anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the relative efficacy and safety of calcineurin inhibitor (CNI), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and azathioprine (AZA) as maintenance therapies for lupus nephritis.
METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the efficacy and safety of CNI, MMF, and AZA as maintenance therapies in patients with lupus nephritis were included. We performed a Bayesian random-effects network meta-analysis to combine the direct and indirect evidence from RCTs.
RESULTS: Ten RCTs comprising 884 patients were included in the study. Although the difference was not statistically significant, MMF showed a trend toward a lower relapse rate compared with AZA (odds ratio [OR] 0.72, 95% credible interval [CrI] 0.45-1.22). Similarly, tacrolimus showed a trend toward a lower relapse rate compared with AZA (OR 0.85, 95% CrI 0.34-2.00). Ranking probability based on the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) indicated that MMF had the highest probability of being the best treatment based on the relapse rate, followed by CNI and AZA. The incidence of leukopenia in the MMF and CNI groups was significantly lower than that in the AZA group (OR 0.12, 95% CrI 0.04-0.34; OR 0.16, 95% CrI 0.04-0.50; respectively). Fewer patients with infections were observed in the MMF group than in the AZA group, although the difference was not statistically significant. The analysis of withdrawals due to adverse events showed a similar pattern.
CONCLUSION: Lower relapse rates combined with a more favorable safety profile suggest that CNI and MMF are superior to AZA as maintenance treatments in lupus nephritis patients.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of phenytoin on smoked cocaine-base self-administration using our laboratory self-administration model. A total of 12 patients randomized, 6 to phenytoin and 6 to placebo treatment group. There were 2 phases in this 10-day inpatient study. Phase 1 subjects underwent one cocaine self-admin session. Randomization took place at the start of Phase 2, Day 4 where subjects received either placebo or phenytoin. The subjects assigned to phenytoin treatment received an oral loading dose (20mg/kg) aimed at achieving plasma phenytoin concentration of (10-20 mg/L). During Phase 2, subjects had the opportunity to self-administer cocaine on Days 5, 7, and 9. The plasma phenytoin levels were expected to decrease gradually during Phase 2 which provided an opportunity to study the effect of decreasing phenytoin plasma concentrations on cocaine self-administration.
BACKGROUND: Herpes zoster is a common disease that can affect men and women at any age. Sensory neuropathy is the most common complication while motor neuropathy of the abdominal muscles is rare complication appearing in ~ 0.7% of patients. Furthermore, visceral nerve involvement causing gastroparesis is an extremely rare postherpetic complication. We present an extremely rare case of acute gastric dilatation with segmented abdominal paresis as a rare manifestation of herpes zoster infection.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 91-year-old Asian man was admitted to hospital with 2-day history of vomiting and left abdominal protrusion. He was previously treated for a rash on the left abdominal wall as herpes zoster infection with oral valaciclovir 2 weeks prior. On physical examination, characteristic herpes zoster rash scars and an ipsilateral abdominal bulge were observed on the left side. Computed tomography revealed no abdominal wall defect, mass, or stenosis. Remarkable distension of the stomach, asymmetrical left flank wall bulge, and a thinner abdominal wall on the left compared with the right side were shown. He was diagnosed as acute gastric dilatation owing to gastroparesis and segmental paresis of the abdominal musculature associated with herpes zoster infection. The patient showed significant improvement in symptoms and abdominal paresis within a month of conservative treatment, including nasogastric tube decompression and mosapride administration.
CONCLUSION: Acute gastric dilatation with abdominal paresis is an extremely rare complication of herpes zoster infection, and to date there have been no reports in the literature. It alerts us that, when examining patients with abdominal bulge, we should be conscious of this rare pathology for the optical diagnosis, avoiding unnecessary invasive examination or surgical exploration.
There are several early intervention programs that are available for children with emotional, behavioral and developmental disorders, ranging from behavioral treatment and sensory exposure therapy to pharmaceutical treatments. Although improvements in behavior have resulted from these interventions, they are limited in numerous ways. They are usually time-consuming, both for the child and the teacher or clinician providing the intervention. In order to see an effect of the intervention, most children must engage in the intervention procedure for several years. Moreover, the effects of most current intervention procedures are minimal to moderate. Pharmaceutical prescriptions are often accompanied by undesirable side effects that may modulate behavior, emotion, and physiological functions. The behavioral, neurobiological, and clinical insights gained from this project may eventually lead to better treatment of emotional, behavioral and developmental disorders.
A bioactive bone mineral carbonated nano-crystalline apatite is chemically bonded to a variety of substrates, including implantable prostheses. This coating is applied uniformly to substrate surfaces of varying geometry and surface textures. It is firmly secured to the substrate and encourages rapid and effective bone ingrowth. The coating is applied by immersing the substrate in an aqueous solution containing calcium, phosphate and carbonate ions. Other ions, such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, chloride, sulfate, and silicate, may optionally be present in the solution. The solution is exposed in a controlled environment when it reacts with the substrate to form the coating.
Postmarketing cases of symptomatic bradycardia and cases requiring pacemaker intervention have been reported when amiodarone is coadministered with a sofosbuvir-containing regimen. A fatal cardiac arrest was reported in a patient taking amiodarone who was coadministered a sofosbuvir-containing regimen (HARVONI® [ledipasvir/sofosbuvir]). Bradycardia has generally occurred within hours to days, but cases have been observed up to 2 weeks after initiating HCV treatment. Patients also taking beta blockers, or those with underlying cardiac comorbidities and/or advanced liver disease may be at increased risk for symptomatic bradycardia with coadministration of amiodarone. Bradycardia generally resolved after discontinuation of HCV treatment. The mechanism for this effect is unknown.

Coadministration of amiodarone with sofosbuvir and velpatasvir is not recommended. For patients taking amiodarone who have no other alternative viable treatment options and who will be coadministered sofosbuvir and velpatasvir:

  * Counsel patients about the risk of symptomatic bradycardia.
  * Cardiac monitoring in an in-patient setting for the first 48 hours of coadministration is recommended, after which outpatient or self-monitoring of the heart rate should occur on a daily basis through at least the first 2 weeks of treatment.



Patients who are taking sofosbuvir and velpatasvir who need to start amiodarone therapy due to no other alternative viable treatment options should undergo similar cardiac monitoring as outlined above.

Due to amiodarone's long half-life, patients discontinuing amiodarone just prior to starting sofosbuvir and velpatasvir should also undergo similar cardiac monitoring as outlined above.

Patients who develop signs or symptoms of bradycardia should seek medical evaluation immediately. Symptoms may include near-fainting or fainting, dizziness or lightheadedness, malaise, weakness, excessive tiredness, shortness of breath, chest pains, confusion, or memory problems [see Adverse Reactions (6.2) and Drug Interactions (7.3)].
Despite major reductions in mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT), young pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV remain a vulnerable group and experience the greatest risk of disengagement from services and suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIV-related and intersectional stigmas are major barriers to uptake and retention in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services and drive suboptimal adherence, and young women experience unique stigmas. Despite this, there are no evidence-based interventions to combat stigma and improve ART outcomes in this group. Peer support group interventions have shown promise in other populations, but have not been examined in young pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV. The investigators are conducting a pilot study of a peer support intervention to mitigate the negative effects of stigma in young pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV in South Africa. Participants will be allocated to the standard of care, in which no standardized peer support groups exist for this patient population, or to a peer support intervention.
The participants in this group will receive education on sleep hygiene. The treatment duration, frequency, and telephone follow-up schedule for the SHE group will be the same as the self-administered acupressure group (2 sessions, 2 hours each). Sleep hygiene education is often used as a comparison group in randomized controlled trials of self-help and psychological interventions for insomnia. The SHE group will provide subjects with the same amount of contact hours with the healthcare professional (instructor) in order to control the non-specific effects of practitioner-patient interaction in the self-administered acupressure group.
Some 50% of Finnish Lynch Syndrome (LS) cases are caused by a founder variant in MLH1, in which the entire exon 16 has been lost due to an Alu-mediated recombination event. We piloted detecting the variant in FinnGen, a large genotyped cohort comprising approximately 10% of the current Finnish population, and validated the MLH1 founder variant status of identified individuals residing in the Central Finland Biobank catchment area. A consensus sequence flanking the deletion was identified in whole genome sequences of six LS individuals with the founder variant. Genotype data of 212,196 individuals was queried for regional matches to the consensus sequence. Enrichment of cancer and age at cancer onset was compared between matching and non-matching individuals. Variant status was validated for a subset of the identified individuals using a polymerase chain reaction assay. Allelic matches in a chosen target region was detected in 348 individuals, with 89 having a cancer diagnosis (Bonferroni-adjusted p-value = 1), 20 a familial cancer history (p-adj. < .001), with mean age of onset of cancer being 53.6 years (p-adj. = .002). Eighteen of potential variant carriers had been sampled by the Central Finland Biobank, of which four (22%) were validated as true variant carriers. The workflow we have employed identifies MLH1 exon 16 deletion variant carriers from population-wide SNP genotyping data. An alternative design will be sought to limit false positive findings. Large genotyped cohorts provide a potential resource for identification and prevention of hereditary cancer.
Patients receive venetoclax PO QD on days 1-28 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 19 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo CT or MRI and blood sample collection throughout the study. Patients may undergo bone marrow biopsy and/or aspiration on study.
The product contains vital microorganisms, has increased quantity of free amino acids, high energy value and is assimilated more easily by the ordinary non-gluten-containing dough products. It is in the form of dry powder product containing cows' low-lactose-containing wholesome or skimmed milk, yoghurt ferment - L. delbrueckii spp. bulgaricus and Str. thermophilus, rice flour and/or maize starch , sweetener - fructose or aspartam. The milk component comprises from 90 to 98% of the mass of the dry product, the rice flower from 0 to 12%, the maize starch from 0 to 25%, fructose from 0 to 8%, aspartam from 0 to 0.5%. It is prepared for one meal consumption, and about 25 g (3 standard teaspoons) are mixed in such a quantity of water or any other suitable and preferred liquid until the production of the desired thickness. It can also be consumed in dry state. 1 claim
Participants will receive 175, 263, 350 or 525 mg eq. (\[paliperidone palmitate\] mg equivalent \[to paliperidone\]) long acting formulation of paliperidone palmitate every 3 months (PP3M) intramuscular injection for 24 Weeks.
This is a Phase II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 120 males and non-pregnant females, 18 to 49 years old, inclusive, who are in good health and meet all eligibility criteria. This clinical trial will be conducted at 3 United States sites and is designed to assess the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of two priming doses of M-001 followed by a seasonal quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4). The duration of this trial for each subject will be approximately 7 months. The entire study duration will be approximately 24 months. The primary objectives are: 1) To assess the safety as measured by vaccine related adverse events, reactogenicity, and laboratory adverse events of two doses of M-001 vaccine, each dose administered approximately 21 days apart; and 2) To assess the T cell responses to M-001 component peptides following two doses of M-001. The secondary objectives are: 1) To assess all serious adverse events (SAEs) following receipt of each dose of M-001 vaccine or placebo, each dose separated by approximately 21 days, through the end of the study; 2) To assess all unsolicited non-serious AEs following receipt of each dose of M-001 or placebo, each dose separated by approximately 21 days, through 21 days after each dose of M-001 or placebo; and 3) To assess the serum HAI and Neut antibody responses to the 2018-2019 IIV4 vaccine viruses.
The patients of the CVID-IVIgG, polyclonal IgG infusion, group are studied five weeks from their last therapeutic polyclonal IgG i.v. infusion (IVIgG). On the mornings of day 0, vascular reactivity of the brachial artery, assessed as Flow mediated dilation (FMD), is measured and blood collected for biochemistry (baseline). Immediately after the FMD measurements and the blood collection, the 24 patients receive half dose of IVIgG necessary to treat their disease (400 mg/kg body weight in 10% solution). Twenty-four hours later, before infusing the second half of the dose of the IVIgG, vascular reactivity is again measured and blood collected. Vascular reactivity is again measured 1, 2, and 3 weeks after the first IVIgG infusion.
Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a comprehensive approach to the management of patients with chronic lung disease that encompasses exercise, education, and psychosocial support. The development of PR programs began in the mid-20th century with the appreciation that exercise provided real benefit in chronic lung disease and that effective disease management involved patient education focused on medications, lifestyle changes, and lifelong regular exercise. Initially PR was primarily facility-based, but today PR is extending into the home with telemedicine, and this is encouraging a real partnership of patients and professionals supporting self-management. The evidence base supporting PR as a safe and effective modality has grown exponentially over the last 4 decades, and PR is strongly endorsed by virtually all the major professional societies. Importantly, PR has also clearly been shown to be cost-effective. Challenges remain, however. Access is still very limited for a variety of reason (logistics, financial, patient motivation) that need to be addressed. More focused and personalized exercise programs and monitoring strategies that encourage a patient's lifetime commitment to the principles of PR need to be developed and refined. The opportunity to really impact important clinical outcomes exists with PR, and this needs to be exploited.
### Teratogenic Effects

Pregnancy Category C: Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with hydrocodone bitartrate and homatropine methylbromide. It is also not known whether hydrocodone bitartrate and homatropine methylbromide can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. Hydrocodone bitartrate and homatropine methylbromide should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.

### Nonteratogenic effects

Babies born to mothers who have been taking opioids regularly prior to delivery will be physically dependent. The withdrawal signs include irritability and excessive crying, tremors, hyperactive reflexes, increased respiratory rate, increased stools, sneezing, yawning, vomiting and fever. The intensity of the syndrome does not always correlate with the duration of maternal opioid use or dose.
Radiation options for treating early stage prostate cancer can include external radiation therapy, which is radiation given outside the body, or prostate seed implant, which is placing radioactive seeds directly into the prostate. For external beam radiation therapy, treatment can last up to 9 weeks. Treatment is given daily, Monday through Friday. This may not be the most convenient option for some patients.

One way to potentially overcome this challenge is to deliver a more intense dose of radiation treatment to the tumor over a shorter amount of time. Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) is a technique that treats the prostate with fewer treatments and can decrease the effect of radiation to the surrounding tissues. This study is a Phase I research study, which means that it will look at the safety of the dose of the SBRT. While SBRT itself is a standard of care method to administer radiation therapy, there has not been a specific dose outlined in the past. The aim of this study is to determine the dose that will treat the prostate cancer but cause the least amount of side effects.
The present invention relates to a kind of novelty teabag of Aleuritopteris argentea (Gmel.) Fee extract, this novelty teabag is the application of Aleuritopteris argentea (Gmel.) Fee extract in preparation treatment AIDS-treating medicine.Described Aleuritopteris argentea (Gmel.) Fee extract is prepared as follows: take Aleuritopteris argentea (Gmel.) Fee as raw material, uses 50%-90% ethanol extraction, is obtained by macroporous adsorbent resin isochromatic spectrum purification.Aleuritopteris argentea (Gmel.) Fee extract provided by the present invention is significant to preparation treatment AIDS-treating medicine.
BACKGROUND: Limb-shaking is one of the transient ischemic attacks (TIA) 'chameleons.' This literature review aims to evaluate the clinical, epidemiological profile, pathologic mechanisms, and management of limb-shaking TIA.
REVIEW SUMMARY: Relevant reports in Medline's (PubMed) database were identified and assessed by 2 reviewers without language restriction from 1985 to 2022. A total of 82 reports containing 161 cases that developed limb-shaking TIA were reported. The mean and median age were 61.36 (SD: 15.29) and 62 years (range: 4-93 y). Most of the individuals affected were males (64.34%). Limb-shaking was reported as unilateral in 83.33% of the patients. Limb-shaking presented with other neurological deficits in 44.33% of the individuals, in which the most common concurrent neurological deficit was the weakness of at least 1 limb. A recurrence of the "shaking" phenomenon was observed in 83 individuals. A trigger of limb-shaking was reported in 69 cases, and the most common was changing body position. The internal carotid artery was the most frequent vessel involved in limb-shaking. A chronically occluded internal carotid artery was observed in 42 individuals. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity. The management was conservative in 42.30% of the cases. The most frequent misdiagnoses were seizures. A full recovery was achieved in 56.60% of the individuals.
CONCLUSIONS: Limb-shaking TIA could be defined as involuntary, rhythmic, brief (<5 min), recurrent, jerky movement usually precipitated by activities that may reduce cerebral blood flow. The "shaking" phenomenon was primarily described as a manifestation of symptomatic complete internal carotid artery obstruction.
Understanding the effects of lifestyle and radiation on health is important for the health management of disaster recovery workers. International research has demonstrated the relationship between natural disasters and diseases. The lifestyle and working conditions following the Great East Japan Earthquake potentially increased the incidence of cardiovascular disease and obesity among affected individuals. The aim of this study was to analyze the body mass index (BMI) of 1,341 emergency workers who responded to the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. The BMI of each emergency worker was measured immediately after the accident and compared with that measured at the initial survey conducted 5 yr later to determine the effect of lifestyle habits on BMI. Awareness of the frequency of eating out and caloric intake helped maintain their BMI, while evacuation contributed to the increase in BMI. Prevention of obesity, which can trigger or exacerbate certain health conditions, such as heat exhaustion, infection, and cerebro-cardiovascular disease, requires diet counseling, with a focus on maintaining adequate caloric intake; moreover, special consideration should be provided to evacuated workers.
The invention provides a cyclometalated iridium complex with anti-tumor and antibacterial activities, which has a structure shown in a formula I. The cyclometalated iridium complex can induce cell autophagy and apoptosis simultaneously and has antibacterial activity. The activity experiment result shows that the complexes 1-4 have good anti-tumor and anti-bacterial activity, can induce cancer cell death by autophagy and apoptosis, especially the complexes 1 and 2, and IC of human lung cancer cell A549  50  The values were only 1.10. Mu.M and 1.93. Mu.M. Meanwhile, the complex has antibacterial effects on gram-positive bacteria staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacteria pseudomonas aeruginosa, particularly the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) values of the complexes 2 and 4 to the pseudomonas aeruginosa are both 3.125 mu M. And is capable of specifically targeting mitochondria.
Pediatric immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a fairly common bleeding disorder PRESENTING with a decreased number of platelets. The typical clinical presentation involves mild bleeding symptoms with bruising and petechiae and occasional mucosal bleeding. ITP is thought to be an autoimmune disorder and more recently other mechanisms have been described. Most cases resolve spontaneously and can undergo watchful waiting as the platelet count improves. Initially, steroids or intravenous immunoglobulin G (IVIg) can be used to increase platelets. For those cases that do not resolve and become persistent or chronic, there are multiple treatment options, with new agents being studied in adults that will hopefully make it to clinical trials in pediatrics in the future.