anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: Cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) can show a very heterogeneous trajectory among patients. Here, we explored the mechanisms involved in the expression and prediction of different cognitive phenotypes over 4 years.
METHODS: In 2 independent cohorts (total n = 475), we performed a cluster analysis to identify trajectories of cognitive progression. Baseline and longitudinal level II neuropsychological assessments were conducted, and baseline structural magnetic resonance imaging, resting electroencephalogram and neurofilament light chain plasma quantification were carried out. Linear mixed-effects models were used to study longitudinal changes. Risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia were estimated using multivariable hazard regression. Spectral power density from the electroencephalogram at baseline and source localization were computed.
RESULTS: Two cognitive trajectories were identified. Cluster 1 presented stability (PD-Stable) over time, whereas cluster 2 showed progressive cognitive decline (PD-Progressors). The PD-Progressors group showed an increased risk for evolving to PD mild cognitive impairment (HR 2.09; 95% CI 1.11-3.95) and a marked risk for dementia (HR 4.87; 95% CI 1.34-17.76), associated with progressive worsening in posterior-cortical-dependent cognitive processes. Both clusters showed equivalent clinical and sociodemographic characteristics, structural magnetic resonance imaging, and neurofilament light chain levels at baseline. Conversely, the PD-Progressors group showed a fronto-temporo-occipital and parietal slow-wave power density increase, that was in turn related to worsening at 2 and 4 years of follow-up in different cognitive measures.
INTERPRETATION: In the absence of differences in baseline cognitive function and typical markers of neurodegeneration, the further development of an aggressive cognitive decline in PD is associated with increased slow-wave power density and with a different profile of worsening in several posterior-cortical-dependent tasks. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:981-993.
We investigated if poly-lactic acid (PLA) nanopillar array can trigger the differentiation of human epicardial (ADSCs) (heADSCs) into cardiomyocyte-like cells and explored the effects of these cardiomyocyte-like cells on myocardial infarction (MI) in vivo. PLA nanopillar array (200 nm diameter) and plain PLA film (PLA planar) induced heADSCs were marked with carboxyfluorescein. After 7 days, the expressions of myocardiocyte-specific genes were significantly enhanced in cells seeded on PLA nanopillar array compared with that on PLA planar, especially CACNA1C, KCNH2, and MYL2 genes (p < 0.05). However, the expressions of cardiac troponin T (cTNT), KCNQ1, and KCNA5 were lower than those in PLA planar-induced heADSCs (p < 0.05), whereas GATA4 tended to increase with time. The cells with positively stained α-actinin and cTNT were elevated in heADSCs induced by PLA nanopillar array compared with those induced by PLA planar only (p < 0.05). In vivo experiments showed that cardiac function was improved after injecting PLA-nanopillar array-induced heADSCs into the ischemic heart (p < 0.05, compared with PLA planar + MI group). Furthermore, tyrosine hydroxylase density was significantly lower (p < 0.05). PLA nanopillar array directly drives the differentiation of heADSCs into cardiomyocyte-like cells, and the induced heADSCs exhibit a protective effect on ischemic myocardium by improving cardiac function in MI rats.
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition containing an extract of natural products preserved is salt and aged in an underground tunnel is provided to offer effects of procollagen generating promotion, collagenase expression suppression, and skin anti-wrinkling, by a combined synergism effect of two kinds of activation. CONSTITUTION: A cosmetic composition comprises more than one kind of extracts preserved in salt and aged in an underground tunnel, which are selected from adzuki beans, mung beans, black beans, coix, barley, and brown rice as active ingredients. The cosmetic composition contains a deep sea water extract preserved with salt and aged in the underground tunnel as an active ingredient. The cosmetic composition contains the extract preserved with salt and aged in the underground tunnel in the amount of 0.0001-30 weight%. Fermentation is performed at a temperature of 4-40 deg. C for 30 days to 1 year.
Acetaminophen, USP is a non-salicylate antipyretic and non-opioid analgesic agent. Acetaminophen, USP is a white, odorless, very fine powder having a slightly bitter taste. Its chemical name is N-acetyl-p-aminophenol. Acetaminophen, USP. It has a molecular weight of 151.16 g/mol and its molecular formula is C8H9NO2. Its structural formula is:

VIAFLO container is a flexible plastic container fabricated from a multilayer sheeting composed of Polypropylene (PP), Polyamide (PA) and Polyethylene (PE). The amount of water that can permeate from the container into the overwrap is insufficient to affect the solution significantly. Solutions in contact with the flexible container can leach out certain of the container’s chemical components in very small amounts within the expiration period. The suitability of the container material has been confirmed by tests in animals according to USP biological tests for plastic containers.

