anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: Paresis of muscle groups in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) tends to present split phenomena. We explored the split phenomenon of fasciculation in multiple antagonistic muscle groups in ALS patients.
METHODS: One hundred and forty ALS patients and 66 non-ALS patients were included from a single ALS center. Muscle ultrasonography (MUS) was performed to detect fasciculation in elbow flexor-extensor, wrist flexor-extensor, knee flexor-extensor, and ankle flexor-extensor. Split phenomena of fasciculation between different antagonistic muscle groups were summarized, and the possible influence factors were analyzed through stratified analysis.
RESULTS: The frequency of split phenomenon of fasciculation intensity was significantly higher than those of muscle strength (26.1% vs. 7.1% for elbow flexor-extensor, 38.3% vs. 5.7% for wrist flexor-extensor, 37.9% vs. 3.0% for knee extensor-flexor, and 33.6% vs. 14.4% for ankle flexor-extensor) (P < 0.01). For muscles with 0-1 level of muscle strength (the Medical Research Council, MRC, score), significance difference in mean fasciculation intensity was observed only in ankle flexor-extensor. For muscles with 2-5 level of muscle strength, significant dissociation of fasciculation grade was common, especially among patients with slow rapid progression rate and both upper and lower motor neuron (UMN and LMN) involvement. As for non-ALS patients, no significant difference was observed in fasciculation intensity between antagonistic muscles.
CONCLUSION: Split phenomenon of fasciculation between antagonistic muscles was common and relatively specific in ALS patients. Muscle strength, progression rate, and UMN involvement were influence factors of the split phenomenon of fasciculation intensity.
INTRODUCTION: Our goal was to determine if board certification status was associated with improved postoperative outcomes for certain urologic oncology operations.
METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients aged 65 and over having radical prostatectomy (RP), radical cystectomy (RC), and radical or partial nephrectomy (RPN) by surgeons with New York State licenses from 2015 to 2021 using the Medicare limited dataset. Our primary exposure was surgeon American Board of Urology certification determined by the New York State Physician Profile. All surgeons were in practice for at least 5 years. Our primary outcomes were 90-day mortality, 30-day unplanned readmission, and hospital length of stay (LOS). We used multivariable linear and logistic regression adjusted for surgeon, hospital, and patient characteristics. We performed the analysis in R, and 2-sided P values < .05 were considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: We identified 12,601 patients who had a procedure performed. At the time of the procedure, a minority of procedures (1.3%) were performed by nonboard-certified (NBC) urologists. Among the patient cohort, there were 262 and 1419 mortality and readmission events, respectively; median LOS was 2 days (interquartile range 1155). Patients operated on by NBC urologists tended to have lower-volume surgeons who were less likely to be fellowship trained and to have surgery at smaller hospitals. Patients treated by NBC urologists were more likely to have RP, and less likely to have RC and RPN. On multivariate analysis, board certification was protective against readmission for RP (P < .001) and RC (P = .02), longer LOS for RC (P = .001), and mortality for RPN (P = .008).
CONCLUSIONS: Urology board certification was associated with fewer readmissions after RP and RC, a shorter LOS after RC, and a lower risk of mortality after RPN. Given low event numbers, these findings require validation with a larger dataset.
Meperidine should not be used for treatment of chronic pain. Meperidine should only be used in the treatment of acute episodes of moderate to severe pain. Prolonged meperidine use may increase the risk of toxicity (e.g., seizures) from the accumulation of the meperidine metabolite, normeperidine.

Meperidine hydrochloride tablets are opioid agonists and a Schedule II controlled substance with an abuse liability similar to morphine.

