anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune mediated disease of the central nervous system that affects over 350,000 Americans. T lymphocytes, macrophages and soluble mediators of inflammation cause demyelination and axonal injury in MS. Activated macrophages release nitric oxide and oxygen free radicals that cause demyelination and axonal injury in MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Natural antioxidants may favorably influence the course of MS by decreasing oxidative injury. Chronic relapsing EAE in mouse models is clinically and pathologically useful for testing potential therapies for MS.

This study will assess three natural antioxidant regimens for their potential as treatments for MS: Ginkgo biloba, alpha-lipoic acid/essential fatty acids, and vitamin E/selenium. The effects of each regimen will be compared to determine which regimen appears most effective at suppressing EAE and decreasing markers of oxidative injury in patients with MS. As part of this study, two smaller trials will be conducted. A Phase I/II trial in patients with MS will determine if the selected antioxidant regimen can decrease disease activity as detected with gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. The results of this study will serve as the basis for a Phase III trial to assess the long term effectiveness of natural antioxidant therapy in MS.
Participants will take Eviplera every day for 14 days. Levels of the active ingredients, Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, emtricitabine, rilpivirine hydrochloride will be measured in in blood after the drug intake has been stopped in order to understand how long these drugs persist in the blood.
The ReLiver-N App will be introduced to the participants with liver cirrhosis during face-to-face interviews. The ReLiver-N App group will have access to all the contents of the ReLiver-N App, which includes the "about us", "patient education information about liver cirrhosis ", "patient activity skills", and "measuring tools". During the follow-up period, the participants in the ReLiver-N App group will take WhatsApp messages once a week and be reminded to use the education program. The ReLiver-N App will be asked to use it for three months on daily and weekly inputs their results. During the follow-up period, the participants can contact researcher via the 24/7 on the ReLiver-N App. The clinical researchers of the team will answer the participant' questions via WhatsApp. Participants in the ReLiver-N group will also receive routine patient education and routine hospital follow-ups given by the Gastroenterology team.
Anxiety is among the most common concerns in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who seek mental health services, causing suffering and family stress and exacerbating social disability. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a promising treatment for anxiety in children with high-functioning ASD, but the neural mechanisms supporting response to this treatment have not been studied. The neural-systems-level targets of CBT for anxiety in children with ASD will be investigated by evaluating brain indices of socio-emotional functioning with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) before and after treatment. CBT teaches emotion regulation skills, such as cognitive reappraisal, followed by behavioral exposure to anxiety-provoking situations. It is hypothesized that CBT aimed at the reduction of anxiety will enhance the neural circuitry that subserves the experience and regulation of emotions. This is a randomized controlled trial of CBT vs. Psychoeducation and Supportive Therapy (PST) in 100 school-age children with high-functioning ASD and moderate to severe anxiety. In addition, 50 matched typically-developing (TD) children will be scanned twice with a 16-week interval to enable interpretation of change in brain function in children with ASD after CBT vs. PST relative to TD children. CBT for anxiety will be provided using a structured manual that has been modified for children with ASD by increasing parental participation and addressing the role of core ASD symptoms in the experience and expression of anxiety. Subjects will be comprehensively characterized with regard to ASD diagnosis, IQ, adaptive behavior, and comorbid psychopathology. Functional MRI will be collected as the subjects perform tasks involving emotion regulation, emotional face perception, biological motion perception, and resting state.
Examples may include a method of making a protein-PEG conjugate salt with increased hydrophobicity. The method may include providing an aqueous protein solution. This aqueous protein solution may include a protein and a pH buffer. The method may also include reacting a polyethylene glycol with the protein to form a protein-PEG conjugate. The method may further include protonating an amino group on the protein-PEG conjugate with a hydrophobic organic acid in an organic phase. The protonation may form the protein-PEG conjugate salt having a hydrophobic anion that increases the hydrophobicity-PEG conjugate salt.
AZD9150 will be given as monotherapy on Days -7, -5, and -3 of a one week lead-in period. Combination dosing with IV AZD9150 followed by IV MEDI4736 (durvalumab) begins on Day 1 of each 28 day cycle. Thereafter AZD9150 is given weekly and MEDI4736 is given once every 4 weeks.
