anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: An acetic acid bacteria fermentation of Oyaksoonkisan(kind of medicinal herb mixture) and a use thereof are provided to prevent or treat vascular diseases. CONSTITUTION: An acetic acid bacteria fermentation of Oyaksoonkisan suppresses angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE) and relaxes blood vessels. A method for preparing the acetic acid bacteria comprises a step of inoculating lactic acid bacteria into Oyaksoonkisan and fermenting under an aerobic atmosphere at 35-45 deg. C. for 1-3 days. The lactic acid bacteria include Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Bifidobacterium, Lactococcus, Pediococcus, or Leuconostoc. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating vascular diseases contains the acetic acid bacteria fermentation as an active ingredient.
The invention relates to a liver protective white tea and the preparation method thereof. The liver protective white tea is prepared from white tea and herba gynostemae. Researches indicate that the white tea has good functions of antioxidation, anti-aging and restraining skin cancer while the herba gynostemae contains over 50 saponins which are useful for the health of human being and a plurality of vitamins and amino acids and has the functions of lowering blood pressure and blood lipid, anti-aging, curing insomnia, increasing appetite and digestion, purging intense heat, losing fat and resisting cancer. The white tea of the invention is dipped in water for 30min at the proportion of tea to water of 1 to 30 at the temperature of 40DEG C and then is filtered to obtain the tea. The obtained tea is taken by rats with acute liver damage caused by feeding CCl4, and the result of pathological sections reveals that the white tea can effectively reduce the pathological damage to the liver cells caused by the CCl4. The results of biochemical component measuring shows that the maximum inhibition ratio of serum transaminase activity of the rat is 29.5 percent; and the inhibition ratio against peroxidized products of rat liver lipid is 41.1 percent and the rat liver glutathione is increased by 28.2percent.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject tablets with excellent compressibility and water solubility, useful as a food, toiletry, kitchen utensil, bath preparation, horticultural article, medicament, or the like, by including a saturated fatty acid as the constituent fatty acid and a specific sucrose fatty acid ester (hereafter abbreviated as SE). SOLUTION: This tablet contains a saturated fatty acid [pref. of 16-18C (e.g. palmitic acid, stearic acid)] as the constituent fatty acid and pref. 0.5-4 wt.% of an SE having 40-85 wt.% monoester content (pref. with an HLB of 7-16, containing >=50 wt.% of a pulverized product <=20 μm in particle size). Stock powder to be used for the tablets is e.g. such one as to be usable in the form of an aqueous solution, such as glucose formulated in tablets intended for tablet candy or health foods. When the tablets are intended as foamable ones, it is preferable to be incorporated with an ingredient generating a gas on contact with water (e.g. an organic acid, sodium bicarbonate).
Provided are systems, methods, and devices for mediation or alleviation of sleep disorders and insomnia. Systems may include an interface, processing devices, and a controller. The interface is configured to obtain measurements from a brain of a user with sleeping disorders and insomnia. A first processing device is configured to generate multiple brain state parameters characterizing one or more features of a brain state of the user. A second processing device is configured to generate models of the brain of the user based on the plurality of brain state parameters and the plurality of measurements, and determine, using the models and training data comprising one or more mediation data points, a mediation procedure for reducing one or more symptoms of the sleeping disorder or insomnia. The mediation procedure is provided to entities, and one or more control signals are generated by the controller based on the mediation procedure.
AIMS: To investigate the self-reported impact of COVID-19 measures on access to testing for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and condoms and factors associated with reduced access among adults in Sweden.
METHODS: Cross-sectional data were collected in late 2020 through a web panel with adults (18-49 years) in Sweden as part of the International Sexual Health And REproductive health survey (I-SHARE) (N=1307). The primary outcome was self-reported access to HIV/STI testing and condoms during COVID-19 measures. Logistic regression was used to assess adjusted odds ratios of experiencing reduced access to HIV/STI testing and condoms in relation to sociodemographic characteristics, changes in sexual behaviours and COVID-19-related factors.
RESULTS: Of the 1138 sexually active respondents, 17% wanted an HIV/STI test, and of those over half (57%) reported reduced access during the COVID-19 measures in 2020. Compared with cis-women, transgender or non-binary respondents were more likely to experience lower access to testing. Among those who usually used condoms (n=568), 23% reported hampered condom access due to COVID-19 restrictions. Reduced condom access was associated with identifying as non-cis gender and a cis-man compared with cis-woman, non-heterosexual orientation, being foreign-born and financially worried.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate that access to HIV/STI testing and condoms among sexually active adults of reproductive age in Sweden was disrupted during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 with varied impact depending on sexual orientation, gender identity or socioeconomic situation. This signals the importance of ensuring equitable access to sexual and reproductive health services and commodities in future crises response.
