anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A primary goal of psychiatry is to better understand the pathways that link genetic risk to psychiatric symptoms. Here, we tested association of diagnosis and endophenotypes with overall and neurotransmitter pathway-specific polygenic risk in patients with early-stage psychosis. Subjects included 205 demographically diverse cases with a psychotic disorder who underwent comprehensive psychiatric and neurological phenotyping and 115 matched controls. Following genotyping, we calculated polygenic scores (PGSs) for schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BP) using Psychiatric Genomics Consortium GWAS summary statistics. To test if overall genetic risk can be partitioned into affected neurotransmitter pathways, we calculated pathway PGSs (pPGSs) for SZ risk affecting each of four major neurotransmitter systems: glutamate, GABA, dopamine, and serotonin. Psychosis subjects had elevated SZ PGS versus controls; cases with SZ or BP diagnoses had stronger SZ or BP risk, respectively. There was no significant association within psychosis cases between individual symptom measures and overall PGS. However, neurotransmitter-specific pPGSs were moderately associated with specific endophenotypes; notably, glutamate was associated with SZ diagnosis and with deficits in cognitive control during task-based fMRI, while dopamine was associated with global functioning. Finally, unbiased endophenotype-driven clustering identified three diagnostically mixed case groups that separated on primary deficits of positive symptoms, negative symptoms, global functioning, and cognitive control. All clusters showed strong genome-wide risk. Cluster 2, characterized by deficits in cognitive control and negative symptoms, additionally showed specific risk concentrated in glutamatergic and GABAergic pathways. Due to the intensive characterization of our subjects, the present study was limited to a relatively small cohort. As such, results should be followed up with additional research at the population and mechanism level. Our study suggests pathway-based PGS analysis may be a powerful path forward to study genetic mechanisms driving psychiatric endophenotypes.
A BHV-1 mutant virus has been made that incorporates into a single virus two or more deletions in one or more of three genes—glycoprotein N, glycoprotein E and Us9. Specifically, a BHV-1 U L 49.5Δ30-32 CT-null virus was made and tested. This mutant virus was then used to incorporate additional changes, e.g., the glycoprotein E cytoplasmic-tail deletion, the Us9 deletion, or both. This triple mutant BHV-1 U L 49.5Δ30-32 CT-null/gE CTΔ/Us9Δ virus will be superior to the current BHV-1 mutants because the mutant virus will not be shed following reactivation, will be a DIVA based on gE CT-specific serum antibodies, and will induce better protective response by inducing higher SN titers and better cellular immune response. This new virus will have sufficient viral replication in the nasal epithelium and will be a good vaccine for protection of cattle from BHV-1. The new mutant viruses can also be used as vectors for exogenous genes.
Therapy with polyvalent immunoglobulin (Ig) has been established as the standard therapy for antibody deficiencies for several decades now. Although subcutaneous infusions were originally proposed as an alternative to intramuscular injections, more recently, this method has been proven as a safe and convenient method for providing immunoglobulin levels in adults and children. Subcutaneous administration of immunoglobulins has some clinical advantages over intravenous immunoglobulin infusions (IVIG) , including a more benign side effect profile, better sustained levels of IgG in the blood and reduced cost. An additional benefit is an improvement in the quality of life, which is in part secondary to the feasibility of the patients to administer it themselves at home. The most common infections in primary antibody deficiency patients involves encapsulated bacteria, mainly Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b. The aim of this study is to verify if patients with antibody deficiency receiving subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIG) infusions keep protective antibody levels to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and tetanus toxoid.
PURPOSE:To obtain a remedy for periodontosis effective in moderately control ling the release of drug, having excellent affinity to the diseased part and appli cable without causing unagreeable feeling to the palate, by dispersing particles of water-insoluble polymer in a water-soluble polymer to obtain a base and dispersing a drug for the remedy of periodontosis in the obtained base. CONSTITUTION:Polymer particles insoluble, hardly soluble or soluble in water in a restricted pH range (having an average particle diameter of preferably 1-500mu, especially 1-300mu) are dispersed in a water-soluble polymer (e.g. methylcellulose, sodium alginate, PVA, etc.) to obtain a drug base. A substance effective as a remedy for periodontosis (e.g. fungicide, anti-bacterial agent, anti-inflammatory agent, hemostatic agent, plaque-dissolving agent, etc.) is dispersed in the above drug base and the dispersion is formed to a semisolid material such as gel or ointment or a solid material with the shape of film, sheet or rod. The polymer soluble within a restricted pH range is the one soluble at >=4pH or <=6pH.
