anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Compositions  and  methods  of  manufacture  for producing a medicament composition capable of absorption through the mucosal tissues of the mouth,  pharynx,  and esophagus.     The  present  invention  relates  to  such compositions and methods which are useful in administering drugs in a dose-to-effect manner such that sufficient drug is administered to produce precisely a desired effect.  The invention also relates to a manufacturing technique that enables a therapeutic agent or drug to be incorporated into a flavored confectionary base and to compress or otherwise attach the solid confectionary mixture onto an appliance or holder. Employing the present invention the drug may be introduced into the patient's bloodstream almost as fast as through injection,  and much faster than using the oral administration route, while avoiding the negative aspects of both of these methods.  The present invention achieves these  advantages by  incorporating  the  drug  into  a compressed powder "candy" matrix.  The pH and pKa of the powder matrix can be modified to increase the absorption of the drug through the mucosal tissues.
Postprandial lipemia has been recognized as a cardiovascular disease risk factor. The rate of postprandial triglyceride production and clearance in the blood, as well as the appetite, are influenced by the quality of the food consumed, such as the length of saturated fatty acids. The study will include 24 healthy adults ranging in age from 18 to 40 years old, of both sexes and it will be conducted at the University of Jordan. The study will involve two experimental test days, each separated by at least a week of washout interval, and each test day will last for 6 hours. All subjects will be randomly assigned to one of the experimental meals using computer-generated tables. Blood serum samples (2 mL) will be taken after an overnight fast and 2, 4, and 6 hours after eating the meals, and blood lipid profiles \[total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG)\] will be examined in a private lab. After that, participants will be allowed an ad libitum intake of standard meals. Each meal will be weighed before and after it is consumed, with the amount of food ingested being calculated.
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is the only treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) shown to reduce its long-term adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. However, due to difficult patient-mask interface and discomfort, compliance rate amongst patients with OSA is low, and reported to be only between 20-50%. High flow, humidified, temperature-regulated nasal cannula insufflation (of air or oxygen) is a well-documented and safe treatment in intensive care, paediatrics and respiratory medicine for patients with hypoxaemic respiratory failure. Its use in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnoea, especially in the perioperative setting is not well studied. Our hospital has a ''fast-track'' protocol for OSA patients who require surgery. They are started on CPAP therapy 2 to 5 days prior to surgery and in the immediate post operative period (ie. perioperatively). If these patients are non-compliant to the CPAP mask device, high flow nasal insufflation is a possible alternative treatment. We aim to randomise these patients into 4 groups, receiving conventional CPAP face mask or high flow nasal cannula at 3 flow rates, and study them with respect to incidence and number of documented desaturations. In addition, patient satisfaction, compliance to device and any adverse events will be monitored.
First-generation college students are at risk of serious mental illness. Relative to their peers, they are more likely to work full time, take fewer classes, use public transportation, and engage less with on-campus programs. Further, they report more traumatic stress, lower life satisfaction and less support from parents and peers. These findings are compounded by nationwide estimates of rising mental health issues across college campuses, where nontraditional students with financial hardship and/ or care-giving burdens represent the majority, and counseling services are increasingly under-resourced and overburdened. Moreover, less than 50% of college students are meeting public health guidelines for physical activity participation, a health behavior known to mitigate risk and enhance mental health.

Traditional four-year colleges and universities represent an opportunity to implement evidence-based mental health services, but many campuses are disconnected, low mental health-resource environments lacking well-coordinated programs specifically tailored for first-generation students, particularly cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) or programs guided by CBT principles, in concurrence with physical activity guidance and support. Evidence suggests that multimodal programs consisting of therapy integrating peer-support (in the form of pods), technology, aerobic plus resistance training (TIPSTART) has the potential to increase self-efficacy and self-regulatory strategies, utilization and maintenance of mental health services and behavior change techniques, and ultimately, reduce symptoms of mental illness. In the last decade, digital health interventions (e.g. smartphone apps) have been used with college-age populations to make therapy more accessible and exercise more enjoyable and socially-supported. App-based interventions have been successfully delivered as standalone interventions and have yielded positive effects on mental health outcomes, socio-emotional functioning and health behavior engagement.

