anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Most host-microbiota interactions occur within the intestinal barrier, which is essential for separating the intestinal epithelium from toxins, microorganisms, and antigens in the gut lumen. Gut inflammation allows pathogenic bacteria to enter the blood stream, forming immune complexes which may deposit on organs. Despite increased circulating immune complexes (CICs) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and discussions among IBD experts regarding their potential pathogenic role in extra-intestinal manifestations, this phenomenon is overlooked because definitive evidence demonstrating CIC-induced extra-intestinal manifestations in IBD animal models is lacking. However, clinical observations of elevated CICs in newly diagnosed, untreated patients with IBD have reignited research into their potential pathogenic implications. Musculoskeletal symptoms are the most prevalent extra-intestinal IBD manifestations. CICs are pivotal in various arthritis forms, including reactive, rheumatoid, and Lyme arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Research indicates that intestinal barrier restoration during the pre-phase of arthritis could inhibit arthritis development. In the absence of animal models supporting extra-intestinal IBD manifestations, this paper aims to comprehensively explore the relationship between CICs and arthritis onset via a multifaceted analysis to offer a fresh perspective for further investigation and provide novel insights into the interplay between CICs and arthritis development in IBD.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.

The incidence of adverse reactions was derived from two controlled efficacy and safety trials involving 1473 BPH patients. In Study 1, CARDURA XL (n=317) was compared to doxazosin IR tablets (n=322) and to placebo (n=156). In Study 2, CARDURA XL (n=350) was compared just to doxazosin IR tablets (n=330). In both of these studies, CARDURA XL was initiated at a dose of 4 mg, which could be increased by the investigator to 8 mg after seven weeks if an adequate response was not seen [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. Similarly, doxazosin IR was begun at a dose of 1 mg, which was increased in all patients to 2 mg after 1 week, followed by the option to increase to 4 mg after 4 weeks, and 8 mg after 7 weeks.

The most commonly reported adverse reactions leading to discontinuation in the CARDURA XL group were: dizziness, dyspnea, asthenia, headache, hypotension, postural hypotension, and somnolence. The rates of discontinuation for adverse reactions were 6%, 7% and 3% in the CARDURA XL, doxazosin IR, and placebo groups, respectively.

Table 1 lists the incidence rates of adverse reactions derived from all reported adverse events in the two controlled studies (Studies 1 and 2) combined, at a rate greater than placebo and in 1% or more of patients treated with CARDURA XL. 

Additional adverse events reported with CARDURA XL, reported by less than 1% of patients, and those of clinical interest include: Cardiovascular System: angina pectoris, syncope, tachycardia, chest pain, palpitations; Digestive System: diarrhea; Musculoskeletal System: arthralgia; Nervous System: libido decreased; Urogenital System: impotence, dysuria.

