anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Prophylactic Usage: Safety and efficacy of prophylactic use of this drug has not been established.   


Chronic feeding of griseofulvin, at levels ranging from 0.5-2.5% of the diet, resulted in the development of liver tumors in several strains of mice, particularly in males. Smaller particle sizes result in an enhanced effect. Lower oral dosage levels have not been tested. Subcutaneous administration of relatively small doses of griseofulvin once a week during the first three weeks of life has also been reported to induce hepatomata in mice. Although studies in other animal species have not yielded evidence of tumorigenicity, these studies were not of adequate design to form a basis for conclusions in this regard.

In subacute toxicity studies, orally administered griseofulvin produced hepatocellular necrosis in mice, but this has not been seen in other species. Disturbances in porphyrin metabolism have been reported in griseofulvin-treated laboratory animals. Griseofulvin has been reported to have a colchicine-like effect on mitosis and cocarcinogenicity with methylcholanthrene in cutaneous tumor induction in laboratory animals.

Reports of animal studies in the Soviet literature state that a griseofulvin preparation was found to be embryotoxic and teratogenic on oral administration to pregnant Wistar rats. Rat reproduction studies done in the United States and Great Britain were inconclusive in this regard. Pups with abnormalities have been reported in the litters of a few bitches treated with griseofulvin. Because the potential for adverse effects on the human fetus cannot be ruled out, additional contraceptive precautions should be taken during treatment with griseofulvin and for a month after termination of treatment. Griseofulvin Oral Suspension, USP should not be prescribed to women intending to become pregnant within one month following cessation of therapy.

Suppression of spermatogenesis has been reported to occur in rats but investigation in man failed to confirm this. Griseofulvin interferes with chromosomal distribution during cell division, causing aneuploidy in plant and mammalian cells. These effects have been demonstrated in vitro at concentrations that may be achieved in the serum with the recommended therapeutic dosage. 

Since griseofulvin has demonstrated harmful effects in vitro on the genotype in bacteria, plants, and fungi, males should wait at least six months after completing griseofulvin therapy before fathering a child.
Termination of pregnancy is a distressing and painful procedure for women. The use of cervical dilators could shorten the duration of labor but can generate more pain. The investigators will compare two procedures of induction of labor for second trimester termination of pregnancy: one with the use of oral prostaglandins (misoprostol) only and one with the exact same procedure preceded by cervical ripening with hygroscopic cervical dilators. Epidural analgesia will be effective previously to the placement of cervical dilators and the first tablet of misoprostol. Efficacy will be determined based on the proportion of women achieving vaginal delivery within 12 hours. The beginning of labor will be defined as the first administration of misoprostol tablets in both groups.

The investigators will also evaluate safety by collecting hemorrhage endometritis, cervical tear. The investigators will compare psychological impact of these procedures, measured by the impact of event scale and acceptability 1 to 4 months later.
Acute Treatment of Manic or Mixed Episodes:

Monotherapy in Adults: The recommended starting and treatment dose of asenapine sublingual tablets is 5 mg to 10 mg twice daily. The safety of doses above 10 mg twice daily has not been evaluated in clinical trials [see Clinical Studies (14.2)].

Monotherapy in Pediatric Patients: The recommended dose of asenapine sublingual tablets are 2.5 mg to 10 mg twice daily in pediatric patients 10 to 17 years of age, and dose may be adjusted for individual response and tolerability. The starting dose of asenapine sublingual tablets is 2.5 mg twice daily. After 3 days, the dose can be increased to 5 mg twice daily, and from 5 mg to 10 mg twice daily after 3 additional days. Pediatric patients aged 10 to 17 years appear to be more sensitive to dystonia with initial dosing with asenapine sublingual tablets when the recommended escalation schedule is not followed [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4)]. The safety of doses greater than 10 mg twice daily has not been evaluated in clinical trials [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

Adjunctive Therapy in Adults: The recommended starting dose of asenapine sublingual tablets is 5 mg twice daily when administered as adjunctive therapy with either lithium or valproate. Depending on the clinical response and tolerability in the individual patient, the dose can be increased to 10 mg twice daily. The safety of doses above 10 mg twice daily as adjunctive therapy with lithium or valproate has not been evaluated in clinical trials.

For patients on asenapine sublingual tablets, whether used as monotherapy or as adjunctive therapy with lithium or valproate, it is generally recommended that responding patients continue treatment beyond the acute episode.

Maintenance Treatment of Bipolar I Disorder:

Monotherapy in Adults: Continue on the asenapine sublingual tablets dose that the patient received during stabilization (5 mg to 10 mg twice daily). Depending on the clinical response and tolerability in the individual patient, a dose of 10 mg twice daily can be decreased to 5 mg twice daily. The safety of doses above 10 mg twice daily has not been evaluated in clinical trials [see Clinical Studies (14.2)].
The invention comprises compounds of formula wherein one of Z3 and Z4 is H and the other is H, halogen, C 1-4 alkoxy or CF 3 , their acid addition salts and their preparation (a) from the corresponding propionitriles and an aminonium salt, thiourea or alkali metal amide or (b) from the corresponding alkyl propionimidates or thiopropionimidates and ammonia, one or both of the reactants preferably being in the form of a salt or (c) from the corresponding thiopropionamides and ammonia or (d) from the corresponding propionamidoximes by reduction or (e) from appropriate alkali metal phenates and 2-substituted-propionamidines where the substituent is an alkali metalaccepting atom, e.g. halogen. 2 - Phenoxypropionitriles with substituents Z3 and Z4 as above are prepared from appropriate phenols and 2-chloropropionitrile. S - Methyl 2 - m - chlorophenoxy - thiopropionimidate hydriodide or p-toluenesulphonate is prepared from 2-m-chlorophenoxypropionitrile via 2-m-chlorophenoxy-thiopropionamide. 2 - m - Methoxyphenoxy - propionamidoxime hydrochloride is prepared from 2-m-methoxyphenoxy-propionitrile and hydroxylamine hydrochloride. The compounds of the invention are stated to produce peripheral and some central depletion of catecholamines in experimental animals, and may be made up with carriers into pharmaceutical compositions for oral administration.
Zenker's diverticulum (ZD), also known as a cricopharyngeal pouch, is a pulsion pseudodiverticulum located dorsally at the pharyngoesophageal junction. The pathophysiology of ZD involves cricopharyngeal spasm, incoordination, impaired upper esophageal sphincter opening, and structural changes in the cricopharyngeal muscle, leading to symptoms such as dysphagia, regurgitation of undigested food, foreign body sensation, halitosis, unintentional weight loss, and respiratory issues. Treatment for symptomatic ZD typically involves myotomy of the cricopharyngeal muscle. Endoscopic techniques, particularly flexible endoscopy septotomy (FES) and Zenker peroral endoscopic myotomy (Z-POEM), have become preferred options due to their minimally invasive nature. This review discusses the techniques and clinical outcomes of FES and Z-POEM, focusing on specific clinical scenarios to guide the choice between these methods. Additionally, the variability in FES techniques, the effectiveness of Z-POEM, and the impact of different diverticulum sizes on treatment outcomes are analyzed, providing a comprehensive overview of current therapeutic approaches for ZD.
PURPOSE:To give transparency to shampoo without troublesome operation by blending a shampoo integrated with rinse, containing a cleaning main agent and a condensed castor oil fatty acid amidopropylbetaine with a polyhydric alcohol. CONSTITUTION:The shampoo is obtained by blending (A) a cleaning main agent selected from an amphoteric surfactant such as carboxylic acid type or sulfuric ester type, a nonionic surfactant such as fatty acid alkylol amide type and an anionic surfactant such as sulfonate with (B) a condensed castor oil fatty acid amidopropylbetaine belonging to an oilgofatty acid amide betain type amphoteric surfactant and (C) a polyhydric alcohol, e.g. glycerin, 1,3-butylene glycol or ethylene glycol at a ratio of 3-50 pts.wt. component A, 0.1-15 pts.wt. component B and 0.1-30 pts.wt. component C. Further, <=3 pts.wt. cationic surfactant can be blended with these components. The component B being a new substance is obtained by reacting a condensation product of (hydrogenated) castor oil fatty acid with N,N-dimethylaminopropylamine and then quaternizing tertiary nitrogen of the resultant amide with monochloroacetic acid.
Arm: Active Comparator: CQ CQ Capsules with 300 mg CQ base per capsule per capsule. Two capsules orally on days 1 and 2, one capsule orally on day 3.
BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with radical cystectomy (RC) is the preferred first-line treatment for localized muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). In recent years, octogenarians have been undergoing RC uneventfully, but studies showed older adults receive NAC less often. We studied the utilization and effect of RC with or without NAC in octogenarians and compared survival outcomes between responders and non-responders.
METHODS: In our retrospective study using the National Cancer Database (NCDB), we identified octogenarians with MIBC and urothelial histology who underwent RC with or without NAC between 2004 and 2018. The NAC cohort included patients who underwent RC with NAC, and the non-NAC cohort included those with or without adjuvant chemotherapy. The NAC cohort was subcategorized into responders and non-responders based on surgical pathology. Patients with comorbidity index > 1 were not included, thereby excluding patients with possible renal impairment. After propensity-matching, we compared the overall survival (OS) between NAC and non-NAC cohorts and responders and non-responders.
RESULTS: 33924 patients underwent RC, and 3056 octogenarians met our selection. Among them, 396 received NAC, and 2660 did not receive NAC. Among those who received NAC, 112(28.3%) experienced downstaging, and 223(56.4%) exhibited upstaging or no change (p < 0.001). After propensity-matching, the median OS of the NAC and non-NAC cohorts were 51.6 months and 31.3 months, respectively (p<0.001). Similarly, the median OS of responders and non-responders were 89.4 months and 26.5 months, respectively(p < 0.0001).
CONCLUSION: In our study, we observed that NAC with RC for MIBC may help to improve OS among healthy octogenarians. Similarly, responders had better OS than non-responders.
Chronic kidney disease in patients with HIV-1 infection treated with atazanavir, with or without ritonavir, has been reported during postmarketing surveillance. Reports included biopsy-proven cases of granulomatous interstitial nephritis associated with the deposition of atazanavir drug crystals in the renal parenchyma. Consider alternatives to EVOTAZ in patients at high risk for renal disease or with preexisting renal disease. Renal laboratory testing (including serum creatinine, estimated creatinine clearance, and urinalysis with microscopic examination) should be conducted in all patients prior to initiating therapy with EVOTAZ and continued during treatment with EVOTAZ. Expert consultation is advised for patients who have confirmed renal laboratory abnormalities while taking EVOTAZ. In patients with progressive kidney disease, discontinuation of EVOTAZ may be considered [see Dosage and Administration (2.1, 2.3) and Adverse Reactions (6.1)].
CALGB 140202 outlines the standard procedures for sample procurement. Samples to be used for this project have already been obtained and are currently banked at the CALGB Pathology Coordinating Office (PCO) and the Lung Cancer Tissue Bank at Brigham and Women's Hospital.
The invention provides antigen polypeptide, a polypeptide composition and a vaccine for preparing a porcine circovirus synthetic peptide vaccine. The antigen polypeptide is polypeptide shown in the sequence 1, sequence 2, sequence 3 or sequence 4. The synthetic peptide vaccine comprises polypeptide or a polypeptide composition. The provided porcine circovirus synthetic peptide vaccine is excellent in immune effect and doesn't cause problems of fever and redness existing in conventional vaccine. The vaccine can effectively overcome the problems including antigenic variation of porcine circovirus and absence of biological safety, is easy for massive synthesis, and has bright application prospects. The invention further provides a preparation method of polypeptide and a polypeptide vaccine and a pharmaceutical application thereof.
The present invention relates to a method for promoting hair growth and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes used therein. In one aspect, the invention relates to the use of exosomes in the manufacture of a medicament for promoting hair regeneration. The medicament is freeze-dried powder, and comprises: exosomes, trehalose, mannose, dextran, and the like. The invention also relates to the exosome freeze-dried powder for the application and a preparation method of the exosome freeze-dried powder. The invention adopts a method for inducing and culturing mesenchymal stem cells to secrete exosomes and extracting the exosomes in an inflammatory factor and low-oxygen environment, the exosomes obtained by the method can obviously promote the hair growth of mammals, and the mesenchymal stem cells are isolated from umbilical cords. The exosome composition of the present invention has a promoting effect on hair growth, and can increase hair length, hair diameter and hair density, and the exosome of the present invention can promote proliferation of hair follicle cells by increasing stem cell dryness of hair follicle.
Active Comparator: Group A (LMA Group) LMA-Classic™ laryngeal mask airway (Classic™LMA) by Dr. Archie Brain into clinical practice in 1988 brought about a revolution in anesthesia. In the literature, there are over 2,500 studies supporting Classic™ LMA usage. Following the success and popularity of Classic™ LMA, many different variants of this device have been designed and marketed,trying to offer a simple and effective alternative to the endotracheal intubation.
The second intervention group (Group 2) will receive self-help CBTI. A CBTI webpage will be set up and the subjects are asked to review all the materials in it. The content is the same as that in Group 1.
In an oral carcinogenicity study in Sprague-Dawley rats, oral doses of 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg/day tavaborole were administered to rats once daily for 104 weeks. No drug related neoplastic findings were noted at oral doses up to 50 mg/kg/day tavaborole (14 times the MRHD based on AUC comparisons).

In a dermal carcinogenicity study in CD-1 mice, topical doses of 5%, 10%, and 15% tavaborole solution were administered to mice once daily for 104 weeks. No drug related neoplastic findings were noted at topical doses up to 15% tavaborole solution (89 times the MRHD based on AUC comparisons).

Tavaborole revealed no evidence of mutagenic or clastogenic potential based on the results of two in vitro genotoxicity tests (Ames assay and Human lymphocyte chromosomal aberration assay) and one in vivo genotoxicity test (rat micronucleus assay).

No effects on fertility were observed in male and female rats that were administered oral doses up to 300 mg/kg/day tavaborole (107 times the MRHD based on AUC comparisons) prior to and during early pregnancy.
Patients with NAFLD and type 2 diabetes (or insulin-resistance) or with any stage of fibrosis in the inclusion visit will be followed over time in a prospective cohort study with scheduled visits. Patients without diabetes/insulin-resistance or any stage of fibrosis will participle in a single visit (inclusion) and will be part of a cross-sectional study.
Extra-uterine growth restriction (EUGR) is a common complication and a known risk factor for impaired development in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) neonates. We report a population of 288 patients with no or with low-grade MRI lesions scanned at a term equivalent age (TEA) born between 2012 and 2018. Griffiths Mental Development Scale II (GMDS II) at 2 and 3 years, preterm complications and weight growth were retrospectively analyzed. EUGR was defined for weight z-score ˂ 10 percentile at TEA, 6 and 12 months of correct age or as z-score decreased by 1-point standard deviation (SDS) from birth to TEA and from TEA to 6 months. Multivariate analysis showed that a higher weight z-score at 6 months is protective for the global developmental quotient (DQ) at 2 years (OR 0.74; CI 95% 0.59-0.93; p = 0.01). EUGR at 6 months was associated with worse locomotor, personal/social, language and performance DQ at 2 years and worse language and practical reasoning DQ at 3 years. In conclusion, a worse weight z-score at 6 months of age seems to be an independent risk factor for significantly reduced GMDS in many areas. These results suggest that we should invest more into post-discharge nutrition, optimizing family nutritional education.
Before starting the exercises, a 5-minute warm-up session was performed. The reformer Pilates exercise program included movements such as the Footwork Series (Toes, Heels, Tendon Stretch, V Position), Supine Arm Series (Pull, Circle, Pull Head Up, Triceps Press), Short Box Series (Round, Flat Back, Twist), Short Box and Arm Series (Chest Fly, The Gift, Rhomboid, Biceps Curl, Rowing, Triceps), Long Box Series (Swan, Pulling Fly), Stomach Massage (Round, Twist), Knee Stretch (Round, Flat Back), Hip Work Series (Double Leg Press, Hamstring Pulls, Leg Circle, Frog), Elephant, and Side Stretch. Participants had two-minute rest intervals after the Supine Arm Series, Short Box, Arm Series, and Knee Stretch movements. Movements were performed with ten repetitions in the first four weeks and 12 repetitions in the following four weeks.
PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence and type of clinical pharmacy services offered within South Carolina Federally Qualified Health Centers (SC FQHCs) and identify existing implementation barriers.
METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional survey of pharmacists or Chief Medical Officers practicing in SC FQHCs. Organizations were identified utilizing the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) database and were contacted to participate in a telephone survey. An electronic form was created in REDCap® software. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and evaluate data.
RESULTS: Twenty-two SC FQHCs were eligible for the survey, with 16 (72.7%) participating. Of the respondents, 9 (56%) offered at least 1 service. The most common services offered were chronic disease state management, diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES), and tobacco cessation (43.8%, n = 7). The least common services offered were chronic care, Hepatitis C, and HIV management (18.9%, n = 3). The most common barriers to implementation were lack of personnel and provider interest (62.5%, n = 10). The least common barrier was a lack of pharmacist interest or time (25%, n = 4).
CONCLUSION: Pharmacists offered at least 1 clinical service within most SC FQHCs. Barriers were identified that prevented expansion of services and further research is needed to overcome these.
The invention relates to the field of medical technology. Methyl coumarin-3-carboxylyl L-theanine, a novel synthetic compound, can inhibit the growth and invasion of cancer cells of human lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, lymphadenoma, melanoma, highly metastatic lung cancer, and the like, and can remarkably inhibit the growth and metastasis of the tumors in a body, with an inhibiting effect exceeding the inhibiting effects of anti-cancer drugs. The mechanism of action involves the down regulation inhibition of the bonding of the receptors which are closely related to growth, invasion and metastasis of the tumors, signal transduction regulation and control proteins, the kinase level and a nuclear factor with DNA, and also upper regulation of factors such as cancer-inhibiting proteins and cell cycle inhibition proteins. The methyl coumarin-3-carboxylyl L-theanine can directly inhibit the activity of histone deacetylase, the activity of histonemethylferase EZH2, and combination of a inflammatory factor NF-[Kabba]B and DNA. The activity of the methyl coumarin-3-carboxylyl L-theanine exceeds the activity of the anti-cancer drugs. The invention provides new applications of the methyl coumarin-3-carboxylyl L-theanine in prevention and treatment of diseases such as tumors, inflammation, heart and cerebral vessels and immunodeficiency.
The present disclosure relates to devices and processes for monitoring attributes of a user's physical activity (e.g., workout) or inactivity, and to user interfaces (e.g., an activity indicator) for displaying the same. In some examples, a device determines whether physical activity corresponds to a first type based on a first set of criteria, and whether physical activity corresponds to a second type based on a second set of criteria. In some examples, the device controls an inactivity timer that measures user´s inactivity. In some examples, the device displays a first visual representation of an attribute or amount of a first type of physical activity, and a second visual representation of an attribute or amount of a second type. In some examples, the device displays a third visual representation of an attribute or amount of a third type of activity. In some examples, the third visual representation corresponds to user's inactivity.
For topical use only, not for oral, ophthalmic or intravaginal use.

After shaking the can well, a small amount of topical foam (e.g. a cherry-sized amount) should be expressed from the can onto the fingertips of the hand and then applied as a thin layer over all areas of the face. Additional ZILXI foam may be used as needed to ensure the entire face is treated. The topical foam should be applied at approximately the same time each day at least 1 hour before bedtime. The patient should not bathe, shower or swim for at least 1 hour after application of the product.
The present invention relates to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as heart disease and cancer wherein necrosis is a part of the standard course of the disease. The method uses zinc finger proteins and their analogues having a metal chelated thereto, providing appropriate conformation for binding to DNA in necrotic tissue. Medically useful metal ions such as radioisotopes and nuclear magnetic resonance enhancing metals are attached to the zinc fingers.  
     As a diagnostic tool the uptake of this new class of radiopharmaceuticals pre and post conventional cancer therapy can provide almost instantaneous determination of effectiveness of the therapy and the extent of normal healthy tissue destruction. As a nuclear medicine diagnostic tool in cancer it can provide rapid prognosis and extent of disease on a physiological basis rather than conventional anatomy analysis by computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). As a MRI contrast agent it can provide clear distinctions between normal tissue (no uptake) and diseased tissue (uptake). As a therapeutic agent for cancer, the compound bound to DNA in necrotic cells in the layer below the rapidly proliferating layer will irradiate the rapidly growing rim of cancerous cells with beta or alpha radiation.