anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Acute pancreatitis is a common acute inflammatory disorder of the pancreas, and its incidence has been increasing worldwide. Approximately 10% of acute pancreatitis progresses to severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), which carries significant morbidity and mortality. Disordered immune response to pancreatic injury is regarded as a key event that mediates systemic injury in SAP. In this article, we review recent developments in immune biomarkers of SAP and future directions for research.
RECENT FINDINGS: Given the importance of the NLRP3-inflammasome pathway in mediating systemic inflammatory response syndrome and systemic injury, recent studies have investigated associations of SAP with systemic levels of activators of NLRP3, such as the damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) for the first time in human SAP. For example, circulating levels of histones, mitochondrial DNAs, and cell free DNAs have been associated with SAP. A panel of mechanistically relevant immune markers (e.g., panel of Angiopoeitin-2, hepatocyte growth factor, interleukin-8 (IL-8), resistin and sTNF-α R1) carried higher predictive accuracies than existing clinical scores and individual immune markers. Of the cytokines with established relevance to SAP pathogenesis, phase 2 trials of immunotherapies, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha inhibition and stimulation of IL-10 production, are underway to determine if altering the immunologic response can reduce the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP).
SUMMARY: Circulating systemic levels of various DAMPs and a panel of immune markers that possibly reflect activities of different pathways that drive SAP appear promising as predictive biomarkers for SAP. But larger multicenter studies are needed for external validation. Studies investigating immune cellular pathways driving SAP using immunophenotyping techniques are scarce. Interdisciplinary efforts are also needed to bring some of the promising biomarkers to the bedside for validation and testing for clinical utility. Studies investigating the role of and characterization of altered gut-lymph and gut-microbiota in severe AP are needed.
Each exercise session will be comprised of 10-minute warm-up exercises, 40-minute stabilization exercises, and 10-minute cool-down and stretching exercises, including neck and shoulder girdle muscles. The whole program will be carried out 3 days per week for 4 weeks.The participants will be asked to maintain the positions and contractions during the exercises and throughout the day as much as possible. The combination and progression of the exercises will be designed according to condition of the patient.
A member of a new class of bacterial toxin has been isolated and characterised. The bacterial toxin is of the AB5 type and is characterised in that it has a subtilase domain. It is cytotoxic to Vero cells, and toxicity in vivo in mice occurs in a number of different sites. Mutation of the serine active residue results in greater than 99% reduction in activity. The protein has been purified and antibodies have been prepared for both the A subunit and B subunits, and ELISA detection methods have been developed. The nucleic acid sequence has been determined and primers specific for the toxin have been used for a preliminary screen of a range of patient samples to ascertain the extent to which the toxin is present.
Background: graft nephrectomy is associated with massive allo-sensitization following this event The occurrence of anti-HLA antibodies is a major barrier to perform a second kidney transplantation. Moreover, a systemic inflammatory response syndrome can occur which could lead to serious patient's complications, in case of early graft thrombosis. To date, no treatment or strategy is available to reduce these risks, after graft nephrectomy. IL-6 is a key cytokine in inflammation, but also in the development of T and B cells activation. This treatment previously demonstrated a major role in the occurrence of allo-antibodies. Tocilizumab is a monoclonal antibody blocking IL6 receptor, previously used with success in kidney transplantation to reduce anti-HLA antibodies mediated rejection.

Objectives: Investigators hypothesize that Tocilizumab is useful to prevent allo-sensitization post graft nephrectomy. They propose here to evaluate in a phase II pilot study, the safety of the use of a single dose of Tocilizumab immediately before or after graft nephrectomy.
The present invention provides an indirect method and accompanying apparatus for supplying a high concentration of medicaments, particularly antibiotics, to the nasal sinuses by first loading the medicament into the cerebrospinal venous system (CVCS) via a Valsalva manuever. Because the CVCS is a valveless, three-dimensional closed system, traditional physiological dogma such as veins always draining tissues does not always apply. Instead, because in its closed-system blood can flow in any direction, the blood of the CVCS and any medicaments that it contains will be drawn to any portion of it where there is increased outflow, such as the copious venousderived sinus fluid drainage present during nasal allergy or nasal infection. Thus, the very nasal congestion that impedes the effectiveness of direct medicament application, such as seen with nasal inhalers or systemic antibiotics, aids in applying the medicament indirectly to the nasal sinuses via the CVCS. Additionally, the present method has the benefit of delivering medicaments that, unlike present treatment regimens, are not limited solely to those medicaments that can be successfully absorbed from the G.I. tract. This means that, in the case of antibiotics, the bacteria infecting this portion of the CVCS will not be as resistant to treatment if they have not had prior exposure to this new line of antibiotics. Finally, if the infection extends to the eardrums, making the Valsalva maneuver painful, or if the patient is simply unusually sensitive, then earplugs to reduce the stress on the eardrums may be worn while the patient performs the Valsalva maneuver.
The   composition   for   treatment   of   acne    contains eicosapentanoic acid and alpha linoleic acid. The weight ratio  of the eicosapentanoic acid to the alpha-linoleic acid is  1:0.1-20.0 pref. 1:3.0-10.0. The  compsn.  also  contains  vitamin  E  as  an antioxidant. Also claimed is a compsn. which comprises a fish oil, perilla seed oil or linseed oil, and  pharmaceutically  acceptable auxiliary agents. The weight content of  eicosapentanoic  acid  in the fish oil is 5-40 %; alpha-linoleic acid in  the  perilla  seed oil is 30-70 %; and that in the linseed oil is 40-60 %.
1492973 Modified allergens BEECHAM GROUP Ltd 5 Feb 1975 [16 Feb 1974] 7156/74 Addition to 1377074 Heading A5B Finely divided micro-particles of tyrosine having a water soluble dialdehyde - treated allergen dispersed therein are prepared by mixing an aqueous solution of a water - soluble dialdehyde e.g. glutaraldehyde modified allergenic extract of an allergenic material with a solution of tyrosine in a strong aqueous acid e.g. hydrochloric acid; and simultaneously or subsequently neutralising (i.e. adjusting the pH to from 4 to 7.5) such mixture of solutions thereby precipitating the required product. Sodium hydroxide may be employed to neutralise the reaction mixture. The aqueous solution of modified allergen may be obtained directly by reacting an aqueous solution of an extract of allergenic material with a dialdehyde under neutral conditions. The allergen may be an extract of one or more pollens e.g. grass or ragweed pollen; house dust, the house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, moulds, animal hair, dander or fur. The precipitate of tyrosine containing the dialdehyde treated allergen may be removed from the solution by centrifugation or filtration and washed before being resuspended in a physiologically acceptable carrier such as phenol-saline or sterile water, to produce an injectable composition for use in desensitisation therapy.
Since the rotavirus vaccine was included in the Dominican Republic's national immunization schedule in 2012, the microbiologic etiologies of acute gastroenteritis have not been described. This study aimed to determine the contribution of rotavirus as an etiology of acute gastroenteritis over a 12-month period in children under 5 years of age in both an inpatient and an outpatient setting in Consuelo, Dominican Republic. All children who were seen at Niños Primeros en Salud clinic or admitted to Hospital Municipal Dr. Angel Ponce Pinedo for acute gastroenteritis during January 2021-April 2022 were enrolled in the study. Stools were evaluated for rotavirus, enteric parasites, and pathogenic bacteria. Pathogen detection was compared between outpatients and inpatients and on the basis of child's vaccination status. From 181 children enrolled, 170 stool samples were collected, 28 (16.5%) from inpatients and 142 (83.5%) from outpatients. Rotavirus was the most commonly detected pathogen and was proportionately more common among hospitalized children, with nine (32.1%) cases among hospitalized children and 16 (11.3%) among outpatient children. (Pearson χ2 = 8.1, P = 0.004). Among patients with a positive rotavirus result, vaccination rate was lower among moderate (hospitalized) (three of six; 50%) compared with mild (outpatient) diarrhea patients (12 of 15; 80%). Giardia lamblia (10%) was the next most prevalent pathogen detected in both inpatients and outpatients using standard laboratory measures. Despite the availability of rotavirus vaccination, rotavirus remains a common cause of gastrointestinal illness among children under 5 years of age in our cohort. Incomplete vaccination status was associated with hospitalization for gastrointestinal illness.
