anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
One of the most serious effects of HIV disease in children is neuropsychological deterioration (relating to mental and nervous system functioning). This complication affects the vast majority of HIV infected children. A previous study of continuous intravenous administration of AZT in pediatric patients with HIV infection showed consistent and dramatic improvements of symptoms in all patients that had shown neurodevelopmental deficits or abnormalities. These improvements were seen within 3 to 4 weeks after AZT treatment was started. Neurodevelopmental improvements have been sustained on AZT, usually showing steady improvement which, in some patients, was associated with restoration of pre-HIV intellectual and neurological function. This study also showed an increase in the IQ scores of children receiving continuous infusion of AZT who did not have overt clinical evidence of encephalopathy (disease of the brain). Thus changes in cognitive function may be among the earliest signs of AIDS encephalopathy and underscores the need to start therapies that will treat the central nervous system in patients who appear to be clinically intact. A study comparing continuous infusion to intermittent dosing of AZT showed a significant increase in IQ scores for those children receiving the continuous dose compared to those treated with the intermittent schedule. Although a portable infusion pump allows patients to receive continuous infusion of AZT, a sustained release oral formulation that could provide a continuous release of AZT into the bloodstream would be highly desirable.

AMENDED 07/07/93: Children with progressive encephalopathy who have received a minimum of 3 months of oral or intermittent AZT or who have failed to improve following 6 months of optimal AZT will receive continuous infusion AZT via a portable infusion pump.

AMENDED: The oral sustained release has been dropped and is now oral ddI. Added has been a planned stratification for randomization for patients who received any antiretroviral therapy 4 or more weeks prior to study entry. The informed consent was modified to reflect ddI toxicities from adult studies. Computerized Tomography radiation dosimetry is now included.

AMENDED: Dropping the ddI component and open only to children with encephalopathy meaning they are losing milestones, this is equal to a P2 CDC rating . Testing the difference in intermediate vs continuous AZT. 12/1990. Original design: Children are first evaluated for randomization according to whether they have or do not have evidence of neurodevelopmental deficits at the time of the initial pretreatment evaluation. Patients are assigned to 1 of 3 groups, to receive AZT (1) by continuous infusion; (2) by oral, intermittent (every 6 hours) dosing; or (3) by oral sustained-release dosing. If the oral sustained-release formulation is not available when this study begins, it will begin with only the first 2 groups. The sustained release preparation will be evaluated as soon as it is available. Patients will be tested to measure physical or biological improvement in neurodevelopmental function.
BACKGROUND: Previous research identifies organisational culture as one of a number of factors associated with the quality of life outcomes of group home residents' with intellectual and developmental disabilities. This study aims to elaborate on the dimensions of group home culture in settings in England.
METHOD: Participant observations and semi-structured interviews with staff were carried out in two group homes. Field-notes, interview notes and transcripts were analysed using inductive thematic analysis by a researcher naïve to the project and the previous literature. Initial coding was re-examined after sensitisation to theorised models in previous literature to identify the most parsimonious fit. The two settings were rated and compared using a five-point Likert scale for each of the dimensions.
RESULTS: The findings describe group home culture across seven dimensions. There were mixed ratings across the different dimensions reflecting inconsistencies in culture that were reflected in staff practice. The challenge in assigning a global rating of culture in group homes, which includes interactions across multiple staff and multiple residents over time, was highlighted.
CONCLUSION: The development of an observational measure of culture is highlighted as potentially helpful in understanding and responding to culture in services for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities.
After the endodontic procedure, Premixed Bioceramic Putty (Well-Root™ PT) will be placed into the apical 4mm of the canals. After 12 min, the coronal and middle third of the root canal will be filled with gutta-percha. The coronal restoration will be completed with GIC, composite.
Introducing and establishing new food requires a detailed evaluation of its safety, nutritional value and functionality, thus the control and probiotic-rich adzuki and mung bean sprouts were studied in an in vivo rats model. However, the total feed intake did not differ significantly between the groups, the highest body weight gain and body weight change were recorded in the control AIN diet. At the same time, the addition of legume sprouts caused a reduction of these parameters (up to 25% in the variant with probiotic-rich adzuki bean sprouts). There was no significant effect on serum morphology, except white blood cells (ca. 20% reduction in the control sprout-supplemented diets). Serum and liver antiradical properties were significantly elevated by consuming mung bean sprouts (no effect of the probiotics). The faecal lactic acid bacteria were already increased by the control sprouts (a 2.8- and 2.1-fold increase for adzuki and mung bean sprouts, respectively). The probiotic-rich sprouts further improved this parameter. The diets enriched with mung bean sprouts significantly decreased the urease (by ca. 65%) and β-glucuronidase activities (by ca. 30%). All the tested diets caused also a significant reduction of faecal tryptophanase activity (the effect was intensified by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 299v). The functional components did not affect negatively the nutritional parameters and blood morphological characteristics. They improved also the antioxidant potential and significantly decreased the activities of colon cancer-related enzymes (urease and tryptophanase). The results confirmed that these new probiotic carriers may be a valuable, safe and functional element of a healthy diet.
There is currently disparity between demand and available resources for colonoscopy. At present around 300,000 participants (and rising) are being referred annually to NHS trusts suspected of colorectal cancer (CRC). These participants are offered invasive colonic examinations (colonoscopy or CT colonography) but only 30% will have significant bowel disease. Significant bowel disease includes neoplasia (cancer and benign tumours) and significant treatable benign conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and microscopic colitis. Of the remaining 70%, 40% have completely normal colonic investigations and 30% have functional bowel conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome or diverticular disease.

