anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Clinical studies of prednisolone sodium phosphate oral solution did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience with prednisolone sodium phosphate has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. However, the incidence of corticosteroid-induced side effects may be increased in geriatric patients and appear to be dose-related. Osteoporosis is the most frequently encountered complication, which occurs at a higher incidence rate in corticosteroid-treated geriatric patients as compared to younger populations and in age-matched controls. Losses of bone mineral density appear to be greatest early on in the course of treatment and may recover over time after steroid withdrawal or use of lower doses (i.e., ≤5 mg/day). Prednisolone doses of 7.5 mg/day or higher have been associated with an increased relative risk of both vertebral and nonvertebral fractures, even in the presence of higher bone density compared to patients with involutional osteoporosis.

Routine screening of geriatric patients, including regular assessments of bone mineral density and institution of fracture prevention strategies along with regular review of prednisolone sodium phosphate indication should be undertaken to minimize complications and keep the dose at the lowest acceptable level. Co-administration of bisphosphonates has been shown to retard the rate of bone loss in corticosteroid-treated males and post-menopausal females, and these agents are recommended in the prevention and treatment of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis.

It has been reported that equivalent weight-based doses yield higher total and unbound prednisolone plasma concentrations and reduced renal and non-renal clearance in elderly patients compared to younger populations. However, it is not clear whether dosing reductions would be necessary in elderly patients, since these pharmacokinetic alterations may be offset by age-related differences in responsiveness of target organs and/or less pronounced suppression of adrenal release of cortisol. Dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.

This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY).
Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune disease with a strong association with human leukocyte antigen (HLA), characterized by the production of specific autoantibodies and immune-mediated enterocyte killing. CeD is a unique autoimmune condition, as it is the only one in which the environmental trigger is known: gluten, a storage protein present in wheat, barley, and rye. How and when the loss of tolerance of the intestinal mucosa to gluten occurs is still unknown. This event, through the activation of adaptive immune responses, enhances epithelial cell death, increases the permeability of the epithelial barrier, and induces secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, resulting in the transition from genetic predisposition to the actual onset of the disease. While the role of gastrointestinal infections as a possible trigger has been considered on the basis of a possible mechanism of antigen mimicry, a more likely alternative mechanism appears to involve a complex disruption of the gastrointestinal microbiota ecosystem triggered by infections, rather than the specific effect of a single pathogen on intestinal mucosal homeostasis. Several lines of evidence show the existence of intestinal dysbiosis that precedes the onset of CeD in genetically at-risk subjects, characterized by the loss of protective bacterial elements that both epigenetically and functionally can influence the response of the intestinal epithelium leading to the loss of gluten tolerance. We have conducted a literature review in order to summarize the current knowledge about the complex and in part still unraveled dysbiosis that precedes and accompanies CeD and present some exciting new data on how this dysbiosis might be prevented and/or counteracted. The literature search was conducted on PubMed.gov in the time frame 2010 to March 2024 utilizing the terms "celiac disease and microbiota", "celiac disease and microbiome", and "celiac disease and probiotics" and restricting the search to the following article types: Clinical Trials, Meta-Analysis, Review, and Systematic Review. A total of 364 papers were identified and reviewed. The main conclusions of this review can be outlined as follows: (1) quantitative and qualitative changes in gut microbiota have been clearly documented in CeD patients; (2) intestinal microbiota's extensive and variable interactions with enterocytes, viral and bacterial pathogens and even gluten combine to impact the inflammatory immune response to gluten and the loss of gluten tolerance, ultimately affecting the pathogenesis, progression, and clinical expression of CeD; (3) gluten-free diet fails to restore the eubiosis of the digestive tract in CeD patients, and also negatively affects microbial homeostasis; (4) new tools allowing targeted microbiota therapy, such as the use of probiotics (a good example being precision probiotics like the novel strain of B. vulgatus (20220303-A2) begin to show exciting potential applications.
OBJECTIVE: To explore and analyze the incidence rate, influencing factors and impact on prognosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with Philadelphia chromosome negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (Ph- MPNs).
METHODS: The clinical data of 271 patients with Ph- MPNs were retrospectively analyzed, and different disease subtypes were classified. Patients with different disease types were further divided into PH+ and PH- groups according to whether HP occurred. Statistical methods were used to analyze the incidence rate, risk factors, and impact on prognosis of PH in Ph- MPNs patients.
