anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Some patients have experienced ischemic colitis without warning. 

Ischemic colitis has been reported in patients receiving alosetron hydrochloride tablets in clinical trials as well as during marketed use of the drug. In IBS clinical trials, the cumulative incidence of ischemic colitis in women receiving alosetron hydrochloride tablets was 0.2% (2 per 1,000 patients, 95% confidence interval 1 to 3) through 3 months and was 0.3% (3 per 1,000 patients, 95% confidence interval 1 to 4) through 6 months. Ischemic colitis has been reported with use of 1 mg twice daily and with lower doses. A dose-response relationship has not been established. Ischemic colitis was reported in one patient receiving placebo. The patient experience in controlled clinical trials is insufficient to estimate the incidence of ischemic colitis in patients taking alosetron hydrochloride tablets for longer than 6 months.

Alosetron hydrochloride tablets should be discontinued immediately in patients with signs of ischemic colitis such as rectal bleeding, bloody diarrhea, or new or worsening abdominal pain. Because ischemic colitis can be life-threatening, patients with signs or symptoms of ischemic colitis should be evaluated promptly and have appropriate diagnostic testing performed. Treatment with alosetron hydrochloride tablets should not be resumed in patients who develop ischemic colitis.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a composition for inhibiting calcium oxalate crystal growth. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a composition for inhibiting calcium phosphate crystal growth. In some embodiments, such a composition comprises at least one citrate derivative of an organic acid and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In another embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a method of controlling calcium oxalate crystal growth in a subject in need thereof. Such a method comprises administering to the subject an effective amount of the aforementioned composition. In another embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to a method of treating kidney stone disorder. Such a method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the aforementioned composition. In yet another embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a method of treating calcium oxalate stone disease. In an embodiment, the method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the aforementioned composition.
Prolonged isolated thrombocytopenia (PIT) that is refractory to conventional treatments has remained a critical complication after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation since decades years ago. Recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) is the main therapy in clinical practice, but remains low efficiency for PIT. Demethylating drugs have shown thier potential in high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acte myeloid leukemia (AML). In addition, decitabine has demonstrated its efficacy of over 70% for response rate in treatment for PIT in early clinical trials with elusive mechanism. Preliminary experiments revealed that PIT was associated with abnormality of oxidation microenvironment, and N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) was the most commonly used antioxidant. Furthermore, AZA had shown its potential in immune regulation. Therefore, the investigators have been wondering whether Azacitidine in combination with NAC could improve PIT post HSCT and explore the possible mechanism of it.
PURPOSE: To obtain a dipeptide in a pure state by extracting it from a saturated salt aq. soln. containing ε-trifluoroacetyl-lysyl-proline being dipeptide, polypeptide and free amino acid with a specific solvent.  
     CONSTITUTION: A series of extraction treatments is successively applied to a saturated salt aq. soln. containing ε-trifluoroacetyl-lysyl-proline being a dipeptide, polypeptide and free amino acid by using monobasic alcohol (pref., butanol) or a mixed solvent of this alcohol and an aprotic solvent (pref., ethyl acetate). Specifically, for example, the above-mentioned salt aq. soln. is extraction-treated with butanol and a butanol soln. containing dipeptide and polypeptide is extracted with an acidic aq. soln. and, further, the dipeptide transferred to an aq. phase is extracted with butanol to obtain the dispeptide. 
     COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO
Participants were administered from Day 1 to Day 10 two times per day (bid) an oral dose of 30 milligram (mg) of BI 1323495 film-coated tablets together with about 240 milliliter (mL) of water, At Day 11 participants were administered only a single dose in the morning. Participants took a normal caloric meal 30 minutes (min) before drug administration. Subjects fasted for 4 hours (h) after intake of morning dose. Morning and evening dose were taken with a 12 h time interval approximately at the same time each day during the treatment phase. One authorized employee of the trial site was witness of the administration of the trial medication.
Cancer cachexia (CC) is a debilitating syndrome that affects 50-80% of cancer patients, varying in incidence by cancer type and significantly diminishing their quality of life. This multifactorial syndrome is characterized by muscle and fat loss, systemic inflammation, and metabolic imbalance. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, play a crucial role in the progression of CC. These vesicles, produced by cancer cells and others within the tumor environment, facilitate intercellular communication by transferring proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. A comprehensive review of the literature from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science reveals insights into the formation, release, and uptake of EVs in CC, underscoring their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The review also explores therapeutic strategies targeting EVs, which include modifying their release and content, utilizing them for drug delivery, genetically altering their contents, and inhibiting key cachexia pathways. Understanding the role of EVs in CC opens new avenues for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, potentially mitigating the syndrome's impact on patient survival and quality of life.
