anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention provides a mulberry leaf chewable tablet and preparing process thereof. The mulberry leaf chewable tablet comprises wall-broken mulberry leaf powder and glutinous rice. Due to glutinous rice has the homologic characteristics of medicine and food such as hypoglycemic, thirst-quenching and edible, it is added into mulberry leaf as adhesive of chewable tablet, and it can enhance health effects of mulberry leaf. The mulberry leaf chewable tablet may be chewed directly, and be eaten at the temperature of no more than 40 DEG C, thereby avoiding the problem that components of 1-Deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) in mulberry leaf are decomposed and disappeared under the condition of high temperature, and performing effectively health function of mulberry leaf. The chewable tablet is convenient to carry and eat, and can be preserved for long time without deterioration of quality. People can accept it easily because the fragrance of glutinous rice can offset disagreeable taste of mulberry leaf itself.
Bethanechol chloride, a cholinergic agent, is a synthetic ester which is structurally and pharmacologically related to acetylcholine.

It is designated chemically as 2-[(aminocarbonyl) oxy]- N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium chloride. Its molecular formula is C 7H 17CIN 2O 2 and its structural formula is: 

Bethanechol chloride, USP is a white, hygroscopic crystalline powder having a slight amine-like odor, freely soluble in water, and has a molecular weight of 196.68.

Each tablet for oral administration contains 5 mg, 10 mg, 25 mg or 50 mg bethanechol chloride, USP. Bethanechol chloride Tablets, USP also contain the following inactive ingredients: anhydrous lactose, colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose and sodium starch glycolate, Type A. The 25 mg and 50 mg tablets also contain D&C Yellow No.10 Aluminum Lake and FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake.
Group 1 with 10 participants to receive a dose of 0.30 V/m and sham. The order of the intervention will be randomized.
Patients complete online surveys comprising questions about quality of life, symptoms, and activity level, and wear a wristband device (Vivofit watch) 3-7 days prior to and after surgery. After going home, patients complete the symptom survey three times a week and quality of life survey once a week for 2 weeks post-surgery.
Studies in animals to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of morphine sulfate have not been conducted. No formal studies to assess the mutagenic potential of morphine sulfate have been conducted. In the published literature, the results of in vitro studies showed that morphine sulfate is non-mutagenic in the Drosophila melanogaster lethal mutation assay and produced no evidence of chromosomal aberrations when incubated with murine splenocytes. Contrary to these results, morphine sulfate was found to increase DNA fragmentation when incubated in vitro with a human lymphoma line. In vivo, morphine sulfate has been reported to produce an increase in the frequency of micronuclei in bone marrow cells and immature red blood cells in the mouse micronucleus test and to induce chromosomal aberrations in murine lymphocytes and spermatids. Some of the in vivo clastogenic effects reported with morphine sulfate in mice may be directly related to increases in glucocorticoid levels produced by morphine sulfate in this species. 

