anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) is a chronic diffuse connective tissue disease with unexplained etiology that can involve multiple systems in the body. SLE is considered as an incurable disease and traditional SLE treatment aims at long-term remission. Glucocorticoids combined with immunosuppressive agents are still the main treatment strategies. Recently, biological agents targeting abnormal immune cells, such as rituximab and belimumab, which deplete B cells have also achieved some success in the treatment of SLE. However, these agents cannot permanently reverse the production of abnormal antibodies as they are unable to eliminate pathogenic long-lived plasma cells. The BCMA-CD19 CAR T-cells are designed to deplete antibody-producing 'root", B cells and plasma cells.
INTRODUCTION: Several implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) programming strategies are applied to minimize ICD therapy, especially unnecessary therapies from supraventricular arrhythmias (SVA). However, it remains unknown whether these optimal programming recommendations only benefit those with SVAs or have any detrimental effects from delayed therapy on those without SVAs. This study aims to assess the impact of SVA on the outcomes of ICD programming based on 2015 HRS/EHRA/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement and 2019 focused update on optimal ICD programming and testing guidelines.
METHODS: Consecutive patients who underwent ICD insertion for primary prevention were classified into four groups based on SVA status and ICD programming: (1) guideline-concordant group (GC) with SVA, (2) GC without SVA, (3) nonguideline concordant group (NGC) with SVA, and (4) NGC without SVA. Cox proportional hazard models were analyzed for freedom from ICD therapies, shock, and mortality.
RESULTS: Seven hundred and seventy-two patients (median age, 64 years) were enrolled. ICD therapies were the most frequent in NGC with SVA (24.0%), followed by NGC without SVA (19.9%), GC without SVA (11.6%), and GC with SVA (8.1%). Guideline concordant programming was associated with 68% ICD therapy reduction (HR 0.32, p = .007) and 67% ICD shock reduction (HR 0.33, p = .030) in SVA patients and 44% ICD therapy reduction in those without SVA (HR 0.56, p = .030).
CONCLUSION: Programming ICDs in primary prevention patients based on current guidelines reduces therapy burden without increasing mortality in both SVA and non-SVA patients. A greater magnitude of reduced ICD therapy was found in those with supraventricular arrhythmias.
The invention discloses a scutellaria baicalensis extractive for preventing and/or treating dental ulcer. The scutellaria baicalensis extractive is obtained by extracting scutellaria baicalensis; the scutellaria baicalensis extractive contains baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside, wogonin, and oroxylin A; content of baicalin is 85%-91%, content of baicalein is 3%-7%, content of wogonoside is 1%-2%, content of wogonin is 0.5%-1%, and content of oroxylin A is less than 0.5%. The invention further relates to a composition; the drug composition includes scutellaria baicalensis extractive and honeysuckle extractive. Preferentially, the drug composition is Yinhuang drop pill and Yinhuang dispersible tablet. The scutellaria baicalensis extractive provided by the invention has high content of scutellaria baicalensis, other components are clear; the drug composition is good effect, simple in preparation method, and convenient to major production. The verification shows that the Yinhuang drug composition has good treatment effect for dental ulcer.
Microcystins (MCs) are secondary metabolites generated by cyanobacterial blooms, among which microcystin-LR (MC-LR) stands out as the most widely distributed variant in aquatic environments. However, the effects of MC-LR on the colorectum and its role in promoting colorectal tumor progression remain unclear. Therefore, this study aims to scrutinize the impact of MC-LR on a mice model of colitis-associated colorectal cancer and elucidate the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, we used AOM/DSS mice and orally administered MC-LR at doses of 40 µg/kg or 200 µg/kg. Exposure to MC-LR increased tumor burden, promoted tumor growth, shortened colon size, and decreased goblet cell numbers and tight junction protein levels in intestinal tissues. Additionally, exposure to MC-LR induced alterations in the structure of gut microbiota in the mouse colon, characterized by an increase in the relative abundance of Escherichia_coli and Shigella_sonnei, and a decline in the relative abundance of Akkermansia_muciniphila. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that MC-LR exposure activated the IL-17 signaling pathway in mouse colorectal tissues and participated in inflammation regulation and immune response. Immunofluorescence results demonstrated an increase in T-helper 17 (Th17) cell levels in mouse colorectal tumors following MC-LR exposure. The results from RT-qPCR revealed that MC-LR induced the upregulation of IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-17A, TNF-α, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL5 and CCL20. The novelty of this study lies in its comprehensive approach to understanding the mechanisms by which MC-LR may contribute to CRC progression, offering new perspectives and valuable reference points for establishing guidance standards regarding MC-LR in drinking water. Our findings suggest that even at guideline value, MC-LR can have profound effects on susceptible mice, emphasizing the need for a reevaluation of guideline value and a deeper understanding of the role of environmental toxins in cancer progression.
