anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This is a model community-based trial in Rhode Island (RI), aimed at avoiding or minimizing morbidity from overt maternal hypothyroidism by systematic detection and treatment, beginning at the 1st prenatal visit. This model can be superimposed on existing prenatal screening programs and is intended ultimately to replace "case-finding", which has recently been shown ineffective. Three aspects of maternal and child health are compromised when a pregnant woman is thyroid deficient: 1) the woman's own health and well-being; 2) her baby's brain development; and 3) overall health of the pregnancy (e.g., fetal death, prematurity, preeclampsia). Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) measurement, a well accepted indicator of thyroid dysfunction, will serve as the primary test for both diagnosis and monitoring. A TSH value \>10 mU/L indicates overt hypothyroidism. Among the state's 14,000 annual pregnancies, 42 women (0.3%) will be overtly hypothyroid early in gestation (32 undiagnosed, and 10 under-treated). TSH values between 4.5 mU/L (98th centile) and 9.9 mU/L indicate subclinical hypothyroidism. The 240 women in this category will also receive treatment, and information will be gathered about disease progression to inform future practice. Approximately half of all RI's pregnancies are cared for by practices in Greater Providence, and TSH testing will initially be introduced, there. The research component is also within that area. Testing will subsequently be extended to the entire state. The program is centrally managed by three units at Women and Infants Hospital, in consultation with RI's Birth Defects Program Director. Program goals are to: provide TSH testing to at least 70% of pregnant women in Greater Providence; provide TSH testing to at least 50% of pregnant women elsewhere in RI; test 70% of screened women by 12 weeks' gestation, and 90% by 18 weeks' gestation; begin treatment in Greater Providence by 13 weeks' in 70%, and by 19 weeks' in 90%; document successful treatment during pregnancy in 90% (TSH \>0.1 mU/L and \<2.0 mU/L; retain 95% treated women to end of pregnancy, and 90% for up to 1 year postpartum; obtain pregnancy complications and birth outcomes for the entire cohort (Vital Records).

Data will be collected on participation by practices and women, % of women with undiagnosed thyroid deficiency, compliance with follow-up and treatment during pregnancy and for up to one year afterwards, outcomes of their pregnancies, % of hypothyroid women with postpartum thyroid dysfunction, % of women with subclinical hypothyroidism who remain hypothyroid one year postpartum, physician attitudes, and program costs.
Although rare, sensitivity to Sulfacetamide Sodium may occur. Therefore, caution and careful supervision should be observed when prescribing this drug for patients who may be prone to hypersensitivity to topical sulfonamides. Systemic toxic reactions such as agranulocytosis, acute hemolytic anemia, purpura hemorrhagica, drug fever, jaundice, and contact dermatitis indicate hypersensitivity to sulfonamides. Particular caution should be employed if areas of denuded or abraded skin are involved.

FOR EXTERNAL USE ONLY. Keep away from eyes. Keep out of reach of children. Keep container tightly closed.
INTRODUCTION: Macrophage function is determined by microenvironment and origin. Brain and retinal microglia are both derived from yolk sac progenitors, yet their microenvironments differ. Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from mice, we tested the hypothesis that retinal and brain microglia exhibit distinct transcriptional profiles due to their unique microenvironments.
METHODS: Eyes and brains from 2-4 month wildtype mice were combined (20 eyes; 3 brains) to yield one biologically diverse sample per organ. Each tissue was digested into single cell suspensions, enriched for immune cells, and sorted for scRNA-seq. Analysis was performed in Seurat v3 including clustering, integration, and differential expression. Multi-parameter flow cytometry was used for validation of scRNA-seq results. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) Clone 13, which produces a systemic, chronic, and neurotropic infection, was used to validate scRNA-seq and flow cytometry results in vivo.
