anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Obesity is a complex chronic disease with increasing prevalence across the globe. Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is an important component of obesity treatment, and low-calorie diets (LCDs) and very-low-calorie diets (VLCDs) are part of the MNT toolbox. This narrative review focuses on the latest evidence and clinical guidelines regarding the use and impact of meal replacements (MRs) as part of LCDs/VLCDs for the treatment of obesity and some associated complications. MRs can be used in conjunction with food as partial diet replacement (PDR) or can be used exclusively to serve as the sole source of dietary energy (total diet replacement [TDR]). Use of MR may be associated with better control of cravings and hunger typically observed during reduced calorie intake through effects of ketosis or stimuli narrowing, although the exact mechanisms for these effects remain unclear. Several clinical guidelines have endorsed the use of MRs as a part of MNT for obesity, primarily based on evidence that shows an average weight reduction of ~10 kg or more with TDR over at least 12 months in large, randomized controlled trials. When compared to usual care controls, these effects are 6-8 kg greater, and when compared to food-based diets, the effects are nearly twice the effect of a food-based diet. MR-based diets have been found to be safe and associated with improvements in quality of life. These diets are also effective for improving key cardiometabolic health outcomes, including dysglycaemia, blood pressure, lipids, and metabolic associated fatty liver. The effectiveness, safety, and associated health improvement makes MRs use a valuable strategy for several higher risk clinical scenarios where weight reduction is indicated.
Symptoms following acute NSAIDs overdoses are usually limited to lethargy, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and epigastric pain, which are generally reversible with supportive care. Gastrointestinal bleeding can occur. Hypertension, acute renal failure, respiratory depression and coma may occur, but are rare. Anaphylactoid reactions have been reported with therapeutic ingestion of NSAIDs, and may occur following an overdose.

Patients should be managed by symptomatic and supportive care following a NSAIDs overdose. There are no specific antidotes. Emesis and/or activated charcoal (60 g to 100 g in adults, 1 g/kg to 2 g/kg in children) and/or osmotic cathartic may be indicated in patients seen within 4 hours of ingestion with symptoms or following a large oral overdose (5 to 10 times the usual dose).

In controlled overdosage, daily doses of 360 mg of ketorolac tromethamine injection given for 5 days (three times the highest recommended dose), caused abdominal pain and peptic ulcers which healed after discontinuation of dosing. Metabolic acidosis has been reported following intentional overdosage.

Single overdoses of ketorolac tromethamine have been variously associated with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, hyperventilation, peptic ulcers and/or erosive gastritis and renal dysfunction which have resolved after discontinuation of dosing. Dialysis does not significantly clear ketorolac tromethamine from the blood stream.
NEW MATERIAL:Sarcoursodeoxycholic acid of the formula. USE:A gallstone-dissolving agent. PREPARATION:For example, a small amount of tri-n-butylamine is added to dioxane and ursodeoxycholic acid is dissolved in the solution. The mixture is cooled and ethyl chlorocarbonate is added thereto. Then, an alkaline solution of sarcosine is added to the resultant solution under stirring, then water is added and they are concentrated under reduced pressure to give a syrup. The syrup is dissolved in water then hydrochloric acid is added to deposit a viscous precipitate. The precipitate is crystallized out of ethyl acetate.
Lagricel® Ofteno PF, multidose presentation (sodium hyaluronate 0.4%) Ophthalmic Solution. One drop QID, both eyes (OU) for 14 days.
Among the devastating illnesses impacting rural America, few exact the physical, social, psychological, and economic toll of lung cancer. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in rural America, and the levy is particularly acute in Kentucky - a state that not only leads the nation in lung cancer incidence and mortality but is a global epicenter of lung cancer. Despite the prevailing nihilism regarding lung cancer care, lung cancer survivors are living longer. Innovations in prevention, early detection, and treatment, have created substantial optimism and opportunities for long-term lung cancer survivorship. These dramatic changes in the lung cancer care landscape have invigorated the need for quality lung cancer survivorship interventions. The overarching goal of the Kentucky LEADS Collaborative Lung Cancer Survivorship Care program is to reduce the burden of lung cancer by offering an innovative survivorship care approach that improves lung cancer quality of life, overcomes lung cancer stigma, and helps survivors engage with care. Using a novel precision survivorship approach and developed in collaboration with rural community stakeholders, the program's foundation incorporates principles of patient-centered care, shared decision making, and motivational interviewing to build survivor engagement. A large acceptability and feasibility trial conducted in collaboration with nine lung cancer care facilities in Kentucky with lung cancer survivors (N=140) demonstrated the acceptability of the intervention among survivors, caregivers, and lung cancer care clinicians. The study also revealed the feasibility of conducting the proposed study methods in rural cancer care facilities. The project continues this program of research by conducting a two-group parallel randomized clinical trial comparing the impact of the Kentucky LEADS Collaborative Lung Cancer Survivorship Care program (KLCLCSC) among lung cancer survivors (N=300) against an enhanced usual care condition (bibliotherapy+assessment) on quality of life outcomes. Rural-residing lung cancer survivors will be recruited from ten oncology care facilities throughout Kentucky. The project's first aim compares the efficacy of the interventions with regard to lung cancer quality of life among survivors as measured by the FACT-L and other rigorous assessments of patient engagement, symptom burden, psychosocial well-being, and behavior change. The project's second aim evaluates the moderating impact of including caregivers as intervention partners on survivor quality of life outcomes. A third aim evaluates the cost-effectiveness of the KLCLCSC intervention in comparison to the enhanced usual care condition. Based on highly encouraging pilot data collected in collaboration with oncology care programs in Kentucky, this research holds credible potential to establish a new paradigm for addressing the challenges associated with lung cancer and for delivering quality survivorship care to rural-residing, economically distressed lung cancer survivors.
A 7-week core stabilization exercise with abdominal drawing-in maneuver technique consist of 2 stages including the first stage (week 1-2) and the second stage (week 3-7) consisting of exercise program for 20-min sessions, with 3 sessions per week for 7 weeks. These exercise program will be provided to the participants via a weekly videocall with the main researcher as a telerehabilitation program.
Participants randomized to this condition will complete six sessions during which they will write about their day, without describing emotions or opinions. Previous research has shown a significant reduction of symptoms with this type of control writing condition in participants with PTSD (Sloan et al., 2011). A researcher will review the writing to ensure compliance.
This study focuses on patients diagnosed with gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma (G-NEC) who have undergone radical surgery. The cohort includes adult patients (≥18 years) treated at 38 tertiary hospitals in China between January 2006 and December 2020. Patients are divided into three groups based on their postoperative adjuvant treatment: no adjuvant chemotherapy, etoposide and platinum derivatives-based chemotherapy, and fluorouracil-based chemotherapy. The study aims to develop and validate a machine learning-based decision support model to optimize individualized adjuvant therapy strategies for G-NEC patients, with the primary outcome being disease-free survival (DFS).
The present invention relates to an anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin whitening composition. According to the present invention, astragaloside II inhibits generation of free radicals and thus has an anti-oxidant effect. In addition, astragaloside II inhibits NO generation and thus has an anti-inflammatory effect. Astragaloside II inhibits synthesis of melanin and thus has a skin whitening effect. Therefore, the composition can be used as a pharmaceutical composition, an external use skin formulation, a cosmetic composition, or health food. The composition includes a compound represented by chemical formula 1 as an active ingredient.
IOS is a simple, non-invasive method requiring only passive patient cooperation without special manoeuvre for evaluation of lung function through the measurement of both airway resistance and airway reactance. The pressure-flow oscillations are applied at the mouth superimposed on the subject's tidal breaths to measure respiratory system resistance and reactance at different oscillation frequencies. It uses sound waves to rapidly detect airway changes. When analysed, these pressure signals separately quantify the degree of obstruction in the central and peripheral airways. In IOS, it enables measurement of total respiratory resistance (R5) and proximal respiratory resistance (R20), with the R5-R20 difference reflecting small airway resistance. Small airway disease is significance if R5-R20 \> 0.71 cmH2O/L/sec.

