anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Gestational exposure to toxic environmental chemicals and maternal social hardships are individually associated with impaired fetal growth, but it is unclear whether the effects of environmental chemical exposure on infant birth weight are modified by maternal hardships.
METHODS: We used data from the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study, a pan-Canadian cohort of 1982 pregnant females enrolled between 2008 and 2011. We quantified eleven environmental chemical concentrations from two chemical classes - six organochlorine compounds (OCs) and five metals - that were detected in ≥ 70% of blood samples collected during the first trimester. We examined fetal growth using birth weight adjusted for gestational age and assessed nine maternal hardships by questionnaire. Each maternal hardship variable was dichotomized to indicate whether the females experienced the hardship. In our analysis, we used elastic net to select the environmental chemicals, maternal hardships, and 2-way interactions between maternal hardships and environmental chemicals that were most predictive of birth weight. Next, we obtained effect estimates using multiple linear regression, and plotted the relationships by hardship status for visual interpretation.
RESULTS: Elastic net selected trans-nonachlor, lead, low educational status, racially minoritized background, and low supplemental folic acid intake. All were inversely associated with birth weight. Elastic net also selected interaction terms. Among those with increasing environmental chemical exposures and reported hardships, we observed stronger negative associations and a few positive associations. For example, every two-fold increase in lead concentrations was more strongly associated with reduced infant birth weight among participants with low educational status (β = -100 g (g); 95% confidence interval (CI): -215, 16), than those with higher educational status (β = -34 g; 95% CI: -63, -3). In contrast, every two-fold increase in mercury concentrations was associated with slightly higher birth weight among participants with low educational status (β = 23 g; 95% CI: -25, 71) compared to those with higher educational status (β = -9 g; 95% CI: -24, 6).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that maternal hardships can modify the associations of gestational exposure to some OCs and metals with infant birth weight.
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition containing phytosphingosine salicylate derivatives and Bipidobacterium sp. lysate is provided to prevent and/or treat skin aging. CONSTITUTION: A cosmetic composition for managing or supplementing keratin materials contains: 0.0001-20 wt% of one or more phytosphingosine salicylate derivatives in a physiologically acceptable medium; and 0.001-20 wt% of a lysate of one or more Bifidobacterium sp. microorganisms. The Bifidobacterium sp. microorganisms are Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium animalis, Bifidobacterium lactis, Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, or Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum.rium breve, Bifidobacterium animalis, Bifidobacterium lactis, Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, or Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum. [Reference numerals] (AA) Percentage increase of expression, compared with a control group(100%)
Patients undergo a biopsy at baseline and then receive trabectedin for up to 4 cycles. Beginning 1 week after completion of cycle 2 and prior to cycle 3, patients undergo a second biopsy. Patients who achieve clinical benefit (CR, PR, SD) after the first post-treatment scan and who continue trabectedin for 4 cycles undergo a third biopsy after cycle 4.
BACKGROUND: Digitally delivered weight loss programmes can provide a convenient, potentially cheaper, and scalable treatment option for people who may need to lose weight. However, outcomes are often inferior to in-person interventions in the long-term. This trial will use principles from the Multiphase Optimisation Strategy (MOST) framework to test whether it can enhance the effectiveness of a commercial digital behavioural weight loss programme. This trial aims to identify an optimised combination of four intervention components to enhance weight loss over a 24-week period. We will also explore which components contribute to improvements in participant retention and engagement with the programme.
METHODS: Approximately 1400 adults with a BMI > 21 kg/m2 will be enrolled and randomised to one of 16 experimental conditions in a 24 factorial cluster design. The trial will test four intervention components: an introductory video call with the health coach, drop-in webchat sessions with the health coach, goal setting statements, and food diary review and feedback. All participants will receive the core digital behavioural weight loss programme and up to four new intervention components. Participation in the trial will last for 24 weeks. The primary outcome will be weight change at 16 weeks. Other outcomes, measured at 4, 16, and 24 weeks, include programme drop-out and engagement (number of interactions with the three main app functions). Fidelity and acceptability will be assessed using data on component adherence and self-report questionnaires. Decision-making for the enhanced programme will be based on components that contribute to at least a minimal improvement in weight loss, defined as ≥ 0.75kg, alone or in combination with other components.
DISCUSSION: The factorial design is an efficient way to test the efficacy of behavioural components alone, or in combination, to improve the effectiveness of digital weight loss programmes. This trial will test the implementation of the MOST framework in an industry setting, using routinely collected data, which may provide a better way to refine and evaluate these types of interventions in a model of continuous service improvement.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN14407868. Registered 5 January 2024, 10.1186/ISRCTN14407868.
The introduction of drug-eluting stents (DES) was associated not only with a widening of the indication for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) but also with longer antithrombotic therapy duration. Dual antiplatelet therapy with ASA and a thienopyridine is very efficient in preventing adverse events after coronary stenting but it is inferior to oral anticoagulation (OAC) to reduce the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. OAC is also superior to antiplatelet therapy in patients with mechanical heart valves and the therapy of choice for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. OAC is also administered for left ventricular thrombi and low ejection fraction. There is an increasing number of patients undergoing coronary stenting who are in need of life-long anticoagulation therapy and would therefore require a triple therapy consisting of aspirin, clopidogrel and oral anticoagulation. As oral anticoagulation and antithrombotic therapy impair primary and secondary hemostasis there are concerns that adding warfarin to dual antiplatelet therapy might cause increased bleeding rates. Several studies have retrospectively assessed efficacy and safety in patients receiving a triple therapy with various results: major bleeding rates varied from 3,1%-14,9% with total bleeding rates up to 27,5%. Prospective randomized data on this topic are not available. Therefore the aim of this study is to compare a 6 week versus a 6 month triple therapy after DES implantation.
Participants randomized to receive blinded adalimumab 160 mg at Baseline, Week 1, Week 2, and Week 3. At Week 4, participants receive adalimumab 40 mg eow through Week 12.
BACKGROUND: To examine the effectiveness of interventions to ameliorate burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and emotional exhaustion in nurses and midwives. The systematic review was completed with all available studies that reported data on the effect of interventions that targeted burnout using the outcome measures of the Professional Quality of Life scale (ProQOL), or the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).
METHODS: We used a systematic review methodology, which included a meta-analysis. A total of 2103 articles resulted from the systematic search; 688 were removed as duplicates, and 1415 articles were reviewed by the title and abstract, of which 255 were eligible for full-text screening. Only 66 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. The final meta-analysis consisted of 33 reports divided into 12 studies for ProQOL and 21 studies for the MBI.
RESULTS: The results provide an overall effect in studies using the ProQOL measurement was Z = 2.07 (P = 0.04) and a positive improvement mean difference of 9.32. The overall effect in studies using MBI was Z = 3.13 (P = 0.002) and a positive improvement mean difference of 6.58.
CONCLUSIONS: Whilst most studies indicated a positive difference, the most effective interventions included clinical supervision or activities that addressed the personal physical and mental well-being of nurses. Less effective interventions were managerial interventions or ones that used a strictly educational approach.
Using QTL mapping and GWAS, two candidate genes (Zm00001d051039 and Zm00001d051147) were consistently identified across the three different environments and BLUP values. GWAS analysis identified the candidate gene, Zm00001d044845. These genes were subsequently validated to exhibit a significant association with maize gray leaf spot (GLS) resistance. Gray leaf spot (GLS) is a major foliar disease of maize (Zea mays L.) that causes significant yield losses worldwide. Understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying gray leaf spot resistance is crucial for breeding high-yielding and disease-resistant varieties. In this study, eight tropical and subtropical germplasms were crossed with the temperate germplasm Ye107 to develop a nested association mapping (NAM) population comprising 1,653 F2:8 RILs, consisting of eight recombinant inbred line (RIL) subpopulations, using the single-seed descent method. The NAM population was evaluated for GLS resistance in three different environments, and genotyping by sequencing of the NAM population generated 593,719 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Linkage analysis and genome-wide association studies (GWASs) were conducted to identify candidate genes regulating GLS resistance in maize. Both analyses identified 25 QTLs and 149 SNPs that were significantly associated with GLS resistance. Candidate genes were screened 20 Kb upstream and downstream of the significant SNPs, and three novel candidate genes (Zm00001d051039, Zm00001d051147, and Zm00001d044845) were identified. Zm00001d051039 and Zm00001d051147 were located on chromosome 4 and co-localized in both linkage (qGLS4-1 and qGLS4-2) and GWAS analyses. SNP-138,153,206 was located 0.499 kb downstream of the candidate gene Zm00001d051039, which encodes the protein IN2-1 homolog B, a homolog of glutathione S-transferase (GST). GSTs and protein IN2-1 homolog B scavenge reactive oxygen species under various stress conditions, and GSTs are believed to protect plants from a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses by detoxifying reactive electrophilic compounds. Zm00001d051147 encodes a probable beta-1,4-xylosyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of xylan in the cell wall, enhancing resistance. SNP-145,813,215 was located 2.69 kb downstream of the candidate gene. SNP-5,043,412 was consistently identified in three different environments and BLUP values and was located 8.788 kb downstream of the candidate gene Zm00001d044845 on chromosome 9. Zm00001d044845 encodes the U-box domain-containing protein 4 (PUB4), which is involved in regulating plant immunity. qRT-PCR analysis showed that the relative expression levels of the three candidate genes were significantly upregulated in the leaves of the TML139 (resistant) parent, indicating that these three candidate genes could be associated with resistance to GLS. The findings of this study are significant for marker-assisted breeding aimed at enhancing resistance to GLS in maize and lay the foundation for further elucidation of the genetic mechanisms underlying resistance to gray leaf spot in maize and breeding of new disease-resistant varieties.
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma (MEC) is a common salivary malignant neoplasm. Approximately 60 % of MECs harbor translocations between CRTC1 or CRTC3 and MAML2, which are thought to drive disease pathogenesis. However, the precise structural mechanism driving this rearrangement remains uncharacterized. Here, we performed multi-omic and long read genomic sequencing, discovering a chain of alterations that created the CRTC1::MAML2 fusion, but also an unexpected MAML2 to MYBL1 rearrangement, suggesting that MYBL1 may play a larger role in salivary gland cancers than previously recognized. Furthermore, we discovered and validated recurrent TERT rearrangements and amplifications in MEC models. 5/5 MEC cell lines and 36/39 (92 %) primary MEC tumors harbored a TERT rearrangement or copy number amplification. Custom sequencing of the TERT locus confirmed translocation breakpoints in 13/33 (39 %) MECs, while exome sequencing confirmed frequent TERT amplifications. Critically, TERT knockdown in NCI-H292, a cell line with TERT promoter rearrangement, reduced clonogenic cell survival, supporting a critical role of this gene in MEC tumorigenesis. Overall, our data suggest that complex chromothripsis rearrangement mechanisms drive the formation of structural variation in CRTC1::MAML2 fusion positive and negative tumors and reveal highly recurrent structural variation driving TERT rearrangement in MEC.
Iron absorption from two iron-fortified maize-based test meals will be measured in two groups of 40 infants (total N=80). Infants will be recruited at Msambweni District Hospital and communities served by Msambweni District Hospital in southern coastal Kenya. In group 1, iron absorption is measured after 3 weeks of MNP consumption containing 5 mg iron in form of NaFeEDTA (2.5 g) and FeFum (2.5 g) but no GOS. In group 2, iron absorption is measured after 3 weeks of MNP consumption containing 5 mg iron in form of NaFeEDTA (2.5 g) and FeFum (2.5 g) and 7.5 g GOS. Iron absorption is measured as the incorporation of stable isotopes into erythrocytes at least 14 days after the test meal administration.