RESULTS: Cluster analysis of integrated gene expression data from eye and brain identified 6 Tmem119 + P2ry12 + microglial clusters. Differential expression analysis revealed that eye microglia were enriched for more pro-inflammatory processes including antigen processing via MHC class I (14.0-fold, H2-D1 and H2-K1) and positive regulation of T-cell immunity (8.4-fold) compared to brain microglia. Multi-parameter flow cytometry confirmed that retinal microglia expressed 3.2-fold greater H2-Db and 263.3-fold more H2-Kb than brain microglia. On Day 13 and 29 after LCMV infection, CD8+ T-cell density was greater in the retina than the brain.
DISCUSSION: Our data demonstrate that the microenvironment of retina and brain differs, resulting in microglia-specific gene expression changes. Specifically, retinal microglia express greater MHC class I by scRNA-seq and multi-parameter flow cytometry, resulting in a possibly enhanced capability to stimulate CD8+ T-cell inflammation during LCMV infection. These results may explain tissue-specific differences between retina and brain during systemic viral infections and CD8+ T-cell driven autoimmune disease.
Subjects assigned to this arm will conduct daily at-home health monitoring using several electronic devices that will transmit data back to the study team. Everyday, subjects will measure pulse oximetry (SpO2) using a finger clip, answer questions about symptoms and medication use, answer a quality of life questionnaire, perform breathing tests, and record physical activity (using a physical activity monitor that will be mailed to the study team). Wearing the activity monitor is optional and will only occur during months 1, 6, and 12.
The overdevelopment of adipose tissues, accompanied by excess lipid accumulation and energy storage, leads to adipose deposition and obesity. With the increasing incidence of obesity in recent years, obesity is becoming a major risk factor for human health, causing various relevant diseases (including hypertension, diabetes, osteoarthritis and cancers). Therefore, it is of significance to antagonize obesity to reduce the risk of obesity-related diseases. Excess lipid accumulation in adipose tissues is mediated by adipocyte hypertrophy (expansion of pre-existing adipocytes) or hyperplasia (increase of newly-formed adipocytes). It is necessary to prevent excessive accumulation of adipose tissues by controlling adipose development. Adipogenesis is exquisitely regulated by many factors in vivo and in vitro, including hormones, cytokines, gender and dietary components. The present review has concluded a comprehensive understanding of adipose development including its origin, classification, distribution, function, differentiation and molecular mechanisms underlying adipogenesis, which may provide potential therapeutic strategies for harnessing obesity without impairing adipose tissue function.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Although the clinical benefit of reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is well-established, the impact on plaque composition and stability is less clear. Our narrative review aimed to assess the clinical effects of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors on coronary plaque characteristics specifically focusing from atheroma progression to regression and stabilization.
RECENT FINDINGS: The combination of statin therapy and PCSK9 inhibitors (evolocumab and alirocumab) promotes plaque stability in patients following an acute coronary syndrome. The GLAGOV study highlighted the relationship between achieved LDLc levels and changes in percentage atheroma volume. Similarly, the PACMAN-AMI study concluded that the qualitative and quantitative changes in coronary plaque were associated with the levels of LDLc. Assessing the severity of coronary artery stenosis and the extent of atherosclerotic burden by means of imaging techniques (e.g., IVUS, OCT and near-infrared spectroscopic) have significantly advanced our understanding of the benefits from promoting plaque regression and achieving to features of plaque stabilization through increasingly intensive lipid-lowering strategies.
Mirabegron, currently sold under the brand name Mybetriq by Astellas Pharma, is a selective beta-3-adrenergic receptor agonist approved for treatment of urgency urinary incontinence, urgency, and frequency associated with overactive bladder. Behavioral self-management education includes written education about timed urination, lifestyle changes, pelvic floor muscle exercises, and urge suppression.
Cervical cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among female reproductive malignancies, and lymph node metastasis (LNM) represents the major reason for its poor prognosis. In this study, we aimed to identify transcriptome differences in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) who developed LNM or not and to outline the function of GLIS1 in determining metastatic fate in CSCC. In The Cancer Genome Atlas-endocervical adenocarcinoma project, patients with LNM had shorter overall survival than those without. Transcriptome data from CSCC patients with and without LNM were analyzed to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). DEGs were enriched in metastasis-related pathways, such as extracellular matrix organization, cell-cell adhesion, and regulation of tissue remodeling. GLIS1 was overexpressed in tumor tissues of patients with LNM. COMP and ITGA11 were screened as downstream targets of GLIS1. GLIS1 promoted their transcription by binding to the promoter regions of COMP and ITGA11. GLIS1 enhanced the migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in CSCC cells, while the knockdown of COMP or ITGA11 reversed the promotion of GLIS1 on CSCC cell malignant phenotype. Together, our results demonstrate that GLIS1 might be related to the LNM of CSCC patients via COMP and ITGA11.
