anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Patients with autonomic failure cannot regulate blood pressure properly. Upon standing, their blood pressure drops (i.e. orthostatic hypotension) and may cause symptoms such as lightheadedness, dizziness, changes in vision, weakness, fatigue, trouble concentrating, and shoulder and neck pain. Orthostatic hypotension can be severe and disabling; it can lead to frequent loss of consciousness and falls. These symptoms can make it difficult to perform activities of daily living resulting in significant impairment of the patient's quality of life. Thus, the assessment of orthostatic symptoms using validated questionnaires has been one of the main tools to determine the efficacy of treatment approaches for orthostatic hypotension. However, its usefulness may be limited by several factors including difficulty in the categorization of symptoms and rating of their severity, particularly in patients with some degree of cognitive impairment; the confounding effect of factors not related to orthostatic hypotension on patient's symptoms; difficulty in performing an accurate comparison of the severity of symptoms before and after treatment or between treatments; underestimating symptom burden by not reporting symptoms that are not included in the validated questionnaires or by problems in the patient recall.

The objective of this study is to find a more objective and accurate way to assess the efficacy of the treatment for neurogenic orthostatic hypotension. The main hypothesis is that the quantification of upright time (standing and walking) with an activity monitor would be useful in the assessment of the severity of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension and the efficacy of the treatment for this condition and whether it would be superior to the assessment of symptoms using validated questionnaires.

Patients with autonomic failure and neurogenic orthostatic hypotension on treatment with either midodrine or atomoxetine will be eligible for this study. The study will take place at the participant's home with the assistance of his or her caregiver and frequent oversight from the investigative team. Participants will be studied for two separate weeks, one week with placebo and one week with their regular treatment (midodrine or atomoxetine at their usual doses), with one week in between for washout (the period of using participants' usual medication without any study measurement performed). The order of the study weeks with placebo or regular treatment will be randomized and the study medications will be blinded. On each study week, participants will be asked to wear an activity monitor (Activpal) on one of their thighs to measure the amount of time they spend in the upright posture (walking and standing), number of steps, activity and other characteristics related to the quantity and quality of walking and standing. Participants will be guided to write down the times of their daily activities, such as waking, sleeping, eating, and taking medication. At the end of each study week, the participants will be guided to fill out some questionnaires, and to take blood pressure measurements while lying down, sitting, and standing.
Cohort 2: These participants will not attend in clinic visits. They will be a part of the C-RARE and retrospective medical chart review analysis. 35 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of MPS IIIC from English, Spanish and Portuguese speaking households will be recruited for this portion of the study.
Participants receive an initial dose of luspatercept 0.8 mg/kg as an SC injection on Day 1 of Cycle 1 (Cycle length = 21 days). For each subsequent cycle (up to 5 cycles), the dose was titrated up to a maximum dose of 1.25 mg/kg based on the safety review team (SRT) recommendations.
Patients receive treatment as in phase II, arm I or phase II, arm III, whichever was established as superior in phase II. Patients receive Maintenance therapy of bevacizumab 10mg/kg/dose every 2 weeks and temozolomide 200 mg/m2/dose Days 1-5, for up to twelve cycles in the absence of progressive disease and unacceptable toxicities.
Home blood pressure (BP) measurement has been reported to be closely correlated with target organ damage and appears to be a prognostic indicator with respect to cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular events. However, whether BP control by home BP monitoring exerts cardioprotective effects rather than by clinic BP monitoring in elderly patients remains unknown. In this study, a total of 500 elderly patients diagnosed with essential hypertension will be randomly divided into 2 groups; target BP level, home SBP \<135 mmHg and home DBP \<85 mmHg (home BP control group), clinic SBP \<140 mmHg and clinic DBP \<90 mmHg (clinic BP control group). Olmesartan at doses of 20 mg/day will be administered and increased up to 40 mg, if antihypertensive effect is inadequate. Study visits will be made bimonthly for at least 1 year. The antihypertensive and cardioprotective effects including systemic levels of C-reactive protein and inflammatory cytokines, and arterial stiffness will be compared between the two groups.