At baseline, a blood sample will be collected from potential study participants for the determination of the following iron and inflammation status parameters: hemoglobin (Hb), plasma ferritin (PF), soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP), C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP). Anthropometrics (height, weight, mid-upper arm and head circumference) will be measured, and demographics, the medical history and the feeding habits will be assessed using a questionnaire. On day 1, infants will be enrolled and randomized into the two groups, and then start the intervention. The infants will consume 1 MNP sachet added to maize porridge per day for a total of 5 weeks. A stool sample will be collected on day 1 for the determination of gut microbiota composition, fecal pH and fecal SCFAs. After 3 weeks of MNP consumption, the two isotopically labelled test meals will be fed to the infants by their caregivers under supervision of the research team on two consecutive mornings between 7 and 8 am. Test meal A will contain 2.5 mg 57Fe in form of FeFum and 2.5 mg iron as NaFeEDTA (given as 1.5 mg 56Fe and 1 mg 58Fe). Test meal B will contain 5 mg iron in form of FeSO₄ (3 mg of 56Fe and 2 mg of 54Fe). The test meals will consist of maize porridge (5-10% dry weight) and mineral water (30 ml) and will be randomly administered on the two consecutive days (AB or BA). Overnight, only breast milk will be allowed to the infant and no breast milk will be given at least 3 h before test meal administration. Infants will not be allowed to eat or drink for 2 h after the test meal. On the day of the first test meal, a stool sample will be collected and analyzed for gut microbiota composition, fecal pH and fecal SCFAs. Fourteen days after the second test meal administration, 3 ml of whole blood will be collected by venipuncture for iron isotopic analysis and iron and inflammation status. Anthropometrics and the baseline questionnaire will be repeated. Compliance of MNP consumption and adverse event reporting (morbidity monitoring) will be done during weekly visits of the infants.

