anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: To obtain the subject new substance, capable of inhibiting acetylchlorinesterases without inhibiting butyrylcholinesterases and useful for treating myasthenia gravis, etc., by culturing a microorganism, belonging to the genus Penicillium and capable of producing the substance FO-4259. CONSTITUTION: This new substance FO-4259 is obtained by culturing a microorganism, belonging to the genus Penicillium and having the ability to produce the substance FO-4259 [e.g. Penicillium sp. FO-4259 (FERM P-14680)] in a culture medium, accumulating the resultant product in the cultured product and then isolating the accumulated product. The substance FO-4259 has >300 deg.C melting point; C28 H32 O8 estimated molecular formula [according to the high resolution electron ionization (EI) mass spectrometryl; 496 molecular weight and +72 deg. specific rotatory power [α]<28> D (C=0.1, in chloroform) and is capable of manifesting the absorption maximum near 217 and 334nm in an ultraviolet absorption spectrum (in methanol), developing a color with a 50% sulfuric acid and assuming a white powdery form soluble in chloroform, methanol and ethanol and sparingly soluble in water.  The substance is useful as a therapeutic agent for glaucoma, myasthenia gravis and dysfunction of alimentary canals, insecticides, etc.
BACKGROUND: Studies have shown lower overall survival for patients with head and neck cancer treated at low-volume or community cancer centers. As the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma steadily rises in the United States, we hypothesized that a greater proportion of patients with HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is being treated at community cancer centers, with a shift toward primary nonsurgical treatment.
METHODS: This cohort study included patients from the US National Cancer Database who received a diagnosis of HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma from 2010 to 2019 and underwent treatment at a community cancer center or academic cancer center. The proportion of patients with HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated at community cancer centers and receiving primary nonsurgical treatment was analyzed over time. Four-year overall survival was compared between community cancer centers and academic cancer centers.
RESULTS: The majority (67.4%) of 20 298 patients were treated at an academic cancer center, yet the proportion of patients treated at community cancer centers increased by 10% from 2010 to 2019 (P < .01 for trend). The proportion of patients undergoing primary nonsurgical treatment increased from 62.1% to 73.7% from 2010 to 2019 (P < .01 for trend), and patients were statistically significantly more likely to undergo nonsurgical treatment at community cancer centers than at academic cancer centers (adjusted odds ratio = 1.20, 95% confidence interval = 1.18 to 1.22). Treatment at community cancer centers was associated with worse survival overall (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.19, 95% confidence interval = 1.09 to 1.31), specifically for patients receiving primary nonsurgical treatment (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.22, 95% confidence interval = 1.11 to 1.34).
CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma has recently shifted to community cancer centers, with an increase in the proportion of nonsurgical treatment and worse overall survival at these centers compared with academic cancer centers. Concentration of care for HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma at academic cancer centers and dedicated head and neck cancer centers may increase access to all available treatment modalities and improve survival.
The present invention is in the field of Intelligent Drug Delivery. Targeted medicines have been developed thereto, using a Targeted Mediated Drug Delivery—technology. This technology leads drugs selectively and specifically into diseased cells/organs, in contrast to “dumping” drugs into the body. This technology is found to substantially increase the efficacy of disease treatment and reduce side—effects while much smaller amounts of drug(s) are required. In addition, a novel innovative approach is used that can be applied in the treatment of e.g. cancers, auto—immune diseases, viral diseases, transplantation, and diseases associated with inflammation.
The dietary supplement (100 mg of 5-hydroxytryptophan; CLEANMOOD™) was provided by NURA™ (Irvine, California USA). Subjects were instructed to consume one capsule daily at their convenience for 8 weeks.
BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbances are common and distressing for people with dementia and their families. Non-pharmacological interventions should be first-line management, avoiding harmful pharmacological side-effects, but there is none with known effectiveness. We aimed to establish whether DREAMS START, a multicomponent intervention, reduced sleep disturbance in people with dementia living at home compared with usual care.
METHODS: We conducted a phase 3, two-arm, multicentre, parallel-arm, superiority randomised controlled trial with masked outcome assessment, recruiting dyads of people with dementia and sleep disturbance and family carers from community settings. Randomisation to the DREAMS START intervention (plus usual treatment) or usual treatment was conducted at dyadic level, blocked, and stratified by site, with a web-based system assigning allocation. DREAMS START is a six-session, manualised intervention delivered face to face or remotely by non-clinically trained graduates over an approximately 3-month period. The primary outcome was sleep disturbance measured by the Sleep Disorders Inventory (SDI) at 8 months. Analyses were on the intention-to-treat population. This trial is registered with ISRCTN 13072268.
FINDINGS: Between Feb 24, 2021, and March 5, 2023, 377 dyads were randomly assigned (1:1), 189 to usual treatment and 188 to intervention. The mean age of participants with dementia was 79·4 years (SD 9·0), and 206 (55%) were women. The mean SDI score at 8 months was lower in the intervention group compared with the usual treatment group (15·16 [SD 12·77], n=159, vs 20·34 [16·67], n=163]; adjusted difference in means -4·70 [95% CI -7·65 to -1·74], p=0·002). 17 (9%) people with dementia in the intervention group and 17 (9%) in the control group died during the trial; the deaths were unrelated to the intervention.
INTERPRETATION: To our knowledge, DREAMS START is the first multicomponent intervention to improve the sleep of people living at home with dementia more than usual clinical care. It had sustained effectiveness beyond intervention delivery. The intervention's delivery by non-clinically trained graduates increases the potential for implementation within health services, adding to usual clinical care.
FUNDING: National Institute for Health and Care Research Health Technology Assessment.
PURPOSE: To obtain an agent for lowering nephrotoxicity of medicine such as platinum complex compounds, containing, spherical activated carbon, capable of retaining the antineoplastic action of platinum complex compounds, esp. of cisplatin as active ingredient and capable of markedly lowering the nephrotoxicity after administering such a compound without the need of forced water dose or any diuretic agent administration. CONSTITUTION: This nephrotoxicity lowering agent contains, as active ingredient, spherical activated carbon [for example, petroleum-based pitch-derived spherical activated carbon produced by infusibilizing pitch made finely spherical inn a molten state using oxygen followed by baking at 600-1000 deg.C in an inert atmosphere to effect carbonization followed by activation at 850-1000 deg.C in steam, having a diameter of 0.05-2 (esp. 0.1-1) mm, specific surface area of 500-2000 (esp. 700-1500) m<2> /g, and the content of voids each having 100-75000Å pore radius of 0.01-1 (esp. 0.05-0.8) ml/g]. It is preferable that the formulation of this nephrotoxicity lowering agent be capsules, stick or divided package.
BACKGROUND: Neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia (NH) is a common problem worldwide and is a cause of morbidity and mortality especially in low-resource settings.
METHODS: A study was carried out at Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU) clinics along the Thailand-Myanmar border to evaluate a non-invasive test for diagnosis of NH in a low-resource setting. Performance of a transcutaneous bilirubinometer Dräger Jaundice Meter JM-105 was assessed against routine capillary serum bilirubin testing (with BR-501 microbilirubinometer) before phototherapy during neonatal care in the first week of life. Results were analysed by direct agreement and by various bilirubin thresholds used in clinical practice. Total serum bilirubin was also measured in cord blood at birth and tested for prediction of hyperbilirubinaemia requiring phototherapy in the first week of life.
RESULTS: Between April 2020 and May 2023, 742 neonates born at SMRU facilities were included in the study. A total of 695 neonates provided one to nine capillary blood samples for analysis of serum bilirubin (total 1244 tests) during the first week of life. Performance of transcutaneous bilirubinometer was assessed in 307 neonates who provided 687 paired transcutaneous capillary blood tests. Bilirubin levels were also measured in 738 cord blood samples. Adjusted values of transcutaneous bilirubinometer showed excellent agreement with capillary serum bilirubin concentration (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.923) and high sensitivity (>98%) at all clinical thresholds analysed across 3 years of sampling and multiple users. Concentrations of bilirubin detected in cord blood were not useful in identifying neonates at risk of hyperbilirubinaemia requiring treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: The transcutaneous bilirubinometer is a reliable tool to screen neonates and identify those needing confirmatory blood testing. Bilirubin concentrations in cord blood are not predictive of hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates.
BACKGROUND: Depression is a chronic psychiatric disease of multifactorial etiology, and its pathophysiology is not fully understood. Stress and other chronic inflammatory pathologies are shared risk factors for psychiatric diseases, and comorbidities are features of major depression. Epidemiological evidence suggests that periodontitis, as a source of low-grade chronic systemic inflammation, may be associated with depression, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood.
METHODS: Periodontitis (P) was induced in Wistar: Han rats through oral gavage with the pathogenic bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum for 12 weeks, followed by 3 weeks of chronic mild stress (CMS) to induce depressive-like behavior. The following four groups were established (n = 12 rats/group): periodontitis and CMS (P + CMS+), periodontitis without CMS, CMS without periodontitis, and control. The morphology and inflammatory phenotype of microglia in the frontal cortex (FC) were studied using immunofluorescence and bioinformatics tools. The endocannabinoid (EC) signaling and proteins related to synaptic plasticity were analyzed in FC samples using biochemical and immunohistochemical techniques.
RESULTS: Ultrastructural and fractal analyses of FC revealed a significant increase in the complexity and heterogeneity of Iba1 + parenchymal microglia in the combined experimental model (P + CMS+) and increased expression of the proinflammatory marker inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), while there were no changes in the expression of cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2). In the FC protein extracts of the P + CMS + animals, there was a decrease in the levels of the EC metabolic enzymes N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine-specific phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD), diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL), and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) compared to those in the controls, which extended to protein expression in neurons and in FC extracts of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and to the intracellular signaling molecules phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). The protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and synaptophysin were also lower in P + CMS + animals than in controls.
CONCLUSIONS: The combined effects on microglial morphology and inflammatory phenotype, the EC signaling, and proteins related to synaptic plasticity in P + CMS + animals may represent relevant mechanisms explaining the association between periodontitis and depression. These findings highlight potential therapeutic targets that warrant further investigation.
The invention provides an ambroxol hydrochloride for injection, and relates to the technical field of medicine manufacturing. The main medicine of the composition comprises ambroxol hydrochloride and melatonin, wherein the melatonin comprises a quick release part and a cyclodextrin-included slow release part. According to the ambroxol hydrochloride composition for injection provided by the invention, the therapeutic effect of ambroxol hydrochloride is improved, instability caused by oral administration of MT (Melatonin) is avoided and MT is quick to distribute and eliminate and the like, and the first pass effect of MT is reduced. The dosage of ambroxol hydrochloride is reduced, and the adverse reaction of ambroxol hydrochloride is reduced. The design of dosage combining quick release and slow release is in accordance with secretion characteristic of MT, so that the problem of half-life period of MT is solved and the bioavailability of a product is improved. The melatonin combined with ambroxol hydrochloride has a good synergistic effect for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Chinese yam is a "medicine food homology" food with medical properties, but little is known about its health benefits on hyperlipidemia. Furthermore, the effect of peeling processing on the efficacy of Chinese yam is still unclear. In this study, the improvement effects of whole Chinese yam (WY) and peeled Chinese yam (PY) on high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemic mice were explored by evaluating the changes in physiological, biochemical, and histological parameters, and their modulatory effects on gut microbiota were further illustrated. The results show that both WY and PY could significantly attenuate the HFD-induced obesity phenotype, accompanied by the mitigative effect on epididymis adipose damage and hepatic tissue injury. Except for the ameliorative effect on TG, PY retained the beneficial effects of WY on hyperlipemia. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that WY and PY reshaped the gut microbiota composition, especially the bloom of several beneficial bacterial strains (Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibaculum) and the reduction in some HFD-dependent taxa (Mucispirillum, Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002, and Candidatus_Saccharimonas). PICRUSt analysis showed that WY and PY could significantly regulate lipid transport and metabolism-related pathways. These findings suggest that Chinese yam can alleviate hyperlipidemia via the modulation of the gut microbiome, and peeling treatment had less of an effect on the lipid-lowering efficacy of yam.
Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) \<60% predicted during the 12 months prior to enrollment (\>50% of measurements, eliminating periods of exacerbation). If no stable spirometry data are available in the 12 months prior to enrollment, from the prior 24 months will be used.
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex non-cellular three-dimensional macromolecular network present within all tissues and organs, forming the foundation on which cells sit, and composed of proteins (such as collagen), glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, minerals, and water. The ECM provides a fundamental framework for the cellular constituents of tissue and biochemical support to surrounding cells. The ECM is a highly dynamic structure that is constantly being remodeled. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are among the most important proteolytic enzymes of the ECM and are capable of degrading all ECM molecules. MMPs play a relevant role in physiological as well as pathological processes; MMPs participate in embryogenesis, morphogenesis, wound healing, and tissue remodeling, and therefore, their impaired activity may result in several problems. MMP activity is also associated with chronic inflammation, tissue breakdown, fibrosis, and cancer invasion and metastasis. The periodontium is a unique anatomical site, composed of a variety of connective tissues, created by the ECM. During periodontitis, a chronic inflammation affecting the periodontium, increased presence and activity of MMPs is observed, resulting in irreversible losses of periodontal tissues. MMP expression and activity may be controlled in various ways, one of which is the inhibition of their activity by an endogenous group of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), as well as reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK).
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicines, and particularly relates to a targeted inhibitor of an hsa _ circ _0008821 gene and application thereof. A targeted inhibitor of the hsa _ circ _0008821 gene, which has the targeting sequence: 5'-CAGATATTAGGACACTGGGGT-3' (SEQ ID No. 1). The application of the targeted inhibitor of the hsa _ circ _0008821 gene in preparing the medicament for treating the human brain glioblastoma. The invention develops a targeted inhibitor of hsa _ circ _0008821 gene by using RNA interference technology, the inhibitor can be specifically combined with hsa _ circ _0008821 gene to silence hsa _ circ _0008821 gene, thereby inhibiting proliferation, migration and invasion capacity of glioblastoma cells and achieving the purpose of treating glioblastoma. The targeted inhibitor of the hsa _ circ _0008821 gene plays an important role in the field of glioblastoma gene therapy, and provides a new targeted therapeutic drug for clinical treatment of glioblastoma.
