anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Changes in the local population are intricately linked to healthcare infrastructure, which subsequently impacts the healthcare sector. A decreasing local population can result in lagging health infrastructure, potentially leading to adverse health outcomes as patients may be at risk of not receiving optimal care and treatment. While some studies have explored the relationship between chronic diseases and local population decline, evidence regarding cancer is insufficient. In this study, we focused on how deteriorating management of chronic diseases such as dyslipidemia could influence the risk of cancer. We investigated the relationship between changes in the local population and cancer incidence among patients with dyslipidemia.
METHODS: This cohort study was conducted using claims data. Data from adult patients with dyslipidemia from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort conducted between 2002 and 2015 were included. Population changes in each region were obtained from the Korean Statistical Information Service and were used to link each individual's regional code. Cancer risk was the dependent variable, and Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the target associations.
RESULTS: Data from 336,883 patients with dyslipidemia were analyzed. Individuals who resided in areas with a decreasing population had a higher risk of cancer than those living in areas with an increasing population (decrease: hazard ratio (HR) = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.03-1.10; normal: HR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02-1.09). Participants living in regions with a low number of hospitals had a higher risk of cancer than those in regions with a higher number of hospitals (HR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.12-1.29).
CONCLUSION: Patients in regions where the population has declined are at a higher risk of cancer, highlighting the importance of managing medical problems caused by regional extinction. This could provide evidence for and useful insights into official policies on population decline and cancer risk.
Opioid use has increased to epidemic levels in the United States and has been associated with a dramatic increase in overdose deaths. Buprenorphine is a safe, well-tolerated, and evidence-based medication for opioid use disorder that can be prescribed in office-based treatment settings. Office-based buprenorphine could be an effective way to expand treatment for opioid use disorder, and thereby combat the opioid epidemic. However, office-based buprenorphine has three limitations that must be addressed to facilitate the safe and effective expansion of buprenorphine treatment: 1) Many patients discontinue buprenorphine treatment prematurely, 2) some patients divert buprenorphine for illicit use, and 3) many patients continue to use illicit opioids during buprenorphine treatment. This project will address these limitations by using a psychosocial approach known as Contingency Management. Contingency Management interventions provide incentives to substance abuse patients when patients meet therapeutic goals. This project will compare the effectiveness of two Contingency Management interventions (which the investigators have named "Buprenorphine Adherence and Opiate Abstinence" and "Buprenorphine Adherence Only") and Standard Medical Management for treating adults with opioid use disorder. Participants (N=375) will be randomly assigned to one of the three groups. Buprenorphine Adherence and Opiate Abstinence and Buprenorphine Adherence Only participants will receive incentives for daily buprenorphine use. Buprenorphine Adherence and Opiate Abstinence participants also will receive incentives for providing opiate-negative saliva samples. Daily buprenorphine use and opiate abstinence will both be remotely verified using smartphone-enabled video directly observed therapy (Video DOT). All participants will be receiving or referred to receive buprenorphine treatment and will complete assessments every 4 weeks during a 12-week intervention period. If the proposed intervention is effective, it could encourage medical professionals to prescribe buprenorphine, and improve patients' access to and success in office-based buprenorphine treatment.
Liver fibrosis affects approximately 800 million patients worldwide, with over 2 million deaths each year. Nevertheless, there are no approved medications for treating liver fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the impacts of ginkgetin on liver fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms. The impacts of ginkgetin on liver fibrosis were assessed in mouse models induced by thioacetamide or bile duct ligation. Experiments on human LX-2 cells and primary mouse hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were performed to explore the underlying mechanisms, which were also validated in the mouse models. Ginkgetin significantly decreased hepatic extracellular matrix deposition and HSC activation in the fibrotic models induced by thioacetamide (TAA) and bile duct ligation (BDL). Beneficial effects also existed in inhibiting hepatic inflammation and improving liver function. In vitro experiments showed that ginkgetin markedly inhibited HSC viability and induced HSC apoptosis dose-dependently. Mechanistic studies revealed that the antifibrotic effects of ginkgetin depend on STAT1 activation, as the effects were abolished in vitro after STAT1 silencing and in vivo after inhibiting STAT1 activation by fludarabine. Moreover, we observed a meaningful cross-talk between HSCs and hepatocytes, in which IL-6, released by ginkgetin-induced apoptotic HSCs, enhanced hepatocyte proliferation by activating STAT3 signaling. Ginkgetin exhibits antifibrotic effects by inducing HSC apoptosis via STAT1 activation and enhances hepatocyte proliferation secondary to HSC apoptosis via the IL-6/STAT3 pathway.
