anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The safety and efficacy of clonidine hydrochloride extended-release tablets in the treatment of ADHD have been established in pediatric patients 6 to 17 years of age. Use of clonidine hydrochloride extended-release tablets in pediatric patients 6 to 17 years of age is supported by three adequate and well-controlled studies; a short-term, placebo-controlled monotherapy trial, a short- term adjunctive therapy trial and a longer-term randomized monotherapy trial [see Clinical Studies (14)]. Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients below the age of 6 years has not been established.

Juvenile Animal Data

In studies in juvenile rats, clonidine hydrochloride alone or in combination with methylphenidate had an effect on bone growth at clinically relevant doses and produced a slight delay in sexual maturation in males at 3 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) for clonidine and methylphenidate.

In a study where juvenile rats were treated orally with clonidine hydrochloride from day 21 of age to adulthood, a slight delay in onset of preputial separation (delayed sexual maturation) was seen in males treated with 300 mcg/kg/day, which is approximately 3 times the MRHD of 0.4 mg/day on a mg/m2 basis. The no-effect dose was 100 mcg/kg/day, which is approximately equal to the MRHD. There was no drug effects on fertility or on other measures of sexual or neurobehavioral development.

In a study where juvenile rats were treated with clonidine alone (300 mcg/kg/day) or in combination with methylphenidate (10 mg/kg/day in females and 50/30 mg/kg/day in males; the dose was lowered from 50 to 30 mg/kg/day in males due to self-injurious behavior during the first week of treatment) from day 21 of age to adulthood, decreases in bone mineral density and mineral content were observed in males treated with 300 mcg/kg/day clonidine alone and in combination with 50/30 mg/kg/day methylphenidate and a decrease in femur length was observed in males treated with the combination at the end of the treatment period. These doses are approximately 3 times the MRHD of 0.4 mg/day clonidine and 54 mg/day methylphenidate on a mg/m2 basis. All these effects in male were not reversed at the end of a 4-week recovery period. In addition, similar findings were seen in males treated with a lower dose of clonidine (30 mcg/kg/day) in combination with 50 mg/kg/day of methylphenidate and a decrease in femur length was observed in females treated with clonidine alone at the end of the recovery period. These effects were accompanied by a decrease in body weight gain in treated animals during the treatment period but the effect was reversed at the end of the recovery period. A delay in preputial separation (sexual maturation) was observed in males treated with the combination treatment of 300 mcg/kg/day clonidine and 50/30 mg/kg/day methylphenidate. There was no effect on reproduction or sperm analysis in these males.
For the dynamic cupping protocol, the participants will be instructed to remain seated on the massage table with their feet supported, and the technique will applied to the entire shoulder (anterior, lateral and posterior face) and surrounding muscles (upper trapezius and pectoralis major). The cupping will be performed using a plastic cupping cup (5,08 cm in diameter) (K.S. Choi Corp®) and a pistol grip hand pump (K.S. Choi Corp®). The dynamic cupping will be performed for ten minutes, at a slow pace, and consists of applying a small amount of massage cream (ATL®) over the entire shoulder (to obtain the ideal sliding surface for cupping application), insufflation of the suction cup, with two pumps, and sliding it in the direction of the muscle fibers around the shoulder and also in the transversal direction.
A patch system for use on the skin of a human or animal subject for predictive testing, diagnostic testing and to serve as a dermal delivery system for drugs. The patch system comprises an open, one-piece, inverted dish-shaped housing of non-toxic, inert, soft and flexible material. About its periphery the housing terminates in at least one and preferably a pair of parallel, spaced, continuous, skin-contacting edges. The housing may contain an absorbent pad. About its periphery and spaced slightly upwardly from the one or more skin-contacting edges, the housing has a planar flange extending outwardly from its exterior surface. The bottom surface of the flange is adhesive coated. The adhesive coated flange affixes the housing to the skin. Prior to use, the housing and its peripheral flange may be provided with a protective release paper.
Veliparib is an investigational drug known as a "PARP inhibitor." Because veliparib affects the way that cells repair damage, veliparib may be useful in combination with radiation treatment because it may help make radiation work better. Veliparib is an oral medication that will be taken twice daily during the 6 weeks a patient is receiving radiation therapy. The researchers will also be analyzing blood and tissue taken from the skin of patients. The skin biopsies will help determine which patients are more sensitive to treatment with radiation combined with the study drug. While the blood sample will allow researchers to see if the way a person's body processes drugs affects how the patient responds to treatment.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the development of drugs of natural origin showing the broad spectrum of pharmacological effect. Invention proposes two agents as a species and an ointment comprising this species and a fat base taken in the ratio species : fat base = 1:5, respectively. Clinical trials showed good data resulting to decrease of consumption of nicotine and alcohol, sleep improvement, elimination of depression symptoms, astenoneurotic treatment course (for a month) of symptomatology of visceral organs damage. The external use of an ointment-base species results to the improvement of circulation in lower limbs, disappearance of trophic skin changes, rash in neurodermatitis, pain in damaged articulations and column. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of agent, absence of complication in treatment carrying out. 3 cl, 4 ex
Patients receive DGA/AICR-based dietary intervention for 6 months consisting of 12 education sessions (60 minutes each) every other week. Lectures will take place in an urban garden where fruit, vegetable, and herb harvesting 1-2 times per week is encouraged. All participants will be given a FitBit and regular physical activity will be encouraged. Finally, remote health coaching is offered to all study subjects for the duration of the intervention (12 weeks).
The overall goal of the proposed 3-year project is to determine the efficacy and cost-benefit of ACT Raising Safe Kids, an evidence-based child maltreatment (CM) prevention program to prevent multiple forms of violence by male caregivers and their children. The program, ACT Raising Safe Kids (ACT), was developed by the American Psychological Association and identified in the Center for Disease Control \& Prevention's technical package, Preventing Child Abuse \& Neglect, as a promising strategy to prevent child maltreatment. Evidence suggests the ACT program reduces coercive, harsh, and physically aggressive parenting practices; increases positive, nurturing parenting practices; and reduces children's externalizing, aggressive, bullying behavior. While suggesting the efficacy of ACT in reducing child maltreatment, existing program evaluations have been limited by the near complete absence of male caregivers in the evaluations. This is a critical gap as male caregivers are perpetrators in nearly 50% of substantiated child maltreatment cases and are more likely to engage in harsh discipline and corporal punishment that could cause injury. The true innovation of the work lies in examining the potential of ACT to additionally prevent intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration by male caregivers and subsequent youth violence (YV) by their children. To date, no evaluation of ACT has examined the combined prevention effects on CM, IPV, and YV among men or women.
PURPOSE: Pudendal neuropathy is an uncommon condition that exhibits several symptoms depending on the site of nerve entrapment. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of pudendal nerve neurolysis (PNN) in improving lower urinary tract symptoms, anal and/or urinary incontinence, and sexual dysfunctions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed on 20 May 2023 using Scopus, PubMed, and Embase. Only English and adult papers were included. Meeting abstracts and preclinical studies were excluded.
RESULTS: Twenty-one papers were accepted, revealing significant findings in the field. The study identified four primary sites of pudendal nerve entrapment (PNE), with the most prevalent location likely being at the level of the Alcock canal. Voiding symptoms are commonly exhibited in patients with PNE. PNN improved both urgency and voiding symptoms, and urinary and anal incontinence but is less effective in cases of long-standing entrapment. Regarding sexual function, the recovery of the somatic afferent pathway results in an improvement in erectile function early after neurolysis. Complete relief of persistent genital arousal disorder occurs in women, although bilateral PNN is necessary to achieve the efficacy. PNN is associated with low-grade complications.
