anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
NOTE: CONTAINS BENZYL ALCOHOL (see PRECAUTIONS).

IT SHOULD BE EMPHASIZED THAT DOSAGE REQUIREMENTS ARE VARIABLE AND MUST BE INDIVIDUALIZED ON THE BASIS OF THE DISEASE UNDER TREATMENT AND THE RESPONSE OF THE PATIENT. After a favorable response is noted, the proper maintenance dosage should be determined by decreasing the initial drug dosage in small decrements at appropriate time intervals until the lowest dosage which will maintain an adequate clinical response is reached. Situations which may make dosage adjustments necessary are changes in clinical status secondary to remissions or exacerbations in the disease process, the patient’s individual drug responsiveness, and the effect of patient exposure to stressful situations not directly related to the disease entity under treatment. In this latter situation it may be necessary to increase the dosage of the corticosteroid for a period of time consistent with the patient’s condition. If after long-term therapy the drug is to be stopped, it is recommended that it be withdrawn gradually rather than abruptly. 

In pediatric patients, the initial dose of triamcinolone may vary depending on the specific disease entity being treated. The range of initial doses is 0.11 to 1.6 mg/kg/day in 3 or 4 divided doses (3.2 to 48 mg/m2bsa/day).

For the purpose of comparison, the following is the equivalent milligram dosage of the various glucocorticoids:

These dose relationships apply only to oral or intravenous administration of these compounds. When these substances or their derivatives are injected intramuscularly or into joint spaces, their relative properties may be greatly altered.
Risk Summary   
There are no studies of ADDYI in pregnant women to inform whether there is a drug-associated risk in humans. In animals, fetal toxicity only occurred in the presence of significant maternal toxicity including reductions in weight gain and sedation. Adverse reproductive and developmental effects consisted of decreased fetal weight, structural anomalies and increases in fetal loss at exposures greater than 15 times exposures achieved with the recommended human dosage [see Data]. Animal studies cannot rule out the potential for fetal harm.

In the general population (not taking ADDYI), the estimated background risk of major birth defects is 2% to 4% of live births, and the estimated background risk of miscarriage of clinically recognized pregnancies is 15% to 20%.

Data   
Animal Data   
Pregnant rats were administered flibanserin at doses of 0, 20, 80 and 400 mg/kg/day (3, 15 and 41 times clinical exposures at the recommended human dose based on AUC) during organogenesis. The highest dose was associated with significant maternal toxicity as evidenced by severe clinical signs and marked reductions in weight gain during dosing. In the litters of high-dose dams, there were decreased fetal weights, decreased ossification of the forelimbs and increased number of lumbar ribs, and two fetuses with anophthalmia secondary to severe maternal toxicity. The no adverse effect level for embryofetal toxicity was 80 mg/kg/day (15 times clinical exposure based on AUC).

Pregnant rabbits were administered flibanserin at doses of 0, 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg/day (4, 8 and 16 times the clinical exposure at the recommended human dose) during organogenesis. Marked decreases in maternal body weight gain (>75%), abortion and complete litter resorption were observed at 40 and 80 mg/kg/day indicating significant maternal toxicity at these doses. Increases in resorptions and decreased fetal weights were observed at ≥ 40 mg/kg/day. No treatment-related teratogenic effects were observed in fetuses at any dose level. The no adverse effect level for maternal and embryofetal effects was 20 mg/kg/day (3-4 times clinical exposure based on AUC).

