anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
NEW MATERIAL:The carboxylic acid of formula I (R is alkyl other than methyl; A is single bond or O), its salt or its cyclized lactone. EXAMPLE:Rhizoxin butanoic acid ester 5b-carboxylic acid. USE:Antitumor agent. PREPARATION:For example, the compound of formula II is made to react with the halide of the carboxylic acid of formula RCOOH preferably in an inert organic solvent in the presence of an acid acceptor (e.g. NaOH) usually at -10-+130 deg.C. If necessary, the resultant compound is made to react with a base and the obtained salt is optionally brought into contact with an acid.
In a teratology study of acetylcysteine in the rabbit, oral doses of 500 mg/kg/day (2.6 times the human mucolytic dose) were administered to pregnant does by intubation on days 6 through 16 of gestation. Acetylcysteine was found to be nonteratogenic under the conditions of the study.

In the rabbit, two groups (one of 14 and one of 16 pregnant females) were exposed to an aerosol of 10% acetylcysteine and 0.05% isoproterenol hydrochloride for 30 and 35 minutes twice a day from the 6th through the 18th day of pregnancy. No teratogenic effects were observed among the offspring.

Teratology and a perinatal or postnatal toxicity study in rats were performed with a combination of acetylcysteine and isoproterenol administered by the inhalation route. In the rat, two groups of 25 pregnant females each were exposed to the aerosol for 30 and 35 minutes, respectively, twice a day from the 6th through the 15th day of gestation. No teratogenic effects were observed among the offspring.

In the pregnant rat (30 rats per group), twice-daily exposure to an aerosol of acetylcysteine and isoproterenol for 30 or 35 minutes from the 15th day of gestation through the 21st day postpartum was without adverse effect on dams or newborns.

Reproduction studies of acetylcysteine with isoproterenol have been performed in rats and of acetylcysteine alone in rabbits at doses up to 2.6 times the human dose. These have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to acetylcysteine. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies may not always be predictive of human responses, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.
This is Phase 2, multi-center, open-label, four-cohort study in subjects with pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Each cohort of four subjects will receive a single dose of inhaled treprostinil sodium. Cohorts will be enrolled sequentially, starting with the lowest dose of 18 mcg. Each cohort escalate by 18 mcg increments, resulting in four cohorts of 18, 36, 54, and 72 mcg doses. Decisions to escalate to the next dose cohort will be based upon the data from the previous completed lower dose cohort of four subjects. Approximately 16 subjects are expected to receive study drug,and approximately four center in the United States with expertise in IPF will participate in this study.
Subjects will receive placebo 3 day before injection of LPS (150 mg tid) and a single oral dose of 150 mg of placebo the morning of LPS injection (07:00 AM). Subjects will then receive an oral dose of 150 mg placebo at 08:00 AM and another oral dose of 150 mg placebo at 1 hour before LPS administration (t=0).
At visit 1, participants will be instructed to consume 2 capsules (containing the placebo: vegetable based cellulose) immediately before consuming a standardized meal. Within 8 weeks, at visit 2, participants will be instructed to consume 2 capsules (containing the calcium carbonate, 1200 mg total) immediately before consuming a standardized meal.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a dental photo-curing type filling material useful for a dental cavity lining material, a dental covering and packing material, etc., capable of improving stability and photo-curing properties, by adding a specific filler to a system comprising a radically polymerizable monomer and a photosensitizer. SOLUTION: A photo-curing filling material is mixed with tricalcium phosphate as a filler. The blending ratio is 2-60wt.%, especially 10-40wt.% based on the whole amount. Di(methacryloxy ethyl)trimethylhexamethylene diurethane is used as the radically polymerizable monomer and the amount of the monomer blended is about 20-70wt.%. Camphorquinone is used as the photosensitizer and the amount of camphorquinone blended is <= about 1wt.%. Alpha Type tricalcium phosphate is especially preferable as the tricalcium phosphate with respect to release ability of calcium ion.
The natural history of neurocognitive impairment in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals remains poorly understood. While the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has led to a decreased incidence of the most severe form of HIV associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), HIV-associated dementia, it does not appear to have impacted overall prevalence of HAND. Existing evidence suggests that the central nervous system (CNS) could be an important reservoir for HIV regardless of cumulative time on treatment. This 20 year multi-institute natural history protocol will identify approximately 500 HIV-infected individuals and 250 healthy volunteers for enrollment in multiple HAND studies at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Subjects will undergo a screening and evaluation assessment, which will include blood and urine collection, neuropsychological testing, Client Diagnostic Questionnaire (CDQ), and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with optional lumbar puncture and ophthalmology exam to repeat yearly for up to ten years.