In general, the adverse events reported in the open-label safety extension, in approximately 295 BPH patients treated for up to 37 weeks, were similar in type and frequency to the events described above in the controlled trials.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer in Switzerland in terms of annual new cases and cancer deaths. Since most cantons have an organized screening program, more people are recorded with a positive family history of CRC. In the majority, the familial form of CRC is present, a hereditary form is much less common. Relatives of patients with CRC are a heterogeneous group whose CRC risk varies. A good assessment of disease risk can optimize the benefit-risk ratio for more intensive prevention. These recommendations («expert opinion statement») are intended to serve as a basis in clinical practice for planning preventative care, monitoring and human genetic counseling in the presence of a family history positive for CRC.
This systematic review with the Delphi study aimed to identify effective and resource-efficient (optimal) strategies for recruiting schools into health promotion interventions in the United States. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL (EBSCO). A total of 116 interventions reported in 160 articles were included. Most school-based interventions did not report data regarding school recruitment duration (81%), target school size (63%), and school recruitment strategies (78%). Further, no details were provided regarding the reasons for declining to participate despite being eligible. For the Delphi, responses from 23 researchers in school-based clinical trials were collected. A qualitative descriptive approach was used for coding responses and collapsed into higher-order categories based on school recruitment strategies. Delphi participants reported that (1) creating new or leveraging pre-existing partnerships, (2) intervention champion, (3) minimal school disruptions, (4) working with open mind/flexibility, and (5) transparent communication are the most optimal school recruitment strategies. Staff time and travel were the most frequently reported costs for implementing those strategies. The overall trend in school-based obesity prevention intervention studies illustrates the importance of a better understanding school recruitment. Improved reporting can allow researchers to budget their time and resources better and provide greater confidence in reaching their target school size.
BACKGROUND: Hyperhomocysteine (HHcy) plays an important role in promoting inflammation and cell death of tubular epithelial cells. However, the role of HHcy and Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) in sepsis associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI) remain unclear.
PURPOSE: A significant aspect of this study aimed to elucidate the effect of AS-Ⅳ treatment on HHcy-exacerbated S-AKI and reveal its potential mechanism.
METHODS: Male C57BL/6 J mice fed with specific diet containing 2% methionine were established as in vivo models, and AS-Ⅳ was orally administrated continuously for 3 weeks, and then LPS (10 mg·kg-1 bodyweight) was given by a single intraperitoneal injection. The renal morphological changes were evaluated by HE and PAS staining. RNA-sequencing analysis was applied to select key signaling. The NRK-52E cells exposed to Hcy or combined with LPS were used as in vitro models. The mRNA and protein expression levels of Gpr97-TPL2 signaling were examined by qRT-PCR and western blotting assays.
RESULTS: In vivo, HHcy mice developed more severe renal injury and prevalent tubular inflammation after LPS injection. In vitro, the levels of NGAL, Gpr97 and TPL2 were significantly increased in NRK-52E cells induced by Hcy (1.6 mM) or in combination with LPS. Notably, the effects of Hcy on TPL2 signaling was abolished by transfecting TPL2 siRNA or treating TPL2 inhibitor, without alterations in Gpr97. However, the enhancement of Gpr97-TPL2 signaling induced by Hcy was counteracted by Gpr97 siRNA. Subsequently, our findings demonstrated that AS-Ⅳ treatment can improve renal function in HHcy-exacerbated S-AKI mice. Mechanistically, AS-Ⅳ alleviated renal tubular damage characterized by abnormal increases in KIM-1, NGAL, TPL2, Gpr97, Sema3A and TNF-α, and decreases in survivin in vivo and in vitro mainly through suppressing the activation of Gpr97-TPL2 signaling.
CONCLUSION: The present study suggested that HHcy-exacerbated S-AKI was mediated mechanically by activation of Gpr97-TPL2 signaling for the first time. Furthermore, our research also illustrated that AS-Ⅳ protected against HHcy-exacerbated S-AKI by attenuating renal tubular epithelial cells damage through negatively regulating Gpr97-TPL2 signaling, proposing a natural product treatment strategy for HHcy-exacerbated S-AKI.
Carcinogenesis: Two-year dietary carcinogenicity studies with famciclovir were conducted in rats and mice. An increase in the incidence of mammary adenocarcinoma (a common tumor in animals of this strain) was seen in female rats receiving the high dose of 600 mg/kg/day (1.1 to 4.5x the human systemic exposure at the recommended total daily oral dose ranging between 500 mg and 2000 mg, based on area under the plasma concentration curve comparisons [24 hr AUC] for penciclovir). No increases in tumor incidence were reported in male rats treated at doses up to 240 mg/kg/day (0.7 to 2.7x the human AUC), or in male and female mice at doses up to 600 mg/kg/day (0.3 to 1.2x the human AUC). 

