anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
We enhance the Bayesian Mendelian Randomization (MR) framework of Berzuini et al. (Biostatistics 21(1):86-101, 2018) by allowing for interval null causal hypotheses, where values of the causal effect parameter that fall within a user-specified interval of "practical equivalence" (ROPE) (Kruschke, Adv Methods Pract Psychol Sci 1(2):270-80, 2018) are regarded as equivalent to "no effect". We motivate this move in the context of MR analysis. In this approach, the decision over the hypothesis test is taken on the basis of the Bayesian posterior odds for the causal effect parameter falling within the ROPE. We allow the causal effect parameter to have a mixture prior, with components corresponding to the null and the alternative hypothesis. Inference is performed via Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. We speed up the calculations by fitting to the data a simpler model than the intended, "true", one. We recover a set of samples from the "true" posterior distribution by weighted importance resampling of the MCMC-generated samples. From the final samples we obtain a simulation consistent estimate of the desired posterior odds, and ultimately of the Bayes factor for the interval-valued null hypothesis, [Formula: see text], vs [Formula: see text]. In those situations where the posterior odds is neither large nor small enough, we allow for an uncertain outcome of the test decision, thereby moving to a ternary decision logic. Finally, we present an approach to calibration of the proposed method via loss function. We illustrate the method with the aid of a study of the causal effect of obesity on risk of juvenile myocardial infarction based on a unique prospective dataset.
A method of identifying a peptide which permits or facilitates the transport of an active agent through a human or animal tissue. A predetermined amount of phage from a random phage library or a preselected phage library is administered in vivo or in situ to a site in an animal, such as into the gastro-intestinal tract. At a predetermined time, the phage which is transported across a tissue barrier is harvested at a harvesting site, such as in portal or systemic blood or brain tissue, which is separated from the site of administration by the tissue barrier to select transported phage. This transported phage is amplified in a host. This cycle of events is repeated (using the transported phage produced in the most recent cycle) a predetermined number of times to obtain a selected phage library containing phage which can be transported from the site of administration to the harvesting site. The identity of at least one peptide coded by phage in the selected phage library is determined to identify a peptide which permits or facilitates the transport of an active agent through a human or animal tissue.
The ADAPT (Avoiding Diabetes Thru Action Plan Targeting) trial is an innovative study that leverages persuasive technology to enhance the lifestyle behavior change counseling efficacy of primary care providers. Using principles of behavior change theory and persuasion technology, the multidisciplinary design team utilized in-depth interviews and in-vivo usability testing to produce a prototype diabetes prevention counseling system embedded in the electronic health record. The core element of the tool is a streamlined shared goal setting module within the electronic health record system. The system also utilizes a pre-encounter patient behavior change goals elicitation survey to help tailor the goal setting session to patient preferences and encourage shared decision making. The patients also interact with a website that collects their longitudinal behavior change data and visualizes their progress over time and in comparison to other study members. The ADAPT system utilizes the influential powers of goal setting, tailoring, reminders, social comparisons, testimonials and other methods to integrate evidence based behavior change principles and persuasion techniques into routine primary care clinical encounters. If successful, the ADAPT system may represent an adaptable and scalable technology-enabled behavior change tool for all primary care providers.
PURPOSE:Cosmetic an external preparation that contain an ester from a methylsteroid bearing 2 methyl groups on the 4-position in the sterol skelton and an alpha- branched carboxylic acid, thus having high hydrolysis resistance and water retention and causing no irritation on the skin. CONSTITUTION:The objective cosmetic and external preparation contains an ester from a methylsteroid bearing 2 methyl groups on the 4-position in the sterol skelton such as dihydrolanosterol and an alpha-branched carboxylic acid of the formula (R1 is alkyl of 2 or more carbon atoms; R2 is alkyl of 4 or more carbon atoms) such as alpha-ethylhexanoic acid. The above ester has high resistance to hydrolysis (for example, substantially inert to 1N KOH in n-propanol). Since it has good water retention, the emulsification is readily effected and the resulting emulsion is stable. Therefore, surfactant used can be reduced to a very small amount to give a base maerial causing no irritation on the skin. The esterification is conducted by heating them in the presence of a catalyst such as p-toluenesulfonic acid.
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition for removing body odor is provided to suppress tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis using plant-derived essential oil and polyphenol compounds which remove radicals in body with a superior antioxidation activity. CONSTITUTION: A cosmetic composition for removing body odor contains plant-derived essential oil and polyphenol compounds as active ingredients. A plant is selected among peppermint, fragrant plantain, Hosta longipes (Franch. & Sav.) Matsum, Hemerocallis fulva, Convallaria keiskei Miq., and Cornus officinalis. The polyphenol compounds are derived from fragrant plantain and are selected among structural formulas 1-5. The polyphenol compounds suppress oxidation of palmitic acid.
The invention discloses a paste capable of clearing away heat and toxic materials for adjuvant therapy of burns and scalds and a preparation method of paste, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine compositions. The paste capable of clearing away heat and toxic materials is prepared from the following raw materials: rheum officinale, ampelopsis japonica, red peony roots, dandelion, dioscorea bulbifera, rabdosia rubescens, cortex dictamni, mangnolia officinalis, honey, raw scutellaria baicalensis, liquorice, borneol, akebia fruits and salvia chinensis. The paste capable of clearing away heat and toxic materials for adjuvant therapy of burns and scalds is reasonable in formula, and various components accord with the laws and regulations in pharmaceuticals. The paste capable of clearing away heat and toxic materials has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, activating blood and relieving pain, cooling blood to stop bleeding, regenerating tissues to heal wounds, carrying out adjuvant therapy and strengthening the curative effect. The humidity of the paste for burns and scalds is kept in the treatment process, so that the paste is not easy to dry and harden, and a patient has no pain when a drug is exchanged. According to the preparation method of the paste capable of clearing away heat and toxic materials for adjuvant therapy of burns and scalds, the utilization rate of the mangnolia officinalis, raw scutellaria baicalensis and liquorice can be significantly improved, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are saved, and the paste is simple and convenient to process, significant in effect, low in price, safe and convenient to use and free of toxic or side effect.
Twelve healthy, normal-weight subjects (male: 4, female: 8) after 10-14 hr fast, consumed 25g available carbohydrate from glucose, three times, in different weeks as reference foods along with 250ml water; and 25g available carbohydrates from a) goat milk yogurt, b) goat milk yogurt and currants, c) currants, d) sultanina raisins, one time each, in different weeks along with 250ml water. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were taken at baseline, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min. The first glucose sample was taken exactly 15min after the first bite of food or drink.
Immediate 2 stage implant based breast reconstruction after mastectomy. All expanders are placed in the subpectoralis muscle using ADM as a sling. After expansion of the tissue expander change to the permanent implant is performed.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition used for treating colitis. The medicine composition is composed of the components of: 2-10g of purslane, 5-10g of yam, 3-10g of amur corktree bark, 3-10g of golden thread, 2-5g of pomegranate rind, 2-8g of ginger, 2-6g of white chrysanthemum, and 3-10g of coix seed. As a result, the components of the medicine with the weights have a synergetic effect. The medicine can be used for treating various types of colitis. The components of the medicine are relatively simple, and a lot of components are both medicine and food. Side effect is low, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the cost is low, and the treatment effect is clear and reliable. Preferably, enema administration can be selected, such that the medicine can directly reach a lesion site. Therefore, the treatment effect is faster, and side effects are fewer.
This narrative review delves into the intricate relationship between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and food intolerances. IBS, a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder, is characterized by symptoms like abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. The prevalence of IBS has increased globally, especially among young adults. Food and dietary habits play a crucial role in IBS management. About 85-90% of IBS patients report symptom exacerbation linked to specific food consumption, highlighting the strong connection between food intolerances and IBS. Food intolerances often exhibit a dose-dependent pattern, posing a challenge in identifying trigger foods. This issue is further complicated by the complex nature of gastrointestinal physiology and varying food compositions. This review discusses various dietary patterns and their impact on IBS, including the low-FODMAP diet, gluten-free diet, and Mediterranean diet. It highlights the importance of a personalized approach in dietary management, considering individual symptom variability and dietary history. In conclusion, this review emphasizes the need for accurate diagnosis and holistic management of IBS, considering the complex interplay between dietary factors and gastrointestinal pathophysiology. It underlines the importance of patient education and adherence to treatment plans, acknowledging the challenges posed by the variability in dietary triggers and the psychological impact of dietary restrictions.
Sincalide for Injection is a cholecystopancreatic-gastrointestinal hormone for parenteral administration. The agent is a synthetically-prepared C-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin.

