anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A confectionary product consists of a basic confectionary composition and conventional additives, e.g. for chewing gum, wherein at least one flavouring, aroma and/or other additive of which the release is to be delayed is contained in at least one phase of the basic composition, which phase consists of (a) at least one wax without functional groups, e.g. a paraffin wax, a polyethylene wax or a polyethylene glycol, which is substantially not miscible with the flavouring etc., and (b) at least one further wax having functional groups which contains said flavouring etc. in a stable solution or mixture, e.g. beeswax or a higher fatty alcohol, a higher fatty acid such as palmitic, stearic or arachic acid, or ester thereof; this further wax forms an homogenous mixture or a stable solution with the first wax. The ratio by weight between the two waxes may be from 1:10 to 10:1. Pharmaceutical products e.g. Dextrometorpham or dimethylaminohydroxy benzhydrylether can be thus included as additives to chewing gum. Products may be formed in which the flavour changes after an initial period in the mouth.
The athletes lay on a bed in the MR imaging unit in a comfortable and relaxed supine position. MR imaging was performed with a 0.3-T MR using surface coils with the body coil in the supine position (AIRIS II, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan). T2-weighted fast spin-echo imaging was used to obtain sagittal images of the lumbar spine and intervertebral discs (repetition time, 3000 ms; echo time, 112 ms; matrix, 256 × 265; field of view, 320 mm; slice thickness, 10 mm).

All MR images, taken at 5 lumbar intervertebral disc levels from the first lumbar (L1) vertebra to the first sacral vertebra (S1), were independently evaluated by 2 experienced orthopedic specialists in a random order using a grading system for LDD assessment. Using a comprehensive grading system for LDD, discs were classified into 5 grades, as described by Pfirrman et al. This system uses characteristics of disc structure, distinction between the nucleus and annulus, MRI signal intensity, and intervertebral disc height for grading, and has been accepted as a standardized and reliable evaluation tool for assessment of MRI disc morphology. The assessment was blinded so as not to disclose any knowledge about the athlete's condition, such as the subjective functional disability level of LBP. When the 2 experienced orthopedic specialists had differing opinions on disc grades, the disagreements were debated and resolved with discussion.

The 151 participating athletes were divided into 2 groups: LDD and non-LDD. The LDD group included subjects with at least 1 abnormal disc from L1-2 to L5-S1 of grade III, IV, or V. The non-LDD group included subjects with 5 normal discs of grade I or II. For further assessment, the most damaged disc of the 5 constituted the highest grade of LDD.

