anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: The effects of methylphenidate, a stimulant often prescribed for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), on the development of central nervous system oxygen toxicity (COT) have not been experimentally evaluated.
METHODS: The records of all pure-oxygen-rebreather divers evaluated at our institution from 1975-2022 were assessed. Cases of COT were defined as a new onset of tinnitus, tunnel vision, myoclonus, headache, nausea, loss of consciousness, or seizures resolving within 15 minutes from breathing normobaric air, and matched 4:1 with similar controls. Any medications issued to the diver in the preceding three months, including methylphenidate, were recorded. In the animal arm of this study, male mice were exposed to increasing doses of methylphenidate orally, with subsequent exposure to hyperbaric O₂ until clinically evident seizures were recorded.
RESULTS: Seventy-five cases of COT were identified in divers, occurring at a median of 80 (range 2-240) minutes after dive initiation at a median depth of 5 m (2-13). Hypercarbia was documented in 11 (14.7%) cases. Prescription of methylphenidate in the preceding three months was not associated with increased risk (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.16-3.32) of COT. In mice, increasing methylphenidate exposure dose was associated with significantly longer mean COT latency time being 877 s (95% CI 711-1,043) with doses of 0 mg·kg⁻¹; 1,312 s (95% CI 850-1,773) when given 0.75 mg·kg⁻¹; and 1,500 s (95% CI 988-2,012) with 5 mg·kg⁻¹ (F = 4.635, P = 0.014).
CONCLUSIONS: Observational human data did not demonstrate an association between methylphenidate and an increased risk of COT. Methylphenidate exposure in mice prolongs COT latency and may have protective effects against COT.
INTRODUCTION: Mortality decreases following bariatric surgery. We explored the extent of the reduction and whether or not it reaches the general population level in a large cohort of patients with obesity. This study aimed to compare all-cause mortality between patients with obesity who undergo bariatric surgery and those who do not, with the general Iranian population during the same period.
METHOD: Data from Iran's National Obesity Surgery Database were used to establish a large cohort of patients registered between 2009 and 2019. The current vital status of the patients was determined by utilizing post-surgery follow-up data for those who underwent the operation. For patients without a surgery record, a predefined checklist was filled out through telephone interviews. Death data from the National General Registrar's office were obtained for all cohort members.
RESULTS: Of 13,313 cohort members, 12,915 were eligible for analysis. The median age at the first visit was 38 years, and 78% were women. 6,190 patients (47.9%) underwent bariatric surgery, and 6,725 patients (52.1%) were not yet operated on at the time of analysis. We observed 139 deaths during 53,880 person-years follow-ups. The median follow-ups for operated-on and not operated-on groups were 4 and 4.8 years. The mortality rates among nonoperated patients were 2.89 times higher (standardized mortality ratio [SMR] = 2.89, 95% CI: 2.36-3.53) than those in the general population, while in operated patients, the mortality rate decreased to 1.82 as high (SMR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.34-2.46).
CONCLUSION: The risk of death has been diminished in the operated-on group. It still remains considerably higher than the risk in the general population.
PURPOSE: To obtain the subject preparation suitable for functional diagnosis of digestive canal, not causing aggregation precipitation in the digestive canal even after administration, mobile without obstructing motion of digestive canal due to maintenance of granular state, by using a specific copolymer as a binder or a coating agent. CONSTITUTION: This preparation is obtained by using a copolymer of ethyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate as a binder or a coating agent. The preparation is preferably obtained by adding (B) barium sulfate powder to (B) an emulsion prepared by dispersing the copolymer of ethyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate to water, kneading, granulating and drying. The particle diameter of the component A is preferably 500μm to 5mm. When the component B is used as the binder, 5-15 pts.wt. of the component B is used based on 100 pts.wt. of the component A. When the component B is used as the coating agent, 0.2-3 pts.wt. of the component B is preferably used based on 100 pts.wt. of the component A.
High-risk T1 esophageal adenocarcinoma (HR-T1 EAC) is defined as T1 cancer, with one or more of the following histological criteria: submucosal invasion, poorly or undifferentiated cancer, and/or presence of lympho-vascular invasion. Esophagectomy has long been the only available treatment for these HR-T1 EACs and was considered necessary because of a presumed high risk of lymph node metastases up to 46%. However, endoscopic submucosal disscection have made it possible to radically remove HR-T1 EAC, irrespective of size, while leaving the esophageal anatomy intact. Parallel to this development, new publications demonstrated that the risk of lymph node metastases for HR-T1 EAC may be even <24%. Therefore, indications for endoscopic treatment of HR-T1 EAC are being reconsidered and current research aims at finding the optimal management strategy for this indication, where watchful waiting may proof to be an acceptable strategy in selected patients. In this review, we will discuss the latest developments in this field.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of home-based pelvic floor muscle training in women with urinary incontinence, addressing the difficulties arising from social isolation due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic by utilizing a specialized mobile app.
