anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Shoulder replacement surgery is recognized as having the potential to cause a considerable amount of pain that may require opioid consumption for several days post-operatively. The side effects of opioids are numerous, and ropivacaine administered pre-operatively via interscalene nerve block, with a post-operative continuous ropivacaine infusion through an indwelling catheter (CINB) is a highly effective method for controlling pain and reducing opioid consumption and side effects. While CINB provides adequate post-operative analgesia, and may extend post-operative pain relief for up to 48 hours, there are some risks associated with CINB ranging from catheter tip withdrawal to more serious complications including catheter tip beakage, brachial plexus injury, and pulmonary complications. Local infiltration of liposomal bupivacaine (EXPAREL Pacira Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Parsippany, New Jersey) may provide longer-lasting pain relief when compared to single shot INB (SSINB), and reduce opioid consumption at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours post-op. Studies have shown inconsistency in the effectiveness of EXPAREL, and one proposed reason is the method of administration. Clinicians experienced in their infiltration technique demonstrated greater improvement in pain-related outcomes. The first 48 hours post-op present the most likely opportunity for reducing narcotic administration, which increases the value of attempting to reduce opioid consumption during this period. The cost of EXPAREL LIA, is slightly less than the cost of CINB, and if pain control is comparable, may benefit the patient in reducing hospital costs. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of pain control of local infiltration of EXPAREL administration to ropivacaine administered via continuous interscalene nerve block (CINB) for postoperative pain relief following shoulder replacement. Effectiveness will be measured in opioid consumption and NRS pain intensity scores from 0-4h, 4-8h, 9-12h, 13-16h, 17-20, 21-24h, 48 hours and 72 hours post-op. Patient satisfaction with pain control; patient functional outcome; adverse events related to CINB, EXPAREL administration, and opioid consumption; and pain intensity scores from the time of surgery until post-operative day 10 (+/- 5 days) will also be examined.
PCT No. PCT/US95/05504 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 7, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 7, 1997 PCT Filed May 3, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/29666 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 9, 1995The invention relates to a sustained-release pharmaceutical delivery system for the administration of an antioxidant drug to a patient in need of such drug, wherein said delivery system comprises said drug in combination with a polymeric matrix, said matrix comprising a polymer which does not interact with said drug or a mixture of such polymers. The pharmaceutical delivery system of the invention is useful for the treatment of pathological conditions involving pathologically increased formation of active oxygen species.
1 day before and 2 days after cryosurgery with or without DC-CIK treatment，approximately 17-mL ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA)-blood was drawn by vein puncture from patients with lung cancer and healthy volunteers. The blood of the healthy volunteers will be used to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity and as negative control cells. To avoid contamination with skin cells, 2 mL blood will be discarded before the study samples will be taken.Briefly, the mononucleate cells will be separated from the blood over Ficoll- Paque for 20 min with 1800g at 4℃. The interface cells will be removed and washed, and the red blood cells(RBCs) will be removed using a lysis buffer followed by a repeated wash. The mononuclear cells will be counted and aliquot for RT-PCR and multiparameter flow cytometry on the basis of at least 2-3×106 cells for each methodology. The cell pellet will be resuspended in phosphate-buffered saline for multiparameter flow cytometry and in Trizol reagent for RT-PCR. Aim : Identification of CTCs may lead to better diagnosis and prognosis and could help to choose an adequate therapy.
AIMS: Our aim was to estimate the total costs of all hospitalizations for treating periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) by main management strategy within 24 months post-diagnosis using activity-based costing. Additionally, we investigated the influence of individual PJI treatment pathways on hospital costs within the first 24 months.
METHODS: Using admission and procedure data from a prospective observational cohort in Australia and New Zealand, Australian Refined Diagnosis Related Groups were assigned to each admitted patient episode of care for activity-based costing estimates of 273 hip PJI patients and 377 knee PJI patients. Costs were aggregated at 24 months post-diagnosis, and are presented in Australian dollars.
RESULTS: The mean cost per hip and knee PJI patient was $64,585 (SD $53,550). Single-stage revision mean costs were $67,029 (SD $47,116) and $80,063 (SD $42,438) for hip and knee, respectively. Two-stage revision costs were $113,226 (SD $66,724) and $122,425 (SD $60,874) for hip and knee, respectively. Debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention in hips and knees mean costs were $53,537 (SD$ 39,342) and $48,463 (SD $33,179), respectively. Suppressive antibiotic therapy without surgical management mean costs were $20,296 (SD $8,875) for hip patients and $16,481 (SD $6,712) for knee patients. Hip patients had 16 different treatment pathways and knee patients had 18 treatment pathways. Additional treatment, episodes of care, and length of stay contributed to substantially increased costs up to a maximum of $369,948.