This is a dose escalation study that utilizes a constant incremental dose increase of 50 mg/m2 per cohort. Patients will be enrolled in cohorts of three patients each, and escalation of dose to the next cohort will be determined based on dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) in the previous cohort. DLT is defined as any adverse event (AE) of severity grade 3, 4 or 5 (including serious or life-threatening) considered possibly, probably or definitely related to L-NDDP (CTCAE v3.0), which occurs during cycle 1, excluding those events that occur and are completely resolved within 4-6 hours of the first dose of L-NDDP (infusion-related reactions). This study also aims to identify the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of intravenous L-NDDP, defined as the dose level at which no more than one out of six patients has any DLT. Once the MTD has been determined, an additional four patients will be enrolled at that dose level (for a total of 10 patients at the MTD dose level). While the MTD is determined based on safety data from each cohort's first cycle of L-NDDP therapy only, patients may continue treatment with additional cycles of L-NDDP at the same dose as their starting dose until documented progression, unacceptable toxicity or another off study criterion is met. Patients who have not met any of the off study criteria and continue to receive L-NDDP therapy at the time when MTD is determined may be allowed to change L-NDDP dose to the MTD dose level. The study will also determine the pharmacokinetic profile of L-NDDP administration through whole blood, plasma, and urine samples drawn before, during, and after L-NDDP administration. Clinical activity of L-NDDP in solid tumor patients will be assessed as tumor response using the RECIST criteria. Clinical activity of L-NDDP in B-Cell lymphoma patients will be assessed using the International Working Group Recommendations.
A one-time assessment will be performed on participants who are post-MCS implant (between 3 months and 10 years post-implant). Participants in this group must already have an MCS device in place.
Participants received open-label alendronate 70 mg tablets orally once a week through Month 24. From Month 24 to Month 48 participants received no treatment.
Patients with seminoma who are negative/low for tumour markers and unifocal ipsilateral Stage IIA or \<3cm IIB will be assessed for rRPLND. Patients who are eligible for rRPLND will undergo surgery followed by adjuvant treatment or surveillance as determined by their clinical teams based on post-operative histology as per SOC. Patients who are not deemed eligible for or decline rRPLND, will be offered either BEP/EP chemotherapy or radiotherapy with or without neoadjuvant Carboplatin AUC7 and will continue to be followed in the study.
OBJECTIVE: This narrative review explores alternative non-antibiotic antimicrobial agents for CRS management in adults.
METHODS: Alternative antimicrobial agents using EPOS 2020 guidelines as reference were selected, and articles dated from 2003 to 2022 in English, Portuguese, or Spanish using PubMed and EMBASE databases. The parameters analyzed included study design, evidence level, population characteristics, CRS characteristics, interventions, outcomes, sample size, randomization, blinding, and side effects. Reviews, unrelated contexts,in vitro experiments, and duplicates were excluded.
RESULTS: 148 articles were screened; 19 articles were selected for analysis. Randomized controlled trials and cohort studies assessing non-antibiotic antimicrobial treatments for CRS were included. Xylitol demonstrated effectiveness in reducing CRS symptoms, particularly SNOT-22 scores, surpassing saline irrigation benefits. Manuka honey showed potential microbiological benefits in recalcitrant CRS, but symptomatic and endoscopic improvements remained inconclusive. Baby shampoo irrigation improved nasal mucociliary clearance and postoperative outcomes. Colloidal silver nasal irrigation showed limited efficacy in reducing CRS symptoms or endoscopic scores. Povidone-Iodine (PI) nasal irrigation yielded mixed results, with varying effects on culture negativity and SNOT-20 scores. Bacteriophage treatment exhibited promise in decreasing specific bacterial strains and cytokine levels.
CONCLUSION: Non-antibiotic antimicrobial therapies, including xylitol, manuka honey, baby shampoo, colloidal silver, PI, bacteriophages, lactoferrin, and carrageenan offer potential alternatives for CRS in adult patients. Xylitol, baby shampoo, and PI presented benefits in improving symptoms and nasal endoscopic scores, however, the number of studies is limited for conclusive recommendations and safety assessments. CRS management should adopt a comprehensive approach, particularly for non-infectious or immune-related cases, moving beyond antibiotics. Antibiotics should be reserved for confirmed bacterial infections. Overall, this review shows the importance of exploring non-antibiotic therapies to enhance the management of CRS.