METHODS: This randomized, single-group clinical trial aimed to assess the efficacy of pelvic floor muscle training guided by a mobile app (Diario Saúde) in women with stress urinary incontinence. Participants were instructed via telephone to engage in pelvic floor muscle training exercises twice a day for 30 days. Pre- and post-treatment, participants completed validated questionnaires regarding urinary symptoms and quality of life through telephone interviews. Additionally, treatment adherence was evaluated.
RESULTS: A total of 156 women were enrolled in the study, with a mean age of 49.3±14.2 years. Significant improvements in urinary incontinence symptoms and quality of life were observed following pelvic floor muscle training guided by the mobile app (p<0.001). Notably, 74.3% of the participants reported performing the exercises with appropriate frequency. Of the participants, 62% reported either complete or substantial improvement in urinary symptoms post-treatment.
CONCLUSION: This study revealed notable enhancements in stress urinary incontinence, urinary storage, and overall quality of life subsequent to pelvic floor muscle training guided by a mobile app, particularly during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. The mobile app demonstrated robust acceptance and adherence among women experiencing urinary incontinence.
Tourette's Disorder is a neuropsychiatric condition that is characterized by the appearance of tics that can be simple or complex in nature. A tic is a sudden, rapid, recurrent, non-rhythmic, stereotyped motor movement or vocalization. There are a very limited number of medications approved for the treatment of Tourette's Disorder. The goal of the current trial is to obtain efficacy, safety, and tolerability data in a controlled condition of a Once-daily aripiprazole formulation in children and adolescents with Tourette's Disorder. The trial has an 8-week long double-blind treatment period after a pretreatment (screening/washout phase), and the subjects will be followed up for 1 month after the last treatment. The Once-daily tablet formulation that will be evaluated in this trial represents a daily dosage regimen that is intended to be administered to children and adolescents.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine for treating urethritis. The traditional Chinese medicine is prepared from traditional Chinese medicinal materials of radix codonopsis, poria cocos, radix rehmanniae, oriental waterplantain rhizome, achyranthes root, artemisia capillaries, bighead atractylodes rhizome, anemarrhena, semen cuscutae, imperata rhizome, licorice, pyrrosia leaf, cluster mallow fruit, desmodium, and the like via water decoction. The medicine is administered in one preparation a day, and the one preparation is administered for two times. The course of treatment is a month. After observation of clinic treatment of 60 patients who suffer from urethritis, the effective rate can reach 98.2%. The traditional Chinese medicine can effectively treat urethritis, and has a function of treating and regulating the body. The medicine is convenient to administer; the therapeutic effect is definite and obvious; and the medicine can relieve pain of a patient suffering from an operation, and is an excellent medicine for treating urethritis. The medicine is suitable for production by a pharmaceutical factory, for clinic application of a hospital, and for administration by a patient.
The parentheral drug is used in veterinary practice. It extends the action of the active substance to seven days upon bio-compatibility with the human body. In effect, these are bio-disintegrating microspheres that are between 1 to 200 mkm in size. They are made of denaturated beef serum albumen and 9 α-fluoro-16 α-methylprednisolone in proportion of 10/0.5 to 10/2 weight parts. The method includes mixing of the water albumen suspension and 9 α-fluoro-16 α-methylprednisolone in oil phase in proportion of 1/100 to 10/100 vol. parts at 100 to 1,500 degrees C and mixing until full albumen meshing and infiltration.
The present invention provides: compounds that have an inhibitory activity on hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (H-PGDS) and are useful for the prevention or treatment of diseases in which the synthase is implicated; and drug compositions that contain the compounds. In specific terms, the present invention provides compounds given by formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. [In formula (I), R1 represents a hydrogen atom, etc.; R2 represents a hydrogen atom, etc.; R3 represents a hydrogen atom, etc.; R4 represents a hydrogen atom, etc.; R5 represents a hydrogen atom, etc.; W represents an oxygen atom, etc.; and X represents a C1-6 alkyl group, etc.]
Familial mediterranean fever (FMF) is a genetic autoinflammatory disease typically diagnosed in childhood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the demographic, clinical, and genetic characteristics of patients aged 18 years and older who were diagnosed with FMF. Patients diagnosed with FMF between 2014 and 2022 at Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine Hospital were included in the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the age of disease onset. Group I included patients with adult-onset (ages 18-40), while group II comprised patients with late onset (ages 40 and above). Subsequently, the 2 groups were compared. A total of 150 patients with a mean age of 32 (18-79) were included in the study. There were 116 patients in group I and 34 (22.7%) in group II. The most common presenting complaint was abdominal pain (91.3%), and the most prevalent complication was amyloidosis (4.7%). No significant differences were observed between age groups regarding clinical findings and symptoms. The most frequent homozygous mutations were M694V (9.3%) and R202Q (1.8%), while the heterozygous mutations were M694V (37.3%) and R202Q (35.5%), respectively. The rate of M694V gene positivity in the adult-onset group was significantly higher compared to the lateonset group (52.9% and 25%, respectively, P = .020). There does not appear to be a significant difference in clinical signs and symptoms between adult-onset and late-onset FMF patients. The higher rate of M694V gene positivity in the adult-onset group suggests that the M694V mutation may be responsible for the early expression of the disease.
Peripheral nerve interfaces (PNIs) are electrical systems designed to integrate with peripheral nerves in patients, such as following central nervous system (CNS) injuries to augment or replace CNS control and restore function. We review the literature for clinical trials and studies containing clinical outcome measures to explore the utility of human applications of PNIs. We discuss the various types of electrodes currently used for PNI systems and their functionalities and limitations. We discuss important design characteristics of PNI systems, including biocompatibility, resolution and specificity, efficacy, and longevity, to highlight their importance in the current and future development of PNIs. The clinical outcomes of PNI systems are also discussed. Finally, we review relevant PNI clinical trials that were conducted, up to the present date, to restore the sensory and motor function of upper or lower limbs in amputees, spinal cord injury patients, or intact individuals and describe their significant findings. This review highlights the current progress in the field of PNIs and serves as a foundation for future development and application of PNI systems.
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to ophthalmology and to devices for the intermittent active substance feed into a naso-lachrymal duct. The device comprises a tube inserted into a lachrymal opening plug cavity. The tube comprises hole, which is fluid-connected to a cavity formed in a tube body and comprising a drug. The device also comprises two or more linearly aligned dosage units for the intermittent feed inside the tube; two or more dosage units for the intermittent feed comprises a core containing the active substance, and a water-soluble encapsulating layer surrounding the core. A boundary layer between the first and second dosage unit for the intermittent feed is soluble in lachrymal fluid. A thickness and physical characteristics of the soluble boundary layer can be adjusted to control time intervals between the instants of the intermittent drug feed.EFFECT: such implementation of the device provides the regulated intermittent feed with the controlled time intervals between the instants of the feed of one or more active substances, including in small amounts, into one or both naso-lachrymal ducts and into the lachrymal fluid through a plug in the lachrymal opening in the form of a linear sequence of feed pulses for delaying or preventing a disorder or a condition of one or more organs, namely eyes, a nose, or a throat.16 cl, 11 dwg
The endothelium is a key regulator of vascular homeostasis and chronic exposure to vascular risk factors alters the regulatory properties of the endothelium, which progresses toward a pro-inflammatory pattern, senescence, and apoptosis. Endothelial cell integrity and function are critical to the prevention of atherosclerosis, and therefore endothelial cell injury and dysfunction are major steps in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. Endothelial dysfunction may be the landmark of active disease process through the course of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and a significant risk factor for future cardiovascular events.

Several studies had reported that not only medical treatment but also exercise could improve physical and vascular functions, dialytic efficiency, quality of sleep, fatigue and depression et al. Exercise could be classified to aerobic, Anaerobic exercise and resistance et. Several studies have shown that regular cycling exercise in hemodialysis patients could improve physical activity, sleep quality, and reduce fatigability. Therefore, exercise plays an important role in hemodialysis patients. According to these benefits, the investigator's study was designed to explore the effects of intradialytic cycling exercise on sleep quality and fatigability, adipokines and myokinins levels in hemodialysis patients.
Cardiometabolic diseases share many modifiable risk factors. However, periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory condition of the gums, is a risk factor that is rarely publicized. This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of oral hygiene practices on the risk, incidence, and/or mortality rate of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Searches were conducted using MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and CINHAL. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-RCTs, and observational studies were included. Eligible studies reported on associations of toothbrushing, interdental cleaning, mouthwash, or toothpaste use, either alone or in combination with CVD, CKD, and/or T2DM outcomes in adults ≥ 18 years. Fifty-five studies were included. Cochrane's risk of bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were used for quality assessment. Data synthesis is narratively presented. Toothbrushing and interdental cleaning were associated with lower risk of developing T2DM or hypertension HR 0.54 [p < 0.001] and a lower mortality risk in those with CVD HR = 0.25 [p = 0.03]. Mouthwash use reportedly increased the risk of developing hypertension and diabetes by 85% and 55%, respectively. This review highlights how simple oral hygiene practices can reduce cardiometabolic risk. Non-dental clinicians could integrate the findings into chronic disease health promotion.