The option to have a lumbar drain is only on the first visit and extended to HIV positive individuals only. Participants will have the option of doing a positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging if they have previously had a PET/CT scan under this study. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers of immune activation, chronic monocyte activation, cytomegalovirus/Epstein-Barr virus (CMV/EBV) infection/reactivation, and neuronal injury will be collected. In addition, HIV viral load and genotype, genetic susceptibility factors and CNS penetration-effectiveness score (CPE) and CSF levels of antiretroviral drugs may be assessed. A repository of cryopreserved biological samples will be developed and used for validation of candidate biomarkers in future studies. Collection and analysis of these data will not only enhance understanding of the CNS as a potential HIV reservoir in virally-controlled individuals but will further define the association among cortical thickness, biomarkers and neurocognitive function in an aging HIV-infected population.
It might be possible to increase immune responses or to induce new types of immune responses to HIV in some infected individuals by means of a vaccine, which could result in an immunological, virological or clinical benefit.

ORIGINAL DESIGN: Patients are randomized to one of five groups to receive, intramuscularly, one of four dosages of gp160 or hepatitis B vaccine as a control. Treatments are given at 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months and patients are followed for up to 2 years. Patients in any of the 5 groups will have the option of switching to another dosage group if an interim analysis at 6 months shows significant differences in patient response. AMENDED: 10/23/90 52 eligible patients are randomized to one of 6 study groups. Five groups of 8 individuals receive one of 4 dosage levels of gp160 (Groups A, B, C1, C2, and D), and 12 patients receive a single dosage level of hepatitis B vaccine as a control (Group E). Per 2/19/92 amendment, patients may elect to continue receiving vaccine beyond 12 months, with the doses given either every 3 months or every 6 months.
PURPOSE:To provide a carbonated drink effective as a peptic or a skin beautifying drug, by cutting KIDACHI-ALOE (Aloe arborescens Mill. var natalensis Berg.) to small pieces, adding same amount of water to the aloe, boiling the mixlture until the water is decreased to half, cooling the liquid, and adding glucose, honey, flavor, etc. and carbonated water to the product. CONSTITUTION:KIDACHI-ALOE is cut to small pieces, and added with same amount of water. The mixture is put into a pot or pipkin, etc., boiled until the water is decreased to half, and cooled. The decocted liquid is added with glucose, honey, etc., and with carbonated water, and mixed to obtain the objective carbonated drink. The drink is further added with a small amount of lemon juice as a flavor.
Mentis Plus+ Program was developed based in The Multifactorial Model of Positive Mental Health and its construction resulted from a systematic literature review and validation through focus group. The duration of the Mentis Plus+ program depends on the number of the six factors to be worked on. The Mentis Plus+ lasts at least 7 weeks (1 session per week, lasting 1 hour) and can work individually or in groups (2-12 people). There will be 2 initial sessions of 1 hour each and 3 sessions for each factor to work with duration of 1 hour. Still, a final session and a follow-up session (3-6 months after the program) will be held.
The safety and effectiveness of metformin hydrochloride tablets for the treatment of type 2 diabetes have been established in pediatric patients ages 10 to 16 years (studies have not been conducted in pediatric patients below the age of 10 years). Use of metformin hydrochloride tablets in this age group is supported by evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies of metformin hydrochloride tablets in adults with additional data from a controlled clinical study in pediatric patients ages 10 to 16 years with type 2 diabetes, which demonstrated a similar response in glycemic control to that seen in adults. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Pediatric Clinical Studies. ) In this study, adverse effects were similar to those described in adults. (See ADVERSE REACTIONS: Pediatric Patients. ) A maximum daily dose of 2000 mg is recommended. (See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION: Recommended Dosing Schedule: Pediatrics. )
This is a randomized controlled and single-center study. The universe of the research consisted of nursing students who applied for counseling within the scope of the announcement made on the department web page. The research will be carried out in a state university, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing between February 22, 2022 - December 23, 2022. In the study, the assignment of students to the intervention and control groups was made by simple randomization. Participant Information Form, Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, Self-Confidence Scale and Assertiveness Inventory will be used to collect the data of the study. Data collection tools will be applied three times simultaneously with the control group as a pre-test at the beginning of the study, as a post-test at the last session of the intervention group ( 2 month), and as a follow-up test 6 months after the last session of the intervention group.
Participants will receive 8 weeks of VR-treatment. Participants are allowed to practice as much as they wish during the VR-intervention. However, they are given a recommendation of the amount of practice (5 h / week). Before the VR-intervention, the participants will receive a guidance for using the VR-devices (i.e. orientation period) by the SLT. Participants will be able to contact the SLT freely during the 8 weeks VR-intervention period. After the orientation period, the participants will be practicing at their homes independently. However, they will receive remote guidance by the SLT. The guidance includes weekly remote guidance sessions by SLT (8 x 45 min) to ensure that training is fluent and unproblematic. Additionally, the content of exercises can be modified during these sessions. The SLT is also able to monitor the training of participants with the system. Devices: VR headset and controller, Tablet computer.
Methods: This study aims to validate a short clinical screening grid for syndromic forms of schizophrenia linked to a pathogenic Copy Variation Number (CNV). The investigators plan to include 150 patients with defined (DSM V) schizophrenia and aged 15 years and more. The clinical grid will be prospectively fulfilled for every patients on the basis of his/her medical history and clinical examination. Array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH-a) will be performed on jugal mucosae sample to detect precisely syndromic forms of schizophrenia linked to the presence of a pathogenic Copy Number Variation (CNV).

