anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
SYNDROS contains dronabinol, the main psychoactive component in marijuana. Ingestion of high doses of dronabinol increases the risk of psychiatric adverse reactions if abused or misused, while continued administration can lead to addiction. Psychiatric adverse reactions may include psychosis, hallucinations, depersonalization, mood alteration, and paranoia.

In vitro studies demonstrate that SYNDROS can be easily and effectively abused without manipulation. SYNDROS contains 50% (w/w) dehydrated alcohol [see Warning and Precautions (5.5)].

In a randomized, single-dose, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled crossover pharmacodynamic study of 43 experienced marijuana smokers, “drug liking” responses and safety of SYNDROS were compared with placebo and dronabinol in sesame oil oral capsules. Treatment arms were 10 mg and 30 mg dronabinol capsules, 10 mg and 30 mg dronabinol from SYNDROS, and placebo oral solution and capsules. Greater “drug liking” scores were reported with the 30 mg dose, compared with the 10 mg dose, for both SYNDROS and dronabinol-containing capsules. Overall, the pharmacodynamic results from this study demonstrated no statistically significant differences in various measures of drug liking for the doses taken, though the SYNDROS results were consistently greater than those of dronabinol capsules. Similarly, observed adverse reactions were greater for SYNDROS. The pharmacodynamic and safety effects of SYNDROS following multiple doses have not been evaluated.

Patients should be instructed to keep SYNDROS in a secure place out of reach of others for whom the medication has not been prescribed.
Continuous femoral nerve analgesia technique is relatively safe, can be easily trained, and reduces significantly intravenous opioid consumption. These favorable features make it standard treatment option for postoperative knee pain. However, direct perineural local anesthetic effect is not only confined into pain fiber, but, the other sensory and motor nerve fibers. Therefore, unwanted motor weakness is accompanied. Quadriceps muscle strength, which is important determinant of physical function after knee arthroplasty, can be influenced in continuous femoral nerve block. Various local anesthetic infusion techniques have been suggested to minimize the change of quadriceps muscle strength. Decreasing local anesthetic concentrations affect not only degree of muscle weakness, but also reduces the quality of pain control. Different anatomic location of catheter tip, considering motor fiber in posterior part of femoral nerve, could not reduce motor weakness. In a study with continuous popliteal-sciatic nerve blocks after hallux valgus repair, repeated bolus administration seems to be more effective method for pain control without concurrent motor impairment. However, another study with continuous femoral nerve block in healthy volunteers, hourly repeated bolus dose of 5 ml of 0.1% ropivacaine failed to spare motor block. Previously, our institution standard technique is fixed continuous infusion of 0.2% ropivacaine and concomitant intravenous patient controlled fentanyl. Because physical therapy of our institution, usually starts with the 2nd day of operation, so, we assume that continuous fixed infusion may result in more drug accumulation near nerve fiber. So, patient controlled mode of femoral analgesia could be better choice for initiation of physical therapy. At the same time, comparison between patient controlled analgesia and continuous infusion is not fully elucidated until recently. Therefore, in this study, we try to compare quadriceps muscle strength change between continuous infusion and patient controlled femoral analgesia in patients undergoing total knee replacement arthroplasty. Secondary outcomes include sensory effect in femoral nerve distribution, pain scores, iv fentanyl consumption, and other adverse effects.
Congenital diarrhea and enteropathies (CODEs) constitute a group of rare genetic disorders characterized by severe diarrhea and malabsorption in the neonatal period or early infancy. Timely diagnosis and treatment is essential to prevent life-threatening complications, including dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and malnutrition. This review offers a simplified approach to the diagnosis of CODEs, with a specific focus on microvillus inclusion disease (MVID), congenital tufting enteropathy (CTE), congenital chloride diarrhea (CLD), and congenital sodium diarrhea (CSD). Patients with CODEs typically present with severe watery or occasionally bloody diarrhea, steatorrhea, dehydration, poor growth, and developmental delay. Therefore, it is crucial to thoroughly evaluate infants with diarrhea to rule out infectious, allergic, or anatomical causes before considering CODEs as the underlying etiology. Diagnostic investigations for CODEs encompass various modalities, including stool tests, blood tests, immunological studies, endoscopy and biopsies for histology and electron microscopy, and next-generation sequencing (NGS). NGS plays a pivotal role in identifying the genetic mutations responsible for CODEs. Treatment options for CODEs are limited, often relying on total parenteral nutrition for hydration and nutritional support. In severe cases, intestinal transplantation may be considered. The long-term prognosis varies among specific CODEs, with some patients experiencing ongoing intestinal failure and associated complications. In conclusion, the early recognition and accurate diagnosis of CODEs are of paramount importance for implementing appropriate management strategies. Further research and advancements in genetic testing hold promise for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and exploring potential targeted therapies for these rare genetic disorders.
OBJECTIVE: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disorder characterized by the gradual degradation of joint cartilage and local inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the anti-OA effect of scutellarein (SCU), a single-unit flavonoid compound obtained from Scutellaria barbata D. Don, in rats.
METHODS: The extracted rat chondrocytes were treated with SCU and IL-1β. The chondrocytes were divided into control group, IL-1β group, IL-1β+SCU 50 µmol/L group, and IL-1β+SCU 100 µmol/L group. Morphology of rat chondrocytes was observed by toluidine blue and safranin O staining. CCK-8 method was used to detect the cytotoxicity of SCU. ELISA, qRT-PCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, SAβ-gal staining, flow cytometry, and bioinformatics analysis were applied to evaluate the effect of SCU on rat chondrocytes under IL-1β intervention. Additionally, anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACL-T) was used to establish a rat OA model. Histological changes were detected by safranin O/fast green, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS: SCU protected cartilage and exhibited anti-inflammatory effects via multiple mechanisms. Specifically, it could enhance the synthesis of extracellular matrix in cartilage cells and inhibit its degradation. In addition, SCU partially inhibited the nuclear factor kappa-B/mitogen-activated protein kinase (NF-κB/MAPK) pathway, thereby reducing inflammatory cytokine production in the joint cartilage. Furthermore, SCU significantly reduced IL-1β-induced apoptosis and senescence in rat chondrocytes, further highlighting its potential role in OA treatment. In vivo experiments revealed that SCU (at a dose of 50 mg/kg) administered for 2 months could significantly delay the progression of cartilage damage, which was reflected in a lower Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) score, and reduced expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) in cartilage.
CONCLUSION: SCU is effective in the therapeutic management of OA and could serve as a potential candidate for future clinical drug therapy for OA.
PURPOSE:To obtain a bathing agent composition effective in improving the quality of bath water, enabling comfortable bathing and maintaining the bathtub and bath heater by using an acylamino acid, its salt and ester salt singly or in combination. CONSTITUTION:The objective bathing agent composition contains an amino acid having 12-18C acyl group (e.g. glutamic acid, arginine or lysine), its salt (e.g. Na salt) and ester salt (e.g. ethyl ester) singly or in combination. The acylamino acid captures various metallic ions and exhibits bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects on a wide variety of bacteria such as lactobacillus, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and pathogenic bacteria. The surface activity of the composition prevents the deposition of suspending foreign materials on the wall of bathtub. The compound remaining in drainage can rapidly be decomposed by biodegradation and is safe to human body.
The present invention provides a method of increasing the binding avidity of integrin cell surface receptors for their ligands by providing the cations. Preferably, the receptor utilized in this method is the fibronectin, vitronectin, laminin, or a collagen receptor, although other integrins can also be used. Among the cations which result in an increase in binding avidity are the cations Mn?2+, Co2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+. Gd3+¿ results in decreased avidity of the fibronectin and vitronectin receptors for their ligands. The method can be employed with a ligand matrix column in order to increase the yield of receptors purified therewith. The invention can also be used to increase the binding of receptors to a substrate, as in an ELISA or radioreceptor assay, and to increase the migration of cells.
The present invention relates to mammalian receptors, particularly human pheromone receptors and the expression of these receptors in selected cells and tissues. More specifically, the invention encompasses novel human vomeronasal organ (VNO) receptors. The invention contemplates nucleic acid molecules and fragments thereof encoding human pheromone receptors and agents that specifically bind to the polypeptides comprising human pheromone receptors. The invention also encompasses vectors and cells for producing the nucleic acid molecules encoding human pheromone receptors as well as vectors and cells for expressing receptor polypeptides. The invention further relates to methods for isolation, characterization and detection of the nucleic acid molecules, polypeptides, and agents that bind to the receptors. The invention also encompasses diagnosis and treatment of diseases or disorders related to the aberrant expression of the human pheromone receptors hV3R1 and hV3R8.
Valacyclovir oral solution as administered in standard of care. Dosage: 10 mg/kg BID for children weighing less than 40 kg and 500 mg BID for children weighing 40 kg or more.
A process is disclosed for preparing a hair lotion and a hair gel for treating hair fall and for causing new hair growth. The disclosed hair lotion and hair gel based on natural products allows hair fall to be stopped and new hair growth to be otained within a very short time both in men and women. To produce the hair gel, the cold-pressed cellular tissue (meristem) of various sorts of cacti, pampas grass, ribwort, dandelion and nettle plants are used as natural products, depending on the latitude, together with 30-50 % alcohol. The hair lotion is based on the same products, mixed with spray-dried L-aminoacids, extracted by disaggregation from tissue protein, as well as potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron. The hair gel and hair lotion  are used to treat androgenetic alopecia, as well as alopecia areata. In the latter case, very successful results have been obtained even in cases where hair fall had lasted for may years.
The present invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating recurrent oral ulcer, which belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine compositions. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is composed of 15 to 20 shares of puff-ball, 6 to 9 shares of alum, 1 to 4 shares of borneol, 0 to 6 shares of licorice root and 0 to 9 shares of natural indigo. All raw medicinal materials are pulverized into fine powder, and external application medicine powder is prepared. The medicine of the present invention has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic material, relieving inflammation, relieving pain, eliminating dampness and promoting wound healing. The medicine can be used for treating tonsillitis, thrush, throat swelling pain, gingival swelling pain and oral mucosa swelling pain, particularly recurrent oral ulcer. The present invention has the advantages of rapid effect taking and high curative rate.
FIELD: medicine, surgery. SUBSTANCE: gauze napkin is impregnated with composition of the following composition, wt.-%: gentamycin sulfate 0.5-0.7 (as measured for an active substance); natural biostimulating agent - collagen-containing extract 43-58; glycerol 4.5-5.3, and purified water 52-36. Napkin exhibits the improved curative property, increased wettability and provides the prolonged curative effect for 2-3 days. Napkin can be used for treatment of wounds and burns at all stages of wound process. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of preparation. 4 cl, 4 tbl
INTRODUCTION: Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) by mass administration of sulfadoxine pyrimethamine + amodiaquine (SPAQ) reduces the burden of malaria in children aged 3–59 months. The occurrence of adverse drug reaction (ADR) may affect the success of this intervention. There are few studies of SMC adverse event surveillance in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Burkina Faso, a highly endemic country. Our main objective was to characterize the ADRs reported during SMC campaigns in Burkina Faso. Secondly, we evaluated the performance of the pharmacovigilance integrated into the SMC program in order to support safe administration of SMC.
METHOD: This was a retrospective descriptive study of SMC individual case safety reports recorded in VigiBase® in Burkina Faso from 2014 to 2021. We used the P-method for the analysis of preventable serious adverse drug reactions and WHO criteria for assessing the performance of pharmacovigilance integrated into the SMC program.
RESULTS: A total of 1,105 SMC individual case safety reports were registered in VigiBase® for 23,311,453 doses of SPAQ given between 2014 and 2021. No pharmacovigilance signal was detected. The number of serious cases was 101, of which 23 (22.8%) were preventable. In 38.1% of children, the occurrence of ADRs led to discontinuation of SMC treatment. Vomiting was the most frequently reported adverse drug reaction (48.0%). The proportion of children whose treatment was discontinued due to vomiting was 42.7%, while the proportion of treatment discontinuation for other ADRs was 32.8% (p = 0.01). The SMC program contributed at 46.2% to the national pharmacovigilance database. The reporting rate was 0.03 per 1,000 exposed children in 2021. The median completeness score of the ICSRs was 0.7 (IQR: 0.5–0.7), and the median time to register the ICSRs in VigiBase® was 204 (IQR: 143–333) days.
CONCLUSIONS: Post-drug administration vomiting may interfere with the purpose of SMC. Measures to manage this adverse drug reaction should be taken to improve the success of the SMC program. Based on the information on reporting time and reporting rate, spontaneous reporting should be supported by active surveillance, including cohort event monitoring, in Burkina Faso.
While there is substantial evidence supporting the use of Virtual Reality (VR) during dressing changes for burn victims, there are little information of the effect of VR to decrease pain after surgery. Although pharmacological analgesics are popular in clinical practice, this approach usually is associated with side effects, most commonly nausea, cognitive dysfunction, and constipation. Generally, VR effects are based on gate theory of cognitive load, due to the fact that conscious attention is needed to perceive pain and we can process a finite amount of information.High-Tech-VR devices shown to be more effective in reducing pain than are Low-Tech-VR systems (Prothero, J. D., \& Hoffman, H. D, 1995). In addition, studies have shown that interactivity play an important role to decrease both, pain unpleasantness and time spent thinking about pain, while increasing fun (Wender, R., et al., 2010, Gromala, D., et al 2011). Thus, interactivity helps patients to have a better immersion into VR world. Considering this, in the proposed study, patients will be randomized to either receive a high immersive and interactive VR environment using Oculus Rift Headset in addition to standard care or to receive only standard care during their post-operative care following surgery to prospectively assess the utility of virtual reality (VR) for pain management following varicose vein, hernia repair and gallbladder surgeries.
Subjects in this arm will receive a simple silicon bracelet. This bracelet has six symbols to remind parents that their child needs to get at least six vaccination visits before he reaches 2 years of age. The first five symbols are represented by a crescent shape and the sixth symbol is represented by a star shape to denote that the child is fully immunized.
Liver zonation characterizes the separation of metabolic pathways along the lobules and is required for optimal hepatic function. Wnt signaling is a master regulator of spatial liver zonation. A perivenous-periportal Wnt activity gradient orchestrates metabolic zonation by activating gene expression in perivenous hepatocytes, while suppressing gene expression in their periportal counterparts. However, the understanding as to the liver gene zonation and zonation regulators in diseases is limited. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic liver disease characterized by fat accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis. Here, we investigated the perturbation of liver gene zonation in a mouse NASH model by combining spatial transcriptomics, bulk RNAseq and in situ hybridization. Wnt-target genes represented a major subset of genes showing altered spatial expression in the NASH liver. The altered Wnt-target gene expression levels and zonation spatial patterns were in line with the up regulation of Wnt regulators and the augmentation of Wnt signaling. Particularly, we found that the Wnt activator Rspo3 expression was restricted to the perivenous zone in control liver but expanded to the periportal zone in NASH liver. AAV8-mediated RSPO3 overexpression in controls resulted in zonation changes, and further amplified the disturbed zonation of Wnt-target genes in NASH, similarly Rspo3 knockdown in Rspo3+/- mice resulted in zonation changes of Wnt-target genes in both chow and HFD mouse. Interestingly, there were no impacts on steatosis, inflammation, or fibrosis NASH pathology from RSPO3 overexpression nor Rspo3 knockdown. In summary, our study demonstrated the alteration of Wnt signaling in a mouse NASH model, leading to perturbed liver zonation.
As COVID-19 continues, an increasing number of patients develop long COVID symptoms varying in severity that last for weeks, months, or longer. Symptoms commonly include lingering loss of smell and taste, hearing loss, extreme fatigue, and "brain fog." Still, persistent cardiovascular and respiratory problems, muscle weakness, and neurologic issues have also been documented. A major problem is the lack of clear guidelines for diagnosing long COVID. Although some studies suggest that long COVID is due to prolonged inflammation after SARS-CoV-2 infection, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The broad range of COVID-19's bodily effects and responses after initial viral infection are also poorly understood. This workshop brought together multidisciplinary experts to showcase and discuss the latest research on long COVID and chronic inflammation that might be associated with the persistent sequelae following COVID-19 infection.
Purpose: The present study which addressed adults who stutter (AWS) attempted to investigate power spectral dynamics in the stuttering state by answering the questions using quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG). Method: A 64-channel electroencephalography (EEG) setup was used for data acquisition at 20 AWS. Since the speech, especially stuttering, causes significant noise in the EEG, 2 conditions of speech preparation (SP) and imagined speech (IS) were considered. EEG signals were decomposed into 6 bands. The corresponding sources were localized using the standard low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) tool in both fluent and dysfluent states. Results: Significant differences were noted after analyzing the time-locked EEG signals in fluent and dysfluent utterances. Consistent with previous studies, poor alpha and beta suppression in SP and IS conditions were localized in the left frontotemporal areas in a dysfluent state. This was partly true for the right frontal regions. In the theta range, disfluency was concurrence with increased activation in the left and right motor areas. Increased delta power in the left and right motor areas as well as increased beta2 power over left parietal regions was notable EEG features upon fluent speech. Conclusion: Based on the present findings and those of earlier studies, explaining the neural circuitries involved in stuttering probably requires an examination of the entire frequency spectrum involved in speech.
A wearable device has user movement sensors and core contraction sensors. Signals from the sensors are transmitted to a processor which analyzes the movement signals and determines when a qualifying movement is performed which benefits from core contraction. Signals from the core contraction sensors are also transmitted to the processor and are used to determine if the core is contracted during the qualifying movement. If the core is contracted during the qualifying movement, the movement is a protected qualifying movement. However, if the core is not contracted during the qualifying movement the movement is an unprotected qualifying movement. The system can inform the user when unprotected qualifying movements are performed.