anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently, safely and inexpensively dissolve carbon dioxide, which is generated from a carbon dioxide generating bath agent, into bathtub water.  <P>SOLUTION: A carbon dioxide diffusing apparatus includes a carbon dioxide bath agent dissolving part 2; and a carbon dioxide diffusing device part 1 having micropores. The bubble of the carbon dioxide is made to be very small by the micropores 3 arranged between the dissolving part 2 and the diffusing device part 1 and the micropores 4 arranged in the diffusing apparatus part. Then the bubble of the carbon dioxide is made to be very small. The area where the carbon dioxide contacts the bathtub water is drastically enlarged and contact time is prolonged. The device is stably arranged in the bathtub so as to prevent floating-up owing to the circumferential bubbles of the bath agent and to allow the bath agent to continuously diffuse the carbon dioxide to the end. Accordingly, the carbon dioxide is efficiently dissolved in the bathtub water. When different bath agents such as herbs or emulsifiers are set, pleasure in bathing is increased. When pressure is increased by the generation of the carbon dioxide, excessive gas is discharged from a bathtub water intake hole 5 so as to avoid danger.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Enteral feeds will continue to be given prior, during and after the packed red cell transfusion, in the manner in which they were being given prior to the decision to transfuse. Infants will remain allocated to the same care pathway until 34(+6) weeks(+days) gestational age.
TAK-659 immediate-release tablet, at the MTD/maximally administered dose (MAD)/RP2D determined from Dose Escalation Phase, orally, once daily on Days 1 to 21 along with bendamustine 90 mg/m\^2, infusion, intravenously, over 10 or 60 minutes on Days 1 and 2 along with rituximab 375 mg/m\^2, infusion, intravenously, on Day 1 in a 21-day treatment cycle, for up to 8 cycles in participants (who were to be entered in Phase 2) with advanced FL or MZL. Treatment could then be continued until they experienced PD or unacceptable toxicities or up to 12 cycles in participants who were to be enrolled in the Safety Expansion Phase Cohort.
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a heterogeneous disease with a rising incidence worldwide. The understanding of its molecular pathways has evolved substantially since The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) stratified endometrial cancer into four subgroups regarding molecular features: POLE ultra-mutated, microsatellite instability (MSI) hypermutated, copy-number high with TP53 mutations, and copy-number low with microsatellite stability, also known as nonspecific molecular subtype (NSMP). More recently, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) updated their staging classification to include information about POLE mutation and p53 status, as the prognosis differs according to these characteristics. Other biomarkers are being identified and their prognostic and predictive role in response to therapies are being evaluated. However, the incorporation of molecular aspects into treatment decision-making is challenging. This review explores the available data and future directions on tailoring treatment based on molecular subtypes, alongside the challenges associated with their testing.
Patients Not Currently on Tramadol Immediate-Release Products

For patients not currently treated with tramadol immediate-release (IR) products, tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets should be initiated at a dose of 100 mg once daily and titrated up as necessary by 100 mg increments every five days to relief of pain and depending upon tolerability. Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets should not be administered at a dose exceeding 300 mg per day.

Patients Currently on Tramadol Immediate-Release Products

For patients maintained on tramadol IR products, calculate the 24-hour tramadol immediate-release (IR) dose and initiate a total daily dose of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets rounded down to the next lowest 100 mg increment. The dose may subsequently be individualized according to patient need. Due to limitations in flexibility of dose selection with tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets, some patients maintained on tramadol IR products may not be able to convert to tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets. Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets should not be administered at a dose exceeding 300 mg per day. The concomitant use of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets with other tramadol products is not recommended (see WARNINGS).
The invention relates to a method of obtaining extracts of genins and sapogenins, comprising the enzymatic hydrolysis of derivatives of seeds of the sapodilla family, genera Calocarpum, Chrysophyllum and Lucuma. According to the invention, the enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis is a ß-exo-glucosidase of plant or microbial origin. The seed derivatives (grains free from pericarp) can be cyanogenic glycoside, lucumin and related glycosides. The invention also relates to a method of producing said glycosides from seeds and to the use thereof in cosmetic and dermatological compositions as well as in the production of genins and sapogenins. The genin extracts thus obtained are used in topical compositions in order to promote the opening of pores and epithelial penetration. The sapogenin extracts thus obtained are used in topical compositions as an astringent and exfoliant in order to promote skin renewal and hair growth, by slowing down hair loss, and in order to combat cutaneous ageing, owing to the bacteriostatic and fungistatic activity thereof.
Staff of the Neurosurgical ward is asked to report to the study coordinator all patients who are hospitalized due to a suspected brain injury. After an informed consent is received, the patient has been enrolled in the study and sample collection can be started. Plasma samples are taken by the TYKSlab personnel, and the other samples by the nurses in the Neurosurgical ward. The sampling will be organized so that all the samples from a patient are preferably collected at one event. Samples will stored in the TYKSlab at the temperature of -70 °C. Collection of a sufficient number of samples (patients) will take a few months, and subsequent analysis by the Sponsor a few months. All the activities will be done during the years 2016 to 2017.

