anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
new therapeutic methods are being proposed that can be used in the community to steer the aging process toward "healthy aging." An example of a holistic approach to the patient can be found in microkinesitherapy. The focus of microkinesitherapy is to find and restore areas of the body that have lost their vitality and mobility, using gentle touches on various body tissues using specific body maps. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of microkinesitherapy treatment in community-dwelling older adults. It was decided to evaluate the impact of a single therapy session on a range of psycho-somatic indicators. The hypotheses were as follows: (H1) The microkinesitherapy intervention will improve the physical function assessed using the Senior Fitness Test, (H2) A single microkinesitherapy treatment will not affect gait performance, (H3) A single microkinesitherapy treatment will improve the quality of life of the participants.
PURPOSE:To titled composition, obtained by blending a physiologically active substance sparingly soluble in water as an active ingredient with an inorganic Ca salt and alginate, nondisintegrable in animal oral cavity and rumen, capable of exhibiting disintegrating property in and after the abomasum and having improved palatability. CONSTITUTION:A medicinal composition obtained by granulating a physiologically active substance sparingly soluble in water with an inorganic calcium salt, e.g. calcium carbonate, calcium primary phosphate, etc. as an excipient and an alginate, e.g. sodium alginate, etc., as a binder. The contents of the ingredients in the composition are preferably 20-40% inorganic calcium salt and >=0.01% alginte.
BACKGROUND: Postoperative pain delays ambulation, extends hospital stay, reduces the probability of recovery, and increases risk of long-term functional impairment. Pain management in hip fractured patients poses a challenge to the healthcare teams. Older adults are more vulnerable to opioid-associated side effect and it is primordial to minimize their exposure to opioids. Acetaminophen is associated with reduced opioid use so we need to focus on acetaminophen use in first-line analgesia.
METHODS: We conducted a controlled before/after study to assess the ability of an audit and feedback (A&F) intervention built with nurses to improve the quality of perioperative pain management in older patients hospitalized for hip fracture in an orthogeriatric unit (experimental group) versus a conventional orthopedic unit (no A&F intervention). The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients who received 3 g/day of acetaminophen during the three postoperative days, before and after the A&F intervention. Secondary endpoints included nurses' adherence to medical prescriptions, clinical data associated with patients and finally factors associated with intervention. The significative level was set at 0.05 for statistical analysis.
RESULTS: We studied data from 397 patients (mean age 89 years, 75% female). During the postoperative period, 16% of patients from the experimental group received 3 g/day of acetaminophen before the A&F intervention; the percentage reached 60% after the intervention. The likelihood of receiving 3 g/day of acetaminophen during the postoperative period and adhering to the medical prescription of acetaminophen were significantly increased in the experimental group as compared with the control group. The patient's functional status at discharge (assessed by Activities of Daily Living scores) was significantly better and the length of hospital stay significantly reduced after the A&F intervention.
CONCLUSION: Our controlled before/after study showed that an A&F intervention significantly improved perioperative pain management in older adults hospitalized for hip fracture. Involving teams in continuous education programs appears crucial to improve the quality of pain management and ensure nurses' adherence to medical prescriptions.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: No effective therapeutic intervention exists for intestinal fibrosis in Crohn's disease [CD]. We characterized fibroblast subtypes, epigenetic and metabolic changes, and signalling pathways in CD fibrosis to inform future therapeutic strategies.
METHODS: We undertook immunohistochemistry, metabolic, signalling pathway and epigenetic [Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing] analyses associated with collagen production in CCD-18Co intestinal fibroblasts and primary fibroblasts isolated from stricturing [SCD] and non-stricturing [NSCD] CD small intestine. SCD/NSCD fibroblasts were cultured with TGFβ and valproic acid [VPA].
RESULTS: Stricturing CD was characterized by distinct histone deacetylase [HDAC] expression profiles, particularly HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC7. As a proxy for HDAC activity, reduced numbers of H3K27ac+ cells were found in SCD compared to NSCD sections. Primary fibroblasts had increased extracellular lactate [increased glycolytic activity] and intracellular hydroxyproline [increased collagen production] in SCD compared to NSCD cultures. The metabolic effect of TGFβ stimulation was reversed by the HDAC inhibitor VPA. SCD fibroblasts appeared 'metabolically primed' and responded more strongly to both TGFβ and VPA. Treatment with VPA revealed TGFβ-dependent and TGFβ-independent Collagen-I production in CCD-18Co cells and primary fibroblasts. VPA altered the epigenetic landscape with reduced chromatin accessibility at the COL1A1 and COL1A2 promoters.
CONCLUSIONS: Increased HDAC expression profiles, H3K27ac hypoacetylation, a significant glycolytic phenotype and metabolic priming characterize SCD-derived as compared to NSCD fibroblasts. Our results reveal a novel epigenetic component to Collagen-I regulation and TGFβ-mediated CD fibrosis. HDAC inhibitor therapy may 'reset' the epigenetic changes associated with fibrosis.
Chronic kidney disease is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide because of kidney failure and the associated challenges of its treatment including dialysis and kidney transplantation. About one-third of chronic kidney disease cases are linked to inherited monogenic factors, making them suitable for potential gene therapy interventions. However, the intricate anatomical structure of the kidney poses a challenge, limiting the effectiveness of targeted gene delivery to the renal system. In this review, we explore the progress made in the field of targeted gene therapy approaches and their implications for rare genetic kidney disorders, examining preclinical studies and prospects for clinical application. In vivo gene therapy is most commonly used for kidney-targeted gene delivery and involves administering viral and nonviral vectors through various routes such as systemic, renal vein, and renal arterial injections. Small nucleic acids have also been used in preclinical and clinical studies for treating certain kidney disorders. Unexpectedly, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells have been used as an ex vivo gene therapy vehicle for kidney gene delivery, highlighting their ability to differentiate into macrophages within the kidney, forming tunneling nanotubes that can deliver genetic material and organelles to adjacent kidney cells, even across the basement membrane to target the proximal tubular cells. As gene therapy technologies continue to advance and our understanding of kidney biology deepens, there is hope for patients with genetic kidney disorders to eventually avoid kidney transplantation.
Verapamil hydrochloride is a calcium ion influx inhibitor (slow channel blocker or calcium ion antagonist). Verapamil hydrochloride extended-release capsules (PM) are available for oral administration as a 100 mg hard gelatin capsule (red opaque cap/white opaque body), a 200 mg hard gelatin capsule (red opaque cap/light orange opaque body), and as a 300 mg hard gelatin capsule (red opaque cap/red opaque body). Verapamil is administered as a racemic mixture of the R and S enantiomers. 

