anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A process for obtaining dry extracts from the leaves of Cymbopogon nardus. The process comprises: i. Breaking down the leaves of Cymbopogon nardus in a solvent comprising an alcoholic organic solvent containing between 1 and 6 carbon atoms and water to obtain an extract; ii. Concentrating the extract by evaporating the organic solvent at a temperature from 35 to 45 degrees Celsius and at reduced pressure near vacuum; and iii. Lyophilizing the concentrated extract to obtain a dried extract. The alcoholic solvent can be ethanol or dipropylene glycol. The extract can be used in an antifungal or anti-trichomonicid pharmaceutical. The pharmaceutical can be used to treat Mycrosporum canis, M. ferrugineum, M. gypeum, Tricophytum mentagrophytes, T. raubistschecki, Trichosporum tonsurans, Candida albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis and Trichomonas vaginalis.
Pre-tests will be applied to the caregiver before the patient is discharged, and the first data will be obtained by observing during PEG care. Then, traditional training on PEG care will be given to the patient's relatives. The tests applied after this training will be applied again. Tests and observation forms will be applied in the 1st month and 3rd month after discharge. By making home visit the participant, recording will be video-recorded so that his identity will not be seen while he is doing PEG care, and the recording will be transcribed to the observation form by 2 blinded people other than the researcher.
An increased risk of myocardial infarction has been attributed to oral contraceptive use. This risk is primarily in smokers or women with other underlying risk factors for coronary-artery disease such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, morbid obesity, and diabetes. The relative risk of heart attack for current oral contraceptive users has been estimated to be two to six. The risk is very low under the age of 30. 

Smoking in combination with oral contraceptive use has been shown to contribute substantially to the incidence of myocardial infarction in women in their mid-thirties or older with smoking accounting for the majority of excess cases. Mortality rates associated with circulatory disease have been shown to increase substantially in smokers over the age of 35 and nonsmokers over the age of 40 (Figure 3) among women who use oral contraceptives.

Figure 3: Circulatory Disease Mortality Rates per 100,000 Woman Years by Age, Smoking Status and Oral Contraceptive Use

Adapted from P.M. Layde and V. Beral, Lancet, 1:541-546, 1981.

Oral contraceptives may compound the effects of well-known risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemias, age, and obesity. In particular, some progestogens are known to decrease HDL cholesterol and cause glucose intolerance, while estrogens may create a state of hyperinsulinism. Oral contraceptives have been shown to increase blood pressure among users (see section 10 in WARNINGS). Similar effects on risk factors have been associated with an increased risk of heart disease. Oral contraceptives must be used with caution in women with cardiovascular disease risk factors.
Women in the same group, equal numbers of those with or without epidurals, without accidental dural puncture, similar parity would constitute the control group. They would be chose at random, 10 times the number in the experimental group (n = 600).
A total of 144 patients ≥50 years old with ≥1 syncopal spell in the preceding year who lack a clear etiologic diagnosis for syncope and no clinically apparent structural heart disease will be randomized to first undergo HUT or to first receive an ICM in an open label, parallel group study. The primary outcome measure will be the establishment of a documented etiologic diagnosis of the cause of syncope, defined below. This will be a formal pragmatic study of two diagnostic strategies, designed around the PRECIS2 criteria. The key question addresses which test should be done first, and beyond that care will be left in the hands of the specialist physician with primary responsibility for assessing and managing syncope.

This is a Pragmatic Trial, which is a rigorous randomized trial method that enables the study of interventions in the real world. Pragmatic trials are designed to determine the effects of an intervention under the usual conditions in which it will be applied, in contrast to conventional explanatory biomedical trials that are designed to determine the effects of an intervention under ideal circumstances. The researcher's touchstone is usual syncope specialist management. There are 9 criteria of the PRECIS2 tool for pragmatic trials:1) similarity of eligibility criteria to usual care, 2) no extra recruitment effort, 3) similar setting to usual care, 4) similar health care organization and delivery to usual care, 5) similar flexibility to usual care, 6) similar flexibility in patient monitoring, 7) similar follow-up intensity to usual care, 8) direct relevance of primary outcome to participants, and 9) completeness of data inclusion. Each criterion is scored 1-5; the researchers provide these scores for each criterion. Study design and conduct are designed to resemble real clinical practice with its variable conduct and decision-making. The primary outcome is establishing a diagnosis by one of two recommended methods, and both methods have evidence-based criteria. the researchers will issue a brochure to remind investigators of the guidelines' criteria. Both have objective ECG criteria and tilt tests have BP criteria. Bias is a concern, and the Outcomes Adjudication Committee will adjudicate post hoc all results blindly.
The role of robotic surgery in the curative-intent treatment of esophageal cancer patients is yet to be defined. To compare short-term outcomes between conventional minimally invasive (cMIE) and robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) in esophageal cancer patients. PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were systematically searched. The included studies compared short-term outcomes between cMIE and RAMIE. Individual risk of bias was calculated using the MINORS and RoB2 scales. There were no statistically significant differences between RAMIE and cMIE regarding conversion to open procedure, mean number of harvested lymph nodes in the mediastinum, abdomen and along the right recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN), 30- and 90-day mortality rates, chyle leakage, RLN palsy as well as cardiac and infectious complication rates. Estimated blood loss (MD - 71.78 mL, p < 0.00001), total number of harvested lymph nodes (MD 2.18 nodes, p < 0.0001) and along the left RLN (MD 0.73 nodes, p = 0.03), pulmonary complications (RR 0.70, p = 0.001) and length of hospital stay (MD - 3.03 days, p < 0.0001) are outcomes that favored RAMIE. A significantly shorter operating time (MD 29.01 min, p = 0.004) and a lower rate of anastomotic leakage (RR 1.23, p = 0.0005) were seen in cMIE. RAMIE has indicated to be a safe and feasible alternative to cMIE, with a tendency towards superiority in blood loss, lymph node yield, pulmonary complications and length of hospital stay. There was significant heterogeneity among studies for some of the outcomes measured. Further studies are necessary to confirm these results and overcome current limitations.
A drug compsn. contains a protein-binding drug together with albumin as carrier, in the ratio (by weight) drug:albumin of 1-200:100 (pref. 5-200:100). A soln. of albumin and protein-binding drug in the proper proportion in a solvent (pref. water or water and a water-miscible organic solvent) (opt. together with a fatty acid or fatty oil, such as olive oil, soya oil, or a 8-30C fatty acid) is homogenised by stirring at high speed (pref. 5000-40000 rpm) and the solvent then distilled off.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a common genetic endocrine disorder, with 21-hydroxylase enzyme deficiency accounting for 95% of the cases. 21-hydroxylase deficiency presents with a spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from salt-wasting and virilization of female neonates (classic CAH) to symptomatic (precocious puberty, short stature, acne) or asymptomatic hyperandrogenemia (non-classic CAH). Classic CAH is characterized by impaired cortisol and mineralocorticoid biosynthesis, which triggers adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) hyper-secretion and accumulation of adrenal androgens. Glucocorticoid treatment of patients with classic CAH focuses on cortisol replacement and prevention of the ACTH-driven androgen excess. Current conventional glucocorticoid treatment regimens (short or long-acting agents dosed once, twice or thrice daily) have failed to simulate physiological cortisol secretion and suppress adrenal androgen overproduction, without supraphysiologic replacement. Short-term overtreatment with glucocorticoids can lead to iatrogenic Cushing syndrome and long-term use has been associated with the development of obesity, visceral adiposity, insulin resistance and osteoporosis. Isolated case reports have provided evidence that continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion (CSHI) can mimic physiologic cortisol release and lead to improved CAH control at doses similar to or lower than the traditional treatment. This pilot study aims to test the hypothesis that difficult-to-treat adult patients with classic CAH will have better adrenal androgen control and improved CAH and glucocorticoid-related comorbidities, when they receive near-physiologic cortisol replacement therapy via CSHI compared to conventional glucocorticoid treatment. In addition, this study will provide information on the safety and tolerability of CSHI, and will generate data that will be used in the design of future pediatric studies.
Participants will be eligible for a daily lottery if they have weighed themselves in the previous day on the e-scale. For each day of the study, participants will be informed of the study's randomly-generated winning lottery number and their winnings ($0, $2, $15 or not eligible for lottery due to lack of weighing). Participants will be given the Institute of Medicine gestational weight gain recommendation based on their body mass index at randomization, adjusted for data collection at 36 weeks. If they achieve the goal at 36 weeks, they will receive $112 after the data collection visit.
Participants first received food made by 50 g whole grain wheat flour during breakfast in a fasting state. Standardized meals were provided to the volunteers from the dinner of the day before the intervention day, as well as up to 48 h after the administration of the test food. After a washout period of 5 days, volunteers followed a 2-day restricted diet before the intervention day. Participants then received food made by 50 g refined grain wheat flour in a fasting state.
This study comprises two parts: PHENIX-I: To compare the outcomes of managements with and without pelvic lymphadenectomy for patients with negative sentinel lymph node; PHENIX-II: To compare the outcomes of managements with and without pelvic lymphadenectomy for patients with positive sentinel lymph node. Patients with newly diagnosed International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IA1 (lymphovascular space involvement), IA2, IB1, and IB2 cervical cancer are eligible for our study. The tumor diameter should be less than 3cm. Sentinel lymph node biopsy will be performed at the beginning of operations. After pathological examination of frozen section, patients will be assigned to PHENIX-I or PHENIX-II study according to their status of sentinel nodes. In both parts of this trail, patients have equal chance to be randomly assigned to experimental arms (radical hysterectomy only) and reference arms (radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy).Adjuvant treatments will be planned according to postoperative pathological factors. The primary objective is disease-free survival at 3 years for PHENIX-I and 2 years for PHENIX-II. The secondary end points are overall survival, long-term outcome of sentinel lymph node biopsy and the quality of life.
Obesity, and the associated metabolic syndrome, is a risk factor for increased disease severity with a variety of infectious agents, including influenza virus. Yet, the mechanisms are only partially understood. As the number of people, particularly children, living with obesity continues to rise, it is critical to understand the role of host status on disease pathogenesis. In these studies, we use a diet-induced obese ferret model and tools to demonstrate that, like humans, obesity resulted in notable changes to the lung microenvironment, leading to increased clinical disease and viral spread to the lower respiratory tract. The decreased antiviral responses also resulted in obese animals shedding higher infectious virus for a longer period, making them more likely to transmit to contacts. These data suggest that the obese ferret model may be crucial to understanding obesity's impact on influenza disease severity and community transmission and a key tool for therapeutic and intervention development for this high-risk population.
BACKGROUND: Supplementation with β-hydroxy β-methyl butyrate (HMB) appears to be effective in preserving muscle in older adults. However, the association between endogenously produced HMB with frailty has not been studied in people with chronic disease.
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to explore whether an association exists between endogenous HMB levels and frailty status in older adults with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
METHODS: Data were taken from the Toledo Study of Healthy Ageing, a community-dwelling aged (65 years+) cohort. Frailty was assessed at baseline and at 2.99 median years according to the Frailty Phenotype (FP) standardized to our population and the Frailty Trait Scale 12 (FTS12). The associations between HMB levels and frailty were assessed using three nested multivariate logistic regressions and segmented by sex. Glucose, HMB and glucose interaction, age and body composition were used as covariables.
RESULTS: 255 participants (mean age 75.3 years, 52.94% men) were included. HMB levels showed an inverse cross-sectional association with frailty, which was modified when the interaction term HMB*glucose was included, remaining significant only for FTS12 [OR (95% CI): 0.436 (0.253, 0.751), p-value 0.003]. The association between HMB endogenous levels and FTS12 appears to be independent of sex, in which the association was maintained after adjusting for the covariates. However, there appears to be threshold points for glucose levels, above which the protective effect of HMB is lost: 145.4 mg/dl adjusted by gender for the whole sample and 149.6 mg/dl and 138.9 mg/dl for men and women, respectively. Endogenous HMB levels were not found to be associated with incident frailty.
CONCLUSIONS: Cross-sectional analysis revealed that endogenous HMB levels were inversely associated with frailty as assessed by the FTS12 in older people with T2DM. This association was found to be dependent on circulating fasted glucose levels.
PURPOSE:A safe hair cosmetic, containing an extract of dishcloth gourd but no antimicrobial agent or germicide and useful for preventing dandruff. CONSTITUTION:A hair cosmetic obtained by incorporating an extract obtained from leaves, stems, roots and preferably fruits of cucurbitaceous dishcloth gourd with other components. The first extraction is carried out by digesting the dishcloth gourd raw material in water, alcohol, etc., and the resultant material is filtered and concentrated. The resultant first extract is then suspended in water and subjected to hydrophobic chromatography or molecular sieves, and the adsorbed part is eluted with water and then methyl alcohol to give the second extract, which is then dissolved in methyl alcohol and subjected to hydrophobic chromatography or molecular sieves. The unadsorbed part is then concentrated to give the third extract. These dishcloth gourd extracts are incorporated in the following amounts based on the total composition of the cosmetic; about 10wt% first extract, about 2.5wt% second extract and about 0.8wt% third extract. The use of the first and second extracts is preferred from the cost viewpoint.
PURPOSE: Aseptic bone flap necrosis (ABFN) is a common complication of autologous cranioplasty that often requires reoperation. This study aimed to create a risk score for ABFN using relevant demographic, clinical, and laboratory markers.
METHODS: We included all patients who underwent autologous cranioplasty after decompressive surgery between 2007 and 2019. We collected laboratory data, initial clinical diagnoses, and demographic parameters before autologous bone flap reimplantation. The significant predictors of ABFN identified in the final multivariate analysis were used to develop a risk score.
RESULTS: Of the 412 patients who underwent craniectomy, 58 (14%, 32 females: 55.2%) developed ABFN. The following independent predictors of ABFN were included in the risk score (0-7 points): craniectomy due to trauma or hemorrhagic stroke (2 points), younger age (< 40 years, 2 points), cranioplasty timing (> 95 days post-craniectomy, 1 point), glutamate-pyruvate transferase < 18 U/L (1 point), and serum creatinine level < 0.815 mg/dL (1 point). The ABFN rates in patients with scores of 0-2, 3-4, and 5-7 points were 4.2%, 16.1%, and 34.6%, respectively. The risk score demonstrated moderate diagnostic accuracy for predicting ABFN, with an area under the curve of 0.739.
CONCLUSION: The proposed risk score may help in early identification of individuals prone to ABFN. These data suggest that future studies should investigate the significance of metabolic syndromes related to ABFN occurrence. Understanding the potential impact of metabolic factors on ABFN can enhance risk assessment and targeted preventive measures for patients undergoing cranioplasty procedures.
The present invention relates to a FGF-13 protein which is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. In particular, isolated nucleic acid molecules are provided encoding the human FGF-13 protein. FGF-13 polypeptides are also provided as are vectors, host cells and recombinant methods for producing the same. The invention further relates to screening methods for identifying agonists and antagonists of FGF-13 activity. Also provided are diagnostic methods for detecting FGF-13-related disorders and therapeutic methods for treating FGF-13-related disorders. Disclosed is a method of prolonging dopaminergic neuron survival.
Pharmaceutical compositions comprising, and methods using, adrenergic compounds and complement compounds. Embodiments include compositions comprising 1 subefficacious amount of an adrenergic compounds; and a safe an d effective amount of a complement to said adrenergic compound. Other embodiments include compositions comprising: (a) a safe and effective amount  of an adrenergic compound; and (b) a complement to said adrenergic compound,  selected from the group consisting of a hyperpreserving amount of an ascorbate, a safe and effective amount of an opioid, a hyperpreserving amoun t of a polycarboxylic acid chelater, a safe and effective amount of D-ribose a nd adenosine derivatives, and mixture thereof. Methods are also provided for regulating an adrenergic receptor in a human or other animal, comprising the  administration of: (c) a low dose of an adrenergic compound; and (d) a safe and effective amount of a complement to said adrenergic compound. Preferably , the adrenergic compound is a catecholamine. Preferred complements include ascorbates, particularly ascorbic acid. Methods include the treatment of neurological disorders, hypotension, forward failure, backward failure, congestive heart failure, shock, hypertension, hemmorhage, disorders associated with anesthesia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, colic, Crohn's disease, anaphylaxis, interstitial cystitis, overactive bladd er syndrome, premature labor, myethsenia gravis, and glaucoma.
PURPOSE: A composition containing a serotonin-based compound extracted from Carthami Flos which does not induce skin irritation or skin disease caused by cytotoxicity is provided. The serotonin-based compound is free from an adverse effect, effectively inhibits tyrosinase activity and exhibits an excellent antioxidant effect, the composition can be thus used as a cosmetic having skin-ageing preventing, skin protecting and skin whitening function. CONSTITUTION: About 1 to 5 parts by weight of deoiled cake of Carthami Flos is extracted in 10 to 50 parts by weight of a C1-5 aliphatic alcohol-based solvent. The extract is concentrated and fractioned into a C3-6 aliphatic ester-based solvent or C2-6 aliphatic ether-based solvent and water. Then a fraction having inhibitory activities against tyrosinase is separated therefrom by chromatography. Thus obtained compound of a formula(1) is used as a skin whitening agent, a melanin formation inhibiting agent, an antioxidant or the like. In formula, R1 is H, R2 is H or OCH3 and R3 is H.
This is a double-blind randomized trial of intravaginal estrogen (conjugated estrogens, 0.625mg/1g cream) vs. placebo in postmenopausal women (up to n=222 enrolled and randomized in order for 188 to undergo surgery) with symptomatic prolapse beyond the hymen planning transvaginal native tissue repairs. Medication will be started \>5 weeks before surgery and continued for 1 year postoperatively, i.e. until scar remodeling is complete. The investigators aim to determine if pre- and postoperative intravaginal estrogen therapy (i) results in anatomic and patient-reported subjective improvement in pelvic organ support, and (ii) impacts other pelvic floor disorders (overactive bladder and incontinence, sexual function and pain, postoperative cystitis), satisfaction, quality of life, and vaginal wound healing. Finally, (iii) the investigators will determine the potential mechanisms by which local estrogen treatment alters pelvic organ support by examining full-thickness vaginal wall biopsies taken at the time of surgery for histologic, connective tissue, and smooth muscle synthesis and degradative changes. The investigators expect this will highlight other novel targets for future therapies in prolapse repair and prevention.
PURPOSE: To obtain a pearlescent pigment which is excellent in brightness and color distinctness and does not make the complementary color cloudy by making the edge thinner than the center part of each flake of a pearlescent pigment obtd. by covering a synthetic mica flake with a metal oxide. CONSTITUTION: In a pearlescent pigment obtd. by covering a synthetic mica flake 1 with a metal oxide 2, the thickness (a) of the center part is made smaller than that (b) of the edge. The thickness may be decreased gradually from the center part to the edge or suddenly near the edge, and the ratio of b/a is pref. 0.9 or lower. In order to obtain such a pearlescent pigment, the thickness of the center part of the mica flake itself is required to be smaller than that of the edge. Such a mica is obtd., e.g. by pulverizing synthetic mica flakes by the surface grinding method using a fluidized-bed jet mill to thereby reduce the thickness of the edge to smaller than that of the center part by the mutual collision of the mica flakes.