anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A major depressive episode may be the initial presentation of Bipolar Disorder. It is generally believed (though not established in controlled trials) that treating such an episode with an antidepressant alone may increase the likelihood of precipitation of a manic episode in patients at risk for Bipolar Disorder. Whether any of the symptoms described for clinical worsening and suicide risk represent such a conversion is unknown . However, prior to initiating treatment with an antidepressant, patients with depressive symptoms should be adequately screened to determine if they are at risk for Bipolar Disorder; such screening should include a detailed psychiatric history, including a family history of suicide, Bipolar Disorder, and depression. It should be noted that olanzapine and fluoxetine capsules are approved for the acute treatment of depressive episodes associated with Bipolar I Disorder. 

In the 3 controlled bipolar depression studies (2 in adults and 1 in children and adolescents [10 to 17 years of age]) there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of manic reactions (manic reaction or manic depressive reaction) between olanzapine and fluoxetine capsule- and placebo-treated patients. In 1 adult study, the incidence of manic reactions was (7% [3/43]) in olanzapine and fluoxetine capsule-treated patients compared to (3% [5/184]) in placebo-treated patients. In the other adult study, the incidence of manic reactions was (2% [1/43]) in olanzapine and fluoxetine capsule-treated patients compared to (8% [15/193]) in placebo-treated patients. In a single, 8 week, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial investigating olanzapine and fluoxetine capsules for the treatment of bipolar I depression in patients 10 to 17 years of age, the incidence of manic reactions was (1% [2/170]) in olanzapine and fluoxetine capsule-treated patients compared to (0% [0/84]) in placebo-treated patients. Because of the cyclical nature of Bipolar I Disorder, patients should be monitored closely for the development of symptoms of mania/hypomania during treatment with olanzapine and fluoxetine capsules.
Different interventions have been evaluated for the treatment of depression in heart failure (HF) patients. However, clear and established recommendations are lacking. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT) evaluating the effect of various treatment options on depression scores in heart failure patients. The primary outcome was a change in depression scores presented as standardized mean difference (SMD). A Bayesian network for meta-analysis was constructed. Twenty-five RCTs were included, randomizing 6014 patients with confirmed heart failure and depression between 2003 and 2022. Compared to treatment as usual (TAU), only cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) (SMD - 0.60, CI95% [- 1.0, - 0.17]) leads to a significant reduction in depression scores. Other interventions did not improve depression scores significantly. Our results show that for patients with HF and depression, CBT can significantly improve measures of depression, being the most efficacious treatment.
We report a case of retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) in which the addition of a hand port was necessary and effective. A 52-year-old man with obesity (BMI 40.6 kg/m2) was diagnosed with a 52-mm left renal cell carcinoma (cT1bN0M0). To avoid thick subcutaneous and visceral fat in the abdomen, we selected LRN using a retroperitoneal approach with four ports in the kidney position. During surgery, a large amount of flank pad and perirenal fat prevented us from securing a sufficient surgical field through traction of the kidney with a retractor. A pure laparoscopic procedure was not feasible;therefore, we added a hand port. Subsequently, we removed the flank pad from the hand port and secured the surgical field by tracing the kidney manually. Finally, hand-assisted LRN was completed without an open conversion. In retroperitoneal LRN, we rarely encounter patients for whom a pure laparoscopic procedure is not feasible because of the large amount of flank pad or perirenal fat. It is important to preoperatively confirm not only the BMI but also the amount of flank pad and perirenal fat on imaging. Hand-assisted LRN via the retroperitoneal approach can be safely performed even in extremely obese patients. J. Med. Invest. 71 : 187-190, February, 2024.
This is a prospective case-control study in which the patients' genotype will be studied against the genotype of the controls. The study is prospective and not retrospective, as data will be collected from patients with primary knee osteoarthritis as well as the control group from the outset. The study intends to include 200 people. The first group consists of 100 individuals suffering from knee osteoarthritis, while the second group will include 100 healthy controls without osteoarthritis. From each one DNA will be isolated and analyzed from collected blood. The prospective study allows valid data to be collected on patient demographics and disease severity. Due to the large number of cases of the disease, it is estimated that the necessary specimens will be collected within a reasonable time from the beginning of this thesis. The choice of the patient-control study is necessary to limit the influence of confounding factors (age, gender, obesity, etc.). This type of study includes rigorous selection of patients and controls with specific entry and exclusion criteria, selection of controls based on matching patient characteristics, stratification, and subgroup analyzes. The final result will be a comparison of the incidence of specific gene polymorphisms between patients with knee osteoarthritis and the normal population.
Participants randomized to the SOT group will receive usual out-patient rehabilitation services, with slight modifications. Specifically, a research assistant will administer the COPM to assist participants to self-select 4 personally meaningful skills. The treating SOT occupational therapists will be asked to log the activities completed in each session, and the amount of time spent in therapy.
Over the 16-week study, each participant moved through four, 4-week treatment periods: a Placebo (PBO) lead-in, acclimation period followed by three, crossover Methylphenidate (MPH) vs PBO "blocks". Each "block" consisted of treatment with MPH for two-weeks and treatment with PBO for two-weeks; each block order will be randomly assigned. In this group, participants first received PBO for 2 weeks, then MPH for 2 weeks, then MPH for 2 weeks, then Placebo for 2 weeks, then MPH for 2 weeks, then PBO for 2 weeks.
This research study involves implementing and evaluating a physical training program specifically designed to reduce the risk of ligamentous knee injuries in female soccer players by incorporating proven neuromuscular and proprioceptive training concepts into a concise, on-field warm-up activity. All 283 Division I NCAA women's soccer teams were asked to participate in this research study. Those that agreed were randomized to control (usual training program) and intervention (alternative warm-up program). Both groups of teams provided investigators with participation and knee injury information during the 15 week 2002 fall soccer season. Requested information included only that which would be readily available to the certified athletic trainers (ATC) in their normal course of duties. The knee injury rates among intervention team athletes were compared with control team athletes to determine program effectiveness. Data collection is complete and the report should be submitted shortly for publication.
Monotherapy — Oral olanzapine is indicated for the acute treatment of manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder and maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder. Efficacy was established in three clinical trials in adult patients with manic or mixed episodes of bipolar I disorder: two 3- to 4-week trials and one monotherapy maintenance trial. In adolescent patients with manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder (ages 13 to 17), efficacy was established in one 3-week trial [see Clinical Studies (14.2)]. 

When deciding among the alternative treatments available for adolescents, clinicians should consider the increased potential (in adolescents as compared with adults) for weight gain and dyslipidemia. Clinicians should consider the potential long-term risks when prescribing to adolescents, and in many cases this may lead them to consider prescribing other drugs first in adolescents [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]. 

Adjunctive Therapy to Lithium or Valproate — Oral olanzapine is indicated for the treatment of manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder as an adjunct to lithium or valproate. Efficacy was established in two 6-week clinical trials in adults. The effectiveness of adjunctive therapy for longer-term use has not been systematically evaluated in controlled trials [see Clinical Studies (14.2)].
The placebo group will use a rigid patellar taping (G2, n = 22), but without no correction of lateralization of the patella and/or stabilization of the knee. The taping will be placed incorrectly such as in the vertical position of knee and without any tension or traction around structures and patella.
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical nanomaterials, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a spleen-targeted nano-drug carrying glabridin. According to the invention, a double-emulsification preparation method is utilized to encapsulate the hydrophobic glabridin in the inner core of the hydrophilic nano-drug with the three-layer structure of core-shell-crown, so that the water solubility of the glabridin is effectively increased. The distribution of the nano-drug in the body is observed by using the PET-CT technology, and the following steps are found: the nano medicine carrying glabridin can selectively gather in spleen, and mononuclear +. Phagocytic properties of cells, glycyrrhiza glabra can be selectively delivered to spleen mononucleosis +. Cells and effectively inhibit mononucleosis +. Cells are polarized under oxidative stress to M1 type macrophages.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the urological patients in the need of a surgical intervention have been screened on the basis of the underline conditions, the priority of surgery, and risk-benefit assessment. A pre-surgical work-out was performed in the selected patients, with some of them being detected of COVID-19 at RT-PCR or suspected for it according to the risk-assessment survey. Enhanced blood tests and X-rays of the thorax were performed as baseline assessments. In case of development of post-surgical unspecific symptoms, clinical and laboratory work-out were performed before to expedite a new RT-PCR, which would have required preventive isolation of a patient in a COVID-19 ward. We evaluated the impact of COVID-19 in this selected cohort and the complications eventually associated with the viral infection.
The study lasted for 5 weeks (1 month 7 days). During the research process, we monitor closely, especially the training schedule, implementation, and evaluation, directly and indirectly. Directly assisting participants to do endurance training activities, not directly monitoring via telephone or WhatsApp.
Hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, have been reported in granisetron-treated patients who have exhibited hypersensitivity to other 5-HT3 receptor antagonists [see Contraindications (4)]. Avoid SUSTOL in patients who have had hypersensitivity reactions to other 5-HT3 receptor antagonists [see Contraindications (4)].

Due to the extended-release properties of the SUSTOL polymer formulation, exposure to granisetron may continue for 5 to 7 days following administration. Hypersensitivity reactions may occur up to 7 days or longer following SUSTOL administration and may have an extended course. Inform patients of the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis, and instruct them to seek immediate medical care should signs and symptoms occur. If hypersensitivity reactions occur, administer appropriate treatment and monitor patients until signs and symptoms resolve.
