anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Accurate assessment of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is crucial for researching kidney disease in rats. Although validation of methods that assess GFR is crucial, large-scale comparisons between different methods are lacking. Both transcutaneous GFR (tGFR) and a newly developed estimated GFR (eGFR) equation by our group provide a low-invasive approach enabling repeated measurements. The tGFR is a single bolus method using FITC-labeled sinistrin to measure GFR based on half-life of the transcutaneous signal, whilst the eGFR is based on urinary sinistrin clearance. Here, we retrospectively compared tGFR, using both 1- and 3- compartment models (tGFR_1c and tGFR_3c, respectively) to the eGFR in a historic cohort of 43 healthy male rats and 84 male rats with various models of chronic kidney disease. The eGFR was on average considerably lower than tGFR-1c and tGFR-3c (mean differences 855 and 216 μL/min, respectively) and only 20 and 47% of measurements were within 30% of each other, respectively. The relative difference between eGFR and tGFR was highest in rats with the lowest GFR. Possible explanations for the divergence are problems inherent to tGFR, such as technical issues with signal measurement, description of the signal kinetics, and translation of half-life to tGFR, which depends on distribution volume. The unknown impact of isoflurane anesthesia used in determining mGFR remains a limiting factor. Thus, our study shows that there is a severe disagreement between GFR measured by tGFR and eGFR, stressing the need for more rigorous validation of the tGFR and possible adjustments to the underlying technique.
The neurotransmitter glycine is an agonist at the strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors. In addition, it has recently been discovered to act at two new receptors, the excitatory glycine receptor and metabotropic glycine receptor. Glycine's neurotransmitter roles have been most extensively investigated in the spinal cord, where it is known to play essential roles in pain, itch, and motor function. In contrast, less is known about supraspinal glycinergic functions, and their contributions to pain circuits are largely unrecognized. As glycinergic neurons are absent from cortical regions, a clearer understanding of how supraspinal glycine modulates pain could reveal new pharmacological targets. This review aims to synthesize the published research on glycine's role in the adult brain, highlighting regions where glycine signaling may modulate pain responses. This was achieved through a scoping review methodology identifying several key regions of supraspinal pain circuitry where glycine signaling is involved. Therefore, this review unveils critical research gaps for supraspinal glycine's potential roles in pain and pain-associated responses, encouraging researchers to consider glycinergic neurotransmission more widely when investigating neural mechanisms of pain.
Persistently high, worldwide mortality from cancer highlights the unresolved challenges of disease surveillance and detection that impact survival. Development of a non-invasive, blood-based biomarker would transform survival from cancer. We demonstrate the functionality of ultra-high content analyses of a newly identified population of tumor cells that are hybrids between neoplastic and immune cells in patient matched tumor and peripheral blood specimens. Using oligonucleotide conjugated antibodies (Ab-oligo) permitting cyclic immunofluorescence (cyCIF), we present analyses of phenotypes among tumor and peripheral blood hybrid cells. Interestingly, the majority of circulating hybrid cell (CHC) subpopulations were not identified in tumor-associated hybrids. These results highlight the efficacy of ultra-high content phenotypic analyses using Ab-oligo based cyCIF applied to both tumor and peripheral blood specimens. The combination of a multiplex phenotypic profiling platform that is gentle enough to analyze blood to detect and evaluate disseminated tumor cells represents a novel approach to exploring novel tumor biology and potential utility for developing the population as a blood-based biomarker in cancer.
The invention belongs to the technical field of veterinary drug, and discloses a preparation method of a chitosan nano particle. The main component of the chitosan nano particle is an anti-parasite drug, the carrier of the chitosan nano particle is chitosan, the weight ratio of the anti-parasite drug to chitosan is 1:10 to 1:30, and the optimum range of the weight ratio of the anti-parasite drug to chitosan is 1:4 to 1:8. The prepared chitosan nano particle is in a round shape. The shape of the chitosan nano particle is normal. The chitosan nano particles do not agglomerate together. The particle size of the chitosan nano particle is small, and the particle size distribution is narrow. The results of experiments taking rabbits as the models have proved that: the anti-parasite drug embedded by chitosan is absorbed faster, and the bio-utilization rate of the anti-parasite drug is higher, compared to those of anti-parasite drugs in conventional dosage forms.
