anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OTFC (oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate) is a solid formulation of fentanyl citrate, a potent opioid analgesic, intended for oral transmucosal administration. OTFC is formulated as a white to off-white solid drug matrix on a handle that is fracture resistant (ABS plastic) under normal conditions when used as directed.

OTFC is designed to be dissolved slowly in the mouth to facilitate transmucosal absorption. The handle allows the OTFC unit to be removed from the mouth if signs of excessive opioid effects appear during administration.

Active Ingredient: Fentanyl citrate, USP is N-(1-Phenethyl-4-piperidyl) propionanilide citrate (1:1). Fentanyl is a highly lipophilic compound (octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7.4 is 816:1) that is freely soluble in organic solvents and sparingly soluble in water (1:40). The molecular weight of the free base is 336.5 (the citrate salt is 528.6). The pKa of the tertiary nitrogens are 7.3 and 8.4. The compound has the following structural formula:

Inactive Ingredients: Hydrated dextrates, citric acid, dibasic sodium phosphate, artificial berry flavor, magnesium stearate, and edible glue (modified food starch and confectioner's sugar).
The invention provides a scanning suspension comprising a particle which is capable of at least in part disturbing a magnetic field, wherein said particle comprises a diameter of at least 1 ~m, and use thereof for obtaining a scanning image. Preferably, said particle comprises holmium and a composition capable of essentially maintaining its structure during irradiation. A  particle of the invention is suitable for preparing a kit of parts, comprising a diagnostic and a therapeutic composition which both comprise particles of the invention with essentially the same chemical structure, wherein said therapeutic composition is more radioactive than said diagnostic composition.  Said kit of parts is especially suitable for treatment of a tumour. Firstly, the distribution of a particle of the invention within an individual can be determined with a scanning image obtained with said scanning composition.  Subsequently, a radioactive therapeutic composition can be administered, wherein a suitable dose of said therapeutic composition is derived from said scanning image.
Mechanism of Action

Pentostatin is a potent transition state inhibitor of the enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA). The greatest activity of ADA is found in cells of the lymphoid system with T-cells having higher activity than B-cells, and T-cell malignancies having higher ADA activity than B-cell malignancies. Pentostatin inhibition of ADA, particularly in the presence of adenosine or deoxyadenosine, leads to cytotoxicity, and this is believed to be due to elevated intracellular levels of dATP which can block DNA synthesis through inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase. Pentostatin can also inhibit RNA synthesis as well as cause increased DNA damage. In addition to elevated dATP, these mechanisms may also contribute to the overall cytotoxic effect of pentostatin. The precise mechanism of pentostatin's antitumor effect, however, in hairy cell leukemia is not known.

Pharmacokinetics/Drug Metabolism

A tissue distribution and whole-body autoradiography study in the rat revealed that radioactivity concentrations were highest in the kidneys with very little central nervous system penetration.

In man, following a single-dose of 4 mg/m2 of pentostatin infused over 5 minutes, the distribution half-life was 11 minutes, the mean terminal half-life was 5.7 hours, the mean plasma clearance was 68 mL/min/m2, and approximately 90% of the dose was excreted in the urine as unchanged pentostatin and/or metabolites as measured by adenosine deaminase inhibitory activity. The plasma protein binding of pentostatin is low, approximately 4%.

A positive correlation was observed between pentostatin clearance and creatinine clearance (CLcr) in patients with CLcr values ranging from 60 mL/min to 130 mL/min.1 Pentostatin half-life in patients with renal impairment (CLcr <50 mL/min, n=2) was 18 hours, which was much longer than that observed in patients with normal renal function (CLcr >60 mL/min, n=14), about 6 hours.
The aim is to compare the efficacy and safety between single percutaneous nephrolithotomy (sPNL) and antegrade flexible ureteroscopy-assisted percutaneous nephrolithotomy (aPNL) for the treatment of staghorn calculi. A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted at the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University. A total of 160 eligible patients were included, with 81 in the sPNL group and 79 in the aPNL group. The study first compared the overall differences between sPNL and aPNL. Then, the patients were divided into two subgroups: Group 1 (with less than 5 stone branches) and Group 2 (with 5 or more stone branches), and the differences between the two subgroups were further analyzed. The results showed that aPNL had a higher stone-free rate (SFR) and required fewer percutaneous tracts, with a shorter operation time compared to sPNL (P < 0.05). Moreover, aPNL significantly reduced the need for staged surgery, particularly in patients with 5 or more stone branches. Moreover, there were no significant differences in the changes of hemoglobin levels and the need for blood transfusions between the sPNL and aPNL groups, and the incidence of multiple tracts was lower in the aPNL group. The two groups showed comparable rates of perioperative complications. We concluded that aPNL resulted in a higher SFR for staghorn calculi, and required fewer multiple percutaneous tracts, reduced the need for staged surgery, and had a shorter operative time than PNL alone, especially for patients with 5 or more stone branches. Furthermore, aPNL did not increase the incidence of surgical complications.
Transvaginal organ prolapse, such as small bowel evisceration, is a rare complication after radical cystectomy (RC) in female patients with invasive bladder cancer, However, it often requires emergency surgical repair. Here, we describe our experience with such a case and a review of similar previously reported cases, along with evaluation of the risk factors. We also propose a vaginal reconstruction technique to prevent this complication during robot-assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy (RARC). A total of 178 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) or RARC were enrolled, 34 of whom (19%) were female. One of the 34 female patients had transvaginal small bowel evisceration after RARC. We evaluated our case and six such previously reported cases, to determine vaginal reconstruction techniques during RARC to prevent this complication postoperatively. Median age of these cases was 73 (51-80) years, and all patients were postmenopausal. The median time to small bowel evisceration was 14 (6-120) weeks postoperatively. In addition, we changed the methods of the vaginal reconstruction technique during RARC from the conventional side-to-side closure technique to the improved caudal-to-cephalad closure technique. Since implementing this change, we have not experienced any cases of vaginal vault dehiscence or organ prolapse. Transvaginal small bowel evisceration after RC can easily become severe. Therefore, all possible preventive measures should be taken during RARC. We believe that our vaginal reconstruction techniques might reduce the risk of developing this complication.
BACKGROUND: To assess the relationship between glycemic variability, glucose fluctuation trajectory and the risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included AMI patients from eICU Collaborative Research Database. In-hospital mortality of AMI patients was primary endpoint. Blood glucose levels at admission, glycemic variability, and glucose fluctuation trajectory were three main study variables. Blood glucose levels at admission were stratified into: normal, intermediate, and high. Glycemic variability was evaluated using the coefficient of variation (CV), divided into four groups based on quartiles: quartile 1: CV≤10; quartile 2: 10<CV≤20; quartile 3: 20<CV≤30; quartile 4: CV>30. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models to assess the relationship between blood glucose levels at admission, glycemic variability, glucose fluctuation trajectory, and in-hospital mortality in patients with AMI.
RESULTS: 2590 participants were eventually included in this study. There was a positive relationship between high blood glucose level at admission and in-hospital mortality [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.42, 95%confidence interval (CI): 1.06-1.89]. The fourth quartile (CV>30) of CV was associated with increased in-hospital mortality (HR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.25-3.40). The findings indicated that only AMI individuals in the fourth quartile of glycemic variability, exhibited an elevated in-hospital mortality among those with normal blood glucose levels at admission (HR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.11-4.87). Additionally, elevated blood glucose level was a risk factor for in-hospital mortality in AMI patients.
CONCLUSION: Glycemic variability was correlated with in-hospital mortality, particularly among AMI patients who had normal blood glucose levels at admission. Our study findings also suggest early intervention should be implemented to normalize high blood glucose levels at admission of AMI.
The insular cortex (IC) is a brain region that both receives relevant sensory information and is responsible for emotional and cognitive processes, allowing the perception of sensory information. The IC has connections with multiple sites of the pain matrix, including cortico-cortical interactions with the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and top-down connections with sites of descending pain inhibition. We explored the changes in the extracellular release of serotonin (5HT) and its major metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA), after inflammation was induced by carrageenan injection. Additionally, we explored the role of 5HT receptors (the 5HT1A, 5HT2A, and 5HT3 receptors) in the IC after inflammatory insult. The results showed an increase in the extracellular levels of 5HT and 5-HIAA during the inflammatory process compared to physiological levels. Additionally, the 5HT1A receptor was overexpressed. Finally, the 5HT1A, 5HT2A, and 5HT3 receptor blockade in the IC had antinociceptive effects. Our results highlight the role of serotonergic neurotransmission in long-lasting inflammatory nociception within the IC.
