anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new antitussive agent that contains pseudoephedrine and iodoisopropamide and does not contain an antitussive ingredient.  <P>SOLUTION: The antitussive agent is characterized by containing pseudoephedrine and iodoisopropamide and not containing an antitussive ingredient. The composition containing pseudoephedrine and iodoisopropamide, neither of which has an antitussive effect by itself, has been found to develop the antitussive effect. With the antitussive agent, reduction of the number of components of a general medicine without reducing its effect, avoidance of a drug interaction risk, simplified prescription and reduction of production and development costs are intended. The antitussive agent is further useful for realizing a more effective medicine for a symptom of allergic rhinitis such as pollinosis.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
The present invention relates to a composite injection formulation containing breviscapine and borneol and a preparation method thereof. The present invention particularly relates to a Chinese medicine composite injection formulation which has the functions for activating blood circulation, dissipating blood stasis, activating meridians , stopping pain, inducing reuscitation and restoring consciousness and contains breviscapine and borneol, and a preparation method of the composite injection formulation. The composite injection formulation is prepared from breviscapine which is an effective component, borneol and auxiliary materials which are permitted to be used in an injection medicament according to a compounding ratio. The weight ratio of the borneol which is an effective component of a medicinal raw material to the breviscapine is 1: 1 to 20, and the auxiliary materials which are permitted to be used in the injection medicament are used as the balance. The auxiliary materials which are permitted to be used in the injection medicament is one of solvents, auxiliary solvents, isoosmotic adjusting agents, excipient, stabilizing agents, and pH regulating agents, or a mixture of the solvents, the auxiliary solvents, the isoosmotic adjusting agents, the excipient, the stabilizing agents, and the pH regulating agents. The injection formulation comprises small-volume injection, large-volume injection or powder injection. The present invention also relates to an application of the composite injection formulation which contains breviscapine and borneol in a medicament and is used for treating coronary heart diseases, angina pectoris, cerebral ischemia, cerebral infarction, and sequela of apoplexy angiocarpy and cerebral vessel diseases.
To improve health outcomes, home cooking has been suggested as a solution to reduce intakes of processed foods. However, little is known about how cooking skills or cooking with processed foods influence health. This cross-sectional study examined associations between diet and health outcomes with cooking skills and cooking with processed foods. The dataset included a nationally representative sample of 18 460 adults from Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) annual component rapid response modules on food skills. In the CCHS rapid response modules, diet and health outcomes (fruit and vegetable intake, general health, mental health, and obesity) and data related to cooking skills and cooking with processed foods were collected through self-report. Separate logistic regression models were fitted for each outcome, controlling for age, income, and education, and stratified by sex. Adults with poor cooking skills were less likely to have adequate fruit and vegetable intake (≥5 servings per day) (p < 0.001), very good general health (p < 0.001) or mental health (p < 0.001), and obesity (p = 0.02) compared to advanced cooking skills. Adults who cooked with highly processed foods were less likely to have adequate fruit and vegetable intake (p < 0.001), very good general health (p = 0.002) or mental health (p < 0.001), but more likely to have obesity (p = 0.03) compared to cooking with minimally processed foods. Cooking skills alone appear insufficient to protect against obesity. Results suggest that not only are cooking skills important, but the quality of ingredients also matter. Limiting the use of processed foods in addition to improving cooking skills are potential intervention targets to promote better health and diet outcomes.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive, chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory, and systemic condition that primarily affects the synovial joints and adjacent tissues, including bone, muscle, and tendons. The World Health Organization recognizes RA as one of the most prevalent chronic inflammatory diseases. In the last decade, there was an expansion on the available RA therapeutic options which aimed to improve patient's quality of life. Despite the extensive research and the emergence of new therapeutic approaches and drugs, there are still significant unwanted side effects associated to these drugs and still a vast number of patients that do not respond positively to the existing therapeutic strategies. Over the years, several references to the use of flavonoids in the quest for new treatments for RA have emerged. This review aimed to summarize the existing literature about the flavonoids' effects on the major pathogenic/molecular targets of RA and their potential use as lead compounds for the development of new effective molecules for RA treatment. It is demonstrated that flavonoids can modulate various players in synovial inflammation, regulate immune cell function, decrease synoviocytes proliferation and balance the apoptotic process, decrease angiogenesis, and stop/prevent bone and cartilage degradation, which are all dominant features of RA. Although further investigation is necessary to determine the effectiveness of flavonoids in humans, the available data from in vitro and in vivo models suggest their potential as new disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. This review highlights the use of flavonoids as a promising avenue for future research in the treatment of RA.
Recent studies have demonstrated that newly diagnosed abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT; diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance) are common among the patients with ischemic heart disease. Several large cohort studies indicate that people with prediabetic conditions, such as impaired glucose tolerance, have a raised risk of future cardiovascular disease. Intervention with acarbose can prevent myocardial infarction and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetic and IGT patients. However, the effect of acarbose to secondary prevention of myocardial infarction or cardiovascular events in patients with newly diagnosed AGT after coronary stenting remains unclear. The purpose of the present study is to determine whether the intervention to such abnormalities after coronary stenting will improve the long-term clinical outcome. This is a opened, randomized study to compare acarbose versus a standard lifestyle modification. Patients will have a 1:1 chance of receiving acarbose versus the standard lifestyle modification. There is some research evidence that suggests acarbose may improve clinical outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes and in IGT patients.
Subjects between the ages of 18 and 65 without a diagnosis of asthma or other inflammatory disease were enrolled from the patient population at Wilford Hall Medical Center. Subjects underwent a single blood draw and spirometer.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The effects of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and liver disease remain poorly understood. Our multinational cohort study assessed the effectiveness and safety of DOACs in this high-risk population.
METHODS: We assembled two population-based cohorts in United Kingdom and in Québec of NVAF patients with liver disease initiating DOACs or vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) between 2011 and 2020. Using an as-treated exposure definition, we compared DOACs to VKAs and apixaban to rivaroxaban. After inverse probability of treatment weighting, Cox proportional hazards models estimated site-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of ischemic stroke and major bleeding. Site-specific estimates were pooled using random-effects models. Analyses were repeated among NVAF patients with cirrhosis.
RESULTS: There were 11,881 NVAF patients with liver disease (2683 with cirrhosis). Among those, 8815 initiated DOACs (4414 apixaban, 2497 rivaroxaban) and 3696 VKAs. The HRs (95 % CIs) for DOACs compared to VKAs were 1.01 (0.76-1.34) for ischemic stroke and 0.87 (0.77-0.99) for major bleeding. Results were consistent among patients with cirrhosis. The HRs (95 % CIs) for apixaban compared to rivaroxaban were 0.85 (0.60-1.20) for ischemic stroke and 0.80 (0.68-0.95) for major bleeding. This decreased bleeding risk was not observed among patients with cirrhosis (HR, 1.01; 95 % CI 0.72-1.43).
CONCLUSIONS: Among NVAF patients with liver disease, DOACs were as effective and slightly safer than VKAs, and apixaban was as effective but safer than rivaroxaban. The safety benefit with apixaban was not present among patients with cirrhosis.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes antithrombosis agents containing dermatansulfates or their pharmacologically acceptable salts as effective component. Dermatansulfates were obtained from cock crests that contain 3% or more ΔD-OS in disaccharide component or at molecular mass 25000 Da and above. The combined use of dermatansulfates and plasminogen tissue activator enhances thrombolysis and decreases the dose of the latter. Dermatansulfates can be used for treatment and prophylaxis of different diseases associated with thrombosis (myocardial infarction, multiple intravascular coagulation syndrome and others), for prevention of blood coagulation at artificial circulation, at hemodialysis in patients with renal failure and so on. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness.
The invention discloses hypolipidemic yellow rice wine and a making method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of brewing of health-care food. Hypolipidemic Chinese herbal material extracting liquid is added before storage of yellow rice wine, and the hypolipidemic yellow rice wine is finally obtained after storage, settling, filtering and sterilization. The raw materials of the hypolipidemic yellow rice wine include, by weight, 100 parts of yellow rice wine, 1.0-1.5 parts of raw hawthorn fruit, 2.0-2.5 parts of sealwort, 1.0-1.2 parts of dried lotus leaves, 1.0-1.2 parts of chrysanthemum, 1.5-2.0 parts of barbary wolfberry fruit, 0.6-0.8 part of cape jasmine, 0.5-0.7 part of peach seeds, 0.5-0.6 part of radix pueraiae, 0.5-0.6 part of semen cassiae and 0.2-0.3 part of glycyrrhiza. A Chinese herbal material ultrasonic extracting method has the advantages of saving time and energy, being high in extraction rate and the like. The total flavonoid content of the produced yellow rice wine is 176.78-210.52 mg/100ml. The hypolipidemic effects of relieving obesity, reducing fat, reducing the content of TG, TC and LDL-C and improving the content of HDL-C are realized. The hypolipidemic yellow rice wine can adjust the functions of the cardiovascular system of the human body, has no side and toxic effects, and is suitable for wide people.
The intravitreal injection procedure should be carried out under aseptic conditions, which include use of sterile gloves, a sterile drape, a sterile caliper, and a sterile eyelid speculum (or equivalent). Adequate anesthesia and a broad-spectrum microbicide should be given prior to the injection.

The injection procedure for ILUVIEN is as follows:  
  


  1. The exterior of the tray should not be considered sterile. An assistant (non-sterile) should remove the tray from the carton and examine the tray and lid for damage. If damaged, do not use unit.   
If acceptable, the assistant should peel the lid from the tray without touching the interior surface.
  2. Visually check through the viewing window of the preloaded applicator to ensure that there is a drug implant inside.
  3. Remove the applicator from the tray with sterile gloved hands touching only the sterile interior tray surface and applicator.    
Prior to injection, the applicator tip must be kept above the horizontal plane to ensure that the implant is properly positioned within the applicator. 
  4. To reduce the amount of air administered with the implant, the administration procedure requires two steps. Before inserting the needle into the eye, remove the protective cap then gently push the applicator button down and slide it to the first stop (at the curved black marks alongside the button track). At the first stop, release the button and it should move to the UP position. If the button does not rise to the UP position, do not proceed with this unit.
  5. Optimal placement of the implant is inferior to the optic disc and posterior to the equator of the eye. Measure 4 millimeters inferotemporal from the limbus with the aid of calipers for point of entry into the sclera.
  6. Inspect the tip of the needle to ensure it is not bent. 
  7. Gently displace the conjunctiva so that after withdrawing the needle, the conjunctival and scleral needle entry sites will not align. Care should be taken to avoid contact between the needle and the lid margin or lashes. Insert the needle through the conjunctiva and sclera. To release the implant, while the button is in the UP position, advance the button by sliding it forward to the end of the button track and remove the needle. Note: Ensure that the button reaches the end of the track before removing the needle. 
  8. Remove the lid speculum and perform indirect ophthalmoscopy to verify placement of the implant, adequate central retinal artery perfusion and absence of any other complications.



Following the injection, patients should be monitored for elevation in intraocular pressure and for endophthalmitis. Monitoring may consist of a check for perfusion of the optic nerve head immediately after the injection, tonometry within 30 minutes following the injection, and biomicroscopy between two and seven days following the injection. Patients should be instructed to report without delay any symptoms suggestive of endophthalmitis.
Oral placebo 4 times daily for 6 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Participants who develop grade 3 or 4 diarrhea may then receive CASAD for 6 weeks.
The treatment of choice for most patients with symptomatic nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas is transsphenoidal surgery to improve vision by decompression of the optic chiasm, to prevent the development of endocrine dysfunction, and to treat neurological symptoms such as headache or cranial neuropathies caused by the tumor. The most widely accepted surgical technique is microscopic transsphenoidal surgery, in which an operating microscope is used by the surgeon to provide surgical visualization and a nasal speculum is used to maintain the operative corridor. \[1-4\] Recently, fully endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery, in which surgical visualization is achieved using an endoscope, has been adopted by many pituitary surgeons because the technique offers superior panoramic and angled visualization of the surgical target and may permit greater tumor resection. \[5-10\] There is a vigorous debate in the neurosurgical community about the relative merits of the microscopic and endoscopic techniques. Proponents of the endoscopic technique argue that the superior visualization permits more aggressive tumor resection and better preservation of the normal pituitary gland. Proponents of the microscopic technique argue that it permits shorter operative times, results in similar surgical outcomes, and has a lower complication rate.

Despite the adoption of fully endoscopic surgery by many surgeons, no prospective studies have compared the extent of tumor resection (EOR) between microscopic and endoscopic approaches. Numerous retrospective studies have established the efficacy of each approach, but only a few studies present comparative data.\[11-13\] Recently, McLaughlin et al. noted that the addition of endoscopy to microscopic pituitary surgery enhances tumor removal, particularly in patients with tumors greater than 20 mm in diameter. \[14\] This study raises the intriguing possibility that certain subgroups of patients (e.g. patients with larger tumors) may benefit from endoscopic surgery. In patients with smaller tumors with no cavernous sinus invasion, others have shown that the techniques achieve similar EOR. \[15\] That endoscopy may permit more complete tumor resections is a testable hypothesis.
KEY POINTS: A negative change in serum sodium during a dialysis session is an independent factor associated with prolonged dialysis recovery time. Lower hemoglobin is an independent factor associated with fatigue in hemodialysis patients. Hemodiafiltration use in patients age ≥85 years is associated with a longer dialysis recovery time.
BACKGROUND: Dialysis recovery time (DRT) and fatigue are two important patient-reported outcomes that highly affect hemodialysis patients' well-being and survival. This study aimed to identify all modifiable dialysis-related factors, associated with DRT and fatigue, that could be addressed in future clinical trials.
METHODS: This multicenter observational study included adult patients, undergoing chronic hemodialysis for >3 months during December 2023. Patients admitted to hospital, with cognitive problems or active cancer were excluded. DRT was determined by asking over six sessions: How long did it take you to recover from your last dialysis session? Fatigue was assessed using the French-validated Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology-Hemodialysis fatigue scale. Logistic regression analysis assessed the association between DRT >12 hours and fatigue score ≥4 with all dialysis-related factors. A subanalysis of DRT-related factors was performed for very elderly patients aged 85 years and above.
RESULTS: A total of 536 patients and 2967 sessions were analyzed. The mean age was 68.1±14.3 years, 60.9% were male, 33.2% had diabetes, and 63.3% were on hemodiafiltration. The median dialysate sodium was 138 (136–140). The median DRT was 140 (45–440) minutes, and 14.9% of patients had DRT >12 hours. Fatigue score was 3.1±2.3, 18% had no fatigue, and 37.7% had a score ≥4. DRT was significantly associated with fatigue score. In multivariable regression analysis, intradialytic reduction in serum sodium and frequency of dialysis were significantly associated with DRT. Factors associated with fatigue included female sex and lower hemoglobin. In patients aged 85 years and above, hemodiafiltration was associated with prolonged DRT.
CONCLUSIONS: Modifiable factors associated with prolonged DRT are not exactly similar to those associated with fatigue. Intradialytic reduction in serum sodium and low frequency of dialysis are two independent factors associated with longer DRT, with hemodiafiltration associated with longer recovery in very elderly patients. The hemoglobin level is the modifiable independent factor associated with fatigue. These modifiable factors can be addressed in future interventional trials to improve patients' outcomes.
