anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Demineralization (dental decay) around fixed appliance components has been reported to occur in up to 95% of cases where brackets are bonded with composite resins. Although early lesions appear clinically as opaque white or brown areas, if mineral loss continues cavitation will occur. Following appliance removal, the lesions may regress or disappear but may still present an aesthetic problem more than 5 years after appliance removal. Fluoride is known to inhibit lesion development and to enhance remineralization following treatment. Resin-modified glass ionomer cements, which release and absorb fluoride, may be used for bracket bonding thereby offering the possibility of less demineralization around bonded attachments. In addition, these cements appear to behave as reliably as composite in terms of bracket failure rate recorded but these data are from case series rather than optimally designed randomised clinical trials. A bonding agent that can behave as reliably as composite and minimize unwanted enamel demineralization would be optimal; saving on restorative costs that may be required should cavitation occur. From the patients perspective, subjective assessment of treatment outcome is likely to be enhanced as ugly demineralised enamel white lesions will be eliminated.
The present invention relates to the construction of a series of universal adeno-associated viruses (AAV); the vectors comprise pWAV-1, pWAV-2, pSNAV-1 and pSNAV-2. The vectors are commonly characterized in that all the vectors provide ITR at both ends of 2 type AAV, cytomegalovirus (CMV) enhancers and promoters, poly-cloning sites and polyA signals. The present invention provides a method for using the universal AAV vectors to construct AAV vector plasmids carrying exogenous genes. The AAV vector plasmids containing the exogenous genes can be used for producing recombinant AAV and can be directly used as eukaryotic expression plasmids. Except for the common characteristics, the pSNAV-1 and the pSNAV-2 also have neomycin resistance gene expression kits. By using the characteristic, the present invention provides a method for using pSNAV-1 or pSNAV-2 plasmids containing the exogenous genes to establish cell strains stably carrying the AAV vectors. The present invention further provides a method for producing the recombinant AAV of 'one vector cell/one helper virus', namely using infection AAV vector cell strains of a multifunctional helper virus which is previously invented for the large-scale production of the recombinant AAV (applied for patent, application number: 98120033.8) to realize the large-scale production of the recombinant AAV.
An improved process for preparing (4S)-6-fluoro-spiro-[chroman-4,4 min -imidazolidine]-2 min ,5 min -dione (sorbinil) or its (2R)-methyl derivative (2-methylsorbinil) is disclosed herein, starting from p-fluorophenol in each instance. The final products obtained have known pharmaceutical value as agents for the control of certain chronic diabetic complications. Key steps concerned with the process involve converting p-fluorophenol into the appropriate  beta -(4-fluorophenoxy)-alkane halide, followed by amidoalkylation with N-benzoyl or N-(lower alkanoyl)- alpha -hydroxyglycine to form an intermediate 2-amidoalkylated derivative thereof, and then dehydration and spiroalkylation of said intermediate by treatment with a dehydrating agent and a base to yield a spiroalkylated azlactone compound. The latter compound is then subsequently converted to the known 4-amino-6-fluorochroman-4-carboxylic acid or the novel (2R-methyl derivative thereof, both in the form of their hydrohalide acid addition salts, by employing acid hydrolysis and the intermediate spiro-amino acid hydrohalide salt is thereafter converted to the corresponding methyl or ethyl ester and resolved with  alpha -chymotrypsin to afford the desired (S)-methyl or (S)-ethyl ester. Treatment of either of these latter two esters with an alkali metal cyanate in an acid medium then effects conversion of same to the desired spiro-hydantoin ring compound. Alternatively, the spiro-amino acid hydrohalide salt can also be converted to the desired spiro-hydantoin ring compound in a known manner, involving a sequence of three reaction steps. The spiroalkylated azlactone compound of the instant invention, as well as the methyl and ethyl esters mentioned above, are themselves novel compounds and are valuable as synthetic intermediates in the process of this invention.
