anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Introduction: Ureteral stents can cause significant patient discomfort, yet the temporal dynamics and impact on activities remain poorly characterized. We employed an automated tool to collect daily ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) regarding pain and the ability to work following ureteroscopy with stenting. Our aims were to assess feasibility and better characterize the postoperative patient experience. Materials and Methods: As an exploratory endpoint within an ongoing clinical trial, patients undergoing ureteroscopy with stenting were asked to complete daily EMAs for 10 days postoperatively or until the stent was removed. Questionnaires were distributed through text messages and included a pain scale (0-10) and a single item from the validated Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Activities instrument, as well as days missed from work or school. Results: Among the first 65 trial participants, 59 completed at least 1 EMA (overall response rate 91%). Response rates were >85% for each time point through postoperative day (POD)10. Median respondent age was 58 years (interquartile range [IQR] 50-67), and 56% were female. Stones were 54% renal and 46% ureteral, with a median diameter of 9 mm (IQR 7-10). Median stent dwell time was 7 days (IQR 6-8). Pain scores were highest on POD1 (median score 4) and declined on each subsequent day, reaching a median score of 2 on POD5. Sixty-three percent of patients on POD1 reported that they had trouble performing their usual work at least sometimes, but by POD5, this was <50% of patients. Patients who work or attend school reported a median of 1 day missed (IQR 0-2). Conclusions: An automated daily EMA system for capturing patient-reported outcomes was demonstrated to be feasible with sustained excellent engagement. Patients with stents reported the worst pain and interference with work on POD1, with steady improvements thereafter, and by POD5, the majority of patients had minimal pain or trouble performing their usual work. This work is associated with a registered clinical trial [NCT05026710].
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the application value of dynamic and static complementary balance theory-based functional exercise combined with stepwise rehabilitation training in postoperative hip function recovery in patients undergoing total hip replacement (THR).
METHODS: The clinical data of 118 inpatients undergoing THR between June 2022 and June 2023 were retrospectively collected. Among the patients, 57 were given perioperative stepwise rehabilitation training (the control group), and 61 were given a combination of functional exercise based on static and dynamic complementary balance theory and stepwise rehabilitation training during the perioperative period (the combination group). The postoperative recovery status and the incidence of postoperative complications in the two groups were recorded. During postoperative recovery, the patients were assessed for pain with the visual analogue scale (VAS) and for self-efficacy with the Self-Efficacy for Rehabilitation Outcome Scale (SER). Hip function was measured and compared between the two groups at 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks after surgery.
RESULTS: With regard to the primary outcome indicator, the postoperative length-of-stay was (7.63±1.36) d in the combination group, which was shorter than the (8.22±1.48) d in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.257, P=0.026). As for the secondary outcome indicators, no statistically significant difference was observed in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (4.92% vs. 14.04%) (P>0.05). The perioperative VAS scores in the two groups showed an interaction effect according to the repeated measurement variance test (P<0.05). The postoperative VAS scores in both groups declined significantly compared to the preoperative scores (P<0.05), and the VAS score decreased gradually over time after surgery (P<0.05). The VAS scores in the combination group at 7 and 14 days after surgery were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). At 14 days after surgery, the scores for the coping and the task dimensions and the total score of SER increased in both groups compared with those at 3 days after surgery (P<0.05), with the combination group showing higher scores than the control group did (P<0.05). After surgery, the scores for the dimensions of deformity, pain, function, and joint mobility and the total score of the Harris Hip Scale revealed interaction effects in the two groups according to the repeated measurement variance test (P<0.05), with these scores increasing gradually over time after surgery (P<0.05), and the scores in the combination group were higher at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery compared to those in the control group (P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: The combination of functional exercise based on dynamic and static complementary balance theory and stepwise rehabilitation training shows an advantage over stepwise rehabilitation training alone in enhancing the self-efficacy of THR patients, relieving the postoperative pain, shortening the length-of-stay, and improving the hip function in patients.
