anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A specific binding protein having first and second binding regions, e.g. antibody Fv frag-ments, which specifically recognise and bind to target entities, said binding regions being con-tained at least in part on respectively first and second polypeptide chains, said chains addition-ally incorporating respectively first and second associating domains, e.g. antibody VH and VL domains, which are capable of binding to each other, causing the first and second polypep-tide chains to combine, thereby providing a single protein incorporating the binding specif-icities of said first and second binding regions. The first and second binding regions may re-cognise different target entities, giving a bispecific binding protein. Preferably the associat-ing domains are derived from a human protein (i.e. one which has been exposed to the human immune system), so that the protein is less likely to provoke the human immune sys-tem when administered therapeutically. The binding protein is suitably produced by recom-binant DNA expression.
Ischemic stroke is divided into acute phase, subacute phase, and recovery phase, with different pathological and physiological characteristics manifested at each stage. Among them, immune and inflammatory reactions persist for several days and weeks after ischemia. Ischemic stroke not only triggers local inflammation in damaged brain regions but also induces a disorder in the immune system, thereby promoting neuroinflammation and exacerbating brain damage. Therefore, conducting an in-depth analysis of the interaction between the central nervous system and the immune system after ischemic stroke, intervening in the main factors of the interaction between them, blocking pathological cascades, and thereby reducing brain inflammation have become the treatment strategies for ischemic stroke. This study summarizes and sorts out the interaction pathways between the central nervous system and the immune system. The impact of the central nervous system on the immune system can be analyzed from the perspective of the autonomic nervous system, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis(HPA), and local inflammatory stimulation. The impact of the immune system on the central nervous system can be analyzed from the dynamic changes of immune cells. At the same time, the relevant progress in the prevention and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is summarized, so as to provide new insights for the analysis of complex mechanisms of TCM in preventing and treating ischemic stroke.
A therapeutic shampoo composition for the treatment of the hair and scalp of humans and animals comprises 5-7-diiodo-8 hydroxyquinoline in the form of a water and/or alcohol suspension containing a detergent.  Specified alcohols are low molecular weight aliphatic alcohols of 1-5 carbon atoms e.g. isopropyl, n-propyl, isobutyl and ethyl alcohol.  The water and/or alcohol suspensions employ suspending agents e.g. bentonite, colloidal magnesium silicate, attapulgus clay, tragacanth, carboxy methyl cellulose or cetyl alcohol.  The compositions are formulated as shampoos using (i) anionic detergents e.g. the alkyl aryl sulphonates such as Nacconal, "Santomerse" (Registered Trade Mark) and Ultrawet, alkyl phosphate salts and alkyl sulphate derivatives such as sodium lauryl sulphate and triethanolamine lauryl sulphate.  (ii) Cationic detergents e.g. sulphosuccinamates such as n-octadecyl disodium sulphosuccinamate, tetrasodium sulphosuccinamate and n - octadecyl tetrasodium (1 - 2 - carboxy ethyl sulphosuccinamate).  (iii) Non-ionic detergents e.g. sulphonated fatty amines, anhydrohexitol partial oleate, sorbitan mono-laurate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate.  Foam builders may also be added to the shampoos e.g. inorganic phosphate salts such as mono-sodium phosphate, derivatives of polyoxyethylene esters, long chain amides, cellulose derivatives and sequestering agents.  Other additives include perfume oil and glyceryl mono-ricinoleate.
Sulindac pharmacokinetics have been investigated in patients with renal insufficiency. The disposition of sulindac was studied in end-stage renal disease patients requiring hemodialysis. Plasma concentrations of sulindac and its sulfone metabolite were comparable to those of normal healthy volunteers whereas concentrations of the active sulfide metabolite were significantly reduced. Plasma protein binding was reduced and the AUC of the unbound sulfide metabolite was about half that in healthy subjects.

Sulindac and its metabolites are not significantly removed from the blood in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Since sulindac tablets are eliminated primarily by the kidneys, patients with significantly impaired renal function should be closely monitored.

