anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVES: Living donor kidney transplant is the preferred method of renal transplant in Pakistan as deceased donor transplant has not yet been estab-lished. However, many patients who are dialysis-dependent, particularly younger patients, lack suitable living related donors. We aimed to determine factors contributing to nonselection of donors for living related renal transplant in Pakistan.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this cross-sectional study, we included patients seen at the Sindh Institute of Urology & Transplantation Karachi, Pakistan) from March to November 2019. Potential donors were adult family members who accompanied patients with end-stage kidney disease to the clinic. Demographic and clinical information were recorded on predesigned proforma. After workup and baseline investigations had been completed, potential living related donors were selected. Factors leading to nonselection of donors were noted for those who did not qualify for donation. We used SPSS version 20 for analysis.
RESULTS: During the study period, 253 potential donors (151 males, 102 females) with mean age of 35.68 ± 6.14 years were found to be ineligible for kidney donation. ABO incompatibility was the most common factor leading to nonselection (n = 101; 39.92%), followed by diabetes mellitus (n = 71; 28.06%), hypertension (n= 50; 19.76%), renal disease (n = 15; 5.92%), liver disease (n = 8; 3.16%), crossmatch positive (n = 5; 1.97%), and ischemic heart disease (n = 3; 1.18%). No differences were shown between potential male and female donors regarding factors leading to nonselection; diabetes was significantly more prevalent among those <40 years of age (P = .025).
CONCLUSIONS: ABO incompatibility, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were the most common factors leading to nonselection of potential donors in living related kidney transplant. More efforts are needed to expand the donor pool by considering second- or third-degree relatives to tackle the scarcity of organs for transplantation.
A magnesium aluminate hydrate, probably having the formula <FORM:0810816/III/1> is prepared by reaction of an alkali metal aluminate solution and a magnesium salt solution at not above 50 DEG C.  The aluminate solution contains 3-5 mols. of alkali metal oxide per mol. of Al2O3, and the quantities of reactants are such that the atomic ratio Al/Mg=0.9-3, preferably 2.  The product is separated as a precipitate, washed until it contains not more than 0.5 per cent of water-soluble salts and left undried or dried at not above 120 DEG C.  The magnesium salt may be the sulphate, chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate or acetate, Examples of some of these being given. The alkali metal aluminate may be prepared by reacting an aluminium salt (such as a sulphate, chloride, bromide or nitrate, all of which are exemplified) and an alkali metal (e.g. sodium) hydroxide in solution, 6-8 mols. of the latter being employed for every gram atom of aluminium.  It is preferred to add the alkali metal aluminate to the rapidly stirred magnesium salt solution in the form of one or more thin jets to facilitate even distribution; alternatively, both solutions may be introduced in the form of jets into stirred water or previously prepared magnesium aluminate hydrate.  After filtering or centrifuging the solid, which in Example 1 is colloidal and washing, e.g. by decantation, the product may be dried, generally at below 70 DEG  C., under vacuum if desired.  Using short-drying times, a temperature of e.g. 110 DEG  C. may be used (roller drying and spray drying with a 6-15 per cent by weight aqueous suspension at 60-100 DEG  C. are mentioned).  Thereafter, if necessary the product is comminuted in a ball or vibratory mill, e.g. to 0.10-0.12 mm. particle size. The product (which may be used as an antacid, see Group VI) has strong buffering properties for acids, in the pH range of 3-5, details being given in respect of hydrochloric acid.  The pH value of a suspension in water is 9-11.  British Specification 697,231, U.S.  Specification 2,721,861, Swiss Specification 128,889 and German Specifications 70,175, 93,857, 244,211, 466,310, 506,146 and 508,460 are referred to.ALSO:A magnesium aluminate hydrate, suitable for use as an antacid, and probably having the formula <FORM:0810816/VI/1> is prepared by reaction of stated proportions of solutions of a magnesium salt and an alkali metal aluminate (see Group III).  It may be used as a suspension in water, to which if desired other medication, inactive agents or aromatics may be added, or may be dried at not more than 120 DEG  C. and if necessary comminuted, and used as a powder or formed into tablets containing at least 0.39 of the material.  Specification 697,231, [Group III], and U.S.A. Specification 2,721,861 are referred to.
