anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This is a randomized (study drug assigned by chance), 2-arm, double-blind study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TMC435 (also referred to as jnj-38733214-aaa) versus placebo in combination with the standard of care (SoC) therapy (peginterferon alfa-2a \[pegIFN alfa-2a\] and ribavirin) in adult treatment-naïve patients (who never received treatment for HCV) with chronic genotype 1 HCV infection in Japan. The study objective is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of TMC435 vs placebo by the proportion of the patients with undetectable HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA). In the TMC435 treatment group, patients will receive 12 weeks of treatment with TMC435 (100 mg) once daily plus SoC followed by an additional 12 or 36 weeks of treatment with SoC. In the placebo treatment group, patients will receive 12 weeks of treatment with placebo once daily plus SoC followed by an additional 36 weeks of treatment with SoC. TMC435 is a 100-mg capsule and will be taken orally by mouth. The SoC treatment will be given for 24 or 48 weeks. Pegylated interferon is supplied as a vial containing 1.0 mL solution with 180 mcg pegIFN alpha-2a and administered subcutaneously (injected by a syringe under the skin) once weekly. Ribavirin is given as 200-mg tablets (daily dose: 600-1000 mg based on body weight), and taken orally by mouth two times a day after meals.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the preoperative and perioperative risk parameters associated with a decrease in hemoglobin (Hb) in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).
METHODS: We collected prospective data of consecutive patients who underwent PCNL from January 2018 to December 2022. The median decrease in post-operative hemoglobin levels compared to pre-operative was found to be 1.5 g/dl. This value was the cut-off value that divided the sample into two groups. Group 1 has a decrease in Hb levels that is higher or equal to the cutoff, group 2 has a decrease in Hb levels that is lower than the cut-off. All preoperative, stone characteristics and perioperative factors were recorded.
RESULTS: A total of 273 patients were included in the study, 141 in Group 1 and 132 in Group 2. The mean age of Group 1 was significantly higher (55.48 ± 8.73 vs 45.9 ± 10.75 years, p < 0.05). The mean bleeding of Group 1 was significantly higher (285.85 ± 113.68 vs 135 ± 77.54 ml, p < 0.05). There was a significant difference in mean operation time between groups (86.35 ± 32.05 vs 64.89 ± 27.83 min, p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the variables age, comorbid diabetes mellitus, intraoperative bleeding amount, and operation time had a significant relationship with Hb reduction in patients undergoing PCNL (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Older age, comorbid diabetes mellitus, large amounts of intraoperative bleeding, and longer operating time are factors associated with PCNL-related postoperative hemoglobin decrease.
BACKGROUND: This study explores the factors contributing to the occurrence of delirium following cardiac surgery and devises nursing strategies rooted in behavior change theory.
METHODS: A cohort of 320 cardiac surgery patients was selected, categorized into two groups: 93 cases where postoperative delirium (POD) was anticipated, and 227 cases where it was not. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors of POD were scrutinized using single-factor analysis, while binary logistic regression analysis was employed to pinpoint risk factors.
RESULTS: Among the 320 patients, 93 displayed POD symptoms post-surgery, yielding an incidence of 29.06%. Preoperative univariate analysis disclosed significant differences in gender, age, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes (P < 0.05). Intraoperatively, significant differences were noted in the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) anesthesia grade (II, III, and IV), surgery time, cardiopulmonary bypass duration, and aortic occlusion duration (P < 0.05). Post-surgery, significant differences were observed in the duration of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay, mechanical ventilation time, and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression identified surgery time (OR = 2.334, P < 0.001), ICU admission duration (OR = 1.457, P < 0.001), mechanical ventilation time (OR = 1.235, P = 0.004), and VAS scores (OR = 2.986, P < 0.001) as independent risk factors for POD. ROC curve analysis indicated higher sensitivity and specificity in predicting POD with surgery time, ICU stay duration, mechanical ventilation time, and VAS scores.
CONCLUSION: Irrespective of the surgical intervention type, surgery time, ICU stay duration, mechanical ventilation time, and VAS scores are recognized as risk factors for POD in cardiac surgery patients. Hence, continuous patient monitoring and early intervention tailored to specific risk factors are essential in clinical practice to mitigate POD incidence.
A preliminary pilot study is first will be conducted among a group of healthy volunteers. This pilot study aims to assess the feasibility of the intervention and obtain pre-eliminary data on its efficacy before proceeding to the full-scale research study. Next, in the actual trial among pregnant mothers, participants will be informed about the study and potential risk. All patients giving written informed consent will go one week screening period to assess for study eligibility prior to enrollment. At week 0, single-blind randomization (subject and health care providers except for principal investigator) will be conducted and participant will be randomized into two groups namely; the control group and the intervention group. The control group will receive standard dietary counselling on a healthy pregnancy diet. Meanwhile, the intervention group will receive dietary intervention which is tailored to the study objective to increase targeted bacteria of Prevotella sp and the short-chain fatty acids namely butyrate. The trial will be in 20 weeks duration during pregnancy and additional 12-months follow up for the delivered infants.
