anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Participants will be asked to consume a daily placebo (cellulose) capsule for 12 weeks. They will then cross-over and consume 200mg of elemental magnesium in the form of magnesium glycinate daily for 12 weeks.
New medicaments for the treatment of hypertension are based on prostaglandin analogues of formula (I), their geometric and optical isomers and isomer mixtures, and physiologically tolerable salts thereof. In formula (I), P is a residue characteristic of the upper side-chain of prostanoic acid; Q is a residue characteristic of the lower side-chain of prostanoic acid; and R is H or a hydroxy-protecting group. (I) have hypotensive activity with fewer side-effects than natural prostaglandins. They are generally administered by injection in the form of solutions contg. 0.01-2% (I). Pref. (I) is 5,6; 10 alpha, 11 alpha-bis-methylene-15-hydroxy-9-oxo-13-trans-prostenoic acid. A parenteral formulation of contains active substance, tris(hyudroxymethyl)aminomethane, polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.1-N and 0.01-N HCl to pH 5.0, and redistilled water.
Hyperammonemia refers to elevated levels of ammonia in the blood, which is an important pathological feature of liver cirrhosis and hepatic failure. Preclinical studies suggest tropifexor (TXR), a novel non-bile acid agonist of Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR), has shown promising effects on reducing hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. This study evaluates the impact of TXR on hyperammonemia in a piglet model of cholestasis. We here observed blood ammonia significantly elevated in patients with biliary atresia (BA) and was positively correlated with liver injury. Targeted metabolomics and immunblotting showed glutamine metabolism and urea cycles were impaired in BA patients. Next, we observed that TXR potently suppresses bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced injuries in liver and brain with improving the glutamine metabolism and urea cycles. Within the liver, TXR enhances glutamine metabolism and urea cycles by up-regulation of key regulatory enzymes, including glutamine synthetase (GS), carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1), argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1), argininosuccinate lyase (ASL), and arginase 1 (ARG1). In primary mice hepatocytes, TXR detoxified ammonia via increasing ureagenesis. Mechanically, TXR activating FXR to increase express enzymes that regulating ureagenesis and glutamine synthesis through a transcriptional approach. Together, these results suggest that TXR may have therapeutic implications for hyperammonemic conditions in cholestatic livers.
Copper (I) chloride complex of pyrazinic acid is prepared, characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-visible spectra and its crystal structure determined by single crystal diffraction methods. This compound is found to exhibit a very positive influence as a drug, in a pharmaceutical acceptable composition for different incurable diseases, e.g. myopathy or weakness of muscles in general, infertility, and certain genetically causes disorders in mammals. These products were found to improve symptoms of myopathy, male infertility, fatigue and weakness of muscles for different reasons, and certain genetically causes disorders in mammals. It also enhanced regeneration of tissue affected by skin burns, scars, improved alopecia, decreased blood lipids and helped in loss of weight in obese patients. The observed wide scope of activities probably due to stem cell stimulation, enhancement the immune system and role of copper dependent enzyme activity.
BACKGROUND: Around one in ten people who contract Covid-19 report ongoing symptoms or 'Long Covid'. Without any known interventions to cure the condition, forms of self-management are routinely prescribed by healthcare professionals and described by people with the condition. However, there is limited research exploring what strategies are used to navigate everyday life with Long Covid, and experiences that initiate development of these strategies. Our study aimed to explore the range and influence of self-generated strategies used by people with Long Covid to navigate everyday life within the context of their own condition.
METHODS: Forming part of the Long Covid Personalised Self-managemenT support co-design and EvaluatioN (LISTEN) project, we conducted a qualitative study using narrative interviews with adults who were not hospitalised with Covid-19. Participants aged over 18 years, who self-identified with Long Covid, were recruited from England and Wales. Data were analysed with patient contributors using a reflexive thematic analysis.
RESULTS: Eighteen participants (mean age = 44 years, SD = 13 years) took part in interviews held between December 2021 and February 2022. Themes were constructed which depicted 1) the landscape behind the Long Covid experience and 2) the everyday experience of participants' Long Covid. The everyday experience comprised a combination of physical, emotional, and social factors, forming three sub-themes: centrality of physical symptoms, navigating 'experts' and the 'true colour' of personal communities, and a rollercoaster of psychological ambiguity). The third theme, personal strategies to manage everyday life was constructed from participants' unique presentations and self-generated solutions to manage everyday life. This comprised five sub-themes: seeking reassurance and knowledge, developing greater self-awareness through monitoring, trial and error of 'safe' ideas, building in pleasure and comfort, and prioritising 'me'.
CONCLUSIONS: Among this sample of adults with Long Covid, their experiences highlighted the unpredictable nature of the condition but also the use of creative and wide ranging self-generated strategies. The results offer people with Long Covid, and healthcare professionals supporting them, an overview of the collective evidence relating to individuals' self-management which can enable ways to live 'better' and regain some sense of identity whilst facing the impact of a debilitating, episodic condition.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: LISTEN ISRCTN36407216.
The invention discloses a method for preparing a drug for treating esophageal achalasia. The drug is applied to the treatment of esophageal achalasia. The drug is characterized by being prepared from the following raw pharmaceutical materials in proportioning ratio by weight: fingerleaf rodgersflower rhizome, usnea diffracta Vain., paris polyphylla Sm., luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem., murraya jasminorage, poriacocos (Schw.) Wolf, citrus reticulata Blanco, rtemisia japonica Thunb., trachelospermum jasminoides (Lindl.) Lem., radix puerariae, hordeum vulgare L. and setaria italica Beauv.. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) extracting volatile oil from coarse powder of radix puerariae, usnea diffracta Vain. and rtemisia japonica Thunb. for later use; (2) crushing setaria italica (L.) Beauv. into fine powder for later use; (3) carrying out water extraction and alcohol precipitation on fingerleaf rodgersflower rhizome, poriacocos (Schw.) Wolf, citrus reticulata Blanco, trachelospermum jasminoides (Lindl.) Lem., luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem., paris polyphylla Sm., murraya jasminorage and hordeum vulgare L., and drying so as to obtain a preliminary material; and (4) spraying the volatile oil into the preliminary material, adding the fine powder of setaria italica (L.) Beauv., uniformly mixing, sieving by using a 60-mesh sieve, and encapsulating. Proved by clinical trials, the drug prepared by the method has the characteristics of good treatment effect and high safety in the treatment of esophageal achalasia, so that the method is worthy of clinical application and popularization.
Of the approximately 6,000 subjects who participated in clinical trials with bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets (depression and smoking cessation trials), 275 were ≥65 years and 47 were aged ≥75 years. In addition, several hundred subjects aged ≥65 years participated in clinical trials using the immediate-release formulation of bupropion (depression trials). No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects. Reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.

  
  


Bupropion is extensively metabolized in the liver to active metabolites, which are further metabolized and excreted by the kidneys. The risk of adverse reactions may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, it may be necessary to consider this factor in dose selection; it may be useful to monitor renal function [see Dosage and Administration (2.3), Use in Specific Populations (8.6), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
The Traumatic Injuries distress Scale (TIDS) is commonly used to measure methods of coping with various forms of Traumatic Injuries. TIDS is a self-report questionnaire developed by David M. Walton et al. in 2016 to assess the magnitude of stress experienced as a result of recent musculoskeletal trauma. It is administered between 2 days and 4 weeks after injury and is used to estimate the likelihood of recovery within 6 to 12 months. Each item in the TIDS questionnaire, which consists of 12 items, is scored as 0, 1, or 2, and the total score is at least 0 and at most 24. The total TIDS score is interpreted as low risk (≤ 3), medium or unknown risk (4 to 10), and high risk (≥ 11) according to the score obtained. TIDS consists of three subscales: 1) uncontrolled pain (4 items), 2) negative affect (6 items), and 3) intrusion/hyperarousal (2 items). Each of the subscales has guiding features for clinicians to determine treatment priorities such as pain management, cognitive or psychological intervention, and stress management techniques. It is recommended that when the uncontrolled pain subscale score is 3 and above, the applications should be aimed at symptom control, when the negative affect score is 3 and above, the applications should be aimed at correcting negative mood, and when the intrusion/hyperarousal score is 1 and above, the applications should be aimed at treating anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder.

The questionnaires validity and reliability were examined, and good findings were found, leading to the tools widespread use. The purpose of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the original English version of the TIDS into Turkish, as well as to evaluate the instruments validity and reliability in patients with traumatic musculoskeletal injury.
Red raspberries are an excellent source of numerous polyphenolic antioxidants. The bioactivity of these compounds have been implicated in many biological pathways and may function to reduce the risk of numerous chronic diseases. We are conducting an intervention study with frozen red raspberries on a healthy adult population in order to determine if raspberry polyphenols are bioavailable and bioactive in vivo. Twenty-four subjects (12 male and 12 female) will be recruited to participate and consume one-cup frozen red raspberries daily for two weeks, they then will randomly be assigned to consume either one, two or four cups of raspberries for another two weeks, this will be followed by four weeks of non-treatment. Blood samples and 12-hour urine collections will be taken in order to measure the concentration of raspberry polyphenols in response to treatment dose. Dose-dependent treatment effects on blood biomarkers for antioxidant capacity, oxidative stress, inflammation and other chronic disease risk factors will also be measured.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves intravenously administering antitumor preparations according to schemes based on 5- fluorouracyl. To increase antitumor effectiveness, external ductojugular bypass is made and 800.0-1000.0 of central lymph is daily taken and mixed with daily dose of chemotherapeutical preparations, thermostated at human body temperature and then the so obtained mixture is introduced into the bypass lumen repeating the procedure to reach course dose. Two-three weeks later the course is repeated. 3-4 courses having been effected, the treatment is carried out by using donor allogenic lymphocytes diluted with salt and plasma-substituting solutions in comparable volumes. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment.
Ustekinumab 90 mg injected subcutaneously (SC) once a week at Weeks 0-3 during Intervention Period 1. No intervention given during Intervention Period 2.
BACKGROUND: Severe caloric restriction interventions (such as very-low-calorie diets) are effective for inducing significant weight loss and remission of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, suggestions of associated significant muscle mass (MM) loss create apprehension regarding their widespread use. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide a quantitative assessment of their effect on measures of MM in individuals with, or without, T2DM.
METHODS: EMBASE, Medline, Pubmed, CINAHL, CENTRAL and Google Scholar were systematically searched for studies involving caloric restriction interventions up to 900 kilocalories per day reporting any measure of MM, in addition to fat mass (FM) or body weight (BW).
RESULTS: Forty-nine studies were eligible for inclusion, involving 4785 participants. Individuals with T2DM experienced significant reductions in MM (WMD -2.88 kg, 95% CI: -3.54, -2.22; p < 0.0001), although this was significantly less than the reduction in FM (WMD -7.62 kg, 95% CI: -10.87, -4.37; p < 0.0001). A similar pattern was observed across studies involving individuals without T2DM. MM constituted approximately 25.5% of overall weight loss in individuals with T2DM, and 27.5% in individuals without T2DM. Subgroup analysis paradoxically revealed greater BW and FM reductions with less restrictive interventions.
CONCLUSIONS: Our review suggests that caloric restriction interventions up to 900 kilocalories per day are associated with a significant reduction in MM, albeit in the context of a significantly greater reduction in FM. Furthermore, MM constituted approximately a quarter of the total weight loss. Finally, our data support the use of less restrictive interventions, which appear to be more beneficial for BW and FM loss.
Obesity is a global issue that warrants the identification of more effective therapeutic targets and a better understanding of the pivotal molecular pathogenesis. Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is known to inhibit phospholipase A2, exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity. However, the specific effects of ANXA1 in obesity and the underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. Our study reveals that ANXA1 levels are elevated in the adipose tissue of individuals with obesity. Whole-body or adipocyte-specific ANXA1 deletion aggravates obesity and metabolic disorders. ANXA1 levels are higher in stromal vascular fractions (SVFs) than in mature adipocytes. Further investigation into the role of ANXA1 in SVFs reveals that ANXA1 overexpression induces lower numbers of mature adipocytes, while ANXA1-knockout SVFs exhibit the opposite effect. This suggests that ANXA1 plays an important role in adipogenesis. Mechanistically, ANXA1 competes with MYC binding protein 2 (MYCBP2) for interaction with PDZ and LIM domain 7 (PDLIM7). This exposes the MYCBP2-binding site, allowing it to bind more readily to the SMAD family member 4 (SMAD4) and promoting its ubiquitination and degradation. SMAD4 degradation downregulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) transcription and reduces adipogenesis. Treatment with Ac2-26, an active peptide derived from ANXA1, inhibits both adipogenesis and obesity through the mechanism. In conclusion, the molecular mechanism of ANXA1 inhibiting adipogenesis was first uncovered in our study, which is a potential target for obesity prevention and treatment.
A compression bandage comprises a flat fabric coated with a suspension of a peloid. The fabric is elastic, and 1 square m of fabric carries 250-750 g of peloid suspension. The peloid is a slurry of fango, a slurry of a river or bog sediment, or a seabed mud (pref.), and the suspension may contain 60-85 wt.% of seabed mud, 0.1-10% of a thickener, 1-7% of a moisture stabiliser, opt. other additives, and the requisite amt. of water. USE/ADVANTAGE - The bandage is for orthopaedic use (claimed). The bandage gives good support and also has healing action.
AIM: The aim of this Swedish study was to evaluate the assessment of clinical signs of perceptual disorder in children with cerebral palsy (CP).
METHODS: Three experienced raters assessed 56 videos of 19 children from 1 to 18 years of age with bilateral spastic CP, which were recorded by colleagues at an Italian hospital. Six signs were evaluated for inter-rater reliability and criterion validity. Clinical applicability was evaluated by assessing inter-rater reliability between 47 Swedish clinicians, who examined 15 of the videos during face-to-face and online education seminars. There were 41 physiotherapists, two occupational therapists and four doctors, with 1-37 years of clinical experience and a median of 10 years.
RESULTS: The experienced raters demonstrated moderate to almost perfect inter-rater reliability (kappa 0.54-0.81) and criterion validity (0.54-0.87) for startle reaction, upper limbs in startle position, averted eye gaze and eye blinking. The clinicians recognised these signs with at least moderate reliability (0.56-0.88). Grimacing and posture freezing were less reliable (0.22-0.35) and valid (0.09-0.50).
CONCLUSION: Four of the six signs of perceptual disorder were reliably recognised by experienced raters and by clinicians after education seminars. Extended education and larger study samples are needed to recognise all the signs.
Only physicians experienced in management of systemic immunosuppressive therapy for the indicated disease should prescribe cyclosporine capsules, (modified). At doses used in solid organ transplantation, only physicians experienced in immunosuppressive therapy and management of organ transplant recipients should prescribe cyclosporine capsules, (modified). Patients receiving the drug should be managed in facilities equipped and staffed with adequate laboratory and supportive medical resources. The physician responsible for maintenance therapy should have complete information requisite for the follow-up of the patient. 

Cyclosporine capsules, (modified), a systemic immunosuppressant, may increase the susceptibility to infection and the development of neoplasia. In kidney, liver, and heart transplant patients cyclosporine capsules, (modified) may be administered with other immunosuppressive agents. Increased susceptibility to infection and the possible development of lymphoma and other neoplasms may result from the increase in the degree of immunosuppression in transplant patients. 

Cyclosporine capsules, (modified) have increased bioavailability in comparison to Sandimmune Soft Gelatin Capsules (cyclosporine capsules, USP) [NON-MODIFIED]. Cyclosporine capsules, (modified) and Sandimmune are not bioequivalent and cannot be used interchangeably without physician supervision. For a given trough concentration, cyclosporine exposure will be greater with cyclosporine capsules, (modified) than with Sandimmune. If a patient who is receiving exceptionally high doses of Sandimmune is converted to cyclosporine capsules, (modified), particular caution should be exercised. Cyclosporine blood concentrations should be monitored in transplant and rheumatoid arthritis patients taking cyclosporine capsules, (modified) to avoid toxicity due to high concentrations. Dose adjustments should be made in transplant patients to minimize possible organ rejection due to low concentrations. Comparison of blood concentrations in the published literature with blood concentrations obtained using current assays must be done with detailed knowledge of the assay methods employed (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).
In a placebo-controlled flexible-dose trial in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (Study 1), 8% of patients on ropinirole extended-release tablets reported hallucination, compared with 2% of patients on placebo [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. Hallucinations led to discontinuation of treatment in 2% of patients on ropinirole extended-release tablets and 1% of patients on placebo. The incidence of hallucination was increased in elderly patients (i.e., older than 65 years) treated with ropinirole extended-release tablets [see Use in Specific Populations (8.5)].

In a placebo-controlled fixed-dose trial in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (Study 2), the incidence of hallucination was 3% in patients on ropinirole extended-release tablets compared with 0% in patients on placebo [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. The most common adverse reaction associated with study discontinuation for any dose of ropinirole extended-release tablets was hallucination (2%).

Postmarketing reports indicate that patients with Parkinson’s disease may experience new or worsening mental status and behavioral changes, which may be severe, including psychotic-like behavior during treatment with ropinirole or after starting or increasing the dose of ropinirole. Other drugs prescribed to improve the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease can have similar effects on thinking and behavior. This abnormal thinking and behavior can consist of one or more of a variety of manifestations including paranoid ideation, delusions, hallucinations, confusion, psychotic-like behavior, symptoms of mania (e.g., insomnia, psychomotor agitation), disorientation, aggressive behavior, agitation, and delirium.

Patients with a major psychotic disorder should ordinarily not be treated with ropinirole extended-release tablets because of the risk of exacerbating the psychosis. In addition, certain medications used to treat psychosis may exacerbate the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and may decrease the effectiveness of ropinirole extended-release tablets [see Drug Interactions (7.3)].
An olfactory patch comprises a well (6) formed by a reservoir layer (2), the well sandwiched between a barrier layer (3) and a permeable layer (4). The permeable layer defines a pathway for olfactory fluid flow from the well (6) (A, Figure 1 ). The flow of the olfactory may be commenced by an initiator mechanism, and may control or terminate the flow of olfactory. The olfactory patch may utilise any olfactory fluid or combination of fluids within the same patch. The patch may utilise olfactory fluid which may provide any type of functionality from fragrance to drug delivery. The olfactory patch has applications in multiple environments and surfaces such as jewellery or fashion accessories or objects of therapeutic value. Micro electro-mechanical devices may be used within the patch system which utilise fuel cell technology to control olfactory flow or to provide any other functionality.
Subjects enrolled will take hydroxocobalamin capsules twice daily for 4 weeks. All subjects will take an oral butyrate dose of 120 mg twice daily for 4 weeks.
Four escalating doses of PEG IL-2 are studied. Patients are stratified by CD4 level. CD4 levels in Group A are 200 to 500 cells/mm3; in Group B - 1 to less than 200 cells/mm3. Further stratification is by p24 positive or negative, antiviral therapy for more or less than a year, and zidovudine (AZT) versus didanosine (ddI). The duration of PEG IL-2 treatment is a maximum of 28 weeks. This is an outpatient study; patients will be observed for four hours after the first dose of PEG IL-2 and for one hour after subsequent doses.
The DEBuT-HT trial will investigate the safety and efficacy of Rheos Baroreflex Hypertension Therapy(TM) in patients with refractory hypertension despite full pharmacologic therapy. Enrolled patients will be carefully assessed prior to receiving a permanently implanted Rheos System. Once the system is implanted, these patients will be followed closely for 1 month to establish baseline information. The Rheos System will be programmed "ON" at the 1 month follow-up and incrementally increased at 2 and 3-month follow-up evaluations. An assessment of safety and efficacy will be made at the 4-month follow-up. Enrolled patients will be followed annually thereafter.