anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: Acute postoperative pain impacts a significant number of patients and is associated with various complications, such as a higher occurrence of chronic postsurgical pain as well as increased morbidity and mortality.
RECENT FINDINGS: Opioids are often used to manage severe pain, but they come with serious adverse effects, such as sedation, respiratory depression, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and impaired bowel function. Therefore, most enhanced recovery after surgery protocols promote multimodal analgesia, which includes adjuvant analgesics, to provide optimal pain control. In this article, we aim to offer a comprehensive review of the contemporary literature on adjuvant analgesics in the management of acute pain, especially in the perioperative setting. Adjuvant analgesics have proven efficacy in treating postoperative pain and reducing need for opioids. While ketamine is an established option for opioid-dependent patients, magnesium and α2-agonists have, in addition to their analgetic effect, the potential to attenuate hemodynamic responses, which make them especially useful in painful laparoscopic procedures. Furthermore, α2-agonists and dexamethasone can extend the analgesic effect of regional anesthesia techniques. However, findings for lidocaine remain inconclusive.
Signs of acute toxicity in animals included ataxia, labored breathing, ptosis, sedation, hypoactivity, or excitation.

Acute oral overdoses of gabapentin have been reported. Symptoms have included double vision, tremor, slurred speech, drowsiness, altered mental status, dizziness, lethargy, and diarrhea. Fatal respiratory depression has been reported with Gabapentin overdose, alone and in combination with other CNS depressants.

Gabapentin can be removed by hemodialysis.

