anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Crizotinib is an inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases including ALK, Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor (HGFR, c-Met), ROS1 (c-ros), and Recepteur d'Origine Nantais (RON). Translocations can affect the ALK gene resulting in the expression of oncogenic fusion proteins. The formation of ALK fusion proteins results in activation and dysregulation of the gene's expression and signaling which can contribute to increased cell proliferation and survival in tumors expressing these proteins. Crizotinib demonstrated concentration-dependent inhibition of ALK, ROS1, and c-Met phosphorylation in cell-based assays using tumor cell lines and demonstrated antitumor activity in mice bearing tumor xenografts that expressed echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4)- or nucleophosmin (NPM)-ALK fusion proteins or c-Met.

In vitro, crizotinib induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation and ALK-mediated signaling in ALCL-derived cell lines (containing NPM-ALK) at clinically achievable exposures. In vivo data obtained in an ALCL-derived mouse model showed complete regression of the tumor at a dose of 100 mg/kg once daily.
Two double-blind, randomized vehicle-controlled trials (Trial 1 and Trial 2) enrolled 1131 subjects with mild to severe fine wrinkling, facial mottled hyper- and hypo-pigmentation, and benign facial lentigines because of sun overexposure. Both trials compared the application of tazarotene cream 0.1% to its vehicle once daily for 24 weeks to the facial skin. Treatment was as an adjunct to a comprehensive skin care and sun avoidance program that included use of sunscreens, protective clothing, and non-prescription emollient cream.

In both trials, the endpoint was the proportion of subjects achieving an improvement of at least one grade from baseline in fine wrinkling, mottled hypo- and hyper-pigmentation, and benign facial lentigines. At two to four week intervals, the severity of fine wrinkling, mottled hyper-and hypo-pigmentation, and benign facial lentigines were graded on a using a 5-point photonumeric scale (0 = none, 1 = minimal, 2 = mild, 3 = moderate, and 4 = severe).

Of 1131 subjects, approximately 97% of subjects in clinical trials were white (Caucasian) with 80% of subjects in the clinical studies having Fitzpatrick skin type classifications I-III. The distribution of subject skin types were: Type I –12%; Type II – 26%; Type III – 40%; and Type IV 22%. Subjects with skin types V and VI were not studied. Insufficient number of non-white subjects (Asian, Hispanic, or other) were studied to make an adequate determination of efficacy of tazarotene cream in such subjects.

Fine Wrinkling was graded on a 5-point scale (0=none, 1=minimal, 2=mild, 3=moderate, 4=severe) using a photonumeric guideline for investigators.

Mottled hyperpigmentation was graded on a 5-point scale (0=none, 1=minimal, 2=mild, 3=moderate, 4=severe) using a photonumeric guideline for investigators.

In the 24 week trials, efficacy was also demonstrated in mottled hypopigmentation and benign facial lentigines, which were secondary endpoints in those trials.

The duration of the mitigating effects on facial fine wrinkling, mottled hyper- and hypopigmentation, and benign facial lentigines following discontinuation of tazarotene cream has not been studied.
The goal is to improve the intraoperative identification of tumor cells at positive margins and regional metastases that may be missed by a surgeon during a pulmonary resection. Improved identification of tumor cells will result in superior disease clearance and more accurate clinical staging. The investigators hypothesize that targeted fluorescent imaging during surgery will improve identification of positive margins and metastases. Since folate receptor alpha (FR ) is expressed on 55% of resectable lung cancer, the investigators will utilize a fluorescent probe that targets these tumors. As real-time imaging provides more information to the surgeon, more personalized and directed operations can be conducted. This work will allow for more preservation of normal tissue, decreased morbidity, decreased surgical time, increased surgical confidence, improved cancer detection, decreased unnecessary surgery and ultimately improved tumor free survival. This technology should transform clinical surgery from an art that depends fully on the human factor to a procedure that has precision and fail safes.
At first visit, patients will be randomized by blocked randomization into 2 sides of scalp. Experimental side will be injected with botulinum toxin A ( Botox) 2 units per 6.05 cm2 of lesion ( Concentration 2 units of Botox per 0.1 ml of normal saline ).
954,411. Field circuit control for generators starting prime-movers; alternators. SUNSTRAND INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION S.A. Feb. 14, 1962 [Feb. 14, 1961], No. 5625/62. Headings H2A and H2H. The rotors 13, 15 of an A.C. generator 11 and its exciter 12 are driven at constant speed by a shaft 10, and the field -winding on rotor 13 is connected to the output of rotor 15 through a control circuit 18, mounted for rotation with shaft 10 and arranged to disconnect the field winding when the generator 11 is used as an induction motor to run the driving system up to synchronous speed. Subsequently the generator 11 may run as a synchronous motor for a desired period depending on its application, e.g. in starting an aircraft engine. The generator field winding 22 is supplied from the exciter rotor windings 21a, 21b, 21c through a threephase rectifier 25 and a rectifier 26 whose control electrode 26a is connected through a Zener diode 30 to the secondary winding 28a of a transformer 28, the primary winding 28b of which is supplied from one phase of the exciter winding 21. During operation of machine 11 as a generator the exciter field 20 is energized and the voltage applied to electrode 26a renders the rectifier 26 conductive to energize the field winding 22. During induction motor operation of machine 11 the field 20 is not energized and the diode 30 prevents the low voltage which might be generated in the winding 21 by the residual magnetism of the field 20 from being applied to electrode 26a, so that rectifier 26 disconnects the winding 22 and the high voltages induced therein. Those voltages may be limited by a resistor 32 of value about ten times the resistance of winding 22. Members 25, 26, 28, 30 comprise the control circuit 18 of Fig. 1.
Patients will be recruited, stratified, and then randomly assigned into one of two intervention groups.The patient participants will be children anywhere on the spectrum of mild to severe AD and they will be stratified into four strata: a) Those with severe AD and no medical intervention escalation, b) Those with mild AD and no medical intervention escalation, c) Those with severe AD and medical intervention escalation, and d) Those with mild AD and medical intervention escalation. Group 1 will be a paper handout for group 1 and an educational video for group 2 as a form of TPE. Subjects will be recruited in clinic after they are screened for AD during their regular dermatology appointment. The research team will provide the patient and parent with a brief introduction to the study, what it involves for the patient, any foreseeable risks, and the compensation. If they agree to participate, a consent/permission form will be given to the parent/guardian to sign. After an initial evaluation of the patient's AD, subjects will receive an initial survey and POEM questionnaire on an iPad via RedCap that will address the condition of their AD. The patient will be administered a form of TPE as the intervention. The intervention will first be viewed/read in clinic, followed by a brief set of questions from the research team to determine the amount of information retained on an immediate level. A follow-up appointment will be scheduled for the patient. Group 2 will receive a slip of paper with a link to the videos, so the TPE will be accessible outside the clinic.
Cardiac fibrosis is associated with myocardial remodeling following myocardial infarction (MI), which can lead to heart failure, arrhythmias, and even death. This study aimed to determine the effects of tubuloside A (TA) on cardiac fibrosis after MI and elucidate their underlying molecular mechanisms. Rats were divided into the following groups: sham (fake surgery), MI, MI + 1 mg/kg TA, and MI + 3 mg/kg TA. Compared with MI, the addition of TA significantly reduced mortality, improved cardiac function, decreased infarct size, and inhibited myocardial injury and fibrosis. To verify the direct targets of TA, we used cellular thermal shift assay and drug affinity responsive target stability to analyze drug-protein interactions and discovered that TA can bind directly to TGM2 and inhibit its enzymatic activity. Furthermore, to investigate whether TA can inhibit the TGF-β1-mediated activation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) through TGM2, we overexpressed TGM2 in CF cells and treated them with TA. We found that TA inhibited the activity of TGM2 in CF cells and reduced α-SMA, collagen-I, and collagen-III levels, thereby inhibiting the progression of fibrosis. Similarly, we found that TA could exert anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects by inhibiting TGM2. Overall, we demonstrated that TA is a potential candidate drug for inhibiting the impacts of myocardial infarction and cardiac fibrosis, reducing postinfarction fibrosis by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway and suppressing mitochondrial pathway-mediated apoptosis. Therefore, focusing on drug discovery strategies for TA may provide a promising therapeutic approach for MI.
