anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disorder affecting low birthweight, preterm neonates. In the preterm eye, the retina is not fully developed and neovascularization may occur at the margin between the developed vascular retina and undeveloped avascular retina. Without timely treatment by laser or intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy, this can lead to tractional retinal detachment and blindness. Visualization of the retina in regular examinations by indirect ophthalmoscopy is hence the current standard of care, but the exams are stressful and interpretation of images is subjective. The upregulation of VEGF in ROP would suggest an increase in ocular blood flow. In this report, we evaluate the potential of ultrafast plane-wave Doppler ultrasound (PWU) to detect increased flow velocities in the orbital vessels supplying the eye in a gentle exam with objective findings. We imaged both eyes of 50 low-birthweight preterm neonates using 18 MHz PWU. Flow velocity in the central retinal artery (CRA) and vein (CRV), and the short posterior ciliary arteries were determined and values at each ROP Stage compared. We found significantly increased velocities in the CRA and CRV in Stage 3 ROP eyes, where intervention would be considered. We compared multivariate models for identifying Stage 3 eyes comprised solely of clinical factors, solely of Doppler parameters, and clinical plus Doppler parameters. The respective models provided areas under their respective ROC curves of 0.760, 0.812, and 0.904. PWU Doppler represents a gentle, objective means for identifying neonates at risk for ROP that could complement ophthalmoscopy.
BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related disease that can cause a range of adverse health outcomes in older adults, and older adults with severe sarcopenia are also at increased short-term mortality risk. The aim of this study was to construct and validate a risk prediction model for sarcopenia in Chinese older adults.
METHODS: This study used data from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a high-quality micro-level data representative of households and individuals aged 45 years and older adults in China. The study analyzed 65 indicators, including sociodemographic indicators, health-related indicators, and biochemical indicators.
RESULTS: 3454 older adults enrolled in the CHARLS database in 2015 were included in the final analysis. A total of 997 (28.8%) had phenotypes of sarcopenia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sex, Body Mass Index (BMI), Mean Systolic Blood Pressure (MSBP), Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure (MDBP) and pain were predictive factors for sarcopenia in older adults. These factors were used to construct a nomogram model, which showed good consistency and accuracy. The AUC value of the prediction model in the training set was 0.77 (95% CI = 0.75-0.79); the AUC value in the validation set was 0.76 (95% CI = 0.73-0.79). Hosmer-Lemeshow test values were P = 0.5041 and P = 0.2668 (both P > 0.05). Calibration curves showed significant agreement between the nomogram model and actual observations. ROC and DCA showed that the nomograms had good predictive properties.
CONCLUSIONS: The constructed sarcopenia risk prediction model, incorporating factors such as sex, BMI, MSBP, MDBP, and pain, demonstrates promising predictive capabilities. This model offers valuable insights for clinical practitioners, aiding in early screening and targeted interventions for sarcopenia in Chinese older adults.
Ensifentrine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof, for use in treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a subject. Ensifentrine may be used to alleviate or ameliorate the respiratory symptoms of COVID-19. Ensifentrine may increase forced expiratory volume in 1 second in the subject. Ensifentrine may be administered by inhalation, particularly via the use of a nebuliser or a pressurised meter dose inhaler. Ensifentrine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof, for use in reducing shortness of breath in a subject with COVID-19 is also disclosed. Methods of treating COVID-19 using ensifentrine and use of ensifentrine in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of COVID-19 are also disclosed. A composition comprising ensifentrine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof, and a second active agent selected from antiviral agents of anti-malarial agents is disclosed. An antiviral agent of anti-malarial agent in the treatment for use in the treatment of COVID-19 in a subject in combination with ensifentrine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof is also disclosed.
Pomegranate is a notable source of nutrients, containing a considerable proportion of organic acids, polysaccharides, vitamins, fatty acids, and polyphenols such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and tannins. It is also rich in nutritionally important minerals and chemical elements such as K, P, Na, Ca, Mg, and N. The presence of several bioactive compounds and metabolites in pomegranate has led to its incorporation into the functional food category, where it is used for its numerous therapeutic properties. Pomegranate's bioactive compounds have shown antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Aging is a process characterized by the chronic accumulation of damages, progressively compromising cells, tissues, and organs over time. Inflammaging is a chronic, subclinical, low-grade inflammation that occurs during the aging process and is linked to many age-related diseases. This review aims to summarize and discuss the evidence of the benefits of pomegranate extract and its compounds to slow the aging processes by intervening in the mechanisms underlying inflammaging. These studies mainly concern neurodegenerative and skin diseases, while studies in other fields of application need to be more practical. Furthermore, no human studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammaging effects of pomegranate. In the future, supplementation with pomegranate extracts, polyphenols, or urolithins could represent a valuable low-risk complementary therapy for patients with difficult-to-manage diseases, as well as a valid therapeutic alternative for the topical or systemic treatment of skin pathologies.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In the past year, the endotype of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has been studied from a new perspective. Eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation are not independent processes in the pathogenesis of CRS. In this review, we will focus on recent research on mixed eosinophilic-neutrophilic inflammation in CRS and discuss the mechanism and potential treatments.
RECENT FINDINGS: Traditionally, patients with eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) present with severe clinical manifestations, comorbidities, and a higher recurrence rate. Recent studies have found that approximately 40% of patients with ECRS present with neutrophilic infiltration, while patients with predominantly eosinophilic infiltration along with neutrophilic inflammation present with more complex inflammation, clinical manifestations and exhibit refractory characteristics.
SUMMARY: The complex inflammatory profile and refractory clinical characteristics of mixed eosinophilic-neutrophilic inflammation in CRS are current challenges for clinicians. We summarize the features of eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation and current studies on the mechanisms of mixed eosinophilic-neutrophilic inflammation and suggest potentially effective therapeutic methods. We hope that this review will help with determining precise treatment options for patients.
Patients receive Hsp90 inhibitor AUY922 IV over 1 hour once weekly and oral erlotinib hydrochloride once daily. Courses repeat every 4 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a composition of skin preparation for external use usable for human having sensitive skin by including sulfate group-having mucopolysaccharides and a polyglycerol. SOLUTION: This skin preparation for external use is obtained by including (A) mucopolysaccharides having a sulfate group [e.g. a heparin analogue (the general term of multisulfatized mucopolysaccharides such as chondroitin multisulfates) or the like] and (B) a polyglycerol (e.g. diglycerol, triglycerol, tetraglycerol, decaglycerol or the like) and/or esters thereof (an acyl compound) (e.g. diglycerol monoolate, triglycerol diolate, decaglycerol tetraolate or the like). The above mentioned composition preferably includes 0.001-10 wt.% component A and 0.1-10 wt.% component B. As the component A, a polyglycerol obtained by polymerization of glycidol in the presence of an acidic catalyst or an alkali catalyst, that is, ether linkage of both α-hydroxyl groups each other.
Patients who are discharged home from the hospital and meet criteria for possible CA-HRE will be recruited. These index participants will be interviewed to determine the epidemiologic network, and will be mailed a monthly BioWipe kit to screen for ongoing HRE intestinal carriage. Contacts of the index participant will also be approached and mailed a BioWipe kit to screen for the presence of HRE and/or carbapenemase gene(s) that were present in the index patient. If this initial sample is negative, the contact is not further interviewed or tested. If the initial screening is positive for the carbapenemase gene of interest, then the contact will be asked to answer the same questions as the index patient and will receive a monthly BioWipe kit. For each positive contact, a second-generation network of contacts will be constructed, who in turn will be approached for screening.

An additional subset of participants, those with CDC-defined HRE isolated during hospitalization who are not discharged home will also be included. All HRE isolates that are isolated from the patient as part of routine clinical care will be sub-cultured and shipped to the central research laboratory. A limited data set will be collected.
BACKGROUND: Hyperuricemia is independently associated with a poor prognosis in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Furthermore, MI induces activation of the repair response in local fibroblasts, resulting in extracellular matrix accumulation that generates a stable fibrotic scar in the infarcted area. However, researchers have not determined whether hyperuricemia affects fibroblast activation and its involvement in postinfarction cardiac remodeling.
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to trigger hyperuricemia by administering potassium oxonate in a mouse model of MI to evaluate the role of hyperuricemia in MI pathogenesis.
METHODS: Microarray datasets and single-cell sequencing data from gout patients, heart failure patients, and model mice were used to identify the underlying mechanisms responsible for the effect of hyperuricemia on MI progression. A hyperuricemia-related MI mouse model was established. Cardiac function was assessed, followed by sample collection and a uric acid assay. We conducted an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, histological detection, immunofluorescence, sequencing data processing, single-cell RNA-seq, and functional enrichment analysis. We then isolated and cultured cardiac fibroblasts and performed Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and shRNA-mediated lumican knockdown assays.
RESULTS: Hyperuricemia decreased cardiac function, increased mortality, and aggravated adverse fibrosis remodeling in mice after MI. These outcomes were closely related to reduced levels of fibroblast-derived lumican. This reduction activated the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway to induce aberrant myofibroblast activation and extracellular matrix deposition in the infarcted area. Furthermore, lumican supplementation or uric acid-lowering therapy with allopurinol alleviated hyperuricemia-mediated abnormal cardiac remodeling.
CONCLUSION: Hyperuricemia aggravates postinfarction cardiac remodeling by reducing lumican expression and promoting fibroblast phenotype transition. We highlight the clinical importance of lowering uric acid levels in hyperuricemia-related MI to prevent adverse ventricular remodeling.
Study Hypothesis: We intend to determine if a single shot trial (SST) of intrathecal (IT) ziconotide will temporarily reduce pain in these patients. In the proposed study, patients will receive two injections, one of which is the ziconotide and one which is a placebo. They will be blinded and not know which order they receive the treatment versus placebo. The results of this clinical trial will provide a focused examination of ziconotide efficacy and safety in patients with painful neuropathies or myelopathies that have not been effectively treated with other pain medications. Moreover, the use of a single shot trial (SST) IT injection in the outpatient setting will provide evidence for application of this technique in outpatient neurological clinical practice, thereby improving access to this specific patient population. Ziconotide is currently FDA approved for this indication and route of administration. Therefore, a study design that improves the feasibility of ziconotide trialing specifically in the neurology clinic (that is, single shot administration) is being used in order to ensure its broader use by neurologists who routinely care for neuropathy and myelopathy patients. Information from this study will also inform future studies of predictors for long term efficacy after pump placement.
With the incidence rate of twin pregnancy increasing, the incidence of intrauterine death of twin pregnancies is also rising, which has great impact on the morbidity and mortality of the other fetus, and increases the mortality of fetal survival, premature birth, brain damage and long-term sequela. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the central nervous system of the surviving fetus of twin pregnancy and intrauterine death. When the surviving fetus is complicated with nervous system abnormalities, conventional MRI can generally make a diagnosis. However, some of the surviving fetuses may not find other structural or echo abnormalities on B-mode ultrasonography, and even these fetuses do not find structural or signal abnormalities on routine MRI examination. Whether the surviving fetuses may have brain abnormalities cannot be detected early by the above methods. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) can reflect the microstructure and pathological changes of tissue, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can quantitatively evaluate the fine structure of white matter in brain.

The present study is to use conventional sequence and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI, DTI) to analyze the brain of monochorionic twin pregnancies with demise of one fetus, which aims to find the potential brain abnormalities early and provide some guidance for the clinical diagnosis and treatment in the next step.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cosmetic forming emulsion excellent in thermal stability and aging stability to an interface composed of the subjects to be emulsified and water, giving a good sense of use, and to provide a method for producing the same.  <P>SOLUTION: The cosmetic comprising a higher alcohol, an oil component and a polysaccharide in an emulsified state and the method for producing the same are provided. The cosmetic comprises two or more kind of the higher alcohols with different melting points and the cosmetic contains 1-20 wt.%. of the higher alcohols per total cosmetic. The cosmetic comprises 1-20 wt.%. of the oil components per total cosmetic. The cosmetic comprises 0.01-1 wt.%. based on the total cosmetic of the polysaccharides comprising at least one of fucose, glucose, glucuronic acid, rhamnose as a constituting monosaccharide and containing a fucose and/or rhamnose in a side chain.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
A consumer product composition comprises a non-porous dissolvable solid structure comprising from about 30% to about 95%, by weight of the consumer product composition, of a carrier material, and from about 5% to about 50%, by weight of the consumer product composition, of a hydrophobic conditioning agent disposed within the carrier material of the non-porous dissolvable solid structure. The carrier material comprises a polyethylene glycol material, or mixtures thereof, having a molecular weight of from about 200 to about 50,000. The hydrophobic conditioning agent is selected from the group consisting of silicone materials, organic conditioning oils, hydrocarbon oils, fatty esters, metathesized unsaturated polyol esters, silane-modified oils, and mixtures thereof. Preferred products are shampoos, hair conditioners, laundry detergents and fabric softeners. Preferably the conditioning agent comprises a silicone or polyisobutene. The conditioning agent is preferably disposed in the carrier as particles having a mean particle size of 2 to 2000 microns. A method of treating a surface comprises dissolving the consumer product composition in an aqueous solution to form an aqueous treatment liquor and contacting the surface with the liquor.
Quality of life (QOL) outcomes are important to all stakeholders in liver transplantation. For patients with end-stage liver disease, QOL is significantly compromised and more data about QOL allows them to make an informed risk-benefit analysis in deciding whether to pursue transplantation. The long-term goal of this research program is to better understand how QOL can be enhanced, to identify the mechanisms underlying QOL changes, to identify which patients benefit most from QOL intervention, and to determine whether QOL benefits can extend beyond transplantation. The objective of this research is to determine the effectiveness, feasibility and applicability of Quality of Life Therapy (QOLT) in treating adults with hepatitis C virus and cirrhosis awaiting liver transplantation. In a recent small, single-center clinical trial, we demonstrated that QOLT can improve QOL, psychological functioning, and social intimacy in patients awaiting lung transplantation. We now seek to examine whether this intervention can be effectively adapted and implemented with adults with hepatitis C virus and cirrhosis awaiting liver transplantation. The central hypothesis is that by targeting improvements in specific life domains, QOLT yields significant clinical benefits in QOL, psychological functioning, and the patient-caregiver relationship. This hypothesis is being tested by pursuing three specific aims: 1) Determine the effectiveness of QOLT; 2) Examine the differential effectiveness of QOLT by race (White, African American); and 3) Assess the feasibility of a multisite R01 application. Under the first aim, adults with hepatitis C virus and cirrhosis awaiting liver transplantation are being randomized to receive QOLT, Supportive Therapy (ST), or Standard Care (SC). Primary outcomes are changes in QOL, psychological functioning, and social intimacy at 1 and 12 weeks post-treatment. Under the second aim, the relationship between race and intervention outcomes will be closely examined. Under the third aim, attrition rates, reasons for attrition, therapist adherence to treatment protocols, and participant satisfaction ratings are being gathered to assess the need for protocol changes prior to developing a larger, multisite clinical trial R01 application. This study is innovative because it is among the first to evaluate a theoretically-driven psychological intervention to specifically improve QOL in the context of hepatitis C virus and cirrhosis and liver transplantation. The research is significant because it is expected to advance and expand understanding of how QOL can be improved in patients with hepatitis C virus and cirrhosis.
BACKGROUND: Intestinal duplication cyst is an infrequent congenital malformation that can involve all the segments of the gastrointestinal tract. The cases of intestinal duplication cyst involving the colon, appendix, and ileum in children are particularly uncommon. The symptoms of abdominal pain are similar to other acute abdominal diseases in children, such as appendicitis, intussusception, and intestinal obstruction, so sometimes its diagnosis is challenging and leads to misdiagnosis.
CASE PRESENTATION: We report a 4-year-old Asian boy who presented to the pediatric emergency department with abdominal pain and vomiting but no fever, peritonitis, or mass. No abdominal abnormality was found via radiology and ultrasonography. After 2 days' anti-inflammatory therapy, the patient was discharged with pain relief. A total of 9 months later, he was readmitted to the pediatric emergency department for the same complaint as the first admission. Abdominal physical examination and ultrasound examination were still negative. Barium examination found a large mass in the colon. Colonoscopy was performed before operation to confirm the rare co-cavity intestinal duplication cyst involving the colon, appendix, and ileum. After resection of intestinal duplication and ileocolonic anastomosis, the patient's abdominal pain and vomiting has not recurred for 5 years postoperatively.
CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of intestinal duplication cyst in children is difficult, especially the rare co-cavity and long segmental intestinal duplication, which is easily misdiagnosed. Colonoscopy may be an effective auxiliary diagnostic method, especially for diseases that are difficult to diagnosed clinically, such as recurrent abdominal pain.
A method of interrupting the expression of a macromolecular synthesis operon in bacteria comprising the step of binding an antisense oligonucleotide to a single stranded DNA or to a mRNA transcribed from the macromolecular synthesis operon. The antisense oligonucleotide can be either sequence specific to a unique intergenic sequence or a sequence specific to a bacterial homologous sequence. By interrupting the expression of the macromolecular synthesis operon bacterial infections can be treated. Examples of antisense oligonucleotides are 5'CATCCAAGCAGTGGTAAAACTGTTT 3', 5'TCACCGATCGGCGTTTCCA 3', 5'GGCCCCGATTTTAGCAA 3', 5'CTTGCGTAAGCGCCGGGGG 3', and 5'TATTCGATGCTTTAGTGC 3'. The ability of the antisense oligonucleotide to bind the mRNA or single stranded DNA also allows the identification of the bacteria by using a unique intergenic antisense oligonucleotide to bind to the single stranded DNA or to the mRNA transcribed form the macromolecular synthesis operon. A method for competitively inhibiting the protein products of the MMS operon with oligonucleotides is also disclosed.
Previous studies have suggested that the effects of androgens on body weight (BW) and appetite are affected by the estrogen milieu in females; however, the mechanism underlying these effects remains unclear. We hypothesized that androgens may affect endogenous oxytocin (OT), which is a hypothalamic anorectic factor, and that these effects of androgens may be altered by the estrogen milieu in females. To investigate this hypothesis, in the present study, we examined the effects of testosterone on peripheral and central OT levels in ovariectomized female rats that did or did not receive estradiol supplementation. Ovariectomized female rats were randomly divided into non-estradiol-supplemented or estradiol-supplemented groups, and half of the rats in each group were concurrently supplemented with testosterone (i.e., rats were divided into four groups, n = 7 per each group). We also measured peripheral and central OT receptor (OTR) gene expression levels. As a result, we found that testosterone increased serum and hypothalamic OT levels and OT receptor mRNA levels in non-estradiol-supplemented rats, whereas it had no effects on these factors in estradiol-supplemented rats. In addition, testosterone reduced food intake, BW gain, and fat weight in non-estradiol-supplemented rats, whereas it did not have any effects on BW, appetite, or fat weight in estradiol-supplemented rats. These findings indicate that the effects of androgens on OT may be affected by the estrogen milieu, and elevated OT levels may be related to the blunting of appetite and prevention of obesity under estrogen-deficient conditions.