anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective neurosurgical approach for treating motor disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD), Essential Tremor (ET), and dystonia. Its therapeutic benefit has led to the application of DBS to a wide spectrum of disorders including psychiatric conditions, epilepsy, Alzeimer's disease, headache, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), Tourette syndrome, depression and intractable pain. However, because the nature of its underlying mechanisms and clinical effects are not fully understood, precision targeting, decreasing adverse effects, and improving clinical outcomes represent major clinical and scientific challenges in PD and other disorders treated by DBS. Our goal is to investigate the inter-relationships between site-specific neural activation and clinical outcomes during DBS. To do so, we will perform non-invasive functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to investigate DBS-mediated activation of neural network circuitry. Our proposed protocol involves the addition of intraoperative fMRI to the standard DBS or battery change protocol in order to determine the major sites of activation during application of clinically effective DBS to the subthalamic nucleus (STN), ventral intermediate thalamus (VIM), globus pallidus interna (GPi), fornix, nucleus accumbens (NAc), anterior thalamus and periaqueductal gray matter. Patients will undergo clinical assessment to determine the relative efficacy of DBS stimulation parameters, applied during the fMRI and at regularly scheduled post-operative programming visits up to 6 months of follow-up. Our Specific Aims are to: (1) Identify fMRI-activated brain regions by DBS in patients who undergo DBS surgery (Patients diagnosed with PD, ET, dystonia, OCD, depression, pain, Tourette's syndrome, and epilepsy. (2) Correlate fMRI activation with clinical outcomes and side effects. With the goal of improving DBS electrode targeting for optimal and reproducible clinical outcomes, these experiments will be the first attempt to relate site-specific DBS with functional in vivo imaging data and quantitative longitudinal clinical outcome measures in DBS patients.
BACKGROUND: There is no certain validated electroencephalographic (EEG) parameters for outcome prediction in children with self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. To assess the effectiveness of antiseizure medication (ASM) for seizure outcome with respect to the spike-wave index (SWI) on serial EEG recordings.
METHODS: In this multicenter study, the study cohort consisted of 604 children with self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. A data set of epilepsy centers follow-up between 2010 and 2022. The cohort was divided into 4 groups as those receiving 3 different monotherapy (carbamazepine [CBZ]/valproic acid [VPA]/levetiracetam [LEV]) and dual therapy. SWI analysis was performed with the percent of spikes in the 2-minute epoch in the 5th 6th minutes of the nonrapid eye movement sleep EEG record. The study group were also categorized according to seizure burden with seizure frequency (I) >2 seizures and (II) >5 seizures. Seizure outcome was evaluated based on the reduction in seizure frequency over 6-month periods: (1) 50% reduction and (2) seizure-free (complete response).
RESULTS: ASM monotherapy was achieved in 74.5% children with VPA, CBZ, and LEV with similar rates of 85.8%, 85.7%, and 77.9%. Dual therapy was need in the 25.5% of children with SeLECT. More dual therapy was administered in children aged below 5 years with a rate of 46.2%. Earlier seizure-free achievement time was seen in children with LEV monotherapy with more complete-response rate (86.7%) compared the VPA and CBZ.
CONCLUSIONS: We also determined that the children on dual therapy had more SWI clearance in the subsequent EEG recordings. The ROC curve analyses were performed to predict initial drug selection with using the SWI% might be used for the prediction of ASM type and drug selection in children.
AIMS: The purpose of this study was to explore the impacts of salidroside on vascular regeneration, vascular structural changes and long-term neurological recuperation following cerebral ischemia and its possible mechanism.
MAIN METHODS: From Day 1 to Day 28, young male mice with middle cerebral artery blockage received daily doses of salidroside and measured neurological deficits. On the 7th day after stroke, the volume of cerebral infarction was determined using TTC and HE staining. Microvascular density, astrocyte coverage, angiogenesis and the expression of the Shh signaling pathway were detected by IF, qRTPCR and WB at 7, 14 and 28 days after stroke. Changes in blood flow, blood vessel density and diameter from stroke to 28 days were measured by the LSCI and TPMI.