BACKGROUND: Precisely identifying high-risk sleep disorder patients and implementing suitable measures are important for decreasing the incidence of sleep disorders. In this study, a nomogram method was adopted to construct a tool to predict sleep disorders in stroke based on four factors: individual characteristics, treatment-related factors, psychological factors, and family-related factors.
METHODS: A total of 450 stroke patients were continuously diagnosed at the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, and the data on participants were randomly distributed into a training set (n = 315) and a validation set (n = 135). Within the training set, using LASSO regression and random forest methods, five optimal predictors of sleep disorders were identified. Five optimal predictors were used to develop a model. The calibration, discrimination, generalization, and clinical applicability of the model were evaluated using calibration curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, internal validation, and decision curve analysis (DCA).
RESULTS: We found that the place of residence, average daily infusion time, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Type D Personality Scale-14 (DS14), and the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) were crucial factors associated with sleep disorders. The validation data showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.903 compared to 0.899 in the training set. There was an approach to the diagonal in the calibration curve of this model, and the results of DCA noted that it is clinically beneficial across a range of thresholds from 5 % to 99 %.
CONCLUSION: A model was developed to predict sleep disorders among stroke patients to help hospital staff evaluate the risk among patients and screen high-risk patients.
Eligible subjects were able to access WELT-IP (an investigational digital therapeutic) on a mobile device (iOS and Android) as scheduled to receive cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). To collect sleep and environmental data, participants will wear the wearable devices, either (1) Apple Watch (Apple Watch Series 8 41mm (GPS)) or Galaxy Watch 5 40mm (Model: SM-R900NZAAKOO), and (2) Oura Ring (Model: Heritage), during the WELT-IP treatment period.
Maternal reports of decreased fetal movement (DFM) are a common reason to present to maternity care and are associated with stillbirth and other adverse outcomes. Promoting awareness of fetal movements and prompt assessment of DFM has been recommended to reduce stillbirths. However, evidence to guide clinical management of such presentations is limited. Educational approaches to increasing awareness of fetal movements in pregnant women and maternity care providers with the aim of reducing stillbirths have recently been evaluated in a several large clinical trials internationally. The International Stillbirth Alliance Virtual Conference in Sydney 2021 provided an opportunity for international experts in fetal movements to share reports on the findings of fetal movement awareness trials, consider evidence for biological mechanisms linking DFM and fetal death, appraise approaches to clinical assessment of DFM, and highlight research priorities in this area. Following this workshop summaries of the sessions prepared by the authors provide an overview of understandings of fetal movements in maternity care at the current time and highlights future directions in fetal movement research.
The patient's condition should be evaluated carefully, particularly as to renal and cardiovascular function. When renal, cerebral, or coronary blood flow is deficient, any additional impairment, which might result from added hypotension, must be avoided. The use of INVERSINE1 in patients with marked cerebral and coronary arteriosclerosis or after a recent cerebral accident requires caution.

The action of INVERSINE1 may be potentiated by excessive heat, fever, infection, hemorrhage, pregnancy, anethesia, surgery, vigorous exercise, other antihypertensive drugs, alcohol, and salt depletion as a result of diminished intake or increased excretion due to diarrhea, vomiting, excessive sweating, or diuretics.

During therapy with INVERSINE1, sodium intake should not be restricted but, if necessary, the dosage of the ganglion blocker must be adjusted.

Since urinary retention may occur in patients on ganglion blockers, caution is required in patients with prostatic hypertrophy, bladder neck obstruction, and urethral stricture.

Frequent loose bowel movements with abdominal distention and decreased borborygmi may be the first signs of paralytic ileus. If these are present, INVERSINE1 should be discontinued immediately and remedial steps taken.
Patients undergo DART with/without mucosal sparing BID on days 1-12 Monday-Friday for a total of 20 fractions within 8 weeks of standard of care surgery. Patients receive concurrent docetaxel IV over 1 hour on days 1 and 8 (Mondays preferred). Treatment continues in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo MBSS at pre-op, 2 weeks post-op, and 3 and 12 months post-treatment. Patients also undergo CT, PET/CT, or MRI at baseline and 3 months and 1, 2 and 5 years post treatment. Patients undergo blood specimen collection for NavDx testing at pre-op, 1-2 days post-op, 2 weeks post-op, end of RT, and 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 30, 36, 48, and 60 months as well as saliva sample collection at pre-op, end of RT, and any clinical recurrence.
Anxiety is common in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and has a negative effect on several motor symptoms and quality of life in general. So far, there is no treatment, neither pharmacological nor psychotherapeutic, that intends to specifically reduce anxiety symptoms in PD. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for anxiety disorders in patients without PD. In PD, CBT is an effective treatment for depression and for impulse control disorders (ICD). PD patients who received CBT for depression reported not only a reduction in depression and comorbid anxiety, but also a beneficial influence on coping and quality of life, compared to PD patients who only received clinical monitoring. In addition to the clinical effectiveness, several studies have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of CBT on functional neural activity. The two most common anxiety disorders in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD): generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) are both characterized by dysfunctional connectivity between limbic areas (among which the amygdala) and the frontal cortex. Recent functional imaging studies have shown that CBT can alter neural correlates of affective processing by increasing functional connectivity between limbic and frontal cortices. The present study aims to study the clinical effectiveness of a CBT module for the treatment of the two most common anxiety disorders in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD): generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). The CBT module will be based on existing modules for anxiety disorders in non-PD patients, and on modules for depression and ICD in PD patients. In addition, the investigators aim to get more insight into biological dysfunction associated with anxiety in PD, as well as alterations in brain structure, brain function and cerebral connectivity due to CBT. The investigators will study the biological correlates of successful treatment by using structural and functional magnetic resonance-imaging (MRI) scanning. The present study further aims to study the long term clinical effectiveness of the CBT module, measured by the change anxiety score after 3 and 6 months follow-up.
The present invention relates to a kind of oxirane modification sheath stamen oil antiseptic and preparation method thereof. Preparation method comprises that the hydroxyl adopting in BFEE catalysis sheath stamen oil reacts with epoxyethane ring-expansion polymerization. This preparation method's synthetic route is simple, and reaction temperature is low, and the reaction time is short. The modification sheath stamen oil antiseptic of preparation has good water-soluble, and has kept the good anti-microbial property of sheath stamen oil itself, and antimicrbial power is strong, has a broad antifungal spectrum, and the term of validity is long, and security is good. This antiseptic can be widely used in the antibacterial anticorrosion of the products such as shampoo, shower cream, hand cleanser, liquid detergent, toner, wet tissue. Effective additive capacity of antiseptic is 1.0～5.0% of product gross mass.
In children and adolescents 8 to 17 years of age with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, the safety and effectiveness of CRESTOR as an adjunct to diet to reduce total cholesterol, LDL-C, and ApoB levels when, after an adequate trial of diet therapy, LDL-C exceeds 190 mg/dL or when LDL-C exceeds 160 mg/dL and there is a positive family history of premature CVD or two or more other CVD risk factors, were established in one controlled trial and in one open-label, uncontrolled trial [see Clinical Studies (14.7)]. The long-term efficacy of CRESTOR therapy initiated in childhood to reduce morbidity and mortality in adulthood has not been established.

The safety and effectiveness of CRESTOR in children and adolescents 10 to 17 years of age with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia were evaluated in a controlled clinical trial of 12 weeks duration followed by 40 weeks of open-label exposure. Patients treated with 5 mg, 10 mg, and 20 mg daily CRESTOR had an adverse experience profile generally similar to that of patients treated with placebo. There was no detectable effect of CRESTOR on growth, weight, BMI (body mass index), or sexual maturation [see Clinical Studies (14.7)] in children and adolescents (10 to 17 years of age). 

CRESTOR has not been studied in controlled clinical trials involving prepubertal patients or patients younger than 10 years of age with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. However, the safety and effectiveness of CRESTOR were evaluated in a two year open-label uncontrolled trial that included children and adolescents 8 to 17 years of age with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia [see Clinical Studies (14.7)]. The safety and efficacy of CRESTOR in lowering LDL-C appeared generally consistent with that observed for adult patients, despite limitations of the uncontrolled study design.

Children and adolescents 7 to 15 years of age with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia were studied in a 6-week randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study with CRESTOR 20 mg once daily followed by 12 weeks of open-label treatment [see Clinical Studies (14.6)]. In general, the safety profile in this trial was consistent with that of the previously established safety profile in adults.

Although not all adverse reactions identified in the adult population have been observed in clinical trials of children and adolescent patients, the same warnings and precautions for adults should be considered for children and adolescents. Adolescent females should be counseled on appropriate contraceptive methods while on CRESTOR therapy [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].
BACKGROUND: High positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP>10 cmH2O) is commonly used in mechanically ventilated hypoxemic patients with COVID-19. However, some epidemiological and physiological studies indirectly suggest that using a lower PEEP may primarily and beneficially decrease lung hyperinflation in this population. Herein we directly quantified the effect of decreasing PEEP from 15 to 10 cmH2O on lung hyperinflation and collapse in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19.
METHODS: Twenty mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 underwent a lung computed tomography (CT) at PEEP of 15 and 10 cmH2O. The effect of decreasing PEEP on lung hyperinflation and collapse was directly quantified as the change in the over-aerated (density below -900 HU) and non-aerated (density above -100 HU) lung volumes. The net response to decreasing PEEP was computed as the sum of the change in those two compartments and expressed as the change in the "pathologic" lung volume. If the pathologic lung volume decreased (i.e., hyperinflation decreased more than collapse increased) when PEEP was decreased, the net response was considered positive; otherwise, it was considered negative.
RESULTS: On average, the ratio of arterial tension to inspiratory fraction of oxygen (PaO2:FiO2) in the overall study population was 137 (119-162) mmHg. In 11 (55%) patients, the net response to decreasing PEEP was positive. Their over-aerated lung volume decreased by 159 (98-186) mL, while the non-aerated lung volume increased by only 58 (31-91) mL. In nine (45%) patients, the net response was negative. Their over-aerated lung volume decreased by 46 (18-72) mL, but their non-aerated lung volume increased by 107 (44-121) mL.
CONCLUSION: In 20 patients with COVID-19 the net response to decreasing PEEP, as assessed with lung CT, was variable. In approximately half of them it was positive (and possibly beneficial), with a decrease in hyperinflation larger than the increase in collapse.
Targretin gel 1% may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman.

Targretin gel must not be given to a pregnant woman or a woman who intends to become pregnant. If a woman becomes pregnant while taking Targretin gel, Targretin gel must be stopped immediately and the woman given appropriate counseling.

Bexarotene caused malformations when administered orally to pregnant rats during days 7-17 of gestation. Developmental abnormalities included incomplete ossification at 4 mg/kg/day and cleft palate, depressed eye bulge/microphthalmia, and small ears at 16 mg/kg/day. At doses greater than 10 mg/kg/day, bexarotene caused developmental mortality. The no-effect oral dose in rats was 1 mg/kg/day. Plasma bexarotene concentrations in patients with CTCL applying Targretin gel 1% were generally less than one hundredth the Cmax associated with dysmorphogenesis in rats, although some patients had Cmax levels that were approximately one eighth the concentration associated with dysmorphogenesis in rats.

Women of child-bearing potential should be advised to avoid becoming pregnant when Targretin gel is used. The possibility that a woman of child-bearing potential is pregnant at the time therapy is instituted should be considered. A negative pregnancy test (e.g., serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, beta-HCG) with a sensitivity of at least 50 mIU/L should be obtained within one week prior to Targretin gel therapy, and the pregnancy test must be repeated at monthly intervals while the patient remains on Targretin gel. Effective contraception must be used for one month prior to the initiation of therapy, during therapy and for at least one month following discontinuation of therapy; it is recommended that two reliable forms of contraception be used simultaneously unless abstinence is the chosen method. Male patients with sexual partners who are pregnant, possibly pregnant, or who could become pregnant must use condoms during sexual intercourse while applying Targretin gel and for at least one month after the last dose of drug. Targretin gel therapy should be initiated on the second or third day of a normal menstrual period. No more than a one month supply of Targretin gel should be given to the patient so that the results of pregnancy testing can be assessed and counseling regarding avoidance of pregnancy and birth defects can be reinforced.
Fludarabine Phosphate for Injection, USP contains fludarabine phosphate USP, a fluorinated nucleotide analog of the antiviral agent vidarabine, 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A) that is relatively resistant to deamination by adenosine deaminase. Each vial of sterile lyophilized solid cake contains 50 mg of the active ingredient fludarabine phosphate, 50 mg of mannitol, and sodium hydroxide to adjust pH to 7.7. The pH range for the final product is 7.2 to 8.2. Reconstitution with 2 mL of Sterile Water for Injection, USP, results in a solution containing 25 mg/mL of fludarabine phosphate intended for intravenous administration.

The chemical name for fludarabine phosphate is 9H-Purin-6-amine, 2-fluoro-9-(5-0-phosphono-β-D-arabino-furanosyl) (2-fluoro-ara-AMP). The molecular formula of fludarabine phosphate is C10H13FN5O7P (MW 365.2) and the structure is:
In the sham condition, subjects will be asked to wear the device for 1 hour per day for 2 weeks. During 1 hour use per day, the actual stimulation will last only 1 minute and then will shut off.
This is a multi-center, open-label (doctors and patients know which drug is being given), Phase IIa clinical trial to evaluate the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile, safety and tolerability of TMC125 dosed once daily with tenofovir/emtricitabine with and without darunavir/ritonavir in antiretroviral naive HIV-1 infected patients. There will be an optional open-label extension phase to evaluate effectiveness, safety and tolerability of continued tenofovir/emtricitabine with darunavir/ritonavir all dosed once daily for 48 weeks. This study will be conducted in the United States at up to 5 sites where 20 patients will initially receive TMC125 400mg with tenofovir DF/emtricitabine FDC 300/200 mg all dosed once daily for 14 days. On Day 15, a blood sample will be obtained and intensive TMC125 pharmacokinetic (PK) values and fasting lipids (check of total cholesterol, direct LDL, HDL, triglycerides) following a 10 hour fast (no eating) will be assessed. Patients will then add darunavir / ritonavir 800/100 mg once a day to the regimen for Days 15 - 29. On Day 29 intensive PK sampling for TMC125, darunavir and ritonavir will be performed and fasting lipids will be evaluated. On Day 29, patients will discontinue TMC125 and continue darunavir/ritonavir 800/100 mg and tenofovir DF/emtricitabine FDC 300/200 mg all dosed once daily. On Day 43, fasting lipids will be assessed. At this point, patients may enter the optional open-label extension phase of the study and continue treatment with darunavir/ritonavir 800mg/100 mg and tenofovir DF/emtricitabine FDC 300/200mg all dosed once daily through 48 total weeks of treatment. The study will consist of a total of 8 visits including 2 intensive PK visits. Within 4 weeks after the Screening Visit, the study site should have received all data to determine a patient's eligibility for the study. The Baseline Visit (Day 1) will be followed by a study visit on Day 8. An intensive PK visit will occur on Day 15. After modification of therapy on Day 15, a study visit will occur on Day 22. A second intensive PK visit will occur on Day 29. On Day 43 a study visit will occur at which point study therapy will be discontinued unless the patient elects to continue in the optional open label extension phase of the study. Patients electing to continue in the open-label extension will have 4 additional study visits at Week 12, 24, 36 and 48. All patients will be asked to return for a 4-week follow-up visit after the completion of study treatment.

During the treatment period, the patient will be seen at regular visits during which the investigator will assess the patient's medical condition, any Adverse Events and study drug compliance. Laboratory evaluations for effectiveness and safety will be done at regular visits as well as blood pressure monitoring. All patients will receive TMC125 400 mg orally (by mouth) once daily. Tenofovir DF 300mg/emtricitabine 200mg will be dosed once daily orally as the fixed dose combination. Darunavir/ritonavir will be dosed 800/100 mg orally once daily. All doses should be administered following a meal.