When the samples of 24 subjects have been collected, they will be transferred to the Sponsor who will ship them further to the sub-contractors. The results received from the research laboratories will be evaluated by the scientist team at Medicortex Finland Oy. The results will be published in a scientific journal, when considered to be of high enough quality and impact.
Laboratory tests have shown that ddC is effective in stopping the growth of the HIV in test tubes. The study will reveal the pharmacokinetic (blood levels) properties of this new drug and how long the drug remains in the body at each of six doses. This should be useful background information and should allow a simple and efficient comparative study of any new oral formulation, such as a tablet or capsule, since dose-related problems will already be known.

Patients are hospitalized and receive ddC twice, once by mouth and once by IV injection. Each patient receives the drug at one of six increasing doses, and no patient is studied at more than one dose level. Following each dose, toxicity is measured before the next higher dose is given. Several blood samples and urine specimens are taken to permit measurement of the amount of drug in the bloodstream and of the speed with which it is eliminated from the body.
The present disclosure provides activatable and detectable membrane-interacting peptides that, following activation, can interact with phospholipid bilayers, such as cell membranes. The present disclosure also provides methods of use of such compounds. The compounds of the present disclosure are of the general structure X1a-A-X2—Z—X1b, where A is a membrane-interacting peptide region having a plurality of nonpolar hydrophobic amino acid residues that, following separation from portions Z, is capable of interaction with a phospholipid bilayer; Z is an inhibitory peptide region that can inhibit the activity of portion A; X2 is a cleavable linker that can be cleaved to release cleavage products from the compound; and X1a and X1b are optionally-present chemical handles that facilitate conjugation of various cargo moieties to the compound. Prior to cleavage of the composition at X2, the composition acts as a promolecule that does not associate with cellular membranes to a significant or detectable level. Following cleavage at cleavable linker X2, the cleavage product including portion A is free to interact with a phospholipid bilayer (e.g., a cell membrane), and thus accumulate at a site associated with a cleavage-promoting environment. Detection of the membrane-associated cleavage product can be accomplished by detection of a moiety attached through X1a and/or X1b. Such compositions can be used in a variety of methods, including, for example, use in directly imaging active clotting within a subject.
Internal herniation is an extremely rare cause of intestinal obstruction. Paraduodenal hernias result from abnormal rotation of the bowel. Symptoms that may range from recurrent abdominal pain to acute obstruction may occur. If it is not diagnosed and treated in time, the disease may result in intestinal ischemia. This article aimed to present the diagnosis and treatment process of a 47-year-old male presenting with acute abdomen symptoms by evaluating retrospectively with the accompaniment of literature. During the abdominal exploration of the patient, nearly all of the intestines were observed to be herniated from the right paraduodenal region to the posterior area. The opening of the hernial sac was repaired primarily by reducing the intestinal bowel loops into the intraperitoneal region. The patient undergoing anastomosis by performing resection of the ischemic part after reduction of herniated bowel loops was discharged uneventfully on the post-operative 10th day. Paraduodenal hernia is a condition that should be considered in patients with abdominal pain and intestinal obstruction symptoms. Early diagnosis is of vital importance to prevent the complications which can develop.
This condition will involve a presentation of descriptive data based on the soldiers' tests scores and an opportunity to ask any follow-up questions. This process is a component of some behavioral change interventions (e.g., motivational interviewing); therefore this should be a more useful control condition (mirroring parts 1 and 2 of the active condition) versus a more passive or waitlist control condition. Participants in the control condition will also be given standard referral information to the USM Psychology Clinic (mirroring part 3 of the active condition).
This is a pilot study of testing the feasibility of the interventions being implemented in our main trial in local settings. Adults newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes without receiving any anti-diabetic medication in Hong Kong are randomised to compare the effectiveness of financial and social incentives against a control group receiving standard care. The investigators follow participants for 9-months (6-month intervention period and a 3-month post-intervention follow-up period) to assess glycemic control and other health indicators. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups (in ratio 3:1): arm A (financial and social incentives in addition to standard care), and arm B (control arm receiving standard care). Financial incentives will be framed around loss aversion and the endowment effect. Social incentives will include peer competition, and social support. Financial and social incentives are to encourage increased physical activity and participants will use a pedometer to track activity. Participants are followed for an additional 3-months after the cessation of incentives to assess the sustainability of lifestyle changes.
OBJECTIVE: Carotid artery injury is a rare, but major complication of endonasal operations. The morbidity and mortality of such a complication can be mitigated by preparedness and a clear plan set in place to address the hemorrhage expeditiously. This study examines the implementation of such a carotid injury timeout checklist and demonstrates its effectiveness in a patient with possible arterial injury.
METHODS: A carotid injury timeout checklist was implemented for high risk endonasal procedures. The case selection was left to the surgeon, with guidelines including prior surgery, prior radiation, invasive tumors, and certain pathologies such as meningioma or chordoma. Factors affecting implementation were analyzed including tumor characteristics and patient history.
RESULTS: Over a 12-month period, 103 endonasal operations were performed since the carotid artery injury timeout checklist was implemented, with 21 (20.4%) having a carotid artery injury timeout performed. Tumor characteristics that were associated with performing this timeout included Knosp grade (for pituitary adenomas, p = 0.002), carotid artery encasement (p < 0.001), extended approach (p < 0.001), tumor size (p = 0.05) and diagnosis (p < 0.001). Re-operation and prior radiation were not factors for this cohort. The single carotid artery branch (hypertrophic vidian artery) injury that was sustained was easily and successfully managed, aided by preparation established via this protocol. The additional time necessary for this timeout to be performed was negligible with respect to the overall surgery length.