The group underwent ultrasound treatment. Ultrasound treatment was administered at a frequency of 1 MHz, intensity of 1 W/cm2 ,pulsed mode duty cycle of 1:4 and with a handhold transducer of 5 cm2 (BTL 5000 Combi, UK). The time of application was 6 minutes over the area of the carpal tunnel. Aquasonic gel was used as a couplant. A total of 10 therapeutic sessions were performed during a period of two weeks (five session times per week). Additionally, nerve and gliding exercises were administered.
The present invention provides a single high-purity liquid comprising a partially fluorinated ether liquid for use as a long-term tamponade agent.  Compositions are directed to liquid tamponade agents consisting essentially of DEPE, or to agents comprising a soluble mixture of a partially fluorinated ether and either a silicone liquid (or oil) or a perfluorocarbon liquid (or any other liquid or oil that is clear, colorless, inert and has a low specific gravity. Partially fluorinated withers that have a specific gravity between 1.1 and 1.5 are well suited to rectify the deficiencies of silicone and perfluorocarbon liquids when they are used as tamponade agents. The soluble mixtures of the invention can be designed to have a specific gravity so that they do not have buoyancy problems (density greater than water), yet having a specific gravity that is not so high as to damage the posterior retina from mechanical forces (specific gravity less than 1.6). The mixtures can also be designed to have a specific gravity such that the mixture can act as a tamponade on both the superior and inferior retina simultaneously. The present invention provides such soluble mixtures and also partially fluorinated ether liquids alone, for the use and for the method of postoperative tamponade.  Thus, partially fluorinated wither liquids, and mixtures thereof, can be left in the eye postoperatively due to their long-term compatibility with the eye, thereby improving the success of retinal reattachment and healing procedures.
Neuropathic pain (NP) continues to be a significant problem that lacks effective treatment. Our study sought to explore a new promising gene target for the treatment of NP. Differential and enrichment analyses were performed on 24,197 genes and 12,088 genes from the NP microglial microarray and sequencing dataset. Candidate differentially expressed genes (DEGs), functions, and signaling pathways that are closely related to NP were identified by analyzing the bioinformatic results. For in vivo experiments, mice were divided into the sham and NP groups. The expressions of DEGs were validated to screen out the NP hub genes. For in vitro experiments, the hub genes in resting M0-BV2 and polarized M1-BV2 microglia were examined by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and qRT-PCR. DEGs in the NP microarray and sequencing data shared five candidate genes, CD244, MEGF9, PCGF2, PLSCR1, and NECAB2. The results of the in vivo experiment showed that the NP model group exhibited higher expression of PLSCR1 and MEGF9 compared to the sham group. The enrichment results of the DEGs revealed the biological processes of "response to lipopolysaccharide". PLSCR1 was highly expressed in the lipopolysaccharide-induced M1-BV2 microglia. PLSCR1 is a potential gene associated with microglial polarization in NP. These findings provide a new view on understanding the pathogenesis mechanism of NP.
BACKGROUND: Patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA)/HLA-B27-associated acute anterior uveitis (AAU) experience recurring acute flares, which pose significant visual and financial challenges. Despite established links between SpA and HLA-B27-associated AAU, the exact mechanism involved remains unclear, and further understanding is needed for effective prevention and treatment.
METHODS: To investigate the acute pathogenesis of SpA/HLA-B27-associated AAU, Mendelian randomization (MR) and single-cell transcriptomic analyses were employed. The MR incorporated publicly available protein quantitative trait locus data from previous studies, along with genome-wide association study data from public databases. Causal relationships between plasma proteins and anterior uveitis were assessed using two-sample MR. Additionally, colocalization analysis was performed using Bayesian colocalization. Single-cell transcriptome analysis utilized the anterior uveitis dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Dimensionality reduction, clustering, transcription factor analysis, pseudotime analysis, and cell communication analysis were subsequently conducted to explore the underlying mechanisms involved.
RESULTS: Mendelian randomization analysis revealed that circulating levels of AIF1 and VARS were significantly associated with a reduced risk of developing SpA/HLA-B27-associated AAU, with AIF1 showing a robust correlation with anterior uveitis onset. Colocalization analysis supported these findings. Single-cell transcriptome analysis showed predominant AIF1 expression in myeloid cells, which was notably lower in the HLA-B27-positive group. Pseudotime analysis revealed dendritic cell terminal positions in differentiation branches, accompanied by gradual decreases in AIF1 expression. Based on cell communication analysis, CD141+CLEC9A+ classic dendritic cells (cDCs) and the APP pathway play crucial roles in cellular communication in the Spa/HLA-B27 group.
CONCLUSIONS: AIF1 is essential for the pathogenesis of SpA/HLA-B27-associated AAU. Myeloid cell differentiation into DCs and decreased AIF1 levels are also pivotal in this process.
Project Body Neutrality is a digital, self-guided SSI that teaches adolescents about body neutrality. It contains self-reflection exercises, vignettes from fictional peers, and psychoeducation that support users in understanding why body positivity may be a difficult mindset for some individuals to obtain; additional self-reflection exercises and vignettes that present body neutrality as a well-rounded alternative to body positivity; exercises that culminate in a user-generated list of activities that their body allows them to enjoy as well as statements they can use to counter negative thoughts about their body; writing prompts where users provide advice based on body neutrality principles to fictional peers struggling with their body image; and an opportunity to contribute their advice or reflections anonymously to a lab-run social media campaign as a form of body neutrality advocacy. See all materials for this intervention here: https://osf.io/7qtuj.
INTRODUCTION: Human papillomavirus virus (HPV) is highest among young adults 15-24 years old. High-risk strains are responsible for the development of cancers including cervical, vaginal, vulvar, anal, oropharyngeal and penile. Despite HPV school-based vaccination programmes in the UK, HPV vaccination uptake rates continue to fluctuate due to misinformation and vaccine hesitancy post COVID-19. The aim of this study is to explore perceptions of post-primary school teachers and nurses regarding the current HPV education provision and the need to provide HPV education to students 15-17 years old when they are most likely to be becoming sexually active.
METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted using online semi-structured interviews between February-August 2022 with post-primary teachers and nurses in Northern Ireland, UK. Stratified random sampling was used to contact schools to recruit participants. Recruitment continued until data saturation was reached. Braun & Clarke's six-phase framework for reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.
RESULTS: Twelve teachers and six nurses participated in the study. Four themes arose based on the analysis including 1) the importance of HPV education 2) self-consent to the HPV vaccine 3) design of the HPV education and 4) delivery of the HPV education. Identified barriers to implementation of HPV education included lack of parental education, religion and the conservative culture of Northern Ireland.
DISCUSSION: Participants perceived HPV education to be poor or non-existent in their schools but placed high importance on this education. They indicated that a non-judgemental health professional would be the ideal person to deliver interactive HPV education as part of a mandated spiral curriculum.
CONCLUSION: HPV education at 15-17 years old provides students with an opportunity to learn about their HPV risk, their HPV vaccination status and an opportunity to self-consent to the HPV vaccine. The Education Authority and Department of Health should support health professionals to deliver consistent robust HPV health information to students of this age.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Ischemic stroke is a serious disabling and fatal disease that places a heavy burden on the world. Stroke induces a state of systemic immunosuppression that is strongly associated with an increased risk of infection and severe outcomes. Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) is an ancient Chinese traditional formula with a good clinical and experimental basis. However, the role of BYHWD on post-stroke immunomodulation, especially immunosuppression, is unclear.
AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacological mechanism of BYHWD to alleviate ischemic stroke by analyzing splenic T cells apoptosis triggered by the AIM2 inflammasome activation cascade.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: An ischemic stroke model in C57BL/6 J mice was constructed using the MCAO method. The mNSS test and the hanging wire test were conducted to evaluate neurological impairment in mice. Histopathological damage was visualized by Nissl staining and HE staining. The protective effects of BYHWD on the spleen were determined by splenic index and spleen HE staining. The inhibition of AIM2 inflammasome cascade by BYHWD were explored through immunofluorescence (IF), flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Flow cytometry was used to assess the apoptosis of splenic T cells.
RESULTS: BYHWD significantly reduced infarct size, improved neurological function scores, and alleviated histopathological damage in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice. At the same time, BYHWD salvaged spleen atrophy. BYHWD significantly ameliorated apoptosis of splenic T lymphocytes. Key proteins and factors in the AIM2/IL-1β/FasL/Fas axis are effectively inhibited from expression after BYHWD treatment.
CONCLUSION: It is the first study to demonstrate that BYHWD can improve stroke-induced immunosuppression by down-regulating Fas-dependent splenic T-cell apoptosis triggered by peripheral AIM2 inflammasome-driven signaling cascade.
COPD patients who had been users of electronic cigarettes for at least 8 weeks. They will be provided with an specific type of electronic cigarette and the same dosage of inhaled nicotine.
The invention discloses a bulbus lilii footbath tablet for clearing heart and tranquilizing and a preparation method of the footbath tablet. The footbath tablet is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: bulbus lilii, panax pseudo-ginseng Wsll. Var, radix asparagi, radix angelicae sinensis, radix ophiopogonis, radix polygonati officinalis, folium ilicis cornutae, fruit of Chinese wolfberry, sodium carbonate, fumaric acid and citric acid. The preparation method comprises the following processes: finely selecting, decocting, purifying, spraying and preparing powder, mixing and drying, tabletting and packaging so as to obtain a finished product. The footbath tablet disclosed by the invention is easy for preservation, beneficial for human bodies, good in health effect and convenient in cleaning, and the footbath tablet is capable of nourishing without drying up and is capable of achieving the full use of resources. The footbath tablet disclosed by the invention, by soaking feet with traditional Chinese medicines, can achieve effects of clearing heart and tranquilizing and can enhance the absorption capacity of a human body; and on the basis of the various functions of skin such as resisting evil, secreting, absorbing, permeating, excreting, feeling and the like, the footbath tablet can nourish the human body and enhance the effects of clearing heart and tranquilizing, so that human body constitution is strengthened.
Cirrhosis is the 14th most widespread cause of mortality worldwide \[1\], cirrhosis can take one of the following forms: compensated and decompensated phases \[2\]. The latter is related to subsequent complications such as ascites, hepatic encephalopathy (HE), gastrointestinal hemorrhage (GIH), jaundice, or spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) \[2\]. Decompensated cirrhosis is a common cause of frequent hospital admission and high fatality rate \[3\]. Patients with cirrhosis and decompensation have bacterial translocations (BT) and immune deterioration \[4\]. Therefore, they are susceptible to getting infections and septic shock \[5\]. On the other hand, the infection can worsen the course of cirrhosis and hasten the progression of related morbidities with a subsequent increase in death rate owing to its ability to accelerate organ failure \[6\]. For cirrhotic patients, the occurrence of NIs is an essential standpoint \[7\]. Several studies on cirrhotic patients revealed that the incidence of NIs is much higher in patients with cirrhosis and thus worsens the prognosis \[8,9\]. Recent studies showed that around 30 to 50% of bacterial infections (BIs) in patients with decompensated cirrhosis are NIs which is related to a higher risk of acute-chronic liver failure (ACLF), severe sepsis, and mortality \[10-12\].

Nevertheless, current studies have not clarified how decompensation differentially predisposes to the occurrence of NIs and affects the outcomes. Henceforth, this study aimed to assess the incidence of NIs in cirrhosis with differential decompensation consequences, the bond between the type of decompensation at admission and the progress of NIs, and the synergism between decompensation and subsequent NIs on the outcome.
Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) remain a leading cause of death among children after the first year of life despite substantial improvements in passenger safety. Deaths and severe injuries from MVCs can be reduced significantly through the consistent use of size-appropriate child passenger restraints. Still, 10% of children ride completely unrestrained and roughly one-quarter do not use the recommended restraint for their size. New approaches are needed to motivate behavior change among parents who do not consistently use size-appropriate passenger restraints for their children from birth through age 10. Emergency department (ED) visits represent unique opportunities to reach vulnerable children and their parents who have difficulty accessing the primary care settings where childhood injury prevention information is commonly provided. Motivational interviewing (MI) in the ED has been used to encourage a variety of health behaviors among at-risk patients. However, MI has not been previously evaluated for child passenger safety promotion programs. This study will involve an ED-based intervention utilizing MI techniques and patient-centered (e.g., tailored) print materials to promote the correct and consistent use of size-appropriate child passenger restraints. This study is designed as a randomized pilot trial of the intervention utilizing a 2x2 factorial design to examine the independent and additive effects of ED-based MI and tailored print materials on the consistent use of size-appropriate child passenger restraints. Aim 1) To assess the feasibility and acceptability of the ED-based intervention among parents of children from birth through age 10; Aim 2) To determine the impact of the intervention on child passenger restraint attitudes and practices at 6-month follow-up in comparison to baseline assessments.
Disclosed are compositions and methods comprising combinations of anti-CD74 antibodies with a therapeutic agent that is attached to the anti-CD74 antibody or separately administered. Preferably, the therapeutic agent is an antibody that binds to an antigen different from CD74, such as CD19, CD20, CD21, CD22, CD23, CD37, CD40, CD40L, CD52, CD80, IL-6, CXCR4 or HLA-DR. However, the therapeutic agent may be an immunomodulator, a cytokine, a toxin or other known therapeutic agent. Preferably, the anti-CD74 antibody is part of a DNL complex. More preferably, combination therapy with the anti-CD74 antibody and therapeutic agent is more effective than antibody alone, therapeutic agent alone, or the combination of unconjugated anti-CD74 antibody and therapeutic agent. Administration of combination induces apoptosis of target cells in diseases in which CD74 is overexpressed, such as solid tumors, B-cell lymphomas or leukemias, autoimmune disease, immune dysfunction disease or diabetes.
An extract is derived from Pueraria candollei var. mirifica A Shaw. & Suvat. for topical and internal use in treating a subject. The extract is obtained by a sequential extraction process using a sequence of different solvents or mixtures of solvents in varying ratios and thereafter combining the liquid extracts. The liquid extract is then evaporated to dryness to obtain the extract. The extract is used in a topical composition that when applied to the skin reduces wrinkles without eye irritation.