anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: A mainstay in the acute management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is fluid resuscitation. Normal saline is recommended by the American Diabetes Association; however, it has been associated with hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis and acute kidney injury. Limited literature is available to determine the most appropriate crystalloid fluid to treat patients with DKA.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare lactated Ringer's (LR) to normal saline (NS) in the acute management of DKA.
METHODS: This was a retrospective, multicenter single health system cohort study. The primary outcome was to evaluate the time to high anion gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA) resolution using LR compared to NS. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of nongap metabolic acidosis, hyperchloremia, acute kidney injury, and new renal replacement therapy. Other secondary outcomes included insulin infusion duration and hospital and intensive care unit length of stay. The Cox proportional hazards model was used for the primary outcome.
RESULTS: A total of 771 patient encounters were included. Lactated Ringer's was associated with faster time to HAGMA resolution compared to NS (adjusted hazard ratio 1.325; 95% confidence interval 1.121-1.566; p < 0.001). No difference was found in complications such as incidence of nongap metabolic acidosis, hyperchloremia, acute kidney injury, and new renal replacement therapy between the LR and NS groups. Additionally, there was no difference in insulin infusion duration and hospital or intensive care unit length of stay.
CONCLUSION: Treatment with LR as the primary crystalloid for acute DKA management was associated with faster HAGMA resolution compared with NS. Similar incidence in complications and length of stay was observed between the two groups. The findings of this study add to the accumulating literature suggesting that balanced crystalloids may offer an advantage over NS for the treatment of patients with DKA.
PURPOSE: A composition containing a ginsenoside-enhanced fraction is provided to increase nitrogen oxide generation and to lower blood pressure. CONSTITUTION: A composition for lowering blood pressure contains 0.1-95 weight% of a ginsenoside-enhanced fraction, including Rg1 and Rb1. The content of ginsenoside Rg1 contains 10-15 weight% of the fraction. A method for preparing the fraction comprises: a step of adding a spirit to dried ginseng to obtain a solvent extract; a step of performing thermal concentration of the extract; a step of adding distilled water to the concentrate for dilution and passing the concentrate through an adsorbing resin; a step of gradually passing distilled water and 20 v/v% of spirit; and a step of eluting the spirit by 30-40 v/v%. The composition is a pharmaceutical composition or food composition. The composition is used in the form of a powder, granule, tablet, capsule, syrup or beverage.
Intravenous infusion of placebo (sterile saline, 20 ml). The infusion is administered at constant speed by an automatic pump, lasting 20 minutes.
PCT No. PCT/JP93/01658 Sec. 371 Date May 12, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date May 12, 1995 PCT Filed Nov. 12, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/11033 PCT Pub. Date May 26, 1994The present invention relates to a granular preparation for MRI obtained by granulating a viscosity-increasing agent together with a binder and if necessary, a vehicle, a disintegrant, etc., by the use of a fluidized-bed granulation method, and spraying ferromagnetic particles suspended in an aqueous solution of a viscosity-increasing agent or a binder for coating the granules or incorporating the suspension into he granules at the time of granulation to prepare bulky granules. The granular preparation according to the present invention does not undergo coagulation due to gelling at the time of suspending, and can be instantaneously turned into a suspension which is uniform and viscose by mere stirring. Accordingly, the preparation method is simple and easy. Since it is a solid preparation, stability of the ferromagnetic particle is higher than that of an aqueous dispersion, it is free from the problem of putrefaction by microorganisms and molds and is advantageous from the aspects of transportation and storage space.
For the treatment of central precocious puberty (CPP), the recommended daily dose of SYNAREL is 1600 µg. The dose can be increased to 1800 µg daily if adequate suppression cannot be achieved at 1600 µg/day.

The 1600 µg dose is achieved by two sprays (400 µg) into each nostril in the morning (4 sprays) and two sprays into each nostril in the evening (4 sprays), a total of 8 sprays per day. The 1800 µg dose is achieved by 3 sprays (600 µg) into alternating nostrils three times a day, a total of 9 sprays per day. The patient's head should be tilted back slightly, and 30 seconds should elapse between sprays.

If the prescribed therapy has been well tolerated by the patient, treatment of CPP with SYNAREL should continue until resumption of puberty is desired.

There appeared to be no significant effect of rhinitis, i.e., nasal congestion, on the systemic bioavailability of SYNAREL; however, if the use of a nasal decongestant for rhinitis is necessary during treatment with SYNAREL, the decongestant should not be used until at least 2 hours following dosing with SYNAREL.

Sneezing during or immediately after dosing with SYNAREL should be avoided, if possible, since this may impair drug absorption.

At 1600 µg/day, a bottle of SYNAREL provides about a 7-day supply (about 56 sprays). If the daily dose is increased, increase the supply to the patient to ensure uninterrupted treatment for the duration of therapy.
A chewing material or items constructed of latex material. In one embodiment of the invention, the latex chewing material is constructed to simulate the size and shape of a stick of conventional chewing gum. The latex material will not deteriorate when being chewed and while not intended to be ingested, it is constructed of non-toxic material and is not harmful if swallowed. The latex chewing material will not stick to any surface or any other item. The material is not water soluble and is sugar free and salt free. Use of the latex chewing material or item will assist in keeping the teeth clean, promote healthy conditions of the teeth and gum by massaging the gums and providing exercise normally associated with mastication. In addition, the use of the latex chewing material will enhance the overall health and hygiene of the oral cavity by stimulating saliva secretions thereby decreasing the potential for bad breath.
Patients with episodic migraine who present between 4 and 10 migraine attacks per month. These patients must have a diagnosis of migraine by a headache neurologist and according to the criteria proposed by ICHD-3. In addition, they must present at least 1 year of evolution of the migraine, as well as a normal neurological examination and have given their informed consent.
For the first 3 days after being switched from NRT (occurring at one week after initiation of nicotine patch treatment, one week before the target Quit Day), smokers in this group will receive treatment with Chantix at a dose of 0.5 mg once per day followed by 0.5 mg twice a day for the remaining 4 days of that week plus Zyban at a dose of 150mg once per day. Subsequently, the dose of Chantix will be 1 mg twice per day and the dose of Zyban will be 150 mg twice per day for the remainder of the 12-week active treatment duration.
A natural medicinal preparation for preventing and treating atherosclerosis by regulating intestinal flora balance belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine research. The composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 40-50% of the extracted and purified product of the black corncob cyanine, 10-25% of the extracted and purified product of the sensitive plant total flavone, 20-30% of the extracted and purified product of the loropetalum chinense and the Chinese lobelia herb tannin and 10-20% of the curcumin. The technical scheme of the natural medicinal preparation for preventing and treating atherosclerosis by regulating intestinal flora balance has the advantages of reasonable formula, environmental protection and good safety, and is suitable for long-term administration. The synergistic enhancement of the components has obvious therapeutic effect on the atherosclerosis rats. The special composition has remarkable effect of treating atherosclerosis, and is convenient to take. Meanwhile, the black corncobs which are main raw materials used by the invention are plant wastes, so that the raw materials are rich in source, waste is turned into wealth, and the resource recycling rate is improved.
This study will have a randomised and crossover design of 2 interventions supplementing 300g/day of two different varieties of tomato; each of these interventions will last for 4 weeks, with a control period (no tomato consumption) of 4 weeks between these. The total study period will be 12 weeks. The target sample size for this study is 30 male participants. This study visit involve 4 study visits over a 12-week period plus a screening visit before the intervention.

In this study, the interventions will require participants to consume two different varieties of fresh tomatoes in random order. Participants will be given all the tomato to be consumed during the study, and will be instructed not to consume additional tomato sources. The amount of tomato to be consumed will be delivered every week. Participants will consume the tomatoes anytime as snack or with meal. In order to control for other dietary factors, participants will also be asked to record food diary throughout the first study period (4 weeks) and will be recommended to repeat their own dietary pattern for the control period and second study period to match up the food and nutrition intake throughout the whole study. They should not alter their usual diet and exercise patterns when completing the food diary or study. Before and after each 4 weeks intervention or control period, participant will attend the study visit for measurements.

Baseline measurements will be taken at the start of the first study period. All measurements will be measured at fasted state on before and after 4-week study period. Anthropometric measurements including height and weight, a total of 72ml venous blood samples (18ml each measurement) will be collected by researcher. Spot urine and saliva samples will be collected into a flask provided by participants themselves. Plasma and urine analyses will not commence until the full intervention study is complete, and all samples from each subject are analysed within one batch to reduce inter-batch variation. Trained researchers will obtain blood sample in this study.

Before the start of the trial, 4 volunteers will be recruited to consume 1 week of 300g red cherry tomato per day for 7 days in order to establish expected serum levels of lycopene after tomato supplementation. The aim of this is to develop cut-off serum levels to establish compliance with interventions. Six ml of fasting blood will be taken at baseline and after the 1 week consumption of red cherry tomato.
Sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) causes significant fatalities worldwide and lacks pharmacological intervention. Alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) plays a pivotal role in the remission of ARDS and is markedly impaired in the pathogenesis of ARDS. Here, we demonstrated that erythropoietin could effectively ameliorate lung injury manifestations and lethality, restore lung function and promote AFC in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ARDS. Moreover, it was proven that EPO-induced restoration of AFC occurs through triggering the total protein expression of ENaC and Na,K-ATPase channels, enhancing their protein abundance in the membrane, and suppressing their ubiquitination for degeneration. Mechanistically, the data indicated the possible involvement of EPOR/JAK2/STAT3/SGK1/Nedd4-2 signaling in this process, and the pharmacological inhibition of the pathway markedly eliminated the stimulating effects of EPO on ENaC and Na,K-ATPase, and subsequently reversed the augmentation of AFC by EPO. Consistently, in vitro studies of alveolar epithelial cells paralleled with that EPO upregulated the expression of ENaC and Na,K-ATPase, and patch-clamp studies further demonstrated that EPO substantially strengthened sodium ion currents. Collectively, EPO could effectively promote AFC by improving ENaC and Na,K-ATPase protein expression and abundance in the membrane, dependent on inhibition of ENaC and Na,K-ATPase ubiquitination, and resulting in diminishing LPS-associated lung injuries.
Oxidative stress is a major source of ROS-mediated damage to macromolecules, tissues, and the whole body. It is an important marker in the severe picture of pathological conditions. The discovery of free radicals in biological systems gives a "start" to studying various pathological processes related to the development and progression of many diseases. From this moment on, the enrichment of knowledge about the participation of free radicals and free-radical processes in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and endocrine diseases, inflammatory conditions, and infections, including COVID-19, is increasing exponentially. Excessive inflammatory responses and abnormal reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels may disrupt mitochondrial dynamics, increasing the risk of cell damage. In addition, low serum albumin levels and changes in the normal physiological balance between reduced and oxidized albumin can be a serious prerequisite for impaired antioxidant capacity of the body, worsening the condition in patients. This review presents the interrelationship between oxidative stress, inflammation, and low albumin levels, which are hallmarks of COVID-19.
Mafenide Acetate, USP is a synthetic antimicrobial agent designated chemically as α-amino-p-toluenesulfonamide monoacetate. It has the following structural formula:

Mafenide Acetate, USP is a white, crystalline powder which is freely soluble in water.

Mafenide Acetate for 5% Topical Solution is provided in packets containing 50 g of sterile Mafenide Acetate to be reconstituted in 1000 mL of Sterile Water for Irrigation, USP or 0.9% Sodium Chloride Irrigation, USP. After mixing, the solution contains 5% w/v of Mafenide Acetate. The solution is an antimicrobial preparation suitable for topical administration. The solution is not for injection. The reconstituted solution may be held up to 28 days after preparation if stored in unopened containers. ONCE A CONTAINER IS OPENED, ANY UNUSED PORTION SHOULD BE DISCARDED AFTER 48 HOURS. Store the reconstituted solution at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). Limited storage periods at 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) are acceptable.
Participants will daily consume 1 dL aronia-mixture for 6 months. The mixture may be consumed in smaller portions throughout the day, but according to results from a non-clinical pilot-study (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25026919/), the mixture should be consumed with a meal in order to avoid nausea. The aronia-mixture has been developed by the research group and produced for free by Ronia AS, Randaberg, Norway. The mixture is produced from aronia-berries (50%) and apples (50%), and 1 dL (one serving) consists of 600 mg proanthocyanidins, 300 mg anthocyanins and 100 mg chlorogenic acids with pH 3.6. Urine samples (25 mL) will be delivered at general practices for chemical analysis of metabolites from the intervention drink at day 0, 60, 120, and 180 (spot urine). In addition, an urine sample will be collected at day 0 for microbiological analysis (urine culture). The intervention will not replace any medical treatment during the project period.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hyperuricemia plays an essential role in the gout. Despite the clinical significance of hyperuricemia, a direct relationship between oral health and hyperuricemia has not been established. We aim to investigate the association between oral health and hyperuricemia.
METHODS: We selected 17,557 subjects from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database for the years 2016-2019. Oral health-related variables included the number of dental caries, regular tooth brushing, use of secondary oral products, and regular dental examinations. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hyperuricemia were calculated using a multivariable-adjusted logistic regression model.
RESULTS: Oral health status with dental caries and oral health behaviors, including tooth brushing, secondary oral products, and regular dental examination, were significantly associated with hyperuricemia in all participants. The adjusted OR and 95% CIs for hyperuricemia comparing more than three dental caries with no dental caries were 1.28 (1.08-1.52). The adjusted OR and 95% CIs for hyperuricemia in regular tooth brushing, use of secondary oral products, and regular dental examination were 0.78 (0.67-0.91), 0.91 (0.83-1.00), and 0.86 (0.78-0.95), respectively. Notably, the association between oral health and hyperuricemia was more prominent in male subjects. In addition, when subjects were grouped by the oral health scoring system, the prevalence of hyperuricemia was lower in groups with better oral health scores.
CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that oral health status and behaviors are associated with hyperuricemia, particularly in males. Further studies are necessary to confirm the association between oral health and hyperuricemia.
PURPOSE:To obtain an emulsified compsn. which has good fit to the skin and excellent stability while maintaining fresh feel of use by incorporating higher fatty acid, basic amino acid and lowe alcohol therein. CONSTITUTION:The oil in water type emulsified compsn. is obtd. by incorporating 0.1-10wt% higher fatty acid such as palmitic acid, basic amino acid (e.g.; L-alginin) at 0.1-5 times (molar ratio) the weigh of the higher fatty acid and 5-30wt% lower alcohol such as ethyl alcohol therein. Since a large amt. of the lower alcohol is compounded with such oil in water type emulsified compsn., the comps. has the fresh and cool feel of use, an excellent fit to the skin occuring in the emulsification by the salt of the higher fatty acid and good stability under high-temp. conditions and is therefore ideally suitable as the oil in water type emulsified compsn. particularly for summer cream, astringent cream, moisture- control cream, etc.
BACKGROUND: The triglyceride-glucose index, a reliable surrogate biomarker of insulin resistance, has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular events and atherosclerosis. However, few studies have investigated the association of the triglyceride-glucose index with postoperative infections. This study aimed to study the clinical risk values of the preoperative triglyceride-glucose index in postoperative infection complications in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal-related abdominal and pelvic surgery.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 3,225 older patients who underwent gastrointestinal-related abdominal and pelvic surgery between 2014 and 2019. The patients were divided into groups of triglyceride-glucose index ≤8.268 and triglyceride-glucose index >8.268 according to the optimal triglyceride-glucose index cut-off value. The outcome of interest was postoperative infections within 30 days after surgery. Primary and subgroup analyses were performed to confirm that preoperative triglyceride-glucose index qualifies as a reliable, independent risk indicator. Propensity score matching analysis was further applied to address covariates' potential residual confounding effect and test the robustness of the results.
RESULTS: In this study, the median age was 71 years (interquartile range, 67, 75 years), the proportion of male patients was 66.3%, and 1,058 (32.8%) were infected within 30 days after surgery. A triglyceride-glucose index >8.268 was associated with an increased risk of postoperative infections in multivariate regression analysis (odds ratio, 1.37; 95% confidence interval, 1.15-1.64; P < .001). The correlation between the triglyceride-glucose index and postoperative infections remained significantly robust (odds ratio, 1.52; 95% confidence interval, 1.21-1.92; P < .001) in the propensity score matching analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: The triglyceride-glucose index elevation determined by the optimal cutoff value of 8.268 was an independent risk factor for developing postoperative infections.
PURPOSE:To provide a cosmetic containing a derivative obtained by a specific treatment of a precursor of humus, and effective to promote the elimination of the organic material such as fatty acid, etc. attached to the pores or surface of the skin and the aged substance from the cell. CONSTITUTION:A composition composed of active polymeric substances such as phenolic compounds, oxidizing enzymes, quinones, polysaccharides, amino acids, etc. having improved activity of humus is prepared by removing low-molecular components such as fumic acid, fulvic acid, etc. from a precursor of humus by a series of treatments, stirring the product in hot state and aging the treated polymeric components. The agent is effective to remove the aged cell substance and the organic substance such as fatty acid, etc. attached to the skin by the selective polycondensation reaction, and soften the horny layer of the skin. The decay of a natural cosmetic such as lemon juice can be suppressed sufficiently by the addition of the component.
Burns are one of the common forms of trauma and are a cause of unintentional death and injury in the world as well as in the United States (US). Management of burns becomes complex due to multiple associated complications, which result in short-term and long-term disability. Secondary infection of burn wounds is the most common complication associated with burn injuries. Approximately 10,000 people die in the US due to burn-related infections. For instance, gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic organism commonly found in burn wounds. Bacterial infections cause prolonged hospital stay, increase morbidity, and mortality of burn patients. Treatment of bacterial infections with antibiotics is becoming more challenging due to the development of multidrug-resistance. Hence, current antibiotic regimens and wound care are not always successful in eliminating bacterial infections. As such, there is a critical need to investigate and establish non-antibiotic approaches to prevent colonization, control growth, and eliminate bacteria from burn wounds.

Recent studies have explored the beneficial effects of open-to-air strategies on wound healing, especially in the presence of necrotizing infections. In an open-to air strategy, the wound is left open to the external environment with a heat lamp placed at 6 feet to promote drying. However, the spritz of a topical solution will be applied to avoid excessive drying. Based on current evidence, the investigators hypothesize that bacterial load in burn wounds will be lowered when treated with an open-to-air strategy compared to the traditional closed wound approach.
Mineral metabolism disturbance and hyperparathyroidism contribute to arterial stiffness and vascular calcification. The vascular damage, in turn, contributes to significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality of end-stage renal disease patients. Calcimimetics has been suggested to lower the risk of vascular calcification. Role of cinacalcet was demonstrated in animal model but human data are lacking. We design an open label pilot study to evaluate the effect of cinacalcet in 20 peritoneal dialysis patients with inadequately controlled secondary hyperparathyroidism despite standard treatment. The primary outcome is the aortic pulse wave velocity at 26 and 52 months after cinacalcet treatment.