PURPOSE:To adsorptively remove Gram-negative bacteria, dead bacteria and cell wall components of biomass in an aqueous solution regardless of the magnitude of molecular weights of solutes, by bringing water or an aqueous solution contaminated with Gram-negative bacteria into contact with a fiber containing an amino group. CONSTITUTION:Water or an aqueous solution contaminated with Gram-negative bacteria is brought into contact with a fiber containing an amino group or the same formed into the shape of filter cloth or paper charged in a chromatocolumn at 0-40 deg.C. Said fiber containing an amino group may be one having the density of a primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary amino group above 0.01 millimol/g, e.g. one prepd. by introducing an amino group into celulose or polystyrene fiber. Said method may be performed in combination with filtration using a porous membrane. The fiber containing an amino group which has been once used may be washed with an acid or alkali for reuse.
In recent years, with the development of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) technology, therapeutic ERCP has emerged as a first - line therapeutic modality for CP owing to its advantages of minimal invasiveness and high-level safety. The endoscopic access to the main pancreatic duct through the major duodenal papilla is commonly recognized as the preponderant approach for endoscopic treatment of CP. Nevertheless, in clinical practice, it has been observed that in a portion of CP patients, due to pancreatic divisum, distortion or stricture of the main pancreatic duct or other reasons, either the main papilla angiography fails or deep cannulation of the pancreatic duct cannot be achieved, thereby necessitating endoscopic retrograde accessory pancreatic ductography via the minor papilla. Previously, two small-sample retrospective studies analyzed the scenarios where CP patients with main pancreatic duct obstruction resulting from calculi, stenosis, etc. required attempts at accessory pancreatic ductography. The results demonstrated favorable safety and efficacy of accessory pancreatic duct treatment. In this prospective study, CP patients undergoing ERP for the first time in the pancreatic disease area of the Gastroenterology Department of Changhai Hospital were enrolled. After routine main papilla angiography, those with failed treatment via the main pancreatic duct were subjected to an attempt at endoscopic retrograde accessory pancreatic ductography through the minor papilla. Based on the distinct endoscopic retrograde angiography modalities and treatment outcomes in clinical practice, different subgroups were established. The number of cases receiving treatment via the main and accessory pancreatic ducts was tallied respectively. The clinical features of CP patients with successful main pancreatic duct drainage and those with failed drainage were compared. Emphasis was placed on analyzing the predictive factors for CP patients with failed main pancreatic duct angiography who then attempted accessory pancreatic duct angiography, as well as evaluating the safety and clinical efficacy of endoscopic retrograde accessory pancreatic ductography in CP patients.
A method includes receiving (1704) characteristics of a patient to be administered a sedative for a medical procedure. The method also includes selecting (1706) one of multiple models (1514) based on at least one of the characteristics and a sedation technique to be used. The method further includes calculating (1708) an index to the selected model using one or more of the characteristics. In addition, the method includes identifying (1710) a specified dosage of the sedative using the selected model and calculated index. The characteristics of the patient could include a height, weight, age, and race of the patient. Selecting one of the models could include selecting one of the models based on the patient's race and the sedation technique. The models could include different models associated with different sedation techniques. Calculating the index could include multiplying the patient's height by the patient's weight and dividing a resulting product by the patient's age.
This study includes a baseline assessment, a 9-week (with the possibility of extension to 12 weeks) blended intervention period, a post-intervention assessment, and two follow-ups at 3 and 6 months. Informal caregivers of people with dementia (with at least 18-year-old) with no restriction in terms of sex, educational level, or ethnic background will be included.
Group B served as the hot pack group boiled tap water (80 °C) was put in a rubber water bag with a fluffy cover (Fig. 1), and placed on the patient's abdomen at 3, 6, 9, and 12 h after the surgical procedure for 30 minutes in addition to clinical standard postoperative care (ERAS protocol).
NEW MATERIAL:The hexahydro-6-oxo-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid derivative of formulaI (R<1> is H, lower alkanoyl or benzoyl; Z is lower alkylene) and its salt. EXAMPLE:3-(3-Benzoylthiopropanoyl)-hexahydro-6-oxo-4(S)-pyrimidinecarb oxylic acid. USE:It has angiotensinase inhibiting acitivity and is useful as a hypotensor. Low toxicity. PROCESS:The compound of formulaIcan be prepared e.g. by the conventional amide bond formation reaction of the carboxylic acid of formula II with the amine of formula III. The reaction is carried out, e.g. by reacting the carboxylic acid of formula II with a halocarboxylic acid alkyl ester, and reacting the resultant mixed acid anhydride with the amine of formula III.
Tablet for oral use. 1 tablet 6 times a day. The duration of Placebo therapy is 24 weeks.