anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Many women have pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain (PPGP), and about 30% with PPGP women still complain of pain after 1-year postpartum. Both physical and mental functions of PPGP women are impaired. Pelvic stabilization exercise with pelvic floor muscle training is believed to be effective for reducing pain and improved pelvic stability. However, intervention studies on PPGP women is limited and current evidence are controversial. Incorrect pelvic floor muscle activations may be partly contributed to these results. One previous study has showed about 60% of women cannot activate pelvic floor muscles correctly. Transabdominal sonography-guided biofeedback by observing bladder movements is no-invasive and benefit learning correct muscle contraction. Therefore, the main purposes for this study are to investigate the effects of pelvic stabilization training using transabdominal sonography-guided biofeedback in postpartum women with PPGP. A total of 50 postpartum PPGP women will be randomized into one of the two groups: (1) biofeedback group, (2) exercise group, (3) control group, and (4) health group. Subjects in the biofeedback group and exercise group will perform the same exercise training for 8 weeks except the subjects in the biofeedback group will receive transabdominal sonography-guided biofeedback of bladder movement for the first 4 weeks. The outcome assessment will include the muscle thickness of abdominal muscle and pelvic floor muscle control, functional performance of ASLR fatigue task, timed up and go and fast walking, pelvic girdle questionnaire (PGQ), and numeric rating scale (NRS). It is anticipated that the biofeedback group will have more improvements that the exercise group.
The pelvic examination has been a worrisome examination for women since the initial years of gynecology science until today. Intense anxieties experienced by the patients during this examination include primarily, shame and fear of pain or pathology. Reasons such as lack of information about the gynecologic examination, previously established myths by the patient, the speculum being cold, the doctor's attitude, and the position of the examination are also among the reasons why the woman during the examination experienced anxiety. The form of gynecologic examination has varied to a large extent to this day and the examination has begun to be performed in the lithotomy position upon the invention of gynecologic examination tables. It is important that the gynecologist informs patients about the vaginal examination to be performed in this position or healthcare professionals provide short training to them. Information training typically involves the explanation of the vaginal examination and of the pelvic anatomy. The training is aimed to provide relaxation and render the examination more comfortable by explaining pelvic anatomy and pelvic floor muscles. It has been observed that these training which is provided before the interview form pelvic floor relaxation and cause less pain in the patient during the vaginal examination. Patients receiving proper and adequate training are able to understand their own complaints better and manage their disease/examination better. Patient training reduces anxiety and helps to create a more comfortable examination environment.

Previous studies have discussed patient anxieties experienced during interventions such as radiological imaging, endoscopy, colonoscopy, bronchoscopy, and invasive cardiac interventions. Short informative videos that do not cause any cost loss or harm, increase the tolerance with these applications and reduce patient anxiety. Additionally, many studies have emphasized that doctors have no time to provide information training for the vaginal examination while conducting their intense practices. Information that cannot be provided before the gynecologic examination due to limited time causes pelvic pain in women due to the anxiety experienced during the examination. The concept of chronic pelvic pain is defined as a non-cyclical pain that lasts longer than six months and develops in the pelvis and the area below the umbilicus and between the gluteal lines. Pelvic pain is observed depending on the excessive activity of pelvic floor muscles during the examination in patients who have a fear of the gynecologic examination.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of multimedia education provided before the gynecologic examination on the patient's pelvic pain, anxiety, and fear.
The treatment of diabetes type 2 is a major challenge for the health care system. According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), around 382 million people between the ages of 20 and 79 are currently affected worldwide. The presence of diabetes is associated with personal suffering, impaired quality of life and a deficient treatment leads to complications like retinal ablation, neuropathy, nephropathy and the diabetic-foot syndrome. An appropriate treatment is dedicated to the purpose of adjusting the blood glucose, is very complex and involves many areas of life. Internet-administrated psychological interventions are easily accessible and preliminary evidence suggests that online programs promote lifestyle changes, i.e. nutrition and exercises, of people with diabetes mellitus type 2. However, no trial has yet examined weather a CBT-based internet intervention designed to meet the needs of PwDM can achieve sustained improve adherence behavior like nutrition, physical activity and medication intake, when offered as adjunct to treatment as usual.

The internet-based intervention evaluated in this trial was designed with the aim of enhancing adherence to PwDM over a period of 60 days. The intervention focuses issues in disease self-management including lifestyle habits (e.g. nutrition, exercise) and medication adherence. The program comprised psychotherapeutic techniques gleaned primarily from CBT to promote motivation for health behavior, conveying goal setting, mediating knowledge about diabetes (basics, symptoms \& complications, diagnosis, therapy) , and increasing activation to reduce depressive symptoms and increasing mindfulness skills. The delivery and training of content is continuously individualized to match users' preferences and needs, based on responses within the program. The intervention is delivered via the Internet and protected by individually assigned passwords.

