anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Limited data exist regarding the association between hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels and liver histopathological changes in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) during the immune tolerant (IT) phase. In this study, we retrospectively analysed liver biopsy results from 150 adult IT-CHB patients. The liver tissue necroinflammation and fibrosis were evaluated by the Scheuer scoring system. Multivariate logistic regression, smooth curve fitting, and segmented regression models were used to examine the association between HBV DNA levels and liver histopathological changes. A total of 26%, 30.67% and 42% of IT patients had significant necroinflammation (≥G2), significant fibrosis (≥S2) and significant histopathological changes (≥G2 and/or ≥S2), respectively. HBV DNA levels were independently and non-linear inversely associated with significant necroinflammation and histopathological changes in IT-CHB patients. Patients with HBV DNA levels <107 IU/mL had a higher risk of significant histopathological changes compared to those with levels >107 IU/mL. The findings were further confirmed by smooth curve fitting analyses, subgroup and sensitivity analyses. In segmented regression model analyses, the optimal DNA value for the lowest odds ratio of significant histopathological changes was 7.26 log10 IU/mL. A non-linear inverse association between HBV DNA levels and significant histopathological changes in IT-CHB patients. DNA 7.26 log10 IU/mL may serve as a potential cut-off point to define a 'true immune tolerant phase' with minimal liver histopathological changes.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is common in older adults and is associated with dementia. Less is known whether this association is mediated by Alzheimer disease (AD) neuropathologic changes, the examination of which was the objective of this study.
METHODS: This was a retrospective cross-sectional examination of the Kaiser Permanente Washington database of the Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) autopsy cohort with information on CAA, dementia, the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) (amyloid neuritic plaques), and Braak (tau neurofibrillary tangles). CAA was diagnosed by immunohistochemistry and dementia by ACT Consensus Diagnostic Conference. AD neuropathology was categorized by CERAD scores and Braak stages. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs of the associations of CAA with dementia, adjusting for age at death and sex, and with additional adjustments separately for CERAD scores (moderate-severe vs mild-absent), Braak stages (V-VI vs 0-IV), APOE ε4, and stroke. Formal mediation analyses were conducted to estimate age-sex-adjusted OR (95% CI) for natural indirect effects (NIEs) of CERAD scores and Braak stages.
RESULTS: The 848 participants had a mean age of 86.7 ± 4.6 years at death, and 57.6% were female. CAA was present in 322 participants (38.0%), of whom 152, 145, and 25 had mild, moderate, and severe CAA, respectively. Dementia was present in 384 participants (45.3%), of whom 317 had AD. Dementia was more common in those with CAA than without (53.7% vs 40.1%; age-sex-adjusted OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.18-2.10). This association remained significant after separate adjustment for other covariates but lost significance when adjusted for CERAD scores (OR 1.27, 95% CI 0.93-1.71) and Braak stages (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.69-1.33). Findings from our formal mediation analyses show that ORs (95% CIs) for NIE of CERAD scores and Braak stages were 1.25 (1.13-1.37) and 1.63 (1.38-1.88), respectively, and CERAD scores and Braak stages mediated 53% and 111% of the total association, respectively.
DISCUSSION: We observed a significant association between CAA and dementia that disappeared when adjusted for CERAD or Braak stages. Findings from our mediation analyses suggest that the CAA-dementia association may be potentially mediated by AD neuropathologic changes. This hypothesis needs to be tested in future mechanistic studies in AD accounting for unmeasured confounders.
Methods and systems for processing data inquiries are described. In one embodiment, data from a data source can be received, a data processing request indicating a request to perform a first function can be received, and a first identifier associated with a user can be determined based on the received data. A table storing a plurality of adjudication results including a plurality of field parameters may be accessed. The plurality of adjudication results in the table can be filtered by determining which of the plurality of adjudication results includes one of the plurality of field parameters having a value that matches or corresponds to the selected field value to create a first subset of filtered adjudication results from the plurality of adjudication results. The first subset of adjudication results can be transmitted when the processor determines that at least one adjudication result of the plurality of adjudication results is within the first subset. Additional methods and systems are disclosed.
Group A will perform aquatic exercises that includes abdominal hollowing, vertical downward press, lateral downard press, straight leg raising, trading water and deep water running. Three sessions per week for 6 weeks.
Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune bleeding disorder with low platelet count. Low-dose HDACi alleviated thrombocytopenia in both passive and active murine models of ITP. In this multicentre, open-label, randomized controlled trial, newly diagnosed ITP patients will be enrolled from 11 tertiary medical centres in China. Participants will be randomly assigned into the combination group or the monotherapy group by masked statisticians in a 1:1 ratio. The primary endpoints are sustained response at month 6. The secondary outcomes include initial response, time to response, duration of response, bleeding score, health-related quality of life assessment, and safety issue. This study will compare the efficacy and safety of low dose chidamide combined with high-dose dexamethasone versus high-dose dexamethasone monotherapy in adults with primary immune thrombocytopenia.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject composition having high improving effects on skin roughening or dryness even in the case of dry skin or sensitive skin and high prophylactic and improving effects on atopic dermatitis, etc., and further capable of improving skin quality easily causing skin trouble by including one or more kinds selected from cedrol, cedrenol, farnesol, etc. SOLUTION: This composition is obtained by including one or more ingredients selected from cedrol, cedrenol, farnesol, patchouli alcohol, vetiverol and α-damascone. The amount of the formulated ingredients in the composition is preferably >=10 ppm. Furthermore, an extract from a plant containing the ingredients (e.g. a cedar, a patchouli or a vetiver) or a steam distillied substance or a pressed material can be used in the composition. A horny layer-containing lipid or its analog (e.g. a natural ceramide, a ceramide analog, a phospholipid or a fatty acid ester of steroids) in addition to the ingredients may be contained in the composition.
In this study will be recruited volunteers 25-50 years of age with a body mass index (BMI) 20-25 kg/m2 (normal) that after performing polysomnography, will be distributed in the following groups: healthy or diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA). Volunteers without OSA will be submitted to total sleep deprivation (SD) or selective REM sleep deprivation for 48 hours. After SD, these volunteers will be allowed to sleep for 48 hours (period rebound). Blood samples will be taken for hormonal analysis (testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, progesterone and cortisol)and gene expression. The semen collection for evaluation of sperm count (concentration, viability and sperm morphology) in three different periods, baseline collection, after SD protocols and the end of rebound period. Individuals diagnosed with OSA also have three collections of blood and semen samples for analyzes.
Disclosed is a device (41) for electrochemically whitening teeth. The device (41) comprises an applicator and a spacer (55). The applicator is used for applying an oxidising agent to the teeth which have been brought to contact with a metal salt activating solution. The applicator has the shape of a dental tray having a back curved wall (43) and a front curved wall (45). The spacer (55) is connected to the back curved wall (43) of the applicator. There is a first electrode (49) and a second electrode (53). The first electrode (49) is attached to the back curved wall (43) of the applicator. The spacer (55) precludes a contact of the first electrode (49) with the teeth. The second electrode (53) is attached to the front curved wall (45) of the applicator. The second electrode (53) extends from the front curved wall (45) to directly contact with the teeth when the applicator is worn. The first electrode (49) and the second electrode (53) are configured to transmit electric current though the applicator. The device (41) further comprises a sealing lip (57) for limiting the exposure of non-tooth intra-oral tissues to the oxidizing agent. The oxidising agent undergoes activation and reduction upon transmission of the electric current through it, thereby affecting the whitening of the teeth.
50 women who are 2-5 months post-delivery will be included in the study following appropriate consent. Women will be randomly allocated to two groups for the type of pump used on the first session. Each expression visit will start approximately 3 hours after the end of a regular baby feeding session. Each expression visit will start approximately 3 hours after the end of a regular baby feeding session. During each visit, milk will be expressed once a day from each of the two breasts (left \& right). During the 4 first visits (at least 1 day apart) Annabella or the control pump will be used. After at least 3 days washout period, milk will be expressed for additional 4 days, once a day from each of the two breasts, using the other breast pump. An expression session will last until no milk is expressed for 3 min continuously but not for longer than 25 min. Participants will be serving as their own control. Milk will be collected for volume and quality assessment. Maternal comfort at the end of each visit will be assessed using questionnaire.
The present invention discloses an emulsifying method for preparing emulsion and associated suspensions and particles. In the method, water solution of polyvinyl alcohol, etc. is used as an aqueous phase and dichloromethane, mixture of dichloromethane, medicine and resin, etc. are used as oil phases to prepare the emulsion and the associated suspensions and particles. The present invention is characterized in that the oil phase is stirred and added to an outer aqueous phase to form initial homogenate; then, the initial homogenate is stirred and added to water or aqueous phase solution of which emulsifiers are same with the emulsifiers of the initial homogenate to prepare the emulsion. When the oil phase system of the emulsion contains resin and medicine, which can further prepare suspension systems and micrometer granules. The present invention has the advantages that the prepared emulsion has high stability, controllable liquid drop particle diameters, less adhesion, difficult damage to the emulsion, less adhesion of the suspension systems and the separated solid phase granules, and uniform and controllable granule sizes. The granules with large sizes and suspension systems thereof can be prepared from resin with low molecular weight and can be applied to the technical fields of medical slow release and control release.
