anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Wireless capsule endoscopy has opened a new era by enabling remote diagnostic assessment of the gastrointestinal tract in a painless procedure. However, most commercially available devices only utilise optical imaging to examine the GI wall surface. Using this sensing modality, pathology within the GI wall cannot be detected. Micro-ultrasound (mUS) using high-frequency (\>20 MHz) ultrasound can provide a means of transmural or cross-sectional image of the GI tract. Depth of imaging is approximately 10 mm with a resolution of between 40-120 μm that is sufficient to differentiate between subsurface histologic layers of the various regions of the GI tract. Ultrasound capsule endoscopy (USCE) uses a capsule equipped with mUS transducers that are capable of imaging below the GI wall surface, offering thereby a complementary sensing technique to optical imaging capsule endoscopy. In this work, a USCE device integrated with a 40 MHz ultrasonic transducer was developed to capture a full 360˚ image of the lumen. Previous animal studies of two anaesthetised Landrace pigs have demonstrated the effectiveness of the device. The reconstructed images demonstrate clear layer differentiation of the lumen wall. The tissue thicknesses measured from the B-scan images show good agreement with ex vivo images from the literature. The aim of this pilot study is to assess the feasibility and safety of the clinical application of ultrasound capsule endoscopy in esophageal examination compared with conventional endoscopic ultrasound examination.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Acute variceal bleeding (AVB) is a major complication in patients with cirrhosis. Using a nationwide AVB audit, we performed a nested cohort study to determine whether full adherence to the AVB quality indicator (QI) improves clinical outcomes in patients with cirrhosis and AVB.
APPROACH AND RESULTS: We assessed real-world adherence to AVB QI among patients with cirrhosis admitted for AVB in all public hospitals in Singapore between January 2015 and December 2020. Full adherence was considered when all 5 QIs were fulfilled: prophylactic antibiotics, vasoactive agents, timely endoscopy, endoscopic hemostasis during index endoscopy, and nonselective beta-blockers after AVB. We compare 6-week mortality between the full adherence and suboptimal adherence groups using a propensity-matched cohort.A total of 989 patients with AVB were included. Full adherence to all AVB QI was suboptimal (56.5%). Analysis of the propensity-matched cohort with comparable baseline characteristics showed that full adherence was associated with a lower risk of early infection (20.0% vs. 26.9%), early rebleeding (5.2% vs. 10.2%), and mortality at 6 weeks (8.2% vs. 19.7%) and 1 year (21.3% vs. 35.4%) ( p <0.05 for all). While full adherence was associated with a lower 6-week mortality regardless of the MELD score, nonadherence was associated with a higher 6-week mortality despite a lower predicted risk of 6-week mortality. Despite high adherence to the recommended process measures, patients with CTP-C remain at a higher risk of rebleeding, 6-week and 1-year mortality.
CONCLUSIONS: Full adherence to the AVB QI should be the target for quality improvement in patients with cirrhosis.
Both hyper- and hypothermia are problematic in temperature based forensic time since death estimation. Hyperthermia may occur in infection, traumatic brain injury, and intoxication. Hypothermia is encountered predominantly in exposure. Sepsis may present itself clinically as hypothermic. Sepsis is not uncommon in the forensic setting and mostly occurs in the context of malpractice accusations. There is usually little overlap between sepsis and typical forensic time since death estimation scenarios of violent or otherwise suspicious deaths. In the presented case, hypothermia and time since death estimations did collide. An inmate was found dead in his jail cell. Wardens claimed they had visually approached him alive relatively shortly prior. Rectal temperature measurements, using two separate crime scene thermometers as well as temperature loggers, revealed low rectal temperature at relatively high ambient temperature. These findings suggested a much longer postmortem interval and consequently raised doubts about the stated timeline. The wardens' claims were however confirmed by camera recordings, which also allowed a reasonable estimate of the true time of death. The cause of death was confirmed as septic organ failure at autopsy, which explained low rectal temperature. The presence of WISCHNEWSKI-spots was noted. When the PRISM-method was applied to the temperature recordings, low rectal temperature at the time of death was detected successfully. However, adaptation of the underlying equation for lower "starting temperature" did not produce satisfactory results. It is concluded that even though hypothermia at the time of death may possibly be detected from temperature data, attempts at time since death estimation for cases of hypothermia by adaptation of the equation should be avoided.
The combination of heavy alcohol consumption and HIV infection is associated with increased mortality, HIV disease progression, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and a proinflammatory state characterized by increased biomarker levels of inflammation. Heavy alcohol use and HIV infection are both causes of microbial translocation, the process by which bacterial products from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract leak across the GI membrane to the portal circulation. Microbial translocation causes immune activation leading to end organ damage. Alcohol can cause microbial translocation via zinc deficiency. Zinc deficiency is common among HIV-infected heavy drinkers and linked to high mortality rates. Zinc supplementation is affordable, available, does not interfere with ART, and has minimal adverse drug reactions. In animal models zinc reduces ethanol associated microbial translocation. In human studies zinc slows HIV disease progression and reduces levels of inflammatory biomarkers which are strongly linked to mortality. Given zinc's potential efficacy we propose to conduct Zinc for INflammation and Chronic disease in HIV (ZINC HIV), a double-blinded randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of zinc supplementation vs. placebo among 250 HIV+ Russians, who are ART-naive at enrollment and have a recent history of heavy drinking. We will recruit most of our participants from the Russia cohort within the Uganda Russia Boston Alcohol Network for Alcohol Research Collaboration on HIV/AIDS (URBAN ARCH) Consortium study. Our specific aims will test the efficacy of zinc supplementation, compared to placebo to (1) improve markers of mortality as measured by the VACS index; (2) slow HIV disease progression as measured by CD4 cell count; (3) improve markers of AMI risk as measured by the Reynolds risk score; and (4) lower levels of microbial translocation and inflammation as measured by serum biomarkers. We hypothesize that as compared with placebo, patients receiving zinc supplementation will have significantly lower AMI and mortality risk as measured by the VACS index and Reynolds risk scores; higher CD4 cell counts; lower levels of biomarkers for microbial translocation and inflammation. Importantly, if our hypotheses are true, zinc supplementation could ultimately become a standard adjunctive therapy complementing alcohol interventions among HIV-infected persons even in resource limited environments. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The combination of heavy alcohol consumption and HIV infection results in serious health problems and an increased risk of death. Although it is not exactly clear how alcohol and HIV do this, inflammation appears to play an important role. Zinc supplementation has anti-inflammatory properties. This study is designed to see if giving zinc supplementation to HIV infected people who are heavy drinkers reduces the risk of serious health problems and death.
Participants from Canada (aged 6 to \<24 months) received single injection of 7.5 μg adjuvanted TIV, IM at Day 0. Participants for whom 2 doses of influenza vaccine were recommended, a second dose was administered at Day 28.
PURPOSE: Access to hearing assessment is important for children, as poor auditory information can lead to poor speech and oral language development. This study aims to identify enablers and barriers to accessing hearing assessments for Australian children from the perspective of speech-language pathologists (SLPs), comparing access in metropolitan, regional, and rural areas.
METHOD: This is a sequential, explanatory mixed-methods study. Forty-nine participants completed the quantitative survey and 14 participated in semi-structured interviews. The study was undertaken online and included participants from metropolitan, regional, and rural parts of Australian states and territories.
RESULT: Similar accessibility issues were experienced across geographic locations and access to hearing assessment was related to the complexity of individual contexts. Speech-language pathologists felt that awareness and knowledge of hearing loss was low in parents and health professionals. Participants discussed barriers such as long wait times, complex criteria, and inefficient services that lead to compromised outcomes for clients.
CONCLUSION: Barriers to hearing assessment are extensive and multifaceted. Future research might examine the accessibility of the health system in light of the barriers discussed in this research, and whether policies and procedures could be adapted to allow more easily accessible services.
UNLABELLED: Women with germline pathogenic variants (PV) in the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene develop cutaneous and uterine leiomyomata and have an increased risk of developing aggressive renal cell carcinomas. Many of these women are unaware of their cancer predisposition until an atypical uterine leiomyoma is diagnosed during a myomectomy or hysterectomy, making a streamlined genetic counseling process after a pathology-based atypical uterine leiomyoma diagnosis critical. However, the prevalence of germline pathogenic/likely PVs in FH among atypical uterine leiomyomata cases is unknown. To better understand FH germline PV prevalence and current patterns of genetic counseling and germline genetic testing, we undertook a retrospective review of atypical uterine leiomyomata cases at a single large center. We compared clinical characteristics between the FH PV, FH wild-type (WT), and unknown genetic testing cohorts. Of the 144 cases with atypical uterine leiomyomata with evaluable clinical data, only 49 (34%) had documented genetic test results, and 12 (8.3%) had a germline FH PV. There were 48 IHC-defined FH-deficient cases, of which 41 (85%) had FH testing and nine had a germline FH PV, representing 22% of the tested cohort and 18.8% of the FH-deficient cohort. Germline FH PVs were present in 8.3% of evaluable patients, representing 24.5% of the cohort that completed genetic testing. These data highlight the disconnect between pathology and genetic counseling, and help to refine risk estimates that can be used when counseling patients with atypical uterine leiomyomata.
PREVENTION RELEVANCE: Women diagnosed with fumarate hydratase (FH)-deficient uterine leiomyomata are at increased risk of renal cancer. This work suggests a more standardized pathology-genetic counseling referral pathway for these patients, and that research on underlying causes of FH-deficient uterine leiomyomata in the absence of germline FH pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants is needed.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex multifactorial neurodegenerative disease. Metal ion dyshomeostasis and Aβ aggregation have been proposed to contribute to AD progression. Metal ions can bind to Aβ and promote Aβ aggregation, and ultimately lead to neuronal death. Bifunctional (metal chelation and Aβ interaction) compounds are showing promise against AD. In this work, eleven new 3,3'-diamino-2,2'-bipyridine derivatives 4a-4k were synthesized, and evaluated as bifunctional agents for AD treatment. In vitro Aβ aggregation inhibition assay confirmed that most of the synthesized compounds exhibited significant self-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation inhibition. Among them, compound 4d displayed the best inhibitory potency of self-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation with IC50 value of 9.4 µM, and it could selectively chelate with Cu2+ and exhibited 66.2% inhibition of Cu2+-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation. Meanwhile, compound 4d showed strong neuroprotective activity against Aβ1-42 and Cu2+-treated Aβ1-42 induced cell damage. Moreover, compound 4d in high dose significantly reversed Aβ-induced memory impairment in mice.
BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of urolithiasis is multi-factorial and genetic factors have been shown to play a significant role in the development of urolithiasis. We tried to apply genome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and figure out reliable gene susceptibility of urolithiasis from the largest samples to date in two independent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) database of European ancestry.
METHODS: We extracted summary statistics of expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) from eQTLGen consortium. Urolithiasis phenotype information was obtained from both FinnGen Biobank and UK Biobank. Multiple two-sample MR analysis with a Bonferroni-corrected P threshold (P < 2.5e-06) was conducted. The primary endpoint was the causal effect calculated by random-effect inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. Sensitivity analysis, volcano plots, scatter plots, and regional plots were also performed and visualized.
RESULTS: After multiple MR tests between 19942 eQTLs and urolithiasis phenotype from both cohorts, 30 common eQTLs with consistent effect size direction were found to be causally associated with urolithiasis risk. Finally only one gene (LMAN2) was simultaneously identified among all top significant eQTLs from both FinnGen Biobank (beta = 0.6758, se = 0.0327, P = 6.775e-95) and UK Biobank (beta = 0.0044, se = 0.0009, P = 2.417e-06). We also found that LMAN2 was with the largest beta effect size on urolithiasis phenotype from the two cohorts.
CONCLUSION: We for the first time implemented genome-wide MR analysis to investigate the genetic susceptibility of urolithiasis in general population of European ancestry. Our results provided novel insights into common genetic variants of urinary stone disease, which was of great help to subsequent researches.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composition for skin care which can be produced by a simple process, is excellent in stability and can be easily used, has a small content of surfactants, and contains ceramides-containing oily particles.  <P>SOLUTION: The composition for skin care includes an aqueous phase and oily particles dispersed in the aqueous phase. The viscosity of the composition is 1,000-100,000 mPa s at room temperature. In the composition, the oily particles are 0.1-2 mm in average size, contain 15-60 mass% of ceramides, and are contained at 0.5-15 mass%; and the aqueous phase contains 0.1-1.0 mass% of a polymer. A method for producing the composition for skin care use is also provided, comprising the following process: a dissolved oily phase is added from above the aqueous phase to the aqueous phase heated to 50-90°C, or the aqueous phase heated to 50-90°C is added from above the oily phase to the dissolved oily phase; thereafter, a mixture of the aqueous phase and the oily phase is stirred; while the stirring, the mixture is cooled to room temperature to obtain the oily particles.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
InSpectraTM StO2 monitor manufactured by Hutchinson Technology Inc. to measure the baseline StO2 level after applying the noninvasive probe to the thenar eminence. After a stable reading is obtained a blood pressure cuff will be inflated 40 mmHg above the obtained systolic pressure and the rate of desaturation (Rdes; % × sec-1) will be recorded. After 3 minutes or once the StO2 level comes to zero, whichever is earlier the cuff pressure will be released instantaneously and the rate of reperfusion (Rres; % × sec-1) will be measured. The measurement will be continued until the StO2 returns to the baseline value.
An antiaging assessment method for facial rejuvenation is provided. Firstly, a spatial relationship between various facial key points of an under-test facial image are precisely described. Consequently, a facial feature is obtained. The spatial relationship is an angle relationship or a length relationship. Then, a feature change comparison between the facial feature and reference feature is performed. Consequently, a feature change value is obtained. According to the at least one feature change value, a facial rejuvenation score index is acquired from a corresponding feature change value range of a facial rejuvenation score index data table. The present invention also provides an antiaging assessment device for facial rejuvenation.
The experimental group will be selected among the students who do not take the "Patient and Employee Safety" course and who volunteer to participate in the study.The experimental group will receive 2 hours of patient safety training with a peer educator. Data collection forms will be applied at the end of the training, and data collection forms will be applied again 6 weeks after the training.
Based on modern knowledge about the neuro-plastic changes that occur immediately after brain injuries, rehabilitation should be more effective when started soon after brain damaged. Besides, knowledge about one of the factors that determine efficacy of rehabilitation is the commencement of treatment, as well as on the time interval from stroke to initiate voluntary movement. Therefore, many studies had reported that the effectiveness of functional electrical stimulation (FES) and transcutaneous electrical nerves stimulation (TENS), which induce stimulation and the excitability, were widely applied in rehabilitation for patients with stroke. However, many investigations about the effects of FES or TENS on motor recovery for the stroke patients mainly focus on the chronic stage as well as compared each of two different kinds of stimulation separately. Hence the investigators will study the impacts of TENS and FES on the motor recovery for the stroke patients from the acute stage. Bedsides, the investigators also study that whether patients after stroke in the acute stage who received adding TENS experienced similar impacts on motor recovery to those who received adding FES.

This was a single-blind randomized control trial study. The study recruited 40 subjects from stroke center of National Taiwan Hospital (NTUH) within 3 days after first stroke onset. All subjects were in stable medically control and assigned randomly to 1 of 3 groups including (1)Functional electrical stimulation (FES) + standard rehabilitation (SR) ,(2) Transcutaneous electrical nerves stimulation (TENS) + SR or (3)SR only (control group).The application of FES and TENS was used for 30 minutes per day, 5 days per week for 2 weeks. The surface electrodes of two dual channels were applied on tibialis anterior and quadriceps for FES and TENS group. All groups received SR including neuro-facilitation and functional task training etc.

Outcome measurements were analyzed with repeated measure analysis of variance using SPSS to compare the main effects before, during, and after treatment, followed by post-hoc tests with Bonferroni correction to compare treatment effects among the 3 groups. For categorical variables, a X2 test was used. The significance level was set at 5% (2-tailed).
In a radiation therapy method, one or more planning images are acquired (102) of a subject. Features of at least malignant tissue are contoured in the one or more planning images to produce one or more initial feature contours. One or more treatment images of the subject are acquired (114). The one or more initial feature contours are updated (122) based on the one or more treatment images. Radiation treatment parameters are optimized (126) based upon the updated one or more feature contours. Radiation treatment of the subject is performed (130) using the optimized parameters.
External Guide Sequence (EGS) are described that target proteins required for generation and modification of the immunoglobulin and T-cell repertoire that are useful for treatment or prevention of inflammatory or related diseases. Formulations suitable for administration of an EGS for treatment of inflammatory or related disease are described. The formulations may be administered via inhalation, injection, or orally. The formulations may be in the form of an ointment, lotion, cream, gel, drop, suppository, spray, liquid, powder, granule, solution, suspension, capsule, or tablet. Methods of treating inflammatory or related diseases by administering an effective amount of an EGS in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier are also described. In preferred embodiments, the disease is asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergies, atopic skin disease such as eczema, IL-4 and/or IL-13 dependent malignancies, IL-4 and/or IL-13 dependent autoimmune diseases, atopic diseases, the flu, and diseases caused by IL-4 dependent replication of viruses.
The invention discloses a medicament for curing arthritis and process for preparation belonging to a traditional Chinese medicine medicament and process for preparation, in particular to a traditional Chinese medicine medicament for curing arthritis and a medicament method. The invention is tincture which is made by the following drugs with weight fractional ratio. The drugs comprise hot peppers 60 to 75, safflowers 3 to 8, borneol 3 to 8, and alcohol 500. Beneficial effects of the invention are that the invention utilizes characteristics and pharmacological actions of hot peppers and safflowers, and adopts the special function of the skin permeation of the borneol, which is an extracted tincture by immersing into the alcohol for several days. The invention has the advantages of simple and practical compatibility, low cost, and obvious therapeutic effects. According to clinical trials of patients, the invention has quick results, which has distinct effects of anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions, relaxing muscles and tendons to promote blood circulation, and simultaneous treatment of the cause and symptoms and the like.
Participants in the healthy control sample are matched to the clinical sample in terms of age and gender. Included are families of children aged 0-17 years, who have undergone a surgical procedure in the first 3 years of life that does not cause chronic complaints; such as hernia surgery or testicular relocation.
Occlusion of the skin with resultant hydration has been shown to increase percutaneous penetration of several topical preparations. If any occlusive dressing is used in treatment of basal cell carcinoma, there may be an increase in the severity of inflammatory reactions in the adjacent normal skin. A porous gauze dressing may be applied for cosmetic reasons without increase in reaction.

Exposure to ultraviolet rays should be minimized during and immediately following treatment with EFUDEX because the intensity of the reaction may be increased.

Patients should discontinue therapy with EFUDEX if symptoms of DPD enzyme deficiency develop (see CONTRAINDICATIONS).

Rarely, life-threatening toxicities such as stomatitis, diarrhea, neutropenia, and neurotoxicity have been reported with intravenous administration of fluorouracil in patients with DPD enzyme deficiency. One case of life-threatening systemic toxicity has been reported with the topical use of EFUDEX in a patient with DPD enzyme deficiency. Symptoms included severe abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and chills. Physical examination revealed stomatitis, erythematous skin rash, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, inflammation of the esophagus, stomach, and small bowel. Although this case was observed with 5% fluorouracil cream, it is unknown whether patients with profound DPD enzyme deficiency would develop systemic toxicity with lower concentrations of topically applied fluorouracil.