Set against this there is and will remain for the foreseeable future a capacity shortfall for colonoscopy. This limits the ability of the NHS to extend colorectal cancer detection within the Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP) or to target those participants that present for the first time through the Emergency Department (25% of all colorectal cancer diagnoses).

The increasing demand, limited capacity and lack of a triage tests have left NHS trusts with a conundrum of how best to stratify those with symptoms and at risk of SBD including CRC. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has recommended a stool test (faecal immunochemical testing for haemoglobin, known as FIT) in the assessment of those suspected of CRC. NICE have recommended 10 μgHb/g faeces as the cut off for investigation of people with low risk symptoms who, account for only 10% of those referred with suspected CRC. When applied to high risk symptom groups, FIT will miss a significant number of participants with CRC (\~10%) if used on its own at the threshold recommended by NICE (10 μgHb/g faeces). FIT will also miss a large number of significant potentially pre-cancerous polyps (\~40%). Early detection and removal of such polyps will reduce risk of CRC.

The Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP) has set a FIT cut off of \>120 μgHb/g faeces, compared to the NICE threshold of 10 μgHb/g faeces, but even at the lower threshold recommended by NICE some SBDs will be missed. Whilst a lower threshold might improve detection of SBD, it will increase the number of colonoscopies that find no abnormality. Consequently, the investigators have been investigating a urine test (in addition to FIT) to improve detection of participants with SBD with a view to reducing unnecessary colonoscopies. The urine test analyses volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that originate from the body and provides a chemical 'fingerprint' that is disease specific. Stool FIT and urine VOCs identify different biological characteristics of SBD - haemoglobin (as a marker of excess blood loss) versus metabolic response to inflammation. In a preliminary study of 562 participants, stool FIT on its own (at a threshold determined from the data) detected 80% of those with colorectal cancer. However, the addition of urine chemical testing improved this to 97%. The number of CRC cases missed by combined FIT and urine chemical testing is similar to that of colonoscopy, the current gold standard.
Participants will receive standard of care pembrolizumab combined with platinum-doublet chemotherapy for 4 cycles, then pembrolizumab plus pemetrexed maintenance for up to 31 additional cycles. The platinum doublet would be pemetrexed plus the investigator's choice of either cisplatin or carboplatin.
AAD is an airway clearance technique for infants based upon the principles of autogenic drainage .AAD sometimes leads to crying or resistance against therapy.Bouncing (at low amplitude:6-8 cm) in a stable upright position is a gentle up-and-down movement on a physio ball. It is not an ACT, but used to maximize the relaxation of the infant, avoiding resistance against or crying during treatment. Due to the relaxing effect of bouncing, infants appear to tolerate better AAD, increasing the effectiveness of the treatment.
PURPOSE: A composition containing Lysimachia foenum-graecum Hance extract and pharmacologically acceptable carriers is provided to induce brain cancer cell apoptisis and suppress brain cancer proliferation. CONSTITUTION: A composition for treating brain cancer contains Lysimachia foenum-graecum Hance extract which is prepared by dipping pulverized Lysimachia foenum-graecum Hance in aliphatic polar solvent under 60 Deg. D or less. The aliphatic polar solvent is alcohol of 1-5 carbon atoms. Lysimachia foenum-graecum Hance is dried in a dark place at room temperature. A method for preparing Lysimachia foenum-graecum Hance extract comprises: a step of dipping pulverized Lysimachia foenum-graecum Hance in the alcohol solvent less than 60 Deg. C; a step of secondarily drying the alcohol solvent to prepare a solid active ingredient; and a step of freeze-storing.
This parallel arm randomized controlled clinical trial study will include systematically free patients with thin gingival phenotype. They will be randomly allocated to three equal groups. Group A (test group, n=10) will receive non-surgical periodontal treatment and connective tissue graft using tunneling technique, Group B (test group, n=10) will receive non-surgical periodontal treatment and partially de-epithelized free gingival graft, while group C (control group, n=10) will receive non-surgical periodontal treatment only. After 3, 6 and 12 months gingival biotype will be clinically assessed (1ry outcome). This parameter will be recorded at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months. The 2ry outcomes will include recording of recession depth, plaque index, bleeding on probing, keratinized tissue width . Postoperative pain and swelling will be recorded daily by the patient for the 1st two weeks post-surgically. Postoperative instructions and medication will be given to the patient. All readings will be carried out by a calibrated outcome assessor who will be masked. Follow-up will be performed to assess the outcomes and to ensure performing proper oral hygiene. Data collected will be tabulated and statistically analyzed.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.

In two randomized, vehicle-controlled trials, 1143 subjects were treated with NAFTIN ® Gel versus 571 subjects treated with the vehicle. The trial subjects were 12 to 92 years old, were primarily male (76%), and were 59% Caucasian, 38% Black or African American, and 23% Hispanic or Latino. Subjects received doses once daily, topically, for 2 weeks to cover the affected skin areas plus a ½-inch margin of surrounding healthy skin. The most common adverse reactions were application site reactions which occurred at the rate of 2% in NAFTIN Gel arm versus 1% in vehicle arm. Most adverse reactions were mild in severity. 

In an open-label pediatric pharmacokinetics and safety trial 22 pediatric subjects 12-17 years of age with interdigital tinea pedis received NAFTIN ® Gel. The incidence of adverse reactions in the pediatric population was similar to that observed in adult population. 

Cumulative irritancy testing revealed the potential for NAFTIN ® Gel to cause irritation. There was no evidence that NAFTIN ® Gel causes contact sensitization, phototoxicity, or photoallergenicity in healthy skin.
The present invention provides antibodies and antigen-binding fragments thereof that immunospecifically bind to PD-1, preferably human or mouse PD-1, and induce or promote an immune response that activates immune cell proliferation or activity. In contrast to the current paradigm of PD-1 specifically promoting an inhibitory immune response, the disclosed antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof immunospecifically bind to PD-1 and cause an activation signal to be delivered to the immune cells that activates the immune cells rather than inhibits the immune cells. In one embodiment, the disclosed antibodies and antigen binding fragments thereof specifically bind to PD-1 expressed on immune cells. Binding of the disclosed antibodies and antigen-binding fragments thereof to PD-1 on an immune cell results in an activation signal (e.g., a signal that enhances or promotes cytokine production and/or immune cell proliferation activation) being delivered into the immune cell. Immune cells expressing PD-1 include, but are not limited to, B cells and T cells as well as myeloid derived cells. In one embodiment, the immune cell is a T cell, preferably a CD8+ T cell.
BACKGROUND: Bone marrow edema (BME) in the acromioclavicular joint (ACj) may occur after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR), resulting in persistent postoperative ACj pain. We investigated the incidence and clinical characteristics of BME in ACj after ARCR.
METHODS: Patients exhibiting ACj-related symptoms prior to ARCR surgery, no BME in the ACj on MRI, and an ability to undergo 2-year postoperative physical and MRI examinations of the ACj were included. Patients who underwent distal clavicle resection or osteophyte resection below the ACj and those unable to achieve primary repair of the rotator cuff were excluded. MRI evaluation was performed preoperatively and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Patients who showed BME in ACj on fat-suppressed T2 MRI at 24 months postoperatively were classified into the BME + group, and those with no BME were classified into the BME- group. Patient background, operation time, Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score, re-tear rate, ACj tenderness, and cross-body adduction test were compared between groups. In addition, we examined the time of occurrence of BME.
RESULTS: A total of 345 ARCRs were performed during the study period. After the exclusion of 114 shoulders, the remaining 231 shoulders were included in this study. There were 208 cases in the BME- group and 23 cases in the BME + group. The incidence of BME was 9.96 %. Although the JOA scores of both groups showed a significant improvement postoperatively compared to preoperatively, there was no significant difference between the two groups. In terms of re-tear, there was 1 case in the BME + group and 7 in the BME- group. Positive ACj tenderness and cross-body adduction test were significantly higher in the BME + group (P < 0.001). BME occurred in 6 cases at 3 months, 9 cases at 6 months, and 8 cases at 1 year postoperatively. None of the patients developed BME at more than 1 year postoperatively. BME was observed on MRI in all cases at 2 years postoperatively.
CONCLUSIONS: The rate of occurrence of BME in the ACj after ARCR was 9.96 %. Patients with BME were significantly more likely to have ACj tenderness and positive cross-body adduction test. BME in the ACj often occurs within 6 months to 1 year after ARCR of small-to-medium rotator cuff tears, suggesting a relationship with postoperative functional improvement of the shoulder joint. The ACj should be considered as a potential site of persistent pain after ARCR for small-to-medium rotator cuff tears.
FIELD: medicine, surgery. SUBSTANCE: method is performed in three stages. The first stage deals with preparing mucous gastric membrane for subsequent impact with an ozonized solution by gastric and duodenal washing with a normothermal 0.9-% sodium chloride solution. The second stage deals with introduction of an ozonized hypothermal 0.9%-sodium chloride solution into gastric and duodenal cavity at ozone concentration being 500-800 mcg/l for 8-10 min at the temperature of hypothermal solution being plus 10-12 C followed by evacuation of solution with the help of an endoscope. The third stage deals with introduction of an ozonized hyperthermal 0.9-% sodium chloride solution into gastric and duodenal cavity at ozone concentration being 100-1200 mcg/l for 5 min at the temperature of hyperthermal solution being plus 40-42 C. Said procedure should be conducted once daily. The second and third stages should be repeated twice or thrice while performing the procedure. Treatment course consists of 7 seances conducted every other day. The method enables to accelerate the elimination of infection and shorten the terms for ulcerous cicatrization. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 1 ex
INTRODUCTION: Early neoplastic progression of Barrett's esophagus (BE) is often treated with endoscopic therapy. Although effective, some patients are refractory to therapy or recur after apparent eradication of the BE. The goal of this study was to determine whether genomic alterations within the treated BE may be associated with persistent or recurrent disease.
METHODS: We performed DNA sequencing on pre-treatment esophageal samples from 45 patients who were successfully treated by endoscopic therapy and did not recur as well as pre-treatment and post-treatment samples from 40 patients who had persistent neoplasia and 21 patients who had recurrent neoplasia. The genomic alterations were compared between groups.
RESULTS: The genomic landscape was similar between all groups. Patients with persistent disease were more likely to have pre-treatment alterations involving the receptor tyrosine kinase pathway ( P = 0.01), amplifications of oncogenes ( P = 0.01), and deletions of tumor suppressor genes ( P = 0.02). These associations were no longer significant after adjusting for patient age and BE length. More than half of patients with persistent (52.5%) or recurrent (57.2%) disease showed pre-treatment and post-treatment samples that shared at least 50% of their driver mutations.
DISCUSSION: Pre-treatment samples were genomically similar between those who responded to endoscopic therapy and those who had persistent or recurrent disease, suggesting there is not a strong genomic component to treatment response. Although it was expected to find shared driver mutations in pre-treatment and post-treatment samples in patients with persistent disease, the finding that an equal number of patients with recurrent disease also showed this relation suggests that many recurrences represent undetected minimal residual disease.
New Partial program participants complete a packet of questionnaires during their initial appointment, which will be used as baseline levels of eating disorder symptoms and psychological health. Participants will complete the writing as part of their eating disorder therapy. The writing will be completed individually. The writing will consist of continuous writing for fifteen minutes on three consecutive days. The experimental group will write about traumatic or stressful experiences, while the control group will objectively describe events. A post-writing packet of questionnaires will be completed one week after completing the writing. A follow-up evaluation will occur four-weeks after completion of the post-writing packet and will include completing a packet of questionnaires and debriefing.
Participants in this experimental group will receive the CO-OP (Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance) approach combined with creative dance interventions. The creative dance component will involve simple, structured movements designed to enhance cognitive and motor functions such as attention, memory, and coordination. The intervention will be administered three times per week for 60-minute sessions over an 8-week period. This group will alternate between CO-OP activities and creative dance exercises, integrating both to improve daily functional performance and cognitive abilities.
Integrity of posterior ligament complex (PLC) has an important bearing on the treatment strategies for thoracolumbar (TL) fractures. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the gold standard to confirm PLC injury. The routine use of MRI has its limitations especially since in most trauma centers MRI is not the primary assessment for TL fractures due to reduced availability, increased cost and its adverse applicability in trauma setting and in case of a polytrauma. In contrast computed tomography (CT) scans are an integral part of trauma evaluation protocols, are accurate in spine fracture diagnosis and are performed in less time, making them suitable to assess polytrauma scenarios. In a recent pilot study, a number of radiological parameters based on CT scans have shown to reliably detect PLC injury when compared to MRI. The aim of the study is to reconfirm and validate these CT based parameters to assess PLC injury compared to MRI.
A laser system for eye surgery comprises a laser source for emitting a laser beam and a beam delivery means to direct the laser beam to a position where a patient's eye is located. The beam delivery means within a beam delivery arm is arranged at an angle a with respect to the direction of the beam when emitted from the laser source. The angle a is in a range of 105° to 165°, preferably in a range of 115° to 155°, and more preferably the angle a is approximately 135°. The system may comprise a device body in which the laser source may be arranged. The beam delivery means may comprise a beam delivery arm extending to a position above the patient's eye. Preferably, the laser source is arranged to emit the laser beam in a direction from the head to the feet of the patient when being positioned for surgery. That is, the laser beam is emitted in a direction away from an operator of the device.