anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Pregabalin extended-release tablets are for oral use and contain pregabalin. Pregabalin is described chemically as (S)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid. The molecular formula is C8H17NO2 and the molecular weight is 159.23. The chemical structure of pregabalin is:

Pregabalin is a white to off-white, crystalline solid with a pKa1 of 4.2 and a pKa2 of 10.6. It is freely soluble in water and both basic and acidic aqueous solutions. The log of the partition coefficient (n-octanol/0.05M phosphate buffer) at pH 7.4 is – 1.35.

Pregabalin extended-release tablets are administered orally and contain 82.5 mg, 165 mg, or 330 mg of pregabalin, along with amino methacrylate copolymer, colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hypromellose, and magnesium stearate.

The monogramming ink is comprised of ammonium hydroxide, black iron oxide, isopropyl alcohol, N-butyl alcohol, propylene glycol and shellac glaze.

The 82.5 mg tablets also contain macrogol, polyvinyl alcohol, talc, and titanium dioxide. The 165 mg tablets also contain iron oxide yellow, iron oxide red, macrogol, polyvinyl alcohol, talc, and titanium dioxide. The 330 mg tablets also contain ferrosoferric oxide, iron oxide red, macrogol, polyvinyl alcohol, talc, and titanium dioxide.
Successful implantation depends on synchronization between a normal functional embryo at the blastocyst developmental stage and a receptive endometrium. The endometrium is receptive to blastocysts during a spatially and temporally restricted time window called the "window of implantation". Failure of the endometrium to attain receptivity is one cause of infertility, and this is not currently assessed during infertility workup due to a lack of reliable markers for receptivity. Better tests are required to assist the clinician with the decision when to defer a transfer and to freeze all embryos. Proteomics, or the analysis of the proteins in any sample, provides physiologically relevant information, since there are many regulatory steps between the transcriptome and functional proteins. Uterine fluid is a protein-rich histotroph that contains, among other components, secretions from the endometrial glands and cleavage products of both the secreted proteins and the glycocalyx. The aim of this study is to assess the highly sensitive mass spectrometer analysis of the proteins from cervical mucus for the detection of defects in endometrial receptivity and search for new endometrial receptivity biomarkers.
In India, child malnutrition is responsible for 22% of the country's burden of disease. Development of local therapeutic nutritional intervention is highly recommended by WHO. Present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of the nutritional intervention, as well as to study HRI (heme regulated inhibitor) gene expression, to suggest it as a molecular marker for the early detection of iron deficiency anemia in malnourished children also to find anthropometric marker and different correlations of study parameters.