KEY FINDINGS: Compared with the dMACO group, the salidroside treatment group significantly promoted the recovery of neurological function. Salidroside was found to enhance cerebral blood flow perfusion and reduce the infarct on the 7th day after stroke. From the 7th to the 28th day after stroke, salidroside treatment boosted the expression of CD31, CD31+/BrdU+, and GFAP in the cortex around the infarction site. On the 14th day after stroke, salidroside significantly enhanced the width and density of blood vessels. Salidroside increased the expression of histones and genes in the Shh signaling pathway during treatment, and this effect was weakened by the Shh inhibitor Cyclopamine.
SIGNIFICANCE: Salidroside can restore nerve function, improve cerebral blood flow, reduce cerebral infarction volume, increase microvessel density and promote angiogenesis via the Shh signaling pathway.
For the treatment arm, girls will participate in the Body Project for about 30 minutes, then will be given about a 30 minute self-compassion-based nutrition education lesson. The nutrition topics will cover the basic biochemistry of nutrition, nutrition needs for teenage girls, and ways to find balance in eating, framed in the constructs of self-compassion. The three self-compassion constructs will be targeted in the following ways: (1) Mindfulness will involve bringing awareness to feelings and emotions about a time during the week where participants ate a food lower in nutritional value. (2) Common Humanity involves finding ways in which their experience connects to others and acknowledging that being human comes with imperfections. (3) Self-Kindness will involve having girls speak kind and understanding words to themselves as it relates to their eating-related downfall of the week.
SHAKE WELL IMMEDIATELY BEFORE USING.

For children (age 1 year and older) and adults, 3 drops of the suspension should be instilled into the affected ear twice daily for seven days. The suspension should be warmed by holding the bottle in the hand for 1-2 minutes to avoid the dizziness which may result from the instillation of a cold solution into the ear canal. The patient should lie with the affected ear upward and then the drops should be instilled. This position should be maintained for 30-60 seconds to facilitate penetration of the drops into the ear. Repeat, if necessary, for the opposite ear. Discard unused portion after therapy is completed.
This study explored the experiences and needs of adolescents, ranging from 12 to 18 years old, who have recently been diagnosed with cancer and participated in a nationwide germline genetic sequencing study within the context of pediatric oncology. The 21 adolescents in this qualitative interview study viewed genetic sequencing as an integral part of their cancer journey. They often characterized germline sequencing as "good-to-know" without specifying immediate utility. While the adolescents comprehended the significance of germline genetic sequencing, they were less focused on its potential long-term implications. Adolescents expressed a strong desire to be actively engaged in decisions related to genetics. They advocated for a participatory role in genetic decision-making from a young age onwards. They recommended that re-consent should be sought before re-analysis of their genetic data is performed and believe that patients should have the opportunity to provide (re-)consent once they reach adulthood. Moreover, the adolescents emphasized the importance of developing counseling materials that are not only concise but also visually attractive. In conclusion, this study underscores the positive perception that adolescents diagnosed with cancer hold regarding germline genetic sequencing. They articulate a strong interest in being actively involved in genetic decision-making. To address these articulated needs and preferences, we recommend the development of visually engaging counseling materials. These materials should effectively convey both the immediate and long-term implications of genetic sequencing, enabling adolescents with cancer to make informed decisions about genetic sequencing.
