anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Oxidative stress and inflammation have pivotal roles in gastric ulcer development caused by alcohol consumption. Trace element boric acid taken into the human and animal body from dietary sources displays strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions. However, the mechanisms underlying these actions of boric acid remain unclear, and its effectiveness in preventing gastric lesions is unknown. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effects of boric acid in alcohol-induced gastric ulcer and elucidate its potential mechanisms. Gastric ulcer was induced by 75% oral ethanol administration in rats, and the effectiveness of prophylactic boric acid treatment at 100 mg/kg concentration was assessed by histopathological examination, ELISA assay and qRT-PCR. Gross macroscopic and histopathological evaluations revealed that boric acid alleviated gastric mucosal lesions. Boric acid decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and the overall oxidation state of the body while improving antioxidant status. It reduced the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The mRNA expression of JAK2 and STAT3 was decreased while the expression of AMPK was increased with boric acid pretreatment. Moreover, Sema3A and PlexinA1 levels were elevated upon boric acid pretreatment, and homocysteine levels were reduced. Our results demonstrated that boric acid protects gastric mucosa from ethanol-induced damage by regulating oxidative and inflammatory responses. In addition, our findings suggested that the gastroprotective activity of boric acid could be attributed to its regulatory function in the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling modulated by AMPK and that Sema3A/PlxnA1 axis and homocysteine are potentially involved in this process.
Safety and effectiveness of ARTICADENT in pediatric patients below the age of 4 years have not been established. Safety of doses greater than 7 mg/kg (0.175 mL/kg) in pediatric patients has not been established.

The safety and effectiveness of ARTICADENT for local, infiltrative, or conductive anesthesia in both simple and complex dental procedures have been established in pediatric patients ages 4 to 16 years old. Safety and effectiveness was established in clinical trials with 61 pediatric patients between the ages of 4 and 16 years administered articaine hydrochloride 4% and epinephrine 1:100,000 injections. Fifty-one of these patients received doses from 0.76 mg/kg to 5.65 mg/kg (0.9 to 5.1 mL) for simple dental procedures and 10 patients received doses between 0.37 mg/kg and 7.48 mg/kg (0.7 to 3.9 mL) for complex dental procedures. Approximately 13% of these pediatric patients required additional injections of anesthetic for complete anesthesia. Dosages in pediatric patients should be reduced, commensurate with age, body weight, and physical condition [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
The study was conducted as a pre-test-post-test, control group and quasi-experimental intervention research design in order to evaluate the effects of education applied to family members who provide care for patients with colorectal cancer on their healthy lifestyle behaviors and reactions towards caregiving. The study population consisted of 100 caregiver who provide primary care to patients with colorectal cancer. The study data were collected using the "Socio-Demographic Characteristics Data Collection Form", "Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale II (HPLP-II)" and the "Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA)". The pre-test was applied to the experimental and control groups at the first interview. The preferred interview format was a booklet. Three times face to-face individual educational sessions were provided to the experimental group, accompanied by a education booklet. After the third educational session the post-test was applied to the caregivers in the experimental and control groups.
NEW MATERIAL:A substance active as nerve-growing factor (NGF); a white powder; soluble in water; molecular weight; 12400 and 11600 (by the SDS-gel electrophoresis), 18000 and 12600 (by the gel filtration); aminoacid analyses: shown in the table; showing no immunological cross-over reaction with mouse beta- NGF antiserum prepared from rabbit; the concentration giving the maximum growth of nerve fiber in egg ganglions: 1.0mg/ml. USE:A substance growing nerves. PREPARATION:Gradulas submandibularis or grandulas protstatica of Suncus murinus are homogenized in water, centrifuged and the surpernatant is freeze dried. The product is dissolved in a buffer solution and fractionated by means of column chromatography. Each fraction is examined on its absorption and NGF activity and the active fractions are dialyzed with a buffer solution and centrifuged. The resultant supernatant is controlled in pH and subjected to column chromatography again, eluted under salt concentration gredient. The fractions showing NGF activity are concentrated, further subjected to column chromatography to isolate and purify the substance with NGF activity.
A method of inhibiting or destroying the desire to smoke tobacco products which comprises administering for an extended period of time a gamma pyrone selected from the class of maltol and ethyl maltol and in a quantity initially of not less than about 500 milligrams per day. By incorporating a maltol in relatively large amounts in gum, candy, or other physiologically acceptable media, the desired amount of maltol can be taken by reasonable daily consumption of such media. Releasing the maltol in the mouth at least 10 minutes for about 12 to 15 times per day is important. A lozenge or troche that lasts over 10 minutes in the mouth and releases ethyl maltol at a rate of excess of about 0.2 mg./min. is preferred. When this is done the pyrone should be administered at more than about 75 mg./day.