The structural formula of verapamil hydrochloride is:

Chemical Name: Benzeneacetonitrile, α-[3-[[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) ethyl]methylamino]propyl]-3,4-dimethoxy-α-(1-methylethyl)-,monohydrochloride,(±)-

Verapamil hydrochloride, USP is an almost white, crystalline powder, practically free of odor, with a bitter taste. It is soluble in water, chloroform and methanol. Verapamil hydrochloride is not structurally related to other cardioactive drugs. 

In addition to verapamil hydrochloride, the verapamil hydrochloride extended-release capsules (PM) contain the following inactive ingredients: ammonium hydroxide, colloidal anhydrous silica, dibutyl sebacate, diethyl phthalate, ethylcellulose, hypromellose, maltodextrin, methacrylic acid copolymer, oleic acid, polyethylene glycol, povidone, silicon dioxide, sugar spheres, sodium lauryl sulfate and talc.

Each of the empty gelatin capsules for the 100 mg, 200 mg and 300 mg capsule strengths contain the following: D&C Red No. 28, D&C Red No. 33, D&C Yellow No. 10, FD&C Red No. 40, gelatin and titanium dioxide. In addition, the 200 mg empty gelatin capsule contains FD&C Yellow No. 6.

The imprinting ink contains the following: black iron oxide, D&C Yellow No. 10 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Blue No. 2 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Red No. 40 Aluminum Lake, propylene glycol and shellac glaze.

