anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Study in Healthy Normal Volunteers

TROKENDI XR ®taken once a day provides steady state plasma levels comparable to immediate-release topiramate taken every 12 hours, when administered at the same total 200-mg daily dose. In a crossover study, 33 healthy subjects were titrated to a 200-mg dose of either TROKENDI XR ®or immediate-release topiramate and were maintained at 200 mg per day for 10 days. 

The 90% CI for the ratios of AUC 0-24, C maxand C min, as well as partial AUC (the area under the concentration-time curve from time 0 to time p (post dose) for multiple time points were within the 80 to 125% bioequivalence limits, indicating no clinically significant difference between the two formulations. In addition, the 90% CI for the ratios of topiramate plasma concentration at each of multiple time points over 24 hours for the two formulations were within the 80 to 125% bioequivalence limits, except for the initial time points before 1.5 hours post-dose. 

Study in Patients with Epilepsy

In a study in epilepsy patients treated with immediate-release topiramate alone or in combination with either enzyme-inducing or neutral AEDs who were switched to an equivalent daily dose of TROKENDI XR ®, there was a 10% decrease in AUC 0-24, C max, and C minon the first day after the switch in all patients. At steady state, AUC 0-24and C maxwere comparable to immediate-release topiramate in all patients. While patients treated with TROKENDI XR ®alone or in combination with neutral AEDs showed comparable C minat steady state, patients treated with enzyme-inducers showed a 10% decrease in C min. This difference is likely not clinically significant and probably due to the small number of patients on enzyme-inducers.
According to the MFC MRD status after the first consolidation (MRDcon1), the MRDcon1 positive patients were categorized into high-risk group (i.e., risk stratification). All the patients in high-risk group who fulfilled all inclusion/exclusion criteria were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive a second consolidation therapy (intervention group) or receive allo-HSCT directly (control group).
Inside the hospital: All participants have received the written materials. Patients with high tobacco dependence (Fagerstrom screening test score 5 or higher) have received also Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT). The written materials provided information on benefits of quitting and strategies for a successful quit plan, including information on relapse prevention. Post discharge extended treatment: Participants in this arm have received a telephone counseling session using a motivational interviewing approach and fifteen or eight days of text messages. The timing, duration, and content of the counseling session were consistent with guideline-based recommendations.
The invention relates to formulas and preparation methods of traditional Chinese medicine external washing powder and effervescent tablets. The formula of the external washing powder comprises 3750g of heaven ailanthus fruit, 6250g of radix et rhizome rhei, 3750g of clematis chinensis osbeck, 3125g of bletilla striata, and 3125g of glauber salt. The preparation method of the external washing powder comprises the steps that: the medicine materials are weighed according to the formula; the medicine materials are respectively crushed and grinded into powders with particle sizes of 200 meshes; the powders are well-mixed; and the mixed powder is packed according to a specification of 20g/pack, such that the external washing powder is prepared. The formula of the external washing effervescent tablets comprises raw medicine materials and auxiliary materials. The raw medicine materials comprise 690g of heaven ailanthus fruit, 1110g of radix et rhizome rhei, 690g of clematis chinensis osbeck, 520g of bletilla striata, and 520g of glauber salt. The auxiliary materials comprise 650g of citric acid, 780g of sodium bicarbonate, 1105g of starch, 260g of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 195g of hydroxypropyl cellulose, and 6000195g of polyethylene glycol. The preparation method of the external washing effervescent tablets comprises steps that: (1) an extract powder is prepared; (2) the extract powder is divided into two portions; 650g of citric acid is added to one portion of the extract powder, and the mixture is well-mixed, granulated, dried, and shaped; 780g of sodium bicarbonate is added to the other portion of the extract powder, and the mixture is well-mixed, granulated, dried, and shaped; (3) 195g of hydroxypropyl cellulose, and 6000195g of polyethylene glycol are added to the granules obtained from step (2); the mixture is well-mixed, and is pressed into tablets.
The 1991 Gulf War (GW) was fought by a coalition of 30 countries that included 700,000 U.S. troops. Although the war itself lasted two months, adverse health consequences from this conflict are still experienced by GW veterans. Soon after their return, many soldiers started reporting multiple, seemingly unrelated symptoms, such as memory impairment, fatigue, gastrointestinal problems, and widespread pain. This illness, termed Gulf War Illness (GWI), affects about 32% of GW veterans. Several preclinical studies suggest the presence of bioenergetic deficits in the blood and brains of veterans with GWI, as well as in the mouse models of this illness. The investigators' recent work shows that plasma levels of bioenergetic metabolites, such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), are lower in veterans with GWI compared to healthy GW controls. This corresponds with low Sirt1 levels in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from veterans with GWI. Given the importance of NAD+ in cellular bioenergetics, various approaches have been explored for supplementing NAD+. Among these, supplementation with the NAD+ precursor nicotinamide riboside (NR) appears to be a viable option, since this form of NAD+ can enter the cell and cross the blood-brain-barrier. The investigators' recent animal studies show that supplementation with NR, a member of the vitamin B3 family, can correct the bioenergetic deficits in GWI mice, which corresponds with an improvement in fatigue-type behavior that is commonly reported by veterans with GWI. The main objective of this project is to determine, through the use of metabolomics and biochemical assays, if NR supplementation can maintain a healthy bioenergetic profile in the blood of veterans with GWI. The secondary objective is to determine if NR can maintain healthy blood lipid and immune biomarker profiles in GWI veterans. The study will also explore whether NR can improve general health and well-being of veterans with GWI.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled aqueous solution having improved resistance to the pharmacopoeial first solution, by adding a cellulosic ether or ether derivative having carboxyl groups in the molecule to a mixed solvent consisting of aqueous ammonia and a lower alkanol. CONSTITUTION:A cellulosic ester derivative or cellulosic ether derivative, e.g. hydroxypropyl cellulose, having carboxyl groups in the molecule is dissolved in a mixed solvent consisting of aqueous ammonia and a 1-3C lower alkanol, e.g. ethanol, to give an aqueous solution in the mixed solvent. The alkanol can be reduced to about 2-60wt%, based on the total solvent composition, which can be regarded as substantially the complete aqueous system. The resultant composition has improved resistance to the pharmacopoeial first solution without containing carboxyl groups in the ammonium salt form, and a far lower viscosity than the solution consisting of an organic solvent, and a good film is obtained in coating a solid pharmaceutical.
