anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic progressive degenerative illness in which dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta deteriorate resulting in a reduction in striatal dopamine. Decreased levels of dopamine in PD patients results in varying combinations of akinesia, bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity and gait\\postural instability. Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, affecting nearly 1.2 million Americans with annual treatment costs approaching $25 billion. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a surgical approach developed for the treatment of advanced PD that provides promise in alleviating its motor deficits. The most common stimulation site for the treatment of advanced PD is the subthalamic nucleus (STN). Nearly 90 percent of patients involved in a multi-center trial with STN stimulation underwent single session bilateral implantation. It is generally accepted that bilateral STN stimulation improves upper and lower extremity function. However, bilateral STN stimulation may be associated with postoperative morbidity including cognitive deficits and neuropsychiatric changes. In contrast, the effects of unilateral STN stimulation on bilateral upper and lower extremity motor function are poorly understood. The question of whether to proceed with bilateral or unilateral surgery is important, as a significant number of patients for whom surgery is a consideration have relative contraindications such as age greater than 70, cognitive decline, or other medical conditions that may prevent bilateral implantation. Considering the risks for bilateral implantation may be greater than unilateral procedures, it is necessary to determine if unilateral stimulation is an effective means of ameliorating PD symptoms. The primary aim of this collaborative project is to determine the effects of unilateral STN DBS on functional upper (manual dexterity) and lower (postural stability and gait initiation) extremity motor performance in Veterans with advanced PD. The results from these studies have the potential to impact the use of DBS in the treatment of advanced PD. Positive bilateral results with unilateral stimulation of STN may allow patients not currently considered eligible for bilateral implantation to be considered for unilateral procedures as a method of treating PD symptoms. Our general hypothesis is that unilateral STN DBS acts to override disrupted neural activity of the basal ganglia in one hemisphere. The resultant normalized basal ganglia output to the SMA then allows for improved planning and control of bilateral actions. Bilateral upper and lower extremity motor performance will be quantified in a group of advanced PD patients with unilateral STN DBS patients while "on" and "off" stimulation. It is hypothesized that unilateral STN DBS will result in bilateral improvements in upper and lower extremity motor function.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has a global prevalence of 25% and is a leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The prevalence of MASLD has been increasing, mirroring the global increase in diabetes and metabolic syndrome. MASLD is a chronic and progressive condition characterized by inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and disruptions in lipid metabolism. Programmed cell death (PCD) plays a pivotal role in determining the pathological aspects of MASLD, including liver inflammation, fibrosis, and even the potential for malignant transformation. PCD is a dominant process that is fundamental for eukaryotic growth and serves as a regulatory factor in MASLD. PCD encompasses various pathways, including autophagy, ferroptosis, apoptosis, and pyroptosis. These PCD pathways can be activated at different stages of MASLD. The key effector molecules involved in these processes are central focal points in the development of therapeutic interventions for MASLD. Here, we comprehensively review the idea that targeted the modulation of the PCD pathway may be an effective approach for the prevention and/or treatment of MASLD.
PCT No. PCT/JP94/00233 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 24, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 24, 1995 PCT Filed Feb. 16, 1994 PCT Pub. No. WO94/19375 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 1, 1994Heat resistant carbonate- and/or hydrogencarbonate-iron-Lf complexes in which one molecule of lactoferrin is bound with 15 molecules or over of iron via carbonic acid and/or hydrogencarbonic acid. Process for the production of above mentioned complexes prepared by adjusting pH</=7 by adding alkali salts of carbonic acid and/or hydrogencarbonic acid to an aqueous solution containing an iron salt exhibiting pH</=4 when dissolved in water and lactoferrins, or adding an iron salt and lactoferrin solution to carbonic acid and/or hydrogencarbonic acid solution, or adding the iron salt or its solution to a solution containing carbonic acid and/or hydrogencarbonic acid and lactoferrins. The resultant lactoferrin complexes are highly heat resistant and useful as raw materials of foods, medicines, feeds, cosmetics and so forth.
Prescription opioids still account for a large proportion of overdose deaths and contribute to opioid use dependence (OUD). Studies earlier in the epidemic suggest clinicians were less likely to prescribe opioids to racial/ethnic minorities. As OUD-related deaths have increased disproportionately amongst minority populations, it is essential to understand racial/ethnic differences in opioid prescribing patterns to inform culturally sensitive mitigation efforts. The purpose of this study is to estimate racial/ethnic differences in opioid medication use among patients prescribed opioids. Using electronic health records and a retrospective cohort study design, we estimated multivariable hazard models and generalized linear models, assessing racial/ethnic differences in OUD diagnosis, number of opioid prescriptions, receiving only one opioid prescription, and receiving ≥18 opioid prescriptions. Study population (N=22,201) consisted of adult patients (≥18years), with ≥3 primary care visits (ensuring healthcare system linkage), ≥1 opioid prescription, who did not have an OUD diagnoses prior to the first opioid prescription during the 32-month study period. Relative to racial/ethnic minority patients, White patients, in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses, had a greater number of opioid prescriptions filled, a higher proportion received ≥18 opioid prescriptions, and a greater hazard of having an OUD diagnosis subsequent to receiving an opioid prescription (all groups p<0.001). Although opioid prescribing rates have declined nationally, our findings suggest White patients still experience a high volume of opioid prescriptions and greater risk of OUD diagnosis. Racial/ethnic minorities are less likely to receive follow-up pain medications, which may signal low care quality. Identifying provider bias in pain management of racial/ethnic minorities could inform interventions seeking balance between adequate pain treatment and risk of opioid misuse/abuse.
Participation and Environment Measure Plus (PEM+) is a new electronic health application that facilitates family-centered and participation-focused intervention planning for young children receiving rehabilitation therapies. PEM+ design was informed by caregiver and provider input. It is a web-based intervention planning application that is designed for use by caregivers of young children receiving rehabilitation therapies. Caregivers who complete the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM), an electronic patient-reported outcome measure, evaluate their child's participation and then can click on a weblink to begin the PEM+ application, whereby they build on their YC-PEM responses for the purpose of creating a participation-focused care plan to share with their child's rehabilitation team. PEM+ is a five-step recursive process (i.e., the caregiver can repeat the five-step process to create as many care plans for their child as needed), and it offers tiered support to the user during completion (tier 1: frequently asked questions available in the application, tier 2: support provided by email, tier 3: support provided by phone). For the first aim of this study, caregivers completed one iteration of PEM+ to complete user tasks for the purpose of evaluating PEM+ usability. For the second aim of this study, caregivers were instructed to complete the PEM+ over a two-week (14 day) period. This time frame was selected by the research team as it mimics what would be provided in the routine care planning processes of early intervention and early childhood education.
All sessions last 45-60 minutes. There will be up to 8 participants in each session which will be led by an athletic trainer or rehabilitation trainer. Pain management, prevention strategies, and active treatment will be covered in the 8 sessions. Active treatment includes strengthening, stretching, pain control, movement re-education, and walking.
This innovation relates to a sugar-free pectin nutrient gummy base and a preparation method thereof, which process is shown as follows: β-carotene is poured into palm oil, followed by the addition of Tween 80 and water to form a mixture by agitating continuously. Then isomalt is added, afterward hydrogenation of the mixture through a high-pressure homogenize. The prepared emulsion is powdered by lyophilizer (freeze dryer), then dissolve the powder into solution which so called solution 3 at ambient temperature. Gel 1 is made by combining the powders of pectin, isomalt, and part of maltitol into water with stirring. After preparing gel 1 and solution 3, with high-speed blending firstly, solution 3 is pouring into gel 1, and addition of isomalt, and rest of maltitol is employed into the mixed gel, at this time gel 2 is created. Afterwards, adding citric acid to gel 2, vacuum degassing, heating up, moulding, and cooling. The gummy base provide by the innovation is suitable for any target market, as it is a plant-based product which is not consist of any ingredients derived from animals, as well as it does not contain any sugar, which means it does not influence blood sugar level, and not lead to obesity.
Over the past 40 years, the prevalence of obesity has risen dramatically, reaching epidemic proportions. By 2030 the number of people affected by obesity will reach 1.12 billion worldwide. Gastrointestinal hormones, namely incretins, play a vital role in the pathogenesis of obesity and its comorbidities. GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) and GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1), which are secreted from the intestine after nutrient intake and stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells, influence lipid metabolism, gastric empting, appetite and body weight. The gut microbiota plays an important role in various metabolic conditions, including obesity and type 2 diabetes and influences host metabolism through the interaction with enteroendocrine cells that modulate incretins secretion. Gut microbiota metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and indole, directly stimulate the release of incretins from colonic enteroendocrine cells influencing host satiety and food intake. Moreover, bariatric surgery and incretin-based therapies are associated with increase gut bacterial richness and diversity. Understanding the role of incretins, gut microbiota, and their metabolites in regulating metabolic processes is crucial to develop effective strategies for the management of obesity and its associated comorbidities.
In a long-term cardiovascular outcomes study [see Clinical Studies 14.2], in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease, the occurrence of non-traumatic lower limb amputations was reported with event rates of 4.7, 5.7, and 6.0 events per 1000 patient-years in the placebo, ertugliflozin 5 mg, and ertugliflozin 15 mg treatment arms, respectively.

Amputation of the toe and foot were most frequent (81 out of 109 patients with lower limb amputations). Some patients had multiple amputations, some involving both lower limbs.

Lower limb infections, gangrene, and diabetic foot ulcers were the most common precipitating medical events leading to the need for an amputation. Patients with amputations were more likely to be male, have higher A1C (%) at baseline, have a history of peripheral arterial disease, amputation or peripheral revascularization procedure, diabetic foot, and to have been taking diuretics or insulin.

Across seven ertugliflozin clinical trials, non-traumatic lower limb amputations were reported in 1 (0.1%) patient in the comparator group, 3 (0.2%) patients in the ertugliflozin 5 mg group, and 8 (0.5%) patients in the ertugliflozin 15 mg group.

Before initiating STEGLUJAN, consider factors in the patient history that may predispose them to the need for amputations, such as a history of prior amputation, peripheral vascular disease, neuropathy and diabetic foot ulcers. Counsel patients about the importance of routine preventative foot care. Monitor patients receiving STEGLUJAN for signs and symptoms of infection (including osteomyelitis), new pain or tenderness, sores or ulcers involving the lower limbs, and discontinue STEGLUJAN if these complications occur.
The intervened children were provided classroom educational and playful activities during 5 months, which included Sesame Workshop Healthy Habits storybooks, posters, videos, games, and songs (1 hour daily); a "Healthy family day" workshop (1 hour); and weekly health notes. Parents participated in 3 workshops and weekly notes containing positive health messages about nutrition and active lifestyles to share with their children. Teachers also participated in 3 centralized training sessions, plus personalized working sessions with a research supervisor (2 hours every 15 days), and received a teacher's guide.
Conventional mechanical ventilation is known as positive pressure ventilation (PPV) because the machine delivers positive pressure directly into the airways to ventilate and expand the lungs. In a healthy lung, inflation occurs when the pressure inside the lung is greater than the pressure outside the lung. This transpulmonary pressure is the difference between the pressure inside the lung (in the alveolus) and the pressure just outside the lung (the pleural cavity). Since positive pressure ventilation delivers pressure directly into the airways, the transpulmonary pressure is increased by making the lung pressure more positive. This is markedly different than physiologic breathing and carries an increased risk of ventilator-associated lung injury1. In the setting of sick lungs, where the pressure required to open collapsed areas of lung may be more than areas of healthy lung, this higher pressure can in turn cause damage to the areas of healthy lung. The known effects of this ventilator-associated lung injury from positive pressure ventilation can be avoided with the use of negative pressure ventilation. In negative pressure ventilation (NPV), the transpulmonary pressure is increased by making the pleural pressure more negative. This is achieved by using a plastic shell that covers the chest and generates negative pressure between the plastic shell and the chest. This pressure is distributed more evenly across a large surface of the chest wall and results in more uniform lung expansion. As a result, NPV results in better oxygen delivery and less lung injury than positive pressure ventilation2.

However, despite the extensive use of NPV in other countries, there is little data available regarding the transpulmonary pressure that these machines can generate; i.e. how well does negative pressure in the plastic shell transmit to the pleural cavity to expand the lung. There is a large amount of data supporting the use of biphasic cuirass ventilation to minimize lung damage3 and improve hemodynamics4-9, but no studies have been done to date that look at the transpulmonary pressure and how it differs depending on age and size. It is still unclear what optimal pressure is required via the chest cuirass to expand and ventilate the lungs via. It is also unknown what maximum pressures can be used before the lung becomes overinflated and complications arise.

This study will examine the correlation between the transpulmonary pressure and the actual setting on the biphasic chest cuirass device is the primary study end point.
Methods and systems for recovery-adaptive biobehavioral-regulation treatments for relapse. In various embodiments, a user wears a sensor that collects biobehavioral data regarding the user and is operatively connected to an electronic computing device associated with the user. Generally, the disclosed system monitors the collected biobehavioral data to mitigate relapse of a previous disease and/or disorder (e.g., addiction, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, etc.) by presenting personalized recovery cues (e.g., images, videos, etc.) to the user when the user is experiencing stimuli that increase the risk of relapse. In addition, the user has the ability to modulate the implicated brain structure image interactively on the smartphone interface (e.g., changing the size, texture, color, image), in order to change its functionality in real-time and improve in-the-moment emotional regulation. By presenting the personalized recovery cues, in various embodiments, the risk of relapse in the user can be reduced.