This randomized controlled trial will include 300 participants with diabetes mellitus type 2. Participants will be recruited from various settings, including diabetes outpatient treatment centers and internet forums/groups. Methods such as newspaper articles, flyers, posters, and media articles will be used to inform potential participants about the study (all material will be in German). Participants will be screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria via telephone, and randomly assigned to either (1) a treatment group that may use care as usual (CAU) and in addition immediately receives two-month access to the novel, internet -administrated intervention (Covivio), (2) an active control group that may also use CAU and in addition immediate receives two-month access to a psychological online-relaxation-training (Relaxio), or (3) a wait list control group, in which they receive CAU. Measurements are collected online at pre-treatment (T0), post-treatment (T1), and three (T2) and six months (T3) follow-up. After the last follow-up (T3), all participants gain access to the online-program which they had not yet been able to use.
To enhance the accuracy of predicting stone-free rates after retrograde intrarenal surgery, we devised a novel approach to assess the renal infundibulopelvic angle. We conducted a retrospective review of patient records for those who underwent retrograde intrarenal surgery for renal stones between April 2018 and August 2019. Patient demographics, stone characteristics, and perioperative data were recorded. Subsequently, we introduced a modified angle measurement called the pelvic stone angle and evaluated its predictive performance for stone-free rates by comparing it with the traditional method in scoring systems. A total of 43 individuals were included in this study. Notable differences in stone burden and Hounsfield unit measurements were found between stone-free and non-stone-free patients. The pelvic stone angle demonstrated a good model fit when used in scoring systems, performing equally well as the conventional approach. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the R.I.R.S. scoring system using the pelvic stone angle and the conventional approach did not show a significant difference. In conclusion, the predictive ability of the pelvic stone angle for stone-free rates was comparable to the old measurement method. Moreover, scoring systems using the pelvic stone angle exhibited a better model fit than those using the conventional approach.
The embodiment of the invention is to innovate immunogenic CoV-2, CoV-n B cell epitopes, which are selected from the loop regions constrained by the two constraining beta strands; or between one beta strand and one alpha-helical strand; or between two alpha-helical strands of CoV-2, CoV-n proteins, and such selected loops replace the native loops of the thermostable protein scaffolds, which provide thermostable constraint of the transplanted CoV-2, CoV-n loop antigens as well as CD4 helper T cell determinants to elicit CD4 dependent neutralizing and blocking antibodies against viral entry, replication and viral clearance. The B cell loops can be cleaved and processed as CD8 T cell epitopes for eliciting cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses against and clear viral infected cells. MHCI viral peptide epitopes in nonamers, octamers, or decamers will be used as peptide vaccines along with viral CD4 helper peptide epitopes. These CTL peptides will be also inserted into the loop or replacing the native loop of the protein scaffolds. All the above sequences can be embodied in RNA vaccines to augment protection or suppress cytokine storms. And the embodiment of the invention is to employ CTL peptides and CD4 helper peptides inserted into each respective candidate loop of the protein scaffolds as CTL vaccines. Thus, the CTL vaccines safely eliminate infectious foci and reservoir of the offending virus and mutant viral strains.
Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling brain disorder. People with schizophrenia often experience hallucinations, delusions, thought disorders, and movement disorders. These symptoms make it difficult to maintain a job, participate in school, and keep up self-care. Proper treatment of first-episode schizophrenia may increase the chances of controlling disease progression on a long-term basis. Antipsychotic medications, such as risperidone, and psychosocial treatments, such as cognitive enhancement training and health behavior training, are common, effective treatments for schizophrenia. This study will determine the effectiveness of various combinations of psychosocial therapy and risperidone treatment in improving work or school performance in people with first-episode schizophrenia.

Participants in this open label study will be randomly assigned to receive one of the following four combinations of an antipsychotic medication and a psychosocial treatment: cognitive enhancement training plus oral risperidone; cognitive enhancement training plus long-acting injectable risperidone; health behavior training plus oral risperidone; or health behavior training plus long-acting injectable risperidone. Cognitive enhancement training will entail 2 hours per week of computer-assisted training targeted at improving attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Additionally, participants will attend a weekly 1-hour group meeting to learn how to apply these skills to work and school situations. Health behavior training will involve 3 hours per week of relaxation training, nutrition education, and physical exercise to enhance wellness. Participants assigned to receive oral risperidone will receive their medication in pill form at the dosage determined to be optimal by the study psychiatrist. Participants assigned to receive injectable risperidone will be given one injection every 2 weeks. Dosages will start at 25 mg per injection and will be adjusted as needed.

Treatment will continue for 1 year following dosage stabilization, which typically occurs 2 to 3 months following study entry. For the first 6 months, participants assigned to receive health behavior training will attend study visits once a week and participants assigned to receive cognitive enhancement training will attend study visits once a week. For the final 6 months, all participants will attend study visits twice weekly. At each visit, participants will receive their assigned psychosocial treatment; attend group therapy; meet with a case manager for counseling and assessment of symptoms, work functioning, and social functioning; and meet with a psychiatrist to monitor medication response. Additional cognitive and health behavior measures will be taken every 6 months to assess treatment effectiveness.
OBJECTIVE: Phenotypic misclassification in genetic association analyses can impact the accuracy of PRS-based prediction models. The bias reduction method proposed by Tong et al. (2019) has demonstrated its efficacy in reducing the effects of bias on the estimation of association parameters between genotype and phenotype while minimizing variance by employing chart reviews on a subset of the data for validating phenotypes, however its improvement of subsequent PRS prediction accuracy remains unclear. Our study aims to fill this gap by assessing the performance of simulated PRS models and estimating the optimal number of chart reviews needed for validation.
METHODS: To comprehensively assess the efficacy of the bias reduction method proposed by Tong et al. in enhancing the accuracy of PRS-based prediction models, we simulated each phenotype under different correlation structures (an independent model, a weakly correlated model, a strongly correlated model) and introduced error-prone phenotypes using two distinct error mechanisms (differential and non-differential phenotyping errors). To facilitate this, we used genotype and phenotype data from 12 case-control datasets in the Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC) to produce simulated phenotypes. The evaluation included analyses across various misclassification rates of original phenotypes as well as quantities of validation set. Additionally, we determined the median threshold, identifying the minimal validation size required for a meaningful improvement in the accuracy of PRS-based predictions across a broad spectrum.
RESULTS: This simulation study demonstrated that incorporating chart review does not universally guarantee enhanced performance of PRS-based prediction models. Specifically, in scenarios with minimal misclassification rates and limited validation sizes, PRS models utilizing debiased regression coefficients demonstrated inferior predictive capabilities compared to models using error-prone phenotypes. Put differently, the effectiveness of the bias reduction method is contingent upon the misclassification rates of phenotypes and the size of the validation set employed during chart reviews. Notably, when dealing with datasets featuring higher misclassification rates, the advantages of utilizing this bias reduction method become more evident, requiring a smaller validation set to achieve better performance.
CONCLUSION: This study highlights the importance of choosing an appropriate validation set size to balance between the efforts of chart review and the gain in PRS prediction accuracy. Consequently, our study establishes a valuable guidance for validation planning, across a diverse array of sensitivity and specificity combinations.
BACKGROUND: The role of dietary fat quality in promotion of cardiovascular diseases is studies before. However, the results are inconsistent. Recently, cholesterol to saturated fatty acid index (CSI) is suggested as a novel indicator of the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity potential of a diet. However, due to limited number of studies, in the current cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate the role of CSI in metabolic and inflammatory response among obese individuals.
METHODS: In the current cross-sectional study 488 obese individuals aged 18-50 years old were involved in volunteer based invitation from outpatient obesity clinics. Subjects underwent anthropometric assays including weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and body composition and their fasting blood sample were obtained for biochemical assessments including blood sugar, serum lipids, hs-CRP and IL-6 concentrations by commercial kits. Physical activity was also assessed by short form of international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ).
RESULTS: According to our results, being at the top tetile of CSI was associated with higher anthropometric indices including weight, height, WC, FFM, and basal metabolic rate (BMR) compared with those at the lowest tertile (P < 0.05). Similarly, those at the highest category of CSI had significantly higher levels of serum glucose and hs-CRP both in crude and adjusted models in ANCOVA and in multinomial logistic regression models (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: In the current study, for the first time, we identified the possible triggering role of dietary cholesterol to saturated fat index in increasing serum glucose and hs-CRP levels. due to cross-sectional design of the current study, causal inference is impossible. Further studies will help for better scientific justification.
The invention relates to improved RNAi constructs and uses thereof. The construct has a double stranded region of 19-49 nucleotides, preferably 25, 26, or 27 nucleotides, and preferably blunt-ended. The construct has selective minimal modifications to confer an optimal balance of biological activity, toxicity, stability, and target gene specificity. For example, the sense strand may be modified (e.g., one or both ends of the sense strand is/are modified by four 2'-O-methyl groups), such that the construct is not cleaved by Dicer or other RNAse III, and the entire length of the antisense strand is loaded into RISC. In addition, the antisense strand may also be modified by 2'-O-methyl group at the 2nd 5'-end nucleotide to greatly reduce off-target silencing. The constructs of the invention largely avoids the interferon response and sequence-independent apoptosis in mammalian cells, exhibits better serum stability, and enhanced target specificity.
