anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a medicine to quickly and continuously relieve pathological conditions of a patient suffering from disorders relating to gastric acid secretion; and to provide a therapeutic method whereby pathological conditions of the patient suffering from the disorders relating to gastric acid secretion are quickly and continuously relieved.  <P>SOLUTION: The oral pharmaceutical dosage form includes pharmacologically effective amounts of an acid-sensitive proton pump inhibitor and H2 receptor antagonist, together with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient which brings delayed and/or extended release of the inhibitor. The H2 receptor antagonist is contained in the dosage form in a quickly releasable form after administration. The dosage form is suitable for treatment of disorders caused by excessive gastric acid secretion, providing a proper combination of quick appearance of the effects and long duration time thereof. The invention also relates to the production method of the dosage form and the therapeutic method for relieving pathological conditions relating to gastric acid secretion.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
Amantadine hydrochloride, USP is designated chemically as 1-adamantanamine hydrochloride. Its molecular weight is 187.71 with a molecular formula C10H18NCl. It has the following structural formula:

Amantadine hydrochloride, USP is a stable white or nearly white crystalline powder, freely soluble in water and soluble in alcohol and in chloroform.

Amantadine hydrochloride, USP has pharmacological actions as both an anti-Parkinson and an antiviral drug.

Amantadine hydrochloride, USP is available as 100 mg capsules for oral administration. Inactive ingredients: magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, Povidone , Sodium Starch Glycolate, Colloidal Silicon Dioxide. The capsule shells and imprinting ink contain FD&C Blue #1, FD&C Red #40, gelatin, FD&C Yellow #6, sodium lauryl sulfate, and titanium dioxide.

It meets USP Dissolution Test 2.
BACKGROUND: The development of neuropathic pain (NP) is one of the reasons why the pain is difficult to treat, and microglial activation plays an important role in NP. Recently, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a novel therapeutic method for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). However, it's unclarified whether PRP has analgesic effects on NP induced by KOA and the underlying mechanisms unknown.
PURPOSE: To observe the analgesic effects of PRP on NP induced by KOA and explore the potential mechanisms of PRP in alleviating NP.
METHODS: KOA was induced in male rats with intra-articular injections of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) on day 0. The rats received PRP or NS (normal saline) treatment at days 15, 17, and 19 after modeling. The Von Frey and Hargreaves tests were applied to assess the pain-related behaviors at different time points. After euthanizing the rats with deep anesthesia at days 28 and 42, the corresponding tissues were taken for subsequent experiments. The expression of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and ionized-calcium-binding adapter molecule-1(Iba-1) in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) was detected by immunohistochemical staining. In addition, the knee histological assessment was performed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining.
RESULTS: The results indicated that injection of MIA induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, which could be reversed by PRP treatment. PRP downregulated the expression of ATF3 within the DRG and Iba-1 within the SDH. Furthermore, an inhibitory effect on cartilage degeneration was observed in the MIA + PRP group only on day 28.
CONCLUSION: These results indicate that PRP intra-articular injection therapy may be a potential therapeutic agent for relieving NP induced by KOA. This effect could be attributed to downregulation of microglial activation and reduction in nerve injury.
The healthy subject will be anesthetized with Sevoflurane. Respiratory measurements will be taken while the subject is anesthetized to calculate the airway closing pressure. After recovery from anesthesia, airway diameter and duty cycle will also be measured. In addition to breathing air mixture, subject will be given carbon dioxide to achieve end tidal CO2 levels of 4 mm and 8 mm above baseline. All respiratory measurements will be repeated at each level above baseline. Assessment of swallow patterns during anesthesia and wakefulness, as well as under differential CO2 levels will be assessed offline after recovery from anesthesia.
Experimental group B: 35 subjects .0.004% ZKY001 eye drops . 4 times a day,1 drop every time, continuously administered for 14±2 days ZKY001 eye drops will be directly dripped into the test eye (the surgical eye was taken as the test eye).
