anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary wedge resection is one of the most common types of operations performed by thoracic surgeons, especially given that more and more patients with ground glass nodules are being detected recently. One of the most significant current discussion concerning wedge resection is nodule localization. At present, a commonly used localization method is the CT-guided percutaneous lung puncture methylene blue staining marker localization, but this method has two main disadvantages: 1. the methylene blue dye is easy to spread, affecting the intraoperative judgment of nodule position by surgeon; 2. patients often suffer additional CT radiation. In recent years, the three-dimensional (3D) printing technique has been gradually applied to clinical therapy. However, 3D-printed template-guided (3D-G) localization required pre-evaluation by CT scanning. If deviation of more than 2 cm was found on the CT scan, the 3D-G method was regarded as a failure and traditional CT-G hookwire localization was used. To further clarify the confounding factors, the investigators developed their own 3D printing localization procedure. In contrast to traditional CT-G percutaneous puncture localization, the 3D printing localization procedure was performed in the operating room without CT scan evaluation.
The present invention relates to medicine for curing a Duchenne muscular dystrophy disease (DMD), which adopts curcumin to curing a DMD disease. Curcumin is extracted from crude drug curcuma by alkali to be made into an oral preparation (liquid). the present invention solves the defects of the existing medicine or a method for curing DMD diseases, wherein the existing medicine comprises immunosuppressant, corticosteroid anahormone, azathioprine, cyclosporin A, etc. The present invention has the effects of preventing the necrosis of muscle fibers, promoting the regeneration of muscle fibers, improving muscle strength, lowering biochemical criterions such as CPK, LDH, etc. and improving an obvious disease symptom. The curcumin is mainly used for curing tumor, ulcer, hepatitis, blood lipid reduction, melancholia, etc. The medicine of the present invention has wide source of raw materials and is easy to obtain. The present invention has the advantages of low cost, simple technology and convenient use for patients.
Acupoints ST25 and BL25 will be used in the group. ST25 locate at the abdomen, while BL25 locate at the back.
Adolescence is a high-risk life stage for obesity. Digital strategies are needed to prevent and manage obesity among adolescents. We assessed if digital health interventions are contributing to disparities in obesity outcomes and assessed the adequacy of reporting of digital health equity criteria across four levels of influence within the digital environment. The systematic search was conducted on 10 major electronic databases and limited to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cluster-RCTs for prevention or management of obesity among 10-19 year olds. Primary outcome was mean body mass index (BMI), or BMI z-score change. The Adapted Digital Health Equity Assessment Framework was applied to all studies. Thirty-three articles (27 unique studies with 8483 participants) were identified, with only eight studies targeting adolescents from disadvantaged populations. Post-intervention, only three studies reported significantly lower BMI outcomes in the intervention compared to control. Of the 432 digital health equity criteria assessed across 27 studies, 82% of criteria were "not addressed." Studies are not addressing digital health equity criteria or inadequately reporting information to assess if digital health interventions are contributing to disparities in obesity outcomes. Enhanced reporting is needed to inform decision-makers and support the development of equitable interventions to prevent and manage obesity among adolescents.
BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence suggests that early life stress (ELS) and neuroinflammation are associated with the pathophysiology of depression. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Vortioxetine (VOR), a novel antidepressant, on ELS-induced behavioral changes and neuroinflammation.
METHOD: Wistar Albino 4-week-old male rats were divided into four groups: control; chronic unpredictable stress (CUMS), VOR, CUMS + VOR. Neurobehavioral assessment was performed on the first, 21st, and 42nd days. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of P2X7, NLRP3, IL1β, IL18 in the prefrontal cortex. To assess the microglial activities of the prefrontal cortex, immunohistochemically stained CD68, and leukocyte common antigen (LCA) preparations were scanned with Manual WSI software, Basler camera, and scored.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION: Exposure to CUMS was associated with depression and anxiety-like behaviors, and administration of VOR led to improvement in these behaviors. NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-18 were shown to be upregulated in the prefrontal cortex of CUMS rats, while their high expression was inhibited by VOR treatment. CD68 and LCA expressions were significantly higher in the CUMS group compared to the other groups.
CONCLUSION: According to these results, it may be considered that NLRP3 inflammasome-associated neuroinflammatory response and microglial activation may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of ELS.
The present invention provides a novel process for preparation of the tannate salt of gabapentin for human and veterinary pharmaceutical use. Tannate salts of active pharmaceutical ingredients are used in sustained release applications and to improve certain organoleptic properties such as taste. However, the prior art neither discloses nor suggests the preparation of gabapentin tannate. The process for preparing gabapentin tannate includes the mixing of gabapentin and tannic acid together in the presence of one or more solvents. The method may further include the step of selecting the one or more solvents from a group consisting of purified water, ethanol, glycerin, propylene glycol, diethylether, methylene chloride, acetone, isopropyl alcohol and mixtures thereof. The process may also include the steps of isolating and purifying the tannate salt. This may be accomplished by filtration, drying, centrifugation and lyophilization. The process may utilize either natural or synthetic tannic acid.
BACKGROUND: Although hepatitis B is vaccine-preventable, it remains a significant health problem. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first hepatitis B outbreak report from Türkiye.
AIMS: To investigate the cause of hepatitis B outbreak in a nursing home for the disabled and make recommendations for prevention.
METHODS: An outbreak of acute hepatitis B was declared in a nursing home for the disabled following the admission of 3 patients from the home in a hospital. Collaborative response was initiated with the Provincial Health Directorate through the Public Health Infectious Diseases Department. We began tracking the infection and monitoring active cases. Audits and controls were carried out to determine the source, establish protection and control measures, and prevent further transmission.
RESULTS: Six of the 65 nursing home residents were diagnosed with acute hepatitis B. Four of them had diabetes and their blood glucose levels were monitored for at least 12 months. Two of the patients had received dental treatment in the last 6 months. The frequency of both variables, which may be an indication of the transmission route, was statistically significantly greater in the acute hepatitis B group. All the patients who could be sequenced were identified as genotype D. While 3 patients recovered fully, 2 were diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B and one died due to fulminant hepatitis.
CONCLUSION: Standard routine immunization should be implemented as a preventive measure for acute hepatitis B. Frequent supervision and training on hygiene practices and safety precautions should be conducted for care staff working in collective residential facilities.
Low levels of iron can lead to anaemia, known as iron deficiency anaemia, which can be debilitating due to symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and dizziness. Iron deficiency anaemia can be treated by giving iron supplementation. Iron supplements can be taken orally or can be given intravenously (through the veins). Giving iron intravenously has advantages over iron supplements taken orally, which can cause side effects such as stomach pain and cramping. However, giving iron intravenously has been associated with the development of low levels of phosphate in the blood. This is known as hypophosphataemia. Phosphate is an important salt in the body and has a number of important functions. Very low levels of phosphate can cause muscle pain, disorientation, seizures and heart problems. It is unclear why giving iron intravenously can cause hypophosphataemia. This project aims to investigate the potential causes of hypophosphataemia in patients who receive intravenous iron as treatment for anaemia associated with their condition. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and intestinal failure will be recruited to the study, since people with CKD may handle iron differently than those with healthy kidneys. Samples will be taken at two time points: prior to giving the intravenous iron and at the patient's next appointment. Healthy volunteers will also be recruited to the study to allow comparison between the groups receiving iron and those who do not receive iron. Samples will be analysed to determine potential causes of hypophosphataemia. Results from before and after iron is given will be compared to determine if any of the participants developed hypophosphataemia and if any other test are affected which may explain why this has developed.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Sarcopenic obesity is a likely common, but certainly underestimated obesity phenotype, with an important negative clinical impact. Its definition and diagnosis have however remained elusive until recently.
RECENT FINDINGS: Substantial progress has been recently made in sarcopenic obesity diagnostic tools, with the first international consensus proposed by the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO). Very encouraging results emerge from initial implementation of the ESPEN-EASO algorithm. In addition, even more recent progress in global consensus on sarcopenia conceptual definition is likely to further enhance consistency in sarcopenic obesity identification. The latter Global Leadership Initiative on Sarcopenia (GLIS) initiative also adopted a new definition of muscle specific strength. Its inclusion in sarcopenia diagnostic constructs opens the possibility of its potential evaluation in sarcopenic obesity, also considering the emerging positive impact of obesity treatment and fat loss on muscle functional parameters.
SUMMARY: New consensus tools for sarcopenic obesity diagnosis are likely to improve awareness, understanding, identification and treatment of this under-recognized obesity phenotype.
BACKGROUND: Facial nerve baroparesis is a peripheral facial nerve injury resulting from barotrauma during activities such as diving, aviation, and mountain climbing. This condition occurs when increased pressure in the middle ear affects the facial nerve, leading to facial palsy. Despite being documented in otolaryngology literature, facial nerve baroparesis remains underreported and often misunderstood. Enhanced awareness and education about this condition are essential for effectively managing affected patients, helping to mitigate unnecessary panic and procedures during episodes.
CASE PRESENTATION: We present two cases of facial nerve baroparesis that occurred during flights. The first case involves a 25-year-old Arab male with no significant medical history who experienced a transient, one-time episode of right-sided facial nerve baroparesis during a flight from Kuwait to Syria; he reported nasal congestion and a sore throat prior to the flight, with the episode lasting approximately 30 min before resolving spontaneously. The second case is a 30-year-old Arab female with a history of chronic allergic rhinitis, who has experienced recurrent episodes of left-sided facial nerve baroparesis for the past 2 years, occurring during nearly every flight; each episode lasted around 5 min, caused severe facial pain, and also resolved spontaneously. Both patients exhibited varying degrees of Eustachian tube dysfunction. Treatment for the recurrent case included maneuvers to alleviate ear pressure and the use of nasal decongestants, which improved symptoms and decreased the frequency of episodes.
CONCLUSION: Facial nerve baroparesis is frequently underestimated due to its temporary nature, yet it remains a significant cause of facial nerve palsy, especially after changes in pressure. Although the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood, dysfunction of the Eustachian tube is believed to be a contributing factor. Identifying the characteristic features of baroparesis-such as rapid onset, brief duration, and bilateral involvement of facial muscles-is essential for effective management. This highlights the necessity of educating healthcare professionals and flight personnel about this condition to prevent unnecessary treatments. For recurrent cases, management strategies should focus on alleviating Eustachian tube dysfunction.
BACKGROUND: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multisystem genetic disorder that classically presents with symptoms associated with myotonia, early onset cataracts, and muscular weakness, although the presentation and pattern of disease progression is quite varied. Presenting symptoms are well documented among adults with DM1. However, less is known about the co-occurrence of symptoms over time. We aimed to use factor analysis to explore the correlation pattern of signs and symptoms (S/S) that emerged during the clinical course.
RESULTS: Clinical records of 228 individuals with adult onset DM1 were abstracted using the Muscular Dystrophy Surveillance, Tracking, and Research Network (MD STARnet) from a six-site cohort in the United States during an eight-year study period. Factor analysis was used to group the correlated S/S into latent factors. Three factors were identified. Group 1: 'Facial Weakness/Myotonia' includes the two most common S/S, as indicated by its name. Group 2: 'Skeletal Muscle Weakness' includes eight muscular S/S and is more frequently reported by males and those with older age at onset. Group 3: 'Gastrointestinal distress/Sleepiness' includes four non-muscular S/S and hand stiffness. The abstracted medical records reported that over 63% of individuals had S/S from all three groups. Associations of covariates with factor scores were also examined using linear regression. CTG repeat length was significantly positively associated with higher factor scores for all three factors.
CONCLUSIONS: This study identified three latent factors of S/S which accumulated during the clinical course of adult onset DM1.
OBJECTIVE: Observational studies suggest a connection between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. It, however, remains unclear whether such a connection is causal. This study aims to examine the association between NAFLD and CRC using a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) method.
METHODS: Summary statistics for NAFLD were obtained from four genome-wide association studies, including 8434 cases and 770 180 controls. Meanwhile, CRC and controls (1803 vs. 174 006) were collected from the FinnGen. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used primarily, while sensitivity analyses were conducted via the weighted median, MR Egger method, simple mode, and weighted mode to enhance result reliability.
RESULTS: We found a positive correlation between NAFLD and CRC by IVW method in the forward MR analysis (odds ratio = 1.270, 95% confidence interval: 1.154-1.398, P = 1.092 × 10-6). Inverse MR analysis, however, suggested that CRC may not have a causal effect on NAFLD. Besides, we observed an absence of horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity in this MR analysis.
CONCLUSION: Our forward MR study found that NAFLD may increase CRC risk. In contrast, CRC may not have a causal relationship with NAFLD. This study provides genetic evidence supporting a cause-and-effect association between NAFLD and CRC.
BACKGROUND: Previous lumbar spine surgery is a frequent exclusion criterion for studies evaluating lumbar surgery outcomes. In real-life clinical settings, this patient population is important, as a notable proportion of patients evaluated for lumbar spine surgery have undergone prior lumbar surgery already previously. Knowledge about the long-term outcomes after microdiscectomy on patients with previous lumbar surgery and how they compare to those of first-time surgery is lacking.
METHODS: The original patient cohort for screening included 615 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for lumbar disc herniation, with a median follow-up time of 18.1 years. Of these patients, 89 (19%) had undergone lumbar spine surgery prior to the index surgery. Propensity score matching (based on age, sex, and follow-up time) was utilized to match two patients without prior surgery with each patient with a previous surgery. The primary outcome measure was the need for further lumbar spine surgery during the follow-up period, and the secondary outcome measures consisted of present-time patient-reported outcome measures (Oswestry Disability Index, EuroQol-5D) and present-time ability to carry out employment.
RESULTS: Patients who received previous lumbar surgeries had a higher need for further surgery (44% vs. 28%, p = 0.009) and had a shorter time to further surgery than the propensity score-matched cohort (mean Kaplan-Meier estimate, 15.7 years vs. 19.8 years, p = 0.008). Patients with prior surgery reported inferior Oswestry Disability Index scores (13.7 vs. 8.0, p = 0.036). and EQ-5D scores (0.77 vs. 0.86, p = 0.01). In addition, they had a higher frequency of receiving lumbar spine-related disability pensions than the other patients (12% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with previous lumbar surgery had inferior long-term outcomes compared to patients without prior surgery. However, the vast majority of these patients improved quickly after the index surgery. Furthermore, the difference in the patients' reported outcomes was small at the long-term follow-up, and they reported high satisfaction with the results of the study surgery. Hence, surgery for these patients should be considered if surgical indications are met, but special care needs must be accounted for when deliberating upon their indications for surgery.
Androgen therapy has been widely promoted in women with low serum testosterone levels for the treatment of sexual dysfunction and also for potentially improving body composition, muscle performance, bone mineral density and cognition. Androgens are known to exert direct anabolic effects on skeletal muscle. Testosterone supplementation results in dose-dependent increases in both muscle mass and strength in men. Similarly, our group has also demonstrated that 24-weeks of testosterone administration in hysterectomized women with low testosterone levels was associated with dose and concentration-dependent gains in lean body mass, chest-press power and loaded stair-climb power. Given that androgen receptors have been shown to be expressed throughout the pelvic floor and lower urinary tract, the anabolic effects of androgens on pelvic floor muscles and urethral sphincter may provide a therapeutic option in women with urinary incontinence.

In spite of the recognition of the important role of androgens in regulation of pelvic floor muscle mass and function, no randomized trials of the effects of testosterone or selective androgen receptor modulators have been published. Towards our long-term goal of conducting such a randomized efficacy trial of the effect of androgens in women with urinary incontinence, this initial pilot study will provide important data as a proof-of-the concept that the mass and function of levator ani and other pelvic floor muscles can be increased meaningfully by administration of testosterone, and that the increase in the mass and function of pelvic floor muscles will be associated with significant improvements in urodynamic parameters. Although MRI has been used clinically to evaluate pelvic floor anatomy, dynamic MRI of the pelvic floor muscles coupled with urodynamic studies has not been standardized previously; an important aim of this pilot study is to optimize the procedures for dynamic MR imaging of the pelvic floor structures and couple them with evaluation of urodynamics of the urinary bladder, bladder sphincter, and the urethra. Furthermore, the preliminary estimates of effect size and variance generated in this pilot study will guide the estimates of sample size and statistical power in subsequent larger randomized efficacy trials of androgens in women with urinary incontinence.
The efficacy of AMVUTTRA was evaluated in a randomized, open-label clinical trial in adult patients with polyneuropathy caused by hATTR amyloidosis (Study 1; NCT03759379). Patients were randomized 3:1 to receive 25 mg of AMVUTTRA subcutaneously once every 3 months (N=122), or 0.3 mg/kg patisiran intravenously every 3 weeks (N=42) as a reference group. Ninety-seven percent of AMVUTTRA-treated patients and 93% of patisiran-treated patients completed at least 9 months of the assigned treatment.

Efficacy assessments were based on a comparison of the AMVUTTRA arm of Study 1 with an external placebo group in another study (NCT01960348) composed of a comparable population of adult patients with polyneuropathy caused by hATTR amyloidosis.

The primary efficacy endpoint was the change from baseline to Month 9 in modified Neuropathy Impairment Score +7 (mNIS+7). The mNIS+7 is an objective assessment of neuropathy and comprises the NIS and Modified +7 composite scores. In the version of the mNIS+7 used in the trial, the NIS objectively measures deficits in cranial nerve function, muscle strength, and reflexes, and the +7 assesses postural blood pressure, quantitative sensory testing, and peripheral nerve electrophysiology. The mNIS+7 has a total score range from 0 to 304 points, with higher scores representing a greater severity of disease.

The clinical meaningfulness of effects on the mNIS+7 was assessed by the change from baseline to Month 9 in Norfolk Quality of Life-Diabetic Neuropathy (QoL-DN) total score. The Norfolk QoL-DN scale is a patient-reported assessment that evaluates the subjective experience of neuropathy in the following domains: physical functioning/large fiber neuropathy, activities of daily living, symptoms, small fiber neuropathy, and autonomic neuropathy. The Norfolk QoL-DN has a total score range from -4 to 136, with higher scores representing greater impairment.

Additional endpoints were gait speed, as measured by the 10-meter walk test (10MWT), and modified body mass index (mBMI).

Treatment with AMVUTTRA in Study 1 resulted in statistically significant improvements in the mNIS+7, Norfolk QoL-DN total score, and 10-meter walk test at Month 9 compared to placebo in the external study (p<0.001) [Table 3, Figure 1, and Figure 3]. The distributions of changes in mNIS+7 and Norfolk QoL-DN total scores from baseline to Month 9 by percent of patients are shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, respectively.

The change from baseline to Month 9 in modified body mass index nominally favored AMVUTTRA [Table 3].

Patients receiving AMVUTTRA in Study 1 experienced similar improvements relative to those in the external placebo group in mNIS+7 and Norfolk QoL-DN total score across all subgroups including age, sex, race, region, NIS score, Val30Met genotype status, and disease stage.