anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Recurrent and/or metastatic SCCHN patients are, by definition patients with recurrent disease and/or with newly diagnosed distant metastases, although this group of patients has a very heterogeneous disease characteristic, they share a dismal prognosis that has changed little in the past 30 years. The median survival time remains around 6-8 months with a poor quality of life. Patients with resectable locoregionally recurrent SCCHN may benefit from surgery. Patients with recurrent SCCHN who are not suitable for curative salvage surgery or re-irradiation, and patients who have distant metastases, usually receive CT (Cohen EE et al.) A number of compounds demonstrate single-agent activity in recurrent and/or metastatic disease including cisplatin, carboplatin, methotrexate, 5-FU, bleomycin and the taxanes ( Scantz SP et al). Cisplatin is one of the most active agents identified for head and neck cancer, with carboplatin providing an alternative for patients unable to tolerate cisplatin. While carboplatin is associated with lower response rates than cisplatin, there appears to be no difference between the agents in terms of survival

Cetuximab is a targeted therapeutic agent, a chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to the EGFR with high affinity, internalising the receptor and preventing the ligands EGF and TGF-alfa from interacting with the receptors and thus effectively blocking ligand-induced EGFR phosphorylation. In addition, cetuximab has been found to potentiate the effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in experimental systems. The dose of cetuximab has been found to be generally safe and effective in several studies in major tumor types expressing the EGFR. These included colorectal cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and non-small cell lung cancer, with cetuximab given either in combination studies with chemotherapy and radiotherapy or as monotherapy. The main side effects of cetuximab monotherapy are hypersensitivity- and acne-like skin reactions.
This article aims to assess the association between household demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) in Argentina during 2017-2018. CHE was estimated as the proportion of household consumption capacity (using both income and total consumption in separate estimations) allocated for Out-of-Pocket (OOP) health expenditure. For assessing the determinants, we estimated a generalized ordered logit model using different intensities of CHE (10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) as the ordinal dependent variable, and socioeconomic, demographic and geographical variables as explanatory factors. We found that having members older than 65 years and with long-term difficulties increased the likelihood of incurring CHE. Additionally, having an economically inactive household head was identified as a factor that increases this probability. However, the research did not yield consistent results regarding the relationship between public and private health insurance and consumption capacity. Our results, along with the robustness checks, suggest that the magnitude of the coefficients for the household head characteristics could be exaggerated in studies that overlook the attributes of other household members. In addition, these results emphasize the significance of accounting for long-term difficulties and indicate that omitting this factor could overestimate the impact of members aged over 65.
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Surgical repair is the mainstay of genital prolapse management. Among native-tissue apical procedures, high uterosacral ligaments suspension is considered a valid and effective option for central compartment repair. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, complications rate, and functional results of high USL suspension as a primary prolapse repair technique in a large cohort of patients.
METHODS: Patients who underwent vaginal hysterectomy followed by high uterosacral ligaments suspension for POP between January 2008 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Questionnaires and clinical interviews were preoperatively performed to assess symptoms and severity of urinary, bowel, and sexual dysfunctions. After surgical procedure, diagnostic cystoscopy was performed to evaluate ureteral patency. Postoperative data, objective, and subjective cure rate were then noted at the follow-up evaluation.
RESULTS: A total of 1099 patients underwent high uterosacral ligaments suspension. The total complication rate was 3.4 % and recurrence in any of the vaginal compartments was 12.4 %. Reoperation for symptomatic prolapse recurrence or pessary treatment was required in 9 women (0.9 %). In the evaluation of postoperative questionnaires, functional outcomes analysis revealed a significant improvement (p < 0.05) in terms of stress urinary incontinence, urge urinary incontinence, voiding symptoms, constipation, and dyspareunia after prolapse repair.
CONCLUSION: Uterosacral ligament suspension is a safe and effective procedure for primary surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse. Anatomical, functional, and subjective outcomes were very satisfactory, and the reoperation rate for recurrence was below 1%.
A total of 1,262 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus participated in two double-blind, placebo-controlled trials, one of 18-week and another of 24-week duration, to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sitagliptin monotherapy. In both monotherapy trials, patients currently on an antihyperglycemic agent discontinued the agent, and underwent a diet, exercise, and drug washout period of about 7 weeks. Patients with inadequate glycemic control (A1C 7% to 10%) after the washout period were randomized after completing a 2-week single-blind placebo run-in period; patients not currently on antihyperglycemic agents (off therapy for at least 8 weeks) with inadequate glycemic control (A1C 7% to 10%) were randomized after completing the 2-week single-blind placebo run-in period. In the 18-week trial, 521 patients were randomized to placebo, sitagliptin 100 mg, or sitagliptin 200 mg, and in the 24-week trial 741 patients were randomized to placebo, sitagliptin 100 mg, or sitagliptin 200 mg. Patients who failed to meet specific glycemic goals during the trials were treated with metformin rescue, added on to placebo or sitagliptin. 

