anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (MLD) and Adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP) are among the most frequent inherited leukodystrophies. X-ALD and MLD can affect both children and adults, while it is thought that ALSP onset exclusively during adulthood. These three diseases are characterized by phenotypic variability and poor genotype-phenotype correlation. In childhood forms of MLD and childhood cerebral ALD (C-CALD) a devastating cerebral demyelination and neuronal degeneration lead to a rapid neurologic degradation and premature death. Patients with the adult form of X-ALD (adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN), 60% of males) display a progressive spastic paraplegia without brain involvement. However, 20% of AMN patients will also develop cerebral ALD. Patients diagnosed with the juvenile/adult (JA-) MLD form are affected by a progressive decline of their cognitive function, followed later by that of the motor abilities. ALSP patients present a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder that impairs behavioural, cognitive and motor functions.

Several arguments support the contribution of the immune response and neuroinflammation in these three leukodystrophies. In X-ALD, activation of microglia (macrophages of the CNS) plays an essential role in the acute demyelination phase, where a severe inflammatory process occurs. In ALSP, the dysfunctional protein (CSF1R) is almost exclusively expressed in microglia. Even if MLD is not considered as a neuroinflammatory disease per se, microglia activation and increased inflammatory cytokines are observed in the brain of MLD patients and mice. Even if the most commonly accepted hypothesis is that neuroinflammation is caused by secondary activation of microglia following phagocytosis of myelin debris full of undegraded material, a primitive role of the inflammation due to macrophages (MAC) dysfunction has emerged in recent years.

MATRIX proposes to explore how disease-related mutations affect key components of MAC activation responses and how it reflects on their functionality.
PURPOSE: To provide the subject new compound having excellent β3 -adrenergic receptor-stimulating activity and useful as an agent for prophylaxis and treatment for obesity, diabetes, hypersensitive intestinal diseases, acute or clonic diarrhea, etc. CONSTITUTION: This is a 2-alkylamino-1-phenylethanol derivative expressed by formula I  R1 is a halogen or trifluoromethyl; R2 is H or a lower alkyl; A is a group of formula II [X is O, S or NR6 (R6 is H or a lower alkyl); R3 is H or a lower alkyl] or formula [U (R4 is H, a halogen, a lower alkyl, etc.), etc.; when A is selected from heterocyclic rings such as formula III, R4 can be bound only on the benzene ring, etc.} or its pharmaceutically allowable acid adduct. For instance, the compound is 2-[2-(indole-5-oxy)- methylethylamino[-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethanol, etc. The compound of formula I is obtained e.g. by reacting a compound of formula TV with a compound of formula V.
NeuLumEX is a barium sulfate suspension 0.1% w/v, 0.1% w/w for oral administration. Each 100 mL contains 0.1 g barium sulfate. Barium sulfate, due to its high molecular density is opaque to x-rays and therefore, acts as a positive contrast agent for radiographic studies. The active ingredient is barium sulfate and its structural formula is BaSO4. Barium sulfate occurs as a fine, white, odorless, tasteless, bulky powder which is free from grittiness. Its aqueous suspensions are neutral to litmus. It is practically insoluble in water, solutions of acids and alkalies, and organic solvents. Inactive Ingredients: citric acid, natural gum, benzoic acid, sodium citrate, natural and artificial blueberry flavor, potassium sorbate, purified water, saccharin sodium, simethicone emulsion, sodium benzoate, and sorbitol.
PURPOSE:To obtain an antiviral agent having inhibitory action on multiplication of virus such as phage of Bacillus subtilis, adenovirus or hepatitis virus, containing a peptide of simple amino acid sequence to be readily synthesized as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:An antiviral agent containing a peptide containing an amino acid sequence shown by the formula (X1 is basic amino acid; X2 is alanine, glycine or sarcosine; X3 is acidic amino acid). The antiviral agent shows inhibitory activities against viruses having nucleic acid containing protein at the end, such as phage of Bacillus subtilis or Poliovirus. The amount of the peptide used is preferably about 0.01-1,000mg based on 1mug virus. For example, Arg-Gly- Asp or Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser, etc., may be cited as the peptide. The synthesis thereof is carried out by using ordinarily applicable peptide synthesizing method such as solid phase method, liquid phase method, etc.
