anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A balanced inflammatory response is crucial for the organism to defend against external infections, however, an exaggerated response may lead to detrimental effects, including tissue damage and even the onset of disease. Therefore, anti-inflammatory drugs are essential for the rational control of inflammation. In this study, we found that a previously screened peptide TaY (KEKKEVVEYGPSSYGYG) was able to inhibit the LPS-induced RAW264.7 inflammatory response by decreasing a series of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and nitric oxide (NO). To elucidate the underlying mechanism, we conducted further investigations. Western blot analysis showed that TaY reduced the phosphorylation of key proteins (IKK-α/β, IκB-α,NF-κB (P65)) in the TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway and inhibited the inflammatory response. Furthermore, molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations suggested that TaY binds to the hydrophobic pocket of MD2 through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, potentially competing with LPS for MD2 binding. Collectively, TaY is a promising candidate for the development of novel therapeutic strategies against inflammatory disorders.
It is now widely understood that visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a highly active and dynamic organ, with many functions beyond lipid accumulation and storage. In this review, we discuss the immunological role of this tissue, underpinned by the presence of fat-associated lymphoid clusters (FALCs). FALC's distinctive structure and stromal cell composition support a very different immune cell mix to that found in classical secondary lymphoid organs, which underlies their unique functions of filtration, surveillance, innate-like immune responses, and adaptive immunity within the serous cavities. FALCs are important B cell hubs providing B1 cell-mediated frontline protection against infection and supporting B2 cell-adaptative immune responses. Beyond these beneficial immune responses orchestrated by FALCs, immune cells within VAT play important homeostatic role. Dysregulation of immune cells during obesity and aging leads to chronic pathological "metabolic inflammation", which contributes to the development of cardiometabolic diseases. Here, we examine the emerging and complex functions of B cells in VAT homeostasis and the metabolic complications of obesity, highlighting the potential role that FALCs play and emphasize the areas where further research is needed.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced (IRI-induced) acute kidney injury is accompanied by mononuclear phagocyte (MP) invasion and inflammation. However, systematic analysis of extracellular vesicle-carried (EV-carried) proteins mediating intercellular crosstalk in the IRI microenvironment is still lacking. Multiomics analysis combining single-cell RNA-Seq data of kidney and protein profiling of kidney-EV was used to elucidate the intercellular communication between proximal tubular cells (PTs) and MP. Targeted adhesion and migration of various MPs were caused by the secretion of multiple chemokines as well as integrin β1-rich EV by ischemic-damaged PTs after IRI. These recruited MPs, especially Fn1+ macrophagocyte, amplified the surviving PT's inflammatory response by secreting the inflammatory factors TNF-α, MCP-1, and thrombospondin 1 (THBS-1), which could interact with integrin β1 to promote more MP adhesion and interact with surviving PT to further promote the secretion of IL-1β. However, GW4869 reduced MP infiltration and maintained a moderate inflammatory level likely by blocking EV secretion. Our findings establish the molecular bases by which chemokines and kidney-EV mediate PT-MP crosstalk in early IRI and provide insights into systematic intercellular communication.
Group 3 wards will receive a multifaceted antibiotic stewardship intervention. Physician education will be provided as in Group 1. All consecutive patients fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria for study eligibility will be assessed by an Antibiotic Stewardship team. A trained nurse will first assess the patients for clinical and host criteria to determine eligibility for short-course antibiotic therapy. The antibiotic susceptibility test results and the prescribed antibiotics treatment will be reviewed. An Infectious Diseases physician will subsequently make written recommendations for the duration and choice of antibiotic therapy, and provide an appointment within 2 weeks after hospital discharge to review patients' clinical condition when indicated.
Intra-abdominal pressure will be set to 12-15 mmHg during the surgery. Moderate neuromuscular block will be induced by rocuronium bolus 0.6 mg/kg, maintained by a continuous infusion of rocuronium (0.3mg/kg/h), and titrated towards train-of-four (TOF) twitch 1-2.
