anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are the largest contributor to the global injury burden, which disproportionately affects low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is the highest contributor to years lived disabled (YLDs) resulting from RTIs, accounting for 74.8% of YLDs from RTI. With a lack of robust emergency medical services (EMS), there has been increasing reliance on layperson bystanders to respond to RTIs in LMICs. Early spinal immobilization has the potential to limit neurological deficits secondary to TSCI and morbidity. Bystanders may be trained in-person or point-of-care (POC) instruction may be provided, as exists with automated external defibrillators and tourniquets. However, it is unknown if bystanders equipped with POC instruction are as effective as bystanders with in-person training for c-spine immobilization. Therefore, POC instructional interventions were developed in response to the scalability challenges associated with in-person training to measure the comparative effectiveness and skill retention of POC instructions vs in-person training using a randomized clinical trial design. The POC instructional flashcard was first piloted with an initial cohort of participants who were not assigned to any longitudinal follow-up date to pilot POC instructional interventions for c-spine immobilization and receive feedback for instructional flashcard revision prior to launching the "trial." Data from these participants is not considered part of the "trial" for analytic purposes. This entire testing process is with participants who are healthy volunteers and researchers simulating spinal injury victims to test which method of instruction is most effective and durable for understanding.
The study aims to discuss the challenges associated with treating prostate cancer (PCa), which is known for its complexity and drug resistance. It attempts to find differentially expressed genes (DEGs), such as those linked to anoikis resistance and circulating tumor cells, in PCa samples. This study involves analyzing the functional roles of these DEGs using gene enrichment analysis, and then screening of 102 bioactive compounds to identify a combination that can control the expression of the identified DEGs. In this study, 53 DEGs were identified from PCa samples including anoikis-resistant PCa cells and circulating tumor cells in PCa. Gene enrichment analysis with regards to functional enrichment of DEGs was performed. An inclusive screening process was carried out among 102 bioactive compounds to identify a combination capable of affecting and regulating the expression of selected DEGs. Eventually, gastrodin, nitidine chloride, chenodeoxycholic acid, and bilobalide were selected, as their combination demonstrated ability to modulate expression of 50 out of the 53 genes targeted. The subsequent analysis focused on investigating the biological pathways and processes influenced by this combination. The findings revealed a multifaceted and multidimensional approach to tumor regression. The combination of bioactive compounds exhibited effects on various genes including those related to production of inflammatory cytokines, cell proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The current study has made a valuable contribution to the development of a combination of bioactive natural compounds that can significantly impede the development of treatment resistance in prostate tumor while countering the tumors' evasion of the immune system. The implications of this study are highly significant as it suggests the creation of an enhanced immunotherapeutic, natural therapeutic concoction with combinatorial potential.
Decreases in bone mineral density (BMD) have been observed with long-term administration of products containing ICS. The clinical significance of small changes in BMD with regard to long-term consequences such as fracture is unknown. Patients with major risk factors for decreased bone mineral content, such as prolonged immobilization, family history of osteoporosis, postmenopausal status, tobacco use, advanced age, poor nutrition, or chronic use of drugs that can reduce bone mass (e.g., anticonvulsants, oral corticosteroids) should be monitored and treated with established standards of care. Since patients with COPD often have multiple risk factors for reduced BMD, assessment of BMD is recommended prior to initiating BREO ELLIPTA and periodically thereafter. If significant reductions in BMD are seen and BREO ELLIPTA is still considered medically important for that patient’s COPD therapy, use of therapy to treat or prevent osteoporosis should be strongly considered.

In replicate 12-month trials in 3,255 patients with moderate to severe COPD, bone fractures were reported by 2% of patients receiving the fluticasone furoate/vilanterol combination (50/25 mcg: 2% [14 of 820 patients]; 100/25 mcg: 2% [19 of 806 patients]; or 200/25 mcg: 2% [14 of 811 patients]) compared with <1% of patients receiving vilanterol 25 mcg alone (8 of 818 patients).

Similar findings were seen in a mortality trial with a median treatment duration of 1.5 years in 16,568 patients with moderate COPD and cardiovascular disease.
Cases of overdose (2 to 3 times the prescribed dose for several weeks) have been reported. In one case, this resulted in hepatitis which resolved without long-term consequences after a dose interruption. In one pediatric case, a dose of 2 to 3 times the prescribed dose for 6 days resulted in acute renal failure requiring hemofiltration and acute liver injury/failure, which were reversible with intensive care support. Single doses of deferasirox up to 80 mg per kg per day with the tablet for oral suspension formulation in iron-overloaded beta-thalassemic patients have been tolerated with nausea and diarrhea noted. In healthy subjects, single doses of up to 40 mg per kg per day with the tablet for oral suspension formulation were tolerated.

