anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A method for planning the insertion of bone cement into an orthopedic void of a vertebra. A three dimensional preoperative image of the vertebra is used and the voxels are analyzed to provide the voxel absorption levels. The absorption levels are transformed into mechanical properties of regions of the vertebra, such that a three dimensional mesh of the mechanical properties of the vertebra is generated. An entry point and an entry angle are selected on the vertebra, through which to inject bone cement into the void. Then, using the known viscosity of the bone cement, and using the entry point and entry angle, a finite elements analysis may be performed on the mesh to simulate the propagation of the bone cement into the orthopedic void. The simulation is repeated using different operational parameters until said propagation of said bone cement is deemed satisfactory.
Introduction: The Cardiopulmonary Arrest (CRP) is the largest medical emergency, training is fundamental for a good performance in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR). In a realistic simulation scenario, the results tend to improve with the use of feedback manikins that evaluate the quality parameters in CPR and show in real time what the rescuer needs to improve in order to be successful in training and increase the probability of success in future real care. Objective: To verify the efficacy of the manikins with feedback in the training of physicians and nurses in the courses of Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) authorized by the American Heart Association (AHA). Methods: Comparison of CPR performance of ACLS students. The intervention group will be submitted to the real-time feedback of the manikins, the control group will receive feedback from the instructor. Statistical analysis will consist of inter-group comparisons and will cover mean, standard deviation, and parametric tests such as Student's T test. The results will be related to the characteristics of the sample, including anthropometric profile, profession, training time, practice area, previous training with a focus on CPR and physical exercise practice.
INTRODUCTION: Spinal cord injury (SCI) often leads to neuropathic pain that negatively affects quality of life. Several qualitative research studies in individuals with SCI who experience neuropathic pain indicate the lack of adequate information about pain. We previously developed an educational resource, the SeePain, based on scientific literature and a series of qualitative interviews of people with SCI, their significant others/family members, and SCI healthcare providers.
METHODS: However, to quantitatively evaluate the utility of this educational resource in a larger sample, we examined the agreement and usefulness ratings of statements regarding clarity/comprehensibility, content, and format of the SeePain, derived from the thematic analysis of our previous qualitative interviews. Participants completed a survey that provided a digital version of the SeePain and then rated their agreement/usefulness with the statements using numerical rating scales.
RESULTS: There were overall high perceived agreement and usefulness ratings regarding the SeePain's clarity, content, and format. A factor analysis reduced the agreement and usefulness ratings into 4 components (content, clarity, format, and delivery medium). Group comparisons showed that individuals with higher education were more likely to endorse electronic and website formats, and the usefulness of a shorter version of the SeePain; females and younger individuals showed greater endorsement for clarity. Finally, higher pain intensity ratings were associated with greater agreement and usefulness of the content of the SeePain.
DISCUSSION: Overall, these results support the utility of the SeePain as a source of information regarding pain that may facilitate communication about pain and its management following SCI.
Obesity is a major global health concern. Studies suggest that the gut microflora may play a role in protecting against obesity. Probiotics, including lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacterium, have garnered attention for their potential in obesity prevention. However, the effects of Bifidobacterium-fermented products on obesity have not been thoroughly elucidated. Bifidobacterium, which exists in the gut of animals, is known to enhance lipid metabolism. During fermentation, it produces acetic acid, which has been reported to improve glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, and exhibit anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects. Functional foods have been very popular around the world, and fermented milk is a good candidate for enrichment with probiotics. In this study, we aim to evaluate the beneficial effects of milks fermented with Bifidobacterium strains on energy metabolism and obesity prevention. Three Bifidobacterium strains (Bif-15, Bif-30, and Bif-39), isolated from newborn human feces, were assessed for their acetic acid production and viability in milk. These strains were used to ferment milk. Otsuka-Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats administered Bif-15-fermented milk showed significantly lower weight gain compared to those in the water group. The phosphorylation of AMPK was increased and the expression of lipogenic genes was suppressed in the liver of rats given Bif-15-fermented milk. Additionally, gene expression related to respiratory metabolism was significantly increased in the soleus muscle of rats given Bif-15-fermented milk. These findings suggest that milk fermented with the Bifidobacterium strain Bif-15 can improve lipid metabolism and suppress obesity.
System and methods are provided for augmented reality displays for medical and physiological monitoring. Augmented reality user interfaces are virtually pinned to a physical device, a location, or to a patient. An augmented reality position determination process determines the presentation of user interfaces relative to reference positions and reference objects. Detection of gestures causes the augmented reality users interfaces to be updated, such as pinning a user interface to a device, location, or patient. Looking away from an augmented reality user interface causes the user interface to minimize or disappear in an augmented reality display. An augmented reality gesture detection process determines gestures based on captured image data and computer vision techniques performed on the image data.
In various embodiments, a plurality of inputs for a CDS algorithm that is executable by one or more processors may be identified ( 602 ). A plurality of health parameters associated with a patient-of-interest may be obtained ( 604 ) for use as at least some of the plurality of inputs for the CDS algorithm. One or more of the plurality of inputs for which a corresponding health parameter associated with the patient is out-of-date or unavailable may be identified as suboptimal ( 606 ). The CDS algorithm may then be executed ( 616 ) using the plurality of health parameters as input. Output indicative of a result of the CDS algorithm may be rendered ( 618 ). In various embodiments, the output may present at least one data point associated with the suboptimal one or more inputs more conspicuously than one or more data points associated with other inputs, e.g., using visual or audible annotations.
Repetitive head impacts (RHIs) from football are associated with the neurodegenerative tauopathy chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). It is unclear whether a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is sufficient to precipitate CTE neuropathology. We examined the association between TBI and CTE neuropathology in 580 deceased individuals exposed to RHIs from football. TBI history was assessed using a modified version of the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method Short Form administered to informants. There were 22 donors who had no TBI, 213 who had at least one TBI without loss of consciousness (LOC), 345 who had TBI with LOC, and, of those with a history of TBI with LOC, 36 who had at least one moderate-to-severe TBI (msTBI, LOC >30 min). CTE neuropathology was diagnosed in 405. There was no association between CTE neuropathology status or severity and TBI with LOC (odds ratio [OR] = 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.64-1.41; OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 0.71-2.09) or msTBI (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.33-1.50; OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.30-3.41). There were no associations with other neurodegenerative or cerebrovascular pathologies examined. TBI with LOC and msTBI were not associated with CTE neuropathology in this sample of brain donors exposed to RHIs from American football.
The pharmacokinetic (PK) behavior of ferumoxytol has been examined in healthy subjects and in patients with CKD stage 5D on hemodialysis. Ferumoxytol exhibited dose-dependent, capacity-limited elimination from plasma with a half-life of approximately 15 hours in humans. The clearance (CL) was decreased by increasing the dose of ferumoxytol. Volume of distribution (Vd) was consistent with plasma volume, and the mean maximum observed plasma concentration (Cmax) and terminal half-life (t1/2) values increased with dose. The estimated values of CL and Vd following two 510 mg doses of ferumoxytol administered intravenously within 24 hours were 69.1 mL/hr and 3.16 L, respectively. The Cmax and time of maximum concentration (tmax) were 206 mcg/mL and 0.32 hr, respectively. Rate of infusion had no influence on ferumoxytol PK parameters. No gender differences in ferumoxytol PK parameters were observed. Ferumoxytol is not removed by hemodialysis.
DNA and protein sequences are disclosed for several new members of the IAP gene family, namely ILP-2 and ILP-3 homologs which modulate TGFβ receptor activity. The ILP-2 sequence modulates apoptosis and activates JNK activity. ILP-3 inhibits ILP-1-mediated JNK activation. The disclosure also includes specific binding agents (such as antibodies) that recognize ILP-2 and ILP-3, methods of decreasing apoptosis by increasing ILP-2 expression, methods of increasing apoptosis by decreasing ILP-2 expression, methods of treating disease caused by mutations, therapeutic compositions that include ILP-2 and/or ILP-3, recombinant DNA molecules, probes, and transformed cells that incorporate the DNA sequence to express ILP-2 and/or ILP-3. The disclosure also includes methods of diagnosis and treatment of diseases caused by an increased expression of ILP-2 and/or ILP-3, such as neurodegenerative diseases, and methods of treatment of diseases caused by unwanted apoptosis, such as occurs in autoimmune diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. The disclosure also includes methods of diagnosis and treatment of diseases caused by an underexpression of ILP-2 and/or ILP-3, such as cancer.
