anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention provides a use of platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) activity as a biomarker for severe or fatal anaphylaxis in a subject. The level of PAF-AH activity inversely correlates with the susceptibility to severe or fatal anaphylaxis. The use comprises assaying PAF-AH activity in a sample from the subject and comparing the measured activity to a reference value, wherein a lower level of measured PAF-AH activity relative to said reference level of PAF-AH activity indicates a presence of or susceptibility to severe or fatal anaphylaxis in the subject. A method for treating or preventing severe or fatal anaphylaxis in a subject is also provided. The method comprises increasing serum platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) concentration in the subject by administering to the subject, PAF-AH and/or a PAF receptor antagonist. A composition for treating severe or fatal anaphylaxis is also provided.
1. A method for the preparation of citalopram comprising the steps of a) reacting a compound of Formula IV   wherein R<1> is H or C1-6 alkylcarbonyl with a Grignard reagent of 4- fluorophenyl magnesium halogenide; b) reacting the resulting compound of Formula V   wherein R<1> is as defined above, with a Grignard reagent of 3-dimethylaminopropyl magnesium halogenide; c) effecting ring closure of the resulting compound of Formula VI   wherein R<1> is as defined above, and d) converting the resulting compound of Formula VII   wherein R<1> is as defined above, into corresponding 5-cyanoderivative i.e. citalopram, which is isolated as a base or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 2. The method of Claim 1 wherein R<1> is H. 3. The method of Claim 1 wherein R<1> is C1-6 alkylcarbonyl. 4. The method of Claim 3 wherein C1-6 alkyl is methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl. 5. The method of Claim 1-4 wherein the Grignard reagents used is a magnesium halogenide, preferably chloride, bromide or iodide. 6. The method of Claim 5 wherein the Grignard reagent of step a) is the magnesium bromide. 7. The method of Claim 5 wherein the Grignard reagent of step b) is the magnesium chloride. 8. The method of any of Claim 1-7 wherein the ring closure of the compound of Formula VI is effected by acidic ring closure performed by an inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid or an organic acid such as methylsulfonic, p-toluenesulfonic and trifluoroacetic acid. 9. The method of Claim 3 wherein the ring closure of the compound of Formula VI is performed by a basic ring closure via a labile ester, optionally with simultaneous esterification and addition of base. 10. The method of Claim 9 wherein the labile ester is selected from the group consisting of methanesulfonyl, p-toluene sulfonyl, 10-camphorsulfonyl, trifluoroacetyl and trifluoromethanesulfonyl ester and the base is selected from the group consisting of triethyl amine, dimethylaniline and pyridine. 11. The method of Claim 2 wherein the conversion of the group R<1>-NH- into cyano is performed by diazotation followed by reaction with CN<->. 12. The method of Claim 3 wherein the conversion of the group R<1>-NH- to cyano is performed by hydrolysis of the C1-6 alkylcarbonyl amino group R<1>-NH- to the corresponding amino group wherein R<1> is H, followed by diazotation and reaction with CN<->. 13. The process of any of Claim 1-12, wherein the compound of formula VI is separated into optically active enantiomers, thereby obtaining the (S)-enantiomer, before step (c). 14. A compound of Formula V   wherein R<1> is H or C1-6 alkylcarbonyl. 15. A compound of Formula VI   wherein R<1> is H or C1-6 alkylcarbonyl. 16. A compound of Formula VII   wherein R<1> is H or C1-6 alkylcarbonyl.
PURPOSE: To obtain an acidic saccharide, derived from a red algal mucilaginous polysaccharide and expected to have antitumor activities due to excellent immunopotentiating activities and the capability of inducing a tumor necrosis factor(TNF) possessed thereby. CONSTITUTION: This new acidic saccharide contains constituent monosaccharides of A and B. A is L-galactose-6-sulfate or 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose and B is D- galactose or 6-O-methyl-D-galactose. Both A and B are alternately arranged and the bonding mode of the A→B is α 1→+3 and the bonding mode of B→A is β1→4. The monosaccharide constituting the nonreducing terminal is the L- galactose-6-sulfate. The saccharide contains >=2 monosaccharides of L- galactose-6-sulfate as the constituent monosaccharide in one molecule. The number of the constituent monosaccharides is an even number of 4-500. This method for producing the acidic saccharide is provided and the immunopotentiator contains the acidic saccharide as an active ingredient.
