anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A computer ( 110 )-implemented method for reading an imaging scan ( 410 ) includes accessing the imaging scan ( 410 ). The imaging scan ( 410 ) includes a stack of radiological images. The method also includes generating a plurality of two-dimensional images from cross-sectional data of the imaging scan ( 410 ). The plurality of two-dimensional images include projected information from the stack of radiological images. The projected information includes either a full imaged volume or an automatically-selected sub-volume and either a full range of image intensities or an automatically-selected sub-range of image intensities. The method further includes displaying the generated plurality of two-dimensional images or a subset thereof in a user interface (UI) of an advanced interpretation environment ( 380 ). The user interface provides access to the stack of radiological images or additional information derived from the stack of radiological images, by enabling interaction with the generated plurality of two-dimensional images.
This invention relates to a solvent system for enhancing the solubility of an acidic, basic, or amphoteric pharmaceutical agent to produce a highly concentrated solution suitable for softgel filling or two piece encapsulation. The solvent system comprises polyethylene glycol containing 0.2-1.0 mole equivalents of an ionizing agent per mole equivalent pharmaceutical agent and 1-20% water. Glycerin or polyvinylpyrrolidone may be added to further enhance the solubility of certain drugs. The disclosed solvent system is capable of enhancing solubilities of pharmaceutical agents 40-400%. The ionizing agent functions by causing partial ionization (neutralization) of the free pharmaceutical agent. When the pharmaceutical agent is acidic, the ionizing agent is preferably a hydroxide ion species, whereas when the pharmaceutical agent is basic, the ionizing agent is preferably a hydrogen ion species. For amphoteric pharmaceutical agents, either hydroxide ion or hydrogen ion sources may be utilized to effect partial ionization. The disclosed solvent system is useful because it not only provides for the enhancement or improvement of bioavailability of acidic, basic and amphoteric pharmaceutical agents by delivering them already in solution, but it also provides for a highly concentrated solution capable of encapsulation in a small enough vessel to permit easy swallowing. The highly concentrated solid solutions of the present invention are also useful for conversion into tablets and as veterinary spot and pour on preparations.
Single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetic properties in adults with chronic hepatitis C are summarized in TABLE 1. Ribavirin was rapidly and extensively absorbed following oral administration. However, due to first-pass metabolism, the absolute bioavailability averaged 64% (44%). There was a linear relationship between dose and AUCtf  (AUC from time zero to last measurable concentration) following single doses of 200 to 1200 mg ribavirin. The relationship between dose and Cmax was curvilinear, tending to asymptote above single doses of 400 to 600 mg.

Upon multiple oral dosing, based on AUC12hr, a sixfold accumulation of ribavirin was observed in plasma. Following oral dosing with 600 mg BID, steady-state was reached by approximately 4 weeks, with mean steady-state plasma concentrations of 2200 (37%) ng/mL. Upon discontinuation of dosing, the mean half-life was 298 (30%) hours, which probably reflects slow elimination from nonplasma compartments.
Patients receive cytarabine IV over 2 hours BID on days 2-3, methotrexate IV over 2-22 hours on day 1, methylprednisolone sodium succinate IV BID on days 1-3, leucovorin calcium IV every 6 hours until methotrexate level is \< 0.05 uM and rituximab IV on days 1 and 8. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 4 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Based on the results of the kinase inhibitor assay (In Vitro Kinase Inhibitor Assay), patients receive either sorafenib tosylate PO BID, sunitinib malate PO daily, dasatinib PO daily, ponatinib hydrochloride PO daily, ruxolitinib phosphate or idelalisib PO BID on days 8-28 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The invention discloses medicinal material feedstuff used for the forest female musk deer. The feedstuff is made of Chinese angelica, carthamus tinctorius, herba leonuri and lysimachia paridiformis Franch. After the female musk deer are fed with the medicinal material feedstuff near the time of labor, the rate of death caused difficult labor of the female musk deer can be obviously decreased, and the survival rate of young musk deer is increased. The invention further provides a feeding method of the medicinal material feedstuff. According to the feeding method, the female musk deer are fed with the non-pharmacological pre-feeding medicinal material feedstuff at 3-5 days before the labor of the female musk deer, wherein the non-pharmacological pre-feeding medicinal material feedstuff is made of Chinese angelica, carthamus tinctorius, herba leonuri and lysimachia paridiformis Franch. In this way, the female musk deer are gradually adaptive to the coarse and dry feedstuff, the female musk deer are fed with the medicinal material feedstuff at 6 hours-10 hours before the labor of the female musk deer, the female deer can be smoothly fed with the feedstuff, then the rate of death caused by difficult labor of the female musk deer is obviously decreased, and the survival rate of the young musk deer is increased.
It has been reported that Ywhah (14-3-3η) reduces glycolysis. However, it remains unclear about the downstream mechanism by which glycolysis is regulated by 14-3-3η in cardiac hypertrophy. As an important regulator, Yes-associated protein (YAP) interacts with 14-3-3η to participate in the initiation and progression of various diseases in vivo. In this study, the model of H9C2 cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was established by triiodothyronine (T3) or rotenone stimulation to probe into the action mechanism of 14-3-3η. Interestingly, the overexpression of 14-3-3η attenuated T3 or rotenone induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and decreased glycolysis in H9C2 cardiomyocytes, whereas the knockdown of 14-3-3η had an opposite effect. Mechanistically, 14-3-3η can reduce the expression level of YAP and bind to it to reduce its nuclear translocation. In addition, changing YAP may affect the expression of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), a glycolysis-related protein. Meanwhile, LDHA is also a possible target for 14-3-3η to mediate glycolysis based on changes in pyruvate, a substrate of LDHA. Collectively, 14-3-3η can suppress cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via decreasing the nucleus translocation of YAP and glycolysis, which indicates that 14-3-3η could be a promising target for inhibiting cardiac hypertrophy.
Although anxiety is known to be a disorder that is much more relevant for adults, it is seen at a frequency of approximately 6.5% in the childhood and adolescence. Anxiety is usually examined in two different forms, state anxiety and trait anxiety. A total of 180 pediatric patients who underwent GIS endoscopy in our hospital were included in our study. Demographic data (age, gender, height, weight, educational status, school and grade), additional diseases and diagnoses were recorded. Our aim was to evaluate the anxiety and trait anxiety levels of adolescents scheduled for gastrointestinal system (GIS) endoscopy under sedation, after being admitted as a single-day inpatient and before the procedure. A form evaluating state and trait anxiety levels (Spielberger's state and trait anxiety scale) and another form consisting of demographic data were given to the patients. We requested that the forms be filled by the children themselves. After monitoring in the endoscopy unit, sedation was applied with IV anesthetic drugs routinely.Oxygenation was provided with nasal O2 in all patients. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were monitored. Also complications (bradycardia, tachycardia, arrhythmia, hypotension, hypertension, bronchospasm, decrease in SpO2, apnea) were recorded.
After the pterygium removal surgery, to restore the eye, participants need to undergo a corneal limbal stem cell transplant. The transplanted stem cells should be the same size as the exposed scleral surface above the temporal part of the eye. When transferring the transplant, ensured that the corneal edge of the grafted conjunctival flap was positioned opposite to the cornea. Closed the flap to the peripheral conjunctiva with 3-7 interrupted sutures using 10-0 nylon thread. Fixed the conjunctival flap to the surrounding conjunctiva with sutures, and covered the sclera with the surrounding bulbar conjunctiva.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves applying total intravenous anesthesia. Preliminary narcosis is composed of intravenous injections of Midazolam at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg, Propophol at a dose of 2 mg/kg, Fentanyl at a dose of 0.003 mg/kg and then atracurium besilate is administered at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg and bronchus intubation is separately carried out on the side the surgical intervention takes place. High frequency artificial ventilation is administered via catheter with given parameters. Traditional artificial ventilation is administered in contralateral lung under positive pressure at the exhalation end. To support anesthesia level, Propophol is infused at a dose of 0.07 mg/kg/min, Fentanyl at a dose of 0.002-0.0035 mg/kg/h and atracurium besilate at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg/h. Ketoprophen is intramuscularly administered 10 min before the end of surgical intervention and in postoperative period. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of anesthesia control.
The primary goal of this project is to evaluate the effect of the cholesterol lowering drug Atorvastatin on the composition and character of coronary atherosclerosis (heart blockages). Atorvastatin is known to reduce cholesterol, reduce cardiac events, and halt the progression of coronary atherosclerosis. However, the reduction in cardiac events is out of proportion to the reductions in the total amount of atherosclerosis. Thus, the drug likely decreases cardiac events by changing the composition of the coronary atherosclerotic plaques. It is likely that the drug causes the "heart blockage" to change from a "vulnerable plaque" to a "stable" plaque. There are several features of "vulnerable plaques" that can be detected in arteries of the heart using intravascular ultrasound. The goal of this project is to examine the effects of atorvastatin on atherosclerosis plaque composition using this intravascular ultrasound in patients undergoing serial cardiac catheterizations. Our hypothesis is that atorvastatin will reduce the number of "vulnerable plaques" and increase the number of "stable plaques" seen by intravascular ultrasound. We plan to enroll a total of 20 patients. The patients will be evaluated by cardiac catheterization with intravascular ultrasound analysis and then be treated with atorvastatin for 6 months. These 20 patients will return to the cardiac catheterization laboratory 6 months later for a repeat catheterization with intravascular ultrasound evaluation.

The secondary goal of this proposal is to evaluate in humans the relationship between coronary atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in the arteries of the heart) and wall shear stress (the force generated against the wall of the artery by the flow of blood). The reason for this sub-study is that there is great interest in understanding the characteristics that cause the progression of coronary atherosclerosis. Local forces such as shear stress may play an important role in the focal progression of "vulnerable" atherosclerotic plaques. Indeed, low shear stress is known to be an important factor in the early formation of atherosclerosis. However, the relationship of low shear stress to development and progression of advanced "rupture prone" ("vulnerable") plaques has not been elucidated. Our hypotheses are: (1) "Vulnerable plaques" are more commonly located at areas of low shear stress(2) "Vulnerable plaques" at areas of low shear stress are more likely to progress over the following 6 months than plaques located in normal shear stress regions.
OBJECTIVES: Genetic variation has been a major contributor to interindividual variability of warfarin dosage requirement. The specific genetic factors contributing to warfarin bleeding complications are largely unknown, particularly in Chinese patients. In this study, 896 Chinese patients were enrolled to explore the effect of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genetic variations on both the efficacy and safety of warfarin therapy.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Univariate analyses unveiled significant associations between two specific single nucleotide polymorphisms rs1057910 in CYP2C9 and rs9923231 in VKORC1 and stable warfarin dosage ( P  < 0.001). Further, employing multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex and height, the investigation revealed that patients harboring at least one variant allele in CYP2C9 exhibited a heightened risk of bleeding events compared to those with the wild-type genotype (odds ratio = 2.16, P  = 0.04). Moreover, a meta-analysis conducted to consolidate findings confirmed the associations of both CYP2C9 (rs1057910) and VKORC1 (rs9923231) with stable warfarin dosage. Notably, CYP2C9 variant genotypes were significantly linked to an increased risk of hemorrhagic complications ( P  < 0.00001), VKORC1 did not demonstrate a similar association.
CONCLUSION: The associations found between specific genetic variants and both stable warfarin dosage and bleeding risk might be the potential significance of gene detection in optimizing warfarin therapy for improving patient efficacy and safety.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cell-selective anticancer agent containing nitidine as a component by newly discovering characteristics of a cancer cell of a target of the anticancer activity of the nitidine and using the obtained finding; to provide a medicament enhancing the sensitivity of the anticancer agent; and to provide a method for examining the sensitivity of the anticancer agent.  <P>SOLUTION: An remarkable cytotoxic activity is found in a low ABCA1-expression cell strain as a result that a cytotoxicity-evaluating test by the nitidine is carried out by using various kinds of cancer cells. The medicament using the nitidine as the active ingredient is useful as the anticancer agent selective to an ABCA1 expression-reduced cell. The ABCA1 expression inhibitor is useful as a medicament for enhancing the sensitivity of the anticancer agent, and usable as a new anticancer agent by the combination with the anticancer agent. When the expression level is reduced in the measurement of the expression level of the ABCA1 gene in a test cancer cell, the test cancer cell is judged as an anticancer agent-sensitive cancer cell.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Intraoperative blood loss is significantly associated with clinical outcomes of patients undergoing hepatectomy. There have been various hepatic vascular control techniques, including infrahepatic inferior vena cava clamping (IIVCC) and selective hepatic vascular exclusion (SHVE).The propose of this study is to compare these two surgical techniques combined with the portal triad clamping (PTC) in hepatic cirrhotic patients. All patients being performed hepatectomy at the center are scanned according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. After intraoperative exploration, patients are randomized into two interventional groups. PTC, IIVCC or SHVE is performed at the specified timepoint in liver parenchymal transection in two different groups. All data are collected prospectively.
We have discovered a gene expression profile derived from primary uveal melanomas that accurately predicts which patients will develop metastasis. Tumors with a class 1 gene expression signature have a very low risk, and those with a class 2 signature have a high risk of metastasis. The molecular test was initially performed on tissue obtained from enucleated eyes using commercial microarray platforms. We are now able to perform the molecular test on fine needle biopsy specimens, and we have developed a customized test that has greater dynamic range and sensitivity than commercial microarray platforms. The goal of this study is to validate the prognostic accuracy of the customized platform by performing the molecular test on primary uveal melanomas obtained from enucleation, local tumor resection or fine needle biopsy. Each sample will be diagnosed as either class 1, class 2 or indeterminate. Outcomes will be collected and the ability of the molecular diagnosis to predict metastasis will be evaluated at regular intervals.
The present invention relates to a novel human gene that is differentially expressed in human carcinoma. More specifically, the present invention relates to a polynucleotide encoding a novel human polypeptide named C35 that is overexpressed in human breast and bladder carcinoma. This invention also relates to C35 polypeptide, in particular C35 peptide epitopes and C35 peptide epitope analogs, as well as vectors, host cells, antibodies directed to C35 polypeptides, and the recombinant methods for producing the same. The present invention further relates to diagnostic methods for detecting carcinomas, including human breast carcinomas. The present invention further relates to the formulation and use of the C35 gene and polypeptides, in particular C35 peptide epitopes and C35 peptide epitope analogs, in immunogenic compositions or vaccines, to induce antibody or cell-mediated immunity against target cells, such as tumor cells, that express the C35 gene. The invention further relates to screening methods for identifying agonists and antagonists of C35 activity.
Helicobacter pylori (HP) antigens have been found in the liver of individuals with benign and malignant liver diseases. The role of HP in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is controversial.

This randomized double blind clinical trial was performed in diabetic dyspeptic patients with positive antibody to HP and the evidence of fatty liver in ultrasonography. After excluding other causes, participants with persistent elevated serum aminotransferase levels were presumed to have NAFLD. Those with NAFLD liver fat score greater than (-0.64) and positive urea breath test (UBT) were enrolled. They were randomly assigned to lifestyle modification alone or lifestyle modification plus HP eradication groups. Quadruple therapy (omeprazole, amoxicillin, bismuth subcitrate, and clarithromycin) for HP eradication was performed in two weeks. HP eradication was documented by UBT. Liver fat content, fasting serum glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride, cholesterol, high and low-density lipoprotein, HOMA-IR, and anthropometric measurements (body mass index and waist circumference) were checked at baseline and six weeks post-treatment.
BACKGROUND: Biomarkers have potential to identify early signs of joint disease. This study compared joint pain and function in adolescents and young adults with cerebral palsy compared with individuals without.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study compared individuals with cerebral palsy ( n = 20), aged 13-30 yrs with Gross Motor Function Classification System I-III and age-matched individuals without cerebral palsy ( n = 20). Knee and hip joint pain measured using Numeric Pain Rating Scale and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and Hip dysfunction and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score surveys. Objective strength and function were also measured. Biomarkers for tissue turnover (serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, urinary C-terminal crosslinked telopeptide of type II collagen) and cartilage degradation (serum matrix metalloproteinase 1, matrix metalloproteinase 3) were measured in blood and urinary samples.
FINDINGS: Individuals with cerebral palsy had increased knee and hip joint pain, reduced leg strength, reduced walking and standing speeds, and ability to carry out activities of daily living ( P < 0.005) compared with controls. They also had higher serum matrix metalloproteinase 1 ( P < 0.001) and urinary C-terminal crosslinked telopeptide of type II collagen levels ( P < 0.05). Individuals with cerebral palsy who were Gross Motor Function Classification System I and II demonstrated reduced hip joint pain ( P = 0.02) and higher matrix metalloproteinase 1 levels ( P = 0.02) compared with Gross Motor Function Classification System III.
INTERPRETATION: Individuals with cerebral palsy with less severe mobility deficits had higher matrix metalloproteinase 1 levels likely due to more prolonged exposure to abnormal joint loading forces but experienced less joint pain.
Carbamazepine has demonstrated anticonvulsant properties in rats and mice with electrically and chemically induced seizures. It appears to act by reducing polysynaptic responses and blocking the post-tetanic potentiation. Carbamazepine greatly reduces or abolishes pain induced by stimulation of the infraorbital nerve in cats and rats. It depresses thalamic potential and bulbar and polysynaptic reflexes, including the linguomandibular reflex in cats. Carbamazepine is chemically unrelated to other anticonvulsants or other drugs used to control the pain of trigeminal neuralgia. The mechanism of action remains unknown.   
  
The principal metabolite of carbamazepine, carbamazepine-10, 11-epoxide, has anticonvulsant activity as demonstrated in several in vivo animal models of seizures. Though clinical activity for the epoxide has been postulated, the significance of its activity with respect to the safety and efficacy of carbamazepine has not been established.
PURPOSE:To obtain a cosmetic, containing a water-soluble extract having excellent blending property for cosmetics, drinks and health foods, by decomposing a fruit body of Ganoderma lucidum Karst. crushed while heating under a high pressure as a raw material with cellulase. CONSTITUTION:A cosmetic obtained by crushing a dried fruit body of Ganoderma lucidum Karst. under a high pressure while heating, powdering the crushed fruit body, adding purified water thereto, digesting and extracting the powder at 80 deg.C for 2-5hr, cooling the mixture, filtering the mixture, separating the mixture into a filtrate and residue, allowing the filtrate to stand in a cold dark place and refiltering the resultant filtrate to provide a filtrate as a crude liquid. The crude liquid can be directly used as a cosmetic, hairdressing, drink, etc., may be blended in a recipe or converted into the form of concentrate, powder, paste, etc., for use in a formula. Water is added to the residue and heat treatment is carried out. After cooling, pH is adjusted to about 5.0 and an enzyme (cellulase) is then reacted to provide a filtrate, which is used in the same manner as in the above-mentioned crude liquid. A water soluble extract having stability is obtained in a large amount by applying the afore-mentioned pretreatment.