Participants receive normal saline placebo via IV infusion Q3W for up to 35 cycles up to approximately 2 years plus docetaxel 75 mg/m\^2 IV infusion Q3W. Each cycle will be 21 days.
Relapsed/refractory T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) has a dismal outcome, and no effective targeted immunotherapies for T-ALL exist. The extension of chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CARTs) to T-ALL remains challenging because the shared expression of target antigens between CARTs and T-ALL blasts leads to CARTs fratricide. CD la is exclusively expressed in cortical T-ALLs, a major subset of T-ALL. The expression of CD la is restricted to cortical thymocytes and neither CD34+ progenitors nor T-cells express CD la during ontogeny, confining the risk of on-target/off-tumor toxicity. The present invention provides CARs comprising a CD la-targeting moiety which may be transduced or transformed into T cells. The resultant CARTs are suitable for the treatment of cortical T-ALLs.
This is a randomized, double-blind study, with two arms and 100 women in each arm. Premenopausal women will be recruited and randomly allocated to take one of the two different dietary supplements in pills daily for 2 years. The two supplements are soy isoflavones (treatment) and placebo (carbohydrates). Both treatment and placebo pills will contain multi-vitamins and minerals. Multiple blood, urine, and breast fluid samples will be obtained before and during the dietary supplement periods and analyzed for biomarkers of breast cancer risk. At baseline and after the intervention period, breast density and bone density will be assessed by radiologic techniques. The efficacy of the dietary intervention will be determined by comparing mean changes of serum markers for breast cancer risk,dense breast tissue, and bone mineral density over the two year dietary intervention period in the two supplement groups with adjustment for baseline values and individual patient characteristics of interest. We predict that 2 years of soy isoflavone supplement will reduce breast density, which may be explained by individual changes in serum markers of breast cancer risk.
Keratoconus is a common bilateral progressive corneal ectatic disease causing visual impairment by inducing irregular astigmatism and corneal opacities. This disorder typically begins during teenage years. Patients with severe forms may need a corneal transplantation. The CXL procedure, described in 1998, allows to halt or to slow down the disease progression and may avoid other surgeries, e.g. transplantation. This technique creates links between collagen fibrils in order to rigidify the corneal stroma. The corneal stroma is soaked with a riboflavin solution (vitamin B2) before being exposed to ultraviolet-A (UVA) radiations. In the current standard CXL, the central corneal epithelium must be debrided to allow the penetration of riboflavin into the cornea, with a risk of side effects, such as pain for the first two post-operative days, temporary loss of visual acuity during the first three months, and serious complications such as infections and stromal opacity due to corneal scarring Transepithelial crosslinking is a non-invasive technique in which benzalkonium chloride is used to enhance the penetration of riboflavin into the cornea. To improve the reaction, a device provides oxygen to the corneal surface. The transepithelial technique could allow intrastromal riboflavin diffusion, while keeping the corneal epithelium on, conserving the efficiency of the standard procedure without the complications induced by epithelial debridement.

Patient with progressive keratoconus will be included and treated with the transepithelial procedure. The follow-up will last for one year. Every follow-up visit will evaluate the security of the procedure and its efficacy to stop or slow down the progression of the disease. Interrogatory and slit lamp examination will be performed to investigate the potential adverse effects of the procedure.
AIM: Quality of life (QoL) is a crucial and core outcome in assessing the effectiveness of treatments for cryptoglandular anal fistula. Despite its extensive impact, there is a lack of patient-centred, disease-specific QoL measurement instruments of adequate quality. The aim of this study is to develop a disease-specific measurement instrument that can accurately measure QoL for patients with cryptoglandular anal fistula.
METHOD: Semi-structured qualitative patient interviews and a systematic review of current instruments were used to generate items for the draft instrument. This underwent successive rounds of cognitive interviews to refine its wording and structure. Individual item and overall scale content validity were determined by asking experts to rate the relevance of each item and those deemed irrelevant were removed. The final instrument then underwent psychometric testing and test-retest analysis to determine its sensitivity and stability.
RESULTS: A total of 148 patients were involved in item generation, scale development and psychometric testing. A 22-item measurement instrument has been developed; it is scored on a scale of 0-100, where 0 indicates the worst QoL and 100 demonstrates perfect QoL. The scale demonstrates excellent internal consistency (Cronbach-α = 0.927), strong content and construct validity [correlation with Perianal Disease Activity Index = -0.713, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Anxiety (-0.659) and Depression (-0.673) subscales and Short Form-12 physical (0.609) and mental (0.589) component scales] and strong reliability and responsiveness.
CONCLUSION: We have developed a cryptoglandular Anal Fistula Quality of Life scale (AF-QoL), a comprehensive, disease-specific patient reported outcome measure assessing QoL in patients with cryptoglandular anal fistula.
Chronic activation of the adaptive immune system is a hallmark of atherosclerosis. As PI3Kδ is a key regulator of T and B cell differentiation and function, we hypothesized that alleviation of adaptive immunity by PI3Kδ inactivation may represent an attractive strategy counteracting atherogenesis. As expected, lack of hematopoietic PI3Kδ in atherosclerosis-prone Ldlr-/- mice resulted in lowered T and B cell numbers, CD4+ effector T cells, Th1 response, and immunoglobulin levels. However, despite markedly impaired peripheral pro-inflammatory Th1 cells and atheromatous CD4+ T cells, the unexpected net effect of hematopoietic PI3Kδ deficiency was aggravated vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Further analyses revealed that PI3Kδ deficiency impaired numbers, immunosuppressive functions, and stability of regulatory CD4+ T cells (Tregs), whereas macrophage biology remained largely unaffected. Adoptive transfer of wild-type Tregs fully restrained the atherosclerotic plaque burden in Ldlr-/- mice lacking hematopoietic PI3Kδ, whereas PI3Kδ-deficient Tregs failed to mitigate disease. Numbers of atheroprotective B-1 and pro-atherogenic B-2 cells as well as serum immunoglobulin levels remained unaffected by adoptively transferred wild-type Tregs. In conclusion, we demonstrate that hematopoietic PI3Kδ ablation promotes atherosclerosis. Mechanistically, we identified PI3Kδ signaling as a powerful driver of atheroprotective Treg responses, which outweigh PI3Kδ-driven pro-atherogenic effects of adaptive immune cells like Th1 cells.
The purpose of this study was to determine the stiffness of mandibular soft tissues during mandibular distraction, from the perspective of improving distraction devices such as automated continuous distractors. Uncompleted osteotomy was performed on 11 fresh human hemimandibles via a greenstick fracture, to preserve the uplift of the internal periosteum of the mandibular corpus. In order to replicate continuous distraction, direct measurements were performed through a uniaxial quasi-static tensile test. For all specimens, linear regression was applied to the force-displacement curve for a force region of 10-20 N, and the slope extracted. The mean stiffness was estimated to be 9.12 ± 3.56 N/mm. This study is the first to measure directly the stiffness of the surrounding tissues of the human mandibular corpus, and paves the way to the design of a new generation of distractor devices.
The present invention relates to a composite regulating metabolism, proliferation, differentiation and apoptotic mechanisms and applicable for the treatment for a variety of medical conditions, the composite comprising and oxidized glutathione-based compound, which has a disulfide bond, and a metal material, in particular where the metal is either platinum or palladium. The oxidized glutathione-based compound and metal material can be present in a ratio of 3000 to 1 and preferably 1000 to 1. The oxidized glutathione-based compound can be oxidized glutathione itself or salts or derivatives. A feature of the invention is that the composite has a more stabilized disulfide bond than the oxidized glutathione-based compound itself that significantly enhanced the biological-pharmacological activity of the composite and increased ability thereof for chemical modification resulting in new products possessing new therapeutic effects. Methods for preparing the composite are provided, such methods being beneficial in that the composite is provided in high yields and at high purity. Methods for treating various medical conditions with the composites of the present invention are also disclosed.
