anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Celiac plexus block has been commonly utilized for the treatment of chronic pancreatitis-associated abdominal pain. Prospective studies suggest efficacy in 30 to 50% of patients, although no randomized sham-controlled trials have been performed. The objective of this study is to assess the effect of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided celiac plexus block on abdominal pain in patients with documented chronic pancreatitis.
METHODS: This is a two-arm randomized sham-controlled trial with blinded evaluators. The study will be conducted at multiple academic sites in the United States who are members of the United States Pancreatic Disease Study Group (USPG). Patients referred for EUS to exclude chronic pancreatitis as a cause of abdominal pain as well as those with established painful chronic pancreatitis undergoing EUS for another indication will be eligible. At the time of EUS with confirmation of chronic pancreatitis by standard EUS diagnostic criteria, patients will be randomized to either celiac plexus block or sham whereby an anesthetic and steroid combination will be injected into the celiac plexus or saline will be injected into the gastric lumen with the same type of needle as used for celiac plexus block, respectively. The main outcome measure will be a 50% reduction in abdominal pain using the Brief Pain Inventory Short Form (BPI-SF) at 1 month post-intervention. A number of secondary outcomes will be measured including visual analog scale (VAS), Comprehensive Pain Assessment Tool Short Form (COMPAT-SF) pain scores, and quality of life using a pancreas-specific validated measure (PANQOLI).
DISCUSSION: In this study, the effect of celiac plexus block on abdominal pain in patients with chronic pancreatitis will be compared to a sham intervention. This randomized trial will offer a definitive assessment of the role of celiac plexus block for the treatment of abdominal pain in this setting. TRIAL REGISTRATION {2}: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06178315. Registered on December 21, 2023.
To provide an implant that is excellent in sustained drug release.SOLUTION: Provided is an implant that comprises biodegradable polymer-containing substrates 101 to 104 and a drug carried on the biodegradable polymer of the substrates. The drug is released as the biodegradable polymer decomposes. The substrate has a sheet-like, thread-like, staple-like, tubular or clip-like shape. The substrate may have hydrophobicity, enzyme inhibitory property, hydrophilicity-and-hard-to-biodegradability, unevenness, etc. on at least a part of the surface thereof. The drug includes a topical anesthetic agent, an anti-inflammatory analgesic agent and the like.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
AIMS: In patients with atrial flutter (AFL), ablation of the cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) is a highly effective procedure to prevent AFL recurrence, but atrial fibrillation (AF) may occur during follow-up. The presented FLUTFIB study was designed to identify the exact incidence, duration, timely occurrence, and associated symptoms of AF after CTI ablation using continuous cardiac monitoring via implantable loop recorders.
METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred patients with AFL without prior AF diagnosis were included after CTI ablation (mean age 69.7 ± 9.7 years, 18% female) and received an implantable loop recorder for AF detection. After a median follow-up of 24 months 77 patients (77%) were diagnosed with AF episodes. Median time to first AF occurrence was 180 (43-298) days. Episodes lasted longer than 1 h in most patients (45/77, 58%). Forty patients (52%) had AF-associated symptoms.Patients with and without AF development showed similar baseline characteristics and neither HATCH- nor CHA2DS2-VASc scores were predictive of future AF episodes. Oral anticoagulation (OAC) was stopped during FU in 32 patients (32%) and was re-initiated after AF detection in 15 patients (15%). No strokes or transient ischaemic attack episodes were observed during follow-up.
CONCLUSION: This study represents the largest investigation using implantable loop recorders (ILRs) to detect AF after AFL ablation and shows a high incidence of AF episodes, most of them being asymptomatic and lasting longer than 1 h. In anticipation of trials determining the duration of AF episodes that should trigger OAC initiation, these results will help to guide anticoagulation management after CTI ablation.
BACKGROUND: Measurement of urine albumin is critical for diagnosis, risk classification, and monitoring of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Guidelines recommend clinical decision cutoffs for the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) of 30 and 300 mg/g (3 and 30 mg/mmol). However, differences among manufacturers' routine urine albumin measurement procedures have been found to exceed 40%, suggesting CKD diagnosis and risk classification may vary depending upon the specific measurement procedure implemented in the laboratory.
CONTENT: This review discusses urine albumin pathophysiology and clinical practice guideline recommendations for CKD. The review also provides recommendations for urine specimen collection and storage, and results reporting for the ACR. Recent advances in measurement techniques and development of reference systems intended to facilitate standardization of urine albumin measurements are reviewed.
SUMMARY: Urine albumin is an important measurement procedure used for diagnosis, risk classification, and management of CKD. Urine albumin results should be reported as the ACR using quantitative measurement procedures. Random urine collections used for albuminuria screening should be followed by confirmation with first morning void collections to reduce variation and increase diagnostic accuracy for urine albumin measurement. Most measurement procedures utilize immunoturbidimetric or immunonephelometric techniques. However, results vary significantly among measurement procedures, potentially resulting in differences in classification or risk assessment for CKD. The National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) and other laboratories are developing reference systems, including liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry candidate reference measurement procedures and reference materials, to enable standardization of routine measurement procedures.
Our comprehensive genomic investigation employing tree shrew calcium oxalate stone models unveils intricate links between kidney stone formation and diverse physiological systems. We identify a constellation of genes whose expression patterns point to multifaceted interactions among cardiovascular health, renal fibrosis, and bone homeostasis in the pathogenesis of renal calculi. Key players include CHIT1, TNFRSF18, CLEC4E, RGS1, DCSTAMP, and SLC37A2, which emerge as pivotal actors in arteriosclerosis, renal fibrosis, and osteoclastogenesis respectively, showcasing the complexity of stone disease. The downregulation of ADRA1D, LVRN, and ABCG8 underscores roles in urodynamics, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and vitamin D metabolism, linking these to nephrolithiasis. Comparative genomics across tree shrew, human (Randall's plaque), rat, and mouse identifies shared KEGG pathways including Calcium signaling, Actin cytoskeleton regulation, Neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, Complement and coagulation cascades, TRP channel regulation by inflammatory mediators, p53 signaling, and Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis. These pathways underscore the interconnectedness of immune, inflammatory, and metabolic processes in stone development. Our findings suggest novel targets for future therapeutics and prevention strategies against nephrolithiasis, highlighting the need for a holistic view of the disease encompassing multiple pathogenic factors.
For all users of ALPRAZOLAM:

To assure safe and effective use of benzodiazepines, all patients prescribed ALPRAZOLAM should be provided with the following guidance:

1\. Inform your physician about any alcohol consumption and medicine you are taking now, including medication you may buy without a prescription. Alcohol should generally not be used during treatment with benzodiazepines.

2\. Not recommended for use in pregnancy. Therefore, inform your physician if you are pregnant, if you are planning to have a child, or if you become pregnant while you are taking this medication.

3\. Inform your physician if you are nursing.

4\. Until you experience how this medication affects you, do not drive a car or operate potentially dangerous machinery, etc.

5\. Do not increase the dose even if you think the medication “does not work anymore” without consulting your physician. Benzodiazepines, even when used as recommended, may produce emotional and/or physical dependence.

6\. Do not stop taking this medication abruptly or decrease the dose without consulting your physician, since withdrawal symptoms can occur.   
  


Additional advice for panic disorder patients:

The use of ALPRAZOLAM at doses greater than 4 mg/day, often necessary to treat panic disorder, is accompanied by risks that you need to carefully consider. When used at doses greater than 4 mg/day, which may or may not be required for your treatment, ALPRAZOLAM has the potential to cause severe emotional and physical dependence in some patients and these patients may find it exceedingly difficult to terminate treatment. In two controlled trials of 6 to 8 weeks duration where the ability of patients to discontinue medication was measured, 7 to 29% of patients treated with ALPRAZOLAM did not completely taper off therapy. In a controlled postmarketing discontinuation study of panic disorder patients, the patients treated with doses of ALPRAZOLAM greater than 4 mg/day had more difficulty tapering to zero dose than patients treated with less than 4 mg/day. In all cases, it is important that your physician help you discontinue this medication in a careful and safe manner to avoid overly extended use of ALPRAZOLAM.

In addition, the extended use at doses greater than 4 mg/day appears to increase the incidence and severity of withdrawal reactions when ALPRAZOLAM is discontinued. These are generally minor but seizure can occur, especially if you reduce the dose too rapidly or discontinue the medication abruptly. Seizure can be life-threatening.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease which causes premature mortality, disability and compromised quality of life in the industrialized and developing world. The prevalence of RA is believed to range from 0.5-1.0% in the general population. Over the past half century, many studies have found mortality to be increased in patients with established RA in comparison with the general population. Despite available treatment options for RA, some patients still have disease that is refractory to treatment and cannot achieve remission.

H.P. Acthar gel (adrenocorticotropic hormone gel) received FDA approval for treatment of a variety of diseases, including RA in 1952. The proposed efficacy of H.P. Acthar gel has been attributed to its ability to induce production of endogenous steroids and to bind melanocortin receptors on lymphocytes and other cells to modulate immunologic responses. The present study will examine the clinical response, cytokine production and joint imaging after addition of H.P. Acthar gel to confirm the efficacy, confirm different mechanism of action in comparison to steroids and other DMARDs by looking for post treatment changes in cytokine expression.
Prostate cancer is the most common visceral malignancy and second leading cause of cancer death in men. While androgen ablation therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for more advanced stage disease, recent studies suggest the advantage of introducing androgen deprivation much earlier. Because androgens are essential in maintaining skeletal integrity in men, androgen deprivation therapy constitutes a major risk factor for male osteoporosis. We have previously demonstrated that men on chronic androgen deprivation therapy have up to 20% loss of bone. Our hypotheses are that: 1) chronically increased bone resorption induced by long term androgen deprivation therapy in men with prostate cancer can be reversed with once weekly bisphosphonate; 2) the improvement in bone mass with bisphosphonate therapy will be reflected by changes in biochemical markers of bone turnover and will allow us to predict who will respond to therapy; and 3) following termination of bisphosphonate therapy, bone mass will be maintained despite the absence of antiresorptive therapy. To address these hypotheses, we will enroll 84 men with stage D0 prostate cancer who have been on chronic androgen deprivation therapy in a two year, double blind, placebo controlled, randomized, modified crossover clinical design. During the first year, subjects will be randomized to bisphosphonate therapy or placebo. During the second year, all subjects who were on placebo will receive active treatment and all subjects who were on active treatment will be randomly assigned to continue therapy or change to placebo. To evaluate the effect of bisphosphonate on preventing bone loss, we will assess bone mass of the spine, total hip, total body, and forearm by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. For hypothesis 2, we will assess markers of bone resorption and formation to determine if early changes in markers are associated with long term changes in bone mass. For hypothesis 3, we will continue to follow bone mass and biochemical markers of bone turnover between months 12 and 24 to examine rates of change when antiresorptive therapy is terminated. Few data are available on the prevention of bone loss in men on androgen deprivation therapy. This study will examine a preventive strategy, the potential mechanism of bone loss, the ability of biochemical markers to predict bone mass, and skeletal outcomes when antiresorptive therapy is withdrawn.
