anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of dexamethasone (DXM) on acute lung and kidney injury with sepsis and its possible mechanism.
METHODS: Control (NC), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipopolysaccharide + dexamethasone (LPS+DXM) treated groups were established by random assignment of 72 Wistar rats. The NC rats were injected with physiological saline, while the LPS group was injected with LPS (5 mg/kg) and LPS+DXM group was injected with LPS(5 mg/kg) first and followed by DXM (1 mg/kg). Serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and serum macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α) were measured by ELISA. Lung wet/dry weight ratio, serum creatinine(SCR) and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) were determined at various time points. Hematoxylin Eosin staining (HE) for pathological changes in the lung and kidney. Radioimmunoassay was used to detect the levels of angiotensin II (Ang II) in plasma, lung and kidney tissues. Immunohistochemistry and western blot (WB) were used to detect angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) protein and angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AT2R) protein in lung and kidney tissues. The level of nitric oxide (NO) in serum, lung and kidney were detected using nitrate reductase method.
RESULTS: Compared with control group, serum TNF-α, MIP-1α, SCR, BUN, lung W/D, Ang II level in plasma, lung and kidney, lung and kidney AT2R protein, NO level in serum, lung and kidney were significantly elevated(P<0.05) and pathological damage of lung and kidney tissues were showed in LPS group rats (P<0.05), whereas DXM down-regulated the above indexes and alleviate pathological damage of lung and kidney tissues. However, the expression of the lung and kidney AT1R protein was opposite to the above results.
CONCLUSIONS: Sepsis can cause acute lung and kidney injury and changes RAAS components in circulating, lung and renal. DXM can improve acute lung and kidney injury in septic rats, and the mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of inflammatory factors, AngII, AT2R, NO and up-regulation of AT1R expression by DXM.
The present invention belongs to the field of health food technology, and aims at eliminating the harm of smoking on human body. The tobacco toxin eliminating health food preparation is prepared with dockleaved kpersicaria, wolfsmilk and orange peel, and through sorting, compounding material, crushing, extruding and other steps. It consists of natural plant components and contains no any additive, preservative and other chemical matters. Research shows that the preparation has determined effect of reducing and eliminating nicotine harm on human body, eliminating phlegm in respiratory system and reducing diseases in respiratory system. It may be used as cigarette mate for long term taking. The health food preparation has also functions of relaxing the muscles, promoting blood circulation, lowering blood pressure, removing toxin and nursing face, and has no toxic side effect.
There are no clear criteria for selecting elderly patients with hematologic malignancies eligible for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This study aimed to evaluate inflammatory and nutritional status biomarkers as prognostic indicators of allogeneic HSCT in elderly patients. We compared the prognostic effects of 4 representative pretransplantation biomarkers: C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR), Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR). A total of 143 patients age ≥60 years who underwent their first allogeneic HSCT for a hematologic malignancy were enrolled between 2010 and 2020 in our single-center cohort. The median patient age was 65 years (range, 60 to 72 years). Pretransplantation high CAR, high GPS, and low PNI scores were associated with poor overall survival (OS), but the AGR was not associated with OS. Among the 4 biomarkers, CAR stratified OS most significantly (P < .001). Multivariate analyses identified only high CAR as an independent prognostic factor associated with OS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.98; P = .031) and showed that a Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation-Specific Comorbidity Index (HCT-CI) score ≥3 also was associated with OS (HR, 2.04; P = .012). High CAR was correlated with poor performance status, male sex, and high Disease Risk Index, but not with high HCT-CI score. When the patients were stratified into 3 groups according to a composite risk assessment using CAR and HCT-CI, the 3-year OS decreased significantly with increasing scores (82.8%, 50.3%, and 27.0%, respectively; P < .0001). In conclusion, CAR is the most useful prognostic indicator among the inflammatory and nutritional status biomarkers for allogeneic HSCT in elderly patients. Inflammatory and nutritional status in the elderly may be important prognostic factors for allogeneic HSCT independent of HCT-CI score.
The disclosure relates to synthetic methods, systems, kits, salts, and precursors represented by structural formula shown herein, which are useful in medical imaging. An imaging agent precursor, which may be formed using the synthetic methods described herein, is used in the composition for medical imaging applications. An imaging agent precursor may be converted to an imaging agent using the methods described herein. These imaging agents act as norepinephrine transporter ligands that target or bind NET, wherein the binding of the imaging agent to norepinephrine transporters (NET) allows for imaging of cardiac sympathetic innervation or activity, which makes them suitable for assessing cardiac sympathetic innervation and/or myocardial sympathetic function. In some cases, the imaging agent is enriched in Fluorine18 . In some cases, an imaging agent including salt forms (e.g., ascorbate salt) may be used to image an area of interest in a subject, including, but not limited to, the heart, cardiovascular system, cardiac vessels, brain, and other organs.
Patients randomized in the "FMT group" will received FMT. FMT product will be made by the the pharmacy of the Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital from stools of healthy volunteer donors within 6 hours after defecation in order to preserve the viability of the bacteria. The preparation will be standardized: 50g aliquots will be prepared and diluted in 250mL of 0.9% NaCl containing 10% glycerol, until a homogeneous suspension is obtained. The preparation will be rapidly frozen at -80°C until use, with a maximum shelf life of 18 months.
Single doses of KORSUVA up to 12 times and multiple doses of KORSUVA up to 5 times the recommended dosage of 0.5 mcg/kg were administered in clinical studies in subjects undergoing HD. A dose-dependent increase in adverse reactions, including dizziness, somnolence, mental status changes, paresthesia, fatigue, hypertension, and vomiting, were observed.

In the event of overdosage, provide the appropriate medical attention based on patient’s clinical status. Difelikefalin is primarily eliminated by the kidneys with a low plasma protein binding of approximately 23% to 28% in dialysis patients. Hemodialysis for 4 hours using a high-flux dialyzer effectively cleared approximately 70% to 80% of difelikefalin from plasma, and difelikefalin was not detectable in plasma at the end of the second of two dialysis cycles. [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] .
In a two-year study of timolol maleate administered orally to rats, there was a statistically significant increase in the incidence of adrenal pheochromocytomas in male rats administered 300 mg/kg/day (approximately 42,000 times the systemic exposure following the maximum recommended human ophthalmic dose). Similar differences were not observed in rats administered oral doses equivalent to approximately 14,000 times the maximum recommended human ophthalmic dose.

In a lifetime oral study in mice, there were statistically significant increases in the incidence of benign and malignant pulmonary tumors, benign uterine polyps and mammary adenocarcinomas in female mice at 500 mg/kg/day, (approximately 71,000 times the systemic exposure following the maximum recommended human ophthalmic dose), but not at 5 or 50 mg/kg/day (approximately 700 or 7,000, respectively, times the systemic exposure following the maximum recommended human ophthalmic dose). In a subsequent study in female mice, in which post-mortem examinations were limited to the uterus and the lungs, a statistically significant increase in the incidence of pulmonary tumors was again observed at 500 mg/kg/day.

The increased occurrence of mammary adenocarcinomas was associated with elevations in serum prolactin which occurred in female mice administered oral timolol at 500 mg/kg/day, but not at doses of 5 or 50 mg/kg/day. An increased incidence of mammary adenocarcinomas in rodents has been associated with administration of several other therapeutic agents that elevate serum prolactin, but no correlation between serum prolactin levels and mammary tumors has been established in humans. Furthermore, in adult human female subjects who received oral dosages of up to 60 mg of timolol maleate (the maximum recommended human oral dosage), there were no clinically meaningful changes in serum prolactin.

Timolol maleate was devoid of mutagenic potential when tested in vivo (mouse) in the micronucleus test and cytogenetic assay (doses up to 800 mg/kg) and in vitro in a neoplastic cell transformation assay (up to 100 mcg/mL). In Ames tests the highest concentrations of timolol employed, 5,000 or 10,000 mcg/plate, were associated with statistically significant elevations of revertants observed with tester strain TA100 (in seven replicate assays), but not in the remaining three strains. In the assays with tester strain TA100, no consistent dose response relationship was observed, and the ratio of test to control revertants did not reach 2. A ratio of 2 is usually considered the criterion for a positive Ames test. 

Reproduction and fertility studies in rats demonstrated no adverse effect on male or female fertility at doses up to 21,000 times the systemic exposure following the maximum recommended human ophthalmic dose.
Although trichotillomania (TTM), an impulse control disorder characterized by compulsive hair pulling, typically results in serious consequences including impaired individual functioning, medical problems (e.g., skin infections), and elevated comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders, it remains one of the most poorly-understood and inadequately-treated psychiatric conditions. There is an urgent need for effective and accessible clinical interventions for TTM, especially for young individuals who suffer from a marked lack of adequate treatment resources despite the early onset of the condition. One promising therapeutic approach is to improve cognitive problems believed to contribute to TTM, using a computerized cognitive retraining method. Research has indicated impaired response inhibition (RI; the ability to inhibit inappropriate but potent response) as an important cognitive feature underlying TTM. Therefore, RI is considered to be an important target of cognitive retraining. Investigators have developed a computerized training program that aims to improve RI capabilities in the format of an online video game. Fifty children with TTM will be randomly assigned to (a) online 8-session RIT (n=25), or (b) 1-month waitlist condition (n = 25), and will be assessed at baseline, post-treatment, and 1-month follow-up. The waitlisted participants will also be invited to undergo the training program after the 1-month follow-up assessment is completed. Investigators hypothesize that the online RIT will show greater improvement in TTM symptoms and RI capabilities at post-treatment and 1-month follow-up assessments, compared to the waitlist condition. This study is expected to generate important data that will guide the development of an accessible, cost-efficient, and effective cognitive intervention for individuals suffering from TTM.
The musical content is based on the patient's preferred music (chosen by patients with the support of the music therapist) with the purpose of acting psychologically and physiologically on the person. Patients will undergo to music listening for 15 minutes before radiotherapy session. Appropriate earphones will be used in order to focus their attention on the musical-sound component and to isolate themselves from the external context.
PURPOSE:To sufficiently clean dirt sticked to the skin of anus or the nearby position after defecating and prevent stimulation of the skin arround the anus, by soaking or coating a chemical liquid made of a specified volume of gamma- linolenic acid and fluid paraffin in paper or nonwoven fabric. CONSTITUTION:A container vessel 1 of the title appliance is composed of a container body 3 having an opening at the upper side, an aluminum foil 4 sticked to the position arround the upper end opening of the container body 3 to closely seal the container body 3, and a cover body 5 detachably fitted at the upper end of container body 3. The goods 2 for cleaning and washing skin is wet tissue paper folded to be quarto. The chemicals are soaked or coated in paper or nonwoven fabric. The paper or the nonwoven fabric is applied with an embossed process to be water-soluble. gamma-linolenic acid is regarded to be excellent in wettability and softening effect and further, effective atopic dermatitis. The ratio in the chemicals solution is 0.1-5% in weight. Fluid paraffin is excellent in wettability and softening effect. And the ratio in the chemicals solution is more than 90% in weight.
INTRODUCTION: Itch is one of the most burdensome symptoms in epidermolysis bullosa (EB), indicating a hitherto unmet therapeutic need. This review leverages existing data on efficacy of itch treatment in EB to support sound decision making.
METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed on 29 March 2022. Studies written later than 1991 and reporting outcomes in patients with EB treated for itch were considered.
RESULTS: Of the 3,099 articles screened, 21 studies met eligibility criteria, comprising 353 patients (65.9%) diagnosed for recessive dystrophic EB. Only two studies (9.5%) evaluated itch as primary endpoint, of which solely one revealed a significant relief of self-reported itch upon topical skin care. In those studies assessing itch as secondary endpoint (19/21, 90.5%), only 36.8% studies (n = 7/19) revealed a statistically significant itch reduction of up to 42%. Methodological limitations (heterogeneity of outcomes, inconsistent data assessment) in addition to limited superiority over control were implicated to account for low treatment efficacy observed in most studies.
CONCLUSION: Current data quality impairs comparative efficacy analyses of itch treatments in EB. Large scale randomized clinical trials and more personalized approaches applying validated measurement instruments for core outcomes are needed to substantiate evidence-based treatment approaches for EB-associated itch.
BACKGROUND: Over the past two decades, several studies have been conducted that have tried to answer questions on management of patients with acute heart failure (AHF) in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Updated international clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have endorsed the findings of these studies. The aim of this document was to adapt recommendations of existing guidelines to help internists make decisions about specific and complex scenarios related to AHF.
METHODS: The adaptation procedure was to identify firstly unresolved clinical problems in patients with AHF in accordance with the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes) process, then conduct a critical assessment of existing CPGs and choose recommendations that are most applicable to these specific scenarios.
RESULTS: Seven PICOs were identified and CPGs were assessed. There is no single test that can help clinicians in discriminating patients with acute dyspnoea, congestion or hypoxaemia. Performing of echocardiography and natriuretic peptide evaluation is recommended, and chest X-ray and lung ultrasound may be considered. Treatment strategies to manage arterial hypotension and low cardiac output include short-term continuous intravenous inotropic support, vasopressors, renal replacement therapy, and temporary mechanical circulatory support. The most updated recommendations on how to treat specific patients with AHF and certain comorbidities and for reducing post-discharge rehospitalization and mortality are provided. Overall, 51 recommendations were endorsed and the rationale for the selection is provided in the main text.
CONCLUSION: Through the use of appropriate tailoring process methodology, this document provides a simple and updated guide for internists dealing with AHF patients.
Each subject will receive a single dose(C0) of HS-10342 and then repeat doses(C1, C2...) for 28-day cycles. Participants may continue on study drug until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or other withdrawal criteria is met.
PURPOSE: A novel cosmetic composition for antioxidation or whitening is provided to suppress tyrosinase activity and to suppress reactive oxygen species. CONSTITUTION: A cosmetic composition for antioxidation or whitening contains a compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient. The compound is selected from compounds of chemical formulas 1-5. The compound is derived from stems of Ficus erecta var. sieboldii. The extract is isolated using water, ethanol, methanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, acetone, hexane, ether, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate or methylene chloride. The solvent extract contains the compounds. The cosmetic composition is manufactured in the form of a skin lotion, skin softener, skin toner, astringent, lotion, milk lotion, moisture lotion, massage cream, nutrition cream, moisture cream, hand cream, essence, pack, soap, shampoo, cleansing foam, cleansing lotion, body cleanser, emulsion or eye shadow.
PURPOSE: To obtain a sugar-protein conjugate exhibiting markedly enhanced antitumor, immunocontrolling, and growth-factor-inhibiting actions by specifically chemically treating a protein polysaccharide derived from a basidiomycete belonging to a specific genus. CONSTITUTION: This sugar-protein conjugate is obtd. by chemically treating an extract of mycelia, broths, or fruit bodies of a basidiomycete belonging to the genus Coriolus and has a mol.wt. (by gel chromatography) of 5,000-1,000,000, a ratio of the amt. of saccharide (by the phenol-sulfuric acid method) to the amt. of protein (by the Lowry-Folin method) of 0.7-5.0, and such a structure that 18-100% of glucan in saccharide is 1→3 glucan. The extraction is conducted with hot water or an alkali soln. The chemical treatment comprises e.g. oxidation, reduction, relaxation hydrolysis, and removal of low- mol-wt. products, the oxidation being done pref. with periodic acid or its salt.
BACKGROUND: Globally, adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) is one of the most prevalent upper respiratory tract disorders of children, with associated troublesome symptoms such as sleep apnea and cognitive disturbances. In this study, we evaluated the potential role of individualized homeopathic medicines in the management of symptomatic ATH in children.
METHODS: A multicenter prospective observational study was conducted at five institutes under the Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy, India. Primary and secondary outcomes (symptom score for adenoids, other symptoms of ATH, Mallampati score, tonsillar size, Sleep-Related Breathing Disorder of the Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire [SRBD-PSQ]) were assessed through standardized questionnaires at baseline and at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Radiological investigations for assessing the adenoid/nasopharyngeal (A/N) ratio were carried out at baseline, 6 and 12 months. All analyses were carried out using an intention-to-treat approach.
RESULTS: A total of 340 children were screened and 202 children suffering from ATH were enrolled and followed up monthly for 12 months. Each patient received individualized homeopathic treatment based on the totality of symptoms. Statistically significant reductions in adenoid symptom score, Mallampati score (including tonsillar size), SRBD-PSQ sleep quality assessment and A/N ratio were found over time up to 12 months (p < 0.001). Homeopathic medicines frequently indicated were Calcarea carbonicum, Phosphorus, Silicea, Sulphur, Calcarea phosphoricum, Pulsatilla, Lycopodium and Tuberculinum. No serious adverse events were recorded during the study period.
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that homeopathic medicines may play a beneficial role in the management of symptomatic ATH in children. Well-designed comparative trials are warranted.
INTRODUCTION: Total thyroidectomy is the traditional primary approach for papillary thyroid cancer. However, recent evidence supports conservative management for low-risk tumors like papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs). This study explores the adoption of these practices in our community, using a cancer database to analyze treatment strategies.
METHODS: A retrospective review of a 1433-patient institutional database identified 258 ​PTMC cases. Outcomes, including 30-day mortality, reoperation rate, postoperative hypocalcemia, and recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury, were assessed.
RESULTS: Of PTMC patients, 63.4% underwent total thyroidectomy, with higher rates of RLN injury (8.8% vs. 2.3%) and hypocalcemia (12.4% vs. 0.0%) compared to lobectomy. Non-endocrine surgeons had higher postoperative radioactive iodine administration rates (28.6% vs. 6.1%). Subgroup analysis revealed a shift in total thyroidectomy rates based on tumor size and surgery period.
CONCLUSION: Our community favors total thyroidectomy for PTMC, despite associated complications. Enhanced awareness and adherence to PTMC best practice guidelines are warranted.
The present invention relates to medicine for antioxidation treatment. Tea polyphenol is used as main bodies, and a proper quantity of vitamin C, curcumin and sodium diacetate are added to the tea polyphenol. Moreover, chitosan and sodium alginate as organism sustained-release type film forming materials are used as wall materials, and compound tea polyphenol is used as capsule cores for preparing sustained-release type microcapsules with enteric solubility. The antioxidation activity of the compound tea polyphenol is obviously strengthened. The stability and the antioxidation activity of the microcapsulized compound tea polyphenol is obviously stronger than those of tea polyphenol and compound tea polyphenol, and the microcapsulized compound tea polyphenol can be absorbed by the small intestine in a sustained release mode. The microcapsulized compound tea polyphenol provides a new way and a method for the antioxidation treatment of diseases relevant to free radicals. When the microcapsulized compound tea polyphenol is used for kidney diseases, the renal functions can be improved by effectively clearing away active free radicals so as to reduce the excretion of urine protein, lighten the progressive damage of the kidney, and delay the pathological chronic development of the kidney. The microcapsulized compound tea polyphenol can also be used for the antioxidation treatment of tumors, leukemia and other immunological diseases.