To maximize the surgical visual field, Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RLRP) usually requires the patient to be positioned in a steep trendelenburg position in combination with prolonged intraperitoneal carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation and increased intrabdominal pressure. Insufflations of CO2 during laparoscopic surgery, which causes stretch and irritation of the peritoneum, is known to play an important role in postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). In addition, prolonged pneumoperitoneum increases the risk for PONV. PONV can cause patient discomfort and prolong post anaesthesia care unit (PACU) stay. In addition, the patient with PONV is also predisposed to severe complications such as aspiration pneumonia, increased wound dehiscence, delayed recovery, prolonged hospital stay, and eventually increased medical cost. Therefore, as RLRP itself can be an important risk factor of PONV, the anaesthesiologist should give attention to prevent PONV in this patient group, although they usually have lower risk in terms of patient-related factors. Previously published studies have recommended antiemetic prophylaxis for the patients with moderate-to-high risk of PONV. However, despite routine use of prophylactic antiemetics, laparoscopic surgery has been associated with higher incidence of PONV.Previous clinical studies suggested that total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) with propofol reduced PONV significantly compared to inhaled anaesthetics. Also, several studies have recommended TIVA with propofol as the anaesthetic method in patients with high risk of PONV. However none of these studies were designed and powered to detect differences in PONV in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery, especially RLRP.
The HER2 (or c-erbB2) proto-oncogene encodes a transmembrane receptor protein of 185 kDa, which is structurally related to the epidermal growth factor receptor. Trastuzumab has been shown, in both in vitro assays and in animals, to inhibit the proliferation of human tumor cells that overexpress HER2.

Trastuzumab is a mediator of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). In vitro, trastuzumab-mediated ADCC has been shown to be preferentially exerted on HER2 overexpressing cancer cells compared with cancer cells that do not overexpress HER2.

Hyaluronan is a polysaccharide found in the extracellular matrix of the subcutaneous tissue. It is depolymerized by the naturally occurring enzyme hyaluronidase. Unlike the stable structural components of the interstitial matrix, hyaluronan has a half-life of approximately 0.5 days. Hyaluronidase increases permeability of the subcutaneous tissue by depolymerizing hyaluronan. In the doses administered, hyaluronidase in HERCEPTIN HYLECTA acts transiently and locally.

The effects of hyaluronidase are reversible and permeability of the subcutaneous tissue is restored within 24 to 48 hours.

Hyaluronidase has been shown to increase the absorption rate of a trastuzumab product into the systemic circulation when given in the subcutis of Göttingen Minipigs.
Naproxen sodium is a propionic acid derivative with analgesic, antipyretic, and antiinflammatory properties. Its mechanism of action relies on the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, and significant pain relief and plasma levels can be obtained within 20 minutes following intake. The elimination half-life of naproxen sodium is reportedly around 14 hours, and naproxen sodium is used in doses ranging from 275 to 550 mg in surgical procedures. Codeine phosphate is an opioid analgesic which has similar applications to those of morphine. However, it is significantly less potent as an analgesic and has only mild sedative effects. The drug's principal site of action is at the µ-opioid receptors (MOR) which are distributed in the central nervous system. Peak effect is reached within 2 hours and analgesic action continues for approximately 4 hours. Naproxen sodium (550 mg)+codeine phosphate (30 mg) was used twice daily in this study.
After a two-week run-in phase, the participants (N=20) were randomly assigned to the control group. For 6 weeks, the volunteers did not receive any product. After the initial six-week run-in phase, there was a two-week washout period, followed by a second six-week period in which participants were switched to the Soffritto group (100g/day).
Head and neck cancer is the seventh leading cancer diagnosis worldwide. One of the most common cancers in the head and neck region is laryngeal cancer. In past years, the incidence of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma has risen by 23%, and despite progress in treatment modalities, the survival rate has not changed. It is well known that genetic alterations may contribute to individuals' susceptibility to cancer. Research of genetic alterations, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms, is essential to understanding carcinogenesis and susceptibility of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. A total of 200 LSCC patients and 200 controls were included in this retrospective case-control study; both groups were matched by age and sex. In the present study, we analyzed six SNPs in genes essential for apoptosis regulation: TP53 (rs9895829, rs17884306), BCL2 (rs1564483, rs4987855), BAX (rs704243), NOXA (PMAIP1) (rs1041978, rs78800940). We evaluated their associations with the risk of LSCC development, its pathomorphological manifestation, and patients' overall survival rate. Genotyping was carried out using RT-PCR. The AG genotype of rs9895829 was more prevalent in controls than in cancer patients, leading to lower susceptibility to LSCC (OR = 0.301; 95%CI 0.096-0.940; p = 0.039). None of the analyzed SNPs showed an association with pathomorphological features of LSCC, but NOXA rs1041978 T allele carriers were found to be diagnosed with LSCC at an older age (OR = 1.962; 95%CI 1.072-3.592; p = 0.031). There was no statistically significant association between investigated SNPs and patient OS. The present study indicates that the AG genotype of rs9895829 provides a protective effect against LSCC development.
The present invention provides an adhesive patch. The patch includes a flexible backing having a front side and a back side. A therapeutic formulation is positioned on at least a portion of the front side of the backing, in at least a portion of the front side of the backing, or on and in at least a portion of the front side of the backing.  The therapeutic formulation includes a medicament useful for treating a condition associated with an insect bite, a rash, a skin irritation, poison ivy, poison oak, an inflammatory skin condition, or poison sumac; and a pressure sensitive adhesive.  The present invention also provides a method for treating a condition associated with an insect bite, a rash, a skin irritation, poison ivy, poison oak, an inflammatory skin condition, or poison sumac on a skin surface of a patient. The method includes applying to the skin surface of the patient in need of such treatment an adhesive patch of the present invention.  The adhesive patch effectively treats a condition associated with the insect bite, the rash, the skin irritation, the poison ivy, the poison oak, the inflammatory skin condition, or the poison sumac.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an oral liquid preparation capable of peculiarly decreasing astringency caused by aluminum hydroxide and exhibiting a masking effect for the astringency without deterioration with time by compounding a soda pop-based essence to a liquid compounded with aluminum hydroxide. SOLUTION: This oral liquid preparation is obtained by including (A) aluminum hydroxide (preferably originated from aluminum oxide) and (B) a soda pop-based essence. The oral solution also has preferably a pH of 6-9. The component B can be a citron soda pop-based or a champagne soda pop-based essence or the like and the champagne soda pop-based essence is especially preferable, e.g. a set in which (i) the citrus-based flavor component (e.g. lemon, lime, orange) is mainly included and (ii) furfural (iii) an allyl caproate (iv) catechin and the like are additionally contained is preferable. The blending ratio of the component B is preferably 0.0014-0.0035 pt.wt. based on one pt.wt. component A included in the oral solution.
Inflammation is the response of the human body to injury, infection, or other abnormal states, which is involved in the development of many diseases. As a member of the Krüppel-like transcription factors (KLFs) family, KLF4 plays a crucial regulatory role in physiological and pathological processes due to its unique dual domain of transcriptional activation and inhibition. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that KLF4 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease, osteoarthritis, renal inflammation, pneumonia, neuroinflammation, and so on. Consequently, KLF4 has emerged as a promising new therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases. This review systematically generalizes the molecular regulatory network, specific functions, and mechanisms of KLF4 to elucidate its complex roles in inflammatory diseases. An in-depth study on the biological function of KLF4 is anticipated to offer a novel research perspective and potential intervention strategies for inflammatory diseases.
A delayed release pharmaceutical prepn. (I) consists of an active ingredient with a first coating consisting of a material which softens or dissolves in water, and a second coating consisting of a microporous material which is not soluble in water, so that the first coating is several times thicker than the second coating. USE/ADVANTAGE - (I) achieves delayed release of the active ingredient in the gastrointestinal tract. Only a small amt. of additives are needed. (I) is also suitable for the smallest charges. The process avoids disadvantages of a previous process using formaldehyde as a hardener and in which hardening could not be controlled uniformly, sometimes resulting in whole capsules being completely insol.. Metabolically foreign additives are also avoided.
