anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen (JPYS) formula is an effective herbal therapy against renal injury, and JPYS has been clinically applied to ameliorate chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CKD-associated anemia. Increasing evidence supports the link between renal fibrosis and anemia in CKD. JPYS possessed anti-fibrosis effects in experimental CKD. Nevertheless, research on the mechanisms of JPYS in ameliorating renal anemia (RA) through suppressing renal fibrosis remains to be clarified.
AIM OF THE STUDY: Our study here was carried out to investigate the mechanisms of JPYS in protecting against RA.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: An adenine-induced anemia model in rats with CKD at three different time points was established, and bio-samples taken from each group were analyzed. Biochemical analysis was employed to detect kidney function and hematological parameters. Masson staining was used to evaluate renal fibrosis of rats. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were utilized to evaluate the expressions of fibrotic markers, erythropoietin (EPO) and hypoxia inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) in the kidneys of rats. Subsequently, transcriptomic analysis was conducted to disclose the possible mechanisms of JPYS in treating RA. Finally, the expression levels of key targets were analyzed and validated by using Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
RESULTS: JPYS treatment improved kidney function, suppressed renal fibrosis and enhanced hematological parameters in CKD rats. Moreover, JPYS treatment restored the increased expression levels of fibrotic markers and the declined EPO with time dependence. In parallel, data indicated JPYS treatment stimulated the translocation of HIF-2α into nucleus in the renal interstitium and thus promoted the expression of EPO. Transcriptomic profiling disclosed that activations of both nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad pathways were closely associated with RA. Ultimately, experimental validation results presented that the increased expressions of target proteins from the above-mentioned two pathways in the kidneys were decreased significantly after JPYS treatment.
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that JPYS may improve RA by alleviating renal fibrosis, and the mechanisms of which involve in inhibiting the NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad pathways.
Methods. In the developing study, three variables were found as predictors of mayor outcomes and were incorporated in a multidimensional index: the apnea-hypopnea index, the severity of daytime sleepiness as quantified by the Epworth questionnaire and the presence of current cardiovascular disease. The index (OSA-SCORE) has a value between 0 (less risk) to 5 (more risk). For each point, a significant increment in the risk of death was found. In the retrospective validation study, a number of potential variables will be recorded, all of them also predictors of major outcomes. Data will be recorded by trained personnel on-site at the respiratory Sleep Units around the country. The final cohort will include 1100 subjects aged \> 18 years . The observation time will be considered since the time at diagnosis to fatal event and the patient will be censored when non-invasive ventilation was started or at the recorded time if the patient is alive. The primary outcome is all-cause death.
This invention provides nanocrystals or polymer doped nanocrystals of hydrophobic drug molecules as stably dispersed in an aqueous system which are prepared without stabilizers like surfactants and the like. In one embodiment, the drug is a tetra-pyrrole compound. An example is the hydrophobic photosensitizing anticancer drug 2-devinyl-2-(1-hexyloxyethyl)pyropheophorbide (HPPH). Pharmaceutical compositions comprising nanocrystals or polymer doped nanocrystals of hydrophobic drugs can be used for therapeutic purposes. For example pyropheophorbides such as HPPH can be used for photodynamic therapy. Drug efficacy of these nanocrystals were found to be comparable with that of same drug formulated in conventional delivery vehicles under in vitro and in vivo conditions.
The Zilver® PTX™ Drug Eluting Vascular Stent is indicated for the treatment of symptomatic vascular disease of the above-the-knee femoropopliteal artery (ranging from 4 mm to 9 mm in reference vessel diameter) for lesions up to 7 cm long. The above-the-knee femoropopliteal artery is defined as the superficial femoral artery (SFA) and the region of the popliteal artery above the plane of the femoral epicondyles. The clinical trial is stratified by lesion length. The trial will be conducted in 2 phases, with Phase 1 enrolling patients with lesions less than 7 cm long. Phase 2 of the trial will include longer lesions (up to 14 cm long) and will be initiated upon approval by the FDA.

This study will include 480 patients who will receive the Zilver PTX stent or Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) at up to 100 investigational sites. Clinical data will be captured on paper and electronic case report forms. Analyses will include evaluation of the composite event-free survival rate and the patency rate at 6- and 12-month follow-up. Event-free survival is defined as freedom from the major adverse events of death, target lesion revascularization, target limb ischemia requiring surgical intervention (bypass or amputation of toe, foot or leg), surgical repair of the target vessel (e.g., dissection requiring surgery), and from worsening of the Rutherford classification by 2 classes or to class 5 or 6. Patency will be assessed by duplex ultrasound in all patients. Patients may be randomized to one or more of the following sub-studies: IVUS and angiography at 6 months (stent patients only), angiography at 12 months, pharmacokinetic substudy (Zilver PTX patients only), or ultrasound (PTA patients only). The trial also includes provisions for patients experiencing PTA failure. These patients may be randomized to receive a Zilver PTX stent or a bare Zilver stent.
