anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Heavy drinking in HIV-infected patients can lead to low antiretroviral therapy adherence and poor virologic control, greater sexual risk taking, increased risk of liver disease, and decreased cognitive function. Therefore, reductions in drinking may have particularly positive and widespread effects in HIV-infected patients. Men who have sex with men (MSM) continue to represent the majority of new HIV infections, and HIV-infected MSM have rates of hazardous drinking as high as 33%. Therefore, developing and testing interventions to reduce heavy drinking in HIV-infected MSM is a very high public health priority. There have been relatively few alcohol interventions tested that focus on MSM, and only two have addressed drinking in HIV-infected MSM. Although recent studies indicate that behavioral interventions can reduce heavy drinking in HIV-infected patients, much remains unknown about the efficacy of different approaches to behavioral intervention and their unique and combined effects. The purpose of the present study is to conduct a fully-crossed 2 X 2 X 2 factorial randomized controlled trial with a diverse sample of 224 MSM recruited from 2 urban HIV primary care clinics (one in the Northeast and one in the South). The first study factor will compare brief advice (BA) vs. a motivational intervention (MI) that contains detailed personalized normative and HIV-specific feedback. The second factor compares an interactive text messaging (ITM) intervention vs. no text messaging. The final factor compares intervention of low intensity and duration (two sessions over 1 month) to extended intervention (EI) entailing 5 sessions over 9 months. BA and MI will be delivered by a core set of interventionists from a central location using a webcam-enabled telemedicine system, which can facilitate larger-scale implementation. The design will allow us to test the hypothesis that MI compared to BA, ITM compared to no ITM, and EI compared to no EI, will result in significantly greater reductions in number of alcoholic drinks consumed and number of heavy drinking days at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Secondary outcomes include engagement in unprotected anal intercourse, ART adherence and viral suppression, CD4 cell count, liver function tests, and neurocognitive function. We also will test the hypothesis that the effects of MI, ITM, and EI on drinking will be moderated by alcohol use disorder status and readiness to change drinking such that these interventions will be relatively more efficacious in those with a current disorder and those with low readiness. The study will provide crucial evidence regarding which intervention approaches, alone or in combination, are likely to be most efficient to implement on a large scale in HIV care settings.
The suggested emulsion contains quickly excreting perfluoroorganic compounds as perfluorodecalin and perfluorooctylbromide, perfluoroorganic additive and phospholipids in the form of dispersion prepared due to homogenization at pressure of not less than 100 atm. in water-saline medium. Perfluoroorganic additive is being the mixture of perfluorated tertiary amines - perfluorotripropylamine and its co-products: cis- and trans-isomers of perfluoro-1-propyl-3.4-dimethylpyrrolidone and perfluoro-1-propyl-4-methylpiperidine. The method to obtain the emulsion deals with obtaining the dispersion of phospholipids due to homogenization at pressure of not less than 100 atm. in water-saline medium followed by thermal sterilization, then comes homogenization at pressure of the mentioned perfluoroorganic compounds in dispersion of phospholipids and thermal sterilization of the ready-to-use emulsion. The latter is indicated to treat blood losses, hypoxic and ischemic states, improve oxygen supply by blood and keep isolated perfused organs and tissues. In accordance to the present innovation stability of emulsion has been increased and its qualities have been improved. Storage period of emulsion in its unfrozen state at +4 C corresponds to 12 mo, not less, moreover, biocompatibility of emulsion with biological medium (blood, plasma or serum)has been kept.
Myocardial infarction resulting from coronary artery atherosclerosis is the leading cause of heart failure, which represents a significant global health burden. The limitations of conventional pharmacologic thrombolysis and flow reperfusion procedures highlight the urgent need for new therapeutic strategies to effectively treat myocardial infarction. In this study, we present a novel biomimetic approach that integrates polyphenols and metal nanoenzymes, inspired by the structure of pomegranates. We developed tannic acid-coated Mn-Co3O4 (MCT) nanoparticles in combination with an injectable collagen hydrogel for the effective treatment of myocardial infarction. The hydrogel enhanced the infarct microenvironment, while the slow-released MCT targets mitochondria to inhibit the post-infarction surge of reactive oxygen species, providing anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects. RNA sequencing revealed the potential of hydrogels to serve as an interventional mechanism during the post-infarction inflammatory phase. Notably, we found that the hydrogel, when combined with the nanopomegranate-based therapy, significantly improves adverse ventricular remodeling and restores cardiac function in early infarction management. The MCT hydrogel leverages the unique benefits of both MCT nanopomegranates and collagen, demonstrating a synergistic effect. This approach provides a promising example of the potential cooperation between nanomimetic structures and natural biomaterials in therapeutic applications.
After a two-week phase where all RAS blockade is eliminated, patients in this arm will commence taking candesartan 8 mg once daily for 4 weeks. Thereafter, the dose will be increased to 16 mg once daily for another 4 weeks.
There have been no reported overdosages with azelastine hydrochloride nasal solution. Acute overdosage by adults with this dosage form is unlikely to result in clinically significant adverse events, other than increased somnolence, since one bottle of azelastine hydrochloride nasal solution contains 30 mg of azelastine hydrochloride. Clinical studies in adults with single doses of the oral formulation of azelastine hydrochloride (up to 16 mg) have not resulted in increased incidence of serious adverse events. General supportive measures should be employed if overdosage occurs. There is no known antidote to azelastine hydrochloride nasal solution. Oral ingestion of antihistamines has the potential to cause serious adverse effects in young children. Accordingly, azelastine hydrochloride nasal solution should be kept out of the reach of children. Oral doses of 120 mg/kg and greater (approximately 460 times the maximum recommended daily intranasal dose in adults and children on a mg/m2 basis) were lethal in mice. Responses seen prior to death were tremor, convulsions, decreased muscle tone, and salivation. In dogs, single oral doses as high as 10 mg/kg (approximately 260 times the maximum recommended daily intranasal dose in adults and children on a mg/m2 basis) were well tolerated, but single oral doses of 20 mg/kg were lethal.
Patients receive vincristine IV on days 1 and 8 and irinotecan IV over 1 hour on days 1-5 and 8-12. Treatment repeats every 21 days for 2 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The real world is full of noise and constantly overlapping sounds. However, our auditory system provides a solution to this, that is, the continuity illusion; when we hear a sound stream that is partially replaced by high-level noise, we can restore missing sound information and "fill in" the information as if it were smooth and continuous even against a background of noise. In the present study, we tested the preferences for familiar and novel melodies of 8-month-old infants after a 2-month memory retention interval following 1-week exposure to a specific melody. A preference for familiarity was seen not only when the melody was presented intact but also when it was periodically replaced by high-level noise, which elicits the continuity illusion in adults (Experiment 1). However, a trend toward preference for a novel melody was observed for stimuli periodically replaced by low-level noise that did not satisfy the ecological constraints for the elicitation of the illusion (Experiment 2). For the first time, this study showed that infants as young as 8 months of age are susceptible to the auditory continuity illusion. The study also revealed that the infants could recognize the melody they heard 2 months previously.
Participants will be asked to perform moderate-intensity exercise (brisk walking) for 45 minutes for 5 days/week for 6 weeks. This intervention corresponds to the current recommendations.
BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis(AS) poses a pressing challenge in contemporary medicine. Formononetin (FMN) plays a crucial role in its prevention and treatment. However, the detailed impact of FMN on the stability of atherosclerotic plaques and its underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated.
METHODS: An intervention consisting of FMN was given along with a high-fat food regimen in the ApoE-/- mouse model. The investigation included the evaluation of the degree of atherosclerotic lesion, the main components of the plaque, lipid profiles, particular markers indicating M1/M2 macrophage phenotypes, the quantities of factors related to inflammation, the infiltration of macrophages, and the identification of markers linked to the α7nAChR/JAK2/STAT3 axis effect molecules.
RESULTS: The evaluation of aortic morphology in ApoE-/-mice revealed that FMN significantly improved the plaque area, fibrous cap protrusion, lipid deposition, and structural alterations on the aortic surface, among other markers of atherosclerosis,and there is concentration dependence. Furthermore, the lipid content of mouse serum was assessed, and the results showed that the low-, medium-, and high-dosage FMN groups had significantly lower levels of LDL-C, ox-LDL, TC, and TG. The results of immunohistochemical staining indicated that the low-, medium-, and high-dose FMN therapy groups had enhanced CD206 expression and decreased expression of CD68 and iNOS. According to RT-qPCR data, FMN intervention has the potential to suppress the expression of iNOS, COX-2, miR-155-5p, IL-6, and IL-1β mRNA, while promoting the expression of IL-10, SHIP1, and Arg-1 mRNA levels. However, the degree of inhibition varied among dosage groups. Western blot investigation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway proteins and cholinergic α7nAChR protein showed that p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 protein expression was suppressed at all dosages, whereas α7nAChR protein expression was enhanced.
CONCLUSIONS: According to the aforementioned findings, FMN can reduce inflammation and atherosclerosis by influencing macrophage polarization, blocking the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, and increasing α7nAChR expression.
LY2603618 40 milligrams per square meter (mg/m\^2) was administered over the duration of 4.5 hours (30-minute bolus followed by a 4-hour infusion). Dose modifications were not allowed.
The invention provides a ginger noodle and a production method thereof; the invention comprises wheat flour, salt and water, as well as ginger juice. The weight proportion is 100kg of wheat flour, 0.8 to 1.3kg of salt and 4.5 to 5.5kg of fresh ginger juice. The ginger noodle can be got after procedures of washing, juicing, kneading dough, rolling noodles, testing and packaging. The ginger noodle is rich in nutrients, delicious and tasty and convenient; in addition, the noodle can dispel coldness, improve appetite and strengthen body. When boiling, the noodles are not stuck to each other, mixed with soup or broken. The ginger noodle is rich in raw materials and simple in production, which can prevent cold and enhance immune function of human body after long-term intake. Thus, the noodle is a novel noodle food.
Provided herein is a solid dispersion, which comprises a carrier and an active ingredient. The active ingredient is one or more of the compound shown in formula (I) (APG-115), its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, its crystal form and its hydrate. The solid dispersion can improve the dissolution of the active ingredient APG-115. The dissolution of APG-115 of some solid dispersions can reach more than 90%, and has good stability. It can improve the dissolution and dissolution of drugs in gastrointestinal fluid, so as to improve the oral bioavailability. The solid dispersion shows high plasma exposure in animals, that is, higher drug peak concentration and higher area under blood concentration curve.
OBJECTIVE: Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease involving progressive motor abnormalities, cognitive decline, and psychiatric disturbances. Depression and cognitive difficulties are among the most impactful symptoms of HD, yet the pathogenesis of these symptoms is not fully understood. HD involves low-level chronic inflammation and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which are linked to depression and cognitive impairment in non-HD populations. However, previous research on the relationships of these pathologies with depression and cognition in HD is limited and inconsistent.
METHODS: Fifty-three adults with the HD gene expansion (30 premanifest and 23 manifest) completed measures of depression and cognitive functioning. Forty-eight out of 53 participants provided hair samples for quantification of cortisol, and 34 participants provided blood samples for quantification of peripheral inflammatory cytokines. We examined the associations of four cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-10, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) and cortisol levels with depression and cognitive scores.
RESULTS: In unadjusted models, higher levels of plasma IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α correlated with higher depression scores, and higher levels of IL-10 and TNF-α correlated with poorer cognitive performance. After controlling for age, sex, and body mass index, only the correlations of IL-10 with depression and cognitive performance remained significant. No correlations were evident with hair cortisol.
INTERPRETATIONS: Peripheral inflammation is associated with depression symptoms and cognitive impairment in HD. Our findings suggest that interactions between the immune and nervous systems are important in HD, and highlight the potential of chronic inflammation as a therapeutic target in early stages of HD.
BACKGROUND: One of the challenges in bipolar disorder (BD) lies in early detection of the illness and its recurrences, to improve prognosis. Sleep disturbances (SD) have been proposed as reliable predictive markers of conversion. While preliminary studies have explored the relationship between SD and the onset of mood episodes, the results remain heterogeneous and a few have specifically examined patients' perception of prodromal symptoms and their progression until the episode occurs. Identifying prodromes represents a crucial clinical challenge, as it enables early intervention, thereby reducing the severity of BD. Therefore, the objective of this study is to better characterize and evaluate the progressive nature of SD as prodromal symptoms of mood episodes, and patients' perception of it.
METHODS: Patients diagnosed with BD, either hospitalized or seeking treatment for a (hypo)manic or depressive episode benefited from standardized questionnaires, structured interviews, and self-report questionnaires to evaluate SD prior to the current episode, as well as sociodemographic and clinical information.
RESULTS: Out of the 41 patients included, 59% spontaneously reported SD prior to the episode, appearing 90 days before depression and 35 days before mania (pre-indexed/spontaneous reports: 51.22% insomnia complaints, 4.88% hypersomnolence complaints, 7.32% parasomnias, 2.44% sleep movements). After inquiry about specific SD, the percentage of patients reporting prodromal SD increased significantly to 83%, appearing 210 days before depression and 112.5 days before mania (post-indexed reports: 75.61% presented with insomnia complaints appearing 150 days before depression and 20 days before mania, 46.34% had hypersomnolence complaints appearing 60 days before depression, 43.9% had parasomnias appearing 210 days before depression and 22.5 days before mania, 36.59% had sleep movements appearing 120 days before depression and 150 days before mania). Of note, bruxism appeared in 35% of patients before mania, and restless legs syndrome in 20% of patients before depression.
CONCLUSION: This study highlights the very high prevalence of SD prior to a mood episode in patients with BD with differences between depressive and manic episodes. The more systematic screening of sleep alterations of the prodromal phase improved the recognition and characterization of different symptoms onset by patients. This underscores the need for precise questioning regarding sleep patterns in patients, to better identify the moment of transition toward a mood episode, referred to as "Chronos syndrome". The study emphasizes the importance of educating patients about the disorder and its sleep prodromal symptoms to facilitate early intervention and prevent recurrences.
PURPOSE:The titled pharmaceutical, obtained by blending a dried tissue plasminogen activator as a principal ingredient with an inorganic salt or organic acid salt as a stabilizer and albumin, having enhanced safety and excellent as a medicine. CONSTITUTION:A pharmaceutical obtained by blending a dried tissue plasminogen activator (hereinafter abbreviated to TPA) as a principal ingredient with at least one selected from an inorganic salt, e.g. sodium chloride, and organic acid salt, e.g. sodium citrate, and albumin. Although urokinase as a plasminogen activator has been conventionally used as a medicine, TPA having a molecular weight and antigenicity different from those of the urokinase has better affinity and higher value as the medicine with worse safety. The addition of the above-mentioned salt and albumin to the TPA enhances the safety in any of a purification step, in freeze-drying and storage stability after drying.
Itaconate is an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid that is derived from the decarboxylation of the Krebs cycle intermediate cis-aconitate and has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial/viral properties. But the mechanisms underlying itaconate's anti-inflammatory activities are not fully understood. Necroptosis, a lytic form of regulated cell death (RCD), is mediated by receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) signaling. It has been involved in the pathogenesis of organ injury in many inflammatory diseases. In this study, we aimed to explore whether itaconate and its derivatives can inhibit necroptosis in murine macrophages, a mouse MPC-5 cell line and a human HT-29 cell line in response to different necroptotic activators. Our results showed that itaconate and its derivatives dose-dependently inhibited necroptosis, among which dimethyl itaconate (DMI) was the most effective one. Mechanistically, itaconate and its derivatives inhibited necroptosis by suppressing the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling and the oligomerization of MLKL. Furthermore, DMI promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 that is a critical regulator of intracellular redox homeostasis, and reduced the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial superoxide (mtROS) that were induced by necroptotic activators. Consistently, DMI prevented the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential induced by the necroptotic activators. In addition, DMI mitigated caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice accompanied by reduced activation of the necroptotic signaling in vivo. Collectively, our study demonstrates that itaconate and its derivatives can inhibit necroptosis by suppressing the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling, highlighting their potential applications for treating necroptosis-associated diseases.
Morbidly obese patients are at risk for both respiratory and cardiovascular abnormalities. Many cardiac problems were previously reported including left ventricular hypertrophy, right and left ventricular systolic dysfunction etc. Diastolic cardiac dysfunction can be found in normal left ventricular systolic function and can lead to diastolic heart failure postoperatively.

Preoperative screening by transthoracic echocardiogram is difficult due to anatomical challenge (thick chest wall, narrowing of inter-rib space), therefore the prevalence of this problem may be underestimated. Transesophageal echocardiogram provides better cardiac view, but requires sedation during procedure. So, it is not practical for out-patient setting. The investigator would like to perform transesophageal echocardiogram in this group of patients after anesthesia induction to demonstrate the true prevalence of this syndrome.
The single-unit dental implant comprises an implant body forming part to be immobilized in mandibular or maxillary bone, and a pillar forming part to be projected from bone to receive a dental device equipped with implant screw body. The implant body symmetrically rotates about a longitudinal axis, and comprises a cylindrical threaded central part (3) extending through a conical self-tapping end part (4) tapering away from the threaded central part. The cylindrical threaded central part is placed on periphery of the self-tapping end part. The single-unit dental implant comprises an implant body forming part to be immobilized in madibular or maxillary bone, and a pillar forming part to be projected from bone to receive a dental device equipped with implant screw body. The implant body symmetrically rotates about a longitudinal axis, and comprises a cylindrical threaded central part (3) extending through a conical self-tapping end part (4) tapering away from the threaded central part. The cylindrical threaded central part is placed on periphery of the self-tapping end part with eight discontinuous longitudinal cutting notches (5), and extends through a truncated smooth shoulder (6), which is flaring away from the cylindrical part. The dental implant is made of zirconia by molding and sintering or by molding, sintering and precision grinding. A length of the notches is between 1/4 and 1/3 of a length of the cylindrical part, where the notches are formed by mold and precision grinding. The conical self-tapping end part is enrolled in a truncated cone of 20[deg] . The truncated smooth shoulder is enrolled in a circular cone of 4[deg] , has a length of 2-2.5 mm, and prolongs through a smooth conical stretch, whose apex passes through a pillar formed with the pillar forming part. An axis of the pillar is inclined with respect to a longitudinal axis of the implant body, where the inclination is 0-30[deg] . A polygonal pit (9) having a polygonal section is centered on the longitudinal axis, which passes through the pillar. An independent claim is included for an implant set.