anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Preterm, prelabor rupture of the human fetal membranes (pPROM) is involved in 40% of spontaneous preterm births worldwide. Cellular-level disturbances and inflammation are effectors of membrane degradation, weakening, and rupture. Maternal risk factors induce oxidative stress (OS), senescence, and senescence-associated inflammation of the fetal membranes as reported mechanisms related to pPROM. Inflammation can also arise in fetal membrane cells (amnion/chorion) due to OS-induced autophagy and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Autophagy, EMT, and their correlation in pPROM, along with OS-induced autophagy-related changes in amnion and chorion cells in vitro, were investigated. Immunocytochemistry staining of cytokeratin-18 (epithelial marker)/vimentin (mesenchymal marker) and proautophagy-inducing factor LC3B were performed in fetal membranes from pPROM, term not in labor, and term labor. Ultrastructural changes associated with autophagy were verified by transmission electron microscopy of the fetal membranes and in cells exposed to cigarette smoke extract (an OS inducer). EMT and LC3B staining was compared in the chorion from pPROM versus term not in labor. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed autophagosome formation in pPROM amnion and chorion. In cell culture, autophagosomes were formed in the amnion with OS treatment, while autophagosomes were accumulated in both cell types with autophagy inhibition. This study documents the association between pPROMs and amniochorion autophagy and EMT, and supports a role for OS in inducing dysfunctional cells that increase inflammation, predisposing membranes to rupture.
Symptoms of overdosage are extensions of the pharmacologic effects of the drug. Excessive pressor effect, such as hypertension, tachycardia, skeletal muscle hyperactivity, and enhanced deep tendon reflexes may be early signs of overdosage. Therefore, the blood pressure, pulse rate, and deep tendon reflexes should be evaluated periodically and the dosage or infusion rate adjusted accordingly.

Other effects may include agitation, confusion, sweating, cough, and dyspnea.

Convulsive seizures are unlikely at recommended dosages. In unanesthetized animals, the convulsant dose is 70 times greater than the respiratory stimulant dose. Intravenous LD50 values in the mouse and rat were approximately 75 mg/kg and in the cat and dog were 40 to 80 mg/kg.