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) causes Gram-negative lung infections and fatal pneumonic sepsis for which limited therapeutic options are available. The lungs are densely innervated by nociceptor sensory neurons that mediate breathing, cough, and bronchoconstriction. The role of nociceptors in defense against Gram-negative lung pathogens is unknown. Here, we found that lung-innervating nociceptors promote CRKP pneumonia and pneumonic sepsis. Ablation of nociceptors in mice increased lung CRKP clearance, suppressed trans-alveolar dissemination of CRKP, and protected mice from hypothermia and death. Furthermore, ablation of nociceptors enhanced the recruitment of neutrophils and Ly6Chi monocytes and cytokine induction. Depletion of Ly6Chi monocytes, but not of neutrophils, abrogated lung and extrapulmonary CRKP clearance in ablated mice, suggesting that Ly6Chi monocytes are a critical cellular population to regulate pneumonic sepsis. Further, neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide suppressed the induction of reactive oxygen species in Ly6Chi monocytes and their CRKP-killing abilities. Targeting nociceptor signaling could be a therapeutic approach for treating multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infection and pneumonic sepsis.
A liquid suspending vehicle comprising arrowroot and xanthan gum, wherein the total solids content is less than 4% w/v. Also disclosed in a method for forming said liquid suspending vehicle comprising adding arrowroot starch and xanthan gum to water; heating the mixture; cooling the mixture e.g. to room temperature; adding a buffer solution and mixing; and adjusting the pH of the formulation as necessary. The arrowroot may be selected from: ‘true’ Indian arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea ), Maranta ramosissima, Maranta allouya, Maranta nobilis, Maranta indica, Tous-les-mois, Tulema arrowroot (Canna coccinea), Brazilian arrowroot (Manihot utilissima or Manihot palmate), Portland arrowroot, (Arum macculatum), Potato farina or British arrowroot, Taro (Colocasia esculenta) or Numda, Tahitian arrowroot (Zamia integrifolia), tapioca from cassava (Manihot esculenta), Polynesian arrowroot, pia (Tacca leontopetaloides), Tacca, Otaheite arrowroot from the pia plant (Pia pinnatifida), or Japanese arrowroot (Pueraria lobata). The formulation may additionally comprise a buffer, flavouring, sweetener, and/or preservative. The buffer may be citric acid, sodium citrate, and/or sodium phosphate. The sweetener may be sucralose, sorbitol, stevia, monk fruit sweetener, and/or sucrose. The preservative may be an antimicrobial and/or an antioxidant such as potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate, methylparaben, and/or propylparaben. The formulation may comprise an active ingredient e.g. a medicament such as co-careldopa, sucralfate, spironolactone, clonazepam, solifenacin, diazepam, methyldopa, bisprolol, riboflavin, or calcium carbonate. The formulation may comprise less than 4 % arrowroot, 0.5 % or less xanthan gum, less than 1 % sweetener, and 2-12 % active. The arrowroot content may be greater than the xanthan gum content, and the ratio of arrowroot to xanthan gum may be 13:1, 12:1, or 6:1. The pH of the formulation may be 4-4.5. The formulation may have a flow index of 0.46 and a yield value in the range 10-60 dynes/cm2. The formulation may be stable and not degrade after one or more freeze-thaw cycles.
Plant resistance (R) genes play a crucial role in the detection of effector proteins secreted by pathogens, either directly or indirectly, as well as in the subsequent activation of downstream defence mechanisms. However, little is known about how R genes regulate the defence responses of conifers, particularly Pinus massoniana, against the destructive pine wood nematode (PWN; Bursaphelenchus xylophilus). Here, we isolated and characterised PmHs1pro-1, a nematode-resistance gene of P. massoniana, using bioinformatics, molecular biology, histochemistry and transgenesis. Tissue-specific expressional pattern and localisation of PmHs1pro-1 suggested that it was a crucial positive regulator in response to PWN attack in resistant P. massoniana. Meanwhile, overexpression of PmHs1pro-1 was found to activate reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism-related enzymes and the expressional level of their key genes, including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase. In addition, we showed that PmHs1pro-1 directly recognised the effector protein BxSCD1of PWN, and induced the ROS burst responding to PWN invasion in resistant P. massoniana. Our findings illustrated the molecular framework of R genes directly recognising the effector protein of pathology in pine, which offered a novel insight into the plant-pathogen arms race.
