anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Gemifloxacin has in vitro activity against a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms. Gemifloxacin is bactericidal with minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) generally within one dilution of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Gemifloxacin acts by inhibiting DNA synthesis through the inhibition of both DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV (TOPO IV), which are essential for bacterial growth. Streptococcus pneumoniae showing mutations in both DNA gyrase and TOPO IV (double mutants) are resistant to most fluoroquinolones. Gemifloxacin has the ability to inhibit both enzyme systems at therapeutically relevant drug levels in S. pneumoniae (dual targeting), and has MIC values that are still in the susceptible range for some of these double mutants. However, the presence of double mutants was not evaluated in clinical trials; therefore, the clinical significance of these in vitro data are unknown.

The mechanism of action of quinolones, including gemifloxacin, is different from that of macrolides, beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, or tetracyclines; therefore, microorganisms resistant to these classes of drugs may be susceptible to gemifloxacin and other quinolones. There is no known cross-resistance between gemifloxacin and the above mentioned classes of antimicrobials.

The main mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance is due to mutations in DNA gyrase and/or TOPO IV. Resistance to gemifloxacin develops slowly via multistep mutations and efflux in a manner similar to other fluoroquinolones. The frequency of spontaneous mutation is low (10-7 to <10-10). Although cross-resistance has been observed between gemifloxacin and other fluoroquinolones, some microorganisms resistant to other fluoroquinolones may be susceptible to gemifloxacin.

Gemifloxacin has been shown to be active against most strains of the following microorganisms, both in vitro and in clinical infections as described in the INDICATIONS AND USAGE section.
BACKGROUND: Conservative treatment of chronic pancreatitis has only a limited effect in most patients. Surgery offers very good long-term results, even in the early stages of the disease. Unfortunately, only a minority of patients undergo surgical treatment. The aim of this work was to summarise the current treatment options for patients with an inflammatory mass of the pancreatic head. Data from patients in our study demonstrates that the surgery is a safe method, and here we compare the perioperative and early postoperative outcomes of patients who underwent a pancreatoduodenectomy and duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection for chronic pancreatitis.
METHODS: All patients who underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy or a duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection in our department between 2014 and 2022 were included in this study. Perioperative and early postoperative results were statistically analysed and compared.
RESULTS: Thirty-eight pancreaticoduodenectomies and 23 duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resections were performed. The overall mortality was 3%, whereas the in-hospital mortality after pancreaticoduodenectomy was 5%. The mortality after duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection was 0%. No statistically significant differences in the hospital stay, blood loss, and serious morbidity were found in either surgery. Operative time was significantly shorter in the duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection group.
CONCLUSIONS: Both pancreatoduodenectomy and duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection are safe treatment options. Duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection showed a statistically significant superiority in the operative time compared to pancreaticoduodenectomy. Although other monitored parameters did not show a statistically significant difference, the high risk of complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy with a mortality of 5%; maintenance of the duodenum and upper loop of jejunum, and lower risk of metabolic dysfunctions after duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection may favour duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection in recommended diagnoses. Attending physicians should be more encouraged to use a multidisciplinary approach to assess the suitability of surgical treatment in patients with chronic pancreatitis.
The present invention provides Chinese medicinal powder for treating facial neural paralysis. The technical scheme of the present invention comprises 2 to 8 g of radix sileris, 2 to 8g of cinnamon, 1 to 6g of cinnabar and 1 to 6g of bletilla striata. When used, the Chinese medicinal powder for treating facial neural paralysis is ground into fine power for mixing, and the fine powder is mixed with water into the shape of a dough to be externally applied to the face of a patient by pressing acupoints and changed once every day. If cured in time, the patient can generally be cured recover by applying the medicinal powder for 3 to 4 days and the serious patient can be cured within 7 days. Compared with the existing medicine and medical skill for treating facial neural paralysis, the Chinese medicinal powder for treating facial neural paralysis has the advantages of rapid effect, recovery without any aftereffect, high safety of medication and no side effect. Compared with acupuncture and prescription plaster, the treatment time of the Chinese medicinal powder for treating facial neural paralysis is shortened by 10 to 30 days. The present invention is also characterized in that the medicinal dough is not attached to skin for the cured patient, but is difficult to disengage from the skin for the patient who is not cured, so the treatment time of medication is conveniently mastered.
This study is being conducted to learn more about how mindful breathing might be related to the ability to produce names for pictured objects. Up to 200 participants between ages 18-35 or 60-80 who are native, fluent speakers of English will engage with an exercise about mindful breathing or an auditory presentation. They will then name pictured objects as quickly as they can. Sessions will be audio recorded for later scoring. Participants will also complete demographics forms, a vocabulary test, and a measure of their current anxiety. Those over age 60 will also complete a cognitive function assessment. Participants will be wearing equipment on their finger to monitor their heart rate throughout the study. Participation will take approximately 1 hour.
Combined with careful clinical examination, electrophysiology and histopathology have rendered the peripheral nervous system the best studied and most accessible level of the nervous system. But even after intensive diagnostic evaluation of peripheral neuropathies in large diagnostic centers, 24 to 70% of disorders remain unclassified. Analogous statistics for disorders of muscle and neuromuscular transmission are not known but probably similar, if not worse. Clearly, detailed diagnostic characterization of disorders of the peripheral nervous system is the first stage in clinical intervention.

Currently, the EMG Laboratory at the NIH offers complete clinical, electrophysiologic, and, when appropriate, pathologic evaluations on all referrals from the other Branches and Institutes. Since these referrals come primarily from within the NIH, most disorders are secondary to other systemic disease. This protocol is designed to extend the services to direct referrals of primary disorders of the peripheral nervous system. The purposes are first, to learn more about established diseases; second, to identify and characterize new diseases; third, to assess current methodologies and technologies; and fourth, to refine old methods and develop new ones. Under this umbrella protocol, individual cases and clinical series can be investigated.
After receiving one session of Brief Advice (BA), participants will be assessed at week 4 for response to this treatment. Those who are deemed non-responders to the BA will be randomly assigned to receive either Motivational Interviewing (MI) or more BA. In this arm, participants will receive two sessions of MI.
Administering anesthetic drugs to suppress consciousness is an imperatively important step in major surgical operations. Yet the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie loss of consciousness under general anesthesia remain elusive. Despite advancements in understanding the molecular, synaptic, and cellular effects of anesthetics, the large-scale, systems-level modulation of neuronal processes that support conscious cognitive functions is incompletely understood. While profound decreases in global and regional brain metabolism, blood flow, and functional connectivity have been reported, these changes often fail to correlate with the loss and return of consciousness. To date, there is no "consciousness meter" or "gold standard" to objectively assess and monitor the level of consciousness under general anesthesia. Several studies suggest that residual cognitive functions may not completely vanish under general anesthesia; however, the level and complexity of residual information processing in the anesthetized brain remains unknown. Finally, the neurobiological mechanisms that govern anesthesia induction and emergence appear to be partially different, but the relevance of these differences to the modulation of the state of consciousness is unclear.
The invention relates to machine learning capable of detecting infusion pump mis-loading. A method may include: one or more images of a pump loaded with an infusion set are taken by a camera located on the infusion pump. The machine learning model may be applied to the images to detect non-compliance conditions that may exist in the images of a pump loaded with an infusion set. Examples of non-compliance include mis-loading of an intravenous set, where the upper fitting, lower fitting, and/or tubing of the intravenous set is incorrectly disposed within the pump. In response to the output of the machine learning model indicating that there is an inconsistency in one or more images of an infusion pump loaded with an infusion set, a corrective action may be performed. For example, the pump may be prevented from performing an infusion and a message may be generated identifying the non-compliance condition. Related methods and articles of manufacture are also disclosed.
This study aims to investigate the health effect of oral l-tryptophan supplementation on workers who rotate night shift work, and to examine the influences of different frequencies and timings of supplementation on the health effects. Night shift work affects melatonin and cortisol variation, insomnia, mood issues, and metabolic syndrome. Short-term tryptophan supplementation was shown to improve melatonin, sleep quality, and cortisol response to acute stress. Little is known whether a longer term of longer-term tryptophan supplementation would alleviate the health impacts of night shift work. Nevertheless, melatonin and cortisol have their normal circadian patterns. Nothing is known about what temporal structure of tryptophan supplement would maximize its health effects on night shift workers melatonin and cortisol levels. We will conduct a double-blind cross-over randomized controlled trial to examine the benefits of oral tryptophan administration (3g/day, t.i.d.) on night shift workers' health outcomes: melatonin and cortisol levels, sleep quality, moods and work performance. We expect to reveal the health effect of tryptophan supplementation in night shift workers by using sophisticated study design.
Hypertrophic scar (HS) tends to raised above skin level with high inflammatory microenvironment and excessive proliferation of myofibroblasts. The HS therapy remains challenging due to dense scar tissue which makes it hard to penetrate, and the side effects resulting from intralesional corticosteroid injection which is the mainstay treatment in clinic. Herein, bilayer microneedle patches combined with dexamethasone and colchicine (DC-MNs) with differential dual-release pattern is designed. Two drugs loaded in commercially available materials HA and PLGA, respectively. Specifically, after administration, outer layer rapidly releases the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone, which inhibits macrophage polarization to pro-inflammatory phenotype in scar tissue. Subsequently, inner layer degrades sustainedly, releasing antimicrotubular agent colchicine, which suppresses the overproliferation of myofibroblasts with extremely narrow therapeutic window, and inhibits the overexpression of collagen, as well as promotes the regular arrangement of collagen. Only applied once, DC-MNs directly delivered drugs to the scar tissue. Compared to traditional treatment regimen, DC-MNs significantly suppressed HS at lower dosage and frequency by differential dual-release design. Therefore, this study put forward the idea of integrated DC-MNs accompany the development of HS, providing a non-invasive, self-applicable, more efficient and secure strategy for treatment of HS.
Autologous fat grafting is an increasingly popular technique for soft tissue reconstruction; however, the surgical technique is limited by inconsistent graft take, undercorrection, and requirement for repeat procedures. The authors previously examined whether a widely available, clinically safe anti-oxidant, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), could improve adipose-derived stem cell survival and subsequent graft take when added to tumescent solution at the time of fat harvest in mice. The addition of NAC to tumescent fluid during fat harvest in mice protects ADSCs against oxidative stress, increases their survival and proliferation, and inhibits their early differentiation into mature adipocytes in vitro. In an in vivo model, NAC treatment at the time of harvest improved survival and quality of autologous fat grafts. These observations provide proof-of-principle for the use of NAC in the clinical setting to optimize fat graft yields.

Hypothesis: The addition of NAC to the tumescent solution used in fat grafting will improve fat graft survival in humans to potentially decrease the amount of re-operations and undercorrection that occurs.

Plan: The study will be conducted as a single-centre, randomized, triple-blind placebo-controlled trial to be performed at the QEII Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia. Subjects will be chosen as healthy female patients already presenting to the operating room for elective breast reduction surgery. These patients will be enrolled and booked for surgery as they present to clinic and will not be expedited in receiving their elective surgery if enrolled in the study. Each subject will serve as her own control. The hypothesis will be tested by performing lipoaspiration of the thigh/hip region of healthy patients after the addition of tumescent solution with or without NAC. Approximately 10 millilitres of the fat graft will be injected into each pre-tibial area depending on the randomization allocation, as described by Kolle et al. (1) The volume of fat graft will be measured at 0, 1 and 3 months using computed tomographic (CT) scans according to institutional standards. The CT images will be exported into Materialise Interactive Medical Image Control System (MIMICS) and volumetric three-dimensional reconstructions will be made to measure the size and volume of the grafts at each of the time points. The grafts will then be explanted at 3 months and weighed. The histologic appearance, graded on the amount of inflammation, cysts/vacuoles, integrity and vascularity with CD31 staining will be assessed. The results will be compared using two-tailed t-tests. Statistical significance will be set at p\<0.05.
PURPOSE: To obtain a composition for antiviral use, containing at least one selected from tropolone derivatives as an active ingredient, having low toxicity and capable of manifesting excellent antiviral activities. CONSTITUTION: This composition for antiviral use contains 0.0001-10 wt.% at least one selected from a tropolone derivative of the formula (R is a lower alkyl) and its salt or a complex salt thereof and its salt as active ingredient therein. The composition can be prepared into a peroral agent, a suppository, a parenteral injection, an eye drop, an ointment, etc., by suitably further blending a usually used diluent or excipient therewith. The composition for the antiviral use is capable of manifesting excellent effects on various viral infectious symptoms and especially effective against diseases caused by a retrovirus. The daily dose thereof is 1-20mg/kg.  Furthermore, the composition is useful as a cleaning agent for the oral cavity and the vagina and can be used for cleaning and wiping medical equipment or daily necessaries or producing clothes, curtains, etc., having antimicrobial actions by coating fibers therewith and further used as an antiviral agent, etc., for mammals other than humans.
OBJECTIVES: Disease prevention and health promotion are among the core tasks of German public health services (Öffentlicher Gesundheitsdienst - ÖGD), particularly local public health departments (Gesundheitsämter). Little is known about the extent to which the departments were able to continue activities in the field of health promotion and prevention of non-communicable diseases (HPP-NCDs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using the example of public health departments in Baden-Württemberg (BW), we therefore investigated how much staff was available to the departments for HPP-NCDs services, how much staff was actually dedicated to HPP-NCDs during the COVID-19 pandemic, which HPP-NCDs activities were carried out during the pandemic, which were cancelled, and which should be resumed as a priority, according to the public health departments.
METHODS: We developed a largely standardized online questionnaire for the survey of the 38 public health departments in BW. Per department one questionnaire was to be completed. The survey took place from 9/1/2022 to 11/4/2022. The data of this explorative cross-sectional study were analyzed in a descriptive-statistical manner using SPSS, version 28.
RESULTS: Of the 38 departments, 34 participated in the survey (89%). Departments had a mean of 2.44 full HPP-NCDs staff as planned (median 2.00; SD 1.41; range 0.20-5.00). Under pandemic conditions, a mean of 1.23 full HPP-NCDs staff were deployed (median 0.95; SD 1.24; range 0.00-4.50). Respondents gave examples of 61 HPP-NCDs activities that were conducted under pandemic conditions, and they described 69 HPP-NCDs activities that had to be cancelled. Of the latter, respondents felt that 40 should be resumed as a matter of highest priority. Analysis of the priority activities to be resumed reveals characteristic differences: e. g., resumption of structural prevention activities was viewed more frequently as a matter of hightest priority than resumption of behavioral prevention activities.
CONCLUSIONS: During the pandemic, local public health departments in BW deployed, on average, actually only half of their full staff allocated as planned to HPP-NCDs. Comparing different categories of HPP-NCDs activities (cancelled during the pandemic) in terms of the relative frequency with which their resumption is viewed as matter of highest priority, characteristic differences can be observed. It remains an open question which conclusions can be drawn from such differences.
The study comprised of three periods; a screening period (within 28 days prior to informed consent), a treatment period (defined as the time from the initiation of treatment to its termination for any reason), and a follow-up period (consisting of end-of-treatment visits, safety visits, and survival follow-up). During the screening period, participants underwent eligibility evaluations, including tissue and blood sample collection for biomarker detection. Eligible subjects were divided into high-risk and intermediate-risk groups based on Peter's criteria and Sedlis criteria, with patients in the high-risk group or those identified as MRDc0 (+) (3 days after surgery to 10 days before adjuvant therapy) receiving conventional pelvic concurrent chemoradiotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, and four courses of immunotherapy. Patients in the intermediate-risk group and those identified as MRDc0 (-) received simultaneous chemoradiotherapy in the target volume of the small pelvis, four courses of immunotherapy, continued immunotherapy with MRDIn(+)(2 months after initiation of immunotherapy), and follow-up monitoring with MRDIn(-). Subjects returned to the hospital for a safety follow-up 28 days (±7d) after the last dose to track the outcome of adverse events. Safety visits consisted of vital sign measurements, laboratory tests, and other protocol-required assessments to evaluate adverse events, concomitant medications, and concomitant therapy. At the end of treatment, subjects began survival follow-up every 3 months (±7d). Radiographic assessments were conducted at this frequency until disease progression, death, loss of follow-up, withdrawal of informed consent, initiation of follow-up antitumor therapy, or investigator-initiated termination of the study.
Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System (LNG IUS) (initial in vitro release 20 µg/24h) intrauterine for minimum of 9 months and maximum of 60 months - 2 phases: a) Contraception Phase b) Hormone-Replacement Therapy (HRT) Phase. For outcome measures (vaginal bleeding variables), five 90-day Reference Periods were defined, which were used for comparison during statistical analysis: Reference Period -1 in Contraception Phase; Reference Periods 1-4 in HRT Phase. 90-day reference periods for analyzing vaginal bleeding data are defined by World Health Organization (WHO) guideline. Reference Period -1 is the last 90-day reference period that the subject had before starting the HRT. Reference Period 1 covers the first 90-days of the HRT phase, Reference Period 2 covers days 91 to 180, Reference Period 3 days 181 to 270, and Reference Period 4 days 271 to 360 of the HRT phase.
In the United States, stroke is the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of disability. Despite the success of recent clinical trials of antithrombotic drugs for the secondary prevention of stroke, annually about 10% of patients with recent cerebrovascular accidents have recurrent strokes. The development of new treatment strategies for the secondary prevention of stroke is an important issue for modern medicine. There is increasing evidence that inflammation at the sites of endothelial activation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of stroke. Control of molecular inflammation at the sites of endothelial activation can be achieved by induction of mucosal tolerance. The induction of mucosal tolerance with repeated, low-dose, intranasal administration of antigen causes a shift of immune response from proinflammatory T(H)1 type to anti-inflammatory T(H)2 type at the sites of inflammation. E-selectin is an adhesion molecule expressed only on activated endothelium in response to proinflammatory cytokines. The major goal of proposed study is to test whether repeated administration of low-dose, intranasal E-selectin can induce mucosal tolerance to this compound causing a shift of immune response from T(H)1 to T(H)2 type in patients with recent stroke or TIA, and secondly to evaluate the safety and tolerability of this strategy for the secondary prevention of stroke.
Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV and rituximab IV on day 1, oral prednisone on days 2-6, and bortezomib IV (at the MTD determined in phase I) on days 2, 5, 9, and 12. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 8 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.