Except for management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associated with acute hypercapnia, the maximum recommended dosage is 3 GRAMS/24 HOURS. (See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.)
BACKGROUND: To compare various lower pole pelvicalyceal anatomical factors of stone bearing kidney with contralateral normal kidneys and determine whether these factors predispose to stone formation in one kidney.
METHODS: A descriptive study was done with Computed Tomography of 54 patients with solitary lower pole calculus in one kidney and normal contralateral kidney were included. Various lower pole pelvicalyceal anatomical factors like infundibulopelvic angle, infundibular width, infundibular length and calyceopelvic height of both stone bearing and contralateral kidneys were measured and compared for any differences Results: The mean infundibular width was 5.4±1.9mm on stone bearing kidneys and 5.2±2.05mm on contralateral normal kidneys. The mean infundibular length was 18.9±4.4mm on stone bearing kidneys and 18.8±3.9mm on contralateral normal kidneys. The mean infundibulopelvic angle was 47.9±10.8° on stone bearing kidneys and 47.6±11.2° on contralateral kidneys. The mean calyceopelvic height was 15.7±4.6mm on stone bearing kidneys and 15.5±3.9mm (range 7.5to 23.1mm) on contralateral kidneys. There were no statistically significant differences between stone bearing and contralateral normal kidneys in respect to these pelvicalyceal anatomical factors.
CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we found no significant difference in lower pole pelvicalyceal anatomical factors between stone bearing kidneys and contralateral normal kidneys and therefore these factors do not seem to have significant role in stone formation in one kidney compared with the other.
Follicular unit hair extraction (FUE) is effective for hair restoration but is less successful on scarred tissue due to reduced vascularity and altered tissue architecture. Stem cell therapy can enhance tissue regeneration, possibly improving FUE outcomes on scarred tissue. This study investigated the impact of stem cell therapy prior to FUE on scarred tissue. Sixty patients with scalp scars from trauma or previous surgeries were divided into two groups. Group A (n = 30) received autologous stem cell therapy followed by FUE, while Group B (n = 30) underwent FUE without prior stem cell treatment. Autologous stem cells were harvested from patients' adipose tissue and injected into the scarred area four weeks before FUE. Outcomes were assessed at 3-, 6-, and 12-months post-transplantation, focusing on hair density, graft survival rate, and patient satisfaction. Histological examinations evaluated tissue regeneration. Group A showed significantly higher hair density (mean increase of 45%) and graft survival rates (87%) compared to Group B (mean increase of 25%, graft survival rate of 60%) at all follow-up points (P < 0.05). Histological analysis revealed enhanced neovascularization and reduced fibrosis in the stem cell-treated group, with 70% more new blood vessels and 50% less fibrotic tissue compared to the control group. Patient satisfaction scores were higher in Group A (average score of 8.5 out of 10) versus Group B (6.0), indicating better aesthetic outcomes and reduced scar visibility. Pre-treatment with autologous stem cell therapy significantly improved FUE effectiveness on scarred tissue, enhancing graft survival, hair density, and patient satisfaction. Further research is recommended to optimize this therapeutic strategy.
FIELD: medicine, namely physiotherapy. SUBSTANCE: electrophoresis of 2-per cent xydiphone is performed from negative electrode. Maximum density of acting current is equal to threshold feeling of patient. Carrier frequency equals muscle tremor frequency. Carrier frequency is amplitude-modulated to depth of 30 per cent. Use is made of signals coming from pulse and respiration pickups. Current density is increased up to maximum value during inhalation and systole and decreased during exaltation and diastole. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of treatment.
Group 1 - Recurrent or Refractory Hepatoblastoma. Patients receive cixutumumab IV over 1 hour on days 1, 8, 15, and 22. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 24 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
A normal course of treatment is 15 to 20 weeks. If the total nodule count has been reduced by more than 70% prior to completing 15 to 20 weeks of treatment, may discontinue ABSORICA/ABSORICA LD.

After a period of 2 months or more off therapy, and if warranted by persistent or recurring severe nodular acne, may initiate a second course of ABSORICA/ABSORICA LD in patients who have completed skeletal growth. The use of another course of ABSORICA/ABSORICA LD therapy is not recommended before a two-month waiting period because the patient’s acne may continue to improve after a 15 to 20-week course of therapy. The optimal interval before retreatment has not been defined for patients who have not completed skeletal growth.

Long-term use of ABSORICA/ABSORICA LD, even in low dosages, has not been studied, and is not recommended. The effect of long-term use of ABSORICA/ABSORICA LD on bone loss is unknown [see Warnings and Precautions (5.12)].
The invention comprises compounds of the general formula <FORM:0860330/IV (b)/1> and their addition salts (wherein X is a hydrogen or halogen atom or a lower alkyl, halogen (lower) alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower acyl, lower alkanesulphonyl, di-(lower) alkylsulphamoyl or cyano group; A is a divalent, straight or branched C2-6 saturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon group with at least 2 carbon atoms separating the nitrogen atom of the phenthiazine nucleus and the <FORM:0860330/IV (b)/2> group; and R1 and R2 are either lower alkyl groups or together with the adjacent nitrogen atom form a saturated, mononuclear heterocyclic group); and the preparation thereof by oxidizing a compound of the general formula <FORM:0860330/IV (b)/3> is a non-acid medium with not more than a substantially equimolecular proportion of an oxidizing agent that is neither acid itself nor liberates an acid under the reaction conditions used.  A "non-acid" medium is a solvent or emulsifying medium that neither contains an acidic substance nor is capable of liberating such a substance under the reaction conditions used. The qualification "lower" means that the group in question has 1-6 carbon atoms and preferably 1-4 carbon atoms.  Specification 793,227 is referred to.ALSO:A pharmaceutical composition comprises one or more compounds of the general formula <FORM:0860330/VI/1> and their acid addition salts (wherein X is a hydrogen or halogen atom or a lower alkyl, halogen (lower) alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower acyl, lower alkanesulphonyl, di-(lower) alkylsulphamoyl or cyano group; A is a divalent, straight or branched C2-6 saturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon group with at least 2 carbon atoms separating the nitrogen atom of the phenthiazine nucleus and the <FORM:0860330/VI/2> group; and R1 and R2 are either lower alkyl groups or together with the adjacent nitrogen atom form a saturated, mononuclear heterocyclic group) in association with a significant amount of a pharmaceutical carrier. They may be administered orally or parenterally as sedatives, tranquillizers, potentiators of an sthetics (e.g. hexobarbitone and ether) and analgesics, antiemetics, antihistaminics and antiParkinsonian agents; and may take the form of solids or liquids or any combination thereof. The qualification "lower" means that the group in question has 1-6 carbon atoms and preferably 1-4 carbon atoms.  Specified salts are hydrohalides, phosphates, nitrates, sulphates, maleates, fumarates, citrates, tartrates, methanesulphonates and ethanedisulphonates.  Specification 793,227 is referred to.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of angled otoendoscopy with pure tone audiometry in predicting ossicular discontinuity in patients of mucosal chronic otitis media.
METHODS: Ninety-four patients were included in this prospective study. A 2.7-mm 30° otoendoscope was used to examine ossicular status preoperatively. Hearing thresholds were recorded by pure tone audiometry. Intraoperative ossicular status was recorded as the gold standard. Otoendoscopic findings were recorded as per the criteria has been devised by the authors of this manuscript.
RESULTS: Otoendoscopy was conclusive in 56 (59.6 per cent) patients, with 100 per cent sensitivity, 95.56 per cent specificity, 84.62 per cent positive predictive value, and 100 per cent negative predictive value in the conclusive group. Overall (in 94 patients), diagnostic test values of otoendoscopy were 73.33 per cent sensitivity, 97.47 per cent specificity, 84.62 per cent positive predictive value, and 95.06 per cent negative predictive value. As per the ROC curve, air-bone gap > 38.12dB had the optimal diagnostic test values, with 73 per cent sensitivity, 72 per cent specificity, 33.3 per cent positive predictive value, and 93.4 per cent negative predictive value.
CONCLUSION: Angled otoendoscopy has better diagnostic accuracy (93.6 per cent) than pure tone audiometry (72.3 per cent; p < 0.001) for preoperative ossicular discontinuity prediction in patients of mucosal chronic otitis media.
