anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The implementation of new antimicrobial resistance stewardship programs is crucial in optimizing antibiotic use. However, prescription choices can be difficult during empiric therapy; clinicians must balance the survival benefits of broader spectrum antibiotics with associated increases in resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the overall feasibility of switching to narrow spectrum antibiotics during the empiric treatment of E. coli bacteraemia by quantifying changes in resistance rates, antibiotic usage, and mortality using a deterministic state-transition model. Three unique model scenarios (A, B, and C), each representing a progressively broader spectrum empiric treatment regimen, were used to compare outcomes at 5 years. We show that the empiric use of the narrowest spectrum (first-line) antibiotics can lead to reductions in resistance to second-line antibiotics and the use of third-line antibiotics, but they also lead to increases in resistance to first-line therapy and higher mortality. Crucially, we find that shortening the duration of empiric and overall treatment, as well as reducing the baseline mortality rate, are important for increasing the feasibility of switching to narrow spectrum antibiotics in the empiric treatment of E. coli bacteraemia. We provide a flexible model design to investigate optimal treatment approaches for other bacterial infections.
Patients admitted with the primary diagnosis of HF and are currently being assessed with clinically indicated hemodynamic monitoring.The Kyma device will be worn by the patient and data collected from the device will be compared to the data collected through hemodynamic monitoring. The device will be worn for 60 days post hospital discharge.
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogeneous rare autoimmune fibrosing disorder affecting connective tissue. The etiology of systemic sclerosis is largely unknown and many genes have been suggested as susceptibility loci of modest impact by genome-wide association study (GWAS). Multiple factors can contribute to the pathological process of the disease, which makes it more difficult to identify possible disease-causing genetic alterations. In this study, we have applied whole genome sequencing (WGS) in 101 indexed family trios, supplemented with transcriptome sequencing on cultured fibroblast cells of four patients and five family controls where available. Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and copy number variants (CNVs) were examined, with emphasis on de novo variants. We also performed enrichment test for rare variants in candidate genes previously proposed in association with systemic sclerosis. We identified 42 exonic and 34 ncRNA de novo SNV changes in 101 trios, from a total of over 6000 de novo variants genome wide. We observed higher than expected de novo variants in PRKXP1 gene. We also observed such phenomenon along with increased expression in patient group in NEK7 gene. Additionally, we also observed significant enrichment of rare variants in candidate genes in the patient cohort, further supporting the complexity/multi-factorial etiology of systemic sclerosis. Our findings identify new candidate genes including PRKXP1 and NEK7 for future studies in SSc. We observed rare variant enrichment in candidate genes previously proposed in association with SSc, which suggest more efforts should be pursued to further investigate possible pathogenetic mechanisms associated with those candidate genes.
Disclosed is a composition of cefoperazone sodium and tazobactam sodium. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of the composition shows that the composition has specific chromatogram characteristics. The composition can be combined with another agent to form a significantly stable product. When the composition is combined with a solution for injection, the resulting solution can have a stable pH value and a stable degree of clarity for a long time. When the composition is used to prepare a drug, the drug will have a good therapeutic effect and a low risk of adverse reactions. Further disclosed is a quality control method for cefoperazone sodium and tazobactam sodium, with which the quality of the composition can be efficiently controlled to obtain a drug capable of being combined with another agent to form a product with excellent stability. The present invention can offer benefits for improving drug quality, medication safety, effectiveness, and the like, thus having good application prospects.
Fibromyalgia is characterized mainly by chronic widespread pain. Segmental muscle stretching therapeutic exercises reduce the shortening of myofascial structures and recover the body flexibility. It is indicated for the treatment of chronic pain caused by osteo-myo-articular dysfunction. The pain behavior may be defined as the adoption of body postures and attitudes that a person communicates his/her pain. In this way, the global postural reeducation - a method of muscles chains stretching exercises - could be an important intervention. In addition, negative thoughts and dysfunctional beliefs are usual in situations of chronic pain, compromising the health recovery process. As part of a pain catastrophizing-related therapeutic approach, physiotherapist may help patients with chronic pain to develop positive, realistic and hope attitudes as based on the cognitive behavioral therapy model.
Prodn. of opt. coated tablets contg. ifenprodil tartrate (I, 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)(4-benzylpiperdino)-1-propanol tartrate) comprises first mixing granules prepd. from lactose and hydroxypropyl cellulose (II) with powdered (I) and a powdered diluent, without addn. of a disintegrant. The resulting mixt. is then tabletted and opt. coated with a film or with sugar. Pref. granules contain 75-98 wt.% lactose and 2-25 wt.% and they make up 60-90 wt.% of the tabletting mixt. The diluent is esp. 5-20 wt.% crystalline cellulose and the mixt. is tabletted in the presence of 0.5-2 wt.% Mg stearate as lubricant. (I) is known as a vasodilator but is normally difficult to formulate as tablets because it is hygroscopic. In the present tablets (I) itself acts as a disintegrant, so that no additional disintegrant (which would adversely affect tablet strength, etc) is required. The amt. of binder required is reduced and preliminary granulation of (I) and diluent is not necessary.
Described is a unique class of antiviral molecule that can be applied to control and eliminate HIV infection in patients using myeloablation therapies and replenishment with transformed bone marrow stem cells programmed to express the antiviral molecule. These anti-viral molecules target the HIV genome in a highly conserved domain, and when expressed in cells prior to infection will cause the cell to die upon infection with HIV. Cell death insures no proliferation of new virus. Reconstituting the immune system with cells expressing these antivirals prevents re-establishment of HIV infection from reservoirs in the re-established lymphocyte and macrophage populations. Over time, reservoirs will be depleted entirely, effectively eliminating the virus. In effect, this new type of antiviral can be used to cure HIV infections.
The prevalence of uterine polyps has been estimated in the general population at 10-15%, while in infertile patients it ranges from 6-32%. Its etiology is considered as multifactorial. Polyps induce a local inflammatory response in the endometrial cavity, causing infertility. The treatment of choice considered "gold standard" is the excision by hysteroscopy, however, improvement has been shown in patients with conservative management due to the regression rate of 27%. There are no recommended drugs to provide a definitive treatment for uterine polyps. Misoprostol is a synthetic analogue derived from prostaglandin E1 that has stimulating effects on the smooth muscle fibers of the uterus, causing contractions of the myometrium, which cause endouterine evacuation. The present study shows a possible utility of misoprostol for the conservative treatment of uterine polyps.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled FUTON (a thick bedquilt) and pillow utilizable for promoting the health of a human body, by packing medicinal herbs in a screw type pipe body. CONSTITUTION:Newly collected raw medicinal herbs are rolled by rolls (5b) and (5c), and the resultant flat raw medicinal herbs (5g) are processed by a cutter to give medicinal herbs (5a), which are then packed in screw type pipe bodies 1 and arranged in an R-shaped stepped cover 6. In the process, a mold corresponding to the radius of the pipe bodies 1 is made from a suitable material, and the pipe bodies 1 can be arranged in the respective covers 6 without the clearance even by contact with each other due to the constant pitch (6b) of the respective radii. Thus, a FUTON (thick bedquilt) and a pillow containing the medicinal herbs are prepared. The elasticity of the uneven parts (2a) which are the waves of the screw type pipe bodies 1 have the effects on the relief of hardened human muscles and useful for promoting the health. The exchanges of the medicinal herbs in the screw type pipe bodies 1 several months after starting the use are effective. The used medicinal herbs are reutilizable as a herbal medicine.
Virally suppressed participants receiving commercially available nucleoside/nucleotide (NUC) will be administered inarigivir soproxil 100 mg tablet once daily orally 1 hour before or 1 hour after a meal for 12 weeks. Participants will continue commercially available NUCs for 48 weeks.
NMES will be applied bilaterally on the quadriceps femoris muscle of ICU patients. An electrical stimulation system and an ICU-designed dynamometer will be used with the patients lying in bed, with the hips and the knees flexed at 60 and 90 degrees, respectively. Supramaximal single-pulse's peak force will be used to determine the NMES intervention level. NMES (alternating biphasic current, stimulation frequency = 80 Hz, 1 ms pulse duration) will be used to evoke tetanic forces (EF) at 50% of the supra-maximal single-pulse EF (i.e., 10-12% of a maximal voluntary isometric contraction). NMES protocol will be performed five times a week, lasting 20 min. Muscle fatigue will be evaluated every 5 min of the intervention, and will be determined as a 10 % decrease in the single-pulse evoked torque between the evoked force produced pre- and during the NMES protocol. If and when a 10% reduction of the single-pulse EF is achieved, the intervention protocol will be terminated before the 20 min.
Primary Aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension, accounting for 6-8% of hypertension and 14-25% of resistant hypertension. This prevalence translates to approximately 1 in 30-50 adults or about 4,000,000 Americans with PA. Until recently, the deleterious effects of PA were thought to derive solely from aldosterone-mediated sodium retention and associated blood pressure rise. However, animal studies and clinical trials demonstrate that mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) blockade has cardio- and reno-protective effects that clearly exceed those expected from blood pressure reduction alone. Growing evidence supports the concept that excess aldosterone, in the presence of elevated blood pressure, initiates a cascade characterized by fibrosis, oxidative stress, and activation of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic pathways, leading to morbidity via worsened insulin sensitivity, impaired bone formation, and accelerated cardiovascular remodeling. Recent studies have identified several new genetic underpinnings of PA, both germline and somatic, including mutations in KCNJ5, ATP1A1, ATP2B3, CACNA1D, and ARMC5. As the effects of chronic hyperaldosteronism differ between races, it is not surprising that the relative prevalence of these mutations differs among cohorts. African Americans (AA) in particular have increased susceptibility to end-organ damage from aldosterone excess-induced cardiovascular remodeling. They are more likely to have congestive heart failure, end-stage renal disease, and atherosclerotic events than age-matched Caucasians. However, to date no comprehensive analysis of mutations in PA has been performed in AA. (Note: for the purposes of this protocol, the terms Black or African American incorporate individuals who self-identify as Black, African American, or the Caribbean diaspora).

The aims of this study are to identify the germline and/or somatic mutations causing PA in AA, define the effects of these mutations on aldosterone production in AA, and to identify effective pharmacologic agents that will inhibit inappropriate aldosterone production in target cells. Aldosterone producing adenoma (APA) and other adrenocortical tumor (ACT) specimens will be gathered from archival (collected under protocol 00-CH-160 and other related NIH studies) and prospective research subjects with PA that will be evaluated at the NIH Clinical Research Center under the proposed protocol. Samples will be analyzed using state-of-the-art next-generation sequencing (NGS). Human adrenal cell lines (H295R and others, as appropriate) will be used to study the mutations effect on aldosterone production. Additionally, this will help identify possible effective pharmacologic therapeutics to treat PA. Animal models of novel genetic causes of PA may also be created to study the molecular mechanisms underpinning the disease.
An article of clothing is provided for topically delivering a pharmaceutical composition to a wearer of the article of clothing. The clothing typically includes at least three layers, an optional outer surface layer, a middle layer, and an inner layer. A pharmaceutical composition is applied to the inner layer. The middle layer prevents the pharmaceutical composition from passing from the inner layer to the outer surface layer. A method for delivering a pharmaceutical is also disclosed, wherein a pharmaceutical composition is applied to the inner layer of an article of clothing and the clothing is worn by a person. A pharmaceutical preparation delivery kit is also provided, wherein the kit includes an article of clothing for topically delivering a pharmaceutical composition and a pharmaceutical composition.
Traditional, conservative medical treatment of osteoarthritis has been directed at improving functional status through reducing joint pain and inflammation and maintaining or restoring joint function. Exercise is an adjunct therapy in the clinical management of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. However, it is not uniformly accepted. The central hypothesis of this work is that the Surgeon General's exercise guidelines can be successfully implemented as an effective nonsurgical option for treatment of patients with early stages of knee osteoarthritis.

Patients with knee osteoarthritis will be randomized into a control group, a walking exercise group, and a stationary cycling exercise group. The individuals in the exercise groups will be required to exercise three times per week for one year using emerging public health recommendations for aerobic exercise in the adult and aging population. Patient outcome will be assessed using objective gait analysis measurements, knee radiographs to quantify joint space narrowing, magnetic resonance imaging, a general health questionnaire (SF-36), a disease/site specific questionnaire (WOMAC), and a visual-analog pain scale. All subjects will be studied at 0 and 52 weeks.
Patients in the control group receive a DCE similar to the intervention group, but without implantation of a space-expanding shield. Cranioplasty (CP) is performed after \~ 90 days in the customary manner.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain fucoidan-contg. extract which is substantially tasteless, odorless and pale and is useful for treatment of gastric diseases, etc., from mozuku (Nemacystus decipiens (SURINGAR) KUCHUCK) by subjecting the mozuku or its extraction liquid to a hydrogen peroxide treatment. SOLUTION: The fucoidan-contg. extract is obtd. from the mozuku by bringing hydrogen peroxide into reaction with mozuku algar substances or adding the hydrogen peroxide to the mozuku extraction liquid. The mozuku algar substances are further subjected to a refining treatment after the hydrogen peroxide treatment to remove impurity of low mol.wt., by which the extract having a high fucoidan content is obtd. The mozuku extract of purity preferable as food is obtd. by removing the trace hydrogen peroxide remaining after the hydrogen peroxide treatment by a catalase treatment.