A lower daily dosage should be anticipated to avoid excessive drug accumulation.

In controlled clinical studies sulindac tablets were evaluated in the following five conditions:
Hyperglycemia exacerbates ischemic brain injury by up-regulating autophagy. However, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. This study aims to determine whether hyperglycemia activates autophagy through the p53-Sesn2-AMPK signaling pathway. Rats were subjected to 30-min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with reperfusion for 1- and 3-day under normo- and hyperglycemic conditions; and HT22 cells were exposed to oxygen deprivation (OG) or oxygen-glucose deprivation and re-oxygenation (OGD/R) with high glucose. Autophagy inhibitors, 3-MA and ARI, were used both in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that, compared with the normoglycemia group (NG), hyperglycemia (HG) increased infarct volume and apoptosis in penumbra area, worsened neurological deficit, and augmented autophagy. after MCAO followed by 1-day reperfusion. Further, HG promoted the conversion of LC-3I to LC-3II, decreased p62, increased protein levels of aldose reductase, p53, P-p53ser15, Sesn2, AMPK and numbers of autophagosomes and autolysosomes, detected by transmission electron microscopy and mRFP-GFP-LC3 molecular probe, in the cerebral cortex after ischemia and reperfusion injury in animals or in cultured HT22 cells exposed to hypoxia with high glucose content. Finally, experiments with autophagy inhibitors 3-MA and aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI) revealed that while both inhibitors reduced the number of TUNEL positive neurons and reversed the effects of hyperglycemic ischemia on LC3 and p62, only ARI decreased the levels of p53, P-p53ser15. These results suggested that hyperglycemia might induce excessive autophagy to aggravate the brain injury resulted from I/R and that hyperglycemia might activate the p53-Sesn2-AMPK signaling pathway, in addition to the classical PI3K/AKT/mTOR autophagy pathway.
OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to comprehensively evaluate the changes in facial skin biophysical parameters with age, as well the influence of gender differences in populations of Shaanxi Province, China.
METHODS: Fourteen skin parameters, including stratum corneum hydration (SCH), transdermal water loss (TEWL), erythema, melanin, R0, R2, R5, R7, F4, gloss, skin surface pH, skin erythema index (a*), wrinkle length, and sebum, were measured by noninvasive instruments in 481 volunteers from Shaanxi Province. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between skin parameters and age. Additionally, skin parameters were analyzed for different age groups and different genders.
RESULTS: The results of the study showed a linear decrease in skin surface pH and sebum content with age, and the skin elasticity parameters R0, R2, R5, and R7 decreased significantly at the age of 54-65 years. Wrinkle length showed a linear and increase with age. R5 showed a weak negative correlation with age, R2, R7, and sebum content showed a moderate negative correlation, while wrinkle length showed a strong positive correlation. Considering the effect of gender on skin parameters, the results showed that SCH and gloss were lower in men than in women, while TEWL, erythema, melanin, wrinkle length, and sebum were higher than in women. However, there was no difference in skin elasticity between them.
CONCLUSION: The facial skin parameters, especially for the wrinkle length, exhibited the strong correlation relationship with ages in Shaanxi Province. Meanwhile, most skin parameters show significant differences with gender, which can provide a reference for future research and development in the field of cosmetics.
BACKGROUND: Frailty is a common global concern that is closely related to aging, especially in Japan. This study clarifies the relationship between living arrangements and frailty among older Japanese adults and the effect of social participation based on gender, with the aim of developing social preventive and intervention strategies.
METHODS: Panel data were obtained from the 2016 and 2019 Japan Gerontological Evaluation Studies. A total of 23,630 older adults, aged 65 years and older, were included. Frailty was assessed using the Kihon Checklist. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between living arrangements and frailty and the effect of social participation based on gender.
RESULTS: A total of 1,589 (6.72 %) participants reported the new onset of frailty. No independent association was found between living arrangements and frailty, regardless of gender, after controlling for covariates. Diverse forms of social participation decreased the risk for frailty among men. For women, living with a spouse was associated with a higher risk for frailty, compared with women who lived alone; however, women who lived with children and participated in three or more social activities had a lowered risk for frailty.
CONCLUSIONS: For men, social participation played a more important role in the risk for frailty than did living arrangement. However, social participation moderated the association between living arrangements and frailty in women. Therefore, the promotion of social participation can be included in health prevention and intervention programs to decrease the risk for frailty.
The invention discloses an application of a urea transporter (UT) inhibitor Youbi, of which the structural formula is represented as follows. In the invention, by means of erythrocyte model screening, the compound inhibiting UT is obtained. An experimental result proves that the compounds, such as the Youbi, can inhibit the permeability, induced by the UT-B, of urea through erythrocytes membrane, wherein the effect of the Youbi has a dosage dependent relationship. In an effective dosage range, the Youbi is free of cyto-toxicity on MDCK cells, which proves that the effect of inhibition the permeability of the urea through cells by the Youbi is independent of the cyto-toxicity. The Youbi is gradually enhanced in the inhibition effect on the UT-B and the inhibition effect of the Youbi on the UT-B is reversible. An in-vivo test result proves that the Youbi can significantly increase the urine output of mice, can reduce the concentration of urea in the urine of mice and can reduce the osmotic pressure, so that it is proves that the Youbi has a urea-selective diuretic effect in-vivo.
The invention discloses a compound lactobacillus plantarum preparation with a blood sugar reducing function and application thereof. The invention provides a composite bacterium, which consists of lactobacillus plantarum SS18-5 and lactobacillus plantarum SS 18-37. In the composite bacteria, the CFU ratio of the lactobacillus plantarum SS18-5 to the lactobacillus plantarum SS18-37 is 1 (0.01-100). Lactobacillus plantarum SS18-5 with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 14917. Lactobacillus plantarum SS18-37 with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 14918. The invention also protects the application of the compound bacteria in preparing products; the product is used for treating and/or preventing diabetes. The invention has good effect of reducing blood sugar for diabetes, obviously improves insulin resistance, and has protection effect on heart, liver, kidney, spleen and pancreas. The invention has wide market application prospect.
There are few data regarding the coadministration of radiation therapy and epirubicin hydrochloride. In adjuvant trials of epirubicin hydrochloride-containing CEF-120 or FEC-100 chemotherapies, breast irradiation was delayed until after chemotherapy was completed. This practice resulted in no apparent increase in local breast cancer recurrence relative to published accounts in the literature. A small number of patients received epirubicin hydrochloride-based chemotherapy concomitantly with radiation therapy but had chemotherapy interrupted in order to avoid potential overlapping toxicities. It is likely that use of epirubicin hydrochloride with radiotherapy may sensitize tissues to the cytotoxic actions of irradiation. Administration of epirubicin hydrochloride after previous radiation therapy may induce an inflammatory recall reaction at the site of the irradiation.
INTRODUCTION: Pulsatile tinnitus (PT) occurs in many but not all patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). It is poorly understood why some patients with IIH develop PT, yet others do not. The purpose of this study was to determine if any clinical findings differ between those with and without PT in IIH, potentially shedding light on a pathophysiologic mechanism.
METHODS: Age-matched cohort analysis of patients with documented IIH and presence or absence of PT was performed, collecting data including body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, visual acuity, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) opening pressure, sleep apnea, migraines, and transient visual obscurations, among others. Independent-sample t test and χ2 test were used to analyze continuous and binary variables, respectively, with multivariate analysis conducted including variables statistically significant on univariate analysis.
RESULTS: Eighty subjects with IIH met the inclusion criteria (40 PT+, 40 PT-). CSF opening pressure showed no significant difference between the two groups. The PT+ cohort was found to have an average BMI of 45.1 kg/m 2 , which was significantly higher than the PT- group (37.7 kg/m 2 ; p = 0.0023). PT+ pulse pressure (60.1 mm Hg) was also significantly higher than the PT- group (51.6 mm Hg; p = 0.019). PT+ patients were also significantly more likely to have sleep apnea ( p < 0.001) and migraines ( p = 0.0036). Multiple logistic regression revealed an adjusted odds ratio of 13.9 for sleep apnea, 4.1 for migraines, and 1.01 for every increase in unit of BMI.
CONCLUSION: Among patients with IIH, presence of PT is associated with higher BMI and pulse pressure, and increased incidence of sleep apnea and migraines. Given no significant difference in CSF pressures between the two groups, PT may not be a product of increased disease severity but may be related to sequelae of obesity, such as increased pulse pressure and sleep apnea.
Group 7 - Recurrent or Refractory Neuroblastoma -With Measurable Disease. Patients receive cixutumumab IV over 1 hour on days 1, 8, 15, and 22. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 24 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Malnutrition in children remains a global public health challenge. The consequences are often severe and deadly, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where malnutrition contributes to \~half of deaths in children under five years of age. Pakistan is among those nations with the highest burden of stunting (40.2%), wasting (17.7%), and micronutrient deficiency in children under five years of age. Recently, scientists discovered that the trillions of microbes (gut microbiome) that live in the human gut affect the nutritional status and overall health of children during the initial years of life. In this context, research studies from developing countries, where malnutrition is common, have reported an impaired or immature gut microbiome in malnourished (stunted, wasted, and underweight) children compared to matched healthy controls and it does not repair even after nutritional intervention. Therefore, a nutritional intervention strategy that does not take into account the gut microbiome microbiota will fail to ameliorate the long-term consequences of malnutrition.

In this prospective cohort study from Pakistan, healthy infants (n=70) aged 0 - 28 days will be recruited from rural and remote areas of District Swat and followed at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Ante-natal and postnatal history, Dietary intake data, dietary diversity, Infant and young child feeding (IYCF practices), and Health outcomes data will be collected at baseline and followup. The investigators will also collect dry blood spot, stool and oral swab samples and conduct anthropometric assessments of both mother and the baby at each time point. Advanced, next-generation sequencing technology will be used to explore gut microbiome diversity and functional potential.
The superficial peroneal nerve, deep peroneal nerve, tibial nerve, gastrocnemius nerve, and saphenous nerve were sequentially blocked from one-third of the lower leg to the middle leg (about 15cm above the inner or outer ankle). 0.375% ropivacaine is used for the block and the total dose is 35ml. The ultrasound probe is placed vertical to the longitudinal axis of the body. On the lateral of tibia and fibula, 5ml of local anesthetic was injected to block the superficial peroneal nerve and 10ml for the deep peroneal nerve. On the posterior of the calf, 10ml of local anesthetic was injected to block the tibial nerve and 5ml for the sural nerve. On the inner side of the calf, 5ml of local anesthetic was injected to block the saphenous nerve.
The following are claimed: (A) an isolated hepatitis C virus (HCV) a sialoglycoprotein (AG) selected from E1 and E2; (B) a method for purifying HCV AGs, which comprises (a) contacting a compsn. contg. HCV AGs with a mannose-binding protein, e.g. concanavalin A (ConA) or Galanthus nivalus agglutinin (GNA) and (b) isolating the portion of the compsn. which binds to the mannose-binding protein, e.g. by elution with mannose; (c) an assay kit for detecting the presence of HCV AGs, comprising (a) a solid support, (b) a mannose-binding protein, and (c) an antibody specific for the HCV AG, where one of the antibody and the mannose-binding protein is bound to the solid support; (D) a method for determining exposure to or infection by HCV, in which any HCV in a sample of body fluid is concd. by contact with a mannose-binding protein prior to assay; (E) a cell transformed with a vector for recombinant expression of a HCV AG, where the vector comprises a structural gene encoding a glycosoylation signal, a HCV AG, a regulatory sequence operable in the host cell and capable of regulating expressio fo the HCV AG, and a selectable marker, where the cell does not sialylate glycoproteins; and (F) a method for reducing or eliminatng the presence of HCV in plasma, serum or other biological liquids.
Sapogenins are extracted from saponinbearing plant material by subjecting it to the action of aqueous non-oxidizing acid to effect hydrolysis of the saponins, separating the acid solution from the water-insoluble material, which includes the sapogenin formed and fibrous material, and extracting the water-insoluble material with a solvent for the sapogenin, preferably after neutralization with a metal base.  Advantageously the plant material is first comminuted and dried (in some cases after extraction with a fat solvent which is a non-solvent for the saponin, to remove fats and waxes), the acid treatment is effected at a temperature of at least 75 DEG  C. (e.g. above 100 DEG  C. under superatmospheric pressure), and the extraction of the sapogenin is effected with a heated (e.g. refluxing) organic solvent therefor (which is preferably water-immiscible and may in this case be subsequently expelled from the extract by steam distillation).  Suitable acids are those with a dissociation constant of at least 10-3 (preferably as high as 10-2), e.g. toluene-, methane- and ethane-sulphonic acids, chlorosulphonic, sulphuric, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, phosphoric, sulphurous and phosphorous acids, mono-, diand tri-chloroacetic acids, bromoacetic, trifluoroacetic, oxalic, maleic, o-nitrobenzoic and thiosulphuric acids, or also acid reacting reagents such as aluminium chloride, zinc bromide, phosphoric anhydride and sulphur trioxide, whilst neutralization may be effected with such bases as sodium or potassium hydroxide, barium oxide, calcium oxide or hydroxide, or soda lime. Preferred solvents are hexane, ligroin, heptane, octane, gasoline, kerosene, benzene, naphtha, toluene, xylene, chloroform, ethylene chloride, methylene chloride, ethyl bromide, tri- and tetra-chloroethylene, ethyl, isopropyl and butyl ethers, diethyl, methyl isopropyl and methyl isobutyl ketones, ethyl, isopropyl and butyl acetates, n-butanol and amyl alcohol, but water-miscible solvents such as methyl, ethyl or isobutyl alcohol or acetone may also be used. The process may be combined with that of Specification 753,137. Examples describe the extraction of: (1) diosgenin (and its acetate by acetylation) from dioscorea roots; (2) hecogenin (and its acetate) from Mexican sisal leaves and stalks; (3) sarsa-sapogenin (and its acetate) from yucca leaves; (4) dianhydrogitoxigenin from oleander leaves; (5) glycyrrhetic acid from licquorice roots; (6) oleanolic acid (and its acetate) from guaiac bark; (7) monoanhydroconvallatoxigenin (isolated as its benzoate by treatment with benzoyl chloride and pyridine) from lily of the valley leaves and flowers.
BACKGROUND: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurological disease affecting the central nervous system and significantly impacting patients' quality of life. MS is known as an autoimmune disease affecting the white matter. The disease involves inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration, causing irreversible disabilities. Current treatments for MS target the inflammatory phase, with limited effects on long-term disability. While neuronal damage significantly contributes to MS pathology, mechanisms of neurodegeneration are not well studied.
METHODS: This study evaluated neurodegenerative changes in the retina during disease progression, using data collected from an experimental MS model (Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, EAE). Utilizing Hematoxylin and Eosin-stained retinal sections and assessment using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), the study investigated the neurodegenerative changes, such as loss of cells in the retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL) and retinal thinning in the retina of the EAE model and the control groups.
RESULTS: Our results showed a significant reduction in the number of cells in the GCL of the EAE retina at two different time points studied, suggesting loss of neurons compared to the control group. Thickness measurements showed a reduction in the total retina and inner retinal layer thicknesses in the EAE retina compared to the controls. Our results indicate evidence of neurodegenerative changes in the retina of the experimental model of MS. No significant differences were observed between the percent losses of cells between the two time points studied. The pattern of cell loss suggests that neurodegeneration occurs at an earlier stage of disease progression.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the retina is an excellent model to investigate neurodegeneration in MS, and possibly, loss of cells in the GCL could be used as an early indicator of neurodegeneration in MS and to identify novel therapeutic agents to treat the disease.