anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Postcraniotomy headache (PCH) is a common adverse event and can lead to various complications and decreased quality of life.
RECENT FINDINGS: To reduce postcraniotomy pain and associated complications, a multimodal pain therapy including analgesics, analgesic adjuncts, and regional anesthesia is essential. The use of opioids should be minimized to facilitate prompt postoperative neurosurgical assessment. Here, we provide an update on the latest evidence regarding the role of scalp nerve blocks in the pain management of patients undergoing craniotomy procedure. Nerve blocks are effective in alleviating postoperative pain after craniotomy. Scalp blocks contribute to lower pain levels and less opioid consumption in the first 48 h following surgery. Moreover, there is a significant decrease in patients suffering from PONV among patients who receive scalp block.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves the analysis of umbilical blood newborn at the III-d delivery period. Method involves the determination of water bound with erythrocytes by volume-weight dilatometric procedure. Obtained data allow to estimate compensatory processes in newborn and make the development prognosis. Noncomplicated course of neonatal period is forecasted at the content of water bound with erythrocytes less than 12.5%. Perinatal risk is forecasted if this value is above 12.5%. EFFECT: accelerated, simplified method, enhanced precision of prognosis.
AIMS: The beneficial effects of exercise on reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease are established. However, the potential interaction between genetic risk for type 2 diabetes and physical activity on cardiovascular outcomes remains elusive. We aimed to investigate the effect of type 2 diabetes genetic risk-physical activity interaction on cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with diabetes.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Using the UK Biobank cohort, we investigated the effect of type 2 diabetes genetic risk-physical activity interaction on three-point and four-point major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), in 25 701 diabetic participants. We used a polygenic risk score for type 2 diabetes (PRS_T2D) as a measure of genetic risk for type 2 diabetes. We observed a significant interaction between PRS_T2D and physical activity on cardiovascular outcomes (three-point MACE: P trend for interaction = 0.0081; four-point MACE: P trend for interaction = 0.0037). Among participants whose PRS_T2D was in the first or second quartile, but not in the third or fourth quartile, each 10 metabolic equivalents (METs) hours per week of physical activity decreased the risk of three-point or four-point MACE. Furthermore, restricted cubic spline analysis indicated that intense physical activity (>80 METs hours per week, which was self-reported by 12.7% of participants) increased the risk of cardiovascular outcomes among participants whose PRS_T2D was in the fourth quartile. Sub-group analysis suggested that negative impact of intense physical activity was observed only in non-insulin users.
CONCLUSION: The beneficial effect of physical activity on cardiovascular outcomes disappeared among those with high genetic risk for type 2 diabetes.
Hybrid development is one of the most promising strategies for boosting crop yields. Parental lines used to create hybrids must have good per se performance and disease resistance for developing superior hybrids. Indian wheat line HD3209 was developed by introducing the rust resistance genes Lr19/Sr25 into the background of popular wheat variety HD2932. The wheat line HD3209 carrying Lr19/Sr25 has been successfully and rapidly converted to the CMS line A-HD3209, with 96.01% background genome recovery, based on selection for agro-morphological traits, rust resistance, pollen sterility, and foreground and background analyses utilizing SSR markers. The converted CMS line A-HD3209 was completely sterile and nearly identical to the recurrent parent HD3209. Based on high per se performance and rust resistance, the study concludes that the derived CMS line A-HD3209 is promising and can be employed successfully in hybrid development.
Participants will be dosed with Ca-41, a rare long-lived radioisotope of calcium. After the equilibration of tracer in the body and its deposition in bones (150 days), subjects will be randomized to one of 6 dose sequences, all of which will begin with a 42-day baseline period. During baseline, 24-hour urine will be collected every 14 days. Following baseline, subjects will enter a 42-day intervention period with one of three doses of blueberries equivalent to 0.75 (low), 1.5 (medium), and 3 cups (high) of blueberries per day. Each dose will be provided in the form of freeze-dried blueberry powder incorporated in 2-4 foods or beverages per day. During the intervention, 24-hour urine will be collected weekly for 6 weeks except week 1. After intervention, subjects will enter a 42-day washout period, during which 24-hour urine will be collected every 3 weeks. The entire study duration will be 444 days for subjects who have not been dosed with Ca-41 previously. In a crossover design, all subjects will complete three 42-day intervention periods corresponding to the three doses of blueberries (low, medium, and high), each followed by a 42-day washout period. The dose-response effect of continuous blueberry consumption over a 42-day period on bone resorption in healthy post-menopausal women will be studied by measuring the loss of Ca-41 in urine by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry.
FIELD: virology. SUBSTANCE: strain of Newcastle virus disease "M-VNIIVViM" is obtained from epizootic virus isolated from broiler chickens in poultry plant in town Murmansk by selection for trait of maximal accumulation in transplantable cellular culture VNK-21/13. Strain obtained on the level of 6-15 passages can be used as living cultural vaccine for poultry immunization against Newcastle disease in poultry plants. Vaccine is safety and shows areactogenic and immunogenic properties based on checking experimental series of vaccine. A single vaccination of poultry provides 75-100% protection from control infection with epizootic Newcastle disease virus in the dose 3000-5000 ELD 50 /head. EFFECT: valuable properties of vaccine. 1 tbl
This study examined factors associated with the recurrence of interpersonal violence against children and adolescents in Mato Grosso state, considering cases recorded in the Notifiable Diseases Information System, from 2013 to 2019. Associations between variables were estimated by logistic regression and stratified by age group (children and adolescents). The frequency of recurrent violence against children was 49.0% and, against adolescents, 42.9%. For both, recurrent violence was positively associated with occurrence at home, psychological or emotional violence, aggressors' being more than two, their being relatives and threats being the means of aggression. Neglect or abandonment and male or both-sex aggressors were positively associated with recurrent violence against children. Against adolescents, poor education, sexual violence and intimate-partner aggressors were positively associated with recurrent violence, while other aggressors and firearms or physical force were negatively associated. The findings offer significant contributions to knowledge of factors associated with recurrent violence, which is still little studied in the national and international literature. This is essential in order to inform strategies to reduce the recurrence of violence and protect children and adolescents.
Participants will complete a 12 week mHealth technology assisted exercise counselling intervention. Participants will co-develop a 3-month structured exercise and PA programme, with support from an exercise specialist. All participants will have 4 exercise consultations with their exercise specialist. The intervention will be supported by 3 mHealth elements; 1) a wrist worn fitness watch, 2) a smartphone app for patients, and 3) a coaching website for the exercise specialist. The 3 elements will be synced, allowing data to be transferred between platforms.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound having the sequence of 1-24 amino acids from the side of the amino terminal expressed by the formula and the following physico-chemical properties. Molecular weight; 19,000+ or -2,000 (measured by a gel filtration method using TSK gel G3000SW) and 16,000+ or -2,000 [sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE)]. Isoelectric point; pH4.9+ or -0.3. Ultraviolet absorption; Maximum value at 277nm and minimum value at 250nm. Aqueous solution; Weak acidic. Color reaction; Capable of assuming color reaction of peptide bonds and amino acids to the biuret reaction, Folin-Lowry reaction method and ninhydrin reaction after hydrolysis. USE:An antitumor agent. PREPARATION:For example, a human-derived cultivated and established lymphatic cell is added to a culture medium and an antitumor substance inducer is added to carry out cultivation. The resultant supernatant liquid is collected by centrifugation, subjected to ion exchange chromatography, ultrafiltered and concentrated and then subjected to gel filtration to afford the aimed low- molecular weight protein having antitumor activity.
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases in developed countries \[1\] and is an emerging problem in developing countries \[2, 3\]. The prevalence of PAD in European population studies ranged from 3.6 to 9.2 % and 10-20 % in those aged over 70 years \[4\]. In a recent meta-analysis, the prevalence of PAD in China increased gradually by age until mid-60s, after which the increase accelerated. In males, the prevalence of PAD ranged from 2.81% (95% CI = 1.77-4.43) in those aged 25-29 years to 21.95% (95% CI = 15.39-30.31) in those 95-99 years old. In females, the PAD prevalence increased from 3.84% (95% CI = 2.44-5.98) in those aged 25-29 years to 27.95% (95% CI = 20.14-37.37) in those aged 95-99 years (3). Between 2000 and 2020, the total number of Chinese people with PAD is expected to increase by 40% from 29.44 million in 2000 to 41.13 million in 2020.

In the early stages, PAD is mostly silent. With the progression of disease, it may manifest as intermittent claudication, pain at rest, non

-healing ulcer and gangrene resulting in lower-extremity amputation \[5\]. PAD is a major cause of disability, loss of employment, and lifestyle changes, and is a marker for systemic atherosclerotic diseases. Patients with symptomatic PAD have at least a 30% risk of death within 5 years rising to almost 50% within 10 years, resulting primarily from myocardial infarction or stroke \[4\]. Despite the major health risks associated with PAD, it is generally not recognized by clinicians or the general public in comparison with other cardiovascular diseases. Most individuals with lower extremity PAD are asymptomatic and do not experience recognizable ischemic symptoms until late in the disease progression. However, asymptomatic individuals also have higher risk of adverse cardiovascular events similar to those with symptomatic PAD \[6\]. Low awareness makes addressing the public health impact of PAD challenging \[7\]. Many studies have shown that public awareness of PAD is much lower than that of other diseases. It has been reported that awareness of PAD ranged from 20 to 36 %, whereas awareness of other common diseases was more than 60 % in the same population \[6-9\]. Awareness is important for patients and physicians, and the need for public awareness programs has been highlighted \[10, 11\]. There is paucity of published literature on public awareness of PAD in Asian countries. It is difficult to reduce the morbidity and mortality of untreated PAD without adequate public awareness of PAD and its risk factors and consequences \[7\]. Insights into public awareness of PAD will help in developing strategies for behavioral change communication and health promotion. In this study we aimed to assess awareness of PAD among adults in Hong Kong. The survey is designed to measure knowledge of factors that increase the risk for PAD and the clinical risk consequences of having PAD. These data will provide useful information to guide future local public cardiovascular educational efforts.
Epidemiological and observational studies suggest that vitamin D has potential for the chemoprevention of ovarian cancer. The anticancer effect of vitamin D in the fallopian tube epithelium (FTE), which is now thought to harbor the precursor cells for high grade ovarian cancer, is not known. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether vitamin D can inhibit carcinogenesis in the mogp-TAg fallopian tube (FT) ovarian cancer mouse model and examine underlying mechanisms. To test this hypothesis, 3 groups of 40 5-week-old female mogp-TAg mice were divided equally into two cohorts of 20 mice, treated with either vehicle (vitamin D solvent) or the active 1,25(OH)2D3 analogue EB1089, delivered via mini-pump or IP injection or cholecalciferol delivered in the feed. The FTs were characterized histologically and pathologically after 3 and 7 weeks of treatment. The effect of vitamin D on cultured human FTE cells was also examined. After 3 weeks, vitamin D, delivered as either cholecalciferol or EB1089 significantly inhibited FT carcinogenesis. After 7 weeks, cholecalciferol significantly reduced p53 signatures, serous tubal epithelial carcinoma, FT cancer, and plasma CA125 while increasing apoptosis in the FTE. EB1089 had no significant effect on FT carcinogenesis at 7 weeks. Cholecalciferol significantly reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis in vitro in p53-altered FTE cells. In conclusion, vitamin D inhibited FT carcinogenesis by clearing cells with p53 alterations. These data suggest that vitamin D has merit for the chemoprevention of fallopian tube/ovarian cancer. The optimal chemopreventive effect may be dependent on the route of vitamin D administration.
Gestational diabetes (GDM) is associated with a significantly increased risk of type 2 diabetes, with 1/3 of individuals with GDM developing glucose intolerance in the first 3 years postpartum. The American Diabetes Association recommends a follow up oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 4-12 weeks after delivery for all patients with GDM, but rates of follow up screening are as low as 19%. OGTT presents many challenges to postpartum patients, including lengthy visits and the need to fast for at least 8 hours, that likely impact these follow up rates. There is also evidence that many individuals with normal OGTT develop dysglycemia within the first year postpartum, leading to concerns about the diagnostic yield of OGTT. Continuous glucose monitors (CGM) have revolutionized the care of type 1 and 2 diabetes, but its utility in GDM is poorly studied. There are many potential benefits of CGM as a possible GDM postpartum screening, including the ability to transmit data remotely and increased glycemic data, but the impact CGMs have on quality of life postpartum and if they would be acceptable screening methods for patients after delivery has yet to be studied. Our research aims to understand the acceptability and feasibility of CGM for detection of ongoing dysglycemia in the postpartum period in GDM. A sample of 20 postpartum individuals with a history of GDM will have CGMs placed at 6-8 weeks postpartum . Participants will have surveys after the CGM period about CGM impact on quality of life as well as complete a validated glucose monitoring satisfaction survey. They will then complete the standard of care OGTT at 10-12 weeks postpartum and be asked to compare their experience with CGM versus OGTT and which screening method they found preferable. Wear times and study dropout rates will be analyzed for intervention fidelity as a marker of feasibility. The investigators will begin to characterize postpartum glycemia by mean serum glucose, time in range (TIR) and coefficient of variation (CV) as measured by CGM. Glycemic data will be compared to a 12-week OGTT to determine relative sensitivity. This study could determine if CGM may provide a novel screening method for postpartum GDM that is acceptable to patients.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow a person capable of using only one hand to operate an insulin injection syringe by fitting an injection needle unit fixing tool and an insulin holder fixing tool via a support tool to a support base respectively. SOLUTION: An insulin holder fixing tool 1 having a vane is fitted to a support base 4 by a support tool 2 with the vane removed. An injection needle fixing tool 3 having an elastically deformable hole at the center section is installed on the support base 4 at a position off the axis of the insulin holder fixing tool 1. An insulin holder 25 is inserted into the insulin holder fixing tool 1 while the insulin holder fixing tool 1 is located on this side and the scale 0 of the insulin holder fixing tool 1 is matched with the unit match 22 of an insulin injector 21. The support base 4 is rotated to locate the injection needle fixing tool 3 on this side for use. A person capable of using only one hand can operate the insulin injector 21.
INTRODUCTION: Immunometabolism is essential factor of tumor progression, and tumor-associated macrophages are characterized by substantial changes in their metabolic status. In this study for the first time, we applied targeted amino acid LC-MS/MS analysis to compare amino acid metabolism of circulating monocytes isolated from patients with breast, ovarian, lung, and colorectal cancer.
METHODS: Monocyte metabolomics was analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/ MS) analysis of amino acid extracts. The targeted analysis of 26 amino acids was conducted by LCMS/MS on an Agilent 6460 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source and an Agilent 1260 II liquid chromatograph.
RESULTS: Comparison of monocytes of cancer patients with monocytes of healthy control individuals demonstrated that in breast cancer most pronounced changes were identified for tryptophan (AUC = 0.76); for ovarian cancer, aminobutyric acid was significantly elevated (AUC= 1.00); for lung cancer significant changes we indented for citrulline (AUC = 0.70). In order to identify key amino acids that are characteristic for monocytes in specific cancer types, we compared each individual cancer with other 3 types of cancer. We found, that aspartic acid and citrulline are specific for monocytes of patients with colorectal cancer (p<0.001, FC = 1.40 and p=0.003, FC = 1.42 respectively). Citrulline, sarcosine and glutamic acid are ovarian cancer-specific amino acids (p = 0.003, FC = 0.78, p = 0.003, FC = 0.62, p = 0.02, FC = 0.78 respectively). Glutamine, methionine and phenylalanine (p = 0.048, FC = 1.39. p = 0.03, FC = 1.27 and p = 0.02, FC = 1.41) are lung cancer-specific amino acids. Ornithine in monocytes demonstrated strong positive correlation (r = 0.63) with lymph node metastasis incidence in breast cancer patients. Methyl histidine and cysteine in monocytes had strong negative correlation with lymph node metastasis in ovarian cancer patients (r = -0.95 and r = -0.95 respectively). Arginine, citrulline and ornithine have strong negative correlation with tumor size (r = -0.78, citrulline) and lymph node metastasis (r = -0.63 for arginine and r = -0.66 for ornithine).
DISCUSSION: These alterations in monocyte amino acid metabolism can reflect the reaction of systemic innate immunity on the growing tumor. Our data indicate that this metabolic programming is cancer specific and can be inhibiting cancer progression. Cancer-specific differences in citrulline, as molecular link between metabolic pathways and epigenetic programing, provide new option for the development and validation of anti-cancer therapies using inhibitors of enzymes catalyzing citrullination.
The association of early-onset non-progressive ataxia and miosis is an extremely rare phenotypic entity occasionally reported in the literature. To date, only one family (two siblings and their mother) has benefited from a genetic diagnosis by the identification of a missense heterozygous variant (p.Arg36Cys) in the ITPR1 gene. This gene encodes the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1, an intracellular channel that mediates calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum. Deleterious variants in this gene are known to be associated with two types of spinocerebellar ataxia, SCA15 and SCA29, and with Gillespie syndrome that is associated with ataxia, partial iris hypoplasia, and intellectual disability. In this work, we describe a novel individual carrying a heterozygous missense variant (p.Arg36Pro) at the same position in the N-terminal suppressor domain of ITPR1 as the family previously reported, with the same phenotype associating early-onset non-progressive ataxia and miosis. This second report confirms the implication of ITPR1 in the miosis-ataxia syndrome and therefore broadens the clinical spectrum of the gene. Moreover, the high specificity of the phenotype makes it a recognizable syndrome of genetic origin.
MEPRON (atovaquone oral suspension) is a quinone antimicrobial drug. The chemical name of atovaquone is trans-2-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl]-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione. Atovaquone is a yellow crystalline solid that is practically insoluble in water. It has a molecular weight of 366.84 and the molecular formula C22H19ClO3. The compound has the following structural formula:

MEPRON oral suspension is a formulation of micro‑fine particles of atovaquone. 

Each 5 mL of MEPRON oral suspension contains 750 mg of atovaquone and the inactive ingredients benzyl alcohol, flavor, poloxamer 188, purified water, saccharin sodium, and xanthan gum.
BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of tranexamic acid (TXA) as an antifibrinolytic agent in total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is well documented; however, there remains considerable practice variability concerning the optimal route of administration and dosing protocols concerning the medication's use. Our aim was to conduct a scoping review of the literature regarding the efficacy of various methods of TXA administration in TSA and to identify knowledge gaps that may be addressed.
METHODS: A scoping review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The PubMed and MEDLINE electronic databases were searched to identify all articles published before March 2023 investigating the administration of TXA in TSA. Randomized controlled trials and cohort studies were included, and data were extracted to capture information regarding intervention details and related outcomes such as blood loss, transfusion needs, and complication rates.
RESULTS: A total of 15 studies were included in this review. All selected studies used either intravenous (IV) or topical TXA, with 1 study also including a combined approach of both topical and IV TXA. Of the studies that used an IV approach, the most commonly reported favorable outcomes were a reduction in blood volume loss, reduction in hemoglobin or hematocrit change, and decreased drain output. Dosing varied significantly between all identified studies because some used a standard dosing amount in grams or milligrams for all treatment group participants, whereas others used weight-based dosing amounts. All studies that used a weight-based dosing regimen as well as studies using a standard dosing amount between 1,000 and 5,000 mg reported favorable outcomes for postoperative blood loss.
CONCLUSION: Both IV and topical TXA clearly demonstrate favorable perioperative hematologic profiles in TSA. Although both approaches have demonstrated a successful association with decreased blood loss and transfusion requirements, there is no definitive benefit to choosing one over the other. Furthermore, the use of oral TXA either in combination or isolation warrants further study in TSA because of its comparable efficacy profiles and significantly lower associated costs of application.