Meperidine hydrochloride tablets can be abused in a manner similar to other opioid agonists, legal or illicit. This should be considered when prescribing or dispensing meperidine hydrochloride tablets in situations where the physician or pharmacist is concerned about an increased risk of misuse, abuse, or diversion.
The Poultry Red Mite (PRM) Dermanyssus gallinae causes high economic losses and is among the most devastating parasites in poultry farming world-wide. Different chemical, physical and biological strategies try to control the expansion of PRM. However, a solution to this problem still has highest priority. We present here an innovative method for the development of an immunological control strategy, based on the identification of mite protein antigens which elicit antibodies with anti-mite activity in the immunized chicken. Hens were immunized with different PRM protein extracts and IgY-antibodies were extracted from the eggs. A PRM in vitro feeding assay which used chicken blood spiked with these IgY enabled the detection of antibodies which caused PRM mortality. A novel combination of 2D-gel analysis and comparative analysis of antibody binding patterns followed by proteomic approaches led to the identification of candidate antigens responsible for the generation of such protective antibodies. These results show the high potential of this strategy for the development of a vaccine against the poultry mite Dermanyssus gallinae.
A convenience sample of 20 participants, \>40 years with previously diagnosed bilateral KOA were recruited. Participants must have been diagnosed with bilateral knee OA and be able to perform all study procedures. All participants reported in comfortable clothing and sneakers. After explanation of the study and consent, participants completed the demographics questionnaire, Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), and knee function survey. Participants then completed a 3mph 3-minute walking baseline assessment. Following the assessment, participants rated their pain and were randomly assigned to receive a blinded topical of either Biofreeze® or a Placebo. The dose of both gels was 5 mL per knee. The participant then waited 15 minutes, rated their pain, and repeated the 3-minute walking assessment and rated their pain once more. There was a minimum of a 24-72-hour washout period after which time the participants repeated the same protocol using the other topical.
The necrotic bone was removed with rotating burs, curettage was performed, and the surface of the bone was smoothened. CGF was then applied to the surgical area in the study group (n=14), and the area was primarily closed after additional releasing incisions were made to the periosteum to assure tension-free soft tissue closure.
PURPOSE: A novel carbazomycin derivative compound having an antifungal activity is provided to be used as a novel antifungal agent. CONSTITUTION: A carbazomycin derivative compound is denoted by chemical formula 1 or 2. The carbazomycin derivative compound is isolated from Streptomyces ehimensis sp. JB201(KCTC18166P) in a marine sample. An antifungal agent contains the carbazomycin derivative compound as an active ingredient. The Streptomyces ehimensis sp. JB201(KCTC18166P) is able to produce the carbazomycin derivative compound of chemical formula 1 or 2.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carrier used for selectively delivering a functional molecule to a target tissue in a living body.  <P>SOLUTION: In the functional molecule carrier, a sugar chain selected from five types of specific sugar chains is combined, across a linker, with a histidine residue of a lysine dendrimer of the third generation or the fourth generation, with which a histidine residue which may have a substituent on a branched end is combined. The sugar chain includes 9 to 11 monosaccharides each having a branching structure. The linker connects the sugar chain to the histidine side of an amino acid dendrimer. The linker includes an atomic group including various bonding forms, for example, an amide bond, an ether bond, an ester bond, or a triazole ring-containing bond. The carrier improves the targetability and metabolism stability to a target tissue such as gallbladder, intestinal tract, kidney, and bladder.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
The hormone leptin, primarily secreted by adipocytes, plays a crucial role in regulating whole-body energy homeostasis. Homozygous loss-of-function mutations in the leptin gene (LEP) cause hyperphagia and severe obesity, primarily through alterations in leptin's affinity for its receptor or changes in serum leptin concentrations. Although serum concentrations are influenced by various factors (e.g., gene expression, protein synthesis, stability in the serum), proper delivery of leptin from its site of synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum via the secretory pathway to the extracellular serum is a critical step. However, the regulatory mechanisms and specific machinery involved in this trafficking route, particularly in the context of human LEP mutations, remain largely unexplored. We have employed the Retention Using Selective Hooks system to elucidate the secretory pathway of leptin. We have refined this system into a medium-throughput assay for examining the pathophysiology of a range of obesity-associated LEP variants. Our results reveal that leptin follows the default secretory pathway, with no additional regulatory steps identified prior to secretion. Through screening of leptin variants, we identified three mutations that lead to proteasomal degradation of leptin and one variant that significantly decreased leptin secretion, likely through aberrant disulfide bond formation. These observations have identified novel pathogenic effects of leptin variants, which can be informative for therapeutics and diagnostics. Finally, our novel quantitative screening platform can be adapted for other secreted proteins.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) drives viral B cell transformation and oncogenesis. LMP1's transforming activity depends on its C-terminal activation region 2 (CTAR2), which induces NF-κB and JNK by engaging TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6). The mechanism of TRAF6 recruitment to LMP1 and its role in LMP1 signalling remains elusive. Here we demonstrate that TRAF6 interacts directly with a viral TRAF6 binding motif within CTAR2. Functional and NMR studies supported by molecular modeling provide insight into the architecture of the LMP1-TRAF6 complex, which differs from that of CD40-TRAF6. The direct recruitment of TRAF6 to LMP1 is essential for NF-κB activation by CTAR2 and the survival of LMP1-driven lymphoma. Disruption of the LMP1-TRAF6 complex by inhibitory peptides interferes with the survival of EBV-transformed B cells. In this work, we identify LMP1-TRAF6 as a critical virus-host interface and validate this interaction as a potential therapeutic target in EBV-associated cancer.
Amlodipine and atorvastatin may cause myopathy (muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness with creatine kinase (CK) above ten times the upper limit of normal) and rhabdomyolysis (with or without acute renal failure secondary to myoglobinuria). Rare fatalities have occurred as a result of rhabdomyolysis with statin use, including amlodipine and atorvastatin. 

