anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
QT prolongation, Torsades de Pointes and other life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, and sudden death have occurred with CLOZARIL treatment. When prescribing CLOZARIL, consider the presence of additional risk factors for QT prolongation and serious cardiovascular reactions. Conditions that increase these risks include the following: history of QT prolongation, long QT syndrome, family history of long QT syndrome or sudden cardiac death, significant cardiac arrhythmia, recent myocardial infarction, uncompensated heart failure, treatment with other medications that cause QT prolongation, treatment with medications that inhibit the metabolism of clozapine, and electrolyte abnormalities.

Prior to initiating treatment with CLOZARIL, perform a careful physical examination, medical history, and concomitant medication history. Consider obtaining a baseline ECG and serum chemistry panel. Correct electrolyte abnormalities. Discontinue CLOZARIL if the QTc interval exceeds 500 msec. If patients experience symptoms consistent with Torsades de Pointes, or other arrhythmias, (e.g., syncope, presyncope, dizziness, or palpitations), obtain a cardiac evaluation and discontinue CLOZARIL.

Use caution when administering concomitant medications that prolong the QT interval or inhibit the metabolism of CLOZARIL. Drugs that cause QT prolongation include: specific antipsychotics (e.g., ziprasidone, iloperidone, chlorpromazine, thioridazine, mesoridazine, droperidol, pimozide), specific antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, sparfloxacin), Class 1A antiarrhythmic medications (e.g., quinidine, procainamide) or Class III antiarrhythmics (e.g., amiodarone, sotalol), and others (e.g., pentamidine, levomethadyl acetate, methadone, halofantrine, mefloquine, dolasetron mesylate, probucol or tacrolimus). Clozapine is primarily metabolized by CYP isoenzymes 1A2, 2D6, and 3A4. Concomitant treatment with inhibitors of these enzymes can increase the concentration of CLOZARIL . [see Drug Interactions (7.1) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]

Hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia increase the risk of QT prolongation. Hypokalemia can result from diuretic therapy, diarrhea, and other causes. Use caution when treating patients at risk for significant electrolyte disturbance, particularly hypokalemia. Obtain baseline measurements of serum potassium and magnesium levels, and periodically monitor electrolytes. Correct electrolyte abnormalities before initiating treatment with CLOZARIL.
Hypotension can occur at any dose but is dose-related. Patients with hemodynamic compromise or on interacting medications are at particular risk. Severe reactions may include loss of consciousness, cardiac arrest, and death. For control of ventricular heart rate, maintenance doses greater than 200 mcg per kg per min are not recommended. Monitor patients closely, especially if pretreatment blood pressure is low. In case of an unacceptable drop in blood pressure, reduce or stop esmolol hydrochloride injection. Decrease of dose or termination of infusion reverses hypotension, usually within 30 minutes.
FIELD: medicine as antioxidative and antiinflammatory agent. SUBSTANCE: product: glycyrhetic acid derivative of formula 1 wherein R is H or unsubstituted or substituted C-C alkyl or pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof. The product is produced by reacting halogenphosphorylating agent with glycyrhetic acid or alkyl ester thereof followed by reaction of the resulting product with ascorbic acid having protected 5- and 6-hydroxy groups which are then deprotected by hydrolysis. Structure of the compound of formula I:  . EFFECT: improved properties of glycyrhetic acid derivatives. 9 cl, 3 dwg, 2 tbl
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The following review will highlight the development of anamorelin to treat cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome (CACS) including the potential benefits, limitations, and future directions.
