anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This group will consist of at least 50 people who are on a regular infusing cycle of 28-31 days. These participants will be consented at Week 0 (Baseline) and asked to come back each week during their regular cycle at Week 1, Week 2, and Week 3, for a total of 4 study visits. Natalizumab concentration and other biomarkers will be measured during their participation in the study.
Inflammation is a significant pathological manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet its mechanism has remained unclear. Although WNT2B is enriched in the intestinal inflammatory tissue of IBD patients, the specific mechanism of WNT2B in the formation of intestinal inflammation remains unclear. This study was aimed to investigate whether macrophages expressing WNT2B can aggravate intestinal tissue inflammation. Samples were collected from both normal individuals and patients with IBD at multiple colon sites. Macrophages were identified using tissue immunofluorescence. IκB kinase (IKK)-interacting protein (IKIP), which interacts with WNT2B, was found by protein cross-linking and protein mass spectrometry. The expression of WNT2B, IKIP, the NF-κB pathway, and downstream molecules were analyzed. An acute colitis model of C57BL/6J mice was established using an adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated WNT2B knockdown system and 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The degree of intestinal inflammation in mice was assessed upon WNT2B knockdown in macrophages. Macrophages expressing WNT2B were found to be enriched in the colitis tissues of IBD patients. WNT2B in macrophages activated the NF-κB pathway and enhanced the expression of downstream inflammatory cytokines. By competitively binding IKIP, WNT2B reduced the binding of IKIP to IKKβ and promoted the activation of the NF-κB pathway. Using an AAV-mediated WNT2B knockdown system, WNT2B expression in intestinal macrophages was suppressed, leading to a reduction in intestinal inflammation. WNT2B activated the NF-κB pathway and enhanced the expression of downstream inflammatory cytokines by competitively binding to IKIP, potentially contributing to colon inflammatory injury in IBD.
BACKGROUND: Chronic systemic inflammation is linked to cognitive decline pathogenesis. This study investigates the association between systemic inflammation markers and cognitive decline progression in a clinical cohort.
METHODS: This prospective observational cohort study enrolled 295 participants. Cognitive decline progression was defined by an increase in clinical dementia rating (CDR) scores. The study examines the correlation between systemic inflammation markers, including systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI), systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), prognostic Inflammatory and Nutritional Index (PIV), and cognitive impairment progression.
RESULTS: The presence of the APOE 4 allele and diabetes mellitus was associated with elevated PIV levels (P < 0.05). Additionally, AD patients had the highest SII levels, indicating increased inflammation compared to individuals with MCI and SCD (P < 0.05). After a mean follow-up of 17 months, 117 patients (51.31%) experienced cognitive decline progression. AD diagnosis, CDR, and SII were significant predictors of cognitive decline progression (All P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: This study highlights the clinical significance of elevated systemic inflammation markers in identifying individuals at risk of cognitive decline. Addressing inflammation may offer a promising approach to improving cognitive health and mitigating age-related cognitive decline.
OBJECTIVES: Previous studies generally used cross-sectional data and focused on under-five children to assess the risk factors for malnutrition among Indian children. Some recent studies have reported that recovery from or faltering in malnutrition is possible after five years of age, but socio-demographic subgroup disparities have not been explored. This study aims to find the longitudinal disparity in height-for-age Z-scores (HAZ) and body-mass-index-for-age Z-scores (BMIAZ scores) across various sub-groups of a cohort from childhood to adolescence.
METHODS: This study used a cohort from the Young Lives Survey, which followed children aged of 1-15 years between 2002 and 2016-17 in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, India. Mixed-effect models were applied to find the main, time, and interaction effects of HAZ scores and BMIAZ scores. In addition, an extended Kitagawa-Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition approach to assess group-based differences over time was used.
RESULTS: The cross-sectional prevalence of stunting reduced across all subgroups, while thinness rose during the same period. The interactions of child sex, mother's education, place of residence, wealth index, and antenatal care with time were statistically significant at p <0.05. The gender disparity in adjusted HAZ score  decreased from 0.214 units at 1 year to 0.011 units at 15 years, whereas BMIAZ score differential increased from 0.106 to 0.538 units over same timeframe. Disparities in scores were also observed across rural-urban, maternal education, social group, religion, socioeconomic status, maternal age at birth, antenatal care, and premature birth status.
CONCLUSION: The study sheds light on the nuanced dynamics of paediatric growth, emphasising the importance of longitudinal approaches in understanding and addressing the health disparities across different stages of childhood and adolescence.
The invention provides Qihuang granules used for treating coronary heart disease and hypertension. The granules are composed of 16 traditional Chinese medicines which are Mongolian milkvetch root, Szechwan lovage rhizome, Chinese taxillus herb, achyranthes bidentata, tree peony root-bark, golden thread, tall gastrodia rhizome, spine date seed, prepared rehmannia, creeping liriope, raw oyster, stir-fried ovate atractylodes root, pilose asiabell root, ligusticum, prepared pinellia, and cassia bark with a weight ratio of 11.67:5.84:5.84:3.89:3.89:2.33:3.89:84:11.67:5.84:11.67:3.89:11.67:5.84:3.89:2.34. The medicine has good qi-benefiting, yin-nourishing, blood-circulation-activating, phlegm-dissipating, liver-soothing, wind-evil-dispelling, and tranquilizing functions. With the medicine, a coronary heart disease angina pectoris treatment total effective rate is 94%, and a blood pressure reduction total effective rate is 77%. The granules have good lipid regulation and insulin resistance amelioration effects. The medicine is suitable for middle-aged and senior patients. The medicine has no toxic or side effect.
FIELD: molecular biology, medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to new chimeric and humanized antibodies showing specificity to human CD40 that block interaction between gp39 and CD40. Proposed antibodies raised for CD40 are effective in modulating humoral immune response to antigens depending on T-cells in case of collagen-induced arthritis, in prevention for rejection of skin transplants. Indicated antibodies can be useful owing to their anti-inflammatory properties in pharmaceutical composition and method for treatment of disease mediated by T-cells. EFFECT: valuable biological and medicinal properties of antibody, enhanced effectiveness of treatment. 27 cl, 4 tbl, 33 dwg, 5 ex
OBJECTIVES: Gain insights into the pathophysiology of idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) by investigating differences in transcriptome of subglottic mucosal tissue between patients with iSGS and controls, and between tracheal and subglottic tissue within patients.
METHODS: RNA sequencing was conducted on biopsied mucosal samples collected from subglottic and tracheal (in-patient control) regions in iSGS patients, and from subglottis in controls. The gene expression differences were validated on a protein level by (1) staining the tissue samples obtained from a second cohort of patients and controls; and (2) in vitro functional assays using primary subglottic epithelial cells from both iSGS patients and healthy donors.
RESULTS: We found 7 upregulated genes in the subglottic region of iSGS patients relative to both the tracheal mucosa and subglottic region of controls. A gene ontology enrichment analysis found that the epithelial cell differentiation and cornification pathways are significant, involving specifically 3 of the genes: involucrin (IVL), small proline rich protein 1B (SPRR1B), and keratin 16 (KRT16). Involvement of these pathways suggests squamous metaplasia of the epithelium. Histological analyses of epithelium in subglottic mucosal biopsies revealed squamous metaplasia in 41% of the samples from iSGS patients and in 25% from controls. Immunohistochemical evaluation of the samples presented with squamous epithelium revealed increased expression of the protein encoded by SPRR1B, hyperproliferative basal cells, shedding of apical layers, and accompanying lesions in iSGS compared to CTRL. Cultured primary subglottic epithelial cells from iSGS patients had higher proliferation rates compared to healthy donors and squamous metaplastic differentiation formed thinner epithelia with increased expression proteins encoded by INV, SPRR1B, and KRT16, suggesting intrinsic dysfunction of basal cells in iSGS.
CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal squamous differentiation of epithelial cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of iSGS. Patients having metaplastic epithelial phenotype may be sensitive to drugs that reverse it to a normal phenotype.
Anthocyanin-rich edible berries protect against diet-induced obesity in animal models. Prevention is mediated through the bidirectional relationship with the fecal microbiome, and gut-derived phenolic metabolite absorption increases with physical activity, which may influence bioactivity. The objective of this study was to test elderberry juice powder on the development of diet-induced obesity and its influence on the fecal microbiome alone or in combination with physical activity. Male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to one of four treatments, including (1) high-fat diet without wheel access; (2) high-fat diet with unlimited wheel access; (3) high-fat diet supplemented with 10% elderberry juice powder without wheel access; and (4) high-fat diet supplemented with 10% elderberry juice powder with unlimited wheel access. Body weight gain, fat pads, and whole-body fat content in mice fed elderberry juice were significantly less than in mice fed the control diet independent of wheel access. At the end of the study, active mice fed elderberry juice ate significantly more than active mice fed a control diet. There was no difference in the physical activity between active groups. Elderberry juice increasedBifidobacterium, promotedAkkermansia and Anaeroplasma, and prevented the growth of Desulfovibrio. Elderberry juice is a potent inhibitor of diet-induced obesity with action mediated by the gut microbiota.
Participants will undergo a bone marrow aspirate procedure. Participants will receive a single combined intra-articular and subchondral injection of NGRM-001 on treatment day.
Part I (SAD); In the SAD part of the study, single oral doses of GS-248 will be administered in 6 sequential cohorts, each consisting of 8 subjects randomised to receive either GS 248 or placebo in a 3:1 ratio. The first 2 subjects in each cohort will be dosed in a sentinel fashion; 1 subject will receive GS-248 and the other will receive placebo as randomised. The subjects will be carefully monitored by clinical staff during and after dosing. Vital signs, safety laboratory and ECG will be checked at regular intervals.

Part II (MAD); The MAD part of the study will explore multiple ascending dosing of GS-248 administered for 10 days. The proposed starting dose is 25 mg/day. However, the starting dose as well as subsequent dose levels may be adjusted based on safety and PK evaluation in previous cohorts. GS-248 will be administered in 4 sequential cohorts, each of 8 subjects randomised to receive either GS 248 or placebo in a 3:1 ratio. The subjects will be carefully monitored by clinical staff during and after dosing. Vital signs, safety laboratory and ECG will be checked at regular intervals.
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated whether serum uric acid levels are more elevated in the aspirin-ticagrelor group than in the aspirin-clopidogrel group. Materials and Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study with patients between 2013 and 2020. Baseline and maximum serum uric acid levels within a 6-month follow-up period were analyzed to determine the increase in both groups.
RESULTS: A total of 41,877 patients were enrolled. A statistically significant elevation of serum uric acid levels was found in the aspirin-ticagrelor group compared to the aspirin-clopidogrel group (odds ratio (OR; 95% confidence interval (CI)) = 1.36 (1.15 - 1.60), p < 0.001). Kidney dysfunction and diuretic use were also identified as risk factors for uric acid elevation.
CONCLUSION: Monitoring serum uric acid levels is recommended during aspirin-ticagrelor therapy, especially in patients with kidney dysfunction or those using diuretics.
INTRODUCTION: Over recent years, a growing number of studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of alternative models to centre-based pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) such as tele-PR or home-based unsupervised PR, offering perspectives for improved accessibility and adherence. Other studies have demonstrated the relevance and long-term benefits of maintenance PR programs. However, they remain poorly implemented in real-life settings. In order to encourage patient adherence to new PR models and to guide future orientations, we conducted a survey assessing patients' views on PR models and maintenance programs.
METHOD: The survey (37 questions) was circulated to COPD patients of the French national respiratory patient F.F.A.A.I.R network and in five specialised PR centres.
