anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating piglet diarrhea and belongs to the field of veterinary medicine preparation. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following Chinese herbal components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of Chinese pulsatilla root, 1-3 parts of dangshen, 1-3 parts of red peony root, 1-3 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 1-3 parts of dried ginger, 1-3 parts of dried orange peel, 1-3 parts of golden cypress and 1-3 parts of liquorice root. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from pure Chinese herbal medicinal materials which are wide in source and low in cost; the traditional Chinese medicine composition is free from residue and toxic and side effects; especially, the Chinese herbal medicinal materials are extracted by virtue of decocting in water, and therefore, the traditional Chinese medicine process is kept and the traditional Chinese medicine can be absorbed more easily. The traditional Chinese medicine composition has remarkable effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, eliminating dampness and stopping dysentery, warmly invigorating stomach and intestine and regulating the functions of the organism, and is capable of effectively treating various types of diarrhea and shortening the recovery phase. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is convenient to use. Clinical tests prove that the cure rate of the traditional Chinese medicine composition is not less than 85% and a unique curative effect can be achieved.
Depression is a serious illness that can interfere with a person's ability to work, study, sleep, eat, and enjoy activities that once were pleasurable. It is characterized by several symptoms, such as the following: persistent sad, anxious, or "empty" mood; feelings of hopelessness or pessimism; and feelings of guilt, worthlessness, or helplessness. If left untreated, depression symptoms can last for years, and may worsen as time goes on. Even with treatment, however, it is possible for depression to recur. Remission is a main goal in the treatment of depression and it may be accomplished through various strategies. This study will evaluate the effectiveness of five combinations of treatments, including medication therapy and psychotherapy, in maintaining remission of depression symptoms.

All participants in this study will first be treated with imipramine for 7 to 11 months. Once remission of depression symptoms has been achieved and maintained for 20 weeks, participants will be randomly assigned to one of the following five maintenance treatments for 36 months: psychotherapy plus imipramine; psychotherapy plus placebo; psychotherapy alone; medication clinic treatment plus imipramine; or medication clinic treatment plus placebo. Assessments will be made at Weeks 12 and 20 and Months 7, 11, and 36, and will include the time it takes for depression symptoms to recur, as well as scores on depression and mania severity scales.
GENOTROPIN lyophilized powder was compared with placebo in six randomized clinical trials involving a total of 172 adult GHD patients. These trials included a 6-month double-blind treatment period, during which 85 patients received GENOTROPIN and 87 patients received placebo, followed by an open-label treatment period in which participating patients received GENOTROPIN for up to a total of 24 months. GENOTROPIN was administered as a daily SC injection at a dose of 0.04 mg/kg/week for the first month of treatment and 0.08 mg/kg/week for subsequent months.

Beneficial changes in body composition were observed at the end of the 6-month treatment period for the patients receiving GENOTROPIN as compared with the placebo patients. Lean body mass, total body water, and lean/fat ratio increased while total body fat mass and waist circumference decreased. These effects on body composition were maintained when treatment was continued beyond 6 months. Bone mineral density declined after 6 months of treatment but returned to baseline values after 12 months of treatment.
Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic inflammatory disease with an insidious course and is detrimental weight to women's quality of life, sexual function, and general health. IC/BPS affects nearly 1.2 million women in the United States and although there are currently six lines of treatment, they lack high level evidence and sufficient efficacy. New therapies are in high demand. As the cannabis industry gains popularity in medicine, research has revealed prevalent expression of cannabinoid receptors in bladder detrusor muscle and urothelium suggesting a novel drug target for IC/BPS. This study seeks to exploit this target by conducting a double-masked, placebo-controlled randomized trial evaluating the effects of vaginal hemp cannabidiol (CBD) suppositories on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), pain severity, and sexual function. Women with diagnosed IC/BPS will be randomized to treatment with a placebo vaginal suppository or a hemp CBD vaginal suppository. We will monitor changes in their LUTS, pain, and sexual function using validated questionnaires. Our goal is to evaluate whether CBD is an effective, low-risk and less invasive treatment option for IC/BPS. Attainment of this goal would demonstrate a potential novel use for CBD in our Urogynecology patient population.
