anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject new compound selective for atypical acid-fast bacteria including multiple drug-resistant bacteria, having excellent antimicrobial activities and useful as an antimicrobial agent. SOLUTION: This compound is represented by formula I (R<1> is hydrogen or a lower alkyl; R<2> is an alkyl, an aryl or the like; R<3> is a cycloalkyl, an alkenyl or the like) or its salt, e.g. 5-O-desosaminyl-3-O-phenylacetylerythronolide A 9-[O-(1-methoxycyclohexyl)oxime]. The compound represented by formula I is obtained by reacting, e.g. a compound represented by formula II (R<6> is hydrogen or a protecting group of hydroxyl group) with a carboxylic acid derivative represented by the formula; R<2> -CO2 H and a condensing agent such as 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and then, as necessary, deprotecting the resultant compound. In the case of usually an adult, an antimicrobial agent containing the compound as an active ingredient can be administered orally in a daily dose of about 10-2,000 mg and parenterally in a dose of about 1-1,000 mg in one to several divided portions a day.
During the study, you will have up to 6 "cycles" of treatment. A cycle is made up of treatment with the study drugs for 3-4 days and then about 3-1/2 weeks (25 days) of no treatment (about 4 weeks total). Treatment with the study drugs will be given for 4 days in a row on the first cycle, and 3 days in a row on Cycles 2-6. On Day 1 of each cycle, you will receive rituximab through a needle in a vein. On Cycle 1, since it is your first exposure to rituximab, it must be given slowly, so it may take 6-8 hours to complete. On the cycles after that, it can be given more rapidly, over 3-4 hours. Cyclophosphamide and fludarabine will be given separately through a needle in a vein on Days 2-4 of Cycle 1 and Days 1-3 of Cycles 2-6. Cyclophosphamide and fludarabine will each be given over 30 minutes. Bevacizumab will be given through a needle in a vein over 90 minutes on Day 3 of Cycle 1. If it is well tolerated, the next dose of Bevacizumab will be given over 60 minutes on Day 2 of Cycle 2. If the Cycle 2 dose is well tolerated, the next doses of Bevacizumab will be given over 30 minutes on Day 2 of Cycles 2-6. In addition to the study drugs, you may also be given fluids by vein to help flush the kidneys, to help prevent possible kidney damage. You may receive up to 6 cycles of treatment. Treatment will be given on an outpatient basis. The injections for each daily treatment visit should take less than 6 hours.

Up to 66 patients will take part in the study. All will be enrolled at M.D. Anderson.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is regarded as an accelerated-age disease in which chronic inflammation, maladaptive immune responses, and senescence cell burden coexist. Accordingly, cellular senescence has emerged as a potential mechanism involved in COPD pathophysiology. In this study, 25 stable patients with COPD underwent a daily physical activity promotion program for 6 mo. We reported that increase of physical activity was related to a reduction of the senescent cell burden in circulating lymphocytes of patients with COPD. Senescent T-lymphocyte population, characterized by absence of surface expression of CD28, was reduced after physical activity intervention, and the reduction was associated to the increase of physical activity level. In addition, the mRNA expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, a hallmark of cell senescence, was reduced and, in accordance, the proliferative capacity of lymphocytes was improved postintervention. Moreover, we observed an increase in functionality in T cells from patients after intervention, including improved markers of activation, enhanced cytotoxicity, and altered cytokine secretions in response to viral challenge. Lastly, physical activity intervention reduced the potential of lymphocytes' secretome to induce senescence in human primary fibroblasts. In conclusion, our study provides, for the first time, evidence of the potential of physical activity intervention in patients with COPD to reduce the senescent burden in circulating immune cells.NEW & NOTEWORTHY For the first time, we identified in patients with COPD a relation between physical activity intervention with respiratory function improvement and cellular senescence burden in lymphocytes that improved the T cell functionality and proliferative capacity of patients. In addition, our experiments highlight the possible impact of T-cell senescence in other cell types which could be related to some of the clinical lung complications observed in COPD.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a novel and safe inhibitor, a cosmetic composition or a food and drink product for inhibiting differentiation induction of pre-adipocytes. SOLUTION: This inhibitor for inhibiting differentiation induction of pre- adipocytes contains more than one kind plant extract from plant selected from the group consisting of Rubia akane Nakai, Thujopsis dolabrata Sieb et.Zucc., Hydrangea serrata Serinqevar. thunbergii Sugimoto, Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers., Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant., Mucuna birdwoodiana Tutcher, Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge., Rabdosia japonicus Hara, and Kochia scoparia Schrad. The inhibitor for inhibiting differentiation induction of pre- adipocytes is useful for the prevention and improvement of obesity, diabetes and lifestyle-related diseases. The inhibitor can also be used for the prevention and treatment of diseases related to inhibition of differentiation induction of pre-adipocytes, such as wrinkles and flaps of skin and diabetic complications.
Total joint arthroplasty is a commonly used surgical procedure in orthopedics. Revision surgeries are required in >10% of patients mainly because of prosthetic joint infection caused by bacteria or aseptic implant loosening caused by chronic inflammation. Encephalitozoon cuniculi is a microsporidium, an obligate intracellular parasite, capable of exploiting migrating proinflammatory immune cells for dissemination within the host. We used molecular detection methods to evaluate the incidence of E. cuniculi among patients who had total hip or knee arthroplasty revision. Out of 49 patients, E. cuniculi genotypes I, II, or III were confirmed in joint samples from 3 men and 2 women who had implant loosening. Understanding the risks associated with the presence of microsporidia in periprosthetic joint infections is essential for proper management of arthroplasty. Furthermore, E. cuniculi should be considered a potential contributing cause of joint inflammation and arthrosis.
A device for monitoring and correction of a functional condition of a human body on the basis of measurement of thresholds of temperature painful sensitivity (TPS) of acupuncture points (AP). The device includes a diagnostics and treatment module, a control and communication block and a server, connected by bi-directional data channels. The module includes a handle with an autonomous power unit and a means of reception/transmission. The module is supplied by an element of thermal influence on AP in the form of an infrared LED connected to a current generator, a radiation indicator, a switch, inputs/outputs and a microcontroller. The control and communication includes a mobile phone or a computer of the patient with a related function of data reception/transmission, display of the data and control of the module, by means of inputting of a resident program. The handle serves as the peripheral indicator of a condition and the device of influence with the low price for the patient, and all processing of the address individual information of each patient is assigned to the server.
A total of 40 subjects will be evaluated with 30 subjects randomized to receive active drug and 10 subjects randomized to receive placebo in a double-blind fashion (8 subjects in each dose cohort, 6 subjects randomized to active drug and 2 subjects randomized to placebo). Five dose levels (2, 5, 10, 20 and 30 mg) are planned to be evaluated.The study will be double blinded with regard to treatment (KPG-818 or placebo) at each dose level. KPG-818 and placebo will be matched for formulation, appearance and number of capsules. Safety assessments will be performed throughout the study including physical examinations, vital signs, clinical laboratory tests, 12 lead electrocardiograms and monitoring of adverse events. Pharmacokinetic blood and urine samples will be collected up to 72 hours after dosing. A post-treatment follow-up visit will be performed within 10 days of the last dose of study treatment.
This retrospective descriptive study will review charts of approximately 375 cancer patients prescribed rivaroxaban from January 1, 2012 to November 7, 2016 at UT MDACC for NVAF or patients that had prior VTE and diagnosis of cancer. The list of patients prescribed rivaroxaban during the study period will be obtained from Pharmacy Informatics. We will review the eligibility of all patients on the pharmacy list who were prescribed rivaroxaban during the study time-frame. The eligible patients who meet inclusion/exclusion criteria will be identified. All available data concerning demographic, clinical parameters and rivaroxaban usage will be collected for eligible patients from Pharmacy Informatics, CS, Laboratory Informatics, and Clinical Informatics Databases.

The variables of interest include demographic information, clinical parameters (tumor type, extent of disease, clinical exam findings, and presence of comorbidities, diagnostic assessments, and treatment interventions), reason for rivaroxaban discontinuation and outcomes. The confidentiality of all patient-specific data will be maintained. By using Pharmacy Informatics and CS, we can capture most of patients prescribed rivaroxaban at the UT MDACC.This is a descriptive study and the final sample size will depend on available records for chart review from 01/01/2012 to 11/07/2016.
An open-label, randomized, controlled trial has shown fluconazole to be effective in the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in children 6 months to 13 years of age. (See CLINICAL STUDIES.) 

The use of fluconazole in children with cryptococcal meningitis, Candida esophagitis, or systemic Candida infections is supported by the efficacy shown for these indications in adults and by the results from several small noncomparative pediatric clinical studies. In addition, pharmacokinetic studies in children (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY) have established a dose proportionality between children and adults. (See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION. ) 

In a noncomparative study of children with serious systemic fungal infections, most of which were candidemia, the effectiveness of fluconazole was similar to that reported for the treatment of candidemia in adults. Of 17 subjects with culture-confirmed candidemia, 11 of 14 (79%) with baseline symptoms (3 were asymptomatic) had a clinical cure; 13/15 (87%) of evaluable patients had a mycologic cure at the end of treatment but two of these patients relapsed at 10 and 18 days, respectively, following cessation of therapy. 

The efficacy of fluconazole for the suppression of cryptococcal meningitis was successful in 4 of 5 children treated in a compassionate-use study of fluconazole for the treatment of life-threatening or serious mycosis. There is no information regarding the efficacy of fluconazole for primary treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in children. 

The safety profile of fluconazole in children has been studied in 577 children ages 1 day to 17 years who received doses ranging from 1 to 15 mg/kg/day for 1 to 1,616 days. (See ADVERSE REACTIONS.) 

Efficacy of fluconazole has not been established in infants less than 6 months of age. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY.) A small number of patients (29) ranging in age from 1 day to 6 months have been treated safely with fluconazole.
If Group 1A participants fail to sleep 1 hour post-dose, Group 2A moves forward. Participants will receive 10 mL of placebo (saline) over 10 minutes while asleep during their first overnight visit. Participants will receive 0.2 mg oral clonidine and either 2 mg of IV psilocybin or saline over 10 minutes while asleep during their second overnight visit.
The use of prophylactic antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) post-subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), particularly aneurysmal SAH, is controversial, with limited data available. This has led the new American Heart Association/American Stroke Association (AHA/ASA) guidelines to recommend against using AEDs. This study is aimed at determining whether the use of AEDs for primary prophylaxis is effective in reducing the incidence of seizures post-SAH. A retrospective observational study was conducted utilizing a reviewing chart for the period starting from June 2015 to the end of 2021. The reviews were conducted in the acute care areas of 2 tertiary hospitals primarily to assess the efficacy of AEDs against seizures in patients with SAH (particularly aneurysmal SAH). This was done by comparing the occurrence of early, late, and overall incidence of seizures between patients who received AEDs versus those who did not. Of the 62 patients, who mostly presented with aneurysmal SAH (71%), 42 received AEDs and 20 did not. Mostly, the baseline characteristics between the 2 groups were comparable. A few patients on AEDs developed early (n = 4/38), late (n = 3/29), and overall seizures (n = 6/33), whereas no early, late, or overall incidence of seizures was presented in the group who did not receive AEDs. However, this difference showed no significance (P > .05). The subjects who were given AEDs showed significantly longer hospital stays (42.11 ± 51.43 vs 14.10 ± 7.17; P = .002) and higher mortality rates (7/11 vs 0/11; P = .026). For all patients who received AEDs for prophylaxis, the overall incidence of seizures was negatively associated with the Glasgow coma scale (OR: 0.798; 95% CI 0.657-0.978; P = .022). Our findings support the 2023 AHA/ASA guideline recommendation to avoid using routine AEDs for prophylaxis for all SAH patients. Proper and careful stratification methods should be implemented in each given scenario.
Preparing flavonoid glycoside oligomer, comprises solubilizing a flavonoid glycoside in a mixture comprising glycerin, ethanol, and aqueous solution to obtain a solution containing the flavonoid; and polymerizing the solubilized flavonoid glycoside by laccase enzyme. An independent claim is included for a cosmetic composition or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the oligomer in association with vehicle. ACTIVITY : Dermatological, Antiinflammatory. MECHANISM OF ACTION : Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. The ability of flavonoid glycoside oligomer to inhibit matrix metalloproteinase was tested in normal human fibroblast. The result showed that the percentage of inhibition was 76%.
Based on a voluntary registry, founded by the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (DGTHG) in 1980, a well-defined but limited dataset of all cardiac and vascular surgery procedures performed in 77 German heart surgery departments is reported annually. For the year 2023, a total of 168,841 procedures were submitted to the registry. Of these operations, 100,606 are defined as heart surgery procedures in a classical sense. The unadjusted in-hospital survival rate for the 28,996 isolated coronary artery bypass grafting procedures (relationship on-/off-pump 2.8:1) was 97.6%; 97.7% for the 39,859 isolated heart valve procedures (23,727 transcatheter interventions included); and 99.2% for 19,699 pacemaker/implantable cardioverter defibrillator procedures. Concerning short and long-term mechanical circulatory support, a total of 2,982 extracorporeal life support/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation implantations and 772 ventricular assist device implantations (left/right ventricular assist device, BVAD, total artificial heart) were reported. In 2023, 324 isolated heart transplantations, 248 isolated lung transplantations, and 2 combined heart-lung transplantations were performed. This annually updated registry of the DGTHG represents nonrisk adjusted voluntary public reporting and encompasses acute data for nearly all heart surgical procedures in Germany. It constitutes trends in heart medicine and represents a basis for quality management (e.g., benchmark) for all participating institutions.
INTRODUCTION: Glucose metabolism produces lactate and hydrogen ions in an anaerobic environment. Fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction are considered to become progressively lactacidemic as well as hypoxic. Roles of lactate in the placenta in the presence of fetal growth restriction (FGR) remain to be clarified.
METHODS: Immunohistochemical localization of lactate-related substances, such as a receptor for lactate (hydroxy-carboxylic acid 1 receptor (HCA1 receptor/GPR81)), monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) for lactate, lactate dehydrogenases (LDHs), and proteins expressed in syncytiotrophoblasts or cytotrophoblasts was examined in placentas of appropriate weight for gestational age (AGA) fetus and those showing FGR.
RESULTS: Immunoreactivity for the HCA1 receptor was present in the cytoplasm of some trophoblasts, predominantly localized to their basal (fetus-facing) side, and was frequently colocalized with that for E-cadherin or serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz type 1 (SPINT1), a marker protein of cytotrophoblasts. Immunoreactivity for MCT1 and MCT4 was present on the basal and the microvillous (maternal-facing) membranes of trophoblasts in both groups, respectively. Clear immunoreactivity for LDHA and LDHB was also observed in the cytoplasm of trophoblasts, mainly localized to their basal side. However, there were no significant differences in immunohistochemically stained areas of lactate-related substances between AGA and late-onset FGR groups. On the other hand, there were correlations between coefficients of the presence of chorioamnionitis and the values of LDHB and E-cadherin.
DISCUSSION: Immunohistochemical localization of the HCA1 receptor was predominantly observed in the cytoplasm located on the basal side of trophoblasts, suggesting a role of lactate in human placental development, including syncytialization.
Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics (thiazides) belong to the most frequently prescribed drugs worldwide. By virtue of their natriuretic and vasodilating properties, thiazides effectively lower blood pressure and prevent adverse cardiovascular outcomes. In addition, through their unique characteristic of reducing urine calcium, thiazides are also widely employed for the prevention of kidney stone recurrence and reduction of bone fracture risk. Since their introduction into clinical medicine in the early 1960s, thiazides have been recognized for their association with metabolic side effects, particularly impaired glucose tolerance, and new-onset diabetes mellitus. Numerous hypotheses have been advanced to explain thiazide-induced glucose intolerance, yet underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined. Regrettably, the lack of understanding and unpredictability of these side effects has prompted numerous physicians to refrain from prescribing these effective, inexpensive, and widely accessible drugs. In this review, we outline the pharmacology and mechanism of action of thiazides, highlight recent advances in the understanding of thiazide-induced glucose intolerance, and provide an up-to-date discussion on the role of thiazides in kidney stone prevention.
For also 10 weeks, the participants went trough anal electrical stimulation associated with Pelvic Floor Muscle Training, supervised by a specialized physiotherapist. All subjects received orientation to perform the same pelvic floor exercises at home.
Patients receive temozolomide PO on days 1-5 of each cycle and selinexor PO on days 8 and 15 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo MRI throughout the study and blood sample collection while on study.
OBJECTIVES: The primary objective is to describe a case in which a steroid-eluting implant was utilized to help prevent postoperative granulation and restenosis in a patient who underwent double-stage laryngotracheal reconstruction (dsLTR) for subglottic stenosis.
METHODS: This case presents a 3-year-old female who underwent dsLTR with anterior cartilage graft placement and posterior sagittal split for subglottic stenosis. A silicone stent was placed at the time of the dsLTR. After stent removal, direct laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy (DLB) was performed at 4 to 5 week intervals. These visits revealed a significant amount of supraglottic and glottic edema, and granulation tissue at the proximal aspect of the graft contributing to airway obstruction and restenosis. This was treated twice with CO2 laser excision, balloon dilation, and triamcinolone injection. On the third treatment with these modalities, a mometasone furoate implant was inserted as an adjunctive therapy. The implant was inserted to lateralize the vocal folds, prevent webbing, and to extend to the narrowed area within the subglottis to prevent granulation and restenosis. These same treatments were repeated at the fourth visit with another mometasone furoate implant of a smaller size placed in the same location.
RESULTS: Findings on DLB since treatment with the steroid-eluting implants have shown persistent granulation tissue limited to the tracheostomy stoma site. Treatments with CO2 laser, balloon dilation, and triamcinolone injection have continued, with occasional use of silver nitrate cautery at the external stoma site. There has not been any significant evidence of edema, granulation, or stenosis in the glottis or subglottis to require another steroid-eluting implant.
CONCLUSIONS: Steroid-eluting implants appear to be a safe and effective adjunctive therapy in the routine surveillance of pediatric patients with a tracheostomy who have undergone dsLTR. They may help combat granulation formation and restenosis seen in some dsLTR patients.
BACKGROUND: Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) likely secondary to an activated oculo-trigeminal reflex network is an important issue following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The relationship between the IOP and trigeminal ganglion (TGG) following experimental SAH was investigated in this study.
METHODS: Twenty-three rabbits were used in this study. Five rabbits (n = 5) were used as the control group, another 5 as the sham group (n = 5), and the remaining 13 (n = 13) as the study group. The study group was further divided into two groups of animals with mild (n = 6) and severe (n = 7) TGG degeneration. The IOP values were recorded. After 2 weeks, the animals were decapitated. The mean degenerated neuron density of TGGs was estimated by stereological methods and analyzed statistically.
RESULTS: The average IOP values were 11.85, 14.12, and 21.45 mm Hg in the control (n = 5), sham (n = 5), and study (n = 13) groups, respectively. The mean degenerated neuron density was 34, 237, and 3,165 mm3 in the control, sham, and study groups, respectively.
CONCLUSION: According to the findings of this study, the experimental SAH leads to changes in IOP by affecting the TGG. By predicting and preventing IOP elevation in the setting of SAH, our findings will shed light on secondary sequelae such as glaucoma and irreversible blindness.