RESULTS: The overall incidence rate of PH among 271 patients was 26.9%, and according to the classification of disease subtypes, it was found that the incidence rate of PH in patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) was significantly higher than those of patients with polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia (both P <0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that advanced age, long disease course, JAK2 positive and increased hematocrit, lactate dehydrogenase, monocyte count, and uric acid level were independent risk factors for PH in Ph- MPNs patients (OR >1, P <0.05), and there were some differences in the independent risk factors between different disease subtypes. Survival analysis results showed that the overall survival (OS) rate of PH+ patients was significantly lower than that of PH- patients in other types except for PMF (all P <0.05).
CONCLUSION: The incidence rate of PH in Ph- MPNs patients is high, and its risk factors are diverse. The OS rate of Ph- MPNs patients with PH is low. Therefore, we should be highly alert to the occurrence of PH in Ph- MPNs patients clinically.
Timing of CABG surgery within 24 hours of reaching a normalized platelet function (NPF). NPF defined as a PRU value \>235 or a PRU value between \>170 and \<235 for two consecutive days as documented by VerifyNow assay.
As part of this study, investigators will review medical records to be sure that the patient meets the required criteria and is healthy enough to take part in this study.

The study will consist of five separate visits to the Clinical research Center at the University of Florida and each visit will last anywhere from 6-8 hours. Patients will be given a diary of questionnaires where they will record when they take their medication and any side effects they might have. Patients will also have Electrocardiograms (ECGs) to make sure they are healthy enough to be a participant in the study and to measure the effects of their medication on their heart. During this study, patients will continue treatment of their Mycobacterium avium Complex infections. Patients will be observed taking their medication on each of the five separate days. On each of these days patients will have blood drawn at 2 and 6 hours after their drugs are taken in order to measure drug levels in their blood. We will also use this blood to measure levels of proteins and hormones and to make sure the medications are not affecting the patient's heart. The patient will fill out several questionnaires and do a dietary assessment online. Investigators will assess the patient's body make-up using a device called the Bod Pod. The patient will also be assigned to one of two treatment groups: (1) Ondansetron 8mg (Zofran®, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC) every morning before breakfast versus (2) a dietary supplement prior to taking daily medication. The patient will be assigned to the first treatment group for a period of two weeks. On the third study visit investigators will switch the patient to the second group.

Although the incidence of tuberculosis has decreased in the United States over the last few decades, the incidence of chronic pulmonary infections with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) appears to be increasing. Unfortunately, a common problem in the management of these infections is the inability of elderly patients to tolerate the currently recommended multidrug regimen of (1) azithromycin or clarithromycin, (2) rifampin or rifabutin, and (3) ethambutol. The most frequent adverse reactions of MAC treatment are gastrointestinal (GI), most commonly associated with the macrolides and rifampin. Although macrolide toxicity is generally dose-related, the role of routine monitoring of drug concentrations and subsequent dose adjustment has not been studied. The role of anti-emetics or dietary supplements to mitigate these symptoms is also not defined.
In 2020, when COVID-19 patients first recognized their complex and progressive symptoms, patient activists defined "Long Covid" on social media. While patient support groups are by no means new, the predominance of online support groups and those leveraging the power of social media has become a defining characteristic of Long Covid. In this article, we argue that naming Long Covid served as a powerful conduit of legitimacy for patient activists in media, medicine, and policy. We conducted 57 in-depth qualitative interviews with patients (n = 22), clinicians (n = 20), and policy and academic experts (n = 15). We found naming was not a primary area of contention. In contrast, patients found pride and a sense of identity within the terms. Many clinicians struggled with diagnostics because Long Covid lacks clear biological tests, while patients were consistently disappointed by the lack of positive tests and clarity around their symptomatology. The heterogeneity of the Long Covid experience, as well as the diversity of symptoms, further provides opportunities for contestation and disbelief among clinicians and policymakers not only in diagnostics but also in disability rights. Thus, the power of patient activism has transformed how the condition is perceived among and between patients, clinicians, policymakers, and the media in unprecedented ways that will likely have longstanding impacts on how IACCs are viewed in medicine and the public alike.
Alveolar and interstitial macrophages play crucial roles in eradicating pathogens and transformed cells in the lungs. The immune checkpoint CD47, found on normal and malignant cells, interacts with the SIRPα ligand on macrophages, inhibiting phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and promoting immune evasion. In this study, we demonstrated that CD47 is not only a transmembrane protein, but that it is also highly concentrated in extracellular vesicles from lung cancer cell lines and patient plasma. Abundant CD47 was observed in the cytoplasm of lung cancer cells, aligning with our finding that it was packed into extracellular vesicles for physiological and pathological functions. In our clinical cohort, extracellular vesicle CD47 was significantly higher in the patients with early-stage lung cancer, emphasizing innate immunity inactivation in early tumor progression. To validate our hypothesis, we established an orthotopic xenograft model mimicking lung cancer development, which showed increased serum soluble CD47 and elevated IL-10/TNF-α ratio, indicating an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment. CD47 expression led to reduced tumor-infiltrating macrophages during progression, while there was a post-xenograft increase in tumor-associated macrophages. In conclusion, CD47 is pivotal in early lung cancer progression, with soluble CD47 emerging as a key pathological effector.
The partial or complete loss of the sense of smell, which affects about 20% of the population, impairs the quality of life in many ways. Dysosmia and anosmia are mainly caused by aging, trauma, infections, or even neurodegenerative disease. Recently, the olfactory area-a site containing the olfactory receptor cells responsible for odor perception-was shown to harbor a complex microbiome that reflects the state of olfactory function. This initially observed correlation between microbiome composition and olfactory performance needed to be confirmed using a larger study cohort and additional analyses. A total of 120 participants (middle-aged, no neurodegenerative disease) were enrolled in the study to further analyze the microbial role in human olfactory function. Olfactory performance was assessed using the Sniffin' Stick battery, and participants were grouped accordingly (normosmia: n = 93, dysosmia: n = 27). The olfactory microbiome was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and supplemented by metatranscriptomics in a subset (Nose 2.0). Propidium monoazide (PMA) treatment was performed to distinguish between intact and non-intact microbiome components. The gastrointestinal microbiome of these participants was also characterized by amplicon sequencing and metabolomics and then correlated with food intake. Our results confirm that normosmics and dysosmics indeed possess a distinguishable olfactory microbiome. Alpha diversity (i.e., richness) was significantly increased in dysosmics, reflected by an increase in the number of specific taxa (e.g., Rickettsia, Spiroplasma, and Brachybacterium). Lower olfactory performance was associated with microbial signatures from the oral cavity and periodontitis (Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, and Selenomonas). However, PMA treatment revealed a higher accumulation of dead microbial material in dysosmic subjects. The gastrointestinal microbiome partially overlapped with the nasal microbiome but did not show substantial variation with respect to olfactory performance, although the diet of dysosmic individuals was shifted toward a higher meat intake. Dysosmia is associated with a higher burden of dead microbial material in the olfactory area, indicating an impaired clearance mechanism. As the microbial community of dysosmics (hyposmics and anosmics) appears to be influenced by the oral microbiome, further studies should investigate the microbial oral-nasal interplay in individuals with partial or complete olfactory loss.IMPORTANCEThe loss of the sense of smell is an incisive event that is becoming increasingly common in today's world due to infections such as COVID-19. Although this loss usually recovers a few weeks after infection, in some cases, it becomes permanent-why is yet to be answered. Since this condition often represents a psychological burden in the long term, there is a need for therapeutic approaches. However, treatment options are limited or even not existing. Understanding the role of the microbiome in the impairment of olfaction may enable the prediction of olfactory disorders and/or could serve as a possible target for therapeutic interventions.
ORBACTIV is administered as a single dose by intravenous infusion, using a total infusion time of 3 hours to minimize the risk of infusion-related reactions. Infusion related reactions have been reported with the glycopeptide class of antimicrobial agents, including oritavancin products (e.g. ORBACTIV), including flushing of the upper body, urticaria, pruritus and/or rash [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. Infusion reactions characterized by chest pain, back pain, chills and tremor have been observed with the use of ORBACTIV, including after the administration of more than one dose of ORBACTIV during a single course of therapy.

Stopping or slowing the infusion may result in cessation of these reactions. The safety and effectiveness of more than one dose of ORBACTIV during a single course of therapy have not been established [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plate denture which is excellent in esthetic property without imposing a load on a residual tooth, is stably mounted without making mounting work complicated, and is used for a long period of time.  <P>SOLUTION: The plate denture 210 is mounted by arranging and forming an artificial tooth 30 in a denture base 220 and attaching the denture base 220 to the alveolar ridge 50 of a user. A part corresponding to the natural tooth residual part 50A of the alveolar ridge 50 in the denture base 220 is mainly formed of an elastic synthetic resin. A notched part 223 is formed in accordance with the residual tooth 60 and the end part of the notched part 223 is tightly stuck onto the gum part 64 of the residual tooth 60. The outer extension part 22a and the inner extension part 22b of a part corresponding to the natural tooth not-residual part, in the alveolar ridge 50 are mainly formed of a thermoplastic resin, where plasticization temperature is 50-80°C.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Participants in this arm worked with a Community Health Worker (CHW) who provided the Living Healthy Program. The Living Healthy Program was a cognitive-behavioral therapy based lifestyle modification program. Participants and CHW interacted by telephone 8 times over 3 months.
