anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Spontaneous rupture of the oesophagus is a potentially fatal condition. Symptoms can vary and diagnosis can be challenging.
CASE PRESENTATION: A woman in her seventies presented to the emergency department with sudden-onset epigastric pain after a meal. A computed tomography (CT) showed signs of oesophageal rupture. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed an oesophageal rupture, and a stent was placed. The patient developed fever, dyspnoea and hypotension after the procedure. Additional CT revealed increasing pleural effusion, pneumomediastinum and loculaments of air in the peritoneum, and a mediastinal abscess. Laparoscopy with lavage and debridement was performed. A catheter was placed in the abscess and a chest tube in her right hemithorax. The stent was removed after 27 days. Further investigation revealed eosinophil oesophagitis as the likely cause of her oesophageal rupture.
INTERPRETATION: This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and proper treatment of spontaneous oesophageal rupture. Treatment depends on the cause of the rupture and severity of the patient's condition.
Interventions: saline, DG3173 and octreotide. Eligible patients are to receive a constant 23 hour subcutaneous infusion of saline as placebo comparator and will be randomized in an equal ratio to one of three treatment sequences of doses of 920, 2760 and 5520 µg DG3173 by constant 23 hour subcutaneous infusions in a random sequence followed by three subcutaneous injections of 300 µg octreotide at approximately 8 hour intervals as an active comparator.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: proposed agent has adenosine and riboxine at the following ratio, mas. p.: adenosine 1, and riboxine 1.5-2.5. Medicinal agent is prepared by dissolving adenosine and riboxine at heating, solution is kept at 50-65 C for 5-15 min, cooled and pH value is brought about to 6-8. Then solution is filtered, dosed into ampoules, sealed and sterilized. EFFECT: enhanced therapeutic effectiveness, stability at storage as an aqueous solutions.
The inhibitors of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) phosphodiesterases type 5 (cGMP-PDE5) such as sildenafil citrate (Viagra.RTM.) act by increasing the level of cGMP in sexual organs to produce enhanced blood flow and an erectile response of sexual organs. Though sildenafil citrate is a specific inhibitor of cGMP-PDE5, its effects on other body organs produce many side effects including fatalities. Described here is a method of combining cGMP-PDE5 inhibitors with natural sources of nutrients that instantly enhance the levels of endogenous cGMP and thus reduce the therapeutic dose and therefore the side effects of cGMP-PDE5 inhibitors. We have discovered that if sildenafil citrate, as a prototype of cGMP-PDE5, is combined with L-arginine, ginseng, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and folic acid, all natural and safe ingredients, the dose requirements for sildenafil citrate can be reduced substantially. The specific composition described here assists in the action of sildenafil primarily by increasing the production of cGMP through modulation of nitric oxide pathway (L-arginine.fwdarw.nitric oxide.fwdarw.cGMP) and secondarily by having its own effect on improving blood circulation to sexual organs.
Polyomavirus associated nephropathy (PVAN), JC virus-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections, reactivation of hepatitis B (HBV) or hepatitis C (HCV), SARS-CoV-2 infection, have been reported in patients treated with immunosuppressants, including MPA derivatives mycophenolic acid delayed-release tablets and MMF. Reduction in immunosuppression should be considered for patients who develop evidence of new or reactivated viral infections. Physicians should also consider the risk that reduced immunosuppression represents to the functioning allograft.

PVAN, especially due to BK virus infection, is associated with serious outcomes, including deteriorating renal function and renal graft loss. Patient monitoring may help detect patients at risk for PVAN.

PML, which is sometimes fatal, commonly presents with hemiparesis, apathy, confusion, cognitive deficiencies, and ataxia. Risk factors for PML include treatment with immunosuppressant therapies and impairment of immune function. In immunosuppressed patients, physicians should consider PML in the differential diagnosis in patients reporting neurological symptoms and consultation with a neurologist should be considered as clinically indicated.

The risk of CMV viremia and CMV disease is highest among transplant recipients seronegative for CMV at time of transplant who receive a graft from a CMV seropositive donor. Therapeutic approaches to limiting CMV disease exist and should be routinely provided. Patient monitoring may help detect patients at risk for CMV disease [ see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. 

Viral reactivation has been reported in patients infected with HBV or HCV. Monitoring infected patients for clinical and laboratory signs of active HBV or HCV infection is recommended.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil gel composition excellent in transparency and cosmetics using it as a substrate.  <P>SOLUTION: The oil gel composition comprises a liquid hydrocarbon (A-component) and a hydrocarbon resin (B-component) having a softening point of 40°C or higher. The oil gel composition has a mixture proportion of the A-component and the B-component in a weight ratio of 5/95-90/10. The A-component is a polybutene having a number average molecular weight of 150-3,000. The cosmetics are prepared using the above described oil gel composition as a substrate.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
Patients receive a single dose of vismodegib PO after eating a high fat meal. Beginning 7 days later, patients receive vismodegib PO on an empty stomach daily on days 1-28.
The control participants will first interact with the simulated melanoma back model to learn clinical unaided visual inspection skills and then view a passive image projected onto a screen for dermoscopy learning. Remediation of inappropriate clinical decisions will be carried out by the research coordinator and is based on predefined feedback consistent across both arms of the study. Along with the projected images, the coordinator will provide each control participant with worksheets for the clinical Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter (ABCD) and Dermoscopy 3-point check list. A copy of the completed worksheet will be made at the end of the workshop.
An oleum fructus bruceae fat emulsion concentrated solution, a preparation method and an application thereof belong to the field of pharmacology and pharmaceutics. According to the invention, the defect that a traditional fat emulsion preparation technology is complex and stability is poor is overcome. The preparation technology provided by the invention is simple; the general physical stirring process is only needed; and no homogenization technology is required. A product prepared in the invention can be sterilized through a 0.22-micron microfiltration membrane; in clinical use, the product can be spontaneously emulsified after diluted by the use of an aqueous solution such as normal saline or a glucose solution, etc. and slightly oscillated; and under optimized conditions, average particle size is about 0.2 micron, and injection fat emulsion characteristics are fully embodied. The product has good fluidity, will not be retained on the wall, is single-phase, transparent and clear in appearance, can undergo clarification detection, will not cause preparation stratification after multigelation and is used for treating diseases such as stomach cancer, esophagus cancer, primary hepatic carcinoma, colorectal cancer, pancreas cancer, lung cancer, cervical carcinoma, bladder cancer, prostate cancer and other solid tumor metastatic cancer, etc.
Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia are nosocomial pathogens that cause various infections and exhibit high resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents. In this study, we aimed to develop a duplex droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay for detecting BCC and S. maltophilia in bloodstream infections. We optimized the experimental conditions by setting the annealing temperature to 51°C and determining the optimal concentrations of primers and probes, as well as the thermal cycle numbers. The feasibility of the duplex ddPCR reaction system with the optimal conditions was established and verified through parallel reactions with reference strains of BCC and S. maltophilia. The specificity of the assay, tested with 33 reference strains, was found to be 100%. The duplex ddPCR assay demonstrated good repeatability and could detect as low as 5.35 copies/reaction of BCC and 7.67 copies/reaction of S. maltophilia. This level of sensitivity was consistent in the simulated blood and blood bottle samples. We compared nucleic acid extraction methods and found that the Chelex-100 boiling method and kit extraction method exhibited similar detection sensitivity, suggesting the potential application of the Chelex-100 boiling method in the ddPCR assay. In the clinical samples, the duplex ddPCR assay accurately detected BCC and S. maltophilia in 58 cases. In conclusion, our study successfully developed a duplex ddPCR assay that provides accurate and convenient detection of BCC and S. maltophilia in bloodstream infections.IMPORTANCEBurkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia are implicated in a wide range of infections, including bloodstream infections (BSIs), pneumonia, and meningitis, and often exhibit high intrinsic resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents, limiting therapeutic options. The gold standard for diagnosing bloodstream infections remains blood culture. However, current blood culture detection and positivity rates do not meet the "rapid diagnosis" required for the diagnosis and treatment of critically ill patients with BSIs. The digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) method is a potentially more powerful tool in the diagnosis of BSIs compared to other molecular methods due to its greater sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and reproducibility. In this study, a duplex ddPCR assay for the detection of BCC and S. maltophilia in BSIs was developed.
BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a viral infection impacting CD4 cells, requires an understanding of factors influencing CD4 cell counts to reduce acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)-related morbidity and mortality. Despite its importance, no studies have examined predictors of CD4 cell count progression post-transition to adult-oriented HIV care in Ethiopia. This study aimed to identify predictors affecting CD4 cell count trends among adolescents and young adults transitioning to adult-oriented HIV care. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the predictors that affect the trends of CD4 cell count over time among adolescents and young adults who transitioned to adult-oriented HIV care.
METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 206 adolescents and young adults who transitioned to adult-oriented HIV care and had at least two CD4 cell counts in eight selected health facilities in Southern Ethiopia. These facilities were chosen due to their high volume of people living with HIV. A multivariable linear mixed effect model was fitted to identify the predictors of CD4 cell count progression through time. Multi-collinearity between variables was checked using the variance inflation factor. Model comparisons were done using Akaike and Bayesian information criteria. Regression coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and P-value ≤ 0.05 were used to measure the strength of association and significance level.
RESULTS: The average CD4 cell count was raised by 6.7 cells/mm3 every six months among the study participants. Transitioning at the age of 18 or older (β = 204.71; 95% CI = 81.86347, 327.5574; P < 0.001), being rural residents (β= -119.776; 95% CI = -215.362, -24.189; P < 0.014), having World Health Organization (WHO) stage III & IV HIV (β= -182.161; 95% CI = -318.475, -45.847; P < 0.009), were the predictors for CD4 cell count progression over time.
CONCLUSION: Based on the identified predictors of CD4 cell count progression over time among HIV-positive adolescents and young adults transitioning to adult-oriented HIV care in southern Ethiopia, such as observation time, age at transition, residence, and WHO staging, the study highlights the need for interventions focused on tailored support. Specifically, these interventions should target individuals transitioning with less ART time, those younger than 18, those residing in rural areas, and those with advanced WHO staging, to improve their CD4 cell counts over time.
The safety and effectiveness of buspirone were evaluated in two placebo-controlled 6-week trials involving a total of 559 pediatric patients (ranging from 6 to 17 years of age) with GAD. Doses studied were 7.5 mg to 30 mg b.i.d. (15-60 mg/day). There were no significant differences between buspirone and placebo with regard to the symptoms of GAD following doses recommended for the treatment of GAD in adults. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that, for identical doses, plasma exposure to buspirone and its active metabolite, 1-PP, are equal to or higher in pediatric patients than adults. No unexpected safety findings were associated with buspirone in these trials. There are no long-term safety or efficacy data in this population.
Device, system and method to monitor user breathing patterns utilizing posture and diaphragm (breathing) sensor signals. The user worn device comprises a housing attached to a retractable belt that is worn around the user's trunk. The housing contains both posture and breathing sensors. The device monitors the output signals of these sensors and measures the state of both the user's posture and diaphragm (e.g. changes in the belt's length or force on the belt as a function of user breathing) to analyze breathing signals. The system's processor receives, processes, and transmits sensor signal data, and can also calibrate and interpret these signals utilizing various algorithms. In a preferred embodiment, the posture sensor is an accelerometer, and the retractable belt winds around a spring tensioned spool in the device's housing. The software can produce posture adjusted user respiration data, and can also be used for breath training and other purposes.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of medicine, namely to orthopedic dentistry, and deals with material for manufacturing plastic bases of removable tooth prostheses, which have antibacterial properties. Claimed is material for teeth prosthesis basis, which consists of acrylic polymers, containing 0.0005-0.03 wt % of nanosilver, evenly distributed in entire polymer volume. Introduction in plastic composition of nanodispersive silver in said quantities excludes reduction of esthetic properties of tooth prosthesis and ensures creation of prolonged antimicrobial effect both on entire surface of product and in its volume. ^ EFFECT: invention elongates term of tooth prosthesis service and ensures long antibacterial effect. ^ 1 tbl, 4 ex
There have been ongoing efforts by federal agencies and scientific communities since the early 1990s to incorporate sex and/or gender in all aspects of cardiovascular research. Scientific journals provide a critical function as change agents to influence transformation by encouraging submissions for topic areas, and by setting standards and expectations for articles submitted to the journal. As part of ongoing efforts to advance sex and gender in cardiovascular physiology research, the American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology recently launched a call for papers on Considering Sex as a Biological Variable. This call was an overwhelming success, resulting in 78 articles published in this collection. This review summarizes the major themes of the collection, including Sex as a Biological Variable Within: Endothelial Cell and Vascular Physiology, Cardiovascular Immunity and Inflammation, Metabolism and Mitochondrial Energy, Extracellular Matrix Turnover and Fibrosis, Neurohormonal Signaling, and Cardiovascular Clinical and Epidemiology Assessments. Several articles also focused on establishing rigor and reproducibility of key physiological measurements involved in cardiovascular health and disease, as well as recommendations and considerations for study design. Combined, these articles summarize our current understanding of sex and gender influences on cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology and provide insight into future directions needed to further expand our knowledge.
Manual therapy treatment shall be performed at a low intensity that does not cause pain to the patient. The aim is for the patient to report a pain intensity of 0/10 in NRS throughout treatment. The physiotherapist will ask every 30 seconds the pain provoked by the treatment with NRS and the patient will give continuous feedback. Based on this, the physiotherapist will adapt the intensity of the treatment to be performed below the pain threshold.
Participants will brush their teeth and then undergo instructions on flossing technique using reach dental floss orally for 12 Weeks. Dental hygienist will floss participant's teeth at the site once daily during the week (five days). The second brushing will be done unsupervised at home. The remaining weekend days flossing and brushing will be done unsupervised at home.
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a serious health problem with increasing incidence. worldwide and remains one of the most important causes of preventable deaths. We aimed to examine the relationship between Vitamin B12 and Folic acid, which have an important role for human life, and homocysteine is widely recognized for its association with the development of cardiovascular disease, although its role as an independent risk factor remains a topic of ongoing debate.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 126 patients who underwent bariatric metabolic surgery between September 2019-September 2020. In addition to demographic characteristics of the patients, weight, Vitamin B12, folate, HbA1c, cholesterol, triglyceride, ferritin, serum iron, albumin levels at preoperative, postoperative 1st month, 6th month, 12th month follow-ups were analyzed.
RESULTS: Patients with the desired biochemical parameters at the determined follow-up points were identified and two groups were formed as RYGB(n = 43) and SG(n = 7) patients. When biochemical parameters were analyzed between the groups, homocysteine, HbA1c, HDL Cholesterol, VLDL Cholesterol, Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Ferritin, Serum Iron levels showed a statistical difference (p < 0.001). Folate (p = 0.064) and albumin (p = 0.257) did not show a significant difference over time. The change in vitamin B12 (p = 0.409) over time was not significant in the SG group, whereas a significant difference was observed in the RYGB group (p < 0.001). When we established a marginal model to determine the factors affecting the change in homocysteine over time, vitamin B12 and folate values.
CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between Vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine is important in order to better understand the complications that develop in bariatric metabolic surgery patients, to prevent possible complications and to better manage the process.
The incidence of breast cancer is increasing in Japan: 33,676 women were diagnosed with breast cancer in 2001, making it the leading cause of cancer among women since 1995. Statistical database in Exel format/outline of health welfare statistics from the Ministry of Labor, Health, and Welfare show that the number of deaths from breast cancer was 9,806 in 2003. Because the ten-year survival rate is about ninety percent in Stages 0 and I breast cancer patients, detection and treatment at an earlier stage can lead to higher survival rates. However, the recurrence rate increases as the disease progresses. In addition, about thirty percent of all breast cancer patients are believed to have recurrent disease. Thus, developing treatments against recurrence may be an important task.

The Guideline for Breast Cancer Treatment, 2004 version, recommends chemotherapy, including anthracyclines or taxanes as a first-line chemotherapy for metastatic or recurrent (grade B recommendation) breast cancer. In a second-line therapy recommended for metastatic or recurrent diseases, the Guideline reports that a combination of capecitabine, a 5Fu derivative (an oral chemotherapy of pyrimidine fluorides approved in 2003) with docetaxel is superior to docetaxel alone for improving survival. This regimen is recommended for patients with cardiac malfunction who cannot be treated with anthracyclines (grade B recommendation). However, data are lacking to support capecitabine as a standard regimen as a second-line therapy; its efficacy needs verification and further study. Accordingly, this study is designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of S-1 alone, an oral pyrimidine fluoride, to which an indication of "inoperable or recurrent breast cancer" was added, as a first-line therapy in patients with inoperable or recurrent breast cancer by comparing it with Capecitabine alone, which is already approved of the same indication.
Preliminary research indicates that applying this technique to foot weakness after stroke is safe and may improve walking function. Hence, this warrants further investigation to: 1. determine if BCI-FES therapy can provide lasting gains in walking in chronic stroke patients; 2. determine what factors influence BCI-FES therapy; and 3. explicitly elucidate the underlying neural repair mechanisms. First, a Phase II clinical trial in patients with foot drop due to chronic stroke will compare the effect of BCIFES dorsiflexion therapy to that of dose- and intensity-matched standard physical therapy (Aim 1). Comparing the improvement in walking speed and other secondary outcome measures between the two groups will test if BCI-FES therapy provides functional and neurological gains beyond those of standard physical therapy. The relationship between the patient baseline characteristics (walking speed, ankle function, stimulated muscle responses, brain wave features, sensation) and the outcomes will determine what features influence responsiveness to BCI-FES dorsiflexion therapy (Aim 2). Finally, the underlying mechanism driving the improvements of BCI-FES will be studied (Aim 3). Determining that BCI-FES therapy can provide improvements beyond that of standard therapy may lead to a new treatment for stroke patients. The underlying mechanism can inform the design of future physical therapy techniques or improve current ones. Finally, BCI-FES therapy may ultimately become a novel form of physical therapy to reduce post-stroke disability, and in turn reduce the public health burden of stroke.
LIKMEZ (metronidazole) oral suspension is a nitroimidazole antimicrobial. The chemical name of metronidazole is 2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole-1-ethanol. The structural formula is shown as:

Metronidazole is a white to pale yellow crystalline powder with a molecular formula of C 6H 9N 3O 3and a molecular weight of 171.2 g/mole. The pKa of metronidazole is 14.44 ± 0.10. The pH of a 1% aqueous solution of metronidazole is 5.5-7.5. It is slightly soluble in water, acetone, alcohol, and methylene chloride. 

LIKMEZ is an oral suspension containing 500 mg of metronidazole per 5 mL, and the following inactive ingredients: Glycerin, magnesium aluminum silicate, methylparaben, microcrystalline cellulose, natural peppermint flavor, natural strawberry flavor, propylparaben, purified water, sodium phosphate dibasic, sodium phosphate monobasic, sucralose, and sucrose.