anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: To compare topical and peribulbar anesthesia in cataract surgery for hemodynamic changes, rate of complications and pain score in patients with cardiovascular disease.
METHODS: A prospective comparative study at a tertiary care center in India. Patients >40 years old with treated/controlled hypertension and cardiovascular disease scheduled for cataract surgery under topical or peribulbar anesthesia were recruited. Heart rate, blood pressure, and ophthalmic and systemic complications were noted: preoperatively, immediately after block, intraoperatively, immediately postoperatively and 1 hour postoperatively. A visual analog scale was used to assess the pain score.
RESULTS: A total of 150 patients (75 in each group) underwent cataract surgery. There was a significant rise in pulse rate and blood pressure after peribulbar injection and intraoperatively, which gradually reduced to baseline 1 hour after surgery in both groups (p < 0.001), with systolic blood pressure intraoperatively being significantly greater in the peribulbar group (155.49 ±18.14 mmHg vs. 147.95 ±17.71 mmHg, p = 0.01). The topical group had slightly lower visual analog scale scores (1.12 ± 0.99) than the peribulbar group (1.44 ± 0.90, p = 0.04).
CONCLUSIONS: Cataract surgery appears safe in patients with adequately controlled cardiovascular disease, and topical anesthesia may be preferable due to noninvasiveness, adequate analgesia, and minimal effect on hemodynamic parameters. Therefore, hemodynamically stable patients of cardiovascular disease undergoing uncomplicated cataract surgery may be counselled for topical anesthesia.
Background and Objectives: Urinary incontinence (UI) is the involuntary loss of urine caused by a weakness in the pelvic floor muscles (PFMs) that affects urethral closure. Myostatin, which prevents the growth of muscles, is a protein expressed by human skeletal muscle cells. Indeed, it has been observed that myostatin concentration rises during skeletal muscle inactivity and that suppressing serum myostatin promotes muscle growth and strength. Furthermore, therapeutic interventions that reduce myostatin signalling may lessen the effects of aging on skeletal muscle mass and function. For this reason, the aim of the study was to assess if flat magnetic stimulation technology affects serum myostatin levels, as myostatin can block cell proliferation at the urethral sphincter level. Materials and Methods: A total of 19 women, 75% presenting stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and 25% urgency urinary incontinence (UUI), were enrolled. A non-invasive electromagnetic therapeutic system designed for deep pelvic floor area stimulation was used for eight sessions. Results: The ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) test indicated that the myostatin levels in blood sera had significantly decreased. Patients' ultrasound measurements showed a significant genital hiatus length reduction at rest and in a stress condition. The Pelvic Floor Bother Questionnaire consistently revealed a decrease in mean scores when comparing the pre- and post-treatment data. Conclusions: Effective flat magnetic stimulation reduces myostatin concentration and genital hiatus length, minimizing the severity of urinary incontinence. The results of the study show that without causing any discomfort or unfavourable side effects, the treatment plan significantly improved the PFM tone and strength in patients with UI.
Objective: To investigate the molecular mechanisms of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), to identify key cell subgroups and genes, to construct effective diagnostic models, and to screen for potential therapeutic drugs. Methods: Key cell subgroups in CRS were identified through single-cell transcriptomic sequencing data. Essential genes associated with CRS were selected and diagnostic models were constructed by hdWGCNA (high dimensional weighted gene co-expression network analysis) and various machine learning algorithms. Causal inference analysis was performed using Mendelian randomization and colocalization analysis. Potential therapeutic drugs were identified using molecular docking technology, and the results of bioinformatics analysis were validated by immunofluorescence staining. Graphpad Prism, R, Python, and Adobe Illustrator software were used for data and image processing. Results: An increased proportion of basal and suprabasal cells was observed in CRS, especially in eosinophilic CRS with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP), with P=0.001. hdWGCNA revealed that the "yellow module" was closely related to basal and suprabasal cells in CRS. Univariate logistic regression and LASSO algorithm selected 13 key genes (CTSC, LAMB3, CYP2S1, TRPV4, ARHGAP21, PTHLH, CDH26, MRPS6, TENM4, FAM110C, NCKAP5, SAMD3, and PTCHD4). Based on these 13 genes, an effective CRS diagnostic model was developed using various machine learning algorithms (AUC=0.958). Mendelian randomization analysis indicated a causal relationship between CTSC and CRS (inverse variance weighted: OR=1.06, P=0.006), and colocalization analysis confirmed shared genetic variants between CTSC and CRS (PPH4/PPH3>2). Molecular docking results showed that acetaminophen binded well with CTSC (binding energy:-5.638 kcal/mol). Immunofluorescence staining experiments indicated an increase in CTSC+cells in CRS. Conclusion: This study integrates various bioinformatics methods to identify key cell types and genes in CRS, constructs an effective diagnostic model, underscores the critical role of the CTSC gene in CRS pathogenesis, and provides new targets for the treatment of CRS.
Increasing evidence shows that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's diseases (AD). It is unknown whether systemic vascular dysfunction occurs prior to the development of AD, if this occurs in a sex-dependent manner, and whether endothelial cells play a role in the deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides. We hypothesized that vascular dysfunction occurs prior to the onset of amyloid pathology, thus escalating its progression. Furthermore, endothelial cells from female mice will present with an exacerbated formation of Aβ peptides due to an exacerbated pressure pulsatility. To test this hypothesis, we used a double transgenic mouse model of early-onset AD (APPswe/PSEN1dE9). We evaluated hippocampus-dependent recognition memory and the cardiovascular function by echocardiography and direct measurements of blood pressure through carotid artery catheterization. Vascular function was evaluated in resistance arteries, morphometric parameters in the aortas, and immunofluorescence in the hippocampus and aortas. We observed that endothelial dysfunction occurred prior to the onset of amyloid pathology irrespective of sex. However, during the onset of amyloid pathology, only female APP/PS1 mice had vascular stiffness in the aorta. There was elevated Aβ deposition which colocalized with endothelial cells in the hippocampus from female APP/PS1 mice. Overall, these data showed that vascular abnormalities may be an early marker, and potential mediator of AD, but exacerbated aortic stiffness and pressure pulsatility after the onset of amyloid pathology may be associated with a greater burden of Aβ formation in hippocampal endothelial cells from female but not male APP/PS1 mice.
Bubbled nylon (pat-to-pat) was used as a different texture. Each group did a 30-minute hippotherapy session in the manege area. Before the application, the sitting balance of the children was evaluated by playing the Nintendo Wii Balance Platform and the Basic Balance Game. In addition, 10 m walking test was applied for walking speed. These assessments were repeated after the 30-minute session.
The present disclosure relates to a kind of sodium alginate microsphere vascular embolus that contains water-soluble drug and preparation and application thereof. The embolus preparation falls into dry microsphere type and wet one that are made of degradable materials. The drug carrier can be sodium alginate, human serum albumin, chitosan or sodium hyalurate, solidifying and forming microsphere together with calcium ion solution under presence of static charge. The microsphere can have a diameter in the range of 20-1000 μm and can be divided into a wide variety of sizes in case of need. The present disclosure adopts raw materials that are good at mechanical strength, bio-compatibility, bio-degradability and stability. In vitro experiments, animal trials and clinical observations reveal that this embolus is a good targeting medication for embolism treatment and immunochemotherapy, which is safe, effective for the treatment of solid tumors including primary liver cancer, lung cancer, renal tumors, bladder cancer, uterine cancer, ovary cancer, colon carcinoma and rectal cancer.
This pilot study focuses on three primary objectives: to evaluate volume retention at the site of injected allograft adipose matrix (AAM), to obtain tissue analysis via magnetic resonance imaging at the site of injection and to evaluate local skin changes as a result of the injection of AAM with follow up over a 16 week period. The AAM is derived from cadaveric human adipose recovered, processed, dehydrated and distributed by the study sponsor from thoroughly screened donors. It is distributed with instructions for rehydration prior to single use. The injection site (non-dominant wrist) will be infiltrated with Lidocaine 0.5%, Epinepherine 1:200,000 prior to AAM injection. Volume of AAM necessary to create a centered 2-3mm raised wheal at the first proximal dorsal wrist crease will be administered. Photographs taken prior and following the injection and at each of the subsequent visits are taken with a color standard within the frame for later color change analysis of the injection surrounding area. Both the control and treated hand/wrist will be photographed separately in numerous positions (extension, flexion and several degrees of either) at heart level, at week 0,2,10 and 16 weeks. A clinical assessment scale for evaluation of skin changes in appearance will also be done at these same times. Patients will be advised to avoid prolonged pressure to the dorsal wrists, wear no jewelry or wrist bands, etc., for the duration of their participation in the study. Those patients designated for MR imaging shall have their MRIs done within 3 to 5 days of their week zero and week16 visits. The images shall be read and documented by a single independent radiologist.
Digital care management platform for managing a care service and comprising a processor and a memory storing a database storing data for service users and program code. The program code when executed by the processor for each visit by a care assistant to a service user indicates a list of questions to a mobile computing device of the care assistant and updates the database in accordance with answers to the questions received from the carer device. The memory further stores program code to implement a predictive model, which may be a machine learning model utilising logistic regression, which processes data for a service user to calculate a score indicative of the likelihood that the service user will require hospitalisation in a subsequent time period. The list of questions may be personalised to service users based on the stored data, and may vary in dependence on whether the user is affected by particular medical conditions in a list. The conditions may include chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), types 1 and 2 diabetes, and urinary tract infection (UTI). The program code may provide a recommended preventative action to reduce the risk of hospitalisation if the calculated risk exceeds a threshold.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled foaming agent capable of generating fine bubbles over a long period and having high stability, by using an acid and an alkaline substance in separated state. CONSTITUTION:An acid and an alkaline substance are not mixed prior to use and thrown into bath water in separated state to form acidic or alkaline solution at a part of the bath water and a number of fine gas bubbles are generated over a wide range at the contacting region by the secondary mixing of the solutions. The whole generated gas bubbles are included and dissolved in water to attain a high activity. In the case of integrating both components into single tablet, the components are tableted in separated state optionally interposing an intermediate layer (e.g. table salt, pigment, etc.) between the components.
INTRODUCTION: Given the heterogeneity of sarcoidosis, predicting disease course of patients remains a challenge. Our aim was to determine whether the 3-year change in pulmonary function differed between pulmonary function phenotypes and whether there were differential longitudinal changes by race and sex.
METHODS: We identified individuals seen between 2005 and 2015 with a confirmed diagnosis of sarcoidosis who had at least two pulmonary function test measurements within 3 years of entry into the cohort. For each individual, spirometry, diffusion capacity, Charlson Comorbidity Index, sarcoidosis organ involvement, diagnosis duration, tobacco use, race, sex, age and medications were recorded. We compared changes in pulmonary function by type of pulmonary function phenotype and for demographic groups.
RESULTS: Of 291 individuals, 59% (173) were female and 54% (156) were black. Individuals with restrictive pulmonary function phenotype had significantly greater 3-year rate of decline of FVC% (forced vital capacity) predicted and FEV1% (forced expiratory volume in 1 s) predicted course when compared with normal phenotype. We identified a subset of individuals in the cohort, highest decliners, who had a median 3-year FVC decline of 156 mL. Black individuals had worse pulmonary function at entry into the cohort measured by FVC% predicted, FEV1% predicted and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide % predicted compared with white individuals. Black individuals' pulmonary function remained stable or declined over time, whereas white individuals' pulmonary function improved over time. There were no sex differences in rate of change in any pulmonary function parameters.
SUMMARY: We found significant differences in 3-year change in pulmonary function among pulmonary function phenotypes and races, but no difference between sexes.
Method and systems are provided for generating compromised system scores based on encryption codes. Support-system authentication request data associated with a first client is received. A set of keys may be extracted with each key characterizing a system fault or a root cause determination of a set of a system faults. Each key may be allocated to a class based on fault severity. A compromised system score may be identified based at least in part on the fault severity of each code. The compromised system score indicating one or more processes of the client that are disabled or that have modified functionality. A result based on the compromised system score or system fault identifier may be output.
INTRODUCTION: Opioid tapering after surgery is recommended among patients with chronic opioid use, but it is unclear how this process affects their quality of life. The objective of this study was to evaluate how opioid tapering following surgery was associated with patient-reported outcome measures related to pain control and behavioral changes that affect quality of life.
METHODS: We conducted an explanatory sequential mixed-methods study at a VA Medical Center among patients with chronic opioid use who underwent a spectrum of orthopedic, vascular, thoracic, urology, otolaryngology, and general surgery procedures between 2018 and 2020. Patients were stratified based on the extent that opioid tapering was successful (complete, partial, and no-taper) by 90 days after surgery, followed by qualitative interviews of 10 patients in each taper group. Longitudinal patient-reported outcome measures related to pain intensity, interference, and catastrophizing were compared using Kruskal Wallis tests over the 90-day period after surgery. Qualitative interviews were conducted among patients in each taper group to identify themes associated with the impact of opioid tapering after surgery on quality of life.
RESULTS: We identified 211 patients with chronic opioid use (92% male, median age 66 years) who underwent surgery during the time period, including 42 (20%) individuals with complete tapering, 48 (23%) patients with partial tapering, and 121 (57%) patients with no taper of opioids following surgery. Patients who did not taper were more likely to have a history of opioid use disorder (10%-partial, 2%-complete vs 17%-no taper, p<0.05) and be discharged on a higher median morphine equivalent daily dose (52-partial, 30-complete vs 60-no taper; p<0.05) than patients in the partial and complete taper groups. Pain interference (-7.2-partial taper and -9.8-complete taper vs -3.5-no taper) and pain catastrophizing (-21.4-partial taper and -16.5-complete taper vs -1.7-no taper) scores for partial and complete taper groups were significantly improved at 90 days relative to baseline when compared with patients in the no-taper group (p<0.05 for both comparisons), while pain intensity was similar between groups. Finally, patients achieving complete and partial opioid tapering were more likely to report improvements in activity, mood, thinking, and sleep following surgery as compared with patients who failed to taper.
CONCLUSIONS: Partial and complete opioid tapering within 90 days after surgery among patients with chronic opioid use was associated with improved patient-reported measures of pain control as well as behaviors that impact a patient's quality of life.
There is no body of evidence available from controlled studies to indicate how long patients with MDD, GAD, SAD, or PD should be treated with venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release capsules.

It is generally agreed that acute episodes of MDD require several months or longer of sustained pharmacological therapy beyond response to the acute episode. Venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release capsules/venlafaxine hydrochloride tablets have demonstrated continuation of response in clinical studies up to 52 weeks, at the same dose at which patients responded during the initial treatment [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. It is not known whether or not the dose of venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release capsules needed for maintenance treatment is identical to the dose needed to achieve an initial response. Patients should be periodically reassessed to determine the need for maintenance treatment and the appropriate dose for such treatment.

In patients with GAD and SAD, venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release capsules have been shown to be effective in 6-month clinical studies. The need for continuing medication in patients with GAD and SAD who improve with venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release capsules treatment should be periodically reassessed.

In a clinical study for PD, patients continuing venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release capsules at the same dose at which they responded during the initial 12 weeks of treatment experienced a statistically significantly longer time to relapse than patients randomized to placebo [see Clinical Studies (14.4)]. The need for continuing medication in patients with PD who improve with venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release capsules treatment should be periodically reassessed.
INTRODUCTION: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) often switch between oral anticoagulants (OACs). It can be hard to know why a patient has switched outside of a clinical setting. Medication attribute comparisons can suggest benefits. Consensus on terms and definitions is required for inferring OAC switch benefits. The objectives of the study were to generate consensus on a taxonomy of the potential benefits of OAC switching in patients with AF and apply the taxonomy to real-world data.
METHODS: Nine expert clinicians (seven clinical pharmacists, two cardiologists) with at least 3 years of clinical and research experience in AF participated in a Delphi process. The experts rated and commented on a proposed taxonomy on the potential benefits of OAC switching. After each Delphi round, ratings were analyzed with the RAND Corporation/University of California, Los Angeles (RAND/UCLA) appropriateness method. Median ratings, disagreement index, and comments were used to modify the taxonomy. The resulting taxonomy from the Delphi process was applied to a cohort of patients with AF who switched OACs in a population-based administrative health dataset from 1996 to 2019 in British Columbia, Canada.
RESULTS: The taxonomy was finalized in two Delphi rounds, reaching consensus on five switch benefit categories: safety, effectiveness, convenience, economic considerations, and drug interactions. Safety benefit (a switch that could lower the risk of adverse drug events) had three subcategories: major bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Effectiveness benefit had four subcategories: stroke and systemic embolism (SSE), ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and all-cause mortality. Real-world OAC switches revealed that more OAC switches had convenience (72.6%) and drug interaction (63.0%) benefits compared to effectiveness (SSE 22.0%, ischemic stroke 11.1%, MI 3.1%, all-cause mortality 10.1%), safety (major bleeding 24.3%, GI bleeding 10.6%, ICH 48.5%), and economic benefits (12.1%).
CONCLUSIONS: The Delphi-based taxonomy identified five criteria for the beneficial effects of OAC switching, aiding in characterizing real-world OAC switching.
PURPOSE: A composition for promoting adipocyte differentiation, containing Torreya nucifera extract is provided to use in skin cosmetic or plastic surgery, prevent and treat diabetes. CONSTITUTION: A composition for promoting adipocyte differentiation contains Torreya nucifera extract as an active ingredient. The composition has function of increasing adipose tissue through differentiation of the adipocytes. The adipocyte is differentiated adipocyte from preadipocyte or mesenchymal stem cell of mammal. The mesenchymal stem cell of mammal is human mesenchymal stem cell derived from human bone marrow. The composition increases adipose tissue for skin cosmetic or plastic surgery. The composition is used in preventing or treating diabetes type 2. The daily dose of an active ingredient is 0.0001mg/kg/day~2000g/kg/day.
Acute neurologic injury is common in critically ill children. Some conditions - such as traumatic brain injury, meningitis, and hypoxic-ischemic injury following cardiac arrest - require careful consideration of cerebral physiology. Specialized neuromonitoring techniques provide insight regarding patient-specific and disease-specific insight that can improve diagnostic accuracy, aid in targeting therapeutic interventions, and provide prognostic information. In this review, we will discuss recent innovations in invasive (e.g., intracranial pressure monitoring and related computed indices) and noninvasive (e.g., transcranial doppler, near-infrared spectroscopy) neuromonitoring techniques used in traumatic brain injury, central nervous system infections, and after cardiac arrest. We will discuss the pertinent physiological mechanisms interrogated by each technique and discuss available evidence for potential clinical application. We will also discuss the use of innovative neuromonitoring techniques to detect and manage neurologic complications in critically ill children with systemic illness, focusing on sepsis and cardiorespiratory failure requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Stimulation will be applied using TENS device eco 2 (Schwa-Medico, Pierenkemper GmbH, Ehringshausen, Germany) bilaterally at the cymba conchae of the auricles for 20 minutes. Current intensity (1-max. 10 mA) will be individually adjusted for each ear separately until the maximal tVNS intensity, which is not uncomfortable or painful, will be achieved.