anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Ulnar nerve neuropathies are the second most common entrapment neuropathy of the upper extremities after carpal tunnel syndrome. Cubital tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition that involves pressure or stretching of the ulnar nerve also known as the "funny bone" nerve, which could cause numbness or tingling in the ring and tiny fingers, pain in the forearm, and hand weakness. The ulnar nerve runs in a groove on the inner side of the elbow. Conservative treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome is recommended for patients with mild and moderate symptoms and without changes in cutaneous sensation or muscle atrophy. In addition, a wide variety of conservative approaches including corticosteroid injections as a minimally invasive technique and splinting and bracing failure were recommended for CTS depending on its severity. Manual therapy techniques are part of the physical therapy treatment of CTS, which are classified into two groups including nerve mobilization and mechanical interface mobilization. The aim of the study was to find which manual therapy method-technique directed to mechanical interface and nerve mobilization-has superior beneficial effects on clinical and electrophysiological findings in the conservative management of patients with CTS. Ninety patients with post-cubital syndrome will be allocated randomly to three groups; the first experimental one will receive mechanical interference, the second experimental will receive neural mobilization and the third one will receive conventional treatment for four weeks.
For the treatment of metastatic testicular tumors or advanced bladder cancer, clinical studies of cisplatin injection did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. In four clinical trials of combination chemotherapy for advanced ovarian carcinoma, 1,484 patients received cisplatin either in combination with cyclophosphamide or with paclitaxel. Of these, 426 (29%) were older than 65 years. In these trials, age was not found to be a prognostic factor for survival. However, in a later secondary analysis for one of these trials, geriatric patients were found to have shorter survival compared with younger patients.

In all four trials, geriatric patients experienced more severe neutropenia than did younger patients. Higher incidences of severe thrombocytopenia and leukopenia were also seen in geriatric patients compared with younger patients, although not in all cisplatin-containing treatment arms. In the two trials where nonhematologic toxicity was evaluated according to age, geriatric patients had a numerically higher incidence of peripheral neuropathy than did younger patients. Other reported clinical experience suggests that geriatric patients may be more susceptible to nephrotoxicity, myelosuppression, and infectious complications than are younger patients [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1, 5.2, 5.4)]. 

Cisplatin is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and renal function should be monitored.
Seizure occurred in patients receiving ERLEADA. Permanently discontinue ERLEADA in patients who develop a seizure during treatment. It is unknown whether anti-epileptic medications will prevent seizures with ERLEADA. Advise patients of the risk of developing a seizure while receiving ERLEADA and of engaging in any activity where sudden loss of consciousness could cause harm to themselves or others.

In two randomized studies (SPARTAN and TITAN), five patients (0.4%) treated with ERLEADA and one patient treated with placebo (0.1%) experienced a seizure. Seizure occurred from 159 to 650 days after initiation of ERLEADA. Patients with a history of seizure, predisposing factors for seizure, or receiving drugs known to decrease the seizure threshold or to induce seizure were excluded. There is no clinical experience in re-administering ERLEADA to patients who experienced a seizure.
In this study, we report paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) and cotton wool spots (CWS) in a patient with ocular migraine. A 74-year-old man presented with persistent paracentral scotoma in the right eye that began a week prior. His visual acuity was 20/25 in the right eye and 20/40 in the left. Dilated fundoscopy revealed CWS in the right eye. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) showed hyper-reflective bands in the inner nuclear layer corresponding to parafoveal lesions seen on near-infrared imaging in the right eye consistent with the diagnosis of PAMM. Further laboratory studies were unremarkable, and a transthoracic echocardiogram and a carotid ultrasound were unrevealing. The patient was started on brimonidine three times daily in both eyes. The patient reported subjective improvement in the paracentral scotoma and the absence of ocular migraine symptoms at two-month follow-up. We conclude from this case that PAMM and CWS can occur simultaneously in ocular migraine, and we suggest that retinal vascular changes associated with ocular migraine may contribute to ischemia underlying both entities. Additionally, we suggest a potential therapy in brimonidine due to its proposed beneficial effects on retinal vasculature and neuroprotection.
PURPOSE:To obtain an ovulatory agent, by adding ethyl acetate to bran of adlay, extracting a fat or oil fraction, recovering ferulic acid derivative of stanol, and incorporating the resultant derivative as an active constituent in the agent. CONSTITUTION:An ovulatory agent obtained by adding 3-5pts.wt. ethyl acetate to 1 pts.wt. bran of adlay, extracting a fat or oil fraction, removing impurities, adding 3-5pts.wt. ethanol to 1pts.wt. residue, extracting the residue, removing insoluble matter, distilling away the ethanol from the ethanol-soluble fraction to give an ethanol extract fraction, adding 3-5pts.wt. ethyl acetate to 1pts.wt. resultant fraction, extracting the fraction to give ethyl acetate-soluble fat or oil fraction, removing ethyl acetate from a mixture of the above-mentioned ethyl acetate fat or oil fraction with the ethanol extract-ethyl acetate fat oil fraction with the ethanol extract-ethyl acetate- soluble fraction, feeding the resultant fraction to a column packed with silica gel, carrying out the gradient elution with n-hexane-ethyl acetate, collecting fractions eluting with a solvent of the n-hexane and ethyl acetate at 30:1-10:1 mixing ratio, mixing the resultant fractions, and distilling away the solvent to give the aimed com pound, expressed by the formula (R is methyl or ethyl), and having the ovulatory action. The dose thereof is 40-80mg/time for oral administration.
Mother/child dyads will be enrolled at child age 0-3 months and mothers will immediately begin consuming a packet of Plumpy'Mum (or similar protein food product) daily. Plumpy'Mum will be provided by the study team to the mother, who will consume this however she desires (i.e., alone or with other food). Intervention will continue for 3 months. The rational is that Plumpy'Mum consumption will improve the quality of the breast milk the child is consuming, contributing to improved growth over time. Growth will be compared to historical controls from prior studies in the area.
PURPOSE: To obtain a medicine contg. azamitosene and iminoazamitosene and having remarkable activity against neoplastic diseases. CONSTITUTION: This medicine consists of an antitumorigenic amt. of compds. selected from among compds. represented by formula I (where each of R and Z is a group represented by formula II), e.g. azamitosene such as 6-(N- aziridinyl)-7-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]benzimidazol-5,8-dio ne-3-acetate and compds. represented by formula III (where Z is H or a group represented by formula IV), e.g. ininoazamitosene such as syn/anit-6-acetamido-5-imino-7- methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]benzimidazol-8-one and a medicinally allowavle carrier. This medicine has remarkable activity against neoplastic diseases such as ovarian cancer, large bowel cancer and myeloma.
BACKGROUND: Empagliflozin improves cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure, patients with type 2 diabetes who are at high cardiovascular risk, and patients with chronic kidney disease. The safety and efficacy of empagliflozin in patients who have had acute myocardial infarction are unknown.
METHODS: In this event-driven, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, we assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, patients who had been hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction and were at risk for heart failure to receive empagliflozin at a dose of 10 mg daily or placebo in addition to standard care within 14 days after admission. The primary end point was a composite of hospitalization for heart failure or death from any cause as assessed in a time-to-first-event analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 3260 patients were assigned to receive empagliflozin and 3262 to receive placebo. During a median follow-up of 17.9 months, a first hospitalization for heart failure or death from any cause occurred in 267 patients (8.2%) in the empagliflozin group and in 298 patients (9.1%) in the placebo group, with incidence rates of 5.9 and 6.6 events, respectively, per 100 patient-years (hazard ratio, 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.76 to 1.06; P = 0.21). With respect to the individual components of the primary end point, a first hospitalization for heart failure occurred in 118 patients (3.6%) in the empagliflozin group and in 153 patients (4.7%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.98), and death from any cause occurred in 169 (5.2%) and 178 (5.5%), respectively (hazard ratio, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.78 to 1.19). Adverse events were consistent with the known safety profile of empagliflozin and were similar in the two trial groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Among patients at increased risk for heart failure after acute myocardial infarction, treatment with empagliflozin did not lead to a significantly lower risk of a first hospitalization for heart failure or death from any cause than placebo. (Funded by Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly; EMPACT-MI ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04509674.).
