anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A kit for detecting an antibody against HCV, comprises HCV polypeptide, PH buffer solution, antibody antigen complex marker, and description, wherein HCV polypeptide comprises amino acid sequences with at least 8 continuous amino acids encoded by HCV genome, which comprises polynucleotide having at least 24 continuous nucleotide, wherein the sequence is paired with the chain chosen from the following optionally: (i) an optional chain of HCV cDNA stored in CCTCC No. M88125, or CCTCC No. M88126, or CCTCC No. M88127, or CCTCC No. M22128, or CCTCC No. M88129; or (ii) an optional chain of nucleotide sequence shown in figure 47.
DAYTRANA is an adhesive-based matrix transdermal system containing methylphenidate that is applied to intact skin. The chemical name for methylphenidate is α-phenyl-2-piperidineacetic acid methyl ester. It is a white to off-white powder and is soluble in alcohol, ethyl acetate, and ether. Methylphenidate is practically insoluble in water and petrol ether. Its molecular weight is 233.31. Its empirical formula is C14H19NO2. The structural formula of methylphenidate is:

Transdermal System Components

DAYTRANA contains methylphenidate in a multipolymeric adhesive. The methylphenidate is dispersed in acrylic adhesive that is dispersed in a silicone adhesive. The composition per unit area of all dosage strengths is identical, and the total dose delivered is dependent on the transdermal system size and wear time.

DAYTRANA consists of three layers, as seen in the figure below (cross-section of the transdermal system).

Proceeding from the outer surface toward the surface adhering to the skin, the layers are (1) a polyester/ethylene vinyl acetate laminate film backing, (2) a proprietary adhesive formulation incorporating Noven Pharmaceuticals, Inc.'s DOT Matrix™ transdermal technology consisting of an acrylic adhesive, a silicone adhesive, and methylphenidate, and (3) a fluoropolymer-coated polyester protective liner, which is attached to the adhesive surface and must be removed before the transdermal system can be used.

The active component of the transdermal system is methylphenidate. The remaining components are pharmacologically inactive.
One session of sham intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation (iTBS) will be delivered to the left motor cortex. The MagVenture MagPro system has an integrated active sham that passes current through two surface electrodes placed on the skin over the left motor cortex (C3) and beneath the coil.
Currently, treatment guidelines for the management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) recommend that patients with serum HBV DNA \> 105 copies/ml and elevated ALT levels greater than two times the upper limit of normal (ULN) are obvious candidates for antiviral therapy. Guidelines also suggest that antiviral therapy be considered in CHB patients with high viral load, if a biopsy shows significant liver disease despite ALT ≤ 2× ULN. Data from recent trials in hepatitis B patients who present with normal to minimally elevated ALT (≤ 2× ULN) indicate that significant hepatic pathology could still be found. Serum ALT level may not accurately predict activity of liver damage. ALT is a poor predictor of outcome and therefore is not a suitable criterion for antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B infection. Also, a recent large randomized controlled clinical trial comparing lamivudine maintenance and placebo in advanced fibrosis (Ishak fibrosis score ≥ 4) suggests that sustained viral suppression with antiviral therapy is linked to reduced risk for disease progression. (Liaw YF et al. NEJM 2004;351:1521-1531)
The Redefining the Diagnostic Performance of Non-invasive Tests for the Detection of Coronary Artery Disease: UZ Clear is an investigator-initiated, single-arm, multicenter, prospective study of patients presenting with chest pain with an intermediate probability of CAD. The intermediate pre-test probability of CAD was defined based on the European Society of Cardiology Guidelines as a score between 15% and 85% based on age, sex, and the nature of symptoms. All patients had a positive exercise stress test and were referred for an invasive evaluation. Patients underwent a study protocol with an invasive diagnostic procedure (IDP) consisting of measurements of FFR and IMR in at least one coronary vessel. Exclusion criteria are acute coronary syndromes, known coronary artery disease, previous myocardial infarction, previous revascularization, and abnormal baseline electrocardiogram (ECG). All data were centrally collected and analyzed by the core laboratory.

The primary objective was to determine the false discovery rate of exercise stress tests using an interventional diagnostic procedure (IDP) with indexes of epicardial (FFR) and microvascular resistance (IMR) as clinical references. The secondary objective was to assess the impact of an IDP accounting for the presence of CMD on the accuracy of exercise stress tests.
Intervention between 12.0 and 14.0 weeks. Early selective reduction of TRAP mass.
The process comprises reaction of cpd. of formula (II) where Z is a gp. eliminated by hydrogenolysis with reagent at -5 to + 40 deg.C, to give cpds. of formula (III) for treatment with excess of acetone at 20-60 deg.C with addn. of dil. inorganic acid to obtain ketones of formula (IV). The ketones are then treated with H and alcohol to give a prod. of formula (V). This is converted to derivs. of formula (VI) where X is a nucleofuge gp., the derivs. of formula (VI) undergoing substitution to give cpds. of formula (I) where R1-3 are H, lower alkyl, etc.
BACKGROUND: Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is an inflammatory disease affecting the peripheral nerves and the most frequent autoimmune polyneuropathy. Given the lack of established biomarkers or risk factors for the development of CIDP and patients' treatment response, this research effort seeks to identify potential clinical factors that may influence disease progression and overall treatment efficacy.
METHODS: In this multicenter, retrospective analysis, we have screened 197 CIDP patients who presented to the University Hospitals in Düsseldorf, Berlin, Cologne, Essen, Magdeburg and Munich between 2018 and 2022. We utilized the respective hospital information system and examined baseline data with clinical examination, medical letters, laboratory results, antibody status, nerve conduction studies, imaging and biopsy findings. Aside from clinical baseline data, we analyzed treatment outcomes using the Standard of Care (SOC) definition, as well as a comparison of an early (within the first 12 months after manifestation) versus late (more than 12 months after manifestation) onset of therapy.
RESULTS: In terms of treatment, most patients received intravenous immunoglobulin (56%) or prednisolone (39%) as their first therapy. Patients who started their initial treatment later experienced a worsening disease course, as reflected by a significant deterioration in their Inflammatory Neuropathy Cause and Treatment (INCAT) leg disability score. SOC-refractory patients had worse clinical outcomes than SOC-responders. Associated factors for SOC-refractory status included the presence of fatigue as a symptom and alcohol dependence.
CONCLUSION: Timely diagnosis, prompt initiation of treatment and careful monitoring of treatment response are essential for the prevention of long-term disability in CIDP and suggest a "hit hard and early" treatment paradigm.
NEW MATERIAL:A derivative of formulaI(R is H, alkyl, hydroxyl, alkoxyl, etc.; R' is H, alkyl, aralkyl, hydroxymethyl, acyloxymethyl or carboxymethyl, provided that R and R' are not H at the same time). EXAMPLE:Camptothecin 1-oxide. USE:An intermediate for preparing various novel camptothecin derivatives having lower toxicity than camptothecin in itself. PROCESS:A camptothecin derivative of formula II is converted into an N-oxide derivative of the N atom at the 1-position with hydrogen peroxide as an N- oxide forming agent in acetic acid to give the compound of formulaI. The reaction temperature is preferably 65-70 deg.C, and the amount of the hydrogen peroxide is about 30 times the molar amount of the camptothecin derivative. A persulfate may be used as the N-oxide forming agent, and m-chloroperbenzoic acid may be used in an organic solvent, e.g. chloroform or methylene chloride.
The patients attending hospitals assigned to interventional group received medication therapy management services in addition to usual care. The medication therapy management services was provided by the clinical pharmacists. The study participants and attending healthcare providers were blinded of participants' treatment group. The intervention was done at initial visit and repeated at 3rd and 6th month of the initial visit.
This research study aims to pilot a protocol review process, called DIVERSE, assessing its feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy to enhance inclusion and diversity in clinical trial enrollment. Patients and community participants will complete specialized training and provide feedback on clinical trials in development through the DIVERSE process; they will also provide feedback on the process itself. Investigator participants will request review and provide feedback on the DIVERSE process. The study is based on community-based participatory research.

Participation in this research is expected to last about 18 months. It is expected that about 20 patient and community participants and 20 investigators will participate in this research study. The National Cancer Institute and American Society of Clinical Oncology are providing funding for this research study.
Anemia has occurred in NSAID-treated patients. This may be due to occult or gross blood loss, fluid retention, or an incompletely described effect on erythropoiesis. If a patient treated with DAYPRO has any signs or symptoms of anemia, monitor hemoglobin or hematocrit.

NSAIDs, including DAYPRO, may increase the risk of bleeding events. Co-morbid conditions such as coagulation disorders or concomitant use of warfarin, other anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs (e.g., aspirin), SSRIs, and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) may increase this risk. Monitor these patients for signs of bleeding [see Drug Interactions (7)].
This study will determine if a highly standardized herbal extract of the leaves of the Ginkgo Biloba tree, widely used in Europe for two decades, will benefit patients who have pain on walking due to narrowing of the arteries of the legs. A few studies done about ten years ago in Germany appeared to benefit such patients. It is important to confirm these findings and to learn how it may work. Animal studies suggest that this extract, known as EGb 761, works through very strong antioxidant mechanisms. A second action suggested is that it stimulates cells lining the inside of the arteries to produce the compound nitric oxide. These cells, known as endothelial cells, are susceptible to damage by blood cholesterol, smoking or high blood pressure and, when damaged, will allow cholesterol to deposit in arteries. Antioxidants can prevent the endothelial cell damage, therefore it is very important to know if EGb 761 works through that mechanism. These cells also produce nitric oxide naturally as a defense against injury, so an EGb 761 effect on nitric oxide would also provide benefit. Consumption of Gingko Biloba products, many of uncertain purity, is increasing rapidly in the United States. Confirmation of its benefits, derived largely from Europe, is important to protect the health of the American people and to find new and inexpensive remedies for common problems, such as narrowed arteries in the legs. If benefit is found for this problem, then it will be highly likely that the atherosclerotic deposits that cause heart attacks and many strokes may also be preventable or treatable with this compound. Any benefit found will also lead to future studies to determine which constituents of the mixture now present in EGb 761 confers the benefit. If these actions, or others, were discovered, then this herbal product could become used with greater confidence.

This double-blind study will randomly assign parcicipants to receive 4 months of either EGb 761 at 320 mg/day or placebo. Improving walking distances by 30% or greater is the major goal. A second goal will test the safety of EGb 761 through careful examination of liver and kidney function and other measures of general health. Also, a thorough search will occur for antioxidant actions and for changes in endothelial cell nitric oxide production. Two study visits will occur at baseline, and two will occur at Month 4.
Osteonecrosis, characterized by ischemic bone injury leading to cell death and bone resorption, manifests in various anatomical sites due to multiple etiologies such as radiotherapy and medications. While certain sites like the femoral head and jaw have garnered attention, vertebral body osteonecrosis remains less explored and lacks a standardized classification system. This report presents a unique case of a 52-year-old woman undergoing chemotherapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who developed multilevel vertebral body osteonecrosis, a rare occurrence in English medical literature. The patient presented with fever, abdominal pain, and lymphoid malignancy markers, initiating chemotherapy with the rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CVP) regimen. During treatment, she experienced breathing difficulties and back pain, prompting imaging studies revealing extensive osteonecrosis affecting multiple vertebrae and other skeletal sites. Various factors, including chemotherapy, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) therapy, trauma, and others, contribute to vertebral body necrosis. While osteonecrosis in lymphoma patients is rare, chemotherapy-induced marrow necrosis can lead to bone involvement. Vertebral bodies, especially their anterior portions, are susceptible due to limited blood supply. The presence of an intravertebral vacuum cleft on radiographs is pathognomonic for osteonecrosis, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reveals hypointense areas and fluid collections. This case underscores the complexity of diagnosing and managing multilevel vertebral body osteonecrosis, exacerbated by the lack of standardized protocols. The interplay between disease processes and treatment modalities complicates decision-making, emphasizing the need for further research to establish optimal diagnostic and treatment guidelines. In conclusion, this case sheds light on a rare manifestation of osteonecrosis in a lymphoma patient, highlighting the challenges in diagnosis and management. Further research is warranted to enhance understanding and improve outcomes for patients with this debilitating condition.
Vertebral artery (VA) stenosis is a cause of vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) and disabling posterior circulation stroke,1 accounting for up to 30% of all strokes.2 Although the natural history of VBI is not as well delineated as that of carotid stenosis, strokes in the basilar circulation can be more disabling than their anterior circulation counterparts. Stenosis exceeding 30% at the origin of the vertebral artery is associated with increased risk of stroke.3 The authors present a case of a female patient with significant peripheral vascular disease who presented with concerns for VBI. The patient was on antiplatelet and anticoagulative medications and a statin at the time of her presentation. Angiography demonstrated bilateral vertebral artery origin stenosis. The left VA was diminutive and arose directly from the arch (Video 1). The right VA demonstrated critical stenosis at its origin. Attempts at endovascular access of the right VA for placement of a balloon-mounted stent were unsuccessful. The patient underwent a transcervical approach for endarterectomy of the VA origin. The VA can be readily accessed using a small supraclavicular incision to isolate the V1 segment of the vessel. The procedure was performed with the patient heparinized and on antiplatelet medications. Alternatives to this strategy include patch grafting in addition to the endarterectomy or use of a short vein graft to bypass the stenosis of the VA beyond the stenotic segment.
CASE: Capitate avascular necrosis should be entertained in a differential diagnosis of young, active adults with midcarpal wrist pain. We present a case study of a 30-year-old laborer who developed avascular necrosis (AVN) of his right proximal capitate. Grip strength and wrist motion were limited on examination, with advanced imaging confirming AVN. A diagnostic arthroscopy confirmed the pathology. Treatment was completed with a medial femoral trochlea vascularized flap for cartilaginous resurfacing. At 10-month follow-up, the patient's capitate was healed with stable fixation, and he is working full-time as a laborer without restrictions.
CONCLUSION: AVN of the capitate is a unique and challenging articular pathology that requires a thoughtful preoperative evaluation and meticulous surgical technique to reconstruct. The medial femoral trochlea (MFT) vascularized bone transfer with cartilaginous resurfacing is 1 available treatment option. This flap is harvested from the medial femur using microsurgical techniques, based on the descending genicular artery. Using a 2-surgeon approach, simultaneous dissection of the AVN is completed at the wrist. This flap is a vascularized option that can be used for both AVN and nonunion with structural deformity before salvage surgeries.
Patients receive gemcitabine IV over 30 minutes followed by irinotecan IV over 30 minutes on days 1 and 15. Patients also receive flavopiridol IV over 60 minutes on days 2 and 16. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 6 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) share a complex and dependent link with each other and other cardiometabolic conditions. Currently, there is insufficient data regarding patient and provider perceptions about this important clinical overlap. This study sought to evaluate healthcare provider (HCP) and patient attitudes and perceptions about CKD and ASCVD, including risk, diagnosis, and management of both conditions.
METHODS: Cross-sectional surveys of 58 nephrologists and 74 cardiologists who treat patients with CKD and ASCVD and 195 patients who self-reported having CKD and ASCVD were conducted in the USA between May and June 2021.
RESULTS: Most nephrologists agreed that the presence of cardiometabolic comorbidities increased patients' risk of developing CKD; 86% agreed that type 2 diabetes increased the risk, and 67% agreed that ASCVD increased the risk. However, only 52% of the nephrologists reported they typically discuss the risk of developing CKD with patients prior to diagnosing them. Slightly more than one-third of patients (35%) reported their HCP discussed other conditions' impact on the development of CKD; of all HCPs surveyed, nephrologists were the least likely to discuss CKD risk with their patients. Most nephrologists (83%) also reported they recommended lifestyle modification to patients; however, only about half of patients (53%) reported they were currently using a lifestyle change to treat CKD and/or ASCVD.
CONCLUSION: Although CKD and ASCVD are known to have a bidirectional relationship, HCPs in our study did not report routinely educating patients about the risk of developing one or both conditions. As HCPs with perhaps the deepest understanding of the interplay between CKD and cardiorenal comorbidities, nephrologists are well positioned to help patients understand the link between cardiovascular and renal health, help identify strategies to limit risk, and appropriately treat the conditions.
Metoclopramide and prochlorperazine (Compazine®), antiemetic dopamine receptor antagonists, are widely used for headache treatment in North American emergency departments. Metoclopramide, FDA pregnancy category B, is used in clinical practice for acute headache in pregnant women. Small studies have found magnesium sulfate to be effective in migraine, tension and cluster headaches, although there is no data regarding efficacy or tolerability in pregnant women.

Our study would be similar to a Turkish study published in 2004 which compared magnesium sulfate to metoclopramide for acute headache treatment in nonpregnant individuals; they found the drugs equally effective 30 minutes after administration. Serum magnesium levels in pregnant women are often lower than in nonpregnant women; magnesium deficiency has been explored as contributing to headache frequency and severity. Magnesium sulfate use has been well established during pregnancy for decades, administered intravenously to delay labor or to women with preeclampsia for 24 to 48 hours, initially with 4 to 6 gram bolus then 2 grams per hour. For headache treatment, magnesium sulfate dose would be far lower, 2 grams. We would like to determine the efficacy and tolerability of magnesium sulfate for headache relief in pregnant women, as well as evaluate efficacy of metoclopramide in pregnant women. We do not find published randomized trials evaluating headache treatment in pregnant women.
An early warning system and method for cardiac abnormal event are provided. The early warning system and method for cardiac abnormal event includes a blood oxygen concentration detection device, an electronic device and a motion detector. The electronic device includes a guiding program. The guiding program provides a breath-holding guide information to guide the user to perform a breath-holding action until the user cannot continue the breath-holding action. The motion detector detects a breathing action of the user, and provides a corresponding breathing action time to the electronic device. The blood oxygen concentration detection device provides an inhalation time blood oxygen concentration value of the breathing action time and a minimum blood oxygen concentration value of a minimum blood oxygen concentration time to the electronic device. The electronic device provides a cardiac abnormal event warning message to notify the user according to the breathing action time and the minimum blood oxygen concentration time.
In 2009, data on all births between 2004 and 2007 in 11 selected municipalities from the greater Copenhagen area was obtained from the Danish national birth register at the National Board of Health. This register contains information on all births, whether at hospital or home, on factors such as birth weight and length, height and pre-pregnant weight of the mother, parity, and Central Personal Registry number (CPR-number). Data on socioeconomic status was obtained from the administrative birth forms. This was done manually using the CPR-numbers obtained from the birth register.

After selection of the children eligible for participation, the children were allocated to three groups, (intervention group, control group, shadow group) using computer based randomization. All siblings were allocated to the same group. After the random allocation, children from the intervention group and the control group were sent a letter with an invitation to participate in the project. Children from the shadow group were also identified, and their general practitioners were contacted and asked for information on each child's height and weight.