anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study of prospective collected data.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between intervertebral vacuum phenomenon (IVP) and clinical parameters in patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis.
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: IVP is a sign of advanced disc degeneration. The correlation between IVP severity and low back pain in patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis has not been previously analyzed.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis who underwent surgery. Vacuum phenomenon was measured on computed tomography scan and classified into mild, moderate, and severe. A lumbar vacuum severity (LVS) scale was developed based on vacuum severity. The associations between IVP at L4/5 and the LVS scale, preoperative and postoperative low back pain, as well as the Oswestry Disability Index was assessed. The association of IVP at L4/5 and the LVS scale and surgical decision-making, defined as decompression alone or decompression and fusion, was assessed through univariable logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 167 patients (52.7% female) were included in the study. The median age was 69 years (interquartile range 62-72). Overall, 100 (59.9%) patients underwent decompression and fusion and 67 (40.1%) underwent decompression alone. The univariable regression demonstrated a significantly increased odds ratio (OR) for back pain in patients with more severe IVP at L4/5 [OR=1.69 (95% CI 1.12-2.60), P =0.01]. The univariable regressions demonstrated a significantly increased OR for increased disability with more severe L4/L5 IVP [OR=1.90 (95% CI 1.04-3.76), P =0.04] and with an increased LVS scale [OR=1.17 (95% CI 1.02-1.35), P =0.02]. IVP severity of the L4/L5 were associated with higher indication for fusion surgery.
CONCLUSION: Our study showed that in patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis undergoing surgery, the severity of vacuum phenomenon at L4/L5 was associated with greater preoperative back pain and worse Oswestry Disability Index. Patients with severe IVP were more likely to undergo fusion.
This review investigated the effectiveness of robotic-assisted gait training (RAGT) in improving gait and balance performance in adults with multiple sclerosis (MS). Databases and registers were searched from inception to December 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that analyzed the effects of RAGT on gait speed, function, balance, fatigue, and adverse events. Three reviewers screened studies for eligibility and extracted key information such as participants and intervention characteristics, as well as outcomes of interest. The reviewers assessed the risk of bias of included studies using Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. From the 948 records identified, 8 RCTs were included, involving 335 participants. The studies have demonstrated significant heterogeneity in patient characteristics, intervention protocols, and outcomes measured. The risk of bias assessment revealed concerns, mainly in terms of performance and detection bias. The evidence is uncertain on the effectiveness of RAGT on balance and gait in people with MS, but a multimodal rehabilitation approach, including RAGT, should be encouraged. No serious adverse events seem to be associated with RAGT, suggesting that these interventions are generally safe for use in people with MS. Further studies of higher methodological quality should be led to confirm these positive results.
This was a multi-center, Phase II, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) who were in the second or third trimester of pregnancy and of their infants. The study was designed to investigate the safety, reactogenicity, immunogenicity, transplacental antibody transfer and interference with infant responses to childhood vaccination of maternal vaccination with PCV-10 or PPV-23 by comparison with placebo.

