anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract disease in infants and children throughout the world. RSV is a major cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants under one year of age, and is a major cause of fatal respiratory tract disease in these infants. The treatment and prevention of RSV infection has been problematic. However, the present invention addresses some of these concerns by providing attenuated RSV strains that are suitable for inclusion in immunizing compositions. Specifically, the present invention is directed toward the introduction of growth restriction mutations into incompletely attenuated host range-restricted cold-passaged respiratory syncytial virus (cpRSV) strains by further passage of the strains at increasingly reduced temperatures to produce derivative strains which are more satisfactorily attenuated. These cold-adaptation (ca) approaches were used to introduce further attenuation in the parental RSV virus cpRSV-3131, which is incompletely attenuated in seronegative children. Mutants of the parental strain were obtained by selecting for large plaque production at reduced temperatures. An RSV cp-3131 derivative, designated D 1 , was isolated that produces large plaques at 25° C. Biologically cloned virus D1 produces distinctly and uniformly larger plaques at 25° C. as compared to the parental attenuated strain cpRSV-3131 or wild-type strain A2. Thus, D1 is an attenuated cold-adapted, but not temperature-sensitive, RSV mutant. The invention also provides methods for stimulating RSV-specific immune responses in an individual through the administration of said mutants.
In this study, we evaluated the ability of the synthetic amphipathic helical peptide (SAHP), L-37pA, which mediates pathogen recognition and innate immune responses, to treat acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) accompanied by diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) and chronic pulmonary fibrosis (PF). For the modeling of ARDS/DAD, male ICR mice were used. Intrabronchial instillation (IB) of 200 µL of inflammatory agents was performed by an intravenous catheter 20 G into the left lung lobe only, leaving the right lobe unaffected. Intravenous injections (IVs) of L-37pA, dexamethasone (DEX) and physiological saline (saline) were used as therapies for ARDS/DAD. L37pA inhibited the circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-8, TNFα, IL1α, IL4, IL5, IL6, IL9 and IL10, by 75-95%. In all cases, the computed tomography (CT) data indicate that L-37pA reduced lung density faster to -335 ± 23 Hounsfield units (HU) on day 7 than with DEX and saline, to -105 ± 29 HU and -23 ± 11 HU, respectively. The results of functional tests showed that L-37pA treatment 6 h after ARDS/DAD initiation resulted in a more rapid improvement in the physiological respiratory lung by 30-45% functions compared with the comparison drugs. Our data suggest that synthetic amphipathic helical peptide L-37pA blocked a cytokine storm, inhibited acute and chronic pulmonary inflammation, prevented fibrosis development and improved physiological respiratory lung function in the ARDS/DAD mouse model. We concluded that a therapeutic strategy using SAHPs targeting SR-B receptors is a potential novel effective treatment for inflammation-induced ARDS, DAD and lung fibrosis of various etiologies.
OBJECTIVES: Although hearing devices such as cochlear implants and hearing aids often improve communication, many people who are d/Deaf or hard of hearing (d/DHH) choose not to use them. Hearing device-related stigma, or negative societal beliefs about people who use hearing devices, often drives this decision. Although much research has documented the negative effects of hearing device-related stigma, no widely accepted, validated measure to quantify such stigma across populations currently exists. In this article, we describe the preliminary validation of four distinct but related scales measuring hearing device-related stigma in different populations, including people who use hearing devices and those close to them.
DESIGN: We preliminarily validated four measures for quantifying hearing device-related stigma in different populations that were previously developed and refined through a literature review, Delphi interviews, cognitive interviews, and a pretest. We preliminarily validated these measures through self-administered online surveys in a convenience sample in the United States. Among participants who use a hearing device and who either (a) self-identified as being d/DHH before they developed language (lifelong; n = 78) or (b) those who self-identified as having acquired a d/DHH identity after they developed language (acquired n = 71), we validated an anticipated hearing device-related stigma scale (d/DHHS-LE-HDA). We validated three scales that measure perceived hearing device-related stigma observed by parents of children who are d/DHH and who use a hearing device (n = 79) (d/DHHS-P-HDPO), care partners of adults who are d/DHH and use a hearing device (n = 108) (d/DHHS-CP-HDPO), and health care providers (n = 203) (d/DHHS-HCP-HDSH). Exploratory factor analysis assessed the reliability of each measure.
