anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Each year, more than 192,200 women are diagnosed with breast cancer (Greenlee, Hill-Harmon, Murray, \& Thun, 2001). With an increase in early detection and improved therapies, more of these women have become survivors (Vassilopoulou-Sellin \& Theriault, 1994). However, many of these women are at increased risk for osteoporosis and the debilitating consequences. This increased risk occurs for two reasons. Over 50-70% of women under the age of 50 (premenopausal) who are treated with adjuvant chemotherapy experience ovarian failure and early menopause (Ali \& Twibel, 1994; Cobleigh et al., 1994; Samaan et al., 1978), resulting in a long postmenopausal period of estrogen deprivation. Breast cancer survivors also are at greater risk for osteoporosis because they usually are not candidates for hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Estrogen can influence the growth of cancer in women, especially those with estrogen receptor positive tumors (ER+), and at least 60% of women have ER+ breast cancer (DeVita, Hellman \& Rosenberg, 1997). While the use of HRT significantly reduces osteoporosis and the risk of forearm, vertebral, pelvic, and hip fractures in postmenopausal women (Cobleigh et al., 1994; Finkelstein, 1996), women with a history of breast cancer generally are not considered candidates for HRT. Without estrogen, women may lose up to 30% of their bone mass within the first 5-years postmenopause, with continued bone loss over time, but at a slower rate. Very little information has been reported on the incidence and treatment of osteoporosis in breast cancer survivors (Headley et al., 1998; Hosking et al., 1998).

Osteoporosis is a major risk factor for chronic disability and especially hip fractures. The majority of individuals with hip fractures never return to prefracture functional status and estimates of health care costs for individuals with osteoporosis exceed the costs for those with congestive heart failure or with asthma (U.S. Congress Office of Technology Assessment, 1994; Ray, Chan, Thamer \& Meltin, 1997). Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, by increasing bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle strength, may decrease the chronic disabilities associated with osteoporosis and improve quality and quantity of life (Mahon, 1998). Research on effective alternatives to HRT for the prevention of osteoporosis in breast cancer survivors has been targeted as a priority area by the Office of Cancer Survivorship (Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences) at the National Cancer Institute (Office of Cancer Survivorship, 1999). No reports were found in which the effectiveness of the combination of risedronate, calcium, and vitamin D (administered together and at the current recommended levels for postmenopausal women) was studied, nor has the effectiveness of the addition of long term progressive strength/weight training exercises been evaluated in this at risk population of breast cancer survivors.
An assembly for separately packaging two products for extemporaneous mixing comprises a first container and a second container. The first container contains a first product and delimits a first opening. A removable stopper is associated with the first opening. The second container contains a second product and delimits a second opening. The second container comprises a first coupling member. The first container and the second container are configured to be connected to one another. The first coupling member and the removable stopper are configured such that the first coupling member engages the removable stopper during establishment of a connection between the first container and the second container and the removable stopper passes into the second container so as to expose the first opening and allow the first product and the second product to be brought into contact with one another.
Williams syndrome (WS) is a developmental disorder that includes poor visuospadal constructive cognition. This syndrome has been studied to idendify genes important for human cognitive development. Two families are described which have a partial WS phenotype;  affected members have the specific WS cognitive profile and vascular disease, but lack other WS features. Submicroscopic chromosome 7q11.23 deletions cosegregate with this phenotype in both families. DNA  sequence analyses of the region affected by the smallest (63.6 kb) deletion revealed two genes, elastin (ELN) and LIM-kinase 1(LIMK1). The latter encodes a novel protein kinase with LIM domains and is strongly expressed in the brain. Because ELN mutations cause vascular disease but not cognitive abnornalities, these data implicate LIMK1 hemizygosity in impaired visuospatial constructive cognition.
BACKGROUND: Acute bronchitis is the most common respiratory disease. Mixture of Ivy Leaf Extract and Coptidis rhizome syrup has shown good treatment efficacy against chronic bronchitis and acute respiratory infections. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Mixture of Ivy Leaf Extract and Coptidis rhizome compared with those of Pelargonium sidoides extract, for the treatment of acute bronchitis.
METHODS: We performed a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, parallel phase III study in 220 patients with acute bronchitis. The participants were offered either Mixture of Ivy Leaf Extract and Coptidis rhizome syrup (AGS) and placebo of P. sidoides tablet or placebo syrup and active tablet of P. sidoides (AGU) for 7 days. The primary endpoint was the change in the Bronchitis Severity Score (BSS) from the baseline visit (visit 2) to day 7 (visit 3).
RESULTS: For the primary outcome, there was no significant difference in the change of total BSS between visits 2 and 3 (-4.10 ± 1.93 vs. -4.24 ± 1.85, p = 0.5125), and since the upper limit of the confidence interval (1.00) was smaller than the predetermined non-inferiority margin (1.17), it was confirmed that the AGS group was non-inferior to the AGU group. The changes in each symptom in the BSS between visits 2 and 3 also showed no significant differences. The overall improvement rate measured by the investigator (91.7 vs. 89.7%; p = 0.3506) and the satisfaction rate of the participants at visit 3 also showed no significant differences (97.2 vs. 94.4%; p = 0.4388). Regarding safety issues, adverse reactions were noted in both groups similarly, with no serious adverse events (4.55 vs. 3.64%, p > 0.999).
CONCLUSION: Mixture of Ivy Leaf Extract and Coptidis rhizome syrup is as effective and safe as P. sidoides in controlling symptoms of acute bronchitis.
An orthosis according to an embodiment has a first region and a second region. The first region is constituted with a first unit cell structure that is a unit cell structure in which a space of a polygonal prism shape is defined as one unit, and includes a plurality of structural columns connecting two points among a plurality of vertices forming the polygonal prism shape. The second region is constituted with a second unit cell structure different from the first unit cell structure. The first unit cell structure and the second unit cell structure include at least one structural column connecting a certain. vertex among the plurality of vertices and another vertex different from a vertex on a side including the certain. vertex.
BACKGROUND: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a complication of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA). Various amounts of neurologic dysfunctions have been shown after DHCA, which has often been attributed to systemic inflammatory response syndrome and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Remimazolam is one of the commonly used anesthetic drugs with protective actions against inflammatory diseases, such as sepsis and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Here, we determined the protective effect and potential mechanism of action of remimazolam against neuronal damage after DHCA.
METHODS: A rat model of DHCA was established, and a gradient dosage of remimazolam was administered during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The cognitive function of rats was evaluated by Morris water maze. Hematoxylin and eosin and TUNEL staining were performed to assess hippocampus tissue injury and neuronal apoptosis. Inflammatory cytokines concentration were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The protein expression was analyzed using automated electrophoresis western analysis and immunohistochemical analysis.
RESULTS: The appropriate dosage of remimazolam reduced histologic injury, neuronal apoptosis, microglia activation, and secondary inflammatory cascades, as well as the downregulation of the expression of the HMGB1-TLR4-NF-κB pathway after DHCA, improved the memory and learning abilities in DHCA rats. Further, administration of a TLR4 antagonist TAK-242 had a similar effect to remimazolam, while the TLR4 agonist LPS attenuated the effect of remimazolam.
CONCLUSIONS: Remimazolam could ameliorate POCD after DHCA through the HMGB1-TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway.
Participants were randomized to receive levothyroxine at their pre-randomized dose. During the first 18 to 36 weeks (titration period) the dose of levothyroxine could be titrated based on levels of TSH in order to achieve TSH levels within the normal reference range (0.45-4.12 mIU/L, inclusive). Once TSH levels were within the normal reference range, participants continued to receive a stable dose of levothyroxine for an additional 12 weeks (stabilization period).
A fusion protein comprising a first recombinant viral coat protein, a second recombinant viral coat protein and a first linkage peptide is provided. The first recombinant viral coat protein is linked to N-terminus of the first linkage peptide. The second recombinant viral coat protein is linked to C-terminus of the first linkage peptide. The first and second recombinant viral coat proteins are derived from the coat protein (CP) of alfalfa mosaic virus (AIMV). The fusion protein may form a virus like particle (VLP). Where the fusion protein further comprises a target protein, the target protein may be displayed on the surface of the VLP. Also provided are methods for producing the fusion protein and the VLP as well as the uses of the fusion protein and/or the VLP.
The present invention pertains to novel treatments of neuropathic pain; in particular chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathic pain (CIPNP). The invention provides antagonists cytochrome P450 epoxygenases (CYP), and more specifically antagonists of CYP2J2, as therapeutics for use in the treatment of neuropathic pain such as CIPNP. CYP2J2 antagonists were identified to alleviate CIPNP in-vivo, and therefore are provided additionally in combination with chemotherapeutics for the treatment of diseases such as cancer or other proliferative disorders. The CYP2J2 antagonists reduce chemotherapeutic induced pain and therefore allow for a higher dosing of the chemotherapeutic during cancer treatment. In addition the invention relates to the use of CYP2J2 agonists, or metabolites of CYP2J2, for sensitizing TRPV1. In this context the invention proposes to use combinations of CYP2J2 agonist or metabolites and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) agonists to treat disorders that respond to TRPV1 agonists, such as neuropathic pain.
The invention is based on the novel observation, reported herein, that SLC inhibits the growth of tumors in vivo and is a potent chemokine for Dendritic Cells (DC). Thus, the invention provides a method of treating cancer or hyperproliferative disorder in a mammalian subject, comprising: administering a therapeutically effective amount of an SLC to said subject. SLCs useful in the methods of the invention include SLC polypeptides, variants and fragments and related nucleic acids. The methods of the invention are useful in the treatment of cancer and hyperproliferative disorders. In addition, the invention provides methods for modulating dendritic cell function in a mammal, said method comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of an SLC agent to said mammal, said agent selected from the group consisting of: SLC plypeptides, SLC polypeptide variants, SLC polypeptide fragments, polynucleotides encoding SLC polypeptides, variants and fragments, anti-SLC antibodies and ligands for the CCR7 receptor. Such methods can be used to increase or decrease an immune response, particularly a primary immune response, in a mammal. The methods are particularly useful in the prevention of graft rejection and in the treatment of autoimmune disease. Alternatively, the methods may be used to enhance an immune response.
Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is an inherited, autosomal recessive disorder of lipid metabolism characterized by deficient activity of the lysosomal enzyme, arylsulfatase A (ASA). MLD is a rare disease that occurs in most parts of the world. The estimated overall incidence of the disease in the western world is approximately 1 in 100,000 live births that varies by geographic location. There are no approved therapies for MLD.

This is a multicenter, open-label, dose-escalation study designed to evaluate the safety of up to 3 dose levels (10, 30, or 100 mg) of HGT-1110 administered via an intrathecal drug delivery device (IDDD) every other week (EOW) for a total of 38 weeks (20 injections, Weeks 0 to 38) to children with MLD. The study also includes the assessment of HGT-1110 drug product produced with a revised drug substance manufacturing process (referred to as Process B) in a fourth cohort (Cohort 4). Approximately 24 patients will be enrolled and will receive treatment of HGT-1110. Patients will be sequentially enrolled into 4 dose cohorts, approximately 6 patients each. Patient enrollment will be staggered in this study to facilitate adequate safety monitoring per dose cohort.
An anatomic user interface ( 58 ) is provided for accessing healthcare information for a patient at the point of care. The anatomic user interface ( 58 ) generates an anatomic model ( 402 ) of the patient from which a practitioner drills down to and selects a particular anatomic structure for which healthcare information is to be accessed. The anatomic user interface obtains standard reference anatomic information and patient-specific anatomic information from an anatomic data model ( 84 ) and uses this information to generate an anatomic model ( 402 ) that accurately represents the anatomy of the patient. Once the practitioner selects a particular anatomic structure of the patient, a constraint engine ( 82 ) identifies the healthcare information associated with the selected anatomic structure as constrained by outside factors impacting accepted medical practice and returns it to the anatomic user interface ( 58 ) for display. In one actual embodiment of the present invention, the healthcare information accessed by the practitioner is healthcare diagnosis and services information. In this embodiment, the practitioner uses the anatomic user interface ( 58 ) to drill down to a particular anatomic structure of the patient and order healthcare services to be applied to the structure. The order is then forwarded to a service provider via an order engine ( 86 ).
A new approach is described to making luminophores which display long emission wavelengths, long decay times, and high quantum yields. These luminophores are covalently linked or otherwise closely associated pairs with a long lifetime resonance energy transfer (RET) donor e.g., a ruthenium (Ru) metal-ligand complex, and a long wavelength acceptor, e.g., Texas Red. The donor and acceptor can be covalently linked by, e.g., poly-proline spacers. The long lifetime donor results in a long lived component in the acceptor decay which is due to RET. The quantum yield of the luminophores approaches that of the higher quantum yield acceptor, rather than the lower quantum yield typical of metal-ligand complexes. The emission maxima and decay time of such tandem luminophores can be readily adjusted by selection of the donor, acceptor and distance between them. Luminophores with these useful spectral properties can also be donor-acceptor pairs brought into close proximity by some biochemical association reaction. Luminophores with long wavelength emission and long lifetimes have numerous applications in biophysics, clinical diagnostics, DNA analysis and drug discovery.
Participants will be instructed to take one tablet and 1 capsule (total of 2) of blinded study medication once a day, orally, for 8 weeks. They will start with tolterodine tartrate (4 mg) dose of study medication and will have the option of dose escalation to 2 tablets and 2 capsules (total of 4) per day tolterodine tartrate 4 mg + identical placebo.
Patients randomized to the deferiprone arm will be prescribed either tablets or liquid medication. Deferiprone is taken orally, at a dosage that is calculated in terms of milligrams per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) and is divided into 3 equal doses taken approximately 8 hours apart. The daily dosage is 75 mg/kg (25 mg/kg per dose) for patients with less severe iron load, and 99 mg/kg (33 mg/kg per dose) for those with more severe iron load.
Abnormal connectivity patterns interfere with the normal function of a given neuronal network, thus leading to circuit dysfunction and, subsequently, chronic pain. In the last few years, neuroscience has been heavily influenced by network science. This synergistic association provided a new framework for understanding brain function in health and how dysfunction in specific neuronal brain circuits can lead to symptoms. A network comprises nodes (e.g., areas of the brain) and edges (functional connections between nodes). An effective network can process and share large amounts of information while maintaining specificity and not allowing noise to contaminate the flow of information across the circuits. The network approach to brain functioning has been able to integrate what has been known for several decades as spatial structural anatomy with the time-varying streaming of information (connectivity) in a dynamic perspective. In this context, symptoms of diseases are seen as being correlated with specific network abnormalities, and therapeutic interventions as being associated with the normalisation of these abnormal patterns of connection. Non-invasive neuromodulatory approaches, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), have entered the guidelines for the management of major depression refractory to pharmacological treatment (FDA clearance in 2008 - K061053) and several chronic pain conditions, providing low-adverse event, rapid-to-perform and safe non-pharmacological treatment possibilities for neuropsychiatric disorders. rTMS is based on the induction of a high-intensity magnetic field on the scalp and on the subsequent creation of an induced electric current that penetrates the skull and influences neuronal firing over a very restricted volume of the brain. Depending on stimulation parameters, rTMS also acts by facilitating or depressing the activity of specific brain networks non-invasively. Despite important advances in the use of rTMS, and similar to what is also obtained from pharmacological treatments, up to 40% of patients remain symptomatic after treatment. This study aims to investigate the responses of specific neuronal brain circuits to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied to the primary motor cortex in healthy volunteers. It has been hypothesised that the local-to-global connectivity pattern obtained by the stimulation of different cortical hubs (primary motor cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex and posterior insula) will be described by TMS-EEG responses in healthy individuals. The modification in cortical connectivity in response to a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied to the primary motor cortex will be described and compared with a sham rTMS stimulation.
The invention is concerned with a kind of Chinese traditional medicine and its preparation method to cure chronic appendicitis. It relates to 15 to 25 g astragalus root, 10 to 20 g angelica, 10 to 20 g red sage root, 6 to 12 g boswellin, 6 to 12 g myrrh, 15 to 25 g radix trichosanthis, 15 to 25 g figwort root, 15 to 25 g anemarrhena, 6 to 12 g liquorice, 10 to 20 g auckandia root and 20 to 30 g root of herbaceous peony. Take the said medicines in weight proportion into frying container, put 750 to 800 mL water for 30 min. Fry the dipped water with strong fire, change into slow fire for 20 to 25 min until only 300 to 350 mL, and get the filtrate. Add 600 to 700 mL water with strong fire and change into slow fire for 10 to 20 min until only 200 to 250 mL and get the filtrate. Mix the filtrates together. This medicine has obvious curative effect with 94 percent of curative ratio with low cost and can be the first selection to cure chronic appendicitis.
Sarcopenia is a progressive generalized skeletal muscle disease that is accompanied by an accelerated loss of muscle mass and function, affecting the quality of life and the ability to perform self-care. The prevalence of sarcopenia in the world today ranges from 10 to 25%, which represents a certain danger as it is a prognostic factor for possible injury and increased disability in the elderly population. Sarcopenia often accompanies a large number of different diseases, including neurodegenerative ones, so it is actively studied in this category of patients, for example, as one of the early symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). PD and sarcopenia have overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms of muscle fiber loss: inflammation, muscle autophagy, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Loss of muscle mass due to malnutrition is common in PD. According to some studies, the prevalence of sarcopenia in PD varies from 6 to 55.8%; weakness and sarcopenia are more common in patients with PD than in society as a whole, which is associated with an unfavorable course of the disease. The presence of both diseases simultaneously in one patient can impose certain restrictions on the treatment of the patient, worsen his physical and mental condition, which determines the need for early detection of sarcopenia in patients with PD.
Subjects in this group were those who were administered the saline placebo solution in the Blinded Phase of the study (either in the Placebo 6-\<36M, Placebo 3-\<9Y or Placebo 9-\<18Y Group). These were subjects aged at enrolment between 6 months and 18 years, 18 years excluded, who had received 2 doses of saline placebo at Days 0 and 21 in the Blinded Phase of the study, as per described in the descriptions of the Placebo 6-\<36M, Placebo 3-\<9Y and Placebo 9-\<18Y groups. After consenting to participating to the Unblinded Phase of the study, these subjects received in addition 2 doses of Influenza A (H5N1) Virus monovalent vaccine at Days 385 (Day U0) and Day 385 + 21 days (Day U21). Influenza A (H5N1) Virus monovalent vaccine was administered intramuscularly. Dose 1 of was administered in the deltoid region of the non-dominant arm and Dose 2 in the deltoid region of the dominant arm.