anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for maintaining and reinforcing a proper intervertebral disc space when an intervertebral prosthesis is introduced into a cavity in the intervertebral disc space.  <P>SOLUTION: A device and method are provided for maintaining a proper intervertebral disc height during the replacement or augmentation of the spinal disc. In one embodiment, a cannulated distractor 10 is used to distract the adjacent vertebrae and maintain a proper disc space height. The cannulated distractor 10 is fluidly connected to a source of fluent material for injection into the disc space. The distraction member includes a distraction tip 18 resident within the intervertebral disc space that includes a central lumen and a number of openings 30, 32 communicating with the lumen to dispense the fluent material within the disc space.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Combined Recovery Program (CRP) a six-session motivational enhancement and daily living skills therapy workshop provided while on the inpatient unit, plus a home telehealth program (Stable \& Able) which begins on day 1 of hospital discharge. Attendance of CRP and S\&A will be in addition to TAU, that is, standard inpatient programming.
AquaCal is produced by Marigot Ltd. The daily dose of 4 capsules of AquaCal provide 800mg calcium, (the EU RDA for calcium) and 74 mgs Magnesium (EU RDA 375mg).
PURPOSE: An amphiphilic molecule is provided to be mass-manufactured by artificially synthesizing a biomimetic molecule, and to manufacture nanotubes through self-assembling without separate treatment in aqueous or oily atmosphere. CONSTITUTION: An amphiphilic molecule is in chemical formula 1. In chemical formula 1, R1 is a same or different C6-12 aryl group or C5-12 heteroaryl group, m in an integer from 2-12, and n is an integer from 0-12. A manufacturing method of a self-assembly comprises a step of mixing a compound in chemical formula with water, aqueous solution or organic solvent. The shape of the self-assembly is nanotube, the average length of the nanotube is 0.5-2 cm. The surface of the self assembly is hydrophilic or lipophilic.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a root canal disinfectant that sufficiently disinfects a root canal to the interior, improves disinfection capacity by making it possible to carry out disinfection for many hours and alleviates a physical burden to a patient.  <P>SOLUTION: The root canal disinfectant 6 for dental use is mixed with a photocatalyst (e.g. titanium dioxide 7) and a luminous material 8 in which the luminous material 8 is used for activating the photocatalyst (titanium dioxide 7). Namely, the photocatalyst (e.g. titanium dioxide 7) injected into a root canal is activated based on a light from the luminous material 8.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
NEW MATERIAL:A compound expressed by formula I (-COOR represents carboxylate ion, carboxylic acid, etc.; X<-> represents anion constituting acid; provided that X is not necessarily required when -COOR is carboxylate ion) and salt thereof. EXAMPLE:7beta-Amino-3-[4-(oxazol-5-yl)-1-pyridinio]methyl-3-cephem-4-c arboxylate hydrochloride. USE:A synthetic intermediate for cephalosporin based antibiotic, isolable as crystals and capable of increasing the purity of the final medicament. PREPARATION:A starting compound expressed by formula II (R2 represents alkyl capable of being substituted by phenylmethyl, etc.; R3 represents H, Na, etc.; Y represents halogen atom; Z is Y) is quaternized by an excess 5-(4- pyridyl)oxazole in an organic solvent such as acetone. Then the obtained com pound expressed by formula III is treated with PCl5, etc., in the presence of a base and thus obtained solution of an imino chloride is mixed with a solvent solution of an alcohol to deacylate a compound expressed by formula III to obtain a compound expressed by formula I.
The active Stimulation of taVNS lasted 30 mins. The stimulation protocol is preset to a biphasic impulse frequency of 25 Hz with a stimulation duration of 30 s, followed by a 30 s off phase. Behavior and ERPs datasets should be acquired before the first taVNS session and after the last taVNS session.The electrical current is transmitted by a titanium electrode placed at the cymba conchae.