Spasticity is not only the most common motor disorder but also the main cause of slowly developing secondary problems like contractures in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Spastic wrist flexion deformity is a very common problem in children with CP and can be primarily due to spasticity of the palmar muscle complex, can be exacerbated by the weakness of the antagonist dorsiflexor muscles and can involve soft tissue and joint contractures. Although serial casting (SC) is one of the commonly used interventions in addition to botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injections and physical therapy for spastic deformities of lower extremity of children with CP, there is limited data on SC in the upper extremity. Skin irritation or breakdown, painful epizodes, oedema, tendonitis, weakness, stiffness are some of the side effects reported after SC. Moreover casting especially when prolonged might complicate activities of daily living for instance by increasing the risk of falls or causing problems in bathing. Recent evidence from literature favors early, goal oriented, activity based, intensive, repetitive motor trainings in enriched environments to optimize neuroplasticity in children with CP. Prolonged serial casting might also interfere with these activity based, intensive rehabilitation options for upper extremity.

In this prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial in order to overcome the issues with patient compliance, side effects and combined treatment options an intermittent SC model was developed. The objective of this study was to show the effects of intermittent SC when combined with occupational therapy (OT) and BoNT-A injections on spasticity, and passive range of motion (pROM) of children with CP having spastic wrist flexion deformity.
All participants in the active group will be treated with basic acupoints Zhongwan (CV 12), Tianshu (ST25) in alternation with Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zusanli (ST 36). Moreover according to traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis, additional acupoints will be added. The frequency of acupressure treatment will be twice a day for 4 weeks, in total 56 sets.
A pharmaceutical compsn. contains 2-(alpha-hydroxy-benzyl)-acetidine (I) or its acid addn. salts as active ingredient. The compsns. have antilipogenic and anorexigenic activity and are suitable for treating fatty degeneration in mammals. The antilipogenic effect causes a reduction in the amt. of body fat and therefore in the body wt. There are no side effects like those produced by amphetamide and other sympathomimetics with anorexigenic activity (isomnia, nervousness, tachycardia etc.). The compsns. reduce the conversion of carbohydrates into fats ED50 of (I) is 0.2-30 mg/kg. (I) is relatively non-toxic.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject inhibitor which inhibits the expression of P- related genes to permit the improvement and prevention for dyschromatosis, e.g. senile pigmentation or the like, by consisting of orizanol. SOLUTION: The objective inhibitor is obtained by consisting of orizanol The orizanol is an unsaponifiable material existing in rice bran and a general term for compound groups with absorption maxima in 231, 291 and 315 nm and can be obtained by extracting the unsaponifiable material fiom rice-bran oil. By including this inhibitor preferably in a proportion of 0.01-10 wt.%, more preferably in a proportion of 0.005-5 wt.%, the cosmetic for improvement and/or prevention for dyschromatosis such as senile pigmentation or the like caused by P-related genes is obtained. The P-related gene is a general term for genes in various animals which show extremely high homology to pink-eyed dilution locus in mice, e.g. pink-eyed dilution locus found on the seventh gene in mice, P-gene in human being or the like.
This article describes the rationale, aims, and methodology of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP® SCZ). This is the largest international collaboration to date that will develop algorithms to predict trajectories and outcomes of individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis and to advance the development and use of novel pharmacological interventions for CHR individuals. We present a description of the participating research networks and the data processing analysis and coordination center, their processes for data harmonization across 43 sites from 13 participating countries (recruitment across North America, Australia, Europe, Asia, and South America), data flow and quality assessment processes, data analyses, and the transfer of data to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Data Archive (NDA) for use by the research community. In an expected sample of approximately 2000 CHR individuals and 640 matched healthy controls, AMP SCZ will collect clinical, environmental, and cognitive data along with multimodal biomarkers, including neuroimaging, electrophysiology, fluid biospecimens, speech and facial expression samples, novel measures derived from digital health technologies including smartphone-based daily surveys, and passive sensing as well as actigraphy. The study will investigate a range of clinical outcomes over a 2-year period, including transition to psychosis, remission or persistence of CHR status, attenuated positive symptoms, persistent negative symptoms, mood and anxiety symptoms, and psychosocial functioning. The global reach of AMP SCZ and its harmonized innovative methods promise to catalyze the development of new treatments to address critical unmet clinical and public health needs in CHR individuals.
An 80-year-old male patient presented with a 2.5 cm-sized submucosal tumor on the greater curvature side of the upper gastric body during an endoscopic examination in 200X. We diagnosed gastric GIST by biopsy and performed laparoscopic- assisted partial gastrectomy. Imatinib was started as postoperative adjuvant therapy, but was discontinued after 1 month due to eyelid edema. The patient was followed up with a contrast-enhanced CT scan and a PET-CT scan. A 7 cm-sized mass in the gastrosplenic region was discovered on a 200X+7 years CT scan; this mass was thought to be possible recurrence of peritoneal dissemination. The patient did not want to undergo surgery or drug treatment, and was followed up. Five months later he complained of abdominal pain. The CT scan showed that the mass had shrunk slightly, but a small amount of ascites was observed, and tumor rupture was suspected. Therefore, we performed resection of the tumor in the office. Numerous disseminated nodules were found in the intra-abdominal cavity. Pathological examination revealed recurrence of GIST, and the patient was started on imatinib 200 mg/day. The dose was temporarily increased to 300 mg/day, but was reduced again to 200 mg/day 1 month later due to eyelid edema. Thereafter, the dose was temporarily discontinued due to stomatitis, and from 200X+8 years, 200 mg/day was administered for 2 weeks and then discontinued for 2 weeks. At present, 14 years after the first surgery and 6 years after recurrence, he remains alive thanks to imatinib continuation.
The intervention was based on the WHO-endorsed manual entitled Positive Connections: Leading Information and Support Groups for Adolescents Living with HIV. For Family Connections, a caregiver companion guide was developed. In brief, adolescent/caregiver pairs attended 10 intervention sessions held every other Saturday at their HIV clinic over a six-month period.
Patients receive pembrolizumab intravenously (IV) over approximately 30 minutes and ziv-aflibercept IV over 1-2 hours on day 1. Cycles repeat every 2 weeks for up to 2 years in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo CT scan, MRI, blood sample collection and tumor biopsy throughout the study.
BACKGROUND: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) does not benefit all patients. We performed a prospective multicenter study to investigate the cost-effectiveness of TAVR in a Japanese cohort.
METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively enrolled 110 symptomatic patients with severe AS who underwent TAVR from five institutions. The quality of life measurement (QOL) was performed for each patient before and at 6 months after TAVR. Patients without an improvement in QOL at 6 months after TAVR were defined as non-responders. Pre-TAVR higher QOL, higher clinical frailty scale predicted the non-responders. Three models, 1) conservative treatment for all patients strategy, 2) TAVR for all patients strategy, and 3) TAVR for a selected patient strategy who is expected to be a responder, were simulated. Lifetime cost-effectiveness was estimated using incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. In comparison to conservative therapy for all patients, ICER was estimated to be 5,765,800 yen/QALY for TAVR for all patients and 2,342,175 yen/QALY for TAVR for selected patient strategy patients, which is less than the commonly accepted ICER threshold of 5,000,000 yen/QALY.
CONCLUSIONS: TAVR for selected patient strategy model is more cost-effective than TAVR for all patient strategy without reducing QOL in the Japanese healthcare system. TAVR for selected patient strategy has potential benefit for optimizing the TAVR treatment in patients with high frailty and may direct our resources toward beneficial interventions.
The hyper-IgE syndromes (HIES) are disorder characterized by markedly elevated serum IgE levels, eosinophilia, dermatitis, and recurrent skin and lung infections. The autosomal dominant form of HIES, Job's syndrome, is also characterized by skeletal abnormalities and lung cysts, and is caused primarily by a mutation in the STAT3 gene. The most common allergic or atopic symptoms seen in HIES include a characteristic rash and bronchial hyper-responsiveness. The rash tends to respond to systemic antimicrobials, topical antiseptics, mad steroids. It is unclear what the role, if any, IgE plays in the pathogenesis of these allergic (and perhaps non-allergic) phenotypes.

Omalizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody specific for the FcepsilonRI portion of IgE that does not cross-link IgE. It has been used for amelioration of severe asthma and food allergies, and is being studied in a number of other allergic diseases. This study aims to determine whether administration of omalizumab is safe in patients with HIES, effective in inducing FcepsilonRI downregulation, and in reducing some of the cutaneous and/or respiratory symptoms associated with HIES. It also aims to determine whether the present maximum indicated dose has any effect on patients with HIES who have greater than indicated IgE levels. Finally, it aims to assess the safety and pharmacodynamic profile of increased doses of omalizumab likely to be required in most patients with HIES.