System Components and Performance

Verapamil hydrochloride extended-release capsules (PM) are designed for bedtime dosing, and it incorporates a delayed drug delivery system. This slow onset results in an average maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of verapamil in the morning hours (approximately 9 to 12 hours following product administration). These bead-filled capsules provide for extended-release of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract. This delay is introduced by the release-controlling polymers applied to drug loaded beads. The release-controlling polymer is a combination of water soluble and water insoluble polymers. As water from the gastrointestinal tract comes into contact with the polymer coated beads, the water soluble polymer slowly dissolves and the drug diffuses through the resulting pores in the coating. The water insoluble polymer continues to act as a barrier, maintaining the controlled release of drug. The rate of release is essentially independent of posture and food. Multiparticulate systems such as verapamil capsules (PM) have been shown to be independent of gastrointestinal motility.
BACKGROUND Acquired synkinesis is a well-known phenomenon following oculomotor nerve injury. The abnormal movement appears within the distribution of 1 nerve, or other cranial nerves may be involved. The common misdirection of aberrant regeneration of oculomotor nerve involves the lid, extraocular muscles, or pupil. This report presents a case of aberrant connection between abducens and oculomotor nerve, which is quite rare. CASE REPORT A 21-year-old man with history of left-sided frontal, lateral orbital wall, and zygomatic fracture from head trauma in a motor vehicle accident presented for evaluation. He was comatose for 6 weeks in the intensive care unit. Six months later, he presented to the ophthalmology clinic for an eye examination. He had no history of eye problems prior to this accident. His best corrected visual acuity in the right eye was 20/20 and the left eye had no light perception. The right eye exam was normal, with normal ocular motility. The left eye exam showed small esotropia in primary position with markedly decreased adduction, elevation, and minimal depression, but on attempted abduction, the left eye would adduct instead. There was no globe retraction when left eye abduction was attempted. The abnormal movement seen resulted from third nerve function during sixth nerve stimulation, due to unusual ocular motility with abnormal connection between the sixth and third cranial nerves. CONCLUSIONS The most likely pathophysiologic mechanism here is peripheral neuronal misdirection hypothesis after trauma. Careful and detailed examination of a patient presenting with unusual ocular motility after trauma is very important. The abnormal connection between the sixth and third cranial nerves is quite rare but can occur.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to the rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.

The data described below reflect exposure to ZENPEP in 53 adult and pediatric patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency due to cystic fibrosis in two clinical trials conducted [see Clinical Studies (14)]. In both trials, ZENPEP was administered at dosages of approximately 5,000 lipase units/kg/day for 19 to 42 days. 

Study 1 was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study of 34 adult and pediatric patients, aged 7 to 23 years. Adverse reactions that were reported in at least 2 ZENPEP-treated patients (greater than or equal to 6%) and at a higher rate than in placebo-treated patients in Study 1 are shown in Table 1.

Study 2 was an open-label, uncontrolled study of ZENPEP in 19 pediatric patients aged 1 to 6 years. The most commonly reported adverse reactions were gastrointestinal, including abdominal pain and steatorrhea. 

