anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets contain the biguanide antihyperglycemic agent metformin in the form of monohydrochloride salt. The chemical name of metformin hydrochloride is N,N-dimethylimidodicarbonimidic diamide hydrochloride. The structural formula is as shown:

Metformin hydrochloride is a white to off-white crystalline compound with a molecular formula of C 4H 11N 5•HCl and a molecular weight of 165.63. Metformin hydrochloride is freely soluble in water and is practically insoluble in acetone, ether, and chloroform. The pKa of metformin is 12.4. The pH of a 1% aqueous solution of metformin hydrochloride is 6.68. 

Metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets contain 500 mg or 1,000 mg of metformin hydrochloride, which is equivalent to 389.93 mg or 779.86 mg metformin, respectively.

Each 500 mg tablet contains hypromellose, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene oxide, colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, ethylcellulose, ammonium hydroxide, medium chain triglycerides and oleic acid. The tablets are film coated with coating material containing hypromellose, FD&C Blue No.2, titanium dioxide, and triethyl citrate.

Each 1,000 mg tablet contains povidone, microcrystalline cellulose, colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, eudragit RL 30D, eudragit RS 30D, triethyl citrate, talc and hypromellose. The tablets are film coated with coating material containing hypromellose, titanium dioxide, talc and triethyl citrate. Each tablet is imprinted with black pharmaceutical ink which contains shellac, ferrosoferric oxide and propylene glycol.

Metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets USP, 500 mg and 1,000 mg: FDA approved dissolution test specifications differ from USP.
The present invention provides a composition for active immunisation. The composition comprises an immunogen, being human GIP (SEQ ID NO: 1), or an analogue thereof, coupled by a crosslinker to an antigenicity-conferring carrier protein material; and an immunologically acceptable vehicle. The analogue of human GIP comprises at least 12 amino acid residues from the N-terminal end of SEQ ID NO: 1 and optionally comprises one or more amino acid substitutions or modifications selected from the group consisting of: an amino acid substitution or modification at position 1, an amino acid substitution or modification at position 2, and an amino acid substitution or modification at position 3. Alternatively, the analogue of human GIP comprises SEQ ID NO: 1 and further comprises one or more amino acid substitutions or modifications selected from the group consisting of: an amino acid substitution or modification at position 1, an amino acid substitution or modification at position 2, and an amino acid substitution or modification at position 3. The invention also provides a method of alleviating or treating diabesity and / or insulin resistance and / or a method of moderating blood glucose excursions. The methods comprise administering the above-mentioned composition to a host animal at regular intervals.
These women will continue regular daily activities. Activity will be monitored periodically with questionnaires and accelerometry. This will occur at baseline (16-20 weeks), mid-intervention (24-26 weeks) and at the end (34-36 weeks).
Participants will take intravenous blinatumomab after allo-HSCT. The dose of one course was as follows: day 1-2: 8ug/day, continuous intravenous drip for 24 hours, day 3-7: 16ug/day, continuous intravenous drip for 24 hours. Treatment with blinatumomab was initiated within 60 to 90 days after transplantation and was administered bimonthly until 1 year after transplantation. Dexamethasone 20mg was administered 1 hour before administration on days 1 and 3 to prevent adverse events.
Colored 5-aminolevulinic acid crystals useful for photodynamic therapy are disclosed. Preferably the colored 5-aminolevulinic acid crystals have the color imparted by irradiation of the crystals, such as gamma radiation. The colored ALA crystals are preferably pharmaceutically pure and sterile and can be contained in a sealed sterile container. Also disclosed is sterile aqueous ALA solution which includes the colored ALA crystals contained in water. Also disclosed is a method for preparing colored ALA crystals which includes exposing non-irradiated ALA crystals to a radiation source at a dose sufficient impart a color which is different than any color present in the non-irradiated crystals. Preferably the irradiation is sufficient to sterilize the ALA crystals. The sterile colored ALA crystals can be used in a kit for internal or external treatment and/or detection of a condition in a mammal, which includes the sterile, colored ALA crystals and sterile diluent, and in the case of internal treatment and/or detection optionally a catheter for administration of the ALA.
A system for generating a sustenance plan for managing genetic disorders is disclosed. The system includes a computing device. The computing device is configured to receive an input which may include genetics test data. The computing device is configured to identify a plurality of biological indices of a disease state as a function of the genetics test data. The plurality of biological indices comprises at least one biological index related to a genetic disease state. The computing device is configured to generate a genetic disorder classifier. The computing device is configured to generate a sustenance plan as a function of the positive result. A method for generating a sustenance plan for managing genetic disorders is disclosed.
The present application describes a ceddna vector with a linear continuous structure for delivery and expression of transgenes. The ceDNA vector contains an expression cassette flanked by two ITR sequences, wherein the expression cassette encodes a transgene that encodes a FVIII protein. Some ceddna vectors further comprise cis-regulatory elements, including regulatory switches. Further provided herein are methods and cell lines for reliable in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo gene expression of FVIII proteins using the ceda vectors. Provided herein are methods and compositions comprising a ceddna vector useful for expressing a FVIII protein in a cell, tissue, or subject, and methods of treating a disease with the ceddna vector expressing a FVIII protein. Such FVIII proteins can be expressed for treatment of diseases, such as hemophilia a.
The efficacy of rosuvastatin in reducing allergic inflammation has been established. However, its potential to reduce airway remodeling has yet to be explored. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of rosuvastatin in reducing airway inflammation and remodeling in a mouse model of chronic allergic asthma induced by sensitization and challenge with OVA. Histology of the lung tissue and the number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) showed a marked decrease in airway inflammation and remodeling in mice treated with rosuvastatin, as evidenced by a decrease in goblet cell hyperplasia, collagen deposition, and smooth muscle hypertrophy. Furthermore, levels of inflammatory cytokines, angiogenesis-related factors, and OVA-specific IgE in BALF, plasma, and serum were all reduced upon treatment with rosuvastatin. Western blotting was employed to detect AMPK expression, while immunohistochemistry staining was used to observe the expression of remodeling signaling proteins such as α-SMA, TGF-β, MMP-9, and p-AMPKα in the lungs. It was found that the activity of 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα) was significantly lower in the lungs of OVA-induced asthmatic mice compared to Control mice. However, the administration of rosuvastatin increased the ratio of phosphorylated AMPK to total AMPKα, thus inhibiting the formation of new blood vessels, as indicated by CD31-positive staining mainly in the sub-epithelial region. These results indicate that rosuvastatin can effectively reduce airway inflammation and remodeling in mice with chronic allergic asthma caused by OVA, likely due to the reactivation of AMPKα and a decrease in angiogenesis.
1. Technical Result 57 Increase in efficiency for the treatment of thrombosis disorders 2. Essence A compound of general formula wherein M, A, X, R5, R10 and n are presented in the description.            Pharmaceutical composition in the form of active ingredient comprising said compound and pharmaceutical acceptable carrier.             3. Field of Application Organic chemistry, medicine Table:   1
BACKGROUND: Gastroparesis can be a debilitating disease process for which durable treatment options are lacking. While dietary changes and pharmacotherapy have some efficacy, symptoms frequently recur and some patients progress to needing supplemental enteral feeding access. Per oral pyloromyotomy (POP) has been shown to be a durable minimally invasive treatment option for refractory gastroparesis with a low side effect profile, and therefore has been performed at this institution for the past 6 years.
METHODS: This was a retrospective case series of all patients who underwent a POP at a single institution over a 6-year period (2018-2023). Patient demographics, preoperative symptomatology and subsequent workup, postoperative complications, and symptom recurrence were collected and analyzed.
RESULTS: There were 56 patients included in the study. There was a 1.8:1 female:male ratio. The average patient age was 56 years old (range 23-85). The average duration of symptoms was 1-3 years. Thirty-eight percent of patients had undergone previous endoscopic therapy for gastroparesis (pyloric botox injection or pyloric dilation) and 16% of patients underwent multiple endoscopic therapies. Twenty-nine percent of patients were on a medication for gastroparesis. Past surgery was the most common gastroparesis etiology for POP (50% of patients). Diabetes (23%) and idiopathic (19%) were the other most common gastroparesis etiologies for POP. Nausea was the most common symptom at first follow-up (30%) but these patients continued to improve with 14% of patients continuing to endorse nausea at 6 months. Twenty-seven percent of patients developed symptom recurrence. Forty percent of patients with symptom recurrence underwent a repeat endoscopic or surgical therapy.
CONCLUSIONS: In this present study, POP leads to durable results in approximately 75% of patients with minimal complications. Furthermore, the majority of patients who do develop symptom recurrence do not require additional gastroparesis interventions.
The Health Enhancement Program is a chronic pain-specific program adapted for the specific needs of patients with knee osteoarthritis. It is an 6-week group mind body program that will be delivered via secure telehealth. To control for in between session practice, participants will receive an mp3 recording and informational handout to complete after each session.
The present invention generally relates to compositions and methods for treatment of various inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory dermatoses and other conditions, e.g., using nitric oxide. Examples of such dermatoses include psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and contact dermatitis. The nitric oxide may be present within a first phase comprising a lecithin, such as phosphatidylcholine. In certain embodiments, the lecithin is present in liposomes, micelles, or other vesicles containing nitric oxide. The composition can take the form of a gel, a cream, a lotion, an ointment, a solution, a solid “stick,” etc., that can be rubbed or sprayed onto the skin, e.g., onto an inflammation site, or other suitable portion of the skin. Other aspects of the present invention are generally directed to methods of making or using such compositions, methods of promoting such compositions, kits including such compositions, or the like.
Studies on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have highlighted the crucial role of host proteases for viral replication and the immune response. The serine proteases furin and TMPRSS2 and lysosomal cysteine proteases facilitate viral entry by limited proteolytic processing of the spike (S) protein. While neutrophils are recruited to the lungs during COVID-19 pneumonia, little is known about the role of the neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs) cathepsin G (CatG), elastase (NE), and proteinase 3 (PR3) on SARS-CoV-2 entry and replication. Furthermore, the current paradigm is that NSPs may contribute to the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19. Here, we show that these proteases cleaved the S protein at multiple sites and abrogated viral entry and replication in vitro. In mouse models, CatG significantly inhibited viral replication in the lung. Importantly, lung inflammation and pathology were increased in mice deficient in NE and/or CatG. These results reveal that NSPs contribute to innate defenses against SARS-CoV-2 infection via proteolytic inactivation of the S protein and that NE and CatG limit lung inflammation in vivo. We conclude that therapeutic interventions aiming to reduce the activity of NSPs may interfere with viral clearance and inflammation in COVID-19 patients.
HCV GT2 - GT6 participants will receive uprifosbuvir (50 mg - 300 mg) capsules QD for 7 days. Dosing will commence following review of available safety and PK data from Group A. Fed vs. fasted dosing will be dependent on food effect results from Group A.
This state-of-the-art review explores the emerging field of regenerative hydrogels and their profound impact on the treatment of skin wounds. Regenerative hydrogels, composed mainly of water-absorbing polymers, have garnered attention in wound healing, particularly for skin wounds. Their unique properties make them well suited for tissue regeneration. Notable benefits include excellent water retention, creating a crucially moist wound environment for optimal healing, and facilitating cell migration, and proliferation. Biocompatibility is a key feature, minimizing adverse reactions and promoting the natural healing process. Acting as a supportive scaffold for cell growth, hydrogels mimic the extracellular matrix, aiding the attachment and proliferation of cells like fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Engineered for controlled drug release, hydrogels enhance wound healing by promoting angiogenesis, reducing inflammation, and preventing infection. The demonstrated acceleration of the wound healing process, particularly beneficial for chronic or impaired healing wounds, adds to their appeal. Easy application and conformity to various wound shapes make hydrogels practical, including in irregular or challenging areas. Scar minimization through tissue regeneration is crucial, especially in cosmetic and functional regions. Hydrogels contribute to pain management by creating a protective barrier, reducing friction, and fostering a soothing environment. Some hydrogels, with inherent antimicrobial properties, aid in infection prevention, which is a crucial aspect of successful wound healing. Their flexibility and ability to conform to wound contours ensure optimal tissue contact, enhancing overall treatment effectiveness. In summary, regenerative hydrogels present a promising approach for improving skin wound healing outcomes across diverse clinical scenarios. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the benefits, mechanisms, and challenges associated with the use of regenerative hydrogels in the treatment of skin wounds. In this review, the authors likely delve into the application of rational design principles to enhance the efficacy and performance of hydrogels in promoting wound healing. Through an exploration of various methodologies and approaches, this paper is poised to highlight how these principles have been instrumental in refining the design of hydrogels, potentially revolutionizing their therapeutic potential in addressing skin wounds. By synthesizing current knowledge and highlighting potential avenues for future research, this review aims to contribute to the advancement of regenerative medicine and ultimately improve clinical outcomes for patients with skin wounds.
PURPOSE: A composition containing cocoa extract is provided to enhance erection and to prevent or treat impotency. CONSTITUTION: A composition for preventing or treating impotency contains cocoa extract as an active ingredient. The extract is prepared using water, low carbon number alcohol of 1-4 carbon atoms or mixture solvent thereof. The extract includes an ethyl acetate fraction, methanol fraction, or hydrochloric acid fraction. The concentration of the extract is 1X10^-5 g/ml to 1X10^-3 g/ml. The composition is a pharmaceutical, food, or quasi-drug.
This study was a Phase 1b, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial using multiple ascending doses of intravenous artensunate (AS) to determine it's safety, tolerability, and PK in healthy subjects. Subjects were screened within 21 days of dosing. At the screening visit, subject underwent baseline assessments: vital signs were recorded; a physical examination, urinalysis, urine drug screen, and urine pregnancy test were performed; a complete blood cell count (CBC) with differential and indices, reticulocyte count, coagulation markers, and blood chemistry assessments were performed and medical and medication history was collected. Eligible subjects were scheduled for a 6-hour pre-dose electrocardiogram (ECG) and vital sign assessment with measurements taken at approx. the same times as Day 1 (dosing day). On Day 0, subjects were admitted to the clinical pharmacology unit to begin the inpatient phase of the study. Subjects had a brief physical examination and all procedures for the inpatient stay were reviewed. On Day 1, pre-dose vital signs and ECG were performed. Subjects then received study drug or placebo by IV bolus infusion. Subjects were closely monitored by evaluating hemodynamic measurements, periodic ECGs, and assessment of spontaneously reported AEs. Blood was drawn for blood count and chemistry analysis 6h and 24h after each dose. PK blood samples were drawn pre-dose and approx. 5min, 20min, 40min, 1h, 2h, 4h, 6h, and 24h after each dose. On Days 2 and 3 subjects received their second and third doses, respectively, of study drug or placebo with the same monitoring and laboratory measurements as for the first dose. Subjects were discharged 24 hours after the 3rd dose of drug or placebo and were followed as outpatients on Days 7, 10, and 15.
Subjects in this group will not be trained with the P-TIPS method. They will receive a 2-hour seminar on the management of preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain and otherwise will provide standard care to patients.
PURPOSE:To obtain an antitumor serum or plasma exhibiting antitumor activity similar to a lipopolysaccharide at a low dose, and having high safety, by contacting fresh serum or plasma with an insoluble carrier bonded with a lipopolysaccharide originated from the cell wall of a Gram-negative bacteria, and concentrating the product. CONSTITUTION:Fresh serum or plasma is made to contact with an insoluble carrier bonded with a lipopolysaccharide originated from the cell wall of Gram- negative bacteria (abbreviated as lipopolysaccharide), preferably at 25-45 deg.C for 10-180min, and the product is concentrated to obtain the objective antitumor serum or plasma. The concentration is carried out under pressure or atmospheric pressure using a semipermeable membrane having a fractionation molecular weight of 54-20,000. The insoluble carrier bonded with the lipopolysaccharide is preferably the one containing a vinyl polymer as the stem polymer. The obtained agent has comparable antitumor effect to the lipopolysaccharide but does not exhibit lethal effect. Higher antitumor effect can be achieved at a low dose by the concentration procedure.
Excessive adiposity in obesity is a significant risk factor for development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and other cardiometabolic diseases. An unhealthy expansion of adipose tissue (AT) results in reduced adipogenesis, increased adipocyte hypertrophy, adipocyte hypoxia, chronic low-grade inflammation, increased macrophage infiltration, and insulin resistance. This ultimately culminates in AT dysfunction characterized by decreased secretion of antidiabetic adipokines such as adiponectin and adipsin and increased secretion of proinflammatory prodiabetic adipokines including RBP4 and resistin. This imbalance in adipokine secretion alters the physiological state of AT communication with target organs including pancreatic β-cells, heart, and liver. In the pancreatic β-cells, adipokines are known to have a direct effect on insulin secretion, gene expression, cell death, and/or dedifferentiation. For instance, impaired secretion of adipsin, which promotes insulin secretion and β-cell identity, results in β-cell failure and T2D, thus presenting a potential druggable target to improve and/or preserve β-cell function. The cardiac tissue is affected by both the classic white AT-secreted adipokines and the newly recognized brown AT (BAT)-secreted BATokines or lipokines that alter lipid deposition and ventricular function. In the liver, adipokines affect hepatic gluconeogenesis, lipid accumulation, and insulin sensitivity, underscoring the importance of adipose-liver communication in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In this perspective, we outline what is currently known about the effects of individual adipokines on pancreatic β-cells, liver, and the heart.
Metabolism studies with FORTAMET® have not been conducted. Intravenous single-dose studies in normal subjects demonstrate that metformin is excreted unchanged in the urine and does not undergo hepatic metabolism (no metabolites have been identified in humans) nor biliary excretion.

In healthy nondiabetic adults (N=18) receiving 2500 mg q.d. FORTAMET®, the percent of the metformin dose excreted in urine over 24 hours was 40.9% and the renal clearance was 542 ± 310 mL/min. After repeated administration of FORTAMET®, there is little or no accumulation of metformin in plasma, with most of the drug being eliminated via renal excretion over a 24-hour dosing interval. The t1/2 was 5.4 hours for FORTAMET®.

Renal clearance of metformin (Table 2) is approximately 3.5 times greater than creatinine clearance, which indicates that tubular secretion is the major route of metformin elimination. Following oral administration, approximately 90% of the absorbed drug is eliminated via the renal route within the first 24 hours, with a plasma elimination half-life of approximately 6.2 hours. In blood, the elimination half-life is approximately 17.6 hours, suggesting that the erythrocyte mass may be a compartment of distribution.
INTRODUCTION: Molecular profiling has become essential in the management of patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the practices of French genetics platforms in the management of BTCs.
METHODS: A survey was developed by a multidisciplinary group and distributed to each of the 28 French genetics platforms over a one-month period.
RESULTS: Twenty-one platforms answered the survey (75%). A majority (62%) had performed more than 50 analyses for BTCs over the last two years, with an average turnaround time for results evaluated between 11 and 15 days for 62% of them. Three quarters (76%) of the platforms performed both DNA and RNA analysis, while a quarter (24%) performed RNA analysis only. A commercial panel was used by 50% of platforms for DNA analysis, and 80% for RNA. Panels included between 10 and 50 genes for 76% of platforms. All responding platforms systematically tested for IDH1 mutations, FGFR2 fusions and BRAF mutations. A majority systematically tested for HER2 amplification, MSI status and TP53 mutation (88%, 81% and 69% respectively).
DISCUSSION: This national survey of French genetics platforms shows good performance and compliance with recommendations for molecular analysis. However, many medical, financial and organizational obstacles remain upstream of these platforms.