anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A colocalization analysis of genome-wide association study (GWAS) signals and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) was conducted to pinpoint target genes and their regulatory nucleotide variants for subtypes of ischemic stroke. We utilized GWAS data from prominent meta-analysis consortia (MEGASTROKE and GIGASTROKE) and single-cell eQTL data in brain and blood tissues to enhance accuracy and minimize noise inherent in bulk RNA-seq. Employing Bayesian colocalization methods, we identified ten shared loci between GWAS and eQTL signals, targeting five eGenes. Specifically, RAPH1 and ICA1L were discovered for small vessel stroke (SVS), whereas SCYL3, CAV1, and CAV2 were for cardioembolic stroke (CS). However, no findings have been made for large artery stroke. The exploration and subsequent functional analysis of causal variants within the colocalized regions revealed their regulatory roles, particularly as enhancer variants (e.g., rs144505847 and rs72932755 targeting ICA1L; rs629234 targeting SCYL3; rs3807989 targeting CAV1 and CAV2). Notably, our study unveiled that all eQTL for CS were identified in oligodendrocytes, while those for SVS were across excitatory neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocyte precursor cells. This underscores the heterogeneous tissue-specific genetic factors by subtypes of ischemic stroke. The study emphasizes the need for intensive research efforts to discover causative genes and variants, unravelling the cell type-specific genetic architecture of ischemic stroke subtypes. This knowledge is crucial for advancing our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and paving the way for precision neurology applications.
CFRD affects 30% of all patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) by the age of twenty-five. Early diagnosis of CFRD is crucial to prevent the unnecessary deterioration of pulmonary function and nutritional status, both of which affect the patient's overall survival. The selective approach takes less patient time and is less expensive. If it is equally accurate it should be used routinely. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is the accepted method for detecting CFRD and the Cystic Fibrosis Trust guidelines recommend that patients with CF over the age of twelve years should be screened annually. Yung et al, questioned this approach and argued that performing OGTT on all CF patients is inconvenient and may not be cost effective, as patients have to starve overnight and need to spend an extra 2 hours in the hospital in addition to all the other annual review tests.

In this study, a selective approach in performing OGTTs in the screening for CFRD will be used; this includes the use of a combination of clinical and biochemical criteria that of abnormal random blood glucose and /or abnormal glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and/or symptoms of hyperglycaemia, or weight loss.
After infection of B cells, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) engages host pathways that mediate cell proliferation and transformation, contributing to the propensity of the virus to drive immune dysregulation and lymphomagenesis. We found that the EBV protein EBNA2 initiates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) de novo biosynthesis by driving expression of the metabolic enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in infected B cells. Virus-enforced NAD production sustained mitochondrial complex I activity, to match adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production with bioenergetic requirements of proliferation and transformation. In transplant patients, IDO1 expression in EBV-infected B cells, and a serum signature of increased IDO1 activity, preceded development of lymphoma. In humanized mice infected with EBV, IDO1 inhibition reduced both viremia and lymphomagenesis. Virus-orchestrated NAD biosynthesis is therefore a druggable metabolic vulnerability of EBV-driven B cell transformation, opening therapeutic possibilities for EBV-related diseases.
UC-0N is a digital mobile app intervention that uses cog control skills for problem solving. The intervention is used once a day, 5 days a week, for 7 weeks.
NEW MATERIAL:A physiologically active peptide of the formula [(1) and (2), (3) and (4) are directly bonded to each other; the cysteine residues (Cys) at 6 and 22 positions form a S-S bond in the molecule]. USE:A sodium diuretic or vasodepressor. PREPARATION:For example, a brain is enucleated from a frog, finely cut, treated with boiling water, homogenized and subsequently centrifuged. The supernatant is separated and treated by a reversed phase chromatography. The adsorbed substances are eluted and treated by an ion exchange chromatography. The eluted fractions are lyophilized, again dissolved in a solvent, subjected to a gel filtration and subjected to a high performance liquid chromatography using a cation exchange material. A fraction having a chick rectum relaxation activity is purified by a reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography to provide the frog-originated C type sodium diuretic peptide of the formula.
This United Kingdom study will comprise a single blind, primary care, post-market evaluation of a novel neuromuscular electrical stimulation treatment for urinary incontinence . Women with GP determined urinary incontinence (urgency, stress or mixed) will be randomised into one of two groups (intervention or control). The control group will receive routine care via their GP practice. The intervention group will receive the electrical stimulation device. Treatment will last for 12 weeks with a Quality of Life (QoL) primary end point immediately post treatment with a second phase to explore the impact of a further 12 weeks maintenance programme in the intervention group compared to routine care. There will be a further two year follow-up assessment.
Marzeptacog alfa (MarzAA) is under development for subcutaneous treatment of episodic bleeds in patients with hemophilia A/B and was studied in a phase III trial evaluating MarzAA compared with standard-of-care (SoC) for on-demand use. The work presented here aimed to evaluate MarzAA and SoC treatment of bleeding events on a standardized four-point efficacy scale (poor, fair, good, and excellent). Two continuous-time Markov modeling approaches were explored; a four-state model analyzing all four categories of bleeding improvement and a two-state model analyzing a binarized outcome (treatment failure (poor/fair), and treatment success (good/excellent)). Different covariates impacting improvement of bleeding episodes as well as a putative relationship between MarzAA exposure and improvement of bleeding episodes were evaluated. In the final four-state model, higher baseline diastolic blood pressure and higher age (> 33 years of age) were found to negatively and positively impact improvement of bleeding condition, respectively. Bleeding events occurring in knees and ankles were found to improve faster than bleeding events at other locations. The covariate effects had most impact on early treatment success (≤ 3 hours) whereas at later timepoints (> 12 hours), treatment success was similar for all patients indicating that these covariates might be clinically relevant for early treatment response. A statistically significant relationship between MarzAA zero-order absorption and improvement of bleedings (P < 0.05) were identified albeit with low precision. No statistically significant difference in treatment response between MarzAA and intravenous SoC was identified, indicating the potential of MarzAA for treatment of episodic bleeding events with a favorable subcutaneous administration route.
Participants received peginterferon alfa-2a 180 mcg/0.5 mL by subcutaneous injection once a week in combination with ribavirin 1000 or 1200 mg per day which was taken orally in split doses. Participants with \<75 kg (165 lbs) of body weight received 1000 mg/day. Participants with \>=75 kg (165 lbs) of body weight received 1200 mg/day for 48 weeks.
Lansoprazole 30mg (as 2 x 15mg capsules) twice daily, 12 hours apart, for 12 months. IMP should be taken at least 30 minutes before food.
The current study is a continuation of the research into the development and evaluation of a novel treatment designed to address the chronic, persistent nature of drug addiction. This treatment, called the Therapeutic Workplace, integrates abstinence reinforcement contingencies of proven efficacy into a model supported work program. Participants were paid to work or to train in the Therapeutic Workplace but had to provide drug-free urine samples to gain daily access. Forty participants were randomly assigned to a Therapeutic Workplace or usual care control group. Therapeutic Workplace participants could work for about 5 years. This study reports the effects of the intervention over a follow-up period of 8 years after treatment initiation.
The invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine preparations, and particularly relates to application of an oleum folium artemisiae argyi inclusion compound in preparation of a medical spray for treating asthma. The invention provides a new application of folium artemisiae argyi volatile oil serving as an effective component in preparing a medical spray for treating asthma. The application amount of the blumea oil inclusion compound in mice is atomized according to 13.89mg/kg and 6.96mg/kg body mass, and the level of inflammatory cytokines in mice BALF and OVA-sIgE in mice serum can be reduced after administration. Reduce the total number of white blood cells in BALF (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid) of mice, and inhibit infiltration of inflammatory cells of lung tissues and secretion of airway mucus. Has the advantages of simple preparation process, low toxic and side effects, nature, safety and the like. The invention develops new application of the blumea oil and provides a new direction for improving the phenomena of more adverse reactions and large toxic and side effects of the existing asthma treatment medicines.
The standard-of-care for medically refractory epilepsy is resective brain surgery. In certain patients, precise localization of the epileptic focus is done using intracranial EEG (iEEG) recording. In this type of EEG recording, electrodes are placed on the brain surface or inserted into the brain through an opening in the skull. In addition to standard electrode recording, this study will use ultra thin microelectrodes. Microelectrodes are only several micrometers thick and are useful because they are able to record the activity of single neurons in isolation. Such recordings have tremendous clinical potential in epilepsy surgery and tremendous research potential in cognitive neuroscience.
Granulomas are a key pathological feature of tuberculosis (TB), characterized by cell heterogeneity, spatial composition, and cellular interactions, which play crucial roles in granuloma progression and host prognosis. This study aims to analyze the transcriptome profiles of cell populations based on their spatial location and to understand the core transcriptome characteristics of granuloma formation and development. Methods In this study, we collected four clinical biopsy samples including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infected lung (MTB-L) and omentum tissues (MTB-O), as well as two lung and omentum biopsies from non-TB patients. The tissues were analyzed by spatial transcriptomics to create a spatial atlas. Utilizing cell enrichment scores and intercellular communication analysis, we investigated the transcriptome signatures of cell populations in various spatial regions and identified genes that may play a decisive role in the formation of pulmonary and omental tuberculosis granulomas. To validate our major findings, an in vitro TB model based on organoid-macrophage co-culture was established. Results Spatial transcriptomics mapped the cell composition and spatial distribution characteristics of tuberculosis granulomas in lung and omental tissues infected with Mtb. The characteristics and evolutionary relationships of major cell populations in granulomas reveal a shift in the immune microenvironment: from a predominance of B cells and fibroblasts in pulmonary granulomas to a predominance of myeloid cells and fibroblasts in omental granulomas. Furthermore, our data identified key differentially expressed genes across cell clusters and regions, showing that upregulation of collagen genes is a common feature of granulomas. Using an organoid-macrophage co-culture model, we demonstrated the notable efficacy of Thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) in reducing protein expression levels related to extracellular matrix remodeling. Conclusion These results provide insights into the pathogenesis and development of tuberculosis, enhancing our understanding of the composition and interactions of tuberculosis granuloma cells from a spatial perspective, and pave the way for novel adjuvant treatments for tuberculosis.
This group will follow the longitudinal NRP training course. The longitudinal NRP training course will consist of nine 30-minute modules that will be taught every 6-8 weeks over a period of one year. The nurses will attend the different modules of the training course at their work place and during their work shift so they will have to be released from their clinical duty only 30 minutes at a time.
PCT No. PCT/JP95/02113 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 12, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 12, 1996 PCT Filed Oct. 13, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/11938 PCT Pub. Date Apr. 25, 1996This invention provides a method for inhibiting transcription of a p120 gene, which comprises using an oligonucleotide capable of forming a triple-stranded chain in a homopurine/homopyrimidine region of the p120 gene, as well as an oligonucleotide capable of forming a triple-stranded chain, or a derivative thereof, which has the following nucleotide sequence GAAWGGAGGAGGAGAAA or a complementary sequence thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition which contains the oligonucleotide as its active ingredient and is useful as an agent for the prevention and treatment of cancers with less side effects.
The escitalopram 20 mg QD arm consisted of 3 placebo to match AZD7268 capsules dosed orally in the morning and evening. In addition, during Week 1, one encapsulated 10-mg escitalopram tablet and 1 placebo to match encapsulated escitalopram tablet were dosed orally in the morning only. During Weeks 2 through 4, two encapsulated 10-mg escitalopram tablets were dosed orally in the morning only.
BACKGROUND: Choosing to have dialysis or conservative kidney management is often challenging for older people with advanced kidney disease. While we know that clinical communication has a major impact on patients' treatment decision-making, little is known about how this occurs in practice. The OSCAR study (Optimising Staff-Patient Communication in Advanced Renal disease) aimed to identify how clinicians present kidney failure treatment options in consultations with older patients and the implications of this for patient engagement.
METHODS: An observational, multi-method study design was adopted. Outpatient consultations at four UK renal units were video-recorded, and patients completed a post-consultation measure of shared decision-making (SDM-Q-9). Units were sampled according to variable rates of conservative management. Eligible patients were ≥ 65 years old with an eGFR of ≤ 20 mls/min/1.73m2 within the last 6 months. Video-recordings were screened to identify instances where clinicians presented both dialysis and conservative management. These instances were transcribed in fine-grained detail and recurrent practices identified using conversation-analytic methods, an empirical, observational approach to studying language and social interaction.
RESULTS: 110 outpatient consultations were recorded (105 video, 5 audio only), involving 38 clinicians (doctors and nurses) and 94 patients: mean age 77 (65-97); 61 males/33 females; mean eGFR 15 (range 4-23). There were 21 instances where clinicians presented both dialysis and conservative management. Two main practices were identified: (1) Conservative management and dialysis both presented as the main treatment options; (2) Conservative management presented as a subordinate option to dialysis. The first practice was less commonly used (6 vs. 15 cases), but associated with more opportunities in the conversation for patients to ask questions and share their perspective, through which they tended to evaluate conservative management as an option that was potentially personally relevant. This practice was also associated with significantly higher post-consultation ratings of shared decision-making among patients (SDM-Q-9 median total score 24 vs. 37, p = 0.041).
CONCLUSIONS: Presenting conservative management and dialysis as on an equal footing enables patient to take a more active role in decision-making. Findings should inform clinical communication skills training and education.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: No trial number as this is not a clinical trial.
The present invention discloses a dietary therapy composition for treating hypertension. The composition is characterized by comprising bitter gourds, Chinese yams, celeries, honey and milk. The components are in the following weight ratios: 100 grams of bitter gourds, 50 grams of fresh yams, 50 grams of celeries, 200 grams of milk and 20 grams of honey. A manufacture method is as follows: the bitter gourds are cut out, seeds are removed, the treated bitter gourds are washed clean, and the washed bitter gourds are cut into slices; the Chinese yams are peeled, the peeled Chinese yams are washed clean, the washed Chinese yams are cut into small blocks, the Chinese yam small blocks, bitter gourds, celeries and milk are added together into a domestic juicer to be rapidly stirred into a slurry juice, the slurry juice is put into a pot to be boiled out, and the honey is blended for drinking. One dose is taken every day and the composition is drunk twice respectively in the morning and in the evening. The composition solves the problem that the side effects of the existing medicinal therapy are large and is suitable for treating the hypertension.
Daily monitoring of body temperature and symptoms. SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test if fever or COVID-19 symptoms.
BACKGROUND: Viridans group streptococci (VGS) bloodstream infection (BSI) frequently occurs in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, and is associated with infective endocarditis (IE) in up to 20% of cases in the general population.
OBJECTIVES: In cancer patients receiving chemotherapy with VGS BSI, we aimed to: (i) determine the incidence of infective complications including IE, (ii) assess the utility of echocardiography in this patient population, (iii) determine the duration and type of antimicrobial therapy received for monomicrobial infections, and (iv) determine the evolution of antimicrobial resistance.
METHODS: VGS BSIs (excluding Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae) in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy were identified from a statewide public pathology database between 2013 and 2022 at our tertiary centre. Medical records were accessed for clinical, microbiological and radiological data.
RESULTS: Of 581 patient episodes screened, 183 episodes involving 171 patients met inclusion criteria. Of these, 51% were bone marrow transplantation (BMT) patients, 40% were non-BMT haematology patients, and 8% were solid organ malignancy patients. The median age was 55 years, and 96% were neutropenic at the time of blood culture collection. A transthoracic echocardiogram was performed for 71% of episodes, and one patient met modified Duke's criteria for definite IE, although this diagnosis was not suspected on clinical grounds. Other complications were uncommon. Benzylpenicillin resistance was rare (2.9%) and did not change over time. Most episodes (75%) were treated with piperacillin/tazobactam. For monomicrobial BSIs, the median antibiotic duration was 5 days (IQR 2-7) post-neutropenia resolution.
CONCLUSIONS: Infective complications and antimicrobial resistance are rare in cancer patients with VGS BSI. This may provide a safe opportunity to limit both investigations (e.g. echocardiogram) and prolonged exposure to broad-spectrum antimicrobials.
The investigators will conduct a 14 week, single-site, randomized, double-blind, parallel pilot study in 40 sedentary, older adults with depressive symptoms. Participants will first enter a 2-week washout period where they will avoid consumption of foods high in fiber and anthocyanins (e.g., blueberries) and will also be wearing an activity monitor. Participants will then be randomized to consume either 48 g of freeze-dried blueberry powder (\~600 mg of anthocyanins and \~8 g of fiber) or 48 g of a nutritionally matched placebo powder (devoid of anthocyanins and fiber) each day for a total of 12 weeks.

At baseline, participants will be undergo assessments for mood/well-being, relevant symptoms, motivation to engage in physical activity, and provide a blood sample for the evaluation of inflammatory biomarkers. For the entire duration of the study, participants will continue to wear the activity monitor. After 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks of consuming the powder there will be study visits that assess mood/well-being, relevant symptoms, motivation to engage in physical activity and compliance with the intervention. Additionally, a blood sample for the evaluation of inflammatory makers will be taken after 6 and 12 weeks of the intervention.
Several decades of research support the involvement of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in nociception. Despite the disappointments of early TRPV1 antagonist programs, the TRP family remains a promising therapeutic target in pain disorders. High-dose capsaicin patches are already in clinical use to relieve neuropathic pain. At present, localized injections of the side-directed TRPV1 agonist capsaicin and resiniferatoxin are undergoing clinical trials in patients with osteoarthritis and bone cancer pain. TRPA1, TRPM3, and TRPC5 channels are also of significant interest. This review discusses the role of TRP channels in human pain conditions.
Smoking cessation offers an important way for newly diagnosed cancer patients to take an active role in their treatment and recovery. Quitting tobacco use decreases cancer patients' risk of disease recurrence and development of second primary cancers. In addition, preoperative tobacco cessation may reduce the likelihood of perioperative pulmonary, cardiovascular, and wound healing complications. Due to increased awareness of the health hazards of tobacco use, rates of cessation after cancer diagnosis are high. However, 35% to 69% of patients continue to use tobacco and this is largely due to strong barriers to quitting (low-self efficacy, psychological distress) rather than lack of positive intentions to quit. Previous attempts to increase smoking cessation among the medically ill have provided intervention either during or after hospitalization.

We propose that the period immediately prior to hospitalization and surgery represents a unique window of opportunity, or "teachable moment," for smoking cessation that could take full advantage of patients' enhanced health awareness and quitting motivation, strong physician quitting advice, and patients' heightened desire to take an active role in their care.