anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to measure the prevalence of resistance to antimicrobial agents, and explore the risk factors associated with drug resistance by using nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) isolates from China.
METHODS: A total of 335 NTM isolates were included in our analysis. Broth dilution method was used to determine in vitro drug susceptibility of NTM isolates.
RESULTS: Clarithromycin (CLA) was the most potent drug for Mycobacterium intracellulare (MI). The resistance rate of 244 MI isolates to CLA was 21%, yielding a minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC)50 and MIC90 of 8 and 64 mg/L, respectively. 51% of 244 MI isolates exhibited resistance to amikacin (AMK). For 91 Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC) isolates, 6 (7%) and 49 (54%) isolates were categorized as resistant to CLA at day 3 and 14, respectively. The resistance rate to CLA for Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies abscessus (MAA) was dramatically higher than that for Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies massiliense (MAM). Additionally, the percentage of patients presenting fever in the CLA-susceptible group was significantly higher than that in the CLA-resistant group.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that approximate one fifth of MI isolates are resistant to CLA. We have identified a higher proportion of CLA-resistant MAA isolates than MAM. The patients caused by CLA-resistant MI are at low risk for presenting with fever relative to CLA-susceptible group.
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally occurring polysaccharide found in the extracellular matrix with broad applications in disease treatment. HA possesses good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and the ability to interact with various cell surface receptors. Its wide range of molecular weights and modifiable chemical groups make it an effective drug carrier for drug delivery. Additionally, the overexpression of specific receptors for HA on cell surfaces in many disease states enhances the accumulation of drugs at pathological sites through receptor binding. In this review, the modification of HA with drugs, major receptor proteins, and the latest advances in receptor-targeted nano drug delivery systems (DDS) for the treatment of tumors and inflammatory diseases are summarized. Furthermore, the functions of HA with varying molecular weights of HA in vivo and the selection of drug delivery methods for different diseases are discussed.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of -c.108C>T and c.192Q>R polymorphisms of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene with preeclampsia (PE) and the influence of genotypes on the metabolic and oxidative stress indexes among Chinese women.
METHODS: This case-control study has included 334 patients with PE and 1337 healthy pregnant women. The -c.108C>T and c.192Q>R genotypes were determined by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Metabolic and oxidative stress parameters were also analyzed.
RESULTS: No statistical difference in the genotypic and allelic frequencies for the -c.108C>T and c.192Q>R polymorphisms of the PON1 gene was found between the PE patients and the healthy controls (P > 0.05). Nevertheless, the 192Q-108T haplotype of these polymorphisms was associated with an increased risk of PE (P = 0.007). Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and atherosderosis index were higher in patients with the -108TT genotype compared with those with a CT genotype (P < 0.05); whilst total oxidant status was lower in patients with a CT genotype compared with those with a CC genotype (P = 0.036). Malondialdehyde level was higher in patients with a 192RR genotype compared with those with a QQ genotype (P = 0.019). TAC level was higher in patients with a RR genotype compared with those with a QR genotype (P = 0.015).
CONCLUSION: The 192Q-108T haplotype of the PON1 gene is associated with the risk for PE. These polymorphisms may be associated with abnormal lipid metabolism and oxidative stress among Chinese PE patients.
Each 15 mg tablet for oral administration contains 15 mg of codeine sulfate. It is a white, biconvex tablet scored on one side, with strength-indicating number “15” debossed on the scored side and product identification number “54 613” debossed on the other side.

Each 30 mg tablet for oral administration contains 30 mg of codeine sulfate. It is a white, biconvex tablet scored on one side, with strength-indicating number “30” debossed on the scored side and product identification number “54 783” debossed on the other side.

Each 60 mg tablet for oral administration contains 60 mg of codeine sulfate. It is a white, biconvex tablet scored on one side, with strength-indicating number “60” debossed on the scored side and product identification number “54 412” debossed on the other side.
After post-phase I assessment, participants who are eligible will be randomized to 2) Discontinuation titration to placebo. For these participants, the placebo substitution in an increasing proportion of capsules will be implemented until all drug is withdrawn.
OBJECTIVE: There is no study comparing knee and spine osteoarthritis. The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of pain and disability on quality of life (QoL) and the factors affecting QoL in patients with knee osteoarthritis and spondylosis.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 114 patients with spondylosis and 126 patients with knee osteoarthritis. Demographic data were recorded. The visual analog scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Roland Morris Questionnaire (RMQ), and the Short Form Health Questionnaire (SF-36) were filled out.
RESULTS: Statistically, patients with spondylosis and knee osteoarthritis did not differ significantly in terms of gender, age, body mass index, number of concomitant conditions, marital status, years of schooling, pain scores, or SF-36 characteristics. SF-36 physical function, vitality, and mental health assessments were lower in women than men, while VAS scores were higher. There was no correlation between marital status, educational level, and QoL subscales. WOMAC and RMQ scores were negatively correlated with the SF-36 subscales. RMS scores were not related to mental health.
CONCLUSIONS: Spondylosis and knee osteoarthritis affect all subscales of QoL in the same way. The management of patients with spondylosis and knee osteoarthritis should focus on pain and functionality to improve QoL.
PURPOSE: Little is known regarding differences in childhood growth between somatic and heritable retinoblastoma (Rb) populations. We aimed to compare childhood growth parameters between somatic and heritable Rb cohorts at birth and at time of diagnosis with Rb.
METHODS: A multinational, longitudinal cohort study was conducted with patients from 11 centers in 10 countries who presented with treatment naïve Rb from January to December 2019. Variables of interest included age, sex, and size characteristics at birth and at time of presentation, as well as germline mutation status. After Bonferroni correction, results were statistically significant if the P value was less than 0.005.
RESULTS: We enrolled 696 patients, with 253 analyzed after exclusion criteria applied. Between somatic (n = 39) and heritable (n = 214) Rb cohorts, with males and females analyzed separately, there was no significant difference in birth weight percentile, weight percentile at time of diagnosis, length percentile at time of diagnosis, weight-for-length percentile at time of diagnosis, or change of weight percentile from birth to time of diagnosis. Patients with heritable Rb had a smaller mean weight percentile at birth and smaller mean weight and length percentiles at time of diagnosis with Rb, although this difference was not statistically significant. All cohorts experienced a slight negative change of weight percentile from birth to time of diagnosis. No cohort mean percentiles met criteria for failure to thrive, defined as less than the 5th percentile.
CONCLUSIONS: Children with Rb seem to have normal birth and childhood growth patterns. There is no definitive evidence that somatic or heritable Rb has a biological or environmental impact on childhood growth parameters.
Severe and fatal cardiac ischemic events, as well as severe arrhythmias, and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes occurred in patients receiving FARYDAK. Arrhythmias occurred in 12% of patients receiving FARYDAK, compared to 5% of patients in the control arm. Cardiac ischemic events occurred in 4% of patients treated with FARYDAK compared with 1% of patients in the control arm. Do not initiate FARYDAK treatment in patients with history of recent myocardial infarction or unstable angina.

Electrocardiographic abnormalities such as ST-segment depression and T-wave abnormalities also occurred more frequently in patients receiving FARYDAK compared to the control arm: 22% versus 4% and 40% versus 18%, respectively. FARYDAK may prolong cardiac ventricular repolarization (QT interval). Do not initiate treatment with FARYDAK in patients with a QTcF >450 msec or clinically significant baseline ST-segment or T-wave abnormalities. Arrhythmias may be exacerbated by electrolyte abnormalities. If during treatment with FARYDAK, the QTcF increases to ≥480 msec, interrupt treatment. Correct any electrolyte abnormalities. If QT prolongation does not resolve, permanently discontinue treatment with FARYDAK.

Obtain ECG at baseline and periodically during treatment as clinically indicated. Monitor electrolytes during treatment with FARYDAK and correct abnormalities as clinically indicated.
PURPOSE: To explore the potential of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) for assessing the degree of liver injury in a paracetamol-induced rat model and to simultaneously investigate the effect of intravenous gadoxetate on DKI parameters.
METHODS: Paracetamol was used to induce hepatoxicity in 39 rats. The rats were pathologically classified into 3 groups: normal (n=11), mild necrosis (n=18), and moderate necrosis (n=10). DKI was performed before and, 15 min, 25 min, and 45 min after gadoxetate administration. Repeated-measures ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison test was used to investigate the effect of gadoxetate on mean diffusivity (MD) and mean diffusion kurtosis (MK) and to assess the differences in MD and MK among the three groups. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the MD values when discriminating between the necrotic groups.
RESULTS: Gadoxetate had no significant effect on either the MD or the MK, and the effect size was small. The MD in the moderate necrosis group was significantly lower than that in the other two groups (F = 13.502, p < 0.001; η2 = 0.428 [95% CI: 0.082-0.637]), while the MK did not significantly differ among the three groups (F = 2.702, p = 0.081; η2 = 0.131 [95% CI: 0.001-0.4003]). The AUCs of MD for discriminating the moderate necrosis or normal group from the other groups were 0.921 (95% CI: 0.832-1.000) and 0.831 (95% CI: 0.701-0.961), respectively.
CONCLUSION: It would be better to measure the MD and MK before gadoxetate injection. MD showed potential for assessing the degree of liver necrosis in a paracetamol-induced liver injury rat model.
OBJECTIVES: Placenta previa-accreta spectrum disorders are a cause of obstetric hemorrhage that can lead to maternal fetal mortality and morbidity. We aimed to describe the use of a uterine isthmic tourniquet left in situ as a new uterus-preserving approach for patients with placenta previa-accreta.
METHODS: In this retrospective comparative study, the patients who underwent surgery for placenta previa between 2017 and 2024 at our tertiary hospital were reviewed. Primary outcome of the study is to evaluate feasibility of uterine isthmic tourniquet left in situ for uterine preserving by preventing postpartum hemorrhage for patients with placenta previa-accreta. As a secondary outcome, group 1 (n=28) patients who were managed with uterine isthmic tourniquet left in place were compared with patients in group 2 (n=32) who were managed with only bilateral uterine artery ligation.
RESULTS: This new approach uterine isthmic tourniquet technique prevented postpartum hemorrhage with a rate of 100 percent in group 1 patients, while uterine artery ligation prevented postpartum hemorrhage with a rate of 75 % in group 2. Postoperative additional interventions (relaparotomy hysterectomy, balloon tamponade application, uterine or vaginal packing) were performed for eight patients in group 2 (25 %) but not in group 1 (0 %) (p=0.015). The haemoglobin levels before caesarean section were similar in both groups (p=0.235), while the postoperative haemoglobin levels were lower in group 2 (9.69 ± 1.37 vs. 8.15 ± 1.32) (p=0.004). Erythrocyte suspension was given to two patients in group 1 and 12 patients in group 2 (2/28 7 % vs. 12/32 37 %, p=0.018).
CONCLUSIONS: The uterine isthmic tourniquet left in situ technique is a safe, simple and effective for preventing postpartum hemorrhage and preserving uterus during placenta previa accreta surgery as superior to uterine artery ligation alone.
Participants will report to the hospital cafeteria between 0800 and 0900h following an overnight fast every weekday for 4 consecutive weeks. On arrival, participants will be provided will the allocated breakfast and will be given 15 min to consume all the foods provided. The oatmeal breakfast will consist of 80g dry oatmeal (Quaker Quick Oats) prepared with 120mL fat-free milk and 230mL water. The frosted flakes breakfast will consist of 62g frosted flakes and 160mL whole milk and 190mL water served on the side. The No-breakfast (control) will consist of only 350mL plain water. All participants will also receive 200mL decaffeinated coffee with 12mL non-dairy creamer and 1g packet of non-caloric sweetener. On Friday of each week participants will be provided with two portions of the breakfasts to take home at consume on the weekend days. On the first day of the intervention and weekly thereafter participants will complete 3hr subjective appetite ratings responses to the breakfast. Laboratory assessments including body weight, composition, blood pressure and a fasting blood sample will be collected before the start of the intervention and at the end of the intervention.
