anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride) is used by virtually all neonatal intensive care units to periodically irrigate the endotracheal tube of neonates who require mechanical ventilation. This practice is intended to reduce the risk that thick secretions will occlude the endotracheal tube. Normal saline is also occasionally used to periodically clear the nasal passages of neonates on nasal CPAP or nasal canula oxygen. It is also occasionally used as a means of periodically moistening the mouth of neonates who have an endotracheal tube in place, because the tube prevents lip apposition and results in a dry mouth.

The problem with the current method of using normal saline for periodic endotracheal, nasal, and/or oral care is that high concentrations of sodium and chloride have recently been found to rapidly and completely inactivate the natural antimicrobial properties of tracheal effluent, nasal secretions, and saliva. Tracheal secretions, nasal secretions, and saliva contain potent antibacterial substances. One such that was recently described is a 37 amino acid peptide with widespread antimicrobial properties, termed "LL-37". It has recently been shown that 0.9% saline inactivates the antimicrobial properties of LL-37 and significantly damages the overall antibacterial actions of tracheal secretions, nasal secretions, and saliva. Further research has shown that the high sodium and chloride content of saliva of patients with cystic fibrosis inactivates the antimicrobial properties, thus partly explaining the high incidence of airway infections in these patients. Moreover, a family with deficient LL-37 has been described in Sweden, and these individual all have chronic gingivostomatitis and airway infections. Therefore, our current practice of instilling 0.9% sodium chloride likely inactivates the major innate anti-microbial defense system of the upper airway. Perhaps reducing immune capacity in the upper airway with this practice unwittingly contributes to the high incidence of upper airway infections among intubated neonates.
This meta-analysis aims to comprehensively assess the impact of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) on wound infection in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). A systematic search was conducted, from database inception to November 2023, in EMBASE, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing LRP with open radical prostatectomy (ORP) in the treatment of PCa. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data and conducted quality assessments based on pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Stata 17.0 software was employed for data analysis. Overall, 15 RCTs involving 1458 PCa patients were included. The analysis revealed the incidence of wound infection (odds ratio [OR] = 0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.16-0.51, p < 0.001) and complications (OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.20-0.37, p < 0.001) was significantly lower in the LRP group compared to the ORP group. This study demonstrates that LRP in PCa patients can effectively reduce the incidence of wound infections and complications, indicating significant therapeutic efficacy and justifying its broader clinical application.
Catathrenia is a loud expiratory moan during sleep that is a social embarrassment and is sometimes confused with central apnea on polysomnography. It affects about 4% of adults, but cases are rarely referred to sleep centers. Catathrenia affects males and females, children and adults, who are usually young and thin. A "typical" catathrenia begins with a deep inhalation, followed by a long, noisy exhalation, then a short, more pronounced exhalation, followed by another deep inhalation, often accompanied by arousal. The many harmonics of the sound indicate that it is produced by the vocal cords. It is often repeated in clusters, especially during REM sleep and at the end of the night. It does not disturb the sleepers, but their neighbors, and is associated with excessive daytime sleepiness in one-third of cases. The pathophysiology and treatment of typical catathrenia are still unknown. Later, a more atypical catathrenia was described, consisting of episodes of short (2 s), regular, semi-continuous expiratory moans during NREM sleep (mainly in stages N1 and N2) and REM sleep, often in people with mild upper airway obstruction. This atypical catathrenia is more commonly reduced by positive airway pressure and mandibular advancement devices that promote vertical opening.
