anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: The temporality of household income level with overweight/obesity in children has not been extensively studied. Little research has been conducted to determine the impact of household income on the risk of childhood overweight/obesity over time. This population-based cohort study aimed to investigate the impact of household income on the risk of overweight/obesity over time among preschool-aged children in Taiwan.
METHODS: From 2009 to 2018, we recruited 1,482 preschool-aged children ( ≦ 7 y of age) from low-income households and selected age- and sex-matched controls from non-low-income households for comparison; All participants were selected from those who consistently participated in the Taipei Child Development Screening Program and were monitored for overweight/obesity using body mass index (BMI) until December 31, 2018. Low-income households were defined as those with an average monthly disposable income < 60% of the minimum standard of living expense in Taiwan. The primary outcome was childhood overweight or obesity in study participants, defined as BMI (kg/m2) ≥ 85th percentile or ≥ 95th percentile, respectively. The generalized estimating equations (GEE) model was used to determine the impact of low-income households on the risk of overweight/obesity in study participants.
RESULTS: Over 21,450 person-years of follow-up, 1,782 participants developed overweight /obesity, including 452 (30.5%) and 1,330 (22.4%) children from low- and non-low-income households, respectively. The GEE model showed that the first group had a significantly higher risk of becoming overweight/obese than the other during the follow-up period (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.29-1.60). Moreover, children of foreign mothers had a higher risk of becoming overweight/obese than those of Taiwanese mothers during the follow-up period (aOR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.24-1.8). The subgroup analysis revealed a significant association between low-income households and an increased risk of overweight/obesity in children aged 2-7 years (P =.01). However, this association was not observed in children aged 0-1 years (P >.999).
CONCLUSIONS: During the follow-up period, there was a notable correlation between low-income households and an increased risk of preschool-aged children developing overweight or obesity. Implementing health promotion initiatives aimed at reducing overweight and obesity in this demographic is crucial.
PURPOSE:To obtain an application agent for external use excellent in persistence of drug effects for a long period by containing a percutaneous drug, such as nitroglycerol, in a pressure-sensitive tacky agent, holding the resultant tacky agent in a hardly permeable substrate for application and covering parts other than a part applied to the skin with the substrate. CONSTITUTION:An application agent for external use, obtained by holding a pressure-sensitive tacky agent 1 containing a percutaneous drug and successively releasing the drug in a holding part 3 provided in a substrate 2 hardly permeating the drug for application and then covering parts other than a part where the pressure-sensitive tacky agent is applied to the skin in contact therewith with the substrate 2 and capable of sufficiently holding the tacky agent containing the drug and sustaining the drug effects for a long period. Furthermore, edge parts 5 are preferably provided adjacent to the holding part 3 in the sheet-like substrate 2. A separator 6 (without absorbing the contained drug) may be peelably applied to the part of the pressure-sensitive tacky agent applied to the skin. Alternatively, a detachable cover 8 for covering the substrate 2 from the outside may be provided. Thereby, effects of treatment and prevention are produced by the simple structure.
Part III will start once all participants in Part I Cohorts 1.1 and 1.2 have completed the observation period. Approximately 80 participants will be randomised to receive RO6874281 in combination with Pembrolizumab in either a Q3W or QW/Q3W schedule.
BACKGROUND: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer (BC), characterized by a dismal prognosis. Dysregulated long non-coding RNA LINC01614 might be a potential biomarker for BC as previously reported. Nevertheless, its functions and mechanism in TNBC cells are unclear.
OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to study the effects of LINC01614 on TNBC cell migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process as well as the related mechanism.
METHODS: Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the expression of LINC01614 and SP1 in TNBC cells and tissues. The cellular localization of LINC01614 was determined by subcellular fraction assays. Cell counting kit-8 and Transwell invasion assays were conducted for measurement of TNBC cell viability and invasive ability. Cell migration was performed using wound healing assays and Transwell migration assays. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and luciferase reporter assays were used to explore the interaction between SP1 and LINC01614. Western blotting was used to assess protein levels of factors involved in EMT process and Wnt/ß-catenin signaling in TNBC cells.
RESULTS: LINC01614 expression was elevated in TNBC tissues and cells. LINC01614 knockdown inhibited cell viability as well as migratory and invasive abilities of TNBC cells. LINC01614 knockdown also obstructed EMT process, as shown by E-cadherin upregulation and vimentin downregulation in TNBC cells. SP1 directly bound to the promoter of LINC01614 and activated LINC01614 expression. SP1 overexpression reversed the suppressive effect of LINC01614 knockdown on TNBC cell migration, invasion, and EMT process. Protein levels of Wnt and ß-catenin were diminished by LINC01614 knockdown, and the trend was partially rescued by SP1 overexpression.
CONCLUSION: SP1-induced LINC01614 promoted malignant behavior of TNBC cells by activating the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway.
REGISTRY integrates prospectively and systematically collected clinical research data (e.g. phenotypical clinical features, family history, demographical characteristics) with access to biological specimens (e.g. blood, urine) obtained from individuals with manifest HD, unaffected individuals known to carry the HD mutation or at risk of carrying the HD mutation, and control research participants (e.g. spouses, siblings or offspring of HD mutation carriers known not to carry the HD mutation).

REGISTRY is an open-ended study and eligible subjects are assessed at annual study visits on the phenotypical characteristics of HD regardless of whether they display clinical symptoms and signs of the disease and of individuals who are part of an HD family (irrespective of their mutation carrier status). At each study visit, general clinical, motor function, behavior, cognitive, Health Economics, Quality of Life assessments are administered. In addition, participants are given the option to consent to the donation of biosamples for the purposes of mutation (CAG repeat length) testing and for research to identify biological modifiers and markers of HD. Biological specimens and phenotypical data are made available to qualified scientists whose projects are reviewed and approved by the Scientific and Bioethical Advisory Committee (SBAC) of EHDN. Successful applicants agree to accept the EHDN policies surrounding the use of the data/materials provided and publication of results (see data sharing and publication policies of EHDN, attached). Research projects should aim to advance scientific knowledge towards establishing clinically effective treatments that delay onset and/or slow the progression of the disease.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disabling inflammatory demyelinating disease of the nervous system that predominantly affects white matter, because of its complicated pathogenesis, and overlapping clinical manifestations with other inflammatory demyelinating diseases diseases, which compromises clinical diagnosis and assessment for some patients at an early stage, leading to delayed treatment. Therefore, the development and validation of simple, non-invasive, accurate biomarkers becomes an urgent need. Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) is an advanced diffusion model applied to quantify the extent of neurite destruction, allowing early assessment of the integrity of brain white matter microstructure. Many previous studies have shown that diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can reflect the damage caused by MS, but it cannot accurately describe the true course of fiber bundles, such as curved and crossed fiber bundles. In addition, most of the studies are cross-sectional and lack of longitudinal follow-up. In this study, NODDI technique was used to investigate the damage pattern of white matter microstructural integrity in the early stage of multiple sclerosis for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis. In addition, to evaluate the relationship between NODDI parameters and clinical disability and cognitive impairment in MS, reveal the relationship between the pattern of white matter microstructural integrity damage and the severity of the disease to improve the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of clinical disability and cognitive impairment, and provide potential therapeutic targets. To search for imaging biomarkers that can assess/predict disability progression and cognitive deterioration in patients with MS. Based on the above results, we can then propose a comprehensive and individualized model for the initial diagnosis, progression and clinical prognosis in patients with MS.
Colorectal cancer screening is recommended for average-risk persons beginning at age 50. A family history of colorectal cancer is recognized as a risk factor for colorectal adenoma. However, the strength of this association is uncertain. Current guidelines for initiating screening colonoscopies in patients younger than 50 years of age who have a first relative history of colorectal cancer have proved controversial. The conflicting recommendations are partly attributable to the lack of data about the prevalence of CRC and adenomas among 30- to 49-year-old individuals with a first relative history of colorectal cancer. This prospective study will quantify the prevalence of adenomas (any size) and advanced adenomas among 30- to 49-year-old individuals undergoing their first screening colonoscopy because of a first relative history of colorectal cancer and compare the data with controls(asymptomatic subjects without a first relative history of colorectal cancer).
Treatment will consist of Nivolumab 480mg every 4 weeks and Ipilimumab 1mg/kg every 8 weeks. Subjects will continue on study therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or 24 months of therapy.
GOCOVRI contains amantadine in an extended-release formulation. The active ingredient in GOCOVRI is amantadine hydrochloride.

The chemical name for amantadine hydrochloride is tricyclo [3.3.1.1 3,7] decan-1-amine, hydrochloride or 1-adamantanamine hydrochloride with the following structural formula: 

The molecular formula is C 10H 17N•HCl and the molecular weight is 187.71 (g/mol). Amantadine hydrochloride is a white crystalline powder and is non-hygroscopic, practically insoluble in ether, sparingly soluble in methylene chloride, soluble in chloroform, and freely soluble in water, ethanol, and methanol. 

