anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Salmonid species have followed markedly divergent evolutionary trajectories in their interactions with sea lice. While sea lice parasitism poses significant economic, environmental, and animal welfare challenges for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture, coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) exhibit near-complete resistance to sea lice, achieved through a potent epithelial hyperplasia response leading to rapid louse detachment. The molecular mechanisms underlying these divergent responses to sea lice are unknown.
RESULTS: We characterized the cellular and molecular responses of Atlantic salmon and coho salmon to sea lice using single-nuclei RNA sequencing. Juvenile fish were exposed to copepodid sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis), and lice-attached pelvic fin and skin samples were collected 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, 48 h, and 60 h after exposure, along with control samples. Comparative analysis of control and treatment samples revealed an immune and wound-healing response that was common to both species, but attenuated in Atlantic salmon, potentially reflecting greater sea louse immunomodulation. Our results revealed unique but complementary roles of three layers of keratinocytes in the epithelial hyperplasia response leading to rapid sea lice rejection in coho salmon. Our results suggest that basal keratinocytes direct the expansion and mobility of intermediate and, especially, superficial keratinocytes, which eventually encapsulate the parasite.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results highlight the key role of keratinocytes in coho salmon's sea lice resistance and the diverged biological response of the two salmonid host species when interacting with this parasite. This study has identified key pathways and candidate genes that could be manipulated using various biotechnological solutions to improve Atlantic salmon sea lice resistance.
The present invention relates to medicine for treating various kinds of gynecopathy and a preparation method thereof. The medicine is prepared by processing Chinese herbal medicine comprising saffron crocus, notoginseng, prepared Radix Angelicae Sinensis with yellow rice spirits, prepared Rhizoma Cyperi with vinegar, prepared rhizoma coridalis with vinegar, costus roots, raw peach seed, prepared Rhizoma Chuan Xiong with yellow rice spirits and stir-frying bupleurum root. The medicine has the main function for activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis, has the auxiliary functions for nourishing the blood and harmonizing the blood, and has the assistant functions for dispersing the stasis, dispelling the nodule, soothing the liver and regulating vital energy. The preparation method is formed by applying the Chinese medicine compounding modes of the sovereign medicine, the minister medicine, the adjuvant medicine and the envoy medicine. The medicine can adopt different medicinal ushers to treat different diseases with the same method according to different symptoms and different clinical situations of patients. The medicine is ideal medicine for treating various kinds of gynecopathy, particularly for treating dysmenorrhoea due to the qi stagnation and the blood stasis of females, and has the advantage of obvious effect. By the observation of clinical curative effects, the total effective rate of the medicine reaches 96%.
FIELD: medicine, gastroenterology, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to composition containing 10-20 wt.% of 45-55-% solution of lactulose and hydrolytic lignin with humidity 55-65%, the balance. Ready medicinal forms as wet powder, granulated wet powder and paste are prepared. Invention ensures to carry out prophylaxis and treatment of gastroenteric tract diseases including dysbacteriosis. EFFECT: improved method of preparing, valuable medicinal properties. 9 cl, 6 ex
We performed baseline FDG-PET/CT, another FDG-PET/CT after 2 months of TB treatment and a PET/CT at the end of treatment in 18 HIV/TB patients. We correlated evolution of FDG uptake with clinical evolution of patients.
A therapeutic preparation and article treated with tourmaline nano-particles and a method of manufacturing the same. The therapeutic preparation comprises a gel and tourmaline nano-particles held in suspension in said gel. The therapeutic article comprises a fabric and tourmaline particles attached to said fabric. In one embodiment, an adhesive containing tourmaline is applied to non-treated fabric to form the article. In another embodiment, the tourmaline is integral to the fabric. A method of manufacturing the therapeutic article comprises the steps of submerging a fabric in an aqueous solution comprising tourmaline nano-particles and drying said fabric.
Despite the tremendous advances that have been made in biomedical research, cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Several therapeutic approaches have been suggested and applied to treat cancer with impressive results. Immunotherapy based on targeting immune checkpoint signaling pathways proved to be one of the most efficient. In this review article, we will focus on the recently discovered TNFα-TNFR2 signaling pathway, which controls the immunological and pro-angiogenic properties of many immunoregulatory and pro-angiogenic cells such as endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Due to their biological properties, these cells can play a major role in cancer progression and metastasis. Therefore, we will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of an anti-TNFR2 treatment that could carry two faces under one hood. It interrupts the immunosuppressive and pro-angiogenic behaviors of the above-mentioned cells and interferes with tumor growth and survival.
Participants in Aim 2 will be asked to complete an initial 15-minute survey and 20-30 minute semi-structured interview. The purpose of this study is to learn the best ways to support healthful behaviors and weight loss prior to pregnancy. Researchers are also interested in what motivates or prevents women of reproductive age from engaging in a structured weight loss program.
Pakistan has the 4th highest burden of child mortality in the world with over 60% of all deaths due to infectious diseases, many of them vaccine-preventable. Vaccines are one of the best public health tools available to achieve the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) # 4 of decreasing child mortality. The immunization coverage in Pakistan is still well below the desired level, leading to continued polio transmission, large measles outbreaks and thousands of deaths from vaccine-preventable illnesses. Mobile phone use has seen a tremendous rise in Pakistan in this decade. There are greater than100 million mobile phones subscribers in Pakistan. Short message service (SMS) as a reminder tool can be extremely effective in health care settings at public health scale. Customized SMS messages can be designed as personally tailored messages with text and/or pictures, and used to remind and inquire parents regarding vaccination for their children according to the EPI schedule. A major advantage of SMS as a communication tool is that automated messages can be generated at specific times through computer programming, hence minimizing the need for valuable human resources. Messages are delivered directly with minimal intrusiveness, while maintaining privacy of the household members. Most importantly, the cost of sending automated SMS messages is extremely low, once the original infrastructure is established. We plan to test the effectiveness of reminders to parents/guardians on cell phones through short messaging system (SMS) in improving the on-time routine immunization for children in Pakistan. This study will be conducted in an urban- squatter settlement area, in Karachi where the Aga Khan University's Department of Paediatrics and Child Health is conducting an active demographic surveillance on maternal and child health. Our experimental plan has three components: First, we will conduct baseline survey of parents at our study sites to explore their preferences for text for immunization reminders. Simultaneously, we will develop a computerized application for reminders scheduling. This application will contain the phone number, message information, language preferences and date on which the message will be sent. It will be interfaced with the gateway to send the message. Lastly, we will conduct a randomized controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of automated SMS reminders to parents in improving the on-time vaccination rates in children. If the result shows that the vaccines compliance can be increased through the SMS reminders, this program can be incorporated with the existing systems to collect the cell phone numbers of parents at the time of child's first contact with the health system and sending auto generated reminders for vaccine compliance at national level.
Deaths have occurred in neonates (28 days of age or younger) who received concomitant intravenous calcium-containing solutions with ceftriaxone resulting from calcium-ceftriaxone precipitates in the lungs and kidneys, even when separate infusion lines were used. 5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringer’s Injection is contraindicated in neonates receiving ceftriaxone [see Contraindications, Warnings, Drug Interactions].