Cases of severe hepatic toxicity, including fulminant hepatic necrosis, have occurred in patients who have substituted sustained-release (modified-release, timed-release) niacin products for immediate-release (crystalline) niacin at equivalent doses. Patients previously receiving niacin products other than niacin extended-release (NIASPAN) should be started on SIMCOR at the lowest recommended starting dose. [See Dosage and Administration (2)]

SIMCOR should be used with caution in patients who consume substantial quantities of alcohol and/or have a past history of liver disease. Active liver disease or unexplained transaminase elevations are contraindications to the use of SIMCOR. [See Contraindications (4)]

Niacin extended-release (NIASPAN) and simvastatin can cause abnormal liver tests. In a simvastatin-controlled, 24 week study with SIMCOR in 641 patients, there were no persistent increases (to more than 3x the ULN) in serum transaminases. In three placebo-controlled clinical studies of niacin extended-release, patients with normal serum transaminases levels at baseline did not experience any transaminase elevations greater than 3x the ULN. Persistent increases (to more than 3x the ULN) in serum transaminases have occurred in approximately 1% of patients who received simvastatin in clinical studies. When drug treatment was interrupted or discontinued in these patients, the transaminases levels usually fell slowly to pretreatment levels. The increases were not associated with jaundice or other clinical signs or symptoms. There was no evidence of hypersensitivity.

Liver function tests should be performed on all patients during therapy with SIMCOR. It is recommended that liver function tests be performed before treatment begins, every 12 weeks for the first 6 months, and periodically thereafter (e.g., at approximately 6-month intervals). Patients who develop increased transaminase levels should be monitored with a second liver function evaluation to confirm the finding and be followed thereafter with frequent liver function tests until the abnormality returns to normal. Should an increase in transaminase levels of more than 3x ULN persist, or if transaminase elevations are associated with symptoms of nausea, fever, and/or malaise, withdrawal of SIMCOR therapy is recommended.
Since subjects with the PTNS will feel foot stimulation, the sham was devised to mimic this feeling without the tibial nerve being stimulated. Again the leg and foot will be draped and out of view from the subject. The medial aspect of the lower extremity is palpated (Figure 4) and the tibial nerve site is identified approximately 5 cm cephalad from the medial malleolus. A Streitberger needle is used at the tibial nerve insertion site to simulate needle placement without puncturing the skin. The needle will be taped in place as in the PTNS procedure. The "grounding pad" will be a gel electrode pad from a TENS unit device that is placed on the bottom of the foot just below the smallest toe.
A lung targeting injectable pharmaceutical composition of liposome is disclosed. It consists of particles or powders of medicine-carrying proliposomes for solid phase and the effervescent. The proliposomes and the effervescent are packaged separately before administration. The medicine-carrying proliposome consists of active medicine, phospholipids, cholesterols, surfactant and acidic carrier. The effervescent is selected from sodium bicarbonate solution or sodium carbonate solution. The proliposomes and the effervescent are mixed in manner of effervescent-dispersion before injection.
BACKGROUND: Dysarthria is a common poststroke speech disorder affecting communication and psychological well-being. Traditional speech therapy is effective but often poses challenges in terms of accessibility and patient adherence. Emerging smartphone-based therapies may offer promising alternatives for the treatment of poststroke dysarthria.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and feasibility of smartphone-based speech therapy for improving speech intelligibility in patients with acute and early subacute poststroke dysarthria. This study also explored the impact of the intervention on psychological well-being, user experience, and overall feasibility in a clinical setting.
METHODS: Participants were divided into 2 groups for this randomized, evaluator-blinded trial. The intervention group used a smartphone-based speech therapy app for 1 hour per day, 5 days per week, for 4 weeks, with guideline-based standard stroke care. The control group received standard guideline-based stroke care and rehabilitation. Speech intelligibility, psychological well-being, quality of life, and user acceptance were assessed using repeated measures ANOVA.
RESULTS: In this study, 40 patients with poststroke dysarthria were enrolled, 32 of whom completed the trial (16 in each group). The intervention group showed significant improvements in speech intelligibility compared with the control group. This was evidenced by improvements from baseline (F1,30=34.35; P<.001), between-group differences (F1,30=6.18; P=.02), and notable time-by-group interactions (F1,30=6.91; P=.01). Regarding secondary outcomes, the intervention led to improvements in the percentage of correct consonants over time (F1,30=5.57; P=.03). In addition, significant reductions were noted in the severity of dysarthria in the intervention group over time (F1,30=21.18; P<.001), with a pronounced group effect (F1,30=5.52; P=.03) and time-by-group interaction (F1,30=5.29; P=.03). Regarding quality of life, significant improvements were observed as measured by the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire (F1,30=13.25; P<.001) and EQ-VAS (F1,30=7.74; P=.009) over time. The adherence rate to the smartphone-based app was 64%, with over half of the participants completing all the sessions. The usability of the app was rated high (system usability score 80.78). In addition, the intervention group reported increased self-efficacy in using the app compared with the control group (F1,30=10.81; P=.003).
CONCLUSIONS: The smartphone-based speech therapy app significantly improved speech intelligibility, articulation, and quality of life in patients with poststroke dysarthria. These findings indicate that smartphone-based speech therapy can be a useful assistant device in the management of poststroke dysarthria, particularly in the acute and early subacute stroke stages.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05146765; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05146765.
In this prospective observational study, patients with confirmed ulcerative colitis, who are going to receive vedolizumab, ustekinumab, or tofacitinib will be enrolled after an informed consent. In the screening period, inclusion/exclusion criteria will be checked and if eligible and consented, demographic data, medical history, disease characteristics and disease activity data will be collected. Before drug administration (week 0), baseline lower GI endoscopy will be performed and colon tissues will be collected. Blood sample and fecal sample will also be collected. After induction therapy with each drug, clinical and endoscopic response will be evaluated at week 14 to week 16 and patients will be classified into responders non-responders. Combing clinical data, blood laboratory data, fecal inflammatory biomarker, genetic data, and colonic transcriptomic data, a prediction model for response to induction therapy will be developed and it will be validated in another patient group. Similarly, based on evaluation at week 52, a prediction model for maintenance response will also be developed and validated.
Patients will undergo epidural electrical stimulation (EES) and be randomized in a 1:1 allocation to EES on. Both the patient and the provider will be formally blinded to treatment assignment. Only the biostatistician and programming team will be unblinded to treatment assignments.
Disclosed are a fibrinogen solution and a thrombin solution. The fibrinogen solution comprises fibrinogen at a concentration of at least 40 mg/ml, factor XIII, pharmaceutically acceptable additives and water. The dynamic viscosity of the fibrinogen solution measured at 20° C. increases at most by 35% after storing the solution at 20° C. for 30 days. The thrombin solution comprises thrombin, pharmaceutically acceptable additives and water. The thrombin activity decreases at most by 15% after storing the solution at 25° C. for 14 days. Also disclosed is a fibrin sealant kit with a first container comprising the fibrinogen solution and a second container comprising the thrombin solution. Further, methods for preparing a fibrin sealant and methods for treating a wound are disclosed.
Intestinal epithelial cells (enterocytes) sense the presence of sugars in the gut to stimulate sugar absorption, but the receptor has remained unknown. We show strong expression of the β 2 -adrenergic receptor (β 2 -AR) at the enterocyte apical membrane and reveal its function in stimulating glucose uptake from the gut by the sodium/glucose-linked transporter, SGLT1. Upon heterologous expression, the β 2 -AR responds to multiple sugars in the mM range, consistent with estimated gut sugar levels after a meal. Some adrenergic receptor antagonists differentially inhibit epinephrine and sugar responses. Glucose uptake into everted sacs from rat intestine was stimulated by epinephrine and sugars in a β 2 -AR-dependent manner. STD-NMR confirmed binding of glucose to β 2 -AR. Administration of glucose with a non-bioavailable β 2 -AR antagonist lowered the subsequent increase in blood glucose levels, confirming a role for apical β 2 -ARs in stimulating gut glucose uptake and suggesting enterocyte β 2 -AR as novel drug target in diabetic and obese patients. Future work will have to reveal how glucose sensing by enterocytes and neuroendocrine cells is connected and whether β 2 -ARs mediate glucose sensing also in other tissues.
Title insulins of formula (I): (where X is a 2- to 8-membered alkylene gp. opt. interrupted by 1 or more O-atoms or NH gps.), which are less immunogenic and longer acting than insulin and can thus be used as hypoglycaemic agents for the treatment of diabetes, are prepd. by reacting insulin with appropriate dicarboxylic acid reactive derivs., or with alkanediisocyanates. The reaction is generally carried out in high dilution in a polar solvent, in the presence of a tertiary amine.
OBJECTIVE: In Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE) (5,047 participants, mean follow-up 5.0 years), differences in glycemic control were demonstrated over time among four randomized therapies added to metformin. Weight gain and hypoglycemia are also important outcomes for people with type 2 diabetes. We compared the effects of the four randomized GRADE medications on a composite outcome incorporating glycemic deterioration, weight gain, and hypoglycemia.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The composite outcome was time to first occurrence of any of the following: HbA1c >7.5%, confirmed; ≥5% weight gain; or severe or recurrent nonsevere hypoglycemia. Secondary analyses included examination of individual components of the composite outcome, subgroup effects and potential mediators, and treatment satisfaction. Cumulative incidence was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier estimator. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess pairwise group differences in risk of an outcome.
RESULTS: Risk of reaching the composite outcome (events per 100 participants per treatment year [PTYs]) was lowest with liraglutide (19 per 100 PTYs) followed by sitagliptin (26 per 100 PTYs), glargine (29 per 100 PTYs), and glimepiride (40 per 100 PTYs); all pairwise comparisons were statistically significant. The order was the same for risk of weight gain and hypoglycemia, but risk of glycemic deterioration was lowest with glargine, followed by liraglutide, glimepiride, and sitagliptin. No significant heterogeneity in risk of composite outcome was detected across prespecified covariates. Participants who reached the composite outcome had modestly but significantly lower treatment satisfaction.
CONCLUSIONS: Among participants treated with common second-line drug classes for type 2 diabetes, the liraglutide group had the lowest and glimepiride the highest risk of reaching a composite outcome encompassing glycemic deterioration, weight gain, and hypoglycemia. These findings may inform decision-making regarding type 2 diabetes therapy.
To evaluate whether single acetabular column can be reserved and the effect of reconstruction with femoral head plus total hip replacement (THR) for primary malignant peri-acetabulum tumors. From 2007 to 2015, nineteen patients with primary malignant peri-acetabulum tumors were enrolled. All cases underwent single column resection with clear surgical margins. Ten of the 19 tumor's resections were assisted by computer navigation. Femoral heads were applied to reconstruct anterior or posterior column defects; THR was used for joint reconstruction. The surgical safety, oncologic outcome and prosthesis survivorship and function were evaluated by regular follow-up. The average follow-up period was 65.9 months. Surgical margins contained wide resection in 12 cases and marginal resection in 7 cases. One patient with Ewing's sarcoma died 14 months postoperative due to lung metastasis. One case with chondrosarcoma had recurrence. One prosthesis was removed due to infection. The average MusculoSkeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) function score was 83.7%. Due to the relative small number of cases, there was no significant difference in the recurrence rate and prosthesis failure rate between the navigation group and non-navigation group. Single column resection and reconstruction with femoral head autograft plus THR is an effective, safe method with less complication rate and better functional outcome for patients with peri-acetabular tumors.
Nifedipine is a well-known calcium antagonist, and salbutamol is a much used bronchodilator. Yet a pharmaceutical combination containing both substances is not known. Prior experience with the administration of nifedipine in combination with beta₂-sympathomimetica did not make any combinatory effect appear probable. It was further to be feared that any combinatory effect would be accompanied by correspondingly increased side effects. The new pharmaceutical composition is nevertheless intended to provide a combination of nifedipine with a beta₂-­sympathomimeticum usable for systemic application especially in cases of asthmatic diseases. According to the invention, the pharmaceutical combination contains salbutamol besides nifedipine. The combined effect of the active substances is super-additive and synergistic. Nevertheless, no addition of side effects is experienced. The therapeutic effect of the combination corresponds approximately to the maximum achievable improvement.
PURPOSE:To obtain an adenosine deaminase inhibitor showing improving action on coronary vessel and cerebrovascular circulation, preventing and treating action on renal disease, anti-inflammatory action, etc., having excellent inhibitory action on adenosine deaminase, comprising a specific adenosine derivative as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:An adenosine deaminase inhibitor comprises a compound of formula I [R1 to R3 are H or alkyl; R is H, lower alkyl, amino or halogen; X is H, alkyl, alkenyl, allyl, methacrylic, cycloalkyl, phenyl, group of formula II (Z is H, OH, etc.; Q is H or OH; A is CH2, direct bond, O, S, etc.), group of formula III, etc., with the proviso that one of R1 to R3 is alkyl] or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt (e.g. 2'-O-methyladenosine) as an active ingredient. This medicine shows inhibitory effect on reduction in action of adenosine analog- based anti-cancer medicine or antiviral agent in chemotherapy of cancer and virus by administration of this medicine before administration of anti-cancer medicine or antiviral agent or by simultaneously administration.
A drug delivery system provides for controlled dispensing of drug. When designed for mixing of drugs, at least one mixing chamber may be used. Flow controllers guide drugs into single or multiple catheters, enabling a single lumen catheter to dispense multiple drugs, diluting a concentrated drug to provide varying drug concentration. A buffer fluid can deliver precise drug amounts or can separate drugs within a catheter. A patient's bodily fluid can serve as a diluent or buffer fluid. A drug testing/filler apparatus may be used to facilitate filling of multiple reservoirs or other delivery. Bolus or continuous delivery of drug to selected distal locations can occur at independent rates. New catheter systems, hub assemblies, and uses therefore are also described. New methods for promotion of healthy pregnancy and treatment of a developing fetus are disclosed.
At specific time points we will measure vitamin D status (baseline and 12-months) and re-enforcing vitamin D supplementation in those with insufficient or deficient vitamin D levels. More specifically, we will ask patients with insufficient or deficient vitamin D levels at enrollment to increase vitamin D intake by 1,000 IU units (to a maximum of 2,000 IU if the patient is already on vitamin D supplementation) for the 12 month period.
Each white to off-white tablet contains 0.5 mg of norethindrone, USP and 0.035 mg of ethinyl estradiol, USP. Inactive ingredients include colloidal silicon dioxide, anhydrous lactose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, pregelatinized starch and talc. Each light peach tablet contains 0.75 mg of norethindrone, USP and 0.035 mg of ethinyl estradiol, USP. Inactive ingredients include colloidal silicon dioxide, FD&C Yellow No. 6, anhydrous lactose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, pregelatinized starch and talc. Each peach tablet contains 1 mg of norethindrone, USP and 0.035 mg of ethinyl estradiol, USP. Inactive ingredients include colloidal silicon dioxide, FD&C Yellow No. 6, anhydrous lactose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, pregelatinized starch and talc. Each light green tablet contains only inert ingredients, as follows: D&C Yellow No. 10, FD&C Blue No. 2, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinized starch and talc.