anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a gastrointestinal drug which contains the combination of Coptidis rhizoma and/or Pbellodendri cortex puverata and Aurantii nobilis pericarpium pulveratum, possesses anti-Helicobacter pylori activity and is useful in the prevention, the treatment or the recidivation prevention for gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodental ulcer or the like. SOLUTION: This gastrointestinal drug is obtained by including the combination of (A) Coptidis rhizoma and/or Phellodendri cortex pulverata or extracts and (B) Aurantii nobilis pericarpium pulveratum or extract. On this gastrointestinal drug, it is favorable to use 2-200 pts.wt. of the raw crude drug of the component B based on 1 pt.wt. of the raw crude drug of the component A. Further, it is favorable that this gastrointestinal drug includes at least one kind of histamine H2 receptor antagonist (e.g. cimetidine or the like), proton pump inhibitor (e.g. lansoprazole or the like), gastric mucosa protection type gastritis-peptic ulcer therapeutic drug (e.g. aldioxa or the like), antacid and stegnotic.  On the amounts of the components A and B used, Coptidis rhizoma and Phellodendri cortex or Aurantii nobilis pericarpium are preferably used at daily doses of 0.03-6 g and 0.03-10 g, respectively, per an adult based on the raw crude drugs.
Participants in this group are the nearest relatives (or "person-of-trust") of a patient who has passed away within 3 days of admission to an intensive care unit. The cause of death includes brain death with multiple organ donation +/- tissues.
Neuropathic pain occurs in people experiencing lesion or disease affecting the somatosensorial system. It is present in 7 % of the general population and may not fully respond to first- and second-line treatments in up to 40 % of cases. Neuromodulation approaches are often proposed for those not tolerating or not responding to usual pharmacological management. These approaches can be delivered surgically (invasively) or non-invasively. Invasive neuromodulation techniques were the first to be employed in neuropathic pain. Among them is spinal cord stimulation (SCS), which consists of the implantation of epidural electrodes over the spinal cord. It is recommended in some guidelines for peripheral neuropathic pain. While recent studies have called into question its efficacy, others have provided promising data, driven by advances in techniques, battery capabilities, programming algorithms and software developments. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is another well-stablished neuromodulation therapy routinely used for movement disorders; however, its role in pain management remains limited to specific research centers. This is not only due to variable results in the literature contesting its efficacy, but also because several different brain targets have been explored in small trials, compromising comparisons between these studies. Structures such as the periaqueductal grey, posterior thalamus, anterior cingulate cortex, ventral striatum/anterior limb of the internal capsule and the insula are the main targets described to date in literature. SCS and DBS present diverse rationales for use, mechanistic backgrounds, and varying levels of support from experimental studies. The present review aims to present their methodological details, main mechanisms of action for analgesia and their place in the current body of evidence in the management of patients with neuropathic pain, as well their particularities, effectiveness, safety and limitations.
Interest in fasting-based programs (i.e. intermittent fasting) for improvement of health and longevity continues to grow. The short-term fasting (e.g. 12 to 48 hours in duration) utilized in many intermittent fasting programs are considered safe, but some individuals may find them subjectively difficult. As such, the question of whether the benefits of fasting can be obtained while small amounts of food are consumed is of substantial interest.

One commercially available product that is designed to be consumed during periods of intermittent fasting is the Fast Bar™, which stems out of the well-researched fasting-mimicking diet to assist prolonged fasting. The unique formulation of the Fast Bar™ is hypothesized to minimize deviations in metabolic biomarkers associated with a fasting state. This may ease the burdens associated with extended period of fasting. The objective of this study is to evaluate the metabolic and subjective effects of Fast Bar, when consumed with coffee or tea, after a prolonged period of fasting.
Identifying genetic risk factors for highly heterogeneous disorders such as epilepsy remains challenging. Here we present, to our knowledge, the largest whole-exome sequencing study of epilepsy to date, with more than 54,000 human exomes, comprising 20,979 deeply phenotyped patients from multiple genetic ancestry groups with diverse epilepsy subtypes and 33,444 controls, to investigate rare variants that confer disease risk. These analyses implicate seven individual genes, three gene sets and four copy number variants at exome-wide significance. Genes encoding ion channels show strong association with multiple epilepsy subtypes, including epileptic encephalopathies and generalized and focal epilepsies, whereas most other gene discoveries are subtype specific, highlighting distinct genetic contributions to different epilepsies. Combining results from rare single-nucleotide/short insertion and deletion variants, copy number variants and common variants, we offer an expanded view of the genetic architecture of epilepsy, with growing evidence of convergence among different genetic risk loci on the same genes. Top candidate genes are enriched for roles in synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability, particularly postnatally and in the neocortex. We also identify shared rare variant risk between epilepsy and other neurodevelopmental disorders. Our data can be accessed via an interactive browser, hopefully facilitating diagnostic efforts and accelerating the development of follow-up studies.
Coronary artery blockage causes myocardial infarction (MI), a frequent and serious cardiovascular disease. The early recurrence of post-MI ventricular fibrillation after defibrillation has been widely investigated and treated. This research investigated the relationship between electrophysiological indicators of early recurrence following defibrillation in post-MI ventricular fibrillation and sympathetic renal denervation's therapeutic benefits and probable causes. Animal models were used for experiments. Electrophysiological indications of early recurrence were reported after MI and defibrillation in ventricular fibrillation patients. After that, a selection of rats received sympathetic renal denervation, and the therapeutic results were compared to the control group. Electrocardiogram monitoring, myocardial histology, and neurotransmitter assays were done. Defibrillation therapy causes an early recurrence in ventricular fibrillation patients. Electrophysiological measures showed increased ST segment elevation and T wave alterations in the early recurrence group. In the sympathetic renal denervation intervention group, early recurrence was greatly decreased and the electrocardiogram (ECG) was more stable and regular. Myocardial histology showed decreased cellular damage and fibrosis in the sympathetic renal denervation group. Sympathetic renal denervation intervention significantly reduced sympathetic nerve activity, according to neurotransmitter measures. Electrophysiological indications of early recurrence following defibrillation in post-MI ventricular fibrillation are linked to sympathetic renal denervation's therapeutic benefits. Myocardial damage and fibrosis may be reduced, ECG features improved, and the early recurrence rate reduced by sympathetic renal denervation. One possible method of sympathetic renal denervation intervention is reduced sympathetic nerve activity.
Traditional method of organ preservation which involves flushing of cold preservation solution following complete dissection and interruption of blood supply to the donor organ. Although cold preservation slows metabolism by 10- to 12-fold, substantial anaerobic activity continues even at ice temperature. This lead to the generation of reactive oxygen species that are the basis of ischaemia-reperfusion injury, when the organ is re-exposed to oxygenated blood at the time of transplantation. This damage, exacerbated by any prior injury, limits the maximum safe preservation time of the donor organ.
OBJECTIVE: To describe an unusual case of spontaneous hemothorax resulting from thymic involution in a dog with suspected acquired bleeding dyscrasia associated with steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA).
