anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Black men suffer disproportionately higher rates of nearly all disease categories, including cancer --the leading cause of death in North Carolina. An estimated 50% of cancer is preventable with lifestyle modifications such as increasing physical activity (PA), eliminating tobacco use/exposure and maintaining a healthy weight. Evidence suggests that physical activity can reduce risk to several types of cancer. Innovative ways to reach Black men with effective health promotion interventions are needed. Barbershops represent one place where Black men can be reached, but have not been utilized as settings for intervening to promote physical activity. An experienced, interdisciplinary, partnership between community members (barbershop owners, barbers and their customers) and researchers from UNC Chapel Hill/Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Gillings School of Global Public Health, and North Carolina Central University are conducting a two-phase outreach study to bridge this gap. Phase 1 is a series of inter-related formative research studies (in-depth interviews with barbers/owners; observations in shops; focus groups with customers) leading to the development of a theory and evidence-guided, multi-level physical activity intervention (FITShop) designed to increase PA among Black men in barbershops. Using Phase 1 results, Phase 2 is a two-arm, group randomized, initial efficacy trial of the FITShop intervention in 14 Black barbershops with 40 customers per shop (n=560 total). Customers in Arm 1 (7 shops, 280 customers) will receive the FITShop intervention which includes barber training, PA contest in the shop, use of pedometers, community connections and personal feedback plus recommendations for PA. Customers in Arm 2 (7 shops, 280 customers) will receive a Financial Empowerment (FE) attention-control intervention that mimics exposure amount without influencing the primary outcome. Consistent with community-based participatory research principles, an Advisory Board will guide all aspects of the study planning, development, implementation and analysis of results. The primary outcome (physical activity) will be measured via accelerometer using a 7-day protocol and with self-report questionnaires at baseline and 6 months using a previously tested protocol with Black men recruited from barbershops. All primary/secondary outcomes will be measured on all customers at an assessment event/via questionnaire prior to randomization (and at 6 mo) using standardized, previously tested protocols. Process evaluation will assess dose of intervention delivered, received, fidelity, as well as reach, adoption and representativeness at the customer, barber and barbershop levels. Since barbershops are located in all communities, if effective, this intervention has promise for dissemination \& sustainability.
BACKGROUND: The brown planthopper (BPH) is an economically significant pest of rice. Bph3 is a key BPH resistance gene. However, the proteomic response of rice to BPH infestation, both in the presence and absence of Bph3, remains largely unexplored.
RESULTS: In this study, we employed tandem mass tag labeling in conjunction with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in rice samples. We detected 265 and 125 DEPs via comparison of samples infected with BPH for 2 and 4 days with untreated samples of the BPH-sensitive line R582. For the Bph3 introgression line R373, we identified 29 and 94 DEPs in the same comparisons. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that Bph3 significantly influences the abundance of proteins associated with metabolic pathways, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, microbial metabolism in diverse environments, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Moreover, Bph3 regulates the activity of proteins involved in the calcium signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and plant hormone signal transduction.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that Bph3 enhances the resistance of rice to BPH mainly by inhibiting the down-regulation of proteins associated with metabolic pathways; calcium signaling, the MAPK signaling pathway, and plant hormone signal transduction might also be involved in BPH resistance induced by Bph3.
INTRODUCTION: Military transport can induce whole-body vibrations, and combat almost always involves high impact between lower extremities and the ground. Therefore, robust splinting technology is necessary for lower extremity fractures in these settings. Our team compared a novel one-step spray-on foam splint (FastCast) to the current military standard structured aluminum malleable (SAM) splint.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten cadaveric specimens were subjected to complete tibia/fibula osteotomy. Specimens were fitted with custom accelerometer and gyroscope sensors superior and inferior to the fracture line. Each specimen underwent fracture and splinting from a standard of care SAM splint and an experimental FastCast spray foam splint in a randomized order. Each specimen was manually transported to an ambulance and then released from a 1 meter height to simulate impact. The custom sensors recorded accelerations and rotations throughout each event. Repeated-measures Friedman tests were used to assess differences between splint method within each event and between sensors within each splint method.
RESULTS: During splinting, overall summation of change and difference of change between sensors for accelerations and rotations were greater for SAM splints than FastCast across all axes (P ≤ 0.03). During transport, the range of acceleration along the linear superior/inferior axis was greater for SAM splint than FastCast (P = 0.02), as was the range of rotation along the transverse plane (P < 0.01). On impact, the summation of change observed was greater for SAM splint than FastCast with respect to acceleration and rotation on the posterior/anterior and superior/inferior axes (P ≤ 0.03), and the cumulative difference between superior and inferior sensors was greater for SAM than FastCast with respect to anterior-axis rotation (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: FastCast maintains stabilization of fractured lower extremities during transport and impacts to a significantly greater extent than SAM splints. Therefore, FastCast can potentially reduce the risk of fracture complications following physical stressors associated with combat and extraction.
Symptoms of ZINC overdosage resulting from oral ingestion of Zinc Sulfate in large amounts have resulted in death. Symptoms included nausea, vomiting, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, dizziness, abdominal pain, lethargy and incoordination. Single intravenous doses of 1 to 2 mg zinc/kg body weight have been given to adult leukemic patients without toxic manifestations. Normal plasma levels for Zinc vary from approximately 88 to 112 mcg/100 mL. Plasma levels sufficient to produce symptoms of toxic manifestations are not known. Calcium supplements may confer a protective effect against Zinc toxicity.

Symptoms of COPPER toxicity reported in literature include prostration, behavior change, diarrhea, progressive marasmus, hypotonia, photophobia and peripheral edema. D-penicillamine has been reported effective as an antidote.

MANGANESE toxicity has not been reported in patients receiving TPN. Neither have reports of manganese toxicity from excessive intake in foods and/or beverages been published.

Symptoms of CHROMIUM toxicity include nausea, vomiting, ulcers of gastrointestinal tract, renal and hepatic damage, and abnormalities of the central nervous system culminating in convulsions and coma. Trivalent Chromium administered intravenously to TPN patients has been shown to be nontoxic when given at dosage levels up to 250 mcg/day for two consecutive weeks.

Chronic toxicity in humans resulting from exposure to SELENIUM in industrial environments, intake of foods grown in seleniferous soils, use of selenium contaminated water, and application of cosmetics containing selenium has been reported in literature. Toxicity symptoms include hair loss, weakened nails, dermatitis, dental defects, gastrointestinal disorders, nervousness, mental depression, metallic taste, vomiting, and garlic odor of breath and sweat. Acute poisoning due to ingestion of large amounts of selenium compounds has resulted in death with histopathological changes including fulminating peripheral vascular collapse, internal vascular congestion, diffusely hemorrhagic, congested and edematous lungs, brick-red color gastric mucosa. The death was preceded by coma. No effective antidote to selenium poisoning in humans is known. Animal studies have shown casein and linseed oil in feeds, reduced glutathione, arsenic, magnesium sulfate, and bromobenzene to afford limited protection.
Patients will receive 50 mg of mirabegron daily for 6 weeks. Patients may continue to take this medication after the study if they have improvement in symptoms.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Uric acid (UA) and C-reactive protein (CRP) may interact synergistically to accelerate the initiation and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study investigated the effects of a combination of high UA and high CRP on the risks of CVD.
METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 90,270 participants recruited from the Kailuan study were included, who were divided into four groups according to the presence/absence of hyperuricemia and inflammation. Cox regression was applied to evaluate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of CVD. C-statistics, net classification index (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to compare the incremental predictive of UA, CRP, and their combined effects on CVD. Mediation analysis was to explore the impact of CRP on the association between UA and CVD. Over a median follow-up of 14.95 years, we identified 11398 incident CVD cases. Compared to the low UA/low CRP group, the high UA/low CRP, low UA/high CRP and high UA/high CRP groups showed progressively higher risks of CVD, HR (95% CI): 1.18(1.10-1.27), 1.27(1.21-1.33) and 1.50 (1.33-1.69), respectively. The incorporation of UA and CRP into the traditional China-PAR model led to improvement in the C-statistic, NRI, and IDI, and was better than incorporation of either UA or CRP alone. Mediation analysis showed that CRP mediated the association between UA and CVD, accounting for 11.57% of the total effects.
CONCLUSIONS: High UA/high CRP is associated with increased risks of CVD. Incorporation of both UA and CRP provided additional value for risk stratification.
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a simple glycerophospholipid that is found at biologically-relevant levels in plasma and has important effects on isolated or cultured blood, vascular and fat cells. The main enzyme responsible for generation of plasma LPA is the secreted lysophospholipase D, autotaxin (ATX). Adipocytes contribute substantially to plasma ATX levels. The investigators have demonstrated rapid production and metabolism of plasma LPA in animals. More recently, the investigators have observed that plasma LPA levels increase in mice fed a high fat ("Western") diet in comparison to levels found in mice fed normal chow. The investigators have also found that diet-induced obesity increased circulating ATX levels in mice. The investigators hypothesize that diet, and in particular dietary phosphatidylcholine (PC), may regulate the autotaxin substrate lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), from which LPA is derived. Obesity may amplify the response by increasing plasma ATX levels and/or activity. The current study will test whether dietary PC in normal weight and obese subjects acutely alters LPA levels and autotaxin activity.
A system (100) for processing medical image data regarding a clinical question uses patient data (110), medical image data (120) and clinical guidelines (170). The system has a processor subsystem (160) to determine, based on user input (140), a use case regarding the clinical question for a patient. The processor retrieves the patient data and image data regarding the use case to determine an anatomical object. Then, the processor selects an algorithm from an algorithm repository (AM) based on the determined anatomical object and executes the algorithm on the image data to provide the output data for assessing the clinical question. The processor may also use the codified clinical guidelines regarding the use case to select said algorithm. Effectively the most appropriate algorithm is executed for the specific use case.
The aim of this prospective randomized controlled study is to determine the benefit-risk ratio (success rate, complication rate, tolerance) for patients with biliodigestive anastomosis by either continuous or interrupted suture. A biliodigestive anastomosis is a surgical connection between the common bile duct (ductus choledochus) and the digestive tract to prevent interference of bile flow. Indications for a biliodigestive anastomosis include total or partial resection of the pancreas and duodenum (PPPD, Whipple procedure) for pancreatic tumors, tumors of the biliary tract or duodenum, and biliary tract reconstructions during liver transplantation or advanced liver resections. Furthermore a biliodigestive anastomosis can be required to manage the injury of the biliary tract and infectious and traumatic structures of the biliary tract. Biliodigestive anastomoses can be performed by continuous or interrupted suture. The aim of this study is to determine the difference between continuous and interrupted suture for biliodigestive anastomoses, as advantages and disadvantages of each technique have not been determined. Only patients receiving their first biliodigestive anastomosis will be included.
The highest single dose administered in clinical trials was 1,200 mg. The dose-limiting adverse event was postural hypotension, which was observed at 600 mg. While the recommended dose for Maraviroc in patients receiving a CYP3A inducer without a CYP3A inhibitor is 600 mg twice daily, this dose is appropriate due to enhanced metabolism.

Prolongation of the QT interval was seen in dogs and monkeys at plasma concentrations 6 and 12 times, respectively, those expected in humans at the intended exposure of 300-mg equivalents twice daily. However, no significant QT prolongation was seen in the trials in treatment-experienced subjects with HIV using the recommended doses of maraviroc, or in a specific pharmacokinetic trial to evaluate the potential of maraviroc to prolong the QT interval [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)] . 

There is no specific antidote for overdose with maraviroc. Treatment of overdose should consist of general supportive measures including keeping the patient in a supine position, careful assessment of patient vital signs, blood pressure, and electrocardiogram.

Administration of activated charcoal may also be used to aid in removal of unabsorbed drug. Hemodialysis had a minimal effect on maraviroc clearance and exposure in a trial in subjects with ESRD [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] .
Diet will produce a 600 kcal per day caloric deficit, according to the Harris-Benedict equation for each subject. Diet will include 5 % carbohydrates, 65% fat and 30% high biological value protein.
Participants in the Treatment group will receive a hybrid therapist-implemented and caregiver-implemented intervention be compared to a BAU control group. Caregivers and children will be assessed at baseline, after the intervention, 6 months after intervention, and 12 months after intervention, and will receive a $50 gift card for participating in each assessment time point, $75 for completing all four assessments, and books and play/activity materials with target word lists in Spanish.
BACKGROUND: BRAFV600E is the most common genetic mutation in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) occurring in 60% of patients and drives malignant tumour cell phenotypes including proliferation, metastasis and immune-escape. BRAFV600E-mutated papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) also displays greatly reduced expression of thyroid differentiation markers, thus tendency to radioactive iodine (RAI) refractory and poor prognosis. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms and main oncogenic events underlying BRAFV600E will guide future therapy development.
METHODS: Bioinformatics and clinical specimen analyses, genetic manipulation of BRAFV600E-induced PTC model, functional and mechanism exploration guided with transcriptomic screening, as well as systematic rescue experiments were applied to investigate miR-31 function within BRAFV600E-induced thyroid cancer development. Besides, nanoparticles carrying miR-31 antagomirs were testified to alleviate 131I iodide therapy on PTC models.
RESULTS: We identify miR-31 as a significantly increased onco-miR in BRAFV600E-associated PTC that promotes tumour progression, metastasis and RAI refractoriness via sustained Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Mechanistically, highly activated BRAF/MAPK pathway induces miR-31 expression via c-Jun-mediated transcriptional regulation across in vitro and transgenic mouse models. MiR-31 in turn facilitates β-catenin stabilisation via directly repressing tumour suppressors CEBPA and DACH1, which direct the expression of multiple essential Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitors. Genetic functional assays showed that thyroid-specific knockout of miR-31 inhibited BRAFV600E-induced PTC progression, and strikingly, enhanced expression of sodium-iodide symporter and other thyroid differentiation markers, thus promoted 131I uptake. Nanoparticle-mediated application of anti-miR-31 antagomirs markedly elevated radio-sensitivity of BRAFV600E-induced PTC tumours to 131I therapy, and efficiently suppressed tumour progression in the pre-clinical mouse model.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings elucidate a novel BRAF/MAPK-miR-31-Wnt/β-catenin regulatory mechanism underlying clinically BRAFV600E-associated DTC tumourigenesis and dedifferentiation, also highlight a potential adjuvant therapeutic strategy for advanced DTC.
Participants will receive a link to register for the chatbot. Following registration, they will complete the initial chat, which includes instructions for the entire study. The chatbot will then guide the participant through multiple BNIs focused on the goal of bup engagement, with the following steps: 1) Raise the Subject/Establish Rapport; 2) Enhance Motivation; 3) Provide \& Elicit Feedback; and 4) Negotiate a Plan. The chatbot then reminds the participant of their reasons why they might engage in OUD treatment based on their responses to Steps 2 \& 3, and their negotiated plan. The chatbot will electronically connect participants to a treatment provider of their choice, based on available options.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Home Parenteral Nutrition (HPN) is the main treatment for patients with chronic intestinal failure. It is commonly prescribed for nutritional recovery, survival increase and, whenever possible, improvement of quality of life. As there are no validated instruments in Brazilian Portuguese to be used in these patients, the objective of this study was to carry out the transcultural adaptation and validation of Home Parenteral Nutrition - Quality of life (HPN-QOL©) into Brazilian Portuguese.
METHODS: This observational and cross-sectional study was conducted at the multidisciplinary short-bowel syndrome clinic (AMULSIC) of the Hospital das Clínicas of the University of São Paulo Medical School (HC-FMUSP). A five-stage protocol was adopted for the transcultural adaptation: initial translation; synthesis; reverse translation; experts committee and pre-test. The adapted questionnaire was applied to a convenience (representative) sample (n = 16) and Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), and Bland-Altman Test were submitted for the analysis of the internal consistency and intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility.
RESULTS: The transcultural adaptation was considered excellent (Content Validity Index = 100%). The internal consistency was satisfactory for most of the scales (16/19), and α > 0.70 was 84.21%. ICC values revealed high intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility in most of the scales. No significant difference was observed between intraobservers and interobservers in any of the questions (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The questionnaire was shown as adapted and valid for use in Brazil. Future trials with a higher sample are yet to be developed to shed light on specific scales that were inconsistent. It's expected that this would contribute for the usual quality of life assessment for individuals treated with HPN in Brazil.
Vitals including O2 amount and modality, blood pressure, pressor name, dose, and rate will be recorded. If the patient is intubated, the name, dose, and rate of sedation and analgesia will be recorded. If the patient is not intubated, name and dose amount of sedation will be recorded. Arterial blood gas will be obtained if an A-line is placed. Bedside apical 4 chamber view will be recorded (RV:LV ratio) with an ultrasound device, and noninvasive RV data will be obtained with Edwards ClearSight system and Edwards EV1000 clinical platform. This data will be obtained before, during iNO administration, and after iNO has been withheld for 2 minutes.
The NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been associated with worse outcomes from severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). The NLRP3 inflammasome is also strongly associated with other pro-inflammatory conditions, such as obesity. Little is known about the potential effect of mild TBI (mTBI) on the NLRP3 inflammasome and the extent to which modifying factors, such as obesity, may augment the inflammatory response to mTBI. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of NLRP3 inflammasome proteins with obese body mass index (BMI ≥ 30) within 24 h of mTBI after presenting to a level 1 trauma center emergency department. This is a secondary analysis of prospectively enrolled patients with mTBI who presented to the emergency department of one U.S. Level 1 trauma center from 2013 to 2018 (n = 243). A series of regression models were built to evaluate the association of NLRP3 proteins obtained from blood plasma within 24 h of injury and BMI as well as the potential interaction effect of higher BMI with NLRP3 proteins (n = 243). A logistic regression model revealed a significant association between IL-18 (p < 0.001) in mTBI patients with obese BMI compared to mTBI patients with non-obese BMI (< 30). Moderation analyses revealed statistically significant interaction effects between apoptotic speck-like protein (ASC), caspase-1, IL-18, IL-1β and obese BMI which worsened symptom burden, quality of life, and physical function at 2 weeks and 6 months post-injury. Higher acute concentrations of IL-1β in the overall cohort predicted higher symptoms at 6-months and worse physical function at 2-weeks and 6-months. Higher acute concentrations of IL-18 in the overall cohort predicted worse physical function at 6-months. In this single center mTBI cohort, obese BMI interacted with higher acute concentrations of NLRP3 inflammasome proteins and worsened short- and long-term clinical outcomes.
An abuse-deterrent pharmaceutical composition has been developed to reduce the likelihood of improper administration of drugs, especially drugs such as opioids. In a preferred embodiment, a drug is modified to increase its lipophilicity. In some embodiments the modified drug is homogeneously dispersed within spherical microparticles composed of a material that is either slowly soluble or not soluble in water. In some embodiments the drug containing microparticles or drug particles are coated with one or more coating layers, where at least one coating is water insoluble and/or organic solvent insoluble. The abuse-deterrent composition retards the release of drug, even if the physical integrity of the formulation is compromised (for example, by chopping with a blade or crushing) and the resulting material is placed in water, snorted, or swallowed. However, when administered as directed, the drug is slowly released from the composition as the composition is passes through the GI tract.