anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Glucosamine is a popular over-the-counter nutritional supplement that many people use for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Intravenous administration of glucosamine to animals or humans causes significant metabolic insulin resistance and vascular endothelial dysfunction. Moreover, experiments with various cell lines have implicated elevated glucosamine levels in the development of insulin resistance. However, there are no published studies examining the potential effects of oral glucosamine administration to modulate insulin sensitivity or capillary recruitment in humans. This is a significant concern because insulin resistance and vascular dysfunction contribute importantly to major public health problems including diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Normal healthy volunteers and obese insulin resistant subjects will be enrolled in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study to evaluate the effects of oral glucosamine to modulate insulin sensitivity and insulin-stimulated capillary recruitment. The reference standard hyperinsulinemic isoglycemic glucose clamp technique will be used to assess insulin sensitivity before treatment, after placebo or oral glucosamine (500 mg p.o. TID for 6 weeks), and after completion of the crossover. In addition, insulin-stimulated capillary recruitment will be measured at the same time as the glucose clamp studies by using the ultrasound microbubble contrast technique to assess blood flow in the brachial artery and capillary recruitment in forearm skeletal muscle in response to hyperinsulinemia. Finally, plasma glucosamine levels will be measured just prior to each glucose clamp study using an HPLC method. The results of this study will determine if oral glucosamine administration causes significant insulin resistance and impairment in insulin-stimulated capillary recruitment in healthy volunteers or worsens insulin resistance and capillary recruitment in obese subjects. In addition, our study will provide important information about how plasma glucosamine levels change with commonly used oral doses of glucosamine.
Implantable loop recorders (ILR) are considered increasingly helpful in diagnosing cardio-neurological conditions, especially if arrhythmic events are of high clinical importance but are unlikely to be captured by standard methods of electrocardiogram recording due to the low frequency of events and short duration of a single event. The compelling evidence from randomized trials and observational studies strongly supports ILR utilization in patients after cryptogenic stroke or transient ischemic attack and in patients with recurrent transient loss of consciousness of unknown origin. These two groups of patients are expected to gain the most from initiating ILR-driven clinically effective management strategies. Stroke or transient ischemic attack survivors with detected subclinical atrial fibrillation can be switched from antiplatelets to anticoagulants, whilst patients with recurrent syncope may avoid severe injuries and/or substantial impairment of their quality of life. This joint opinion of the Heart Rhythm Association of the Polish Cardiac Society and experts from the Polish Neurological Society summarizes the up-to-date rationale for using ILR in everyday clinical practice and describes the road map for implementing this technology in Poland. Special emphasis is placed on the most recent guidelines issued by both cardiological and neurological scientific societies.
Femoral head necrosis (FHN) is a serious complication after femoral neck fractures (FNF), often linked to sclerosis around screw paths. Our study aimed to uncover the proteomic and metabolomic underpinnings of FHN and sclerosis using integrated proteomics and metabolomics analyses. We identified differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and metabolites (DEMs) among three groups: patients with FNF (Group A), sclerosis (Group B), and FHN (Group C). Using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology enrichment analyses, we examined the roles of these proteins and metabolites. Our findings highlight the significant differences across the groups, with 218 DEPs and 44 DEMs identified between the sclerosis and FNF groups, 247 DEPs and 31 DEMs between the FHN and sclerosis groups, and a stark 682 DEPs and 94 DEMs between the FHN and FNF groups. Activities related to carbonate dehydratase and hydrolase were similar in the FHN and sclerosis groups, whereas extracellular region and lysosome were prevalent in the FHN and FNF groups. Our study also emphasized the involvement of the PI3K-Akt pathway in sclerosis and FHN. Moreover, the key metabolic pathways were implicated in glycerophospholipid metabolism and retrograde endocannabinoid signaling. Using western blotting, we confirmed the pivotal role of specific genes/proteins such as ITGB5, TNXB, CA II, and CA III in sclerosis and acid phosphatase 5 and cathepsin K in FHN. This comprehensive analyses elucidates the molecular mechanisms behind sclerosis and FHN and suggests potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, paving the way for improved treatment strategies. Further validation of the findings is necessary to strengthen the robustness and reliability of the results.
Waiting-list Comparator (nocebo): Participants initially receive one session for psychological assessment. At the end of the session, participants are informed that they will be contacted to schedule the second session, where feedback about the assessment will be provided. Participants are contacted during the same week, to schedule the second session 8 weeks after the first session. If in the second session participants agree to proceed with the psychological intervention, then the remaining 4-6 sessions of Skills4Parenting+ are conducted.
If using VIGPODER powder for oral solution, physicians should review and discuss the Medication Guide and instructions for mixing and giving VIGPODER with the patient or caregiver(s). Physicians should confirm that patients or caregiver(s) understand how to mix VIGPODER powder with water and administer the correct daily dose.

