anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Low health literacy as a barrier to healthcare. Health literacy is defined as "the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions." A vast body of research shows that lower health literacy is associated with poorer outcomes, including higher hospitalization rates, worse health, and greater mortality. Approximately 75 million U.S. adults have low health literacy. Worse yet, racial and ethnic minorities and older individuals (age 65+) are more likely to have low health literacy, creating another mechanism for health disparities. These data indicate that many people will have difficulties adhering to treatment regimens that require health literacy, as well as completing questionnaires for public health and health research and care.

Improving self-report assessment. Health surveys are ubiquitous, but almost no questionnaires used across the country have been validated for use with people who have low health literacy. This is a glaring shortcoming in current survey validation methodology; inaccurate surveys lead to false conclusions and threaten the empirical foundation of everyone's efforts to understand and improve public health, healthcare, and health outcomes. Our goal is to rectify this shortcoming. This study will 1) determine the effect of health literacy on widely-used questionnaires, 2) determine the stability of psychometric properties of questionnaires over time, and 3) test various testing formats to determine which ones work best for people with low health literacy.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the study will implement phone-based assessments in addition to the original in-person protocol described above. The phone-based assessments will only be available to enrolled or previously enrolled participants. Participants will be asked questionnaires over the phone by a research coordinator at 3 time-points over 6 months.
Fanconi anemia (FA) represents a rare hereditary disease; it develops due to germline pathogenic variants in any of the 22 currently discovered FANC genes, which interact with the Fanconi anemia/breast cancer-associated (FANC/BRCA) pathway to maintain genome integrity. FA is characterized by a triad of clinical traits, including congenital anomalies, bone marrow failure (BMF) and multiple cancer susceptibility. Due to the complex genetic background and a broad spectrum of FA clinical symptoms, the diagnostic process is complex and requires the use of classical cytogenetic, molecular cytogenetics and strictly molecular methods. Recent findings indicate the interplay of inflammation, oxidative stress, disrupted mitochondrial metabolism, and impaired intracellular signaling in the FA pathogenesis. Additionally, a shift in the balance towards overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines and prooxidant components in FA is associated with advanced myelosuppression and ultimately BMF. Although the mechanism of BMF is very complex and needs further clarification, it appears that mutual interaction between proinflammatory cytokines and redox imbalance causes pancytopenia. In this review, we summarize the available literature regarding the clinical phenotype, genetic background, and diagnostic procedures of FA. We also highlight the current understanding of disrupted autophagy process, proinflammatory state, impaired signaling pathways and oxidative genotoxic stress in FA pathogenesis.
A method of forming an immunocompatible scaffold for a recipient. A decellularized tissue matrix is contacted in vitro with eukaryotic cells immunocompatible to the recipient to cover an exterior surface of the decellularized tissue matrix to form the immunocompatible scaffold. The decellularized tissue is formed from tissue xenogenic to the recipient. The decellularized tissue matrix may be contacted with alpha-galactosidase prior to recellularizing the decellularized tissue matrix. This process may be completed in a manner of days, rather than weeks. The immunocompatible scaffold may be fixed with a fixing agent such as glutaraldehyde, forming a shelf stable product.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol, urapidil, and a combined administration of these drugs against middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) induced ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury model in rats.
METHODS: Thirty-five rats were divided into five groups of seven animals each. Animals in IR, IR resveratrol (IRr), IR urapidil (IRu), and IR + combination of resveratrol and urapidil (IRc) were exposed to MCAO induced cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury model. Rats in IRr and IRu groups received 30-mg/kg resveratrol and 5-mg/kg urapidil respectively. Animals in IRc received a combined treatment of both drugs. At the end of the study, brain tissues were used for oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase), pro-apoptotic caspase-3, anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, and pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-α cytokine level measurements.
RESULTS: The MCAO model successfully replicated IR injury with significant histopathological changes, elevated tissue oxidative stress, and upregulated apoptotic and inflammatory protein expression in IR group compared to control group (p < 0.001). All parameters were significantly alleviated in IRr group compared to IR group (all p < 0.05). In IRu group, all parameters except for caspase-3 and Bcl-2 were also significantly different than IR group (all p < 0.05). The IRc group showed the biggest difference compared to IR group in all parameters (all p < 0.001). The IRc had higher superoxide dismutase and Bcl-2 levels, and lower caspase-3 levels compared to both IRr and IRu groups (all p < 0.05). Also, the IRc group had lower MDA and TNF-α levels compared to IRu group (all p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that combined treatment of resveratrol and urapidil may be a novel strategy to downregulate neurodegeneration in cerebral IR injury.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating cerebral infarction. The composition is prepared from schisandra neglecta, trapa incise root, poria, sculellaria barbata, manyprickle acanthopanax root, meliosma rigida, earthworm, lagochuilus platyacanthus rupr, radix astragali preparata, salviae miltiorrhizae, sea-buckthorn, broadleaf holly leaf, zizania aquatica, rhizoma acori graminei, lotus plumule, hispid arthraxon, fingered citron, woolly-fruited glochidion root, thunbergia fragrans and herba andrographitid. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is especially used for treating cerebral infarction, is safe in clinical application and does not irritate organs after being taken. The composition can be used for remarkably improving the curative effect, changing or relieving the drug property and eliminating toxic and side effects of medicines due to the reasonable compatibility of the components. The composition has short treatment cycle and remarkable curative effect. Clinical application researches indicate that the composition has an effective cure rate of 92.3 percent and a total effective rate of 98.5 percent on cerebral infarction.
1364815 Microcapsules TOYO JOZO CO Ltd 29 Dec 1972 [30 Dec 1971] 59941/72 Heading B8C Microcapsules are prepared by dissolving or dispersing a core substance in a solution of a film-forming polymer, emulsifying the product in a liquid vehicle which is poorly miscible with the polymer solvent and adding to the emulsion a non-solvent for the polymer which is miscible with the solvent but only poorly miscible with the vehicle, whereby solvent is removed from the emulsified particles thereby to cause encapsulation of the core material in the polymer. Various core materials are mentioned, specific examples relating to pancreatin powder, phosphatase, lipase, glycolysis enzymes, urease, activated carbon and dried micro-organisms (Fusarium solani), the physiologically active substances thereby being converted into enteric forms. Many polymers are mentioned including cellulose derivatives, shellac, polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polyvinyls, gelatine, gum arabic, polystyrene, polyesters and co-polymers. The vehicle may be lipophilic (e.g. paraffin or silicone oil) or hydrophilic (e.g. ethylene glycol, aqueous gelatine solution or formamide), the solvent and non-solvent being chosen according to the nature of the polymer and the vehicle (e.g. benzene as solvent) and nhexane or petroleum ether as non-solvent with an ethylene glycol vehicle and polystyrene or polyester polymer. A finely divided solid, e.g. silica may be present to facilitate formation of a stable emulsion, this becoming incorporated into the microcapsule walls.
