anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Nurses working at Akdeniz University Hospital became the intervention group. The nurses who accepted to participate in the study were divided into groups of 5-15 people. Pre-test was applied to nurses who accepted the research. Nurses were given 4-hour group trainings. A booklet on the subject prepared by the researchers was given. Three interim interviews were conducted in the subsequent 3-month period. Six separate posters were posted in the clinics. Weekly reminder messages were sent via WhatsApp. At the end of the third month, post-test data were collected from the nurses.
In patients with neovascular AMD, following monthly intravitreal administration of 0.5 mg ranibizumab, mean (±SD) maximum ranibizumab serum concentrations were 1.7 (± 1.1) ng/mL. These concentrations were below the concentration range of ranibizumab (11 to 27 ng/mL) that was necessary to inhibit the biological activity of VEGF-A by 50%, as measured in an in vitro cellular proliferation assay (based on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)). No significant change from baseline was observed in the mean plasma VEGF concentrations following three monthly 0.5 mg intravitreal injections. The maximum observed serum concentration was dose proportional over the dose range of 0.05 to 2 mg/eye. Serum ranibizumab concentrations in RVO and DME and DR patients were similar to those observed in neovascular AMD patients.

Based on a population pharmacokinetic analysis of patients with neovascular AMD, maximum serum concentrations are predicted to be reached at approximately 1 day after monthly intravitreal administration of ranibizumab 0.5 mg/eye. Based on the disappearance of ranibizumab from serum, the estimated average vitreous elimination half-life was approximately 9 days. Steady-state minimum concentration is predicted to be 0.22 ng/mL with a monthly dosing regimen. In humans, serum ranibizumab concentrations are predicted to be approximately 90,000-fold lower than vitreal concentrations.

In pharmacokinetic covariate analyses, 48% (520/1091) of patients had renal impairment (35% mild, 11% moderate, and 2% severe). Because the increases in plasma ranibizumab exposures in these patients are not considered clinically significant, no dosage adjustment is needed based on renal impairment status.
ADDITIVE SOLUTION FORMULA 3 (AS-3) is designed to be added to packed RBC collected in apheresis procedures, and acts to preserve and extend the shelf life of packed RBC products for later transfusion to patients. The solution is intended to be metered by an apheresis device during apheresis procedures or added manually after a collection.

Additive Solution Formula 3 (AS-3) is a clear solution that is steam-sterilized and non-pyrogenic. It does not contain bacteriostatic or antimicrobial agents. 

The formulas of the active ingredients are provided in Table 1.

Each 100 mL of ADDITIVE SOLUTION FORMULA 3 (AS-3) contains: Dextrose Monohydrate USP 1.10 g; Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate USP 0.59 g; Sodium Chloride USP 0.41 g; Monobasic Sodium Phosphate Monohydrate USP 0.28 g; Citric Acid Monohydrate USP 0.042 g; Adenine USP 0.03 g; and Water for Injection USP.

ADDITIVE SOLUTION FORMULA 3 is available in three volumes: 100 mL, 200 mL and 350 mL.

The 100 mL bags are individually wrapped with a clear plastic film. Six individually wrapped bags are then vacuum-sealed in a foil pouch, which serves as a vapor barrier to prevent water loss during storage. After you remove the individual solution bags from the foil pouch, you can either leave them in the clear plastic film or remove and discard it. Once the foil pouch has been opened, use all six of the solution bags within 2 weeks.

The 200 mL and 350 mL bags are individually wrapped with a clear plastic film. These larger volumes do not require the additional vapor barrier. Once the clear plastic film has been removed, use the solution within 2 weeks.

The Polyolefin bag is not made with natural rubber latex.

