anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Multivariate techniques better fit the anatomy of complex neuropsychiatric disorders which are characterized not by alterations in a single region, but rather by variations across distributed brain networks. Here, we used principal component analysis (PCA) to identify patterns of covariance across brain regions and relate them to clinical and demographic variables in a large generalizable dataset of individuals with bipolar disorders and controls. We then compared performance of PCA and clustering on identical sample to identify which methodology was better in capturing links between brain and clinical measures. Using data from the ENIGMA-BD working group, we investigated T1-weighted structural MRI data from 2436 participants with BD and healthy controls, and applied PCA to cortical thickness and surface area measures. We then studied the association of principal components with clinical and demographic variables using mixed regression models. We compared the PCA model with our prior clustering analyses of the same data and also tested it in a replication sample of 327 participants with BD or schizophrenia and healthy controls. The first principal component, which indexed a greater cortical thickness across all 68 cortical regions, was negatively associated with BD, BMI, antipsychotic medications, and age and was positively associated with Li treatment. PCA demonstrated superior goodness of fit to clustering when predicting diagnosis and BMI. Moreover, applying the PCA model to the replication sample yielded significant differences in cortical thickness between healthy controls and individuals with BD or schizophrenia. Cortical thickness in the same widespread regional network as determined by PCA was negatively associated with different clinical and demographic variables, including diagnosis, age, BMI, and treatment with antipsychotic medications or lithium. PCA outperformed clustering and provided an easy-to-use and interpret method to study multivariate associations between brain structure and system-level variables. PRACTITIONER POINTS: In this study of 2770 Individuals, we confirmed that cortical thickness in widespread regional networks as determined by principal component analysis (PCA) was negatively associated with relevant clinical and demographic variables, including diagnosis, age, BMI, and treatment with antipsychotic medications or lithium. Significant associations of many different system-level variables with the same brain network suggest a lack of one-to-one mapping of individual clinical and demographic factors to specific patterns of brain changes. PCA outperformed clustering analysis in the same data set when predicting group or BMI, providing a superior method for studying multivariate associations between brain structure and system-level variables.
Oral care included use of an oral gel containing chlorhexidine digluconate 0.12% as an active ingredient (chlorhexidine digluconate 0.12%; methylcellulose gel 2.12%, 25 g; gooseberry syrup, 4 drops; menthol solution 50%,3 drops; and distilled water, to 30 g).The gel is applied on a toothbrush, and the teeth are cleaned in quadrants; all teeth surfaces are cleaned (vestibular,lingual, occlusal, and incisal). After each quadrant was cleaned, 10 mL of water (dispensed via a syringe) is used to rinse the quadrant and continual aspiration is used to remove all the gel and debris. After all the teeth are cleaned, the ventral surface of the tongue is brushed with posteriorto- anterior movements.
Finasteride, a synthetic 4-azasteroid compound, is a specific inhibitor of steroid Type II 5α-reductase, an intracellular enzyme that converts the androgen testosterone into 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT).

Finasteride is 4-azaandrost-1-ene-17-carboxamide, N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-oxo-,(5α,17ß)-. The empirical formula of finasteride is C23H36N2O2 and its molecular weight is 372.55. Its structural formula is:

Finasteride is a white crystalline powder with a melting point near 250°C. It is freely soluble in chloroform and in lower alcohol solvents, but is practically insoluble in water.

Finasteride tablets USP for oral administration are film-coated tablets that contain 5 mg of finasteride and the following inactive ingredients: lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinized starch (maize), sodium starch glycolate, hypromellose, titanium dioxide, magnesium stearate, lauryl macrogolglycerides, FD&C Blue # 2 aluminum lake and polyethylene glycol.
NIVESTYM prefilled syringe with BD UltraSafe Plus™ Passive Needle Guard may not accurately measure volumes less than 0.3 mL due to the needle spring mechanism design. Therefore, the direct administration of a volume less than 0.3 mL using NIVESTYM prefilled syringe is not recommended due to the potential for dosing errors. For direct administration of doses less than 0.3 mL (180 mcg) use NIVESTYM single-dose vial.

In patients with cancer receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy‚ 15 pediatric patients median age 2.6 (range 1.2 to 9.4) years with neuroblastoma were treated with myelosuppressive chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide‚ cisplatin‚ doxorubicin‚ and etoposide) followed by subcutaneous filgrastim at doses of 5, 10, or 15 mcg/kg/day for 10 days (n = 5/dose) (Study 8). The pharmacokinetics of filgrastim in pediatric patients after chemotherapy were similar to those in adults receiving the same weight-normalized doses, suggesting no age-related differences in the pharmacokinetics of filgrastim. In this population‚ filgrastim was well-tolerated. There was one report of palpable splenomegaly and one report of hepatosplenomegaly associated with filgrastim therapy; however‚ the only consistently reported adverse event was musculoskeletal pain‚ which is no different from the experience in the adult population.

The safety and effectiveness of NIVESTYM have been established in pediatric patients with SCN [see Clinical Studies (14.5)]. Use of NIVESTYM for this indication is supported by NIVESTYM’s approval as a biosimilar to filgrastim and evidence from a phase 3 study (Study 7) to assess the safety and efficacy of filgrastim in the treatment of SCN where 123 patients with a median age of 12 years (range 7 months to 76 years) were studied. Of the 123 patients, 12 were infants (7 months to 2 years of age), 49 were children (2 to 12 years of age), and 9 were adolescents (12 to 16 years of age). Additional information is available from a SCN postmarketing surveillance study, which includes long-term follow-up of patients in the clinical studies and information from additional patients who entered directly into the postmarketing surveillance study. Of the 731 patients in the surveillance study, 429 were pediatric patients < 18 years of age (range 0.9 to 17) [see Indications and Usage (1.5), Dosage and Administration (2.5), and Clinical Studies (14.5)].

Long-term follow-up data from the postmarketing surveillance study suggest that height and weight are not adversely affected in patients who received up to 5 years of filgrastim treatment. Limited data from patients who were followed in the phase 3 study for 1.5 years did not suggest alterations in sexual maturation or endocrine function.

Pediatric patients with congenital types of neutropenia (Kostmann's syndrome, congenital agranulocytosis, or Schwachman-Diamond syndrome) have developed cytogenetic abnormalities and have undergone transformation to MDS and AML while receiving chronic filgrastim treatment. The relationship of these events to filgrastim product administration is unknown [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8) and Adverse Reactions (6)].
1311004 Dibenzocycloheptene derivatives SANDOZ Ltd 23 March 1970 [4 April 1969] 13888/70 Heading C2C Novel compounds of Formula I: (in which Z is -CH=CH- or -CH 2 -CH 2 - and R is H or NH 2 ) and their acid addition salts, are prepared (a) by reacting a compound of Formula II: with a compound of formula RNH 2 , or (b) for compounds I in which R is H, by (i) catalytically hydrogenating a compound I in which R is NH 2 , or (ii) subjecting a compound of Formula III: to alkaline hydrolysis. Compounds II are prepared by reacting dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten - 5 - one, or its 10,11- dihydro derivative, with dimethylsulphonium methylide. Pharmaceutical compositions having C.N.S. depressant activity, comprise a compound I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof, together with a pharmaceutical carrier. The compositions may be administered orally. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 1,250,270.
Rationale: Hospital-free days (HFDs), a measure of the number of days alive spent outside the hospital, is increasingly used as an endpoint in studies of patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) or other critical and serious illnesses. Current approaches to measuring HFDs do not account for decrements in functional status or quality of life that ARF survivors and family members value. Objectives: To develop an acceptable approach to measure quality-weighted HFDs using patient-reported outcomes. Methods: We conducted a four-round modified Delphi process among ARF experts: those with lived or professional experience. Experts rated survivorship domains, instrument and data collection characteristics, and methods to translate responses into quality-weighted HFDs. The consensus threshold was that ⩾70% of respondents rated an item "totally acceptable" or "acceptable" and ⩽15% of respondents rated the item "totally unacceptable," "unacceptable," or "slightly unacceptable." Results: Fifty-seven experts participated in round 1. Response rates were 82-93% for subsequent rounds. Priority survivorship domains were physical function and health-related quality of life. Participants reached a consensus that data collection during ARF recovery should take less than 15 minutes per assessment, allow surrogate completion when patients are unable, and continue for at least 24 months of follow-up. Using the EuroQol-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) questionnaire to quality weight HFDs met consensus criteria for acceptability. A majority of panelists preferred quality-weighted HFDs to unweighted HFDs or survival for use in future ARF studies. Conclusions: Quality-weighting HFDs using patient and/or surrogate responses to the EQ-5D captured stakeholder priorities and was acceptable to this Delphi panel.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound shown by the formula (R is 3-18C alkyl). EXAMPLE:3-Palmitate of quercetin. USE:A white cosmetic. Having extremely preventive action of melanin formation, ultraviolet obsorbing action, improved stability and storage properties. Having improved skin obsorption, providing the skin with no stimulus. PROCESS:Quercetin is dissolved in a solvent, e.g., dioxane, to which a chloride of a fatty acid is added in the presence of pyridine to give a compound shown by the formula. Butyric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, palmitic acid, etc. may be cited as the fatty acid.
Food insecurity, characterized by inadequate access to sufficient and nutritious food, poses a significant challenge to the health and well-being of older adults. This systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed to examine the association between food insecurity and body mass index (BMI) in older people, i.e., aging 60 and above. PRISMA 2020 guidelines were followed. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO in advance (ID CRD 42024543271). PubMed/MEDLINE, and Scopus were searched up to February 2024. Out of 5834 retrieved article, a total of 13 studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing diverse geographic regions and socioeconomic contexts. The meta-analysis revealed a significant association between food insecurity and higher BMI (both obesity and overweight) in older adults. Pooled estimates indicated that food-insecure older individuals were more likely to be overweight or obese (combined) compared to their food-secure counterparts [OR= 1.29 (95% CI= 1.28-1.30), p<0.001; I2= 94.92]. Results were also confirmed for overweight or obesity alone. Notably, food insecurity was linked to increased consumption of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods, contributing to higher BMI. These findings underscore the complex relationship between food insecurity and BMI among older adults, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to address food access and nutritional quality.
Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the occurrence and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In recent years, studies have increasingly explored microRNAs as biomarkers and treatment interventions for AD. This study identified a novel microRNA termed miR-25802 from our high-throughput sequencing dataset of an AD model and explored its role and the underlying mechanism. The results confirmed the miRNA properties of miR-25802 based on bioinformatics and experimental verification. Expression of miR-25802 was increased in the plasma of AD patients and in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 and 5 × FAD mice carrying two and five familial AD gene mutations. Functional studies suggested that overexpression or inhibition of miR-25802 respectively aggravated or ameliorated AD-related pathology, including cognitive disability, Aβ deposition, microglial pro-inflammatory phenotype activation, and neuroinflammation, in 5 × FAD mice and homeostatic or LPS/IFN-γ-stimulated EOC20 microglia. Mechanistically, miR-25802 negatively regulates KLF4 by directly binding to KLF4 mRNA, thus stimulating microglia polarization toward the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype by promoting the NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response. The results also showed that inhibition of miR-25802 increased microglial anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype activity and suppressed NF-κB-mediated inflammatory reactions in the brains of 5 × FAD mice, while overexpression of miR-25802 exacerbated microglial pro-inflammatory M1 activity by enhancing NF-κB pathways. Of note, AD-associated manifestations induced by inhibition or overexpression of miR-25802 via the NF-κB signaling pathway were reversed by KLF4 silencing or upregulation. Collectively, these results provide the first evidence that miR-25802 is a regulator of microglial activity and establish the role of miR-25802/KLF4/NF-κB signaling in microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for AD.
Compounds and methods of synthesizing oxysterols are provided. The compounds and methods provided allow the oxysterol to be safely produced at a high yield. The compounds and methods provided can produce the oxysterol in a stereoselective manner. Compounds and methods of synthesizing Oxyl33 are provided for use in promoting osteogenesis, osteoinduction and/or osteoconduction. Methods of synthesizing Oxyl33 having high yields and improved process safety are also provided. Methods for synthesizing Oxyl33 that are stereoselective are also provided.
A marine algae extract is prepd by (I) drying at low temp and under vacuum chopped fresh algae, (ii) macerating with aqs. HCl/H2SO4 with a wt. ratio Cl-/SO2-4 of 7, (iii) ultrasonically treating the suspension and (iv) stabilising the prepn by liberating combined iodine, and opt. (v) neutralising twith an alkali metal salt of a weak acid. The liq. marine algae extract is used in preparing a pharmacological therapeutic or cosmetic compsn which also contains besides suitable emollients and carriers.
The invention discloses an external remedy for dermatosis, belonging to traditional Chinese medicine domain. Its feature lies in that it is composed of 80-120 portions of lycoris radiata, 50-80 portions of borneol, 50-80 portions of menthol, 50-100 portions of camphor, 100-200 portions of southenwood. The ethanol which is 90-95% of the full weight and the acetic acid which is 5-10% of the full weight is equably mixed to obtain ethanol-acetic acid mixed liquor. The lycoris radiata, borneol, menthol, camphor and southenwood are taken according to the above ratio, and then added to the ethanol-acetic acid mixed liquor until the mixed liquor submerges the crude medicines. After closed immersion for 15-20 days and filtrating, the filtrate is just the said external remedy. The invention has features of remarkable therapeutic efficacy, short period of treatment, fast effect, uneasy to recur.
Subjects randomized to the Intervention Arm will receive usual care plus two (2) grams of Vancomycin powder administered topically. In the emergency room prior to surgical intervention, a qualified member of the study team or clinical team member will apply 2 grams of vancomycin powder directly to the open fracture site such that all visible surfaces of the wound are completely and uniformly covered, including bone edges.
A concern about existing psychotherapies is that, while effective in depression, community clinicians find them difficult to implement in older people, particularly those with medical illnesses or disability. As a consequence evidence-based psychotherapies are utilized by a small number of specialized clinicians and offered to small number of select patients.

ENGAGE approaches these problems with a four prong strategy: 1) It developed a brief treatment program consisting of psychotherapeutic components of known efficacy. 2) Among them, ENGAGE selected components most pertinent to older adults. 3) ENGAGE distilled and simplified these components so that they can be accessible to most depressed older patients and taught to large numbers of clinicians. 4) To further simplify and personalize its administration, ENGAGE relies on a stepped approach focusing on engagement in rewarding social and physical activities (a form of behavioral activation), and when needed, adding techniques for management of emotionality (emotional control), negativity bias, and apathy. The self-correcting and least restrictive nature of stepped care approaches has appeal from patient cost/time efficiency and personalized treatment perspective. This project aims to further develop ENGAGE, to study the feasibility of training professionals (master's level social workers) offering care to depressed elderly patients in the community, to obtain preliminary data of its efficacy compared to community-based therapy (CT), and to prepare for an effectiveness (R01) study.
Patients' randomized to this group will receive vibration therapy as a pre-operative rehabilitation programme 3 times a week for 3 months. Regular out-patient department physiotherapy will also be given. They will be assessed 6 weeks and 6 months post operatively.
The extent of percutaneous absorption of topical corticosteroids is determined by many factors including the vehicle and the integrity of the epidermal barrier. Occlusive dressings with hydrocortisone for up to 24 hours have not been demonstrated to increase penetration; however, occlusion of hydrocortisone for 96 hours markedly enhances penetration. Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed from normal intact skin. Inflammation and/or other disease processes in the skin may increase percutaneous absorption.

Human and animal studies indicate that less than 6% of the applied dose of halobetasol propionate enters the circulation within 96 hours following topical administration of the ointment.

Studies performed with Halobetasol Propionate Ointment indicate that it is in the super-high range of potency as compared with other topical corticosteroids.
Ionizing radiation efficiently induces chromosomal aberrations (CA) and several studies of CA have now been conducted among small groups of flight crews. However, most of the studies only evaluated the unstable aberrations that reflect recent exposures, but not long-term cumulative cosmic radiation exposure. Chromosome painting by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a widely used and established cytogenetic method for detecting stable aberrations such as translocations. Thus, FISH can be used for estimating chromosomal damage from cumulative radiation exposure. No large studies of flight crews utilizing FISH have been conducted to date.

In collaboration with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), we proposed a study to measure CA using FISH in a group of pilots estimated to have high comic radiation exposure based on flight histories, i.e., those with long duration flying international routes, and a comparison group of university faculty with minimal flying history. These measurements will be used to determine if pilots have elevated frequencies of CA (specifically stable translocations) as compared with the university faculty. In addition, the frequencies of CA will be examined in relation to the cumulative cosmic radiation dose to determine if there is a dose-response relationship. Individual cumulative doses will be calculated from pilot flight histories using a computer program developed by the FAA which estimates cosmic radiation does by accounting for changes in altitude and latitude, and the 11-year solar cycle at the time of the flight. We will collect information on age, lifestyle factors, diet, health history, family cancer history, and medical radiation exposures from a self-administered study and dietary questionnaire. These factors may affect the CA frequency and so we plan to adjust for them in the statistical analyses.

Pilots were identified based on the Allied Pilots Association roster and faculty from a commercial company that maintains a database of university faculty, including those in the Chicago area. Potential participants will be notified of the study by mail and recruited/screened for eligibility over the telephone. We compensated participants $100 for their time and inconvenience. Two field stations were arranged at the O'Hare UIC medical clinic for pilots and at the UIC Health Services clinic (on campus) for the faculty, where interviews were conducted and a peripheral blood sample collected. Participants will be notified of the overall study results and may request their personal CA results at the end of the study. Participants may also choose to have additional blood drawn, however this blood sample will be anonymized so that it cannot be linked back to the participant. Genotypic variants in DNA repair (and possibly other) genes will be evaluated for an effect on CA frequency.
Snakebite pain can be challenging to control. We describe our experience managing intolerable pain after conventional treatment failed. A 35-year-old man, presented after a viper snakebite, suffering from intolerable pain in the affected extremity. He had no significant past medical history. All attempts to control the pain conventionally were unsuccessful. Treatment with a supraclavicular nerve block resulted in immediate relief. After the block receded, only a dull pain remained, which later disappeared without recurrence. This experience illustrates the need for personalized pain treatment to avoid subsequent complications.