CSAs of trunk muscles Transverse MR spin-echo T1-weighted images were obtained at the L3-4 level parallel to the lumbar disc space (repetition time, 760 ms; echo time, 20 ms; matrix, 256 × 265; field of view, 320 mm; slice thickness, 5.0 mm). The image was traced onto paper and the traced image was then transferred to a computer in order to measure CSAs. CSAs were calculated using image analysis software (Scion Image Beta 4.02, Scion Corp., Frederick, MD, USA), and grouped into 5 large areas because they had poorly defined borders. Each of the 5 areas was represented by the same CSA on the left and right sides of the transverse image (rectus abdominis, obliques, psoas, quadratus lumborum, and lumbar erector spinae plus multifidus). The 5 areas were summed to determine the total area. Three of the CSAs included multiple muscles: obliques, psoas, and lumbar erector spinae). Oblique muscles comprise the internal and external obliques and transversus abdominis. Psoas muscles comprise the psoas major and minor muscles. The lumbar erector spinae includes the iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis. All CSAs were normalized by dividing the values by the athlete's body weight. This method was used because most of the combat sports adopt the weight category system, and a previous study reported the correlation between CSAs of the trunk muscles in athletes according to their body mass.
The invention discloses medicine for treating scald and a preparation method thereof. The medicine comprises, by weight, 40 to 60 parts of Jasminum humile, 10 to 20 parts of alum, 50 to 60 parts of walking spleenwort, 50 to 60 parts of herb of bigleaf goldsaxifrage, 20 to 30 parts of aloe leaf, 20 to 30 parts of rhubarb, 10 to 20 parts of corymbose hedyotis herb, 10 to 20 parts of Chinese coriaria leaves and 20 to 30 parts of andrographis paniculata. The preparation method includes steps of crushing the above-mentioned ingredients and screening with a 100- to 140-mesh sieve, and uniformly mixing. The medicine has the advantages of quick effect, remarkable curative effect and small side effect. Treatment cycle is short, the treatment effect is good, effective rate is high, no scars are left, and the body function is not affected. The preparation method is simple and easy to operate. The medicine has remarkable curative effect on the scald and burns. In 200 clinical treatment cases, the effective rate is 85%.
Robertsonian chromosomes form by fusion of two chromosomes that have centromeres located near their ends, known as acrocentric or telocentric chromosomes. This fusion creates a new metacentric chromosome and is a major mechanism of karyotype evolution and speciation. Robertsonian chromosomes are common in nature and were first described in grasshoppers by the zoologist W. R. B. Robertson more than 100 years ago. They have since been observed in many species, including catfish, sheep, butterflies, bats, bovids, rodents and humans, and are the most common chromosomal change in mammals. Robertsonian translocations are particularly rampant in the house mouse, Mus musculus domesticus, where they exhibit meiotic drive and create reproductive isolation. Recent progress has been made in understanding how Robertsonian chromosomes form in the human genome, highlighting some of the fundamental principles of how and why these types of fusion events occur so frequently. Consequences of these fusions include infertility and Down's syndrome. In this Hypothesis, I postulate that the conditions that allow these fusions to form are threefold: (1) sequence homology on non-homologous chromosomes, often in the form of repetitive DNA; (2) recombination initiation during meiosis; and (3) physical proximity of the homologous sequences in three-dimensional space. This Hypothesis highlights the latest progress in understanding human Robertsonian translocations within the context of the broader literature on Robertsonian chromosomes.
MATERIAL This research will be conducted in the Homa Bay county in western Kenya in previously selected locations around the county in rural area. An estimated 800 children and youth under the age of 18 will be selected for this study. This study will take place between October and November 2015. The investigators hypothesis, based on prior survey studies done in Sub-Saharan Africa, is that roughly 6% of the people under 18 are suffering from a surgical condition. In a sample size of 800 people the margin of error is 1,65%.

People who are currently being treated in a hospital will be excluded from the study. Also the people who decline from the study will be excluded. The number of declinations will be recorded.

METHODS The people will receive a written and a verbal information regarding the study and its purposes from the primary research assistant. If they decide to participate in the study they or their parent/guardian will be asked to sign an informed consent. Local interpreter will be available to help with possible questions.

The primary research assistant will conduct a short interview. Prior medical history will be taken. The participants will be asked their age. If age is not known the primary research assistant will estimate it. The height, weight and sex will be registered. A full physical examination will then be conducted. In this examination the participants will be assessed for visible deformations i.e. masses, scars, limb deformities. It will be determined whether the deformation is congenital or acquired. If the deformity is acquired the cause will be asked from the subject. The range of major joints will be registered. In case of palpable masses the possible diagnosis will be figured out using basic clinical skills. A structured survey sheet will be used collect the information. No other forms of diagnostic measures will be used. No blood or microbial culture samples will be collected and no x-ray imaging will be done.