Mellow Babies is a group day programme, run one day a week over 14 weeks with a joint focus on maternal wellbeing and the parentinfant interaction: transport and crèche facilities are provided.The focus is to: (a) explicitly enhance close mother-infant attunement, using a combination of baby-massage, interaction coaching and infant focussed speech; and (b) offer mothers support for their own distress. Mellow Babies is an intervention designed for mothers with substantial problems in their relationships with their infants. Typically, participating mothers have mental health difficulties, problem drug use, learning difficulties, forensic issues or they may have children already looked after by the local authority.
INTRODUCTION: Remote monitoring can strengthen postoperative care in the community and minimise the burden of complications. However, implementation requires a clear understanding of how to sustainably integrate such complex interventions into existing care pathways. This study aimed to explore perceptions of potential facilitators and barriers to the implementation of digital remote postoperative monitoring from key stakeholders and derive recommendations for an implementable service.
METHODS: A qualitative implementation study was conducted of digital remote postoperative wound monitoring across two UK tertiary care hospitals. All enrolled patients undergoing general surgery, and all staff involved in postoperative care were eligible. Criterion-based purposeful sampling was used to select stakeholders for semi-structured interviews on their perspectives and experiences of digital remote postoperative monitoring. A theory-informed deductive-inductive qualitative analysis was conducted; drawing on normalisation process theory (NPT) to determine facilitators for and barriers to implementation within routine care.
RESULTS: There were 28 semi-structured interviews conducted with patients (n = 14) and healthcare professionals (n = 14). Remote postoperative monitoring was perceived to fulfil an unmet need in facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of postoperative complications. Participants perceived clear benefit to both the delivery of health services, and patient outcomes and experience, but some were concerned that this may not be equally shared due to potential issues with accessibility. The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated telemedicine services are feasible to deliver and acceptable to participants, with examples of nurse-led remote postoperative monitoring currently supported within local care pathways. However, there was a discrepancy between patients' expectations regarding digital health to provide more personalised care, and the capacity of healthcare staff to deliver on these. Without further investment into IT infrastructure and allocation of staff, healthcare staff felt remote postoperative monitoring should be prioritised only for patients at the highest risk of complications.
CONCLUSION: The COVID-19 pandemic has sparked the digital transformation of international health systems, yet the potential of digital health interventions has yet to be realised. The benefits to stakeholders are clear, and if health systems seek to meet governmental policy and patient expectations, there needs to be greater organisational strategy and investment to ensure appropriate deployment and adoption into routine care.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT05069103.
Cadonilimab is the world's first PD-1/CTLA-4 bispecific antibody tumor immunotherapy new drug, a tetrameric PD-1/CTLA-4 bispecific antibody, which can only bind to TIL tetravalent co-expressing PD-1 and CTLA-4. This design not only retains the efficacy observed in the combination therapy of PD-1 plus CTLA-4 inhibitors, but also reduces the risk of activated T cells attacking healthy tissues, thereby alleviating the toxicity problem outside the tumor. On June 29, 2022, the National Medical Products Administration of China approved the new drug Cadonilimab for the treatment of recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer patients who have failed platinum-based chemotherapy. Currently, a phase II clinical study of lenvatinib combined with Cadonilimab systemic treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma is underway, and preliminary results reveal that in 30 enrolled patients, the ORR was 44.4%, the DCR was 77.8%, the treatment-related adverse reaction rate was 83.3%, but the incidence of grade 3 or above adverse reactions was only 26.7%. The safety of this antibody in patients is generally good. This study intends to evaluate the safety and efficacy of HAIC combined with lenvatinib and cadonilimab as a conversion regimen in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.
Ganglion cysts (GC) are an uncommon complication following arthroscopic knee surgery. Due to high rates of recurrence following GC resection, many symptomatic patients can experience pain and discomfort for years. The presence of a GC at the site of an arthroscopic knee portal has only been reported once before in the literature. This case report details the history, physical and treatment of an active-duty soldier who had undergone various aspirations and surgical resections with limited improvement until the most recent operative intervention. At 18 months postoperatively, the patient had not experienced recurrence and had returned to all activities. We believe this surgical technique yielded resolution of the GC because following resection, the joint was checked to exclude areas of fluid extravasation, the capsule closure was performed with non-absorbable barbed suture and the operative extremity was immobilised in extension for 2 weeks to promote soft tissue rest and healing.
The invention belongs to the field of physics and chemistry, and particularly provides an intelligent drug carrier with neighborhood effect and pH/reduction sensitive shell crosslinking, and a preparation method and application research thereof. The drug carrier is formed by mixing two block polymers to form a micelle and then crosslinking the micelle. In the synthetic block, PABA is a hydrophobic segment, and the phenylboronic acid structure above can be coupled with the polyphenol drugs to form a boric acid ester bond, so that drug entrapment is completed. PDPA is a hydrophobic segment, and the tertiary amine structure and boric acid ester bond generate neighborhood effect stabilizing drugs and generate hydrophilic-hydrophobic change at low pH. PEI is a hydrophilic segment, blocks are mixed and self-assembled to form a micelle, and a reduction sensitive cross-linking agent is used for carrying out shell cross-linking on PEI and loading macromolecular protein drugs. The drug carrier can perform controlled targeting drug administration on tumor tissue sites under low pH and reducing conditions.
The antihypertensive effectiveness of BYSTOLIC as monotherapy has been demonstrated in three randomized, double-blind, multi-center, placebo-controlled trials at doses ranging from 1.25 to 40 mg for 12 weeks (Studies 1, 2, and 3). A fourth placebo-controlled trial demonstrated additional antihypertensive effects of BYSTOLIC at doses ranging from 5 to 20 mg when administered concomitantly with up to two other antihypertensive agents (ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, and thiazide diuretics) in patients with inadequate blood pressure control.

The three monotherapy trials included a total of 2016 patients (1811 BYSTOLIC, 205 placebo) with mild to moderate hypertension who had baseline diastolic blood pressures (DBP) of 95 to 109 mmHg. Patients received either BYSTOLIC or placebo once daily for twelve weeks. Two of these monotherapy trials (Studies 1 and 2) studied 1716 patients in the general hypertensive population with a mean age of 54 years, 55% males, 26% non-Caucasians, 7% diabetics and 6% genotyped as PMs. The third monotherapy trial (Study 3) studied 300 Black patients with a mean age of 51 years, 45% males, 14% diabetics, and 3% as PMs.

Placebo-subtracted blood pressure reductions by dose for each study are presented in . Most studies showed increasing response to doses above 5 mg. Table 2

Study 4 enrolled 669 patients with a mean age of 54 years, 55% males, 54% Caucasians, 29% Blacks, 15% Hispanics, 1% Asians, 14% diabetics, and 5% PMs. BYSTOLIC, 5 mg to 20 mg, administered once daily concomitantly with stable doses of up to two other antihypertensive agents (ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, and thiazide diuretics) resulted in significant additional antihypertensive effects over placebo compared to baseline blood pressure.

Effectiveness was similar in subgroups analyzed by age and sex. Effectiveness was established in Blacks, but as monotherapy the magnitude of effect was somewhat less than in Caucasians.

The blood pressure lowering effect of BYSTOLIC was seen within two weeks of treatment and was maintained over the 24-hour dosing interval.

There are no trials of BYSTOLIC demonstrating reductions in cardiovascular risk in patients with hypertension, but at least one pharmacologically similar drug has demonstrated such benefits.
BACKGROUND: Abortion is an important issue that concerns all women. It holds great significance to investigate the correlation between various types of abortion histories and the neonatal outcomes of subsequent pregnancies.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included pregnant women who gave birth to singleton live-born in Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital from 2016 to 2020 (n = 75 773). Women with a history of abortion, including spontaneous abortion (SAB) and induced abortion (IA), were included in the exposed group, and the remaining were included in the unexposed group. The main outcomes were birthweight and preterm birth in the subsequent pregnancy. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the association of maternal abortion history with birthweight and risk of preterm birth in subsequent pregnancy.
RESULTS: Women who have experienced SAB history had an increased risk of delivering very low birth weight (VLBW) and preterm birth children, with (OR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.15-2.32; OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.07-1.79). However, women with a history of IA were at greater risk of macrosomia (OR = 1.16; 95% CI = 1.06-1.27). We also observed that the likelihood of delivering a VLBW baby was heightened by the number of SAB occurrences (OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.54-1.38; OR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.01-3.36, OR = 5.71, 95% CI = 3.21-10.15).
CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that pregnant women with a history of SAB are at an increased risk of delivering VLBW infants and experiencing preterm labour. The risk is positively associated with the number of SABs. Conversely, women with a history of IA are more likely to deliver macrosomic infants.
Patients with colorectal or appendiceal cancer undergo PIPAC with oxaliplatin IP. For cycles 2 and 3, patients receive leucovorin IV over 10 minutes and fluorouracil IV over 15 minutes 1-24 hours before undergoing PIPAC. Treatment repeats every 4-6 weeks for up to 3 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The broad ligament is dissected down till the uterine bundle is identified. Once the uterine vascular bundle is identified the space can be dissected just above these vessels to reach the lateral margins of cervix. Any fatty tissue should be moved with the bladder. Uterine vessels are then tackled by desiccation or ligation. Similar procedure is done on the opposite side. Once the bladder is completely dissected and lifted off from the cervix below, midline adhesions of the bladder and pillars can be gradually separated using sharp dissection or Ligasure staying near to cervix (Chen et al., 2007).
Balloon pulmonary angioplasty continues to gain traction as a treatment option for patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease with and without pulmonary hypertension. Recent European Society of Cardiology guidelines on pulmonary hypertension now give balloon pulmonary angioplasty a Class 1 recommendation for inoperable and residual chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Not surprisingly, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension centers are rapidly initiating balloon pulmonary angioplasty programs. However, we need a comprehensive, expert consensus document outlining critical concepts, including identifying necessary personnel and expertise, criteria for patient selection, and a standardized approach to preprocedural planning and establishing criteria for evaluating procedural efficacy and safety. Given this lack of standards, the balloon pulmonary angioplasty skill set is learned through peer-to-peer contact and training. This document is a state-of-the-art, comprehensive statement from key thought leaders to address this gap in the current clinical practice of balloon pulmonary angioplasty. We summarize the current status of the procedure and provide a consensus opinion on the role of balloon pulmonary angioplasty in the overall care of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease with and without pulmonary hypertension. We also identify knowledge gaps, provide guidance for new centers interested in initiating balloon pulmonary angioplasty programs, and highlight future directions and research needs for this emerging therapy.
Adipocyte-cancer cell interactions promote tumor development and progression. Previously, we identified adipsin (CFD) and its downstream effector, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), as adipokines that enhance adipocyte-breast cancer stem cell interactions. Here, we show that adipsin-dependent adipocyte maturation and the subsequent upregulation of HGF promote tumor invasion in breast cancers. Mature adipocytes, but not their precursors, significantly induced breast tumor cell migration and invasion in an adipsin expression-dependent manner. Promoters of tumor invasion, galectin 7 and matrix metalloproteinases, were significantly upregulated in cancer cells cocultured with mature adipocytes; meanwhile, their expression levels in cancer cells cocultured with adipocytes were reduced by adipsin knockout (Cfd KO) or a competitive inhibitor of CFD. Tumor growth and distant metastasis of mammary cancer cells were significantly suppressed when syngeneic mammary cancer cells were transplanted into Cfd KO mice. Histological analyses revealed reductions in capsular formation and tumor invasion at the cancer-adipocyte interface in the mammary tumors formed in Cfd KO mice. These findings indicate that adipsin-dependent adipocyte maturation may play an important role in adipocyte-cancer cell interaction and breast cancer progression.