Studies in normal volunteers and patients with diabetes demonstrated that subcutaneous administration of NovoLog has a more rapid onset of action than regular human insulin.

In a study in patients with type 1 diabetes (n=22), the maximum glucose-lowering effect of NovoLog occurred between 1 and 3 hours after subcutaneous injection (see Figure 2). The duration of action for NovoLog is 3 to 5 hours. The time course of action of insulin and insulin analogs such as NovoLog may vary considerably in different individuals or within the same individual. The parameters of NovoLog activity (time of onset, peak time and duration) as designated in Figure 2 should be considered only as general guidelines. The rate of insulin absorption and onset of activity is affected by the site of injection, exercise, and other variables [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

Figure 2. Serial mean serum glucose collected up to 6 hours following a single pre-meal dose of NovoLog (solid curve) or regular human insulin (hatched curve) injected immediately before a meal in 22 patients with type 1 diabetes. 

A double-blind, randomized, two-way cross-over study in 16 patients with type 1 diabetes demonstrated that intravenous infusion of NovoLog resulted in a blood glucose profile that was similar to that after intravenous infusion with regular human insulin. NovoLog or human insulin was infused until the patient’s blood glucose decreased to 36 mg/dL, or until the patient demonstrated signs of hypoglycemia (rise in heart rate and onset of sweating), defined as the time of autonomic reaction (R) (see Figure 3).

Figure 3. Mean blood glucose profiles following intravenous infusion of NovoLog (hatched curve) and regular human insulin (solid curve) in 16 patients with type 1 diabetes. R represents the time of autonomic reaction.
Disclosed are methods of decreasing proliferation of adenocarcinoma cancer cells, or of inducing apoptosis of adenocarcinoma cancer cells, or of inducing differentiation of adenocarcinoma cancer cells into non cancerous cells. One such method includes contacting the adenocarcinoma cancer cells with a compound under conditions effective for the compound to inhibit binding of leukotriene B4 to leukotriene B4 receptor. In another such method, the method includes contacting the adenocarcinoma cancer cells with 2 (2 propyl 3 (3 (2 ethyl 4 (4 fluorophenyl)m inus;5 hydroxyphenoxy)propoxy)phenoxy)benzoic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or congener thereof. Also disclosed are methods of treating adenocarcinomas in a subject. One method includes administering to the subject an amount of a compound effective to inhibit binding of leukotriene B4 to leukotriene B4 receptor. Another method includes administering 2 (2 propyl 3 (3 (2 ethyl 4 (4 fluoropheyl)mi nus;5 hydroxyphenoxy)propoxy)phenoxy)benzoic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or congener thereof, to the subject.
A method of utilizing an individual's undifferentiated papilla and/or bulge stem area stem cells to stimulate hair growth. In the first step of the method, a donor section of skin is identified having growth of the type of hair for which increased growth at the recipient site is ought. Once the donor site is identified, it is anesthetized locally using any convenient means and a plurality of tissue samples are obtained from the site. The tissue samples preferably contain hair follicles with intact undifferentiated papilla and/or dermal stem cells, as well as immediately surrounding tissues. The stem cells are cloned to multiply the number of cells. Some of the stem cells can be frozen for later use. Some of the stem cells are inserted into the skin regions where hair restoration is desired. Various techniques are disclosed for inserting the stem cells into the skin.
PURPOSE: An extract of natural drugs such as Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum chuanxiong, Paeonia lactiflora and Solanum malongena L. is provided which is widely used in the improvement of hematopoietic function and immune function and can be effectively used in the protection of troubles in stem cells of hematopoietic system and regenerative tissue. CONSTITUTION: A mixture of Angelica sinensis(Oliv.) Diels, Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., Paeonia lactiflora Pall. var. hortensis Makino and Solanum malongena L. in equal parts by weight(10 to 35 parts by weight) is added with 5 to 20 times of water, extracted 3 times every 3 hours and then concentrated. The effective amount of the natural drug is 5 to 300mg/kg, preferably 10 to 150mg/kg, it can be administered 1 to 3 times per a day and has an LD50 value of 0.4 g/kg when injected into the abdominal cavity of mice.
Techniques for administering a care plan for a patient. A monitoring device is selected, at a care plan management system based on a care plan, to use in administering the care plan. The care plan specifies biometric data to monitor for a patient. The monitoring device is configured to collect the biometric data, based on the care plan. The biometric data collected using the monitoring device is received at the care plan management system. The biometric data includes a first event initially classified as a first type of event using the monitoring device. The first event is selected for reclassification, based on the initial classification, and in response the first event is reclassified as a second type of event using the care plan management system.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a support for a plaster, excellent in stretching properties, gas barrier properties, and also excellent in adhesion to a non-woven fabric, preferably also excellent in transparency, and to provide a plaster excellent in stretching properties, prevented from exudation and evaporation of medicinal ingredients and moisture, having a long lasting effect, and capable of being formed into a thin film with lasting good appearance.  <P>SOLUTION: There is provided the support for the plaster, which includes a coat layer F and a non-woven fabric G, in which the coat layer F is formed of an elastomer composition D containing 100 pts.wt. of a block polymer A having a weight average molecular weight of 50,000-200,000, which is a block copolymer having two or more polymer blocks X containing an aromatic vinyl monomer unit as a main constituent unit and one or more polymer blocks Y containing a conjugated diene monomer unit as a main constituent unit, or a hydrogenated product of the block copolymer, 5-150 pts.wt. of a softening agent B, and 10-400 pts.wt. of a polyolefin C, and one surface of the non-woven fabric G is coated with the coat layer F substantially uniformly. There is also provided a plaster prepared using the support.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
A method and apparatus for providing multiple injections from a fluid reservoir is provided. The device includes a fluid controller for controlling fluid flow from the fluid reservoir to the needle. An actuator selectively actuates the fluid controller to provide a dose of the drug from the fluid reservoir. The fluid controller is further configured to calculate a volume of fluid in the fluid reservoir required to provide a dose having a desired number of drug units for injection. The device may also include a detector configured to detect a characteristic indicative of the pressure of the fluid in the needle. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a number of units to dispense during an injection, automatically calculating an injection volume required to dispense the selected number of units based on the calculated unit volume, and tracking a total number of units dispensed during a series of injections.
Cosopt® (fixed combination of dorzolamide hydrochloride - timolol maleate ophthalmic solution). One drop of study medication taken approximately 12 hours apart, dosed 2 times a day for a total of two weeks.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for evaluating psychic symptom and psychological state capable of not only individually distinguishing the above-mentioned various symptoms but also collectively judging infection of various symptoms with high probability during diagnosis, medical examination, assessment and counselling of various symptoms utilizing the characteristics of the stimulation image of a Noe mask.  <P>SOLUTION: Response data and/or response time data are collected by collecting a response value and a response time value from the reply on each emotion item for each stimulation image and comparing with a reference value. Target data are collected from the response data and/or response time data for each stimulation image, and the target data of a specific emotion item for the specific stimulation image is produced. Distinction of a specific symptom is performed from the combination of selected stimulation image and emotion item and the stimulation image and emotion item stored in the database. For the specific symptom, individual data including the comparison with a sound person on the response data and/or response time data for each specific emotion item is produced for each specific symptom.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve diagnostic precision and increase efficiency in performances of image diagnostic works by diagnostic and medicare-doctors in medical institutions and medicare support works. SOLUTION: In an image of a patient taken at a photographing device 2, a characterized amount relating to the position of a lesion, its type, and the like, is automatically detected at a diagnostic support processing section 1, and the image and the characterized amount comprising the position of the lesion, its type and the like, are stored in diagnostic imaging data base 3. A diagnostic/medicare doctor gains access to the diagnostic imaging data base 3 from a diagnostic/medicare terminal 5 and displays the image and the characterized amount of the legion in order, to perform his professional services, e.g. diagnosis/medical treatment.  Based on the results of the diagnosis/ medical treatment, the diagnostic support processing section 1 generates a model for preparing a temporary report containing the image and the data associated with the characterized amount of the lesion and outputs it. The diagnostic/medicare doctor prepares a temporary report based upon the model for preparing the temporary report displayed on a temporary repot preparation/reference terminal 6. The prepared temporary report is stored in diagnostic report data base 4.
Interleukin-2 receptor derived from normal and malignant cells has been purified by use of various techniques including affinity chromatography in conjunction with a monoclonal antibody directed to the receptor. The purification process also includes reversed phased high performance liquid chromatography. By these techniques, interleukin-2 receptor has been purified to homogeneity. The high purification of the interleukin-2 receptor has made possible the sequencing of the amino acid residues at the N-terminal of this protein molecule. Double-stranded cDNA is prepared from polyadenylated RNA extracted from cell lines or other sources known to produce IL-2 receptor. The cDNA is inserted within a plasmid vector and then the recombinant plasmid employed to transform an appropriate host. Transformed hosts are identified and grouped into pools. Plasmid DNA prepared from these pools is hybridized with a labeled synthetic oligonucleotide probe corresponding to a portion of the amino acid sequence of the purified IL-2 receptor. The cDNA clone isolated with the probe is characterized by restriction enzyme mapping and sequenced by chain-termination method. The particular DNA clone that actually contains the gene coding for the functional IL-2 receptor is identified by expressing the clones in COS-7 monkey kidney cells and assaying for the expressed IL-2 receptor by its ability to bind IL-2 or a monoclonal antibody directed against the IL-2 receptor.
Subjects were recruited from outpatients with CVDs, under 18 years of age. All pa-tients have been verified the willingness of participating before the experiment. Patients was excluded if having abnormal blood pressure response, unstable angina pectoris, acute heart failure, congenital heart disease, and severe musculoskeletal diseases limiting.
BACKGROUND: Chronic atrophy gastritis (CAG) is a high-risk pre-cancerous lesion for gastric cancer (GC). The early and accurate detection and discrimination of CAG from benign forms of gastritis (e.g. chronic superficial gastritis, CSG) is critical for optimal management of GC. However, accurate non-invasive methods for the diagnosis of CAG are currently lacking. Cytokines cause inflammation and drive cancer transformation in GC, but their utility as a diagnostic for CAG is poorly characterized.
METHODS: Blood samples were collected, and 40 cytokines were quantified using a multiplexed immunoassay from 247 patients undergoing screening via endoscopy. Patients were divided into discovery and validation sets. Each cytokine importance was ranked using the feature selection algorithm Boruta. The cytokines with the highest feature importance were selected for machine learning (ML), using the LightGBM algorithm.
RESULTS: Five serum cytokines (IL-10, TNF-α, Eotaxin, IP-10 and SDF-1a) that could discriminate between CAG and CSG patients were identified and used for predictive model construction. This model was robust and could identify CAG patients with high performance (AUC = 0.88, Accuracy = 0.78). This compared favorably to the conventional approach using the PGI/PGII ratio (AUC = 0.59).
CONCLUSION: Using state-of-the-art ML and a blood-based immunoassay, we developed an improved non-invasive screening method for the detection of precancerous GC lesions.
FUNDING: Supported in part by grants from: Jiangsu Science and Technology Project (no. BK20211039); Top Talent Support Program for young and middle-aged people of Wuxi Health Committee (BJ2023008); Medical Key Discipline Program of Wuxi Health Commission (ZDXK2021010), Wuxi Science and Technology Bureau Project (no. N20201004); Scientific Research Program of Wuxi Health Commission (Z202208, J202104).
G3P-01 will be administered orally as a powdered mixed with water. Treatment Period four dose will be 2000mg of IP.