anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Background/Objectives: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex condition influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. This longitudinal study aimed to explore the connection between two specific genetic polymorphisms, Val66Met and 5-HTTLPR, and the lifetime prevalence of PTSD in patients from primary care settings. We also examined the role of sociodemographic and psychosocial factors to provide a more comprehensive view of PTSD risk. Methods: We recruited a cohort of primary care patients and diagnosed PTSD using a standardized diagnostic interview. Genetic analyses focused on Val66Met and 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms. We applied logistic regression to assess the association between these genetic markers and PTSD, considering factors such as gender, family history of depression, and experiences of childhood maltreatment. Results: Our findings show that women, individuals with a family history of depression, and those exposed to childhood maltreatment have a higher risk of developing PTSD. While the Val66Met polymorphism was not significantly associated with PTSD, the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism showed a marginal relationship. No significant interaction was found between the two polymorphisms in relation to PTSD. Conclusions: This study underscores the multifactorial nature of PTSD, influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The findings point to the importance of further research on genetic predispositions and highlight the value of early interventions for high-risk populations in primary care settings.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce a new compound comprising a piperidine derivative and useful as an antihistaminic agent, an antiallergic agent and a bronchodilator. SOLUTION: This compound is represented by formula I or II (R1 is H or OH; R2 is a halogen; R3 is COOH or COOR4; R4 is a 1-6C alkyl; A, B and D are each H, a halogen or the like), e.g. 4- 4-[4-(hydroxydiphenylemthyl)-1- piperidinyl]-1-hydroxybutyl)-α,α-dimethylbenzeneacetic acid. The compound represented by formula I or II is produced by opening the ring and halogenating a position isomer represented by formula III and reacting the resultant compound with a piperidine compound represented by formula IV in the presence of a base (e.g. sodium hydrogencarbonate) and, as desired, potassium iodide in a catalytic amount preferably in a solvent (e.g. methanol) at about 70 deg.C to the refluxing temperature of the solvent for about 4-120 h.
Cognitive impairment and older age are major risk factors for postoperative delirium. Professional societies have advocated preoperative screening to identify at-risk individuals for implementation of interventions, which have moderate effectiveness in preventing delirium. However, it remains unclear from the guidelines whether screening should be completed routinely for all older individuals or targeted, and also which specific screening tool is preferred. In addition, the responsibility for screening remains undesignated in the guidelines provided. We reviewed the benefits and risks of routine screening. We also performed a cost-benefit analysis of routine screening (versus no screening). Furthermore, we summarised the sensitivities and specificities of commonly used screening tools and reviewed evolving screening tools that may have an increasing role in future practice. We concluded that routine screening is useful and appears to be cost-effective for reducing postoperative delirium, with a cost-benefit ratio of 2.89 (adjusted ratio of 2.34), and has additional advantages over other approaches such as targeted screening or routine intervention.
Epithelial ovarian cancer has a high mortality rate even among those who obtain complete remission after surgery and chemotherapy. In prostate cancer, hormonal therapies including androgen ablation may control the disease for variable lengths of time but progression will invariably occur. There is also a high rate of relapse in breast cancer patients who have four or more positive axillary lymph nodes and in cases of resected metastatic disease. Immune therapies such as therapeutic vaccination may prolong remissions in these cancers.

Many different therapeutic vaccines have been evaluated in these diseases in phase 1, 2 and even phase 3 trials. Much has been learned about the principals of applying immune-based therapies and specifically the types of patients that may be most likely to mount an effective immune response. Cancer vaccines may have their greatest impact earlier in the disease course or in situations with minimal residual disease. Most recently an overall survival benefit was documented in prostate cancer patients with an immunotherapy based vaccine.

ImmunoVaccine Technologies Inc. (IVT) is developing a therapeutic vaccine against various solid cancers based on a patented vaccine delivery and enhancement platform. The antigens included in DPX-0907 were identified using an innovative antigen discovery platform to identify proprietary signature antigens actually presented on the surface of tumor cells and therefore capable of stimulating a cellular immune response in the patient. One or more of the peptide antigens are expected to be expressed in the types of tumors included in this trial. The peptide antigens proposed for DPX-0907 have been previously included in a phase I study in a different vaccine formulation at Duke University. No vaccine-induced autoimmune events were reported. These encouraging results suggest that the autoimmune potential of these cancer-specific peptide antigens is limited. IVT's DepoVax™ (DPX) lipid-based formulation was designed to enhance the speed, strength and duration of the cellular immune response. This formulation in combination with tumor targeting antigens has produced favorable safety and cellular immune responses in preclinical studies. These parameters will be studied in this phase I trial.
This arm includes participants randomly assigned to the Meds Group. Participants will choose between 1) combo NRT and 2) varenicline. The NRT will consist of transdermal NRT and nicotine lozenge. Participants will receive study product for 11 weeks.
Thyroid nodules are an exceedingly common clinical entity, however, only a small percentage of nodules are malignant. Conventional ultrasound is the current standard for the initial evaluation of thyroid nodules, yet due to several overlapping characteristics between benign and malignant nodules its utility in diagnosis has been limited, leading to a high rate of negative biopsies. To overcome these challenges the American College of Radiology has proposed a Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) in an effort to decrease unnecessary biopsies \[5\]. While these efforts have shown encouraging results, further work is still needed. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and Shear Wave Elastography (SWE) are two emerging non-invasive imaging techniques which have shown promising results in the evaluation of thyroid nodules. However, data is limited and how these imaging modalities could potentially compliment ACR TI-RADS is unknown.
Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) is a rare, idiopathic interstitial lung disease characterised by the accumulation of eosinophils in the pulmonary interstitia and alveoli. Patients with CEP respond well to systemic corticosteroid therapy and infrequently progress to end-stage lung disease. We report a case of a woman in her 40s with previously stable, steroid-responsive CEP who experienced a critical deterioration of her CEP at 25 weeks of gestation during her third pregnancy. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit due to respiratory failure requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation. Follow-up investigation revealed advanced fibrotic lung disease requiring long-term oxygen therapy and referral for double lung transplantation. While CEP infrequently advances to permanent parenchymal damage, this case demonstrates the potential for severe exacerbations in the setting of pregnancy and highlights pregnancy as a potential risk factor for disease progression, reinforcing the need for further research to define optimal monitoring and treatment strategies.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cacao extract with an organic acid, which can be produced by utilizing an outer skin of cacao beans and also having an excellent physiological activity.  <P>SOLUTION: This cacao extract with the organic acid is prepared by extracting cacao raw materials including cacao beans and/or the outer skin of cacao beans with an aqueous organic acid solution. As the aqueous organic acid solution, it is preferable to use an aqueous solution containing a low molecular weight organic acid having ≤200 molecular weight. Also, the aqueous organic acid solution is preferably an aqueous acetic acid solution. As the raw material cacao, it is possible to use the outer skin formed in the production of a cacao mass by using the endosperm part of the cacao beans. Further, as the cacao raw material, it is also possible to use the cacao beans including the endosperm part.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
All participants skin areas will be assessed and allocated a dressing based upon the investigator's clinical judgement. They will receive either ConvaFoam Border, Silicone or Non-Adhesive for up to 2 weeks as an addition to their standard pressure injury prevention protocol.
The hallmark of pathological cardiac hypertrophy is the decline in myocardial contractility caused by an energy deficit resulting from metabolic abnormalities, particularly those related to glucose metabolism. Here, we aim to explore whether D-Allose, a rare sugar that utilizes the same transporters as glucose, may restore metabolic equilibrium and reverse cardiac hypertrophy. Isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were stimulated with phenylephrine and treated with D-Allose simultaneously for 48 h. D-Allose treatment resulted in a pronounced reduction in cardiomyocyte size and cardiac remodelling markers accompanied with a dramatic reduction in the level of intracellular glucose in phenylephrine-stimulated cells. The metabolic flux analysis provided further insights revealing that D-Allose exerted a remarkable inhibition of glycolysis as well as glycolytic capacity. Furthermore, in mice subjected to a 14-day continuous infusion of isoproterenol (ISO) to induce cardiac hypertrophy, D-Allose treatment via drinking water notably reduced ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy and remodelling markers, with minimal effects on ventricular wall thickness observed in echocardiographic analyses. These findings indicate that D-Allose has the ability to attenuate the progression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by decreasing intracellular glucose flux and inhibiting glycolysis.
RIDAURA (auranofin) is indicated in the management of adults with active classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis (ARA criteria) who have had an insufficient therapeutic response to, or are intolerant of, an adequate trial of full doses of one or more nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. RIDAURA should be added to a comprehensive baseline program, including non-drug therapies.

Unlike anti-inflammatory drugs, RIDAURA does not produce an immediate response. Therapeutic effects may be seen after three to four months of treatment, although improvement has not been seen in some patients before six months.

When cartilage and bone damage has already occurred, gold cannot reverse structural damage to joints caused by previous disease. The greatest potential benefit occurs in patients with active synovitis, particularly in its early stage.

In controlled clinical trials comparing RIDAURA with injectable gold, RIDAURA was associated with fewer dropouts due to adverse reactions, while injectable gold was associated with fewer dropouts for inadequate or poor therapeutic effect. Physicians should consider these findings when deciding on the use of RIDAURA in patients who are candidates for chrysotherapy.
Recombinant negative strand virus RNA templates which may be used to express heterologous gene products and/or to construct chimeric viruses are described. Influenza viral polymerase, which was prepared depleted of viral RNA, was used to copy small RNA templates prepared from plasmid-encoded sequences. Template constructions containing only the 3' end of genomic RNA were shown to be efficiently copied, indicative that the promoter lay solely within the 15 nucleotide 3' terminus. Sequences not specific for the influenza viral termini were not copied, and, surprisingly, RNAs containing termini identical to those from plus sense cRNA were copied at low levels. The specificity for recognition of the virus-sense promoter was further defined by site-specific mutagenesis. It was also found that increased levels of viral protein were required in order to catalyze both the cap-endonuclease primed and primer-free RNA synthesis from these model templates as well as from genomic length RNAs. This indicated that this reconstituted system had catalytic properties very similar to those of native viral RNPs. High levels of expression of a heterologous gene was obtained using the constructs and methods described.
Lugol's iodine chromoendoscopy is the commonly used method for detecting and diagnosing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, iodine can induce mucosal irritation and has been commonly associated with adverse retrosternal symptoms, including retrosternal pain and/or heartburn. The existing research shows that spraying iodine solution neutralizers (Sodium thiosulfate solution, N-acetylcysteine, and vitamin C solution) after esophageal iodine chromoendoscopy can alleviate patient discomfort. However, a recent study has shown that excessive iodine concentration or excessive dosage of iodine can still increase patient discomfort even under spraying an iodine solution neutralizer. It is currently unclear whether the factors affecting patient tolerance are the iodine solution concentration or the total dosage of iodine used. Therefore, the multicenter randomized controlled trial will compare the patient's tolerance for the 1% and 5% iodine solutions under the same iodine dosage conditions. The trial will help determine the specific reasons influencing patient tolerance. Participants will be asked to score based on pain and discomfort and describe symptoms and corresponding location at 5 minutes (only for unanesthetized participants) and 30 minutes after chromoendoscopy.
Gigantomastia is a rare benign mastopathy of unknown aetiology. It usually occurs in women during puberty or during pregnancy. It is characterized by excessive breast growth, which is psychologically and physically disabling. It is a pathology little studied because of its rarity. In order to describe the epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects, we report the case of four young women. The study was longitudinal over a period of 3 months. We collected data for 6 years from October 1, 2016, to October 31, 2021, at the surgery department B of the "Centre Hospitalier Universitaire du Point G". All patients who consulted for gigantomastia were included. At the end of our study, we found three cases of juvenile gigantomastia and one case of prepubertal gigantomastia. The couple mammography ultrasound performed in two patients, adenofibroma was associated with breast hypertrophy in one patient. The treatment was essentially surgical in our study. Reduction mammoplasty according to the technique of Mc Kissock and modified Mc Kissock was used. We did not note any complication such as nipple-areolar necrosis. All our patients were satisfied with the result.
OBJECTIVES: Cold snare polypectomy (CSP)-dedicated snares (DSs) may have a higher resection ability than conventional snares. However, a model that can accurately and objectively evaluate and compare the resection ability of each snare has yet to be determined, and characteristics of snare parts that increase resection ability remain unknown. Therefore, we elucidated DSs' resection ability and all characteristics of the parts required for acquiring high resection ability.
METHODS: An ex vivo model for evaluating resection ability was generated using human colons obtained from forensic autopsy specimens. The force required to resect a 15 mm wide human colonic mucosa (FRR) was measured using this model; if the FRR is small, the resection ability is high. Next, after measuring the stiffness of each snare part, the correlation between the stiffness and resection ability was analyzed.
RESULTS: The force required to resect using SnareMaster Plus, Micro-Tech Cold Snare, Captivator Cold, Exacto Cold Snare, or Captivator II was 13.6 ± 1.0, 12.5 ± 1.2, 7.4 ± 1.2, 6.5 ± 1.0, and 28.7 ± 3.7 N, respectively. All DSs had significantly lower FRR than the conventional snare (Captivator II) and had higher resection ability (P < 0.001). A negative correlation was found between FRR and sheath or wire spindle stiffness, with correlation coefficients of 0.72 (P = 0.042) or 0.94 (P < 0.001), respectively. Moreover, 1 × 7 type wire rings had significantly higher friction coefficients than 1 × 3 type wire rings (P < 0.002).
CONCLUSION: Sheath and wire spindle stiffness should be increased to increase resection ability; 1 × 7 type wire rings may be suitable for CSP-snare parts.
PCT No. PCT/JP94/01555 Sec. 371 Date Mar. 20, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Mar. 20, 1996 PCT Filed Sep. 21, 1994 PCT Pub. No. WO95/08573 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 30, 1995A multimer peptide from a snake venom has an activity to inhibit binding between von Willebrand factor and platelets. The multimer peptide is used to obtain a single strand peptide which does not substantially cause decrease in platelets at a minimum dose for exhibiting the activity in vivo. The single strand peptide is obtained by allowing the multimer peptide to exist together with a protein-denaturing agent, and glutathione and/or cysteine, and thereby disconnecting disulfide bonds between peptide chains for constituting the multimer peptide while substantially preserving disulfide bonds within the peptide chains. Alternatively, the single strand peptide, a mutant thereof, or a part thereof is produced by genetic engineering techniques by using genes coding for them.
Penicillin allergy is a potentially life-threatening condition that is common among patients. However, the genetic associations with penicillin allergy are not yet recognized for prevention or diagnosis, particularly in East Asian populations. We conducted a retrospective case-control study using data from the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative and analysing DNA samples to identify eight major MHC Class I and Class II loci. We employed imputation methods for accurate HLA typing and enrolled 17,827 individuals who received penicillin. Logistic regression analyses were utilized to explore associations between HLA genotypes, comorbidities and allergy risk, while simultaneously conducting a subgroup analysis to explore the association between HLA genotypes, comorbidities and the severity of allergic reactions. Our study assigned 496 cases to the penicillin allergy group and 4960 controls to a matched group. The risk of penicillin allergy was significantly higher with HLA-DPB1*05:01 (OR = 1.36, p = .004) and HLA-DQB1*05:01 (OR = 1.54, p = .03), with adjusted p-values of .032 and .24, respectively. Urticaria was identified as a separate risk factor (OR = 1.73, p < .001). However, neither the HLA alleles nor the comorbidities had a significant relationship with the risk of severe penicillin-induced allergy. HLA-DPB1*05:01 was found to be significantly associated with penicillin allergy reactions among the Taiwanese population.
Patients will undergo nine sessions of 20 minutes for three sessions/week, for a total of three weeks of treatment. The training consists of 3 different virtual reality tasks specifically designed for neglect training.
Infusion of albumin-bound paclitaxel immediately followed by sonication using the SC9 device and microbubbles in order to open the blood-brain barrier in phase 1. In phase 2, patients will receive carboplatin immediately prior to sonication using the SC9 device and microbubbles in order to open the blood-brain barrier, then will receive albumin-bound paclitaxel upon completion of sonication.
Women who test HPV positive will be randomized to the experimental arm or the standard of care arm. In the Experimental arm VIA will be done to determine acceptability for cryotherapy \[R/O high-grade CIN too large for cryotherapy (usually 3-4 quadrant disease) or cancer\]. All acceptable patients will have an ECC done and then immediate cryotherapy.
The role of gut microbiota in host defense against nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD) was poorly understood. Here, we showed significant gut microbiota dysbiosis in patients with NTM-LD. Reduced abundance of Prevotella copri was significantly associated with NTM-LD and its disease severity. Compromised TLR2 activation activity in feces and plasma in the NTM-LD patients was highlighted. In the antibiotics-treated mice as a study model, gut microbiota dysbiosis with reduction of TLR2 activation activity in feces, sera, and lung tissue occurred. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated immunocompromised in lung which were closely associated with increased NTM-LD susceptibility. Oral administration of P. copri or its capsular polysaccharides enhanced TLR2 signaling, restored immune response, and ameliorated NTM-LD susceptibility. Our data highlighted the association of gut microbiota dysbiosis, systematically compromised immunity and NTM-LD development. TLR2 activation by P. copri or its capsular polysaccharides might help prevent NTM-LD.
The coexistence of heart failure (HF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is common and poses a serious threat to human health because these diseases have a high degree of commonality at the vascular level. However, the diagnosis of HF in primary care can be challenging, leading to the risk of inadequate management of both conditions. Using two case reports as examples, we attempt to shed light on the issues involved in this challenge. In the first case presentation, a 62-year-old male patient with T2DM and dyspnea was initially diagnosed with HF during primary care. However, further workup revealed that the actual cause of the patient's breathlessness was the exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In the second case, a 59-year-old woman with T2DM and obesity complained of leg swelling that was attributed to chronic venous insufficiency by a primary care physician. A correct diagnosis of HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) was made using N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and echocardiography. Due to diabetic vasculopathy HF is more likely to progress with a preserved ejection fraction. In addition, symptoms of COPD or obesity may overlap with or mask symptoms of HFpEF. The issues of over- and misdiagnosis of HFpEF in primary care are discussed in our review, which emphasizes the nonspecific nature of symptoms, such as breathlessness and leg edema in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is of utmost importance for healthcare providers to be aware of unusual manifestations of heart failure and, vice versa, of diseases that masquerade as heart failure. This will enable them to manage risks in these patients with greater consistency.