anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to compositions used for treatment of patients with anorectal and colon intestine diseases. Composition has an acceptable base and flavonoid-containing extract from plant Euphorbia prostrate including apigenin-7-glycoside, luteolin-7-glycoside, 6-methoxyquercitin-3-glycoside, quercitin and luteolin. Properties of composition ensure to apply their on damaged sites more uniformly. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of compositions. 31 cl, 6 tbl, 1 dwg, 6 ex
Variants in the gene NDP cause Norrie disease, a severe dual-sensory disorder characterized by congenital blindness due to disrupted retinal vascular development and progressive hearing loss accompanied by sensory hair cell death. NDP encodes the secreted signaling molecule norrin. The role of norrin in the cochlea is incompletely understood. We investigated whether the Norrie disease cochlear pathology can be ameliorated in an Ndp-knockout (Ndp-KO) mouse model by conditional activation of stabilized β-catenin in vascular endothelial cells. We hypothesized that in the cochlea microvasculature, β-catenin is the primary downstream intracellular effector of norrin binding to endothelial cell surface receptors and that restoration of this signaling pathway is sufficient to prevent sensory hair cell death and hearing loss. We show that tamoxifen induction of Cdh5CreERT2;Ctnnb1flex3/+;Ndp-KO mice stabilizing β-catenin in vascular endothelial cells alone rescued defects in cochlear vascular barrier function, restored dysregulated expression of endothelial cell disease biomarkers (Cldn5, Abcb1a, Slc7a1, and Slc7a5), and prevented progressive outer hair cell death and hearing loss. Single-cell transcriptome profiling of human cochleas showed NDP expression by fibrocytes and glial cells while receptor gene expression (FZD4, TSPAN12, LRP5, and LRP6) coincided in vascular endothelial cells. Our findings support the conclusion that vascular endothelial cells are a primary target of norrin signaling in the cochlea of mice and humans and restoration of β-catenin regulation of target gene expression within cochlear endothelial cells is sufficient to maintain a cochlear microenvironment critical for hair cell survival.
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) represent a prevalent and severe category of damage resulting from traumatic incidents. Predominantly, the deficiency in nerve regeneration can be ascribed to enduring inflammatory reactions, hence imposing substantial clinical implications for patients. Fisetin, a flavonoid derived from plants, is naturally present in an array of vegetables and fruits, including strawberries, apples, onions, and cucumbers. It exhibits immunomodulatory properties through the reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress. In the present research, a nerve defect is addressed for the first time utilizing a scaffold primed for controlled fisetin release. In this regard, fisetin-loaded chitosan hydrogels are incorporated into the lumen of polycaprolactone (PCL) nerve guide conduits (NGCs). The hydrogel maintained a steady release of an appropriate fisetin dosage. The study outcomes indicated that the fisetin/chitosan/polycaprolactone (FIS/CS/PCL) NGCs amplified Schwann cell proliferation and neural expression, curtailed oxidative stress, alleviated inflammation, and improved functions, electrophysiological properties, and morphology. This pioneering scaffold has the potential to contribute significantly to the field of neuroengineering.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the expression of sterile alpha and TIR motif containing protein 1 (SARM1) in both chronic and acute glaucomatous animal models and investigate the underlying SARM1-JNK signaling mechanism responsible for the protective effects of SARM1 downregulation on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) soma and axons in a chronic intraocular hypertension (COH) model.
METHODS: The COH model was induced by injecting magnetic microbeads into the anterior chamber, whereas the acute model was created through ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to assess SARM1 expression and JNK phosphorylation in the retina and optic nerve. SARM1 downregulation was achieved through the intravitreal injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV)2-shRNA. Quantitative analysis of RGC survival was performed by the counting of Brn3A-positive RGCs, and surviving axons were assessed through optic nerve toluidine blue stain.
RESULTS: The expression of SARM1 increased 1 week after microbead injection in the optic nerve, whereas the retinal SARM1 expression decreased at 3 days post-injection in the COH model. After 24 hours of reperfusion, SARM1 expression increased in both the optic nerves and the retinas in the I/R injury model. SARM1 downregulation led to increased survival of RGC soma and axons in the COH model. In this model, JNK phosphorylation was significantly reduced concomitant with decreased SARM1 expression.
CONCLUSIONS: Elevated SARM1 expression was observed in the optic nerves in both the COH and I/R injury models. Downregulation of SARM1 exhibited a protective effect on RGC soma and axons in the COH model, with JNK identified as a downstream regulator of SARM1 in this context.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Eclipta prostrata (Linn.) is a traditional medicinal Chinese herb that displays multiple biological activities, such as encompassing immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, liver-protective, antioxidant, and lipid-lowering effects. Ecliptasaponin A (ESA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin isolated from Eclipta prostrata (Linn.), has been demonstrated to exert superior anti-inflammatory activity against many inflammatory disorders.
AIM OF THE STUDY: Inflammation plays a critical role in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study aims to explore the treatment effects of ESA in AMI, as well as the underlying mechanism.
METHODS: An AMI mouse model was established in mice via left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) ligation. After surgery, ESA was injected at doses of 0.5, 1.25, and 2.5 mg/kg, respectively. Myocardial infarction size, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac echocardiography were studied. The potential mechanism of action of ESA was investigated by RNA-seq, Western blot, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), molecular docking, and immunofluorescence staining.
RESULTS: ESA treatment not only significantly reduced myocardial infarct size, decreased myocardial cell apoptosis, and inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration, but also facilitated to improve cardiac function. RNA-seq and Western blot analysis proved that ESA treatment-induced differential expression genes mainly enriched in HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Consistently, ESA treatment resulted into the down-regulation of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels after AMI. Furthermore, SPR and molecular docking results showed that ESA could bind directly to HMGB1, thereby impeding the activation of the downstream TLR4/NF-κB pathway. The immunofluorescence staining and Western blot results at the cellular level also demonstrated that ESA inhibited the activation of the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway in H9C2 cells.
CONCLUSION: Our study was the first to demonstrate a cardiac protective role of ESA in AMI. Mechanism study indicated that the treatment effects of ESA are mainly attributed to its anti-inflammatory activity that was mediated by the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
FIELD: medicine, gynecology, obstetrics. SUBSTANCE: therapy is conducted due to curative physical culture in two stages. The first stage lasts for 15- 20 d and deals with the intake of antihypoxants along with daily curative physical culture (CPC) 1-2 h after the intake of prescribed preparation which corresponds to gestation terms, the second stage deals with CPC only. CPC- complex includes both static and dynamic exercises by involving the muscles of pelvic diaphragm. In case of pyeloectasia at gestation terms of 20-28 wk the treatment is prescribed at the size of renal pelvis being 5-8 mm, at gestation terms above 28 wk - 8-12 mm, in case of ventriculomagalia at gestation terms of 22-38 wk therapy is prescribed at the size of posterior horns of fetal lateral cerebral ventricles being 12-14 mm. EFFECT: higher efficiency of therapy. 3 cl, 4 ex
INTRODUCTION: Older adults are at risk of adverse effects during chemotherapy including nausea and fatigue, but many also suffer from dizziness and peripheral neuropathy. This may lead to balance and walking impairments and increased risk of falls and affect health-related quality of life. Moreover, these symptoms are often underreported with inadequate awareness among health professionals leading to deficient focus on the need for targeted assessment and rehabilitation. We aimed to examine the prevalence of dizziness, impaired walking balance, and neuropathy and falls in older adults ≥65 years with gastrointestinal cancer receiving chemotherapy and the associations between these symptoms. Further, we aimed to examine the quantity of patients reporting these symptoms to the oncologist.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study among patients ≥65 years with gastrointestinal cancers who have completed three or more series of chemotherapy. The prevalence of dizziness, impaired walking balance, neuropathy, and reporting of these adverse effects was examined through structured questionnaires.
RESULTS: Of two hundred patients (57 % male, mean age 74.4 years) the prevalence of dizziness was 54 % and the prevalence of patients experiencing impaired walking balance was 48 %. Symptoms of neuropathy was present in 32 % of patients and 11 % experienced falls during chemotherapy. Symptoms of neuropathy was associated with experiencing dizziness: odds ratio (OR) 1.98 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.06; 3.71) and impaired balance: OR 3.61 (95 % CI: 1.87; 6.96). Less than half the patients (48 %) told the oncologist about these symptoms.
DISCUSSION: Dizziness and impaired walking balance during chemotherapy are underreported yet profound symptoms among older patients with cancer. Dizziness and impaired balance should be systematically assessed during chemotherapy among older patients.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent primary liver cancer often associated with chronic hepatitis B virus infection (CHB) and liver cirrhosis (LC), underscoring the critical need for biomarker discovery to improve patient outcomes. Emerging as a promising avenue for biomarker development, proteomic technology leveraging liquid biopsy from small extracellular vesicles (sEV) offers new insights. Here, we evaluated various methods for sEV isolation and identified polysaccharide chitosan (CS) as an optimal approach. Subsequently, we employed optimized CS-based magnetic beads (Mag-CS) for sEV separation from serum samples of healthy controls, CHB, LC, and HBV-HCC patients. Leveraging data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry coupled with machine learning, we uncovered potential vesicular protein biomarker signatures (KNG1, F11, KLKB1, CAPNS1, CDH1, CPN2, NME2) capable of distinguishing HBV-HCC from CHB, LC, and non-HCC conditions. Collectively, our findings highlight the utility of Mag-CS-based sEV isolation for identifying early detection biomarkers in HBV-HCC.
FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutical technology, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: composition contains roxithromycin as a therapeutically active component and the following special additions: microcrystalline cellulose, primogel, hydroxypropylcellulose and stearate. Tablet-core is covered with film-forming envelope made of mixture of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, glycerol, talc and titanium dioxide or of ready mixture "Opadry" of the firm "Colorcon" (USA) based on hydroxypropylmethylcellulose. Method for making tablets is carried out by wetting granulation and the following covering tablet-core with film-forming composite. Roxithromycin tablets with cover satisfy all requirements of The State Pharmacopoeia XI, they release active substance easily that provides high bioavailability of roxithromycin. Fitness time for roxithromycin tablets is above two years. EFFECT: improved preparing method, valuable pharmaceutical properties of tablets. 7 cl, 1 tbl, 5 ex
Patients will be positioned in supine position at this time 0.5% tetracaine drops will be used to fill the ear canal. Tetracaine will then be allowed to stay in place for approximately 10 to 15 minutes with the patient's head positioned with affected ear up. After this, using an operative microscope the drops will be removed from the ear canal with suction.
The Probiotic group in tic disorder will take Probiotic-Lactobacillus plantarum PS128, which contain 300mg (3x10\^10 CFU) Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 and 100mg of Microcrystalline Cellulose in each tablet. It will be taken orally in 2 divided doses, 12 hours apart during the study period of 2 months for Tic disorders.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the transdermal therapeutic system containing the biologically active substance used for the controlled administration of estradiol or its pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives individually or in combination with gestagens. The system consists of a backing and a layer-container with the biologically active substance and associated with the backing. The container is obtained using the contact glue containing colophony esters and the peeling off protective layer. The use of proposed glue both enhances stickiness of substances and makes an excellent biopharmaceutical properties - good compatibility with skin and capability to permeability, ensures to avoid recrystallization of biologically active substances. EFFECT: improved quality and properties of the system. 23 cl, 2 tbl, 11 ex
Iron carboxymaltose group. Total dose of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (Iroprem®) needed to correct anemia and replenish iron stores will be calculated using the Ganzoni formula (28) modified to include adjustment for baseline iron status: prepregnancy weight in kilograms X (15-baseline Hb) X 2.4 + 500. Fifteen is the target Hb in g/dL, 2.4 is a unit less conversion constant and 500 is the target iron stores in mg. The maximal dose administered in a single day will not exceed 15 mg/kg (current weight) or 1000 mg (for participants with body weight \> 67 kg). If total calculated dose will exceed 15 mg/kg or 1000 mg, subsequent doses will be administered weekly until the total calculated dose will be reached.
The experimental group were allocated to alternating light/darkness conditions as follows: from 07:00 to 19:00 hours the subjects were kept under normal room light conditions; from 19:00 to 07:00 of the following day the conditions were modified by placing the patient under an acrylic cephalic helmet (length: 27 cm; width: 27 cm; height: 17.5 cm; opening: 17x12 cm). The helmet was covered with surgical cloth (green or blue) folded to 50x60cm rectangles, leaving the frontal part open in order to maintain an adequate air flow. This intervention exposed infants in the experimental group to light at 25 lux for 12 hours every day, while during daytime the cloth was removed in order for study subjects to be exposed to regular room lighting.
Prevalence data of non-compliance in solid organ transplantations fluctuate is reported in up to 39% of transplant recipients (z. B. for lung transplantations 13 - 22%; Kugler et al.). Non-compliance with immunosuppressive therapy is associated with an increased risk of late-acute rejections and the development of chronic transplant dysfunction. Chronic transplant dysfunction (bronchiolitis obliterans- syndrome-BOS) is the second most causing for organ failure after the first year following lung transplantation and often leads to re-transplantation or death. Preventative procedures for improving the compliance are simplification of the dose of the immunosuppressants (a once daily dose instead of a twice daily dose), the prescription of an immunosuppressants with less side-effects and to raise the patient´s awareness for having the greatest responsibility for the efficacy of his therapy. Prospective studies and metaanalysis revealed that the probability for a good compliance can be more than doubled at once daily administration in comparison to twice daily and the best predictor for a good compliance is an easy therapy. For this reason we want to investigate the extent of profit for our lung transplant patients receiving once daily basis immunosuppression in comparison to those who receive twice daily dose.

Hypothesis: Patients of the once daily administration group of the immunosuppressive medication will have a better compliance compared to the twice daily group (as measured by the endpoints variability and medication abstraction from the electronic devices)
BACKGROUND: Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) frequently recurs after kidney transplantation and is associated with poor graft survival. Patients who do not achieve remission (nonresponders) have an especially poor graft survival. However, the characteristics that may affect graft survival in nonresponders are unknown. This study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics associated with graft survival in nonresponders.
METHODS: We retrospectively collected the clinical records of patients with FSGS and an age at onset <16 years who experienced posttransplant recurrence of FSGS at six hospitals in Japan from 1993 to 2018.
RESULTS: Eight nonresponders with recurrent FSGS were enrolled in this study. The median time to recurrence after kidney transplantation was 1 day (interquartile range, 1-2 days). All patients received therapeutic plasma exchange and methylprednisolone pulse therapy. Rituximab was used as an add-on therapy in three patients. Five patients lost their graft within 2 years after kidney transplantation (rapid group). In contrast, three patients had much longer graft survival (nonrapid group). We compared the clinical characteristics of the rapid and nonrapid groups. Proteinuria tended to be lower in the nonrapid group at the third and subsequent months of therapy. The rapid group had persistent nephrotic syndrome. The rate of reduction in proteinuria was lower in the rapid group than in the nonrapid group.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that persistent nephrotic syndrome and a low rate of reduction in proteinuria may predict rapid progression to graft failure in nonresponders.
Severe impairment, defined as having an eGFR 15-19 mL/min/1.73m\^2. All subjects received a single 33 mg/kg oral dose of deferiprone.
Fibrosis is the pathological basis for the clinical progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Prostatic fibrosis is an important risk factor in patients with BPH who experience lower urinary tract symptoms. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental endocrine disruptor (EED) that causes prostate defects. The effects of BPA on the prostate were investigated in this study using mouse and human prostate cell models. BPA-induced mouse prostatic fibrosis is characterized by collagen deposition and an increase in hydroxyproline concentration. Furthermore, BPA-exposed prostatic stromal fibroblasts exosomes promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of epithelial cells. High-throughput RNA sequencing and functional enrichment analyses show that substantially altered mRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs play roles in cellular interactions and the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signaling pathway. The results showed that exosomes participated in the pro-fibrogenic effects of BPA on the prostate by mediating communication between stromal and epithelial cells and triggering epithelial changes.
The invention provides a method of stimulating TGF-.beta. activity, comprising contacting latent TGF-.beta. with an amount of TSP or an activating peptide from TSP effective to convert latent TGF-.beta. to active TGF-.beta..  Also provided is a method of inhibiting the stimulation of TGF-.beta. activity, comprising contacting latent TGF-.beta. with a ligand specific for TSP effective to bind TSP and prevent activation of TGF-.beta. or an amount of an inhibiting peptide having a sequence that corresponds to a sequence of four consecutive amino acids of TSP, effective to inhibit the conversion of latent TGF-.beta. to active TGF-.beta.. The invention also provides a method of enhancing wound healing, comprising administering to a wound site an amount of TSP or an activating peptide from TSP effective to convert latent TGF-.beta. to active TGF-.beta., the activation of TGF-.beta. resulting in enhanced wound healing.  A method of preventing fibrosis stimulated by TGF-.beta. in pathology is also provided.  The method comprises administering to a site of potential fibrosis an amount of a ligand specific for TSP effective to bind TSP and inhibit activation of TGF-.beta. or an inhibiting peptide from TSP effective to inhibit conversion of latent TGF-.beta. to active TGF-.beta., resulting in reduced fibrosis.  The invention also provides a method of blocking TGF-.beta.-mediated inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation comprising contacting endothelial cells with a ligand specific for TSP effective to bind TSP and inhibit activation of TGF-.beta. or an inhibiting peptide from TSP effective to inhibit conversion of latent TGF-.beta. to active TGF-.beta., resulting in proliferation of endothelial cells.
Stunting remains a significant public health concern, impacting physical growth and impeding children's development. Mothers, who play a crucial role in stimulating children's development, often encounter barriers in providing effective stimulation, primarily due to limited access to appropriate resources and information. Online education can bridge this gap by offering easily accessible learning. This aim of this study was to determine the effect of online education on maternal knowledge and attitudes in providing developmental stimulation for stunting toddlers. A quasi-experimental research design was employed, comprising a treatment group and a control group, each consisting of 46 mothers with stunting toddlers, sampled purposively. The treatment group received an online developmental stimulation educational intervention through WhatsApp groups for twelve meetings, each lasting 1.5 to 2 hours. Meanwhile, the control group participated in a stunting assistance program provided by the community health centers (Puskesmas). To compare the knowledge and attitudes between groups, Mann-Whitney and independent Student t-test were used. The assessment of intervention effects on knowledge and attitudes was conducted using Wilcoxon and paired Student t-test within each group. Following the educational intervention on developmental stimulation, there was a significant increase in knowledge; however, there was no significant difference in attitudes. The treatment group (mean score 3.9±1.76) had a higher increase in knowledge scores compared to the control group (2.0±2.25) with a p<0.001. Nonetheless, no significant difference in attitudes was observed between the two groups with the mean change scores was 5.8±15.31 in treatment group and 2.5±18.69 for control group, with a p=0.335. This study suggests that providing online education leads to increased knowledge scores but does not impact attitudes significantly. Additional educational approaches should be considered to enhance maternal attitudes.
Participants randomized to the MM condition will be asked to download and use the free Mindfulness Coach app (available for iOS and Android platforms) developed by the Veteran Affairs National Center for PTSD. The app offers written information about mindfulness as well as 12 audio-guided meditations each lasting 8-13 minutes. Participants will attend a live videochat orientation to the study with the research coordinator (RC) to receive assistance in downloading and using the app. Participants will be asked to listen to at least one, and ideally two, audio-guided meditation exercises using the app daily for six weeks. The RC will ask participants to complete weekly logs of their MM app use via a Qualtrics survey sent via email.