Prodn. is by successive dilutions of a drug according to korsakow's method. At least one dilution flask is mounted in a shaker unit. The flask is automatically charged with distilled water and a minute dose of drug for dilution. - When sufficient agitation has ensured homogeneous dilution, a vacuum pump sucks out the liq. which is collected via a sepg. trap. Without removing the flask from its shaker, the next charge of distilled water is pumped in. Further dilutions proceed as required.  (0/7) GBAB- GB2155204 B A Korsakovian dilution apparatus for processing one bottle by impregnating the inner wall of said one bottle with a tincture and repeatedly filling said one bottle with a predetermined amount of fluid, agitating said one bottle to dissolve a portion of said tincture into said fluid to produce a solution, and emptying said solution from said bottle for a predetermined number of cycles, said Korsakovian dilution apparatus comprising: bottle clamping means for securing said one bottle; fluid supply means for selectively supplying said one bottle with said predetermined amount of fluid; shaking means selectively imparting a shaking motion to said bottle clamping means such that a portion of said tincture dissolves in said fluid to produce said solution; solution removal means selectively operable to draw said solution from said one bottle; automatic control means sequentially controlling said fluid supply means, said shaking means, and said removal means to repeatedly produce said solution from said predetermined amount of said fluid; and automatic counting means counting the number of cycles of operation controlled by said automatic control means.
Intervention: iLA activve treatment. iLA activve treatment also requires anticoagulation with un-fractionized heparin and pre-defined PTT-goals (45s-60s depending on blood flow).
Elite senior wrestlers in the Greco-Roman style participated in the study. These wrestlers had not participated in field training for a minimum of 14 weeks due to the Covid-19 epidemic, and this study focuses on their performance and autonomous system response after resuming field training.
This group serves as the comparison group for the evaluation of the smoking cessation intervention at Time 1 and Time 2 data collection to complete the group randomized trial. This group of clinicians then has Time 3 data collection focused on weight management receives a revised intervention focused on teachable moment communication for weight management and has Time 4 data collected to evaluate the teachable moment for weight management training as a pre-post design.
The reliability of neck circumference measurement as an assessment tool for older adults requiring long-term care remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of neck circumference measurement in older adults requiring long-term care, and the effect of edema on measurement error. Two physical therapists measured the neck circumference. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analyses were performed to examine the reliability of neck circumference measurement. Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between edema values (extracellular water/total body water) and neck circumference measurement difference. For inter-rater reliability of neck circumference measurement, the overall ICC (2,1) was 0.98. The upper and lower limits of the difference between examiners ranged from -0.9 to 1.2 cm. There was no association between edema values and neck circumference measurement error. Thus, measurement of the neck circumference in older adults requiring long-term care is a reliable assessment tool, with a low error rate, even in older adults with edema.
Participants will receive rituximab 1 gram intravenously (IV) on Days 1 and 15 of each course of retreatment. In addition, participants will receive methotrexate 10-25 milligrams per week (mg/week) orally or parenterally, methylprednisolone 100 mg IV 30 minutes prior to both rituximab infusions, and a stable dose of folic acid greater than or equal to (\>=) 5 mg/week or equivalent. Participants will receive retreatment (next course of rituximab repeat treatment) within 2 weeks of meeting the retreatment criteria as defined in the protocol (minimum of 24 weeks after the first \[Day 1\] infusion of the last course of rituximab). Repeat treatment will be based on the investigator's decision of prior clinical response to rituximab, clinical need and evidence of active disease (Disease Activity Score in 28 joints \>=2.6). Retreatment with rituximab will be continued until withdrawal of consent or study treatment completion on 31 December 2011, whichever is sooner.
Participants will receive a single dose of RMC-5552 at the RP2D approximately 4 hours prior to participants' scheduled surgical resection as part of standard of care. After recovering from surgery (about 3-6 weeks), participants will continue receiving RMC-5552 weekly in 21-day cycles until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
To grasp an action of a patient who is known to have caught infectious disease, in a facility.SOLUTION: A medical information processing apparatus according to an embodiment comprises: a first acquisition unit; an extraction unit; a first calculation unit; a generation unit; and an output control unit. The first acquisition unit acquires identification information that can identify a subject from each of subjects entering into a facility. When at least one of the subjects is known to have caught predetermined disease, the extraction unit extracts an action of a target subject taken at each position within the facility from action history information, in which actions within the facility of each of subjects identified by the identification information are recorded, on the basis of identification information of the target subject having caught the disease. The first calculation unit calculates a first risk value that the disease gives an ambient environment for each position within the facility, on the basis of the action of the target subject extracted by the extraction unit. The generation unit generates a risk map representing the first risk value of each position calculated by the first calculation unit. The output control unit performs controlling to output the risk map generated by the generation unit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
Background: Distal radius fractures, particularly in elderly individuals, are a common problem associated with increasing age and hormonal changes. The choice of treatment, such as cast immobilization or percutaneous pinning, plays a crucial role in achieving optimal functional outcomes and facilitating a return to normal activities. This study aimed to compare the radiological and clinical outcomes of cast immobilization and percutaneous pinning in elderly patients with distal radius fractures.

