anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Pimobendan is not currently approved for use in cats, although its usefulness in feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has been suggested. Reports indicate an increase in arrhythmic events following oral administration to healthy cats. Given the greater potency of intravenous administration compared to oral intake, it is conceivable that the incidence of arrhythmias may be increased following pimobendan injection. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the proarrhythmic effects of pimobendan injection in cats. Five clinically healthy cats underwent physical examination, echocardiography, blood pressure measurements, and 24-hour Holter electrocardiography immediately before and after receiving pimobendan as an intravenous bolus dose of 0.15 mg/kg twice daily for 3 days. Additionally, a 24-hour Holter electrocardiography recording was conducted on the third day of pimobendan or placebo IV administration to assess heart rate, arrhythmias, and heart rate variability. Following pimobendan administration, there was a significant increase in total 24-hour heart rate. Echocardiography revealed a significant increase in mitral valve annulus systolic velocity (S') on the ventricular septal wall side, indicative of enhanced contractility. Only one cat exhibited paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia and an increase in the frequency of arrhythmic events. Conversely, in the remaining cats, a decreasing trend in the number of arrhythmias was observed. These findings indicate that intravenous administration of pimobendan may not be implicated in the onset of arrhythmias. Nevertheless, further research is warranted to explore the effects of intravenous pimobendan administration in cats with myocardial disease.
The increasing use of CT has prompted the development of new scanning protocols which reduce radiation doses to patients and minimise the likelihood of radiation related morbidity. The use of disease specific low-dose CT examinations is an emerging method of limiting radiation doses.

Research conducted in Cork University Hospital(CUH) by the current authors has identified a pressing need to reduce radiation doses in patients with IBD. A retrospective study of radiation doses in patients with Crohn's disease demonstrated that increasing numbers of CT exams are performed with average cumulative effective doses rising from 7.9 to 25mSv when the first 5-years of the 15 year study period were compared with the final 5-years. Eight-five percent of the dose during the final 5-year period was due to CT. Younger patients with more severe disease requiring surgery or steroids were more likely to undergo an increased number of exams. 15.5% of patients received cumulative effective doses of greater than 75mSv. This quantity of radiation exposure is associated with a 7.3% increase in mortality from cancer. In addition, patients with Crohn's disease are inherently predisposed to gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary carcinoma and small bowel lymphoma.

As an alternative to CT, IBD patients are frequently imaging with conventional abdominal radiography. The effective dose of a conventional abdominal radiograph (CAR) is approximately 10% that of a standard abdominal CT varying between 0.7 -0.1mSv. The current authors have also investigated the value of CAR. We retrospectively examined over 500 CAR's performed over a 16 year period in patients with IBD. Patients had an average of 3.5 CAR's performed but there were positive findings in less than 30% of exams. Many of these findings were non-specific requiring further investigation. For example separation of bowel loops on a plain radiograph has a wide differential diagnosis including abscess formation, presence of a phlegmonous mass, fibrofatty proliferation, bowel wall thickening and lymphadenopathy.

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease referred to CUH will undergo a modified abdominal CT protocol. The radiation dose of a standard CT abdomen and pelvis will be divided into 2 quotients. Patients will have a low-dose CT scan requiring approximately 10% of the dose of a standard abdominal CT. This equates to the radiation dose of a conventional abdominal radiograph. Patients will be imaged with a second CT exam using 90% of the standard abdominal CT dose ensuring a diagnostic study is acquired. Patients will be given oral and intravenous contrast agents as for a standard CT. Patients will have a C-reactive protein measured on the day of CT and will have their heights and weights also measured at the time of scanning. Patients will have a plain film of abdomen performed prior to CT.
Participants complete a questionnaire at baseline. Participants undergo collection of blood samples at registration and at 12 months after registration. Patients with a cancer diagnosis may undergo collection of tissue samples at registration and 12 months after registration.
A 65-year-old man presented to the emergency department with the complaints of left anterior chest and back pain, numbness in the left medial arm, and weakness in the left hand grip. Myocardial infarction was suspected, but later ruled out, and the patient was subsequently referred to our department. Among the intrinsic muscles, the left abductor pollicis brevis was the most severely weakened, and there was a sensory disturbance in the left T1 region and left Horner's sign. An MRI T2-weighted image of the cervical spine showed a herniated disc on the left lateral side at the T1/2 level, suggesting compression of the T1 nerve root. Cervical angina is a rare, angina-like anterior chest pain due to cervical spine diseases. It is often reported in patients with C6 and C7 radiculopathy. The most severe weakness in the abductor pollicis brevis muscle in T1 radiculopathy is important to distinguish it from C8 radiculopathy.
Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and CT-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) provide high diagnostic accuracy for coronary artery disease (CAD), consistent with invasive coronary angiography (ICA), the gold standard diagnostic technique. The presence of calcified components, however, complicates the interpretation of coronary stenosis severity. We present a case where there was a discrepant assessment of coronary stenosis severity between CCTA/FFRCT (indicating significant obstructive CAD) and ICA (showing no apparent obstructive CAD). CCTA/FFRCT revealed that the stenotic lesion, located in the middle segment of the left circumflex artery, was surrounded by plaque components. The proximal and distal portions of the stenotic lesion consisted of 80.9% luminal volume, 0.2% low-attenuation plaque, 13.4% intermediate-attenuation plaque, and 5.5% calcified plaque. In contrast, the stenotic lesion itself contained 50.0% luminal volume, 0.3% low-attenuation plaque, 26.7% intermediate-attenuation plaque, and 22.9% calcified plaque. Invasive coronary angiography showed no apparent obstructive CAD, implying that the lesions appearing as significant obstructive CAD on CCTA/FFRCT were likely overestimated due to the effects of extravascular calcified plaque. Advanced extravascular calcified plaque surrounding the lesion may cause several artifacts (such as blooming and/or beam hardening artifacts) and/or vasodilator dysfunction (either organic and/or functional), potentially leading to an overestimation of the severity of coronary stenosis in CCTA/FFRCT assessments.
Disclosed is an oral health care formulation comprising: from about 60 to 70 wt. % of sodium bicarbonate; from about 0.5 to 5 wt. % of a blend of natural ingredients comprising echinacea, myrrh, chamomile, rhatany and sage; from about 0.5 to 5 wt. % of a flavoring oil; and a stabilising combination of from 0.3 to 3 wt. % of a xanthan gum binder, from 0.5 to 5 wt. % of at least one betaine surfactant and from 5 to 10 wt. % of at least one humectant consisting of glycerin or glycerin and sorbitol. The formulationas disclosed is stable to degradation and resistant to syneresis, and may further comprise a fluoride source.
Sleep timing is an important output of the circadian system. The COVID-19-mandated social restrictions significantly altered commuting time and sleep duration regionally in Japan. This study aimed to elucidate sleep patterns, especially chronotype and social jetlag (SJL), due to changes in social time pressure through the social restrictions between the Metropolitan and Regional areas in Japan. As part of the Global Chrono Corona Survey 2020 (GCCS), the data were collected during social restrictions (SR), but pre-COVID-19 behaviours were also queried retrospectively. We analyzed a cohort of 729 respondents representing both the Metropolitan and the Regional areas separately for workdays and work-free days. While the areas showed no difference in SJL before SR, the differential decrease was larger in the Metropolitan area during SR, resulting in a significant difference in SJL between the areas. The outdoor light exposure before SR was 30 min longer in the Metropolitan areas than in the Regional; during SR both areas showed similarly low (below 1 h) outdoor light exposures. The variables associated with decreased SJL were the Metropolitan areas, work-from-home, a no-usage alarm clock on workdays, and chronotypes (mid-sleep time on free days corrected for sleep deficit accumulated over the workweek, MSFsc) during SR. The results suggest that relaxed social schedules, as reflected in the increased frequency of work-from-home and reduced alarm clock use, and moving towards earlier MSFsc during SR were linked to decreased SJL and were more prominent in the Metropolitan areas. This study provides insights into sleep patterns and the social time pressure markers, by comparison between residential groups in Japan.
The present invention introduces a method for guiding an optimal stretching time to a user (102) who has a wearable electronic device (104) and a mobile communication device (106) for measuring a set of measurement data comprising activity data of the user (102). The determination logic, implemented e.g. in a form of a server (108), takes age and gender into account, and determines a stretching index based on the activity of the user (102). The optimal stretching time may be alerted, with stretching guidance, to the user (102). Sleep can be taken into account as well. The system measures whether the actual stretching is done. Sleep is further analyzed, so the effect of the stretching can be monitored and this information can be given back to the user (102) via the mobile communication device (106). Stretching guides can be updated as well. The wearable electronic device (104) can be a ring device.
INTRODUCTION: The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) is the current diagnostic parameter for diagnosing and estimating the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). It is, however, poorly associated with the main clinical symptom of OSA, excessive daytime sleepiness, and with the often-seen cognitive decline among OSA patients. To better evaluate OSA severity, novel hypoxic load parameters have been introduced that consider the duration and depth of oxygen saturation drops associated with apneas or hypopneas. The aim of this paper was to compare novel hypoxic load parameters and traditional OSA parameters to verbal memory and executive function in OSA patients.
METHOD: A total of 207 adults completed a one-night polysomnography at sleep laboratory and two neuropsychological assessments, the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and Stroop test.
RESULTS: Simple linear regression analyses were used to evaluate independent associations between each OSA parameter and cognitive performance. Associations were found between immediate recall and arousal index, hypoxia <90 %, average SpO2 during sleep, and DesSev100+RevSev100. Total recall was associated with all OSA parameters, and no associations were found with the Stroop test. Subsequently, sex, age, and education were included as covariates in multiple linear regression analyses for each OSA parameter and cognitive performance. The main findings of the study were that average SpO2 during sleep was a significant predictor of total recall (p < .007, β = -.188) with the regression model explaining 21.2 % of performance variation. Average SpO2 during sleep was also a significant predictor of immediate recall (p < .022, β = -.171) with the regression model explaining 11.4 % of performance variation. Neither traditional OSA parameters nor novel hypoxic load parameters predicted cognitive performance after adjustment for sex, age, and education.
CONCLUSION: The findings validate that the AHI is not an effective indicator of cognitive performance in OSA and suggest that average oxygen saturation during sleep may be the strongest PSG predictor of cognitive decline seen in OSA. The results also underline the importance of considering age when choosing neurocognitive tests, the importance of including more than one test for each cognitive domain as most tests are not pure measures of a single cognitive factor, and the importance of including tests that cover all cognitive domains as OSA is likely to have diffuse cognitive effects.
The involved professions and the patient representatives unanimously recommend as primary endpoint for this study the proposed disease specific outcome measure: symptom relief measured on a VAS and PGI-I scale. This clinical outcome parameter can be reliable assessed within 6 months after the CA release (1, 9, 10). A two years follow up is suggested to extinguish the positive effect of attention in the diagnostic phase (11).

This study design allows for patient and observer blinding and for the sham group the eCAR approach is still feasible if the CARoSO outcome support this without applying additional scar tissue. A sham operation without skin incisions results in unblinding for the patient and the observer and thus undermines the basis of the evidential value of this study. There are no known cases where irreversible damage such as the intestinal infarction has occurred due to not treating this condition. Possible risks of not treating are continuous (pain) complaints and weight loss. The patients who undergo the sham operation and who still have complaints after unblinding of the study and proven effectivity of eCAR can still undergo the endoscopic AC release.
OBJECTIVE: Patients with psychotic diseases have been reported to exhibit abnormalities in their olfactory discrimination. These alterations have also been identified in people at high genetic or clinical risk for psychosis, suggesting olfactory discrimination dysfunction may be a potential risk factor for developing psychosis. Thus, the purpose of our study is to explore the difference in olfactory discrimination ability in the prosal stage and early stage of psychosis and to explore the potential risk factor of developed psychosis.
METHODS: We compared olfactory identification and cognitive function in 89 ultra-high-risk (UHR) individuals, 103 individuals with Drug-naïve first-episode schizophrenia (FES), 81 genetic high-risk (GHR) individuals, and 97 healthy controls (HC). Additionally, we compared olfactory identification and cognitive function between two groups; UHR individuals who later transitioned to psychosis (UHR-T; n = 33) and those who did not transition (UHR-NT; n = 42)). Furthermore, we analyzed the correlations between olfactory discrimination ability and cognitive function and symptoms and compared the olfactory function between men and women.
RESULTS: Patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FES) and those at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis exhibited more significant deficits in olfactory identification than healthy controls (HC), while no differences in olfactory identification dysfunction were observed between the genetic high risk (GHR) and HC groups. Notably, individuals in the UHR group who later developed psyhchosis displayed a steeper marked decline in their baseline olfactory identification ability than that of those in the UHR group who did not develop psychosis. Cognitive dysfunction is widely observed in both the FES and UHR groups, with a distinct correlation identified between olfactory discrimination function and cognitive performance. Finally, overall, women exhibit significantly superior olfactory function than men.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, these findings suggest that impairment of olfactory identification exists in the early stage of psychosis. Olfactory identification dysfunction may therefore be a potential marker of predicting the transition to schizophrenia.
INTRODUCTION: This study investigated stem subsidence following primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) with a Corail stem in patients who underwent two-staged bilateral THA. The second outcome of interest was to investigate whether a specific single cortical bone contact point might reduce postoperative stem subsidence.
METHODS: The present study was conducted following the STROBE guidelines. The records of patients who underwent THA between 2016 and 2023 were accessed. All patients who underwent two-staged bilateral THA were retrieved. The direct contact between the stem and the cortical bone was assessed at various points in the metaphysis and the distal portion of the stem (diaphysis) in both anteroposterior radiographs of the pelvis (medial and lateral bone contact) and a Lauenstein view of the hip (anterior and posterior bone contact). The following parameters were measured and compared to assess stem subsidence: distance from the proximal femur at the stem bone interface and the tip of the lesser trochanter (distance A); distance from the tip of the lesser trochanter and the tip of the femoral stem (distance B).
RESULTS: In total, 250 patients were included, 45% (149 of 250 patients) were women and 61% (153 of 250 THAs) were implanted primarily on the right side. The mean age of patients at the time of the first THA was 64.3 ± 10.0 years and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 28.0 ± 4.9 kg/m2. The mean length of the follow-up was 14.1 ± 10.8 months. The overall stem subsidence following THA was 2.8 ± 0.7 mm (P < 0.006). A direct cortical bone-implant contact did not exert a statistically significant difference in subsidence of the THA stem at the metaphysis and diaphysis (P > 0.5). Stem subsidence following THA with a collarless cementless Corail stem was approximately 2.8 mm at 14 months.
CONCLUSIONS: Direct cortical bone contact of the stem at diaphysis and metaphysis seems not to influence stem subsidence following THA using the Corail stem.
Mild impairment, defined as having an eGFR 30-59 mL/min/1.73m\^2. All subjects received a single 33 mg/kg oral dose of deferiprone.
Methods and compositions for treating subjects having non-ACTH-secreting pancreatic tumors are disclosed. The method comprises administering to the subject a chemotherapeutic agent and a Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulator (GRM), preferably a Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulator (SGRM), to reduce the tumor burden in the subject. The GRM may be a non-steroidal GRM, and may be a non-steroidal SGRM. The non-ACTH secreting pancreatic tumor can be an exocrine pancreatic tumor. The non-steroidal SGRM may be a non-steroidal compound comprising the following structure: a fused azadecalin structure; a heteroaryl ketone fused azadecalin structure; or octahydro fused azadecalin structures. The invention discloses a pharmaceutical composition comprising a chemotherapeutic agent and a GRM. The GRM in such pharmaceutical compositions may be a non-steroidal GRM, and may be an SGRM, such as a non-steroidal SGRM. The non-steroidal SGRM may comprise: a fused azadecalin structure; a heteroaryl ketone fused azadecalin structure; or octahydro fused azadecalin structures.
Background: Most studies have demonstrated the high accuracy of ultrasound for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA) in children. However, the lack of visualization of the appendix on ultrasound is usually a challenge. The aim of this study was to identify any factors that might help the physician make the right decision when dealing with a child with suspected appendicitis and an appendix not seen on ultrasound. Patients and Methods: After receiving Institutional Review Board approval, we conducted a prospective study in a pediatric emergency department from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022. All children under 14 years of age with suspected AA and an appendix not visualized on ultrasound were included. Results: During the study period, 333 children presented with suspected AA. Of these patients, 106 had an appendix not seen on ultrasound. Our patients' median age was 10 years (interquartile range [IQR], 8-11 years), with 54.7% (n = 58) of children being female. Twenty-five (23.6%) were ultimately diagnosed with AA based on pathologic examination. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that Alvarado score ≥6 and increased peri-appendiceal fat echogenicity were predictive for AA. The combination of these two factors provided a positive predictive value of 100%. A white blood cell (WBC) count ≤10 × 109/L and/or a C-reactive protein (CRP) level ≤6 mg/L makes the diagnosis of appendicitis unlikely. Conclusions: In conclusion, our study demonstrated that an Alvarado score at or above six and increased peri-appendiceal fat echogenicity are independent predictive factors of AA in children with non-visualized appendix on ultrasound. The combination of these two factors would confirm the diagnosis of AA in these patients.
PURPOSE: To assess the onset, treatment frequency, and visual outcome of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment due to secondary choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in patients with pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE).
DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study METHODS: One-hundred six eyes of 53 patients with PXE were analyzed. The assessment of CNV activity relied on hemorrhage visible on funduscopy and intra- / subretinal fluid on optical coherence tomography (OCT), individually defining a shortening or extension of treatment interval. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at baseline, age at anti-VEGF therapy initiation, and BCVA-drop events at exudation onset (worsening of BCVA of 2 or more lines) were documented. Further, we assessed the number of injections during the first year and the total number of injections, the time to treatment initiation of the fellow eye, and BCVA over time.
RESULTS: During a median observation period of 77 months (IQR 49; 126) patients received a median number of 28.0 anti-VEGF-injections (IQR 9.8; 43.5). Eight patients received no injection (median age at baseline 38.1 years), 11 patients underwent anti-VEGF treatment in one eye (median age 47.2 years) and 34 patients in both eyes (median age 51.8 years). The median age at the first anti-VEGF treatment was 52.80 years (IQR 47.2-57.6). Applying Cox regression models, the median "survival" time of fellow eye until treatment initiation was 16.8 months. In the group of bilateral treated patients, the median time difference was 9.6 months (IQR 2.1- 32.4, range 0-122) The median number of injections was 5.5 per eye in the first year of treatment (IQR 3-7) and was associated with the total number of injections in the observation period (2.33, CI 1.22-3.44, P < .001). A better BCVA at the last follow-up visit was associated with a better baseline BCVA (P < .001, R2 = 0.318) and with the absence of a BCVA drop at the onset of exudation (P = 0.035, R2 = 0.339).
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that anti-VEGF treatment is required for most PXE patients at a relatively young age. Once treatment in one eye is initiated, the time to fellow eye treatment is relatively short. A BCVA drop before treatment initiation is a risk factor for worse visual outcomes, suggesting that treatment is prudent before exudation affects the central retina. Given the young age of onset and intensive treatment needs, patients with PXE might particularly benefit from longer-acting anti-VEGF therapeutics.
The duration of the exercise intervention is eight (8) weeks. There will be guided endurance and muscle power training two (2) time weekly. The participants will also be provided with one training program per week for use at home. Data on training at home and other items of physical activity is recorded in a diary.