A literature report indicated that morphine sulfate impairs fertility in rats. In a fertility study in which male rats were administered morphine sulfate subcutaneous prior to mating (up to 30 mg/kg twice daily) and during mating (20 mg/kg twice daily) with untreated females, a number of adverse reproductive effects were observed. These included reduction in total pregnancies, higher incidence of pseudopregnancies, and reduction in implantation sites.
This pilot clinical study is designed to evaluate the feasibility of using a needle guidance system during MRI-guided procedures in up to 12 patients. The MRI-compatible needle guidance system was developed under an NIH funded SBIR Phase II grant. This system has been evaluated by our Interventional Radiology team in phantom, volunteer, and cadaver studies which showed potential benefit of use in patients. Inclusion of the needle guidance system will not change the standard of care or substantively affect procedural technique as currently performed. This system provides the operator with an augmented reality (AR) display to better visualize the needle entry point and trajectory as it is inserted toward the target. This additional information could improve needle placement accuracy and shorten procedural time.
Standard care and patient coach. 5 face-to-face sessions of approximately 1-2 hours duration and 3 phone calls from inclusion to one month after end of first line treatment. Deviations from this schedule might depend on the treatment modules and on the wishes and needs of the patient. Several patients will continue directly into palliative care and the coach will thus support this transition.
Esophagogastric variceal bleeding (EGVB) is one of the most serious and common complications of liver cirrhosis. Endoscopic hemostasis is the most widely used and important method for the prevention and treatment of EGVB. The treatment of varicose veins hemostasis under gastroscope has the problem of long operation time. Patients are prone to nausea, vomiting and excessive secretions due to nervousness and fear, which affect endoscopic insertion and observation, leading to failure of ligation and massive bleeding, and even death. Therefore, appropriate analgesic and sedative drugs are necessary to ensure endoscopic treatment and improve the prognosis. Remimazolam, an ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine drug, is obtained by introducing metabolizable methyl propionate side chain into midazolam. It may have a good effect on sedation during endoscopic hemostasis in cirrhotic patients with ruptured esophageal and gastric varices.
Sodium Acetate Injection, USP 40 mEq (2 mEq/mL) is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, concentrated solution of sodium acetate in water for injection. The solution is administered, after dilution, by the intravenous route as an electrolyte replenisher. It must not be administered undiluted. Each 20 mL contains 3.28 g of sodium acetate (anhydrous) which provides 40 mEq each of sodium (Na+) and acetate (CH3COO−). The solution contains no bacteriostat, antimicrobial agent or added buffer. May contain acetic acid for pH adjustment; the pH is 6.5 (6.0 to 7.0). The osmolar concentration is 4 mOsmol/mL (calc).

The solution is intended as an alternative to sodium chloride to provide sodium ion (Na+) for addition to large volume infusion fluids for intravenous use.

Sodium Acetate, USP (anhydrous) is chemically designated CH3COONa, a hygroscopic powder very soluble in water.

The semi-rigid container is fabricated from a specially formulated polyolefin. It is a copolymer of ethylene and propylene. The safety of the plastic has been confirmed by tests in animals according to USP biological standards for plastic containers. The container requires no vapor barrier to maintain the proper drug concentration.
BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity is an important factor in the development of sarcopenia. This cross-sectional study explores the prevalence of sarcopenia and associations of physical activity (PA) with sarcopenia in two exercise trial populations. These study groups are clinically meaningful community-dwelling populations at increased risk for sarcopenia: older adults not meeting the PA guidelines and those with a recent hip fracture (HF).
METHODS: Data from 313 older adults who did not meet the PA guidelines (60% women; age 74.5 ± 3.8, body mass index 27.9 ± 4.7) and 77 individuals with HF diagnosed on average 70 ± 28 days earlier (75% women; age 79.3 ± 7.1, body mass index 25.3 ± 3.6) were included in this study. Grip strength and muscle mass (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA] in older adults not meeting the PA guidelines and bioimpedance analysis in participants with HF) were used to assess sarcopenia according to the European Working Group in Older People 2019 (EWGSOP2) criteria. The current level of PA was self-reported using a question with seven response options in both study groups and was measured with a hip-worn accelerometer for seven consecutive days in older adults not meeting the PA guidelines.
RESULTS: The prevalence of sarcopenia and probable sarcopenia was 3% (n = 8) and 13% (n = 41) in the older adults not meeting the PA guidelines and 3% (n = 2) and 40% (n = 31) in the HF group, respectively. In the age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression model, the lowest levels of self-reported PA were associated with increased probable sarcopenia and sarcopenia risk in older adults not meeting the PA guidelines (OR 2.8, 95% CI, 1.3-6.1, p = 0.009) and in the HF group (OR 3.9, 95% CI, 1.4-11.3, p = 0.012). No significant associations between accelerometer-measured PA and probable sarcopenia or sarcopenia were found.
CONCLUSIONS: Probable sarcopenia is common among community-dwelling older adults not meeting the PA guidelines and very common among individuals recovering from HF who are able to be involved in exercise interventions. In addition, since low PA is associated with higher probable sarcopenia and sarcopenia risk, it is recommended to screen for sarcopenia and promote regular physical activity to prevent sarcopenia in these populations.
Described are methods and compositions for regulating body weight and/or regulating the rate of weight gain or loss, and particularly, for treating or preventing obesity. Specifically, methods of administering varying levels of Shp2 modulators to an animal, alone or in combination with body weight regulating agents are disclosed. Methods and compositions for treating a variety of disorders associated with or caused by undesirable body weight are also described. Also described are methods for identifying compounds useful for regulation of body weight and associated conditions. In particular, methods are disclosed for identification of compounds that preferentially modulate binding of Shp2 to leptin receptors. Also described is a genetically modified non-human animal model for studying the peripheral and central pathways of energy homeostasis. Also disclosed are methods of identifying compounds for regulating such pathways.
Karonudib is an oral inhibitor of MTH1 and will be supplied as an oral solution to be taken every other day. There are three planned dose cohorts. Patients will be given every second day dosing.
Hypothesis: The duodenum plays a major role in glucose homeostasis through mechanisms largely unknown at this time. Evidence of this hypothesis comes from accumulated data in bariatric surgery patients who underwent Roux-en-y Gastric Bypass or Biliopancreatic Diversion (BPD) with or without a Duodenal Switch. Current evidence strongly supports this hypothesis with a long term (over 10 years) Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(T2DM) resolution rate of 84-86% following the gastric bypass and over 95% for the duodenal switch.

The clinical resolution of T2DM is defined as independence of all anti-diabetic medications and maintaining a HbA1c less than 6.0. Recent rodent experiments by Francesco Rubino and subsequent human case reports by Cohen et al. supports the validity of this hypothesis. The modified procedure involved a roux-en-y bypass of the duodenum and 30-50cm of proximal jejunum, unaltering the stomach and pylorus resulted in resolution of T2DM with no weight loss in all subjects.
PURPOSE: Numerous studies have supported the role of the immune dysfunction in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, to our knowledge, no study has been conducted on plasma cytokine levels in children with ASD in South Korea. In this study, we aimed to analyze the immunological characteristics of Korean children with ASD through plasma cytokine analysis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 94 ASD children (mean age 7.1; 81 males and 13 females) and 48 typically developing children (TDC) (mean age 7.3; 30 males and 18 females). Plasma was isolated from 1 mL of blood by clarifying with centrifugation at 8000 rpm at 4℃ for 10 min. Cytokines in plasma were measured with LEGENDplex HU Th cytokine panel (BioLegend, 741028) and LEGENDplex HU cytokine panel 2 (BioLegend, 740102).
RESULTS: Among 25 cytokines, innate immune cytokine [interleukin (IL)-33] was significantly decreased in ASD children compared with TDC. In acute phase proteins, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) was significantly increased, while IL-6, another inflammation marker, was decreased in ASD children compared with TDC. The cytokines from T cell subsets, including interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-17f, were significantly decreased in ASD children compared to TDC. IL-10, a major anti-inflammatory cytokine, and IL-9, which modulates immune cell growth and proliferation, were also significantly decreased in ASD children compared to TDC.
CONCLUSION: We confirmed that Korean children with ASD showed altered immune function and unique cytokine expression patterns distinct from TDC.
Finasteride tablets, USP contain finasteride as the active ingredient. Finasteride, a synthetic 4-azasteroid compound, is a specific inhibitor of steroid Type II 5α-reductase, an intracellular enzyme that converts the androgen testosterone into 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT).

The chemical name of finasteride is N-tert-Butyl-3-oxo-4-aza-5α-androst-1-ene-17β-carboxamide. The empirical formula of finasteride is C23H36N2O2 and its molecular weight is 372.55. Its structural formula is:

Finasteride is a white crystalline powder with a melting point near 250°C. It is freely soluble in chloroform and in lower alcohol solvents but is practically insoluble in water.