Subjects randomized to this arm will receive placebo two days before surgery -- allowing three doses of placebo before incision -- and these will be continued until patients are either discharged from the hospital or have completed a 3-day postoperative course (6 days of placebo), whichever occurs earlier. If patients are unable to take oral medications, the enteral route via nasogastric tube (at our institution, nasogastric tubes are routinely placed for both lumbar and thoracic instrumentation) will be used to deliver either placebo or the statin, as no parenteral form of this drug is currently available.
PURPOSE:To provide a dentifrice composition containing albumen, exhibiting excellent enzyme-inhibiting action, antibacterial action and foaming action, having stability and safety and useful for the prevention of dental caries and prevention and therapy of periodontosis. CONSTITUTION:The objective dentifrice can be prepared by adding 0.05-20wt.%. preferably 0.1-10wt.% (in terms of dry weight based on the whole dentifrice composition) of albumen to a dentifrice composition at a proper stage in the conventional dentifrice preparation process. The dentifrice may be compounded usually with abrasive, surfactant, wetting agent, binder, flavor, sweetener, preservative, salt, antibacterial agent, enzyme, etc. It can be prepared in the form of toothpaste, tooth powder, wet dentifrice (semi-paste dentifrice), pasta, liquid dentifrice, etc. In the case of liquid dentifrice, it can be used in a portable state such as granule or tablet.
An adenoviral supervector system is disclosed that is capable of expressing more than 7.5 kilobases of heterologous DNA in a replication defective adenoviral vector. The supervector system comprises an adenoviral vector construct and a helper cell. The vector construct is capable of being replicated and packaged into a virion particle in the helper cell.  In particular, the helper cell expresses DNA from the E2 region of the adenovirus 5 genome and complements deletions in that region in the vector construct. In certain embodiments, the disclosed invention comprises tissue specific expression of up to 30 kb of heterologous DNA directed by an adenoviral vector. Also disclosed are methods of transferring heterologous DNA into mammalian cells.
Smoking cessation medications have the potential to affect the functioning of the nervous system, leading to sleep disturbances. Our study aimed to compare the sleep-related side effects (such as insomnia, abnormal dreams, nightmares, and somnolence) induced by different smoking cessation medications in non-psychiatric smokers. We conducted a thorough search of five electronic databases (Cochrane, EMBASE, PubMed, PsycInfo, and Web of Science) for randomized controlled trials. This study was registered with the PROSPERO (registration number CRD42022347976). A total of 79 full-text articles, encompassing 36,731 participants, were included in our analysis. Individuals using bupropion, bupropion in combination with a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist (NRA), and bupropion in conjunction with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) exhibited a higher likelihood of experiencing insomnia compared to those using NRT alone. Bupropion plus NRA had the highest ranking on the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) for insomnia risk, while placebo had the lowest ranking. Additionally, NRA plus NRT ranked first for abnormal dream outcomes, NRA alone for nightmares, and nortriptyline for somnolence, based on the SUCRA results. Healthcare providers should exercise caution when prescribing smoking cessation drugs, particularly in consideration of their potential sleep-related side effects.
BACKGROUND: An 8-year prediction of the Framingham Diabetes Risk Model (FDRM) was proposed, but the predictor has a gap with current clinical standards. Therefore, we evaluated the validity of the original FDRM in Korean population data, developed a modified FDRM by redefining the predictors based on current knowledge, and evaluated the internal and external validity.
METHODS: Using data from a community-based cohort in Korea (n = 5,409), we calculated the probability of diabetes through FDRM, and developed a modified FDRM based on modified definitions of hypertension (HTN) and diabetes. We also added clinical features related to diabetes to the predictive model. Model performance was evaluated and compared by area under the curve (AUC).
