anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A spatial light modulator (SLM) has electrically controllable microelectromechanical reflectors arranged in a chain-like manner along an axis such that an optical beam propagates by reflection from an input down the chain to an output. Each reflector can be moved to a selected one of a number of discrete switching positions. The position determines the angle at which the beam is reflected toward the next reflector in the chain. The combination of positions in which the reflectors are oriented is determinative of the angle at which the signal exits the output. The SLM can be included in a switch. An SLM in the input section of the switch can be adjusted to direct the beam such that it impinges upon a selected switch output. Multiple SLMs can be included in an array to provide a cross-connect or crossbar switch.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a nucleic acid construct comprising a targeted moiety(T.M.), a nucleic acid(N.A.) and a payload.  <P>SOLUTION: A targeted construct is provided, comprising a targeting moiety, a nucleic acid and a payload. In this construct, the payload can be a detectable label or curative agent, and the nucleic acid can be an antisense molecule that is complementary to RNA present in a target cell. This targeted construct can be used to introduce the payload into a target cell in vivo or in vitro. Therefore, this targeted construct is a targeted oligonucleotide construct that can be used for diagnostic purposes and for curative purposes and comprises a targeted moiety localized at a certain site in an organism, a nucleic acid complementary to a target nucleic acid, and a detectable label.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Biased signaling, also known as functional selectivity, has emerged as an important concept in drug development targeting G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Drugs that provoke biased signaling are expected to offer an opportunity for enhanced therapeutic effectiveness with minimized side effects. Opioid analgesics, whilst exerting potent pain-relieving effects, have become a social problem owing to their serious side effects. For the development of safer pain medications, there has been extensive exploration of agonists with a distinct balance of G-protein and β-arrestin (βarr) signaling. Recently, several approaches based on protein-protein interactions have been developed to precisely evaluate individual signal pathways, paving the way for the comprehensive analysis of biased signals. In this review, we describe an overview of bias signaling in opioid receptors, especially the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), and how to evaluate signaling bias in the GPCR field. We also discuss future directions for rational drug development through the integration of diverse signal datasets.
In the active intervention phase, patients participate twice a week in a equine assisted group therapy, while during the control phase they participate twice a week in a group that includes a non-specific and general activity program. After 15 therapy units in a study phase, the subjects will complete the 15 units of the other study phase (within-subject-design). All participants complete both study phases, with the order being randomized.
PURPOSE:A melanin inhibitor, containing a specific cinnamic acid derivative as an active constituent, and having a high safety without unrecognized development of irritancy nor allergy to the skin, etc. CONSTITUTION:A melanin inhibitor containing a compound of the formula (R' is 2-8C acyl; R is H, 1-6C alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkenyl), e.g. methyl p-acetyloxycinnamate, as an active constituent. Preferably, the compound of the formula is incorporated in the inhibitor in an amount of 0.01-50wt%, particularly 1- 20wt% based on nonvolatile components in the inhibitor. Furthermore, the addition of allantoin, glycyrrhizin, coix seed or extracts of various plants, etc. improves the inhibitory effect on melanin, and the addition of an ultraviolet light absorbing substance provides a melanin inhibitor having both the preventing and remedial effects on sunburn. The inhibitor is applied locally to a liver spot, ephelis and pigmented site after sunburn of the skin to treat and improve the site and return the site to the normal color of the skin.
The invention discloses a polypeptide and a preparation method and application thereof. The polypeptide has an amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID NO. 1. The polypeptide has effects of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the polypeptide, which comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out enzymolysis; (2) adsorption chromatography; (3) molecular sieve chromatography and the like. The product obtained by the method has high purity of polypeptide.
This was a randomized unblinded single-centre trial without masked evaluation of the main outcome.The authors decided to compare pancreatoduodenectomy with antrectomy versus pancreatoduodenectomy with pyloric preservation. The primary aim of this randomized clinical trial was to determine whether pancreatoduodenectomy with pyloric preservation is associated with a lower incidence and severity of delayed gastric emptying. Secondary endpoints were postoperative complications, postoperative mortality and duration of hospital stay. Patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy were randomized to undergo one of two types of gastroenteric anastomosis for reconstruction. Analytical parameters such as C-reactive protein, prealbumin, and albumin; as well as anthropometric measures (mean) as preoperative arm circumference mean and tricipital skinfold mean were registered preoperatively, at 5th week, and at 6th mounth. Scintigraphic study had performed following a specific protocol for gastric emptying. At the end, quality of life was also analized with a quality of life questionnaire (QLPAN26) preoperativelly and postoperatively.