If a surgical condition is diagnosed the participant will be informed about the nature and possible cause of this condition. No treatment procedures will be done on site.
Participants who ingest bowel cleanser on the day of colonoscopy. Participant will ingest the 4L PEG on the day of colonoscopy.
A method is providing for measuring platelet reactivity of a PCI patient that has a (DES). A blood sample is obtained from the patient. The blood sample is mixed in combination with 1) an anticoagulant; 2) sufficient buffer to maintain the pH and salt concentration of the anticoagulated blood within a range suitable for platelet aggregation; 3) a platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor ligand immobilized on a solid surface; 4) one or more agents to enhance a signal transduction pathway and 5) a receptor activator. The combination is incubated under conditions for agglutinating particles. Platelet-mediated agglutination is assessed in the mixture. The absence of agglutination indicates that the patient has reduced ability to form platelet thrombi.
CAPOS (cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, pes cavus, optic atrophy, and sensorineural hearing loss) syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by the heterozygous mutation, c.2452G > A, in the ATP1A3 gene. CAPOS syndrome involves a characteristic episode in which neuropathy develops after a fever in childhood, and here, we describe the case of a patient with CAPOS syndrome. The patient had repeated episodes of a fever around 74 months of age. Although he could speak at 23 months of age, he presented with hearing difficulty after the fever. Pure-tone audiometry revealed moderate-to-severe bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, and auditory brainstem response (ABR) showed poor response in the both ears. Auditory stead-state response (ASSR) produced relatively consistent results compared to pure-tone audiometry. A mutation in the ATP1A3 gene was detected through genetic testing. In CAPOS syndrome, a genetic mutation leads to desynchronization during neural firing. We believe that this desynchronization in neural firing is responsible for the lack of response in the ABR and the presence of a response in the ASSR. In this patient, we attribute the response detection in ASSR to its greater tolerance for errors in the timing of neural firing compared to ABR.
Next-day residual effects: In five clinical studies [three controlled studies in adults (18–64 years of age) administered Ambien CR 12.5 mg and two controlled studies in the elderly (≥ 65 years of age) administered Ambien CR 6.25 mg or 12.5 mg], the effect of Ambien CR on vigilance, memory, or motor function were assessed using neurocognitive tests. In these studies, no significant decrease in performance was observed eight hours after a nighttime dose. In addition, no evidence of next-day residual effects was detected with Ambien CR 12.5 mg and 6.25 mg using self-ratings of sedation. 

During the 3-week studies, next-day somnolence was reported by 15% of the adult patients who received 12.5 mg Ambien CR versus 2% of the placebo group; next-day somnolence was reported by 6% of the elderly patients who received 6.25 mg Ambien CR versus 5% of the placebo group [see Adverse Reactions (6)]. In a 6-month study, the overall incidence of next-day somnolence was 5.7% in the Ambien CR group as compared to 2% in the placebo group.

Rebound effects: Rebound insomnia, defined as a dose-dependent worsening in sleep parameters (latency, sleep efficiency, and number of awakenings) compared with baseline following discontinuation of treatment, is observed with short- and intermediate-acting hypnotics. In the two 3-week placebo-controlled studies in patients with primary insomnia, a rebound effect was only observed on the first night after abrupt discontinuation of Ambien CR. On the second night, there was no worsening compared to baseline in the Ambien CR group.

In a 6-month placebo-controlled study in which Ambien CR was taken as needed (3 to 7 nights per week), within the first month a rebound effect was observed for Total Sleep Time (not for WASO) during the first night off medication. After this first month period, no further rebound insomnia was observed. After final treatment discontinuation no rebound was observed.
For rapid manual partial exchange transfusion, participants with a weight \>50kg, 500 ml of whole blood is removed from the participant via a single lumen central venous line, followed by infusion of 500 ml of saline. A 30 second wait time is utilized for equilibration to occur. A second 500 ml aliquot is removed, and then two units of packed red blood cells (PRBC) are infused. (This is customized for a patient with large red blood cell mass). For participants \<50 kg, the individual exchange aliquots are adjusted to 10 ml/kg or normal saline and PRBC.
Research regarding substance use (including illicit drugs and non-medical use of prescription drugs) and HIV-related sexual risk behaviors (HIV SRBs; e.g., inconsistent condom use, multiple partners, sex while intoxicated; and prevention of injection drug use) among emerging adults (EAs; ages 18-25) has generally focused on alcohol use among college students from campus settings; however, substance use and HIV (and other associated Sexually Transmitted Infections) disproportionately occur among young people living in urban, low-resource communities, particularly individuals of racial minorities. The Emergency Department (ED) is a critical venue for accessing at-risk EAs engaging in substance use and HIV risk behaviors. Research shows high rates of substance use and HIV SRBs among EA patients in the ED, yet no intervention exists for EAs in this setting. The ED may be the only opportunity to intervene with these young people because EAs in urban, low-resource settings often lack a primary care provider during the transition from pediatric to adult medicine, may be un-insured or under-insured, and may not be involved in a traditional college campus setting. Further the use of technology (e.g., mobile phones) is relatively ubiquitous among this age group, and most prefer technology-based communication (e.g., text messaging or instant messaging via apps), therefore interventions for EAs may be enhanced by this type of technology. In this phase we will test a tailored intervention for EA patients in the ED focusing on reducing substance use and HIV SRBs, which will be enhanced through the use of mobile app notifications.
Treatment of patients with progressive malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) after multimodal therapy is a therapeutic challenge. Survival of the patients is low and the treatment options are sparse. This is an observational study of isolated thoracic perfusion with subsequent hemofiltration as a locoregional therapeutic strategy in this situation.