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: 10 daily procedures of ozone therapy are performed. The 1and 2procedures involve saturating 0.9% sodium chloride 200 ml with ozone-oxygen gas mixture in the concentration of 10 mg/l for 2 minutes and administering intravenously for 20 minutes. For the 3and 4procedures, 0.9% sodium chloride 200 ml is saturated with ozone-oxygen gas mixture in the concentration of 15 mg/l for 2 minutes and administered intravenously for 20 minutes. According to the 5, 6, 7, 8, 9and 10procedures, 0.9% sodium chloride 200 ml is saturated with ozone-oxygen gas mixture in the concentration of 20 mg/l for 2 minutes and administered intravenously for 20 minutes. Ozone therapy is further followed 1 hour later with 10 sessions of gravity therapy, which involves the four-staged exposure of a patient to centrifugal forces in the direction from head to lower extremities. At the first stage, a centrifuge rotation speed is 32 rpm with a length of the session being 10 min - 1 session. At the second stage, the centrifuge rotation speed is 34 rpm with a length of the session being 10 min - 2 sessions. At the third stage, the centrifuge rotation speed is 36 rpm with a length of the session being 15 min - 3 sessions. At the fourth stage, the centrifuge rotation speed is 36 rpm with a length of the session being 20 min - 4 sessions.EFFECT: invention enables achieving collateral blood flow stimulation, atherosclerosis regression, a lower degree of ischemia in patients with obliterating lower extremity atherosclerotic vascular disease by a combination of methods of gravity and ozone therapies.1 ex
Hypertension disproportionately affects and is inadequately controlled among African American and poor populations. Health providers generally lack the skills and resources to address social contextual factors (i.e. health and community services, social networks, social stressors, physical environment, and economic resources) that influence management of hypertension. Instead, providers tend to focus on adjusting antihypertensive medication prescriptions and exhorting patients to exercise and eat better. The investigators propose to determine the impact of using trained lay health advisors to help patients address social contextual factors that influence the management of hypertension. Helping patients address these barriers may lead not only to improved blood pressure but also to increased survival, reduced organ damage, and decreased health care costs. This project may also serve as a model of healthcare delivery innovation that could be used to address other health disparity conditions.
Hypoxia is a characteristic feature of malignant solid tumors associated with poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. It has also been shown (6) that the presence of hypoxia may reduce long-term survival post surgery. Hypoxia renders tumor cells up to three times more resistant to ionizing radiation than aerobic cells. The presence of hypoxic regions within tumors may be one factor leading to local failure after treatment with standard pre-operative radiotherapy doses. If these regions could be identified and verified using a non-invasive imaging technique prior to surgery, they could be specifically targeted using sophisticated planning techniques such as intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) to deliver higher doses ionizing radiation with preoperative radiotherapy. Future studies using IMRT to "dose paint" areas of hypoxia within tumors will build upon the results of this feasibility study. Ultimately, by the delivery of differential dose of radiation to the tumor, in combination with surgery, the local control rates of rectal cancer patients may further be improved.
Human papillomavirus can be contracted by sexually active women. However, only a small proportion of these infections persist and have the potential to progress into cervical cancers, indicating a significant involvement of the immune system in cervical cancer development. Despite this, our understanding of the precise contributions of genes from different immune cell types in cervical cancers remains limited. Therefore, the primary objective of our study was to investigate the potential causal relationships between specific immune cell genes and the development of cervical cancers. By accessing expression quantitative trait loci datasets of 14 distinct immune cell types and genome wide association study of cervical cancers, we employed the summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) along with multi-single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based SMR to identify significant genes associated with cervical cancers. Colocalization analysis was further conducted to explore the shared genetic causality. A total of 10 genes across 11 immune cell types (26 significant gene-trait associations) were found to be associated with cervical cancers after false discovery rate correction. Notably, the ORMDL3, BRK1 and HMGN1 gene expression levels showed significant association with cervical cancer in specific immune cell types, respectively. These associations were supported by strong evidence of colocalization analyses. Our study has identified several genes in different immune cells that were associated with cervical cancer. However, further research is necessary to confirm these findings and provide more comprehensive insights into the association between these gene expressions and cervical cancer risk.
BACKGROUND: TP53, the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers, orchestrates a complex transcriptional program crucial for cancer prevention. While certain TP53-dependent genes have been extensively studied, others, like the recently identified RNF144B, remained poorly understood. This E3 ubiquitin ligase has shown potent tumor suppressor activity in murine Eμ Myc-driven lymphoma, emphasizing its significance in the TP53 network. However, little is known about its targets and its role in cancer development, requiring further exploration. In this work, we investigate RNF144B's impact on tumor suppression beyond the hematopoietic compartment in human cancers.
METHODS: Employing TP53 wild-type cells, we generated models lacking RNF144B in both non-transformed and cancerous cells of human and mouse origin. By using proteomics, transcriptomics, and functional analysis, we assessed RNF144B's impact in cellular proliferation and transformation. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, we explored proliferation, DNA repair, cell cycle control, mitotic progression, and treatment resistance. Findings were contrasted with clinical datasets and bioinformatics analysis.
RESULTS: Our research underscores RNF144B's pivotal role as a tumor suppressor, particularly in lung adenocarcinoma. In both human and mouse oncogene-expressing cells, RNF144B deficiency heightened cellular proliferation and transformation. Proteomic and transcriptomic analysis revealed RNF144B's novel function in mediating protein degradation associated with cell cycle progression, DNA damage response and genomic stability. RNF144B deficiency induced chromosomal instability, mitotic defects, and correlated with elevated aneuploidy and worse prognosis in human tumors. Furthermore, RNF144B-deficient lung adenocarcinoma cells exhibited resistance to cell cycle inhibitors that induce chromosomal instability.
CONCLUSIONS: Supported by clinical data, our study suggests that RNF144B plays a pivotal role in maintaining genomic stability during tumor suppression.
A method of producing a garlic extract is provided and comprises steps of peeling, sterilization, draining, fermentation, first filtration, and extraction. A plurality of garlics are peeled in the step of peeling. The plurality of garlics are sterilized by utilizing ozonated water in the step of sterilization. The plurality of garlics are drained in the step of draining. The plurality of garlics are fermented in the step of fermentation to get fermented garlic mixture. The fermented garlic mixture is filtered in the step of the first filtration to get a garlic fermentation broth. The garlic fermentation broth is extracted in the step of extraction to get a garlic extract. The present invention uses ozonated water to clean and sterilize the peeled garlic bulbs at normal temperature, so that not only are the garlic fermentation and production stabilized, but the loss of active ingredients in the garlic bulbs is retarded.
PURPOSE: Organ fibrosis is a huge challenge in clinic. There are no drugs for fibrotic cataracts treatments in clinic. Nintedanib is approved by the FDA for pulmonary fibrosis treatments. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of nintedanib on fibrotic cataracts.
METHODS: Drug efficacy was validated through TGFβ2-induced cell models and injury-induced anterior subcapsular cataract (ASC) mice. A slit lamp and the eosin staining technique were applied to access the degree of capsular fibrosis. The CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate the toxicity and anti-proliferation ability of the drug. The cell migration was determined by wound healing assay and transwell assay. The anti-epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and anti-fibrosis efficacy were evaluated by qRT-PCR, immunoblot, and immunofluorescence. The inhibition of nintedanib to signaling pathways was certified by immunoblot.
RESULTS: Nintedanib inhibited the migration and proliferation of TGFβ2-induced cell models. Nintedanib can also repress the EMT and fibrosis of the lens epithelial cells. The intracameral injection of nintedanib can also allay the anterior subcapsular opacification in ASC mice. The TGFβ2/ Smad and non-Smad signaling pathways can be blocked by nintedanib in vitro and in vivo.
CONCLUSION: Nintedanib alleviates fibrotic cataracts by suppressing the TGFβ2/ Smad and non-Smad signaling pathways. Nintedanib is a potential drug for lens fibrosis.
The recommended starting dose of testosterone gel is 40 mg of testosterone (4 pump actuations) applied once daily to the thighs in the morning. The dose can be adjusted between a minimum of 10 mg of testosterone and a maximum of 70 mg of testosterone. To ensure proper dosing, the dose should be titrated based on the serum testosterone concentration from a single blood draw 2 hours after applying testosterone gel at approximately 14 days and 35 days after starting treatment or following dose adjustment. In addition, serum testosterone concentration should be assessed periodically thereafter. Table 1 describes the dose adjustments required at each titration step. 

The application site and dose of testosterone gel are not interchangeable with other topical testosterone products.
The present invention relates to a medicine for treating chronic gastritis, which is characterized in that No. 33 alpha-hemolytic streptococcus strains are carried by a roundtrip deep space vehicle, the hereditary properties of the NO. 33 strains of alpha-hemolytic streptococcus are mutated under the special condition of the outer space, strains with positive mutation and stable hereditary properties are preferably selected, bred and fermented to be produced into a biochemical preparation for treating chronic gastritis, and the strains are preserved in China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center and have a serial number of CGMCCNO. 1082. The biochemical preparation for treating chronic gastritis is oral liquid, and 1000 ml of the biochemical preparation contains 0.8g to 15.0g of mannon peptide produced by using the strains mutated in the outer space. The medicine for treating chronic gastritis adopts a biochemical preparation to treat chronic gastritis, and has the characteristics of no toxin, little side effect and high effective rate.