The type and incidence of adverse reactions in Studies 1 and 2 were similar between pediatric patients and adults.
Participants will receive Brief Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia (BBTI). This will be administered over the course of 4 weeks. BBTI is based on the concepts of sleep restriction and stimulus control. The first and third session are in person and the 2 and 4th session are conducted over the phone. Throughout the treatment, participants will complete daily sleep dairies. After 4 weeks of treatment, participants randomized to this group will cross over to the no intervention group and will be called once a week to assess mood and sleep symptoms.
Endothelial cells (ECs) are highly plastic, capable of differentiating into various cell types. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is crucial during embryonic development and contributes substantially to vascular dysfunction in many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). While targeting EndMT holds therapeutic promise, understanding its mechanisms and modulating its pathways remain challenging. Using single-cell RNA sequencing on three in vitro EndMT models, we identified conserved gene signatures. We validated original regulators in vitro and in vivo during embryonic heart development and peripheral artery disease. EndMT induction led to global expression changes in all EC subtypes rather than in mesenchymal clusters. We identified mitochondrial calcium uptake as a key driver of EndMT; inhibiting mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) prevented EndMT in vitro, and conditional Mcu deletion in ECs blocked mesenchymal activation in a hind limb ischemia model. Tissues from patients with critical limb ischemia with EndMT features exhibited significantly elevated endothelial MCU. These findings highlight MCU as a regulator of EndMT and a potential therapeutic target.
BACKGROUND: Proximal gastrectomy (PG) is recommended for upper-third gastric cancer and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) cancer, preserving organ function while reducing postoperative symptoms. The double-flap technique (DFT) is one approach to minimize reflux after PG. However, laparoscopic PG with DFT (LPG-DFT) has drawbacks of increased complexity, such as hand sutures for anastomosis. Robotic surgery offers potential advantages for DFT reconstruction, but the safety of robotic DFT following PG (RPG-DFT) in the introductory phase is unknown.
METHODS: This retrospective study compared the outcomes of RPG-DFT with LPG-DFT. Data from 402 patients (321 LPG-DFT, 81 RPG-DFT) between 2009 and 2023 were analyzed. Propensity score matching balanced patient demographics and tumor characteristics. Surgical parameters, complications, and long-term outcomes were assessed.
RESULTS: The surgery time of LPG-DFT has stabilized in patients since 2016. Thus, LPG-DFT from 2016 was defined as a stable procedure. RPG-DFT was started in 2019, after minimally invasive DFT reconstruction had been mastered at our center. Therefore, we compared the surgical outcomes of introductory RPG-DFT with stable LPG-DFT. Matched analysis revealed that RPG-DFT in the introductory phase had significantly longer surgery times but less bleeding and shorter reconstruction times and hospital stays than stable LPG-DFT. Frequencies of short-term complications and reflux esophagitis were comparable in both groups. Although RPG-DFT in the introductory phase exhibited higher incidence of anastomotic stenosis than stable LPG-DFT, the incidence of anastomotic stenosis decreased over time.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the safety of RPG-DFT in the introductory phase for EGJ and upper-third stomach tumors, with outcomes comparable to stable LPG-DFT. RPG-DFT offers shorter reconstruction time and less blood loss compared with LPG-DFT. However, anastomotic stenosis is a complication to monitor in early robotic surgery.
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the use of radiomics for diagnosing early-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) by extracting features from multiple MRI sequences and constructing predictive models.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review, collected MR images of early-stage ONFH (102 from institution A and 20 from institution B) and healthy femoral heads (102 from institution A and 20 from institution B) from two institutions. We extracted radiomics features, handled batch effects using Combat, and normalized features using z-score. We employed the Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm, along with Max-Relevance and Min-Redundancy (mRMR), to select optimal features for constructing radiomics models based on single, double, and multi-sequence MRI data. We evaluated performance using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and precision-recall (PR) curves, and compared area under curve of ROC (AUC-ROC) values with the DeLong test. Additionally, we studied the diagnostic performance of the multi-sequence radiomics model and radiologists, compared the diagnostic outcomes of the model and radiologists using the Fisher exact test.