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of jaw (BRONJ) is characterized by impaired osteogenic differentiation of orofacial bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Corin has recently been demonstrated to act as a key regulator in bone development and orthopedic disorders. However, the role of corin in BRONJ-related BMSCs dysfunction remains unclarified. A m6A epitranscriptomic microarray study from our group shows that the CORIN gene is significantly upregulated and m6A hypermethylated during orofacial BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. Corin knockdown inhibits BMSCs osteogenic differentiation, whereas corin overexpression or soluble corin (sCorin) exerts a promotion effect. Furthermore, corin expression is negatively regulated by bisphosphonates (BPs). Corin overexpression or sCorin reverses BPs-impaired BMSCs differentiation ability. Mechanistically, we find altered expression of phos-ERK in corin knockdown/overexpression BMSCs and BMSCs under sCorin stimulation. PD98059 (a selective ERK inhibitor) blocks the corin-mediated promotion effect. With regard to the high methylation level of corin during osteogenic differentiation, we apply a non-selective m6A methylase inhibitor, Cycloleucine, which also blocks the corin-mediated promotion effect. Furthermore, we demonstrate that METTL7A modulates corin m6A modification and reverses BPs-impaired BMSCs function, indicating that METTL7A regulates corin expression and thus contributes to orofacial BMSCs differentiation ability. To conclude, our study reveals that corin reverses BPs-induced BMSCs dysfunction, and METTL7A-mediated corin m6A modification underlies corin promotion of osteogenic differentiation via the ERK pathway. We hope this brings new insights into future clinical treatments for BRONJ.
PURPOSE: Ipsilateral local recurrence (LR) after partial nephrectomy (PN) for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) may result from a metachronous tumor or PN bed recurrence. To date, literature has predominantly reported ipsilateral LRs collectively, although the pathophysiology and prognostic implications of these event may be distinct. We sought to assess variables associated with LR and evaluated associations of LR with metastasis and death from RCC.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We identified adults undergoing PN for unilateral, sporadic, localized RCC from 2000 to 2019 using a prospectively maintained, single institution registry. LR was defined as new, enhancing tumor within/near the PN bed on MRI/CT. Cox proportional hazards models were used to create a preoperative risk score for LR and to examine the association of LR with metastasis and CSS following PN among patients with clear cell RCC.
RESULTS: In a cohort of 2,164 PNs, 106 true LRs were identified, for a 10-year incidence of 6.2%. A preoperative risk score for LR based on age, symptoms, solitary kidney, complex tumor necessitating open partial nephrectomy, and cT stage was created (c-index = 0.73). Postoperatively, positive margins, pT stage, and clear cell subtype were associated with LR. Notably, 21% (23/106) of patients with LR presented with synchronous metastases. Following LR, 5-year metastasis-free and cancer-specific survival were 64% and 71%, respectively. LR remained associated with metastasis (HR 6.25; P < 0.001) and death from RCC (HR 1.93; P = 0.03) on multivariable analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: We developed a preoperative risk score to identify patients at risk for LR following PN. LR was an independent risk factor for metastasis and death from RCC. Further study is warranted to determine whether treatment of LR improves oncologic outcomes.
Anemia has occurred in NSAID-treated patients. This may be due to occult or gross blood loss, fluid retention, or an incompletely described effect on erythropoiesis. If a patient treated with ELYXYB has any signs or symptoms of anemia, monitor hemoglobin or hematocrit.

In controlled clinical trials of celecoxib capsules, the incidence of anemia was 0.6% with celecoxib and 0.4% with placebo. Patients on long-term treatment with ELYXYB should have their hemoglobin or hematocrit checked if they exhibit any signs or symptoms of anemia or blood loss.

NSAIDs, including ELYXYB, may increase the risk of bleeding events. Co-morbid conditions such as coagulation disorders or concomitant use of warfarin, other anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs (e.g., aspirin), SSRIs, and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) may increase this risk. Monitor these patients for signs of bleeding [see Drug Interactions (7)].
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     Liraglutide, one of the components of XULTOPHY 100/3.6, causes dose-dependent and treatment-duration-dependent thyroid C-cell tumors at clinically relevant exposures in both genders of rats and mice. It is unknown whether XULTOPHY 100/3.6 causes thyroid C-cell tumors, including medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), in humans, as the human relevance of liraglutide-induced rodent thyroid C-cell tumors has not been determined [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Nonclinical Toxicology (13)].
