anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The clinical manifestations of disorders of energy metabolism and defects in oxidation/reduction are similar because the basic defect involves the inability to transfer electrons. The same is true for many mitochondrial diseases. Affected patients exhibit a wide variety of signs and symptoms, but the most frequent and earliest dysfunctions occur in the muscle and brain, where energy requirements are high. The diagnosis of this type of defect is problematic because of the nonspecific and protean clinical manifestations of these disorders. Treatment is equally challenging, since the exact locus of the primary defect generally remains enigmatic. As a consequence, physicians rely upon generic cocktails of vitamin co-factors or endogenous intermediates intended to enhance mitochondrial electron transport, diminish the damage of reactive oxygen species, and promote energy production. The field is such a morass that, in general, it calls for trial-and-error treatment based upon empiric data. Edison Pharmaceuticals, Inc, has developed an in vitro assay that utilizes patient fibroblasts to model the innate susceptibility to oxidative stress caused by the disorders of energy metabolism and oxidation/reduction. The assay system also determines if the cells respond with increased viability to an IND drug called EPI-743. We propose a clinical trial that enrolls 20 children who meet three criteria. First, they must have a disorder that, based upon studies performed in a clinical protocol such as 76-HG-0238 ("Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Inborn Errors of Metabolism and Other Genetic Disorders"), is consistent with a defect in energy metabolism or oxidation/reduction. Second, their cultured fibroblasts must exhibit a defect in the ability to withstand oxidant stress. Third, their fibroblasts must respond to EPI-743 in vitro by showing improved viability under conditions of oxidative stress. This protocol is a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study with 6-month periods of treatment and a two-month washout period. Patients will be admitted to the NIH Clinical Center for 2-5 days every 3 months. The primary outcome measure will be quality of life based upon the Newcastle Paediatric Mitochondrial Disease Scale (NPMDS) for ages 2-11 years; parts IIII

will be evaluated separately from part IV. Secondary outcome measures will be tailored to each patient's laboratory, imaging, and clinical abnormalities. Results while receiving EPI-743 will be compared to results while receiving placebo; both repeated measures analyses and Student's t test will be employed.
A suture combined intraoperatively with autogenous blood components. At least one strand of suture is placed into a sterile container. Blood obtained from a patient is separated, using a centrifuge, for example, to retrieve certain healing components such as autogenous growth factors, to obtain an autogenous blood suspension. The autogenous blood suspension is added to the sterile container containing the strand of suture. The suture wicks up biologic components of the autogenous blood suspension to produce an enhanced suture. Surgical repairs using the enhanced suture are conducted by suturing a tear to itself or to bone, for example. Post-operatively, the biologic components leach from the suture to accelerate healing of the repair.
Cannabis use is prevalent among individuals with binge eating (BE; i.e., the inability to control eating behavior). Yet, only two studies to date (both over 20 years old) have tested if cannabis use relates to clinical severity among BE samples. Characterizing the relationship between cannabis use, eating disorder (ED) severity, and other psychiatric symptoms in BE samples is necessary for informing screening and clinical recommendations. The present study characterized cannabis use among adults with BE and tested between-group and within-group relationships between cannabis use and eating disorder symptoms, alcohol consumption and symptoms, and depression symptoms. Participants (N = 165) were treatment-seeking adults with at least once weekly BE in the past 3 months who completed clinical interviews and self-report measures before treatment. Over 23% of participants reported cannabis use in the past 3 months, with most persons using cannabis reported using "once or twice" or "monthly." Most persons using cannabis reported cannabis-related symptoms. Persons using cannabis reported significantly greater alcohol consumption and were more likely to report alcohol-related symptoms compared to persons not using cannabis. No associations were observed between cannabis use, eating disorder symptoms, and depressions symptoms. These findings indicate that a notable subset of patients with BE use cannabis and experience cannabis-related problems, and that cannabis and alcohol use may be related for these individuals. Considering legal and sociocultural shifts in cannabis availability and prevalence, results from the present study support screening for cannabis and alcohol use patterns in patients with BE. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
BACKGROUND: Concussions result in transient symptoms stemming from a cortical metabolic energy crisis. Though this metabolic energy crisis typically resolves in a month, symptoms can persist for years. The symptomatic period is associated with gait dysfunction, the cortical underpinnings of which are poorly understood. Quantifying prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity during gait may provide insight into post-concussion gait dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of persisting concussion symptoms on PFC activity during gait. We hypothesized that adults with persisting concussion symptoms would have greater PFC activity during gait than controls. Within the concussed group, we hypothesized that worse symptoms would relate to increased PFC activity during gait, and that increased PFC activity would relate to worse gait characteristics.
