anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Those study participants randomized to the intervention arm will receive the intervention being tested in this study. The intervention will be community engagement through the M-MAMA Champions on obstetric danger signs, birth preparedness, and complication readiness, whereby sensitization to pregnant women will be done. The sensitization package will be delivered by M-MAMA Champions and will encompass obstetric danger signs, birth preparedness, and complication readiness that will be adapted from the Ministry of Health, Tanzania. The package is being used to empower Community Health Workers (CHWs). The intervention is expected to be delivered in two (2) wards (4 Clusters) to be selected in Bahi Council, Dodoma for a period of one month from March to April 2024 and raise awareness by at least 20% in the intervention arm within a study period.
Participants will undergo a 2 intervention periods. The first intervention period will consist of a 2-week course of rTMS followed by BCI-mediated training. This intervention will be succeeded by a 4-week washout period to mitigate any carry-over effects. The second intervention period will entail 2 weeks of sham rTMS followed by BCI-mediated training.
Caregivers will complete the questionnaire twice with two different investigators. The interval between the two questionnaires is 3 to 10 days.
BACKGROUND: This study compared the efficacy and safety of apixaban and warfarin in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD). Apixaban decreased incidence of stroke and bleeding compared with warfarin in major clinical trials that excluded patients with severe renal dysfunction. Apixaban is no longer contraindicated in patients with ESRD on HD with NVAF based on pharmacokinetic studies. Limited clinical data exist for patients with ESRD on HD on apixaban.
METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients with a diagnosis of NVAF and ESRD on HD who were prescribed apixaban or warfarin for stroke prevention in the years 2018 through 2019. Patients' charts were reviewed for up to a 2-year period. Patients on renal replacement therapy other than HD, those using anticoagulation for reasons other than NVAF, patients with Child-Pugh Class C cirrhosis, and those with severe mitral valve stenosis were excluded. The primary outcome was emergency department visits or hospital admissions for ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. Secondary outcomes included major or minor bleeding and adverse effects.
RESULTS: A total of 181 patients were screened; 110 patients met eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis. Four patients (7.5%) in the apixaban group and 6 patients (10.5%) in the warfarin group met the primary outcome of hospitalization or emergency department visit for stroke (P = 0.742). Symptomatic bleeding occurred in 39.6% of patients in the apixaban group and 36.8% in the warfarin group (P = 0.918). A trend in major bleeding occurred more often in the warfarin group, 52.4% versus 49.2% (P = 0.758).
CONCLUSIONS: There were no statistically significant differences in efficacy and safety outcomes between apixaban and warfarin in patients with NVAF and ESRD on HD in the intention-to-treat analysis of our study. Larger trials are needed to further analyze this patient population.
Adequate bowel preparation is crucial for detection of adenoma and polyps of the colon, which can transform into malignant and premalignant lesions. In particular ambulatory performed colonoscopy is often insufficient due to inadequate preparation by patients at home. To focus this issue, a artificial intelligence based chatbot was developed to help patients who undergo bowel preparation by answering questions concerning bowel preparation. To compare the effect of this program, a three-arm randomized, controled multicentric clinical trial was developed. All patients who undergo ambulatory colonoscopy and meet the inclusion criteria (18 y.o., informed consent, WhatsApp access) were randomized in a standard preparation group (medical briefing and preparation brochure), a group receiving phone calls with instructions for bowel preparation and a third group with access to the chat bot answering questions concerning bowel preparation and examination conduct. As the primary end point, the quality of bowel preparation measured as Boston Bowel Preparation Scale was defined. As secondary endpoints patients satisfaction, comprehensiveness of bowel preparation, sedation dose, rate of coecal intubation, the rate of adenoma and polyp detection, anxiety referred to colonoscopy and patients satisfaction with preparation support were measured.
Dengue is an emerging infectious disease and is endemic to more than 100 tropical nations. It is a serious public health issue, with an estimated global incidence of \> 100 million in 2016, a rise of almost 60% in age-standardized rates since 2006. While rising dengue infection rates affect all major regions of the world, the Asia-Pacific region is disproportionately affected by severe dengue, with rates 18 times higher in Southeast Asia than in the Americas. Climate change and globalization has facilitated the geographic spread of both the mosquito vector and the pathogen to previously unaffected areas, thereby increasing the number of people affected by dengue. Unfortunately, no specific antiviral medication and vaccine exists for Dengue. Hence, an accurate and early diagnosis is essential for proper and timely management and control of the disease in endemic regions. Dengue causes wide spectrum of disease. Primary dengue can range from sub clinical disease to flu-like symptoms. Although less common secondary dengue is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Accurate, efficient, and rapid diagnosis of dengue in the acute stage is essential as a delay in diagnosis increases the risk of severe dengue and can lead to poor disease outcome. The most commonly used tests to diagnose acute dengue infection are commercial ELISA. Many Dengue RDTs came in rise and flooded the market in the past two decades due to the growing demand for point-of-care diagnostics. RDT is the easiest and most cost-effective method for diagnosis of this virus infection. It is user-friendly, requires no equipment and provide results faster than PCR and ELISA. Different format of Dengue RDTs are available in the market which can detect NS1, IgM and IgG. Detection of NS1, IgM and IgG in single RDT, not only detects primary dengue but also detects past dengue infection and can be helpful in disease prognosis. Many studies have been conducted previously focusing on individual markers of dengue RDTs and not the combined assessment of the test. This has significantly impeded healthcare providers to decide on deciding which overall tests is best to diagnose acute dengue and detects past dengue in a single test format. Hence, this study will aim to perform a head-to-head comparison of Dengue RDTs which detects antigen and antibodies in single test format currently in the market to diagnose acute dengue to help stakeholder decision making more broadly.
Partnering to Achieve School Success (PASS) is a personalized, enhanced behavioral intervention for ADHD that includes evidence-based behavior therapy strategies and enhancements to promote family engagement in treatment, team-based care, and high quality therapy. Caregivers engage in up to 12 sessions with a behavioral health provider over the course of 16 weeks that are specifically tailored to caregiver goals and values.
Rovalpituzumab tesirine 0.2-0.4 mg/kg administered intravenously on Day 1 of each 6-week cycle. Dexamethasone 8 mg administered orally twice daily on Day -1, Day 1 (the day of dosing), and Day 2 of each 6-week cycle.
Nebulizer use in young children is common with prevalence of 33-71% in children under age 12 years. Nebulizers are used primarily to administer SABA medications, (i.e., albuterol) and some anti-inflammatory medications (i.e., budesonide, cromolyn). Parents may prefer nebulizer delivery due to the inability of young children to coordinate respiration with aerosol delivery and many parents lack confidence in administering metered-dose inhaler (MDI) medications to young children. Physician preference for nebulizer administration of asthma medications is low, but is favored due to direct medication delivery to the respiratory system despite studies indicating MDIs with spacers are as effective as nebulizers in delivering asthma medications to young children. Although national guidelines recommend a nebulizer with mask for children 2 years or younger most asthma educational programs lack specific content addressing appropriate nebulizer technique including when and what symptoms to treat at home, optimal length of a nebulized medication session, prevention of SABA overuse and appropriate cleaning and maintenance of the device. Because the overuse of home nebulizer SABA medications has been associated with fatal asthma, instruction and supervision of nebulized rescue medication delivery in addition to appropriate preventive medication use may reduce asthma morbidity and mortality .

The current study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a home-based nebulizer educational intervention (NEI) for young children with asthma. The intervention was designed to teach early symptom recognition, appropriate medication use and nebulizer technique for home treatment of acute asthma episodes. Study outcomes included symptom frequency, activity limitation, emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations, appropriate asthma medication use and nebulizer practice. We hypothesized that children receiving the NEI would demonstrate improvement in appropriate nebulizer and asthma medication use and decreased asthma symptoms, activity limitation, ED visits and hospitalizations.
1453703 Cyclopropylmethylamine derivatives SCIENCE-UNION ET CIE SOC FRANCAISE DE RECHERCHE MEDICALE 13 Dec 1973 [28 Dec 1972] 59886/72 Heading C2C Novel compounds have the Formula I in which R 1  and R 2  which are the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1-6  alkyl radical, an unsubstituted cyclopropyl radical or a cyclopropyl radical bearing one or more C 1-6  alkyl radicals; R<SP>1</SP> represents a C 1-6  alkyl radical; R 3  represents a hydrogen atom or a C 1-6  alkyl radical; A represents -O-, -S-, or -NH-; n is 0, 1 or 2; and n<SP>1</SP> is 0, 1, 2 or 3. Also claimed per se are the acid addition salts of compounds of Formula I with mineral or organic acids and the optically active forms of said compounds of Formula I (e.g. obtained by resolution with an optically active acid). The compounds of Formula I are obtained by condensing a compound of Formula II either (a) with a #-haloalkyl isocyanate or isothiocyanate of Formula III in which A is -O- or -S-, Hal is Cl or Br and n<SP>11</SP> is 2, 3 or 4, to form a disubstituted urea or thiourea of Formula IV and cyclizing the latter by heating (e.g. in aqueous medium at 50-120 C.) to form a compound of Formula I in which A is -O- or -S-; or (b) with a cyclic S-methyl isothiourea of Formula V in which n is 0, 1 or 2 and preferably by heating to 50 to 150 C. in a polar solvent, to form a compound of Formula I in which A is -NH-. Compounds of Formula I in which A is an oxygen atom are also obtained by reacting a compound of Formula II with an aryl haloformate of formula in which Hal<SP>1</SP> is F or Cl and Ar is a phenyl radical optionally substituted by one or more radicals of electrophilic character (e.g. -NO 2 ), preferably in the presence of a basic agent, to produce a carbamate of Formula VI condensing the latter with an aminoalkanol of Formula VII (e.g. in an aqueous medium) to obtain a compound of Formula VIII submitting the latter to the action of a chlorinating brominating agent to form the corresponding #-haloalkyl urea and cyclizing this latter compound by warming to produce a compound of Formula I in which A is oxygen. The compounds of Formula I are physiologically active and are included in pharmaceutical preparations.
Patients allocated to MBP will be instructed by the study nurse to prepare their bowel mechanically by drinking 3\~4L of polyethylene glycol (Polyethylene Glycol Electrolytes Powder 68.56g; Shenzhen, China) with water before 6pm in the evening the day before the surgery. Patients allocated to NBP were instructed to not prepare the bowel. The receipt of the allocated intervention will be controlled by study nurse asking the patients on the morning of the surgery whether they had acted as instructed by the allocation. This information will be also concealed from treating physicians and surgeons, data collectors, and data analysts, until the primary and secondary outcomes were analyzed. All patients will follow the ERAS protocol. Prophylactic intravenous antibiotics (cephamycin 1000mg) will be given to all patients 30 minutes before skin incision. The prophylactic intravenous antibiotics will re-administered if the surgery lasted longer than 3h from the first antibiotic dose. Surgical skin preparation will involve taking a bath well the night before operation without shaving the hair. Just before skin incision, the area will then washed three times with denatured 80% alcohol to left to dry.
This invention is based on strong antioxidants which are useful for all age group. The basic composition of ingredients are-EPA 150 mg, DHA 100 mg, Folic Acid 5 mg and Lycopene 50 mg. DHA is a major fatty acid in sperm and brain phospholipids, particularly in the retina. Dietary DHA may reduce the risk of heart disease by reducing the level of blood triglycerides in humans. Low levels of DHA have been associated with Alzheimer's disease. Vitamin B9 (folic acid and folate inclusive) is essential to numerous bodily functions ranging from nucleotide biosynthesis to the remethylation of homocysteine. The human body needs folate to synthesize DNA, repair DNA, and methylate DNA as well as to act as a cofactor in biological reactions involving folate. It is especially important during periods of rapid cell division and growth. Both children and adults require folic acid to produce healthy red blood cells and prevent anemia. Folate and folic acid derive their names from the Latin word folium (which means "leaf"). Leafy vegetables are a principal source, although in Western diets fortified cereals and bread may be a larger dietary source. EPA has inhibitory effect on CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 hepatic enzymes. At high dose, it may also inhibit the activity of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, important enzymes involved in drug metabolism. EPA improves the response of patients to chemotherapy, possibly by modulating the production of eicosanoid. It might also reduce the risk of developing certain types of cancer; including multiple myeloma. Lycopene helps neutralize harmful free radicals, which are implicated in cancer, heart disease, macular degeneration and other age- related illnesses. The evidence for a benefit was strongest for cancers of the prostate, lung, and stomach. Data were also suggestive of a benefit for cancers of the pancreas, colon and rectum, esophagus, oral cavity, breast, and cervix.
### Consideration of a Dose Lower than that Determined by the Algorithm:

The dosing algorithm shown above should be used to determine the individualized dose of TIKOSYN. In clinical trials (see CLINICAL STUDIES), the highest dose of 500 mcg BID of TIKOSYN as modified by the dosing algorithm led to greater effectiveness than lower doses of 125 or 250 mcg BID as modified by the dosing algorithm. The risk of Torsade de Pointes, however, is related to dose as well as to patient characteristics (see WARNINGS). Physicians, in consultation with their patients, may therefore in some cases choose doses lower than determined by the algorithm. It is critically important that if at any time this lower dose is increased, the patient needs to be rehospitalized for three days. Previous toleration of higher doses does not eliminate the need for rehospitalization.

The maximum recommended dose in patients with a calculated creatinine clearance greater than 60 mL/min is 500 mcg BID; doses greater than 500 mcg BID have been associated with an increased incidence of Torsade de Pointes.

A patient who misses a dose should NOT double the next dose. The next dose should be taken at the usual time.

### Cardioversion:

If patients do not convert to normal sinus rhythm within 24 hours of initiation of TIKOSYN therapy, electrical conversion should be considered. Patients continuing on TIKOSYN after successful electrical cardioversion should continue to be monitored by electrocardiography for 12 hours post cardioversion, or a minimum of 3 days after initiation of TIKOSYN therapy, whichever is greater.
Air freshener consists of crystals of starting material (pref. heliotropin, vanillin, musk ketone, musk seed or musk xylene or their mixts) impregnated with liq. perfumes. Impregnation is carried out with heating. A pref. process comprises melting 8.5 kg of starting material and heating it to 80 degrees C. 1.5 kg of liquid perfume concentrate is added and the mixt. stirred 3 mins while maintaining the same temp. It is then poured into a vessel in which if forms a layer is not >5 cm high. Ultrasonic waves are passed through for 5 mins. to homogenise it. It is allowed to cool while stirring, to give a solid sheet which is broken up to give irregular particles. The air freshener may be placed in drawers, cupboards etc. It operates under ambient temp. conditions.
Participants randomized into this arm will be offered WET-SP which will consist of 5 treatment sessions, conducted daily while the participant is hospitalized, allowing for the largest dose of treatment possible while inpatient. If a patient is discharged prior to the completion of WET-SP, the remaining sessions will be conducted in outpatient sessions. Participants in this arm will also be offered TAU.
Prolonged exposure to iron powder and other mineral dusts can threaten the health of individuals, especially those with COPD. The goal of this study was to determine how environmental exposure to metal dust from two different mining centers in Brazil affects lung mechanics, inflammation, remodeling and oxidative stress responses in healthy and elastase-exposed mice. This study divided 72 male C57Bl/6 mice into two groups, the summer group and the winter group. These groups were further divided into six groups: control, nonexposed (SAL); nonexposed, given elastase (ELA); exposed to metal powder at a mining company (SAL-L1 and ELA-L1); and exposed to a location three miles away from the mining company (SAL-L2 and ELA-L2) for four weeks. On the 29th day of the protocol, the researchers assessed lung mechanics, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), inflammation, remodeling, oxidative stress, macrophage iron and alveolar wall alterations (mean linear intercept-Lm). The Lm was increased in the ELA, ELA-L1 and ELA-L2 groups compared to the SAL group (p < 0.05). There was an increase in the total number of cells and macrophages in the ELA-L1 and ELA-L2 groups compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Compared to the ELA and SAL groups, the exposed groups (ELA-L1, ELA-L2, SAL-L1, and SAL-L2) exhibited increased expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, neutrophil elastase, TIMP-1, MMP-9, MMP-12, TGF-β, collagen fibers, MUC5AC, iNOS, Gp91phox, NFkB and iron positive macrophages (p < 0.05). Although we did not find differences in lung mechanics across all groups, there were low to moderate correlations between inflammation remodeling, oxidative stress and NFkB with elastance, resistance of lung tissue and iron positive macrophages (p < 0.05). Environmental exposure to iron, confirmed by evaluation of iron in alveolar macrophages and in air, exacerbated inflammation, initiated remodeling, and induced oxidative stress responses in exposed mice with and without emphysema. Activation of the iNOS, Gp91phox and NFkB pathways play a role in these changes.
Retinal detachment is a major cause of blindness, particularly among contemporary Asian populations due to the high prevalence of myopia. Without timely treatment, retinal detachment invariably results in blindness. As the only effective treatment is surgery, much effort has been invested to enhancing surgical outcome of retinal detachment repair. Advances in new instrumentations, viewing systems and refined surgical techniques have all contributed to improved rate of retinal re-attachment (anatomical outcome). Nevertheless, successful re-attachment of the retina after surgery does not always restore vision (visual outcome), especially when retinal detachment involves the macula ("macula-off" retinal detachment). The reason for poor visual outcome is believed to be due to apoptosis of photoreceptors, which may occur early and rapidly after the onset of retinal detachment. Neuroprotection has therefore been considered a valid strategy to improve visual outcome of retinal detachment surgery. Lutein is a promising potent neuroprotective agent for the retina, and has been shown in preliminary clinical and laboratory studies that it could salvage photorecepters in retinal detachment. We hypothesize that oral intake of lutein soon after onset of retinal detachment could prevent photoreceptor neurons from dying and thus limit the loss of vision. To test such hypothesis, we propose to conduct a double-masked, randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of lutein as an adjuvant therapy to improve visual outcome for surgical repair of primary rhematogenous retinal detachment involving the macula in Asian Singaporeans. The potential clinical and scientific significance of this trial is clear. It may provide first evidence that pharmacological neuroprotection can be used as an effective therapeutic modality in the clinical management of retinal detachment, and result in a paradigm shift in clinical practice, ultimately leading to better visual outcome and quality of life for patients undertaking surgical repair of retinal detachment.
In a cold environment (15-17°C and 40-50% relative humidity), participants will stay in a sited position for 20 minutes in order to collect baseline data and to allow their blood flow and body temperature adapt to the exposing environmental condition. Immediately after the baseline period participants will immerse their left hand and foot in warm water (34-36°C) for five minutes for a consistent starting (hand and foot) temperature. Following that participants will immerse their hand and foot in cold water (8°C) for 40 minutes.
Each subject receives an individually selected homeopathic remedy (individualized homeopathic remedy) as an add on to the conventional standardized pharmacological treatment he/she is receiving prior and during study. Standardized pharmacological treatment will be monitored and approved at first hospital neurological visit and as a requirement needs to be unchanged within 3 months prior inclusion and throughout the study.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. The majority of GIST are driven by activating mutuations of KIT (60-70%) or platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA, 10-15%), in which KIT exon 11 mutation (52-58%) and KIT exon 9 mutation (6-9%) are the most common types of KIT mutations. Patients with different activating KIT mutations have different sensitivity to imatinib therapy. In the first-line therapy, patients with KIT exon 11 mutation receiving Imatinib with standard dose of 400mg/d has the best therapeutic effect. Patients with KIT exon 9 mutation have poor sensitivity to the standard dose of imatinib, while higher doses can lead to better outcomes. The clinical outcomes may correlate with IM exposure. However, the efficacy threshold of imatinib in Chinese patients with advanced GIST remains unclear. The investigators aim to establish the efficacy threshold of imatinib plasma trough concentration (Cmin) at steady-state in Chinese patients with advanced GIST, additionally to define subgroup thresholds based on various primary KIT mutations.