anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Current estimates indicate that in excess of 65 percent of adults in the United States are overweight (BMI \>25.0 kg/m2) with at least 30 percent of adults classified as obese (BMI \>30 kg/m2). Overweight and obesity have been linked to numerous chronic conditions including cardiovascular disease. The application of cardiac MRI (CMRI) allows for direct measurement of the cardiac structure, and left ventricular mass (LVM) assessed by CMRI has been shown to be predictive of cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have shown that LVM is decreased with weight loss; however, there is a lack of information on the added benefit of physical activity to weight loss on these direct measures of cardiovascular structure and function. Thus, consistent with PA-09-243, this study will examine the effect of two recommended doses of physical activity combined with a dietary intervention on changes in the proposed outcomes of cardiovascular disease risk in overweight adults.

The primary aim of this study is to examine the effect of the consensus public health recommended level of physical activity \[moderate physical activity (MOD-PA) = 150 min/wk\] versus a higher dose of physical activity \[high physical activity (HIGH-PA) = 250 min/wk\] in the context of a comprehensive behavioral weight loss program that a includes a reduction in energy intake measures of cardiovascular function using cardiac MRI and biomarkers of vascular disease risk. Each of these exercise doses will be compared independently to a Diet Only group intervention on the proposed primary and secondary outcomes, with MOD-PA also compared to HIGH-PA. This study involves the recruitment of 390 overweight and obese adults who will be randomly assigned to one of the above conditions (Diet Only, MOD-PA, HIGH-PA) for a period of 12 months. The primary outcome is LVM measured by cardiac MRI. Secondary outcomes include additional cardiac MRI measures (aortic pulse wave velocity, end diastolic volume, aortic distensibility), inflammatory markers (CRP and TNFα) and selected adipocytokines (adiponectin) as biomarkers of risk related to vascular outcomes, body weight, body composition, and cardiorespiratory fitness, and traditional CVD risk factors (lipids, glucose, insulin, blood pressure). Additional secondary analyses will allow for examination of the effects of physical activity independent of weight change on the primary and secondary outcomes.
PURPOSE: Provided is a vaccine for increasing immunity against hepatitis C virus, which induces efficient cellular immune response, and exerts early defensive effect against the infective hepatitis C virus. CONSTITUTION: A DNA vaccine comprises plasmids containing genes corresponding to 2-6kb of total antigen genes of the hepatitis C virus. Specifically, the DNA vaccine comprises a first plasmid containing Core, E1 and E2 genes, a second plasmid containing NS3 and NS4 genes, and a third plasmid containing NS5 genes. The first plasmid is pGX10 gDsdeltaST(KCCM10415) where gDs indicates the signal sequence of glycoprotein D of herpes simplex virus. The second plasmid is pGX10 NS34(KCCM10417). The third plasmid is pGX10 NS5(KCCM10416).
FIELD: staining technology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a composite used for oxidative staining keratin fibers (hair) comprising at least the direct cationic dye and one pyrazolo-[1,5-a]-pyrimidine compound as a base to be oxidized. Invention relates to also a method of an oxidative staining using this composite. Invention provides the staining showing resistance to aggressive factors ( bad weather, washing, permanent curling, light). EFFECT: improved properties of composite. 22 cl, 1 ex
BACKGROUND: Clinical outcomes in bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs) are influenced by bacterial species, host immunity, and antibiotic therapy. The mechanisms by which such factors influence outcomes are poorly understood. We aimed to identify bacterial- and antibiotic-specific host transcriptional signatures in patients with bacterial BSI.
METHODS: RNA sequencing was performed on blood samples from patients with BSI due to gram-negative (GN) versus gram-positive (GP) pathogens: Escherichia coli (n = 30) or Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 28) versus methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (n = 24) or methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (n = 58). Patients were matched by age, sex, and race.
