anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by Aβ plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Chronic inflammation and synaptic dysfunction lead to disease progression and cognitive decline. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are implicated in AD progression by facilitating the spread of pathological proteins and inflammatory cytokines. This study investigates synaptic dysfunction and neuroinflammation protein markers in plasma-derived sEVs (PsEVs), their association with Amyloid-β and tau pathologies, and their correlation with AD progression.
METHODS: A total of 90 [AD = 35, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) = 25, and healthy age-matched controls (AMC) = 30] participants were recruited. PsEVs were isolated using a chemical precipitation method, and their morphology was characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Using nanoparticle tracking analysis, the size and concentration of PsEVs were determined. Antibody-based validation of PsEVs was done using CD63, CD81, TSG101, and L1CAM antibodies. Synaptic dysfunction and neuroinflammation were evaluated with synaptophysin, TNF-α, IL-1β, and GFAP antibodies. AD-specific markers, amyloid-β (1-42), and p-Tau were examined within PsEVs using Western blot and ELISA.
RESULTS: Our findings reveal higher concentrations of PsEVs in AD and MCI compared to AMC (p < 0.0001). Amyloid-β (1-42) expression within PsEVs is significantly elevated in MCI and AD compared to AMC. We could also differentiate between the amyloid-β (1-42) expression in AD and MCI. Similarly, PsEVs-derived p-Tau exhibited elevated expression in MCI compared with AMC, which is further increased in AD. Synaptophysin exhibited downregulated expression in PsEVs from MCI to AD (p = 0.047) compared to AMC, whereas IL-1β, TNF-α, and GFAP showed increased expression in MCI and AD compared to AMC. The correlation between the neuropsychological tests and PsEVs-derived proteins (which included markers for synaptic integrity, neuroinflammation, and disease pathology) was also performed in our study. The increased number of PsEVs correlates with disease pathological markers, synaptic dysfunction, and neuroinflammation.
CONCLUSIONS: Elevated PsEVs, upregulated amyloid-β (1-42), and p-Tau expression show high diagnostic accuracy in AD. The downregulated synaptophysin expression and upregulated neuroinflammatory markers in AD and MCI patients suggest potential synaptic degeneration and neuroinflammation. These findings support the potential of PsEV-associated biomarkers for AD diagnosis and highlight synaptic dysfunction and neuroinflammation in disease progression.
Bulk hydrogel scaffolds are common in reconstructive surgery. They allow for the staged repair of soft tissue loss by providing a base for revascularization. Unfortunately, they are limited by both slow and random vascularization, which may manifest as treatment failure or suboptimal repair. Rapidly inducing patterned vascularization within biomaterials has profound translational implications for current clinical treatment paradigms and the scaleup of regenerative engineering platforms. To address this long-standing challenge, a novel microsurgical approach and granular hydrogel scaffold (GHS) technology are co-developed to hasten and pattern microvascular network formation. In surgical micropuncture (MP), targeted recipient blood vessels are perforated using a microneedle to accelerate cell extravasation and angiogenic outgrowth. By combining MP with an adjacent GHS with precisely tailored void space architecture, microvascular pattern formation as assessed by density, diameter, length, and intercapillary distance is rapidly guided. This work opens new translational opportunities for microvascular engineering, advancing reconstructive surgery, and regenerative medicine.
Ridaforolimus; 40 mg daily five days a week, single-agent therapy. With the implementation of Amendment 3, this study arm will not be opened.
PURPOSE: To obtain an iron mineral supply consisting of an iron-sugar- carboxylate complex which is suitable to dose for a human body and animals and is tasty, safe and suitable as a nutrient supply to enrich foods and drinks. CONSTITUTION: This iron mineral supply is produced by compounding (B) a complex of iron (e.g. in an iron (II) state), sugar (e.g. glucose, sucrose, fructose or a mixture thereof) and carboxylate (e.g. maleate, citrate and ascorbate) in (A) at least 0.1wt.% fruit or cola flavor or at least 3wt.% fruit juice. The obtd. iron mineral supply is compatible with foods, drinks and calcium.
