anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This is a randomized (the study medication is assigned by chance), double-blind (neither physician nor participant knows the identity of the assigned treatment), placebo-controlled (one of the study medications is inactive), multicenter, parallel group study (each participant group receives different treatments simultaneously). Participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive either ustekinumab 45 mg, ustekinumab 90 mg, or placebo. The study will consist of a screening period, a 12-week double-blind treatment period, and a 12-week follow-up period. During the double-blind treatment period, participants will receive one subcutaneous injection of study medication at Week 0 and Week 4. Participants will return to the study center for 7 evaluation visits on Weeks 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24. Clinical response will be evaluated by Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA), photography, and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Participants will record their itch condition twice daily using the participant daily diary from 2 weeks prior to randomization until Week 12. Blood samples will be drawn at time periods during the screening, double-blind treatment, and follow-up periods. Participant safety will be monitored throughout the study. Participants are permitted to use concomitant topical medications, as defined in the protocol and without any increase in dose, from 4 weeks prior to randomization through to the end of the treatment period. After Week 12, additional treatment can be started or the dose of concomitant medications can be increased, if no improvement in clinical response is observed; in these cases EASI, IGA, and photography evaluations will be stopped. The study duration for each participant is expected to be approximately 30 weeks. Ustekinumab (also known as STELARA) is an antibody medication that inhibits the inflammatory proteins IL-12 and IL-23 and is approved as a treatment for moderate to severe plaque-type psoriasis; this study will examine whether ustekinumab can provide benefit in atopic dermatitis and assess for any risks or side effects.
Understanding speech in noisy environments is a challenging task, especially in communication situations with several competing speakers. Despite their ongoing improvement, assistive listening devices and speech processing approaches still do not perform well enough in noisy multi-talker environments, as they may fail to restore the intelligibility of a speaker of interest among competing sound sources. In this study, a quasi-causal deep learning algorithm was developed that can extract the voice of a target speaker, as indicated by a short enrollment utterance, from a mixture of multiple concurrent speakers in background noise. Objective evaluation with computational metrics demonstrated that the speaker-informed algorithm successfully extracts the target speaker from noisy multi-talker mixtures. This was achieved using a single algorithm that generalized to unseen speakers, different numbers of speakers and relative speaker levels, and different speech corpora. Double-blind sentence recognition tests on mixtures of one, two, and three speakers in restaurant noise were conducted with listeners with normal hearing and listeners with hearing loss. Results indicated significant intelligibility improvements with the speaker-informed algorithm of 17% and 31% for people without and with hearing loss, respectively. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that deep learning-based speaker extraction can enhance speech intelligibility in noisy multi-talker environments where uninformed speech enhancement methods fail.
The education group participants will receive the same exercise manual, fitness items, exercise videos, and same weekly tailored step goal as the 12-week intervention group. This group will not have weekly zoom discussions, or be a part of the same social media page as the 12-week intervention group. Instead, the education group will be contacted by research staff once a week via telephone to discuss their manuals and activity for the week, and to ensure they have been safely engaging in exercise. A separate social media page will be created for this group, where pre-existing materials related to physical activity recommendations, benefits, other resources, and more will be shared.
Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a common systemic metabolic disease. Its incidence is increasing year by year and more young people suffer from hyperuricemia. HUA can not only cause the onset of gouty arthritis, and then affect joint function, and even cause joint deformities. It can also cause damage to multiple organs such as the heart, brain, and kidney through multiple channels. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) refers to chronic kidney structural and dysfunction caused by various reasons. HUA is an independent risk factor that accelerates the progress of CKD. Studies have shown that lowering uric acid is another key treatment to delay the progress of CKD. A large number of studies have shown that the formation of uric acid crystals is the main mechanism of inducing renal injury.

In 2017, the "Multidisciplinary Expert Consensus for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hyperuricemia-Related Diseases in China" recommended that patients with hyperuricemia receiving uric acid lowering drugs, especially those treated with uric acid excretion drugs and patients with uric acid nephrolithiasis, recommended that the pH of urine be adjusted during pH6.2 \~ 6.9 to increase the solubility of uric acid in urine. It is recommended to use sodium bicarbonate or potassium sodium citrate drugs to alkalinize urine, but it is not clear if there is any difference in the kinetic parameters of urine alkalinity, compliance rate of alkalinized urine and safety between sodium bicarbonate and potassium sodium citrate. No "head-to-head" clinical publications have been reported. This clinical trial was designed to evaluate the rate of alkalinization of urine, the therapeutic effect of renal lithiasis and adverse reactions between the sodium bicarbonate and potassium sodium hydrogen citrate granules in healthy people and patients with hyperuricemia and renal calculi (uric acid). This study provides a more direct and objective basis for the widespread use of potassium sodium hydrogen citrate granules in the treatment of uric acid stones.
Clopidogrel bisulfate is a thienopyridine class inhibitor of P2Y12 ADP platelet receptors. Chemically it is methyl (+)-(S)-α-(2-chlorophenyl)-6,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine-5(4H)-acetate sulfate (1:1). The empirical formula of clopidogrel bisulfate is C16H16ClNO2S•H2SO4 and its molecular weight is 419.9. 