CONCLUSION: A carotid artery injury timeout can and should be successfully implemented for extended endonasal operations for pituitary and parasellar tumors with high risk factors including, but not limited to, carotid injury encasement, large tumor size and non-adenomatous diagnoses. A comprehensive plan for both intraoperative and perioperative management of the carotid injury is necessary to minimize the risk of morbidity and to deliver care expeditiously.
TB is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It typically affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can also affect other sites (extrapulmonary TB). The disease is spread when people who are sick with pulmonary TB expel bacteria into the air, for example by coughing. Overall, a relatively small proportion (5-15%) of the estimated 1.7 billion people infected with M. tuberculosis will develop TB disease (active disease) during their lifetime. However, the probability of developing TB disease is much higher among people infected with HIV, and also higher among people affected by risk factors such as under-nutrition, diabetes, smoking and alcohol consumption. Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is defined as a state of persistent immune response to stimulation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens with no evidence of clinically manifest active TB. As there is no "gold standard" test for LTBI, the global burden is not known with certainty; however, up to one third of the world's population is estimated to be infected with M. tuberculosis , and the vast majority have no signs or symptoms of TB disease and are not infectious, although they are at risk for active TB disease and for becoming infectious. Several studies have shown that, on average, 5-10% of those infected will develop active TB disease over the course of their lives, usually within the first 5 years after initial infection . The risk for active TB disease after infection depends on several factors, the most important being immunological status
No intervention during 6 weeks, testing directly before and after the waiting period. After the waiting period the participants receives the same intervention as the direct intervention arm.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject medicine capable of treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by formulating methylcobalamin. SOLUTION: This medicine is a vitamin B12 analog and contains methylcobalamin of the formula, C63 H91 CoN13 O14 P, as an active ingredient. One ampoule of this medicine contains a solution in which 15-51mg of methylcobalamin is dissolved in 1-4ml of ethanol, physical saline or buffer solution. When administrated, the above therapeutic agent containing 15-50mg of methylcobalamin is intramuscularly or intravenously injected at a dose of 0.3-1.0mg/kg once a day as body weight of 50kg. By this process, the improvement of subjective symptom is observed at 2-4 weeks after beginning of administration and also the improvement of remarkable amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, e.g. the significant increase of the amplitude of action potential of composite muscle in the nerve conduction velocity test on both side median nerves, ulnar nerves and peroneal nerves, is observed as objective findings.  The side effect is not almost observed.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine for treating depression. The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine for treating depression, which consists of the following 2 groups of raw material medicines. Group 1: codonopsis pilosula, rhizoma atractylodis, angelica sinensis, liquorice, asarum, fructus gleditsiae, radix aconiti agrestis, rhizoma arisaematis, rhizoma sparganii, curcuma zedoary, rhizoma zingiberis, galangal, cistanche, radix curcumae, rheum officinale, mirabilite and scutellaria baicalensis. Group 2: codonopsis pilosula, bighead atractylodes rhizome, poria cocos, liquorice, pinellia ternate, dried orange peel, dried ginger, cooked monkshood, fructus evodiae, radix ophiopogonis, schisandra chinensis, areca seeds, angelica sinensis, cistanche, cinnamon and rheum officinale. The above 2 groups of medicines are decocted alternately on odd-even days. The traditional Chinese medicine can treat 30 cases of depression patients, the cure rate is 86.7%, and the effective rate is 100%.
Objective. We investigated the preliminary efficacy of a tailored human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination on-line intervention designed to increase HPV vaccination intention. Participants. Female college students (N = 101; 18-26 years), who have not received the HPV vaccine. Methods. Participants were randomized to either a control group to read standard Center for Disease Control information or a narrative intervention group to read two narrative messages about HPV/HPV vaccination that were tailored based on the individual's sexual history and told from the perspectives from a peer and an expert. Participants were assessed at baseline (T1) and immediately after the intervention (T2). Results. The narrative intervention group reported a greater increase from T1 to T2 in vaccination intention compared with control group. Both groups reported increases in knowledge, positive attitude, self-efficacy, social norm, and perceived susceptibility to HPV from T1 to T2. Conclusions. A narrative intervention is promising to effectively increase HPV vaccination intention.
The participants in the comparison Group will receive standard care which means that they receives one visit from physiotherapist where the participant receive general advice about physical activity with the goal to be physically active at least 30 minutes per day at 5 of 7 days per week. During intervention week 1-8 and 10 the participants receive telephone calls once a week where they will be reminded to follow the advice about physical activity.
Consecutive women in the age range 20 to 40 years, with a strong family history of breast cancer or a predisposing gene mutation such as BRCA1 or BRCA2, referring to our department for breast evaluation with ultrasound, will be invited to participate to the study. During the interview, before imaging examination, women will be questioned about family history as well as other relevant personal information (e.g. previous surgery or biopsy for benign breast disease).
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, with an estimated 1.5 million American sustaining a TBI and 50,000 people dying from a TBI each year. While the immediate, or primary, injury causes significant damage, secondary injury is caused by cerebral edema, increased intracranial pressure, and resultant hypoperfusion and ischemia. Elevated intracranial pressure is strongly associated with poor recovery and death; failure to control intracranial pressure is likewise associated with poor outcomes and mortality.

Early detection of elevated ICP allows for the initiation of early therapy. However, patients with significant head injuries are often intubated for airway protection. The sedation required for intubation obscures the ED neurologic exam. Precise measurement of elevated ICP has required invasive monitoring via ventriculostomy. Yet this method is only provided at set institutions with neurosurgical services. Further there are distinct time delays between the trauma occurrence, transportation to a facility with neurosurgical services and placement of ventriculostomies. There is at the forefront, then, to establish non-invasive measures of ICP that are both time efficient and reliable.

Previous studies, including a pilot study conducted at this institution, showed a correlation between intraocular and intracranial pressure. However, this relationship has not been tested in an acute care trauma setting. We propose an observational cohort study of critically injured trauma patients with suspected closed head injury. Patients requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation pose a significant challenge to assess neurologically, as they are almost always sedated and often chemically paralyzed to facilitate airway management. Therefore, it is in this population of intubated trauma patients with suspected head injury that we will evaluate the use of tonometry to predict intracranial pressure from intraocular pressure.
Neonatal intubation is a technically difficult, but essential, skill to learn, involving passing a plastic tube through the vocal cords, into the trachea. Current practice involves using a laryngoscope to directly visualise the cords, however this technique does not allow the supervisor to witness the tube passing through the cords. Video laryngoscopes have a camera at the distal end of the blade, allowing an 85% viewing angle as opposed to 15% that is seen with direct view. In addition, the image is projected onto a screen, allowing all members of the team to visualise the intubation and therefore provide real time guidance as well as increased confidence in the outcome of the attempt. Video laryngoscopes are used in neonates in other specialities, for example Ear Nose and throat or respiratory physicians, and are becoming routinely used by neonatologists. The research questions are whether using a video laryngoscope will lead to decreased attempts, which in turn will potentially result in more successful intubations and greater confidence in the supervisor and the team that a successful intubation has been performed.

The aim is to recruit 40 babies and randomly allocate the participant to either direct laryngoscopy or video laryngoscopy for elective intubations. Number of attempts to successful intubation would be recorded, in addition to confidence of supervisor and the team regarding the outcome of the attempt.