anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention relates to medicine and pharmacology, more particularly to drugs, and even more particularly to pharmaceutical compositions for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The pharmaceutical composition for treating GERD contains at least one proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and at least one prebiotic. Also claimed is a method for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease in which it is not necessary to eradicate the presence of  H. pylori  in order to prevent the risks associated with the translocation of said bacteria from the antrum to the body of the stomach. The composition provides for prevention of the translocation of  H. pylori  by means of the colonization of the antrum by  lactobacilli  and the concurrent inhibition of  H. pylori  during PPI therapy. This makes it possible to dispense with the need to detect the bacteria and carry out a course of eradication therapy. The safety of long-term PPI therapy is increased.
Geriatric Use

Of the approximately 1,065 patients who entered the in-office dose-titration period in clinical studies, 25% were 65 years or older. In clinical studies, geriatric patients required, on average, higher minimally effective doses and had a higher rate of lack of effect (optimum dose not determined). Overall differences in safety were not observed between these geriatric patients and younger patients. Geriatric patients should be dosed and titrated according to the same DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION recommendations as younger patients, and the lowest possible effective dose should always be used.

This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function.
AIMS: Whether and when glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in preterms catches up with term peers is unknown. This study aims to develop a GFR maturation model for (pre)term-born individuals from birth to 18 years of age. Secondarily, the function is applied to data of different renally excreted drugs.
METHODS: We combined published inulin clearance values and serum creatinine (Scr) concentrations in (pre)term born individuals throughout childhood. Inulin clearance was assumed to be equal to GFR, and Scr to reflect creatinine synthesis rate/GFR. We developed a GFR function consisting of GFRbirth (GFR at birth), and an Emax model dependent on PNA (with GFRmax, PNA50 (PNA at which half of  GFR max   is reached) and Hill coefficient). The final GFR model was applied to predict gentamicin, tobramycin and vancomycin concentrations.
RESULT: In the GFR model, GFRbirth varied with birthweight linearly while in the PNA-based Emax equation, GA was the best covariate for PNA50, and current weight for GFRmax. The final model showed that for a child born at 26 weeks GA, absolute GFR is 18%, 63%, 80%, 92% and 96% of the GFR of a child born at 40 weeks GA at 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, 3 years and 12 years, respectively. PopPK models with the GFR maturation equations predicted concentrations of renally cleared antibiotics across (pre)term-born neonates until 18 years well.
CONCLUSIONS: GFR of preterm individuals catches up with term peers at around three years of age, implying reduced dosages of renally cleared drugs should be considered below this age.
Placebo (Saline solution): 100 ml IV infusion, Day -1, Day 14, Day 28. Tacrolimus: begin on day -3. IV \[0.03mg/kg/day\] or PO \[0.045 mg/kg/dose\] dosing is permitted; Methotrexate: given IV at a dose of 15 mg/m\^2/dose once daily on Day 1 after HCT, and at a dose of 10 mg/m\^2/dose on days 3, 6, and 11 after HCT.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multisystem autoimmune inflammatory disease with unknown etiology . However, several genetic, immunological and environmental factors play a role in the etiopathogenesis of SLE . During the disease course, patients may be presented with diverse clinical manifestations (mucocutaneous, articular, neurological, or renal manifestations) . Anti-nuclear antibodies(ANA), anti- double stranded DNA (ds-DNA)and anti smith(SM) antibodies are common biomarkers of SLE. However the sensitivity and specificity of the current biomarkers are not ideal that the diagnosis of SLE can be missed .

Lysophospholipids are phospholipids with only one fatty acid chain, such as lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and lysophosphatidylserine. Autotaxin (ATX), one of the enzymes that catalyze the formation of Lysophospholipid, is mainly responsible for the production of LPA in blood . Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and type I interferons, have been reported to induce the expression of ATX . ATX was reported recently as potential biomarkers of various diseases (serum ATX in malignancy and chronic hepatitis C, while in acute myocardial infarction ATX was overexpressed in cardiac tissue and in the synovium of rheumatoid arthritis patients) . Several studies have reported that serum ATX concentrations were higher in females than in males . The mRNA expression of ATX was found to be significantly induced by estrogen . There is growing evidence that ATX may play a role in the pathogenesis of SLE. Few recent studies have reported that serum ATX level can be a possible novel biomarker and key molecule in SLE .
The study is a gardening intervention among 150 older cancer survivors and individuals living with chronic disease (cardiovascular disease and diabetes) in the states of Alabama and Mississippi. This program focuses on 15 counties where a Community Health Advisor training program is in place (Bullock, Calhoun, Dallas Madison, Marengo, Monroe, Sumter, Talladega, Walker Counties in Alabama and Boliver, Granada, Humphrey, Panola, Sunflower, and Yazoo Counties in Mississippi). Participants are paired with Cooperative Extension certified Master Gardeners to plant a vegetable garden at their place of residence (the intervention). Baseline, midpoint, and 1 year follow up will occur. Previous pilot work provides an established relationship with the Cooperative Extension as well as training mechanisms for the Master Gardeners.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a peach resin with which removal of specific smell and decoloration are possible by dissolving the unrefined peach resin into water, adding an acid to make the resin acidic and bringing active carbon into contact therewith. SOLUTION: The unrefined peach resin which has the putrefaction smell and is colored dark brown is dissolved in the water; for example, 100g peach resin is dissolved in 1 liter water until the peach resin attains a concn. of preferably <=50%. Next, acid (e.g.; citric acid, malic acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid), for example, a 10% citric acid sol, is added to the peach resin so as to attain pH of <=6. Next, 10g active carbon (e.g.; powder active carbon or granular active carbon) is added to the peach resin and the mixture is stirred for 20 minutes at room temp. The mixture is subjected to reduced pressure filtration with a Buchner funnel precoated with 10g diatomaceous earth. The filtrate is recovered and the refined aq. soln. is neutralized. The neutralized soln. is subjected to concentrating, drying and pulverizing at need, by which the powdery peach resin is obtd.
Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is strongly linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, it is found that the injection of chondroitinase ABC (ChABC), mimicking ECM remodeling, into the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) reversed short-term memory loss and reduced amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition in 5xFAD mice. ECM remodeling also reactivated astrocytes, reduced the levels of aggrecan in Aβ plaques, and enhanced astrocyte recruitment to surrounding plaques. Importantly, ECM remodeling enhanced the autophagy-lysosome pathway in astrocytes, thereby mediating Aβ clearance and alleviating AD pathology. ECM remodeling also promoted Aβ plaque phagocytosis by astrocytes by activating the astrocytic phagocytosis receptor MERTK and promoting astrocytic vesicle circulation. The study identified a cellular mechanism in which ECM remodeling activates the astrocytic autophagy-lysosomal pathway and alleviates AD pathology. Targeting ECM remodeling may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for AD and serve as a reference for the treatment of this disease.
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex disorder affecting mainly, but not only, teenagers. Researchers agree that AN is deeply associated with a pro-inflammatory state following an impaired immune system, resulting from altered levels of cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α, also impacted by the frequent depressive states. Thus, this case-control study aimed to evaluate the relationship between patients suffering from AN undergoing specialized eating disorder treatment for AN and pro-inflammatory cytokines. To reach our purpose, we assessed eating-related psychopathology and depressive symptoms and measured serum concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α before and after 6 months of integrated therapy (which included psychopharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and nutritional treatment), to define whether selected pro-inflammatory cytokines could be considered a pathophysiological marker of the disorder. A sample of 16 young female patients with early diagnosis of AN, and without any previous treatment, and 22 healthy controls matched by age, sex, and socioeconomic status were enrolled. After 6 months of integrated therapy, a significant decrease of all selected pro-inflammatory cytokines was detected. In addition, an improvement in the anxiety-depressant aspects was also noted. In conclusion, the results obtained suggest that pro-inflammatory cytokines are indeed related to the pathophysiology of AN. However, further investigations, involving larger samples of patients with distinct subtypes of AN, are essential to confirm the current findings.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare metabolic parameters, plasma Osteopontin (OPN) and Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) levels between Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) patients in their 6th post-operation month and healthy control patients.
METHODS: Height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI) and laboratory parameters of 58 SG patients aged 18‒65 years (Group 1) and 46 healthy control patients (Group 2) were compared. In addition, preoperative and postoperative sixth-month BMI and laboratory parameters of the patients in Group 1 were compared.
RESULTS: The mean age and gender distributions of the groups were similar (p > 0.05). Mean BMI was 28.9 kg/m2 in Group 1 and 27 kg/m2 in Group 2 (p < 0.01). While plasma HGF levels were similar between both groups, plasma OPN levels were higher in Group 2 (p < 0.001). Fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting plasma insulin and insulin resistance values were higher in Group 1, while alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were higher in Group 2 (p < 0.05). There was a strong correlation between plasma HGF and OPN levels in Group 1, but not in Group 2 (Rho = 0.805, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: OPN and HGF are promising biomarkers that can be used to better understand and detect problems related to obesity. The fact that patients in the early post-SG period had lower plasma OPN and similar plasma HGF compared to non-surgical patients of similar age and gender with higher BMI may be another favorable and previously unknown metabolic effect of SG.
Tablet for oral use. Dose per administration: 2 tablets. 2 tablets twice daily (4 tablets/day). The tablets should be held in the mouth until dissolution, without meal.
The United States Preventive Services Task Force has recommended early screening in children in order to detect vision abnormalities that could result in amblyopia, a condition in which there is abnormal brain development when there is suboptimal vision in one or both eyes. Prior to the introduction of vision screening instruments, physicians would wait to screen children at age 3-4, when they are able to read letter or symbol charts. The introduction of vision screening instruments has provided a screening option for children as young as 6 months.

Photoscreening devices evaluate for amblyopia risk factors, including refractive error (need for glasses), or strabismus (eye misalignment). Since the advent of instrumental vision screening, improvements are continually being made to improve the quality and scope of vision screening devices. As more affordable and convenient instruments are developed to supplement the traditional letter charts used to screen children, there is a need for more prospective trials to test the efficacy of these instruments. Our study is designed to evaluate the latest model of GoCheck Kids iPhone vision screener with the widely-used Welch Allyn Spot Vision Screener. The GoCheck Kids smartphone application is paid for on a monthly basis and includes telephone rental rather than requiring that a device be purchased. This lower upfront cost option will allow for more primary care practices to participate with a decreased upfront financial burden.

Children ages 1 year to less than 7 years referred to a Yale New Haven Hospital and Yale Medicine pediatric ophthalmology practice for a failed vision screen will be prospectively recruited for participation at the time of their already scheduled appointment for a complete eye exam. Following informed consent, each participant will be screened using both the GoCheck Kids smartphone application and the Welch Allyn Spot Vision Screener. Screening for each of these devices involves a process akin to having a photograph taken. Obtaining consent and photo screenings will take less than 5 minutes. The complete eye exam, which will be performed in this referral group regardless of study participation, will include evaluation of the front and back of the eye, eye alignment, and determination of the refractive state by retinoscopy (check if glasses are needed by using a special type of light and handheld lenses). The ability of each screening device to detect amblyopia risk factors when they are present (sensitivity) will be determined by comparison with the detection of amblyopia risk factors during the complete eye exam, which is considered the gold standard.
A novel process has been developed for the treatment of cross-linked ethylene-propylene diene monomer (EPDM) elastomer material to decrease its residual peroxide levels. EPDM is used to form the seats and neck gaskets of metering valves used in metered-dose inhalers (MDI). For filled and inverted MDI units these EPDM components are in direct contact with the pharmaceutical formulation media. The process involves exposing the EPDM valve components to a solution of 2-mercaptoethanol, a chemical reducing agent. The 2-mercaptoethanol greatly diminishes the residual peroxide levels in EPDM by reducing the peroxide functional groups to the corresponding hydroxyl groups. EPDM components treated in this manner have demonstrated very low peroxide levels and, consequently, greatly improved compatibility with the pharmaceutical formulation in the inhaler. An advantage of this approach is that the treated EPDM would likely retain its favorable physical properties and its good performance in metering valves. In this work 2-mercaptoethanol was used as the model reducing agent. It is believed, however, that similar positive results can be obtained using other reducing agents, notably other volatile compounds containing sulfur in one of its lower valence states (i.e. other thiol compounds or sulfur dioxide).
PURPOSE:To obtain a potassium supplementary agent containing an extract from the pericarp or the whole fruit of a banana or a dried substance thereof as an active ingredient with ultralow contents of Na and Cl. CONSTITUTION:The pericarp of a banana or, together with flesh, is pulverized and, as necessary, subjected to suitable enzymic treatment. An extracting liquid (preferably ethanol and/or acetone) in an amount of up to 500 wt.%, preferably 10-200 wt.% based on the solid weight of the pulverized substance is then added thereto and liquid is separated from solids to provide an extract, which, as necessary, is dried. The K content of the resultant extract amounts to even about 14%. The molar ratio Na/K is within the range of 0.0001-0.1 and the molar ratio K/Cl is within the range of 2.0-20. Both the contents of the K and Cl are remarkably low. The extraction efficiency of the K can be enhanced by carrying out the enzymic treatment to simultaneously prevent browning.
Hypoglycemia is common in people with type 1 diabetes. Sometimes, severe hypoglycemia can be fatal. The underlying mechanisms by which severe hypoglycemia can lead to death are unclear. The sympathetic nervous system is thought to be proarrhythmic. We hypothesized that norepinephrine is the main mediator of severe hypoglycemia-induced fatal cardiac arrhythmias. To test this hypothesis, adult, non-diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to hyperinsulinemic-severe hypoglycemic clamps (3 h, 10-15 mg/dL) during two different experiments: (1) intracerebroventricular (ICV) norepinephrine (n = 26) or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) (n = 20) infusion or (2) blockade of norepinephrine release by intraperitoneal reserpine (n = 20) or control (n = 29). In experiment 1, brain norepinephrine infusion during severe hypoglycemia led to a 2.5-fold increase in third-degree heart block and a 24% incidence of ST elevation compared to no ST elevation in aCSF controls. In experiment 2, reserpine successfully reduced plasma and cardiac norepinephrine levels. During severe hypoglycemia, reserpine completely prevented second and third-degree heart block and T wave increases, a marker of myocardial infarction, compared to controls. In conclusion, norepinephrine increases while reserpine, used to reduce norepinephrine nerve terminal release, reduces heart block and markers of myocardial infarction during severe hypoglycemia.
Approximately 10 minutes for the child. Inhaler medication will be given with a mask that lasts. Before starting the procedure, the child will be introduced to the projector colleidoscope. Before the procedure, this device, which looks like a toy, will be projected onto the wall to divert attention. The projection will continue throughout the inhaler medication administration process. Vital signs (pulse, blood pressure, SPo2, respiration) before and after the application, Child Fear Scale will be evaluated by the researcher and the parent and recorded in the intervention follow-up form by the researcher.
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a very common, distressing condition that manifests as bothersome symptoms of urgency, frequent urination, urge incontinence, and nocturia, and impacts the lives of millions of men. OAB symptoms are most often treated with pharmacologic therapies (alpha-blocking agents and/or antimuscarinic agents) or behavioral treatments. Although drug therapies (even combined drug therapies) and behavioral treatments reduce OAB symptoms, few patients are completely cured with either treatment alone. Therefore, there is a need to improve interventions for this common problem. The primary purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of combining behavioral treatment and drug therapy as a way to improve outcomes in the treatment of OAB symptoms in men. This is a 3-site, 2-stage, 3-arm randomized clinical trial of behavioral treatment, drug therapy, and combined drug + behavioral therapy for men with OAB, to examine the efficacy of combined therapy and whether it yields higher success rates than either therapy alone. 204 men with OAB were enrolled and randomized to 1) drug therapy alone followed by combined therapy, 2) behavioral treatment alone followed by combined therapy, or 3) combined therapy as initial treatment.
Two actuations of Placebo Respimat inhaler, taken once daily for 7 days. After a washout period of 14 days, participants will then receive matching Placebo for 7 days.
BACKGROUND: Cutibacterium acnes is the bacterium most commonly responsible for shoulder periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) and is often cultured from samples obtained at the time of revision for failed shoulder arthroplasty. We sought to determine whether these bacteria originate from the patient or from exogenous sources. We also sought to identify which C. acnes genetic traits were associated with the development of shoulder PJI.
METHODS: We performed bacterial whole-genome sequencing of C. acnes from a single-institution repository of cultures obtained before or during primary and revision shoulder arthroplasty and correlated the molecular epidemiology and genetic content of strains with clinical features of infection.
RESULTS: A total of 341 isolates collected over a 4-year period from 88 patients were sequenced. C. acnes cultured from surgical specimens demonstrated significant similarity to the strains colonizing the skin of the same patient (P < .001). Infrequently, there was evidence of strains shared across unrelated patients, suggesting that exogenous sources of C. acnes culture-positivity were uncommon. Phylotypes IB and II were modestly associated with clinical features of PJI, but all phylotypes appeared inherently capable of causing disease. Chronic shoulder PJI was associated with the absence of common C. acnes genes involved in bacterial quorum-sensing (luxS, tqsA).
CONCLUSION: C. acnes strains cultured from deep intraoperative sources during revision shoulder arthroplasty demonstrate strong genetic similarity to the strains colonizing a patient's skin. Some phylotypes of C. acnes commonly colonizing human skin are modestly more virulent than others, but all phylotypes have a capacity for PJI. C. acnes cultured from cases of PJI commonly demonstrated genetic hallmarks associated with adaptation from acute to chronic phases of infection. This is the strongest evidence to date supporting the role of the patient's own, cutaneous C. acnes strains in the pathogenesis of shoulder arthroplasty infection. Our findings support the importance of further research focused on perioperative decolonization and management of endogenous bacteria that are likely to be introduced into the arthroplasty wound at the time of skin incision.