anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
* HYSINGLA ER should be prescribed only by healthcare professionals who are knowledgeable about the use of extended-release/long-acting opioids and how to mitigate the associated risks.
  * Daily doses of HYSINGLA ER greater than or equal to 80 mg are only for use in patients in whom tolerance to an opioid of comparable potency has been established. Patients who are opioid tolerant are those receiving, for one week or longer, at least 60 mg oral morphine per day, 25 mcg transdermal fentanyl per hour, 30 mg oral oxycodone per day, 8 mg oral hydromorphone per day, 25 mg oral oxymorphone per day, 60 mg oral hydrocodone per day, or an equianalgesic dose of another opioid.
  * Use the lowest effective dosage for the shortest duration of time consistent with individual patient treatment goals [see Warnings and Precautions (5)]. Because the risk of overdose increases as opioid doses increase, reserve titration to higher doses of HYSINGLA ER for patients in whom lower doses are insufficiently effective and in whom the expected benefits of using a higher dose opioid clearly outweigh the substantial risks.
  * Initiate the dosing regimen for each patient individually, taking into account the patient's underlying cause and severity of pain, prior analgesic treatment and response, and risk factors for addiction, abuse, and misuse [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
  * Respiratory depression can occur at any time during opioid therapy, especially when initiating and following dosage increases with HYSINGLA ER. Consider this risk when selecting an initial dose and when making dose adjustments [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
  * Instruct patients to swallow HYSINGLA ER tablets whole, one tablet at a time, with enough water to ensure complete swallowing immediately after placing in the mouth. Instruct patients not to pre-soak, lick, or otherwise wet the tablet prior to placing in the mouth [see Warnings and Precautions (5.13)]. Crushing, chewing, or dissolving HYSINGLA ER tablets will result in uncontrolled delivery of hydrocodone and can lead to overdose or death [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
  * HYSINGLA ER is administered orally once daily (every 24 hours). Multiple tablets of lower dose strengths that provide the desired total daily dose can be taken as a once daily dose.
Cognitive impairments (such as problems with attention, executive functions, memory and language abilities) are common in people with brain metastases as a result of disease and/or treatment effects. These impairments can significantly limit functional independence, participation in valued roles and activities, and overall quality of life.

Building on research in other cognitively-impaired populations, we designed a brief, structured, patient-centered Cognitive Support Program (CSP) for brain metastases patients, who have the option of participating with a caregiver. Program contents include supportive psychoeducation, mindfulness practice, and strategy training (e.g., strategies to improve memory or concentration). This prospective, single-arm study will enroll 24 brain metastases patients to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of the CSP. A battery of outcome measures is administered (1) prior to intervention, (2) after completing the CSP, and (3) after an additional 3 months to evaluate longer-term outcomes. Feasibility assessment will include program retention and adherence. Reliable change analyses will examine treatment effects, with regression analyses to explore moderating effects of select patient, disease and treatment factors (e.g., severity of baseline cognitive impairment, number of brain lesions, cranial radiation dose and distribution). Results of this trial will inform further development and implementation of evidence-based supportive care for cognitively-impaired brain metastases patients.
The utility model relates to an enriched plaster patch used for treating low fever caused by frightening, and belongs to the field of plaster patch. The enriched plaster patch comprises a base layer, a plaster adhibition layer, medicine and a protecting film. The enriched plaster patch is characterized in that a groove used for storing medicine is arranged on the plaster adhibition layer with a 60 percent to 90 percent of area, and medicine is filled in the groove; the medicine comprises extracts of cape jasmine, peach kernel, green tea and peppermint, diclofenac sodium and water-soluble gel; a base layer of the plaster patch and adopts a non-woven fabrics, and the protecting film comprises anti-sticking paper. The enriched plaster patch has sufficient amount of plaster compared with that of the present plaster because the groove used for storing medicine is arranged on the plaster adhibition layer with a 60 percent to 90 percent of area, and medicine is filled in the groove, and the therapeutic effect is better than the plaster of same present medicine. In addition, no other additional cost is caused for no other structure is added compared with that of the present plaster except for the increased medicine. Since the medicine comprises extracts of cape jasmine, peach kernel, green tea and peppermint, diclofenac sodium and water-soluble gel, the plaster patch can be used for treating low fever caused by frightening.
