anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Over 3.1 million women are currently living with a diagnosis of breast cancer in the United States (US), representing 41% of all female cancer survivors in the US. The increased breast cancer survival rate has necessitated a shift in cancer care toward developing interventions to empower patients to improve their quality-of-life, and perhaps prognosis, during and after treatment. Among women diagnosed with early-stage (I or II) breast cancer, around 40% will receive chemotherapy. Among women diagnosed with late-stage (III or IV), around 75% will receive chemotherapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with many side effects, including fatigue, nausea, disturbed sleep, decreased activity, and weight gain. Women receiving chemotherapy gain an average of 2.5 to 6.2 kg during therapy. Weight gain increases the risk of breast cancer recurrence and mortality, as well as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and second primary cancers. Physical activity alleviates or reduces both short and long term treatment side effects of chemotherapy, including weight gain, and restores physical functioning in breast cancer patients. Additionally, randomized controlled trials in breast cancer patients have shown that adding exercise to chemotherapy programs can improve breast cancer outcomes.

Although there are many benefits of engaging in physical activity during cancer treatments, activity levels typically decline throughout treatment. Existing research has relied on self-reported activity levels, which is a poor measure of low-intensity activities and can only capture a periodic snap shot of activity levels. This study will provide objective physical activity data across the entirety of the patient's chemotherapy treatments. This in depth data will provide a new perspective on the patterns of activity levels and help to identify if there are critical times in which to intervene to prevent physical activity declines.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Serum procalcitonin (PCT) is a highly accurate biomarker for stratifying the risk of invasive bacterial infections (IBIs) in febrile infants ≤60 days old. However, PCT is unavailable in some settings. We explored the association of leukopenia and neutropenia with IBIs in non-critically ill febrile infants ≤60 days old, with and without PCT.
METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of a prospective observational cohort consisting of 7407 non-critically ill infants ≤60 days old with temperatures ≥38°C. We focused on the risk of IBIs in patients with leukopenia (white blood cell [WBC] count <5000 cells/μL) or neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count [ANC] <1000 cells/μL), categorized to extremes of lower values, and the impact of PCT on these associations. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of IBIs.
RESULTS: Final analysis included 6865 infants with complete data; 45% (3098) had PCT data available. Of the 6865, a total of 111 (1.6%) had bacteremia without bacterial meningitis, 18 (0.3%) had bacterial meningitis without bacteremia, and 19 (0.3%) had both bacteremia and bacterial meningitis. IBI was present in four of 20 (20%) infants with WBC counts ≤2500 cells/μL and four of 311 (1.3%) with ANC ≤1000 cells/μL. In multivariable logistic regression analysis not including PCT, a WBC count ≤2500 cells/μL was significantly associated with IBI (OR 13.48, 95% CI 2.92-45.35). However, no patients with leukopenia or neutropenia and PCT ≤0.5 ng/mL had IBIs.
CONCLUSIONS: Leukopenia ≤2500 cells/μL in febrile infants ≤60 days old is associated with IBIs. However, in the presence of normal PCT levels, no patients with leukopenia had IBIs. While this suggests leukopenia ≤2500 cells/μL is a risk factor for IBIs in non-critically ill young febrile infants only when PCT is unavailable or elevated, the overall low frequency of leukopenia in this cohort warrants caution in interpretation, with future validation required.
The invention belongs to the field of organic chemical synthesis, and discloses a cyclobut-1-enamine compound, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in antiviral and antitumor drugs. It is of the general formula (I) wherein EWG is selected from alkyl or aryl substituted sulfonyl; r is selected from alkyl, alkoxy, halogen and nitro. The invention heats the alkynylamide raw material to a molten state under the drive of heat, so that [2+2] occurs among molecules]And (3) cycloaddition reaction to obtain the polysubstituted cyclobut-1-enamine compound. The method has the advantages of easily available raw materials, simple steps, no catalyst, no solvent, high yield and the like. The compound has the activities of resisting SARS-CoV-2, 5637, hela, SW480, hep G2, A549 and MCF-7, and has good application prospect in the aspect of treating novel coronavirus, bladder cancer, cervical cancer, colon cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer and breast cancer. （I）。
Justice-involved youth exhibit high rates of substance use and mental health symptoms, yet few receive treatment during detention or community re-entry. Once released into the community, caregivers must facilitate youth's treatment engagement, mobilizing significant resources and facing many barriers (e.g., transportation, mistrust) to do so. Parenting stress, which is heightened during youth detention and community reentry, is associated with greater perceived barriers to treatment, less youth therapeutic change throughout treatment, and premature treatment dropout. Addressing parenting stress improves youth treatment engagement and outcomes among youth exhibiting antisocial behavior, yet given the many barriers to treatment, novel approaches to intervention are needed; mobile health (mHealth) technology is one promising approach. Caregivers of justice-involved youth and system stakeholders are interested in mHealth treatment and mHealth addresses instrumental barriers (e.g., transportation) to treatment. Advances in technology and community engaged research allow for active stakeholder collaboration in mHealth application development, with no technological expertise required, through participatory informatics; caregiver involvement increases the likelihood the intervention will be relevant and efficacious. The purpose of this mixed-methods K23 study is to 1) develop a mHealth parenting stress intervention using participatory informatics; 2) assess the feasibility and acceptability of the participatory informatics approach and the intervention; 3) evaluate the intervention's preliminary efficacy in reducing parenting stress and increasing youth engagement in substance use or dual diagnosis treatment post-detention through a pilot randomized controlled trial; and 4) understand systems-level factors that could influence eventual system adoption and sustainability.