Risk Factors for Myopathy

Risk factors for myopathy include age 65 years or greater, uncontrolled hypothyroidism, renal impairment, concomitant use with certain other drugs, and higher amlodipine and atorvastatin dosage [see Drug Interactions (7.3)]. 

Steps to Prevent or Reduce the Risk of Myopathy and Rhabdomyolysis

Amlodipine and atorvastatin exposure may be increased by drug interactions due to inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzyme 3A4 (CYP3A4) and/or transporters (e.g., breast cancer resistant protein [BCRP], organic anion-transporting polypeptide [OATP1B1/OATP1B3] and P-glycoprotein [P-gp]), resulting in an increased risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis. Concomitant use of cyclosporine, gemfibrozil, tipranavir plus ritonavir or glecaprevir plus pibrentasvir with amlodipine and atorvastatin is not recommended. Amlodipine and atorvastatin dosage modifications are recommended for patients taking certain anti-viral, azole antifungals, or macrolide antibiotic medications [see Dosage and Administration (2)]. Cases of myopathy/rhabdomyolysis have been reported with atorvastatin co-administered with lipid modifying doses (>1 gram/day) of niacin, fibrates, colchicine, and ledipasvir plus sofosbuvir. Consider if the benefit of use of these products outweighs the increased risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis [see Drug Interactions (7.3)]. 

Concomitant intake of large quantities, more than 1.2 liters daily, of grapefruit juice is not recommended in patients taking amlodipine and atorvastatin tablets[see Drug Interactions (7.3)]. 

Discontinue amlodipine and atorvastatin tablets if markedly elevated CK levels occur or myopathy is diagnosed or suspected. Muscle symptoms and CK increases may resolve if amlodipine and atorvastatin tablets are discontinued. Temporarily discontinue amlodipine and atorvastatin tablets in patients experiencing an acute or serious condition at high risk of developing renal failure secondary to rhabdomyolysis (e.g., sepsis; shock; severe hypovolemia; major surgery; trauma; severe metabolic, endocrine, or electrolyte disorders; or uncontrolled epilepsy). 

Inform patients of the risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis when starting or increasing the amlodipine and atorvastatin dosage. Instruct patients to promptly report any unexplained muscle pain, tenderness or weakness, particularly if accompanied by malaise or fever.
Participants will receive a single 0.5 mL IM injection of PCV15 on Day 1. Participants in this arm received PPSV23 prior to the enrollment.
JANTOVEN has a narrow therapeutic range (index), and its action may be affected by factors such as other drugs and dietary vitamin K. Therefore, anticoagulation must be carefully monitored during JANTOVEN therapy. Determine the INR daily after the administration of the initial dose until INR results stabilize in the therapeutic range. After stabilization, maintain dosing within the therapeutic range by performing periodic INRs. The frequency of performing INR should be based on the clinical situation but generally acceptable intervals for INR determinations are 1 to 4 weeks. Perform additional INR tests when other warfarin products are interchanged with JANTOVEN, as well as whenever other medications are initiated, discontinued, or taken irregularly. Heparin, a common concomitant drug, increases the INR [see Dosage and Administration (2.8) and Drug Interactions (7)].

Determinations of whole blood clotting and bleeding times are not effective measures for monitoring of JANTOVEN therapy.
DNA or Placebo delivered intramuscularly at Months 0 and 1 followed by MVA or Placebo at Months 5 and Month 12+ (volunteers offered second MVA/placebo more than 12 months (late boost) after their enrollment into their original treatment assignment) delivered ID, SC, or IM according to original randomization. Vaccine:Placebo = blinded ratio, maximum in C2/D2/E2 = 16.
Patients will receive AZD9150 every two weeks (Q2W) plus durvalumab every three weeks (Q3W) plus carboplatin on Day 1 plus nab-paclitaxel on Days 1, 8, and 15 (every 3 weeks for up to 12-18 weeks). There will be a 1 week AZD9150 + chemotherapy lead-in prior to durvalumab dosing.
FIELD: medicine, dermatology, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to combined preparation - ointment for stimulation of skin reparation exhibiting broadened spectrum of action. Ointment containing lanolin, wax, vegetable oil and borax (emulsifier) has additionally bur-marigold and elecampane aqueous decoctions taken at the definite ratio of components. Preparation has no contraindications and symptoms of irritation, inflammation and skin exfoliation. EFFECT: improved quality and effectiveness of ointment. 3 ex
The efficacy of EBANGA has been evaluated in 174 subjects with confirmed Zaire ebolavirus infection in the PALM trial, a multi-center, open-label, randomized, controlled trial sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID; NCT03719586). The trial was conducted in the North Kivu and Ituri provinces in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where an outbreak began in August 2018, and enrolled 681 subjects of all ages, including pregnant women, with documented Zaire ebolavirus infection and symptoms of any duration who were receiving oSOC. Subjects were randomized to receive EBANGA 50 mg/kg IV as a single infusion, an investigational control 50 mg/kg IV every third day, for a total of 3 doses, or other investigational drugs. Eligible subjects had a positive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the nucleoprotein (NP) gene of Zaire ebolavirus and had not received other investigational treatments (with the exception of experimental vaccines) within the previous 30 days. Neonates ≤7 days of age were eligible if the mother had documented infection. Neonates born to a mother who had cleared Zaire ebolavirus following a course of her assigned investigational medication were also eligible to be enrolled at investigator discretion regarding the likelihood that the neonate was infected. Randomization was stratified by reverse transcription-PCR cycle threshold calculated using NP targets (CtNP ≤22.0 vs >22.0; corresponding to high and low viral load, respectively) and Ebola Treatment Unit (ETU) site. All subjects received oSOC consisting, at a minimum, of IV fluids, daily clinical laboratory testing, correction of hypoglycemia and electrolyte imbalances, and broad-spectrum antibiotics and antimalarials, as indicated. 

The primary efficacy endpoint was 28-day mortality. The primary analysis population includes all subjects who were randomized and concurrently eligible to receive either EBANGA or the investigational control during the same time period of the trial.

The demographics and baseline characteristics are provided in Table 4 below.

The PALM trial was stopped early on the basis of a pre-specified interim analysis showing a statistically significant reduction in mortality for EBANGA compared to control assessed at Day 28.

Mortality efficacy results are shown in Table 5 and Figure 1.

