anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The diagnostic value of liver biopsy has been confirmed in patients with abnormal liver test results; however, little data are available on its application in patients with portal hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the utility of liver biopsy for the etiological diagnosis of unexplained portal hypertension, and explore the clinical and pathological characteristics of each etiology. A retrospective observational analysis was conducted on 1367 patients who underwent liver biopsy at the Second Hospital of Nanjing from 2017 to 2019. Of these, 188 patients with unexplained portal hypertension were enrolled. The clinical and pathological characteristics were collected and reassessed in a multidisciplinary team meeting. Among these patients, 174 (92.6%, 174/188) had a definite etiological diagnosis through liver biopsy. The main etiologies were autoimmune hepatitis in 47 patients (25%, 47/188), autoimmune hepatitis-primary biliary cirrhosis overlap syndrome in 41 patients (21.8%, 41/188), and porto-sinusoidal vascular disease (PSVD) in 40 patients (21.3%, 40/188). Compared to liver cirrhosis, PSVD patients were younger and the liver function damage of which was subtler. The widths of portal vein diameter were widest in PSVD but the liver stiffness measurement were almost normal. Splenomegaly was common in PSVD, but ascites were less frequent than in autoimmune hepatitis (25.0% vs 51.1%, P = .013). Based on the histological patterns, we found that cholestatic liver diseases such as primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune hepatitis-primary biliary cirrhosis overlap syndrome, and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis could lead to non-cirrhotic portal hypertension, while vascular liver diseases such as PSVD and Budd-Chiari syndrome could also show fibrous proliferation as the disease progresses. Liver biopsy is safe and valuable for etiological diagnosis of unexplained portal hypertension. Cirrhosis is the leading cause of portal hypertension, and porto-sinusoidal vascular diseases should also be considered. Clinical features may be helpful in suggesting the cause; however, pathological examination is still indispensable for disease diagnosis and progression assessment.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled medicinal drink containing gamma-linolenic acid or gamma-linolenic acid ester, exhibiting preventive effect to cardiac diseases, hypertension, etc., alleviating crapulence and premenstrual syndrome and useful as a nutrient source for the remedy of health disorder. CONSTITUTION:The objective drink can be produced by using gamma-linolenic acid or a gamma-linolenic acid ester as an active component. A prescribed amount of the active component is added to a saturated or super-saturated aqueous solution of cyclodextrin and the mixture is stirred for several tens min - several hours to obtain a clathrate compound as a precipitate, which is added to a medicinal drink. The cyclodextrin is preferably alpha-cyclodextrin or beta-cyclodextrin. The content of the active component in the liquid is abount 0.01-1wt%. gamma-Linolenic acid is found in breast milk and evening primrose seed oil, however, it is produced from an oil or fat obtained by culturing a microbial strain belonging to Mortiella genus in a medium containing glucose, etc., as a carbon source.
BACKGROUND: Sudden unexplained death (SUD) is a devastating event in the young. Despite efforts to identify causal genetic variants, many cases remain unexplained after genetic screening. This study aimed to investigate an alternative potential contributor to SUD by studying the human methylome using the MethylationEPIC v2.0 BeadChip kit in heart tissue from SUD cases. The genome-wide methylation results of the SUD cases were compared to the results of a control cohort. The SUD cases were divided into three main groups based on their autopsy reports, heart morphology and histopathology (primaryN: macroscopically and histologically normal heart; primaryCM: macroscopically or histologically abnormal heart, suspected cardiomyopathies; and secondary: myocardial damage due to other underlying conditions). The main focus of this study was to identify differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between the case groups and the control cohort.
RESULTS: We identified DMRs for both the primaryN and primaryCM groups, whereas the secondary group yielded no such results. In the primaryN cases, the corresponding genes for each DMR led to the identification of genes with common biological pathways. Some were associated with heart morphology (e.g. heart outflow tract morphogenesis or trabecular morphogenesis), but the majority belonged to more general cellular regulatory pathways (e.g. transcription coactivator activity, long non-coding RNAs, etc.). Although no common pathways were found for the primaryCM group, some common regulatory molecular functions were identified, such as p53 binding and transcription coactivator activity.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study is the first to investigate the whole human methylome in heart tissue of SUD cases. We propose that there are observable differences in the methylation patterns of the case groups that may have contributed to SUD. Still, further studies are required to improve our understanding of the impact of methylation levels on SUD risk and to pinpoint methylation-based screening opportunities for SUD relatives.
PURPOSE: A composition using material preventing or treating DNA damage caused by melamine is provided to detoxify harmful melamine. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating DNA damage caused by melamine(1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine) toxicity contains extract of red ginseng, acanthopanax, green tea polyphenol, or cathodic electrolyzed water. The electric potential of the cathodic electrolyzed water is -1000 to -100mV. The extract is isolated using water, low alcohol of C1-C4, or mixture thereof. The electrolyzed water is solution in which pH or oxidation-reduction potential is regulated. The composition is used in the form of liquid, syrup, capsule, granule, powder, ointment, emulsion, gel, or cream.
