anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Lianhuaqingwen (LHQW) has been used in the treatment of chronic bronchitis, but the precise mechanism through which LHQW exhibits its anti-inflammatory effects in this context is not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the active ingredients and signaling pathways responsible for LHQW's effectiveness in managing chronic bronchitis.
METHODS: The research leveraged the TCMSP database to determine the active compounds and drug targets of LHQW. In parallel, the GeneCards, DrugBank, and PharmGkb databases were used to uncover targets pertinent to chronic bronchitis. To discern the potential mechanisms by which LHQW's active ingredients might treat chronic bronchitis, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed. Network pharmacology facilitated the construction of a drug-active ingredient-disease target network, aiding in forecasting the core targets for chronic bronchitis treatment by LHQW. Subsequently, molecular docking techniques alongside in vitro experiments were applied to confirm the interactions between the active ingredients and the primary targets.
RESULTS: A total of 157 active ingredients, 225 potential drug targets, and 594 bronchitis-related targets were derived from various databases. Following this, 76 potential gene targets were pinpointed by integrating drug and related targets. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were employed to identify key pathways involved in LHQW's mechanism for treating chronic bronchitis. By constructing a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network for the 76 potential gene targets, four core targets (TNF, IL6, IFNG, and STAT3) were identified as primarily involved in responses to lipopolysaccharide, the TNF pathway, and the JAK-STAT pathway. Molecular docking results revealed a favorable affinity between multiple active ingredients of LHQW and the four core targets, suggesting that the therapeutic effects are mediated through the inhibition of inflammatory responses and signaling pathways. Interestingly, quercetin, an active ingredient of LHQW, was observed to bind to all four core targets simultaneously. Furthermore, cell experiment and western blot analysis indicated that both LHQW and quercetin exhibit anti-inflammatory effects by targeting the four core proteins and the JAK-STAT pathways.
CONCLUSION: This research emphasizes the diverse active ingredients, targets, channels, and pathways of LHQW in the treatment of chronic bronchitis, providing important perspectives for the creation of novel therapeutic drugs and clinical uses.
Supportive Stress Management. The treatment modality was individual, face-to-face therapy with an experienced psychotherapist. Treatment consisted of up to 12 weekly, hour-long sessions.
Electronic exercise program designed by training therapists. These exercises will be assigned to the participants electronically using a commercial home exercise program platform commonly used by hospital systems (i.e.: Medbridge). They will be encouraged to exercise for 30 min/day in addition to the regular rehabilitation therapy at Acute Rehab Unit (ARU), although this is not required or limited to 30 minutes. Therapists may adjust the difficulty of exercise program to provide additional challenge as they deem suitable for the participant. Once participants are discharged from the unit, they will be allowed to keep the electronic exercise program until their 3-month post stroke follow up visit, the last visit of the study.
The present invention relates to an ointment for preventing and curing silkworker's dermatitis. The ointment is prepared from the substances of procaine, royal jelly, boracic acid, triethanolmine, salicylic acid, zinc oxide, dexamethasone, vaseline, etc. The ointment can continuously take the function of drug effect. The ointment has the advantages of quick effect, small dosage, high therapeutic effect and no toxic or side effect. The therapeutic effect can not be influenced by the differences of geography, weather, water quality, cocoon quality, etc. In addition, the ointment can be used in the trades of beauty treatment, hairdressing and bristle processing and for the prevention and cure of dermatoses, such as buttocks tinea, hand and food tinea, cracking of the skin, scrotal eczema, eczema of crissum, etc.
Simulated daylight photodynamic therapy is a relatively new and potentially less painful alternative to conventional red light photodynamic therapy for actinic keratosis. Qualitative research exploring patient experiences of pain and skin reactions during these treatments is scarce. To address this, semi-structured interviews were conducted of 10 patients aged 60-81 years with symmetrically distributed actinic keratoses 4 weeks after split-face treatment with conventional red light photodynamic therapy and simulated daylight photodynamic therapy. The participants were recruited from an ongoing clinical randomized trial. Interviews (median length 35 min) were conducted between June 2022 and January 2023, audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed qualitatively using content analysis, as described by Graneheim and Lundman. Participants reported that conventional red light photodynamic therapy was very painful during illumination and transiently painful in the post-treatment period, while simulated daylight photodynamic therapy was almost painless during illumination and led to minor post-treatment pain. Also, skin reactions were more intense and longer-lasting with conventional red light photodynamic therapy than with simulated daylight photodynamic therapy. Most participants expressed a treatment preference for simulated daylight photodynamic therapy but had reservations about its unestablished long-term effectiveness. This study underscores the considerable pain associated with conventional red light photodynamic therapy, and the pivotal importance of shared decision-making when selecting the most appropriate treatment.
Participants enrolled in the Phase I trial will receive GM.CD40L.CCL21 vaccinations on 3 occasions, at 2 week intervals. Note for the phase I portion: the use of steroid medication is to be avoided for 4 weeks prior to the initiation of vaccine therapy and during the vaccine treatment period.
The health benefits of physical exercise in the non-pregnant population are generally appreciated but its influence during pregnancy has not been clearly demonstrated. The focus of this proposal is to obtain for the first time a comprehensive understanding of the influence of regular physical exercise during pregnancy on cardiovascular, haemodynamic and autonomic nervous system (CHANS) parameters during pregnancy and following childbirth. This will involve assessing heart rate variability and cardiac stroke volume. This study will allow the investigators to compare CHANS parameters in pregnant women who are randomly assigned into three groups: a 'standard care' group and two groups who engage in a supervised programme of physical exercise (either land-based or water-based). The investigators will assess CHANS parameters at three stages during pregnancy and on one occasion following childbirth. This will allow the influence of regular (weekly) physical exercise on CHANS physiology to be assessed during advancing gestation. The investigators will thus use this study to provide initial evidence of the health benefits of regular and specific forms of antenatal physical exercise.
INTRODUCTION: Osteoporosis poses a significant health concern, especially for individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD disrupts mineral and bone metabolism, heightening the risk of fractures and complicating the management of osteoporosis. While anti-osteoporotic interventions aim to address bone health in CKD patients, ongoing research is essential to understand the comparative efficacy and safety of these medications, particularly in different CKD stages, notably in stages 4 and 5.
METHODS: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane CENTRAL for randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy and safety of osteoporosis interventions in CKD up to June 15, 2024. The analysis utilized the pooled odds ratio (OR) along with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI), employing Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software, version 3.0. To assess heterogeneity in the results of individual studies, we used Cochran's Q statistic and the I2 statistic.
RESULTS: We analyzed 12 randomized controlled trials involving 31,027 participants, revealing a significantly lower risk of vertebral fractures with anti-osteoporotic agents (teriparatide, denosumab, romosozumab, raloxifene) compared to placebo (pooled OR, 0.28 [95% CI, 0.22-0.36]). Stratification by CKD stages showed a lower risk in Stages 1-3 but no significant reduction in stages 4 and 5. Teriparatide, denosumab, and romosozumab were effective in lowering fracture risk, whereas Raloxifene showed no significant effect. The lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip BMD showed no significant differences between anti-osteoporotic agents (denosumab, raloxifene, risedronate, alendronate, teriparatide) and placebo. However, romosozumab demonstrated a significantly greater BMD change in all kidney function categories. No reported side effects were observed in CKD stages 1-5 across the trials.
CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis highlights the effectiveness of anti-osteoporotic agents in lowering vertebral fracture risk in CKD patients, particularly in stages 1-3. However, this benefit is not apparent in stages 4 and 5, necessitating further research. Despite the absence of reported side effects in CKD patients, clinicians should carefully assess the suitability of these medications, considering individual risks and benefits.
Disclosed is a series of nucleic acid probes for use in diagnosing and monitoring certain types of leukemia using, e.g., Southern and Northern blot analyses and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). These probes detect rearrangements, such as translocations involving chromosome band 11q23 with other chromosomes bands, including 4q21, 6q27, 9p22, 19p13.3, in both dividing leukemic cells and interphase nuclei. The breakpoints in all such translocations are clustered within an 8.3 kb BamHI genomic region of the MLL gene. A novel 0.7 kb BamHI cDNA fragment derived from this gene detects rearrangements on Southern blot analysis with a single BamHI restriction digest in all patients with the common 11q23 translocations and in patients with other 11q23 anomalies. Northern blot analyses are presented demonstrating that the MLL gene has multiple transcripts and that transcript size differentiates leukemic cells from normal cells. Also disclosed are MLL fusion proteins, MLL protein domains and anti-MLL antibodies.
OBJECTIVES: About 17% of patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which is mainly comprised of oropharyngeal SCC (OPSCC), will experience disease recurrence, which is often considered incurable when manifested at a metastatic and/or recurrent stage. We conducted a critical qualitative systematic review. Our objectives were to provide an overview of the molecular landscape of recurrent/metastatic HPV-positive HNSCC as well as novel molecular biomarkers.
DESIGN: A literature review was conducted to identify studies reporting on the molecular characteristics of recurrent/metastatic HPV-positive HNSCC, novel molecular biomarkers and treatment options. The reviews of abstracts, full articles, and revision of the included studies, followed by data extraction and quality assessment were performed by three independent assessors. All primary literature, such as retrospective, prospective, and clinical trials as well as basic research studies were considered, and the final search was conducted at the end of February 2023. The level of evidence was rated using the guidelines published by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine and quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The literature search resulted in the identification of 1991 articles. A total of 181 full articles were screened, and 66 articles were included in this analysis. Several studies reported that recurrent/metastatic HPV-positive HNSCC had higher rates of TP53 mutation and were genomically similar to HPV-negative HNSCC. The detection of circulating tumour tissue-modified HPV DNA (ctHPVDNA) as a specific biomarker has shown promising results for monitoring treatment response and recurrence in the subset of HPV-positive HNSCC. In addition, evidence for targeted therapy in recurrent/metastatic HPV-positive HNSCC has emerged, including agents that inhibit overexpressed EGFR. Studies of combination immunotherapy are also underway. Our review outlines the latest evidence on the distinct molecular profiles of recurrent/metastatic HPV-positive HNSCC as well as the clinical potential of ctHPVDNA testing in routine practice. More controlled and longitudinal studies are needed to identify additional molecular targets and to assess the performance and benefits of novel molecular biomarkers in clinical practice.
<PICT:0648268/IV (b)/1> Vitamin concentrates are produced from vitamin-containing oils by fractionation with a relatively low-boiling solvent in a countercurrent contacting zone to form counter-flowing extract and raffinate phases, the extract phase flowing upward under conditions of substantially constant temperature in a range near the critical temperature in which solubility decreases as temperature increases and, after withdrawal of the extract phase from the contacting zone, the solvent content of at least part thereof being reduced to produce reflux liquid which is returned to the fractionation zone to flow in countercurrent to the extract phase and in sufficient quantity to determine the fractionation of the oil between it and the raffinate phase.  The extraction and fractionation may take place in a tower 1 into which oil and solvent (both preferably preheated) are introduced at 4 and 2 respectively and from the top of which the extract phase is withdrawn into a vessel 12 where at least part of the solvent is distilled off, the residue, or part thereof, being returned to the tower through pipe 18.  Usually at the commencement of the operation valves 9 and 17 are kept closed so that refluxing is complete, but when equilibrium has been established one or both of them is or are opened and part of the concentrate withdrawn therethrough.  Alternatively the establishment of equilibrium p  conditions may be effected by adjustment of the temperature in the tower or the solvent: oil feed ratio.  The oil from which the vitamins have been removed is withdrawn through valve 7, by means of which the level of the surface thereof in the tower may be regulated to any desired point from below the solvent charging point to above the oil charging point. Preferred solvents are low-boiling paraffins, e.g. methane, ethane, butanes, pentanes or especially propane.  The process is applicable to the treatment of animal (including fish) and vegetable oils, e.g. to the extraction of vitamin A from shark liver oil or of vitamins A and D from cod or halibut liver oils, and particularly to the treatment of fish body oils.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also a process substantially identical with that of the parent Specification, and the following further modifications: (a) controlling the fractionation by varying the pressure; (b) carrying out the process otherwise than in vertical countercurrent, i.e. by pumping the solvent and oil through a series of separate contact zones, which may or may not be maintained under the same conditions of temperature and pressure. Additional oils and solvents specified are: sardine oil, menhaden oil; low-boiling olefine hydrocarbons, dimethyl ether, dichlorodifluoromethane, methyl fluoride, ammonia.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
An agent for strengthening bone and tooth tissue and protecting mineralised tissues from decalcification and interference with mineralisation by oral administration. Prevention of dental caries and bone decalcification. The introduction of a limited amt. of F into the mineral salts of the skeleton and teeth leads to a distinct cryst. structure and reduced solubility and is a protection against demineralisation (osteoporosis) and dental caries. It has been noted that comparison of low and high amts. of F in water shows the occurrence of X-ray revealed arteriosclerosis to be less with the higher amts. but irritation of the stomach and intestines is produced. Hitherto simple fluorides, chiefly NaF have been used and administration of Ca and Fe is incompatible with this, the absorption of F ions being prevented by pptn. of insol. fluorides. These disadvantages are avoided by the use of monofluorophosphates of Na, K or NH4 and organic substances that form gels with water or stomach juices, e.g. starch, polysaccharides, carboxymethylcellulose etc. and the water-sol. Ca salts of organic acids which in the mixture form a complex. Suitable acids are specifically citric and gluconic. The mixture contains 0.25-20 mg. F as monofluorophosphate in a vol. of 10 ml. with an amt. of gel-forming substance sufficient to produce a 500-100-fold increase of viscosity in water. The amt. of Ca salt is such as to exceed the ratio of 2 atoms Ca per 1 atom of P by 10-50 fold. The mixture may also contain one or more non-toxic water-sol. compatible compds. preferably Mg and Fe citrate or gluconate and vitamins A, B, C and D, particularly D may also be added.
Respiratory depression is the chief hazard of hydromorphone hydrochloride tablets. Respiratory depression is more likely to occur in the elderly, in the debilitated, and in those suffering from conditions accompanied by hypoxia or hypercapnia when even moderate therapeutic doses may dangerously decrease pulmonary ventilation.

Hydromorphone hydrochloride tablets should be used with extreme caution in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or cor pulmonale, patients having a substantially decreased respiratory reserve, hypoxia, hypercapnia, or in patients with preexisting respiratory depression. In such patients, even usual therapeutic doses of opioid analgesics may decrease respiratory drive while simultaneously increasing airway resistance to the point of apnea.

Hydromorphone hydrochloride tablets contain hydromorphone, which is a potent Schedule II controlled opioid agonist. Schedule II opioid agonists, including morphine, oxymorphone, oxycodone, fentanyl, and methadone, have the highest potential for abuse and risk of producing respiratory depression. Alcohol, other opioids and central nervous system depressants (sedative-hypnotics) potentiate the respiratory depressant effects of hydromorphone, increasing the risk of respiratory depression that might result in death.
PA patients with suspicion of aldosterone overproduction in their left adrenal, but without fulfilling the strict AVS lateralization criteria, either due to a non-representative AVS, or a representative AVS but without significant left-sided lateralization (LI \< 4), and where the study investigators consider EUS-RFA treatment as an aldosterone-reducing procedure to be of high potential clinical and biochemical benefit for the patient, will be included in this study group after signed consent. EUS will be performed. If EUS identifies an adrenal nodule in the left adrenal, an EUS-guided fine needle tissue sampling of the adenoma will be performed, before a subsequent EUS-RFA treatment procedure. Follow-up after 2 weeks, 3 months and 12 months for evaluation of clinical and biochemical outcome, and procedural complications.
The oocytes obtained from the patients allocated to this group will be subdivided again in two groups Group 1a: Oocytes treated with SIGMA ionomycin (treatment). Group 1b: Oocytes that will not be treated with any activator (Control).
PURPOSE: A medicinal composition improved in patient compliance by mixing a medicinal component as a physiologically active substance causing discomfort during taking medicines and a stomachic herbal component is provided. The stomachic herbal composition acts as a palatability enhancer for the physiologically active substance while maintaining original stomachic effect, thereby reducing the amount of additives such as sweeteners to be used. The physiologically active substance causing discomfort reduces adverse side effects and masks an unpleasant taste, thereby improves patient compliances. CONSTITUTION: The medicinal composition improved in patient compliance comprises: 1 part by weight of a medicinal component causing discomfort during taking medicines; and 0.2 to 2 parts by weight of a stomachic herbal component that promotes digestion and strengthen the stomach. The medicinal component causing discomfort is a gastrointestinal drug component. The stomachic herbal component is a mixture of herbs selected from Cinnamomi Cortex, Caryophylli Flos, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Foeniculum vulgare, Gentiana lutea, Rhizoma curcumae longae, Zanthoxylum schinifolium, Fructus Aurantii Immaturus and the like.
A prospective, blinded, intraindividual controlled study is conducted with patients with transthoracic esophagectomy due to esophageal cancer. A radiographic contrast study is performed prior to endoscopy at the 5th to 7th postoperative day.
The safety and effectiveness of vilazodone have not been established in pediatric patients for the treatment of MDD.

Efficacy was not demonstrated in two adequate and well controlled, 8-week studies including a total of 1002 pediatric patients ages 7 years to 17 years of age with MDD. The following adverse reactions were reported in at least 5% of pediatric patients treated with vilazodone and occurred at a rate at least twice that for pediatric patients receiving placebo: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain/discomfort, and dizziness.   
Antidepressants increased the risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in pediatric patients [see Boxed Warning, Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1) and Adverse Reactions ( 6.2)] . 

Juvenile Animal Toxicity Data

In a juvenile animal study, male and female rats were treated with vilazodone (10, 50, and 200 mg/kg/day) starting on postnatal day (PND) 21 through 90. A delay in the age of attainment of vaginal patency (i.e. sexual maturation) was observed in females starting at 50 mg/kg/day with a No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) of 10 mg/kg/day. This NOAEL was associated with AUC levels similar to those measured at a maximum dose tested in pediatrics (30 mg). Adverse behavioral effects (lack of habituation in an acoustic startle test) were observed in males at 200 mg/kg and females starting at 50 mg/kg both during drug treatment and the recovery periods. The NOAEL for this finding was 50 mg/kg for males and 10 mg/kg for females, which was associated with AUC levels greater than (males) or similar (females), to those observed with the maximum dose tested in pediatric patients. An 8% decrease in femur mineral density was observed in female rats at 200 mg/kg, compared to the control group. The NOAEL for this finding was 50 mg/kg, which was associated with an AUC level greater than those measured at the maximum dose tested in pediatrics.
Arm 3: Therapist-directed individualized cognitive rehabilitation. Individuals assigned to treatment arm 3 will receive 10 hours of individual and group cognitive rehabilitation treatment (including homework assignments) per week conducted by credentialed speech therapists and occupational therapists. The treatment components will include five hours of weekly individual therapy (one-hour sessions; two hours focused on compensatory strategies and three hours focused on restorative strategies), two hours of weekly group therapy (one hour sessions focused on compensatory strategies), and three hours of weekly computer-based "homework" proctored by clinic staff who will be responsible for recording performance, and providing positive reinforcement of participation and effort.