anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the maximum tolerated dose of sequential prolonged topotecan and prolonged etoposide as second line therapy in patients with recurrent ovarian epithelial, peritoneal, or tubal cancer. II. Determine the nature and degree of toxicity of this treatment regimen in this patient population. III. Evaluate the response rate and time to disease progression in these patients.

OUTLINE: This is a dose escalation study. Patients receive oral topotecan daily on days 1-5 and oral etoposide daily on days 8-10. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable side effects. Patients achieving partial or complete response or stable disease continue treatment for at least 4-6 courses. Cohorts of 3-6 patients receive topotecan and etoposide on increasing numbers of days until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is determined. The MTD is defined as the dose at which no greater than 1 of 6 patients experiences dose limiting toxicity. Patients are followed every 3 months or until death.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 24 patients will be accrued for this study within 12 months.
The invention discloses a metformin-acipimox compound sustained-release capsule and a preparing method. Components of the sustained-release capsule comprise melbine, acipimox, polyacrylic resin, polyethylene, glyceride, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, starch and talcum powder. The preparing method comprises preparing materials: stock for preparing metformin-acipimox containing pellets, preparing metformin-acipimox slow release pellets, and filling. The compound sustained-release capsule can treat high blood sugar, treat high blood fat and improve curative effect of the medicine, is high in medicine effect ratio and convenient to take, and realizes in vivo durable and slow release of the medicine, thus reducing a administration frequency. By controlling concentration of the effective components in blood, a medicine effect is maintained, the number of medicine release peak time is reduced, and certain protection for organs of a patient is realized. The whole preparing process is high in stability, fast in speed, extremely less in pellet crushing and dust, environmentally friendly and good in stability.
PURPOSE:To extract an antigenic substance occurring in a very small amount sufficiently, by adding a specific amount of an aqueous solvent to animal or plant lipid and carrying out ultrasonic treatment so that the antigenic substance in the lipid is transferred to the aqueous solvent. CONSTITUTION:1pt.wt. animal or plant lipid is incorporated with at least 0.5pt.wt. aqueous solvent selected from water, sodium chloride injection and an isotonic buffer solution, ultrasonic treatment is carried out at least one time and lipid is dispersed as very fine particles into the aqueous medium so that an antigenic substance existing in a very small amount in the lipid is extracted. The ultrasonic treatment is preferably carried out at 8-22kHz frequency at 160-300W output for at least 1min usually. The antigenic substance can be simply extracted from the animal or vegetable lipid and this method is useful for preparation of a test specimen for screening the antigenic substance which results from lipid and causes allergies.
PURPOSE: A soft capsule composite formulation with a tablet is provided to fill high capacity physiologically active ingredients in a small capsule and to improve productivity and drug compliance. CONSTITUTION: A soft capsule composite formulation comprises: a capsule with spherical shapes at both ends and an inner space; and a tablet in the inner space. The tablet has an identical shape with the inner space. The tablet has a first part and a second part which have cylindrical bodies with hemispherical end sides and flat end sides. The flat end sides of the first and second parts contact each other. The tablet has a third part with a cylindrical body with flat both ends. The filling rate in the capsule is 0.6 g/mL-1.0 g/mL. The porosity of the capsule is less than 20%. The tablet contains a drug and a pharmaceutically acceptable additive. The additive is selected from the group consisting of a pharmaceutically acceptable diluents, a disintegrant, a binder, a stabilizing agent, and a lubricant.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide cement which has excellent strength, which is gradually absorbed in an organism as a bone at a bone deficit part grows, and which has bone replaceability without being left as a hardened body in the body. SOLUTION: Primary calcium phosphate hydrate is heated in a temperature range of 100-220 deg.C, especially 140-200 deg.C, and dried to provide calcium phosphate cement powder containing anhydride. Calcium phosphate cement powder mainly comprising primary calcium phosphate anhydride and β-type tertiary calcium phosphate is provided. For 100 pts.wt. of calcium phosphate cement powder, primary calcium phosphate anhydride is contained by 10-50 pts.wt., especially 20-40 pts.wt., favorably. In addition, total quantity of primary calcium phosphate anhydride and β-type tertiary calcium phosphate is contained by 40 pts.wt. or more, especially 60 pts.wt. or more.
Neonates with a history of in utero exposure to lisinopril

If oliguria or hypotension occurs, direct attention toward support of blood pressure and renal perfusion. Exchange transfusions or dialysis may be required as a means of reversing hypotension and/or substituting for disordered renal function. Lisinopril, which crosses the placenta, has been removed from neonatal circulation by peritoneal dialysis with some clinical benefit, and theoretically may be removed by exchange transfusion, although there is no experience with the latter procedure.

Antihypertensive effects of lisinopril have been established in hypertensive pediatric patients aged 6 to 16 years.

There are no data on the effect of lisinopril on blood pressure in pediatric patients under the age 6 or in pediatric patients with glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m (See and , and .) 2CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Pharmacokinetics and MetabolismPharmacodynamics and Clinical EffectsDOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The 10-mm self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) is the standard for endoscopic transpapillary biliary drainage before pancreatic cancer surgery. However, the efficacy of stents thinner than 10 mm has not been adequately validated. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the safety of a 6-mm fully covered SEMS (FCSEMS) for distal malignant biliary obstruction (DMBO) during preoperative chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer.
METHODS: This was a single-arm, multicenter, prospective phase II study of endoscopic transpapillary initial biliary drainage for DMBO before pancreatic cancer surgery. The primary endpoint was stent-related adverse events, and the key secondary endpoint was the non-recurrent biliary obstruction (non-RBO) rate during the observation period for both resectable (R) and borderline resectable (BR) pancreatic cancers.
RESULTS: The study enrolled 33 patients, among whom 32 received the study treatment. There were 23 and 9 cases of R and BR pancreatic cancers, respectively. The technical and clinical success rates were 97.0% and 90.1%, respectively. The stent-related adverse event rate was 3.1% (n = 1, acute pancreatitis) (95% confidential interval, 0.00-16.2), which met the criteria to be considered safe. The overall non-RBO rate during the observation period (median 96 days) was 78.1% (82.6% and 66.7% for R and BR pancreatic cancer cases, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: The 6-mm FCSEMS is an extremely safe metallic stent with a low stent-related adverse event rate of 3.1% for preoperative biliary drainage in pancreatic cancer. It is considered the optimal stent for preoperative biliary drainage in terms of the non-RBO rate. UMIN Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN-CTR 000041704).
INTRODUCTION: Macrophage-mediated inflammatory response may have crucial roles in the pathogenesis of a variety of human diseases. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a cytokine of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, with potential anti-inflammatory activities. Previous studies observed in human lungs some macrophages which expressed a high level of GDF15.
METHODS: In the present study, we employed multiple techniques, including immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and single-cell RNA sequencing, in order to further clarify the identity of such GDF15high macrophages.
RESULTS: We demonstrated that macrophages derived from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and rat bone marrow mononuclear cells by in vitro differentiation with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor contained a minor population (~1%) of GDF15high cells. GDF15high macrophages did not exhibit a typical M1 or M2 phenotype, but had a unique molecular signature as revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. Functionally, the in vitro derived GDF15high macrophages were associated with reduced responsiveness to pro-inflammatory activation; furthermore, these GDF15high macrophages could inhibit the pro-inflammatory functions of other macrophages via a paracrine mechanism. We further confirmed that GDF15 per se was a key mediator of the anti-inflammatory effects of GDF15high macrophage. Also, we provided evidence showing that GDF15high macrophages were present in other macrophage-residing human tissues in addition to the lungs. Further scRNA-seq analysis in rat lung macrophages confirmed the presence of a GDF15high sub-population. However, these data indicated that GDF15high macrophages in the body were not a uniform population based on their molecular signatures. More importantly, as compared to the in vitro derived GDF15high macrophage, whether the tissue resident GDF15high counterpart is also associated with anti-inflammatory functions remains to be determined. We cannot exclude the possibility that the in vitro priming/induction protocol used in our study has a determinant role in inducing the anti-inflammatory phenotype in the resulting GDF15high macrophage cells.
CONCLUSION: In summary, our results suggest that the GDF15high macrophage cells obtained by in vitro induction may represent a distinct cluster with intrinsic anti-inflammatory functions. The (patho)physiological importance of these cells in vivo warrants further investigation.
Supracondylar femur periprosthetic fractures about a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are a catastrophic and challenging complication of TKA and unfortunately are increasing in incidence. Fixation of these fractures can be challenging due to altered anatomy for the TKA and the presence of the metallic femoral component and have a relatively high complication rate. As a result, some surgeons elect to treat these fractures with a distal femur replacement total knee arthroplasty (DFR). Several small retrospective studies have compared outcomes with mixed results. To the authors' knowledge there are no prospective studies evaluating the outcomes after treatment of periprosthetic distal femur fractures. The purpose of this study is to prospectively evaluate periprosthetic femur fractures treated with ORIF or DFR and compare various outcomes measures (Get up and go times, KOOS Jr score).
The present invention discloses a chitosan quaternary ammonium salt nanometer particle as a medical carrier, a preparation method and a purpose thereof. The chitosan quaternary ammonium salt nanometer particle is generated by the crosslinking of chitosan quaternary ammonium salts and sodium tripolyphosphate, and the particle diameter ranges between 110 and 200 nm. The preparation method comprises the steps that the chitosan quaternary ammonium salts are dissolved in distillation water, the sodium tripolyphosphate solution is added through stir at room temperature, and nanometer particles are formed by crosslinking; the nanometer particles are centrifugated and separated at high speed, and are frozen and dried, and thus, the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt nanometer particle is prepared. The novel nanometer particle prepared under the neutral condition can avoid the side effect of organic solvents, and the required energy is less than that of the common preparation methods such as solvent evaporation, etc. The present invention is especially used for packing sensitivity macromolecules, such as protein drugs. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is used as a model medicine, the encapsulation rate of the BSA can be 90%, and the slow release period can be more than six days.
Infection following severe lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries is a challenging problem. Several factors hypothesized to influence infection have been explored and, in many cases, optimized or found not to be influential. A persistent area of uncertainty and variability is the timing of acute soft tissue coverage. In the United States, the mean time to coverage from injury is 10 days, and infection rates are 20-35%. In the United Kingdom, there are national guidelines to support coverage within 72 hours of injury, and infection rates are less than 10%. While the data to support early coverage is promising, the necessary evidence to make this significant change is lacking. To justify the mobilization of resources and expense required to shift practice, a definitive trial is needed. This trial seeks to fill this critical knowledge gap.

The primary objective of this trial is to determine if accelerated flap coverage (within 72 hours of injury) compared to standard flap coverage timing leads lower rates of infection and infection-related complications. The trial population includes patients 18 years and older with an acute open fracture and/or dislocation below the knee, with a diagnosed need for acute soft tissue coverage with a flap. Patients who undergo primary amputation prior to attempted flap coverage will be excluded. There will be 356 participants randomized in 1:1 ratio to receive either accelerated flap coverage (goal of flap within 72 hours from injury) or flap coverage at the time that reflects the standard of care at each institution. The timing of the trial interventions, other adjunctive treatments, the fracture fixation, and flap coverage procedures will be documented for both treatment groups. Management of the fracture or dislocation, selection of flap, and post-injury flap management will be at the discretion of the operating surgeons and documented for both treatment groups. Participants will have follow-up at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months post-randomization.

The primary outcome will be a composite outcome to evaluate clinical status 6 months after randomization. Components of the composite outcome will be hierarchically assessed in the following order: 1) all-cause mortality, 2) amputation related to injury, 3) re-operation for infection and/or flap complication (flap compromise, partial and/or complete flap failure), and 4) days in hospital, defined as days in an acute in-patient hospital (i.e., not rehab or nursing facility). The secondary outcomes will independently assess the individual components of the primary outcome at 6 and 12 months, the composite outcome at 12 months, and health-related quality of life and patient satisfaction over 6 and 12 months. An Adjudication Committee will review primary and secondary endpoints and a Data Safety Monitoring Committee (DSMC) will review all safety events.
Drug dependence is often characterized by severe drug seeking behavior. Learning to understand, predict, and control this maladaptive choice behavior may lead to improved prevention and treatment strategies. HYD is a drug that is currently used as a cough suppressant and to relieve pain. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which opioid drug seeking behavior by heroin dependent individuals can be reduced by environmental factors, including supplemental opioid drug availability, drug price, and alternative non-drug reinforcers. Specifically, this study will determine whether knowledge of post-session HYD availability influences drug seeking behavior in heroin dependent individuals, who are maintained on buprenorphine during their participation.

Participants in this observational study will take part in multiple trials in which they have the opportunity to choose either HYD or money. On the first two experimental days, prior to choice sessions, participants will receive a sample of the drug doses that can be chosen. During test sessions, participants will have 12 opportunities to choose either drug or money. Participants will use a computer to earn choices. Respiration rate, oxygen saturation, heart rate, and blood pressure will be monitored throughout choice trials. Supplemental HYD will be made available following some choice sessions. Self-report questionnaires will be completed at different times during the study. Participants will be maintained on buprenorphine throughout the study, with a minimum 2-week lead before the experiment, and a fixed 3-week detoxification after study completion.
An ultrasound gel is provided for use with internal ultrasound imaging and/or therapy. The gel can have acoustic properties that can closely match a soft tissue to be imaged/treated and can be of a high viscosity that is maintained at body temperature. In some embodiments, the gel can act as a lubricant and, although water based, can be hydrophobic and not dissolve in bodily fluids. In some embodiments, the gel can be sterile, safe for ingestion, safe for application over mucous membranes, and include a preservative. In order to achieve sterility while maintaining a desired viscosity range, the gel can include a viscosity stabilising agent such as a viscosity protection agent for protection from radiation induced breakdown. In some embodiments, methods of altering or maintaining the viscosity of a gel is provided.
Hepatic resection is the primary therapy for various hepatobiliary disorders. Advances in preoperative imaging, surgical technique, and perioperative management have markedly improved outcomes and extended the indications for hepatic resection within the past three decades. However, liver resection remains associated with substantial morbidity and mortality of up to 60% and 10%, respectively. The outcome of patients undergoing hepatic resection is closely linked to the amount of intraoperative blood loss. Hemorrhage from the resection surface contributes significantly to the amount of blood loss. In addition, bile leakage from the resection surface presents a persistent clinical challenge. In fact, bile leakage remains the most frequent complication after hepatic resection with an incidence of 5 - 25%. Various topical agents have so far been suggested to facilitate hemostasis with the ultimate aim to improve perioperative outcome. However, none of these agents has so far gained wide acceptance, possibly due to their impractical method of application. Furthermore, these 'hemostatic agents' have been primarily designed to improve hemostasis and showed no effect on perioperative complications and in particular the incidence of bile leakage.

The present randomized controlled trial evaluates the efficacy and safety of BioFoam® Surgical Matrix in patients undergoing elective liver resection. In contrast to other topical agents, the surgical adhesive BioFoam® Surgical Matrix may not only accelerate hemostasis but also facilitate sealing of bile ducts and thus has the potential to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.
Spina bifida (SB) represents one of the most severe congenital malformation of the central nervous system and amenable to prenatal diagnosis. In the past 20 years, prenatal repair of SB has become an established technique.

The PRIUM study will include 10 cases of fetuses with prenatal diagnosis of SB and for whom the maternal willing will be to continue the pregnancy. A surgical prenatal repair of the defect will be planed at 19-25+6 weeks gestation following maternal laparotomy and hysterotomy under maternal general anesthesia. The delivery will be planed at 36 weeks'. Postnatal evaluation of the neonates will be scheduled at birth, 1 month, 12 months and 36 months of age. Those data will be matched to controls who have underwent a conventional postnatal repair of the SB
Vincristine sulfate IV once a wk on wks 0-12, 15, 18-24, 27, 30-36, and 39. Dactinomycin IV once a wk on wks 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, and 39. Cyclophosphamide IV once a wk on wks 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, and 39. After 12 weeks of chemotherapy, depending on tumor shrinkage, pts may undergo surgery. After recovery from therapeutic conventional surgery, patients receive radiation therapy once a day, 5 days a wk, during wks 12-18. For pt receiving radiotherapy during wks 0-6, dactinomycin is omitted during wks 3 and 6 and during wks 15 and 18. For patients receiving radiotherapy during wks 12-18, dactinomycin is omitted during wks 15 and 18. Patients with adequate response at wk 24 continue chemotherapy during wks 24-39. All pts receive filgrastim (G-CSF) or sargramostim (GM-CSF) subcutaneously beginning 24 hours after completion of each course of chemotherapy and continuing 1 year, until hematopoietic recovery.
Obesity is a global health challenge with limited therapeutic solutions. Here, we demonstrate the engineering of an energy-dissipating hybrid tissue (EDHT) in the body for weight control. EDHT is constructed by implanting a synthetic gel matrix comprising immunomodulatory signals and functional cells into the recipient mouse. The immunomodulatory signals induce the host stromal cells to create an immunosuppressive niche that protects the functional cells, which are overexpressing the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), from immune rejection. Consequently, these endogenous and exogenous cells co-develop a hybrid tissue that sustainedly produces UCP1 to accelerate the host's energy expenditure. Systematic experiments in high-fat diet (HFD) and transgenic (ob/ob) mice show that EDHT efficiently reduces body weight and relieves obesity-associated pathological conditions. Importantly, an 18-month observation for safety assessment excludes cell leakage from EDHT and reports no adverse physiological responses. Overall, EDHT demonstrates convincing efficacy and safety in controlling body weight.