anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The specific aim of this study is to evaluate if an inexpensive and disposable end-expiratory pressure device can prevent acute mountain sickness (AMS). AMS is a common disorder found in 25-75% of hikers and trekkers in N. America and Europe who expediently ascend high altitude (\>8,000 ft). This environmental malady is insidious in onset and prevention is necessary not just to limit progression to severe or fatal disease, but also to limit physiologic deterioration in those who seek enjoyment or employment at high altitudes. One of the hallmarks of both healthy and sick individuals sleeping at high altitude is an oscillating pattern of respiration marked by periods of hyperventilation alternating with apnea or hypopnea. This distressing "periodic breathing" pattern leads to a feeling of suffocation, prevents restful sleep, and the hypoxic events may well worsen ensuing AMS. Prior studies have found positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) an effective non-pharmacologic method to prevent nocturnal desaturations and decreasing both AMS incidence and severity.

Traditionally, PEEP devices are cumbersome and expensive, and while showing promising efficacy, are limited by both cost and portability as a useful non-pharmacologic option for AMS prophylaxis. The SLEEP-AID methodology is designed to prospectively enroll participants, randomized in a double blind placebo-controlled fashion to either the intervention \[Theravent (Ventus Medical) which is single use, inexpensive, and very small\] or a visually identical "sham" placebo group, and gather physiologic data to accurately reflect sleep patterns of high altitude travelers and objective as well as subjective outcomes of the intervention. The benefit of this approach will be to provide definitive data in a large and diverse cross section of a real hiking population that is generalizable to the majority of tens of millions of hikers, climbers, and high altitude tourists in the United States, Europe, Asia, and South America.
The Blood samples will be drawn from the participants on 8-10. days of the menstrual cycle of each of these 36 participants. PRF will be obtained from the blood taken these days.
The burden of breast cancer incidence and mortality is rapidly growing during the past two decades in China. Screening has been proven to be effective in detecting early-stage disease and reducing mortality of 10% to 39% due to breast cancer. US is used as a primary screening method among Chinese women because Asian women characteristically have higher-density breasts than other ethnic groups. However, US is dependent on operator experience, lack of standardized scanning protocols, limited ultrasound physician and heavy workloads. In order to improve the efficiency and quality of breast cancer screening among Chinese women, a new remote screening pattern based on AB US was proposed and studied for breast cancer in China. This multi-center, prospective, cohort study aims to evaluate the efficiency of breast cancer screening based on AB US with remote reading mode. In addition, we will also explore the practice value of AI on AB US screening and efficient image acquiring and reading modes of AB US.
The most serious possible side effects of ribavirin tablets are:

  * Harm to unborn children. Ribavirin tablets may cause birth defects or death of an unborn child. (For more details, see " What is the most important information I should know about ribavirin tablets? ")
  * Anemia. Anemia is a reduction in the number of red blood cells you have. Anemia can be dangerous, especially if you have heart or breathing problems. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you feel tired, have chest pain or shortness of breath. These may be signs of low red blood cell counts.
  * Liver Problems. Some patients may develop worsening of liver function. Some of the symptoms may include stomach bloating, confusion, brown urine, and yellow eyes. Tell your healthcare provider immediately if any of these symptoms occur.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a body smell-preventing agent which can be applied to a part of the skin sensitive to irritation and exhibits higher effects.  <P>SOLUTION: This body smell-preventing agent comprises lysozyme as an effective ingredient for body smell-preventing effects. Otherwise, the body smell-preventing agent comprises at least lysozyme and vitamin E and/or a derivative thereof. The compounded amount of the vitamin E and/or the derivative thereof is 0.0001-0.5 wt%. The lysozyme is compounded in an amount of 0.001-2.0 wt% when 150 mg (strength value) of lysozyme chloride is used, and in an amount obtained by conversion based on lysozyme chloride when lysozyme having a different strength from that of lysozyme chloride is employed. As a stabilizer for stabilizing enzyme activities of lysozyme, an α-hydroxy acid is incorporated. The compounded amount of the α-hydroxy acid is 0.0001-1.0 wt%. The α-hydroxy acid is preferably citric acid.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Subjects randomized to the intervention arm will receive a dose equivalent to 80 ppm iNO in air using an INOpulse delivery system for 24 hours per day for a minimum of two days and until clinical improvement (coma recovery), death or a maximum of 5 days. Oxygen saturation will be maintained above 94% by adding oxygen to inspired gas via a loose fitting mask when necessary.