CONCLUSION: Treating PJI incurs a substantial cost burden, which is substantially influenced by management strategy. With an annual PJI incidence of 3,900, the cost burden would be in excess of $250 million to the Australian healthcare system. Treatment pathways with additional surgery, more episodes of care, and a longer length of stay substantially increase the associated hospital costs. Prospectively monitoring individual patient treatment pathways beyond initial management is important when quantifying PJI treatment cost. Our study highlights the importance of optimizing initial surgical treatment, and informs treating hospitals of the resources required to provide care for PJI patients.
Genetic overdiagnosis of long QT syndrome (LQTS) becomes a critical concern due to the high clinical significance of DNA diagnosis. Current guidelines for LQTS genetic testing recommend a limited scope and strict referral based on the Schwartz score. Nevertheless, LQTS may be underdiagnosed in patients with borderline phenotypes. We aimed to evaluate the total yield of rare variants in cardiac genes in LQTS patients. The cohort of 82 patients with LQTS referral diagnosis underwent phenotyping, Schwartz score counting, and exome sequencing. We assessed known LQTS genes for diagnostics, as per guidelines, and a broader set of genes for research. Diagnostic testing yield reached 75% in index patients; all causal variants were found in KCNQ1, KCNH2, and SCN5A genes. Research testing of 248 heart-related genes achieved a 50% yield of molecular diagnosis in patients with a low Schwartz score (<3.5). In patients with LQTS-causing variants, each additional rare variant in heart-related genes added 0.94 points to the Schwartz score (p value = 0.04), reflecting the more severe disease in such patients than in those with causal variants but without additional findings. We conclude that the current LQTS genetic diagnosis framework is highly specific but may lack sensitivity for patients with a Schwartz score <3.5. Improving referral criteria for these patients could enhance DNA diagnosis. Also, our results suggest that additional variants in cardiac genes may affect the severity of the disease in the carriers of LQTS-causing variants, which may aid in identifying new modifier genes.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, namely to otolaryngology, and can be applied for treatment of chronic pharyngitis. For this purpose solution, which contains novocaine and lazolvan and mexidol is introduced intranasally. Additionally is perorally vitamin D3 is introduced. ^ EFFECT: invention ensures efficient treatment of said diseases and maintenance of stable clinic effect due to stimulation of local antivirus protection, suppression of non-residential microflora vegetation on mucous tunic of gullet, anti-edematous and anti-inflammatory action, improvement of local microcirclation and stimulation of reparation processes. ^ 5 cl, 4 tbl
Blood flow resistance training will be performed with a standard blood pressure cuff that is placed and inflated by a clinician. The patient will perform 4 exercises with low resistance loads that will produce a muscle burn to enhance promotion of strength. Training will be supervised in the clinic. The cuff is deflated between exercises.
Pain severely affects the physical and mental health of patients. The need to develop nonopioid analgesic drugs to meet medical demands is urgent. In this study, we designed a truncated analogue of αO-conotoxin, named GeX-2, based on disulfide-bond deletion and sequence truncation. GeX-2 retained the potency of its parent peptide at the human α9α10 nAChR and exhibited potent inhibitory activity at CaV2.2 channels via activation of the GABAB receptor (GABABR). Importantly, GeX-2 significantly alleviated pain in the rat model of chronic constriction injury. The dual inhibition of GeX-2 at both α9α10 nAChRs and CaV2.2 channels is speculated to synergistically mediate the potent analgesic effects. Results from site-directed mutagenesis assay and computational modeling suggest that GeX-2 preferentially interacts with the α10(+)α10(-) binding site of α9α10 nAChR and favorably binds to the top region of the GABABR2 subunit. The study offers vital insights into the molecular action mechanism of GeX-2, demonstrating its potential as a novel nonopioid analgesic.
All subjects enrolled in the study will receive two weeks of low dose total skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT) (12 Gy total divided into 6 fractions delivered over two weeks) followed by a weekly maintenance mechlorethamine gel 0.016% regimen for one year. The initiation of the mechlorethamine gel regimen is dependent on their disease stage downgrading to IA and IB following low dose TSEBT.
BACKGROUND: Sepsis is life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common sepsis-associated injury that can increase postoperative mortality but the mechanism is still unclear.
