anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The Four Core Genotypes (FCG) mouse model has become a valuable model to study the mechanistic basis for biological sex differences. This model allows discrimination between influences of gonadal sex (ovaries or testes) from those associated with genetic sex (presence of XX or XY chromosome complement). FCG mice have illuminated distinct effects of gonadal and chromosomal sex on traits ranging from brain structure and behavior to vulnerability to obesity, atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's and other diseases. A recent study determined that the YSry- chromosome used in a specific line of C57BL/6J FCG mice harbors nine genes that have been duplicated from the X chromosome. This report raised concern that scores of publications that previously used the FCG model may therefore be flawed, but did not provide details regarding how studies can be evaluated for potential impact (or lack of impact) of the translocation. Here we (1) provide a practical description of the genetic translocation for researchers using the FCG model, (2) document that a majority of the studies cited in the recent report are unlikely to be affected by the translocation, (3) provide a scheme for interpreting data from studies with FCG mice harboring the YSry- translocation, and (4) delineate expression levels of the nine translocated genes across tissue/cell types as a filter for evaluating their potential involvement in specific phenotypes.
BACKGROUND: Body weight and size are important economic traits in chickens. While many growth-related quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and candidate genes have been identified, further research is needed to confirm and characterize these findings. In this study, we investigate genetic and genomic markers associated with chicken body weight and size. This study provides new insights into potential markers for genomic selection and breeding strategies to improve meat production in chickens.
METHODS: We performed whole-genome resequencing of and Wenshang Barred (WB) chickens (n = 596) and three additional breeds with varying body sizes (Recessive White (RW), WB, and Luxi Mini (LM) chickens; (n = 50)). We then used selective sweeps of mutations coupled with genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genomic markers associated with body weight and size.
RESULTS: We identified over 9.4 million high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among three chicken breeds/lines. Among these breeds, 287 protein-coding genes exhibited positive selection in the RW and WB populations, while 241 protein-coding genes showed positive selection in the LM and WB populations. Genomic heritability estimates were calculated for 26 body weight and size traits, including body weight, chest breadth, chest depth, thoracic horn, body oblique length, keel length, pelvic width, shank length, and shank circumference in the WB breed. The estimates ranged from 0.04 to 0.67. Our analysis also identified a total of 2,522 genome-wide significant SNPs, with 2,474 SNPs clustered around two genomic regions. The first region, located on chromosome 4 (7.41-7.64 Mb), was linked to body weight after ten weeks and body size traits. LCORL, LDB2, and PPARGC1A were identified as candidate genes in this region. The other region, located on chromosome 1 (170.46-171.53 Mb), was associated with body weight from four to eighteen weeks and body size traits. This region contained CAB39L and WDFY2 as candidate genes. Notably, LCORL, LDB2, and PPARGC1A showed highly selective signatures among the three breeds of chicken with varying body sizes.
CONCLUSION: Overall this study provides a comprehensive map of genomic variants associated with body weight and size in chickens. We propose two genomic regions, one on chromosome 1 and the other on chromosome 4, that could helpful for developing genome selection breeding strategies to enhance meat yield in chickens.
PURPOSE:To obtain a bathing agent, containing ascorbic acid or a derivative thereof and reducing agent, e.g. water-soluble salt of thiosulfuric acid or dithionous acid, L-cysteine hydrochloride, glutathione and gallic acid ester, etc., and capable of stably sustaining a coloring matter. CONSTITUTION:A bathing agent containing (A) ascorbic acid or an ester thereof, e.g., ascorbic acid 2-phosphate, or a water-soluble salt thereof, e.g., sodium ascorbate, and (B) a reducing agent selected from water-soluble salts of thiosulfuric acid or dithionous acid, L-cysteine hydrochloride, glutathione and gallic acid ester, e.g. propyl gallate, etc., at 1:0.02-2, preferably 1:0.05-0.5 weight ratio. Since ascorbic acids are stable even to free residual chlorine in tap water in this bathing agent, a coloring mater is also stably sustained. The bathing agent is dissolved so as to provided 10-500ppm ascorbic acid concentration in the bath water.
The patient will perform one repetition of the exercise shoulder flexion with elbow flexion at 90 degrees under monitoring from SWORD. The recorded parameters will be used to define: baseline and target angle; execution time; maximum postural sway. Two additional repetitions will be performed to ensure reproducibility. During the session, SWORD will be providing real-time audiovisual feedback. The patient has to start in the baseline position and fill the progress bar without violating movement or posture constraints. If the patient does not reach the goal or violates constraints he will receive a negative audio feedback, the progress bar will turn red and be reset. The patient has to return to the baseline position to restart the movement.
PURPOSE:To provide the freeze drying method which is capable of integrally executing from packing to freezing, drying and packaging of a soln. CONSTITUTION:This freeze drying method and packaging method consist in automatically packing a specified volume of the soln. or emulsion contg. drugs to a film formed by sticking two sheets of films regularly having pockets each having a specified shape to each other, freeze drying the soln. or emulsion and hermetically sealing the upper open part. The operations from the packing to packaging of the freeze dried solids which are liable to collapse and have high hygroscopicity are executed and a handling characteristic is improved according to this invention.
The dual activation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for managing type 2 diabetes and obesity. Tirzepatide, a dual agonist peptide, has exhibited superior clinical efficacy in glycemic and weight control compared to selective GLP-1R agonists. Nevertheless, the structural basis of Tirzepatide's extended half-life, attributed to an acylation side chain on the parent peptide, raises questions regarding its partial agonistic activity. Employing molecular dynamics simulations, we explored the dynamic processes of peptide-receptor interactions. We uncovered a crucial salt bridge between parent peptide and GLP-1R/GIPR at K20, a feature not discernible in cryo-electron microscopy structures. Building upon these insights, we developed an optimization strategy based on the parent peptide which involved repositioning the acylation side chain. The results of both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the optimized peptide has twofold to threefold increase in agonistic activity compared to Tirzepatide while maintaining its extended half-life in plasma. This led to the design of BGM0504, which proved to be more effective than its predecessor, Tirzepatide, in both laboratory and animal studies.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) includes 4 major genotypes. It is now well established that HEV is endemic in most industrialized countries where it is transmitted zoonotically (genotypes 3 and 4) from a large animal reservoir, mainly pigs, unlike in resource-limited countries where it is is transmitted by water (genotypes 1 and 2 strictly human). The optimization of the use of virological tests and the improvement of epidemiological knowledge have led to the identification of a growing number of hepatitis E transmitted enterically but also through transfusion. While many infections are asymptomatic and self-limiting, immunocompromised people can develop chronic hepatitis which can progress to cirrhosis. Furthermore, people with pre-existing chronic hepatitis regardless of the etiology present, in the event of HEV infection, a risk of hepatic decompensation associated with high mortality. The diagnosis of HEV infection is based on both serological tests (anti-HEV IgM and anti-HEV IgG) and molecular tests (HEV RNA).

Although HEV transmission is mainly enteric, transmission by labile blood products (plasma, platelets, or red blood cells) has been documented in France and abroad. Given the endemic nature of HEV infection on a global scale and the very high frequency of asymptomatic infections, reducing the risk of HEV transmission by transfusion cannot be achieved by selecting donors from clinical or epidemiological criteria. Furthermore, pathogen mitigation processes are ineffective on HEV. As a result, biological screening for HEV has been implemented in different countries in Europe and Asia. In France, systematic screening of the HEV genome was introduced on March 20, 2023. All positive samples are sent to the HEV-hepatitis A virus (HAV) National Reference Center (Toulouse University Hospital Virology Laboratory) for quantification of the viral load, determination of the genotype and detection of anti-HEV antibodies (IgG and IgM). Donors screened positive for HEV-RNA are informed of the infection by a specific letter and invited to consult a General Practitioner. Hygiene measures are also recommended to prevent contamination of those around you due to viral excretion in the stools. They are deferred from donating for a period of 4 months corresponding to a maximum duration of viremia. An epidemiological questionnaire is completed by the donor and returned by mail to the French Blood Establishment.