BACKGROUND: The Opioid Analgesic Reduction Study is a double-blind, prospective, clinical trial investigating analgesic effectiveness in the management of acute post-surgical pain after impacted third molar extraction across five clinical sites. Specifically, Opioid Analgesic Reduction Study examines a commonly prescribed opioid combination (hydrocodone/acetaminophen) against a non-opioid combination (ibuprofen/acetaminophen). The Opioid Analgesic Reduction Study employs a novel, electronic infrastructure, leveraging the functionality of its data management system, Research Electronic Data Capture, to not only serve as its data reservoir but also provide the framework for its quality management program.
METHODS: Within the Opioid Analgesic Reduction Study, Research Electronic Data Capture is expanded into a multi-function management tool, serving as the hub for its clinical data management, project management and credentialing, materials management, and quality management. Research Electronic Data Capture effectively captures data, displays/tracks study progress, triggers follow-up, and supports quality management processes.
RESULTS: At 72% study completion, over 12,000 subject data forms have been executed in Research Electronic Data Capture with minimal missing (0.15%) or incomplete or erroneous forms (0.06%). Five hundred, twenty-three queries were initiated to request clarifications and/or address missing data and data discrepancies.
CONCLUSION: Research Electronic Data Capture is an effective digital health technology that can be maximized to contribute to the success of a clinical trial. The Research Electronic Data Capture infrastructure and enhanced functionality used in Opioid Analgesic Reduction Study provides the framework and the logic that ensures complete, accurate, data while guiding an effective, efficient workflow that can be followed by team members across sites. This enhanced data reliability and comprehensive quality management processes allow for better preparedness and readiness for clinical monitoring and regulatory reporting.
Patients receive everolimus PO once daily and sorafenib tosylate PO twice daily on days 1-28. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
This study evaluated the current practices of selecting cold storage preservation solutions in Brazil and their impact on delayed graft function (DGF) incidence and 1-year outcomes in kidney transplant recipients. A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including 3,134 brain-dead deceased donor kidney transplants performed between 2014 and 2015 in 18 Brazilian centers. The most commonly used preservation solution was Euro-collins (EC, 55.4%), followed by Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK, 30%) and Institut Georges Lopez (IGL-1, 14.6%). The incidence of DGF was 54.4%, with 11.7% of patients requiring dialysis for more than 14 days, indicating prolonged DGF. Upon adjusting for confounding variables, HTK demonstrated a significantly lower risk of DGF than EC (OR 0.7350.82500.926), as did IGL-1 (OR 0.6050.7120.837). Similar protective effects were observed for prolonged DGF when comparing HTK (OR 0.4780.5990.749) and IGL-1 (OR 0.4780.6810.749) against EC. No significant association was found between preservation solutions and 1-year death-censored graft survival. In conclusion, EC was the most frequently used cold storage perfusion solution, demonstrating a higher incidence and duration of DGF compared with HTK and IGL-1, but with no impact on 1-year graft survival.
PURPOSE: A prasugrel disulfonate with improved physiochemical property and a crystal thereof are provided to ensure stability, non-hygroscopicity and dissolubility. CONSTITUTION: A prasugrel disulfonate is denoted by chemical formula 1. In chemical formula 1, HA is 1,2-ethandisulfonic acid or 1,5-naphthalene disulfonic acid. The prasugrel disulfonate or crystal thereof is prepared by contacting prasugrel with disulfonic acid in inactive organic solvent. The inactive organic solvent is acetone, isopropanol, tetrahydrofurane or acetonitrile. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating ischemic disease contains the prasugrel disulfonate or crystal thereof as an active ingredient and pharmacueitcally acceptable carrier, diluents or excipient. The pharmaceutical composition is used in the form of oral administration.