anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Gender-affirming surgery includes a range of procedures that help align a transgender or gender diverse person's body with their gender identity. As rates of gender-affirming surgery increase, family physicians will need to have the knowledge and skills to provide lifelong health care to this population. Physicians should conduct an anatomic survey or organ inventory with patients to determine what health screenings are applicable. Health care maintenance should follow accepted guidelines for the body parts that are present. Patients do not require routine breast cancer screening after mastectomy; however, because there is residual breast tissue, symptoms of breast cancer warrant workup. After masculinizing genital surgery, patients should have lifelong follow-up with a urologist familiar with gender-affirming surgery. If a prostate examination is indicated after vaginoplasty, it should be performed vaginally. If a pelvic examination is indicated after vaginoplasty, it should be performed with a Pederson speculum or anoscope. After gonadectomy, patients require hormone therapy to prevent long-term morbidity associated with hypogonadism, including osteoporosis. The risk of sexually transmitted infections may change after genital surgery depending on the tissue used for the procedure. Patients should be offered the same testing and treatment for sexually transmitted infections as cisgender populations, with site-specific testing based on sexual history. If bowel tissue is used in vaginoplasty, vaginal bleeding may be caused by adenocarcinoma or inflammatory bowel disease. (Am Fam Physician. 2024;109(6):560-565.
INTRODUCTION: Because of the obesity epidemic, more obese patients are on liver transplant (LT) waiting lists. The diseases associated with obesity may increase complications and limit survival after LT. However, there is no established measure or cut-off point to determine this impact and aid decision making. The aim of the present study is to evaluate obesity in patients undergoing LT via BMI and CT-based measurement of adipose tissue (AAT). These parameters will be used to predict the risk of postoperative complications and 5-year survival.
METHODS: A retrospective, single-center study was carried out at a tertiary Spanish hospital, including all patients who received LT between January 2012 and July 2019 (n = 164). The patients were adults who underwent LT using the 'piggyback' technique, preserving the recipient vena cava. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and BMI were calculated to examine correlations with postoperative complications and 5-year survival.
RESULTS: No significant association was found between postoperative complications by Comprehensive Complication Index, BMI, AAT/height, subcutaneous fat/height and VAT/height. Kaplan-Meier curves for 5-year survival compared LT recipients with BMI < 30.45 versus ≥30.45, with an estimated survival of 58.97 months versus 43.11 months, respectively (P < .001) (Fig. 3) and for LT recipients with an AAT/height <27.35 mm versus ≥27.35 mm, with an estimated survival of 57.69 months versus 46.34 months (P = .001).
CONCLUSIONS: This study does not show a higher rate of postoperative complications in obese patients. There is a significantly lower long-term survival in patients with AAT/height ≥27.35 mm and BMI ≥ 30.45. BMI is a valid estimate of obesity and is predictive of survival.
The present invention relates to a Chinese patent medicine for treating chronic gastritis and a preparation technology. The background arts comprise: chronic gastritis is a common disease of a medicine clinic; Chinese medicine accumulates abundant experience through deep research; at present, a plurality of kinds of Chinese patent medicines exist, such as stomach warming medicine, granules of yin deficiency and stomachache, etc. The goal of the present invention is to develop a yin-nourishing and stomach benefiting capsule and the preparation technology for better satisfying a medical requirement. In the preparation technology, Chinese herbal medicines, such as shaqi, Chinese violet, smallpox powder, aged dragon peel, creeping centipede rhizome and dandelion are prepared into a compound. A conventional preparation method is used for preparing capsules, tablets or granules. The Chinese patent medicine has the advantage of reasonably compounding of monarch medicine, minister medicine, assistant medicine and use medicine, and has the effects of clearing heat, removing poison, activating and stopping blood, nourishing yin and benefiting a stomach. The Chinese patent medicine makes the qi and the blood return to normality, eliminates diseases, nourishes a spleen, the stomach and the yin, and makes the functions of the spleen and the stomach return to the normality from the state of pathology. A result displays that the total effective rate of the yin-nourishing and stomach benefiting capsule for treating the chronic gastritis is 93.99% through clinical observation.
