anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Ammonia in aquatic environments is toxic to fish, directly impacting their growth performance and development. Activation of autophagy can facilitate intracellular component renewal and enhance an organism's adaptability to adverse environments. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of autophagy on the yellow catfish under acute ammonia stress. In this study, the yellow catfish intraperitoneally injected with 0.9 % sodium chloride were placed with 0 (CON group) and 125 (HA group) mg/L T-AN (Total ammonia nitrogen) dechlorinated water. The yellow catfish intraperitoneally injected with 30 mg/kg fish CQ (Chloroquine, HA + CQ group) and 1.5 mg/kg fish RAPA (rapamycin, HA + RAPA group) were placed in dechlorinated water containing 125 mg/L T-AN. The results showed that activation of autophagy by injecting with RAPA can alleviate oxidative stress (catalase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity significantly increased, H2O2 content significantly decreased), and inflammatory response (pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, MyD88, IL 1-β gene expression decreased significantly), apoptosis (baxa, Bcl2, Tgf-β, Smad2, Caspase3, Caspase 9 gene expression decreased significantly) induced by ammonia stress. In addition, activation of autophagy in yellow catfish can enhance ammonia detoxification by promoting the urea cycle and synthesis of glutamine (the mRNA level of CPS Ⅰ, ARG, OTC, ASS, ASL, and GS increased in the HA + RAPA group). The data above demonstrates that activating autophagy can alleviate oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and cell apoptosis induced by ammonia stress. Therefore, enhancing autophagy is proposed as a potential strategy to mitigate the detrimental impacts of ammonia stress on yellow catfish.
The invention provides a method for manufacturing hydroxyl apatite from fish scale powder. A weight ratio of collagen in the powdery fish scale powder to the hydroxyl apatite is 1:2.3-19.0. The method includes respectively arranging the fish scale powder and water in a container, and stirring and grinding mixed liquid of the fish scale powder and the water; adding zinc oxide nano particles into the mixed liquid; continuously stirring and grinding the mixed liquid until the collagen in the fish scale powder is in a liquid gel state by means of hydrolysis; filtering the mixed liquid; drying the filtered mixed liquid; smashing lumpy semi-finished products to obtain the hydroxyl apatite. A weight ratio of the fish scale powder to the water is 1:1.5-9.0. A weight ratio of the zinc oxide nano particles to the fish scale powder is 1:5-30. The method has the advantage that the hydro apatite with antibacterial, odorless and low-price characteristics can be widely applied to various daily necessities, beauty products and biomedical materials.
Dimethyl Fumarate's immunomodulating mechanisms of action is to reduce inflammation-induced oxidative stress. Each consenting subject will provide approximately 30 mL of whole blood via venipuncture before and 45, 90 and 180 days after the first vaccine injection and 28-42 days after the booster vaccination (if applicable).
A process and apparatus for an animal decoy and more particularly pertains to a process for applying a photo-reproduced image to a silhouette decoy is disclosed. The animal decoy includes a body having a two sided flat surface, and a mounting stake for upright usage of the body. The body formed in the shape of a silhouette cut from a flat weather proof and light weight material. At least one side of the body receives a decoy image of a game animal shaped to match the silhouette. The resulting decoy image using the described process herein is a lenticular image, and can best be described as the decoy image coming to life. Slight movement of the body of the decoy will cause the decoy image of the present invention to appear active. Equally important, where the body is stationary, the slightest movement by the game animal viewing the decoy image displayed on the body causes the decoy image to visually alter so that the image appears active. Such effect is unique in the field of art, and effective in creating a more realistically rendered animal decoy to attract game to the hunter.
Elitek can cause serious and fatal hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis. In clinical studies, anaphylaxis was reported in <1% patients receiving Elitek. This can occur at any time during treatment including the first dose. Signs and symptoms of these reactions include bronchospasm, chest pain and tightness, dyspnea, hypoxia, hypotension, shock, and urticaria. Immediately and permanently discontinue Elitek administration in any patient developing clinical evidence of a serious hypersensitivity reaction [see Boxed Warning, Contraindications (4), Adverse Reactions (6.2)].

The safety and efficacy of Elitek have been established only for a single course of treatment once daily for 5 days.
There were 8 clinical studies performed in 382 patients to evaluate Ropivacaine hydrochloride 2 mg/mL (0.2%) for postoperative pain management after upper and lower abdominal surgery and after orthopedic surgery. The studies utilized intravascular morphine via PCA as a rescue medication and quantified as an efficacy variable.