Safety and effectiveness of 5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringer's Injection in pediatric patients has not been established by adequate and well-controlled studies. However, as referenced in the medical literature, potassium chloride injection has been used to treat pediatric patients with potassium deficiency when oral replacement therapy is not feasible.

For patients receiving potassium supplement at greater than maintenance rates, frequent monitoring of serum potassium levels and serial EKGs are recommended.

Dextrose is safe and effective for the stated indications in pediatric patients (see INDICATIONS AND USAGE). As reported in the literature, the dosage selection and constant infusion rate of intravenous dextrose must be selected with caution in pediatric patients, particularly neonates and low birth weight infants, because of the increased risk of hyperglycemia/hypoglycemia. Frequent monitoring of serum glucose concentrations is required when dextrose is prescribed to pediatric patients, particularly neonates and low birth weight infants.

In neonates or in very small infants even small volumes of fluid may affect fluid and electrolyte balance. Care must be exercised in treatment of neonates, especially pre-term neonates, whose renal function may be immature and whose ability to excrete fluid and solute loads may be limited. Fluid intake, urine output, and serum glucose and electrolytes should be monitored closely.

See WARNINGS and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.
Acute deliberate overdosage in man has not occurred, but would be expected to induce the following symptoms: anorexia, malaise, lethargy, diminished sense of well being, tremulousness, anxiety, nausea and vomiting. Laboratory findings are likely to include an elevated reticulocyte count and a severe hemolytic reaction requiring hospitalization, symptomatic treatment, and possibly blood transfusions. Concomitant reduction in platelets and/or white blood cells should be anticipated.

Milder overdosages resulting in hemolysis have occurred in an occasional patient with reduced renal function after several weeks or months of continuous treatment.

The acute LD 50 of AHA in animals (rats) is 4.8 gm/kg.