RECENT FINDINGS: Ghrelin, a 28-amino acid peptide hormone, is secreted by the stomach mucosa and regulates appetite, promotes lipogenesis, increases body weight, improves gastric motility, reduces catabolic wasting and inflammation. Several randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials evaluating anamorelin, a ghrelin agonist, for the treatment of CACS have reported improvement in appetite and body composition including both lean body and fat mass; however, most studies noted no improvement in physical function as assessed by measuring non-dominant hand-grip strength. Common adverse effects of anamorelin include the development of diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, and less frequently, hepatic abnormalities and cardiovascular events including conduction abnormalities, hypertension, and ischemic cardiomyopathy. Anamorelin has the potential to stimulate appetite, improve gastric movement, and may have anti-inflammatory effects on patients with CACS. In patients with cancer, studies involving anamorelin combined with other multimodal treatments including nutrition counseling (branched chain amino acids, omega 3 fatty acids, and other nutrients), exercise, treatment of hormonal abnormalities including hypogonadism and hypovitaminosis D, and anti-inflammatory agents are needed. Compliance with multimodality treatment has been a barrier and future studies may need to incorporate motivational counseling to promote adherence.
The invention belongs to the technical field of probiotics, and discloses an anti-vibrio pathogen probiotic for coral healthy culture and an application thereof, wherein the anti-vibrio pathogen probiotic for coral healthy culture is alteromonas strain ZD22-1, is preserved in Guangdong microorganism preservation center GDMCC at 2021, 8 months, and is addressed to Guangdong institute for microorganisms of Guangzhou, Michelia Tokyo 100, No. 59, No. 5, Guangdong institute for microorganisms, and the preservation strain number is GDMCC No. 61647. The coral probiotic bacteria Alteromonas sp.ZD22-1 obtained by screening has antagonistic action on vibrio pathogens of coral and has antioxidant potential. The invention develops the marine micro-ecological preparation-anti-vibrio pathogen probiotics, can effectively treat coral diseases and albinism caused by vibrio pathogens, improves the immunity and disease resistance of coral, and has wide application prospect.
Adolescence is often characterized as a particularly difficult time for children. Though adolescents begin to desire independence from their parents, parents still play an integral role in prevention of health-risk behaviors in their children. In fact, the quality of the parent-child relationship continues to serve as a determining factor of whether or not an adolescent will engage in harmful behaviors. Often times, this may lead to the practice of risky and harmful behaviors, such as, poor diet, substance use, unprotected sex, and reckless driving. The quality of the parent-child relationship continues to serve as a determining factor of whether or not an adolescent will engage in harmful behaviors. For instance, weekly parent-child discussions have also been identified as one of the strongest factors in influencing healthier food choices in adolescents. It is important to increase understanding of parent views about discussions of health risk behaviors with their children, in order to guide efforts to develop health communication strategies aimed at promoting parent and child discussion of these behaviors. In turn, this may lead to a decrease in youth engaging in health-risk behaviors.

This study explores parental views about discussing health risk behaviors with their children and then tests the effects of a discussion tool on parents conversations with their children about unhealthy eating, marijuana use, and sedentary behavior. Participants will include parents living in the United States who have children ages 10 to 17 years old. The study will consist of a baseline survey, and then a follow-up survey four weeks later. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three discussion tool conditions that include marijuana use, unhealthy eating, or sedentary behavior. One month later, participants will be invited to complete a follow-up survey that will measure discussion behavior, followed by items from the initial survey. Following the survey completion, participants will read a brief explanation of the study and receive links to websites of national health organizations with information about unhealthy eating and marijuana use.
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND: Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) is an increasingly popular size-independent technique of treating male voiding dysfunction due to benign prostatic hypertrophy. Some patients after HoLEP may develop clinically significant prostate cancer and opt for definitive treatment with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Little is known about the safety of EBRT after HoLEP and how it may functionally impact voiding after HoLEP has altered the anatomy of the prostate. Our study aimed to assess patient-reported voiding outcomes following EBRT after HoLEP with a focus on incontinence related patient outcomes.
METHODS/MATERIALS: This study was conducted with approval from our hospital's institutional review board. Patients that underwent HoLEP followed by EBRT were identified and data were collected in a retrospective nature from a single surgeon HoLEP cohort over the past 4 years (2019-2023). Patient demographics, disease and radiation therapy characteristics, radiation therapy, and baseline voiding symptoms were recorded. Current functional voiding outcomes were also collected via phone-call or portal communication in a cross-sectional manner with questions pertaining to type of incontinence, IPSS quality of life score, and administration of the Michigan incontinence symptom index (M-ISI). Adverse events encountered during follow-up were recorded.
RESULTS: 24 patients were identified who received RT for prostate cancer after HoLEP with an average age of 73.6 (± 5.3). One third of patients reported no incontinence whatsoever after radiation and of those who experienced incontinence, the majority felt that it was not worsened after radiation. Median IPSS QoL score following radiation was 1 (range 0-6), median M-ISI Severity Score was 4 out of a maximum of 32, and median M-ISI bother score was 0 out of a maximum of 8. One patient developed a bladder neck contracture (BNC) approximately 1 year following his radiation therapy (approximately 18 months after HoLEP) causing bothersome incontinence and LUTS.
CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort most patients who received RT after HoLEP reported a high urinary-symptom related quality of life and a low rate of urinary incontinence. One patient who received SBRT suffered a BNC which is a known adverse event with RT but given our small sample size it remains unclear if the risk is higher in patients receiving RT after HoLEP. Larger studies should focus on examining the rate of bladder neck contracture in patients receiving RT after HoLEP, particularly focusing on whether the degree of dose fractionation may impact their development.
BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disease and the third leading cause of death worldwide. Previous evidence has shown that acupuncture may be an effective complementary alternative therapy for stable COPD. However, large-sample, rigorously designed long-term follow-up studies still need to be completed. Notably, the relationship between the frequency of acupuncture and clinical efficacy in studies on acupuncture for stable COPD still needs further validation. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for stable COPD and further investigate the dose-effect relationship of acupuncture.
METHODS/DESIGN: This is a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial that uses central randomization to randomly allocate 550 participants in a 1:1:1:1:1 ratio to once a week acupuncture group, twice a week acupuncture group, three times a week acupuncture group, sham acupuncture group and waiting-list control group. The sham acupuncture group will receive placebo acupuncture treatments three times per week, and the waiting-list control group will not receive any form of acupuncture intervention. The study consists of a 2-week baseline, 12-week of treatment, and 52-week of follow-up. Patients with COPD between 40 to 80 years old who have received stable Western medication within the previous 3 months and have had at least 1 moderate or severe acute exacerbation within the past 1 year will be included in the study. Basic treatment will remain the same for all participants. The primary outcome is the proportion of responders at week 12. Secondary outcomes include the proportion of responders at week 64, change in the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) Scale, change in the Modified-Medical Research Council (mMRC) Scale, change in the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) Scale, change in the Lung Function Screening Indicators (LFSI), change in the 6-min walk distance (6-MWD), change in Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) Scale, the number of moderate and severe acute exacerbations and adverse event rate during the follow-up period.
DISCUSSION: This study will provide robust evidence on whether acupuncture is safe and effective for treating stable COPD. Meanwhile, comparing the differences in efficacy between different acupuncture frequencies will further promote the optimization of acupuncture for stable COPD.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200058757), on April 16, 2022.
INTRODUCTION: The management of anticoagulation in patients with durable left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) is challenging. Traditionally, warfarin has been used, but its limitations have prompted interest in direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of DOACs compared to warfarin in LVAD patients.
METHODS: We searched databases for studies comparing DOACs and warfarin in LVAD patients. Primary outcomes were thromboembolic events and major bleeding events. Secondary outcomes were the individual components of the thromboembolic events, minor bleeding events, and all-cause mortality. Random-effects model was used to calculate log risk-ratios (RR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI).
RESULTS: Nine studies with a total of 316 LVAD patients (153 on DOACs, 163 on warfarin) were included. Thromboembolic events were similar between the groups (Log RR -0.42, 95 % CI:1.29 to 0.45, P = 0.34). Major bleeding events were significantly fewer in the DOAC group (Log RR -1.05, 95 % CI:1.73 to -0.36, P < 0.01). Minor bleeding events were also less common with DOACs (Log RR -0.77, 95 % CI:1.46 to -0.07, P = 0.03). No significant differences were observed in pump thrombosis, ischemic cerebrovascular accident events, or all-cause mortality.
CONCLUSION: DOACs appear to be a safe and effective alternative to warfarin for anticoagulation in LVAD patients, associated with fewer major and minor bleeding events. These findings support the consideration of DOACs in this patient population, though further research is needed to confirm these results and guide clinical practice.
Surgical ergonomics is a burgeoning field, spurred by the recognition of the high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal pain and injury in practicing surgeons including obstetrician/gynecologists. Surgery is often a demanding physical task, and the muscles and joints that are stressed vary by the surgical approach. Vaginal surgery has unique ergonomic challenges, particularly for assistants who may need to laterally bend their torsos to visualize the surgical field while still holding retractors. This is often a compromising physical position for the back, the shoulders, and sometimes the neck which increases the risk of acute or chronic musculoskeletal injury. The risk of injury can be thought of as a discrepancy between the demands of the task and the individual's physical capabilities. Surgeons' injury risk may be decreased if their physical capabilities can be improved through exercise. Most existing publications on surgical ergonomics have focused on raising awareness and on environmental changes such as optimizing surgeon posture during the case or introducing micro-breaks and stretching. Few publications have assessed a structured exercise program with the goal of decreasing surgeon pain or fatigue during and after surgery. To our knowledge, no studies have addressed this in vaginal surgery.
BACKGROUND Actinomycosis is a clinically significant but uncommon infectious disease caused by anaerobic commensals of Actinomyces species, and the incidence of thoracic empyema is rare. We report an extremely rare case of empyema caused by Actinomyces naeslundii (A. naeslundii). CASE REPORT A 39-year-old man presented to our hospital with fever and dyspnea. He had massive pleural effusion and was diagnosed with a left lower-lobe abscess and left thoracic empyema. Thoracic drainage was performed and Ampicillin/Sulbactam was administered for 3 weeks. Four years later, the patient presented with back pain, and chest X-ray showed increased left pleural effusion. After close examination, malignant pleural mesothelioma was suspected, and computed tomography-guided needle biopsy was performed, which yielded a viscous purulent pleural effusion with numerous greenish-yellow sulfur granules. A. naeslundii was identified through anaerobic culture. Thoracoscopic surgery of the empyema cavity was conducted, and Ampicillin/Sulbactam followed by Amoxicillin/Clavulanate was administered for approximately 6 months. No recurrence has been observed for 1 year since the surgical procedure. CONCLUSIONS Actinomyces empyema is a rare condition, and this case is the second reported occurrence of empyema caused by A. naeslundii. The visual identification of sulfur granules contributed to the diagnosis. Long-term antibiotic therapy plays a crucial role in treatment.
This study compares the impact of early multimodal therapy on mechanical ventilation duration in ICU patients. It is an open-label, randomized controlled clinical trial. Patients will be assigned to either early multimodal therapy or standard therapy (control) in a 1:1 ratio. Blinding is not possible due to the study design. The analysis will follow an intention-to-treat approach. The hypothesis is that early multimodal therapy reduces mechanical ventilation duration
The potential for adverse cardiac adverse reactions exists with TRUDHESA treatment. Serious adverse cardiac events, including some that have been fatal, have occurred following use of dihydroergotamine mesylate. These events have included acute myocardial infarction, life-threatening disturbances of cardiac rhythm (e.g., ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation), coronary artery vasospasm, and transient myocardial ischemia.

Prior to initiation of TRUDHESA, a cardiovascular evaluation is recommended to determine if the patient is free of coronary artery and ischemic myocardial disease or other significant underlying cardiovascular disease. If, during the cardiovascular evaluation, the patient's medical history (including risk factors), or electrocardiographic investigation, findings are consistent with coronary artery vasospasm or myocardial ischemia, TRUDHESA should not be administered [see Contraindications (4)].