Patients received autologous MNC transplantation. Bone marrow aspirates are harvested from the anterior iliac crest of the patients under general or local anesthesia. MNCs are isolated by density gradient centrifugation. The cell suspension was adjusted to a final volume of 6-20 ml with saline. The cell suspension was injected into expanded skin intradermally via a 27-gauge needle (approximately 0.5-1×10\^6 cells/cm2).
The objective of this proposal is to advance the mission of improving the health and well-being of older Americans by augmenting ongoing dementia prevention and treatment initiatives. It undertakes research on dementia associated with both normal aging and AD. A new scientist will develop a novel and powerful human brain antioxidant assay using state-of-the art instrumentation. The approach will be translated to the clinical environment so that it can be disseminated for use with new research. Specifically, the concentrations of two important antioxidants, ascorbate (Asc) and glutathione (GSH) will be measured noninvasively in the human brain. One aim is to measure whether a recent finding of lower brain GSH concentration in the occipital cortex of cognitively normal elder subjects is also found in the posterior cingulate cortex, and whether human brain Asc homeostasis persists in both brain regions. A complementary specific aim is to determine whether lower brain GSH concentration also occurs under the oxidative stress associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). At the same time, data measured in subjects with AD have potential to advance this powerful new technology toward discovering an early stage biomarker. A sub aim is to make this technology available to a wide range of physicians and investigators. As such, data processing will be fully automated using commercially available software. This novel noninvasive technology facilitates a paradigm shift from systemic assays to quantifying antioxidants directly in the affected brain region. The approach will take advantage of state of the art 7 T instrumentation while developing analogous methods on a clinical 3 T scanner. The process of optimizing magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) for quantification of brain Asc and GSH concentrations necessitated reliable quantification of an extensive neurochemical profile (i.e. 19 brain metabolites), which includes the four compounds that are typically observed. Spectra acquired in stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) will be de-convolved quantitatively into contributions from the metabolites that contribute discernable resonances using a linear combination model approach (LCModel). Reliable quantification of brain GSH and Asc concentrations will first be achieved using ultra high field MRS with multiple transmit coil technology and accompanying radiofrequency (B1) shimming, then translated to a lower field clinical platform. Successful completion will determine whether low brain glutathione concentration is widespread in the elder human brain and whether this difference is exacerbated by AD.
Hypertrophic scarring is a major source of morbidity. Sex hormones are not classically considered modulators of scarring. However, based on increased frequency of hypertrophic scarring in patients on testosterone, we hypothesized that androgenic steroids induce abnormal scarring and developed a preclinical porcine model to explore these effects. Mini-swine underwent castration, received no testosterone (noT) or biweekly testosterone therapy (+T), and underwent excisional wounding. To create a delayed wound healing model, a subset of wounds were re-excised at 2 weeks. Scars from postoperative day 42 (POD42) and delayed wounds (POD28) were harvested 6 weeks after initial wounding for analysis via histology, bulk RNA-seq, and mechanical testing. Histologic analysis of scars from +T animals showed increased mean fibrosis area (16 mm2noT, 28 mm2+T; p = .007) and thickness (0.246 mm2noT, 0.406 mm2+T; p < .001) compared to noT. XX+T and XY+T scars had greater tensile burst strength (p = .024 and p = .013, respectively) compared to noT swine. Color deconvolution analysis revealed greater deposition of type I and type III collagen as well as increased collagen type I:III ratio in +T scars. Dermatopathologist histology scoring showed that +T exposure was associated with worse overall scarring (p < .05). Gene ontology analysis found that testosterone exposure was associated with upregulation of cellular metabolism and immune response gene sets, while testosterone upregulated pathways related to keratinization and laminin formation on pathway analysis. In conclusion, we developed a preclinical porcine model to study the effects of the sex hormone testosterone on scarring. Testosterone induces increased scar tissue deposition and appears to increase physical strength of scars via supraphysiologic deposition of collagen and other ECM factors. The increased burst strength seen in both XX and XY animals suggests that hormone administration has a strong influence on scar mechanical properties independent of chromosomal sex. Anti-androgen topical therapies may be a promising future area of research.
Patients who will discontinue inhibitor-ADP for 5 days before surgery, and must be operated on the first working day after completing the 5 days without the drug. This group will have its aggregability evaluated by platelet function testing (Multiplate ADP®) immediately before the transport to the operating room.
Intravenous ethacrynate sodium for injection is for intravenous use when oral intake is impractical or in urgent conditions, such as acute pulmonary edema.

