anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) refers to nausea and vomiting that occurs within 24-h after surgery or in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). Previous studies have reported that the use of remimazolam, a newer benzodiazepine (BDZ) hypnotic, for anesthesia results in less PONV. In this study, we compared the rate of PONV between sevoflurane and remimazolam after general anesthesia.
METHODS: In this prospective randomized controlled trial, participants aged 20-80 years who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy or hemicolectomy were randomized to either the remimazolam or sevoflurane group. The primary outcome was PONV incidence for 24-h after surgery. Secondary outcomes comprised of PONV at 30-min post-surgery, postoperative additional antiemetic use, and Quality of Recovery-15 (QOR-15) score at 24-h postoperatively.
RESULTS: Forty patients were enrolled in the study. The remimazolam group exhibited significantly lower rates of PONV for 24-h after surgery than did the sevoflurane group (remimazolam group vs. sevoflurane group; 5% vs. 45%, P = 0.003, respectively). The use of dexamethasone, a rescue antiemetic administered within 24 h of surgery, was substantially lower in the remimazolam group than in the sevoflurane group (0% in remimazolam vs. 30% in sevoflurane, P = 0.020). The QOR-15 score at 24-h after surgery showed no significant difference between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Compared to sevoflurane, opting for remimazolam as an intraoperative hypnotic may decrease the incidence of PONV and reduce antiemetic use for 24 h after laparoscopic surgery.
In the 16 week resistance training, there will be 3 sessions per week, the duration of each session will be 60 minutes, which include 10min of warm-up, 40min of main exercise, and 10min of cool-down. The intensity will be light to somewhat hard (Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) 11 to 13; using the Cantonese version of RPE). In resistance training, the weights (resistance) will be from participants' own bodies, dumbbells, and adjustable ankle weights.
Acupuncture is used as an adjuvant therapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but available evidence for efficacy is weak. Growing studies suggest that resident gut microbiota contributes to the development and progression of AD. Acupuncture is reported to treat gastrointestinal and neurodegenerative disorders via the gut-brain axis. The aim is to determine if adjunctive acupuncture acts as an AD treatment rather than a placebo, and identify if benefits are linked to shifts of the gut microbiota.

This is a randomized, participant-masked, sham-controlled trial. One hundred and sixty participants with mild AD will be randomly assigned (1:1) to either active acupuncture or non-penetrating sham acupuncture (3 times weekly for 14 weeks) added to donepezil treatment (5 mg per day for 28 weeks). The primary efficacy outcome is the change from baseline to week 28 in the Alzheimer's disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-cog12). Secondary efficacy outcomes include other assessments of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Alzheimer's disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL), Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and gut microbiota.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize practical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease by determining soluble amyloid precursor protein(sAPP) conveniently using an antibody therefor. SOLUTION: An antibody to be used is prepared as follows. An animal is immunized with a peptide having amino acid sequence of immunogen, i.e., sAPP, or a part thereof to produce a polyclonal antibody, exhibiting reactivity to sAPP, in the serum thereof. Preferably, lien of immunized animal is extracted and an antibody producing cell, contained therein, is fused with a myeloma cell to produce hybridoma which is then cloned to produce a large quantity of uniform monoclonal antibody. An objective substance in a specimen is captured by one antibody fixed to an insoluble carrier and then the other antibody bonded with a labeled substance causes reaction. Objective substance is determined by detecting the activity of labeled substance bonded onto the insoluble carrier.
In this study, a mandala-based breastfeeding program will be applied to primiparous mothers at 32-36 weeks of gestation. The study will be conducted to determine the effect of mandala-based breastfeeding programs on postpartum breastfeeding self-efficacy, breastfeeding rates, and maternal-infant attachment of primiparous mothers. Training on breastfeeding and mother-baby bonding and mandala drawings supporting training will be sent online to primiparous pregnant women who are at 32-36 weeks of gestation and agree to participate in the study. The study is planned to be conducted with 72 pregnant women (intervention group=36, control group=36). Telephone follow-up and counseling will continue in the postpartum period. In the postpartum period, follow-up and counseling will continue until the second month.
BACKGROUND: This study investigated the genetic characteristics of five Chinese families with keratoconus (KC).
METHODS: In the five families affected by KC, medical records, clinical observations, and blood samples were collected from all individuals. All KC family members (n = 20) underwent both whole exome sequencing of genomic DNA and Sanger sequencing to confirm the variants. Online software was utilized to analyze all variants, and the online server I-TASSER was employed for in silico predictions of the three-dimensional protein structures of the variants. The newly discovered variants and single nucleotide polymorphisms were further examined in 322 sporadic KC patients.
RESULTS: The Pentacam tomographic composite index in those affected first-degree family members of the probands showed a pathological change. Five new variants were detected in the five probands and other affected members in their families: a heterozygous missense variant g.19043832C>T (p.Ser145Asn) in the homer scaffolding protein 3 (HOMER3) gene; a heterozygous missense variant g.99452113G>A (p.Gly483Arg) in the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) gene; a heterozygous missense variant g.55118280G>T (p.Trp843Leu) in the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein like 6 (EML6) gene; a heterozygous frameshift variant c. 1226_1227del (p.Gln410Glufs*17) in the DOP1 leucine zipper-like protein B (DOP1B) gene; and a heterozygous splice-site variant c.7776+2T>A in the neurobeachin-like protein 2 (NBEAL2) gene. These variations were predicted to be potentially pathogenic and associated with KC.
CONCLUSION: Five novel variants in HOMER3, IGF1R, EML6, DOP1B, and NBEAL2 genes were identified in this study and may be associated with the pathogenesis of KC. This study provides new information about the gene variants and their protein changes in KC patients. The findings should be explored further and could potentially be applied to the early diagnosis of KC before clinical onset.
The usage of compounds that improve fetal and neonatal outcome of preterm birth is described. These compounds are scavengers of ROS, their precursors, and agents that induce production of the scavengers. Examples of these compounds are glutathione, NAC, antioxidants, and spin trapping compounds. These compounds improve fetal outcome by inhibiting a fetal inflammatory process that may affect the fetus independently of prematurity. This fetal inflammatory response is characterized by increased cytokine and matrix metalloproteases (MMP) levels both in the mother and fetus and may be modulated by ROS at different levels. Targeting ROS formation with compounds such as specific antioxidants, glutathione or spin trapping compounds, their precursors, and/or agents which induce their production will suppress both the direct effects of ROS and its indirect effects through cytokines and MMPs already circulating in the system. This therapeutical intervention would limit the pathophysiological chain of events that ultimately leads to PPROM, preterm birth and/or adverse fetal and neonatal outcome.
T cell anergy has been correlated with defective Ras signaling. However, neither a causal relationship nor the mechanism of Ras hypoactivation have been established. Using adenoviral transduction of CAR Tg T cells to enable genetic manipulation in nonproliferating cells, we show that Ras61L restores IL-2 production and MAP kinase signaling in T cells anergized in vitro or in vivo. A gene array screen revealed upregulated diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) in the anergic state, which was confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. A DGK inhibitor significantly restored IL-2 production by anergic cells. Our data support a causal role for DGK and defective Ras signaling in T cell anergy.
The effect of the InsuPad device was studied using the Meal Tolerance Test protocol or the daily life setting protocol. In the Meal Tolerance Test protocol subjects consumed a standardized liquid meal taken immediately after injection of insulin bolus (0.2 units/kg body weight). Each subject went through the same Meal Tolerance Test protocol twice, once with the InsuPad device (test conditions) and again without the InsuPad device (control conditions) in randomized order. The study started after an overnight fast and stabilization period in which the subject glucose level was stabilized between 100-150 mg/dl, using I.V glucose solution/oral glucose or intravenous insulin administration if needed. The patient remained stable (change of glucose level \<20mg/dl) without any intervention or infusion 30 min prior to the study. Blood glucose measurements were taken from a peripheral venous at pre-specified time points. Total follow up time was 5 hours post meal. Safety limits of the study were 75 mg/dl as the low limit and 300 mg/dl as the high limit. If the subject's blood glucose level was below 75 mg/dl glucose solution was given orally to increase his blood glucose level. If subjects blood glucose was above 300 mg/dl iv insulin was given to reduce blood glucose level.

In the daily life setting protocol subjects meeting the inclusion exclusion criteria enrolled to the study. Study length was up to 25 months. Up to one month run in period, up to 12 months with the device (test) and up to 12 months without the device (control). Subjects were asked to perform at least 3 blood glucose measurements a day. Subjects were asked to fill logbooks with measured blood glucose levels and insulin doses given during the whole study. Subjects were asked to report any adverse event during the study. The subjects received a tutorial about the device usage and the study procedures. The order of the test and control phases was randomly selected.
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to phthisiourology, and can be used for diagnosing renal tuberculosis by ex juvantibus type 2 therapy. That is ensured by administering Perchlozone as an anti-tuberculosis preparation. Additionally, the renal region is exposed to radiation of an infrared laser with power 15 mWt for 10 minutes on each kidney alternating sides. Therapeutic course is two months. Before and after therapy, such symptoms as pain intensity by analogue scale in scores, number of daily urination, leukocyturia, haematuria are evaluated. If the above values are increased by 25 % or more, renal tuberculosis is diagnosed.EFFECT: method provides sensitive specific high-performance diagnostics available for use both in hospital and in outpatient practice.1 cl, 2 ex
The main characteristic of polycystic kidney disease is the development of multiple fluid-filled renal cysts. The discovery of mislocalized sodium-potassium pump (Na,K-ATPase) in the apical membrane of cyst-lining epithelia alluded to reversal of polarity as a possible explanation for the fluid secretion. The topic of apical Na,K-ATPase in cysts remains controversial. We investigated the localization of the Na,K-ATPase and assessed the apical-basolateral polarization of cyst-lining epithelia by means of immunohistochemistry in kidney tissue from six polycystic kidney disease patients undergoing nephrectomy. The Na,K-ATPase α1 subunit was conventionally situated in the basolateral membrane of all immunoreactive cysts. Proteins of the Crumbs and partitioning defective (Par) complexes were localized to the apical membrane domain in cyst epithelial cells. The apical targeting protein Syntaxin-3 also immunolocalized to the apical domain of cyst-lining epithelial cells. Proteins of the basolateral Scribble complex immunolocalized to the basolateral domain of cysts. Thus, no deviations from the typical epithelial distribution of basic cell polarity proteins were observed in the cysts from the six patients. Furthermore, we confirmed that cysts can originate from virtually any tubular segment with preserved polarity. In conclusion, we find no evidence of a reversal in apical-basolateral polarity in cyst-lining epithelia in polycystic kidney disease.
The safety and efficacy of clonidine hydrochloride extended-release tablets in the treatment of ADHD have been established in pediatric patients 6 to 17 years of age. Use of clonidine hydrochloride extended-release tablets in pediatric patients 6 to 17 years of age is supported by a short-term, placebo-controlled monotherapy trial and a short-term adjunctive therapy trial  [see Clinical Studies (14)] . Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients below the age of 6 years has not been established. 

Additional pediatric use information for patients ages 6 to 17 years is approved for Concordia Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s KAPVAY (clonidine hydrochloride) extended-release tablets. However, due to Concordia Pharmaceuticals Inc.’s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that pediatric information.

Juvenile Animal Data

A study was conducted in which young rats were treated orally with clonidine hydrochloride from day 21 of age to adulthood at doses of up to 300 mcg/kg/day, which is approximately 3 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 0.4 mg/day on a mg/m 2 basis. A slight delay in onset of preputial separation (delayed sexual maturation) was seen in males treated with the highest dose (with a no-effect dose of 100 mcg/kg/day, which is approximately equal to the MRHD), but there were no drug effects on fertility or on other measures of sexual or neurobehavioral development.
A hospital ward management system based on BS. From the perspective of a user, the invention adopts MYECLIPSE 8.5.5 development tools to compile, and the background database adopts MySQL database to support, and the interface beautification is processed by using ADOBE PHOTOSOPCS 3 picture processing software. The system comprises a system setting module, a patient management module, a doctor management module, a user management module, an evaluation management module, payment management, ward distribution, a nurse management module and the like. Each module realizes related operations of addition, deletion, modification, query and the like. In order to ensure the security of the system, when a user logs in the system design, the user needs to input a correct job number and a correct user password to enter the system, and users with different identities have different authorities. The invention has reasonable design, friendly and beautiful interface, flexible, convenient and quick human-computer information interaction, safety and reliability, and the system has great expandability.
Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PPQ) Cambodia s frontline artemisinin (ART) combination therapy (ACT) for Plasmodium falciparum malaria is failing to cure nearly half of patients in its western provinces. These treatment failures are caused by parasite strains that are resistant to both ART and PPQ, yet sensitive to mefloquine (MQ) in vitro and in vivo. These findings, and previous studies showing that PPQ treats MQ-resistant infections in patients, led us to hypothesize that parasites have not developed cross-resistance to both PPQ and MQ. Given that DHA-PPQ and AS+MQ have both failed rapidly to resistance when used alone, we propose to treat patients with triple ACT (TACT) containing DHA-PPQ + MQ. We believe that this TACT will more effectively cure patients than either ACT alone, and will continue to achieve acceptably high cure rates and help to eliminate malaria in Cambodia until new drugs are developed and deployed. This protocol thus aims to measure the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of DHA-PPQ + MQ versus DHA-PPQ or AS-MQ alone in a multi-site, open-label, randomized clinical trial. In each of three Cambodian provinces (Pursat, Preah Vihear, and Ratanakiri) where DHA-PPQ is failing, we will recruit subjects aged 2 to 65 years with uncomplicated falciparum malaria (randomized 1:1), In Pursat and Preah Vihear we will treat them with either DHA-PPQ + MQ or AS-MQ alone and in Ratanakiri we will treat them with either DHA-PPQ + MQ or DHA-PPQ alone for three days, and follow them for 42 days to assess for recrudescent parasitemia an indicator of treatment failure. The main safety concern of this study is that DHA-PPQ + MQ may cause electrocardiographic (ECG) changes that could predispose a patient to develop clinically significant arrhythmias. This is because PPQ is known to cause prolongation of the ECG corrected QT (QTc) interval, and MQ may further increase PPQ levels (and thus the risk of further QTc prolongation) through pharmacokinetic interactions involving CYP3A4, a liver enzyme that metabolizes both drugs. To monitor for such an event, we will obtain ECG recordings before and after each drug dose. The safety and tolerability of TACT versus ACT will also be assessed through periodic tests of hematopoietic, hepatic, and renal function, and frequent symptom questionnaires. We will also administer a single low dose of primaquine, which kills P. falciparum gametocytes, on Day 2 to interrupt the transmission of parasites to mosquitoes and promote the elimination of malaria in Cambodia. During hospitalization and followup, we will obtain a series of research blood samples to estimate the prevalence of genetic markers for ART, PPQ, and MQ resistance; to develop a genotyping platform for rapidly surveying known drug resistance-associated mutations; investigate the genomic and transcriptomic basis of drug-resistance mechanisms; confirm the elimination of parasites and gametocytes from the bloodstream using sensitive molecular methods; measure the ex-vivo susceptibility of parasites to antimalarial drugs, and cryopreserve parasites for future studies to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance.
Repeated implantation failure (RIF) is a significant limiting factor in assisted reproduction. Chronic endometrial inflammation has been noted in RIF women, therefore we sought to investigate the potential association of endometrial Th17/Treg ratio and endometrial inflammation in these cases. Endometrial pipelle biopsies were obtained from volunteers, 29 women with RIF (failure to achieve pregnancy following at least 3 transfers of high-grade embryos in IVF-cycles) and 27 fertile women (at least one child) in total, at the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. Using tissues from 17 fertile and 18 RIF endometrial samples, stromal and immune cells were isolated and flow cytometry analysis was performed to determine Th17 and CD4+ CD25high FOXP3+ cell populations in endometrial stromal cell suspensions. Another group of tissues from 10 fertile and 11 RIF samples were used for mRNA expression levels of Treg and Th17-cell transcription factors, FOXP3 and RORγt respectively. Endometrial inflammatory mediators' mRNA expression was also analyzed. A statistically significant increase in protein flow cytometry analysis of Th17/Treg ratio (p ≤ 0.05) as well as a reduction in absolute Treg cells in the endometrium (p ≤ 0.05) was noted in women with RIF. Additionally, RNA analysis on the same set of women indicated RORγt/FOXP3 significantly increased in women with RIF compared to fertile ones (p ≤ 0.05). Finally, women with RIF exhibited significantly (p ≤ 0.05) elevated mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory mediators (ΤΝF-a, ΙL-6, IL-8 and CCl2). Women with RIF exhibit elevated Th17/Treg ratio, mostly due to endometrial Treg depletion, as well as a pro-inflammatory state in the endometrium.
For L1-L4 segment, percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy(PETD) will be performed. An 1cm length incision was made at 8-14cm lateral of the paraspinous process, where a needle puncture to the superior articular process of the lower involved vertebrae of the herniated disc. A series of conical rods are to be introduced, subsequently a reamer is to be introduced through the cannula. After removal of the disc herniation, the cannula and endoscope are to be removed. For L5/S1 segment, percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy(PEID) was performed. An incision of nearly 7 mm was made at the entry point of the skin, and a series of expansion channels were sequentially inserted into the surface of the ligamentum flavum.Then, the ligamentum flavum and soft tissue around it were removed. Then, the tongue of the working cannula was inserted and rotated into the lateral nerve root. Removed the prominent nucleus pulposus by various nucleus pulposus forceps.
Acute pancreatitis is a complex inflammatory disease resulting in extreme pain and can result in significant morbidity and mortality. It can be caused by several factors ranging from genetics, alcohol use, gall stones, and ductal obstruction caused by calcification or neutrophil extracellular traps. Acute pancreatitis is also characterized by immune cell infiltration of neutrophils and M1 macrophages. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a pattern recognition receptor that has been noted to respond to endogenous ligands such as high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein and or exogenous ligands such as lipopolysaccharide both of which can be present during the progression of acute pancreatitis. This receptor can be found on a variety of cell types from endothelial cells to resident and infiltrating immune cells leading to production of pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as immune cell activation and maturation resulting in the furthering of pancreatic damage during acute pancreatitis. In this review we will address the various mechanisms mediated by TLR4 in the advancement of acute pancreatitis and how targeting this receptor could lead to improved outcomes for patients suffering from this condition.
Topical steroids are the mainstays of treatment for many cutaneous reactions and disorders. Steroids are known to cause many side effects and few effective pharmacologic alternatives exist. Contact dermatitis is observed in 56% of patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) being treated with topical mechlorethamine gel. This usually requires chronic treatment with mid-to high-potency steroids. Numerous chemo/immunotherapies are associated with cutaneous reactions including paronychia, hand and foot syndrome, and acneiform rash. Skin toxicity often requires dose reduction of cancer therapies and a variety of skin directed therapies including topical antibiotics and topical steroids. Cutaneous reactions are often the earliest manifestation of acute graft versus host disease. Skin manifestations can be debilitating and treatment usually requires high potency topical steroids. Additional therapies are needed for the treatment of disorders that rely on topical steroids.