anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
AIM: The heterogeneity in data quality presented in studies regarding Crohn's anal fistula (CAF) limit extrapolation into clinical practice. The ENiGMA collaborators established a core descriptor set to standardize reporting of CAF. The aim of this work was to quantify the use of these descriptors in recent literature.
METHOD: We completed a systematic review of PubMed and the Cochrane Library, extracting publications from the past 10 years specific to the clinical interventions and outcomes of CAF, and reported in line with PRISMA guidance. Each article was assessed for inclusion of ENiGMA descriptors. The median number of descriptors per publication was evaluated along with the overall frequency of each individual descriptor. Use of ENiGMA descriptors was compared between medical and procedural publications.
RESULTS: Ninety publications were included. The median number of descriptors was 15 of 37; 16 descriptors were used in over half of the publications while 17 were used in fewer than a third. Descriptors were more frequently used in procedural (n = 16) than medical publications (n = 14) (p = 0.031). In procedural publications, eight descriptors were more frequently used including Faecal incontinence, Number of previous fistula interventions, Presence and severity of anorectal stenosis and Current proctitis. Medical publications were more likely to include Previous response to biological therapy and Duration and type of current course of biological therapy.
CONCLUSION: With many descriptors being used infrequently and variations between medical and procedural literature, the colorectal community should assess the need for all 37 descriptors.
Small muscular pulmonary artery remodeling is a dominant feature of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). PSEN1 affects angiogenesis, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. We aimed to determine the role of PSEN1 in the pathogenesis of vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Hemodynamics and vascular remodeling in the Psen1-knockin and smooth muscle-specific Psen1-knockout mice were assessed. The functional partners of PSEN1 were predicted by bioinformatics analysis and biochemical experiments. The therapeutic effect of PH was evaluated by administration of the PSEN1-specific inhibitor ELN318463. We discovered that both the mRNA and protein levels of PSEN1 were increased over time in hypoxic rats, monocrotaline rats, and Su5416/hypoxia mice. Psen1 transgenic mice were highly susceptible to PH, whereas smooth muscle-specific Psen1-knockout mice were resistant to hypoxic PH. STRING analysis showed that Notch1/2/3, β-catenin, Cadherin-1, DNER (delta/notch-like epidermal growth factor-related receptor), TMP10, and ERBB4 appeared to be highly correlated with PSEN1. Immunoprecipitation confirmed that PSEN1 interacts with β-catenin and DNER, and these interactions were suppressed by the catalytic PSEN1 mutations D257A, D385A, and C410Y. PSEN1 was found to mediate the nuclear translocation of the Notch1 intracellular domains and activated RBP-Jκ. Octaarginine-coated liposome-mediated pharmacological inhibition of PSEN1 significantly prevented and reversed the pathological process in hypoxic and monocrotaline-induced PH. PSEN1 essentially drives the pathogenesis of PAH and interacted with the noncanonical Notch ligand DNER. PSEN1 can be used as a promising molecular target for treating PAH. PSEN1 inhibitor ELN318463 can prevent and reverse the progression of PH and can be developed as a potential anti-PAH drug.
Particles generated by wear and corrosion within an artificial hip articulation can cause biologically mediated bone loss in the surrounding pelvis. Particles can be found within immunologically active cells inside bone lesions. Holes intended for screw fixation in uncemented acetabular cups are believed to be a main route for these particles from the articulation into the pelvic bone. Using pressfit, screws are not always necessary for a successful fixation of an uncemented cup. The investigator's hypothesis is that a pressfit fixated cup without screw holes will display a decreased amount of periacetabular osteolysis compared to a cup with screw holes. Therefore, 95 hips (90 patients) were randomized to receive either pressfit cups without screw holes or the same type of cup with screw holes. The occurence and size of periacetabular osteolysis will be compared between the two groups. In addition, since the patients will have a computed tomography examination at 7 years and between 15 and 18 years the investigator will also analyze development of periacetabular osteolysis over time. The different cups were paired with three different types of femoral stems. Also, articulation wear and cup and stem fixation will be analyzed using radiostereometry.
PURPOSE: Injuries of the scapholunate ligament (SL) and of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) represent the main ligament injuries of the traumatic wrist. A double injury of the SL and TFCC ligaments is quite common in the trauma setting, and clinical examination is fundamental. MRI allows to detection of a TFCC and SL ligament injury, but wrist arthroscopy is still the gold standard for diagnosis. We present the clinical results of the combined reconstruction of chronic scapholunate ligament and TFCC injury.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients were treated at our hospital with a combined scapholunate ligament and TFCC complex repair. All patients were surgically treated by the same senior author, after a diagnostic arthroscopy that revealed a lesion of both structures. A comparison between the pre-operative and post-operative pain and function was carried out using VAS, Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand score (DASH) and Patient-Related Wrist/Hand Evaluation score (PRWHE). Wrist range of motion and strength were also compared following surgery.
RESULTS: All patients had a mean follow-up of 54 months. A statistically significant improvement was observed both with the reduction in pain (VAS from 8.9 to 5) and with the improvement of functionality scores (DASH from 63 to 40 and PRWHE from 70 to 57) and with the increase in ROM and strength. In only one patient (7%), because of pain and instability, a supplement operation was needed (Sauve-Kapandji procedure) 3 months after the initial surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: The simultaneous repair of the SL and TFCC complex has shown a good success rate in both decreasing pain and regaining functionality.
Aflatoxins are harmful by-products of the molds Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus and are major contaminants of agricultural produce such as maize. Acute aflatoxin exposure (i.e., aflatoxicosis) can lead to jaundice, vomiting, abdominal pain, and liver failure, with documented fatality rates as high as 40%. Kenya experiences extreme aflatoxin exposure and fatal, recurring aflatoxicosis outbreaks. Numerous clinical trials have found heat processed calcium dioctahedral smectite clay \[i.e., Air Classified Calcium Silicate (ACCS100)\] to be safe and effective in binding to aflatoxin to decrease bioavailability and subsequently reduce toxin-induced effects. The investigators propose to pilot test the effectiveness, acceptability, and palatability of ACCS100 in a high-risk Kenyan population. If successful, ACCS100 could be scaled-up for use in Kenya to prevent aflatoxin-associated mortality during high-risk periods. To accomplish this objective, the investigators will recruit fifty health adults into a crossover study. Each participant will spend one week consuming ACCS100 and one week consuming a calcium carbonate placebo. Daily first morning void urine samples will monitor effectiveness in reducing aflatoxin bioavailability, and periodic questionnaires will assess acceptance and palatability.
OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to investigate the protective potential of salidroside in both lung ischemia/reperfusion injury (LIRI) mice model and cell hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)model and the involvement of ferroptosis and JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: After we established the IR-induced lung injury model in mice, we administered salidroside and the ferroptosis inhibitor, ferrostatin-1, then assessed the lung tissue injury, ferroptosis (levels of reactive oxygen species level, malondialdehyde and glutathione), and inflammation in lung tissues. The levels of ferroptosis-related proteins (glutathione peroxidase 4, fibroblast-specific protein 1, solute carrier family 1 member 5 and glutaminase 2) in the lung tissue were measured with Western blotting. Next, BEAS-2B cells were used to establish an H/R cell model and treated with salidroside or ferrostatin-1 before the cell viability and the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), inflammatory factor, ferroptosis-related proteins were measured. The activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway was measured with Western blotting, then its role was confirmed with STAT3 knockdown.
RESULTS: Remarkably, salidroside was found to alleviate ferroptosis, inflammation, and lung injury in LIRI mice and the cell injury in H/R cell model. Severe ferroptosis were observed in LIRI mice models and H/R-induced BEAS-2B cells, which was alleviated by salidroside. Furthermore, salidroside could inhibit JAK2/STAT3 activation induced by LIRI. STAT3 knockdown could enhance the effect of salidroside treatment on H/R-induced cell damage and ferroptosis in vitro.
CONCLUSIONS: Salidroside inhibits ferroptosis to alleviate lung ischemia reperfusion injury via the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new compound having a strong cell adhesion-inhibiting action and useful as a medicine for treating and preventing inflammations caused by autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatics, nephritis, asthma and allergy, etc. SOLUTION: A compound of formula I [X is O, amino, S, methylene, ethylene; Y is N, H-substituted C; (n) is 1-6; the carbonyl group may be placed at an arbitrary position of the phenyl group], e.g. 4-[4-(9-phenothiazinyl) hexyloxy]benzoic acid. The compound of formula I is obtained by producing a benzoic acid derivative of formula III from a tricyclic compound of formula II as a starting compound through four processes such as a condensation process, an esterification process and a reduction process and subsequently subjecting the compound of formula III to a general ester group-hydrolyzing reaction. The compound of formula I is useful for treating and preventing various kinds of circulatory diseases such as arteriosclerosis, restenosis after PTCA, cardiovascular diseases and peripheral vascular diseases, the metastasis and growth of cancers, etc.  The medicine is orally or parenterally administered at a daily dose of 1-1,000mg for an adult in one or several portions.
The present invention relates to a composition for skin regeneration, anti-wrinkling, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and skin whitening effects. According to the present invention, cimicifugoside promotes collagen generation of fibroblasts in the skin and thus has effects of regenerating skin and reducing wrinkles. Cimicifugoside inhibits generation of free radicals and thus has an anti-oxidant effect. Cimicifugoside also inhibits generation of NO and thus has an anti-inflammatory effect. In addition, the cimicifugoside inhibits synthesis of melanin and thus has a skin whitening effect. Therefore, the composition can be used as a pharmaceutical composition, an external use skin formulation, a cosmetic composition, or health food. The composition includes a compound represented by chemical formula 1 as an active ingredient.
This study will test a positive psychology-motivational interviewing (PP-MI) intervention for physical activity promotion in patients who have had bariatric surgery within the past 6-12 months compared to an enhanced usual care control. The investigators will enroll and randomize 58 participants. Study participation includes attending four study visits (two at baseline, one at 10 weeks, and one at 24 weeks). Participants will be randomized either to a 10-week physical activity intervention that includes once-weekly phone calls, a written manual, and a Fitbit activity tracker, or provision of the Fitbit alone. Primary outcomes include the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. Secondary outcomes include changes in physical activity and other psychological, behavioral, and physiological outcomes at 10 and 24 weeks compared to the control.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound of formula I [R is 10-16C alkyl which may have a substituent (halogen, OH, carbamoyl, 1-5C alkylamino, 2-6C dialkylamino, 2-6C acylamino, 1-5C alkylthio, SH, 2-6C acyloxy, 6-12C aryl, etc.) or 0-16C alkenyl having one or more vinyl groups]. EXAMPLE:4-Dodecylpyrrole-2-aldehyde. USE:The compound of formula I exhibits an effective triglyceride and choresterol- reducing activity and is useful as hypertension remedy and antiarteriosclerosis drug. PREPARATION:For example, methyl pyrrole-2-carboxylate is reacted with an acyl chloride of formula III (R<1> is alkyl, alkenyl) in the presence of a Lewis acid to prepare the compound of formula IV. The keto group of the compound is reduced and subjected to three steps by Mc Pherdin.Stevens method to provide the compound of formula I.
Although there have been no carcinogenesis studies with levalbuterol HCl, racemic albuterol sulfate has been evaluated for its carcinogenic potential.

In a 2-year study in Sprague-Dawley rats, dietary administration of racemic albuterol sulfate resulted in a significant dose-related increase in the incidence of benign leiomyomas of the mesovarium at doses of 2 mg/kg/day and greater (approximately 4 times the MRDI dose of levalbuterol HCl for adults and approximately 5 times the MRDI dose of levalbuterol HCl for children on a mg/m2 basis). In an 18-month study in CD-1 mice and a 22-month study in the golden hamster, dietary administration of racemic albuterol sulfate showed no evidence of tumorigenicity. Dietary doses in CD-1 mice were up to 500 mg/kg/day (approximately 540 times the MRDI dose of levalbuterol HCl for adults and approximately 630 times the MRDI dose of levalbuterol HCl for children on a mg/m2 basis) and doses in the golden hamster study were up to 50 mg/kg/day (approximately 90 times the MRDI dose of levalbuterol HCl for adults on a mg/m2 basis and approximately 105 times the MRDI dose of levalbuterol HCl for children on a mg/m2 basis). 

Levalbuterol HCl was not mutagenic in the Ames test or the CHO/HPRT Mammalian Forward Gene Mutation Assay. Levalbuterol HCl was not clastogenic in the in vivo micronucleus test in mouse bone marrow. Racemic albuterol sulfate was not clastogenic in an in vitro chromosomal aberration assay in CHO cell cultures. 

No fertility studies have been conducted with levalbuterol hydrochloride. Reproduction studies in rats using racemic albuterol sulfate demonstrated no evidence of impaired fertility at oral doses up to 50 mg/kg/day (approximately 108 times the maximum recommended daily inhalation dose of levalbuterol HCl for adults on a mg/m2 basis).
Skeletal muscle atrophy, characterized by diminished muscle strength and mass, arises from various causes, including malnutrition, aging, nerve damage, and disease-related secondary atrophy. Aging markedly escalates the prevalence of sarcopenia. Concurrently, the incidence of muscle atrophy significantly rises among patients with chronic ailments such as heart failure, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Epigenetics plays a pivotal role in skeletal muscle atrophy. Aging elevates methylation levels in the promoter regions of specific genes within muscle tissues. This aberrant methylation is similarly observed in conditions like diabetes, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to explore the relationship between epigenetics and skeletal muscle atrophy, thereby enhancing the understanding of its pathogenesis and uncovering novel therapeutic strategies.
Children on insulin pumps for at least three years. Subjects must have type 1 diabetes for at least five years and diagnosed under the age of 5.
For free hand dental implant placement, a key difficulty is to accurately control the position. Improving precision of dental implant placement is considered important for safety and efficacy of tooth replacement with dental implants. In particular, more precise implant placement is expected to yield a better restoration both in terms of aesthetics and ability for self-performed oral hygiene and thus prevention of peri-implant diseases. The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to compare the positional implant accuracy, and patient reported outcomes comparing two methods of implant placement: the use of a robotic assisted surgery and freehand surgery. Patients requiring single tooth replacement with a dental implant will be digitally planned using a CBCT and an intraoral digital scan. Subjects will be randomized to one of the two treatment modalities based on the plan. The accuracy of placement will be assessed evaluating the difference between the planned and the actual position using a CBCT immediately after surgery. Subjects will be followed up for one year to assess both patient reported and professional outcomes.
This study is a retrospective evaluation of a cohort of patients with Type 2 Diabetes from six French centers, who were previously treated by insulin pump therapy, and then switched from U-100 Rapid Acting Insulin analog to 500 U/mL Regular Insulin (Eli Lilly Inc, France) between June 2011 and September 2017. All participants had been previously treated by Multiple Daily Insulin injections and then had been treated by Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion with U-100 Rapid Acting Insulin analog administered by an insulin pump. Patient's selection criteria included an insulin-resistant state defined by a Total Daily insulin Dose greater than 100 U per day, and a switch from U-100 Rapid Acting Insulin analog to 500 U/mL Regular Insulin during the study period. Data collection from patient medical records included HbA1c, lipid levels, weight, Total Daily insulin Dose, and the recordings of hypoglycemia episodes. Outcomes were recorded at different timelines including baseline and 6, 12, 24 and 36-months after the switch from U-100 to U-500 insulin. Blinded continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) (ipro2, Medtronic Inc., USA) was analyzed in a subgroup of patients having CGM data available at baseline on U-100 insulin and after 6-months on U-500 insulin.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a food and drink (health food), a pharmaceutical, an arteriosclerosis preventing agent and an agent for suppressing oxidative denaturation of LDL capable of effectively suppressing the oxidative denaturation of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) in blood.  <P>SOLUTION: The food and drink, pharmaceutical, arteriosclerosis preventing agent and agent for suppressing oxidative denaturation of LDL contain a flavonoid aglycone derived from lemon as an active component. Examples of the flavonoid aglycone are eriodictyol and diosmetin. These flavonoid aglycones can be produced by converting flavonoid glycosides derived from lemon into aglycone. The aglyconization is carried out e.g. by β-glucosidase treatment or microbial fermentation with microorganisms of the genus Aspergillus.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI
Didanosine, a purine nucleoside analogue, is indicated for the treatment of HIV infection when antiretroviral therapy is warranted. Didanosine is administered orally with antacids to protect it against acid-induced hydrolysis in the stomach. To eliminate the need for using buffers in the ddI formulations, an enteric-coated bead formulation of ddI is being developed.

Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 groups to receive treatment on 2 separate occasions at least 72 hours apart. Group 1 receives the reference formulation of ddI. Group 2 receives the test formulation of ddI. Clinical evaluations, including clinical laboratory tests, are performed periodically during the study and at discharge. Serial blood samples are collected at specific time points over the 12 hours following dosing, and are used for the pharmacokinetic variables CMAX and AUC(INF). Factors used in analysis are sequence, subject within sequence, period, and formulation. Safety is assessed by monitoring adverse effects, vital signs, ECG recordings, and clinical laboratory tests throughout the study.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a powdery mixture capable of stably and highly sustainably imparting foods/drinks or cosmetics with fragrance, flavor, color tone and/or functionality, therefore useful in foods/drinks and cosmetics and the like by including ingredient(s) such as a fragrance, trehalose and water-soluble hemicellulose. SOLUTION: This powdery mixture comprises at least one kind of ingredient selected from fragrances such as citrus essential oil, coloring matters such as α-carotene, and functional substances such as docosahexaenoic acid, pref. 40-80 wt.% of trehalose, and pref. 10-40 wt.% of water-soluble hemicellulose. This powdery mixture is obtained by evaporating to dryness an aqueous emulsion containing the above-mentioned at least one kind of ingredient, trehalose and water-soluble hemicellulose; wherein the weight ratio of the trehalose to water-soluble hemicellulose is pref. (8:1) to (1:1).
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the potential role of galectin-3 (Gal-3) in the pathogenesis of fibrotic alterations in ovarian endometriosis (OVE).
METHODS: In this study, we collected the ectopic endometrial tissues and eutopic endometrial tissues from 31 OVE patients treated by laparoscopy, and the eutopic endometrial tissues from 23 non-OVE patients with leiomyoma or other benign diseases were used as control. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome staining were utilized for histopathological assessment. The primary normal endometrial stromal cells (NESC), ectopic endometrial stromal cells (ECSC), and eutopic endometrial stromal cells (EUSC) were isolated. Gal-3 overexpression plasmids (Gal-OE) and short hairpin RNA targeting Gal-3 (Gal-3-shRNA) were transfected into the immortalized human endometriotic cell line 12Z, respectively. RT-qPCR, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of Gal-3, type I collagen (COL-1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), respectively.
RESULTS: H&E and Masson staining showed that ovarian ectopic endometrium exhibited glandular hyperplasia, high columnar glandular epithelium, apical plasma secretion, more subnuclear vacuoles, and obvious fibrosis, compared with normal endometrium. The mRNA and protein levels of Gal-3 , CTGF, α-SMA, and COL-1 were all upregulated in the ectopic endometrial tissues of OVE patients compared to the eutopic endometrial tissues from OVE patients and non-OVE patients. Moreover, ECSC expressed higher levels of Gal-3, CTGF, α-SMA, and COL-1 than EUSC and NESC. Follow-up investigations demonstrated that the Gal-3 overexpression substantially increased fibrosis-related markers including CTGF, α-SMA, and COL-1 within the 12Z cell line. Conversely, Gal-3 knockdown showed the opposite effects.
CONCLUSION: Gal-3 promotes fibrosis in OVE, positioning it as a prospective therapeutic target for mitigating fibrosis in endometriosis.
Participants in The COMB group will be grounded on the HAPA model and piloted by the team. It consists of three phases with 10 face-to-face hourly sessions nested with weekly telephone calls to enhance the participants' adherence to dietary behavioral change. And will be group-based, and offered weekly for about 60 minutes during the execution phase (a total 20 sessions from weeks 4-24). The combination of resistance and aerobic exercises can improve muscle quantity and strength as well as reduce body fat in people with sarcopenic obesity, and will be adopted in this study.