INTRODUCTION: Carbapenems and piperacillin/tazobactam (PIPC/TAZ) are commonly used as the initial therapy to treat extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales in acute cholangitis. However, the overuse of these antibiotics contributes to the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Cefmetazole (CMZ) is stable to hydrolysis by ESBLs, so it may be an alternative to carbapenems and PIPC/TAZ. However, the effectiveness of CMZ compared with that of carbapenems and PIPC/TAZ as the initial therapy for acute cholangitis is unknown.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at a university hospital between April 1, 2014, and December 31, 2022. Patients with bacteremic acute cholangitis who received CMZ, carbapenems, or PIPC/TAZ as the initial therapy were included. The patients were divided into a CMZ group and a carbapenems or PIPC/TAZ (CP) group to compare patient outcomes.
RESULTS: A total of 99 patients (54 in the CMZ group and 45 in the CP group) were analyzed. The baseline characteristics of the patients were similar and 30-day mortality did not differ between groups (4% vs. 7%, P = 0.66). However, the CMZ group had a shorter length of stay (LOS) (8 days vs. 15 days, P < 0.001) and lower mean antibiotic cost (98.92 USD vs. 269.49 USD, P < 0.001) than the CP group.
CONCLUSIONS: In bacteremic acute cholangitis, initial therapy with CMZ may contribute to a shorter LOS and lower antibiotic costs than treatment with carbapenems and PIPC/TAZ, without worsening patient outcomes.
Fractures of the distal radius, the most common fracture to occur in adults, are increasing in incidence and cost due to ageing of the population and the link with senile osteoporosis. Young adults also suffer these injuries albeit involving higher-energy mechanisms. Closed reduction and casting is often unsuccessful in maintaining adequate alignment and length, both of which are crucial to a successful outcome. Thus, there has been a trend toward surgical treatment of these fractures. In fractures with preserved joint congruity, 3 fixation options exist: percutaneous pinning (Kapandji technique), non-spanning external fixation, and locked-plates. Locked-plates represent a significant advance in the fixation of fractures, especially in osteopenic bone, although their role in distal radius fractures has yet to be defined adequately. The Cochrane Group undertook a meta-analysis of RC trials "to determine when, and if so what type of, surgical intervention is the most appropriate treatment for fractures of the distal radius in adults." The authors concluded: "there is a need for good quality evidence for the surgical management of these fractures." The aim of this randomized clinical trial is to compare the functional, clinical, and radiographic outcomes of these 3 methods. The results will clearly guide surgeons in the choice of optimal technique.

This multicenter prospective randomized trial will involve the Canadian Orthopaedic Trauma Society (COTS), an association of trauma surgeons involved in collaborative outcomes research with a proven track record of research and publication. Patients with a displaced distal radius fracture with joint congruity who meet all eligibility criteria and provide consent to participate will be randomly assigned to reduction and fixation with one of three methods: volar locked-plate, percutaneous pinning and cast (Kapandji intra-focal technique), or non-spanning external fixation. Patients will undergo physiotherapy according to protocols adapted to fixation technique. Evaluation at fixed intervals will include functional, clinical, and radiological parameters. Functional evaluation will include the PRWE, DASH, and SMFA questionnaires. Clinical outcome will evaluate range of motion, pinch and grip strength, and dexterity. Standard radiographic parameters will be measured. The primary outcome measure will be functional outcome as measured with the PRWE. Appropriate statistical analyses will be performed on the data. Sample size calculation reveals the need for 108 patients per treatment arm. A census of the centers committed to the study predicts a 12-18 month recruitment period. Patient follow-up will end at 2 years.
A quarter of all ischaemic strokes (about 35000 per annum in the UK) are lacunar (small vessel) in type, mainly caused by an intrinsic, non-atheromatous, non-cardioembolic disease of the small deep perforating cerebral arterioles. More diffuse cerebral small vessel disease also causes up to 45% of dementias (350,000+ patients estimated currently in the UK), either alone or in association with Alzheimer's disease. There is no proven treatment for cerebral small vessel disease: conventional antiplatelet drugs may be ineffective or even hazardous, whilst antihypertensive treatment and statins may not have an effect. The disease mechanism is poorly understood but endothelial dysfunction, blood-brain barrier failure and vessel stiffness appear to contribute to the pathogenesis. Promising data available for licensed drugs with relevant modes of action, cilostazol (\>6000 stroke patients in the Asia Pacific Region) and isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN, widely used in cardiac disease) support their testing in cerebral small vessel disease. This trial will be an Phase IIb preparatory to Phase III, randomised, partial factorial, open label, blinded end-point trial, testing cilostazol, ISMN, both, or neither, to assess the feasibility of recruitment, drug tolerability, trial procedures, safety and event rates in 400 patients recruited in UK stroke centres and followed-up to one year (primary endpoint). This trial is preparatory to a large, definitive, Phase III randomised controlled trial to prevent recurrent lacunar stroke and progressive small vessel disease-related physical and cognitive impairments after lacunar stroke.
Mexiletine hydrochloride USP is an orally active antiarrhythmic agent. It is a white to off-white crystalline powder with slightly bitter taste, freely soluble in water and in alcohol. Mexiletine hydrochloride USP has a pKa of 9.2. The chemical name of mexiletine hydrochloride USP is 1- methyl-2-(2,6-xylyloxy)ethylamine hydrochloride and its structural formula is:

C11H17NO•HCl M.W. 215.72

Each capsule for oral administration, contains 150 mg, 200 mg, or 250 mg of mexiletine hydrochloride USP. One hundred milligrams (100 mg) of mexiletine hydrochloride USP is equivalent to 83.31 mg of mexiletine base. In addition, each capsule contains the following excipients: colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose and modified corn starch. The capsule shell contains: gelatin and titanium dioxide. The imprinting inks contain: ammonium hydroxide, propylene glycol and shellac. The 150 mg imprinting ink also contains black iron oxide and potassium hydroxide. The 200 mg imprinting ink also contains FD&C Blue #1. The 250 mg imprint ink also contains FD&C Red #3 and potassium hydroxide.
Disclosed are a device, a computer-readable medium, and techniques that provide an onboarding process and an adaptivity process for a drug delivery device. A processor executing an onboarding process determines whether a history of delivered insulin to a user meets certain sufficiency requirements. The onboarding process enables a processor to cause the drug delivery device to administer doses of insulin to a user according to an initial total daily insulin dose calculation that is determined based on the sufficiency of the insulin delivery history. The initial total daily insulin may be adapted according to the adaptivity process as new insulin delivery is collected. The insulin delivery history, when sufficient, may be used to set total daily insulin dosages that enable automated insulin delivery upon replacement of a drug delivery device. The adaptivity process may be implemented to modify an initial insulin delivery doses to provide adapted insulin delivery doses.
Subjects will be genotyped prospectively for CYP2C19\*2, \*3 and \*17 alleles and will receive treatment based on their genotype. In this group, patients who have the CYP2C19 reduced function allele \[i.e., \*2 allele (heterozygous or homozygous) or \*3 allele (heterozygous or homozygous)\] patients will receive ticagrelor 90 mg bid. The WT YP2C19 patients will receive clopidogrel 75 mg once daily.
Age-similar controls will undergo diagnostic bronchoscopy for clinical indications in the absence of known asthma, including recurrent pneumonia, congenital lung anomalies, prolonged cough, suspected laryngeal abnormalities, and suspected aspiration syndromes. Inclusion in the final set to be determined post-procedure based on BAL granulocyte profiles. To be included as a control, participants must have pauci-granular BAL counts (less than 2 percent eosinophils and less than 4 percent PMN), no positive allergen sensitization, and no positive viral or bacterial studies from analysis of BAL fluid.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a medicinal agent useful as an interleukin-6 production inhibitor, bone resorption inhibitor or antiosteoporotic agent, containing a thiazole compound having a specific structure as active ingredient. SOLUTION: This medicinal agent contains, as active ingredient, a thiazole compound of the formula (R<1> is H, a (substituted) amino, etc.; R<2> is a (substituted) aryl; R<3> is H, a halogen, etc.) or a pharmaceutically permissible salt thereof, e.g. 2-amino-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methylthiazole. The compound of the formula is obtained, for example, by the following process: bromine is dripped into a 4'-chloropropiophenone's dichloromethane solution to carry out a reaction; after the reaction, the solvent is distilled off the reaction mixture, and ethanol is added to the resultant residuals into a solution, an aqueous thiourea solution is then added to the above solution followed by agitation, and the mixed solution is adjusted to pH7 and the reaction product is purified by silica gel column chromatography.
Patients in this arm will be treated with liver resection and/or ablation at Oslo University Hospital followed by adjuvant 2nd line chemotherapy. Type of chemotherapy is determined by treating oncologist.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is progressive and currently incurable and refers to a collection of diseases that lead to the key feature of irreversible airflow limitation and breathing related problems. Of those with COPD, 46% experienced at least one exacerbation within the previous year and 19% needed hospitalization. The financial burden of COPD is also evident, in that over $32 billion was spent for COPD care in the United States in 2010 and it is expected to be close to $50 billion in 2020.

Reducing healthcare utilization associated with COPD patient management (i.e. short-term readmission and chronic disease management) is a critically important unmet need for patients, caregivers, and hospitals. Early detection, prevention, and treatment of COPD exacerbation would aim to reduce this high morbidity and cost. To help reduce these exacerbations and improve disease management, sensors in a minimally invasive device can be used to identify factors that are associated with exacerbations.
PURPOSE:An external embrocating agent, e.g. an external anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent, prepared by mixing a gel or solid external embrocating agent containing a mixed solvent of water with a lower alcohol, an oily active constituent and a gelling agent with a polyamide soluble in the mixed solvent, and having improved storage stability. CONSTITUTION:An external embrocating agent of tube or stick form, obtained by mixing a mixed solvent of water with a lower alcohol with an oily active constituent and a gelling agent, particularly D-benzylidenesorbitol, and a polyamide soluble in the mixed solvent, e.g. a copolyamide or methoxymethylated polyamide such as nylon 8 in an amount of 0.1-30wt% based on the total weight, having a high gel strength, improved storage stability and spreadability and good feeling of use, and capable of forming a film on the skin after the application and improving the drug effects and lasting effects. The embrocating agent is useful for an antiperspirant, etc. in addition to the use described above, and the active constituent is selected according to the pourpose of use.
Plasma membrane accumulation of phosphorylated mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) is a hallmark of necroptosis, leading to membrane rupture and inflammatory cell death. Pro-death functions of MLKL are tightly controlled by several checkpoints, including phosphorylation. Endo- and exocytosis limit MLKL membrane accumulation and counteract necroptosis, but the exact mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we identify linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC)-mediated M1 poly-ubiquitination (poly-Ub) as novel checkpoint for necroptosis regulation downstream of activated MLKL in cells of human origin. Loss of LUBAC activity inhibits tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-mediated necroptosis, not by affecting necroptotic signaling, but by preventing membrane accumulation of activated MLKL. Finally, we confirm LUBAC-dependent activation of necroptosis in primary human pancreatic organoids. Our findings identify LUBAC as novel regulator of necroptosis which promotes MLKL membrane accumulation in human cells and pioneer primary human organoids to model necroptosis in near-physiological settings.
Elderly patients (aged 65 years or older) may have increased sensitivity to butorphanol tartrate. In general, use caution when selecting a dosage for an elderly patient, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.

Respiratory depression is the chief risk for elderly patients treated with opioids, and has occurred after large initial doses were administered to patients who were not opioid-tolerant or when opioids were co-administered with other agents that depress respiration. Titrate the dosage of Butorphanol Tartrate Injection slowly in geriatric patients and frequently monitor the patient for signs of central nervous system and respiratory depression [see WARNINGS]. 

This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of adverse reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function.
Consecutive patients with iNPH, which are planed for shunt surgery at the neurological and neurosurgical departments of University Hospital of Linköping, are included. Before operation and 3 months postoperatively, the patient´s gait pattern are analyzed with RehaGait analysis system. The patients also fill in a questionnaire about SOC, QoL and symptoms of depression and anxiety at these assessment sessions. Additionally at the follow up, the patients are grading their overall experienced change and specified changes in gait, balance, continence and neuropsychology with the global Rating of Change Scale (GRC-scale). At baseline and at follow up, the patients also perform the ordinary clinical assessments with measurements covering the domains gait, balance, continence and neuropsychology in the iNPH-scale. A convenience sample of Healthy individuals aged \> 60 years, conduct the same questionnaires: SOC, QoL and symptoms of depression and anxiety and perform the RehaGait analysis system once.
BACKGROUND: Although people with aphasia (PwA) represent 30% of stroke survivors, they are frequently excluded from stroke research, or their inclusion is unclear. Such practice significantly limits the generalizability of stroke research, increases the need to duplicate research in aphasia-specific populations, and raises important ethical and human rights issues.
OBJECTIVE: To detail the extent and nature of inclusion of PwA in contemporary stroke randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
METHODS: We conducted a systematic search to identify completed stroke RCTs and RCT protocols published in 2019. Web of Science was searched using terms "stroke" and "randomized controlled trial". These articles were reviewed by extracting rates of PwA inclusion/exclusion, whether "aphasia" or related terms were referred to in the article or supplemental files, eligibility criteria, consent procedures, adaptations made to support the inclusion of PwA, and attrition rates of PwA. Data were summarized, and descriptive statistics applied when appropriate.
RESULTS: 271 studies comprising 215 completed RCTs and 56 protocols were included. 36.2% of included studies referred to aphasia/dysphasia. Of completed RCTs, only 6.5% explicitly included PwA, 4.7% explicitly excluded PwA, and inclusion was unclear in the remaining 88.8%. Among RCT protocols, 28.6% of studies intended inclusion, 10.7% intended excluding PwA, and in 60.7%, inclusion was unclear. In 45.8% of included studies, sub-groups of PwA were excluded, either explicitly (ie, particular types/severities of aphasia, eg, global aphasia) or implicitly, by way of ambiguous eligibility criteria which could potentially relate to a sub-group of PwA. Little rationale for exclusion was provided. 71.2% of completed RCTs did not report any adaptations that could support the inclusion of PwA, and minimal information was provided about consent procedures. Where it could be determined, attrition of PwA averaged 10% (range 0%-20%).
CONCLUSION: This paper details the extent of inclusion of PwA in stroke research and highlights opportunities for improvement.
Patients assigned to the intervention group will receive individualized reports regarding patients' HCV disease progress/liver fibrosis staging by a Fibrosis-4 score using the personalized HCV educational app. The individualized report will also include comprehensive knowledge to fill the gap on general HCV information, natural history of the disease, and care and treatment, if there is any, as well as level of interest in receiving HCV care based on patients' response to the short survey questionnaires on the tablet. Patients will also receive the investigators' HCV program pamphlet regarding HCV infection and disease progression, treatment, as well as information regarding clinics available for HCV care in Baltimore. Patients will receive standard of care, routine HCV LTC services from the investigators' ED HCV LTC program staff.