Mothers were randomized to one of three arms and received PCV-10, PPV-23, or placebo in a blinded fashion. They were followed for safety, immunogenicity and vaccine-specific anti-capsular pneumococcus (PNC) antibody persistence until 24 weeks post-delivery. Women who received placebo were randomized to a second study step and received PCV-10 or PPV-23 at 24 weeks post-delivery. Antibody responses to the vaccine administered 6 months postpartum were measured. Women who received placebo but cannot be randomized to a second study step due to ongoing new pregnancy were enrolled in a third study step and receive open label PCV-10 at the last study visit; no data were collected on these women and they were not followed after vaccine administration. All infants received PCV-10 vaccinations per local standard of care.
The yoga-based physical therapy session will take place in an enclosed, quiet space to minimize outside noise or distraction. The lights will be dimmed, and light, instrumental, calming music will be played throughout. The group will consist of approximately 2-5 individuals depending on the physical capabilities and assistance levels required. The session will consist of an introduction to pranayama (foundational breath-based exercises) followed by asanas, or physical postures, that will be modified according to each individual's physical abilities. The session will close with a 4-5 minute savasana performed in a supine or seated position pending patient physical abilities, which consists of progressive relaxation, guided meditation, and guided motor imagery.
Subjects will receive HG146 PO at every two days intervals (qod) for 14 consecutive days,7 days off, 21 days/ cycle. Escalating doses of HG146 will be evaluated using 3+3 approach.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a complex life-limiting genetic condition that affects the respiratory, digestive, reproductive system, and sweat glands. Advances in treatment have led to improved survival and quality of life. Today, most persons with CF live to adulthood but require highly specialized care at accredited CF Care Centers. The growing and aging CF population combined with the provider workforce shortage have increased the demand for qualified CF providers. Nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs) have been providing CF care for decades, but most learned on the job. The Leadership and Education for Advanced Practice Provider (LEAPP) fellowship in CF care aims to address the provider gap, ease transition to practice, and ensure access to specialized care. Unlike other institutional based joint NP/PA fellowships, LEAPP was designed to train providers at various locations across the national CF care center network. The program is innovative in several ways: (1) LEAPP employs a flipped classroom that pairs an online curriculum with case-based virtual discussion with content experts from the CF care network; (2) fellows receive mentored clinical training at their home CF center; (3) LEAPP partnered with a university-based team to ensure best practices and evaluation for adult learners; and (4) LEAPP promotes organizational enculturation through program components of professional mentoring, quality improvement, and leadership. This innovative approach may be suitable for other complex conditions that require highly specialized care, such as sickle cell disease, spina bifida, and solid organ transplant.
During the last two decades, an epidemic of a severe form of chronic kidney disease (CKD) unrelated to traditional risk factors (diabetes and hypertension) has been recognized in low- to middle-income countries. CKD of unknown aetiology (CKDu) mainly affects young working-age adults, and has become as an important and devastating public health issue. CKDu is a multifactorial disease with associated genetic and environmental risk factors. This review summarizes the current epidemiological evidence on the burden of CKDu and its probable environmental risk factors contributing to CKD in Africa. PubMed/Medline and the African Journals Online databases were searched to identify relevant population-based studies published in the last two decades. In the general population, the burden of CKD attributable to CKDu varied from 19.4% to 79%. Epidemiologic studies have established that environmental factors, including genetics, infectious agents, rural residence, low socioeconomic status, malnutrition, agricultural practise and exposure to agrochemicals, heavy metals, use of traditional herbs, and contaminated water sources or food contribute to the burden of CKD in the region. There is a great need for epidemiological studies exploring the true burden of CKDu and unique geographical distribution, and the role of environmental factors in the development of CKD/CKDu.
Prevalent Cohort A will comprise eligible participants with HAE type I or II who have initiated treatment with lanadelumab at any point in time (i.e., all prevalent cases of exposure to lanadelumab). The total follow-up encompasses a 12-month pre-treatment period, and an up-to 24-month post-treatment period.
The Mediterranean diet, featuring sourdough bread, shows promise in managing metabolic syndrome. This study explored the effects of two sourdough breads, with differing fermentation times but similar nutritional profiles, on inflammation, satiety, and gut microbiota composition in adults with metabolic syndrome. In a double-blind clinical trial, participants were randomized to consume either Elias Boulanger® long-fermentation (48 h) sourdough bread (EBLong) or Elias Boulanger® short-fermentation (2 h) sourdough bread (EBShort) over a two-month period. We assessed clinical parameters, inflammatory biomarkers, satiety-related hormones, and the richness and abundance of gut microbiota at baseline and follow-up. The participants included 31 individuals (mean age, 67, 51.6% female). EBShort was associated with reduced levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM), and all participants, regardless of the intervention, exhibited a decrease in sICAM and diastolic pressure from baseline (p < 0.017). At follow-up, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels were lower in EBShort (-744 pg/mL; 95%CI: -282 to -1210 pg/mL) compared to EBLong. No differences in microbiota richness or abundance were observed. EBShort bread was effective in reducing some inflammation markers. The consumption of sourdough bread may offer potential benefits in reducing inflammation markers in individuals with metabolic syndrome; however, longer fermentation times did not show additional benefits.
In order for tumors to grow and spread to other parts of the body, they need to have a growing blood supply. Tumor cells have been shown to produce substances that stimulate the abnormal growth of new blood vessels that allow the tumor to grow. In adults, blood vessel cells normally divide very rapidly. It is thought that PTK787/ZK222584 may interfere with the growth of new blood vessels. A drug that interferes with the growth of new blood vessels might stop tumor growth, and possibly shrink the tumor by keeping it from receiving nutrients and oxygen supplied by the blood vessels. Since normal blood vessel cells divide very rapidly, it might be possible to stop tumor growth without harming normal tissues.

The purpose of this study is to find out if an investigational drug, PTK787/ZK 222584 is safe and effective in treating relapsed or refractory diffuse large cell lymphoma.
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare inflammatory disease of the breast with clinical features that are often confused with those of breast cancer leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness and cosmetic results of drainage surgery using ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted excision (VAE) for the treatment of IGM at the abscess stage.
METHODS: The time of recovery, cases of further surgical intervention, and cosmetic results were retrospectively collected and analyzed from patients who underwent drainage with VAE or conventional drainage between October 2017 and August 2021.
RESULTS: A total of 65 patients diagnosed with IGM at the abscess stage who underwent drainage surgery with VAE or conventional drainage surgery were enrolled. Overall, 38 (58.5%) underwent conventional drainage surgery and 27 (41.5%) underwent drainage with VAE. We found that patients who underwent VAE recovered much faster than those who underwent traditional drainage surgery (30.1 vs. 48.0 days). Nine (33.3%) patients in the VAE group required further surgical intervention after drainage, whereas 33 (86.8%) patients in the control group underwent another surgery to resect residual lesions. Additionally, patients in the VAE group were more satisfied with the breast appearance, mainly due to less influence of the scars and better symmetry of their breasts.
CONCLUSION: Compared with conventional drainage surgery, drainage surgery using VAE for IGM patients at the abscess stage improved therapeutic and cosmetic outcomes. Furthermore, postoperative management of IGM is crucial.
Histopathology image classification is an important clinical task, and current deep learning-based whole-slide image (WSI) classification methods typically cut WSIs into small patches and cast the problem as multi-instance learning. The mainstream approach is to train a bag-level classifier, but their performance on both slide classification and positive patch localization is limited because the instance-level information is not fully explored. In this article, we propose a negative instance-guided, self-distillation framework to directly train an instance-level classifier end-to-end. Instead of depending only on the self-supervised training of the teacher and the student classifiers in a typical self-distillation framework, we input the true negative instances into the student classifier to guide the classifier to better distinguish positive and negative instances. In addition, we propose a prediction bank to constrain the distribution of pseudo instance labels generated by the teacher classifier to prevent the self-distillation from falling into the degeneration of classifying all instances as negative. We conduct extensive experiments and analysis on three publicly available pathological datasets: CAMELYON16, PANDA, and TCGA, as well as an in-house pathological dataset for cervical cancer lymph node metastasis prediction. The results show that our method outperforms existing methods by a large margin. Code will be publicly available.
A biologically pure polypeptide comprises a biologically pure, isolated peptides capable of specifically binding to a distinct anti-Cryptosporidium antibody. The polypeptides bind to different subgroups of anti-Cryptosporidium antibodies that selectively bind the > 900 kD, the 68 kD and 95 kD, the 45 kD, the 23 kD, or the 15 kD and 32 to 35 kD app. MW polypeptides from C. parvum among other Cryptosporidium polypeptides. Biologically pure DNA and RNA segments encode the polypeptides of this invention. Fusion proteins comprise at least one of the polypeptides and a second unrelated polypeptide operably coupled to the polypeptide of the invention. Fusion polydeoxyribonucleotides or deoxypolynucleotides comprise the RNA or DNA of the invention and a second unrelated deoxyribopolynucleotide or deoxypolynucleotide. A hybrid vector capable of replication, transcription and expression of DNA segments operably coupled thereto carries a DNA sequence expressing the polypeptide of this invention or a fusion protein thereof. Hybrid eukaryotic and prokaryotic hosts carry the hybrid vector of the invention. The polypeptides or anti-Cryptosporidium antibodies are used to retard, inhibit or counter Cryptosporidium infection and/or development in a subject. Infection diagnostic methods employ at least one of the polypeptides or anti-Cryptosporidium antibodies. Diagnostic kits comprise at least one of the polypeptides or anti-Cryptosporidium antibodies, and instructions for their use.
BACKGROUND: Subtypes of sinusitis have different symptoms and prognoses due to different pathogens. Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (OMS) mainly occurs unilaterally and is different from chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) usually occurring bilaterally in terms of clinical characteristics. However, comprehensive microbiological comparisons between OMS and CRS have never been systematically conducted and most comparisons are methodologically biased. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the microbiology associated with OMS and CRS through a meta-analysis approach in order to provide evidence for differential diagnosis of OMS and CRS from a microbiological perspective.
METHODS: The databases PubMed and CNKI were searched from their inception to July 2023. A random-effects model was employed to derive the pooled prevalence estimates of the identified bacterial species or genera.
RESULTS: The 17 represented studies included 6 concerning OMS, 12 concerning CRS, and 4 concerning normal sinus, yielding 191, 610, and 92 samples, respectively. Though not statistically significant, the prevalence of Peptostreptococcus and Prevotella was generally higher in OMS compared to CRS. Notably, Fusobacterium was identified as the only genus with a significantly higher prevalence in OMS compared to CRS.
CONCLUSION: Fusobacterium was significantly more prevalent in OMS compared with CRS, while Staphylococcus aureus was more prevalent in CRS than in OMS. Such differences in bacterial profile may partly explain the distinct pathology observed and contribute to the development of novel strategies for diagnosis and therapeutic interventions in OMS.
Participants with a score less than 48 on the Medical Research Council (MRC) Scale will be classified as having ICU acquired weakness. All participants will have their skeletal muscles tested with a clinical electrical stimulator.
The following table enumerates the percentage of patients with treatment-emergent extrapyramidal symptoms as assessed by categorical analyses of formal rating scales during acute therapy in a controlled clinical trial comparing oral olanzapine at 3 fixed doses with placebo in the treatment of schizophrenia in a 6-week trial. 

The following table enumerates the percentage of patients with treatment-emergent extrapyramidal symptoms as assessed by spontaneously reported adverse reactions during acute therapy in the same controlled clinical trial comparing olanzapine at 3 fixed doses with placebo in the treatment of schizophrenia in a 6-week trial.

The following table enumerates the percentage of adolescent patients with treatment-emergent extrapyramidal symptoms as assessed by spontaneously reported adverse reactions during acute therapy (dose range: 2.5 to 20 mg/day).

The following table enumerates the percentage of patients with treatment-emergent extrapyramidal symptoms as assessed by categorical analyses of formal rating scales during controlled clinical trials comparing fixed doses of intramuscular olanzapine for injection with placebo in agitation. Patients in each dose group could receive up to 3 injections during the trials [see Clinical Studies (14.3)]. Patient assessments were conducted during the 24 hours following the initial dose of intramuscular olanzapine for injection.

The following table enumerates the percentage of patients with treatment-emergent extrapyramidal symptoms as assessed by spontaneously reported adverse reactions in the same controlled clinical trial comparing fixed doses of intramuscular olanzapine for injection with placebo in agitated patients with schizophrenia.

Dystonia, Class Effect: Symptoms of dystonia, prolonged abnormal contractions of muscle groups, may occur in susceptible individuals during the first few days of treatment. Dystonic symptoms include: spasm of the neck muscles, sometimes progressing to tightness of the throat, swallowing difficulty, difficulty breathing, and/or protrusion of the tongue. While these symptoms can occur at low doses, the frequency and severity are greater with high potency and at higher doses of first generation antipsychotic drugs. In general, an elevated risk of acute dystonia may be observed in males and younger age groups receiving antipsychotics; however, events of dystonia have been reported infrequently (<1%) with olanzapine use.
Randomized phase II clinical trial: with 1:1 randomization between cisplatin alone, and cisplatin + sodium thiosulfate and mannitol. Participants will first be recruited into a 2-year pilot feasibility study of 24 patients (12 in each arm). The pilot study will be performed to evaluate the feasibility of the trial as defined by the following factors: treatment outcomes, occurrence of adverse events, logistics of treatment delivery, as well as dropout and recruitment rates. The results from the pilot study will support the safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of the sodium thiosuldate and mannitol treatment, confirm feasibility using the factors mentioned above, and serve as an earlier-phase developmental function to enhance the probability of success of the subsequent clinical trial. Participants will complete various pre-treatment hearing tests. Participants will receive sodium thiosulfate and mannitol 4 - 8 hours following chemotherapy treatment. The control group will not receive the experimental intervention. Follow-up hearing tests will be performed at select time intervals following completion of their cancer treatment.
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling plays a significant role in multiple biological processes, including inflammation, immunity, and cell death. However, its specific impact on the cochlea remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of TGF-β signaling suppression on auditory function and cochlear pathology in mice with kanamycin-induced ototoxicity. Kanamycin and furosemide (KM-FS) were systemically administered to 8-week-old C57/BL6 mice, followed by immediate topical application of a TGF-β receptor inhibitor (TGF-βRI) onto the round window membrane. Results showed significant TGF-β receptor upregulation in spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) after KM-FA ototoxicity, whereas expression levels in the TGF-βRI treated group remained unchanged. Interestingly, despite no significant change in cochlear TGF-β expression after KM-FS ototoxicity, TGF-βRI treatment resulted in a significant decrease in TGF-β signaling. Regarding auditory function, TGF-βRI treatment offered no therapeutic effects on hearing thresholds and hair cell survival following KM-FS ototoxicity. However, SGN loss and macrophage infiltration were significantly increased with TGF-βRI treatment. These results imply that inhibition of TGF-β signaling after KM-FS ototoxicity promotes cochlear inflammation and SGN degeneration.
Microneedles and their use as a physical skin permeation enhancement technique facilitate drug delivery across the skin in therapeutically relevant concentrations. Micropores created in the skin by MNs reseal because of normal healing processes of the skin, thus limiting the duration of the drug delivery window. Pore lifetime enhancement strategies can increase effectiveness of MNs as a drug delivery mechanism by prolonging the delivery window. Fluvastatin (FLU) was used to enhance pore lifetime by inhibiting the synthesis of cholesterol, a major component of the stratum corneum lipids. The skin recovered within a 30-45-min time period following the removal of occlusion, and there was no significant irritation observed due to the treatment compared to the control sites. Thus, it can be concluded that localized skin treatment with FLU can be used to extend micropore lifetime and deliver drugs for up to 7 days across MN-treated skin.