1. A method of reducing the risk of vertebral fractures in an osteoporotic female comprising administering an effective amount of alendronate or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for a period of more than two years. 2. A method according to Claim 1 wherein the alendronate is administered orally. 3. A method according to Claim 2 wherein the dose is from 2.5 mg to 50 mg daily. 4. The method according to Claim 3 wherein the alendronate is administered substantially daily for a period of at least two years. 5. The method according to Claim 3 wherein the alendronate is administered substantially daily for a period of at least three years. 6. The method according to Claim 1 wherein the female is elderly. 7. A method of reducing the severity of a fracture in patients who sustain a fracture by administering an effective amount of alendronate for a period of more than two years. 8. A method according to Claim 7 wherein the alendronate is administered orally. 9. A method according to Claim 8 wherein the dose is from 2.5 mg to 50 mg daily. 10. The method according to Claim 9 wherein the alendronate is administered substantially daily for a period of at least two years. 11. The method according to Claim 9 wherein the alendronate is administered substantially daily for a period of at least three years. 12. The method according to Claim 7 wherein the female is elderly. 13. A method of decreasing spinal deformity in osteoporotic women comprising administering an effective amount of alendronate for a period of more than two years. 14. A method according to Claim 13 wherein the alendronate is administered orally. 15. A method according to Claim 14 wherein the dose is from 2.5 mg to 50 mg daily. 16. The method according to Claim 15 wherein the alendronate is administered substantially daily for a period of at least two years. 17. The method according to Claim 15 wherein the alendronate is administered substantially daily for a period of at least three years. 18. The method according to Claim 13 wherein the female is elderly 19. A method of preventing loss of height in osteoporotic women by administering an effective amount of alendronate for a period of more than two years. 20. A method according to Claim 19 wherein the alendronate is administered orally. 21. A method according to Claim 20 wherein the dose is from 2.5 mg to 50 mg daily. 22. The method according to Claim 21 wherein the alendronate is administered substantially daily for a period of at least two years. 23. The method according to Claim 21 wherein the alendronate is administered substantially daily for a period of at least three years. 24. The method according to Claim 19 wherein the female is elderly.
The incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is increasing worldwide, yet research within this field is lagging behind other cancers. Despite increased detection of early disease as a consequence of the widespread use of diagnostic CT scans, 25% of patients have disseminated disease at diagnosis. Similarly, around 25% progress to metastatic disease following curatively intended surgery. Surgery is the cornerstone in the treatment of RCC; however, when the disease is disseminated, immunotherapy or immunotherapy in combination with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor is the patient's best option. Immunotherapy is a potent treatment, with durable treatment responses and potential to cure the patient, but only half of the patients benefit from the administered treatment, and there are currently no methods that can identify which patients will respond to immunotherapy. Moreover, there is a need to identify the patients in greatest risk of relapsing after surgery for localized disease and direct adjuvant treatment there. Even though several molecular biomarkers have been published to date, we are still lacking routinely used biomarkers to guide optimal clinical management. The purpose of this review is to highlight some of the most promising biomarkers, discuss the efforts made within this field to date, and describe the barriers needed to be overcome to have reliable and robust predictive and prognostic biomarkers in the clinic for renal cancer.
Cluster of patients with congestive heart failure NYHA ≥2, with at least one cardiac decompensation, NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide) \> 500 ng/l. Will be followed during 18 months.
