anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention provides a composition for treating baldness and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines. The composition for treating baldness mainly comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6-10 parts of angelica, 10-15 parts of achyranthes root, 5-7 parts of glossy privet fruit, 6-9 parts of divaricate saposhnikovia root, 5-8 parts of baical skullcap root, 1-2 parts of heartleaf houttuynia herb, 1-2 parts of subprostrate sophora root and 2-5 parts of safflower. The oral preparation has effects of promoting blood circulation, invigorating qi and blood, and effectively relieving and treating alopecia and baldness caused by blood deficiency and qi deficiency by using radix Angelicae sinensis, Scutellariae radix and Carthami flos as principal drugs. Achyranthes root, glossy privet fruit and divaricate saposhnikovia root are taken as ministers to achieve a better kidney tonifying effect, so that the synergetic monarch drug can regulate the symptoms of qi deficiency of patients. The houttuynia cordata and the subprostrate sophora can clear away heat and toxic materials and improve immunity. In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the composition for treating the baldness, the composition for treating the baldness can be prepared in a simple and convenient mode, and the cost performance is high.
Leucovorin is indicated to diminish the toxicity and counteract the effect of inadvertently administered overdosages of methotrexate. Leucovorin administration should begin as promptly as possible. As the time interval between methotrexate administration and leucovorin initiation increases, the effectiveness of leucovorin in counteracting toxicity decreases. Monitoring of the serum methotrexate concentration is essential in determining the optimal dose and duration of treatment with leucovorin.

In cases of massive overdosage, hydration and urinary alkalinization may be necessary to prevent the precipitation of methotrexate and/or its metabolites in the renal tubules. Generally speaking, neither hemodialysis nor peritoneal dialysis has been shown to improve methotrexate elimination. However, effective clearance of methotrexate has been reported with acute, intermittent hemodialysis using a high-flux dialyzer (Wall, SM et al: Am J Kidney Dis 28 (6): 846-854, 1996).

Accidental intrathecal overdosage may require intensive systemic support, high-dose systemic leucovorin, alkaline diuresis and rapid CSF drainage and ventriculolumbar perfusion.

In postmarketing experience, overdose with methotrexate has generally occurred with oral and intrathecal administration, although intravenous and intramuscular overdose have also been reported.

Reports of oral overdose often indicate accidental daily administration instead of weekly (single or divided doses). Symptoms commonly reported following oral overdose include those symptoms and signs reported at pharmacologic doses, particularly hematologic and gastrointestinal reaction. For example, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, pancytopenia, bone marrow suppression, mucositis, stomatitis, oral ulceration, nausea, vomiting, gastrointestinal ulceration, gastrointestinal bleeding. In some cases, no symptoms were reported.

There have been reports of death following overdose. In these cases, events such as sepsis or septic shock, renal failure, and aplastic anemia were also reported.

Symptoms of intrathecal overdose are generally central nervous system (CNS) symptoms, including headache, nausea and vomiting, seizure or convulsion, and acute toxic encephalopathy. In some cases, no symptoms were reported. There have been reports of death following intrathecal overdose. In these cases, cerebellar herniation associated with increased intracranial pressure, and acute toxic encephalopathy have also been reported.

There are published case reports of intravenous and intrathecal carboxypeptidase G2 treatment to hasten clearance of methotrexate in cases of overdose.
Our study aimed to evaluate the safety of CoronaVac, an inactivated vaccine made by Sinovac, in children aged 7-14. We conducted a parent-administered online survey to monitor adverse reactions after vaccinating children in Taizhou, China, from February 15, 2021, to January 19, 2022. 767 parents completed the survey after receiving a questionnaire via WeChat. Overall, 15.3 % (117/767) of children experienced adverse effects after the first dose, and 12.2 % (88/724) after the second. Muscle pain was the most common adverse reaction post-first dose (10.0 %), while localized pain or itching at the injection site was most common after the second dose (7.6 %). In conclusion, the vaccine has a low incidence of side effects. The mild to moderate, transient, and common nature of these effects further boosts parents' confidence in vaccinating their children.
A system for remotely monitoring a person's physical activity includes at least one accelerometer capable of measuring both the magnitude and direction of an acceleration. The acceleration data is processed to determine motion/position status and to decide whether there is a likelihood that the person has fallen, and if so, the likely direction that the person has fallen. Based on this data, the likely severity of the fall is calculated. If the severity of the fall is outside an acceptable limit, an alert state is reached upon which a signal is communicated to a remote monitoring unit. Likewise, various physiological conditions may be measured to determine the existence of any anomalous vital signs that would trigger an alarm state. If so, the remote monitoring unit will sound or otherwise communicate an alarm to a person associated with the remote monitoring unit.
Synaptic plasticity is obstructed by pathogenic tau in the brain, representing a key mechanism that underlies memory loss in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related tauopathies. Here, we found that reduced levels of the memory-associated protein KIdney/BRAin (KIBRA) in the brain and increased KIBRA protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid are associated with cognitive impairment and pathological tau levels in disease. We next defined a mechanism for plasticity repair in vulnerable neurons using the C-terminus of the KIBRA protein (CT-KIBRA). We showed that CT-KIBRA restored plasticity and memory in transgenic mice expressing pathogenic human tau; however, CT-KIBRA did not alter tau levels or prevent tau-induced synapse loss. Instead, we found that CT-KIBRA stabilized the protein kinase Mζ (PKMζ) to maintain synaptic plasticity and memory despite tau-mediated pathogenesis. Thus, our results distinguished KIBRA both as a biomarker of synapse dysfunction and as the foundation for a synapse repair mechanism to reverse cognitive impairment in tauopathy.
Diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility (DEIA) are foundational principles for clinical trials and medical research. In rare diseases clinical research, where numbers of participants are already challenged by rarity itself, maximizing inclusion is of particular importance to clinical trial success, as well as ensuring the generalizability and relevance of the trial results to the people affected by these diseases. In this article, we review the medical and gray literature and cite case examples to provide insights into how DEIA can be proactively integrated into rare diseases clinical research. Here, we particularly focus on genetic diversity. While the rare diseases DEIA literature is nascent, it is accelerating as many patient advocacy groups, professional societies, training and educational organizations, researcher groups, and funders are setting intentional strategies to attain DEIA goals moving forward, and to establish metrics to ensure continued improvement. Successful examples in underserved and underrepresented populations are available that can serve as case studies upon which rare diseases clinical research programs can be built. Rare diseases have historically been innovation drivers in basic, translational, and clinical research, and ultimately, all populations benefit from data diversity in rare diseases populations that deliver novel insights and approaches to how clinical research can be performed.
BACKGROUND: The locus coeruleus (LC) and the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) are altered in early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Little is known about LC and NBM alteration in limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The aim of the present study is to investigate in vivo LC and NBM integrity in patients with suspected-LATE, early-amnestic AD and FTD in comparison with controls.
METHODS: Seventy-two participants (23 early amnestic-AD patients, 17 suspected-LATE, 17 FTD patients, defined by a clinical-biological diagnosis reinforced by amyloid and tau PET imaging, and 15 controls) underwent neuropsychological assessment and 3T brain MRI. We analyzed the locus coeruleus signal intensity (LC-I) and the NBM volume as well as their relation with cognition and with medial temporal/cortical atrophy.
RESULTS: We found significantly lower LC-I and NBM volume in amnestic-AD and suspected-LATE in comparison with controls. In FTD, we also observed lower NBM volume but a slightly less marked alteration of the LC-I, independently of the temporal or frontal phenotype. NBM volume was correlated with the global cognitive efficiency in AD patients. Strong correlations were found between NBM volume and that of medial temporal structures, particularly the amygdala in both AD and FTD patients.
