anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are commonly treated with two-stage revision surgery utilising antibiotic-loaded spacers; however, antibiotic release from spacers is limited and usually drops below effective levels a few days after placement. This study compared high-dose and standard-dose vancomycin-loaded spacers in terms of efficacy, safety, and overall treatment duration in a rat periprosthetic joint infection model.
METHODS: Thirty male Wistar albino rats (8-10 weeks old, 300-320 g) were housed individually at standard conditions. A periprosthetic infection model was established in the right knee of the rats using methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) -contaminated Kirschner wires. Two weeks later, the infection was verified, and the Kirschner wires were removed. Rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10): standard-dose (SVanc) and high-dose (HVanc) vancomycin groups had 2.5 and 7.5% vancomycin in their spacers, respectively, while the control group had no spacers. All groups received intramuscular (IM) vancomycin and gentamicin for 4 weeks after spacer implantation. Microbiological counts and vancomycin levels in the blood and joint flush samples were measured, and histopathological assessments were conducted on the femur and kidneys.
RESULTS: After spacer implantation, MRSA was eliminated in the HVanc group with 4 weeks of treatment, while the SVanc group required 6 weeks of treatment (P < 0.001). Histopathological findings of the femoral medulla and cortical samples were better in the HVanc group compared with other groups (P = 0.007). Vancomycin levels in serum remained within safe limits in all groups, and kidney damage was not observed.
CONCLUSION: The use of high-dose vancomycin spacers might accelerate the transition period, which in turn reduces the duration of systemic antibiotic use and mitigates the risk of nephrotoxicity. Thus, this method may decrease the medical costs associated with PJI treatment.
The invention relates to the suppression of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and immune checkpoint blockade. Unusual responses have been observed in patients treated with checkpoint inhibition anti-PD-1 or anti-CTLA-4 antibodies. However, immunotherapy against poorly immunogenic cancers remains challenging. Treatment with both anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies failed to eradicate the appropriate immunogenic CT26 large tumors or metastatic 4T1 tumors. However, co-treatment with epigenetic modulating drugs and checkpoint inhibitors significantly improved treatment outcomes, curing more than 80% of them. Functional studies revealed that the primary target of epigenetic modulators is bone marrow-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). PI3K inhibitors that reduce circulating MDSCs also cured 80% of mice with metastatic 4T1 tumors when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Thus, cancers that are resistant to immune checkpoint blockade can be cured by elimination of MDSCs.
Participants will be administered belantamab mafodotin 2.5 mg/kg or 3.4 mg/kg as an intravenous infusion on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle over 30 minutes. Participants will be treated until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, end of study or informed consent withdrawal.
COVID-19 is characterized by SARS-CoV-2 induced up-regulation of host protein kinase CK2 that catalyzes phosphorylation of many proteins, modulating their activities in cellular processes. CX-4945 demonstrated anti-viral efficacy in COVID-19 in vitro studies. In CX4945-AV01-IIT(IND 152726), CX-4945 was a safe treatment at 1000 mg BID regimen supported by the fact of no occurrence of treatment related Grade ≥ 3 AE, death or SUSAR. There were approximately 50 % of patients who experienced gastrointestinal disorders of grade 1-2. In CX4945-AV01-IIT, an out-patient study, there were 50% experienced gastrointestinal disorders. To further evaluate the safety and tolerability of CX-4945, this phase 1 study will use lower doses and subjects will be close-monitored to evaluate the safety.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Decreased muscle mass and physical function are common complications in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Thus, there have been targeted efforts to prevent and/or improve both by enrolling these patients in exercise training programs. We performed a systematic review to evaluate the effects of exercise training on muscle mass and physical function in people with HCC after diagnosis.
METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted using the Medline, Base, PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus, and trial registries, through April 2023 for studies that assessed the effects of an exercise training program in adults with HCC. The primary outcomes were muscle mass and physical function. To assess the risk of bias, we used the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies from the Effective Public Health Practice Project.