CASE DESCRIPTION: A 6-month-old spayed female Golden Retriever was referred due to the sudden onset of lethargy, fever (pyrexia), loss of appetite (anorexia), and moderate neck pain. These symptoms emerged six days after an ovariohysterectomy performed by the primary veterinarian. Upon admission, the patient exhibited pale mucous membranes, tachycardia (180 bpm), bilateral muffled heart sounds and tachypnea. Abdominal and thoracic point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) were performed and revealed bilateral pleural effusion. Due to the patient's unstable condition, emergent thoracocentesis and transfusion of packed red blood cells was required. The initial work-up performed included a complete blood cell count (CBC), biochemistry profile, venous blood gas and coagulation panel (PT, APTT, fibrinogen). Pleural effusion analysis was compatible with hemothorax. Bloodwork was unremarkable including the initial coagulation panel. Further coagulation test was performed including buccal mucosal bleeding time, viscoelastic-based clot detection tests (TEG) and Von Willebrand factor antigen measurement. TEG revealed marked hyperfibrinolysis. Angiostrongylus vasorum and 4DX snap test were performed and yielded a negative result. Thoracic CT scan revealed the presence of a soft tissue-attenuating mass in the ventral mediastinum, thymic involution, and enlargement of the sternal and mediastinal lymph nodes. Therapy with tranexamic acid and corticosteroids at anti-inflammatory doses was initiated. Marked clinical improvement was observed within 24 hours, and after three days of hospitalization the patient was discharged. One month later, the dog was referred again for acute pyrexia, hyporexia, and neck pain which progressed to non-ambulatory tetraparesis. Neurological examination was compatible with C6-T2 lesion. MRI and cerebrospinal fluid analysis were performed and revealed a final diagnosis of steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA) with associated intramedullary hemorrhage. Corticosteroids were started again, and the patient showed a dramatic improvement over the next 24 hours. Three weeks after the diagnosis, the dog returned to a clinically normal state. The treatment was gradually tapered over the following months, guided by regular neurological and clinical examinations and CRP measurements, without any relapses.
NEW OR UNIQUE INFORMATION: To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first documented case of a dog experiencing spontaneous hemothorax as a result of thymic hemorrhage/involution which, in the absence of other identifiable diseases, was attributed to a hyperfibrinolytic state induced by a severe inflammatory disease such as SRMA.
Eligible participants must be military veterans who have served in a combat zone as evidenced by documentation on the subject's DD214 (or equivalent if he/she served in a foreign military). Participants must have a diagnosis of post traumatic stress disorder that was as a result of their military combat experience.
OBJECTIVE: Preeclampsia (PE) increases the risk of many adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. This study was to investigate the correlation between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness and PE and birth weight.
METHODS: This was a single-center retrospective study, 221 patients with PE were selected, and 81 women without hypertension and proteinuria were selected as a comparison. Echocardiogram was performed in their first prenatal examinations at 11-13 gestational weeks, and the thickness of EAT was measured. At the subsequent follow-up, the birth weight was recorded.
RESULTS: EAT thickness was significantly elevated (6.60 ± 1.34 vs. 5.71 ± 1.79 mm, p < 0.001) in severe PE compared to mild PE. In the multivariate analysis, EAT thickness (OR 5.671, 95% CI, 1.991-16.150, p = 0.001), and C reactive protein (OR 4.097, 95% CI, 2.323-7.224, p < 0.001) were found as significant independent predictors of severe PE after adjusting for other risk factors. Linear regression analysis showed that hs-CRP, EAT thickness, and severe PE significantly negatively affected birth weight.
CONCLUSION: EAT thickness can be used to identify pregnant women with severe PE risks and low birth weight. It is an independent risk factor for severe PE but is not a valuable sign of mild PE.
BACKGROUND: Unilateral vocal fold immobility (VFI) is a known cause of morbidity amongst children following congenital heart surgery. Injection medialization (IM) provides medial distraction and improves glottic closure. Limited objective data is available for the effect of IM in young children (<2 years-old) with VFI.
METHODS: Retrospective case series of infants <2 who underwent IM for VFI after congenital cardiac surgery. Primary outcome was objective reduced risk of aspiration based on Dysphagia and Outcome Severity Scores (DOSS) on Video swallow study (VFSS) performed prior to and within 4 weeks following IM. Secondary analysis included perioperative complications and number of children who were able to avoid NG or G tube placement.
RESULTS: 17 children <2 years of age had unilateral VFI after congenital cardiac surgery and underwent IM. The median age at time of initial cardiac surgery was 6 days (IQR 3-7). There was no intraoperative or postoperative stridor or associated complications. All 17 patients had preoperative aspiration noted on VFSS. Average swallowing outcomes on VFSS improved after IM with an increase in DOSS score (preop score 3 (IQR 2-4) to postop score 6.5 (IQR 5-7) [P = 0.001]). At 2 months following IM, of the patients who had improvement in swallowing function, 50% (n = 6) were able to feed completely orally, 25% (n = 3) were fed orally with an NG wean, and 3 (25%) had a G tube placed.
CONCLUSION: Initial results suggest that IM is safe and improves early objective swallowing outcomes in children <2 years old with VFI after congenital cardiac surgery.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 134:4396-4401, 2024.
One or more formulations for treating psoriasis and other skin disorders characterized by redness, itching, flaking, scaling, and plaque-type growth. The formulation includes a carrier component, one or more active ingredient components, and a surfactant component. The carrier preferably includes an alcohol in substantially equal volume with isopropyl myristate. The active ingredient component preferably includes a superpotent or high-potency corticosteroid such as clobetasol propionate, an anti-flaking ingredient such as zinc pyrithione, or a combination of the two. It may also include an anti-fungal compound. The surfactant component preferably includes an alkyl sulfate such as sodium lauryl sulfate. The formulations made by applied topically either in spray form or as a direct-contact liquid.
A shared treadmill workstation will be installed in participating offices, or in a nearby location in case there is no space to fit the workstation in the office, enrolled to this group. Within the intervention group there will be a maximum allocation of two participants per treadmill desk. The participants in the intervention group will be asked to interrupt their sitting with 20 minutes of self-selected light-intensity walking at a speed of 1-4 km/h each hour for a minimum of 6 hours per shift to accumulate a total of 2 hours of light-intensity activity per work day.
Hypoxia is a key hallmark of solid tumors and can cause resistance to various treatments such as photodynamics and immunotherapy. Microenvironment-responsive gene editing provides a powerful tool to overcome hypoxia resistance and remodel hypoxic microenvironments for enhanced tumor therapy. Here, a light-enhanced hypoxia-responsive multifunctional nanocarrier is developed to perform spatiotemporal specific dual gene editing for enhanced photodynamic and immunotherapy in breast cancer. As a gated molecule of nanocarrier, the degradation of azobenzene moieties under hypoxic conditions triggers controllable release of Cas9 ribonucleoprotein in hypoxic site of the tumor. Hyaluronic acid is conjugated with chloramine e6 to coat mesoporous silica nanoparticles for targeted delivery in tumors and generation of high levels of reactive oxygen species, which can result in increased hypoxia levels for effective cleavage of azobenzene bonds to improve gene editing efficiency and reduce toxic side effects with light irradiation. Moreover, dual targeting HIF-1α and PD-L1 in the anoxic microenvironments can overcome hypoxia resistance and remodel immune microenvironments, which reduces tumor plasticity and resistance to photodynamic and immunotherapy. In summary, a light-enhanced hypoxia responsive nanocomposite is developed for controllable gene editing which holds great promise for synergistic hypoxia-resistant photodynamic and immunotherapy.
Clinical sites will be identified by an internal database, prepared by the sponsor, based on previous experience with the sites. Study allocation will based on their current usage of Guidance® UTI and the reporting pathway (described above) will be implemented. Those who currently routinely use Guidance® UTI testing procedures will be over sampled 2:1 over those who do not routinely use Guidance® UTI. Larger clinical care systems with multiple care sites may have locations allocated to different cohort. The basis for cohort allocation will be based on the availability and willingness of providers in these markets to implement infrastructure for collecting and reporting of Guidance® UTI clinical pathway. The comparative cluster cohort will be selected from select geographies within the U.S. based on size of general population served matching to those enrolled in the Guidance® UTI clinical pathway.

The method of patient care and management (e.g., test ordering and antimicrobial initiation) is at the discretion of the treating physicians. Specimens collected for suspected UTI may be sent to Pathnostics for standard bacterial identification and sensitivities. Guidance® UTI can only be performed at Pathnostics, whereas urine cultures may be performed at any lab. Trained and experienced clinical lab scientists at Pathnostics are always available to assist the ordering provider with results interpretation or any other questions on the report they may have.