METHODS: The Neurobehavior Symptom Inventory (NSI) characterized concussion symptoms. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy quantified PFC activity (relative concentration changes of oxygenated hemoglobin [HbO2]) in 14 people with a concussion and 25 controls. Gait was assessed using six inertial sensors in the concussion group.
RESULTS: Average NSI total score was 26.4 (13.2). HbO2 was significantly higher (P = .007) for the concussed group (0.058 [0.108]) compared to the control group (-0.016 [0.057]). Within the concussion group, HbO2 correlated with NSI total symptom score (ρ = .62; P = .02), sagittal range of motion (r = .79; P = .001), and stride time variability (r = -.54; P = .046).
CONCLUSION: These data suggest PFC activity relates to symptom severity and some gait characteristics in people with persistent concussion symptoms. Identifying the neurophysiological underpinnings to gait deficits post-concussion expands our knowledge of motor behavior deficits in people with persistent concussion symptoms.
Congenital opticmeningoceles were recently described as intraorbital optic nerve cystic lesions, in which neural tissue is found to be part of the lining of the lesion. We describe the case of an eleven-month-old patient with a right opticmeningocele, followed through seven years. He presented with proptosis and hypotropia since birth and imaging exams disclosed an intraconal cystic lesion. A needle puncture revealed a fluid characteristic of cerebrospinal fluid. Surgical drainage performed through a lid crease approach resulted in recurrence of the proptosis. Surgical excision of the capsule finally was definitive, and pathology revealed an epithelial-lined capsule. Eight months after the capsule excision, a strabismus surgery was performed to improve the right hypotropia. Although visual prognosis of opticmeningoceles is poor, a good cosmetic result can be obtained with a multidisciplinary approach involving orbit and strabismus surgeons. The complete capsule excision is believed to be the preferable surgical option for permanently treating the proptosis once needle puncture and cyst drainage are associated with recurrence. The orbital access for approaching the lesion depends on the location of the cyst and should provide wide exposure to avoid new surgical procedures in young patients.
The first purpose of this study is to determine whether serum sphingolipid metabolites associate significantly with the weight among type 2 diabetes. 60 patients with diagnosed type 2 diabetes will be recruited. The serum concentrations of sphingolipid metabolites of 20 type 2 diabetic patients with obesity will be compared to age- and sex-matched series of 40 type 2 patients without obesity.

The second purpose of this study is to determine whether serum sphingolipid metabolites associate significantly with the process and severity of type 2 diabetes. The serum concentrations of sphingolipid metabolites of 20 subjects with type 2 diabetes will be compared to age-, sex- and BMI-matched series of healthy and pre-diabetic subjects. Investigators speculate that the serum concentration of sphingolipid metabolites are positively related with the progression of diabetes. In order to discover why serum sphingolipid metabolites correlates with the progression of diabetes, detailed information on HbA1c, duration of diabetes history and insulin resistance defined by homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR) will be analysed. These three parameters may affect the serum concentrations of sphingolipid metabolites.
Lifetime maximally tolerated oral dose studies in mice (up to 360 mg/kg/day, about twice the maximum recommended human oral daily dose [MRHD] on a mg/m2 basis) and rats (up to 270 mg/kg/day, about 3 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis) provided no evidence of a carcinogenic potential for propafenone HCl.

