anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A medical device that releases a pharmaceutical agent to a target site is disclosed. The medical device includes a balloon, and a coating on at least a portion of the balloon. The coating includes particles of a pharmaceutical agent. Each particle of the particles of the pharmaceutical agent is at least partially encapsulated in a polymer material. A method of releasing a pharmaceutical agent at a target site is also disclosed. The method includes the steps of providing a device including a balloon, and a coating on at least a portion of the balloon, the coating including particles of a pharmaceutical agent, and each particle of the pharmaceutical agent is at least partially encapsulated in a polymer material; positioning the device to allow the balloon to reach the target site; and inflating the balloon of the device.
"Path to a good mood lies through the gut." This statement seems to imply that it has long been believed that the gut is connected with the brain. Research has shown that eating food activates the reward system and releases dopamine (DA), establishing a link between the peripheral and central nervous system. At the same time, researchers also trust that the gut is involved in the onset of many diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD), in which gastrointestinal dysfunction is considered a prevalent symptom. Reports suggest that PD starts from the gut and reaches the brain via the vagus nerve. Recent studies have revealed an intriguing interaction between the gut and brain, which links gut dysbiosis to the etiology of PD. This review aims to explore the mechanistic pathway how reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the gut affects the makeup and operation of the dopamine circuitry in the brain. Our primary concern is ROS generation in the gut, which disrupts the gut microbiome (GM), causing α-synuclein accumulation and inflammation. This trio contributes to the loss of DA neurons in the brain, resulting in PD development. This review also compiles pre-clinical and clinical studies on antioxidants, demonstrating that antioxidants reduce ROS and increase DA levels. Collectively, the study highlights the necessity of comprehending the gut-brain axis for unraveling the riddles of PD pathogenesis and considering new therapeutic approaches.
Children with obesity or T1D will be randomized into this group. An individualized dietary approach will be used in this group of children.
BACKGROUND: Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) is a versatile ion channel with diverse roles in immune cells, including macrophages. While its function in inflammation remains debated, we investigated its role in regulating IL-10 production and its impact on macrophage reprogramming during inflammation.
METHODS: We investigated the connection between TRPV4 activation and CREB-mediated IL-10 production during inflammation. Notably, this signaling pathway was found to reprogram macrophages and enhance their ability to resist inflammatory damage. The experiments were conducted on primary macrophages and were further corroborated by animal studies.
RESULTS: In response to TRPV4 activation during inflammation, we observed a significant increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels, which triggered the activation of the transcription factor CREB, subsequently upregulating IL-10 production. This IL-10 played a pivotal role in reprogramming macrophages to withstand inflammatory damage. Using a mouse model of acute lung injury (ALI), we confirmed that TRPV4 activation during ALI led to IL-10 secretion, but this increase did not significantly contribute to inflammation resolution. Moreover, we found that TRPV4 prevented the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria in macrophages through the CREB-IL-10 axis during inflammation. Suppression of CREB or TRPV4 inhibition exacerbated mitochondrial dysfunction, while treatment with recombinant IL-10 mitigated these effects. Additionally, IL-10 induced mitophagy and cleared dysfunctional mitochondria in LPS-exposed cells.
CONCLUSION: Our study highlights the essential role of TRPV4 in regulating IL-10 production and mitochondrial health in macrophages during inflammation. These findings contribute to understand the role of TRPV4 in immune responses and suggest potential therapeutic targets for modulating inflammation-induced cellular dysfunction.
Metastasis to the penis from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) or any other primary cancer site is unusual; when it does occur, it often involves multiple organs. A 75-year-old man presented with penile pain and swelling. Three months earlier, he had open radical nephrectomy with thrombectomy and was diagnosed with clear-cell RCC with tumor thrombosis in the inferior vena cava. The follow-up imaging indicated metastasis to the penis, prompting a total penectomy due to worsening pain. The excised mass displayed features consistent with metastatic RCC. This case underscores the need to consider rare metastatic sites, such as the metastasis of RCC to the penis, in RCC patients.
BACKGROUND: Transvaginal mesh (TVM) surgeries emerged as an innovative treatment for stress urine incontinency and/or pelvic organ prolapse in 1996. Years after rapid adoption of these surgeries into practice, they are a key example of worldwide failure of healthcare quality and patient safety. The prevalence of TVM-associated harms eventually prompted action globally, including an Australian Commonwealth Government Senate Inquiry in 2017.
METHOD: We analysed 425 submissions made by women (n = 417) and their advocates (n = 8) to the Australian Senate Inquiry, and documents from 5 public hearings, using deductive and inductive coding, categorisation and thematic analysis informed by three 'linked dilemmas' from healthcare quality and safety theory. We focused on women's accounts of: a) how harms arose from TVM procedures, and b) micro, meso and macro factors that contributed to their experience. Our aim was to explain, from a patient perspective, how these harms persisted in Australian healthcare, and to identify mechanisms at micro, meso and macro levels explaining quality and safety system failure.
RESULTS: Our findings suggest three mechanisms explaining quality and safety failure: 1. Individual clinicians could ignore cases of TVM injury or define them as 'non-preventable'; 2. Women could not go beyond their treating clinicians to participate in defining and governing quality and safety; and. 3. Health services set thresholds for concern based on proportion of cases harmed, not absolute number or severity of harms.
CONCLUSION: We argue that privileging clinical perspectives over patient perspectives in evaluating TVM outcomes allowed micro-level actors to dismiss women's lived experience, such that women's accounts of harms had insufficient or no weight at meso and macro levels. Establishing system-wide expectations regarding responsiveness to patients, and communication of patient reported outcomes in evaluation of healthcare delivery, may help prevent similar failures.
Participants in the treatment group will receive the 12-week STEP by a trained interventionist. In the first four weeks, the interventionist will focus on building participants' selfefficacy and health literacy and help participants learn the STEP exercise and principles. In the following four weeks, the interventionist will help the older adults to be more independent in prescribing exercise activities for themselves. In the last four weeks, participants will be fulling knowledgeable and independent on functional exercising; the interventionist will allocate community resources for long-term maintenance. After program completion, trained raters will administer at post-tests. There will also be a 3-month and 6-month follow-up evaluation after program completion.
The invention provides an alternative method of reversible aggregation and/or dissociation of polypeptides. Proteins or polypeptides according to the invention have an inherent aggregation capability, wherein the aggregation is an oligomerization of the polypeptide that is based on the presence and the strucuture of peptide repeats localized in a flexibly disordered domain of this polypeptide. The flexibly disordered domain comprising the peptide repeats preferrably is located in close proximity with the N-terminus of the protein amino acid sequence. Preferably, each of the peptide repeats has a sequence that comprises one to four identical octapeptides with the amino acid sequence: PHGGGWGQ. Preferred proteins are selected from the group comprising cellular prion proteins (PrPc) and engineered polypeptides or fusion proteins with a respective inherent reversible aggregation and dissociation capability.  Because of the new mechanism of aggregation, the oligomerization reaction of the protein is reversible in a fluidic environment depending on the pH of this fluidic environment. Oligomerization occurs at a pH of 6.2 to 7.8, and the dissociation into monomers is reported to be at a pH range of 4.5 to 5.5.
Background and objectives: Mechanical ventilation is often used in intensive care units to assist patients' breathing. This often leads to respiratory muscle weakness and diaphragmatic dysfunction, causing weaning difficulties. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been found to be beneficial in increasing inspiratory muscle strength and facilitating weaning. Over the years, different protocols and devices have been used. Materials and Methods: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effectiveness of low-medium (LM-IMT) and high-intensity (H-IMT) threshold inspiratory muscle training in critically ill patients. A systematic literature search was performed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the electronic databases Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct. The search involved screening for studies examining the effectiveness of two different intensities of threshold IMT in critically ill patients published the last 10 years. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was chosen as the tool to assess the quality of studies. A meta-analysis was performed where possible. Results: Fourteen studies were included in the systematic review, with five of them having high methodological quality. Conclusions: When examining LM-IMT and H-IMT though, neither was able to reach statistically significant improvement in their maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), while LM-IMT reached it in terms of weaning duration. Additionally, no statistical difference was noticed in the duration of mechanical ventilation. The application of IMT is recommended to ICU patients in order to prevent diaphragmatic dysfunction and facilitate weaning from mechanical ventilation. Therefore, further research as well as additional RCTs regarding different protocols are needed to enhance its effectiveness.
The inflammatory microenvironment, polarization of macrophages towards the M1 phenotype, and consequent matrix degradation and senescence of chondrocytes are primary contributors to the degeneration of knee joint cartilage, further exacerbating the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Kongensin A (KA) is a recently identified natural plant extract exhibiting anti-necrotic apoptosis and anti-inflammatory properties, but the potential efficacy in alleviating OA remains uncertain. The current research lucubrated the effect of KA on the inflammatory microenvironment and macrophage polarization, as well as its regulatory function in extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism and chondrocyte senescence. Our findings demonstrated that KA can suppress inflammatory signaling, maintain homeostasis between ECM anabolism and catabolism, and suppress chondrocytes senescence. Further investigation elucidated that the mechanism involves the suppression of the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB axis in chondrocytes under inflammatory conditions. Moreover, KA impeded M1 polarization of macrophages via inhibiting PI3K/AKT/NF-κB axis. Subsequently, we treated chondrocytes with macrophages-derived conditioned medium (CM) and revealed that KA can promote ECM anabolism and alleviate chondrocytes senescence by reprogramming macrophage polarization. Consistent with in vitro experiments, in vivo administration of KA demonstrated alleviated cartilage degeneration and delayed progression of OA. Collectively, through obstructing the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB axis, KA can reprogram macrophage polarization, promote matrix metabolism equilibrium, and alleviate chondrocytes senescence, thereby attenuating the pathology of OA. In conclusion, KA may emerge as a promising therapy for OA.
Clinical studies of dantrolene sodium did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience in the literature has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy. As with all patients receiving dantrolene sodium, it is recommended that elderly patients receive the lowest dose compatible with the optimal response. Spontaneous reports suggest a higher proportion of hepatic events with fatal outcome in elderly patients receiving dantrolene sodium. However, the majority of these cases were complicated with confounding factors such as intercurrent illnesses and/or concomitant potentially hepatotoxic medications (for hepatotoxicity details and its management see Black Box and Warnings Sections).
Healthy adults aged 18 to 64 years received a single dose of PCV13 0.5 milliliter (mL) intramuscularly on Day 1. Data from participants in each group given PCV13 were pooled for comparison with each ASP3772 dose group (ASP3772 low dose, ASP3772 medium dose and ASP3772 high dose).
A conjunctival erosion is a full thickness degradation or breakdown of the conjunctiva in the area of the implant flange. A conjunctival retraction is a recession or opening of the limbal and/or radial peritomy. Conjunctival erosions or retractions have been associated with an increased risk of endophthalmitis, especially if the implant becomes exposed. Surgical intervention (e.g., conjunctival/Tenon's capsule repair) is recommended to be performed in case of conjunctival erosion or retraction with or without exposure of the implant flange.

In clinical trials of SUSVIMO including extension phases, 3.6% (16/443) of patients receiving SUSVIMO reported conjunctival erosion and 1.6% (7/443) of patients receiving SUSVIMO reported conjunctival retraction in the study eye.

Appropriate intraoperative handling of conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule to preserve tissue integrity and secure closure of peritomy while ensuring placement of sutures away from implant edge may reduce the risk of conjunctival erosion or retraction. The implant and the tissue overlying the implant flange should be monitored routinely following the implant insertion.
Dapagliflozin for oral administration. Patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to the dapagliflozin or placebo group.
The sham group will also receive the transcranial direct current stimulation for 5 consecutive days on sham procedure. The rationale behind this sham procedure was to mimic the transient skin sensation at the beginning of active ON-tDCS without producing any conditioning effects on the brain.
The wait list control group will not receive the self-help intervention, and will be compared to the intervention group on the outcome measures. The wait-list control group will receive the intervention after study completion if it is found to be helpful (June 2024).
A single-center, randomized, open-label, and dose escalation trial design is used in the multiple-dose tolerability and pharmacokinetic studies. The tolerability and pharmacokinetic studies are performed simultaneously. Three doses, 250 mg, 500 mg, and 1000 mg are proposed for multiple-dose tolerability and pharmacokinetic studies. The subjects are divided into two groups, 12 subjects in each group, half males and half females. 250 mg group is performed firstly. After completion of observation and confirming that the drug can be safely tolerated, study on 500 mg group is then performed. After completion of observation and confirming that the drug can be safely tolerated, study on 1000 mg group is then performed. Each subject only receives one dose, intravenous drip, once daily, for 7 consecutive days. During the trial, close attention is paid to the tolerability of subjects, and blood samples 4 mL is collected from cubital vein respectively before dosing, 0.25 h, 0.5 h, 0.75 h, 1 h, 1.5 h, 2 h, 3 h, 5h, 8 h, 12 h, and 24 h after dosing on Day 1 (0 h); before dosing (0 h), 0.25 h, 0.5 h, 0.75 h, 1 h, 1.5 h, 2 h, 3 h, 5 h, 8 h, 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, and 48 h after dosing on Day 7 for pharmacokinetic study. Blood samples are collected before dosing on Day 4, 5 and 6 to determine the trough concentration for observing the pharmacokinetic profiles of benapenem and its major metabolites in the body after continuous dosing. The next dose group can be studied only when the observation of the previous dose group is completed and it is confirmed that the drug is safely tolerated
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition carrier containing urethane foams of which hardness and pore size per inch is controlled according to the viscosity is provided to enable impregnation of cosmetic composition with different viscosity and to enhance stability, convenience, and portability. CONSTITUTION: A cosmetic composition carrier contains urethane foams with a hardness of 1-100 based on ASKER Durometer type F before impregnation. The viscosity of the cosmetic composition is 1,000-5,000 cps (centi poise) to 15,000-60,000 cps (centi poise). The urethane foams are polyether-based urethane foams. The cosmetic composition contains a water dispersion type, oil dispersion type, water-in-oil (W/O) type, or oil-in-water (O/W) type composition. A cosmetic product contains the cosmetic composition carrier.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of diagnosis and treatment of chronic endometritis (CE) on the outcome of assisted reproductive technology (ART) with or without repeated implantation failure (RIF). This retrospective analysis included patients who underwent pathological examination for diagnosis of CE at Yamagata University Hospital. The examination was performed for all patients planned for ART with or without RIF. Patients who were examined within 6 months of the first oocyte retrieval or embryo transfer were included. We counted the number of CD138-positive cells within the endometrial stroma in patients' specimens and analyzed the patients' clinical information. Clinical rates of pregnancy and implantation were determined. A total of 80 women met the inclusion criteria: 13 CE-negative patients (17.3%) and 67 CE-positive patients (83.7%). A significant decrease was noted in the CD138-positive cell count between the first biopsy and second biopsy after CE treatment (p < 0.001). In addition, no significant differences were noted in ongoing pregnancy rates between the CE-negative patients and those who underwent CE treatment. The CD138-positive cell counts at first biopsy tended to be lower in each pregnancy group than in the non-pregnancy group. For patients planned to undergo ART, examination for diagnosis of CE with or without RIF could be considered. Pathological CD138-positive cell counts were considered useful for CE diagnosis and treatment decision-making. The study findings suggest the efficacy of antimicrobial agents in CE treatment, contributing to improved pregnancy outcomes.
The invention discloses a single-stranded nucleic acid or double-stranded nucleic acid and application thereof in preparing a medicament for treating Dunaliella muscular dystrophy, and belongs to the technical field of nucleic acid medicaments. The single-stranded nucleic acid is an antisense nucleic acid strand after modification; the double-stranded nucleic acid consists of an antisense nucleic acid strand subjected to ① modification and a ② complementary strand or a complementary strand subjected to ② modification, and the nucleotide sequence of the antisense nucleic acid strand is shown as SEQ ID NO. 1; the nucleotide sequence of the complementary strand is shown as SEQ ID NO. 2. The complementary strand may also have a carrier attached thereto, such as alpha-tocopherol. The application of the single-stranded nucleic acid or the double-stranded nucleic acid in preparing medicines for treating Dunaliella muscular dystrophy. The invention also discloses a pharmaceutical composition for treating Du's muscular dystrophy. The single-stranded nucleic acid or double-stranded nucleic acid can realize exon skipping, increase the expression of dystrophin and promote the recovery of muscle strength of Dunaliella muscular dystrophy patients.
5-Nitrofuryl-1,2,4-oxadiazine derivs. with antimicrobial properties. Cpd. of formula: (in which R is O, imine or lower alkanoylimine and n is 0 or 1) is prepd. by treatment of a cpd. of formula: (where X is halogen) with an alkali pref. aqs., or ammonia pref. liquid, to give product of formula (I) (where R is O or imine), followed by acylation when a cpd. in which R is lower alkanoylimine is required. These cpds. are used against infections in animals due to organisms such as Trichomonas vaginalis, Staphylococcus aureus or Trichophyton mentagrophytes.
FIELD: medicine, veterinary. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of veterinary medicine. Vaccine contains suspensions of cells of streptococcosis causative agents Streptococcus uberis, pseudomonosis Pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterococcus infection Enterococcus faecalis, obtained by selection of affected organs of dead nutrias from local epizootic centre, preparation of suspension, inoculation on differential-diagnostic media, isolation of pure cultures of causative agents, their separate growing in meat-peptone broth with glucose to concentration of microbial cells 4-5 billion in 1 cm3. Vaccine also contains formalin and aluminium hydroxide with the following component ratio, wt %: suspension of cells of pure culture of streptococcosis causative agent Streptococcus uberis, isolated from dead nutria from local epizootic nidus, in nutrition medium with titre 4-5 billion of microbial cells in 1 cm3 -24.0-29.0, suspension of cells of pure culture of pseudomonosis causative agent Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolated from dead nutria from local epizootic nidus, in nutrition medium with titre 4-5 billion of microbial cells in 1 cm3 -24.0-29.0, suspension of cells of pure culture of enterococcus infection causative agent Enterococcus faecalis, isolated from dead nutria from local epizootic nidus, in nutrition medium with titre 4-5 billion of microbial cells in 1 cm3 -24.0-29.0, glucose - 2.0-1.0, formalin 2.0-1.5, aluminium hydroxide - the remaining part. ^ EFFECT: vaccine possesses high immunogenic activity, does not cause post-vaccination complications, is stable in storage. ^ 1 tbl, 5 ex