Acetaminophen injection is a sterile, clear, colorless, non pyrogenic, isotonic formulation of acetaminophen intended for intravenous infusion. It has a pH of approximately between 5.0 to 6.3 and an osmolality of approximately 290 mOsm/kg. 

Each 100 mL contains 1000 mg acetaminophen, USP, 3850 mg mannitol, USP, 25 mg L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate, USP, and 10.4 mg dibasic sodium phosphate anhydrous, USP. pH is adjusted with hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide.
Participants who do not receive an ICD therapy and have normal Echocardiogram findings and no evidence of arrhythmia will form this group. These participants will receive an MCG scan in addition to their standard care plan We will record the findings of any/all investigations participants receive as per their standard care plan, such as imaging providing left ventricular ejection fraction and usual care blood tests although their research activity/involvement in the trial will cease after the baseline observation. There will be no follow up. We aim to recruit 210 participants to this group to match the anticipated size of the group who receive an ICD but don't receive a shock.
PURPOSE: A composition containing catechin and garlic acid is provided to treat neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease. CONSTITUTION: A composition for preventing and treating brain diseases contains Castaneae crenata inner skin extract. The extract is isolated using water, organic solvent, or mixture solvent thereof. The brain disease is Alzheimer's disease. A functional health food composition for treating brain disease contains Castaneae crenata inner skin extract. A composition for preventing and treating brain diseases contains polyphenol of garlic acid, catechin, or epicatechin or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
This is an open-label (identity of assigned study drug will be known), multicenter, 2-part, Phase 1 dose escalation/expansion to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics (study of what the body does to a drug), pharmacodynamics (study of what a drug does to the body) and clinical activity of JNJ-42756493 administered orally once daily in 21-day cycles or 28 days cycles of intermittent dosing regimen (7 days on/7 days off) to Japanese and Asian participants \>=20 years of age with advanced or refractory solid tumors or lymphoma who are not candidates for approved or available therapies. Approximately 40 participants will be enrolled. In Part 1 Participants will be required to be hospitalized after the first dose on Day 1 of Cycle 1 until Day 2 of Cycle 2 (for daily continuous dosing) or until Day 14 of Cycle 1 (for intermittent dosing), however extension of hospitalization will be allowed until Day 2 of Cycle 2 according to investigators clinical judgment. The Part 1 dose-escalation phase is designed to determine the recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D) based on safety, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic data of JNJ-42756493. Participants will be enrolled in sequential cohorts based on the 3+3 dose-escalation scheme; the first cohort will receive the starting dose and subsequent cohorts will receive increased doses of JNJ-42756493. After the last participants in each cohort completes Cycle 1, the Safety Evaluation Team (SET) will evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetic data according to protocol-defined criteria and make the decision whether to escalate the dose in a new cohort. To determine the recommended Phase 2 dose, the SET will review all safety, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic data from Part 1 before initiation of Part 2. The total number of participants enrolled in Part 1 will depend on the dose level at which the recommended Phase 2 dose is established. After the recommended Phase 2 dose is established, the Part 2 dose-expansion phase will be opened. Part 2 study will be done in a molecularly-defined subset of Participants with gastric adenocarcinoma including gastroesophageal junctions at the RP2D. In Part2, Participants can be hospitalized until Day 8 of Cycle 1 as needed. In addition, extension of hospitalization will be allowed until Day 15 of Cycle 1 according to investigator's clinical judgment. In Part 2, approximately 25 participants will be treated at the recommended Phase 2 dose as 28 days cycles of intermittent dosing regimen in order to evaluate fibroblast growth factor receptor target modulation in tumor, to further elaborate safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of JNJ-42756493, as well as to evaluate preliminary clinical responses. Participants who are tolerating study drug treatment and achieve clinical responses or stable disease will continue to receive study drug at the same dose until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent. Serial pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic samples will be collected, and safety and efficacy will be monitored throughout the study.
Systems/techniques that facilitate learning-based domain transformation for medical images are provided. In various embodiments, a system can access a medical image. In various aspects, the medical image can depict an anatomical structure according to a first medical scanning domain. In various instances, the system can generate, via execution of a machine learning model, a predicted image based on the medical image. In various aspects, the predicted image can depict the anatomical structure according to a second medical scanning domain that is different from the first medical scanning domain. In some cases, the first and second medical scanning domains can be first and second energy levels of a computed tomography (CT) scanning modality. In other cases, the first and second medical scanning domains can be first and second contrast phases of the CT scanning modality.
BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disorder in pregnancy. Women with Type 2 DM seems to have no better perinatal outcomes than those with Type 1 DM.
METHODS: Single-center prospective cohort observational study. Pregnant women with diabetes (141 with Type 1 DM and 124 with Type 2 DM) that were followed in the university hospital between 2009 and 2021 were included in this study. Clinical data and obstetric and perinatal outcomes were collected.
RESULTS: As expected, women with Type 1 DM were younger and had a longer duration of diabetes than women with Type 2 DM. Obesity and chronic hypertension were higher in the group of women with Type 2 DM and their value of HbA1c in the second and third trimesters were lower than in Type 1 DM. No differences in prematurity were found, but more extreme prematurity was observed in Type 2 DM, as well as a higher rate of congenital malformations. The frequency of hypoglycemia and the weight of the newborn was higher in Type 1 DM. The maternal independent factors related to the weight of the newborn were: the glycemic control at the third trimester, the weight gain during pregnancy, and pregestational BMI.
CONCLUSIONS: Newborns born to mothers with Type 1 DM were larger and had a higher frequency of hypoglycemia, while congenital malformations and precocious preterm was more associated to Type 2 DM. Metabolic control, weight gain and pregestational weight were important determinants of both obstetric and neonatal complications.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a medicine stably keeping MMSC (methylmethionine sulfonium chloride) without decomposed by other compounded ingredients.  <P>SOLUTION: A well-ordered grain comprises ethyl cellulose and MMSC. The medicinal composition comprises the well-ordered grain containing ethyl cellulose and MMSC, and an antacid and/or a basic histamine H2-receptor antagonist. A stable pharmaceutical preparation suppressed in decomposition of MMSC is obtained. Thereby, decomposition of MMSC is not caused even when compounded with the antacid and/or the basic histamine H2-receptor antagonist and generation of sulfur compounds having unpleasant smell is prevented.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
In Denmark around 300,000 suffer from asthma. Dyspnoe can disable patients with asthma. Dysfunctional breathing (DB), resulting in dyspnoe, can mimic or exaggerate asthma. Around 20-29% of asthmatic patients have DB. Breathing exercises (BrEX) can improve asthma-related quality of life (QOL) and control of asthma symptoms in less severe asthma. No study has investigated the effect of BrEX on QOL neither on level of physical activity in severe asthma.

