anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Although pharmacotherapy and behavioral treatments have been approved for AUD, their effects sizes are modest. Noninvasive neuromodulation like Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can offer an alternative treatment option for AUD. TMS is a method of noninvasive neuromodulation that utilizes a magnetic field to focal electrical current in the brain. When these electrical currents are focused on specific brain regions, pertinent to the neurobiology of AUD it leads to modulation of behavior and plausibly decrease in alcohol craving and use. Previous TMS studies have used heterogenous parameters, including frequencies ranging from 1 Hz to 20 Hz. Regions targeted by these studies encompassed ventromedial prefrontal cortex, left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (left dlPFC) and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Two studies used a TMS paradigm with greater efficiency than other routine TMS paradigms, called continuous theta burst stimulation. These studies delivered 3600 pulses of cTBS to the left frontal pole/ventromedial prefrontal cortex and showed significant reduction in alcohol cue reactivity and corroborative changes in both resting state and task based functional connectivity. Of these two studies, one was notable in comparing active cTBS (3600 pulses per session, one session every day for ten days over two weeks) versus sham cTBS. A deep TMS (dTMS) study that compared dTMS (15 sessions, five sessions every week for three weeks) to sham dTMS using an H7 coil (targeting medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices). This study showed decreased craving after treatment and percentage of heavy drinking days in the active versus sham control group. Active dTMS was associated with decreased resting-state functional connectivity of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex with the caudate nucleus and decreased connectivity of the medial prefrontal cortex to the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex. No study has done multiple sessions of cTBS in a single day. In addition, no study has previously delivered cTBS to the left dlPFC, to modulate alcohol craving and alcohol cue based attentional bias.
The suppression of ferroptosis is emerging as a promising therapeutic strategy for effectively treating a wide range of diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, organ ischemia-reperfusion injury, and inflammatory conditions. However, the clinical utility of ferroptosis inhibitors is significantly impeded by the limited availability of rational drug designs. In our previous study, we successfully unraveled the efficacy of ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) attributed to the synergistic effect of its ortho-diamine (-NH) moiety. In this study, we present the discovery of the ortho-hydroxyl-amino moiety as a novel scaffold for ferroptosis inhibitors, employing quantum chemistry as well as in vitro and in vivo assays. 2-amino-6-methylphenol derivatives demonstrated remarkable inhibition of RSL3-induced ferroptosis, exhibiting EC50 values ranging from 25 nM to 207 nM. These compounds do not appear to modulate iron homeostasis or lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation pathways. Nevertheless, they effectively prevent the accumulation of lipid peroxides in living cells. Furthermore, compound 13 exhibits good in vivo activities as it effectively protect mice from kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury. In summary, compound 13 has been identified as a potent ferroptosis inhibitor, warranting further investigation as a promising lead compound.
Achilles tendon ruptures are common injuries typically sustained during sport with higher incidence in men, though little is understood regarding sex-specific risk factors or outcomes following injury management. This cross-sectional clinical study and systematic review aimed to examine sex-specific Achilles tendon rupture incidence and outcomes following intervention. This study included patients who sustained a rupture between 2011-2021, were ≥18 years old, and who had a minimum follow-up of at least six months, and evaluated age, sex, sport involvement, mechanism of injury, and postoperative complications and revision. Separately, a systematic literature review in the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases was performed. A total of 705 male and 158 female patients were included in this retrospective study. 71.1% of men and 52.5% of women sustained a sports-related rupture (p < .001), with sport involvement demonstrating a positive correlation with revision rate (coefficient = 0.09, p = .02). A total of 21 studies with 250,907 patients (87,514 male, 35,792 female) were included in the systematic review. All studies revealed an increased incidence of ATR in men. Functional outcomes were worse in women, and female sex was an independent risk factor for postoperative complications and need for revision surgery. This study demonstrated a higher incidence of sports-related ATR in men than women, likely related to their higher ball sport participation. Although the retrospective analysis did not find a significant difference in complication or revision rates, the systematic review demonstrates poorer functional outcomes, with increased likelihood for postoperative complication and revision surgery in women as compared to men.
Following the development of a validated preoperative educational Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) for parents, a randomized clinical trial, with a pre-test-post-test control group, was conducted on 123 French or English speaking parent-child dyads whose child was aged from 3 to 10 years and underwent an ear-nose-throat (ENT) or dental same day surgery at a Canadian pediatric hospital. The parents in the control group received the standard preoperative preparation (verbal and written information about hospital procedures and the hospital's surgical virtual tour). The parents in the experimental group viewed the DVD and received the standard preoperative preparation. Parents and children were videotaped in the recovery room; parental participation and children's distress were measured using observational scales. A validated multiple choice questionnaire was used to measure parents' knowledge acquisition, whereas a visual analogue scale allowed parents to report their anxiety level prior to, during and after their stay in the recovery room. A chart review was conducted to collect data on children's postoperative pain, analgesic requirements and length of recovery. In order to assess the effect of the DVD on parents and their child, T-test, chi-square analyses and repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted among 105 dyads.