Inflammatory processes are important in the progressive loss of memory and thinking skills in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Laboratory studies show that drugs that bind to a protein known as "Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor-gamma (PPARgamma)" act to reduce inflammatory responses in brain cells known as microglia when they are exposed to amyloid peptide, a major part of AD pathology. Therefore, drugs that activate PPARgamma have great potential for reducing the progression of AD. Pioglitazone (PGZ) activates PPARgamma and has shown favorable clinical experiences and safety profiles in patients with diabetes. This is a pilot study to determine the safety and tolerability of PGZ in patients with AD. Another goal of the study is to assess how clinical measures of cognition, daily function, and behavior might respond to PGZ treatment.
When restarting CLOZARIL in patients who have had even a brief interruption in treatment with CLOZARIL dosage must be reduced. This is necessary to minimize the risk of hypotension, bradycardia, and syncope [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)]. If one day’s dosing has been missed, resume treatment at 40% to 50% of the established dose. If two days dosing have been missed, resume dose at approximately 25% of the established dosage. For longer interruptions, re-initiate at a dosage of 12.5 mg once daily or twice daily. If these dosages are well-tolerated, the dosage may be increased to the previous dosage more quickly than recommended for initial treatment.
The invention is directed to the treatment of degenerative diseases of tissues which have lost melanin and which share a common embryological basis as tissues of the nervous system by the administration of an active substance which causes an increased concentration of melanin in the tissue. Such active substances include melanin, melanin variants, melanin analogs, melanin derivatives, tyrosinase, tyrosinase gene, melanin-concentrating hormone and combinations thereof. Examples. of such diseases include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, retinitis pigmentosa, schizophrenia and dementia. The invention is also useful in assisting in the repair of neurons in a mammal having neuron damage by administering an effective amount of an active substance which causes an increased concentration of melanin in the neuron to aid in nerve repair. The invention is further useful in protecting a mammal from a toxin-induced disease or from the adverse effects of a toxin by administering an effective amount of the active substance described above.
Topical pharmaceutical compositions are described comprising, based on the total weight of the composition: a) 0.01 to 0.2 wt. % of mometasone furoate, b) 5 to 18 wt. % of hexylene glycol, c) 20 to 40 wt. % of water, and d) 25 to 70 wt. % of an oil phase. Said compositions are stable and can be safely and easily applied over large surface areas of the skin in an acceptable way by the general patient population for the treatment or prevention of psoriasis, atopic dermatitis (atopic eczema) and other skin disorders or diseases.
FIFA 11+ KIDS Training Protocol will be conducted by the experimental group twice a week for 8 weeks with 15-20-minute interventions. Volleyball players continued their standard volleyball training after the training protocol.
The study medication will consist of identical capsules filled Concerta® over-encapsulated to preserve double-blinding. The weekly dosages will be low, medium, and high based on weight cut-offs. Participants weighing less than 25kg will receive 18mg (low), 27mg (medium), and 36mg (high) dosages and participants weighing above 25kg will receive 18mg (low), 36mg (medium), and 54mg (high) dosages during the 3-week upward titration trial. Weekly ratings monitoring behavioral and side effect symptoms score and the Pittsburgh Side Effects Rating Scale.
Prediction of the physiological effect of phytotherapeutic products and the recommendation of phytotherapeutic products on the basis of physiological effects are provided. A first product profile includes a plurality of compound identifiers and a plurality of concentrations. Observational data is read regarding a plurality of subjects who have consumed a first product substantially conforming with the first product profile. From the observational data a first set of physiological effects is determined associated with the first product profile. In some embodiments, a second set of physiological effects associated with a second product profile is determined based on the first product profile, the second product profile, and the first set of physiological effects. In other embodiments, a second product profile associated with a second set of physiological effects is determined based on the first product profile, the first set of physiological effects, and the second set of physiological effects.
The first dose will be administered as soon as possible after the patient is enrolled and randomized into the Clazakizumab 25 mg arm. The route of administration will be intravenous. Each dose will be administered as an infusion that is run over 30 minutes. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) will be evaluated at baseline and on days 1 and 2 following clazakizumab administration. If the CRP does not decrease by 50% within 36-48 hours after the first dose, a second dose of 25 mg clazakizumab will be given no later than day 3.
The subjects will accept ultrasound guided SGB in the right side of the neck in a supine position. The drug is 5 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine.