anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Over the past decade, major society guidelines have recommended the use of newer P2Y12 inhibitors over clopidogrel for those undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndrome. It is unclear what impact these recommendations had on clinical practice.
METHODS AND RESULTS: All percutaneous coronary intervention procedures (n=534 210) for acute coronary syndrome in England and Wales (April 1, 2010, to March 31, 2022) were retrospectively analyzed, stratified by choice of preprocedural P2Y12 inhibitor (clopidogrel, ticagrelor, and prasugrel). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine odds ratios of receipt of ticagrelor and prasugrel (versus clopidogrel) over time, and predictors of their receipt. Overall, there was a significant increase in receipt of newer P2Y12 inhibitors from 2010 to 2020 (2022 versus 2010: ticagrelor odds ratio, 8.12 [95% CI, 7.67-8.60]; prasugrel odds ratio, 6.14 [95% CI, 5.53-6.81]), more so in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction than non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome indication. The most significant increase in odds of receipt of prasugrel was observed between 2020 and 2022 (P<0.001), following a decline/plateau in its use in earlier years (2011-2019). In contrast, the odds of receipt of ticagrelor significantly increased in earlier years (2012-2017, Ptrend<0.001), after which the trend was stable (Ptrend=0.093).
CONCLUSIONS: Over a 13-year-period, there has been a significant increase in use of newer P2Y12 inhibitors, although uptake of prasugrel use remained significantly lower than ticagrelor. Earlier society guidelines (pre-2017) were associated with the highest rates of ticagrelor use for non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome and ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction cases while the ISAR-REACT 5 (Prospective, Randomized Trial of Ticagrelor Versus Prasugrel in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome) trial and later society guidelines were associated with higher prasugrel use, mainly for ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction indication.
Interconnected mechanisms of ischemia and reperfusion (IR) has increased the interest in IR in vitro experiments using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). We developed a whole-cell computational model of hiPSC-CMs including the electromechanics, a metabolite-sensitive sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) and an oxygen dynamics formulation to investigate IR mechanisms. Moreover, we simulated the effect and action mechanism of levosimendan, which recently showed promising anti-arrhythmic effects in hiPSC-CMs in hypoxia. The model was validated using hiPSC-CM and in vitro animal data. The role of SERCA in causing relaxation dysfunction in IR was anticipated to be comparable to its function in sepsis-induced heart failure. Drug simulations showed that levosimendan counteracts the relaxation dysfunction by utilizing a particular Ca2+-sensitizing mechanism involving Ca2+-bound troponin C and Ca2+ flux to the myofilament, rather than inhibiting SERCA phosphorylation. The model demonstrates extensive characterization and promise for drug development, making it suitable for evaluating IR therapy strategies based on the changing levels of cardiac metabolites, oxygen and molecular pathways.
The invention concerns NMR imaging contrast compositions comprising magnetically responsive species coupled to physiologically acceptable amphipatic organic substrate materials in the form of mixed micelles suspended or dispersed in a physiologically acceptable aqueous liquid carrier. The compositions are particularly useful for diagnostic investigations of the blood-pool. The invention also concerns the preparation of the mixed micelles, as well as of injectable compositions containing the mixed micelles as contrast agents for MRI purpose. Once injected, the mixed micelles of the compositions behave as imaging contrast enhancers, e.g. they will improve the quality and resolution of the electronically processed images obtained during MRI examinations of the circulation and/or circulation targeted organs. The compositions are formulated to protect the particles of the contrast agents from early removal by the reticulo-endothelial (RES) system of the liver and the spleen, so that they will stay in the circulation for a time sufficient to properly image the blood vessels and to be transported to selected organs. MRI imaging of the circulation and of targeted organs can strongly assist in diagnosing possible ailments in human and animal patients.
BACKGROUND: The clinical meaningfulness of the effects of recently approved disease-modifying treatments (DMT) in Alzheimer's disease is under debate. Available evidence is limited to short-term effects on clinical rating scales which may be difficult to interpret and have limited intrinsic meaning to patients. The main value of DMTs accrues over the long term as they are expected to cause a delay or slowing of disease progression. While awaiting such evidence, the translation of short-term effects to time delays or slowing of progression could offer a powerful and readily interpretable representation of clinical outcomes.
METHODS: We simulated disease progression trajectories representing two arms, active and placebo, of a hypothetical clinical trial of a DMT. The placebo arm was simulated based on estimated mean trajectories of clinical dementia rating scale-sum of boxes (CDR-SB) recordings from amyloid-positive subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). The active arm was simulated to show an average slowing of disease progression versus placebo of 20% at each visit. The treatment effects in the simulated trials were estimated with a progression model for repeated measures (PMRM) and a mixed model for repeated measures (MMRM) for comparison. For PMRM, the treatment effect is expressed in units of time (e.g., days) and for MMRM in units of the outcome (e.g., CDR-SB points). PMRM results were implemented in a health economics Markov model extrapolating disease progression and death over 15 years.
RESULTS: The PMRM model estimated a 19% delay in disease progression at 18 months and 20% (~ 7 months delay) at 36 months, while the MMRM model estimated a 25% reduction in CDR-SB (~ 0.5 points) at 36 months. The PMRM model had slightly greater power compared to MMRM. The health economic model based on the estimated time delay suggested an increase in life expectancy (10 months) without extending time in severe stages of disease.
CONCLUSION: PMRM methods can be used to estimate treatment effects in terms of slowing of progression which translates to time metrics that can be readily interpreted and appreciated as meaningful outcomes for patients, care partners, and health care practitioners.
In the intervention group, communication was established with the illustrated communication material. The pain, anxiety scores, and hemodynamic data of the patients were recorded by the intensive care nurse in three consecutive measurements starting with the first communication (0th minute) and at 30th and 60th minutes. On the first postoperative day, the satisfaction of the communication established with them, as well as their evaluations regarding the adequacy of this communication and their comfort levels were determined during the time they received mechanical ventilation therapy.
The participants were divided into two groups according to self-reported smoking habits. The smoker group consisted of individuals with stage 3/4 periodontitis who smoked at least ten cigarettes per day for at least five years.
The proposed pilot project seeks to enhance motivation for lifestyle change in adolescents who are obese. It will test a novel intervention that combines modified MI-based counseling and BDS. We will test the feasibility of the intervention over a 12-week period, with 24-week follow-up compared to use of standard digital scale. All participants will undergo the standard adolescent weight loss program, which includes monthly clinic visits with dietary and physical activity counseling. The MI intervention will include modified MI, brief weekly telephone reinforcement, and use of a BDS. The BDS with its mobile app offers daily feedback through colors, daily missions to promote healthy habits, and weekly healthy tips from nutritionists. In addition to the primary outcome of feasibility (daily weighing) investigators will also explore the intervention's effect on motivation, psychological outcomes and various aspects of feasibility and acceptability.
The proportion of elderly cancer patients is high and is likely to increase due to an increasing cancer incidence and an aging population. The prevalence and impact of age related problems are, however, poorly documented, and elderly patients may therefore be subjects to under-treatment and arbitrary modifications of treatment regimens. In order to improve clinical practice, precise identification of patients with increased vulnerability and risk of adverse outcomes is paramount.

In the present study, eligible patients will be identified by referral to oncology services at one of the participating cancer units. After consent, the baseline registrations will be performed including relevant medical and sociodemographic data, and quality of life. Age related problems will be assessed by clinical indicators covering comorbidity, medication, emotional, physical and cognitive function and nutritional status. Muscle mass will be quantified by analyses of diagnostic CT scans and a biobank will be established for the analyses of inflammatory markers. Upon inclusion, the patients' physician will be asked to rate the patients as fit, frail or intermediate according to the physicians' subjective judgement. The patients will be followed with assessments of quality of life, emotional function and nutritional status (self-report), cognitive and physical function (self-report and performance tests), muscle mass (diagnostic CT scans when available) and inflammatory markers (biobank). Follow up data will also include registry data (hospital records, primary health care registries, The Norwegian Patient Registry, The Norwegian Cancer Registry and the Norwegian Cause of Death registry). We will describe the prevalence of age related problems, investigate the relation between clinical frailty indicators, sarcopenia, inflammatory response and the physicians' subjective evaluation of the patients' health status. The predictive/prognostic impact of frailty indicators on the patients' self-reported physical function and quality of life, hospital and nursing home admittance, treatment toxicity and survival will also be investigated
Human erythrocytes are washed several times with alkaline wash solution, then haemolysed and treated with a cation exchanger in the H<+> form up to pH 5.0 - 5.5, then freed from resin and precipitated stroma material by cold centrifugation and diluted with water. Adjustment to pH 7 - 9 is then carried out using sodium hydroxide solution. The electrolytes are made up to a concentration analogous to blood plasma by additions of salt. After addition of glucose monohydrate, stirring is carried out in vacuo and the oxygen is displaced by nitrogen. The solution obtained is treated with pyridoxal-5-phosphate, with further stirring under nitrogen, then it is rendered weakly alkaline with dilute sodium hydroxide solution and finally sterile filtered. By means of the additional process steps of treatment of the preparation, before making up to the electrolyte concentration of blood plasma and before the addition of glucose monohydrate, with sodium borohydride and then with a dialdehyde and salting out or separation of uncrosslinked haemoglobin by ultrafiltration, the residence time of the preparation in the bloodstream can be increased to 4 - 9 h. The preparation obtained is suitable for intravenous injection and does not cause any pyrogenic reaction.
The exercise will start at 10% of VO2max. However, every six minutes, the level of VO2max will be increased by 10%, up to 50%.
Risk Summary

Use of opioid analgesics for an extended period of time during pregnancy can cause neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome [see WARNINGS]. There are no available data with Pentazocine and Naloxone Tablets in pregnant women to inform a drug-associated risk for major birth defects and miscarriage. In animal reproduction studies, pentazocine administered subcutaneously to pregnant hamsters during the early gestational period produced neural tube defects (i.e., exencephaly and cranioschisis) at 2.6 times the maximum daily dose (MDD). In pregnant rats administered pentazocine:naloxone during organogenesis, there were increased incidences of resorptions and extra ribs at 0.2 times the MDD. There was no evidence of malformations in rats or rabbits [see Data]. Based on animal data, advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively.

Clinical Considerations

Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions

Use of opioid analgesics for an extended period of time during pregnancy for medical or nonmedical purposes can result in physical dependence in the neonate and neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome shortly after birth.

Neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome presents as irritability, hyperactivity and abnormal sleep pattern, high pitched cry, tremor, vomiting, diarrhea and failure to gain weight. The onset, duration, and severity of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome vary based on the specific opioid used, duration of use, timing and amount of last maternal use, and rate of elimination of the drug by the newborn. Observe newborns for symptoms of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome and manage accordingly [see WARNINGS].
Aspects of the present invention relate to the recombinant production of a mature complement system protein. Certain embodiments of the present invention relate to recombinant production of fully mature human complement Factor I protein (CFI). Included herein are details of an expression vector with which to recombinantly express fully mature human CFI from mammalian cells. Further disclosed are chromatography steps with which to purify recombinantly expressed CFI. Certain aspects of the present invention relate to the use of an expression system in gene therapy and the like. Certain embodiments of the present invention relate to use of said vector as a medicament, for example for use in the treatment of complement-mediated disorders.
BACKGROUND: The prognostic role of resection margin status following total (TP) and distal (DP) pancreatectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is insufficiently evaluated. In Denmark, pancreatic surgery, including the postoperative pathological examination of the resection specimens, is confined to four centres, all reporting to the Danish Pancreatic Cancer Database (DPCD). In this Danish population-based nationwide study on TP and DP for PDAC from 2015-2019, based on data from DPCD, we evaluated whether there is a prognostically relevant minimum margin clearance definition and whether certain margins hold independent prognostic information.
METHODS: Clinical and pathological data were retrieved from DPCD and supplemented by review of pathology reports and re-microscopy, if needed. One of the study pathologists performed all re-microscopy. The prognostic significance of margin status was evaluated by dichotomisation of the TP cohort (n = 101) and the DP cohort (n = 90) into involved and uninvolved groups, using different clearance definitions (0.5 - ≥3.0 mm).
RESULTS: Following TP, direct involvement of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) margin had independent prognostic value. When using a clearance definition of ≥ 0.5 or ≥ 1.5 mm for SMA, median survival for R0 versus R1 was 19 (95% CI 14-26) versus 10 (95% CI 5-20) months (p = 0.010), and 21 (95% CI 15-30) versus 10 (95% CI 8-19) months (p = 0.011), respectively. Overall margin status was not of significant prognostic importance following neither DP nor TP.
CONCLUSION: In this Danish population-based nationwide study, SMA margin involvement was a significant isolated prognostic factor following TP, whereas combined assessment of all circumferential margins did not hold statistically significant prognostic information. Following DP, resection margin status did not affect survival.
This intervention includes a combination of high-intensity exercise (10min/day) and computerized cognitive training (20min/day). The software for the latter has been developed by our group, and includes 8 mini-games targeting different cognitive abilities. Both are developed for the MovinCog intervention. The intervention is personalized, based on individual performance.
FIELD: medicine, particularly, addictology. SUBSTANCE: method includes formation in patient of negative conditioned reflex for administration of narcotic against the background of pharmacologic preparation introduction. Method is distinguished by the fact that accessible tracts of narcotic administration in patient are blocked-up by sclerosing of superficial veins of upper and lower extremities and mucous membrane of nasal passages. Negative conditioned reflex for narcotic administration is formed by fractional intravenous injection of adrenaline up to manifestation of nausea and headache. Organism sensibilization to the most spread narcotics is carried out and consequences of their injection are visualized for patient. Then patient is placed into center of soundproof chamber in standing position. Chamber internal surfaces are made of material reflecting sound waves. Patient reads aloud text, and patient's acoustic analyzers are acted upon sound waves arising in translation of text reading to head stereotelephones. Patient's entire body is exposed to complex treatment with acoustic field from 2 to 7 W formed by direct and reflected from chamber walls sound waves arising in translation of patient's voice to loudspeakers located inside chamber. Visual analyzer is exposed to light radiations of red, yellow and green colors. In this case, green light portion amounts up to at least 40% of total duration of light treatment. Feet are subjected to electromagnetic radiation with power of 0.2 W. Acupuncture points are treated with light pulses of helium-neon laser or with alternating current with intensity of 0.6 A. In so doing, all types of treatment are modulated by sound signals. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 1 dwg
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness and midterm follow-up of laparoscopic upper pole ectopic ureteral clipping to treat urinary incontinence in girls with duplex kidneys and non/poorly functioning upper pole moieties. To see if preoperative characteristics increased the likelihood of significant postoperative dilatation and whether this dilation has clinical significance.
METHODS: A database review identified children who had undergone ureteric clipping at our institution. Patient details assessed included: age at presentation, age at procedure, significant past medical history, preoperative investigations, operative time, length of stay, postoperative symptoms, postoperative renal tract ultrasound findings and the need for subsequent intervention.
RESULTS: Six girls underwent clipping between March 2018 and May 2021. The mean age at presentation and surgery were 77months (39-186) and 86months (44-193), respectively. The mean operative time was 94 minutes (range 66-128 minutes). The median length of stay was 1 day (range 0-3days). All the girls were dry immediately after the procedure. During a mean follow-up of 51months (29-66) all children have remained symptom-free and required no further intervention. Two children have developed significant (>30 mm) but stable ureteric dilatation after clipping but have remained asymptomatic and therefore are continuing on conservative follow-up. Both these children had dilated ureters (>10 mm) preoperatively.
CONCLUSION: Ureteric clipping is quick, safe, and effective option in dealing with incontinence due to ectopic upper pole ureters in girls. Children with preoperative ureteric dilation seem to be at increased risk of postoperative dilation. However, as they remain asymptomatic, the clinical significance of this dilatation is unclear.
All patients will have the TENS unit applied: 2 pads from channel 1 will be at T10-L1 and the second set of pads will be from S2-S4; 5 minutes prior to the start of the procedure. Patients will not have the TENS unit turned on.
The aim of the study was to investigate the prognostic significance of the advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) undergoing definite chemo-radiotherapy (CRT). We included 87 patients with LS-SCLC from South Korea, treated between 2005 and 2019 with definite CRT. ALI was calculated using body mass index, serum albumin, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio. We categorized 38 patients into the high ALI group (ALI ≥ 44.3) and 48 into the low ALI group (ALI < 44.3). Patients in the high ALI group exhibited longer overall survival (OS) than patients in the low ALI group. In multivariate analysis, prophylactic cranial irradiation (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.366, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.20-0.66, P = 0.0008), and high ALI (HR = 0.475, 95% CI 0.27-0.84, P = 0.0103) were identified as independent prognostic factors for predicting better OS. Notably, a high ALI score was particularly indicative of longer survival in patients treated with the combination of etoposide and cisplatin. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that a high pretreatment ALI was significantly associated with better OS in patients with LS-SCLC undergoing definite CRT. This suggests that ALI could be a useful tool for predicting prognosis and guiding chemotherapy regimen selections in clinical practice for LS-SCLC.
Following a one hour loading dose of 0.714 mg/kg per infusion pump through a dedicated IV line, the study drug (progesterone) will be administered as a continuous intravenous infusion at 0.5 mg/kg/hr for 71 hours, then tapered over an additional 24 hours. To simplify the infusion protocol, a weight based dosing table will be used by the on-sight pharmacy to mix the correct dose for a 10 cc/hour continuous infusion over the 72 hour steady state period followed by three additional 8-hour decrements (7.5 cc/hr-5.0 cc/hr-2.5 cc/hr) to zero, for a total treatment duration of 96 hour. The progesterone will be combined with a 20% Intralipid mixture for infusion.