Mutagenesis: Famciclovir and penciclovir (the active metabolite of famciclovir) were tested for genotoxic potential in a battery of in vitro and in vivo assays. Famciclovir and penciclovir were negative in in vitro tests for gene mutations in bacteria (S. typhimurium and E. coli) and unscheduled DNA synthesis in mammalian HeLa 83 cells (at doses up to 10,000 and 5,000 mcg/plate, respectively). Famciclovir was also negative in the L5178Y mouse lymphoma assay (5000 mcg/mL), the in vivo mouse micronucleus test (4800 mg/kg), and rat dominant lethal study (5000 mg/kg). Famciclovir induced increases in polyploidy in human lymphocytes in vitro in the absence of chromosomal damage (1200 mcg/mL). Penciclovir was positive in the L5178Y mouse lymphoma assay for gene mutation/chromosomal aberrations, with and without metabolic activation (1000 mcg/mL). In human lymphocytes, penciclovir caused chromosomal aberrations in the absence of metabolic activation (250 mcg/mL). Penciclovir caused an increased incidence of micronuclei in mouse bone marrow in vivo when administered intravenously at doses highly toxic to bone marrow (500 mg/kg), but not when administered orally. 

Impairment of fertility: Testicular toxicity was observed in rats, mice, and dogs following repeated administration of famciclovir or penciclovir. Testicular changes included atrophy of the seminiferous tubules, reduction in sperm count, and/or increased incidence of sperm with abnormal morphology or reduced motility. The degree of toxicity to male reproduction was related to dose and duration of exposure. In male rats, decreased fertility was observed after 10 weeks of dosing at 500 mg/kg/day (1.4 to 5.7x the human AUC). The no observable effect level for sperm and testicular toxicity in rats following chronic administration (26 weeks) was 50 mg/kg/day (0.15 to 0.6x the human systemic exposure based on AUC comparisons). Testicular toxicity was observed following chronic administration to mice (104 weeks) and dogs (26 weeks) at doses of 600 mg/kg/day (0.3 to 1.2x the human AUC) and 150 mg/kg/day (1.3 to 5.1x the human AUC), respectively. 

Famciclovir had no effect on general reproductive performance or fertility in female rats at doses up to 1000 mg/kg/day (2.7 to 10.8x the human AUC).
An adventure-based cognitive behavioral intervention program An 13-session adventure-based cognitive behavioral intervention program, including 6 lectures, 5 workshops and adventure games, and one adventure day camp (2 sessions). One session per week, 3 hours for each session. A variety of cognitive behavioral skills are taught in lectures and these skills are practiced in two groups (with appropriately 20 students in each group) in workshop to help students to apply these skills to cope with their own daily life stress. The adventure training includes a day adventure camp and five 40-minute adventure games in the beginning of each workshop. Skill briefing, case demonstration and debriefing, group sharing and discussion, in-class exercise and homework are used in the intervention program.
Inflammation is an important pathological process of many acute and chronic diseases, such as sepsis, arthritis, and cancer. Many factors can lead to an inflammatory state of the body, among which bacterial infection plays an important role. Bacterial infection often leads to sepsis, acute lung injury (ALI), or its more serious form of acute respiratory distress syndrome, which are the main fatal diseases in intensive care units. Costunolide has been reported to possess excellent anti-inflammatory activity; however, whether it can affect inflammation induced by gram-negative bacterial is still unclear. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPMs) to release proinflammatory cytokines was used as the cell model. The mouse model of sepsis and ALI was built through injecting intravenously and intratracheally of LPS. In the present study, costunolide inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory response through IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway in macrophages. In vivo, costunolide attenuated LPS-induced septic death in mice. Meanwhile, costunolide treatment alleviated LPS-induced lung injury and inflammation via inhibiting the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Taken together, these results demonstrated that costunolide could attenuate gram-negative bacterial induced inflammation and diseases and might be a potential candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
All subjects were implanted with the HARMONI™ Modular Intraocular Lens (HMIOL) System in the right eye, left eye, or both eyes based on the best interest of the subject and the clinical judgment the Investigator (Day 0, primary implantation) (Cohort 1). At Month 1 post primary implantation, subjects were given the option to undergo an optic exchange procedure. Subjects who underwent the optic exchange (Cohort 2) (Day 0, optic exchange) were followed for an additional month. Subjects who did not undergo an optic exchange were exited from the study, except at 1 site, which followed subjects up to Month 12.

Alcon Research, LLC, acquired ClarVista Medical in 2017. This study was designed and conducted by ClarVista Medical, Inc. The study results were collected, analyzed, and provided by ClarVista Medical, Inc. to Alcon Research, LLC.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject compound capable of controlling arthropod parasites and effecting protection from and prevention of invasion and affection by the parasites and administered by applying a specified compound to animals and human or their surroundings. SOLUTION: This invention relates to a compound of the formula [R is H or an 1-4C alkyl; R1 is an 1-4C alkyl; Ar is e.g. a (substituted) phenyl or 1-naphthyl; and Ar1 is a (substituted) phenoxyphenyl or (substituted) phenyl] or its optical isomer for being administered or applied to animals and human or their environment in an parasiticidally effective amount. The compounds of the formula include e.g. 1-(p-chlorophenyl)-1-[2-fluoro-3-(4-fluoro-3- phenoxyphenyl)propenyl]cyclopropane. The compound is effective for parasites in e.g. dipterans and phlebotominae, and usable as a combination with e.g. other parasiticide (e.g. benzimidazole) or endectocide (e.g. avermectin).
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a medicine and a health food that are useful for preventing and treating hyperuricemia, gout etc., and have high safety.  <P>SOLUTION: The agent for reducing uric acid in blood includes melanin as an active ingredient. Squid ink or a squid ink extract is used as melanin. The prophylactic and/or therapeutic agent or the functional food for hyperuricemia and/or gout is composed of an agent for reducing uric acid in blood, comprising melanin as an active ingredient. The functional food displays its usage and dosage when used for preventing and treating hyperuricemia or gout.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
The invention relates to a temperature and pH valve sensitive nano microgel and a preparation method thereof. Structure formula of the microgel and copolymer thereof is shown above, wherein temperature sensitive monomer M is amide group containing compound, pH sensitive monomer N is carboxyl group containing compound, crosslinking agent O is acryloyl group containing compound, and mole ratio of amount of the three groups is 50-90 to 40-5 to 10-5. Degree of polymerization Z is 10-500. The method of preparing the microgel under condition of adding no emulsifier includes: employing specific dropping technique and nonsoap emulsion polymerization method, composing reactant water solution by M, N, O and water solvent according proportion, timed adding the reactant water solution to initiator water solution drop by drop, after ruleless copolymerizing and purifying, obtaining the double sensitive nano microgel with equal particle diameter of 40-300 nm and high stability. The microgel is easy to store, convenient for use and widely be used for medicament carrier and coating field. Advantages of the preparing method are: range of applicability is wide, technique is simple, and preparation can be large-scale production.
1. A method of treating patients suffering from CNS disease comprising the administration to the patent of both cabergoline and pramipexole or their pharmacologically acceptable salts. 2. A method of claim 1 for the treatment of patients suffering from Parkinson's Disease. 3. A method of claim 2 where the initial dose of cabergoline is administered to the patient at a dose of 0.5 to 1 mg/patient/day and is adjusted upward at weekly intervals to a therapeutic dosage of 2,4,6,8 or 10 mg/patient/day and where the initial dose of pramipexole is started at 0.375 mg/patient/day and is adjusted upward every 5 to 7 days to a therapeutic dosage of 3,4,5,6,or 7 mg/patient/day. 4. The method of claim 3 where the cabergoline is administered to the patient at a dose of 0.5 to 1 mg/patient/day and is adjusted upward at weekly intervals to a therapeutic dosage of 4, or 6 mg/patient/day and the pramipexole is adjusted upward weekly to a dosage of 5 or 6 mg/patient/day. 5. The method of claim 4 where the therapeutic dose of cabergoline is 6 mg/patient/day and the therapeutic dose of pramipexole s 5 mg/patient/day. 6. Use of cabergoline in combination with pramipexole or their pharmacologically acceptable salts as a medicament for use in treating Parkinson's Disease (PD). 7. A pharmaceutical composition for treatment of Parkinson's Disease (PD), comprising cabergoline in combination with pramipexole or their pharmacologically acceptable salts or pharmacologically acceptable carrier.
BACKGROUND: With application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the disease screening, process reengineering occurred simultaneously. Whether process reengineering deserves special emphasis in AI implementation in the community-based blinding fundus diseases screening is not clear.
METHOD: Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses were performed employing decision-analytic Markov models. A hypothetical cohort of community residents was followed in the model over a period of 30 1-year Markov cycles, starting from the age of 60. The simulated cohort was based on work data of the Shanghai Digital Eye Disease Screening program (SDEDS). Three scenarios were compared: centralized screening with manual grading-based telemedicine systems (Scenario 1), centralized screening with an AI-assisted screening system (Scenario 2), and process reengineered screening with an AI-assisted screening system (Scenario 3). The main outcomes were incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR).
RESULTS: Compared with Scenario 1, Scenario 2 results in incremental 187.03 years of blindness avoided and incremental 106.78 QALYs at an additional cost of $ 490010.62 per 10,000 people screened, with an ICER of $2619.98 per year of blindness avoided and an ICUR of $4589.13 per QALY. Compared with Scenario 1, Scenario 3 results in incremental 187.03 years of blindness avoided and incremental 106.78 QALYs at an additional cost of $242313.23 per 10,000 people screened, with an ICER of $1295.60 per year of blindness avoided and an ICUR of $2269.35 per QALY. Although Scenario 2 and 3 could be considered cost-effective, the screening cost of Scenario 3 was 27.6 % and the total cost was 1.1 % lower, with the same expected effectiveness and utility. The probabilistic sensitivity analyses show that Scenario 3 dominated 69.1 % and 70.3 % of simulations under one and three times the local GDP per capita thresholds.
CONCLUSIONS: AI can improve the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of screenings, especially when process reengineering is performed. Therefore, process reengineering is strongly recommended when AI is implemented.
The invention discloses an anti-hypertension medicine composite preparation based on methyldopa. The anti-hypertension medicine composite preparation is prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight: 30 to 500 parts of methyldopa, 10 to 150 parts of Telmisartan and 100 to 1600 parts of medicine carriers. The methyldopa and the Telmisartan are used as medicine ingredients to be mixed with the medicine carriers for forming the composite preparation. The invention provides the anti-hypertension medicine composite preparation of the methyldopa and an RAS inhibitor with the advantages that the medicine taking is convenient; the use is safe. The preparation has the advantages that the systolic pressure is comprehensively controlled; the diastolic pressure reduction is necessarily caused. The ET vasoconstrictive effect can be relieved; the AngII vasoconstrictive effect can also be relieved; meanwhile, the ET and AngII pathological blood vessel propagation effect is also relieved; by aiming at the known major pathological neurohumour factors causing the hypertension at present, the effect of reducing the systolic pressure to the maximum degree is realized; meanwhile, the effect of reducing the diastolic pressure is achieved.
Deep south Interactive voice response system Active Lifestyle (DIAL) intervention. Participants will receive 12 months of automated physical activity phone counseling. Participants will report their physical activity to the IVR system each day for 3 months, twice/week in months 3-6, and once/week in months 6-12 and receive progress feedback via IVR system, along with community health worker support.
The invention provides a cellsovary granulosa cell anti-aging product, and the preparation method and the application of the product. The invention applies cellsovary granulosa cells in preparation of anti-aging products. The cellsovary granulosa cell anti-aging product of the invention is characterized in that in vitro cultivated and amplified cultivation supernatant of female mammalian animal celsovary granulose cells and/or the cell extract is contained; and one or more than one pharmaceutically acceptable medical excipient and antioxidant are contained. Via the cellsovary granulosa cells, the invention is capable of proliferating and secreting large amounts of a plurality of bioactive substances. The invention adopts granulose cells with extremely high bioavailability and similar to female physiological characteristics to cultivate supernatant and the cell extract of the supernatant. The invention can be taken orally, absorbed by skin or be prepared into vaginal suppository to achieve the purpose of anti-aging.