Rationale Approximately 75% of patients with lung cancer present with advanced disease. For those with stage 1 disease, the chance of cure is up to 70%. Therefore, diagnostics which may aid identification of those with early stage lung cancer will play an important role in future screening programs. Because all cancer cells are characterized by a change in their metabolism related to their uncontrolled growth, detection of the resulting metabolites may be a novel diagnostic tool for early stage lung cancer. Subsets of these metabolites are volatile and are exhaled as so-called volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Analysis of exhaled VOCs suggests they differ between patients with advanced lung cancer and healthy controls. The Lung Cancer Indicator Detection (LuCID) study aims to validate the use of a high-throughput breath analysis technique in a population of patients whom are clinically suspected of having lung cancer.

Methods LuCID is an international, multi-center case-control study. Patients referred by their GP or treating specialist for a diagnostic work-up for lung cancer will be invited to participate in the study. A maximum of two thousand five hundred patients whom consent to partake in this study will be asked to provide a breath sample prior to any diagnostic procedures. This is a non-invasive procedure that will require the patient to breath normally into a facemask to collect 2.5L of breath amounting to approximately 10 minutes of breathing. The resulting samples will be analyzed for VOCs by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry and Gas Chromotography coupled to Field Assymetrical Ion Mobility Spectrometry. The resulting VOC profiles will be used to generate a diagnostic algorithm in order to try to differentiate between patients with and without lung cancer in the intention to diagnose population. This study will not interfere in any with the standard care offered at the clinical sites.

Outcomes The results of this study will provide detailed insights into the accuracy of the test for the detection of lung cancer in the intention to diagnose population. This will form the foundation for a subsequent study in a population at risk for the development of lung cancer. If sufficiently accurate for early stage disease, analysis of breath VOCs could help implement large-scale screening for lung cancer, significantly decreasing the morbidity and mortality of the disease.
OBJECTIVES: Infants with anterior abdominal wall defects (AWD) can suffer from pulmonary complications. Our aims were to determine if the chest radiographic thoracic areas (CRTAs) on day one differed between infants with exomphalos or gastroschisis, whether this related to differing severity of outcomes and if they were lower than those of controls indicating abnormal antenatal lung growth.
METHODS: A review of infants with exomphalos or gastroschisis born between January 2004 and January 2023 was conducted. The control group was term, newborn infants ventilated for poor respiratory drive at birth. Chest radiographs on day one were analysed and the highest CRTA in the first 24 h after birth for each infant included in the analysis.
RESULTS: The 127 infants with gastroschisis had a lower gestational age and birthweight than the 62 exomphalos infants and 130 controls (all p<0.001) The CRTAs of the controls were greater than the CRTAs of the exomphalos and the gastroschisis infants (p = 0.001). The median CRTA corrected for birthweight was lower in the exomphalos infants [688, IQR 568-875 mm2/kg] than the gastroschisis infants [813, IQE 695-915 mm2/kg] No gastroschisis infant developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). A CRTA of 1759 mm2 had a sensitivity of 81 % and specificity of 71 % in predicting BPD in infants with exomphalos.
CONCLUSIONS: Infants with gastroschisis or exomphalos had lower CRTAs than controls suggesting both groups had abnormal antenatal lung development. The CRTA was lower in the exomphalos infants who also had worse respiratory outcomes, hence CRTA assessment may a useful prognostic aid.
Aquatic multidimensional mobility exercises were given in the treatment pool at Balcova Thermal Centre, Izmir, Turkey. Group of 6-7 patients was instructed by a specialized physiotherapist twice in a week for eight weeks. The water temperature was 33-340C and the depth was between 110-140 cm, patients were asked to keep T11 level submersion during vertical exercises. Exercise span was kept 30-40 min in first 4 weeks then increased to 45-50 min with additional exercises.