anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: The current management of patients with stroke with intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy is effective only when it is timely performed on an appropriately selected but minor fraction of patients. The development of novel adjunctive therapy is highly desired to reduce morbidity and mortality with stroke. Since endothelial dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of stroke and is featured with suppressed endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) with concomitant nitric oxide deficiency, restoring endothelial nitric oxide represents a promising approach to treating stroke injury.
METHODS: This is a preclinical proof-of-concept study to determine the therapeutic effect of transcranial treatment with a low-power near-infrared laser in a mouse model of ischemic stroke. The laser treatment was performed before the middle cerebral artery occlusion with a filament. To determine the involvement of eNOS phosphorylation, unphosphorylatable eNOS S1176A knock-in mice were used. Each measurement was analyzed by a 2-way ANOVA to assess the effect of the treatment on cerebral blood flow with laser Doppler flowmetry, eNOS phosphorylation by immunoblot analysis, and stroke outcomes by infarct volumes and neurological deficits.
RESULTS: Pretreatment with a 1064-nm laser at an irradiance of 50 mW/cm2 improved cerebral blood flow, eNOS phosphorylation, and stroke outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Near-infrared II photobiomodulation could offer a noninvasive and low-risk adjunctive therapy for stroke injury. This new modality using a physical parameter merits further consideration to develop innovative therapies to prevent and treat a wide array of cardiovascular diseases.
Usual stroke service care plus additional lifestyle counselling focusing on smoking cessation, physical activity, and adherence to preventive medication. Regular follow-up sessions (3-4 weeks intervals). Physical activity is monitors by an activity tracker.
Within this study, approximately 50 study participants will receive a single infusion of D2C7-IT in the hospital, which is delivered to the tumor margins over 3 days through a catheter placed in the brain, followed by a single infusion of 2141-V11 delivered over 7 hours to the tumor margins through the same catheter. About 2 weeks after intratumoral infusion of D2C7-IT and 2141-V11, participants will have their first subcutaneous (under the skin) injection of 2141-V11 in the area around the lymph nodes of the head and neck on the same side as the tumor. About a week after this injection, participants will start standard radiation therapy (RT), which typically lasts either 3 weeks or 6 weeks depending upon age. Once RT is finished, participants will resume injections in the area around the lymph nodes of the head and neck on the same side as the tumor of 2141-V11 about 1 week later. They will have another injection about 3 weeks after finishing RT and then start a schedule of injections about every 3 weeks for up to a year.

