anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Capecitabine was administered orally at a dose of 1,000 milligram per square meter (mg/m\^2) twice daily (12 hours apart) on Days 1 through 14 of each 21-day cycle. Sorafenib was administered orally at a dose of 600 mg (200 mg in the morning, 400 mg in the evening) daily, continuously (that is, Days 1 to 21, inclusive). A treatment cycle consisted of 21 days. If tolerability criteria were met for a subject, capecitabine dose was escalated to 1,250 mg/m\^2 twice daily and sorafenib dose to a total daily dose of 800 mg for that subject.
Nutrient handling is an essential function of the gastrointestinal tract. Hormonal responses of small intestinal enteroendocrine cells (EECs) have been extensively studied but much less is known about the role of colonic EECs in metabolic regulation. To address this core question, we investigated a mouse model deficient in colonic EECs. Here we show that colonic EEC deficiency leads to hyperphagia and obesity. Furthermore, colonic EEC deficiency results in altered microbiota composition and metabolism, which we found through antibiotic treatment, germ-free rederivation and transfer to germ-free recipients, to be both necessary and sufficient for the development of obesity. Moreover, studying stool and blood metabolomes, we show that differential glutamate production by intestinal microbiota corresponds to increased appetite and that colonic glutamate administration can directly increase food intake. These observations shed light on an unanticipated host-microbiota axis in the colon, part of a larger gut-brain axis, that regulates host metabolism and body weight.
Neuroblastoma (NB), the most common extracranial solid tumor in pediatric patients, manifests with considerable variability across multiple primary sites. Despite this, the extent of genetic heterogeneity within these tumor foci and the identification of consistent oncogenic drivers remains largely unexplored. Of particular interest, genetic mutations in PHOX2B have been linked to familial cases of NB, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully delineated. In our research, we focus on unraveling the role of a novel functional long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) associated with PHOX2B in the context of NB. Using NB cell models with overexpressed PHOX2B, combined with lncRNA microarray analysis, we discovered that lncARSR is significantly upregulated in response to PHOX2B overexpression. Subsequent biological assays demonstrated that lncARSR promotes both the proliferation and metastasis of NB cells. Further molecular investigations revealed that lncARSR plays a crucial role in stabilizing PHOX2B expression within NB cells. Moreover, we identified that the expression of lncARSR is regulated by methylation through methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), which itself is positively correlated with PHOX2B expression. Rescue experiments underscored the functional importance of METTL3, lncARSR, and PHOX2B in NB cells. In summary, our findings provide new insights into the molecular functions of PHOX2B in the progression of neuroblastoma and propose a novel therapeutic target for this aggressive malignancy.
The most commonly used flow cytometric (FCM) analysis of cellular DNA content relies on ethanol fixation followed by RNA digestion and propidium iodide (PI) intercalation into double-stranded DNA. This is a laborious and time-consuming procedure that is subject to systematic errors due to centrifugation and washing steps associated with sample preparation. It can adversely affect the reliability of the results. Here, we present a modified concept of DNA quantification in adherent cell lines by FCM that involves neither ethanol fixation nor any washing and cell transferring steps. Our high throughput assay of adherent cell lines reduces sample-processing time, requires minimal workload, provides a possibility for automation, and, if needed, also allows a significant reduction in the size of individual samples. Working with a well-proven commercial tool-The BD Cycletest™ Plus DNA Reagent Kit-primarily designed for cell cycle analysis and aneuploidy determination in experimental and clinical samples, we suggest a novel, very efficient, and robust approach for DNA research in adherent cell cultures.
Pregnancy Category D

Clofarabine Injection may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Clofarabine was teratogenic in rats and rabbits. Developmental toxicity (reduced fetal body weight and increased post-implantation loss) and increased incidences of malformations and variations (gross external, soft tissue, skeletal and retarded ossification) were observed in rats receiving 54 mg/m 2/day (approximately equivalent to the recommended clinical dose on a mg/m 2 basis), and in rabbits receiving 12 mg/m 2/day (approximately 23% of the recommended clinical dose on a mg/m 2 basis). 

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women using clofarabine. If this drug is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus.

Women of childbearing potential should be advised to avoid becoming pregnant while receiving treatment with clofarabine. All patients should be advised to use effective contraceptive measures to prevent pregnancy.
FIELD: adhesives.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a multilayer oral film with an active substance and to a method of producing such film. The described film is comprised of at least two non-adhesive layers, wherein each of the layers is comprised of at least one hydrophilic polymer and at least one water-soluble adhesive layer containing at least one water-dissoluble polymer and at least one plasticizer. At least one of the at least two non-adhesive layers and/or at least one water-dissoluble adhesive layer is comprised of a pharmaceutically active substance. At least two non-adhesive layers and at least one water-dissoluble adhesive layer are alternated so that at least one water-dissoluble adhesive layer is covered on both sides with at least one non-adhesive layer. At least two non-adhesive layers in each case have a unit surface mass of 20 to 200 g/m2. At least one water-dissoluble polymer in at least one water-dissoluble adhesive layer includes shellac, vinyl pyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl caprolactam/polyvinyl acetate/polyethylene glycol copolymer, hydroxypropyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and/or polyvinylpyrrol. At least one plasticizer of said adhesive layer comprises glycerin, polyethylene glycol and/or tributyl citrate. The weight ratio of at least one water-dissoluble polymer and at least one plasticizer in at least one water-dissoluble adhesive layer is 80 to 50: 20 to 50.EFFECT: provided strong composite of said layers and at least one pharmaceutically active substance not exposed to multiple thermal and/or chemical influences.12 cl, 2 tbl, 2 ex
This is a prospective, interventional study with a primary objective of evaluating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission following exposure in Kindergarten through 12th grade schools. Participants will be tested with a COVID-19 testing kit that is Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-authorized under an emergency use authorization (EUA) for non-prescription use for both symptomatic and asymptomatic evaluation in children and adults. Participants who consent to participate in this study will be tested at days 1, 3, 5, and 7 following a known COVID-19 exposure on day 0. If a participant does not know of the exposure until more than one day following they exposure, they will be tested on the day they become aware of the exposure and then resume the aforementioned testing schedule (e.g. participant identifies exposure 3 days after the exposure, test on day 3, day 5, and day 7).

If the COVID-19 tests are negative, the participant will remain in the school environment. A positive COVID-19 test or the development of symptoms on any day after exposure would require isolation according to school, local and state guidelines. Demographic information, daily presence or absence of symptoms, whether the infected person or close contact was masked, setting of the exposure, test results, and school absences will be collected following consent. Data regarding school level mitigation practices will also be collected. Data collected from this study may be combined with school-provided data and publically available community data.
### Teratogenic Effects Pregnancy Category C.

Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were administered 1, 3, or 6 mg/kg diclofenac epolamine via oral gavage daily from gestation days 6-15. Maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity, and increased incidence of skeletal anomalies were noted with 6 mg/kg/day diclofenac epolamine, which corresponds to 3-times the maximum recommended daily exposure in humans based on a body surface area comparison. Pregnant New Zealand White rabbits were administered 1, 3, or 6 mg/kg diclofenac epolamine vial oral gavage daily from gestation days 6-18. No maternal toxicity was noted; however, embryotoxicity was evident at 6 mg/kg/day group which corresponds to 6.5-times the maximum recommended daily exposure in humans based on a body surface area comparison.

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Flector Patch should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

### Nonteratogenic Effects

Because of the known effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the fetal cardiovascular system (closure of ductus arteriosus), use during pregnancy (particularly late pregnancy) should be avoided.

Male rats were orally administered diclofenac epolamine (1, 3, 6 mg/kg) for 60 days prior to mating and throughout the mating period, and females were given the same doses 14 days prior to mating and through mating, gestation, and lactation. Embryotoxicity was observed at 6 mg/kg diclofenac epolamine (3-times the maximum recommended daily exposure in humans based on a body surface area comparison), and was manifested as an increase in early resorptions, post-implantation losses, and a decrease in live fetuses. The number of live born and total born were also reduced as was F1 postnatal survival, but the physical and behavioral development of surviving F1 pups in all groups was the same as the deionized water control, nor was reproductive performance adversely affected despite a slight treatment-related reduction in body weight.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide methods for assessing libraries of candidate modulators of intracellular signaling transmission pathways.  <P>SOLUTION: Methods for assessing libraries of candidate modulators of intracellular signaling transmission pathways are provided. The methods assess the ability of candidates from the library to inhibit the binding of peptides which represent participants in the signaling pathways as either a signal-generating protein or its cognate partner binding at a noncatalytic site. Specific peptides useful in this regard have been identified. In one application, modulators of the immune system can be identified by determining the ability of candidate substances to affect the interaction of PKC-β or a fragment thereof with its cognate. The interaction can be measured using binding of the cognate as an index, or can be measured using a physiological response.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Epilepsy is a prevalent chronic disorder of the central nervous system. The timely and accurate seizure prediction using the scalp Electroencephalography (EEG) signal can make patients adopt reasonable preventive measures before seizures occur and thus reduce harm to patients. In recent years, deep learning-based methods have made significant progress in solving the problem of epileptic seizure prediction. However, most current methods mainly focus on modeling short- or long-term dependence in EEG, while neglecting to consider both. In this study, we propose a Parallel Dual-Branch Fusion Network (PDBFusNet) which aims to combine the complementary advantages of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Transformer. Specifically, the features of the EEG signal are first extracted using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC). Then, the extracted features are delivered into the parallel dual-branches to simultaneously capture the short- and long-term dependencies of EEG signal. Further, regarding the Transformer branch, a novel feature fusion module is developed to enhance the ability of utilizing time, frequency, and channel information. To evaluate our proposal, we perform sufficient experiments on the public epileptic EEG dataset CHB-MIT, where the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and precision are 95.76%, 95.81%, 95.71% and 95.71%, respectively. PDBFusNet shows superior performance compared to state-of-the-art competitors, which confirms the effectiveness of our proposal.
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer in Vietnam with high mortality rate. Patients at early stages undergo radical gastrectomy with curative intent, but the remaining tumor cells, termed as minimal residual disease (MRD), can later cause relapse. Conventional methods to monitor MRD such as imaging and blood tests for biomarkers such as CEA are not sensitive and specific enough. ctDNA has recently emerged as a promising noninvasive marker with high accuracy to monitor MRD and detect relapse in many cancers such as breast and colorectal cancers. However, its application in gastric cancer has not been extensively evaluated. Therefore, this study aims to use advanced NGS technologies to detect ctDNA in liquid biopsy as a biomarker to monitor MRD after radical gastrectomy.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare skin whitening cosmetics showing skin whitening effect synergistically through restraining melanin production due to ultraviolet hazard along with accelerating melanin pigment excretion by including a specific glycoside and yeast extract. SOLUTION: The skin whitening cosmetics are prepared by including (A) a glycoside of the formula (wherein, R is a residue selected from monosaccharides and disaccharides), (e.g. raspberry-ketone-D-glucoside or the like) and (B) yeast extract or fungus culture products including it. The contents of the component A and B are respectively ca. 0.01-10 wt.% and ca. 0.001-20 wt.% each based on the total weight of the cosmetics. The component can be obtained by the condensation reaction of 4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone with an acetylated sugar in an organic solvent such as toluene in the presence of boron trifluoride, phosphorus oxychloride or the like and then by the elimination of acetyl groups in the presence of a base.
FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: the method deals with the ways to obtain biologically active substances out of plant raw material. One should carry out extraction with the help of organic solvent by using dried and reduced fir woody verdure. Obtained extract is removed and treated with aqueous solution of alkaline agent. Aqueous- alkaline layer is removed to acidify it and obtain the total of triterpene acids with the help of organic solvent. The rest organic layer of obtained extract is used to detect the total of neutral isoprenoids. For this purpose, one should, first, distill of the solvent out of extract and then it is removed for volatile components of fir oil. The innovation enables to obtain valuable agricultural product of high growthstimulating action. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 2 cl, 3 ex, 2 tbl
Ten nonsmoking patients, suffering from mild bronchial asthma participated in the study (mean age 30±9 years, 5 men, 5 women). Asthma was diagnosed based on GINA 2008 criteria. The patients were free of any medication, at least 7 days before, and had not suffered from any infectious diseases including upper respiratory tract infections for at least 3 months prior to the study. Patients who did not meet these criteria were excluded from the study.
The invention discloses a freeze-drying excipient. The freeze-drying excipient consists of an inner core and an outer layer, wherein the inner core comprises an effective dosage of pharmaceutical active ingredients and excipients; and the excipients are small molecular water soluble substances and/or long-chain water soluble substances. The freeze-drying excipient is characterized in that: the outer layer can partially or entirely coat the inner core of the freeze-drying excipient, contains a pharmaceutically accepted material with the melting point of between 30 and 70 DEG C and is divided into 1 to 5 layers. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the freeze-drying excipient with the coating outer layer. The method comprises the following steps of: when the freeze-drying excipient is prepared, preparing the pharmaceutical active ingredients and other excipients into a freeze-drying excipient, and quantificationally spraying an outer-layer substance which is heated to a liquid state onto the surface of the freeze-drying excipient to form a layer to a plurality of layers of thin solid films due to reduction of temperature to obtain the freeze-drying excipient. The freeze-drying excipient has the advantages that: when the freeze-drying excipient is used, the effects that the freeze-drying excipient has high medicine loading rate and can also be instantly dissolved and released can be achieved, and the disadvantages that the conventional freeze-drying excipient has high friability, low tablet integrity and strong mealiness, is difficult to transfer in the processes of packaging, use and the like, and can only be preserved in a freeze-drying mould are also overcome; and the combination of the advantages of the freeze-drying excipient and a film agent meets the requirements of good manufacturing practice (GMP) of medicine production, can also greatly reduce the cost, and makes the wide popularization of the freeze-drying excipient possible.
The genomics era has facilitated the discovery of new genes that predispose individuals to bone marrow failure (BMF) and hematological malignancy (HM). We report the discovery of ETS-related gene (ERG), a novel, autosomal dominant BMF/HM predisposition gene. ERG is a highly constrained transcription factor that is critical for definitive hematopoiesis, stem cell function, and platelet maintenance. ERG colocalizes with other transcription factors, including RUNX family transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) and GATA binding protein 2 (GATA2), on promoters or enhancers of genes that orchestrate hematopoiesis. We identified a rare heterozygous ERG missense variant in 3 individuals with thrombocytopenia from 1 family and 14 additional ERG variants in unrelated individuals with BMF/HM, including 2 de novo cases and 3 truncating variants. Phenotypes associated with pathogenic germ line ERG variants included cytopenias (thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and pancytopenia) and HMs (acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia) with onset before 40 years. Twenty ERG variants (19 missense and 1 truncating), including 3 missense population variants, were functionally characterized. Thirteen potentially pathogenic erythroblast transformation specific (ETS) domain missense variants displayed loss-of-function (LOF) characteristics, thereby disrupting transcriptional transactivation, DNA binding, and/or nuclear localization. Selected variants overexpressed in mouse fetal liver cells failed to drive myeloid differentiation and cytokine-independent growth in culture and to promote acute erythroleukemia when transplanted into mice, concordant with these being LOF variants. Four individuals displayed somatic genetic rescue by copy neutral loss of heterozygosity. Identification of predisposing germ line ERG variants has clinical implications for patient and family diagnoses, counseling, surveillance, and treatment strategies, including selection of bone marrow donors and cell or gene therapy.
Fluoride varnish Fluor Protector S (Ivoclar Vivadent) with 1.5% ammonium fluoride was not scored. The emergence of a new varnish implies the necessity to compare the effectiveness of both agents in preventing caries in deciduous teeth. All of the elements of a clinical trial and the varnish applications will be performed four times at three-month intervals: examination - 0 (initial score), follow-ups to the initial examination and intervention: 1 - after 3 months, 2 - after 6 months, 3 - after 9 months. Changes in OHI-S, spot carious lesion discovered at the initial assessment as invisible, visible and inactive, active, cavities), dmft and dmfs, and their components will be scored at follow-up examinations.
The invention provides traditional Chinese medicine composition. The composition is prepared from matched pure traditional Chinese medicinal components with functions of heat clearing, promotion of diuresis, toxin removal, yellowness elimination and the like and has the advantages that the composition can effectively treat hepatitis B, is free of side effects, has a certain curative effect on constipation and liver cancer and can be used as an ideal medicine for clearing intestines before an operation and the like. Besides, the composition can be used as a medicine for treating hepatitis B and can also be used as a health-care medicine for daily liver protection. Further, the traditional Chinese medicine composition has remarkable blood glucose reduction efficacy on patients suffering from diabetes or hyperglycemia. Additionally, the invention further provides a preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine composition. According to the method, the composition is taken as a raw material, effective ingredients in the composition are extracted with soaking, decoction and other physical methods for use, and the composition and the method have the advantages that the preparation method is simple and convenient, the medicine takes effect quickly and the like.
FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutical industry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agents comprising derivatives of gamma-aminobutyric acid and influencing on cardiovascular system. Invention describes new 4-amino-3- phenylbutanoic acid salts of the general formula (I)   wherein n = 3; X means citric acid; n = 2; X means oxalic acid, succinic acid, malic acid. These salts elicit anti-ischemic, hypotensive, antiarrhythmic, nootropic and antihypoxic activity. Medicinal agent comprises salts of the formula (I) taken in the effective dose and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. The combination of pharmacological properties revealed in new salts and absent in the parent compounds in combination with low toxicity provides their as perspective drugs for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. EFFECT: valuable medicinal properties of compounds. 3 cl, 9 tbl
Tryptophan is an essential amino acid and must be obtained from the diet. It is required for protein synthesis and acts as a precursor for serotonin and nicotinic acid. It is of particular importance in the diet of people who receive a large percentage of their calories from cereal grains such as maize, as it is limiting in tryptophan. Therefore, accurate knowledge of tryptophan requirement is important for dietary planning particularly for older adults. In 1998, our lab determined the tryptophan requirement in young women to be 4.01 mg/kg/day, with a safe intake at 5 mg/kg/day, using the Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation method. Since then, the investigators have determined the tryptophan requirement and safe level in healthy school-age children to be 4.7 and 6 mg/kg/day. The investigators have recently found the requirements of essential amino acids such as leucine and total sulfur amino acids in older adults and have found to be higher than young adults and a difference between the sexes. Thus, there is a need to determine the threonine requirement in older adults.