anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee (PRAC) proposed measures to address severe side effects linked to Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID). Use of these medications in individuals aged 65 and older, those at high cardiovascular risk, active or former long-term smokers, and those with increased cancer risk should be considered only if no alternatives exist. Caution is advised when administering JAKi to patients at risk of venous thromboembolism. We aim to implement recommendations from regulatory guidelines based on areas of uncertainty identified.
METHODS: A two-round modified Research and Development/University of California Los Angeles appropriateness methodology study was conducted. A panel of 21 gastroenterologists, dermatologists and rheumatologists used a 9-point Likert scale to rate the appropriateness of administering a JAKi for each proposed clinical scenario. Scores for appropriateness were categorized as appropriate, uncertain, or inappropriate. Two rounds were performed, each with online surveys and a virtual meeting to enable discussion and rating of each best practice.
RESULTS: Round 1 involved participants rating JAKi appropriateness and suggesting descriptors to reduce uncertainty. Survey results were discussed in a virtual meeting, identifying areas of disagreement. In round 2, participants rated their agreement with descriptors from round 1, and the level of uncertainty and disagreement reduced. Age flexibility is recommended in the absence of other risk factors. Active counseling on modifiable risks (e.g., overweight, mild hyperlipidemia and hypertension) and smoking cessation is advised. Uncertainty persists regarding cancer risk due to various factors.
CONCLUSIONS: We outlined regulatory guidance without a personalized evaluation of the patient's risk profile might lead to uncertainty and become an arid technicality. Therefore, we identified gaps and implemented PRAC recommendations to help health professionals in clinical practice.
Researchers monitored the patients in two hemodialysis sessions; first meeting (T0) and second meeting (T1) which is one week later from T0. In the first meeting which is ''hemodialysis in fed state'', they ate the standard food (in clinic routine) served by the clinic at regular hours which means routine care of hemodialysis clinic. In the second meeting patients did not eat anything during hemodialysis which means intervention part of the study. Both hemodyalisis in fed and fasting state, researchers recorded patient's blood pressure were monitozied in the mid-hemodiyalsis sessions. Patient' s sociodemographic and disease characteristics were recorded. Patient' s blood pressure monitorized by the ambulatory blood pressure monitor.

Blood pressure measurements were made using Suntech Bravo Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (Morrisville, USA). Blood pressure was evaluated in the supine position with the use of a brachial cuff. The blood pressure measurement was made in the midweek dialysis session on the day of the measurement. Before the patient entered hemodialysis, an ambulatory blood pressure monitor was placed and blood pressure was measured at 15-minute intervals throughout the 4-hour hemodialysis session. A total of 16 measurements were made. The patients did not consume any food during the 4-hour dialysis session.
Altered regulation of the transition-metal copper (Cu) may lead to an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with subsequent development of a nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NISCM). Myocardial Cu levels are elevated in NISCM, and Cu levels are highest in the "diabetic cardiomyopathy." In humans, zinc (Zn) is an essential component of proteins critical for regulating myocardial cytoskeleton turnover and cellular proliferation. Zn also serves as an antioxidant and indirect regulator of redox-active Cu. By upregulating the chelator metallothionein, Zn reduces the levels of free Cu implicated in oxidative myocardial damage.

Transgenic over-expression of the antioxidant metallothionein has been shown to reduce ROS-induced myocardial damage. In diabetic cardiomyopathy, Cu chelation improves left ventricular (LV) diastolic relaxation abnormalities. However, it is unknown if Zn supplementation could alter the progression of LV systolic dysfunction through Cu depletion and ROS reduction. The aim of this pilot study is to assess the impact of a novel intervention, Zn supplementation, on myocardial remodeling by examining changes in serum levels of the types I (PINP) and III (PIIINP) collagen N-terminal propeptides. The primary study hypothesis is that Zn supplementation will have a favorable impact on the pathophysiology of NISCM by either repleting a Zn deficiency/insufficiency or by reducing myocardial damage and adverse remodeling in the setting of redox-active Cu excess.

Stable outpatients (n=40) with chronic NISCM (ejection fraction ≤40%) will receive daily oral Zn-acetate (50 mg po tid) for 10 months. Serum PINP, PIIINP, and markers of inflammation (CRP, sedimentation rate, myeloperoxidase) and oxidative stress (8-isoprostane, superoxide dismutase) will be obtained at baseline and following 10 months of Zn supplementation. Changes in collagen turnover will then be correlated with changes noted in LV systolic and diastolic function by echocardiography. Finally, we will examine for a differential treatment effect of Zn therapy in a diabetic subset (n=20) with NISCM compared with the nondiabetics.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject new compound capable of expressing useful antimicrobial activity through strongly binding to a DNA, therefore useful for treating Pneumocystis carini pneumonia. SOLUTION: This new compound is a compound of formula I (R1 and R2 are each H, a lower alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, aminoalkyl, aminoaryl, a halogen, or the like; R3 and R4 are each H, a lower alkyl, oxyalkyl, alkylaryl, aryl, or the like; X and Y are each located at a p- or m-site, being H, a lower alkyl, oxyalkyl, or the like), e.g. 2,4-bis 4-[(amidino)phenyl]}furan. The compound of formula I is synthesized, for example, by reacting a compound of formula II in the presence of a base to form a compound of formula III (X is a halogen, pref. Br or I), which is then reacted with CuCN in the presence of DMF to form 2,4-bis(4-cyanophenyl)furan as its important intermediate. It is prefarable to use the compound of formula I at a dose of 0.1-50 m/kg.
Luminal inflation is essential for adequate visualization and endoscope advancement during endoscopy. Although air has previously been the standard gas used, CO2 is increasing preferred in adult endoscopy centers, due to reports of decreased post-procedural abdominal discomfort compared to air. Few published studies in children demonstrated decreased abdominal discomfort with use of CO2, but safety concerns for its use in pediatric endoscopy remain.

This is a Double-blinded, prospective, randomized study of all pediatric patients undergoing procedures involving upper endoscopy in the Childrens Hospital \& Medical Center. Randomization will be for patients undergoing upper endoscopy related procedures. Patients will be randomized 1:1 for air or CO2. Vital signs will be recorded before the procedure, throughout the procedure and after the procedure until fully awake. While in the procedure room, end-tidal CO2 level will be continuously recorded.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical syndrome worldwide, with no effective treatment strategy. Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is one of the main AKI features, and the excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during reperfusion causes severe oxidative damage to the kidney. Loureirin C (LC), an active ingredient in the traditional Chinese medicine Chinese dragon's blood, possesses excellent antioxidative properties, but its role in renal IR injury is not clear. In this study, we evaluated the protective effects of LC against renal IR injury in vivo and in vitro by establishing a mice renal IR injury model and a human proximal renal tubular epithelial cell (HK-2) hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR) model. We found that LC ameliorated renal function and tissue structure injury and inhibited renal oxidative stress and ferroptosis in vivo. In vitro, LC scavenged ROS and attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction in HK-2 cells, thereby inhibiting oxidative cellular injury. Furthermore, we found that LC effectively promoted nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) nuclear translocation and activated downstream target genes heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO-1) to enhance cellular antioxidant function. Moreover, NRF2 knockdown and pharmacological inhibition of NRF2 partially eliminated the protective effect of LC. These results confirm that LC can effectively inhibit renal IR injury, and the mechanism may be associated with NRF2 activation by LC.
These patients will receive antibiotics according to standard practice of the attending physicians. The central lab will feedback to attending physicians and investigators the results of the conventional blood cultures and AST according to the routine SOP. The attending physicians and investigators will be allowed to decide for any change of antimicrobial treatment based on the results of conventional blood cultures provided to them by the central lab or any other culture provided to them by their hospital. Antibiotics will be stopped according to the local standard practice. BCID2, Reveal Rapid AST and PCT will be performed in the samples of these patients, attending physicians will not be provided such information.
A hair waving compsn. consists of separately packaged activator and base lotion components, the activator comprising water, urea and/or alkyl substd. urea in concns. of 0.5-12M and sufficient of an ammonium salt of a strong acid to impart a pH of 6-8. The lotion contains a water, and a soluble, reductive disulphide bond breaking agent, and has a pH such that the waving lotion prepd. by mixing the two components has a pH of 6.5-9.5. The presence of the ammonium salt prevents hydrolysis of the urea cpd.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an antioxidative plant extract that is safe to the skin and has an excellent sense of use and an antioxidative effect, an external preparation, a cosmetic, a bath medicine and a detergent composition.  <P>SOLUTION: The antioxidative plant extract comprises an extract of a mixture of Coptis japonica Makino, Phellodendron amurense Ruprecht, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. The antioxidative external preparation, the cosmetic, the bath medicine and the detergent composition contain each the extract. A medicine obtained by decocting the crude medicines in a fixed ratio is called Ourengedokutou in traditional Chinese medicine and is said to have an effect on nasal bleeding, sleeplessness, neurosis, gastritis, hangover, stale blood, dizziness, palpitation by internal use. The extract of the mixture of these crude medicines has synergistic antioxidative effect in comparison with an extract of single crude medicine and takes effect on antiaging action such as chapped skin, prevention of wrinkles, etc., by an external use.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
The invention discloses two novel iridoid glycoside compounds, a preparation method therefor and an application thereof. In the two novel iridoid glycoside compounds, the chemical name of the first iridoid glycoside compound is 7-O-E-p-coumaroyl-8-epi-loganic acid; the chemical name of the second iridoid glycoside compound is 7-O-E-p-coumaroyl-gardoside. The preparation method for the two new iridoid glycoside compounds takes Callicarpa nudiflora Hook. dried leaves as raw materials and comprises the steps of 1) preparing extract, 2) preparing n-butanol extract, and 3) preparing 7-O-E-p-coumaroyl-8-epi-loganic acid and 7-O-E-p-coumaroyl-gardoside. The chemical structural formulae of 7-O-E-p-coumaroyl-8-epi-loganic acid and 7-O-E-p-coumaroyl-gardoside are a formula (I) and a formula (II) (which are shown in the description) respectively. The chemical-physical properties and the optical activities of 7-O-E-p-coumaroyl-8-epi-loganic acid and 7-O-E-p-coumaroyl-gardoside are disclosed; the two novel iridoid glycoside compounds have a function of remarkably resisting arachidonic acid induction platelet aggregation, and can be used for preparing antithrombotic medicines.
A randomized controlled double-blind crossover study with a baseline and two interventions. On day 1 (baseline), all subjects will have a lactate fingerstick measurement before and after the Wingate protocol. A random subsample (1/3 of subjects) will have 10 milliliters (2 teaspoon) of blood drawn for determination of serum allantoin. Subjects will then be equipped with a pulse oximeter and a heart rate monitor after which they will perform the Wingate Anaerobic test protocol. The protocol includes: 4 minutes of warm up, 3 seconds of warm up sprint with weights, 1-minute relaxed cycling, 2-minute rest, then 10 seconds cycling without weights. This will be followed by 30 seconds sprint with weights and end with 2 minutes of relaxed cycling. A post-activity blood draw will be performed for another 10 milliliters (2 teaspoon) of blood from the same one-third of subjects previously sampled. After baseline data collection, subjects will undergo a 1-week washout (avoiding high antioxidant foods) after which they will be randomized to treatment groups. On day 9, subjects will begin supplementation with nitrate from beetroot powder with additional anthocyanins, or nitrate from beetroot powder with a placebo for 7 days. On day 15 the subject will again repeat the same procedures as day 1, followed by another week of washout. They will supplement again on day 23 and repeat the same procedure as the first intervention on day 29.