The bag is made from a multilayered film. It contains materials that have been tested to demonstrate the suitability of the container for storing pharmaceutical solutions. The bag is nontoxic and biologically inert. The bag-solution unit is a closed system and is not dependent upon entry of external air during administration.
FIELD: chemistry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for synthesis of chelator-targeting ligand conjugates, which can be used to treat and diagnose diseases, e.g., by imaging tumours or myocardial ischaemia. The method includes step (a) for conjugating, in an organic medium, a chelator of formulawith at least one unprotected targeting ligand, which is glucosamine, where each of A and D is a protected thiol, each of B and C is a protected secondary amine; each of E and F is a -COOH group; each of R, R, Rand Ris H; X denotes -CH-CH-; and where conjugation occurs through formation of an amide bond between E or F of the chelator and the amino group of the glucosamine. The organic medium used is usually a polar or nonpolar solvent or a mixture thereof. The method can further include (b) purifying the conjugate of the chelator-targeting ligand; step (c) of chelating a metal ion with the conjugate of the chelator-targeting ligand to form a metal ion-labelled chelator-targeting ligand conjugate. Step (c) includes a step (d) of removing at least one protective group from the metal ion-labelled chelator-targeting ligand conjugate or additionally a step (e) of adding a reducing agent. The preferred conjugates areTc- ethylenedicysteine (EC)-glucosamine,Re-EC-glucosamine orRe-EC-glucosamine.EFFECT: method enables to products of high purity.10 cl, 13 dwg, 4 tbl, 18 ex
The invention discloses leg beautifying kneecap trousers and knee pads. Pockets are sewn on the inner sides or the outer sides of the knee portions of trouser bodies of the leg beautifying kneecap trousers and the knee portions of the trouser bodies of the leg beautifying kneecap trousers. The knee pads are arranged in cavities of the pockets. For the X-type legs, the pockets of the leg beautifying kneecap trousers are sewn on the outer sides of the two knee portions and the two knee portions. For the O-type legs, the pockets of the leg beautifying kneecap trousers are sewn on the outer sides of the two knee portions and the two knee portions. For the normal type legs, the pockets of the leg beautifying trousers are sewn on the two knee portions. According to a traditional Chinese medicine formula (the dosage of a pair of knee pads), the knee pads comprise 0.1-15g of Chinese angelica, 2-20g of safflowers, 1-10g of radix angelicae pubescentis, 0.1-20g of cassia twigs, 5-20g of papaws, 5-15g of garden balsam stems, 1-15g of moutan barks, 10-20g of loofah sponges and 1-15g of dried ginger. Compared with the prior art, the trouser bodies, leg beautifying and fitness are combined, kinds of leg beautifying kneecap trousers can be manufactured and are comfortable to wear, and the knee pads not only can fill up and correct the bent type legs, but also have the effects of preventing and treating knee diseases.
Empagliflozin can cause intravascular volume depletion which may sometimes manifest as symptomatic hypotension or acute transient changes in creatinine [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. There have been post-marketing reports of acute kidney injury, some requiring hospitalization and dialysis, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving SGLT2 inhibitors, including empagliflozin. Patients with impaired renal function (eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2), elderly patients, or patients on loop diuretics may be at increased risk for volume depletion or hypotension. Before initiating GLYXAMBI in patients with one or more of these characteristics, assess volume status and renal function. In patients with volume depletion, correct this condition before initiating GLYXAMBI. Monitor for signs and symptoms of volume depletion, and renal function after initiating therapy.
The invention relates to a neuroleptically active substance of the peptaibole structural type, designated ampullosporin, which can be obtained from the culture broth of the microorganism Sepedonium spec. DSM 10602. Acetyl-L-Trp-L-Ala-Aib-Aib-L-Leu-Aib-L-Glu-Aib-Aib-Aib-L-Gln-L-Leu-Aib-L-Gln-L-Leucinol. For producing the above the microorganism Sepedonium spec. DSM 10602 is cultured under emersed, submersed and sterile culture conditions. The ampullosporin formed in this way is extracted as a single component from the culture broth using organic solvents and then obtained in pure form by carrying out the usual chromatographic purification steps. Ampullosporin has a strong neuroleptic action and is suitable for the production of pharmaceutical preparations.
Each of the diagnoses (RA, OA, myositis) will have a control arm. The control groups will be evaluated at time 0, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks but will not receive intervention.
Pregnancy Category C: Safety in pregnant women has not been established. There are no adequate and well controlled studies of fenofibrate in pregnant women. FIBRICOR should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

In female rats given oral dietary doses of 15, 75, and 300 mg/kg/day of fenofibrate from 15 days prior to mating through weaning, maternal toxicity was observed at 0.3 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD), based on body surface area comparisons; mg per m2.

