anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In an attempt to clarify the most appropriate nomenclature for the very low-calorie ketogenic diets (VLCKD), we propose to change the nomenclature and acronym of this medical nutrition therapy. The new definition and acronym proposed by the "KetoNut" panel of experts of the Italian Society of Nutraceuticals (SINut) and the Italian Association of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition (ADI) is Very Low-Energy Ketogenic Therapy (VLEKT).
RECENT FINDINGS: In the last few years, different authors have focused on the issue of confusion in the nomenclature of ketogenic diets. In detail, have been differentiated the VLCKD that provides < 800 kcal per day, which is intended for the weight loss in the medical treatment of obesity, and a eucaloric ketogenic diet, which contains more calories from fat (predominantly unsaturated) and with specific ketogenic ratios, for allow growth in children while helping, at the same time, to establish epileptic seizure control. In recent years, ketogenic diets have attracted great interest for their efficacy in the treatment of epilepsy and other neurological diseases but also in patients with overweight and obesity-related metabolic disorders. Nevertheless, although ketogenic diets are a dietary intervention designed to induce nutritional ketosis, different diets with different macronutrients' composition have been called with this name. The confusion in the nomenclature of ketogenic diets may result in significant bias and mistakes in the interpretation of the current scientific evidence.
Participants will receive intranasal spray of 0.2 mL (total dose in both nostrils) FluMist quadrivalent vaccine on Days 1 and 28. Each 0.2 mL dose contained 10\^7±0.5 FFU of each vaccine strain. Strains included in the vaccine were the new A/H1N1 (A/Slovenia/2903/2015), A/H3N2 (A/New Caledonia/71/2014), B/Phuket/3073/2013 (B/Yamagata-lineage), and B/Brisbane/60/2008 (B/Victoria-lineage).
Therapeutic contact lens use was discontinued during the duration of the study. Patients underwent clinical examination with corneal fluorescein staining, Schirmer I tear test, assessment of corneal sensitivity with Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer and morphological examination of the nerves by In Vivo Confocal Microscopy (IVCM) at baseline and after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. Changes in the corneal epithelium and stroma were evaluated by slit lamp biomicroscopy and photo documentation of the cornea after fluorescein staining.
BACKGROUND: Research on the Chinese herbal formula Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi (FTZ) has demonstrated its effectiveness in treating hyperlipidemia and glycolipid metabolic disorders. Additionally, FTZ has shown inhibitory effects on oxidative stress, regulation of lipid metabolism, and reduction of inflammation in these conditions. However, the precise mechanisms through which FTZ modulates macrophage function in atherosclerosis remain incompletely understood. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether FTZ can effectively stabilize rupture-prone plaques by suppressing macrophage pyroptosis and impeding the development of M1 macrophage polarization in ApoE-/- mice.
METHODS: To assess the impact of FTZ on macrophage function and atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice, we orally administered FTZ at a dosage of 1.2 g/kg body weight daily for 14 weeks. Levels of interleukin-18 and interleukin-1β were quantified using ELISA kits to gauge FTZ's influence on inflammation. Total cholesterol content was measured with a Cholesterol Assay Kit to evaluate FTZ's effect on lipid metabolism. Aortic tissues were stained with Oil Red O, and immunohistochemistry techniques were applied to assess atherosclerotic lesions and plaque stability. To evaluate the effects of FTZ on macrophage pyroptosis and oxidative damage, immunofluorescence staining was utilized. Additionally, we conducted an analysis of protein and mRNA expression levels of NLRP3 inflammasome-related genes and macrophage polarization-related genes using RT-PCR and western blotting techniques.
RESULTS: This study illustrates the potential therapeutic effectiveness of FTZ in mitigating the severity of atherosclerosis and improving serum lipid profiles by inhibiting inflammation. The observed enhancements in atherosclerosis severity and inflammation can be attributed to the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activity and M1 polarization by FTZ.
CONCLUSION: The current findings indicate that FTZ provides protection against atherosclerosis, positioning it as a promising candidate for novel therapies targeting atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases.
Side effects of these products are those seen with aspirin and caffeine or those usually associated with mild anticholinergic agents. These may include tachycardia, palpitation, urinary hesitancy or retention, dry mouth, blurred vision, dilation of the pupil, increased intraocular tension, weakness, nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, constipation, drowsiness, and rarely, urticaria and other dermatoses. Infrequently, an elderly patient may experience some degree of confusion. Mild central excitation and occasional hallucinations may be observed. These mild side effects can usually be eliminated by reduction in dosage. One case of aplastic anemia associated with the use of the regular formula has been reported. No causal relationship has been established. Rare G.I. hemorrhage due to aspirin content may be associated with the administration of these products. Some patients may experience transient episodes of lightheadedness, dizziness or syncope. 

