anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Disclosed is a method for in vivo imaging tissue of a individual, by performing magnetic resonance imaging utilizing an extended cobalt complex as a contrast enhancement agent. The extended cobalt complex is comprised of cobalt atoms, a carboxylate ligand, an amine ligand, and a multidentate thiol-containing organic ligand, the cobalt atoms being linked to thiol groups and counter ions. The extended cobalt complex is characterized as stable, water soluble, non-aggregating, magnetic, and from 0.5 to 10 nm in size. This method is especially useful in imaging tumor tissue, and also tissue which is regenerating from a wound. The extended cobalt complex can be specifically targeted to a particular tissue to enable selective imaging of that tissue. This is done by linking the extended cobalt complex to a binding moiety which specifically binds a molecule selectively expressed in the tissue. Also disclosed is a method for visually detecting the presence of an antigen in a sample using an antibody which specifically binds the antigen, the antibody being coupled to an extended cobalt complex. In the method, the antibody is contacted to the sample under conditions appropriate for antibody-antigen binding, and the presence of the extended cobalt complex which is bound to the antigen is detected by its characteristic color or its magnetic properties.
Obesity has become an epidemic in the United States, affecting more than one-third of American adults and increasing the incidence of diabetes and other comorbidities. Weight loss elicits adaptive metabolic and hormonal changes, similar to those seen in starvation, which make maintenance of a reduced body weight more challenging. These changes include a decrease in energy expenditure that is larger than what would be expected on the basis of changes in body composition alone. In rodents, it has long been established that brown adipose tissue (BAT) is the primary site of adaptive thermogenesis or the modulation of energy expenditure and heat generation during cold exposure and overfeeding. Emerging data suggest that activated BAT may influence body weight, core body temperature, energy expenditure and blood sugar and fat metabolism in humans. Capsinoids are nunpungent analogs of capsaicin that activate BAT by stimulating sensory neurons in the gastrointestinal tract. Chronic ingestion of capsinoids may stimulate the development or recruitment of new BAT from precursor stem cells within white adipose tissue depots. The primary goal of the proposed study is to determine whether chronic ingestion of capsinoids can recruit BAT in obese individuals who lack it or merely activates BAT in those who already have it. Additional goals are to 1) ascertain whether common genetic variants influence the response to capsinoids, 2) determine the metabolic effects of chronic capsinoid ingestion and BAT activation in obesity without weight loss and 3) establish whether chronic capsinoid ingestion and BAT activation improve weight loss with a low calorie diet. 42 obese male volunteers, ages 18-50, will be recruited for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of capsinoid supplementation. The study will consist of two phases: the first in which subjects maintain their usual diet and activity level for 8 weeks, and the second in which subjects consume a low-calorie diet for 12 weeks. Subjects will be studied before and after each phase, including measurement of BAT, core body temperature, energy expenditure at rest, after cold exposure, and after a test meal, body composition, and blood sugar and insulin levels after a test meal. BAT will be characterized using Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance (PET/MR) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques. If preliminary data are confirmed, BAT recruitment and activation through chronic capsinoid supplementation may emerge as a safe method to combat the adaptive changes in energy expenditure that are seen with weight loss in obesity.
PURPOSE:To make possible quantitative determination in a short period with good accuracy without requiring a special apparatus to be exclusively used by inducing the latex agglutination reaction by antigen-antibody reaction and measuring absorbancy. CONSTITUTION:The rheumatoid factor RF in serum and a latex reagent sensi tized with gamma -globulin are mixed to prepare a liquid mixture which is then kept at a constant temp. for, for example, 3-15 minutes to induce the latex reaction. The absorbancy after the reaction is measured by selecting an adequate wavelength of 530-700nm and the RF is quantiatively determined by the value obtd. by subtracting the absorbancy occurring in the latex reagent and specimen from the measured value. The latex reagent is prepd. by dispersing an insoluble carrier sensitized with the human gamma -globulin in a suitable medium. The insoluble carrier is preferably polystyrene particles having <=0.2mmu grain size. The final concn. of the insoluble carrier in the liquid mixture during the latex agglutina tion reaction is preferably kept at 0.05wt%.
