anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) is an emerging technique for enhancing neuroplasticity and motor function in respiratory and limb musculature. Thus far, AIH-induced improvements in strength have been reported for upper and lower limb muscles after chronic incomplete cervical spinal cord injury (iSCI), but the underlying mechanisms have been elusive. We used high-density surface EMG (HDsEMG) to determine if motor unit discharge behaviour is altered after 15 × 60 s exposures to 9% inspired oxygen, interspersed with 21% inspired oxygen (AIH), compared to breathing only 21% air (SHAM). We recorded HDsEMG from the biceps and triceps brachii of seven individuals with iSCI during maximal elbow flexion and extension contractions, and motor unit spike trains were identified using convolutive blind source separation. After AIH, elbow flexion and extension torque increased by 54% and 59% from baseline (P = 0.003), respectively, whereas there was no change after SHAM. Across muscles, motor unit discharge rates increased by ∼4 pulses per second (P = 0.002) during maximal efforts, from before to after AIH. These results suggest that excitability and/or activation of spinal motoneurons is augmented after AIH, providing a mechanism to explain AIH-induced increases in voluntary strength. Pending validation, AIH may be helpful in conjunction with other therapies to enhance rehabilitation outcomes after incomplete spinal cord injury, due to these enhancements in motor unit function and strength. KEY POINTS: Acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) causes increases in muscular strength and neuroplasticity in people living with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI), but how it affects motor unit discharge rates is unknown. Motor unit spike times were identified from high-density surface electromyograms during maximal voluntary contractions and tracked from before to after AIH. Motor unit discharge rates were increased following AIH. These findings suggest that AIH can facilitate motoneuron function in people with incomplete SCI.
If phenytoin or other hepatic enzyme inducers are taken concurrently with Norpace or Norpace CR, lower plasma levels of disopyramide may occur. Monitoring of disopyramide plasma levels is recommended in such concurrent use to avoid ineffective therapy. Other antiarrhythmic drugs (e.g., quinidine, procainamide, lidocaine, propranolol) have occasionally been used concurrently with Norpace. Excessive widening of the QRS complex and/or prolongation of the Q-T interval may occur in these situations (see Warnings). In healthy subjects, no significant drug-drug interaction was observed when Norpace was coadministered with either propranolol or diazepam. Concomitant administration of Norpace and quinidine resulted in slight increases in plasma disopyramide levels and slight decreases in plasma quinidine levels. Norpace does not increase serum digoxin levels.

Until data on possible interactions between verapamil and disopyramide phosphate are obtained, disopyramide should not be administered within 48 hours before or 24 hours after verapamil administration.

Although potent inhibitors of cytochrome P450 3A4 (e.g., ketoconazole) have not been studied clinically, in vitro studies have shown that erythromycin and oleandomycin inhibit the metabolism of disopyramide. Cases of life-threatening interactions have been reported for disopyramide when given with clarithromycin and erythromycin indicating that coadministration of disopyramide with inhibitors of cytochrome 3A4 could result in potentially fatal interaction.
Numerous studies demonstrate neuropsychological impairment in patients with chronic pain, particularely on measures assessing attentional capacity, processing speed and psychomotor speed. About 50% of the patients suffering from neuropathic pain are treated with anticonvulsants, as a treatment against serious pain complaints, and experience good pain relief. Gabapentin is one of the most prescribed anticonvulsants for the treatment of neuropathic pain. An important disadvantage of treatment with gabapentin could be the occurrence of side effects, such as somnolence and fatigue. These side effects can constitute a crucial problem for patients treated with gabapentin who must operate a motor vehicle or other dangerous machinery. However, pain affects cognition negatively, and possibly also driving. Therefore, another possibility is that treatment with gabapentin for these pain complaints can improve driving because the pain has less influence. Since driving is an activity of daily living that is important in maintaining independency in the community, such as access to employment and social activities, it is important to establish the effects of using gabapentin on these abilities. No studies have been conducted so far to investigate driving abilities of patients with neuropathic pain, treated with gabapentin.The aim of this study was to explore the effects of pain on the one hand and the effects of acute (Day 1) and subchronic (Day 15) treatment of pain with gabapentin (900, 1200, 1800 or 2400 mg) on the other hand on actual driving performance and several laboratory tests in patients with neuropathic pain. It was hypothesized that gabapentin might influence performance after acute but not after subchronic administration. This study is a two-period double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over randomised study.
