anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Even with the addition of durvalumab to concurrent chemoradiation, approximately only half of the patients are alive at 3 years, and more have progressed already, either locally or distant. Not much is known regarding to identification of patients that will benefit from adjuvant durvalumab, or regarding resistance to adjuvant durvalumab after chemoradiation. Most data on immunotherapy resistance come from metastatic patients treated with monotherapy PD-(L)1 antagonists. Depending on PD-L1 expression level, 10-44% of patients respond well to PD-(L)1 antagonists. The majority of patients are either unresponsive, or experience a tumor recurrence after achieving an initial response. The development of individual immunological treatment strategies (e.g. selection of best treatment: mono- or combination ICI, ICI combined with chemotherapy, or the addition of radiotherapy) is hampered by the lack of knowledge in the best timing, sequencing, and dosing of all modalities and the lack of optimal biomarkers for monitoring the treatment response. This highlights the need of clear biomarkers that can be used to select the best treatment for each individual patient and predict whether patients will benefit from adjuvant immunotherapy. Currently, there is only limited data available on the functional immune changes after concurrent chemoradiation in NSCLC patients. Identifying the effect of the treatment on immune cells (e.g. T-, B-, NK-cells, dendritic cells, macrophages) and what their functional consequences are is an essential first step to come to prognostic and predictive biomarkers.

Many studies investigating the role of immunomodulatory effects of treatment are carried out in either in vitro or in vivo animal models. However, identified factors frequently hamper clinical validation. In addition, as mentioned earlier, although several immunogenic factors have been shown to be released by irradiated tumor cells, so far, only a limited number of studies searched for potential predictive and prognostic immunological biomarkers.

This will be the first time that the immune effects of both treatment modalities will be studied, with, in addition, the immune changes during durvalumab treatment, which are also unknown at present. By getting more insight in the treatment-induced immunomodulatory effects, ultimately, in subsequent projects, this will allow to determine optimal immune stimulation and hence improved outcomes of subsequent durvalumab immune therapy.
The central mission of the Seattle Dietary Biomarker Development Center (DBDC) is to advance the science of measuring complex dietary exposures by rigorous identification and validation of dietary biomarkers that improve upon measurement error-prone self-reported diet. To accomplish this mission, the Seattle DBDC first conducted a Phase 1 study for biomarker discovery; the Phase 1 study is registered and reported in a separate clinicaltrials.gov record (NCT05580653) as the study design differs from Phase 2.

In Phase 2 (registered in this current clinicaltrials.gov record), the Seattle DBDC will conduct a two-period, crossover, controlled feeding trial to evaluate whether the food biomarkers discovered in Phase 1 are detectable within the context of higher and lower Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2020 diet patterns and to discover metabolomic biomarkers of higher and lower HEI-2020 diet patterns. A total of 30 healthy adults will complete two feeding periods in random order. Each feeding period consists of a 2-day run-in of controlled feeding followed by a 7-day feeding period, with at least a 7-day washout between feeding periods. Metabolomics assays will be conducted on blood and urine specimens collected during the feeding studies for biomarker identification and validation. Stool samples will be collected and archived for future studies.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the relationship between severity of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and pulmonary hypertension.
METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 118 patients with pulmonary hypertension was carried out at a single center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between 2018-2021. Patients who had pulmonary or tricuspid valves organic diseases, previously undergone tricuspid or pulmonary valve surgeries, had permanent pacemakers or critically ill were excluded.
RESULTS: A high proportion of patients were women (n=100, 85%) and obese (n=57, 48%). Patients with more than mild TR had higher systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) than those with trivial or mild regurgitation (p<0.001). There was a significant association between severity of TR (p<0.001) and right chambers size (p=0.001). Furthermore, pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was significantly higher in patients with mild right ventricular impairment (p=0.001).
CONCLUSION: Increase in degree of TR and right atrial size were predictors of elevated sPAP. Our findings highlight the interplay among TR, right heart size, ventricular function, and PAP. Understanding these associations can aid in risk stratification, monitoring disease progression, and potentially guiding treatment in those patients.