MAPKK4 has been implicated in the pathological mechanisms underlying myocardial and vascular injury, specifically influencing endothelial cell damage and programmed cell death via subcellular pathways. Nevertheless, the regulatory role of MAPKK4 in coronary microvascular injury following myocardial infarction remains unconfirmed, and the exploration of targeted mitochondrial protective therapeutic agents remains unaddressed. In light of this gap, we established a MAPKK4 gene-modified mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion injury and employed Buyang Huanwu decoction (BYHW), a traditional cardiovascular therapeutic formula, to assess its efficacy in treating coronary microvascular injury post-ischemia-reperfusion. The study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which BYHW mitigates coronary microvascular injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion through the attenuation of endothelial cell apoptosis. Experimental outcomes revealed that high-dose BYHW significantly ameliorated coronary microvascular injury post-ischemia-reperfusion, restoring the structural integrity of the coronary microvasculature and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Contrarily, in transgenic mice overexpressing MAPKK4, BYHW intervention failed to attenuate microvascular inflammation and oxidative stress. To further investigate, we simulated hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in vascular endothelial cells using a MAPKK4-related cellular gene modification model. The results indicated that BYHW attenuates inflammatory damage and enhances the viability of vascular endothelial cells following hypoxic stress, inhibiting apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. However, overexpression of MAPKK4/p38 negated the therapeutic effects of BYHW, showing no impact on endothelial cell apoptosis and oxidative stress under hypoxic conditions. Molecular interaction studies confirmed that the active components of BYHW, Astragaloside IV and Ligustrazine, interact with the MAPKK4/P38 axis. In vitro experiments further suggested that the interaction between MAPKK4 and P38 play a crucial role in the ability of BYHW to inhibit apoptosis in coronary microvascular endothelial cells. Therapeutically, MAPKK4 may potentiate the apoptotic pathway in microvascular endothelial cells by modulating downstream P38 expression and phosphorylation, thereby exacerbating ischemia-reperfusion-induced coronary microvascular endothelial injury. From an in vivo perspective, the transgenic overexpression of MAPKK4 and P38 inhibited the microvascular protective effects of BYHW. These findings collectively underscore the significance of the MAPKK4-P38 axis in the protection of coronary microvascular endothelial cells.
The invention relates to a progestogen-based pharmaceutical composition for use in hormone replacement therapy, i.e. for the treatment of menopausal symptoms, the postmenopausal syndrome and osteoporosis. The object of the invention is, by creating a new type of composition, to make loss-free and rapid uptake of the particular progestogen possible. The achievement according to the invention comprises embedding the progestogen in a carboxyvinyl polymer or its neutralisation product and setting up close contact with the absorption organ. The invention relates to gels, coated drug forms, ointments, transdermal therapeutic systems and formulations such as tablets, coated tablets or capsules, whose conversion in the body results in a gel. The invention embraces progestogens such as dienogest, chlormadinone acetate, norgestimate, lynestrenol, levonorgestrel, cyproterone acetate, desogestrel, gestodene and norethisterone acetate. The carboxyvinyl polymers are copolymers of one or more acrylic and/or methacrylic esters with acrylic, methacrylic, itaconic, crotonic, maleic or fumaric acid, in which the acid content is between 2 and 50%, preferably between 5 and 25%.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly safe antioxidant, a beautifying and whitening agent, and a skin preparation for external use comprising the same.  <P>SOLUTION: The antioxidant and the beautifying and whitening agent comprise as effective ingredients extracts from at least one basidiomycete selected from among Pleurotus abalones, Pholiota squarrosa, Onnia orientalis, Astraeus hygrometricus and Pleurotus nebrodensis. These extracts exhibit excellent free radical-scavenging ability and are useful for suppression of oxidation of the skin and prevention/improvement of skin ageing. Moreover, these extracts have tyrosinase activity-inhibiting actions and can suppress melanogenesis. Fungi of these basidiomycetes are edible and are excellently safe, and therefore these extracts can be appropriately incorporated with the skin preparation for external use.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Recently, wearables, like smartwatches, have been gaining new possibilities in monitoring biological signals and they are used for home monitoring of health conditions. The newest models of smartwatches even measure peripheral blood oxygen saturation (SpO2). The study aims to compare the measurement of peripheral blood oxygen saturation using the latest smartwatch with a medical-grade pulse oximeter under the condition of normobaric hypoxia. Healthy participants will breathe oxygen-reduced mixtures (the hypoxic gas mixture of 12% O2 and 88% N2 and the hypercapnic and hypoxic gas mixture of 12% O2, 5% CO2, and 83% N2), which will temporarily reduce their blood oxygen saturation. SpO2 measurements will be taken by hand from the watch and the pulse oximeter simultaneously. The agreement of the measurements of both devices will be evaluated.
Using rubber dam isolation we will remove the caries using large round but under copious amount of coolant and if carious exposure occur, part of the pulp chamber will be removed using sharp spoon excavator. After complete removal of the caries and control of bleeding, then direct application of incremental layers of TheraCal using the tip of the syringe container of the material and each layer should not exceed 1 mm then light curing each increment. Then Riva self-cure glass-ionomer base and composite resin final restoration. We will take immediate standardized postoperative periapical radiographs.
Refnot is administered at a dose of 400,000 IU subcutaneously 3 times a week for 4 weeks. 4 weeks constitute 1 course of treatment with Refnot. In the absence of progression of the disease - an additional 4 weeks.
