anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Although treatment methods appropriate to the disease are applied in respiratory system diseases, healthcare professionals must cooperate with the child and family regarding compliance with the treatment (oral, nebulizer, inhaler) and management of the disease. Children may experience anxiety and fear from the moment they enter the hospital. They may react to being in the hospital and medical procedures such as crying, running away, or withdrawing. Age, previous negative hospitalization experiences, and fear of getting sick are factors that shape children's medical fears. The majority of children have 'a little' or 'a lot' of fear about medical procedures. Children have adaptation problems to the inhaler treatment and often reject it. To provide effective treatment, compliance of the child and family with the treatment and suitable application techniques are crucial. In this process, it is important to minimize the anxiety and fear of children and ensure that they receive the treatment in the best possible way. Therapeutic approaches such as distraction cards, musical toys, and puppets during the preparation of the child for the procedure before the treatment can increase the child's compliance with the treatment and reduce the level of anxiety. In a study, puppet shows were useful in reducing the fears of children with 'a lot' fear. In another study, finger puppets as a play enhanced communication with children with cancer and were suitable for use in the hospital environment. It has been concluded that the use of puppets is beneficial because it gives children the opportunity to express themselves freely. An effort should be made to reduce the child's anxiety and fear by taking a therapeutic approach not only for invasive procedures but also for non-invasive procedures. Therapeutic approaches can be applied to the child and family before, during, and after treatment. This study aimed to determine the effect of preparation with the ventriloquist puppet method before inhaler treatment on the anxiety and fear levels of children aged 4-6.
Studies of children's consistency of word production allow identification of speech sound disorder. Inconsistent errors are reported for two groups of children: childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) due to difficulty with the motoric precision and consistency of speech movements; and inconsistent phonological disorder (IPD) attributed to impaired phonological planning. This paper describes the inconsistent productions of children with IPD in comparison to typically developing children. In two studies of suspected SSD (N = 135), 22 children pronounced ≥40% of 25 words inconsistently on three repeated trials. No participant had symptoms of CAS. They were monolingual and spoke Australian- or Irish-English. Assessment determined the proportions of words said consistently (i.e. the same across productions: all correct or with the same error) or inconsistently (i.e. differently across productions: at least one correct and one error or different errors in productions). Qualitative analyses examined error types and explored the effect of target words' characteristics on inconsistency. Children with IPD produced 52% of words with different errors. While 56% of all phoneme errors were developmental (age appropriate or delayed), atypical errors typified inconsistency: default sounds and word structure errors. Words with more phonemes, syllables and consonant clusters were vulnerable to inconsistency, but their frequency of occurrence had no effect. TD children and those with IPD had different quantitative and qualitative error profiles, confirming IPD as a diagnostic category of SSD. Qualitative analyses supported the hypothesised deficit in phonological planning of words' production for children with IPD.
The invention discloses a method for producing a Euonymus hederaceus Champ. ex Benth preparation and application of the Euonymus hederaceus Champ. ex Benth preparation to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Euonymus hederaceus Champ. ex Benth plants are not listed into the national standard of medicinal materials at present; moreover, any research and report of the medicinal material in aspects of preparations and clinical application are still not known. The research on preparation methods, pharmacodynamics and toxicology of the medicinal material proves that the product is nontoxic and has the effect of treating cardiovascular diseases. The preparation can treat thrombus, lower blood fat, improve immunity and ease pain, and can also be applied to the treatment of coronary disease and angina.
Severe hypotension, particularly with upright posture, may occur with even small doses of ISMN. This drug should therefore be used with caution in patients who may be volume depleted or who, for whatever reason, are already hypotensive. Hypotension induced by ISMN may be accompanied by paradoxical bradycardia and increased angina pectoris.

Nitrate therapy may aggravate the angina caused by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

In industrial workers who have had long term exposure to unknown (presumably high) doses of organic nitrates, tolerance clearly occurs. Chest pain, acute myocardial infarction, and even sudden death have occurred during temporary withdrawal of nitrates from these workers, demonstrating the existence of true physical dependence. The importance of these observations to the routine, clinical use of oral ISMN is not known.
Background: The therapeutic advances and progress in the care for preterm infants have enabled the regular survival of more and more immature infants. However, the high burden of lifelong sequelae following premature delivery constitutes an ongoing challenge and psychomotor disorders and neurobehavioral difficulties persist into adulthood. Regardless of premature delivery, parental mental health and a healthy parent-child relationship were identified as essential prerogatives for normal infant development. Family centered care (FCC) supports preterm infants and their families by respecting the particular developmental, social and emotional needs in the NICU. Due to the large variations in concepts and goals of different FCC initiatives, scientific data on the benefits of FCC for the infant and family outcome are sparse and its effects on the clinical team need to be elaborated.

Methods: This prospective longitudinal single-center cohort study will enroll preterm infants with a gestational length of ≤32+0 weeks and/or a birth weight of ≤1500 g and their parents. After a baseline period, additional FCC elements will be introduced gradually every 6 months, covering staff training, parent education, psychosocial support for families, and last but not least, the neonatal intensive care unit environment. Recruitment will occur over a 5.5-year period, and outcomes will be tracked through periodic follow-up until 24 month of corrected age. Sample size calculation is based on corrected gestational age at discharge as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes in infants include morbidities and treatment aspects of prematurity such as somatic growth, duration of ventilatory support, and psychomotor development. Parental outcomes relate to success of parenting education and skills, parent-family interaction, parental satisfaction, and mental health with particular emphasis on anxiety, depression, and stress. Staffing issues are addressed with special attention to the job satisfaction item. Quality improvement steps are monitored using the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle method, and outcome measures address the child, parent, and medical team as they are inextricably linked. Parallel data collection allows for the interrelationship between these three important research areas to be examined.

Discussion: It is scientifically impossible to allocate improvements in outcome measures to individual enhancement steps of FCC that constitutes a continuous change in NICU culture and attitudes covering diverse areas of change. Therefore, our trial is designed to allocate childhood, parental and staff outcome measures during the stepwise changes introduced by a FCC intervention program. But even if no positive outcome measures can be confirmed, the successful execution of our standardized statistical process control method approach is suited to guide quality improvement in future studies in neonatology and beyond.
Subjects will receive a 1st intravenous dose of Placebo and a 2nd intravenous dose of Placebo. Each dose will be separated by 48 h (± 2 h).
BACKGROUND & AIMS: During the pandemic, steroids use at various dosages and durations for the treatment of COVID-19 patients, especially in hospitalized patients, was a common and effective strategy. However, steroid administration is associated with osteonecrosis as an adverse event. The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of skeleton osteonecrosis in COVID-19 patients treated with or without steroids.
METHODS: Eighty randomly selected hospitalized COVID-19 patients were analyzed, of which 40 were managed with a published protocol including steroids and 40 did not receive steroids. Demographics and laboratory measurements including white blood cells count, C-reactive protein and ferritin were retrieved from the medical records. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the hips, shoulders, and knees. Subsequently, all patients were clinically examined and Oxford hip score (OHS) and EuroQol- 5 Dimension (EQ-5D-5 L) were documented.
RESULTS: Three patients (3/40; 7.5 %) treated with steroids were diagnosed with femoral head osteonecrosis. None of the patients in the non-steroid-treated group developed osteonecrosis. There were no differences between the two groups regarding OHS and EQ-5D-5 L. Patients with osteonecrosis had higher ferritin levels, received higher doses of corticosteroids (median dose 2200 mg), and had longer hospitalization.
CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19-related therapy with steroids resulted in lower prevalence of osteonecrosis than that previously recorded in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus-type-1. However, this risk seems not negligible and therefore, high clinical suspicion for early diagnosis is warranted, given the fact that a great proportion of hospitalized patients received steroids during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A life review program is mainly developed based on Erickson's theory, Confucius's teaching on human development, and the empirical findings of the researcher's preliminary study and pre-pilot study. The program covers reviewing a life for advanced cancer patients and formulating a booklet for them. A randomized controlled trial will be adopted for evaluation of this program. Eligible patients will be randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group. The subjects in the experimental group will receive a life review program for three weeks. The outcome measure is quality of life (QOL), including domains of physical discomfort, food-related concerns, health care concerns, support, negative emotions, sense of alienation, existential distress and value of life. Subjects' QOL will be assessed before commencement of the program (T0) and one day (T1) and three weeks (T2) after the completion of the program for all subjects in two groups. Perceptions of the program will be elicited within three days after the program for subjects in the experimental group.Descriptive statistics will be used to analyze patients' personal information, disease related information, functional performance and QOL of advanced cancer patients. Repeated measures ANOVA will be used to measure QOL differences in between-group, within-group and interaction effects. Content analysis will be used to analyze the qualitative data collected.
New haemostatic medicaments for introduction into and packing of cavities in living bodies contain a foam-forming substance and a propellant gas. The Haemostatic agents are partic. for stopping bleeding in human body cavities, e.g. in nasal passages or cavities, ears, the uterus, or even the gastrointestinal tract. The effectiveness of the medicament is attributed to the cooling effect of the foam, which causes vasoconstriction and therefore reduces blood flow and stops bleeding. The vasoconstricting effect is also useful in localising the effects of local anaesthetics, so that the compsns. are also useful as carriers for local anaesthetic agents.
The incidence of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1D) has tripled in the last thirty years, and T1D is associated with a lifelong increase of considerable morbidity and mortality compared to healthy subjects. As the increased T1D incidence is primarily observed in subjects who are not genetically predisposed, environmental factors including altered diet, antibiotic use as well as mode of birth have been suggested to play a role, and these factors have invariably been linked to changes in the gut microbiome. Indeed, an altered composition of the faecal microbiota composition was observed in adolescent T1D patients. A previous study by de Groot et al. (2021) showed that faecal microbiota transplantation stops the decline in endogenous insulin production in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes patients. However, it is unknown whether this is due to an increase in beta cell mass, or increased function of the remaining beta cells.

