anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), lymph node (LN) metastasis is associated with poor survival. Emerging evidence has demonstrated elevated CD8+ T-cell levels in metastatic LNs following immunotherapy and increased chemoresistance. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of CD8+ T cells in chemoresistant/metastatic patients have not been elucidated. Given that metastasis is linked to aberrant splicing patterns, transcripts with alternative splicing forms also play a critical role. With spatial transcriptomics (ST), spatial isoform transcriptomics (SiT), single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing, the spatial isoforms are analyzed quantitatively in human solid tumors and LNs. These isoforms are classified according to expression and spatial distribution patterns and proposed that the temporal heterogeneity in isoforms is attributed to isoform biogenesis dynamics. C1QC+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) contribute to the formation of metastases in the context of both immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Additionally, CD74 isoforms can be targeted by mRNA drugs, such as antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and RNA interference (RNAi), to prevent chemoresistance and metastasis. Overall, this work suggests that C1QC+ TAMs interact with CD8+ CXCL13+ Tex cells via enrichment with the CD74 isoform in the ESCC 's metastatic lymph node.
The extent and consequence of pentamidine accumulation following chronic inhalation therapy are not known. As a result, patients receiving NebuPent should be closely monitored for the development of serious adverse reactions that have occurred in patients receiving parenteral pentamidine, including hypotension, hypogly­cemia, hyperglycemia, hypocalcemia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, hepatic or renal dysfunction, ventricular tachycardia, pancre­atitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, hyperkalemia and abnormal ST segment of ECG.

Extrapulmonary infection with P. jiroveci has been reported infrequently. Most, but not all, of the cases have been reported in patients who have a history of PJP. The presence of extrapulmonary pneumocystosis should be considered when evaluating patients with unexplained signs and symptoms.

Cases of acute pancreatitis have been reported in patients receiving aerosolized pentamidine. NebuPent should be discontinued if signs or symptoms of acute pancreatitis develop.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the development of oral compositions consisting of multiple subunits presenting granules with prolonged effect and comprising tramadol or its physiologically tolerant salts and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable compound delaying release of active substance. Invention relates also to method of preparing such compositions. Invention provides preparing tramadol-containing compositions consisting of multiple subunits in simple and especially acceptable form for patients that are deprived of shortcomings typical for the known forms and provides delayed and good reproducible release of active substance. EFFECT: improved method of composition preparing. 15 cl, 14 tbl, 7 dwg, 7 ex
Methods for introducing recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) virions intro a cell or cells of a secretory gland are described. Recombinant AAV virions containing a heterologous gene are introduced into a duct of a secretory gland resulting in transduction of one or more secretory gland cells. Once a secretory gland cell is transduced by the rAAV virion, the heterologous gene is expressed and the expression product is then secreted. Exemplary examples of secretory glands are the liver, the submandibular gland, the parotid gland, and the sublingual gland. Using the methods of the invention, therapeutic levels of a protein are achieved. Methods for treating hemophilia are also disclosed.
PURPOSE:To obtain an immunosuppressor containing three kinds of monoclonal antibodies as the active components. CONSTITUTION:This immunosuppressor contains three kinds of monoclonal antibodies respectively having a specific activity on a human T-cell surface antigen, CD2, CD4 or CD8 as the active components. Since a mixture of three kinds of antibodies, i.e., CD2 antibody, CD4 antibody and CD8 antibody is used, a remarkable immunosuppressive effect is exhibited in comparison with the case of one of the antibodies alone or combination of two antibodies. Further, even in the case one of the antibodies unfavorably exhibits a T-cell growth activity when used by itself, this unfavorable activity can be suppressed by a synergistic effect. In addition, this immunosuppressor is free from a side effect caused by an activity on cells not taking part in an immunoreaction unlike a polyclonal antibody preparation. The mixture ratio of three kinds of monoclonal antibodies is determined so that the respective components may be within a range of 10 to 60wt.% based on 100wt.% whole mixture.
Study Design: A randomized, cross-over and double-blind study. Objective: To compare the pressure of 10 cmH2O and minimal effective pressure derived from manual titration on the effect of CPAP treatment in OSA. Methods: Patients with suspected OSA (age, body mass index and symptom) to be referred to a sleep centre were recruited. Patients with OSA confirmed by overnight full polysomnography (PSG) were invited to do standard overnight manual titration under PSG based on the Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) manual guidelines. Patients whose manual titration pressure lower than 10cmH2O and willing to participate in the study were invited to repeat two more nights (3th PSG and 4th PSG) under CPAP pressure at both 10cmH2O and the pressure derived from manual titration in random order. The sleep apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), obstructive sleep apnea index (OHI), arousal index (ArI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI), sleep structure, and treatment preference were to be observed.
Methods and compositions are disclosed for controlling expression of TNF  receptors (TNFRl and TNFR2) and of other receptors in the TNFR superfamily using compounds that modulate splicing of pre-mRNA encoding these receptors.  More specifically these compounds cause the removal of the transmembrane domains of these receptors and produce soluble forms of the receptor which act as an antagonist to reduce TNF-.alpha. activity or activity of the relevant ligand. Reducing TNF-.alpha. activity provides a method of treating or ameliorating inflammatory diseases or conditions associated with TNF-.alpha.  activity. Similarly, diseases associated with other ligands can be treated in like manner. In particular, the compounds of the invention are splice-splice switching oligomers (SSOs) which are small molecules that are stable in vivo, hybridize to the RNA in a sequence specific manner and, in conjunction with their target, are not degraded by RNAse H.
In addition to the adverse experiences reported during clinical testing of gabapentin, the following adverse experiences have been reported in patients receiving other formulations of marketed gabapentin. These adverse experiences have not been listed above and data are insufficient to support an estimate of their incidence or to establish causation. The listing is alphabetized: angioedema, blood glucose fluctuation, breast enlargement, bullous pemphigoid, elevated creatine kinase, elevated liver function tests, erythema multiforme, fever, hyponatremia, jaundice, movement disorder, Stevens-Johnson syndrome. 

Adverse events following the abrupt discontinuation of gabapentin immediate release have also been reported. The most frequently reported events were anxiety, insomnia, nausea, pain and sweating. 

There are postmarketing reports of life-threatening or fatal respiratory depression in patients taking gabapentin with opioids or other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, or in the setting of underlying respiratory impairment.
Patients receive oral erlotinib once daily. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
FIELD: veterinary science, biotechnology. SUBSTANCE: gamma-globulin is prepared from cattle serum blood (age is 1.5-2 years, weight is 250-280 kg). Hyperimmunization of animals with disease pathogen is carried out for two cycles at 30 days interval. During the first cycle antigen is administrated to animals at dose 4 ml for 3 days being dose consists of 1 ml fungus an aqueous suspension (50 mln/ml), 1 ml physiological solution and 2 ml 1% saponin solution. During the second cycle antigen is administrated to animals at dose 8 ml for 2 days being dose consists of 2 ml fungus an aqueous suspension, 2 ml solution and 4 ml 1% saponin solution. After 5 days of the second hyperimmunization cycle termination animals are subjected for bleeding. Hyperimmune serum is separated from obtained blood and pH is brought about at the range 6.9-7.2. Polyethylene glycol as 50% an aqueous solution is added to serum up to final concentration 20% and after 2 h exposition at 10 C serum is centrifuged at 2 500 rev/min for 30 min to isolate gamma-globulin followed by its lyophilization to provide its stability during storage. Before using dry gamma-globulin is diluted in 10 ml physiological solution. Gamma-globulin solution (10 ml) is administrated to sick horses by subcutaneous injection in site of lower one-third of neck (two-fold every other day). EFFECT: high activity and safety of preparation. 4 cl, 1 tbl
CNS Depressants: The concurrent use of other central nervous system (CNS) depressants including sedatives, hypnotics, general anesthetics, antiemetics, phenothiazines, or other tranquilizers or alcohol increases the risk of respiratory depression, hypotension, profound sedation, or coma. Use with caution and in reduced dosages in patients taking these agents.

Muscle Relaxants: Morphine may enhance the neuromuscular blocking action of skeletal muscle relaxants and produce an increased degree of respiratory depression.

Mixed Agonist/Antagonist Opioid Analgesics: Mixed agonist/antagonist analgesics (i.e., pentazocine, nalbuphine and butorphanol) should NOT be administered to patients who have received or are receiving a course of therapy with a pure opioid agonist analgesic. In these patients, mixed agonist/antagonist analgesics may reduce the analgesic effect and/or may precipitate withdrawal symptoms.

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs): MAOIs markedly potentiate the action of morphine. AVINZA should not be used in patients taking MAOIs or within 14 days of stopping such treatment.

Cimetidine: Concomitant administration of morphine and cimetidine has been reported to precipitate apnea, confusion and muscle twitching in an isolated report. Patients should be monitored for increased respiratory and CNS depression when receiving cimetidine concomitantly with AVINZA.

Food: AVINZA can be administered without regard to food. (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Food Effects).
Subcortical brain structures are involved in developmental, psychiatric and neurological disorders. Here we performed genome-wide association studies meta-analyses of intracranial and nine subcortical brain volumes (brainstem, caudate nucleus, putamen, hippocampus, globus pallidus, thalamus, nucleus accumbens, amygdala and the ventral diencephalon) in 74,898 participants of European ancestry. We identified 254 independent loci associated with these brain volumes, explaining up to 35% of phenotypic variance. We observed gene expression in specific neural cell types across differentiation time points, including genes involved in intracellular signaling and brain aging-related processes. Polygenic scores for brain volumes showed predictive ability when applied to individuals of diverse ancestries. We observed causal genetic effects of brain volumes with Parkinson's disease and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Findings implicate specific gene expression patterns in brain development and genetic variants in comorbid neuropsychiatric disorders, which could point to a brain substrate and region of action for risk genes implicated in brain diseases.
Previous studies have shown that chemotherapy has the same effect on treating breast cancer whether you receive it before or after surgery. Receiving chemotherapy before surgery, rather than after surgery, may allow you to have less extensive surgery by shrinking the size of your cancer. The purpose of this study is to assess if docetaxel and cytoxan can shrink the size of your breast tumor and allow you to preserve your breast or have less extensive surgery on your breast. Additionally, by receiving chemotherapy before surgery, we will be able to determine if your cancer is responsive to chemotherapy. Prior to entering this study, a special test, called the Oncotype DX assay, will be performed on a small amount of your cancer from the biopsy you had at the time you were diagnosed with breast cancer, to determine the likelihood that your cancer will benefit from and shrink with chemotherapy. You will only be eligible to enter this study if the recurrence score determined using the Oncotype DX assay is 25 or greater. Patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancers with recurrence scores greater than or equal to 25 have been previously demonstrated to obtain a significant benefit from chemotherapy given after surgery.