Climacteric bananas are susceptible to endogenous ethylene and temperature, resulting in dehydration, accelerated senescence and deterioration. The widely-used plastic cling films is particularly complicated due to their high consumption and non-degradability. Herein, this study proposed to fabricate a carboxymethyl cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol/pyrazoic acid (CPP) hydrogel for postharvest banana preservation. The hydrogel demonstrated excellent potential as a packaging film, including natural degradability (complete degradation within 50 days), high tensile performance, transparent visibility and biosafety. As a validation experiment, bananas in a 30 °C environment confirmed the effectiveness of CPP hydrogels in banana postharvest preservation. Compared with the blank control and CP hydrogel, CPP packaging film delayed the processes of browning, dehydration, softening, nutrients loss, ripening and senescence in bananas, thereby maintaining their commercial value. Accordingly, this study demonstrates the potential of hydrogel materials as an alternative strategy to climacteric fruit preservation and plastic film.
Biliary complications are common after liver transplantation (LT). Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the preferred method to treat biliary complications. Nevertheless, ERCP is not without complications and may have a greater complication rate in the LT population. Knowledge of the prevalence, severity, and possible risk factors for post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) in LT recipients is limited. Therefore, this study aims to determine the incidence and severity of PEP and identify potential risk factors in LT recipients. This retrospective cohort included patients ≥18 years who underwent ≥1 ERCP procedures after LT between January 2010 and October 2021. Two hundred thirty-two patients were included, who underwent 260 LTs and 1125 ERCPs. PEP occurred after 23 ERCP procedures (2%) with subsequent mortality in three (13%). Multivariate logistic regression identified wire cannulation of the pancreatic duct as a significant risk factor for PEP (OR, 3.21). The complication rate of PEP after LT in this study was shown to be low and is lower compared to patients without a history of LT. Nevertheless, the mortality rate of this group of patients was notably higher.
Treatment of AIDS has been directed toward the underlying retroviral infection as well as toward specific opportunistic infections and malignancies that are associated with the syndrome. The most extensively studied drugs are reverse transcriptase inhibitors such as AZT and other nucleoside analogs, including didanosine (ddI) and dideoxycytidine (ddC). The most extensive clinical experience has been achieved with AZT. These clinical trials indicated a decreased incidence of opportunistic infection and increased survival in patients with AIDS. However, AZT treatment is associated with dose-limiting toxicities. Additionally, identification of resistance to AZT has increased the need to test the effectiveness of AZT in combination with other drugs. CD4-IgG is capable of binding to HIV envelope protein (gp120) and inhibiting HIV infectivity in test tube studies. Potential therapeutic benefit in patients with HIV infection may be derived from CD4-IgG.

AMENDED: Previously, rCD4-IgG had been administered on a mcg/kg basis. Subjects now receive rCD4-IgG as a fixed dose. Changes to the maintenance schedule were made to accommodate the new dosages. Original design: This study is divided into two parts: A pharmacokinetic evaluation, and a safety evaluation. The pharmacokinetic evaluation is done in selected patients. For the safety evaluation patients will receive rCD4-IgG at a fixed dose level twice weekly by intravenous bolus injection (over 1 minute) for 12 weeks. Zidovudine (AZT) is administered orally 3 times daily at one of two dose levels. Eight subjects, at least 4 of whom with p24 levels greater than 75 pg/m, are entered at each dose level of CD4-IgG beginning with dose level 1. If 3 or more patients at a dose level experience grade 3 or 4 toxicity then no further patients will be added to that or higher dose levels. Pharmacokinetics of CD4-IgG alone and in combination with AZT is evaluated in patients at dose level 2 only. Patients receive one IV bolus of CD4-IgG on day 1 and samples are drawn beginning 15-30 minutes prior to the CD4-IgG injection. There is an 8 day washout period. Beginning on day 9 and continuing through day 24, patients receive AZT daily. CD4-IgG is administered by IV bolus on day 16. Samples are drawn beginning 15-30 minutes prior to the injection of CD4-IgG. The pharmacokinetic evaluation terminates 8 days after the second CD4-IgG injection (day 24). Extended treatment will be made available to patients at the discretion of the Principal Investigator.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain new polynucleotides, for example. for treatment and diagnosis of infectious diseases caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Streptococcus, such as tympanitis, conjunctivities, pneumonia, and bacteremia. The polynucleotides have high homology to a nucleic acid coding for MurE polypeptide containing a specific amino acid sequence. SOLUTION: These are newly isolated polynucleotides such as (A) a polynucleotide having homology at 70% or higher to the polynucleotide coding for the polypeptide containing an amino acid sequence shown by the formula, and (B) a polynucleotide having homology at 70% or higher to the polynucleotide coding for the same mature polypeptide as one which is expressed by MurE gene contained in a deposited strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae. These polynucleotides are useful, for example, for treatment and diagnosis of infectious diseases caused by S. pneumoniae. These polynucleotides are obtained by probing a chromosomal DNA library of S. pneumoniae using a radiolabelled oligonucleotide from its partial sequence.
Patients with haematological malignancies and chemotherapy-induced prolonged neutropenia are at risk for severe bacterial and fungal infections. These opportunistic infections can result in prolonged hospital stay, increases costs and greater mortality. Voriconazole has now been recommended as the first line agent for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Retrospective observational studies of voriconazole serum concentration suggest that serum concentration correlate with toxicity and clinical response. These observations were however made in small series of patients and data were collected retrospectively. These inherent methodological flaws make it impossible to draw definite conclusions about the effect of voriconazole serum level monitoring on the outcome of IA, and therefore considered insufficient proof to recommend voriconazole concentration determination in blood as standard of care. The impact that so called serum concentration guided dosing of voriconazole will have on treatment success can only be evaluated through a prospective randomized clinical trial.

For this purpose, we designed a prospective stratified cluster randomized cross-over trial of therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with haematological disease who have developed IA. The order of periods (TDM or standard of care, each 12 months) will be randomized per centre. During the TDM episode, the voriconazole dosage will be adjusted to achieve trough blood concentrations in a predefined window of 2-5 mg/L. A sample size of n=192 is needed to detect a 20% absolute reduction in the number of treatment failures (40% to 20 %) compared to control.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, debilitating neurological condition for which current treatments often focus on managing symptoms without curing the underlying disease. Recent studies have suggested that dietary supplements could potentially modify disease progression and enhance quality of life. This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as a dietary supplement in patients with MS, with a specific focus on its impact on disease progression, symptom management, and overall quality of life. We conducted a comprehensive systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, utilizing an exhaustive search across the databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to 23 February 2024. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials. Nine clinical trials involving 318 participants were analyzed, with dosages ranging from 600 mg to 1200 mg of EGCG daily, although most studies had only a 4-month follow-up period. Results indicated that EGCG supplementation, particularly when combined with coconut oil, led to significant improvements in metabolic health markers and functional abilities such as gait speed and balance. One trial observed significant improvements in the Berg balance scale score from an average of 49 to 52 after four months of treatment with 800 mg of EGCG daily. Additionally, interleukin-6 levels significantly decreased, suggesting anti-inflammatory effects. Measures of quality of life such as the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scale showed significant improvements after EGCG supplementation. However, primary outcomes like disease progression measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of lesion activities showed minimal or no significant changes across most studies. EGCG supplementation appears to provide certain symptomatic and functional benefits in MS patients, particularly in terms of metabolic health and physical functionality. However, it does not significantly impact the primary disease progression markers such as EDSS scores and MRI lesions. These findings underscore the potential of EGCG as a supportive treatment in MS management, though its role in altering disease progression remains unclear. Future research should focus on long-term effects and optimal dosing to further elucidate its therapeutic potential.
PURPOSE:To allow simple sepn. without depending on monoclonal antibodies by forming the above separating material of a water-insoluble solid having a basic functional group on the surface. CONSTITUTION:The basic functional group is nitrogenous arom. ring groups, such as primary to tertiary amino groups, quaternary ammonium group, pyridyl group and imidazoryl group, and the amt. thereof on the surface of the water- insoluble solid is generally 0.2 to 10% basic nitrogen atom content per weight of the dry state. Activated T cells and/or helper T cells are captured in the separating material when a lymphocyte suspension is passed in a separator packed with this separating material. The liquid contg. the remaining components flows out of the outlet of the separator. The simple sepn. is executed in this way.
Participants first received Favicovir 200 mg FT manufactured by Atabay in a fasting state. After a washout period of 48 hours, they then received Avigan FT200 mg manufactured by Toyama Chemical Industry Co.Ltd./Japan in a fasting state.
PURPOSE: To obtain an injectable pharmaceutical composition capable of releasing a medicine over a long period and especially suitable for introducing the medicine into an intraocular region. CONSTITUTION: This medicine carrier composition for injection administration contains a physically mixed and pharmaceutically active agent and a biodegradable polymer and the polymer is a block copolymer of the formula A-B-A (A is a hydrophobic polymer or oligomer; B is hydrophilic polymer or oligomer) which is solid at 20-37 deg.C and fluid at 38-52 deg.C. In the block copolymer, the component A includes e.g. polyglycol acid, polyethylene terephthalate, poly(ε- caprolactone), D-polylactic acid or polyglutaminic acid the component B includes e.g. polyethylene glycol. The pharmaceutically active agent includes e.g. ganciclovir, 5-fluorouracil or dexamethasone and is formulated in an amount of 0.7-70 wt.%, especially 2-25 wt.% based on total weight of the composition.
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a pregnancy complication impairing fetal growth and development. The compromised development is often attributed to disruptions of oxygen and nutrient supply from the placenta, resulting in a number of unfavourable physiological outcomes with impaired brain and organ growth. IUGR is associated with compromised development of both grey and white matter, predisposing the infant to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, including long-lasting cognitive and motor difficulties. Cerebral thyroid hormone (TH) signalling, which plays a crucial role in regulating white and grey matter development, is dysregulated in IUGR, potentially contributing to the neurodevelopmental delays associated with this condition. Notably, one of the major TH transporters, monocarboxylate transporter-8 (MCT8), is deficient in the fetal IUGR brain. Currently, no effective treatment to prevent or reverse IUGR exists. Management strategies involve close antenatal monitoring, management of maternal risk factors if present and early delivery if IUGR is found to be severe or worsening in utero. The overall goal is to determine the most appropriate time for delivery, balancing the risks of preterm birth with further fetal compromise due to IUGR. Drug candidates have shown either adverse effects or little to no benefits in this vulnerable population, urging further preclinical and clinical investigation to establish effective therapies. In this review, we discuss the major neuropathology of IUGR driven by uteroplacental insufficiency and the concomitant long-term neurobehavioural impairments in individuals born IUGR. Importantly, we review the existing clinical and preclinical literature on cerebral TH signalling deficits, particularly the impaired expression of MCT8 and their correlation with IUGR. Lastly, we discuss the current evidence on MCT8-independent TH analogues which mimic the brain actions of THs by being metabolised in a similar manner as promising, albeit underappreciated approaches to promote grey and white matter development and improve the neurobehavioural outcomes following IUGR.