anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
AirDuo Digihaler should not be initiated in patients during rapidly deteriorating or potentially life‑threatening episodes of asthma. AirDuo Digihaler has not been studied in subjects with acutely deteriorating asthma. The initiation of AirDuo Digihaler in this setting is not appropriate.

Serious acute respiratory events, including fatalities, have been reported when salmeterol, a component of AirDuo Digihaler, has been initiated in patients with significantly worsening or acutely deteriorating asthma. In most cases, these have occurred in patients with severe asthma (e.g., patients with a history of corticosteroid dependence, low pulmonary function, intubation, mechanical ventilation, frequent hospitalizations, previous life‑threatening acute asthma exacerbations) and in some patients with acutely deteriorating asthma (e.g., patients with significantly increasing symptoms; increasing need for inhaled, short‑acting beta2‑agonists; decreasing response to usual medications; increasing need for systemic corticosteroids; recent emergency room visits; deteriorating lung function). However, these events have occurred in a few patients with less severe asthma as well. It was not possible from these reports to determine whether salmeterol contributed to these events.

Increasing use of inhaled, short‑acting beta2‑agonists is a marker of deteriorating asthma. In this situation, the patient requires immediate reevaluation with reassessment of the treatment regimen, giving special consideration to the possible need for replacing the current strength of AirDuo Digihaler with a higher strength, adding additional inhaled corticosteroid, or initiating systemic corticosteroids. Patients should not use more than 1 inhalation twice daily of AirDuo Digihaler.

AirDuo Digihaler should not be used for the relief of acute symptoms, i.e., as rescue therapy for the treatment of acute episodes of bronchospasm. An inhaled, short‑acting beta2‑agonist, not AirDuo Digihaler, should be used to relieve acute symptoms such as shortness of breath. When prescribing AirDuo Digihaler, the healthcare provider should also prescribe an inhaled, short‑acting beta2-agonist (e.g., albuterol) for treatment of acute symptoms, despite regular twice‑daily use of AirDuo Digihaler.

When beginning treatment with AirDuo Digihaler, patients who have been taking oral or inhaled, short‑acting beta2‑agonists on a regular basis (e.g., 4 times a day) should be instructed to discontinue the regular use of these drugs.
TAK-071 80 milligram (mg), drug in capsule (DIC), orally, Day 1, followed by scopolamine 0.5 mg, injection, subcutaneously, Day 2. TAK-071 will be taken 24 hours before scopolamine injection.
The active moiety of fenofibrate tablets is fenofibric acid. The pharmacological effects of fenofibric acid in both animals and humans have been extensively studied through oral administration of fenofibrate.

The lipid-modifying effects of fenofibric acid seen in clinical practice have been explained in vivo in transgenic mice and in vitro in human hepatocyte cultures by the activation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα). Through this mechanism, fenofibrate increases lipolysis and elimination of triglyceride-rich particles from plasma by activating lipoprotein lipase and reducing production of apoprotein C-III (an inhibitor of lipoprotein lipase activity). 

The resulting decrease in TG produces an alteration in the size and composition of LDL from small, dense particles (which are thought to be atherogenic due to their susceptibility to oxidation), to large buoyant particles. These larger particles have a greater affinity for cholesterol receptors and are catabolized rapidly. Activation of PPARα also induces an increase in the synthesis of apolipoproteins A-I, A-II, and HDL-cholesterol.

Fenofibrate also reduces serum uric acid levels in hyperuricemic and normal individuals by increasing the urinary excretion of uric acid.
This is a non-randomized, cohort study to measure the serum uptake of low dose oral ketamine in chronic pain patients. The SJHC pharmacy has a list of patients to whom they dispense oral ketamine. We plan to recruit fifteen patients from this patient group.