Retinal neovascular disease is the leading reason of vision impairment in all ages. Here, we figured out the function and mechanism of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3PUFAs) in hypoxia-induced retinal neovascularization by focusing on microglial pyroptosis. Microglia BV-2 cells were given ω-3PUFAs treatment and co-cultured with mouse retinal microvascular endothelial cells (MRMECs) under hypoxia. Tube formation assay, transwell assay and wound healing assay were utilized to monitor the MRMEC angiogenesis. Cell counting kit-8, western blot, lactate dehydrogenase assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to assess pyroptosis of BV-2 cells. RNA sequencing and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation-polymerase chain reaction were utilized to identify the target gene of methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) and its N6-methyladenosine (m6A) level in BV-2 cells. BV-2 cells prominently enhanced MRMEC angiogenesis under hypoxia, but this effect was abolished after ω-3PUFAs treatment. ω-3PUFAs inhibited pyroptosis in hypoxia-induced BV-2 cells, and BV-2 cell pyroptosis boosted angiogenesis of MRMECs. Additionally, ω-3PUFAs markedly augment the expression of MELLL14 in BV-2 cells, and METTL14 knockdown promoted BV-2 cell pyroptosis and BV-2 cell-mediated angiogenesis in MEMECs. Mechanistically, interferon beta 1 (IFNB1) was a target of METTL14, and METTL14 silencing increased the mRNA expression and decreased the m6A modification of IFNB1 in BV-2 cells. Our results uncovered that ω-3PUFAs diminished hypoxia-induced retinal neovascularization through controlling microglial pyroptosis via METTL14-mediated m6A modification. This study offers a novel potential target for the treatment of retinal neovascular diseases.
BACKGROUND: Upper limb motor impairment commonly occurs after stroke, impairing quality of life. Brain network reorganization likely differs between subgroups with differing impairment severity. This study explored differences in functional connectivity (FC) and corticospinal tract (CST) integrity between patients with mild/moderate versus severe hemiplegia poststroke to clarify the neural correlates underlying motor deficits.
METHOD: Sixty chronic stroke patients with upper limb motor impairment were categorized into mild/moderate and severe groups based on Fugl-Meyer scores. Resting-state FC was assessed using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to compare connectivity patterns between groups across motor regions. CST integrity was evaluated by inducing motor evoked potentials (MEP) via transcranial magnetic stimulation.
RESULTS: Compared to the mild/moderate group, the severe group exhibited heightened premotor cortex-primary motor cortex (PMC-M1) connectivity (t = 4.56, p < 0.01). Absence of MEP was also more frequent in the severe group (χ2 = 12.31, p = 0.01). Bayesian models effectively distinguished subgroups and identified the PMC-M1 connection as highly contributory (accuracy = 91.30%, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.86).
CONCLUSION: Distinct patterns of connectivity and corticospinal integrity exist between stroke subgroups with differing impairments. Strengthened connectivity potentially indicates recruitment of additional motor resources to compensate for damage. These findings elucidate the neural correlates underlying motor deficits poststroke and could guide personalized, network-based therapies targeting predictive biomarkers to improve rehabilitation outcomes.
Risk Summary

Available data from a lactation study in 12 adult women indicate that brexanolone is transferred to breastmilk in nursing mothers. However, the relative infant dose (RID) is low, 1% to 2% of the maternal weight-adjusted dosage  (see Data). Also, as ZULRESSO has low oral bioavailability (<5%) in adults, infant exposure is expected to be low. There were no reports of effects of ZULRESSO on milk production. There are no data on the effects of ZULRESSO on a breastfed infant. Available data on the use of ZULRESSO during lactation do not suggest a significant risk of adverse reactions to breastfed infants from exposure to ZULRESSO. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for ZULRESSO and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from ZULRESSO or from the underlying maternal condition.

Data

A study was conducted in twelve healthy adult lactating women treated with intravenous ZULRESSO according to the recommended 60-hour dosing regimen (maximum dosage was 90 mcg/kg/hour). Concentrations of ZULRESSO in breast milk were at low levels (<10 ng/mL) in >95% of women by 36 hours after the end of the infusion of ZULRESSO. The calculated maximum relative infant dose for ZULRESSO during the infusion was 1% to 2%.
Forensic pathology increasingly uses postmortem magnetic resonance imaging (PMMRI), particularly in pediatric cases. It should be noted that each (sudden and unexpected) death of an infant or child should have a forensic approach as well. Current postmortem imaging protocols do not focus adequately on forensic queries. First, it is important to demonstrate or rule out bleeding, especially in the brain. Thus, when incorporating PMMRI, a blood sensitive sequence (T2* and/or susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI)) should always be included. Secondly, as intracranial air might mimic small focal intracerebral hemorrhages, PMMRI should be preceded by postmortem CT (PMCT) since air is easily recognizable on CT. This will be illustrated by a case of a deceased 3-week-old baby. Finally, note that postmortem scans will often be interpreted by clinical radiologists, sometimes with no specific training, which makes this case report relevant for a broader audience.
Systematic determination of novel variant pathogenicity remains a major challenge, even when there is an established association between a gene and phenotype. Here we present Power Window (PW), a sliding window technique that identifies the impactful regions of a gene using population-scale clinico-genomic datasets. By sizing analysis windows on the number of variant carriers, rather than the number of variants or nucleotides, statistical power is held constant, enabling the localization of clinical phenotypes and removal of unassociated gene regions. The windows can be built by sliding across either the nucleotide sequence of the gene (through 1D space) or the positions of the amino acids in the folded protein (through 3D space). Using a training set of 350k exomes from the UK Biobank (UKB), we developed PW models for well-established gene-disease associations and tested their accuracy in two independent cohorts (117k UKB exomes and 65k exomes sequenced at Helix in the Healthy Nevada Project, myGenetics, or In Our DNA SC studies). The significant models retained a median of 49% of the qualifying variant carriers in each gene (range 2%-98%), with quantitative traits showing a median effect size improvement of 66% compared with aggregating variants across the entire gene, and binary traits' odds ratios improving by a median of 2.2-fold. PW showcases that electronic health record-based statistical analyses can accurately distinguish between novel coding variants in established genes that will have high phenotypic penetrance and those that will not, unlocking new potential for human genomics research, drug development, variant interpretation, and precision medicine.
The prevalence of childhood obesity as a chronic disease is rapidly increasing all over the world, including low- and middle-income countries. Literature highlights that approximately 40.1 million children worldwide are overweight and, at the same time, overweight and obesity are rapidly increasing in almost every country in the world with no signs of slowing down. According to data, it is reported that the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children has increased from 4% to 18% in the last 41 years, and the number of obese school-age children has increased from 11 million to 124 million and has increased more than 10 times. Published reports state that Turkey's childhood obesity risk score is between 70-80%. It is reported that 30% of obese children become obese when they reach adulthood. In this context, identifying and treating individuals with childhood obesity is of great importance. The basic approach in childhood obesity, which is very difficult to treat, is to focus on changeable factors such as daily physical activity and healthy nutrition in an integrated manner. Although it has been proven in the literature that healthy nutrition and physical activity strategies are effective on obesity management, it has been stated that stabilization of this management is difficult. In addition, it is advocated that a holistic approach is required in obesity management to improve long-term results and maintain fitness. Yoga, used in today's obesity, has gained increasing popularity as a mind-body practice. Yoga mind and body movement approaches have the potential to offer a holistic approach to maintaining wellness. Yoga, a lifestyle-based form of physical exercise for health and wellness, emphasizes low physical impact postures (asana), breathwork (pranayama) and meditation (dhyana), regular body stretching, mind-body awareness, and mindful concentration. The literature has reported that yoga could reduce body mass index (BMI) in overweight/obese individuals. Another study reported that regular yoga practice is associated with weight-related health behaviors that may facilitate healthy weight management, such as healthy eating and moderate or vigorous physical activity. It has been concluded in the literature that yoga reduces the BMI values of obese children and that regular yoga practices may make it easier to prevent weight gain. Although the study results show that yoga-based interventions are promising on child obesity well-designed randomized controlled studies on this subject are needed. This study was planned to examine the effects of a healthy nutrition and yoga program given to obese children on nutritional behavior, physical activity and anthropometric measurements.
After obtaining the consent of the pregnant women, the Personal Information Form and VAS scale were applied. The experimental group was asked to score the VAS scale as soon as nausea started and was practiced chewing vitamin C gum for 30-60 minutes. Pregnant women in the experimental group were asked to score the VAS scale at 60 and 120 minutes after chewing gum.
The invention relates to medicine and pharmacology, and more particularly to a method for treating and preventing atherosclerosis of major vessels (of the brain, heart and lower limbs) and the aorta using a pharmaceutical agent which contains a therapeutic protein/peptide preparation. The present method comprises administering parenterally or intranasally to a patient a therapeutic preparation in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The therapeutic preparation includes a protein/peptide complex obtained from embryonic brain tissue of cattle and contains negatively charged and neutral proteins and polypeptides with an average molecular mass of from 5 to 200 kDa. The pharmaceutical preparation may additionally contain an immunomodulatory and stimulatory component in the form of hydrolyzed polynucleotides in the form of Na salts of DNA obtained from the milt of sturgeon or salmon. As pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, the preparation contains a diluent, including a saline or buffered saline solution, and possibly various adjuvants. Depending on the severity of the illness (atherosclerosis, site of vessel damage), the preparation is administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intravenously, by slow bolus or intranasally in different cycles with the preparation containing 0.01-0.7 mg of protein/peptide complex or protein/peptide/polynucleotide complex in a physiologically acceptable carrier, for example a diluent. The invention provides for reverse cholesterol transport and increases the effectiveness of atherosclerosis treatment and prevention.
The energy intake of study patients is 1800 kcal per day. Study patients in high GI meal containing 55% carbohydrate group take 55% carbohydrate white rice diet.
The repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is used in pain treatment for several years. The latest meta-analysis showed that rTMS has not prove its scientific efficacy. It could be explained by several reasons: poor methodologic quality, stimulations parameters, technologic hardware, ... The aim of the study is to assess, in a rigorous scientific protocol, analgesic effect of the neuronavigated rTMS assisted by robotic arm on chronic neuropathic painful subjects. The crossover study is randomized, double blinded and controlled (sham rTMS) and it includes a large homogeneous population suffering of central neuropathic pain. The stimulated region is the primary motor cortex with high frequency (20Hz). This study has two periods (real and sham) of 12 weeks with four sessions of stimulation per period and 8 weeks of washout between the two.
Background: Adults with advanced cancer experience profound future uncertainty, reflected in elevated fear of cancer progression (FoP) and cancer-related trauma symptoms. These symptoms are associated with physical symptom burden and poorer quality of life, and few interventions exist to manage them. Objective: To develop and pilot a written exposure-based coping intervention (EASE) focused on worst-case scenarios among adults with advanced cancer reporting elevated cancer-related trauma symptoms or FoP. Design: A single-arm intervention development and pilot trial. Participants: The trial enrolled 29 U.S. adults with stage III or stage IV solid tumor cancer (n = 24) or incurable or higher-risk blood cancer (n = 5) reporting elevated cancer-related trauma symptoms or FoP. Among those screened, 74% were eligible, with an eligible-to-enrolled rate of 85%. Design/Measurements: EASE was delivered over five 1:1 videoconferencing sessions. Feasibility and acceptability were evaluated via attendance, surveys, and exit interviews. Outcomes were assessed at five time points through 3-month (FU1, main assessment of interest) and 4.5-month (FU2) follow-up. Results: Participant and interventionist feedback was used to iteratively refine EASE. Among participants, 86% (25/29) completed all five sessions and FU1; surveys and exit interviews indicated high acceptability. Primary outcomes of cancer-related trauma symptoms and FoP improved significantly from pre to both follow-ups by predominantly large effect sizes. Secondary outcomes of anxiety, depression, hopelessness, fear of death/dying, and fatigue, and most process measures improved significantly by FU1 or FU2. Conclusions: EASE, a novel adaptation of written exposure therapy, is a promising approach to reducing FoP and cancer-related trauma symptoms among adults with advanced cancer that warrants further study.
Vasoconstrictor Assay

Clobetasol propionate spray, 0.05% is in the super-high range of potency as demonstrated in a vasoconstrictor study in healthy subjects when compared with other topical corticosteroids. However, similar blanching scores do not necessarily imply therapeutic equivalence.

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis Suppression

The effect of clobetasol propionate spray, 0.05% on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function was investigated in adults in two studies. In the first study, patients with plaque psoriasis covering at least 20% of their body applied clobetasol propionate spray, 0.05% twice daily for up to 4 weeks. 15% (2 out of 13) of patients displayed adrenal suppression after 4 weeks of use based on the Cosyntropin Stimulation Test. The laboratory suppression was transient; all subjects returned to normal after cessation of drug use. In the second study, patients with plaque psoriasis covering at least 20% of their body applied clobetasol propionate spray, 0.05% twice daily for either 2 or 4 weeks. 19% (4 out of 21) of patients treated for 2 weeks and 20% (3 out of 15) of patients treated for 4 weeks displayed adrenal suppression at the end of treatment based on the Cosyntropin Stimulation Test. The laboratory suppression was transient; all subjects returned to normal after cessation of drug use. In these studies, HPA axis suppression was defined as serum cortisol level ≤ 18 mcg/dL 30-min post cosyntropin (ACTH 1 to 24) stimulation [see Warnings and Precautions (5)].
BACKGROUND: For abdominal fascial closure, the choice of optimal suture material and appropriate suture technique are of paramount importance to prevent the incidence of incisional hernia. Although barbed sutures are widely used in various surgical fields, their safety and feasibility on abdominal fascial closure which requires the most tensile strength for security have not been established yet.
METHODS: We conducted a prospective, single-arm, interventional clinical trial to present the postoperative outcomes of using barbed sutures in abdominal fascial closure between April 2021 and August 2021. Patients with colorectal cancer who underwent minimally invasive surgery in elective setting were included. For all participants, monofilament polydioxanone barbed suture, MONOFIX®, was used to secure the abdominal fasica. The primary outcome was the 1-year incidence of incisional hernia assessed by computed tomography.
RESULTS: A total of 30 patients were included. The median fascial incision length and suture length were 6.5 cm (range, 6-7.5 cm) and 31 cm (range, 27.5-39.0 cm), respectively. The median procedure time of abdominal fascial closure was 4 min (range, 3-9 min). There was no incidence of unexpected event related to suturing including suture cutting, stopper separation from threads, and suture loosening. One case of superficial surgical site infection occurred during postoperative hospital stays. There was no fascial dehiscence, incisional hernia, and adhesive ileus during a median follow-up period of 17.5 months.
CONCLUSION: Monofilament polydioxanone barbed suture, MONOFIX®, may be used safely and effectively on abdominal fascial closure.
GOV NUMBER: NCT05872334.
Resistance training: series of 3x8 repetitions will be performed for the quadriceps muscle at 70% of the 1 Repetition Maximum determined as the weight the patient can lift once over the full range of motion. The weight can be applied using free weights or using a classical multi-gym device or a quadriceps chair.
Acute overdosage with phendimetrazine tartrate may manifest itself by the following signs and symptoms: unusual restlessness, confusion, belligerence, hallucinations, and panic states. Fatigue and depression usually follow the central stimulation. Cardiovascular effects include tachycardia, arrhythmias, hypertension, or hypotension and circulatory collapse. Gastrointestinal symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. Poisoning may result in convulsions, coma, and death.

The management of acute overdosage is largely symptomatic. It includes lavage and sedation with a barbiturate. If hypertension is marked, the use of a nitrate or rapid-acting alpha receptor-blocking agent should be considered. Experience with hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is inadequate to permit recommendations for its use.

Chronic Intoxication

Manifestations of chronic intoxication with anorectic drugs include sever dermatoses, marked insomnia, irritability, hyperactivity and personality changes. The most server manifestation of chronic intoxications is psychosis, often clinically indistinguishable from schizophrenia. See Drug Abuse and Dependence.