23 pts. with epithelioid MPM were included in this phase II study after informed consent. All patients had progressive disease after multiple therapies and were recommended BSC of a MDT. Following insertion of a venous and arterial 21 ch. stop flow catheter via a femoral access, the inferior vena cava was blocked beneath the right atrium, the arterial catheter was blocked in the aorta at the diaphragm. The upper arms were blocked by pneumatic cuffs. Chemotherapy was given via the arterial catheter. Chemotherapy consisted of 60mg/m2 cisplatinum and 15mg/m2 mitoxantrone q for 3 weeks until progress. After administration of chemotherapy, thoracic perfusion with blocked stop-flow catheters was maintained for 15 minutes. After de-blocking of the catheters, hemofiltration was performed for 45 min. with 5l filtrate. The endpoint of the study was overall survival.Secondary endpoint was toxicity.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the main factors influencing the survival of patients with advanced gastric cancer.
METHODS: The clinicopathological data of 120 patients with advanced gastric cancer were analyzed retrospectively, and clinical and pathological data were collected. Tumor tissue staging and grading were re-evaluated, and 5-year overall survival was followed up. The classified data were described by percentages, and the continuous data were described by standard deviations or medians. Univariate analysis was performed using the χ2 test or rank-sum test, followed by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to calculate the median survival time and 5-year cumulative survival. A multivariate Cox regression model was used to evaluate the independent risk factors affecting survival. The test level was α = 0.05.
RESULTS: Patients were followed up for 0 to 60 months, the 5-year overall survival rate was 36.2%, and the median survival time was 53.0 ± 1.461 months. K-M and log-rank test results revealed that tumor location, degree of differentiation, depth of invasion, regional lymph node involvement, and postoperative tumor stage were correlated with a decreased 5-year survival rate (P < 0.05). A multivariate Cox risk regression model was used to analyze the degree of histological differentiation (HR = 1.441; 95% CI = 1.049-1.979; P = 0.024), regional lymph node (HR = 1.626; 95% CI = 1.160-2.279; P = 0.005), and pTNM stage (HR = 2.266; 95% CI = 1.335-3.847; P = 0.002), which are independent risk factors for poor survival. Tumor location (P = 0.191), invasion depth (P = 0.579) and tumor size (P = 0.324) were not found to be independent risk factors.
CONCLUSION: The degree of tumor differentiation, regional lymph node metastasis and postoperative pathological stage were found to be independent risk factors for 5-year overall survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Standardized and reasonable lymph node dissection and accurate postoperative pathological staging were very important.
BACKGROUND: Robotic metabolic and bariatric surgery (RMBS) has emerged as an innovative approach in the treatment of severe obesity by combining the ergonomic precision of robotic technology and instrumentation with the established benefits of weight loss surgery. This study employs a bibliometric approach to identify local research trends and worldwide patterns in RMBS.
MATERIALS & METHODS: The research methodology used "robotic" and "metabolic" or "bariatric surgery" to search Web of Science. Articles that were published prior to December 31st, 2023, were included. The analyses were developed using the Rayyan and Bibliometric, in R Studio.
RESULTS: 265 articles from 51 different journals were included. Scientific production of RMBS experienced a significant annual growth rate of 21.96% from 2003 to 2023, resulting in an average of 12.6 papers published per year. A high correlation (R2 = 0.94) was found between the year and number of articles. The mean number of citations per document was 13.25. Approximately 90% of the journals were classified as zone 3, according to the Bradford categorization. International collaboration was identified in 10.57% of cases, with the University of California and the University of Illinois being the most common organizations. The countries with the highest number of corresponding authors, in descending order, were the United States of America, China, and Switzerland.
