anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
With aging populations in many countries, including Japan, efforts to mitigate the aging-related decline in physical function have gained importance not only for improving individual quality of life but also for mitigating the effects of this loss of function on society. Impaired glucose tolerance, muscle weakness, and cognitive decline are well-known effects of aging. These interrelated factors can create a vicious cycle because impaired glucose tolerance can accelerate muscle weakness and cognitive decline. Unmodulated 40 Hz (u40Hz) stimulation is imperceptible to the human ear and has been reported to improve cognitive function in humans and mice. However, research on the effects of u40Hz stimulation is still limited. This study aimed to report the effects of u40Hz stimulation on glucose tolerance and muscle strength in senescence-accelerated prone (SAMP)-10 mice, a model of accelerated aging. SAMP-10 mice underwent five weeks of u40Hz stimulation followed by glucose-tolerance tests, cognitive and behavioral assessments, and frailty evaluations. In comparison with the control group, the u40Hz-stimulation group showed mitigation of age-related decline in glucose tolerance, a better frailty index (FI), and notably preserved muscle strength. Microarray analysis of stimulated muscle tissue revealed significant upregulation of β-oxidation genes and genes functioning downstream of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and significant downregulation of clock genes. These findings indicate the beneficial effects of u40Hz stimulation on glucose tolerance, muscle strength, and cognitive function, warranting further research in this area.
As there was not placebo breathing control treatment appropriate to yoga breathing technique, relaxation technique was decided to apply in the second group to equalize psychological effects of the treatment. Progressive relaxation technique was taught to the relaxation group during the same training span.A three days of applied training program and Relaxation Technique Application Guide, including steps of progressive relaxation technique, were prepared within this scope. After completing three days of training and observations regarding their accomplishment of applications properly, a relaxing music to listen during applications and a training video involving progressive relaxation directives were downloaded to smartphones of the patients. Also, Relaxation Technique Application Guide involving application steps were distributed to the patients. The patients were required to apply relaxation technique, in company with the video, 20 min every day and a month in total.
OBJECTIVE: The first objective was to evaluate the effect of using less censored (i.e., exact and interval-censored) data on thoracic injury risk curves and the resulting injury probabilities. The second objective was to generate new injury risk curves to predict Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) 3+ rib fractures based on chest deflection.
METHODS: Two data sets consisting of postmortem human surrogate (PMHS) tests with multipoint chest deflection measurements were compiled: A less censored data set consisting of exact and interval-censored data and a doubly censored data set consisting of left- and right-censored data. Chest deflection data from both data sets were processed in a consistent manner to calculate the maximum deflections at different locations across the chest. Survival analysis methods were used to generate nonparametric and parametric injury risk curves for serious skeletal injury. The total sample sizes and proportions of less censored data used to generate the risk curves were varied for each curve to evaluate the effects of sample size and less censored data on risk curve shape and predicted injury thresholds.
RESULTS: Increasing the proportion of less censored data resulted in steeper injury risk curves and a higher predicted risk for a given amount of deflection. Differences in injury risk were more pronounced in the upper half of the injury risk curves. Introducing less censored data also produced narrower confidence intervals. At a total sample size of 79, increasing the percentage of less censored data from 0 to 30 had minimal effect on the shape of the risk curve.
