anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Spinal cord injuries cause irreversible loss of sensory and motor functions. In mammals, intrinsic and extrinsic inhibitions of neuronal regeneration obstruct neural repair after spinal cord injury. Although astrocytes have been involved in a growing list of vital homeostatic functions in the nervous system, their roles after injury have fascinated and puzzled scientists for decades. Astrocytes undergo long-lasting morphological and functional changes after injury, referred to as reactive astrogliosis. Although reactive astrogliosis is required to contain spinal cord lesions and restore the blood-spinal cord barrier, reactive astrocytes have detrimental effects that inhibit neuronal repair and remyelination. Intriguingly, elevated regenerative capacity is preserved in some non-mammalian vertebrates, where astrocyte-like glial cells display exclusively pro-regenerative effects after injury. A detailed molecular and phenotypic catalog of the continuum of astrocyte reactivity states is an essential first step toward the development of glial cell manipulations for spinal cord repair.
SODIUM CITRATE 4% W/V ANTICOAGULANT SOLUTION USP is designed to be metered by an apheresis device in apheresis procedures, to prevent platelet activation and coagulation as blood moves throughout the extracorporeal unit (tubing set) in an apheresis procedure.

The solution is sterile and non-pyrogenic, and it contains no bacteriostatic or antimicrobial agents. Sterilized with steam.

The formulas of the active ingredients are provided in Table 1.

Each 100 mL of SODIUM CITRATE 4% W/V ANTICOAGULANT SOLUTION USP contains: Sodium Citrate (dihydrate) 4.0 g; and Water for Injection to 100 mL (pH adjusted with citric acid). Approximate millimoles of sodium citrate: 13.8.

The polyolefin bag is not made with natural rubber latex.

The bag contains materials that have been tested to demonstrate the suitability of the container for storing pharmaceutical solutions. The bag is nontoxic and biologically inert. The bag-solution unit is a closed system and is not dependent upon entry of external air during administration. The bag is overwrapped to provide protection from the physical environment and to provide an additional moisture barrier when necessary.
In this prospective, randomized study the outcomes regarding echocardiographic indices of dyssynchrony in left bundle branch versus conventional right ventricular pacing in patients with atrioventricular node disease will be compared In recent years, His pacing has demonstrated better results regarding resynchronization compared to conventional biventricular pacing in trials of 3D mapping. However, technical difficulties that relate to unstable lead positioning or inability in succeeding low pacing threshold have led to low success rates. An alternative site of physiological pacing that could possibly overcome these issues, while maintaining ventricular synchrony is left bundle branch pacing. The lead implantation of LBB pacing is performed using the Select Secure (3830) pacing lead. The lead is screwed into the interventricular septum, until left bundle branch pacing is achieved. The randomized patients 24 hours after the procedure are echocardiographically evaluated and indices of mechanical dyssynchrony are recorded. Follow-up is conducted at 3 months, 6 months and one year post-procedure.
People with lower limb amputations often experience daily changes in the size (volume) of their residual limb. These daily changes can cause a prosthesis to fit poorly. They can also cause limb health problems including skin breakdown and injury to deeper tissues. Prosthetic socket systems that accommodate limb volume changes can help address these issues, but they require users to make adjustments throughout the day.

The objective of this research is to develop and test an automatically-adjusting prosthetic socket system for prosthesis users. The system integrates with a range of adjustable socket technologies, including those that are commercially available. The system allows small size adjustments for both tightening and loosening the socket. In early aims of the study, the prosthesis will be adjusted manually, but can be controlled remotely, eliminating the need to remove the prosthesis or bend down to make adjustments. The system will later be enhanced to automatically change the fit of an adjustable socket at the appropriate times, without distracting the user. We hypothesize that this system will help to maintain consistent limb fluid volume while the prosthesis user is wearing the socket and that socket fit will be improved. The system functions by continuously collecting measurements from sensors within the socket and uses small motors to control adjustable panels in the socket wall.
The active ingredient of FIRDAPSE is amifampridine phosphate, which is a voltage-gated potassium channel blocker. Amifampridine phosphate is described chemically as 3,4-diaminopyridine phosphate with a molecular weight of 207.1 and a molecular formula of C5H7N3 • H3PO4. The structural formula is: 

Amifampridine phosphate is a white, crystalline powder that is freely soluble in water, and slightly soluble in solvents ethanol, methanol and acetic acid. A 1% aqueous solution of amifampridine phosphate has a pH of 4.4 at ambient conditions. 

Each FIRDAPSE tablet contains 10 mg amifampridine (equivalent to 18.98 mg amifampridine phosphate). The tablet formulation includes the following inactive ingredients: calcium stearate, colloidal silicon dioxide, and microcrystalline cellulose. 

FIRDAPSE tablets are intended for oral administration only.
Social phobia, also known as social anxiety disorder, is a common, often debilitating condition. People with social phobia experience high levels of anxiety when they participate in social situations or perform in front of others. Approximately 80% of social phobia cases occur before the age of 18, and often precede other anxiety, mood, and substance abuse or dependence disorders. Physical symptoms typically accompany the intense anxiety caused by the disorder, and may include blushing, profuse sweating, trembling, nausea, and difficulty talking. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has been shown to be an effective treatment method for most people with social phobia. Approximately 30% of people with the disorder, however, do not respond to CBT treatment. A better understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying social phobia and CBT's effect on these mechanisms will help physicians to better predict the best treatment for different patients. This study will evaluate the effect of CBT on how the brain processes emotional and behavioral responses to social stimuli in people with social phobia.

Participants in this open-label study will be randomly assigned to either immediate or delayed treatment with CBT. Participants who are assigned to immediate CBT will attend 16 sessions of individual CBT immediately following baseline assessments. Participants assigned to the delayed treatment condition will begin attending CBT sessions approximately 5 months following baseline assessments. Outcomes will be assessed for all participants at baseline, immediately post-treatment, and at Months 5 and 10 post-treatment. An fMRI scan will be used to measure neural responses to social stimuli, and various questionnaires and scales will be used to assess anxiety symptom severity. Participants in the delayed treatment group will be assessed on one additional occasion before they begin treatment after the 5-month waiting period.
BACKGROUND: School pressure is a significant stressor in the lives of adolescents, recognised to be associated with psychosomatic complaints. Therefore, the exploration of potential buffering factors is a relevant task. This study aimed to examine the association between school pressure and psychosomatic complaints and the potentially moderating role of physical activity in a Swedish national sample of adolescents.
METHODS: Data were derived from the 2017/2018 Swedish Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey, involving 3,745 participants aged 11-15 years. School pressure and physical activity were measured using single items. Psychosomatic complaints were assessed through an additive index based on the frequency of eight complaints. Covariates included gender, grade, and family affluence.
RESULTS: Linear regression analyses demonstrated a positive graded association between school pressure and psychosomatic complaints, while an inversely graded association was observed between physical activity and psychosomatic complaints. Physical activity did, however, not moderate the link between school pressure and psychosomatic complaints.
CONCLUSION: Even though physical activity did not serve as a buffer, the direct effects of school pressure and physical activity on psychosomatic complaints suggest that supporting young people in managing school demands and promoting their engagement in physical activities could be effective measures in alleviating psychosomatic complaints.
A method for imaging expected results of a medical cosmetic treatment includes converting an input image of an anatomical feature into an input image vector. A direction vector corresponding to the medical cosmetic treatment is determined. An amplitude of the direction vector is determined. The direction vector is multiplied by the determined amplitude to obtain a product vector. The product vector is vector added to the input image vector. An output image corresponding to the expected visual appearance of the human anatomical feature is generated from the vector added product vector and input image vector. A computer program stored in a non-transitory computer readable medium causes a computer to perform the imaging method.
The present disclosure provides methods of mimicking epinephrine plasma pharmacokinetic parameters/plasma epinephrine levels of an at least one l-epinephrine injection in humans with an at least one intranasal dosage of an inhalable l-epinephrine formulation adapted for transmucosal absorption. Dosages for sublingual or buccal absorption and/or oral inhalation are also provided. These methods may be helpful when l-epinephrine injection is not available or not possible. The present disclosure also provides methods of pretreating breathing difficulty before intranasal treatment of anaphylaxis. The present disclosure allows formulations for intranasal administration of l-epinephrine to be conveniently carried by soldiers and others, such as in a remote location or battlefield, and such as when emergency medical services are not readily available or accessible. The methods may be able to sustain life and restore proper blood perfusion when someone is having cardiopulmonary difficulty until medical help or transport can arrive.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Massive palatal defects resulting from palatoplasty failures arising from cleft palate repair complications present ongoing challenges in clinical practice. The purpose of this review is to provide up-to-date insights into aetiology, risk factors, surgical techniques, and adjunctive therapies, aiming to enhance the understanding of such complex cases, and optimize patient outcomes.
RECENT FINDINGS: Primary palatoplasty has fistula recurrence rates ranging from 2.4% to 55%. Factors such as cleft width, surgical repair method, and patient characteristics, influence the likelihood of failure. Classifications such as the Pakistan Comprehensive Classification and Richardson's criteria aid in assessing defects. Surgical options range from local flaps and revision palatoplasty to regional flaps (e.g., buccinator myomucosal, facial artery-based flaps, tongue flaps, nasal septal flaps) to free microvascular flaps. Alternative approaches include obturator prostheses, and acellular dermal matrix has been used as an adjuvant to multiple repair techniques. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy has emerged as an adjunctive therapy to enhance tissue healing.
SUMMARY: This comprehensive review underscores the intricate challenges associated with massive palatal defects resulting from palatoplasty failures. The diverse range of surgical and nonsurgical options emphasizes the importance of patient-centric, individualized approaches. Practitioners, armed with evidence-based insights, can navigate these complexities, offering tailored interventions for improved patient outcomes.
Tracheal intubation is a core competence in anesthesia and emergency medicine. This complex medical procedure aims to preserve gas exchange in the lungs. Vital for that is a secured and patent airway as soon as spontaneous ventilation ceases under general anesthesia or in life-threatening conditions like (e.g, respiratory insufficiency or resuscitation). Failure in securing an airway can result in hypoxemia, leading to neurologic damage, cardiovascular complications, and death. Complex anatomic structures or abnormalities of the upper airway, as well as airway trauma, bear the risk of failed intubation and inability to ventilate the lungs, which furthermore may result in ventilation and oxygenation failure. Tracheal intubation\'s success highly depends on user experience and skills. Literature reports unexpected difficult intubations ranging from 5 to 10%, mostly corresponding to a Cormack/Lehane grade 3 or 4.4-7. Besides classic direct laryngoscopes and flexible optic endoscopes, video laryngoscopes with high-resolution video cameras placed at the tip of the devices facilitate tracheal intubation. Video laryngoscopy seems superior in normal and difficult intubation, as it improves the first-attempt success rate.

Complication rates and upper airway trauma after direct laryngoscopy with a Macintosh type blade in patients with normal airway have been reported up to 7%15. Video laryngoscopy reduces that relative high incidence Upper airway trauma is increased when physical force is used during laryngoscopy to improve limited view on the glottis16 or if more than two intubation attempts are needed. The newly developed larynGuide software is an artificially intelligent video laryngoscope monitoring system which provides information to the user on visible anatomy, next steps to advance the oro-tracheal intubation to completion, and to advise on un-safe or incorrect maneuvers \& interventions. As soon as the device places the scope into the trachea the provider slides the tracheal tube over the scope into the proper place of the trachea as usually done during flexible scope intubation.

Aimof this study is to determine the effects larynGuide has on tracheal intubation performance compared with standard of care video laryngoscopy.
Ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is the paradoxical consequence of the rapid restoration of blood flow to an ischaemic organ. Although reperfusion is essential for tissue survival in conditions such as myocardial infarction and stroke, the excessive production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon reperfusion initiates the oxidative damage that underlies IR injury, by causing cell death and inflammation. This ROS production is caused by an accumulation of the mitochondrial metabolite succinate during ischaemia, followed by its rapid oxidation upon reperfusion by succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), driving superoxide production at complex I by reverse electron transport. Inhibitors of SDH, such as malonate, show therapeutic potential by decreasing succinate oxidation and superoxide production upon reperfusion. To better understand the mechanism of mitochondrial ROS production upon reperfusion and to assess potential therapies, we set up an in vitro model of IR injury. For this, isolated mitochondria were incubated anoxically with succinate to mimic ischaemia and then rapidly reoxygenated to replicate reperfusion, driving a burst of ROS formation. Using this system, we assess the factors that contribute to the magnitude of mitochondrial ROS production in heart, brain, and kidney mitochondria, as well as screening for inhibitors of succinate oxidation with therapeutic potential.
In an oral (gavage) rat carcinogenicity study, imiquimod was administered to Wistar rats on a 2 times per week (up to 6 mg/kg/day) or daily (3 mg/kg/day) dosing schedule for 24 months. No treatment-related tumors were noted in the oral rat carcinogenicity study up to the highest doses tested in this study of 6 mg/kg administered 2 times per week in female rats (7.1 times the MRHD based on weekly AUC comparison), 4 mg/kg administered 2 times per week in male rats (6.1 times the MRHD based on weekly AUC comparison) or 3 mg/kg administered 7 times per week to male and female rats (12 times the MRHD based on weekly AUC comparison).

In a dermal mouse carcinogenicity study, imiquimod cream (up to 5 mg/kg/application imiquimod or 0.3% imiquimod cream) was applied to the backs of mice 3 times per week for 24 months. A statistically significant increase in the incidence of liver adenomas and carcinomas was noted in high dose male mice compared to control male mice (21 times the MRHD based on weekly AUC comparison). An increased number of skin papillomas was observed in vehicle cream control group animals at the treated site only.

Imiquimod revealed no evidence of mutagenic or clastogenic potential based on the results of five in vitro genotoxicity tests (Ames assay, mouse lymphoma L5178Y assay, Chinese hamster ovary cell chromosome aberration assay, human lymphocyte chromosome aberration assay and SHE cell transformation assay) and three in vivo genotoxicity tests (rat and hamster bone marrow cytogenetics assay and a mouse dominant lethal test).

Daily oral administration of imiquimod to rats, throughout mating, gestation, parturition and lactation, demonstrated no effects on growth, fertility or reproduction, at doses up to 25 times the MRHD based on AUC comparison.
The invention discloses a medicine composition used for treating urinary system infection. The medicine composition is prepared from fringed pind herb and common knotgrass herb according to a certain weight ratio. The medicine composition can be prepared into any oral preparation. The medicine composition provided by the invention has functions of heat clearing, dampness eliminating, and stranguria dredging. The medicine composition also provides a diuretic function. The medicine composition provides a fast effect and a high recovery rate in treating urinary system infections.
AIMS: To investigate the efficacy of the integrated data platform of cloud hospital combined with dietary management for adults with type 2 diabetes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a randomized controlled clinical trial. One hundred eighty patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly allocated into a control group (Group A) and an experimental group (Group B). Routine standard diabetes care was applied to the patients in Group A. The integrated data platform with dietary management was applied to Group B. Individualized diabetes education videos were sent to the patients through the platform. The primary endpoint was the change in HbA1c and change in body weight from baseline to Week 12 during the follow-up.
RESULTS: At Week 12, HbA1c was 7.4 ± 0.7%, 6.9 ± 0.9% in Groups A and B, P < 0.01. The rate of fasting blood glucose <7 mmol/L, and glycosylated hemoglobin <7% was higher in Group B than in Group A. At Week 12, there was a significant weight loss and body mass index decrease in the overweight or obese patients of the experimental group. Those overweight or obese patients in the experimental group utilizing the appetite suppressant semaglutide achieved the most significant weight loss, with a 13.4% reduction after 12 weeks.
CONCLUSIONS: The integrated data platform combined with personalized diabetes education video delivery was verified to be a more effective management mode for diabetes. For overweight or obese adults with diabetes, the use of semaglutide in conjunction with dietary management and the integrated data platform led to greater weight loss.
Mammary Paget disease is a rare form of breast cancer, which typically presents as an eczematous plaque on the nipple or surrounding skin. It is often a clinical diagnosis that is confirmed with skin biopsy. Histologic hallmarks of mammary Paget disease include large, pleomorphic, malignant, ductal epithelial cells within the epidermis. Chronic lichenoid inflammation may be seen in the papillary dermis but is not diagnostic. Because mammary Paget disease often overlies ductal carcinoma in situ or invasive carcinoma of the breast, prompt bilateral mammography is warranted. We report a case of Paget disease of the nipple with negative breast imaging that was originally misdiagnosed due to a dense lichenoid infiltrate obscuring the neoplasm.
The present invention discloses health-care bee glue soap which is composed of the following components of the proportion by weight: 92 to 95 portions of neat soap, 0.5 to 2 portions of bee glue, 1 to 5 portions of honey, 0.15 to 0.6 portion of belvedere fruit, 0.1 to 0.7 portion of densefruit pittany root-bark, 0.05 to 0.2 portion of scorpion and 0.01 to 0.04 portion of essence. Important components contained in the health-care bee glue soap can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria, which has the effects of beautification and health care on the skin. The bee glue has broad-spectrum effects of resisting bacteria and relieving inflammation, and after the components are combined, the effects of the components generate a synergistic effect. Thus, the health-care bee glue soap can be used for effectively cleaning the skin, which has protective effect on the skin. The health-care bee glue soap has the advantages of low cost and safe use, and can also be used by people having hypersensitivity skin. Traditional Chinese medicine components are used, and the health-care bee glue soap has the effect of resisting anaphylaxis. The present invention has the advantages of simple processing and producing technology, short process, easy acquirement of component sources and wide market prospect.