PURPOSE:To prepare the title immune globulin by purifying crude immune globulin by the combined use of a specific fractional precipitation and affinity chromatography. CONSTITUTION:A crude immune globulin is purified by (A) a fractional precipitation which comprises the addition of bi- or tri-valent metal salt (e.g. zinc sulfate, aluminum chloride, etc.) to the aqueous solution of the crude immune globulin and the separation of the supernatant liquid, and (B) an affinity chromatography using an addition product of human-IgG and a polyhydroxy-polymer (e.g. Sepharose) as an adsorbent. The order of (A) and (B) is arbitrary. The coagulated or denaturated globulin having anticomplement activity can be removed by this process to obtain a purified immune globulin free of anticomplement substance.
Patients receive durvalumab IV over 60 minutes on day 1 with gemcitabine IV over 30 minutes and cisplatin IV over 60 minutes on days 1 and 8 for 4 cycles and then undergo surgical resection on study. Following surgery, patients may continue the durvalumab, gemcitabine and cisplatin regimen for up to 4 additional cycles. Cycles repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Additionally, patients undergo CT scans and/or MRI scans and blood sample collection throughout study, as well as tissue biopsies during screening and on study.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydrogel external preparation that solves sagging and adhesion to clothing in use, so-called dripping without reducing exudation property of solution from gel surface and sufficiently obtains sense of adhesion during use and sense of effect (sense of moisture retention) by permeation of water, etc., to the patched skin after use.  <P>SOLUTION: The hydrogel external preparation includes at least a synthetic polymer having a network structure, a hydroxypropyl guar gum, a humectant, an exudation agent and water. The amount of hydroxypropyl guar gum contained is 0.05-3 pts.wt. in 100 pts.wt. of all hydrogel external preparation.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT
Will receive 4 types of short-acting NRT medication to use in combination with the nicotine patch in each counseling session for four sessions. At the fifth session, participants will select their short acting NRT to use with the patch to make a cessation attempt.
NEW MATERIAL:A monoclonal antibody produced by a hybridoma system having specificity to carcinoembryonic antigen. USE:A cancer diagnozing reagent for immune determination of carcinoembryonic antigen. PREPARATION:For example, Hank's solution containing polyethylene glycol is added dropwise to a lymph node cell around focus of mammary cancer and an azaguanine resistant strain of human lymphoblast RPMI-1788, ATCC No. CRL8118, and they are subjected to cell fusion to give a hybridoma strain. The hybridoma strain is cultivated and multiplied in a medium containing 4X10<-7>M aminopterin, 10<-4>M hypoxanthine, and 1.5X10<-5>M thymidine, it is subjected to cloning by limiting dilution method. The cloned hybridoma strain is cultivated in a medium containing bovine fetal serum for 48hr, the supernatant liquid is adsorbed on Sepharose column with immobilized anti-human IgG antibody, and it is eluted with an eluting solution to give a monoclonal antibody.
Subjects will be patch tested with 4 experimental doses of aluminum chloride, 0.040 mg/cm², 0.12 mg/cm², 0.36 mg/cm² and 0.72 mg/cm², 4 experimental doses of aluminum lactate 0.047 mg/cm², 0.14 mg/cm², 0.42 mg/cm² and 0.84 mg/cm², a negative control and corresponding reference allergens, 2.0% aluminum chloride in petrolatum and 12.0% aluminum lactate in petrolatum. Patch tests will be worn for 48 hours.
The invention provides a human fibrinogen-like protein 2 prothrombinase immunogenicity peptide and a use thereof. The human fibrinogen-like protein 2 prothrombinase immunogenicity peptide comprises 12 continuous glutamic acid-rich amino acids near by a serine residue located at an exocellular amino terminal locus 91 of human fibrinogen-like protein 2 prothrombinase. An amino acid sequence of the human fibrinogen-like protein 2 prothrombinase immunogenicity peptide is Glu-Glu-Val-Phe-Lys-Glu-Val-Gln-Asn-Leu-Lys-Glu. A monoclonal antibody of the human fibrinogen-like protein 2 prothrombinase immunogenicity peptide can be prepared by an immunological method and can be used as a novel and specific inhibitor of human fibrinogen-like protein 2 prothrombinase. The monoclonal antibody can be usedfor research of adjustment on blood coagulation promotion functions of human fibrinogen-like protein 2 prothrombinase. The monoclonal antibody prepared according to the human fibrinogen-like protein 2 prothrombinase immunogenicity peptide is beneficial for clinic intervention of disease associated with microcirculatory disturbance.
BACKGROUND: This study used micro-focus X-ray Computed Tomography (micro-XCT) to examine the anatomical differences and dimensions of the maxillary incisive canal (MIC) in a South African population. The accurate imaging yielded dependable results that support earlier research and enhance anterior maxilla surgery planning. Furthermore, these anatomical features are compared between various racial and gender groupings in the study.
METHODS: Using a micro-XCT scanner, 108 human cadaver skulls from the Pretoria Bone Collection were scanned and included in the study. Advanced volume rendering software was employed for measuring the MIC length, diameter, shape, and the buccal bone wall measurements in relation to the MIC.
RESULTS: Significant anatomical variation in the size and shape of the MIC was identified in the population, with variations seen between racial and gender groups. The incisive foramen (ICO) mean diameter was 6.61 mm, and the MIC length varied from 4.96 to 20.10 mm. There were significant differences in the buccal alveolar bone height between different ethnic groups and gender. Regarding morphological patterns in coronal and sagittal views, single canals were more common in the black population while Y-shaped canals were more common in the white population. The study also introduced a new metric by measuring the mean distances between teeth #11 and #21 and the ICO (1.83 mm and 1.88 mm respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: The complex anatomical differences of the MIC in a South African population were clarified. Clinicians should be aware of tooth sockets in near proximity to the MIC and perform accurate preoperative assessment using sophisticated 3-D imaging and preferable guided implant placement in the anterior maxilla.
Capsaicin is the main pungent ingredient in chili peppers. Topical capsaicin 8% is used for the treatment of peripheral neuropathic pain. Application of capsaicin 8% provokes distinct pain by activating the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor. Cooling the skin results in a reliable prevention of the application pain. However, the necessary cooling temperature and if cooling itself produces application pain, is unknown.

Materials and Methods: 10 female and 10 male healthy volunteers will be enrolled in a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, cross-over study. The left or right forearm of each subject is going to be treated with a capsaicin 8% patch (QUTENZA, Astellas Pharma, Tokyo, Japan) of 9 cm² or a placebo patch (Demo patch, Astellas Pharma, Tokyo, Japan) of the same size for 60 min. Then the other forearm (which has not been tested before) will be treated with the remaining patch. During capsaicin and placebo exposure HPT in °C and CPT in °C are going to be obtained by the thermode of a thermal sensory analyser, TSA-II (Medoc Ltd., Ramat Yishai, Israel). Temperature increase/decrease of the thermode will be stopped, as soon as the subject presses a switch because of a beginning pain sensation. Immediately after exposure a pin prick test will be performed 5 times in a row by pressing a Mini-Spike (B. Braun Melsungen AG, Melsungen, Germany) slowly against the skin of the application areal to determine the pressure necessary to provoke a sharp pain (Mechanical pain threshold in g). 2 weeks later HPT, CPT, and MPT will be determined again in the areas of capsaicin and placebo exhibition.
While 1-2% of individuals meet the criteria for a clinical diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), many more (~13-38%) experience subclinical obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) during their life. To characterize the genetic underpinnings of OCS and its genetic relationship to OCD, we conducted the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of parent- or self-reported OCS to date (N = 33,943 with complete phenotypic and genome-wide data), combining the results from seven large-scale population-based cohorts from Sweden, the Netherlands, England, and Canada (including six twin cohorts and one cohort of unrelated individuals). We found no genome-wide significant associations at the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) or gene-level, but a polygenic risk score (PRS) based on the OCD GWAS previously published by the Psychiatric Genetics Consortium (PGC-OCD) was significantly associated with OCS (Pfixed = 3.06 × 10-5). Also, one curated gene set (Mootha Gluconeogenesis) reached Bonferroni-corrected significance (Ngenes = 28, Beta = 0.79, SE = 0.16, Pbon = 0.008). Expression of genes in this set is high at sites of insulin mediated glucose disposal. Dysregulated insulin signaling in the etiology of OCS has been suggested by a previous study describing a genetic overlap of OCS with insulin signaling-related traits in children and adolescents. We report a SNP heritability of 4.1% (P = 0.0044) in the meta-analyzed GWAS, and heritability estimates based on the twin cohorts of 33-43%. Genetic correlation analysis showed that OCS were most strongly associated with OCD (rG = 0.72, p = 0.0007) among all tested psychiatric disorders (N = 11). Of all 97 tested phenotypes, 24 showed a significant genetic correlation with OCS, and 66 traits showed concordant directions of effect with OCS and OCD. OCS have a significant polygenic contribution and share genetic risk with diagnosed OCD, supporting the hypothesis that OCD represents the extreme end of widely distributed OCS in the population.