RESULTS: During the 8-year follow-up, the cumulative incidence of diabetes was 8.5%. The modified FDRM consisted of age, obesity, HTN, hypo-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, elevated triglyceride, fasting glucose, and hemoglobin A1c. The expanded clinical model added γ-glutamyl transpeptidase to the modified FDRM. The FDRM showed an estimated AUC of 0.71, and the model's performance improved to an AUC of 0.82 after applying the redefined predictor. Adding clinical features (AUC = 0.83) to the modified FDRM further improved in discrimination, but this was not maintained in the validation data set. External validation was evaluated on population-based cohort data and both modified models performed well, with AUC above 0.82.
CONCLUSION: The performance of FDRM in the Korean population was found to be acceptable for predicting diabetes, but it was improved when corrected with redefined predictors. The validity of the modified model needs to be further evaluated.
Patients randomized to the SR-B Arm receive induction, post-induction and maintenance therapy according to the protocol ALL-R3. In this arm patients are randomized not to receive epratuzumab. This randomization has been stopped pre-term on 1.2.2019 since the investigational product is not provided anymore by the manufacturer.
Part A vaccinees in the "low dose" arm will receive the lower dosing (20 μg FMP013 per 0.5 mL ALFQ) approximately 2 weeks prior to each vaccination. Vaccination to be delivered on 0,1,2 month.
INTRODUCTION: Cerebral palsy (CP) presents a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with a spectrum of motor impairments stemming from early brain injury. Whereas CP is traditionally viewed as a non-progressive condition, emerging evidence suggests a progressive decline in mobility and function, particularly in adulthood. Despite the prevalence of self-reported age-related gait decline in adults with CP, objective evidence supporting this phenomenon remains limited. Moreover, mechanistic insights into these functional alterations and their comparison with typically developing (TD) peers are lacking. To address this gap, our study aims to objectively assess age-related changes in gait performance among individuals with CP while examining physiological differences compared with TD peers.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This protocol will compare the mobility of individuals with and without CP within two age groups (18-25 and 35-50 years old). Participants at Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I-II at age 18 will be invited to partake in the study. Every participant will be invited to complete four visits investigating a wide range of mobility related measures: walking performance, muscle strength, cardiopulmonary performance, fatigability, cost of walking and quantitative gait analysis. Through this comprehensive analysis encompassing gait performance metrics, self-reported outcomes, muscle strength, biomechanics and metabolical cost of walking, and fatigability, we seek to elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving age-related gait decline in adults with CP and inform targeted interventions to maintain function and quality of life.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study has been approved by the French ethics board (#2022-A02510-43) and will be communicated through conferences, articles and to participants through layman terms.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT06163950.
After identifying the epidural space with the loss of resistance technique, a standard flexible epidural catheter will be threaded 4 cm into the epidural space. A standard test dose of 3 mL of 1.5% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:200,000 will be given through the catheter. If positive for vascular or intrathecal placement, procedure to be repeated at different interspace. If negative, catheter will be secured and slowly dosed with 5-10 mL of 0.25% bupivicaine through epidural catheter with a goal dermatome level of T6. After obtaining the dermatome level of sensory blockade, a standard solution consisting of 0.125% bupivicaine with 2 mcg of fentanyl/mL of solution will be started at 10 mL/hour with a PCEA option of 8 mL every 45 minutes. If a patient requires redosing, 5-10 mL of 0.25% bupivicaine will be injected slowly through epidural catheter with a goal dermatome level of T6. No systemic opioids will be given.
Citalopram hydrobromide causes dose-dependent QTc prolongation an ECG abnormality that has been associated with Torsade de Pointes (TdP), ventricular tachycardia, and sudden death, all of which have been observed in postmarketing reports for citalopram [see Adverse Reactions 6.2)]. 

Because of the risk of QTc prolongation at higher citalopram hydrobromide doses, it is recommended that citalopram hydrobromide not be given at doses above 40 mg once daily [see Dosage and Administration (2.1), Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)].  


Citalopram hydrobromide should be avoided in patients with congenital long QT syndrome, bradycardia, hypokalemia or hypomagnesemia, recent acute myocardial infarction, or uncompensated heart failure unless the benefits outweigh the risks for a particular patient. Citalopram hydrobromide should also be avoided in patients who are taking other drugs that prolong the QTc interval [see Drug Interactions (7)]. Such drugs include Class 1A (e.g., quinidine, procainamide) or Class III (e.g., amiodarone, sotalol) antiarrhythmic medications, antipsychotic medications (e.g., chlorpromazine, thioridazine), antibiotics (e.g., gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin), or any other class of medications known to prolong the QTc interval (e.g., pentamidine, levomethadyl acetate, methadone).  


The citalopram dose should be limited in certain populations. The maximum dose should be limited to 20 mg once daily in patients who are CYP2C19 poor metabolizers or those patients receiving concomitant cimetidine or another CYP2C19 inhibitor, since higher citalopram exposures would be expected. The maximum dose should also be limited to 20 mg once daily in patients with hepatic impairment and in patients who are greater than 60 years of age because of expected higher exposures [see Dosage and Administration (2.3, 2.4), Drug Interactions (7), Use in Specific Populations (8.5), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].  


Electrolyte and/or ECG monitoring is recommended in certain circumstances. Patients being considered for treatment with citalopram hydrobromide who are at risk for significant electrolyte disturbances should have baseline serum potassium and magnesium measurements with periodic monitoring. Hypokalemia (and/or hypomagnesemia) may increase the risk of QTc prolongation and arrhythmia, and should be corrected prior to initiation of treatment and periodically monitored. ECG monitoring is recommended in patients for whom citalopram hydrobromide use is not recommended unless the benefits clearly outweigh the risks for a particular patient (see above). These include those patients with the cardiac conditions noted above, and those taking other drugs that may prolong the QTc interval.  


Discontinue citalopram hydrobromide in patients who are found to have persistent QTc measurements >500 ms. If patients taking citalopram hydrobromide experience symptoms that could indicate the occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias, e.g., dizziness, palpitations, or syncope, the prescriber should initiate further evaluation, including cardiac monitoring.
The Y chromosome has recognized functions in promoting male sex determination and regulating aspects of fertility. However, recent work has demonstrated important roles for the Y chromosome and Y-encoded genes in multiple domains of male health, including cancer. It is well established that males experience shorter lifespans than females, and this sex bias on overall mortality is accentuated in populations with longer life expectancy, in part related to elevated rates of cancer. The majority of human malignancies exhibit a sex bias with elevated frequencies in males. For many of these cancer types, the disparity has not been explained by environmental risk factors such as tobacco use. Notably, loss of the Y chromosome (LOY) detected in blood cells, termed mosaic LOY, is a common event that is related to advancing age and is associated with a shortened lifespan. Mosaic LOY is linked to increased incidence and mortality across a range of malignancies. Furthermore, tumors arising in different anatomic sites exhibit different frequencies of partial or complete Y chromosome loss. Causal oncogenic or tumor-suppressive roles have been documented for several Y-encoded genes, such as lysine-specific demethylase 5 D, that exert pleiotropic effects on cellular functions by virtue of genome-wide regulation of gene activity. In this review, we discuss aspects of the Y chromosome relevant to oncology. The recent completion of the entire human Y-chromosome sequence provides a reference map of Y-encoded genes and regulatory elements to enable causal molecular studies that may explain and exploit the marked disparity in male cancer risk and mortality.
FIELD: medicine, neurology, reflexotherapy. SUBSTANCE: after two-dlong adaptation one should daily conduct ultrasound inhalations with chloride-hydrocarbonate-sodium mineral water. Since the fourth day of therapy it is necessary to take general hydrogen sulfide baths in a day, eight procedures/course. Since the fifth day of therapy one should carry out daily acupuncture therapy by inserting needles into corporal acupuncture points by the second braking variant. The method prolongs remission duration. EFFECT: higher efficiency of therapy. 1 ex, 7 tbl
BACKGROUND: Emergencies and emergency surgeries are a central part of everyday surgical care in Germany. However, it is unclear how emergency surgery is practically trained in clinics on a daily basis and what training concept is underlying. Therefore, the aim of this survey study was to capture the status quo of emergency surgical training of German general and visceral surgeons.