The usual care/control arm will receive mailed information on the quitline and a connection to the quitline at their request. Follow-up will be at six and twelve months, including saliva cotinine validation for reported 7-day cessation.
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging examination of liver will be performed on a 3.0T Achieva MR scanner (Philips Medical Systems, The Netherlands). Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) will be performed using a single-shot echo-planar imaging during a single end expiratory breath-hold. A single observer placed circular regions of interest around 2.30 cm2 to measure mean signal intensity (SI) in the right hepatic lobe and the spleen for each b value, avoiding areas of artifact, vessels, and focal lesions. A monoexponential fit will be performed to calculate liver and spleen apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on the basis of ln(SI) as a function of b value, using all b values. Normalized liver ADC will be calculated as the ratio of liver ADC to spleen ADC.
INTRODUCTION: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are now well-established tools to evaluate the quality of patient-centred care. Due to the multi-faceted and multi-disciplinary nature of the practice of burn care, as well as the range of significant potential sequelae, PROM's should form a fundamental component of burn quality improvement programs. We aim to 1. Explore biological, psychological, and social considerations that are currently listed in burn-specific PROM tools, as well as their efficacy, 2. Evaluate biological, psychological, and social factors that are considered in new burn-specific PROM tools or those under development, and 3. Identify any opportunities with respect to burn-specific PROM tools, in order to inform future investigation in this area.
METHODS: A search was performed of MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library databases. Two independent reviewers screened article titles/abstracts and then the full texts using Covidence. All studies were graded independently according to the Quality Rating Scheme for Studies and Other Evidences.
RESULTS: The initial search yielded 552 references. Based on ab initio inclusion and exclusion criteria, 133 full-text studies were assessed for eligibility, and 21 articles were ultimately included in the systematic review. Due to study heterogeneity, a qualitative synthesis was conducted. Existing burn-specific PROMs covered a range of biological, psychological, and social factors affecting adult and paediatric patients with burn injury, but several studies required additional PROMs for a thorough evaluation. Burn-specific PROM tools under development are poised to fill this deficit.
CONCLUSION: Major burn injuries are a unique form of trauma, requiring coordinated management that considers numerous factors not relevant to other patient populations. Further research is necessary to validate existing burn-specific PROM tools and to develop more comprehensive burn-specific PROM measures that more comprehensively incorporate the bio-psycho-social model of health.
A subgroup of B1 patients who convert to consistently poor qPCR scores during the study (conversion) will be randomized into Arm B2 and receive intervention: 750 mg metronidazole/ 200 mg miconazole vaginal suppository daily for 7 days. These patients will continue monthly visits and daily self swabs. B2 patients who recur with symptomatic BV will be dropped from the study and given other options for therapy.
Sham cryoneurolysis of the 2nd-6th thoracic intercostal nerves will be applied on the ipsilateral surgical side (bilaterally for bilateral surgical procedures): for each nerve the cryoneurolysis device will be triggered using 2 cycles of 2-minute gas activation separated by 1-minute defrost periods (Epimed) or 1 cycle of 5.5 minutes \[all but 4 participants: 064-067\] or 3 minutes \[only 4 participants 064-067; change based on new laboratory data, then changed back based on inadequate freeze\] of argon and 30 seconds of helium (Varian). However, for sham probes, the gas is not deployed to the tip and therefore there is no drop in temperature resulting in cryoneurolysis.
Rationale: Historically, when coronary stents were initially introduced, the standard and mandatory treatment of a significant stenosis was with pre-dilation prior to stent placement. In the 2000s, several studies found no significant difference in clinical outcome between the two different stent implantation techniques: direct stenting (DS) versus the conventional stenting after pre-dilation (CS). Consequently, the stent implantation technique has become "unprotocolarised", i.e. each operator has their own, individual set of reasons for applying or avoiding pre- and post-dilation in specific conditions. However, these trials do not apply to the current/modern clinical practice of coronary stenting. The current patient population undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) cannot be compared to the population that was treated in the early 2000s. The same applies for stent design. Stents have undergone several major transformations in the last 20 years. Furthermore, the events rates after PCI have significantly decreased within the last decades due to better stent design and improved background pharmacological therapy.

Imaging studies have revealed that an optimal stent result is not achieved in a high percentage of stent implantations. Post-hoc studies have demonstrated that the optimization of the implantation technique could reduce adverse cardiac events over time. As a result of these findings, the PSP concept: Pre-dilation, Sizing and Post-dilation was introduced. Whether routine pre- and postdilatation compared to DS also results in optimal stent implantation in contemporary drug-eluting stents (DES) has not been investigated and, hence is currently unknown.

Objective: The primary objective is to evaluate whether a standard pre- and postdilatation (PSP strategy) of the modern DES results in a more optimal stent implantation compared to DS as evaluated by OCT in patients with stable coronary artery disease. The secondary clinical objective is to evaluate clinical cardiovascular outcomes in patients with stable coronary artery disease treated with the PSP strategy.
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a group of autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system primarily characterized with recurrent optic neuritis and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, leading to blindness and paralysis. Incremental disability due to clinical attacks make it essential to prevent relapses with immunosuppressive therapy. Since the serological pathogenic marker anti-aquaporin 4 immunoglobulin G (anti-AQP4 IgG) has been identified, NMOSD has unveiled its autoimmune features with close connections to B cell-mediated humoral immunity. Rituximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody directly against human CD20 molecular on the surface of B cells, has been reported to deplete peripheral CD20+ B cells and to be highly effective for treating NMOSD, and therefore been recommended as first-line therapy for this disorder. Unfortunately, there are still no consensus statements on dosing and follow-up regimens, which needs investigations to explore the efficacy and safety of different rituximab strategies. Previous studies have provided pilot evidence supporting the use of low-dose rituximab in preventing relapses in Chinese patients with NMO/NMOSD, however, prospective multicenter studies are still needed to determine the effectiveness of the modified strategy in treating NMOSD.
PURPOSE: Previous studies have shown an association between chronic pain and the occurrence of falls in community-dwelling older adults; however, the association between chronic pain and fall-related injuries in older adults with disabilities is unclear. This study aimed to determine the association between chronic pain and fall-related injuries in older adults with disabilities.
METHODS: This 24-month prospective cohort study included older adults aged 65 years or older using Japanese long-term care insurance services. Chronic pain, defined as "pain that has persisted for more than three months to date," was assessed using a face-to-face questionnaire. Fall-related injuries, defined as "injuries requiring hospitalization or outpatient treatment due to a fall," were assessed using a fall calendar. Data were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model, with fall-related injury as the dependent variable, chronic pain as the independent variable, and confounders as covariates.
RESULTS: Among 133 included participants, 15 experienced fall-related injuries. After adjusting for age and sex as covariates, chronic pain was significantly associated with fall-related injuries (hazard ratio: 5.487, 95% confidence interval: 1.211-24.853, p = 0.027).
CONCLUSIONS: Chronic pain was associated with fall-related injuries in older adults with disabilities. In this population, a greater focus should be placed on treating chronic pain to reduce the occurrence of falls.
This arm is completely no intervention, and is ONLY for healthy volunteers. We are testing healthy volunteers of the same age to give us an estimate of order effects to help us correct for better performance in the 2nd session due simply to taking the same tests twice (note: the tests are Version A and B).
Despite the presence of ample evidence, that stigma is one of the major reasons for low screening coverage, Nepal does not have a single stigma reduction intervention targeted among women to increase cervical cancer screening coverage. Therefore, we aim to assess the effectiveness of a stigma reduction education program on stigma score and cervical cancer screening uptake in Nepal. We will conduct a two-arm open-label cluster-interventional study in Budanilkhantha Municipality. A computer-based program will randomly allocate the 12 wards of Budanilkhantha Municipality with an allocation ratio 1:1; 6 wards in intervention group and 6 wards in control group. We will conduct a "stigma reduction education program" in the intervention group. After that we will follow up the participants for2 months to see the effectiveness of a stigma reduction education program on stigma score and cervical cancer screening uptake in Nepal. We will analyze data using STATA 14. We will use independent tests to find the mean difference between cervical cancer screening uptake and cervical cancer stigma score. The difference in mean among the two groups will actually be the difference due to intervention given. Findings from this study will help managers and stakeholders to formulate and improve strategies on screening programs and develop programs to reduce stigma on cervical cancer among women in Nepal.
The study will include dose escalation (Part A) and dose expansion (Part B), with multiple disease-specific cohorts and a biology cohort in dose expansion. The biology cohort will require additional biopsies. At the completion of dose escalation, up to 5 disease specific expansion cohorts and 1 biology expansion cohort may be activated by the sponsor in consultation with the Safety Monitoring Committee (SMC). Expansion cohorts in Part B will enroll subjects with selected tumors that are eligible for enrollment in Part A. The dose(s) to be examined in Part B will be at or below the maximum tolerated dose and/or the recommended dose determined in Part A. The recommended dose and/or schedule may differ between cohorts.
Since the emergence of scalp cooling therapy (SCT) for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA), support groups on social media platforms for interested patients have surfaced. Though there are over 20,000 active members across SCT Facebook groups, little is known about how members use this platform. A 23-question survey was posted in five scalp cooling Facebook groups, reaching 219 women. Results indicated that these Facebook groups play clear roles in providing the following: (1) a supportive community for patients, (2) instructions for SCT use, (3) advice regarding insurance coverage and reimbursement, and (4) recommendations for over-the-counter products for hair loss. Despite reported interest in hair loss products, only 5% of patients sought medical treatment from dermatologists. Due to group-specific access restrictions, private Facebook groups provide patients with a protected platform to learn more about SCT from both those with personal experience and SCT company specialists. Providers may consider recommending these online groups to interested patients during the scalp cooling counseling process. As patients with CIA express a growing interest in over-the-counter hair, eyebrow, and eyelash products, it is important for dermatologists to be aware of where their patients obtain recommendations, and further, if these recommendations have clinical evidence of efficacy.
The investigators hypothesize that by placing a slurry of Seprafilm in the intrauterine cavity and creating a temporary physical barrier between the walls of the uterus, that we will be able to prevent iatrogenic intrauterine adhesions. Given that approximately 24 to 48 hours after placement, the membrane becomes a hydrated gel that is slowly resorbed within one week, we anticipate that the patient will have minimal to no discomfort; since no physical device is being left in the endometrial cavity, the uterus will not be contracting more than it does in its normal postoperative state.
Although cancer is very common in older patients, the optimal treatment for cancer for this subset of patients is not well established. As a result of lack of knowledge on the safety and efficacy of chemotherapy in older adults, a significant proportion of older patients receiving chemotherapy have toxicity. There is also little information regarding how to best make decisions for and implement interventions to improve outcomes of older patients with cancer who are to receive treatment. Additionally, there is marked heterogeneity in the geriatric population, and patients of similar chronologic age may have wide disparity in their overall health status. Geriatricians utilize a tool called the Geriatric Assessment (GA) to gauge an older patient's overall health status and identify potential areas of deficits. The GA is a comprehensive tool, incorporating the assessment of physical function, co-morbid conditions, social support, nutritional, psychological, and cognitive status and medication review. A small number of studies in the oncology literature have demonstrated the value of GA in guiding cancer-directed treatment plans for older patients. GA can identify potential areas of deficits in an older patient's overall health status that have been shown to predict chemotherapy toxicity and guide interventions to improve outcomes for older patients. Studies of interventions in community-dwelling older adults have demonstrated efficacy at improving deficits identified on GA. However, in older patients with cancer, there is currently limited data regarding how GA can affect decision-making for treatment and impact overall clinical care.

In a two-arm, randomized pilot study, we will evaluate the effect of GA and GA-driven interventions on the outcomes of older cancer patients receiving first-line or second-line chemotherapy.
The patient will undergo 4DCT imaging. The 4DCT imaging data along with image processing techniques will be used to generate a 4DCT-ventilation map. All surgical decisions will be based on the current standard of care imaging (VQ scans) and not on the 4DCT imaging results.
Eligible participants will be randomised into the Verapamil SR arm and receive instructions on frequency of administration (daily intake). 80 participants on the experimental arm are expected to complete the trial.
Purpose: We aimed to assess the perioperative, oncological, and functional outcomes of patients aged 70 years or older following retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) and compare their results with younger patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of our prospectively maintained database identified 329 patients who underwent retroperitoneal LPN from January 2013 to October 2022. The patients divided into 2 groups defined by age ≥70 or <70 years at the time of surgery. A propensity score matching analysis was conducted to obtain two balanced groups. The groups were compared for safety (perioperative outcomes) and efficacy (oncological and functional outcomes). Results: After matching, all variables were well balanced with no differences between the two cohorts. No significant differences were found in perioperative outcomes, including operative time, warm ischemia time, blood loss, hospital stay, and complications (P values >.05). Concerning functional outcomes, postoperative glomerular filtration rate and decrease in glomerular filtration rate were significantly better in the younger group compared with the elderly groups (P = .003 and P = .001, respectively). Although margin, ischemia, complications rates were similar between the cohorts (P = .068), Pentafecta rates were lower in the elderly patients (P = .029). In terms of oncological outcomes, recurrence-free survival and cancer-specific survival were comparable between the groups. Conclusion: Retroperitoneal LPN can be performed safely and with adequate oncological efficacy in elderly patients.