The rising incidence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has become a major concern, affecting children's psychological well-being and placing a significant strain on healthcare systems. Despite its impact, the etiological mechanisms underpinning ASD remain elusive. This study leveraged dorsolateral prefrontal cortex gene data from 452 individuals of European descent, sourced from the CommonMindConsortium, and examined ASD-related gene expression data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE18123), along with Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data from the Lundbeck Foundation Integrated Psychiatric Research and Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Expression quantitative trait loci data were sourced from the GTExv8 database. We employed Transcriptome-Wide Association Studies (TWAS) and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to pinpoint genes within ASD-associated susceptibility gene families (ARHGAP, MAP). Four genes-ARHGAP27, MAPT, ARHGAP19, and MAP1B-were scrutinized, and their biological implications were elucidated through Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) analysis and conditional analysis within the TWAS framework helped identify pivotal genes (ARHGAP27, MAPT). A subsequent verification phase involving Mendelian Randomization (MR) evaluated the potential causal links between the identified genes and ASD. The findings revealed no causal association between ARHGAP19, MAP1B, and ASD. In contrast, significant causal relationships were established for ARHGAP27 and MAPT, suggesting that ARHGAP27 may elevate ASD risk as a susceptibility gene, whereas MAPT appears to reduce the risk as a protective gene.
Gliomas are the most prevalent malignancies of the central nervous system (CNS). Downregulation of microRNA‑124 (miR‑124) has been identified in glioma; however, its biological functions in glioma are not yet fully understood. Specificity protein 1 (SP1) is a type of transcription factor that is involved in cancer progression. In this study, we examined the targeting of Sp1 mRNA by miR-124-3p in a rat glioma model. After confirming and selecting the binding of Sp1 to miR-124 with the help of bioinformatics methods, adult male Wistar rats were used to induce glioma by microinjection of 1 × 106 C6 cells into the striatum area of brain. The rats were divided into 3 groups; intact, sham and glioma groups. The presence of glioma was confirmed 21 days after implantation through histological analysis. The expression levels of miR-124 and SP1 genes in the experimental groups were examined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Our data showed that the expression of miR-124 was significantly downregulated in glioma group compared to the sham and intact group, while the expression of SP1 was significantly upregulated. We found that the expression levels of miR-124 and Sp1 were decreased and increased in C6 cell line compared to the normal brain tissue cell line, respectively. The results indicated that Sp1 was identified as a direct target of miR‑124 through luciferase reporter assays. In summary, this study demonstrated for the first time that miR-124 expression is downregulated and Sp1 expression is upregulated in an animal model of glioma, which, in turn, may be involved in the development of glioma brain cancer.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the grain size of a carrier for direct blood perfusion while maintaining excellent blood passability by coupling sulfated polysaccharides and/or their salts with a water-insoluble carrier. SOLUTION: This carrier for an adsorbent is formed by coupling the sulfated polysaccharides and/or their salts, for example, heparin, dextran sulfate and/or its potassium salt and sodium salt with the water-insoluble carrier. The sulfated polysaccharides and/or their salts which have the ultimate viscosity of 0.005 to 0.5dl/g are preferable for suppressing the adhesion of the blood cells. About 0.007 to 0.4dl/g is more preferable for efficient execution of immobilization. Further, the sulfur content of the sulfated polysaccharides and/or their salts is preferably specified to 5 to 22wt.% for suppressing the adhesion of the blood cells. Further, the setting of the content to about 8 to 22wt.% is preferable for blood anticoagulation. The amt. of the coupling to the carrier is preferably specified to 0.02 to 200mg per 1ml carrier for suppressing the adhesion of the blood cells.
Patients will be assigned to a "pre-implementation" (control) group or a "post-implementation" (treatment) group. The first twelve participants will be the control group and the next twelve participants will be the treatment group. The control group will receive inhaled O2 alone. All participants will receive pre-procedural standard of care for IUD insertions, including 400-600 mg ibuprofen orally at least 20 minutes prior to insertion to reduce post-procedure pain. Control group participants will receive 100% O2 for two minutes prior to speculum placement. Inhaled oxygen will be administered throughout the duration of the procedure.
