anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
During asthma, there is an intensification of pulmonary epithelial inflammation, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and Golgi apparatus fragmentation. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the roles of ULK1, Atg9a, and Rab9 in epithelial inflammation, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and Golgi apparatus fragmentation. We found that ULK1 gene knockout reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells, restored the imbalance of the Th1/Th2 ratio, and inhibited the formation of inflammatory bodies in the lung tissue of house dust mite-induced asthma mice. Moreover, we demonstrated that Atg9a interacted with ULK1 at S467. ULK1 phosphorylated Atg9a at S14. Treatment with ULK1 activator (LYN-1604) and ULK1 inhibitor (ULK-101) respectively promoted and inhibited inflammasome activation, indicating that the activation of inflammasome induced by house dust mite in asthma mice is dependent on ULK1. For validation of the in vivo results, we then used a lentivirus containing ULK1 wild type and ULK1-S467A genes to infect Beas-2b-ULK1-knockout cells and establish a stable cell line. The results suggest that the ULK1 S467 site is crucial for IL-4-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. Experimental verification confirmed that Atg9a was the superior signaling pathway of Rab9. Interestingly, we found for the first time that Rab9 played a very important role in inflammation-induced fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus. Inhibiting the activation of the ULK1/Atg9a/Rab9 signaling pathways can inhibit Golgi apparatus fragmentation and mitochondrial oxidative stress in asthma while reducing the production of NLRP3-mediated pulmonary epithelial inflammation.
The present invention discloses improved methods for the treatment of autoimmune diseases using β-adrenergic agonists, and particularly, β 2  -adrenergic agonists. The treatment of animals with either EAE or EAN using the β 2  -adrenergic agonist terbutaline significantly suppressed clinical disease. A Phase I safety treatment trial with terbutaline was conducted in MS patients. Twenty-four patients were treated for 4 weeks. No obvious side effects were observed. At 4 weeks, 15 of the 24 patients improved on neurologic rating scale and 17 patients reported subjective improvement. Treatment of rats with EAMG, an animal model of t 
     The government may own rights in the present invention pursuant to NIH grants 2 RO1 NS18413-07A1 and PO1NS-24575-03.
Targeting cardiac remodeling is regarded as a key therapeutic strategy for heart failure. Kielin/chordin-like protein (KCP) is a secretory protein with 18 cysteine-rich domains and associated with kidney and liver fibrosis. However, the relationship between KCP and cardiac remodeling remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of KCP in cardiac remodeling induced by pressure overload and explore its potential mechanisms. Left ventricular (LV) KCP expression was measured with real-time quantitative PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining in pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling in mice. Cardiac function and remodeling were evaluated in wide-type (WT) mice and KCP knockout (KO) mice by echocardiography, which were further confirmed by histological analysis with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining. RNA sequence was performed with LV tissue from WT and KO mice to identify differentially expressed genes and related signaling pathways. Primary cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were used to validate the regulatory role and potential mechanisms of KCP during fibrosis. KCP was down-regulated in the progression of cardiac remodeling induced by pressure overload, and was mainly expressed in fibroblasts. KCP deficiency significantly aggravated pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction and remodeling. RNA sequence revealed that the role of KCP deficiency in cardiac remodeling was associated with cell division, cell cycle, and P53 signaling pathway, while cyclin B1 (CCNB1) was the most significantly up-regulated gene. Further investigation in vivo and in vitro suggested that KCP deficiency promoted the proliferation of CFs via P53/P21/CCNB1 pathway. Taken together, these results suggested that KCP deficiency aggravates cardiac dysfunction and remodeling induced by pressure overload via P53/P21/CCNB1 signaling in mice.
Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Most patients with moderate-to-severe disease require long-term antibiotic treatment, or biologic treatments to control their disease. Despite these interventions, relapses are common. This study evaluated the effectiveness of piperacillin/tazobactam treatment in patients with Hurley stage II and III HS who experienced disease flares and did not respond to conventional antibiotic and biologic treatment. Methods: Patients with HS hospitalized at the Department of Dermatology, Sheba Medical Center between August 2021 and January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A cohort of ten such patients were treated with piperacillin/tazobactam for 6-21 days. Eight (80%) and two (20%) patients respectively demonstrated 2- and 1-grade improvements, from their baseline HS-Physician Global Assessment score. During the follow-up period, nine patients were monitored. HS Clinical Response (HiSCR) was achieved in six (66.7%) and five (55.6%) patients at the 3- and 6-month follow-up visits, respectively. Conclusions: In conclusion, Piperacillin/tazobactam emerges as a promising therapeutic option for disease flare-up in patients with Hurley stage II and III HS who do not respond to conventional treatment. Thus, piperacillin/tazobactam should be considered as crisis therapy for this patient subset.
Concomitant use of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and overactive bladder (OAB) drugs potentially poses a risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to the urinary retention of highly concentrated glucose in the urine. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the risk of UTIs among patients who initiated SGLT-2i treatment while taking OAB drugs. This population-based cohort study included new-users of SGLT-2i or comparator antidiabetics (dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4i); glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA)) with OAB drugs between 2014 and 2020 using claim data from Korea. Primary outcome was a composite UTI event composite end point comprising pyelonephritis, cystitis, and urethritis, using both inpatient and outpatient diagnoses. Propensity score fine stratification was used to adjust for potential confounding factors. Weighted hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model. In the first cohort, 796 and 9,181 new-users of SGLT-2i and DPP-4i with OAB drugs were identified, respectively. This study found a similar risk of UTIs in concomitant users of SGLT-2i and DPP-4i (weighted HR 1.08, 95% confidence interval: 0.88-1.32) with OAB drugs. In the second cohort, 2,387 and 280 new-users of SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA with OAB drugs were identified, respectively. Initiation of SGLT-2i while on OAB treatment was not associated with increased risk of UTI (0.89, 0.50-1.60), compared with initiation of GLP-1RA. These results show that the concomitant use of SGLT-2i with OAB drugs was not associated with an increased risk of UTI compared with the concomitant use of DPP-4i or GLP-1RA with OAB drugs.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject synthetic suppressant which suppresses the synthesis of heat shock protein in cells and can cure diseases such as cancer and multiple sclerosis by containing a specific evodiamine derivative as an active ingredient. SOLUTION: This synthetic suppressant contains an evodiamine derivative of formula I (R is an 1-3C alkyl) as an active ingredient. As this evodiamine derivative, evodiamine of formula II is preferable. This evodiamine is preferably extracted from Evodia rutaecarpa and obtainable by extracting, for example, Evodia fruit with water (e.g. cold water, warm water or boiling water) or an organic solvent. By this suppressant, the synthesis of heat shock protein from 16kDa to 40kDa in molecular weigh is peculiarly suppressed and consequently cancers relating to the change of normal cells to malignant tumors and the reduction of hyperthermia effect and autoimmune diseases relating to the occurrence caused by this protein can be effectively cured.
Treatment of staphylococcal carriage with the topical antibiotic, mupirocin, has led to decreased infections in some hemodialysis patients and intensive care unit (ICU) patients. However, most of these studies were not placebo controlled and only certain subsets of patients benefited. Relapse of colonization, generally within 90 days after treatment is stopped, presumably with increased risk of infection, approaches 50%. Continuous use of mupirocin on daily, three times weekly, or weekly basis has resulted in increased resistance to the drug. Despite this lack of evidence, the use of mupirocin has become commonplace because it is perceived as an effective and simple means to prevent infection. In a National Institutes on Aging/Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (NIA/OAIC)-sponsored proposal, we found that a 2 week treatment regimen with mupirocin ointment was effective in decolonizing older chronically ill nursing home residents of S. aureus when compared with placebo ointment. Decolonization began to decline by 3 months post-treatment, and resistance occurred only once in 52 treated patients. That study was not powered to detect differences in infection between the 2 study groups; the end point was eradication of colonization. However, a trend towards reduction in staphylococcal infection with mupirocin was seen. In addition, there were more therapeutic failures in residents who were colonized with methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) than methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). We hypothesize that intermittent treatment with mupirocin ointment every 3 months may be an effective means of preventing recolonization and infection with S. aureus. We propose to study a patient population that has already had treatment for severe S. aureus infection and is at significant risk for a subsequent infection. Patients will receive mupirocin 2% polyethylene glycol (PEG) ointment \[Treatment Arm\] or polyethylene glycol (PEG) ointment \[Placebo Arm\] for 14 days every 3 months. The effect of these two regimens on S. aureus re-infection, re-colonization, and development of mupirocin resistance will be assessed.
Treatment should be initiated with supervised administration, progressing to unsupervised administration as the patient’s clinical stability permits. The use of Buprenorphine Sublingual Tablets for unsupervised administration should be limited to those patients who cannot tolerate buprenorphine and naloxone, for example those patients with known hypersensitivity to naloxone. Buprenorphine and naloxone and buprenorphine are both subject to diversion and abuse. When determining the prescription quantity for unsupervised administration, consider the patient’s level of stability, the security of his or her home situation, and other factors likely to affect the ability of the patient to manage supplies of take-home medication.

Ideally, patients should be seen at reasonable intervals (e.g., at least weekly during the first month of treatment) based upon the individual circumstances of the patient. Medication should be prescribed in consideration of the frequency of visits. Provision of multiple refills is not advised early in treatment or without appropriate patient follow-up visits. Periodic assessment is necessary to determine compliance with the dosing regimen, effectiveness of the treatment plan, and overall patient progress.

Once a stable dosage has been achieved and patient assessment (e.g., urine drug screening) does not indicate illicit drug use, less frequent follow-up visits may be appropriate. A once-monthly visit schedule may be reasonable for patients on a stable dosage of medication who are making progress toward their treatment objectives. Continuation or modification of pharmacotherapy should be based on the healthcare provider’s evaluation of treatment outcomes and objectives such as:

  1. Absence of medication toxicity.
  2. Absence of medical or behavioral adverse effects.
  3. Responsible handling of medications by the patient.
  4. Patient’s compliance with all elements of the treatment plan (including recovery-oriented activities, psychotherapy, and/or other psychosocial modalities).
  5. Abstinence from illicit drug use (including problematic alcohol and/or benzodiazepine use).



If treatment goals are not being achieved, the healthcare provider should re-evaluate the appropriateness of continuing the current treatment.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a skin lotion which contains an extract from branches of sycamine trees, has a curative action on acnes and is effective for skin roughening. SOLUTION: This skin lotion contains an extract of branches of sycamine trees with a solvent. The branches of sycamine trees are extracted with water or a hydrophilic organic solvent (for example, ethanol). In some cases, the extraction is carried out by using a polyhydric alcohol (for example, glycerol) or a mixture thereof with water. The extract is filtered, evaporated and freeze- dried. In addition, the extract is fractionated so that kuwanon C and molsin may be included. This substance is formulated together with other raw materials for a skin lotion to prepare lotion, cream, milky lotion, pack and the like. The skin lotion is effective against acne bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus, but not so effective against other bacteria, thus is effective for atopic dermatitis.
Morphine sulfate extended-release capsules contain morphine sulfate which is a controlled substance under Schedule II of the Controlled Substances Act. Morphine, like all opioids, is liable to diversion and misuse and should be handled accordingly. Patients and their families should be instructed to flush any morphine sulfate extended-release capsules that are no longer needed.

Morphine sulfate extended-release capsules may be targeted for theft and diversion by criminals. Healthcare professionals should contact their State Professional Licensing Board or State Controlled Substances Authority for information on how to prevent and detect abuse or diversion of this product.

Morphine sulfate extended-release capsules consists of closed hard gelatin capsules containing polymer coated morphine sulfate pellets that pose no known handling risk to health care workers. Morphine sulfate extended-release capsules are liable to diversion and misuse both by the general public and health care workers, and should be handled accordingly.
Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) variants present with distinct disruptions in speech-language functions with little known about the interplay between affected and spared regions within the speech-language network and their interaction with other functional networks. The Neurodegenerative Research Group, Mayo Clinic, recruited 123 patients with PPA (55 logopenic (lvPPA), 44 non-fluent (nfvPPA) and 24 semantic (svPPA)) who were matched to 60 healthy controls. We investigated functional connectivity disruptions between regions within the left-speech-language network (Broca, Wernicke, anterior middle temporal gyrus (aMTG), supplementary motor area (SMA), planum temporale (PT) and parietal operculum (PO)), and disruptions to other networks (visual association, dorsal-attention, frontoparietal and default mode networks (DMN)). Within the speech-language network, multivariate linear regression models showed reduced aMTG-Broca connectivity in all variants, with lvPPA and nfvPPA findings remaining significant after Bonferroni correction. Additional loss in Wernicke-Broca connectivity in nfvPPA, Wernicke-PT connectivity in lvPPA and greater aMTG-PT connectivity in svPPA were also noted. Between-network connectivity findings in all variants showed reduced aMTG-DMN and increased aMTG-dorsal-attention connectivity, with additional disruptions between aMTG-visual association in both lvPPA and svPPA, aMTG-frontoparietal in lvPPA, and Wernicke-DMN breakdown in svPPA. These findings suggest that aMTG connectivity breakdown is a shared feature in all PPA variants, with lvPPA showing more extensive connectivity disruptions with other networks.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy and sentinel lymphnode biopsy is accepted as a valid alternative to lymphadenectomy for staging purposes. Recently, sentinel node biopsy has been also extended to high-risk disease where risk of nodal involvement is higher.
RECENT FINDINGS: Our review focuses on the definition of high-risk disease and how there are different concepts of high-risk in the scientific community. While the sensitivity of sentinel node biopsy has been established and accepted in lower risk endometrial cancers, only in recent years retrospective and prospective evidence has been published. Ultrastaging allows to identify more nodal disease that would normally be overlooked by traditional staging, allowing proper adjuvant therapy to be administered. The longstanding question of whether lymphadenectomy in high-risk settings is a therapeutic or a staging procedure remains open. Retrospective data, however, show that oncologic outcomes are not compromised by sentinel node biopsy.
SUMMARY: Sentinel node biopsy is a valid alternative to traditional, more extensive nodal staging: with the addition of ultrastaging, it has more sensitivity than lymphadenectomy with less surgical morbidity. Ongoing trials will definitively establish if oncological outcomes are affected by sentinel node biopsy, but retrospective data are encouraging.
INTRODUCTION: Bronchobiliary fistulas are rare and difficult to treat. Peacock first reported this entity in 1850 while treating a patient with hepatic encopresis.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 67-year-old Chinese male patient presented to the outpatient clinic with a complaint of coughing up phlegm with chest tightness for 4 days with symptoms of intermittent bilirubin sputum with a sputum volume of about 500 ml per day but no symptoms of abdominal pain or jaundice and no yellow urine or steatorrhea. The examination revealed cyanosis of the lips and mouth, barrel chest, low breath sounds on the right side, and a large number of wet rales heard in both lungs. The imaging investigations were suggestive of bronchobiliary fistula. Therefore, the patient was operated on and discharged with no perioperative complications.
CONCLUSION: Bronchobiliary fistula should be considered diagnostically in patients with known liver disease who also experience trauma or medical treatment and cough up bile-colored sputum, regardless of the presence of concurrent infections, and in conjunction with radiological expertise to identify it. Here, we report a case of bronchobiliary fistula and a brief review of the literature on it.
All pre-hospital service data were collected from January 2005 to December 2014 from the Beijing Emergency Center and Beijing Red Cross Emergency Center, which oversee all pre-hospital care in Beijing. The major illnesses were classified into 34 disease spectrum categories according to the Medical Priority Dispatch System (MPDS) which total includes 34 diseases. Data on pre-hospital emergency demand and first aid-related time intervals were analyzed to determine trends over the period.
514,061. Chlorophyll. BRITISH CHLOROPHYLL CO., Ltd., and REWALD, B. A. April 23, 1938, No. 12235. [Class 2 (iii)] , Chlorophyll is obtained from green vegetable material by extraction with one or more non- hydroxylic aliphatic compounds having at least two carbon atoms in the molecule, and wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are substituted by halogen, e.g. ethylene dichloride or trichlorethylene. The chlorophyll is recovered by evaporation of the solvent. The vegetable material may be extracted in,dried condition, and any wax-like substances extracted with the chlorophyll may be removed by treating the solid product obtained from the extract with a volatile liquid ketone, e.g. acetone, which dissolves the chlorophyll but not the wax. The colour effect of the chlorophyll may be increased by treating it with a copper salt, e.g. copper chloride.
BACKGROUND: Diet can have a major impact on health. In this study, we surveyed the extent to which the subject of diet was raised by patients in general practice and which patients desired such discussions.
MATERIAL AND METHOD: We conducted a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study of patients ≥ 18 years of age at GP practices in Western Norway in 2022. The questionnaire consisted of nine questions about dietary knowledge, the desire to receive dietary guidance and lose weight, and medication use. Logistic regression was used to identify groups more likely to report a desire to receive guidance on how diet affects health.
RESULTS: A total of 2105 of the 2531 (83 %) invited patients ≥ 18 years of age completed the questionnaire, and 2075 of these were included in the analysis. One in three had raised the subject of diet with their GP. A total of 96 % reported having the knowledge they needed about diet, 56 % wanted advice or guidance on how diet affects health, 62 % wanted to lose weight and 40 % reported being confused by diet/dietary advice. Younger patients, men, patients with lower levels of education, patients who wanted to lose weight and patients taking medication for chronic conditions more frequently wanted advice/guidance on how diet affects health.
INTERPRETATION: Over half of the patients in the GP practices wanted advice/guidance on how diet affects health. Knowing who is more likely to want guidance can be useful for prioritising which consultations are appropriate for providing guidance on diet and health impacts.
This review describes the risks and benefits of expanding screening for transmissible pathogens in deceased organ donors. The focus is on the experience and procedure in Germany to make a decision on how to proceed with a possible donor. Three issues are of interest in how screening policies impact the process with the aim of mitigating unexpected transmission risks: (1) Should we add universal or targeted nucleic acid testing to serological tests for common blood-borne viruses (BBVs; HIV, HBV, and HCV)? (2) Which tests should be added for screening in a geographically restricted region beyond testing for these BBVs? (3) Being faced with changes (e.g., climate and population) in the own geographically restricted region, what strategies are needed before implementing new tests, and which considerations apply for proper indication to do this? Testing may only be effective when during donor characterization the appropriate conclusions are drawn from the existing findings and screening tests are initiated. This statement overlaps the need to implement universal screening for a pathogen or targeted screening based on the risk that the donor has acquired the transmissible pathogen or is not as possible to identify by current methods of clinical judgment and/or specific tests.
Individuals will be invited to take part in an online survey (paper version will also be available). The participants will be recruited through advertisements on relevant platforms (e.g., Facebook, Twitter) and through relevant social care organisations. The study hopes to recruit 100 individuals from all over England (UK). A subgroup will be asked if they would like to take part in a one-to-one open-ended interview (n=20) and/or in direct observations (n=30).
Participants will receive GS-1427 (dose determined based on Part 1A) and ustekinumab, initial dose determined by body weight: 260 to 520 mg IV, then subsequent dose: 90 mg SC 8 weeks after the initial IV dose, and every 8 weeks up to week 16 ( total of 2 subcutaneous injections after initial IV ustekinumab). Participants will be eligible to continue and remain on the same dose of GS-1427 and ustekinumab combination therapy through Week 24.
Female patients of 50 and above y.o. shall initiate hormone therapy (Letrozol 2.5 mg or Anastrazol 1 mg) immediately after the diagnosis until surgery.