105 test and 100 control SAM (Severe Acute malnutrition) children without infection, of 1 to 5 years of age and either sex were enrolled. Test group was given treatment of nutritional intervention therapy (NIT), providing 2.5 to 3gm Protein and 90-100kcal/kg body Weight/day, for the three months period. Their Anthropometric, Enzymatic, Biochemical and Hormonal parameters were measured before and after the NIT. Correlation of serum triglyceride with weight for height% , as well as correlation of HRI with Mean corpuscular hemoglobin,(MCH) was studied. Similarly status of Hairs, Skin, oedema, WHO z- score,and BMR was also studied before and after the NIT.
Pharmaceutical and skin-care preparations for external topical application to the skin or eyes of humans or animals for therapeutic or prophylactic purposes (e.g. powders, pastes, ointments, creams, gels, solutions, emulsions, milks, foams, sprays or drops) contain energy-rich phosphates (esp. adenosine triphosphate) as active ingredient. The preparations promote healing of skin damage of all kinds e.g. wounds, burns, ulcers, abscesses or fistulae. They are also effective against radiation damage of all kinds, and improve healing of transplants. They may be applied to the eyes for the treatment of traumatic and thermal damage of horny and connective tissue, damage due to radiation, acids or alkalis, and inflammations. The advantages of local topical application are that the energy-rich phosphate is able to act directly on the target organ, and that the energy-rich phosphate cannot give rise to undesired vascular side-effects because it is not absorbed into the cardiovascular system.
Continuous NIV for at least 4 hours until clinical improvement then intermittent 1-hour sessions for a minimal duration of 12 hours a day. Between NIV sessions HFNC will be delivered as in the HFNC group.
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the management and results of our standarized protocol for preoperative identification of MRSA colonisation in patients undergoing primary total hip and knee replacement procedures.
METHODS: Following hospital protocol, between January 2016 and June 2019 37,745 patients awaiting elective joint replacement underwent a standardized questionnaire to assess the risk of MRSA infection, identifying patients requiring preoperative MRSA screening. An evaluation of the questionnaire identified effective questions for identifying infected patients. Furthermore, an analysis evaluated the impact of comorbidities or Charlson Comorbidity Index scores on positive MRSA colonization. Additionally, we evaluated the cost savings of targeted testing compared to testing all surgery patients.
RESULTS: Of the 37,745 patients, 8.057 (21.3%) were swabbed, with a total of 65 (0.81%) positive tests. From this group 27 (36.48%) who were treated were negative before surgery. Some of the questionnaire results were consistently associated with a higher chance of colonization, including hospitalization during the past year (47,7%), previous history of MRSA (44,6%), and agriculture or cattle farming related work (15,4%). By selectively testing high-risk patients identified through the questionnaire, we achieved a 79% reduction in costs compared to universal MRSA screening.
CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the simple and standardized questionnaire is a valuable tool for preoperative screening, effectively identifying high-risk patients prone to MRSA colonisation. The risk of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) and its associated sequelae may be reduced by this approach.
BACKGROUND: Transient hypotension is a common occurrence during the implantation of bone cement. This placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial study investigated the effect of prophylactic infusion of norepinephrine on the incidence of hypotension in senior patients who underwent vertebroplasty.
METHODS: The trial recruited patients who were greater than or equal to 65 years of age, had an American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status classification of I to III, and underwent vertebroplasty from August 2020 to August 2021 at the Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine in China. The patients were randomly grouped according to whether they received either a norepinephrine infusion of 0.05 µg/kg/min or an equivalent volume of saline 10 min before implantation of bone cement. Intraoperative hemodynamics were monitored continuously by the MostCare system at the following 7 time points: 10 min before implantation of bone cement and immediately, 30 s, 1, 3, 5, and 10 min after implantation of bone cement. We also recorded the number of hypotensive episodes and the total number of vasopressors after implantation of bone cement. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the risk factors associated with hypotension after implantation of bone cement.
RESULTS: A total of 63 patients were randomized to the control group (n = 31; median [IQR] age, 74 [69-79] years) and the norepinephrine group (n = 32; median [IQR] age, 75 [71-79] years). The incidence of hypotension in the norepinephrine group was significantly lower than that in the control group after implantation of bone cement (12.5% vs. 45.2%; relative risk [RR], 3.61 [95% CI, 1.13-15.07]; P = 0.005). Moreover, the median (IQR) number of hypotensive episodes (0 [0-0] vs. 0 [0-2]; P = 0.005) and the total number of vasopressors (0 [0-0] vs. 0 [0-1]; P = 0.004) in the norepinephrine group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Furthermore, compared with the baseline, the MAP significantly decreased at 1 min (P = 0.007) and 3 min (P < 0.001) after bone cement implantation in the control group. However, the MAP at 3 min in the norepinephrine group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.001). The incidence of complications was not different between the groups. In multivariable logistic regression, the FRAIL score (OR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.21-4.31) was identified as a risk factor associated with hypotension.
CONCLUSION: Prophylactic infusion of norepinephrine before bone cement implantation can stabilize hemodynamics and reduce the incidence of hypotension after implantation of bone cement.
Patients not prescribed ticagrelor 60 mg at a comparable time point after an MI as matched patients in the ticagrelor cohort. Patients may be prescribed another P2Y12 inhibitor or aspirin alone.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted pathogen that causes anogenital disease. Cervical screening by cytology and HPV testing (co-testing) are important in prevention of cervical cancer. The Bethesda System category of atypical squamous cells (ASC) is used when a neoplastic process cannot be confidently identified. In such cases, the differential diagnosis is broad and includes benign conditions. Monitoring of ASC/SIL ratio is a commonly used laboratory quality assurance measure to prevent over- or under-use of this category. High risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) has been used in conjunction with the ASC/SIL ratio in determining whether a particular pathologist is over/under-using the indefinite category. However, the laboratory overall sample population prevalence rate of hr-HPV subtypes has not been previously examined for association with the ASC rate. In this study, the relationships between ASC/SIL ratio and hr-HPV prevalence rate and hr-HPV subtypes (16/18 and non-16/18) to the laboratory ASC prevalence were studied. The results demonstrate that HPV non-16/18 is the main subtype which is associated with ASC-US category. A large proportion of non-16/18 HPV-related cases are seen in young patients, which largely abates by the by fourth decade. In addition, there are differences in the ASC/SIL ratio for HPV 16/18 and non-16/18 types. The overall ASC/SIL ratio is an average of the ASC/SIL rate for the non-16/18 population and the HPV 16/18 population. Instead of basing the laboratory and practitioners' quality indicator solely on ASC/SIL ratio, the overall prevalence of HPV and its subtype ratio should also be reported as they are more reflective of laboratory performance.
Metabolic studies indicate that protriptyline is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is rapidly sequestered in tissues. Relatively low plasma levels are found after administration, and only a small amount of unchanged drug is excreted in the urine of dogs and rabbits. Preliminary studies indicate that demethylation of the secondary amine moiety occurs to a significant extent, and that metabolic transformation probably takes place in the liver. It penetrates the brain rapidly in mice and rats, and moreover that which is present in the brain is almost all unchanged drug.

Studies on the disposition of radioactive protriptyline in human test subjects showed significant plasma levels within 2 hours, peaking at 8 to 12 hours, then declining gradually.

Urinary excretion studies in the same subjects showed significant amounts of radioactivity in 2 hours. The rate of excretion was slow. Cumulative urinary excretion during 16 days accounted for approximately 50% of the drug. The fecal route of excretion did not seem to be important.

Dispense with Medication Guide available at:www.epic-pharma.com/medguide/Protriptyline-Hydrochloride-Tablet.pdf
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors and predictive value on acute kidney injury (AKI) following surgery, and to elucidate the relationship between platelet/white blood cell ratio (PWR) and AKI.
METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was conducted. The patients who underwent surgery admitted to Honghui Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2019 to January 2023 were enrolled. The patients who developed AKI during the postoperative hospital stay were categorized as the AKI group, while those with normal renal function or not meeting AKI criteria were categorized as the non-AKI group. Demographic information, clinical characteristics, perioperative medication usage, surgical related information, and preoperative and postoperative laboratory indicators were collected. Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for postoperative AKI. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) was plotted to assess the predictive efficacy of postoperative PWR for postoperative AKI.
RESULTS: A total of 420 patients were enrolled finally, with 72 developing AKI during hospitalization and 348 not developing AKI. Compared with the non-AKI group, the patients in the AKI group had a higher proportion of hypertension and coronary heart disease, a more usage of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), mannitol and vancomycin but a less usage of hydroxyethyl starch, a longer duration from injury to surgery and postoperative hospital stay, a greater intraoperative blood transfusion volume, a lower preoperative albumin (Alb), blood sodium, blood chlorine but a higher serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN)/Alb ratio and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and a higher postoperative white blood cell count (WBC), BUN, SCr, BUN/Alb ratio, blood potassium, and blood phosphorus but a lower platelet count (PLT), PWR, and Alb. Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that perioperative usage of hydroxyethyl starch [odds ratio (OR) = 8.595, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 4.112-17.964, P < 0.001], prolonged duration from injury to surgery (OR = 1.084, 95%CI was 1.034-1.137, P = 0.001), increased intraoperative blood transfusion volume (OR = 1.001, 95%CI was 1.000-1.002, P = 0.017) were risk factors for AKI following surgery, and increased postoperative PWR was protective factor (OR = 0.930, 95%CI was 0.894-0.967, P < 0.001). ROC curve analysis indicated that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of postoperative PWR for predicting postoperative AKI was 0.684 (95%CI was 0.615-0.754); at the optimal cut-off value of 19.34, the sensitivity was 63.8%, and the specificity was 69.8%.
CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative PWR is an independent risk factor for AKI in patients undergoing surgery. Postoperative PWR reduction in surgical patients can assist in predicting the occurrence of postoperative AKI.
PURPOSE: Patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease often undergo a 24-hour pH test to confirm pathologic reflux before surgery. However, a negative pH test can occur in some individuals with reflux, and a case might still be made for antireflux surgery based on symptoms of reflux even in the absence of endoscopic esophagitis. The long-term outcomes in patients who underwent antireflux surgery despite negative preoperative test results were determined.
METHODS: Patients were selected from a prospective database. A total of 745 patients met the inclusion criteria, which included typical esophageal reflux symptoms, absence of a large hiatus hernia, preoperative 24-hour pH study performed, endoscopy, and postoperative symptom and satisfaction follow-up available at 5 years. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on 24-hour pH study and endoscopy results: negative pH and negative endoscopy (n = 65), negative pH and positive endoscopy (n = 72), and positive pH (n = 608). The negative pH and negative endoscopy group underwent surgery based on clinical assessment and typical esophageal reflux symptoms. Baseline and follow-up outcomes at 5 years were evaluated using 0 to 10 analog scores, which assessed heartburn, dysphagia, and satisfaction with the overall outcome. Data were analyzed to compare the groups.
RESULTS: The groups were well matched for demographics and preoperative symptom scores. At the median 5-year follow-up, clinical outcome scores were similar among the groups for heartburn, dysphagia, and overall satisfaction. The mean heartburn scores were 1.80 in the negative pH and negative endoscopy group, 1.88 in the negative pH and positive endoscopy group, and 1.91 in the positive pH group (P = .663). The mean satisfaction scores were high in all groups: 8.13, 7.31, and 7.72, respectively (P = .293).
CONCLUSION: No difference in clinical outcome scores was observed. The negative pH and negative endoscopy group had high satisfaction scores and low heartburn and dysphagia scores. Our findings support antireflux surgery in well-selected symptomatic patients with a negative preoperative pH test.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hair cleansing composition which generates elastic foam, has a smoothness of finger combing at the time of rinsing, makes the hair soft after drying, and hardly makes the hair wavy after drying, while giving a proper volume to the hair after drying.SOLUTION: The invention provides a hair cleansing composition containing the following components a-d, wherein the content ratio (c/b) of a component c to a component b is 1≤c/b≤10, and the content ratio (b/d) of the component b to a component d is 5≤b/d≤50. a. An acylamino acid salt anionic surfactant: 5-30 mass%. b. One or two kinds of amino acid derivatives selected from N-acyl-L-lysine and N-acyl-L-arginine: 0.2-4 mass%. c. Unsaturated or branched monovalent alcohol with a carbon number of 8-22: 0.5-5 mass%. d. a copolymer of glycerol (meth) acrylate monomer and long chain alkyl group-containing unsaturated monomer represented by the formula (1): 0.01-0.3 mass%. (Ris a H or methyl group; and n is an integer of 1-4.)SELECTED DRAWING: None
PURPOSE: A composition containing sulfuretin is provided to prevent or treat type 1 diabetes and to prevent side effects of the diabetes. CONSTITUTION: A composition for preventing and treating type 1 diabetes contains sulfuretin, isolated from Rhus verniciflura, as an active ingredient. A NF-kappaB inhibitor contains sulfuretin, isolated and purified from Rhus verniciflura, as an active ingredient. An iNOS expression inhibitor contains sulfurein as an active ingredient. A health food for preventing diabetes contains sulfuretin as an active ingredient. The composition additionally contains pharmaceutically or nutritionally acceptable carrier, excipient, diluent, or accessory ingredients.
A total of 304 patients with type 2 diabetes already treated with sulfonylurea therapy participated in a 14-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of glimepiride monotherapy. Patients discontinued their sulfonylurea therapy then entered a 3-week placebo washout period followed by randomization into 1 of 4 treatment groups: placebo (n=74), glimepiride 1 mg (n=78), glimepiride 4 mg (n=76) and glimepiride 8 mg (n=76). All patients randomized to glimepiride started 1 mg daily. Patients randomized to glimepiride 4 mg or 8 mg had blinded, forced titration of the glimepiride dose at weekly intervals, first to 4 mg and then to 8 mg, as long as the dose was tolerated, until the randomized dose was reached. Patients randomized to the 4 mg dose reached the assigned dose at Week 2. Patients randomized to the 8 mg dose reached the assigned dose at Week 3. Once the randomized dose level was reached, patients were to be maintained at that dose until Week 14. Approximately 66% of the placebo-treated patients completed the trial compared to 81% of patients treated with glimepiride 1 mg and 92% of patients treated with glimepiride 4 mg or 8 mg. Compared to placebo, treatment with glimepiride 1 mg, 4 mg and 8 mg daily provided statistically significant improvements in HbA 1C compared to placebo (Table 3). 

