anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A punctum plug includes a proximal head, a shaft, and a distal body, and an axial bore. The head is defined by a flexible circular flange with a convex upper portion and a concave lower portion. The body defines a frustoconically tapered distal tip and a two wings that extend in an arc and taper in thickness. The wings can extend further radially than the flange of the head. A recessed groove is defined around the shaft extending between the wings and a wall structure connecting the winged portions of the body. The above structure permits one plug or fewer plugs to accommodate a broad patient population.
Administer HYCODAN by the oral route only.

Always use an accurate milliliter measuring device when administering HYCODAN oral solution to ensure that the dose is measured and administered accurately. A household teaspoon is not an accurate measuring device and could lead to overdosage [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]. For prescriptions where a measuring device is not provided, a pharmacist can provide an appropriate measuring device and can provide instructions for measuring the correct dose. Do not overfill. Rinse the measuring device with water after each use.

Advise patients not to increase the dose or dosing frequency of HYCODAN because serious adverse events such as respiratory depression may occur with overdosage [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2), Overdosage (10)]. The dosage of HYCODAN should not be increased if cough fails to respond; an unresponsive cough should be reevaluated for possible underlying pathology [see Dosage and Administration (2.3), Warnings and Precautions (5.4)].
Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is the most common complication of chimeric antigen receptor redirected T cells (CAR-T) therapy. CAR-T toxicity management has been greatly improved, but CRS remains a prime safety concern. Here we follow serum cytokine levels and circulating immune cell transcriptomes longitudinally in 26 relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma patients receiving the CAR-T product, ciltacabtagene autoleucel, to understand the immunological kinetics of CRS. We find that although T lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages are the major overall cytokine source in manifest CRS, neutrophil activation peaks earlier, before the onset of severe symptoms. Intracellularly, signaling activation dominated by JAK/STAT pathway occurred prior to cytokine cascade and displayed regular kinetic changes. CRS severity is accurately described and potentially predicted by temporal cytokine secretion signatures. Notably, CAR-T re-expansion is found in three patients, including a fatal case characterized by somatic TET2-mutation, clonal expanded cytotoxic CAR-T, broadened cytokine profiles and irreversible hepatic toxicity. Together, our findings show that a latent phase with distinct immunological changes precedes manifest CRS, providing an optimal window and potential targets for CRS therapeutic intervention and that CAR-T re-expansion warrants close clinical attention and laboratory investigation to mitigate the lethal risk.
The active group of TRD will receive the accelerated intermittent TBS(iTBS).The iTBS cycles including 10 bursts of three pulses at 50 Hz were delivered in 2-second trains. Each iTBS session comprised 60 x 2 second trains, with an 8-second intertrain interval and total duration of 10-minutes.Treatment sessions were administered hourly 10 times a day totaling 18,000 pulses/day. Patients received this treatment protocol for 5 consecutive days (90,000 pulses in total).
The patients in the ciprofol group were given intravenous injection of ciprofol 0.4 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1 mg/kg in turn. The interval between each drug administration was 1 minute, and the patients received electroconvulsive therapy after anesthesia.
Periodontal and periimplant flaps closed with at least one suture with Polyglycolic Acid Absorbable suture, synthetic, 4-0. (TAGUM®).
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an antiyeast agent, comprising a saponin-containing extract prepared from a seed of Camellia sinensis or Camellia oleifera as an active ingredient, derived from a natural product, capable of manifesting excellent antiyeast activities and suitable as an additive to medicines, cosmetics, foods, etc. SOLUTION: This antiyeast agent comprises a saponin-containing extract prepared from a seed of Camellia sinensis or Camellia oleifera as an active ingredient. The extract is obtained by immersing, e.g. the pulverized seed in a solvent kept at normal temperatures or a temperature near the boiling point and then purifying the resultant seed extract according to liquid-liquid partition extraction, various chromatographies, etc. A hydrophilic solvent such as water or methanol or a mixture thereof is preferably used as the extracting solvent. The antiyeast agent is usually preferably used in an amount so as to provide 0.0001-0.1wt.% saponin concentration in the action state.
NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is closely related to silica particle‑induced chronic lung inflammation but its role in epithelial remodeling, repair and regeneration in the distal lung during development of silicosis remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to determine the effects of the NLRP3 inflammasome on epithelial remodeling and cellular regeneration and potential mechanisms in the distal lung of silica‑treated mice at three time points. Pulmonary function assessment, inflammatory cell counting, enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay, histological and immunological analyses, hydroxyproline assay and western blotting were used in the study. Single intratracheal instillation of a silica suspension caused sustained NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the distal lung. Moreover, a time‑dependent increase in airway resistance and a decrease in lung compliance accompanied progression of pulmonary fibrosis. In the terminal bronchiole, lung remodeling including pyroptosis (membrane‑distributed GSDMD+), excessive proliferation (Ki67+), mucus overproduction (mucin 5 subtype AC and B) and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (decreased E‑Cadherin+ and increased Vimentin+), was observed by immunofluorescence analysis. Notably, aberrant spatiotemporal expression of the embryonic lung stem/progenitor cell markers SOX2 and SOX9 and ectopic distribution of bronchioalveolar stem cells were observed in the distal lung only on the 7th day after silica instillation (the early inflammatory phase of silicosis). Western blotting revealed that the Sonic hedgehog/Glioma‑associated oncogene (Shh/Gli) and Wnt/β‑catenin pathways were involved in NLRP3 inflammasome activation‑mediated epithelial remodeling and dysregulated regeneration during the inflammatory and fibrotic phases. Overall, sustained NLRP3 inflammasome activation led to epithelial remodeling in the distal lung of mice. Moreover, understanding the spatiotemporal profile of dysregulated epithelial repair and regeneration may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for inhalable particle‑related chronic inflammatory and fibrotic lung disease.
Cohort 1 will consist of patients who have been pre-treated with checkpoint inhibitors only (2nd line setting for cabozantinib). Cohort 2 will consist of patients who have been pre-treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy and checkpoint inhibitors (3rd line setting for cabozantinib). Both cohorts receive the same treatment.
Participants considered an adult according to local regulations at the time of signing informed consent may participate in this study. Participants will be randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive ASP2215 or salvage chemotherapy. Participants will enter the screening period up to 14 days prior to the start of treatment. Prior to randomization, a salvage chemotherapy regimen will be pre-selected for each participant; options will include low-dose cytarabine (LoDAC), azacitidine, mitoxantrone, etoposide, and intermediate-dose cytarabine (MEC), or fludarabine, cytarabine, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) with idarubicin (FLAG-IDA). The randomization will be stratified by response to first-line therapy and pre-selected salvage chemotherapy. Participants will be administered treatment over continuous 28-day cycles.

After treatment discontinuation, participants will have a pre-hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT)/end-of-treatment visit within 7 days after treatment discontinuation, followed by a 30-day follow-up for safety, in which a telephone contact with the participant is sufficient unless any assessment must be repeated for resolution of treatment-related adverse events (AEs). After that, long term follow-up will be done every 3 months up to 3 years from the participant's end-of-treatment visit.
A dosing structure which is designed to provide a more prolonged release of the opiate when the dose is taken in the presence of alcohol, compared with taking the dose with water and no alcohol, is new. An oral dosing form (I) comprising an opiate has a dosing structure designed to provide prolonged release of the opiate in the presence of an aqueous medium containing alcohol in a concentration of ca. 20 vol.% or more. The ratio of the average maximum opiate concentration in the blood plasma from a single dose via an aqueous medium containing alcohol to the same average maximum opiate concentration from a single dose via an alcohol-free aqueous medium is less than or equal to ca. 1.8:1. Independent claims are also included for: (1) oral dosing form (II) as per (I), except that the ratio is less than or equal to ca. 5:1; (2) oral dosing form (III) comprising an opiate and a dosing structure designed to provide prolonged release of the opiate in the presence of an aqueous medium containing alcohol in a concentration of ca. 20 vol.% or more, such that the amount of opiate released into the medium over an extended period of ca. 2 h is ca. 80 wt.% or less of that released into an alcohol-free aqueous medium, as measured in vitro; (3) oral dosing form (IV) comprising an opiate and a dosing structure designed to provide prolonged release of the opiate in the presence of an aqueous solution containing alcohol in a concentration of ca. 20 vol.% or more, so that the ratio of the average time taken to reach the maximum concentration in blood plasma for a single dose via an aqueous medium containing alcohol to the same time for a single dose for an alcohol-free aqueous medium is ca. 0.5-1.0; and (4) use of (I)-(IV) for producing painkillers.
The invention discloses a method of preparing a plurality of activation materials from ginkgo leaves, and belongs to a manufacturing method of chemical substances or a manufacturing method of drugs. Strong polarity macroporous adsorption resin or polarity macroporous adsorption resin is adopted for separation, and is adopted to solve the problems that the amount of ginkgolic acid is high when the prior ginkgo extract is prepared, and solve the problems that a large amount of organic solvent is consumed when the prior ginkgo active substances are extracted and prepared, and accordingly the environment is polluted, or that a complex separation technology can not enlarge production, or that extraction efficiency is not high, and use ratio of raw materials is low and the like. The method of preparing the plurality of activation materials from the ginkgo leaves can simultaneously obtain a plurality of active substances such as ginkgo polysaccharide, ginkgol biloba extracts, ginkgol biloba general flavone, ginkgol biloba total lactones, gbilobalide A monosome, gbilobalide B monosome, gbilobalide C monosome and the like. The technical scheme is that the method comprises a raw material pretreatment step, an extraction step, a polysaccharide precipitation step, a macroporous resin separation step, a silica gel dry-column separation step, a reversed phase chromatography purification step, a crystallization step and the like, saves production cost, and improves work efficiency. The process of the method is simple and convenient to conduct. The method can be easily enlarged to the commercial process, and meanwhile greatly increase use ratio of raw materials.
Epileptic spasms comprise an infantile epileptic encephalopathy characterized by hypsarrhythmia on EEG, and frequent neurodevelopmental regression. Unfortunately the treatment of this disorder remains difficult. The first-line options which include hormonal therapy, i.e., adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) or oral corticosteroids, and vigabatrin are effective in 60-70% of the patients. Hormonal therapy is considered the best available treatment. Vigabatrin being expensive and of limited availability is not a feasible option for most patients in our setting. Also, these are associated with significant side effects, and high relapse rates. Newer drugs such as topiramate, zonisamide, and levetiracetam have also been evaluated; however these drugs are less effective than ACTH. The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high fat, low carbohydrate diet. It has been used for treatment of intractable childhood epilepsy. The KD has also been shown in three retrospective studies to be effective for intractable infantile spasms; often after ACTH and vigabatrin have failed. A few previous studies have shown good efficacy of the ketogenic diet on infantile spasms. The traditional ketogenic diet, with 4:1 ratio of fat: carbohydrate + protein has its drawbacks. It restricts calories and fluids, and requires weighing of foods. Protein is generally restricted to 1 g/kg/day, with the majority of remaining calories in the form of fat. This may lead to hypoproteinemia and growth problems. Hospitalization is generally advocated for diet initiation, both for fasting and non-fasting initiation. Side effects of the diet include kidney stones, constipation, acidosis, diminished growth, weight loss, and hyperlipidemia.

The modified Atkins diet is a non-pharmacologic therapy for intractable childhood epilepsy that was designed to be a less restrictive alternative to the traditional ketogenic diet. This diet is started on an outpatient basis without a fast, allows unlimited protein and fat, and does not restrict calories or fluids. Early studies have demonstrated efficacy and safety. Preliminary data have shown efficacy in refractory infantile spasms. Modified Atkins diet may be of special importance in infants, as proteins are not restricted; hence fewer problems with growth are expected. This diet is also ideal for resource-constraint settings with paucity of trained dieticians. Hence this study has been planned to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the modified Atkins diet in children with epileptic spasms refractory to hormonal treatment in a randomized controlled trial.
Growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) preparation which is excellent in stablity by having human serum albumin or glycine incorporated therein, with or without buffer. An amount of human serum albumin or glycine contained is usually 100  mu g to 30 mg per 100  mu g GRF. The preparation may be in the solid or solution form, preferably in the lyophilized form. An amount of buffer, if added, is preferably enough so that pH of the preparation is kept at 2-7. More preference is that the preparation is kept in nitrogen gas atmosphere. The lyophilized preparation is readily usable for, for example, injection.
This randomized control trial study aims to investigate the efficacy of a values clarification prototype mobile application intervention in enhancing motivation and facilitating decluttering in individuals with clinical levels of hoarding symptoms. Participants will be recruited using a variety of recruitment methods (e.g., Google Ads, posts on relevant online groups such as Facebook groups, posting flyers, and provider referrals). Interested participants will first complete a pre-screen asking about their age, country of residence, and whether they own an appropriate mobile device (i.e. iOS or Android). Eligible participants, who must be at least 18 years old and residing in the United States, will be provided with a consent form to sign and then directed to further screening to determine whether they meet the clinical cutoff for hoarding symptoms. Individuals who decline to participate or are screened as ineligible will be screened out and provided with a brief list of other resources they may access for clutter/hoarding problems. Individuals who consent and are screened as eligible will be redirected to complete a baseline survey and then randomly assigned to one of three groups with equal probability: (1) Experimental group with the values clarification mobile application, (2) psychological placebo group with the self-reflection mobile application, and (3) no-treatment waitlist group. Four weeks after baseline, participants will be asked to complete a post-treatment survey and eight weeks after baseline, participants will be asked to complete a final, follow-up survey. The no-treatment waitlist participants will be given the opportunity to download and use either prototype mobile app, and participants assigned to use one of the apps will be given the opportunity to use the alternative app.
Behavioral: Seated Rest In the seated rest control condition, participants will sit on the bike for 30 minutes. Interaction with researchers will be kept at a minimum, similar to that in other sessions. Heart rate will be recorded every two minutes and perceived exertion will be reported every four minutes.
Self-management training will be delivered to the participants in this exercise group via video and they will be asked to watch it. The exercise program will consist of functional exercises focused on trunk stabilization, including warm-up and cool-down periods, 3 times a week for 12 weeks, and will be shared with the participants through videos taken by the physiotherapist. Exercise training will be completed with a 10-minute warm-up exercise followed by 40-minute trunk stabilization and functional exercises for the upper and lower extremities, followed by a 10-minute cooling-down program consisting of flexibility exercises. Participants will be checked weekly by phone to determine exercise tracking. Progression in exercise training will be achieved with new videos that include an increase in the number of repetitions of the participants and the addition of elastic bands to the exercises.
INTRODUCTION: Birth is a normal physiological process, and many women want a natural birth. Women use a range of non-pharmacological pain relief methods to reduce labour pain intensity, to help manage labour pain and to induce relaxation. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of women using Virtual Reality as a non-pharmacological method of pain relief in labour. Virtual Reality has been shown to be an effective distraction technique in other acute pain settings which also reduces anxiety.
METHODS: This study conducted qualitative in-depth interviews postnatally with women who used Virtual Reality in labour. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data.
RESULTS: Nineteen women used Virtual Reality in labour. Results from interviews with nineteen women in the postnatal period identified three main themes: impact of virtual reality on experience of labour, managing the pain of labour and challenges of using virtual reality in labour.
CONCLUSION: This study identified that Virtual Reality was effective as a relaxation technique and helped in pain management by the use of self-efficacy techniques. Women in this study also identified preferred virtual environments specifically to use during labour and birth. This study provides a unique and original contribution to the field of Virtual Reality in labour and birth. It also identifies Virtual Reality as an acceptable and positive experience in the management of anxiety and labour pain.
BACKGROUND: Behcet's disease (BD) is a multisystem disorder prevalent along the historic Silk Road, with Behcet's uveitis (BU) representing a significant complication contributing to disability. Various studies have linked different HLA alleles with BD across diverse populations.
METHODS: In this study, we investigated the association between HLA-B51:01/x and HLA-B27/x genotypes with Behcet's uveitis in 50 unrelated Iranian patients diagnosed with Behcet's uveitis, comparing them to a control group of 70 healthy individuals. Our analysis aimed to determine the susceptibility conferred by these alleles and assess their clinical relevance.
RESULTS: Our findings indicate a notable susceptibility conferred by the HLA-B51:01/x genotype for Behcet's uveitis (P=0.0001). Conversely, the B27/x genotype did not demonstrate significant associations with Behcet's uveitis. Furthermore, we employed prevalence-corrected positive predictive value (PcPPV) calculations to gauge the clinical utility of testing for these alleles within the Iranian Behcet's uveitis patient population. The PcPPV for B27/x genotype testing was determined to be 0.05%, while the PcPPV for B51:01/x genotype testing in the same population was 0.065%. These results suggest that carriers of the B*51:01 allele, when presenting with clinical symptoms, exhibit a heightened risk for Behcet's uveitis compared to the general population.
CONCLUSION: Individuals carrying the B51:01 allele, when symptomatic, face an elevated Behcet's uveitis risk. This insight aids in targeted clinical assessments for at-risk populations.
Serratus anterior plane block was administered to patient in the supine position with ipsilateral arm abducted to 90°. Under aseptic precautions, linear probe was placed over the midclavicular region in the sagittal plane. Ribs were counted inferiorly and laterally until the fifth rib was identified in midaxillary line. Latissimus dorsi, teres major, and serratus anterior muscles were identified overlying the fifth rib. The intended puncture site was infiltrated with 2 mL of 2% lignocaine, and using ultrasound-guided in-plane approach, the needle was introduced in caudal to cranial direction until the tip was placed between the serratus anterior muscle and external intercostal muscle.
All patients included in the study, will be started on Sulfasalazine 1 gm once daily and in the absence of side effects increased to 2gm daily All patients will also receive folic acid 5 mg twice weekly. At the end of four weeks the patients will be reassessed with baseline hemogram, SGPT, SGOT and serum Creatinine. Group 2 patients will receive Sulfasalazine and placebo for methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine.