anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Complement is an important component of innate immune defence against pathogens and crucial for efficient immune complex disposal. These core protective activities are dependent in large part on properly regulated complement-mediated inflammation. Dysregulated complement activation, often driven by persistence of activating triggers, is a cause of pathological inflammation in numerous diseases, including neurological diseases. Increasingly, this has become apparent not only in well-recognized neuroinflammatory diseases like multiple sclerosis but also in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases where inflammation was previously either ignored or dismissed as a secondary event. There is now a large and rapidly growing body of evidence implicating complement in neurological diseases that cannot be comprehensively addressed in a brief review. Here, we will focus on neurodegenerative diseases, including not only the 'classical' neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, but also two other neurological diseases where neurodegeneration is a neglected feature and complement is implicated, namely, schizophrenia, a neurodevelopmental disorder with many mechanistic features of neurodegeneration, and multiple sclerosis, a demyelinating disorder where neurodegeneration is a major cause of progressive decline. We will discuss the evidence implicating complement as a driver of pathology in these diverse diseases and address briefly the potential and pitfalls of anti-complement drug therapy for neurodegenerative diseases.
Alterations to the resting-state default mode network (rsDMN) are early indicators of memory decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Brain regions shared by the rsDMN and memory circuitry are highly sexually dimorphic. However, data are limited regarding the impact of sex and reproductive status on rsDMN connectivity and memory circuitry and function. In the current investigation, rsDMN connectivity was assessed in 180 early midlife adults aged 45 to 55 by sex and reproductive status (87 women; 93 men). Associations between left and right hippocampal connectivity of rsDMN and verbal memory encoding circuitry were examined using linear mixed models, controlled for age and parental socioeconomic status, testing interactions by sex and reproductive status. Relative to men, women exhibited greater rsDMN connectivity between the left and right hippocampus. In relation to rsDMN-memory encoding connectivity, sex differences were revealed across the menopausal transition, such that only postmenopausal women exhibited loss of the ability to decrease rsDMN left-right hippocampal connectivity during memory encoding associated with poorer memory performance. Results demonstrate that sex and reproductive status play an important role in aging of the rsDMN and interactions with memory circuitry/function. This suggests the critical importance of sex and reproductive status when studying early midlife indicators of memory decline and AD risk.
The active transcranial phototherapy device. 1068 nm NIR Transcranial phototherapy PBM-T device An air-cooled LED helmet with a peak wavelength of 1068 nm, spectral width of 60 nm, and a 6-minute internal timer was used. The average optical power output of the combined arrays is circa 3.8 Watts, 12mw/sq. cm. The total energy to be delivered to the cranium is 1368J (3.8 x 360) per treatment session.
Machine learning has gained attention in the medical field. Continuous efforts are being made to develop robust models for early prognosis purposes. The brain is the most pivotal organ in the human body. A brain stroke is generally caused by a blockage in the brain arteries. A brain stroke is one of the primary reasons for death. Therefore, early prediction of diseases like brain stroke, heart attack can significantly help in making decisions for doctors. The research study aims to find a robust and potential technique for the early prediction of brain stroke, Alzheimer's, heart attack, cancer, Parkinson's and potentially reducing the incidence of severe post complications of the mentioned diseases. By considering the five datasets as input, machine learning models have been trained for the research study. Early prediction of brain stroke has been done using eight individual classifiers along with 56 other models which are designed by merging the pairs of individual models using soft and hard voting for brain stroke and eight individual classifiers have been used for early prediction of heart attack, cancer, Alzheimer and Parkinson's. After analyzing the results of each classifier for each disease, the proposed method, which is a pair of random forest and decision tree using a hard voting method for early brain stroke prediction, achieves the highest accuracy of 99%, which is better than all classifiers. Along with accuracy, the proposed method attained a value of 98% in precision, an outstanding 100% in recall, and 99% in F1 score. XGBoost performed best for cancer, Parkinson's, Alzeihmer's and Bernoulli naive bayes performed best in case of Heart attack .Upon comparing the values of these performance metrics, they outshine all the other model's values.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To edit medical record information consisting of a plurality of entry items for an easy understanding.  <P>SOLUTION: A patient information storage means 11 stores order information containing character information representing a treatment for a patient, in association with patient identification information identifying the patient. An extraction means 12 extracts words specifying the treatment from the character information contained in the order information stored in the patient information storage means 11. An edit means 13 applies the words extracted by the extraction means 12 to a predetermined template to generate edit information. An edit information storage means 14 adds the edit information generated by the edit means 13 to the order information for storage in a storage means 15. An output means 16 outputs display information for displaying the edit information stored in the storage means 15 in response to a request to display the order information.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
BACKGROUND: Obesity-related cardiometabolic comorbidity is common in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, sex differences and MDD recurrence may modify the MDD-obesity-link.
METHODS: Sex-specific associations of MDD recurrence (single [MDDS] or recurrent episodes [MDDR]) and obesity-related traits were analyzed in 4.100 adults (51.6% women) from a cross-sectional population-based cohort in Germany (SHIP-Trend-0). DSM-IV-based lifetime MDD diagnoses and MDD recurrence status were obtained through diagnostic interviews. Obesity-related outcomes included anthropometrics (weight, body mass index, waist- and hip-circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio), bioelectrical impedance analysis of body fat mass and fat-free mass, and subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from abdominal magnetic resonance imaging. Sex-stratified linear regression models predicting obesity-related traits from MDD recurrence status were adjusted for age, education, and current depressive symptoms.
RESULTS: 790 participants (19.3%) fulfilled lifetime MDD criteria (23.8% women vs. 14.5% men, p<0.001). In women, MDDS was inversely associated with anthropometric indicators of general and central obesity, while MDDR was positively associated with all obesity-related traits, except waist-to-hip ratio and fat-free mass. In women, MDDR versus MDDS was associated with higher levels of obesity across all outcomes except fat-free mass. In men, MDD was positively associated with SAT regardless of MDD recurrence. Additionally, lifetime MDD was positively associated with VAT in men. Results remained significant in sensitivity analyses after exclusion of participants with current use of antidepressants.
CONCLUSIONS: The MDD-obesity association is modified by MDD recurrence and sex independent of current depressive symptoms. Accounting for sex and MDD recurrence may identify individuals with MDD at increased cardiometabolic risk.
Donor patients receive the vaccination series followed by collection of peripheral blood. This blood will be used to create the CD8-depleted donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) which will be given to the donor's related recipient patient on the J21112 study.
The tumor marker cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) is that most commonly used to monitor metastatic breast cancer during active therapy and surveillance for disease recurrence after treatment. The association of CA 15-3 and 18F-FDG PET/CT findings can be considered complementary, since any significant rise may indicate the presence of disease and imaging is able to map the tumor sites. Although current guidelines do not recommend the routine performance of CA 15-3 in asymptomatic patients being followed up after definitive breast cancer treatment, most oncologists perform serial assessment of the tumor markers as part of routine follow-up of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between CA 15-3 levels and 18F-FDG PET/CT scan findings in patients with recurrent breast cancer. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with data collected retrospectively. Patients being evaluated for breast cancer recurrence with 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging and CA 15-3 level were included. Evaluation of the association between CA 15-3 levels and 18F-FDG PET/CT scan findings was then done. Results: In total, 154 cases were included in this study; 62 patients had recurrence (positive) on the 18F-FDG PET/CT scans, whereas 92 patients had normal (negative) findings on follow-up 18F-FDG PET/CT scans. There was an association between CA 15-3 levels and the presence or absence of recurrence on 18F-FDG PET/CT scans, with 84.4% (27/32) of patients who had elevated CA 15-3 levels having disease recurrence on 18F-FDG PET/CT and 84.4% (27/32) of patients who had elevated CA 15-3 levels having disease recurrence on 18F-FDG PET/CT as well as a correlation with the burden of metastases. Most patients with disease recurrence on 18F-FDG PET/CT, however, had normal CA 15-3 levels. Conclusion: Higher CA 15-3 levels correlate with breast cancer recurrence on 18F-FDG PET/CT as well as with burden of metastasis. Notably, CA 15-3 levels within the reference range do not exclude breast cancer disease recurrence since more than half of patients with recurrence had normal CA 15-3 levels. 18F-FDG PET/CT should therefore be considered in patients with suspected breast cancer recurrence but normal CA 15-3 levels.
AIMS: The present study was developed to investigate how litter reduction-induced obesity promotes early depressive-related behaviors in rodent offspring.
MAIN METHODS: We employed a standardized litter size reduction protocol, dividing litters into groups: normal litters (NL), consisting of six males and six females pups and small litters (SL), comprising two males and two females pups. Maternal behavior was monitored during the initial week of lactation. Subsequently, we assessed the pups for weight gain, locomotor activity, social play behavior, and performance in forced swimming test. We further evaluated the weights of retroperitoneal and perigonadal fat tissues, along with the expression of glial fibrillary acidic pprotein (GFAP) in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of the offspring.
KEY FINDINGS: Our results indicated that litter size reduction led to an increased the maternal behavior. In contrast, offspring from the SL group displayed greater weight gain and increased, retroperitoneal and perigonadal fat. Both male and female rodents in the SL group exhibited decreased social play behavior, and male offspring spent more time immobile during the forced swimming test, suggesting a depressive-like phenotype. Notably, we observed an increase in the GFAP expression in the prefrontal cortex of male rodents, with a trend toward increased expression in the hippocampus.
SIGNIFICANCE: Obesity may facilitate the development of early depressive-like behaviors, potentially associated with elevated GFAP expression in the prefrontal cortex.
Children with visual impairments form a risky group in terms of abuse as they are more dependent in relation to providing self-care compared to children with visually healthy and they use their sense of touch in communicating with the environment. The 53 students with visual impairments were randomly assigned to the intervention group and the control group. The study data were collected through children's knowledge of abuse questionnaire - revised with the subdimensions of good touch and bad touch. Nurse-led body protection education was provided to the intervention group in groups of 3-4 in 40 minutes. The education was provided as verbal narration by using a doll and distress whistle. In addition, two weeks after the post-test, a reminder education brochure prepared with the braille alphabet was distributed to the students in the intervention group.
BACKGROUND: During invasive ventilation, external flow jet nebulization results in increases in displayed exhaled tidal volumes (VT). We hypothesized that the magnitude of the increase is inaccurate. An ASL 5000 simulator measured ventilatory parameters over a wide range of adult settings: actual VT, peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), and time to minimum pressure.
METHODS: Ventilators with internal and external flow sensors were tested by using a variety of volume and pressure control modes (the target VT was 420 mL). Patient conditions (normal, COPD, ARDS) defined on the ASL 5000 were assessed at baseline and with 3.5 or 8 L/min of added external flow. Patient-triggering was assessed by reducing muscle effort to the level that resulted in backup ventilation and by changing ventilator sensitivity to the point of auto-triggering.
RESULTS: Results are reported as percentage change from baseline after addition of 3.5 or 8 L/min external flow. For ventilators with internal flow sensors, changes in displayed exhaled VT ranged from 10% to 118%, however, when using volume control, actual increases in actual VT and PIP were only 4%-21% (P = .063, .031) and 6%-24% (P = .25, .031), respectively. Changes in actual VT correlated closely with changes in PIP (P < .001; R2 = 0.68). For pressure control, actual VT decreased by 3%-5% (P = .031) and 4%-9% (P = .031) with 3.5 and 8 L/min respectively, PIP was unchanged. With external flow sensors at the distal Y-piece junction, volume and pressure changes were statistically insignificant. The time to minimum pressure increased at most by 8% (P = .02) across all modes and ventilators. The effects on muscle pressure were minimal (∼1 cm H2O), and ventilator sensitivity effects were nearly undetectable.
CONCLUSIONS: External flow jet nebulization resulted in much smaller changes in volume than indicated by the ventilator display. Statistically significant effects were confined primarily to machines with internal flow sensors. Differences approached the manufacturer-reported variation in ventilator baseline performance. During nebulizer therapy, effects on VT can be estimated at the bedside by monitoring PIP.
Participants receive a single subcutaneous (SC) administration of Denosumab 120 mg every 4 weeks (+/- 5days). Starting week 5, in addition to receiving Denosumab every 4 weeks, participants receive a hormonal agent chosen by each physician, excluding the agent that participants received at adjuvant therapy setting.
PURPOSE: To analyse and compare the functional and radiological outcome of different methods of surgical management of humerus shaft fractures in 30 patients treated by conventional open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) or minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO).
METHODS: This prospective interventional study was conducted among 30 patients by dividing into two equal groups over one year and six months. All patients were followed up for a minimum of at least six months. Radiological outcome was assessed using fracture union in serial radiographs and functional outcome was measured using DASH scoring.
RESULTS: The majority of patients (26.7%) were between 18 to 30 years, overall mean age was 44.4 years, most of the patients (50%) had 12A3 AO type fractures, and 73.3% of patients had injuries following two-wheeler road traffic accidents. On comparing multiple factors, we found a statistically significant reduction of intra-operative blood loss in MIPO compared to ORIF. Though time taken for fracture union, functional outcome and complication rate were better in MIPO when compared to ORIF, these differences were not statistically significant. two patients in the MIPO group and one patient in the ORIF group had a peri-implant fracture following slip and fall again within the study period and underwent Revision plating. Excluding cases of peri-implant fractures, out of 13 patients in the MIPO group, only one patient developed fracture non-union. Of 14 patients in the ORIF group, three developed fracture non-union.
CONCLUSION: MIPO is a safe, reproducible, efficient and good if not a better alternative to ORIF as it offers good radiological and functional outcomes with advantages of minimal soft tissue damage, minimal blood loss, better cosmesis, no incidence of radial nerve palsy and with few concerns such as the need for fluoroscopy, and a learning curve.
Approximately 30% of US adults have prehypertension (untreated blood pressure ≥120-139/80-89 mmHg) and 29% have hypertension (blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg or antihypertensive medication use). Numerous factors contribute to the development of prehypertension and hypertension including age, genetics, obesity, and behavioral factors such as exercise and diet.However, the sleep disorder insomnia is another behavioral factor increasingly implicated with risk of hypertension. Insomnia, the most frequent sleep complaint in adults, is characterized by difficulty falling asleep, trouble maintaining sleep or non-restorative sleep coupled with significant daytime distress or functional impairment. Insomnia is a pervasive sleep disorder associated with decreased quality of life, reduced work productivity, and increased health care costs; it is increasingly identified as a cardiovascular disease risk factor. Lifestyle modifications recommended for pre-hypertension and hypertension do not address sleep. This pilot randomized clinical trial will test the preliminary efficacy of an online cognitive behavioral therapy intervention (N=40) versus an online healthy sleep habits intervention (N=20), to reduce blood pressure in a sample of untreated individuals with insomnia and prehypertension or hypertension. Participants will be followed for 12-weeks post-intervention. Primary outcome measures are systolic blood pressure. Secondary measures include sleep efficiency, insomnia severity, physical and mental function.
In a clinical study, patients with HT-1 were diagnosed by the presence of succinylacetone in urine or plasma and treated with nitisinone [see Clinical Studies (14)]. In all 186 patients whose urine succinylacetone was measured, the urinary succinylacetone concentration decreased to less than 1 mmol/mol creatinine, the lower limit of quantitation. The median time to normalization of urine succinylacetone was 0.3 months. The probability of recurrence of abnormal values of urine succinylacetone was 1% at a nitisinone concentration of 37 micromol/L (95% confidence interval: 23, 51 micromol/L). In 87% (150/172) of patients whose plasma succinylacetone was measured, the plasma succinylacetone concentration decreased to less than 0.1 micromol/L, the lower limit of quantitation. The median time to normalization of plasma succinylacetone was 3.9 months. 

Nitisinone inhibits catabolism of the amino acid tyrosine and can result in elevated plasma levels of tyrosine. Therefore, treatment with nitisinone requires restriction of the dietary intake of tyrosine and phenylalanine to prevent the toxicity associated with elevated plasma levels of tyrosine [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].   
  
Additional pediatric use information is approved for Swedish Orphan Biovitrum ABPUBL's Orfadin (nitisinone) capsules. However, due to Swedish Orphan Biovitrum ABPUBL's marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that pediatric information.
The applicator has a container (2) for the liquid mascara on which is an applicator (12) with long handle (11). The applicator and container form a unit containing liquid disinfectant. When the applicator is not in use, it is contained in a hollow cavity (13) not containing mascara and connected to a storage container (22a) for disinfectant. The storage container for disinfectant is positioned in the base (20) of the hollow cavity, from which it is separated by a semi-permeable membrane. The applicator handle has at least two sealing and wiper appliances (15, 16) between which is the wetted area (14). USE/ADVANTAGE - The mascara applicator is easy to manipulate, can be adapted to the quantity of mascara required and avoids contamination of the applicator.
The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for promoting stem cell and/or progenitor cell proliferation and/or differentiation. The provided compositions may be useful in treating a disease or condition that is related to mucosal barrier function, e.g., wound healing, treating skin conditions (e.g., atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, bed sores, or condition related to the aging of skin), treating a lung disorders (e.g., asthma), a condition related to improving mucosal barrier function, and/or treating injury to GI mucosa in a subject in need thereof. The present disclosure also provides methods for promoting the proliferation and/or differentiation of stem cells and/or the progenitor cells in a subject in need of such treatment by administering a composition. The ability to stimulate the proliferation and/or differentiation of stem cells and/or the progenitor cells in vivo, ex vivo and/or in vitro provides tremendous benefit. The present disclosure can be used to increase stem cell populations in in vivo, ex vivo and/or in vitro. Stem cell transplantation provides treatments and/or cures of many disease states, degeneration and/or injury.
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are some of the key culprits that cause cancer metastasis and metastasis-related deaths. These cells exist in a dynamic microenvironment where they experience fluid shear stress (FSS), and the CTCs that survive FSS are considered to be highly metastatic and stem cell-like. Biophysical stresses such as FSS are also known to cause the production of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can facilitate cell-cell communication by carrying biomolecular cargos such as microRNAs. Here, we hypothesized that physiological FSS will impact the yield of EV production, and that these EVs will have biomolecules that transform the recipient cells. The EVs were isolated using direct flow filtration with and without FSS from the MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line, and the expression of key stemness-related genes and microRNAs was characterized. There was a significantly increased yield of EVs under FSS. These EVs also contained significantly increased levels of miR-21, which was previously implicated to promote metastatic progression and chemotherapeutic resistance. When these EVs from FSS were introduced to MCF-7 cancer cells, the recipient cells had a significant increase in their stem-like gene expression and CD44+/CD24- cancer stem cell-like subpopulation. There was also a correlated increased proliferation along with an increased ATP production. Together, these findings indicate that the presence of physiological FSS can directly influence the EVs' production and their contents, and that the EV-mediated transfer of miR-21 can have an important role in FSS-existing contexts, such as in cancer metastasis.