anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Hepatic fibrosis (HF) runs through multiple stages of liver diseases and promotes these diseases progression. Oxysophoridine (OSR), derived from Sophora alopecuroides l., is a bioactive alkaloid that has been reported to antagonize alcoholic hepatic injury. However, whether OSR suppresses HF and the mechanisms involved in Nrf2 remain unknown.
PURPOSE: Since the dysregulation of inflammation and oxidative stress is responsible for the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and fibrosis in the liver. We hypothesized that OSR may attenuate HF by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress through activating Nrf2 signaling.
METHODS: In this study, we employed LPS-stimulated HSC-T6 cells, RAW264.7 cells, and a CCl4-induced C57BL/6 mouse fibrotic model to evaluate its suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as fibrosis.
RESULTS: The result showed that OSR significantly reduced α-SMA and TGF-β1 at a low dose of 10 μM in vitro and at a dose of 50 mg/kg in vivo, which is comparable to Silymarin, the only Chinese herbal active ingredient that has been marketed for anti-liver fibrosis. Moreover, OSR effectively suppressed the expression of iNOS at a dose of 10 μM and COX-2 at a dose of 40 μM, respectively. Furthermore, OSR demonstrated inhibitory effects on the IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in vitro and almost extinguished cytokine storm in vivo. OSR exhibited antioxidative effects by reducing MDA and increasing GSH, thereby protecting the cell membrane against oxidative damage and reducing LDH release. Moreover, OSR effectively upregulated the protein levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and p62, but decreased p-NF-κB p65, p-IκBα, and Keap1. Alternatively, mechanisms involved in Nrf2 were verified by siNrf2 interference, siNrf2 interference revealed that the anti-fibrotic effect of OSR was attributed to its activation of Nrf2.
CONCLUSION: The present study provided an effective candidate for HF involved in both activation of Nrf2 and blockage of NF-κB, which has not been reported in the published work. The present study provides new insights for the identification of novel drug development for HF.
PURPOSE: To obtain an active oxygen scavenger containing an extract of a specific crude drug, exhibiting excellent characteristics comprising at least one of the singlet oxygen scavenging potency, the hydroxy radical scavenging potency and the hydrogen peroxide scavenging potency and giving a skin preparation for external use having excellent preventing effect on the aging of skin and beautifying the skin by using the agent as a component. CONSTITUTION: This active oxygen scavenger contains one or more substances selected from SANPENZU (whole grass of Cassia nomame(Sieb)Honda), GOKAHI (bark of Periplosa sepium), JIKOPPI (root of Lycium barbarum L.), SHOUGUNBOKUHI (leaf of Mallotus japonicus(Thumb)Muell. Arg., SOUBOKUHI (bark of Aralia elate(Mig.) Seem) INCHInKOU (whole grass of Artemisia capillaris), YASHAJITSU (fruits of Alnus siebold boldiana Matsum. and Alnus firma sieb. el Zucc.), KAIKA (flower of Sophora japonica), YAKOUTOU (stem and root of Polygonummultiflorum thumb.), KAITOUHI (bark of Erythrina variegata L. var. orientalis), KETSUMEISHI (seed of Cassia tora), BOUI (root of Menispermum dauricum DC.), SENSOU (root of Rubic argyi(Lev. et Vant.) Hara et Lauener), KUMAYANAGI (whole grass of Berchemia race mosa Sief.  et Zucc.), HIKAI (root of Dioscoree tokoro Makino), SEKISHOBU (rhizome of Acorus gramineus), OUSEI (rhizome of Polygonatum sibiricum), KIN-OUSHI (fruit of Rosa laevigata Michx), AND ICHIIYOU (leaf of Taxus cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc.). The skin preparation for external use is prepared by using the scavenger as a component.
Patients receive gemcitabine, gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel, gemcitabine and cisplatin, or FOLFIRINOX for 6 months in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients may then undergo radiation therapy at the discretion of medical doctors.
Methods of reversing the flow of water across a semi-permeable membrane such as the membrane in the digestive tract are disclosed. The method involves adding a material comprising a polyhydroxy compound to a first side of the membrane to reverse the flow of water across the membrane. Compositions for use in such methods are also disclosed. The polyhydroxy compounds are preferably oligosaccharide or polysaccharide compounds. The compositions may be used for treating constipation by increasing the water content in the digestive tract (i.e. they act as osmotic laxatives). The compositions may also be used as antibacterial agents to treat infection, to induce aggregation of water vapour (e.g. for the induction of precipitation from the atmosphere), in water absotent materials such as paper towels, in deodorants, and in the treatment of malignant cells in cancer.
The Christchurch Health and Development Study (CHDS) is a birth cohort study comprising 1265 people born in Christchurch in 1977. Participants have been followed to age 40, with 75-80% retention at data collection points.
Patients randomised on to the Treatment arm will swallow 10 capsules once at the second study visit approximately 2 weeks before the stem cell transplantation. Each capsule will contain 1x10\^6 - 1x10\^9 colony forming units (CFU)/g of viable microorganisms and will have the same appearance, weight and packaging weight to the placebo capsules in the treatment arm to maintain treatment blinding.
To preliminarily explore the correlation between different types and degrees of refractive errors and strabismus, amblyopia, and stereopsis. A retrospective collection was conducted on a total of 145 patients with anisometropia who visited our hospital for strabismus and pediatric ophthalmology from January 2023 to August 2023.Based on the nature of anisometropia in both eyes, it was divided into 4 groups: Farsighted anisometropia (36 cases); myopic anisometropia (38 cases); astigmatic anisometropia (35 cases); mixed anisometropia (36 cases), and 30 children with normal vision were collected. Both groups of subjects underwent routine slit lamp and fundus examinations to exclude other organic eye diseases. The test indexes were: visual acuity, diopter, strabismus, far-stereoscopic vision, near-stereoscopic Titmus, and random static zero-order stereoscopic vision. The results of this study showed that compared with the normal control group, the incidence of strabismus was higher in the anisometropia group. When the refractive error was ≥1.00D, the far stereopsis and random dot static 0-order stereopsis in the anisometropia group decreased more significantly, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (P < .05). Far-sighted and mixed astigmatism were more prone to amblyopia than myopia and regular astigmatism (P < .05). However, there was no statistical difference in near stereopsis Titmus between the anisometropia group and the control group (P > .05). Children with anisometropia are more likely to have strabismus, stereopsis and amblyopia than normal children.
Dosing will be on day 1 and then weekly. For the injections, dosing will occur according to product recommendations. Patients will receive 80mg adalimumab (2 pre-filled syringes, each with 40mg) on day 1, and then 40mg on week 1 and then every 2 weeks (from week 1 through week 15).
Banana is an important food security crop for millions of people in the tropics but it faces challenges from diseases and pests. Traditional breeding methods have limitations, prompting the exploration of precision genetic tools like genetic modification and genome editing. Extensive efforts using transgenic approaches have been made to develop improved banana varieties with resistance to banana Xanthomonas wilt, Fusarium wilt, and nematodes. However, these efforts should be extended for other pests, diseases, and abiotic stresses. The commercialization of transgenic crops still faces continuous challenges with regulatory and public acceptance. Genome editing, particularly CRISPR/Cas, offers precise modifications to the banana genome and has been successfully applied in the improvement of banana. Targeting specific genes can contribute to the development of improved banana varieties with enhanced resistance to various biotic and abiotic constraints. This review discusses recent advances in banana improvement achieved through genetic modification and genome editing.
PURPOSE:To obtain a cosmetic having excellent effect to prevent and improve chapped skin, by compounding extract of sponge gourd and a mucopoly saccharide. CONSTITUTION:The objective cosmetic contains 0.05-5wt% mucopolysaccharide (preferably hyaluronic acid, chondroitin-4-sulfate, etc.) and >=1/500pts.(wt) of the extract of sponge gourd (based on 1pt. of the mucopolysaccharide in terms of dried solid). The extract of sponge gourd is preferably the one produced by preparing a water-based dried extract from the whole grass of sponge gourd, extracting with methanol, carrying out the partition of the extract with water- saturated butanol, concentrating the butanol layer, and dissolving the obtained extract in ethanol or hydrated ethanol. The above cosmetic may be compounded further with various conventional cosmetic additives such as polyhydric alcohol, lower alcohol, oil, surfactant, antiseptic preservative, perfume, etc.
Ad hoc navigation in which participant is provided study-based financial navigator to contact as needed. All participants will complete an assessment at baseline, 3 months and 6 months and be invited to participate in an optional interview after the 6-month assessment.
PURPOSE:To manufacture a crystalline metallic oxide showing the same X-ray diffraction pattern as quartz by hydrolyzing a compound of a II group metal in the periodic table, an organosilicon compound, and a titanium compound in a soln. and by calcining the deposited reaction product. CONSTITUTION:One or more kinds of compounds of II group metals in the periodic table capable of bonding to silica such as Mg(OCH3)2, a hydrolyzable organosilicon compound such as alkoxysilane, and a hydrolyzable titanium compound such as a titanium alkoxide compound are dissolved in alcohol or other solvent which dissolves the compounds and does not practically dissolve the reaction product thereof, and the compounds are hydrolyzed. The deposited reaction product is calcined at 950-1,100 deg.C for about 15min-2hr to obtain a crystalline metallic oxide consisting essentially of the oxide of a II group metal in the periodic table, titanium oxide and silica. The specific surface area of the crystalline metallic oxide is <=100m<2>/g, and the oxide has peaks at about 26.7 deg. and 20.9 deg. in its X-ray diffraction pattern.
Liver fibrosis leads to liver cirrhosis and even cancer progressively, which can be prevented by early detection. Liver biopsy reported by pathologists are used as gold standard to diagnose fibrosis. However, it is invasive. A reliable tissue biomarker is desirable for designing a non-invasive diagnosing tool to replace or complement invasive liver biopsy. Presently many studies report that cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) is associated with liver fibrosis, hence it is possible to measure the expression of CB1R for detecting the stages of liver fibrosis. We measure the protein expression of CB1R via detecting its antagonist, AM251, by using biomedical techniques and micro-single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) and also confirm the cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) on the liver fibrogenic cells in vivo. CB1R is a specific target and can be applied in nuclear imaging techniques for liver fibrosis detection. We speculate that this novel technique can be used to complement liver biopsy for diagnosing and predicting liver fibrosis in the future.
Complement activation is involved in idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). We aimed to investigate the relationship of serum complement cleavage factor Bb with IMN progression, and to establish a model for early prediction of kidney outcomes. We measured serum factor Bb in a retrospective cohort of 449 IMN patients at the time of kidney biopsy. Cox regression analysis showed that higher levels of serum factor Bb were independently associated with IMN progression event defined as end-stage renal disease or ≥ 40% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate. Patients in the middle and highest tertiles of serum factor Bb had respectively 2.1-, and 2.6-fold higher risk for disease progression compared with those in the lowest tertile. We developed an optimized prognostic nomogram model incorporating age, log serum anti-PLA2R antibody, log serum Bb, proteinuria and tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis. The model demonstrated good predictive ability with a concordance index of 0.77 (bootstrap-corrected of 0.76) for predicting 3-, and 5-year kidney survival. Calibration curves and decision curve analysis confirmed the model's good calibration and clinical utility. Our findings suggest that serum factor Bb may serve as an essential prognostic indicator of IMN. The novel nomogram model may offer important guidance on the management of this patient population.
To the participants of the control group the internet-based self-help after waiting time of 10 weeks is offered. During the waiting period participants receive access to a tinnitus online discussion forum.
Actinic lentigines (AL) or age spots, are skin hyperpigmented lesions associated with age and chronic sun exposure. To better understand the physiopathology of AL, we have characterized the inflammation response in AL of European and Japanese volunteers. Gene expression profile showed that in both populations, 10% of the modulated genes in AL versus adjacent non lesional skin (NL), i.e. 31 genes, are associated with inflammation/immune process. A pro-inflammatory environment in AL is strongly suggested by the activation of the arachidonic acid cascade and the plasmin pathway leading to prostaglandin production, along with the decrease of anti-inflammatory cytokines and the identification of inflammatory upstream regulators. Furthermore, in line with the over-expression of genes associated with the recruitment and activation of immune cells, immunostaining on skin sections revealed a significant infiltration of CD68+ macrophages and CD4+ T-cells in the dermis of AL. Strikingly, investigation of infiltrated macrophage subsets evidenced a significant increase of pro-inflammatory CD80+/CD68+ M1 macrophages in AL compared to NL. In conclusion, a chronic inflammation, sustained by pro-inflammatory mediators and infiltration of immune cells, particularly pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages, takes place in AL. This pro-inflammatory loop should be thus broken to normalize skin and improve the efficacy of age spot treatment.
The study design with be a double-blind, randomized controlled trial with crossover. Treatment will be blinded to the subjects and investigators. Patients will be randomly assigned 2 weeks of the CBD and then crossover to the other condition (Shea butter only) for 2 additional weeks. Patients will apply the topical cream to the affected body region or joint two times daily for 1 hour. Subjects will be advised to observe for physiologic changes, skin changes, or other adverse effects.
Participants will be assessed for stammering severity either on line via video link or in the Institute of Technology Sligo Health Science \& Exercise Physiology Lab (B2004) at three time points: before intervention, after a five-week trial period and three months post completion. Participants will complete two assessments at each time to cater for "off" days. Participants will be required to practice quick eye movements at the start of words / syllables where dysfluencies are predicted for 10 minutes twice a day for the treatment period. Training in eye movement (saccade) modification will occur following the initial assessment in IT Sligo, or video link.

Participants will be assigned to one of two treatment arms. An experimental arm, and a control (placebo) arm. All participants will be assessed regarding their premonitory awareness of anticipated dysfluencies both before training and at the three month Based on advice from Community Speech and language Manager (Ms Sinead Carthy), participants will voice/video message the principle investigator once per week for this five-week period to confirm compliance.
There is no consensus driven definition of "advanced" Parkinson's disease (APD) currently. APD has been described in terms of emergence of specific clinical features and clinical milestones of the disease e.g., motor fluctuations, time to increasing falls, emergence of cognitive decline, etc. The pathological burden of disease has been used to characterize various stages of the disease. Imaging markers have been associated with various motor and nonmotor symptoms of advancing disease. In this review, we present an overview of clinical, pathologic, and imaging markers of APD. We also propose a model of disease definition involving longitudinal assessments of these markers as well as quality of life metrics to better understand and predict disease progression in those with Parkinson's disease.
Quercetin has been found to decrease the extracellular matrix degradation, promote wound healing when tested in gingival fibroblasts, and showed excellent antibacterial properties. It also possesses antioxidant effect which can be explored to restrict the inflammation in periodontitis. Despite the beneficial effects of Quercetin, its poor aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability result in limited absorption, so scientists have worked on improving the bioavailability of Quercetin using various approaches, such as nanosuspension , self-nano emulsifying systems , microemulsion , solid lipid nanoparticles and cyclodextrin complexes. The combination of oils and emulsifiers enhances the absorption of Quercetin. Hence, nanoemulsion could be a suitable drug delivery vehicle for the loading of Quercetin. Nanoemulsions are more beneficial than microemulsions, as they have high kinetic stability and a smaller droplet size. Therefore, the present study will investigate the efficacy of nanoemulgel of quercetin as adjunct to conventional therapy in treatment of periodontitis.
The primary goal of treatment of achalasia cardia (either LHM or POEM) is to divide the muscle at LES to reduce the pressure so that food bolus can pass down into the esophagus. However, there is little evidence regarding the optimal length of this myotomy for either procedure. During LHM the proximal length of myotomy is extended upto 6-8 cm in esophagus and distally to 3 cm in stomach. There are no data on long term outcomes between differential proximal myotomy lengths. The conventionally the esophageal myotomy is extended to 6-8 cm, this is based on technical considerations, as it is the maximum length that can safely be achieved via a laparoscopic, transhiatal approach. High pressure zone of Esophago gastric junction (EGJ) complex extends for 4 cm on an average with 2 cm on esophageal side. It is hypothesized that If shorter proximal myotomy that ablates just the EGJ complex could achieve the same normalization of EGJ physiology as a longer one, there could be several advantages to this modification. It will take less mediastinal dissection of the esophagus, potentially reducing the chances of esophageal perforation, vagal injury and pleural tears. During POEM, a shorter myotomy would allow for creation of a shorter submucosal tunnel, decreasing operative time along with potentially decreasing the incidence of mucosal perforations, pneumothorax and pneumoperitoneum. Additionally, there is chance that many patients regain some esophageal peristalsis after both LHM and POEM. Patients undergoing POEM for type 1 and type 2 Achalasia cardia will be randomised into 2 groups of short oesophageal (3 cm) and long oesophageal ( 6-8 cm) myotomy.
Elderly

For elderly patients treated with RISPERDAL CONSTA, the recommended dosage is 25 mg IM every 2 weeks. Oral RISPERDAL (or another antipsychotic medication) should be given with the first injection of RISPERDAL CONSTA and should be continued for 3 weeks to ensure that adequate therapeutic plasma concentrations are maintained prior to the main release phase of risperidone from the injection site [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] . 

Renal or Hepatic Impairment

Patients with renal or hepatic impairment should be treated with titrated doses of oral RISPERDAL prior to initiating treatment with RISPERDAL CONSTA. The recommended starting dose is 0.5 mg oral RISPERDAL twice daily during the first week, which can be increased to 1 mg twice daily or 2 mg once daily during the second week. If a total daily dose of at least 2 mg oral RISPERDAL is well tolerated, an injection of 25 mg RISPERDAL CONSTA can be administered every 2 weeks. Oral supplementation should be continued for 3 weeks after the first injection until the main release of risperidone from the injection site has begun. In some patients, slower titration may be medically appropriate. Alternatively, a starting dose of RISPERDAL CONSTA of 12.5 mg may be appropriate. The efficacy of the 12.5 mg dose has not been investigated in clinical trials.

Patients with renal impairment may have less ability to eliminate risperidone than normal adults. Patients with impaired hepatic function may have an increase in the free fraction of the risperidone, possibly resulting in an enhanced effect [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] . Elderly patients and patients with a predisposition to hypotensive reactions or for whom such reactions would pose a particular risk should be instructed in nonpharmacologic interventions that help to reduce the occurrence of orthostatic hypotension (e.g., sitting on the edge of the bed for several minutes before attempting to stand in the morning and slowly rising from a seated position). These patients should avoid sodium depletion or dehydration, and circumstances that accentuate hypotension (alcohol intake, high ambient temperature, etc.). Monitoring of orthostatic vital signs should be considered [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)] .
Work-related stress (WRS) is the second most common cause of occupational ill health in the United Kingdom. Studies suggest that during the Covid-19 pandemic, an increased prevalence of stress-related disorders was reported amongst healthcare workers. WRS can be assessed using the Health and Safety Executive's (HSE) Management Standards Indicator Tool (MSIT) and is used to compare changes to WRS across six domains over time. Lower scores in domains indicate higher WRS experienced by workers. Increases in the score in subsequent assessments indicate improvements to WRS. The MSIT was distributed to 23 primary care clinical and non-clinical staff in a medical centre in Greater Manchester, United Kingdom in March, 2019. 18 responses were received from 23 staff (78% response rate), establishing a baseline. In May, 2020, the authors decided to reanalyse the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on WRS upon the same population. The MSIT was redistributed in March 2021, with 14 responses from 20 staff (70% response rate). Microsoft Excel's data analysis was applied to the results. WRS across the practice increased by 7% in demands, 4% in control and 2% in role domains and improved by 3% in support, 3% in relationships and 2% in change domains. The results are in keeping with the global picture of evolving WRS amongst healthcare staff during the pandemic. Monitoring and addressing WRS regularly helps maintain system-wide resilience when faced with unexpected or unprecedented change. Comparing these results with WRS in other healthcare systems would be a useful next step.