MAIN TEXT: The role of neutrophils in the pathophysiology of sepsis was deeply challenged after the discovery of NETosis, a process resulting in neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release. NETs can support thrombin generation and the concept of immunothrombosis has emerged as a new innate response to infection. Immunothrombosis leads to thrombosis in microvessels and supports immune cells together with specific thrombus-related molecules. ARDS is a common sepsis-associated organ injury. Immunothrombosis participates in thrombosis in pulmonary capillaries. Intervention regarding immunothrombosis in ARDS is a key scientific problem. PAD4 is the key enzyme regulating the NET skeleton protein histone H3 to citrulline histone to form NETs in immune thrombosis. This review summarizes NETosis and immunohaemostasis, ARDS and therapeutic opportunities targeting PAD4 via PAD4 inhibitors and lncRNAs potentially, providing future therapies.
CONCLUSIONS: We identified and summarized the fundamental definition of ARDS and the concept of immune thrombosis and its composition. NETs activation has become particularly relevant in the formation of immune thrombosis. The taskforce highlighted the intervention targets of PAD4, including noncoding RNAs, potentially providing future therapeutic targets to confront the high postoperative mortality of ARDS.
BACKGROUND: Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion was a new technique that leads to improved visualization, improved safety and less trauma than does the traditional procedure. The purpose of this study was to introduce the technique of percutaneous endoscopic posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PE-PLIF) and determine its efficacy.
METHODS: 35 patients with an average age of 52.3±13.7 years were treated with single-segment PE-PLIF. The perioperative parameters and the radiographic parameters were measured. The visual analog scale (VAS) score for low back pain, VAS score for leg pain and Oswestry disability index (ODI) score were used to assess the levels of pain and function.
RESULTS: The mean estimated volume of blood loss was 68.6±32.3 ml, operative time was 179.6±31.0 minutes. PE-PLIF significantly reduced the VAS score for low back pain, VAS score for leg pain and ODI score, and improved the posterior disc height, lumbar lordosis angle and segmental lordosis angle (p < 0.05). The rate of satisfaction was 94.3%. One patient suffered a dural tear. There was one case of contralateral radiculopathy that was relieved after conservative treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: This research suggests that PE-PLIF is a minimally invasive, safe, and effective treatment for degenerative lumbar diseases requiring interbody fusion.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for culturing a human skin stem cell and/or an epidermal progenitor; and to provide a method for obtaining reconstructed skin.  <P>SOLUTION: The library or cultured product of the human undifferentiated skin stem cell and/or epidermal progenitor is obtained by using an effective amount of a compound selected from an LIF, an LIF analogue, an LIF mimetic, a product capable of stimulating the expression of an endogenous LIF, and a mixture thereof. The reconstructed epidermides and/or the reconstructed skin is also obtained therefrom. The kit for producing the library of the reconstructed epidermides and/or reconstructed skin, and the method for preparing the stem cell or reconstructed epidermides intended for the treatment of individuals exhibiting the damaged skin (e.g. the individuals suffering from third degree burns, and the individuals suffering from genetic disease affecting the skin) are also provided.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
The present invention relates to agents and compositions for the modification of the growth of bacterial cells. Thus, the compounds of the present invention are useful for the prevention and/or treatment of a disease in a subject. In particular, the present invention relates to the field of repurposing pharmaceutical compounds for treatment strategies of infectious diseases,gastrointestinal disorders, inflammatory diseases, proliferative diseases, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and immunological diseases. Some of the compounds of the present invention demonstrate high specificity in inhibiting the growth of single bacterial species. Such compounds enable narrow-spectrum antibacterial therapies, constituting a major effort of current and future drug development strategies in order to reduce side effects of antibacterial treatment plans. Particularly interesting compounds of this invention are effective against pathobiological species such as
BACKGROUND: Hyperthyroidism, caused by metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer, is a rare condition that can be difficult to diagnose. Thyrotoxicosis and metastatic disease regarding functional metastasis increase morbidity and mortality in patients with functional metastasis and need to be treated. This study aims to present a case of hyper-functional metastasis of thyroid cancer to analyze its pathological features, diagnostic procedures, and treatment options and to gather and examine recent cases of hyper-functional metastasis of thyroid cancer.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 26-year-old Iranian woman presenting with hyperthyroidism and a solid cystic nodule measuring 14.5 × 15.7 × 19.6 mm in the left thyroid lobe underwent thyroid surgery revealing papillary thyroid carcinoma. Despite lymph node metastasis, she refused further surgery and opted for lymph node radiofrequency ablation and radioactive iodine therapy. Subsequent follow-ups showed no recurrence of lymphadenopathy, normalized thyroid function, and decreasing triglyceride levels, with the patient under surveillance.
CONCLUSION: Radioactive iodine is a first-line treatment option for patients with hyperactive thyroid cancer presenting with metastatic disease. Another therapeutic option is surgery, which is performed to maximize the reduction of thyroid tissue, lymph nodes, and distant metastasis.
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is considered a major environmental health concern and lung carcinogen. However, the exact mechanism by which Cr(VI) causes lung cancer in humans remains unclear. Since several reports have demonstrated a role for inflammation in Cr(VI) toxicity, the present study aimed to apply transcriptomics to examine the global mRNA expression in human lung fibroblasts after acute (24 h) or prolonged (72 and 120 h) exposure to 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 μg/cm2 zinc chromate, with a particular emphasis on inflammatory pathways. The results showed Cr(VI) affected the expression of multiple genes and these effects varied according to Cr(VI) concentration and exposure time. Bioinformatic analysis of RNA-Seq data based on the Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and MetaCore databases revealed multiple inflammatory pathways were affected by Cr(VI) treatment. qRT-PCR data corroborated RNA-Seq findings. This study showed for the first time that Cr(VI) regulates key inflammatory pathways in human lung fibroblasts, providing novel insights into the mechanisms by which Cr(VI) causes lung cancer.
BACKGROUND: Obesity and inactivity among children are at an all-time high and have been steadily increasing in prevalence over the last thirty years. The school environment provides the ideal setting for reaching a large number of children across diverse populations in order to reverse these trends. However, there are many inconsistent results yielded by school-based physical activity interventions due to implementation length, time for activities, and the use of structured physical activities. The LiiNK Project® is a whole-child intervention addressing these gaps by providing children 45-60 min of recess (unstructured, outdoor play) in their schools daily, while the control children are allowed to engage in recess for 30 min daily. The purpose of this study was to compare the physical activity intensity and obesity rates of third- and fourth-grade children participating in the LiiNK intervention, which provides 60 min of recess for third graders and 45 min for fourth graders, to those in a control group allowed 30 min of daily recess.
METHODS: The children were 8-10 years old (M = 9.2; 52% females and 48% males). The intervention children comprised 90 third graders and 100 fourth graders, and the control children comprised 101 third graders and 92 fourth graders. Physical activity levels were monitored using accelerometers to assess sedentary, light, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Obesity rates were evaluated using bio-electrical impedance analysis (BIA), in which body fat percentage is calculated based on normative values using age and sex in the equation.
RESULTS: The third-grade intervention children engaged in 13 more MVPA minutes and took 900 more steps daily than their control counterparts, and also presented a greater proportion of overweight children transitioning to a healthy weight status from the fall to the spring semester. Conversely, the fourth-grade control children increased their activity by 500 steps and 15 more MVPA minutes daily. Despite this, the intervention children overall demonstrated a reduction in body fat percentage, while the control children demonstrated an increase in body fat percentage.
CONCLUSIONS: Ultimately, 60 min of unstructured, outdoor play in schools provides children the best opportunity to engage in MVPA, which may positively impact body fat percentages, offering a potential strategy for combatting childhood obesity in school settings.
This is an open label, single-center Phase I study. All subjects will receive bicalutamide 150mg orally days 1-28. Subjects will receive CP-675,206 IV over one hour on day 29. Doses will range from 6 mg/kg to 15 mg/kg. This cycle will be repeated once at month 3. Once the maximum tolerated dose has been determined, up to 6 additional subjects will be enrolled.
Across six weekly 50-minute sessions and a booster session, advanced gastrointestinal cancer patients and caregivers are directed to resources for practical and health information and contact information for psychosocial services. Sessions include an orientation to the patient's medical center and treatment team, education regarding common quality-of-life concerns experienced by cancer patients and caregivers, and an overview of medical center and community resources for addressing these concerns. The therapist also describes resources for addressing financial concerns and methods of evaluating health information available via the Internet and other modalities. Participants receive handouts summarizing session topics and are asked to review them as homework.
INTRODUCTION: Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP)-targeted therapy has revolutionized migraine treatment since its first approval in 2018. CGRP-targeted therapy includes monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and gepants, which modulate trigeminal nociceptive and inflammatory responses, alleviating pain sensitization involved in migraine pathogenesis. CGRP-targeted therapy is effective not only for migraine but also for other chronic headache disorders that share the CGRP pathway.
AREAS COVERED: The authors review the latest developments and evidence for CGRP-targeted therapy for episodic migraine and chronic migraine. In addition, the authors discuss the emerging evidence on response prediction, menstrual migraine, vestibular migraine, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, post-traumatic headache, and the relationship between selected migraine comorbidities and CGRP.
EXPERT OPINION: Since the launch of CGRP-targeted therapy, many practical issues have been raised. Generally, it's safe to combine CGRP-targeted mAbs and gepants; this is an excellent option for patients with partial response. When considering stopping CGRP-targeted therapy, although a disease-modifying effect is likely, the optimal time for discontinuation remains unknown. Finally, beyond migraine, CGRP-targeted therapy may be used for other chronic pain disorders and psychological comorbidities.