anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The study was aimed to investigate microarchitecture of osteochondral junction in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). We hypothesis that there were microarchitecture alternations in osteochondral junction and regional differences between the necrotic region (NR) and adjacent non-necrotic region(ANR) in patients with ONFH. Femoral heads with ONFH or femoral neck fracture were included in ONFH group (n = 11) and control group (n = 11). Cylindrical specimens were drilled on the NR/ANR of femoral heads in ONFH group and matched positions in control group (CO.NR/ CO.ANR). Histology, micro-CT, and scanning electron microscope were used to investigate microarchitecture of osteochondral junction. Layered analysis of subchondral bone plate was underwent. Mankin scores on NR were higher than that on ANR or CO.NR, respectively (P < 0.001, P < 0.001). Calcified cartilage zone on the NR and ANR was thinner than that on the CO.NR and CO.ANR, respectively (P = 0.002, P = 0.002). Tidemark roughness on the NR was larger than that on the ANR (P = 0.002). Subchondral bone plate of NR and ANR was thicker than that on the CON.NR and CON.ANR, respectively (P = 0.002, P = 0.009). Bone volume fraction of subchondral bone plate on the NR was significantly decreasing compared to ANR and CON.NR, respectively (P = 0.015, P = 0.002). Subchondral bone plate on the NR had larger area percentages and more numbers of micropores than ANR and CON.NR (P = 0.002/0.002, P = 0.002/0.002). Layered analysis showed that bone mass loss and hypomineralization were mainly on the cartilage side of subchondral bone plate in ONFH. There were microarchitecture alternations of osteochondral junction in ONFH, including thinned calcified cartilage zone, thickened subchondral bone plate, decreased bone mass, altered micropores, and hypomineralization of subchondral bone plate. Regional differences in microarchitecture of osteochondral junction were found between necrotic regions and adjacent non-necrotic regions. Subchondral bone plate in ONFH had uneven distribution of bone volume fraction and bone mineral density, which might aggravate cartilage degeneration by affecting the transmission of mechanical stresses.
During its premarketing assessment, multiple doses of sertraline hydrochloride were administered to over 4000 adult subjects as of February 18, 2000. The conditions and duration of exposure to sertraline hydrochloride varied greatly, and included (in overlapping categories) clinical pharmacology studies, open and double-blind studies, uncontrolled and controlled studies, inpatient and outpatient studies, fixed-dose and titration studies, and studies for multiple indications, including major depressive disorder, OCD, panic disorder, PTSD, PMDD and social anxiety disorder. 

Untoward events associated with this exposure were recorded by clinical investigators using terminology of their own choosing. Consequently, it is not possible to provide a meaningful estimate of the proportion of individuals experiencing adverse events without first grouping similar types of untoward events into a smaller number of standardized event categories.

In the tabulations that follow, a World Health Organization dictionary of terminology has been used to classify reported adverse events. The frequencies presented, therefore, represent the proportion of the over 4000 adult individuals exposed to multiple doses of sertraline hydrochloride who experienced a treatment-emergent adverse event of the type cited on at least one occasion while receiving sertraline hydrochloride. An event was considered treatment-emergent if it occurred for the first time or worsened while receiving therapy following baseline evaluation. It is important to emphasize that events reported during therapy were not necessarily caused by it.

The prescriber should be aware that the figures in the tables and tabulations cannot be used to predict the incidence of side effects in the course of usual medical practice where patient characteristics and other factors differ from those that prevailed in the clinical trials. Similarly, the cited frequencies cannot be compared with figures obtained from other clinical investigations involving different treatments, uses, and investigators. The cited figures, however, do provide the prescribing physician with some basis for estimating the relative contribution of drug and non-drug factors to the side effect incidence rate in the population studied.
Disclosed is a bathing apparatus for a child that comprises a tub and a cradle. The tub is nestable with the cradle and includes a bottom wall and at least one side wall, each wall having an inside and an outside surface. The bottom wall includes a heat conductive means for conducting heat from the outside surface to the inside surface thereof. The cradle comprises a tub receiving portion and a base. The tub receiving portion is adapted for nestable engagement with the tub and further includes a heat generating means. When the tub is nested with the cradle, the heat generating means makes physical contact with the heat conductive means of the tub so as to allow heat transmission thereto. An electric switch is located electrically between the heating element and a power source. The electric switch is preferably a thermostat for deactivating the heat generating means when the water in the tub reaches a selected temperature. A water spraying means is preferably included that may be actuated to circulate water from the tub, through the pump, through the spray nozzle, and back into the tub.
The present invention discloses the use of resveratrol as a compound useful in the treatment of breast cancer. The treatment with resveratrol for 24h and 48h promote the reduction in hypermethylation and increase in the hypomethylation of DNA in triple negative cell promoters of breast cancer, such as MDA-MB-231. Furthermore, resveratrol does not induce nonspecific changes in the hypermethylation or hypomethylation of the promoter regions DNA. Additionally, resveratrol produces a demethylating effect on tumor suppressor genes as well as a methylation effect on key oncogene promoter regions, thereby restoring the normal pattern of DNA methylation therein. The present invention reveals the dual effect of resveratrol on the methylome of breast cancer cell, thus allowing identifying a novel potential target of the epigenetic therapy of the said type of cancer. Resveratrol also is considered as an epigenetic modulator since it can exert its anti-tumor activities by modifying the methylati on status of genes related to cancer.
A microcrystalline suspension of a water-insoluble hormone, including an ester thereof, alkaloid, or glucoside, suitable for intramuscular injection, is obtained by dissolving the hormone,, alkaloid or glucoside, in a mixture of a plurality of solvents of different solubilities in water, e.g. a mixture of b -phenoxyethanol, absolute alcohol, and propylene glycol, containing a wetting agent, e.g. the reaction product of ricinoleic acid and ethylene oxide, and bringing this complex solution into contact with an aqueous solution of a compound capable of giving the mixture an increased viscosity, e.g. methyl cellulose, other cellulose derivatives, alginates, or gums, so that a suspension of microcrystals is formed.  The two solutions may be made up in separate ampoules and mixed just before injection.  The example relates to testosterone propionate.
Veterans enrolled in the "Control-Veterans" arm received a copy of the NIA guide for "Talking with Your Doctor" \[Informational Guide for Patients\]. This pamphlet was specifically developed for this purpose (updated in 2002). It has pictorials and is written at an 8th grade level.
Nexterone inhibits peripheral conversion of throxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3) and may cause increased T3 levels, and increased levels of inactive reverse T3 (rT3) in clinically euthyroid patients. Monitor thyroid function prior to treatment and periodically thereafter, particularly in elderly patients, and in any patient with a history of thyroid nodules, goiter, or other thyroid dysfunction.

Hyperthyroidism may induce arrhythmia breakthrough. If any new signs of arrhythmia appear, the possibility of hyperthyroidism should be considered.

Antithyroid drugs, β-adrenergic blockers, temporary corticosteroid therapy may be necessary to treat the symptoms of hyperthyroidism. The action of antithyroid drugs may be delayed in amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis because of substantial quantities of preformed thyroid hormones stored in the gland. Radioactive iodine therapy is contraindicated because of the low radioiodine uptake associated with amiodarone-induced hyperthyroidism.

Nexterone-induced hyperthyroidism may be followed by a transient period of hypothyroidism. In some clinically hypothyroid amiodarone-treated patients, free thyroxine index values may be normal. Manage hypothyroidism by reducing the dose of or discontinuing amiodarone and thyroid hormone supplementation.
Background: Postoperative pain after total knee replacement /arthroplasty (TKA) is a major concern. It is severe pain in 60% of patients and moderate in 30%. Continuous femoral nerve blocks (CFNB) are considered an excellent choice for regional anesthesia for major knee repair but there are some controversies about the need of supplemental obturator or sciatic nerve blocks for achieving better postoperative analgesia. A recent meta-analysis states there is no sufficient evidence to recommend or discharge these associations.

Objectives: We aim to assess the efficacy of the association of a sciatic nerve block (SNB) and a continuous femoral nerve block (CFNB) for reducing postoperative pain in patients submitted to TKA. Methods: A randomized controlled study on 50 patients submitted to TKA. Control group receives a femoral nerve block with a catheter before general anesthesia is induced and the intervention group gets a similar block plus a single shot SNB before general anesthesia. Both groups start a continuous local anesthetic infusion through femoral catheter after the end of surgery and supplemental oral diclofenac and paracetamol. Pain scores are measured until 24h postoperatively, side effects and patient satisfaction are monitored.
Sacrosidase is an enzyme with the chemical name of β,D-fructofuranoside fructohydrolase. The enzyme is derived from baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). It has been reported that the primary amino acid structure of this protein consists of 513 amino acids with an apparent molecular weight of 100,000 Da for the glycosylated monomer (range 66,000- 116,000 Da). Reports also suggest that the protein exists in solution as a monomer, dimer, tetramer, and octomer ranging from 100,000 Da to 800,000 Da. It has an isoelectric point (pI) of 4.5.

Sucraid® (sacrosidase) Oral Solution is an oral enzyme replacement therapy.

Sucraid is a pale yellow to colorless, clear solution with a pleasant, sweet taste. Each milliliter (mL) of Sucraid contains 8,500 International Units (I.U.) of the enzyme sacrosidase, the active ingredient.

Sucraid may contain small amounts of papain (see WARNINGS). Papain is a protein-cleaving enzyme that is introduced in the manufacturing process to digest the cell wall of the yeast and may not be completely removed during subsequent process steps. Sucraid contains sacrosidase in a vehicle comprised of glycerin, water, citric acid, and sodium hydroxide to maintain the pH at 4.0 to 4.7. Glycerol (glycerin) in the amount consumed in the recommended doses of Sucraid has no expected toxicity.

This enzyme preparation is fully soluble with water, milk, and infant formula. DO NOT HEAT SOLUTIONS CONTAINING SUCRAID. Do not put Sucraid in warm or hot liquids (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, Administration Instructions).
In Period 1, suvorexant (40 mg tablets) administered orally once daily for 4 consecutive days in the evening. Period 1 is followed by a washout period of a minimum of 5 days. Period 2 consists of placebo administered once daily for 4 consecutive days in the evening.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a safe immunostimulator which can be used as a pharmaceutical or a food material, to provide a method for producing the same, and to provide a new method for using a coffee extract residue.  <P>SOLUTION: The immunostimulator contains a coffee extract as an active ingredient. Preferably, the coffee extract is an extract containing arabinogalactan. The immunostimulating activity is originated from the promotion of the proliferation of an immunocompetent cell such as a macrophage. The immunocompetent cell is preferably one selected from a macrophage like strain RAW264, a murine splenocyte, and a murine peritoneal macrophage. A composition containing the immunostimulator can be used as a composition such as a pharmaceutical composition, a food composition or a cosmetic composition.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Arm 1 (n=80) received intramuscularly with the dosage regimen of 5 mL of solution (500 mg of ethyl methyl hydroxypyridine succinate + 500 mg of meldonium) once per day for 10 days; total number of injections for the treatment course is 10 and then orally with the dosage regimen of 2 capsules (500 mg of ethyl methyl hydroxypyridine succinate + 500 mg of meldonium) twice per day for 30 days; total number of capsules for the treatment course is 120. Second group received Placebo in the same way.
PURPOSE:To improve both the efficiency of the aqueous coating method of a solid chemical and the smoothness of the surface of the solid chemical in spraying an aqueous solution of a film-forming water-soluble high polymer on the solid chemical, by adding an oil to the aqueous solution. CONSTITUTION:An oil consisting of e.g. triacetin, oil or fat, lipoid, wax, mineral oil, essential oil or a mixture thereof, is added to an aqueous solution of a film- forming water-soluble high polymer, e.g. hydroxypropyl cellulose, and the resultant solution is sprayed on to coat a solid chemical. Preferably, the above-mentioned oil or fat is mechanically dispersed in the aqueous solution into fine powder in the presence of a surfactant. According to the method, the amount of the spray can be increased as compared with that in the well-known method, and a more concentrated coating solution than in the well-known method is usable. Therefore, the efficiency is improved, and a product having more improved surface smoothness can be obtained.
OBJECTIVES: International studies have shown shifting demographic data and rising hospitalizations for alcohol-related cirrhosis (ARC), with a paucity of data from Australia. We examined hospitalizations, mortality and demographic data for people admitted with ARC over the last decade in Queensland, Australia.
STUDY DESIGN: Data linkage study.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis of adults hospitalized with ARC during 2008-2019 was performed using state-wide admissions data. International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, codes identified admissions with the principal diagnosis of ARC based on validated algorithms. Comorbidity was assessed using the Charlson Comorbidity Index.
RESULTS: A total of 7152 individuals had 24,342 hospital admissions with ARC (16,388 were for ARC). There was a predominance of males (72.6%) and age ≥50 years (80.4%) at index admission. Females were admitted at a significantly younger age than men (59% of women and 43% of men were aged <60 years, P < 0.001). Comorbidities were common, with 45.1% of people having at least one comorbidity. More than half (54.6%) of the patients died over the study period (median follow-up time was 5.1 years; interquartile range 2.4-8.6). Women had significantly lower mortality, with 47.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 45.0-50.2) probability of 5-year survival, compared with 40.1% (95% CI 38.5-41.6) in men. In multivariable analysis, this was attributable to significantly lower age and comorbidity burden in women. Significantly lower survival was seen in people with higher comorbidity burden. Overall, the number of admissions for ARC increased 2.2-fold from 869 admissions in 2008 to 1932 in 2019.
CONCLUSIONS: Hospital admissions for ARC have risen substantially in the last decade. Females were admitted at a younger age, with fewer comorbidities and had lower mortality compared with males. The association between greater comorbidity burden and higher mortality has important clinical implications, as comorbidity-directed interventions may reduce mortality.
Chronic inflammation in hemodialysis patients (micro-inflammation) is caused by multiple inflammatory stimuli and becomes apparent by elevated levels of biochemical markers such as CRP, IL-6, cellular activation markers etc. Chronic inflammation is linked to clinical signs and symptoms and cardiovascular mortality in dialysis patients. Inflamed dialysis patients show impaired response to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) related to reduced iron utilization (functional iron deficiency) and elevated CRP levels are associated with a greater need for ESA to meet hemoglobin targets. If absolute iron deficiency can been excluded, EPO resistance is likely related to 'inflammatory block'.

The high molecular permeability of the Theralite high cut-off membrane allows for significant clearance of cytokines and other pro-inflammatory solutes by hemodialysis as shown in previous trials with high cut-off dialyzers. The study therefore aims to demonstrate that Theralite dialysis is effective in reducing chronic inflammation in ESRD patients, thereby improving EPO responsiveness. If this can be demonstrated, application of Theralite hemodialysis may reduce morbidity and mortality in the long term in ESRD patients.
PURPOSE:To improve the local affinity of a thrombolytic protein, by bonding the protein chemically with a basic amino acid or its alkyl ester. CONSTITUTION:A thrombolytic protein (e.g. urokinase, streptokinase, tissue plasminogen, etc.) is bonded chemically with the reaction product obtained by reacting preferably a polymeric polysaccharide (e.g. dextran, chondroitinsulfuric acid, etc.) with a basic amino acid (e.g. arginine, lysine, etc.) or its alkyl ester in an aqueous solvent at 4-8pH in the presence of an oxidizing agent such as sodium periodate. The stability of the thromobolytic protein in blood or to heat can be improved, and the affinity of the protein to the diseased part can be increased by this process. The ratios of the above three components are e.g. preferably 0.1-3mumol of arginine and 100-100,000IU of urokinase per 1mg of dextran.
Birth asphyxia (defined as "failure to initiate and sustain breathing at birth") has been identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the most frequent cause of early deaths worldwide, accounting for about 20% of neonatal mortality. Although prompt resuscitation after birth can prevent many of the deaths and reduce disabilities in survivors from birth asphyxia, the WHO has concluded that resuscitation is often not initiated or the methods used are inadequate or wrong. The Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) has been universally accepted in the developed world but has had limited dissemination in many developing countries, including Zambia. The primary hypothesis of this study is that implementation of the combined Neonatal Resuscitation Program/WHO Essential Newborn Care (ENC) Program, compared to basic neonatal care education of health care providers (ENC only) will result in reduced neonatal 7-day mortality. This trial will be performed in two Zambian cities: Lusaka and Ndola. Training in data collection will be conducted in order to establish baseline data on mortality and asphyxia. Following this time period, all centers will receive the ENC training and continue to collect data for 7 months. The clinics will then receive NRP Training and collect data for a 12-month period.

The primary outcome will be a decrease in neonatal 7-day mortality following the NRP training when compared to the ENC-only time period. Secondary outcomes will include neonatal mortality due to perinatal asphyxia, mortality or hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) at 7 days, need for advanced resuscitation, Apgar scores at 5 minutes, sustainability of the program, as well as providers' self efficacy, competence, and performance in neonatal resuscitation.
Blood will be drawn every 14 days starting from the first treatment cycle until the start of cycle 3; starting at cycle 3 blood will be drawn the first day of every cycle thereafter until progression. Optional blood draws will be taken with standard of care labs when starting next therapy.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Verbal memory decline is a common complaint of patients with severe asymptomatic stenosis of the internal carotid artery (aICS). Previous publications explored the associations between verbal memory decline and altered functional connectivity (FC) after aICS. Patients with severe aICS may show reduced perfusion in the ipsilateral territory and redistribution of cerebral blood flow to compensate for the deficient regions, including expansion of the posterior and contralateral ICA territories via the circle of Willis. However, aICS-related FC changes in anterior and posterior territories and the impact of the sides of stenosis were less explored. This study aims to investigate the altered FC in anterior and posterior circulation territories of patients with left or right unilateral aICS and its association with verbal memory decline.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 15 healthy controls (HCs), 22 patients with left aICS (aICSL), and 33 patients with right aICS (aICSR) to receive fMRI, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Digit Span Test (DST), and the 12-item Chinese version of Verbal Learning Tests. We selected brain regions associated with verbal memory within anterior and posterior circulation territories. Territory-related FC alterations and verbal memory decline were identified by comparing the aICSL and aICSR groups with HC groups (P < .05, corrected for multiple comparisons), respectively. Furthermore, the association between altered FC and verbal memory decline was tested with the Pearson correlation analysis.
RESULTS: Compared with HCs, patients with aICSL or aICSR had significant impairment in delayed recall of verbal memory. Decline in delayed recall of verbal memory was significantly associated with altered FC between the right cerebellum and right middle temporal pole in the posterior circulation territory (r = 0.40, P = .03) in the aICSR group and was significantly associated with altered FC between the right superior medial frontal gyrus and left lingual gyrus in the anterior circulation territory (r = 0.56, P = .01) in the aICSL group.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with aICSL and aICSR showed different patterns of FC alterations in both anterior and posterior circulation territories, which suggests that the side of aICS influences the compensatory mechanism for decline in delayed recall of verbal memory.