anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) is a group of Gram-negative opportunistic bacteria often associated with fatal pulmonary infections in patients with impaired immunity, particularly those with cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). Some Bcc strains are known to naturally produce pyomelanin, a brown melanin-like pigment known for scavenging free radicals; pigment production has been reported to enable Bcc strains to overcome the host cell oxidative burst. In this work, we investigated the role of pyomelanin in resistance to oxidative stress and virulence in strains J2315 and K56-2, two epidemic CF isolates belonging to the Burkholderia cenocepacia ET-12 lineage. We previously reported that a single amino acid change from glycine to arginine at residue 378 in homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (HmgA) affects the pigment production phenotype: pigmented J2315 has an arginine at position 378, while non-pigmented K56-2 has a glycine at this position. Herein, we performed allelic exchange to generate isogenic non-pigmented and pigmented strains of J2315 and K56-2, respectively, and tested these to determine whether pyomelanin contributes to the protection against oxidative stress in vitro as well as in a respiratory infection in CGD mice in vivo. Our results indicate that the altered pigment phenotype does not significantly impact these strains' ability to resist oxidative stress with H2O2 and NO in vitro and did not change the virulence and infection outcome in CGD mice in vivo suggesting that other factors besides pyomelanin are contributing to the pathophysiology of these strains.IMPORTANCEThe Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) is a group of Gram-negative opportunistic bacteria that are often associated with fatal pulmonary infections in patients with impaired immunity, particularly those with cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). Some Bcc strains are known to naturally produce pyomelanin, a brown melanin-like pigment known for scavenging free radicals and overcoming the host cell oxidative burst. We investigated the role of pyomelanin in Burkholderia cenocepacia strains J2315 (pigmented) and K56-2 (non-pigmented) and performed allelic exchange to generate isogenic non-pigmented and pigmented strains, respectively. Our results indicate that the altered pigment phenotype does not significantly impact these strains' ability to resist H2O2 or NO in vitro and did not alter the outcome of a respiratory infection in CGD mice in vivo. These results suggest that pyomelanin may not always constitute a virulence factor and suggest that other features are contributing to the pathophysiology of these strains.
A patient who presents to the emergency department with a suspected distal end radius fracture will be assessed with a baseline NRS score1 and given analgesics if needed. Further they will be sent for an x-ray. If the X ray-shows a distal end radius fracture a decision to give hematoma block or supracondylar radial nerve block will be taken as per the choice of the treating physician. Patients who do not meet the exclusion criteria are excluded from the study at this phase. NRS score 2 is assessed once again prior to block and a Hematoma block/ Supracondylar radial nerve block is given. Needle in and out time will be noted and the pain during needling is evaluated using the NRS score 3. Pain score will further be evaluated for every 10 mins after needle out time for a maximum of 30 mins or when the patient gets adequate analgesia ( NRS score 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d).

If the block is successful, the treating physician will proceed to fracture reduction. If the block is a failure the physician will go for a rescue analgesia. NRS score5 will be evaluated at this stage. Further a NRS score 6 will be assessed 15 minutes post reduction. An x-ray will be checked for the evaluation of the reduction procedure performed and the patient will be discharged or admitted as necessary. The patient will be further followed after 1 week for delayed complications.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an olive fruit extract which exhibits excellent physiological activities, and to provide a method for producing the same.  <P>SOLUTION: The olive fruit extract is characterized by being obtained by the extraction of olive fruits with a mixture of 1,3-butylene glycol with water. A cosmetic is compounded with the olive fruit extract. The method for producing the olive fruit extract comprises extracting harvested olive fruits or oil-squeezed olive fruit residues with the mixture of 1,3-butylene glycol with water. The olive fruit extract has highly more excellent hyaluronidase activity-inhibiting action, esterase activity-inhibiting action, active oxygen-scavenging action, collagen degradation-depressing action, and the like, than those of conventional extracts.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
Participants randomized into the Normal Activity group will be encouraged to maintain their normal activity level prior to surgery. These participants are asked not to alter their normal daily routine of mental exertion (i.e. watching television, reading, puzzles, etc.) and not permitted to subscribe to Lumosity while in the research study. Research assessments will include Mini-Mental State Examination, Self-Administered Gerocognitive Examination, Geriatric Depression Scale, Charlson Comorbidity Index, Short Form 36 Health Survey, Confusion Assessment Method, Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale and Postoperative Quality of Recovery Scale.