Idiopathic PD patients receiving 3 cycles of BBBO. There is option to include simultaneous GCase delivery after safety profile review by Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB).
In some embodiments, a colorimetric sensor for pH measurement may be used to collect sweat pH information from a subject. An application is provided on a computing device that detects and analyzes the color change in order to determine the pH of sweat detected by the colorimetric sensor. In some embodiments, an electronic sensor for pH measurement may be used to collect skin pH information from a subject. An application is provided on a computing device that detects and analyzes the pH measurements reported by the electronic sensor to determine skin pH values for analysis. Based on the determined skin pH values or sweat pH values and questionnaire responses, the application may recommend a skin regimen/treatment to restore skin function. The application may also provide visualizations of predicted effects of the skin regimen on a skin condition of the subject.
On Day 3 of Cycles 1-5 of each mFOLFOX treatment, participants will receive another dose of APX005M. The sequence of administration of APX005M in combination with mFOLFOX. In Cycle 6, participants will receive only mFOLFOX. After completing the last planned dose of mFOLFOX, participants will be considered off-protocol directed therapy and undergo planned TME, per institutional standards, and proceed to the follow-up portion of this study.
PURPOSE: Assessment of nutritional status and nutritional interventions is important in gastric cancer patients. We investigated the factors associated with perioperative edema in patients with stage I gastric cancer using a body composition analyzer.
METHODS: The study included 106 patients with stage I gastric cancer who underwent distal gastrectomy. The body composition of each patient was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) using an InBody 720 body composition analyzer. Patients with an extracellular water to total body water ratio of ≥ 0.4 before and 1 week after gastrectomy were considered to have edema, the cause of which was determined retrospectively.
RESULTS: Patients with preoperative edema were significantly older, had a significantly higher lymph node metastasis rate and disease stage, and had a significantly poorer Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score, and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) compared with patients without preoperative edema. The group with postoperative edema had significantly higher proportions of elderly and female patients as well as a higher rate of Billroth-II reconstruction compared with the group without postoperative edema. The group with postoperative edema also had significantly lower intracellular water content, total body water content, protein content, skeletal muscle mass, and PNI.
CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative edema occurs in elderly patients with poor nutritional status, and postoperative edema occurs in elderly patients with a shorter operative time. Perioperative edema status assessed by BIA is thought to be related to perioperative nutritional status.
UNLABELLED: The clonal transmission of fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata isolates within hospitals has seldom been analyzed by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). We performed WGS on 79 C. glabrata isolates, comprising 31 isolates from three premature infants with persistent C. glabrata bloodstream infection despite antifungal treatment in the same neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in 2022 and 48 (27 fluconazole-resistant and 21 fluconazole-susceptible dose-dependent) bloodstream isolates from 48 patients in 15 South Korean hospitals from 2010 to 2022. Phylogenetic analysis based on WGS single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distinguished the 79 isolates according to multilocus sequence typing (MLST) (17 sequence type [ST]3, 13 ST7, two ST22, 41 ST26, four ST55, and two ST59 isolates) and unveiled two possible clusters of nosocomial transmission among ST26 isolates. One cluster from two premature infants with overlapping NICU hospitalizations in 2022 encompassed 15 fluconazole-resistant isolates harboring pleiotropic drug-resistance transcription factor (Pdr1p) P258L (13 isolates) or N1086I (two isolates), together with 10 fluconazole-susceptible dose-dependent isolates lacking Pdr1p SNPs. The other cluster indicated unforeseen clonal transmission of fluconazole-resistant bloodstream isolates among five patients (four post-lung transplantation and one with diffuse interstitial lung disease) in the same hospital over 8 months. Among these five isolates, four obtained after exposure to azole antifungals harbored distinct Pdr1p SNPs (N1091D, E388Q, K365E, and R376Q). The findings reveal the transmission patterns of clonal bloodstream isolates of C. glabrata among patients undergoing antifungal treatment, exhibiting different levels of fluconazole susceptibility or distinct Pdr1p SNP profiles.
IMPORTANCE: The prevalence of fluconazole-resistant bloodstream infections caused by Candida glabrata is increasing globally, but the transmission of these resistant strains within hospitals has rarely been documented. Through whole-genome sequencing and epidemiological analyses, this study identified two potential clusters of C. glabrata bloodstream infections within the same hospital, revealing the transmission of clonal C. glabrata strains with different levels of fluconazole susceptibility or distinct transcription factor pleiotropic drug resistance protein 1 (Pdr1p) single-nucleotide polymorphism profiles among patients receiving antifungal therapy.
A device that allows professional service providers and patients/clients to communicate via video and telecommunications, while also allowing the service providers to bill for their time. The device can be a standalone device that is designed specifically for this purpose or a program that either the patient/client, the provider, or both, can download to either a smartphone, tablet, or computer. Among other things, the device can allow a patient/client to select from a group of service providers by filtering via various categories. Professional service providers will be able to bill the patient/client for his time via the device. In some instances the service provider will bill by a given time period, in other instances that service provider will charge a flat fee. In some embodiments the service provider will have the ability to adjust a predetermined fee after servicing the patient.
Patients were allocated to placebo, 4 capsules, 2 times per day for 24 weeks. Placebo (batch number: 20140805) were produced by Shanxi Zhendong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
The invention provides composition for improving the immunity and treating three-high diseases as well as a decoction and a preparation method thereof. The composition comprises raw material medicines in parts by weight as follows: 30-40 parts of bitter gourds, 25-35 parts of fragrant solomonseal rhizomes, 10-20 parts of mulberry leaves, 8-12 parts of leaves of Chinese wolfberry, 15-23 parts of poria cocos, 7-13 parts of dark plums, 15-18 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 10-15 parts of Chinese caterpillar fungus, 12-15 parts of pig's pancreas, 5-8 parts of rhamnella gilgitica Mansf. et Melch, 4-6 parts of dendrobium, 12-18 parts of caulis polygoni multiflori and 14-20 parts of corn stigma. The decoction is prepared from the composition, auxiliary materials and water. The composition can improve the immunity and prevent three-high diseases through synergistic function of the raw material medicines and has a wider treatment range and a remarkable use effect. Additionally, the decoction can be prepared from the composition and is non-toxic, convenient to take and suitable for large-scale popularization and application. Besides, the preparation method of the composition is simple, production is facilitated, the economic costs are low, and the practicability is high.
Polysaccharide (I) is extracted from Gnidia kraussiana, a thymelaeaceous plant of the African savanna, by treating the crushed tubers with hot chloroform and methanol to eliminate toxic components, and then with hydrochloric acid. The acid extract is then dialysed and may be dried. Polysaccharide (I) contains arabinose, xylose, rhamnose, fructose, galactose and glucose in the ratio 2:51:6:3:21:15. It is 55% soluble in water, and 0.15% soluble in chloroform. The treatment with chloroform is effected at 40-50 deg.C, and this is followed by methanol extrn. using a Soxhlet. Rapid treatment with HCl follows, the extract being dialysed at pH 5. Used for treatment of all disorders connected with hypogamma -globulinaemia, such as chronic respiratory tract infetions, all allergies with hypogammaglobulinaenia, such as asthma, eczema and food allergies, treatment of certain delayed hypersensitivity disorders such as psoriasis, and treatment of certain chronic lymphoid leukaemias.
The present disclosure relates to cells, including stem cells, comprising an autobioluminescent phenotype, wherein the cells emit a luminescent signal in the absence of an exogenous luminescent stimulator. The luminescent signal may be constitutive, inducible, repressible, or tissue-specific. The cells express a synthetically engineered bacterial luciferase (lux) cassette, i.e., the luxCDABEfrp gene cassette. The cells may comprise luxA, luxB, luxC, luxD, luxE, and flavin reductase. The cells may each express a combined expression level of luxC, luxD, luxE, and flavin reductase that is from ten to forty times greater than a combined expression level of luxA and luxB. Further, methods of making and using the cells comprising an autobioluminescent phenotype are disclosed herein.
The diversity of human research programs at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) provides a unique opportunity to study different patient populations with monogenetic and undiagnosed diseases with vascular implications. Patient populations with mutations in almost every major signaling pathway related to cardiovascular diseases are actively investigated at the NIH Clinical Center. The purpose of this protocol is to obtain and analyze human biospecimens from affected and unaffected cohorts (as reference biospecimens) to identify genetic etiology and/or underlying disease mechanism(s) in rare genetic vascular/cardiovascular conditions. The collections will consist of biospecimens obtained from participants consented under this protocol and will also provide for the continued storage and analysis of biospecimens previously obtained from NIH Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved protocols, or from NIH protocols nearing completion. The biospecimens collected under this protocol will include blood (plasma, serum, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)), saliva, buccal mucosa, urine, and skin biopsies. Additional biospecimens collected under other protocols may also be transferred to this protocol, including, tissue and fluid aspirates (cerebrospinal fluid, ascites, etc.), bone marrow, urine, saliva, skin biopsies, surgical tissue waste, malignant and non-malignant tissue samples, and/or other direct derivatives from human tissues (i.e. DNA, RNA, and induced pluripotent stems cells). Post-delivery umbilical cord core blood and cord tissue waste will be collected at the time of delivery under this protocol and/or shared if obtained under other protocols. Biospecimens may also be obtained as shared samples of clinically indicated procedures done inside or outside NIH, provided the subject consents to this protocol.

The primary objective of this protocol is to create a robust resource to support basic and translational research by providing a mechanism for collecting, tracking, storing, dispensing, analyzing, and disposing of laboratory research samples from affected and unaffected cohorts. This research will advance high-quality research in the areas of genetics and personalized medicine.

As this is not a treatment protocol, there is no primary endpoint. Research studies will include, but not be limited to, genomic studies, primary cell isolation and cell culture studies for molecular and biochemical analysis, immunohistological analysis, generation of patient-specific in vitro disease models (i.e. IPSCs), etc. As science is a continuously evolving field, technological advances in research methods will be incorporated into research studies accordingly.