Empty the entire contents of each 500 mg packet into a clean cup, and dissolve in 10 mL of cold or room temperature water per packet. Administer the resulting solution using the 3 mL or 10 mL oral syringe provided by the pharmacy [see How Supplied/Storage and Handling (16.1)]. The concentration of the final solution is 50 mg/mL.

Table 3 below describes how many packets and how many milliliters (mL) of water will be needed to prepare each individual dose. The concentration after reconstitution is 50 mg/mL.

Discard the resulting solution if it is not clear (or free of particles) and colorless. Each individual dose should be prepared and used immediately. Discard any unused portion of the solution after administering the correct dose.
Urea derivatives of formula (1) which comprise piperidine or piperazine ring. Each of A and B is independently hydrogen; alkyl; a 6­membered aromatic or nonaromatic, carbocyclic or heterocyclic moiety; an aminoalkyl or an aminoalkenyl; wherein only one of A and B may be hydrogen or alkyl. RI is H, alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl. Z is N or CHNR2. Each of R3 may be a variety of substituents. Each of R4 may be H or alkyl. Each Ar is a 6-membered or fused aromatic system optionally containing nitrogen atoms; m is 0-3 and n is 0-2. These compounds are effective in ameliorating conditions characterized by unwanted calcium channel activity.
Subjects from Phase I with a homozygous CYP4F2\*1 (n=14) or CYP4F2\*3 carriers (n=14) are selected to receive daily vitamin K supplementation, for 10-days. Blood and urine samples are collected sequentially, at baseline, and during the supplementation period.
The evolution of neurosurgical approaches to spasticity spans centuries, marked by key milestones and innovative practitioners. Probable ancient descriptions of spasmodic conditions were first classified as spasticity in the 19th century through the interventions of Dr. William John Little on patients with cerebral palsy. The late 19th century witnessed pioneering efforts by surgeons such as Dr. Charles Loomis Dana, who explored neurotomies, and Dr. Charles Sherrington, who proposed dorsal rhizotomy to address spasticity. Dorsal rhizotomy rose to prominence under the expertise of Dr. Otfrid Foerster but saw a decline in the 1920s due to emerging alternative procedures and associated complications. The mid-20th century saw a shift toward myelotomy but the revival of dorsal rhizotomy under Dr. Claude Gros' selective approach and Dr. Marc Sindou's dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) lesioning. In the late 1970s, Dr. Victor Fasano introduced functional dorsal rhizotomy, incorporating electrophysiological evaluations. Dr. Warwick Peacock and Dr. Leila Arens further modified selective dorsal rhizotomy, focusing on approaches at the cauda equina level. Later, baclofen delivered intrathecally via an implanted programmable pump emerged as a promising alternative around the late 1980s, pioneered by Richard Penn and Jeffrey Kroin and then led by A. Leland Albright. Moreover, intraventricular baclofen has also been tried in this matter. The evolution of these neurosurgical interventions highlights the dynamic nature of medical progress, with each era building upon and refining the work of significant individuals, ultimately contributing to successful outcomes in the management of spasticity.
The present invention relates to the identification of new drug targets for therapy of disorders including cancer. In particular, the present invention relates to inhibition of the E3 ubiquitin ligase, Itch, as a means for treating disorders. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the regulation of p63 and p73 stability in cells. In particular, the invention relates to the modulation of the regulation of p63 and p73 stability in cells through modulation of the expression or activity of Itch. Moreover, the invention relates to the use of Itch as a target for the development of agents capable of modulating p63 or p73 stability and especially agents capable of modulating the interaction of Itch and p63 or p73. Such agents may be useful in therapeutic applications including cancer treatment and modulation of skin differentiation.