The cancer treatment landscape is significantly evolving, focusing on advanced radiation therapy methods to maximize effectiveness and minimize the adverse effects. Recognized as a pivotal component in cancer and disease treatment, radiation therapy (RT) has drawn attention in recent research that delves into its intricate interplay with inflammation and the immune response. This exploration unveils the underlying processes that significantly influence treatment outcomes. In this context, the potential advantages of combining bronchoscopy with RT across diverse clinical scenarios, alongside the targeted impact of brachytherapy, are explored. Concurrently, radiation treatments serve multifaceted roles such as DNA repair, cell elimination, and generating immune stress signaling molecules known as damage-associated molecular patterns, elucidating their effectiveness in treating various diseases. External beam RT introduces versatility by utilizing particles such as photons, electrons, protons, or carbon ions, each offering distinct advantages. Advanced RT techniques contribute to the evolving landscape, with emerging technologies like FLASH, spatially fractionated RT, and others poised to revolutionize the field. The comprehension of RT, striving for improved treatment outcomes, reduced side effects, and facilitating personalized and innovative treatments for cancer and noncancer patients. After navigating these advancements, the goal is fixed to usher in a new era in which RT is a cornerstone of precision and effectiveness in medical interventions. In summarizing the myriad findings, the review underscores the significance of understanding the differential impacts of radiation approaches on inflammation and immune modulation, offering valuable insights for developing innovative therapeutic interventions that harness the immune system in conjunction with RT.
This invention provides novel chromogenic enzyme substrates which are indoxyl β-D-ribofuranosides. A process for their production is provided. Methods for detecting β-D-ribofuranosidase activity are given. The advantages of these novel compounds includes: detecting β-D-ribofuranosidase activity with high sensitivity and low substrate concentrations and use with other enzyme indicators in situations where a plurality of enzyme activities is to be visualized simultaneously e.g. for identifying bacteria growth on solid growth media. The synthesis and use of 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-ribofuranoside is exemplified.
Subjects aged between 6 months to 9 years old, who were infected or not infected with Plasmodium falciparum parasite. Infection status was assessed using a blood smear slide and determined using microscopy.
The purpose of this study is to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) effects of GSK2339345 in healthy subjects. GSK2339345 is a blocker of neuronal voltage gated sodium channels in development for the treatment of chronic cough, excessive cough and post-viral and viral (acute) cough. Inhaled pan NaV inhibitors are associated with oropharyngeal sensation perturbation and so this study will establish the potential local sensate effects of GSK2339345 at multiples of the predicted inhaled therapeutic dose. This study also aims to define the maximum tolerated dose of GSK2339345 administered via an aqueous droplet inhaler. Cohort 1 is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over, inhaled single-dose escalating study using an aqueous droplet inhaler. Cohort 1 will include assessments of sensate changes via a 4 point scale, assessment of taste via an 11 point scale, and PK assessments to investigate the PK profile of GSK2339345. Cohort 2 of this study is a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, parallel group, inhaled repeat dose study using a aqueous droplet inhaler. Subjects will be randomised to receive 2000 microgram of GSK2339345 or placebo four times a day for two consecutive study days. Similar assessments of sensations to those used in Cohort 1 will be performed. The potential for systemic cardiovascular (CV) or central nervous system (CNS) effects will also be assessed throughout the study via observation. Cohort 2 will also include PK assessments to investigate the PK profile of GSK2339345. Placebo will be used throughout the study as a control.
This study aims to investigate the association between food insecurity, eating behaviour and relative weight change among Malaysian young adults in the aftermath of the pandemic-led lockdown. Socio-demographics, body height, and body weight were self-reported by the young adults. Food security was assessed using the 8-item validated Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES), while the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-Revised 18-item (TFEQ-R18) was adopted to evaluate the eating behaviour of young adults. Of the 447, 45.9% maintained the same body weight as before the pandemic-led lockdown. While almost half of the young adults (47.2%) were food secure, about one-fourth (24.8%) suffered moderate-to-severe food insecurity. Meanwhile, the standardised raw scores for all the eating behaviour subscales were in the ascending order of cognitive restraint (49.37 ± 18.60) < uncontrolled eating (50.61 ± 20.37) < emotional eating (50.68 ± 24.50). The findings of the Sobel test indicated that the mediation effects of eating behaviour were not statistically significant (p > 0.05), suggesting that eating behaviour (cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating and emotional eating) did not mediate the relationship between moderate-to-severe food insecurity and relative weight change. Health promotion interventions such as introducing food assistance programs, offering incentives for nutritious food purchases, and re-emphasising healthy eating are essential to rectify food insecurity and disordered eating among Malaysians.
The ISTDP model is an emotion focused brief format of psychotherapy that helps the patients identify and address emotional factors that culminate into exacerbation of depression and perpetuation of depression. The emphasis is on awareness of emotions and how they affect the person's behavioral patterns and mood. The research protocol calls for the treatment to be delivered according to a 20-session time-limited format. The first session is an extended 2-3 hour appointment (21), then sessions are planned to occur on a weekly basis lasting 60 minutes in duration. Termination in fewer sessions is based upon agreement between therapist and patient.
TAS3351 in NSCLC patients with C797S EGFRmt. TAS3351 will be administered at the recommended phase 2 dose determined in Part A.