anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) have high rates of mental health problems and incur physical and mental health expenditures that are 9 times higher than other children. These mental health problems contribute to poor social adjustment for children with FASD and result in considerable emotional and financial burden for families. Emotion regulation is a core area of impairment in FASD and is implicated in most mental health disorders. Research on empirically validated interventions for children with FASD is limited. Results from two interventions targeting emotion regulation in FASD demonstrate that child-focused interventions are insufficient to habilitate children's emotion regulation to adaptive levels. Research is needed to identify alternate targets for intervention (e.g., parent training, environmental modifications) to improve the emotion regulation difficulties of children with FASD.

This study investigates a novel intervention target to improve the emotion regulation and adaptive functioning of children with FASD. Research with other populations provides ample evidence for the impact of parent emotion socialization on the development of child emotion regulation and other outcomes. In addition, studies demonstrate that parent emotion socialization is amendable to intervention and results in improved child and parent outcomes. However, no studies have investigated the emotion socialization practices utilized by parents of children with FASD or whether interventions targeting parent emotion socialization result in improved child emotion regulation and behavior in this population.

This study will address this critical gap by initiating an empirical test of a promising emotion-focused intervention, Tuning In To Kids (TIK), with families raising children with FASD. Results from this initial efficacy trial will determine whether parent emotion socialization is a promising intervention target for this population. Consistent with a developmental psychopathology perspective, multi-level data from the efficacy trial will be leveraged to test theorized associations between parent emotion socialization and child emotion regulation and identify possible factors contributing to individual differences. These results will inform possible intervention adaptations for this population and provide the necessary foundation for larger-scale efficacy trials. The long-term goals of this research are to better understand the complex factors influencing emotion regulation in children with FASD and improve mental health interventions and outcomes for this population.
There are numerous evidence supporting the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and the occurrence of cognitive deficits in humans. In this regard, treatment of H. pylori infection has been suggested as an effective strategy to decelerate the neurodegenerative processes of memory deficits in AD patients. Numerous studies support the beneficial effects of probiotics on various pathological conditions, particularly cognitive deficits, however, this concern has not been addressed in relation to the memory impairment induced by H. pylori infection. In the present study, we aimed to reveal whether oral administration of two bacterial probiotics (including Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus plantarum), could ameliorate H. pylori-induced memory deficits at behavioral level in rats. Besides, cellular mechanisms were investigated by biochemical methods to find out how probiotic effects are mediated in hippocampal circuitry. Male Wistar rats were infected by H. pylori for 3 consecutive days, then probiotic treatment was done for the next 3 days and after a drug-free period (12 days), animals were assessed by Morris Water Maze and Novel Object Recognition tests. Finally, rats were euthanized by CO2 and hippocampal tissues were excised for biochemical measurements. Results indicated that H. pylori infection markedly impairs memory function in rats which is associated with alterations of oxidative, inflammatory, neurotrophic, and cholinergic markers. Interestingly, treatment with either of the probiotics alone or in combination, significantly improved the H. pylori-induced memory deficits and this was associated with restoration of balance in biochemical factors within the hippocampal neurons.
A medical image processing system includes an angiographic image acquisition unit, a volume data generation unit, a vessel extraction unit, a sorting unit, and an image synthesis unit. The angiographic image acquisition unit acquires an angiographic image on a region including a blood vessel. The volume data generation unit three-dimensionally reconstructs the angiographic image to generate volume data. The vessel extraction unit extracts blood vessels on the basis of the volume data. The sorting unit sorts collateral circulations and ischemic blood vessels on the basis of the blood vessels. The image synthesis unit applies different image processes to the collateral circulations and the ischemic blood vessels, and generates a synthesized image.
Oestrus-blocking implant prepared as described under "Method". Satisfactory control of oestrus facilitates artificial insemination in cattle, spreads the lambing season, ensures early birth of foals. A large implant is prepd. contng. an oestrus blocking agent, & is placed subcutaneously, in an accessible place e.g. the neck. After enough time has elapsed to ensure blocking of an ovulation (e.g. 14-18 days in cows), the implant is removed, & oestrus follows after 2-7 days. Preferred implants consist of an inert inner core, surrounded by the active component (s), & enclosed in a porous or perforated protective layer. It must have the mechanical strength to permit complete removal at the appropriate time, & contain sufficient active ingredient to ensure inhibition of ovulation while in place in the animal.
The use of direct injection ion mobility mass spectrometry (DI-IM-MS) to detect and identify betacyanin pigments in A. hortensis 'rubra' extracts was explored for the first time, with results compared to conventional LC-MS/MS analysis. The anti-inflammatory activities of leaf and seed extracts, alongside purified amaranthin and celosianin pigments, were investigated using a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine macrophages. Extracts and purified pigments significantly inhibited the production of prostaglandin E2 and NO by up to 90% and 70%, respectively, and reduced the expression of Il6, Il1b, Nos2, and Cox2. Leaf and seed extracts also decreased secretion of Il6 and Il1b cytokines and reduced protein levels of Nos2 and Cox2. Furthermore, extracts and purified pigments demonstrated potent dose-dependent radical scavenging activity in a cellular antioxidant activity assay (CAA) without any cytotoxic effects. Our research highlights the promising biological potential of edible, climate-resilient A. hortensis 'rubra' as a valuable source of bioactive compounds.
Low FODMAP diet for 3 weeks. Veterans will be provided a diet containing foods low in FODMAP.
A method for interaction with a medical device that is implanted in a body of a patient. The method includes detecting, using an inertial sensor, an arcuate motion of 5 a wireless communication device terminating in physical contact between the wireless communication device and the body. In response to the detected arcuate motion, a wireless communication link is actuated between the wireless communication device and a transmitter in the 10 implanted medical device. The wireless communication device data receives transmitted over the wireless communication link by the transmitter. Fig. 2
BACKGROUND: Reparative macrophages play a crucial role in limiting excessive fibrosis and promoting cardiac repair after myocardial infarction (MI), highlighting the significance of enhancing their reparative phenotype for wound healing. Metabolic adaptation orchestrates the phenotypic transition of macrophages; however, the precise mechanisms governing metabolic reprogramming of cardiac reparative macrophages remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of NPM1 (nucleophosmin 1) in the metabolic and phenotypic shift of cardiac macrophages in the context of MI and explored the therapeutic effect of targeting NPM1 for ischemic tissue repair.
METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from healthy individuals and patients with MI to explore NPM1 expression and its correlation with prognostic indicators. Through RNA sequencing, metabolite profiling, histology, and phenotype analyses, we investigated the role of NPM1 in postinfarct cardiac repair using macrophage-specific NPM1 knockout mice. Epigenetic experiments were conducted to study the mechanisms underlying metabolic reprogramming and phenotype transition of NPM1-deficient cardiac macrophages. The therapeutic efficacy of antisense oligonucleotide and inhibitor targeting NPM1 was then assessed in wild-type mice with MI.
RESULTS: NPM1 expression was upregulated in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with MI that closely correlated with adverse prognostic indicators of MI. Macrophage-specific NPM1 deletion reduced infarct size, promoted angiogenesis, and suppressed tissue fibrosis, in turn improving cardiac function and protecting against adverse cardiac remodeling after MI. Furthermore, NPM1 deficiency boosted the reparative function of cardiac macrophages by shifting macrophage metabolism from the inflammatory glycolytic system to oxygen-driven mitochondrial energy production. The oligomeric NPM1 recruited histone demethylase KDM5b to the promoter of Tsc1 (TSC complex subunit 1), the mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase) complex inhibitor, reduced histone H3K4me3 modification, and inhibited TSC1 expression, which then facilitated mTOR-related inflammatory glycolysis and antagonized the reparative function of cardiac macrophages. The in vivo administration of antisense oligonucleotide targeting NPM1 or oligomerization inhibitor NSC348884 substantially ameliorated tissue injury and enhanced cardiac recovery in mice after MI.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings uncover the key role of epigenetic factor NPM1 in impeding postinfarction cardiac repair by remodeling metabolism pattern and impairing the reparative function of cardiac macrophages. NPM1 may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker and a valuable therapeutic target for heart failure after MI.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Banxia Xiexin decoction (BXD) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine prescription for treating ulcerative colitis (UC). However, its potential mechanism of action is still unclear.
AIM OF THE STUDY: Reveal the correlation between the beneficial impacts of BXD on UC and the composition of the gut microbiota.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The major constituents of BXD were identified using the HPLC-DAD technique. An experimental model of UC was induced in male C57BL/6 mice by administering dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). A total of 48 mice were divided into different groups, including control, model, high-dose BXD treatment, medium-dose BXD treatment, low-dose BXD treatment, and a group treated with 5-amino acid salicylic acid (5-ASA). Body weight changes and disease activity index (DAI) scores were documented; colon length, colon index, spleen index, and thymus index scores were determined; myeloperoxidase (MPO) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) activities were assessed; and histological staining with hematoxylin-eosin and alcian blue/phosphate Schiff was performed. The immunofluorescence technique was employed to examine the presence of ZO-1 and occludin in the colon tissue. 16S rRNA sequencing was employed to assess the gut microbiota's diversity and metabolomics was utilized to examine alterations in metabolites within the gut microbiota. The impact of BXD on the gut microbiota was confirmed through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).
RESULTS: BXD exhibited a positive impact on UC mice, particularly in the high-dose BXD treatment group. The BXD group experienced weight recovery, decreased DAI scores, improved colon length, and restored of spleen and thymus index scores compared to the DSS group. Additionally, BXD alleviated colon damage and the inflammatory response while restoring intestinal barrier function. FMT in BXD-treated mice also showed therapeutic effects in UC mice. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Desulfobacterota, Deferribacterota and Actinobacteriota increased; at the genus level, g__norank__f__Muribaculaceae, Dubosiella, Akkermansia, and Lactobacillus increased, whereas Faecalibaculum, Alloprevotella, Turicibacter, and g_Paraprevotella decreased. g__norank_f__Muribaculaceae was positively correlated with body weight and colon length and negatively with colon index scores, splenic index scores, and MPO levels; Alloprevotella was positively correlated with splenic index scores, histological scores, and TNF-α levels and negatively with thymus index scores and thymus index scores. Faecalibaculum was positively correlated with colon index scores and MPO levels. Metabolic investigations revealed 58 potential indicators, primarily associated with the metabolism of amino acids, purines, and lipids. Alloprevotella, g_Paraprevotella, and Bifidobacterium were strongly associated with metabolic pathways.
CONCLUSION: BXD showed beneficial therapeutic effects in UC mice. The mechanism may be by promoting the balance and variety of gut microbiota, as well as regulating the metabolism of amino acids, purines, and lipids.
The intestinal mucosa is a dynamic surface that facilitates interactions between the host and an outside world that includes trillions of microbes, collectively termed the microbiota. This fine balance is regulated by an energetically demanding physical and biochemical barrier that is formed by the intestinal epithelial cells. In addition, this homeostasis exists at an interface between the anaerobic colonic lumen and a highly oxygenated, vascularized lamina propria. The resultant oxygen gradient within the intestine establishes "physiologic hypoxia" as a central metabolic feature of the mucosa. Although oxygen is vital for energy production to meet cellular metabolism needs, the availability of oxygen has far-reaching influences beyond just energy provision. Recent studies have shown that the intestinal mucosa has purposefully adapted to use differential oxygen levels largely through the presence of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly butyrate (BA). Intestinal epithelial cells use butyrate for a multitude of functions that promote mucosal homeostasis. In this review, we explore how the physiologic hypoxia profile interfaces with SCFAs to benefit host mucosal tissues.
IV dexamethasone 6 mg for 10 days + baricitinib 4 mg die for 10 days. For patients aged \> 75 years or estimated GFR \< 60 ml/min\*1.73m2, baricitinib dose is reduced to 2 mg for 10 days.
Patients with a minimum age of three years from our prospective, consecutive database of patients with clubfoot treated with the Ponseti method beginning in 2002 are considered for this study. Patients with unilateral or bilateral idiopathic clubfoot are included. Patients with clubfoot associated with syndromes or neurological diseases, with mild clubfoot that required fewer than three casts for initial correction, who first presented at an age older than three months, who were living outside of the country, and who were initially treated elsewhere with more than three casts are excluded.
In the last few years, a new clinical entity has emerged which includes patients who consider themselves to be suffering from problems caused by wheat and/or gluten ingestion, even though they do not have CD or wheat allergy. This clinical condition has been named non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), although in a recent article, the investigators suggested the term "non-celiac wheat sensitivity" (NCWS), because it is not known to date what component of wheat actually causes the symptoms. Other areas of doubt in NCWS regard its pathogenesis, while some papers reported intestinal immunologic activation, others linked NCWS to the dietary short chain carbohydrate (fermentable oligo-di-monosaccharides and polyols, FODMAPs) load. The investigators recently demonstrated that higher proportions of patients with NCWS develop autoimmune disorders, are antinuclear antibodies (ANA) positive, and show DQ2/DQ8 haplotypes compared with patients with IBS, supporting an immunologic involvement in NCWS. The clinical picture of NCWS is characterized by combined gastrointestinal (bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea and/or constipation, nausea, epigastric pain, gastroesophageal reflux, aphthous stomatitis) and very different extra-intestinal and systemic manifestations (headache, depression, anxiety, 'foggy mind,' tiredness, dermatitis or skin rash, fibromyalgia-like joint/muscle pain, leg or arm numbness, and anemia). Nowadays, there no data about a possible relationship between gynaecological disorders (i.e. menstrual cycle alterations, vaginitis, recurrent vulvovaginitis, recurrent cystitis, chronic pelvic pain, recurrent pregnancy loss, infertility) and food ingestion and food allergy/intolerance. Therefore, the aims of the present study are to investigate 1) the prevalence and characteristics of gynaecological disorders in NCWS patients compared to CD and IBS controls, and 2) the modification of such disorders in NCWS patients after a gluten (wheat)-free diet.
Carbohydrate loading, the consumption of carbohydrates prior to surgery, is an example of preoperative nutrition that has provided many benefits to surgical patients. Because of this, preoperative carbohydrate loading has been included in the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) and Enhanced Recovery Canada (ERC) guidelines across a variety of surgical specialities; however, a gap in the literature remains within the field of orthopaedic surgery, specifically in cervical and thoracolumbar spine surgeries. Elderly patients (65 years of age and older) represent a large number of spine surgery recipients and due to the unique aspects of aging, proper preoperative nutrition is essential for this patient demographic. The goal of this research study is to determine if preoperative carbohydrate loading provides benefits to elderly patients through decreasing length of stay (LOS) in hospital and reducing perioperative patient adverse events, when undergoing orthopaedic spine surgeries. This is an ambispective research study including elderly patients from the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network (CSORN) registry, who have either recently undergone, or are scheduled to undergo, an orthopaedic cervical or thoracolumbar spine surgery (fusion, decompression, or discectomy). The control group will include retrospectively recruited patients, and the carbohydrate (CHO) group will include prospectively recruited patients, who will consume a carbohydrate drink up to 2 hours prior to surgery. Groups will also be matched based on various patient demographic and surgical variables. LOS in hospital and perioperative patient adverse events are the outcome measurements of interest. Patient and surgical variables will also be collected for comparison. It is expected that preoperative carbohydrate loading in elderly patients receiving an orthopaedic spine surgery (fusion, decompression, or discectomy) will lead to greater outcomes through decreasing LOS in hospital and reducing perioperative patient adverse events compared to patients who did not receive preoperative carbohydrate loading.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has historically been a significant global health concern, profoundly impacting both life and well-being. In the process of CKD, with the gradual loss of renal function, the incidence of various life-threatening complications, such as cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular accident, infection and stroke, is also increasing rapidly. Unfortunately, existing treatments exhibit limited ability to halt the progression of kidney injury in CKD, emphasizing the urgent need to delve into the precise molecular mechanisms governing the occurrence and development of CKD while identifying novel therapeutic targets. Renal fibrosis, a typical pathological feature of CKD, plays a pivotal role in disrupting normal renal structures and the loss of renal function. Ferroptosis is a recently discovered iron-dependent form of cell death characterized by lipid peroxide accumulation. Ferroptosis has emerged as a potential key player in various diseases and the initiation of organ fibrosis. Substantial evidence suggests that ferroptosis may significantly contribute to the intricate interplay between CKD and its progression. This review comprehensively outlines the intricate relationship between CKD and ferroptosis in terms of iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation, and discusses the current landscape of pharmacological research on ferroptosis, shedding light on promising avenues for intervention. It further illustrates recent breakthroughs in ferroptosis-related regulatory mechanisms implicated in the progression of CKD, thereby providing new insights for CKD treatment. Video Abstract.
1. BCAA's multiple functions in cells In addition to participating in de novo protein synthesis, Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs, including leucine, isoleucine, and valine) regulate multiple cellular functions as nutrient signaling. For example, BCAAs regulate insulin and glucagon secretion and thus glucose metabolism1. BCAAs, especially leucine, is one key regulator of mTOR signaling, which is the central component of a complex signaling network of insulin signaling, cell growth, and proliferation. BCAAs also regulate protein synthesis and degradation in various tissues.
2. Impact of BCAA supplemental or BCAA-enriched diet on metabolism In addition to the healthcare utilization of BCAAs for liver disorders and their complications and other diseases, BCAA supplementation is common amongst athletes and fitness professionals to improve muscle building and strength. Meanwhile, BCAA supplementation or BCAA-rich protein diets are often associated with positive effects on body weight and glucose homeostasis1. Increasing dietary uptake of BCAAs improved the parameters associated with obesity and T2DM, such as body composition and glycemia levels. However, these beneficial effects are not conclusive. Moreover, other studies have shown that circulating branched-chain amino acid concentrations are associated with obesity and future insulin resistance in children and adolescents2.
3. Summary Both beneficial and detrimental effects of BCAA on metabolism have been established and therefore warrants further investigation. In the preliminary study, we found that BCAAs enhanced glucose metabolism in lean mice while they promoted glucose intolerance in obese mice. In lean mice, BCAAs decreased adiposity and enhanced glucose utilization and insulin sensitivity in different tissues. But in obese mice, BCAAs' effects were mediated by impaired insulin signaling in fat tissue.
Children aged 5 to 6 years old will be included from the FEPED cohort. The FEPED cohort is a cohort of French pregnant women designed to study the association between vitamin D status during pregnancy and the risk of pre-eclampsia. Vitamin D concentration at first and third trimester of pregnancy as well as in cord blood is available for 1400 women. Investigators will include 200 children born from these women. Children will undergo lung function tests and prick-tests and parents will answer the ISAAC questionnaire that is a standardised questionnaire designed to evaluate asthma and rhinitis symptoms. The main outcome of this study will be specific airway resistance. The investigators will look for an association between specific airway resistance and vitamin D concentration measured during the first trimester of pregnancy in their mothers.