The invention relates to the field of cosmetics, in particular to a skin care composition and a preparation method thereof. The skin care composition provided by the invention comprises an antioxidant moisturizing solvent, a whitening and freckle removing solvent and ginseng. The antioxidant water-replenishing solvent comprises methyl propylene glycol, carbomer, sclerotium rolfsii gum, menthone and pullulan. The whitening and freckle-removing solvent mainly comprises babassu seed oil glyceryl polyether-8 esters, PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil, arginine ferulate, glutathione, tranexamic acid, D-panthenol, butanediol and caprylyl hydroxamic acid. The invention solves the problem that skin care products in the market have certain effects of whitening, moisturizing, resisting wrinkles and the like, but can irritate and damage the skin. Meanwhile, the invention solves the problems of complex preparation process and low utilization rate of effective ingredients of ginseng of skin care products containing ginseng ingredients provided in the market. The skin care composition provided by the invention has the effects of whitening, fading spots, preventing skin dehydration and hardening, enhancing the oxidation resistance, supplementing skin nutrition and the like.
A biological information management module (12) includes a first acquisition unit (14), a determination unit (18), and a generation unit (19). The first acquisition unit (14) acquires a plurality of pieces of biological information of different types for a living organism during sleep. The determination unit (18) determines the state of the living organism based on the pieces of biological information. The generation unit (19) generates an execution instruction when the determination unit (18) determines that the living organism is in a predetermined state. The execution instruction causes a first device (23) to execute a predetermined operation. The first device (23) executes the predetermined operation with respect to the living organism.
INTRODUCTION: With medical science advancing in leaps and bounds, average lifespan is now trending upward, and we are now facing an increasing prevalence of diseases of the elderly, sarcopenia being one of them. Unfortunately, sarcopenia, especially in India, remains to be frequently overlooked, underdiagnosed, and largely understudied. One of the greatest hindrances to the diagnosis of sarcopenia is high costs and limited availability of diagnostic modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. Accessible, feasible, and affordable means to diagnose sarcopenia is thus the need of the hour.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional observational study among 300 patients aged 65 years or above (including both outpatient and inpatient departments) at MM Institute of Medical Sciences, Mullana between June 2021 and June 2022. Patients were evaluated as per the European Working Group for Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) algorithm using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and the results were compared with results of the SARC-F questionnaire. Statistical analyses were then carried out using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Statistics version 26.
RESULTS: Out of 300 patients, 56 (18.7%) were sarcopenic. Sarcopenia showed no significant association with sex (p = 0.74). SARC-F showed a sensitivity of 73.2% and a specificity of 37.3% with a positive predictive value of 86.51% and a negative predictive value of 32.84% in diagnosing sarcopenia. SARC-F showed good internal reliability with a Cronbach's α > 0.7.
CONCLUSION: The SARC-F questionnaire can be used as a bedside screening tool for sarcopenia, especially in a developing country like India where diagnostic resources are frequently scarce.
Saponines of rhizome Ruscus aculeatus L. (Lileaceae) are prepared by extraction with aq. n-butanol and evaporation, further extraction with water or a miscible solvent contg. >=65% water (e.g. methanol) and passing the soln. through a non-ionic resin column. The saponines are removed from the column with a desorbing agent. (alcohol). Resin is pref. Amberlite XAD 2 or 7 (RTM). The separation of sterolic or triterpenic saponines (Hedera Helix) is more complete by this method than by that of parent patent involving chromatographic purification.
Human Milk Donor Fortifier added to preterm human milk (maternal or donor) only for weight gain less than 15g/kg/day after full feeds of 180 ml/kg/day are achieved (120 Kcal/kg/day). If milk of any infant in the selective fortification group gets fortified the volume will be decreased to 150 ml/kg/day to keep the total caloric intake equal.
This large, multi-center randomized controlled trial will compare two multi-component postpartum care models via hybrid type 1 design conducted in two phases. An initial phase (phase 1) will collect baseline data and ensure patient input into final study. In phase 2, women will be randomized. Comparators are evidenced- based approaches: (1) an intensive in-person education with virtual education via push notifications using an electronic health record web portal; (2) a telehealth model using serial encounters. The "push" approach using notifications directly contrasts with the "pull" approach using telehealth visits. Both models include home visit programs. The study population includes patients delivering in two urban, inner-city health systems: Parkland (Dallas, TX) and Grady Memorial (Atlanta, GA). The primary outcome is time from hospital discharge to diagnosis and treatment of a composite of complications in the first 6 weeks. Based upon pilot data, 2349 women will demonstrate a 40% reduction (9 to 5.4 days) with 80% power and two-sided alpha of 0.05. 3500 women will be enrolled (1000 in phase 1; 2500 in phase 2) with anticipated \<5% attrition at 6 weeks. Inclusion will be women who deliver liveborn infants. Secondary outcomes include mental health disorders, emergency room visits, hospital admissions, patient knowledge, quality of life and satisfaction, provider satisfaction, and social determinants of health. Women will be followed for one year postpartum.
* Pretreatment with hCG is required prior to concomitant therapy with Follistim AQ Cartridge and hCG. An initial dosage of 1,500 international units of urinary hCG should be administered at twice weekly intervals to normalize serum testosterone levels. If serum testosterone levels have not normalized after 8 weeks of hCG treatment, the urinary hCG dose can be increased to 3,000 international units twice weekly [see Clinical Studies (14.3)].
  * After normal serum testosterone levels have been reached, Follistim AQ Cartridge should be administered by subcutaneous injection concomitantly with hCG treatment. Follistim is given at a dosage of 450 international units per week, as either 225 international units twice weekly or 150 international units three times per week, in combination with the same hCG dose used to normalize testosterone levels. Based on delivery of a higher dose of follitropin beta with the Follistim AQ Cartridge and pen injector [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)], a lower dose of Follistim AQ Cartridge may be considered.  
  
The concomitant therapy should be continued for at least 3 to 4 months before any improvement in spermatogenesis can be expected. If a man has not responded after this period, the combination therapy may be continued. Treatment response has been noted at up to 12 months.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review was to highlight most recent updates on nutritional aspects in gastroparesis (GP) focusing on dietary recommendations, utilization of enteral and parenteral nutrition, endoscopic and surgical interventions.
RECENT FINDINGS: Recent data addressed eating patterns, nutritional interventions, and clarifications on the role of endoscopic and surgical interventions underlying an impact on nutritional management of GP patients. They support the importance of gastroparesis-specific diet in addition to drug therapy, and confirm the benefits of a modified low-fat, low-fiber diet. Current guidelines suggest a new approach to GP management based on predominant symptoms. Gastric peroral endoscopic pyloromyotomy (G-POEM) and surgical gastric electrical stimulator (GES) placement may be considered in individuals with nausea and vomiting before the need for jejunostomy tube placement for enteral feeding or parenteral nutrition.
SUMMARY: Current literature supports the importance of dietary interventions, focusing on low-fat and low-fiber diets, in addition to drug therapies. Severely fiber-restrictive diets may not be necessary. There is enhanced understanding when jejunal feeding should be incorporated for refractory cases with consideration of G-POEM or/and GES even before jejunal tube placement. This approach will require patient evaluation in specialized motility centers.