After local anesthesia on left anatomical snuffbox area with lidocaine hydrochloride using a 26 gauge needle, the puncture is performed using a 20 gauge needle with the through-and-through puncture technique or a 21 gauge open needle with anterior wall puncture technique. After the successful puncture, 0.025-inch straight wire or 0.018-inch hair wire are inserted, followed by insertion of the 5Fr. radial sheath (Prelude® Radial; Merit medical, UT, USA or Radifocus® Introducer II or Glidesheath Slender®; Terumo Corporation, Tokyo, Japan).
The present disclosure provides antigen-binding proteins, such as fully human antibodies, that specifically bind the spike (S) protein of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and uses thereof. In various embodiments, the anti-spike protein antibodies are neutralizing antibodies that prevent binding of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus to a target cell expressing the ACE2 protein. Included are anti-spike protein antibodies, antibody fragments, and single-chain antibodies, as well as pharmaceutical compositions that include such antibodies and antibody fragments. Also provided herein are nucleic acids and recombinant expression vectors that encode the anti-spike protein antibodies and antibody fragments disclosed herein and transgenic cells transected with such nucleic acids and expression vectors. Further provided are methods for preparing and using such anti-spike protein antibodies. Methods for using the anti-spike protein antibodies include methods of treating or preventing infection with a coronavirus, such as the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, by administering an antibody or antibody fragment as disclosed herein.
Adults and children 12 years of age and older: 1 or 2 tablets every four hours or as needed. Do not exceed 12 tablets in 24 hours. Children 2 to under 12 years of age: 1/2 to 1 tablet every four hours or as needed. Do not exceed 6 tablets in 24 hours.   
  
ANASPAZ may be taken orally (swallowed or chewed) or sublingually. The dosage of ANASPAZ should be adjusted to the needs of the individual patient to assure symptomatic control with a minimum of adverse effects.
Subjects will be given the standard low sodium diet handout with counseling, complete a validated low sodium questionnaire, and a 24-hr urine collection. Subjects will use a mobile app to build their shopping lists prior to grocery shopping.
A hair-setting composition comprises (1) a water-insoluble methacrylate ester copolymer containing tertiary amino groups and quaternary ammonium salts thereof, or water-insoluble copolymers of vinyl esters with vinyl pyrrolidone and (2) at least 2% based on the copolymer of a cationic surface-active agent, in solution in a volatile organic solvent there being 0,5 to 10% of the solution, of the copolymer.  Specified copolymers are those of vinyl pyrrolidone with vinyl acetate, with vinyl stearate, with vinyl propionate, with methyl acrylate and a copolymer of lauryl methacrylate and diethylaminoethyl methacrylate which may be reacted with an allyl halide or sulphate.  Specified cationic surface-active agents are stearamido-propyldimethyl - beta - hydroxyethyl - ammonium chloride, cetyl dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride, cetyl dimethyl ethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium stearate, lauryl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and diisobutyl phenoxyethoxy ethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. Preferred amount of surface-active agent are from 10 to 25%. Specified solvents are methyl, ethyl, and isopropyl alcohols, ethyl acetate and methylene chloride. Propellants such as 1,1-difluoroethane, 1-2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, trichlorotrifluoroethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, monochloro-difluoromethane, monofluorotrichloromethane, 1-morchloro-1-1-difluoroethane and mixtures thereof.  The composition may be applied from a pressure-tight container having a valve-controlled outlet.
BACKGROUND: Parents may experience challenges implementing their child's therapeutic treatment following burn.
METHODS: A mixed methods study was conducted to explore the parent experience of intensive splinting following palmar burns in young children (median age 16 months [IQR 14]). Thirteen parents were interviewed after cessation of their child's splinting (mean 12 months [SD 2] following burn). Parent interviews were semi-structured with open-ended questions and conducted one-to-one. Inductive thematic analysis was completed by two researchers with consensus achieved through discussion and agreement from third researcher. Themes were triangulated with quantitative data, including range of motion (ROM), scar, developmental and quality of life outcomes.
RESULTS: Children used the splint intensively (>12-24 h/day) for median 179 days (IQR 74) with all splinting ceased by median 275 days (IQR 105). All children had full ROM at scar maturation. Thematic analysis revealed two main themes: parents perceive the impact of splinting to be greater on them than their child and parents perceive outcomes to be more important than burden. Parents described the importance of routine and therapeutic relationships in ongoing engagement with intervention.
CONCLUSION: Parents consider intensive splinting to impact them more than their child with burden of care manageable considering overall outcomes.
Chronic pain is defined as pain which exists for a period longer than 3 months. The prevalence of chronic pain in the Netherlands is estimated to be 19 percent. Chronic pain is a complex disorder which is often challenging to treat. The dynamic interaction between de different aspects of chronic pain, like the somatic, physical and social aspects, make the treatment challenging. Patients with chronic pain have a three times increased risk of developing psychiatric symptoms (usually mood and anxiety disorders) and vice versa, patients with depression have a three times increased risk of developing chronic pain. Also independently chronic pain and depression are both invalidating disorders, regardless of age and gender. It has been found that there is an increased risk of suicide among patients with chronic pain. The complex interaction between chronic pain and depression and their cumulative effect on the quality of life in the Netherlands has not yet been completely identified. This is because the interaction between chronic pain and depression is not yet fully understood. The treatment can be improved when the interaction between pain and depression is better understood.

The research acts as a preliminary investigation for the treatment of patients with chronic pain with intrvenous esketamine, a recently approved treatment for treatment resistant depression.
To explore the therapeutic effectiveness of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) on the treatment for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Retrospectively analyzing 241 cases of chronic hepatitis B patients admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to December 2021, they were divided into a TAF group of 180 cases and a TDF group of 61 cases. The liver function, serum virus markers, clinical efficacy, adverse reactions and cost-effectiveness ratio (CER) analysis of 2 groups were compared. Two groups of patients had no statistically significant difference in the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) before treatment. After treatment, the levels of ALT, AST and TBIL were lower than before treatment in both groups (P < .05), but the inter-group difference was not statistically significant (P > .05). After treatment, Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) conversion rate and Hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV-DNA) conversion rate in the 2 groups had no statistically significant difference. After treatment, the difference in total clinical cure rate between the 2 groups has no statistical significance (P > .05), adverse reactions rate of TAF group was lower than that of TDF group (P < .05). The drug cost median of TAF group was higher than that of TDF (P < .05), but Cost-effectiveness analysis showed the CER of TAF group was similar of TDF group. TAF or TDF therapy can both improve liver function and promote recovery in patients with CHB, achieving the goal of treatment. TAF have more cost but have similar CER to TDF. Moreover, TAF therapy has a higher safety profile.
This research applies magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques to study the pancreas of individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and other forms of diabetes. Recent studies have demonstrated reduced pancreatic volume is present within months of T1D diagnosis in children, adolescents, and adults, and in non-diabetic individuals expressing islet autoantibodies that portend the development of T1D. As the pancreatic beta cells constitute only 1-2% of the pancreas, the degree of reduction in pancreas volume at disease onset suggests exocrine involvement, challenging the established paradigm of T1D being solely a disease of the endocrine pancreas. These unexpected findings raise fundamental questions that challenge our understanding of T1D pathogenesis. These changes in pancreatic volume and size before and soon after onset of T1D, as detected by MRI, appear to be a marker of the T1D pathogenic disease process. There is an urgent need to determine whether similar observations can be obtained at different centers using different MRI platforms. Discovery of unknown changes may lead to new ways to treat disease. The MRI techniques may also be useful for following how T1D is progressing in different people, determining whether new drugs are effective, and ultimately detecting T1D in people earlier than currently possible.
An orally ingestible contraceptive composition for a pig is provided. The exemplary composition comprises 0.005 to 1.4 wt. % free gossypol and non-free-gossypol matter. The non-free-gossypol matter comprises a bulk feed component, a pig attractant, a flavored component or any combination thereof. In a second aspect, an assembly is provided. The assembly comprises an orally ingestible contraceptive composition for a pig and a package. In a third aspect, a system for delivering an orally ingestible contraceptive composition to a pig is provided. The system comprises the composition and an apparatus. The apparatus is configured to permit pigs to eat the composition and inhibit other animals from eating the composition. In a fourth aspect, a method is provided for delivering an orally ingestible contraceptive composition to a pig. The method comprises making the composition available to the pig.
Absorption

Following oral administration memantine is highly absorbed with peak concentrations reached in about 3-7 hours. Memantine has linear pharmacokinetics over the therapeutic dose range. Food has no effect on the absorption of memantine.

The remainder is converted primarily to three polar metabolites which possess minimal NMDA receptor antagonistic activity: the N-glucuronide conjugate, 6-hydroxy memantine, and 1-nitroso-deaminated memantine. A total of 74% of the administered dose is excreted as the sum of the parent drug and the N- glucuronide conjugate. Renal clearance involves active tubular secretion moderated by pH dependent tubular reabsorption.

Pharmacokinetics in Specific Populations
PURPOSE:To obtain a cosmetic having a functional activity comparable to that of fibronectin and exhibiting excellent water-retention, safety, stability, skin-beautifying effect, hair-nourishing effect, etc., by bonding a peptide containing a specific peptide fragment to a polymer base through covalent bond. CONSTITUTION:The objective cosmetic contains a peptide-bonded polymer composed of (A) a polymer base consisting of a natural or synthetic polymeric substance and (B) a peptide containing a peptide fragment consisting of arginine- glycine-aspartic acid as a constituent unit and bonded to the component A through covalent bond. The component A is e.g. cellulose, dextran, polyester or fluororesin and the component B is preferably the peptide of formula. The objective polymer can be produced e.g. by bonding the component B to the OH group, amino group, etc., on the surface of the component A with a condensing agent such as a water-soluble carbodiimide.
PURPOSE: Targeted therapies have improved outcomes for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, but their impact is limited by rapid emergence of resistance. We hypothesized that an understanding of the underlying genetic mechanisms and intrinsic tumor features that mediate resistance to therapy will guide new therapeutic strategies and ultimately allow the prevention of resistance.
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We assembled a series of 52 patients with paired pretreatment and progression samples who received therapy targeting EGFR (n = 17), BRAF V600E (n = 17), KRAS G12C (n = 15), or amplified HER2 (n = 3) to identify molecular and clinical factors associated with time on treatment (TOT).
RESULTS: All patients stopped treatment for progression and TOT did not vary by oncogenic driver (P = 0.5). Baseline disease burden (≥3 vs. <3 sites, P = 0.02), the presence of hepatic metastases (P = 0.02), and gene amplification on baseline tissue (P = 0.03) were each associated with shorter TOT. We found evidence of chromosomal instability (CIN) at progression in patients with baseline MAPK pathway amplifications and those with acquired gene amplifications. At resistance, copy-number changes (P = 0.008) and high number (≥5) of acquired alterations (P = 0.04) were associated with shorter TOT. Patients with hepatic metastases demonstrated both higher number of emergent alterations at resistance and enrichment of mutations involving receptor tyrosine kinases.
CONCLUSIONS: Our genomic analysis suggests that high baseline CIN or effective induction of enhanced mutagenesis on targeted therapy underlies rapid progression. Longer response appears to result from a progressive acquisition of genomic or chromosomal instability in the underlying cancer or from the chance event of a new resistance alteration.