BACKGROUND: Back pain is the number one condition contributing to years lived with disability worldwide, and one of the most common reasons for seeking primary care. Research on this condition in the ageing population is sparse. Further, the heterogeneity of patients with back pain complicates the management in clinical care. It is possible that subgrouping people with similar characteristics would improve management. This paper aimed to identify latent classes based on demographics, pain characteristics, psychosocial behavior, and beliefs and attitudes about back pain, among older patients seeking primary care with a new episode of back pain, and to examine if there were differences regarding the classes' first point-of-contact.
METHODS: The study was part of the international BACE (Back complaints in elders) consortium and included 435 patients aged ≥ 55 years seeking primary care (general practitioners, physiotherapists, and chiropractors) in Norway from April 2015 to March 2020. A latent class analysis was performed to identify latent classes. The classes were described in terms of baseline characteristics and first point-of-contact in primary care.
RESULTS: Four latent classes were identified. The mean age was similar across groups, as were high expectations towards improvement. Class 1 (n = 169, 39%), the "positive" class, had more positive attitudes and beliefs, less pain catastrophizing and shorter duration of current pain episode. Class 2 (n = 31, 7%), the "fearful" class, exhibited the most fear avoidance behavior, and had higher mean pain intensity. Class 3 (n = 33, 8%), the "distressed" class, had the highest scores on depression, disability, and catastrophizing. Finally, class 4 (n = 202, 46%), the "hopeful" class, showed the highest expectations for recovery, although having high pain intensity. The identified four classes showed high internal homogeneity, sufficient between-group heterogeneity and were considered clinically meaningful. The distribution of first point-of-contact was similar across classes, except for the positive class where significantly more patients visited chiropractors compared to general practitioners and physiotherapists.
CONCLUSIONS: The identified classes may contribute to targeting clinical management of these patients. Longitudinal research on these latent classes is needed to explore whether the latent classes have prognostic value. Validation studies are needed to evaluate external validity.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04261309.
Dexmedetomidine is administered during anesthesia (0.6 mcg/kg for 10 min, then 0.5 mcg/kg/h). Blood pressure is maintained within ±10% of baseline with noradrenaline infusion and fluid management.
This disclosure features methods and compositions for treating diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with an integrin inhibitor. In particular, the disclosure features the topical treatment of sections and subsections of the gastrointestinal tract by integrin inhibitors (like vedolizumab) using an ingestible device that can detect its whereabouts in the Gl tract by using reflectance and which is programmed to release the drugs at a given site or proximal thereto, to treat gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases. The device has hardware storage devices with instructions on board to determine the location and release the formulations. Combination therapies are claimed as well in which the integrin inhibitor is added systemically and another agent (e.g. JAK inhibitor, TNF-alpha inhibitor or IL-12/IL-23 inhibitor) is added topically by means of the ingestible device. The topical administration is said to reduce the side effects associated with systemic treatment.
Norepinephrine Bitartrate Injection, USP, is a sterile, clear, colorless to slightly yellow solution for injection intended for intravenous use. It contains the equivalent of 1 mg of norepinephrine base per 1 mL (4 mg per 4 mL). It is available as follows:

Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.] Protect from light.

Store in original carton until time of administration to protect from light. Discard unused portion.

Sterile, Nonpyrogenic, Preservative-free.

The container closure is not made with natural rubber latex.
Metastatic breast cancer is rarely cured by current therapies. ER+ breast cancers ultimately become resistant to all available anti-estrogens. Response rates to estrogens are similar to those of anti-estrogens in the metastatic setting. Given that ER+ breast cancers are often responsive to anti-estrogens and estrogens, alternating anti-estrogen/estrogen therapies may be more effective than continuous treatment with either type of agent. Anecdotal evidence indicates that such a strategy of alternating therapies is effective in some patients. Preclinical evidence suggests that anti-estrogen-resistant ER+ breast cancers are sensitized to the anti-tumor effects of estrogens. Such cells harbor subpopulations that can ultimately regain the ability to grow in the presence of estrogens, and revert to their anti-estrogen-sensitive state. The investigators will formally test whether alternating 17B-estradiol/anti-estrogen therapies is effective for the management of anti-estrogen-resistant metastatic ER+/HER2- breast cancer, and to identify molecular biomarkers that predict tumor response to 1) 17B-estradiol and 2) alternating 17B-estradiol/anti-estrogen therapies. If successful, this study would present a novel strategy to manage metastatic ER+/HER2- breast cancer by pre-emptively switching therapies prior to disease progression.
BACKGROUND: Utilization of low-dose oral minoxidil has increased in recent years in association with several clinical studies that have shown its efficacy in treating androgenetic alopecia (AGA).  Objective: To assess dermatology providers' attitudes and recommendation behaviors of oral minoxidil for the treatment of AGA.