For patients with risk factors predictive of coronary artery disease (e.g., hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoker, obesity, diabetes, strong family history of coronary artery disease, females who are surgically or physiologically postmenopausal, or males who are over 40 years of age) who are determined to have a satisfactory cardiovascular evaluation, it is strongly recommended that administration of the first dose of TRUDHESA take place in the setting of an equipped healthcare facility, unless the patient has previously received dihydroergotamine mesylate. During the interval immediately following the first use of TRUDHESA, an electrocardiogram is recommended in those patients with risk factors because ischemia can occur in the absence of clinical symptoms.
Chemotherapy induced polyploidy is a mechanism of inherited drug resistance resulting in an aggressive disease course in cancer patients. Alisertib, an Aurora Kinase A (AK-A) ATP site inhibitor, induces cell cycle disruption resulting in polyaneuploidy in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). Propidium iodide flow cytometry was utilized to quantify alisertib induced polyploidy in U2932 and VAL cell lines. In U2932 cells, 1µM alisertib generated 8n+ polyploidy in 48% of the total cell population after 5 days of treatment. Combination of Aurkin A an AK-A/TPX2 site inhibitor, plus alisertib disrupted alisertib induced polyploidy in a dose-dependent manner with associated increased apoptosis. We generated a stable FUCCI U2932 cell line expressing Geminin-clover (S/G2/M) and cdt1-mKO (G1), to monitor cell cycle progression. Using this system, we identified alisertib induces polyploidy through endomitosis, which was eliminated with Aurkin A treatment. In a VAL mouse xenograft model, we show polyploidy generation in alisertib treated mice versus vehicle control or Aurkin A. Aurkin A plus alisertib significantly reduced polyploidy to vehicle control levels. Our in vitro and in vivo studies show that Aurkin A synergizes with alisertib and significantly decreases the alisertib dose needed to disrupt polyploidy while increasing apoptosis in DLBCL cells.
This is a randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, study evaluating 2 doses of ticagrelor in 90 patients aged 18 to 30 years, with sickle cell disease (SCD). Patients will be randomised to double-blind double-dummy treatment period in a 1:1:1 ratio (30 to each treatment group) to receive ticagrelor 10 mg twice daily (bid), or ticagrelor 45 mg bid, or placebo bid to determine the frequency of days with pain using an electronic diary (eDiary) every day. Approximately 180 patients will be enrolled. Patient will be followed for safety assessment during and after 2 weeks of treatment completion.

During the 16 week treatment period, patients will complete a daily eDiary concerning daily pain intensity, pain location, use of analgesics and absence from school or work. At the end of the study patients will be asked to rate the change in their sickle cell pain compared to the start of treatment. Platelet aggregation will be measured and reported as P2Y12 reaction units (PRU) pre-dose and 2 hours post-dose at week 4 and week 5 after treatment start. Pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters will be measured at 2 hours post-dose at week 4, and pre-dose and at 2 hours post-dose at week 5. Biomarkers will be assessed pre-dose at week 4, week 5 and week 8. During the study, patients will be evaluated for adverse events (AEs) including bleeding and vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC).
: The objective is to evaluate the effect of administration of tadalafil on vasodilatation mediated by flow in patients with obesity grade I-II and erectil dysfunction. A double-blind clinical trial with randomization and control group will be carried out. Male patients aged 25-60 years, BMI ≥30, without comorbidities will be included. They should not be under treatment with iPDE5 or statins, nor should they have uncontrolled ischemic heart disease. To carry out this test, two groups will be created: the first will receive a single dose of tadalafil 20 mg orally and the second will receive 20 mg of calcined magnesia (placebo),after a single administration, 24 hours later the investigators are going to evaluate vasodilatation mediated by. In addition, they will have a metabolic profile at the beginning.

For the analysis of results the statistical program SPSS version 21 for Windows will be used. The results will be expressed in averages and standard deviation and normality tests will be applied such as Kolmogorov Smirnof, Shapiro Wilk, as well as the Willcoxon and U Mann Whitney test.