Epidural anesthesia with Ropivacaine hydrochloride 5 mg/mL, (0.5%) was used intraoperatively for each of these procedures prior to initiation of postoperative Ropivacaine hydrochloride. The incidence and intensity of the motor block were dependent on the dose rate of Ropivacaine hydrochloride and the site of injection. Cumulative doses of up to 770 mg of ropivacaine were administered over 24 hours (intraoperative block plus postoperative continuous infusion). The overall quality of pain relief, as judged by the patients, in the ropivacaine groups was rated as good or excellent (73% to 100%). The frequency of motor block was greatest at 4 hours and decreased during the infusion period in all groups. At least 80% of patients in the upper and lower abdominal studies and 42% in the orthopedic studies had no motor block at the end of the 21-hour infusion period. Sensory block was also dose rate dependent and a decrease in spread was observed during the infusion period.

A double-blind, randomized, clinical trial compared lumbar epidural infusion of Ropivacaine Hydrochloride (n=26) and bupivacaine (n=26) at 2 mg/mL (8 mL/h), for 24 hours after knee replacement. In this study, the pain scores were higher in the Ropivacaine Hydrochloride group, but the incidence and the intensity of motor block were lower.

Continuous epidural infusion of Ropivacaine hydrochloride 2 mg/mL (0.2%) during up to 72 hours for postoperative pain management after major abdominal surgery was studied in 2 multicenter, double-blind studies. A total of 391 patients received a low thoracic epidural catheter, and Ropivacaine hydrochloride 7.5 mg/L (0.75%) was given for surgery, in combination with GA. Postoperatively, Ropivacaine hydrochloride 2 mg/mL (0.2%), 4 to 14 mL/h, alone or with fentanyl 1, 2, or 4 mcg/mL was infused through the epidural catheter and adjusted according to the patient’s needs. These studies support the use of Ropivacaine Hydrochloride 2 mg/mL (0.2%) for epidural infusion at 6 to 14 mL/h (12 to 28 mg) for up to 72 hours and demonstrated adequate analgesia with only slight and nonprogressive motor block in cases of moderate to severe postoperative pain.

Clinical studies with 2 mg/mL (0.2%) Ropivacaine hydrochloride have demonstrated that infusion rates of 6 to 14 mL (12 to 28 mg) per hour provide adequate analgesia with nonprogressive motor block in cases of moderate to severe postoperative pain. In these studies, this technique resulted in a significant reduction in patients’ morphine rescue dose requirement. Clinical experience supports the use of Ropivacaine hydrochloride injection epidural infusions for up to 72 hours.
Participants with moderate renal impairment (but not undergoing hemodialysis) will be enrolled in this arm. Participants will receive the specified dose of RO7079901.
INTRODUCTION: Ulcerative colitis (UC) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are chronic disorders with multifaceted pathogenesis, posing significant challenges in clinical management. While substantial efforts have been made to investigate the individual causes of these diseases, the interplay between UC and DKD is not well understood. This study aims to elucidate the genetic association between UC and DKD through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, offering new insights into common biological pathways and potential clinical implications.
METHODS: We conducted a bidirectional two-sample MR study utilizing data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for both UC and DKD. Instrumental variables (IVs) were meticulously selected according to genome-wide significance and stringent statistical criteria, ensuring robust causal inference. Various MR methodologies, including inverse variance weighting (IVW), were employed to assess the causal relationships between UC and DKD. Sensitivity analyses were also performed to validate the robustness of our findings.
RESULTS: Our analysis revealed a significant causal relationship between genetic predisposition to UC and increased susceptibility to DKD. Specifically, individuals with a genetic susceptibility to UC exhibited a 17.3% higher risk of developing DKD. However, we found no evidence of a causal link between DKD and the risk of developing UC. Additionally, we identified shared genetic risk factors and molecular pathways linking UC and DKD, thereby highlighting potential therapeutic targets.
DISCUSSION: This study underscores the intricate genetic interplay between UC and DKD, suggesting that individuals with UC may be at an elevated risk for developing DKD. Understanding these shared genetic pathways could facilitate the development of early detection strategies and targeted interventions for individuals at risk of DKD. Ultimately, these insights could lead to improved clinical outcomes for patients suffering from both conditions.
BACKGROUND: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy following short-term dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, no studies have compared P2Y12 inhibitor and aspirin monotherapy following short-term DAPT. We aimed to compare available strategies for DAPT duration and post-DAPT antiplatelet monotherapy following PCI.
METHODS: Seven DAPT strategies [ticagrelor or clopidogrel following 1-month DAPT, ticagrelor following 3-month DAPT, aspirin following 3-6 months of DAPT (reference strategy), aspirin or P2Y12 inhibitor following 6-18-months of DAPT, and DAPT for ≥18 months] were compared using a network meta-analysis. The primary efficacy outcome was defined as a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and stroke. The primary bleeding outcome was trial-defined major or minor bleeding.
RESULTS: Our analysis identified 25 eligible RCTs, including 89,371 patients who underwent PCI. Overall, none of the strategies negatively affected the primary efficacy outcomes. For primary bleeding outcomes, ticagrelor following 3-month DAPT was associated with a reduced risk of primary bleeding outcomes (HR 0.73; 95 % CI 0.57-0.95). Clopidogrel following 1-month DAPT was also associated with a reduced risk of primary bleeding outcomes (HR 0.54; 95 % CI 0.34-0.85), however, the strategy was associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction or stent thrombosis. Similar trends were observed among patients with acute coronary syndrome and high bleeding risk.
CONCLUSIONS: Compared with aspirin monotherapy following short-term DAPT, ticagrelor following 3-month DAPT was associated with a reduced risk of primary bleeding outcomes without increasing any ischemic outcomes.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults. Clinical presentation and disease course are highly heterogeneous. Typically, disease progression occurs over time and is characterized by the gradual accumulation of disability. The risk of developing MS is driven by complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors, including the gut microbiome. How the commensal gut microbiota impacts disease severity and progression over time remains unknown. In a longitudinal study, disability status and associated clinical features in 58 MS patients were tracked over 4.2 ± 0.98 years, and the baseline fecal gut microbiome was characterized via 16S amplicon sequencing. Progressor status, defined as patients with an increase in Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), were correlated with features of the gut microbiome to determine candidate microbiota associated with risk of MS disease progression. We found no overt differences in microbial community diversity and overall structure between MS patients exhibiting disease progression and non-progressors. However, a total of 41 bacterial species were associated with worsening disease, including a marked depletion in Akkermansia, Lachnospiraceae, and Oscillospiraceae, with an expansion of Alloprevotella, Prevotella-9, and Rhodospirillales. Analysis of the metabolic potential of the inferred metagenome from taxa associated with progression revealed enrichment in oxidative stress-inducing aerobic respiration at the expense of microbial vitamin K2 production (linked to Akkermansia), and a depletion in SCFA metabolism (linked to Oscillospiraceae). Further, as a proof of principle, statistical modeling demonstrated that microbiota composition and clinical features were sufficient to predict disease progression. Additionally, we found that constipation, a frequent gastrointestinal comorbidity among MS patients, exhibited a divergent microbial signature compared with progressor status. These results demonstrate a proof of principle for the utility of the gut microbiome for predicting disease progression in MS in a small well-defined cohort. Further, analysis of the inferred metagenome suggested that oxidative stress, vitamin K2, and SCFAs are associated with progression, warranting future functional validation and mechanistic study.
Broiler chicks are typically hatched in a hatchery, exposing them to handling and transportation before being placed on the farm where (dry) feed and water is offered. This study compared different early life systems, including: (1) typical practice (control), (2) typical practice with wet feed offered upon placement, (3) access to water at the hatchery, (4) access to feed and water at the hatchery, (5) hatching on the farm. Birds were placed in groups of approximately 500 (day 0), with six replicates per treatment. Measures were taken between placement and slaughter (day 39) and included chick quality (navel and red hock scores), body weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR), mortality, gait and litter conditions scores, and behavioral and post-mortem assessments. There were no apparent treatment effects on gait score, play behaviour or novel object test measures, and no consistent effects on litter quality. Chick quality was only evaluated in Treatments 1 and 5 and was numerically worse in Treatment 5. Body weight at slaughter was lowest in Treatment 2, and did not differ between other treatments. Overall FCR was lowest (best) in Treatment 1, and did not differ between other treatments. There was higher overall mortality in Treatments 3 and 4 than in other treatments apart from Treatment 5. Treatment 4 appeared to promote feeding behaviour upon placement, and Treatment 5 birds rested the most, significantly more than in Treatment 2. Treatment 5 birds had the greatest bursa weights, and tibial dyschondroplasia appeared worse in Treatment 4. There were no consistent effects of early access to feed and water on gastrointestinal tract weight measures at slaughter. Compared to the control, there were few benefits in providing feed and/or water in the hatchery, or wet feed. Some benefits of in-house hatching were found, but negative effects were also apparent.
The present invention relates to a medicinal composition for treating solid tumors, which belongs to the technical field of drugs. The medicinal composition contains melphalan of anticancer effective quantity and medicinal supplementary materials, wherein the medicinal supplementary materials mainly comprise high molecular biologic capacitability polymers which can be degraded and absorbed, and in the degradation and absorption processes, the melphalan can be slowly released at part of a tumor, so that the systemic toxicity reaction of the melphalan is reduced obviously. Simultaneously, the effective drug concentration can be kept at part of the tumor. The medicinal composition is put at part of the tumor, the systemic toxicity reaction of the melphalan can be reduced, and simultaneously the drug concentration of part of the tumor can be enhanced in a selective mode. The treatment effect of non-operative treatment modes, such as chemotherapeutics, radiotherapy, etc., can be enhanced. The solid tumors comprise cerebral tumors, liver cancers, lung cancers, oesophagus cancers, gastric cancers, breast cancers, pancreatic cancers, thyroid cancers, nasopharyngeal cancers, ovarian cancers, uterine cancers, renal cancers, prostatic cancers, bladder cancers, colon cancers, rectum cancers, skin cancers, head and neck cancers, and primary or subsequent cancers stemmed from a peripheral nervous system.
The Investigators will consecutively enroll adult patients referred to outpatients' Clinics of 21 Centres because of persistence of relevant intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms believed by them to be caused by the ingestion of food containing even low doses of gluten. In their clinical management patients in gluten-containing diet since at least two months will undergo ad hoc tests including serum determination of IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase and anti-endomysial antibodies, IgG anti-gliadin antibodies (AGA), total IgA and IgE, wheat-specific IgE, upper endoscopy with collection of multiple duodenal biopsies, HLA genotyping, fecal calprotectin and lactose breath test. The Investigators will investigate serum AGA IgG since they have been detected in some patients with "suspected" nonceliac gluten sensitivity. Patients with celiac disease, wheat allergy, intolerance to further food source of fermentable oligo- and disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols, lactose intolerance, Helicobacter pylori infection, giardiasis, inflammatory bowel disease, cirrhosis, excessive alcohol intake, intake of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, use of systemic immunosuppressant medication, poorly controlled psychiatric disease, pregnancy and those unable to give written informed consent will be excluded. The Investigators will also recruit as control group 420 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers, undergoing IgG AGA and all negative for anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies. Healthy volunteers will not be affected by any comorbidity and food intolerance.

Each Centre will enroll 20 patients with suspected nonceliac gluten sensitivity and 20 healthy volunteers. Recruitment of patients and, at greater extent, healthy volunteers should not be an issue as the 21 Centres involved in this trial are well-known for diagnosis and treatment of gluten-related disorders. The Investigators will consider drop-outs from the study all the patients who will fail to attend even a single appointment or test in the trial. Moreover, compliance with the study treatment will be assessed by unused capsule counts at T2 and T4. Compliance with the gluten-free diet at each time point will be assessed through a validated questionnaire. To exclude the possibility of patients being able to discriminate between gluten capsules and placebo capsules, we preliminarily tested capsule recognition in a group of 20 healthy volunteers. On two different days, healthy volunteers were asked to take capsules and then clearly state if the capsules contained gluten or not. Healthy volunteers were not able to differentiate the appearance and taste of gluten capsules from those of placebo capsules. Assuming a within-patient comparison and a SD of the overall score of 40, 70 subjects per arm would be needed in order to achieve a power of 80%, at a 2-sided 5% significance level, if the true difference is 15.
ZURZUVAE may produce physical dependence. Physical dependence is a state that develops as a result of physiological adaptation in response to repeated drug use, manifested by withdrawal signs and symptoms after abrupt discontinuation or a significant dose reduction of a drug. 

Adverse reactions reported upon discontinuation of zuranolone in healthy subjects who received 50 mg of zuranolone for 5 to 7 days (on the 7th day subjects received 50 mg or 100 mg ) included: insomnia, palpitations, decreased appetite, nightmare, nausea, hyperhidrosis, and paranoia. These adverse reactions indicate a potential for physical dependence with zuranolone. These adverse reactions were mild-to-moderate in severity. 

The risk for developing physical dependence and a subsequent withdrawal syndrome upon abrupt ZURZUVAE discontinuation for individuals who take a higher than recommended dosage and/or use ZURZUVAE for a longer duration than recommended [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)] has not been evaluated in clinical studies. However, convulsions were observed in a dog upon abrupt zuranolone discontinuation after dogs were administered zuranolone for 14 days at doses that produced exposures higher than the maximum recommended human dose [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.2)].
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a composition capable of decreasing deterioration of hair, having high safety, and capable of extremely brightening the hair, by improving brightness and comfortableness.  <P>SOLUTION: An anhydrous paste for bleaching a human keratin fiber contains at least one inert organic liquid, at least one peroxygenated salt, and at least one alkalinizing agent, and further contains at least one ceramide-type compound. A method for bleaching the human keratin fiber comprises using the paste. A suitable multi-compartment device is provided. The multi-compartment device for bleaching the human keratin fiber, especially the hair, is composed of at least two compartments, wherein one of the compartments contains the anhydrous paste and another compartment contains a composition of a hydrogen peroxide solution.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI