anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Lifestyle interventions remain the treatment of choice for patients with obesity and metabolic complications, yet are difficult to maintain and often lead to cycles of weight loss and regain (weight cycling). Literature on weight cycling remains controversial and we therefore investigated the association between weight cycling and metabolic complications using preexistent obese mice. Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice received a high-fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks to induce obesity. Subsequently, weight-cycled mice were switched between the healthy chow diet and HFD for four 2-week periods and compared to mice that received HFD for the total study period. Repeated weight cycling tended to decrease body weight and significantly reduced fat mass, whereas adipose tissue inflammation was similar relative to HFD controls. Weight cycling did not significantly affect blood glucose or plasma insulin levels yet significantly reduced plasma free fatty acid and alanine transaminase/aspartate transaminase levels. Hepatic macrovesicular steatosis was similar and microvesicular steatosis tended to be increased upon weight cycling. Weight cycling resulted in a robust decrease in hepatic inflammation compared to HFD controls while hepatic fibrosis and atherosclerosis development were not affected. These results argue against the postulate that repeated weight cycling leads to unfavorable metabolic effects, when compared to a continuous unhealthy lifestyle, and in fact revealed beneficial effects on hepatic inflammation, an important hallmark of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
"Black holes" in the genomes of bacterial pathogens represent deletions of "anti-virulence" genes, i.e. genes that are detrimental to a pathogenic lifestyle. Identification of the missing genetic loci in the "black hole" identifies genes that are incompatible with the bacteria's pathogenicity. These genes, their gene products, and compounds generated by the enzymatic action of these gene products represent potential new compounds that are inhibitory to the bacterial pathogen and thus useful as pharmaceuticals. The utility of this concept is demonstrated in the missing gene for lysine decarboxylase, and the resulting inhibitory activity of cadaverine (the diaminoalkyl reaction product of lysine decarboxylase) on the Shigella enterotoxins. Diaminoalkyl compounds are therefore potent inhibitors of E. coli and Shigella spp. enterotoxins. Lysine decarboxylase generated from the gene cadA results in attenuation of the enterotoxic effects. New methods of use of diaminoalkyl compounds as medicaments are described. New uses of genetic constructs containing a cadA sequence, or other "anti-virulence" gene, for biochemical probes, for toxin receptor identification, and for pharmaceutical discovery are described. Additional uses are described for vaccines and DNA vaccine delivery.
PURPOSE:To obtain a large amount of the title dyestuff useful for foods and drugs in a short period of time by culturing a dispersed cell to produce a red dyestuff in a liquid medium to produce a red dyestuff and collecting the red dyestuff. CONSTITUTION:Plant tissue of apple, etc., is sterilized, cut into small pieces and cultured in a liquid medium, etc., at a dark place to introduce a callus. Then the callus is cut and separated from the tissue piece and the callus is repeatedly cultured under illumination in the liquid medium having introduced the callus to give a callus to stably produce a red dyestuff. The stably producing strain is repeatedly cultured in a dark place to give dispersed cell lump, which is ground into a uniformly dispersed cell. The cell is subjected to liquid suspension culture in a dark place to give an initial cell. Further the initial cell is cultured under illumination of blue light at 220-500nm in a liquid medium for 3-14 days at 10-30 deg.C to give red to dark red callus. The callus is extracted with preferably 0.05-2wt.% hydrochloric acid-containing methanol to give the aimed dyestuff.
Patients receive nivolumab IV over 30 minutes and ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 28 days for 2 cycles. Starting at least 2 weeks but no longer than 6 weeks after completion of cycle 2 of nivolumab and ipilimumab, patients undergo short-course radiation therapy of 5 fractions daily for 1 week. Patients then continue to receive nivolumab IV over 30 minutes and ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 28 days for 2 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. 8-12 weeks after completion of 4th cycle of nivolumab and ipilimumab, patients undergo TME. Patients also undergo MRI and CT prior to TME and during follow up, and undergo sigmoidoscopy prior to TME.