The objective of this research was to establish a rat model for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with cardiac arrest and resuscitation that is both practical and economical and simulates clinical cardiac surgery. Concurrently, the study aimed to evaluate the myocardial protective effects conferred by histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) cardioplegia. Thirty rats were randomly assigned to three groups: the histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK), 4:1 blood cardioplegia (BC) and del Nido cardioplegia (DN) groups. The cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) procedure was implemented and sustained for a duration of one hour. Subsequent to the cessation of CPB, the rats were subjected to monitoring and observation for an additional two hours. Following this observation period, the heart and blood samples were procured for subsequent analysis. During CPB, the average hematocrit level was significantly below the typical physiological range (P < 0.001). Histopathological scores were notably lower in the HTK group in contrast to the BC group (P < 0.001) or the DN group (P < 0.001). At 2 h after weaning off CPB, the levels of CK and CKMB in the DN and BC groups were notably elevated compared to the HTK group (P < 0.001). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α proteins were notably increased in all three groups (P < 0.001), with the BC and DN groups showing higher increases compared to the HTK group (P < 0.001). This compact animal model of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with cardiac arrest and resuscitation might allow for both the study of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury as well as cardioprotective strategies. HTK cardioplegia could reduce inflammatory response and serum levels of myocardial enzymes in this newly developed right thoracotomy rat model.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject first agent capable of providing easiness of washing away compatible with goodness in finger combing without squeaking of hair and excellent in correction of curly hair by including a specific polymer and a silicone oil in an aqueous solution containing a reducing agent and an alkaline agent. SOLUTION: This first agent is obtained by including (C) an alkyl-modified carboxyvinyl polymer and (D) a silicone oil (e.g. dimethylpolysiloxane) in an aqueous solution containing (A) a reducing agent (e.g. thioglycolic acid) and (B) an alkaline agent (e.g. aqueous ammonia). An acrylic acid-alkyl methacrylate copolymer having a structural unit represented by the formula CH2 -CHOOR1 - CH2 -CHCOOH-CH2 -CHCOOR2 (R1 and R2 are each a 10-30C alkyl) is preferred as the ingredient C. The amounts of the formulated ingredients in the first agent are preferably <=20 wt.% ingredient A, <=10 wt.% ingredient B, 0.05-5 wt.% ingredient C and 0.5-20 wt.% ingredient D.
In some patients with unilateral spatial neglect, symptoms reflect impaired lateralized spatial attention and representation (perceptual bias) whereas in others the inability to respond to stimuli located in contralesional space (response bias). Here, we investigated whether prismatic adaptation (PA) and visual scanning training (VST) differentially affect perceptual and response bias and whether rehabilitation outcome depends on the type of bias underlying symptoms. Two groups of neglect patients in the subacute phase were evaluated before, immediately after, and two weeks following 10 days of PA (n = 9) or VST (n = 9). Standard neuropsychological tests (i.e., Behavioural Inattentional Test, Diller cancellation test, and Line Bisection test) were administered to assess neglect symptoms, while the Landmark task was used to disentangle perceptual and response biases. Performance on the Landmark task revealed that PA was more effective in improving the perceptual bias, while VST mainly modulated the response bias. Neuropsychological tests performance suggested that VST is better suited to modulate neglect in patients with response bias, while PA may be effective in patients with both types of bias. These findings may offer novel insights into the efficacy of PA and VST in the rehabilitation of perceptual and response biases in patients with neglect.
In myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI), moderate mitophagy is a protective or adaptive mechanism because of clearing defective mitochondria accumulates during MIRI. However, excessive mitophagy lead to an increase in defective mitochondria and ultimately exacerbate MIRI by causing overproduction or uncontrolled production of mitochondria. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced kinase 1 (Pink1), Parkin, FUN14 domain containing 1 (FUNDC1) and B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (BCL-2)/adenovirus E1B19KD interaction protein 3 (BNIP3) are the main mechanistic regulators of mitophagy in MIRI. Pink1 and Parkin are mitochondrial surface proteins involved in the ubiquitin-dependent pathway, while BNIP3 and FUNDC1 are mitochondrial receptor proteins involved in the non-ubiquitin-dependent pathway, which play a crucial role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and mitochondrial quality. These proteins can induce moderate mitophagy or inhibit excessive mitophagy to protect against MIRI but may also trigger excessive mitophagy or insufficient mitophagy, thereby worsening the condition. Understanding the actions of these mitophagy mechanistic proteins may provide valuable insights into the pathological mechanisms underlying MIRI development. Based on the above background, this article reviews the mechanism of mitophagy involved in MIRI through Pink1/Parkin pathway and the receptor mediated pathway led by FUNDC1 and BNIP3, as well as the related drug treatment, aim to provide effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of MIRI.