anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) has garnered considerable attention, yet limited research has delved into nuanced distinctions among varying degrees of CRCI in colorectal cancer survivors. This study aimed to identify distinct subgroups based on the patterns of CRCI, assess the heterogeneity among different subgroups, and investigate the potential correlations between the subgroups of CRCI and inflammation-related biomarkers.
METHODS: 268 colorectal cancer patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study, followed by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognitive Function. The determination of CRCI subgroups was accomplished by the latent profile analysis (LPA). The effects of inflammation-related biomarkers on CRCI were examined using the binary logistic regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves assessed the diagnostic efficacy of inflammation-related biomarkers.
RESULTS: Two latent profiles were identified: CRCI (n = 64, 23.88%) and non-CRCI (n = 204, 76.12%). Independent factors for CRCI in colorectal cancer patients were SIRI (OR = 3.248, 95%CI [1.197-8.807], P = 0.021) and ALI (OR = 0.962, 95%CI [0.937-0.989], P = 0.005). The areas under the curve (AUCs) for SIRI and ALI in predicting CRCI were 0.781 and 0.774, with the optimal cut-off values being 0.70 and 37.04, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Colorectal cancer patients exhibited divergent cognitive performance profiles, categorized into two subgroups based on LPA. SIRI and ALI were identified as independent factors for CRCI, demonstrating strong diagnostic accuracy. These two inflammation-related biomarkers may potentially be novel indicators to identify and manage the development of CRCI among colorectal cancer patients.
Placebo Powder for Oral Suspension, to be reconstituted with Diluent (15 mL of sugar-free flavored pharmaceutical syrup) to provide an oral suspension for immediate consumption. Specified dose is 72 mg (2 bottles) taken fasting, before breakfast each day.
Oxycodone is present in breast milk. Published lactation studies report variable concentrations of oxycodone in breast milk with administration of immediate-release oxycodone to nursing mothers in the early postpartum period. The lactation studies did not assess breastfed infants for potential adverse reactions. Lactation studies have not been conducted with extended–release oxycodone, including OXYCONTIN, and no information is available on the effects of the drug on the breastfed infant or the effects of the drug on milk production. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions, including excess sedation and respiratory depression in a breastfed infant, advise patients that breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment with OXYCONTIN.

Clinical Considerations

Monitor infants exposed to OXYCONTIN through breast milk for excess sedation and respiratory depression. Withdrawal symptoms can occur in breast-fed infants when maternal administration of an opioid analgesic is stopped, or when breast-feeding is stopped.
The protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica causes amoebiasis, a global public health problem. Amoebiasis is solely transmitted by cysts that are produced from proliferative trophozoites by encystation in the large intestine of humans. During encystation, various metabolites, pathways, and cascades sequentially orchestrate the morphological and physiological changes required to produce cysts. Cholesteryl sulfate (CS) has recently been revealed to be among the key molecules that control the morphological and physiological changes of encystation by exerting pleiotropic effects. CS promotes the rounding of encysting Entamoeba cells and maintains this spherical morphology as encysting cells are surrounded by the cyst wall, a prerequisite for resistance against environmental stresses. CS is also involved in the development of membrane impermeability, another prerequisite for resistance. The initiation of cyst wall formation is, however, CS-independent. Here, we overview CS-dependent and -independent processes during encystation and discuss their functional linkage. We also discuss a potential transcriptional cascade that controls the processes necessary to produce dormant Entamoeba cysts.
Typically, when an adult suffers from OA of the knee, they are presented with two choices: conservative treatments consisting of NSAID therapy and physical therapy or surgical intervention to replace the affected knee joint. There is a third avenue of treatment that has become available in recent years. This treatment modality is viscosupplementation. Viscosupplementation consists of replacing hyaluronic acid in the synovial fluid contained in the knee joint. It has been observed that the synovial fluid of OA sufferers has less hyaluronic acid (HA), and the HA that remains is of lower molecular size and concentration Replacement of the HA contained in the synovial fluid through the use of Hylan G-F 20 has been shown in clinical studies to be clinically safe, and have the ability to provide pain relief with a minimum of adverse reactions. Clinical studies concerning the use of Hylan G-F 20 have focused on safety and efficacy in regards to pain relief in those who suffer OA. To date, there have been few studies performed looking at the efficacy of Hylan G-F 20 on the kinematics and kinetics of gait. This study will provide data on the ability of Hylan G-F 20 treatment to improve the temporal-spatial parameters of gait in those who suffer OA, as well as the ability of Hylan G-F 20 to reduce joint reaction forces in the affected knee.
African American adolescent females in youth detention centers are at high risk for HIV infection. There are, however, no evidence-based interventions (EBI) for this vulnerable population. The aim of this project is to develop and test a culturally and gender-appropriate sexual health education program designed to promote HIV preventive sexual behaviors among African American adolescent females in youth detention centers. The study will be conducted in four stages: (1) adaptation of SiHLE intervention; (2) pilot adapted intervention; (3) revisions to adapted intervention, measures, and implementation; and (4) implementation and evaluation.

