anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Up to 300 subjects with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) negative chronic hepatitis B who are inactive carriers (specified as those with HBV DNA levels \<2,000 IU/mL over a 6-month period with ALT levels \<1.5 X upper limit of normal and HBsAg level \<1500 IU/mL) will be screened and 25 enrolled in a randomized trial of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIg) for 12 weeks followed by peginterferon alfa for 24 weeks versus peginterferon alfa-2a alone for 24 weeks. The focus of the study is to understand mechanistically what effect the removal of HBsAg will have on the immune response and action of peginterferon alfa-2a. Chronic hepatitis B is characterized by immune exhaustion, which is felt to be caused by ongoing exposure of immune cells to high levels of viral antigens such as HBsAg. Presence of viral antigen results in continuous immune cell stimulation leading to functional exhaustion and progressive loss of immune function. In this study, we will attempt to achieve elimination of circulating HBsAg from the blood of chronically infected patients by administering high doses of hepatitis B immunoglobulin followed by peginterferon alfa-2a. A control arm consisting of peginterferon alfa-2a alone will be included to allow for assessment of the effect of HBIg on response to peginterferon alfa-2a. We will investigate whether this strategy will result in restoration of and/or increase in innate immunity leading to HBsAg clearance and development of long-lasting protective immunity. The proposed study will be conducted in three phases with pre-specified stopping rules to ensure subjects are responding appropriately at the end of each phase before moving to the next phase. The primary endpoints of the trial will be restoration of HBV-specific adaptive immunity at two time points (the end of HBIg treatment (week 12) and at the end of treatment (week 36) and increase in innate immune response to peginterferon alfa-2a treatment and a secondary endpoint will be a greater than 0.5 log10 reduction in HBsAg level at the study end point (week 36).
The preoperative prophylactic administration of Cefuroxime for Injection, USP may prevent the growth of susceptible disease-causing bacteria and thereby may reduce the incidence of certain postoperative infections in patients undergoing surgical procedures (e.g., vaginal hysterectomy) that are classified as clean-contaminated or potentially contaminated procedures. Effective prophylactic use of antibiotics in surgery depends on the time of administration. Cefuroxime for Injection, USP should usually be given one-half to 1 hour before the operation to allow sufficient time to achieve effective antibiotic concentrations in the wound tissues during the procedure. The dose should be repeated intraoperatively if the surgical procedure is lengthy.

Prophylactic administration is usually not required after the surgical procedure ends and should be stopped within 24 hours. In the majority of surgical procedures, continuing prophylactic administration of any antibiotic does not reduce the incidence of subsequent infections but will increase the possibility of adverse reactions and the development of bacterial resistance.

The perioperative use of Cefuroxime for Injection, USP has also been effective during open heart surgery for surgical patients in whom infections at the operative site would present a serious risk. For these patients it is recommended that therapy with Cefuroxime for Injection, USP be continued for at least 48 hours after the surgical procedure ends. If an infection is present, specimens for culture should be obtained for the identification of the causative organism, and appropriate antimicrobial therapy should be instituted.
The study is an open-label dose escalating phase Ib study of SCO-101 in combination with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel. The primary objective is to establish the safety, tolerability and MTD of SCO-101 when combined with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel. Secondary objectives are efficacy and to establish PK parameters of SCO-101. The target indication is patients with inoperal pancreatic cancer who are to be treated with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel. The study is designed as a standard 3+3 dose escalation study with increasing doses of SCO-101 and a fixed dose (standard regimen) of gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel. An interim report will be prepared once the last patient in the MTD cohort has completed one treatment cycle. Patients will continue treatment until disease progression to evaluate secondary objectives. One treatment Cycle is 28 days. The starting dose of SCO-101 is 150 mg 6 daily dosing in a bi-weekly schedule) and may be increased to a maximum of 350 mg (5 cohorts with 50 mg increments). A total of up to 18 patients are anticipated if dose escalation to the 5th cohort. Gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel is administered according to local standard recommendations once weekly for three weeks followed by one weeks treatment holiday (dosing on day 6, day 13 and day 20). Patients may continue treatment until treatment progression.