BACKGROUND: The onset of proteinuria in renal allograft recipients is frequently associated with an increased risk for both graft failure and mortality. We investigated the risk associated with post-transplant proteinuria and its time-dynamics in a select group treated for biopsy proven antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR).
METHODS: Eighty-five patients who underwent transplantation were enrolled in our study and followed up from transplantation until October 31, 2020, death, or the date of the return to dialysis. We created two main groups: the ABMR group (n = 19) and an ABMR-negative control group with stable kidney function (n = 52) without donor-specific antibodies (DSA) and a subgroup with DSAs but stable graft function (n = 14) without ABMR. Differences in patient, donor, and transplant graft characteristics between the groups were assessed by Fisher's exact test for categorical variables. Death-censored graft loss was evaluated with the help of Kaplan-Meier analysis using log risk statistics.
RESULTS: Proteinuria decreased after treatment in the ABMR group (P < .0009). Pre-treatment every 10 mg/mmol increase in proteinuria was associated with a 7% increase in the risk for graft failure in the ABMR group. The estimated 3-year graft survival was 87.5% in the ABMR group, compared to 93% in the group without ABMR but with pre-formed DSA, and 100% in the DSA negative subgroup (log-rank probe P < .0666).
CONCLUSION: Proteinuria is an independent predictor for graft failure, can be lowered by treatment for ABMR but ABMR is associated with lower graft survival in our study population.
BACKGROUND: Orbital floor fractures result in critical changes in the shape and inferior rectus muscle (IRM) position. Radiological imaging of IRM changes can be used for surgical decision making or prediction of ocular symptoms. Studies with a systematic consideration of the orbital floor defect ratio in this context are missing in the literature. Accordingly, this study on human cadavers aimed to systematically investigate the impact of the orbital floor defect ratio on changes in the IRM and the prediction of posttraumatic enophthalmos.
METHODS: Seventy-two orbital floor defects were placed in cadaver specimens using piezosurgical removal. The orbital defect area (ODA), orbital floor area (OFA), position and IRM shape, and enophthalmos were measured using computed tomography (CT) scans.
RESULTS: The ODA/OFA ratio correlated significantly (p < 0.001) with the shape (Spearman's rho: 0.558) and position (Spearman's rho: 0.511) of the IRM, and with enophthalmos (Spearman's rho: 0.673). Increases in the ODA/OFA ratio significantly rounded the shape of the IRM (ß: 0.667; p < 0.001) and made a lower position of the IRM more likely (OR: 1.093; p = 0.003). In addition, increases in the ODA/OFA ratio were significantly associated with the development of relevant enophthalmos (OR: 1.159; p = 0.008), adjusted for the defect localization and shape of the IRM. According to receiver operating characteristics analysis (AUC: 0.876; p < 0.001), a threshold of ODA/OFA ratio ≥ 32.691 for prediction of the risk of development of enophthalmos yielded a sensitivity of 0.809 and a specificity of 0.842.
CONCLUSION: The ODA/OFA ratio is a relevant parameter in the radiological evaluation of orbital floor fractures, as it increases the risk of relevant enophthalmos, regardless of fracture localization and shape of the IRM. Therefore, changes in the shape and position of the IRM should be considered in surgical treatment planning. A better understanding of the correlates of isolated orbital floor fractures may help to develop diagnostic scores and standardize therapeutic algorithms in the future.
This study aimed to elucidate the role and underlying mechanisms of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and its m6A methylation in renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and ferroptosis of tubular epithelial cells (TECs). High-throughput transcriptome sequencing was performed on renal tissue samples from I/R injury models and sham-operated mice, complemented by in vivo and in vitro experiments focusing on the PPARγ activator Rosiglitazone and the manipulation of METTL14 and IGF2BP2 expression. Key evaluations included renal injury assessment, ferroptosis indicator measurement, and m6A methylation analysis of PPARγ. Our findings highlight the critical role of the PPARγ pathway and ferroptosis in renal I/R injury, with Rosiglitazone ameliorating renal damage and TEC ferroptosis. METTL14-mediated m6A methylation of PPARγ, dependent on IGF2BP2, emerged as a pivotal regulator of PPARγ expression, renal injury, and ferroptosis. This study reveals that PPARγ m6A methylation, orchestrated by METTL14 through an IGF2BP2-dependent mechanism, plays a crucial role in mitigating renal I/R injury and TEC ferroptosis. These insights offer promising avenues for therapeutic strategies targeting acute kidney injury.
New American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines were published in 2021 for the evaluation and management of well-appearing febrile infants from age 8 to 60 days. This first guideline of its kind from the AAP brings together increasing evidence from the last 20 years and replaces the varied protocols previously used (eg, Rochester, Philadelphia, Boston). The guideline also incorporates lessons from newer studies, such as the work of the Febrile Infant Working Group of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network. This article will explain the motivation for the guideline, summarize its recommendations, and fill in some details about how to evaluate and manage infants that fall out of the guideline's scope of the well-appearing febrile infant age 8 to 60 days (ill-appearing infants and early-onset infections in newborns younger than age 8 days). [Pediatr Ann. 2024;53(9):e314-e319.].
BACKGROUND/AIM: In rectal cancer surgery, anastomotic leakage (AL) is the most important complication and has a reported frequency of 11-15%. The causes of AL leakage are complex, and AL prevention should be performed in multiple directions. Thus, this study examined the usefulness of the comprehensive and multifaceted AL preventive measures.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: In total, 164 rectal surgery patients who had low rectal staple anastomosis below the peritoneal reflection were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups: (i) the multifaceted AL prevention group (MP group, n=34) and (ii) the insufficient AL prevention group (IP group, n=130). Multifaceted AL prevention was defined as intestinal blood flow evaluated via indocyanine green (ICG)-fluorescence imaging (FI), the use of a single-staple technique (SST) without intersecting stapling lines or "dog ears", the use of transanal suture reinforcement according to the air leakage test, and the use of a transanal tube for anatomical decompression and a diverting stoma for diverting the fecal stream. The AL rates were retrospectively compared between the two groups. The data are expressed as the median and interquartile range.
RESULTS: The rate of AL was significantly lower in the MP group (0%) than in the IP group (11.54%) (p=0.0423).
CONCLUSION: Multifaceted AL prevention, including ICG-FI and SST, achieved a zero incidence of AL. Multifaceted prevention significantly lessened AL more than inadequate prevention did. Therefore, if the weight of each preventive measure cannot be clearly identified, to avoid AL, it is important to take all preventive measures from multiple aspects.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of chronic health disorders prevalent worldwide that claim millions of lives yearly. Inflammation and oxidative stress are intricately associated with myocardial tissue damage, endothelial dysfunction, and increased odds of heart failure. Thus, dietary strategies aimed at decreasing the odds of CVDs are paramount. In this regard, the consumption of anthocyanins, natural pigments found in edible flowers, fruits, and vegetables, has attracted attention due to their potential to promote cardiovascular health. The main mechanisms of action linked with their protective effects on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, serum lipid profile modulation, and other cardiovascular health parameters are explained and exemplified. However, little is known about the dose-dependency nature of the effects, which anthocyanin has better efficiency, and whether anthocyanin-containing foods display better in vivo efficacy than nutraceuticals (i.e., concentrated extracts containing higher levels of anthocyanins than foods). Thus, this systematic review focused on determining the effects of anthocyanin-containing foods and nutraceuticals on biomarkers associated with CVDs using animal studies and human interventions supported by in vitro mechanistic insights. Overall, the results showed that the regular consumption of anthocyanin-containing foods and nutraceuticals improved vascular function, lipid profile, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The daily dosage, the participants' health status, and the duration of the intervention also significantly influenced the results.
Methods : ICAME is a multicentric, blinded prospective randomized controlled trial. 710 patients originated from 10 centers will be included over a period of 12 months and follow-up for 24 months. All patients have an external evaluation at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. They were randomized into the usual treatment group (unknown sST2 level) or the interventional treatment group, for whom sST2 level was known at all external consultation and used to guide the treatment. The primary endpoint was the QALY (Quality Adjusted Life Years). The secondary endpoints were the Cost-efficacy ratio, Cost to avoid an hospitalization for heart failure, the readmission rate for any cause at 1 month and at two years, and the evolution of cardiac remodelling determined by the collagene biomarkers.
Psychoses are among the most common and serious psychiatric disorders. Currently, the most effective treatment for psychoses involves the use of antipsychotic or neuroleptic medications. Unfortunately, pharmacologic regimens often do not achieve their goals because of poor medication adherence. Nonadherence to antipsychotic treatment is a considerable public health problem that leads to myriad clinical and economic burdens, including psychotic relapse, increased clinic and emergency room visits, and rehospitalization.

Participants in this study are randomly assigned to receive either MAT or supportive treatment for 12 weeks. MAT is given in 15 sessions and consists of motivational interviewing, education, and social skills and behavior modification. Individual MAT sessions are held in Weeks 1 and 12; small group sessions take place in Weeks 2 through 11. Three monthly booster group sessions begin in Week 16. Participants are assessed at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months. Medication adherence, psychopathology, quality of life, medication side effects, health beliefs, and functioning are assessed.