A randomized, double-blind, parallel group design will be used to allow a rigorous preliminary assessment of the feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of bupropion SR (sustained release; packaged as Zyban by GlaxoSmithKline) in promoting smoking cessation among women in their second and third trimester of pregnancy. Fifty pregnant smokers will be randomized to receive an 8-week course of either bupropion SR or matching placebo tablets. Both groups will receive evidence-based smoking cessation counseling. The primary smoking outcome will be 7-day point prevalence abstinence with cotinine validation at the end of the treatment. Secondary outcomes include enrollment, retention, and compliance rates; continuous abstinence from end of treatment through the 2 week followup; continuous abstinence from birth to 2nd week postpartum followup; self-reported reduction in number of cigarettes smoked per day; and maternal side effects and perinatal/neonatal outcomes. Preliminary smoking cessation and safety outcomes will be assessed for the generation of evidence-based hypotheses regarding clinical benefit of bupropion for pregnant smokers in preparation fo a larger trial.
Methods are provided for applying spinal cord stimulation with and without selective pharmaceuticals to restore voluntary control of hand function in tetraplegic subjects. The spinal cord stimulation can be transcutaneous and/or epidural. The electrical stimulation, alone or in combination with pharmaceuticals can be applied to facilitate restoration of motor control and/or force generation in subjects suffering with spinal cord injury and/or as other neurological injury and illness that effects motor control of the hand or paw. Successful application can provide a device for widespread use in rehabilitation of neurologic injury and disease. WO 2015/048563 PCT/US2014/057886 -4 o....0. 0-x ---- ---- - 4 .... Fig.1
OBJECTIVES: I. Compare the change in pain intensity during the 15 minutes immediately following aerosolized vs oral morphine sulfate in cancer patients with opioid-sensitive breakthrough pain. II. Compare preference for continued use of these regimens in these patients. III. Compare the pain relief in patients treated with these regimens. IV. Evaluate satisfaction of patients treated with these regimens.

OUTLINE: This is a randomized, open-label, crossover, multicenter study. Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms. Patients undergo titration of aerosolized morphine sulfate over days 1-7 to determine the optimal baseline and breakthrough dosage. Arm I: Patients receive aerosolized morphine sulfate as needed for breakthrough pain, up to 4 inhalations every 15 minutes, on days 8-14. Patients crossover to oral morphine sulfate as needed for breakthrough pain on days 15-21. Arm II: Patients receive oral morphine sulfate as needed for breakthrough pain on days 8-14. Patients crossover to aerosolized morphine sulfate as needed for breakthrough pain, up to 4 inhalations every 15 minutes, on days 15-21. Patients may continue treatment with either oral or aerosolized morphine sulfate for an additional 60 days beginning on day 22. Quality of life is assessed weekly for 3 weeks. Patients complete a pain management satisfaction survey at the end of each therapy crossover week.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: Approximately 50 patients will be accrued for this study.
PURPOSE: To obtain a pharmaceutical preparation of high commodity value free from appearance deterioration, etc., by mixing caffeine-contg. granules or tablets with at least one component selected from anhydrous caffeine, gastric antacids and hydrous SiO2 to easily suppress whisker development of the above preparation. CONSTITUTION: (A) A caffeine-contg. granules or tablets are mixed with (B) at least one kind of ingredient selected from anhydrous caffeine, gastric antacids and hydrous SiO2 so that the component B account for 0.01-5wt.% of the component A. The component B is pref. a combination of anhydrous caffeine with hydrous SiO2 or a combination of anhydrous caffeine with a gastric antacid such as synthetic hydrotalcite, aluminum hydroxide-sodium bicarbonate coprecipitate or synthetic aluminum silicate. It is preferable that the particle diameter of the component B be <=300μm.
PCT No. PCT/US97/15987 Sec. 371 Date Feb. 24, 1999 Sec. 102(e) Date Feb. 24, 1999 PCT Filed Sep. 9, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO98/10782 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 19, 1998There is described antifungal combination therapy comprising the use of known antifungal agents such as the azoles or polyenes in combination with a pneumocandin derivative antifungal agent. More particularly, the invention relates to antifungal combination therapy comprising the use of azoles such as fluconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, ER 30346, SCH 56592; polyenes such as amphotericin B, nystatin or liposomal and lipid forms thereof such as Abelcet, AmBisome and Amphocil; purine or pyrimidine nucleotide inhibitors such as flucytosine; or polyoxins such as nikkomycins, in particular nikkomycin Z or other chitin inhibitors, elongation factor inhibitors such as sordarin and analogs thereof, mannan inhibitors such as predamycin, bactericidal/permeability-inducing (BPI) protein products such as XMP.97 or XMP.127 or complex carbohydrate antifungal agents such as CAN-296 in combination with a pneumocandin derivative as described herein.
Oxaliplatin (OXA)-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) is a severe side effect that greatly limits OXA clinical use and threatens patients' life and health. Paeoniflorin exhibits extensive anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, but whether it can protect against OIPN and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of paeoniflorin on OIPN and probe into the underlying mechanisms. The OIPN model was established through oxaliplatin injection in rats. The ameliorative effects of paeoniflorin on OIPN was assessed by nociceptive hypersensitivities through pain behavioral methods. Neuroinflammation were examined by measuring the levels of inflammatory cytokines and immune cells infiltration. The signaling pathway of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB was evaluated by Western blotting. Gut microbial changes were detected by 16S rDNA sequencing technology. In addition, antibiotics-induced microbiota eradication and fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) were applied for exploring the function of gut microbiota in the protective effects of paeoniflorin. The results revealed that paeoniflorin significantly alleviated mechanical and cold hypersensitivity, mitigated neuroinflammation and influenced gut microbial composition in OIPN rats. Fecal microbiota transplantation further verified that gut microbiota was required for paeoniflorin ameliorating OIPN and that the underlying mechanism involved downregulation of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling. Specifically, Akkermansia, Dubosiella and Corynebacterium might serve as crucial genera regulated by paeoniflorin in the treatment of OIPN. In summary, our investigations delineate paeoniflorin's ameliorative effects on OIPN by alleviating neuroinflammation through regulations of gut microbiota. This suggests that paeoniflorin may serve as a new potential strategy for treatment of OIPN in clinical practice.
BACKGROUND: Intramuscular fat grafting in extremity muscles, especially the gastrocnemius, has become increasingly popular. However, while safety in truncal muscle fat grafting has been well-studied, research on extremity muscles is lacking.
OBJECTIVES: In this study, we aimed to explore the anatomy of the gastrocnemius muscle and adjacent structures as intramuscular and subcutaneous recipient sites. Additionally, we sought to analyze pressure-volume relationships and fat migration patterns during posterior calf grafting.
METHODS: Eight cadaveric lower extremities were examined. A prosection was performed to better understand the vascular complex around the gastrocnemius. Ultrasound-guided fat injections were then performed into both the subcutaneous and intramuscular layers; dynamic pressures were measured with a manometer. Last, dyed-injectant was injected subcutaneously to better elucidate subcutaneous anatomy.
RESULTS: Anatomic prosection demonstrated the proximity of the gastrocnemius muscle to the popliteal venous system that arborized (>1 mm) intramuscularly. In the 3 specimens that underwent intramuscular fat grafting, the peak intramuscular pressures plateaued at 21 mmHg (19.5-23 mmHg); there was no observed extrafascial migration of the injectant. With subcutaneous injectant in 1 specimen, pressures in the subcutaneous space increased (125 mmHg) with additional injectant (240 mL) while pressures in the intramuscular space remained relatively constant (4 mmHg).
CONCLUSIONS: Intramuscular gastrocnemius fat grafting should be done with caution: its proximity to critical veins and sustained increased intramuscular pressures following grafting increases risks of embolus and thrombosis, respectively. Subcutaneous injection may be safer in that increased pressures are not communicated to deep structures. Last, we present a novel description of posterior calf subcutaneous compartments that may better allow surgeons to direct and predict subcutaneous injectant.
All patients will receive metformin 500 mg per oral twice daily with food for at least 7 days, until 2 days prior to surgery. Metformin therapy should be discontinued 2 days before surgery to reduce the risk of lactic acidosis associated with fasting.
The present invention is directed to a combination of varenicline and bupropion for use in treating alcohol use disorder (AUD) and/or treating alcohol risk consumption in a subject in need thereof. Either drug may be administered prior to the other, or the two may be administered concomitantly (e.g. separate, sequential or simultaneous administration). Also claimed is the use of varenicline and bupropion in the manufacture of a medicament used in the treatment of AUD or alcohol risk consumption. Also claimed is a method of treating AUD or alcohol risk consumption through administration of varenicline and bupropion. Most preferably, the subject of treatment is human. The preferred amount of varenicline is from 0.1 to 5 mg per day (mg/day, mg.day-1), most preferably from 0.5 to 2 mg per day. The preferred amounts of bupropion is 25 to 600 mg per day, most preferably 150 to 300 mg per day.
TACE group: The frequency of treatment is determined based on the disease condition for patients who are randomly assigned to group of TACE treatment.TACE is performed via an injection into the hepatic artery of agents by puncturing the common femoral artery, and micro-embolization superselective catheterization is preferred.Adriamycin(30 to 60mg) is considered as basic chemotherapy drugs in the process of transcatheter endovascular perfusion.The dose of ultra fluid lipiodol was determined by diameter and blood supply type of HCC,generally 5-20ml, and no more than 30ml once.The boundary is considered whether there are large amounts of lipiodol to deposit in the tumor and tiny branches shadow of portal veins in paracarcinoma under fluoroscopic guidance. Embolizing agents(gelatin sponge particles 350um-560um) are added after lipiodol emulsion embolization.It has a possibility of observeation alone if tumor achieves a complete response after two times TACE.
A lactic acid bacteria matter is prepd. by 1) innoculating lactic acid bacteria into the defatted milk, skim milk, MRS broth medium or Rogosa broth medium, and culturing, 2) centrifuging the culture broth to obtain the lactic acid bacteria cell, 3) washing the obtd. lactic acid bacteria cell with saline or potassium phosphate buffer, crushing the bacteria cell continuously, centrifuging to obtain the supernatant, and filtering it to obtain the crushed soln.(I) and the cell pellet, 4) extracting the obtd. cell pellet with water, ethanol or methanol and filtering to obtain the cell pellet extract, and 5) mixing the obtd. cell pellet extract and the obtd. (I) to obtain the final product. The lactic acid bacteria is Lactobacillus sp. and Streptococcus sp..
Single inhalation from matching placebo dry powder inhaler once daily on days 1-10. Single dose oral tablet moxifloxacin (400mg) on day 10.
Intranasal povidone-iodine (PDI Profend) will be applied to the patients' noses 60 minutes before surgery to repair HELEF and approximately 12 hours after the first application. If the patient will have additional HELEF repair in the 6 month followup period, intranasal PVI will be applied in a similar manner for each procedure.
PURPOSE: A method of making a solid preparation by previously dissolving poorly soluble drugs in a plasticizer and then coating a powdery enteric coating agent on a core particle while spraying the plasticizer on the core particle is provided. It can produce the product having excellent solubility without organic solvents utilizing conventional equipment while avoiding the problems such as environmental pollution, work site safety or the like. CONSTITUTION: The pharmaceutical solid preparation contains: a core particle; a plasticizer in which poorly soluble drugs for coating the core particle are dissolved; and a powdery enteric coating agent. The plasticizer is triethyl citrate or polyethylene glycol. The enteric coating agent contains one or more selected from the group consisting of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose trimellitate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate maleate. The enteric solid preparation is prepared by coating a powdery enteric coating agent on a core particle while spraying a plasticizer in which poorly soluble drugs are dissolved on the core particle.
BACKGROUND: Antireflux procedures (ARPs) are effective treatments for GERD. However, variation in objective and patient-reported outcomes persists. Limited evidence and anecdotal experience suggest that patient sex may play a role. The objective of this study was to compare outcomes after ARPs between male and female patients.
STUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database at a single institution. All patients who underwent an ARP for GERD were included. Demographic, clinical, and patient-reported outcomes data (GERD health-related quality of life [HRQL] and reflux symptom index), and radiographic hernia recurrence were collected and stratified by sex. Univariable and multivariable logistic and mixed-effects linear regression were used to control for confounding effects.
RESULTS: Between 2009 and 2022, 934 patients (291 men and 643 women) underwent an ARP. Reflux symptom index, GERD-HRQL, and gas and bloat scores improved uniformly for both sexes, though female patients were more likely to have higher gas and bloat scores 1 year postprocedure (mean ± SD 1.7 ± 1.4 vs 1.4 ± 1.3, p = 0.03) and higher GERD-HRQL scores 2 years postprocedure (6.3 ± 8.1 vs 4.7 ± 6.8, p = 0.04). Higher gas and bloat scores in women persisted on regression controlling for confounders. Hernia recurrence rate was low (85 patients, 9%) and was similar for both sexes. A final intraprocedural distensibility index 3 mm 2 /mmHg or more was significantly associated with a 7 times higher rate of recurrence (95% CI 1.62 to 31.22, p = 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: Although patients of either sex experience symptom improvement and low rate of recurrence after ARPs, women are more likely to endorse gas and bloat compared with men. Final distensibility index 3 mm 2 /mmHg or more carries a high risk of recurrence. These results may augment how physicians prognosticate during consultation and tailor their treatment in patients with GERD.
An inhibiting agent against the proliferation of malignant tumour cells of animals including human beings comprises a mixture of an L-lactic acid straight-chain condensate having a degree of condensation of 5 to 23 and an L-lactic acid cyclic condensate having a degree of condensation of 2 to 15. The agent may be obtained by a process involving first heating lactic acid under normal pressures or reduced pressure in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen gas. The thus obtained lactic acid low condensates are dissolved in methanol and filtered. The filtrate is dried under reduced pressure and the residue dissolved in acetonitrile. The resulting solution is passed through a reverse phase system ODS column which has previously been equilibrated by using an acidic acetonitrile solution. A fraction eluted with high concentration acetonitrile solution is collected.
Reniform and root-knot nematode are two of the most destructive pests of conventional upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., and continue to be a major threat to cotton fiber production in semiarid regions of the Southern United States and Central America. Fortunately, naturally occurring tolerance to these nematodes has been identified in the Pima cotton species (Gossypium barbadense) and several upland cotton varieties (G. hirsutum), which has led to a robust breeding program that has successfully introgressed and stacked these independent resistant traits into several upland cotton lineages with superior agronomic traits, e.g. BAR 32-30 and BARBREN-713. This work identifies the genomic variations of these nematode-tolerant accessions by comparing their respective genomes to the susceptible, high-quality fiber-producing parental line of this lineage: Phytogen 355 (PSC355). We discover several large genomic differences within marker regions that harbor putative resistance genes as well as expression mechanisms shared by the two resistant lines, with respect to the susceptible PSC355 parental line. This work emphasizes the utility of whole-genome comparisons as a means of elucidating large and small nuclear differences by lineage and phenotype.