Patients, their caregivers, and families should be counseled that AEDs, including valproic acid, may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior and should be advised of the need to be alert for the emergence or worsening of symptoms of depression, any unusual changes in mood or behavior, or the emergence of suicidal thoughts, behavior, or thoughts about self-harm. Behaviors of concern should be reported immediately to the healthcare providers (see ). WARNINGS

Patients should be informed of the signs and symptoms associated with hyperammonemic encephalopathy (see ) and be told to inform the prescriber if any of these symptoms occur. PRECAUTIONS - Hyperammonemia

Since valproic acid products may produce CNS depression, especially when combined with another CNS depressant (e.g., alcohol), patients should be advised not to engage in hazardous activities, such as driving an automobile or operating dangerous machinery, until it is known that they do not become drowsy from the drug.

Patients should be instructed that a fever associated with other organ system involvement (rash, lymphadenopathy, etc.) may be drug-related and should be reported to the physician immediately (see ). PRECAUTIONS - Multi-organ Hypersensitivity Reaction
PURPOSE:A dental investment material, containing a specific amount of acid aluminum phosphate in an investment material consisting of hemihydrate gypsum and silica, and handleable easily in kneading or embedding or after casting, increasing the strength and fire resistance at high temperatures and improving the surface conditions of the cast material. CONSTITUTION:A dental investment material containing acid aluminum phosphate, e.g. aluminum primary or secondary phosphate, in an amount of (1/50)- (1/5) of that of hemihydrate gypsum in 20-45wt% hemihydrate gypsum and 55- 80wt% silica. If the content of the acid aluminum phosphate is smaller than (1/50) of that of the hemihydrate gypsum, improving effect on the surface of a cast material is insufficient. If the content exceeds (1/5) of that of the hemihydrate gypsum, delay of setting time and baking of the investment material on the cast material, etc. are caused.
PURPOSE:To provide the subject composition containing a specific antibody having specificity and a polyphenol compound at the same time, exhibiting excellent cariostatic and antiperiodontic actions and effective in preventing periodontosis induced by the dental caries of infant and adult frequently taking a sugar-containing drink or food. CONSTITUTION:The objective composition contains a specific antibody against Streptococcus mutans and a polyphenol compound at the same time. The specific antibody is preferably prepared from the yolk of hen's egg from the viewpoint of economy and sense. The antibody is effective at a concentration of >=1mug/ml in the case of using a chicken egg antibody immunized by conventional method. The polyphenol compound is e.g. (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, (+)-gallocatechin or (-)-epigallocatechin which are separated from an ethyl accetate-soluble fraction of an aqueous extract or alcohol extract of tea. The concentration of the compound is an extremely important factor and is preferably 100-10mug/ml.
Peptides that specifically bind erythrocytes are described. They are provided as peptides or as antibodies or fragments thereof. The peptides may be fused to therapeutic agents, tolerizing antigens, or targeting peptides. Immunotolerance may be created by use of the fusions and choosing an antigen on a substance for which tolerance is desired. In an embodiment pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising a fusion of an erythrocyte binding moiety and a tolerogenic antigen are provided. The tolerogenic antigen is a self antigen or a transplantation antigen.
BACKGROUND: Epidermal remodeling and hypertrophy are hallmarks of skin fibrotic disorders, and keratinocyte to mesenchymal (EMT)-like transformations drive epidermis alteration in skin fibrosis such as keloids and hypertrophic scars (HTS). While phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors have shown effectiveness in various fibrotic disorders, their role in skin fibrosis is not fully understood. This study aimed to explore the specific role of PDE4B in epidermal remodeling and hypertrophy seen in skin fibrosis.