Propafenone HCl tested negative for mutagenicity in the Ames (salmonella) test and the mouse dominant lethal test, and tested negative for clastogenicity in the Chinese hamster micronucleus test, and other in vivo tests for chromosomal aberrations in rat bone marrow and Chinese hamster bone marrow and spermatogonia.

Propafenone HCl, administered intravenously to rabbits, dogs, and monkeys has been shown to decrease spermatogenesis. These effects were reversible, were not found following oral dosing of propafenone HCl, were seen at lethal or near lethal dose levels and were not seen in rats treated either orally or intravenously (see PRECAUTIONS, Impaired Spermatogenesis). Treatment of male rabbits for 10 weeks prior to mating at an oral dose of 120 mg/kg/day (about 2.4 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis) or an intravenous dose of 3.5 mg/kg/day (a spermatogenesis-impairing dose) did not result in evidence of impaired fertility. Nor was there evidence of impaired fertility when propafenone HCl was administered orally to male and female rats at dose levels up to 270 mg/kg/day (about 3 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis).
PURPOSE: To present the long-term clinical outcomes of patients with sympathetic ophthalmia (SO).
METHODS: Retrospective review of patients' medical files between 2002 and 2022.
RESULTS: Included were seven patients (four males). The mean ± SD age at presentation was 37.9 ± 22.5 years. Four patients had co-morbidities: three had diabetes mellitus type 2 and one had Turner Syndrome. Trauma was the inciting event in six patients and postoperative endophthalmitis in one patient. Decreased visual acuity (VA) was the leading symptom in the sympathizing eye and all of the patients presented with panuveitis. The mean ± SD interval between the triggering incident and the onset of SO in six cases was 4.3 ± 4.2 months. One case presented 30 years following the eye injury. Five patients underwent enucleation/evisceration of the exciting eye. The mean ± SD presenting LogMAR BCVA in the sympathizing eye was 0.57 ± 0.82, and the final LogMAR BCVA was 0.61 ± 0.95. Inflammation was completely controlled in 5 patients at a mean ± SD of 8.55 ± 9.21 months following the institution of immunomodulatory therapy, and it was partially controlled in 2 patients. VA deteriorated in all 3 diabetic patients and improved or remained stable in the 4 young and healthy patients. The mean ± SD follow-up period after achieving drug-free remission was 28 ± 22.8 months. The mean ± SD follow-up time was 6.8 ± 5.6 years.
CONCLUSIONS: SO is one of the most sight-threatening conditions, affecting the healthy eye. In this cohort, the favorable visual outcome was especially seen in young and healthy individuals. Visual prognosis is directly related to prompt diagnosis and treatment.
BACKGROUND: The minimal important difference is a valuable metric in ascertaining the clinical relevance of a treatment, offering valuable guidance in patient management. There is a lack of available evidence concerning this metric in the context of outcomes related to female urinary incontinence, which might negatively impact clinical decision-making.
OBJECTIVES: To summarize the minimal important difference of patient-reported outcome measures associated with urinary incontinence, calculated according to both distribution- and anchor-based methods.
METHODS: This is a systematic review conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The search strategy including the main terms for urinary incontinence and minimal important difference were used in five different databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus) in 09 June 2021 and were updated in January 09, 2024 with no limits for date, language or publication status. Studies that provided minimal important difference (distribution- or anchor-based methods) for patient-reported outcome measures related to female urinary incontinence outcomes were included. The study selection and data extraction were performed independently by two different researchers. Only studies that reported the minimal important difference according to anchor-based methods were assessed by credibility and certainty of the evidence. When possible, absolute minimal important differences were calculated for each study separately according to the mean change of the group of participants that slightly improved.