PURPOSE: Individuals with vitamin D (VD) insufficiency have a greater tendency to develop obesity and have increased systemic inflammation. Gut microbiota are involved in the regulation of host inflammation and energy metabolism, which plays a role in the pathogenesis of obesity. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effects of different doses of VD3 on body weight, serum lipids, inflammatory factors, and intestinal barrier function in obese mice and to explore the regulatory effect of VD3 on gut microbiota in obese mice.
METHODS: Male C57BL/6 J mice received a normal chow diet (NCD, 10% fat) or high-fat diet (HFD, 60% fat) to induce obesity within 10 weeks. Then, HFD mice were supplemented with 5650, 8475, or 11,300 IU VD3/kg diet for 8 weeks. Finally, 16 s rRNA analysis was performed to analyze gut microbiota composition in cecal contents. In addition, body weight, serum lipids, inflammatory factors, and intestinal barrier function were analyzed.
RESULTS: VD3 supplementation reduced body weight and the levels of TG, TC, HDL-C, TNF-α, IL-1β and LPS, and increased ZO-1 in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, it increased α-diversity, reduced F/B ratio and altered microbiota composition by increasing relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Desulfovibrio, Dehalobacterium, Odoribacter, and Parabacteroides and reducing relative abundance of Firmicutes and Ruminococcus. There were significant differences between HFD and NCD groups in several metabolic pathways, including endotoxin biosynthesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, lipid synthesis and metabolism, and glycolysis.
CONCLUSIONS: Low, medium, and high doses of VD3 inhibited weight gain, reduced levels of blood lipids and inflammatory factors, and improved endotoxemia and gut barrier function in obese mice. It also increased the α-diversity of gut microbiota in obese mice and reduced the relative abundance of some intestinal pathogenic bacteria, increased the relative abundance of some beneficial bacteria, and corrected the intestinal flora disorder of obese mice, with the low- and high-dose groups showing better effects than the medium-dose group.
Disclosed techniques include multispectral sample analysis using absorption signatures. At least two excitation light wavelengths are provided to a material sample. The sample exhibits absorption characteristics along the Red-Green-Blue (RGB) light wavelength spectrum. Output values of an RGB sensor are measured. The measuring detects the absorption characteristics of the sample. The absorption characteristics are in response to the at least two excitation light wavelengths. A third excitation light wavelength is provided and an additional output value of the RGB sensor is measured. The providing at least two excitation light wavelengths and a third excitation light wavelength enable water identification and biochrome identification. An indication of composition of the material sample is generated. The indication is based on interpreting the output values that were measured. An additional RGB sensor enables stereoscopic sensor imaging.
Novel substituted xanthines having general formula <FORM:1079267/C2/1> <FORM:1079267/C2/2> wherein A is an alkylene group having 3-6 carbon atoms, and B is an alkylene group having 2-5 carbon atoms, A and B may be unbranched or may contain an alkyl substituent, having 1-4 carbon atoms, on the carbon atom adjacent to the carbonyl group, and the keto group is at a distance of 2-5 carbon atoms from the xanthine nucleus, prepared by:-  (a)  Reaction of theophylline or theobromine, at elevated temperature and in alkaline media, with an a ,b -unsaturated methyl ketone, which may be substituted by an alkyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms, at the b position.  (b)  Reaction of a b -dialkylaminoethyl methyl ketone, the alkyl groups of which have 1 or 2 carbon atoms, with theobromine in an aqueous organic solution.  (c)  Reaction of an (o -1) oxyhalide of formula CH3-CO-A-Hal or CH3-CO-B-Hal, in which A and B are as defined above and Hal represents halogen, with an alkali-metal salt of theophyline or theobromine.  (d)  Reaction of an 1(o -haloalkyl)-3,7-di-methyl xanthine or 7-(o -haloalkyl)-1,3-dimethyl xanthine with an alkali metal salt of ethyl acetoacetate, and subjecting the reaction product to ketonic hydrolysis. 2,4-Dinitrophenyl hydrazones of the above xanthines are mentioned. 2-Methyl-3-carbethoxy-dihydropyrane is prepared by condensing a 1,3-dihalopropane with one mol of ethyl acetoacetate and either 2 mols of metallic sodium in absolute ethanol or at least 2 mols of anhydrous potassium carbonate in at least 90% ethanol. 1-Halohexanone-5 is prepared by refluxing 2-methyl-3-carbethoxy-dihydropyrane with at least two mols of hydrogen halide.ALSO:Pharmaceutical compositions having vasodilatory activity, and which may be administered orally or parenterally in the form of capsules, tablets, coated tablets, solutions or suspensions, contain a 1-[(w-1)-oxoalkyl]-3, 7-dimethyl xanthine or a 7-[(w-1)-oxoalkyl]-1,3-dimethylxanthine as the active ingredient in association with a pharmaceutical carrier.  The oxoalkyl dimethylxanthines [which are soluble in water to the extent of 4% or more], considerably improve the water solubility of other pharmaceutically active compounds which are sparingly soluble such as pentacrythritol tetranicotinate, rutine, reserpine, khelline, theobromine, glycerol trinicotinate, 5-phenyl-5-(3\sv -oxobutyl)-barbituric acid, 1-hexyl-3,7-dimethylxanthine ergotamine tartrate, o-phenylacetyl-N-acetyl corynanthine, caffeine, yohimbine, theophylline or an acid addition salt thereof.
The mild hypothermia response (MHR) maintains organismal homeostasis during cold exposure and is thought to be critical for the neuroprotection documented with therapeutic hypothermia. To date, little is known about the transcriptional regulation of the MHR. We utilize a forward CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis screen to identify the histone lysine methyltransferase SMYD5 as a regulator of the MHR. SMYD5 represses the key MHR gene SP1 at euthermia. This repression correlates with temperature-dependent levels of histone H3 lysine 26 trimethylation (H3K36me3) at the SP1 locus and globally, indicating that the mammalian MHR is regulated at the level of histone modifications. We have identified 37 additional SMYD5-regulated temperature-dependent genes, suggesting a broader MHR-related role for SMYD5. Our study provides an example of how histone modifications integrate environmental cues into the genetic circuitry of mammalian cells and provides insights that may yield therapeutic avenues for neuroprotection after catastrophic events.
FIELD: veterinary science. ^ SUBSTANCE: method of reducing Desulfovibrio and/or Helicobacter spp. count in gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of a domestic animal involves oral introduction to said animal of a fibre chosen from the group consisting of oligosaccharide, galactan, beta-glucan and mixtures thereof that reduces Desulfovibrio and-or Helicobacter spp. count. The method of treating GIT inflammation in the domestic animal with increased Desulfovibrio level in GIT involves oral introduction of effective amount of the fibre reducing Desulfovibrio count in GIT. Said fibre is chosen from the group consisting of oligosaccharide, galactan, beta-glucan and mixtures thereof. The method of reducing smell chosen from the group, consisting of smell of intestinal gas, smell of excrements and any mixture thereof in the domestic animal with increased Desulfovibrio level involves oral introduction of effective amount of the fibre reducing Desulfovibrio count in GIT, and the fibre is chosen from the group consisting of oligosaccharide, galactan, beta-glucan and mixtures thereof. ^ EFFECT: improved state of gastrointestinal tract in domestic animals. ^ 9 cl, 2 tbl, 3 ex
Participants will initiate entecavir 0.5 mg/day orally one week before biologic treatment. Entecavir treatment will be continued normally for 12 months (6 months after stopping biologic therapy or till restart another course of biologic treatment if the clinicians' judgment is minimal risk of reactivation after the first course of biologic agent treatment).
Potential health benefits of an acute fast include reductions in blood pressure and increases in vagal cardiac control. These purported health benefits could put fasted humans at risk for cardiovascular collapse when exposed to central hypovolemia. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that an acute 24-h fast (vs. 3-h postprandial) would reduce tolerance to central hypovolemia induced via lower body negative pressure (LBNP). We measured blood ketones (β-OHB) to confirm a successful fast (n = 18). We recorded the electrocardiogram (ECG), beat-to-beat arterial pressure, muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA; n = 7), middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAv), and forearm blood flow. Following a 5-min baseline, LBNP was increased by 15 mmHg until -60 mmHg and then increased by 10 mmHg in a stepwise manner until onset of presyncope. Each LBNP stage lasted 5-min. Data are expressed as means ± SE β-OHB increased (β-OHB; 0.12 ± 0.04 fed vs. 0.47 ± 0.11, P < 0.01 mmol/L fast). Tolerance to central hypovolemia was decreased by ∼10% in the fasted condition measured via total duration of negative pressure (1,370 [Formula: see text] 89 fed vs. 1,229 ± 94 s fast, P = 0.04), and was negatively associated with fasting blood ketones (R = -0.542, P = 0.02). During LBNP, heart rate and MSNA increased similarly, but in the fasted condition forearm vascular resistance was significantly reduced. Our results suggest that acute fasting reduces tolerance to central hypovolemia by blunting increases in peripheral resistance, indicating that prolonged fasting may hinder an individual's ability to compensate to a loss of blood volume.NEW & NOTEWORTHY An acute 24 h fasting reduces tolerance to central hypovolemia, and tolerance is negatively associated with blood ketone levels. Compared with a fed condition (3-h postprandial), fasted participants exhibited blunted peripheral vasoconstriction and greater reductions in stroke volume during stepwise lower body negative pressure. These findings suggest that a prolonged fast may lead to quicker decompensation during central hypovolemia.
PURPOSE: A hair-coloring composition containing color permeation adjuvant is provided, which can permeate into the cortex of hair to effectively inhibit the fading of hair color. CONSTITUTION: The hair-coloring composition using oxidation tints contains 1 to 10.0% of the extract of oat protein as color permeation adjuvant, 2.0 to 25% of lipid alcohol, 0.5 to 20.0% of surfactant, 0.1 to 10.0% of oxidation tint intermediates and purified water. Wherein, the oat protein extract comprises oat extract, oat flour, oatmeal extract, oat protein and oat starch. The hair-coloring composition is produced by the steps of: melting lipid alcohol and surfactant at 75 to 85 deg. C; dissolving the oxidation tint intermediates in purified water; mixing and cooling to 50 to 60 deg. C; and adding oat protein extract into the mixture.
BACKGROUND: Several abdominal obesity indices including waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) were considered effective and useful predictive markers for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in general populations or diabetic populations. However, studies investigating the associations between these indices among postmenopausal women are limited. Our study aimed to investigate the associations of the five indices with incident CVD and compare the predictive performance of CVAI with other abdominal obesity indices among postmenopausal women.
METHODS: A total of 1252 postmenopausal women without CVD at baseline were analyzed in our investigation based on a 10-year follow-up prospective cohort study. Link of each abdominal obesity index with CVD were assessed by the Cox regression analysis and the Kaplan-Meier curve. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to compare the predictive ability for CVD.
RESULTS: During the median follow-up of 120.53 months, 121 participants newly developed CVD. Compared to quartile 1 of LAP and CVAI, quartile 4 had increased risk to develop CVD after fully adjusted among postmenopausal women. When WC, VAI and CVAI considered as continuous variables, significant increased hazard ratios (HRs) for developing CVD were observed. The areas under the curve (AUC) of CVAI (0.632) was greatly higher than other indices (WC: 0.580, WHR: 0.538, LAP: 0.573, VAI: 0.540 respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that the abdominal obesity indices were associated with the risk of CVD excluded WHR and highlighted that CVAI might be the most valuable abdominal obesity indicator for identifying the high risk of CVD in Chinese postmenopausal women.
