anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Persistent inflammation during chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may affect the immune response against severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2) infection. Plasma levels of multiple proinflammatory cytokines during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection were measured in people with HIV (PWH) with effective combination antiretroviral therapy. There were no significant differences in any of the measured cytokines between severity levels of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in PWH, while most were significantly higher in HIV-uninfected individuals with severe COVID-19, suggesting that excess cytokines release by hyperinflammatory responses do not occur in individuals with severe COVID-19 with HIV infection. The strong associations between the cytokines observed in HIV-uninfected individuals, particularly between IFN-α/TNF-α and other cytokines, were lost in PWH. The steady-state plasma levels of IP-10, ICAM-1, and CD62E were significantly higher in PWH, indicating that they were in an enhanced inflammatory state. The absence of several inter-cytokine correlations was observed in in vitro lipopolysaccharide stimulus-driven cytokine production in PWH. These data suggest that inflammatory responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection in PWH are distinct from those in HIV-uninfected individuals, partially because of the underlying inflammatory state and/or impairment of innate immune cells.
After anesthesia induction, patients will receive spine surgery under general anesthesia in the prone position. Ringer's lactate solution will be infused at 1ml/（kg·h ） as a basal speed. Ringer's lactate solution at a volume of 250ml will be used as a bolus dose. Repeat bolus doses will be given to maintain PPV at 6\~9% when necessary. Intraoptic pressure and optic sheath diameter will be measured at multiple time points.
Menopausal women experience neuropathic pain 63% more frequently than men do, which may attribute to the estrogen withdrawal. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the role of estrogen receptors (ERs) in ovariectomized (OVX) female mice following chronic constriction injury (CCI) was investigated. With 17β-estradiol (E2) supplemented, aggravated mechanical allodynia in OVX mice could be significantly alleviated, particularly after intra-anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) E2 delivery. Pharmacological interventions further demonstrated that the agonist of G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor 30 (GPR30), rather than ERα or ERβ in the ACC, exhibited the similar analgesic effect as E2, whereas antagonist of GPR30 exacerbated allodynia. Furthermore, OVX surgery reduced GPR30 expression in the ACC, which could be restored with estrogen supplementation. Selective downregulation of GPR30 in the ACC of naïve female mice induces mechanical allodynia, whereas GPR30 overexpression in the ACC remarkedly alleviated OVX-exacerbated allodynia. Collectively, estrogen withdrawal could downregulate the ACC GPR30 expression, resulting in exacerbated neuropathic pain. Our findings highlight the importance of GPR30 in the ACC in aggravated neuropathic pain during menopause, and offer a potential therapeutic candidate for neuropathic pain management in menopausal women.
BACKGROUND: The global obesity pandemic has led to an alarming rise in the prevalence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), making it a substantial clinical and economic burden on society. Early detection and effective treatment of MAFLD are imperative to mitigate its impact.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted involving 4634 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2017-2018 cycle. Transient elastography (TE) was used to diagnose MAFLD and assess the extent of liver steatosis and fibrosis. Multivariate logistic regression models were utilized to examine the association between the triglyceride and glucose index-waist circumference (TyG-WC) and the risk of MAFLD, liver fibrosis, and steatosis.
RESULTS: A positive association between TyG-WC and MAFLD persisted across all three models: model1: OR = 8.44, 95% CI: 6.85-10.38 (unadjusted), model2: OR = 8.28, 95% CI: 6.53-10.50 (partially adjusted), and model3: OR = 7.98, 95% CI: 4.11-15.46 (fully adjusted). Further investigation through interaction and stratified analysis revealed that this association was more pronounced in the non-obese and Non-Hispanic White persons groups. Moreover, a non-linear relationship analysis unveiled threshold and saturation effects between TyG-WC and MAFLD. Specifically, a TyG-WC value of approximately 600 may represent the threshold effect for MAFLD risk, while 1200 may signify the saturation effect of MAFLD risk. Finally, a robust correlation between TyG-WC and the severity of liver steatosis and fibrosis was found.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the TyG-WC index exhibits excellent predictive value for MAFLD in the general American population.
Randomized in a 10:2 ratio to 608 160mg or placebo 2-weekly by subcutaneous injection during induction period. During the maintenance period, participants will receive 608 160mg or placebo 4-weekly.
AIMS: The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of self-management behaviour and illness perceptions and to examine illness perceptions in relation to self-management behaviour in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted, and 152 elderly COPD patients were recruited via the convenience sampling method. The COPD Self-Management Scale and the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire for COPD patients were used to examine self-management behaviour and illness perceptions. Pearson correlation analysis, univariate analysis and hierarchical linear regression analysis were used to explore illness perceptions in relation to self-management behaviour.
RESULTS: The mean overall score for self-management behaviour was 2.90 ± 0.39. Among the subscales of self-management behaviour, information management had the lowest score of 2.20 ± 0.76. Patients' demographic and clinical characteristics, including educational level, smoking status, type of primary caregiver, home oxygen therapy and COPD duration, were found to be significant determinants of self-management behaviour. After controlling for these variables, several illness perception subscales, including treatment control, personal control, coherence, timeline cyclical and identity, were significantly correlated with self-management behaviour.
CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed that elderly COPD patients' self-management behaviour was unsatisfactory and that illness perceptions were significant determinants of self-management behaviour. The findings may contribute to the development of self-management interventions for elderly COPD patients.
BACKGROUND: Cerebral collateral circulation plays a crucial role in determining the extent of brain ischemia in large vessel occlusive (LVO) stroke. Heart failure (HF) is known to cause cerebral hypoperfusion, yet the relationship between HF and robustness of collateral flow has not been well described.
METHODS: Consecutive patients with middle cerebral and/or internal carotid LVO who underwent endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) between 2012 and 2020 were included. Single-phase head CTA prior to EVT was used to assess collateral status (poor <50 % filling; good ≥50 %). Classification of HF by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on echocardiogram was used where HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) had LVEF ≤40 %, HF with preserved EF (HFpEF) had LVEF ≥50 % with evidence of structural heart disease, and no HF had LVEF≥50 % without structural heart disease. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between HF and poor collaterals.
RESULTS: We identified 235 patients, mean age was 69 ± 15 years; initial NIHSS was 18 ± 7. Of these, 107 (45.5 %) had HF and 105 (44.7 %) had poor collaterals. Those with HF were likely to have poor collaterals compared to those without HF (56.1 % vs 35.2 %, P = 0.001). There was a dose-dependent relationship between EF and poor collaterals: adjusted odds of poor collaterals were 1.63 and 2.45 in HFpEF and HFrEF, compared to those without HF (trend P = .018).
CONCLUSION: Patients with HFrEF are more likely to have poor cerebral collaterals. Further study is needed to explore the pathomechanisms. Optimization of HF may improve cerebral collaterals and enhance EVT outcomes.
The maximum single recommended adult dose of sumatriptan succinate injection is 6 mg injected subcutaneously. If side effects are dose limiting, then lower doses may be used (see Table 1). 

The maximum recommended dose that may be given in 24 hours is two 6-mg injections separated by at least 1 hour. Controlled clinical trials have failed to show that clear benefit is associated with the administration of a second 6-mg dose in patients who have failed to respond to a first injection. 

In patients receiving MAO inhibitors, decreased doses of sumatriptan should be considered (see WARNINGS: Concomitant Drug Use and CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Drug Interactions: Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors). 

Since the injection is intended to be given subcutaneously, intramuscular or intravascular delivery should be avoided. Patients should be directed to use injection sites with an adequate skin and subcutaneous thickness to accommodate the length of the needle. 

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration before administration whenever solution and container permit.
BACKGROUND: Prior studies characterizing worsening heart failure events (WHFE) have been limited in using structured healthcare data from hospitalizations, and with little exploration of sociodemographic variation. The current study examined the impact of incorporating unstructured data to identify WHFE, describing age-, sex-, race and ethnicity-, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)-specific rates.
METHODS: Adult members of Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) with a HF diagnosis between 2014 and 2018 were followed through 2019 to identify hospitalized WHFE. The main outcome was hospitalizations with a principal or secondary HF discharge diagnosis meeting rule-based Natural Language Processing (NLP) criteria for WHFE. In comparison, we examined hospitalizations with a principal discharge diagnosis of HF. Age-, sex-, and race and ethnicity-adjusted rates per 100 person-years (PY) were calculated among age, sex, race and ethnicity (non-Hispanic (NH) Asian/Pacific Islander [API], Hispanic, NH Black, NH White) and LVEF subgroups.
RESULTS: Among 44,863 adults with HF, 10,560 (23.5%) had an NLP-defined, hospitalized WHFE. Adjusted rates (per 100 PY) of WHFE using NLP were higher compared to rates based only on HF principal discharge diagnosis codes (12.7 and 9.3, respectively), and this followed similar patterns among subgroups, with the highest rates among adults ≥75 years (16.3 and 11.2), men (13.2 and 9.7), and NH Black (16.9 and 14.3) and Hispanic adults (15.3 and 11.4), and adults with reduced LVEF (16.2 and 14.0). Using NLP disproportionately increased the perceived burden of WHFE among API and adults with mid-range and preserved LVEF.
CONCLUSION: Rule-based NLP improved the capture of hospitalized WHFE above principal discharge diagnosis codes alone. Applying standardized consensus definitions to EHR data may improve understanding of the burden of WHFE and promote optimal care overall and in specific sociodemographic groups.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: the innovation refers to the synthesis of active substances, particularly, to that of ecdisteroids, concretely, to the synthesis of shidasterone observed at its lowest amounts in some plant varieties, for example, Blehnum niponicum and Vitex canescens. The method is performed due to interaction of 20-hydroxyecdisone (1) with trifluoroacetic anhydride at the action of compound 1 upon suspension in chloroform of three-fold molar excess of a reagent. Thirty minutes later one should observe homogenization of reaction mixture. On conducting evaporation and chromatography, shidasterone was isolated at 42% yield value. EFFECT: more simplified method, higher output of the target product. 2 dwg
Disclosed is a method for providing a patient (102) with the ability to collect and manage personal health records. The method comprises receiving monitoring data from a patient monitoring device (111) associated with the patient (102) over a network. The monitoring data can then be used to generate a personal health record (107). Then the personal health record (107) is stored in a computer readable storage medium at a server (108). The patient (102) can access the personal health record (107) over the internet through a user account associated with the patient (102). A user interface is provided with the user account allowing the patient (102) to selectively provide access to the personal health record to a health care provider (104).
Participants will self-administer blinded UMEC (62.5 mcg) each morning (once daily) as one inhalation from the double-blind DPI over a treatment period of 12 weeks. Participants will receive open labeled ICS/LABA medication through out duration of the treatment period as background treatment.
Intervention group: 30 participants with unilateral peripheral vestibular disorders. Exposed to vestibular reeducation.
Patients receive placebo PO QD. Treatment continues for up to 6 months in the absence of unacceptable toxicity.
BACKGROUND: T-Lymphocyte activation is modulated by the adipokine leptin and serum concentrations of this hormone can be reduced with short-term calorie restriction. The aim of this study was to understand whether leptin per se is important in determining levels of T-lymphocyte activation in humans, by investigating whether the reduction in leptin concentration following calorie restriction is associated with a decrease in T-Lymphocyte activation in blood and adipose tissue.
METHODS: Twelve men with overweight and obesity (age 35-55 years, waist circumference 95-115 cm) reduced their calorie intake by 50% for 3 consecutive days. Blood and subcutaneous adipose tissue were obtained for isolation of immune cells and cytokine analysis. CD4+ and CD8 + T-Lymphocytes were identified and characterised according to their expression of activation markers CD25 and CD69 by flow cytometry.
RESULTS: Serum leptin was reduced by (mean ± SEM) 31 ± 16% (p < 0.001) following calorie restriction. The percentage of blood CD4 + CD25 + T-lymphocytes and level of CD25 expression on these lymphocytes were significantly reduced by 8 ± 10% (p = 0.016) and 8 ± 4% (p = 0.058), respectively. After calorie restriction, ex vivo leptin secretion from abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue explants was not changed, and this corresponded with a lack of change in adipose tissue resident T-Lymphocyte activation.
CONCLUSIONS: Serum leptin was reduced after calorie restriction and this was temporally associated with a reduction in activation of blood CD4 + CD25 + T-Lymphocytes. In abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, however, leptin secretion was unaltered, and there were no observed changes in adipose resident T-Lymphocyte activation.
The invention relates to the field of genetic engineering, in particular to a target protein for relieving chronic rotenone poisoning, and a coding gene and application thereof. The invention finds that the target gene transferrin (Tsf) for chronic rotenone poisoning is provided, and the Tsf is interfered by gene silencing to obviously relieve or delay the chronic rotenone poisoning condition. According to the invention, the target protein of the human rotenone chronic poisoning comprises an amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID No.3, and the gene comprises a nucleotide sequence shown as SEQ ID No. 4. According to the target gene, an RNAi carrier carrying the target gene is constructed, and the RNAi carrier can be used for improving the motor ability and prolonging the life of a patient suffering from rotenone chronic poisoning through gene silencing and relieving or preventing the symptoms of the rotenone chronic poisoning caused by rotenone exposure. The invention is expected to provide a new treatment strategy and a key target for treating the environmental induced chronic rotenone poisoning.
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) was approved for the treatment of HIV-infected adults in October 2001. In November 2001, we began enrollment to our phase I/II study of tenofovir DF in HIV-infected children (02-C-0006). That study has completed enrollment. The virologic and immunologic responses seen on that study in a group of heavily treatment-experienced children with multidrug resistant HIV were surprisingly good. The drug was well tolerated, but significant decreases in bone mineral density were seen in a minority of patients.

With the current study we will enroll and systematically investigate HIV-infected children for whom tenofovir DF is being used as part of salvage combination HIV therapy. The primary objective of the study is to characterize the change in bone mineral density (BMD), as measured by lumbar spine dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), during and following treatment with tenofovir DF-containing antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected children. The study will enroll 3 cohorts of children: 1) HIV-infected children about to start a tenofovir DF-containing antiretroviral regimen, 2) HIV-infected children already on tenofovir DF with available baseline DEXA results, and 3) HIV-infected children already on tenofovir DF but without baseline DEXA results who will come here for investigations of bone metabolism. Studies of bone metabolism will include periodic measurements of serum and urine calcium and phosphorus, PTH and vitamin D levels, bone resorption markers (urinary collagen cross-linked N-telopeptide and free deoxypyridinoline), bone formation markers (serum osteocalcin and bone specific alkaline phosphatase), IGF-1 levels, bone age, and DEXA scans. Patients about to start tenofovir DF (cohort 1) will be offered the option of having a transiliac crest core bone biopsy with tetracycline labeling performed at baseline and at 6 months to assess static and dynamic parameters of bone quality and turnover (histomorphometry). Subjects with substantial presumed tenofovir DF-related bone toxicity who are deriving benefit from their tenofovir DF-containing antiretroviral drug regimen will be offered the option of pamidronate therapy. The effects of pamidronate treatment on bone toxicity associated with tenofovir DF in these patients will be assessed in an exploratory fashion. It is expected that up to 40 patients with baseline BMD measurements will be enrolled onto this protocol. An additional 10 patients who are undergoing tenofovir DF treatment but who did not receive baseline BMD measurements will also be permitted to enroll in order to contribute to the data used to characterize changes in toxicity.
Rifabutin capsules must not be administered for MAC prophylaxis to patients with active tuberculosis.

Patients who develop complaints consistent with active tuberculosis while on prophylaxis with rifabutin should be evaluated immediately, so that those with active disease may be given an effective combination regimen of anti-tuberculosis medications. Administration of rifabutin as a single agent to patients with active tuberculosis is likely to lead to the development of tuberculosis that is resistant both to rifabutin and to rifampin.