Laparoscopy for general surgery followed and proved to be advantageous in reduction of postoperative pain, better cosmetic results, quicker return to normal activities, reduction in hospital stay resulting in overall reduction in medical cost, less intraoperative bleeding, less postoperative pulmonary complications, less postoperative wound infection, reduced metabolic derangement, and better postoperative respiratory function. In recent years, advanced laparoscopic surgery has targeted older and sicker patients, rendering anesthesia during laparoscopy more technically demanding. Robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is rapidly becoming a part of the standard surgical repertoire for the treatment of prostate cancer. Robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy are primarily related to the use of pneumoperitoneum in the steep Trendelenburg position. This combination will affect cerebrovascular, respiratory and hemodynamic homeostasis. The golden standard method for measuring cardiac output in the clinical setting is thermodilution using a pulmonary artery catheter, but the risk of pulmonary artery catheter insertion can not be justified in routine cases. The Vigileo-FloTrac system (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA, USA), is a less invasive method to obtain continuous CO using pulse contour analysis. The aim of this study is to observe the cardiovascular effects of the degree of head-down angle and pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic procedure using by the fourth version Vigileo-Flotrac system.

We choose 180 ASA physical status I to III patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery are enrolled in this study. These surgical procedures include laparoscopic cholecystectomy, laparoscopic gastrectomy, laparoscopic colectomy, laparoscopic appendectomy, laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy, robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. These surgical procedures provide the information about the different degree of head-down angle and different intra-abdominal pressure of pneumoperitoneum. Hemodynamic data are recorded immediately after induction of anesthesia; 5 min after induction of pneumoperitoneum; 5, 15, 30, 60 min, and every 30 min if duration more than 60 min after placement in the Trendelenburg position with pneumoperitoneum; and the end.

After observing the cardiovascular effects of degree of head-down, insufflation pressure, duration of surgery, we can prevent the possible complications in advance during laparoscopic surgery. After completing the study, we will be familiar with the use of Vigileo-FloTrac system. We will have more experiences to deal with high-risk patients undergoing simple surgical procedure.
INTRODUCTION: Dissolved-phase 129Xe MRI metrics suggest that gas diffusion may be more compromised at submaximal lung inflation compared to maximal inflation. We hypothesized that this diffusion deficit could be detected by comparing the carbon monoxide transfer coefficient (Kco) at submaximal lung inflation to that measured routinely at total lung capacity (TLC).
METHODS: Asthma and COPD patients performed carbon monoxide diffusion tests, first at maximal lung inflation for routine Kco and alveolar volume VA and then, at a 30 % reduced inflation (redux; obtaining Kcoredux and VAredux). At both inflations mixing efficiency was determined as VA/TLC and VAredux/TLCredux to examine a potential effect on Kcoredux/Kco behavior.
RESULTS: In normal subjects (n=36), median Kcoredux/Kco amounted to 130 [IQR:122-136]% as expected for normal Kco recruitment response. However, 60 % of asthma patients (49/83) and 80 % of COPD patients (44/55) showed reduced Kco recruitment at submaximal inflation (Kcoredux/Kco<122 %). In the asthma group, with otherwise normal routine Kco, Kcoredux/Kco was significantly correlated with RV/TLC ratio (r=-0.53;P<0.001), but not with VA/TLC. In COPD patients, all with abnormal routine Kco, abnormal Kcoredux/Kco response occurred in those patients with lower FEV1, higher RV/TLC and lower VA/TLC (P<0.01 for all).
CONCLUSION: Sizeable portions of COPD and asthma patients showed a lack of normal Kco recruitment at submaximal lung inflation, related to high RV/TLC. In asthma, this was the case despite normal Kco at full lung inflation, suggesting that hyperinflation at lung volumes less than TLC affects the carbon monoxide diffusion rate constant by distorting pulmonary capillaries and alveolar-capillary membranes.
Pneumonia (PNA) is a leading cause of death and a major public health problem in the elderly, particularly for nursing home (NH) residents. Thus, there is an urgent need for effective strategies to prevent PNA in elderly. An important predisposing factor that may account for the higher incidence of PNA in older adults is the age-associated decline in T cell function. Importantly, there are remarkable similarities between Zn deficiency and age-induced changes in T cells. The investigators have shown that 29% of NH residents have low serum Zn levels, which was associated with higher incidence and duration of PNA, and antibiotic use. Although our preliminary data strongly suggest that low serum Zn is an independent risk factor for PNA in the elderly, a controlled clinical trial is critically needed to determine the efficacy of Zn supplementation in PNA prevention in this population. The objective of the larger clinical trial that will pursue the studies proposed in this R34 is to determine the effects of Zn supplementation on PNA outcomes in NH elderly and to understand their mechanistic basis. The central hypothesis is that improving Zn status in NH elderly with low serum Zn will reduce the incidence and duration of PNA, and the frequency of antibiotic use, and that the effect of Zn is mediated mainly through the improvement of T cell function. The rationale for conducting the proposed clinical trial is to determine the value of Zn supplementation as an inexpensive, easily implemented intervention that would aid in the prevention of PNA in the elderly. In a previous study NH elderly with low serum Zn levels, who were supplemented with 30 mg/d of Zn and ½ RDA of essential micronutrients showed, on average, significantly improved serum Zn levels. However, only 58% of participant became serum Zn adequate. The investigators therefore hypothesize that either a higher dose or a longer duration of supplementation is required to achieve adequate serum Zn levels in all Zn deficient elderly. The rationale for conducting the proposed pilot study is to determine the most effective yet safe dose for Zn supplementation in NH residents to be used in the larger clinical trial described above. The Specific Aim of the proposed two-year, pilot study is to establish the optimal dose of supplemental Zn to achieve adequate Zn status, and improved T cell function in Zn deficient elderly. This will be accomplished by conducting a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial to test the efficacy of supplementation with 30 or 60 mg/d of Zn for 12 months on serum and T cell Zn levels, T cell function, and adverse events. The findings of this proposal are scientifically essential, yet sufficient, to allow us to make definitive decisions that inform the final design of our planned clinical trial, which aims to establish the value of Zn supplementation as an inexpensive, easily implemented intervention that would aid in the prevention of PNA, limit the duration of PNA, and consequently reduce the need for antimicrobial therapy in the elderly.
Sézary syndrome (SS) is a rare and aggressive T-cell lymphoma with a poor prognosis in advanced stages. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) offers a potential cure, but complications such as graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) remain a clinical challenge. Mogamulizumab, a humanized anti-CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) antibody, is sometimes used as a bridge to transplantation, but its potential interactions with allo-HCT are unclear. This report describes the case of a 37-year-old man with advanced SS who received mogamulizumab therapy followed by allo-HCT from an HLA-identical sibling donor. The patient developed severe gastrointestinal acute GvHD, which was treated with steroids and infliximab. However, the condition rapidly progressed to severe intestinal symptoms and life-threatening haemorrhagic shock, ultimately resulting in the patient's death. This case highlights a potential link between mogamulizumab and severe acute GvHD promoted by drug-induced suppression of regulatory T cells. Further research is required to fully understand the interaction between mogamulizumab and allo-HCT and to determine whether it is an optimal approach as a bridge to transplant therapy. This paradigmatic case suggests the need of personalizing transplant strategies by selecting appropriate conditioning therapy and GvHD prophylaxis to minimize potential toxicity.
This is a prospective, longitudinal, multi-center, observational study designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of SPINRAZA® (nusinersen) in ambulatory and non-ambulatory adult patients with SMA. Subjects with SMA II/III that are 18 years to 70 years of age who are planning to initiate treatment with SPINRAZA® (nusinersen) as part of their clinical care plan will be enrolled in this study. This study does not provide SPINRAZA® (nusinersen) or cover costs associated with standard clinical care.These patients will be treated by their respective physicians according to standard clinical practice. Study visits, some of which including standardized assessments of strength and function, will occur at baseline, day 15 after treatment initiation, day 30, day 60, and then 4-month intervals through month 30.

After 30 months an additional cohort 2 was added. The approval date was March 13, 2023. The cohort 2 is a one time survey to gain a better understanding of this adult population and their treatment preferences.
The proposed study aims to understand the factors that influence screening behaviors of adults with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). HHT is a chronic condition, but with early diagnosis followed by adherence to recommended screening guidelines, the major complications of this disorder can be avoided and disability or even death can be prevented. Yet, it has come to the attention of healthcare professionals that the recommended screening is not commonly followed by individuals with HHT, even when the risk of serious complications is known. Nonadherence to screening recommendations is not unique to HHT. It is rather common across chronic conditions, and genetic diseases, such as HHT, are no exception. However, HHT may have an added barrier to screening and treatment adherence in that it is a rare and underdiagnosed condition. Inadequate knowledge of healthcare providers may be a serious barrier to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The Health Belief Model (HBM) can be used to frame this study of HHT screening. The HBM posits that preventive health behaviors will be acted upon if individuals regard themselves as susceptible to the threat, they believe the consequences to be severe, and the perceived benefits outweigh the perceived barriers. In addition to the HBM constructs, this study will also consider the role of illness representations which provide a more personal view of the lived experience of individuals with HHT. A cosss-sectional design will be used to investigate the relationships among the domains of illness representations, HBM constructs (perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, barriers, self-efficacy, response efficacy, cues to action), and HHT-specific screening guidelines. Participants will be recruited from the HHT Foundation International, Inc., an outline HHT Awareness social group, and HHT Clinics. Participants will be asked to complete either a web-based or a paper survey. The main outcome measure is screening behaviors and intentions to screen for complications associated with HHT.
Participants will receive TAK-004 (dose to be decided \[TBD\]) or matching-placebo subcutaneous injection, once daily for 5 days (i.e., Day 1 to 5) in each 5 multi-ascending dose cohorts (M1-M5). The dose in Part 2 will be determined at the dose escalation meeting based upon emerging safety, tolerability, and available PK data from Part 1.
The present invention relates to an anti-cancer medicine composition containing glucocorticoid. Said anti-cancer medicine composition is a slow-release injection formed from slow-release microsphere and solvent. Said slow-release microsphere includes anti-cancer medicine of taxane, alkylation agent and/or plant alkaloid, glucocorticoid and slow-release auxiliary material, and the solvent is a special solvent containing suspension adjuvant. The glucocorticoid is selected from prednisone, dexamethasone, betamethasone, triamcinolone and triamcinolone acetonide, etc. The slow-release auxiliary material is selected from racemic polylactic acid and its glycolic acid copolymer, polyethylene glycol and its polylactic acid copolymer, carboxyl-terminated polylactic acid copolymer and fatty acid and sebacic acid copolymer or mixture. The suspension adjuvant is selected from carboxymethylcellulose sodium, etc. Said medicine composition also can be made into slow-release implantation preparation.
Participants will complete three separate respiratory strength training blocks. In each block, participants will receive 5 days of AIH, 5 days of AIHH, and 5 days of sham AIH in random order, followed by respiratory strength training. Each block will include 5 days of intervention and training, and post-testing 1, 3, and 7 days after intervention and training has concluded.
Pancreatojejunostomy is generally a combination of suture between the pancreatic parenchyma and the seromuscular layer of the jejunum, and duct-to-mucosa suture. The clinical study about the various kinds of pancreatojejunostomy have been reported for the purpose of lowering the frequency of POPF; however, the frequency of more than grade B POPF is still around 10 to 20%. In soft pancreas cases with unexpanded pancreatic ducts, the risk is further elevated.

The polyglycolic acid (PGA) felt is an absorbable suture reinforcing material. It is generally used to reinforce sutures of fragile tissues such as the lung, bronchi, liver, and gastrointestinal tract, and to reinforce a wide range of tissue defects. Regarding pancreatojejunostomy using a PGA felt, the incidence of POPF formation was decreased in some retrospective studies; on the other hand, no significant difference was found in other study. As described above, the pancreatojejunostomy aimed at reducing POPF is not established at present. We devised a new method using doubly PGA felt. This study is a multicenter, randomized phase III trial between Japan and Korea to verify the usefulness of this double coating of PGA felt.
Primiparous mothers in the experimental group answered the postpartum depression scale before baby massage training. Afterwards, baby massage training (30 min.) was given. Baby model, baby massage video CD and brochure were used in the training. Primiparous mothers were told to apply baby massage regularly for 15 minutes, once a day, every day from the 5th to 42nd day after birth. An "Baby Massage Follow-up Form" was given to primiparous mothers to record the days of massage. Baby massage application order was provided by phone calls twice a week. Primiparous mothers answered the maternal attachment scale and the postpartum depression scale (post-test) on postpartum 42nd day.
The same 20 subjects with iEEG electrodes implanted who perform Study Experiment Condition 2 will perform the same eye-tracking memory task described for Study Experiment Condition 1. For these subjects, high-frequency electrical stimulation will be delivered through the iEEG electrodes on a subset of study trials, with half of stimulated trials receiving stimulation of the hippocampus and the other half receiving stimulation of the amygdala. This memory task will take about 1.5 hours to complete and will be performed on a different day of their inpatient visit than the procedures for Study Experiment Condition 2.
Obesity in adolescence is increasing in frequency and is associated with elevated proinflammatory cytokines and chronic pain in a sex-dependent manner. Dietary probiotics may mitigate these detrimental effects of obesity. Using a Long-Evans adolescent and adult rat model of overweight (high-fat diet (HFD) - 45% kcal from fat from weaning), we determined the effect of a single-strain dietary probiotic [Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 299v (Lp299v) from weaning] on the theoretically increased neuropathic injury-induced pain phenotype and inflammatory cytokines. We found that although HFD increased fat mass, it did not markedly affect pain phenotype, particularly in adolescence, but there were subtle differences in pain in adult male versus female rats. The combination of HFD and Lp299v augmented the increase in leptin in adolescent females. There were many noninteracting main effects of age, diet, and probiotic on an array of cytokines and adipokines with adults being higher than adolescents, HFD higher than the control diet, and a decrease with probiotic compared with placebo. Of particular interest were the probiotic-induced increases in IL12p70 in female adolescents on an HFD. We conclude that a more striking pain phenotype could require a higher and longer duration caloric diet or a different etiology of pain. A major strength of our study was that a single-strain probiotic had a wide range of inhibiting effects on most proinflammatory cytokines. The positive effect of the probiotic on leptin in female adolescent rats is intriguing and worthy of exploration.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A single-strain probiotic (Lp299v) had a wide range of inhibiting effects on most proinflammatory cytokines (especially IL12p70) measured in this high-fat diet rat model of mild obesity. The positive effect of probiotic on leptin in female adolescent rats is intriguing and worthy of exploration.
The pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir have been investigated in 5 studies in pediatric patients from birth to 13 years of age either receiving VIRACEPT three times or twice daily. The dosing regimens and associated AUC24 values are summarized in Table 5.

Pharmacokinetic data are also available for 86 patients (age 2 to 12 years) who received VIRACEPT 25–35 mg/kg TID in Study AG1343-556. The pharmacokinetic data from Study AG1343-556 were more variable than data from other studies conducted in the pediatric population; the 95% confidence interval for AUC24 was 9 to 121 mg.hr/L.

Overall, use of VIRACEPT in the pediatric population is associated with highly variable drug exposure. The high variability may be due to inconsistent food intake in pediatric patients. (See PRECAUTIONS: Pediatric Use, DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.)