Rectal cancer is more frequent in men than in women and is relatively uncommon before the age of 50. The prognosis for rectal cancer has improved over the last decades2. Almost 60% of all patients survive more than five years, and because of advances in early detection and treatment, this number is expected to increase in the future1. Treatment of rectal cancer varies depending on the stage of the disease at diagnosis. For some patients, operation is the only treatment. For others, surgery is combined with radiotherapy, chemotherapy or both. The two most common operative procedures are the sphincter-preserving anterior resection (AR) and the abdominoperineal resection (APR) - the latter results in a permanent colostomy. Patients with generalised disease at diagnosis receive palliative treatment, which may include chemotherapy and radiotherapy as well as surgery.

Rectal cancer comes with a high risk of local recurrence, i.e. return of the tumour within the pelvis after a presumed curative resection. Local recurrence is difficult to treat and often very painful and distressing for the patient. Some local recurrences will be candidates for second line surgery, as is also true for some distant metastases.

The aim of the QoLiRECT study is to increase the knowledge about symptoms, functional impairments, quality of life (QoL) and psychological and socioeconomic burden in an unselected population of rectal cancer patients. Symptoms such as incontinence, pain, fatigue and impaired sexual function3 are common with this disease. Bodily changes, caused by the treatment or the disease itself, may lead to functional impairments and psychological, social, emotional and economical restraints. Conventional outcome measures such as morbidity and survival reveal little about these things.
This study aimed to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model (PBPK/PD) of meropenem for critically ill patients. A PBPK model of meropenem in healthy adults was established using PK-Sim software and subsequently extrapolated to critically ill patients based on anatomic and physiological parameters. The mean fold error (MFE) and geometric mean fold error (GMFE) methods were used to compare the differences between predicted and observed values of pharmacokinetic parameters Cmax, AUC0-∞, and CL to evaluate the accuracy of the PBPK model. The model was verified using meropenem plasma samples obtained from Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients, which were determined by HPLC-MS/MS. After that, the PBPK model was combined with a PKPD model, which was developed based on f%T > MIC. Monte Carlo simulation was utilized to calculate the probability of target attainment (PTA) in patients. The developed PBPK model successfully predicted the meropenem disposition in critically ill patients, wherein the MFE average and GMFE of all predicted PK parameters were within the 1.25-fold error range. The therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of meropenem was conducted with 92 blood samples from 31 ICU patients, of which 71 (77.17%) blood samples were consistent with the simulated value. The TDM results showed that meropenem PBPK modeling is well simulated in critically ill patients. Monte Carlo simulations showed that extended infusion and frequent administration were necessary to achieve curative effect for critically ill patients, whereas excessive infusion time (> 4 h) was unnecessary. The PBPK/PD modeling incorporating literature and prospective study data can predict meropenem pharmacokinetics in critically ill patients correctly. Our study provides a reference for dose adjustment in critically ill patients.
The present invention discloses a water external applied Chinese medicine preparation for treating burns and scalds and a method for preparing the Chinese medicine preparation. The Chinese medicine preparation is composed of medicine micro powder and boiled water. The Chinese medicine preparation of the present invention has the medicine micro powder of the weight proportion: 40 to 50 portions of phellodendron bark, 15 to 20 portions of coptis, 15 to 20 portions of skullcap, 10 to 11 portions of astragalus roots, 1 to 5 portions of realgar and 5 to 8 portions of bezoar. The Chinese medicine preparation of the present invention has the weight ratio of 1: 200 to 300, between the medicine micro powder and water. The present invention has the preparing method comprises: stocking, milling, micronizing and processing. The Chinese medicine preparation of the present invention has the characteristics of convenient operation, instant pain alleviation and rapid healing and has no scar, no infection, no pyemia and no medicine resistance.
A method for treating a cancer includes administration of an endotoxin to a patient at least a portion of whose neoplastic cells express the CD14 surface receptor. The endotoxin can be administered concurrently or sequentially with a binding protein capable of binding the endotoxin and, for example, where the endotoxin is a lipopolysaccharide or a nontoxic portion of a lipopolysaccharide, it may for example be administered concurrently with a lipopolysaccharide binding protein. Also, the method including a step of first determining whether a portion of the patient's neoplastic cells express the CD14 surface receptor and, if not, administering to the patient prior to or concurrently with the endotoxin a cytokine. Also, a composition for treating a cancer, that includes an endotoxin in combination with at least one cytokine. Administration of the composition can provide more effective treatment of cancers than administration of a composition containing one or more cytokines alone. The method of the invention, and administration of the composition according to the invention can induce autocrine and paracrine suppression of growth by leukemic cells, and thus can be particularly effective for treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia.
Hyperkalemia may be fatal. It is critical to monitor and manage serum potassium in patients with severe heart failure receiving spironolactone. Avoid using other potassium-sparing diuretics. Avoid using oral potassium supplements in patients with serum potassium > 3.5 mEq/L. The randomized spironolactone evaluation study excluded patients with a serum creatinine > 2.5 mg/dL or a recent increase in serum creatinine > 25%. The recommended monitoring for potassium and creatinine is one week after initiation or increase in dose of spironolactone, monthly for the first 3 months, then quarterly for a year, and then every 6 months. Discontinue or interrupt treatment for serum potassium > 5 mEq/L or for serum creatinine > 4 mg/dL. (See CLINICAL STUDIES, Severe Heart Failure, and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, Severe Heart Failure.)

Spironolactone should be used with caution in patients with impaired hepatic function because minor alterations of fluid and electrolyte balance may precipitate hepatic coma.

Lithium generally should not be given with diuretics (see PRECAUTIONS: Drug Interactions).
The invention discloses an NMN liposome modified by cinnamic acid and lipoic acid co-grafted chitosan, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in preparing health-care food. The invention coats NMN in liposome, and uses cinnamic acid and lipoic acid to graft chitosan to modify the surface of the liposome. The lipoic acid is grafted so that the NMN liposome has a slow release effect. The cinnamic acid and the lipoic acid are grafted, so that the absorption capacity of the cells to NMN is improved. The modified liposome has dimensional stability. The liposome of the invention is beneficial to the popularization and application of NMN in the field of human health care.
The function of CD8 cells in the human body is to kill infected target cells, such as HIV infected cells. Recent data suggest that intravenous administration of HIV-specific CD8 cells is safe, augments host immunity, and mediates a dramatic reduction in circulating HIV-infected CD4 cells. However, the observed antiviral effects are transient, and HIV infected CD4 cells re-emerge as the number of self CD8 cells declines. Augmenting CD8 cell response to HIV by immunotherapy with CD8 cells may be a useful addition to drug therapy if the infused CD8 cells can survive long-term in vivo. Administration of interleukin-2 (also known as aldesleukin or IL-2), a naturally occurring cytokine, has been proposed as a way to maintain the number of CD8 cells. This study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of immunotherapy with HIV-specific CD8 cells in HIV infected patients. Additionally, this study will determine if aldesleukin injections improve the persistence of self CD8 transplants and the duration of antiviral activity without severe toxicity.

This study will last 18 months. CD8 cells will be isolated from the blood of HIV infected patients; the cells will be allowed to multiply in the laboratory, and patients will receive back their CD8 cells. Patients will receive up to 3 infusions of self CD8 cells. On Day 0, patients will receive their first infusion of CD8 cells. On Day 7, patients will receive their second infusion of CD8 cells; this infusion will be followed by 14 days of aldesleukin administered daily by injection under the skin. Patients with less than a Grade 2 toxicity will receive a third infusion of CD8 cells; this infusion will be followed by 21 days of aldesleukin.
Participants randomized to the ACT condition will be provided with the opportunity to attend 4 ACT sessions. The treatment protocol is adapted from and virtually identical to that presented in Gaudiano and Herbert (2006). Each ACT session will serve as a standalone session, with all essential elements of the treatment briefly presented. Participants in the ACT condition will also receive treatment as usual.
There have been postmarketing reports of severe diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting associated with the use of apremilast. Most events occurred within the first few weeks of treatment. In some cases, patients were hospitalized. Patients 65 years of age or older and patients taking medications that can lead to volume depletion or hypotension may be at a higher risk of complications from severe diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting. Monitor patients who are more susceptible to complications of diarrhea or vomiting. Patients who reduced dosage or discontinued apremilast generally improved quickly. Consider apremilast dose reduction or suspension if patients develop severe diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting.
OBJECTIVE: To establish an animal model of oral squamous cell carcinoma invading the mandible through multi-sample experiments that verified the stability, repeatability, tumorigenicity and mandible destruction rate of the model.
METHODS: Oral squamous cell carcinoma cell suspension was injected into the outer side of the mandible through the anterior edge of the masseter muscle of naked mice to observe the tumourforming process. Then, the anatomical, histological and imaging examinations were carried out to determine whether the tumour had invaded the mandible. By comparing the tumour growth of multiple groups of various squamous cell carcinoma cells (CAL27, HN6 and HN30 cells), the changes in body weight and characteristics of tumour formation were compared, and the experience was summarised to further verify the stability, repeatability, tumour formation rate and arch damage rate of the model.
RESULTS: The subsequent specimens of tumour-bearing nude mice were validated once the model had been established. In vitro, tumour tissue wrapped around the mandible's tumour-bearing side, and the local texture was tough with no resistance to acupuncture. Haematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that squamous cells were infiltrating the mandible in both the horizontal and sagittal planes. Microcomputed tomography results showed that the mandible on the tumour-bearing side displayed obvious erosion damage. Cell lines with various passage rates clearly had diverse tumour-bearing life cycles.
CONCLUSION: This study successfully established an animal model of oral squamous cell carcinoma invasion of the mandible. The model has excellent biological stability, repeatability, tumorigenesis rate and mandible destruction rate.
PCT No. PCT/FR93/01295 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 19, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 19, 1994 PCT Filed Dec. 23, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/14414 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 7, 1994A cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition containing a synergistically active oxidation inhibiting system consisting of a combination of a ginkgo extract and at least one polyphenol compound. For example, the ginkgo extract may be a hexane extract of ginkgo leaves and the polyphenol compound may be a flavonoid. Said composition may be used to prevent and treat cell damage on the skin, scalp or mucosae by free radicals induced especially by atmospheric pollutants and/or ultraviolet radiation, and/or for controlling the phenomenon of accelerated skin ageing.
In Brazil, several kidney diseases have unknown etiological diagnosis, among them, hereditary renal diseases. The lack of technical-scientific knowledge and patients' access to the health service hinder the correct diagnosis, so that hundreds of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are unaware of the origin of their kidney problems. The objective of this REGENT study (Renal epidemiology and genetics in Niteroi) is to identify and characterize the cases of possible inheritance of CKD in patients undergoing dialysis or kidney transplant treatment in the metropolitan region II of the state of Rio de Janeiro. In this metropolitan region, based in the city of Niteroi, there are 10 hemodialysis clinics accounting for approximately 1500 - 1800 patients. There is a central Hospital that works as an official reference center for all those CKD patients (Hospital Universitario Antonio Pedro). This hospital belongs to the Universidade Federal Fluminense, an academic research institution, where this project will be executed. There is also a kidney transplant unit working at the Hospital Universitario Antonio Pedro. Interviews, sociodemographic and clinical data collection will be performed in patients with CKD from these centers. The interview contains questions about family CKD: Does any family member undergo hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis? Does any family member do/did conservative treatment for CKD? Has any family member had a kidney transplant? Has any family member died due to chronic kidney disease? In cases of any affirmative answer to one of the above questions, patients will be classified as a "family index case". The cases of familial kidney disease caused by diabetes, and polycystic kidney disease will be excluded. So, the remaining cases will be considered as "index cases" to be more described and characterized. In this way, an affirmative response to the survey will create a group of familial CKD, and it will allow us to identify them as a suspected genetic kidney disease. These patients will be analyzed as a group, and clinical histories and blood tests to genetic renal diseases will also be performed, when possible, depending on the availability. From these identified index cases, we will try to create familiar clinical description of each individual in every family. A new outpatient section is being created at the Hospital Universitario Antonio Pedro to take multidisciplinary care of the relatives and entire families in a special type of family primary care.
Individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) suffer from anxiety, reduced pleasure from normally rewarding situations (anhedonia), and disturbed body image. However, restriction of calories from their morbid fear of weight gain, resulting in starvation, typically brings them to attention and has been the primary focus of most treatments and many research studies. Yet, treatments have largely been inadequate, with remission rates less than 25%. Anhedonia and disturbances in reward may be important targets of new treatment approaches. Those with AN report little pleasure in food consumption, social domains, and pursuit of novelty and fun. Neuroimaging studies demonstrate disturbances in reward circuits in response to food- and body-related stimuli and monetary rewards, but results are inconsistent. This may be due to confounding effects of anxiety triggered by symptom-related stimuli. Further, a fundamental process of the overall reward response that has not been studied in AN is reward learning - how one's brain learns to associate stimuli with the experience of reward ("appetitive Pavlovian conditioning"). To investigate this, the investigators will enroll 30 underweight individuals with AN, 30 with weight-restored AN, and 30 healthy controls ages 12-22 to perform a reward conditioning paradigm. The investigators will use infant laughter, a social reward with robust effects that is unlikely to be confounded by other co-occurring symptoms. To understand associated neural activity and physiological responses, the investigators will perform conditioning and examine reinstatement 24-hours later, while obtaining functional magnetic resonance imaging, heart rate deceleration, and pupil dilation data, in addition to subjective degrees of positive experience. Data from underweight and weight-restored AN will further allow us to probe starvation state-related effects. Results will advance our understanding of how reward stimuli are learned and the associated aberrant neural or physiological markers. This will yield a comprehensive mechanistic understanding of hedonic functioning in AN to rationally inform future novel treatment development.