anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Thi is a cross sectional study selecting a specific interval (from 8:30 to 17:30) within a single working day of the week, to have a snapshot of the pain experience in a typical working day of the involved departments. The survey will carried out by two pairs of investigators made up of a doctor (possibly Anesthesiologist) and a nurse, not involved in the care of the patient, assigned to hand out a questionnaire-data collection to hospitalized patients or to their parents. Prior informed consent will be obtained by the doctor from parents or from patients more than six years old with the permission of their parents. They will sign a pre-printed paper form specifically formulated for individual ages. For patients and families with inability to understand Italian an interpreter will be used. Only the patients present in the two departments at the time of visit will be included in the study. The two committees will evaluate the adherence to international recommendations (JCI, WHO) in the management of pain treatment, pointing out the prevalence of pain, its intensity and pain therapy prescribed. When necessary, medical records will be consulted in order to verify the "pain history" in the hospital for individual patient and the appropriateness of analgesic administration respecting the intensity of pain experienced. Recorded data will be: 1) patient demographics (age sex, weight, presence of language barriers or cognitive deficits); 2) prevalence and intensity of moderate and/or severe pain during hospitalization, 24 hours before the interview, and at the time of the interview; 3) the type of analgesic administered, the way, the duration and frequency of administration of drugs; 4) the Pain Management Index (PMI) as suggested by Strohbuecker et al and modified for use in children. PMI compares the analgesic drug with the level of pain reported by the patient and is computed by subtracting pain scores from analgesic scores. The analgesics will be scored as follows: no analgesic: 0 points, WHO I: 1 point, WHO II: 2 points, WHO III: 3 points. We defined and scored pain levels of NRS and FLACC 0: no pain (0 points) NRS and FLACC 1-3: mild pain (1 point),.NRS and FLACC 4-6: moderate pain (2 points) and NRS and FLACC 7-10: severe pain (3 points). The PMI ranges from -3 (patients with severe pain receiving no drug at all) to +3 (patients receiving strong opioids and reporting complete pain relief), negative scores indicate undertreatment. For statistical analysis will be used a descriptive analysis using the minimum values, maximum values, averages and standard deviations.
PCT No. PCT/FI95/00234 Sec. 371 Date Nov. 12, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Nov. 12, 1997 PCT Filed Apr. 28, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/31969 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 30, 1995A pharmaceutical composition containing a microemulsion made up of a hydrophilic component, a lipophilic component, a surfactant and a drug, where the hydrophilic component, the lipophilic component and the surfactant form, when examined on a macroscopic scale, a one-phase solution. The hydrophilic component is dispersed as colloidal droplets in the lipophilic component, or the lipophilic component is dispersed as colloidal droplets in the hydrophilic component. According to still another alternative, the hydrophilic and the lipophilic components form a microemulsion with bicontinuous structure where the components form elongated adjacent channels. The drug is dissolved in the dispersed component or, in the case of a microemulsion with bicontinuous structure, in the hydrophilic or the lipophilic component. The microemulsion is stabilized by means of the surfactant. It is characteristic that a gelatinizer and water are added to the microemulsion thereby bringing the microemulsion into a gel form.
PURPOSE:A cholagogue having strong effect, prolonged effect, and high safety, comprising a 3,4-dihydrobenzopyran derivative as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:A cholagogue containing a compound (e.g., compound shown by the formula II, etc.) shown by the formula I (R<1>, R<2>, and R<3> are H, or alkyl; R<4> is H, or carboxyl; n is 0-2) as an active ingredient. A dose is 25-100mg/ day, preferably 25-50mg/day and the cholagogue is administered 2-3 times dividedly in the case of oral administration. The composition is preferably administered in a form suitable for absorption from the digestive organs, and is in the form of tablet, capsule, etc. A compound shown by the formula V where R<4> is carboxyl among the compound shown by the formula I as the active ingredient is obtained by reacting a compound shown by the formula III in the presence of both NaHSO3 and NaCN to give a compound shown by the formula IV, and hydrolyzing this compound further.