Early signs of acute overdose are digestive effects such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Hepatic and renal disorders have been reported, including cases of liver enzyme and creatinine increased with recovery after treatment discontinuation. An erroneously administered single-dose of 90 mg/kg led to Fanconi syndrome which resolved after treatment.

There is no specific antidote for deferasirox. In case of overdose, it may be treated with induction of vomiting or gastric lavage, and by symptomatic treatment.
A synthesis of and use for L-Se-methylselenocysteine as a nutriceutical is described, based upon the knowledge that L-Se-methylselenocysteine is less toxic than L-selenomethionine towards normal cells. The synthesis proceeds by mixing N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-serine with a dialkyl diazodicarboxylate and at least one of a trialkylphosphine, triarylphosphine, and phosphite to form a first mixture that includes N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-serine β-lactone. Methyl selenol or its salt is mixed with the N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-serine β-lactone to form a second mixture that includes N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-Se-methylselenocysteine. The tert-butoxycarbonyl group is removed from the N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-Se-methylselenocysteine to form L-Se-methylselenocysteine. This synthesis significantly improves the manufacturability, manufacturing efficiency, and utility of this naturally occurring rare form of organic-selenium. L-Se-methylselenocysteine formed, for example, in this manner may be used as a nutriceutical for supplementation into the diets of humans or animals for various beneficial purposes, such as, for example, to prevent or reduce the risk of developing cancer.
TGFβ inhibits local anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and also promotes the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) that enhances the metastatic potential of tumor cells. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a critical constituent of the TME. As is the case for fibrosis in other settings, these cells are myofibroblast-like, and respond to and are activated by tumor-derived TGFβ. CAFs play a critical role in promoting EMT resulting in increased tumor cell migration and invasion as well as maintaining the TME to support tumor cell survival. The immunosuppressive role of TGFβ in the TME has been clearly demonstrated with the activation of CAFs being an important mechanism underlying immune cell exclusion. Exclusion of immune cells from tumors and local immunosuppression can both be reversed by AVID200 therapy.
OBJECTIVES: Aortic graft infection (AGI) is a life-threatening complication that can result in death, amputation, sepsis, aorto-enteric fistula, and pseudoaneurysm formation. After explantation of the infected graft, options for reconstruction include extra-anatomic bypass or in-line reconstruction using antibiotic-coated prosthetic graft, cryopreserved allograft, or a neo-aortoiliac system (NAIS) using autogenous femoral veins. While the NAIS procedure has shown promising results, there is relatively limited clinical experience due the magnitude and morbidity of the surgery. In this study, we reviewed our single-center experience using the NAIS procedure and performed a systematic review of the contemporary literature more than the past decade.
METHODS: A retrospective review was performed on all patients undergoing NAIS reconstruction with autogenous femoral vein conduits at a single institution from 2010 to 2022. Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were queried for studies published from 2012 to 2022 to identify those reporting on outcomes of patients undergoing the NAIS procedure. Outcome variables included early and late mortality, major complications including amputation, graft or conduit related complications, re-infection, and re-intervention. Additional variables collected include patient demographics, operative technique, and follow up.
RESULTS: There were 14 patients included in our case series with 30-day mortality of 21%. At a mean follow up of 22 months, complication rate was 64.3%, re-intervention rate was 14.3%, re-infection rate was 7.1%, and amputation rate was 7.1%. On review of the literature, 12 studies ultimately met criteria to be included in analysis with a combined total of 368 patients. Pooled averages included 30-day mortality of 9.0%, re-intervention rate of 20.5%, re-infection rate of 5.6%, and amputation rate of 6.5%.
CONCLUSIONS: The NAIS procedure for management of AGI is a formidable procedure with significant early mortality and morbidity. This treatment should be considered in the context of other revascularization options for management of an AGI.
In Cohort 1, up to 30 participants will be randomized to receive a single dose of 50 mg CD388, administered by SQ injection, prior to being inoculated with the influenza challenge virus. Based on an interim analysis to be performed on data collected from the evaluation of Cohort 1 participants who have completed the inpatient phase at the time the interim analysis is performed, additional participants (of a number to be informed by the interim analysis) may be randomized into Cohort 2 in an extension of this Arm 3, to receive a single dose of 50mg CD388 by SQ injection prior to viral challenge.
Toviaz extended-release tablets were evaluated in two, Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12-week studies for the treatment of overactive bladder with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency, and urinary frequency. Entry criteria required that patients have symptoms of overactive bladder for ≥ 6-months duration, at least 8 micturitions per day, and at least 6 urinary urgency episodes or 3 urge incontinence episodes per 3-day diary period. Patients were randomized to a fixed dose of Toviaz 4 or 8 mg/day or placebo. In one of these studies, 290 patients were randomized to an active control arm (an oral antimuscarinic agent). For the combined studies, a total of 554 patients received placebo, 554 patients received Toviaz 4 mg/day, and 566 patients received Toviaz 8 mg/day. The majority of patients were Caucasian (91%) and female (79%) with a mean age of 58 years (range 19–91 years).

The primary efficacy endpoints were the mean change in the number of urge urinary incontinence episodes per 24 hours and the mean change in the number of micturitions (frequency) per 24 hours. An important secondary endpoint was the mean change in the voided volume per micturition.

Results for the primary endpoints and for mean change in voided volume per micturition from the two 12-week clinical studies of Toviaz are reported in Table 3.

Figures 1–4: The following figures show change from baseline over time in number of micturitions and urge urinary incontinence episodes per 24 h in the two studies.

A reduction in number of urge urinary incontinence episodes per 24 hours was observed for both doses as compared to placebo as early as two weeks after starting Toviaz therapy.
The objectives of the study are to determine the impact of interferon-free treatment for the hepatitis C virus (HCV) on peripheral blood immune cell phenotype and soluble immune-related proteins in blood, while controlling for genetic polymorphisms known to impact HCV-related immune responses, and to determine the impact of the therapy on the emergence of drug-resistant HCV. The study design is informed by the researchers' recent investigations of patients receiving HCV treatment. About 4% of patients who had not undergone liver transplantation experienced hepatic decompensation or another serious event. There were several cases of bacterial infection and two cases with elevated markers of autoimmune processes. These events suggest that treatment altered immune responses. About 25% of patients who had undergone liver transplantation experienced hepatic decompensation or another serious adverse event. The long term goal is to understand the pathophysiology of these complications and determine whether HCV treatment can cause an immune reconstitution syndrome in susceptible patients, while improving antimicrobial defenses in others The main questions/objectives to be addressed are (1) to determine the effect of HCV treatment on the profile of immune cells in blood as assessed by cytometry time of flight (CyTOF) multiparameter analysis, while controlling for genetic polymorphisms known to be associated with HCV-related immune responses and, (2) to determine the effect of treatment on factors/proteins in blood that may be related to immunity and inflammation.

Background: New treatments for HCV are significantly more effective than past treatments. They utilize direct acting antiviral drugs (DAA) and many do not include interferon. The goal of treatment is to achieve a sustained virological response (SVR). An SVR is indicated by the absence of detectable HCV RNA in blood 12 weeks after the end of treatment (EOT); this is called SVR12. The researchers recently investigated outcomes of 514 non-liver transplant (LT) patients and 43 LT patients who initiated treatment between Dec 2013 and June 2014. Several patients developed increased levels of markers of autoimmune processes and/or experienced a bacterial infection. Investigators at other institutions recently reported evidence that DAA treatment enhances immune cell activation. The combination of the investigators' observations and the observations of others indicates that a detailed investigation is needed to understand the events leading to increased immune cell activity and to determine the factors that may increase the risk of serious adverse events.
Betamethasone dipropionate gel (augmented) should not be used in the treatment of rosacea or perioral dermatitis, and it should not be used on the face, groin, or in the axillae.

Systemic absorption of topical corticosteroids can produce reversible hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression with the potential for glucocorticosteroid insufficiency after withdrawal of treatment. Manifestations of Cushing's syndrome, hyperglycemia, and glucosuria can also be produced in some patients by systemic absorption of topical corticosteroids while on treatment.

At 7 g per day (applied once daily or as 3.5 g twice daily), betamethasone dipropionate gel (augmented) was shown to cause inhibition of the HPA axis following application for one, two or three weeks to diseased skin in some patients with psoriasis or atopic dermatitis. These effects were reversible upon discontinuation of treatment.

Patients receiving betamethasone dipropionate gel (augmented) applied to large areas should be evaluated periodically for evidence of HPA axis suppression. This may be done by using the ACTH-stimulation, morning plasma cortisol and urinary free-cortisol tests. Patients should not be treated with betamethasone dipropionate gel (augmented) for more than 2 weeks at a time, and amounts greater than 50 g per week should not be used because of the potential for the drug to suppress the HPA axis.

If HPA axis suppression is noted, an attempt should be made to withdraw the drug, to reduce the frequency of application, or to substitute a less potent corticosteroid. Recovery of HPA axis function is generally prompt and complete upon discontinuation of topical corticosteroids. Infrequently, signs and symptoms of glucocorticosteroid insufficiency may occur, requiring supplemental systemic corticosteroids. For information on systemic supplementation, see prescribing information for systemic corticosteroids.

Pediatric patients may be more susceptible to systemic toxicity from equivalent doses due to their larger skin surface to body mass ratios (see PRECAUTIONS - Pediatric Use).

