anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Weight loss can improve the metabolic complications of obesity. However, it is unclear whether insulin resistance persists despite weight loss and whether any protective benefits are preserved following weight regain (weight cycling). The impact of genetic background on weight cycling is undocumented. We aimed to investigate the effects of weight loss and weight cycling on metabolic outcomes and sought to clarify the role of genetics in this relationship.
METHOD: Both C57BL/6 J and genetically heterogeneous Diversity Outbred Australia (DOz) mice were alternately fed high fat Western-style diet (WD) and a chow diet at 8-week intervals. Metabolic measures including body composition, glucose tolerance, pancreatic beta cell activity, liver lipid levels and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity were determined.
RESULTS: After diet switch from WD (8-week) to chow (8-week), C57BL/6 J mice displayed a rapid normalisation of body weight, adiposity, hyperinsulinemia, liver lipid levels and glucose uptake into adipose tissue comparable to chow-fed controls. In response to the same dietary intervention, genetically diverse DOz mice conversely maintained significantly higher fat mass and insulin levels compared to chow-fed controls and exhibited much more profound interindividual variability than C57BL/6 J mice. Weight cycled (WC) animals were re-exposed to WD (8-week) and compared to age-matched controls fed 8-week WD for the first time (LOb). In C57BL/6 J but not DOz mice, WC animals had significantly higher blood insulin levels than LOb controls. All WC animals exhibited significantly greater beta cell activity than LOb controls despite similar fat mass, glucose tolerance, liver lipid levels and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipose tissue.
CONCLUSION: Following weight loss, metabolic outcomes return to baseline in C57BL/6 J mice with obesity. However, genetic diversity significantly impacts this response. A period of weight loss does not provide lasting benefits after weight regain, and weight cycling is detrimental and associated with hyperinsulinemia and elevated basal insulin secretion.
Over 6.5 million individuals in the United States suffer from heart failure (HF), with the burden of this disease expected to grow over the next decade. Approximately 300,000 of these patients have advanced HF and may benefit from durable left ventricular assist device (LVAD) therapy, which can improve outcomes during advanced HF. However, despite advancements in device design that have increased survival rates, large registries of real- world cases reveal that nearly half of patients experience severe vascular adverse events, including stroke and bleeding, during prolonged contemporary LVAD support. This elevated adverse-event rate remains a major barrier to safely expanding the use and durability of LVAD therapy. Vascular remodeling or aging of the large and small blood vessels is known to promote stroke and bleeding within the general population. Critically, such remodeling is rapidly accelerated under conditions of reduced pulsatility produced by LVADs, evidenced by large vessel stiffening and fibrosis, small vessel angiodysplasia, and endothelial dysfunction. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5i), such as sildenafil, are prescribed to select LVAD patients with pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure. However, given that these agents enhance nitric oxide-cGMP signaling in platelets and vascular smooth muscle cells, leading to anti-thrombotic and anti-fibrotic effects, they may also reduce vascular remodeling and related adverse events. Here, based on preliminary findings, a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial will be conducted to determine the effects of chronic sildenafil administration on vascular remodeling during LVAD support.
Disuse muscle atrophy is a disease caused by restricted activity, affecting human health and animal protein quality. While extensive research on its mechanism has been studied in mammals, comparatively little is known about this process in chickens, which are a significant source of protein for human consumption worldwide. Understanding the mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle atrophy in chickens is crucial for improving poultry health and productivity, as well as for developing strategies to mitigate muscle loss. In this study, two groups of chickens were subjected to limb immobilization for two and four weeks, respectively, in order to induce disuse muscle atrophy and uniformly sampled gastrocnemius muscle at the fourth week. A combined analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome was conducted to investigate the mechanisms of disuse-induced muscle atrophy. Through H&E staining and immunofluorescence, we found that, compared to slow-twitch muscle fibers, the fast-twitch muscle fibers showed a greater reduction in cross-sectional area in the immobilized leg, and were also the main driver of changes in cross-sectional area observed in the non-immobilized leg. Integrated analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were mainly enriched in pathways related to energy metabolism, such as fatty acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and glycolysis. These results provide important insights for further research on disuse muscle atrophy.
A method and a system for high, super- and ultra-high resolution digitized image analysis of chest x-rays is provided for diagnosis of slowly evolving difficult to visualize early stage lung cancer and pulmonary diseases including very early stage diffuse pulmonary pneumoconiosis and silicosis. This method of digitized chest x-ray image analysis also facilitates the visualization of visceral, mediastinal and parietal pleura and the pericardium as separate distinct layers covering the lung and the heart. Such distinct imaging of those structures was not feasible by any other methods of imaging of the chest. Digital image enhancements allow presentation of important structures in the image in different colors and contrast. This method of high resolution digitized and software assisted chest x-ray analysis shows that it takes about 3-4 years before a lung cancer becomes distinctly visible in a chest x-ray. Chest x-ray is the most commonly used initial diagnostic imaging for the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases. Furthermore, it is a very cost-effective means for screening for early stage lung cancer and pulmonary diseases such as the pulmonary pneumoconiosis. This method of image analysis is facilitated by digitized image capture with high, super high and ultra-high resolution digital camera ( 28, 30, 32, 54, 64, 66 ) with very small pixels, image processing algorithms, a computer ( 138 ), a server ( 96 ) and printer ( 108 ) systems.
The present application belongs to the technical ﬁeld of microorganism applications, and speciﬁcally, relates to a lactobacillus paracasei and applications of the lactobacillus paracasei in a preparation for alleviating alcohol-induced visceral injury. The strain is 10 deposited with the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC), and is assigned with the accession number of CGMCC No. 24630. The lactobacillus paracasei can signiﬁcantly improve the antioxidant capability of the liver of mice with alcohol-induced liver injury, prevent liver injury caused by alcohol, recover a liver tissue structure, remarkably improve the antioxidant capability of gastric tissue, prevent an 15 inﬂammatory response of the gastric tissue in the mice caused by the alcohol and recover the morphology of the gastric mucosa, such that the purpose of alleviating alcohol-induced visceral injury is achieved, and the lactobacillus paracasei has no side effects and high safety. 20 Fig. 18
The date when the cited document was made public and/or the content of the document at the time of publication has not been further investigated or confirmed by the ISA. Thus, the cited document could not, at the present moment, be considered as part of the general state of the art. According to PCT International Search and Preliminary Examination Guidelines, Chapter 11. 18 and 16.69 (b), the document is referred to as an L-category document. Howeve r, the applicant is informed that further investigations of this subject may be performed by e.g. a national patent office and that such investigations coul d result in confirmation of the content of the document at the time of publication.
The present invention relates to nutritional and health-care oral liquid and a preparation method thereof, which belongs to the field of health-care products. The nutritional and health-care oral liquid is composed of raw materials of the following proportion by weight: 20 to 30 portions of medlar extract, 50 to 80 portions of semen extract in a kidney, 6 to 10 portions of granulated sugar; the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1). putting right amount of medlar in water, soaking the medlar for 8 to 12 hours, fetching out the medlar, extracting juice from the medlar and filtering the juice to obtain the medlar extract; 2). putting a fresh pig kidney in water, heating the water to the boil, filtering residual liquid after 5 to 10 minutes to obtain the semen extract in the kidney; 3). mixing the medlar extract with the semen extract in the kidney, adding the granulated sugar, and uniformly stirring and bottling the granulated sugar, the medlar extract and the semen extract. The present invention has the effect of nourishing the liver and kidney, benefiting essence, strengthening the bone, improving eyesight and expelling the wind, and strengthening yin and yang, has the advantages of simple preparation and no side effect, is mainly suitable for old people and athletes to use, and simultaneously has obvious effect on male sexual dysfunction.
To investigate de effect of PAb gel on the bone tissue of rats submitted to Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ). Initially, 54 animals were submitted to BRONJ model by Zoledronic Acid (ZA) (0.1 mg/kg 3x/wk for 9 wk, ip), followed by the 1st upper left molar extraction at the 8th wk. After tooth removal, the animals were divided into 3 groups, ZA that received placebo gel or PAb gel that received 1% PAb gel, inside the dental alveolus. The control Group (CONTROL) received 0.1 mg/kg of 0.9% saline and then placebo gel. Three weeks after tooth extraction, the animals were euthanized, and maxillae were colleted for macroscopic, radiographic, histological and Raman spectomery assays. Additionally, GSK3b, beta-catenin, and Runx2 mRNA expressions were determined. Blood samples were collected for the analysis of Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) levels. PAb gel improved mucosal healing, increased the number of viable osteocytes, while it reduced the number of empty lacunae, as well as the amount of bone sequestration. Furthermore, PAb gel positively influenced the number and functionality of osteoblasts by stimulating Wnt signaling, thereby inducing bone remodeling. Additionally, PAb gel contributed to improved bone quality, as evidenced by an increase in bone mineral content, a decrease in bone solubility, and an enhancement in the quality of collagen, particularly type I collagen. PAb gel mitigated bone necrosis by stimulating of bone remodeling through Wnt signaling and concurrently improved bone quality. PAb gel emerges as a promising pharmacological tool for aiding in BRONJ therapy or potentially preventing the development of BRONJ.
A patient simulator for teaching patient care is provided. The simulator includes a patient body comprising one or more simulated body portions and a pair of bladders positioned within the patient body for simulating a patient's lungs. A compressor is positioned within the patient body in communication with the bladders for selectively providing an air supply to the bladders to simulate a respiratory pattern. A master module is also positioned within the patient body and configured for communication with an external control system. A respiratory module system is positioned within the patient body and spaced from the master module. The respiratory module system controls the respiratory pattern of the patient simulator by controlling the air supply to and from the bladders. The patient simulator is operable without physical connection to an external device.
BACKGROUND: Major spine surgery is associated with severe postoperative pain and increased opioid consumption. Opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) is thought to provide adequate intraoperative analgesia with reduced postoperative opioid consumption. The aim of this study is to compare the impact of intraoperative OFA approach to the conventional opioid-based anesthesia (OBA) on postoperative pain, opioid consumption, and related side effects in patients undergoing multilevel spinal fusion surgery.
METHODS: Forty-eight patients undergoing elective major spine surgery were randomly allocated to either receive intraoperative dexmedetomidine and lidocaine (OFA group) or fentanyl during induction and intraoperative remifentanil (OBA group). All patients received intraoperative sevoflurane, propofol, rocuronium, ketamine, dexamethasone, ondansetron and postoperative paracetamol and patient-controlled analgesia device set to deliver intravenous morphine for 48 hours after surgery. Postoperative pain was measured using numerical rating scale. Opioid side effects were documented, when present.
RESULTS: OFA group required less morphine in the first 24 hours post-surgery (17.28±12.25 mg versus 27.96±19.75 mg, P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) was significantly lower in the OFA group. More patients in the OFA group required antihypertensive medications compared to patients in the OBA group (P<0.05). In the post anesthesia care unit, OFA patients had a significantly longer stay than OBA patients (114.1±49.33 min versus 89.96±30.71 min, P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: OFA can be an alternative to OBA in patients undergoing multilevel spine fusion surgery. OFA reduces opioids consumption in the first 24 hours and PONV.
Although many individuals with chronic pain use analgesics, the methods used in many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) do not sufficiently account for confounding by differential post-randomization analgesic use. This may lead to underestimation of average treatment effects and diminished power. We introduce (1) a new measure-the Numeric Rating Scale of Underlying Pain without concurrent Analgesic use (NRS-UP (A) )-which can shift the estimand of interest in an RCT to target effects of a treatment on pain intensity in the hypothetical situation where analgesic use was not occurring at the time of outcome assessment; and (2) a new pain construct-an individuals' perceived effect of analgesic use on pain intensity (E A ). The NRS-UP (A) may be used as a secondary outcome in RCTs of point treatments or nonpharmacologic treatments. Among 662 adults with back pain in primary care, participants' mean value of the NRS-UP (A) among those using analgesics was 1.2 NRS points higher than their value on the conventional pain intensity NRS, reflecting a mean E A value of -1.2 NRS points and a perceived beneficial effect of analgesics. More negative values of E A (ie, greater perceived benefit) were associated with a greater number of analgesics used but not with pain intensity, analgesic type, or opioid dose. The NRS-UP (A) and E A were significantly associated with future analgesic use 6 months later, but the conventional pain NRS was not. Future research is needed to determine whether the NRS-UP (A), used as a secondary outcome may allow pain RCTs to target alternative estimands with clinical relevance.
The problem addressed by the invention was to show an alternative to the previously clinically used biodegradable polymers based on monomers having a hydroxycarboxylic acid structure. This problem was solved according to the invention by means of linear polyesters that are produced by esterifying dicarboxylic acids and multivalent alcohols (diols, trioles, or higher-valency alcohols) (figure 1). It was found that modified poly(dicarboxylic acid multi-oil esters) without further additives are suitable as injectable implants. The polymers can be directly injected without using an organic solvent. Furthermore, it was found that modified poly(dicarboxylic acid multi-oil esters) can be mixed with and injected with suitable biocompatible organic solvents or preformed as an implant. The carrier systems are used for the controlled release of active ingredient in human and veterinary medicine.
Segment I: individuals who have a spike protein test result less than 250 U/mL at the screening visit. Subjects will be randomized to receive a change or maintain their current immunosuppression medication regimen and then receive the Janssen Ad26.CoV2.S vaccine.
The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicinal decoction for treating depression. The traditional Chinese medicinal decoction is prepared by decocting the following raw materials with the addition of water which accounts for 3-6 times of the weight of the raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise, by weight, 8-10 parts of lily, 5-6 parts of Chinese magnoliavine. 5-6 parts of jujube kernel, 9-12 parts of Chinese angelica, 6-10 parts of curcuma tuber, 8-12 parts of Cyperus Rotundus L, 12-15 parts of Poria cocos and 7-9 parts of banksia rose. Lily is sweet and cold and has effects of tonifying qi, clearing the heart and tranquilizing mind. Chinese magnoliavine and jujube kernel have effects of nourishing heart and tranquilizing mind. Curcuma tuber and Cyperus Rotundus L have effects of resolving depression and tranquilizing mind. Chinese angelica has effects of blood-nourishing and invigorating the circulation of blood. The prescription provided by the invention has effects of tranquilizing mind, resolving depression and invigorate blood circulation. The medicine provided by the invention is applied in 23 clinical cases, including 10 cases of postnatal depression, 5 cases of senile depression and 8 cases of childhood depression. With the adoption of the medicine, depression in 17 cases is cured. The effective rate is more than 80%.
The invention discloses application of chitosan oligosaccharide in preparation of drugs for alcoholism relieving and liver protecting. The drugs are common oral dosage forms and comprise tablets, capsules, granules, oral liquid and suspension liquid. The chitosan oligosaccharide is unique alkaline polysaccharide which widely exists in natural sugar, not only has properties similar to those of chitosan, but also has the advantages of low viscosity, good water solubility, small molecular weight, easiness in absorption and use, degradability and the like. The biological activity and the functional characters of the chitosan oligosaccharide are wider than those of the chitosan. Researches show that the chitosan oligosaccharide is perfect bio-active substances, and has various biology activities of regulating blood sugar and blood fat, resisting oxidation, resisting infection, enhancing immunity, resisting tumors and the like. New application of the chitosan oligosaccharide is added, the problem of alcoholism relieving and liver protecting of drunk people is solved effectively, and human bodies are prevented from being damaged by alcohol as much as possible.
Participants will receive active HD-tDCS daily for 10 consecutive days. The anode electrode was placed on the DMPFC (Fz) surrounded by four cathodes with a 1cm diameter (FPz, F3, Cz, and F4). The stimulation direct current magnitude was set at 2 mA with a 30-s immediate decline at the beginning and end of each phase.
A preparation method of a medicine for treating bovine cholecystitis belongs to the field of biological veterinary medicines. The invention utilizes the original ecological pathogenic bacteria of the bovine cholecystitis, and additionally adds bovine blood, trace elements, escherichia coli freeze-dried powder, enterococcus freeze-dried powder, pseudomonas aeruginosa freeze-dried powder and lecithin. Weak ultrasonic waves are used for activating the activity of various germs in a buffer solution, and corresponding antibacterial peptides and antibacterial proteins are strongly induced to be generated in chrysomyia megacephala larvae in vivo in the intelligent cultivation process. The antibacterial peptide and antibacterial protein have the characteristics of high biological activity and broad spectrum of action. Clinical treatment results show that the medicine prepared by the invention has good curative effect and high effective rate. The production process of the invention is easy to be controlled industrially, the product consistency is good, the energy is saved, and the invention is suitable for large-scale production.
The efficacy of intermittent fasting (IF), as an emerging weight management strategy, in improving cardiometabolic health has been evaluated in various populations, but that among Chinese individuals has not been systematically studied. A comprehensive search on multiple databases was performed to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to October 2022. The primary outcome was post-intervention weight loss, and secondary outcomes included changes in cardiometabolic indicators. Effect estimates were meta-analyzed using a random-effects model. In total, nine RCTs with 899 Chinese participants were included. Time-restricted eating was the most adopted IF protocol in this study (six out of nine), followed by alternate-day fasting. The IF intervention significantly reduced body weight, body mass index, body fat mass, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides when compared with control groups. However, no statistically significant reductions in waist circumference, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting glucose, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure were found. To sum up, IF can be a weight management strategy and may improve the cardiometabolic health of Chinese adults, but more long-term trials using different IF strategies are required to generate robust evidence of its efficacy.