Finasteride Tablets, USP are film-coated tablets for oral administration. Each tablet contains 1 mg of finasteride and the following inactive ingredients: lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinized starch, sodium starch glycolate, lauroylmacrogol 32 glycerides, magnesium stearate, Hypromellose, Titanium Dioxide, polyethylene glycol, Iron Oxide Red, and Iron Oxide Yellow.
It has been possible to demonstrate clearly both in umbilical cord blood samples and after the separation of pregnancy blood that the combination of the triple gradient and MACS with anti-CD71 marked cells is a very effective method of enriching nucleated erythrocytes. The proportion of nucleated erythrocytes in the umbilical cord blood was between 72 and 89 % after both enrichment methods. It has been possible to detect nucleated erythrocytes in the posivite fraction according to the triple gradient and MACS in all cases in pregnant women at various gestation stages. The variation in the number of enriched nucleated erythrocytes in various pregnancies very probably reflects individual differences in the foeto-maternal cell ratio at various stages in pregnancy. The process described here makes it possible in normal male blood and that of non-pregnant women to demonstrate no nucleated erythrocytes, by contrast with pregnant women at various stages of gestation. The method is also highly reproducible and suitable for clinical diagnosis. With fluorescence $i(in situ) hybridisation it has been possible to detect a foetal trisomia in all three cases investigated. The enrichment of nucleated erythrocytes is thus strong enough to diagnose infantile aneuploids using fluorescence $i(in situ) hybridisation. It is therefore obvious that it is possible with this only slightly invasive and relatively simple and economical method to conduct screening examinations for three of the most important trisomias (13, 18 and 21) and monogenic diseases (with the aid of the PCR) with virtually no risk to the patient and the child.
BACKGROUND: The physical changes that accompany the onset of puberty demand a constant restructuring of the adolescent's perception of their body and may influence adolescents' mental health.
AIM: To describe weight status perception and its association with socio-demographic characteristics (SDC) and mental health disorders among adolescents in a low and middle-income country (LMIC).
METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study in high schools in the urban area of the governorate of Sousse, Tunisia in 2018. We included in our study all students studying in selected classes in selected public high schools and who are consented to participate. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the associated factors to weight perception categories.
RESULTS: The total number of students participating was 1399 with a response rate of 86.68%. The female sex was predominant (60.5% versus 39.5%). The mean age was of 17.03 ± 1.51 years. According to multivariate analysis, perceived weight categories were associated with sociodemographic factors such as gender and maternal educational level. Adolescents perceiving themselves as obese were at risk for severe depression (aOR = 0.40; p = 0.033). The BMI was associated with weight misperception: adolescents with normal weight tend to overestimate their weight (obesity aOR  =  0.13, p  =  0.017; overweight aOR  =  0.1, p  =  0.001).
CONCLUSION: There was a clear discrepancy between the actual weight status of the teens and their self-perceived weight. Adolescents are still growing both physically and mentally, and forming their self-image. Thus, health promotion practices designed to create accurate perceptions of current body weight need to be part of prevention efforts.
BACKGROUND: MynxGrip is a non-suture, balloon catheter- and extravascular sealant-based vascular closure device designed to help hemostasis after an arterial puncture. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of MynxGrip versus manual compression for femoral artery access closure in patients undergoing diagnostic or interventional procedures.
METHODS: The PANDA multicenter, parallel-group, open-label, randomized controlled trial enrolled patients undergoing a diagnostic or interventional procedure through femoral artery access between April 2019 and September 2020 at six centers in China. The participants were randomized 2:1 to the MynxGrip group and the manual compression group. Time to hemostasis and incidence of severe complications were the primary efficacy and safety endpoints, respectively.
RESULTS: A total of 304 consecutive participants were included. The baseline characteristics were similarly distributed in the MynxGrip (n = 203) versus manual compression (n = 101) groups. Compared with the manual compression group, the median time to hemostasis and time to ambulation were significantly shorter (3.0 (interquartile range: 2.0, 4.0) vs 18.0 (11.0, 22.0) min, and 479.0 (275.0, 932.0) vs 1410.3 (1121.0, 1476.0) min, respectively; both p = 0.0001) in the MynxGrip group, with similar procedural success rate, and without severe complications in either group. The incidence of device-related adverse events was 11.8% in the MynxGrip group, most possibly or definitely unrelated.