CONCLUSION: Scientific production in RMBS has experienced sustained growth since the first original publications in 2003. While it has not yet reached the volume, impact, and international collaboration seen in studies related to non-robotic metabolic and bariatric surgery, RBMS holds potential that remains to be explored.
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) is still one of the most common complications of ventilated premature infants. Lung inflammation plays a major role in its pathogenesis. Systemic steroids can be given to control this inflammatory process but their widespread use is limited by their systemic side effects and concerns for long neurodevelopmental adverse sequelae. Delivering steroids by inhalation which has been proven to be effective in young infants with asthma has been shown to be unsatisfactory for ELBW infants with BPD. This may be due to the fact that current delivery devices do not meet the requirements of the specific anatomical and physiologic characteristics of the airways and breathing patterns in this special group of patients. A novel approach to facilitate delivery directly to the lungs, thereby avoiding systemic concerns has been demonstrated in a recent study in which budesonide ( a topical steroid) was given to ventilated preterm infants using surfactant as a vehicle.
PURPOSE: A pyrazole derivative compound and a composition containing the same are provided to suppress reactive oxygen generation and to prevent or treat osteoporosis without side effect. CONSTITUTION: A pyrazole derivative compound is denoted by chemical formula 1. Pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of chemical formula 1 is hydrochloride. A method for preparing the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of chemical formula 1 comprises: a step of dropping a compound of chemical formula 2 and a compound of chemical formula 3 to polar organic solvent at -4 to 10 Deg. C.; and a step of heating the poly organic solvent at 90-130 Deg. C. The polar organic solvent is C1-C4 alcohol, acetic acid, or a mixture thereof. A composition for preventing or treating osteroporosis contains the compound of chemical formula 1.
* Cyclophosphamide is an inactive prodrug and is converted to its active metabolite in part by CYP3A. The rate of metabolism and the leukopenic activity of cyclophosphamide are reportedly increased by chronic co-administration of CYP3A4 inducers. There is a potential for increased cyclophosphamide toxicity when coadministered with carbamazepine.
  * Concomitant administration of carbamazepine and lithium may increase the risk of neurotoxic side effects.
  * Concomitant use of carbamazepine and isoniazid has been reported to increase isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity.
  * Concomitant medication with carbamazepine and some diuretics (e.g., hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide) may lead to symptomatic hyponatremia.
  * Alterations of thyroid function have been reported in combination therapy with other anticonvulsant medications.
  * Concomitant use of carbamazepine with hormonal contraceptive products (e.g., oral, and levonorgestrel subdermal implant contraceptives) may render the contraceptives less effective because the plasma concentrations of the hormones may be decreased. Breakthrough bleeding and unintended pregnancies have been reported. Alternative or back-up methods of contraception should be considered.
  * Resistance to the neuromuscular blocking action of the nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents pancuronium, vecuronium, rocuronium and cisatracurium has occurred in patients chronically administered carbamazepine. Whether or not carbamazepine has the same effect on other non-depolarizing agents is unknown. Patients should be monitored closely for more rapid recovery from neuromuscular blockade than expected, and infusion rate requirements may be higher.