PURPOSE:To obtain a skin cosmetic, excellent in stability with time, good in skin permeability and capable of exhibiting excellent cell activating function and skin adjusting effects by blending an extract of Ganoderma lucidum Karst. converted into a liposome as an active ingredient with other ingredients. CONSTITUTION:A skin cosmetic, obtained by blending a liposome enclosing an extract of Ganoderma lucidum Karst, as an active ingredient in an amount of 0.01-20wt.%, preferably 0.5-5wt.% expressed in terms of dried substance of the above-mentioned extract in a skin cosmetic and having the aforementioned effects. Furthermore, the above-mentioned liposome is obtained by extracting fruit bodies or mycelia of one or more species of Ganoderma lucidum Karst. with a solvent, such as water, ethanol and/or propylene glycol, and applying ultrasonic waves to the resultant extract of the Ganoderma lucidum Karst. together with a phospholipid, such as soybean phospholipid, egg yolk phospholipid, hydrogenated soybean phospholipid, hydrogenated egg yolk phospholipid and/or synthetic phospholipid and water.
PURPOSE:To obtain a mouthwash liquid, containing an extract of a peony and citric acids, excellent in deodorizing effects and discoloration resistance and having halitosis inhibitory effects. CONSTITUTION:A mouthwash liquid obtained by containing an extract of a peony (e.g. called Chinese peony, red peony, white peony or half-dried peony) and citric acid and/or sodium citrate. A dried substance of a dried whole peony herb, preferably a dried shredded root is used to afford the extract. The extraction is carried out by using a solvent (e.g. water, acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol or ethanol). Properties of the peony extract in blending in the mouthwash liquid may be a solvent extract or a pasty substance prepared by further vacuum drying the above-mentioned extract. The amount of the blended extract is within the range of about 0.001-8wt.%, especially about 0.003-1.5wt.%.
PURPOSE: To prepare a tyrosinase biosynthesis promotor which contains an extract from a guarana plant as an active ingredient, promotes the biosynthesis of tyrosinase participating the melanin formation and is useful as a formulation component for cosmetics, medicines and quasi-drugs. CONSTITUTION: An extract from Paullinia cupana Kunth, a woody climbing shrub, a solution as it is, or in the form of a powder, is preferably formulated together with excipient, diluent and other additives in an arbitrary proportion to give a tyrosinase biosynthesis promotor preparation in the form of granule, emulsion, solution or suspension. The extract is obtained from Guarana seeds using a solvent. In addision, the guarana extract is formulated as an active ingredient in an amount of 0.01-10 pts.wt. to give a preventive from hair whitening or a hair cosmetic capable of blackening white hairs. A sun-burning cosmetic is prepared by using the extract as an active ingredient in an amount of 0.01-10wt.%, which can brown skins without unpleasantness.
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis consists of two main diseases, granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis, and remains among the most devastating and potentially lethal forms of autoimmune inflammatory disease. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis are characterised by a necrotising vasculitis that can involve almost any organ, and have generally been studied together. The diseases commonly affect the kidneys, lungs, upper respiratory tract, skin, eyes, and peripheral nerves. Granulomatous inflammation and multinucleated giant cells are key pathological hallmarks of granulomatosis with polyangiitis, but are absent in microscopic polyangiitis. Many immune system events are essential to disease aetiopathogenesis, such as activation of the alternative complement pathway, neutrophil activation via complement receptors, and the influx of inflammatory cells, including monocytes and macrophages. These cells perpetuate inflammation and lead to organ damage. During the 21st century, the management of ANCA-associated vasculitis has moved away from reliance on cytotoxic medications and towards targeted biological medications for both the induction and maintenance of disease remission. Earlier diagnosis, partly the result of more reliable ANCA testing, has led to improved patient outcomes and better survival. Reductions in acute disease-related mortality have now shifted focus to long-term morbidities related to ANCA-associated vasculitis and their treatments, such as chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. Therapeutic approaches in both clinical trials and clinical practice still remain too reliant on glucocorticoids, and continued efforts to reduce toxicity from glucocorticoids remain a priority in the development of new treatment strategies.
Although auditory stimuli benefit patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC), the optimal stimulus remains unclear. We explored the most effective electroencephalography (EEG)-tracking method for eliciting brain responses to auditory stimuli and assessed its potential as a neural marker to improve DOC diagnosis. We collected 58 EEG recordings from patients with DOC to evaluate the classification model's performance and optimal auditory stimulus. Using non-linear dynamic analysis (approximate entropy [ApEn]), we assessed EEG responses to various auditory stimuli (resting state, preferred music, subject's own name [SON], and familiar music) in 40 patients. The diagnostic performance of the optimal stimulus-induced EEG classification for vegetative state (VS)/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) and minimally conscious state (MCS) was compared with the Coma Recovery Scale-Revision in 18 patients using the machine learning cascade forward backpropagation neural network model. Regardless of patient status, preferred music significantly activated the cerebral cortex. Patients in MCS showed increased activity in the prefrontal pole and central, occipital, and temporal cortices, whereas those in VS/UWS showed activity in the prefrontal and anterior temporal lobes. Patients in VS/UWS exhibited the lowest preferred music-induced ApEn differences in the central, middle, and posterior temporal lobes compared with those in MCS. The resting state ApEn value of the prefrontal pole (0.77) distinguished VS/UWS from MCS with 61.11% accuracy. The cascade forward backpropagation neural network tested for ApEn values in the resting state and preferred music-induced ApEn differences achieved an average of 83.33% accuracy in distinguishing VS/UWS from MCS (based on K-fold cross-validation). EEG non-linear analysis quantifies cortical responses in patients with DOC, with preferred music inducing more intense EEG responses than SON and familiar music. Machine learning algorithms combined with auditory stimuli showed strong potential for improving DOC diagnosis. Future studies should explore the optimal multimodal sensory stimuli tailored for individual patients.Trial registration: The study is registered in the Chinese Registry of Clinical Trials (Approval no: KYLL-2023-414, Registration code: ChiCTR2300079310).
Surgical site infection (SSI) is a major postoperative complication after abdominal surgery especially in colorectal field, which significantly increases length of stay (LOS), readmission incidence and expense. Therefore, identification of the effective method to reduce SSI incidence is critically important. Colonic bacterial flora is the major cause of SSIs after elective colorectal procedures. For more than century, preoperative mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) has been utilized as it could theoretically decrease bacterial load within the surgical field, thus reduce risk of SSIs. Later afterwards with widely application of antibiotics, combination of oral antibiotics (OA) and MBP was conducted by surgeons to further decrease rates of SSIs. But SSIs still occurs despite of forehead mentioned methods, the best bowel preparation mode remains controversial. Since 2005, several RCTs and meta-analysises demonstrated MBP alone was not associated with reduced SSIs compared with no bowel preparation, while postoperative ileus, anastomotic leakage and other complications incidence increased paradoxically. Nevertheless, function of preoperative oral antibiotics remains debated. Recently, combination of oral antibiotics and MBP has been evaluated in several retrospective studies and demonstrated a significant decrease in the rate of SSIs. However, bias existence in these trials may affect result as information was exacted from national database without detailed matching. Herein, current randomized controlled trial comparing MBP+OA with MBP alone in postoperative complications in order to guide clinical practise was conducted.
The invention discloses a Japanese blood fluke SjLwr siRNA of a gene, said siRNA being: nucleotide sequences shown as SEQ ID NO.1 and SEQ ID NO. 2; or the nucleotide sequences shown in SEQ ID NO.3 and SEQ ID NO. 4; or the nucleotide sequences shown in SEQ ID NO.5 and SEQ ID NO. 6. The invention also discloses the schistosoma japonicum katsurada SjLwr Application of siRNA of gene. The invention relates to schistosoma japonicum SjLwr siRNA of gene can obviously inhibit SjLwr The gene transcription can obviously reduce the number of the bodies, the number of the eggs, the contribution rate of the eggs to the liver and the hatching rate of the eggs of each female worm, and certain pathological influence on the body structure of the bodies and the cell morphology of the gonads, and is suitable for preparing the medicine for preventing and treating schistosomiasis.
Melioidosis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei is an infectious disease with a high mortality rate. In acute melioidosis, sepsis is a major cause of death among patients. Once the bacterium enters the bloodstream, immune system dysregulation ensues, leading to cytokine storms. In contrast to B. pseudomallei, a closely related but non-virulent strain B. thailandensis has rarely been reported to cause cytokine storms or death in patients. However, the mechanisms in which the virulent B. pseudomallei causes sepsis are not fully elucidated. It is well-documented that monocytes play an essential role in cytokine production in the bloodstream. The present study, therefore, determined whether there is a difference in the innate immune response to B. pseudomallei and B. thailandensis during infection of primary human monocytes and THP-1 monocytic cells by investigating pyroptosis, an inflammatory death pathway known to play a pivotal role in sepsis. Our results showed that although both bacterial species exhibited a similar ability to invade human monocytes, only B. pseudomallei can significantly increase the release of cytosolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as well as the increases in caspase-1 and gasdermin D activations in both cell types. The results were consistent with the significant increase in IL-1β and IL-18 production, key cytokines involved in pyroptosis. Interestingly, there was no significant difference in other cytokine secretion, such as IL-1RA, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-15, IL-8, and IL-23 in cells infected by both bacterial species. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that ROS production played a crucial role in controlling pyroptosis activation during B. pseudomallei infection in primary human monocytes. These findings suggested that pyroptosis induced by B. pseudomallei in the human monocytes may contribute to the pathogenesis of sepsis in acute melioidosis patients.