This is an observational study and as a diagnostic intervention, subjects in the study would receive valsalva maneuver. Valsalva maneuver was performed after sternotomy with the constant airway pressure of 30cmH2O for 2 breaths duration. The investigators perform this procedure to every patients and do not assign this intervention to the subjects of the study.
A combination of two drugs, from different and unrelated categories, provides effective and long-lasting relief from neuropathic pain and other chronic or intractable pain. Both drugs can be taken in a painless non-invasive manner, such as by means of pills or skin patches. One drug is an α2 adrenergic agonist, exemplified by clonidine. These agents reduce blood pressure and have sedative-hypnotic effects; those are unwanted side effects in a chronic daily treatment for pain. The other drug is an NMDA antagonist which can be described as mild, minimally toxic, and/or inherently safe (or safened). Three such classes of drugs have been shown to work exceptionally well, with clonidine, in reducing neuropathic pain for prolonged periods: (1) aryl-cyclo-alkanolamine drugs such as procyclidine and biperiden; (2) tricyclo-alkylamine drugs such as ethopropazine; and (3) adamantane derivatives such as memantine. None of these drugs, by itself, can provide effective relief for neuropathic pain; at doses required to provide short-term relief, they cause adverse side effects, and any pain relief they provide is relatively brief. However, when combined with an α2 adrenergic agonist, the two drugs potentiate one another's pain-relieving action, and provide potent and sustained relief, even when each drug is administered at a low dosage that is below its threshold for causing adverse side effects.
Dosage should be individualized. The initial dose should be low and then increased gradually, especially in patients over 60 years of age. Whether trihexyphenidyl HCl may best be given before or after meals should be determined by the way the patient reacts. Postencephalitic patients, who are usually more prone to excessive salivation, may prefer to take it after meals and may, in addition, require small amounts of atropine which, under such circumstances, is sometimes an effective adjuvant. If trihexyphenidyl HCl tends to dry the mouth excessively, it may be better to take it before meals, unless it causes nausea. If taken after meals, the thirst sometimes induced can be allayed by mint candies, chewing gum or water.

Abrupt withdrawal of treatment for parkinsonism may result in acute exacerbation of parkinsonism symptoms; therefore, abrupt withdrawal should be avoided. Abrupt withdrawal of treatment may result in neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) (see WARNINGS).
Patients will receive 1mg of midazolam and a bolus of 0.25 - 0.5mg/kg of ketamine to initiate sedation. Additional 10-20mg of ketamine will be given every 3-5 minutes to achieve adequate sedation. If additional anxiolysis is needed, additional doses of midazolam will be given every 3-5 minutes in 1mg increments. .
Participants receive standard hypofractionated regimen of 3 Gy x 10 fractions, 1 radiation treatment a day for 5 days in a row. Questionnaire completion at months 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 and then every 3 months after that for at least 3 years. Questionnaires ask about pain, pain relief, and quality of life.
In the guideline prepared jointly by the Turkish Neonatology Association and the Turkish Society of Ophthalmology in 2021, it is recommended that the baby should be held by a nurse in such a way that the baby's head and arms are fixed, and the baby's hands and feet should be gently flexed or loosely swaddled during the retinopathy examination. Within the routine practice of the clinic, the babies in the control group are held.
Stratified medicine holds great promise to tailor treatment to the needs of individual patients. While genetics holds great potential to aid patient stratification, it remains a major challenge to operationalize complex genetic risk factor profiles to deconstruct clinical heterogeneity. Contemporary approaches to this problem rely on polygenic risk scores (PRS), which provide only limited clinical utility and lack a clear biological foundation. To overcome these limitations, we develop the CASTom-iGEx approach to stratify individuals based on the aggregated impact of their genetic risk factor profiles on tissue specific gene expression levels. The paradigmatic application of this approach to coronary artery disease or schizophrenia patient cohorts identified diverse strata or biotypes. These biotypes are characterized by distinct endophenotype profiles as well as clinical parameters and are fundamentally distinct from PRS based groupings. In stark contrast to the latter, the CASTom-iGEx strategy discovers biologically meaningful and clinically actionable patient subgroups, where complex genetic liabilities are not randomly distributed across individuals but rather converge onto distinct disease relevant biological processes. These results support the notion of different patient biotypes characterized by partially distinct pathomechanisms. Thus, the universally applicable approach presented here has the potential to constitute an important component of future personalized medicine paradigms.
BACKGROUND: Adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth, remain a major global health challenge, particularly in developing regions. Understanding the possible risk factors is crucial for designing effective interventions for birth outcomes. Accordingly, this study aimed to develop a predictive model for adverse birth outcomes among childbearing women in Sub-Saharan Africa using advanced machine learning techniques. Additionally, this study aimed to employ a novel data science interpretability techniques to identify the key risk factors and quantify the impact of each feature on the model prediction.
METHODS: The study population involved women of childbearing age from 26 Sub-Saharan African countries who had given birth within five years before the data collection, totaling 139,659 participants. Our data source was a recent Demographic Health Survey (DHS). We utilized various data balancing techniques. Ten advanced machine learning algorithms were employed, with the dataset split into 80% training and 20% testing sets. Model evaluation was conducted using various performance metrics, along with hyperparameter optimization. Association rule mining and SHAP analysis were employed to enhance model interpretability.
RESULTS: Based on our findings, about 28.59% (95% CI: 28.36, 28.83) of childbearing women in Sub-Saharan Africa experienced adverse birth outcomes. After repeated experimentation and evaluation, the random forest model emerged as the top-performing machine learning algorithm, with an AUC of 0.95 and an accuracy of 88.0%. The key risk factors identified were home deliveries, lack of prenatal iron supplementation, fewer than four antenatal care (ANC) visits, short and long delivery intervals, unwanted pregnancy, primiparous mothers, and geographic location in the West African region.
CONCLUSION: The region continues to face persistent adverse birth outcomes, emphasizing the urgent need for increased attention and action. Encouragingly, advanced machine learning methods, particularly the random forest algorithm, have uncovered crucial insights that can guide targeted actions. Specifically, the analysis identifies risky groups, including first-time mothers, women with short or long birth intervals, and those with unwanted pregnancies. To address the needs of these high-risk women, the researchers recommend immediately providing iron supplements, scheduling comprehensive prenatal care, and strongly encouraging facility-based deliveries or skilled birth attendance.
Sepsis as a severe systemic inflammation leads oftentimes to organ dysfunction and subsequently to death. In polytrauma patients, septic complications represent with 45% the predominant cause of late death and are responsible for extremely high costs in the healthcare system. Therefore, clinicians have to detect as early as possible the begin of sepsis to improve the patient's outcome. One new promising diagnostic tool to diagnose septic complications in polytraumatized patients are exosomes. Plasma samples from polytraumatized patients (Injury Severity Score (ISS) ≥16) which developed sepsis (n = 10) and without sepsis (n = 10), were collected at emergency room (ER), 24h and 5 days after trauma. The EVs subpopulations were investigated by a bead-based multiplex flow cytometry measurement of surface epitopes and were compared with plasma EVs from healthy controls (n = 10). Moreover, exosomal cytokine concentrations were measured via high-sensitive ELISA and were correlated with systemic concentrations. For miRNA cargo analysis, we analysed the miRNAs miR-1298-5p, miR-1262, miR-125b-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-93-5p, miR-155-5p and miR-21-5p and compared their exosomal concentrations by means of RT-qPCR. CD62p + exosomes were significantly increased in septic polytrauma-patients (p ≤ 0.05), while CD40+exosomes, as well as CD49e + exosomes were diminished (p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, we observed that the exosomal IL-6 concentration reflects the systemic IL-6 concentration (r2 = 0.63) and did not significantly alter between patients with and without sepsis. The exosomal IL-10 concentration seemed to be constant in all patients and healthy controls. We observed that a decrease of miR-21-5p in exosomes was associated with the development of sepsis (p ≤ 0.05), while exosomal miR-93-5p, miR-155-5p and miR-92a-3p were not specifically altered in septic patients. Taken together, the present study in polytraumatized patients demonstrated that the development of sepsis is associated with an increase of CD62p + exosomes. Furthermore, the exosomal cargo was changed in septic patients: miR-21-5p was diminished.