There is no evidence that rifabutin is an effective prophylaxis against M. tuberculosis. Patients requiring prophylaxis against both M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complex may be given isoniazid and rifabutin concurrently.

Tuberculosis in HIV-positive patients is common and may present with atypical or extrapulmonary findings. Patients are likely to have a nonreactive purified protein derivative (PPD) despite active disease. In addition to chest X-ray and sputum culture, the following studies may be useful in the diagnosis of tuberculosis in the HIV-positive patient: blood culture, urine culture, or biopsy of a suspicious lymph node.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The apical-basal polarity of pancreatic acinar cells is essential for maintaining tissue architecture. However, the mechanisms by which polarity proteins regulate acinar pancreas injury and regeneration are poorly understood.
METHODS: Cerulein-induced pancreatitis was induced in mice with conditional deletion of the polarity protein Par3 in the pancreas. The impact of Par3 loss on pancreas injury and regeneration was assessed by histologic analyses and transcriptional profiling by RNA sequencing. Mice were pretreated with the bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) inhibitor JQ1 before cotreatment with cerulein to determine the effect of BET inhibition on pancreas injury and regeneration.
RESULTS: Initially, we show that Par3 is increased in acinar-ductal metaplasia (ADM) lesions present in human and mouse chronic pancreatitis specimens. Although Par3 loss disrupts tight junctions, Par3 is dispensable for pancreatogenesis. However, with aging, Par3 loss results in low-grade inflammation, acinar degeneration, and pancreatic lipomatosis. Par3 loss exacerbates acute pancreatitis-induced injury and chronic pancreatitis-induced acinar cell loss, promotes pancreatic lipomatosis, and prevents regeneration. Par3 loss also results in suppression of chronic pancreatitis-induced ADM and primary ciliogenesis. Notably, targeting BET proteins attenuates chronic pancreatitis-induced loss of primary cilia and promotes ADM in mice lacking pancreatic Par3. Targeting BET proteins also attenuates cerulein-induced acinar cell loss and enhances recovery of acinar cell mass and body weight of mice lacking pancreatic Par3.
CONCLUSIONS: Combined, this study demonstrates how Par3 restrains chronic pancreatitis-induced changes in the pancreas and identifies a potential role for BET inhibitors to attenuate pancreas injury and facilitate regeneration.
The present invention is directed to a method and pharmaceuticals for treating HIV and secondary infection. One aspect of this invention involves the use of one or more polypeptides with an amino acid sequence including KPV, MEHFRWG, HFRWGKPV, or SYSMEHFRWGKPV for treatment of HIV. HIV is accompanied by infections, inflammation or both. In one preferred embodiment of the invention, the one or more polypeptides are used for treatment of HIV itself via medication taken orally or parentally. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the treatment is for secondary infections arising from Staphylococcus aureus and Candidia albicans and can be taken either orally or parentally. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, treatment is carried out by local application of the polypeptides through a carrier onto the site of S. aureus or C. albicans infection.
In patients with high-immunologic risk, it is recommended that sirolimus oral solution be used in combination with cyclosporine and corticosteroids for the first 12 months following transplantation [see Clinical Studies (14.3)]. The safety and efficacy of this combination in high-immunologic risk patients has not been studied beyond the first 12 months. Therefore, after the first 12 months following transplantation, any adjustments to the immunosuppressive regimen should be considered on the basis of the clinical status of the patient. 

For patients receiving sirolimus with cyclosporine, sirolimus therapy should be initiated with a loading dose of up to 15 mg on day 1 post-transplantation. Beginning on day 2, an initial maintenance dose of 5 mg/day should be given. A trough level should be obtained between days 5 and 7, and the daily dose of sirolimus should thereafter be adjusted [see Dosage and Administration (2.5)].

The starting dose of cyclosporine should be up to 7 mg/kg/day in divided doses and the dose should subsequently be adjusted to achieve target whole blood trough concentrations [see Dosage and Administration (2.5)]. Prednisone should be administered at a minimum of 5 mg/day.

Antibody induction therapy may be used.