In a follow-on study, iron absorption from the two above described mentioned iron-fortified maize-based test meals will be measured in 24 infants aged 6-12 months without pre-feeding of GOS. All procedures will be done identical as described above.
Atenolol and Chlorthalidone

Atenolol and chlorthalidone have been used singly and concomitantly for the treatment of hypertension. The antihypertensive effects of these agents are additive, and studies have shown that there is no interference with bioavailability when these agents are given together in the single combination tablet. Therefore, this combination provides a convenient formulation for the concomitant administration of these two entities. In patients with more severe hypertension, atenolol and chlorthalidone may be administered with other antihypertensives such as vasodilators.

Atenolol

Atenolol is a beta 1-selective (cardioselective) beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agent without membrane stabilizing or intrinsic sympathomimetic (partial agonist) activities. This preferential effect is not absolute, however, and at higher doses, atenolol inhibits beta2-adrenoreceptors, chiefly located in the bronchial and vascular musculature.
They were as follows: being at 3 to 9 months' corrected age, gestational age of less than 36 weeks + 6 days, birth weight of 2000 g or less. Infants with any genetic, metabolic, orthopedic congenital abnormalities or chronic diseases and parents' rejection to participate in the study were excluded.
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation will be applied Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) machine. The electrodes will be placed over the motor points of the following muscles: pectoral muscles (fibres of the pectoralis major muscle) and rectus abdominis muscles (bilaterally) The first training session will have a duration of 30 minutes , which will then be extended by 1 minute for every 2 days of administration. The intensity will be increased until muscle contraction is visible or palpable or, intensity will be adjusted according to tolerance associated conventional physiotherapy. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation will be applied held until extubation end conventional respiratory and motor physiotherapy until discharge from the ICU.
A method of using a sleep enhancement medical food to improve human sleep quality. This sleep enhancement medical food consists of transfer factor, lactic acid generating bacteria, and/or glucans in appropriate combinations. The sleep enhancement medical food, administered correctly, reduces cortisol levels. High cortisol causes insomnia. Dosage amounts are adjusted for client weight. Consumption frequency and dosage may be adjusted in response to cortisol measurements. Typically, consumption of the sleep enhancement medical food is done under professional supervision, and may be combined with other treatment strategies.
The efficacy of REXULTI in the adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) was evaluated in two 6-week double-blind, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose studies of adult patients meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for MDD, with or without symptoms of anxiety, who had an inadequate response to prior antidepressant therapy (1 to 3 courses) in the current episode and who had also demonstrated an inadequate response throughout the 8 weeks of prospective antidepressant treatment (with escitalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine controlled-release, sertraline, duloxetine delayed release, or venlafaxine extended release). Inadequate response during the prospective antidepressant treatment phase was defined as having persistent symptoms without substantial improvement throughout the course of treatment.

Patients in Study 1 (NCT01360645) were randomized to REXULTI 2 mg once a day or placebo. Patients in Study 2 (NCT01360632) were randomized to REXULTI 1 or 3 mg once a day or placebo. For patients randomized to REXULTI, all patients initiated treatment at 0.5 mg once daily during Week 1. At Week 2, the REXULTI dosage was increased to 1 mg in all treatment groups, and either maintained at 1 mg or increased to 2 mg or 3 mg once daily, based on treatment assignment, from Week 3 onwards. The dosages were then maintained for the 4 remaining weeks.

The primary endpoint was change from baseline to Week 6 in the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), a 10-item clinician-related scale used to assess the degree of depressive symptomatology, with 0 representing no symptoms and 60 representing worst symptoms.

At randomization, the mean MADRS total score was 27. In Studies 1 and 2, REXULTI (plus ADT) 2 mg once daily and 3 mg once daily were superior to placebo plus ADT in reducing mean MADRS total scores. Results from the primary efficacy parameters for both fixed dose studies are shown below in Table 12. Figure 4 below shows the time course of response based on the primary efficacy measure (MADRS) in Study 1.

An examination of population subgroups did not suggest differential response based on age, gender, race, or choice of prospective antidepressant.

Figure 4 Change from Baseline in MADRS Total Score by Study Visit (Week) in Patients with MDD in Adults (Study 1)
PCT No. PCT/US95/07236 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 24, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 24, 1997 PCT Filed Jun. 6, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/01270 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 18, 1996Human elastase IV polypeptides and DNA (RNA) encoding such polypeptides and a procedure for producing such polypeptide by recombinant techniques and utilizing such polypeptide for therapeutic purposes, for example, restoration of elasticity of arterial walls, improvement of serum lipid abnormality and improvement of serum lipoprotein metabolism are disclosed. Also disclosed are antagonist/inhibitors against such polypeptides and their use in treating inflammation, arthritis, e.g. rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, septic shock, pancreatitis and limiting tissue damage in ulceration. Diagnostic assays for identifying mutations in nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide of the present invention and for detecting altered levels of the polypeptide of the present invention are also disclosed.