PURPOSE: To describe the incidence and management of patients who develop a prostatic urethral (PU) urothelial carcinoma recurrence after Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) induction for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of all patients who received BCG induction at our institution from 1996 to 2021 (N = 642) for NMIBC. All patients with pathologically confirmed PU involvement following BCG induction with no known PU involvement pre-BCG were included. We describe the presentation, management, and outcomes for PU recurrence.
RESULTS: Among the 642 patients, 21 (3.3%) patients had a PU recurrence after BCG induction. 8 (38%) patients received >2 cycles of BCG induction prior to the recurrence. Median time from induction to PU recurrence was 21 months and 12 (57.1%) patients had concurrent bladder recurrence. At the time of their PU recurrence, 14/21 (67%) of patients were deemed BCG Unresponsive. Nearly all (18/21) were high grade, and 10 were stage Tis, 7 Ta, and 3 T1, and 1 T2. 19/21 (90%) patients received bladder sparing treatment: 6 with TURBT and BCG, 6 with TURBT and intravesical chemotherapy, 5 with TURBT only, and 2 did not receive immediate treatment of their PU recurrence due to advanced stage of disease. 2/21 (9.5%) received a radical cystectomy for initial treatment of the post-BCG PU recurrence, of which all were >pT2. Median follow-up time from BCG induction to the patient's last visit was 64.5 months. Following treatment of PU recurrence, 15/18 patients had another recurrence at a median of 5 months: about 47% of recurrences were bladder only and 14% recurred only in the PU as well. About 1 patient received a RC after the second recurrence and was pT2.
CONCLUSION: Patients with PU recurrences following intravesical BCG have a high-risk disease phenotype with a significant risk of recurrence. Conservative management may be appropriate for well-selected patients who do not desire a cystoprostatectomy.
Patients receive rituximab IV over 90 minutes on day 1; romidepsin IV over 4 hours on either day 1, days 1 and 8, or days 1, 8, and 15; and lenalidomide PO on days 1-21. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 6 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The present invention concerns a beverage having water and a concentration range of about 0.001 grams per liter to 8.44 grams per liter of collagen, wherein the collagen is hydrolyzed. The collagen concentration range may be between 1 milligram per liter to about 8440 milligram per liter or 1 parts per million to about 8440 parts per million. The hydrolyzed collagen has collagen peptides. The collagen peptides are produced through hydrolysis of a plurality of collagen sources. The plurality of collagen sources are derived from at least one of animal raw materials, animals raised in non-organic or organic farms, animals from various animal species and various parts of the animal carcass. The water may be comprised of at least one of tap water, spring or mineral water, and iceberg or glacier water.
After receiving a standard diet on day 1, subject will fast on days 2, 3, and 4. Water and calorie-fee beverages will be allowed during this 72 hour period.
PURPOSE:An agent for alleviating pigmentation continuously usable for a long period, having high safety, containing ubiquinone-10 as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:The titled agent containing ubiquinone-10 shown by the formula. In remedying pigmentation diseases such as freckle, chloasma, melasma, senile lentigo, pedal-like pigmentation disease, solar keratonosis, nevus pigmentosus, OHTA pigmentosus, etc., internal administration of vitamin C, vitamin E or glutathione and external use of vitamin C, cysteine, etc. are generally used, but they have problems with respect to stability, pungent smell, safety, etc. Coenzyme ubiquinone-10 occurring in organism, considered to take part in electronic transfer system has extremely high safety and high alleviating effects on pigmentation. The concentration of ubiquinone-10 blended is 0.001-20wt%, preferably 0.2-10wt% and ubiquinone-10 is usually used for an agent for alleviating pigmentation diseases.
OBJECTIVES: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on pain, anxiety like behavior, and substance P(SP) /neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) /β -arrestin 1(ARRB1) pathway related protein expression in hippocampus of chronic constriction injury (CCI) rats, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of neuropathic pain.