We will work closely with the Metro Regional Youth Detention Center (RYDC), in Atlanta, Georgia for all four stages of the project. The first stage, adaptation of SiHLE intervention, will be implemented using data collected from a prior study and with use of Community and Teen Advisory Boards (CAB and TAB). The pilot intervention will be completed with 20 participants from Metro RYDC and will test recruitment and retention strategies, the adapted intervention, and all measures. Revisions will be made based on findings from the pilot. For stage four, implementation and evaluation, we propose to recruit 350 unmarried African American adolescent females, 13-17 years of age, from Metro RYDC. While at the Metro RYDC, adolescents will be invited to participate in the proposed study. All adolescents will be required to have verbal informed parental/guardian consent and complete signed assent forms. Adolescents who are eligible and willing to participate in the project will complete an initial survey conducted on a computer(ACASI). The survey is designed to assess adolescents' sexual risk and preventive behaviors. After they complete the survey, adolescents will then be assigned, by chance alone, to receive either the adapted SiHLE intervention or the control condition. All adolescents will complete 3 individual sessions implemented by an African American health educator.

As we anticipate the participants will be released prior to the follow-up assessment, adolescents will come to a central community site to complete follow-up interviews at 3 and 6-months after completing their initial survey. We will also obtain a self-collected vaginal swab specimen to test for chlamydia and gonorrhea. We will compare the new adapted SiHLE intervention, IMARA, to the control condition in its ability to maintain or enhance adolescents' use of HIV prevention behaviors. If successful, the findings could have important implications for HIV prevention in this vulnerable population.
Two adequate and well-controlled, double-masked, placebo-controlled, randomized studies were conducted in patients with classic-containing subfoveal CNV secondary to AMD. A total of 609 patients (VISUDYNE 402, placebo 207) were enrolled in these two studies. During these studies, retreatment was allowed every 3 months if fluorescein angiograms showed any recurrence or persistence of leakage. The placebo control (sham treatment) consisted of intravenous administration of Dextrose 5% in Water, followed by light application identical to that used for VISUDYNE therapy.

The difference between treatment groups statistically favored VISUDYNE at the 1-year and 2-year analyses for visual acuity endpoints.

The subgroup of patients with predominately classic CNV lesions was more likely to exhibit a treatment benefit (N=242; VISUDYNE 159, placebo 83).

Predominantly classic CNV lesions were defined as those in which the classic component comprised 50% or more of the area of the entire lesion. For the primary efficacy endpoint (percentage of patients who lost less than 3 lines of visual acuity), these patients showed a difference of approximately 28% between treatment groups at both Months 12 and 24 (67% for VISUDYNE patients compared to 40% for placebo patients, at Month 12; and 59% for VISUDYNE patients compared to 31% for placebo patients, at Month 24). Severe vision loss (≥6 lines of visual acuity from baseline) was experienced by 12% of VISUDYNE-treated patients compared to 34% of placebo-treated patients at Month 12, and by 15% of VISUDYNE-treated patients compared to 36% of placebo-treated patients at Month 24.

Patients with predominantly classic CNV lesions that did not contain occult CNV exhibited the greatest benefit (N=134; VISUDYNE 90, placebo 44). At 1 year, these patients demonstrated a 49% difference between treatment groups when assessed by the <3 lines-lost definition (77% vs. 27%).

Older patients (≥75 years), patients with dark irides, patients with occult lesions or patients with less than 50% classic CNV were less likely to benefit from VISUDYNE therapy.

The safety and efficacy of VISUDYNE beyond 2 years have not been demonstrated.

Based on the Treatment of Age Related Macular Degeneration with Photodynamic Therapy Study (TAP) extension study, the average number of treatments per year was 3.5 in the first year after diagnosis, 2.4 in the second, 1.3 in the third, 0.4 in the fourth and 0.1 in the fifth year.
Anorexia nervosa (AN) demonstrate high chronicity rates and high mortality rates. The prevalence of AN is relatively high with no effective treatment available and often long treatment durations and high dropout rates. Emotional dysregulation (EDR), neuroticism and maladaptive overcontrol (MO) are essential in the psychopathology of AN and directly involved in the high mortality and chronicity of the disorder. Radically Open Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (RO-DBT) addresses MO and has been found effective in pilot studies in AN. Given this, and the urgent need for effective treatments for AN, this project aims to study the effect of RO-DBT in reducing ED symptoms, MO, neuroticism, and EDR in patients with AN. This will be done using an extended baseline experimental case series study design over 30 weeks with 31 patients older than 16 years of age with typical or atypical AN. All outcomes will be assessed using validated psychometric instruments, and RO-DBT will be performed by trained psychotherapists.
The efficacy of FENTORA was demonstrated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study in opioid-tolerant patients with cancer and breakthrough pain. Patients considered opioid tolerant were those who were taking at least 60 mg of oral morphine daily, at least 25 mcg/hour of transdermal fentanyl, at least 30 mg of oral oxycodone daily, at least 8 mg of oral hydromorphone daily or an equianalgesic dose of another opioid daily for a week or longer.

In this trial, patients were titrated in an open-label manner to a successful dose of FENTORA. A successful dose was defined as the dose in which a patient obtained adequate analgesia with tolerable side effects. Patients who identified a successful dose were randomized to a sequence of 10 treatments with 7 being the successful dose of FENTORA and 3 being placebo. Patients used one tablet of study drug (either FENTORA or placebo) per breakthrough pain episode.

Patients assessed pain intensity on a scale that rated the pain as 0=none to 10=worst possible pain. With each episode of breakthrough pain, pain intensity was assessed first and then treatment was administered. Pain intensity (0-10) was then measured at 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after the start of administration. The sum of differences in pain intensity scores at 15 and 30 minutes from baseline (SPID30) was the primary efficacy measure.

Sixty-five percent (65%) of patients who entered the study achieved a successful dose during the titration phase. The distribution of successful doses is shown in Table 8. The median dose was 400 mcg.

The LS mean (SE) SPID30 for FENTORA-treated episodes was 3.0 (0.12) while for placebo-treated episodes it was 1.8 (0.18).

Figure 3. Mean Pain Intensity Differences (PID) at Each Time Point During the Double-Blind Treatment Period

PID=pain intensity difference; SEM=standard error of the mean
Beyaz is also indicated for the treatment of symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) in females of reproductive potential who choose to use an oral contraceptive as their method of contraception. The effectiveness of Beyaz for PMDD when used for more than three menstrual cycles has not been evaluated. 

The essential features of PMDD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-4th edition (DSM-IV) include markedly depressed mood, anxiety or tension, affective lability, and persistent anger or irritability. Other features include decreased interest in usual activities, difficulty concentrating, lack of energy, change in appetite or sleep, and feeling out of control. Physical symptoms associated with PMDD include breast tenderness, headache, joint and muscle pain, bloating and weight gain. In this disorder, these symptoms occur regularly during the luteal phase and remit within a few days following onset of menses; the disturbance markedly interferes with work or school, or with usual social activities and relationships with others. Diagnosis is made by healthcare providers according to DSM-IV criteria, with symptomatology assessed prospectively over at least two menstrual cycles. In making the diagnosis, care should be taken to rule out other cyclical mood disorders. 

Beyaz has not been evaluated for the treatment of premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
The global stimulation games active attention control intervention is composed of computerized games. These games are fully developed and are rated E (for everyone) by the Entertainment Software Rating Board. The program will present 8 non-speeded exercises that include spin-offs of such games as breaking hex, lineup four, battleship, gems swap, double klondike, solitaire, reversi, word search, and sudoku.
The intervention arm will include 20 clinics randomly assigned to the intervention arm. All physicians, nurses, department administrator and other staff members from the pediatric departments randomized to this arm will be included in the study, as well as parents of HPV vaccine eligible children (9-12 years old) who had one or more visits with their pediatric provider during the data collection period.
Clinically significant hyponatremia (sodium <125 mmol/L) can develop during Trileptal use. In the 14 controlled epilepsy studies 2.5% of Trileptal-treated patients (38/1,524) had a sodium of less than 125 mmol/L at some point during treatment, compared to no such patients assigned placebo or active control (carbamazepine and phenobarbital for adjunctive and monotherapy substitution studies, and phenytoin and valproate for the monotherapy initiation studies). Clinically significant hyponatremia generally occurred during the first three months of treatment with Trileptal, although there were patients who first developed a serum sodium <125 mmol/L more than one year after initiation of therapy. Most patients who developed hyponatremia were asymptomatic but patients in the clinical trials were frequently monitored and some had their Trileptal dose reduced, discontinued, or had their fluid intake restricted for hyponatremia. Whether or not these maneuvers prevented the occurrence of more severe events is unknown. Cases of symptomatic hyponatremia have been reported during post-marketing use. In clinical trials, patients whose treatment with Trileptal was discontinued due to hyponatremia generally experienced normalization of serum sodium within a few days without additional treatment.

Measurement of serum sodium levels should be considered for patients during maintenance treatment with Trileptal, particularly if the patient is receiving other medications known to decrease serum sodium levels (for example, drugs associated with inappropriate ADH secretion) or if symptoms possibly indicating hyponatremia develop (e.g., nausea, malaise, headache, lethargy, confusion, obtundation, or increase in seizure frequency or severity).
The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising, especially in elderly individuals. The overlap between CKD and aging is associated with body composition modification, metabolic abnormalities, and malnutrition. Renal care guidelines suggest treating CKD patient with a low-protein diet according to the renal disease stage. On the other hand, geriatric care guidelines underline the need for a higher protein intake to prevent malnutrition. The challenge remains of how to reconcile a low dietary protein intake with insuring a favorable nutritional status in geriatric CKD populations. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of a low-protein adequate energy intake (LPAE) diet on nutritional risk and nutritional status among elderly CKD (stage 3-5) patients and then to assess its impact on CKD metabolic abnormalities. To this purpose, 42 subjects [age ≥ 65, CKD stage 3-5 in conservative therapy, and Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) ≥ 98] were recruited and the LPAE diet was prescribed. At baseline and after 6 months of the LPAE diet, the following data were collected: age, sex, biochemical parameters, anthropometric measurements, body composition, and the GNRI. According to their dietary compliance, the subjects were divided into groups: compliant and non-compliant. For the compliant group, the results obtained show no increased malnutrition risk incidence but, rather, an improvement in body composition and metabolic parameters, suggesting that the LPAE diet can provide a safe tool in geriatric CKD patients.
Omadacycline will be administered 300 mg orally daily without the loading dose. We chose to omit the loading dose given that many of the enrolled subjects would have received an IV therapy prior to omadacycline initiation and notable gastrointestinal intolerabilities (nausea/vomiting) based on Phase-3 trial data. Subjects receiving omadacycline will be counseled on appropriate timing of administration (fast for 4 hours before dosing and no food for 2 hours after dosing) in light of the known food effects on drug absorption. They will be instructed to avoid use of products containing aluminum, calcium, or magnesium, bismuth subsalicylate, and iron containing preparations such as dairy, antacids, and multivitamins for 4 hours post-dosing.
Finasteride produces a rapid reduction in serum DHT concentration, reaching 65% suppression within 24 hours of oral dosing with a 1-mg tablet. Mean cir culating levels of testosterone and estradiol were increased by approximately 15% as compared to bas eline, but these remained within the physiologic range.

  


Finasteride has no affinity for the androgen receptor and has no androgenic, antiandrogenic, estrogenic, antiestrogenic, or progestational effects. In studies with finasteride, no clinically meaningful changes in luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) or prolactin were detected. In healthy volunteers, treatment with finasteride did not alt er the response of LH and FSH to gonadotropin-releasing hormone indicating that the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis was not affected. Finasteride had no effect on circulating levels of cortisol, thyroid-sti mulating hormone, or thyroxine, nor did it affect the plasma lipid profile (e.g., total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, h igh-density lipoproteins and triglycerides) or bone mineral density.
In one embodiment, a B cell specific aptamer-siRNA chimera is provided. The B cell specific aptamer-siRNA chimera may include an RNA aptamer that binds BAFF-R and an siRNA molecule conjugated to the RNA aptamer via a nucleotide linker. In another embodiment, a B cell specific RNA aptamer is provided. The RNA aptamer may be a molecule that binds to BAFF-R that has the sequence SEQ ID NO:37, SEQ ID NO:38 or SEQ ID NO:39. In some embodiments, the RNA aptamer is conjugated, via a nucleotide linker, to an siRNA molecule that suppresses expression of one or more target oncogenes in one or more B cells. In one aspect, the one or more target oncogenes are selected from Bcl6, Bcl2, STAT3, Cyclin D1, Cyclin E2 and c-myc. In another embodiment, methods for treating a B cell malignancy in a cancer patient are provided. Such methods may include administering a therapeutically effective amount of a therapeutic composition, the therapeutic composition comprising a B cell specific RNA aptamer that binds BAFF-R.
PURPOSE: A method for manufacturing a sustained-release tablet, which is able to simply manufacture the sustained-release tablet with reproducibility is provided to stably control release patterns using a general apparatus for manufacturing a tablet. CONSTITUTION: A sustained-release tablet comprises a tablet, a primary sustained release coating layer, and a secondary sustained release coating layer. The tablet contains a drug as an active ingredient. The primary sustained release coating layer is made of a sustained release polymer materials formed on the tablet. The secondary sustained release coating layer is made of a mixture of the sustained release polymer material and a drug as an active ingredient. A method for manufacturing the sustained release tablet comprises: a step of mixing the drug and a primer binder; a step of sieving the mixture without mass, binding with a binding solution, drying, and tableting; a step of mixing with a secondary binder; a step of adding a lubricant and tableting to prepare a tablet; a step of uniformly dissolving the surface of the tablet with a dissolution agent and coating to form the primary sustained release coating layer; and a step of uniformly dissolving the coated tablet, adding the drug, and coating. [Reference numerals] (AA) Methylphenidate HCl elution rate(%); (BB) Elution rate(%)
Arm 3 will be a sweepstake incentive arm where participants receive an electronic pill container and daily reminders to take their medication. In addition, this group is enrolled in a sweepstakes, in which monetary prizes may be awarded if participants take their medication prior to receiving a reminder.