If overexposure occurs, call your poison control center at 1-800-222-1222.
IMGS-001 will be administered every 2 weeks at the highest of the two doses of IMGS-001 that were selected for further evaluation in Phase 1a. Based on meeting minimum prespecified efficacy criteria, additional subjects may be enrolled and randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either the higher dose (Arm A) or a lower dose (Arm B) selected from Phase 1a.
Serissa japonica and Common Sage Herb composition active components are provided against the technological problems of less dosage forms only comprising a granule and a decoction of a Serissa japonica and Common Sage Herb composition, and high preparation method cost, large toxicity and unsuitableness for the industrialized production of present Serissa japonica and Common Sage Herb composition active components in the prior art. A preparation method of the Serissa japonica and Common Sage Herb composition active components comprises the steps of extraction, concentration, alcohol precipitation and adsorption column chromatography purification, and the components obtained after eluting with 60% alcohol are taken. The invention also provides a medicine for treating the urinary tract infection. The medicine includes the Serissa japonica and Common Sage Herb composition active components provided by the invention, and one or a plurality of pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients to prepare any clinically acceptable dosage forms. The conten of general flavones in the Serissa japonica and Common Sage Herb composition active components obtained through the preparation method provided by the invention reaches above 40%, and pharmacodynamical evaluation displays that the components have a good urinary tract infection resisting activity, can substitute original compositions, and can be processed to conveniently prepare all dosage forms. The active components have the advantages of low preparation method cost, small toxicity, and suitableness for the industrialized production.
Background: Stimulation of ventricular hypertrophy and heart rate are two major cardiac effects of thyroid hormone (TH). The aim of this study was to determine in vivo which TH receptor (TR)-α or β-and which mode of TR action-canonical gene expression or DNA-binding independent noncanonical action-mediate these effects. Methods: We compared global TRα and TRβ knockout mice (TRαKO; TRβKO) with wild-type (WT) mice to determine the TR isoform responsible for T3 effects. The relevance of TR DNA binding was studied in mice with a mutation in the DNA-binding domain that selectively abrogates DNA binding and canonical TR action (TRαGS; TRβGS). Hearts were studied with echocardiography at baseline and after 7 weeks of T3 treatment. Gene expression was measured with real-time polymerase chain reaction. Heart rate was recorded with radiotelemetry transmitters for 7 weeks in untreated, hypothyroid, and T3-treated mice. Results: T3 induced ventricular hypertrophy in WT and TRβKO mice, but not in TRαKO mice. Hypertrophy was also induced in TRαGS mice. Thus, hypertrophy is mostly mediated by noncanonical TRα action. Similarly, repression of Mhy7 occurred in WT and TRαGS mice. Basal heart rate was largely dependent on canonical TRα action. But responsiveness to hypothyroidism and T3 treatment as well as expression of pacemaker gene Hcn2 were still preserved in TRαKO mice, demonstrating that TRβ could compensate for absence of TRα. Conclusions: T3-induced cardiac hypertrophy could be attributed to noncanonical TRα action, whereas heart rate regulation was mediated by canonical TRα action. TRβ could substitute for canonical but not noncanonical TRα action.
Isopetasin (I) is a component of a medicament for blockade of leukotriene synthesis (esp. for protecting the gastrointestinal tract) or for protecting all tissues by blockage of calcium channels; or of a hypotensive or spasmolytic medicament. Oxopetasin (II) is a component of a medicament for blockage of leukotriene and/or prostaglandin synthesis (esp. for protecting the gastrointestinal tract); or of an analgesic or antiinflammatory medicament. Also claimed is petasin (III) as a starting material for (I) as a component of a medicament as described above. More specifically, (I)-(III) are components of the herbal remedy Petasites hybridus or Petasites officinalis (L.) Moendi (Astrales), which has mucolytic, antitussive and (gastric) spasmolytic activity. (I)-(III) can be isolated from Petasites extract by column chromatography. The active components are (I) and (II), not (as was previously believed) (III). (III) may be converted into (I) with isomerase. Since (I) is decomposed by esters in the gastrointestinal tract on oral admin., (I) must be protected against esterase action or administered parenterally.
This study consists three phases: Prerandomization, Randomization (Core Study) and Extension study. The overall duration of treatment (Core and Extension) is approximately 104 weeks with the Core study being 26 weeks and the Extension study being 76 weeks. Approximately 45 participants 18 years of age and over who meet all the eligibility requirements will be randomized. No single platelet count should be greater than 35x10\^9/L (liter). Participants will be centrally stratified at randomization by splenectomy status, baseline platelet count, and use of concomitant ITP medication at baseline, and randomized to receive either double-blind avatrombopag or placebo in a 2:1 ratio. Participants will receive blinded therapy at a starting dose of 20 mg avatrombopag or placebo once daily. Participants will be allowed to have their dose titrated up (maximum dose 40 mg avatrombopag or matching placebo) or down (minimum dose 5 mg for avatrombopag or matching placebo) depending on their response to study drug. The goal of dose modification is to maintain the platelet count at levels greater than or equal to 50x10\^9/L and less than or equal to 150x10\^9/L, and to decrease the need for ITP-directed concomitant medications.
FIELD: medicine, homeopathy, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the development of homeopathic medicinal agent for treatment of enuresis. Invention proposes the composition containing Belladonna, Equisetum hyemale, Pulsatilla, Causticum, Ferrum phosphoricum taken in equal ratios and in dilution C12. Composition represents homeopathic medicinal agent made as sugar granules. This agent is effective in disturbance of urination in children and adults. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of agent, valuable medicinal properties. 2 cl, 1 ex
Participants received ABT-199 tablets once daily (QD) orally for up to 68 months. The starting dose was 20 mg daily, increasing over a period of 5 weeks up to the daily dose of 400 mg.
The gold standard technique for thymectomy used to be transsternal approach. Advancements in modern technology bring many evolutions in minimally invasive surgery such as Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) thymectomy gained popularity after 2000s. Recently, robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) has become into as an alternative approach to either, open surgery or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. The superiorities of RATS have been reported in series studies, such as intuitive movements, tremor filtration, more degrees of manipulative freedom, motion scaling, and high-definition stereoscopic vision.

However, the currently reported robotic thymectomy used 3 ports. Theoretically, less incisions may bring faster postoperative recovery, lighter postoperative pain and higher postoperative quality of life. The investigators have successfully performed robotic thymectomy through 2 ports and even 1 port. However, the potential benefit of less ports robotic thymectomy has not been verified through well-designed cohort study, so this clinical trial has been designed.
Procedures for the non-financial rewards arm is identical to procedures for the financial reward arm, except that the Veteran will earn points rather than cash. Each week a random drawing will be for 20 points, each monthly weigh in is worth 5 points. Veterans will be given non-financial rewards associated with the number of points they earn.
Fast and accurate diagnosis of bloodstream infection is necessary to inform treatment decisions for septic patients, who face hourly increases in mortality risk. Blood culture remains the gold standard test but typically requires approximately 15 hours to detect the presence of a pathogen. We, therefore, assessed the potential for universal digital high-resolution melt (U-dHRM) analysis to accomplish faster broad-based bacterial detection, load quantification, and species-level identification directly from whole blood. Analytical validation studies demonstrated strong agreement between U-dHRM load measurement and quantitative blood culture, indicating that U-dHRM detection is highly specific to intact organisms. In a pilot clinical study of 17 whole blood samples from pediatric patients undergoing simultaneous blood culture testing, U-dHRM achieved 100% concordance when compared with blood culture and 88% concordance when compared with clinical adjudication. Moreover, U-dHRM identified the causative pathogen to the species level in all cases where the organism was represented in the melt curve database. These results were achieved with a 1-mL sample input and sample-to-answer time of 6 hours. Overall, this pilot study suggests that U-dHRM may be a promising method to address the challenges of quickly and accurately diagnosing a bloodstream infection.
This group will receive treatment with Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure at sub-therapeutic levels for 6 weeks. Patients will be taught how to use NCPAP in the sleep lab. Pressures will be left unchanged at the lowest possible value for the NCPAP device. After completion of treatment patients will be provided usual NCPAP therapy.
INTRODUCTION: The unique safety profile of pulsed field ablation (PFA) has made pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) + left atrial posterior wall (LAPW) ablation promising for treating persistent atrial fibrillation (PerAF). The goal of this study was to assess long-term freedom from atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and atrial tachycardia (AF/AFL/AT), as well as the safety and feasibility of LAPW PFA using multipolar, pentaspline Farawave catheter.
METHODS: Retrospective observational study at a single institution. Data for 94 patients were collected from a prespecified intraprocedural registry. The long-term AF/AFL/AT recurrence assessment was based on an analysis of medical history; 24-h Holter ECGs at 3, 6, and 12 months postablation; and 12-lead ECGs recorded during symptomatic episodes or visits.
RESULTS: Half of the patients had ls-PerAF, and half had a history of catheter ablation-mostly RF PVI. The acute ablation success rate was 100%, and the primary safety outcome was observed in 2 patients. Fifty patients experienced AF/AFL/AT recurrence (54.3%). An increase in LAPW low-voltage areas and AF classification were associated with arrhythmia recurrence. After a median follow-up of 13 months, the Kaplan‒Meier estimated median time free of AF/AFL/AT after a single procedure was 14.7 months.
CONCLUSION: PFA PVI + PWA had the best outcome in perAF patients without extensive LA fibrosis. AF recurrence was paroxysmal in significant part of the cohort. The addition of PWA to PVI using multipolar PFA was safe and did not significantly influence the transpired ablation time.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose was to investigate the risk factors for delayed upper gastrointestinal transit (DUGT) in small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) and to improve the efficacy of SBCE.
METHODS: The medical records of patients who underwent SBCE in Renji hospital between January 2015 and January 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Data collection included patient demographics and potential risk factors for DUGT such as indications for the examination, underlying diseases, hospitalization status, anemia, inflammation. Risk factors were analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models. DUGT was defined as failure of a capsule to pass through the pylorus within 1 h.
RESULTS: A total of 1459 patients who underwent SBCE were included in the study. 306 Cases (21%) experienced DUGT and all received conservative observation, medication treatment, endoscopic intervention, and other measures based on specific circumstances. The overall completion rate (CR) of the examination was 95.5% (1394/1459). Logistic regression analysis showed that hospitalization status (p = 0.030), diarrhea (p = 0.017), diabetes (p = 0.027) and cerebrovascular disease (p = 0.038) were significant risk factors for DUGT.
CONCLUSIONS: In our study, DUGT of SBCE was associated with hospitalization status, diarrhea, diabetes and cerebrovascular disease. Therefore, for the patients with the above risk factors, we should closely check the capsule status during the examination process, in order to take appropriate intervention measures as soon as possible.
After local anesthesia, the surgical procedure performed was the trapezoidal-type of CAF (de Sanctis \& Zucchelli, 2007). After the flap was raised, the exposed root surface was gently scaled and planed until it became smooth. Afterward, a thin and small connective tissue graft that was sutured over the root surface. Then, the flap was coronally positioned and sutured to completely cover the graft.
Prescribers or other health professionals should inform patients, their families, and their caregivers about the benefits and risks associated with treatment with imipramine hydrochloride and should counsel them in its appropriate use. A patient Medication Guide about "Antidepressant Medicines, Depression and other Serious Mental Illness, and Suicidal Thoughts or Actions" is available for imipramine hydrochloride. The prescriber or health professional should instruct patients, their families, and their caregivers to read the Medication Guide and should assist them in understanding its contents. Patients should be given the opportunity to discuss the contents of the Medication Guide and to obtain answers to any questions they may have. The complete text of the Medication Guide is reprinted at the end of this document.

Patients should be advised of the following issues and asked to alert their prescriber if these occur while taking imipramine hydrochloride.

### Clinical Worsening and Suicide Risk

Patients, their families, and their caregivers should be encouraged to be alert to the emergence of anxiety, agitation, panic attacks, insomnia, irritability, hostility, aggressiveness, impulsivity, akathisia (psychomotor restlessness), hypomania, mania, other unusual changes in behavior, worsening of depression, and suicidal ideation, especially early during antidepressant treatment and when the dose is adjusted up or down. Families and caregivers of patients should be advised to look for the emergence of such symptoms on a day-to-day basis, since changes may be abrupt. Such symptoms should be reported to the patient's prescriber or health professional, especially if they are severe, abrupt in onset, or were not part of the patient's presenting symptoms. Symptoms such as these may be associated with an increased risk for suicidal thinking and behavior and indicate a need for very close monitoring and possibly changes in the medication.
Use of a topical compsn. which comprises a phase contg. a homogeneously distributed nutritional agent consisting of a complex medium, in the mfr. of a medicament is new, the phase being biocompatible with superficial parts of the human body and the medium contg. cpds. which are biocompatible, biomimetic and bioavailable at the cutaneous level, excluding any biological extract of animal origin. The nutritional medium is adapted to allow a human epidermal keratinocyte inoculum to be cultured in vitro (excluding the phase in which the medium is distributed) with at least one clonal proliferation taking place in the first pass.  Also claimed is a galenic base comprising the above biocompatible phase.   The complex nutritional medium contains aminoacids, vitamins, cell growth factor and mineral salts.  The compsn. consists of two phases, one of which is either: (a) a continuous aq. phase contg. the complex nutritional medium, pref. as an aq. gel or an oil-in-water emulsion; or (b) a continuous oily phase, pref. as an emulsion, with the complex nutritional medium contained in the discontinuous phase. The nutritional agent may be the active ingredient of the medicament.
Students allocated to the active comparator arm will follow 5 sessions in Class-led instruction of reading medical publication workshops. They will be divided into eight subgroups of 12 students. The first and fifth sessions will be presential, and 2nd 3rd and 4th sessions will be homework to do on internet.
Schizophrenia is a severely debilitating mental illness that affects approximately 1% of the world population. Hallucinations and delusions are the most striking characteristic positive symptoms of schizophrenia; however, more subtle negative symptoms (eg, social withdrawal and lack of emotion, energy, and motivation) may also be present. The first antipsychotics developed for the treatment of schizophrenia were effective against positive symptoms, but showed little efficacy for negative symptoms and were also associated with a high incidence of side effects. Second generation antipsychotics, represent a significant advancement in the treatment of psychotic disorders because they are effective and at the same time exhibit fewer side effects than first generation antipsychotics. Although generally safer than first generation antipsychotics, the second-generation antipsychotics are not devoid of undesirable side effects such as Hyperprolactinemia and weight gain. In addition, the safety of these drugs vary considerably.
OBJECTIVE: To create a novel chitosan antibacterial hemostatic sponge (NCAHS) and to evaluate its material and biological properties.
METHODS: Chitosan, a polysaccharide, was used as the sponge substrate and different proportions of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), glycerol, and phenol sulfonyl ethylamine were added to prepare the sponges through the freeze-drying method. The whole-blood coagulation index (BCI) was used as the screening criterion to determine the optimal concentrations of chitosan and the other additives and the hemostatic sponges were prepared accordingly. Zein/calcium carbonate (Zein/CaCO3) composite microspheres loaded with ciprofloxacin hydrochloride were prepared and added to the hemostatic sponges to obtain NCAHS. Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the microscopic morphology and porosity of the NCAHS. The water absorption rate, in vitro antibacterial susceptibility rate against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), in vitro coagulation performance, and hemocompatibility of NCAHS were examined. The coagulation performance of NCAHS was evaluated by using rabbit liver injury and rabbit auricular artery hemorrhageear models and commercial hemostatic sponge (CHS) was used as a control. The in vivo biocompatibility, including such aspects as cytotoxicity, skin irritation in animals, and acute in vivo toxicity, of the NCAHS extracts was examined by using as a reference the national standards for biological evaluation of medical devices.
RESULTS: The NCAHS prepared with 1.5% chitosan (W/V), 0.01% STPP (W/V), 0% glycerol (V/V), 0.15% phenol-sulfonyl-ethylamine (V/V), Zein and CaCO3 at the mixing ratio of 5∶1 (W/W), Zein at the final mass concentration of 2.5 g/L, and ethanol at the final concentration of 17.5% (V/V) were fine and homogeneous, possessing a honeycomb-like porous structure with a pore size of about 200 μm. The NCAHS thus prepared had the lowest BCI value. The water absorption ([2362.16±201.15] % vs. [1102.56±91.79]%) and in vitro coagulation performance (31.338% vs. 1.591%) of NCAHS were significantly better than those of CHS (P<0.01). Tests with the in vivo auricular artery hemorrhage model ([36.00±13.42] s vs. [80.00±17.32] s) and rabbit liver bleeding model ([30.00±0] s vs. [70.00±17.32] s) showed that the hemostasis time of NCAHS was significantly shorter than that of CHS (P<0.01). NCAHS had significant inhibitory ability against S. aureus and E. coli. In addition, NCAHS showed good in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility.
CONCLUSION: NCAHS is a composite sponge that shows excellent antimicrobial properties, hemostatic effect, and biocompatibility. Therefore, its extensive application in clinical settings is warranted.
1\. If the patient has not adhered to the prescribed dosage regimen, the possibility of pregnancy should be considered after the first missed period and oral contraceptives should be withheld until pregnancy has been ruled out.

2\. If the patient has adhered to the prescribed regimen and misses two consecutive periods, pregnancy should be ruled out before continuing the contraceptive regimen.

After several months on treatment, bleeding may be reduced to a point of virtual absence. This reduced flow may occur as a result of medication, in which event it is not indicative of pregnancy.
During the 12-month trial, participants will be given a fixed weight-based dose of Placebo. The full medication dose will be 3g/day for participants weighing \<31 kg, 5g/day for those weighing \>31 - \<51 kg, and 6g/day for participants \>51 kg. These doses will be divided into three doses to be taken with meals.
Take 2 hours after meals. Do not exceed recommended dose. Discontinue use if symptoms of intolerance appear. The type of anemia and underlying cause or causes should be determined before starting therapy with Ferralet ®90 tablets. Ensure Hgb, Hct, reticulocyte count are determined before starting therapy and periodically thereafter during prolonged treatment. Periodically review therapy to determine if it needs to be continued without change or if a dose change is indicated. This product contains FD&C Yellow No. 5 (tartrazine, which may cause allergic-type reactions (including bronchial asthma) in certain susceptible persons. Although the overall incidence of FD&C Yellow No. 5 (tartrazine) sensitivity in the general population is low, it is frequently seen in patients who also have aspirin hypersensitivity.