The investigators will follow 146 new parents of children \<5 years of age at 18 participating US adult CF centers to assess the primary outcome of percent predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (ppFEV1) up to 5 years after becoming a parent. A prospective approach will capture the immediate and long-term impact of the use of the highly effective CFTR modulator ETI (elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor) by \~90 percent of US adults with CF. By combining objective health measures and participant surveys, the investigators can comprehensively assess the psychosocial impacts of parenthood and explore the interplay between the parenting role and physical and mental health. The investigators anticipate identifying modifiable factors that may ameliorate negative health impacts of parenthood. The investigators will conduct hypothesis-generating, semi-structured dyadic interviews with a subset of parents and their key supports (partner/family/friend) to inform future interventions. The investigators have selected qualitative methodology to avoid preconceived theories/hypotheses.
Excessive diuresis may cause dehydration and blood volume reduction with circulatory collapse and and possibly vascular thrombosis and embolism, particularly in elderly patients. As with any effective diuretic, electrolyte depletion may occur during furosemide therapy, especially in patients receiving higher doses and a restricted salt intake. Hypokalemia may develop with furosemide, especially with brisk diuresis, inadequate oral electrolyte intake, when cirrhosis is present, or during concomitant use of corticosteroids or ACTH. Digitalis therapy may exaggerate metabolic effects of hypokalemia, especially myocardial effects.

All patients receiving furosemide therapy should be observed for these signs or symptoms of fluid or electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia or hypocalcemia): dryness of mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, arrhythmia, or gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting. Increases in blood glucose and alterations in glucose tolerance tests (with abnormalities of the fasting and 2-hour postprandial sugar) have been observed, and rarely, precipitation of diabetes mellitus has been reported.

Asymptomatic hyperuricemia can occur and gout may rarely be precipitated.

Patients allergic to sulfonamides may also be allergic to furosemide. The possibility exists of exacerbation or activation of systemic lupus erythematosus.

As with many other drugs, patients should be observed regularly for the possible occurrence of blood dyscrasias, liver or kidney damage or other idiosyncratic reactions.
The intervention group will have a predetermined nurseled consultation planned to assess medical status and symptom control at 0, 6 and 12 months. Seven days prior to the scheduled visit, the patient will receive an electronic invitation via RedCap to complete and send PRO data (HM-PRO). Prior to each appointment PRO data will be evaluated by a nurse from an algorithm deciding one of three tracks for the patients.
Obesity affects nearly half of the U.S. population, impacting health outcomes including diabetes, cardiovascular risk, longevity, and quality of life. While bariatric surgery such as gastric bypass stands as the most effective intervention, 65% of individuals experience persistent obesity when undergoing surgical weight loss alone. Given the wide-ranging impact of obesity on health outcomes, a critical need exists to explore the efficacy of adjuvant weight loss therapies after gastric bypass surgery. Tirzepatide (TRZ), a type of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, shows remarkable effectiveness in medical obesity with 25% weight loss after sustained therapy. However, nearly two-thirds of patients taking medications like TRZ have mild to moderate gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. These medication side-effects could be a consequence of gastroparesis via vagal stimulation of the stomach, and may represent a major driver of weight loss. Limited data exist regarding use of these newer agents, such as TRZ, in patients who have undergone gastric bypass, which disrupts vagal nerves responsible for managing food transit and gastric emptying. This is a major and timely scientific gap in understanding whether gastric bypass surgery might mitigate these GI symptoms while allowing for enhanced weight loss with adjuvant TRZ use in the post-operative period. The investigators propose a pilot, phase II, open-label trial enrolling patients twelve months after gastric bypass with a nadir Body Mass Index ≥ 30 kg/m2. Study subjects will be randomized to either 24 weeks of TRZ or post-surgery standard of care. Our proposal consists of two aims. First, the investigators will determine the impact of adjuvant TRZ administration on weight, total fat mass, and lean body mass in patients with a history of gastric bypass (Aim 1). Second, the investigators aim to investigate the frequency and severity of GI discomfort associated with TRZ utilizing a validated patient reported outcome questionnaire, and they will investigate the impact of TRZ on GI motility in patients with prior Gastric Bypass (Aim 2).
