anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The proposed method for obtaining antemortem vitreous samples is during an otherwise scheduled vitrectomy surgery that is being performed for a medically necessary indication. Virectomy surgery is a commonly performed eye surgery during which the vitreous humor is removed from the eye. Three ports are created through the sclera for access into the eye. One port is for a light to provide illumination for visualization, one port is for the vitrector, which simultaneously aspirates the vitreous and cuts its intrinsic fibers, and one port is for an infusion line which keeps the eye inflated with saline as the vitreous humor is removed. typically the aspiration is performed automatically by the vitrectomy machine. For an undiluted vitreous biopsy, which is standard procedure performed for various indications, the technique must be slightly modified. In particular, the infusion line is not turned on initially to avoid diluting the specimen with saline fluid. The vitrector aspiration line is connected to a syringe instead of the vitrectomy machine, and the syringe is used to both manually provide the aspiration and to collect the undiluted specimen. As soon as an adequate volume is collected, the infusion line is turned on and the aspiration line is reconnected to the vitrectomy machine. Volumes of 0.5 to 1.0 ml are routinely collected with this technique.

Subjects will be enrolled from adult patient already undergoing vitrectomy surgery for various retinal conditions. Only one eye per subject will be enrolled and the enrollment target for the first year is 50 subjects.

Specimens would be obtained during the subject's otherwise planned vitrectomy. The vitrectomy would be started in the usual way, except that the standard modifications would be made for an undiluted vitreous biopsy as discussed above. A 0.2 mL sample would be obtained during the vitreous biopsy. This is the smallest sample the hospital laboratory can analyze and is smaller than what is typically obtained during an undiluted vitreous biopsy.
INTRODUCTION: There is an unmet need to offer a proper urinary straining device for patients in whom spontaneous expulsion of stones is expected. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacity, duration and ease of use of a new filtration device: the Pi-Box®.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a single-institution, non-randomized open-label study. Consecutive male patients with at least one stone that was susceptible of spontaneous passage, or after shockwave lithotripsy were included. The first 30 consecutive patients (Group 1) used the usual recommended techniques, and the 30 following consecutive patients (Group 2) were given the Pi-Box®. The patients completed a questionnaire when seen at 1-month follow-up.
RESULTS: Sixty men were included between January 2023 and May 2023. Thirteen (43%) patients retrieved a stone in each group (P=1). Filtration was performed for a median of 5 days in Group 1 and 10 days in Group 2 (P=0.03). Fourteen (46%) patients were satisfied or very satisfied with their filtration technique without the device versus 18 (60%) with the Pi-Box® (P=0.3). Eighteen (60%) and 21 patients (70%) would recommend their straining technique to a relative in groups 1 and 2, respectively (P=0.42).
CONCLUSIONS: The number of straining days was twice longer with the Pi-Box® device and is in favor of a better observance. The device did not increase the number of stones retrieved by urine filtration, which was high in this pilot study and may have been due to a participation bias.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2B.
Type 2 endometrial carcinomas are often diagnosed at advanced stages, with an high risk of metastatic recurrence and death even when diagnosed at early stages. They also have few therapeutic options. The Characterize the mutations responsible of cancer development has led to develope "precision medicine" that targets "actionable genes" by a drug. This concept of actionable mutation refers to a change in the DNA molecule that can predict the response to a drug defined as targeted therapy. Although targeted therapies are used in many types of cancer, they still target a minority of patients. Some tumor sites still do not benefit from these treatments. Specifically, type 2 endometrial cancers that have poor prognosis with few therapeutic options. The characterization of molecular mechanisms, by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), involved in the carcinogenesis of endometrial cancers, particularly type 2 cancers, should allow the identification of predictive biomarkers for response to certain targeted therapies.
BACKGROUND: Data taken from tertiary referral hospitals in Indonesia suggested readmission rate in older population ranging between 18.1 and 36.3%. Thus, it is crucial to identify high risk patients who were readmitted. Our previous study found several important predictors, despite unsatisfactory discrimination value.
METHODS: We aimed to investigate whether comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) -based modification to the published seven-point scoring system may increase the discrimination value. We conducted a prospective cohort study in July-September 2022 and recruited patients aged 60 years and older admitted to the non-surgical ward and intensive coronary care unit. The ROC curve was made based on the four variables included in the prior study. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analyses, and derived a new scoring system with its discrimination value.
RESULTS: Of 235 subjects, the incidence of readmission was 32.3% (95% CI 26-38%). We established a new scoring system consisting of 4 components. The scoring system had maximum score of 21 and incorporated malignancy (6 points), delirium (4 points), length of stay ≥ 10 days (4 points), and being at risk of malnutrition or malnourished (7 points), with a good calibration test. The C-statistic value was 0.835 (95% CI 0.781-0.880). The optimal cut-off point was ≥ 8 with a sensitivity of 90.8% and a specificity of 54.7%.
CONCLUSIONS: Malignancy, delirium, length of stay ≥ 10 days, and being at risk of malnutrition or malnourished are predictors for 30-day all-cause unplanned readmission. The sensitive scoring system is a strong model to identify whether an individual is at higher risk for readmission. The new CGA-based scoring system had higher discrimination value than that of the previous seven-point scoring system.
This is a randomized, open-label, parallel-group, active controlled, multi-center clinical trial to investigate whether exenatide is superior to insulin glargine in reducing liver fat content in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and concomitant NAFLD.Patients with type 2 diabetes and concomitant NAFLD from 18-70 years of age, with inadequate glycaemic control defined as 7% ≤ HbA1c ≤ 10% and BMI≥24kg/ m2 at the time of screening. Patients should be on diet and exercise but drug treatment naive, no use of any glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) analogues or insulin within 3 months before enrolment.Patients will have an screening period 2 weeks, and a 24-week open label treatment period.