METHODS: Twenty-seven male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model and EA groups, with 9 rats in each group. The CCI model was established by ligature of the left sciatic nerve. On the 8th day following modeling, EA (2 Hz, 0.5-1.5 mA) was applied to the left "Huantiao" (GB34) and "Yanglingquan" (GB34) for 30 min, once every other day for 13 times. Mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT), thermal paw withdrawal threshold (TWL) and difference of the weight distribution of the hind limbs were detected before operation and at the 5th, 9th, 17th, 25th and 33rd days after operation. Open field test was used to evaluate the anxiety-like behavior of rats. The content of SP in hippocampus was determined by ELISA. The protein expression of NK1R and ARRB1 in hippocampus was detected by Western blot.
RESULTS: Compared with the sham operation group, the MWT and TWL of the left hind limb at the 5th, 9th, 17th, 25th and 33rd days after operation, the time of entering the central area and the total distance of movement, and the content of SP in the hippocampus were significantly decreased (P<0.001, P<0.01), while the difference of the weight distribution of the hind limbs at the 5th, 9th, 17th, 25th and 33rd days after operation and the protein expression of NK1R and ARRB1 were significantly increased (P<0.001, P<0.05) in the model group. After EA intervention, the MWT and TWL of the left hind limb, the time of entering the central area and the total moving distance, and the expression of SP in the hippocampus were significantly increased (P<0.01, P<0.001, P<0.05), while the difference in the weight distribution of the hind limbs was significantly reduced, and the expression of NK1R and ARRB1 protein in the hippocampus were significantly decreased (P<0.001, P<0.05) in the EA group.
CONCLUSIONS: EA can effectively improve the pain and anxiety behaviors in CCI rats, and reverse the abnormal expression of SP, NK1R and ARRB1 proteins in the hippocampus, which may be related to its effects in regulating the SP/NK1R/ARRB1 pathway in the hippocampus.
Recurrent miscarriage (RM), defined as at least two consecutive fetal death or spontaneous abortions before the 20th week gestational age, occurred in about 1% to 5% couples. The causes of RM include uterine factors, endocrine factors, thromobophilic factors, immunologic factors and genetic factors. The hydatidiform mole (HM) can be divided into two separate syndromes: complete mole (CHM) and partial mole (PHM). In the West, CHMs occur in approximately 1 in every 1500 pregnancies. The incidence is higher in Latin America, Southeast Asia and the Middle East. The cause of RM and HM are not known for the vast majority of cases. The NLRP (Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, Leucine rich Repeat and Pyrin domain containing) family, also referred to as NALP family, is well known for its roles in apoptosis and inflammation. Expression studies showed that twelve of the fourteen members of NLRP family express differentially in human oocytes and preimplantation embryonic cells, especially NLRP7, indicating important role of NLRP family in female reproduction. Since 2006, mutations of NLRP7 have been found in women with repeated occurrence of molar pregnancy, repeated stillbirth or early spontaneous abortion. In women who experienced RM/HM, we also found some novel mutations/genetic variants of NLRP7. Taken together, these finding suggest RM and HM may share the same genetic etiology in some cases. In addition, NLRP7 is a strong candidate gene for RM/HM. A recent report showed chaotic cleavage abnormalities of embryos in patients with NLRP7 variants.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid oral preparation improving markedly a holding effect of a stay in oral cavity and prohibiting efficiently the formation of plaque. SOLUTION: This glucanase-blended liquid oral preparation is obtained by blending (A) a cationic polymer and (B) an organic acid or its water soluble salt. As the glucanase, conventionally known ones e.g. dextranase or mutanase are included. As the dextranase, although there is no particular limitation, the dextranases obtained from dextranase producing bacteria belonging to the genus Chaetomium, Streptomyces, Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Celvibrio, etc., by well known methods, and further the dextranases produced from the other microorganisms can be used. As the mutanase, well known ones can be used, e.g. the mutanasees prepared by culturing mutanase producing bacteria such as Pseudomonas s. p., Trichoderma harzianum, Streptmyces werraensis, etc.