This invention relates to a color-changeable temperature-sensing hydrogel mask including a mask body and a temperature releasing hydrogel. The mask body is reticular structure constructed by hydrogel obtained by reacting the mixture of alginate, salt compound containing divalent metal ions, hydrophilic monomer, chemical cross-linking agent, and initiator. The temperature releasing hydrogel is interspersed within the reticular structure of the mask body, and includes the hydrogel formed by N-isopropylacrylamide. This invention also provides the preparation method to prepare color-changeable temperature-sensing hydrogel mask. The color-changeable temperature-sensing hydrogel mask made by the preparation method in this invention can gradually change its color with temperature and control the release of essence. Thereby, this color-changeable temperature hydrogel mask can obviously promote the efficacy of the hydrogel mask.
An extracting method of a eucalyptus leaf flavonoid compound. The invention particularly relates to the extracting method of the eucalyptus leaf flavonoid compound. The method includes following steps of performing supercritical CO2 extraction to a mixed extraction material consisting of eucalyptus leaf powder and an immobilized enzyme, wherein an additive, being a mixture of one or more of petroleum ether, ethanol and ethyl acetate, is available during the supercritical CO2 extraction. Compared with a solvent extracting technology widely applied in the prior art, the extracting method is low in residual organic solvent, is free of environmental pollution and is low in impurity content in the obtained eucalyptus leaf flavonoid. By means of the combination between enzymolysis by the immobilized enzyme and the supercritical CO2 extraction for extracting the flavonoid from eucalyptus leaves, the extracting method is low in the residual organic solvent, allows the immobilized enzyme to be recycled, is short in extracting time and is high in yield, wherein the yield of the eucalyptus leaf flavonoid can reach 2.32-3.85%. The extracting method can enable many impurities to be removed and is good in application prospect.
The present study was designed to evaluate the beneficial effects of hydroalcoholic root extract of Withania somnifera (WS) on ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) induced by Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO). MCAO animals showed increase in IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1 levels in terms of mRNA and protein levels. Concomitantly, mRNA and protein levels for astrocyte and microglial activation markers; GFAP and IBA-1, were increased in MCAO animals. COX-2 and NF-kβ protein levels were also increased in the brains of MCAO animals. The levels of neurotransmitters; glutamate and GABA were increased in the MCAO animals. On the contrary, levels of catecholamines; dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin were reduced in the MCAO animals. Additionally, MCAO animals showed reduced locomotor activity. However, pre-supplementation with WS hydro-alcoholic root extract at a dose of 300 mg/kg, body weight to MCAO animals reduced the expression of IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1. In addition, WS also reduced the number of GFAP and Iba-1 positive cells in comparison to MCAO animals. WS pre-supplementation was also observed to inhibit MCAO induced increase in COX-2; NF-kβ proteins and reduce the glutamate levels. The levels of GABA, dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin were increased in WS pre-supplemented MCAO animals. WS pre-supplementation also prevented motor deficits in the MCAO animals. Taken together, these findings suggest that WS is effective in attenuating IRI induced neuroinflammation, neurochemical alterations and motor deficits in MCAO model of ischemic stroke thereby suggesting its ameliorative role in ischemia-reperfusion injury.
The main objective of the current study is to establish the relationship of gut microbiota and development of allergy in 2 populations with different socioeconomic status and prevalence of allergy (high in Singapore and low in Indonesia). A cohort of children will be followed prospectively from birth up to 2 years. Stool from different time points, environmental exposure data and clinical manifestations of allergy will be analyzed and recorded. Singapore and Indonesia will provide the South East Asian context in resolving early life influences associated with divergent allergy prevalence. By studying subjects below age two, this will provide valuable knowledge regarding the epidemiology of allergy and atopy in the first years of life, which is poorly documented in this age group. More importantly, the prospective nature and varied parameters included in this study (colony counts, species variety and genetic diversity of microbiota) will add to the global data and scientific evidence for the role of these factors in allergy development.