The study is a randomized controlled trial of non-invasive imaging to determine diagnosis and management of patients presenting with suspected stable angina. Despite the widespread availability of non-invasive imaging and guideline-enshrined use of optimal medical therapy (OMT), patients with suspected coronary heart disease (CHD) often end up having invasive coronary angiography early in their disease course. Currently \>50% of elective invasive coronary angiograms performed in the UK and US do not lead on to a revascularisation procedure (data from 2008-09 UK Hospital Episode Statistics; American College of Cardiology National Cardiovascular Data Registry (Patel MR, et al., N Engl J Med 2010;362:886-95)). The UK NICE guidelines for the management of chest pain of recent onset (CG95; 2010) could increase this proportion even further. This is inefficient for patients and also of healthcare resources.

More widespread use of non-invasive functional imaging could reduce the rates of unnecessary angiography. We have shown in the CE-MARC study (Lancet 2012) that cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) at 1.5Tesla has a higher diagnostic accuracy for the detection of CHD than single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). CE-MARC 2 will be a three-way randomised controlled trial of patient management in 1200 patients with known or suspected CHD, comparing 3Tesla CMR to SPECT-guided care or NICE guidelines-based management. The primary endpoint will be the reduction of unnecessary invasive angiography (defined by invasive FFR) at 12 months - identified by our expert patients as an important 'patient focused' clinical outcome measure. The secondary objectives will include: 1) assessment of safety of a CMR-guided management strategy 2) cost effectiveness analysis of these strategies.
Disclosed is pharmaceutical solid dosage form comprising an effective amount of metaxalone, at least one inactive powder excipient selected from a group comprising sparingly water-soluble or essentially water-insoluble, natural or synthetic hydrocolloids and polymers, and optionally at least one nonvolatile liquid, prepared by the method comprising the steps of: i. providing an effective amount of metaxalone; ii. providing at least one inactive powder excipient selected from a group comprising natural or synthetic hydrocolloids and polymers; iii. blending the effective amount of metaxalone and the at least one inactive powder excipient; iv. wetting the blend with at least one volatile liquid and optionally at least one non-volatile liquid to form a mix; v. granulating the mix to form a granulation; vi. drying and milling the granulation; vii. mixing with at least one inactive powder excipient; and viii. compressing into a solid dosage form, wherein said dosage form presents improved drug dissolution rate as compared to the metaxalone product of NDA #13-217 (Trade name: Skelaxin). The metaxalone dosage is useful for treating a musculoskeletal condition.
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) of various etiologies causes dyspnea, impairs exercise performance and is associated with reduced quality of life (QoL) and survival. Treatment options include therapy for any underlying causes, pulmonary vasodilator drugs, oxygen and, in selected cases, pulmonary endarterectomy or lung transplantation. Unfortunately, PH specific drugs are expensive, associated with side effects and even combined pharmacological treatment is often not sufficient to achieve clinical benefits. Therefore, novel therapeutic drugs are needed. The investigators have recently demonstrated that sleep related breathing disorders, which are common in PH patients, can be improved by both nocturnal oxygen therapy and acetazolamide (AZA). AZA is a carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor that acts as a respiratory stimulant thereby improving oxygenation and possibly PH. There are even data suggesting that CA-inhibitors have a direct pulmonary vasodilator effect. However, the potential role of AZA in the treatment of PH has not been conclusively studied. Therefore, the purpose of the current project is to investigate, the acute hemodynamic clinical effects of AZA in PH patients.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a leading and growing cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Of the various phenotypes identified, the obesity (or cardiometabolic) phenotype appears to be most common. The purpose of this review is to provide the clinician with an abridged understanding of recent developments that have elucidated obesity/visceral adiposity as a central mechanism linking inflammation/immune dysregulation to the development of the HFpEF syndrome. Recent clinical trials examining the efficacy of pharmacological treatments that target obesity in HFpEF will also be discussed.
RECENT FINDINGS: Recent data indicate that visceral adiposity and insulin resistance in HFpEF serve as key mechanisms driving inflammation and immune dysregulation, which play a critical role in the development of cardiac stiffness, diastolic dysfunction and fibrosis in HFpEF. In obesity, alterations in macrophage polarization, changes in innate and adaptive immune systems and altered myocardial energetics promote metabolic inflammation in HFpEF. Finally, emerging data suggest that inflammatory biomarkers, specifically, IL-6, may provide useful information about HFpEF severity and symptom burden in obesity.
SUMMARY: The obesity phenotype of HFpEF is seen in upward of 80% with HFpEF. Obesity is not just a bystander, but plays an essential role in the pathobiology and clinical course of HFpEF. Targeting overweight/obesity in HFpEF with GLP-1 receptor agonists holds promise in these patients.
Patients receive standard lymphodepleting therapy including fludarabine and cyclophosphamide on days -5 to -3, then receive axicabtagene ciloleucel CAR T-cell infusion. Patients with clinical evidence of ICANS of any grade, or CRS \>= grade 3 receive anakinra SC every 6-12 hours for 12-36 doses over 9 days in the absence of unacceptable toxicity.
The recommended starting dose of testosterone gel 1.62% is 40.5 mg of testosterone (2 pump actuations or a single 40.5 mg packet) applied topically once daily in the morning to the shoulders and upper arms.

The dose can be adjusted between a minimum of 20.25 mg of testosterone (1 pump actuation) and a maximum of 81 mg of testosterone (4 pump actuations). To ensure proper dosing, the dose should be titrated based on the pre-dose morning serum testosterone concentration from a single blood draw at approximately 14 days and 28 days after starting treatment or following dose adjustment. In addition, serum testosterone concentration should be assessed periodically thereafter. Table 1 describes the dose adjustments required at each titration step.

The application site and dose of testosterone gel 1.62% are not interchangeable with other topical testosterone products.
An improved anesthetic nerve block and method is disclosed comprising a dispenser including a storage body, a transfer body and a tip for positioning adjacent to the nerve. A local short acting anesthetic is in the storage body. A physiologic carbonate base is in the storage body. The local short acting anesthetic and the physiologic carbonate base are dispensed from the tip of the dispenser where the local short acting anesthetic facilities the penetration of the physiologic carbonate base through the nerve membrane and into the axon. A local long acting anesthetic is in the storage body. The local long acting anesthetic is dispensed from the tip of the dispenser and penetrates through the nerve membrane and into the axon. The local long acting anesthetic and the physiologic carbonate base cause a precipitate and form a crystallization compound for creating a prolonged local nerve block.
Skeletal growth is characterized by increases in the size of the hard outer layer of bone (cortical bone), and the density of the inner layer of bone (trabecular or "spongy" bone). Children with Crohn disease (CD) have numerous risk factors for impaired bone accumulation, including poor growth, delayed puberty, malnutrition, glucocorticoid therapy and inflammation. We reported that children with CD had significant deficits in trabecular bone mineral density (BMD), cortical dimensions, and muscle mass; bone deficits were strongly associated with muscle deficits. No trials of therapies that build bone or prevent bone breakdown have been conducted in chronic pediatric inflammatory diseases. The capacity to increase bone mass and dimensions in response to mechanical loading is greatest during growth. Recent studies demonstrate that brief daily exposure to low magnitude mechanical stimuli (LMMS) enhances bone mass and quality. This 12-month double blind, placebo controlled randomized trial will evaluate daily 10-minute treatments with LMMS in 160 children with CD. Trabecular BMD, cortical dimensions, and muscle area will be measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT). The LMMS device monitors adherence; these data will be transmitted by modem to the psychologist who will work closely with subjects to optimize adherence. All subjects will be provided with calcium and vitamin D supplements. The primary aims are to determine if treatment with LMMS results in increased trabecular BMD in the lower leg and spine and increased cortical dimensions in the lower leg in children with CD, compared with placebo controls.
The high cognitive and/or emotional demands of competition can lead to a state of mental fatigue which has shown to be detrimental to soccer performance. However, there is a need to further understand the true mental demands of soccer players. The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of motivation and the perceived requirements of the next match on mental fatigue perceived by soccer players over the passing of a season. The combined effect of both variables on the perception of mental fatigue, as well as the influence of the time of the season on perceived mental fatigue, were also analyzed. Twenty-six semi-professional Spanish male players (M = 26.31 ± 5.18 years) participated in the present study, conducted during the 2020-2021 season. Perceived mental fatigue and motivation were measured at each training session. The perceived requirements of the next match were also measured in each of the competitive weeks. Linear mixed models were run with R Studio to examine the influence of motivation and the perceived difficulty of the next match on perceived mental fatigue, the combined effect of both variables on perceived mental fatigue, and the influence of the passing of the season on perceived mental fatigue. The results showed a negative and significant influence of motivation on perceived mental fatigue (p < 0.001) and a positive and significant influence of the perceived requirements of the next match on perceived mental fatigue (p < 0.001). Regarding the combined effect, there was a positive and significant effect (p < 0.01) of the perceived difficulty of the next match on the relation between motivation and perceived mental fatigue. A negative influence of season passage on perceived mental fatigue levels was found (p < 0.001). We recommended coaches to consider using the most motivating training tasks when higher next-match requirements are perceived and to be careful with avoidance strategies for mental fatigue, especially at the beginning of the season.
27 children (ages 3 months to 2 years) and their caregiver referred to the Non-Accidental Brain Injury Care Clinic at the Children's Hospital Colorado (CHCO) were recruited for participation in the study, 7 families consented. One family received the Attachment and Biobehavioral (ABC) intervention. One family discontinued participation. The data collection schedule was 1 month post-injury, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months. Outcomes in multiple dimensions, were assessed including clinical recovery, cognitive, language, and motor functioning, family functioning, caregiver mental health including anxiety, depression, competency, and stress. The investigators also examined service use over time. Analyses will assess trajectories of recovery for both groups using data for all time points.
Osimertinib and Aspirin starting at a dose of 80 mg and 100mg once a day, orally with meals.The participants will undergo a two-month combination therapy, unless there is tumor progression (worsening) or intolerable toxic reactions that necessitate early termination of the drug treatment. Aspirin will be discontinued one week prior to the surgery.
Trivora®-28 Tablets (levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol tablets—triphasic regimen) are available in 28- tablet blister cards. Six blister cards are packaged in a carton. Each cycle contains 28 tablets as follows:

  * Six blue tablets containing 0.05 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.03 mg of ethinyl estradiol. The blue tablets are unscored, round in shape with "WATSON" debossed on one side and "50/30" on the other side.
  * Five white tablets containing 0.075 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.04 mg of ethinyl estradiol. The white tablets are unscored, round in shape with "WATSON" debossed on one side and "75/40" on the other side.
  * Ten pink tablets containing 0.125 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.03 mg of ethinyl estradiol. The pink tablets are unscored, round in shape with "WATSON" debossed on one side and "125/30" on the other side.
  * Seven peach inert tablets. The peach inert tablets are unscored, round in shape with "WATSON" debossed on one side and "P1" on the other side.



Store at 20° - 25°C (68° - 77°F). [See USP controlled room temperature.]

References available upon request.
Patients receive pembrolizumab IV over 25-40 minutes on day 1 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 3 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo CT scan, MRI, bone scan and/or PET scan, as well as optional urine and blood sample collection throughout the study.
Continuous deep sedation for 36 hours. Fever management with a feedback-controlled device if temperature above 37.7°C. A mean arterial pressure target of \>65mmHg.
The invention provides a T cell receptor combined with KRAS-G12V mutant antigen or an antigen-combined fragment and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of biology. The T cell receptor of the mutant antigen or antigen binding fragment thereof comprises complementarity determining regions CDR1 a (SEQ ID No. 1), CDR2 a (SEQ ID No. 2) and CDR3 a (SEQ ID No. 3) of the alpha chain; also included are the complementarity determining regions CDR1 beta (SEQ ID NO. 4), CDR2 beta (SEQ ID NO. 5) and CDR3 beta (SEQ ID NO.6 or 7) of the beta strand. For KRAS-G12V mutation G12V mutation improving the therapeutic effect of cellular immunotherapy potential of KRAS-G12V mutant neoantigen tumors.
INTRODUCTION: Sacroiliac (SI) joint pain is defined as pain localized in the anatomical region of the SI joint. The reported prevalence of SI joint pain among patients with mechanical low back pain varies between 15% and 30%.
METHODS: In this narrative review, the literature on the diagnosis and treatment of SI joint pain was updated and summarized.
RESULTS: Patient's history provides clues on the source of pain. The specificity and sensitivity of provocative maneuvers are relatively high when three or more tests are positive, though recent studies have questioned the predictive value of single or even batteries of provocative tests. Medical imaging is indicated only to rule out red flags for potentially serious conditions. The diagnostic value of SI joint infiltration with local anesthetic remains controversial due to the potential for false-positive and false-negative results. Treatment of SI joint pain ideally consists of a multidisciplinary approach that includes conservative measures as first-line therapies (eg, pharmacological treatment, cognitive-behavioral therapy, manual medicine, exercise therapy and rehabilitation treatment, and if necessary, psychological support). Intra- and extra-articular corticosteroid injections have been documented to produce pain relief for over 3 months in some people. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the L5 dorsal ramus and S1-3 (or 4) lateral branches has been shown to be efficacious in numerous studies, with extensive lesioning strategies (eg, cooled RFA) demonstrating the strongest evidence. The reported rate of complications for SI joint treatments is low.
CONCLUSIONS: SI joint pain should ideally be managed in a multidisciplinary and multimodal manner. When conservative treatment fails, corticosteroid injections and radiofrequency treatment can be considered.
Sarcopenia, a multifactorial systemic disorder, has attracted extensive attention, yet its pathogenesis is not fully understood, partly due to limited research on the relationship between lipid metabolism abnormalities and sarcopenia. Lipidomics offers the possibility to explore this relationship. Our research utilized LC/MS-based nontargeted lipidomics to investigate the lipid profile changes as-sociated with sarcopenia, aiming to enhance understanding of its underlying mechanisms. The study included 40 sarcopenia patients and 40 control subjects matched 1:1 by sex and age. Plasma lipids were detected and quantified, with differential lipids identified through univariate and mul-tivariate statistical analyses. A weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and MetaboAna-lyst were used to identify lipid modules related to the clinical traits of sarcopenia patients and to conduct pathway analysis, respectively. A total of 34 lipid subclasses and 1446 lipid molecules were detected. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) identified 80 differen-tial lipid molecules, including 38 phospholipids. Network analysis revealed that the brown module (encompassing phosphatidylglycerol (PG) lipids) and the yellow module (containing phosphati-dylcholine (PC), phosphatidylserine (PS), and sphingomyelin (SM) lipids) were closely associated with the clinical traits such as maximum grip strength and skeletal muscle mass (SMI). Pathway analysis highlighted the potential role of the glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway in lipid me-tabolism within the context of sarcopenia. These findings suggest a correlation between sarcopenia and lipid metabolism disturbances, providing valuable insights into the disease's underlying mechanisms and indicating potential avenues for further investigation.