anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Risk Summary

It is not known whether the components of VOSEVI and its metabolites are present in human breast milk, affect human milk production, or have effects on the breastfed infant. When the components of VOSEVI were administered to lactating rats, GS-331007 (the predominant circulating metabolite of sofosbuvir) and velpatasvir were detected in milk, while voxilaprevir was detected in the plasma of nursing pups likely due to the presence of voxilaprevir in milk. No significant effects of any of the drugs were observed in nursing rat pups [see Data].

The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for VOSEVI and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from VOSEVI or from the underlying maternal condition.

Data

Sofosbuvir: No significant effects of sofosbuvir on growth or postnatal development were observed in nursing pups at the highest dose tested in rats. Maternal systemic exposure (AUC) of the predominant circulating metabolite of sofosbuvir (GS-331007) was approximately 7 times the exposure in humans at the RHD, with exposure of approximately 2% that of maternal exposure observed in nursing pups on lactation day 10. In a lactation study, sofosbuvir metabolites (primarily GS-331007) were excreted into the milk of lactating rats following administration of a single oral dose of sofosbuvir (20 mg/kg) on lactation day 2, with milk concentrations of approximately 10% that of maternal plasma concentrations observed 1 hour post-dose.

Velpatasvir: No significant effects of velpatasvir on growth or postnatal development were observed in nursing pups at the highest dose tested in rats. Maternal systemic exposure (AUC) of velpatasvir was approximately 3 times the exposure in humans at the RHD. Velpatasvir was present in the milk (approximately 173% that of maternal plasma concentrations) of lactating rats following a single oral dose of velpatasvir (30 mg/kg), and systemic exposure (AUC) in nursing pups was approximately 4% that of maternal exposure on lactation day 10.

Voxilaprevir: No significant effects of voxilaprevir on growth or postnatal development were observed in nursing pups at the highest dose tested in rats. Maternal systemic exposure (AUC) of voxilaprevir was approximately 238 times the exposure in humans at the RHD, with exposure of approximately 58% that of maternal exposure observed in nursing pups on lactation day 10.
Patients receive aspirin PO BID on days -7 to 7 and rintatolimod IV over 2 hours on days 1-3,and 8-10 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo radical prostatectomy on or between day 17-24.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is projected to become the third leading cause of death globally by 2030. Despite the limited treatment options available for advanced COPD, which are mostly restricted to costly lung transplants, physical ablation therapy offers promising alternatives. This technique focuses on ablating lesioned airway epithelium, reducing secretions and obstructions, and promoting normal epithelial regeneration, demonstrating significant therapeutic potential. Physical ablation therapy primarily involves thermal steam ablation, cryoablation, targeted lung denervation, and high-voltage pulsed electric field ablation. These methods help transform the hypersecretory phenotype, alleviate airway inflammation, and decrease the volume of emphysematous lung segments by targeting goblet cells and damaged lung areas. Compared to traditional treatments, endoscopic physical ablation offers fewer injuries, quicker recovery, and enhanced safety. However, its application in COPD remains limited due to inconsistent clinical outcomes, a lack of well-understood mechanisms, and the absence of standardized guidelines. This review begins by exploring the development of these ablation techniques and their current clinical uses in COPD treatment. It then delves into the therapeutic effects reported in recent clinical studies and discusses the underlying mechanisms. Finally, the review assesses the future prospects and challenges of employing ablation technology in COPD clinical practice, aiming to provide a practical reference and a theoretical basis for its use and inspire further research.
Heart rate (HR) can be voluntarily regulated when individuals receive real-time feedback. In a rat model of HR biofeedback, the neocortex and medial forebrain bundle were stimulated as feedback and reward, respectively. The rats reduced their HR within 30 minutes, achieving a reduction of approximately 50% after 5 days of 3-hour feedback. The reduced HR persisted for at least 10 days after training while the rats exhibited anxiolytic behavior and an elevation in blood erythrocyte count. This bradycardia was prevented by inactivating anterior cingulate cortical (ACC) neurons projecting to the ventromedial thalamic nucleus (VMT). Theta-rhythm stimulation of the ACC-to-VMT pathway replicated the bradycardia. VMT neurons projected to the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) and DMH neurons projected to the nucleus ambiguus, which innervates parasympathetic neurons in the heart.
Preeclampsia (PE) is associated with a finely tuned equilibrium between trophoblast cell invasion and fetal-maternal immunological tolerance. An imbalance between proinflammatory (IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines is a hallmark of PE. Neprilysin (NEP), a membrane-bound metalloprotease, is vulnerable to the inflammatory environment and plays a significant role in modulating vascular tone. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between NEP (mRNA and protein) levels and the inflammatory status in PE patients compared to healthy pregnant women and to identify the role of NEP in evaluating the severity of preeclampsia. The study group comprised 52 pregnant women with PE while the control group comprised 47 normotensive pregnant women. After a caesarean section, placental tissue samples from patients and controls were collected to measure the expression levels of IL-6, TGF-β, IL-10, and NEP mRNA. In addition, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess the quantity of NEP protein in blood samples. Our results revealed a significant positive correlation between NEP (mRNA and protein) and proinflammatory markers IL-6 and TGF-β levels in patients compared to controls and a significant inverse correlation between NEP and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Moreover, this is the first study to find a strong positive correlation between NEP level and PE severity. In conclusion, in PE patients, there is a substantial relationship between NEP, the degree of inflammation, and PE severity. NEP could act as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of PE.
PURPOSE: An inhibitor of scar formation of injured tissue is provided to suppress expression of GFAP and/or CSPGs core protein and to regenerate injured nerve tissue. CONSTITUTION: An inhibitor of scar formation of injured tissue contains granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor(GM-CSF) as an active ingredient. The inhibitor is neuroglia lesion inhibitor. The injured tissue is central nervous system such as spinal cord or brain. The inhibitor contains the GM-CSF, carrier for delivering active ingredient, support or transmitter. The carrier is formed in a membrane, sponge, powder, or gel. The carrier is PGA(polyglycolic acid), PLGA(poly(lactic co-glycolic acid)), collagen, gellatin or fibrin.
Each study participant will wear the bioelectronic sensors during a slow deep breath. Participants will wear the sensors and devices continuously for 2 hours.
Trabut surgery involves a partial-thickness incision through the upper eyelid parallel to the eyelid margin. For this surgery, the height of the incision will be assigned at 3 mm from the eyelid margin.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled remedy containing 6-hydroxymethyl- tetrahydropterin as an active component and effective against neuropathy caused by the deficiency of tetrahydrobiopterin such as Parkinson's disease, phenylketonuria, etc., even at a low rate of administration. CONSTITUTION:The objective agent contains 6-hydroxymethyl-tetrahydropterin as an active component. The active component includes a steric isomer on the 6-site carbon atom. (6R) isomer is effective as a remedy, however, the remedy may contain (6S) isomer. It may be administered by oral administration or injection. In the case of oral administration, the active component compound is compounded with ascorbic acid at a ratio (ascorbic acid/active component) of (1-10)/1 and a definite amount of the mixture is e.g. encapsulated in the form powder. An injection can be prepared e.g. by dissolving a definite amount of powder of the active component in sterilized Ringer's solution.
Participants randomized to this intervention will receive a $100 cash incentive for tax filing, designed to offset the time, hassle, and resources spent on tax preparation and filing, as well as psychological frictions like inattention that prevent some people from filing. This will be provided to recipients as soon as they show proof of tax filing, to provide a more immediate reward relative to the delays in receiving a federal tax refund. We will test the feasibility of delivering this via gift card, check, or other modalities, in addition to evaluating the framing and incentive amount.
This study aimed to investigate the potential alleviating effect of Epimedium polysaccharide (EP) on intestinal inflammation aggravated by Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg). P. gingivalis, an oral pathogen, may play a role in intestinal inflammation, highlighting the necessity to explore substances capable of inhibiting its pathogenicity. Initially, in vitro screening experiments utilizing co-culturing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that EP significantly inhibited the growth of P. gingivalis and the levels of virulence genes, including Kgp and RgpA. Subsequent mouse experiments demonstrated that EP notably ameliorated Pg-aggravated weight loss, disease activity index, histopathological lesions, and disruption of intestinal barrier integrity, evidenced by a reduction in tight junction protein levels. Flow cytometry analysis further illustrated that EP attenuated Pg-induced Th17 differentiation and Th17-related cytokines, such as IL-17 and IL-6. Additionally, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing analysis elucidated that EP significantly mitigated Pg-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, enriching potentially beneficial microbes, including Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium. The metabolomic analysis provided further insight, indicating that EP intervention altered the accumulation of relevant intestinal metabolites and exhibited correlations with disease indicators. In conclusion, our research suggested that EP holds promise as a prospective therapeutic agent for alleviating P. gingivalis-aggravated intestinal inflammation.
The present invention provides mutant proteins of steroid hormone receptors. These mutant proteins are useful in methods of distinguishing a steroid hormone receptor antagonist from a steroid hormone receptor agonist. The present invention also provides plasmids containing mutated steroid hormone receptor proteins and cells transfected with those plasmids. In addition, the present invention provides methods for determining whether a compound is a steroid hormone receptor antagonist or agonist. Also, the present invention provides methods of determining endogenous ligands for steroid hormone receptors. The invention further provides a molecular switch for regulating expression in gene therapy.
This study is a clinical trial to assess the effectiveness of the supplement Colaren® associated with annually zoledronic acid 4mg, in the treatment of osteoporosis secondary or not to HIV infection, compared to standard treatment plus zoledronic acid 4mg/annually. The standard treatment will include 1gr of calcium/day and vitamin D supplement. In both cases, vitamin D levels will be evaluated, which should remain at more than 30 ng/mL.

Including men with osteoporosis secondary to HIV and men with osteoporosis secondary to any other cause (HIV negative). Vitamin D levels, bone densitometry and markers of metabolism, bone formation and bone resorption will be assessment. The all parameters above will be assessed basally (before the start of treatment), after starting the treatment, an assessment will be made at 12 weeks where vitamin D levels and bone markers will be measured. Meanwhile, at week 24 assess only vitamin D levels; and finally, at week 52 all parameters mentioned above will be measured.
Pediatric heart transplantation is hampered by a chronic shortage of donor organs. This problem is further confounded by graft rejection. Identification of earlier indicators of pediatric graft rejection and development of subsequent strategies to counteract these effects will increase the longevity of transplanted pediatric hearts. Heart transplant reject is due to a complex series of events, resulting in CAV, which is thought to be mediated through a host immune response. However, the earlier events leading to CAV are not very well known. We hypothesize that early events related to ischemia reperfusion injury during pediatric heart transplantation are responsible for CAV and subsequent graft rejection. Identification of the molecular markers of ischemia reperfusion injury and development of subsequent therapies to block these pathways can potentially lead to a therapeutic strategy to reduce CAV and increase the longevity of the transplanted heart. To accomplish this goal, we have developed a perfusable vascular graft model populated with endothelial cells and demonstrated the feasibility of this model to understand the early events of ischemia reperfusion injury.
Dimet 5 is a certified medical device for the treatment of head lice infestation. It contains only ("liquid") dimeticone oil and, when used correctly, enables physical killing of head lice and their eggs.
It is currently well demonstrated that sleep promotes brain plasticity and therefore is directly involved in cognitive processes such as memory, language, reasoning, learning, intelligence, problem solving.... Sleep deprivation affects most cognitive processes. More specifically, it is the sleep microstructure and in particular the sleep spindles that are specifically linked to memory, learning and cognitive abilities. Sleep spindles are grapho-elements that characterize NREM sleep. They exhibit high inter-individual stability and variability, depend on the genetic heritage and correlate with anatomical properties of the brain. Sleep spindles can therefore be considered as an electrophysiological "finger-print" as one of the most heritable traits of humans. Studies support the notion that sleep spindles are electrophysiological markers of high-level cognitive abilities. It remains to be seen whether the sleep spindles can predict interindividual variations in attention and executive functions.
Plants and plant produced compositions which include Coronavirus S proteins are disclosed. These may be used as vaccines, boosters or immune modulators. The compositions have been shown to reduce the inflammatory cytokine response by altering cytokine levels when administered to an animal. The compositions may be used as an immune modulator to reduce/ameliorate or prevent the cytokine storm often associated with Coronavirus or other virus infection. The compositions may also be used to produce additive protection when administered with any vaccine composition to increase vaccine effectiveness. The compositions when used as vaccines have been shown to protect newborn animals through passive immunity.
BACKGROUND: Methamphetamine (MA) abuse has resulted in a plethora of social issues. Sleep disturbance is a prominent issue about MA addiction, which serve as a risk factor for relapse, and the gut microbiota could play an important role in the pathophysiological mechanisms of sleep disturbances. Therefore, improving sleep quality can be beneficial for treating methamphetamine addiction, and interventions addressing the gut microbiota may represent a promising approach.
METHOD: We recruited 70 MA users to investigate the associations between sleep quality and fecal microbiota by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which was divided into MA-GS (PSQI score < 7, MA users with good sleep quality, n = 49) and MA-BS group (PSQI score ≥ 7, MA users with bad sleep quality, n = 21). In addition, we compared the gut microbiota between the MA-GS and healthy control (HC, n = 38) groups. 16S rRNA sequencing was applied to identify the gut bacteria.
RESULT: The study revealed that the relative abundances of the Thermoanaerobacterales at the order level differed between the MA-GS and MA-BS groups. Additionally, a positive correlation was found between the relative abundance of the genus Sutterella and daytime dysfunction. Furthermore, comparisons between MA users and HCs revealed differences in beta diversity and relative abundances of various bacterial taxa.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the study investigated alterations in the gut microbiota among MA users. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the genus Sutterella changes may be associated with daytime dysfunction, suggesting that the genus Sutterella may be a biomarker for bad sleep quality in MA users.
We evaluated the utility of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) samples from 16 consecutive patients undergoing routine evaluation of fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD). Next to routine pathology examination, 1 to 2 TBLC samples were prepared for TEM analysis and evaluated using a Zeiss LEO EM 910. Subpleural cryobiopsies and unfrozen excision biopsies from fresh lobectomy tissue of non-ILD lung cancer patients served as controls. TEM provided high-quality images with only minor cryoartifacts as compared to controls. Furthermore, in several ILD patients we found marked microvascular endothelial abnormalities like luminal pseudopodia-like protrusions and inner surface defects. These were extensively present in four (25%), moderately present in seven (43.8%), and largely absent in five (31.3%) patients. A higher degree of TEM endothelial abnormalities was associated with younger age, non-specific interstitial pneumonia pattern, higher broncho-alveolar lavage lymphocyte count, positive autoantibodies, and lower spirometry, diffusion capacity and oxygenation biomarkers. We conclude that TEM evaluation of TBLC samples from ILD patients is feasible, while the observed microvascular alterations warrant further evaluation.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There are different criteria for the diagnosis of different variants of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). The 2021 European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society (EAN/PNS) guidelines provide specific clinical criteria for each CIDP variant even if their therapeutical impact has not been investigated.
METHODS: We applied the clinical criteria for CIDP variants of the 2021 EAN/PNS guidelines to 369 patients included in the Italian CIDP database who fulfilled the 2021 EAN/PNS electrodiagnostic criteria for CIDP.
RESULTS: According to the 2021 EAN/PNS clinical criteria, 245 patients achieved a clinical diagnosis of typical CIDP or CIDP variant (66%). We identified 106 patients with typical CIDP (29%), 62 distal CIDP (17%), 28 multifocal or focal CIDP (7%), four sensory CIDP (1%), 27 sensory-predominant CIDP (7%), 10 motor CIDP (3%), and eight motor-predominant CIDP (2%). Patients with multifocal, distal, and sensory CIDP had milder impairment and symptoms. Patients with multifocal CIDP had less frequently reduced conduction velocity and prolonged F-wave latency and had lower levels of cerebrospinal fluid protein. Patients with distal CIDP more frequently had reduced distal compound muscle action potentials. Patients with motor CIDP did not improve after steroid therapy, whereas those with motor-predominant CIDP did. None of the patients with sensory CIDP responded to steroids, whereas most of those with sensory-predominant CIDP did.
CONCLUSIONS: The 2021 EAN/PNS criteria for CIDP allow a better characterization of CIDP variants, permitting their distinction from typical CIDP and more appropriate treatment for patients.
Objective.Cachexia is a devastating condition, characterized by involuntary loss of muscle mass with or without loss of adipose tissue mass. It affects more than half of patients with lung cancer, diminishing treatment effects and increasing mortality. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, routinely acquired during radiotherapy treatment, might contain valuable anatomical information for monitoring body composition changes associated with cachexia. For this purpose, we propose an automatic artificial intelligence (AI)-based workflow, consisting of CBCT to CT conversion, followed by segmentation of pectoralis muscles.Approach.Data from 140 stage III non-small cell lung cancer patients was used. Two deep learning models, cycle-consistent generative adversarial network (CycleGAN) and contrastive unpaired translation (CUT), were used for unpaired training of CBCT to CT conversion, to generate synthetic CT (sCT) images. The no-new U-Net (nnU-Net) model was used for automatic pectoralis muscle segmentation. To evaluate tissue segmentation performance in the absence of ground truth labels, an uncertainty metric (UM) based on Monte Carlo dropout was developed and validated.Main results.Both CycleGAN and CUT restored the Hounsfield unit fidelity of the CBCT images compared to the planning CT (pCT) images and visually reduced streaking artefacts. The nnU-Net model achieved a Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 0.93, 0.94, 0.92 for the CT, sCT and CBCT images, respectively, on an independent test set. The UM showed a high correlation with DSC with a correlation coefficient of -0.84 for the pCT dataset and -0.89 for the sCT dataset.Significance.This paper shows a proof-of-concept for automatic AI-based monitoring of the pectoralis muscle area of lung cancer patients during radiotherapy treatment based on CBCT images, which provides an unprecedented time resolution of muscle mass loss during cachexia progression. Ultimately, the proposed workflow could provide valuable information for early intervention of cachexia, ideally resulting in improved cancer treatment outcome.
This is an observational study with focus on existing pregnancy reporting forms (retrospective part) and a patient's questionnaire which is completed at a single point of time (prospective part). Main data source for the retrospective data (from 2014 until December 2019) will be captured from multiple sclerosis service-center (MSSC) database, i.e. the entered pregnancy report (to be completed as soon as pregnancy becomes known) and pregnancy outcomes report (to be completed after completion of pregnancy).

Prospective data (December 2020 to 31 March 2021) will be captured as standardized ePDF questionnaire completed during telephone interview. If the pregnancy report or the pregnancy outcome report is incomplete, i.e. the data above was not collected, the open questions will be addressed during a telephone interview performed by the MSSC and the new information will be entered into the MSCC database. The patient questionnaire will be completed at a single point of time during the telephone interview performed by the MSSC.
Participants received MK-8457 100 mg dosed twice daily (BID) orally with MTX at the stable dose received upon study enrollment. Phase IIa lasted up to 24 weeks.