anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The Motricity Index (MI), developed by Demeurisse et al. in 1980, is an ordinal method for measuring motor impairment in post-stroke hemiparesis, focusing on muscle strength of proximal and distal muscle groups of upper and lower extremity. Since its introduction, it has been widely used. However, despite unofficial versions circulating in clinical settings, there is currently no validated Italian version of the scale. This study aims to develop this version and to evaluate its metric properties in a sample of subjects who had a stroke.

A pre-final MI-Italian will be produced following established international guidelines (forward-backward translation, each step involving two different translators). This version will be tested in a group of health professionals (physicians and physiotherapists) who will be asked to judge the clarity of each item of the scale, including scoring instructions, using a dichotomous response (clear/unclear). Items that are judged unclear by more than 20 percent of the professionals will be revised by the multidisciplinary translation team to produce the final MI-Italian.

The final MI-Italian will then be administered to a sample of at least 100 subjects with stroke to assess its metric properties. Participants will be enrolled among patients admitted to the Don Gnocchi Foundation in Florence for stroke rehabilitation. To assess reliability, upon admission each patient will be independently assessed using the MI-Italian by two examiners, drawn at random from a group of ten physiotherapists. One of the two raters will administer the scale twice on consecutive days. Other evaluators will administer other clinical scales (Fugl-Meyer assessment, FMA; modified Barthel index, mBI; modified Rankin scale, mRS) to assess the validity of the MI-Italian. All raters will be blinded to all other assessments and to their previous assessment, if any. All the scales will be administered again at discharge, when participants will also be asked to indicate the perceived change since admission in their ability to move and use the paretic limbs. For the latter, a 7-points Global Rating of Perceived Change (GRPC) Lickert scale will be used.

The Cronbach's alpha will be used to estimate the internal consistency of the scale. To assess intra-rater and inter-rater reliability, the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC1,1), Standard Error of the Measurement (SEM) and Minimal Detectable Change with 95% Confidence (MDC95) will be computed. Criterion and construct validity will be assessed by computing the association between the MI-Italian and the FMA, the mBI and the mRS, at both admission and discharge. For responsiveness, the following indices will be calculated: 1) Guyatt Responsiveness Index (GRI); 2) Standardized Response Mean (SMR), both in the whole sample and in subgroups of participants with different outcome (improved, unchanged, worsened) based on the GPRC; 3) Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID). The latter will be derived using the ROC curve approach, using the patient's perceived change in his/her ability to move and use the paretic limbs as an anchor.
Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, concentrated solution for intravenous administration ONLY AFTER DILUTION to replenish electrolytes. The preparation contains 2.5 mEq/mL (14.6%) sodium chloride, in Water for Injection. The solution contains no bacteriostat, antimicrobial agent or added buffer; pH of the solution ranges from 4.5 to 7.0. Each mL contains: Sodium chloride 146 mg; Water for Injection q.s. pH may have been adjusted with hydrochloric acid. The osmolar concentration of the 2.5 mEq/mL solution is 5 mOsmol/mL. Sodium chloride is chemically designated NaCI, a white crystalline compound freely soluble in water.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled antigen useful as a diagnosing material for hepatitis of non-A and non-B type, isolated from liver of crisis individual of hepatitis of non-A and non-B type of human or chimpanzee. CONSTITUTION:A purified antigen specific to hepatitis of non-A and non-B type, having 44,000+ or -2,000mol.wt. and partial amino acid sequence shown by formula I-formula III. The antigen is purified by homogenizing liver of crisis individual of hepatitis of non-A and non-B type of human or chimpanzee, centrifuging to give a supernatant liquid, laying the supernatant liquid on a buffer solution containing 15-25% sucrose and centrifuging at about 10,000Xg for 3-5hr. A protein fraction obtained as the precipitate is dissolved in a small amount of a buffer solution, which is subjected to sucrose density-gradient centrifugation and a fraction having 1.20-1.25 sucrose density is collected. Further the fraction is centrifuged to give precipitate. The precipitate is dissolved in a buffer resolution, subjected to electrophoresis of 0.1% SDS-7-15% polyacrylamide gel and gel corresponding to part having 44,000+ or -2,000mol.wt. is cut out. Consequently protein bonded to SDS is obtained from the gel and SDS is removed to give the aimed antigen.
The recommended starting dosage of Mercaptopurine Tablets is 1.5 to 2.5 mg/kg orally once daily as part of combination chemotherapy maintenance regimen. A recommended dosage for patients less than 17 kg is not achievable, because the only available strength is 50 mg. Take Mercaptopurine Tablets either consistently with or without food.

After initiating Mercaptopurine Tablets, monitor complete blood count (CBC) and adjust the dose to maintain absolute neutrophil count (ANC) at a desirable level and for excessive myelosuppression. Evaluate the bone marrow in patients with prolonged myelosuppression or repeated episodes of myelosuppression to assess leukemia status and marrow cellularity.

Evaluate thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) and nucleotide diphosphatase (NUDT15) status in patients with severe myelosuppression or repeated episodes or myelosuppression  [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)]. 

Do not administer to patients who are unable to swallow tablets.

If a patient misses a dose, instruct the patient to continue with the next scheduled dose.

Mercaptopurine Tablets is a cytotoxic drug. Follow special handling and disposal procedures. 1
To minimize the risk of seizure, increase the dose gradually [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3)] . Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) should be swallowed whole and not crushed, divided, or chewed. Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) may be taken with or without food. 

The usual adult target dose for bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) is 300 mg/day, given as 150 mg twice daily. Initiate dosing with 150 mg/day given as a single daily dose in the morning. After 3 days of dosing, the dose may be increased to the 300 mg/day target dose, given as 150 mg twice daily. There should be an interval of at least 8 hours between successive doses. A maximum of 400 mg/day, given as 200 mg twice daily, may be considered for patients in whom no clinical improvement is noted after several weeks of treatment at 300 mg/day. To avoid high peak concentrations of bupropion and/or its metabolites, do not exceed 200 mg in any single dose.

It is generally agreed that acute episodes of depression require several months or longer of antidepressant drug treatment beyond the response in the acute episode. It is unknown whether the dose of bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) needed for maintenance treatment is identical to the dose that provided an initial response. Periodically reassess the need for maintenance treatment and the appropriate dose for such treatment.
PURPOSE: To obtain a preparation for administering a medicine for preventing and treating various diseases to a body by percutaneous absorption, comprising a tacky agent layer which is formed on one side of a substrate, composed of specific cross-linked components. CONSTITUTION: This percutaneous absorption preparation is obtained by forming a tacky agent layer containing a medicine for percutaneous absorption on one side a substrate. The tacky agent layer comprises a medicine for percutaneous absorption (e.g. estrogen), an acrylic copolymer composed of a (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester as a main monomer, a fatty acid ester composed of a 12-16C higher fatty acid and a 1-4C lower monofunctional fatty acid and a monoglyceride composed of a 8-10C higher fatty acid and glycerol and is obtained by cross-linking treatment. The total content of the fatty acid ester and the monoglyceride used is 60-200 pts.wt. based on 100 pts.wt. of the acrylic copolymer. The content ratio of the fatty acid ester and the monoglyceride is 1:0.05 to 1:0.25.  This percutaneous absorption preparation provides a soft feeling while maintaining cohesive force in the tacky agent layer, has little irritation to an attached skin part and causes neither pain nor keratin damage during release.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is an often rapidly progressive and fatal opportunistic infection of the CNS that is caused by the JC virus, a human polyoma virus. In clinical trials with NULOJIX, two cases of PML were reported in patients receiving NULOJIX at higher cumulative doses and more frequently than the recommended regimen, along with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and corticosteroids; one case occurred in a kidney transplant recipient and the second case occurred in a liver transplant recipient [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6), Adverse Reactions (6.1), Clinical Studies (14.2)]. As PML has been associated with high levels of overall immunosuppression, the recommended doses and frequency of NULOJIX and concomitant immunosuppressives, including MMF, should not be exceeded.

Physicians should consider PML in the differential diagnosis in patients with new or worsening neurological, cognitive, or behavioral signs or symptoms. PML is usually diagnosed by brain imaging, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing for JC viral DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and/or brain biopsy. Consultation with a specialist (eg, neurologist and/or infectious disease) should be considered for any suspected or confirmed cases of PML.

If PML is diagnosed, consideration should be given to reduction or withdrawal of immunosuppression taking into account the risk to the allograft.
There is compelling data that chronic pain and hazardous opioid use, considered individually, are significant and costly healthcare burdens in both veteran and nonveteran populations in the United States (US). When these two diagnoses are considered together, they appear to occur in a clinically significant proportion of patients. Further, opioid use disorder (OUD) interferes with chronic pain treatment outcomes and continued pain interferes with OUD outcomes treatment. While buprenorphine is effective for the treatment of pain and OUD, retention, relapse, and continued pain interference is not addressed through treatment with buprenorphine alone. Integrated treatments that target the key outcomes for both conditions, specifically pain's interference on functioning and opioid misuse/relapse, as developed in our prior work, allows for a parsimonious and efficacious way of providing treatment. Our recently completed pilot study indicated that such an integrated treatment was feasible and more effective than treatment as usual. To study this further, a multisite clinical trial comparing a three month integrated behavioral treatment that combines Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention, as compared to an education control will be conducted with 160 veterans recruited from three VA Health Care Systems who have been stabilized on buprenorphine for the treatment of OUD. To assess longer-term outcomes, participants will be followed for 1 year after completion of the 3 month intervention.
Advise patients or their caregivers about common adverse reactions associated with the use of epinephrine including an increase in heart rate, the sensation of a more forceful heartbeat, palpitations, sweating, nausea and vomiting, difficulty breathing, pallor, dizziness, weakness or shakiness, headache, apprehension, nervousness, or anxiety. These symptoms and signs usually subside rapidly, especially with rest, quiet and recumbent positioning. 

Warn patients with a good response to initial treatment about the possibility of recurrence of symptoms and instruct patients to obtain proper medical attention if symptoms return. 

Warn patients with diabetes that they may develop increased blood glucose levels following epinephrine administration.

Rare cases of serious skin and soft tissue infections, including necrotizing fasciitis and myonecrosis caused by Clostridia (gas gangrene), have been reported at the injection site following epinephrine injection for anaphylaxis. Advise patients to seek medical care if they develop signs or symptoms of infection, such as persistent redness, warmth, swelling, or tenderness, at the epinephrine injection site [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Mutants of the Arabidopsis thaliana genes, EDM2 (Enhanced Downy Mildew 2), EDM3 (Enhanced Downy Mildew 3) and IBM2 (Increase in Bonsai Methylation 2) are known to show defects in a diverse set of defense and developmental processes. For example, they jointly exhibit enhanced levels of basal defense and stunted growth. Here we show that these two phenotypes are functionally connected by their dependency on the salicylic acid biosynthesis gene SID2 and the basal defense regulatory gene PAD4. Stunted growth of edm2, edm3 and ibm2 plants is a consequence of up-regulated basal defense. Constitutively enhanced activity of reactive oxygen species-generating peroxidases, we observed in these mutants, appears also to contribute to both, their enhanced basal defense and their growth retardation phenotypes. Furthermore, we found the histone H3 demethylase gene IBM1, a direct regulatory target of EDM2, EDM3 and IBM2, to be at least partially required for the basal defense and growth-related effects observed in these mutants. We recently reported that EDM2, EDM3 and IBM2 coordinate basal immunity with the timing of the floral transition by gradually reducing the extent of this defense mechanism prior to flowering. Together with these observations, data presented here show that at least some of the diverse phenotypic effects in edm2, edm3 and ibm2 mutants are genetically interlinked and functionally connected. Our new results show that repression of basal immunity by EDM2, EDM3 and IBM2 limits negative impact on growth and development.
Acromegaly is a rare disease characterized by a diagnostic delay ranging from 5 to 10 years from the symptoms' onset. The aim of this study was to develop and internally validate machine-learning algorithms to identify a combination of variables for the early diagnosis of acromegaly. This retrospective population-based study was conducted between 2011 and 2018 using data from the claims databases of Sicily Region, in Southern Italy. To identify combinations of potential predictors of acromegaly diagnosis, conditional and unconditional penalized multivariable logistic regression models and three machine learning algorithms (i.e., the Recursive Partitioning and Regression Tree, the Random Forest and the Support Vector Machine) were used, and their performance was evaluated. The random forest (RF) algorithm achieved the highest Area under the ROC Curve value of 0.83 (95% CI 0.79-0.87). The sensitivity in the test set, computed at the optimal threshold of predicted probabilities, ranged from 28% for the unconditional logistic regression model to 69% for the RF. Overall, the only diagnosis predictor selected by all five models and algorithms was the number of immunosuppressants-related pharmacy claims. The other predictors selected by at least two models were eventually combined in an unconditional logistic regression to develop a meta-score that achieved an acceptable discrimination accuracy (AUC = 0.71, 95% CI 0.66-0.75). Findings of this study showed that data-driven machine learning algorithms may play a role in supporting the early diagnosis of rare diseases such as acromegaly.
Patients receive pegfilgrastim subcutaneously (SC) on day 2 or 4 and CHOP comprising cyclophosphamide IV, doxorubicin IV, vincristine IV on day 1, and oral prednisone on days 1-5. Treatment repeats every 2 weeks for up to 6-8 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The invention relates to a duck plague virus g E protein genes and application thereof. The high expression of nucleotide sequence of g E protein genes is SEQ ID NO:1 after codon usage optimization. The duck plague virus g E protein gene engineering subunit vaccine is inoculated into ten-day-age ducks through muscles and the ducks are negative to duck plague virus. Antibody of duck plague virus is detected by drawing blood after fourteen days of inoculating and antibodies of duck plague virus of an immunization group are all positive, so the efficiency rate is 100%. However, no antibody in a control group is detected. The result shows that immunogenicity of the prepared recombination protein is good and the further preparation of duck plague virus gene engineering subunit vaccine can cause immune response of ducks.
BACKGROUND: Opioid abuse and mortality are ravaging American society, highlighting the need to find alternative effective analgesics with fewer side effects. FDA-approved topical analgesics, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), are commonly used to treat musculoskeletal pain but can cause adverse effects. Natural compounds, including essential oils, are potential therapeutic alternatives for managing musculoskeletal pain. If these compounds can provide comparable analgesia to FDA-approved products, it will increase the available options for people with pain, improving quality of life with minimal morbidity and mortality.
OBJECTIVE: This study assesses the effectiveness and onset of action of Bonipar, a topical analgesic formulated with camphor, methyl salicylate, and oils of coconut, eucalyptus, nutmeg, and rosemary, in managing musculoskeletal pain compared to 1.5 % diclofenac solution, an FDA-approved topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
METHODS: One hundred sixty-four adult patients with localized musculoskeletal pain were randomly assigned to twice-daily applications of either Bonipar or Diclofenac for one week. The primary outcome measure was a 50 % reduction in pain after one week. Secondary outcomes included the change in pain from baseline and onset of action, defined as the first reduction in pain by 20 %.
RESULTS: All patients completed the initial pain assessment to determine the onset of action. One-week data was available for 74 patients treated with diclofenac and 72 patients treated with Bonipar. Data for 18 patients were incomplete. The proportion of patients achieving a 50 % reduction in pain was statistically similar between the two groups. The success rates of achieving a 50 % pain reduction with Bonipar were found to be non-inferior to those treated with diclofenac. All follow-up time points showed roughly similar results between the groups. Regression models adjusted for age and sex revealed no significant effects on pain changes. Secondary analyses demonstrated no significant differences between the groups.
DISCUSSION: The topical analgesic Bonipar demonstrates a comparable onset of action, with efficacy non-inferior to diclofenac in the management of musculoskeletal pain, while showing fewer adverse effects compared to diclofenac. These findings highlight the potential of Bonipar as a valuable alternative for the treatment of localized pain.
An anti-VEGF injection will be given at Day 0 followed by an intravitreal injection of AAVCAGsCD59 at Day 7. All eyes will then be treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF monthly as needed based on disease activity.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The focus of this review is to present recent literature and gaps in knowledge (GIKs) surrounding the current and future treatment and prevention of uncomplicated recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs) in women.
RECENT FINDINGS: Recurrent urinary tract infections are common, significantly reduce quality of life, and create a substantial economic burden to the healthcare system. They are disproportionately affecting the postmenopausal women. Antibiotics, which are used for the treatment and prophylaxis of uncomplicated rUTI, have become problematic, as there is a global rise in allergy and resistance to these agents and their use is associated with further antimicrobial resistance. Thus, in recent decades, several alternative, nonantibiotic approaches have been evaluated.
SUMMARY: There is a critical need for a concerted and standardized methodology for diagnosing, treating, and monitoring women with rUTIs. Additionally, novel nonantibiotic alternative treatment and preventive measures for UTIs are desperately required to address the global issue of antibiotic recalcitrance in all age groups, and specifically older women. Research efforts have sought to develop alternative and more effective techniques; many of which appear to be promising, but require additional evaluation and validation through clinical trials.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) constitutes a social and economic problem with the aggravating factor of being able to limit individual capacity, leading to a condition of unproductiveness and incapacity. At present, there is no effective treatment for recovering an injured spinal cord. Our research group was one of the pioneers in the study of mesenchymal stem cell therapies in the treatment of SCI, having carried out preclinical studies, as well as clinical studies with participants with complete spinal cord injuries, which demonstrated that stem cell transplantation mesenchymal (MSC) from autologous bone marrow was a safe and effective therapy in these studies. This project proposes the investigation of this therapy in participants with complete spinal cord injuries in the thoracolumbar region, in the subacute phase (defined between 3 to 6 months after the event), aiming to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the injection of mesenchymal stem cells. For this, we propose a double-blind, randomized clinical study to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of bone marrow MSC transplantation in participants with complete paraplegia, classified by ASIA Impairment Scale (AIS) grade A, by TRM, with subacute lesion. Forty participants will be referred by reference institutions and then recruited to be subsequently subjected to randomization, if eligible, with a group of 20 participants treated by intrathecal infusion of autologous MSCs, and another of 20 participants allocated to the control group, using a glucophysiological solution as a subcutaneous placebo. Each participant, after recruitment, will be monitored for a period of approximately 01 (one) year. The preparation of the CTMs will be done in accordance with the standards of good manufacturing practices. Both groups participating in the study will be submitted to pre- and post-treatment evaluations. The effectiveness of the therapy will be evaluated using the scale established by ASIA (American Spinal Injury Association) and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).