anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Affect regulation models posit that aversive affective states drive binge-eating behavior, which then regulates negative emotions. However, recent findings among individuals with binge-eating disorder (BED) suggest that food-related anticipatory processes may precede and potentially explain the negative affect thought to drive binge eating. Specifically, studies using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) demonstrate that the negative affective state of "Guilt" (from the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule) most strongly predicts later binge eating in the natural environment, and it has been hypothesized that planning a binge or feeling that a binge-eating episode is inventible may account for the increases in Guilt observed prior to binge episodes. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that binge planning or inevitability may contribute to feelings of shame (a key facet of the broader Guilt construct), which then predict binge-eating episodes, using EMA in 43 individuals with BED. Consistent with hypotheses, feelings of binge inevitability and planning prospectively predicted binge-eating episodes. Further, binge planning predicted subsequent increases in shame. However, shame did not predict subsequent increases in binge planning. Finally, a mediation model revealed that binge planning (Time 1) predicted future binge eating (Time 3) directly and indirectly through increases in shame (Time 2). The results provide novel evidence that individuals with BED anticipate and actively plan for binge-eating episodes, and that binge planning may explain the increased shame/guilt typically observed before binge eating. Overall, accruing evidence suggests that negative affect, although predictive of binge eating, may be better conceptualized as a consequence of the anticipatory processes that lead to binge eating, rather than the starting point, at least among some individuals with BED. Future experimental research is needed to more conclusively test this hypothesis.
BACKGROUND: Many studies have suggested that tea has antidepressant effects; however, the underlying mechanism is not fully studied. As the main anti-inflammatory polyphenol in tea, catechin may contribute to the protective role of tea against depression.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to prove that catechin can protect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressive-like behaviours in mice, and then explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.
METHODS: Thirty-one C57BL/6J mice were categorized into the normal saline (NS) group, LPS group, catechin group, and amitriptyline group according to their treatments. Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), Tail Suspension Test (TST), and Open Field Test (OFT) were employed to assess depressive- like behaviours in mice. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and subsequent Bioinformatics analyses, such as differential gene analysis and functional enrichment, were performed on the four mouse groups.
RESULTS: In TST, the mice in the LPS group exhibited significantly longer immobility time than those in the other three groups, while the immobility times for the other three groups were not significantly different. Similarly in EPM, LPS-treated mice exhibited a significantly lower percentage in the time/path of entering open arms than the mice in the other three groups, while the percentages of the mice in the other three groups were not significantly different. In OFT, LPS-treated mice exhibited significantly lower percentages in the time/path of entering the centre area than those in the other three groups. The results suggested that the LPS-induced depression models were established successfully and catechin can reverse (LPS)-induced depressive-like behaviours in mice. Finally, RNA-seq analyses revealed 57 differential expressed genes (DEGs) between LPS and NS with 19 up-regulated and 38 down-regulated. Among them, 13 genes were overlapped with the DEGs between LPS and cetechin (in opposite directions), with an overlapping p-value < 0.001. The 13 genes included Rnu7, Lcn2, C4b, Saa3, Pglyrp1, Gpx3, Lyz2, S100a8, S100a9, Tmem254b, Gm14288, Hbb-bt, and Tmem254c, which might play key roles in the protection of catechin against LPS-induced depressive-like behaviours in mice. The 13 genes were significantly enriched in defense response and inflammatory response, indicating that catechin might work through counteracting changes in the immune system induced by LPS.
CONCLUSION: Catechin can protect mice from LPS-induced depressive-like behaviours through affecting inflammatory pathways and neuron-associated gene ontologies.
Patients with documented IV dye allergy were given emergent dye preparation immediately prior to advanced neuroimaging that consisted of three drugs: diphenydramine 50 mg IV, famotidine 20 mg IV, and dexamethasone 10 mg IV. In contrast, elective dye preparation commonly done in non-emergent or outpatient settings is separated into two different options. The first option is for a patient to take Prednisone 50 mg three times prior to the study: one tablet by mouth 13 hours prior, one tablet by mouth seven hours prior, and the last tablet by mouth one hour prior to the study. The second option is for the patient to be prescribed dexamethasone 4 mg or 6 mg dispensed four times: two tablets by mouth 12 hours prior to the study and 2 tablets by mouth one hour prior to the study. If the patient is prescribed dexamethasone, they also take famotidine 150 mg and diphenhydramine 50 mg, both drugs by mouth 12 hours prior and one hour prior to the study.

To evaluate the relationship between dye allergy and any adverse reactions, our study's inclusion criteria consisted of all stroke alert patients from 2021-2022 who required advanced neuroimaging of CTP/CTA and received emergent IV dye preparation. Exclusion criteria included patients who reported dye allergies specific to airway edema or anaphylaxis. A retrospective chart review was done to evaluate stroke patient's stated allergies, the number of patients that received emergent IV dye preparation, and any adverse reactions despite the emergent IV dye preparation. Data was then analyzed to determine if there was a relationship between prior contrast dye allergy and allergic reactions that occurred after emergent IV dye administration.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm disorder. Its name comes from the fibrillation (i.e. quivering) of the two upper chambers (atria) of the heart instead of a coordinated contraction, causing a rapid, irregular heart rate. This irregular contraction is ineffective, leading to the development clots in the heart. These clots can travel through the bloodstream until they get stuck in a brain artery. Millions of brain cells that depend on the oxygen supplied by the blocked artery die within minutes. This is known as a stroke. Strong blood thinners known as anticoagulants can lower stroke risk by 64% in AF patients when the AF is detected on an electrocardiogram (ECG) or if it lasts more than 24h on a heart monitor. Therefore, doctors use cardiac monitors to record the heartbeats of stroke patients for up to 3 years. It was historically thought, but not proven, that if AF was found in stroke patients, using anticoagulants could prevent a second stroke. However, recent information suggests that using cardiac monitors in stroke patients increases AF detection and anticoagulants prescription without a reduction in the number of new strokes. The failure to prevent a second stroke is likely the consequence of cardiac monitors sometimes detecting very short-duration AFs, which may have a low risk of stroke. If AFs last only for a few minutes or hours, anticoagulants may not be needed.

Patients with a stroke and not know atrial fibrillation will be implanted with a loop recorder and randomized in two groups (disclosure arm and non-disclosure arm). Patients will have phone follow-up visits at 3, 6 and 12 months after implantation. A quality-of-life survey will be performed at the last study visit.

This study will assess if it is possible to organize a large clinical trial comparing the use of long-term vs. shorter-term heart monitoring. The investigators will evaluate 24 patients, between the 3 centers, in the same way, the investigators plan to evaluate a larger number of participants (\>1000) in a future study. This will allow us to learn if such a study is possible, identify potential implementation challenges, and develop strategies to overcome those difficulties.
Eight subjects will be randomized at a ratio of 3:1 in each cohort to receive either NIP292 (oral tablet dosage 1) or placebo. All subjects will receive either NIP292 or placebo on an empty stomach for 7 days (from Day 1 to Day 7), and dosing frequency will be identical and either QD, Q12H, or Q8H (depending on the observed PK data in Part 1). Two dose levels (dose 1 and dose 2) proposed for MAD part will be determined based on the doses evaluated in SAD part.
IV fluids, minimum 12 hrs IV antibiotics, minimum 12 hrs clear PO fluids only, regular clinical review. Discharge within 24 hrs after randomization, if study criteria met. If stable but not adequate improvement for discharge, non-operative management continues. If not improved by 48 hrs, appendectomy will be done. Discharge home once vital signs are within normal limits, light oral diet tolerated, adequate oral pain relief and mobile. Total 10 days of antibiotics (IV and oral) following randomization will be given. Antibiotics used vary between centers and will be current standard of care in that center; improving study feasibility and increased generalization of results.
1513939 Coagulating polymer solutions; porous beads CESKOSLOVENSKA AKADEMIE VED 18 Nov 1975 [26 Nov 1974] 47463/75 Headings C3L and C3C A process for the manufacture of spherical polymer beads from polymer solutions, wherein a polymer solution is dispersed or suspended, whilst stirring, in a liquid immiscible with the solvent in which the polymer is dissolved and which is a non-solvent for the polymer without formation of an emulsion, and the dispersion or suspension thus obtained is poured while stirring into an excess of a liquid coagulant of the polymer, which coagulant is miscible with the polymer solvent but immiscible with the dispersion medium, whereafter the two liquid phases are separated and the polymer beads are separated therefrom, wherein the volume ratio of the dispersed phase to the dispersion phase is from 1 : 1 to 1 : 30. The polymer solution may contain a solid or liquid which is insoluble in the dispersion medium and the coagulant, which is removed from the polymer beads by evaporation, or there may be present a solid which is insoluble in the polymer solvent and the dispersion medium, dispersed in the polymer solution, which is removed in the coagulant which dissolves the solid. The coagulant may react with the polymer in order to chemically modify the side-groups. Polymer solvent may be added to the coagulant and further coagulant may be added to the coagulated mixture. The spherical polymer beads may be cross-linked during or after coagulation The process may be effected continuously. In the Examples, (1) (2) polyacrylonitrile/dimethyl sulphoxide dispersed in paraffin oil is coagulated with water; (3) polyacrylonitrile/ dimethyl sulphoxide dispersed in paraffin oil is coagulated with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution which partially hydrolyses to acrylic acid units; (4) polyacrylonitrile/dimethyl sulphoxide in paraffin oil is added to 50% by weight aqueous dimethyl sulphoxide; (5) acrylonitrile is polymerized in the presence of 65% by weight aqueous nitric acid, urea, ammonium persulphate, acetylacetone and ferric chloride, whereby 40% of the polyacrylonitrile is hydrolysed, predominantly to acrylamide units with a minor proportion of acrylic acid units, the resulting solution is dispersed in gasoline in which atactic polypropylene is dissolved, and coagulated in water; (6) poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) is cross-linked with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate/ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of ethylene glycol, di-n-butyl ether and cumene hydroperoxide, the solution is dispersed in n-heptane and coagulated with sodium chloride solution; (7) methylmethacrylate/ vinylpyrrolidone copolymer in 1,2 - dichloroethane dispersed in glycerol is coagulated with light gasoline. Porous beads are obtained in (1) having a diameter of 0À2 mm. and 60% by volume of voids; (2) having a diameter of 0À5 mm. and 98% by volume of voids; (3); (4) having a diameter of 4 mm. by elution of urea nitrate with warm water; (6).
Primary pars plana vitrectomy will be performed and silicone oil will be used as the tamponading agent. For these patients, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and angiography (OCTA), along with microperimetry will be done 2 months after the primary surgery. Then they will be scheduled for silicone oil removal after 3 months from the time of primary surgery. Finally, the OCT, OCTA, and microperimetry will be repeated once more after 4 months from the vitrectomy (i.e. one month after the silicone oil removal).
The internet is a popular method for obtaining information. Increasingly, it is also used to answer medical and health related questions, because compared to other methods (e.g. going to the library or visiting a doctor) it has a number of advantages to offer like low costs, availability, easy accessibility, anonymity, and great diversity of information types and sources. 60 to 80 percent of internet users search online for medical information. In this context the term "cyberchondria" was coined in the media to describe the potentially detrimental effects of this behavior. The first studies in this field using self-report retrospective data showed that individuals with elevated levels of health anxiety seem to make increased use of the internet for this purpose and it seems to maintain health anxiety in the long-term. However, up until today little is known about the consequences of this behavior and the maintaining mechanism.

This randomized controlled experimental study investigates the effects of health-related internet use on affect, symptom severity and health anxiety in individuals with pathological health anxiety. Participants will first undergo a baseline assessment. After that health anxiety is induced using the Autobiographical Emotional Memory Task and participants complete another assessment. Then participants are randomly assigned to either an online medical searching condition (experimental group, EG) or a non-searching condition (control group, CG) to manipulate attentional focus. The EG is requested to search online for health information (external focus of attention), the CG is requested to do nothing and not to distract themselves (internal focus of attention). Then another assessment is completed and the treatment groups are compared regarding the effects on affect, symptom severity and health anxiety. Besides examining these effects a further aim of this study is to identify the underlying mechanism. Two possibilities are supposed: a) An increase of the variables of interest due to health-related information or b) a decrease due to externalization.
BACKGROUND: The STAG1 gene encodes a component of the cohesin complex, involved in chromosome segregation and DNA repair. Variants in genes of the cohesin complex determine clinical conditions characterized by facial dysmorphisms, upper limb anomalies, intellectual disability, and other neurological deficits. However, to date, the STAG1-related clinical phenotype has been poorly investigated (around 20 cases reported).
METHODS AND RESULTS: We report, for the first time, two twins affected by a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder associated with a de novo variant in the STAG1 gene. Although both the twins showed a neurodevelopmental delay, one of them showed a more severe phenotype with greater behavioral problems, speech defects and limb apraxia. CGH array showed a 15q13.3 microduplication, inherited from an unaffected mother.
CONCLUSIONS: We found different degrees of behavioral, speech and cognitive impairment in two twins affected by a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with a STAG1 variant. These findings highlight the variability of the STAG1-associated phenotype or a probable role of associated variants (like the discovered 15q13.3 microduplication) in modulating the clinical features.
BACKGROUND: Obesity, and in particular abdominal obesity, is associated with an increased risk of developing a variety of chronic diseases. Obesity, aging, and menopause are each associated with differential shifts in the gut microbiome. Obesity causes chronic low-grade inflammation due to increased lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels which is termed "metabolic endotoxemia." We examined the association of visceral adiposity tissue (VAT) area, circulating endotoxemia markers, and the gut bacterial microbiome in a cohort of aged postmenopausal women.
METHODS: Fifty postmenopausal women (mean age 78.8 ± 5.3 years) who had existing adipose measurements via dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were selected from the extremes of VAT: n = 25 with low VAT area (45.6 ± 12.5 cm2) and n = 25 with high VAT area (177.5 ± 31.3 cm2). Dietary intake used to estimate the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) score was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. Plasma LPS, LPS-binding protein (LBP), anti-LPS antibodies, anti-flagellin antibodies, and anti-lipoteichoic acid (LTA) antibodies were measured by ELISA. Metagenomic sequencing was performed on fecal DNA. Female C57BL/6 mice consuming a high-fat or low-fat diet were treated with 0.4 mg/kg diet-derived fecal isolated LPS modeling metabolic endotoxemia, and metabolic outcomes were measured after 6 weeks.
RESULTS: Women in the high VAT group showed increased Proteobacteria abundance and a lower Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Plasma LBP concentration was positively associated with VAT area. Plasma anti-LPS, anti-LTA, and anti-flagellin IgA antibodies were significantly correlated with adiposity measurements. Women with high VAT showed significantly elevated LPS-expressing bacteria compared to low VAT women. Gut bacterial species that showed significant associations with both adiposity and inflammation (anti-LPS IgA and LBP) were Proteobacteria (Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., and Klebsiella spp.) and Veillonella atypica. Healthy eating index (HEI) scores negatively correlated with % body fat and anti-LPS IgA antibodies levels. Preclinical murine model showed that high-fat diet-fed mice administered a low-fat diet fecal-derived LPS displayed reduced body weight, decreased % body fat, and improved glucose tolerance test parameters when compared with saline-injected or high-fat diet fecal-derived LPS-treated groups consuming a high-fat diet.
CONCLUSIONS: Increased VAT in postmenopausal women is associated with elevated gut Proteobacteria abundance and immunogenic metabolic endotoxemia markers. Low-fat diet-derived fecal-isolated LPS improved metabolic parameters in high-fat diet-fed mice giving mechanistic insights into potential pro-health signaling mediated by under-acylated LPS isoforms. Video Abstract.
The subjects will be given 20mg vonoprazan twice a day, 1000mg amoxicillin three times a day and probiotics three times a day. These three drugs were taken continuously for 14 days.
PURPOSE: A nerve growth factor(NGF) or a composition for promoting thymus generation containing a vector which expresses the NGF is provided to functionally activate thymus epithelial cells and promote generation of thymus and T cells. CONSTITUTION: A composition for promoting thymus generation contains a nerve growth factor with activity for enhancing thymus epithelial cell function. The composition further contains cytokine, chemokine, or both of them. The composition for promoting thymus generation contains a vector which expresses nerve growth factor with activity of enhancing thymus epithelial cell function. The vector is viral vector or non-viral vector. The viral vector is retrovirus, adenovirus, adeno-related virus, herpes simplex virus or lentivirus vector.
Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma is a malignant tumour most often found in children and adolescents, but rarely in the cervicofacial region. When it affects the parapharyngeal space, diagnosis is often delayed, resulting in poor prognosis. We here report the clinical case of a 37-year-old female patient admitted to the emergency department with inspiratory dyspnea, asthenia and anorexia. Cervical spine MRI revealed a process in the right parapharyngeal space obstructing almost the entire pharyngeal lumen. Anatomopathological, immunohistochemical and cytogenetic examinations showed extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma. The metastatic workup was negative. The patient received chemotherapy. Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma of the parapharyngeal space is extremely rare: only four cases have been reported in the literature. Nonetheless, clinical and paraclinical characteristics are similar. It is a neoplasm that must be recognized for early diagnosis to improve prognosis and management.
The invention relates to a polysaccharide extracted from flowers of panax notoginseng (burK.)F.H.Chen and a preparation method and a use thereof in preparing anti-tumor drugs. Specifically, the invention relates to the arabinogalactan extracted from the flowers of panax notoginseng (burK.)F.H.Chen; the preparation method comprises the following steps of firstly, extracting a crude polysaccharide from the flowers of panax notoginseng (burK.)F.H.Chen, and carrying out alcohol precipitation, ion column chromatography purification and spectral identification to obtain the arabinogalactan. In-vitro experiments prove that the polysaccharide can significantly inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer tumor cells and effectively inhibit angiogenesis, and is expected to become a potential polysaccharide drug for treatment of tumor.