Each single-dose vial of sincalide provides a sterile nonpyrogenic lyophilized white to off-white cake or powder consisting of 5 mcg sincalide with 30 mg arginine hydrochloride, 15 mg lysine hydrochloride,170 mg mannitol, 4 mg methionine, 2 mg pentetic acid, and 0.04 mg sodium metabisulfite.

The pH is adjusted to 6.5 to 7.5 with hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide prior to lyophilization. Sincalide is designated chemically as L-α-aspartyl-O- sulfo-L-tyrosyl-L-methionylglycyl-L-tryptophyl-L-methionyl- L-α-aspartyl-L-phenylalaninamide.

Graphic formula:
This study is an open-label, randomized, prospective, parallel group phase II study with ALECSAT compared to Bevacizumab/Irinotecan in patients with verified relapsed glioblastoma multiforme after or during treatment with recognised first-line treatment. After 62 PFS events have been recorded, an interim analysis will be conducted under the auspices of the Data Monitoring Committee.

The patients in the two treatment groups will be followed for up to 62 weeks by planned study visits. Patients with, at least, stable disease will continue the allocated treatment after the study period as judged by the Investigator. Patients allocated to the Bevacizumab/Irinotecan (control group) will receive their treatment according to standard praxis, i.e. up to 16 treatment cycles with 4 weeks duration. Each cycle of Bevacizumab/Irinotecan consist of 2 dosing days; day 1 and day 15 in the cycle.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention concerns a dispersion of crystals or granules of active substance in lipophilic filler where crystals or granules are covered for taste masking. The invention also concerns chewing or quickly dissolved soft gelatinous capsules filled with the specified dispersion, and also a way of manufacture of such forms. Use of considerable quantities of active substance which should be accepted at unitary introduction, and maintenance of satisfactory release of active substance in vivo is possible. ^ EFFECT: new dosed out forms are stable throughout all period of storage. ^ 15 cl, 17 tbl, 5 ex
###  Carcinogenesis

In carcinogenicity studies, rats and mice were given sumatriptan by oral gavage (rats, 104 weeks) or drinking water (mice, 78 weeks). Average exposures achieved in mice receiving the highest dose (target dose of 160 mg/kg/day) were approximately 40 times the exposure attained in humans after the maximum recommended single oral dose of 100 mg. The highest dose administered to rats (160 mg/kg/day, reduced from 360 mg/kg/day during week 21) was approximately 15 times the maximum recommended single human oral dose of 100 mg on a mg/m2 basis. There was no evidence of an increase in tumors in either species related to sumatriptan administration.

###  Mutagenesis

Sumatriptan was not mutagenic in the presence or absence of metabolic activation when tested in 2 gene mutation assays (the Ames test and the in vitro mammalian Chinese hamster V79/HGPRT assay). In 2 cytogenetics assays (the in vitro human lymphocyte assay and the in vivo rat micronucleus assay) sumatriptan was not associated with clastogenic activity.

###  Impairment of Fertility

In a study in which male and female rats were dosed daily with oral sumatriptan prior to and throughout the mating period, there was a treatment-related decrease in fertility secondary to a decrease in mating in animals treated with 50 and 500 mg/kg/day. The highest no-effect dose for this finding was 5 mg/kg/day, or approximately one half of the maximum recommended single human oral dose of 100 mg on a mg/m2 basis. It is not clear whether the problem is associated with treatment of the males or females or both combined. In a similar study by the subcutaneous route there was no evidence of impaired fertility at 60 mg/kg/day, the maximum dose tested, which is equivalent to approximately 6 times the maximum recommended single human oral dose of 100 mg on a mg/m2 basis.
Human tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells play a crucial role in protecting the body from infections and cancers. Recent research observed increased numbers of TRM cells in the lung tissues of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients. However, the functional consequences of TRM cells in pulmonary fibrosis remain unclear. Here, we found that the numbers of TRM cells, especially the CD8+ subset, were increased in the mouse lung with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Increasing or decreasing CD8+ TRM cells in mouse lungs accordingly altered the severity of fibrosis. In addition, the adoptive transfer of CD8+ T cells containing a large number of CD8+ TRM cells from fibrotic lungs was sufficient to induce pulmonary fibrosis in control mice. Treatment with chemokine CC-motif ligand (CCL18) induced CD8+ TRM cell expansion and exacerbated fibrosis, whereas blocking C-C chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8) prevented CD8+ TRM recruitment and inhibited pulmonary fibrosis. In conclusion, CD8+ TRM cells are essential for bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and targeting CCL18/CCR8/CD8+ TRM cells may be a potential therapeutic approach. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The role of CD8+ TRM cells in the development of pulmonary fibrosis was validated and studied in the classic model of pulmonary fibrosis. It was proposed for the first time that CCL18 has a chemotactic effect on CD8+ TRM cells, thereby exacerbating pulmonary fibrosis.
In a dose escalation study in patients on chronic levodopa therapy treated with 10 mg of AZILECT there were three reports of cardiovascular side effects (including hypertension and postural hypotension) which resolved following treatment discontinuation.

Although no cases of overdose have been observed with AZILECT during the clinical development program, the following description of presenting symptoms and clinical course is based upon overdose descriptions of nonselective MAO inhibitors.