Orphenadrine Citrate, Aspirin and Caffeine Tablets may also cause exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrosis (TEN), and fixed drug eruption (FDE) (see Warnings). 

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Jerome Stevens Pharmaceuticals Inc. at 1-844-686-1019 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
The GONB solution is prepared with 1 ml triamcinolone (40mg), 2 ml bupivacaine (10 mg), and 1 ml 0,9% NaCl. The solution is administered using a 22G × 1¼" (0.7 × 40mm) injector with the patient lying prone on the table. Injection is applied to medial of the occipital artery localized at the medial one-third of the superior nuchal line between the occipital tubercle and mastoid process. The scalp is cleaned with iodine before the procedure, and the injections are performed bilaterally at a volume of 2 mL after negative aspiration for blood.
Valproic Acid is a carboxylic acid designated as 2-propylpentanoic acid. It is also known as dipropylacetic acid. Valproic acid has the following structure: 

Valproic acid (pKa 4.8) has a molecular weight of 144 and occurs as a colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. It is slightly soluble in water (1.3 mg/mL) and very soluble in organic solvents. 

Valproic Acid Capsules, USP are antiepileptics for oral administration. Each soft gelatin capsule contains 250 mg valproic acid. 

Inactive Ingredients: peanut oil, gelatin, glycerin, and titanium dioxide.
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of early PSA decline following initiation of second-generation hormone therapy (2nd HT), namely abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide, in patients with taxane-refractory metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and evaluate utility of this metric in informing intensified surveillance/imaging protocols.
METHODS: We retrospectively identified 75 mCRPC patients treated with 2nd HT following docetaxel failure (defined as PSA rise and radiographic progression). Patients were categorized patients into two cohorts based on the first PSA within 3 months after initiation of therapy: PSA reduction ≥50% (Group A) and PSA reduction <50% (Group B). The primary endpoint was cancer-specific mortality (CSM). The secondary endpoint was radiographic disease progression (rDP) on 2nd HT. In univariate and multivariate analyses, we investigated factors associated with rPD and CSM.
RESULTS: We included 75 patients (52 in Group A, 23 in Group B) in the analytic cohort. Baseline clinico-demographic characteristics, including median age, primary Gleason score risk group, median pre-treatment PSA, disease burden, site of metastases, and pre-treatment ECOG score were not statistically different between the two groups. Median follow up time was 30 months and the median time to radiographic disease progression was 28.1 and 12.5 months (p = 0.002) in cohorts A and B, respectively. On univariate and multivariate analyses, both PSA reduction ≥50% and volume of metastatic disease were significantly associated with a decreased risk of radiographic disease progression (HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.21-0.80, p = 0.0113) as well as a decreased risk of cancer-specific mortality (HR 0.29, 95% CI 0.09-0.87, p = 0.0325).
CONCLUSION: PSA reduction ≥50% within 3 months of starting 2nd HT was associated with significantly improved radiographic disease progression-free survival and 3-year cancer-specific mortality. This suggests using PSA 50%-decline metric in surveillance patients with on 2nd HT and identifies patients who require further evaluation with imaging.
A cardiovascular function evaluation system is suitable for placing in a human body and defining a reference plane of the human body. The cardiovascular function evaluation system includes a measurement unit and a processing unit. The measuring unit includes at least 16 chest electrodes arranged on the reference plane. With the chest electrodes, at least 16 electrocardiogram (ECG) signals can obtained. Based on the at least 16 chest electrodes and characteristic layout positions of the chest electrodes on the reference plane, the processing unit can completely provide ECG signals characteristics of the reference plane to estimate a location and a region of chronic and acute myocardial ischemia in the human body based on characteristic values calculated based on the ECG signals. Therefore, even being affected by chest wall impedances, noises and baseline deviations, the invention can still accurately and effectively evaluate the location of myocardial ischemia.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are heterogeneous malignancies arising from the multistep transformation of bone marrow immature cells. The inventors showed that RAS pathway mutations were detected in 40% of FLT3- and NPM1-unmutated AML cases and correlated with higher white blood cell count, blast cell percentage and reduced survival after intensive therapy. Building on genetic models of RAS activation, they highlighted the leukemogenic potential of RAS pathway alterations, and the efficacy and limitations of MEK inhibitors in this context. From high-content chemical screens, the inventors unraveled pyrvinium pamoate—an anthelminthic drug approved in human patients—as displaying a preferential cytotoxicity against RAS activated cells. This potential clinical candidate demonstrated a robust synergistic activity with the MEK inhibitor trametinib, including in primary samples from AML patients. Together the data suggest that RAS pathway altered cases may represent a specific AML subtype, in which the anti-leukemic molecule pyrvinium pamoate may represent a new promising therapeutic strategy.