BACKGROUND: Recently, the mechanism of thrombogenesis has taken a new direction with the involvement of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). However, little is known about the relationship between NETs and thrombogenesis in atrial fibrillation (AF).
OBJECTIVE: Our study aimed to evaluate NETs in AF patients and their potential association with thrombogenesis. In addition, we studied the effect of NETs on thrombogenesis in rat models.
METHODS: A total of 125 AF patients and 172 controls were studied. Spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) was examined using transesophageal echocardiography to assess the prothrombotic state. We used rapid atrial pacing (RAP) rat models to study NETs' formation and their effects on thrombogenesis. The levels of NETs were analyzed by flow cytometry. To deeply understand the regulatory mechanism of NET formation, the transcriptional characteristics of the left atrial appendage (LAA) tissue from RAP rats were analyzed.
RESULTS: We found that NETs were increased significantly in AF patients and positively correlated with SEC grades. And inserting the NET level could significantly enhance the predictivity of CHA2DS2-VASc scores for the AF prothrombotic state. In the RAP models, we observed that NET levels increased significantly in the LAA and promoted thrombosis. Meanwhile, we found that these changes could be suppressed by the NET formation inhibitor. Transcriptomic analysis of the LAA tissue from RAP rats suggested that RAP might stimulate the NET formation by promoting the expression of inflammatory cytokine and adhesion genes.
CONCLUSION: NETs may constitute useful thrombogenesis risk markers in AF patients and provide a potential therapeutic strategy for AF management.
PURPOSE:A pack cosmetic having a high film formation rate, comprising (A) the first component sol, formed by adding a specific water-soluble high polymer to polyvinyl alcohol, and (B) the second component sol, formed by adding a specific  lactate to polyvinyl alcohol. CONSTITUTION:A water-soluble high polymer, e.g. sodium or potassium alginate, sodium polyacrylate, or pectin, which gels by adding a bivalent metal lactate or chloride thereto, is added to polyvinyl alcohol to form (A) the first component sol. A bivalent metal lactate is added to polyvinyl alcohol to form (B) the second component sol. The skin is coated with the sol (A), and then the sol (B), which gelatinizes (A) with the bivalent metal salt to form a film. Thus, a pack cosmetic is obtained immediately. The sol (B) dries in about 15min to form a film which is strippable.
RAD001 30 mg orally on Days 1 and 8. Docetaxel 40 mg/m\^2 intravenous (IV) over 1 hour on Day 1. Dexamethasone 8 mg orally twice daily for 3 days, starting 24 hours prior to the administration of Docetaxel.
Naproxen Sodium 550 mg film-coated tablet prescribed by the physician will be given to patients. During the menstrual period, 1 or 2 times a day will be used depending on the pain of the patient. Treatment time; 12 weeks.
Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS, RSH, OMIM #270400) is an autosomal recessive, multiple malformation, mental retardation syndrome due to an inborn error of cholesterol biosynthesis. Specifically, these patients have a deficiency of 3 beta-hydroxysterol Delta 7-reductase activity due to mutation of the 3 beta-hydroxysterol delta 7-reductase gene (DHCR7). This enzymatic deficiency impairs the conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) to cholesterol in the last step of cholesterol biosynthesis via the Kandutch-Russel biosynthetic pathway. The clinical manifestations of SLOS are extremely variable and the phenotypic spectrum is broad. At the severe end of the spectrum SLOS is a lethal disorder with multiple major congenital anomalies, and in mild cases SLOS combines minor physical stigmata with behavioral and learning disabilities. Based on clinical studies, the incidence of SLOS is on the order of 1/10,000 to 1/60,000. Molecular studies have shown a carrier frequency of about 1% for the most common SLOS mutant allele in North American populations. Currently therapy is based on dietary cholesterol supplementation. Although clinical improvement has been noted, serum cholesterol levels are rarely normalized and elevated serum 7-DHC levels persist. Because elevated 7-DHC levels may have toxic effects, treatment of SLOS patients with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor has been proposed. Two small (two-patient) open trials of simvastatin therapy in SLOS have been reported. One of these trials showed improved clinical status, decreased 7-DHC levels and increased cholesterol levels. The second trial showed decreased 7-DHC levels; however, treatment had to be discontinued in one patient with preexisting liver disease. The goal of this clinical research protocol will be to test the clinical efficacy and safety of simvastatin therapy in mild to classical SLOS patients using a double blinded, crossover design.