anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
CMV-specific T cells, NK cells, and neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) were assessed in a randomized trial of CMV prevention with preemptive antiviral therapy (PET) versus prophylactic antiviral therapy (PRO) in donor-seropositive/recipient-seronegative (D+R-) liver transplant recipients (LTxR) at 100 days (end of intervention) and at 6 and 12 months after transplant. The PET group had significantly increased numbers of circulating polyfunctional T cells, NK cells, and nAbs compared with the PRO group at day 100, and several CMV immune parameters remained significantly higher by 12 months after transplant. Among PET recipients, preceding CMV viremia (vs. no preceding viremia) was associated with significantly higher levels of most CMV immune parameters at day 100. Higher numbers of CMV-specific polyfunctional T cells and NKG2C+ NK cells at day 100 were associated with a decreased incidence of CMV disease in multivariable Cox regression. The strongest associations with protection against CMV disease were with increased numbers of CMV-specific polyfunctional CD4+ T cells, CD3negCD56dimCD57negNKG2Cpos cells, and CD3negCD56dimCD57posNKG2Cpos NK cells. Our results suggest that PET is superior to PRO for CMV disease prevention by allowing low-level CMV replication and associated antigen exposure that is promptly controlled by antiviral therapy and facilitates enhanced CMV protective immunity in D+R- LTxR.
Veteran patients can be referred to receive a Neuromodulation Clinic consult at the Providence VA Medical Center (PVAMC). Following this consultation, patients who are to begin rTMS therapy for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) will be recruited to participate in this study. About 1 week prior to the scheduled beginning of rTMS therapy, research participants who provide informed consent will complete baseline neuropsychological measures. Within a few days of completing these measures, and before beginning rTMS therapy, participants will receive an MRI scan, including structural and functional imaging. Participants will have a similar set of MRI scans up to three times during the course of rTMS therapy, and complete neuropsychological measures at these scanning sessions. A final MRI scan will be conducted within a week of completing the rTMS therapy course, and neuropsychological measures will be completed at this session.
The invention relates to an external toad tincture. The tincture is prepared by soaking live toads in alcohol. In the embodiment of the invention, live toads are soaked in the alcohol, so that multiple chemical components in the toad ear-side gland and skin gland are leached and dissolved out, thereby preparing the toad tincture. The toad tincture is simple in preparation method, easy to store and convenient to use. The toad tincture is used for treating multiple injuries, inflammation and suppurative diseases in surgery, dermatology, otology and the like and has favorable effects. The toad tincture is a representative pharmaceutical external treatment detoxification process based on combating poison with poison in Zhuang medicine, and is capable of stimulating the vital qi of the human body and directly eliminating and discharging toxins, thereby curing the diseases. The toad tincture conforms to the treatment principles of regulating qi, eliminating toxins and tonifying deficiency in Zhuang medicine. The toad tincture also conforms to the clinical prescription method that toads are capable of eliminating toxins, resolving mass, removing stagnation of qi, promoting diuresis, destroying parasites and curing malnutrition in traditional Chinese medicine. From the view of medicine, the toad tincture mainly performs the pharmacological functions of killing bacteria, relieving pain by anesthesia and improving the microcirculation, and is a novel therapy of tinctures in Zhuang medicine.
Training at home with the cycloergometer per 20 minutes twice a day. The protocol suggested a continous use of the cycloergometer for a period of 6 months after 2 weeks of rehabilitation as outpatient.
AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the bidirectional relationship between kidney and cardiovascular (CV) events in trial participants with type 2 diabetes and CV disease.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Post hoc analyses of EMPA-REG OUTCOME using Cox regression models were performed to assess the association of baseline factors with risk of a kidney event and bidirectional associations of incident kidney events and CV events. Among placebo-treated participants, baseline factors significantly associated with greater kidney event risk included lower baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria, higher uric acid, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and prior heart failure (HF). Coronary artery disease was not associated with increased risk. In placebo-treated participants, occurrence of an incident non-fatal kidney event increased the subsequent risk of hospitalization for HF (HHF) but not 3-point major adverse CV events (non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and CV death). Vice versa, HHF (but not myocardial infarction/stroke) increased the risk of subsequent kidney events. These associations were generally also seen in empagliflozin-treated participants and in the overall population. Interestingly, the risk of kidney events following HHF was not significantly increased in the relatively small number of placebo-treated participants already diagnosed with HF at baseline.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate a bidirectional inter-relationship between HHF and kidney events. Further exploration of this relationship and strategies to optimize the use of therapies to reduce both kidney and HF outcomes is warranted.
BACKGROUND: Over the past three decades, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence and incidence of overweight and obesity worldwide. The obesogen hypothesis suggests that certain external agents may affect pathways related to fat accumulation and energy balance by stimulating fat cell differentiation and proliferation. Previous research has indicated that exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and some of its analogues may influence fat accumulation by promoting the transformation of preadipocytes into adipocytes. This study aimed to assess the possible contribution of dietary bisphenol exposure to the odds of developing overweight and obesity in a sample of Spanish children according to sex.
METHODS: Dietary and anthropometric data were collected from 179 controls and 124 cases schoolchildren aged 3-12 years. Dietary exposure to BPA and bisphenol S (BPS) was assessed using a food consumption frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to assess the influence of dietary exposure to bisphenols on overweight and obesity stratified by sex.
RESULTS: For females, cases had significantly higher exposure to BPA from meat and eggs compared to controls (median = 319.55, interquartile range (IQR) = 176.39-381.01 vs 231.79 (IQR) = 162.11-350.19, p-value = 0.046). Diet quality was higher for controls (6.21 (2.14) vs 4.80 (2.24) p < 0.001) among males independently of a high or low exposure to bisphenols. However, higher diet quality was observed for female controls with an high exposure of total bisphenols (6.79 (2.04) vs 5.33 (2.02) p = 0.031). Females exposed to high levels of BPA from meat and eggs had higher likelihood of being overweight and obese (adjusted Odds Ratio = 2.70, 95% confidence interval = 1.00 - 7.32). However, no consistent associations were found in males.
CONCLUSIONS: High BPA levels from meat and eggs were positively associated with overweight and obesity in females. The dietary intake of BPA in the schoolchildren in the present study was much higher than the acceptable daily intake established by EFSA for the last year.
The invention relates to a quetiapine fumarate film-controlled slow-release pellet capsule. A slow-release film of the quetiapine fumarate film-controlled slow-release pellet utilizes Eurdragit RL 30D as a film-formation material. A pellet core of the quetiapine fumarate film-controlled slow-release pellet contains low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose having high expansibility, and also contains a pharmaceutically-acceptable common excipient for the slow-release pellet, wherein preferably, the excipient comprises microcrystalline cellulose, and the pellet core comprises 10 to 40wt% of the low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose. The slow-release film comprises Eurdragit RL 30D, triethyl citrate as a plasticizer and talcum powder as an antiplastering aid, wherein preferably, a ratio of Eurdragit RS 30D to triethyl citrate to talcum powder is 30: 3: 4 and a film weight increasing ratio is in a range of 19 to 35%. The quetiapine fumarate film-controlled slow-release pellet comprises the pellet core containing low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose having high water expansibility and thus after absorbing water, the quetiapine fumarate film-controlled slow-release pellet expands so that the slow-release film is stretched; the thickness of the slow-release film is reduced; the water-permeable micropore size is increased; and permeability is improved and the permeability reduction caused by film aging is counteracted. Therefore, in middle and later stages, the quetiapine fumarate film-controlled slow-release pellet release rate is basically constant; in the last stage, residues are less; and stable release performances can be kept in the period of validity.
To provide a polypeptide comprising an antigen binding domain and a carrying moiety having an inhibiting domain that inhibits the antigen binding activity of the antigen binding domain, methods for producing and screening for the polypeptide, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the polypeptide.SOLUTION: The present invention discloses a polypeptide comprising an antigen binding domain, a carrying moiety, and a cleavage site. The carrying moiety has an inhibiting domain that inhibits the antigen binding activity of the antigen binding domain. The antigen binding domain has a shorter half-life in blood than that of the carrying moiety. The antigen binding domain comprises a single-domain antibody or is a single-domain antibody. The inhibiting domain of the carrying moiety is VHH, antibody VH, or antibody VL. The antigen binding activity of the single-domain antibody is inhibited by the VHH, or the antibody VH, or the antibody VL.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5
The present invention describes novel treatments for movement disorders, including tardive dyskinesia and tardive dystonia, tic disorders, Tourette's syndrome, and blepharospasm, and other focal dystonias. The treatments of the present invention utilize agents that simultaneously act as NMDA-type glutamate receptor antagonists. Additionally, the treatments of the present invention utilize agents that simultaneously act as NMDA-type glutamate receptor antagonists and GABA-A receptor agonists. Preferably these two activities are characteristic of a single agent, for example acamprosate. Alternatively, separate agents having these activities can be combined and administered together. The invention also provides a third agent that can be used in combination with a treatment for movement disorders, that acts as a non-competitive NMDA-receptor blocking agent or ion channel blocker that augments the effect of the primary treatment. A particularly preferred ion channel blocking agent is magnesium. Alternatively, magnesium can be administered alone for prevention and treatment of movement disorders.
Background: Patients with testicular germ cell cancer (GCC) have a high cure rate, however impaired muscle function and fatigue are the most common complications among patients with GCC undergoing treatment with chemotherapy. Although exercise is widely recommended, information about physiopathological effects of cancer therapy in skeletal muscle is very limited. Our aim is to evaluate the effects of an individualized exercise program with aerobic training in water running on cancer-related fatigue.

Methods/Design: The present study is a randomized controlled trial comparing an individualized program of muscular strength and endurance with aerobic training compared to a control group. The investigators will conduct this trial in patients undergoing chemotherapy, recruited by the Departament of Oncology of Virgen de la Victoria Hospital (Málaga). Patients will be included and evaluated before the first cycle of chemotherapy and assigned experimental or control group randomly. All variables will be measured at the beginning and at the end of a 8-week intervention by the same evaluator, who will hide the disposition of participants to each group. Besides, it will be monitoring during de following 6 months (24 weeks) after training for all outcome variables.
PURPOSE: To provide a method for preparating a halogenated aromatic contrast medium and a radioactive halogenated aromatic diagnostic agent easily with use of a simple tool. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutically acceptable blending solution contained in at least one supplying syringe is added to a diagnostic agent which is iodinated radioactively. The radioactive diagnostic agent containing material is accommodated in a small vial equipped with a penetrable stopper 3 and closed by sealing. Addition is carried out by piercing the stopper 3 of the small vial by using a needle of the supplying syringe 4. Then, the blended solution in the supplying syringe 4 is connected with an atmosphere via the needle, thus, the solution can be approached to the solution in the small vial. The composition in the small vial thus obtained is transferred to the injection syringe 5 by piercing the stopper 3 of the small vial with a needle of an injection syringe 5 and sucking the composition into the injection syringe 5.
Risk Summary

TARGRETIN, a retinoid, can cause fetal harm based on findings from animal studies when administered to a pregnant female and is contraindicated during pregnancy. Bexarotene was teratogenic and caused developmental mortality in rats following oral administration during organogenesis [see Data]. TARGRETIN must not be given to a pregnant female or a female who intends to become pregnant. If pregnancy does occur during treatment with TARGRETIN, immediately discontinue the drug and advise the pregnant female of the potential risk to a fetus.

The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated populations is unknown. However, the background risk in the U.S. general population of major birth defects is 2-4% and of miscarriage is 15-20% of clinically recognized pregnancies.

Data

Animal Data

Bexarotene caused malformations when administered orally to pregnant rats during days 7-17 of gestation. Developmental abnormalities included incomplete ossification at 4 mg/kg/day and cleft palate, depressed eye bulge/microphthalmia, and small ears at 16 mg/kg/day. The plasma AUC of bexarotene in rats at 4 mg/kg/day is approximately one third the AUC in humans at the recommended daily dose. At doses greater than 10 mg/kg/day, bexarotene caused developmental mortality. The no effect dose for fetal effects in rats was 1 mg/kg/day (producing an AUC approximately one sixth of the AUC at the recommended human daily dose).
Healthy participants receive single oral dose of MK-3614 0.25 mg, 1.25 mg, 0.25 mg w/ food, 0.75 mg or matching placebo. There is at least a 7-day washout between the 4 dosing periods. All doses were administered after an 8-hour fast except for Period 3. Period 3 dose was administered after the ingestion of a high-fat breakfast.
BACKGROUND: Pain, an evolutionarily conserved warning system, lets us recognize threats and motivates us to adapt to those threats. Headache pain from migraine affects approximately 15% of the global population. However, the identity of any putative threat that migraine or headache warns us to avoid is unknown because migraine pathogenesis is poorly understood. Here, we show that a stress-induced increase in pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-38 (PACAP38), known as an initiator of allosteric load inducing unbalanced homeostasis, causes headache-like behaviour in male mice via mas-related G protein-coupled receptor B2 (MrgprB2) in mast cells.
METHODS: The repetitive stress model and dural injection of PACAP38 were performed to induce headache behaviours. We assessed headache behaviours using the facial von Frey test and the grimace scale in wild-type and MrgprB2-deficient mice. We further examined the activities of trigeminal ganglion neurons using in vivo Pirt-GCaMP Ca2+ imaging of intact trigeminal ganglion (TG).
RESULTS: Repetitive stress and dural injection of PACAP38 induced MrgprB2-dependent headache behaviours. Blood levels of PACAP38 were increased after repetitive stress. PACAP38/MrgprB2-induced mast cell degranulation sensitizes the trigeminovascular system in dura mater. Moreover, using in vivo intact TG Pirt-GCaMP Ca2+ imaging, we show that stress or/and elevation of PACAP38 sensitized the TG neurons via MrgprB2. MrgprB2-deficient mice showed no sensitization of TG neurons or mast cell activation. We found that repetitive stress and dural injection of PACAP38 induced headache behaviour through TNF-a and TRPV1 pathways.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight the PACAP38-MrgprB2 pathway as a new target for the treatment of stress-related migraine headache. Furthermore, our results pertaining to stress interoception via the MrgprB2/PACAP38 axis suggests that migraine headache warns us of stress-induced homeostatic imbalance.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study described here was to explore the influence of splenic pathology and hemodynamic parameters on spleen stiffness in portal hypertension (PH).
METHODS: A Sprague‒Dawley rat model of PH (n = 34) induced by CCl4 was established, and 9 normal rats were used as controls. All animals underwent a routine ultrasound examination, spleen stiffness measurement (SSM), liver stiffness measurement (LSM), portal vein pressure (PVP) measurement and histopathologic assessment. The diagnostic performance of SSM and LSM in PH was evaluated. SSMs were compared among the groups at different pathologic and hemodynamic levels. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors affecting SSM.
RESULTS: SSM had excellent diagnostic efficacy for PH (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.900) and was superior to LSM (AUC = 0.794). In a rat model of PH, pathologic changes such as splenic sinus widening, thickening of the splenic capsule and an increase in collagen fibers were observed in the spleen. There were significant differences in SSM at different splenic capsule thicknesses and splenic sinus widths (all p values <0.05), but there were no significant differences in the SSM at different levels of the splenic collagen fiber area and red pulp area (all p values >0.05). In addition, there were significant differences in SSM at different levels of portal vein diameter, blood flow and congestion index (all p values <0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that PVP, portal vein congestion index and splenic capsule thickness were significantly associated with SSM.
CONCLUSION: SSM is a good non-invasive way to assess PH. PVP, splenic capsule thickness and portal vein congestion index are responsible for spleen stiffness but not the proliferation of splenic fibrous tissue.
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury paradoxically occurs during reperfusion following ischemia, exacerbating the initial tissue damage. The limited understanding of the intricate mechanisms underlying I/R injury hinders the development of effective therapeutic interventions. The Wnt signaling pathway exhibits extensive crosstalk with various other pathways, forming a network system of signaling pathways involved in I/R injury. This review article elucidates the underlying mechanisms involved in Wnt signaling, as well as the complex interplay between Wnt and other pathways, including Notch, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B, transforming growth factor-β, nuclear factor kappa, bone morphogenetic protein, N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor-Ca2+-Activin A, Hippo-Yes-associated protein, toll-like receptor 4/toll-interleukine-1 receptor domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β, and hepatocyte growth factor/mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor. In particular, we delve into their respective contributions to key pathological processes, including apoptosis, the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, cell hypertrophy, fibrosis, ferroptosis, neurogenesis, and blood-brain barrier damage during I/R injury. Our comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms involved in Wnt signaling during I/R reveals that activation of the canonical Wnt pathway promotes organ recovery, while activation of the non-canonical Wnt pathways exacerbates injury. Moreover, we explore novel therapeutic approaches based on these mechanistic findings, incorporating evidence from animal experiments, current standards, and clinical trials. The objective of this review is to provide deeper insights into the roles of Wnt and its crosstalk signaling pathways in I/R-mediated processes and organ dysfunction, to facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic agents for I/R injury.
INTRODUCTION: There is a medical need for a safe, effective nonopioid postoperative analgesic for older subjects, including those with mild to moderate renal impairment.
METHODS: Participants (≥ 65 years) were stratified by no, mild, or moderate renal impairment defined as creatinine clearance 60-89 mL/min for mild and 30-59 mL/min for moderate. Subjects were randomized to receive a loading dose of 6.25 mg of ketorolac tromethamine drug candidate NTM-001 followed by a 1.75 mg/h continuous intravenous (IV) infusion over 24 h or an IV bolus injection of ketorolac tromethamine (KETO-BOLUS) of 15 mg every 6 h. There were four treatment periods of 24 h for each subject with a minimum 7-day washout between them. This was a crossover study so subjects served as their own controls. Blood drawn from the subjects was used to plot concentration-time profiles against target profiles. Adverse events were monitored.
RESULTS: Thirty-nine subjects enrolled. Concentration-time profiles showed low intersubject variability. Model-predicted curves for those with renal impairment closely matched observed plasma concentrations. Continuous infusion maintained higher mean plasma concentrations than the bolus regimen. No serious or unexpected adverse events were observed. No deaths occurred.
CONCLUSIONS: NTM-001 was considered safe and well tolerated in this population of participants ≥ 65 years, including in those with mild or moderate renal impairment. There were fewer adverse events in the continuous infusion group. The predictable pharmacologic properties and blood concentration levels suggest that continuous IV infusion of ketorolac can be used as an effective postoperative pain reliever in older subjects.
Participants received maxacalcitol at an initial dose of 5 µg (iPTH \< 500 pg/mL at Screening) or 10 µg (iPTH ≥ 500 pg/mL at Screening), and paricalcitol placebo administered 3 times per week at each hemodialysis via intravenous catheter for 12 weeks. After 2 weeks the dose could be adjusted ± 2.5 µg based on protocol-specified criteria up to a maximum of 20 µg.