The safety and efficacy of midazolam for sedation/anxiolysis/amnesia following single dose intramuscular administration, intravenously by intermittent injections and continuous infusion have been established in pediatric and neonatal patients. For specific safety monitoring and dosage guidelines (see Boxed WARNING, CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, INDICATIONS AND USAGE , WARNINGS, PRECAUTIONS, ADVERSE REACTIONS, OVERDOSAGE and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION). UNLIKE ADULT PATIENTS, PEDIATRIC PATIENTS GENERALLY RECEIVE INCREMENTS OF MIDAZOLAM ON A MG/KG BASIS. As a group, pediatric patients generally require higher dosages of midazolam (mg/kg) than do adults. Younger (less than six years) pediatric patients may require higher dosages (mg/kg) than older pediatric patients, and may require closer monitoring. In obese PEDIATRIC PATIENTS, the dose should be calculated based on ideal body weight. When midazolam is given in conjunction with opioids or other sedatives, the potential for respiratory depression, airway obstruction, or hypoventilation is increased. The health care practitioner who uses this medication in pediatric patients should be aware of and follow accepted professional guidelines for pediatric sedation appropriate to their situation. 

Midazolam hydrochloride should not be administered by rapid injection in the neonatal population. Severe hypotension and seizures have been reported following rapid IV administration, particularly, with concomitant use of fentanyl. 

### Animal Data 

Published juvenile animal studies demonstrate that the administration of anesthetic and sedation drugs, such as Midazolam Injection that either block NMDA receptors or potentiate the activity of GABA during the period of rapid brain growth or synaptogenesis, results in widespread neuronal and oligodendrocyte cell loss in the developing brain and alterations in synaptic morphology and neurogenesis. Based on comparisons across species, the window of vulnerability to these changes is believed to correlate with exposures in the third trimester of gestation through the first several months of life, but may extend out to approximately 3 years of age in humans. 

In primates, exposure to 3 hours of ketamine that produced a light surgical plane of anesthesia did not increase neuronal cell loss, however, treatment regimens of 5 hours or longer of isoflurane increased neuronal cell loss. Data from isoflurane-treated rodents and ketamine-treated primates suggest that the neuronal and oligodendrocyte cell losses are associated with prolonged cognitive deficits in learning and memory. The clinical significance of these nonclinical findings is not known, and healthcare providers should balance the benefits of appropriate anesthesia in pregnant women, neonates, and young children who require procedures with the potential risks suggested by the nonclinical data (see WARNINGS, Pediatric Neurotoxicity, PRECAUTIONS, Pregnancy, and ANIMAL TOXICOLOGY AND/OR PHARMACOLOGY).
PURPOSE: A lysophosphatidylethanolamine derivative and an anti-inflammatory composition containing the same are provided to suppress peritonitis induced by zymosan A in vivo and to enhance anti-inflammatory cytokine(IL-10) generation. CONSTITUTION: A lysophosphatidylethanolamine derivative is denoted by chemical formulas 1-4. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating inflammatory diseases contains the derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient. The inflammatory diseases are asthma, periodontitis, stomatitis, peritonitis, gastritis, lymphocytic enteritis, arthritis, nephritis, hepatitis, or degenerative diseases. The composition is used as an oral formulation or an injection formulation. A health food for preventing and treating inflammatory diseases contains the derivative or salt thereof as an active ingredient.
The length of long bones is determined by column formation of proliferative chondrocytes and subsequent chondrocyte hypertrophy in the growth plate during bone development. Despite the importance of mechanical loading in long bone development, the mechanical conditions of the cells within the growth plate, such as the stress field, remain unclear owing to the difficulty in investigating spatiotemporal changes within dynamically growing tissues. In this study, the mechanisms of longitudinal bone growth were investigated from a mechanical perspective through column formation of proliferative chondrocytes within the growth plate before secondary ossification center formation using continuum-based particle models (CbPMs). A one-factor model, which simply describes essential aspects of a biological signaling cascade regulating cell activities within the growth plate, was developed and incorporated into CbPM. Subsequently, the developmental process and maintenance of the growth plate structure and resulting bone morphogenesis were simulated. Thus, stress anisotropy in the proliferative zone that affects bone elongation through chondrocyte column formation was identified and found to be promoted by chondrocyte hypertrophy. These results provide further insights into the mechanical regulation of multicellular dynamics during bone development.
BACKGROUND: Mental health in Puerto Rico is a complex and multifaceted issue that has been shaped by the island's unique history, culture, and political status. Recent challenges, including disasters, economic hardships, and political turmoil, have significantly affected the mental well-being of the population, coupled with the limitations in the accessibility of mental health services. Thus, Puerto Rico has fewer mental health professionals per capita than any other state or territory in the United States.
OBJECTIVE: This comprehensive review examines the impact of disasters on mental health and mental health services in Puerto Rico. Given the exodus of Puerto Ricans from the island, this review also provides an overview of mental health resources available on the island, as well as in the continental United States. This review identifies efforts to address mental health issues, with the intent of gaining a proper understanding of the available mental health services, key trends, as well as observable challenges and achievements within the mental health landscape of the Puerto Rican population.
DESIGN: A comprehensive search using the PRIMO database of the University of Central Florida (UCF) library database was conducted, focusing on key terms related to disasters and mental healthcare and services in Puerto Rico. The inclusion criteria encompassed studies on Puerto Rican individuals, both those who remained on the island and those who migrated post-disaster, addressing the mental health outcomes and services for adults and children. We included peer-reviewed articles published from 2005 onwards in English and/or Spanish, examining the impact of disasters on mental health, accessibility of services, and/or trauma-related consequences.
RESULTS: In this scoping review, we identified 39 studies addressing the mental health profile of Puerto Ricans, identifying significant gaps in service availability and accessibility and the impact of environmental disasters on mental health. The findings indicate a severe shortage of mental health services in Puerto Rico, exacerbated by disasters such as Hurricanes Irma and Maria, the earthquakes of late 2019 and early 2020 that followed, and the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in substantial delays in accessing care, and limited insurance coverage, particularly in rural regions. Despite these challenges, efforts to improve mental health services have included substantial federal funding and community initiative aimed at enhancing care availability and infrastructure. Limitations include the use of a single database, language restrictions, and potential variability in data extraction and synthesis.
CONCLUSIONS: This scoping review highlights the significant impact of disasters on mental health in Puerto Rico and the challenges in accessing mental health services exacerbated by disasters. Despite efforts, significant gaps in mental healthcare and services persist, emphasizing the need for more rigorous research and improvements in infrastructure and workforce to enhance mental health outcomes for Puerto Ricans both on the island and in the continental United States.
Liver injury is a strong independent predictor of mortality in patients with sepsis, in which gut dysbiosis plays a crucial role. Hydroxyl safflower yellow A (HSYA), an important component of safflower, has been used to treat liver injury in animal models. However, its role in sepsis-induced liver dysfunction and the specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the current study, we first discussed the discrepancy in the gut microbiota between the cecal ligation puncture (CLP) and HSYA groups using 16 S RNA sequencing. Our data demonstrated that HSYA supplementation significantly decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Campylobacterota, and further decreased the abundance of Bacteroidota, suggesting that the protective effects of HSYA against sepsis-induced liver injury may be partially attributed to the alteration of these bacteria. In addition, the metabolomic data identified 823 differentially expressed metabolites associated with sepsis-induced liver injury. After HSYA supplementation, the levels of 56 metabolites were restored to sham-like levels. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 4990 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the sham and CLP groups, and after HSYA injection, 1613 genes were modulated. Comprehensive analysis demonstrated that the enrichment pathways of the 903 DEGs mainly focused on inflammatory responses, amino acid metabolism, and Lipid reactions. In conclusion, our study revealed the potential mechanism of action of HSYA in sepsis-induced liver injury through a comprehensive analysis of 16 S RNA sequencing, metabolomics, and transcriptomics, thus providing a theoretical basis for further clinical applications of HSYA.
Abstract An active component with high chemical stability was identified and purified from resin of plant G.M.D. The resulting product has been extensively studied for its pharmacological and toxicological activities.          Data indicated that the active component functions as an very potent cytolytic chemical compound. Cells were irreversibly killed at very low concentration less than 10ng per ml.With such low concentration, there was however, very little evidence of intoxication.          In this report, I have invented various rapid methods for extracting the active component GMD 1630 in large quantity and way of long term storage. Also, in vitro bioassays and in vivo tests for monitoring intoxication were designed.
Recent advances in the genetics of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are gradually revealing the mechanisms underlying the heterogeneity of the disease and have shown promising results in patient stratification. Genetic characterization of the disease has been rapidly developed using genome-wide association studies, exome-wide association studies, phenome-wide association studies, and whole exome sequencing. These advances have been powered by the increase in computational power, the development of new analytical algorithms, including some based on artificial intelligence, and the recruitment of large and well-phenotyped cohorts. This review presents an update on genetic studies that emphasize new biological insights from next-generation sequencing approaches. Additionally, we discuss innovative methods for discovering new genetic loci for MASLD, including rare variants. To comprehensively manage MASLD, it is important to stratify risks. Therefore, we present an update on phenome-wide association study associations, including extreme phenotypes. Additionally, we discuss whether polygenic risk scores and targeted sequencing are ready for clinical use. With particular focus on precision medicine, we introduce concepts such as the interplay between genetics and the environment in modulating genetic risk with lifestyle or standard therapies. A special chapter is dedicated to gene-based therapeutics. The limitations of approved pharmacological approaches are discussed, and the potential of gene-related mechanisms in therapeutic development is reviewed, including the decision to perform genetic testing in patients with MASLD.
The procedure for FR focuses on activating specific reflex areas on the foot linked with the eye and eye disease, via massage. Although in the interest of repeatable precision, we have decided to use a FR board (fig.1) to conduct the procedure. This board has two foot shaped pieces of wood mounted on a flat board with springs. On top of these wooden feet are small wooden nodes, which are organized at precise locations to activate the reflexology of the foot by stimulation certain pressure points. The patient will be instructed to rest their feet on these boards with a comfortable pressure for a period of 5 minutes.
An agent for promoting hair growth and a preparation method for the same are provided. The method for preparing an agent for promoting hair growth that includes: (1) preparing an extract from eight medicinal herbs combined together at an optimal combination ratio to contain 50 to 70 wt. % of  Rumex japonicas  HOUTT, 3 to 6 wt. % of  Pleuropterus multiflorus , 1 to 2 wt. % of  Radix Notoginseng , 1 to 2 wt. % of safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius  L.), 1 to 2 wt. % of  Cnidium officinale , 0.5 to 1 wt. % of  Mentha Arvensis  var.  Piperascens , 0.5 to 1 wt. % of  Asarum sieboldii , and 0.5 to 1 wt. % of  Glycyrrhiza uralensis  Fischer; and (2) adding 10 to 15 wt. % of a purified horse fat to the extract. The present invention exhibits the remarkable effects of promoting hair growth, preventing hair loss, and providing skin care functions through the treatment of the underlying diseases, such as kidney infection, heart problems and liver disorders, that are in direct and close relation to hair loss, and by promoting blood circulation and metabolic activity.