The present invention relates to kits and methods for efficiently generating 5' capped RNA having a modified cap nucleotide and for use of such modified-nucleotide-capped RNA molecules. The invention is used to obtain novel compositions of such modified- nucleotide-capped RNA molecules. In particular, the present invention provides kits and methods for capping RNA using a modified cap nucleotide and a capping enzyme system, such as poxvirus capping enzyme. The present invention finds use for in vitro production o 5'-capped RNA having a modified cap nucleotide and for in vitro or in vivo production o polypeptides by in vitro or in vivo translation of such modified-nucleotide-capped RNA for a variety of research, therapeutic, and commercial applications. The invention also provides methods and kits for capturing or isolating uncapped RNA comprising primary RNA transcripts or RNA having a 5'-diphosphate, such as RNA synthesized in vitro or obtained from a biological source, including prokaryotic mRNA that is in a mixture with other prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic nucleic acids. The method for capturing modified-nucleotide- capped RNA also provides methods and kits for obtaining only type-specific or condition- specific modified-nucleotide-capped RNA by cap-dependent subtraction of that portion of the captured modified-nucleotide-capped RNA in cells of one type or condition that is the same as RNA in cells of another type or condition. The invention further provides methods and kits for using a capping enzyme system and modified cap nucleotides for labelin uncapped RNA comprising primary RNA transcripts or RNA having a 5 '-diphosphate with detectable dye or enzyme moieties.
PURPOSE:To improve the resolution in photographing of the soft part tissue by specifying the average gradation and max. density of a characteristic curve at the time of photographing a photosensitive material in which photosensitive silver halide emulsions sensitized by a specific sensitizing dye exists via a green light emitting fluorescent screen. CONSTITUTION:The sensitizing dye expressed by formula I is used. In the formula I, A1 to A4 denote a hydrogen atom, lower alkyl group, etc.; R0 denotes a lower alkyl group, aryl group; D1, D2, denote an oxygen atom, sulfur atom. R1, R2, denote an alkyl group; X1 denotes anion; (n) denotes 1 or 2. Such X-ray images that the average gradation connecting the point adding 0.25 to the min. density of the characteristic curve expressed by the orthogonal coordinates of the optical density and the logarithmic exposure and the point adding likewise 2.0 thereto is made to 2.8 to 3.6, the average gradation connecting the point adding 0.25 to the min. density and the point likewise adding 0.5 thereto is made to >=1.9 and the max. density is made to 2.8 to 3.3 are formed by soft X-rays of 25 to 40kV bulb voltage.
The AML induction regimen combines Idarubicin 12mg/m2/d day 1 to 3 and Cytarabine 0.667g/m2/d CIV day 1 to 3. Based on the phase I dose, in the randomized phase II, the combination will be compared with chemotherapy+placebo. Nintedanib or placebo will be added at day 8 and continued until end of cycle .
BACKGROUND: Paediatric kidney transplant recipients may be at a particular risk of dehydration due to poor kidney concentrating capacity and illness associated with poor fluid intake or losses. In this population, creatinine rise may be more likely with relatively mild dehydration, which may trigger hospital admission. This study describes hospital admissions in the first 12 months after transplantation with diagnosis of graft dysfunction associated with dehydration due to illness or poor fluid intake. We assess risk factors for these admissions.
METHODS: Data was extracted from medical records of patients transplanted in two tertiary children hospitals. Following descriptive analysis, multiple failure regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with admission for acute kidney allograft dysfunction associated with dehydration.
RESULTS: Of 92 children, 42% had at least 1 dehydration admission in the 12 months following transplantation. Almost half of the dehydration admissions were due to poor fluid intake, which accounted for 1/5 of all unplanned hospital admissions. Target fluid intake at first discharge of > 100 ml/kg/day was associated with dehydration admissions of all types (hazard ratio (HR) 2.04 (95% CI 1.13-3.68)). Teen age was associated with poor fluid intake dehydration admissions (HR 4.87 (95% CI 1.19-19.86)), which were more frequent in mid-summer. Use of enteric feeding tube, which correlated with age under 4, associated with contributing illness dehydration admissions (HR 2.18 (95% CI 1.08-4.41)).
