anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The signs and symptoms of overdosage with BiDil are expected to be those of excessive pharmacologic effect, i.e., vasodilatation, reduced cardiac output and hypotension, and signs and symptoms include headache, confusion, tachycardia, and generalized skin flushing. Complications can include myocardial ischemia and subsequent myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmia, and profound shock. Syncope, coma and death may ensue without appropriate treatment. 

Human Experience: There are no documented cases of overdosage with BiDil. No deaths from acute poisoning have been reported. 

Treatment: There is no specific antidote. Support of the cardiovascular system is of primary importance. Shock should be treated with plasma expanders, vasopressors, and positive inotropic agents. The gastric contents should be evacuated, taking adequate precautions to prevent aspiration. These manipulations have to be carried out after cardiovascular status has been stabilized, since they might precipitate cardiac arrhythmias or increase the depth of shock. 

In patients with renal disease or congestive heart failure, therapy resulting in central volume expansion is not without hazard. Treatment of isosorbide dinitrate overdose in these patients may be difficult, and invasive monitoring may be required. 

No data are available to suggest physiological maneuvers (e.g., maneuvers to change the pH of the urine) that might accelerate elimination of the components of BiDil. Dialysis is not effective in removing circulating isosorbide dinitrate. The dialyzability of hydralazine has not been determined. 

Methemoglobinemia: Nitrate ions liberated during metabolism of isosorbide dinitrate can oxidize hemoglobin into methemoglobin. There are case reports of significant methemoglobinemia in association with moderate overdoses of organic nitrates. Methemoglobin levels are measurable by most clinical laboratories. Methemoglobinemia could be serious in chronic heart failure patients because of already compromised vascular bed-tissue gas exchange dynamics. Classically, methemoglobinemic blood is described as chocolate brown, without color change on exposure to air. When methemoglobinemia is diagnosed, the treatment of choice is methylene blue, 1 to 2 mg/kg intravenously.
Pain after root canal treatment is an important complication encountered in endodontic practice, with a reported prevalence of 3%-58%. Severe pain may start even 24 to 48 h after treatment. Postoperative pain has a complex etiology, including treatment factors under the control of the clinician, microbial factors related to the contents of infected root canals, patient demographic factors (patient sex and age, among others), immunological factors, local tissue changes, and psychological factors. Debris extrusion to the periapical tissues during root canal instrumentation can significantly influence the incidence and intensity of postoperative pain. The root canal instrumentation technique may play an important role in the occurrence of postoperative pain as it can induce an acute inflammatory response following periapical extrusion of necrotic tissues, infected debris, and bacteria. Previous clinical trials have evaluated the effect of reciprocation and continuous rotation kinematics on debris extrusion and postoperative pain; however, their results are conflicting.

The glide path is defined as a straight tunnel extending from the canal orifice to the physiological apical foramen. Glide-path preparation may prevent complications of root canal instrumentation; reduce risk of instrument failure, debris extrusion, and postoperative pain; and preserve root canal anatomy, thereby reducing the risk of transportation, perforation, and step and zip formation. Many NiTi glide-path file systems of different sizes and metallurgical properties have been introduced to date. Recently, a new single glide-path file system was introduced with the aim of reducing the number of files used and simplifying glide-path instrumentation.

