anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To summarize the recent evidence and guideline recommendations on aspirin or P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy in patients with stable ischemic heart disease and provide insights into future directions on this topic, which involves transition to a personalized assessment of bleeding and thrombotic risks.
RECENT FINDINGS: It has been questioned whether the evidence for aspirin as the foundational component of secondary prevention in patients with coronary artery disease aligns with contemporary pharmaco-invasive strategies. The recent HOST-EXAM study randomized patients who had received dual antiplatelet therapy for 6 to 18 months without ischemic or major bleeding events to either clopidogrel or aspirin for a further 24 months, and demonstrated that the patients in the clopidogrel arm had significantly lower rates of both thrombotic and bleeding complications compared to those in the aspirin arm. The patient-level PANTHER meta-analysis showed that in patients with established coronary artery disease, P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy was associated with lower rates of myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis as well as gastrointestinal bleeding and hemorrhagic stroke compared to aspirin monotherapy, albeit with similar rates of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and major bleeding. Long-term low-dose aspirin is recommended for secondary prevention in patients with stable ischemic heart disease, with clopidogrel monotherapy being acknowledged as a feasible alternative. Dual antiplatelet therapy for six months after percutaneous coronary intervention remains the standard recommendation for patients with stable ischemic heart disease. However, the duration of dual antiplatelet therapy may be shortened and followed by P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy or prolonged based on individualized evaluation of the patient's risk profile.
Tablets comprise a nucleus and at least two outer layers, the nucleus and all the outer layers containing the active ingredient and a retarding ingredient to delay release of the active ingredient from the nucleus and layers after administration thereof, the nature and proportion of retarding ingredient being such that the rate of release of the active ingredient is different in the nucleus and each layer and increases from the nucleus outwards. Optionally the tablets may also comprise an outermost coating containing no active ingredients or retarding ingredients, e.g. sugar coatings. The retarding ingredient may be gum-lac, stearic acid or a salt or ester thereof, white wax, Carnauba wax, a polyethylene glycol, sodium dioctylsulphosuccinate, or cellulose acetophthlate. The rate of release of the active ingredient may be controlled by varying the proportion of retarding ingredient present in the nucleus and outer layers or by having the nucleus more highly compressed than the outer layers and each layer more highly compressed than any layer enclosing it. The active ingredient may comprise papaverine hydrochchloride, ethoxazorutin (mono-morpholinylethyl ether of rutin) and ascorbic acid.
The purpose of the study is to determine if the relationship between a history of childhood maltreatment (CM) and suicide risk is associated with alterations in the expression and epigenetic modification of specific microRNAs (miRNAs), thereby providing a molecular signature of suicide risk in people with CM. miRNAs are short regulatory RNAs that transduce environmental events into changes in protein synthesis in cells. The environment can induce permanent changes in miRNA expression. Aim 1 is to identify a set of neural-derived exosomal miRNAs that are associated with the interaction of suicidality and CM. Aim 2 is to examine whether an acute experimental stressor, the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), impacts the expression of these miRNAs in suicidal patients with and without CM. Aim 3 will examine potential mechanisms by which altered miRNAs may contribute to CM-associated suicidal behavior. Aim 4 will examine if changes in CM-associated miRNAs are explained by modifications in their DNA methylation.
BACKGROUND: Longitudinal studies have identified childhood asthma as a risk factor for obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) where persistent airflow limitation can develop more aggressively. However, a causal link between childhood asthma and COPD/ACO remains to be established. Our study aimed to model the natural history of childhood asthma and COPD and to investigate the cellular/molecular mechanisms that drive disease progression.
METHODS: Allergic airways disease was established in three-week-old young C57BL/6 mice using house dust mite (HDM) extract. Mice were subsequently exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) and HDM for 8 weeks. Airspace enlargement (emphysema) was measured by the mean linear intercept method. Flow cytometry was utilised to phenotype lung immune cells. Bulk RNA-sequencing was performed on lung tissue. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in bronchoalveolar lavage-fluid were analysed to screen for disease-specific biomarkers.