AIMS: Given the extremely limited regeneration potential of the heart, one of the most effective strategies to reduce the prevalence and mortality of coronary artery disease is prevention. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are by-products of beneficial probiotics, have been reported to possess cardioprotective effects. Despite their beneficial roles, delivering SCFAs and maintaining their effective concentration in plasma present major challenges. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to devise a strategy to prevent coronary heart disease effectively by using engineered probiotics to continuously release SCFAs in vivo.
METHODS AND RESULTS: We engineered a novel probiotic cocktail, namely EcN_TL, from the commercially available Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) strain to continuously secrete SCFAs by introducing the propionate and butyrate biosynthetic pathways. Oral administration of EcN_TL enhanced and maintained an effective concentration of SCFAs in the plasma. As a preventative strategy, we observed that daily intake of EcN_TL for 14 days prior to ischaemia-reperfusion injury significantly reduced myocardial injury and improved cardiac performance compared with EcN administration. We uncovered that EcN_TL's protective mechanisms included reducing neutrophil infiltration into the infarct site and promoting the polarization of wound healing macrophages. We further revealed that SCFAs at plasma concentration protected cardiomyocytes from inflammation by suppressing the NF-κB activation pathway.
CONCLUSION: These data provide strong evidence to support the use of SCFA-secreting probiotics to prevent coronary heart disease. Since SCFAs also play a key role in other metabolic diseases, EcN_TL can potentially be used to treat a variety of other diseases.
A suppository comprises a carrier which on melting at body temperature furnishes a liquid with which a gas-forming constituent, enclosed in the carrier in solid dry state and fusibly or solubly coated to exclude moisture, reacts to foam the carrier and spread a medicament incorporated in the carrier or in the gas-forming constituent throughout the body cavity.  The carrier may comprise a soft jelly, and the gas-forming constituent may comprise two dry interactable powders mixed together or separately with fusible or soluble moisture-excluding materials, and formed into square-section rods or other formed bodies, or into grains or lumps.  In a modification, gas may be sealed under pressure in a fusible or soluble capsule for enclosure in the carrier.  Fusible or soluble capsules may also be employed to enclose the gas-forming materials before embedding in the carrier, and to enclose the carrier itself. In an example, 55 grams of tartaric acid and 25 grams of sodium bicarbonate are mixed and finely ground and the mixture incorporated with a melted mixture of 60 grams of cocoa-butter and 3 c.c. of olive oil; the pasty mass so obtained is moulded into square-section rods or other formed bodies, or into sheets from which formed bodies are stamped.  When solidified the bodies are coated with the cocoa-butter-olive-oil mixture or petroleum jelly to exclude moisture.  The carrier is then made by dissolving 125 grams of gelatine in 200 c.c. of warm aqueous solution of mercuric cyanate of strength 1 : 10,000, to which 5 grams of egg albumen may have been added; the following ingredients are then added, aluminium aceto tartrate, 20,grams, hexyl resorcinol, 100 c.c. of 1 : 1000 solution, kalada juice, 100 c.c., glycerine 350 c.c.  The carrier may be rendered opaque by whipping air into it or adding an opacifying substance.  The suppository is moulded in a two-part mould, the lower half of which is first almost filled with jelly carrier upon which after setting a rod or the like of gas-forming material is laid.  The mould is then closed and filled with jelly carrier in a vertical position.
Intervention group: enteral nutrition from the first postoperative night until 50% of caloric requirements are covered by oral nutrition. Enteral nutrition will start at a flow of 250 ml/12h. If tolerated, enteral nutrition will be increased to 500 ml/12h on postoperative day 1, 750 ml/12h on postoperative day 2, and 1000 ml/12h on postoperative day 3. A hypercaloric enteral nutrition will be used (Isosource Energy Fibre or similar).