CONCLUSIONS: The alteration of LC and NBM in amnestic-AD, presumed-LATE and FTD suggests a common vulnerability of these structures to different proteinopathies. Targeting the noradrenergic and cholinergic systems could be effective therapeutic strategies in LATE and FTD.
For this study, Gateway Academy students will participate in the FitClub intervention. They will rotate through each fitness module, which includes spin class, Pilates, strengthening exercises (weight training), basketball, running and rhythm, and cardio fitness. Students will meet five days per week during their first class of the day for 35 minutes and participate in two randomly assigned modules for two week periods. After 2 weeks, they participate in 2 different modules. Resting and peak heart rate (during exercise), calories burned and steps taken will be collected during each session.
Changes in the extracellular matrix of pulmonary arteries (PAs) are a key aspect of vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Yet, our understanding of the alterations affecting the proteoglycan (PG) family remains limited. We sought to investigate the expression and spatial distribution of major vascular PGs in PAs from healthy individuals and various PH groups (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: PH-COPD, pulmonary fibrosis: PH-PF, idiopathic: IPAH). PG regulation, deposition, and synthesis were notably heightened in IPAH, followed by PH-PF, with minor alterations in PH-COPD. Single-cell analysis unveiled cell-type and disease-specific PG regulation. Agrin expression, a basement membrane PG, was increased in IPAH, with PA endothelial cells (PAECs) identified as a major source. PA smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) mainly produced large-PGs, aggrecan and versican, and small-leucine-like proteoglycan (SLRP) biglycan, whereas the major PGs produced by adventitial fibroblasts were SLRP decorin and lumican. In IPAH and PF-PH, the neointima-forming PASMC population increased the expression of all investigated large-PGs and SLRPs, except fibroblast-predominant decorin (DCN). Expression of lumican, versican, and biglycan also positively correlated with collagen 1α1/1α2 expression in PASMCs in patients with IPAH and PH-PF. We demonstrated that transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) regulates versican and biglycan expression, indicating their contribution to vessel fibrosis in IPAH and PF-PH. We furthermore show that certain circulating PG levels display a disease-dependent pattern, with increased decorin and lumican across all patient groups, while versican was elevated in PH-COPD and IPAH and biglycan reduced in IPAH. These findings suggest unique compartment-specific PG regulation in different forms of PH, indicating distinct pathological processes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) pulmonary arteries (PAs) displayed the greatest proteoglycan (PG) changes, with PH associated with pulmonary fibrosis (PH-PF) and PH associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (PH-COPD) following. Agrin, an endothelial cell-specific PG, was solely upregulated in IPAH. Among all cells, neo-intima-forming smooth muscle cells (SMCs) displayed the most significant PG increase. Increased levels of circulating decorin, lumican, and versican, mainly derived from SMCs, and adventitial fibroblasts, may serve as systemic indicators of pulmonary remodeling, reflecting perivascular fibrosis and neointima formation.
Patients receive anti-CTLA4 monoclonal antibody BMS-986218 IV over 30 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 28 days for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo SBRT on days 36-39 (days 8-11 of cycle 2).
The present invention describes an injectable calcium polyphosphate (CPP) gel with dense structure, which can be applied as injectable bone void filler in medical field, such as orthopedic and dental applications. Amorphous CPP powder with fine particle size (<75 pm) can be completely dissolved in water, forming a homogeneous gelation phase separated from water phase. This homogeneous CPP gel with disentangled inorganic polyphosphate chains shows viscoelasticity and superior adhesion to natural bone, metal implant surfaces and other ceramic material surfaces. The CPP gel is biomimetic and biodegradable with strong osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity. The manufacturing procedure is easy and reproducible. The mechanical strength of CPP gel is controllable by modifications, such as sintering, incorporation of other biomaterials, etc.
Distal radius fractures are common injuries, especially in the aging population. Fracture healing requires immobilization of the injury, which inevitably leads to muscle atrophy and joint stiffness. This strength lost during immobilization can be problematic in patients who are already de-conditioned at baseline. Previous research using healthy participants found that exercising a non-immobilized, "well", arm helped attenuate muscle atrophy in the contralateral immobilized arm. The study aims to answer the following questions: Does exercise of the contralateral arm prevent muscle atrophy and weakness of the injured arm? Does exercise of the contralateral arm improve pain scores in the injured arm
Skeletal muscle effects (e.g., myopathy and rhabdomyolysis): Risks increase when higher doses are used concomitantly with cyclosporine and strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., clarithromycin, itraconazole, HIV protease inhibitors). Predisposing factors include advanced age (> 65), uncontrolled hypothyroidism, and renal impairment. Rare cases of rhabdomyolysis with acute renal failure secondary to myoglobinuria have been reported. Advise patients to promptly report to their physician unexplained and/or persistent muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness. Atorvastatin calcium therapy should be discontinued if myopathy is diagnosed or suspected (5.1, 8.5).