PURPOSE: We aimed to determine the tongue edema that may develop due to the pressure exerted by the endotracheal intubation (ETI) tube on the tongue during the follow-up period of mechanical ventilation in patients intubated in the intensive care unit (ICU) by submental ultrasonography (USG). Also, we aimed to investigate the effect of tongue edema on the oxygen saturation values (SpO2) measured two h after extubation.
METHODS: One hundred patients aged 18-65 years, who were followed up with mechanical ventilation in the ICU from the 0th day of intubation, were included. Patients (n = 57) who were followed up on mechanical ventilation for four days or longer after ETI were included in the study group. Those who were followed up on mechanical ventilation for three days or less after endotracheal intubation and were extubated during this period were included in the control group (n = 43). The tongue cross-sectional areas (TSAs) of patients in both groups were measured twice with submental USG. The first measurement (TSA1) was performed on the 0th day of ETI in all patients in both groups. The second measurement (TSA2) was performed on the 4th day of ETI in the study group and just before extubation in the control group. The difference between TSA2 and TSA1 was defined as tongue edema. Also, the effect of tongue edema on the oxygen saturation levels measured at the 2nd h after extubation of the patients in the control group was investigated.
RESULTS: The tongue edema was more prevalent in the study group (p < 0.01). A significant negative correlation was found between the SpO2 levels two hours after extubation and the increase in the mean TSA values indicating tongue edema (p < 0.01). The oxygen saturations of the patients with tongue edema were 4% lower than those without tongue edema.
CONCLUSIONS: Tongue edema may develop due to the long-term application of pressure of the ETI tube on the tongue and may impair oxygenation after extubation.
GOV IDENTIFIER: NCT05249738.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manufacturing method of fine particle zinc oxide powders which exhibit remarkable effects that the oil absorption is low and the apparent specific volume is low, the effects that are useful as cosmetic powders.  <P>SOLUTION: The manufacturing method of hydrophobization-treated zinc oxide powders comprises dispersing zinc oxide powders into a solvent and performing surface treatment with a phosphate of a specific structure which has a perfluoroalkyl and an ester of a specific structure which is led from a copolymer of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate with a mol. wt. of 30,000-300,000, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate and butyl methacrylate and a methylpolysiloxane whose methyl groups are partially substituted by hydroxypropyl groups. In the manufacturing method, fine particle zinc oxide powders having a primary particle diameter of ≤1 μm are used, and the solvent is used in an amount of 50-90 mass% based on the zinc oxide powders.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
POEM (Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy) is an endoscopic procedure most commonly used to treat achalasia. Achalasia is a disorder resulting from the inability of esophageal muscles to relax. Consequently, patients experience difficulty swallowing, reflux, and weight loss. Treatment options for achalasia are generally divided into 2 categories: A) treatment with medication, or B) treatment via a procedure. Medical treatment is generally reserved for patients to unwell to undergo procedures as the efficacy is low. Additionally, patients tend to experience many side-effects. There are also procedural options used to treat achalasia which include surgical myotomy and POEM. The POEM procedure is advantageous because it is less invasive, but is at least as equally effective for symptomatic relief when compared to the surgical myotomy. The POEM procedure, performed under general anesthesia, involves inserting an endoscope into the esophagus where a specialized knife is able to cut a new pathway through the esophageal tissue. The knife is then used to incise, and therefore loosen, tight muscles within the esophagus, lower esophageal sphincter, and the upper region of the stomach that are responsible for the symptoms. At the conclusion of the procedure, clips are placed in the esophagus to close the incision. Currently, patients are given intravenous ketorolac, oral viscous lidocaine and narcotic analgesics as needed to manage post-operative pain. This study, however, seeks to improve patient's post-operative pain levels by placing ropivacaine (a local anesthetic) into the newly cut pathway that is created in the POEM procedure. It is hypothesized that the topical irrigation of the POEM tunnel with ropivacaine will result in decreased pain scores and a decreased need for additional pain medications. Patients consented to participate in the study will be randomized to receive either ropivacaine (intervention group) or saline (control group). Pain will be assessed at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours post-admission to the recovery unit using validated pain scales. Additionally, the Quality of Recovery (QoR-15) patient survey, will be completed prior to discharge. This measure will capture the patient's initial post-operative health condition and help capture the overall patient experience.