There are risks to the study drugs that are described in this document. Some common risks related to D2C7-IT include: effects related to tumor cells dying (tumor necrosis), effects on normal brain tissue, effects related to catheter placement and removal, effects related to fluid infusion into the brain (intracerebral infusion), and reactions to the D2C7-IT being directly infused in your brain. Risks of 2141-V11 being directly infused in your brain and injected in the area around the lymph nodes of the head and neck could include: cytokine release syndrome (release of immune system cells called cytokines that can cause fever, chills, headache, muscle pain, itching, rash, chest tightness, palpitations, shortness of breath, low blood pressure, nausea, vomiting), swelling and redness in the neck area, overstimulation of your immune system such that it attacks other tissues in your body, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets in the blood.
Potential subjects will be screened and those meeting the high-risk criteria based on COMT genotype for high pain sensitivity and pain catastrophizing questionnaire score will be eligible for randomization into intervention groups (stratified by sex). Exercise induced shoulder injury will serve as the pain generating mechanism on Day 1 and participants will receive pharmaceutical and education interventions over Days 1-4, and Days 2-4 respectively. Statistical analysis will determine whether the combined personalized intervention group experienced shorter shoulder pain duration, lower peak pain intensity, or decreased upper-extremity disability and determine which molecular, psychological, and pain sensitivity regulation mechanisms are associated with pain relief. A preliminary analysis is planned after the first 300 subjects are equally randomized to the 4 intervention groups. The comparison of interest for the preliminary analysis is the combined personalized intervention group with the placebo and general education group for the primary outcome. Depending on the results of this preliminary analysis the randomization pattern may change, with details of these changes available in the protocol paper.
Epidurals will be placed with parturients in the standard sitting position. An epidural catheter will be placed to a depth of 5 cm into the epidural space. After placement, parturients will be randomized to one of the four position groups (left uterine displacement, left lateral, right lateral, or seated upright). After successful positioning, a series of 5 cc bolus doses of 0.08% ropivacaine with 2 mcg per cc of fentanyl will be injected through the epidural catheter in 5 minute intervals for a total volume of 20 cc. After the initial loading dose of epidural solution has been injected in the first 20 minutes post-insertion, the patient will be able to return to whatever position they are most comfortable with. The parturient will be asked to rate their pain on a verbal pain scale of between 0 and 10 at the peak of their contraction at three time intervals. The spread of the blockade will be assessed with ice applied along both the left and right mid-clavicular lines. Maternal blood pressure will be measured on the upper arm in all patients as per nursing protocol. Fetal heart rate will be monitored intermittently with Doppler ultrasound as per nursing protocol.
BACKGROUND: Fasciitis ossificans is a rare subtype of nodular fasciitis, a benign soft tissue tumor with reactive characteristics. Due to its rapid growth, it is often misdiagnosed as a malignant tumor. While fasciitis ossificans commonly originates from the subcutaneous tissue and can appear throughout the body, it may also arise from extraordinary sites.
CASE PRESENTATION: We report the first-ever documented case of fasciitis ossificans arising from the penis in a male patient who presented with a tumor on the glans penis. The tumor was surgically resected due to suspicion of penile cancer. Initial histopathological analysis led to a misdiagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. However, pathological consultation ultimately confirmed the diagnosis of fasciitis ossificans of the penis originating from the glans penis by demonstrating ossification.
CONCLUSION: This case underscores the importance of considering fasciitis ossificans in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue tumors, even in unusual locations such as penile soft tissue.
Hypertriglyceridemia is a rare but significant cause of pancreatitis in children. Hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis is often correlated with more severity and complications like pancreatic necrosis. Therefore, proper management and prevention of further episodes is essential. The authors report a case of a child with hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis who was managed with intravenous insulin. According to various case reports and case series, intravenous insulin has been found to be effective in hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis in adults. Few case reports in children also have mentioned use of intravenous insulin in diabetic ketoacidosis with hypertriglyceridemia. The authors found intravenous insulin to be highly effective in management of pancreatitis due to severe hypertriglyceridemia in the present child.
The source population will be 30 patients who present to wound care clinic with Diabetic Foot Ulcers. Candidate subjects will have had a standard wound evaluation and medical history taken as a matter of their standard of care. On the basis of the evaluation, the physician-investigators will determine if the patient meets the eligibility criteria. If so, the study will be explained to the patient at that time, and Informed Consent will be obtained. 30 healthy subjects will also be included, recruited by word-of-mouth, who receive no remuneration and who will be selected for the study on the basis of the following inclusion and exclusion criteria. They will undergo fluorescence-mediated photoplethysmography once at the onset of their wound care.
The purpose of this study to compare the effect of Biofreeze® versus a Placebo on neck pain, disability, fear avoidance, and range of motion prior to and following cervical manipulation over the course of one week among patients with acute neck pain. Methods: A convenience sample of 60 acute neck pain patients will be recruited at their initial appointment prior to any therapy being applied. Exclusionary criteria will include pregnancy, cancer, or a corticosteroid injection within the past 2 weeks. Additionally, anyone who has a history of neck surgery will be excluded. Patients will be recruited following their initial examination if they meet the inclusion criteria of pain for less than 2 weeks and be \>18 years of age. Eligible patients who agree to participate in the study will complete the informed consent, demographics information questionnaire (including pain medication usage), and paper and pencil instruments that assess their pain, neck disability, and fear avoidance. Cervical range of motion and posture will also be evaluated (T1). After completing the initial paperwork and assessment, patients will then be randomized into either the Placebo \[A\] (n=30) or Biofreeze® \[B\] (n=30) group. Both the patient and investigator will be blind to whether topical A or B is the active product. The Biofreeze® group will have Biofreeze® applied directly over the erector spinae muscles of the cervical spine. The Placebo group will have a placebo form of Biofreeze® applied directly over the erector spinae muscles of the cervical spine. After the respective intervention, both groups will wait 10 minutes after the in product is applied to their skin. At the conclusion of the 10 minutes they will again rate their pain (T2). Following the pain rating, all patients will receive a cervical manipulation. Within 5 minutes following the cervical manipulation, all patients will rate their level of pain (T3). Following completion of this rating of pain within 5 minutes following manipulation all subjects will be given the same at-home pain management program. This pain management program will involve applying either Biofreeze® or Placebo to their neck four times per day for the next week based on previous randomization schedule prior to cervical manipulation. All subjects will be instructed to apply the gel they have been assigned directly on top of the erector spinae and site of pain of neck, from inferior to superior to inferior. At one week (T4) patients will complete the paper and pencil instruments and cervical range of motion from the first visit. In addition, at home pain management compliance and pain medication will be documented on a daily basis for the entire week.
Participants will then be administered either oral optimal dose of Northera (Droxidopa) or matching placebo in a double-blinded manner and will remain in the supine position for 60 minutes. Subjects will remain in their wheelchair for instrumentation, which will include: 1) ECG, 2) brachial BP, 3) finger arteriolar BP and 4) Cerebral Blood Flow velocity (CBFv).
Diabetes is a serious, long-term condition with a major impact on the lives and well-being of individuals, families, and societies worldwide. Diabetic neuropathy is its most common clinical consequence. Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is defined as "the presence of symptoms and/or signs of peripheral nerve dysfunction in people with diabetes after the exclusion of other causes." A person with DPN is up to 20 times more likely to fall than a non-diabetic of the same age, making falls an even more significant therapeutic concern. As a result of decreased balance, people with DPN are predisposed to falls, which can lead to injury, decreased balance confidence, fear-related avoidance of activities, and decreased quality of life. So, this study aims to assess the responsiveness and sensitivity of Berg Balance Scale, Mini-BESTest, and Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale in the population of DPN and it will also predict which of them is the most responsive and sensitive and first evaluates changes in balance of patients with DPN. After the comparison of responsiveness and sensitivity of these scales, it can predict the best tool for early assessment of balance impairment in the people with DPN. This study will be beneficial in early identification of fall risk and minimization of fall related injuries and complications.
### Teratogenic Effects: Pregnancy Category C

No effects on teratogenicity or embryotoxicity were observed in female rats given oral doses up to 7 mg/kg/day, which is approximately equivalent to the human dose of 2.5-10 mg every 3 to 6 hours for oral liquid, and 3-fold higher than the human dose of 2-4 mg every 4 to 6 hours for the tablet on a body surface area basis. Hydromorphone produced skull malformations (exencephaly and cranioschisis) in Syrian hamsters given oral doses up to 20 mg/kg during the peak of organogenesis (gestation days 8-9). The skull malformations were observed at doses approximately 2-fold higher the human dose of 2.5-10 mg every 3 to 6 hours for oral liquid, and 7-fold higher than the human dose of 2-4 mg every 4 to 6 hours for the tablet on a body surface area basis. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of hydromorphone hydrochloride tablets in pregnant women.

Hydromorphone crosses the placenta, resulting in fetal exposure. Hydromorphone hydrochloride tablets should be used in pregnant women only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus (see Labor and Delivery and DRUG ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE).

### Nonteratogenic effects

Babies born to mothers who have been taking opioids regularly prior to delivery will be physically dependent. The withdrawal signs include irritability and excessive crying, tremors, hyperactive reflexes, increased respiratory rate, increased stools, sneezing, yawning, vomiting, and fever. The intensity of the syndrome does not always correlate with the duration of maternal opioid use or dose. There is no consensus on the best method of managing withdrawal. Approaches to the treatment of this syndrome have included supportive care and, when indicated, drugs such as paregoric or phenobarbital.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition with a function of treating children recurrent respiratory tract infection and a preparation method thereof. Through a great deal of clinical practice, the invention selects radix pseudostellariae, stir-fried bighead atractylodes rhizome, stir-fried rhizoma atractylodis, wrinkled gianthyssop, divaricate saposhnikovia root, magnolia flower, figwort root, jiao Liu medicated leaven, calcined dragon bone and ephedra root as raw materials, and prepares into oral or external dosage forms according to weight proportion. The invention has the effects of activating spleen, preventing sense, consolidating exterior and stopping sweat, and is used for treating the spleen-activating dysfunction syndrome of repeated respiratory tract infection of children and the lung-defense failure. Clinical verification proves that the invention has obvious curative effect, no toxic or side effect and good safety. Animal experimental researches show that the traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the invention can effectively relieve the chronic inflammation level of a model mouse, improve the airway epithelial barrier injury, improve the body disease resistance and reduce the infection risk. The invention can be used for filling the market blank of treating the children recurrent respiratory tract infection disease based on the theory that the spleen is exuberant and not affected by evil in four seasons and the spleen is not in the condition of invigorating the spleen and being in the condition of being in charge of being transported, has a great development prospect.
IMPaCT CHWs will perform the following functions, depending on the needs of the participants: 1) Deconstructing Distal Goals into Proximal Goals: IMPaCT CHWs will help patients to deconstruct collaborative distal clinical goals into patient driven proximal goals and develop strategies for achieving each proximal goal.2) Creating Roadmaps: Roadmaps are individualized strategies for achieving each proximal goal identified by patients. 3) IMPaCT CHWs conduct weekly follow-up with patients through either telephone or home visit in order to support the achievement of proximal goals. As part of these followup encounters, CHWs ask patients to measure their chronic disease control during their weekly followup calls/visits. 4) Group: CHWs and their Project Manager run a group session for patients in the IMPaCT arm. This group meets weekly and is a forum for patients to discuss common issues around chronic disease management and form a social support network.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the natural history of hearing loss and tumor volume in patients with untreated neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2)-related schwannomatosis. Moreover, we statistically examined the factors affecting hearing prognosis.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 37 ears of 24 patients with NF2-related vestibular schwannomatosis followed up without treatment for more than 1 year. We obtained detailed chronological changes in the PTA and tumor volume in each case over time, and the rate of change per year was obtained. Multivariate analysis was also conducted to investigate factors associated with changes in hearing.
RESULTS: The average follow-up period was approximately 9 years, and hearing deteriorated at an average rate of approximately 4 dB/year. The rate of maintaining effective hearing decreased from 30 ears (81%) at the first visit to 19 ears (51%) at the final follow-up. The average rate of change in tumor growth for volume was approximately 686.0 mm3/year. This study revealed that most patients with NF2 experienced deterioration in hearing acuity and tumor growth during the natural course. A correlation was observed between an increase in tumor volume and hearing loss (r = 0.686; p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Although the hearing preservation rate in NF2 cases is poor with the current treatment methods, many cases exist in which hearing acuity deteriorates, even during the natural course. Patients with an increased tumor volume during the follow-up period were more likely to experience hearing deterioration. Trial registration number 20140242 (date of registration: 27 October 2014).
In this study, the investigators will evaluate the efficacy, safety and related mechanism of dietary fiber and probiotics alone and in combination as a add-on treatment in improving the antipsychotic induced weight gain, the cognitive impairment, and psychotic syndrome in schizophrenia or bipolar disorder patients. The study will recruit 100 schizophrenia or bipolar disorder patients who meet the criteria of DSM-5, and then randomized to 4 groups: probiotics group(PB group) dietary fiber group(FB group) probiotics plus dietary fiber group(PF group) and control group(CT group) for a 12-weeks clinical trail (20 patients per arm) for a 12-weeks clinical trail. Clinical efficacy and safety assessment will be done at screen/baseline, 4 week, 8 week and 12 week. The specific aims are to compare probiotics group versus controls on: 1) clinical core symptoms; 2) cognition; 3) metabolic related markers. Biological samples also will be collected, and stored to research related mechanisms. Clinical symptoms will be measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale,. Cognitive function will be assessed by the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery.