RESULTS: Eight studies met inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 809 participants. Interventions included aerobic exercise training, resistance exercise training, balance and flexibility training, or home-based exercise training. Four studies showed statistically significant improvements in at least one muscular outcome. Three studies showed a maintenance of muscular outcomes, and one study showed a decrease in muscle mass. Four articles showed statistically improvements in at least one physical fitness variable, and two showed a maintenance of physical function variable.
CONCLUSION: Together, the results suggest that patients may benefit from physical exercise training after treatment to improve muscle mass and physical function.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide new functional drinking water using deep sea water which has mineral ingredients approximately same with those of human bodies.  <P>SOLUTION: Provided is the new functional drinking water characterized by mixing mineral-containing water 1 with slightly digestible dextrin 7 to mainly contribute to the stabilization of blood glucose level. The mineral-containing water is at least one of land-based natural water 3 and desalted deep water 2 separated from deep sea water M in a depth of ≥200 m under sea level. The land-based natural water is drawn up from the underground, and the deep sea water is Japan sea-characteristic cold water N collected from Toyama bay. The desalted deep water is mineral-concentrated water n3 of the Japan sea-characteristic cold water separated by a multistage type electrodialysis method, and the slightly digestible dextrin is at least one of reduced type dextrin 5 and a non-reduced type dextrin 6.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: Erosive hand osteoarthritis (EHOA) is an aggressive form of hand osteoarthritis that leads to significant disability, and recent data suggests that it is increasing in prevalence. This review provides an update of our current understanding of epidemiology, genetic associations, biomarkers, pathogenesis, and treatment of EHOA, with particular focus on studies published within the last 5 years.
RECENT FINDINGS: New studies of EHOA have identified new genetic loci associated with disease, including variants in genes involved in inflammation and bone remodeling. Preclinical studies implicate pathways of innate immunity, including some that may be causal in the condition. Recent novel studies showed that inflammatory features identified by ultrasound and MRI are associated with development of erosive lesions over time on conventional radiography. In the future, these imaging modalities may be useful in identifying patients at risk of adverse outcomes. Promising new findings in genetics, biomarkers, and treatment targets will hopefully allow for future therapeutic options for this debilitating condition.
The Finnish data will come from three pooled cross-sectional national health surveys in Finland (FinSote 2018-2020) of 44,199 participants aged 20 and older. The study samples included permanent residents in Finland from the FinSote surveys 2018, 2019, and 2020. The unique personal identifier assigned to all Finnish residents will be linked to the Communicable Diseases Registry to obtain information on diagnoses of COVID-19, to the Care Register for Health Care (HILMO) to obtain information on hospital admissions due to COVID-19, and to Statistics Finland Mortality Data to obtain information on deaths. Data on some sociodemographic characteristics will be also obtained from the Digital and Population Data Services Agency.
BACKGROUND: Chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) is a substantial problem in pediatric and adult patients with similar symptoms and workup; however, surgical management of these populations differs. We systematically reviewed the trends and outcomes in the surgical management of CIC in pediatric and adult populations.
METHODS: A literature search was performed using Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov between January 1, 1995 and June 26, 2020. Clinical trials and retrospective and prospective studies of patients of any age with a diagnosis of CIC with data of at least 1 outcome of interest were selected. The interventions included surgical resection for constipation or antegrade continence enema (ACE) procedures. The outcome measures included bowel movement frequency, abdominal pain, laxative use, satisfaction, complications, and reinterventions.
RESULTS: Adult patients were most likely to undergo resection (94%), whereas pediatric patients were more likely to undergo ACE procedures (96%) as their primary surgery. Both ACE procedures and resections were noted to improve symptoms of CIC; however, ACE procedures were associated with higher complication and reintervention rates.
CONCLUSION: Surgical management of CIC in pediatric and adult patients differs with pediatric patients receiving ACE procedures and adults undergoing resections. The evaluation of resections and long-term ACE data in pediatric patients should be performed to inform patients and physicians whether an ACE is an appropriate procedure despite high complication and reintervention rates or whether resections should be considered as an initial approach for CIC.
The safe and effective use of this drug in children has not been established. Usage of this drug in children under 12 years of age is not recommended.   
  
Fetal Toxicity

Premature Closure of Fetal Ductus Arteriosus:

Avoid use of NSAIDs, including Norgesic TM Tablets, in pregnant women at about 30 weeks gestation and later. NSAIDs including Norgesic TM Tablets, increase the risk of premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus at approximately this gestational age. 

Oligohydramnios/Neonatal Renal Impairment:

Use of NSAIDs, including Norgesic TM Tablets, at about 20 weeks gestation or later in pregnancy may cause fetal renal dysfunction leading to oligohydramnios and, in some cases, neonatal renal impairment. These adverse outcomes are seen, on average, after days to weeks of treatment, although oligohydramnios has been infrequently reported as soon as 48 hours after NSAID initiation. Oligohydramnios is often, but not always, reversible with treatment discontinuation. Complications of prolonged oligohydramnios may, for example, include limb contractures and delayed lung maturation. In some postmarketing cases of impaired neonatal renal function, invasive procedures such as exchange transfusion or dialysis were required. 

If NSAID treatment is necessary between about 20 weeks and 30 weeks gestation, limit Norgesic TM Tablets use to the lowest effective dose and shortest duration possible. Consider ultrasound monitoring of amniotic fluid if Norgesic TM Tablets treatment extends beyond 48 hours. Discontinue Norgesic TM Tablets if oligohydramnios occurs and follow up according to clinical practice [ see PRECAUTIONS; Pregnancy] .

Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)

Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) has been reported in patients taking NSAIDs such as Norgesic TM Tablets. Some of these events have been fatal or life-threatening. DRESS typically, although not exclusively, presents with fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, and/or facial swelling. Other clinical manifestations may include hepatitis, nephritis, hematological abnormalities, myocarditis, or myositis. Sometimes symptoms of DRESS may resemble an acute viral infection. Eosinophilia is often present. Because this disorder is variable in its presentation, other organ systems not noted here may be involved. It is important to note that early manifestations of hypersensitivity, such as fever or lymphadenopathy, may be present even though rash is not evident. If such signs or symptoms are present, discontinue Norgesic TM Tablets and evaluate the patient immediately.
There is still a poor understanding of the pain, fatigue, and other symptoms that affect approximately 250,000 veterans. The precise mechanism of Gulf War Illness (GWI) is not understood, and there is no targeted treatment for the condition. A current model for GWI points to the central nervous system, immune cells, called microglia that may be hyperactive in patients with GWI. Discovering effective treatments for this disorder is a top priority of GWI research.

Given the investigator's preliminary data, it is suspected that GWI is a form of low-level neuroinflammation that involves hypersensitivity of receptors on microglia. In order to help test that hypothesis, the investigators will be administering supplements that have been shown in vitro or animal in vivo to suppress microglia function in a way that is anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective. If any of these agents suppress symptoms in GWI, it will give the investigators important information about the disease that may allow for creation of better diagnostic tools and treatments in future research studies. Observing the effects of the selected nine anti-inflammatory botanical compounds, in this clinical study, is a strong compliment to the ongoing mechanistic GWI research.
The invention discloses a pure Chinese medicine composition for treating pharyngitis and belongs to the human living need department, the medicine department, and the technical field of the curative activity of compounds or medicine preparations, divided according to the International Patent Classification (IPC). The invention aims at providing a pure Chinese medicine composition for treating pharyngitis, which is completely formulated from natural pure Chinese medicines, and free of toxic and side effects. The medicine composition is composed of the natural pure Chinese medicines, namely radix scrophulariae, oroxylum indicum, rhizoma zingiberis, cassia twig, puffball, platycodon grandiflorum, ganoderma lucidum, radix ophiopogonis, blackberry lily and liquorice without toxic and side effects in an optimized proportioning ratio. The pure Chinese medicine composition is characterized by having the effect of treating swollen sore throat, polydipsia, hoarseness and the like, and has no toxic and side effects on human body because the pure Chinese medicine ingredients of the formula have a supplementary effect. According to the novel technical scheme, the medicine composition disclosed by the invention is wide in applications in the technical field of the curative activity of medicine preparations. The pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials of the medicine composition disclosed by the invention can be medicinal carriers, excipients and other additives for conventional preparations.
The patients in this group received heating and cooling combination therapy by a certified Korean Medicine Doctor with more than 6 years of oriental medicine college education and 2 years of clinical experience. Doctor press 8 acupuncture points which is treated in LBP patients and select the most painful 2 acupuncture points. Device's probe is attached to the acupuncture points in 15 minutes. Probe's temperature is changed 5 cycles from maximum 45℃ to minimum 15℃.
Patients able to swallow will be given capsulized FMT using 15 capsules a day for two consecutive days. Patients will be treated concomitantly with omeprazole 20mg once in the evening before FMT and daily for the next 2 days.
This protocol will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine the localization of verbal working memory and translation systems in normal volunteers who speak English as a second language. Several important issues in areas such as language acquisition, cortical plasticity, and bilingualism will be advanced by an increased understanding of how multiple languages are represented in the brain. There are also an increasing number of bilingual patients who need to undergo surgical intervention, particularly for uncontrolled epilepsy, or suffer from a variety of neurological disorders affecting different languages to varying degrees. It is very important to accurately assess and localize language functions in these patients. This study will identify cortical areas activated by the immediate translation of words and sentences between native and second languages, as well as differences in verbal working memory systems between two languages. It will also evaluate differences in verbal working memory and translation systems among subjects with different proficiency and different age at acquisition of their second language. This study will advance our understanding of the cortical representation that underlies multiple language functions.
Stable aqueous glycerin iodine concentrates are provided which are adapted for dilution in water to yield germicidal iodine use solutions. The concentrates include from about glycerin, iodine, and iodide ion. Preferably, the concentrates further include one or more additives such as compatible wetting agents, hydrotropes, thickening agents, additional emollients and buffering systems. The quantities of iodide ion and iodine are such that the ratio of iodide ion to iodine is from about 0.5:1 to about 6:1. The concentrates are stable for a period of at least about 3 months at room temperature and are dilutable at a ratio of 1 part concentrate with from about 2-80 parts water. The concentrates can be formulated to give very low free iodine values as concentrates which dramatically increase in diluted use solutions to values which are from about 2 to about 300 times greater than the free iodine in the concentrates.
PURPOSE:To obtain a compsn. which is not sticky and does not give feeling of overdrying or of being stretched due to drying of the solid component by incorporating a specified amt. of an oil component and a specific substance into the compsn. CONSTITUTION:The compsn. contains 20-90% oil component (e.g. cetyl isooctanoate, isopropyl myristate, or a liq. paraffin) and at least one post- foaming agent selected from the group consisting of isopentane, n-pentane, isobutane, and n-butane.
A variety of clinical studies have demonstrated that elevated levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoprotein B-100 (Apo B) promote human atherosclerosis. Similarly, decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are associated with the development of atherosclerosis. Epidemiological investigations have established that cardiovascular morbidity and mortality vary directly with the level of TC and LDL-C, and inversely with the level of HDL-C.

Cholesterol-enriched triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, including very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL), and their remnants, can also promote atherosclerosis. Elevated plasma triglycerides (TG) are frequently found in a triad with low HDL-C levels and small LDL particles, as well as in association with non-lipid metabolic risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). As such, total plasma TG have not consistently been shown to be an independent risk factor for CHD.

As an adjunct to diet, the efficacy of niacin and lovastatin in improving lipid profiles (either individually, or in combination with each other, or niacin in combination with other statins) for the treatment of dyslipidemia has been well documented. The effect of combined therapy with niacin and lovastatin on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality has not been determined.
In our study, we aimed to investigate the negative effects of the prefrontal cortex (PFC)-associated impairment of cholinergic activity on memory and learning caused by high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) and the protective role of vitamin D in adolescent rats. Twenty-four animals were divided into three groups as control, HFCS group (11 % HFCS-55 solution, ad libitum) and HFCS+ Vit D (42 μg/kg/day). Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), Forced Swim Test (FST), and Morris Water Maze (MWM, performed from day 23) tests were applied to all animals. Fluid intake consumption of the rats was measured daily, weight gain and blood glucose were measured weekly. After 31 days of treatment, the rats were sacrificed and PFC tissue was removed for biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. In HFCS group, fluid consumption, blood glucose, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, degenerative neuron count and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) expression were significantly increased; superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) enzyme activity and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression were significantly decreased. In addition, the time spent in the enclosed arm in EPM was increased, the immobility time in FST was, and the time spent in the target quadrant in MWM was significantly decreased. Vitamin D treatment reversed all these parameters. In conclusion, HFCS caused an increase in the number of degenerative neurons in the PFC, disrupted cholinergic activity and negatively affected learning-memory functions. Vitamin D, decreased the number of degenerative neurons, increased cholinergic activity and positively affected learning and memory performance. BRIEF SYNOPSIS: In this study, prefrontal cortex damage was investigated in adolescent rats fed high fructose corn syrup. The effect of vitamin D on prefrontal cortex damage was evaluated.
The invention provides adsorption of a black fungus extractant to endogenous and exogenous toxin of an organism and application thereof. A hot water leaching method is adopted, i.e. the method comprises the following steps of: cleaning 20-30g of dry fruit body of black fungus, removing the root and the stem, cutting, adding 1800-2200ml of distilled water to heat and boil, extracting for 1.5-2.5h in boiling water bath, reducing temperature, filtering with gauzes, centrifuging filtrate, taking the supernatant and discarding the filter residue; repeating the step and re-extracting twice, combining the supernatant for three times, heating and concentrating to 1/2.8--1/3.5 of the total amount before the concentration, bottling and sterilizing at high pressure to obtain the extractant. The animal experiments show that the adsorption of the extractant to the endogenous and exogenous toxin of organism is better than that of a traditional clinic medicament. The adsorption of the extractant can be used for eliminating the intracorporal cumulative toxicants due to the acute and chronic renal insufficiency, eliminating the intracorporal cumulative toxicants due to the acute and chronic liver insufficiency, assistantly preventing and treating the clinical endogenous and exogenous infectious diseases and eliminating the enteric cumulative toxicants of a normal person. The extractant can be prepared into powder, tablets, injection, pills or slow-release agent. The extractant has favorable adsorption, no toxic or side effects and low cost, and develops the markets for the health-care and the beauty culture.