The signs and symptoms of nonselective MAOI overdose may not appear immediately. Delays of up to 12 hours after ingestion of drug and the appearance of signs may occur. The peak intensity of the syndrome may not be reached until for a day following the overdose. Death has been reported following overdose; therefore, immediate hospitalization, with continuous patient observation and monitoring for at least two days following the ingestion of such drugs in overdose, is strongly recommended. 

The severity of the clinical signs and symptoms of MAOI overdose varies and may be related to the amount of drug consumed. The central nervous and cardiovascular systems are prominently involved.

Signs and symptoms of MAOI overdose may include: drowsiness, dizziness, faintness, irritability, hyperactivity, agitation, severe headache, hallucinations, trismus, opisthotonos, convulsions, and coma; rapid and irregular pulse, hypertension, hypotension and vascular collapse; precordial pain, respiratory depression and failure, hyperpyrexia, diaphoresis, and cool, clammy skin.

There is no specific antidote for AZILECT overdose. The following suggestions are offered based upon the assumption that AZILECT overdose may be modeled after nonselective MAO inhibitor poisoning. Treatment of overdose with nonselective MAO inhibitors is symptomatic and supportive. Respiration should be supported by appropriate measures, including management of the airway, use of supplemental oxygen, and mechanical ventilatory assistance, as required. Body temperature should be monitored closely. Intensive management of hyperpyrexia may be required. Maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance is essential. For this reason, in cases of overdose with AZILECT, dietary tyramine restriction should be observed for several weeks to reduce the risk of hypertensive tyramine reaction.

A poison control center should be called for the most current treatment guidelines.

A postmarketing report described a single patient who developed a nonfatal serotonin syndrome after ingesting 100 mg of AZILECT in a suicide attempt. Another patient who was treated in error with 4 mg AZILECT daily and tramadol also developed a serotonin syndrome. One patient who was treated in error with 3 mg AZILECT daily experienced alternating episodes of vascular fluctuations consisting of hypertension and orthostatic hypotension.
PURPOSE:To improve quickness, operability and reproducibility and to make automation easy by bringing a soln. contg. at least albumin into contact with a specific crosslinked copolymer and separating the same to glycoalbumin and non-glycoalbumin. CONSTITUTION:The soln. contg. at least the albumin is brought into contact with the crosslinked copolymer having 1.0-14.0meq/g alcoholic hydroxyl group per weight of the crosslinked copolymer, 0.05-5.0meq/g dihydroxyporonyl group, 5-100m<2>/g specific surface area and 0.5-6.0g/g volume of water that can be held, by which the albumin is separated to the glycoalbumin and non- glycoalbumin. A vinyl alcohol unit which is crosslinked by a triallyl isocyanuerate unit is particularly preferable as the skeleton of the copolymer. The use of a chromatography by packing the crosslinked copolymer into the column thereof and passing a moving phase therethrough is preferable for the sepn. of the glycoalbumin and non-glycoalbumin.
A cancer-killing radical mixture comprises sixteen Chinese herb medicines including 20 g of winter leaf head, 20 g of Cornus officinalis, 50 g of hedgehog skin and 30 g of potato. Characteristics of indications are as below: cancer cells generally parasite in any organ and tissue of the body, and are in linear, block and nuclear shape, with different sizes, and are immovable hard objects, which are the sputum toxin. According to the prescription, the bulb of fritillary and the processed tuber of pinellia can remove heat and phlegm; peach seed, aquilaria wood, hedgehog skin and winter leaf head can promote blood circulation, generate new blood and relieve pain; and potato and purslane can clear heat, detoxify and dissipate binds. The prescription composed of 16 Chinese herbal medicines can be decocted with six bowls of water into one bowl of soup and administered after meals for one potion each day. After administration of 18 potions, obvious improvement shows up; then 10 continuous potions should be taken, with one potion in two days, to eliminate general symptoms and disperse the phyma; and thereafter, one potion should be taken once a month in the first year, and one potion should be taken once a quarter in the second to the eighth year to prevent relapse. The mixture can achieve radical cure and insurable longevity.
PURPOSE: A K ion channel mediator of a sensory neuron of aplysia containing hydrogen peroxide is provided. A sensory neuron system of aplysia using the K ion channel mediator can be provided as a model for the study of memory and learning. CONSTITUTION: The mediator for K ion channel of a sensory neuron of aplysia contains hydrogen peroxide. In the K ion channel, a hydrogen-induced depolarization is inhibited by tetraethylammonium(TEA). The concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the range of 0.01 to 10mK induces hyperpolarization within 1hr and contributes to the increase of membrane conductance. The aplysia is an Aplysia kurodai captured in a costal area of The East Sea of Korea.