We define narrative bias as a tendency to interpret information as part of a larger story or pattern, regardless of whether the facts support the full narrative. Narrative bias in title and abstract means that results reported in the title and abstract of an article are done so in a way that could distort their interpretation and mislead readers who had not read the whole article. Narrative bias is often referred to as "spin." It is prevalent in abstracts of scientific papers and is impactful because abstracts are often the only part of an article read. We found no extant narrative bias instrument suitable for exploring both efficacy and safety statements in randomized trials and systematic reviews of pain. We constructed a 6-point instrument with clear instructions and tested it on randomised trials and systematic reviews of cannabinoids and cannabis-based medicines for pain, with updated searches to April 2021. The instrument detected moderate or severe narrative bias in the title and abstract of 24% (8 of 34) of randomised controlled trials and 17% (11 of 64) of systematic reviews; narrative bias for efficacy and safety occurred equally. There was no significant or meaningful association between narrative bias and study characteristics in correlation or cluster analyses. Bias was always in favour of the experimental cannabinoid or cannabis-based medicine. Put simply, reading title and abstract only could give an incorrect impression of efficacy or safety in about 1 in 5 papers reporting on these products.
The invention provides a pyrrole and tellurium-thiophene based copolymer nanoparticle and a synthesis method and application thereof. Adding the stabilizer into the water phase under the protection of inert gas, and uniformly mixing. Adding an oxidant into the solution and uniformly mixing. And dissolving the intermediate 1 and the intermediate 2 in an organic solvent, and dropwise adding the solution. And after the mixture completely reacts, centrifuging by adopting a low-temperature centrifuge, and dispersing the obtained precipitate by using an ultrasonic cleaner to obtain the pyrrole and tellurium-thiophene based copolymer nanoparticles. The copolymer nanoparticles of the present invention are useful for photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy.
Individuals in this group will undergo pre-assessments for body composition (DXA), Insulin sensitivity (Hyperinsulinaemic Euglycaemic clamp and continuous glucose monitor) with muscle biopsies pre- and post- clamp for analysis of lipid metabolites, liver fat (MRI) and exercise capacity (VO2 max). Participants will then ingest nothing prior to their exercise sessions during the 12-week exercise programme.
Pre-operatively all patients were advised soft ball arm exercise. Patients were instructed not to use the concerned arm for blood sampling. The morning dose of antihypertensive was skipped if the patient mean arterial blood pressure was less than 100 mm Hg. Modified Allens test was done pre operative to check for the patency of the palmar arch. Preoperative Doppler of the concerned limb was done one day prior to the procedure by the consultant radiologist. The ulnar artery, radial artery, and cephalic vein diameter were measured at the wrist and the forearm. They were imaged in both transverse and sagittal planes at the levels of venous stenosis or thrombosis and a venogram was considered. On the day of surgery, patient were advised to take light breakfast in the morning prior to the procedure. Patient were shifted inside the operation theatre and all American society anaesthesiologist standard monitors were attached. This included pulse oxymeter, non invasive blood pressure and electrocardiogram. Patients lie supine on the operating table and the arm selected for fistula creation was abducted to an angle of 90 degree and kept on an arm rest.

Under all aseptic precaution 10 ml of local anaesthetic agent (5ml 2% Lidocaine + 5 ml Normal saline) was injected just proximal to wrist joint. After waiting for 5 minutes and confirmimg its effect, a 2 cm skin incision was made in between the radial artery and cephalic vein in the distal forearm. First of all, cephalic vein was dissected free from the surrounding structures. The S shaped retractors were used for the proper exposure. All vein tributaries were ligated with 4-0 silk. Vein at the distal end of the incision was ligated and divided. A 20 G cannula was inserted and 10 ml of heparinized saline (1 unit ml-1) was injected into the cephalic vein. After this a 5 F infant feeding tube was inserted into the vein and another 10 ml of heparinised saline was injected. Radial artery is then identified and mobilized from the surrounding structures. Around one and half cm of radial artery is exposed. Bull dog clamps were applied both proximally and distally to occlude the blood flow. Then using 11 number scalpel blade an arteriotomy of approximately 1 cm was done. Similarly veinotomy of around 1.3 cm was done for cephalic vein using the potts scissor. Then end to side anastomosis was done using continuous 7-0 prolene sutures. Posterior wall was done first, followed by the anterior wall. After completing the procedure and achieving complete haemostatsis, fistula was palpated for the presence of immediate thrill. Tablet amoxicillin 500 mg with clavulanic acid 125 mg was given to all patients for 5 days and after each dialysis. Soft ball arm exercise was also advised till the fistula matures. Immediate surgical complications were noted.