Autism is clearly a significant cause of disability in the pediatric population. Many children with Autism exhibit impaired protein digestion which may or may not manifest in self-restricted diets. The inability to digest protein affects the availability of essential amino acids in the body. CM-AT is designed to enhance protein digestion thereby potentially restoring the pool of essential amino acids. Essential amino acids play a critical role in the expression of several genes important to neurological function and serve as precursors to key neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine. CM-AT is a proprietary enzyme that is designed as a granulated powder taken three times daily.
BACKGROUND: Among the 10% of pancreatic cancers that occur in a familial context, around a third carry a pathogenic variant in a cancer predisposition gene. Genetic studies of pancreatic cancer predisposition are limited by high mortality rates amongst index patients and other affected family members. The genetic risk for pancreatic cancer is often shared with breast cancer susceptibility genes, most notably BRCA2, PALB2, ATM and BRCA1. Therefore, we hypothesized that additional shared genetic etiologies might be uncovered by studying families presenting with both breast and pancreatic cancer.
METHODS: Focusing on a multigene panel of 276 DNA Damage Repair (DDR) genes, we performed next-generation sequencing in a cohort of 41 families with at least three breast cancer cases and one pancreatic cancer. When the index patient with pancreatic cancer was deceased, close relatives (first or second-degree) affected with breast cancer were tested (39 families).
RESULTS: We identified 27 variants of uncertain significance in DDR genes. A splice site variant (c.1605 + 2T > A) in the RAD17 gene stood out, as a likely loss of function variant. RAD17 is a checkpoint protein that recruits the MRN (MRE11-RAD50-NBS1) complex to initiate DNA signaling, leading to DNA double-strand break repair.
CONCLUSION: Within families with breast and pancreatic cancer, we identified RAD17 as a novel candidate predisposition gene. Further genetic studies are warranted to better understand the potential pathogenic effect of RAD17 variants and in other DDR genes.
Almost since the inception of the modern-day electroacoustic audiometer a century ago the results of pure-tone audiometry have been characterized by an audiogram. For almost as many years, clinicians and researchers have sought ways to distill the volume and complexity of information on the audiogram. Commonly used approaches have made use of pure-tone averages (PTAs) for various frequency ranges with the PTA for 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz (PTA4) being the most widely used for the categorization of hearing loss severity. Here, a three-digit triad is proposed as a single-number summary of not only the severity, but also the configuration and bilateral symmetry of the hearing loss. Each digit in the triad ranges from 0 to 9, increasing as the level of the pure-tone hearing threshold level (HTL) increases from a range of optimal hearing (< 10 dB Hearing Level; HL) to complete hearing loss (≥ 90 dB HL). Each digit also represents a different frequency region of the audiogram proceeding from left to right as: (Low, L) PTA for 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz; (Center, C) PTA for 3000, 4000 and 6000 Hz; and (High, H) HTL at 8000 Hz. This LCH Triad audiogram-classification system is evaluated using a large United States (U.S.) national dataset (N = 8,795) from adults 20 to 80 + years of age and two large clinical datasets totaling 8,254 adults covering a similar age range. Its ability to capture variations in hearing function was found to be superior to that of the widely used PTA4.
Measurement of soluble CD8 T cell surface antigens, or related soluble molecules or fragments thereof, and the use of such measurements in the diagnosis and therapy of diseases and disorders. The measurement of such molecules can be valuable in monitoring the effect of a therapeutic treatment on a subject. These measurements can also aid in predicting therapeutic outcome and in evaluating and monitoring the immune status of patients. CD8 levels, can be used to differentially diagnose renal allograft rejection, as distinguished from Cyclosporing A nephrotoxicity. CD8 levels can be measured to differentially diagnose rheumatoid arthritis, as distinct from other joint diseases. In particular embodiments, measurements of the soluble CD8 T cell surface molecules can be accomplished by sandwich enzyme immunoassays.
In the present invention, there is disclosed a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of an aryl-heterocyclic compound, such as ziprasidone, in a cyclodextrin. Preferred cyclodextrins are SBECD and HPBCD. The pharmaceutical composition can comprise a dry mixture, a dry inclusion complex or an aqueous solution. The salt/cyclodextrin inclusion complex preferably provides an amount of ziprasidone of at least 2.5 mgA/ml when the complex is dissolved in water at 40 percent by weight/volume. A variety of ziprasidone salts is preferred, including the mesylate, esylate, besylate, tartrate, napsylate, and tosylate. There is also disclosed a salt being selected from the group consisting of ziprasidone esylate, ziprasidone mesylate and ziprasidone tartrate.
PURPOSE: To determine if recognition of presbylarynx is easy and straightforward.
METHOD: First, a systematic review regarding the structural features of the geriatric larynx through laryngostroboscopy was performed, and its results were presented to the raters in an educational session. Then, video recordings of rigid laryngostroboscopies were randomly selected and presented to a panel of otorhinolaryngologists. Intra- and inter-rater reliability were determined.
RESULTS: Based on the main findings of the systematic review, raters were invited to consider the diagnosis of presbylarynx when one or more of the following endoscopic signs were present: atrophic vocal folds (VF), VF bowing, prominence of vocal processes, or spindle-shaped glottal gap. Twenty otorhinolaryngologists from five tertiary hospitals participated in this study (residents and specialists). Among 300 evaluations performed (15 video recordings x 20 raters), the intra-rater agreement was 93.0%. The Cohen´s Kappa for intra-rater reliability was higher than 0.600 for all the raters except for two residents. Cohen´s Kappa was higher among specialists (0.893) than among residents (0.826). The highest Cohen´s Kappa was registered for evaluations performed by specialists with differentiation in laryngology (0.933). Presbylarynx was identified mostly in laryngostroboscopic recordings of subjects older than 65 years.
CONCLUSION: we consider the answer to "Presbylarynx: How easy is it to recognize the aging signs" to be "After education on signs of presbylarynx, it is easy." This answer is supported by the high rate of intra- and inter-rater agreement, in a blinded and randomized presentation of laryngostroboscopic recordings, and by the fact that the diagnosis of presbylarynx was mostly attributed to videos regarding subjects aged 65 years and older. It proves that is not difficult to recognize aging signs in the larynx. Thus, in the future, more education regarding presbylarynx and further studies to improve criteria for its diagnosis may improve the management of the aging voice.
The current study was conducted at Ali-Ul-Murtaza Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Muhammad Institute of Medical and Allied Sciences, Multan, Pakistan, from October to December 2022 to explore the correlation of body mass index with cardiometabolic and cardiorespiratory parameters in 393 male and female healthcare professionals, including physiotherapists, pharmacists and medical laboratory technicians, aged 22- 40 years. The evaluation was on the basis of the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire, body mass index, lipid profile, body fat and correlation of blood pressure, temperature, oxygen saturation, respiration rate and heart rate with cardiorespiratory fitness assessed through shuttle-run test, step test and treadmill test. Data was analysed using SPSS 25. Of the 393 subjects, 140(35.62) were underweight, 140(35.62) were overweight and 113(28.75) were obese. Of the total, 153(38.93) were pleased with their general health, while 240(61.06) had a history of cardiovascular and metabolic conditions. There was a highly significant correlation between lipid profiles and the subjects' quality of life (p<0.05).