RESULTS: Twelve studies were included. Thirteen questionnaires with their respective minimal important differences reported according to distribution (effect size, standard error of measurement, standardized response mean) and anchor-based methods were found. Most of the measures for anchor methods did not consider the smallest difference identified by the participants to calculate the minimal important difference. All reports related to anchor-based methods presented low credibility and very low certainty of the evidence. We pooled 20 different estimates of minimal important differences using data from primary studies, considering different anchors and questionnaires.
CONCLUSIONS: There is a high variability around the minimal important difference related to patient-reported outcome measures for urinary incontinence outcomes according to the method of analysis, questionnaires, and anchors used, however, the credibility and certainty of the evidence to support these is still limited.
A single dose of 40 mg simvastatin will be given orally in the morning on Day 1 and Day 10. The Day 10 dose of simvastatin will be co-administered with the morning dose of avacopan. On Days 3 through 11, avacopan will be given orally at 30 mg BID.
A gene expressed specifically in mesangial cells. A DNA expressed specifically in mesangial cells; a protein encoded by this DNA; an antibody binding to this protein, etc. These substances are indigenous to mesangial cells and, therefore, useful in, for example, identifying mesangial cells and detecting abnormalities in mesangial cells. Moreover, it is expected that the function of the above protein would contribute to the clarification of the functions of mesangial cells and, in its turn, to the clarification of the causes of diseases relating to mesangial cells. This protein is also expected to be applicable to the treatment, diagnosis, etc. of diseases relating to mesangial cells.
Subjects with 2 or more CV risk factors will be identified. Cardiovascular risk factors include hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, vascular disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, arrhythmia requiring therapy, moderate to severe valvular disease, history of alcohol abuse, smoking, cancer chemotherapy, or thoracic radiotherapy, and abnormal findings in the most recent ECG or thoracic X-ray.
Patients receive a radiation dose of 15 Gy to their liver or lung metastases. Patients receive a dose of MEDI6469 following radiation and on Days 3, and 5.
Following study enrollment and randomization, subjects will undergo two treatment sessions, 3 days apart. Each treatment session will be conducted while the subject is undergoing Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to measure Glx in the ACC. In one treatment session the subject will receive oral placebo and in the other treatment session the subject will receive oral NRX-101. Following the second treatment session, the subject will participate in a four week open study of NRX-101, at the end of which a third session of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy will be conducted.
In vitro studies have determined that the 50 % inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of Ro 64-0802 against influenza neuraminidases ranged from 0.3 to 22 nmol/L (0.08 - 0.28 g/L or 0.08 -0.28 ng/mL). IC50 values against influenza strains in cell culture were somewhat higher and more variable ranging from 0.6 to 155 nmol/L (0.17 - 32.8 g/L or 0.17 - 32.8 ng/mL). Tamiflu has also been shown to have in vitro and mouse challenge activity against the H5N1 virus. EC50 values against H5N1 strain replication in Madin Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells ranged from 7.5-12 M and neuraminidase activity from 7.0-15 nM (IC50 values).

The current U.S. FDA approved recommendations for influenza A and B treatment using oseltamivir suggest a dose of 75mg taken orally twice daily for 5 days at the onset of symptoms or laboratory confirmation of infection. Prophylaxis against influenza A infection for those people exposed to or at high risk for exposure suggests a dose of 75 mg orally taken once daily for up to 6 weeks. No clinical trials in humans infected with or requiring prophylaxis for the H5N1 variant have been performed. Oseltamivir treatment in a human pediatric case of H5N1 influenza pneumonia has been published. Oseltamivir was given late in the course of illness and the child subsequently expired. Several people were given a prophylactic course of oseltamivir after avian influenza (H7N7, H7N3) outbreaks in the Netherlands and in British Columbia, which appeared to be effective in preventing additional human cases.

Clinical trials using oseltamivir for influenza treatment have recently been reviewed. Two phase III placebo controlled, blinded studies were performed in adults, three in geriatric populations, and one in pediatric patients. In general, flu symptoms were decreased by one day or greater in those patients who received Tamiflu compared to placebo. Several prophylaxis studies using oseltamivir have been conducted in healthy unvaccinated adults and have also been recently reviewed. In several trials involving either prophylaxis after household exposure or after exposure in the community have demonstrated that the incidence of influenza was significantly reduced (range 70-90%) in those patients receiving Tamiflu, 75mg orally once daily for 42 days compared to placebo. Side effect profiles in the prophylaxis studies indicate that nausea and vomiting were more commonly found in the Tamiflu arm when compared to placebo. There was no difference in side effect incidence in younger compared to older adult (\> 65 years) populations.
The use of compositions comprising lignosulfonate for attenuation of SARS-CoV-2 virus replication. The compositions can be used in methods for preventing and treating COVID-19 and other medical disorders caused by or associated with SARS-CoV-2 virus replication in humans and animals. In some embodiments the compositions are substantially free of elemental sulphur. In some embodiments the lignosulfonate is radically polymerized. In some embodiments the compositions are formulated as an animal feed additive or supplement. The disclosure encompasses compositions comprising lignosulfonate and methods of preventing or treating COVID-19 by administering compositions comprising lignosulfonate to human or animal subjects in an effective dose to attenuate the pathogenic effect of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Pregnancies in which impaired uterine blood flow is detected by Doppler measurements during routine examinations in the second trimester are at high risk of developing fetal growth restriction (FGR). FGR affects 10% of pregnancies and is the leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. In addition, intrauterine growth restriction places a lifelong burden on the physical and mental health of affected children. Epidemiological studies have shown that children with FGR have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia and a high BMI. In addition, the affected children show disorders in hormonal balance and pubertal development as well as specific impairments of various cognitive and neurocognitive functions. There is also a link between FGR and lower cognitive ability in preschool children, school-age children and young adults, as well as lower communication, language and reading skills in school-age children. Neuronal development (e.g. EEG frequency spectra, resting-state networks) and executive functions are also impaired by FGR.

In the follow-up study, the children will be examined from the age of 6. Here, the effects of PETN on the development of children of women with high-risk pregnancies can be further investigated and a comparative study of growth-retarded and normal-growth children can also be carried out.
The eCBT-I will be delivered by a mobile application (eSleep) developed by BestCare \& SuMian BioTech Co., Ltd. which contains a digital, self-paced, and highly interactive programme. It consists of six weekly sessions with animated elements, including an overview of sleep, sleep restriction, stimulus control, cognitive therapy, structured worry time and relapse prevention. Participants will have access to the eCBT-I treatment for 12 weeks.
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the primary cause of cardiac mortality. Esculentoside A (EsA), a triterpenoid saponin, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, its effect on MI remains unknown. In this study, the protective effect and mechanisms of EsA against MI were investigated. EsA significantly alleviated hypoxia-induced HL-1 cell injury, including increasing cell viability, inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage. In mouse MI model by left coronary artery (LAD) ligating, EsA obviously restored serum levels of creatine kinase isoenzymes (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA). In addition, the cardioprotective effect of EsA was further confirmed by infarct size, electrocardiogram and echocardiography. Mechanistically, the targeted binding relationship between EsA and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) was predicted by molecular docking and dynamics, and validated by small molecule pull-down and surface plasmon resonance tests. EsA inhibited CXCR2 level both in vitro and in vivo, correspondingly alleviated oxidative stress by suppressing NOX1 and NOX2 and relieved inflammation through inhibiting p65 and p-p65. It demonstrated that EsA could play a cardioprotective role by targeting CXCR2. However, the effect of EsA against MI was abolished in combination with CXCR2 overexpression both in vitro and in vivo. This study revealed that EsA showed excellent cardioprotective activities by targeting CXCR2 to alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation in MI. EsA may function as a novel CXCR2 inhibitor and a potent candidate for the prevention and intervention of MI in the future.