All demographic data variables collected by descriptive analysis tests are used. Qualitative variables use absolute frequency and percentage, and numeric variables use average, mean, median, standard deviation, maximum, minimum, quartiles, etc. Unless specifically stated, statistical significance will be defined as P\<0.05 in the whole analysis procedure.For the primary endpoint of this study, superiority test will be applied to the quantitative data of these two groups. For secondary and exploratory efficacy variables, difference test will be used to analyse repeated measurement data from two groups. For essential Safety parameters, difference test will be used to analyse the differences between two groups.The analysis of all primary and secondary endpoints of efficacy and safety must be based on the Full Analysis Set (FAS). As supporting evidence, the analysis of primary endpoint variables must also comply with the Pre-protocol (PPS) Analysis.
The recommended XROMI dosage in pediatric patients aged 6 months to less than 2 years is described in Table 1.

Caregivers must be able to follow directions regarding drug administration and their monitoring and care.

If a dose of XROMI is missed at the scheduled time, the patient should take the missed dose as soon as possible once it is noticed, but only on the same day. If this is not possible, the patient should skip the dose and continue with the next dose as prescribed.

The patient should not take two doses to make up for a missed dose.

Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels may be used to evaluate the efficacy of XROMI in clinical use. Obtain HbF levels every three to four months. Monitor for an increase in HbF of at least two-fold over the baseline value.

XROMI causes macrocytosis, which may mask the incidental development of folic acid deficiency. Prophylactic administration of folic acid is recommended.
PURPOSE: To recover a concentrated macromolecular solution in a maximal amount from a holding liquid storage device of this apparatus by subjecting the apparatus with a membrane supporting body having a filtrate duct for holding a semipermeable membrane together with a hermetic sealing member to centrifugal separation. CONSTITUTION: The membrane supporting body 14 has a filtrate sleeve 22 for preventing the closure of air venting between a skirt 16 for fitting of a filtrate cup 18 and the filtrate cup 18 together with ribs 20 for discharge. The membrane supporting body 14 has the filtrate duct having a flat meshed surface allowing the passage of flow at a high velocity and three discontinuous arcs defining annular channel holes. The filtrate can be passed from the membrane to the filtrate cup 18 by these arcs. The filtrate cup 18 containing the filtrate is removed from the apparatus and the apparatus is turned over in such a manner that a holding liquid cup 2 comes to the underside of a sample storage device 6 in order to place the microconcentrator to a recovering mode.  Next, the apparatus is subjected to the centrifugal separation in the turned over direction for a short time at a low speed, by which the maximal amount of the holding liquid is discharged into the holding liquid cup 2.
Lithium Carbonate is a white, light alkaline powder with molecular formula Li2CO3 and molecular weight 73.89. Lithium is an element of the alkali-metal group with atomic number 3, atomic weight 6.94 and an emission line at 671 nm on the flame photometer.

Each extended-release tablet for oral administration contains 450 mg of lithium carbonate. In addition, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: Alginic Acid, Corn Starch, Magnesium Stearate, Povidone, and Yellow Iron Oxide. Lithium Carbonate Extended-Release Tablets 450 mg are designed to release a portion of the dose initially and the remainder gradually; the release pattern of the extended release tablets reduces the variability in lithium blood levels seen with the immediate release dosage forms.

This product meets USP Drug Release Test 2.
BACKGROUND: A parotid abscess (PA) is a complication of an acute bacterial parotitis with a potentially life-threatening course. To date, data on the diagnosis and therapy of PA is sparse and mostly consists of case reports or case series. Therefore, this study aimed at comprehensively analyzing the microbiological spectrum and the therapeutic management in a bi-institutional setting.
METHODS: A retrospective clinical chart review was performed to identify all patients surgically treated for PA at two tertiary care centers in Germany. Data on demographics, clinical management and microbiological data including species identification, pathogenicity, type of antibiotic therapy, adjustment of antibiotics, antibiotic sensitivity testing, and smear test results were extracted. Intervention-related variables and etiology were analyzed for their statistical association with outcome variables.
RESULTS: Overall, 85 patients were included. Most patients (92.9%) underwent surgical incision. Around half of the patients (45.9%) were treated under local anesthesia. No facial nerve palsy was observed. The most frequently detected pathogens were Streptococci (n = 23), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (n = 6) including one case of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Most patients (68.2%) received an aminopenicillin ± beta-lactamase inhibitor as empiric antibiotic therapy. In 6 cases the antibiotic therapy was modified after receiving the antibiogram. Four patients (5.2%) presented with recurrent PA. Etiology was idiopathic (42.4%), followed by tumorous (12.9%), obstructive, and immunosuppressive (each 11.8%). Patients with a dental focus (p = 0.007) had a longer duration of hospitalization.
CONCLUSION: The results show that the surgical therapy of PA under local anesthesia is safe. A dental examination should routinely be performed to rule out a dental focus. Obtaining a microbiological specimen in order to modify antibiotic therapy if necessary and a histopathological specimen to rule out a tumorous etiology is obligate.
The invention discloses a conditioned medium which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0-0.05 part of basic fibroblast growth factor, 0-0.05 part of epidermal growth factor, 0-95.9 parts of DMEM/F1294.9, 1 part of antibiotic, 1 part of glutamate, 1 part of non-essential amino acid and 0-1 part of antioxidant. The invention also discloses a living cell essence product and a preparation method thereof. The invention also discloses application of the living cell essence liquid product. The conditioned medium does not contain animal-derived substances, so that the problems of allergy, infection and the like caused by species difference are avoided. According to the invention, mixed enzyme is adopted to separate adipose-derived stem cells in stages, and the yield of ADSCs is 3000-5000/mg. The invention selects the conditioned medium to promote secretion, improves the content of the main protein active factors and increases the curative effect of the living cell essence product.
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive neurodegeneration disease that causes photoreceptor demise and vision impairments. In AMD pathogenesis, the primary death of retinal neurons always leads to the activation of resident microglia. The migration of activated microglia to the ongoing retinal lesion and their morphological transformation from branching to ameboid-like are recognized as hallmarks of AMD pathogenesis. Activated microglia send signals to Müller cells and promote them to react correspondingly to damaging stimulus. Müller cells are a type of neuroglia cells that maintain the normal function of retinal neurons, modulating innate inflammatory responses, and stabilize retinal structure. Activated Müller cells can accelerate the progression of AMD by damaging neurons and blood vessels. Therefore, the crosstalk between microglia and Müller cells plays a homeostatic role in maintaining the retinal environment, and this interaction is complicatedly modulated. In particular, the mechanism of mutual regulation between the two glia populations is complex under pathological conditions. This paper reviews recent findings on the crosstalk between microglia and Müller glia during AMD pathology process, with special emphasis on its therapeutic potentials.
Resistant exercise with isokinetic device (ID-RE) training will be given 2 days a week for 8 weeks. During the training, leg press, squat and knee extension movements will be improved by increasing the resistance or changing the position depending on the athlete's condition.
The invention relates to an anticancer medicine which is a lanosterol derivative. The compound has an anticancer effect, and can inhibit the growths of lung cancer cells, liver cells, mammary gland cells, brain cancer cells, and pancreatic cancer cells. The medicine is a compound with a general formula of (I), (II), (III), or (IV). The invention also provides an application of the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in preparing medicines used for treating cancers. The medicine can be used independently, and can be used in combination. Especially, the medicine can be used in combination with gemcitabine or nexavar. The medicine can be used in treating cancers such as lung cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, brain cancer, and the like.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a picture generation and picture recording method and a picture generation and picture recording device in which documentation of an interview result is made efficient. SOLUTION: The device is provided with picture display devices DA and DB and signal inputting devices IA and IB. The display picture data are constituted of two layers of picture data G1 for a common picture layer and picture data G2 for a dedicated picture layer. The data G1 are updated on a tentative file TGF1 from either one of the devices IA and IB. On the other hand, the data G2 are updated on a tentative file TGF2 only from the device IA. The data G1 are displayed on the devices DA and DB. The data G2 are only displayed on the device DA and are superimposed and displayed with the data G1. The data G1 and G2 of the both layers are stored and recorded into the files GF1 and GF2, respectively, provided in a recording device HD.
Analysis of serial liquid biopsy (LB) samples has been found to be a promising approach for the monitoring of tumor dynamics in the course of therapy for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Currently, somatic mutations are used for tracing the dynamics of the tumor via LB. However, the analysis of the dynamic changes in the molecular signatures such as microsatellite instability (MSI) is not currently used. We hypothesized that changes in blood MSI burden (bMSI) could be registered using serial LB sampling in the course of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), and that its changes could potentially correlate with treatment outcomes. We report the preliminary findings of the observational trial launched to study (NCT06414304) the dynamics of bMSI in 9 MSI-positive CRC patients receiving ICI. NGS-based MSI testing was performed on both pre-treatment FFPE and serial LB samples. For patients who had detectable bMSI burden in any of the LB samples (n = 8, 89%), median bMSI was 1.4% (range, 0.01-40%). Among patients with detectable MSI in available FFPE samples, median MSI burden was 29.3% (range, 10-40%). bMSI detected in baseline LB and FFPE samples were positively correlated (Pearson's R 0.47). Maximal variant allele frequencies of driver mutations observed in LB were also positively correlated with bMSI burden (Pearson's R 0.7). Patients who had clinical benefit had undetectable bMSI burden at follow-up. Our results provide the rationale for further validation of bMSI as a predictive biomarker of ICI in MSI-positive patients.
PURPOSE: A composition for permanent wave and a straightener, containing acetyl cysteine and isooctyl thioglycolate in a reducing first agent is provided to reduce hair damage and scalp irritation, to style stable and elastic wave and straight hair, and to improve persistence. CONSTITUTION: A composition for permanent wave and a straightener contains a reducing first agent and an oxidative second agent, or the reducing first agent. The reducing first agent contains 0.1-10.0 wt% of acetyl cysteine and isooctyl thioglycolate mixed in a weight ratio of 10:1-1:10. The composition has pH 6.5-9.5. The reducing first agent contains 0.001-10.0 wt% of an alkaline chemical. [Reference numerals] (AA) Cysteine bond; (BB) After treating with a first agent; (CC) After treating with a second agent
Tumor metastasis occurs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), leading to tumor progression and therapeutic failure. Anoikis is a matrix detachment-induced apoptosis, also known as detachment-induced cell death, and mechanistically prevents tumor cells from escaping their native extracellular matrix to metastasize to new organs. Deciphering the regulators and mechanisms of anoikis in cancer metastasis is urgently needed to treat HCC. Several natural and synthetic products induce anoikis in HCC cells and in vivo models. Here, we first briefly summarize the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of anoikis regulation and relevant regulators involved in HCC metastasis. Then we discuss the therapeutic potential of pharmacological induction of anoikis as a potential treatment against HCC. Finally, we discuss the key limitations of this therapeutic paradigm and propose possible strategies to overcome them. Cumulatively this review suggests that the pharmacological induction of anoikis can be used a promising therapeutic modality against HCC.
Gastric mucins serve as a protective barrier on the stomach's surface, protecting from external stimuli including gastric acid and gut microbiota. Their composition typically changes in response to the metaplastic sequence triggered by Helicobacter pylori infection. This alteration in gastric mucins is also observed in cases of gastric cancer, although the precise connection between mucin expressions and gastric carcinogenesis remains uncertain. This review first introduces the relationship between mucin expressions and gastric metaplasia or cancer observed in humans and mice. Additionally, we discuss potential pathogenic mechanisms of how aberrant mucins and their glycans affect gastric carcinogenesis. Finally, we summarize challenges to target tumor-specific glycans by utilizing lectin-drug conjugates that can bind to specific glycans. Understanding the correlation and mechanism between these mucin expressions and gastric carcinogenesis could pave the way for new strategies in gastric cancer treatment.
The invention belongs to the field of pharmaceutical preparations, and particularly relates to a bud suppository of agrimony and a preparation method thereof. The invention takes the agrimony bud fluid extract as the main medicine component and takes hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as the penetration enhancer to prepare the agrimony bud suppository. The agrimony bud suppository comprises agrimony bud fluid extract, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, glycerin, gelatin and a preservative, and the components account for the weight percentage of the agrimony bud suppository: 5.0-5.5% of agrimony bud fluid extract, 0.5-2.5% of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 60-70% of glycerol, 20-30% of gelatin, 0.075-0.1% of preservative and the balance of water. The weight ratio of the agrimony bud fluid extract to the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is as follows: 10: 0.5-5. The hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is one or more of HPMC-E5, HPMC-E50, HPMC-K4M, HPMC-K15M and HPMC-K100 LV. The agrimony bud suppository has the advantages of simple formula, simple preparation process, stable drug release speed, no crystallization precipitation after the drug is released, reduced release degree, contribution to drug permeation and full play of the curative effect of the drug.