In this study, the investigators aim to investigate whether beta cell mass (quantified by 68Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4 PET/CT imaging) is correlated to beta cell function after autologous faecal microbial transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.
The present invention provides a method of treating a medical condition associated with increased proteolytic activity of Calpain in a mammal. The method includes administering a pharmaceutical composition containing a Calpain inhibitor com-pound to the mammal in an amount that is pharmacologically effective to treat the condition. The inhibitor is a compound in one of the following groups of compounds: Peptide Keto-Compounds, Substituted Heterocyclic Compounds or Halo-Ketone Pep-tides. Examples of conditions that can be treated using the methods of the present invention include cardiac muscle tissue da-mage, cataracts, smooth muscle damage and vasospasm. The present invention also provides a method of inhibiting smooth mus-cle cell proliferation and thereby preventing the restenosis of a blood vessel which has been undergone therapeutic angioplasty. This method includes the administration of a calpain inhibitor to the blood vessel during or after the angioplasty procedure. Fur-ther, methods of blocking the establishment of the tonically contracted state in smooth muscle and relaxing tonically contracted smooth muscle are disclosed. These methods involve the administration of a calpain inhibitor, thereby reducing or preventing smooth muscle contraction associated with vasospasm and bronchospasm.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory systemic disorder of synovial joints and results in polyarthritis, chronical degeneration, and finally deformities and ankylosis in severe cases. Synovitis and pannus formation are results of inflammatory changes and lead into restriction in joint movement. Shoulders are among the later affected and larger joints and formation of synovitis in early active stages and pannus in later stages might be concluded with frozen shoulder and severe impairment in functionality. These late-term changes cannot be controlled with systemic or local anti-inflammatory agents and synovectomy is chosen in some cases. However, the results are not satisfactory and recurrence is common. In this case report, we presented a case of RA with severe shoulder pain, restricted movement due to synovial hypertrophy, and pannus formation which are resistant to local and systemic interventions and not suitable for surgical or chemical synovectomy. Microwave ablation (MWA) was performed successfully without any complication and she well responded in terms of DAS-28, functional, and pain scores. Range of motion and funcitonal restriction were recovered. This case report describes the use and promising results of MWA in RA with severe synovial hypertrophy and pannus formation even in the absence of active arthritis and effusion. MWA is a safe and minimally invasive technique that can be easily performed in coordinance of rheumatologists and interventional radiologists in proper cases.
BACKGROUND: Chronic stress can induce stress-related hormones; norepinephrine (NE) is considered to have the highest potential in cancer. NE can stimulate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which is associated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion and tumor angiogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.
METHODS: Tumor-bearing mice were subjected to chronic restraint stress and treated with normal saline, human monoclonal VEGF-A neutralizing antibody bevacizumab, or β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) antagonist (propranolol). Tumor growth and vessel density were also evaluated. Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells were treated with NE, propranolol, or the inhibitor of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptor Type I kinase (Ly2157299) in vitro. TGF-β1 in mouse serum and cell culture supernatants was quantified using ELISA. The expression of HIF-1α was measured using Real time-PCR and western blotting. Cell migration and invasion were tested.
RESULTS: Chronic restraint stress attenuated the efficacy of bevacizumab and promoted tumor growth and angiogenesis in a colorectal tumor model. Propranolol blocked this effect and inhibited TGF-β1 elevation caused by chronic restraint stress or NE. NE upregulated HIF-1α expression, which was reversed by propranolol or Ly2157299. Propranolol and Ly2157199 blocked NE-stimulated cancer cell migration and invasion.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate the effect of NE on tumor angiogenesis and the critical role of TGF-β1 signaling during this process. In addition, β-AR/TGF-β1 signaling/HIF-1α/VEGF is a potential signaling pathway. This study also indicates that psychosocial stress might be a risk factor which weakens the efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy.
A circuit board, copper-clad on both sides to 5 to 12 microns thickness, is drilled and the sides of the holes electrolessly plated with copper. The whole board is then electrolytically flash-plated with copper. A negative mask of a desired conductor pattern is printed on both faces and the conductor tracks and sides of the holes are copper plated to a slightly greater thickness than eventually desired. Selected areas of the tracks, including the walls and mouths of the holes are then electrolytically solder plated, using a second mask. Finally both masks are removed and the copper etched to remove the unplated parts of the initial copper layer and leave the desired tracks and holes which are through-plated with solder. As a modification, the circuit board is initially unclad and is subjected to the electroless and flash- plating steps after being drilled and coated with adhesive.
The use of technological devices such as computers, tablets and smartphones is increasing day by day all over the world. With the widespread use of these high-tech devices and the internet in the last 20 years, digital games have become popular as a leisure activity, especially among children and adolescents. Although digital games provide cognitive, social and emotional benefits such as improving hand-eye coordination, three-dimensional thinking, coping with stress, increasing decision-making speed and facilitating learning, excessive digital gaming can lead to psychosocial and medical problems. One of the most important problems that may develop as a result of uncontrolled use of online and offline games is digital game addiction.

Considering the addiction of digital games, it is very important to raise awareness and awareness of both children and their parents in order to protect children from the risks of digital games and to ensure that they play the games they play in a controlled manner. One of the important methods of raising awareness is to provide training to individuals on the subject for which awareness is desired. In this regard, this research was planned to examine the effect of digital game addiction awareness training on creating and increasing awareness of digital game addiction in the parents of secondary school students.
Patients receive atezolizumab IV over 60 minutes and tiragolumab IV over 20-75 minutes and 14-19 days later, undergo surgical resection. Following surgery, patients may receive tiragolumab IV and atezolizumab IV on day 1 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 21 days for up to 2 years in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Additionally, patients undergo MRI at baseline, 24-72 hours after surgery, then every 9 weeks until progression and blood sample collection throughout the study.
It is increasingly being recognized that infants and children living at northern latitudes are at risk of vitamin D deficiency, especially if their skin is darkly pigmented. The study by the PI (Pediatrics 2006;118:603) was the first to demonstrate that infants with light skin pigmentation living at 41 degrees north are at risk of vitamin D deficiency. During winter (December - April) a full 78% of infants were vitamin D deficient if they did not receive vitamin D from an external source. Very few breastfed babies are currently receiving supplemental vitamin D. The recommended dose is 200 IU/day. However, there are questions about the adequacy of this dose of vitamin D for the prevention of vitamin D deficiency. The present trial is designed to determine whether a dose of 200 IU/day is effective or whether doses of 400 IU/day, 600 IU/day or 800 IU/day are required to prevent vitamin D deficiency reliably.

The trial is a randomized, prospective double-blind trial in which breastfed infants will receive 200 IU/day or 400 IU/day or 600 IU/day or 800 IU/day from 1 to 9 months of age. There will not be a placebo control group. Infants will be followed through 12 months of age. Normal term infants (birth weight \>2500 g) who are born in June through November will be enrolled and randomized at 1 month of age. They will visit the study center at monthly intervals and will have capillary blood drawn at select ages. At 2 months and again in March or April whole body mineral content will be determined by DEXA. Infants will not be permitted to receive formula until 9 months of age. They may receive complementary foods beginning at 4 months of age. Vitamin D supplements will be weighed before dispensing and again when the empty and half-empty containers are returned. Study endpoints will be blood parameters and bone mineral content determined at the end of winter, i.e., between March and May 15. Blood parameters include 25-OHD, parathyroid hormone, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, N-telopeptide, ferritin and transferrin receptor. 180 infants will be enrolled at 1 month of age in the expectation that 48 per group will complete the trial to at least 9 months of age.