RESULTS: Chronic CS exposure induced emphysema that was significantly augmented by HDM challenge. Increased emphysematous changes were associated with more abundant immune cell lung infiltration consisting of neutrophils, interstitial macrophages, eosinophils and lymphocytes. Transcriptomic analyses identified a gene signature where disease-specific changes induced by HDM or CS alone were conserved in the HDM-CS group, and further revealed an enrichment of Mmp12, Il33 and Il13, and gene expression consistent with greater expansion of alternatively activated macrophages. VOC analysis also identified four compounds increased by CS exposure that were paradoxically reduced in the HDM-CS group.
CONCLUSIONS: Early-life allergic airways disease worsened emphysematous lung pathology in CS-exposed mice and markedly alters the lung transcriptome.
A preparation for the treatment of cancer &c. is obtained by treating metochondrial animal material selected from the liver, kidney or heart in such a way that the enzymes are liberated, and dialysing the disintegrated material to obtain a dialysate containing the co-enzymes of the succin-oxydase system having a particle size smaller than 10 m .  Thus, liver is frozen, finely ground and dried in vacuo, the powder is stirred with a fat-dissolving organic solvent, e.g. butanol-1, filtered, and the residue dried.  This is mixed with water or physiological salt solution, and dialyzed using a membrane of pore width 5-10 m  against water or physiological salt solution at 0-2 DEG  C. Concentration may be effected by dialysing new starting material against a dialysate already prepared.  The preparation may be sterilized by ultrafiltration in vacuo.  The operations generally, and storage, are effected under nitrogen.ALSO:A preparation for the treatment of cancer &c. is obtained by treating initochoudrial animal material selected from the liver, kidney or heart in such a way that enzymes are liberated, and dialyzing the disintegrated material to obtain a dialyzate containing co-enzymes of the succinoxydase system having a particle size smaller than 10m . Thus, liver is frozen, finely ground and dried in vacuo, the powder is stirred with a fat-dissolving organic solvent, e.g. butanol-1, filtered, and the residue dried.  This is mixed with water or physiological salt solution, and dialyzed by means of a membrane of pore width 5-10m  against water or physiological salt solution at 0-2 DEG C. Concentration may be effected by dialyzing new starting material against a dialyzate already prepared.  The preparation may be sterilized by ultra filtration in vacuo.  The operations generally, and storage, are effected under nitrogen.
Transgenic mice (Crym tg) overexpressing Crym protein in skeletal muscle were studied. Muscular functions, Ca 2+  transients, contractile force, fatigue, and running on treadmills or wheels were not significantly altered and serum T 3  and thyroid stimulating hormone levels were unaffected although T 3  levels in tibialis anterior (TA) muscle were elevated and serum T 4  was decreased. Crym tg mice had a decreased respiratory exchange ratio, corresponding to a 13.7% increase in fat utilization. Female Crym tg mice gained weight more rapidly than controls on high fat or high simple carbohydrate diets. Machine learning algorithms revealed morphological differences between Crym tg and control soleus fibers. RNA-seq and gene ontology enrichment analysis showed a shift towards genes associated with slower muscle function and β-oxidation. Therefore, high levels of μ-crystallin are associated with greater fat metabolism. These data indicate that Crym and μ-crystallin can be used as a treatment modality for diabetes and obesity.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a safe hyaluronic acid production promoter that can be readily used and is capable of promoting hyaluronic acid production in human and increasing the amount of hyaluronic acid.  <P>SOLUTION: The hyaluronic acid production promoter comprises a plant or an extract of Curcuma amada ROXB. belonging to the family Zingiberaceae. Optionally, the hyaluronic acid production promoter further comprises a combination of a seed or an extract of Citrus junos belonging to the family Rutaceae, collagen peptide, a plant (coix seed etc.) or an extract of Coix lachrymal-jobi var. ma-yuen belonging to the family Poaceae. etc.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
The disclosure relates to an eye drop for preventing and treating presbyopia. The effective components of the eye drop include sodium hyaluronate, glycerinum, carbomer, plant essential oil and borneol in parts by weight, and the ratio of sodium hyaluronate to 5 glycerinum to carbomer to plant essential oil to borneol is (1—2): (1—3): (1—2): (1—3): (1—4). A proper amount of water is used as a solvent. The disclosure also discloses a preparation method of the eye drop. The eye drop of the disclosure has an obvious prevention and treatment effect on presbyopia. lO
Due to high levels of inflammation, patients with sepsis are especially at risk of developing delirium, an organic state of confusion that affects over 80% of mechanically ventilated patients during their intensive care stay. A growing body of literature suggests that the severity of delirium symptoms may also have a significant impact on negative outcomes associated with delirium, including mortality, length of hospital stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, and functional and cognitive impairment. Similarly, recent literature suggests that patient outcomes may be worsened by a subthreshold severity level of delirium, known as subsyndromal delirium. Despite the urgent need to understand delirium and subsyndromal delirium etiology for better detection and management strategies, the multifactorial pathophysiology of delirium is still largely unknown. Clinical biomarker studies evaluating levels of S100 calcium-binding protein beta (S-100β), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1), and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) have suggested evidence for their role in delirium pathophysiology, but significant associations with delirium severity and subsyndromal delirium have not been reliably established. Evaluating the dose-response relationship of S-100β, NSE, UCHL1, and BDNF with delirium severity and subsyndromal delirium in a homogeneous population of mechanically ventilated patients with sepsis will provide novel insight on the etiological pathway of delirium. The investigators will evaluate effect modification and confounding by inflammation and blood-brain barrier permeability by measuring well-established biomarkers, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and E-selectin, respectively. Understanding the role of neuronal damage in delirium may be a promising avenue to develop better screening practices and neuroprotective management strategies that may reduce long-term cognitive and functional deficits associated with delirium.
The experimental group received a 6-week online mindfulness course, once a week for 90 minutes each session. Participants completed questionnaires before the course, at week 3, and at week 6.
An implant, for use in various human or animal organs, comprises a carrier matrix enveloped by a peptide coating. The coating contains peptides (I) useful for targetted stimulation of adhesion of body cells. (I) include sequences which recognise binding sites on integrin receptors responsible for adhesion.  The carrier matrix has reactive surface groups capable of forming stable covalent bonds with corresponding functional reactive groups on the peptide layer. (I) are positioned on the surface of the implant such that, due to their structure-related, cell adhesion stimulatory activity, they specifically correspond to the natural complementary integrin pattern in the particular region of the tissue cells neighbouring the area where the implant is to be introduced. Thus a locally differentiated, selective, bioactive coating pattern of the implant surface is provided.
Participants undergo computer-based spirometry testing, nitric oxide breath testing, airwave oscillometry, and an assessment of endothelial function. Participants will undergo collection of blood. Current e-cigarette users also vape their own e-cigarette device for 30 minutes.
PURPOSE: The aim of this randomized, placebo-controlled, two-stage, phase II/III trial was to determine the efficacy of an oral cannabis extract in adults with refractory nausea and/or vomiting during moderately or highly emetogenic, intravenous chemotherapy despite guideline-consistent antiemetic prophylaxis. Here, we report results of the prespecified combined analysis including the initial phase II and subsequent phase III components.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Study treatment consisted of oral capsules containing either tetrahydrocannabinol 2.5 mg plus cannabidiol 2.5 mg capsules (THC:CBD) or matching placebo, taken three times a day from days -1 to 5, in addition to guideline-consistent antiemetics. The primary measure of effect was the difference in the proportions of participants with no vomiting or retching and no use of rescue medications (a complete response) during hours 0-120 after the first cycle of chemotherapy on study (cycle A).
