anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The present invention relates to 4.0% and 4.5% intranasal testosterone bio- adhesive gels for providing sustained intranasal delivery of testosterone to a male and intranasal treatment methods for safely providing sustained release testosterone to treat males with hypogonadism. In particular, the present invention relates to improved testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) and sustained intranasal testosterone gel formulations for treating male hypogonadism. The 4.0% and 4.5% intranasal testosterone bio-adhesive gels are effective, are statistically significant regarding improvement in effect on erectile function and mood, provide for favourable trends for effect on body composition and bone mineral density and have safety measures after 360 days of treatment that are consistent with currently marketed topical testosterone products. The present invention also relates to a system for dispensing intranasally a precise dosage amount of such gels in smaller volumes at an optimal anatomical location within each nostril of the male, so that an effective amount of testosterone is deposited within each nostril at the optimal anatomical location for TRT, including to effectively treat testosterone deficiency in male subjects, such as hypogonadism. The present invention is also concerned with a novel titration method to determine the appropriate daily treatment regimen, i.e., a BID or TID treatment regimen, to administer the intranasal gels of the present invention to treat hypogonadism or TRT. The present invention is also concerned with novel titrations method to determine the appropriate daily treatment regimen, i.e., a QD, BID or TID treatment regimen, to administer the intranasal gels of the present invention to treat hypogonadism or TRT in males. In particular, the present testosterone therapy remains effective for treating hypogonadism when an allergic rhinitis event occurs in the male or when the male subject uses a topical nasal vasoconstrictor or a topical intranasal decongestant during the hypogonadism treatment. Further, the present invention relates to a novel method of preventing the occurrence of an allergic rhinitis event in a male, who is undergoing a hypogonadism treatment with an intranasal testosterone bio-adhesive gel formulation. In certain embodiments, the intranasal testosterone bio-adhesive gel formulation according to the invention comprises 4.0% and 4.5% testosterone.
The treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer (DCT) includes surgery followed by radioiodine treatment. In the follow-up of patients it is necessary to induce TSH elevation for the measurement of thyreoglobulin and/or total body scanning. There are two principal methods to obtain TSH elevation: 1) injection of recombinant human TSH , and 2) to stop L-thyroxin replacement for several (3-4) weeks. As use of recombinant TSH is rather expensive, this method is not feasible in many countries. The problem with stopping L-thyroxin is development of severe hypothyroidism for several weeks with concomitant symptoms and signs.

Current pilot study aims to induce the necessary TSH elevation by decreasing the L-thyroxin dose. The main hypothesis is that necessary TSH stimulation will be achieved during 4-6 weeks in majority of patients with fixed dose of L-thyroxin. Concomitantly, blood tests and symptoms and signs of hypothyroidism will be obtained to get information about possible deviations during treatment with low dose of thyroxin.
The purpose of this study is to perform a double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) in young patients with recent-onset (RO) schizophrenia to target improvement in cognitive functioning within real-world treatment settings. This multi-site study will be performed in 4 community mental health centers with specialized Early Intervention Services (EIS). We will compare the effects of web-based targeted cognitive training (TCT) vs. web-based general cognitive exercises (GCE), both delivered via portable laptop computers. We will investigate the behavioral and functional changes seen immediately after the intervention as well as at 6-month follow-up, compared to a no-training control group (NTC). This will be the first study to investigate cognitive enhancement for young RO schizophrenia patients in community mental health settings, using scalable interactive neurotechnology, and the first to compare two distinct cognitive training approaches. This study will generate high impact data on the potential for targeted pre-emotion of the downward spiral of in cognitive and functional disability that often characterizes psychotic illness. It will also generate valuable data on the relative effects of two distinct cognitive training approaches in schizophrenia, each derived from a very different theoretical rationale, providing much-needed information on the efficacy of a targeted "distributed neural system" training model derived from systems neuroscience vs. a "general cognitive stimulation" training model derived from neuropsychological rehabilitation approaches.

The aims of this project are based on the current state of early psychosis research, as well as our own experience successfully applying neuroscience-informed cognitive training in schizophrenia. It is now abundantly clear that cognitive/neural system dysfunction represents a significant risk factor for schizophrenia as well as a poor prognostic indicator. Functional outcome in RO schizophrenia is predicted by level of cognitive impairment and baseline cognitive reserve, and recent findings suggest that specialized EIS programs focusing only on symptom reduction and psychosocial support may not robustly improve long-term outcomes- indicating that critical treatment targets are not being addressed at present in early psychosis interventions. Cognitive dysfunction and underlying neural system inefficiency should therefore be one of the primary targets for pre-emptive intervention in early psychosis. In this study, we will determine whether we can achieve this goal using cognitive training delivered via a portable computer, in order to improve functional outcome in young individuals with RO schizophrenia.
The present invention relates broadly to methods and compositions that promote migration of neural cells, or their extensions, from an originating region of the central nervous system to a second region in which, or at which, a need for such cells and/or their extensions has been identified. The method includes contacting a second neural cell with a composition that is effective to decorate the second neural cell with a hydrated polymer such as a polysaccharide. This second neural cell is located substantially within a zone of interest such as a second region; or the originating region; or a region of space that includes at least the originating region, the second region and a volume extending between them. The originating region includes any source of neural progenitor cells, or a source of outgrowth of neural cell projections such as axons or dendrites. The second region includes any region that is an intended destination for the promoted migration of progenitor or the extension of the neural cell projection, which may be a site diseased by a pathology or damaged by trauma. The invention further provides compositions useful to promote the migration of the CNS component cells or portions thereof.
Hands are the most frequent injury sites caused by burn, and appropriate rehabilitation is essential to ensure that good functional recovery is achieved. In burn patients, the wound healing process may lead to a fibrotic hypertrophic scar, which is raised, red, inflexible and responsible functional and cosmetic impairments.

This randomized, controlled trial involved 40 patients with burns and dominant right-hand function impairment. Patients were randomized into a ESWT or a CON group. Each intervention was applied to the affected hand for 4 weeks once per week. Hand function was evaluated using the Jebsen-Taylor hand function test (JTT), grasp and pinch power test, and Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (MHQ). These assessments were evaluated pre-intervention and 4 weeks post-intervention.
Computer-implemented systems and methods are provided for determining indications of a mental state of a subject. A computing system may receive at least one electrophysiological signal from at least one pair of electrodes on a head of a subject. The system may store at least one threshold bio-electrical value, and compare a plurality of portions of the at least one electrophysiological signal with the stored value. The system may determine, based on the comparing, identities of portions of the at least one electrophysiological signal that surpass the stored at least one threshold bio-electrical value. The system may also determine the existence of a portion sequence among the portions of the at least one electrophysiological signal that surpass the stored at least one threshold bio-electrical value. And the system may output an indication of a mental state of the subject when it is determined that the portion sequence exists.
AIM: The prevalence of diabetes and hypertension according to body mass index (BMI) status in Brazilian adults has not been described yet. Herein, we aimed to identify the time trends in hypertension and diabetes, individually and combined (multimorbidity), by BMI in Brazilian adults.
METHODS: In this time series cross-sectional study, we retrieved self-reported data from 806 169 adults between 2006 and 2023, using the Surveillance System of Risk and Protective Factors from Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (Vigitel). Weight and height were used to classify participants into normal/underweight (<25 kg/m2), pre-obesity (25 to 29.9 kg/m2), and obesity (≥ 30 kg/m2). We calculated the prevalence of medical diagnoses of hypertension and diabetes, individually and combined, by BMI categories, and by sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age group, educational attainment) for participants with obesity. We performed Prais-Winsten linear regression models to identify temporal trends.
RESULTS: The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes increased between 2006 and 2023. Among adults with obesity, we observed a slight decrease in the prevalence of hypertension (from 44.5% in 2006 to 41.7% in 2023) and the prevalence of either hypertension or diabetes (47.1% to 45.5%); an increase in the prevalence of diabetes (12.8% to 15.13) and both conditions combined (10.2% to 11.2%). Participants with obesity had more than twice the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes compared with those who were normal/underweight. We observed a differential time trend by sex, age group, and educational attainment.
CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate the need for differentiated approaches for interventions for hypertension and diabetes, considering variations over time by sociodemographic characteristics.
Experimental group subjected to active individual psychotherapy based on developing skills relating to flexibility of attention, which in turn sustains adolescents adopting a more realistic perspective on social events and acting based on external (and not only internal) social information. Assessed weekly during the intervention period on symptom change. Also assessed at pre-intervention, post-intervention (i.e., 10 to 12 weeks later), 12-weeks follow, and 24-weeks follow-up.
Diagnostic tests were heralded as crucial during the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic with most of the key methods using bioanalytical approaches that detected larger molecules (RNA, protein antigens or antibodies) rather than conventional clinical biochemical techniques. Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs), like the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and other molecular methods, like sequencing (that often work in combination with NAATs), were essential to the diagnosis and management during COVID-19. This was exemplified both early in the pandemic but also later on, following the emergence of new genetic SARS-CoV-2 variants. The 100 day mission to respond to future pandemic threats highlights the need for effective diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines. Of the three, diagnostics represents the first opportunity to manage infectious diseases while also being the most poorly supported in terms of the infrastructure needed to demonstrate effectiveness. Where performance targets exist, they are not well served by consensus on how to demonstrate they are being met; this includes analytical factors such as limit of detection (LOD) false positive results as well as how to approach clinical evaluation. The selection of gold standards or use of epidemiological factors such as predictive value, reference ranges or clinical thresholds are seldom correctly considered. The attention placed on molecular diagnostic tests during COVID-19 illustrates important considerations and assumptions on the use of these methods for infectious disease diagnosis and beyond. In this manuscript, we discuss state-of-the-art approaches to diagnostic evaluation and explore how they may be better tailored to diagnostic techniques like NAATs to maximise the impact of these highly versatile bioanalytical tools, both generally and during future outbreaks.
Positive affect and optimism will be induced through the Best Possible Self (BPS) Intervention. In the optimism intervention, participants will be asked to imagine a future in which everything went well and in which all their wishes are fulfilled. This procedure is known to reliably generate positive affect and positive future expectations (Carrillo et al., 2019). Orientated at Flink et al. (2015) the BPS condition was adapted for a pain population.
Patients received 4 cycles if accelerated R-CHOP (cyclophosphamide. doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone + rituximab) followed by 3 cycles ICE (ifosfamide, carboplatin and etoposide) consolidation therapy.
The invention relates to a method for preparing high-content lutein crystal with a pot marigold extract, wherein, the pot marigold extract is firstly dissolved in an alkaline alcohol solution, and then an antioxidant and inert gas shielding are added for carrying out a saponification reaction. The pot marigold extract is changed into lutein in a free state, and the lutein is diluted with deionized water and washed till the pH value of the lutein is 6.5 to 7.0. The lutein goes through vacuum drying to obtain a crude product of the lutein. The crude product is recrystallized by a non-polar or weak-polar organic solvent, and centrifugally filtered, cooled and dried to obtain a product with purity of more than 98 percent. The method has simple production technology, small toxic amount of the solvents, less consumption and easy recovery as well as easy realization of industrialized production. The product can be applied to the fields of food colorants, food additives, pharmaceutical health products and the like in a safe and efficient manner.
Particles of acetylsalicylic acid, which have first been coated with an acid buffering salt, are encapsulated in hydrophobic polymeric material by dispersing the particles in a hot solution, in cyclohexane, of ethyl cellulose and a phase separation agent, and then cooling while maintaining dispersion by agitation, whereon the ethyl cellulose deposits on the particles as a liquid phase which solidifies by desolvation as cooling progresses; after cooling the coated particles are separated, and washed with a solvent for the phase separation agent.  Preferred such agent may be polyethylene of molecular weight about 7000, melting point 100-101  DEG C.  Suitable acid buffering salts are the monobasic phosphates of sodium, potassium, or ammonium.  The phase separation temperature of the ethyl cellulose may be lowered by inclusion of an acetylated monoglyceride in the dispersion.ALSO:Particles of acetylsalicylic acid are encapsulated in hydrophobic polymeric material by dispersing the particles, which are first coated with an acid buffering salt, in a hot cyclohexane solution of ethyl cellulose and a phase separation agent and then cooling the dispersion while agitating it, until the ethyl cellulose separates out on the acetylsalicylic acid particles, when the coated particles are separated off, washed in a solvent for the phase separation agent, and then dried.  The preferred phase separation agent is a suitable polyethylene (e.g. Mol. Wt. CA. 7, 000, softening point: 100 to 101 DEG C).  Suitable acid buffering salts are the mono basic phosphates of sodium, potassium, or ammonium.  The process may be modified by addition of an acetylated monoglyceride to the bispersion to lower the temperature at which phase separation of the ethyl cellulose takes place.
BACKGROUND: Intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) poses a significant threat to patients on Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs), with existing risk scores inadequately predicting ICH risk in these patients. We aim to develop and validate a predictive model for ICH risk in DOAC-treated patients.
METHODS: 24,794 patients treated with a DOAC were identified in a province-wide electronic medical and health data platform in Tianjin, China. The cohort was randomly split into a 4:1 ratio for model development and validation. We utilized forward stepwise selection, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) to select predictors. Model performance was compared using the area under the curve (AUC) and net reclassification index (NRI). The optimal model was stratified and compared with the DOAC model.
RESULTS: The median age is 68.0 years, and 50.4% of participants are male. The XGBoost model, incorporating six independent factors (history of hemorrhagic stroke, peripheral artery disease, venous thromboembolism, hypertension, age, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels), demonstrated superior performance in the development dateset. It showed moderate discrimination (AUC: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.64-0.73), outperforming existing DOAC scores (ΔAUC = 0.063, P = 0.003; NRI = 0.374, P < 0.001). Risk categories significantly stratified ICH risk (low risk: 0.26%, moderate risk: 0.74%, high risk: 5.51%). Finally, the model demonstrated consistent predictive performance in the internal validation.
CONCLUSION: In a real-world Chinese population using DOAC therapy, this study presents a reliable predictive model for ICH risk. The XGBoost model, integrating six key risk factors, offers a valuable tool for individualized risk assessment in the context of oral anticoagulation therapy.
There have been postmarketing reports of fatal and non-fatal hepatic failure in patients taking pioglitazone, although the reports contain insufficient information necessary to establish the probable cause. There has been no evidence of drug-induced hepatotoxicity in the pioglitazone controlled clinical trial database to date [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus may have fatty liver disease or cardiac disease with episodic congestive heart failure, both of which may cause liver test abnormalities, and they may also have other forms of liver disease, many of which can be treated or managed. Therefore, obtaining a liver test panel (serum alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin) and assessing the patient is recommended before initiating ACTOPLUS MET therapy. In patients with abnormal liver tests, ACTOPLUS MET should be initiated with caution.

Measure liver tests promptly in patients who report symptoms that may indicate liver injury, including fatigue, anorexia, right upper abdominal discomfort, dark urine or jaundice. In this clinical context, if the patient is found to have clinically significant liver enzyme elevations (serum ALT greater than three times the ULN) and if abnormal liver tests persist or worsen, ACTOPLUS MET should be interrupted and investigation done to establish the probable cause. ACTOPLUS MET should not be restarted in these patients without another explanation for the liver test abnormalities.
The sham is similar in appearance to the Bridge device but does not deliver any electrical stimulation and is a sham that is designed to look identical to the Bridge device. It is placed on the external ear at the beginning of the study and removed by the patient after 5 days.
The COVID-19 infection is a worldwide disease that causes numerous immune-inflammatory disorders, tissue damage, and lung dysfunction. COVID-19 vaccines, including those from Pfizer, AstraZeneca, and Sinopharm, are available globally as effective interventions for combating the disease. The severity of COVID-19 can be most effectively reduced by mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) because they possess anti-inflammatory activity and can reverse lung dysfunction. MSCs can be harvested from various sources, such as adipose tissue, bone marrow, peripheral blood, inner organs, and neonatal tissues. The regulation of inflammatory cytokines is crucial in inhibiting inflammatory diseases and promoting the presence of anti-inflammatory cytokines for infectious diseases. MSCs have been employed as therapeutic agents for tissue damage, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, and COVID-19 patients. Our research aimed to determine whether live or dead MSCs are more suitable for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Our findings concluded that dead MSCs, when directly administered to the patient, offer advantages over viable MSCs due to their extended presence and higher levels of immune regulation, such as T-reg, B-reg, and IL-10, compared to live MSCs. Additionally, dead and apoptotic MSCs are likely to be more readily captured by monocytes and macrophages, prolonging their presence compared to live MSCs.
BACKGROUND: We have developed an algorithmic approach to laparoscopic cholecystectomy, including subtotal cholecystectomy, as a bailout strategy when the Critical View of Safety cannot be safely achieved due to significant inflammation and fibrosis of the hepatocystic triangle.
METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study comparing postoperative outcomes in patients with severe cholecystitis who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy or laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy at St. Joseph's Health Centre from May 2016 to July 2021, as well as against a historical cohort. We further stratified laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy cases based on fenestrating or reconstituting subtype.
RESULTS: The cohort included a total of 105 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and 31 patients who underwent laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy. Bile leaks (25.8% vs 1.0%, relative risk 3.5, 95% confidence interval 3.5-208.4) were more common in the laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy group. Postoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (22.6% vs 3.8%, relative risk 5.9, 95% confidence interval 1.9-18.9) and biliary stent insertion (19.4% vs 1.0%, relative risk 20.3, 95% confidence interval 2.5-162.5) were also more common in the laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy group. Bile leaks in laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy were only documented in the fenestration subtype, most of which were successfully managed with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and biliary stenting. Compared to our previous study of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and subtotal cholecystectomy for severe cholecystitis between 2010 and 2016, there has been a decrease in postoperative laparoscopic cholecystectomy complications, subtotal cholecystectomy cases, and no bile duct injuries.
CONCLUSION: Following our algorithmic approach to safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy has helped to prevent bile duct injury. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy remains the gold standard for the management of severe cholecystitis; however, in extreme cases, laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy is a safe bailout strategy with manageable morbidity.