anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
During the first interview, the training and demonstration of pursed lip breathing exercise is performed by the thesis student in a single session. After this information session, the pursed lip breathing exercise taught from the patients; They are asked to do it in their own homes, 3 days a week on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, for about 30 minutes each session, for a total of eight weeks. In addition, one day a week (on a day determined by the patient, Monday, Wednesday or Friday), the thesis student makes a video call to the patient on WhatsApp, and the practice of pursed lip breathing exercise is performed during the video call.
The patients will receive targeted Percutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation at suitable DRG with Axium SCS system as part of their standard treatment for lumbar pain. The lead placement will happen in 2 stages. First stage involves placement of leads and an externalised device and is a trial stage. Patient deemed to have a good response to first stage will proceed to the second stage to have the permanent implant. Again this is part of our standard care. Normally our drop out rate after first stage is less than 10% and these patients will not have subsequent tests including PET-CT scan and questionnaires.
Frovatriptan succinate is contraindicated in patients with ischemic or vasospastic CAD. There have been rare reports of serious cardiac adverse reactions, including acute myocardial infarction, occurring within a few hours following administration of frovatriptan succinate. Some of these reactions occurred in patients without known CAD. Frovatriptan succinate may cause coronary artery vasospasm (Prinzmetal’s angina), even in patients without a history of CAD.

Perform a cardiovascular evaluation in triptan-naïve patients who have multiple cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., increased age, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, obesity, strong family history of CAD) prior to receiving frovatriptan succinate. Do not administer frovatriptan succinate if there is evidence of CAD or coronary artery vasospasm [see Contraindications (4)]. For patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors who have a negative cardiovascular evaluation, consider administrating the first frovatriptan succinate dose in a medically-supervised setting and performing an electrocardiogram (ECG) immediately following frovatriptan succinate administration. For such patients, consider periodic cardiovascular evaluation in intermittent long-term users of frovatriptan succinate.
We investigated the mechanism by which quercetin preserves mitochondrial quality control (MQC) in cardiomyocytes subjected to ischemia-reperfusion stress. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed in the in vivo experiments to assess myocardial injury markers, measure the transcript levels of SIRT5/DNAPK-cs/MLKL during various time intervals of ischemia-reperfusion, and observe structural changes in cardiomyocytes using transmission electron microscopy. In in vitro investigations, adenovirus transfection was employed to establish a gene-modified model of DNA-PKcs, and primary cardiomyocytes were obtained from a mouse model with modified SIRT5 gene. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, laser confocal microscopy, immunofluorescence localization, JC-1 fluorescence assay, Seahorse energy analysis, and various other assays were applied to corroborate the regulatory influence of quercetin on the MQC network in cardiomyocytes after ischemia-reperfusion. In vitro experiments demonstrated that ischemia-reperfusion injury caused changes in the structure of the myocardium. It was seen that quercetin had a beneficial effect on the myocardial tissue, providing protection. As the ischemia-reperfusion process continued, the levels of DNA-PKcs/SIRT5/MLKL transcripts were also found to change. In vitro investigations revealed that quercetin mitigated cardiomyocyte injury caused by mitochondrial oxidative stress through DNA-PKcs, and regulated mitophagy and mitochondrial kinetics to sustain optimal mitochondrial energy metabolism levels. Quercetin, through SIRT5 desuccinylation, modulated the stability of DNA-PKcs, and together they regulated the "mitophagy-unfolded protein response." This preserved the integrity of mitochondrial membrane and genome, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitochondrial energy metabolism. Quercetin may operate synergistically to oversee the regulation of mitophagy and the unfolded protein response through DNA-PKcs-SIRT5 interaction.
As part of a program for the development of synthetic vaccines against the pathogen Shigella flexneri, the conformational behavior of the O-specific polysaccharide (O-SP) of S. flexneri 5a and of four related synthetic pentasaccharide fragments was studied with a combination of NMR and molecular modeling methods. The NMR conformational analysis based on 1H and 13C chemical shifts analysis, inter-residue distances evaluation as well as one- and three-bond heteronuclear coupling constants measurements shows that the conformation of one of the four related pentasaccharides closely mimics the conformational features of the native O-SP in solution. Inhibition ELISA demonstrated that a protective monoclonal antibody specific for S. flexneri 5a shows a higher affinity for this pentasaccharide when compared with the others. A complete conformational search was carried out on the pentasaccharides using the CICADA algorithm interfaced with MM3 force field. Boltzman-averaged inter-residue distances and 3J C,H coupling constants were calculated for the different conformational families and compared to data obtained by NMR on all pentasaccharides. Experimental data are consistent with only one conformational family. From these informations, several models of the O-SP  have been built with the molecular builder POLYS. The models in agreement with NMR data consist of right-handed helices presenting the branched glucosyl residue toward the external surface of their cylinder.
BACKGROUND: Hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a T helper 17 cell response-driven disease, and PD-1 (programmed cell death 1)/PD-L1 (programmed cell death-ligand 1) inhibitor-associated pulmonary hypertension has been reported recently. This study is designed to explore whether the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway participates in HPH via regulating endothelial dysfunction and T helper 17 cell response.
METHODS: Lung tissue samples were obtained from eligible patients. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence techniques were used to assess protein expression, while immunoprecipitation was utilized to detect ubiquitination. HPH models were established in C57BL/6 WT (wild-type) and PD-1-/- mice, followed by treatment with PD-L1 recombinant protein. Adeno-associated virus vector delivery was used to upregulate PD-L1 in the endothelial cells. Endothelial cell function was assessed through assays for cell angiogenesis and adhesion.
RESULTS: Expression of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway was downregulated in patients with HPH and mouse models, with a notable decrease in PD-L1 expression in endothelial cells compared with the normoxia group. In comparison to WT mice, PD-1-/- mice exhibited a more severe HPH phenotype following exposure to hypoxia, However, administration of PD-L1 recombinant protein and overexpression of PD-L1 in lung endothelial cells mitigated HPH. In vitro, blockade of PD-L1 with a neutralizing antibody promoted endothelial cell angiogenesis, adhesion, and pyroptosis. Mechanistically, hypoxia downregulated PD-L1 protein expression through ubiquitination. Additionally, both in vivo and in vitro, PD-L1 inhibited T helper 17 cell response through the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/AKT (protein kinase B)/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway in HPH.
CONCLUSIONS: PD-1/PD-L1 plays a role in ameliorating HPH development by inhibiting T helper 17 cell response through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and improving endothelial dysfunction, suggesting a novel therapeutic indication for PD-1/PD-L1-based immunomodulatory therapies in the treatment of HPH.
A combined pharmaceutical preparation has two hormonal components for sequential oral administration separately conditioned in a packaging unit that consist of a number of daily dosing units separately conditioned in and individually removable from the packaging unit. The first hormonal component contains as active hormonal substance a dose of oestrogen combined with a dose of a gestagen preparation that is at least sufficient to inhibit ovulation. The second hormonal component contains as active hormonal substance only an oestrogen preparation. The first hormonal component consists of 23 or 24 daily units and the second hormonal component of 4 to 10 daily units. The total number of hormonal daily units equals the total number of days in the desired cycle, but at least 28 days. This combined female contraception preparation allows the oestrogen content in each individual dosing unit to be reduced as much as possible and also has a low total hormonal content per administration cycle, while ensuring a high contraceptive dependability, a low incidence of follicle development, a flawless cycle control and a reliable prevention of spotting and other undesirable side effects.
PURPOSE:To provide a new benzoquinone derivative effective in oral and parenteral administration passageways, extending the survival period of a mouse under a low oxygen load and useful as an agent for preventing and treating ischemic cerebral disorders. CONSTITUTION:A compound of formula I (R<1> to R<3> are H, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy; X is H, CH3, 0CH3, halogen; m, n are 1,2). For example, 4(5,6-dimethyl-3- methyl-1, 4-benzoquinon-2-yl)-4-phenyl-1-thiomorphorino-1-oxobutane-S-oxide. The compound of formula I wherein n is l can be produced by reacting the compound of formula II with 1-2 equivalents of an oxidizing agent in a solvent not relating to the reaction at a temperature of 0-80 deg.C. The compound of formula I wherein n is 2 can also selectively be produced by reacting the compound of formula II with 2-10moles of the oxidizing agent in the same method as in the above-mentioned method. The compound as a medicine is usually administered in a dose of 0.1-1000mg, preferably 10-500mg, a day for an adult.
Participants in the experimental group will receive dual-task training, which consists of cognitive and motor task carried out at the same time. The length of therapy is 12 weeks; sessions are 3 times per week, each session lasts 45 minutes, and total sessions are 36.
An osmotic bursting device for dispensing a beneficial agent to an aqueous environment. The device comprises a beneficial agent and osmagent surrounded at least in part by a semipermeable membrane. Alternatively the beneficial agent may also function as the osmagent. The semipermeable membrane is permeable to water and substantially impermeable to the beneficial agent and osmagent. A trigger means is attached to the semipermeable membrane (e.g., joins two capsule halves). The trigger means is activated by a pH of from 3 to 9 and triggers the eventual, but sudden, delivery of the beneficial agent. These devices enable the pH-triggered release of the beneficial agent core as a bolus by osmotic bursting.