A randomised controlled multicentre trial will include 190 adults with poor asthma control (Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ6)-score≥0.8) from seven outpatient departments and one specialized private clinic. After optimizing of inhalation technique, patients will be allocated to either usual care (no intervention) or BrEX-treatment consisting of 12-week intervention including three physiotherapist-sessions focusing on breathing pattern modification (Papworth Method; Buteyko technique) in rest and activity and 10 minutes home-exercise twice daily. Primary outcome is change in Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (MiniAQLQ) at six-months follow-up. Secondary outcomes are changes in ACQ6, Nijmegen Hyperventilation Questionnaire (NQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), accelerometry (physical activity level, number of steps), 6 minutes walk distance, and forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), besides response of Global perceived effect rate (GPE) in asthma-related QOL and asthma control.
In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the efficacy and safety of imiquimod 3.75% cream following cryosurgery to treat clinically typical visible or palpable AK lesions on the face was compared with that of placebo cream. Based on a 1:1 randomization, approximately 120 subjects applied imiquimod 3.75% cream daily (up to 500 mg cream daily \[18.75 mg imiquimod\]) and approximately 120 subjects applied placebo cream daily during two 2-week periods (Cycle 1 and Cycle 2) separated by 2 weeks of no treatment. Subjects visited the clinic 9 times-1 screening/cryosurgery visit (additional visits might be needed during the screening period to assess healing from the cryosurgery), 4 treatment visits(treatment initiation at Weeks 0 and 4 and treatment follow-up at the end of Weeks 2 and 6), and 4 posttreatment visits (4, 8, 14, and 20 weeks after the last administration of study treatment at the end of Week 6). The total study duration for a subject, including a 2-week screening period, was up to 28 weeks.

Prior to cryosurgery, subjects had to have ≥10 clinically typical visible or palpable AK lesions in an area that exceeded 25 cm\^2 on the face to be eligible for participation in the study. At screening, a minimum of 5 visible lesions were not treated with cryosurgery, and 5 to 14 visible lesions were treated with cryosurgery. Subjects had to have at least 5 AK lesions after the skin healed sufficiently from the cryosurgery to be eligible for randomization to either imiquimod 3.75% or placebo cream. Subjects applied up to 2 packets of study cream (500 mg total) as a thin layer to the entire face, avoiding the periocular areas, lips, and nares; ears were excluded from both assessment and treatment. Study cream was applied prior to normal sleeping hours and removed approximately 8 hours later with mild soap and water. Rest periods from daily treatment could be approved by the investigator as needed, with treatment resumption at the investigator's discretion.
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and neuroinflammation are key mechanisms of brain injury. We performed a time-course study following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) to characterize these events. HI brain injury was induced in postnatal day 10 rats by single carotid artery ligation followed by hypoxia (8% oxygen, 90 min). At 6, 12, 24, and 72 h (h) post-HI, brains were collected to assess neuropathology and BBB dysfunction. A significant breakdown of the BBB was observed in the HI injury group compared to the sham group from 6 h in the cortex and hippocampus (p < 0.001), including a significant increase in albumin extravasation (p < 0.0033) and decrease in basal lamina integrity and tight-junction proteins. There was a decrease in resting microglia (p < 0.0001) transitioning to an intermediate state from as early as 6 h post-HI, with the intermediate microglia peaking at 12 h (p < 0.0001), which significantly correlated to the peak of microbleeds. Neonatal HI insult leads to significant brain injury over the first 72 h that is mediated by BBB disruption within 6 h and a transitioning state of the resident microglia. Key BBB events coincide with the appearance of the intermediate microglial state and this relationship warrants further research and may be a key target for therapeutic intervention.
### Teratogenic Effects

#### Pregnancy Category C.

Corticosteroids have been shown to be teratogenic in laboratory animals when administered systemically at relatively low dosage levels. Some corticosteroids have been shown to be teratogenic after dermal application to laboratory animals.

Clobetasol propionate has not been tested for teratogenicity when applied topically; however, it is absorbed percutaneously, and when administered subcutaneously it was a significant teratogen in both the rabbit and mouse. Clobetasol propionate has greater teratogenic potential than steroids that are less potent.

Teratogenicity studies in mice using the subcutaneous route resulted in fetotoxicity at the highest dose tested (1 mg/kg) and teratogenicity at all dose levels tested down to 0.03 mg/kg. These doses are approximately 1.4 and 0.04 times, respectively, the human topical dose of clobetasol propionate cream and ointment. Abnormalities seen included cleft palate and skeletal abnormalities.

In rabbits, clobetasol propionate was teratogenic at doses of 3 and 10 mcg/kg. These doses are approximately 0.02 and 0.05 times, respectively, the human topical dose of clobetasol propionate cream and ointment. Abnormalities seen included cleft palate, cranioschisis, and other skeletal abnormalities.

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of the teratogenic potential of clobetasol propionate in pregnant women. Clobetasol propionate cream should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
The study determines the sustained and acute effects of a red-fleshed apple (RFA), rich in anthocyanins (ACNs), a white-fleshed apple (WFA) without ACNs, and an infusion from Aronia melanocarpa (AI) with an equivalent content of ACNs as RFA, on different cardiometabolic risk biomarkers in hypercholesterolemic subjects. A randomized, parallel study was performed for 6 weeks and two dose-response studies were performed at the baseline and after intervention. At 6 weeks, RFA consumption improved ischemic reactive hyperemia and decreased C-reactive protein and interleukine-6 compared to WFA consumption. Moreover, at 6 weeks, AI decreased P-selectin compared to WFA and improved the lipid profile. Three products reduced C1q, C4 and Factor B, and RFA and AI reduced C3. Although both RFA and AI have a similar ACN content, RFA, by a matrix effect, induced more improvements in inflammation, whereas AI improved the lipid profile. Anti-inflammatory protein modulation by proteomic reduction of the complement system and immunoglobulins were verified after WFA, AI and RFA consumption.
Hepatitis C viruses (HCV) require host cell proteins for proliferation thereof. In order to verify cell factors essential to HCV proliferation, a siRNA library targeting a cell cycle was screened by using cells infected with HCV grown through cell proliferation, and a gene coding cyclin A was selected and characterized. CycA2 deregulation was associated with several types of tumors including liver cancer. The effects of CycA2 on HCV proliferation was studied by siRNA mediated knockdown assay, in vitro and in vivo protein binding assay, luciferase reporter gene assay, and immunoblotting assay. The siRNA-mediated CycA2 reduction remarkably inhibited HCV replication for both HCV sub-genomic replicon cells and cells infected with HCVcc. In addition, HCV NS5B specifically interacted with CycA2 in vivo and in vitro. The protein interaction was mediated through the cyclin box of CycA2 and the palm domain of NS5B. The R/HxL motif of the palm domain of NS5B mediates protein interaction with CycA2, and this interaction is essential in HCV replication. Further, tylophorine, which is a product of a natural plant and inhibits CycA2 activity, inhibited HCV replication. In conclusion, HCV regulates CycA2 through NS5B protein for self renewal, and tylophorine has a potential as a HCV therapeutic agent.
This study enrolls HBV mono-infected pregnant women cohorts managed in outpatient clinics/delivery unit at YouAn Hospital in Beijing. Subjects are prospectively followed from gestation week 26 to postpartum week 52. Treatment naïve mothers with HBV DNA \> 6 log10 c/mL and normal ALT are eligible. Mothers with abnormal fetus, cirrhosis or evidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are excluded. At gestation week 28, mothers will receive telbivudine (LdT) 600 mg per day or lamivudine (Lam) 100 mg per day until postpartum 4 or no treatment as per their preference. All infants will receive standard immunoprophylaxis. Data is collected from patient records using data extraction forms. Primary endpoints are vertical transmission rates at infants' age of 52 week and the safety of telbivudine or lamivudine use.
This is a Phase IV, open-label, flexible dose, decentralized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SPN-812 in adults with ADHD and mood symptoms. Adults 18 years and older with ADHD will be recruited, consented and screened for eligibility. Following the Screening Period (up to 4 weeks), eligible participants will be treated with Study medication for up to 14 weeks (Treatment Period). The total study duration is approximately 18 weeks, and there are up to 6 virtual study visits (or Televisits). All Televisits are conducted via an application downloaded to participant's mobile phone. There are up to 2 Televisits during the Screening period and 3 Televisits during the Treatment period. Subjects initiate SPN-812 dosing at 200 mg once daily during first week, and then titrate up to 400mg once daily during the second week. At the Investigator's discretion, based subject's clinical response and tolerability, the dose of SPN-812 can be increased or decreased to optimal dose within the range between 200 and 600 mg once daily during the remaining Treatment period. Participants will answer questions during structured clinical interviews with an investigator during Televisits and complete additional questionnaires and scales via the mobile app.