The purpose of this randomized controlled clinical trial is to test the feasibility and preliminary efficacy and implementation of TIPSTART, a multi-faceted, mental health and exercise training program involving 5.5 hours of supervised training delivered via assistance of remote technology, a therapist and exercise behavior change specialist, and supported by peer pods (relative to a wait-list control group who will receive usual care) among first-generation college students with symptoms of mental illness. Students will confirm receipt of mental health services in the past two years, and meet cutoff criteria using a standard field screening assessment. It is hypothesized that the 10-week training program initiated at the onset of an academic semester will improve students' symptoms of anxiety and depression. Further, it is also expected that greater physical activity, self-efficacy, and social and academic engagement among participants in the TIPSTART group as compared to the usual care condition. Finally, the potential role of TIPSTART in changes in resilience, self-regulatory functioning and schoolwork-life balance will be explored.
α9-nAChR, a subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, is significantly overexpressed in female breast cancer tumor tissues compared to normal tissues. Previous studies have proposed that specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CHRNA9 (α9-nAChR) gene are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in interaction with smoking. The study conducted a breast cancer risk assessment of the α9-nAChR SNP rs10009228 (NM_017581.4:c.1325A > G) in the Taiwanese female population, including 308 breast cancer patients and 198 healthy controls revealed that individuals with the heterozygous A/G or A/A wild genotype have an increased susceptibility to developing breast cancer in the presence of smoking compared to carriers of the G/G variant genotype. Our investigation confirmed the presence of this missense variation, resulting in an alteration of the amino acid sequence from asparagine (N442) to serine (S442) to facilitate phosphorylation within the α9-nAchR protein. Additionally, overexpression of N442 (A/A) in breast cancer cells significantly enhanced cell survival, migration, and cancer stemness compared to S442 (G/G). Four-line triple-negative breast cancer patient-derived xenograft (TNBC-PDX) models with distinct α9-nAChR rs10009228 SNP genotypes (A/A, A/G, G/G) further demonstrated that chronic nicotine exposure accelerated tumor growth through sustained activation of the α9-nAChR downstream oncogenic AKT/ERK/STAT3 pathway, particularly in individuals with the A/G or A/A genotype. Collectively, our study established the links between genetic variations in α9-nAChR and smoking exposure in promoting breast tumor development. This emphasizes the need to consider gene-environment interactions carefully while developing effective breast cancer prevention and treatment strategies.
Unified Protocol (UP) for Discontinuation is delivered in 14 weekly individual sessions of 45-60 minutes followed by 3 booster sessions scheduled at two, four and eight weeks thereafter. The UP is a cognitive behavioral treatment that focuses on increasing emotional awareness and cognitive flexibility, preventing behavioral and emotional avoidance, and situational and interoceptive emotion-focused exposure. Participants will also receive 7 biweekly medication management sessions over 14 weeks with a study psychiatrist to facilitate gradual taper of SRI medication.
In the past, reconstructions were performed using fat grafts or fascia lata for EEA surgery. Considerably high postoperative CSF leaks were reported and were a major cause of concern due CSF fistula increasing risk of infection. Since external lumbar drain can lower CSF pressure and is believed to prevent post operative CSF leak, it was used commonly after EEA. With improvements in EEA skull base reconstructions using a nasal septal flap in the recent years, postoperative CSF leaks have been reported in much lower rates. With this improvement in reconstruction techniques, the use of lumbar drain may not be necessary as it may not significantly lower the risk of CSF leak further. In this prospective randomized study, we will randomize subjects at high risk for CSF leak to either receive a prophylactic lumbar drain or to not receive a prophylactic lumbar drain and compare the rate of CSF leaks and other complications in the two groups.
A pharmaceutical composition for healing of mucosal tissues comprising from 0.0001 percentage weight for volume (%w/v) to 2 %w/v of an alginic acid or a salt of alginic acid, with a molecular weight between 250,000 and 1,000,000, and not more than 1%w/v of lower molecular weight alginate. The use of such compositions in healing, especially in the gastro-intestinal tract, is disclosed. The use of compositions containing in addition 2-10 %w/v alginate with a molecular weight of between 20,000 and 250,000 is also disclosed. The healing effect may be shown by the promotion of one or more of endocytosis and/or ruffling, a decrease in cell-cell adhesion, an increase in cell motility and a stimulation of epidermal growth factor receptors. A process for preparing such a composition is disclosed. The compositions may be used for treating damage to the gastro-intestinal tract by, for example, reflux of gastric juices, consumption of prostaglandin inhibitors such as aspirin or indomethacin, or mechanical damage. The compositions preferably contain alginates with a high ratio of beta-D-mannuronic acid to alpha-L-guluronic acid (M/G ratio). Preferred examples are the sodium alginate Protanal (RTM) H120L and Poly M.
58 patients with acute LBP and severe disability with an Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) of 60% or higher were randomly allocated and divided into 2 groups. The experimental group was treated with MSAT and the control group was treated with intramuscular injections of diclofenac(NSAID). All administrations were limited to 1 session, and comparisons were made of measurements before and after treatment. Primary outcomes were measured by the NRS(numerical rating scale) of back pain in active movement. Secondary outcomes were measured by the NRS of radiating pain, ODI scores, and the patient's global impression of change(PGIC) etc. Post-treatment follow-up will be performed to measure primary and secondary outcomes with the exception of ROM and SLR at 2, 4, and 24 weeks after treatment.
Embodiments include a liquid colorant composition that is water-based. Certain liquid lip color embodiments include a composition having water and shellac. The composition may also include a neutralizer such as triethanolamine to neutralize the shellac. The composition may also include PPG-17/IPDI/DMPA copolymer. The composition may also include an emulsifier such as acrylates/acrylamide copolymer and mineral oil and polysorbate 85. In addition, the composition may also include a colorant. Other additives may also be present. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
Participants receive either an email or text message daily (based on the participant's preference) stating whether the participant achieved the 7000 step goal during the previous day. Each participant will also be notified as to how many of their teammates reached the goal the previous day. Control Arm will receive no financial incentive.
NEW MATERIAL:The compound of formula I (at least one of R1 and R2 is 7-21C hydrocarbon group containing at least one epoxy group in the structure and the other is 7-21C hydrocarbon group; R3 is H, serine residue, inositol residue, glycerol residue, choline residue or aminoethyl). EXAMPLE:Epoxidized soybean phosphatidylcholine. USE:Carcinostatic agent. PREPARATION:The objective compound can be produced e.g. by epoxidizing the phosphatidic acid derivative of formula II (e.g. phosphatidylserine) e.g. with an organic peracid in an inert solvent such as benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, etc.
PURPOSE: Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) has had many impacts on the lives of patients and substantial differences in emotional and social functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation analysis of different personality traits in rectal cancer patients with LARS after undergoing curative surgery.
METHODS: This study was designed as a prospective cohort study. The inclusion criteria included (1) participants diagnosed with rectal cancer who underwent surgical resection of malignant tumors and (2) ECOG 0-1. The primary outcome was the correlation between different personality traits and low anterior resection syndrome in rectal cancer patients after radical surgery. Low anterior resection syndrome incidence rates were estimated by questionnaires and personality groups by the Type A and Type D Scale-14 Personality Inventory.
RESULTS: For all 161 participants in this study, the presence of a tumor at the lower anal verge and the receipt of neoadjuvant CCRT had a statistically significant positive correlation with the LARS score at 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year (Pearson correlation coefficient = -0.283, -0.374, and - 0.205, respectively), with a p value of less than 0.05. Personalities with Type A, Type D, and Type D-SI scores had a statistically significant positive correlation with LARS score at 1 month (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.172, 0.162, and 0,164, p value = 0.03, 0.04, and 0.04).