The investigators hypothesize that: 1) dietary fiber and probiotics may improve cognitive impairment of patients with schizophrenia; 2) dietary fiber and probiotics could prevent the cognitive decline of patients with schizophrenia; 3)dietary fiber and probiotics may prevent the antipsychotics induced weight gain in patients with schizophrenia.4)dietary fiber and probiotics may alter oxidative stress indexes or inflammatory biomarkers thus influence the oxidative and inflammatory mechanism.
Naltrexone is extensively metabolized in humans. Production of the primary metabolite, 6β-naltrexol, is mediated by dihydrodiol dehydrogenase, a cytosolic family of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 system is not involved in naltrexone metabolism. Two other minor metabolites are 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-6β-naltrexol and 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-naltrexone. Naltrexone and its metabolites are also conjugated to form glucuronide products.

Significantly less 6β-naltrexol is generated following subcutaneous administration of naltrexone compared to administration of oral naltrexone due to a reduction in first-pass hepatic metabolism.
NOCDURNA can cause hyponatremia. Severe hyponatremia can be life-threatening, leading to seizures, coma, respiratory arrest, or death [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

NOCDURNA is contraindicated in patients at increased risk of severe hyponatremia, such as patients with excessive fluid intake, illnesses that can cause fluid or electrolyte imbalances, and in those using loop diuretics or systemic or inhaled glucocorticoids [see Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

Ensure the serum sodium concentration is normal before starting or resuming NOCDURNA. Measure serum sodium within 7 days and approximately 1 month after initiating therapy, and periodically during treatment. More frequently monitor serum sodium in patients 65 years of age and older and in patients at increased risk of hyponatremia. [see Dosage and Administration (2.2) and Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

If hyponatremia occurs, NOCDURNA may need to be temporarily or permanently discontinued [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
Genicular artery embolization will be performed by board certified Interventional Radiologists in the interventional radiology angiography suite at Kingston General Hospital. Patients will be blinded to which procedure they have been randomized too, careful language will be used by the clinical and research team throughout the procedure to not compromise the blinding. Patients will be positioned supine on the procedure table. The affected knee will be prepped and draped using standard sterile technique and 1-2cc of 1% lidocaine will be administered to the area for local anesthetic. A drape will be placed such that the patient is unable to see the affected knee during the procedure. Geniculate artery embolization will be performed via an intraarterial access and use of embolization microspheres injected into the hypervascular arteries feeding the knee joint.