Randomized, double blinded (study site staff, subjects and Sponsor), placebo controlled, adaptive, ascending dose study evaluating administration of ARCT-021 in healthy adult subjects. 0.9% sterile saline will serve as a placebo control. Study drug (ARCT-021 or control) will be administered as an intramuscular (IM) injection. The study comprises two parts. In the Phase 1 part escalating dose levels given as a single injection to younger adults (21 to 55 years) will be evaluated sequentially. Two dose levels will be further evaluated in the Phase 2 part of the study in two expansion cohorts in younger adults (21 to 55 years) and in two elderly subject (56 to 80 years) cohorts.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide health food preventing excess ingestion of cadmium and exhibiting antitumor ability, and to provide a method for easily producing the health food at a low cost.  <P>SOLUTION: The anti-tumor health food has as the raw material the carpophore of Agaricus blazei Murrill containing cadmium and ≥5 pts.wt. of free cyanogen based on 100 pts.wt. of the cadmium. The method for producing the anti-tumor health food as a final product containing ≥5 pts.wt. of the free cyanogen based on 100 pts.wt. of the cadmium as inevitable impurities comprises including a process of extracting in hot water nonfermentable carpophore of Agaricus blazei Murrill and using Agaricus blazei Murrill dry carpophore having cadmium concentration of ≤20 ppm.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
A superporous hydrogel composite is formed by polymerizing one or more ethylenically-unsaturated monomers, and a multiolefinic cross-linking agent, in the presence of particles of a disintegrant and a blowing agent. The disintegrant, which rapidly absorbs water, serves to greatly increase the mechanical strength of the superporous hydrogel and significantly shortens the time required to absorb water and swell. Superporous hydrogel composites prepared by this method have an average pore size in the range of 10 µm to 3,000 µm. Preferred particles of disintegrant include natural and synthetic charged polymers, such as cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose, cross-linked sodium starch glycolate, and cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone. The blowing agent is preferably a compound that releases gas bubbles upon acidification, such as NaHCO3. Improved hydrogel composites formed without a blowing agent are also provided.
Participants with a diagnosis of OUD stopped use of their current opioid prior to coming to the clinic to be assessed for withdrawal symptoms. If confirmed to be in withdrawal, participants were administered 4 mg transmucosal (TM) buprenorphine. If tolerated without sensitivity, clinical signs of sedation, or precipitated withdrawal, 300 mg SUBLOCADE was administered. Following SUBLOCADE administration, participants remained in the clinic for approximately 48 hours and were assessed for safety and tolerability, as well as for any signs of precipitated withdrawal. Participants returned to the clinic weekly, until the end-of-treatment (EOT) visit (28 days after SUBLOCADE administration).
The invention relates to a sulfhydrylated amphipathic chitosan derivative carrier with biological adhesiveness. The derivatives are structured by respectively introducing hydrophilic groups, hydrophobic groups and groups containing sulfydryl. The derivative in an aqueous medium can be self-assembled to nano-micelle so as to load pharmaceutically active or pharmacologically active molecules. After the carrier reaches the mucosa of a living body, the sulfydryl groups can be bonded with surface protein of the mucosa through covalent bonds: disulfide bonds, so that the detaining and acting time of micelle on the surface of the mucosa is prolonged. In addition, the chitosan derivative further has the function of mutual effect in compact connection with cells and opening compact connection with cells of the mucosa. The auxiliary material can be used as the carrier of the pharmaceutically active or pharmacologically active molecules to be used for administration via oral administration, ocular administration, nasal mucosa administration and the like, so that medicine absorption is remarkably improved, and the bioavailability is improved. The carrier provided by the invention is simple in preparation method and manure in process, so that the carrier is suitable for large-scale continuous production.
Taste alteration is a common adverse reaction in patients with chemotherapy. The incidence of taste alteration varies with chemotherapy drugs, ranging from 36% to 84%, among which platinum chemotherapeutic drugs are most likely to cause severe taste alteration. The taste alteration does not pose a serious threat to the life of patients, so it is often ignored by patients and medical staff. Dysgeusia is positively correlated with the loss of appetite, which can directly lead to the loss of appetite and insufficient intake of nutrients in patients, and even stimulate patients' anxiety, psychological pain and other negative emotions. In severe cases, it can cause malnutrition, reduce the chemotherapy compliance of cancer patients, and ultimately reduce the quality of life of patients. Therefore, for patients with platinum chemotherapy, it is necessary to pay close attention to the change of taste during chemotherapy, and apply effective nursing interventions to pay attention as soon as possible, so as to improve the quality of life of patients.
Patients receive olaparib PO BID on days 1-14 of each cycle and ramucirumab IV over 60 minutes on day 1 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 14 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.