GOCOVRI capsules are for oral use. Each capsule contains 68.5 mg or 137 mg amantadine (as 85 mg or 170 mg amantadine hydrochloride, respectively). Capsules also contain the following inactive ingredients: copovidone, ethylcellulose, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, medium-chain triglycerides, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone, and talc in a hard gelatin capsule.
The invention provides a sequence of microRNA like siRNA (msiRNA) aiming at a hepatitis B virus (HBV) S gene and a secondary structure of msiRNA. The sequence is a nucleotide sequence of msiHBs. After co-transfecting HepG2 and Huh7 cells, the msiRNA and a reporter HBV replicating plasmid pHY106+wta can inhibit expression of HBsAg and HBeAg. After transfecting the HepG2.2.15 cell, the msiHBs can also effectively inhibit the expression levels of HBsAg and HBeAg and the load of the HBV in the supernatant. Besides, the msiRNA also has the immunostimulatory activity and can activate innate immunity via a Toll like receptor pathway. Therefore, the msiRNA has double activities of inhibition of HBV gene expression as well as replication and immunostimulation and can be applied to preparation of drugs for treating HBV chronic infection.
ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION           A method of producing 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) by nitrosation of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-urea utilizing as a nitrosating agent dinitrogen trioxide (N203) in molar excess of theoretical wherein the molar excess of N203 ranges from 10-200% and preferably from 10-20%.  The nitrosation reaction is conventionally carried out in the cold From 0°C to -20°C and a non-aqueous solvent is utilized.  The preferred non-aqueous solvent is of the chlorinated variety; i.e., methylene dichloride.  Other preferred solvents include related halogenated compounds such as ethylene dichloride, nitro-compounds such as nitromethane, acetonitrile, and simple ethers such as ethyl ether.  Other less preferred but operable compounds include esters such as ethyl acetate, simple ketones such as acetone, and chloroform.  Solvents to be avoided are olefins, unsaturated ethers and other unsaturated compounds, amines, malonate esters, acid anhydrides, and solvents which would interact with the reactant N2O3 and the urea as well as the product nitrosourea.
PURPOSE: Persistent pain is common in older people and people living with frailty. Pain or the impact of pain on everyday life is potentially modifiable. We sought to map research evidence and information from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of pain management programmes and psychological therapies targeting community-dwelling older people, and explore appropriate strategies and interventions for managing or reducing the negative impact of pain for older people, particularly those with frailty.
METHOD: A mapping review of pain management programmes and psychological therapies for community-dwelling older people living with chronic pain. We searched for systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials and for individual randomised controlled trials and extracted data from eligible studies.
RESULTS: Searches resulted in 3419 systematic review records and 746 RCT records from which there were 33 eligible interventions identified in 31 eligible RCTs (48 reports). Broad aims of the interventions were to: improve physical, psychological, or social functioning; adjust the effects or sensation of pain psychologically; enhance self-care with self-management skills or knowledge. Common mechanisms of change proposed were self-efficacy enhanced by self-management tasks and skills, using positive psychological skills or refocusing attention to improve responses to pain, and practising physical exercises to improve physiological well-being and reduce restrictions from pain. Content of interventions included: skills training and activity management, education, and physical exercise. Interventions were delivered in person or remotely to individuals or in groups, typically in 1-2 sessions weekly over 5-12 weeks.
CONCLUSION: All the evaluated interventions appeared to show potential to provide some benefits to older people. None of the included studies assessed frailty. However, some of the included interventions appear appropriate for community-dwelling older people living with both frailty and pain.
Given the obesity epidemic, there is intense medical and public interest in dietary and lifestyle management to mitigate obesity and its associated complications. Although weight loss has traditionally focused on restricting calories, it is well described that most people are unable to maintain the caloric restriction required to long term weight loss or maintenance. This proposal will address whether restricting the timing of food intake, rather than restricting calories, may facilitate weight loss and provide metabolic benefits. It has been recently shown that the average American eats over the course of 15 hours per day. Such an eating cycle dictates that most people are always in a fed metabolic state and likely misaligns circadian patterns. Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is the process of limiting food consumption to a specific window of time (e.g. 8 hours per day) and is associated with weight loss in humans and metabolic improvements in rodent studies. Significant advances in digital mobile technology now allow further detailed measures of an individual's habits to facilitate this analysis. Thus, the objective of this study is to test the health related effects of 12 week TRF (8 hour fed and 16 hour fasting cycle) in overweight/obese adults. The investigators hypothesize that TRF will 1) improve sleep duration, sleep efficacy, increase activity and increase basal metabolic rate, 2) promote weight loss and lower body fat, and 3) improve insulin sensitivity and postprandial hyperglycemia. The investigators expect these studies to show that TRF is effective and sustainable approach to improving metabolic parameters in overweight/obese individuals.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a resilient gram-negative bacterium, poses a persistent threat as a leading cause of nosocomial infections, particularly in resource-constrained regions. Despite existing treatment and control measures, the bacterium continues to challenge healthcare systems, especially in developing nations. This paper introduces a fractional-order model to elucidate the dynamic behavior of nosocomial infections caused by P. aeruginosa and to compare the efficacy of carbapenems and aminoglycosides in treatment. The model's existence and uniqueness are established, and both global and local stability are confirmed. The effective reproduction number is computed, revealing an epidemic potential with a value of 1.02 in Northern Cyprus. Utilizing real-life data from a university hospital and employing numerical simulations, our results indicate that patients exhibit higher sensitivity and lower resistance to aminoglycoside treatment compared to carbapenems. Aminoglycosides consistently outperform carbapenems across key metrics, including the reduction of susceptible population, infection numbers, treatment efficacy, total infected population, hospital occupancy, and effective reproduction number. The fractional-order approach emerges as a suitable and insightful tool for studying the transmission dynamics of the disease and assessing treatment effectiveness. This research provides a robust foundation for refining treatment strategies against P. aeruginosa infections, contributing valuable insights for healthcare practitioners and policymakers alike.
BACKGROUND: Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is characterized by progressive hair follicle miniaturization. Novel treatments are needed to intervene in the miniaturization process. The authors aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, effectiveness, and effective population of autologous hair follicle mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the treatment of advanced AGA in Chinese individuals.
METHODS: Fifty patients ranging in age from 25 to 45 years (average, 32 ± 1.24 years) were included. None of them had ever used minoxidil, finasteride, or other drugs to promote hair growth. Healthy hair follicles were extracted from the occipital area and treated to obtain hair follicle mesenchymal stem cell suspensions. The recipient sites were divided into 2 groups. Nine points were injected in a 1-cm 2 area, and 100 µL of solution containing either 1 × 10 5 cells or normal saline was injected at each point. The follow-up duration was 9 months. Observers were blinded to patient groupings and measurements.
RESULTS: An increased proportion of terminal hair and hair shaft diameter was observed in the experimental group at 1 month. The effect lasted for 3 months. The hair-thickening effect of advanced miniaturized hair follicles with hair shaft diameter less than 60 µm was more notable than that for above 60 µm. No patient experienced any obvious side effects.
CONCLUSIONS: Hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells were effective in the treatment of advanced AGA in Chinese individuals. A hair shaft diameter of 60 µm can be used as a key index to predict the effectiveness of the therapy.
CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, II.
Type 2 diabetes educational classes, consisting of two sessions, one week apart, four-hour classes. These classes are taught by a registered dietitian and nurse, in Mandarin or Cantonese.
Congenital heart disease (CHD) affects approximately 1 % of live births worldwide, making it the most common congenital anomaly in newborns. Recent advancements in genetics and genomics have significantly deepened our understanding of the genetics of CHDs. While the majority of CHD etiology remains unclear, evidence consistently indicates that genetics play a significant role in its development. CHD etiology holds promise for enhancing diagnosis and developing novel therapies to improve patient outcomes. In this review, we explore the contributions of both monogenic and polygenic factors of CHDs and highlight the transformative impact of emerging technologies on these fields. We also summarized the state-of-the-art techniques, including targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS), whole genome and whole exome sequencing (WGS, WES), single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and others, that have revolutionized our understanding of cardiovascular disease genetics both from diagnosis perspective and from disease mechanism perspective in children and young adults. These molecular diagnostic techniques have identified new genes and chromosomal regions involved in syndromic and non-syndromic CHD, enabling a more defined explanation of the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms. As our knowledge and technologies continue to evolve, they promise to enhance clinical outcomes and reduce the CHD burden worldwide.
Full-length cDNA clones have been isolated encoding purified augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) polypeptides prepared from the cytosol of livers from human and from weanling rats. The 0.5 kb human ALR cDNA includes a 33 bp 5'-untranslated region, a 375 bp coding region and a 107 bp 3'-untranslated region. The cDNA encodes a protein consisting of 125 amino acids. The molecular weight of human ALR calculated from the cDNA was 15,028. A comparison of the sequences for the human ALR with those of the rat ALR shows 71% homology at the nucleotide level and 86% homology at the amino acid level. The most obvious immediate clinical use for the augmenter of liver regeneration is in the treatment of hepatic failure.