Antigen specific excreted transfer factor may be obtained by collecting material, e.g. colostrum or milk, secreted by the mammary gland of a suitable lactating mammal, e.g. a cow having immunity to the antigen under suitable conditions such that materials which interfere with transfer factor efficacy are removed so as to obtain transfer factor. Colostrum or milk so collected may be used directly, typically after sterilization, or may be treated to further concentrate and/or purify transfer factor. Treatment to yield colostral whey containing transfer factor is presently the preferred method for obtaining transfer factor for use in conferring immunity against diseases associated with antigens for which the transfer factor is specific. Cell-associated transfer factor specific for an antigen may also be obtained by incubation release from, or lysis of, cells obtained from the collected material. An alternative method for obtaining transfer factor is to recover it from the mammary tissue of a suitable lactating mammal. The transfer factor may be used in edible compositions and in pharmaceutical or veterinary compositions and in methods for conferring immunity in a human or lower animal to a disease associated with the antigen. The transfer factor may then be used to prevent or treat the disease.
PURPOSE: A method and an apparatus for managing images, and a recording medium therefor are provided to maintain high quality images without outputting unnecessary films even when reshooting is performed a number of times. CONSTITUTION: First of all, an image of a subject shot by an image sensing device(4) is acquired, and a command is given to the image sensing device so that the shot image is reshot. The reshot image of the subject by the image sensing device is acquired. The shot image and the reshot image are stored in a correlated form in a storage device(12). The shot image and the reshot image stored in the storage device are identified as an invalid image and a valid image respectively. Only the valid image from the storage device is output.
PURPOSE: A deep knowledge of the variations of the posterior forearm musculature is crucial for assessing and diagnosing conditions in this region. Extensor indicis (EI) is one of the muscles in this region, which exhibits diverse anatomical variations. This report documents an extremely unusual form of the EI with an accessory head on the dorsum of the hand.
METHODS: During routine dissection, an extremely rare presentation of the EI was found in the left forearm of a 94-year-old female cadaver.
RESULTS: This unusual EI consisted of two muscle bellies. The traditional belly originated from the distal two-thirds of the ulna. The muscle became tendinous around the carpal area, distal to the extensor retinaculum. The tendon was subsequently joined by an accessory muscle belly originating from the distal radioulnar ligament. The EI tendon inserted onto the dorsal expansion of the index finger, ulnar to that of the extensor digitorum. The posterior interosseous nerve innervated the muscle.
CONCLUSION: Herein, we report an extremely rare form of the EI. To our knowledge, EI with an accessory head has only been reported rarely over the past 200 years. Moreover, our report appears to be the first case with photographic details of this anatomical variation. Clinicians should be aware of this variation for proper diagnosis and treatment.
NEW MATERIAL:The compound of formulaI(R is H, aliphatic or aromatic acyl; the group of formula II is piperidino, pyrrolidino, morpholino, or thiomorpholino) and its acid addition salt. EXAMPLE:N-Benzoyl-2-(N-pyrrolidino)cyclopentylamide hydrochloride. USE:Antiarrhythmic agent and coronary vessel dilating agent. PROCESS:The compound of formula III and the compound of formula R'SO3Z (R' is lower alkyl; Z is halogen, etc.) are heated in a nonpolar solvent in the presence of a dehydrohalogenation agent under refluxing to convert the OH of the compound of formula III to OSO2R', and the product is heated together with a saturated cyclic amino such as pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine, thiomorpholine, etc. to effect the linkage of the cyclic amino group and the steric transformation of the product to obtain cis-2-amino-substituted cyclopentyl azide of formula IV. The reduction of the product followed by the treatment with an acylating agent gives the compound of formulaI.
Ranolazine has been demonstrated to decrease angina, ischemia on perfusion imaging, improve diastolic function, and cardiac metabolism. Furthermore it has been associated with reduced cardiac arrhythmias, including non-sustained ventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation. It has not been studied as an acute cardioprotective agent in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

We hypothesize that upfront administration of Ranolazine could decrease the myocardial injury associated with PCI due to all the factors listed above (i.e. precondition the myocardium). We plan to screen all patients scheduled for an elective coronary angiogram. Those who meet criteria and consent will be randomized to either receive Ranolazine or placebo twice a day for 3 days leading up to the PCI.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an excellently stable composition for reducing an in vivo homocysteine level, the composition for reducing the in vivo homocysteine level effective for cases other than the case having the high level of the homocysteine, and the composition capable of suppressing the increase of the in vivo homocysteine level.  <P>SOLUTION: The composition for reducing the in vivo homocysteine level, and the composition for suppressing the increase of the in vivo homocysteine level contain betaine. The composition further contains one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of vitamin B<SB>2</SB>, vitamin B<SB>6</SB>, vitamin B<SB>12</SB>, a folic acid, choline, methionine and carnitine. The composition has excellent stability, can reduce the in vivo homocysteine level and can suppress the increase thereof. Because the homocysteine associates with a symptom associated with aging and simultaneously is a risk factor of many diseases such as arteriosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease also, the composition can prevent these symptoms and lifestyle-related diseases.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI
With substance abuse concerns plaguing tribal communities, health preventive approaches for American Indian (AI) children need urgent attention. Mainstream programs fall short by failing to speak to AI children on their own terms. Not so with the Family Listening/Circle Program (FL/CP) which integrates an evidence-based family-strengthening core, with cultural values and practices for 4th graders, their parents and elders. Through previous Native American Research Centers for Health funding (Indian Health Service \& National Institutes of Health partnership) the FL/CP was created and piloted by community-based participatory research (CBPR) partnerships between the University of New Mexico Center for Participatory Research and three tribal communities: Pueblo of Jemez, Ramah Band of Navajo and Mescalero Apache Nation. FL/CP fills a gap in substance abuse prevention by recapturing historic traditions of cultural transmission, such as family dinner story-telling where elders connect with children, supporting enhanced child-family communication and psycho-social coping through traditional dialogue, indigenous languages and empowerment where children and families create community action projects addressing community substance abuse. With initial FL/CP pilot and feasibility research completed, Tribal Research Teams (TRTs) from the Pueblo of Jemez, Ramah Band of Navajo and Mescalero Apache Nation are now in place for full program implementation and effectiveness testing through a longitudinal quasi-experimental design involving a long-term, multi-tribal/academic research partnership. Under this five-year R01 effectiveness trial, tribal partners are committed to assessing the program's effectiveness and disseminating the approach and intervention within Indian Country as a best practice in reducing substance abuse health disparities, with TRTs collaborating on all research activities, implementation, interpretation/analysis, and dissemination plans. Three specific aims are 1) To rigorously test effectiveness of FLCP; with a comparative longitudinal design within and across the tribes, with 4th graders to prevent substance initiation/use and strengthen families; 2) Through CBPR, support TRTs to transform their research capacities into local prevention research infrastructures and partnering; 3)To assess additional program effects on other health/education programs and leadership within the tribes. In sum, this multi-tribal/academic partnership builds on accomplishments to test the effectiveness of an innovative intervention. This grant provides an unparalleled opportunity to reduce substance abuse in three tribal communities, strengthen tribal research capacities, and impact substance abuse prevention research designs nationally, by illustrating how CBPR processes can integrate evidence-based and cultural-centered practices to create effective programs that generate community ownership and sustainability.
As the control group, 2760 patients without AD were obtained from the hospitalized patients in the same period. Types of disease in the control group included congenital heart disease (632), coronary heart disease (467), adult valve disease (375), pulmonary artery hypertension (292), appendicitis (234), pneumonia (197), fracture (189), intestinal polyps (167), gallstone (156), esophagus cancer (51). Patients in the control group were derived from Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Department of Thoracic Surgery, and Department of Respiration, respectively.
Participants will use an over-the-counter hearing device in one ear until asymptotic speech perception performance is noted (maximum 12 weeks). The same individuals will use over-the-counter hearing devices in each ear until asymptotic performance is noted (the order of these two phases will be randomized across participants). They will be asked to use these devices at least 4 hours/day.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this tutorial is to (a) provide an updated review of the literature pertaining to proposed early features of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), (b) discuss the findings of recent treatment studies of infants and toddlers with suspected CAS (sCAS), and (c) present evidence-based strategies and tools that can be used for the identification of and intervention for infants and toddlers with sCAS or at high risk for the disorder.
METHOD: Since Davis and Velleman's (2000) seminal work on assessment and intervention in infants and toddlers with sCAS, limited research has guided clinicians in the complex task of identifying and treating early speech motor difficulties prior to a definitive diagnosis of CAS. Following the structure of Davis and Velleman, we explore the proposed early characteristics of CAS with reference to contemporary research. Next, we describe the limited treatment studies that have investigated intervention for infants and toddlers at risk of or suspected of having CAS. Finally, we present practical suggestions for integrating this knowledge into clinical practice.
CONCLUSIONS: Many of the originally proposed correlates of CAS in infants and toddlers now have research supporting their presence. However, questions remain about the developmental trajectory of the disorder. Although limited in number and restricted by lack of experimental control, emerging treatment studies can help guide clinicians in providing appropriate intervention to infants and toddlers with sCAS who need not wait for a definitive diagnosis to initiate intervention.
Patients receive docetaxel as in Arm 1A and gemcitabine hydrochloride IV on days 1 and 8 of each cycle every 3 weeks for up to 4 cycles. Patients then receive AC as in Arm 1A. Patients then undergo surgery as in Arm 1A.
One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) has gained importance as a simple, safe, and effective operation to treat morbid obesity. We previously found that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery with a long compared with a short biliopancreatic limb (BPL) leads to improved weight loss and glucose tolerance in obese mice. However, it is not known whether a long BPL in OAGB surgery also results in beneficial metabolic outcomes. Five-week-old male C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks underwent OAGB surgery with defined BPL lengths (5.5 cm distally of the duodenojejunal junction for short and 9.5 cm for long BPL), or sham surgery combined with caloric restriction. Weight loss, glucose tolerance, obesity-related comorbidities, endocrine effects, gut microbiota, and bile acids were assessed. Total weight loss was independent of the length of the BPL after OAGB surgery. However, a long BPL was associated with lower glucose-stimulated insulin on day 14, and an improved glucose tolerance on day 35 after surgery. Moreover, a long BPL resulted in reduced total cholesterol, while there were no differences in the resolution of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and adipose tissue inflammation. Tendencies of an attenuated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and aldosterone were present in the long BPL group. With both the short and long BPL, we found an increase in primary conjugated bile acids (pronounced in long BPL) along with a loss in bacterial Desulfovibrionaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae and simultaneous increase in Akkermansiaceae, Sutterellaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae. In summary, OAGB surgery with a long compared with a short BPL led to similar weight loss, but improved glucose metabolism, lipid, and endocrine outcomes in obese mice, potentially mediated through changes in gut microbiota and related bile acids. Tailoring the BPL length in humans might help to optimize metabolic outcomes after bariatric surgery.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Weight loss following OAGB surgery in obese mice was not influenced by BPL length, but a longer BPL was associated with improved metabolic outcomes, including glucose and lipid homeostasis. These changes could be mediated by bile acids upon altered gut microbiota. Further validation of these findings is required through a randomized human study.