RESULTS: Each of the four scales loaded onto one factor. Factor loadings for the eight-item scale measuring anticipated hearing device-related stigma among the two populations with lived experience ranged from 0.635 to 0.910, with an ordinal α of 0.93 in the lifelong d/DHH participants and 0.94 among the acquired d/DHH participants. The six-item scale of perceived stigma observed by parents had item loadings from 0.630 to 0.920 (α = 0.91). The nine-item scale of hearing device-related stigma observed by care partners had item loadings from 0.554 to 0.922 (α = 0.95). The eight-item scale of hearing device-related stigma reported by health care providers had item loadings from 0.647 to 0.941 (α = 0.89).
CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary validation results show that the four stigma measures perform well in their respective populations. The anticipated stigma scale performed similarly well for both lifelong d/DHH and acquired d/DHH, which suggests that it could perform well in different contexts. Future research should further validate the scales described here as well as measure hearing device-related stigma in different populations-including people who live in different geographic regions and people using different kinds of hearing devices-and evaluate the success of interventions developed to reduce hearing device-related stigma.
To provide a comparable level of investigator attention, control group subjects will receive two 1-hour social visits. To control for Trainer bias, the experimental and control groups will have separate Trainers. During social visits, the Trainer will discuss subjects' current community activities and their experience using the wheelchair, and provide verbal information related to barriers encountered. Subjects will receive a computer tablet with cognitive stimulation games to account for activity and tablet device exposure. Participants in the extra wheeling sub-group will be instructed to perform additional, unstructured wheeling for 15 minutes, 5 days per week (total 75 minutes/week) and document these on a simple calendar-style form provided. To minimize attrition, control subjects will receive a DVD with a condensed MWC skills education program after the post-intervention data collection is complete.
This process for engineering nanoporous biodegradable artificial multifunctional injectable bio-composite filler is designed aiming the prevention of body immune reaction when integrated with host tissue. This nanoporous biodegradable artificial multifunctional filler is compounded as follow: First ingredient is a bio-composite of alpha- or beta-tricalcium phosphate (a- or β-TCP) mixed with polycaprolactone (PCL) composite powder. Second ingredient, phospholipid - phosphatidilcholine (PC) which is worldwide known as the leader of lysolecithin produced under various names by different factories around the world. Third ingredient, any product of microbiological synthesis of exopolysaccharides (EPS) using bacteria Xanthomonas Campestris and Bacillus Amyloliquefacience such as Xanthan, Levan, Pullulan, Kurdlan etc. Fourth Ingredient, any connective collagen tissue. Fifth Ingredient, gelatine powder. Sixth ingredient, recombinant Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A165. After injection, the final processing of all this bio-composite is acquired immediately by ultrasound treatment at a frequency between 24 and 32 Khz applied for a very short period of time under 60s.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims to present the recent literature regarding effects of aging and ureteral stent implantation (UrS) on the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in kidney transplant (KTX) recipients.
RECENT FINDINGS: UTIs in kidney transplant recipients remain a clinical challenge and represent a leading cause of morbidity, hospitalization rates, and mortality. Higher age was described as a significant risk factor for UTIs in several studies including a recent Brazilian analysis, indicating a 3.6%/years of age increase in UTI risk. Subsequently, a large meta-analysis, published in 2023, confirmed the correlation between older age and elevated UTI risk. The Swiss Transplant Cohort Study in 2022, largest of its kind, similarly confirmed a link between advanced age and heightened risk of recurrent UTIs in KTX. A recent prospective study highlighted UrS placement as a modifiable risk factor, emphasizing the need for careful consideration and antibiotic prophylaxis. Additionally, the type of stents played a crucial role, with external stents associated with a 1.69 times higher UTI risk. The challenge of determining optimal UrS removal timing further complicates posttransplant care, with insufficient evidence to guide practices.
SUMMARY: The aging population of KTX recipients requires a personalized approach to effectively reduce and manage UTIs as one of the most important complications following KTX. Prophylactic stent implantation is successful in lowering ureteral complications, however, is associated with an increased incidence of UTIs. To reduce the increased risk of UTIs, the length of stent insertion requires strict supervision and maintenance.
OBJECTIVE: Inflammation has a crucial role in several metabolic diseases, such as obesity. The author aimed to investigate the relationship between the system inflammation response index (SIRI) and android fat composition and distribution.
METHODS: Data for individuals aged 8-59 years, SIRI, android percent fat, and android-to-gynoid ratio from the 2017 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. Weighted multiple linear regression and smooth curve fitting were used to test for linear and nonlinear associations. Additional subgroup analyses were performed. Threshold effect analysis was performed using a two-linear regression model.
RESULTS: Multiple linear regression showed a positive correlation between SIRI and android percent fat (β 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.25-1.59) and between SIRI and the android-to-gynoid ratio (β 0.01, 95% CI 0.00-0.03) in 3783 Americans aged 8-59 years. The results showed that the effect of factors, other than smoking status, on the relationship between SIRI and android percent fat and android-to-gynoid ratio was not significant. There was a nonlinear relationship between SIRI and both android percent fat and android-to-gynoid ratio.
CONCLUSIONS: Elevated SIRI levels were associated with an increased android percent fat and android-to-gynoid ratio. Larger prospective studies are needed to validate the findings.
The presence of cardiac involvement is a serious complication of sarcoidosis. Early diagnosis is challenging since it relies on an array of clinical, biological and imaging abnormalities. Myocardial perfusion imaging with sestamibi is currently a major feature of the diagnosis, since it allows to evidence both microcirculatory impairments and scar. However, some technical limitations are inherent to SPECT, mainly poor spatial resolution and lack of attenuation correction, resulting in the absence of flow quantification. Rubidium-82 (Rb) PET proved to be more sensitive and specific than sestamibi SPECT in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Furthermore, it allows noninvasive measurement of coronary flow reserve. Finally, it exposes patients to lower radiation dose than SPECT. Therefore, Rb PET may help to better identify cardiac involvement of sarcoidosis, and hence to better select those patients who require high-dose steroids.
Blood sampling every 10 minutes over two 12-hour periods. One 12-hour period without any intervention. One 12-hour period consisting of administration of 10 boluses of kisspeptin 112-121 intravenously (IV).
Adult and Adolescent Patients 12 Years of Age and Older

In two 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of identical design (Study 1 and Study 2), PROAIR RESPICLICK (153 patients) was compared to a matched placebo dry powder inhaler (163 patients) in asthmatic patients 12 to 76 years of age at a dose of 180 mcg albuterol four times daily. Patients were maintained on inhaled corticosteroid treatment. Serial FEV1 measurements, shown below in Figure 1 as average of the mean changes from test-day baseline at Day 1 and Day 85, demonstrated that two inhalations of PROAIR RESPICLICK produced significantly greater improvement in FEV1 AUC0‑6hr over the pre-treatment value than placebo in Study 1. Consistent results were observed in Study 2.

Figure 1: FEV1 as Mean Change from Test-Day, Pre-Dose Baseline in a 12-Week Clinical Trial (Study 1)

In Study 1, 44 of 78 patients treated with PROAIR RESPICLICK achieved a 15% increase in FEV1 within 30 minutes post‑dose on Day 1. The median time to onset was 5.7 minutes, and median duration of effect as measured by a 15% increase was approximately 2 hours. Consistent results were observed in Study 2. In a double‑blind, randomized, placebo–controlled, single‑dose crossover study evaluating PROAIR RESPICLICK and ProAir HFA in 71 adult and adolescent subjects ages 12 and older with persistent asthma, PROAIR RESPICLICK had bronchodilator efficacy that was significantly greater than placebo at administered doses of 90 and 180 mcg.

Pediatric Patients 4 to 11 Years of Age 

In a 3‑week, randomized, double‑blind, placebo-controlled trial, PROAIR RESPICLICK (92 patients) was compared to a matched placebo (92 patients) in asthmatic children 4 to 11 years of age at a dose of 180 mcg albuterol four times daily. Serial FEV1 measurements, expressed as the baseline-adjusted percent-predicted FEV1 AUC0‑6h over the 3‑week treatment period, demonstrated that 2 inhalations of PROAIR RESPICLICK produced significantly greater improvement in FEV1 over the pre-treatment value than the matched placebo.

In this study, 48 of 92 patients treated with PROAIR RESPICLICK achieved a 15% increase in FEV1 within 30 minutes post-dose on Day 1. The median time to onset was 5.9 minutes, and the median duration of effect as measured by a 15% increase was approximately 1 hour.

In a placebo-controlled, single-dose, crossover study in 61 patients 4 to 11 years of age, PROAIR RESPICLICK, administered at albuterol doses of 90 and 180 mcg, was compared with a matched placebo and with albuterol HFA MDI. PROAIR RESPICLICK provided similar bronchodilation when administered as one or two inhalations (baseline-adjusted percent-predicted serial FEV1 observed over 6 hours post-dose), whereas two inhalations from albuterol HFA MDI provided significantly greater bronchodilation compared to a single inhalation.
In the experimental arm, Equimundo's Many Ways of Being program will be implemented. Youth will receive eight two-hour sessions or 16 one-hour sessions over four to eight weeks for a total of 14 hours and 40 minutes of programming.
FFR measurement for non-IRA stenosis (\>50% visual estimation) will be performed by continuous infusion of adenosine (140\~180 ug/kg/min) or intracoronary nicorandil (2 mg bolus) injection. The FFR ≤0.80 will be targeted for PCI. In case of non-IRA stenosis \>90%, we will judge FFR value of ≤0.80.
The integrated analysis of host metabolome and intestinal microbiome is an opportunity to explore the complex therapeutic mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicines. Currently, researchers mainly employ various statistical correlation analytical methods to investigate metabolome-microbiome correlations. However, these conventional correlation techniques often focus on statistical correlations and their biological meanings are always ignored, especially the functional relevance between them. Here, we developed a novel enzyme-based functional correlation (EBFC) algorithm to further improve the interpretability and the identified scope of microbe-metabolite correlations based on the conventional Spearman's analysis. The proposed EBFC algorithm is successfully utilized to reveal the therapeutic mechanisms of Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen (JPYS) formula on the treatment of adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) rats. JPYS, a TCM formula for treating CKD, has beneficial clinical effects. We tentatively revealed the potential mechanism of JPYS for treating CKD rats from the perspective of the serum metabolome, gut microbiome, and their interactions. Specifically, 11 metabolites and 19 bacterial genera in the CKD rats were significantly regulated to approaching normal status after JPYS treatment, suggesting that JPYS could ameliorate the pathological symptoms of CKD rats by reshaping the disturbed metabolome and gut microbiota. Further correlation analysis between the significantly perturbed metabolites, microbiota, and the related enzymes provided more strong evidence for the study of host metabolism-microbiota interactions and the therapeutic mechanism of JPYS on CKD rats. In conclusion, these findings will help us to deeply understand the pathogenesis of CKD and provide new insights into the therapeutic mechanism of JPYS.
UNLABELLED: To investigate the impact of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) on the efficacy of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) in patients with chronic constipation, our research team included 218 patients with chronic constipation treated with FMT. Based on the results of the SIBO breath test, the patients were divided into two groups: the constipation with SIBO group (SIBO) and the constipation without SIBO group (non-SIBO). The efficacy of the two groups was evaluated using constipation-related scoring scales. At the same time, feces and small intestinal fluid samples were collected from both groups before and after FMT to compare the changes in the intestinal microbiota through 16S rRNA sequencing. In this study, it was found that the clinical efficacy of FMT in the SIBO group was superior to that in the non-SIBO group. After FMT treatment, both groups showed a significant increase in bowel frequency and improvement in stool characteristics. Abdominal symptoms, rectal symptoms, and defecation symptoms were significantly alleviated (P < 0.05), and patients' quality of life was significantly enhanced (P < 0.05). After FMT, except for the Constipation Assessment Scale scores, other scale scores showed significant differences between the two groups, the SIBO group scoring significantly better than the non-SIBO group (P < 0.05). After FMT, there were minor changes in the colonic microbiota but more substantial changes in the small intestinal microbiota. At baseline, the SIBO group had a higher abundance of Veillonella, and lower abundances of Escherichia-Shigella and Acinetobacter compared to the non-SIBO group. Chronic constipation patients with SIBO have a better response to FMT than those without SIBO.
IMPORTANCE: Existing studies have rarely considered the impact of the small intestine's microbial state on the efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), nor have they extensively explored the effect of the small intestine's microbial state on the recovery of colonic motility. Therefore, this study investigates the influence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) on the efficacy of FMT in treating constipation, specifically the impact of the microbial state of the small intestine on the restoration of colonic homeostasis, and consequently on the recovery of colonic motility.
Current myocardial infarction (MI) treatments are suboptimal, necessitating deeper pathogenesis understanding of MI. This research explored how exosomes (Exo) derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) contribute to MI mitigation and their therapeutic potential. Isolated BMSCs was identified by microscope, flow cytometry, alizarin red and oil red O staining. Exo were identified by TEM, NTA and western blot. HE staining, masson staining, and cardiac function parameters were used to assess the cardiac function in MI mice. TUNEL staining, western blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect apoptosis, inflammatory factors and M1/M2 markers. The NF-κB pathway activation was detected through western blot assays. Immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, western blot, and flow cytometry were employed to evaluate macrophage polarization. MI mice showed cardiac injury, increased apoptosis and inflammation, while BMSCs-Exo treatment alleviated these effects. In MI mice, the macrophage M1 polarization was increased and the NF-κB pathway was activated, whereas BMSCs-Exo treatment reversed these changes. Furthermore, CISH expression was reduced in MI mice, but was elevated with BMSCs-Exo treatment. In vitro, LPS shifted RAW264.7 cells to M1 phenotype and activated the NF-κB pathway, yet BMSCs-Exo shifted them to M2 phenotype and inhibited the NF-κB pathway. Mechanistically, BMSCs-Exo induced macrophage M2 polarization by transmitting CISH to inhibit NF-κB activation. BMSCs-Exo mitigates MI by transmitting CISH to inhibit the NF-κB pathway, promoting macrophages to M2 type. This implies BMSCs-Exo could be a useful treatment for MI, and CISH could be a potential therapy target.
Sunflower oil is one of the most commonly used fat sources in Argentina, and deep-fat frying is the popular food preparation process. The liver response of feeding a diet containing fried sunflower oil (SFOx) on growing rats was studied. Thirty-nine male weanling Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of three diets for 8 wks: control (C), sunflower oil (SFO), and a diet containing SFOx, both of the sunflower diets were mixed with a commercial rat chow at weight ratio of 13% (w/w). Body weight and food consumption were recorded weekly. At t=8 wk, lipid profile and glycemia were measured. Visceral adiposity was registered. Liver was weighed and preserved for histological analysis, relative fatty acid profile, fibrosis markers and oxidative status. The three diets did not alter body weights; however, the SFOx fed rats showed increased energy intake and visceral fat; therefore, in liver saturated fat content, trans fatty acids, plus other unidentified minor components, such as hydroperoxides, hydroxides, epidioxides, hydroperoxy epidioxides, hydroxylepidioxides, and epoxides, were detected. The hepatosomatic index of SFOx rats was altered and showed hepatic steatosis. SFOx rats exhibited increased liver dichlorodihydrofluorescein-diacetate and thiobarbituric acid substance levels and oxidized-proteins content. Their livers had lower relative levels of monounsaturated, polyunsaturated fatty acids and catalase activity, but matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity was unchanged. Consumption of a diet rich in fried oil during growth could induce liver damage due to steatosis, excessive lipid toxicity and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Further progression could lead to hepatic fibrosis.