CONCLUSIONS: Compared with manual compression, the MynxGrip vascular closure device significantly shortens the times to hemostasis and ambulation without severe complications after diagnostic or interventional procedures through the femoral artery access.
Aberrant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling is the core signaling commonly activated in glioma. The transmembrane emp24 protein transport domain protein 2 (TMED2) interacts with cargo proteins involved in protein sorting and transport between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus. In this study, we found the correlation between TMED2 with glioma progression and EGFR signaling through database analysis. Moreover, we demonstrated that TMED2 is essential for glioma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion at the cellular levels, as well as tumor formation in mouse models, underscoring its significance in the pathobiology of gliomas. Mechanistically, TMED2 was found to enhance EGFR-AKT signaling by facilitating EGFR recycling, thereby providing the initial evidence of TMED2's involvement in the membrane protein recycling process. In summary, our findings shed light on the roles and underlying mechanisms of TMED2 in the regulation of glioma tumorigenesis and EGFR signaling, suggesting that targeting TMED2 could emerge as a promising therapeutic strategy for gliomas and other tumors associated with aberrant EGFR signaling.
The invention provides a compound traditional Chinese medicine for preventing and treating livestock and poultry colibacillosis and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to traditional Chinese medicine technologies for livestock and poultry. According to theories of Chinese veterinarian and a medication needed scientific formula for dialectical treatment, the compound traditional Chinese medicine is characterized by consisting of six traditional Chinese medicines namely coptis root, dark plum fruit, medicine terminalia fruit, largehead atractylodes rhizome, milkvetch root and divaricate saposhnikovia root, and the preparation method comprises the steps of: decocting for extraction by using water, and removing impurities by virtue of the methods of filtration, centrifugation and the like to prepare oral liquid. When the compound traditional Chinese medicine is used for treating the livestock and poultry colibacillosis, the liquid is added with water to adjust the concentration to be 20.0mg/mL for drinking or pouring administration for ill livestock and poultry; and when the compound traditional Chinese medicine is used for preventing the livestock and poultry colibacillosis, the liquid is added with water to adjust the prevention concentration to be 2.0mg/mL for drinking or pouring administration for livestock and poultry. The effective rate of the compound traditional Chinese medicine for treating escherichia coli of calf diarrhea is 100%, and the cure rate reaches 100%. The effective rate of the compound traditional Chinese medicine for treating chicken colibacillosis white scours is 100%, and the cure rate reaches 90%. The prevention effective rate of the compound traditional Chinese medicine for treating calf and chicken colibacillosis is 100%. The compound traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid is a pure traditional Chinese medicine preparation, does not have toxic or side effects and residues, and has very good effects of preventing and treating the livestock and poultry colibacillosis.
Since 1998 bilateral anterior capsulotomy (BAC) has been available to patients in British Columbia Canada who have treatment refractory severe depressive illness. This study will report on the outcome of patients who have received this intervention. BAC is achieved by stereotactic radiofrequency lesioning. To date 8 patients have received BAC. For all patients there is follow-up data of at least 24 months. The purpose of this retrospective study is to report on the surgical protocol and to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of BAC in severe depression.
The invention relates to the technical field of cosmetic preparation, in particular to a whitening efficacy type mask based on ginseng enzymolysis products and a preparation method thereof. The immobilized enzyme is prepared from amino resin, glutaraldehyde solution, deionized water, citric acid phosphate buffer solution, amylase and pectase serving as raw materials. And then the immobilized enzyme is used for carrying out enzymolysis on the ginseng powder solution to prepare a ginseng enzymolysis product. And then taking methacrylic anhydride modified dopamine, acrylic acid, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, initiator ammonium persulfate, cross-linking agent polyethylene glycol diacrylate and ginseng enzymolysis products as raw materials to prepare the ginsenoside-loaded hydrogel. Finally, the non-woven fabric base cloth is immersed in facial mask liquid consisting of ginsenoside, sodium hyaluronate, glycerol, chitin and deionized water, and a finished product is prepared. The mask prepared by the invention has good whitening and antioxidation effects, and therefore has wide application prospects in the field of cosmetics.