anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a main global epidemic increasing as population age and affecting approximately 10% of subjects over 45 years. COPD is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease with several endo-phenotypes and clinical presentations. Although neutrophilic inflammation is canonically considered a hallmark of COPD, eosinophilic inflammation can also be present in a subgroup of patients. Several other immune cells and cytokines play a key role in orchestrating and perpetuating the inflammatory pathways in COPD, making them attractive targets for treating this disorder. Recent studies have started to evaluate the possible role of type 2 (T2) inflammation and epithelial-derived alarmins (TSLP and IL-33) in COPD. Two phase III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) showed a modest reduction in exacerbations in COPD patients with eosinophilic phenotype treated with mepolizumab (anti-IL-5) or benralizumab (anti-IL-5Rα). A phase III RCT showed a 30% reduction in exacerbations in COPD patients with ≥ 300 eosinophils/μL treated with dupilumab (anti-IL-4Rα). These results suggest that blocking a single cytokine (e.g., IL-5) or its main target (i.e., IL-5Rα) is less promising than blocking a wider spectrum of cytokines (i.e., IL-4 and IL-13) in COPD. TSLP and IL-33 are upstream regulators of T2-high and T2-low immune responses in airway inflammation. Several ongoing RCTs are evaluating the efficacy and safety of anti-TSLP (tezepelumab), anti-IL-33 (itepekimab, tozorakimab), and anti-ST2 (astegolimab) in patients with COPD, who experience exacerbations. In conclusion, targeting T2 inflammation or epithelial-derived alarmins might represent a step forward in precision medicine for the treatment of a subset of COPD.
Lynch syndrome is an underdiagnosed genetic condition that increases lifetime colorectal, endometrial, and other cancer risk. Cascade testing in relatives is recommended to increase diagnoses and enable access to cancer prevention services, yet uptake is limited due to documented multi-level barriers. Individual barriers such as feelings of fear, guilt, and anxiety and limited knowledge about Lynch syndrome as well as interpersonal barriers including complex family dynamics and language barriers limit family communication about Lynch syndrome and prevent uptake of genetic screening for relatives. Organizational and environmental barriers including a shortage of genetics professionals, high costs, and fears of discrimination also reduce cascade testing. These multi-level barriers may disproportionately impact underserved populations in the United States, such as individuals with lower incomes, limited English-speaking proficiency, lower educational attainment, and inadequate access to health systems. Multi-level facilitators of cascade testing include interpersonal support from family members, peers, and healthcare providers, educational resources, and motivation to improve family health. Taken together, these barriers and facilitators demonstrate a need for interventions and strategies that address multi-level factors to increase cascade testing in families with Lynch syndrome and other hereditary cancer conditions. We provide an example of a cascade testing intervention that has been developed for use in individuals diagnosed with Lynch syndrome and discuss the variety of current approaches to addressing these multi-level barriers.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: protein is capable to inhibit thrombin activity specifically. Besides, what is offered is a nucleic acid coding said chimeric protein, a vector containing this nucleic acid and a host cell carrying the vector. The present invention also refers to a pharmaceutical composition containing the recombinant chimeric protein of neutrophils and girugen inhibition factor. An effect of the given composition consists in thrombocyte aggregation inhibition or peripheral leukocyte activation inhibition. ^ EFFECT: composition can be used for treating a cardio-cerebrovascular disease or preventing a cerebral ischemic injury or a cerebral hematoma. ^ 13 cl, 11 dwg, 16 tbl, 17 ex
The main operation will be performed as planned. Prior to the closure of the abdominal wall a mesh will be implanted in a standardized fashion: A Dynamesh IPOM mesh will be used for the present study. The mesh has a width of 15cm and is tailored to overlap lateral and cranial boarders at least 5cm. The mesh will be placed intra-abdominally and fixed using intra-abdominal stitches using Prolene 2/0 in all four corners. After the initial fixation of the mesh in all quadrants, the boarders of the mesh will be adapted using Prolene 2/0 running sutures. The fixation aims to prevent any intestinal structures to herniate onto the mesh. Afterwards, the abdominal wall is closed as described in the control group.
A dental lining cement composition, which comprises the ester of a dihydric alcohol and salicyclic acid together with an excess of calcium hydroxide, sets to form a rigid water-permeable mass of the corresponding calcium phenate containing free calcium hydroxide.  The polyhydric alcohol may be glycerine, 1,3-butylene glycol, or ethyl hexane diol.  The ester may be formed by direct reaction of the alcohol and the acid or by reaction of the alcohol and the methyl ester of the acid in the presence of sodium methylate as a catalyst. The crude reaction product containing a mixture of esters may be employed.  The composition may comprise silica, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, or calcium sulphate as inert filler, and ethyl toluene sulphonamide or a polyester as plasticizer. It may also comprise zinc stearate.ALSO:A dental lining cement composition, which comprises the ester of a dihydric alcohol and salicylic acid together with an excess of calcium hydroxide, sets to form a rigid water-permeable mass of the corresponding calcium phenate containing free calcium hydroxide.  The polyhydric alcohol may be glycerine, 1,3-butylene glycol, or ethyl hexane diol.  The ester may be formed by direct reaction of the alcohol and the acid or by reaction of the alcohol and the methyl ester of the acid in the presence of sodium methylate as a catalyst.  The crude reaction product containing a mixture of esters may be employed.  The composition may comprise silica, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, or calcium sulphate as inert filler, and ethyl toluene sulphonamide or a polyester as plasticizer.  It may also comprise zinc stearate.
A cleaning composition is disclosed. The composition contains a first enzyme where the enzyme can be Endo-D, Endo-H, Endo-L, Endo-C, Endo-CII, Endo-F-Gal type, Endo-F and PNGaseF and a second enzyme where the enzyme can be a protease, lipase, nuclease, glycosidase, an enzyme different from the first enzyme, and any combination of these. The composition also contains a detergent surfactant and a builder. The composition can be used in a method for cleaning a surface on which is bound a glycoside-containing substance. The substance can be blood or components thereof, fecal matter or components thereof or microorganisms. The surface can be fabric, biological tissue, tooth enamel, contact lens, glass, ceramic, metal, metal alloy, plastic, plant, fruit and vegetable.
Taekwondo training was performed 60 minutes/day, 3 days/week for 12-weeks. Exercise intensity was set at 30-40% of heart rate reserve (HRR) and gradually increased to 50-60% over 12 weeks.
An intra-bronchial device may be placed in an air passageway of a patient to collapse a lung portion associated with the air passageway. The device includes an obstructing member (40) that prevents air from being inhaled into the lung portion to collapse the lung portion, and an anchoring device (100) that anchors the obstructing member in the air passageway by engaging the obstructing member (90) and the air passageway wall. The anchoring device (100) may frictionally engage the obstructing member and the air passageway, or engage both by piercing. The engagement provided by the anchoring device may be releasable for removal of the obstructing member (90). The anchoring device (100) may be balloon expandable from a first shape to a second shape that engages the obstructing member (90) and the air passageway. The obstructing member (90) may be a one-way valve.
Various surgical hubs are disclosed. A surgical hub is configured to communicate with a surgical instrument. The surgical hub comprises a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The memory stores instructions executable by the processor to receive a first data set associated with a surgical procedure. The first data set is generated at a first time. A second data set, associated with the efficacy of the surgical procedure, is also received. The second data set is generated at a second time. The second time is separate and distinct from the first time. The processor further executes instructions to anonymize the first and second data sets by removing information that identifies a patient, a surgery, or a scheduled time of the surgery; and stores the first and second anonymized data sets to generate a data pair grouped by surgery.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a composition for a throat capable of diminishing an uncomfortable feeling in the throat caused by an irritation caused by a microorganisms such as viruses and bacteria, chemicals, dusts and acarids on the throat by combining Kyoseihatekigan (a combined crude medicine) with a stevia. SOLUTION: This composition for a throat is obtained by combining a stevia with a food blended with Kyoseihatekigan having the component ratio of 2.5 pts.wt. Forsythiae Fructus, 2.5 pts.wt. Platycodon grandiflorum, 2.5 pts. wt. Glychyrrhizae Radix, 1.0 pt.wt. Amomi Semen, 1.0 pt.wt. Cnidium officinale, 1.0 pt.wt. Terminalia chebula, 2.0 pts.wt. Acacia catechu, 4.0 pts.wt. Menthae Herba and 1.0 pt.wt. Rhei Rhizoma. A feeling when taking the medicine is improved because the uncomfortable irritating feeling such as a specific bitter, astringent or harsh taste is reduced.
BACKGROUND: Trials of cholinergic and glutamatergic agents have improved cognition and memory for the geriatric schizophrenic population. Donepezil is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that improves cognition by preventing postsynaptic degradation of hippocampal acetylcholine in patients with mild-to-moderate dementia. Donepezil has been attributed to some adverse effects, especially gastrointestinal symptoms. However, cardiovascular adverse effects are not common as there remains a dearth of literature regarding donepezil-induced bradycardia.
CASE REPORT: Hence, we present the case of a 70-year-old Hispanic female with past psychiatry history of schizophrenia who developed bradycardia and syncope following the commencement of low-dose donepezil in the inpatient unit and subsequent resolution with cessation. She had no prior cardiovascular symptoms or diagnosis.
DISCUSSION: Considering there is no baseline cardiac monitoring requirement guideline for patients on Donepezil treatment, pre-assessment electrocardiogram is advised before the commencement of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Finally, routine monitoring of vital signs for at least the first 72 hours following the start of donepezil might be good proactive practice for all psychiatrists. Extending this practice to inpatient and outpatient service settings will be worthwhile.
The drug, which is used in the treatment of Type II diabetes, has a narrow therapeutic range. Its net renal clearance by secretion (i.e., renal clearance minus filtration clearance) ranges from approximately 100 ml/min to 800ml/min in normal, healthy subjects. Although many factors may contribute to inter-individual variation in renal secretory clearance, initial estimates of heritability (greater than 0.6) suggest that genetic factors play an important role in the renal secretion of metformin. Available evidence supports the idea that hOCT2 is the primary transporter involved in the first-step of renal secretion of metformin, i.e., uptake from the blood to the tubule cell across the basolateral membrane. In particular, (a) hOCT2 is the primary organic cation transporter on the basolateral membrane of the human kidney; and (b) metformin interacts with and is translocated by hOCT2 in heterologous expression systems.

In recent studies, we identified four variants (M165I, A270S, R400C, and K432Q) with ethnic-specific allele frequencies ≥1% \[6\] that have altered function in studies in heterologous expression systems. In addition, we identified a common haplotype of hOCT2 and one haplotype that contain the non-synonymous cSNP, A270S. We will determine whether variability in the renal secretory clearance of the model organic cation, metformin, in healthy individuals is associated with genetic variation in hOCT2. In particular, we will determine whether the renal clearance of metformin differs in individuals who are homozygous for the common haplotype of OCT2 (OCT2\*1) and those who are heterozygous for the less common haplotype OCT2\*3D, which we have identified in a comprehensive screen of ethnically identified DNA samples. We will also determine whether individuals who are heterozygous for the less common OCT2 variants, M165I, R400C and K432Q, have reduced renal clearances of metformin.
Acute inflammatory syndrome (AIS) has been reported with the use of mycophenolate products, and some cases have resulted in hospitalization. AIS is a paradoxical pro-inflammatory reaction characterized by fever, arthralgias, arthritis, muscle pain and elevated inflammatory markers including, C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, without evidence of infection or underlying disease recurrence. Symptoms occur within weeks to months of initiation of treatment or a dose increase. After discontinuation, improvement of symptoms and inflammatory markers are usually observed within 24 to 48 hours. 

Monitor patients for symptoms and laboratory parameters of AIS when starting treatment with mycophenolate products or when increasing the dosage. Discontinue treatment and consider other treatment alternatives based on the risk and benefit for the patient.
Teratogenic Effects: Reproduction studies performed in rats and rabbits at oral doses up to 8 times the maximum human dose did not reveal evidence of teratogenicity. In the rat, however, this multiple of the human dose resulted in decreased pregnancies and in the retarded development of fetuses. These effects are thought to be due to an inhibition or delay in implantation which is also observed in rodents administered other antipsychotic drugs. In the rabbit, maternal toxicity, mortality, decreased weight gain, and embryotoxicity including increased resorptions were dose-related. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, pimozide should be given to a pregnant woman only if the potential benefits of treatment clearly outweigh the potential risks.  


Nonteratogenic effects. Neonates exposed to antipsychotic drugs, during the third trimester of pregnancy are at risk for extrapyramidal and/or withdrawal symptoms following delivery. There have been reports of agitation, hypertonia, hypotonia, tremor, somnolence, respiratory distress and feeding disorder in these neonates. These complications have varied in severity; while in some cases symptoms have been self-limited, in other cases neonates have required intensive care unit support and prolonged hospitalization.