RESULTS: No significant host transcriptome differences were detected in patients with E. coli versus K. pneumoniae BSI, so these were considered together as GN BSI. Relative to S. aureus BSI, patients with GN BSI had increased activation of the classic complement system. However, the most significant signal was a reduction in host transcriptional signatures involving mitochondrial energy transduction and oxidative burst in MRSA versus MSSA. This attenuated host transcriptional signature remained after controlling for antibiotic therapy.
CONCLUSIONS: Given the importance of immune cellular energetics and reactive oxygen species in eliminating hematogenous or intracellular MRSA, these findings may offer insights into its persistence relative to other bacterial BSIs.
The effectiveness of tumor therapy, especially immunotherapy and oncolytic virotherapy, critically depends on the activity of the host immune cells. However, various local and systemic mechanisms of immunosuppression operate in cancer patients. Tumor-associated immunosuppression involves deregulation of many components of immunity, including a decrease in the number of T lymphocytes (lymphopenia), an increase in the levels or ratios of circulating and tumor-infiltrating immunosuppressive subsets [e.g., macrophages, microglia, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and regulatory T cells (Tregs)], as well as defective functions of subsets of antigen-presenting, helper and effector immune cell due to altered expression of various soluble and membrane proteins (receptors, costimulatory molecules, and cytokines). In this review, we specifically focus on data from patients with glioblastoma/glioma before standard chemoradiotherapy. We discuss glioblastoma-related immunosuppression at baseline and the prognostic significance of different subsets of circulating and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (lymphocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, Tregs, natural killer (NK) cells, neutrophils, macrophages, MDSCs, and dendritic cells), including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), focus on the immune landscape and prognostic significance of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant gliomas, proneural, classical and mesenchymal molecular subtypes, and highlight the features of immune surveillance in the brain. All attempts to identify a reliable prognostic immune marker in glioblastoma tissue have led to contradictory results, which can be explained, among other things, by the unprecedented level of spatial heterogeneity of the immune infiltrate and the significant phenotypic diversity and (dys)functional states of immune subpopulations. High NLR is one of the most repeatedly confirmed independent prognostic factors for shorter overall survival in patients with glioblastoma and carcinoma, and its combination with other markers of the immune response or systemic inflammation significantly improves the accuracy of prediction; however, more prospective studies are needed to confirm the prognostic/predictive power of NLR. We call for the inclusion of dynamic assessment of NLR and other blood inflammatory markers (e.g., absolute/total lymphocyte count, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index, and systemic immune response index) in all neuro-oncology studies for rigorous evaluation and comparison of their individual and combinatorial prognostic/predictive significance and relative superiority.
Patients in the tranexamic acid (TA) group will receive a bolus of TA, prepared according to patient weight (15mg / kg loading dose). The patients would also receive a continuous infusion of 1mg / kg per hour or TA preparation for the duration of the operation.
Antibiotic, anticoccidial non-dusting dry feed premix compsn. comprises by % of total wt. of feed premix. (a) 30-99% of a sorptive, edible organic carrier or a sorptive silica or a silicate on which has been sprayed and allowed to dry; (b) a premix soln. of 0.25-35% of an ionophore polyether antibiotic, or a pharmaceutically or pharmacologically acceptable salt, 0.75-35% of a phisiologically acceptable alcohol, provided that the ratio of antibiotic or salt to alcohol is 1:10-3:10, and 0-10% of a vegetable oil or additional phisiologically acceptable alcohol. The compsn. is useful in animal feeds with reduced dermal toxicity allowing easier handling.
Participants will receive 40 sessions in 4 weeks, for twice daily on weekdays from Monday to Friday. Each session will be performed for 30 minutes. The current intensity will be adjusted continuously from 500 μA\~2mA.
Subjects will be randomized to the placebo arm for the first 24 weeks of the study. Then, subjects in this arm will be re-randomized into either the 3,000 mg per day or 6,000 mg per day arm for the remaining 24 weeks of the study (48 weeks total study duration).
A key component of primary care pediatrics is health promotion through screening: applying a test or procedure to detect a previously unrecognized disease or disease risk. How do we decide whether to screen? In 1965, Wilson and Jungner published an influential set of screening principles focused on the health problem's importance, the screening tool's performance, and the evidence for treatment efficacy. However, if we want realistic estimates of the population effects of routine screening, we must also account for the health care system's real-world functioning and disparities in care. We offer revised principles to guide discussions about routine screening in the primary care setting. We add to Wilson and Jungner's principles: 1. A focus on life course epidemiology and its consequences for population health, 2. A need to screen for the early stages of chronic health problems, 3. A concern for screening's acceptability to providers and the community, 4. A recommendation for estimating the uncertainty in benefits and harms in evaluating screening, 5. Inclusion of systematic plans for population data collection and monitoring, and 6. Recognition that achieving population health improvement requires a high-performing system with sufficient throughput and monitoring to deliver accessible, affordable, and effective care, especially for the groups experiencing the greatest inequities in access. Above all, instead of assuming best practices in treatment delivery and monitoring after screening, we argue for realism about the health care system functioning in routine practice.
A redundant interactive subject evaluation system composed of multiple, distinct test sites containing multiple test stations, nodes which interconnect several test sites and a single integrating evaluating hub into which flows all site and node data. The system is operable to receive dial-in telecommunications data from any remote test site location including transportation vehicles in transit by air, water, or land. System reliability is high with continued node and test site activity even during overall system outages. The performance evaluation test runs on the test stations at the individual sites interactively evaluating the performance capabilities of multiple subjects by comparing the test subjects' hub data stored as historical performance characteristics with their new test results secured at the test stations. Trained, evaluating personnel not located at the test sites such as Medical Review Officers (MRO's) are located at the nodes and hub to analyze, evaluate and interpret data received from the test subject's results at the remote sites. One embodiment of the system is described in detail.
INTRODUCTION: neonatal mortality rate (NMR) is defined as the probability of dying during the first 28 days of life expressed per 1,000 live births. The death of neonates without risk factors at the end of pregnancy could be an indicator of sub-optimal quality care during labor and care of sick neonates. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the factors associated with neonatal deaths happening without detected risks during prenatal period.
METHODS: a cross-sectional study was conducted from 2017 to 2021.The recruited pregnant women were those who had a live, term, single-intrauterine pregnancy without detectable fetal abnormality at the time of starting labor. The data were collected through open data kit (ODK) forms that were customized in kobo tool in the tablets. The data analysis was performed using STATA statistical software. The factors associated with neonatal mortality were analyzed in a multiple logistic regression and considered significant if p < 0.05.
RESULTS: among the 4401 enrolled mothers, neonatal deaths were 361 (8.2%). The factors associated with death of neonates without risk factors during prenatal period were low Apgar score [AOR = 4.38: 95%CI (2.33-7.72)], male sex [AOR=2.25: 95%CI (1.12-3.81)], gestational age above 40 weeks [AOR=4.79: (2.50-7.61)] and assisted vaginal delivery [AOR = 2.55: 95%CI (1.12-4.96)].
CONCLUSION: the increased number of neonatal deaths are associated with sex of neonates, low Apgar score, post maturity and assisted vaginal delivery. The hospital-based studies should be done to address the preventable neonatal deaths with no detected risk factors before birth.
PURPOSE:To provide a transcutaneous absorption preparation containing a drug composed of estradiol or its ester, etc., and an absorbefacient composed of dibasic carboxylic acid, its salt, etc., in a base, exhibiting high transcutaneous permeability of drug and enabling the supply of a sufficient amount of drug through a small area of skin. CONSTITUTION:The objective transcutaneous absorption preparation contains 8-12wt.% of a drug composed of estradiol and/or its ester (e.g. benzoic acid ester or propionic acid ester) and 0.1-30wt.% (preferably 3-7wt.%) of an absorbefacient composed of a 2-10C dibasic carboxylic acid (e.g. oxalic acid or phthalic acid) and/or its salt in the base. It may further contain an ester derived from a 10-18C higher fatty acid and a 1-20C alcohol as other absorbefacient. The above preparation is preferably used in the form of a tape produced by forming a tacky adhesive layer (preferably acrylic tacky adhesive) containing the drug and the absorbefacient on one surface of a substrate. It exhibits sustained release without causing the dermatic disorder such as flare.
Antigen tests are simple to perform, have a rapid turn-around time of 15-30 minutes, and a lower cost than molecular tests. Because antigen tests do not incorporate an amplification step, they are intrinsically less sensitive than PCR molecular tests. Nevertheless, several investigators have examined the feasibility of screening populations of individuals in a low SARS-CoV-2 infection prevalence situation, such as the workplace or schools, with rapid antigen tests in place of the molecular tests. Using viral kinetics, knowledge of what level of viral load is required for transmission of culture-competent virus, test sensitivity and modeling, they have come to the conclusion that more frequent testing with a test with lower sensitivity that has a quick turn-around time is better than a test with high sensitivity with a longer turn-around time. Therefore, the goal of this study is to test the hypothesis that frequent testing with a relatively sensitive lateral flow antigen test performed at home using self-collected anterior nasal swabs will be superior to once a week or less PCR testing and non-inferior to three times a week PCR testing in an employment screening setting with a relatively low incidence of new SARS-CoV-2 infections. This study aims to assess how an at-home COVID-19 frequent testing regimen using a Rapid Antigen Screening Test (RAST) and a phone application to help interpret the test result compares to once-a-week or three-times-a-week PCR (molecular) testing to identify a SARS-CoV-2 infection. We expect to recruit up to 4,400 employees and cast members of Media and Entertainment Company and its affiliates to test whether frequent use of the RAST will perform as well or better than weekly molecular testing and at least as well as three-times-a-week molecular testing. Recruitment and the study will continue until at least 31 or at most 148 true positive SARS-CoV-2 molecular results are reached.
BACKGROUND: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality after robotic distal pancreatectomy (RDP). Ligamentum teres hepatis (LTH) reinforcement of the pancreatic remnant may reduce the incidence of POPF.
METHODS: Patients ≥18 years old, who underwent RDP at the University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center from 01/01/2018-08/31/2022. Primary endpoint was POPF incidence. Secondary outcomes included peri- and postoperative variables.
RESULTS: Thirty-three patients underwent RDP, of which LTH reinforcement was used in 21 (64 ​%) cases. Six (18 ​%) patients developed a POPF. No association was identified between LTH flap reinforcement and POPF (OR 1.18, 95 ​% CI 0.18 to 7.85, p ​= ​0.87). There were no peri- or postoperative complications related to ligamentum teres flap creation.
CONCLUSIONS: LTH reinforcement of the pancreatic remnant can be safely performed during RDP. Further studies are needed to assess the utility of this intervention to mitigate the risk of pancreatic fistula formation following RDP.
INTRODUCTION: It was reported that voice can carry information about personality and psychological distress. In the current study, the relationship between five-factor personality traits and psychological distress with voice was enlightened from diverse aspects.
METHODS: A total of 119 participants (55 with and 64 without dysphonia) sustained vowels /a/ and /i/, read six standard sentences, and answered a question. Three raters auditory-perceptually evaluated the vocal samples using the Persian version of CAPE-V. The participants were distributed into four groups (vocally healthy, mild, moderate, and severe dysphonia). They completed two questionnaires: NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21.
RESULTS: Results showed that the conscientiousness (U = 1146.500, z = -3.27, p = .001) in the dysphonia group was significantly less than the vocally healthy group. Depression (U = 1381.000, z = -2.03, p = .042) and anxiety (U = 1181.000, z = -3.10, p = .002) in the dysphonia group were significantly higher than in the vocally healthy group. In comparing different abnormal overall voice qualities, the mild dysphonia group revealed significantly lower conscientiousness (p = .001) and significantly higher anxiety (p = .002) relative to the vocally healthy group.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicated that the conscientiousness trait could play an influential role in persons with dysphonia and its psychological status. The voice care team should consider conscientiousness and psychological distress during the assessment and treatment of dysphonic patients.
Obese, normotensive, healthy subjects will receive an intravenous (IV) administration of Intralipid 20% for 24 hours, and then one placebo tablet twice daily for two weeks. The dose will be increased to two placebo tablets twice daily for the remaining four weeks. The subjects will then receive another 24-hour IV administration of Intralipid 20% at the 6-week point.
The ERAS protocol is a multimodal approach to pain control while minimizing opioid medications. Subjects randomized to the ERAS arm will undergo the standard ERAS protocol of early postoperative ambulation, no bowel preparation, and the use of multimodal pain medications including acetaminophen and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Intraabdominal pressure intraoperative will be standardized among surgeons (plan for 15mm Hg for port placement, then 12 mm Hg once docked). At the conclusion of each surgery, eligible patients will receive a dose of IV ketorolac. Postoperatively, patients will be prescribed a standard regimen of NSAIDs, acetaminophen and opioids. Patients will be asked to rate their pain according to the numeric pain rating scale immediately postoperatively in the PACU and patient opioid requirements while in the PACU will be reviewed in the chart.
BACKGROUND: Congenital lung lesions in pediatric patients may be managed conservatively or by video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). This study aimed to determine the complications after VATS for congenital lung lesions in children.
METHODS: All children undergoing a lung resection between January 2009 and June 2022 were retrospectively identified. Children undergoing a primary open lobectomy or a resection other than a congenital lung lesion were excluded. Both early (<30 days) and late postoperative pulmonary complications were determined. The primary endpoint was postoperative complications within 30 days.
RESULTS: In total, 56 patients were included, with a median age of 13 months (IQR 9-37). A VATS lobectomy were performed in 46 patients (82%), an extralobar sequestration in 8 patients (14%), an wedge resection in 1 patient and a segment resection in 1 patient. During the COVID pandemic, fewer resections were performed with an increase in symptomatic patients. A conversion to open occurred in 6 patients (11%), of which a preoperative lung infection was associated with an increased risk thereof(p = 0.004). The median follow-up was 22 months (IQR 7-57) and all patients were alive. A postoperative complication (Clavien Dindo ≥3) occurred in 9 patients and complications without the need of intervention in 6 patients. During follow-up a pneumonia occurred in 11 patients.
CONCLUSION: There seems to be a shift towards delayed surgery with an increase in symptomatic congenital lung malformations, which might lead to an increase in postoperative complications.
This original study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of reduced B vitamins as monotherapy in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) who were also positive for at least 1 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism associated with depression, and further test the hypothesis that reduced (metabolized) B vitamins will lower homocysteine (HCY) in a majority of clinically responding patients. 330 adult patients with MDD (DSM-5), and positive for MTHFR C677T and/or A1298C polymorphisms were enrolled in a trial conducted between August 1, 2014, and April 3, 2015. 160 patients received placebo, while 170 received a capsule containing a combination of reduced B vitamins. Plasma homocysteine levels were measured at baseline and week 8. The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) was used to evaluate efficacy for MDD. This further analysis is conducted on the resultant data, with patient names withheld. It is an extensive look at the findings to determine if response is correlated with HCY reduction and if other factors may be associated with response or non-response.
A treatment cycle will consist of 28 days. Treatment doses for trastuzumab and LJM716 will be fixed at trastuzumab 2mg/kg weekly, and LJM716 20mg/kg weekly. The exception to this is if dose de-escalation results in treatment of patients at dose level 1, where LJM will be dosed at 10mg/kg weekly. On Arm A, BYL719 was administered orally once daily continuously at one of 5 dosing levels, beginning with dose level 3, 250mg orally daily. On Arm B, BYL719 will be administered orally once daily during 4 of 7 days in a week, at one of 5 dosing levels, beginning with dose level 3, 250mg orally daily. This means BYL719 will be given to patients on Arm B during days 1-4, 8-11, 15-18, and 22-25 of each cycle. The dose-finding phase will follow a Continuous Reassessment Methods (CRM) phase I biostatistical design.