Nighttime smartphone use is associated with sleep problems, which in turn have a bidirectional association with overweight. We aim to investigate whether nighttime smartphone use and sleep are related to overweight and metabolic dysfunction in adult populations. We used data from three population samples (aged 16-89) from the SmartSleep Study, which included survey data (N = 29,838), high-resolution tracking data (N = 3446), follow-up data (N = 1768), and cardiometabolic risk markers (N = 242). Frequent self-reported nighttime smartphone use was associated with 51% higher odds (95% CI: 1.32; 1.70) of overweight compared with no use. Tracked nighttime smartphone use was also associated with overweight. Similar results were found for obesity as an outcome. No consistent associations were found between nighttime smartphone use and cardiometabolic risk markers in a small subsample of healthy young women. Poor sleep quality (vs. good sleep quality) was associated with overweight (OR = 1.19, 85% CI: 1.10; 1.28). Overall, frequent nighttime smartphone use was consistently associated with overweight and a higher BMI across diverse population samples. The bidirectional interplay between nighttime smartphone use, sleep, and overweight may create a vicious circle of metabolic dysfunction over time. Therefore, nighttime smartphone use may be a potential target point for public health interventions to reduce overweight at the population level.
The control group will receive "treatment as usual". The "treatment as usual" or control group refers to the standard of care that patients receive for their chronic pain. This standard of care allows patients to discuss chronic pain with their providers at their discretion. Although highly variable, providers can recommend and prescribe pharmacologic (e.g., opioid and other pain medication), non-pharmacologic (e.g., physical therapy, referral to psychology) approaches for pain. This study will not interfere in any way with usual care. No additional treatment will be provided to participants allocated to the control group. The participants will complete an outcome assessment within 30 days of the last group session.
Patients who underwent bladder MRI were retrospectively collected at three centers between January 2013 and September 2023. The investigators first constructed a nnUNet to segment causal region where muscle-invasive bladder cancer may occur. Subsequently, the investigators explored a causal network based on a modified ResNet3d-18 by striking a fine balance between nnUNet awareness and a self-supervised learning (SSL) model, which steered model to emulate diagnostic acumen of expert in staging muscle-invasive bladder cancer at MRI. Model was trained in center 1, and independently tested in center 1, center 2 and center 3. Ablation test was performed among all 13 Ablation-Test models using either single or multi-parametric MRI. Benefit was tested in six radiologists using vesical imaging-reporting and data system (VI-RADS) versus network-adjusted VI-RADS.
Better understanding of molecular changes leading to neoplastic transformation is prerequisite to optimize risk assessment and chemopreventive and surveillance strategies. Data on macrophage inflammatory proteins (MIPs) in colorectal carcinogenesis are scanty and their clinical relevance remains unknown. Therefore, transcript and protein expression of CCL3, CCL4, CXCL2, and CCL19 were determined in 173 and 62 patients, respectively, using RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry with reference to polyps' characteristics. The likelihood of malignancy was modeled using probit regression. With the increasing malignancy potential of hyperplastic-tubular-tubulo-villous-villous polyps, the expression of CCL3, CCL4, and CCL19 in lesions decreased. CCL19 expression decreased also in normal mucosa while that of CXCL2 increased. Likewise, lesion CCL3 and lesion and normal mucosa CCL19 decreased and normal CXCL2 increased along the hyperplasia-low-high dysplasia grade. The bigger the lesion, the lower CCL3 and higher CXCL2 in normal mucosa. Singular polyps had higher CCL3, CCL4, and CCL19 levels in normal mucosa. CCL3, CCL4 and CXCL2 modulated the likelihood of malignancy associated with traditional risk factors. There was no correlation between the protein and mRNA expression of CCL3 and CCL19. In summary, the polyp-adjacent mucosa contributes to gaining potential for malignancy by polyps. MIPs may help in specifying cancerization probability estimated based on standard risk factors.
The investigational devices are approved intraocular lenses (IOLs) intended to be implanted after phacoemulsification in individuals suffering from age-related cataract with the need of cataract surgery. In Arm three (III) participants will receive a monofocal IOL (Vivinex XY1)vs. an enhanced monofocal IOL (Vivinex Impress).
The invention discloses an application of nano-selenium as an iodine-125 particle radiotherapy sensitizing agent. PEG is used for dissolving simple substance selenium for preparing nano-selenium. The nano-selenium also comprises nano-selenium modified by polysaccharide and chitosan as well as tumor targeting nano-selenium (SeNPs) modified by folic acid and transferrin. SeNPs has a stimuli-response characteristic to iodine-125, and a synergism is formed by the SeNPs and gamma-ray produced by iodine-125; the SeNPs has a high-efficiency inhibition effect for MCF-7 breast cancer cells according to in vitro cell experiments and mouse in vivo experiments, and can obviously inhibit propagation of human cervical carcinoma cell Hela, melanoma cell A375, breast cancer cell MCF-7 and glioma cell C6 and a plurality of cells. The mechanism is mainly as follows: accumulation of active oxygen in the cells is enhanced, which induces cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. The result prompts that SeNPs can be used as a novel radiotherapy sensitizing agent for development.
Participants randomized to usual care first started the usual care arm (UC) managing their diabetes with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (pump therapy) for approximately 5 days. All subjects wore a Dexcom G5 continuous glucose monitor (CGM). If randomized to the usual care arm first, subjects crossed over to the bionic pancreas arm following a 2-day washout period.
Esmolol hydrochloride is a beta adrenergic receptor blocker with a very short duration of action (elimination half-life is approximately 9 minutes). Esmolol Hydrochloride is: 

  * (±)-Methyl p-[2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino) propoxy] hydrocinnamate hydrochloride and has the following structure:

  * Esmolol hydrochloride has the empirical formula C16H26NO4Cl and a molecular weight of 331.8. It has one asymmetric center and exists as an enantiomeric pair. 
  * Esmolol hydrochloride is a white to off-white crystalline powder. It is a relatively hydrophilic compound which is very soluble in water and freely soluble in alcohol. Its partition coefficient (octanol/water) at pH 7.0 is 0.42 compared to 17.0 for propranolol.
Fatigue is a major cause of disability in MS and is associated with a reduced quality of life. Treatment options for MS fatigue include central nervous system stimulants and amantadine. These medications are of limited efficacy, are often poorly tolerated, and can be expensive. Ginseng may represent a novel approach to treating MS fatigue. Ginseng has been tested in clinical trials for its ability to improve mental alertness and fatigue. However, there have been no published clinical trials addressing the effects of ginseng in subjects with MS, even though many people with MS use ginseng and report deriving benefit from it.

This double-blinded, placebo controlled crossover pilot study will determine the safety and tolerability of ginseng in subjects with MS and will gather preliminary data on the efficacy of ginseng vs. placebo for the treatment of MS fatigue. Additionally, the project will collect information on the impact of ginseng on cognition, stress, actigraphy, salivary cortisol, differential cytokine response, and quality of life.
* Stop Tri-Lo-Marzia if an arterial thrombotic event or venous thrombotic (VTE) event occurs.
  * Stop Tri-Lo-Marzia if there is unexplained loss of vision, proptosis, diplopia, papilledema, or retinal vascular lesions. Evaluate for retinal vein thrombosis immediately [see ADVERSE REACTIONS ( 6.2)]. 
  * If feasible, stop Tri-Lo-Marzia at least 4 weeks before and through 2 weeks after major surgery or other surgeries known to have an elevated risk of VTE as well as during and following prolonged immobilization.
  * Start Tri-Lo-Marzia no earlier than 4 weeks after delivery, in women who are not breastfeeding. The risk of postpartum VTE decreases after the third postpartum week, whereas the risk of ovulation increases after the third postpartum week.
  * The use of COCs increases the risk of VTE. However, pregnancy increases the risk of VTE as much or more than the use of COCs. The risk of VTE in women using COCs is 3 to 9 cases per 10,000 woman-years. The risk of VTE is highest during the first year of use of COCs and when restarting hormonal contraception after a break of 4 weeks or longer. The risk of thromboembolic disease due to COCs gradually disappears after use is discontinued.
  * Use of COCs also increases the risk of arterial thromboses such as strokes and myocardial infarctions, especially in women with other risk factors for these events. COCs have been shown to increase both the relative and attributable risks of cerebrovascular events (thrombotic and hemorrhagic strokes). This risk increases with age, particularly in women over 35 years of age who smoke.
  * Use COCs with caution in women with cardiovascular disease risk factors.
PURPOSE:To obtain an inexpensive simply producible and stably suppliable eliminator for active oxygen, safe for human bodies and excellent in eliminating effects on the active oxygen causing various disorders. CONSTITUTION:The objective eliminator for active oxygen is obtained by directly using a substance prepared by extracting rice with water (including extraction with an acid or an alkali) or an organic solvent such as an alcohol and further subjecting the resultant extract to alcoholic fermentation or including the resultant substance as an active ingredient. This eliminator has the effects and further effects as an antiulcer agent, a skin improver, a preservative, etc., and is usable in a wide field of medicines, cosmetics, foods, etc. Furthermore, when the rice is extracted with water, the gelatinizing phenomenon causes the most serious problem. In order to prevent the phenomenon, amylase etc., are made to react or the rice is acidified with hydrochloric acid, etc., to cleave the starch. The extraction is facilitated by this treatment.
The family caregivers in the control group will receive 6 week education programme on dementia. It is a control for the social effects of the MBDCP. In the 1st, 2nd and 6th session, it is delivered through face to face, while in the 3rd, 4th and 5th sessions, it will be delivered via online approach.
Resident general practitioner, pediatrician, internist or gynecologist with at least one medical patient contact within the last 12 months. No intervention.
BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects up to one-third of breast cancer (BC) patients. Patients with co-existing BC and DM (BC-DM) have worsened BC prognosis. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms orchestrating BC-DM prognosis remain poorly understood. tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) have been shown to regulate cancer progression. However, the biological role of tRFs in BC-DM has not been explored.
METHODS: tRF levels in tumor tissues and cells were detected by tRF sequencing and qRT-PCR. The effects of tRF on BC cell malignancy were assessed under euglycemic and hyperglycemic conditions in vitro. Metabolic changes were assessed by lactate, pyruvate, and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) assays. Diabetic animal model was used to evaluate the impacts of tRF on BC tumor growth. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), qRT-PCR, Western blot, polysome profiling, luciferase reporter assay, and rescue experiments were performed to explore the regulatory mechanisms of tRF in BC-DM.
RESULTS: We identified that tRF-Cys-GCA-029 was downregulated in BC-DM tissues and under hyperglycemia conditions in BC cells. Functionally, downregulation of tRF-Cys-GCA-029 promoted BC cell proliferation and migration in a glucose level-dependent manner. tRF-Cys-GCA-029 knockdown also enhanced glycolysis metabolism in BC cells, indicated by increasing lactate/pyruvate production and ECAR levels. Notably, injection of tRF-Cys-GCA-029 mimic significantly suppressed BC tumor growth in diabetic-mice. Mechanistically, tRF-Cys-GCA-029 regulated BC cell malignancy and glycolysis via interacting with PRKCG in two ways: binding to the coding sequence (CDS) of PRKCG mRNA to regulate its transcription and altering polysomal PRKCG mRNA expression to modify its translation.
CONCLUSIONS: Hyperglycemia-downregulated tRF-Cys-GCA-029 enhances the malignancy and glycolysis of BC cells. tRF-Cys-GCA-029-PRKCG-glycolysis axis may be a potential therapeutic target against BC-DM.
This group will participate in combination (aerobic+resistance) exercise intervention 3 times per week from enrollment to delivery. The combination (CT) group will alternate between resistance and aerobic exercises. Participants will perform 4.5 minute bouts of aerobic exercise and perform four resistance exercises of 12-15 repetition that vary between aerobic bouts\[17-19\]. The aerobic exercise bouts will be performed on the aerobic machine of the participant's choosing as described above. The resistance routine will follow similar guidelines as the resistance group.
The purpose of this study was to reveal the effects of CTM on pain severity, fatigue, sleep quality, general health status, systemic symptoms, anxiety and depression in women with primary dysmenorrhoea and to determine the effect of treatment time on recovery in a longterm period. Our primary outcome was intensity of menstrual pain. Secondary outcomes were intensity of sleep disturbance, fatigue, depression and anxiety status, general health and premenstrual symptoms. The participants included to this study were randomised into two groups with simple randomisation method. CTM was performed to participants in both groups included the basic region (Sacral and lumbar), lower thoracic (between T12-T7) and anterior pelvic regions. In Group 1, starting at the end of the menstrual cycle, CTM was applied for 5 days a week and for 1 cycle (approximately 3 weeks) until the beginning of the next period. Participants in the Group 2 CTM was started with the completion of menstrual cycle, 5 days a week and until the other menstrual cycles. At the end of the menstrual cycle, it was restarted and a total of 2 cycles were applied until the second menstrual cycle started (approximately 6 weeks). Both short and long strokes were used during manipulation. Each stroke was repeated for three times first on the right and then on the left side of all manipulated regions. All sessions were ended with bilateral long strokes to the iliac crest and subcostal regions. The treatment was started from the basic region and proceeded to other regions according to the vascular reaction of the connective tissue. Each session lasted 5 to 20 minutes, depending on the size of the treated region. During manipulation, the pad of the middle finger was in contact with the patient's skin. The finger was placed on the skin at 45° angle with distal interphalangeal joint in flexion and moved to cause traction. During back treatment, the participant was asked to sit erect, with hips, knees, and ankles at 90° flexion and thighs and feet are fully supported. During the treatment of anterior pelvic region, the patient was in a supine position with pillows placed under the head and knees. Treatment was performed by a trained physiotherapist. The participants' intensity of pain, fatigue and sleep quality were assessed with Visual Analogue Scale. Depressive symptoms and anxiety status, general health and premenstrual symptoms were assessed with Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, General Health Questionnaire and Premenstrual Syndrome Scale, respectively. All measurements were repeated 5 times; baseline, after the first menstruation following the intervention period, 3th, 6th and 12th months after treatment.
Autoimmune encephalitis is a diagnostic challenge, and requires early diagnosis for improved neurological outcomes. FDG PET has shown very high sensitivity, suggesting better performances than MRI, but almost exclusively in small sized retrospective studies. Brain FDG PET is therefore not included in current diagnostic criteria, conversely to brain MRI. This study will include 56 patients with confirmed - seropositive or seronegative - autoimmune encephalitis, based on 2016 Graus criteria for autoimmune encephalitis and 2021 criteria for paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. The main objective is to conduct a prospective evaluation of the diagnostic value of FDG PET performed in the acute phase before treatment initiation, or within 10 days of treatment initiation. A follow-up PET performed 3 months after treatment initiation will also be performed and analysed for all patients as part of secondary objective analyses.
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is preferred therapy for elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) and increasingly used in younger patient populations with good safety and efficacy outcomes. However, cardiac conduction abnormalities remain a frequent complication after TAVR ranging from relative benign interventriculair conduction delays to prognostically relevant left bundle branch block and complete atrio-ventricular (AV) block requiring permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI). Although clinical, procedural and electrocardiographic factors have been identified as predictors of this complication, there is a need for advanced strategies to control the burden of conduction defects particularly as TAVR shifts towards younger populations. This state of the art review highlights the value of ECG-synchronized computed tomographic angiography (CTA) evaluation of the aortic root to better understand and manage conduction problems post-TAVR. An update on CTA derived anatomic features related to conduction issues is provided and complemented with computational framework modelling. This CTA-derived 3-dimensional anatomical reconstruction tool generates patient-specific TAVR simulations enabling operators to adapt procedural strategy and implantation technique to mitigate conduction abnormality risks.