PURPOSE: A nourishing agent composition including alpha-glucosidase inhibitor and alpha-amylase inhibitor substantially without lipase inhibitor is provided. The composition can include a touchi extract and phaseolamin as alpha-glucosidase inhibitor and alpha-amylase inhibitor, respectively. It is administered to an individual prior to consumption of carbohydrates to limit the absorption of carbohydrates contained in a foodstuff and also to promote weight loss when administered over a period of days. CONSTITUTION: The nourishing agent composition contains an effective amount of alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, an effective amount of alpha-amylase inhibitor and acceptable carrier. The alpha-glucosidase inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of voglibose, acarbose and touchi extract. The alpha-amylase inhibitor is selected from inhibitors extracted from wheat and phaseolamin. The nourishing agent composition contains about 7 to 35% by weight of the touchi extract and about 15 to 48% by weight of phaseolamin and is administered to an individual about 1sec to 30min prior to the consumption of carbohydrates.
1279402 Cephalosporanic acids GLAXO LABORATORIES Ltd 30 May 1969 [14 June 1968] 28528/68 Heading C2A Novel cephalosporanic acids having the Formula I: and salts, esters or anhydrides thereof, wherein Y is -CH 2 - or -CO- and R is bromo, azido or an aliphatic, carbocyclic aromatic, heterocyclic aromatic having 1 or 2 hetero atoms, araliphatic or cycloaliphatic group, and the group RYCO has an atomic weight sum of at least 120 when R is a carbocyclic aromatic group, m is 0 or 1, and R<SP>2</SP> is hydrogen or,C 1 -C 3  alkyl which may be substituted by carboxy, carboalkoxy or mercapto, provided that when m is 0 and R<SP>2</SP> is methyl the group Y is -CO-, are prepared by (a) acylating a correspondingly 3-substituted 7-aminocephalosporanic acid or acid-addition or base salt or easily hydrolysable ester thereof with an acylating agent corresponding to the acid RYCOOH, or (b) reacting a correspondingly N - acylated cephalosporanic acid, salt or ester having a group -CH 2 P at the 3-position, P being a group replaceable by the group -S(O) m R<SP>2</SP>, with a thioetherifying agent corresponding to the latter group and, if desired, in (a) or (b) subsequently oxidizing a 3-CH 2 SR<SP>2</SP> group to a 3-CH 2 SOR<SP>2</SP> group. Suitable acylating agents are the acid halide, anhydride or mixed anhydride, an active ester or azide of the acid, or the acid itself together with a condensing agent. The group P may be an acetoxy group, in which case the thioetherifying agent is an appropriate thiol. Alternatively the starting material may be a 3-hydroxymethyl compound which is first converted to a compound having a group -CH 2 X at position 3, X being a group (e.g. halogen) such that the acid HX has a pKa of not more than 4À0 in water at 25 C., and then the 3-CH 2 X compound is reacted with a thiol so that the thiol residue replaces X by nucleophilic displacement. A catalyst, e.g. a salt of Hg, Ag or Au, is often helpful in this replacement reaction. The sulphinyl compounds (i.e. wherein m is 1) may be prepared by nucleophilic displacement as described above, using a sulphenic acid R<SP>2</SP>SOH in place of the thiol, or by oxidation of the 3-thio-ether, e.g. with chromic oxide, sodium periodate, dibenzoyl peroxide, peracetic acid, or oxygen in a tetrahydrofuran medium containing peroxide. Pharmaceutical compositions having antibiotic activity against gram-positive and -negative bacteria comprise a cephalosporanic acid of Formula I as defined above except that the proviso need not apply, or a non-toxic salt or ester thereof, together with a pharmaceutical carrier or excipient. The compositions may be in oral, topical or injectable forms or in the form of an intra-mammary preparation for veterinary use. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 1,104,937.
The invention discloses rhodiola rosea fermentation protoplasm cosmetic and a preparation method thereof. Efficient ingredients of the rhodiola rosea fermentation protoplasm cosmetic are supernate obtained by mixing powder of rhodiola rosea root, water and zymophyte to obtain an initial system, fermenting the initial system to obtain zymotic fluid and sterilizing and centrifuging the zymotic fluid. The zymophyte is saccharomycete. The rhodiola rosea root is subjected to whole plant fermentation by adopting the saccharomycete, all functional ingredients and activity of the plant are kept, and loss of active ingredients caused by an extracting method is avoided. Any organic reagents are not added during extraction, fermentation temperature and fermentation pH are mild, structure of plant active ingredients is not damaged, natural activity of the plant is kept, and chemical components of essence and the like are not added in the fermentation protoplasm so as to ensure the safety of products on the human body. The rhodiola rosea fermentation protoplasm cosmetic is rich in salidroside, arbutin and the like having activities of restraining tyrosinase activity and restraining melanin synthesis so as to have a relatively strong whitening function on skin and has a synergistic effect with the components in the fermentation filtrate simultaneously.
This disclosure describes, in one aspect, a composition that generally includes an xNA molecule comprising at least six nucleotides, in an amount effective to improve at least one indicator of myocyte function and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In another aspect, this disclosure describes a method of treating cardiac disease. Generally, the method includes administering to a subject a composition that includes an xNA molecule having at least six nucleotides, in an amount effective to improve at least one indicator of myocyte function, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In another aspect, this disclosure describes a method for evaluating the efficacy of treatment of cardiac disease. Generally, the method includes administering to a subject a composition that includes a first xNA molecule comprising a predetermined length in an amount effective to increase myocyte relaxation, then selecting a predetermined length of a second xNA molecule for at least one subsequent treatment. If treatment with the first xNA results in more myocyte relaxation than is desired, then the predetermined length of the second xNA molecule is shorter than the predetermined length of the first xNA. If, on the other hand, treatment with the first xNA results in less myocyte relaxation than is desired then the predetermined length of the second xNA molecule is longer than the predetermined length of the first xNA.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly disabling disorder that affects approximately 30 million people in the United States. New low-cost and accessible treatments for PTSD are desperately needed. Threat-related attention biases represent an important potential treatment target for PTSD. Such attention biases predict risk for PTSD following trauma exposure, and are thought to maintain symptoms of PTSD and other anxiety disorders. Research indicates that specific forms of computerized attention bias modification (ABM) are effective in reducing attention bias for threat as well as anxiety in patients with diverse anxiety disorders. The investigators have developed a mobile "app" called RePS (Resolving Psychological Stress) to administer threat-related ABM to patients with PTSD and Alcohol Use Disorder and have tested it in a laboratory-based pilot study of 19 people with PTSD. Preliminary data indicate that the app is highly acceptable to patients and that use of the app reduces attention bias for threat and PTSD symptom severity. The study aims are to examine the feasibility, acceptability and usability of app-based ABM; and determine the efficacy of app-based ABM in reducing attention bias and PTSD severity.
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a debilitating chronic pain condition that, although exceedingly rare, carries a significant burden for the affected patient population. The complex and ambiguous pathophysiology of this condition further complicates clinical management and therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, being a diagnosis of exclusion requires a diligent workup to ensure an accurate diagnosis and subsequent targeted management. The development of the Budapest diagnostic criteria helped to consolidate existing definitions of CRPS but extensive work remains in identifying the underlying pathways. Currently, two distinct types are identified by the presence (CRPS type 1) or absence (CRPS type 2) of neuronal injury. Current management directed at this disease is broad and growing, ranging from non-invasive modalities such as physical and psychological therapy to more invasive techniques such as dorsal root ganglion stimulation and potentially amputation. Ideal therapeutic interventions are multimodal in nature to address the likely multifactorial pathological development of CRPS. Regardless, a significant need remains for continued studies to elucidate the pathways involved in developing CRPS as well as more robust clinical trials for various treatment modalities.
MAR-CUTIS (polyurethane-based skin adhesive) was applied on Day 0. MAR-CUTIS was applied in 1 to 2 millimeter (mm) thick layer ensuring that at least 1 cm of the glue is applied over the length of the wound on each side; the wound was held for approximately 30 seconds to allow for initial polymerization.