INTRODUCTION: Abdominal surgery following transversus abdominis release (TAR) procedure commonly involves incisions through the previously implanted mesh, potentially creating vulnerabilities for hernia recurrence. Despite the popularity of the TAR procedure, current literature regarding post-AWR surgeries is limited. This study aims to reveal the incidence and outcomes of post-TAR non-hernia-related abdominal surgeries of any kind.
METHODS: Adult patients who underwent non-hernia-related abdominal surgery following ventral hernia repair with concurrent TAR procedure and permanent synthetic mesh in the Cleveland Clinic Center for Abdominal Core Health between January 2014 and January 2022 were queried from a prospectively collected database in the Abdominal Core Health Quality Collaborative. We evaluated 30-day wound morbidity, perioperative complications, and long-term hernia recurrence.
RESULTS: A total of 1137 patients who underwent TAR procedure were identified, with 53 patients (4.7%) undergoing subsequent non-hernia-related abdominal surgery post-TAR. Small bowel obstruction was the primary indication for reoperation (22.6%), and bowel resection was the most frequent procedure (24.5%). 49.1% of the patients required urgent or emergent surgery, with the majority (70%) having open procedures. Fascia closure was achieved by absorbable sutures in 50.9%, and of the open cases, fascia closure was achieved by running sutures technique in 35.8%. 20.8% experienced SSO, the SSOPI rate was 11.3%, and 26.4% required more than a single reoperation. A total of 88.7% were available for extended follow-up, spanning 17-30 months, resulting in a 36.1% recurrent hernia diagnosis rate.
CONCLUSIONS: Abdominal surgery following TAR surgery is associated with significant comorbidities and significantly impacts hernia recurrence rates. Our study findings underscore the significance of making all efforts to minimize reoperations after TAR procedure and offers suggestions on managing the abdominal wall of these complex cases.
This study will be a parallel, two-arm, randomized controlled trial (RCT) in individuals at higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), comparing an evidence-based diet and lifestyle advice intervention with 'usual care'. Participants will be recruited during CRC screening and will be included if they have a positive faecal immunochemical test (FIT) and are diagnosed with adenomas but are CRC negative during the colonoscopy. The advice provided will be developed based on the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) \& French National Cancer Institute (INCA) evidence-based diet and lifestyle recommendations using the habit-theory and will be delivered using multiple materials (e.g. leaflets, posters and digital information) by health professionals in hospitals based in the Rhone region, France. Invitation to participate in the trial will be performed by the gastroenterologist during the clinical visit to provide information on colonoscopy, but the delivery of the intervention and baseline measurement will happen two to three weeks after the colonoscopy. Data will be collected at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months. At baseline, participants will be required to answer questionnaires on sociodemographic and medical history. At all aforementioned time points, online or paper-based questionnaires will be administered to collect information on diet and lifestyle behaviours, knowledge on healthy lifestyle, quality of life and medical therapy. Participants will also have their anthropometric measures and physical fitness test taken and blood, faecal and colon tissue samples collected during baseline and follow-up appointments (tissue samples will be obtained only for those who are required to undergo the colonoscopy again at 12 months as part of the screening programme). The primary outcome of this intervention will be adherence to target recommendations at 3 months and beyond. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses as well as qualitative analyses will be performed.

Providing lifestyle advice for cancer prevention at screening programs is a new field in public health that has the potential to be cost-effective, convenient, appealing and wide-reaching. It may also help to reach individuals at higher risk at a time-window when they are more receptive to advice on healthy lifestyles and more likely to make the required behavioural changes. The proposed intervention is expected to have a positive impact on adherence to cancer prevention recommendations, as well as on quality of life, biomarkers for cancer risk, physical fitness and body weight among individuals at higher risk of CRC.
DPPOS AD/ADRD focuses on one of the most important, complex questions in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias (ADRD) research: What are the determinants and the nature of cognitive impairment among persons with pre-diabetes (PreD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), who are a high-risk group for cognitive impairment and represent a large fraction of the United States (US) population? Despite knowledge that persons with PreD and T2D are a high-risk group for cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia, the risk factors, mechanisms, and neuropathology of cognitive impairment in persons with PreD and T2D remain unclear. Gaps in knowledge on cognitive impairment in PreD and T2D include: (a) the role of AD and/or non-AD neuropathology beyond vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID); (b) the role of glycemia, related metabolic factors such as hyperinsulinemia, and traditional micro and macrovascular complications of PreD/T2D; (c) the role of glucose-lowering medications, primarily metformin; and (d) the role of physical activity, physical function, and frailty, key in PreD and T2D. The 4 interrelated projects will address these gaps, leveraging the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) Outcomes Study (DPPOS) cohort and its detailed PreD/T2D phenotyping, adding state of the art AD/ADRD phenotyping. The DPPOS cohort currently has a mean age of 72 years, with 76% over the age of 65. Thus, the cohort is in a period of the lifespan when the development of cognitive decline, MCI, and dementia accelerates. This extensively phenotyped cohort represents an estimated 50 million Americans. To address this proposal's complex interrelated questions, the study has two waves of state-of-the-art AD/ADRD phenotyping during the proposed 5-year funding period, including comprehensive cognitive assessments and syndrome adjudication and plasma and brain imaging biomarkers of AD/ADRD. The study will address the complex overarching question of our project through the following aims: (1) To establish 5 cores to support the 4 integrated scientific projects: An Administrative Core, a Clinical Operations and Procedures Core, a Cognitive Assessment and Adjudication Core, a Neuroimaging and Plasma Biomarkers Core, and A Biostatistics and Data Infrastructure Core: (2) To conduct 4 integrated projects focused on key aspects of the central question of this proposal: Project 1 will examine the association of cognitive decline, MCI, and dementia in the DPPOS cohort with biomarkers of neuropathology and brain insulin signaling, and with sociodemographic and behavioral factors; Project 2 will examine the associations of cumulative glycemia, related metabolic factors, and microvascular and macrovascular complications, with cognitive syndromes and biomarkers of neuropathology; Project 3 will examine the association of cumulative exposure to metformin and other T2D medications with cognitive syndromes and biomarkers of neuropathology; Project 4 will evaluate the association of trajectories of physical activity, physical function and frailty with cognitive syndromes and biomarkers of neuropathology.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which affects 7-10% of reproductive aged women, has traditionally been classified as a reproductive and dermatologic syndrome because of its high rate of infertility and the cosmetic complications of hyperandrogenism. However, it has become increasingly clear that insulin resistance is important in the pathogenesis of the disorder.

There are a number of variants that have been determined to be associated with PCOS risk. The investigators will determine the effect of these variants on the phenotype and response to treatment in PCOS. Subjects with PCOS will undergo extensive phenotyping including adipose tissue biopsy, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, bone density) scan to examine adipose stores, an intravenous glucose tolerance test to study insulin sensitivity and beta cell function, androgen stimulation and inflammatory markers. The phenotyping will be repeated after 3 months of treatment with metformin. The studies will determine whether the genotype at PCOS risk variants dictates phenotype and response to treatment with metformin. Discovering genes involved in the etiology of PCOS will help pull us out of the endless circle that has characterized our understanding of PCOS pathophysiology for many years. The proposal also has the potential to illuminate one etiology of insulin resistance, which is present even in lean women with PCOS, and the impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes found in over 40% of PCOS patients.
PURPOSE:To provide a drug-supporting carrier composed of a block copolymer having hydrophilic segment and hydrophobic segment and capable of physically bonding a hydrophobic drug. CONSTITUTION:A block copolymer is produced by polymerizing a hydrophilic segment (e.g. polyethylene oxide) and a hydrophobic segment [e.g. poly(beta-benzyl- L-aspartate)]. A hydrophobic drug is supported on a drug-supporting carrier consisting of the block copolymer by physical means such as heat-treatment, ultrasonic irradiation and organic solvent treatment. The drug is supported in a polymer micelle by this process to obtain a polymeric micelle drug allowing various combinations of hydrophobic drug and block copolymer. Since the included drug is stably supported in the micelle even in the presence of serum and has high hydrophobicity, a drug having poor water-solubility and difficult to be administered to living body can be administered in the form of a polymeric micelle.
OBJECTIVES: How gaseous signalling molecules affect ion transport processes contributing to the physiological functions of the gastrointestinal tract under hypoxic conditions still needs to be clarified. The objective of the present study was to characterize the impact of gaseous signalling molecules on parameters of colonic ion transport during a hypoxia/reoxygenation cycle and the remaining secretory capacity of the epithelium after such a cycle.
METHODS: Short-circuit current (Isc) and tissue conductance (Gt) recordings in Ussing chamber experiments were performed on rat colon samples using CORM-2 (putative CO donor; 35 and 350 µM), sodium nitroprusside (NO donor; 100 µM), NaHS (fast H2S donor; 10 - 1,000 µM), GYY 4137 (slow H2S donor; 50 µM) and Angeli's salt (HNO donor; 100 µM) as donors for gasotransmitters. Inhibition of endogenous synthesis of H2S was operated by inhibitors of cystathionin-γ-lyase, i.e. dl-propargylglycine (1 mM) or β-cyano-l-alanine (5 mM), and the inhibitor of cystathionine-β-synthase, amino-oxyacetate (5 mM).
RESULTS: The fast gasotransmitter donors NaHS, sodium nitroprusside and Angeli's salt, administered 5 min before the onset of hypoxia, induced an increase in Isc. The response to the subsequently applied hypoxia was characterized by a decrease in Isc, which tended to be reduced only in the presence of the lowest concentration of NaHS (10 µM) tested. Reoxygenation resulted in a slow increase in Isc, which was unaffected by all donors or inhibitors tested. The stable acetylcholine derivative carbachol (50 µM) was administered at the end of each hypoxia/reoxygenation cycle to test the secretory capacity of the epithelium. Pretreatment of the tissue with the putative CO donor CORM-2 suppressed the secretory response induced by carbachol. The same was observed when cystathionin-γ-lyase and cystathionin-γ-synthase were inhibited simultaneously. Under both conditions, Gt drastically increased suggesting an impaired tissue integrity.
CONCLUSIONS: The present results demonstrate that none of the exogenous gasotransmitter releasing drugs significantly ameliorated the changes in epithelial ion transport during the hypoxia/reoxygenation cycle ex vivo. In contrast, the putative CO donor CORM-2 exerted a toxic effect on the epithelium. The endogenous production of H2S, however, seems to have a protective effect on the mucosal integrity and the epithelial transport functions, which - when inhibited - leads to a loss of the secretory ability of the mucosa. This observation together with the trend for improvement observed with a low concentration of the H2S donor NaHS suggests a moderate protective role of low concentrations of H2S under hypoxic conditions.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) affects an estimated 15 million Americans at a cost of $1.7 billion per year. Visceral hypersensitivity is present in many patients with IBS, but its contribution to clinical symptoms is unclear. Tricyclic antidepressants may be beneficial in IBS, but their side effects can be unacceptable. Because they are better tolerated, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are often used to treat IBS, but their efficacy in IBS has not been examined in controlled studies. We propose a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of SSRI treatment in IBS. Non-depressed patients will be studied in order to assess SSRI effects on IBS independent of depression. Our specific aims are: 1) To determine whether the SSRI citalopram is superior to placebo in improving clinical symptoms, disease-related quality of life, and tolerance to rectal balloon distension; 2) To assess whether symptomatic improvement is correlated with improvement in quality of life and/or visceral sensitivity. Subjects will fulfill Rome II IBS criteria, will have normal screening studies, and will not be depressed or on antidepressants. Global and specific symptoms, and satisfaction will be rated daily during a 1-week baseline. Subjects will then be randomized in concealed, double-blind fashion to citalopram or placebo, will complete the validated IBS-QOL instrument, and will undergo rectal compliance and sensory testing with a barostat. Subjects will be treated and will rate symptoms and satisfaction weekly for a total of 8 weeks, and also daily during the final week for comparison with the baseline. At study end, subjects will again complete the IBS-QOL and undergo a barostat study. For the primary outcome, we estimate that to detect a standardized effect size of 0.9 in global symptom rating with 2-sided α=0.05 and β=0.1, 54 subjects are needed. We plan to enroll 60 subjects, which will allow detection of an odds ratio for response (adequate relief) of 4.5 with 2-sided α=0.05 and β=0.2. If the odds ratio for this dichotomous outcome is smaller, this study will provide pilot data for a larger trial. Clinical symptoms are expected to fluctuate. Even if citalopram is not superior to placebo, prospectively collected data will illuminate the relationship between symptoms and visceral sensitivity, and the placebo effect.
The invention relates to a Siqitang integrated novel dosage form and a production method of the novel dosage form. The raw material composition in part by weight of the effective components of the novel dosage form is as follows: 5 parts of Pinellia ternate, 4 parts of Poria cocos, 2 parts of Perilla frutescens leaf, and 3 parts of Magnolia officinalis. The production process comprises the steps of supersonic jet milling, alcohol water extraction, ultrasonic pulverization extraction, water decoction and concentration, supersonic spray drying, nano grinding, high pressure homogenization, nano particles preparation and the like. The invention pays attention to the advantages of multi-coordination, multi-target and the like showed by utilizing nano carrier combined technique, after large-scale production, the production cost can be greatly reduced, the product quality is greatly improved, and the targeting and sustained or controlled release properties of the drugs are strong. The products made in the invention can be dosed in vivo and in vitro simultaneously, and can be taked at four periods of time respectively according to midnight-noon ebb-flow and human qi and blood circulation rules. The effective components of Siqitang can also be prepared into a film-forming agent and a transdermal agent which is stick to different body parts according to midnight-noon ebb-flow and human qi and blood circulation rules for direct absorption through skin.
PURPOSE: An oral gargle liquid containing natural medicinal herbs is provided to ensure oral hygiene with safety to human body and to prevent superinfection or xerostomia. CONSTITUTION: An oral gargle liquid contains chrysanthemum, betony, and nepta herb extract. Main ingredients of betony are trimethylcyclohexane, carboxylic acid, and acacetin. The betony has effect of suppressing fungi, E.coli, pneumococcus, and hemolytic Streptococcus. The nepta herb contains menthol and limonene. The oral gargle liquid additionally contains fluorine, surfactant, perfume and sweetener.
Background: Symmetrical peripheral gangrene (SPG) is a destructive clinical condition where amputation is often the final treatment option. We aimed to identify the predictors of SPG using the common data model (CDM) and propose a new scoring system for predicting hospitalized patients at risk of developing SPG. Methods: A cohort of patients treated with intravenous noradrenaline, epinephrine, and vasopressin between 2011 and 2020 was retrospectively analyzed using the CDM database. The main outcome was amputation performed as a resuscitation measure. We investigated risk factors including demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and preoperative laboratory values. Based on demographic variables such as age and sex, a 1:10 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed. The odds ratio (OR) was calculated using logistic regression analysis. Results: Amputation was performed in 308 (0.4%) patients out of a cohort of 73,902 patients. Age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), renal disease (RD), heart failure, anemia, hypercholesterolemia, peripheral vascular disease (PVD), and laboratory markers such as albumin, eosinophils, hematocrit, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, ESR, aPTT, creatinine, and BUN were statistically significant. Logistic regression analysis revealed statistically significant differences in DM (OR 5.51), RD (OR 2.90), PVD (OR 9.67), and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) (OR 0.49). Compared to the group without amputation, logistic regression analysis after matching the age and sex group with 1:10 PSM showed statistically significant results in DM (OR 3.59), RD (OR 2.59), PVD (OR 7.76), and CVD (OR 0.40). Conclusion: Early recognition of high-risk patients may help medical providers prevent severe outcomes, including amputation surgery.