Methods: This prospective randomized controlled trial enrolled participants aged over 60 years with AO23-A2 or AO23-A3 distal radius fractures and no contraindications for local anesthesia. The participants were randomly assigned to either the cast immobilization or percutaneous pinning group. Follow-up was conducted for 3 months, during which radiological outcomes and clinical outcomes were assessed. Radiological parameters included radial angulation, while clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Disability of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score, range of motion, and grip strength. Additionally, data on complications and pain levels measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were collected for the percutaneous pinning group under local anesthesia.
BACKGROUND: Plaque composition and wall shear stress (WSS) magnitude act as well-established players in coronary plaque progression. However, WSS magnitude per se does not completely capture the mechanical stimulus to which the endothelium is subjected, since endothelial cells experience changes in the WSS spatiotemporal configuration on the luminal surface. This study explores WSS profile and lipid content signatures of plaque progression to identify novel biomarkers of coronary atherosclerosis.
METHODS: Thirty-seven patients with acute coronary syndrome underwent coronary computed tomography angiography, near-infrared spectroscopy intravascular ultrasound, and optical coherence tomography of at least 1 nonculprit vessel at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Baseline coronary artery geometries were reconstructed from intravascular ultrasound and coronary computed tomography angiography and combined with flow information to perform computational fluid dynamics simulations to assess the time-averaged WSS magnitude (TAWSS) and the variability in the contraction/expansion action exerted by WSS on the endothelium, quantifiable in terms of topological shear variation index (TSVI). Plaque progression was measured as intravascular ultrasound-derived percentage plaque atheroma volume change at 1-year follow-up. Plaque composition information was extracted from near-infrared spectroscopy and optical coherence tomography.
RESULTS: Exposure to high TSVI and low TAWSS was associated with higher plaque progression (4.00±0.69% and 3.60±0.62%, respectively). Plaque composition acted synergistically with TSVI or TAWSS, resulting in the highest plaque progression (≥5.90%) at locations where lipid-rich plaque is exposed to high TSVI or low TAWSS.
CONCLUSIONS: Luminal exposure to high TSVI, solely or combined with a lipid-rich plaque phenotype, is associated with enhanced plaque progression at 1-year follow-up. Where plaque progression occurred, low TAWSS was also observed. These findings suggest TSVI, in addition to low TAWSS, as a potential biomechanical predictor for plaque progression, showing promise for clinical translation to improve patient prognosis.
Patients with microvascular angina (MVA) are under-diagnosed and have limited therapeutic options available to them. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor implicated in the small vessel obstruction that causes MVA. The PRIZE trial will apply a precision medicine approach to assess the therapeutic effect of Zibotentan, an ET-1 antagonist (ETA) selective for the ETA receptor in patients who are high ET-1 expressors (possessing the PHACTR1 minor GG allele single nucleotide polymorphism - SNP). Unfortunately, the incidence of this SNP occurs in only a third of the population, resulting in a high screen-failure rate.

In the proposed sub-study, we aim to recruit patients with MVA but without the minor GG allele SNP to potentially identify other potential 'responders' to Zibotentan. In an observational mechanistic study, we will perform baseline genotyping for other genetic variants in the ET-1 pathway as well as phenotyping patients by quantification of microvascular disease from retrospective analysis of cardiac MRI data. Patients will also complete angina and quality of life questionnaires and perform an exercise stress test to determine maximal exercise distance. Information from this sub-study will provide a genotype bio-resource that could identify novel SNPs for the pathogenesis of MVA that could be validated in the UK biobank. This may indicate other ETA receptor antagonist super-responders, justifying treatment with Zibotentan and enabling more patients with MVA to potentially benefit from this promising drug.
The spatiotemporal dynamics of inflammation provide vital insights into the understanding of skin inflammation. Skin inflammation primarily depends on the regulatory feedback between pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators. Healthy skin exhibits fading erythema. In contrast, diseased skin exhibits expanding erythema with diverse patterns, which are clinically classified into five types: circular, annular, arcuate, gyrate, and polycyclic. Inflammatory diseases with expanding erythema are speculated to result from the overproduction of pro-inflammatory mediators. However, the mechanism by which feedback selectively drives the transition from a healthy fading erythema to each of the five types of diseased expanding erythema remains unclear. This study theoretically elucidates the imbalanced production between pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators and prospective treatment strategies for each expanding pattern. Our literature survey showed that eleven diseases exhibit some of the five expanding erythema, thereby suggesting a common spatiotemporal regulation underlying different patterns and diseases. Accordingly, a reaction-diffusion model incorporating mediator feedback reproduced the five observed types of diseased expanding and healthy fading patterns. Importantly, the fading pattern transitioned to the arcuate, gyrate, and polycyclic patterns when the productions of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory mediators were lower and higher, respectively than in the healthy condition. Further depletion of anti-inflammatory mediators caused a circular pattern, whereas further overproduction of pro-inflammatory mediators caused an annular pattern. Mechanistically, the bistability due to stabilization of the diseased state exhibits circular and annular patterns, whereas the excitability exhibits the gyrate, polycyclic, arcuate, and fading patterns as the threshold of pro-inflammatory mediator concentration relative to the healthy state increases. These dynamic regulations of diffusive mediator feedback provide effective treatment strategies for mediator production wherein skins recover from each expanding pattern toward a fading pattern. Thus, these strategies can estimate disease severity and risk based on erythema patterns, paving the way for developing noninvasive and personalized treatments for inflammatory skin diseases.
Non-Mechanically Ventilated Infants: In two placebo-controlled trials in infants hospitalized with RSV lower respiratory tract infection, aerosolized Ribavirin for Inhalation Solution, USP treatment had a therapeutic effect, as judged by the reduction in severity of clinical manifestations of disease by treatment day 3.3,4 Treatment was most effective when instituted within the first 3 days of clinical illness. Virus titers in respiratory secretions were also significantly reduced with Ribavirin for Inhalation Solution, USP in one of these original studies.4 Additional controlled studies conducted since these initial trials of aerosolized Ribavirin for Inhalation Solution, USP in the treatment of RSV infection have supported these data.

Mechanically Ventilated Infants: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of aerosolized Ribavirin for Inhalation Solution, USP at the recommended dose was conducted in 28 infants requiring mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure caused by documented RSV infection.6 Mean age was 1.4 months (SD, 1.7 months). Seven patients had underlying diseases predisposing them to severe infection and 21 were previously normal. Aerosolized Ribavirin for Inhalation Solution, USP treatment significantly decreased the duration of mechanical ventilation required (4.9 vs. 9.9 days, p=0.01) and duration of required supplemental oxygen (8.7 vs. 13.5 days, p=0.01). Intensive patient management and monitoring techniques were employed in this study. These included endotracheal tube suctioning every 1 to 2 hours; recording of proximal airway pressure, ventilatory rate, and FlO2 every hour; and arterial blood gas monitoring every 2 to 6 hours. To reduce the risk of Ribavirin for Inhalation Solution, USP precipitation and ventilator malfunction, heated wire tubing, two bacterial filters connected in series in the expiratory limb of the ventilator (with filter changes every 4 hours), and water column pressure release valves to monitor internal ventilator pressures were used in connecting ventilator circuits to the SPAG®-2.

Employing these techniques, no technical difficulties with Ribavirin for Inhalation Solution, USP administration were encountered during the study. Adverse events consisted of bacterial pneumonia in one case, staphylococcus bacteremia in one case and two cases of post-extubation stridor. None were felt to be related to Ribavirin for Inhalation Solution, USP administration.