The effect of glide-path file systems on postoperative pain has been studied previously. However, to the best of investigators' knowledge, there are no data comparing PG and WOGG glide-path files in terms of postoperative pain in asymptomatic teeth with necrotic pulp and periapical lesions. Therefore, the purpose of this in vivo study was to evaluate the incidence and intensity of postoperative pain in asymptomatic maxillary and mandibular molars with necrotic pulp and periapical lesions after glide-path preparation with a stainless-steel K-file and PG and WOGG glide-path file systems. The null hypothesis was that there is no difference in the incidence and intensity of postoperative pain between glide-path preparation techniques.
Methods and compositions for treating or preventing parenteral nutrition associated liver disease are provided. Methods and compositions for advancing enteral tolerance in subjects receiving enteral nutrition are provided. The methods involve the use of omega-3 fatty acid compositions. In some embodiments the omega-3 fatty acid compositions comprise docosahexanoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. In some embodiments the omega-3 fatty acid compositions comprise fish oil. In some embodiments the subjects to be treated are receiving parenteral nutrition. In some embodiments the subjects to be treated are infants having a low birth weight, very low birth weight, extremely low birth weight, a low gestational age, short bowel syndrome, necrotizing entercolitis, or any combination thereof.
After finish the operation, Mediclore group will be applied 1.5 CC of Mediclore at the surgical site. Mediclore is a Poloxamer-based thermosensitive anti-adhesive agent which is in a liquid solution and transform to a gel-state after being in a body temperature.
1\. Hypersensitivity to GnRH, GnRH agonist analogs or any of the excipients in SYNAREL;

2\. Undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding;

3\. Use in pregnancy or in women who may become pregnant while receiving the drug. SYNAREL may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Major fetal abnormalities were observed in rats, but not in mice or rabbits after administration of SYNAREL during the period of organogenesis. There was a dose-related increase in fetal mortality and a decrease in fetal weight in rats [see Pregnancy]. The effects on rat fetal mortality are expected consequences of the alterations in hormonal levels brought about by the drug. If this drug is used during pregnancy or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, she should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus;

4\. Use in women who are breast-feeding [seeNursing Mothers].
As with other anti-infectives, prolonged use may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms, including fungi. If superinfection occurs discontinue use and institute alternative therapy. Whenever clinical judgment dictates, the patient should be examined with the aid of magnification, such as slit lamp biomicroscopy and, where appropriate, fluorescein staining. Ofloxacin should be discontinued at the first appearance of a skin rash or any other sign of hypersensitivity reaction.

The systemic administration of quinolones, including ofloxacin, has led to lesions or erosions of the cartilage in weight-bearing joints and other signs of arthropathy in immature animals of various species. Ofloxacin, administered systemically at 10 mg/kg/day in young dogs (equivalent to 110 times the maximum recommended daily adult ophthalmic dose) has been associated with these types of effects.
EMTRIVA is the brand name of emtricitabine, a synthetic nucleoside analog with activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase.

The chemical name of emtricitabine is 5-fluoro-1-(2R,5S)-[2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]cytosine. Emtricitabine is the (-) enantiomer of a thio analog of cytidine, which differs from other cytidine analogs in that it has a fluorine in the 5-position.

It has a molecular formula of C8H10FN3O3S and a molecular weight of 247.24. It has the following structural formula:

Emtricitabine is a white to off-white powder with a solubility of approximately 112 mg/mL in water at 25 °C. The log P for emtricitabine is -0.43 and the pKa is 2.65.

EMTRIVA is available as capsules or as an oral solution.

EMTRIVA capsules are for oral administration. Each capsule contains 200 mg of emtricitabine and the inactive ingredients, crospovidone, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and povidone.

EMTRIVA oral solution is for oral administration. One milliliter (1 mL) of EMTRIVA oral solution contains 10 mg of emtricitabine in an aqueous solution with the following inactive ingredients: cotton candy flavor, FD&C yellow No. 6, edetate disodium, methylparaben, and propylparaben (added as preservatives), sodium phosphate (monobasic), propylene glycol, water, and xylitol (added as a sweetener). Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid may be used to adjust pH.
Preclinical and clinical studies on the administration of bone marrow-derived cells to restore perfusion show conflicting results. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on preclinical studies to assess the efficacy of bone marrow-derived cells in the hind limb ischemia model and identify possible determinants of therapeutic efficacy. In vivo animal studies were identified using a systematic search in PubMed and EMBASE on 10 January 2022. 85 studies were included for systematic review and meta-analysis. Study characteristics and outcome data on relative perfusion were extracted. The pooled mean difference was estimated using a random effects model. Risk of bias was assessed for all included studies. We found a significant increase in perfusion in the affected limb after administration of bone marrow-derived cells compared to that in the control groups. However, there was a high heterogeneity between studies, which could not be explained. There was a high degree of incomplete reporting across studies. We therefore conclude that the current quality of preclinical research is insufficient (low certainty level as per GRADE assessment) to identify specific factors that might improve human clinical trials.
Nemaline rod myopathy is an extremely rare muscle disease responsible for hypotonia and poor muscle strength in infants. The disease has variable phenotypic presentations across different ages, ranging from neonatal to the adult onset and from severe to asymptomatic varieties. Clinical features, muscle biopsy and genetic testing help in diagnosis. The histopathological examination shows the presence of rod-like structures or nemaline bodies in muscles. Management remains mainly supportive, and currently, there is no available curative treatment. This case report describes an infant presenting with gross hypotonia, poor handling of secretions and multiple extubation failures who was diagnosed by clinical exome sequencing. The patient harboured compound heterozygous variants in the NEB gene suggestive of nemaline rod myopathy. The newborn showed significant improvement in muscle strength after he was started on dietary L-tyrosine supplementation. This case highlights the emerging role of L-tyrosine in the supportive care of infants with nemaline rod myopathy.
Postoperative pain after open cholecystectomy can be significant and mobility limiting, causing increased risk of deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary complications, and extended hospital stay. With increasing emphasis on early postoperative mobilization, adequate postoperative pain control is essential. Acute postoperative pain is currently managed largely with opioids and co-administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). Opioids are highly effective in managing acute postoperative pain, however dosing is often limited by side effects such as respiratory depression, nausea and vomiting, and sedation. NSAIDS are administered to reduce opioid use, but may also have limiting side effects, such as gastrointestinal toxicity and platelet dysfunction. New strategies to manage acute postoperative pain would provide clinical benefit. ALGRX 4975 is an ultra-pure form of capsaicin, which is a pain medicine that has the potential for long-term pain relief following a single administration. This study will determine whether ALGRX 4975 can provide pain relief following open cholecystectomy.
Participants (N \~ 60) without vision-related anxiety will be designated to Arm 1 and receive LVR. This group is intended to be a comparison for the higher vision-related anxiety groups. For this reason, these patients may be placed on a waitlist (meaning participants low-vision rehabilitation may be delayed), until the study team can match with someone in one of the other groups.
Since there is a crossover design, each patient will be in the placebo arm for 16 weeks of the study. If a patient begins in the placebo arm, they will switch over to the treatment arm at week 16.
PURPOSE: To dye hair into a desired color by treating the hair with an oxidation reaction composition containing a catechol and a persulfate oxidizing agent and buffered in specific pH range with a bicarbonate salt or TRIS buffering agent preferably in the presence of a water-soluble cupric or ferrous salt. CONSTITUTION: A hair-dyeing composition containing an effective amount of a catechol, a persulfate oxidizing agent (in an amount of about 1-4 equivalents based on the catechol) and a buffering agent selected from TRIS and a bicarbonate salt in an amount sufficient for giving a pH of about 7-11 is applied to hair. The composition is brought into contact with the hair unit achieving a desired color, thus permanently dyeing the hair. The further addition of a catalytic amount of a water-soluble cupric or ferrous salt to the hair-dyeing composition accelerates the development of the color. The catechol is preferably selected from dopa, cysteinyl dopa, α-alkyl dopas, epinephrine, dopa alkyl esters and a compound of the formula (R1 -R3 are H, an alkyl, OH, etc.).  The method for dyeing the hair is advantageous, because of not using hydrogen peroxide, and can achieve red or yellow hair color tone which appears as a natural color.
PURPOSE: To obtain a cleaning agent for nontreatment, effective for removing a protein-containing contaminated substance, comprising an enzyme preparation produced from an animal or fish of Euphausiacea. CONSTITUTION: This composition comprises 0.0001-100(W/W)% of an enzyme preparation containing an exo- and endopeptidase mixture obtained from an animal (e.g. a crustacean of Euphausiacea) or a fish (e.g. capelin) belonging to the order Euphausiacea as an active ingredient. The enzyme is obtained by homogenizing the animal and extraction-treating with an aqueous medium and has about 15,000-80,000 molecular weight. The composition is effective for removing a contaminated substance containing a protein and a lipid, hydrolyzing and removing especially a fibrin, coagulated blood and components of deactivated tissue and also useful for bed bath for wound. The composition can be prepared into a dosage form such as cream, spray, powder, gel, oil and solution.
PCT No. PCT/EP93/02478 Sec. 371 Date May 11, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date May 11, 1994 PCT Filed Sep. 13, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/06912 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 31, 1994The invention relates to a peptide or fragment thereof which is immunochemically reactive with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) antibodies. A new monoclonal antibody directed to said peptide or fragment thereof is also part of the invention. The invention also relates to a method for the detection of EBV or anti-EBV antibodies in a test fluid and also to an immunochemical reagent comprising a peptide, a fragment or a polypeptide according to the invention and a test kit to be used when applying the said detection methods. Detection of EBV in a test fluid or tissue specimen using antibodies, monoclonal and polyclonal; directed to the said peptide, which have the characteristics of detecting both native and denatured intact, functional EBNA-1 protein is also part of said invention.
Deviations of brain age from chronologic age, known as the brain age gap (BAG), have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease (AD). Here, we compare the associations of MRI-derived (atrophy) or 18F-FDG PET-derived (brain metabolism) BAG with cognitive performance, neuropathologic burden, and disease progression in cognitively normal individuals (CNs) and individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: Machine learning pipelines were trained to estimate brain age from 185 matched T1-weighted MRI or 18F-FDG PET scans of CN from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and validated in external test sets from the Open Access of Imaging and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases-Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia studies. BAG was correlated with measures of cognitive performance and AD neuropathology in CNs, SCD subjects, and MCI subjects. Finally, BAG was compared between cognitively stable and declining individuals and subsequently used to predict disease progression. Results: MRI (mean absolute error, 2.49 y) and 18F-FDG PET (mean absolute error, 2.60 y) both estimated chronologic age well. At the SCD stage, MRI-based BAG correlated significantly with beta-amyloid1-42 (Aβ1-42) in cerebrospinal fluid, whereas 18F-FDG PET BAG correlated with memory performance. At the MCI stage, both BAGs were associated with memory and executive function performance and cerebrospinal fluid Aβ1-42, but only MRI-derived BAG correlated with phosphorylated-tau181/Aβ1-42 Lastly, MRI-estimated BAG predicted MCI-to-AD progression better than 18F-FDG PET-estimated BAG (areas under the curve, 0.73 and 0.60, respectively). Conclusion: Age was reliably estimated from MRI or 18F-FDG PET. MRI BAG reflected cognitive and pathologic markers of AD in SCD and MCI, whereas 18F-FDG PET BAG was sensitive mainly to early cognitive impairment, possibly constituting an independent biomarker of brain age-related changes.
A B S T R A C T      A new class of anti-spasmodic compounds having two branch chains is provided.  The compounds have the general formula:                             where R is selected from the group consisting of:                ,                ,                ,                ,             ,         wherein q is an integer from 1 to 4,   ,   ,   and    .    The total number of carbon atoms in R is equal to or less than 20.  Furthermore, m is an integer from 1 to 4, n is an integer from 1 to 4, and p is an integer from 1 to 4.  X may be nonexistent or may be O, S, NH or CH2 or salts thereof.  However, when X is nonexistent the termi-nal group in both the n-chain and the p-chain is a methyl group.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new compound comprising specific Nδ-substituted amino ornithine derivative capable of activating ad reinforcing a metabolic pathway of ornithine in urea cycle, useful for therapy of hyperammonemia. SOLUTION: This compound is expressed by the formula (R1 and R2 are each H, a lower alkyl or the like), for example, Nδ-amino ornithine. The compound of the formula is obtained by carrying out a condensation of an oxo oxazoline derivative of glutamic acid of the formula with a derivative of hydrazine utilizing 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide as a condensing agent, under the presence of a base (e.g. trimethylamine or the like), in a solvent (e.g., dichloromethane or the like), at room temperature. The product compound is selectively reduced at the acid-amide part. The reduction is carried out in an organic solvent (e.g. tetrahydrofuran or the like) and using a reducing agent (e.g. sodium borohydride or the like). The compound is obtained by protecting the amino group of the product, ring opening by a base and removing the protecting gourd.
Although spastic paraplegia type 7 is considered to be a recessive disease, some clinical observations also argue for a detrimental effect of a variant in SPG7 in the heterozygous state. Thus, the presence of a single mutated variant of the SPG7 gene could be a risk factor for the development of neurological diseases. This has important implications for genetic counseling of patients and for the understanding of the function of the SPG7 protein and the mechanisms of disease development. To date there have been no studies to specifically explore the pathogenic role of single heterozygous variants in the SPG7 gene.

The aim of this project is to fully characterize different models expressing single heterozygous SPG7 mutations in order to detect phenotypical, biological or functional alterations. In particular, the investigators will conduct analysis on fibroblasts from symptomatic patients with mutations in the SPG7 gene (homozygous, compound heterozygous or single heterozygous), and controls. Cellular models will be particularly useful in order to study an alteration in calcium homeostasis and in the response to ER stressors. In parallel, studies will be performed using the genetic animal model of Drosophila melanogaster.
Formulations and uses of extracts of  Curcuma longa  L. plants for safe use topically, orally, rectally, or vaginally, for example, are provided. A sunscreen containing an extract of  Curcuma longa  L. is provided, the sunscreen having an absorption that spans the UVA and UVB ranges in a manner that meets updated FDA recommendations without requiring the addition of titanium dioxide. A process of producing the extract is also provided, using an extraction solvent that is at least substantially non-toxic and useful also as a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in liquid dosage forms. The extraction process also produces a significantly higher yield from a single extraction than the state-of-the-art. Liquid dosage forms can be produced directly from the extraction process without requiring removal of the extraction solvent, reducing complexity and cost of processing over the state-of-the-art. Microemulsions and nanoemulsions are also provided to enhance the bioavailability and stability of the extracts.
Excision alone for treating recurrent pterygium was reported to be at risk of high recurrence again. As one of adjunctive methods, intraoperative application of a single dose of mitomycin C (MMC) seems to be the most commonly used method for preventing recurrence of pterygium. Additionally, closure of conjunctival defect after excision of pterygium by limbal conjunctival autograft or amniotic membrane have also become popular in recent years. There are a few reports in which MMC combined either limbal conjunctival autograft (LCAG) or amniotic membrane graft (AMG) for the treatment of recurrent pterygium. To assess the effectiveness and safety of these two combined approaches, the investigator plans to work on a randomized comparative and prospective trial of recurrent pterygium extensive excision with intraoperative 0.02% MMC application comparing LCAG to AMG.The patients enrolled in this study will be followed for at least 12 months after the surgery. Recurrence was defined as fibrovascular tissue crossing the limbus on to the clear cornea in the area of previous pterygium excision.
PURPOSE: A pharmaceutical agent containing a Poncirus trifoliata Rafin. extract which specifically inhibits proliferation of hepatitis virus and has low toxicity to live cells is provided. Because the agent has low toxicity to human body and an excellent effect on inhibition of hepatitis C virus polymerize while inhibiting proliferation of hepatitis C virus in dependence on the concentration thereof, it is very useful as a therapeutic agent for hepatitis. CONSTITUTION: Poncirus trifoliata Rafin. is extracted with methanol or ethanol and then concentrated with n-hexane to produce a fraction, which is separated in a column with a mixed solvent of ethylacetate and n-hexane in a ratio of 1:3 to 1:1. A therapeutically effective amount of the Poncirus trifoliata Rafin. extract is 0.1 to 100mg/kg, preferably 1 to 10mg/kg.