anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Shoulder pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints and its prevalence varies between 7-26%. One of the most common sources of pain in these patients is subacromial impingement syndrome leading to rotator cuff pathology. In patients with shoulder pain, one of the factors associated with the persistence of pain in different etiologies, especially subacromial impingement syndrome, is reported as central sensitization (CS). CS can be summarized as an increase in the response of neurons located in the central nervous system to sub-threshold stimuli. In a meta-analysis of patients with shoulder pain, a decrease in pressure pain threshold was found in 29-77% of patients, and CS in 11-24%. There is increasing data showing that CS negatively affects response to different treatments, including surgery and injections. One of the most frequently used treatments in subacromial impingement syndrome is subacromial/intra-articular shoulder injection. Although various factors have been identified in the prediction of shoulder injection results, the effect of pain sensitization on these procedures is unknown. In this study, it is planned to investigate the effect of the presence and severity of pretreatment central sensitization on the results of the shoulder injection in patients with a rotator cuff lesion or subacromial impingement.
TRIUMPH is designed to build on the findings of our previous studies by combining positive affect and self affirmation with motivational interviewing in order to increase blood pressure control in community based practices that care for large numbers of hypertensive black patients. Patients in both the educational and behavioral contract control group and would receive a workbook, would make a behavioral contract, and a home blood pressure monitor. The positive affect/self-affirmation group would receive the same components as the control group. In addition the experimental group would receive a positive affect/self-affirmation induction and motivational interviewing.

Both the control group and the experimental group would be followed at 2 month intervals. The outcome blood pressure control in this group will be contrasted to the knowledge/behavioral contract group. We hypothesize that we can increase the percent of patients who have blood pressure control to 75%.
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) pose a major threat in tropical zones for impoverished populations. Difficulty of access, adverse effects or low efficacy limit the use of current therapeutic options. Therefore, development of new drugs against NTDs is a necessity. Compounds containing an aminopyridine (AP) moiety are of great interest for the design of new anti-NTD drugs due to their intrinsic properties compared with their closest chemical structures. Currently, over 40 compounds with an AP moiety are on the market, but none is used against NTDs despite active research on APs. The aim of this review is to present the medicinal chemistry work carried out with these scaffolds, against protozoan NTDs: Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei or Leishmania spp.
Cerebral Palsy is one of the most common neuromotor disorders in pediatric age, characterized by permanent movement and posture impairments, often affecting walking. In recent decades, advancements in robotics have revolutionized rehabilitation. Studies have shown that combining conventional physiotherapy with robotic rehabilitation tools offers greater benefits in patient recovery. At the IRCCS Eugenio Medea, a robotic rehabilitation program using the Lokomat (Hocoma) has been implemented for several years to improve walking in children and young people with walking disorders. The investigators hypothesize that robotic devices can enhance walking ability (e.g., speed, stride length) and reorganize joint kinematics. This study aims to quantify the effects of this treatment based on the level of impairment.
Severe viral pneumonia can induce rapid expansion of KRT5+ basal-like cells in small airways and alveoli; this forms a scar-like structure that persists in the injured alveoli and impedes normal alveolar epithelium regeneration. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which viral infection induced this remodeling response. Through comparing different lung-injury models, we demonstrated that infection induced strong IFN-γ signal-stimulated dysplastic KRT5+ cell formation. Inactivation of interferon receptor 1 (Ifngr1) reduced dysplastic cell formation, ameliorated lung fibrosis, and improved lung-function recovery. Mechanistically, IFN-γ regulated dysplastic cell formation via the focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) pathway. Inhibiting FAK/Src diminished IFN-γ-induced YAP nuclear translocation and dysplastic cell formation. Inhibiting YAP during viral infection prevented dysplastic cell formation, whereas inhibiting YAP in persistent KRT5+ cells led to their conversion into distal club cells. Importantly, human dysplastic cells exhibited elevated FAK and YAP activity, and IFN-γ treatment promoted the transformation of human alveolar progenitor cells into dysplastic cells. These findings uncover the role of infection-induced inflammatory response in alveolar remodeling and may provide potential therapeutic avenues for the treatment of alveolar remodeling in patients with severe viral pneumonia.
Participants in the home-based functional balance intervention (FBI) group will be asked to complete 4 months of exercise training at home (2 times per week for 16 weeks, total 32 sessions). The exercise training will consist of multiple components including functional agility, functional strength, dual-tasking and vestibular exercises.
A composition comprising a cytokine like1(Cytl1) protein or a nucleic acid encoding the same is provided to induce differentiation of mesenchymal cells into cartilage cells specifically, thereby being used for treating cartilage diseases. A composition for preventing and treating cartilage diseases is characterized in that it induces differentiation of cartilage cells by including a Cytl1 protein having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID : NO. 1 or 3 or a nucleic acid encoding the same and having a nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID : NO. 2 or 4 and the cartilage disease is selected from the group consisting of arthritis deformans, cartilage dysplasia, degenerative disc disease, meniscal injury, degenerative arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, fracture, damage of muscular tissue, plantar fascitis, tennis elbow, calcific tendinitis, non-union of fracture and arthrosis injury caused by wound. The composition is treated therewith to differentiate them into cartilage cells in order to culture mesenchymal cells. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating the cartilage diseases comprises the composition and the mesenchymal cells.
An Ishige okamurae extract having anti-inflammatory effects is provided to inhibit transcriptional activity of the NF-kappaB(nuclear factor kappa B) in an RAW 246.7 cell and suppress generation of TNF-alpha(tumor necrosis factor alpha), IL-1beta(interleukin 1beta), IL-6 and PGE2(prostaglandin E2). An Ishige okamurae extract comprises 1-1000mg/mL of Ishige okamurae extracts as an active ingredients. The Ishige okamurae extracts is obtained by marine algae having anti-inflammatory effects in screened macrophage from marine supply source. The Ishige okamurae extracts does not show cytotoxin against macrophage. The Ishige okamurae extracts is extracted by ethanol. A unit active ingredient from the Ishige okamurae lowers transcriptional activity of NF-kappaB.
The clinical trial experience with eszopiclone revealed no evidence of a serious withdrawal syndrome. Nevertheless, the following adverse events included in DSM-IV criteria for uncomplicated sedative/hypnotic withdrawal were reported during clinical trials following placebo substitution occurring within 48 hours following the last eszopiclone treatment: anxiety, abnormal dreams, nausea, and upset stomach. These reported adverse events occurred at an incidence of 2% or less. Use of benzodiazepines and similar agents may lead to physical and psychological dependence. The risk of abuse and dependence increases with the dose and duration of treatment and concomitant use of other psychoactive drugs. The risk is also greater for patients who have a history of alcohol or drug abuse or history of psychiatric disorders. These patients should be under careful surveillance when receiving eszopiclone or any other hypnotic.
Carcinogenesis   
In 2-year carcinogenicity studies, oxcarbazepine was administered in the diet at doses of up to 100 mg/kg/day to mice and by gavage at doses of up to 250 mg/kg/day to rats, and the pharmacologically active 10-hydroxy metabolite (MHD) was administered orally at doses of up to 600 mg/kg/day to rats. In mice, a dose-related increase in the incidence of hepatocellular adenomas was observed at oxcarbazepine doses ≥70 mg/kg/day, which is less than the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) on a mg/m2 basis. In rats, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas was increased in females treated with oxcarbazepine at doses ≥25 mg/kg/day (less than the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis), and incidences of hepatocellular adenomas and/or carcinomas were increased in males and females treated with MHD at doses of 600 mg/kg/day (2.4 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis) and ≥250 mg/kg/day (equivalent to the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis), respectively. There was an increase in the incidence of benign testicular interstitial cell tumors in rats at 250 mg oxcarbazepine/kg/day and at ≥250 mg MHD/kg/day, and an increase in the incidence of granular cell tumors in the cervix and vagina in rats at 600 mg MHD/kg/day. 

Mutagenesis   
Oxcarbazepine increased mutation frequencies in the in vitro Ames test in the absence of metabolic activation. Both oxcarbazepine and MHD produced increases in chromosomal aberrations and polyploidy in the Chinese hamster ovary assay in vitro in the absence of metabolic activation. MHD was negative in the Ames test, and no mutagenic or clastogenic activity was found with either oxcarbazepine or MHD in V79 Chinese hamster cells in vitro. Oxcarbazepine and MHD were both negative for clastogenic or aneugenic effects (micronucleus formation) in an in vivo rat bone marrow assay. 

Impairment of Fertility   
In a study in which male and female rats were administered oxcarbazepine (0, 25, 75 and 150 mg/kg/day) orally prior to and during mating and continuing in females during gestation, no adverse effects on fertility or reproductive performance were observed. The highest dose tested is less than the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis. In a fertility study in which rats were administered MHD (0, 50, 150, or 450 mg/kg/day) orally prior to and during mating and early gestation, estrous cyclicity was disrupted and numbers of corpora lutea, implantations, and live embryos were reduced in females receiving the highest dose (approximately 2 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis).
This arm (low intensity MST) was identical to the real intervention in all ways except that the training device was set at 5% maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP). Thus less muscle and breathing effort was required during this sham treatment.
Concurrent administration of the penicillinase-resistant penicillins and probenecid increases and prolongs serum penicillin levels.

Probenecid decreases the apparent volume of distribution and slows the rate of excretion by competitively inhibiting renal tubular secretion of penicillin. Penicillin-probenecid therapy is generally limited to those infections where very high serum levels of penicillin are necessary.

Oral preparations of the penicillinase-resistant penicillins should not be used as initial therapy in serious, life-threatening infections (see PRECAUTIONS - General). Oral therapy with the penicillinase-resistant penicillins may be used to follow up the previous use of a parenteral agent as soon as the clinical condition warrants. 

1. Patients weighing less than 40 kg (88 lbs)

Dicloxacillin is best absorbed when taken on an empty stomach, and should be administered at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. Dicloxacillin should be taken with at least 4 fluid ounces (120 mL) of water and should not be taken in the supine position or immediately before going to bed (see PRECAUTIONS).
Atezolizumab will be administered intravenously (iv) at a dose of 1200 mg over 60 minutes on day 1 of each cycle. The subsequent cycles of atezolizumab can be administered over 30 minutes, if there were no infusion-related toxicities. Pemetrexed will be administered at a dose of 500 mg/m2 iv over 15 minutes on day 1 of each cycle. In addition, folic acid, vitamin B12, and dexamethasone 4mg bid will be administered one day before and after pemetrexed treatment. Carboplatin will be administered at a dose with an area under the curve of 5 over 30 minutes on day 1 of each cycle approximately 30 minutes after the end of the pemetrexed infusion. After completing 4 to 6 cycles of carboplatin plus pemetrexed and atezolizumab, patients will continue with pemetrexed in combination with atezolizumab until unacceptable toxicity, disease progression, patient/physician decision or completion of 2 years of therapy.

Tumor measurements by CT scan (systemic response) and brain MRI (intracranial response) will be performed every 6 weeks until the 12th week and thereafter every 9 weeks until disease progression. In case of brain progression, rescue with brain radiotherapy should be considered. In case of exclusive brain progression, patients are allowed to receive brain radiotherapy (WBRT or SRS) and then continue with study therapy if the patients maintain clinical benefit and appropriate performance status (ECOG PS≤2).Immunotherapy should be started no later than 4 weeks after completing radiation therapy (brain radiotherapy 2 weeks + 4 weeks of recovery from potential acute toxicity). In case of systemic progression without brain progression, a novel line of systemic treatment should be considered. Patients experiencing systemic progression and/or brain progression will be followed and two post-progression visits will be performed at 30 and 90 days.

Response will be assessed independently in the brain and systemically: systemic response will be evaluated according to RECIST v1.1 and brain response according to the RANO response assessment criteria for BM (RANO-BM). Adverse events will be assessed throughout and assessed using the CTCAE version 4.03. EORTC quality of life questionnaire EORTC C30 and the submodules QLQ-LC13 and BN20 will be assessed in the ITT population at baseline, cycle 5 (week 12),cycle 9 (week 24), at end of study treatment (30 and 90 days) and/or at disease progression. Periodic evaluations of the trial data will be conducted by an independent DMC to ensure subject safety and to evaluate the efficacy at the interim analyses. Neurocognitive assessment including the standardized neuropsychological tests: Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT), Trail Making Test (TMT), Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test (ROCF) and Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWA) will be assessed at baseline cycle 5 (week 12),cycle 9 (week 24), at end of study treatment (30 and 90 days) and/or at disease progression.
Dhaka is one of the world's densely populated cities and faces significant public health challenges including high burden of diarrhoeal diseases. Climate change is intensifying existing environmental problems including urban heat island effect and poor water quality. While numerous epidemiological studies have linked meteorological factors to diarrhoeal diseases in Bangladesh, assessment of the impacts of future climate change on diarrhoeal diseases is scarce. We provide the assessment of climate change impacts on diarrhoeal disease in Dhaka and project future health risks under climate change scenarios. About 3 million acute diarrhoea cases presenting to the Dhaka Hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b) during 1981-2010 were linked to daily temperature, rainfall and humidity and association investigated using time series adapted negative binomial regression models employing constrained distributed lag linear models. The findings were applied to climate projections to estimate future risks of diarrhoea under various global warming scenarios. There was a significantly raised risk of diarrhoea hospitalisation in all ages with daily mean temperature (RR: 3.4, 95% CI: 3.0-3.7) after controlling for the confounding effects of heavy rainfall, humidity, autocorrelations, day of the week effect, long-term time, and seasonal trends. Using the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 1.034, temperature increases based on the global warming targets of 1.5-2°C could result in an increase of diarrhoea hospitalisations by 4.5-7.4% in all age groups by the 2100s. These effects were more pronounced among <5 children where the predicted temperature increases could raise diarrhoea hospitalisation by 5.7% - 9.4%. Diarrhoea hospitalisation will increase significantly in Dhaka even if the global warming targets adopted by the Paris Agreement is reached. This underscores the importance of preparing the city for management and prevention of diarrhoeal diseases.
Pregnant women between 28th and 38th weeks of gestational age who applied to an outpatient clinic of a training and research hospital were randomized into two groups. The study group was trained online by a psychologist on attachment in two sessions. In order to measure the level of attachment knowledge before and after the training, a test form prepared by the researcher based on the literature and expert opinion was applied as pre-test and post-test. In the 8th week after delivery, "Maternal Attachment Inventory" developed by Mary Muller in 1994 and Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Şirin and Kavlak. Maternal Attachment Inventory, Each item contains direct expressions and is always scored as follows: (a)= 4 points, frequently (b)= 3 points, sometimes (c)= 2 points, and never (d)= 1 point. A general score is obtained from the sum of all items. A high score indicates a high level of maternal attachment. The total score from the scale ranges from a minimum of 26 to a maximum of 104
BACKGROUND: Language preference is a contributing factor for prolonged time from symptom onset to appendectomy within pediatrics, but is poorly characterized in adults. We aimed to investigate associations between language barriers and delays in assessment and treatment for adults with acute appendicitis.
METHODS: In a multiethnic community, patients aged ≥18 years old who underwent appendectomy were identified between January 2017 and August 2022 at a single institution. Negative binomial regression was used to compare interval wait times to imaging, medication administration, and surgical evaluation between patients with limited English proficiency and those who are English proficient.
RESULTS: Of the 1469 patients included, 48% (n = 699) were with limited English proficiency. Average age was higher for patients with limited English proficiency (45 vs 36, P < .001). Most of them were Asian (54%) and without private insurance (65%, P < .001). Symptom duration, incidence of septic shock, and date/time of presentation to the emergency department were similar. Patients with limited English proficiency presented more frequently with gangrenous appendicitis (20% vs 15%, P = .013) but not perforated (23% vs 20%, P = .065). They experienced longer wait times for surgical evaluation (376 vs 348 min, incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.08; P = .002) but similar times for imaging, and medications administered. After controlling for demographics, triage acuity, and hospital factors, significantly longer wait times for surgical evaluation persisted (IRR adjusted, 1.07; P = .038). There was no significant difference in hospital length-of-stay, postoperative infection, or 30-day readmission rate.
CONCLUSION: Adult patients with limited English proficiency may experience longer wait times for surgical evaluation for acute appendicitis, but this may not result in clinically significant delays in the initiation of treatment.
Breast cancer, a multifaceted disease, presents a dynamic ecosystem where the primary tumor interacts intricately with its microenvironment, circulatory system, and distant organs. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) disseminate from the primary tumor to organs, such as the brain, lungs, liver, and bones, encountering various fates: cell death, cellular dormancy, or senescence. Dormant cells, characterized by reversible growth arrest at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, pose a significant challenge as they evade conventional treatments and can later reawaken, leading to cancer relapse. The phenomenon of tumor dormancy is influenced by the tumor microenvironment, immune modulation, and cellular adaptations. Emerging evidence suggests that breast-conserving surgery coupled with radiation therapy offers superior survival benefits compared to mastectomy, potentially due to the 'breast homing phenomenon.' This hypothesis posits that residual breast tissue provides a niche for reactivated dormant cells, reducing distant metastasis. Immunotherapy and lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise, show promise in managing dormant cells. Understanding the mechanisms of dormancy and developing targeted therapies are crucial for achieving long-term remission and potentially curing breast cancer.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the use of a taurolidine or taurultam solution for preventing or reducing metastatic growth.  <P>SOLUTION: Minimally invasive laparoscopic tests which are paid attention when used particularly in treating abdominal malignant diseases have an advantage that the metastatic growth of tumors is within a predetermined range. Treatments of malignant diseases cause disturbance and release of malignant cells, then the malignant cells migrate to other sites, attached thereto and develop metastasis when their growth is started, resulting in unfortunate results as expected. In minimally invasive laparoscopic tests using trocar, disturbance of tumors and contact of the trocar with tumor's peripheral tissues during their removal are inevitable. The taurolidine or taurultam is used particularly in preventing or reducing the metastatic growth of tumors following surgeries, particularly following the use of trocar during minimal invasive laparoscopic surgeries.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Chrysomya albiceps (Calliphoridae) is among the earliest successional fauna on human and animal cadavers. Some immature Calliphoridae can be useful for determination of post-mortem interval. Toxins, particularly pesticides, can affect the rate of insect growth. Aluminum phosphide (AlP) is an affordable insecticide that has not been adequately entomotoxicologically evaluated. So, the impact of AlP on the developmental rate of different stages of C. albiceps was investigated. Larvae of C. albiceps were reared on the rabbit carcasses containing AlP as a treated group, and distilled water as a control group. The substances were administered by a gastric tube. The duration needed for development of C. albiceps stages was documented. Body length, width and weight of larvae were measured after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h from egg hatching. The duration of development increased significantly in the treated group compared to the control group. Larvae body measurements were significantly smaller in the treated group than in the control group. Therefore, it was demonstrated that AlP significantly influences the size of C. albiceps larvae and extends their development. During forensic application, interpretation of C. albiceps data should be used with caution when aluminum phosphide may be the cause of death.
There are 7 dose cohorts, including60mg, 150mg, 300mg, 450mg, 600mg, 750mg, 900mg QD in the dose escalation stage and GST-HG161 will be administered orally to patients once daily for each dose cohort. Recommended dose in the dose expansion stage will be determined by the results in the dose escalation stage .