With the widespread use of dental implants, there is an increase in technical and biological complications. These complications are called peri-implant diseases in general terms. When peri-implant diseases are not treated, a process that progresses to the loss of the affected implant may develop, but there is still no accepted consensus on their treatment.When performing treatment procedures, it is recommended not only to remove inflamed tissues but also to decontaminate infected implant surfaces.Recently, with the development of laser technologies, the use of dental lasers in implant surface detoxification has come to the fore. Dental lasers attract increasing attention due to their anti-infective properties, easy handling and haemostatic effects against periodontal pathogens.Diode lasers attract attention with their safety when used directly on the implant surface, soft tissue penetration, antibacterial and biostimulating properties. They detoxify implant surfaces by killing pathogenic bacteria through photothermal effects and neutralizing bacterial endotoxins. Erbium lasers also show promising results in implant treatment due to their advantageous properties such as soft and hard tissue ablation and decontamination. Er, Cr: YSGG lasers have the ability to debride microstructured surfaces of dental implants without causing mechanical damage, thanks to their ability to work with water.Today, many researchers investigate the effectiveness of dental lasers in the treatment of peri-implant diseases, but it has not yet been proven whether they have an additional contribution. It is observed that studies mostly focus on clinical parameters. However, it is stated that periodontal probing and radiographs, which are used as common diagnostic methods, may give erroneous results. These methods refer only to pre-existing destruction rather than current disease activity. A model predicting the course of peri-implant disease has not yet been defined, but biomarkers may offer considerable potential for disease activity.Biomarkers are widely used in medicine to objectively determine disease state or responses to a therapeutic intervention. Gingival fluid (GCF) biomarkers have moderate diagnostic validity in periodontitis. It is stated that biomarkers in peri-implant groove fluid (PICF) also give promising results in terms of diagnosis and prognostic values. MMP-8 and MMP-9, the two main collagen degrading enzymes in GCF, are secreted from neutrophils during disease activation and are responsible for extracellular matrix degradation. TIMP-1, a major inhibitor of MMPs, has been reported to be released at high levels in inflamed gums.

In the literature review, it has been observed that there are quite a limited number of human clinical studies investigating the effect of dental lasers of different wavelengths on treatment results in the treatment of peri-implant disease at the clinical and molecular level. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of 940 nm diode laser and 2780 nm Er, Cr: YSGG laser-assisted non-surgical mechanical treatment on clinical parameters and MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels in PICF in individuals with peri-implant disease.
The acute myocardial infarction (AMI) present high mortality rate that may be reduced with cardiac rehabilitation. Despite its good establishment in outpatient care, few studies analyzed cardiac rehabilitation during hospitalization. Thus, this study aims to clarify the safety and efficacy of early cardiac rehabilitation after AMI. This will be a clinical, controlled, randomized trial with blind outcome evaluation and a superiority hypothesis. Twenty-four patients with AMI will be divided into two groups (1:1 allocation ratio). The intervention group will receive an individualized exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation protocol during hospitalization and a semi-supervised protocol after hospital discharge; the control group will receive conventional care. The primary outcomes will be the cardiac remodeling assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, functional capacity assessed by maximal oxygen consumption, and cardiac autonomic balance examined via heart rate variability. Secondary outcomes will include safety and the total exercise dose provided during the protocol. Statistical analysis will consider the intent-to-treat analysis. Trial registration. Trial registration number: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC) (RBR- 9nyx8hb).
There are 6 planned and 2 optional 28-day cycles in which participants are administered both bendamustine and ofatumumab in the following doses: Bendamustine administered at 90 mg/m\^2 intravenously (iv) on study days 1 and 2. Ofatumumab administered at 300 mg iv on day 1 and 1000 mg iv on day 8 of cycle 1. Ofatumumab administered at 1000 mg iv on day 1 of all additional cycles.
Disclosed is a mesenchymal stem cell and/or cell of the adipocyte lineage that (i) has been modified to have at least one exogenous antigen bound to at least one primary surface molecule of said cell such that said at least one antigen can initiate an immune response and (ii) also expresses at least one co-stimulatory molecule. The antigen is preferably a protein, polypeptide, lipid or glycolipid. The primary surface molecule is MHC I, MHC II or CD1. Also disclosed is a method for stimulating presentation of at least one exogenous antigen fragment on a mesenchymal stem cell primary surface molecule by contacting a mesenchymal stem cell that is capable of expressing at least one co-stimulatory molecule with (i) an exogenous antigen or (ii) genetic material that codes for the exogenous antigen which the mesenchymal stem cell processes into at least one antigen fragment. The method can further include contacting the mesenchymal stem cell with interferon-γ. Also disclosed are a method for determining the state of activation of a T lymphocyte population and a method for the treatment or prevention of a disease in an animal.
Two to four sites will participate in this study. Aims of the study are 1) to characterize the acute effects of PO psilocybin 25 mg/70 kg, 30 mg/70 kg, and 40 mg/70 kg in alcohol dependent patients; 2) to evaluate the effect of psilocybin treatment on drinking outcomes for 32 weeks after the first administration, relative to diphenhydramine control; 3) to test whether or not characteristics of the drug administration session experiences mediate effects of psilocybin on short-term (1 week) persisting effects and post-session drinking behavior, 4) to evaluate the explanatory value of changes in alcohol craving, self-efficacy, motivation, and other psychological domains in accounting for the observed experimental effect of psilocybin relative to diphenhydramine control, and 5) to evaluate pre-post changes in drinking in participants after they receive psilocybin in the third session.

The total duration of psychosocial treatment in the double-blind period will be 12 weeks, and double-blind drug administration sessions will occur after 4 and 8 weeks. In the first psilocybin session, a dose of 25 mg/70 kg will be administered. Depending on the response in the first session, the dose for the second session may be increased to 30 mg/70 kg or 40 mg/70 kg, or held at 25mg/70kg. The dose of diphenhydramine will start at 50 mg, and may be increased to 100 mg or held at 50 mg in the second session, depending on response in the first session. Following completion of the double-blind period (34 weeks after randomization) all participants who meet interim safety criteria will be offered an additional session in which psilocybin will be administered. The drug will be administered during 8-hour sessions in an outpatient setting under close medical and psychiatric monitoring. The drug administration sessions will occur in the context of an extended version of Motivational Enhancement Therapy (Motivational Enhancement and Taking Action, META) with the addition of standardized preparation before and debriefing and follow-up after the psilocybin administration sessions. Extensive screening and baseline assessment will be completed, including thorough safety screening and assessment of participant characteristics that could potentially moderate treatment response. Within-session and short-term persisting effects will be assessed. Drinking outcomes and changes in several potential mediators of treatment effect, including motivation, self-efficacy, craving, depression, anxiety, and spiritual dimensions of the experience, will be measured until 50 weeks after the first drug administration session, for a total of 54 weeks from the initiation of treatment.
A liquid pressurised hair spray includes panthenol in an amount up to 3,5% by weight of the preparation excluding the propellant. The panthenol may be in the d-form or dl form, and may be used in solution in ethanol. Preferred propellants are the fluorinated hydrocarbons. Other ingredients include perfumes, anti-static agents (e.g. N-cetyl-N-ethyl-morpholinium ethylsulphate), hair conditioning agents (myristic alcohol, isopropylmytistate, polyglycols, lanolin and its derivatives) plasticizers and anti-hygroscopic agents. An additional setting ingredient is ethyl cellulose.
Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases whose central feature is dysfunction of the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT). Although the exact etiology of tauopathies is still unknown, it has been hypothesized that their onset may occur up to twenty years before the clear emergence of symptoms, which has led to questions about whether the prognosis of these diseases can be improved by, for instance, targeting the factors that influence tauopathy development. One such factor is hypoxia, which is strongly linked to Alzheimer's disease because of its association with obstructive sleep apnea and has been reported to affect molecular pathways related to the dysfunction and aggregation of tau proteins and other biomarkers of neurological damage. In particular, hypobaric hypoxia exposure increases the activation of several kinases related to the hyperphosphorylation of tau in neuronal cells, such as ERK, GSK3β, and CDK5. In addition, hypoxia also increases the levels of inflammatory molecules (IL-β1, IL-6, and TNF-α), which are also associated with neurodegeneration. This review discusses the many remaining questions regarding the influence of hypoxia on tauopathies and the contribution of high-altitude exposure to the development of these diseases.
AIM: We aimed to evaluate the applicability of a customized NanoString panel for molecular subtyping of recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M-HNSCC). Additionally, histological analyses were conducted, correlated with the molecular subtypes and tested for their prognostic value.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted molecular subtyping of R/M-HNSCC according to the molecular subtypes defined by Keck et al. For molecular analyses a 231 gene customized NanoString panel (the most accurately subtype defining genes, based on previous analyses) was applied to tumor samples from R/M-HNSCC patients that were treated in the CeFCiD trial (AIO/IAG-KHT trial 1108). A total of 130 samples from 95 patients were available for sequencing, of which 80 samples from 67 patients passed quality controls and were included in histological analyses. H&E stained slides were evaluated regarding distinct morphological patterns (e.g. tumor budding, nuclear size, stroma content).
RESULTS: Determination of molecular subtypes led to classification of tumor samples as basal (n = 46, 45 %), inflamed/mesenchymal (n = 31, 30 %) and classical (n = 26, 25 %). Expression levels of Amphiregulin (AREG) were significantly higher for the basal and classical subtypes compared to the mesenchymal subtype. While molecular subtypes did not have an impact on survival, high levels of tumor budding were associated with poor outcomes. No correlation was found between molecular subtypes and histological characteristics.
CONCLUSIONS: Utilizing the 231-gene NanoString panel we were able to determine the molecular subtype of R/M-HNSCC samples by the use of FFPE material. The value to stratify for different treatment options remains to be explored in the future. The prognostic value of tumor budding was underscored in this clinically well annotated cohort.
Sterile liquid formulation of 5% glucose solution in matched glass vials with a 1.5 mL fill volume. It will be administered intravenously, for up to 10 days plus Standard of Care therapy for severe community-acquired pneumonia as per local guidelines.
AIMS: The aim of the present study was to assess the outcomes of the induced membrane technique (IMT) for the management of infected segmental bone defects, and to analyze predictive factors associated with unfavourable outcomes.
METHODS: Between May 2012 and December 2020, 203 patients with infected segmental bone defects treated with the IMT were enrolled. The digital medical records of these patients were retrospectively analyzed. Factors associated with unfavourable outcomes were identified through logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS: Among the 203 enrolled patients, infection recurred in 27 patients (13.3%) after bone grafting. The union rate was 75.9% (154 patients) after second-stage surgery without additional procedures, and final union was achieved in 173 patients (85.2%) after second-stage surgery with or without additional procedures. The mean healing time was 9.3 months (3 to 37). Multivariate logistic regression analysis of 203 patients showed that the number (≥ two) of debridements (first stage) was an independent risk factor for infection recurrence and nonunion. Larger defect sizes were associated with higher odds of nonunion. After excluding 27 patients with infection recurrence, multivariate analysis of the remaining 176 patients suggested that intramedullary nail plus plate internal fixation, smoking, and an allograft-to-autograft ratio exceeding 1:3 adversely affected healing time.
CONCLUSION: The IMT is an effective method to achieve infection eradication and union in the management of infected segmental bone defects. Our study identified several risk factors associated with unfavourable outcomes. Some of these factors are modifiable, and the risk of adverse outcomes can be reduced by adopting targeted interventions or strategies. Surgeons can fully inform patients with non-modifiable risk factors preoperatively, and may even use other methods for bone defect reconstruction.
Background: Previous research has identified food insecurity as a risk factor for obesity but those studies employed cross-sectional designs and were largely focused on adults and young children. In addition, there is a paucity of studies examining the association between food insecurity and changes in children's overall diet quality. This study aimed to assess whether food insecurity is associated with subsequent changes in diet quality and BMI z-scores over 2 years among 7- to 12-year-old children. Methods: We used 2011-2019 secondary data (n = 404) from three randomized controlled trials in Minnesota. Food insecurity was identified using the U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module at baseline (Time 0). Diet quality was determined using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 from 24-hour recalls, and BMI z-scores were calculated using measured height and weight. These two outcomes were measured at Time 0, Time 1 (10-12 months from Time 0), and Time 2 (15-24 months from Time 0). Results: Compared with children from food-secure households, those from food-insecure households experienced a 0.13 greater increase in BMI z-scores from Time 0 to Time 2 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.04 to 0.21] and a 4.5 point increase in HEI-2015 from Time 0 to Time 1 (95% CI: 0.99 to 8.01). Conclusion: Household food insecurity may widen weight disparities among elementary school-aged children. Further studies are needed to identify the role of diet quality in weight changes among children with food insecurity. Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT01538615, NCT02029976, NCT02973815.
Arsenic is a toxic metal-like element widely used in the pesticide, preservative and semiconductor industries. However, accumulation of arsenic through the food chain can cause serious damage to animal and human health. However, the toxic mechanism of arsenic-induced hepatotoxicity in chickens is not clear, and the present study aimed to investigate the potential role of cGAS-STING and NF-κB pathways on inflammatory injury in chicken liver. In this study, 75 white-feathered broilers were divided into a control group, a low-dose arsenic group (4 mg/kg) and a high-dose arsenic group (8 mg/kg) to investigate the toxic effects of arsenic on chicken liver. In this study, we found that pathological changes such as inflammatory cell infiltration and vesicular degeneration occurred in the liver when exposed to ATO. Crucially, exposure to ATO triggered the cGAS-STING pathway and markedly raised the levels of mRNA and protein expression of cGAS, STING, TBK1, and IRF7. The type I interferon response was also triggered. Simultaneously, STING induced the activation of the conventional NF-κB signaling pathway and stimulated the expression of genes associated with inflammation, such as IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β. In summary, the induction of inflammatory responses via cGAS-STING and NF-κB signaling pathways under high ATO exposure provides new ideas for further studies on the toxicological mechanisms of arsenic.
PT199 is an anti-CD73 mAb with a differentiated mechanism of action. PT199 is designed to counter the adenosine-mediated immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, rendering anti-tumor immune cells to be more responsive to checkpoint immunotherapies, such as PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. PT199 fully inhibits both soluble and membrane-bound CD73, unlike some other CD73 inhibitors which may inhibit only one form of enzyme or exhibit incomplete inhibition. Moreover, at higher concentrations no loss of inhibition or "hook effect" is observed with PT199. PT199 is a highly selective mAb, and thus far in development no off-target effects or dose limiting toxicities in cynomolgus monkey safety studies have been observed. Hence, PT199 addresses the limitations of current CD73 inhibitors and is expected to increase antitumor immune activation, especially in combination with PD-1 pathway inhibition, and thus offer a new treatment option for cancer patients.