In pregnant rats given oral dietary doses of 14, 127, and 361 mg/kg/day from gestation day 6–15 during the period of organogenesis, adverse developmental findings were not observed at 14 mg/kg/day (less than 1 times the MRHD, based on body surface area comparisons; mg per m2). At higher multiples of human doses evidence of maternal toxicity was observed.

In pregnant rabbits given oral gavage doses of 15, 150, and 300 mg/kg/day from gestation day 6–18 during the period of organogenesis and allowed to deliver, aborted litters were observed at 150 mg/kg/day (10 times the MRHD based on body surface area comparisons; mg per m2). No developmental findings were observed at 15 mg/kg/day (less than 1 times the MRHD, based on body surface area comparisons; mg per m2).

In pregnant rats given oral dietary doses of 15, 75, and 300 mg/kg/day from gestation day 15 through lactation day 21 (weaning), maternal toxicity was observed at less than 1 times the MRHD, based on body surface area comparisons; mg per m2 [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1)].
INTRODUCTION: This review highlights the critical role of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in regulating neuropathic pain and explores the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids. Understanding the mechanisms of the ECS, including its receptors, endogenous ligands, and enzymatic routes, can lead to innovative treatments for chronic pain, offering more effective therapies for neuropathic conditions. This review bridges the gap between preclinical studies and clinical applications by emphasizing ECS modulation for better pain management outcomes.
AREAS COVERED: A review mapped the existing literature on neuropathic pain and the effects of modulating the ECS using natural and synthetic cannabinoids. This analysis examined ECS components and their alterations in neuropathic pain, highlighting the peripheral, spinal, and supraspinal mechanisms. This review aimed to provide a thorough understanding of the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids in the management of neuropathic pain.
EXPERT OPINION: Advances in cannabinoid research have shown significant potential for the management of chronic neuropathic pain. The study emphasizes the need for high-quality clinical trials and collaborative efforts among researchers, clinicians, and regulatory bodies to ensure safe and effective integration of cannabinoids into pain management protocols. Understanding the mechanisms and optimizing cannabinoid formulations and delivery methods are crucial for enhancing therapeutic outcomes.
The onset and progression of colorectal cancer is intricately linked to a multitude of factors. Among these, immune cells present within the tumor microenvironment play a pivotal role, particularly natural killer (NK) cells, which are essential for mediating anti-tumor immunity. This study aims to elucidate the mechanism by which the VWA2 protein facilitates the invasion and migration of colorectal cancer cells through the inhibition of NK cell activation. Understanding this molecular mechanism is crucial for deciphering the underlying processes involved in colorectal cancer. To achieve the study's objectives, various methodologies were employed, including cell culture techniques, transgenic technology, and assessments of NK cell functionality. The "limma" bioinformatics tool was utilised to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between samples of colon cancer or polyps and normal tissue through transcriptome sequencing. Subsequent Wien analysis was conducted to pinpoint overlapping genes of interest. The impact of VWA2 on both the invasion and migration of colorectal cancer cell lines was assessed through experiments designed for the overexpression and knockout of VWA2.In addition, flow cytometry was employed to evaluate the activation status of NK cells, enabling an analysis of how VWA2 modulates relevant signaling pathways. The findings revealed that overexpression of VWA2 led to a marked inhibition of NK cell activation, which corresponded with reduced cytotoxic activity against tumor cells. Further examination indicated that VWA2 significantly amplified the migration and invasion capabilities of colorectal cancer cells by upregulating immunosuppressive factors while simultaneously downregulating pro-inflammatory factors. Conversely, the reduction of VWA2 expression was shown to markedly enhance NK cell functionality and decrease the invasive potential of colorectal cancer cells. Thus, the evidence suggests that the VWA2 protein actively promotes the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells primarily by suppressing NK cell activation, highlighting its potential role as a significant contributor to tumor progression in colorectal cancer.