PREMISE: The proportion of polyploid plants in a community increases with latitude, and different hypotheses have been proposed about which factors drive this pattern. Here, we aimed to understand the historical causes of the latitudinal polyploidy gradient using a combination of ancestral state reconstruction methods. Specifically, we assessed whether (1) polyploidization enables movement to higher latitudes (i.e., polyploidization precedes occurrences in higher latitudes) or (2) higher latitudes facilitate polyploidization (i.e., occurrence in higher latitudes precedes polyploidization).
METHODS: We reconstructed the ploidy states and ancestral niches of 1032 angiosperm species at four paleoclimatic time slices ranging from 3.3 million years ago to the present, comprising taxa from four well-represented clades: Onagraceae, Primulaceae, Solanum (Solanaceae), and Pooideae (Poaceae). We used ancestral niche reconstruction models alongside a customized discrete character evolution model to allow reconstruction of states at specific time slices. Patterns of latitudinal movement were reconstructed and compared in relation to inferred ploidy shifts.
RESULTS: No single hypothesis applied equally well across all analyzed clades. While significant differences in median latitudinal occurrence were detected in the largest clade, Poaceae, no significant differences were detected in latitudinal movement in any clade.
CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary study is the first to attempt to connect ploidy changes to continuous latitudinal movement, but we cannot favor one hypothesis over another. Given that patterns seem to be clade-specific, more clades must be analyzed in future studies for generalities to be drawn.
The invention provides a vaccine capable of simultaneously preventing neospora caninum infection and toxoplasma infection, a nucleotide sequence used for encoding a vaccine atigen, a preparation method of the vaccine and application of the vaccine. The amino acid sequence of the vaccine atigen is shown as SEQ. ID. NO. 2 and SEQ. ID. NO. 4. The preparation method of the vaccine comprises the following specific steps of according to open reading frames of a neospora caninum AMAI (Apical Membrane Antigen) gene sequence and a toxoplasma AMAI gene sequence, designing a universal primer of neospora caninum and toxoplasma cross antigen AMAI genes, building pMD18-T-Nc/TgAMAI recombined cloning plasmid, recombinant adenovirus shuttle plasmid pCR259-Nc/TgAMAI and expression plasmid H294-Nc/TgAMAI, packaging Ad5-Nc/TgAMAI recombinant adenovirus by a liposome mediated transfection QBI-HEK293 cell, amplifying and purifying to prepare an Ad5-Nc/TgAMAI recombinant adenovirus vector vaccine.
Participants undergo laparoscopic gastrointestinal malignancy surgery will be included in this group. The pressure of pneumoperitoneum maintain in 10-12mmHg.
In Period A, participants will receive risankizumab dose A at Weeks 0 and 4. In Period B, participants will receive risankizumab dose A at Weeks 16, 28, 40 and 52, and also placebo at Weeks 20, 32, 44 and 56.
INTRODUCTION: Adjuvant treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD1-antibodies (ICI) ± CTLA4-antibodies (cICI) or targeted therapy with BRAF/MEK inhibitors (TT), has shown a significant improvement in disease-free survival (DFS) for high-risk melanoma patients. However, due to specific side effects, the choice of treatment is often influenced by the risk of toxicity. Therefore, the role of physicians in treatment decisions of patients is crucial. This study investigated for the first time in a multicenter setting the attitudes and preferences of dermatooncologists in Germany and Switzerland regarding adjuvant treatment with (c)ICI and TT.
METHODS: In the GERMELATOX-A study, 108 physicians (median age: 32 yrs, 67.6% female) from 11 skin cancer centers were surveyed to rate typical side effect scenarios of (c)ICI and TT treatments and then compared to patients' ratings evaluated in a previous analysis from the same centers. The scenarios described mild-to-moderate or severe toxicity and included melanoma relapse leading to death. The physicians were asked about the level of side effects they would tolerate in exchange for a reduction in melanoma relapse and an increase in survival at 5 years.
RESULTS: The preferences of physicians and patients revealed significant differences regarding adjuvant melanoma treatment with (c)ICI and TT (p < 0.05). Compared to patients, physicians tend to value a melanoma relapse less severe, according to a visual analog scale. They were also less threatened by all scenarios of side effects during adjuvant treatment with (c)ICI or TT, compared to patients. Physicians required lower risk reductions for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for both ICI and TT and their drug-related side effects to accept these treatments. In case of severe side effects, physicians required similar 5-year DFS rates for ICI and TT (60-65%), while patients needed a 15% improvement of 5-year DFS for ICI compared to TT (80%/65%). For survival, physicians expected an OS improvement of + 10% for all three treatment modalities, whereas patients required a higher increase: + 18-22% for ICI and + 15% for TT.
CONCLUSION: Our study highlights the importance of understanding the patient's perspective and a potential difference to the doctor's view when making decisions about adjuvant melanoma treatment with (c)ICI and TT, especially as these treatments are increasingly being implemented in earlier stages.
FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to anthracycline derivatives of general structural formula given below ^ where R1, R2 and R3 are H or OH; R4 denotes H, OH, C1-C5alkyl, or O-(C1-C5)alkyl; R5 is O or NH; and R6 is selected from a group comprising H, OH and a sugar residue which is The invention also relates to a method of producing said derivatives by reacting 13-ketoanthracycline or acid salt thereof with benzenidesulphonylhydrazide in an alcohol solvent at temperature of approximately 35-50C for approximately 10-24 hours. The invention also pertains to a method of producing 13-deoxyanthracyclines, involving preparation of an alcoholic solution of the said 13-benzenidesulphonylhydrazine anthracycline; addition of a reducing agent and acid to the said solution; heating said solution without stirring, agitation or dephlegmation in order to reduce said 13-benzenidesulphonylhydrazine anthracycline; neutralisation of said solution with an aqueous solution of a base to obtain said 13-deoxyanthracycline derivative and precipitation; and, additionally, filtration of said precipitate, extraction of said 13-deoxyanthracycline from said precipitate, as well as extraction of said 13-deoxyanthracycline from the filtrate. The invention also relates to a method of producing 5-imino-13-deoxyanthracyclines involving synthesis of 13-deoxyanthracyclines as described above; dissolution of said 13-deoxyanthracyclines in an alcohol and conversion of said 13-deoxyanthracyclines to the corresponding 5-imino-13-deoxyanthracyclines under the effect of ammonia at temperature lower than approximately 20C. The invention also relates to a method of producing 13-deoxyanthracyclines involving preparation of an alcoholic solution of 13-benzenidesulphonylhydrazine anthracycline having structural formula given below; addition of a reducing agent and a pyridinium acid salt to the said solution and heating said solution to reduce said 13-benzenidesulphonylhydrazine anthracycline. The invention also relates to a method of producing 5-imino-13-deoxyanthracyclines involving preparation of said 13-deoxyanthracycline and its conversion to the corresponding 5-imino-13-deoxyanthracycline under the effect of ammonia at temperature lower than approximately 20C. ^ EFFECT: new compounds have useful biological properties. ^ 21 cl, 4 tbl, 4 ex
Lung cancer (PC) is the most prevalent tumor. The loss of muscle mass, myosteatosis and changes in body composition have been associated with inflammation in cancer and PUFA n-3 have been shown to be an important modulator of the inflammatory response and epigenetic mechanisms. Additionally, the intestinal microbiome has received prominence with the use of immunotherapy, as it is demonstrating that resistance to this therapy can be attributed to the abnormal composition of the intestinal microbiome. Aims: The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of fish oil supplementation in the modulation of lean mass and intestinal microbiome in patients with lung cancer undergoing treatment with immunotherapy, chemotherapy and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors receiving a high-protein diet. Methods: Fifty patients will be randomly allocated either to treatment with fish oil or to placebo for 4 months. The following assessments will be made: lean mass, myosteatosis, sarcopenia, adipose compartment, inflammation, micro RNA, food consumption, membrane phospholipid composition, composition of the intestinal microbiota, toxicity, response to antineoplastic treatment and survival.
Myocardial remodeling, which occurs in the final stage of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, can ultimately result in heart failure. However, the pathogenesis of myocardial remodeling remains incompletely understood, and there is currently a lack of safe and effective treatment options. Salidroside, which is extracted from the plant Rhodiola rosea, shows remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the cardioprotective effect of salidroside on myocardial remodeling, and clarify the associated mechanism. Salidroside effectively attenuated cardiac dysfunction, myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, and cardiac inflammation, as well as renal injury and renal fibrosis in an animal model of deoxycortone acetate (DOCA)-salt-induced myocardial remodeling. The cardioprotective effect of salidroside was mediated by inhibiting the endothelin 1 and PI3K/AKT/NFκB signaling pathways. Salidroside was shown to inhibit the expression of endothelin1 in the hearts of mice treated with DOCA-salt. Additionally, it could prevent cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by endothelin-1 stimulation. Furthermore, Salidroside could effectively inhibit the excessive activation of the PI3K/AKT/NFκB pathway, which was caused by DOCA-salt treatment in mouse hearts and endothelin 1 stimulation in cardiomyocytes. Our study suggests that salidroside can be used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of myocardial remodeling.
Penicillin G is bactericidal against penicillin-susceptible microorganisms during the stage of active multiplication. It acts by inhibiting biosynthesis of cell-wall mucopeptide. It is not active against the penicillinase-producing bacteria, which include many strains of staphylococci. Penicillin G is highly active in vitro against staphylococci (except penicillinase-producing strains), streptococci (groups A, B, C, G, H, L and M), pneumococci and Neisseria meningitidis.

Other organisms susceptible in vitro to penicillin G are Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Bacillus anthracis, clostridia, Actinomyces species, Spirillum minus, Streptobacillus moniliformis, Listeria monocytogenes, and leptospira; Treponema pallidum is extremely susceptible.

Some species of gram-negative bacilli were previously considered susceptible to very high intravenous doses of penicillin G (up to 80 million units/day) including some strains of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, salmonella, shigella, Enterobacter aerogenes (formerly Aerobacter aerogenes) and Alcaligenes faecalis. Penicillin G is no longer considered a drug of choice for infections caused by these organisms.
BACKGROUND: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune connective-tissue disease, characterised by vasculopathy and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Activation of microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) causes the intimal hyperplasia that characterises the vascular remodelling in SSc. The most frequent complication of SSc is the development of digital ulcers (DUs). Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) may trigger fibrosis and sustain vascular damage. Aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between serum level of TSLP and DUs.
METHODS: 75 consecutive SSc patients were enrolled and serum TSLP levels were measured. The presence of history of DUs (HDU) was evaluated. Recurrent new DUs were defined as the presence of at least 3 episodes of DUs in a 12-months follow up period. The risk of developing new DUs was calculated by applying the capillaroscopic skin ulcer risk index (CSURI).
RESULTS: The median value of TSLP was higher in patients with HDU than patients without HDU [181.67 pg/ml (IQR 144.67; 265.66) vs 154.67 pg/ml (IQR 110.67; 171.33), p < 0.01]. The median value of TSLP was higher in patients with an increased CSURI index than patients without an increased CSURI [188 pg/ml (IQR 171.33; 246.33) vs 159.33 pg/ml (IQR 128.67; 218), p < 0.01]. Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated that free survival from new DUs was significantly (p < 0.01) lower in SSc patients with increased TSLP serum levels.
CONCLUSION: TSLP might have a key role in digital microvascular damage of SSc patients.