CONCLUSIONS: PNN emerges as a viable option for addressing urinary symptoms, fecal incontinence, erectile dysfunction, and female sexual arousal in patients suffering from PNE with minimal postoperative morbidity.
LEE011 600 mg (hard gelatin capsules) was administered orally once daily for 3 weeks on/1 week off. A complete treatment cycle was defined as 28 days.
BACKGROUND: Our goal was to investigate linkages between skin color parameters and skin hydration. Since most prior studies focused on stratum corneum hydration, we focused on epidermal and dermal hydration in relation to skin color parameters in both sexes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty adults (16 female) with an age ± SD of 24.3 ± 0.6 years participated. Three sites on both volar forearms were evaluated for melanin index (MI), erythema index (EI), Individual Typology Angle (ITA), tissue dielectric constant (TDC) values to depths of 0.5 mm (TDC0.5) and 2.5 mm (TDC2.5), and Fitzpatrick skin type (FST).
RESULTS: MI and EI were highly correlated (r = 0.800, p < 0.001) with maximum differences in MI and ITA along the arm of 3% and 6.3% with no difference between arms. Male MI was greater than females (p < 0.01). Male TDC2.5 was 36.1 ± 5.4 and correlated with EI (r = 0.231, p = 0.035). Contrastingly, female TDC25 was 28.5 ± 3.6 with no correlation with EI but was correlated with MI (r = -0.301, p = 0.003). These differential patterns held true for TDC0.5. For both sexes, FST and ITA were highly correlated (r = -0.756, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The findings revealed several correlations between skin color parameters and hydration that differed between males in females in some cases. The observed correlations may indicate that melanin may differentially impact water-holding capacity between sexes and provides a future research target. Further, these initial findings also may hold significance for dermatological assessments and the customization of skincare treatments tailored to individual skin types and demographics.
The usual initial dose is 40 mg nadolol once daily. Dosage may be gradually increased in 40 to 80 mg increments at 3 to 7 day intervals until optimum clinical response is obtained or there is pronounced slowing of the heart rate. The usual maintenance dose is 40 or 80 mg administered once daily. Doses up to 160 or 240 mg administered once daily may be needed.

The usefulness and safety in angina pectoris of dosage exceeding 240 mg per day have not been established. If treatment is to be discontinued, reduce the dosage gradually over a period of one to two weeks (see WARNINGS).
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of TRPM8 in neuroproliferation and pain, as well as the relevance of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in mice with IC/BPS.
METHODS: The model of IC/BPS was established in wild and TRPM8-/- mice. The mechanical sensitivity was measured. The number of neurite segments, length of neurites, and density of neurites were all counted. IL-6 and norepinephrine levels were detected by ELISA, Western blot was used to detect protein levels of TRPM8, Akt, p-Akt, mTOR, p-mTOR. Immunofluorescence was used to detect TRPM8 expression and distribution in neurites, neurons, and sensory nerves in mouse bladder tissue.
RESULTS: Pain threshold in the IC/BPS group was decreased, and neurite segments, length, and density were all significantly enhanced when compared to the control group. The parameters in the IC/BPS model + Menthol group were more statistically significant. Neurite number and density were lower in TRPM8 knockout-model mice than in IC/BPS model mice. The expression of TRPM8 and the ratios of p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR rose in the IC/BPS model group. In TRPM8 knockout-model mice, the ratios of p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR were not substantially different from those in the control group. TRPM8 knockout-model mice had considerably lower levels of serum IL-6 and urine norepinephrine than IC/BPS model mice.
CONCLUSIONS: TRPM8 can induce pain hypersensitivity and sensory nerve proliferation by activating Akt/mTOR pathway and raising the expression of IL-6 and norepinephrine in IC/BPS models. These findings offer new perspectives on IC/BPS treatment.
Following the first meeting after the pre-tests, a weekly training was created via Zoom. Diabetes education presentations prepared beforehand were explained in two parts in each training. Training interventions were carried out weekly over Zoom for 4 weeks, lasting approximately 40 minutes. Patients' questions were answered.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. PD is characterized primarily by motor impairment, but cognitive impairment is common and dementia may occur in up to 50% of patients. Cholinergic deficits have been widely demonstrated in PD patients with and without dementia. Cholinergic deficits are more profound in the setting of PD with dementia. The cholinergic system mediates aspects of learning and memory and deficits in cholinergic function are correlated with the degree of dementia in PD. Additionally, the cholinergic system may mediate certain aspects of motor function in PD. Data on cholinergic function, particularly relating to nicotinic cholinergic receptors, are limited to post mortem studies, and little is known about the role of the cholinergic system in vivo and how it relates to clinical phenomena. The aim of the current study is to assess the feasibility and usefulness of imaging of the high affinity alpha 4 beta 2 nicotinic cholinergic receptor in vivo, using SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) imaging in patients with PD. The long-term goal of the present study is to further understanding of the role of the cholinergic system in the pathogenesis of PD and to elucidate potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
Twenty-four participants with edentulous maxillary and mandibular ridges underwent meticulous selection, with two implants placed in the mandibular canine areas through a two-stage surgical technique facilitated by a radiographic and surgical stent. Following this, patients were provided with maxillary and mandibular complete removable dentures relined with soft liners. After the subsequent three-month osseointegration period, ball attachments were introduced. Patients were randomly allocated to two groups based on the type of prosthesis they received. Group I received mandibular implant-retained overdenture reinforced with the Co-Cr framework, while Group II received mandibular implant-retained overdenture reinforced with the PEKK framework, both groups received complete removable dentures for the maxillary arch. The assessment of prosthetic maintenance for mandibular implant-retained overdentures in both groups was conducted twelve months post-denture insertion.
The patients in the early loading group are also allowed to have weight-bearing as tolerated from day 0 and perform tendon strain exercises 3 times each day from 2 weeks after the rupture. The patients in this group will also remove the walker twice a day and use a special training pedal for 5 weeks (until walker removal).
The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine and especially relates to a traditional Chinese medicine for treating acute bacillary dysentery. The traditional Chinese medicine comprises 40-50g of plantain seed, 20-40g of sophora flavescens and 15-25g of scorched hawthorn fruit. The above materials are grinded together into fine powder so that the traditional Chinese medicine is obtained. 10g of the traditional Chinese medicine is taken with warm boiled water each time, three times a day. A treatment course comprises 5 days. The traditional Chinese medicine is designed according to the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation theory, has a simple formula, utilizes the easily acquired raw materials, has a low cost, high curative effects and no toxic or side effect, and can regulate the human body to a normal state.
Polysaccharide CSTPs extracted from Camellia sinensis tea-leaves possessed unique against oxidative damage by scavenging ROS. Herein, acid tea polysaccharide CSTPs-2 with tightly packed molecular structure was isolated, purified and characterized in this research. Furthermore, the effects of CSTPs-2 on ROS-involved inflammatory responses and its underlying mechanisms were investigated. The results suggest that CSTPs-2 dramatically reduced the inflammatory cytokines overexpression and LPS-stimulated cell damage. CSTPs-2 could trigger the dephosphorylation of downstream AKT/MAPK/NF-κB signaling proteins and inhibit nuclear transfer of p-NF-κB to regulate the synthesis and release of inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated cells by ROS scavenging. Importantly, the impact of CSTPs-2 in downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and mitigating ROS overproduction is associated with clathrin- or caveolae-mediated endocytosis uptake mechanisms, rather than TLR-4 receptor-mediated endocytosis. This study presents a novel perspective for investigating the cellular uptake mechanism of polysaccharides in the context of anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
Muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) is essential for the formation, function, and preservation of neuromuscular synapses. Activation of MuSK by a MuSK agonist antibody may stabilize or improve the function of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) in patients with disorders of the NMJ, such as congenital myasthenia (CM). Here, we generated and characterized ARGX-119, a first-in-class humanized agonist monoclonal antibody specific for MuSK, that is being developed for treatment of patients with neuromuscular diseases. We performed in vitro ligand-binding assays to show that ARGX-119 binds with high affinity to the Frizzled-like domain of human, nonhuman primate, rat, and mouse MuSK, without off-target binding, making it suitable for clinical development. Within the Fc region, ARGX-119 harbors L234A and L235A mutations to diminish potential immune-activating effector functions. Its mode of action is to activate MuSK, without interfering with its natural ligand neural Agrin, and cluster acetylcholine receptors in a dose-dependent manner, thereby stabilizing neuromuscular function. In a mouse model of DOK7 CM, ARGX-119 prevented early postnatal lethality and reversed disease relapse in adult Dok7 CM mice by restoring neuromuscular function and reducing muscle weakness and fatigability in a dose-dependent manner. Pharmacokinetic studies in nonhuman primates, rats, and mice revealed a nonlinear PK behavior of ARGX-119, indicative of target-mediated drug disposition and in vivo target engagement. On the basis of this proof-of-concept study, ARGX-119 has the potential to alleviate neuromuscular diseases hallmarked by impaired neuromuscular synaptic function, warranting further clinical development.
Patients receive bevacizumab 5 mg/kg IV every two weeks and then receive either FOLFOX or FOLFIRI every two weeks as described in the intervention section. One cycle is defined as 8 weeks of treatment. Treatment continues until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or surgery with curative intent as planned.
Individuals with psychosis often experience delusions, hallucinations and disorganised thinking. Clinicians call these 'positive symptoms' as they are seen as an addition to regular functioning. Psychosis can also lead to loss of some functions such as lower motivation and decreased interest in activities; these are called 'negative symptoms'. Even though most people receive medication for psychosis, psychological therapies such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) are also important in terms of managing symptoms and increasing well-being. Standard CBTp is made up of different treatment components and in therapy, different treatment components can be included or excluded depending on the needs of the individual. In this study the investigators are looking to identify treatment components that are beneficial to CBTp. In particular, the aim is to test whether adding some newly developed treatment components to CBTp can lead to additional benefits to patients, in terms of reducing unhelpful thinking styles. This will be done through a double-blind randomized case-series design, where participants will either receive standard CBTp or standard CBTp with added treatment components.

Four weeks before the intervention starts, throughout therapy, as well as four weeks after therapy, participants will complete weekly questionnaires to assess symptoms and thinking patterns. This will allow the researcher to measure weekly changes before, during and after the therapy. Additional questionnaires and interviews as well as computer tasks will also be completed before the therapy starts (baseline), mid-therapy and post-therapy to gain more insight into changes in mood, quality of life, thinking patterns and symptoms. In addition, to study the long-term effect of the intervention, participants will be asked to complete a follow-up assessment session 12 weeks after the therapy is completed. Participants and clinicians will also be given the opportunity to give feedback on their experience of having received/delivered the therapy. This will be done through an interview with the researcher, and will give us further insight into how future therapies for psychosis might be improved, both from a clinician and patient perspective.
EARHLI will be a phase II 1:1 randomized controlled trial of a hearing intervention (including prescription hearing aids) versus a health education program. Participants must be 55-75 years old and have early-stage age-related hearing loss and amnestic mild cognitive impairment. The trial will last 1 year and occur at a single site (Columbia University Irving Medical Center). Outcome measurements will include cognition, social engagement, and change in brain organization/connectivity. Assessments will occur at study start, 6 months, and 12 months. A total of 150 participants will be enrolled (75 per intervention group). Participants will also have a hearing test and a blood test. Approximately half of participants will have two MRI scans. As part of participating, all participants will get prescription hearing aids, either at study start or end.
Chemoemulsion (doxorubicin, mitomycin and cisplatin) followed by embolization. The entire procedure will be repeated separately to each involved lobe beginning within 8 weeks of the last lobar chemoembolization.