Aerobic glycolysis, i.e., non-oxidative glycolysis occurring under aerobic conditions (the so-called Warburg effect) is now recognized as a hallmark of cancer. However, evidence increasingly indicates that upregulated oxidative metabolism is also pivotal in tumorigenesis. In this article, we discuss factors that upregulate oxidative metabolism in tumor cells. These factors are associated with tumor cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic stimuli including antitumor drugs, requirements related to the different steps of tumorigenesis (initiation and acquisition of cancer stem-like cell functions, primary tumor growth, quiescence, metastatic dissemination), factors related to the phenotypic changes of tumor cells (e.g., autophagy and epithelial-mesenchymal transition), and particular metabolic requirements of proliferating tumor cells. In this context, we also discuss drug resistance associated with upregulated oxidative metabolism. We conclude by proposing a model whereby these factors, either individually or in combination, promote upregulation of oxidative metabolism. In the following, we address some mechanistic aspects that underlie the upregulation of oxidative metabolism and discuss the consequences on tumor prognosis. In the conclusion section of this article, we discuss possible therapeutic implications of the knowledge gathered in this field over the years.
The proposed phase I HepaVac-201 will investigate safety, tolerability and immunogenicity of the same investigational IMA-970A agent, formulated in Montanide combined with an anti-PD-L1 (i.e.Durvalumab). Compared to the previous HepaVac-101 clinical trial, two major differences are introduced. The adjuvant Montanide (oil and water mix) will replace the CV8102 (TLR agonist) which was used in the HepaVac-101 trial. The anti-PD-L1 Durvalumab is introduced in the protocol. Indeed, several reports have shown that, inhibitory receptors are induced after vaccination. Blocking these inhibitory pathways lead to amplification of the T cell-mediated immune response. In particular, IFNγ production by antitumour-specific T cells could also upregulate PD-L1 on tumour cells, as a resistance mechanism to adaptive immunity, thereby promoting PD-L1-PD-1 blockade after vaccination. Several early phases clinical trials have been performed to validate this hypothesis. The aim is to verify whether these two changes in the HepaVac-201 protocol will improve the immunogenicity of the vaccine keeping the same safety profile as in the HepaVac-101 protocol. The phase I clinical trial HepaVac-201 will be conducted at the Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy. Dr. Luigi Buonaguro will be the coordinator of the trial. Dr. Francesco Izzo and Dr. Paolo A. Ascierto are the lead Investigators. The trial is designed as a single-arm, open-label, phase I study investigating an off-the-shelf, multi-peptide-base HCC vaccine plus Montanide, combined with Durvalumab in patients with very early, early and intermediate stage of HCC. The investigational agents will be applied without concomitant anti-tumour therapy with the intention to reduce risk of recurrence/progression in patients who have received all indicated standard treatment.
The invention discloses a polyethylene glycol modified NPFF. The technical scheme is that the anti-inflammatory activity of NPFF-PEG is detected by adopting a polyethylene glycol modified NPFF (NPFF-PEG), a mouse podoma inflammation model and an LPS stimulation survival curve model. Experiments prove that NPFF-PEG has good anti-inflammatory activity. NPFF-PEG inhibited inflammation at 15mg/kg and 30mg/kg by 41.25% and 50.74%, respectively (12 hours), in a mouse foot swelling inflammation model. On the LPS-stimulated survival curve model, NPFF-PEG1mg/kg significantly prolonged survival time (increased by 75% survival rate at 14 days) of LPS-stimulated group (LPS 25 mg/kg). The invention provides an application of NPFF-PEG as an anti-inflammatory drug, provides beneficial help for treating corresponding inflammation, and has potential application value in the field of medicine.
An aqueous oral preparation is provided which contains a peroxygen compound and a flavor which is stable in such system. The peroxygen compound is preferably hydrogen peroxide. The preparation may be in the form of a mouthrinse, a paste or a gel. Many optional ingredients may be included such as ethanol, polyhydric alcohols, non-ionic surfactants, fluorides, color, preservative, sweetener, and the like. A preferred rinse includes ethanol, sorbitol, a Pluronic surfactant, a Tween surfactant, sodium saccharin, and color. A typically preferred gel is similar to the rinse but contains about 20 wt. % of a thickener.
Microsporidia are obligate intracellular eukaryotic parasites with an extremely broad host range. They have both economic and public health importance. Ploidy in microsporidia is variable, with a few species formally identified as diploid and one as polyploid. Given the increase in the number of studies sequencing microsporidian genomes, it is now possible to assess ploidy levels across all currently explored microsporidian diversity. We estimate ploidy for all microsporidian data sets available on the Sequence Read Archive using k-mer-based analyses, indicating that polyploidy is widespread in Microsporidia and that ploidy change is dynamic in the group. Using genome-wide heterozygosity estimates, we also show that polyploid microsporidian genomes are relatively homozygous, and we discuss the implications of these findings on the timing of polyploidization events and their origin.IMPORTANCEMicrosporidia are single-celled intracellular parasites, distantly related to fungi, that can infect a broad range of hosts, from humans all the way to protozoans. Exploiting the wealth of microsporidian genomic data available, we use k-mer-based analyses to assess ploidy status across the group. Understanding a genome's ploidy is crucial in order to assemble it effectively and may also be relevant for better understanding a parasite's behavior and life cycle. We show that tetraploidy is present in at least six species in Microsporidia and that these polyploidization events are likely to have occurred independently. We discuss why these findings may be paradoxical, given that Microsporidia, like other intracellular parasites, have extremely small, reduced genomes.
An aptamer for specifically recognizing soluble ST2 and the use thereof, belonging to the field of variation or genetic engineering. The technical problem to be solved is how to specifically detect sST2. In order to solve the technical problem, aptamers of single-stranded DNAs respectively having SEQ ID NO. 1-10 are provided. SELEX technology is used in combination with a high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis, screening rounds are reduced and candidate aptamers are obtained, and the affinity and specificity of said aptamers are further analyzed, so as to obtain an aptamer for specifically recognizing sST2. The aptamer has the characteristics of high specificity, high stability, convenience in synthesis, easiness in marking functional groups and the like, and can be used for detection of sST2 and the preparation of products such as biosensors, diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases and the like.
Youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D), an increasingly common and aggressive disease that disproportionately impacts racial and ethnic minorities, presents several diagnostic challenges. The rapid loss of glycemic control soon after T2D diagnosis makes early identification an important goal in pediatrics, and risk-based screening has been recommended for children for over two decades. However, the screening tests currently used in practice, including hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting glucose, and 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), have significant drawbacks. Real-time continuous glucose monitors (CGM) are promising new tools for risk stratification in individuals with dysglycemia. These patient-worn medical devices measure interstitial glucose every 5 minutes and offer glimpses into an individual's everyday life, which may include consumption of carbohydrates in amounts larger than that assessed in an OGTT, enhancing test sensitivity. Whether use of CGMs to evaluate type 2 diabetes risk in free-living youth is feasible and acceptable to patients and families is unknown. Assessment of CGM with standardized, but practical, home-based glucose and mixed-meal challenges is needed to determine facilitators and barriers to use of this technology-driven approach in clinical practice. Without advancement in the approach to screening for youth-onset T2D, there is ongoing risk of failure to understand which individuals are at highest risk for complications and could benefit the most from intervention early in the disease process.

In this single-arm prospective study, participants will attend one in-person study visit to complete 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test after overnight fast. Participants will wear a continuous glucose monitor and a wrist-worn actigraphy device for physical activity and sleep measurement for 10 days beginning on the day of the study visit, then return the monitors by mail. During the 10 day wear period, participants will respond to text message-based surveys to document food intake, physical activity, and sleep times and will complete two at-home challenges: 1) glucose challenge using study-provided glucose beverage that is identical to that they consume during clinical oral glucose tolerance test; and 2) food challenge with mixed carbohydrate/fat/protein-containing food of their choice. Glucose trends during these at-home challenges will be compared with oral glucose tolerance test obtained during the study visit. Individual interviews will be conducted upon completion of CGM wear to assess acceptability of the use of at-home glucose challenge and CGM wear as a strategy to evaluate diabetes risk in youth.
In the first step of the protocol, all the patients will have a kinetic study of the TRL-apoB48 in conditions of a saline infusion to measure the "basal" production and clearance rates of the TRL-apoB48. In the second step,the patients of this arm will perform an euglycaemic hyperinsulinic clamp to maintain plasma glucose around 1g/l.