Previous studies conducted more than 10 years ago among blood donors in Occitanie and at the national level showed that the Occitanie region was a region with high HEV seroprevalence (39%) but with differences ranging from 20% to more than 70% depending on the departments. Based on multivariate analyses, dietary habits such as consumption of pork or game do not explain the entire epidemiology of HEV in this region and other modes of transmission, notably by water, probably exist.
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are described as a collection of chronic diseases that do not typically develop from an acute infection, have long-term health effects, and frequently require ongoing care and therapy. These diseases include heart disease, stroke, cancer, chronic lung disease, neurological diseases, osteoporosis, mental health disorders, etc. Known synthetic drugs for the treatment or prevention of NCDs become increasingly dangerous over time and pose high risks due to side effects such as hallucination, heart attack, liver failure, etc. As a result, scientists have had to look for other alternatives that are natural products and that are known to be less detrimental and contain useful bioactive compounds. The increasing understanding of the biological and pharmacological significance of carbohydrates has helped to raise awareness of their importance in living systems and medicine, given they play numerous biological roles. For example, pectin has been identified as a class of secondary metabolites found in medicinal plants that may play a significant role in the treatment and management of a variety of NCDs. Pectin is mainly made of homogalacturonan, which is a linear polymer composed primarily of D-galacturonic acid units (at least 65%) linked in a chain by α-(1,4)-glycosidic linkages. There are also modified pectins or derivatives that improve pectin's bioavailability. Pectin is found in the cell walls of higher plants (pteridophytes, angiosperms, and gymnosperms), particularly in the middle lamella of the plant material. Citrus pectin is used in various industries. This article compiles information that has been available for years about the therapeutic importance of pectin in chronic diseases, different modes of pectin extraction, the chemistry of pectin, and the potency of pectin and its derivatives.
Optimizing the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) will remain a major public health concern for decades to come. T2DM has already affected 4% of the French population and generates each year over 12 billion euros of expenditure. By combining therapies, oral and/or injectable (insulin or analogues of GLP-1), the current management of T2DM provides two thirds of patients with a satisfactory metabolic control (HbA1c \< 7%) and reduced incidence of cardiovascular complications. Its effect on mortality, however, remains more limited, presumably because of the persistence of other cardiovascular risk factors. A recent study has confirmed that French patients with T2DM present an overall mortality risk significantly higher than the general population. In France, this group registered a mortality of 32 deaths per 1000 persons.

Bariatric surgery is now a recognized method for the treatment of severe obesity. It allows for the permanent loss of at least 50% of initial excess weight. In obese patients, this surgery is also associated with a significant reduction in cardiovascular risk factors and particularly T2D. A recent meta-analysis of retrospective studies available suggests that surgery results in remission of T2DM in over 75% of cases. The only prospective randomized study showed that gastric restriction by placing a gastric band, provides better glycemic control than just medical treatment in obese patients with recently discovered T2DM. The gastric by-pass (GBP) which also includes an intestinal by-pass, seems to have an even higher metabolic efficiency than gastric bypass alone. In patients with T2DM, the GBP restores postprandial insulin secretion independently of weight loss. Despite the significant morbidity of the intervention, long-term results seem broadly supportive of the GBP. In a large case-control study, GBP was associated with a decrease of 90% of deaths related to diabetes. In a controlled study conducted in surgical candidates obese diabetics, the GBP decreased the overall world mortality by 75% after 6 years. Despite these very encouraging data, the GBP is now proposed to only a small proportion (\< 1%) of patients likely to benefit from the procedure.
Fat malabsorption is central to the pathophysiology of short bowel syndrome (SBS). It occurs in patients with insufficient intestinal surface area and/or function to maintain metabolic and growth demands. Rapid intestinal transit and impaired bile acid recycling further contribute to fat malabsorption. A significant portion of patients require parenteral nutrition (PN) for their survival but may develop sepsis and liver dysfunction as a result. Despite advancements in the treatment of SBS, fat malabsorption remains a chronic issue for this vulnerable patient population. Peer-reviewed literature was assessed on the topic of fat malabsorption in SBS. Current management of patients with SBS involves dietary considerations, PN management, antidiarrheals, glucagon-like peptide 2 agonists, and multidisciplinary teams. Clinical trials have focused on improving intestinal fat absorption by facilitating fat digestion with pancreatic enzymes. Targeting fat malabsorption in SBS is a potential pathway to improving lifestyle and reducing morbidity and mortality in this rare disease.
The goal of maintenance treatment is to keep the patient as symptom-free as possible with the least amount of UVA exposure. 

SCHEDULE OF EXPOSURES: When patients have achieved 95% clearing, or Grade 4 response (Table 2), they may be placed on the following maintenance schedules (M1 – M4), in sequence. It is recommended that each maintenance schedule be adhered to for at least 2 treatments (unless erythema or psoriatic flare occurs, in which case see (2a) and (2b) below). 

LENGTH OF EXPOSURE: The UVA exposure for the first maintenance treatment of any schedule (except M4 as noted below) is the same as that of the patient's last treatment under the previous schedule. For skin types I–IV, however, it is recommended that the maximum UVA dosage during maintenance treatments not exceed the following: 

If the patient develops erythema or new lesions of psoriasis, proceed as follows: a. Erythema: During maintenance therapy, the patient's tan and threshold dose for erythema may gradually decrease. If maintenance treatments produce significant erythema, the exposure to UVA should be decreased by 25% until further treatments no longer produce erythema.

b. Psoriasis: If the patient develops new areas of psoriasis during maintenance therapy (but still is classified as having a Grade 4 response), the exposure to UVA may be increased by 0.5-1.5 J/cm2 at each treatment; this is appropriate for all types of patients. These increases are continued until the psoriasis is brought under control and the patient is again clear. The exposure being administered when this clearing is reached should be used for further maintenance treatment.

FLARES DURING MAINTENANCE: If the patient flares during maintenance treatment (i.e., develops psoriasis on more than 5% of the originally involved areas of the body), this maintenance treatment schedule may be changed to the preceding maintenance or clearing schedule. The patient may be kept on his schedule until again 95 % clear. If the original maintenance treatment schedule is unable to control the psoriasis, the schedule may be changed to a more frequent regimen. If a flare occurs less than 6 weeks after the last treatment, 25 % of the maximum exposure received during the clearing phase, with the clearing schedule received during the clearing phase, may be used and then proceed with the clearing schedule previously followed for this patient. (At 95% clearing, follow regular maintenance until the optimum maintenance schedule is determined for the patient.) If more than 6 weeks have elapsed since the last treatment was given, treat patients as if they were beginning therapy insofar as exposure dosages are concerned, since their threshold for erythema may have decreased.
A carbon nanotube composite carrier having a synergistic effect of photothermal therapy and gene therapy, a preparation method therefor and an application thereof. The carrier is composed of a carrier portion and a gene, the carrier portion comprising carbon nanotubes, peptide lipids and/or auxiliaries. A method of self-assembly is used to fix a modifier to the carbon nanotubes to obtain a composite carrier that may carry and transport a gene. The described composite carrier overcomes the problems with pure carbon nanotubes wherein water solubility is poor, biocompatibility is low, and efficiency in carrying and transporting genes is poor. At the same time, the described composite carrier has higher photothermal conversion performance and gene transport efficiency, the cytotoxicity of carbon nanotubes is reduced, and the problem of the localized accumulation of carbon nanotubes is alleviated. The synergistic effect of photothermal therapy and gene therapy is used to solve the problem in tumor treatment wherein the efficacy of a single treatment method is poor.
Administration of 3 ascending repeated doses of lixisenatide once daily and subcutaneously. Background therapy (metformin and basal insulin) will be administered daily about the same time as usually done.
Porous structures are frequently used in surgical implants to strengthen the interlocking power produced by bone ingrowth. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism underlying bone ingrowth into a porous structure accompanied by vascularization. A nonbioactive polyetheretherketone implant with a 3D-printed porous structure was prepared and implanted in a bone hole created in the tibias of rabbits. We observed bone ingrowth in the same individual specimens immediately and at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-implantation using in-vivo computed tomography (CT). Furthermore, a detailed evaluation with blood vessels of each specimen at 2, 4, and 12 weeks was performed with ex-vivo CT and histological specimen. Additional histological evaluation was performed using thin sections of an implant made with thermoplastic polyurethane having the same structure. As a result, the bone invasion began after four weeks, when the construction of fibrous tissue and the spread of new blood vessels within the voids matured. As the bone matured in the load-bearing area, new blood vessels outside the bone matrix regressed. This longitudinal evaluation study suggests that preceding fibrogenesis and vascularization may be key in developing bone ingrowth. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: A porous structure is an essential structure for dental and orthopedic implants because it provides strong fixation through bone invasion. Although it was known that vascularization was involved in this, the details were not known. This in vivo study revealed that in order for bone ingrowth to begin, a preparatory period of approximately 4 weeks was required to establish blood flow inside and outside the implant. Furthermore, it was confirmed that by spreading the fibrous structure in advance, it has an advantageous effect on the migration of cells involved in the formation of bones and blood vessels. We pointed out that it is necessary to consider fibrogenesis and vascularization when creating future implants.
Octapharma's FVIII concentrates have been tested in clinical trials and registered for treatment of haemophilia A; however, as haemophilia A is a rare disease, the numbers of patients treated in studies so far are limited. For previously untreated patients (PUPs), who are typically young children, and for minimally treated patients (MTPs), who have been exposed to only minimal FVIII dosages, there is a general interest to increase the body of data on treatment effectiveness and safety, particularly related to inhibitor development. Also, specifically for PUPs, treatment algorithms are not standardized, e.g. with respect to utilisation, dosage, frequency or optimal start age of FVIII prophylaxis. Real world evidence derived from a non-interventional study (NIS) can describe product utilisation and demonstrate value over a product's life cycle and facilitate benefit-risk assessments. The purpose of this study is thus to evaluate product utilisation, effectiveness and safety, including inhibitor development information, in severe haemophilia A PUPs and MTPs, who have been prescribed Octapharma's FVIII concentrates.
Emerging SARS-CoV-2 sub-lineages like XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, EG.5, HK.3 (FLip), and XBB.2.3 and the variant BA.2.86 have recently been identified. Understanding the efficacy of current vaccines on these emerging variants is critical. We evaluate the serum neutralization activities of participants who received COVID-19 inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac), those who received the recently approved tetravalent protein vaccine (SCTV01E), or those who had contracted a breakthrough infection with BA.5/BF.7/XBB virus. Neutralization profiles against a broad panel of 30 sub-lineages reveal that BQ.1.1, CH.1.1, and all the XBB sub-lineages exhibit heightened resistance to neutralization compared to previous variants. However, despite their extra mutations, BA.2.86 and the emerging XBB sub-lineages do not demonstrate significantly increased resistance to neutralization over XBB.1.5. Encouragingly, the SCTV01E booster consistently induces higher neutralizing titers against all these variants than breakthrough infection does. Cellular immunity assays also show that the SCTV01E booster elicits a higher frequency of virus-specific memory B cells. Our findings support the development of multivalent vaccines to combat future variants.
Cohort 1 will include participants with B cell ALL/LL in second or greater relapse or refractory to at least 2 prior induction regimens. Participant will receive daratumumab in combination with vincristine and prednisone.