If irritation develops, betamethasone dipropionate gel (augmented) should be discontinued and appropriate therapy instituted. Allergic contact dermatitis with corticosteroids is usually diagnosed by observing failure to heal rather than noting clinical exacerbation as with most topical products not containing corticosteroids. Such an observation should be corroborated with appropriate diagnostic patch testing.

If concomitant fungal and/or bacterial skin infections are present or develop, an appropriate antifungal or antibacterial agent should be used. If a favorable response does not occur promptly, use of betamethasone dipropionate gel (augmented) should be discontinued until the infection has been adequately controlled.
Elderly patients (aged 65 years or older) may have increased sensitivity to TYLENOL® with Codeine tablets. In general, use caution when selecting a dosage for an elderly patient, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.

Respiratory depression is the chief risk for elderly patients treated with opioids, and has occurred after large initial doses were administered to patients who were not opioid-tolerant or when opioids were co-administered with other agents that depress respiration. Titrate the dosage of TYLENOL® with Codeine tablets slowly in geriatric patients and monitor closely for signs of central nervous system depression (see WARNINGS).

These drugs are known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of adverse reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function.
Platelet transfusion can be a life-saving procedure in preventing or treating serious bleeding in patients who have low and/or dysfunctional platelets. Treatment of blood cancer and other blood diseases, as well as bone marrow transplantation, is not possible without platelet transfusion support. Unfortunately, 15- 25% of chronically transfused patients platelet counts will stop responding to these transfusions, putting them at risk for serious bleeding complications. The development of HLA antibodies is responsible for 4- 8% of this platelet transfusion refractoriness. The presence of HLA antibodies is a clinical complication that is generally managed by the selection of products that are negative for the antigens for which the patient has antibodies. Often, for patients with chronic and ongoing need, this selection is facilitated by targeted recruitment of donors with known HLA types (i.e., types that lack antigens cognate to the patient s known antibodies and are thus predicted to be compatible). However, for very broadly HLA- alloimmunized patients, compatible products may be exceedingly scarce or completely unavailable, precluding the ability to consistently provide products the patient will likely increment from. This research protocol is designed to evaluate the efficacy of a 4-HOUR continuous infusion of single donor, apheresis platelets in overcoming both alloimmune-mediated and non-alloimmune-mediated platelet refractoriness. We hypothesize that when we transfuse patients over a long duration, who have platelet refractoriness, the platelet counts will increase to higher numbers for an extended period of time in the peri-transfusion period when compared to shorter transfusion intervals.
In the first meal, the participant will consume a standard convenience breakfast meal comprised of a cheese tea biscuit and two Eggo waffles. The amount of phosphorus contained in this meal is 700 mg and the majority of this phosphate would be in the form of phosphate additives. Urine and blood will be collected before and after consumption of the meal to measure how the body responds to the meal. Specifically, levels of phosphate, calcium, creatinine (measure of kidney function) and three hormones involved in phosphate regulation (parathyroid hormone, fibroblast growth factor-23 and vitamin D) will be measured in each blood sample. Creatinine, calcium and phosphate will be measured in each urine sample. The second meal will also contain 700 mg of phosphorus and similar caloric content but in a healthy breakfast meal that does not contain any phosphate additives, consisting of one cup of All-Bran breakfast cereal with milk and a piece of fruit. The same blood and urine tests will be assessed after the second meal.
In some embodiments, a device includes a memory and a processor. The memory is operatively coupled to the processor and configured to store encrypted personal data. The processor is configured to receive query and a personal identifier from a user. Based on the query, the processor further identifies and retrieves a portion of the associated encrypted personal data from the memory. Using the personal identifier, the processor produces decrypted personal data by decrypting a portion of the retrieved encrypted personal data. The processor is further configured to analyze the decrypted personal data to identify a result of the query. The result is sent to the user without sending the decrypted personal data.
The invention discloses a Chinese medicinal composition for candies. The Chinese medicinal composition consists of the following components by mass: 2-4 parts of peanut coat, 0.1-0.5 part of ailanthus altissima bark, 0.5-0.8 part of Centipeda minima, 1-3 parts of propolis, 5-9 parts of honey, 3-7 parts of wild chrysanthemum petal, and 1-4 parts of Rabdosia rubescens. The six drugs are homologous natural plants, and are combined together according to a proper proportion, can have complementary effects, and can alleviate swollen sore throat, lip chapping, oral ulcer and other symptoms caused by excessive internal heat. Honey can be added to mix with the drugs to improve the taste of the formula and improve the absorption capacity of human body. In addition, because of the bitter taste of the wild chrysanthemum pistil, only petals are taken from the wild chrysanthemum involved in the formula, and if the pistil is added into the formula, the candy taste can be affected, thereby being unfavorable to sale. At the same time, adding of the formula components into candies can improve the Chinese medicinal flavor of the candies so as to be suitable for patients of all ages, thereby being conducive to popularization of the formula.