Emerging evidence indicates that the relationship between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and diabetes is 2-fold: 1) it is known that the presence of diabetes and other metabolic alterations poses a considerably high risk to develop a severe COVID-19; 2) patients who survived a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have an increased risk of developing new-onset diabetes. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are mostly unknown, and there are no reliable biomarkers to predict the development of new-onset diabetes. In the present study, we demonstrate that a specific microRNA (miR-34a) contained in circulating extracellular vesicles released by endothelial cells reliably predicts the risk of developing new-onset diabetes in COVID-19. This association was independent of age, sex, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking status, and D-dimer. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We demonstrate for the first time that a specific microRNA (miR-34a) contained in circulating extracellular vesicles released by endothelial cells is able to reliably predict the risk of developing diabetes after having contracted coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This association was independent of age, sex, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking status, and D-dimer. Our findings are also relevant when considering the emerging importance of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19, with systemic manifestations observed even months after viral negativization (long COVID).
Investigators select subjects from patients who have underwent whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT scan for suspected or confirmed malignancy, or suspected recurrence and metastasis after treatment for malignant tumors, focusing on malignant tumors with low FDG uptake including glioma, hepatocellular carcinoma, renal cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, and peritoneal metastases. Then the subjects receive whole-body 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT scan with time interval of one to four week.
Poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common complication of stroke, but effective treatments are currently lacking. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is gradually being applied to treat PSCI, but there is limited evidence of its efficacy. To determine rTMS effects on PSCI, we constructed a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) rat model. Rats were then grouped by random digital table method: the sham group (n = 10), tMCAO group (n = 10) and rTMS group (n = 10). The shuttle box and Morris water maze (MWM) tests were conducted to detect the cognitive functions of the rats. In addition, synaptic density and synaptic ultrastructural parameters, including the active zone length, synaptic cleft width, and postsynaptic density (PSD) thickness, were quantified and analyzed using an electron microscope. What's more, synaptic associated proteins, including PSD95, SYN, and BDNF were detected by western blot. According to the shuttle box and MWM tests, rTMS improved tMCAO rats' cognitive functions, including spatial learning and memory and decision-making abilities. Electron microscopy revealed that rTMS significantly increased the synaptic density, synaptic active zone length and PSD thickness and decreased the synaptic cleft width. The western blot results showed that the expression of PSD95, SYN, and BDNF was markedly increased after rTMS stimulation. Based on these results, we propose that 20 Hz rTMS can significantly alleviate cognitive impairment after stroke. The underlying mechanism might be modulating the synaptic plasticity and up-regulating the expression PSD95, SYN, and BDNF in the hippocampus.
SMA is an autosomal-recessive disorder, characterized by progressive muscle weakness and atrophy with an incidence of 1/10,000. The condition is caused by a homozygous deletion or mutation in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1), resulting in reduced expression of the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. This leads to the degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain stem. A nearby related gene, survival motor neuron 2 (SMN2), could partially compensate the loss of SMN1. Individuals with a higher copy number of SMN2 do in general have a milder phenotype. New therapeutic approaches, e.g. nusinersen (spinraza©), an antisense oligonucleotide medication that modulates pre-messenger RNA splicing of the survival motor neuron 2 (SMN2) gene, are promising to help the formerly incurable disease. However, most clinical trials lack primary outcomes other than clinical testing. Preliminary work shows that new methods such as multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detect tissue changes very sensitively. Multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) is capable of visualizing the distribution of endogenous absorbers by initiating laser-induced thermoelastic expansion and detection of resulting pressure waves. This imaging technique enables the label-free detection and quantification of different endogenous chromophores. In addition to this technology, MRI imaging has advanced in the field of muscle diseases, with 23Na-MRI being the first example. With both methods, the molecular composition of muscle tissue can be determined non-invasively and quantitatively at the same time. In this first pilot study on patients with SMA, the investigators will now assess whether the differences in the muscle composition of SMA patients with or without therapy can be quantified and whether they can be used simultaneously as markers during therapy with nusinersen (spinraza©) . Ideally, both techniques can complement or validate each other. In the future, this could generate a completely new, non-invasive method for evaluating endogenous biomarkers for therapy response.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly safe neurogenesis promoter obtained at a low cost, and readily continuously ingestible, and to provide a food and drink containing the composition.  <P>SOLUTION: The neurogenesis promoter includes a peptide composed of an amino acid sequence represented by formula (1): (Gly-X-Y)<SB>n</SB>(wherein, n represents a positive integer; X and Y represent each amino acid residue; and X and Y are the same or different optional amino acid residues). The peptide comprising the amino acid sequence represented by formula (1) preferably includes ≥50 wt.% of a peptide having ≤1,500 molecular weight. The peptide composed of the amino acid sequence represented by formula (1) is preferably obtained from collagen or gelatin. The neurogenesis promoter promotes the neurogenesis in the hippocampus of a mammalian brain.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Hydroxychloroquine loading dose will be given as 400mg for two doses 12 hours apart. This will then be followed by maintenance dosing of 200mg twice weekly for the remainder of the trial.
Noise-induced hearing loss interacts with age, sex, and listening conditions to affect individuals' perception of ecologically relevant stimuli like speech. The present experiments assessed the impact of age and sex on vocalization detection by noise-exposed mice trained to detect a downsweep or complex ultrasonic vocalization in quiet or in the presence of a noise background. Daily thresholds before and following intense noise exposure were collected longitudinally and compared across several factors. All mice, regardless of age, sex, listening condition, or stimulus type showed their poorest behavioral sensitivity immediately after the noise exposure. There were varying degrees of recovery over time and across factors. Old-aged mice had greater threshold shifts and less recovery compared to middle-aged mice. Mice had larger threshold shifts and less recovery for downsweeps than for complex vocalizations. Female mice were more sensitive, had smaller post-noise shifts, and had better recovery than males. Thresholds in noise were higher and less variable than thresholds in quiet, but there were comparable shifts and recovery. In mice, as in humans, the perception of ecologically relevant stimuli suffers after an intense noise exposure, and results differ from simple tone detection findings.
FIELD: organic chemistry. SUBSTANCE: water-soluble strong-chain oligoester is synthesized by interaction of diphenol with bifunctional electrophilic compound containing group -SO 3 R 2  in the presence of solvent at 0-40 C, medium pH = 7-8. Composition has effective amount of an active component based on indicated oligoester and pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Composition shows significant activity against human immunodeficiency virus and can be used for AIDS syndrome treatment. EFFECT: improved method of synthesis, enhanced antiviral activity. 17 cl, 11 tbl
PURPOSE:To prepare a powdery beauty pack having excellent water-absorption, water-retainability and stability, removable easily from the skin, spreadable well on the skin, and giving desirable feeling to the skin, by mixing a specific novel water-absorbing polymer with a water-soluble alginic acid salt and a water-soluble bivalent alkaline earth metal salt. CONSTITUTION:The objective powdery beauty pack contains (A) 1.0-30wt% of a water-insoluble water-absorbing polymer containing fibroin, a crosslinkable monomer having ethylenic unsaturated groups or glycidyl groups at both terminals (e.g. ethylene glycol dimethacrylate), a monomer having anionic group (e.g. acrylic acid), or a nonionic monomer having ethylenic unsaturated group at one of the terminals (e.g. acrylic acid ester), (B) 5-50wt% of a water-soluble alginic acid salt and (C) <=10wt% of a bivalent alkaline earth metal salt. EFFECT:It forms an easily peelable uniform beauty pack film closely to the skin in a short time, adsorbs and removes the stains from the skin, and gives moistened smooth skin.