anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: The overstoring of surplus calories in mature adipocytes causes obesity and abnormal metabolic activity. The anti-obesity effect of a Celosia cristata (CC) total flower extract was assessed in vitro, using 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and mouse adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and in vivo, using high-fat diet (HFD)-treated C57BL/6 male mice.
METHODS: CC extract was co-incubated during adipogenesis in both 3T3-L1 cells and ADSCs. After differentiation, lipid droplets were assessed by oil red O staining, adipogenesis and lipolytic factors were evaluated, and intracellular triglyceride and glycerol concentrations were analyzed. For in vivo experiments, histomorphological analysis, mRNA expression levels of adipogenic and lipolytic factors in adipose tissue, blood plasma analysis, metabolic profiles were investigated.
RESULTS: CC treatment significantly prevented adipocyte differentiation and lipid droplet accumulation, reducing adipogenesis-related factors and increasing lipolysis-related factors. Consequently, the intracellular triacylglycerol content was diminished, whereas the glycerol concentration in the cell supernatant increased. Mice fed an HFD supplemented with the CC extract exhibited decreased HFD-induced weight gain with metabolic abnormalities such as intrahepatic lipid accumulation and adipocyte hypertrophy. Improved glucose utilization and insulin sensitivity were observed, accompanied by the amelioration of metabolic disturbances, including alterations in liver enzymes and lipid profiles, in CC-treated mice. Moreover, the CC extract helped restore the disrupted energy metabolism induced by the HFD, based on a metabolic animal monitoring system.
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that CC total flower extract is a potential natural herbal supplement for the prevention and management of obesity.
Thiazides may add to or potentiate the action of other antihypertensive drugs. 

The thiazides may decrease arterial responsiveness to norepinephrine. This diminution is not sufficient to preclude effectiveness of the pressor agent for therapeutic use. Thiazides have also been shown to increase the responsiveness to tubocurarine. 

Lithium generally should not be given with diuretics because they reduce its renal clearance and add a high risk of lithium toxicity. Refer to the package insert on lithium before use of such concomitant therapy. 

Acute renal failure has been reported in a few patients receiving indomethacin and formulations containing triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide. Caution is therefore advised when administering non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents with triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide. 

Potassium-sparing agents should be used very cautiously, if at all, in conjunction with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors due to a greatly increased risk of hyperkalemia. Serum potassium should be monitored frequently.
Carcinogenesis: No drug-related neoplasms were recorded in rats or mice treated with posaconazole for 2 years at doses higher than the clinical dose. In a 2-year carcinogenicity study, rats were given posaconazole orally at doses up to 20 mg/kg (females), or 30 mg/kg (males). These doses are equivalent to 3.9- or 3.5-times the exposure achieved with a 400-mg twice daily oral suspension regimen, respectively, based on steady-state AUC in healthy volunteers administered a high-fat meal (400-mg twice daily oral suspension regimen). In the mouse study, mice were treated at oral doses up to 60 mg/kg/day or 4.8-times the exposure achieved with a 400-mg twice daily oral suspension regimen.

Mutagenesis: Posaconazole was not genotoxic or clastogenic when evaluated in bacterial mutagenicity (Ames), a chromosome aberration study in human peripheral blood lymphocytes, a Chinese hamster ovary cell mutagenicity study, and a mouse bone marrow micronucleus study.

Impairment of Fertility: Posaconazole had no effect on fertility of male rats at a dose up to 180 mg/kg (1.7 × the 400-mg twice daily oral suspension regimen based on steady-state plasma concentrations in healthy volunteers) or female rats at a dose up to 45 mg/kg (2.2 × the 400-mg twice daily oral suspension regimen).
Provided is a PIM kinase inhibitor - a compound with a structural formula as represented by general formula I. Also provided are the isomer, diastereoisomer, enantiomer, tautomer and salt of the compound as represented by general formula I; the E, J, Q, X, Y, Z and m in general formula I are as defined in claim 1. A PIM kinase biochemical activity test shows that the compound (1-96) of the present invention has an obvious PIM-1 kinase activity inhibition effect. When the compound concentration is three micromoles, the PIM-2 kinase activity inhibition rate is as high as 100%. Therefore, the PIM kinase inhibitor of the present invention can be used to prepare drugs for treating and preventing cancers, autoimmune diseases, allergic reaction diseases, or organ transplant rejection, thus having better clinical application value. Also provided is a preparation method.
Degarelix 80 mg (given as two s.c. injections of 60 mg) once \[called day 1\]; Te enanthate 100 mg i.m. given on day 1, 8 and 15; Oral placebo once daily x 22 days; and no patch beginning on day 1 and changed every 3 days through day 22.
Participants in this arm will be provided with either a raised bed garden or 4 earthboxes, gardening supplies, and plants and seeds. A master gardener from the Cooperative Extension will mentor them over the course of a year to plant three gardens (spring, summer and fall).
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a food composition having excellent hyaluronidase inhibitory actions, and to solve even problems such as acne vulgaris, and skin roughening.  <P>SOLUTION: An extract from licorice or a useful compound in the extract is formulated as the food composition. The licorice comprises a hyaluronidase inhibitor composed of Licorice-saponinH2 and/or a salt thereof. The hyaluronidase inhibitor has anti-inflammatory effects. The inflammations are characterized by being derived from the acne vulgaris. The origin of the hyaluronidase inhibitor is characterized by being an essence prepared by extracting a plant of the genus Glychyrrhiza with a hydrophilic organic solvent which may contain water.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
BACKGROUND: Online sexual experiences (OSEs) are becoming increasingly common in young adults, but existing papers have reported only on specific types of OSEs and have not shown the heterogeneous nature of the repertoire of OSEs. The use patterns of OSEs remain unclear, and the relationships of OSEs with sexual risk behaviors and behavioral health outcomes have not been evaluated.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the latent heterogeneity of OSEs in young adults and the associations with sexual risk behaviors and behavioral health outcomes.
METHODS: The 2021 Youth Sexuality Study of the Hong Kong Family Planning Association phone interviewed a random sample of 1205 young adults in Hong Kong in 2022 (male sex: 613/1205, 50.9%; mean age 23.0 years, SD 2.86 years) on lifetime OSEs, demographic and family characteristics, Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) scores, sex-related factors (sexual orientation, sex knowledge, and sexual risk behaviors), and behavioral health outcomes (sexually transmitted infections [STIs], drug use, and suicidal ideation) in the past year. Sample heterogeneity of OSEs was analyzed via latent class analysis with substantive checking of the class profiles. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the direct and indirect associations between the OSE class and behavioral health outcomes via sexual risk behaviors and PHQ-4 scores.
RESULTS: The data supported 3 latent classes of OSEs with measurement invariance by sex. In this study, 33.1% (398/1205), 56.0% (675/1205), and 10.9% (132/1205) of the sample were in the abstinent class (minimal OSEs), normative class (occasional OSEs), and active class (substantive OSEs), respectively. Male participants showed a lower prevalence of the abstinent class (131/613, 21.4% versus 263/592, 44.4%) and a higher prevalence of the active class (104/613, 17.0% versus 28/592, 4.7%) than female participants. The normative class showed significantly higher sex knowledge than the other 2 classes. The active class was associated with male sex, nonheterosexual status, higher sex desire and PHQ-4 scores, and more sexual risk behaviors than the other 2 classes. Compared with the nonactive (abstinent and normative) classes, the active class was indirectly associated with higher rates of STIs (absolute difference in percentage points [Δ]=4.8%; P=.03) and drug use (Δ=7.6%; P=.001) via sexual risk behaviors, and with higher rates of suicidal ideation (Δ=2.5%; P=.007) via PHQ-4 scores.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provided the first results on the 3 (abstinent, normative, and active) latent classes of OSEs with distinct profiles in OSEs, demographic and family characteristics, PHQ-4 scores, sex-related factors, and behavioral health outcomes. The active class showed indirect associations with higher rates of STIs and drug use via sexual risk behaviors and higher rates of suicidal ideation via PHQ-4 scores than the other 2 classes. These results have implications for the formulation and evaluation of targeted interventions to help young adults.
A total of 750 subjects with mild to moderate hyperkalemia (i- STAT potassium levels between 5.0-6.5 mmol/l, inclusive) will be enrolled in the study where they, in a double-blind fashion, will be randomized 1:1:1:1:1 to receive one of four (4) doses of ZS (1.25g, 2.5g, 5g, and 10g) or placebo control, administered 3 times daily (tid) with meals for the initial 48 hours (Acute Phase), followed by a Subacute Phase (randomized withdrawal) during which patients treated with active doses in the Acute Phase, who achieve normokalemia (i-STAT potassium values 3.5 to 4.9 mmol/l, inclusive) will be randomized to 12 days of subacute, once a day (qd) dosing. There will be a one-time randomization to assign the Acute Phase treatment and the Subacute Phase treatment. The Subacute Phase will include subjects who became normokalemic on active drug and those who became normokalemic on placebo. The former will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio between the same dose of ZS they received during the acute phase but only administered once a day (qd) or placebo, qd. Subjects on placebo during the Acute Phase who are normokalemic in the morning of Study Day 3, will be randomized to receive either 1.25 or 2.5 g ZS, qd as Subacute Phase treatment.

Safety and tolerability will be assessed on an ongoing basis by an Independent Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB). Each active dose group will consist of 150 patients per treatment group including the placebo control group for a total of 750 patients; the 1:1:1:1:1 allocation helps to optimize the multiple active dose comparisons to the respective placebo controls for the Subacute Phase.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a Maillard reaction inhibitor which inhibits the production of an intermediate or a final product in Maillard reaction, and can finally inhibit adverse effects given to human bodies by the advance of the Maillard reaction.  <P>SOLUTION: This Maillard reaction inhibitor is characterized by comprising the first inhibitor for inhibiting a reaction for producing one or more first products selected from the product group consisting of the intermediates and the final products and the second inhibitor for inhibiting a reaction for producing one or more second products selected from the product group. It is preferable that at least one of the first inhibitor and the second inhibitor contains the extract of one or more plants selected from the group consisting of Uncaria gambir Roxburgh, U. sinensis, U. rhynchophylla, Betula pendula L., Betula alba L., Crataegus oxyacantha L., C. cuneata Sieb. Et Zucc., Camellia sinesis, Syzygium aromaticum(=Eugenia caryophyllata), (=E. aromatica), Houttuynia cordata Thunberg, Rosaceae Potentilla, Rosaceae Rosa, Vitaceae Vitis, Hippocastanaceae Aesculus, and Anthemis nobilis L.(=Chamaemelum nobile).  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
Transfemoral access is nowadays required for an increasing number of percutaneous procedures, such as structural heart interventions, mechanical circulatory support, and interventional electrophysiology/pacing. Despite technological advancements and improved techniques, these devices necessitate large-bore (≥12 French) arterial/venous sheaths, posing a significant risk of bleeding and vascular complications, whose occurrence has been related to an increase in morbidity and mortality. Therefore, optimizing large-bore vascular access management is crucial in endovascular interventions. Technical options, including optimized preprocedural planning and proper selection and utilization of vascular closure devices, have been developed to increase safety. This review explores the comprehensive management of large-bore accesses, from optimal vascular puncture to sheath removal. It also discusses strategies for managing closure device failure, with the goal of minimizing vascular complications.
Anuria, oliguria, or significant impairment of renal function (creatinine clearance under 60 mL per minute or clinically significant elevated serum creatinine) are contraindications. Treatment of this type of patient carries an increased risk of toxicity because of impaired excretion of the drug.

Because of the possibility of hemolytic anemia due to immature erythrocyte enzyme systems (glutathione instability), the drug is contraindicated in pregnant patients at term (38-42 weeks gestation), during labor and delivery, or when the onset of labor is imminent. For the same reason, the drug is contraindicated in neonates under one month of age.

Macrobid is contraindicated in patients with a previous history of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with nitrofurantoin.

Macrobid is also contraindicated in those patients with known hypersensitivity to nitrofurantoin.
Prodn. of biomass from yeast with dry substances content over 30g/l (based on the fermentation broth) in which over 10% of the dry matter is RNA, comprises batch wise fermentation and feed fermentation, and during the latter stage the specific growth rate is maintained at below 0.18 reciprocal hr. by limiting nutrient supply rate. The yeast used is the new strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae DSM 5616. Pref. specific growth rate is below 0.13 reciprocal hr for at least half of the feed fermentation stage. USE/ADVANTAGE - Biomass is used to produce materials contg. RNA or RNA hydrolysates, e.g. 5'-nucleotides which are useful for pharmaceutical purposes and as aroma/flavouring agents in foods. This method produces simultaneously high biomass content and a  prod. of high RNA content.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Mammoplasty, a common cosmetic procedure involving breast augmentation and reduction surgeries, has gained global popularity. Recently, attention has shifted towards understanding the prevalence and significance of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms following mammoplasty. This systematic review aims to consolidate existing literature to provide a comprehensive overview of the type and frequency of GI problems associated with various mammoplasty procedures.
METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed and Scopus databases was conducted until January 22, 2024, identifying observational and interventional studies examining GI symptoms post-mammoplasty. Inclusion criteria covered human studies, while exclusion criteria ensured specificity. Two independent investigators performed screening, and data extraction included study characteristics, surgical procedures, anesthesia methods, and interventions.
RESULTS: Nineteen studies, involving 2,487 subjects, were included in the review. Breast reconstruction emerged as the most studied procedure, followed by breast reduction, augmentation, mastectomy, and breast cancer surgery. Predominant GI symptoms included nausea and vomiting, with varying rates across mammoplasty types. Anesthesia modality influenced symptomatology, with general, local, and combined anesthesia associated with GI disturbances. Antiemetics, notably ondansetron and droperidol, showed variable efficacy. Non-pharmacological approaches, such as preoperative hypnosis, were explored for symptom management.
CONCLUSIONS: Our systematic review reveals insights into GI symptoms post-mammoplasty, emphasizing the common occurrence of symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, alongside less frequent manifestations such as constipation, dry mouth, retching, abdominal pain, and tightness. Variations in symptom prevalence were noted across diverse mammoplasty surgeries, anesthesia methods, and the use of antiemetics, underscoring the complex nature of post-mammoplasty GI disturbances.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of Maresin1 in reducing cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided (n = 5 in each group), and focal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was used to simulate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. TTC and the Longa score were used to detect the degree of neurological deficits. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of GSDME, GSDME-N, caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 in cerebral ischemic penumbra tissue, and immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression levels of GSDME-N. The mRNA expression levels of GSDME and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) were detected by RT-PCR.
RESULTS: Compared with sham group, GSDME mRNA levels in MCAO group were significantly increased at 12 h and 24 h after reperfusion, and GSDME and GSDME-N significantly increased at 6-48 h after reperfusion. Compared with sham group, the percentage of infarct size, the Longa score, the mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and GSDME, GSDME-N, caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 in MCAO group was significantly increased. Then, the percentage of infarct size and the Longa score significantly decreased after MaR1 administration, the mRNA expression levels of IL-1β and IL-6 downregulated, and GSDME, GSDME-N, caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 were also reduced. After administration of Z-DEVD-FMK(ZDF), the expression of caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3 and GSDME-N was decreased, which in MCAO+MaR1+ZDF group was not statistically significant compared with MCAO+ ZDF group.
CONCLUSION: Maresin1 alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting pyroptosis mediated by caspase-3/GSDME pathway and alleviating neuroinflammation.
The purpose of this research study is to investigate the use of pocket ultrasound device, called Vscan, in guiding diuretic therapy in ambulatory and inpatient Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) patients. Specifically, Vscan will be used to monitor Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) diameters with the goal of reaching a 50% reduction in IVC when compared to baseline measurements. We hypothesize that compared to the conventional clinical assessment Guided Diuretic Therapy, this new proposed Vscan guided therapy will result in reduction in hospitalization rates. This study is composed of two independent non-interacting randomized single blinded trials-one in the outpatient setting and one in the inpatient setting. 138 total patients and 300 patients will be recruited to the ambulatory trial and inpatient trial respectively.

1. Objectives The objective of the study is to determine whether a simple one step protocol of increasing diuretics to guide a 50% reduction of IVC diameter from baseline measurements results in reduction in hospitalization rates as compared to those seen in therapy determined on the basis of conventional clinical evaluation by a CHF specialist.
2. Background Congestive heart failure (CHF) remains a leading cause of death in industrialized countries. Despite advances in medical treatment, an estimated 250,000-300,000 CHF patients are hospitalized in the United States each year for symptoms caused by low cardiac output (CO). Although the events that cause acute decompensation are multifactorial, the common pathway associated with decreased ventricular function are autonomic dysfunction and fluid retention. It has been previously suggested that an estimated 50%-66% of CHF hospitalizations may be preventable with improved monitoring of fluid volume status. The size and shape of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is correlated to the central venous pressure and circulating blood volume. Therefore evaluation of the IVC provides an instantaneous non-invasive measure of volume status.
KEY POINTS: Lower baseline apparent diffusion coefficient, indicative of greater cortical fibrosis, correlated with higher baseline concentrations of serum markers of inflammation. No association between baseline cortical R2* and baseline serum markers of inflammation were found. Baseline kidney functional magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers of fibrosis and oxygenation were not associated with changes in inflammatory markers over time, which may be due to small changes in kidney function in the study.
BACKGROUND: Greater fibrosis and decreased oxygenation may amplify systemic inflammation, but data on the associations of kidney functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measurements of fibrosis (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC]) and oxygenation (relaxation rate [R2*]) with systemic markers of inflammation are limited.
METHODS: We evaluated associations of baseline kidney fMRI-derived ADC and R2* with baseline and follow-up serum IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) in 127 participants from the CKD Optimal Management with Binders and NicotinamidE trial, a randomized, 12-month trial of nicotinamide and lanthanum carbonate versus placebo in individuals with CKD stages 3–4. Cross-sectional analyses of baseline kidney fMRI biomarkers and markers of inflammation used multivariable linear regression. Longitudinal analyses of baseline kidney fMRI biomarkers and change in markers of inflammation over time used linear mixed-effects models.
RESULTS: Mean±SD eGFR, ADC, and R2* were 32.2±8.7 ml/min per 1.73 m2, 1.46±0.17×10−3 mm2/s, and 20.3±3.1 s−1, respectively. Median (interquartile range) IL-6 and CRP were 3.7 (2.4–4.9) pg/ml and 2.8 (1.2–6.3) mg/L, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, IL-6 and CRP were 13.1% and 27.3% higher per 1 SD decrease in baseline cortical ADC, respectively. Baseline cortical R2* did not have a significant association with IL-6 or CRP. Mean annual IL-6 and CRP slopes were 0.98 pg/ml per year and 0.91 mg/L per year, respectively. Baseline cortical ADC and R2* did not have significant associations with change in IL-6 or CRP over time.
CONCLUSIONS: Lower cortical ADC, suggestive of greater fibrosis, was associated with higher systemic inflammation. Baseline kidney fMRI biomarkers did not associate with changes in systemic markers of inflammation over time.
An inhaler article includes a tubular housing defining a holder body extending along a longitudinal axis from a mouthpiece end to a consumable receiving end. The retainer body includes an inner tube extending along a longitudinal axis and within the tubular housing from a tube entry end to a tube exit end. The tube entry end is proximate the consumable receiving end. The inner tube defines an airflow chamber having two or more airflow apertures extending through a wall of the inner tube. An air blocking feature is located in the airflow chamber and between two of the airflow apertures. A vibration inducing element is disposed on the inner tube proximate the tube discharge end or the tube entry end, the vibration inducing element including a hole through a wall of the inner tube and having a tapered or angled downstream hole edge.