anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Disclosed in the present invention is an application of a mulberry extract. The application is an application of the mulberry extract in the preparation of a product for treating and/or preventing ulcerative colitis. In the present invention, experiments prove that a positive drug group, SZ-A-1, SZ-A-2, SZ-A-3, SZ-A-4 and SZ-A-5 (pretreatment) can all significantly inhibit the atrophy of the colon of a UC model mouse. The effect of SZ-A-2, SZ-A-3 and SZ-A-4 groups is equivalent to that of the positive drug group, and the colon atrophy inhibition effect of SZ-A-5 (pretreatment) is better than that of the positive drug group. The mulberry extract provided by the invention, as a component derived from natural plants, has the unique advantages of having small toxic and side effects, and mild and lasting effects. Therefore, the mulberry extract with greatly improved medication safety has great advantages in treating ulcerative colitis.
The BTL-899 will be applied over the abdomen, and the device will induce visible muscle contractions along with mild heating of the muscles. Four (4) treatments once a week will be delivered.
Wake therapy/sleep deprivation: Patients are awake for 36 hours three times in one week with a normal night of sleep between. Light therapy for 30 minutes daily in the entire study period. Sleep time stabilisation which involves psychoeducation regarding sleep hygiene and keeping the day-night cycle constant.
This is a prospective observational study. Patients who need EUS-FNA/B for diagnosis of pancreatic solid lesions (pancreatic cancer, chronic pancreatitis, and autoimmune pancreatitis, etc)will be successively included in this study. The EUS-FNA/B procedures will be accomplished in the standard way after the puncture site is washed with 20ml sterile saline for three times. The remaining fresh tissue after sufficient specimen collected for the diagnosis will be stored in - 80℃ fridge. DNA is extracted from all samples using the suitable kit and V4 16S rRNA gene sequencing is performed on all samples. The investigators ran "Decontam" (Davis NM, et al. Microbiome 2018;6:226) in order to identify and remove contaminant DNA sequences from the dataset. And the microbiome is analyzed with the standard methodology. The investigators tend to describe the microflora characteristics of pancreatic solid lesions and try to compare the differences between cancer and benign diseases.

This study will carry out in two stages: the preliminary stage, 10 patients will be included. If the technic success rate (successful extraction of DNA and sequencing of 16s rRNA after bioinformatical removal of potential DNA contaminations via the use of 'Decontam') is high than 50%, the successive inclusion progress \[the main stage\] will last for one year.
OBJECTIVES: Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) is a form of velopharyngeal dysfunction caused by abnormal or insufficient anatomy. This process is known to be associated with dysphagia and dysphonia but surgical interventions for these complex patients have not been well studied. The current study characterized a small cohort of adult patients with acquired VPI, dysphonia, and dysphagia, as well as associated surgical interventions.
METHODS: A retrospective descriptive case series of 22 (N = 22) adult patients over a 6-year period with acquired VPI and varying degrees of dysphagia and dysphonia was described from a multi-disciplinary voice and swallowing clinic. Perceptual assessment, nasopharyngoscopy, fluoroscopic swallowing assessment, and patient reported outcomes were reviewed to characterize the cohort.
RESULTS: VPI etiologies included: stroke (n = 4), head and neck cancer (n = 5), brainstem lesions (n = 5), trauma (n = 5), and other/unknown (n = 3). All 22 patients underwent nasopharyngoscopy and were categorized as having unilateral (n = 13), central (n = 4), or no (n = 5) velopharyngeal deficits. Seventeen patients (77.2%) underwent modified barium swallow studies, revealing that soft palate elevation scored least impaired among patients with no VPI, and most impaired among patients with unilateral VPI deficits. All 22 patients underwent some form of surgical intervention for VPI, with 14 (63.6%) of those patients requiring additional surgical revision.
CONCLUSION: This series is one of the first to the authors' knowledge to characterize a cohort of individuals with VPI, dysphagia, and dysphonia and associated surgical interventions.
EXELON PATCH (rivastigmine transdermal system) contains rivastigmine, a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor known chemically as (S)-3-[1-(dimethylamino) ethyl]phenyl ethylmethylcarbamate. It has an empirical formula of C14H22N2O2 as the base and a molecular weight of 250.34 g/mol (as the base). Rivastigmine is a viscous, clear, and colorless to yellow to very slightly brown liquid that is sparingly soluble in water and very soluble in ethanol, acetonitrile, n-octanol and ethyl acetate.

The distribution coefficient at 37°C in n-octanol/phosphate buffer solution pH 7 is 4.27.

EXELON PATCH is for transdermal administration. The patch is a 4-layer laminate containing the backing layer, drug matrix, adhesive matrix and overlapping release liner (see Figure 1). The release liner is removed and discarded prior to use.

Figure 1: Cross Section of the EXELON PATCH

Excipients within the formulation include acrylic copolymer, poly (butylmethacrylate, methylmethacrylate), silicone adhesive applied to a flexible polymer backing film, silicone oil, and vitamin E.
In the three double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in early Parkinson's disease, hallucinations were observed in 9% (35 of 388) of patients receiving pramipexole dihydrochloride tablets, compared with 2.6% (6 of 235) of patients receiving placebo. In the four double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in advanced Parkinson's disease, where patients received pramipexole dihydrochloride tablets and concomitant levodopa, hallucinations were observed in 16.5% (43 of 260) of patients receiving pramipexole dihydrochloride tablets compared with 3.8% (10 of 264) of patients receiving placebo. Hallucinations were of sufficient severity to cause discontinuation of treatment in 3.1% of the early Parkinson's disease patients and 2.7% of the advanced Parkinson's disease patients compared with about 0.4% of placebo patients in both populations. 

Age appears to increase the risk of hallucinations attributable to pramipexole. In the early Parkinson's disease patients, the risk of hallucinations was 1.9 times greater than placebo in patients younger than 65 years and 6.8 times greater than placebo in patients older than 65 years. In the advanced Parkinson's disease patients, the risk of hallucinations was 3.5 times greater than placebo in patients younger than 65 years and 5.2 times greater than placebo in patients older than 65 years. 

Postmarketing reports with medications used to treat Parkinson’s disease or RLS, including pramipexole dihydrochloride, indicate that patients may experience new or worsening mental status and behavioral changes, which may be severe, including psychotic-like behavior during treatment with pramipexole dihydrochloride or after starting or increasing the dose of pramipexole dihydrochloride. Other drugs prescribed to improve the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease or RLS can have similar effects on thinking and behavior. This abnormal thinking and behavior can consist of one or more of a variety of manifestations including paranoid ideation, delusions, hallucinations, confusion, psychotic-like behavior, symptoms of mania (e.g., insomnia, psychomotor agitation), disorientation, aggressive behavior, agitation, and delirium. 

Patients with a major psychotic disorder should ordinarily not be treated with dopamine agonists, including pramipexole dihydrochloride, because of the risk of exacerbating the psychosis. In addition, certain medications used to treat psychosis may exacerbate the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and may decrease the effectiveness of pramipexole dihydrochloride [see Drug Interactions (7.1)]. 

In the RLS clinical trials, one pramipexole-treated patient (of 889) reported hallucinations; this patient discontinued treatment and the symptoms resolved.
The invention provides methods and compositions for diagnosing and treating locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer (e.g., TNBC). In some embodiments, the methods include determining the presence and/or expression level of one or more of PD-L1, CD8, and/or stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs). Provided herein are methods for identifying a patient suffering from a locally advanced or metastatic TNBC who is likely to respond to treatment with an anti-cancer therapy that includes a PD-1 axis binding antagonist (e.g., an anti-PD-L1 antibody (e.g., atezolizumab) or an anti-PD-1 antibody) and a taxane (e.g., nab-paclitaxel or paclitaxel). Also provided are methods of selecting a therapy for a patient suffering from a locally advanced or metastatic TNBC. Further provided are methods of treating a patient suffering from locally advanced or metastatic TNBC. In some embodiments, the methods include administering a PD-1 axis binding antagonist (e.g., atezolizumab) and a taxane (e.g., nab-paclitaxel or paclitaxel) to the patient, for example, a patient identified as one who is likely to respond to the treatment. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions for use in treating a patient suffering from locally advanced or metastatic TNBC.
Physician diagnosis based on U.S. CF Foundation guidelines, including signs/symptoms of CF and either a positive sweat chloride test (\>60 mmol/L), or an indeterminate sweat chloride test (30-59 mmol/L) plus two CF-causing CFTR mutations. The study may include subjects with different CFTR mutation classes as well as both on and off CFTR modulators.
The InForma project is designed as a mono-institutional randomized controlled 4-arm parallel-group trial. Potential study participants will be recruited among all overweight or obese breast cancer patients previously treated at the European Institute of Oncology (IEO). Potential study participants will be recruited after breast cancer treatments (surgery, chemotherapy and and/or radiation) will be completed. Study participants will be randomized to one of the 4 arms: DI - Dietary Intervention; PAI - Physical Activity Intervention; PADI - Physical Activity and Dietary Intervention; LII - Less Intensive Intervention. Enrolled patients will receive a 6-month intervention and will be followed until the end of the study period with two additional follow-up visits at 12- and 24-month. The main aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of the intervention programme on body weight change in overweight or obese breast cancer patients.
Recent clinical studies have reported that heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) can be divided into two phenotypes based on the range of ejection fraction (EF), namely HFpEF with higher EF and HFpEF with lower EF. These phenotypes exhibit distinct left ventricle (LV) remodelling patterns and dynamics. However, the influence of LV remodelling on various LV functional indices and the underlying mechanics for these two phenotypes are not well understood. To address these issues, this study employs a coupled finite element analysis (FEA) framework to analyse the impact of various ventricular remodelling patterns, specifically concentric remodelling (CR), concentric hypertrophy (CH), and eccentric hypertrophy (EH), with and without LV wall thickening on LV functional indices. Further, the geometries with a moderate level of remodelling from each pattern are subjected to fibre stiffening and contractile impairment to examine their effect in replicating the different features of HFpEF. The results show that with severe CR, LV could exhibit the characteristics of HFpEF with higher EF, as observed in recent clinical studies. Controlled fibre stiffening can simultaneously increase the end-diastolic pressure (EDP) and reduce the peak longitudinal strain (ell) without significant reduction in EF, facilitating the moderate CR geometries to fit into this phenotype. Similarly, fibre stiffening can assist the CH and 'EH with wall thickening' cases to replicate HFpEF with lower EF. These findings suggest that potential treatment for these two phenotypes should target the bio-origins of their distinct ventricular remodelling patterns and the extent of myocardial stiffening.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a state of sleep disruption, is characterized by recurrent apnea, chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) and hypercapnia. Previous studies have showed that CIH-induced neuroinflammatory plays a crucial role in cognitive deficits. Pseudoginsenoside GQ (PGQ) is a new oxytetracycline-type saponin formed by the oxidation and cyclization of the 20(S) Rg3 side chain. Rg3 has been found to afford anti-inflammatory effects, while whether PGQ plays a role of anti-neuroinflammatory remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether PGQ attenuates CIH-induced neuroinflammatory and cognitive impairment and the possible mechanism it involves. We found that PGQ significantly ameliorated CIH-induced spatial learning deficits, and inhibited microglial activation, pro-inflammatory cytokine release, and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus of CIH mice. In addition, PGQ pretreatment promoted microglial M1 to M2 phenotypic transition in IH-induced BV-2 microglial, as well as indirectly inhibited IH-induced neuronal injury via modulation of microglia polarization. Furthermore, we noted that activation of HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway induced by IH was inhibited by PGQ. Molecular docking results revealed that PGQ could bind to the active sites of HMGB1 and TLR4. Taken together, this work supports that PGQ inhibits M1 microglial polarization via the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, and indirectly exerts neuroprotective effects, suggesting that PGQ may be a potential therapeutic strategy for cognitive impairment accompanied OSA.
In the first phase of the study, infants will be treated for a total of 6 weeks, treated twice weekly. Infants will be admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) for the first week of treatment. Procedures during the first week of the study will include blood draws for genetic testing, clinical and research blood draws, urine collection, abdominal ultrasound, peripheral inserted central catheter (PICC) placement, hearing screening, and the first two IV adrabetadex (VTS-270) infusions through the PICC line. Weeks 2-6 will occur on an outpatient basis. During week 2-6, the infant will receive 2 doses per week of adrabetadex (VTS-270) with blood draws and urine collection during weeks 2, 4, and 6. PICC line will be removed after final infusion.