Anxiety and depression (emotional disorders) are familial and heritable, especially when onset is early. However, other cross-generational studies suggest transmission of youth emotional problems is explained by mainly environmental risks. We set out to test the contribution of parental non-transmitted genetic liability, as indexed by psychiatric/neurodevelopmental common polygenic liability, to youth emotional problems using a UK population-based cohort: the Millennium Cohort Study. European (N = 6328) and South Asian (N = 814) ancestries were included, as well as a subset with genomic data from both parents (European: N = 2809; South Asian: N = 254). We examined the association of transmitted (PGST) and non-transmitted polygenic scores (PGSNT) for anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder and neurodevelopmental disorders (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], autism spectrum disorder [ASD], schizophrenia) with youth emotional disorder and symptom scores, measured using the parent- and self-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire emotional subscale at 6 timepoints between ages 3-17 years. In the European sample, PGST for anxiety and depression, but not bipolar disorder, were associated with emotional disorder and symptom scores across all ages, except age 3, with strongest association in adolescence. ADHD and ASD PGST also showed association across ages 11-17 years. In the South Asian sample, evidence for associations between all PGST and outcome measures were weaker. There was weak evidence of association between PGSNT for anxiety and depression and age 17 symptom scores in the South Asian sample, but not in the European sample for any outcome. Overall, PGST for depression, anxiety, ADHD and ASD contributed to youth emotional problems, with stronger associations in adolescence. There was limited support for non-transmitted genetic effects: these findings do not support the hypothesis that parental polygenic psychiatric/neurodevelopmental liability confer risk to offspring emotional problems through non-transmitted rearing/nurture effects.
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the most important causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). Interleukin (IL)-37 has been suggested as a novel anti-inflammatory factor for the treatment of IRI, but its application is still limited by its low stability and delivery efficiency. In this study, we reported a novel engineered method to efficiently and easily prepare neutrophil membrane-derived vesicles (N-MVs), which could be utilized as a promising vehicle to deliver IL-37 and avoid the potential side effects of neutrophil-derived natural extracellular vesicles. N-MVs could enhance the stability of IL-37 and targetedly deliver IL-37 to damaged endothelial cells of IRI kidneys via P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1). In vitro and in vivo evidence revealed that N-MVs encapsulated with IL-37 (N-MV@IL-37) could inhibit endothelial cell apoptosis, promote endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis, and decrease inflammatory factor production and leukocyte infiltration, thereby ameliorating renal IRI. Our study establishes a promising delivery vehicle for the treatment of renal IRI and other endothelial damage-related diseases.
Placebo matched with Bevacizumab infusions will be administered every 2 weeks for 52 weeks or until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. IFN-Alfa-2A will be administered 3 times per week as a subcutaneous injection at a dose of 9 MIU for 52 weeks or until disease progression or major toxicity.
Microorganisms, esp. Brucells, are cultured serially in a medium contg. the corresponding anti-serum in order to modify the pheotype but not the genotype. The product is deactivated by formaldehyde and may be treated with sodium lauryl sulphate to give a product which does not contain agglutinins which interfere with the diagnosis of the particular disease. In an example highly pathogenic Brucella Melitensis was isolated and cultured 10-30 times on tryptose-agar contg. 10% anti serum titrating at 2000 U/ml. This strain was lyophilised and was used to prepare vaccine on a prodn. scale. From this stock inoculum 2-10 subcultures were carried out, generally in a liq. medium contg. anti-specific serum.
Therapy should be individualized according to patient response to gain maximal therapeutic response and to determine the minimal dose needed to maintain that response.

### Adults

The usual initial dose of furosemide is 20 to 80 mg given as a single dose. Ordinarily a prompt diuresis ensues. If needed, the same dose can be administered 6 to 8 hours later or the dose may be increased. The dose may be raised by 20 or 40 mg and given not sooner than 6 to 8 hours after the previous dose until the desired diuretic effect has been obtained. The individually determined single dose should then be given once or twice daily (e.g., at 8 am and 2 pm). The dose of furosemide may be carefully titrated up to 600 mg/day in patients with clinically severe edematous states. 

Edema may be most efficiently and safely mobilized by giving furosemide on 2 to 4 consecutive days each week.

When doses exceeding 80 mg/day are given for prolonged periods, careful clinical observation and laboratory monitoring are particularly advisable. (See PRECAUTIONS: Laboratory Tests.)

### Geriatric Patients 

In general, dose selection for the elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range. (See PRECAUTIONS: Geriatric Use.)

### Pediatric Patients

The usual initial dose of oral furosemide in pediatric patients is 2 mg/kg body weight, given as a single dose. If the diuretic response is not satisfactory after the initial dose, dosage may be increased by 1 or 2 mg/kg no sooner than 6 to 8 hours after the previous dose. Doses greater than 6 mg/kg body weight are not recommended. For maintenance therapy in pediatric patients, the dose should be adjusted to the minimum effective level.
LFMS will follow a previously published protocol for the treatment of a Major Depressive Episode (Rohan et al. 2004). Active Low Field Magnetic Stimulation treatments will be delivered with a prototype LFMS device manufactured by Tal Medical. LFMS sessions consist of proton echo-planar magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (EP-MRSI) and will be 20min in duration. LFMS exposes subjects to magnetic fields of the same magnitude and frequency used in clinical MR-Spectroscopic imaging of the brain.
Individuals assigned to the EUC alone group will be asked to continue their usual medical care as prescribed by their physician for 16 weeks. In addition, they will be asked to not seek chiropractic care or TC during the study. Participants will also be given a neck-pain self-care book that explains common causes and management strategies for neck pain. We will also provide this arm of participants with increased attention in the form of biweekly calls from the study research assistants.
Bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation consisted of 2 mA of current from the anodal electrode in the amblyopic primary visual cortex to the cathodal electrode located in the fellow primary visual cortex and the stimulation was on for 20 minutes. On stimulation onset, the participant's fellow eye was occluded and the participant performed a reading task for 20 minutes.
20 female patients will be enrolled. Patients who are scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy will be invited to participate in this study. The laparoscopic instrumentation will be sterilized using standard methods. Conventional and new laparoscopic and endoscopic equipment will be used for this project; all equipment is commercially available and is FDA-approved for laparoscopic procedures. Access will be obtained into the peritoneal cavity at the umbilicus in a standard fashion, either by use of a Veress needle technique or by insertion of a trocar using the open technique. Through a single umbilical incision, a 5mm trocar will be placed into the peritoneal cavity. A 5mm laparoscope will then be inserted into the peritoneal cavity. This will be used to monitor safe peritoneal entry of a dilating12mm transvaginal trocar. Subsequent operative visualization will be by use of a flexible endoscope which will be placed through the transvaginal port. The gallbladder will be retracted using sutures as well as endoscopic and / or laparoscopic graspers. In order to obtain the critical view of safety \[5\] the cystic duct and artery will be dissected, ligated and divided by use of conventional laparoscopic and new articulating instruments. The dissected gallbladder will be retrieved transvaginally. If for any reason suitable retraction or dissection cannot be performed using the transvaginal strategy, the case will be promptly converted to a standard laparoscopic approach by the insertion of additional transabdominal trocars.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE            The present invention relates to a topical antibacterial preparation for the treatment of infected hands and for the advancement of their healing.    The  preparation comprises silver sulfadiazine  (SSD)  and collagen,  in which the ratio of W/W of collagen to SSD ranges from 4 parts collagen to 1 part SSD, to 200 parts collagen to 1 part SSD.   The concentration of the SSD is preferably 0.5% to 2.5%, advantageously 1%. The collagen is advantageously native collagen, which may be acid soluble or insoluble, or mixtures thereof. The preparation may comprise an inert excipient, e.g. SiO2,  or blood  plasma  components,  peptides,  carbo-hydrates.
The invention provides a nursing patch for relieving a redness skin. The nursing patch comprises a patch body. The patch body is formed by an upper pasting area, a lower pasting area and a medicine area. A medicine composition is attached to the surface of the medicine area, and is prepared from, by weight, 12-14 parts of aloe extract, 8-12 parts of cuke extract liquid, 6-8 parts of licorice root extract, 3-7 parts of chamomile extract, 8-12 parts of muskmelon fruit extract, 12-14 parts of white atractylodes rhizomes, 8-10 parts of Chinese parsnip roots, 8-10 parts of selinum japenious seeds and 13-35 parts of deionized water. The nursing patch has the advantages that as the nursing patch comprises the aloe extract, the cuke extract liquid, the licorice root extract, the chamomile extract, the muskmelon fruit extract and the like, the redness skin can be effectively relieved. The product has the relieving effect on the redness skin range, and a sensitive skin can be effectively relieved through the cooling and moisturizing effects of the nursing patch; due to the special shape design of the patch, the nursing patch is more convenient and faster to use.
The invention discloses an Arabidopis thaliana active ingredient extract and a preparation method and application thereof. The extract is novel lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). The preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing overground part of Arabidopis thaliana tissues, placing the crushed Arabidopis thaliana into methanol for extraction, filtering and concentrating, and separating and purifying the extract so as to obtain the product. In yeast aging model K6001 beer yeast cells, the novel lysophosphatidic acid extracted from Arabidopis thaliana can remarkably prolong replicative life of yeast cells and has strong anti-aging capability. According to the invention, basic researches on new drug research and development of the Arabidopis thaliana active ingredient extract in the aspects of delaying senescence and treating senescence-related diseases are carried out. The invention is of great practical significance.