OBJECTIVES: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) endotypes have demonstrated clinical value in guiding treatment decisions. Bacterial lysates are immunomodulators that have shown beneficial effects in various respiratory inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of postoperative bacterial lysate therapy on different CRS endotypes.
METHODS: Patients diagnosed with CRS who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery were recruited. Bacterial lysates were administered postoperatively for 10 days per month for 3 months to the experimental group comprising patients with a history of frequent upper respiratory infections without adverse reactions. The remaining participants were allocated to the control group. The results of the postoperative 3-, 6-, and 12-month assessments, including the modified Lund-Kennedy (mLK) endoscopic and Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT) 22 scores, for the groups were compared. The tissue samples obtained from the participants were evaluated to detect the presence of relevant inflammatory mediators.
RESULTS: Among the 92 participants, 47 started bacterial lysate therapy 2 weeks after the surgery. The tissue cytokine profiles and clinical parameters, such as the disease severity and blood eosinophil percentage, of the bacterial lysate and control groups were comparable before treatment. The mLK endoscopic and SNOT-22 scores did not differ after 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up. The subgroup analysis revealed that the bacterial lysate group had significantly lower mLK endoscopic scores than the control group for CRS without nasal polyps, while there was a tendency toward significance for the interleukin (IL)-5 negative group after 6 months.
CONCLUSION: Postoperative bacterial lysate therapy has some beneficial effects on the endoscopic findings of patients with CRS without nasal polyps or those who are negative for IL-5.
Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is characterized by port-wine stains, mixed vascular malformations, and soft tissue and bone hypertrophy. Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is occasionally complicated by chyluria, for which there is no effective treatment currently. We report a case of KTS complicated by intractable chyluria and hematuria due to a lymphatic-ureteral fistula. The patient was successfully treated with multiple lymphaticovenular anastomoses (LVAs).A 66-year-old woman with an enlarged left lower extremity since childhood was diagnosed with KTS. At 60 years of age, she developed chyluria (urine albumin, 2224 μg/mL) and hematuria. Lymphoscintigraphy showed a lymphatic-ureteral fistula near the ureterovesical junction. Conservative treatment was ineffective. She also developed left lower extremity lymphedema, which gradually worsened. Leg cellulitis and purulent pericarditis developed because of hypoalbuminemia (minimum serum albumin level, 1.3 g/dL).We performed 14 LVAs in 2 surgeries to reduce lymphatic fluid flow through the lymphatic-ureteral fistula. The chyluria and hematuria resolved soon after the second operation, and the urine albumin level decreased (3 μg/mL). After 28 months, she had no chyluria or hematuria recurrence and her serum albumin level improved (3.9 g/dL). Multiple LVAs can definitively treat chyluria caused by a lymphatic-ureteral fistula in patients with KTS.
The present study is a pilot diagnostic accuracy study conducted to assess the diagnostic ability of a novel APD for auricular point detection among patients with knee osteoarthritis, as compared with an already commercialized device. The investigators will test if the novel APD could provide a more reliable and quantifiable diagnosis than traditional devices currently available in the market; They will also use the APD device to test whether the cutaneous electrical impedance detected from the corresponding auricular points by the novel device is the lowest in the knee and lower limb area in the KOA population. As a pilot study, 12 patients with KOA will be recruited from the Department of Anesthesiology, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong. 12 healthy subjects will be recruited from the university community. Auricular acupoint detection will be accomplished with the new device and a control device. The electrical impedance will be measured and recorded. Patient's condition will also be evaluated by the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). The specificity and sensitivity of the auricular point detection by the APD device will be calculated. Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ) will be used to test the inter-methods reliability, test-retest reliability, and inter-tester reliability. Moreover, the Pearson Correlation Coefficient will be used to test the correlation between the electrical impedance of the auricular point of knee and the KOOS score and WOMAC score.