While mental disorders have been broadly researched in people with intellectual disabilities (ID), comparatively less attention has been given to the conceptualisation of good mental health for this population. To capture existing concepts, definitions and measurement approaches of good mental health a systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. The search was carried out in eleven databases, using various synonyms of (i) intellectual disability, (ii) mental health, (iii) wellbeing, (iv) definition, and (v) assessment. A total of 2,046 datasets were identified, of which 37 met the inclusion criteria and were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis and content analysis. Results show four main themes: (1) environment, (2) absence of mental illness, (3) physical health, and (4) psychosocial functioning. The fourth was the most dominant theme and was further divided into five sub-themes: (1) emotionality, (2) interpersonal relations, (3) realise own potential, (4) personal resources, and (5) overall appraisal of life. Our findings reveal different conceptualisations of wellbeing, which is a vital part of good mental health, but highlight a notable research gap in the actual definition and conceptualisation of good mental health for people with ID.
Oseltamivir phosphate an influenza neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI), is available as: A powder for oral suspension, which when constituted with water as directed contains 6 mg per mL oseltamivir base. 

In addition to the active ingredient, the powder for oral suspension contains monosodium citrate, saccharin sodium, sodium benzoate, sorbitol, titanium dioxide, tutti-frutti flavoring, and xanthan gum. 

Oseltamivir phosphate is a white crystalline solid with the chemical name (3R,4R,5S)-4-acetylamino-5-amino-3(1-ethylpropoxy)-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid, ethyl ester, phosphate (1:1). The chemical formula is C16H28N2O4 (free base). The molecular weight is 312.4 for oseltamivir free base and 410.4 for oseltamivir phosphate salt. The structural formula is as follows:
PURPOSE: To obtain the subject composition low in viscosity and ready in operation in spite of high solid content, comprising a specific water-insoluble polymer and an annealing agent in a state of a water-soluble polymer. CONSTITUTION: This composition for coating comprises an aqueous dispersion of an emulsion-derived latex type which is obtained by combining a water- insoluble polymer selected from ethyl cellulose, a polyvinyl acetate phthalate, cellulose acetate phthalate and hydroxymethyl cellulose phthalate with an annealing agent (e.g. hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl cellulose or polyvinylpyrrolidone) in a state of a water-soluble polymer and has 0.1-20 micron solid particle size of the dispersion and 10-60wt.%, especially 25-35wt.% of solid content. The composition is further mixed with a plasticizer (e.g. glycerol or diethyl phthalate) and an additive (e.g. triacetylene) for improving coating characteristics.
Background Mouthwash is a commonly used product with the potential to prevent STIs. This study aimed to determine the association between mouthwash use frequency with sexual behaviours and STIs among Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among MSM in Xi'an, China, from January to September 2022. Participants were categorised into non-mouthwash users, occasional (used it less than once every week) and frequent (used it more than once every week) mouthwash users. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to identify the association between mouthwash use frequency with sexual behaviours. Results Of 838 MSM included in the analysis, 621 (74.11%) reported never using mouthwash, whereas 47 (5.60%) used it occasionally and 170 (20.29%) used it frequently. Frequent mouthwash users had a lower prevalence of chlamydia compared with occasional users (8.33% vs 23.93%, P Conclusion MSM with more sexual partners or lower condom use frequency were more likely to be frequent mouthwash users. However, frequent mouthwash users had a lower chlamydia prevalence.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To examine the effects and interactions between gut microbia and chronic pain.
RECENT FINDINGS: The gut microbiome has been an area of interest in both the scientific and general audience due to a growing body of evidence suggesting its influence in a variety of health and disease states. Communication between the central nervous system (CNS) and gut microbiome is said to be bidirectional, in what is referred to as the gut-brain axis. Chronic pain is a prevalent costly personal and public health burden and so, there is a vested interest in devising safe and efficacious treatments. Numerous studies, many of which are animal studies, have been conducted to examine the gut microbiome's role in the pathophysiology of chronic pain states, such as neuropathy, inflammation, visceral pain, etc. As the understanding of this relationship grows, so does the potential for therapeutic targeting of the gut microbiome in chronic pain.
KEY POINTS: WWP2 expression is elevated in the tubulointerstitium of fibrotic kidneys and contributes to CKD pathogenesis and progression. WWP2 uncouples the profibrotic activation and cell proliferation in renal myofibroblasts. WWP2 controls mitochondrial respiration in renal myofibroblasts through the metabolic regulator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha.
BACKGROUND: Renal fibrosis is a common pathologic end point in CKD that is challenging to reverse, and myofibroblasts are responsible for the accumulation of a fibrillar collagen–rich extracellular matrix. Recent studies have unveiled myofibroblasts' diversity in proliferative and fibrotic characteristics, which are linked to different metabolic states. We previously demonstrated the regulation of extracellular matrix genes and tissue fibrosis by WWP2, a multifunctional E3 ubiquitin–protein ligase. Here, we investigate WWP2 in renal fibrosis and in the metabolic reprograming of myofibroblasts in CKD.
METHODS: We used kidney samples from patients with CKD and WWP2-null kidney disease mice models and leveraged single-cell RNA sequencing analysis to detail the cell-specific regulation of WWP2 in fibrotic kidneys. Experiments in primary cultured myofibroblasts by bulk-RNA sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, metabolomics, and cellular metabolism assays were used to study the metabolic regulation of WWP2 and its downstream signaling.
RESULTS: The tubulointerstitial expression of WWP2 was associated with fibrotic progression in patients with CKD and in murine kidney disease models. WWP2 deficiency promoted myofibroblast proliferation and halted profibrotic activation, reducing the severity of renal fibrosis in vivo. In renal myofibroblasts, WWP2 deficiency increased fatty acid oxidation and activated the pentose phosphate pathway, boosting mitochondrial respiration at the expense of glycolysis. WWP2 suppressed the transcription of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), a metabolic mediator of fibrotic response, and pharmacologic inhibition of PGC-1α partially abrogated the protective effects of WWP2 deficiency on myofibroblasts.
CONCLUSIONS: WWP2 regulates the metabolic reprogramming of profibrotic myofibroblasts by a WWP2-PGC-1α axis, and WWP2 deficiency protects against renal fibrosis in CKD.
There is mounting evidence suggesting that current practice is failing to provide early detection of LONIPCs, before critical loss of lung function occurs. Furthermore, autopsy series in HSCT patients have revealed a wide spectrum of pulmonary pathology in different compartments of the lung (airway, parenchyma, interstitium) within the same individual. These findings imply that LONIPCs and the extent of their pulmonary involvement are under-recognized, which adversely impacts the clinical trajectory and outcomes of HSCT patients. These findings also suggest that the underlying pathophysiology is multi-faceted and diffuse, highlighting a need for a multi-modal approach to early detection, and better characterization of the spectrum of pulmonary involvement. In this study, we plan to examine and compare different diagnostic modalities which can provide detailed physiological and anatomical characterization of LONIPCs. We propose an observational study using hyperpolarized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to capture the anatomical and functional spectrum of LONIPCs post-HSCT. Hyperpolarized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a novel and noninvasive functional imaging method, with the capacity to evaluate pulmonary structure and function. Inhaled hyperpolarized gas (129Xenon) maps focal areas of ventilation defects, a functional consequence of small airway obstruction, which often goes undetected on PFT in early disease states. It can provide additional information on alveolar structure and gas diffusion, lending insight into pathology in other compartments. Oscillometry technique (FOT) is a non-invasive technique using wave frequency to map out large and small airways, commonly used in pediatric pulmonology. We propose to examine the 2 novel modalities in HSCT patients with and without LONIPC/BOS. We hypothesize that the use of functional-structural imaging and FOT will provide better characterization and the extent of LONIPCs in early diseases states post-HSCT. These findings will provide invaluable insight into the pathophysiology of LONIPCs, providing a platform for future research into the early diagnosis and treatment of these high-burden diseases.
Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is one of the biomarkers used as an indicator of brain disorder, but since it is also found in blood cell components, there is a concern that a spurious increase in NSE may occur after cardiovascular surgery, where cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) causes hemolysis. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between the degree of hemolysis and NSE after cardiovascular surgery and the usefulness of immediate postoperative NSE values in the diagnosis of brain disorder. A retrospective study of 198 patients who underwent surgery with CPB in the period from May 2019 to May 2021 was conducted. Postoperative NSE levels and Free hemoglobin (F-Hb) levels were compared in both groups. In addition, to verify the relationship between hemolysis and NSE, we examined the correlation between F-Hb levels and NSE levels. We also examined whether different surgical procedures could produce an association between hemolysis and NSE. Among 198 patients, 20 had postoperative stroke (Group S) and 178 had no postoperative stroke (Group U). There was no significant difference in postoperative NSE levels and F-Hb levels between Group S and Group U (p = 0.264, p = 0.064 respectively). F-Hb and NSE were weakly correlated (r = 0.29. p < 0.01). In conclusion, NSE level immediately after cardiac surgery with CPB is modified by hemolysis rather than brain injury, therefore it would be unreliable as a biomarker of brain disorder.