anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder who commit violent crimes appear to have some distinguishing characteristics. The current view is that crime committed in the course of a psychiatric illness, particularly schizophrenia, is treatable and preventable. Nonetheless, treatment options for this patient group are sparse. The evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of such treatments is practically nonexistent. In practice therapeutic options are limited to medication and even here there is only one antipsychotic (clozapine) which has The current view is that crime committed during a psychiatric illness, particularly schizophrenia, is treatable and preventable. Nonetheless, treatment options for this patient group are sparse. The evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of such treatments is practically nonexistent. In practice, therapeutic options are limited to medication; even here, almost no controlled clinical trials are investigating this issue.

In clinical practice, selecting specific psychopharmacological treatments for patients with schizophrenia showing violent or aggressive behavior is particularly demanding. The lack of evidence regarding treatments for this particular group is partly attributable to their dual vulnerability and the consequent restrictions on clinical and experimental trials. Paradoxically, the efforts to ensure the safety and rights of these patients put them at a disadvantage, as they have no access to evidence-based treatment for their condition. Therefore, at best, they experience limited or slow improvement in their condition or, at worst, receive potentially ineffective or deleterious treatment.

To address the lack of evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of antipsychotic treatment options for this particular population, the investigators have designed a prospective observational study with evaluation in a mirror image design. This reduces confounders at the level of a randomized controlled trial, allowing for robust statistical analysis.
Brain hypoperfusion is associated with cognitive impairment. Higher cerebrovascular impedance modulus (Z) may contribute to brain hypoperfusion. We tested hypotheses that patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) (i.e., those who have a high risk of developing Alzheimer's disease) have higher Z than age-matched cognitively normal individuals, and that high Z is correlated with brain hypoperfusion. Fifty-eight patients with aMCI (67 ± 7 yr) and 25 cognitively normal subjects (CN, 65 ± 6 yr) underwent simultaneous measurements of carotid artery pressure (CAP, via applanation tonometry) and middle cerebral arterial blood velocity (CBV, via transcranial Doppler). Z was quantified using cross-spectral and transfer function analyses between dynamic changes in CBV and CAP. Patients with aMCI exhibited higher Z than NC (1.18 ± 0.34 vs. 1.01 ± 0.35 mmHg/cm/s, P = 0.044) in the frequency range from 0.78 to 4.29 Hz. The averaged Z in the frequency range (0.78-3.13 Hz) of high coherence (>0.9) was inversely correlated with total cerebral blood flow measured with 2-D Doppler ultrasonography normalized by the brain tissue mass (via structural MRI) across both patients with aMCI and NC (r = -0.311, P = 0.007), and in patients with aMCI alone (r = -0.306, P = 0.007). Our findings suggest that patients with aMCI have higher cerebrovascular impedance than cognitively normal older adults and that increased cerebrovascular impedance is associated with brain hypoperfusion.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to compare cerebrovascular impedance between patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and age-matched cognitively normal individuals. Patients with aMCI had higher cerebrovascular impedance modulus than age-matched cognitively normal individuals, which was correlated with brain hypoperfusion. These results suggest the presence of cerebrovascular dysfunction in the dynamic regulation of cerebral blood flow in older adults who have high risks of Alzheimer's disease.
When the participants comes to the preoperative unit before the operation, vital signs, temperature comfort perception scale and shivering level, temperature and humidity measurements of the room are measured by the investigator and Personal Information Form ,Vital Signs Follow-up Form, Temperature Comfort Perception Scale. The form was recorded in the Shivering Level Diagnosis Form . Before anesthesia was given, heating was performed with a wool blanket, which is a passive heating method, for 20 minutes. The participants, whose surgery was completed, was taken to the postoperative recovery unit, where the vital signs, tremor level, temperature and humidity of the room were measured by the investigator and the Personal Information Form Vital Signs Follow-up Form , Shivering Level Diagnosis Form was recorded. One participant was followed every 15 minutes until the body temperature reached 36 0C.
The placement of a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is a common neurosurgical, pediatric procedure with various, well-documented complications occurring both in the immediate postoperative course of the procedure and at later stages. Pediatric patients need frequent revision surgeries due to body growth as well as implant failure over the course of the years. We report a rare case of a 12-year-old patient, presenting with torticollis, 11 years after the initial placement of a VP shunt. The peripheral tube had to be surgically removed due to the severe movement limitation of the cervical spine area and the tilting of the head. This is the fourth case known to be reported with this rare complication. The calcification of the tube and the formation of a rigid scar tissue along the shunt tube, combined with the body growth, are the suspected mechanisms of this mechanical malfunction of the VP-shunt. The complication could be efficiently addressed through the surgical replacement of the peripheral tube and the transection of the scar tissue in the neck area.
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) stands as a pressing health challenge, with mesangial cell fibrosis identified as a pivotal hallmark leading to glomerular sclerosis. Gaining a deeper grasp on the molecular dynamics behind this can potentially introduce groundbreaking therapeutic avenues. Recent revelations from studies on ROCK1-deficient mice, which displayed resilience against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced glomerulosclerosis and mitochondrial fragmentation, spurred our hypothesis regarding ROCK1's potential role in mesangial cell fibrosis. Subsequent rigorous experiments corroborated our theory, highlighting the critical role of ROCK1 in orchestrating mesangial cell proliferation and fibrosis, especially in high-glucose settings. Mechanistically, ROCK1 inhibition led to a notable hindrance in the high-glucose-triggered MAPK signaling pathway, particularly emphasizing the ROCK1/ERK/P38 axis. To translate this understanding into potential therapeutic interventions, we embarked on a comprehensive drug screening journey. Leveraging molecular modeling techniques, Myricetin surfaced as an efficacious inhibitor of ROCK1. Dose-dependent in vitro assays substantiated Myricetin's prowess in curtailing mesangial cell proliferation and fibrosis via ROCK1/ERK/P38 pathway. In vivo verifications paralleled these findings, with Myricetin treatment resulting in significant renal function enhancements and diminished DKD pathological markers, all pivoted around the ROCK1/ERK/P38 nexus. These findings not only deepen our comprehension of DKD molecular underpinnings but also elevate ROCK1 to the pedestal of a promising therapeutic beacon. Concurrently, Myricetin is spotlighted as a potent natural contender, heralding a new era in DKD therapeutic design.
The gold standard after transtibial amputation is casting of the residual limb to limit room for post-surgical edema, enable faster wound healing and shorter hospital stays, as well as, reduce time to prosthetic fitting. Casting also reduces the risk of impact damage to the limb. Casting, however, is costly and impractical due to the requirement of a prosthetist available on call for after emergency amputation surgeries and a need for multiple repeat prosthetist visits to cut off and reapply casting after wound healing checks. Thus current practice involves use of a compression elastic tube bandage (like a tensor bandage) applied within 15 minutes after surgery. However this bandage applies pressure to the residual limb, which can increase risk of reduced blood supply to the healing limb especially in vascular compromised patients. Further, this soft bandage does not offer any protection to the residual limb, a fall or severe contusion could lead to a requirement for costly revision surgery. There is evidence that rigid removable dressings can improve wound healing times, protect the limb, prevent contractures and enable earlier prosthetic fitting. This study aims to examine the the differences in wound healing time, changes in limb edema, knee range of motion, limb protection post falls, device application time, time to prosthetic fitting and cost between currently used postoperative soft dressing (SD) and vacuum removable rigid dressing (VRRD) after transtibial amputation.
PURPOSE:The titled pharmaceutical preparation for oral administration comprising an extract of a crude drug as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:A crude drug (Sappan Lignum, Polygoni Multiflori Radix, or Polygoni Capsidati Rhizoma) is cut into thin pieces, soaked in a polar or nonpolar organic solvent, an active ingredient is extracted, filtered, concentrated (filter under reduced pressure or ultrafiltration), and, if necessary, the organic solvent is distilled away completely, the prepared substance is evaporated to dryness, or lyophilized, subjected to pharmaceutical manufacturing, to give an antihyperlipemia. Sappan Lignum, one of raw materials, is obtained by drying a central material of Caesalpinia, Sappan L., useful for remedying bruise, menoschesis, menoxenia, abdominalgia, etc. as an antiphlogistic, emmenagogue, and analgesic. Polygoni Multiflori Radix is obtained by drying the bulb of Polygonum multiflorum, and its boiled solution is used as a roborant, tonic, antianemics, etc. Polygoni Capsidati Rhizoma is obtained by drying the root and rhizome of Polygonum cuspidatum, useful as a laxative, diuretic, emmenagogue, antitussive, sedative, etc. EFFECT:Easily obtainable, capable of being easily extracted from inexpensive crude drug of raw material and subjected to pharmaceutical manufacturing, and the production cost is low.
The present invention relates to a thyroid pill which mainly comprises the components of bupleurum root, astragalus root, scorch-fried ovate atractylodes root, trichosanthes root, ledebouriella root, grassleaved sweetflag rhizome, orange peel, prepared rhizoma pinellize without adjuvant, chuanxiong rhizome, rehmannia root, coptis, processed cape, bulbus fritillariae thunbergil, prepared rhizoma cyperi, sandalwood, prepared rhizoma spargnii with vinegar, heavy piper betle, Chinese angelica, forged concha ostrea, cockroach and curcuma longa. The components are crushed and ground into fine powder. After the components are sieved by 120 meshes, refined honey is added, and a standard pill is formed. The thyroid pill has the functions of smoothening and relaxing the circulation of qi of human bodies and rapidly removing the stasis of qi, blood and sputum. The thyroid can treat hyperthyroidism, thyroid goitre, recurred thyroma and peripheral hyperthyroidism, wherein the recovery rate of hyperthyroidism reaches 98%, and the effective rate reaches 100%; the effective rate for treating thyroid goitre reaches 98%, and the recovery rate reaches 97%; the recovery rates of recurred thyroma and peripheral hyperthyroidism respectively reach 99% and 98%. Moreover, the thyroid pill has short course of treatment, and can heal about 95% of patients in about two months.
Subjects will begin desensitization with cooked versions of the allergen (muffins in the case of egg and milk) or transformed versions (Bamba puffs for peanut). They will progress up to a full muffin or 4 Bamba puffs (for egg/milk and peanut respectively). Once subjects have reached these doses, they will transition to doses of pure allergen. They will then progress to the same top dose as subjects in the High Dose Arm.
Participants will undergo two euglycemia (normal blood sugar) clamps (8-10 am and 1-3 pm) on day 1, where the target glucose during the clamp will be 95 mg/dl. For each clamp, participants will be given intravenous insulin for two hours and blood glucose will be maintained at target by the infusion of 20% dextrose, the rate of which will be adjusted based on measured blood glucose values collected every 5 minutes. Potassium phosphate will also be infused during each clamp. On next day (day 2), participants will undergo MRI session during experimental hypoglycemia, i.e., while their blood sugar is clamped from normal value to low value.
Corticosteroids are a highly effective anti-inflammatory therapy in allergic conditions such as asthma and rhinitis. Fluticasone Furoate (FF) is a novel corticosteroid with potent glucocorticoid activity similar to fluticasone propionate and mometasone furoate. Phase II studies have shown FF to be an effective once daily inhaled steroid for asthma and it is being developed as a potential steroid component in a once daily combination with GW642444M, for once-daily administration for the maintenance treatment of asthma and COPD. FF is approved worldwide (including the US, EU and Japan) as an intranasal steroid for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (VERAMYST™ /AVAMYS™ /ALLERMIST™). Previous inter-study comparisons have indicated potentially higher systemic exposure to FF in Japanese subjects compared with treatment groups that recruited predominantly Caucasian subjects. The reasons for these potential differences are unclear. This study is being performed to evaluate and directly compare the PK and systemic PD effects of FF in healthy Caucasian, Japanese, Korean and Chinese subjects when delivered from the novel dry powder inhaler and intravenously. The data obtained will be used to facilitate clinical development of the FF/GW642444 combination in Japanese and other East Asian populations.
INTRODUCTION: Neoadjuvant therapy has become standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer patients. It is correlated with improved clinical and pathological outcomes, including significant tumor downstaging and organ preservation in certain patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which has become the standard for pre-operative staging, is also used for clinical and pre-operative restaging following pre-operative treatment. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the concordance between restaging MRI (following the completion of neoadjuvant therapy) and postoperative pathology result.
METHODS: We conducted a meta-analysis following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Two independent reviewers searched PubMed and Google Scholar for studies reporting restaging MRI results compared to pathological outcomes. Outcomes included tumor and nodal staging, circumferential resection margin (CRM) and pathological complete response (pCR).
RESULTS: Out of 25,000 studies found on the initial search; 33 studies were included. The studies were published between 2005 and 2023 and included 4100 patients (57.14% males). The median age was 62.45 years. The median interval between the conclusion of neoadjuvant treatment and the subsequent restaging MRI was 6 weeks (range 4.14-8.8 weeks). The pooled concordance rates between the restaging MRI and the pathological outcomes for ypT stage and ypN stage were 63.9% (54.5%-73.3%, I2 = 96.02%) and 60.9% (42.9%-78.9%, I2 = 98.96%), respectively. The pooled concordance for predicting pathological complete response was 70.4% (53.6%-87.1%, I2 = 98.21%). As for the circumferential resection margin (CRM), the pooled concordance was 78.2.% (71.6%-84.8%, I2 = 83.76%).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the concordance rates between restaging MRI and pathological outcomes in rectal cancer patients following neoadjuvant therapy are limited. Caregivers should take these results into consideration when making clinical decisions about these patients. More data should be gathered about the predictive value of MRI after total neoadjuvant therapy as well as immunotherapy in rectal cancer patients.
The participants will jump on a mini-trampoline for 30 seconds and then will have a 30 seconds break. This will be repeated 16 times. This resulted in a cumulative total intervention time of 8 minutes.
Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia as a complication of gastric bypass surgery has been reported to occur between 6 months to 8-10 years after gastric bypass surgery. Although reported as a rare complication from surgery, the incidence is likely higher due to the condition being missed in many patients or being misdiagnosed as dumping syndrome. Unlike dumping syndrome which often presents early in the post-operative course and improves with dietary modification, patients with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia have severe postprandial hypoglycemia and sometimes fasting hypoglycemia with symptoms worsening over time despite dietary modification. Calcium stimulation testing often localizes the area of the pancreas where hyperinsulinemia is occurring due to islet cell dysfunction. The pathophysiology of islet cell hypertrophy with Nesidioblastosis is poorly understood. One theory is an increase in glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentration may be responsible for islet cell expansion and subsequent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia.

Unfortunately, hyperinsulinemia hypoglycemia is incapacitating where patients are restricted from driving, are unable to work, and must always have someone present with glucagon due to the acute severe onset of neuroglycopenia. Surgery to resect the area of the pancreas with Nesidioblastosis has a low success rate of about 60% with many patients developing type 1 diabetes as a result of pancreatic resection. Medical treatment options include calcium channel blockers, Diazoxide, and Octreotide yet patients often fail these treatments as well. Pasireotide would likely be a better option than the current medical therapy available. With Pasireotide, the inhibition of insulin release through inhibiting the somatostatin receptors as well as possible GLP-1 inhibition causing hyperglycemia should reduce hypoglycemic episodes in these patients.
Patients in the chemotherapy alone treatment arm who achieved at least stable disease during the Bridging Therapy Period while receiving gemcitabine plus nab paclitaxel will continue treatment with the chemotherapy regimen they received during the Treatment Period. This regimen will be administered in 28-day cycles until the development of disease progression.
Family well-being, which has been conceptualized as "family-life satisfaction", "sense of well-being" and "family function", is associated with outcomes such as hypertension, self-rated health, depression, and self-esteem in family members. Interpersonal harmony in the family is believed to be crucial for the Chinese who see it as contributing not only to each individual member's welfare but also to a well-organized and peaceful world. According to traditional Confucius ideals, family harmony is the basis for an individual's happiness. The investigators qualitative studies in Hong Kong have also found that family health, happiness and harmony (3Hs) are three major themes of family well-being. Family health includes physical and mental health of family members, which is strongly related to psychological capital and family unity. Family happiness can be enhanced by spending time with family members and building connection with friends and relatives. Family harmony means absence of conflicts and effective communication with family members. Forbearance and spending time with family are important in forming a harmonious family.

Learning Families Project was initiated based on the social ecological model. Social ecological model is a framework to examine the dynamic interrelations among various personal and environmental factors. This model emphasizes people's behaviors are affected by factors of different levels including intra-personal, inter-personal, community and societal factors. These programs promoted the concepts of Learning Family and family 3Hs to the participants (intra-personal level). The concepts of Learning Family indicated that family relationship could be improved when family members learnt something together. These programs also provided a platform for family members to learn together and communicate with each other (inter-personal level), as well as for residents to interact in these community activities (community level).
Diarrhea of college students (DCS) is a prevalent issue among college students, affecting their daily lives and academic performance. This study aims to explore the potential effect of Bifidobacterium breve BB05 supplements on the DCS. Initially, fifty healthy and fifty diarrheal students were recruited in the observational experiment and allocated into control and diarrhea groups, respectively. Subsequently, one hundred diarrheal students were newly recruited in the intervention experiment and randomly allocated into placebo and probiotic groups, both treated for 2 weeks. Questionnaires (BSS, HAMA-14, and HDRS-17) were performed to assess the students' diarrheal states and mental health at baseline and post-treatment. Fecal samples underwent 16S rRNA sequencing and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to evaluate gut microbiota and fecal metabolite alternations. Results indicated that B. breve BB05 supplementation significantly enriched (p < 0.05) the reduced gut microbial diversity caused by diarrhea. Diarrhea resulted in notable alterations in gut microbiota composition, as exhibited by elevated Collinsella and Streptococcus, alongside substantially decreased Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, and Prevotella, while B. breve BB05 supplementation partially restored the compromised gut microbiota at both the phylum and genus levels, particularly by increasing Bifidobacterium and Roseburia (p < 0.05). Importantly, questionnaire results suggested that B. breve BB05 administration achieved superior efficacy in relieving diarrhea symptoms and the associated anxiety and depression in college students. An increased fecal concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was also observed in the probiotic group, while Acetylcholine (ACH), Epinephrine (EPI), and Noradrenaline/Norepinephrine (NANE) reduced, revealing the potential of B. breve BB05 in alleviating anxiety and depression via modulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Furthermore, correlation analysis suggested that the altered microbiota and fecal neurotransmitters were closely associated with the mental symptoms. These results endorse B. breve BB05 intervention as a promising and innovative approach to alleviate both diarrhea and mental health conditions among college students.