Assisted hatching is a procedure in which a hole is made in the hard covering of a developing embryo to allow the embryo to hatch more easily from this shell. This procedure is sometimes used before transferring embryos to patients after in vitro fertilization (IVF) in an attempt to improve resulting pregnancy rates. Assisted hatching has been shown to improve outcomes among certain groups of patients, such as older patients or patients with a history of IVF treatment and embryo transfer without success. Whether this procedure could benefit the broader patient population remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate potential benefits of assisted hatching for good prognosis patients who would not typically be treated with assisted hatching under current standard protocols. Pregnancy rates were compared between good prognosis patients undergoing IVF with day-3 embryo transfer with or without assisted hatching of the transferred embryos.
Depressive disorders are widely debilitating psychiatric disease. Despite the considerable progress in the field of depression therapy, extensive research spanning many decades has failed to uncover pathogenic pathways that might aid in the creation of long-acting and rapid-acting antidepressants. Consequently, it is imperative to reconsider existing approaches and explore other targets to improve this area of study. In contemporary times, several scholarly investigations have unveiled that persons who have received a diagnosis of depression, as well as animal models employed to study depression, demonstrate a decrease in both the quantity as well as density of astrocytes, accompanied by alterations in gene expression and morphological attributes. Astrocytes rely on a diverse array of channels and receptors to facilitate their neurotransmitter transmission inside tripartite synapses. This study aimed to investigate the potential processes behind the development of depression, specifically focusing on astrocyte-associated neuroinflammation and the involvement of several molecular components such as connexin 43, potassium channel Kir4.1, aquaporin 4, glutamatergic aspartic acid transporter protein, SLC1A2 or GLT-1, glucocorticoid receptors, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B, and autophagy, that localized on the surface of astrocytes. The study also explores novel approaches in the treatment of depression, with a focus on astrocytes, offering innovative perspectives on potential antidepressant medications.
The invention relates to a cyclic color-threo-Tyr-valyl-leupeptin (Trp-Thr-Tyr-Val-Leu cyclic peptide) with hepatoma cytotoxicity and alpha-glucosidase inhibition activity and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of extraction and preparation of biological products. The cyclic-threo-tyr-valyl-leupeptin is fifteen-membered cyclic pentapeptide formed by connecting tryptophan, threonine, tyrosine, valine and leucine through an amide bond. This is a novel compound and has not been reported in the literature. The compound can be obtained by culturing frog-feces mould, and then extracting and separating. The pure product of the cyclophilin-threo-tyrosin-valyl-leupeptin is white powder, and the half inhibition concentration (IC  50 ) of the cyclophilin-threo-tyrosin-valyl-leupeptin on liver cancer cells HepG2 is as follows: the half inhibitory concentration (IC  50 ) of alpha-glucosidase at 60.94 μg/mL was: 1116.30 μg/mL. The compound can be used as potential medicine for treating liver cancer and slimming medicine.
Eligible patients will receive an ablative conditioning regimen and be infused with an ECT-001 expanded cord-blood. The ECT-001 expanded CB could be infused fresh, or cryopreserved.
Metabolic disease is epidemiologically linked to severe complications upon influenza virus infection, thus vaccination is a priority in this high-risk population. Yet, vaccine responses are less effective in these same hosts. Here we examined how the timing of diet switching from a high-fat diet to a control diet affected influenza vaccine efficacy in diet-induced obese mice. Our results demonstrate that the systemic meta-inflammation generated by high-fat diet exposure limited T cell maturation to the memory compartment at the time of vaccination, impacting the recall of effector memory T cells upon viral challenge. This was not improved with a diet switch post-vaccination. However, the metabolic dysfunction of T cells was reversed if weight loss occurred 4 weeks before vaccination, restoring a functional recall response. This corresponded with changes in the systemic obesity-related biomarkers leptin and adiponectin, highlighting the systemic and specific effects of diet on influenza vaccine immunogenicity.
Methylnaltrexone bromide (Relistor®). Single intravenous injection of 8 mg (0.4 ml solution) for patients weighing 38-61 kg or 12 mg (0.6 ml solution) patients weighing 62-114 kg).
We discuss a patient who presented with bilateral VI and VII cranial nerve palsies, symmetric upper and lower limb weakness and areflexia, 2 weeks following an flu-like illness. At presentation, there was no papilloedema, and her visual function was normal. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis and electrophysiology supported the diagnosis of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). She received intravenous immunoglobulins. She subsequently developed headaches and vision loss. Funduscopy demonstrated severe papilloedema with visual acuity of 6/18 right eye, 6/12 left eye with bitemporal visual field depression. Lumbar puncture revealed elevated opening pressure with high protein and normal cell count. She received acetazolamide. There was resolution of papilloedema and normal visual function at 3 months. Of note, the patient's body mass index was 17 kg/m2Our case highlights the rare occurrence of papilloedema in GBS, reiterating the importance of performing funduscopy on patients with any neurological diagnosis. Early detection and prompt management of papilloedema can prevent permanent vision loss.
Blood transfusion is a critical life-saving medical intervention, but it carries the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) that can lead to serious consequences. TTIs include viral, bacterial, parasitic, and prion infections, transmitted through asymptomatic donor blood, contamination of stored blood products, or transfusion-related immunosuppression. Recognized global agents posing challenges to blood safety include human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), Syphilis, etc. Emerging pathogens like SARS-CoV-2, hepatitis E, and others present additional risks. The residual risk of TTIs, representing the likelihood of infected donations passing screening tests, varies globally. High-income countries generally show lower prevalence rates than low-income countries. In Egypt, the estimated prevalence rates for HIV, HBV, HCV, and syphilis markers among the donors are 0.23 %, 0.76 %, 2.33 %, and 0.24 %, respectively. In Egypt, specific residual risk estimates are scarce, but prevalence rates for key infections highlight existing challenges. The World Health Organization promotes a global blood safety strategy, advocating for national blood systems, voluntary non-remunerated donors, and quality-assured testing. Despite these measures, the establishment of a haemovigilance system which is critical for monitoring and preventing adverse events, including TTIs, is reported as lacking in Egypt. This highlights the importance of comprehensive surveillance and safety measures in the blood donation process to ensure universal access to safe blood. Primary health care can play a pivotal role in preventing TTIs.
Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are increasingly prevalent worldwide, and there is a critical need for novel interventions. Interleukin-33 (IL-33), an anti-inflammatory cytokine that regulates metabolism, is a promising biomarker for these conditions. The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to examine the role of IL-33 in obesity and T2D, assessing its potential in predicting disease progression. A systematic search was performed on Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed up until May 30, 2023. Each study was assessed for quality and sources of bias using the relevant critical appraisal checklists. Meta-analyses were conducted to compare IL-33 levels in individuals with obesity and T2D versus healthy controls (HC), and in obesity alone versus HC. Eighteen studies were included in the systematic review, and nine qualified for meta-analyses. The analyses showed insufficient evidence to suggest a significant difference in IL-33 levels between individuals with T2D and HC (mean difference, MD = -79.95, 95% CI [-241.38; 81.48]), with substantial heterogeneity across the studies observed (I2 = 97.1%, τ2 = 33,549.15). Similarly, there was insufficient evidence to suggest a significant difference between nondiabetic individuals with obesity and HC (MD = -7.31, 95% CI [-25.74; 11.13]), and heterogeneity was noted (I2 = 86.2%, τ2 = 342.45). There is insufficient evidence to indicate significant differences in IL-33 levels in individuals with T2D or obesity compared with HC. The results suggest a need for improved IL-33 measurement methods to reduce heterogeneity, enhancing understanding of the role of IL-33 in obesity and T2D, and informing future research and therapeutic strategies.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our research finds an inconclusive relationship between IL-33 serum levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and nondiabetic individuals with obesity. In addition, we note a potential gender association with IL-33 serum levels. Further studies with larger cohorts are required to assess the significance of serum IL-33 in T2D and obesity. Urgent standardization is needed in IL-33 quantification and reporting methods for reliable comparisons.