INTRODUCTION: Oral care is crucial for the prevention of cardiovascular events and pneumonia. However, few studies have evaluated the associations between multidimensional assessments of oral status or functional outcomes and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP).
METHODS: Consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) were retrospectively analyzed. We evaluated the modified oral assessment grade (mOAG) and investigated its association with a modified Rankin scale (mRS) score of 0‒2 (good stroke outcome) and HAP. The mOAG was developed to evaluate 8 categories (lip, tongue, coated tongue, saliva, mucosa, gingiva, preservation, and gargling) on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 to 3. We analyzed the effectiveness of the mOAG score for predicting stroke outcome or HAP using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
RESULTS: In total, 247 patients with AIS were analyzed. The area under the ROC curve of the mOAG for predicting poor outcomes was 0.821 (cutoff value: 7), and that for HAP incidence was 0.783 (cutoff value: 8). mOAG (a one-point increase) was associated with poor stroke outcome (odds ratio [OR] 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17‒1.48, P < 0.001) and HAP (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.07‒1.38, P = 0.003) after adjusting for baseline clinical characteristics, including age and stroke severity.
CONCLUSIONS: Lower mOAG scores at admission were independently associated with good outcomes and a decreased incidence of HAP. Comprehensive oral assessments are essential for acute stroke patients in clinical settings.
The invention provides a preparation method of a traditional Chinese medicine for treating alcoholism type hypochondriac pain, and belongs to the technical field of preparation methods of traditional Chinese medicines. Currently, morphine hydrochloride is generally adopted to treat heat alcoholism type hypochondriac pain, can cause dizziness, nausea, vomit, palpitation, constipation, perspiration, dysuresia and respiratory depression, and is easily addicted when being continuously administrated. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of immersing the following 19 Chinese medicines in water, namely kudzuvine root, fistular onion stalk, perilla leaf, centipeda minima, patrinia heterophylla, fructus viticis, cicada slough, buddleia, mint, ligusticum, radish seed, papaya, iris tectorum, carrot, buckwheat, medicated leaven, quince, green tangerine peel and liquorice; and decocting with slow fire to obtain decoction which is the traditional Chinese medicine for treating alcoholism type hypochondriac pain. The traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages of simple manufacture, small toxic and side effect of prepared Chinese medicine decoction, short course of treatment and high cure rate. Monarch, minister, assistant and guide medicines are compatible. Adverse reactions, allergy reactions and toxic reactions caused by Western medicaments sulfonamides and antibiotics can be avoided while the traditional Chinese medicine is administrated.
BACKGROUND: Vocal cord polyps are commonly encountered in the otorhinolaryngology department. The risk of anesthesia is high in patients with large vocal cord polyps. Awake intubation with appropriate airway tools provides a favorable safety profile.
CASE: We present the case of a 60-year-old male patient who had been suffering from a large vocal cord polyp for 16 years. Electronic laryngoscopy revealed that the vocal cord polyp was approximately 1.5 cm in diameter. The polyp had a pedicle and demonstrated synchronous motion with respiratory excursion. It covered almost the entire glottic area during inspiration and moved away from the glottis during expiration. A Disposcope endoscope was used for awake tracheal intubation, and the surgery was completed successfully.
CONCLUSIONS: The Disposcope endoscope can be a useful option for awake orotracheal intubation in cases of anticipated difficult intubation and difficult facemask ventilation.
The objective of this study is to assess embryology outcomes after implementation of a laboratory protocol known as ROSI at a high-volume clinical infertility practice. All samples from enrolled male patients with azoospermia who proceed with surgical sperm extraction (TESE or microTESE) will be evaluated for the presence of round spermatids. These round spermatids will be used as research samples as opposed to being discarded.

The investigators aim to identify whether the injection of round spermatids into donor oocytes can lead to successful fertilization, progression to the blastocyst stage, and euploid status. Performance of ROSI using donor oocytes not intended for implantation will allow the investigators to gain valuable insight regarding fertilization and development without any direct risk to patients or future offspring. These embryos are being generated for research purposes only and will ultimately be destroyed after the study has concluded. The investigators will measure rates of isolation of round spermatids from surgical samples, fertilization rates using donor oocytes, rates of progression to the blastocyst stage, and rates of aneuploidy using the previously described technique of ROSI.
Risk Summary

Fentanyl is present in breast milk. One published lactation study reports a relative infant dose of fentanyl of 0.38%. However, there is insufficient information to determine the effects of fentanyl on the breastfed infant and the effects of fentanyl on milk production. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for Fentanyl Citrate Injection and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from Fentanyl Citrate Injection or from the underlying maternal condition. 

Clinical Considerations

Monitor infants exposed to fentanyl through breast milk for excess sedation and respiratory depression. Withdrawal symptoms can occur in breastfed infants when maternal administration of an opioid analgesic is stopped, or when breast-feeding is stopped.
Renal fibrosis (RF) is a typical pathological presentation of end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). However, the precise regulatory mechanisms governing this re-expression process remain unclear. Differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with RF were screened by microarray analysis using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The miRNAs upstream of the genes in question were predicted using the miRWalk database. The miRNAs involved in the two GEO data sets were intersected to identify key miRNAs; their regulatory pathways were investigated using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Subsequently, the effects and the underlying mechanisms of target miRNA on RF were examined in a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced mice renal fibrotic model and a transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced tubular epithelium (HK-2) fibrotic cell model. In total, 109 and 32 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in the GSE133530 and GSE80247 data sets, respectively. GREM1 was identified as a hub gene, where its 2196 upstream miRNAs were predicted; miR-574-5p was found to be downregulated and closely related to fibrosis after data set intersection and enrichment analyses, thus was selected for further investigation. A differential expression heatmap (GSE162794) showed that miR-542-5p was downregulated. The expression of GREM1 mRNA was upregulated, whereas that of miR-542-5p was downregulated in UUO mice and fibrotic HK-2 cells as compared with the relevant controls. The binding site of miR-542-5p was predicted at the 3'UTR region of GREM1 and was confirmed by subsequent dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Western blot analysis showed that Gremlin-1 and Fibronectin were significantly upregulated after induction of TGF-β1; when miR-542-5p was overexpressed or GREM1 mRNA was interfered, the upregulations of Gremlin-1 and Fibronectin were significantly reduced. Our research demonstrates that miR-542-5p plays a critical role in the progression of RF, and thus may be a promising therapeutic target for CKD and ADPKD.
This national US study determined the causal impact of shared decision making (SDM) on pain outcomes, including any overall pain and the subcategories of any acute pain and any chronic pain. We additionally examined whether the causal impact of SDM on overall pain is moderated by gender, race-ethnicity, clinician-patient racial-ethnic concordance, and clinician-patient gender concordance. We used national US data from the 2003-2017 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, which were externally valid to the US national non-institutionalized population, employed a standard measure of shared decision making, and applied an internally-valid two-stage least squares approach that used the peer SDM behavior of similar clinicians as an instrument. The instrument was sufficiently strong and statistically uncorrelated with patient characteristics. We found a large impact of SDM on both female and male chronic pain outcomes, where the effect for females was approximately 50% larger than for males, with a 10 percentage point increase in SDM quality resulted fewer females experiencing chronic pain that interfered with everyday activities (-24.8 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 43.3, -6.4) than males (-16.5 percentage points; 95% CI: 32.9, -1.0). We estimated that a 10 percentage point national increase in the SDM index would thus result in 10.1 million fewer females and 5.7 million fewer males in the US experiencing chronic pain that interfered with their daily activities. Policy implications include both increasing the quality of SDM for all patients and educating male patients on the value of SDM.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiographic and clinical outcomes of patients undergoing sinus membrane elevation via a minimally invasive crestal approach utilizing the dental implant. Twenty patients having 1 or more missing posterior teeth were included. The maxillary sinus membrane was elevated using dental implant via a crestal approach in areas with insufficient residual bone. CBCT scans were used to measure the amount of newly formed bone, implant length inside the sinus, bucco-palatal sinus width, and bone thickness. Surgical and postsurgical complications along with implant survival were also measured. The mean (±SD) values for the newly formed bone after 1 year were 2.4 (±1.87) mm, while values for implant length inside the sinus were 4 (±1.49) mm. The results showed that percentage of implant length inside the sinus and the palatal bone thickness were statistically significant positive predictors of the newly formed bone. Higher percentage of implant length inside the sinus and increased palatal bone thickness were associated with larger amounts of newly formed bone. A high patient satisfaction was reported along with a 100% implant survival. The utilization of the novel dental implant approach for crestal sinus elevation demonstrated predictable clinical and radiographic outcomes. This novel technique is simple to both patients and clinicians, rendering it a promising and cost-efficient procedure.
BACKGROUND: Considering the antihepatitis effects of Tectorigenin (TEC), and the same adenosine mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in both hepatitis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) models, exploring the role of TEC in IBD is contributive to develop a new treatment strategy against IBD.
METHODS: The IBD mouse model was constructed by feeding with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and injection of TEC. Afterward, the mouse body weight, colon length, and disease activity index (DAI) were tested to assess the enteritis level. Mouse intestine lesions were detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Murine macrophages underwent lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction to establish an inflammation model. Cell viability was determined by cell counting kit-8 assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to measure interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expressions were quantified via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Levels of MAPK pathway-related proteins (p-P38, P38, p-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), JNK, signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p-ERK), COX-2 and iNOS were quantitated by Western blot.
RESULTS: TEC improved the inflammatory response through ameliorating weight loss, shortening colon, and increasing DAI score in IBD mouse. Expressions of intestinal inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS and COX-2) and MAPK pathway-related proteins (p-P38, p-JNK, and p-ERK) were increased both in DSS-induced mouse intestinal tissue, but TEC inhibited expressions of inflammatory factors. The same increased trend was identified in LPS-induced macrophages, but TEC improved macrophage inflammation, as evidenced by downregulation of inflammatory factors.
CONCLUSION: TEC mitigates IBD and LPS-induced macrophage inflammation in mice via inhibiting MAPK signaling pathway.