CONCLUSIONS: Dehydration admissions in the 12 months following childhood kidney transplantation are common. Highlighted admission risk factors should prompt further study into optimal fluid intake prescription and hydration advice given to children, teenagers, and their carers following kidney transplantation. Use of an enteric feeding tube may not protect patients from admission with dehydration associated with contributing illness. A highger resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
Epilepsy is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders characterized by frequent somatic and psychiatric co-morbidities(1). Accurate diagnosis of epilepsy is challenging because clinicians rarely observe the actual clinical seizure outside of the hospital. Furthermore, psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) can mimic epileptic seizures (ES), leading to erroneous diagnosis and inappropriate treatments. A critical gap in the diagnostic assessment of seizures is a blood test that can distinguish ES from PNES (2). Both diagnoses were confirmed by the gold standard diagnostic method video/electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring (3). Taking all in to account, the notion that neuro-inflammation is the key pathology behind focal epileptic seizure initiation and maintenance and the dynamic and adaptative process of neuro -inflammation is associated with blood-brain-barrier disruption and glial activation is no longer a surprise (4).

Tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) regulates immune responses via apoptosis, with lower levels associated with severe infection, including sepsis (5). Monocyte chemoattractant protein-2 (MCP-2) has been well recognized to participate in immune regulation via binding to chemokine receptors and activation chemotaxis in lymphocytes T, natural killer (NK) cells, and monocytes therefore contributing to the pathogenesis of monocyte-dependent tissue injury (6). Hence, MCP-2 overexpression could result in an increased immune response. Further, since increased levels of MCP-2 have been observed in patients with Alzheimer's disease, this may further support the existence of the biodirections relationship between neurodegeneration and seizures/epilepsy (7).
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer, with 99% of cases linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. It reflects global inequity as its burden is highest in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to determine the HPV vaccination coverage and its determinant factors among young women in the three sub-Saharan African countries. Data from the Demographic and Health Surveys among three sub-Saharan African countries were used for analysis. A total of 4,952 women were included in the study. Stata 14 was used to analyze the data. The determinants of the outcome variable were identified using a multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model. Factors with p-values < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval were declared statistically significant. About 7.5% young women were vaccinated for HPV vaccine against cervical cancer in the current study. Younger age, use of internet, rich economic class, and individual-level media exposure were found to be favorable conditions, whereas being employed was negatively associated with HPV vaccination. Only few segments of young women in these three countries got HPV vaccination. The authors recommend that increasing internet use, media exposure, and economic level of young women will increase the HPV vaccination rates. Furthermore, creating awareness among employed women will also increase the possibility of HPV vaccination.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The primary goal of this review article was to determine whether the three RAAS-associated SNPs, Renin-rs16853055, AGT-rs3789678 and ACE-rs4305 are genetically linked to the development of hypertension in preeclampsia. The secondary goal was to establish if there was a link between these SNPs and HIV infection.
RECENT FINDINGS: There is a paucity of findings related to the aforementioned SNPs and preeclampsia. There are no recent findings on the rs16853055 renin polymorphism. The rs3789678 angiotensinogen polymorphism correlated significantly with gestational hypertension. The rs4305 ACE polymorphism showed no significant association with the development of pregnancy-induced hypertension. There are conflicting findings when determining the relationship between ethnicity and the predisposition of preeclampsia and hypertension in relation to the discussed RAAS-associated SNPs. To date, the association between RAAS-associated SNPs and preeclamptic women co-morbid with HIV in South Africa has revealed that certain alleles of the AGT gene are more prominent in HIV-infected PE compared to normotensive pregnant HIV-infected women.