anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE:To obtain an anemia improving agent favorable in taste and excellent in iron absorbability, containing a sparingly digestible oligosaccharide and an iron compound as active ingredients. CONSTITUTION:This anemia improving agent contains, as active ingredients, a sparingly digestible oligsaccharide and an iron compound. The former component is not digestible by digestive enzymes in vivo, is liable to be fermented by enterobacteria (e.g. fructooligosaccharide); the latter component is an insoluble iron compound such as an iron phosphate (e.g iron pyrophosphate). The does of this agent is 20-300mg/kg body weight of the oligosaccharide and 20-400mug/kg body weight of the iron compound on an iron basis. The weight ratio of the former component A to the latter component is (20000:1) to (50:1). This agent can be pharmaceutically manufactured in the form of granules, capsules, tablets, powder, liquid, etc. This anemia improving agent, can be taken directly and can also be taken by mixing with food materials, seasonings, food additives, etc.
After initiating FSH therapy on Day 2 or 3 of the cycle, Ganirelix Acetate Injection 250 mcg may be administered subcutaneously once daily during the mid to late portion of the follicular phase. By taking advantage of endogenous pituitary FSH secretion, the requirement for exogenously administered FSH may be reduced. Treatment with Ganirelix Acetate should be continued daily until the day of hCG administration. When a sufficient number of follicles of adequate size are present, as assessed by ultrasound, final maturation of follicles is induced by administering hCG. The administration of hCG should be withheld in cases where the ovaries are abnormally enlarged on the last day of FSH therapy to reduce the chance of developing OHSS (Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome). 

Directions for Using Ganirelix Acetate Injection

  1. Ganirelix Acetate Injection is supplied in a single dose, sterile, prefilled syringe and is intended for SUBCUTANEOUS administration only. 
  2. Air bubble(s) may be seen in the pre-filled syringe. This is expected, and removal of the air bubble(s) is not needed. 
  3. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water. 
  4. The most convenient sites for SUBCUTANEOUS injection are in the abdomen around the navel or upper thigh. 
  5. The injection site should be swabbed with a disinfectant to remove any surface bacteria. Clean about two inches around the point where the needle will be inserted and let the disinfectant dry for at least one minute before proceeding. 
  6. With syringe held upward, remove needle cover. 
  7. Pinch up a large area of skin between the finger and thumb. Vary the injection site a little with each injection. 
  8. The needle should be inserted at the base of the pinched-up skin at an angle of 45–90° to the skin surface. 
  9. When the needle is correctly positioned, it will be difficult to draw back on the plunger. If any blood is drawn into the syringe, the needle tip has penetrated a vein or artery. If this happens, withdraw the needle slightly and reposition the needle without removing it from the skin. Alternatively, remove the needle and use a new, sterile, prefilled syringe. Cover the injection site with a swab containing disinfectant and apply pressure; the site should stop bleeding within one or two minutes. 
  10. Once the needle is correctly placed, depress the plunger slowly and steadily, so the solution is correctly injected and the skin is not damaged. 
  11. Pull the syringe out quickly and apply pressure to the site with a swab containing disinfectant. 
  12. Use the sterile, prefilled syringe only once. Discard the unused portion and dispose of it properly.
PURPOSE:To obtain a cosmetic providing a product having color tone corresponding to purpose and wide color tone, having excellent spread and smooth touch, free from make-up collapse, by adsorbing high-purity carthamin on cellulose acetate powder to give colored powder and adding the colored powder to a cosmetic. CONSTITUTION:High-purity carthamin having >=E(0.0006%/1cm)=0.10 is dissolved in an alkali aqueous solution, the solution is blended with cellulose acetate powder having 0.5-100mu average particle diameter, then fixed with an organic acid (e.g. citric acid or acetic acid), colored, separated, washed with water and dried to give colored powder. The amount of the powder blended is 1-70wt.% preferably 5-50wt.% based on total weight of cosmetic components. The color tone of the colored powder can be controlled by acetylation degree of cellulose acetate and pH of the solution in adsorption, color tone of orange is obtained at 40-54% acetylation degree, color tone of pink - reddish purple at 55-63% acetylation degree when the pH of the solution is fixed. The power can be adjusted to pink - orange by changing pH.
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a diverse and poorly characterized E. coli pathotype that causes diarrhea in humans and animals. Phages have been proposed for the veterinary biocontrol of ETEC, but effective solutions require understanding of porcine ETEC diversity that affects phage infection. Here, we sequenced and analyzed the genomes of the PHAGEBio ETEC collection, gathering 79 diverse ETEC strains isolated from European pigs with post-weaning diarrhea (PWD). We identified the virulence factors characterizing the pathotype and several antibiotic resistance genes on plasmids, while phage resistance genes and other virulence factors were mostly chromosome encoded. We experienced that ETEC strains were highly resistant to Enterobacteriaceae phage infection. It was only by enrichment of numerous diverse samples with different media and conditions, using the 41 ETEC strains of our collection as hosts, that we could isolate two lytic phages that could infect a large part of our diverse ETEC collection: vB_EcoP_ETEP21B and vB_EcoS_ETEP102. Based on genome and host range analyses, we discussed the infection strategies of the two phages and identified components of lipopolysaccharides ( LPS) as receptors for the two phages. Our detailed computational structural analysis highlights several loops and pockets in the tail fibers that may allow recognition and binding of ETEC strains, also in the presence of O-antigens. Despite the importance of receptor recognition, the diversity of the ETEC strains remains a significant challenge for isolating ETEC phages and developing sustainable phage-based products to address ETEC-induced PWD.IMPORTANCEEnterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-induced post-weaning diarrhea is a severe disease in piglets that leads to weight loss and potentially death, with high economic and animal welfare costs worldwide. Phage-based approaches have been proposed, but available data are insufficient to ensure efficacy. Genome analysis of an extensive collection of ETEC strains revealed that phage defense mechanisms were mostly chromosome encoded, suggesting a lower chance of spread and selection by phage exposure. The difficulty in isolating lytic phages and the molecular and structural analyses of two ETEC phages point toward a multifactorial resistance of ETEC to phage infection and the importance of extensive phage screenings specifically against clinically relevant strains. The PHAGEBio ETEC collection and these two phages are valuable tools for the scientific community to expand our knowledge on the most studied, but still enigmatic, bacterial species-E. coli.
Endothelial dysfunction is associated with the development of hypertension. We hypothesize that inflammatory and normal endothelial exosomes play their roles by mediating endothelial function, and they induce endothelial angiogenesis through different signaling pathways. Endothelial cell-derived exosomes were isolated from the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with (TExo) or without (CExo) tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. We monitored dermal microcirculation profiles in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and WKY rats using a laser Doppler imager and a laser Doppler perfusion and temperature monitor. Tube formation, levels of angiogenesis-related proteins in HUVEC-conditioned media, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were assessed following TNF-α, CExo, or TExo treatments. Western blot analysis was conducted to examine signaling proteins associated with inflammation and ROS. The results showed increased blood perfusion and the mean amplitude of endothelial oscillator in SHRs following CExo administration. TNF-α, CExo, and TExo treatments promoted endothelial tube formation and elevated levels of angiogenic factors and ROS. TExo significantly increased phosphorylation levels of STAT3, p38, and level of NF-κB, while decreasing phosphorylation levels of JNK and Erk (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). CExo significantly increased STAT3 phosphorylation and reduced JNK and Erk phosphorylation (all P < 0.01). In conclusion, TNF-α and TExo induce inflammatory and pathological angiogenesis via the NF-κB pathway, while CExo exhibits a physiologically pro-angiogenic effect on endothelial cells. Increased ROS, interplaying with inflammatory signals, contribute to exosome-mediated alterations of endothelial function, thereby playing a role in the development of hypertension.
The invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine preparations and particularly provides a vitamin-E soft capsule. The vitamin-E soft capsule comprises active ingredients which are prepared from active pharmaceutical ingredients including, by weight, 2 parts of vitamin E, 20 parts of Herba Pachysandra terminalis Sieb. et Zucc., 25 parts of root of Chinese bushclover, 30 parts of root of delavay ampelopsis, 28 parts of spiny amarauth herb or root, 20 parts of Herba Silene firma Sieb. Et Zucc., 20 parts of all-grass or root of common calanthe, 18 parts of Desmodium caudatum (Thunb.) DC. and 5 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae. The vitamin-E soft capsule prepared from the active pharmaceutical ingredients according to a conventional production technology is capable of promoting defecation.
BACKGROUND: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly prescribed for gastroprotection in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), who are at increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding due to antiplatelet therapy. However, emerging evidence suggests that PPIs may adversely impact cardiovascular outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to assess the relationship between using PPIs and cardiovascular outcomes in patients following PCI.
METHODS: We searched various databases up to March 15, 2024, for observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the cardiovascular effects of PPIs in PCI patients. Data were extracted on study characteristics, patient demographics, PPI use, and cardiovascular outcomes. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2 assessed study quality. Meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model using R software version 4.3.
RESULTS: A total of 21 studies involving diverse populations and study designs were included. Observational studies suggested a moderate increase in risk for composite cardiovascular diseases (CVD), myocardial infarction (MI), and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) associated with PPI use, with pooled hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.20 (95% CI: 1.093-1.308) for CVD, 1.186 (95% CI: 1.069-1.303) for MI, and 1.155 (95% CI: 1.001-1.309) for MACE. However, RCTs showed no significant link between PPI therapy and negative cardiovascular events (Relative Risk: 1.016, 95% CI: 0.878-1.175). Substantial heterogeneity was observed among observational studies but not RCTs.
CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that while observational studies suggest a potential risk of adverse cardiovascular events with post-PCI use of PPI, RCTs do not support this association. Further large-scale, high-quality studies are required to understand the cardiovascular implications of individual PPIs better and optimize patient management post-PCI. This analysis shows the complexity of PPI use in patients with coronary artery diseases and the necessity to balance gastroprotective benefits against potential cardiovascular risks.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide coated spherical powder having high light-scattering effect, blurring wrinkle, liver spot, etc. and preventing powdery feeling, shininess, etc. and a cosmetic composition in which the powder is formulated.  <P>SOLUTION: The above problem is solved by using the coated spherical powder obtained by coating the surface of spherical resin powder with flaky titanium oxide. The cosmetic composition in which the powder is formulated is effective, because the composition has extremely high effects of blurring wrinkle and liver spot and preventing powdery feeling and shininess, etc.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI
Cystatin SN (CST1) appears to have pro-tumor effects in breast cancer (BC) and is involved in ferroptosis; however, there is no report on the regulation of ferroptosis by CST1 for BC development. The purpose of this study is to investigate the functions and mechanisms operated by CST1 in BC development and ferroptosis. Transcription Factor Activator Protein 2γ (TFAP2C) and CST1 levels in BC tissues and estrogen receptor (ER)+ cells were quantified by RT-qPCR and western blotting. After knocking down TFAP2C and CST1 expression in MCF7 and T47D cells, the proliferation, colony formation ability, apoptosis, and cell cycle were assessed. Ferroptosis was verified by detecting glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE) levels. The kits were used to test Fe2+, reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and glutathione levels, and ultrastructure of mitochondria was observed through transmission electron microscope. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation test were carried out to investigate the interaction of TFAP2C and CST1. A transplanted tumor model was established to explore the function of TFAP2C in tumorigenesis by quantifying TFAP2C, CST1, Ki67, and GPX4 levels through western blotting and immunochemistry after silencing TFAP2C. TFAP2C and CST1 were predominantly expressed in BC cells. Silencing of TFAP2C or CST1 expression suppressed ER+ BC cell proliferation, promoted apoptosis and ferroptosis, and blocked cell cycle transition from G1 phase to S phase. TFAP2C knockdown in transplanted tumors inhibited tumor growth and GPX4 level. Upregulating CST1 nullified the anti-tumor effects of TFAP2C knockdown and TFAP2C promoted CST1 expression through transcription activation. TFAP2C activates CST1 transcription to facilitate BC development and block ferroptosis.
This is a phase 1, multicenter, open-label, dose-escalation study that will evaluate the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary efficacy of CC-486 in Japanese subjects with hematological neoplasms including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), multiple myeloma (MM), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), or Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). A standard phase 1 design for MTD determination, an open label, dose ascending, "3 + 3" design, is adopted in this study. This study consists of screening phase, MTD determination phase, and treatment phase. Each subject continues study treatment until documentation of progressive disease or discontinuation of study treatment for any reason. Originally only MDS subjects were targeted and the MTD of CC-486 when administered once daily (QD) for 21 days in a 28-day cycle would be evaluated in this study. Currently CC-486 is being clinically developed with both 14-day and 21-day dosing schedules in various diseases. This study was suspended to amend protocol to evaluate the MTD on these different dosing schedule in larger population. This study was re-opened after amended protocol was approved by institutional review board at study site.
The inability to exert appropriate inhibitory control over one's behavior is an important symptom of many psychiatric illnesses. The stop signal paradigm, which involves withholding a prepotent motor response to a signal, has proved useful in assessing this deficit in children with a range of disorders, particularly attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In order to adapt the paradigm for use in fMRI studies, it is important to address two methodological issues: 1) the substitution of a visual stop signal for the more commonly-employed auditory stop signal, and 2) the fact that, on the traditional stop task (in which the subject withholds a motor response to the stop signal), correct trials do not involve a motor response whereas incorrect trials do. The latter problem can be addressed using the stop-change task (in which the subject executes alternative motor responses to the stop and go signals). The first aim of this protocol is to compare behavioral data from the stop and stop-change tasks in control adults, control children, and children with ADHD. These data will be used to test the hypotheses that, on each of these paradigms, children with ADHD will show an inhibitory deficit compared to control children, and control children will show an inhibitory deficit compared to control adults. The second aim of the protocol is to conduct a pilot fMRI study of the stop and stop-change tasks in control adults. The study has an event-related design and will test the hypotheses that ventral prefrontal activation will be greater during successful than unsuccessful stop (or stop-change) trials, and that stop and stop-change trials will be associated with more anterior cingulate and right inferior frontal activation than will go trials.
The present invention describes rapid noninvasive methods for measuring vasodilation or changes in blood flow in a patient following administration of at least one compound that donates, transfers or releases nitric oxide, elevates endogenous levels of endothelium-derived relaxing factor, stimulates endogenous synthesis of nitric oxide or is a substrate for nitric oxide synthase and/or at least one vasoactive agent. The method comprises the administration of at least one compound that donates, transfers or releases nitric oxide, elevates endogenous levels of endothelium-derived relaxing factor, stimulates endogenous synthesis of nitric oxide or is a substrate for nitric oxide synthase and/or at least one vasoactive agent to the patient followed by monitoring the temperature change of an area of interest using infrared thermography. The present invention provides methods for diagnosing diseases or disorders related to vasodilation and changes in blood flow, such as, sexual dysfunction, Raynaud's syndrome, inflammation, hypertension, gastrointestinal disorders and central nervous system disorders. The sexual dysfunction is preferably female sexual dysfunction and female sexual arousal. The vasoactive agents include potassium channel activators, calcium channel blockers, α-adrenergic receptor antagonists, β-blockers, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, adenosine, ergot alkaloids, vasoactive intestinal peptides, prostaglandins, dopamine agonists, opioid antagonists, endothelin antagonists and thromboxane inhibitors. The present invention can also be used to screen and identify drug candidates for treating diseases, disorders and conditions resulting from vasodilation or changes in blood flow. The present invention also describes compositions comprising at least one S-nitrosothiol compound for diagnosing, monitoring and/or treating female sexual dysfunctions.
PURPOSE:To obtain a formulation for external use, containing catecholamines, a medium-chain fatty acid glyceride and surfactant in a buffer solution containing a stabilizer, having excellent skin permeability, readily regulating dose as well as excellent in usefulness and safety. CONSTITUTION:A formulation for external use obtained by blending 0.1-50.0wt% catecholamines, 1.0-30.0wt% medium-chain fatty acid glyceride and 0.05-1.0wt% surfactant, e.g. sorbitan ester of a fatty acid, in a buffer solution, containing a stabilizer, e.g. sodium hydrogensulfite or cysteine hydrochloride, and adjusted to pH3.5-6.5. Adrenaline isoproterenol, etc., are used as the catecholamines and monoglyceride, diglyceride or a 6-18C fatty acid, etc., are used as the medium-chain fatty acid glyceride. The formulation for external use is useful for treating bronchial asthma, etc., and sustained administration can be carried out.
High-throughput sequencing has ushered in a paradigm shift in gastric microbiota, breaking the stereotype that the stomach is hostile to microorganisms beyond H. pylori. Recent attention directed toward the composition and functionality of this 'community' has shed light on its potential relevance in cancer. The microbial composition in the stomach of health displays host specificity which changes throughout a person's lifespan and is subject to both external and internal factors. Distinctive alterations in gastric microbiome signature are discernible at different stages of gastric precancerous lesions and malignancy. The robust microbes that dominate in gastric malignant tissue are intricately implicated in gastric cancer susceptibility, carcinogenesis, and the modulation of immunosurveillance and immune escape. These revelations offer fresh avenues for utilizing gastric microbiota as predictive biomarkers in clinical settings. Furthermore, inter-individual microbiota variations partially account for differential responses to cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize current literature on the influence of the gastric microbiota on gastric carcinogenesis, anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy, providing insights into potential clinical applications.
The effectiveness of PROVIGIL for the excessive sleepiness associated with SWSD was demonstrated in a 12-week placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 209 patients with chronic SWSD were randomized to receive PROVIGIL 200 mg/day or placebo. All patients met the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD-10) criteria for chronic SWSD (which are consistent with the American Psychiatric Association DSM-IV criteria for Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder: Shift Work Type). These criteria include 1) either: a) a primary complaint of excessive sleepiness or insomnia which is temporally associated with a work period (usually night work) that occurs during the habitual sleep phase, or b) polysomnography and the MSLT demonstrate loss of a normal sleep-wake pattern (i.e., disturbed chronobiological rhythmicity); and 2) no other medical or mental disorder accounts for the symptoms, and 3) the symptoms do not meet criteria for any other sleep disorder producing insomnia or excessive sleepiness (e.g., time zone change [jet lag] syndrome).

It should be noted that not all patients with a complaint of sleepiness who are also engaged in shift work meet the criteria for the diagnosis of SWSD. In the clinical trial, only patients who were symptomatic for at least 3 months were enrolled. 

Enrolled patients were also required to work a minimum of 5 night shifts per month, have excessive sleepiness at the time of their night shifts (MSLT score < 6 minutes), and have daytime insomnia documented by a daytime polysomnogram (PSG).

The primary measures of effectiveness were 1) sleep latency, as assessed by the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) performed during a simulated night shift at week 12 or the final visit and 2) the change in the patient’s overall disease status, as measured by the Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGI-C) at week 12 or the final visit. Patients treated with PROVIGIL showed a statistically significant prolongation in the time to sleep onset compared to placebo-treated patients, as measured by the nighttime MSLT [Table 1] (p<0.05). Improvement on the CGI-C was also observed to be statistically significant (p<0.001). (See CLINICAL TRIALS, Narcolepsy section above for a description of these tests.)

Daytime sleep measured with polysomnography was not affected by the use of PROVIGIL.