CONCLUSION: Type A and Type D personalities are highly linked to LARS. Personalized support approaches can ultimately assist rectal cancer patients in overcoming difficulties after surgery and recovery and enhance their functional outcomes.
Armodafinil or placebo was provided in 50 mg tablet form and subjects were instructed to take 4 tablets orally once daily in the morning. Subjects randomized to the 100 mg/day armodafinil treatment arm for the double-blind treatment period of the study took two 50 mg armodafinil tablets plus two placebo tablets each morning. Subjects began taking 50 mg/day and then titrated to 100 mg/day on Day 2 of the first week of the double-blind treatment period.
BACKGROUND: One important factor for the prevention of surgical site infections is ultraclean air in the operating room (OR). Still, the direct sterilization potential of most technologies, especially in a dynamic clinical setting, is not well understood. We aimed to determine and compare the microbial presence from the inlet and outlet flow of a filtration unit with crystalline ultraviolet-C (C-UVC) light.
METHODS: A prospective study was conducted at a single institution, where primary total joint arthroplasty and spine surgeries were performed. The OR was fitted with a positive ventilation system. In addition, a filtration unit with a C-UVC sterilizing light was placed in the OR. The inlet and outlet air flows were swabbed simultaneously and compared. Swabs were processed for culture and next-generation sequencing.
RESULTS: The mean length of the surgical procedures sampled was 68 ± 13 minutes. Overall, 19 out of 200 (9.5%) swabs isolated microorganisms. Inlet air swabs were positive at a higher rate (16 versus 3%; P < .01) compared to the outlet air swabs. A wide variety of Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and anaerobic bacteria were isolated, but fungi were only recovered from inlet air swabs. The detection of microorganisms was also higher when more door openings were performed (32.5 ± 7.1 versus 27.9 ± 5.6; P < .01).
CONCLUSIONS: Air swabs mainly isolated microorganisms from the inlet flow to the filtration unit with a C-UVC light. The sterilizing unit counteracted factors affecting the air quality in the OR, namely door openings, surgical personnel, and tissue combustion.
OBJECTIVE: Conventional mock circulatory loops (MCLs) cannot replicate realistic hemodynamic conditions without inducing blood trauma. This constrains in-vitro hemocompatibility examinations of blood pumps to static test loops that do not mimic clinical scenarios. This study aimed at developing an atraumatic MCL based on a hardware-in-the-loop concept (H-MCL) for realistic hemocompatibility assessment.
METHODS: The H-MCL was designed for 450 ± 50 ml of blood with the polycarbonate reservoirs, the silicone/polyvinyl-chloride tubing, and the blood pump under investigation as the sole blood-contacting components. To account for inherent coupling effects a decoupling pressure control was derived by feedback linearization, whereas the level control was addressed by an optimization task to overcome periodic loss of controllability. The HeartMate 3 was showcased to evaluate the H-MCL's accuracy at typical hemodynamic conditions. To verify the atraumatic properties of the H-MCL, hemolysis (bovine blood, n = 6) was evaluated using the H-MCL in both inactive (static) and active (minor pulsatility) mode, and compared to results achieved in conventional loops.
RESULTS: Typical hemodynamic scenarios were replicated with marginal coupling effects and root mean square error (RMSE) below 1.74 ± 1.37 mmHg while the fluid level remained within ±4% of its target value. The normalized indices of hemolysis (NIH) for the inactive H-MCL showed no significant differences to conventional loops ( ∆NIH = -1.6 mg/100 L). Further, no significant difference was evident between the active and inactive mode in the H-MCL ( ∆NIH = +0.3 mg/100 L).
CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE: Collectively, these findings indicated the H-MCL's potential for in-vitro hemocompatibility assessment of blood pumps within realistic hemodynamic conditions, eliminating inherent setup-related risks for blood trauma.
Angiomotin-like 2 (AMOTL2) is related to numerous physiological and pathological conditions by affecting signal transduction. However, whether AMOTL2 is linked to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has not been addressed. This work aimed to investigate the potential role of AMOTL2 in PAH. A decrease in AMOTL2 abundance was observed in the lungs of PAH rats. The upregulation of AMOTL2 significantly decreased right ventricle systolic pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy in PAH rats. Overexpression of AMOTL2 also led to a noteworthy decrease in vascular wall thickness, pulmonary artery area, and collagen deposition in rats with PAH. AMOTL2 was downregulated in hypoxia-stimulated pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Moreover, AMOTL2 overexpression impeded hypoxia-evoked proliferation, migration, and phenotypic transformation in rat PASMCs. Mechanistic investigation revealed that Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) activation in PAH rats or hypoxia-stimulated PASMCs was markedly inhibited by AMOTL2 overexpression, which was associated with increased large tumor suppressor 1/2 phosphorylation. The inhibition of large tumor suppressor 1/2 reversed the AMOTL2-mediated inactivation of YAP1. Restoring the activity of YAP1 reversed the inhibitory effect of AMOTL2 on hypoxia-evoked proliferation, migration, and phenotypic transformation of PASMCs. Collectively, these results suggest that AMOTL2 can ameliorate PAH in a rat model by interfering with pulmonary arterial remodeling via the inactivation of YAP1 signaling. Our work indicates that AMOTL2 may be a candidate target for novel drug development for the treatment of PAH.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of local ablative therapy (LAT) combined with pembrolizumab in patients with synchronous oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to identify patients who would most benefit from LAT.
METHODS AND MATERIALS: We retrospectively identified patients who received diagnosis of synchronous oligometastatic NSCLC (≤5 metastatic lesions and ≤3 organs involved) and were treated with first-line pembrolizumab between January 2017 and December 2022. Patients who underwent LAT, including surgery or radiation therapy at all disease sites, were compared with those who did not undergo LAT. A recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) model was developed using prognostic factors for progression-free survival (PFS).
RESULTS: Among the 258 patients included, 78 received LAT with pembrolizumab, and 180 received pembrolizumab alone. The median follow-up duration was 15.5 months (range, 3.0-71.2 months). In the entire cohort, LAT was independently associated with significantly improved PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.64; P = .015) and overall survival (OS) (HR, 0.61; P = .020). In the propensity score-matched cohort (N = 74 in each group), the median PFS was 19.9 months and 9.6 months, respectively (P = .003), and the median OS was 42.2 months and 20.5 months, respectively (P = .045), for the LAT and non-LAT groups. Based on the RPA model, incorporating the number of metastatic lesions, performance status, and programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression level, patients were stratified into 3 risk groups with distinct PFS. LAT significantly improved PFS and OS in the low- and intermediate-risk groups; however, no difference was observed in the high-risk group. LAT was more effective as a consolidative treatment after pembrolizumab initiation than as an upfront therapy.
CONCLUSIONS: LAT combined with pembrolizumab was associated with higher PFS and OS compared with pembrolizumab alone in selected patients with synchronous oligometastatic NSCLC. The RPA model could serve as a valuable clinical tool for identifying appropriate patients for LAT.
This is an open-label (a medical research study in which participants and researchers are told which treatments the participants are receiving, "unblinded"), single-arm, prospective study (study following participants forward in time) of TTS-fentanyl matrix form in knee osteoarthritis participants. The study consists of 3 phases: a screening phase, an open label treatment phase consisting of 2 periods, and an evaluation phase. The first patch will be applied on the first day of treatment phase by the investigator, and sufficient patches until Day 30 will be provided to the participant with the instructions to apply the patch. The TTS-fentanyl dose will normally be increased, if needed by 12.5 microgram per hour taking into account the daily dose of supplemental paracetamol required by the participant. Efficacy with regard to pain control will be recorded principally by the participant via questionnaires in a daily diary. This record will be used to support more detailed assessments at study visits on Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire. Participants' safety will be monitored.