METHODS: An online survey gauging the professional opinions, prescribing behaviors, and use of oral minoxidil was sent using the Orlando Dermatology Aesthetic and Clinical Conference email listserv which included multiple levels of dermatology practitioners including MD/DOs, NPs, and PAs across the United States.
RESULTS: Overall, the survey was sent to 2200 providers, and 201 (9.1%) responses were collected. 81% (n=139) of respondents supported the use of oral minoxidil for AGA. Support varied significantly (P=.03) by providers' number of years in practice with those in practice for greater than 30 years with the least amount of support. 92% of respondents (130, n=141) reported feeling comfortable prescribing oral minoxidil, and 83% (116, n=140) found oral minoxidil to be better than its topical formulation. 78% (108, n=139) felt their patients were satisfied with their results, and 89% (124, n=140) felt oral minoxidil was well tolerated by their patients.
CONCLUSIONS: This study found that most prescribers use oral minoxidil as a treatment for AGA and find it to be an effective and tolerable option for patients. Support for oral minoxidil was significantly impacted by providers' years in practice. J Drugs Dermatol. 2024;23(3): doi:10.36849/JDD.7519.
Psoriasis, a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin ailment affecting approximately 2-3% of the global population, is characterized by persistent symptoms. Dexamethasone, a primary corticosteroid for treating psoriasis, demonstrates notable efficacy; however, its limited skin permeation results in documented adverse effects. To address this, the presented study employed a novel strategy to conjugate gold nanorod and dexamethasone and evaluate their potential for mitigating psoriatic inflammation using an imiquimod-induced mouse model and human skin cells. Our findings revealed enhanced cutaneous penetration of gold nanorod and dexamethasone conjugates compared with that of dexamethasone, owing to superior skin penetration. Gold nanorod and dexamethasone conjugates demonstrated an optimal pharmacological impact at minimal dosages without toxicity during extended use. To further enhance the effectiveness of gold nanorod and dexamethasone conjugates, 808 nm near-infrared laser irradiation, which reacts to gold, was additionally applied to achieve thermal elevation to expedite drug skin penetration. Supplementary laser irradiation at 808 nm significantly ameliorated psoriatic symptoms following deep gold nanorod and dexamethasone conjugates penetration. This corresponded with restored peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ levels and accelerated dexamethasone release from the gold nanorod and dexamethasone conjugates complex. These findings highlight the potential of gold nanorod and dexamethasone conjugates to enhance drug penetration through dermal layers, thereby aiding psoriasis treatment. Moreover, its compatibility with photothermal therapy offers prospects for novel therapeutic interventions across various inflammatory skin disorders.
OBJECTIVES: Midodrine, an oral α-1-adrenergic receptor agonist, counters arterial hypovolemia and reduces complications in adult patients with cirrhosis. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of midodrine in preventing complications and improving survival in children with cirrhosis and ascites who are awaiting liver transplantation (LT).
METHODS: This open-label RCT conducted from January 2022 to May 2023 included children under 18 years with cirrhosis and ascites. Patients were randomized to receive either midodrine plus standard medical therapies (SMTs) or SMT alone. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of cirrhosis-related complications within 6 months.
RESULTS: Thirty-five subjects were enrolled and randomized. Patients in the midodrine arm had a lower incidence of new-onset acute kidney injury (AKI) compared with the SMT arm (11.1% vs. 41.2%). Patients in the midodrine arm showed a decline in serum creatinine and improvement in glomerular filtration rate, whereas no changes were observed in the SMT arm. There was a lower incidence of new-onset hyponatremia in the midodrine arm (20% vs. 56%). Midodrine led to reduction in plasma rennin activity (PRA) and improvement in systemic hemodynamics. There was no difference in the rate of resolution of ascites, recurrence of ascites, requirement of therapeutic paracentesis, cumulative albumin infusion requirement, episodes of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and hepatic encephalopathy between the two arms.
CONCLUSION: Midodrine, when added to SMT, was effective in reducing the incidence of new-onset AKI and hyponatremia in pediatric cirrhotics awaiting LT. It also improved systemic hemodynamics and showed a trend towards reducing PRA.
The present disclosure provides a method that includes cooling an aqueous mixture of dermatologically-injectable or periodontally-injectable micro-particles to a temperature of 2 °C or lower. The mixture is substantially isotonic to blood or to extracellular fluid. The micro-particles have a water contact angle of 60° or greater. At least a portion of the micro-particles are in suspension. The disclosure also provides an apparatus that includes a mixer sized and shaped to accept an elongate vessel. The apparatus includes a cooler in thermal communication with the mixer or with an accepted elongate vessel. The cooler can cool an accepted elongate vessel to a temperature that is from -10 °C to 1 °C. The mixer is rotatable around an axis that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of an accepted elongate vessel, where the axis of rotation of the mixer is perpendicular to gravity when the apparatus is in an operating position.