In subjects with no CNV that may explain the onset of schizophrenia, the investigators would like to complete the investigations with exome trio sequencing. With this type of very clinical approach, the investigators wish to determine which semiological elements should alert the psychiatrists as to the presence of a syndromic form. The objective is to propose at the end of this study a simple and reliable scale, usable in psychiatry consultation, to guide the genetic screening of forms of syndromic schizophrenia.
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that is widespread throughout the world and is caused by pathogenic strains of leptospires. It affects more than one million people each year with a patient mortality rate that remains high despite treatment with antibiotics. The inventors evaluated the effects of a TLR7/8 (i.e. R848) agonist in an acute infection murine model of leptospirosis. Strikingly, intraperitoneal administration of the agonist keeps alive mice infected with lethal doses of leptospires. In addition, the agonist strongly inhibits the early proliferation of leptospires as well as their late colonization of the kidneys. In vitro studies show that R848 stimulates ROS production in mouse whole blood and potentiates the production of ROS induced by powerful activators of the oxidative burst. In purified mouse leukocytes, as in human neutrophils, R848 stimulates basal ROS production and potentiates ROS production induced by PMA or leptospires. However, prolonged exposure of human neutrophils to leptospires leads to desensitization of neutrophils characterized by low production of superoxide anion secondarily stimulated by the fMLP. This adverse effect of leptospires is reversed in neutrophils treated with R848. Treatment of mice with R848 also stimulated ROS production by peritoneal neutrophils from mice infected by leptospires. In conclusion, these results show that TLR7/8 agonists can promote the production of antibacterial oxidants in the whole blood of mice and indicate that such compounds would be suitable for treating early infection, which drastically reduces renal colonization by leptospires.
The August 2023 article in Science Signaling, "TGF-β uncouples glycolysis and inflammation in macrophages and controls survival during sepsis," challenges the traditional M1/M2 macrophage classification by investigating the impact of transforming growth factor β on macrophage metabolism and function. Despite its conventional anti-inflammatory role, transforming growth factor β-treated macrophages exhibit a distinct phenotype marked by heightened glycolysis, suppressed proinflammatory cytokines, and increased coagulation factor expression. The study identifies phosphofructokinase, liver type as a crucial glycolytic enzyme regulated by transforming growth factor β via the mTOR-c-MYC pathway. Epigenetic changes induced by transforming growth factor β, such as increased Smad3 activation and reduced proinflammatory transcription factor motif enrichment, contribute to the anti-inflammatory profile. The research extends its implications to sepsis, revealing the role of transforming growth factor β in exacerbating coagulation and reducing survival in mouse models. This effect involves upregulation of coagulation factor F13A1, dependent on phosphofructokinase, liver type activity and glycolysis in macrophages. Connections to COVID-19 pathology are drawn, as transforming growth factor β-treated macrophages and SARS-CoV-2 E protein-exposed cells display similar metabolic profiles. Bioinformatic analysis of COVID-19 patient data suggests correlations between myeloid expression of TGFβR1, PFKL, and F13A1 with disease severity. The study challenges the M1/M2 classification, emphasizing the complexity of macrophage responses influenced by transforming growth factor β, proposing transforming growth factor β as a potential therapeutic target for conditions like sepsis and COVID-19 where dysregulated coagulation is significant. Overall, the research provides valuable insights into transforming growth factor β-mediated immunometabolic regulation, paving the way for future investigations and potential therapeutic interventions.
The mechanisms underlying the formation of necrotic regions within avascular tumors are complex and poorly understood. In this paper, we investigate the formation of a necrotic core in a 3D tumor cell culture within a microfluidic device, considering oxygen, nutrients, and the microenvironment acidification by means of a computational-mathematical model. Our objective is to simulate cell processes, including proliferation and death inside a microfluidic device, according to the microenvironmental conditions. We employed approximation utilizing finite element models taking into account glucose, oxygen, and hydrogen ions diffusion, consumption and production, as well as cell proliferation, migration and death, addressing how tumor cells evolve under different conditions. The resulting mathematical model was examined under different scenarios, being capable of reproducing cell death and proliferation under different cell concentrations, and the formation of a necrotic core, in good agreement with experimental data reported in the literature. This approach not only advances our fundamental understanding of necrotic core formation but also provides a robust computational platform to study personalized therapeutic strategies, offering an important tool in cancer research and treatment design.
SIGNIFICANCE: Evaluate a photodynamic therapy (PDT) protocol for low-risk basal cell carcinoma (BCC) treatment that requires less time spent at the hospital and is less painful.
APPROACH: Eight BCCs were selected, debulked, and received 20 % methyl aminolevulinate cream. After 3 h, the first irradiation was performed at the hospital (20 min, 150 J/cm2). Then, the cream was re-applied, and a portable irradiation prototype was fixed to the skin around the lesion. After 1.5 h, the patients turned on the prototype for irradiation at home (for 2 h, totalizing 312 J/cm2). Disease-free survival rate and pain score during irradiations were evaluated.
RESULTS: The clearance at 30 days after PDT was 87.5 % by histological analysis. The mean follow-up was 21.5 months and the recurrence-free survival at 22 months was 75 %. The pain score was significantly lower at home.
CONCLUSIONS: A potentially less painful and more comfortable PDT treatment protocol with proven long-term efficiency is presented. A randomized clinical trial has been conducted to confirm these results.
The present invention provides a new inclusion complexes which are stable in their so-lid state formed of SIN-1A and cyclodextrins or cyclodextrin derivatives and optionally also containing ions as catalyst or stabilizer. The complexes release nitric oxide at room temperature upon dissolving in water or aqueous systems. The ions are preferably carboxylic acid anions such as acetate, formiate, propionate, ascorbinate, tartarate and/or lactate and/or inorganic acid anions such as phosphate, phosphite, borate, carbonate, hydrocarbonate, sulfate, sulfite and/or cations such as alkali and/or ammonium. Pharmaceutical compositions as well as kits containing the complexes. The kits are to be used as NO-liberating standards to release NO in a predictable amount and rate on dissolving in aqueous media. Processes for the preparation of the complexes by subjecting at a suitable pH SIN-1 to the catalytic action of ions to shift the equilibrium towards formation of SIN-1A in the presence of cyclodextrins or cyclodextrin derivatives capable to form inclusion complexes, whereby the SIN-1A formed is immediately complexed and stabilized and isolating in the solid state the obtained new complexes optionally containing ions. A preferred process includes reacting SIN-1 and a cyclodextrin or cyclodextrin derivative in the solid state in the presence of a salt as a catalyst by thoroughly admixing or milling the components together or by freeze drying an aqueous, oxygen-free solution containing the components, followed preferably by ''second drying'' in vacuo.
All subjects complete the same exercise session. At 9:00pm, subject's basal rate is decreased by 20% for six hours.
Glaucoma is one of the most common causes of blindness in the industrialized nations. For a long time glaucoma has been defined as a disease in which high intraocular pressure (IOP) leads to irreversible optic disc damage and subsequent visual field loss. However, recent investigations show that IOP is not the only factor that is involved in the glaucomatous process leading to retinal ganglion cell death. The role of vascular factors in the pathogenesis of glaucoma has recently received much attention based on animal experiments and epidemiological studies. Genes with products that are involved in the regulation of blood flow to ocular tissues may also be considered plausible candidates as a contributory factor in the development of glaucoma. Little is, however, known about a potential association between glaucomatous optic neuropathy and glaucomatous visual field defects and optic nerve head blood flow in patients with progressive open angle glaucoma (OAG). The current study seeks to gain insight into this association by assessing ocular blood flow parameters with a number of noninvasive technologies.
Eph receptors are the largest subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases, and they have been shown to play a crucial role in glioma. The EphB3 receptor is a member of this family, and its effect on the invasion, migration and proliferation of glioma cells was examined in this study. It was found that the expression of EphB3 was decreased in glioma specimens with increasing tumor grade. Additionally, the U87MG and U251 cell lines showed low levels of EphB3 expression. This finding was consistent with the negative correlation between EphB3 expression in glioma tissues and tumor grade. Depletion of EphB3 gene in U87MG and U251 cell lines resulted in a substantial enhancement of their invasion, migration, and proliferation capacities in vitro. Furthermore, the knockdown of EphB3 led to an upregulation of EGFR, p-PI3K, and p-AKT protein levels. On the other hand, EphB3 overexpression reduced the invasiveness, proliferative capacity and migration rate of U87MG and U251 cells, and downregulated EGFR, p-PI3K and p-AKT. These findings indicate that EphB3 functions as a tumor suppressor in glioma, and its downregulation enhances the malignant potential of glioma cells by activating the EGFR-PI3K/AKT pathway. Thus, EphB3 is a promising diagnostic marker for glioma, and the EphB3-EGFR-PI3K / AKT axis deserves further investigation as a potential therapeutic target.