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are soluble mediators secreted by Gram-negative bacteria that are involved in communication. They can carry a variety of harmful molecules, which induce cytotoxic responses and inflammatory reactions in the absence of direct host cell-bacterium interactions. We previously reported the isolation of OMVs from avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) culture medium by ultracentrifugation, and characterized them as a substance capable of inducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and causing tissue damage. However, the specific mechanisms by which APEC-secreted OMVs activate host cell death signaling and inflammation are poorly understood. Here, we show that OMVs are involved in the pathogenesis of APEC disease. In an APEC/chicken macrophage (HD11) coculture system, APEC significantly promoted HD11 cell death and inflammatory responses by secreting OMVs. Using western blotting analysis and specific pathway inhibitors, we demonstrated that the induction of HD11 death by APEC OMVs is associated with the activation of receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1)-, receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 3 (RIPK3)-, and mixed lineage kinase like pseudokinase (MLKL)-induced necroptosis. Notably, necroptosis inhibitor-1 (Nec-1), an RIPK1 inhibitor, reversed these effects. We also showed that APEC OMVs promote the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, leading to the phosphorylation of IκB-α and p65, the increased nuclear translocation of p65, and the significant upregulation of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 transcription. Importantly, APEC OMVs-induced IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expression and the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway were similarly significantly inhibited by a RIPK1-specific inhibitor. Based on these findings, we have established that RIPK1 plays a dual role in HD11 cells necroptosis and the proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β and IL-6) expression induced by APEC OMVs. RIPK1 mediated the induction of necroptosis and the activation of the NF-κB in HD11 cells via APEC OMVs. The results of this study provide a basis for further investigation of the contribution of OMVs to the pathogenesis of APEC.
IMPORTANCE: This study identifies how neighborhood-level socioeconomic status (SES) may affect patients' treatment decisions for pelvic organ prolapse (POP).
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the association of neighborhood-level SES with the decision of surgical versus conservative POP management.
STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients newly diagnosed with POP at a tertiary medical center between 2015 and 2021. Patients lost to follow-up or poor surgical candidates were excluded. Patient characteristics, demographics, and treatment selection were abstracted from the electronic health record. Conservative management was defined as expectant, pessary, and/or pelvic floor physical therapy. Five-digit zip codes were linked to the Area Deprivation Index and used as a surrogate for neighborhood-level SES. Area Deprivation Indices were dichotomized at or below the sample median (less disadvantaged area) and above the sample median (more disadvantaged area). Logistic regression models estimated the odds of choosing surgical versus conservative management as a function of the Area Deprivation Index.
RESULTS: A total of 459 patients met the eligibility criteria (non-Hispanic White, 88.2%). The median age was 63 years (interquartile range, 52-70 years), and the majority had stage 2 POP (65.7%). Of all patients, 59.3% had Medicare/Medicaid, 39.9% were privately insured, and 0.9% were uninsured. Furthermore, 74.7% selected surgical management, and 25.3% chose conservative management. Increasing age and higher Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System stage were significantly associated with selecting surgery (P = 0.01). Women residing in a more disadvantaged area had a 67% increased odds of choosing surgical over conservative management (adjusted odds ratio, 1.67; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-2.64) after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, body mass index, and Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System stage.
CONCLUSIONS: Residing in a more disadvantaged zip code was associated with 67% increased odds of choosing surgical versus conservative POP management.
Psychotherapeutic agents are often administered without sufficient testing to children and adolescents, often on a long-term basis, to reduce aggression. Many pressures, including managed care, will increase the utilization of pharmacotherapy in the outpatient setting to treat serious problems. Lithium is the most promising agent for the treatment of aggression in children and adolescents. However, it has not been shown that lithium is an effective treatment for these patients in the outpatient (non-hospital) setting, or on a long-term basis. The purpose of this study is to examine the long-term effects of lithium used to treat children and adolescents with aggressive conduct disorder (severe aggression).

The proposed study is a two-phased clinical trial of lithium for the treatment of aggression in conduct disorder. Both phases are double-blind and placebo-controlled with randomization and employ a parallel groups design. Phase 1 contains a short-term 8-week controlled trial, with twice as many subjects randomized to lithium as placebo, increasing the pool of potential lithium responders to continue to Phase 2. In Phase 2, lithium responders from Phase 1 enter a 6-month long-term controlled trial. Every attempt is made to define responders to lithium.
Eligibility for participation of this study will be determined from demographic information, medical history, physical examination, electrocardiogram(ECG) and clinical laboratory tests within 3 weeks before study drug administration. Subjects suitable for this study will be admitted to the Clinical Trials Center, Seoul National University Hospital on the day before dosing, and they will be overnight-fasted from 9 p.m. of Day -1. Urine collection is scheduled from 24 hours before midazolam administration to 24 hours after administration. Subjects will be dosed midazolam by intravenous around at 9 a.m. of Day 1. Subjects will perform scheduled procedures including clinical laboratory tests, electrocardiograms and pharmacokinetic samplings. Subjects will be discharged on Day 2 and visit the Clinical Trials Center for period 2, ketoconazole administration. After 3 days of ketoconazole administration, midazolam will be dosed with ketoconazole on Day 4 of period 2. Subjects will perform scheduled procedure and on period 3 rifampicin will be dosed for 9 days and on Day 10 of period 3 midazolam will be dosed with rifampicin. After subjects perform scheduled procedure, the study will be terminated 6-8 days after the end of period 3.