Recommended treatment for an overdosage reaction consists of (1) cessation of treatment, (2) close monitoring of hematologic status, (3) symptomatic treatment, and (4) blood transfusions as required by the clinical circumstances. The drug is probably dialyzable, but this property has not been tested clinically.
Placebo will be administered via 30 IM injections (0.5 mL each). Each subject will be treated twice, with an interval of 8 weeks between treatments.
Participants will receive Velcade 1.3 mg/m\^2 as SC injection, twice weekly at Weeks 1, 2, 4 and 5 in Cycle 1 followed by once weekly at Weeks 1, 2, 4 and 5 in Cycles 2 to 9, melphalan 9 mg/m\^2 (if serum creatine is \>2 mg/dL at baseline, participants must be administrated 4.5 mg/m\^2 of melphalan, instead of 9 mg/m\^2), orally, once daily (on Days 1-4) and prednisone 60 mg/m\^2, orally, once daily, on Days 1 to 4 of each cycle up to Cycle 9. In addition participants will also receive daratumumab 16 milligram per kilogram (mg/kg) as intravenous (IV) infusion or daratumumab Subcutaneously (SC) at the discretion of the investigator, once weekly, for 6 weeks in Cycle 1 and then every 3 weeks, in Cycles 2 to 9 and thereafter, once every 4 weeks until documented progression, unacceptable toxicity, or the end of study. Participants will receive pre-infusion medications before each daratumumab infusion.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Sodium channel blockers (SCBs) have traditionally been utilized as anti-seizure medications by primarily targeting the inactivation process. In a drug discovery project aiming at finding potential anticonvulsants, we have identified arbidol, originally an antiviral drug, as a potent SCB. In order to evaluate its anticonvulsant potential, we have thoroughly examined its biophysical properties as well as its effects on animal seizure models.
EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Patch clamp recording was used to investigate the electrophysiological properties of arbidol, as well as the binding and unbinding kinetics of arbidol, carbamazepine and lacosamide. Furthermore, we evaluated the anticonvulsant effects of arbidol using three different seizure models in male mice.
KEY RESULTS: Arbidol effectively suppressed neuronal epileptiform activity by blocking sodium channels. Arbidol demonstrated a distinct mode of action by interacting with both the fast and slow inactivation of Nav1.2 channels compared with carbamazepine and lacosamide. A kinetic study suggested that the binding and unbinding rates might be associated with the specific characteristics of these three drugs. Arbidol targeted the classical binding site of local anaesthetics, effectively inhibited the gain-of-function effects of Nav1.2 epileptic mutations and exhibited varying degrees of anticonvulsant effects in the maximal electroshock model and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazol model but had no effect in the pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus model.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Arbidol shows promising potential as an anticonvulsant agent, providing a unique mode of action that sets it apart from existing SCBs.
In a previous project, following GWAS analysis of the DNA and measurement of serum biomarkers coming from 134 patients a prediction score named SPECIFY was developed. The SPECIFY score comprises four elements: low hemoglobin, increased urea, increased IL-8 and carriage of G alleles of rs2091172. The score has 80% positive predictive value and 95.8% specificity for the early detection of unfavorable outcome but the sensitivity is low. Unfavorable outcome is defined as any of: presentation or progression into severe CDI, relapse; and death. Stool samples of day 1 before start of therapy of the patients are stored refrigerated. Microbiome analysis will be done aiming to the integration of the Shannon diversity index to the already developed score in order to improve sensitivity.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine suppository used for treating colpitis. The traditional Chinese medicine suppository is mainly prepared from, by mass, 7 to 12 parts of rhizoma dioscoreae, 9 to 13 parts of leaf of Chinese desmos, 3 to 7 parts of radix ampelopsis, 5 to 10 parts of ficus virens ait. var. sublanceolata (Miq.) corner bark, 6 to 11 parts of leaf of alderleaf sida, 4 to 10 parts of dysosma difformis(Hemsl.et Wils.)T.H.Wang, 7 to 13 parts of herb of common nasturtium, 9 to 12 parts of scabrous doellingeria rhizome and root, 8 to 14 parts of leaf of betel pepper, 6 to 12 parts of climbing groundsel herb, 3 to 9 parts of root of reddish beautyberry, 5 to 11 parts of herba incarvillae, 7 to 14 parts of leaf of common aeschynomene, 4 to 9 parts of fructus cnidii, and 6 to 10 parts of flos celosiae cristatae. The traditional Chinese medicine suppository is capable of killing insects and relieving itching, and clearing heat and eliminating dampness, and possesses excellent antibacterial effect. It is confirmed that curative effect of the traditional Chinese medicine suppository is excellent, recurrence rate is low, safety is high, applicability is wide, and the traditional Chinese medicine suppository is worth popularizing.
BACKGROUND: Increased incidence of lifestyle diseases as side-effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been reported in people living with HIV (PLWH). Few studies have evaluated obesity and hidden obesity in Japanese PLWH and their association with ART. In order to provide more appropriate drug selection and lifestyle guidance, we investigated the relationship between the effects of HIV infection and ART on the body composition of Japanese PLWH.
METHODS: PLWH who visited the outpatient clinic and had body composition measured using the body composition analyzer InBody 570 were included in this study. Medications, comorbidities, and blood test data were obtained. Body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) were measured.
RESULTS: In this study, 543 patients were included. Based on body shape, patients were classified into a thin group (13), normal weight group (14), hidden obesity group (158), apparent obesity group (14), and obesity group (218). Compared with the normal weight group, the hidden obesity group had a higher prevalence of comorbidities and a lower SMI.
CONCLUSIONS: PLWH are more likely to have obesity than the general population, indicating that hidden obesity is common even among those with a normal BMI. It is important to measure body fat percentage along with body weight, as hidden obesity can be missed. Further investigation of the effects of ART on body composition is needed.
BACKGROUND: Qingchang Tongluo Decoction (QTF) is clinically used for the treatment of intestinal fibrosis in Crohn's Disease (CD). However, the role of QTF in CD-associated fibrosis and its potential pharmacological mechanism remains unclear.
PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to elucidate the potential mechanism of QTF in treating CD-associated fibrosis, employing a combination of bioinformatics approaches - encompassing network pharmacology and molecular docking - complemented by experimental validation.
METHODS: To investigate the material basis and potential protective mechanism of QTF, a network pharmacology analysis was conducted. The core components and targets of QTF underwent molecular docking analysis to corroborate the findings obtained from network pharmacology. In vitro, a colon fibrotic model was established by stimulating IEC-6 cells with 10 ng/mL of transforming growth factor(TGF-β1). In vivo, an intestinal fibrosis model was induced in BALB/c mice by TNBS. The role of QTF in inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway was investigated through RT-qPCR, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry staining, and immunofluorescence staining.
RESULTS: Network pharmacology analysis revealed that QTF could exert its protective effect. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that Flavone and Isoflavone might be the key components of the study. Additionally, AKT1, IL-6, TNF, and VEGFA were identified as potential therapeutic targets. Furthermore, experimental validation and molecular docking were employed to corroborate the results obtained from network pharmacology. RT-qPCR, Immunofluorescence, and Western blotting results demonstrated that QTF significantly improved colon function and inhibited pathological intestinal fibrosis in vivo and in vitro.
CONCLUSION: Through the application of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation, QTF could be confirmed to inhibit the proliferation of intestinal fibroblasts associated with CD and reduce the expression of Collagen I and VEGFA. This effect is achieved through the attenuation of ECM accumulation, primarily via the inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a birth defect characterized by incomplete closure of the diaphragm, herniation of abdominal organs into the chest, and compression of the lungs and the heart. Besides complications related to pulmonary hypoplasia, 1 in 4 survivors develop neurodevelopmental impairment, whose etiology remains unclear. Using a fetal rat model of CDH, we demonstrated that the compression exerted by herniated organs on the mediastinal structures results in decreased brain perfusion on ultrafast ultrasound, cerebral hypoxia with compensatory angiogenesis, mature neuron and oligodendrocyte loss, and activated microglia. In CDH fetuses, apoptosis was prominent in the subventricular and subgranular zones, areas that are key for neurogenesis. We validated these findings in the autopsy samples of four human fetuses with CDH compared to age- and sex-matched controls. This study reveals the molecular mechanisms and cellular changes that occur in the brain of fetuses with CDH and creates opportunities for therapeutic targets.
This invention manages the variation of neuromodulation sequences inherent in effective treatment for poly-substance abuse and dependence through downloadable neuromodulation protocols for common poly-substance combinations. The substance abuse profiles and the poly-substance neuromodulation protocols are placed on an Internet connected server, allowing effective management of complex treatments via network-attached client software to addiction clinics in most of the geographic areas in the world. Such downloadable protocols may be selected based on the addict's presenting drugs, drug history (from the addict and from appropriate medical personnel), health deficits (e.g. compromised liver) and other factors. Modifications to the downloaded protocol may become desirable as acute withdrawal symptoms emerge or other new information regarding the patient's condition becomes available. The treatment protocol may be changed during the patient's treatment through the download of different protocols dynamically adjustable treatment parameters under control of the treatment provider.