Subjects who demonstrate significant reduction either in the glycine-conjugated trihydroxycholanic acid biomarker or serum bilirubin (direct bilirubin or direct bilirubin: total bilirubin ratio) will be allowed to crossover into the second phase of the study, an open label phase of six months duration in which IV adrabetadex (VTS-270) will be administered monthly for a total of six doses. Month 1-6 procedures will occur on an outpatient basis. Procedures during the second phase include a monthly intravenous line placement. After each monthly visit, the intravenous line will be removed.
Patients scheduled for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery requiring double-lumen tube intubation and who agree to participate in the study are randomized to the gum chewing group and the control group. All clinical procedures are identical in both groups except for preoperative gum chewing. The gum chewing group chew gum for approximately 2 minutes, 10 minutes before induction of anesthesia. The control group do not chew gum and be induced to swallow saliva twice at the same time point. All patients are endotracheally intubated with a double-lumen tube using video laryngoscopy to provide unilateral pulmonary ventilation. Extubation is performed according to routine procedures, and the tube is assessed with whether there are blood stains at extubation. At 30 minutes in the recovery room and at 2 hours and 24 hours after extubation, the patient's sore throat is assessed for presence and intensity assessed by a 11-point numerical pain scale (minimal value 0 representing absence of pain, maximal value 10 representing the worst possible pain). Hoarseness at the same time points is also assessed for presence and severity. The presence of intubation-related complications (aspiration pneumonia) is assessed as a safety measure.
The invention comprises 3-amino-pyrazoles unsubstituted in the 5-position, containing in the 4-position a phenyl radical which may be substituted by one or more lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or trifluoromethyl groups or halogen atoms, and containing attached to a nuclear nitrogen atom a hydroxy-lower alkyl group in which the hydroxy group is separated from the nitrogen atom by at least 2 carbon atoms, the word "lower" referring to groups containing at most 6 carbon atoms; and their preparation by reacting an a -phenyl or substituted phenyl-b -oxo-alkanoic acid nitrile with an N-hydroxy-alkyl-hydrazine which may be N1-substituted by an acyl or methylidene (e.g. alkylidene or aralkylidene) group so that condensation and cyclization occurs, any acyl or methylidene residue being eliminated by hydrolysis before or during the cyclization reaction.  Reaction with N1-unsubstituted-hydrazines generally leads to a mixture of 1- and 2-hydroxyalkyl products, which are separated by conventional methods. Examples are given, the only uncyclized intermediate isolated being b -[N1-benzylidene-N-(b -hydroxy-ethyl) -hydrazino]-a - (p - chlorophenyl) -acrylonitrile.  The pyrazoles of the invention, which are stated to inhibit the transmission of spinal reflexes, may be made up with suitable carriers into pharmaceutical or veterinary compositions. These may take the form of tablets, ointments, dragees, creams, solutions, suspensions or emulsions, and may contain preserving, stabilizing, wetting or emulsifying agents, salts for regulating the osmotic pressure or buffers.  The pyrazoles may also be added to animal fodder.
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) requires a tension-free flap without damaging the collateral circulation in order to secure better surgical outcomes. Topographic knowledge regarding the neurovascular bundles in the posterior aspect of the mandible can prevent complications during lingual flap design. The lingual branch (LB) of the inferior alveolar or maxillary arteries is not sufficiently illustrated or described in the literature. Nevertheless, it has an intimate relationship with the lingual nerve (LN) during ridge augmentation and implant-related posterior mandible surgery. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the morphology and topography of the LB related to GBR surgeries. In the present human cadaveric study, the LB was analyzed in 12 hemimandibles using latex injection and corrosion casting. Two types of LB were identified based on their origin and course. The LB was found in a common connective tissue sheath close to the LN. The LB assembled several anastomoses on the posterior lingual aspect of the mandible and retromolar area. The LB acted as an anatomical landmark in identifying LN at the posterior lingual aspect of the mandible.
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Following infection, immune responses to Mtb antigens can be measured using the tuberculin skin test or an interferon-γ release assay. The gain of Mtb immunoreactivity, a change from a negative to a positive tuberculin skin test or interferon-γ release assay result, is called conversion and has long been used as a measure of Mtb exposure. However, the loss of immunoreactivity (reversion; a positive followed by a negative result) has often been overlooked. Instead, in clinical and epidemiological circles, Mtb immunoreactivity is commonly considered to persist lifelong and confer a lifetime of disease risk. We present a critical review, describing the evidence for reversion from cohort studies, ecological studies and studies of TB progression risk. We outline the inconsistent reasons why reversion has been dismissed from common understanding and present evidence demonstrating that, just as conversion predominantly indicates prior exposure to Mtb antigens, so its opposite, reversion, suggests the reduction or absence of exposure (endogenous or exogenous). Mtb immunoreactivity is dynamic in both individuals and populations and this is why it is useful for stratifying short-term TB progression risk. The neglect of reversion has shaped TB research and policy at all levels, influencing clinical management and skewing Mtb infection risk estimation and transmission modelling, leading to an underestimation of the contribution of re-exposure to the burden of TB, a serious oversight for an infectious disease. More than a century after it was first demonstrated, it is time to incorporate reversion into our understanding of the natural history of TB.
The study is designed as a prospective, blinded diet intervention study during which the participants consume either fructose- or HFCS-sweetened beverages (providing 10%, 17.5% or 25% of energy) with meals. In addition, there will be two control groups, with one group consuming 0% sugar beverages sweetened with sucralose and the other consuming glucose-sweetened beverages at 25% of energy requirement. Experimental procedures, including 24-hour serial blood sampling, post-heparin infusions, gluteal biopsies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the liver and the abdomen, and Oral Glucose Tolerance and Disposal Tests, are performed during baseline and at the end of a 2-week intervention period at the UC Davis Clinical and Translational Science Center (CTSC) Clinical Research Center (CCRC). During the inpatient periods, subjects are served energy balanced diets. The diets provide 15% of energy as protein, 30% as fat, and 55% as carbohydrate. During baseline testing, the carbohydrate content consists primarily of complex carbohydrate (\>97%). During intervention the 55% carbohydrate will consist of 10% sugar/45% complex, 17.5% sugar/37.5% complex, or 25% sugar/30% complex depending on the diet group to which the subject is assigned. During the outpatient intervention periods, the subjects reside at home and are provided with fructose- or HFCS -sweetened beverages that are consumed with each meal along with a self-selected ad libitum (usual) diet.
A method and system for attaching, for example, an artificial dental prosthetic device such as a crown, cap, or bridge to a prepared tooth structure utilizes a fluoride releasing dentin bonding system in combination with a cement layer. The dentin bonding system is first applied to the prepared tooth structure, the dentin bonding system including a primer layer and a VLC microfill composite resin layer in certain embodiments. Then the artificial prosthetic device (e.g. crown) is removably adhered to the prepared tooth structure and the dentin bonding system by way of the cement (e.g. zinc oxide based type). The cement layer sandwiched between the attached device and the dentin bonding system has a shear function less than that of the device and the dentin bonding system but sufficient to permanently bond the device to the tooth and dentin bonding system during masticatory functions and demands, thereby permitting the device to be removed or sheared from the tooth (and dentin bonding system) without destroying either. Thus, the artificial prosthetic device can be removed from the prepared tooth structure in the event that the need to do so arises (e.g. if non-functionality during mastication occurs or if endodontic responses develop).