The invention provides a novel lactobacillus plantarum, the preservation number of which is CCTCC NO: m2021594. The provided Lactobacillus plantarum is separated from pickle fermentation liquor, and can reduce skin inflammation, improve skin health condition, and prevent and relieve acne symptoms. The lactobacillus plantarum VHProbi E15 strain provided by the invention has strong tolerance to artificial intestinal juice; the strain is sensitive to common antibiotics such as erythromycin and ampicillin; can ferment glucose to produce acid without producing gas. The coagglutination test and the inhibition zone test prove that the lactobacillus plantarum VHProbi E15 can produce obvious inhibition effect on propionibacterium acnes. The acne-removing essence cream prepared by taking the lactobacillus plantarum VHProbi E15 lysate as the only effective component can effectively reduce the severity of moderate acne through human body test verification. The lactobacillus plantarum VHProbi E15 provided by the invention has no toxic or harmful effect on organisms, can be added into skin care products, is used for treating acne, and has wide application prospect.
The effectiveness of modafinil in improving wakefulness in patients with excessive sleepiness associated with OSA was established in two multi-center, placebo-controlled clinical studies of patients who met the criteria for OSA. The criteria include either: 1) excessive sleepiness or insomnia, plus frequent episodes of impaired breathing during sleep, and associated features such as loud snoring, morning headaches and dry mouth upon awakening; or 2) excessive sleepiness or insomnia and polysomnography demonstrating one of the following: more than five obstructive apneas, each greater than 10-seconds in duration, per hour of sleep and one or more of the following: frequent arousals from sleep associated with the apneas, bradytachycardia, and arterial oxygen desaturation in association with the apneas. In addition, for entry into these studies, all patients were required to have excessive sleepiness as demonstrated by a score ≥ 10 on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), despite treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Evidence that CPAP was effective in reducing episodes of apnea/hypopnea was required along with documentation of CPAP use. 

In the first study, a 12-week trial, a total of 327 patients with OSA were randomized to receive modafinil 200 mg/day, modafinil 400 mg/day, or matching placebo. The majority of patients (80%) were fully compliant with CPAP, defined as CPAP use greater than 4-hours/night on > 70% of nights. The remainder were partially CPAP compliant, defined as CPAP use < 4-hours/night on > 30% of nights. CPAP use continued throughout the study. The primary measures of effectiveness were 1) sleep latency, as assessed by the Maintenance of Wakefulness Test (MWT) and 2) the change in the patient's overall disease status, as measured by the Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGI-C) at the final visit [see Clinical Studies (14.1) for a description of these measures]. 

Patients treated with modafinil showed a statistically significant improvement in the ability to remain awake compared to placebo-treated patients as measured by the MWT at final visit (Table 2). A statistically significant greater number of patients treated with modafinil showed improvement in overall clinical condition as rated by the CGI-C scale at final visit (Table 3). The 200 mg and 400 mg doses of modafinil produced statistically significant effects of similar magnitude on the MWT, and also on the CGI-C. 

In the second study, a 4-week trial, 157 patients with OSA were randomized to receive modafinil 400 mg/day or placebo. Documentation of regular CPAP use (at least 4-hours/night on 70% of nights) was required for all patients. The primary measure of effectiveness was the change from baseline on the ESS at final visit. The baseline ESS scores for the modafinil and placebo groups were 14.2 and 14.4, respectively. At week 4, the ESS was reduced by 4.6 in the modafinil group and by 2 in the placebo group, a difference that was statistically significant. 

Nighttime sleep measured with polysomnography was not affected by the use of modafinil.