After conventional UW perfusion is obtained, the marginal donor kidney is immediately perfused without ischemia at normal temperature. The perfusion time is at least 4 hours (so as to repair the marginal donor kidney). The perfusion solution is as above, and the perfusion solution is loaded into the device authorized in Europe (XVIVO - KidneyAssist ®）， Connect the transplanted renal artery with the device. Take 5ml perfusion solution in advance before perfusion, 5ml perfusion solution every 30min after perfusion, take perfusion solution at the end of perfusion (blood gas analysis for each perfusion solution, and finally perfusion solution for culture), and measure urine volume every hour. After perfusion, the transplanted kidney was disconnected from the perfusion device, and the donor kidney was perfused again with 2L HTK solution, followed by routine transplantation.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: in order to prevent cancerogenic action of methylnitrosourea in experimental animals, methylnitrosourea is introduced to experimental animals subcutaneously in combination with anticancerogen. Introduction of anticancerogen starts from the first day of experiment with forage simultaneously with methylnitrosourea. Methylnitrosourea is introduced in dose 2.5 mg per a rat in 0.2 ml of injection water five times with one week interval during 1.5 months into tissue of the same mammalian gland at the base of left front paw. As anticancerogen, curcumin is given with forage in dose 200 mg/kg of forage 4 times per week during 8 months. ^ EFFECT: method ensures prevention of cancerogenic action of methylnitrosourea in experimental animals, which includes application of polyphenol compound of curcumin in phase of cancerogenesis promotion, when process of healthy cell transformation into tumour cell takes place. ^ 3 tbl, 3 dwg
BACKGROUND: Fatigue is highly prevalent in people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Fatigue scales are important for studies testing fatigue interventions, but information about psychometric properties of many scales is insufficient in IBD. We compared the psychometric properties of multiple generic fatigue scales in participants with IBD.
METHODS: Individuals with IBD (N = 216) completed the Daily Fatigue Impact Scale (DFIS), the vitality subscale of the RAND-36, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) fatigue item twice. A subgroup (n = 84) also completed the Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS) once, from which we also scored the 21 items from the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS-IBD). We assessed floor/ceiling effects, construct validity, and internal consistency reliability. Using relative efficiency (RE), we compared discriminating ability and comparative responsiveness of the measures regarding disease activity and employment status and changes.
RESULTS: The FIS, MFIS, and RAND-36-vitality scales did not exhibit floor or ceiling effects. The DFIS showed mild floor effects (19.4%), and the PHQ-9 fatigue item showed floor (18.1%) and ceiling (20.8%) effects. Internal consistency reliability exceeded 0.93 for FIS, MFIS-IBD, and DFIS and was 0.81 for the RAND-36-vitality scale. In the subgroup analysis, the FIS, MFIS-IBD, and DFIS were strongly correlated with each other (r ≥ 0.90). The ability to discriminate between disease activity groups was highest for the FIS and MFIS-IBD, followed by the DFIS. The FIS, MFIS-IBD, and DFIS were responsive to changes in work impairment.
CONCLUSIONS: The FIS, MFIS-IBDs and DFIS had adequate validity and reliability for assessing fatigue in IBD.
PRELP is thought to be an inhibitor of the development and progression of a variety of malignancies. Metastasis is a major cause of death in patients with colorectal cancer, but the mechanism underlying the role of PRELP in colorectal cancer metastasis remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that PRELP was significantly higher in metastatic tissues than in non-metastatic tissues of colorectal cancer and was closely associated with poor prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. PRELP promotes growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells. PRELP reduces cell stiffness and adhesion. PRELP promoted EMT in colorectal cancer cells and that PRELP bind to integrin α5 to activate the integrin α5/FAK/AKT signaling pathway. In conclusion, we demonstrate that PRELP is upregulated in metastatic colorectal cancer, providing a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for the clinical management of metastatic colorectal cancer from a biomechanical perspective.
Patients receive lenalidomide PO QD on days 1-21 and ibrutinib PO QD on days 1-28. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 18 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also receive rituximab IV on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycle 1 and once weekly at weeks 13, 21, 29, and 37.
In universe of the research; Pregnant women who applied to Adana Seyhan State Hospital's Marsa Gynecology and Obstetrics Additional Service Building and Obstetrics Service and Delivery Room between the dates of the study, accepted to participate in the study voluntarily and who met the research conditions included. Numbers 1-2 of a 6-sided dice determined by the dice rolling system formed the control group (40 pregnant), numbers 3-4 were lavender oil inhalation group (44 pregnant), and numbers 5-6 were lavender oil massage group (37 pregnant).

The research was carried out in three stages for the experimental groups and control groups. First stage; Informed Voluntary Consent Form and Questionnaire were applied to the pregnant women whose groups were determined by the chosen randomization method. Afterwards, for the experimental groups according to the group; 10-minute training sessions were given on the inhalation method or massage method with aromatic lavender essential oil. In the second stage; Data were recorded by dividing the first phase of labor into 3 phases for each group. Visual Analog Pain Scale and McGill Melzack Pain Questionnaire were applied to the experimental groups 6 times, before and 30 minutes after the application. At this stage, no application was made in the control group, the Visual Analog Pain Scales and McGill Melzack Pain Questionnaire were applied at the beginning of each phase, the same forms were repeated after 30 minutes and the data were recorded 6 times in total. In the third stage; In the postpartum period, the study was completed by applying the Postpartum Period Information Collection Form by face-to-face interviews with the experimental groups and the pregnant women in the control group.
A 90-year-old patient with chronic kidney disease (stage G4) was diagnosed with pneumonia and congestive heart failure. Despite treatment with levofloxacin and furosemide, his condition deteriorated. A CT scan of the chest revealed pericardial effusion, leading to the suspicion of uremic pericarditis. Daily hemodialysis was started, resulting in significant clinical and biological improvement. Uremic pericarditis due to accumulation of uremic toxins resulting in pericardial effusion is common in end-stage renal disease. Diagnosis is guided by clinical and paraclinical findings and a high index of suspicion. Early recognition and treatment remain critical to prevent complications even in pre-end stage renal disease.
Sepsis remains a great challenge for clinicians. Early and timely fluid resuscitation is the basic measure for the treatment of sepsis. It is important to quickly diagnose the severity of sepsis and evaluate the effects of fluid resuscitation. Existing monitoring methods such as blood pressure, urine volume, blood lactate, central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2), cardiac output (CO), stroke volume variability (SVV), etc. have certain limitations or invasive disadvantages. Clinically, effective and convenient non-invasive means are needed for monitoring. Present research revealed that microcirculatory dysfunction and tissue hypoperfusion have a very important role in the pathophysiological mechanism of sepsis, and will be associated with severe organ dysfunction, which is closely related to serious adverse prognosis. Importantly, tissue hypoperfusion can cause central and peripheral body temperature changes. Studies have shown that clinical assessment of peripheral skin temperature can identify potential severe organ dysfunction in patients with stable hemodynamics. The latest study found that patients with septic shock have greater central-peripheral body temperature differences than sepsis patients, and the temperature difference between peripheral-room temperature is smaller. That is, the central-peripheral-room temperature gradient changes show a reduction of tissue perfusion, suggesting microcirculatory disorders and organ dysfunction. In addition, the body temperature gradient is simple and non-invasive, and is a bedside indicator that predicts tissue perfusion.
### Usual Initial Dosage

Paroxetine Tablets should be administered as a single daily dose with or without food, usually in the morning. The recommended dose of Paroxetine Tablets in the treatment of OCD is 40 mg daily. Patients should be started on 20 mg/day and the dose can be increased in 10 mg/day increments. Dose changes should occur at intervals of at least 1 week. Patients were dosed in a range of 20 to 60 mg/day in the clinical trials demonstrating the effectiveness of paroxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of OCD. The maximum dosage should not exceed 60 mg/day.

### Maintenance Therapy

Long-term maintenance of efficacy was demonstrated in a 6 month relapse prevention trial. In this trial, patients with OCD assigned to paroxetine demonstrated a lower relapse rate compared to patients on placebo (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Clinical Trials). OCD is a chronic condition, and it is reasonable to consider continuation for a responding patient. Dosage adjustments should be made to maintain the patient on the lowest effective dosage, and patients should be periodically reassessed to determine the need for continued treatment.
Participants will receive CH505TF at Month 0; CH505TF and CH505w53 at Month 2; CH505TF, CH505w53, and CH505w78 at Month 4; CH505w53 and CH505w78 at Month 8. GLA-SE adjuvant is admixed with all the CH505 gp120 proteins.
PURPOSE: Patients with local recurrence of esophageal cancer have a highly decreased overall survival. There is currently no standardized treatment algorithm for this group. This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the survival of patients with local recurrence, despite receiving individualized treatment options.
METHODS: 241 of 1791 patients were diagnosed with a local recurrence following Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy at the University Hospital of Cologne. 59 patients, who were diagnosed only with a local recurrence of adeno- or squamous cell carcinoma and received their individualized therapy regimes at our high-volume center, were included.
RESULTS: The study included 52 patients with adenocarcinoma and 7 with squamous cell carcinoma. Among these, 6 patients underwent resection, 19 received solely chemotherapy, 29 received chemoradiotherapy, and 5 were provided with best supportive care. Patients who underwent resection showed a better survival outcome compared to patients without resection (median OS: not reached vs. 15.1 months, p = 0.012). Best supportive care and palliative care were found to be independent risk factors for shorter overall survival compared to curative intended treatment options like local resection or chemoradiotherapy.
CONCLUSION: In this study, different treatment strategies for patients with local recurrence of esophageal cancer were depicted. Resection as well as chemoradiotherapy could play a role in selected patients. Further prospective studies are needed to improve the selection of eligible patients.