CONCLUSIONS: Doubly censored chest deflection data have historically been used to generate thoracic injury risk curves for frontal motor vehicle crash events. This study found that incorporating less censored data into thoracic injury risk curves meaningfully affected the shape of the injury risk curves and their resulting injury risk predictions. All of the injury risk curves generated in the study predicted a lower threshold for serious rib fracture injury compared to previously developed injury risks curves that are currently in use in the field. Based on the results of this study, adding less censored data to injury risk curves should be strongly considered to improve thoracic injury risk curve prediction and confidence, especially for smaller sample sizes.
A premixed acidic solution contains two single-chain insulin analogues. One has isoelectric point between 6.5 and 8.0 (SCI-A) and the other has isoelectric point between 4.5 and 6.0 (SCI-B), such that biphasic basal and prandial insulin activity is provided on subcutaneous injection. Each protein is an analogue of a mammalian insulin, such as human insulin, with insertion of engineered C domain of length 5-11 residues; the respective C domains of SCI-A and SCI-B may be different. SCI-A contains a Glycine, Alanine, Serine or Glutamine substitution at position A21 and may contain a basic residue at position A8 and Glutamine at position B13. SCI-B may contain a non-beta-branched substitution at position A8, either Alanine or Glutamic Acid at position A14, and substitutions at positions B28 and/or B29 to confer rapid action. A method of treating a patient comprises administering the insulin analogue or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof to a patient.
Common genetic variants and susceptibility loci associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been discovered through large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS), GWAS by proxy (GWAX) and meta-analysis of GWAS and GWAX (GWAS+GWAX). However, due to the very low repeatability of AD susceptibility loci and the low heritability of AD, these AD genetic findings have been questioned. We summarize AD genetic findings from the past 10 years and provide a new interpretation of these findings in the context of statistical heterogeneity. We discovered that only 17% of AD risk loci demonstrated reproducibility with a genome-wide significance of P < 5.00E-08 across all AD GWAS and GWAS+GWAX datasets. We highlighted that the AD GWAS+GWAX with the largest sample size failed to identify the most significant signals, the maximum number of genome-wide significant genetic variants or maximum heritability. Additionally, we identified widespread statistical heterogeneity in AD GWAS+GWAX datasets, but not in AD GWAS datasets. We consider that statistical heterogeneity may have attenuated the statistical power in AD GWAS+GWAX and may contribute to explaining the low repeatability (17%) of genome-wide significant AD susceptibility loci and the decreased AD heritability (40-2%) as the sample size increased. Importantly, evidence supports the idea that a decrease in statistical heterogeneity facilitates the identification of genome-wide significant genetic loci and contributes to an increase in AD heritability. Collectively, current AD GWAX and GWAS+GWAX findings should be meticulously assessed and warrant additional investigation, and AD GWAS+GWAX should employ multiple meta-analysis methods, such as random-effects inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis, which is designed specifically for statistical heterogeneity.
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition containing lactone compounds is provided to suppress melanogenesis without cytotoxicity. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for skin whitening contains lactone compounds of chemical formula 1 as an active ingredient. The lactone compound is 1-O-acetyl-4R,6S-britannilactone of chemical formula 2. The lactone compound is 1-hydroxy-4R,6S-britannilactone of chemical formula 3. The compounds are isolated from Inula britannica var. linariifolia (Turcz.) Regel. A cosmetic composition for skin whitening contains the lactone compounds of chemical formula 1 as an active ingredient.
Both tolerance and physical dependence can develop during chronic opioid therapy. Tolerance is the need for increasing doses of opioids to maintain a defined effect such as analgesia (in the absence of disease progression or other external factors). Tolerance may occur to both the desired and undesired effects of drugs, and may develop at different rates for different effects. 

Physical dependence is a physiological state in which the body adapts to the drug after a period of regular exposure, resulting in withdrawal symptoms after abrupt discontinuation or a significant dosage reduction of a drug. Withdrawal also may be precipitated through the administration of drugs with opioid antagonist activity (e.g., naloxone, nalmefene), mixed agonist/antagonist analgesics (e.g., pentazocine, butorphanol, nalbuphine), or partial agonists (e.g., buprenorphine). Physical dependence may not occur to a clinically significant degree until after several days to weeks of continued opioid usage. 

Do not abruptly discontinue LORTAB ELIXIR in a patient physically dependent on opioids. Rapid tapering of LORTAB ELIXIR in a patient physically dependent on opioids may lead to serious withdrawal symptoms, uncontrolled pain, and suicide. Rapid discontinuationhas also been associated with attempts to find other sources of opioid analgesics, which may be confused with drug-seeking for abuse. 

When discontinuing LORTAB ELIXIR, gradually taper the dosage using a patient-specific plan that considers the following: the dose of LORTAB ELIXIR the patient has been taking, the duration of treatment, and the physical and psychological attributes of the patient. To improve the likelihood of a successful taper and minimize withdrawal symptoms, it is important that the opioid tapering schedule is agreed upon by the patient. In patients taking opioids for a long duration at high doses, ensure that a multimodal approach to pain management, including mental health support (if needed), is in place prior to initiating an opioid analgesic taper [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, WARNINGS]. 

Infants born to mothers physically dependent on opioids will also be physically dependent and may exhibit respiratory difficulties and withdrawal signs [see PRECAUTIONS; Pregnancy].
a. Study type: multicenter randomized crossover trial: i. prospective inclusion of consecutive patients undergoing first follow-up surveillance colonoscopy after successful EMR of colorectal lesion; ii. crossover randomization by computer generated tables; iii. allocation concealment by sealed, opaque envelopes; iv. pathologist-blinded - pathologists are blinded to the study protocol and samples are received as 'EMR scar for assessment' .

b. Selection patient method: inclusion by invitation of patients undergoing the first follow-up surveillance colonoscopy after successful EMR of colorectal lesion.

c. Sample size: 210 (two groups of 105 patients). To improve accuracy from 85% (value obtained by a study that did not show significant differences in the accuracy of NBI followed by WLE vs. WLE followed by NBI) to 95% and assuming a normal distribution and a power of 80% (α=0.05), the calculated sample size of each of the 2 groups was 96; allowing for a 10% dropout rate, the sample size is 105 per group (210 patients overall).

d. Procedures and data collection methods: i. Each procedure is performed by the same endoscopist. ii. All patients receive split dose bowel preparation. iii. All colonoscopies are performed using high definition colonoscopes with NBI ( EVIS EXERA III CV 185 and CV 190; Olympus Inc., Tokyo, Japan). iv. Colon inspection is done with WLE during withdrawal. v. At the proximity of the scar WLE and NBI were used randomly one after the other (WLE\>NBI or NBI\>WLE). If NBI is the first technique used, it is switched prior to scar detection, avoiding, as far as possible, a glance with WLE. The edges of the scar are interrogated followed by the centre of the scar and finding are recorded. vi. After both evaluations, if there is no suspicion of recurrence, the site is sampled by at least 2 biopsies of the scar edge. If there is any suspicion of recurrence, tissue sample is obtained and then treated by endoscopic resection using standard methods. At least 2 biopsies specimens from normal appearing scar are also obtained.

e. Analysed variables: i. patient characteristics; ii. data from baseline colonoscopy; iii. data from first surveillance colonoscopy (see outcome measures).

f. Statistical analysis: i. Performed using statistical software IBM SPSS Statistics, Version 25.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. ii. Continuous variables are reported as mean and standard deviation or median and interquartile range, if they have normal or not normal distribution, respectively; categorical variables as absolute and relative frequency. iii. Continuous variables are compared between two groups using Student's T test if they have a normal distribution and homogeneity of variance or Mann-Whitney U if these conditions are not met. Categorical variables are compared using Pearson's X2 test or Fisher test. iv. Sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values and accuracy are calculated using 2x2 contingency tables. v. All hypotheses are two-tailed and a P-value\<0.05 is considered statistically significant.
BACKGROUND: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, with high incidence and poor prognosis. Revealing mechanisms of ESCC progression and developing new therapeutic targets remains crucial. The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanism of miR-30c-5p in regulating the malignant progression of ESCC.
METHODS: TCGA, GEO, and other datasets were used to analyze the differential expression of miR-30c-5p in ESCC and adjacent tissues, and its impact on prognosis. Then the effects of miR-30c-5p on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of TE-1 and Eca9706 cells were investigated through proliferation experiments, transwell and wounding healing assays. The regulatory mechanism of miR-30c-5p on the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and its interaction in cancer progression were investigated through Western blots, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and rescue experiments.
RESULTS: miR-30c-5p was significantly downregulated in ESCC tissue and represented a poor prognosis. miR-30c-5p mimic significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of ESCC, while miR-30c-5p inhibitor significantly promoted tumor cell progression. Through bioinformatic analysis and experimental results, miR-30c-5p interacted directly with PIK3CA mRNA and inhibited subsequent signaling pathway activation. PIK3CA activator could eliminate the inhibitory effects of miR-30c-5p mimic on the progression of ESCC, while PIK3CA inhibitors could rescue the promoting effect of miR-30c-5p inhibitor group cells.
CONCLUSIONS: In summary, we found that miR-30c-5p inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of ESCC by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway for the first time, and this study is expected to provide a novel insight and potential therapeutic target for managing ESCC.
BACKGROUND: Machine perfusion is an organ preservation strategy used to improve function over simple storage in a cold environment. This article presents an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of machine perfusion in deceased donor kidneys.
METHODS: RCTs from November 2018 to July 2023 comparing machine perfusion versus static cold storage in kidney transplantation were evaluated for systematic review. The primary outcome in meta-analysis was delayed graft function.
RESULTS: A total 19 studies were included, and 16 comparing hypothermic machine perfusion with static cold storage were analysed. The risk of delayed graft function was lower with hypothermic machine perfusion (risk ratio (RR) 0.77, 95% c.i. 0.69 to 0.86), even in kidneys after circulatory death (RR 0.78, 0.68 to 0.90) or brain death (RR 0.73, 0.63 to 0.84). Full hypothermic machine perfusion decreased the risk of delayed graft function (RR 0.69, 0.60 to 0.79), whereas partial hypothermic machine perfusion did not (RR 0.92, 0.69 to 1.22). Normothermic machine perfusion or short-term oxygenated hypothermic machine perfusion preservation after static cold storage was equivalent to static cold storage in terms of delayed graft function and 1-year graft survival.
CONCLUSION: Hypothermic machine perfusion reduces delayed graft function risks and normothermic approaches show promise.
BACKGROUD: Arsenic trioxide (ATO), the first-line drug in treating acute premyelogenous leukemia, has the profound side effect of inducing endothelial mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and causing cardiac fibrosis. Diosgenin (DIO), a pharmaceutical compound found in Paris polyphylla, exhibits promising potential in safeguarding cardiovascular health by mitigating EndMT.
PURPOSE: This study aims to explore the role and mechanism of DIO in ATO-induced myocardial fibrosis to provide a novel therapeutic agent for ATO-induced cardiac fibrosis.
METHODS: Wistar rats were given DIO by gavage and ATO by tail vein. Cardiac function and fibrosis were evaluated by echocardiography and Masson's trichrome staining in rats. Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were utilized to analyze ATO-induced EndMT in vitro. The cytoskeleton of HAECs was visualized using F-actin staining to observe cell morphology, while Dil-Ac-LDL staining was employed to assess cell functionality. EndMT-related factors (CD31 and α-SMA), glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, GR was knocked down by si-GR, and IL-6 was blocked by IL-6 neutralizing antibody to verify their role in the effect of DIO on ATO-induced EndMT in HAECs.
RESULTS: DIO exhibited significant efficacy in ATO-induced damage to both cardiac diastolic and systolic function, along with mitigating cardiac fibrosis. Additionally, DIO alleviated the loss of cytoskeletal anisotropy and enhanced the uptake of Dil-Ac-LDL in HAECs. Furthermore, it reversed the ATO-induced downregulation of endothelial-specific markers CD31 and GR, while suppressing the upregulation of mesenchymal markers α-SMA and IL-6, both in vivo and in vitro. Notably, the protective effect of DIO was compromised upon knockdown of GR, which also led to a reversal of DIO-induced IL-6 downregulation. Furthermore, the neutralization of IL-6 with specific antibodies abolished the ATO-induced changes related to EndMT.
CONCLUSION: In this study, we clarified the protective effect of DIO on ATO-induced myocardial fibrosis against EndMT via the GR/IL-6 axis for the first time and provided a potential therapeutic agent for preventing heart damage caused by ATO.
Systems and methods for managing surgical sponges. A dispenser assembly coupled to a main support includes an internal or first storage location to removably receive a carton of sponge sorters, and an external or second storage location to removably support a carton of surgical draping. At least one arm may be supported on the housing and movable between an undeployed position and a deployed position. The arm may include weighing means to measure a weight of the surgical sponge being disposed in a sponge sorter supported by the arm. The arm may be a cantilever and a beam load cell may be disposed within a channel of a beam. A processor may determine fluid weight based on measured weight and dry weight correlated with the surgical sponge being counted out as detected with a data reader. The processor may estimate blood loss to be displayed on a display.
A history and physical exam will be taken at 3-month intervals. Any changes in history or physical condition will be documented.
Granulomatous mastitis is a rare, chronic, benign inflammatory disease of the breast that plays a role in many varying aetiology, including infectious and non-infectious causes. This disease can clinically and radiographically mimic breast cancer, which can pose a diagnostic challenge as well as concern during evaluation. A nonspecific inflammatory response, 'granuloma' is defined as necrosis or infiltration of other inflammatory leukocytes, with or without mononuclear phagocyte collection. It is thought to be caused by infectious agents or foreign substances that activate the immune system, leading to granuloma formation. Some of the known inflammatory etiologies of granulomatous mastitis are autoimmune diseases such as tuberculosis (most commonly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis), sarcoidosis, fungal infection and granulomatosis with polyangiitis and giant cell arteritis. These diseases cannot be distinguished clinically, pathologically, and radiographically from idiopathic granulomatous mastitis.In this study, we aimed to investigate lymphocyte subtypes in patients with granulomatous mastitis and to evaluate the differences in cell populations and its usability as a predictive marker in diagnosis.
Firstly, ten healthy children will participate in a trial to evaluate the pneuRIP. They will be fitted with the bands around their abdomen and chest. The pneuRIP will be connected to the bands through electrodes. Breathing is then measured wirelessly with an iPad. They will be asked to lie down. They are asked to breath normally then asked to breath with a resistive elements to place in their mouth. The resistive elements makes it difficult to breath (similar to breathing through a straw). They will breathe for 3 minutes for both conditions as we record their breathing with the pneuRIP and the Respitrace. These data will be compared.

Secondly, A group of 10 subjects from the outpatient muscle clinic will be fitted with the chest and abdomen bands. The Respitrace monitor and the pneuRIP will record their breathing patterns. Data from the two systems will then be compared.
FIELD: veterinary science. SUBSTANCE: preparation consists of biologically active substances extracted from medicinal plant raw, dimexide, synthetic high-molecular polyethylene oxide (carbovax) and synthetic low-molecular polyethylene oxide complexed to adsorption alloy. Preparation is obtained from plant raw by extraction with absolute dimexide at 90-100 C at intensive stirring for two stages: the main extraction is carried out for 1-3 h and additional extraction for 1 h after extract separation. In settled filtered extract polyethylene oxides were dissolved at the same temperature. Ratio of plant raw and dimexide = 1:10. Ratio of components, wt.-%: dimexide phytoextract, 5-15; high-molecular polyethylene-carbovax, 20-40; and low-molecular polyethylene oxide oligomer, up to 100. Preparation shows sterility, stability and analgetic action and can be used for different medicinal formulas preparing (ointment, liniment, suppository) that depends on ratio molecular mass of polyethylene oxides and their quantitative ratio to other components. EFFECT: enhanced quality and effectiveness of preparation. 3 cl, 7 tbl