PCT No. PCT/US94/00443 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 30, 1993 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 30, 1993 PCT Filed Jan. 26, 1994 PCT Pub. No. WO94/25001 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 10, 1994There is disclosed various terpene based cleansing formulations for skin. The cleaning formulations include the ingredients of water in which there is dispersed a terpene, nonionic surfactants, corn meal scrubber and preservatives including antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. In one aspect of the invention the skin cleansing formulations include orange terpenes as the solvent. The nonionic surfactants present in the formulation provide stabilization of the terpene/water mixture, do not soften or otherwise attack the corn meal, and provide detergency for suspending the lifted soil.
If the subject is a not a responder in the open-label period 1 but tolerated Fasudil 90 mg/day, they will be escalated to Fasudil 180 mg/day (open-label period 2) for 42 days. If the subject is a responder to Fasudil 180 mg/day, they are randomized to either Fasudil 180 mg/day for 42 days or a placebo (double-blind period 1), then crossover to the other arm for 6 weeks (double-blind period 2).
The unavoidable residual tumor tissue from surgery and the strong aggressiveness of tumor cells pose challenges to the postoperative treatment of tumor patients, accompanied by in situ tumor recurrence and decreased quality of life. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore appropriate postoperative therapeutic strategies to remove residual tumor cells after surgery to inhibit tumor recurrence and metastasis after surgery. In recent years, with the rapid development of biomedical materials, the study of local delivery systems as postoperative delivery of therapeutic agents has gradually attracted the attention of researchers. Injectable in situ-forming hydrogel is a locally administered agent injected in situ as a solution that can be loaded with various therapeutic agents and rapidly gels to form a semi-solid gel at the treatment site. This type of hydrogel tightly fills the surgical site and covers irregular excision surfaces. In this paper, we review the recent advances in the application of injectable in situ-forming hydrogels in postoperative therapy, focusing on the matrix materials of this type of hydrogel and its application in the postoperative treatment of different types of tumors, as well as discussing the challenges and prospects of its clinical application.
BACKGROUND: Respiratory microbiome studies have improved our understanding of the various phenotypes and endotypes in heterogeneous asthma. However, the relationship between the respiratory microbiome and clinical phenotypes in children with asthma remains unclear. We aimed to identify microbiome-driven clusters reflecting the clinical features of asthma and their dominant microbiotas in children with asthma.
METHODS: Induced sputum was collected from children with asthma, and microbiome profiles were generated via sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Cluster analysis was performed using the partitioning around medoid clustering method. The dominant microbiota in each cluster was determined using linear discriminant effect size analysis. Each cluster was analyzed to identify associations between the dominant microbiota, clinical phenotype, and inflammatory cytokines.
RESULTS: We evaluated 83 children diagnosed with asthma. Among 4 clusters reflecting the clinical characteristics of asthma, cluster 1, dominated by the genera Haemophilus and Neisseria, demonstrated lower postbronchodilator (BD) forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) than the other clusters and more mixed granulocytic asthma. Neisseria correlated negatively with pre-BD and post-BD FEV1/FVC. Haemophilus and Neisseria correlated positively with programmed death-ligand (PD-L) 1.
CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this study is the first to analyze the relationship between an unbiased microbiome-driven cluster and clinical phenotype in children with asthma. The cluster dominated by Haemophilus and Neisseria was characterized by fixed airflow obstruction and mixed granulocytic asthma, which correlated with PD-L1 levels. Thus, unbiased microbiome-driven clustering can help identify new asthma phenotypes related to endotypes in childhood asthma.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject new derivative composed of a cinnamic acid ester of an alkyl glycoside, having high absorptivity of ultraviolet rays of UV-B region and useful e.g. as an ultraviolet absorber and a preparation for external use for skin compounded with the agent and exhibiting antisuntan effect. SOLUTION: This new cinnamic acid derivative is expressed by formula I (A is a residue obtained by removing (n) hydroxyl groups from an alkyl glycoside having a 1-20C alkyl group; X is H, OH, methylene oxide group, a 1-20C hydrocarbon group or a 1-20C alkoxy; (a) is an integer of 1-5; (n) is an integer). The derivative is an excellent ultraviolet absorber having high absorptivity of ultraviolet rays of UV-B region. A preparation for external use for skin compounded with the ultraviolet absorber has excellent antisuntan effect and high heat-stability and is useful e.g. as an ultraviolet absorber frequently used in summer season. The compound can be produced by reacting a cinnamic acid derivative of formula II (R is a lower alkyl) (e.g. methyl p- methoxycinnamate) with an alkyl glycoside (e.g. α-methylglucose) in the presence of a base.
People who are diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are asked to participate in this study. The subject must be treated at the Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease. Subjects, if consented, are required to perform tests so that research data can be collected. At the initial visit, patients are subject to having a blood draw, pulmonary function testing, echocardiograms, and CT scans as well as completing several questionnaires designed to measure how the patient is feeling. Follow up visits are then scheduled in 3-4 month intervals. Every 3-4 months blood samples will be collected while every 6-8 months the questionnaires will administered. If the patient enters a stage of accelerated decline in lung function, a bronchoscopy will be performed to collect residual bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for testing. All of the results of clinical and laboratory testing will be placed into the subjects research file.
This is a clinical research study, characterized by a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Background: Vitamin D replacement could aid in the osseointegration of dental implants. Objective: to evaluate the effect of vitamin D replacement on osseointegration of dental implants in humans. Materials and methods: Twenty individuals with hypovitaminosis D underwent dental miniimplants and randomized to two equal groups for treatment with vitamin D (5000 IU / day) or placebo for 2 months. After two months, the miniimplants will be removed and prepared for histomorphometric analysis, which will evaluate bone implant contact in percentage. Testing the hypothesis that the contact between bone and implant and the bone density in the threaded area in the test group is higher than in the control group. Test t will be used to compare the differences between the groups.
The FES-BPET/DBT imaging session will include an injection of approximately 6 mCi (expected range of injected dose is 3-7 mCi) FES. Pilot data will be collected to evaluate image quality of FES-BPET/DBT in primary breast cancer. Size and focality of breast cancer extent as measured by FES-BPET/DBT will be compared to disease extent on standard breast imaging modalities. FES uptake on BPET/DBT, as measured by SUV, will be compared to ER expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on biopsy specimens. In addition, all subjects in this study will be recruited to the open ended Penn protocol titled 'Evaluation of Long-Axial Field-of-View Positron Emission Tomography Scanner,' IRB #843546. In those subjects who consent to this proposed study as well as #843546, assessment of disease extent on FES-BPET/DBT will be compared to that on whole body PET. Of note, those subjects who also consent to #843546 will not undergo any additional injected dose of FES radiotracer. This preliminary study seeks to evaluate FES-BPET/DBT as a preoperative imaging assay of ER-positive breast cancer disease extent within the breast.
The current invention features methods for reliably and controllably separating immunoglobulin half antibodies from immunoglobulin whole antibodies, as well as purified immunoglobulin half antibody preparations and purified immunoglobulin whole antibody preparations while preserving biological activity. These dissociated half antibodies can be chromatographically separated from whole antibodies. There are four known subclasses of IgG molecules: IgG1; IgG2; IgG3; and IgG4. IgG4 molecules differ from the other IgG isotypes in that the disulfide bonds that link the two heavy chain subunits together do not always form. Due to the non-covalent interactions that hold the heavy chain subunits together, the heterogeneity of IgG4 molecules is not apparent following gel filtration of purified IgG4 protein. However, when purified IgG4 protein is separated by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) under non-reducing conditions, two distinct protein species can be identified - whole antibody and "half-antibodies".
The invention provides methods for making silicone structures, drug delivery devices and active pharmaceutical agent delivery systems and medical devices containing one or more active pharmaceutical ingredients. The invention provides silicone structures, drug delivery devices and active pharmaceutical agent delivery systems containing one or more active pharmaceutical ingredients. The silicones used in the invention are foaming silicones, which generate void-forming gases which completely volatilize during curing. The silicone structures, drug delivery devices and active pharmaceutical agent delivery systems can be of any shape or size, and are porous, and are capable of being loaded with high doses of the desired drug or drugs. The active pharmaceutical ingredients can be incorporated into the silicone prior to curing, or subsequent to curing, via a soaking process. Additionally, the rate of drug release from the silicone structures, drug delivery devices and active pharmaceutical agent delivery systems of the invention can be controlled by a post-curing membrane or sheath surrounding the structures. Further provided are methods of treating disease in mammals, preventing the onset of disease in mammals and lessening the severity of disease in mammals, by implanting one or more structures, drug delivery devices and active pharmaceutical agent delivery systems into the mammal.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to development of a novel galenic preparation as analgetic, antiallergic and immunomodulating agent. Invention proposes milfoil viscous extract by exhausting extraction of common milfoil herb with acetone followed by distillation off of solvent. Common milfoil viscous extract shows direct analgetic effect by test "acetic spasms". Use of said agent results to decrease of pains, recovery of inflammatory infiltrate in burns, furuncles and cuts. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of agent, valuable medicinal properties. 3 tbl
The invention provides a preparation method for a copper complex of a glycine-salicylaldehyde Schiff base. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: dissolving 0.1 mol of glycine and 0.1 mol of potassium hydroxide into 50 to 70 milliliters of methanol; adding 30 to 35 milliliters of 0.1 mol methanol solution of salicylaldehyde dropwise with stirring; reacting for 3 hours with stirring; cooling and filtering; and concentrating to obtain crystal glycine-salicylaldehyde Schiff base; dissolving the crystal into a proper amount of methanol; adding equal mol of saturated methanol solution of copper acetate dropwise with stirring; reacting for 2 to 3 hours with stirring to obtain the copper complex; and washing the precipitate with 95 percent ethanol twice and washing the precipitate with diethyl ether once to obtain the finished product. The LD50 of the complex is 1,135.0 to 1,424.9; and the complex has no toxicity, no residues and no adverse effect. The complex has high inhibition effect on staphylococcus aureus and typhoid bacillus. The inhibition effect on Gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus) is obviously stronger than that on Gram-negative bacteria. After broilers are fed with the complex in the dose of 100 mg/Kg, the daily gain is averagely increased by 23 percent.
BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with systemic consequences that can cause a muscle loss phenotype (MLP), which is characterized by the loss of muscle mass, muscle strength, or loss of both muscle and fat mass. There are limited data comparing the individual traits of MLP with clinical outcomes in a large unbiased cohort of COPD patients. Our aim was to determine the proportion of patients who met criteria for MLP in an unbiased sample of COPD patients at the population-level. We also determined if specific MLP features were associated with all-cause and COPD-related mortality.
METHODS: A retrospective population-based cohort analysis of the UK Biobank was performed. COPD was defined by a FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.7, physician established diagnosis of COPD, or those with a COPD-related hospitalization before baseline assessment. MLP included one or more of the following: 1) Low fat-free mass index (FFMI) on bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) or 2) Appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) on BIA, 3) Low muscle strength defined by handgrip strength (HGS), or 4) Low muscle and fat mass based on body mass index (BMI). Cox regression was used to determine the association between MLP and all-cause or COPD-related mortality. All models were adjusted for sex, age at assessment, ethnicity, BMI, alcohol use, smoking status, prior cancer diagnosis and FEV1/FVC ratio.
RESULTS: There were 55,782 subjects (56% male) with COPD followed for a median of 70.1 months with a mean(± SD) age at assessment of 59 ± 7.5 years, and FEV1% of 79.2 ± 18.5. Most subjects had mild (50.4%) or moderate (42.8%) COPD. Many patients had evidence of a MLP, which was present in 53.4% of COPD patients (34% by ASMI, 26% by HGS). Of the 5,608 deaths in patients diagnosed with COPD, 907 were COPD-related. After multivariate adjustment, COPD subjects with MLP had a 30% higher hazard-ratio for all-cause death and 70% higher hazard-ratio for COPD-related death.
CONCLUSIONS: Evidence of MLP is common in a large population-based cohort of COPD and is associated with higher risk for all-cause and COPD-related mortality.
The study team will conduct a two-group randomized controlled trial in primary care clinical settings at two healthcare institutions among 450 Hispanic adults with poorly controlled T2D (hemoglobin A1c≥8%). The intervention group will view the 12-minute digital storytelling video. Both the intervention and comparison groups will receive diabetes education and resource cards, as well as usual clinical care. The primary outcome will be glycemic control as measured by hemoglobin A1c 3 months after intervention delivery. Secondary outcomes will include diabetes self-management behaviors, blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol, and body mass index. The impact of concomitant covariates, including sex, age, and socio-economic status, on the sensitivity of the intervention effect will also be explored.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a pharmaceutical antitumor composition having an improved intrarectal absorption of uracil, having an improved intrarectal absorption of the entire agent and accordingly enabling the intrarectal administration by compounding a fluoride pyrimidine compound having antitumor activity with a lyophilized uracil. SOLUTION: This pharmaceutical antitumor composition is obtained by compounding (A) a fluoride pyrimidine compound having antitumor activity with (B) a lyophilized material of an uracil solution. For example, tegafur, i.e., 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil is cited as the component A. The component B is preferably obtained by instantaneously freezing a hot saturated aqueous solution of uracil at >=70 deg.C. Concretely, e.g. a hot saturated solution of uracil is poured into a container dipped in a cooling medium such as dry ice- acetone or liquid nitrogen, and the container is slowly swirled in the cooling medium to freeze the solution so as to stick on the inner wall. The daily dosage of the objective composition is preferably 10-2,000mg/adult.
Group A patients will receive 2% Lidocaine and 1:100,000 adrenaline soaked gauze over skin graft donor site of thigh per operatively for 10 minutes. After 10 minutes this dressing will be removed and sufratul dressing will be applied over donor site.