PURPOSE: Despite efficient biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients still suffer from high fatigue. This study aims to further our knowledge by assessing severity levels of the various fatigue dimensions and their associations with pain, sleep quality, and psychological well-being in bDMARDs treated RA patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 146 RA patients (84.9% females; mean age 56.6 ± 13.6 years), who completed the MFI-20, SF-36, PSQI, GAD-7 and PHQ-9. Correlation analyses and multiple linear regressions were used to analyse the data.
RESULTS: General fatigue was the highest reported type of fatigue, followed by physical fatigue dimensions. In the final regression model, pain and disability were significantly associated with physical fatigue (p ≤ 0.001, p ≤ 0.05, respectively) and reduced activity (p ≤ 0.01, p ≤ 0.05, respectively). Anxiety was significantly associated with mental fatigue (p ≤ 0.05) and reduced motivation (p ≤ 0.01). Regression analyses showed no significant associations between depression, sleep quality, and fatigue in any of the final models.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that effectively addressing fatigue in RA patients requires an individualized approach. This approach should acknowledge the varying degrees of fatigue across different fatigue dimensions (physical or mental), while also taking into account the patient's mental health problems, pain levels, and disability levels.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound expressed by formula I (formula II represents single bond or double bond, provided that all the formulas II represent single bond or formula II between the positions 2 and 2' and all the other formula II represent double bond or formula II between the positions 2 and 3 represents single bond and all the other formulas II represent double bond). EXAMPLE:2,6,6,9-Tetramethyl-1-methoxy-cycloundecane. USE:A perfume substance or synthetic intermediate therefor which is a compound having strong woody, amberlike or balsamlike fragrance with improved lasting quality and useful in the filed of perfume industry and used also as an active ingredient for flavoring and improving agent for foods and drinks (including tasty materials), cosmetics, health, hygiene, medicines, etc. PREPARATION:A compound expressed by formula III is reacted with an alcoholate forming agent, e.g. NaH, etc., in an organic solvent and the resultant product is further reacted with a methylating agent, e.g. dimethyl sulfate, etc., to afford the aimed compound expressed by formula I (all the formulas II are single bond).
We implemented flipped learning for a gross anatomy dissection course and compared its effects on students' motivation and academic achievement with those of traditional dissection methods. We invited 142 first-year medical students at Chonnam National University Medical School to participate in this study. All participants engaged in traditional dissection methods in the first part of the study and flipped learning in the latter part. Medical students' motivation to learn anatomy by cadaveric dissection was measured using the ARCS (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction) model. Thereafter, all students completed a written examination consisting of 96 multiple-choice questions. The students' mean motivational score regarding attention was significantly higher in association with flipped learning than with traditional learning. However, the students' mean motivational scores regarding relevance, confidence, and satisfaction were not significantly different between the methods. Additionally, the mean anatomy practice test score was significantly higher in association with flipped learning than with traditional learning. The students' motivational scores and anatomy practice test scores associated with flipped learning positively correlated with the extent of learning material completion. The students' responses indicated that flipped learning helped enhance the learning process, improve time management, reduce confusion during practice, and promote independent practice. The application of flipped learning to a cadaveric dissection course increased individual learning motivation, which improved learning activities both in and out of class, as well as academic achievement.
Accurate measurement of core temperature is of utmost importance during on-pump cardiac surgery, for detection of hypothermia before cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), guidance of temperature management on CPB, active rewarming on CPB and guidance of warming therapy after CPB. Most temperature measurement methods are known to become inaccurate during rapid changes in core temperature and suffer from delayed detection of temperature changes. Zero-heat-flux temperature (ZHF) measurement from the lateral forehead may be an alternative, non-invasive method quantifying the core temperature. A prospective, observational, multicentre study was conducted in one hundred patients scheduled for on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Core temperatures were measured every minute by two zero-heat-flux thermometer (SpotOn™) and a bladder thermometer and a pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) in the period after induction of anesthesia until CPB. Accuracy and precision of both methods were compared against core temperature measured in the pulmonary artery using the method of Bland and Altman. A high accuracy (around 0.1 °C) and a very good precision (Limits of agreement (LoA) - 0.6; 0.4 °C) were found between zero-heat-flux thermometer and core temperature measured by PAC. Among the two ZHF thermometers the bias was negligible (- 0.003 °C) with narrow LoA of - 0.42 °C and 0.41 °C. In contrast, bias between bladder temperature and PAC temperature was large (0.51 °C) with corresponding LoA of - 0.06 °C and 1.1 °C. ZHF thermometers are in contrast to bladder temperature a reliable core temperature monitor in cardiac surgery during the period after induction of anestesia until CPB. The zero-heat-flux method can provide clinicians reliably with continuous and non-invasive measurements of core temperature in normothermic and mild hypothermic temperature ranges and therefore can be helpful to guide temperature management.