Epidemiological evidence suggests that human hookworm infection is associated with a reduced risk of asthma and allergic disease. This association is potentially important not only to understanding the aetiology of asthma and allergic disease, but also because it suggests that hookworms or their products might be therapeutically effective in these conditions. To test the hypothesis that hookworms protect against asthma ultimately requires a clinical trial.

We have carried out a dose-ranging study to establish the dose of hookworm larvae necessary to generate infection at the intensity shown to be protective in epidemiological studies, with acceptable side effects. We have also completed a randomized controlled clinical trial of hookworm infection in people with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and have shown that there is no significant change in airway responsiveness during the lung migration phase of the hookworm life cycle. We are now performing the definitive study which is a randomized placebo-controlled trial of the effects of therapeutic hookworm infection in people with asthma. During this study, we will be monitoring various indicators of asthma control but will also be able to measure a range of relevant immunological parameters to explore the relation between these parameters and expression of the allergic and asthmatic phenotypes
The research study is divided into two parts. The first part will be to determine the safety and tolerability of the study drug product. During this part of the study, there will be 4 groups of study patients. The first group of patients will receive a low dose of cells, the second group will receive the low dose of cells and lymphodepleting chemotherapy to reduce the number of T cells in the blood, the third group will receive a higher dose of cells, and the fourth group will receive the higher dose of cells and lymphodepleting chemotherapy to reduce the number of T cells in the blood. In the second part of the study, cells with or without chemotherapy will be administered based on results of Part 1 and the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of MT-101 will be assessed. All patient groups will receive 6 doses of drug product over 3 weeks.
Cardiac ultrasound (CUS), either focused cardiac ultrasound (FoCUS) or emergency echocardiography, is frequently used in cardiovascular (CV) emergencies. We assessed correlations and discrepancies between CUS, clinical diagnosis and the autopsy findings in early deceased patients with suspected CV emergencies. We retrospectively analysed clinical and autopsy data of 131 consecutive patients who died within 24 h of hospital admission. The type of CUS and its findings were analysed in relation to the clinical and autopsy diagnoses. CUS was performed in 58% of patients - FoCUS in 83%, emergency echocardiography in 12%, and both types of CUS in 5% of cases. CUS was performed more frequently in patients without a history of CV disease (64 vs. 40%, p = 0.08) and when the time between admission and death was longer (6 vs. 2 h, p = 0.021). In 7% of patients, CUS was inconclusive. In 10% of patients, the ante-mortem cause of death could not be determined, while discrepancies between the clinical and post-mortem diagnosis were found in 26% of cases. In the multivariate logistic regression model, only conclusive CUS [odds ratio (OR) 2.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.30-7.39, p = 0.044] and chest pain at presentation (OR 30.19, 95%CI 5.65 -161.22, p < 0.001) were independently associated with congruent clinical and autopsy diagnosis. In a tertiary university hospital, FoCUS was used more frequently than emergency echocardiography in critically ill patients with suspected cardiac emergencies. Chest pain at presentation and a conclusive CUS were associated with concordant clinical and autopsy diagnoses.
PURPOSE:To remove an anticomplementary substance from an immunoglobulin, by adding polypropylene glycol and an emulsifying agent to a solution containing the immunoglobulin and anticomplementary substance, agitating the resultant mixture, and separating the polypropylene glycol. CONSTITUTION:An emulsifying agent, e.g. a saccharide, such as glucose, galactose or mannose, and an amino acid, such as glycine, or a salt, e.g. NaCl, is added to a solution containing an immunoglobulin and anticomplementary substance, and polypropylene lycol having 2,000-10,000, preferably >=4,000, molecular weight in an amount to give 0.1-15% concentration after the addition thereof is added thereto and agitated. The polypropylene glycol is then separated to remove the anticomplementary substance from the immunoglobulin. Thus, the immunoglobulin can be obtained in a yield as high as >=80%. Preferably, the amount of the emulsifying agent to be added is 1.0-10g/dl for the saccharide and amino acid, and 0.9g/dl for the salt.