Pimozide should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) is the NIA s major clinical research program in human aging that has been conducted in Baltimore since 1958. The study population is a series of healthy volunteers of different ages followed indefinitely with serial evaluations over time. The major aim of the study is to characterize the aging process in its multifaceted aspects. To accomplish this task, a large cohort of volunteers dispersed over a wide age range are enrolled in the study when they are healthy, and then followed with regular follow-up visits for life. Since the aging process involves the whole range of physiological domains, participants receive an extensive evaluation of physiological parameters, biomarkers, risk factors, disease-related measures, impairments, and physical and cognitive function over follow-up visits that last for multiple days. Blood samples and other specimens are collected to obtain part of these measures and/or to be stored for future use. Information on mood, personality, psychological and social aspects of life that are relevant to the study of aging is also collected. Information collected in the BLSA represents a unique source of longitudinal data on aging. Historically the BLSA has contributed more than any other research project to our understanding of aging. More recently, the BLSA has begun to focus on factors associated with exceptionally healthy aging.
Clinic personnel (Providers and Nurses) will receive online training that includes: 1) an overview of the project; 2) iCPR workflows including triage; 3) CPR component review and risk categories; 4) history and physical examination components of the CPRs. The online training will be followed by in-person training to reinforce the online training and teach additional skills. In-person training sessions led by study team will last approximately 60 minutes, and consist of four basic components: 1) a review of the iCPR ARI protocol and tools; 2) on-screen walk-throughs of common scenarios employing the new tools; 3) physical examination technique practice with simulated patients; A 60-minute in-person follow-up nurse training will take place 4-6 weeks after implementation of the intervention.
After clinical examination, each lesion that is suspicious for non-melanoma skin cancer and/or its precursor, is examined with dermoscopy, optical coherence tomography, in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy and each patient gets 3D total body photography. Afterwards, decision for management of each lesion is made (excision, biopsy, local treatment or no treatment). Surgeons are blinded to the groups but get the planning of surgery of the investigator. Pathologists are blinded to the groups.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) is an International Classification of Disease 10th Revision-based scale that was originally designed for, and validated in, the assessment of patients 75 years or older presenting in an acute care setting. This study highlights central tenets inherent to the concept of frailty; questions the logic behind, and utility of, HFRS' recent implementation in the neurosurgical literature; and discusses why there is no useful role for HFRS as a frailty-based neurosurgical risk assessment (FBNRA) tool.
METHODS: The authors performed a systematic review of the literature per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, including all cranial and spinal studies that used HFRS as their primary frailty tool. Seventeen (N = 17) studies used HFRS to assess frailty's impact on neurosurgical outcomes. Thirteen total journals, 10 of which were neurosurgical journals, including the highest impact factor journals, published the 17 papers.
RESULTS: Increasing HFRS score was associated with adverse outcomes, including prolonged length of stay (11 of 17 studies), nonroutine discharge (10 of 17 studies), and increased hospital costs (9 of 17 studies). Four different HFRS studies, of the 17, predicted one of the following 4 adverse outcomes: worse quality of life, worse functional outcomes, reoperation, or in-hospital mortality.
CONCLUSION: Despite its rapid acceptance and widespread proliferation through the leading neurosurgical journals, HFRS lacks any conceptual relationship to the frailty syndrome or FBNRA for individual patients. HFRS measures acute conditions using International Classification of Disease 10th Revision codes and awards "frailty" points for symptoms and examination findings unrelated to the impaired baseline physiological reserve inherent to the very definition of frailty. HFRS lacks clinical utility as it cannot be deployed point-of-care at the bedside to risk stratify patients. HFRS has never been validated in any patient population younger than 75 years or in any nonacute care setting. We recommend HFRS be discontinued as an individual FBNRA tool.
Investigators propose to conduct a pragmatic stepped-wedge comparative effectiveness trial comparing a novel model of providing community-based palliative care for persons living with Parkinson's disease (PD), Lewy Body Dementia (LBD) and related disorders through online communities to usual care. Our intervention includes support for both community neurologists (using the ECHO model of clinician support) as well as family caregivers and patients. Investigators hypothesize that this model of care will improve patient quality of life and caregiver burden as well as other important secondary outcomes such as patient symptom burden and clinician burnout. This study will recruit neurology providers (MD and APPs) from 24 community neurology practices. These practices will identify participants for the study who have PD, LBD or a related condition and moderate to high palliative care needs. Under usual care, community providers will deliver their usual care and center coordinators will collect data on our outcomes every 3 months. After one year of baseline data collection, 6 practices will be randomized to the intervention, which will include clinician training and coaching as well as access to online services for their patients. Per the stepped-wedge design an additional six practices will be randomized 18 months into the data collection period, six at 24 months, and the final six will enter the intervention 30 months into the data collection period to allow for 12 months intervention recruitment for all practices.