Venous thromboembolic (VTE) events are common in the nephrotic syndrome (NS) occurring in up to 30% of patients when systematically screened. The investigator proposes to explore a novel mechanism for the increased clot formation in NS. To date, the only consistently identified underlying risk factor for VTEs is severe hypoalbuminemia related to the NS. The underlying pathophysiology related to VTE in NS remains poorly understood and has previously been ascribed to dysregulation of pro- and anticoagulant clotting factors due to urinary protein losses and reflected by the low serum albumin. However, the direct evidence for this mechanism is inconsistent and relatively poor. Another feature of NS is that of severe hyperlipidemia which also correlates with hypoalbuminemia. In other severely hyperlipidemic states (e.g. Familial Hypercholesterolemia), the level of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is markedly elevated. Forms of oxidized LDL interact with monocytes and macrophages leading to expression of Tissue Factor (TF), a procoagulant molecule. Furthermore, monocytes and macrophages activated in this fashion also release microparticles, small cell-membrane derived vesicles, that also express TF and participate in initiating intravascular clot formation. the investigator hypothesizes that the hyperlipidemia of the nephrotic syndrome leads to elevations in oxidized LDL and in turn, elevations in microparticle Tissue Factor (MP-TF) and its activity. The investigator also hypothesizes that serum albumin levels will inversely correlate with hyperlipidemia as well as oxLDL levels and MP-TF activity. Here, the investigator will study the effect of treatment with HMGCoA reductase inhibitors (statins) on ox LDL and MP-TF activity patients with NS.
Stage 2 is a single arm design. Test platelets from 24 healthy subjects, stored for 7 days, will be prepared for radiolabeling following the Variant 1 methodology. The recovery and survival for Test platelets will be compared against the fresh platelet Control. Stage 1 subjects with evaluable Variant 1 method data will contribute to the requirement of the 24 subjects for Stage 2.
This preparation is designed solely for parenteral use only after addition of drugs that require dilution or must be dissolved in an aqueous vehicle prior to injection.

0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, isotonic solution of sodium chloride and water for injection. Each mL contains sodium chloride 9 mg. It contains no bacteriostat, antimicrobial agent or added buffer and is supplied only in single-dose containers to dilute or dissolve drugs for injection. 0.308 mOsmol/mL (calc.). 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP contains no preservatives. The solution may contain hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide for pH adjustment. pH 5.3 (4.5 to 7.0).

Sodium Chloride, USP is chemically designated NaCl, a white crystalline compound freely soluble in water.

The glass container is a Type I borosilicate glass and meets the requirements of the powdered glass test according to the USP standards.
Participants will be administered 0.5 mL of Ad26.ZEBOV vaccine (5\*10\^10 viral particles \[vp\]) on Day 1 by intramuscular (IM) injection followed by 0.5 mL of MVA-BN-Filo (1\*10\^8 infectious units \[Inf U\]) vaccine by IM injection on Day 57. Participants will also receive a dose of MenACWY at the 6-months post-dose-2 visit. Upon completion of the main study, participants in the extension phase who were originally randomized to the control arm will receive the same vaccine regimen as the participants in the Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo arm of the main study.
The invention discloses an augmented reality display system for use during a surgical procedure. The system includes an imaging device for capturing a true image of a surgical field during the surgical procedure. The augmented reality display presents functional overlay data associated with critical operations of the surgical instrument being actively visualized and interactions of the surgical instrument with tissue in the surgical region. The functional data is superimposed onto the real image of the surgical field. The functional data overlay is a combination of aspects of the critical operation of the surgical instrument and the interaction of the surgical instrument with the tissue in the surgical field. A processor receives functional data from the surgical instrument, determines overlay data related to functional aspects of the surgical instrument, and combines aspects of the tissue in the surgical field with the functional data received from the surgical instrument.
PURPOSE: A pharmaceutical composition containing escitalopram is provided to prevent neural cell damage in a CA1 area and to prevent or treat ischemic brain diseases. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating ischemic a brain disease contains escitalopram. Ischemic brain disease is thrombosis, embolism, transient ischemic attack, cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, white matter dyslipidemia, or lacune. The administering of escitalopram prevents or treats ischemic brain diseases. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating brain disease contains escitalopram and a pharmaceologically acceptable carrier or excipient. The pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient is water, dextrin, or a saline solution. The composition is used in the form of plasters, granules, lotions, powders, syrups, liquids and solutions, aerosols, ointments, fluid extract, emulsion, suspensions, infusions, tablets, injections, capsules, or pills.