PURPOSE:To obtain the title medicine containing an enol type delta-lactone (2,3,6- trihydroxy-4-oxo-2-hexene-5-olide) of diketogulonic acid and/or sodium salt thereof, etc., and capable of exhibiting toxicity-reducing effect by peroxide reaction. CONSTITUTION:The aimed medicine containing enol type delta-lactone (2,3,6- trihydroxy-4-oxo-2-hexene-5-olide) of diketogulonic acid expressed by the formula and/or sodium salt or potassium salt thereof as an active ingredient. Ene-diol type oxide of ascorbic acid reduces toxicity of adoriamycin by combination with vitamin E and exhibits action capable of reducing radiation disorder or peroxidation of lipid of liver by organic halogen compound. When used, the medicine is stored in dry state directly before using. The medicine may be preferably stored in state enclosing inert gas. Normally the medicine is used in a form of injection.
Interviews will be recorded, made anonymous and transcribed verbatim. The resulting text will be subjected to an inductive thematic analysis. The investigators will analyse the interviews to identify themes. Then, based on the preliminary results, higher key themes will be proposed, i.e. the themes most present and salient in the material. They will look for a concordance between the different members of each family. Several profiles may be proposed based on the patient's and parents' experiences and will be presented in the form of a thematic tree.

The study will be proposed to all eligible patients in order to obtain as much material as possible.
In the delayed treatment arm, the participants will receive a sham device that looks exactly the same, but only provides treatment for 2 seconds. At week 4, sham arm participants will be unblinded and shipped an active device (limited to Level 2 output even if a participant raises the dial beyond that). The delayed arm participants will continue with active devices for the remaining 4 weeks of the trial.
Fentanyl is an addictive prescription opioid that is over 80 times mora potent than morphine. The synthetic nature of fentanyl has enabled the creation of dangerous “designer drug’ analogues that escape toxicology screening, yet display comparable potency to the parent drug. Alarmingly, a large number of fatalities have been linked to overdose of fentanyl derivatives. Herein, we report an effective immunotherapy for reducing the psychoactive effects of fentanyl class drugs. A single conjugate vaccine was created that elicited high levels of antibodies with cross-reactivity for a wide panel of fentanyl analogues, Moreover, vaccinated mice gained significant protection from lethal fentanyl doses. Lastly, a surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based technique was established enabling drug specificity profiling of antibodies derived directly from serum. Our newly developed fentanyl vaccine and analytical methods may assist in the battle against synthetic opioid abuse.
PURPOSE: Current guidelines recommend triple therapy maintenance inhalers for patients with recurrent exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, these maintenance therapies are underutilized. This study aimed to understand how physicians make COPD treatment decisions, and how combination maintenance therapies are utilized in a real-world setting.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This exploratory, hypothesis-generating, non-interventional study used a cross-sectional online survey that was administered to a sample of practicing physicians in the United States. The survey included five fictitious vignettes detailing common symptoms experienced by patients with COPD. Survey questions included factors physicians consider in their decisions, and perceived barriers to prescribing treatments. Repeated measures multivariable analyses were conducted to evaluate how likely physicians were to switch to triple therapy versus no change to patient's current maintenance therapy or change to another maintenance therapy.
RESULTS: In total, 200 physicians completed the survey. Cost of treatment and patient access to treatment were reported as the most common barriers physicians consider in their prescribing decisions. Physicians were more likely to switch a patient's maintenance inhaler to triple therapy versus no change to maintenance inhaler if they considered the patient's history of new symptoms, insurance status, and clinical guidelines in their decision. Physicians with more experience treating patients with COPD, and those who treat more patients with COPD per week, were more likely to switch to triple therapy versus no change to maintenance inhaler.
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the complexity of factors that can influence physicians' decisions when prescribing treatments for patients with COPD, including considerations of treatment cost, patient access and adherence, patient comorbidities, efficacy of current treatment, clinical guidelines, and provider's level of experience treating COPD. Further research may help elucidate the relative importance of the factors influencing physicians' decisions and inform what types of decision-support tools would be most beneficial.