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     XULTOPHY 100/3.6 is contraindicated in patients with a personal or family history of MTC and in patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2). Counsel patients regarding the potential risk for MTC with the use of XULTOPHY 100/3.6 and inform them of symptoms of thyroid tumors (e.g. a mass in the neck, dysphagia, dyspnea, persistent hoarseness). Routine monitoring of serum calcitonin or using thyroid ultrasound is of uncertain value for early detection of MTC in patients treated with XULTOPHY 100/3.6 [see Contraindications (4), Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
The invention provides a sterile lyophilized preparation containing fosaprepitant, and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, an effective dosage of fosaprepitant dimeglumine is adopted as an effective component, and auxiliary materials such as a solubilizer, a complexing agent, a lyophilization excipient, and an acidity adjusting agent are contained in the preparation. The lyophilization excipient does not comprise lactose, and is selected from one or a combination of mannitol, glucose, dextran, sorbitol, arginine, and glycine. The components are dissolved in injection water. The solution is sterilized, filtered, sub-packaged, and lyophilized. The prepared sterile lyophilized preparation has excellent high-temperature stability, illumination stability, and accelerated-experiment stability. When in use, the sterile lyophilized preparation provided by the invention is added into a solvent, so that an injection solution with an appropriate concentration is prepared and can be used. The preparation has good treatment effect upon chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. With the form of injection medication, patient compliance is improved. The preparation process of the lyophilized preparation is simple. The lyophilized preparation is suitable for industrialized productions.
BACKGROUND: Older adult overdose death rates have increased significantly in recent years. However, research for prevention of drug overdose death specific to older adults is limited. Our objective is to identify profiles based on missed intervention points (touchpoints) to inform prevention of future older adult unintentional overdose deaths.
METHODS: We used latent class analysis methods to identify profiles of decedents aged 55 + years in the Illinois Statewide Unintentional Drug Overdose Reporting System. This system collects data on 92.6% of all unintentional overdose deaths in Illinois and includes data from death certificates, coroner/medical examiner, toxicology, and autopsy reports. Data include decedent demographics, circumstances leading up to and surrounding the fatal overdose and details regarding the overdose. Variables in the latent class analysis model included sex, race, alcohol test result, social isolation, recent emergency department (ED) visit, chronic pain, and pain treatment.
RESULTS: We identified three distinct decent profiles. Class 1 (13% of decedents) included female decedents who were in pain treatment, had physical health problems, and had greater likelihood of a recent ED visit before their death. Class 2 (35% of decedents) decedents were most likely to be socially connected (live with others, employed, had social or family relationships) but less likely to have recent healthcare visits. Class 3 (52% of decedents) decedents had higher social isolation (lived alone, unemployed, unpartnered), were mostly male, had fewer known physical health conditions, and more alcohol positivity at time of death. White decedents are clustered in class 1 while Black decedents are predominant in classes 2 and 3.
CONCLUSIONS: These profiles link to potential touchpoint opportunities for substance use disorder screening harm reduction and treatment. Class 1 members were most likely to be reachable in healthcare settings. However, most decedents were members of Classes 2 and 3 with less engagement in the healthcare system, suggesting a need for screening and intervention in different contexts. For Class 2, intervention touchpoints might include education and screening in work or social settings such as senior centers given the higher degree of social connectivity. For Class 3, the most isolated group, touchpoints may occur in the context of harm reduction outreach and social service delivery.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have wide clinical applications because of their excellent antibacterial properties; however, they can cause liver inflammation in animals. Macrophages are among the main cells mediating inflammation and are also responsible for the phagocytosis of nanomaterials. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a major mechanism of inflammation, and its activation both induces cytokine release and triggers inflammatory cell death (i.e., pyroptosis). In previous studies, we demonstrated that mitophagy activation plays a protective role against AgNP-induced hepatotoxicity. However, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying these processes are not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrate that AgNP exposure induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation, mitochondrial damage and pyroptosis in vivo and in vitro. NLRP3 silencing or inhibiting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction reduces PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Meanwhile, the inhibition of mitophagy ROS production, mitochondrial, NLRP3-mediated inflammation, and pyroptosis in RAW264.7 cells were more pronounced than in the control group. These results suggest that PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy plays a protective role by reducing AgNP-induced mitochondrial ROS and subsequent NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
1,126,694. Carnitine salts. OTSUKA PHARMACEUTICAL CO. Ltd. 13 Oct., 1966 [15 Oct., 1965], No. 45880/66. Heading C2C. A carnitine nitrile salt of the formula where R is an alkyl group, may be obtained by reacting carnitine nitrile hydroxide with an N-acyl-glutamic acid or by reacting carnitine nitrile chloride with an alkaline salt of an N- acyl-glutamic acid. Diastereoisomers of compounds of the above formula may be separated by dissolving a mixture of the diastereoisomers in a polar solvent, e.g. methanol, ethanol or isopropanol or a mixture thereof, cooling the solution and separating the less soluble diastereoisomer. Separated diastereoisomers may be converted to a carnitine salt by decomposing the above salt with aqueous mineral acid and subsequently hydrolysing the carnitine nitrile salt present in solution. Examples are given in which the radical R is methyl.
After the 2-week placebo lead-in phase, placebo-non responders will receive sertraline 25 mg daily for 2 weeks. Thereafter, sertraline will be increased flexibly by 25 to 50 mg per day (at a rate no higher than 50 mg per week) to achieve a total daily dose of 50 to 200 mg, based on clinical response and tolerability, with a maximum dose of 200 mg/d. Subjects unable to tolerate higher doses may be dropped back to the previous dose and remain at that dose for the remainder of the study.
A medical imaging system is configured to receive and securely store medical image data for patients, while providing sufficient access to view, review, and access image data. A care provider uses a cloud imaging hub and security token to receive medical image data produced by an image data source. The hub associates an arbitrary identifier with the medical image data based on patient information and the security token. The patient information is locally stored on the hub and not transmitted to any other device or server, and is scrubbed from the device after the UID is generated. The UID serves as an anonymous identifier for any medical image data associated with the patient, and may also be used to identify and access anonymous medical image data. The UID may be provided to the patient as a QR code, and is usable by the patient to access their anonymized image data and/or provide such access to another care provider.
In the robot cat group, the patients were given face-to-face personal information about the robot cat for about 15 minutes in the waiting room by the researcher, and the "Robot Cat Information Brochure" was given. Therefore, in this study, the patients interacted with the robot cat "Silver" for 20 minutes during the hemodialysis session once a week for eight weeks (two months) under the supervision of the researcher. After eight weeks of robotic pet therapy in the hemodialysis unit, this group of patients was followed up by the researcher with the same applications, without robotic pet therapy for eight more weeks. Data collection tools were applied to this group of patients before the study. Again, in the last week of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th months of the study, all other data collection tools were applied, except the "Structured Patient Information Form".
Prepare Amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium for oral suspension at time of dispensing as follows: Tap bottle until all powder flows freely. Measure a total (see Table 5 below for total amount of water for reconstitution) OF WATER. Add approximately 2/3 of the water to the powder. Replace cap and shake VIGOROUSLY. Add remaining water. Replace cap and shake VIGOROUSLY.  


Table 5: Amount of Water for Mixing Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium for Oral Suspension

Shake oral suspension well before using. Reconstituted suspension must be stored under refrigeration and discarded after 10 days. Some color change is normal during dosing period.
Techniques for managing access to a physical area are provided. In one technique, first data is extracted from a digital file. Based on identification data within the first data, a database is searched. A data item in the database is identified that matches the identification data. The first data is associated with the data item. After associating the first data with the data item, code data is generated. Encoded data that encodes the code data is then generated. The encoded data is sent over a computer network to a mobile device, or an account, of a user that is associated with the data item.
60% of all cancers and 70% of cancer mortality occur in people greater than 65 years of age, defining cancer as a disease of older adults. Breast cancer is no exception to this rule where almost half of all new breast cancers in the United States are diagnosed in women 65 years of age or older1. Despite the association between cancer and aging, treatment recommendations and data acquired from prospective clinical trials in older women with breast cancer are sparse. As a result, physicians and older adults have limited data to guide treatment recommendation, make dose adjustments and manage toxicities in older adults. Aging is invariably associated with changes in physiology which can impact the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cancer therapy. The potential for increased toxic effects in the older patient becomes an important concern. Therefore, it may not be reasonable to extrapolate data regarding toxicity from clinical trials, which primarily include younger, healthier patients. In addition, the age-related impact of adjuvant therapy on the functional status and quality of life of older versus younger adults has not been rigorously evaluated, and risk factors for toxicity, other than chronological age, need to be studied among older adults receiving anthracycline and non-anthracycline based chemotherapy regimens.

The goal of this study is to prospectively describe the longitudinal trajectory of functional status, comorbidity, and quality of life from before the initiation of chemotherapy to 6 months after the completion of treatment in older (65 and older) and younger (under 65) adults. We will determine the effect of pre-treatment physical functioning on physical recovery (ie, physical function at end of chemotherapy and 6 months later) after the course of adjuvant chemotherapy. In addition, we will explore if factors other than chronological age (functional status, comorbid medical conditions, nutritional status, psychological state, cognitive function, and social support) predict which patients are more likely to experience treatment morbidity (defined as grade 3-5 toxicity, hospitalization or urgent care visits, dose reduction or delay, or premature discontinuation of the planned chemotherapy course)