anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: There are limited studies on the effectiveness of Cambridge vision stimulator (CAM) therapy as a management strategy in amblyopic patients. In addition, all these studies have a low sample size. The main purpose of this study was to compare the effect of CAM therapy with passive occlusion therapy in the management of unilateral amblyopia.
METHODS: In this randomized clinical trial study, 110 cooperative amblyopic children, who had not been managed previously, were randomly divided into two groups of CAM therapy (n = 55) and passive occlusion therapy (n = 55). In the CAM procedure, five discs with different spatial frequencies (SF) (2, 6, 15, 20, 30 cycles/degree) were presented to the patient (30 minutes a day, twice a week). Plates with SF equal to the two lines better than the measured corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) were chosen. During the training, the non-amblyopic eye was occluded. The standard occlusion therapy protocols were performed in the occlusion therapy group. The CDVA for all patients was measured at baseline and then at one, two, and three months after the treatment.
RESULTS: The mean age of patients in CAM and occlusion therapy groups was 7.0 ± 2.1 and 6.9 ± 1.9 years, respectively (p = .721). There was no significant difference in the mean CDVA between CAM and occlusion therapy groups after one (0.30 ± 0.16 vs. 0.25 ± 0.14, p = .079), two (0.15 ± 0.10 vs. 0.15 ± 0.11, p = .732) and three months (0.05 ± 0.08 and 0.05 ± 0.06, p = .919) from baseline. However, the mean amount of CDVA increased significantly in each follow-up in both groups (all p < .001). Regarding the amblyopia type and severity, the mean improvement of CDVA from baseline in the anisometropic patients and in moderate amblyopia was significantly higher in the CAM group than the occlusion group after two and three months (p < .05).
DISCUSSION: CAM and conventional occlusion therapies significantly improved CDVA in children with amblyopia, and the difference was not significant; therefore, they could be used as alternatives. CAM therapy requires cost and time for the amblyopic patient and parents. Thus, it can be considered as a second treatment option in amblyopic patients, especially anisometropic type and moderate amblyopia, with poor compliance to patching.
Brain tumor excision under general anesthesia. This group will receive a 2 gm magnesium infusion for 30 minutes.
The invention provides a pharmaceutic preparation. The pharmaceutic preparation comprises a eucalyptus leaf extract and is used for treating acne, and the concentration of an effective ingredient in the eucalyptus leaf extract ranges from 20% to 80%. The pharmaceutic preparation comprising the eucalyptus leaf extract is used for treating the acne for the first time; the pharmaceutic preparation comprises a simple component and is convenient to take, no complicated boiling process is required, so that inconvenience brought by boiling is avoided, and the time of a patient is saved. Meanwhile, for pathogenic factors such as infection, inflammations and the like caused by propionibacterium acnes, antibacterial and anti-inflammation functions of the eucalyptus leaf extract have higher target performance, the treatment effect is significant, and conditions that waste is caused and a very small effect is realized due to usage of a large amount of auxiliary components are avoided. Thus, the pharmaceutic preparation comprising the eucalyptus leaf extract has the good curative effect. Therefore, the pharmaceutic preparation can solve the problem that Chinese herbal medicine compound preparations are inconvenient to use in the prior art.
Evolutionary adaptation of multicellular organisms to a closed gut created an internal microbiome differing from that of the environment. Although the composition of the gut microbiome is impacted by diet and disease state, we hypothesized that vertebrates promote colonization by commensal bacteria through shaping of the apical surface of the intestinal epithelium. Here, we determine that the evolutionarily ancient FOXA transcription factors control the composition of the gut microbiome by establishing favorable glycosylation on the colonic epithelial surface. FOXA proteins bind to regulatory elements of a network of glycosylation enzymes, which become deregulated when Foxa1 and Foxa2 are deleted from the intestinal epithelium. As a direct consequence, microbial composition shifts dramatically, and spontaneous inflammatory bowel disease ensues. Microbiome dysbiosis was quickly reversed upon fecal transplant into wild-type mice, establishing a dominant role for the host epithelium, in part mediated by FOXA factors, in controlling symbiosis in the vertebrate holobiont.
Participants will receive JNJ-67571244. The dose levels will be escalated sequentially based on the decisions of the Study Evaluation Team (SET) until the recommended Phase 2 Dose (RP2D) has been identified.
This study will be a multiple centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel group study conducted in male and female adult patients undergoing elective primary single hip arthroplasty. In part 1 of the study 12 patients will be enrolled in the study and will be administrated 120 mg Etoricoxib or placebo orally on day one post surgery. The results from part 1 should help to adjust sampling time points (for blood, cerebrospinal fluid and hip drain fluid) if necessary. In part 2 of the study 40 patients will be enrolled and should receive 120 mg etoricoxib or placebo two hours before and 24 hours after surgery.

Primary end points will be the inflammatory mediators on peripheral and central levels. After surgical manipulation we expect increased mediators on both sides. It will be investigated if the medication could reduce the mediators compared to placebo and if the effect is related to pharmacokinetic parameters.
Trans-resveratrol extract from Polygonum Cuspidatum (Mega Resveratrol, Danbury, USA) was used in the trial.Following the run-in period, subjects who were tolerant of the placebo would proceed to the treatment period. Subjects were given a starting dose of 500 mg daily of either resveratrol.The dose was increased by 500 mg per day every 3 days to a maximum dose of 3 g per day in three divided doses if there was no hypoglycemia. Subjects were instructed to abstain from foods with high resveratrol content during the entire duration of the trial.
BACKGROUND: Primary diffuse leptomeningeal melanomatosis (PDLM) is an extremely rare, aggressive malignant neoplasia of the central nervous system. We report the first case of pediatric PDLM from India.
METHODS: A review of literature was done to describe the 15 pediatric cases reported so far.
RESULTS: A 12-year-old male child presented with fever, vomiting, and headache for 2 months. Cerebrospinal fluid examination was normal. An MRI of the brain revealed hydrocephalus, for which antitubercular therapy was started and external ventricular drainage followed by ventriculoperitoneal shunt was done. Repeat MRI revealed a suprasellar lesion, nodular enhancement of cranial nerves along with dural enhancement of spinal cord with arachnoiditis, and long-segment myelomalacia. Repeat cerebrospinal fluid examination was negative for malignant cells. During biopsy, blackish dura with diffuse blackish deposits in ventricle were noted. Histopathological examination revealed tumor cells with intracytoplasmic coarse brown pigment melanoma, frequent mitotic figures, and immunohistochemistry testing was positive for human melanoma black-45 and MelanA, suggestive of PDLM. He expired 4 months after the diagnosis.
CONCLUSION: Diagnosing PDLM can be daunting in light of its slow but malignant progression mimicking TBM leading to improper management. However, the absence of any supportive microbiological evidence and failure to respond to the standard antitubercular therapy with subsequent progression of the symptoms should prompt the need for finding an alternative diagnosis. A targeted molecular diagnosis and precision medicine may provide a favorable outcome in children with PDLM.
An optimal analgesic therapy is very important for postoperative recovery. In recent years, several studies showed that the prevalence of the moderate to severe pain after craniotomy ranged from 69 to 87% of patients. In a previous study, the investigators showed that the use of morphine based patient controlled analgesia prevented moderate to severe postoperative pain in patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy. Morphine related side effects such as sedation, miosis, respiratory depression, nausea and vomiting produce a general reluctance for their use in neurosurgery. Therefore, all patients were closely observed to detect opioid related side effects in the intensive care unit for 24 hours following surgery in the previous study. The Integrated Pulmonary Index (IPI) is a new tool that calculates respiratory and hemodynamic parameters noninvasively. In the present study the investigators will use different doses of morphine based PCA and the IPI system to determine more effective and safer morphine dose for postoperative analgesia following supratentorial craniotomy.

90 patients will randomize in 3 groups following supratentorial craniotomy. All patients will previously instruct on the PCA pumps (Abbott Provider, Chicago, USA) and visual analogue scale (VAS) from 0 to 10, with 0 being no pain and 10 being the worst pain imaginable. All patients will use PCA for 24 hours following supratentorial craniotomy. In the Group 1 the PCA will set to administer a bolus dose of 1 mg morphine on demand with a lockout period of 10 minutes and maximum 20 mg for 4 hours. In the Group 2 the PCA set to administer a bolus dose of 0.5 mg morphine on demand with a lockout period of 10 minutes and maximum 20 mg for 4 hours. In the Group 3 the PCA will contain placebo. The Group 3 will take 50 mg dexketoprofen in the recovery room. Intra venous injections of dexketoprofen will repeat every 8 hours. If the VAS skore more than 4 the Group 3 patients will take 1 g paracetamol every 6 hours.

All patients will observe by the Integrated Pulmonary Index (IPI). It is a new device that provides to recognise in a patients respiratory status. This software tool is a single index value ranging from 1 to 10 based on 4 physiological parameters: end tidal carbon dioxide, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, pulse rate. Patients will asses at 10th minute, 1, 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively. Sedation will evaluate according to Ramsay score. VAS scores, total morphine consumption, Ramsay score, blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate, the IPI score will record at each time pain will evaluate. Postoperative side effects, including rash, pruritus, nausea and vomiting will record at the same intervals and defined by a scale with 0 = absent or 1 = present. Moreover the lowest IPI score, the apnea count (longer than 30 seconds) and the count of the desaturation events will record in the postoperative 24 hours.

The 3 Groups will compare with respect to VAS scores, morphine consumption, IPI scores, the apnea count, the desaturation events and morphine related side effects during the 24 hours following supratentorial craniotomy.
Subjects randomized into this group will receive named invitations for colonoscopy with pre-specified date, contact details of dedicated screening center. Invitations will be sent 6 weeks prior to suggested date of screening test. All subjects not responding to the invitation will receive a reminder letter 3 weeks prior to proposed appointment date. Additionally, a re-invitation for colonoscopy (screening test in 6 weeks) will be sent to participants not responding to the first invitation and the reminding letter.
OBJECTIVE: Sleep disturbances commonly reported among epilepsy patients have a reciprocal relationship with the condition; While epilepsy and anti-seizure medications (ASMs) can disrupt sleep structure, disturbed sleep can also exacerbate the frequency of seizures. This study explored subjective sleep disturbances and compared sleep profiles in patients who underwent ASM monotherapy and polytherapy.
METHODS: We enrolled 176 epilepsy patients who completed a structured questionnaire containing demographic and clinical information and the Persian versions of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) to evaluate sleep quality, insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), and depressive symptoms, respectively. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests were employed to analyze the association between variables, and logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors predicting sleep disturbances.
RESULTS: Comparative analysis of mono/polytherapy groups revealed a significantly higher prevalence of insomnia and EDS among patients on polytherapy compared to monotherapy. However, no significant difference was found in sleep quality between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed that a depressive mood serves as a robust predictor for sleep issues, whereas treatment type did not emerge as an independent predictor of sleep disturbances.
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that an increased number of ASMs does not inherently result in a higher incidence of sleep issues. Therefore, multiple ASMs may be prescribed when necessary to achieve improved seizure control. Furthermore, this study underscores the importance of comprehensive management that addresses seizure control and treating affective symptoms in individuals with epilepsy.
For the relief of symptomatic, documented gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), therapy should not exceed 12 weeks in duration.

Take 10 mg to 15 mg dose of Metoclopramide Hydrochloride Orally Disintegrating Tablets up to four times daily (e.g., at least 30 minutes before each meal and at bedtime). Doses may vary depending upon the symptoms being treated and the clinical response. If symptoms only occur intermittently or at specific times of the day, metoclopramide may be used in single doses up to 20 mg prior to the symptoms rather than continuous treatment.

Since there is a poor correlation between symptomatic relief and healing of esophageal lesions, any therapy directed at esophageal lesions is best confirmed by endoscopic evaluation. Although experience with the effects of metoclopramide on esophageal erosions and ulcerations is limited, healing was documented in a controlled trial using four times daily therapy at 15 mg/dose. Prolonged treatment (>12 weeks) with metoclopramide should be avoided in all but rare cases where therapeutic benefit is thought to counterbalance the risks to the patient of developing tardive dyskinesia. [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]
OBJECTIVE: This study compares executive functioning in deaf children with cochlear implants and those with normal hearing. Individuals who lacked auditory stimulation during their early years might experience cognitive challenges that extend beyond just speech and language abilities.
METHODS: The executive functioning abilities of a group of 32 children who were born deaf and received cochlear implants before the age of 7 were contrasted with those of 30 children with normal hearing. Both sets of children underwent assessments using the Tower of London, BRIEF, and Stroop tests.
RESULTS: The average score on the Tower of London task reveals that children who received cochlear implants (4.03 ± 2.53) achieved lower scores than typically hearing children (8.37 ± 2.79). This group also exhibited higher errors in the Stroop test and slightly longer response times Additionally, in terms of emotional control assessed by the BRIEF, a higher score was recorded. Notably, significant differences between the two groups were identified for organizing materials (t(62) = -4.204, p = 0.00). The tests measuring phonemic fluency, categorical fluency, and working memory also revealed significant differences.
CONCLUSIONS: The significant differences in data between both groups suggest the influence of cochlear implantation on cognitive functions. This emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach to supporting the overall development of these children.
OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the maximum tolerated dose of gemcitabine and docetaxel when administered with carboplatin with or without filgrastim (G-CSF) in patients with advanced solid tumors. II. Determine a safe dose level and schedule for this regimen for phase II study in these patients. III. Determine the toxicity of this regimen in these patients.

OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study of docetaxel and gemcitabine. Patients receive gemcitabine IV over 30 minutes, docetaxel IV over 1 hour, and carboplatin IV over 30 minutes on day 1. Patients also receive gemcitabine IV over 30 minutes on day 8. Treatment repeats every 21 days for approximately 6 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Cohorts of 3-6 patients receive escalating doses of gemcitabine and docetaxel until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is determined. The MTD is defined as the dose preceding that at which 2 of 3 or 2 of 6 patients experience dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). If the DLT is grade 4 neutropenia, filgrastim (G-CSF) is added to the regimen (administered subcutaneously on days 2-7 and 8-14 or until blood counts recover). A new MTD is then determined. Patients are followed every 3 months.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: Approximately 30 patients will be accrued for this study.
Monozygotic twins, 2-5 yo (annual return): In 2014-2015, individual twin participants will be given FluMist® a live, attenuated influenza vaccine quadrivalent (LAIV4) intranasally. Vaccine non-naive participants will return annually for flu immunization and for blood samples on Days 0, 7 and 60 post-immunization. Vaccine naive children will receive two immunizations in the first year, 28 days apart then return annually for flu immunization. Blood samples will be obtained on Days 0, 7 and 60 post second-immunization. Beginning in 2015-2016, participants in this arm will receive Fluzone® inactivated influenza vaccine quadrivalent (IIV4) as an intramuscular (IM) injection annually following Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendation against LAIV4.
By contrast, patients assigned to control condition were exposed to a standard visual dot-probe task in which targets were equally likely to replace pain or neutral cues (i.e., facial expressions) during pain trials (i.e., 50% pain-incongruent trials and 50% pain-congruent tri-als). The whole Control program will include a total of 1000 trials that will be distributed in 200 trials per session (twenty minutes per session).
Patients receive temozolomide PO QD on days 1-7 and 15-21 and lonafarnib PO BID on days 8-14 and 22-28. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 24 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related disorder manifested as hypertensive pregnancy (HTN-Preg) and often fetal growth restriction (FGR), but the mechanisms involved are unclear. We have reported enhanced reactivity of systemic vessels in HTN-Preg rats, but the critical changes in the uterine circulation are less clear. We tested whether HTN-Preg involves localized aberrations in uterine arterial tone, stiffness and remodeling by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Blood pressure (BP) and litter size were recorded in normal pregnant (Preg) rats and Preg rats with reduced uteroplacental perfusion pressure (RUPP). Isolated uterine arteries were placed in a pressure myograph for measuring intrinsic and extrinsic tone and arterial stiffness. Arteries were bathed in normal Krebs solution (2.5 mM Ca2+), Ca2+-free (2 mM EGTA) Krebs, treated with sodium nitroprusside (SNP), or endothelium denuded, then pressurized at 10 mmHg steps from 10 to 110 mmHg, and the % change in diameter was analyzed to measure total (active + passive), active Ca2+-dependent myogenic, passive, and endothelium-dependent tone, respectively. BP was higher and the litter size and pup weight were reduced in RUPP vs Preg rats. In normal Krebs, increasing intraluminal pressure caused smaller increments in diameter in arteries of RUPP vs Preg rats, suggesting greater total vascular tone. Arterial incubation in Ca2+-free Krebs, treatment with SNP or endothelium-removal abolished the differences in vascular tone, and subtraction of each of these components from total vascular tone revealed significant active Ca2+-dependent myogenic, passive, and endothelium-dependent tone, respectively, in RUPP vs Preg rats. The total and passive strain-stress curves were shifted leftward in arteries of RUPP vs Preg rats, indicating increased uterine arterial stiffness. Arterial sections showed decreased lumen/total and increased wall/total area, and immunohistochemistry revealed greater MMP-1 and MMP-7 staining particularly in the media, suggesting uterine arterial remodeling by MMPs in RUPP vs Preg rats. The increased uterine arterial active myogenic, passive, and endothelium-dependent tone, arterial stiffness and remodeling by MMPs would further reduce uterine blood flow and exacerbate uteroplacental ischemia, FGR and HTN-Preg.
The subjects undergo a thorough medical (physical and blood/urine tests) and psychiatric evaluation to determine eligibility after signed informed consent is obtained. If eligible, the subject will complete questionnaires and undergo structured clinical interviews with a study psychiatrist. The subject will then undergo a 2-day testing period during which time, blood is drawn each morning at 8 am, with the subject taking 0.5 mg of dexamethasone (a synthetic steroid) at 11 pm prior to the second day of blood testing. About 80 ml of blood will be drawn on each morning. The blood collected will then be assayed for cortisol dexamethasone, lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptor levels; cytokine levels in plasma and lipopolysaccharide stimulated and unstimulated whole blood (IL-2, sIL-2R, IL-6, sIL-6R, and IL-10); lymphocyte subsets (T helper and suppressor, B, and Natural Killer cell numbers), and antigen stimulation responses to tetanus and candida. In addition, blood from the first day of testing will undergo ex vivo challenge with dexamethasone at varying concentrations to determine differential cytokine sensitivities to steroid exposure in subjects.
Participants will receive the DNA vaccine at baseline and Months 1 and 2. They will then receive the rAd5 vaccine at Month 6.
Patients receive buparlisib PO QD on days 1-28. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Given that lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a prevalent spinal condition that causes significant individual suffering and societal costs, the genetic basis of LDH has received relatively little research. Our aim is to increase understanding of the genetic factors influencing LDH. We perform a genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) of LDH in the FinnGen project and in Estonian and UK biobanks, followed by a genome-wide meta-analysis to combine the results. In the meta-analysis, we identify 41 loci that have not been associated with LDH in prior studies on top of the 23 known risk loci. We detect LDH-associated loci in the vicinity of genes related to inflammation, disc-related structures, and synaptic transmission. Overall, our research contributes to a deeper understanding of the genetic factors behind LDH, potentially paving the way for the development of new therapeutics, prevention methods, and treatments for symptomatic LDH in the future.