A recombinant vector pDATH-X (Dominant negative, Antisense, TET-ON controllable Heat shock promoter plasmid) comprises 4 cassettes.  Cassette 1 comprises TET-ON expressed under the control of a heat shock promoter and a tet operator. The TET-ON consists of a fusion of the coding sequence for amino acids 1-207 of tetracycline repressor and the C-terminus last 130 amino acid transcription activation domain of VP1 protein of the herpes simplex virus. The heat shock promote consists of heat shock response elements (-260 to 30) of the human heat shock 70 gene promoter linked to a minimal cytomegalovirus promoter (pCMV) and the tet operator consists of 19bp inverted repeats of O2 of TN10 to which the tet repressor and TET-ON bind. Cassette 2 comprises a cloning site for a therapeutic gene downstream of a tetp-CMV promoter consisting of a tet operator linked to a minimal cytomegalovirus promoter (pCMV). The tet operator consists of 19bp inverted repeats of operator of TN10 to which the tet repressor and TET-ON bind. Cassette 3 comprises antisense TET-ON under the control of a pCMV promoter. The TET-ON is an antisense sequence complementary to the first 80 nucleotides of the TET-ON sequence. Cassette 4 comprises a dominant negative TET-ON under the control of pCMV promoter. The dominant negative TET-ON consists of tet repressor without a VP16 transactivation domain. The vector can be used in achieve localized, temporal expression of a gene that has been inserted into the vector so is under the control of a heat inducible promoter. The vector is inserted into the non-human host organism and the heat energy applier to a location of the organism where the expression of the gene is desired. Also described is a recombinant pDATE-X vector (Dominant negative, Antisense, TET-ON controllable EGR promoter expression plasmid), recombinant pRIBs-X (Radiation-Inducible Breast-specific Promoter) expression vector, recombinant pRIPs-X (Radiation-Inducible Prostate-specific Promoter) expression vector, recombinant pHIBs-X (Heat-Inducible Breast-specific Promoter) expression vector and a recombinant pHIBs-X (Heat Inducible Prostate-specific Promoter) expression vector. These vectors can be used for treating local and metastatic breast, ovarian and prostate cancer. Preferably the therapeutic gene is tumor necrosis alpha.
While Wallerian degeneration (WD) is a crucial pathological process induced with spinal cord injury (SCI), its underlying mechanisms is still understudied. In this study, we aim to assess structural alterations and clinical significance of WD in the cervical cord following SCI using multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which combines T2*-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). T2*-weighted images allow segmentation of anatomical structures and the detection of WD on macrostructural level. DTI, on the other hand, can identify the reduction in neuroaxonal integrity by measuring the diffusion of water molecules on the microstructural level. In this prospective study, 35 SCI patients (19 paraplegic and 16 tetraplegic patients) and 12 healthy controls were recruited between July 2020 and May 2022. The hyperintensity voxels in the dorsal column was manually labeled as WD on T2*-weighted images. The mean cross-sectional area (CSA) and mean DTI indexes of WD at the C2 level were calculated and compared between groups. Correlation analysis was used to determine the associations of the magnitude of WD with lesion characteristics and clinical outcomes. Compared with controls, SCI patients showed evident hyperintensity (35/35) and decreased neuroaxonal integrity (p < 0.05) within the dorsal column at the C2 level. A higher neurological level of injury was associated with a larger mean CSA and reduction in neuroaxonal integrity within WD (p < 0.05). Smaller total and dorsal tissue bridges were related to greater mean CSA and lower fractional anisotropy values in WD (p < 0.05), respectively. Moreover, SCI participants with significantly larger CSAs and significantly lower microstructural integrity had worse sensory outcomes (p < 0.05). This comprehensive evaluation of WD can help us better understand the mechanisms of WD, monitor progression, and assess the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions after SCI.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of separation of the glanular part of the urethral plate from the underlying glans penis with creation of a glanular groove for free accommodation of the neourethra as a new modification of Thiersch-Duplay urethroplasty in proximal hypospadias repair.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between January 2016 and January 2022, 35 patients with proximal hypospadias underwent a modified Thiersch-Duplay two-stage procedure. The glanular portion of the urethral plate was either separated from the underlying glanular tissue or discarded if found scared with mobilization of the distal portion of the neourethra to reach the tip of the glans penis. In all patients, a few millimeter of glanular tissue is excised to create a glanular groove in which the neourethra is embedded freely.
RESULTS: 35 patients were involved in this study. The patient's age at the time of operation ranged from 18 months to 10 years (median 3.7 years). The mean follow-up period was 15.7 months (ranging from 12 to 18 months). Two patients developed urethrocutaneous fistula; while, none of the patients had meatal stenosis, urethral stricture, or meatal retraction. All patients have a slit-like meatus at the tip of the penis and a good cosmetic conical shape glans appearance.
CONCLUSION: We believe that in Thiersch-Duplay urethroplasty, separation of the urethral plat from the underlying glanular tissue and creation of good glandular groove to accommodate the neourethra is associated with adequate glanular closure and minimization of post-operative meatal stenosis, glanular dehiscence, and meatal retraction.
The present invention relates to an antioxidant, whitening, anti-wrinkle, or anti-inflammatory cosmetic composition, pharmaceutical composition, or food composition containing egg yolk oil and Korean mint stem cells as active ingredients. The composition comprising egg yolk oil and Korean mint stem cells as active ingredients according to the present invention has an excellent DPPH free radical scavenging activity and has an antioxidant effect. A tyrosinase inhibitory effect thereof enables a whitening effect to be ensured. Also, a collagen activity is enhanced, and thus a wrinkle alleviation effect is ensured. Production of NO and inflammatory cytokines is suppressed, and thus an anti-inflammatory effect is ensured. Moreover, egg yolk oil and Korean mint stem cells of the present invention do not have cytotoxicity and skin side effects, and thus can be safely used for cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food compositions.
Those randomized into the intervention group will receive 4-8 hour-long sessions with a community mental health specialist, taking place over approximately 12 weeks. The common elements treatment approach intervention (called "My Pathway to Healing") includes psychoeducation and addresses safety (when identified as a problem area). It also includes relaxation techniques, problem solving, and cognitive coping. The exact number of sessions delivered will depend on presentation and symptom level using a stepped care approach where participants receive only what they need, but the provider can provide additional sessions if needed (i.e., increased element dosage; additional optional elements for specific issues).
The consumption of tomatoes and tomato products has been associated with a lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease and some types of cancer. Tomatoes and tomato products provide a good source of antioxidants (lipophilic and hydrophilic). The major tomato antioxidants comprise lycopene, α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid. It has been reported that these antioxidants in isolated form exert directly or indirectly anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. Studies with tomatoes or tomato products revealed that the observed anti-inflammatory effects could not be caused by the presence of only one antioxidant. It was suggested that these effects were due to the combination of antioxidants.

In recent cell culture studies with human endothelial cells we have shown that tomato ketchup exerts significant anti-inflammatory effects, which could be related to the particular composition of antioxidants, i.e. lycopene, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol. Since, however, the relevance of the observed anti-inflammatory effects for humans is entirely unknown, the present pilot study aims to assess the acute effects of a single tomato ketchup consumption on ex vivo elicited inflammation in a small group of healthy volunteers.
Chronic Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection is supplanting alcohol and tobacco intoxications as the leading cause of oropharyngeal cancer in developed countries. HPV-related squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx (HPV + OSC) present better survival and respond better to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Regulatory T cells (TREG) are mainly described as immunosuppressive and protumoral in most solid cancers. However, TREG are paradoxically associated with a better prognosis in HPV + OSCs. The transcription factor FoxP3 is the basis for the identification of TREG. Among CD4 + FoxP3 + T cells, some have effector functions. A medical hypothesis is formulated here: the existence of a CD137 (4.1BB)-Eomesodermin (Eomes) activated pathway downstream of TCR-specific activation in a subpopulation of CD4 + FoxP3 + T cells may explain this effector function. Evidence suggest that this axis may exist either in CD4 + FoxP3 + T cells or CD8 + T cells. This pathway could lead T cells to strong antitumor cytotoxic activity in a tumor-specific manner. Furthermore, CD137 is one of the most expected targets for the development of agonist immunotherapies. The identification of CD137 + Eomes + FoxP3+/- T cells could be a key element in the selective activation of the most anti-tumor cells in the HPV + OSC microenvironment.