anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Method and system of training a machine learning neural network (MLNN). The method comprises receiving a set of input features at respective input layers of the MLNN. The MLNN implemented in a processor and comprises an output layer interconnected to input layers via intermediate layers. The input features are associated with input feature data of a patient medical condition. Then selecting, responsive to a data qualification threshold level, a subset of the input layers while deactivating a remainder of the set of input layers. The intermediate layers are configured with an initial matrix of weights. Then training the MLNN based at least in part upon adjusting the initial matrix of weights based on a supervised classification that provides, via the output layer, one of negative and positive patient diagnostic states.
Aspects of the present disclosure include antibacterial aromatic sulfonyl fluoride agents. The subject aromatic sulfonyl fluoride agents have a pharmacophore that can provide for potent antibacterial activity. The subject agents are compounds including an aromatic group substituted with a sulfonyl fluoride warhead group and an electron withdrawing group. The subject agents find use in a variety of antibiotic applications. In some cases, the subject agents find use in methods of treating bacterial infections in a subject. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions and kits that find use in practicing the subject methods.
AIMS: Paclitaxel (PTX) is extensively utilized in the management of diverse solid tumors, frequently resulting in paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN). The present study aimed to investigate sex differences in the behavioral manifestations and underlying pathogenesis of PIPN and search for clinically efficacious interventions.
METHODS: Male and female C57BL/6 mice (5-6 weeks and 12 months, weighing 18-30 g) were intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered paclitaxel diluted in saline (NaCl 0.9%) at a dose of 2 mg/kg every other day for a total of 4 injections. Von Frey and hot plate tests were performed before and after administration to confirm the successful establishment of the PIPN model and also to evaluate the pain of PIPN and the analgesic effect of PD-L1. On day 14 after PTX administration, PD-L1 protein (10 ng/pc) was injected into the PIPN via the intrathecal (i.t.) route. To knock down TRPV1 in the spinal cord, adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-Trpv1-RNAi (5 μL, 1 × 1013 vg/mL) was slowly injected via the i.t. route. Four weeks after AAV9 delivery, the downregulation of TRPV1 expression was verified by immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting. The levels of PD-L1, TRPV1 and CGRP were measured via Western blotting, RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence staining. The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were measured via RT-PCR.
RESULTS: TRPV1 and CGRP protein and mRNA levels were higher in the spinal cords of control female mice than in those of control male mice. PTX-induced nociceptive behaviors in female PIPN mice were greater than those in male PIPN mice, as indicated by increased expression of TRPV1 and CGRP. The analgesic effects of PD-L1 on mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal sensitivity were significantly greater in female mice than in male mice, with calculated relative therapeutic levels increasing by approximately 2.717-fold and 2.303-fold, respectively. PD-L1 and CGRP were partly co-localized with TRPV1 in the dorsal horn of the mouse spinal cord. The analgesic effect of PD-L1 in PIPN mice was observed to be mediated through the downregulation of TRPV1 and CGRP expression following AAV9-mediated spinal cord specific decreased TRPV1 expression.
CONCLUSIONS: PTX-induced nociceptive behaviors and the analgesic effect of PD-L1 in PIPN mice were sexually dimorphic, highlighting the significance of incorporating sex as a crucial biological factor in forthcoming mechanistic studies of PIPN and providing insights for potential sex-specific therapeutic approaches.
Each volunteer will visit the laboratory in a 10-12 hour fasted state on three occasions over a three-week period, up to two visits/wk, with at least 48 hours between visits. Volunteers will be asked to refrain from vigorous physical activity and the consumption of alcohol the day before each testing visit. Randomization using a Latin Square design was applied to minimize confounding issues associated with the order of administration.

In the morning of each test, a finger-prick capillary blood samples will be collected to determine fasting (baseline) blood glucose levels. The volunteers will then consume the test solution assigned for that trial. Ten minutes will be allowed for the test solution to be consumed. Over the two hours following the start of each test, finger-prick capillary blood samples were collected at 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. Blood glucose levels will be immediately measured in duplicate using an automated blood glucose analyzer (YSI 2300, Yellow Springs, OH). Analysis of the collected sample was repeated if the difference between duplicate samples was greater than 0.1 mmol/L. Once the samples were analyzed, the data was entered and the incremental area under the curve was calculated using the trapezoidal model (GraphPad v5.0, La Jolla, CA).
This invention relates to the therapeutic induction of apoptosis in activated inflammatory cells, or cells at a site of inflammation, by introducing into those cells a chimeric gene containing an apoptosis-inducing gene (AIG) driven by a promoter of an inducible gene activated in inflammation and a promoter enhancer such that the inflammatory cells are targeted. In one embodiment, the chimeric gene comprises at least one TNFalpha promoter enhancer attached to a functional copy of a minimal TNFalpha promoter and further attached to at least one copy of an apoptosis-inducing gene, wherein expression of the gene is driven by the TNFalpha promoter. Attachment can be direct, distal, proximal or combinations thereof. Example apoptosis-inducing genes include caspase 3, caspase 4, caspase 5, Granzyme B. Advantageously, the TNFp-AIG chimeric gene is expressed in only those cells producing the inflammatory cytokine, TNFalpha. In addition, the TNFp-AIG chimeric gene also sequesters inducible TNFp transcription factors, thereby reducing endogenous production of TNFalpha. The invention also relates to methods of making and using self-regulated apoptosis chimeric genes and pharmaceutical compositions containing them for treating inflammatory diseases.
The invention comprises compounds of the formula <FORM:1082443/C2/1> wherein R is a C1- 5 alkyl group, X is a hydroge or halogen atom or a C1- 5 alkyl group or, taken together, two X radicals on adjacent carbon atoms of the benzene ring are joined to form a hydrocarbylene chain containing 4 carbon atoms between their points of attachment, and m is 1 or 2, and non-toxic, pharmacologically-acceptable salts thereof, e.g. piperidine salts. The compounds are prepared by reacting an alkanoylbenzoic acid of the formula <FORM:1082443/C2/2> with formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde and an acid-addition salt of a secondary amine, e.g. a di-(C1- 5 alkyl)-amine, piperidine or morpholine, and decomposing the acid-addition salt of the resulting (2 - aminomethylalkanoyl) benzoic acid. Alternatively, the (2-aminomethylalkanoyl) benzoic acid-addition salt may be quaternized or neutralized and the resulting quaternary ammonium derivative or free base then decomposed.  Alkanoyl benzoic acids of the Formula II are prepared by diazotizing an amino substituted alkanophenone of the formula <FORM:1082443/C2/3> with sodium nitrite in an acidic medium, neutralizing the mixture obtained with a base, treating the resulting mixture with aqueous cuprous cyanide and hydrolysing the nitrile intermediate.  4-Aminoalkanophenones of the Formula III are prepared by reacting the appropriate anilide derivative with an alkanoyl halide and hydrolysing the product.  2 - Chloro - 5 - aminopropiophenone is prepared by nitrating 2-chloropropiophenone with fuming nitric and reducing the resulting 2-chloro -5-nitropropiophenone.  Pharmaceutical compositions, having diuretic and saluretic activity, for oral or parenteral administration, comprise a compound of the invention together with a pharmaceutical carrier.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a cosmetic or a dermatological composition capable of releasing the skin and stimulating reintegration and restoration of an epidermal cell, comprising a specific sulfonic acid alone or the sulfonic acid and a prescribed activator. SOLUTION: This composition comprises a sulfonic acid of the formula [(p) is 1 or 2; R1 is H or COR2 (R2 is an alkyl or an alkenyl (which may be replaced with a hydroxyl group)] in a free state or at least partially neutralized state. Cysteic acid or homocysteic acid is preferable as the sulfonic acid and the amount of the sulfonic acid blended is 0.2-20wt.%, especially 0.5-50wt.%. Further, the system is mixed with an activator selected from among an α- hydroxy acid, an α-keto acid, etc., or an activator selected from among glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, etc. The amount of the activator mixed is preferably 0.1-5wt.% based on the total weight of the composition. The system may be mixed with an adjuvant such as a protein, an amino acid or a polyol.
The application provides a composition paste, a preparation method and application thereof. Wherein, the composition paste is applied to the treatment of the hormonal dermatitis. The composition paste is prepared by mixing white petrolatum, lanolin, azone, and glycerin, and heating to dissolve completely to obtain a first composition. Then, mixing radix Gentianae, radix Sangusorbae, radix Sophorae Flavescentis, cortex moutan, radix Arnebiae and Glycyrrhrizae radix at a predetermined ratio, micronizing, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain Chinese medicinal fine powder. And finally, adding the traditional Chinese medicine fine powder into the first composition, stirring uniformly, standing and cooling to obtain the composition paste. Furthermore, the preparation process of the composition paste is simple, the safety is high, and the characteristics of the traditional Chinese medicine external treatment method are reflected. Meanwhile, the ointment provided by the application gives full play to the curative effect of the traditional Chinese medicine, effectively relieves the inflammatory reaction of the hormone-dependent dermatitis, and has obvious effects on repairing the barrier function of the skin, promoting the metabolism of stratum corneum cells and the like.
Chronic wounds, characterized by prolonged healing processes, pose a significant medical challenge with multifaceted aetiologies, including local and systemic factors. Here, it explores the complex pathogenesis of chronic wounds, emphasizing the disruption in the normal phases of wound healing, particularly the inflammatory phase, leading to an imbalance in extracellular matrix (ECM) dynamics and persistent inflammation. Senescent cell populations further contribute to impaired wound healing in chronic lesions. Traditional medical management focuses on addressing underlying causes, but many chronic wounds resist to conventional treatments, necessitating innovative approaches. Recent attention has turned to autologous orthobiologics, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as potential regenerative interventions. These biologically derived materials, including bone marrow aspirate/concentrate (BMA/BMAC) and adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs), exhibit promising cytokine content and regenerative potential. MSCs, in particular, have emerged as key players in wound healing, influencing inflammation and promoting tissue regeneration. This paper reviews relevant scientific literature regarding basic science and brings real-world evidence regarding the use of orthobiologics in the treatment of chronic wounds, irrespective of aetiology. The discussion highlights the regenerative properties of PRP, PRF, BMA, BMAC and SVF, showcasing their potential to enhance wound healing. Despite advancements, further research is essential to elucidate the specific roles of each orthobiologic and determine optimal applications for different wound types. The conclusion underscores the evolving landscape in chronic wound management, with a call for more comprehensive studies to refine treatment strategies and maximize the benefits of regenerative medicine.
Cardiovascular status, especially in patients with cardiac disease, should be carefully determined before and during transurethral resection of the prostate when using 1.5% Glycine Irrigation USP as an irrigant. The fluid absorbed into the systemic circulation via severed prostatic veins may produce significant extracellular fluid expansion and lead to fulminating congestive heart failure.

Shift of sodium-free intracellular fluid into the extracellular compartment following systemic absorption of 1.5% Glycine Irrigation USP may lower serum sodium concentration and aggravate pre-existing hyponatremia.

Excessive loss of water and electrolytes may lead to serious imbalances. Sustained diuresis from transurethral irrigation with 1.5% Glycine Irrigation USP may obscure and intensify inadequate hydration or hypovolemia.

Care should be exercised if impaired liver function is known or suspected. Under such conditions, ammonia resulting from the metabolism of glycine may accumulate in the blood.

Use only if solution is clear and container and seal are intact.
After successful cannulation, a 10mm FCSEMS with the length of 6cm or 8cm were inserted into CBD. One to two centimeters of distal end of FCSEMS was left outside of the papilla and the stent was released. Then a metal clip was used to fix the distal end of FCSEMS with the duodenal mucosa adjacent to papilla.
The present invention relates to skin care product ingredient from fermented coconut testa. Solid-state fermentation of coconut testa with fungi through single and mixed culture fermentation resulted in enhancement of skin care related bioactivities. The fermented extracts exhibited high total phenolic content, antioxidant potential and radical scavenging activity. Enhancement of tyrosinase and elastase inhibition activities were also detected in the fermented extracts compared with extract of unfermented coconut testa. The fermented extracts also contain bioactive compounds responsible as anti pigmentation and anti-aging agent which beneficial for cosmeceutical application such as kojic acid and gallic acid. These findings indicate that the solid-state fermentation with the right inoculum can be used as an approach to improve bioactivities in coconut testa which is desirable for cosmeceutical applications.
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary exacerbations in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) related lung disease are a significant contributor to disease burden, as with usual COPD. Separating the early stages of an exacerbation from the day-to-day variation in stable COPD is central to the concerns of both clinicians and patients and has been identified as a research priority by NIHR. Clinical tools that distinguish baseline symptoms from those of an exacerbation could allow early and appropriate treatment of AECOPD to reduce the impact and potentially may slow disease progression thereby improving survival and quality of life. Candidate tools include symptom diaries and biomarkers of infection and acute inflammation. Urinary biomarkers of AECOPD have yet to be explored in AATD related COPD.
METHODS: 55 patients with AATD related lung disease with a history of 2 or more AECOPD in the preceding year were prospectively followed for 18 months. Each patient recorded symptom scores daily via an electronic symptom diary (eDiary) based on Bronkotest. Urinary biomarkers for AAT, NE, CRP, TIMP1 and desmosine were measured weekly using a home urinary lateral flow device. During self-reported AECOPD patients were asked to perform urine analysis on the first 7 consecutive days.
RESULTS: Type I Anthonisen exacerbations and episodes occurring in autumn/winter lasted longer than Type II/III exacerbations and spring/summer episodes respectively. Median urinary CRP concentration across all study participants increased during Type I AECOPD. eDiary adherence was 68% over a median of 17.8 months (IQR 15.7 to 18.5).
CONCLUSIONS: Use of an eDiary and urinary biomarkers to detect and characterise AECOPD remotely in AATD related lung disease is feasible over a prolonged period and paves the way for precision detection of exacerbations.
The present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions which are useful for imaging and/or treating endometriosis. The compositions are useful for the treatment of reproductive age women, as well as post-menopausal women suffering from this disorder. The pharmaceutical composition is a liposome composition that includes a liposome carrier component that contains on its surface a moiety targeted for an endometriotic implant or leaky blood vessels within the implant. The inventive liposome composition includes an aromatase inhibitor and/or a radiolabeled complex encapsulated by the liposome component. A label capable of external detection can be included so as to permit the detection of an endometrial implant and/or diagnosis of the presence of endornetriosis in a patient. The label can be bound to the aromatase inhibitor. Alternatively, when the label is separate from the inhibitor, or when the inhibitor is not present, a radiolabeled complex can be included.
The proposed study is a two by two factorial, randomized controlled intervention trial. Following informed written consent of eligible subject's blood and urine samples will be taken for measurements of vitamin D, markers of bone turnover and related biochemical variables. Patients who have evidence of vitamin D deficiency will then be randomly assigned to receive daily vitamin D(3) (2000 IU), calcium (1000 mg), both, or a placebo for 6 months. All subjects will have a calcium and vitamin D rich food and other lifestyle modification advises during the study period. Patients will otherwise be managed according to standard practice. Clinical assessment that includes general and self-rated health, bone density, muscle strength, physical activity and dietary intakes will be performed at baseline, and repeated at 3, 6 and 12 months post-randomisation.

Information on other important variables likely to influence vitamin D status including age, reproductive \& menopausal history, smoking, medications, adiposity, exposure to sunlight, dietary intake including supplements, skin pigmentation, chronic illness and medications will be collected and adjusted for during the analysis
PURPOSE: To obtain the subject medicinal preparation having synergistic antimicrobial activity, containing a compound bearing a lower alkyl-substituted imidazole ring and a (substituted) benzoic acid. CONSTITUTION: This medicinal preparation contains as active ingredients (A) pref. 0.01-10 (esp. 0.1-2) wt.% of a compound selected from compounds of formula I (R1 to R3 are such that at least one of them is a halogen, the rest being H) and salts thereof and compounds of formula II (R4 is a halogen), e.g. miconazole, econazole, clotrimazole) and (B) pref. 0.5-25 (esp. 1-15) wt.% of a (substituted) benzoic acid such as o-hydroxybenzoic acid or salicylic acid together with conventional support and/or vehicle for agents for external use. This medicinal preparation is used as an antimicrobial agent for treating fungus infection for skin and skin molimen and also pruritus.
REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterized by dream enactment behaviors and REM sleep without muscle atonia (excessive EMG activity) during REM sleep.Increasing studies revealed that iRBD eventually converts to α-synucleinopathy, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Recent studies reported that over 80% of patients with iRBD eventually developed neurodegeneration at a mean interval of 14 years after iRBD onset or diagnosed. Thus, iRBD is regarded as a precursor of α-synucleinopathies. In addition to iRBD, a large series of other non-motor symptoms also present before the emergence of typical motor symptoms of PD, including autonomic dysfunction, olfactory loss, color vision impairment, neurocognitive impairment,neuroimaging of dopamine dysfunction, daytime sleepiness, and psychiatric disorders. In recent years, several longitudinal studies have found that patients with iRBD with a higher rate of these markers may have a faster progression of neurodegeneration. On the other hand, a variety of external risk factors of PD including environmental toxic exposure, lifestyle factors, and some medications have long been recognized, which affect numerous fundamental cellular processes by interaction with genetic predisposition.

However, several knowledge gaps still need further studies to uncover. First, few studies have explored the predictive value of dynamic change of biomarkers in prodromal stage of PD. Second, few previous prospective studies also employed a control group to compare the change of these prodromal markers between patients and healthy controls over time. Third, as some of previous studies employed a retrospective study design, potential recall bias may contaminate the results. Moreover, the sample sizes of most previous studies investigating biomarkers were relative small (n \< 80) and follow-up durations in most study are relatively short, which may have limited the statistical power to detect the risk factors with mild to moderate effect size. Finally, as previous reported longitudinal studies of iRBD mainly focused on Caucasian or other ethnic groups, there is only limited data about neurodegenerative biomarkers in Chinese iRBD. In conclusion, prospective longitudinal studies with larger sample size, regular follow-up, and relative long follow-up duration are needed to better map the progression of neurodegeneration.
Cannabis-related emergency department visits have increased after legalization of cannabis for medical and recreational use. Accordingly, the incidence of emergency department visits due to cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome in patients with chronic cannabis use has also increased. The aim of this study was to examine trends of emergency department visit due to cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome in Nevada and evaluate factors associated with the increased risk for emergency department visit. The State Emergency Department Databases of Nevada between 2013 and 2021 were used for investigating trends of emergency department visits for cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome. We compared patients visiting the emergency department due to cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome with those visiting the emergency department due to other causes except cannabinoid hyperemesis and estimated the impact of cannabis commercialization for recreational use. Emergency department visits due to cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome have continuously increased during the study period. The number of emergency department visits per 100,000 was 1.07 before commercialization for recreational use. It increased to 2.22 per 100,000 (by approximately 1.1 per 100,000) after commercialization in the third quarter of 2017. Those with cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome were younger with fewer male patients than those without cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome. A substantial increase in emergency department visits due to cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome occurred in Nevada, especially after the commercialization of recreational cannabis. Further study is needed to explore factors associated with emergency department visits.