BACKGROUND: In obesity, adipose tissue undergoes a remodeling process characterized by increased adipocyte size (hypertrophia) and number (hyperplasia). The ability to tip the balance toward the hyperplastic growth, with recruitment of new fat cells through adipogenesis, seems to be critical for a healthy adipose tissue expansion, as opposed to a hypertrophic growth that is accompanied by the development of inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the fine-tuned regulation of adipose tissue expansion are far from being understood.
METHODS: We analyzed by mass spectrometry-based proteomics visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT) samples collected from C57BL6 mice fed with a HFD for 8 weeks. A subset of these mice, called low inflammation (Low-INFL), showed reduced adipose tissue inflammation, as opposed to those developing the expected inflammatory response (Hi-INFL). We identified the discriminants between Low-INFL and Hi-INFL vWAT samples and explored their function in Adipose-Derived human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AD-hMSCs) differentiated to adipocytes.
RESULTS: vWAT proteomics allowed us to quantify 6051 proteins. Among the candidates that most differentiate Low-INFL from Hi-INFL vWAT, we found proteins involved in adipocyte function, including adiponectin and hormone sensitive lipase, suggesting that adipocyte differentiation is enhanced in Low-INFL, as compared to Hi-INFL. The chromatin modifier SET and MYND Domain Containing 3 (SMYD3), whose function in adipose tissue was so far unknown, was another top-scored hit. SMYD3 expression was significantly higher in Low-INFL vWAT, as confirmed by western blot analysis. Using AD-hMSCs in culture, we found that SMYD3 mRNA and protein levels decrease rapidly during the adipocyte differentiation. Moreover, SMYD3 knock-down before adipocyte differentiation resulted in reduced H3K4me3 and decreased cell proliferation, thus limiting the number of cells available for adipogenesis.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study describes an important role of SMYD3 as a newly discovered regulator of adipocyte precursor proliferation during the early steps of adipogenesis.
The study will be a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and be approved by the institute review board of the University of Tennessee Health Science Center. The study subjects will be composed of young adults 18-35 years old in order to control effects of age on caries. Also the subjects must be Caucasian or Africa American. Young adult patients will be recruited from the UTHSC dental clinics.The baseline visit include a dental exam by one of the investigators, standard preventive dental care (e.g cleaning, application of fluoride varnish), anthropometric measurements, oral health interview survey. 100 patients who meet all inclusion and exclusion criteria will be recruited after they sign an informed consent form. These patients will be randomly assigned to 1 of 2 study groups. Randomization assignment will be stratified by age and number of teeth with caries. Two study groups will be: 1.) plasma treatment group and 2) standard treatment group. For patients in standard treatment group, they will receive composite resin restoration for all decayed teeth and standard preventive treatment (cleaning and fluoride varnish application) at baseline. For patients in plasma treatment group, they will receive plasma treatment after cavity preparation, composite resin restoration, standard preventive treatment followed by plasma treatment for non-carious teeth. Standard preventive treatment and plasma treatment will be repeated on semi-annual (6-month) recall visits. All composite restorations will be placed according to the manufacturer's instruction. Only one composite commercially available will be used during the study.
Participants received 6 bi-weekly vaccinations over 10 weeks. WT-1 vaccine was given with Montanide. Participants also received an injection of Sargramostim (GM-CSF) two days before each vaccination and again on the day of the WT-1 injection at the same spot.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new protein which is expressed in a central nervous system and acts on a calcitonin receptor, to provide a gene therefor, and to provide a medicinal composition containing the same.  <P>SOLUTION: This peptide has the following properties (1) to (6). (1) The peptide is expressed in a central nervous system. (2) The peptide strongly acts on a calcitonin receptor. (3) The peptide stimulates the cAMP-producing ability of a cell. (4) The peptide has an action for taking sodium ion in concentration dependency. (5) The peptide depresses the intake of calcium ion. (6) The peptide has a cell proliferation-inhibiting action. More concretely, the peptide has a specific amino acid sequence originated from swine brain or an amino acid sequence obtained by subjecting a part of the amino acid sequence to a deleting, substituting or adding treatment. In addition, a gene encoding the peptide, and a medicinal composition containing the same.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
Introduction: Adnexal torsion is characterised by the rotation of the ovary and, occasionally, the fallopian tube around their supporting ligaments by more than 45 degrees. It predominantly occurs during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy, with an incidence of up to 0.1% in the third trimester. Dermoid and functional ovarian cysts, most commonly associated with benign serous cystadenomas, are frequently identified among the torted adnexal masses. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 32-year-old primigravida with a known ovarian cyst diagnosed in the first trimester, which was managed conservatively throughout the pregnancy. At 36 weeks of gestation, she presented with abdominal pain and was subsequently managed with an emergency caesarean section at 37 weeks due to the development of an acute surgical abdomen. During the procedure, a torted left tubo-ovarian complex was excised, with partial preservation of the healthy-appearing ovarian tissue. Histopathological examination identified the mass as a benign serous cystadenoma. Conclusions: Ovarian torsion during pregnancy poses a significant diagnostic challenge. The decision between conservative management and surgical intervention is primarily guided by a high index of suspicion for torsion.
Elderly participants with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) will receive combination treatment with low-dose fludarabine and cyclophosphamide combined with standard-dose of rituximab for 6 months. Treatment is followed by a follow up period of 36 months.
NEW MATERIAL:A physiologically active protein substance (molecular weight: two groups having 6,300+ or -500mol.wt. and 9,000-13,000mol.wt.; not being decomposed with deoxyribonuclease, ribonuclease, and neuraminidase, and deactivated with a protease such as tripsin, chymotrypsin, etc.). USE:An activator for promoting DNA synthesis. PREPARATION:A human myelogenic leukemia cell [e.g., strain K562-T1 (obtained by training strain K562 for about one year while reducing gradually serum concentration from a medium of ham F10 containing 10% fetal vitular serum), etc.] is cultivated in a medium [e.g., nonprotein medium such as medium of ham F10, etc.], and a protein substance having activity to promote DNA synthesis is obtained from the supernatant liquid of the medium. It promotes multiplication of B cell system having antibody production ability, is expected as an adjuvant, to be applicable for anemia, and to have carcinostatic action, and usable as a remedy for wounds.
This aims of this study are to: 1) test efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) insomnia intervention for youth with migraine and comorbid insomnia, and 2) investigate how changes in sleep may modify response to CBT pain intervention. Participants will include 250 youth and their parents. Youth will be ages 11-17 years, with migraine (with or without aura, chronic migraine) and comorbid insomnia. In Phase 1, participants will be randomly assigned to receive access to internet-delivered CBT insomnia intervention or internet-delivered sleep education control over 6 weeks. In Phase 2, all participants will receive access to internet-delivered CBT pain intervention over 6 weeks. Assessments will occur at baseline, immediately after Phase 1 intervention, immediately after Phase 2 intervention, and 6 month follow-up.
Anderson-Fabry disease (AFD), a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the α-galactosidase-A (GLA) gene, disrupts lysosomal function, leading to vascular complications. The accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) in arterial walls triggers upregulation of adhesion molecules, decreases endothelial nitric oxide synthesis, and induces reactive oxygen species production. This cascade results in fibrotic thickening, endothelial dysfunction, hypercontractility, vasospasm, and a pro-thrombotic phenotype. AFD patients display increased intima-media thickness (IMT) and reduced flow-mediated dilation (FMD), indicating heightened cardiovascular risk. Nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) shows promise in diagnosing and monitoring microcirculatory disorders in AFD, though it remains underexplored. Morphological evidence of AFD as a storage disorder can be demonstrated through electron microscopy and immunodetection of Gb3. Secondary pathophysiological disturbances at cellular, tissue, and organ levels contribute to the clinical manifestations, with prominent lysosomal inclusions observed in vascular, cardiac, renal, and neuronal cells. Chronic accumulation of Gb3 represents a state of ongoing toxicity, leading to increased cell turnover, particularly in vascular endothelial cells. AFD-related vascular pathology includes increased renin-angiotensin system activation, endothelial dysfunction, and smooth muscle cell proliferation, resulting in IMT increase. Furthermore, microvascular alterations, such as atypical capillaries observed through NFC, suggest early microvascular involvement. This review aims to unravel the complex interplay between inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction in AFD, highlighting the potential connections between metabolic disturbances, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis in vascular and cardiac complications. By exploring novel cardiovascular risk factors and potential diagnostic tools, we can advance our understanding of these mechanisms, which extend beyond sphingolipid accumulation to include other significant contributors to disease pathogenesis. This comprehensive approach can pave the way for innovative therapeutic strategies and improved patient outcomes.
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a prevalent autoimmune disease. Curcumin formulations are recognized for their potent anti-inflammatory effects, mainly targeting NF-kB signaling. Supplementation with Acumin™ has shown significant benefits for RA patients, including pain relief, reduced morning stiffness, and improved joint function, alongside decreases in inflammatory markers and autoantibody levels. In murine arthritis models, a bioavailable curcumin form, combined with a diet rich in vitamin D and omega-3, notably altered disease progression. Therefore, a pilot trial is set for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody+ (APCA+) individuals without RA. The primary objective of this study will determine if the level of ACPA is altered after taking curcumin, omega-3, and vitamin D (COD) for 3 months. The secondary objective is to determine the safety and tolerability of COD in the study population. Exploratory outcomes will include assessment of joint, symptoms, blood biochemistry and hematology. This study will enroll 50 ACPA+ individuals without RA, aiming for an equal distribution of male and female participants. Participants identified as ACPA+ from the RA Auto-antibody Detection study (RAAD) will undergo eligibility screening. The study will involve open-label administration of ACUMIN™ Turmeric Complex (500 mg), Omega-3 (900 mg), and Vitamin D3 (2500 IU) once daily for 84 consecutive days. Joint examinations will be conducted by a study physician, and blood specimens will be collected by certified phlebotomists at designated sites. Trained personnel will handle questionnaire surveys, anthropometrics, follow-ups, and coordinating visits. Data will be recorded on paper-based CRFs and entered into the secure REDCap database. The trial will take place at Health Sciences Centre (MS7) in Winnipeg for urban participants and in First Nation communities with established research agreements with the team (Norway House First Nation).
BACKGROUND: Venous thromboembolism is a preventable complication of gynecologic cancer surgery that leads to postoperative morbidity and mortality. This study compared apixaban with enoxaparin to identify whether apixaban had the same safety and efficacy for patients undergoing gynecologic cancer surgery.
METHODS: The study identified patients with a gynecologic malignancy who underwent surgery and were prescribed apixaban at discharge between June 2020 and April 2023. International Classification of Diseases 10 codes were used to identify patients who had a thromboembolism within 90 days or a bleeding event within 60 days after surgery. The rates of events for patients prescribed apixaban were compared with those for a historical cohort of patients who received enoxaparin. Fisher's exact tests were used to compare categorical variables, and t tests were used to compare continuous variables. A logistic regression was performed to compare the odds of thromboembolism between the two groups.
RESULTS: Baseline patient characteristics differed in terms of body mass index (BMI), race, route of surgery, and type of cancer. Of the 490 patients in the apixaban cohort, 12 (2.4%) had a thromboembolism compared with 3 (2.1%) of the 138 patients in the enoxaparin group (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.30-4.70; p > 0.999). The odds ratio was adjusted for BMI, age, and route of surgery. A bleeding event occurred for 1 (0.2%) of the 490 patients in the apixaban group and for 1 (0.7%) of the 138 patients in the enoxaparin group.
CONCLUSIONS: This validation study showed that apixaban is a safe and effective method of postoperative venous thromboembolism prophylaxis. The data provide support to previous data and guideline updates recommending the use of apixaban for postoperative prophylaxis.
All adult patients (aged at least 18 years old) presenting to the CHU Clermont-Ferrand adult emergencies with a strong suspicion of generalized tonic-clonic seizure beginning less than 4 hours will be included. Each eligible patient will be proposed by a doctor, to participate to the study. The emergency doctor will verify the patient's inclusion and non-inclusion criteria.
AIMS: We investigated whether human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC)-derived exosomes bear therapeutic potential against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation.
METHODS: Exosomes were isolated from hUC-MSC supernatant by ultra-high-speed centrifugation and characterized by transmission electron microscopy and western blotting. Inflammatory responses were induced by LPS in BV-2 cells, primary microglial cultures, and C57BL/6J mice. H2 O2 was also used to induce inflammation and oxidative stress in BV-2 cells. The effects of hUC-MSC-derived exosomes on inflammatory cytokine expression, oxidative stress, and microglia polarization were studied by immunofluorescence and western blotting.
RESULTS: Treatment with hUC-MSC-derived exosomes significantly decreased the LPS- or H2 O2 -induced oxidative stress and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) in vitro, while promoting an anti-inflammatory (classical M2) phenotype in an LPS-treated mouse model. Mechanistically, the exosomes increased the NRF2 levels and inhibited the LPS-induced NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In contrast, the reactive oxygen species scavenger NAC and NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-7082 also inhibited the LPS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and switched to the classical M2 phenotype. Treatment with the NRF2 inhibitor ML385 abolished the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of the exosomes.
CONCLUSION: hUC-MSC-derived exosomes ameliorated LPS/H2 O2 -induced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress by inhibiting the microglial NRF2/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
All enrolled subjects will undergo SOC PET/CT scan with an AWSM PET device positioned at the far end of the Biograph Vision PET/CT scanner. The patient will receive injection of the PET radiopharmaceutical according to the SOC PET/CT protocol dosing schedule. The entire study will require approximately 2 ½ - 3 hours (from the time patient arrives to the completion of the scan).
All HIV infected patients will be treated with a darunavir/ritonavir (800/100 mg) once daily containing regimen. Darunavir/ritonavir concentrations will be measured simultaneously in CSF and plasma after 1 month of treatment. The treatment will be switched to darunavir/cobicistat (800/150 mg) once daily and darunavir/cobicistat levels will be measured in CSF and plasma after 1 month of treatment.