Liver enzyme abnormalities: Persistent elevations in hepatic transaminases can occur. Check liver enzyme tests before initiating  
therapy and as clinically indicated thereafter (5.2).

A higher incidence of hemorrhagic stroke was seen in patients without CHD but with stroke or TIA within the previous 6 months  
in the atorvastatin calcium 80 mg group vs. placebo (5.5).
Patients receive pepinemab IV over 60 minutes on days 1 and 15. Treatment repeats every 28 days for 13 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
A brief, individualized, three-session teacher training that exists of two (bi)weekly individually tailored training sessions of 120 minutes, and a third session of 60 minutes. Teachers and children may receive practice as usual as well. The practice as usual may include any support or treatment as regularly provided by mental health care centers, schools, school collaborations and/or other organizations, except from pharmacological treatment for children's behavioral difficulties and/or behavioral teacher training/support. Practice as usual can also imply that there is no support or treatment.
Hypnosis is an ancient mind-body intervention that has regained interest with the surge of research in the last decade documenting its clinical validity. Yet, theoretical controversies and misconceptions prevail among theorists, clinicians, and the general public, impeding the understanding, acceptance, replication, and use of hypnosis. Providing adequate information, which dispels misconceptions and promotes more balanced views, is warranted to facilitate the implementation and adoption of hypnosis in clinical and research settings. This review re-examines the conceptualisation of hypnosis throughout history and the theoretical controversies surrounding it while highlighting their meeting points and clinical implications. Despite dichotomies, a broad agreement appears across theoretical approaches regarding hypnotic analgesia effects, key components, and vocabulary. Further, theories highlight key factors of hypnotic responding. For instance, social theories highlight social and contextual variables, whereas state theories highlight biopsychosocial mechanisms and individual factors. Based on theories, the terms hypnotherapy or clinical hypnosis are recommended to refer to the therapeutic use of hypnosis in psychotherapeutic and medical contexts, respectively. This review concludes with a model that integrates various theories and evidence and presents hypnosis as a complex multifaceted intervention encompassing multiple procedures, phenomena, and influencing factors. This review intends to deepen our understanding of hypnosis, and promote its more rapid adoption and adequate implementation in research and clinical contexts, in addition to steering research towards evidence-based hypnotic practice. The review can have important research and clinical implications by contributing to advancing knowledge regarding hypnotic procedures, phenomena, and influencing factors.
Large clinical trials have shown a reduced incidence of type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women randomized to estrogen-based hormone therapy compared to placebo. Moreover, studies suggest development of diabetes is reduced in postmenopausal women who used hormone therapy for a part of the postmenopausal period compared to women who never used hormone therapy. Consistent with this, our preliminary data suggest that the timing of estrogen treatment relative to the menopause may be an important determinant of whether there are favorable effects on insulin action. Our observations suggest that estrogen improves insulin sensitivity in early postmenopausal women, but may decrease insulin sensitivity in those more than 10 years past menopause. More and more studies suggest estrogens have divergent effects on cardiovascular risk when initiated close to the onset of menopause rather than distant from the menopause; we hypothesize this is also true for diabetes risk. The goal of this study is to determine whether the effects of estrogen on insulin metabolism are different in women who are early postmenopausal compared to late postmenopausal. To meet our goal, we propose to measure insulin sensitivity in women who are within 6 years of the onset of menopause or more than 10 years beyond the menopause and who have not used hormone therapy previously. All women will be studied on two separate occasions, one day with and one day without short-term (1 week) treatment with transdermal estradiol. We expect that estradiol will increase insulin sensitivity in early postmenopausal women and decrease insulin sensitivity in late postmenopausal women. We also expect that estrogen receptors in fat and muscle may change with increasing time after menopause. Thus, we will collect fat and muscle biopsies to compare changes in estrogen receptors between early and late postmenopausal women and in response to 1 week of estradiol treatment. We believe these studies will provide evidence for a benefit of estradiol on insulin sensitivity when administered early, but not late, after menopause; likely contributing to delayed onset of type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women.
The Pacific islands and Island Southeast Asia have experienced multiple waves of human migrations, providing a case study for exploring the potential of ancient microbiomes to study human migration. We perform a metagenomic study of archaeological dental calculus from 102 individuals, originating from 10 Pacific islands and 1 island in Island Southeast Asia spanning ~3000 years. Oral microbiome DNA preservation in calculus is far higher than that of human DNA in archaeological bone, and comparable to that of calculus from temperate regions. Oral microbial community composition is minimally driven by time period and geography in Pacific and Island Southeast Asia calculus, but is found to be distinctive compared to calculus from Europe, Africa, and Asia. Phylogenies of individual bacterial species in Pacific and Island Southeast Asia calculus reflect geography. Archaeological dental calculus shows good preservation in tropical regions and the potential to yield information about past human migrations, complementing studies of the human genome.
BACKGROUND: The major problem associated with the benign but destructive growing pterygium is the high recurrence rate. A new surgical technique to lower recurrence rates is minor ipsilateral simple limbal epithelial transplantation (mini-SLET), where the regeneration potential of limbal stem cells is used in combination with amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) for surgical reconstruction. The aim of this study is to assess the surgical outcome of the mini-SLET technique with tenonectomy, mitomycin C, and AMT as used in the authors' hospital.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 16 eyes from 15 patients undergoing mini-SLET after surgical pterygium removal with tenonectomy, mitomycin C, and AMT were analyzed retrospectively. Two different groups of pterygia were enrolled: group 1 included recurrent pterygia (n = 10) and group 2 comprised primary large pterygia such as double-head pterygia (n = 6). In addition to assessment of best corrected visual acuity and compete ophthalmological examination, preoperative slip-lamp examination with photo documentation served to calculate the corneal size of the pterygium head using VISUPAC software (Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). Postoperatively, best corrected visual acuity and slit-lamp examination were routinely evaluated. The surgical outcome was defined by the postoperatively achieved best corrected visual acuity, restoration of the ocular surface, recurrence rate, and rate of postoperative complications.
RESULTS: Median follow-up in all patients was 27 months; in groups 1 and 2 it was 30.7 and 25.3 months, respectively. No recurrence developed in 15 eyes (93.75%). Only one group 1 patient (6.25%) suffered a recurrent lesion after 10 months. Postoperatively, logMAR visual acuity did not change significantly. During follow-up, complications were limited to one case of early wound dehiscence.
CONCLUSION: Mini-SLET in combination with tenonectomy, mitomycin C, and AMT enables good surgical reconstruction of the ocular surface, and almost complete healing in the sense of restitutio ad integrum is possible. The results of the present study have shown the technique's effectiveness for recurrence prevention.