The usual intravenous dose for the average sized adult is 50 mg, or 0.5 mg to 1 mg per kg of body weight. Usually only one dose has been necessary; occasionally a second dose at a new injection site, to avoid possible thrombophlebitis, may be required. A single intravenous dose not exceeding 100 mg has been used in critical situations.

Insufficient pediatric experience precludes recommendation for this age group.

To reconstitute the dry material, add 50 mL of 5 percent Dextrose Injection, or Sodium Chloride Injection to the vial. Occasionally, some 5 percent Dextrose Injection solutions may have a low pH (below 5). The resulting solution with such a diluent may be hazy or opalescent. Intravenous use of such a solution is not recommended. Inspect the vial containing intravenous ethacrynate sodium for injection for particulate matter and discoloration before use.

The solution may be given slowly through the tubing of a running infusion or by direct intravenous injection over a period of several minutes. Do not mix this solution with whole blood or its derivatives. Discard unused reconstituted solution after 24 hours.

Ethacrynate sodium for injection should not be given subcutaneously or intramuscularly because of local pain and irritation.
Refractory glaucoma is glaucoma that doesn't respond favorably to surgical and/or medical treatment to lower intraocular pressure. It can include primary open angle glaucoma, primary angle closure glaucoma, neovascular glaucoma or silicone oil-induced glaucoma. Cyclophotocoagulation (CPC) is a form of cycloablation using laser to treat glaucoma. It involves ciliary body destruction by targeting the ciliary epithelium and stroma, resulting in a reduction in aqueous secretion and hence intraocular pressure. Transscleral cyclophotocoagulation using a continuous diode laser has been a treatment option in advanced glaucoma cases with s¬¬uboptimal IOP control, for a long time. High treatment energy used by diode laser cyclophotocoagulation was argued to be associated with increased frequency of serious complications such as vision loss, hypotony, and phthisis. These concerns necessitate modulation of the parameters of laser treatment used.

Micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC), which is a variation of conventional continuous-wave CPC, has emerged as an attractive alternative for the treatment of many types of glaucoma. It breaks the continuous wave laser into multiple short and repetitive pulses that allow the tissue to cool down between applications, thus reducing thermal damage. This strategy delivers very short energy pulses followed by rest periods, which is known as "duty cycle" and is defined as the ratio of time that a laser is delivering energy vs resting (ON/OFF). For this procedure, an infrared diode laser is used to stimulate the ciliary body structures and the uveoscleral pathway. This way it reduces the production of the aqueous humour and facilitates the uveoscleral outflow, with IOP reduction as a final effect.

Despite promising results, only few clinical studies are published on MP-TSCPC and most of them are retrospective studies refer to patients having previous continuous wave transscleral cyclophotocoagulation. Moreover, Several parameters and protocols have been studied in other reports in an attempt to refine the standard technique aiming to improve the outcomes without increasing the adverse effects.
A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) is a membrane-tethered protease that triggers multiple signaling pathways. It releases active forms of the primary inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and cancer-implicated epidermal growth factor (EGF) family growth factors. iRhom2, a rhomboid-like, membrane-embedded pseudoprotease, is an essential cofactor of ADAM17. Here, we present cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of the human ADAM17/iRhom2 complex in both inactive and active states. These reveal three regulatory mechanisms. First, exploiting the rhomboid-like hallmark of TMD recognition, iRhom2 interacts with the ADAM17 TMD to promote ADAM17 trafficking and enzyme maturation. Second, a unique iRhom2 extracellular domain unexpectedly retains the cleaved ADAM17 inhibitory prodomain, safeguarding against premature activation and dysregulated proteolysis. Finally, loss of the prodomain from the complex mobilizes the ADAM17 protease domain, contributing to its ability to engage substrates. Our results reveal how a rhomboid-like pseudoprotease has been repurposed during evolution to regulate a potent membrane-tethered enzyme, ADAM17, ensuring the fidelity of inflammatory and growth factor signaling.
Patients receive pembrolizumab IV as in Arm A. Patients undergo 1 SRS fraction between days 2-3 of course 1.
Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) is a 12-session cognitive-behavioral treatment for persons with PTSD. It is a gold-standard cognitive behavioral intervention designed to target PTSD symptoms.
Enterically administrable diagnostic compositions for investigating alimentary functions comprising multiple units of a size of at the most 5 mm, preferably between 0.5 and 1.3 mm, in particular between 0.7 and 1.0 mm, each unit comprising a tracer substance binding agent (such as an ion exchange resin) with which a radioactive tracer substance with a half-life of at the most 5 days, in particular  99m  Tc,  113m  ln,  111  ln and  129  Cs, is associated. The tracer substance binding agent is being formulated with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, in particular granulating excipients, in such a way that the exposure of the gastrointestinal mucosa to the tracer substance binding agent is reduced and that the units do not disintegrate during the passage through the gastrointestinal tract. Preferred units comprise cross-sectionally substantially homogeneous multi-component cores in which the tracer substance binding agent is granulated with one or more excipients and which are optionally coated. 
     Preferred units comprise cross-sectionally substantially homogeneous multi-component cores made by granulating the tracer-binding agent surface properties. Tracer substances are normally present in an amount from about 2 to about 20% by weight, preferably from about 5 to about 10% by weight, calculated on the units. Due to low leaching and the non-disintegrating properties, the composition can be used to investigate gastric emptying also of the last 20% of a food bolus, cf. FIG. 2 which illustrates the average gastric emptying pattern for 7 healthy volunteers (A) compared to the emptying from a person with the "Giesskannen" phenomenon (B).
Participants will receive treatment A (2\*50 milligram \[mg\] tramadol hydrochloride \[HCl\] immediate release \[IR\] tablet + 1 tramadol HCl placebo every 6 hours on Days 1, 2, and 3, along with single dose of 2\*50 mg tramadol HCl IR tablet + 1 tramadol HCl placebo + 1 moxifloxacin placebo on Day 4); treatment B (3\*50 mg tramadol HCl IR tablet every 6 hours on Days 1, 2, and 3, along with single dose of 3\*50 mg tramadol HCl IR tablet + 1 moxifloxacin placebo on Day 4); treatment C (3 tramadol HCl placebo every 6 hours on Days 1, 2, and 3, along with single dose of 3 tramadol HCl placebo + 1 moxifloxacin placebo on Day 4); and treatment D (3 tramadol HCl placebo every 6 hours on Days 1, 2, and 3, along with single dose of 3 tramadol HCl placebo + 1 moxifloxacin placebo on Day 4) in 4 treatment periods as per protocol defined sequence. A washout period of 7 to 15 days will be maintained between each treatment period.
According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 330 patients with CAD between the ages of 40 and 80 years were recruited from the inpatient cardiology department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Informed consent was obtained from each participant after explaining the study protocols. Patients were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: control group (n=110), morning walking group (n=110) or evening walking group (n=110). The control group was requested to maintain their usual level of physical activity. Participants in both walking groups were requested to walk at the speed of 2.5 miles/h for 30 min/day or more on at least 5 days/week for a period of 12 weeks. The protocol of exercise was identical, while the difference between the two groups was that one group was asked for walking in the morning and the other group walking in the evening. Each participant was telephoned at least once a week to ensure the adherence to the exercise program. Patients were called back every month to understand the information about walking and medication use. In the intervention groups, subjects whose compliance rate with their respectively walking program were less than 85% were excluded in the analysis. Additionally, all the participants were given an advice on quitting smoking and were provided with similar diets by a nutritionist, as to caloric intake and nutrients. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein a, white blood cell count and platelet count, fibrinogen were measured before and after the intervention.

The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normal distribution of all continuous variables. The values of normal distribution were expressed as mean±SD, and non-normal distribution data were presented as median (interquartile range). Baseline differences between groups were determined by one-way analysis of variance and chi-square analyses. Baseline and follow-up values within each group were compared using the paired t test. General linear models were used to adjust the differences in baseline values for dependent variables. And two-way ANOVA was used for determination of the improvements of lipids and inflammatory markers in three groups. The significance level was defined as P\<0.05. All analyses were carried out using SPSS version 13.
The present invention relates to the technical field of medicine. Disclosed is application of c-Kit as an addiction diagnosis and monitoring marker and an addiction treatment target. Molecular detection technologies such as immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence and targeted molecular imaging technologies are used in the present invention to prove that acute morphine administration can significantly enhance the phosphorylation expression of the c-kit protein in the nucleus accumbens regions of rats. It is found by using a mouse conditioned place preference animal model for evaluating drug addiction that a c-kit inhibitor, imatinib mesylate, can effectively prevent the occurrence of morphine addiction and relapse thereof. Therefore, c-Kit can be used as a drug addiction diagnosis marker for preparing monitoring biomarkers for diagnosing drug addiction, treatment, and relapse prevention. The present invention provides application of c-Kit as a behavioral addiction treatment target in screening drugs for the treatment of behavioral addiction and non-drug treatment technologies, the drugs for the treatment of behavioral addiction being drugs that inhibit c-Kit. The present invention provides a maintenance treatment target for etiology for the treatment of behavioral addiction, and is expected to achieve radical treatment of behavioral addiction as well as prevention and treatment of relapse.