A ramp signal generator is provided, and includes a sampling capacitor, a current cell circuit, a current to voltage converter, and a tuning circuit. The sampling capacitor is connected between a power supply voltage and a sampling node. The current cell circuit provides a first output node with a first ramping current during a ramping period, in response to a sampled bias voltage of the sampling node and switching code pairs. The current to voltage converter includes a first load resistor connected between the first output node and a ground voltage, and converts the first ramping current to a first ramp signal. The tuning circuit is connected between the first output node and the sampling node, and includes a capacitor to couple the sampling node and the first output node. The tuning circuit adjusts a degree of nonlinearity of the first ramp signal in response to a tuning signal.
Tobacco advertising at retail point-of-sale (POS) includes promotional allowances that permit tobacco products to be advertised and sold at reduced cost to consumers (e.g., two-for-one specials); high visibility sale and therefore placement of hundreds of tobacco products on power walls; and the display of a large, diverse collection of poster advertisements on the exterior of the stores. Adolescents are at significant risk for having repeated exposures to this tobacco rich POS environment and such exposures contribute to increases in adolescent tobacco use. Although curbing the effect of the tobacco rich POS environment on adolescent tobacco use is a critical public health goal, some POS advertising regulations are unlikely to be viable in the United States because they impinge upon the tobacco industry's commercial free speech rights. For example, eliminating the tobacco power wall is probably not a viable option in the US as it has been successfully challenged in court by the tobacco industry. POS regulations that do not violate the industry's commercial free speech rights stand a better chance of being upheld by the courts. For example, eliminating tobacco product price promotions, reducing the availability of tobacco products by restricting the sale of flavored products, and restricting how much door/window space tobacco product posters can occupy at POS, all have been implemented as feasible and legally defensible regulatory options at POS. The evidence base supporting the efficacy of these initiatives is, however, almost non-existent - leaving them open to legal scrutiny. The overall aim of this research is to experimentally evaluate different, legally-viable approaches to reducing the impact of the POS retail environment on adolescent tobacco use risk. This research will be investigating the regulations for four classes of tobacco products (cigarettes, e-cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, little cigars/cigarillos): the extent to which eliminating tobacco product price promotions (Study 2), restricting how much door/window space tobacco posters can occupy at POS (Study 3), and eliminating the sale of flavored and/or mentholated tobacco products (Study 1) reduce adolescent tobacco-use risk. Each study will evaluate for possible gender and race (African-American vs Caucasian) differences. The studies will take place in the RAND StoreLab, a life-sized replica of a convenience store that was developed to experimentally evaluate how altering aspects of tobacco promotion at POS influences tobacco use. The present record is for Study 1.
BACKGROUND: Malaria remains a severe parasitic disease, posing a significant threat to public health and hindering economic development in sub-Saharan Africa. Ethiopia, a malaria endemic country, is facing a resurgence of the disease with a steadily rising incidence. Conventional diagnostic methods, such as microscopy, have become less effective due to low parasite density, particularly among Duffy-negative human populations in Africa. To develop comprehensive control strategies, it is crucial to generate data on the distribution and clinical occurrence of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infections in regions where the disease is prevalent. This study assessed Plasmodium infections and Duffy antigen genotypes in febrile patients in Ethiopia.
METHODS: Three hundred febrile patients visiting four health facilities in Jimma town of southwestern Ethiopia were randomly selected during the malaria transmission season (Apr-Oct). Sociodemographic information was collected, and microscopic examination was performed for all study participants. Plasmodium species and parasitaemia as well as the Duffy genotype were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for all samples. Data were analysed using Fisher's exact test and kappa statistics.
RESULTS: The Plasmodium infection rate by qPCR was 16% (48/300) among febrile patients, of which 19 (39.6%) were P. vivax, 25 (52.1%) were P. falciparum, and 4 (8.3%) were mixed (P. vivax and P. falciparum) infections. Among the 48 qPCR-positive samples, 39 (13%) were negative by microscopy. The results of bivariate logistic regression analysis showed that agriculture-related occupation, relapse and recurrence were significantly associated with Plasmodium infection (P < 0.001). Of the 300 febrile patients, 85 (28.3%) were Duffy negative, of whom two had P. vivax, six had P. falciparum, and one had mixed infections. Except for one patient with P. falciparum infection, Plasmodium infections in Duffy-negative individuals were all submicroscopic with low parasitaemia.
CONCLUSIONS: The present study revealed a high prevalence of submicroscopic malaria infections. Plasmodium vivax infections in Duffy-negative individuals were not detected due to low parasitaemia. In this study, an improved molecular diagnostic tool was used to detect and characterize Plasmodium infections, with the goal of quantifying P. vivax infection in Duffy-negative individuals. Advanced molecular diagnostic techniques, such as multiplex real-time PCR, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and CRISPR-based diagnostic methods. These techniques offer increased sensitivity, specificity, and the ability to detect low-parasite-density infections compared to the employed methodologies.
Participants will receive inavolisib in escalating dose levels (starting dose 3 mg) on Days 1-28, palbociclib on Days 1-21, and letrozole on Days 1-28 of each 28-day cycle. Participants will continue treatment until the end of the study in the absence of unacceptable toxicities and unequivocal disease progression.
Identical placebo mixture without probiotics, B-vitamins and zinc. The active and placebo products had similar appearance, taste and smell and were provided in identical bottles of 10 ml with identical labelling.
The investigation is a prospective non-blinded and semi-randomized investigation. The investigation is designed to assess the alternative sizing model which the trial mask concept is based on and how it compares to a conventional sizing present in the Prototype Full Face Mask (PFFM) mask. A cohort of up to 38 pre-determined current nasal and full face mask users will be recruited by Fisher \& Paykel Healthcare in Auckland New Zealand, Waikato DHB in Hamilton New Zealand, Hawkes Bay DHB in Hastings New Zealand and WellSleep Centre in Wellington New Zealand.

The study will involve baseline (visit one) gathering the participants' prescribed PAP therapy pressure and their usual mask (to have up-to-date records). The next visit (visit 2) 7 ± 4 days after visit 1, the participants will be fit the Prototype Full Face Mask (PFFM) mask or the alternative sizing based trial mask. At visit 3, which will be after 7 ± 4 days from visit 2, the participants will be crossed over to the mask. At visit 4, 7 ± 4 days after visit 3, all masks and devices will be collected from the participants.
Conventional treatment options for localized prostate cancer include prostatectomy, radiotherapy and active surveillance. However, prostatectomy and radiotherapy carry certain degree of morbidity, including the risks of urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction and injury to the structures in the proximity. Active surveillance carries the risk of disease progression and psychological distress to the patients. Focal therapy employs the concept of only destroying the significant lesion, resulting in disease cure and improved functional outcome. Among the different options of focal therapy, cryotherapy is one of the most commonly employed energy sources. It exerts its effect through freezing of tissue and vascular injury, leading to destruction of cancer tissue. Our study aims at assess the safety and effectiveness of such treatment in prostate cancer management
The purposes of this protocol are two-fold: 1) to determine whether deferoxamine, given subcutaneously on a regular basis, can indefinitely prevent the cardiac, endocrine and hepatic complications of transfusional hemochromatosis; and 2) to determine whether cardiac disease can be reversed by intensive intravenous treatment in patients who already have objective evidence of cardiac dysfunction. The clinical manifestations and course of patients who require regular blood transfusions is well established. Those with congenital anemias who require transfusions from birth develop cardiac disease in their teens and their mean of survival is only 17 years. Adults with acquired anemias begin to exhibit cardiac manifestations of iron deposition after 100-200 units of packed red cells. Deferoxamine, when given by the subcutaneous route, has been shown to reduce substantially the total iron burden in thalassemic patients. Our results indicate that cardiac complications are delayed or prevented. We plan to continue to follow our cohort of patients on optimal medical management to determine if chelation alters disease outcome. Patients with heavy iron burdens who already manifest cardiac disease will be chelated intensely to determine whether reducing the iron burden is associated with reversal of cardiac complications.
FIELD: cosmetology. SUBSTANCE: it is suggested a considerably water-free composition of the cream indicated for axillary area to be locally applied upon human skin, including antiperspirant and/or deodorant, nonvolatile masking preparation and structurizing wax of the following total formula: R-(SiMe 2 -O-) x  SiMe 2 R, where x = 10-50, Me = CH 3  and R alkyl and average length of a terminal alkyl chain corresponds to, at least, C30. It is, also, suggested a water-free composition of antiperspirant containing the salt of antiperspirant, nonvolatile masking oil, structurizing wax of said total formula and volatile carrying liquid. Compositions are more stable, no cream depositions are observed after applying them upon skin in axillary area. EFFECT: improved composition. 11 cl, 1 tbl
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a cancer cell proliferation suppressing agent capable of suppressing the proliferation of cancerated cells as well as preventing the crisis of cancer by using an extract of Capsicum annuum L. var. grossumn belonging to the family Solanaceae, a cell differentiation inducing agent, and to provide a method for producing these substances. SOLUTION: The cancer cell proliferation suppressing agent and cell differentiation inducing agent contain a water-soluble component of Capsicum annuum L. var. grossumn belonging to the family Solanaceae. The agents can be produced by mixing the dry powder of the fruit of Capsicum annuum with water for >=40 hr while keeping the temperature at or above the room temperature, subjecting the produced liquid mixture to solid-liquid separation and formulating the obtained aqueous solution or water-soluble component as an active component. The component having cancer cell proliferation suppressing action or cell differentiation inducing action which are not sufficiently extractable by conventional short water-soluble component extraction step is surely included in the agent by this process to obtain the agents effective for treating cancer patients or preventing the relapse of cancer.
The invention relates to a prodrug compound consisting of a drug moiety comprising an amine or hydroxyl moiety and a protecting group moiety covalently linked to the amine or hydroxyl moiety. The drug moiety is effective in the treatment of cancer when the drug moiety is separated from the protecting group moiety. The protecting group moiety is cleavable from the amine or hydroxyl moiety by reaction with molecular hydrogen (H2) in the presence of a catalyst. The invention further relates to a combination medicament comprising the prodrug, a catalyst effecting reductive deprotection of the drug moiety, and optionally a reducing agent. In addition, the prodrug compound or the combination medicament are provided for use in a method of treatment or prevention of cancer. The prodrug has preferably one of formulae (27b), (34b).
In controlled clinical trials, 26% (266/1008) of subjects treated with 600 mg efavirenz experienced new-onset skin rash compared with 17% (111/635) of subjects treated in control groups. Rash associated with blistering, moist desquamation, or ulceration occurred in 0.9% (9/1008) of subjects treated with efavirenz. The incidence of Grade 4 rash (e.g., erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome) in subjects treated with efavirenz in all studies and expanded access was 0.1%. Rashes are usually mild-to-moderate maculopapular skin eruptions that occur within the first 2 weeks of initiating therapy with efavirenz (median time to onset of rash in adults was 11 days) and, in most subjects continuing therapy with efavirenz, rash resolves within 1 month (median duration, 16 days). The discontinuation rate for rash in clinical trials was 1.7% (17/1008). ATRIPLA can be reinitiated in patients interrupting therapy because of rash. ATRIPLA should be discontinued in patients developing severe rash associated with blistering, desquamation, mucosal involvement, or fever. Appropriate antihistamines and/or corticosteroids may improve the tolerability and hasten the resolution of rash.

Experience with efavirenz in subjects who discontinued other antiretroviral agents of the NNRTI class is limited. Nineteen subjects who discontinued nevirapine because of rash have been treated with efavirenz. Nine of these subjects developed mild-to-moderate rash while receiving therapy with efavirenz, and two of these subjects discontinued because of rash.
Approximately 4% (14/357), 6% (77/1381), 1% (10/819), and 2% (16/1001) of Effexor XR-treated patients in placebo-controlled premarketing major depressive disorder, GAD, Social Anxiety Disorder trials, and panic disorder trials, respectively, were 65 years of age or over. Of 2,897 Effexor-treated (immediate release) patients in premarketing phase major depressive disorder studies, 12% (357) were 65 years of age or over. No overall differences in effectiveness or safety were observed between geriatric patients and younger patients, and other reported clinical experience generally has not identified differences in response between the elderly and younger patients. However, greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out. SSRIs and SNRIs, including Effexor XR have been associated with cases of clinically significant hyponatremia in elderly patients, who may be at greater risk for this adverse event (see PRECAUTIONS, Hyponatremia). 

The pharmacokinetics of venlafaxine and ODV are not substantially altered in the elderly (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY). No dose adjustment is recommended for the elderly on the basis of age alone, although other clinical circumstances, some of which may be more common in the elderly, such as renal or hepatic impairment, may warrant a dose reduction (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) was first introduced into NICE guidelines in 2017. In this approach, patients undergo cataract surgery on both eyes on the same day. Although increasingly popular, only 0.5% of all cataract operations nationally are performed using this approach. We redesigned our service to routinely offer ISBCS and are now one of the leading NHS providers of ISBCS in the UK. We audited our cataract operations in 2022 and report our initial experiences with ISBCS here.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: We redesigned our cataract service to routinely offer ISBCS on the NHS. We audited all cataract operations performed in calendar year 2022.
RESULTS: We performed 4652 NHS cataract operations including 498 (10.7%) operations on 249 patients using the ISBCS approach. Trainee surgeons performed 32.5% of these cases. There were two intraoperative complications, both during the second eye operation. One was a suspected suprachoroidal haemorrhage and the other was a posterior capsular rupture post lens implantation. Post-operatively there was one case of retinal detachment requiring vitrectomy following uncomplicated ISBCS and five cases of Irvine-Gass syndrome that were managed medically.
CONCLUSIONS: From this data, ISBCS does not pose a greater risk to patients in terms of complications. Allowing trainees to operate on ISBCS cases improves the trainee experience. With appropriate pre-operative counselling, patients listed for unilateral surgery can be converted to ISBCS on the day of operation to fully utilise theatre capacity. Patients listed for ISBCS can also be converted to unilateral surgery on the day of operation when surgeons need time to deal with complications safely.