This disclosure provides a system for generating animal tissue with carbohydrate antigens that are compatible for transplantation into human patients. The tissue is inactivated homozygously for expression of α(1,3)galactosyltransferase, and comprises a transgene for α(1,2)fucosyltransferase. As a result, cell-surface N-acetyl lactosamine is not converted to the Galα(1,3)Gal xenoantigen. Instead, it is converted to Fucα(1,2)Gal, which is H substance, a self-antigen in humans. The tissue may also contain A or B-transferase, which will cause H substance to be converted into other ABO blood group antigens for compatibility with patients of the same blood type. This invention improves transplant compatibility of the xenograft tissue by lessening the risk of reactions resulting from xenoantigen and unconverted N-acetyl lactosamine acceptor determinants.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new system having no drawbacks of conventional bleaching processes, for dyeing keratin substances, particularly human keratin fibers, particularly hair.  <P>SOLUTION: The invention relates to the dyeing of keratin substances using styryl hydroxy(cyclo)alkylamino thiol/disulfide fluorescent dyes. The invention further relates to a dye composition comprising a styryl hydroxy(cyclo)alkylamino thiol/disulfide fluorescent dye and to a dyeing process with, in particular, a lightening effect on keratin substances such as the hair, using the composition. The invention similarly relates to novel thiol/disulfide fluorescent dyes and to the uses thereof in lightening keratin substances. The composition makes it possible to obtain a lightening effect which is resistant and visible on dark keratin fibers.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
The present invention relates to the delivery of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) through an inhalation route. Specifically, it relates to aerosols containing NSAIDs that are used in inhalation therapy. In a composition aspect of the present invention, the aerosol comprises particles comprising at least 5 percent by weight of an NSAID. In a method aspect of the present invention, an NSAID is delivered to a mammal through an inhalation route. The method comprises: a) heating a composition, wherein the composition comprises at least 5 percent by weight of an NSAID, to form a vapor; and, b) allowing the vapor to cool, thereby forming a condensation aerosol comprising particles, which is inhaled by the mammal. In a kit aspect of the present invention, a kit for delivering an NSAID through an inhalation route to a mammal is provided which comprises: a) a composition comprising at least 5 percent by weight of an NSAID; and, b) a device that forms an NSAID aerosol from the composition, for inhalation by the mammal.
1508132 Reagent for immunological tests TECHNICON INSTRUMENTS CORP 20 May 1975 [20 May 1974] 22377/74 Heading G1B A reagent comprises rheumatoid factor RF or a component of complement Clq covalently bonded to a water insoluble solid phase substrate or absorbed on to a water insoluble synthetic solid phase substrate, the reagent serving to combine with antigen-antibody complexes to remove them from the solution phase. Examples relate to RF or Clq linked to aminated agarose via glutaraldehyde and use of this reagent in separation of a naturally occurring Ag. Ab complex from serum and in determination of tetanus antitoxin - immunoglobulin Ig G complexes using rabbit antibodies to the antitoxin labelled with peroxidase, the peroxidase being assayed using an aqueous solution comprising phenol, 4-amino phenazone and hydrogen peroxide. The reagent of the invention may comprise I-125, fluorescent- or co-enzyme (NADH)-labelled Rf or Clq and the preparation of I-125-labelled Rf or Clq is exemplified. Solid phase substrates generally mentioned are aggregated immunoglobulins, nylon, agarose, cellulose, acrylamide or acrylic polymers, polystyrene, glass preparations, latex. The substrate may be in the form of particles or granules or for use in continuous flow analysis in the form of a coating on the inner surface of a tube. Specification 1508133 is referred to.
HIV infection compromises both the peripheral and central immune systems due to its pathogenic and neuropathogenic features. The mechanisms driving HIV-1 pathogenesis and neuropathogenesis involve a series of events, including metabolic dysregulation. Furthermore, HIV-subtype-specific variations, particularly alterations in the amino acid sequences of key viral proteins, are known to influence the severity of clinical outcomes in people living with HIV. However, the impact of amino acid sequence variations in specific viral proteins, such as Viral protein R (Vpr), on metabolites within the Tryptophan (Trp)-kynurenine (Kyn) pathway in people living with HIV remains unclear. Our research aimed to explore the relationship between variations in the Vpr amino acid sequence (specifically at positions 22, 41, 45, and 55, as these have been previously linked to neurocognitive function) and peripheral Trp-Kyn metabolites. Additionally, we sought to clarify the systems biology of Vpr sequence variation by examining the link between Trp-Kyn metabolism and peripheral inflammation, as a neuropathogenic mechanism. In this preliminary study, we analyzed a unique cohort of thirty-two (n = 32) South African cART naïve people living with HIV. We employed Sanger sequencing to ascertain blood-derived Vpr amino acid sequence variations and a targeted LC-MS/MS metabolomics platform to assess Trp-Kyn metabolites, such as Trp, Kyn, kynurenic acid (KA), and quinolinic acid (QUIN). Particle-enhanced turbidimetric assay and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure immune markers, hsCRP, IL-6, suPAR, NGAL and sCD163. After applying Bonferroni corrections (p =.05/3) and adjusting for covariates (age and sex), only the Vpr G41 and A55 groups was nearing significance for higher levels of QUIN compared to the Vpr S41 and T55 groups, respectively (all p =.023). Multiple regression results revealed that Vpr amino acid variations at position 41 (adj R2 = 0.049, β = 0.505; p =.023), and 55 (adj R2 = 0.126, β = 0.444; p =.023) displayed significant associations with QUIN after adjusting for age and sex. Lastly, the higher QUIN levels observed in the Vpr G41 group were found to be correlated with suPAR (r =.588, p =.005). These results collectively underscore the importance of specific Vpr amino acid substitutions in influencing QUIN and inflammation (specifically suPAR levels), potentially contributing to our understanding of their roles in the pathogenesis and neuropathogenesis of HIV-1.
This is a randomized study. A total of 124 individuals with either acute leukemia or lymphoma and a first or second occurrence of C. difficile infection will be enrolled. Participants will be randomized to Arm 1 (Diet intervention) or Arm 2 (No diet intervention). Participants in Arm 1 will be assessed for food preferences and will be provided lists of high fiber and high saturated fats. Participants will be able to choose foods from the high fiber food lists and groceries will be provided once per week to support each participant's meal plan. Participants will be asked to limit foods on the high saturated fats list. Food consumption with a 24 hour recall and weight will be monitored and stool samples will be collected one time per week for 6 weeks. In Arm 2, participants will be asked to provide 24 hour food recall and stool samples. Individuals in both arms will be monitored for stool consistency and any antibiotics or chemotherapy drugs taken. Participation will last 6 weeks.
To evaluate cortical excitability changes caused by TRPMS measured with simultaneous TMS-fMRI. Participants will undergo a baseline TMS/fMRI session to get a measurement of baseline cortical excitability in the form of single-pulse TMS induced BOLD activation and determine motor hot-spot and RMT. We will then conduct an event-related single-pulse TMS/fMRI session with TMS stimulus at 120% RMT, 50 events with jittered inter-stimulus-interval (ISI) averaging 16s. Simultaneous EMG recording will be gathered from the corresponding hand muscle. Next we will use TRPMS to stimulate the left motor cortex over the hot-spot : 20-min application of TRPMS, 100ms duration, 0.2Hz (one stimulus every 5s), total 240 stimuli. Then we will evaluate the modulatory effect of the TRPMS stimulation via a second TMS/fMRI session with a similar procedure as the baseline session using the RMT determined at baseline. Total time for this experiment is about 5-6 hours.
AVG using a Nintendo Switch gaming station will be administered in 20 sessions over 10 weeks (45 minutes per session, 2 sessions per week). Participants will be in standing position with game controllers or sensors attached to the body while playing games involving muscle stretching and strengthening exercises.