Patients with a disturbed sense of limb ownership (DSO) offer a unique window of insight into the multisensory processes contributing to the sense of body ownership. A limited amount of past research has examined the role of sensory deficits in DSO, and even less is known regarding the role of patient self-reported somatosensory sensations in the pathogenesis of DSO. To address this lack of knowledge we first conducted a systematic scoping review following PRISMA-SR guidelines, examining current research into somatosensory deficits and patient self-reported somatosensory sensations in patients with DSO. Eighty studies, including 277 DSO patients, were identified. The assessment of sensory deficits was generally limited in scope and quality, and deficits in tactile sensitivity and proprioception were most frequently found. The reporting of somatosensory sensations was even less frequent, with instances of paraesthesia (pins-and-needles), stiffness/rigidity, numbness and warmth, coldness and heaviness amongst the deficits recorded. In a second part of the study, we sought to directly address the lack of evidence concerning the impact of patient self-reported somatosensory sensations in DSO by measuring DSO and self-reported somatosensory sensations in a large (n = 121) sample of right-hemisphere stroke patients including N = 65 with DSO and N = 56 hemiplegic controls. Results show that feelings of coldness and stiffness modulate DSO symptoms. Sense of heaviness and numbness are more frequent in patients with DSO but do not have a clear impact on disownership symptomology. Although preliminary, these results suggest a role of subjective sensations about the felt body in the sense of limb ownership.
Methods of identifying compounds that modulate bcl-2 mediated cell death are disclosed. The methods comprise contacting a cell or cell extract with a test compound and detecting the level of bcl-2 phosphorylation compared to the level of bcl-2 phosphorylation in a similar cell or cell extract not contacted with the test compound. Methods of treating an individual susceptible to or suffering from a disease characterized by inhibition of apoptosis are disclosed. The methods comprise administering to such an individual an bcl-2 phosphorylation compound that inhibits dephosphorylation of bcl-2 and/or facilitates phosphorylation of bcl-2. Methods of treating an individual susceptible to or suffering from a diseases characterized by apoptosis are disclosed. The methods comprise administering to such an individual a bcl-2 dephosphorylation compound that inhibits phosphorylation of bcl-2 and/or facilitates dephosphorylation of bcl-2.
This Phase 2 study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of sacrosidase and placebo in male and female subjects aged 18 years or older objectively diagnosed with fructan intolerance via fructan breath test within 6 months prior to informed consent and are negative for inflammatory bowel disease or low-grade GI bacterial infection, detected by fecal calprotectin test, celiac disease, detected by serology for anti-gluten protein antibodies, congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency (CSID), detected by sucrose hydrogen-methane breath test, and have a negative result for abnormal uncontrolled thyroid function, detected by the standard TSH blood test. This study will consist of a Screening Visit, Baseline Period, Treatment Period 1, Washout Period, and Treatment Period 2. Subjects will be required to attend 5 clinic visits during study participation. Subjects will be randomized in a 1:1 fashion to either receive sacrosidase or placebo during Treatment Period 1. Following a 7-day Washout Period, subjects will receive their crossover study medication for Treatment Period 2. Subjects will take their assigned study medication for 7 days during each Treatment Period.
Mechano-electric regulations (MER) play an important role in the maintenance of cardiac performance. Mechano-calcium and mechano-electric feedback (MCF and MEF) pathways adjust the cardiomyocyte contractile force according to mechanical perturbations and affects electro-mechanical coupling. MER integrates all these regulations in one unit resulting in a complex phenomenon. Computational modelling is a useful tool to accelerate the mechanistic understanding of complex experimental phenomena. We have developed a novel model that integrates the MER loop for human atrial cardiomyocytes with proper consideration of feedforward and feedback pathways. The model couples a modified version of the action potential (AP) Koivumäki model with the contraction model by Quarteroni group. The model simulates iso-sarcometric and isometric twitches and the feedback effects on AP and Ca2+-handling. The model showed a biphasic response of Ca2+ transient (CaT) peak to increasing pacing rates and highlights the possible mechanisms involved. The model has shown a shift of the threshold for AP and CaT alternans from 4.6 to 4 Hz under post-operative atrial fibrillation, induced by depressed SERCA activity. The alternans incidence was dependent on a chain of mechanisms including RyRs availability time, MCF coupling, CaMKII phosphorylation, and the stretch levels. As a result, the model predicted a 10% slowdown of conduction velocity for a 20% stretch, suggesting a role of stretch in creation of substrate formation for atrial fibrillation. Overall, we conclude that the developed model provides a physiological CaT followed by a physiological twitch. This model can open pathways for the future studies of human atrial electromechanics. KEY POINTS: With the availability of human atrial cellular data, interest in atrial-specific model integration has been enhanced. We have developed a detailed mathematical model of human atrial cardiomyocytes including the mechano-electric regulatory loop. The model has gone through calibration and evaluation phases against a wide collection of available human in-vitro data. The usefulness of the model for analysing clinical problems has been preliminaryly tested by simulating the increased incidence of Ca2+ transient and action potential alternans at high rates in post-operative atrial fibrillation condition. The model determines the possible role of mechano-electric feedback in alternans incidence, which can increase vulnerability to atrial arrhythmias by varying stretch levels. We found that our physiologically accurate description of Ca2+ handling can reproduce many experimental phenomena and can help to gain insights into the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
PURPOSE:To obtain shampoo composition having excellent conditioning effect and frothing ability exhibiting low irritation to skin or eyes without squeak in wet state containing secondary amido-amino acid, non-volatile silicone and cationic polymer. CONSTITUTION:(A) 1-45wt.% a compound expressed by formula I (R1 is 7-23C alkyl or aralkyl, etc.; X is H or ammonium ion, etc.) or salt of said compound is mixed with (B) 0.01-10wt.% non-volatile silicone derivative having 5-15000000cS viscosity at 25 deg.C and (C) 0.01-5wt.% cationic polymer as essential ingredients and well-known shampoo additive is suitably mixed, then prepared to afford the aimed composition. Dimethylpolysiloxane as the component B, and cationized cellulose derivative as the component C, are respectively exemplified. Furthermore, 0.1-20wt.% hydroxysulfobetaine expressed by formula II (R2 is 8-18C hydrocarbon group; R3 and R4 are CH3 or C2H5) is used instead of the component C, or preferably both are jointly used in preparation.
BACKGROUND: The MACF1 gene, found on chromosome 1p34.3, is vital for controlling cytoskeleton dynamics, cell movement, growth, and differentiation. It consists of 101 exons, spanning over 270 kb. The 16p13.11 microduplication syndrome results from the duplication of 16p13.11 chromosome copies and is associated with various neurodevelopmental and physiological abnormalities. Both MACF1 and 16p13.11 microduplication have significant impacts on neural development, potentially leading to nerve damage or neurological diseases. This study presents a unique case of a patient simultaneously experiencing a de novo MACF1 mutation and a hereditary 16p13.11 microduplication, which has not been reported previously.
CASE PRESENTATION: In this report, we describe a Chinese preterm newborn girl exhibiting the typical characteristics of 16.13.11 microduplication syndrome. These features include developmental delay, respiratory issues, feeding problems, muscle weakness, excessive joint movement, and multiple congenital abnormalities. Through whole-exome sequencing, we identified a disease-causing mutation in the MACF1 gene (c.15266T > C / p. Met5089Thr). Additionally, after microarray analysis, we confirmed the presence of a 16p13.11 microduplication (chr16:14,916,289 - 16,315,688), which was inherited from the mother.
CONCLUSIONS: The patient's clinical presentation, marked by muscle weakness and multiple birth defects, may be attributed to both the de novo MACF1 mutation and the 16p13.11 duplication, which could have further amplified her severe symptoms. Genetic testing for individuals with complex clinical manifestations can offer valuable insights for diagnosis and serve as a reference for genetic counseling for both patients and their families.