anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE:To provide a protein collected from a cultured solution after culturing human cells in a nutritive culture medium, exhibiting a tyrosinase synthesis inhibitory effect and a melanin synthesis inhibitory effect and useful as a medicine, a cosmetic, etc., e.g. for preventing and improving general pigmentation. CONSTITUTION:After reducing the immunoreaction by injecting an antiserum into a newborn hamster, a T cell such as HPB-MLT (Bikoken stipulation No. 2430), i.e., a human-derived cell capable of producing a melanin synthesis inhibitory protein is transplanted thereto and the hamster is bred for about three weeks. Tumors appearing in the subcutaneous tissue are subsequently collected, cut into thin pieces, dispersed in a saline and loosened. The resultant cells are cultured in a serum-free culture medium at 37 deg.C for 48hr, thus affording the objective protein exhibit 90000+ or -20000 molecular weight measured by SDS- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, 5.5+ or -0.5 isoelectric point, an absorption maximum in the vicinity of 280nm in its ultraviolet spectrum and a melanin synthesis inhibitory effect on a pigment cell, soluble in an aqueous solvent and stable at 80 deg.C for 30min and at 4 deg.C for 1 month in an aqueous solution (pH7.4) state.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject composition containing oil and fat in which n-3-based long-chain polybasic unsaturated fatty acid is distributed in a large amount at 1 position and/or 3 position of glyceride, capable of decreasing blood lipid concentration and having high suppressing effect on blood platelet coagulation ability by using a small amount of the composition. SOLUTION: This oil and fat-containing composition is obtained by blending with preferably 20-100wt.% oil and fat containing, as a fatty acid constituting glyceride, a n-3-based long chain polybasic unsaturated fatty acid (n 3-based fatty acid) in which <40mol% of total amount of the n-3 based fatty acid is a mixed triglyceride which is bound to 2 position of glyceride. Eicosapentaenoic acid and/or docosahexaenoic acid is preferably used as the n-3 based fatty acid. The mixed triglyceride is obtained by mixing, e.g. triglyceride of a fatty acid containing n-3 based fatty acid such as oil and fat of whale in a large amount with a fatty acid not containing n-3 based fatty acid or containing a small amount of n-3 based fatty acid to carry out transesterification.  A lipase having specificity at 1,3-position of glyceride, e.g. porcine pancreas lipase is preferably used as the transesterification catalyst.
Excessive intake of copper (Cu) may lead to increased inflammatory responses in brain, which can cause damage to neurons and glial cells, thereby affecting normal brain function. Omega-3 (ω-3) is a common dietary supplement, particularly rich in DHA in the brain, known for its anti-inflammatory properties and its role in lipid balance regulation and structural maintenance. Here, ω-3 is supplemented to Cu-exposed chickens to assess its neuroprotection in vivo and in vitro. Pathologically, ω-3 significantly alleviated structural and functional abnormalities in brain under excess Cu, including barrier disruption, neuronal shrinkage necroptosis and increased release of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β. The molecular docking analyses unveiled high enrichment values of inflammation and MAPK pathway, with IL-1β gene enrichment the highest value. Mechanistically, DHA stabilized the active site of IL-1β, thereby reducing the activation of NF-κB signal and phosphorylation of MAPK/MLKL cascades, ultimately mitigating Cu-induced inflammatory effects. These mechanisms elucidate the action mode of Cu neurotoxicity from aspect of MAPK/NF-κB/MLKL axis and the promising neuroprotection of ω-3.
Subjects will be provided both written and verbal instructions and given a kit containing placebo capsules. Subjects will be instructed to take 2 (inert) capsules with room temperature water in the morning and at bedtime.
RATIONALE: There are reports of safe cataract surgery in eyes with posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD); however, to our knowledge, there are no reports of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) in eyes with PPCD. Herein, we report a case of poor intraoperative visibility with gonioscopy, postoperative corneal edema, and corneal astigmatism in eyes with PPCD treated with trabecular micro-bypass stent combined with cataract surgery.
PATIENT CONCERNS/DIAGNOSIS: A 78-year-old man was referred to our hospital for MIGS. He presented with bilateral corneal endothelial vesicular changes and band lesions. Endothelial cell density was 2983/2871 cells/mm2 (right/left eye), central corneal thickness was 581 μm/572 μm, best-corrected visual acuity values (Snellen equivalent) were 20/32 (right) and 20/100 (left), and corneal astigmatism was -2.7D in the right eye and -2.5D in the left eye.
INTERVENSIONS/ OUTCOMS: After phacoemulsification and aspiration with intraocular lens implantation with a 2.4-mm corneal incision in both eyes, trabecular micro-bypass stents were inserted successfully despite the poor intraoperative visibility with gonioscopy. One week after surgery, the central corneal thickness was 614 μm/609 μm, and Descemet's membrane folds and mild corneal edema were observed. Best-corrected decimal visual acuity was 20/40 for the right eye and 20/50 for the left eye. In the left eye, total corneal astigmatism increased from -2.5D to -5.5D. Corneal astigmatism and edema showed gradual improvement.
LESSONS: Although reports have shown that cataract surgery can be safely performed in eyes with PPCD, MIGS in eyes with PPCD may require caution regarding intraoperative visibility with gonioscopy and visual function in the early postoperative period.
Manual therapy treatment shall be carried out at a high intensity that causes pain to the patient. The aim is to provoke a medium intensity pain to the patient of 5/10 in the NRS. The physiotherapist will ask every 30 seconds the pain provoked by the treatment with the numeric rating scale (NRS) and the patient will give continuous feedback. Based on this, the physiotherapist will adapt the intensity of the treatment to provoke a medium intensity pain.
As a group, vertically infected children experience more rapid disease progression than children infected at an older age or adults. The early administration of potent antiretroviral regimens might significantly impact the course of vertical HIV-1 infection.

Infants and children are stratified by age, representative of the developmental differences related to drug metabolism (Group I: at least 6 months - 2 years, Group II: 3-6 months, Group IIIA: 1 month - 10 weeks, IIIB: 1 month - less than 3 months). Within each age group there will be two possible dosage cohorts. All age groups will be enrolled simultaneously into dosage Cohort I, at the initial drug dosage. Progression to Cohort II (at a higher or lower drug dosage) will be decided according to safety, tolerance or viral load in Cohort I. All therapy for Group I/II, whether in Cohort I or II, will be introduced as follows: single dose of ritonavir on Day 0, ritonavir monotherapy through Day 7 AM and combination therapy from Day 7 PM through Week 104. All therapy for Group IIIA \& IIIB, whether in Cohort I or II, will be introduced as follows: single dose of ritonavir on Day 0 AM and transition to combination therapy Day 0 PM through Week 104. NOTE: Progression to combination therapy for Group IIIA infants is dependent upon the results of the single-dose ritonavir pharmacokinetics (PK). If the patient is no longer at least presumed to be HIV-infected, he/she will be discontinued from the study. Replacement infants, who will not receive the single dose of ritonavir, will be acquired from Group IIIB infants; new infants that are either presumed HIV infected or have already been shown to be HIV-infected. Clinical evaluations are conducted and blood and urine samples collected regularly during the treatment period in order to quantify HIV-1 levels and determine body chemistries. Pharmacokinetic studies require additional blood sampling up to Week 16. \[AS PER AMENDMENT 6/30/98: Pharmacokinetics data from Cohort I showed that the proposed Cohort II starting dose was too low. The dose for Cohort II is now increased. All subjects in Groups I, II, and III will begin combination therapy on Day 0 at the increased dose.\] \[AS PER AMENDMENT 3/13/00: The study has been extended for an additional 104 weeks, provided the patient's viral load is undetectable (below 400 copies/ml) at the end of the initial study period. While on the treatment extension, patients must continue their current schedule for study drug administration and completion of study visits.\]
Exercise is universally recommended as a primary strategy for the management of knee osteoarthritis (OA) pain. The recommendations are based on results from more than 100 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compare exercise to no-attention control groups. However, due to the inherent difficulties with adequate placebo control, participant blinding and the use of patient-reported outcomes, the existing RCT evidence is imperfect. To better understand the evidence used to support a causal relationship between exercise and knee OA pain relief, we examined the existing evidence through the Bradford Hill considerations for causation. The Bradford Hill considerations, first proposed in 1965 by Sir Austin Bradford Hill, provide a framework for assessment of possible causal relationships. There are 9 considerations by which the evidence is reviewed: Strength of association, Consistency, Specificity, Temporality, Biological Gradient (Dose-Response), Plausibility, Coherence, Experiment, and Analogy. Viewing the evidence from these 9 viewpoints did neither bring forward indisputable evidence for nor against the causal relationship between exercise and improved knee OA pain. Rather, we conclude that the current evidence is not sufficient to support claims about (lack of) causality. With our review, we hope to advance the continued global conversation about how to improve the evidence-based management of patients with knee OA.
PURPOSE: To objectively demonstrate eyelid spasms relief in hemifacial spasm (HFS) patients using a smartphone and a custom-made software.
METHODS: Nineteen patients with HFS had standardized videos recorded with a smartphone (iPhone 6S, Apple) camera before and 15 days after receiving onabotulinumtoxinA injections. Nineteen age-matched control subjects were also assessed. The Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR) is an algorithm previously described to determine whether the eye is opened or closed. When the eye is closed, EAR tends to be closer to zero. Analogously, if the eye is wide open, values are greater. A custom-made software using the EAR concept was developed and pre- and post-treatment EARs were analyzed to assess HFS patients.
RESULTS: Botulinum toxin (BoNT) injections led to a significant increase in the average EAR of the affected side: + 10.4% (p = 0.0175) of HFS patients, compared to baseline. Mean EAR before BoNT applications were significantly lower (16.2%) on the affected side (0.25 ± 0.05) of HFS patients when compared to controls (0.30 ± 0.05, p = 0.004). After BoNT injections, no statistically significant difference was observed for the average EAR between the affected side of HFS patients (0.27 ± 0.04) and controls (p = 0.20).
CONCLUSIONS: Use of a smartphone and custom-made software objectively demonstrated eyelid spasm relief in patients with HFS. Additional refinement of this system could permit more accurate assessments of treatment response rates for each patient, making it possible to be used in clinical practice.
ABSTRACT            A composition useful for treating herpes simplex viral infections in humans comprises about 102 to 108 I.U. of human interferon, about 0.1% to about 20% by weight of an antiviral surface active agent and a physiologically acceptable carrier.  Preferably, the interferon-containing composition comprises about 104 to 106 I.U. of human leukocyte interferon, about 1% to 5% by weight of a non- ionic surface active agent having at least one ether amide linkage, and a physiologically acceptable carrier.  These interferon-containing compositions are useful for treating herpes simplex viral infections in humans by topically administering an effective amount of the above-identified interferon-containing antiherpetic composition to the affected area.  Preferably, an effec-tive amount of the interferon-containing antiherpetic composition is topically administered to the affected area during the prodromal stage of viral multiplication. These interferon-containing compositions are usefully applied to the genital area of a human and, when so applied, would appear to be useful as a prophylactic for or in the treatment of in situ cervical carcinoma, since there is some belief that herpes simplex infection might be a co-carcinogen or a background etiological agent which might lead to in situ cervical carcinoma. A special aspect of the use of these interferon-containing compositions is the use of these compositions in the treatment of skin malignancies, pre-malignant skin lesions and skin diseases, such as herpes zoster and psoriasis.   These interferon compositions are also useful in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma or squamous carcinoma, actinic keratosis and leukoplakia.
Application of Comfort-in Jet Injection Method Comfort-in jet injection method was used for palatal anesthesia of the permanent 1st molar. Using a silicone flat cap, it was placed 5 mm below the palatal gingival margin, close to the free gingiva, and with a steep angle. 0.3 ml of anesthetic solution was administered by pressing the jet injection system button. 1 mL Articaine Hydrochloride (Ultracaine D-S forte, Hoechst, Canada) containing 1/100,000 epinephrine was used as a local anesthetic agent in the injections. 31 patients were included in this group and the procedure was performed. After waiting for 2 minutes, the anesthetized area was probed with the help of a probe (probing gingiva) to check whether the anesthesia had taken effect. Afterwards, buccal infiltration anesthesia was performed with the help of a traditional dental injector and tooth extraction was performed.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Currently, there are more than 4 million individuals with dementia in the United States with at least 400,000 deaths annually. AD is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder, characterized neuropathologically by widespread neuronal loss, presence of neurofibrillary tangles, and deposits of beta amyloid in cerebral blood vessels and neuritic plaques. Since the medial-temporal lobes, hippocampus, and association cortex are significantly impacted it is not surprising that the primary symptom of AD is a decline in cognitive functioning that leads to marked impairment in daily functioning. In particular, memory impairments, visuospatial decline, language difficulties, and loss of executive function are central cognitive symptoms of this illness. Behavioral disturbances such as agitation and hallucinations often accompany disease progression. The illness lasts approximately 7 to 10 years, with patients requiring total care in the latter stages. Thus, AD places a tremendous emotional and economic burden on both patients and their caregivers. Beyond a cure, therapeutic approaches which would alleviate the symptoms or delay progression could be of substantial psychological and economic benefit. Recent placebo controlled clinical trials have shown memantine to be efficacious in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe AD.

The aim of the proposed study is to determine if the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine has a neuroprotective effect on magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRS) measures of brain NAA and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volumetric measures of hippocampal volume. In secondary analyses, we will determine if measures of clinical stabilization produced by memantine in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) parallels stabilization of MRS measures of brain NAA and MRI volumetric measures of hippocampal volume.
Mining, a vital industry for economic growth, poses significant environmental pollution challenges. Failures in tailings dam containment have caused environmental contamination and raised concerns about preserving the globally significant biodiversity in the Atlantic Forest, which is under severe threat. Fruit-eating bats are key for forest regeneration as essential seed dispersers and pollinators. This study focuses on two keystone species, Artibeus lituratus and Sturnira lilium, exploring the effects of iron ore mining area (FEOA) and aluminum ore mining area (ALOA) on these bats, respectively, and comparing to individuals from a preserved Atlantic Forest fragment (FFA). Bats from FEOA showed higher Aluminum (Al), Calcium (Ca), Iron (Fe) and Barium (Ba) liver accumulation, as well as Ca and Fe muscle accumulation. These animals also showed higher liver and kidney oxidative damage associated with liver fibrosis and kidney inflammation. Brain and muscle also showed oxidative stress. Bats from ALOA showed higher Ca and Ba liver accumulation and Ca, Zinc (Zn), and Ba muscle accumulation, along with higher brain oxidative stress, liver fibrosis, and kidney inflammation. Our findings indicate that iron and aluminum ore mining activities cause adverse effects on bat tissues, posing a potential threat to biodiversity maintenance in the Atlantic Forest.
INTRODUCTION: Childhood stunting is associated with poorer child health, growth and development including diminished cognitive abilities. Mapping out the links between child stunting and Early Childhood Education and Development is critical to increasing understanding of the causes and effects of childhood stunting, and for programme and policy development. The aim of this study is to investigate and compare the development and educational environments across India, Indonesia and Senegal, and to identify the multifactorial drivers and impacts of childhood stunting to inform a new typology.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This current study is part of an interdisciplinary observational research study, where women are recruited during pregnancy and mother-infant pairs followed prospectively, up to 24 months after birth. Eight measures will be used to profile children's early development and learning environments in two sample cohorts: (A) children aged 12 and 24 months born to the women recruited during pregnancy (ie, 500 pregnant mothers per country) and (B) a preschool case-control cohort of siblings from the main cohort aged between 3:6 and 5:6 years of age where anthropomorphic measures will be collected to assess degrees of stunting. Profiling of the development and learning environments in the countries will include both parent/caregiver self-reported and local staff (enumerators) direct assessments of children and settings.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study was approved by the institutional ethics committees of all partner institutions. In India, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad; In Indonesia, Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia; and in Senegal, National Ethics Committee for Scientific Research in Senegal.The findings of the study will be disseminated in national and international meetings, seminars, conferences and peer-reviewed journals.
The investigators have adopted a single-arm intervention pilot study to assess the potential effects of a nutrition/physical activity behavioural intervention in women with a history of GDM within the past 5 years. The investigators have designed the intervention to include in-person sessions- but at a feasible frequency for busy mothers- as well as telephone calls and an on-line discussion forum, to provide an ongoing source of support, information, and accountability. Further, participants' partners will be invited to some of the in-person sessions and childcare will be provided on-site. Importantly, there are no meal replacements included, despite the study title, because focus group discussions indicated that this was not of interest to the target population.

The investigators will hold in-person sessions at a frequency of once per month over a 4-month period. In addition to the in-person, on-site sessions, we will arrange for participants to have in a grocery store 'tour' led by a student from the McGill School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition BSc program. This will allow a review of label reading and interpretation as well as tips on produce selection. Details of the intervention are provided under the trial arm section below.
On Cycle Day 2 or Day 3, a single intra-abdominal injection of Org 36286 120 μg was administered to participants. On stimulation Day 8, a daily subcutaneous dose of Puregon® 150 IU was administered up to and including the time of Pregnyl® administration as a single dose of 10,000 IU subcutaneously. The maximum treatment duration of Puregon® 150 IU was 19 days. Orgalutran® 0.25 mg was administered subcutaneously once daily up to and including the day of Pregnyl®, when the leading follicle reached a size of \>= 14 mm.
At birth, extreme preterm infants (≤28 weeks) have inconsistent respiratory drive, airway instability, surfactant deficiency and immature lungs that frequently result in respiratory failure. Management of these infants is difficult and most will require endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation (ETT-MV) within the first days of life to survive. ETT-MV is an invasive therapy that is associated with adverse clinical outcomes including ventilator-associated pneumonia, impaired neurodevelopment, and increased mortality. Consequently, clinicians try to remove ETT-MV as quickly as possible. However, 25 to 35% of these extubation attempts will fail and infants will require reintubation, an intervention that is also associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Therefore physicians must determine the optimal time for extubation which minimizes the duration of ETT-MV and maximizes the chances of success. A variety of objective measures have been proposed to assist with this decision but none has proven to be useful clinically. Investigators from this group have recently explored the predictive power of indices of autonomic nervous system function based on measurements of heart rate (HRV) and respiratory variability (RV). The use of sophisticated, automated algorithms to analyze those cardiorespiratory signals have shown some promising preliminary results in predicting which infants can be extubated successfully.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject curing agent capable of expressing synergistic effects and useful for curing mastitis caused by intra-mammal bacterial infections of domestic animals, especially cows by containing a chemotherapeutic agent and a chitinous substance. SOLUTION: This agent for curing mastitis of domestic animals contains (A) a chemotherapeutic agent (preferably a cell wall synthesis inhibitor) and (B) a chitinous substance. Preferably the ingredient A and the ingredient B are in the same or separated formulations, In a method for curing mastitis, as a method for administering the ingredient B, a method for injecting into a mamma via catheter or the like is cited. As a method for administering the ingredient A, the ingredient A is administered through the same or a different way as the ingredient B such as the injection or the injection into the mamma same as the aforesaid method or others. The ingredient B is preferably administered in 100-0.0001 mg per 1 kg body weight of the domestic animal. Thus, the mastitis of the cows can be cured in a short period and economic effects of hosts are expected.