The structural formula is as follows:

Clopidogrel bisulfate, USP is a white to off-white powder. It is practically insoluble in water at neutral pH but freely soluble at pH 1. It also dissolves freely in methanol, dissolves sparingly in methylene chloride, and is practically insoluble in ethyl ether. It has a specific optical rotation of about +56°. 

Clopidogrel bisulfate, USP for oral administration is provided as pink to light pink, round, film-coated tablets debossed with “A 9” on one side and plain on the other side, containing 97.875 mg of clopidogrel bisulfate, equivalent to 75 mg of clopidogrel base. 

Each tablet contains anhydrous lactose, hydrogenated castor oil, hypromellose, iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, low substituted hydroxylpropyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, silicon dioxide, talc and titanium dioxide as inactive ingredients.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a condition often linked with hypertension, has an undefined relationship with renalase, a protein known for regulating blood pressure. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum renalase levels as well as renalase functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2296545 variant and hypertension in a Han Chinese OSA population. 126 subjects underwent serum renalase detection, with linear regression being performed to evaluate the relationship between serum renalase levels and OSA-related traits. Additional 4275 subjects were obtained rs2296545 genotype information by SNP microarray. And binary logistic regression was used to assess the effect of rs2296545 on hypertension risk. Molecular dynamics simulation and molecular docking were utilized to access the protein structures and the interplay between protein and catecholamines of wild-type and rs2296545 mutant renalase. The results showed that serum renalase levels were significantly higher in the severe OSA group. Further analysis showed renalase levels were positively correlated with blood pressure in the non-OSA group and negatively correlated in the severe OSA group. For rs2296545 polymorphism analysis, the hypertension risk significantly increased for the recessive model CC/GG + CG (OR = 1.211, 95% CI: 1.025-1.431) and the additive model CC/CG (OR = 1.223, 95% CI: 1.025-1.458) in the severe OSA. The rs2296545 polymorphism affected protein structure, and led to increase binding free energy, weakening interactions between renalase and catecholamines. In conclusion, serum renalase levels had independent association with blood pressure. And rs2296545 polymorphism may influence on susceptibility to hypertension by altering protein ability to bind to catecholamines, which might contribute to the intervention of hypertension in the OSA population.
INTRODUCTION: Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) play a crucial role in house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic inflammation, and allergen immunotherapy (AIT) holds promise for treating the disease by reducing the frequency of ILC2s. Despite significant progress in AIT for allergic diseases, there remains a need to improve the control of allergic symptoms.
METHODS: We investigated the synergistic effect of the Notch signaling pathway and subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in treating allergic airway inflammation in mice and their impact on the ratio of ILC2s in lung tissues. This was achieved by establishing the HDM-induced airway allergic disorders (HAAD) model and SCIT model. Additionally, we conducted in vitro investigations into the effect of the Notch signaling pathway on the secretory function of activated ILC2s using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Furthermore, we explored the coactivation of the Notch signaling pathway with SCIT in vitro by sorting ILC2s from the lung tissues of mice after SCIT modeling.
RESULTS: Previously, our group demonstrated that Notch signaling pathway inhibitors can reduce allergic airway inflammation in mice. Notch signaling induces lineage plasticity of mature ILC2s. In this study, we showed that AIT alleviates allergic airway inflammation and suppresses the frequency of ILC2s induced by HDM. Interestingly, AIT combined with a γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI), an inhibitor of the Notch signaling pathway, significantly inhibited the frequency of ILC2s, reduced airway inflammation, and suppressed Th2-type responses in a mouse model. Furthermore, lung ILC2s from HDM-challenged mice with or without AIT were treated with GSI in vitro, and we found that GSI dramatically reduced the secretion of type 2 inflammatory factors in ILC2s.
DISCUSSION: These findings suggest that Notch signaling pathway inhibitors can be used as adjuvant therapy for AIT and may hold potential treatment value in the cooperative control of allergic airway inflammation during early AIT.
Confirmed eligible participants were randomized to be administered immediate release acetylsalicylic acid (IR ASA, Aspirin, BAYE4465) 81 mg qd 30 minutes after naproxen sodium (Aleve, BAY117031) 220 mg qd for 10 consecutive days. A 3-day IR ASA 81 mg qd Run-Out period was followed.
Using the French Health Reimbursement Agency database and French hospital discharge database, the investigators will identify all men with prostate cancer who had either, at least one dispensation in a 1.5-year period (1st July 2010 to 31st December 2011) of an androgen-deprivation therapy or a hospitalization for orchiectomy. The French Health Insurance System covers the entire French population (65.3 million inhabitants in 2012).
This study will recruit adult participants with epilepsy who are undergoing planned surgery either for an initial implant of a vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) device or for replacement of their VNS implanted pulse generator (IPG) due to battery depletion. The primary study goals are to measure the activation of the vagus nerve and the side effects of vagus nerve stimulation (neck muscle contractions, changes in heart rate) across a range of stimulation parameters typically used in VNS therapy for epilepsy. This mapping of the parameter space may inform future device programming to improve electrical activation of the vagus nerve and/or to reduce side effects. All study participants will be assigned to a single study group and will complete the same study procedures.

