anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Dementia is a term used for a collection of symptoms that can be caused by a number of diseases or injuries that affect the brain. Individuals with dementia have a loss of function in cognition (thinking, perception, learning, verbal communication, memory, judgment), which may lead to behavioral and personality changes (for example, agitation, delusions, hallucinations). Some causes of dementia are reversible; however, irreversible dementia is caused by certain conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease. Dementia is common in elderly individuals, but it is not a normal part of aging. This is a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study comparing the effectiveness and safety of risperidone to placebo in patients with behavioral disturbances associated with dementia. The study is composed of two periods: a 1-week run-in period in which patients are discontinued from other antipsychotic drugs and take placebo twice daily and a 12-week double-blind period. At the end of the run-in period, patients are randomly assigned to oral solutions of either risperidone or placebo. The starting dose of risperidone is 0.25 mg twice daily and increasing to 0.5 mg twice daily (1 mg/day). If 1 mg/day shows an insufficient response, a maximum of 1 mg twice daily of risperidone is permitted. The patient receives study drugs for the 12-week double-blind period. The primary measure of effectiveness is the change from baseline to the end of double-blind treatment in the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI), a questionnaire evaluating agitation. Additional measures of efficacy include the change from baseline to end of double-blind treatment in the Behavior Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD), a rating scale used to evaluate behavior symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease; the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI), a rating system used to evaluate the overall and severity of clinical change in a patient with various diseases affecting the brain; the Functional Assessment Staging (FAST), a diagnosis tool for determining the stage of dementia; and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), a clinical measure used to evaluate cognition. Safety evaluations include the incidence of adverse events; results of clinical laboratory tests (hematology and biochemistry); measurements of vital signs and body weight; physical examination findings; and the Extrapyramidal Symptoms Rating Scale (ESRS), a scale used to measure effects of antipsychotic medications on motor functions of the patient. The study hypothesis is that risperidone is more effective than placebo, as measured by the total aggression score on the CMAI, in treating behavioral disturbances in demented patients. Risperidone oral solution (1 mg/mL). Starting doses of 0.25 mg twice daily and increasing to 0.5 mg twice daily (1 mg/day). If 1 mg/day shows an insufficient response, a maximum of 1 mg twice daily of risperidone is permitted. Total treatment duration is 12 weeks.
Timed release analgesic tablets comprise finely divided particles consisting predominantly or entirely of an analgesic drug, coated with a permeable solution-resistant coating (i.e. a coating which is permeable to, but insoluble in, the gastric juices of the stomach), and dispersed in a compressed matrix consisting predominantly or entirely of the same analgesic drug. Compatible mixtures of two or more analgesic drugs may be used, and the drug of the particles and/or matrix may be admixed with a solid, inert, non-toxic, pharmaceutical diluent, e.g. starch.  The permeable solution resistant coating generally comprises (a) an organic solvent soluble and water insoluble film-forming, resin-like material, e.g. shellac, cellulose acetate phthalate, ethyl cellulose or zein and (b) a non-toxic hydrophobic material, e.g. a fatty acid such as stearic, palmitic or linoleic acid, a fatty acid salt such as calcium stearate, a fatty acid ester, kaolin, terra alba, or dicalcium phosphate.  Analgesics specified are aspirin, acetaminophen, salicyl salicylic acid, salicylamide, acetophenetidin and dipyrone.
INTRODUCTION: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is prevalent among surgical patients, causing hospitalizations, extended stays, and patient dissatisfaction. Children are twice as likely to experience PONV than adult patients. Complementary therapy holds promise for PONV treatment but meets clinical use barriers. We explored perioperative nurses' perceived barriers to the use of complementary aromatherapy.
METHOD: Presurvey and postsurveys assessed nurses' (n = 27) knowledge and barriers to aromatherapy use before and after an educational in-service.
RESULTS: Primary PONV treatment involved antiemetics. Barriers to aromatherapy included product availability, caregiver refusal, and patient-specific factors. Post-in-service, the nurses felt more familiar with aromatherapy and inclined to use it.
DISCUSSION: Increased education and guidelines on aromatherapy promote its incorporation into clinical practice. Institutional policies addressing the selection, administration, documentation, and monitoring of aromatherapy should be established to ensure the consistency and standardization of its use.
BACKGROUND: Norovirus gastroenteritis outbreaks were common in schools and kindergartens and were more related to faculty knowledge, attitude, and practice level. Gastroenteritis outbreaks caused by norovirus in educational institutions were the prominent cause of Public Health Emergency Events in China. This study aimed to explore the transformation in the contribution of KAP items related to outbreak prevention before and after intervention and the impact of demography factors on the intervention.
METHODS: This study sampled 1095 kindergarten and 1028 school staff in Shenzhen, China. We created a questionnaire consisting of 35 items in 4 parts, and each item was rated on a scale of 1-5 according to the accuracy. Univariate analysis of non-parametric tests and binary logistic regression were used to estimate the score difference on demographic characteristics, each item and KAP. The odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence and intervals (CI) for the association between statistical indicators were mainly used to explain the effects before and after intervention.
RESULTS: Overall, 98.72% and 74.9% of the kindergarten and school participants were female, and all respondents had the highest scores difference of practice. Following intervention, univariate analysis indicated that primary school and female respondents achieved higher knowledge scores. Staff age beyond 35 (OR = 0.56, CI:0.34-0.92; OR = 0.67, CI:0.50-0.90) and with more than ten years of service (OR = 0.58, CI:0.36-0.91; OR = 0.38, CI:0.17-0.84) demonstrated a significantly lower post-intervention score for attitude and practice in both kindergartens and schools. The staff members exhibited a general lack of familiarity with the transmission of aerosols and the seasonal patterns of NoVs diarrhea pandemics. Item analysis revealed that kindergarten staff aged 26 and above demonstrated superior performance in terms of the efficacy of medical alcohol for inactivation (OR = 1.93, CI:1.13-3.31) and management strategies for unexplained vomiting among students (OR = 1.97, CI:1.21-3.18). Private school personnel displayed more significant improvement in their practices following educational interventions. School administrators' negative attitudes were primarily evident in their perspectives on morning inspections (OR = 0.11, CI:0.05-0.84).
CONCLUSIONS: The potential negative impact of faculty age on NoVs-related knowledge can be mitigated by the positive attitudes fostered through seniority. Furthermore, it is imperative to urgently address the lack of knowledge among administrators, and the identification and treatment of vomiting symptoms should be emphasized as crucial aspects of school prevention strategies. Therefore, education authorities should implement comprehensive public health interventions in the future.
The clinical effectiveness of Oxiris®, particularly in reducing cytokines, remains uncertain due to the limited data provided. This study explored and analyzed the application value of Oxiris® endotoxin adsorption technology in a large animal model. Pigs received an intravenous LPS infusion. Six animals were treated 2 h after the infusion with an Oxiris® hemadsorption using a pumpless extracorporeal technique for 6 h. Five animals served as controls. Cardiocirculatory parameters, hyperspectral analysis, and a panel of cytokines were measured. The lipopolysaccharide infusion induced sepsis-like inflammation with tachycardia, elevated pulmonary pressure, elevated lactate level, as well as elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines like interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). In addition, increases of anti-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1ra and IL-10 were found. After 3 and 6 h in both groups, pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly reduced. No differences between the intervention and the control group could be detected after 3 and 6 h for IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 and TNF-α, suggesting no effect of the Oxiris® filter on the elimination of elevated cytokines with a pumpless extracorporeal hemadsorption technique. The presented large animal model may be a promising option for studying the effects of hemadsorption techniques.
Lithium may cause toxicity as it has a narrow therapeutic range. Lithium intoxication may manifest in the form of acute, acute on chronic and chronic intoxication. Neurotoxicity is a common component of chronic lithium intoxication and the symptoms include tremor, ataxia, dysarthria, extrapyramidal symptoms, hyperreflexia, seizures and status epilepticus. Although rare, catatonia could as a manifestation of lithium neurotoxicity. In this report, we present a patient with bipolar disorder presenting with catatonic symptoms secondary to lithium intoxication. We will discuss the risk factors, differential diagnosis and the treatment of catatonic symptoms. Lithium neurotoxicity may present with various clinical symptoms including catatonia, and differential diagnosis should be made well in such cases. If lithium neurotoxicity is suspected, rapid and appropriate intervention is required to prevent permanent neurological damage. Keywords: Lithium, Neurotoxicity, Catatonia.
PURPOSE:The titled composition, containing a mycelial extract of Ganoderma lucidum Karst., capable of giving various nutrient ingredients to the skin, promoting metabolism of the skin, imparting smoothness and moisture to the skin surface and carrying out inhibition of melanization and reduction of the color of deposited melanin. CONSTITUTION:A cream composition obtained by blending a mycelial extract of Ganoderma lucidum Karst. in a cream composition. The above-mentioned mycelial extract of the Ganoderma lucidum Karst. is an extract prepared by multiplying mycelia of the Ganoderma lucidum Karst. on a solid culture medium containing bagasse as a base material and extracting various active ingredients from the resulting solid culture medium containing the mycelia of the Ganoderma lucidum Karst. with water or a mixed solvent of the water and an organic solvent, e.g. an alcohol, etc., and contains various amino acids, vitamins, polysaccharides, etc., in large amounts. The above-mentioned extract is so safe as to be drinkable and has excellent safety with hardly any irritancy to the skin. EFFECT:The composition has improved recovery effect on skin roughening, drying, etc., as well as remedial effect on acne (pimple) and is capable of exhibiting improved antimicrobial activity.
Patients were randomly assigned to two groups, the TDT and non-TDT group after the laparoscopic LAR and DST procedure was decided during operation. Randomization was obtained through a computer-generated random number sequence allocation. Surgeon blinding was performed to ensure all the intraoperative decisions made by the surgeon were not interfered with by the grouping. All the operative procedures fully complied with the guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer and the technique of total mesorectal excision (TME). The preservation of the left colonic artery was judged by the surgeon according to his own experiences and assessment of the patient's conditions. When the anastomosis was accomplished, the discretion of DS construction was made by the surgeon based on assessing the risk factors of AL. Pelvic drainages were used in all cases in this study. After completion of the anastomosis and further DS construction if necessary, the surgeon would be notified to implement the intervention based on the randomizing results.
The invention provides a proteolysis targeting chimera, a prodrug molecule for improving oral bioavailability of the proteolysis targeting chimera and application of the proteolysis targeting chimera. The technical scheme develops a novel PROTAC degrading agent compound based on ribociclib derivatives and CRBN ligands. The small molecules can simultaneously and effectively degrade CDK2/4/6 and a compound thereof in malignant melanoma; can also rapidly reset cell cycle, induce apoptosis of various cancer cells, especially melanoma cells. The mechanism should be explained by the lack of CDK2/4/6 in the presence of this compound, which may lead to synthetic lethality in malignant melanoma. These results indicate that the binding of CDK2/4/6 is expected to be a kinase target for the treatment of solid tumors. In addition, the invention also develops a prodrug with high oral bioavailability for the first time, and is convenient for oral administration in animal experiments. It provides a general solution for oral administration of procac molecules with CRBN ligands.
Ferroptosis is a newly discovered prototype of programmed cell death (PCD) driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation ​accumulation, and it has been linked to numerous organ injuries and degenerative pathologies. Although studies have shown that a variety of cell death processes contribute to JEV-induced neuroinflammation and neuronal injury, there is currently limited research on the specific involvement of ferroptosis. In this study, we explored the neuronal ferroptosis induced by JEV infection in vitro and in vivo. Our results indicated that JEV infection induces neuronal ferroptosis through inhibiting the function of the antioxidant system mediated by glutathione (GSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), as well as by promoting lipid peroxidation mediated by yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1)/long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4). Further analyses revealed that JEV E and prM proteins function as agonists, inducing ferroptosis. Moreover, we found that treatment with a ferroptosis inhibitor in JEV-infected mice reduces the viral titers and inflammation in the mouse brains, ultimately improving the survival rate of infected mice. In conclusion, our study unveils a critical role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of JEV, providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of viral encephalitis.
Taliglucerase alfa is a hydrolytic lysosomal glucocerebroside-specific enzyme produced by recombinant DNA technology using plant cell culture (carrot). Taliglucerase alfa is a monomeric glycoprotein enzyme containing 4 N-linked glycosylation sites (kDa=60.8). Taliglucerase alfa differs from native human glucocerebrosidase by two amino acids at the N terminal and up to 7 amino acids at the C terminal. Taliglucerase alfa is a glycosylated protein with oligosaccharide chains at the glycosylation sites having terminal mannose sugars. These mannose-terminated oligosaccharide chains of taliglucerase alfa are specifically recognized by endocytic carbohydrate receptors on macrophages, the cells that accumulate lipid in Gaucher disease.

A unit is the amount of enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1 micromole of the synthetic substrate para-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (pNP-Glc) per minute at 37 °C.

ELELYSO (taliglucerase alfa) for injection is supplied as a sterile, preservative-free, lyophilized powder for reconstitution and dilution prior to intravenous infusion. Each single-dose vial contains 200 units of taliglucerase alfa and D-mannitol (206.7 mg), polysorbate 80 (0.56 mg), and sodium citrate (30.4 mg). Citric acid may be added to adjust the pH at the time of manufacture. After reconstitution with 5.1 mL Sterile Water for Injection, USP, taliglucerase alfa concentration is 40 units/mL [see Dosage and Administration (2)]. Reconstituted solutions have a pH of approximately 6.0.
PV will be re-isolated if necessary and lines (CTI, roof and mitral) already blocked during the first procedure will be re-blocked if necessary. Then inducibility will be tested and all inducible AT will be mapped and ablated (max 5 consecutive AT) .
Binding of the PD-1 ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, to the PD-1 receptor found on T cells, inhibits T-cell proliferation and cytokine production. Upregulation of PD-1 ligands occurs in some tumors and signaling through this pathway can contribute to inhibition of active T-cell immune surveillance of tumors. Nivolumab is a human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody that binds to the PD-1 receptor and blocks its interaction with PD-L1 and PD-L2, releasing PD-1 pathway-mediated inhibition of the immune response, including the anti-tumor immune response. In syngeneic mouse tumor models, blocking PD-1 activity resulted in decreased tumor growth.

Combined nivolumab (anti-PD-1) and ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) mediated inhibition results in enhanced T-cell function that is greater than the effects of either antibody alone, and results in improved anti-tumor responses in metastatic melanoma and advanced RCC. In murine syngeneic tumor models, dual blockade of PD-1 and CTLA-4 resulted in increased anti-tumor activity.
The invention deals with phosphate water solution with cold solidification capacity. Phosphate composition containing iron oxide solution in acid, water, advantages from the following properties; it contains orthophosphorus acid and in addition metal powder. Phosphate composition is ecologically pure product, non toxic, non cancerogenic, non-allergic. It has antimicrobial, antivirus and fungicidal properties. Phosphate composition can be applied within medicine: surgery, dermatology, dentistry, oncology, pharmacology and other branches. In agriculture use: as a means of curing plant diseases, within veterinary- as a means for preventive maintenance and curing of animal diseases, within construction- as an anticorrosive, fire-resistant, hydro-electric isolating covers, ceramic tiles, concretes, which protect against radiation, as well as for producing other composite materials.
PURPOSE: A composition containing fuco-oligosaccharide for immunocyte activation is provided to promote cell proliferation of macrophage, dendritic cells and splenocyte and to enhance immune function. CONSTITUTION: A composition for immunocyte activation contains fuco-oligosaccharide. The immunocyte is macrophage, splenocyte or dendritic cells. The activation of splenocyte promotes TNF-alpha and chemokine secretion. The chemokine is RANTES or MIP-1alpha. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating immunedeficiency contains the composition for immunocyte activation. The fuco-oligosaccharide is prepared by lysis of fucoidan extracted from Korean Undaria pinnatifida sporophyll.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled substance useful for the research of blood pressure regulation or as a pharmaceutical raw material, by extracting the glandula submaxillaris of a rodent with a buffer solution, and subjecting the extract to affinity chromatography using a specific stationary phase. CONSTITUTION:The glandula submaxillaris of a rodent (e.g. mouse, rat, etc.) is extracted with a buffer solution, and subjected to the affinity chromatography using a stationary phase comprising pepstatin bonded to an insoluble carrier (e.g. aminohexylcellulose), to elute the objective renin-inhibiting substance. Renin is bonded to the stationary phase and left therein, and the objective renin-inhibiting substance can be separated, however, since the substance contains impurities such as low-molecular proteins, it is preferable to purify the product e.g. by gel-filtration. The renin-inhibiting substance has a molecular weight of about 56,000, and forms a bond specifically with renin without forming a bond with prorenin. It inhibits kidney renin as well as glandula submaxillaris renin.
INTRODUCTION: The clinical symptoms of Lumbar Disc Herniation (LDH) can be effectively ameliorated through Lever Positioning Manipulation (LPM), which is closely linked to the brain's pain-regulating mechanisms. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) offers an objective and visual means to study how the brain orchestrates the characteristics of analgesic effects. From the perspective of multimodal MRI, we applied functional MRI (fMRI) and Magnetic Resonance Spectrum (MRS) techniques to comprehensively evaluate the characteristics of the effects of LPM on the brain region of LDH from the aspects of brain structure, brain function and brain metabolism. This multimodal MRI technique provides a biological basis for the clinical application of LPM in LDH.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A total of 60 LDH patients and 30 healthy controls, matched by gender, age, and years of education, will be enrolled in this study. The LDH patients will be divided into two groups (Group 1, n = 30; Group 2, n = 30) using a random number table method. Group 1 will receive LPM treatment once every two days, for a total of 12 times over 4 weeks. Group 2 will receive sham LPM treatment during the same period as Group 1. All 30 healthy controls will be divided into Group 3. Multimodal MRI will be performed on Group 1 and Group 2 at three time points (TPs): before LPM (TP1), after one LPM session (TP2), and after a full course of LPM treatment. The healthy controls (Group 3) will not undergo LPM and will be subject to only a single multimodal MRI scan. Participants in both Group 1 and Group 2 will be required to complete clinical questionnaires. These assessments will focus on pain intensity and functional disorders, using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scoring systems, respectively.
DISCUSSION: The purpose of this study is to investigate the multimodal brain response characteristics of LDH patients after treatment with LPM, with the goal of providing a biological basis for clinical applications.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05613179 , identifier: NCT05613179.
Patients randomized to the pressure support arm will wean using pressure support ventilation. The level of pressure support will be decreased by 2 cm H2O every 6 hours. The maximum decrement in pressure support permitted in one day will be 6 cm H2O.
Participants will receive 2mA of alternating current stimulation at a frequency of 10Hz for 40 minutes. tACS stimulation is delivered using the XCSITE100 Stimulator tACS.