Nutrition profoundly influences the risk for many age-related diseases. Whether nutrition influences human aging biology directly is less clear. Studies in different animal species indicate that reducing food intake ("caloric restriction" [CR]) can increase lifespan and delay the onset of diseases and the biological hallmarks of aging. Obesity has been described as "accelerated aging" and therefore the lifespan and health benefits generated by CR in both aging and obesity may occur via similar mechanisms. Beyond calorie intake, studies based on nutritional geometry have shown that protein intake and the interaction between dietary protein and carbohydrates influence age-related health and lifespan. Studies where animals are calorically restricted by providing free access to diluted diets have had less impact on lifespan than those studies where animals are given a reduced aliquot of food each day and are fasting between meals. This has drawn attention to the role of fasting in health and aging, and exploration of the health effects of various fasting regimes. Although definitive human clinical trials of nutrition and aging would need to be unfeasibly long and unrealistically controlled, there is good evidence from animal experiments that some nutritional interventions based on CR, manipulating dietary macronutrients, and fasting can influence aging biology and lifespan.
The genus Anaplasma includes A. marginale, A. centrale, A. bovis, A. ovis, A. platys, and A. phagocytophilum transmitted by ticks, some of which are zoonotic and cause anaplasmosis in humans and animals. In 2012, a new species was discovered in goats in China. In 2015, the same agent was detected in humans in China, and it was provisionally named Anaplasma capra, referring to 2012. The studies conducted to date have revealed the existence of A. capra in humans, domestic animals, wild animals, and ticks from three different continents (Asia, Europe, and Africa). Phylogenetic analyses based on gltA and groEL sequences show that A. capra clearly includes two different genotypes (A. capra genotype-1 and A. capra genotype-2). Although A. capra human isolates are in the genotype-2 group, goat, sheep, and cattle isolates are in both groups, making it difficult to establish a host genotype-relationship. According to current data, it can be thought that human isolates are genotype-2 and while only genotype-1 is found in Europe, both genotypes are found in Asia. Anaplasma capra causes clinical disease in humans, but the situation is not yet sufficient to understand the zoonotic importance and pathogenicity in animals. In the present review, the history, hosts (vertebrates and ticks), molecular prevalence, pathogenic properties, and genetic diversity of A. capra were evaluated from a broad perspective.
IMGN632, administered intravenously on Day 7 of a 28 day cycle at 0.015 mg/kg, 0.045 mg/kg, or 0.09 mg/kg, in combination with azacitidine, administered subcutaneously or intravenously daily at 75 mg/m2 on Days 1 to 7 of a 28 day cycle. Cycle 1 azacitidine dose in subsequent cohorts may be reduced.
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. IgA is mainly produced by the gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). Both experimental and clinical data suggest a role of the gut microbiota in this disease. The inventors aimed to determine if an intervention targeting the gut microbiota could impact disease development in a humanized mouse model of IgAN, the α1 KI -CD89 TG  mice. Four- week old mice were divided into two groups to receive either antibiotics or vehicle-control by oral gavage twice a week for eight weeks. Antibiotic treatment efficiently depleted the faecal microbiota, impaired GALT architecture and impacted mouse IgA production. However, while hlgA1 and mIgG serum levels were unchanged, the antibiotic treatment markedly prevented hlgA1 mesangial deposition, glomerular inflammation and the development of proteinuria. This was associated with a significant decrease in circulating hlgA1-mIgG complexes. These data support that use of antibiotics would be suitable for the treatment of immunoglobulin A nephropathy.
The Sleep Continuity Disruption condition will be conducted on two consecutive nights. An 8-hour sleep opportunity period will be disturbed by several forced awakenings at random intervals during which no sleep is permitted.
This invention relates to cocrystals of naloxone and of naltrexone and their use as opioid antagonists. The cocrystals of the invention include naloxone isonicotinamide cocrystal, naloxone hydrochloride piperazine cocrystal, naltrexone menthol cocrystal, naltrexone thymine cocrystal, naltrexone 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid cocrystal, naltrexone salicylic acid cocrystal, naltrexone hydrochloride piperazine cocrystal and naltrexone hydrochloride sulfathiazole cocrystal. A drug-in¬ adhesive transdermal patch containing the opioid analgesic fentanyl or an analog thereof and a cocrystal of naloxone or naltrexone is disclosed. Also disclosed is a method of treating pain, such as acute, chronic or intermittent pain, by applying a drug-in-adhesive transdermal patch of the invention to the skin of a patient in need thereof. Also disclosed is an improved transdermal patch for administering fentanyl or an analog thereof, or for administering a mu opioid agonist, the improvement wherein the transdermal patch contains a cocrystal of the invention in an abuse limiting amount. The improved transdermal patch may be a drug-in-adhesive transdermal patch or a reservoir transdermal patch.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate efficacy and safety of either or both silodosin and mirabegron as MET for distal ureteric stones ≤ 10 mm.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study enrolled a total of 105 patients, aged between 20 and 56 years, diagnosed by single radiopaque distal ureteral stone measuring ≤ 10 mm. The recruitment period spanned from May 2020 to December 2021. The patients were randomly divided into three groups, with each group consisting of 35 participants. Group A received a once-daily dose of 8 mg of silodosin, group B received a once-daily dose of 50 mg of mirabegron, and group C received a combination of both medications. Treatment was administered to all patients until the stone was expelled or for a maximum duration of four weeks. The stone-free rate was determined by analyzing KUB films with or without ultrasonography.
RESULTS: The rate of stone expulsion was significantly higher in group C compared to groups A and B (P = 0.04 and P = 0.004, respectively). The mean (standard deviation) time for stone expulsion in groups A, B, and C was 14 ± 2.3 days, 11 ± 3.1 days, and 7 ± 2.2 days, respectively. Group C demonstrated a significantly shorter stone expulsion time compared to groups A and B (P = 0.001 and P = 0.04, respectively). The frequency of renal colic in group C was significantly lower than that in groups A and B, resulting in a reduced requirement for analgesics (P < 0.05). Anejaculation occurred at a significantly higher rate in the silodosin group (73.9%) and combination group (84%) compared to the mirabegron group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that both silodosin and mirabegron are effective treatments for the expulsion of lower ureteric stones. Furthermore, the combination of these medications leads to an increased rate of stone expulsion and a reduced duration of expulsion.
Oral lenalidomide is initiated on Day 1 of Cycle 1 and continues once daily days 1-21 of a 28 day cycle. Subjects may continue participation in the Treatment Phase of the study for 24 months unless disease progression or drug is discontinued for safety reasons.
All participants will report to the lab for a baseline session, where their weight, average food intake for three days (using the Automated Self-Administer 24-hour Dietary Recall \[ASA24\] system), neural indices of inhibitory control (as assessed by the N2 event-related potential component during a food and genetic go/no-go task), appetitive drive toward food (as measured by the Power of Food Scale) and basic demographic information will be assessed. Based off their gender and baseline levels of inhibitory control (indicated by the N2), participants will be assigned to a four week food-specific inhibitory control training or a generic inhibitory control training. Trainings are administered on a mobile device via an app and participants select four our of five business days to complete the trainings on. Immediately after the four weeks, participants will come in for a follow-up session where their weight, food intake, N2, and appetitive drive to food will be assessed again. Finally, participants will have a 12-week waiting period where they do not complete the trainings. After the 12 weeks, they will come in for a final lab visit where their weight, food intake, N2, and appetitive drive to food will be assessed one last time.
BACKGROUND: To investigate the cancer types and risk factors of secondary primary malignancy (SPM) in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) in Taiwan.
METHODS: Using National Health Insurance Research Dataset and catastrophic illness registry, we enrolled newly diagnosed UTUC patients from 2000 to 2013. Those without catastrophic illness registration were excluded from the study. The cancer types and hazard ratios (HRs) of subsequent SPMs were calculated according to the antecedent malignancy. We analyzed the risk factors for developing SPMs using multivariate Cox proportional hazard models.
RESULTS: A total of 9050 UTUC patients were registered and 2187 (24.2%) patients developed SPMs during the study period. As compared with primary UTUC, the relative risk ratios of SPM was 2.5 folds and 18% higher in those with antecedent non-UC malignancy and with bladder cancer history, respectively. Totally, 387 (37.8%) of 1022 UTUC patients with antecedent non-UC malignancy developed subsequent SPM after UTUC diagnosis. The antecedent and subsequent cancer types are similar and kidney cancer is most common, followed by hepatoma. Multivariate analysis showed that a history of antecedent non-UC malignancy is the most unfavorable factor for SPM development (HR, 2.50; 95% CI, 2.23-2.81), followed by liver disease, male gender, antecedent bladder cancer history, age ≥ 75 years, and chronic kidney disease.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study, conducted in Taiwan and involving 9050 UTUC patients, meticulously examined the types of SPM and the associated risk factors. Our research unearthed several pivotal discoveries: a preceding history of non-UC malignancies emerged as the single most influential factor contributing to the occurrence of subsequent cancers, followed by liver disease, male gender, antecedent bladder cancer history, age ≥75 years, and chronic kidney disease. Futhermore, kidney cancer emerged as the predominant subsequent malignancy, closely trailed by hepatoma..