Aiming to apply automatic arousal detection to support sleep laboratories, we evaluated an optimized, state-of-the-art approach using data from daily work in our university hospital sleep laboratory. Therefore, a machine learning algorithm was trained and evaluated on 3423 polysomnograms of people with various sleep disorders. The model architecture is a U-net that accepts 50 Hz signals as input. We compared this algorithm with models trained on publicly available datasets, and evaluated these models using our clinical dataset, particularly with regard to the effects of different sleep disorders. In an effort to evaluate clinical relevance, we designed a metric based on the error of the predicted arousal index. Our models achieve an area under the precision recall curve (AUPRC) of up to 0.83 and F1 scores of up to 0.81. The model trained on our data showed no age or gender bias and no significant negative effect regarding sleep disorders on model performance compared to healthy sleep. In contrast, models trained on public datasets showed a small to moderate negative effect (calculated using Cohen's d) of sleep disorders on model performance. Therefore, we conclude that state-of-the-art arousal detection on our clinical data is possible with our model architecture. Thus, our results support the general recommendation to use a clinical dataset for training if the model is to be applied to clinical data.
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the influence of tract location on surgical outcomes in endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS), considering the location of residual stones.
METHODS: From January 2015 to December 2021, 1417 consecutive patients underwent ECIRS in three hospitals. After excluding patients with preoperative percutaneous nephrostomy, intended multi-stage procedures, those with a tract in the renal pelvis, and those with multiple tracts, 1000 patients were retrospectively analysed by comparing three groups based on tract location: group 1 (upper calyx), group 2 (middle calyx), and group 3 (lower calyx). A multivariate logistic regression model was implemented to assess whether the tract location independently affected the stone-free status.
RESULTS: Patient characteristics were significantly different among the groups in terms of age, stone laterality, presence of calyceal stones, and hydronephrosis. There were no differences in stone-free rate (SFR) among the three groups. Multivariate analysis indicated that the tract location (group 1 or 2 compared with group 3) did not significantly affect the stone-free status (odds ratio = 1.4, 0.9-1.9, p = 0.066). Surgical duration significantly varied among the groups, with the shortest time observed in group 1. Organ injury was observed exclusively in group 1 (1.13%). Residual fragments were predominantly found in the lower calyx, with the calyx associated with the tract being the second most common location.
CONCLUSIONS: Tract location does not significantly affect SFR. To improve the SFR, observation of the lower calyx and tract placement is important.
This is a Phase 1/2, multi-center, randomized (the study medication is assigned by chance) study. This study will be conducted in 2 Phases (Phase 1 and Phase 2). Phase 1 of this study will be non-randomized, open-label (all people know the identity of the intervention) and dose-escalation phase. It includes screening period and treatment period, which consists of 2 parts (Part 1 and Part 2). In Part 1, participants will receive 1 of 3 single dose levels of intetumumab \[3 milligram per kilogram (mg/kg), 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg\]. Part 2 will include 2 dose cohorts: dacarbazine plus intetumumab (5 mg/kg) or dacarbazine plus intetumumab (10 mg/kg). Phase 2 of this study will be randomized, blinded (neither physician nor participant knows the intervention which the participant will receive) and controlled (an inactive substance and other medication is compared with a study medication to test whether the medication has a real effect in this clinical study). This phase of the study will include screening period, treatment period (8 cycles of treatment with every cycle once in 3 weeks) and follow-up period (24 weeks). During the treatment period, participants will be randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups, Group 1: dacarbazine plus placebo, Group 2: intetumumab (5 mg/kg), Group 3: intetumumab (10 mg/kg) and Group 4: dacarbazine plus intetumumab. Randomization will be further based on the site of metastases and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status at Baseline. Single-medication intetumumab treatment groups will be open-label, while the dacarbazine plus intetumumab or placebo groups will be blinded. The total duration of the Phase 2 of this study will be up to 52 weeks or up to 76 weeks in case of extended dosing (extended administrations \[up to 8 additional cycles\] of the same assigned treatment will be allowed for participants that are responding to therapy with stable disease or better). Participants will be assessed for incidence of dose limiting toxicities, pharmacokinetics and tumor responses. Participants' safety will be monitored throughout the study.
The invention belongs to the field of medicines, and particularly relates to amiodarone hydrochloride nanosuspension as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The amiodarone hydrochloride nano suspension provided by the invention mainly contains amiodarone hydrochloride and a stabilizer, and the weight ratio is as follows: 1-10 parts of amiodarone hydrochloride and 1-10 parts of stabilizer. A nanosuspension with a particle size in the range of 150-800nm is provided by two means, comprising: the nano suspension is ground by a wet method and is used as an intermediate product to be further prepared into an oral preparation or an injection preparation for application. The preparation method comprises the following steps: A. dissolving a stabilizer in water, and dispersing SKLB610 in the solution to prepare a common suspension; B. adding the common suspension into the mixture, and grinding the mixture by a wet method to prepare the nano suspension. Or the nanometer suspension is precipitated by adopting an anti-solvent, and is further prepared into an oral preparation or an injection preparation by taking the nanometer suspension as an intermediate product. The particle size of the nano suspension can be effectively and intensively controlled at 150-800nm, the product uniformity is high, and the particle size is small.
The invention includes glycopeptides having a glycoside and a peptide covalently bound through an amide bond. The glycopeptides may also include a diagnostic or therapeutic agent bound to the glycopeptide. A metal, such as a radionuclide, may also be chelated to the glycopeptide. Specific embodiments of the invention relate to glycopeptides made of chitosan covalently bound to a poly(amino acid) such as poly(glutamic acid) or poly(aspartic acid). Diagnostic agents conjugated to the glycopeptide may facilitate imaging. Specific therapeutic agents that may be conjugated to the glycopeptide include anticancer drugs, rheumatoid arthritis drugs, anticoagulants, anti-angiogenesis drugs, apoptosis drugs, osteoporosis drugs, steroids, and anti-inflammatory drugs. Some agents, such as radionuclides, may have both diagnostic and therapeutic effects. The glycopeptides may be made by combining a glycoside and a peptide in the presence of a carbodiimide and an acid group activator to form an amide bond between the glycoside and the peptide.
Cancer treatments can cause side effects such as fatigue and reduced muscle function. Studies have shown the benefits of physical activity, including reduced fatigue and improved quality of life. Moreover, PA is often recommended for cancer survivors rather than patients undergoing treatment. It is essential to develop adapted, unsupervised, home-based PA programs to ensure access to PA for all cancer patients, particularly those living in rural areas or who have difficulty accessing healthcare. The PA program CREATE is a simple, unsupervised PA program based on patients' functional capacities. Depending on the patient's functional capacity, one of 7 PA programs will be prescribed by the doctor. The patient must perform the program independently for 6 months. Telephone follow-ups (weeks 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 16, 20, et 24) as well as a monthly in-person follow-up visit will be made to adjust the prescription.
In Mexico, chronic kidney disease of unknown origin is highly prevalent. Screening studies in adolescents have shown persistent microalbuminuria (pACR), adaptive podocytopathy and decreased kidney volume (KV). Here, we sought to develop normality tables of kidney dimensions by ultrasound in the Mexican state of Aguascalientes pediatric population (0 to 18y) and evaluate the relationship between the KV and pACR among the region's adolescents in a cross-sectional study. Kidney length (KL) and KV were determined by ultrasound. Our findings were compared with those in international literature of different populations where tables and graphs of normal kidney dimensions by ultrasound were reported. We compared organ dimensions in individuals above the age of 11 without albuminuria with those in patients with pACR recruited through screening studies in adolescents in Aguascalientes. This included 1068 individuals to construct percentile tables and graphs of the KL. Kidney dimensions were significantly lower when compared with all international comparisons. From a total 14,805 screen individuals, we compared 218 adolescents with pACR and 377 individuals without significant albuminuria. The Total KV adjusted to body surface (TKVBS) was significantly associated with pACR (odds ratio 1.03, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.03). The upper quartile of TKVBS was highly associated with pACR (7.57, 4.13-13.87), hypertension (2.53, 1.66-3.86), and hyperfiltration (26 vs 11.5%). Thus, TKVBS is directly associated with pACR while greater KV, arterial hypertension, and hyperfiltration in patients with pACR suggest that the increase in volume is secondary to kidney hypertrophy. Additionally, the adaptative podocytopathy with low fibrosis seen on kidney biopsy which was performed in a subset of patients, and the smaller kidney dimensions in our population point to prenatal oligonephronia as the primary cause of the detected kidney disease.