A total of 249 patients who were treatment-naïve or who had received limited treatment with antidiabetic therapy in the past were randomized to receive 22 weeks of treatment with either glimepiride (n=123) or placebo (n=126) in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-titration trial. The starting dose of glimepiride was 1 mg daily and was titrated upward or downward at 2-week intervals to a goal FPG of 90 to 150 mg/dL. Blood glucose levels for both FPG and PPG were analyzed in the laboratory. Following 10 weeks of dose adjustment, patients were maintained at their optimal dose (1, 2, 3, 4, 6 or 8 mg) for the remaining 12 weeks of the trial. Treatment with glimepiride provided statistically significant improvements in HbA1C and FPG compared to placebo (Table 4).
The invention relates to a fetus protection acupuncture point paste and a preparation method thereof. The fetus protection acupuncture point paste is prepared from, by weight, 1-2 parts of fructus amomi and 1-2 parts of folium artemisiae argyi. The preparation method comprises the steps that the fructus amomi and the folium artemisiae argyi are mixed proportionally and smashed into fine powder, then, honey with the weight being 0.8-1.2 times the total weight of the fructus amomi and the folium artemisiae argyi is added to be thick, and the mixture is placed on a paste to form the fetus protection acupuncture point paste which can be applied to the Zhongwan acupoint, the Shenque acupoint and the Guanyuan acupoint respectively. Compared with similar fetus protection formulas, few formula varieties exist, and the fetus protection acupuncture point paste is easy to manufacture, economical, and convenient for a pregnant woman to use. The fetus protection acupuncture point paste is applied to the Zhongwan acupoint, the Shenque acupoint and the Guanyuan acupoint once every day, applied for eight hours every time, and applied for seven days continuously to complete one course of treatment; due to the dual effects of continuously simulating the acupuncture points and the skin, medicine is absorbed, no side effect exists, and the fetus protection acupuncture point paste is safe and convenient to use and is an ideal method for fetus protection treatment. The fetus protection acupuncture point paste is applied to 50 pregnant women with the abortion symptoms, the curative rate can reach 92%, and the effect is quite good.
The immunologic consequences of using bactericidal versus bacteriostatic antibiotic treatments are unclear. We observed a bacteriostatic (growth halting) treatment was more protective than a bactericidal (bacteria killing) treatment in a murine peritonitis model. To understand this unexpected difference, we compared macrophage responses to bactericidal treated bacteria or bacteriostatic treated bacteria. We found that Gram-negative bacteria treated with bactericidal drugs induced more proinflammatory cytokines than those treated with bacteriostatic agents. Bacterial DNA - released only by bactericidal treatments - exacerbated inflammatory signaling through TLR9. Without TLR9 signaling, the in vivo efficacy of bactericidal drug treatment was rescued. This demonstrates that antibiotics can act in important ways distinct from bacterial inhibition: like causing treatment failure by releasing DNA that induces excessive inflammation. These data establish a novel link between how an antibiotic affects bacterial physiology and subsequent immune system engagement, which may be relevant for optimizing treatments to simultaneously clear bacteria and modulate inflammation.