RESULTS: Among the 298 respondents, 75% had previously taken part in a PR program, mainly in hospital settings (91%), with a high degree of satisfaction. The main barriers to PR were being physically separated from their loved ones (21%) and fears of having to share a double room (47%). Regarding maintenance PR programs, patients expressed diversified opinions, in terms of ideal duration and frequency of follow-up, format of follow-up (home-based, telephone, videoconference) and type of professional involved.
CONCLUSIONS: Diversified PR settings offer perspectives to increase access and improve the effectiveness of current programs. Furthermore, comprehensive personalization (professionals involved, content, setting, duration) seems to be the key to success in concrete implementation and achievement of patient satisfaction.
BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic intestinal failure (CIF) are at increased risk of developing renal impairment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients dependent on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) and assess risk factors for renal impairment, including patients with all mechanisms of CIF.
METHODS: This was a cohort study of patients initiated on HPN between March 1, 2015, and March 1, 2020, at a national UK IF Reference Centre. Patients were followed from their first discharge with HPN until HPN cessation or the end of follow-up on December 31, 2021.
RESULTS: There were 357 patients included in the analysis. Median follow-up time was 4.7 years. At baseline, >40% of patients had renal impairment, with 15.4% fulfilling the criteria for CKD. Mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decreased significantly during the first year after initiation of HPN from 93.32 ml/min/1.73 m2 to 86.30 ml/min/1.73 m2 at the first year of follow-up (P = 0.002), with sequential stabilization of renal function. Increased age at HPN initiation and renal impairment at baseline were associated with decreased eGFR. By the end of follow-up, 6.7% patients developed renal calculi and 26.1% fulfilled the criteria for CKD.
CONCLUSION: This is the largest study of renal function in patients receiving long-term HPN. After the first year following HPN initiation, the rate of decline in eGFR was similar to that expected in the general population. These findings should reassure patients and clinicians that close monitoring of renal function can lead to good outcomes.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in Taiwan and world wild. Although there were progresses in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer, the incidence and mortality rate of lung cancer increased in recent years. In many cases, lung cancer is not diagnosed and treated until cancer cells have already invaded surrounding tissues and metastasized throughout the body. Only 15% of lung cancer patients were operable at presentation and about half of them had long term survival. The remaining almost died of metastatic disease. Detecting lung cancers when they are at their earliest stages, and identify cancers with metastatic potential will have a higher probability of truly curing the disease. Molecules that are expressed uniquely or at high level by tumor cells in comparison to normal tissues and that may be secreted into accessible fluids such as blood, urine, or sputum may be useful as lung cancer biomarkers. By using tools in SAGE Genie of Cancer Genome Anatomy Project (CGAP), we identified a secreted protein, SERPIN D1, as an overexpressed gene in non-small cell lung cancer as compared with normal lung and any other normal tissue. In an established panel of human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines with different invasive activities (CL1-0 cells and its sublines CL1-1, and CL1-5, in ascending order of activity), we detected that the expression of SERPIN D1 was higher in CL1-5 than in CL1-0 and CL1-1. According to our preliminary results, we hypothesize that SERPIN D1 may play a role in lung cancer invasion and metastasis and may serve as a serum biomarker for prognosis stratification. For this study, we are going to evaluate the potential correlation between SERPIN D1 expression in clinical specimen (including surgical specimen and blood sample) and lung cancer metastasis.
During the late luteal phase of a female participant's menstrual cycle, participants will complete a lab session where alcohol is administered intravenously. The infusion will include a 30-minute linear ascension from 0mg% breath alcohol content (BrAC) to 100mg%, followed by a 60-minute 'clamping' of BrAC at 100mg%. Subjects will then be monitored while they sleep, using polysomnography. Male subjects will complete this and the placebo session at intervals that are matched to the female subjects. The placebo and alcohol sessions during late luteal phase will take place 1-2 days apart, and their order will be randomized.
Methemoglobinemia:

Cases of methemoglobinemia have been reported in association with local anesthetic use. Although all patients are at risk for methemoglobinemia, patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, congenital or idiopathic methemoglobinemia, cardiac or pulmonary compromise, infants under 6 months of age, and concurrent exposure to oxidizing agents or their metabolites are more susceptible to developing clinical manifestations of the condition. If local anesthetics must be used in these patients, close monitoring for symptoms and signs of methemoglobinemia is recommended.Signs of methemoglobinemia may occur immediately or may be delayed some hours after exposure, and are characterized by a cyanotic skin discoloration and/or abnormal coloration of the blood. Methemoglobin levels may continue to rise; therefore, immediate treatment is required to avert more serious central nervous system and cardiovascular adverse effects, including seizures, coma, arrhythmias, and death. Discontinue Sensorcaine and any other oxidizing agents. Depending on the severity of the signs and symptoms, patients may respond to supportive care, i.e., oxygen therapy, hydration. A more severe clinical presentation may require treatment with methylene blue, exchange transfusion, or hyperbaric oxygen.Sensorcaine with epinephrine 1:200,000 contains sodium metabisulfite, a sulfite that may cause allergic- type reactions including anaphylactic symptoms and life-threatening or less severe asthmatic episodes in certain susceptible people. The overall prevalence of sulfite sensitivity in the general population is unknown and probably low. Sulfite sensitivity is seen more frequently in asthmatic than in nonasthmatic people. Sensorcaine and Sensorcaine - MPF without epinephrine single dose vials do not contain sodium metabisulfite.
PCT No. PCT/US93/12161 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 7, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 7, 1995 PCT Filed Dec. 14, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/13303 PCT Pub. Date Jun. 23, 1994A method and pharmaceutical preparation are provided for diagnosing and treating pathological conditions related to a dopamine receptor abnormality. The method comprises administering to a patient having such a pathological condition an oligonucleotide antisense to one or more RNA molecules encoding one of the several dopamine receptors. The antisense oligonucleotides bind specifically to expression-controlling sequences of such RNA molecules, thereby selectively controlling expression of one or more dopamine receptor subtypes, and alleviating the pathological conditions related to their expression.
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a hormone produced in the intestine. It is released immediately after meal ingestion and increases insulin release. This, in turn, helps reduce blood glucose levels. This circuit does not work properly in humans with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

We have previously shown that a peptide called xenin-25 can amplify the effects of GIP on insulin secretion in humans. However, xenin-25 no longer does this when humans develop T2DM. Thus, it is important to understand how xenin-25 works in humans without T2DM so we know why it does not work in humans with T2DM.

Acetylcholine is molecule produced by specific types of nerves. The effects of acetylcholine can be blocked by a drug called atropine. We have previously shown in mice that atropine prevents the ability of xenin-25 to increase the effects of GIP on insulin release. The purpose of this clinical trial is to determine if atropine also blocks the effects of xenin-25 in humans without T2DM. If it does, then impaired acetylcholine signaling may be one of the reasons humans develop T2DM and it may be possible to develop drugs that bypass this defect and increase insulin release in humans with T2DM.

To conduct this study, we will enroll humans with pre-diabetes since they respond very well to xenin-25. Potential subjects will first be checked to see if they do have pre-diabetes and also to verify that they can safely participate in the study. Once enrolled, subjects will come for 8 different visits, each separated by about 3 weeks. On each visit, the subject will be given an intravenous infusion of glucose such that blood glucose levels slowly increase over a 4 hour period. On separate occasions, the participant will also receive an infusion GIP alone, xenin-25 alone, GIP plus xenin-25, or placebo. Each of these 4 infusions will be conducted with and without an infusion of atropine (thus- the 8 visits). Blood glucose and insulin levels, as well as a host of other hormones, will be measured during each of the study visits. A comparison of the results will tell us if the effects of xenin-25 on insulin release are mediated by acetylcholine in humans.