anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
In this phase II study, the investigational new drug (not approved by the FDA) GPI 1485 is being assessed for its ability to delay or stop disease progression and improve symptoms in patients with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease (PD). These potential effects of GPI 1485 are based on animal studies in which the drug was shown to both protect nerves from damage and to regrow damaged nerves. Participants in this study will be randomly assigned to receive either GPI 1485 or placebo (inactive pill). GPI 1485 will be supplied as an oral tablet formulation to participants enrolled in the study. Participants randomly assigned to receive GPI 1485 will be required to take four tablets four times a day by mouth. GPI 1485 matching placebo will also be supplied as an oral tablet formulation. Participants randomly assigned to placebo will be required to take four placebo tablets four times a day by mouth. The duration of this study is 24 months which includes 12 clinical visits at one of 21 participating sites and three imaging visits to Molecular NeuroImaging (MNI) in New Haven Connecticut. At MNI, participants will be injected with a radioactive investigational drug b-CIT to obtain images of the activity in the brain with Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT). This will evaluate whether GPI 1485 slows or delays the loss of brain activity in patients with mild to moderate PD. During this study you will also have other clinical evaluations including a physical exam, blood work, ECG (tracing of your heart rhythm), and urinalysis. Tests specific to Parkinson's disease will also be performed including: Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Dyskinesia Rating Scale, Bilateral finger-tapping test, and Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS). In addition assessments of your health and mood will be done.
Neuroinflammation is a critical factor that contributes to neurological impairment and is closely associated with the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. In the central nervous system (CNS), microglia play a pivotal role in the regulation of inflammation through various signaling pathways. Therefore, mitigating microglial inflammation is considered a promising strategy for restraining neuroinflammation. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are widely expressed in the CNS and exhibit clear neuroprotective effects in various disease models. However, whether the activation of mAChRs can harness benefits in neuroinflammation remains largely unexplored. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of mAChRs were found in a neuroinflammation mouse model. The expression of various cytokines and chemokines was regulated in the brains and spinal cords after the administration of mAChR agonists. Microglia were the primary target cells through which mAChRs exerted their anti-inflammatory effects. The results showed that the activation of mAChRs decreased the pro-inflammatory phenotypes of microglia, including the expression of inflammatory cytokines, morphological characteristics, and distribution density. Such anti-inflammatory modulation further exerted neuroprotection, which was found to be even more significant by the direct activation of neuronal mAChRs. This study elucidates the dual mechanisms through which mAChRs exert neuroprotective effects in central inflammatory responses, providing evidence for their application in inflammation-related neurological disorders.
CD44 is a cell surface receptor for the extracellular matrix hyaluronan. It mediates adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix. Its ability to organize extracellular matrix into a medium is also used by cancer cells in their becoming metastatic. Invasive tumor cells are frequently observed to bind hyaluronate.

CD44 gene is made up of 20 exons, at least 10 of which are variably expressed due to alternative splicing of the mRNA. The standard form, CD44s, has a coding sequence of exons 1-5 and 16-20. Variant isoforms (CD44v), all larger, arise from alternative splicing of combinations of exons 6-15 (v1-10). A variant isoform CD44 can induce metastasis of a rat pancreatic carcinoma. Studies in human tumors, however, have produced variable results. Some breast cancers demonstrate positive correlation between CD44v expression and tumor progression, while others lack any correlation. Some colorectal tumors even show an inverse correlation. CD44 has also been demonstrated to be a metastasis suppressor gene for prostate cancer. Thus, CD44 may be a marker for metastasis for some tumors, but not for others, and it may actually be a metastasis suppressor gene for yet another groups of tumors.

For primary lung cancer, the correlation between CD44 expression and tumor metastasis has not been established. The metastasis-prone small cell lung cancer rarely showed any immunohistochemical staining for CD44s or CD44v. For non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), some studies showed positive correlation between immunohistochemical CD44v expression and tumor progression, while others showed no correlation. Our own study using RT-PCR, sequencing and immunohistochemical staining showed that in pulmonary adenocarcinoma, CD44v6 expression is down-regulated as the disease progressed. Based on our finding, and the observation that CD44s and CD44v expression are low in metastasis-prone small cell lung cancer, we assue that CD44 is a metastasis suppressor gene which is inactivated in lung cancers. Because in prostate cancer DNA hypermethylation has been shown to be related to the down-regulation of CD44 gene, we plan to study the methylation status of the transcriptional regulatory region of CD44 gene in primary lung cancer. We'll study CD44 expression by immunohistochemistry, the methylation status of CD44 regulatory region by sequencing of the bisulfite-modified genomic DNA, and correlate these two findings with each other, and with histologic type, tumor staging and survival.
The VenTouch System is intended for use in the treatment of functional MR (FMR) in adults who are symptomatic despite optimal medical management. It is indicated for subjects with FMR with essentially normal leaflet anatomy and motion, with mitral valve regurgitation attributable to annular and/or ventricular dilation. It is not intended to treat structural defects/degeneration of the mitral valve. The VenTouch System is intended to provide ventricular support that will encourage beneficial remodeling of the heart and, with adjustable inflatable chambers, it is intended to reduce annular dilation, correct papillary muscle displacement, and restore mitral valve leaflet coaptation, allowing proper closure of the valve, and reducing or eliminating MR. The VenTouch System is indicated for patients who have "moderately severe" or "severe" mitral regurgitation (grade 3 or 4 MR).
Just as the human gut microbiome is colonized by a variety of microbes, so too is the rhizosphere of plants. An imbalance in this microbial community, known as dysbiosis, can have a negative impact on plant health. This study sought to explore the effect of rhizosphere dysbiosis on the health of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.), using them and the foliar bacterial spot pathogen Xanthomonas perforans as model organisms. The rhizospheres of 3-week-old tomato plants were treated with either streptomycin or water as a control, and then spray-inoculated with X. perforans after 24 h. Half of the plants that were treated with both streptomycin and X. perforans received soil microbiome transplants from uninfected plant donors 48 h after the streptomycin was applied. The plants treated with streptomycin showed a 26% increase in disease severity compared to those that did not receive the antibiotic. However, the plants that received the soil microbiome transplant exhibited an intermediate level of disease severity. The antibiotic-treated plants demonstrated a reduced abundance of rhizobacterial taxa such as Cyanobacteria from the genus Cylindrospermum. They also showed a down-regulation of genes related to plant primary and secondary metabolism, and an up-regulation of plant defence genes associated with induced systemic resistance. This study highlights the vital role that beneficial rhizosphere microbes play in disease resistance, even against foliar pathogens.
Congestive heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction have been reported in patients taking imatinib mesylate tablets. Cardiac adverse reactions were more frequent in patients with advanced age or co-morbidities including previous medical history of cardiac disease. In an international randomized Phase 3 study in 1,106 patients with newly diagnosed Ph+ CML in chronic phase, severe cardiac failure and left ventricular dysfunction were observed in 0.7% of patients taking imatinib mesylate tablets compared to 0.9% of patients taking IFN + Ara-C. In another randomized trial with newly diagnosed Ph+ CML patients in chronic phase that compared imatinib mesylate and nilotinib, cardiac failure was observed in 1.1% of patients in the imatinib mesylate arm and 2.2% of patients in the nilotinib 300 mg twice daily arm and severe (Grade 3 or 4) cardiac failure occurred in 0.7% of patients in each group. Carefully monitor patients with cardiac disease or risk factors for cardiac or history of renal failure. Evaluate and treat any patient with signs or symptoms consistent with cardiac or renal failure.
Previous studies have investigated the association of gender roles with pain outcomes in healthy individuals. However, little is known about this association in those with musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders. Therefore, this mixed-methods systematic review aimed to investigate the association of sociocultural gender roles on pain outcomes in adults with MSK disorders. Literature from Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Embase was reviewed from inception to February 2023. Eligibility criteria included studies of adults with an MSK pain disorder that explored the relationship between gender roles and pain for all primary qualitative and quantitative study designs. Exclusion criteria were gray literature, review articles, case studies, and conference proceedings. Risk of bias was assessed via the Quality Appraisal for Diverse Studies for quantitative studies and the McMaster Quality Appraisal Tool for qualitative studies. Eleven studies were included, 9 qualitative, and 2 quantitative with a total of 540 participants (19.6% women, 80.4% men) with various MSK disorders. The convergent integrated approach was used to synthesize data from the qualitative and quantitative studies resulting in 3 themes and 7 subthemes. Our findings identified differences in the way individuals explained the cause of their pain, were treated for their pain in a social and systemic context, and in describing the effect pain had on their lives based on gender roles. There is a need for pain management to evolve to acknowledge the individual pain experience through exploration of an individual's gender identity and roles. PERSPECTIVE: This article demonstrates that gender roles have a multidimensional influence on the pain experience in those with MSK disorders. These findings support the development of gender-sensitive, patient-centered approaches to pain management, acknowledging each individual's important roles and identities.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Microcirculatory dysfunction is one of the main characteristics of sepsis. Shenfu Injection (SFI) as a traditional Chinese medicine is widely applied in clinical severe conditions. Recent studies have shown that SFI has the ability to ameliorate sepsis-induced inflammation and to improve microcirculation perfusion.
AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aims to investigate the underlying mechanism of SFI for ameliorating sepsis-associated endothelial dysfunction and organ injury.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Side-stream dark-field (SDF) imaging was used to monitor the sublingual microcirculation of septic patients treated with or without SFI. Septic mouse model was used to evaluate the effects of SFI in vivo. Metabolomics and transcriptomics were performed on endothelial cells to identify the underlying mechanism for SFI-related protective effect on endothelial cells.
RESULTS: SFI effectively abolished the disturbance and loss of sublingual microcirculation in septic patients. Twenty septic shock patients with or without SFI administration were enrolled and the data showed that SFI significantly improved the levels of total vessel density (TVD), perfused vessel density (PVD), microvascular flow index (MFI), and the proportion of perfused vessels (PPV). The administration of SFI significantly decreased the elevated plasma levels of Angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) and Syndecan-1, which are biomarkers indicative of endothelial damage in sepsis patients. In the mouse septic model in vivo, SFI inhibited the upregulation of endothelial adhesion molecules and Ly6G + neutrophil infiltration while restored the expression of VE-Cadherin in the vasculature of the lung, kidney, and liver tissue. Additionally, SFI reduced the plasma levels of Ang2, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1(MCP1), and Interleukin-6 (IL6), and alleviated liver and kidney injury in septic mice. Moreover, SFI significantly inhibited the inflammatory activation and increased permeability of endothelial cells induced by endotoxins in vitro. By performing metabolomics and transcriptomics, we identified the activation of PI3K/Akt-mediated glycolysis as the underlying mechanism for SFI-related protective effect on endothelial cells.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings revealed that SFI may improve microcirculation perfusion and endothelial function in sepsis via inhibiting PI3K/Akt-mediated glycolysis, providing theoretical evidence for the clinical application of SFI.
Teriflunomide may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Teratogenicity and embryofetal lethality occurred in animal reproduction studies in multiple animal species at plasma teriflunomide exposures similar to or lower than that in humans at the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 14 mg/day [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].

Teriflunomide is contraindicated for use in pregnant women and in females of reproductive potential not using effective contraception [see Contraindications (4)]. Exclude pregnancy before starting treatment with teriflunomide in females of reproductive potential [see Dosage and Administration (2)]. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during teriflunomide treatment and during an accelerated drug elimination procedure after teriflunomide treatment [see Use in Specific Populations (8.3)]. If a woman becomes pregnant while taking teriflunomide, stop treatment with teriflunomide, apprise the patient of the potential risk to a fetus, and perform an accelerated drug elimination procedure to achieve a plasma teriflunomide concentration of less than 0.02 mg/L [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].  
  
Upon discontinuing teriflunomide, it is recommended that all females of reproductive potential undergo an accelerated drug elimination procedure. Women receiving teriflunomide treatment who wish to become pregnant must discontinue teriflunomide and undergo an accelerated drug elimination procedure, which includes verification that plasma concentrations of teriflunomide are less than 0.02 mg/L (0.02 mcg/mL). Men wishing to father a child should also discontinue use of teriflunomide and either undergo an accelerated elimination procedure or wait until verification that the plasma teriflunomide concentration is less than 0.02 mg/L (0.02 mcg/mL) [see Use in Specific Populations (8.3)]. Based on animal data, human plasma concentrations of teriflunomide of less than 0.02 mg/L (0.02 mcg/mL) are expected to have minimal embryofetal risk [see Contraindications (4), Warnings and Precautions (5.3), and Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a worldwide health burden with high fatality and permanent disability rates. Decompressive craniectomy, which is beneficial in patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction, may indirectly relieve the mass effect, decrease perihematomal tissue pressure, improve blood flow, reduce secondary brain damage and improve outcome without further damage to the brain due to surgery. Early therapy with either surgical clipping or neuroradiologic intervention with endovascular coiling is the primary treatment for aSAH. But whether decompressive craniectomy should be employed during the clipping surgery or immediately after coil embolization still have considerable controversy. 80 patients will be recruited to the trial over 12 months. Follow-up will take 6 months with analysis and reporting taking 6 months.
Toilet goods which protect skin directly or indirectly against chemical materials being toxic or stimulative to skin, contain at least one of aminophylline, theophylline, theobromine and uric acid in concn. 0.1-10 wt.%. Addn. of at least one of the materials in cream, milky liquid, lotion etc. contg. some material causing inflammation, protects skin against stimulation or reduces and ultimately neutralises the stimulation. The toilet goods may contain urea, thiourea or their derivs., amino acid such as glycocoll and p-aminobenzoic acid, sulphurous acid or derivs. thereof.
BACKGROUND: Prepectoral breast reconstruction has become increasingly popular over the last decade. There is a paucity of data surrounding the impact of mastectomy type on clinical outcomes when comparing prepectoral immediate breast reconstruction without acellular dermal matrix (ADM) using tissue expansion. The purpose of this study was to compare 90-day reconstructive surgical outcomes in immediate prepectoral tissue expander reconstruction between patients with nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) and skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM).
METHODS: A retrospective review of patient records was carried out on all patients undergoing NSM or SSM with immediate prepectoral tissue expander reconstruction without ADM, in a single institution, from June 2020 to December 2021. All complications were recorded, categorized, and statistically analyzed for significance.
RESULTS: Seventy-nine patients (97 breasts) were studied. The mean age was 51 years old (range, 31-77). Twenty-two patients suffered complications recorded in 22 breasts (22.7%). There was no statistically significant difference in the total complications between the NSM (25.7%) and SSM (21.0%) groups or in the incidence of all major and minor complications.
CONCLUSIONS: Breast reconstruction using tissue expanders without ADM has similar reconstructive outcomes in both NSM and SSM. There were no significant differences in complication rates between either groups. Breast reconstruction without ADM can confer institutional cost savings without compromising safety.
Patients with breast cancer who experienced fatigue were measured by the Brief Fatigue Inventory(BFI) scale and other Fatigue related questionnaire. Breast cancer patients diagnosed with cancer related fatigue are included in our clinical study，and those patients will receive acupuncture treatment. The position of acupuncture refers to the principle of acupuncture treatment of traditional Chinese medicine. According to ICD-10-CD code R53.0, the diagnosis of CRF is determined by the experience of diminished energy or other physical and psychological symptoms every day or almost every day for two consecutive weeks in the past month. We collected patients' blood to detect fatigue related SNP.
Group TEA (Thoracic Epidural Analgesia): Thoracic Epidural Application: The epidural area will be accessed from the 7th (T7)-8th (T8) level of the thoracic vertebral midline with an 18 gauge (G) epidural needle using the hanging drip technique. After 2 ml of 2% lidocaine is administered and no spinal effect is observed, a mixture of morphine and local anaesthetic 3-4 mg morphine hydrochloride + 5 ml 0.5% bupivacaine + 2 ml 0.9% saline will be administered through the epidural needle at once and the epidural needle will be withdrawn and sterile dressing will be applied.
Cysticercus fasciolaris (C. fasciolaris) is the larval stage of a cestode parasite named Taenia taeniaeformis (T. taeniaeformis). C. fasiolaris is found in small rodents, especially rats. Rattus species are listed as intermediate hosts of this parasite, and cats are the main definitive host of C. fasiolaris. The objective of this study was to study the pathological, microscopic, and molecular aspects of C. fasciolaris in rodents residing in human residence areas. One hundred and two rodents were trapped in human settlements and dissected for larva-containing cyst examinations in the body cavity. The larvae of C. fasciolaris were investigated using histopathological examination, microscopic observations under a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope, and molecular detection using polymerase chain reaction. The prevalence of hepatic cysts containing larvae was 8.91% (95% CI = 4.16-16.24). In addition, the older larvae also had longer micropapillae. Histopathological investigation revealed normal hepatic tissue containing larvae and a scanty fluid cyst. The cyst capsule contains mostly mononuclear cells and spindle cells in all infected rats. The molecular detection using two primer sets revealed the amplicons were similar to the clade of C. fasciolaris. In the future, more investigation is necessary to fully understand the parasite's molecular pathogenesis and virulent molecules, which are less obvious.
The serotonergic system has shown to be altered during epileptogenesis and in chronic epilepsy, making selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors interesting candidates for antiepileptogenic therapy. In this study, we aimed to evaluate disease-modifying effects of fluoxetine during experimental epileptogenesis. Status epilepticus (SE) was induced by lithium-pilocarpine, and female rats were treated either with vehicle or fluoxetine over 15 days. Animals were subjected to 18F-FDG (7 days post-SE), 18F-GE180 (15 days post-SE) and 18F-flumazenil positron emission tomography (PET, 21 days post-SE). Uptake (18F-FDG), volume of distribution (18F-GE180) and binding potential (18F-flumazenil) were calculated. In addition, hyperexcitability testing and video-EEG monitoring were performed. Fluoxetine treatment did not alter brain glucose metabolism. 18F-GE180 PET indicated lower neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of treated animals (-22.6%, p = 0.042), but no differences were found in GABAA receptor density. Video-EEG monitoring did not reveal a treatment effect on seizure frequency. However, independently of the treatment, hippocampal FDG uptake 7 days after SE correlated with seizure frequency during the chronic phase (r = -0.58; p = 0.015). Fluoxetine treatment exerted anti-inflammatory effects in rats during epileptogenesis. However, this effect did not alter disease outcome. Importantly, FDG-PET in early epileptogenesis showed biomarker potential as higher glucose metabolism correlated to lower seizure frequency in the chronic phase.
This research is a small, 8wk clinical trial testing the potential effects of an investigational device, Frequen-ZZZ Sleep Pad, on the sleep of adults 40-65 years old. The investigators aim to determine whether sleeping with the Sleep Pad, which creates a radio-frequency field around the sleeper, improves sleep. Sleep will be primarily measured using a noninvasive clinical standard method, called polysomnography (PSG), for 6 separate nights in the personal residence of participants. Sleep will also be measured both day and night with a watch-like device that measures activity, and with surveys. The investigators will look for changes in sleep quality, in sleep duration, and in the way that sleep is organized by the body ("sleep architecture"). There are 12-15 in-person appointments across the course of the study. With the data, the investigators hope to also evaluate the feasibility and effect sizes of this non-pharmacological intervention to inform future research, and plan to use data in support of a future FDA application for the device.