RESULTS: We recruited 147 evaluable of a planned 250 participants from 2016 to 2022. Background antiemetic prophylaxis included a corticosteroid and 5-hydroxytryptamine antagonist in 97%, a neurokinin-1 antagonist in 80%, and olanzapine in 10%. THC:CBD compared with placebo improved the complete response rate from 8% to 24% (absolute difference 16%, 95% CI, 4 to 28, P = .01), with similar effects for absence of significant nausea, use of rescue medications, daily vomits, and the nausea scale on the Functional Living Index-Emesis quality-of-life questionnaire. More frequent bothersome adverse events of special interest included sedation (18% v 7%), dizziness (10% v 0%), and transient anxiety (4% v 1%). There were no serious adverse events attributed to THC:CBD.
CONCLUSION: THC:CBD is an effective adjunct for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting despite standard antiemetic prophylaxis, but was associated with additional adverse events. Drug availability, cultural attitudes, legal status, and preferences may affect implementation. Future analyses will evaluate the cost-effectiveness of THC:CBD.
FIELD: biotechnology.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cellular biology and biotechnology, in particular to a method for producing erythrocytes, to erythrocytes and a pharmaceutical composition. Method includes swelling erythrocytes using a first hypotonic solution, which results in erythrocytes having osmolality of 250–200 mOsm/kg. Method includes further swelling of the erythrocytes without reaching lysis, using a second hypotonic solution which is more hypotonic than the first hypotonic solution and which results in the erythrocytes having osmolality of 200–170 mOsm/kg. Further, the erythrocytes are concentrated and the concentrated erythrocytes are brought into contact with a lysing solution containing one or more substances of pharmaceutical interest, which results in the erythrocytes having osmolality of 150–110 mOsm/kg. Further, a sealing solution is added to obtain an erythrocyte population, which is characterised in that the percentage of phosphatidylserine formed by the erythrocytes, which is measured in annexin V assay, is less than 10 % and the amount of lactate formed for every 10erythrocytes is 0.100 nmol/h. Resulting erythrocytes can be used as part of a pharmaceutical composition for use in therapeutic treatment.EFFECT: invention makes it possible to obtain erythrocytes loaded with one or more substances of pharmaceutical interest, avoiding mechanical stress and simplifying the sealing step.18 cl, 4 dwg, 8 tbl, 9 ex
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new canine cytokine protein which has an activity for reinforcing the cell-damaging activity of canine cell-damaging T lymphoid cells and is useful as a medicine for treating canine viral diseases. SOLUTION: This new canine cytokine protein has an activity for reinforcing the cell-damaging activity of canine cell-damaging T lymphoid cells and comprises two kinds of mutually different polypeptides. A DNA sequence encoding the protein, and a recombinant DNA for expressing the same. An expression vector containing the recombinant DNA. A transformant transformed with the expression vector. A method for producing the protein comprises culturing the transformant. An antibody against the protein. A medicine for treating canine viral diseases contains the antibody or the protein as a main ingredient.
Four days prior to the first session, an experimenter will meet the caregiver and infant (at the lab or at their home) to review procedures and complete the informed consent process. The infant will be fitted with the actigraph watch on the ankle. The caregiver will be given instructions on use of the actigraph watch and be left with questionnaires to complete (e.g., sleep diary, behavioral questionnaires). Four days later, the caregiver and infant will come to the sleep lab for their initial session. In wave 1 (9 months), caregiver-infant dyads will be scheduled to arrive \~1 hr prior to the infant's typical morning nap time. In later waves, if the infant is reported to have eliminated their morning nap, they will be scheduled to arrive \~1 hr prior to when the nap typically occurred before they transitioned out of the morning nap. Infants will be semi-randomly assigned to either the nap or wake condition. Following acclimation to the lab, the infant will be fitted with the polysomnography (electrode) cap. The infant will then complete the encoding and immediate recall phases of the deferred imitation (memory) task. The infant will then be either wake or nap promoted or allowed to follow their normal morning routine. Approximately 90 mins later (following nap waking and time to recover from sleep inertia), the deferred imitation task (recall) will take place.

The caregiver and infant will then have free time (lunch, playtime), with instructions to return to the lab (if they choose to leave; they are also offered access to the lab kitchen and lounge area) \~40 mins before the infant's typical afternoon nap. They will also be instructed to: (1) avoid letting the infant nap and report any sleep that occurred (this will also be monitored with actigraphy); (2) not partake in any unusually stimulating activities; and (3) to follow a routine feeding schedule during this time. When the dyad returns to the lab, the infant will again be equipped with the polysomnography cap and complete the encoding and immediate recall phases with a new set of items. The infant will then either be wake or nap promoted or allowed to follow their normal afternoon nap routine. Approximately 90 mins later (following nap and time to recover from sleep inertia), the delayed recall phase will take place. The infant and caregiver will return to the lab one week later to complete the other condition. The procedures will be repeated at 12 (\>12 months and \<13 months) and 15 months (\>15 months and \<16 months).
Behavioral intervention to include lifestyle counseling on hypocaloric, low carbohydrate diet (15-20% calories from carbohydrate, 59-63% as total fat (\<10% saturated fat, at least 37% monounsaturated fat, remaining as polyunsaturated fat). Using a priori decision rules at 3.5 and 7 months post-initial randomization, those for whom the diet assigned is not acceptable or is not effective will be re-randomized.
An adult male captive diamondback water snake (Nerodia rhombifer) was found dead after a 1-d history of lethargy and cutaneous ulcers. The snake had eaten 2 sunfish (Mola spp.) 5 d before death. Gross examination revealed white-to-tan nodules in the lung and liver and segmental intestinal impactions with digested fish. Histopathology confirmed disseminated granulomas with numerous intrahistiocytic acid-fast bacteria in the skin, skeletal muscle, lung, liver, and intestines. Mycobacterium marinum and Mycolicibacterium fortuitum were identified by culture of the hepatic granuloma, followed by PCR and rpoB gene sequencing. To our knowledge, this is the first description of M. marinum and M. fortuitum coinfection in this species. Although M. fortuitum has been isolated from reptiles, lesions associated with its presence in tissues have not been described previously. Interestingly, the mineralization within granulomas that we observed in our case is not reported in mycobacterial infection in reptiles, whereas this finding is common in mammals.
Partners at the University of Maryland Baltimore (UMB) School of Medicine (SOM), School of Social Work (SSW), and community collaborators will pilot an intervention focused on Black and African-American children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (hereafter, autism) and other developmental delays. The research fills several gaps in the academic literature. First, there is a dearth of intervention research focusing on Black families raising young children with autism. Early intervention significantly improves child and family outcomes across childhood and into adulthood. Yet, Black children with autism are less likely to access such services. Even when controlling for socioeconomic status, racial disparities in autism and developmental disability diagnoses and services persist. The causes for these socioeconomic and racial disparities are largely unknown. Researchers have recommended caregiver support programming while on waitlists to improve caregiver-provider interactions and caregiver knowledge of the diagnostic process; yet, such interventions have not been described in the literature.

SSW researchers led a community-based trial to adapt a peer-led intervention, Parents Taking Action, for low-income Black families raising children with autism in Baltimore. The psychoeducational and child behavior management intervention, led by trained Parent Leaders, is unique in that it considers families' cultural and socioeconomic characteristics. Our social work team worked closely with our community advisory board to make cultural adaptations to the manual for use in Baltimore with a majority Black population. Our social work team has since further adapted the program to deliver content in two six-week modules (12 weeks total).

Despite the social work team's efforts to understand and address racial autism disparities, a wholly community-based model has limitations. Once a child is referred to a clinic for developmental concerns, long appointment waitlists contribute to further delays in timely diagnosis and treatment, as well as parental distress. Wait times also contribute to appointment absenteeism, which further delays timely access to care. A study suggested support programs for waitlisted families can begin to address these challenges. In total, these studies have suggested an integrated community-clinical model can provide critical supports to children and their families while on a waitlist and strengthen connections between families and clinical providers. Thus, this project will test the feasibility, acceptability, and short-term outcomes of a peer-led program, Parents Taking Action with a clinical sample.