Pregnant rats were administered flibanserin at doses of 0, 20, 80 and 200 mg/kg/day (3, 15 and ~ 20 times clinical exposures at the recommended human dose) from day 6 of pregnancy until day 21 of lactation to assess for effects on peri- and postnatal development. The highest dose was associated with clinical signs of toxicity in pregnant and lactating rats. All doses resulted in sedation and decreases in body weight gain during pregnancy. Flibanserin prolonged gestation in some dams in all dose groups and decreased implantations, number of fetuses and fetal weights at 200 mg/kg/day. Dosing dams with 200 mg/kg also decreased pup weight gain and viability during the lactation period and delayed opening of the vagina and auditory canals. Flibanserin had no effects on learning, reflexes, fertility or reproductive capacity of the F1 generation. The no adverse effect level for maternal toxicity and peri/postnatal effects was 20 mg/kg/day [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1)].
The invention relates to biotechnology. The inventive probiotic preparation comprises a porous aluminium oxide-based enterosorbent SUMS-1 and eubiotic bacteria cells with nutrition and protective media, which are immobilised on the enterosorbent. The eubiotic bacteria cells with a nutrition medium are in the form of the lyophilised concentrate of the consortium of bifido- or lactobacteria or a mixture thereof with a titre of 108-1010 CFU/g/. The enterosorbent SUMS-1 is used in said concentrate in the form of a porous carbon-modified enterosorbent SUMS-1 which is additionally treated with a metal salt solution at the following ratio between the lyophilised preparation components, in mass%: 1.0-10.0 mass% cells with a nutrition medium of the consortium of eubiotic bifido- or lactobacteria or a mixture thereof with a titre of 108-1010 CFU/g/, 0.1-10.0 mass% protective medium, the rest up to 100% being the enterosorbent SUMS-1 additionally treated with a metal salt solution. The inventive preparation producing method involves treating the porous enterosorbent SUMS-1 with a metal salt solution at a volumetric ratio equal to or less than1:1, washing the enterosorbent with distilled water for removing a reagent therefrom, mixing the enterosorbent andthe eubiotic bacteria with the nutrition and protective media at a ratio equal to or less than 1:1, holding the mixture until the bacterial cells are totally immobilised on the enterosorbent, consequently freezing it and lyophilising prior to sterilisation. The concentrate of a consortium of bifido- or lactobacteria or a mixture thereof with a titre of 108-1010 CFU/g/ is used in the form of bacteria.
This is a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial to evaluate whether a Chinese medicine formula (Qing'E, composed of eucommia, psoralen, walnuts and garlic) is effective in alleviating menopausal symptoms. 240 Chinese women with menopausal symptoms will be recruited and randomized into two groups. One is treatment group with 12 weeks of Qing'E pills (well-controlled), the other is controlled group with 12 weeks of placebo. The treatment outcome measures include: 1) the severity of menopausal symptoms: self-recording of daily frequency of vasomotor symptoms (hot flushes), the Kupperman index. 2) NEI network indices. 3) Urine metabolomics. All measures are conducted at baseline and endpoint except the self-recoding of vasomotor symptoms, Kupperman index and urine metabolomics. Tyhe investigators expect this research will provide an effective and safe therapy for menopausal symptoms.
For us to evaluate the efficacy of our treatment programs, we are interested in your responses before and after treatment. We use two methods to evaluate the efficacy of our treatments: questionnaires and interviews with a member of the Anxiety Disorders Clinic. As part of standard clinic procedure, each person in the program completes an in-person interview with a staff member who will determine your suitability for treatment. If you have received this questionnaire packet, it is likely that your concerns will be appropriately addressed in the Anxiety Disorders Clinic. The purpose of the questionnaire packet is to assess the severity of your generalized anxiety disorder; its impact on your functioning, and factors that may contribute to the onset or maintenance of your GAD (e.g., depression, intolerance of uncertainty). We will ask you to complete this questionnaire again when you have completed your treatment along with a brief telephone interview with a staff member of the Anxiety Disorders Clinic.
AIM: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy is a frequently observed consequence of sepsis, often resulting in chronic brain inflammation and injury, ultimately leading to a range of behavioral abnormalities. This study explores the potential preventive effects of minocycline on the long-lasting outcome of sepsis in a mice model of sepsis.
METHODS: Adult male C57 mice were subjected to experimental sepsis through a single intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Minocycline administration via oral gavage (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg) commenced three days before sepsis induction and continued on the day of induction. Mice underwent behavioral assessments one month post-sepsis, with subsequent brain tissue analysis to investigate oxidative stress markers and cholinergic function.
KEY FINDINGS: One month following sepsis induction, mice exhibited significant anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors as determined by assessments in the elevated plus maze (EPM), open field, and tail suspension test (TST). Additionally, they displayed impaired recognition memory in the novel object recognition (NOR) test. Brain tissue analysis revealed a notable increase in oxidative stress markers and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in septic mice. Notably, minocycline treatment effectively mitigated the long-term behavioral abnormalities resulting from sepsis, attenuated oxidative stress markers, and reduced AChE activity.
SIGNIFICANCE: These findings underscore the potential of minocycline as a therapeutic intervention during sepsis induction to prevent the enduring behavioral and neurological consequences of experimental sepsis.
Fibromyalgia is characterized by chronic widespread pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbances. Recent theories attribute fibromyalgia to central sensitization syndromes, suggesting altered nociceptive processing leads to hyperalgesia and allodynia. Standardized effective treatments are currently lacking. Palmitoylethanolamide and melatonin have shown pain-relieving effects in chronic pain conditions, including fibromyalgia, with excellent safety. Our open-label study assessed the impact of a daily combination of 1200 mg of palmitoylethanolamide and 0.2 mg of melatonin on pain, sleep, and quality of life in fibromyalgia patients. Between June 2023 and March 2024, 50 patients (2016 ACR criteria) were treated and evaluated at baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 4 months (1 month discontinuation). The assessments included VAS for pain, ISI for insomnia, HAQ for health assessments, and a tender points evaluation. The patients, averaging 54.12 years old with a 3:1 female-to-male ratio, showed significant improvements in VAS, ISI, and HAQ scores relative to their own baselines and a reduction in tender points at 1 and 3 months, which was maintained at 4 months. No adverse events were reported. This study is the first to demonstrate the efficacy of a palmitoylethanolamide and melatonin combination as an adjunct therapy in fibromyalgia, highlighting its potential to reduce pain and improve sleep and quality of life.
Use of a multi-functional active substance mixture comprising a fraction of specific peptide having a molecular weight of 10000 Dalton and a fraction of essential and non-essential amino acids, for the production of a formulation for the regulation of the outer skin conditions of mammals, including humans, is claimed. Use of a multi-functional active substance mixture comprising a fraction of specific peptide with a molecular weight of 10000 Dalton and a fraction of essential and non-essential amino acids, for the production of a formulation for the regulation of the outer skin conditions of mammals, including humans, is claimed. The multi-functional active substance is obtained by incubating the cells at suitable growth temperatures, subsequently lysing, harvesting the cells together with the preservation medium, separating the cell components, which exhibit a molar mass of above 10000 Dalton, by ultra-centrifugation/ultrafiltration, producing the fraction of specific peptide having molecular weights of 10000 Dalton and the fraction of essential and non-essential amino acids. An independent claim is included for a formulation comprising a composition. ACTIVITY : Dermatological; Antiallergic; Antiinflammatory. No biological data given. MECHANISM OF ACTION : None given.
At present, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is widely used as the gold standard for evaluating glycemic control. However, as a marker of average blood glucose level, HbA1c has some limitations. HbA1c is affected by many conditions, such as hemolytic anemia, recent blood loss or blood transfusion, chronic renal failure, the use of erythropoietin or other drugs affecting hematopoiesis, and the presence of variant hemoglobin. In addition, HbA1c represents the average blood glucose level in the last 2-3 months, in patients who need adjusting hypoglycemic regimen, A1c was not a sensitive marker. Therefore, finding clinical markers that can timely guide the adjustment and evaluate therapeutic effects is an urgent demand for individualized treatment of diabetes.

Glycated albumin (GA) has been available in clinic for sixteen years, yet the clinical value of routine measurements of GA in the care of diabetic patients is still uncertain. Previous studies have shown that the GA half-life is 17-19 days, so the serum GA level can reflect the average blood glucose level and the recent blood glucose changes and the extent of the changes in the last 2\~3 weeks of diabetes, and is not affected by age, gender, diet, drugs and glycemic fluctuation. A recent short-term study found that in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients with initial therapy and in patients with type 2 diabetes and unsatisfactory glucose control and need intensifying treatment, changes in GA could predict changes in HbA1c levels after 3 months. Therefore, investigators undertake this study to determine whether knowledge of GA values and adjusting anti-diabetic regimens according to GA values will result in improved glycemic control in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

This multicenter randomized controlled clinical study will be conducted in 10 hospitals in China. A total of 200 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM will be 1:1 randomly assigned to two groups: intervention group (GA) and control group (NC). In this study, the clinical related indexes such as GA, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, fasting C-peptide, fasting insulin, liver and kidney function, blood routine, blood uric acid and blood lipid were measured at baseline. The GA serum was frozen and not used as the basis for initial treatment. All the patients will be treated with antidiabetic therapy according to guideline for prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes in China (2020) and followed up for 12 weeks. The GA concentration will be measured at 4-week intervals. In GA group, the anti-diabetic treatment regimen will be strengthened when GA value is higher than 16% at 4 weeks. In NC group, investigators will be not aware of the GA value and rely on the current guidelines to adjust treatment. At the end of 12 weeks, A1c and other metabolic indexes will be measured again. All the anti-diabetic drugs are permitted in this study except sulfonylureas, glinides, insulin and insulin analogues.
Patients will receive local anesthetic infiltration, using 1% lidocaine with epinephrine, to the fracture site and surrounding tissue. No nerve blocks will be performed. The lidocaine will be injected subcutaneously, using a total dose of less than 7mg per kilogram.
BACKGROUND: The phenomenon of field cancerization reflects the transition of normal cells into those predisposed to cancer. Assessing the scope and intensity of this process in the colon may support risk prediction and colorectal cancer prevention.
METHODS: The Swiss Epigenetic Colorectal Cancer Study (SWEPIC) study, encompassing 1111 participants for DNA methylation analysis and a subset of 84 for RNA sequencing, was employed to detect field cancerization in individuals with adenomatous polyps (AP). Methylation variations were evaluated for their discriminative capability, including in external cohorts, genomic localization, clinical correlations, and associated RNA expression patterns.
RESULTS: Normal cecal tissue of individuals harboring an AP in the proximal colon manifested dysregulated DNA methylation compared to tissue from healthy individuals at 558 unique loci. Leveraging these adenoma-related differentially variable and methylated CpGs (aDVMCs), our classifier discerned between healthy and AP-adjacent tissues across SWEPIC datasets (cross-validated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [ROC AUC] = 0.63-0.81), including within age-stratified cohorts. This discriminative capacity was validated in 3 external sets, differentiating healthy from cancer-adjacent tissue (ROC AUC = 0.82-0.88). Notably, aDVMC dysregulation correlated with polyp multiplicity. More than 50% of aDVMCs were significantly associated with age. These aDVMCs were enriched in active regions of the genome (P < .001), and associated genes exhibited altered expression in AP-adjacent tissues.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings underscore the early onset of field cancerization in the right colon during the neoplastic transformation process. A more extensive validation of aDVMC dysregulation as a stratification tool could pave the way for enhanced surveillance approaches, especially given its linkage to adenoma emergence.
Treatments and Clinic Visits:

The 36-week double-blind, randomized treatment phase of the trial is preceded by 2-week single-blind placebo period to assess eligibility into the active treatment period, compliance, and to confirm the baseline blood pressure values of the enrolled subjects. If at the end of the single-blind phase, inclusion criteria will not be met, the participants will not be allowed to continue on to the trial. If they are eligible they will undergo baseline MRI studies after being randomized to either placebo or Aliskiren 150 mg, with an escalation to 300 mg at 2 weeks into treatment. This dose will be maintained for the duration of the trial. After randomization and dose escalation visits (at 2 weeks), patients will return for scheduled clinic visits at weeks 12 and 36. Assessment of routine safety measures including serum creatinine and potassium will be performed at pre-designated visits (randomization, drug escalation and end-of trial). At each study visit, after having the patient in a sitting position for 5 minutes, SBP/diastolic blood pressure will be measured 3 times in accordance with the AHA Committee Report on blood pressure determination. The patient will be then asked to stand for 2 minutes, and a single blood pressure measurement will be measured in the standing position. Evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) will be determined using the Romhilt-Estes scoring system at baseline. Specialized measurements of plasma including insulin, glucose measures, adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) and high- sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) will be performed at randomization and 12 weeks into the trial. Central aortic blood pressure assessment will be performed at randomization and end of trial/exit visits (SphygmoCor CP, AtCor Medical, Itaska, Illinois, USA). Plasma direct renin measurements will be obtained at baseline and 12 weeks in part to assess compliance of patients with their therapy (Diasource, Belgium).
* XARACOLL is to be administered by or under the supervision of experienced clinicians who are well versed in the diagnosis and management of dose-related toxicity and other acute emergencies which might arise from bupivacaine exposure.
  * The toxic effects of local anesthetics are additive. Avoid additional local anesthetic administration within 96 hours following XARACOLL implantation. If additional local anesthetic administration with XARACOLL cannot be avoided based on clinical need, monitor patients for neurologic and cardiovascular effects related to local anesthetic systemic toxicity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1), Drug Interactions (7), Overdosage (10)].
  * Use XARACOLL only if the following are immediately available: oxygen, other resuscitative drugs, cardiopulmonary resuscitative equipment, and the personnel resources needed for proper management of toxic reactions and related emergencies [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1), Adverse Reactions (6), Overdosage (10)].
  * XARACOLL is supplied as a sterile product that should be handled using aseptic technique. XARACOLL is designed as a ready-to-use product and requires no preparation other than cutting the individual implants as needed to accommodate the surgical space.
  * Each single-dose package (pouch) of XARACOLL contains three implants comprising the total dose of 300 mg bupivacaine HCl. Inspect the outer pouch and inner blister packaging prior to use. Do not use XARACOLL if the packaging has been compromised.
  * XARACOLL is white to off-white in color, has uniform thickness, and is approximately 5 cm × 5 cm × 0.5 cm in size. Do not use XARACOLL if it appears discolored, contains foreign particulates, or is collapsed, compressed, or misshapen.
  * Avoid excessive handling and compression of XARACOLL.
  * Avoid contact of XARACOLL with liquids prior to placement. Place the XARACOLL implant into the surgical site dry. Pre-moistening may result in premature release of bupivacaine from XARACOLL.
Six subjects will be enrolled in this group. MRI measures will be performed at baseline and 48 hours post-exercise, when the largest amount of muscle damage is typically observed. They will be tested for maximum strength of the dorsiflexors and then undergo an eccentric exercise protocol for both lower legs on the Biodex with varying loads. Approximately two days after the exercise protocol, the participants will have another MRI of the lower legs to assess any change in T2 relaxation time as a construct of muscle edema/damage.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily grasp at a glance both regular and non-regular information at the side of a server device by applying the information selected out of a database at a fixed position of a business form and also applying the non- regular information in a prescribed reduction ratio. SOLUTION: In a visiting nursing job support system, every visiting nurse carries a PAD 100. A server 200 concentrically manages the data sent from every PAD 100 in a database and occasionally outputs various business forms based on various received data. When the business forms are produced, the necessary data are occasionally retrieved and applied to each designated business form based on a prescribed format after the data are processed. When the data are processed, the output positions are decided on a business form for each of various data and the bit map information is reduced in a prescribed ratio. The data output positions are specified based on the format of each business form. In such a way, a caring flow can be easily grasped in terms of time.