RESULTS: We studied 122 early-stage ONFH and 122 normal femoral heads. The multi-sequence model exhibited the best diagnostic performance among all models (AUC-ROC, PR-AUC for training set: 0.96, 0.961; validation set: 0.96, 0.97; test set: 0.94, 0.94), and it outperformed three resident radiologists on the external testing group with an accuracy of 87.5 %, sensitivity of 85.00 %, and specificity of 90.00 % (p < 0.01), highlighting the robustness of our findings.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study underscored the novelty of the multi-sequence radiomics model in diagnosing early-stage ONFH. By leveraging features extracted from multiple imaging sequences, this approach demonstrated high efficacy, indicating its potential to advance early diagnosis for ONFH. These findings provided important guidance for enhancing early diagnosis of ONFH through radiomics methods, offering new avenues and possibilities for clinical practice and patient care.
PURPOSE: Acquired prostatic fistula (PF) was defined as a connection between the prostatic urethra and the rectum, symphysis, peritoneum, or ending freely in the periprostatic area. This study aims to report our experience with PF presentation, diagnosis, and treatment.
METHODS: From January 2014 to February 2024, we retrospectively analyzed a prospectively maintained database from two urologic university hospitals to identify men with acquired PF. Diagnosis was based on post-intervention symptoms, including pneumaturia, fecaluria, rectal urine leakage, periprostatic inflammation or abscess, completed by radiological assessment using retrograde urethrogram, CT, or MRI. Standard cystoscopy and/or rectosigmoidoscopy assessed bladder and rectal integrity. Patients with post-prostatectomy fistulas were excluded.
RESULTS: Thirteen patients with a mean age of 66.54 ± 7.40 years were identified. The most commonly presenting symptoms were fecaluria/pneumaturia 54%, rectal urine leakage 31%, and recurrent urinary tract infection 31%. The mean time from the initial treatment to fistula development was 22.28 ± 20.53 months (0.1-59 months), and from diagnosis to repair was 3.5 ± 3 months (1-12 months). Cumulative closure rates (success rate) post-first and second attempts were 77% (10 patients) and 92% (12 patients), respectively; one patient declined definitive surgery, maintaining a persistent fistula after bladder drainage.
CONCLUSION: Clinical suspicion and detailed diagnosis are essential for formulating a tailored treatment plan for prostatic fistulas, which are successfully manageable in many patients. Complex cases benefit from a multidisciplinary approach, with individualized therapy based on etiology, severity, and recurrence of PF, facilitating effective closure.
Background: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) with the BRAFV600E mutation is associated with a poorer prognosis. BRAF inhibitors may demonstrate limited efficacy due to emerging drug resistance. The Warburg effect may have cancer therapeutic implications. It is not known if the BRAFV600E mutation is associated with altered glucose metabolism in PTC. Methods: This study examined the effect of BRAFV600E and dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) on various cellular processes in PTC cells, including cell proliferation, migration, invasion, mitochondrial fission, glucose metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and apoptosis. We used RT-qPCR to assess the expression of key glycolytic enzymes in thyroid cancer tissues. Additionally, the regulatory interaction between BRAFV600E and DRP1 was investigated through Western blot and immunohistochemical staining. We further evaluated the impact of DRP1 in PTC and the inhibitory effects of dabrafenib and 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) in vitro and in vivo. Results: We found that the BRAFV600E mutation significantly augments aerobic glycolysis while suppressing oxidative phosphorylation in PTC. We identified the BRAFV600E/p-ERK/p-DRP1(Ser616) signaling pathway as a critical mediator in PTC progression. First, the BRAFV600E/p-ERK/p-DRP1(Ser616) signaling pathway enhances cell proliferation by upregulating hexokinase 2 expression and thereby increasing aerobic glycolysis. Second, it inhibits apoptosis by promoting mitochondrial fission and reducing ROS levels. Moreover, we demonstrated that the combination therapy of 2-DG and dabrafenib markedly impedes the progression of BRAFV600E-positive PTC. Conclusion: The BRAFV600E/p-ERK/p-DRP1(Ser616) signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in glucose metabolism reprogramming, contributing to the aggressiveness and progression of BRAFV600E-positive PTC. Our findings suggest that a combined therapeutic approach using 2-DG and dabrafenib has the potential to improve the outcome of PTC patients with BRAFV600E.
The invention belongs to the technical field of medicine judgment methods, and relates to a prescription commenting method for a refined antibacterial medicine. According to the input relevant information of the antibacterial medicine prescription, the invention intelligently identifies, processes and learns the comment rule of the antibacterial medicine prescription, thereby realizing the intelligent comment of the medical prescription. The invention supports a plurality of antibacterial drugs and has better robustness. The invention can automatically identify and process information and learn the potential rules of the prescription comment of the antibacterial drugs after data is input without presetting related rules. The multi-label comment result can be output, and fine management of the clinical application of the antibacterial drugs in hospitals is facilitated. The output result of the invention has normalization and helps the hospital to make standardized management decision.