Treatment with sitagliptin at 100 mg daily provided significant improvements in A1C, FPG, and 2-hour PPG compared to placebo (Table 6). In the 18-week trial, 9% of patients receiving sitagliptin 100 mg and 17% who received placebo required rescue therapy. In the 24-week trial, 9% of patients receiving sitagliptin 100 mg and 21% of patients receiving placebo required rescue therapy. The improvement in A1C compared to placebo was not affected by gender, age, race, prior antihyperglycemic therapy, or baseline BMI. In these 18-and 24-week trials, among patients who were not on an antihyperglycemic agent at trial entry, the reductions from baseline in A1C were -0.7% and -0.8%, respectively, for those given sitagliptin, and -0.1% and -0.2%, respectively, for those given placebo. Overall, the 200 mg daily dose did not provide greater glycemic efficacy than the 100 mg daily dose. The effect of sitagliptin on lipid endpoints was similar to placebo. Body weight did not increase from baseline with sitagliptin therapy in either trial, compared to a small reduction in patients given placebo.

Additional Monotherapy Trial 

A multinational, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was also conducted to assess the safety and tolerability of sitagliptin in 91 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance <50 mL/min). Patients with moderate renal insufficiency received 50 mg daily of sitagliptin and those with severe renal insufficiency or with ESRD on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis received 25 mg daily. In this trial, the safety and tolerability of sitagliptin were generally similar to placebo. A small increase in serum creatinine was reported in patients with moderate renal insufficiency treated with sitagliptin relative to those on placebo. In addition, the reductions in A1C and FPG with sitagliptin compared to placebo were generally similar to those observed in other monotherapy trials. [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Cathodal Cefaly tDCS is delivered over the visual cortex at 2 mA of intensity, for 20 minutes, everyday for 2 months, in 14 patients. The anode is placed over the left DLPFC.
BACKGROUND: Accurate assessment of left ventricular filling pressure in patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter (AF) remains difficult. A novel 2-dimensional scoring system, visually assessing time difference between mitral valve and tricuspid valve opening (VMT) score, based on temporal analysis of early diastolic valve opening, could be applied to these patients. We aimed to determine the usefulness of the VMT score in patients with AF.
METHODS: We analyzed 119 consecutive patients with AF who underwent cardiac catheterization as a derivation cohort. The diagnostic performance of the VMT score was further evaluated in an external data set containing 189 patients with AF. Elevated left ventricular filling pressure was defined as a mean pulmonary arterial wedge pressure ≥15 mm Hg. The time sequence of atrioventricular valve opening was visually assessed and scored (0, tricuspid valve first; 1, simultaneous; 2, mitral valve first). When the inferior vena cava was dilated, 1 point was added, and the VMT score was finally graded as 0 to 3. Conventional Doppler parameters to estimate left ventricular filling pressure were also measured.
RESULTS: Pulmonary arterial wedge pressure was elevated with an increase in the VMT score (0: 10±3, 1: 13±5, 2: 22±7, 3: 27±6 mm Hg; P<0.001), resulting in a significant rise in pulmonary arterial wedge pressure from VMT score 1 to 2. VMT≥2 predicted elevated pulmonary arterial wedge pressure with an accuracy of 87%, and the diagnostic accuracy of the VMT score was significantly higher than that of conventional Doppler parameters (C index, 0.88 versus 0.54-0.68; P<0.001). In addition, VMT ≥2 showed an incremental predictive value over plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels (C index, 0.79-0.93; P<0.001). In the external validation cohort, VMT≥2 demonstrated acceptable accuracy of 72%.
CONCLUSIONS: VMT scoring was a useful echocardiographic marker of elevated left ventricular filling pressure and had an incremental benefit over practical biomarkers in patients with AF.
In the broad field of inflammation, skeletal muscle is a tissue that is understudied. Yet it represents about 40% of body mass in non-obese individuals and is therefore of fundamental importance for whole body metabolism and health. This article provides an overview of the unique features of skeletal muscle tissue, as well as its adaptability to exercise. This ability to adapt, particularly with respect to mitochondrial content and function, confers a level of metabolic "protection" against energy consuming events, and adds a measure of quality control that determines the phenotypic response to stress. Thus, we describe the particular role of mitochondria in promoting inflammasome activation in skeletal muscle, contributing to muscle wasting and dysfunction in aging, disuse and metabolic disease. We will then discuss how exercise training can be anti-inflammatory, mitigating the chronic inflammation that is observed in these conditions, potentially through improvements in mitochondrial quality and function.
Mitotic errors generate micronuclei entrapping mis-segregated chromosomes, which are susceptible to catastrophic fragmentation through chromothripsis. The reassembly of fragmented chromosomes by error-prone DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair generates diverse genomic rearrangements associated with human diseases. How specific repair pathways recognize and process these lesions remains poorly understood. Here we use CRISPR/Cas9 to systematically inactivate distinct DSB repair pathways and interrogate the rearrangement landscape of fragmented chromosomes. Deletion of canonical non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) components substantially reduces complex rearrangements and shifts the rearrangement landscape toward simple alterations without the characteristic patterns of chromothripsis. Following reincorporation into the nucleus, fragmented chromosomes localize within sub-nuclear micronuclei bodies (MN bodies) and undergo ligation by NHEJ within a single cell cycle. In the absence of NHEJ, chromosome fragments are rarely engaged by alternative end-joining or recombination-based mechanisms, resulting in delayed repair kinetics, persistent 53BP1-labeled MN bodies, and cell cycle arrest. Thus, we provide evidence supporting NHEJ as the exclusive DSB repair pathway generating complex rearrangements from mitotic errors.
The present invention provides a composition containing ostrich antibodies for treating bacterial infection and a method for treating bacterial infection using the ostrich antibodies. The present invention also provides a method for producing the ostrich antibody. The infection may be a digestive tract infection. The ostrich antibody can be produced by using a component derived from a bacterium as an immunogen. The bacteria may be Clostridium difficile, Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus, etc. In addition, the bacteria may be drug-resistant bacteria.
The trial will be conducted in three sequential cohorts of 6-12 evaluable subjects each.

Cohort 1 will enroll eligible subjects for whom a single CB unit has been identified that meets the minimum HLA-matching criteria and has a minimum pre-cryopreservation total nucleated cell (TNC) dose of at least 2.5 x 10\^7 cells/kg. Cohort 2 is identical to Cohort 1, except that the TNC dose of the CB unit must be between 2.0 - \<2.5 x 10\^7 cells/kg. Finally, Cohort 3 is identical to Cohort 2, except that the TNC dose of the CB unit must be between 1.5 - \<2.0 x 10\^7 cells/kg. If no safety rules are triggered, the study will proceed to the next dosing cohort. Within a dosing cohort, no more than three subjects may be before Day 42 at any one time, unless they have already engrafted neutrophils. The final dosing cohort is defined as the last cohort where 12 evaluable subjects are treated and no stopping rules are triggered. The corresponding TNC dose level will be considered the minimally acceptable TNC dose level.
Conventional geriatric rehabilitation physical therapy (6x/week) during inpatient period. After discharge home, discontinuation of physical therapy.
The study team propose a 3 arm pre/posttest, RCT with a 4-step (approximately 12 months per step), stepped-wedge design to compare effects of usual outpatient palliative care (usual care) and usual care along with either nurse-led or chaplain-led DT on patient outcomes, cancer prognosis awareness. The study team will assign 6 outpatient palliative care sites to usual care during the first-step, and randomly assign two sites per step to begin and continue DT led by either a nurse or a chaplain during each of the next 3 steps. During the usual care steps, 280 patients will complete pretest measures and satisfaction with palliative spiritual care services, receive usual palliative care, and complete posttest measures. During the experimental steps as part of routine palliative care service delivery, 280 patients will complete pretest measures, receive nurse-led or chaplain-led DT, and complete posttest measures. Using mixed level analysis with site, provider (nurse, chaplain) and time (step) included in the model, the study team will compare the usual care and each of the DT groups for effects on dignity impact, existential tasks, and cancer prognosis awareness and explore the moderating effects of physical symptoms and spiritual distress. The study team will also determine the effect of usual care and DT on the patient's satisfaction with palliative spiritual care services and the report of the patient's unmet spiritual needs.
EF class II standard The researcher monitored the study children through therapy. The research used four types of EF class II standard appliances (Orthoplus, France). Patients were required to wear the EF class II standard device for at least 12 hours every day, including the entire night and at least 2 hours during the day.
PURPOSE: People with albinism (PwA) are known to have visual impairments; however, little is known about whether these functions are disrupted across earlier and later stages of the visual pathway. We investigated distinct perceptual functions and fixation stability within each observer and compared the data with age- (±5 years) and sex-matched controls.
METHODS: Twenty-one self-reported PwA and twenty-one controls were recruited. Angular-indication measurement (AIM) and foraging-interactive-D-prime (FInD) psychophysical methods were deployed to measure OS, OD, and OU near visual acuity, spatial contrast sensitivity function (CSF), temporal contrast sensitivity (tCS; 0.5 c/°; horizontal grating: 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 Hz), OU glare acuity, threshold-versus-contrast (2c/° vertical grating), long, medium, and short wavelength cone-isolated color detection, color discrimination, stereoacuity across spatial frequencies (1c/°, 2c/°, 4c/°, 8c/°), horizontal, circular, radial pattern and motion coherence, and equivalent-noise motion detection. Thresholds were determined by AIM and FInD and compared using N-ANOVAs, t-tests, planned multi-comparisons, correlations, and unsupervised, agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis for each group.
RESULTS: We found significant differences between groups for most visual functions except for simple and complex form-coherence (two way-ANOVAs, P > 0.05) and complex motion coherence. Correlations between outcomes revealed more significant correlations for PwA and differences in the specific correlates between groups. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering revealed different functional clusters between groups.
CONCLUSIONS: AIM and FInD successfully interrogated visual deficits in PwA. Overall, PwA showed impaired performance in achromatic, chromatic, temporal, and binocular functions, and had higher intrinsic noise levels. Midlevel vision was comparable between groups. Unsupervised cluster analysis and correlation between outcomes revealed a difference in functional outcome clusters between groups. The results may help to increase the efficiency of screening and identify target deficits for rehabilitation.
This study involves full-time, rigid TLSO's only. Braced subjects are followed every six months with radiography, clinical exam and self-reported evaluations of health and functioning. Orthotic evaluations are conducted every 6 months as as necessary to maintain brace fit and function.
Patients with MET amplification receive crizotinib PO BID on days 1-28. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo radiologic evaluation and collection of blood samples throughout the study. Patients may undergo biopsy at screening, on study, and/or at end of treatment.
PURPOSE: Estimate myocardial salvage index (MSI) using a single-gated Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (GSMPI) early after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and compare its predictive value with the traditional method especially for post-PCI left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) improvement and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs).
METHODS: GSMPI was performed in 62 patients with AMI early after PCI (3-10 days). The MSI and the conventional parameters were obtained, including total perfusion deficit, LVEF, peak ejection rate (PER), and peak filling rate (PFR). The new calculation method (scoring evaluation method means the extent of abnormality is the percentage of the total scores of abnormal segments divided by the sum of the maximum scores of all myocardial segments using 4-point and 5-point scale semi-quantitative scoring method) and the reference method (number evaluation method means the extent of abnormality is the percentage of the number of abnormal segments divided by the total number of myocardial segments) were applied to acquire the MSI. We compared the predictive ability of the 2 methods based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for LVEF improvement 6 months after PCI using MSI. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for depicting survival curves for predicting MACEs by the 2 methods. Cox proportional-hazards regression was applied to confirm the independent predictors of MACEs.
RESULTS: The MSI obtained by the new method indicated stronger prognostic significance in LVEF improvement [area under the curve (AUC): 0.793, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.620-0.912, P < .001] compared with the reference method (AUC: 0.634, 95%CI 0.452-0.792, P = .187). Delong's test revealed a statistically significant difference in AUCs between the 2 methods (P < .05, 95%CI 0.003-0.316). The diagnostic value of the scoring evaluation method was higher than that of the number evaluation method. The Cox prevalence of MACEs was substantially higher in the < median MSI group than in the ≥ median MSI group (hazard ratio: 0.172; 95% CI 0.041-0.724; P < .05] using the new method, whereas no considerable differences were observed between the 2 groups using the reference method (P = .12). Further, the multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that MSI was an independent indicator for predicting MACEs (P < .05).
CONCLUSION: The MSI obtained from a simple GSMPI early after PCI, using the scoring evaluation method, was a reliable prognostic indicator for predicting LVEF improvement and MACEs in AMI. It remarkably improved the prognostic value compared with the previous reference methods.
The disorder of gut microbiota has negative impact on male reproductive, and testicular damage is associated with obesity. However, the detailed mechanism of gut microbiota on the obesity-induced testis injury are still unknown. Therefore, we constructed a mouse model to investigate the effects of obesity on testis injury. In this study, we found that HFD-induced obesity could disorder gut microbiota homeostasis, which increased the abundance of Brevundimonas, Desulfovibrionaceae_unclassified and Ralstonia, ultimately leading to the overproduction of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Meanwhile, HFD-feeding promoted intestinal permeability via inhibiting expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin) and reducing excretion of mucus, leading to translocation of LPS. The over-accumulation of LPS in the bloodstream triggered an inflammatory response by activating TLR4/NF-κB pathway in testis. On the other hand, the gut microbiota produced-LPS also could induce ferroptosis in testis, as reflected by enhancing iron content and lipid peroxidation (MDA), as well as decreasing ferroptosis-related proteins, including GPX4, FTH1 and SLC1A11. Moreover, inhibition of LPS ligand (TLR4) with Resatorvid (TAK-242) alleviated obesity-induced testis injury through suppression of inflammation and ferroptosis. In conclusion, this study provides novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of obesity-related testis injury induced by gut microbiota disorder via the gut-testis axis, thus offering potential targets to counteract obesity-induced male reproductive disorder.