PURPOSE: To gather and leverage the voices of students to drive creation of required, integrated palliative care curricula within undergraduate medical education in Massachusetts, which is lacking in a majority of U.S. medical schools.
METHOD: The study was conducted by the Massachusetts Medical Schools' Collaborative, a working group committed to ensuring all medical students in Massachusetts receive foundational training in serious illness communication (SIC) and palliative care. Eight focus groups (2 per participating medical school) were conducted during January-May 2021 and included a total of 50 students from Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Tufts University School of Medicine, and the UMass Chan Medical School. Data collected from focus groups were discussed and coded. Themes were identified using the immersion/crystallization qualitative data analysis approach.
RESULTS: Six key themes emerged. Students viewed SIC as essential to high-quality medical practice regardless of specialty, and believed training in SIC skills and palliative care should be required in medical school curricula. Students preferred to learn and practice these skills using frameworks, particularly in real-world situations. Students recognized the expertise of palliative care specialists and described them as a scarce, often misunderstood resource in health care. Students reported it was mostly "luck" if they were included in family meetings and observed good role models. Finally, students desired practice in debriefing after difficult and emotional situations.
CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms long-standing themes on students' experiences with SIC and palliative care topics, including feeling inadequately prepared to care for seriously ill patients as future physicians. Our study collected students' perspectives as actionable data to develop recommendations for curricular change. Collaborative faculty also created recommendations based on the focus group data for immediate and ongoing SIC and palliative care curricular change in Massachusetts, which can apply to medical schools nationwide.
Periodontitis development arises from the intricate interplay between bacterial biofilms and the host's immune response, where macrophages serve pivotal roles in defense and tissue homeostasis. Here, we uncover the mitigative effect of copper chelator Tetrathiomolybdate (TTM) on periodontitis through inhibiting cuproptosis, a newly identified form of cell death which is dependent on copper. Our study reveals concurrent cuproptosis and a macrophage marker within murine models. In response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, macrophages exhibit elevated cuproptosis-associated markers, which are mitigated by the administration of TTM. TTM treatment enhances autophagosome expression and mitophagy-related gene expression, countering the LPS-induced inhibition of autophagy flux. TTM also attenuates the LPS-induced fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes, the degradation of lysosomal acidic environments, lysosomal membrane permeability increase, and cathepsin B secretion. In mice with periodontitis, TTM reduces cuproptosis, enhances autophagy flux, and decreases Ctsb levels. Our findings underscore the crucial role of copper-chelating agent TTM in regulating the cuproptosis/mitophagy/lysosome pathway during periodontitis inflammation, suggesting TTM as a promising approach to alleviate macrophage dysfunction. Modulating cuproptosis through TTM treatment holds potential for periodontitis intervention.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a shampoo capable of imparting sufficient flexibility also to damaged hair and capable of enhancing an ability for resisting to the change of moisture around hair, an ability for controlling the spreading of hair and an antistatic ability by including an amino acid-based anion activator and a sucrose fatty acid ester. SOLUTION: This shampoo contains an amino acid-based anion activator (e.g. lauroyl-L-glutamic acid triethanolamine) preferably in an amount of 3-18 wt. % and a sucrose fatty acid ester (e.g. sucrose lauric acid ester) preferably in an amount of 0.2-20 wt. %.
Randomized subjects will receive orally once daily dose of AZD5718 oral suspension on Day 1 (SAD) and MAD from Days 3 to 10. On Day 2, no dose will be given. These procedures will be repeated in all cohorts.
Obesity is a common asthma comorbidity in adults, contributing to higher patient morbidity and mortality. Conversely, weight loss can reduce the impact of obesity on asthma and improve patient outcomes by diverse mechanisms including modulating airway inflammation, reducing oxidative stress, and improving lung function. Multiple lifestyle, nonpharmacological, pharmacological, and surgical interventions are effective at reducing weight in the general population. Fewer have been studied specifically in the context of patients with asthma. However, increasingly effective pharmacologic options for weight loss highlight the need for allergists and pulmonologists to understand the range of approaches that may directly or indirectly yield clinical benefits in asthma management. Weight loss interventions often require multidisciplinary support to create strategies that can realistically achieve a patient's personalized asthma and weight goals. This includes minimizing the adverse weight effects of glucocorticoids, which remain a mainstay of asthma management. Disparities in access, cost, and insurance coverage of weight loss interventions remain acute challenges for providers and patients. Future studies are needed to elucidate mechanisms of action of specific weight loss interventions on short-term and long-term asthma outcomes.
PURPOSE: Spinocerebellar ataxia SCA1 and SCA2 are adult-onset hereditary disorders, due to triplet CAG expansion in their respective causative genes. The pathophysiology of SCA1 and SCA2 suggests alterations of cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathway and its connections to the basal ganglia. In this framework, thalamic integrity is crucial for shaping efficient whole-brain dynamics and functions. The aims of the study are to identify structural changes in thalamic nuclei in presymptomatic and symptomatic SCA1 and SCA2 patients and to assess disease progression within a 1-year interval.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective 1-year clinical and MRI assessment was conducted in 27 presymptomatic and 23 clinically manifest mutation carriers for SCA1 and SCA2 expansions. Cross-sectional and longitudinal changes of thalamic nuclei volume were investigated in SCA1 and SCA2 individuals and in healthy participants (n = 20).
RESULTS: Both SCA1 and SCA2 patients had significant atrophy in the majority of thalamic nuclei, except for the posterior and partly medial nuclei. The 1-year longitudinal evaluation showed a specific pattern of atrophy in ventral and posterior thalamus, detectable even at the presymptomatic stage of the disease.
CONCLUSION: For the first time in vivo, our exploratory study has shown that different thalamic nuclei are involved at different stages of the degenerative process in both SCA1 and SCA2. It is therefore possible that thalamic alterations might significantly contribute to the progression of the disease years before overt clinical manifestations occur.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The deposition of lipids in macrophages and the subsequent formation of foam cells significantly increase the risk of developing atherosclerosis (As). Targeting ATP-binding cassette transporter A1/G1 (ABCA1/ABCG1)-mediated reverse cholesterol transport is crucial for regulating foam cell formation. Therefore, the search for natural chemical components with the ability to regulate ABCA1/G1 is a potential drug target to combat the development of atherosclerosis. Gypenoside XVII (GP-17), a gypenoside monomer extracted from gynostemma pentaphyllum, presents an efficient anti-atherosclerosis function. However, the suppressed formation mechanism of foam cells by GP-17 remains elusive.
AIM OF STUDY: To explore the protective activities of GP-17 in ox-LDL-induced THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells through modulating the promotion of cholesterol efflux and alleviation of inflammation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: MTT was used to detect cell viability. Bodipy493/503 and oil red O staining were performed to measure cell lipid deposition. Enzymatic assay was used to measure intracellular cholesterol measurement. Cholesterol efflux/uptake were determined by cholesterol efflux assay and Dil-ox-LDL uptake assay. Inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA. Bioinformatics prediction and dual luciferase reporter assay were performed to validate miR-182-5p targeting HDAC9. Relative protein levels were evaluated by immunoblotting and relative gene levels were determined by quantitative real-time PCR.
RESULTS: Our results showed that GP-17 upregulated the expression of ABCA1, ABCG1 and miR-182-5p, but reduced HDAC9 expression levels in lipid-loaded macrophages, which promoted cholesterol efflux and inhibited lipid deposition. Additionally, GP-17 promoted the M2 phenotype of the macrophage and suppressed the inflammatory response in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells. Overexpression of HDAC9 or suppression of miR-182-5p eliminated the effects of ABCA1/G1 expression, lipid deposition and pro-inflammatory response.
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that GP-17 exerts a beneficial effect on macrophage lipid deposition and inflammation responses through activating the miR-182-5p/HDAC9 signaling pathway.