Chymopapain protease is purified from a complex soln. by (a) mixing the soln. with increments of cation exchange resin to selectively adsorb some of the protease until the protease activity in the supernatant has decreased to a predetermined minimum level and (b) eluting the protease from the resin. - Pref. the soln. is of crude chymopapain obtd. by (a) forming an aqs. dispersion contg. papaya latex, (b) centrifuging the dispersion to obtain a supernatant, (c) bringing the supernatant to 45% (NH4)2SO4 to obtain a supernatant, (d) acidifying the supernatant to pH2 and (e) bringing the resulting soln. to 75% (NH4)2SO4 to ppte crude chymopapain. The cation exchange resin is pref. a carboxymethyl deriv. of a polymeric carbohydrate such as carboxymethyl dextran or carboxymethyl agarose, esp. CM-Sephadex.
Participants will have measurements taken of spleen stiffness before and after TIPS. Participation will last about 12 months, with visits at 1-2 weeks post-TIPS, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months.
BACKGROUND: Cancer-associated cachexia is a multi-organ disorder associated with progressive weight loss due to a variable combination of anorexia, systemic inflammation and excessive energy wasting. Considering the importance of immunoregulation in cachexia, it still lacks a complete understanding of the immunological mechanisms in cachectic progression.
AIM OF REVIEW: Our aim here is to describe the complex immunoregulatory system in cachexia. We summarize the effects and translational potential of the immune system on the development of cancer-associated cachexia and we attempt to conclude with thoughts on precise and integrated therapeutic strategies under the complex immunological context of cachexia.
KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW: This review is focused on three main key concepts. First, we highlight the inflammatory factors and additional mediators that have been identified to modulate this syndrome. Second, we decipher the potential role of immune checkpoints in tissue wasting. Third, we discuss the multilayered insights in cachexia through the immunometabolic axis, immune-gut axis and immune-nerve axis.
Participants received a single oral dose of the NOMAC-E2 fixed-dose combination commercial tablet (2.5 mg NOMAC/1.5 mg E2), either on the first day of Period 1 and Period 3 (for participants randomized to Sequence 1) or on the first day of Period 2 and Period 4 (for participants randomized to Sequence 2). Participants in Part 2 were from "Site 2".
Participants will be randomized to one arm of the study. One group will be fitted for a support bra and will be asked to wear this bra 24 hours a day for their 6 week post-course. They will submit to 3 questionnaires (at hospital discharge, at 3 weeks post-op and at their 6 week post-op visit with their surgeon. They will diary over this 6 week period re: pain, comfort, wound healing. The group in the no bra arm will also be measured for breast size and will submit to 3 questionnaires (at the same intervals) and will be asked to diary over their 6 week post-op course re: pain, comfort, wound healing. Chronic pain and quality of life markers will be assessed through a 6month and 1 year follow-up telephone call and questionnaire.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: method involves extraction of ground vegetable raw using plants of family Dioscoreaceae, Plantaginaceae and Solanaceae with water. Aqueous extract is centrifuged, concentrated, precipitated with 96% ethyl alcohol in the presence of sodium chloride. Repeated precipitation of obtained deposit is carried out with saline or acid agent followed by treatment of isolated acid crude peptidoglycane with alkali solution or alkaline metal salt saturated solution. Product is purified by gel-penetrating chromatography and drying. Substance obtained by this method is a water-soluble acid peptidoglycane with molecular mass 1200-40000 kDa and mass ratio of glucose to uronic acids = 1: (2-4). Pharmaceutical composition comprises active substance and carrier. Invention allows to obtain the novel vegetable substance from available raw that exhibits the strong expressed immunostimulating, antiviral and antibacterial activity. EFFECT: improved method of preparing, valuable medicinal properties of substance. 8 cl, 12 tbl, 13 ex
1. BACKGROUND. The prevalence of violence against women and children in Uganda takes a substantial toll on the overall health and welfare of families. Globally three in four children aged 2 to 4 years are exposed to harsh physical punishment. Child maltreatment not only inflicts immediate harm but also has long-lasting consequences on a child's physical and mental health, educational attainment, and overall development. One in four children under the age of five live with a mother who is a victim of intimate partner violence. Based on data from recent population surveys, 60% of Ugandan women reported having experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) at some point, while 45% reported experiencing IPV within the past year. These statistics underscore the urgent need for effective measures to address and mitigate the impact of such violence on the well-being of individuals and families in Uganda.
2. INTERVENTION. The Responsible, Engaged and Loving (REAL) Fathers Initiative is an evidence-based father-centered mentoring program designed to address social and gender norms that promote use of violence in child discipline and with intimate partners through promotion of positive parenting and partnership skills building. The REAL Fathers Initiative uses a 7-month mentoring program and a community poster campaign to model alternative strategies for nonviolent discipline and conflict resolution to improve fathers' parenting and communication skills and confidence in adapting nonviolent strategies. The project works with young fathers (ages 18-25) who have toddler-aged children (0-3 years) who are learning new roles as parents and husbands. This stage in a man's life is an ideal time to promote nonviolence in parenting and partner relationships as there is still ambiguity in the normative expectations about these roles and behaviors.
3. STUDY DESCRIPTION. This study will examine the impacts of a multilevel community-based intervention for young fathers and their families in Uganda on positive parenting, childhood development, and violence reduction. We will use a stepped-wedge cluster-randomized controlled trial design within 72 sub-counties randomly sampled from 24 districts in six regions of Uganda. Sub-counties are randomly allocated to treatment or control conditions at three successive time points from November 2023 to December 2025. Study participants are couple dyads (young fathers and their wives) ages 16-25 years with children ≤3 years (n=3,744 dyads). Quantitative longitudinal data will be collected via trained enumerators in six local languages on KoboCollect software. Intervention effects on primary and secondary outcomes will be assessed using difference-in-differences statistical approaches in mixed-effects models that account for the clustered stepped-wedge design.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicinal composition for treating canine distemper, and belongs to the field of a traditional Chinese medicine. The traditional Chinese medicinal composition consists of the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of purslane, 5-15 parts of sharpleaf galangal fruit, 25-35 parts of ginseng leaves and 5-15 parts of honeysuckle stem. The traditional Chinese medicinal composition disclosed by the invention follows the treatment principle of resisting bacterium, diminishing inflammation and replenishing blood fluid, and the composition is reasonable in formula, simple in preparation process and wide in application scope. The composition, which is prepared from pure Chinese medicinal herbs, is wide in source, low in cost, high in curing rate, free from medicine residue and free from toxic and side effect, and especially the composition can be used for breaking plant cell walls to the greatest extent after superfine grinding, so that the shortcomings of conventional traditional Chinese medicinal powder which is high in coarse fiber content and less in possibility of active ingredient dissolution, and the composition is easily absorbed by dogs. The traditional Chinese medicinal composition is significant in effects of removing dampness and stopping blooding, warming stomach and intestines, and regulating body functions, the composition can be used for effectively treating canine distemper and shortening a recovery phase, and the composition is convenient to use. Clinical tests prove that the curative rate of the composition is above 90%, and the composition is unique in curative effect.
Spinal cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a rare but malignant zoonosis that can cause disability or even death in more than half of patients. Due to the complex pathological features, it is not curable by conventional drugs and surgery, so new therapeutic targets urgently need to be discovered. In this study, we clarify the occurrence of the phenomenon of spinal encapsulation angiogenesis and explore its underlying molecular mechanisms. A co-culture system was established by protoscoleces (PSCs) with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) which showed a high expression level of Nrf2. A short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and Sulforaphane (SFN) affecting the expression of Nrf2 were used to treat HUVECs. The results showed that Nrf2 could promote the tube formation of HUVECs. Nrf2 also exerts a protective effect against HUVECs, which is achieved by promoting NQO1 expression to stabilize ROS levels. Furthermore, autophagy activation significantly promotes angiogenesis in the spinal echinococcosis model (SEM) as a result of Nrf2 regulation of oxidative stress. These results suggest that the ROS/Nrf2/autophagy axis can induce angiogenesis and may be a potential target for the treatment of spinal cystic echinococcosis.
The investigators have developed methods for sending "nudges" to clinicians via secure text messages to primary teams to alert them that their patient was identified as high-risk for 6-month mortality and that an AHCAH liaison would visit their patient to discuss the AHCAH program and to facilitate enrollment if the patient was amenable. The investigators propose that these secure text messages would be sent to the teams of patients randomized to the intervention by the AHCAH liaison within 72 hours of eligibility identification (to allow for the liaison not being available over the weekend). The investigator team will track all aspects of messaging and timing. Clinicians can choose to opt out a patient from the liaison visit and AHCAH enrollment within a two-hour timeframe.
Blood samples were collected from the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital. The investigators collected samples in emergency intensive care unit (EICU), surgical intensive care unit (SICU) and respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) between July 2014 to March 2015. Septic patients were divided into sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock according to the diagnostic criteria. Peripheral white blood cells were sorted into monocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils by using flow cytometry (Flow Cytometry, FCM). Jurkat T cell lines were purchased from Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of basic medical sciences. miRNAs agomirs and antagonists were used to establish miR-223, miR-15a, miR-16 overexpression and knock-out transient transfection cell lines. Western blot was used to detect difference expression of protein expression.
A method of treatment (including therapy and prophylaxis) of animals of one or more clinical conditions selected from: seizures, neurological disorders such as epilepsy and conditions in which there is neurological damage such as brain trauma, cerebral ischaemia, haemorrhage, head injuries and stroke; which comprises administering to an animal in need thereof a therapeutically and/or prophylactically effective amount of one or more compounds of formula (I), including all pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof in which: R1 represents C¿1-6? alkyl, pyridyl or (when Y is other than a bond) H; R?2 and R3¿ independently represent H, C¿1-4? alkyl or formyl; R?4 and R5¿ independently represent H, halo, phenyl, trifluoromethyl, C¿1-3? alkyl or C1-3 alkoxy; or if R?4 and R5¿ are on adjacent carbon atoms, R?4 and R5¿ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached represent a second benzene ring, which is optionally fused to a third benzene ring; and Y represents a bond or methylene (optionally substituted with one or two C¿1-3? alkyl). A particularly preferred compound of formula (I) for administration in the above method of treatment is N,N-dimethyl-1-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclobutyl]-3-methylbutylamine (sibutramine) especially in the form of its hydrochloride and/or hydrochloride monohydrate salts.
PURPOSE: To obtain a hair tonic having excellent hair-nourishing effect without a stimulation to eyes or skin and keeping safety continuing for a long time. CONSTITUTION: This hair tonic contains one or more kinds of extract selected from a group of extract of plants belonging to genus Malus, genus Hordeum and genus Diospyros. Preferably fruits of the plants belonging to genus Malus, seeds of the plants belonging to genus Hordeum and leaves of the plants belonging to genus Diospyros are used. An extraction of active component from the plants is performed by using water, alcohols, ketones or esters as extraction solvents solely or mixing at 0-100 deg.C, preferably 5-50 deg.C. The crude extracted solution is preferably treated by a two-phase solvents dividing method, a column chromatography method or a divided high-performance liquid chromatography method, etc., and resultant hair-nourishing component is purified.  Especially a final extract is preferably obtained by making an aqueous solution of the extract adsorbed onto a styrene-divinylbenzene-based adsorbent resin and eluting with 10-80 (v/v)% methanol.
PURPOSE: Ventilatory constraints are common during exercise in children, but the effects of obesity and sex are unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of obesity and sex on ventilatory constraints (i.e., expiratory flow limitation (EFL) and dynamic hyperinflation) during a maximal exercise test in children.
METHODS: Thirty-four 8- to 12-yr-old children without obesity (18 females) and 54 with obesity (23 females) completed pulmonary function testing and maximal cardiopulmonary exercise tests. EFL was calculated as the overlap between tidal flow-volume loops during exercise and maximal expiratory flow-volume loops. Dynamic hyperinflation was calculated as the change in inspiratory capacity from rest to exercise.
RESULTS: Maximal minute ventilation was not different between children with and without obesity. Average end-inspiratory lung volumes (EILV) and end-expiratory lung volumes (EELV) were significantly lower during exercise in children with obesity (EILV: 68.8% ± 0.7% TLC; EELV: 41.2% ± 0.5% TLC) compared with children without obesity (EILV: 73.7% ± 0.8% TLC; EELV: 44.8% ± 0.6% TLC; P < 0.001). Throughout exercise, children with obesity experienced more EFL and dynamic hyperinflation compared with those without obesity ( P < 0.001). Also, males experienced more EFL and dynamic hyperinflation throughout exercise compared with females ( P < 0.001). At maximal exercise, the prevalence of EFL was similar in males with and without obesity; however, the prevalence of EFL in females was significantly different, with 57% of females with obesity experiencing EFL compared with 17% of females without obesity ( P < 0.05). At maximal exercise, 44% of children with obesity experienced dynamic hyperinflation compared with 12% of children without obesity ( P = 0.002).
CONCLUSIONS: Obesity in children increases the risk of developing mechanical ventilatory constraints such as dynamic hyperinflation and EFL. Sex differences were apparent with males experiencing more ventilatory constraints compared with females.
PURPOSE: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a lethal pediatric brain tumor. Radiation therapy (RT) is the standard treatment, with reirradiation considered in case of progression. However, the prognostic factors for reirradiation are not well understood. This study aims to investigate the outcomes of DIPG patients undergoing reirradiation and identify clinical and radiomic prognostic factors.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with DIPG who underwent reirradiation at our institution between January 2016 and December 2023. Using PyRadiomics, we extracted radiomic features of tumors at the time of progression from FLAIR MRI images and collected clinical data. We used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (lasso) for Cox's proportional hazard model with leave-one-out cross-validation to select optimal prognostic factors for survival after reirradiation.
RESULTS: The study included 18 patients who underwent reirradiation at first progression, receiving a total dose of 20 Gy or 24 Gy in 2‑Gy fractions. Reirradiation was well tolerated, with no severe toxicity. Most patients (78%) showed neurological improvement after treatment. Median survival after progression was 29.2 weeks. The Cox model demonstrated a concordance of 0.81 (95% CI: 0.75-0.88), revealing that tumor sphericity and structural gray-level heterogeneity in FLAIR MRI images were associated with longer survival of reirradiated patients.
CONCLUSION: Reirradiation is a safe and effective approach for patients with DIPG. MRI-based radiomic models could be helpful in predicting survival after reirradiation.
Claravis (isotretinoin capsules, USP) is indicated for the treatment of severe recalcitrant nodular acne. Nodules are inflammatory lesions with a diameter of 5 mm or greater. The nodules may become suppurative or hemorrhagic. “Severe,” by definition,2 means “many” as opposed to “few or several” nodules. Because of significant adverse effects associated with its use, Claravis should be reserved for patients with severe nodular acne who are unresponsive to conventional therapy, including systemic antibiotics. In addition, Claravis is indicated only for those female patients who are not pregnant, because Claravis can cause severe birth defects (see Boxed CONTRAINDICATIONS AND WARNINGS ).

A single course of therapy for 15 to 20 weeks has been shown to result in complete and prolonged remission of disease in many patients.1,3,4 If a second course of therapy is needed, it should not be initiated until at least 8 weeks after completion of the first course, because experience has shown that patients may continue to improve while off Claravis. The optimal interval before retreatment has not been defined for patients who have not completed skeletal growth (see WARNINGS, Skeletal, Bone Mineral Density, Hyperostosis,  and Premature Epiphyseal Closure).