In addition, researchers would like to examine proteins present in your blood and proteins present in your breast tissue. These additional parts of the study are voluntary and are NOT required to participate in this study.
Infection with drug-resistant bacteria and the formation of biofilms are the main factors contributing to wound healing insufficiency. Antibacterial agents with enzyme-like properties have exhibited considerable potential for efficient eradication of drug-resistant microorganisms due to their superior sensitivities and minimal side effects. In this work, we prepared a kind of Fe-centered single-atom nanozyme (Fe-SAzyme) with high biocompatibility and stability via a facile one-pot hydrothermal method, which was suitable for the treatment of wounds infected with drug-resistant bacteria. The Fe-SAzyme exhibited remarkable peroxidase-like catalytic activities, catalyzing the conversion of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH), which could not only damage bacterial cells but also inhibit, disrupt, and eradicate the formation of bacterial biofilms. Thus, Fe-SAzyme demonstrated a broad-spectrum antibacterial performance capable of effectively eliminating multidrug-resistant bacteria. The coexistence of ferrous (Fe2+) and ferric (Fe3+) ions in Fe-SAzyme conferred the nanozyme with anti-inflammatory activity, effectively suppressing excessive inflammation. Meanwhile, Fe-SAzyme could significantly downregulate inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β and upregulate growth factors VEGF and epidermal growth factor, which can prevent bacterial infection, mitigate inflammation, promote fibroblast proliferation, and improve wound closure. Thus, Fe-SAzyme had shown favorable therapeutic efficiency in promoting bacteria-infected wound healing. This study provides Fe-SAzyme as a promising candidate for the development of new strategies to treat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Salvage robot assisted radical prostatectomy (sRARP) is performed for patients with biochemical or biopsy proven, localized prostate cancer recurrences after radiation or ablative therapies. Traditionally, sRARP has been avoided by lower volume surgeons due to technical demand and high complication rates. Post-radiation sRARP outcomes studies exist but remain few in number. With increasing use of whole gland and focal ablative therapies, updates on sRARP in this setting are needed. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview of recently reviewed studies on the oncologic outcomes, functional outcomes, and complications after post-radiation and post-ablative sRARP. Tips and tricks are provided to guide surgeons who may perform sRARP.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a non-systematic literature search of PubMed and MEDLINE for the most relevant articles pertaining to the outlined topics from 2010-2022 without limitation on study design. Only case reports, editorial comments, letters, and manuscripts in non-English languages were excluded. Key Content and Findings: Salvage robotic radical prostatectomy is performed in cases of biochemical recurrence after radiation or ablative therapies. Oncologic outcomes after sRARP are worse compared to primary surgery (pRARP) though improvements have been made with the robotic approach when compared to open salvage prostatectomy. Higher pre-sRARP PSA levels and more advanced pathologic stage portend worse oncologic outcomes. Patients meeting low-risk, EAU-biochemical recurrence criteria have improved oncologic outcomes compared to those with high-risk BCR. While complication rates in sRARP are higher compared to pRARP, Retzius sparing approaches may reduce complication rates, particularly rectal injuries. In comparison to the traditional open approach, sRARP is associated with a lower rate of bladder neck contracture. In terms of functional outcomes, potency rates after sRARP are poor and continence rates are low, though Retzius sparing approaches demonstrate acceptable recovery of urinary continence by 1 year, post-operatively.
CONCLUSIONS: Advances in the robotic platform and improvement in robotic experience have resulted in acceptable complication rates after sRARP. However, oncologic and functional outcomes after sRARP in both the post-radiation and post-ablation settings are worse compared to pRARP. Thus, when engaging in shared decision making with patients regarding the initial management of localized prostate cancer, patients should be educated regarding oncologic and functional outcomes and complications in the case of biochemically recurrent prostate cancer that may require sRARP.
Developmental dyscalculia (DD) is a specific learning disability which prevents children from acquiring adequate numerical and arithmetical competences. We investigated whether difficulties in children with DD spread beyond the numerical domain and impact also their ability to perceive time. A group of 37 children/adolescent with and without DD were tested with an auditory categorization task measuring time perception thresholds in the sub-second (0.25-1 s) and supra-second (0.75-3 s) ranges. Results showed that auditory time perception was strongly impaired in children with DD at both time scales. The impairment remained even when age, non-verbal reasoning, and gender were regressed out. Overall, our results show that the difficulties of DD can affect magnitudes other than numerical and contribute to the increasing evidence that frames dyscalculia as a disorder affecting multiple neurocognitive and perceptual systems.
BACKGROUND: Visual impairment (V.I.) has been associated with a negative impact on social functioning, while social support can impact on well-being in those with V.I. Adults from minority ethnic communities (MEC) are projected to make up an increasing proportion of adults living with V.I. in the UK, but limited research has explored their social functioning. This article provides a preliminary insight into social functioning among MEC adults living with V.I. in the UK.
METHODS: The article reports findings from a secondary analysis of V.I. Lives survey data. V.I. Lives was a UK telephone survey, which explored the life experiences of people with V.I. across a wide range of topics including social functioning. This secondary analysis explored social participation, support, isolation, and relationships among a matched control sample of 77 MEC and 77 adults aged 18 and over from White communities (WC). Participants were matched on age, gender, UK region and urban/rural setting. Subgroup analyses were also conducted for the two largest subgroups within the MEC group, Asian (n = 46) and Black participants (n = 22).
RESULTS: Contact with like-minded people (U = 2174.50, p = 0.003, r = -0.24) and opportunities to take part in more social activities (U = 2253.50, p = 0.007, r = -0.22) was significantly more important to MEC than WC participants. Moreover, MEC participants were significantly less likely to feel supported by friends/family (U = 3522.50, p = 0.017, r = 0.19) and had fewer people they could ask for help (U = 3775.50, p = 0.001, r = 0.26), but there were no significant differences in the perceived impact of V.I. on their friendships/social life and marriage/relationship, their ability to take part in a range of activities, nor their marital status. Asian participants were significantly more likely than Black participants to feel cut off from the people and places around them (U = 655.50, p = 0.042, r = 0.25). Effect sizes were overall small. Although there were no further statistically significant differences between the two groups, Asian participants were also less likely to be able to take part in activities, and more likely to report a negative impact on their social life/friendships and on their marriage/relationship, as well as a smaller social network.
CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that V.I. may have had a greater impact on social functioning among Asian participants in this sample, including on experiences of social isolation and participation in social activities. Future research will need to confirm these findings and explore the possible reasons.
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of formula (b), in which a compound of formula (V) is reacted with a compound of formula (VI). The resulting compound of formula (IV) is reduced to a compound of formula (III) which is hydrolysed to a compound of formula (b). Alternatively, a compound of formula (IV) is hydrolysed to a compound of formula (a) which is reduced to a compound of formula (b). Compounds of formula (IV) are novel. In the formulae the variables are as defined in the claims. Compounds of formula (b) are useful as intermediates in the preparation of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors.