anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Participants who meet the inclusion criteria will be randomly assigned to the intervention group receiving Reminiscence Therapy or to a control group receiving treatment as usual. Participants in the intervention group will participate in two Reminiscence Therapy sessions per week for 3 months besides their treatment as usual. The sessions will be based on the Book of Past and Present and they will follow the same protocol in every participant institution.
Rituximab, an anti CD-20 monoclonal antibody targeting B lymphocytes is prescribed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients refractory to TNF alpha antagonists. According to previous studies, (Edwards, Szczepanski et al. 2004; Cohen, Emery et al. 2006; Emery, Fleischmann et al. 2006) 25 to 50% of patients have an insufficient or absence of response to rituximab at week 24. In the pathogenesis of RA, B and T lymphocytes are tightly linked through the APC fonction and cytokines production of B lymphocytes. At present, a white blood cells count is recommended in routine every 3 months in patients receiving rituximab, since cases of neutropenia have been observed in approximately 8% of patients with lymphoma after treatment. In RA patients, B lymphocytes count before each rituximab course should be done to prevent opportunistic infections (Pham, Fautrel et al. 2008).

In a recent retrospective study, a CD4+ T-lymphocytes depletion was observed after a first course of rituximab in RA patients. The absolute CD4+ number at week 12 was 37% (±33) of the baseline value, leading to \< 200 cells/µL in 5% of patients. Interestingly the absence of CD4+ T-lymphocytes depletion was observed in clinical non-responders, suggesting the involvement of T-lymphocytes in the mechanism of action of rituximab (Mélet, Mulleman et al. 2013). Moreover, few case reports of RA patients developing opportunist infections in conjunction with CD4+ T-lymphocyte depletion have been published (Teichmann, Woenckhaus et al. 2008; Clifford, Ances et al. 2011). So far no prospective study have supported the usefulness of lymphocyte phenotyping, in particular T-lymphocytes, to monitor rituximab-treated RA patients.
BACKGROUND: Nowadays, an increasing number of Total Elbow Arthroplasty (TEA) surgeries have been selected as the primary intervention for distal humerus joint fractures. TEA has demonstrated favorable outcomes in elderly osteoporotic patients and has been associated with fewer complications and reduced stiffness when compared to Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF) surgeries. This retrospective cohort study aimed to analyze differences in terms of functional outcomes, complications, and reoperation rates of distal fractures of the humerus treated with ORIF and TEA.
METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study.
INCLUSION CRITERIA: Closed intra-articular fractures of the distal humerus (AO/OTA type 13B and 13C); age greater than 50 years; clinical and radiological follow-up of at least 2 years. Patients were divided into two groups according to surgical treatments: ORIF and TEA. The following variables were obtained: age, sex, affected side, AO/OTA classification, follow-up time, approach, surgery duration, Range Of Motions, MEPI (Mayo Elbow Performance Index), QUICK DASH (Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand), post-operative VAS (Visual Analog Scale), satisfaction rate, complications and reoperation rates. Differences in data averages between the groups were assessed, and a correlation between age and other variables in each group was calculated.
RESULTS: 83 subjects (26 men and 57 women) were eligible and selected for the study. Average age and follow-up time were 74.8 years (+-10.6) and 83.6 months (+-42.6). Group TEA consisted of 41 patients (37 female, 4 male), mean age of 78.8 (+-8.6) with follow-up time of 83,6 months (+-42.6). Group ORIF consisted of 42 subjects (20 female, 22 male), mean age of 71.1 (+-11.6) with follow-up time of 70,6 months (+-40,6) The cohorts didn't differ significantly with any variables calculated (p > 0.05) except for complication and reoperation rates, which were significantly lower in the TEA group. Age didn't have a correlation trend associated with the variables in either group assessed independently (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study, may guide in choosing a surgical option for distal humerus fractures in the elderly by considering TEA an alternative that is comparable to ORIF, and in selected cases an alternative that overall provides greater assurance than ORIF.
The present disclosure relates to a method. The method includes accessing a segmented digitized pathology image corresponding to a high grade glioma (HGG) patient having a first biological sex. The segmented digitized pathology image identifies nuclei. The nuclei are classified as tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) or non-TILs. Sex specific features related to the nuclei identified as the TILs and the non-TILs are extracted. The sex specific features characterize a spatial organization of the TILs and the non-TILs. The sex specific features are operated on with a sex specific machine learning model corresponding to the first biological sex to generate a sex specific patient risk score.
BACKGROUND: The burden of chronic liver disease (CLD) deaths attributable to the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains unknown. Further research is required to elucidate the extent of this burden in the eventual elimination of these diseases.
METHODS: Data on liver cancer, cirrhosis, and other CLD among 204 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019 was extracted from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) published in 2019. The Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to analyze the temporal trend and predict the disease burden by 2030.
RESULTS: The number of HCV-related CLD deaths surpassed that of CLD deaths caused by HBV in 2019 (536833 deaths versus 523003 deaths) and is expected to be maintained until 2030 (689124 deaths versus 628824 deaths). East Asia had the highest burden of chronic HBV and HCV infections during the study period. In 2019, the largest age-standardized death rates (ASDR) of CLD deaths caused by HBV and HCV were mainly observed in Western Sub-Saharan Africa (18.75%) and Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa (16.42%), respectively. South Asia and East Asia are predicted to have the highest number of CLD deaths related to HCV and HBV by 2030. Eastern Europe and South Asia show the largest expected increase in disease burden caused by HCV or HBV between 2019 and 2030. No GBD region is projected to achieve the WHO target of a 65% reduction in mortality from chronic HBV and HCV infections by 2030.
CONCLUSIONS: Although the mortality of CLD caused by HBV and HCV decreased in the last three decades (from 1990 to 2019), the number of deaths will continue to increase until 2030. Therefore, governments and international organizations need to strengthen the effectiveness of vaccines, screening, and treatment, especially in potential emerging hotspot regions.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The present invention provides a pharmaceutical tablet compris-ing at least 20% by weight of one or more  .beta. - lactam antibiotics and from 0.1 to 4 parts by weight of urea per part of .beta. -lactam antibiotic.         In order to achieve high blood levels of antibiotic, it is desirable to include the antibiotic in a tablet which disperses rapidly in the stomach.  It has now been discovered that if tablets are prepared which contain one or more .beta. - lactam antibiotics and urea, excellent dissolution rates may be obtained in acidic media such as found in the stomach.
The administration of aminoglycosides can induce nephrotoxicity or ototoxicity, which can be monitored through pharmacological therapeutic drug monitoring. However, there are cases of genetic predisposition to ototoxicity related to the MT-RNR1 gene, which may occur from the first administrations. Pharmacogenetic analysis recommendations have recently been proposed by the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC). The Francophone Pharmacogenetics Network (RNPGx) provides a bibliographic synthesis of this genetic predisposition, as well as professional recommendations. The MT-RNR1 gene codes for mitochondrial 12S rRNA, which constitutes the small subunit of the mitochondrial ribosome. Three variants can be identified: the variants m.1555A>G and m.1494C>T of the MT-RNR1 gene have a 'high' level of evidence regarding the risk of ototoxicity. The variant m.1095T>C has a 'moderate' level of evidence. The search for these variants can be performed in the laboratory if the administration of aminoglycosides can be delayed after obtaining the result. However, if the treatment is urgent, there is currently no rapid test available in France (a 'point-of-care' test is authorized in Great Britain). RNPGx considers: (1) the search for the m.1555A>G, m.1494C>T variants as 'highly recommended' and the m.1095T>C variant as 'moderately recommended' before the administration of an aminoglycoside (if compatible with the medical context). It should be noted that the level of heteroplasmy detected does not modify the recommendation; (2) pharmacogenetic analysis is currently not feasible in situations of short-term aminoglycoside administration, in the absence of an available analytical solution (rapid test to be evaluated in France); (3) the retrospective analysis in case of aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity is 'recommended'; (4) analysis of relatives is 'recommended'. Through this summary, RNPGx proposes an updated review of the MT-RNR1-aminoglycoside gene-drug pair to serve as a basis for adapting practices regarding pharmacogenetic analysis related to aminoglycoside treatment.
This study will be a retrospective case review using existing clinical data from participating centres. To date there have already been 18,000 confirmed cases in Greater London. Our study design will aim to include patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 at the start of the pandemic as well as new and current cases.

The study design requires data to be extracted from National Health Service (NHS) electronic and paper notes, which will contain patient identifiable information. For confidentiality, all patient identifiable data will only be collected by members of the direct care team. This data will be encrypted and stored in a local NHS trust computer at participating sites. In order to maintain confidentiality, all data will then be anonymised before being inputted on a data collection tool and spreadsheet. Therefore, research teams will only be provided with a de-identified dataset. This data will be transferred across to the study co-ordination centre, following NHS information governance rules for data to be compiled and analysed. At the co-ordination centre, this data will be stored in an Imperial College London computer, and will only be accessible to the research team.
Immunoglobulins (Ig) are expressed either on the surface of B cells or as secreted antibodies by plasma cells that represents the final stage of B cell differentiation. The present invention involves the use of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) for either reducing the production of the secreted form or either reducing the production of the membrane form. In particular, the inventors show that antisense oligonucleotides masking the secretory polyadenylation signal induce a decrease in the production of the secreted immunoglobulin. Inversely, antisense oligonucleotides masking the membrane polyadenylation signal induce a decrease in the production of the membrane-anchored immunoglobulin. The proof of concept has been obtained using an ASO hybridizing to the polyadenylation signal (PAS) sequence of the transcript encoding the secreted form of IgE. Indeed, the targeting of this PAS sequence induces a drastic decrease in IgE production. Thus the choice of the right antisense oligonucleotide would be suitable for the treatment of diseases associated to B-cell development (e.g. autoimmune diseases, inflammation or B-cell malignancies).
A solution of immunoprotective antigen is prepared by extracting cells of Bordetella pertussis with an aqueous 0.75 to 2.25 molar solution of lithium bromide at a pH above 6.0 but below 8.5 and at a temperature below 25 DEG C., and then separating cell debris from the extract.  The antigen itself may be prepared by dialysis of the extract to remove lithium bromide, followed by acidification to pH 4.6 to 4.8 to precipitate the antigen.  The extractant solution preferably contains a buffer such as tris(hydroxymethyl) amminomethane, or borate or barbital salts; a chelating agent such as ethylenediaminetetraacetate or trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexanetetraacetate; and an antioxidant such as b -mercaptoethanol.  Before extraction, the cells are preferably washed with water or saline, and the washings may be added to the extract prior to precipitation of the antigen, or treated separately to precipitate any antigen present and the yield combined with the main preparation.  The precipitated antigen may be reconstituted with an injectable aqueous medium and used as a pertussis vaccine.  It may also be adsorbed on a carrier, e.g. aluminium hydroxide or phosphate, to provide an adsorbed antigen vaccine or combined, in solution, with vaccines for tetanus, diphtheria and poliomyelitis to give a polyvalent vaccine.
Apixaban is an antithrombotic agent that directly inhibits factor Xa, and which has obtained market authorization in the indication "prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF), with one or more risk factors, such as prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA), age ≥75 years, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and symptomatic heart failure (NYHA ≥ class II)." Among other direct oral anti-coagulants (DOACs) only apixaban has shown a triple beneficial profile (on stroke/systemic embolisms, major bleedings, and all-cause mortality) supported by data from pivotal randomized clinical trials (RCTs). This differentiation has been consistently found in multiple real-world data (RWD) studies including the NAXOS study in France5 and the ARISTOPHANES study in US particularly in terms of incidence of major bleedings for apixaban vs. others DOACs or vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). Although such data can be generalized to different populations, healthcare professionals in Belgium and healthcare authorities have been frequently requesting local scientific data to support the effectiveness and safety outcomes in patients treated by apixaban in local Belgium settings. This scientific data gap is particularly evident for routine care data allowing to understand the apixaban use patterns in the Belgian poly-medicated, frail and new patients starting an apixaban treatment. The PROVECT study aims to address this particular local data gap and its results may help to guide practical clinical decisions .
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) in older adults is high. Opioids carry significant risk for harm in older adults. Yet, many older adults are established on long-term opioid therapy for the treatment of CNCP despite limited documented efficacy. Many of the non-opioid options to treat pain present challenges in this population. Since challenges with tapering patients off of opioids exist, older adults may remain established on long-term opioid therapy for CNCP. While opioid use is less scrutinized for older adults receiving palliative care, significant safety concerns exist. Therefore, efforts to mitigate risks for older adults receiving long-term opioids for CNCP and for palliative care are essential. Pharmacists as members of the interprofessional team are equipped to improve safety among older adults on chronic opioid therapy. Among patients receiving palliative care, collaboration with palliative care specialists is also key. The purpose of this narrative review is to describe risk mitigation strategies for opioid use among older adults with CNCP and those receiving palliative care.
METHODS: Data were identified by searching PubMed (January 1, 1990 to February 21, 2024) using the following search terms: older adults, opioids, chronic pain, palliative care, and pharmacist. The search was repeated using terms geriatric, elderly, opiates, narcotics, and controlled substances. Non-English articles and observational studies with fewer than 100 patients were excluded. Major North American and European guidelines were reviewed. Additional literature was obtained through review of relevant references of identified articles.
KEY CONTENT AND FINDINGS: A variety of risk mitigation strategies to improve safety for older adults using opioids exist. They include risk assessment, tapering opioids, reducing high-risk concomitant medications, utilizing non-opioid therapies, screening for and treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD), toxicology testing, co-prescribing naloxone, utilizing controlled substance agreements, reviewing prescription drug monitoring program data, prescriber and patient education, and collaboration with pharmacists and palliative care specialists.
CONCLUSIONS: There are many opioid risk mitigation strategies for older adults. Collaboration with pharmacists and palliative care specialists can be an effective means for implementing strategies to optimize opioid safety for older adults with CNCP and those receiving palliative care.
Outbreaks of airborne viral emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) cause an increasing burden on global public health, particularly with a backdrop of intensified climate change. However, infection sources and drivers for outbreaks of airborne viral EIDs remain unknown. Here, we aim to explore the driving mechanisms of outbreaks based on the one health perspective. Outbreak information for 20 types of airborne viral EIDs was collected from the Global Infectious Disease and Epidemiology Network database and a systematic literature review. Four statistically significant and high-risk spatiotemporal clusters for airborne viral EID outbreaks were identified globally using multivariate scan statistic tests. There were 112 outbreaks with clear infection sources, and zoonotic spillover was the most common source (95.54%, 107/112). Since 1970, the majority of outbreaks occurred in healthcare facilities (24.82%), followed by schools (17.93%) and animal-related settings (15.93%). Significant associations were detected between the number of earthquakes, storms, duration of floods, and airborne viral EIDs' outbreaks using a case-crossover study design and multivariable conditional logistic regression. These findings implied that zoonotic spillover and extreme weather events are driving global outbreaks of airborne viral EIDs, and targeted prevention and control measures should be made to reduce the airborne viral EIDs burden.
The purpose of the Spinal Cord Injury Program in Exercise (SCIPE) study is to examine two 8-week, remotely delivered exercise interventions: Movement-to-Music (M2M) and Standard Exercise Training (SET), with 327 adults with SCI. The primary aim is to examine change in physical activity level after the 8-week M2M and SET interventions. We hypothesize that participants in M2M and SET will have significant increase in physical activity compared to an Attention Control (AC) group after the 8-week intervention. The secondary aim is to examine effects of the M2M and SET interventions on health and quality of life outcomes. We hypothesize that participants in M2M and SET will have significant increases in sleep quality and quality of life and decreases in pain and fatigue compared to AC after the 8-week intervention. Exercise enjoyment in M2M and SET participants will also be explored. The tertiary aim is to evaluate the demographic (age, race, sex), clinical (level of injury, type of injury), and psychosocial (social support, outcome expectations, self-efficacy, self-regulation) variables of two participant groups: 1) compliant participants who completed ≥ 50% of the intervention, and 2) noncompliant participants who completed post-testing but \< 50% of the intervention or who did not complete post-testing.
Radiation is given to one lesion, 30 Gy in 3 fractions of 10 Gy, every other day. On the day of radiation (Day 1) immunotherapy is administered and repeated on the scheduled days.
This invention is directed to pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating varicose veins, including telangiectasias and reticular veins, and related symptoms and diseases. Embodiments comprise injection into a varicose vein of an amphiphilic block copolymer which has properties of conversion from liquid to gel state, surfactant properties, or combinations thereof. Other embodiments consist of the combination of an amphiphilic block copolymer with a co-solvent, also allowing the injected combination to form a gel within the vein. In other embodiments, an amphiphilic block copolymer is combined with a co-solvent, a sclerosant, a vasoconstrictor, water, or combinations thereof. Other embodiments of the invention include a combination of a sclerosant such as sodium tetradecyl sulfate or polidocanol with a vasoconstrictor, preferably a long-acting vasoconstrictor such as oxymetazoline. Other embodiments are directed to compositions and methods of treating venous and arteriovenous malformations and cancer.
We investigated the comorbidities, associated factors, and the relationship between anthropometric measures and respiratory function and functional abilities in adults with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). This was a single-centre cross-sectional study in genetically diagnosed adults with DMD (>16 years old). Univariate and multivariate analyses identified factors associated with dysphagia, constipation, Body Mass Index (BMI), and weight. Regression analysis explored associations between BMI, weight, and respiratory/motor abilities. We included 112 individuals (23.4 ± 5.2 years old), glucocorticoid-treated 66.1 %. The comorbidities frequency was 61.6 % scoliosis (61.0 % of them had spinal surgery), 36.6 % dysphagia, 36.6 % constipation, and 27.8 % urinary conditions. The use of glucocorticoids delayed the time to spinal surgery. The univariate analysis revealed associations between dysphagia and constipation with age, lack of glucocorticoid treatment, and lower respiratory and motor function. In the multivariate analysis, impaired cough ability remained as the factor consistently linked to both conditions. Constipation associated with lower BMI and weight. BMI and weight positively correlated with respiratory parameters, but they did not associate with functional abilities. Glucocorticoids reduce the frequency of comorbidities in adults with DMD. The ability to cough can help identifying dysphagia and constipation. Lower BMI and weight in individuals with DMD with compromised respiratory function may suggest a higher calories requirement.