Treatment of COPD requires combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. In non-pharmacological treatment, chest physiotherapy and pulmonary rehabilitation is the cornerstone of management of COPD patients. It can result in improvement of symptoms, increased exercise capacity, and improvement in lung functions. By early detection of SAD in COPD, it enables the physician to offer patients with a more targeted approach therapy, for example the use of small particle size inhalers or mechanical intervention for example oscillating positive expiratory device (OPEP), such as Aerobika®.
The combination of gallic acid, ellagic acid, and rubusoside was shown to inhibit angiogenesis by inhibition of pro-angiogenic factors. These three compounds were shown to be absorbed from the intestine making the compounds orally bioavailable. The ratio of the three compounds in the composition was a weight ratio of approximately 1:1.7:17.0 of gallic acid, ellagic acid, and rubusoside, respectively, resulting in a composition with 5% w/w gallic acid, 9% w/w ellagic acid, and 86% w/w rubusoside. This combination was also shown to reduce weight gain, fat accumulation, and serum cholesterol in mammals fed a high fat diet. It also reduced serum triglycerides and tended to reduce blood glucose in mammals on both normal and high fat diets. This three-compound composition (“GER”) can be used to treat diseases associated with angiogenesis and to decrease effects of a high fat diet.
INTRODUCTION: Biliary complications (BCs) are a well-documented post-liver transplantation concern with potential implications for patient survival. This study aims at identifying risk factors associated with the development of BCs in recipients after liver transplantation (LT) and exploring strategies for their management.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 1595 adult patients (age > 18 years) who underwent LT surgery between 2019 and 2021. The study assessed the incidence of BCs in this cohort.
RESULTS: Of 1595 patients, 178 (11.1%) experienced BCs, while 1417 (88.8%) did not exhibit any signs of such complications. Patients who developed BCs were found to have a significantly lower average age (p < 0.001) and longer cold ischemic times (p < 0.001) compared to those without BCs. Variables such as sex, body mass index (BMI), model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, primary diagnosis, type of anastomosis, hepatectomy technique, type of transplanted liver and mortality did not demonstrate statistically significant differences between the two groups (p > 0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a cold ischemic time exceeding 12 hours and duct-to-duct anastomosis were positive predictors for BC development (odds ratios of 6.23 [CI 4.29-9.02] and 1.47 [CI 0.94-2.30], respectively). Conversely, increasing age was associated with a protective effect against BC development, with an odds ratio of 0.64 (CI 0.46-0.89).
CONCLUSION: Our multi-variate analysis identified cold ischemia time (CIT) as the sole significant predictor of post-liver transplantation biliary complications. Additionally, this study observed that advancing patient age had a protective influence in this context. Notably, no significant disparities were detected between hepatectomy techniques and the etiology of liver disease types in the two study groups.
The present invention relates to a preparation technology and a production method for an integrated new formulation of a sun spurge decoction, wherein the raw materials of active ingredients comprise: 10 parts by weight of pinellia ternate, 10 parts by weight of Chinese sage herb, 6 parts by weight of sun spurge, 6 parts by weight of ginger, 10 parts by weight of cynanchum root and rhizome, 6 parts by weight of licorice, 6 parts by weight of radix scutellariae, 6 parts by weight of ginseng, and 6 parts by weight of cinnamon twig. The production process of the integrated new formulation of sun spurge decoction comprises the following steps of: supersonic air-jet crushing, alcohol-water extraction, ultrasonic crushing extraction, water decocting concentration, supersonic spray drying, nanometer grinding, high pressure homogenization, nano particle preparation and the like. According to the invention, the advantages, such as multi-synergism, multi-target, embodied by a nano-carrier coupling technique, are focused to be taken of. After the integrated new formulation of sun spurge decoction is subjected to scale production, the production cost can be greatly reduced, the quality of products is greatly improved and the targeting property and the sustained and controlled release performance of the medicament are enhanced. The internal and external administration of the integrated new formulation of sun spurge decoction can be realized simultaneously, and can be respectively taken in four time slices according to midnight-noon ebb-flow and qi and blood flowing rule of a human body. The integrated new formulation of sun spurge decoction can be further prepared into films and transdermal agents which are respectively stuck to different parts of a human body according to the midnight-noon ebb-flow and qi and blood flowing rule of the human body and can be directly absorbed through skin.
A composition comprising sulphobutyl ether β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD) wherein the average degree of substitution (ADS) is 7.3 or more and wherein the composition comprises a range of individual degrees of substitution. Preferably, the ADS is 8 or more. Also disclosed is a composition comprising sulphobutyl ether β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD) wherein the average degree of substitution (ADS) is 9 or more. The sulphobutyl ether β-cyclodextrin may be prepared under continuous flow conditions. Preferably, the average degree of substitution of the cyclodextrin derivative is determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with evaporative light scattering (ELSD). The sulphobutyl ether β-cyclodextrin composition may be used as a drug delivery system or a pharmaceutical excipient. A method of preparing a pharmaceutical composition is also claimed, comprising contacting the sulphobutyl ether β-cyclodextrin with an active pharmaceutical ingredient.
BACKGROUND: Caffeine has been reported to increase gastrointestinal motility and change intestinal microbiota. Constipation may be caused by colonic motor dysfunction and colonic microbiomeis disturbances. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between caffeine intake and constipation.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Caffeine intake was assessed using 24-h dietary recall method, and constipation was defined based on stool consistency or stool frequency. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between caffeine intake and constipation, and results were expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Subgroup analysis was performed based on age.
RESULTS: A total of 13,816 participants were finally included for analysis. After adjusting potential confounders, high intake of caffeine was found to be associated with the low odds of constipation (Q3: OR = 0.60, 95%CI: 0.49-0.74; Q4: OR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.59-0.99; Q5: OR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.56-0.92). The similar association was found in young people and middle-age people (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: High caffeine intake was associated with the low odds of constipation. Our finding indicated that individuals should develop consciousness and habit of consuming caffeinated foods and drinks to prevent and relief the constipation.
See prescribing information of intravenous metoprolol for dosage instructions for intravenous therapy.

In patients who tolerate the full intravenous dose, initiate Lopressor tablets, 50 mg every 6 hours, 15 minutes after the last intravenous dose of metoprolol and continue for 48 hours. In the case of intolerance, reduce dose to 25 mg and administer for 48 hours. Titrate, based on tolerability, to a maintenance dosage of 100 mg twice daily. Continue therapy for at least 3 months. Although the efficacy of Lopressor beyond 3 months has not been conclusively established, data from studies with other beta-blockers suggest that treatment should be continued for 1 to 3 years.
The invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicine, in particular to medicine for treating cow mastitis and a preparation method, detecting method and application of the medicine. The medicine is prepared from, by weight, 1-2 parts of vitis coignetiae, 1-2 parts of panicum repens and 0.5-1 part of purslane. The medicine is prepared into tablets, pills, hard capsules, soft capsules and granules. The preparation method comprises the steps that dry vitis coignetiae, panicum repens and purslane are soaked for one hour by adding 11 times amount of water for the first time, decoction is carried out for one hour, decoction is carried out for one hour by adding 4 times amount of water for the second time, water decoction is mixed and filtered, filter liquor is concentrated, dried and smashed to fine powder, and the fine powder is sieved, evenly mixed and prepared into powder. According to the chromatographic condition of the quality detection method of the medicine, a Hypersil Ds chromatographic column is adopted; a methyl alcohol-0.15% phosphoric acid solution with the ratio of 30 to 70 serves as a mobile phase; the detecting wavelength is 200 nm; the column temperature is 20 DEG C; the flow speed is 1.0 mL.min-1; the sample volume is 10 microliters. The medicine is reasonable in component and remarkable in treatment effect.
Patients receive fluorodeoxyglucose F-18 IV over 1 minute and then undergo PET/CT scans over 30 minutes at 1 hour, 4-5 hours, and 7-8 hours after injection. Patients also undergo a standard of care MRI scan over 45 minutes if not already completed as part of standard of care.
BACKGROUND: Tissue-invasive end-organ disease (EOD) caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV) is less frequently reported in immunocompetent patients compared to immunocompromised patients. In this study, we investigated the association between CMV viremia and CMV end-organ disease in immunocompetent patients.
METHODS: Adult patients (≥18 years old) with CMV viremia were screened from January 2010 to June 2022. The primary outcome was the presence of CMV EOD. Risk factors associated with CMV EOD were analyzed, and a receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to determine the most accurate cutoff value of the CMV titer for the prediction of CMV EOD.
RESULTS: Among the 106 immunocompetent patients with CMV viremia, 31 exhibited CMV EOD. Gastrointestinal tract disease was the most common. The log10 value of the CMV titer was significantly associated with the occurrence of CMV EOD in immunocompetent patients with CMV viremia. The optimal cut-off CMV titer for the prediction of CMV EOD was 749 IU/mL.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests the potential association between high CMV titers and the development of CMV end-organ diseases and describes the diagnostic performance and utility of quantitative PCR as a surrogate marker for predicting the occurrence of CMV EOD in immunocompetent patients.
Erythrocytes are impressive tools for drug delivery, especially to macrophages. Therefore, berberine was loaded into erythrocytes using both hypotonic pre-swelling and endocytosis methods to target macrophages. Physicochemical and kinetic parameters of the resulting carrier cells, such as drug loading/release kinetics, osmotic fragility, and hematological indices, were determined. Drug loading was optimized for the study using Taguchi experimental design and lab experiments. Loaded erythrocytes were targeted to macrophages using ZnCl2 and bis-sulfosuccinimidyl-suberate, and targeting was evaluated using flow cytometry and Wright-Giemsa staining. Differentiated macrophages were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, and the inflammatory profiles of macrophages were evaluated using ELISA, western blotting, and real-time PCR. Findings indicated that the endocytosis method is preferred due to its low impact on the erythrocyte's structural integrity. Maximum loading achieved (1386.68 ± 22.43 μg/ml) at 1500 μg/ml berberine treatment at 37 °C for 2 h. Berberine successfully inhibited NF-κB translation in macrophages, and inflammatory response markers such as IL-1β, IL-8, IL-23, and TNF-α were decreased by approximately ninefold, sixfold, twofold, eightfold, and twofold, respectively, compared to the LPS-treated macrophages. It was concluded that berberine-loaded erythrocytes can effectively target macrophages and modulate the inflammatory response.
Patients will be placed on guideline-based diuretic dosing consistent with usual practice. The initial dose will be two times their home dose and will be subsequently adjusted by the treating team based on renal function and symptom severity. The treating team can increase or decrease the frequency and dose of diuretic based on urine output and clinical assessment. Patients in this arm also have urine collected 3 times per day by the bedside nurse to mirror the intervention arm.
The invention relates to a sustained release microsphere containing exendin-4, prepared by using emulsion-crosslinking technology. The sustained release microsphere has a W/O/W structure, wherein, the inner water phase contains exendin-4 as the main drug, the medium oil phase contains polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA), and the outer water phase contains polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The obtained microsphere has a smooth surface, the particle size of the microsphere is between 40-100 mu m, and the drug-loading rate of the microsphere is between 0.4-0.8 %. The invention also relates to an injection prepared from the sustained release microsphere. The invention further relates to a preparation method of the sustained release microsphere. The sustained release microsphere has the advantages of high drug-loading rate, high entrapment rate, stable releasing rate, long continuous release time (more than 4 weeks), biodegradable property and the like, so that the administration frequency can be reduced obviously, and surgical implantation and removal before and after administration are avoided, thus the invention is benefit for clinic application, greatly improves patient compliance. According to the invention, the therapeutic effect of long-acting anti-diabetes is achieved.