anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: It is well documented that smokers suffer increased risk of postoperative complications after medical surgery, for example delayed healing and increased risk of infection. It is also known that preoperative smoking cessation can reduce the risk of these complications. Because of this there are guidelines regarding preoperative smoking cessation in non-oral medical surgery. There are however no specific guidelines regarding oral surgical procedures, such as surgical extractions, dentoalveolar surgery, periodontal surgery, or dental implantation. Nevertheless, it is common that dentists and oral surgeons recommend smoking cessation pre to oral surgical procedures. The aim with this systematic review was to see if there are any evidence in the literature, supporting preoperative smoking cessation in oral surgical procedures.
METHODS: A systematic search of the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane was conducted to identify studies addressing the effect of preoperative smoking cessation in oral surgical procedures. Included publications were subjected to preidentified inclusion criterion. Six examiners performed the eligibility and quality assessment of relevant studies. Risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I and RoB 2. Certainty assessment was carried out using GRADE.
RESULTS: The initial search resulted in 2255 records, and after removal of 148 duplicates, 16 articles met an acceptable level of relevance. These were read in full text, whereof 12 articles were excluded, due to different intervention, outcome, or study design than stated in the review protocol. One study remained with moderate risk of bias and three were excluded due to high risk of bias.
CONCLUSION: This systematic review could not determine the effect of smoking cessation pre to oral surgical procedures, in smokers. This indicates lack of knowledge in the effects of smoking cessation. We also conclude a lack of knowledge in how to design smoking cessation in the most effective way.
The HealthBeacon ICMS is an adherence support platform for patients on injectable medications in the home-setting. The Smart Sharps Bin electronically records each time a used injection device is deposited into it by means of an infra-red sensor and camera. This data is compared to an individuals' treatment schedule pre-programmed to the unit, to determine the patient's adherence to therapy. The bin also issues reminders to patients when doses are due by means of a blue light on its upper surface. Smart Short Message Service (SMS) dose reminders are also provided to help patients stay on track. The bin displays patients personal adherence score, date of their next injection and at which rotating injection site on a small screen on its upper surface. When a used injection is deposited into the Smart Sharps Bin, patients' adherence automatically updates as does the date of their next injection. This information is also visible for patients to review in the HealthBeacon Companion App (the "App"). Within the App, patients can also tailor their dose reminder preferences, see a log of all doses taken, access educational materials and view their injection schedule details. They may also remotely self-report a dose as taken in the App, if they were away from their Smart Sharps Bin at the time of injection. Patients' adherence data, as collected by the HealthBeacon ICMS, is then available for referring physicians and clinical teams to remotely review, providing teams with greater insight and more accurate information regarding patient compliance. HealthBeacon also remotely monitor the capacity of the Smart Sharps Bins, and provide patients with replacement bins when they reach full capacity whilst arranging collection of full bins through HealthBeacon's mail-back program.

The Centres for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) released the Remote Therapeutic Monitoring (RTM) codes in January 2021 to enable enhanced reimbursement of remote monitoring services. Unlike existing Remote Physiological Monitoring (RPM) codes which required collection of physiological data points, the RTM codes enable reimbursement of devices which monitor therapy adherence, in particular for respiratory and/or musculoskeletal system conditions.

As a remote device to track and support adherence to medications, the HealthBeacon ICMS is well positioned to fulfil the definition of an RTM device. Key steps in the patient referral and usage pathway, including providing access to the HealthBeacon system, initial set up and education on how to use it, and its remote adherence monitoring capabilities, correspond to separate billing events under the RTM codes. Therefore, HealthBeacon believe the system can be successfully implemented as an RTM device with reimbursement for physicians. This study aims to demonstrate this by providing real-world data on patient usage of the system, implementation into clinical practice and primarily by assessing the outcome of the billing process under the RTM codes.
The invention comprises bis-glyoxalyldiphenyl compounds of the general formula:  <FORM:0925445/IV(a)/1> in which X is an oxygen or sulphur atom or sulphonyl, sulphinyl, methylene, ethylene, a ,b -diethylene, vinylene or a ,b -diethylvinylene group or (when the substituent groupings are in ortho or meta position thereto) a single valence bond; their p  alkali metal bisulphite; dihydrate, dialcoholate addition compounds and diacetals thereof formed with lower hydrocarbon alcohols (preferably those having straight or lower branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic chains of 1-8 carbon atoms inclusive) or benzyl alcohol and the preparation thereof by reacting the corresponding bis-haloacetyldiphenyl compounds with an alkali metal alcoholate to form the corresponding acetals and hydrolysing the acetals with dilute acid.  The compounds of the invention are also prepared by oxidation, preferably with selenium dioxide, of the corresponding diacetyldiphenyl derivatives.  The hydrates and alcoholates are prepared by reaction of the anhydrous glyoxals with water or an alcohol or may be prepared in the course of the reaction by carrying out the process in non-anhydrous media. Bisulphite addition salts are prepared by reaction of the glyoxal with sodium or potassium sulphite.  4,41-Bisdichloroacetyldiphenylmethane is prepared by chlorination of 4,41-diacetyldiphenylmethane, in turn prepared by the Friedel-Crafts reaction from diphenylmethane and acetyl chloride.  Similarly are prepared 4,41-diacetyldiphenylethane, -diphenylether, -diphenylsulphide, and a ,b -diethyldiphenylethane, 2,21-bisdichloroacetyldiphenyl and 4, 41-bisdibromoacetyldiphenylsulphone.  4,41-Diacetyldiphenylsulphoxide is prepared by oxidation of 4,41-diacetyldiphenylsulphide with a calculated amount of hydrogen peroxide and 4,41-diacetyldiphenylsulphone is similarly prepared but using an excess of peroxide.  4,41-Bis-dichloroacetylstilbene is prepared from stilbene and dichloroacetyl chloride.  Similarly is prepared 4,41-bis-dichlorodiacetyl-a ,b -dimethyldiphenylethane. 4,41-Bisglyoxalyldiphenylmethane with o-phenylenediamine gives the bis-quinoxaline derivative.  Antiviral compositions comprise the bis-gloxal derivatives of the invention together with a suitable non-toxic pharmaceutical carrier, which may be solid or liquid; the compositions may be formulated as tablets, capsules, broches, suspensions, or equivalent dose forms or as injectable sterile solutions or suspensions.
Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) has emerged as a pivotal tool for diagnosing and risk-stratifying patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Recent advancements in image analysis and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have enabled the comprehensive quantitative analysis of coronary atherosclerosis. Fully quantitative assessments of coronary stenosis and lumen attenuation have improved the accuracy of assessing stenosis severity and predicting hemodynamically significant lesions. In addition to stenosis evaluation, quantitative plaque analysis plays a crucial role in predicting and monitoring CAD progression. Studies have demonstrated that the quantitative assessment of plaque subtypes based on CT attenuation provides a nuanced understanding of plaque characteristics and their association with cardiovascular events. Quantitative analysis of serial CCTA scans offers a unique perspective on the impact of medical therapies on plaque modification. However, challenges such as time-intensive analyses and variability in software platforms still need to be addressed for broader clinical implementation. The paradigm of CCTA has shifted towards comprehensive quantitative plaque analysis facilitated by technological advancements. As these methods continue to evolve, their integration into routine clinical practice has the potential to enhance risk assessment and guide individualized patient management. This article reviews the evolving landscape of quantitative plaque analysis in CCTA and explores its applications and limitations.
Liposomal bupivacaine was developed to extend the duration of efficacy of bupivacaine from the typical 6 - 8 hours up to 72 hours. The prolonged duration of liposomal bupivacaine was initially demonstrated in mice in 1994. Two randomized controlled trials using liposomal bupivacaine for bunionectomy and hemorrhoidectomy resulted in FDA approval for its use in humans. More recently, liposomal bupivacaine has also been found to improve pain control for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Infiltration of a local anesthetic into laparoscopic port sites is a common practice that has been shown in some studies to improve postoperative pain. To compare liposomal bupivacaine and 0.25% bupivacaine for local analgesia following laparoscopic and robotic urologic surgery, a randomized comparison-controlled trial was performed.
BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis requires clinical and radiographic evaluation; the management options vary depending on the severity of the curve and potential for progression. Identifying predictors of scoliosis progression is crucial to avoid incorrect management; clinical and radiographic factors have been studied as potential predictors. The present study aims to review the literature on radiological indexes for the peak height velocity or curve acceleration phase to help clinicians manage treatment of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
METHODS: This systematic review was carried out in accordance with Preferential Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The search was carried out including only peer-reviewed articles written in English that described the radiological indexes assessing skeletal maturity in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and evaluated their correlation with curve progression, expressed as peak height velocity and/or curve acceleartion phase.
RESULTS: Thirteen studies were included and showed promising results in terms of reliable radiological indexes. Risser staging gives a general measure of skeletal maturity, but it cannot be used as a primary index for driving the treatment of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis since more reliable indexes are available.
CONCLUSION: Skeletal maturity quantification for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis has the potential to significantly modify disease management. However, idiopathic scoliosis is a complex and multifactorial disease: therefore, it is unlikely that a single index will ever be sufficient to predict its evolution. Therefore, as more adolescent idiopathic scoliosis progression-associated indexes are identified, a collective scientific effort should be made to develop a therapeutic strategy based on reliable and reproducible algorithms.
BACKGROUND: Large-scale epidemics in countries with high birth rates can create a concerning scenario where pregnant people are more likely to transmit the virus. In addition, increased international mobility has made arboviruses a growing problem for travelers. The increased risk of vertical transmission has been related to maternal viremia near delivery. Such transmission leads to severe infection of newborns and may be associated with subsequent neurological impairment including cerebral palsy. This case series provides an overview of clinical and laboratory findings in pregnant individuals with confirmed chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection as well as the clinical effects on their newborn emphasizing the severity of neonatal chikungunya.
METHODS: An ambispective case series enrolled newborns with confirmed exposure to CHIKV in utero or in the neonatal period.
RESULTS: During the delivery period, the transmission rate among viremic individuals was approximately 62% (18/29). Fever, irritability, rash, and poor feeding in the first week of life were critical signs of neonatal chikungunya, highlighting its severity.
CONCLUSION: Close monitoring of healthy newborns during the first week of life is essential in areas affected by CHIKV epidemics, and in offspring of pregnant travelers who visited the outbreaks zones. This case series is intended to increase neonatologists' awareness of the possibility of mother-to-child transmission of CHIKV among newborns with a sepsis-like presentation. Prioritizing CHIKV vaccination for women of childbearing age should also be considered.
INTRODUCTION: Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP) is often linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The frequency of SSP occurrence in COPD patients varies among different research findings. SSPs are more commonly found in the elderly population diagnosed with COPD. Previous studies have reported a pneumothorax rate of 26 per 100,000 COPD patients. There is, however, a notable lack of detailed epidemiological information regarding SSP in Asia. Our study focused on determining the occurrence rate of SSP among COPD patients in Taiwan using an extensive national database. Additionally, this study aimed to identify comorbidities associated with SSP in this patient group.
METHODS: In this study, we used the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database, which contains records of 2 million people who were randomly chosen from among the beneficiaries of the Taiwan National Health Insurance program. The dataset includes information from 2005 to the end of 2017. Our focus was on individuals diagnosed with COPD, identified through ICD-9-CM codes in at least one hospital admission or two outpatient services, with the COPD diagnosis date as the index date. The exclusion criteria included individuals younger than 40 years, those with incomplete records, or those with a previous diagnosis of pneumothorax before the index date. We conducted a matched comparison by pairing COPD patients with control subjects of similar age, sex, and comorbidities using propensity score matching. The follow-up for all participants started from their index date and continued until they developed pneumothorax, reached the study's end, withdrew from the insurance program, or passed away. The primary objective was to evaluate and compare the incidence of pneumothorax between COPD patients and matched controls.
RESULTS: We enrolled 65,063 patients who were diagnosed with COPD. Their mean age (±SD) was 66.28 (±12.99) years, and approximately 60 % were male. During the follow-up period, pneumothorax occurred in 607 patients, equivalent to 9.3 % of the cohort. The incidence rate of SSP in COPD patients was 12.10 per 10,000 person-years, whereas it was 6.68 per 10,000 person-years in those without COPD. Furthermore, COPD patients with comorbidities such as atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cancer exhibited an increased incidence of SSP compared to COPD patients without such comorbidities. This was observed after conducting a multivariable Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, and other comorbidities.
CONCLUSION: Our study revealed an elevated risk of SSP in patients with COPD. It has also been suggested that COPD patients with comorbidities, such as atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cancer, have an increased risk of developing SSP.
OBJECTIVE: Functional seizures are common among people with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Subjective cognitive concerns refer to a person's own perception of problems with cognitive functioning in everyday life. The authors investigated the presence and correlates of subjective cognitive concerns and the response to neurobehavioral therapy among adults with TBI and functional seizures (TBI+FS group).
METHODS: In this observational study, participants in the TBI+FS group (N=47) completed a 12-session neurobehavioral therapy protocol for seizures, while participants in the comparison group (TBI without seizures) (N=50) received usual treatment. Subjective cognitive concerns, objective cognition, mental health, and quality of life were assessed before and after treatment. Data collection occurred from 2018 to 2022.
RESULTS: Baseline subjective cognitive concerns were reported for 37 (79%) participants in the TBI+FS group and 20 (40%) participants in the comparison group. In a multivariable regression model in the TBI+FS group, baseline global mental health (β=-0.97) and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (β=-1.01) were associated with subjective cognitive concerns at baseline. The TBI+FS group had fewer subjective cognitive concerns after treatment (η2=0.09), whereas the TBI comparison group showed a nonsignificant increase in subjective cognitive concerns.
CONCLUSIONS: Subjective cognitive concerns are common among people with TBI and functional seizures and may be related to general mental health and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Evidence-based neurobehavioral therapy for functional seizures is a reasonable treatment option to address such concerns in this population, although additional studies in culturally diverse samples are needed. In addition, people with functional seizures would likely benefit from rehabilitation specifically targeted toward cognitive functioning.
Absorption: Atorvastatin calcium tablets are rapidly absorbed after oral administration; maximum plasma concentrations occur within 1 to 2 hours. Extent of absorption increases in proportion to atorvastatin calcium dose. The absolute bioavailability of atorvastatin (parent drug) is approximately 14% and the systemic availability of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory activity is approximately 30%. The low systemic availability is attributed to presystemic clearance in gastrointestinal mucosa and/or hepatic first-pass metabolism. Although food decreases the rate and extent of drug absorption by approximately 25% and 9%, respectively, as assessed by Cmax and AUC, LDL-C reduction is similar whether atorvastatin calcium tablets are given with or without food. Plasma atorvastatin concentrations are lower (approximately 30% for Cmax and AUC) following evening drug administration compared with morning. However, LDL-C reduction is the same regardless of the time of day of drug administration [see Dosage and Administration (2)].
Progressive resistance training 2 days/week, non-consecutive, of 2 sets (10 - 15 repetitions) of 10 exercises (\~75 minutes/week). Progression based on repetition completion and 1-repetition maximum. In addition 3 days of Core and Fusion control exercise will also be recommended.
After the coronal pulp tissue was completely removed up to the root canal orifice with a high-speed sterile diamond bur under water cooling, hemostasis was achieved within 8 minutes using a cotton pellet moistened with 1% NaOCl. Then, the pulp chamber was covered with 2-3 mm thick Bio MTA+ (Cerkamed Company, Poland) and composite restoration of the teeth (Clearfil Majesty Posterior, Kuraray Medical Inc, Tokyo, Japan) was completed in the same visit.
1,008,214. Diagnostic material. BAXTER LABORATORIES Inc. Sept. 1, 1962, No. 33632/62. Heading A5B. A diagnostic non-toxic fluent material comprises a mixture of a fluid silicone rubber and a catalyst capable of setting the said rubber, which mixture is introduceable into the intestine of a living animal, and capable of foaming and setting within said intestine at a temperature compatible with cell viability to a surface-conforming coherent, unplastic, pliant condition, with a sufficient by fine-grained surface to reproduce for diagnosis the physical features of abnormalities sought to be detected, and sufficient radiopaque substance to render the fluent material readily observable radiologically when said material is within the body of the living animal. In one example, the catalyst is stannous actoate, the radiopaque material is diatrizoate sodium and the room-temperature-vulcanizing silicone rubber consists of a mixture of a liquid prepolymer dimethyl silicone of 45,000 cs, fluid silicone rubber foam of 5000 cs and cyclic dimethyl polysiloxane of 20 cs. The radiopaque material may also be sodium acetriazoate, sodium diprotrizoate, diatrizoate methyl glucamine, ethyl iodophenylundecylate and barium sulphate. The material may be administered using a plastic bag 1 containing the settable liquid and a rupturable container of catalyst 2 associated with means for introducing the material into the intestine (Fig. 1).
BACKGROUND: PM2.5 has been associated with various adverse health effects, particularly affecting lung function and chronic respiratory diseases. However, the genetic causality relationship between PM2.5 exposure and lung function as well as chronic respiratory diseases remains poorly understood.
METHOD: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the causal impact of PM2.5 on lung function and chronic respiratory diseases. Instrumental variables were carefully selected, with significance thresholds (P < 5 × 10- 8), and linkage disequilibrium with an r2 value below 0.001. Additionally, SNPs with an F-statistic exceeding 10 were included to mitigate potential bias stemming from weak instrumental variables. The primary analytical approach employed the Inverse Variance Weighted method, supplemented by the Weighted Median, MR-Egger, Simple Model, and Weighted Model. Furthermore, pleiotropy and heterogeneity were evaluated through the MR-Egger intercept test and Cochrane's Q test, with a sensitivity analysis conducted using the leave-one-out method.
RESULTS: Eight SNPs significantly associated with PM2.5 exposure were identified as Instrumental variables. Mendelian randomization analysis revealed a significant causal association between PM2.5 exposure and lung function (FEV), with an OR of 0.7284 (95% CI: 0.5799-0.9150). Similarly, PM2.5 exposure demonstrated a substantial causal effect on asthma, with an OR of 1.5280 (95% CI: 1.0470-2.2299). However, no causal association was observed between PM2.5 exposure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with an OR of 1.5176 (95% CI: 0.8294-2.7768).
CONCLUSION: These findings emphasize the necessity for continued research efforts in environmental health to develop effective strategies for the prevention and management of chronic respiratory diseases.