METHODS: In vitro experiments examined the effects of inhibiting PDE4A-D (with Roflumilast) or PDE4B (with siRNA) on TGFβ1-induced EMT differentiation and dedifferentiation in human 3D epidermis. In vivo studies investigated the impact of PDE4 inhibition on HOCl-induced skin fibrosis and epidermal hypertrophy in mice, employing both preventive and therapeutic approaches.
RESULTS: The study found increased levels of PDE4B (mRNA, protein) in keloids > HTS compared to healthy epidermis, as well as in TGFβ-stimulated 3D epidermis. Keloids and HTS epidermis exhibited elevated levels of collagen Iα1, fibronectin, αSMA, N-cadherin, and NOX4 mRNA, along with decreased levels of E-cadherin and ZO-1, confirming an EMT process. Inhibition of both PDE4A-D and PDE4B prevented TGFβ1-induced Smad3 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation and mesenchymal differentiation in vitro. PDE4A-D inhibition also promoted mesenchymal dedifferentiation and reduced TGFβ1-induced ROS and keratinocyte senescence by rescuing PPM1A, a Smad3 phosphatase. In vivo, PDE4 inhibition mitigated HOCl-induced epidermal hypertrophy in mice in both preventive and therapeutic settings.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the study supports the potential of PDE4 inhibitors, particularly PDE4B, in treating skin fibrosis, including keloids and HTS, shedding light on their functional role in this condition.
RESEARCH QUESTION: What is the association between endometrial thickness (EMT) and the birthweight of singleton infants born from frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles?
DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2016 to December 2019. Participants were categorized into a natural cycle (NC, n = 8132) group and hormone replacement therapy (HRT, n = 4975) group. Only singleton deliveries were included. The primary outcomes were measures of birthweight and relevant indexes. Multivariable logistic regression and multivariable-adjusted linear regression models that incorporated restricted cubic splines were used.
RESULTS: In the HRT group, the risk of delivering a small for gestational age (SGA) infant was increased in women with an EMT <8.0 mm (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-2.91) compared with women with an EMT of 8.0 to <12.0 mm, and increased with an EMT ≥12.0 mm (aOR 1.85, 95% CI 1.03-3.33). An inverted U-shaped relationship was found between EMT and birthweight in women with HRT. No significant differences were shown in birthweight z-score, or being SGA or large for gestational age, in singletons among the three EMT groups in the natural cycles.
CONCLUSIONS: A thinner endometrium seen in women undergoing HRT cycles was associated with a lower birthweight z-score, as well as a higher risk of SGA. However, no significant association was observed between EMT and birthweight z-score or SGA in the NC group. It is noteworthy that a thicker endometrium was not associated with a higher birthweight in frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Women with a thin endometrium who achieve pregnancy require specialized attention, particularly if they are undergoing FET with HRT cycles.
Sham subjects will undergo exactly the same tDCS protocol as outlined above. This includes the initial stimulation sequence, generating the initial transient scalp sensations identical to the treatment group. The stimulator will be programmed by the technologist to automatically ramp down to off over 30 seconds after 120 seconds of stimulation.
A 3-month intervention of HIIT will be given to participants allocated to this group. The once-a-week HIIT will be performed in small groups on treadmills supervised by certified athletic coaches. Subjects will perform brisk walking for four 4-min bouts at 85%-95% maximal heart rate (HRmax) with a 3-min active recovery walk at 50%-70% HRmax between each session. There will be a 5-min warm-up and cool-down in each exercise session. The duration of each exercise session will be 35 minutes. Heart rate will be continuously monitored during training using Polar M300 with OH1 optical heart rate sensor.
Patients receive temozolomide PO QD on days 1-21 and CMV-specific T cell transfer IV over 1-5 minutes on day 22. Patients undergo surgery on day 30 of cycle 1. Treatment repeats every 42 days for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then receive temozolomide PO QD on days 1-21. Treatment repeats every 42 days for up to 12 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.