anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
During past, present, and future Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group (AACTG) clinical trials, samples of HBM (e.g., blood, other body fluids and tissues) have been or will be obtained and stored until analyzed, as defined by the particular trial for which the patient provided consent. Some HBM may be left over after a trial is completed. Important questions may arise during the design of a study; some of these questions may be addressed only with archived (rather than prospectively collected) HBMs. To improve understanding of HIV disease and its optimal management, it is critical that HBMs be available to investigators for subsequent unspecified analyses.

All patients are asked to sign the informed consent form and specify whether or not they agree to allow their leftover samples to be used for secondary analyses and whether or not they agree to have one 14 ml blood sample drawn in this study for DNA archiving for use in currently unspecified genetic analyses. Only under extraordinary circumstances will any individual patient from whom HBM was obtained be notified of any test result from secondary testing. Patients who do not agree to either option will indicate this on the informed consent and will have no further involvement in this study. Declining consent does not in any way jeopardize participation in any other current or future ACTG clinical trial. Consent may be obtained at the same time the patient is being enrolled into any ACTG clinical trial, at some interval after the patient has entered but is still participating in a trial, or at any time after the patient has completed participation in a trial. The goal of this study is to allow archived HBM to be used for research purposes while protecting the identity of patients from whom such samples were obtained. The focus is on obtaining permission to analyze archived HBM in ways not planned at the time the initial informed consent was obtained.
INTRODUCTION: With 60,000 cases per year, breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in France, and a quarter of these cases require mastectomy. Following the surgery, breast reconstruction can be indicated. Two of the available techniques are breast implants (BIs) and muscle-sparing latissimus dorsi (MSLD). The aim of this study was to compare postoperative complications of each approach and thus help the surgeon and the patient in making an informed decision before surgery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive, retrospective and single-centre study was conducted in the Croix Rousse hospital in Lyon (France) between 1 July 2018 and 1 July 2023. It included women aged ≥18 years who underwent mastectomy followed by (immediate or delayed) breast reconstruction with MSLD or BI. Complications were recorded and evaluated using the Clavien-Dindo classification.
RESULTS: Over the course of the study, 92 patients were managed with MSLD reconstruction and 63 patients with BI. We observed a complication rate of 62% in the BI group and 39% in the MSLD group (odds ratio [OR]=0.16; p < 0.005). Body mass index (BMI) significantly impacted this rate (OR=1.11; p = 0.01), whereas smoking status and diabetes did not. No complication occurred more predominantly than others. A second surgery was required more often in the BI group (p < 0.005). There were no severe complications (>Grade 4).
CONCLUSION: MSLD predicted fewer complications and was associated with a shorter hospital stay compared with implants, suggesting that it may be a preferable option for breast reconstruction.
Metastasis-directed therapy has the potential to improve progression-free and overall survival in oligometastatic disease (OMD). For breast cancer, however, randomized trials have failed so far to confirm this finding. Because the concept of metastasis-directed therapy in OMD is highly dependent on the accuracy of the imaging modality, we aimed to assess the impact of 18F-FDG PET/CT on the definition of OMD in breast cancer patients. Methods: Eighty patients with a total of 150 18F-FDG PET/CT images (between October 2006 and January 2022) were enrolled in this retrospective study at the Technical University of Munich. The inclusion criteria were OMD, defined as 1-5 distant metastases, at the time of 18F-FDG PET/CT. For the current study, we systemically compared the metastatic pattern on 18F-FDG PET/CT with conventional CT. Results: At the time of 18F-FDG PET/CT, 21.3% of patients (n = 32) had a first-time diagnosis of metastatic disease, 40.7% (n = 61) had a previous history of OMD, and 38% (n = 57) had a previous history of polymetastatic disease. In 45.3% of cases, the imaging modality (18F-FDG PET/CT vs. conventional CT) had an impact on the assessment of whether OMD was present. An identical metastatic pattern was observed in only 32% of cases.18F-FDG PET/CT detected additional metastases in 33.3% of cases, mostly in the nonregional lymph node system. Conclusion: The use of 18F-FDG PET/CT had a substantial impact on the definition of OMD and detection of metastatic pattern in breast cancer. Our results emphasize the importance of establishing a standardized definition for imaging modalities in future trials and clinical practices related to metastasis-directed therapy in breast cancer patients.
BACKGROUND: The current paradigm of watchful waiting (WW) in people 65 years or older with an asymptomatic paraesophageal hernia (PEH) is based on a now 20-year-old Markov analysis. Recently, we have shown that elective laparoscopic hernia repair (ELHR) provides an increase in life-years (L-Ys) compared with WW in most healthy patients aged 40 to 90 years. However, elderly patients often have comorbid conditions and may have complications from their PEH such as Cameron lesions. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal strategy, ELHR or WW, in these patients.
STUDY DESIGN: A Markov model with updated variables was used to compare L-Ys gained with ELHR vs WW in hypothetical people with any type of PEH and symptoms, Cameron lesions, and/or comorbid conditions.
RESULTS: In men and women aged 40 to 90 years with PEH-related symptoms and/or Cameron lesions, ELHR led to an increase in L-Ys over WW. The presence of comorbid conditions impacted life expectancy overall, but ELHR remained the preferred approach in all but 90-year-old patients with symptoms but no Cameron lesions.
CONCLUSIONS: Using a Markov model with updated values for key variables associated with management options for patients with a PEH, we showed that life expectancy was improved with ELHR in most men and women aged 40 to 90 years, particularly in the presence of symptoms and/or Cameron lesions. Comorbid conditions increase the risk for surgery, but ELHR remained the preferred strategy in the majority of symptomatic patients. This model can be used to provide individualized management guidance for patients with a PEH.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cosmetic having high aesthetic property in appearance and scarcely causing deformation of the three-dimensional pattern by forming three-dimensional pattern.  <P>SOLUTION: The cosmetic 10 having a three-dimensional pattern therein has a transparent gel base 2 composed of a water-soluble polymer and granules 1 spirally arranged in the transparent gel base 2. Since granules are spirally arranged in the transparent gel base 2, aesthetic property in the appearance can be enhanced by spiral three-dimensional pattern. Since granules 1 are formed by pressing powder and has definite strength and scarcely causes deformation of the shape, deformation of three-dimensional pattern with passage of time or in the use process can be prevented. Three-dimensional shapes having various designs can be formed by arranging granules 1 in a state in which particle diameters and colors are differentiated.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
The invention provides a series of chiral 3-hydroxypyridin-4-one derivatives and their salts. Specifically, methyl/ethyl maltol (compound V) is reacted with benzyl chlorine (compound VI) to produce 3-benzyl-protected maltol (compound VII), then compound VII is reacted with different chiral aminoalcohols (compound VIII) to produce chiral 3-benzyloxypyridine-4-one (compound IX), and finally compound IX (chiral 3-benzyloxypyridine-4-one) is subjected to hydrogenation reduction under the catalysis of palladium carbon for deprotection, so that chiral 3-hydroxypyridin-4-one derivatives (compound I) can be obtained. In the invention, 3-hydroxypyridin-4-one derivatives are subjected to an optimal design and chiral substituents are added, so that the biological activity of chelated iron ions is improved while the toxicity is reduced. Meanwhile, the 3-hydroxypyridin-4-one derivatives of the invention are orally active and enjoy remarkable de-ironing capability. Experiments confirm that the treatment effect of the 3-hydroxypyridin-4-one derivatives on iron overload is significantly better than the effect of compound CP20, so that the derivatives provided in the invention can be applied to the preparation of medicaments for resisting symptoms of iron ion overload. The mother nucleus of the derivatives of the invention is represented by the formula I.
Patients receive placebo PO QD on days 1-14. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also receive SOC.
Participants will arrive at the laboratory after an overnight fast (at least from 10:00 pm) with the use of the least strenuously transportation possible (no bicycling or long distance walk). In addition, the preceding two days (48h) before each of the study days; no intensive physical activity or consumption of alcohol is allowed in order to obtain standardization of the participants.

Once settled into an individual feeding cubicle, visual analogue scales (VAS) will be completed for the measurement of fasting appetite levels. A standardized fixed breakfast meal (providing approximately 20% of total estimated energy need) consisting of 80 g. cheese with bread, orange juice and a cup (125 mL) of coffee/the/water (milk is not allowed). The amounts of bread (70.5 g.) and juice (132 g.) are calculated with Babybel original as reference, and these amounts for bread and juice are kept constant regardless of the cheese provided. The cheese will be served blinded together with the bread, and the brand of cheese will not be mentioned for the participants. Participants will be asked to consume this breakfast within 15 minutes and the exact meal duration (in minutes) will be noted after completing the meal in order to examine the eating rate. VAS will be used to measure subjective appetite sensations during the post-meal period as well as the pleasantness of the meal and the study products after completing the meal. VAS will be used to measure subjective appetite sensations for the following hours. Three hours following serving of the breakfast meal, participants will be provided with a homogeneous single item ad libitum lunch meal. The meal is a homogeneous dish of spaghetti bolognese providing a total of 8 MJ and the participants are instructed to eat until they are comfortably full. The energy composition of the meal is 15 E% protein, 30 E% fat and 55 E% carbohydrate. VAS will be used to measure subjective appetite sensations during the post-meal period as well as the pleasantness of the meal after completing the meal. The meal duration (in minutes) will be noted after completing the meal. The ad libitum meal ends the study day, and the participant will be free to leave afterwards.
Objective: To determine whether Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists or Sodium Glucose Transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors result in greater A1c reduction, weight loss, and reduction of insulin requirements in veterans using multiple daily doses of insulin. Methods: This retrospective, single-site, cohort study included patients of VA Eastern Kansas Health Care System with a diagnosis of Type II Diabetes utilizing multiple daily dose insulin and an SGLT-2 inhibitor or GLP-1 agonist. SAS Enterprise Guide was utilized to complete a multivariate analysis of variance to evaluate all outcomes. Key Findings: 150 patients met selection criteria. The GLP-1 group averaged a .65% reduction in A1c compared to a 1.05% reduction in the SGLT-2 group (P = .1397). The Basal insulin dose was reduced by 5.5 units in the GLP-1 group vs 2.45 units in the SGLT-2 group (P = .3132), and 7.12 units vs 8.14 units respectively for short-acting insulin (P = .8170). The resulting weight reduction was 4.1 Kg in the GLP-1 group compared to 3.6 Kg in the SGLT-2 group (P = .6993). Conclusion: The results suggest there is not a statistically significant difference in changes to A1c, insulin requirements, or weight after 1 year of treatment with an SGLT-2 vs GLP-1 in patients using multiple daily insulin injections.
AIMS: This study aimed to describe clinical characteristics and sleep quality of Parkinson's Diseases (PD) patients and identify associated factors with sleep quality.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam, from December 2022 to April 2023. A total of 130 Parkinson's disease patients undergoing treatment at the hospital were invited. Demographic and clinical characteristics were obtained. The diagnosis of sleep disorders was based on the standards outlined in the DSM-V. A multivariate logistic regression model was employed.
RESULTS: 90.9 % experienced sleep disorder, with the significant types including insomnia (76.2 %) and restless legs syndrome (56.2 %). The majority of patients suffered two (33.1 %) and one kind of sleep disorder (32.3 %). Most patients experienced sleep disorders after diagnosis of PD (80.0 %). Only having shoulder and neck pain was positively associated with a likelihood of having sleep disturbances (OR=4.87, 95 %CI=1.18-20.15).
CONCLUSION: This study found a high rate of sleep disorders among PD patients in our sample. Shoulder and neck pain was found to be associated with a risk of sleep disorders. Pain management should be performed to improve the sleep quality of PD patients.
Participants who were assigned to the active control group were provided treatment-as-usual, which included: (1) psychoeducation on MCI, cognitive functioning, and compensatory strategies, and (2) brain training cognitive stimulation booklet which consisted of weekly homework activities focusing on attention, memory, and executive functioning. Control participants were reviewed for 3 sessions monthly to follow up on their progress on the cognitive stimulation activity booklet.
Pediatric patients often present with orbital fractures after facial trauma, most commonly fractures of the orbital floor. Evaluation of orbital fractures for entrapment of the extraocular muscles is crucial, as urgent surgical exploration and possible repair are needed in these cases. We report a 2-year-old male who presented after a fall with multiple left orbital wall fractures, including a roof fracture. On examination, the patient's OS appeared fixed in an upward gaze. Positive forced ductions revealed clinical concern for entrapment of the superior rectus. The patient was taken to the operating room for exploration, and the entrapped superior rectus muscle was freed from the fracture. The patient subsequently recovered fully with complete extraocular movements. This represents the first reported case of superior rectus entrapment in an orbital roof fracture.
Mid dose level (15µg) for GBP560-A in stage 1. Participants will receive 2 doses of one of the test vaccines at 4-week intervals, respectively.
OBJECTIVE: Vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) is widely recognized for its potential benefits, including reducing post-surgical pain and leaving no discernible scarring. However, the anatomical specificity of the vNOTES approach may elevate the risk of nearby organ damage, such as the rectum and bladder. Thus, this study aims to demonstrate the safety and relative merits of vNOTES over transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS).
METHODS: The Longitudinal Vaginal Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery Study (LovNOTESS), which was conducted in Chengdu, China. A total of 110 patients who underwent myomectomy in vNOTES or LESS from January 2021 to December 2022. This study prospectively collected and compared perioperative and follow-up data of the two groups.
RESULTS: In the vNOTES group, patients had shorter postoperative anal exhaust time, lower pain medications use rate, shorter hospital stay but higher intraoperative conversion rate, and higher postoperative fever rate. vNOTES decreased the anal exhaust time by approximately 8.7 h (95 %CI: -16.182, -1.262, p = 0.007). Moreover, vNOTES reduces pain medication use risk by 73.1 % (OR: 0.269, 95 %CI: 0.172, 0.318, p = 0.016).
CONCLUSION: Relative to LESS, vNOTES can make patients mitigate postoperative discomfort, accelerate the recovery of gastrointestinal function, curtail hospitalization duration, and enable a more rapid return to daily activities in myomectomy. However, vNOTES has a higher risk of surgical conversion and adjacent organ injury. Therefore, larger scale prospective studies are needed to prove its security and promote the widespread application of vNOTES in myomectomy.
PURPOSE:To provide a novel compound produced by introducing an OH group at the 5 or 6 position of a 2,3-disubstituted bicyclo[2,2,1]heptane skeleton and useful as a TXA2 antagonist, an intermediate thereof or a raw material for producing prodrugs. CONSTITUTION:A compound of formula I [R<1>, R<2> are H, OH (but at least one of the groups us OH); R<3> is H, ester residue; R<4> is H, lower alkyl, halogen] or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof. A compound of formula III (R<6> is group of formula IV) derived from a double bond-having 5-norbornene-2,3- dicarboxylic anhydride of formula II is e.g. epoxidized and subsequently reduced with LiAld4. to form a hydroxylated intermediate of formula V. The hydroxy group of the compound V is protected, and the alpha-side chain is deprotected. The product is oxidized into an aldehyde of formula VI, which is converted by a conventional method to provide the compound of formula I wherein R<3> is H.
Participants undergoing resection for a presumed newly diagnosed glioblastoma (nGBM) will be treated with pamiparib for 4 days prior to surgical resection. Patients who proceed to Phase 2 will receive pamiparib administered orally BID continuously in combination with 6-7 weeks of radiation therapy and pamiparib in combination with TMZ in the maintenance phase.
This study is comparing the effectiveness of pain control after ureteroscopy for stone removal between two medications: oral Oxybutynin XL 10mg daily and oral Methocarbamol 750mg every six hours as needed for spasms. The study medications will be given in addition to a standard postoperative pain regiment including Tylenol 1000mg every six hours, Tamsulosin 0.4mg daily, phenazopyridine 200mg every eight hours, and diclofenac 50mg every eight hours, and finally the investigational agent (either oral oxybutynin XL 10mg once daily or oral methocarbamol 750mg every six hours as needed for pain depending on which group the participant is randomly assigned).

Patients who will be undergoing ureteroscopy for stone removal (anyone with upper tract stones, total stone burden \< 2 cm) will be identified in clinic and consented to participate in the study. Patients will be randomized to either methocarbamol or oxybutynin in a 1:1 fashion using RedCAP prior to the procedure. Pain regimen after surgery includes: Tylenol 1000mg every six hours, Tamsulosin 0.4 mg daily, phenazopyridine 200mg every eight hours, and diclofenac 50mg every eight hours, and finally the investigational agent (either oral oxybutynin XL 10 mg once daily or oral methocarbamol 750mg every six hours as needed for pain). Both drugs are FDA approved, but will be used off-label for the purposes of this study. Although oxybutynin is not FDA approved for the treatment of ureteral spasms, multiple studies have been performed to study its efficacy for this indication and it will be used in an off-label fashion. The study will document age, sex, BMI, preoperative stone burden, laterality of surgery, OR duration, laser energy (kJ), laser settings, ureteral access sheath use, stent size, stent duration, stone analysis, preoperative urine culture, stone culture, and any medical comorbidities. Neither patients nor investigators will be blinded to which drug they are receiving.

Patients will be administered the PROMIS questionnaire, which has been validated for assessing ureteral stent symptoms. The VAS pain scale will also be administered to assess pain (scores from 1-10). The PROMIS questionnaire and VAS pain scale will be administered at time of study enrollment or prior to surgery. The questionnaire and VAS pain scale will be administered daily by text message (RedCAP electronic survey) from POD1 until the day of stent removal, and 1 day after the stent is removed. Stent removal typically occurs 3-7 days after surgery. The questionnaires will be completed by the patient on a mobile device. Patients will be asked to complete a drug diary, so study investigators can ensure they took the medication as prescribed. On the final survey (the one sent 1day after stent removal), the study investigators will also inquire about if the patient had any unplanned clinic or ED visits during the period the stent was in.
The principal action of pralidoxime chloride is to reactivate cholinesterase (mainly outside of the central nervous system) which has been inactivated by phosphorylation due to an organophosphate pesticide or related compound. The destruction of accumulated acetylcholine can then proceed, and neuromuscular junctions will again function normally. Pralidoxime chloride also slows the process of “aging” of phosphorylated cholinesterase to a nonreactivatable form, and detoxifies certain organophosphates by direct chemical reaction. The drug has its most critical effect in relieving paralysis of the muscles of respiration. Because pralidoxime chloride is less effective in relieving depression of the respiratory center, atropine is always required concomitantly to block the effect of accumulated acetylcholine at this site. Pralidoxime chloride relieves muscarinic signs and symptoms, salivation, bronchospasm, etc., but this action is relatively unimportant since atropine is adequate for this purpose.

PROTOPAM Chloride has been studied in animals as an antidote against numerous organophosphate pesticides, chemicals, and drugs (see Animal Pharmacology and Toxicology). Regardless of whether or not animal studies suggest that the organophosphate poison to which a particular patient has been exposed is amenable to treatment with pralidoxime chloride, the use of pralidoxime chloride should, nevertheless, be considered in any life-threatening situation resulting from poisoning by these compounds, since the limited and arbitrary conditions of pharmacologic screening do not always accurately reflect the usefulness of pralidoxime chloride in the clinical situation.