anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Suicide attempts, some of which have been fatal, have been reported in patients treated with amantadine hydrochloride, many of whom received short courses for influenza treatment or prophylaxis. The incidence of suicide attempts is not known and the pathophysiologic mechanism is not understood. Suicide attempts and suicidal ideation have been reported in patients with and without prior history of psychiatric illness. Amantadine hydrochloride can exacerbate mental problems in patients with a history of psychiatric disorders or substance abuse. Patients who attempt suicide may exhibit abnormal mental states which include disorientation, confusion, depression, personality changes, agitation, aggressive behavior, hallucinations, paranoia, other psychotic reactions, and somnolence or insomnia. Because of the possibility of serious adverse effects, caution should be observed when prescribing Amantadine Hydrochloride to patients being treated with drugs having CNS effects, or for whom the potential risks outweigh the benefit of treatment.
Patients with an ABCD-GENE\>10 score will be randomized in a 1:1 fashion to ticagrelor (60 mg/bid) or clopidogrel (75 mg/qd). Treatment will be maintained for 30 days.
BACKGROUND: Childhood malnutrition is a major public health issue in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and 61.4 million children under the age of five years in the region are stunted. Although insight from existing studies suggests plausible pathways between ambient air pollution exposure and stunting, there are limited studies on the effect of different ambient air pollutants on stunting among children.
OBJECTIVE: Explore the effect of early-life environmental exposures on stunting among children under the age of five years.
METHODS: In this study, we used pooled health and population data from 33 countries in SSA between 2006 and 2019 and environmental data from the Atmospheric Composition Analysis Group and NASA's GIOVANNI platform. We estimated the association between early-life environmental exposures and stunting in three exposure periods - in-utero (during pregnancy), post-utero (after pregnancy to current age) and cumulative (from pregnancy to current age), using Bayesian hierarchical modelling. We also visualise the likelihood of stunting among children based on their region of residence using Bayesian hierarchical modelling.
RESULTS: The findings show that 33.6% of sampled children were stunted. In-utero PM2.5 was associated with a higher likelihood of stunting (OR = 1.038, CrI = 1.002-1.075). Early-life exposures to nitrogen dioxide and sulphate were robustly associated with stunting among children. The findings also show spatial variation in a high and low likelihood of stunting based on a region of residence.
IMPACT STATEMENT: This study explores the effect of early-life environmental exposures on child growth or stunting among sub-Saharan African children. The study focuses on three exposure windows - pregnancy, after birth and cumulative exposure during pregnancy and after birth. The study also employs spatial analysis to assess the spatial burden of stunted growth in relation to environmental exposures and socioeconomic factors. The findings suggest major air pollutants are associated with stunted growth among children in sub-Saharan Africa.
Regadenoson is an A2A adenosine receptor agonist that is a coronary vasodilator [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.1)]. Regadenoson is chemically described as 2-[4-[(methylamino)carbonyl]-1H-pyrazol-1-yl] adenosine. Its structural formula is:

  


  
The molecular formula for regadenoson is C15H18N8O5 and its molecular weight is 390.35. Regadenoson injection is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution for intravenous injection. The solution is clear and colorless. Each 1 mL in the 5 mL prefilled syringe contains 0.08 mg regadenoson on an anhydrous basis, 10.9 mg dibasic sodium phosphate dihydrate, 5.4 mg monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate, 150 mg propylene glycol, 1 mg edetate disodium dihydrate and Water for Injection, with pH between 6.3 and 7.7.
FIELD: medicine, endocrinology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to method of treatment or prophylaxis of diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance or diabetes mellitus complications. Method involves administration of essential fatty acid prepared after stage 6 of unsaturation in n-6 and n-3 of metabolic pathways and biocompatible disulfide as active substances. The proposed method shows the enhanced efficiency due to synergistic effect of composition to be administrated. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of compositions, valuable medicinal properties. 5 cl, 2 dwg, 1 tbl
This observational study will evaluate the feasibility and safety of functional performance testing in patients undergoing HCT. In addition to standard of care procedures, participants will undergo a CPET with a rest and stress echo, pulmonary function, and patient reported outcome questionnaires within 30 days of HCT.
As with other NSAIDs, anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions may occur in patients without known prior exposure to indomethacin. Indomethacin should not be given to patients with the aspirin triad. This symptom complex typically occurs in asthmatic patients who experience rhinitis with or without nasal polyps, or who exhibit severe, potentially fatal bronchospasm after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs (see CONTRAINDICATIONS and PRECAUTIONS:General:Preexisting Asthma). Emergency help should be sought in cases where an anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reaction occurs. 

Skin Reactions

NSAIDs, including indomethacin, can cause serious skin adverse events such as exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), which can be fatal. These serious events may occur without warning. Patients should be informed about the signs and symptoms of serious skin manifestations and use of the drug should be discontinued at the first appearance of skin rash or any other sign of hypersensitivity.

Pregnancy

In late pregnancy, as with other NSAIDs, indomethacin should be avoided because it may cause premature closure of the ductus arteriosus.

Ocular Effects

Corneal deposits and retinal disturbances, including those of the macula, have been observed in some patients who had received prolonged therapy with indomethacin. The prescribing physician should be alert to the possible association between the changes noted and indomethacin. It is advisable to discontinue therapy if such changes are observed. Blurred vision may be a significant symptom and warrants a thorough ophthalmological examination. Since these changes may be asymptomatic, ophthalmologic examination at periodic intervals is desirable in patients where therapy is prolonged.

Central Nervous System Effects

Indomethacin may aggravate depression or other psychiatric disturbances, epilepsy, and parkinsonism, and should be used with considerable caution in patients with these conditions. If severe CNS adverse reactions develop, indomethacin should be discontinued.

Indomethacin may cause drowsiness; therefore, patients should be cautioned about engaging in activities requiring mental alertness and motor coordination, such as driving a car. Indomethacin may also cause headache. Headache which persists despite dosage reduction requires cessation of therapy with indomethacin.
The study population consists of carefully chosen patients with potential hematological malignancy, for which current diagnostic methods were not sufficient to provide clear-cut diagnosis and definitive clinical guidance. SIRIUS will be conducted for a total number of 110 patients with inconclusive diagnosis by gold standard techniques for a total of up to nine months after the first enrollment.
The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of XOLAIR. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Anaphylaxis: Based on spontaneous reports and an estimated exposure of about 57,300 patients from June 2003 through December 2006, the frequency of anaphylaxis attributed to XOLAIR use was estimated to be at least 0.2% of patients.

Diagnostic criteria of anaphylaxis were skin or mucosal tissue involvement, and, either airway compromise, and/or reduced blood pressure with or without associated symptoms, and a temporal relationship to XOLAIR administration with no other identifiable cause. Signs and symptoms in these reported cases included bronchospasm, hypotension, syncope, urticaria, angioedema of the throat or tongue, dyspnea, cough, chest tightness, and/or cutaneous angioedema. Pulmonary involvement was reported in 89% of the cases. Hypotension or syncope was reported in 14% of cases. Fifteen percent of the reported cases resulted in hospitalization. A previous history of anaphylaxis unrelated to XOLAIR was reported in 24% of the cases.

Of the reported cases of anaphylaxis attributed to XOLAIR, 39% occurred with the first dose, 19% occurred with the second dose, 10% occurred with the third dose, and the rest after subsequent doses. One case occurred after 39 doses (after 19 months of continuous therapy, anaphylaxis occurred when treatment was restarted following a 3-month gap). The time to onset of anaphylaxis in these cases was up to 30 minutes in 35%, greater than 30 and up to 60 minutes in 16%, greater than 60 and up to 90 minutes in 2%, greater than 90 and up to 120 minutes in 6%, greater than 2 hours and up to 6 hours in 5%, greater than 6 hours and up to 12 hours in 14%, greater than 12 hours and up to 24 hours in 8%, and greater than 24 hours and up to 4 days in 5%. In 9% of cases the times to onset were unknown.

Twenty-three patients who experienced anaphylaxis were rechallenged with XOLAIR and 18 patients had a recurrence of similar symptoms of anaphylaxis. In addition, anaphylaxis occurred upon rechallenge with XOLAIR in 4 patients who previously experienced urticaria only.

Eosinophilic Conditions: Eosinophilic conditions have been reported [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)].

Fever, Arthralgia, and Rash: A constellation of signs and symptoms including arthritis/arthralgia, rash (urticaria or other forms), fever and lymphadenopathy similar to serum sickness have been reported in post-approval use of XOLAIR [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].

Hematologic: Severe thrombocytopenia has been reported.

Skin: Hair loss has been reported.
PURPOSE:A fatty emulsion, containing ubidecarenone in a fatty emulsion having a specific particle diameter, having rapid migration property in a large amount to the target internal organs and high safety in sterilization and preservation, intravenously administrable and useful for improving cardiac function. CONSTITUTION:A fatty emulsion, containing ubidecarenone as an essential ingredient in a fatty emulsion having 0.4mum average particle diameter. The above-mentioned fatty emulsion is obtained by blending given amounts of an oil ingredient, e.g. soybean oil, with phospholipid, particularly egg yolk lecithin or soybean lecithin, ubidecarenone and, as necessary, an additive, e.g. emulsification adjuvant, stabilizer, isotonizing agent, etc., heating the resultant blend to form a solution, homogenizing the solution with a normally used homogenizer to prepare a water-in-oil type dispersion, adding a required amount of water, rehomogenizing the resultant dispersion and converting the dispersion into an oil-in-water type emulsion. The content of the ubidecarenone is 0.01-50wt/vol%, preferably 0.1-30wt/vol%. The above-mentioned fatty emulsion is preferably subjecteddto sterilizing operation and preservation at 3-8pH, particular 4-7pH.
Patients receive olaparib PO BID on days 1-10 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Within 12-24 hours, patients undergo biopsy or surgery as clinically appropriate per institutional standards for management of patient's disease.
Intra-articular irrigation was performed under local anesthesia with subcutaneous injection of 1%lidocaine solution (0.6 to 0.9 mL anaesthetic solution )was injected to block the auriculotemporal nerve. Then the skin on the TMJ was penetrated with a 21-gauge needle at the articular fossa followed by the injection of 3 mL Ringer solution to distend the joint space, pumping it in and out repeatedly. Another 21-gauge needle was inserted into the distended compartment in the area of the articular eminence, and the superior joint space was irrigated with 200 mL Ringer solution, allowing a free flow through the first needle in the both groups .In this group patients received 1mg dexamethasone after finishing the irrigation .
BACKGROUND: Moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI) carries high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Accurate neuroprognostication is essential in guiding clinical decisions, including patient triage and transition to comfort measures. Here we provide recommendations regarding the reliability of major clinical predictors and prediction models commonly used in msTBI neuroprognostication, guiding clinicians in counseling surrogate decision-makers.
METHODS: Using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology, we conducted a systematic narrative review of the most clinically relevant predictors and prediction models cited in the literature. The review involved framing specific population/intervention/comparator/outcome/timing/setting (PICOTS) questions and employing stringent full-text screening criteria to examine the literature, focusing on four GRADE criteria: quality of evidence, desirability of outcomes, values and preferences, and resource use. Moreover, good practice recommendations addressing the key principles of neuroprognostication were drafted.
RESULTS: After screening 8125 articles, 41 met our eligibility criteria. Ten clinical variables and nine grading scales were selected. Many articles varied in defining "poor" functional outcomes. For consistency, we treated "poor" as "unfavorable". Although many clinical variables are associated with poor outcome in msTBI, only the presence of bilateral pupillary nonreactivity on admission, conditional on accurate assessment without confounding from medications or injuries, was deemed moderately reliable for counseling surrogates regarding 6-month functional outcomes or in-hospital mortality. In terms of prediction models, the Corticosteroid Randomization After Significant Head Injury (CRASH)-basic, CRASH-CT (CRASH-basic extended by computed tomography features), International Mission for Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials in TBI (IMPACT)-core, IMPACT-extended, and IMPACT-lab models were recommended as moderately reliable in predicting 14-day to 6-month mortality and functional outcomes at 6 months and beyond. When using "moderately reliable" predictors or prediction models, the clinician must acknowledge "substantial" uncertainty in the prognosis.
CONCLUSIONS: These guidelines provide recommendations to clinicians on the formal reliability of individual predictors and prediction models of poor outcome when counseling surrogates of patients with msTBI and suggest broad principles of neuroprognostication.
Eligible patients are those who have measurable solid tumors as detected by CT or MRI that have persisted, recurred, or metastasized despite therapy. Part 1 and Part 2 Cohort A will include patients who have solid tumors with cutaneous/subcutaneous tumor lesions, such as melanoma, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, and cutaneous/subcutaneous metastasis from pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, etc. Part 2 Cohort B will include patients who have visceral tumors. Patients who were previously treated with IMLYGIC (Talimogene laherparepvec, T-Vec) but did not achieve an optimal response to T-Vec are eligible to receive OH2 if otherwise per protocol (refer to Section 5 for detailed enrollment criteria). The study will be conducted in 2 parts as described below. Both parts will consist of a screening period of up to 28 days, a treatment period and a follow-up period (safety and long-term follow up). Treatment period of Part 1 will include an initial treatment period (namely DLT (dose-limiting toxicity) observation period, 3 doses of OH2) and an optional extended treatment period (repeated every 2 weeks).
The term "inflammatory bowel disease" (IBD) describes a class of relapse-remitting conditions that affect the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Among these, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are two of the most globally prevalent and debilitating conditions. Several articles have brought attention to the significant role that inflammation and oxidative stress cooperatively play in the development of IBD, offering a different viewpoint both on its etiopathogenesis and on strategies for the effective treatment of these conditions. Marine ecosystems may be a significant source of physiologically active substances, supporting the search for new potential clinical therapeutics. Based on this evidence, this review aims to comprehensively evaluate the activity of marine algae and deriving biomolecules in decreasing pathological features of CD and UC. To match this purpose, a deep search of the literature on PubMed (MEDLINE) and Google Scholar was performed to highlight primary biological mechanisms, the modulation of inflammatory and oxidative stress biochemical parameters, and potential clinical benefits deriving from marine species. From our findings, both macroalgae and microalgae have shown potential as therapeutic solutions for IBD due to their bioactive compounds and their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities which are capable of modulating markers such as cytokines, the NF-κB pathway, reactive oxidative and nitrosative species (ROS and RNS), trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), lactoferrin, SIRT1, etc. However, while we found promising preclinical evidence, more extensive and long-term clinical studies are necessary to establish the efficacy and safety of marine algae for IBD treatment.
This is a Phase I randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial in up to 25 males and non-pregnant females, 18-45 years old, inclusive, who are in good health and meet all eligibility criteria. This trial is designed to assess the safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a single intranasal dose of Sendai virus vectored Respiratory Syncytial Virus (SeVRSV) vaccine. The subjects will be randomly assigned in a 4:1 ratio to receive SeVRSV vaccine at a dose of 1 x 10\^7 EID50 or placebo (saline) intranasally. Since this is a first in human, phase I study, the first two subjects (sentinels) will be enrolled in the SeVRSV treatment arm. Safety and laboratory data will be collected through 14 days post vaccination. If none of the predefined halting criteria of sentinel subjects are met, enrollment of the remaining subjects will proceed. If any of the pre-defined halting criteria of sentinel subjects are met, an electronic review by the SMC will be required prior to continuation of the study. While safety is evaluated for the sentinel subjects, no new subjects will be enrolled, but screening may continue. Study duration is approximately 11 months with subject participation duration approximately 6 months. The primary objectives are to: 1) assess the safety and reactogenicity of SeVRSV vaccine following receipt of one intranasal dose; 2) assess the ELISA antibody responses to SeV and to the RSV F protein at 28 days post receipt of one intranasal dose of SeVRSV vaccine; 3) assess the detection of vaccine virus from nasal washes at days 3, 5, 8 and 15 following receipt of one intranasal dose of SeVRSV vaccine.
Cortical vision impairment (CVI) and Cerebral Palsy (CP) lead to decrement in sensory and motor functions of infants. The current study examined the effectiveness of sensory integration interventions on sensory, motor, and oculomotor skills in infants with cortical vision impairment. Thirty-four infants with CVI and CP aged 12-18 months were enrolled to the study. The infants were randomly divided into 2 groups as the control and intervention groups. The intervention group took sensory integration intervention 2 days a week for 8 weeks in addition to conventional physiotherapy two days a week for eight weeks. The control group only received the conventional physiotherapy program 2 days a week for 8 weeks. The duration of the treatment sessions were 45 minutes for both interventions. Before and after the intervention, sensory processing functions were evaluated with the Test of Sensory Functions in Infants (TSFI) and motor functions were evaluated with the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS).
As persons with HIV live longer as the result of antiretroviral therapy, morbidity from HIV-associated noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is increasing. The Vanderbilt-Nigeria Building Research Capacity in HIV and Noncommunicable Diseases program is a training platform created with the goal of training a cohort of successful Nigerian investigators to become leaders in HIV-associated NCD research. We describe survey findings from two week-long workshops in Kano, Nigeria, where trainees received instruction in implementation science and grant writing. Surveys assessed participants' self-perceived knowledge and confidence in topics taught during these workshops. Thirty-seven participants (all assistant professors) attended the implementation science workshop; 30 attended the grant-writing workshop. Response rates for the implementation science workshop were 89.2% for the preworkshop survey and 91.9% for the postworkshop survey. For the grant-writing workshop, these values were 88.2% and 85.3%, respectively. Improvement in participant knowledge and confidence was observed in every domain measured for both workshops. On average, a 101.4% increase in knowledge and a 118.0% increase in confidence was observed across measured domains among participants in the implementation science workshop. For the grant-writing workshop, there was a 68.8% increase in knowledge and a 70.3% increase in confidence observed. Participants rated the workshops and instructors as effective for both workshops. These workshops improved participants' knowledge and competence in implementation science and grant writing, and provide a model for training programs that aim to provide physician scientists with the skills needed to compete for independent funding, conduct locally relevant research, and disseminate research findings.
BACKGROUND: There is a potential concern about increased bleeding risk in patients receiving omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The aims of this study-level meta-analysis were to determine the risk of bleeding and to assess whether this relationship is linked to the received dose of omega-3 PUFAs or the background use of antiplatelet treatment.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Electronic databases were searched through May 2023 to identify randomized clinical trials of patients receiving omega-3 PUFAs. Overall bleeding events, including fatal and central nervous system events, were identified and compared with those of a control group. A total of 120 643 patients from 11 randomized clinical trials were included. There was no difference in the pooled meta-analytic events of bleeding among patients receiving omega-3 PUFAs and those in the control group (rate ratio [RR], 1.09 [95% CI, 0.91-1.31]; P=0.34). Likewise, the incidence of hemorrhagic stroke, intracranial bleeding, and gastrointestinal bleeding were similar. A prespecified analysis was performed in patients receiving high-dose purified eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which demonstrated a 50% increase in the relative risk of bleeding but only a modest increase in the absolute risk of bleeding (0.6%) when compared with placebo. Bleeding risk was associated with the dose of EPA (risk difference, 0.24 [95% CI, 0.05-0.43]; P=0.02) but not the background use of antiplatelet therapy (risk difference, -0.01 [95% CI, -0.02 to 0]; P=0.056).
CONCLUSIONS: Omega-3 PUFAs were not associated with increased bleeding risk. Patients receiving high-dose purified EPA may incur additional bleeding risk, although its clinical significance is very modest.