This is a pilot study and very little information is available to help with sample size calculations. We also plan to measure change in mean pain score from Day to Day 14 using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) This data will aid the design and calculation of sample size in future studies. Study Design: Days 1-7: Following informed consent, the patient's demographic information and initial assessment will be completed on Day 1 at the first visit. They will be allowed to continue all usual systemic analgesic medications. They will be given instructions on how to take the study medication and will be given a list of foods that could possibly induce or inhibit the enzyme, Cyp3A4 or Cyp2B6 (i.e. grapefruit or grapefruit juice). Subjects will be given a 7 day supply of 10 mg ketamine tablets. The patients will be instructed to take one ketamine tablet three times per day at specified times for seven days and to return to clinic on Day 7. They will be instructed not to take their morning dose of ketamine and to eat a light breakfast on Day 7. Upon arrival, the patients will complete the Brief Pain Inventory and side effects questionnaire. The patient will have a 20 gauge (saline locked) IV started in the antecubital fossa to allow for five blood samples: Time Zero, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. The first blood sample at Time 0 will be obtained just before the patient takes his/her oral dose of ketamine (trough concentration). The four remaining samples will be taken after the patient ingests his/her 10 mg ketamine dose. Time Activity Arrival Complete BPI, side effect questionnaire Time Zero Blood draw, then take 10mg oral ketamine dose 30 minutes post ingestion Blood draw 60 minutes post ingestion Blood draw 90 minutes post ingestion Blood draw 120 minutes post-ingestion Blood Draw Days 8-14: The subjects will be given a supply of 20 mg ketamine capsules and instructed to take them three times per day, at specified times, and to return to clinic on Day 14. The instructions and procedures at the second clinic visit will be the same as on Day 7.
Thirty patients with asthma aged 20-65 years were randomized into 3 groups: the control group (CON; n=10), the Circuit Breathing Training group (CBT; n=10), and the Swedish Massage prior to Circuit Breathing Training group (SBT; n=10). Participants in the CON group carried out their daily routine without receiving any training program. The CBT group received circuit breathing training sessions lasting thirty minutes each, three times a week for twelve weeks, while the SBT group received a Swedish massage (20 minutes) before circuit breathing exercises (30 minutes) three times a week for twelve weeks. Physiological data, pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, cytokine levels, Asthma Control Test scores, Visual Analogue Scale scores, chest expansion, and muscle flexibility variables were analyzed during the pre-test, post-test at 6 weeks, and post-tests at 12 weeks. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare the variables between each test and between groups. Statistical significance was defined as p \< .05.
The induction course was MAE(Mitoxantrone + Cytarabine + Etoposide) or IAE(Idamycin + Cytarabine + Etoposide). Risk-stratified therapy and dose-dense intensive chemotherapy were adopted in the consolidation therapy. After the second course of therapy, patients in remission were stratified into three risk groups: low-risk children were defined as those with t(8;21) and a white blood cell count lower than 50,000/L, inv(16), or an age younger than 2 years without any high-risk factors; high-risk children were those with CR after consolidation course 1 or induction C , or with abnormalities of monosomy 7, 5q-, t(16;21), t(9;22)(Philadelphia chromosome \[Ph1\]); intermediate-risk children were those who were not in either a low-risk or high-risk group. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was indicated for only relapsed patients in the second CR.
This study addresses the challenge of predicting mortality in sepsis among burn patients. Given the heterogeneity of sepsis, especially in the context of burn injuries, this study aims to identify reliable biomarkers for mortality prediction. The study is a retrospective review, focusing on the evaluation of various biomarkers and their changes over time in a burn patient cohort. Conducted in the Burn Intensive Care Unit of Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, the study involved a retrospective review of 1,659 adult burn patients from January 2010 to December 2022. Key biomarkers analyzed include lactate levels, pH, platelets, procalcitonin, and others. Advanced clustering methodologies, such as dynamic time warping and hierarchical clustering, were utilized to classify patients into distinct groups based on their biomarker profiles and clinical outcomes. The study identified four patient clusters with unique lactate level trajectories. Significant findings include the identification of procalcitonin, pH, and platelets as key predictors of mortality, with varying degrees of efficacy across different clusters. For instance, in the "Persistent Rise" cluster, pH and platelet count showed Area Under the Curve (AUC) values of 0.756 and 0.753, respectively, indicating their strong predictive power. The study concludes that a combination of biomarkers, especially lactate dynamics, can effectively predict mortality in burn-induced sepsis. The results advocate for a more personalized approach in managing sepsis in burn patients, considering the specific biomarker trajectories. These findings are crucial for enhancing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes in burn care.
Patients with CTPV treated with Montelukast (10mg, q.d., p.o.).
Participants will receive the standard Healthy Families America (HFA) home visitation curriculum delivered by trained home visitors. The HFA model meets the Department of Health and Human Services criteria for an "evidence-based early childhood home visiting service delivery model". HFA services begin prenatally and continue until children are 2-5yo. The curriculum focuses on strengthening parent-child relationships and family functioning, promoting positive child development, and linkage to community resources. Accredited home visitors are matched to families on cultural background and language, to provide culturally sensitive services. Home visitors receive weekly supervision, ongoing developmental training, and have limited caseloads (10-15 families) to meet their families' needs.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: prostate tissue is milled, extracted with acetic acid solution at the room temperature at periodic stirring for 18-24 h. Then raw is poured in tanks and subjected for a single freezing at (-5)-(-20) C followed by thawing. Tank content is filtered, cleared and subjected for ultrafiltration on diaphragms (threshold transmission is 10 kDa). The obtained ultrafiltrate is diluted with water up to the required polypeptide content and medicinal form is prepared. Yield of the end product is increased by 5-8-times from the raw unit. EFFECT: increased yield of peptides. 1 dwg
The early provision of soluble/insoluble fiber to the patient who is critically ill has been controversial in the past. Especially in the setting of hemodynamic instability, dysmotility, or impaired gastrointestinal transit, fear of inspissation of formula with precipitation of nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI)/nonocclusive bowel necrosis (NOBN) limited its utilization by medical and surgical intensivists. The incidence of NOMI/NOBN has been estimated at 0.2%-0.3% for all intensive care unit (ICU) patients receiving enteral nutrition (EN), and the occurrence of inspissated formula is even less. The science supporting a benefit from providing fiber has recently increased exponentially. The fermentation of soluble fibers leading to the production of short chain fatty acids supports gut barrier function, modulates immune responses, and promotes refaunation of commensal organisms. The "butyrate effect" refers to local (gastrointestinal tract) and systemic anti-inflammatory responses mediated by the M2 polarization of macrophages, inhibition of histone deacetylase, and stimulation of ubiquitous G protein receptors. Both soluble and insoluble fiber have been shown to promote intestinal motility, reduce feeding intolerance, and shorten hospital length of stay. The benefit of providing dietary fiber early upon admission to the ICU outweighs its minimal associated risk. The point at which the intensivist determines that is safe to initiate EN, both soluble and insoluble fiber should be included in the enteral formulation.
AIMS: To assess the agreement between left ventricular end-diastolic diameter index (LVEDDi) and volume index (LVEDVi) to define LV dilatation and to investigate the respective prognostic implications in patients with heart failure (HF).
METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with HF symptoms and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) < 50% undergoing cardiac magnetic resonance were evaluated retrospectively. LV dilatation was defined as LVEDDi or LVEDVi above the upper normal limit according to published reference values. Patients were followed up for the combined endpoint of cardiovascular death or HF hospitalization during 5 years. A total of 564 patients (median age 64 years; 79% men) were included. LVEDDi had a modest correlation with LVEDVi (r = 0.682, P < 0.001). LV dilatation was noted in 84% of patients using LVEDVi-based definition and in 73% using LVEDDi-based definition, whereas 20% of patients displayed discordant definitions of LV dilatation. During a median follow-up of 2.8 years, patients with both dilated LVEDDi and LVEDVi had the highest cumulative event rate (HR 3.00, 95% CI 1.15-7.81, P = 0.024). Both LVEDDi and LVEDVi were independently associated with the primary outcome (hazard ratio 3.29, 95%, P < 0.001 and 2.8, P = 0.009; respectively).
CONCLUSION: The majority of patients with HF and LVEF < 50% present both increased LVEDDi and LVEDVi whereas 20% show discordant linear and volumetric definitions of LV dilatation. Patients with increased LVEDDi and LVEDVi have the worst clinical outcomes suggesting that the assessment of these two metrics is needed for better risk stratification.
The emergence of cells with drug resistant and/or stem cell features might explain frequent relapses and the poor outcome of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). LSCs are heterogeneous for their phenotypes and their sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents in vivo. Using in silico and functional approaches, the inventors uncovered that CALCRL is overexpressed in LSCs compared with normal hematopoietic cells. They further demonstrated that the CALCRL ligand adrenomedullin (ADM) is highly expressed in AML cells and that increased transcript level was markedly associated with decreased complete remission rates, 5-year overall and event7free survival. The inventors also showed that CALCRL depletion strongly affected leukemic growth in vivo and increased mice survival. Targeting ADM phenocopies the biological and anti-leukemic effects of the CALCRL depletion. These data highlight the critical role of ADM and disclose a promising therapeutic target to specifically eradicate R-LSCs and overcome relapse in AML.
It is known that nutrition of very low birth-weight (VLBW, \<1500 g) neonates is as crucial as the treatments they receive in the neonatal intensive care unit to prevent problems that may develop in long-term follow-ups and increase their quality of life. VLBW neonates need parenteral nutrition as an energy source to ensure optimal growth, and lipid emulsion represents an indispensable part of total parenteral nutrition \[1\]. VLBW neonates with an underdeveloped immune system and antioxidant defense due to preterm birth are vulnerable to oxidative stress, which takes an important part in the development of diseases, e.g., chronic lung disease (CLD), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and intraventricular hemorrhage, which may increase the risk of morbidity \[2,3\]. Prematurity also causes the insufficient supply of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), most of which are transferred to the fetus during the third trimester of pregnancy \[4\]. These LC-PUFAs are essential and important for visual and cognitive development and reducing thrombotic and inflammatory responses \[5\].

The continuation of intrauterine growth and development in the extrauterine period without interruption may be possible by providing parenteral and enteral nutrition support in the early period and maintaining this support uninterruptedly \[6\]. Studies have proved that breast milk is the gold standard for feeding neonates under all conditions. However, despite its enormous benefits, unsupplemented breast milk can be nutritionally inadequate for preterm infants for various reasons. First, breast milk does not have a sufficient amount of some nutrients required to ensure the rapid growth of preterm infants \[7\], and nutrient concentrations can fluctuate over time. Of these, fat is one of the most variable nutrients \[8\]. Studies have demonstrated that there are temporal and interindividual differences according to the mother's diet, time of day, and breastfeeding duration (e.g., a richer fat content of hindmilk) \[9,10\]. When breast milk alone cannot meet these needs, it is recommended that special nutritional supplements in the form of powder or liquid be added to breast milk and given to the infant \[11\].

Due to its content, olive oil has antioxidant, cell regenerative, and anti-carcinogenic properties that help digestion \[12\]. There are clear pieces of evidence indicating that parenterally administered oil emulsions can be well tolerated by VLBW and even extremely low birth-weight infants from the first day and even from the first 1-2 hours of life \[13-15\]. The objective of the current research was to compare the nutritional status, weight gain, length of hospital stay, and the development of some complications (BPD, ROP, GIS intolerance, etc.) in preterm neonates who received and did not receive olive oil enterally for calorie support.
GLUCOVANCE is not recommended for use during pregnancy. The initial and maintenance dosing of GLUCOVANCE should be conservative in patients with advanced age, due to the potential for decreased renal function in this population. Any dosage adjustment requires a careful assessment of renal function. Generally, elderly, debilitated, and malnourished patients should not be titrated to the maximum dose of GLUCOVANCE to avoid the risk of hypoglycemia. Monitoring of renal function is necessary to aid in prevention of metformin-associated lactic acidosis, particularly in the elderly. (See WARNINGS.)
224,891. Squibb & Sons, E. R., (Assignees of Nitardy, F. W.). Nov. 13, 1923, [Convention date]. Dentifrices.-A material for use in dentifrices consists of magnesium hydroxide substantially free from water and suspended in glycerine, in which condition it is incapable of reacting with other ingredients in the dentifrice. The material is prepared by making a suspension of magnesium hydroxide in water, and draining off the water as far as possible. The product, which contains about 86 per cent of water, is placed in an evaporating pan and glycerine to the amount of water contained therein is added. The water is then removed by evaporation, which may be carried out in vacuo. The resulting product is a thick paste containing about 14 per cent of magnesium hydroxide, and may be mixed with other ingredients, e.g. precipitated chalk, glycerine, flavours, and antiseptics, to produce a dentifrice.
INTRODUCTION: Epistaxis is the most common otorhinolaryngological emergency and historically there have been an important debate whether there is a cause-effect relationship with high blood pressure.
AIM: This retrospective study explored whether hypertension is a significant risk factor for epistaxis in Emergency Department (ED) patients and examined associations between blood pressure levels and epistaxis episodes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two groups were studied: Group A (patients with epistaxis) and Group B (control). Patient characteristics, comorbidities, and medication use were recorded. Blood pressure measurements were taken upon ED arrival and after specialist evaluation. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, T-test, χ2 test, and logistic regression.
RESULTS: Group A, enrolled from April 2014 to February 2015, included 102 patients, mean age 67, male-female ratio 2:1. Blood pressure on arrival was over 140/90 mmHg in 73%, decreasing to 26% after 30 minutes. Group B, enrolled from May 2023 to August 2023, included 126 patients, mean age 59, male-female ratio 2:1. Blood pressure on arrival was over 140/90 mmHg in 60%, decreasing to 23% after 30 minutes. Both groups showed reduced blood pressure post-evaluation. Logistic regression identified anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet therapy as the main independent risk factor for epistaxis. Age, sex, blood pressure levels, and hypertension did not significantly influence epistaxis occurrence.
CONCLUSION: No significant correlation between hypertension and epistaxis was found. Anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet therapy was the primary independent risk factor, highlighting the importance of considering medication history in evaluating epistaxis.
In the second part of the study examiner will randomize treatment procedure for left hand using a dice (odd number - corticosteroids or 5% glucose; even number - surgery). Substance for injection will be determined according to the results of the first part of the study - more effective one, or in case of non-inferiority 5% glucose will be used. Surgical release will be performed by the same plastic surgeon. Both treatments will be performed maximally 2 months after diagnosis, with maximum period between them of 1 week.
Patients will be administered paracetamol 1 gr IV every 8 hours in the postoperative period. Postoperative patient evaluation will be performed by a pain nurse blinded to the procedure.