Figure 1: Kaplan-Meier Curve for Overall Mortality in PALM Trial
A person's fall risk may be determined based on machine learning algorithms. The fall risk information can be used to notify the person and/or a third party monitoring person (e.g. doctor, physical therapist, personal trainer, etc.) of the person's fall risk. This information may be used to monitor and track changes in fall risk that may be impacted by changes in health status, lifestyle behaviors or medical treatment. Furthermore, the fall risk classification may help individuals be more careful on the days they are more at risk for falling. The fall risk may be estimated using machine learning algorithms that process data from load sensors by computing basic and advanced punctuated equilibrium model (PEM) stability metrics.
FIELD: antiviral drugs. SUBSTANCE: vaccine comprises surface hepatitis B antigen and other antigens suitable for use in pediatric vaccines. Hepatitis B antigen is adsorbed on aluminum phosphate and other antigens on aluminum phosphate and aluminum hydroxide. Aluminum phosphate imparts stability to hepatitis B antigen in multivalent vaccine compositions. EFFECT: increased stability of multivalent vaccines having high immunological characteristics when injected to babies. 8 cl, 16 tbl, 10 ex
BACKGROUND: Some studies have reported that community pharmacies in developing countries, including Indonesia, provided sub-optimal advice when handling patient's self-medication request for cough. The reasons behind such advice, therefore, need to be investigated.
OBJECTIVES: To describe Indonesian pharmacists' clinical decision making when handling self-medication cases for a cough.
METHODS: An open-ended questionnaire consisting of two cough clinical vignettes (case 1: cough due to asthma worsening and case 2: cough as a symptom of common cold) were developed. Pharmacists were interviewed to provide recommendations and reasons for their recommendations for these scenarios. Content analysis was used to analyse participants' statements for the two scenarios. The number of participants who provided appropriate recommendations and reasons were then counted.
RESULTS: A total of 245 community pharmacists participated in the study. In the case of cough due to asthma worsening, recommending a product because the product was indicated to help with the symptoms was the most common recommendation and stated reason (40%). Appropriate recommendation (direct medical referral) with appropriate reasoning (indicating warning symptoms and/or making a symptom diagnosis) was provided by 25% participants. In the case of cough as a symptom of common cold, recommending products to help with the symptoms was also the most common recommendation and stated reason (53%). Appropriate recommendations (recommending product) with appropriate reasoning (providing product to treat the symptoms and/or indicating no warning symptoms and/or making a symptom diagnosis) was provided by 81% participants.
CONCLUSION: The ability of Indonesian community pharmacists to provide appropriate recommendations for cough self-medication requests is dependent on whether triage is required. The inability of most community pharmacists to differentiate between major and minor conditions may lead to serious health implications for patients and therefore educational interventions should be undertaken to improve community pharmacists' differential diagnostic skills for triage.
Participants assigned to this arm will attend online or in-person trainings on the SHARE! Peer Toolkit, which requires 60 hours of time to be completed over 10 weeks.
The extent to which tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells in transplanted organs possess alloreactivity is uncertain. This study investigates the alloreactive potential of TRM cells in kidney explants from 4 patients who experienced severe acute rejection leading to graft loss. Alloreactive T cell receptor (TCR) clones were identified in pretransplant blood samples through mixed lymphocyte reactions, followed by single-cell RNA and TCR sequencing of the proliferated recipient T cells. Subsequently, these TCR clones were traced in the TRM cells of kidney explants, which were also subjected to single-cell RNA and TCR sequencing. The proportion of recipient-derived TRM cells expressing an alloreactive TCR in the 4 kidney explants varied from 0% to 9%. Notably, these alloreactive TCRs were predominantly found among CD4+ and CD8+ TRM cells with an effector phenotype. Intriguingly, these clones were present not only in recipient-derived TRM cells but also in donor-derived TRM cells, constituting up to 4% of the donor population, suggesting the presence of self-reactive TRM cells. Overall, our study demonstrates that T cells with alloreactive potential present in the peripheral blood prior to transplantation can infiltrate the kidney transplant and adopt a TRM phenotype.