The research study will take place during VNS surgery. For participants undergoing a first VNS implant surgery, once the vagus nerve is exposed and before placing the VNS electrodes, the investigators may image the nerve with ultrasound. Mapping of the parameter space will then occur after placement of the cuff electrodes around the cervical vagus nerve for participants undergoing a first VNS implant surgery or removal of the IPG with the depleted battery for patients undergoing IPG replacement surgery. Temporary sterile extension wires will connect the implanted VNS electrode to the research stimulation system. Research procedures will involve stimulating the vagus nerve through the standard implanted clinical VNS electrodes over a range of stimulation parameters. At the same time, the investigators will record how changes in stimulation affect the activity of the vagus nerve (measured by electroneurogram (ENG)), the response of the neck and throat muscles (by electromyogram (EMG)) and the heart rate (by electrocardiogram (EKG)). Several stimulation trials will be conducted with different VNS parameters (pulse duration, pulse amplitude, and pulse repetition rate) delivered in randomized order. Stimulation parameters will be within the ranges used for clinical therapy and will not exceed those that produce a 25% reduction in heart rate. Measurements will be made during 10 to 60 second trials, in which stimulation will be off for the first section (baseline), on for the second section (responses to stimulation), and off for the final section (recovery). The stimulus waveform will be a charge-balanced biphasic pulse, with values of charge density (D) limited to values below the nondamaging limits that are well-established in literature.
INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is related to high morbidity and mortality and loss of quality of life. Likewise, hyperparathyroidism is associated to progressive loss of renal function, with increased phosphate and decrease calcium levels, which induce the secretion of parathyroid hormone.
OBJECTIVES: To translate into Portuguese (Brazil), culturally adapt and validate the questionnaire Parathyroid Symptoms Assessment (PAS), following reliability and validity criteria in patients with chronic kidney disease and hyperparathyroidism.
METHODS: Methodological and cross-sectional study, carried out at São Lucas Hospital/PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. The PAS questionnaire validation process followed protocols from previous studies. After translating into Portuguese, it was applied to 100 patients with secondary (SHPT) and tertiary or persistent (THPT) hyperparathyroidism. For PAS validation data, patients responded to the Short Form Health 36 (SF-36) questionnaire. Reliability criteria were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha (α-C). Validity was assessed by Spearman's correlation coefficient between PAS and SF-36 values.
RESULTS: Participant's mean age was 55.6 ± 15.6 years, 61% was male, and 68% was diagnosed with SHPT. Among 100 patients, 53% performed a PAS retest (ICC = 0.83). The internal reliability by α-C was 0.86. Negative correlations were observed between PAS questions and SF-36 physical and mental domains, which ranged from 0.3 to 0.7.
CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of the PAS questionnaire was found to be valid and reliable. The PAS questionnaire can be used to evaluate quality of life in Brazilian patients with hyperparathyroidism who speak Portuguese.
osteogenesis imperfecta (Sillence Type IV) sustained neck of femur fracture after fall on ground. He had proximal femoral anterolateral bowing on top of inserted rod 4 years ago. He was treated with corrective osteotomy and intramedullary telescoping nail for deformed femur and Wagner technique to fix NOF fracture. One year after operation the patient gained satisfactory functional outcome with union of NOF fracture and correction of femoral deformity. This rare case illustrates the anticipated difficulties in managing neck of femur fracture in osteogenesis imperfect patients. The method of fixation with Wagner technique can achieve stable fixation for solid healing in fragility fractures like this and the least interference with telescoping nail insertion.
PURPOSE: One plausible mechanistic hypothesis is the potential contribution of inflammatory mechanisms to shortness of breath. This study was aimed to evaluate for associations between the occurrence of shortness of breath and perturbations in inflammatory pathways.
METHODS: Patients with cancer reported the occurrence of shortness of breath six times over two cycles of chemotherapy. Latent class analysis was used to identify subgroups of patients with distinct shortness of breath occurrence profiles (i.e., none (70.5%), decreasing (8.2%), increasing (7.8%), high (13.5%)). Using an extreme phenotype approach, whole transcriptome differential gene expression and pathway impact analyses were performed to evaluate for perturbed signaling pathways associated with shortness of breath between the none and high classes. Two independent samples (RNA-sequencing (n = 293) and microarray (n = 295) methodologies) were evaluated. Fisher's combined probability method was used to combine these results to obtain a global test of the null hypothesis. In addition, an unweighted knowledge network was created using the specific pathway maps to evaluate for interconnections among these pathways.
RESULTS: Twenty-nine Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes inflammatory signaling pathways were perturbed. The mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway node had the highest closeness, betweenness, and degree scores. In addition, five common respiratory disease-related pathways, that may share mechanisms with cancer-related shortness of breath, were perturbed.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings provide preliminary support for the hypothesis that inflammation contribute to the occurrence of shortness of breath in patients with cancer. In addition, the mechanisms that underlie shortness of breath in oncology patients may be similar to other respiratory diseases.
Trabectedin and Irinotecan may inhibit the activity of this Ewing sarcoma mutation. Trabectedin may suppress the proliferation of the gene involved in DNA damage response. It blocks EWS-FLI1 by inactivating the fusion protein and silences the target genes.

Irinotecan also suppresses the genes regulating the tumor cells, generating DNA damage. Together, these drugs work in combination to suppress the gene regulating the tumor cells. This combination may suppress the activity of the tumor regulating genes, disrupting the activity of the genes. The infusion of 18F-FLT in combination with a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan will demonstrate whether the target cells have been suppressed.
Results from two randomized trials have shown that oral beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) is effective for treatment of acute gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Here, we report results of a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled phase II study designed to test the hypothesis that acute GVHD could be prevented by administration of oral BDP, beginning before hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and continuing until day 75 after HCT. Study drug (BDP or placebo) was administered as 1 mg immediate-release formulation plus 1 mg delayed-release formulation orally four times daily. According to the primary endpoint, systemic glucocorticoid treatment for GVHD was given to 60 of the 92 participants (65%) in the BDP arm, versus 31 of 46 participants (67%) in the placebo arm. The secondary efficacy endpoints showed no statistically significant differences between the two arms. The proportion of participants who took at least 90% of the prescribed study drug during the first 4 weeks after HCT was 54% overall. Lower severity of mucositis strongly correlated with higher adherence to the schedule of study drug administration. Inconsistent adherence related to mucositis during recovery after myeloablative conditioning may have obscured a beneficial therapeutic effect in the current study.
A method and system for gastric stimulation and imaging for a user. The system having an array of millimeter-sized gastric seeds implanted in a stomach area of a user. Each gastric seed is ultrasonically powered and communicates using a transducer, and the transducer has a recorder to measure a bioelectrical activity in the stomach area of the user. A wearable unit (WU) is worn or carried by the user, and the WU wirelessly powers the gastric seeds. The WU wirelessly communicates with the gastric seeds, and the gastric seeds communicate a parameter to the WU based on the bioelectrical activity. Received pulses by the seeds can he used to localize the position of the seeds and guide the wireless power/data transmission in a self-image-guided manner. A processing unit (PU) wirelessly communicates with the WU, and the WU communicates the parameters from the gastric seeds to the PU.
The study of migraine is based on the complexity of the pathology, both at the pathophysiological and epidemiological levels. Although it affects more than a billion people worldwide, it is often underestimated and underreported by patients. Migraine must not be confused with a simple headache; it is a serious and disabling disease that causes considerable limitations in the daily life of afflicted people, including social, work, and emotional effects. Therefore, it causes a daily state of suffering and discomfort. It is important to point out that this pathology not only has a decisive impact on the quality of life of those who suffer from it but also on their families and, more generally, on society as a whole. The clinical picture of migraine is complex, with debilitating unilateral or bilateral head pain, and is often associated with characteristic symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia. Hormonal, environmental, psychological, dietary, or other factors can trigger it. The present review focuses on the analysis of the physiopathological and pharmacological aspects of migraine, up to the correct dietary approach, with specific nutritional interventions aimed at modulating the symptoms. Based on the symptoms that the patient experiences, targeted and specific therapy is chosen to reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks. Specifically, the role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the pathogenesis of migraine is analyzed, along with the drugs that effectively target the corresponding receptor. Particularly, CGRP receptor antagonists (gepants) are very effective drugs in the treatment of migraine, given their high diffusion in the brain. Moreover, following a ketogenic diet for only one or two months has been demonstrated to reduce migraine attacks. In this review, we highlight the diverse facets of migraine, from its physiopathological and pharmacological aspects to prevention and therapy.