anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Disruption of the mucociliary clearance mechanism in patients with bronchiectasis leaves the lungs vulnerable. With the accumulation of secretions, a vicious cycle of bacterial infection and inflammation begins. Intense inflammation causes damage and bronchial wall weakness. Problems arise with effective coughing. This leads to decreased clearance of secretions, resulting in decreased expiratory flow. Symptoms of bronchiectasis; often productive cough, dyspnea, fatigue and wheezing. Altered pulmonary mechanics, inadequate gas exchange, decreased muscle mass, and accompanying psychological problems can cause dyspnea and decreased exercise capacity, thus reducing quality of life. Exercise capacity may also decrease in individuals with bronchiectasis due to increased dyspnea perception and limitation of expiratory flow. The need for safe and viable exercise interventions to reduce the burden of the disease is evident in individuals with bronchiectasis. Respiratory muscle training is applied by using skeletal muscle training principles in order to increase respiratory muscle strength and endurance, to correct the length-tension relationship of respiratory muscles and to increase respiratory capacity. Decreased expiratory muscle strength is associated with decreased quality of life and exercise tolerance. In addition, in a study, it was shown that in addition to expiratory muscle weakness, expiratory muscle endurance decreases in respiratory patients. This decrease is closely related to the severity of airway obstruction and the decrease in the strength of other muscle groups.

In order to meet the increased metabolic needs during exercise and to keep gas exchange at a sufficient level, patients with bronchiectasis; they must increase minute ventilation as appropriate. These patients with expiratory flow limitation at rest breathe at higher lung volumes to increase ventilation during exercise, and as a result, adverse conditions such as worsening of dynamic hyperinflation, increased intrinsic PEEP, increased workload on respiratory muscles and dyspnea are observed. As a result, these patients cannot achieve high levels of tidal volume and ventilation. In addition, significantly reduced maximal voluntary ventilation in patients with flow-limited bronchiectasis; It is also related to airway obstruction and mechanical deterioration. Decreased exercise capacity has also been shown to be associated with peak exercise desaturation. Those with abnormal lung mechanics (low FEV1, FVC, and tidal expiratory flow limitation) and high dyspnea score measured by MRC reflect a decrease in exercise capacity. In a study in bronchiectasis, maximal inspiratory and maximal expiratory respiratory muscle strengths evaluated with an intraoral pressure measurement device had similar demographic characteristics. significantly lower than in healthy individuals. However, in the respiratory muscle trainings, inspiratory muscle training was emphasized and expiratory muscle training was never given.
This is a non-randomized, non-comparative interventional surgical series. Patients will undergo Morcher iris diaphragm implantation in their affected eye(s). After surgery, patients will complete 5 postoperative examinations. At each examination, they will be evaluated for changes in light and glare sensitivity and visual acuity. They will also be monitored for adverse reactions.
OBJECTIVE: The hippocampus and amygdala, as important components of the limbic system, play crucial roles in central remodeling in congenital hearing loss. This study aimed to investigate the morphological integrity and network properties of the subfields of hippocampus and amygdala in children with congenital hearing loss.
METHODS: A total of 24 children with congenital hearing loss and 17 age- and sex- matched healthy controls (HC) are included in the study. T1-weighted images are analyzed by segmenting the brain into cortical and subcortical regions. Intergroup difference of volumes were explored. Structural covariance networks for the whole brain and hippocampus-amygdala subregions were constructed. Between-group differences of network property are investigated by comparing area under a range of network sparsity.
RESULTS: Patients with congenital hearing loss exhibited significantly larger volumes in the right dentate gyrus and CA3 of the hippocampus. However, there were no significant differences in total hippocampal or showed decreased global efficiency and increased characteristic path length, indicating reduced network integration. Lower betweenness centrality was observed in the left hippocampal fissure in the hearing loss group. The changes in volume and network topological properties are not affected by age and sex.
CONCLUSION: Children with congenital hearing loss display specific volumetric increases in hippocampal subregions, suggesting compensatory adaptations to auditory deprivation. The hippocampus-amygdala network shows significant reorganization, potentially underpinning cognitive and behavioral development issues associated with congenital hearing loss. These findings highlight the importance of targeted neural substrates in understanding and addressing the developmental challenges faced by children with congenital hearing loss.
This study will be conducted to examine the effect of social skills training on praxis and social functionality in individuals with schizophrenia. Test of Upper Limb Apraxia (TULIA) will be used for praxis assessment. Social Functioning Assessment Scale (SFAS) will be used for social functioning assessment. In this study, individuals with schizophrenia will be examined with the Model of Creativity Ability as an occupational therapy model and role playing activities will be determined according to the model. In secondary outcomes, the effect of social skills training on the symptoms of schizophrenia will be examined. therefore Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms - SAPS and Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms - SANS will be used in the study.
Participants will be asked to continue their usual day to day activities and take their current medications as directed. They will be sent a link by email or through MyChart to the standard video \& education session on managing hypertension. They will watch the video at home on their own time. Participants will use a home blood pressure monitor to track their blood pressure (those without a blood pressure cuff will be provided one) for the 3-month intervention period. Patients will be provided instructions of when they should seek medical attention (clinical symptoms or SBP \<100 or SBP \>160). They will be encouraged to track their blood pressure daily and any symptoms they may be feeling.
The design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a new family of highly effective conjugate compounds, including dendrimeric moieties and branched structures, are described. Pharmaceutical compositions including the subject dendrimeric conjugates and methods of using the same are also provided. Methods of using the subject dendrimeric conjugates include delivering a cargo moiety conjugated to the dendrimeric moieties and branched structures to a cell under suitable conditions. In certain embodiments, the cell is a bacterial cell population, and the subject compounds reduce the bacterial cell population. In certain embodiments of the methods, the subject compound is capable of eradicating one or more of Gram-positive bacteria, mycobacteria, and Gram-negative bacteria. In certain embodiments of the methods, the subject compound is capable of eradicating bacterial biofilms. Methods of using the subject dendrimeric conjugates include treating a subject for a disease or condition. In certain embodiments, the disease or conditions an infectious disease.
Thalidomide tablets, 50mg/day, increase or decrease dose according to itch score. The maximum dose is 100mg/day.
In post-marketing experience, severe and occasionally incapacitating bone, joint, and/or muscle pain has been reported in patients taking bisphosphonates that are approved for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis [see Adverse Reactions (6.2)]. This category of drugs includes alendronate. Most of the patients were postmenopausal women. The time to onset of symptoms varied from one day to several months after starting the drug. Discontinue use if severe symptoms develop. Most patients had relief of symptoms after stopping. A subset had recurrence of symptoms when rechallenged with the same drug or another bisphosphonate.

In placebo-controlled clinical studies of FOSAMAX, the percentages of patients with these symptoms were similar in the FOSAMAX and placebo groups.
BACKGROUND: Therapies are needed to address worsening congestion, without hospitalization, in patients with chronic heart failure (HF).
OBJECTIVES: This pilot study assessed outcomes of a novel subcutaneous (SC) furosemide formulation compared to usual care in outpatients with worsening congestion.
METHODS: Participants with chronic HF and worsening congestion were randomized open-label 2:1 to SC furosemide compared to usual care (UC). Decongestion was estimated by tracking body weight. The primary endpoint was a win ratio of a 30-day hierarchical composite of cardiovascular death, HF events, and change in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. Secondary endpoints included dyspnea severity, functional capacity, and quality of life.
RESULTS: Thirty-four participants were randomized to SC furosemide and 17 to UC. SC furosemide caused greater reduction in body weight: between-group difference in least square mean change was -2.02 kg at day 3 (95% CI: -3.9 to -0.14; P = 0.035). SC furosemide-to-UC win ratio was 1.11 (95% CI: 0.48-2.50; P = 0.806). Significant between-group least square mean differences favoring SC furosemide occurred in 7-point dyspnea score (P = 0.017) and 6-minute walk test (P = 0.032), with trend in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ)-12 Overall Summary Score of 9.15 (95% CI: 1.95-20.3; P = 0.106). The most common related adverse event with SC furosemide was mild infusion site pain (11.8%).
CONCLUSIONS: SC furosemide augmented weight loss in patients with HF and worsening congestion. The composite primary endpoint was not statistically significant in this pilot investigation. However, findings of improved dyspnea scores and functional capacity, with favorable trend in KCCQ-12 score, warrant additional investigation to further document the clinical value of SC furosemide as an alternative to hospitalization (AT HOME-HF [Avoiding Treatment in the Hospital With Furoscix for the Management of Congestion in Heart Failure-A Pilot Study]; NCT04593823).
Older patients with multiple myeloma (MM) exhibit wide heterogeneity in their baseline physiologic and functional status, which demands an individualized treatment approach based on biological rather than chronological age. Various frailty scores have been developed for older patients with MM, but they are underutilized in clinical trials and in practice. Older patients with MM are underrepresented in therapeutic clinical trials, and treatment recommendations are currently derived from clinical trials of transplant-ineligible patients. This article provides a summary of phase II and III clinical trials in transplant-ineligible patients with newly diagnosed MM, highlighting outcomes in patients aged ≥75 years and frailty-based outcomes. The data available thus far show that triplet regimens are more efficacious than doublets in older patients but may be associated with higher toxicity. DRd (daratumumab/lenalidomide/dexamethasone) and VRd (bortezomib/lenalidomide/dexamethasone) are good options in patients who are nonfrail, whereas dose-adjusted DRd and VRd-lite should be offered to frail patients. Frailty should be assessed regularly to guide treatment intensification and/or deescalation. It is important that frailty measures are incorporated in clinical trials evaluating novel treatments to inform how older and frail patients will benefit from these treatments.
FIELD: antlers-type reindeer breeding. SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with processing reindeer production, in particular, with the method for obtaining biologically active extract out of conserved tails of antlers-type reindeers. The method includes reducing raw material, its extraction with ethanol and acidification of an extract with acetic acid, moreover, as raw material one should apply conserved tails, and reduction should be carried out up to particles of 150-400 mc, extraction is performed at room temperature with ethanol, at first, for 72 h at ratio of alcohol : raw material to be 6 : 1, then with 60%-alcohol for 48 h at ratio of alcohol : raw material to be 4 : 1, and then with 50%-alcohol for 24 h at the ratio of alcohol : raw material to be 2 : 1 followed by combining extracts, acidification with acetic acid up to pH being 4.7, freezing at -15-20 C and filtering target product. The method provides rational application of by-product of antlers-type reindeer breeding and intensifies the process. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 5 tbl
ninety diabetic patients will be selected. Patients who are receiving vitamin D, calcium or omega-3 supplements within the last three months will be excluded. Patients will be assigned randomly to one of the three intervention groups. 1. Plain yogurt drink 2. Vitamin D-fortified yogurt drink 3. Vitamin D-calcium fortified yogurt drink. Each patient will consume 2 servings of yogurt drink every day for 3 months with lunch and dinner. At the first and last visits, dietary and laboratory assessments will be performed for all patients. Primary outcomes are improvement in glycemic, inflammatory and immunity markers and secondary outcome is prevention of long-term diabetic complications.
The invention relates to a benzyloxycarbonyl leucine derivative and a preparation method thereof. The compound is benzyloxycarbonyl leucine-2-aminobutanamideoxo-3,5-dimethoxybenzene dimethylformamide. According to the invention, (R)-2-aminobutyric acid is adopted as an initial raw material, and the derivative is synthesized through 6 steps of reactions. The derivative is a novel calpain inhibitor, and has a good application prospect in treating neurological diseases. The preparation method has the advantages of cheap and easy-to-obtain raw materials and simple synthesis method. The method is a completely novel method for synthesizing the benzyloxycarbonyl leucine derivative. The method meets the need of large-scale industrialized productions.
PURPOSE:To provide the title stabilizer having adherability, also easy to release from denture base after use. CONSTITUTION:The objective denture stabilizer with the above-mentioned characteristics, containing, as the main ingredient or auxiliary (e.g. an ingredient capable of improving the releasability through addition to polyvinyl acetate), e.g. 0.5-95wt.%, based on the whole stabilizer, of a polyvinyl acetal diethylamino acetate of the formula [R is H or CONH2(C2H5)2; n is such a number as to be 5000-75000 in average molecular weight], in particular, with a nitrogen content of 1.5-2.5wt.%, e.g. commercially available as a trade name of AEA from Sankyo Co., Ltd. The above acetate can be softened with a plasticizer safe to the human body, e.g. ethanol, sucrose fatty acid ester thereby being imparted with flexibility, facilitating takeout from the container or application on denture.
There is great variability in the ways in which the speech intelligibility of d/Deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children who use spoken language as part, or all, of their communication system is measured. This systematic review examined the measures and methods that have been used when examining the speech intelligibility of children who are DHH and the characteristics of these measures and methods. A systematic database search was conducted of CENTRAL; CINAHL; Cochrane; ERIC; Joanna Briggs; Linguistics, Language and Behavior Abstracts; Medline; Scopus; and Web of Science databases, as well as supplemental searches. A total of 204 included studies reported the use of many different measures/methods which measured segmental aspects of speech, with the most common being Allen et al.'s (2001, The reliability of a rating scale for measuring speech intelligibility following pediatric cochlear implantation. Otology and Neurotology, 22(5), 631-633. https://doi.org/10.1097/00129492-200109000-00012) Speech Intelligibility Rating scale. Many studies included insufficient details to determine the measure that was used. Future research should utilize methods/measures with known psychometric validity, provide clear descriptions of the methods/measures used, and consider using more than one measure to account for limitations inherent in different methods of measuring the speech intelligibility of children who are DHH, and consider and discuss the rationale for the measure/method chosen.
During 2010, we've conducted two cross-sectional, telephonic national surveys that assessed the prevalence (Portuguese Asthma Prevalence Survey - PAPS) and the control (Portuguese Asthma Control Survey - PACS) of asthma and rhinitis. Before these surveys there was no country-wide data on prevalence or about the control of asthma in Portugal.We propose an additional study that will apply a comprehensive set of diagnostic tests and clinical assessment to a sub-sample of participants in the PACS study. The effect of asthma, rhinitis and their control on personal and social burden will be studied comparing patients with current asthma and/or rhinitis and individuals with no respiratory symptoms.Sample size calculations were based on the comparison of quality of life measured by WHOQOL-BREF in patients with different diagnosis. Data collection includes anthropometric measurements, lung function \& inflammation tests, allergy tests, a structured clinical interview and standardized questionnaires. Research assistants performing the evaluations will be blinded to the subject classification in PAPS and PACS and to the results of the questionnaires administered, namely the GA2LEN survey instrument and CARAT. The data collection will be organized with the local Public Health delegate and will take place as close as possible to the participants' communities at a local health unit or in the surrounding area, in order to minimize dropouts.
Excessive salt intake is a widespread health issue observed in almost every country around the world. A high salt diet (HSD) has a strong correlation with numerous diseases, including hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and autoimmune disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying HSD-promotion of inflammation and exacerbation of these diseases are not fully understood. In this study, we observed that HSD consumption reduced the abundance of the gut microbial metabolite L-fucose, leading to a more substantial inflammatory response in mice. A HSD led to increased peritonitis incidence in mice, as evidenced by the increased accumulation of inflammatory cells and elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1, also known as C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 or CCL2), in peritoneal lavage fluid. Following the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics, HSD-induced inflammation was abolished, indicating that the proinflammatory effects of HSD were not due to the direct effect of sodium, but rather to HSD-induced alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota. By using untargeted metabolomics techniques, we determined that the levels of the gut microbial metabolite L-fucose were reduced by a HSD. Moreover, the administration of L-fucose or fucoidan, a compound derived from brown that is rich in L-fucose, normalized the level of inflammation in mice following HSD induction. In addition, both L-fucose and fucoidan inhibited LPS-induced macrophage activation in vitro. In summary, our research showed that reduced L-fucose levels in the gut contributed to HSD-exacerbated acute inflammation in mice; these results indicate that L-fucose and fucoidan could interfere with HSD-promotion of the inflammatory response.
Cesamet capsules are indicated for the treatment of the nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy in patients who have failed to respond adequately to conventional antiemetic treatments. This restriction is required because a substantial proportion of any group of patients treated with Cesamet can be expected to experience disturbing psychotomimetic reactions not observed with other antiemetic agents.

Because of its potential to alter the mental state, Cesamet is intended for use under circumstances that permit close supervision of the patient by a responsible individual particularly during initial use of Cesamet and during dose adjustments.

Cesamet contains nabilone, which is controlled in Schedule II of the Controlled Substances Act. Schedule II substances have a high potential for abuse. Prescriptions for Cesamet should be limited to the amount necessary for a single cycle of chemotherapy (i.e., a few days).

Cesamet capsules are not intended to be used on as needed basis or as a first antiemetic product prescribed for a patient.

As with all controlled drugs, prescribers should monitor patients receiving nabilone for signs of excessive use, abuse and misuse. Patients who may be at increased risk for substance abuse include those with a personal or family history of substance abuse (including drug or alcohol abuse) or mental illness.
The usefulness of social and political population labels, including those based on race, ethnicity, geographic location, ancestry, and nationality, in science and medicine is a topic of heated debate. The discussion is significant not only for defining rigorous scientific study designs, but for influencing how scientists and the broader society conceptualize, discuss, and react to human difference. Misuse of population descriptors in genetic and genomic research has the potential to perpetuate misinformation, stigmatize certain groups and simplify the complex relationships between individual identity, genetics, and health. With such potential harms in mind, National Institutes of Health guidelines to use the Office of Management and Budget categories of race and ethnicity to monitor inclusion in clinical trials and evaluate potential differences in the safety and efficacy of interventions have been questioned. As increasing attention is given to the implications of human genetic variation on disease and health, actively engaging with scientists may help to identify a lexicon for discussing human genetic variation that is scientifically sound and socially and politically meaningful. We aim to conduct a pilot qualitative study of genetic researchers, exploring their use of population descriptors in human genetic research, including an experiment in which they have the opportunity to describe and group their study populations in a new way. We use qualitative methods to capture researchers' opinions and practices as they think critically about the use of population labels in their studies. Understanding individual scientists opinions about the strengths and weaknesses of different classifications in various contexts will provide important data to help define and facilitate appropriate use of population descriptors in human genetic research.