METHODS: The members of the German Society for General and Visceral Surgery were surveyed online (n = 5281). The questionnaire included demographic data and expertise in surgery and assistance in emergency surgery regarding common emergency surgical operations. In addition, further training measures in emergency surgery and their support by employers were queried.
RESULTS: Only complete questionnaires (n = 184, response rate 3.5%) were included in the analysis. Most participants were in training (n = 69; 38%), followed by senior physicians (n = 52; 29%), specialists (n = 31; 17%) and chief physicians (n = 30; 17%). 64% of the participants were employed at university hospitals or maximum care hospitals. Regarding further training opportunities, in-clinic shock room training was most frequently used. Outside of their own clinic, the ATLS course was most frequently mentioned. Operations for cholecystitis and appendicitis as well as emergency stoma procedures are the most common emergency procedures. There was a strong difference in the frequency of operated cases depending on the level of training. For operations to treat acute abdominal traumas (hemostasis of liver and spleen, packing) as well as outside of visceral surgery, only low competence was reported. Over 90% of survey participants consider emergency surgery to be an indispensable core competence. Neither in the old (76%) nor in the new training regulations (47%) is emergency surgery adequately represented according to the participants' assessment. There was a significantly lower prevalence of the "sub-steps concept" in emergency surgery at 38% compared to elective surgery (44%). Important elements of imparting skills in emergency surgery are simulation and courses as well as operative sub-steps, according to the majority of survey participants.
CONCLUSION: The results show that general and visceral surgeons in Germany are introduced to emergency surgery too little structured during further training and at specialist level. The survey participants had, as expected, hardly any experience in emergency surgery outside of visceral surgery but surprisingly also little experience in visceral surgical trauma care. There is a need to discuss the future organization of emergency surgical training. Adequate simulation structures and extracurricular courses could contribute to an improvement in this respect.
BACKGROUND: The sural nerve is a somatosensory nerve that provides sensation to the posterolateral aspect of the lower leg and the lateral part of the ankle and foot. Due to its location and anatomical properties, it is often used as an autologous nerve graft. However, the nerve harvest can be complicated by the presence of side branches. The objective of this study was to investigate the anatomy of the sural nerve and to map its side branches. This information can be used to predict the localization of separate incisions during the stair-step incisions technique for nerve harvest, thereby reducing the risk of complications.
METHODS: The study involved the dissection of 50 adult cadaveric legs (25 left and 25 right) obtained from 27 Central European cadavers. The focus of the dissection was to identify the sural nerve, small saphenous vein, and surrounding anatomical structures. Detailed measurements were taken on the side branches of the sural nerve, tributaries of the small saphenous vein, and their interrelationship.
RESULTS: The average number of sural nerve side branches in a single leg was 4.2±1.9. These side branches were categorized into six groups based on their location and course: mediodistal, medioproximal, lateroproximal, laterodistal, medial perpendicular, and lateral perpendicular. Specific patterns of combination of these side branches were also identified and described. The branching point of the sural nerve was found to be 5.8±2.7 cm proximal to the lateral malleolus, whereas the small saphenous vein branching point was located more distally, 4.5 ± 2.8 cm proximal to the lateral malleolus. The highest density of sural nerve side branches was found 2.1-6.0 cm above the lateral malleolus.
CONCLUSION: This study presents valuable data about the relationship between the sural nerve and the surrounding anatomical structures in the distal part of the leg, including the identification of its side branches and their relevance during nerve harvest procedures. On the basis of the most frequent locations of side branches, a three-incision-technique for nerve harvest is proposed.