The invention aims at developing a pure Chinese materia medica preparation technology which can control prniosis relapse based on the characteristics that dermatosis at the frostbite part of patients with chilblain easily relapses in winter by dedicated efforts. The Chinese materia medica preparation is named as Dongchuang Juefuning in Chinese pinyin and the characteristics is that the preparation is brown green soft ester peptone, grease or off-white ointment (to be developed); With regard to the pharmacology, the preparation has strong inhibition and disinfection effects on pathogenic bacteria and viruses such as rheumatic virus, staphylococcus, streptococcus, white candida albicans, addictive collagen virus, single vesication-varicella virus, and the like, and has the functions of resisting inflammation, eliminating the swelling, convergence, promoting tissue regeneration, alleviating pain, alleviating itching and preventing relapse. The preparation comprises the ingredients as follows: persimmon leaf, giant knotweed, glossy privet fruit, Chinese starjasmine stem, honey, etc. The preparation has the functions of expelling wind and cold dissipation, activating blood circulation and eliminating the swelling, detoxicating and alleviating itching, killing bacteria and viruses, convergence, promoting tissue regeneration and preventing relapse. The preparation is used for frostbite at hands, feet, ears, face and other exposed parts: papule, pustule, hard acne, reddish swelling, ulcer, itching and chilblain at wounds. The preparation adopts the technology that the Chinese medicinal herbs are crushed and mixed to be made into solution, the solution is filtered and aired to obtain the effective ingredients, the effective ingredients are added to the melted grease in which the water is removed, then vaseline and honey are added and stirred, therefore, a plaster ester peptone is obtained after cooling.
A method for the detection of apoptosis by determining presence, amount, or activity of apoptosis-specific markers released from at least one cell undergoing apoptosis into an extracellular medium through cellular release mechanisms is disclosed. The extracellular medium includes body fluids, in particular urine, inflammatory fluid, serum, liquor, or cell culture medium, wherein samples are preferably taken from humans or animals. The method can be used for the diagnosis and/or for therapy control of diseases and/or processes associated with increased apoptosis. It can also be used for therapy control of diseases associated with decreased apoptosis. Additionally, a method is disclosed for the identification of apoptosis-modulating substances, characterized in that apoptosis-specific markers released from a cell culture sample into an extracellular cell culture medium through cellular release mechanisms are determined. The invention also concerns the use of an apoptosis detection kit for determining extracellular apoptosis-specific markers. It further relates to the use of cytochrome c and/or peptides derived thereof as a medicament, pharmaceutical compositions comprising cytochrome c and/or peptides derived thereof, and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and the use of cytochrome c and/or peptides derived thereof, for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of diseases with inflammatory manifestation.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a dry shampoo sheet which does not require rinsing with water and is used for washing the hair and the scalp and to provide a method for cleaning the head and the scalp using the dry shampoo sheet and an apparatus for using the dry shampoo sheet.  <P>SOLUTION: The dry shampoo sheet comprises a nonwoven fabric composed of heat-melting resin-coated rayon fibers which has 60-90 wt.% of rayon and 10-40 wt.% of a heat-fusing resin and in which a heat-melting resin is arranged on the surface of the rayon fibers and at least a part of the interlacing parts of the fibers is fixed by the molten heat-melting resin and having 50-70 g/m<SP>2</SP>weight and a liquid agent in an amount of 280-430 parts wt. impregnated into 100 parts wt. of the nonwoven fabric. The dry shampoo sheet comprises 10-60 wt.% of ethanol, 0.1-3 wt.% of a humectant, 0.01-3 wt.% of a surfactant and the rest of water in 100 wt.% of the liquid agent. In using the sheet, a specific fitting device is used. The dry shampoo sheet has no liquid oozing and is readily used by use together with the fitting device.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
A pet bed that provides an ideal resting place for pets is disclosed herein. The pet bed comprises a fabric shell and a bed filler contained within the fabric shell. The fabric shell defines a support region and a continuous sidewall emanating therefrom to surround an open center area. The fabric shell is made of organic hemp canvas and the bed filler is made of organic latex. The bed filler comprises a padding made of organic latex. A cushion is removably positioned in the center area of the fabric shell. At least one pocket is disposed on the sidewall of the fabric shell, and a healing crystal is removably inserted within the pocket. As a result, the pet bed spreads positive energy and provides comfort, healing, wellness, happiness and peace of mind to a pet and a pet owner.
Chikungunya fever (CKF), a neglected tropical disease caused by the chikungunya virus, manifests with skin pigmentary changes in a significant portion of people. A myriad of pigmentary alterations in individuals with CKF have been documented in the literature. This review highlights the pathogenesis, clinical features, histopathology, diagnosis and treatment of CKF-associated pigmentation. Notable presentations include the 'Chik sign' often seen in neonates and children. Treatment involves reassurance and topical agents for persistent pigmentation. Understanding these pigmentary changes is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management, facilitating improved patient outcomes. Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize therapeutic strategies.
Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, has demonstrated clinically important weight loss effects in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, its effects on sustained weight loss in patients without diabetes remains unclear. Our objective was to examine the long-term efficacy and safety of semaglutide use for weight loss in patients with overweight/obesity and without diabetes. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Libraries were systematically searched to identify randomized controlled trials that randomized participants with overweight/obesity and without diabetes to once-weekly 2.4 mg subcutaneous semaglutide versus placebo, with a follow-up of at least 68 weeks. The primary outcome was a change in relative body weight from baseline to the longest follow-up. Random-effects models with inverse variance weighting were used to estimate the weighted mean differences (WMDs) and relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 4 randomized controlled trials (n = 3,087) were included. Of the 3 trials that provided body mass index by category (n = 2,783), 94.0% of the participants had a baseline body mass index ≥30 kg/m2. Compared with placebo, the use of semaglutide was associated with substantial decreases in long-term relative (WMD -12.1%, 95% CI -13.5 to -10.7) and absolute body weight (WMD -12.3 kg, 95% CI -13.6 to -11.0). At the longest follow-up, 33.4% of participants randomized to semaglutide achieved ≥20% weight loss compared with 2.2% with placebo (RR 15.08, 95% CI 9.31 to 24.43). The risk of gastrointestinal adverse events was higher in participants who took semaglutide than placebo (RR 1:47, 95% CI 1.28 to 1.68); however, the majority of these events were transient and mild-to-moderate in severity and did not require treatment discontinuation. In conclusion, semaglutide is efficacious for sustained weight loss in patients with overweight/obesity and without diabetes.
BACKGROUND: In the treatment of chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI), the repair of the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) and anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) is still being discussed, possibly due to the difficulty in assessing CFL injuries. In particular, it is challenging to evaluate the extent of CFL deficiency quantitively. We hypothesized that CFL tension change would alter morphology of the CFL on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and that measuring this morphological change allows assessing CFL injury quantitatively. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the feasibility of quantitatively assessing CFL injuries using MRI.
METHODS: Sixty-four ankles with CLAI were included and divided into two groups: with (ATFL and CFL group, 31 ankles) or without CFL repair (ATFL group, 33 ankles) in addition to arthroscopic ATFL repair. The angle between the CFL and calcaneal axis (CFLCA) and the bending angles of the CFL was defined as the flexed CFL angle (FCA) were measured on the oblique CFL view of preoperative MRI. The diagnostic abilities of these angles for CFL injury and correlations between these angles and stress radiographs were analyzed.
RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity of CFLCA were 86.7 % and 88.7 %, and those of FCA were 63.3 % and 77.4 %, respectively. The combination of CFLCA and FCA improved the sensitivity to 93.3 %. The cutoff points of CFLCA and FCA were 3.8° and 121.2°, respectively. There were significant moderate and weak correlations between the talar tilting angle and CFLCA or FCA (rs = -0.533, and rs = -0.402, respectively). The CFLCA and FCA were significantly smaller in the ATFL and CFL group than those in the other groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of CFLCA and FCA in oblique CFL view on MRI could be useful for the quantitative evaluation of CFL injury in patients with CLAI. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV. case-control study.
Chronic infection with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) often results in a dysfunctional virus-specific T cell response hampering viral clearance. Paradoxically, intrahepatic inflammatory responses that contribute more to liver histopathology than to viral suppression are commonly observed, which are widely believed to be cell mediated. The involvement of humoral immunity in this process however is not well documented. To investigate the possible roles of HBV Capsid-Antibody Complexes (CACs) in eliciting chronic liver inflammation, we developed a novel microplate-based assay for the quantification of CACs in serum. The CACs assay showed high sensitivity and specificity with its readout closely correlating with the molecular features of CACs. A cross-sectional study on untreated chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients showed a 77% positive rate for CACs with significant association with alanine transaminase (ALT), intrahepatic inflammation, and complement deposition, suggestive of its functional role in hepatic injury. Multiple staining of complement activation fragment C4d with major leukocyte and myofibroblast markers revealed an intertwined picture in periportal area with a morphology reminiscent of "piecemeal necrosis". In a pooled cohort with ALT levels lower than 40 IU/ml, CACs alone revealed subclinical liver inflammation. We provide definitive evidence for a causative role for CACs in complement-mediated intrahepatic immunopathology, an additional mechanism contributing to liver damage in CHB. Assessment of CACs in serum complements current clinical markers for assessing CHB associated inflammation.
This non-randomised arm (recruited separately; anticipated sample size of 500 subjects, not counted in the overall anticipated sample size) consists of subjects not intending to participate in the Selfapy online support program. Assessment points in this arm are comparable to those in the arm "Online support program" (in the 'No intervention (natural course)' arm, T1 refers to time of study inclusion).
OBJECTIVE: To observe the angiogenesis effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at Shuigou acupoint (GV 26) in the treatment of cerebral ischemia, and explore the value of miRNA-7 (miR-7) in it.
METHODS: First, 48 mice were randomly divided into sham operation, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model, and EA treatment groups. Then 9 mice were divided into carrier control group, miR-7 knockout group and miR-7 overexpression group (n=3 each group). Finally, 20 mice were divided into model and carrier control group, model and miR-7 knockout group, EA treatment and carrier control group and EA treatment and miR-7 overexpression group, with 3-6 mice in each group. The MCAO model was established in the MCAO and EA groups. Neurological deficit score and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining were used to evaluate the severity of cerebral ischemia. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to describe basic pathological changes. Immunohistochemistry was used to quantify cerebral microvessel density. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of miR-7 and its downstream target genes Krüppel-like factor 4/vascular endothelial growth factor (KLF4/VEGF) and angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2) in the ischemic cerebral cortex.
RESULTS: After EA, neurological deficit scores and infarction volumes decreased, and the density of cerebral microvessels increased. In the MCAO group, miR-7 expression was higher than that in the sham group (P<0.01). After EA at GV 26, miR-7 expression decreased (P<0.01) and the expression of downstream target genes KLF4/VEGF and ANG-2 increased as compared with the MCAO group (P<0.01). After EA combined with overexpression of miR-7, the expression of downstream target genes KLF4/VEGF and ANG-2 decreased compared to the control EA group (P<0.01). After miR-7 knockdown, the expression of KLF4/VEGF and ANG-2 increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: EA could promote angiogenesis in MCAO mice likely by inhibiting the expression of miR-7 and relieving inhibition of downstream target genes KLF4/VEGF and ANG-2.
Patients enrolled in this group will be given oral capsule Placebo daily for 12 weeks with doctor provided Nintedanib or Pirfenidone. The number of placebo capsules will be equal to that of 300 mg EGCG.