anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention relates to recombinant gene sequences for synthesising a protein with a biological activity of the PilC protein. The invention also relates to DNA recombination processes to produce proteins with the biological activity of the PilC protein and the molecular-biological tools needed therein. The invention also relates to proteins with the biological activity of the PilC protein and their antibodies. Further embodiments of the invention are medicaments containing said proteins or antibodies. These medicaments are preferably used as immunising agents against pathogenic type 4-pilus-bearing bacteria. The invention also relates to kits for detecting type 4-pilus-bearing bacteria or their antibodies containing said proteins or antibodies. Finally, the invention relates to cellular receptors for type 4-pilus-bearing bacteria and their analogues.
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the umbrella term for a heterogeneous group of inflammatory arthropathies that can affect children and young adults and is the most common rheumatic disease of the pediatric population. In high-income countries it has a yearly incidence of 2-20 cases per 100 000 population and a prevalence of 16-150 cases per 100 000 population. Treatment of JIA includes a combination of pharmacological interventions, physical and occupational therapy, and psychosocial support. Although a definitive cure is still not available, the prognosis for patients with JIA has improved greatly in recent years due to improved disease management and with the introduction of biologics that can provide an efficient alternative for patients who are nonresponsive to other treatments. Traditionally, biologic treatments in JIA have focused on blocking one of the central mediators of the inflammatory response, the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Currently there are three anti-TNF agents available for the treatment of JIA: infliximab, adalimumab and etanercept. One of the major drawbacks of these therapeutics is the production of anti-drug antibodies (ADA) that have been correlated with an increased risk of adverse events and loss of drug efficacy. The study will evaluate the frequency of the formation of anti-infliximab antibodies in patients treated with infliximab, anti-adalimumab antibodies in patients treated with adalimumab and anti-etanercept antibodies in patients treated with etanercept. A common practice in cases nonresponsive to one of the described anti-TNF agents is the discontinuation of therapy and switching to a different ant-TNF agent. Therefore, the frequency of the formation of antibodies to each of the described anti-TNF agents will also be compared between patients who have previously received a different anti-TNF agent and patients who have not received any previous anti-TNF therapy. The results of this study will highlight the risks of formation of antibodies to three different anti-TNF biologic agents used for the therapy of JIA either alone or after the previous discontinuation of a different anti-TNF agent.
INTRODUCTION: Urinary incontinence (UI), especially stress UI, is common after prostatectomy. Penile compression devices (PCDs) may be a safe, tolerable option for conservative management in men who are not candidates for or not interested in surgical intervention for their UI.
AREAS COVERED: This article examines the epidemiology of post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence (PPI), and options for management. All available studies on PCDs are explored, including those on biomechanics, safety, tolerability, and user experience. History, availability of PCDs, and areas for future development are discussed.
EXPERT OPINION: PCDs are an option for conservative management of PPI. They are recommended for those men without impairment in cognition, dexterity, or sensation. They should be worn for short periods of time and are best used during situations when incontinence might be precipitated. Overall, data suggest they are well tolerated and effective when tested, but large randomized comparative trials and studies of long-term use with relevant patient reported outcome measures are lacking. More studies are needed on commercially available PCDs. Biomechanical studies suggest that there are superior designs and materials both for efficacy and tolerability. With an aging population, and more older men going for prostate surgery, a larger market for these devices is likely.
A hydration sensor or sensing element configured to measure the hydration level of a user is disclosed. The sensing element can include a water-permeable material positioned in between two water-impermeable material. The sensing element can be coupled to a bottle of fluid, or a carrier with a timer. The sensing element can be incorporated into a handheld device. The sensing element can be a disposable element, an element applicable for more than one-time use, or a re-usable element. The sensing element or sensor can be calibrated for a specific user or a group of users. One or more additional sensors that do not measure hydration level of the user can be coupled to a hydration sensing element to determine the amount of fluid consumption for the user in different conditions.
Patients aged from 20 to 39 years old. 30 males and 30 females.
The protocol for number and timing of visits will be the same for both NFP+IPVI and Standard Care, as follows: weekly for the first four visits, every other week for the remainder of the pregnancy, every week for six weeks in the postpartum and every other week until the infant is 21 months old after which it is once a month for the last three months. We recognize that the intervention might prompt the nurse and mother to alter the regular visit schedule if IPV is present.
The patient nudge will be a text message. Patients with a visit scheduled with their primary care clinician will be identified and sent this text 72 hours before their scheduled visit. The text will remind them of the visit, inform them of their eligibility for a statin, describe the benefits and risks of statin therapy, and ask the patient to discuss statin therapy with their primary care clinician during the visit.
PURPOSE: To detect the existence of corneal lesion by picking a sample of a tear from a region suspected to have a change to a morbit state, and testing on the liquid concerning the existence of plasmin activity. CONSTITUTION: Especially a proteolytic enzyme inhibitor composed of aprotinin is used for curing a person of corneal lesion. The dose is about 5-200IU/ml, and the lesion of epithelium is cured. On examining the existence of plasmin activity within four months concerning many patients having a resistance against erosion, after treatment positivity is shown in many cases, and especially a patient having treatment resistant erosion shows a high rate. From these facts, a corneal ulcer patient is cured by conventional curing method including an antimicrobial agent about four days from the beginning of finding, and when there is no change and it is detected in a plasmin tear liquid, treatment using aprotinin is started. Thus, quick formation of epithelium is promoted to be guided to complete healing.
INTRODUCTION: Murine tumor growth restriction by neem leaf glycoprotein (NLGP) was established in various transplanted models of murine sarcoma, melanoma and carcinoma. However, the role of NLGP in the sequential carcinogenic steps has not been explored. Thus, tongue carcinogenesis in Swiss mice was induced by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO), which has close resemblance to human carcinogenesis process. Interventional role of NLGP in initiation-promotion protocol established during 4NQO mediated tongue carcinogenesis in relation to systemic immune alteration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is investigated.
METHODS: 4NQO was painted on tongue of Swiss mice every third day at a dose of 25µl of 5mg/ml stock solution. After five consecutive treatment with 4NQO (starting Day7), one group of mice was treated with NLGP (s.c., 25µg/mice/week), keeping a group as PBS control. Mice were sacrificed in different time-intervals to harvest tongues and studied using histology, immunohistochemistry, flow-cytometry and RT-PCR on different immune cells and EMT markers (e-cadherin, vimentin) to elucidate their phenotypic and secretory status.
RESULTS: Local administration of 4NQO for consecutive 300 days promotes significant alteration in tongue mucosa including erosion in papillae and migration of malignant epithelial cells to the underlying connective tissue stroma with the formation of cell nests (exophytic-hyperkeratosis with mild dysplasia). Therapeutic NLGP treatment delayed pre-neoplastic changes promoting normalization of mucosa by maintaining normal structure. Flow-cytometric evidences suggest that NLGP treatment upregulated CD8+, IFNγ+, granzyme B+, CD11c+ cells in comparison to 4NQO treated mice with a decrease in Ki67+ and CD4+FoxP3+ cells in NLGP treated cohort. RT-PCR demonstrated a marked reduction of MMP9, IL-6, IL-2, CD31 and an upregulation in CCR5 in tongues from 4NQO+NLGP treated mice in comparison to 4NQO treated group. Moreover, 4NQO mediated changes were associated with reduction of e-cadherin and simultaneous up-regulation of vimentin expression in epithelium that was partially reversed by NLGP.
DISCUSSION: Efficacy of NLGP was tested first time in sequential carcinogenesis model and proved effective in delaying the initial progression. NLGP normalizes type 1 immunity including activation of the CD8+T effector functions, reduction of regulatory T cell functions, along with changes in EMT to make the host systemically alert to combat the carcinogenic threat.
BACKGROUND: The complication rate of modern antireflux surgery or paraesophageal hernia repair is unknown, and previous estimates have been extrapolated from institutional cohorts.
METHODS: A population-based retrospective cohort study of patient injury cases involving antireflux surgery and paraesophageal hernia repair from the Finnish National Patient Injury Centre (PIC) register between Jan 2010 and Dec 2020. Additionally, the baseline data of all the patients who underwent antireflux and paraesophageal hernia operations between Jan 2010 and Dec 2018 were collected from the Finnish national care register.
RESULTS: During the study period, 5734 operations were performed, and the mean age of the patients was 54.9 ± 14.7 years, with 59.3% (n = 3402) being women. Out of all operations, 341 (5.9%) were revision antireflux or paraesophageal hernia repair procedures. Antireflux surgery was the primary operation for 79.9% (n = 4384) of patients, and paraesophageal hernia repair was the primary operation for 20.1% (n = 1101) of patients. A total of 92.5% (5302) of all the operations were laparoscopic. From 2010 to 2020, 60 patient injury claims were identified, with half (50.0%) of the claims being related to paraesophageal hernia repair. One of the claims was made due to an injury that resulted in a patient's death (1.7%). The mean Comprehensive Complication Index scores were 35.9 (± 20.7) and 47.6 (± 20.8) (p = 0.033) for antireflux surgery and paraesophageal hernia repair, respectively. Eleven (18.3%) of the claims pertained to redo surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: The rate of antireflux surgery has diminished and the rate of paraesophageal hernia repair has risen in Finland during the era of minimally invasive surgery. Claims to the PIC remain rare, but claims regarding paraesophageal hernia repairs and redo surgery are overrepresented. Additionally, paraesophageal hernia repair is associated with more serious complications.
Prepn. of a pharmaceutical (I), contg. human protein for use as an injection or infusion soln. comprises adding at least one preservative in a concn. of up to 2% during the prepn. of (I) and opt. removing this before the prepn. of a storage stable (I) formulation. Pref. preservative has a low allergy rate and need not be removed and also has low reactivity towards the human prepn. The preservative is esp. chlorobutanol, benzylalcohol and/or benzalkonium chloride, if it is to remain in (I), or benzylalcohol, p-chloro-m-cresol or esp. pref. chloreton or pyrocarbonic acid dialkyl ester if it is to be removed, in which case the contact time between preservative and human protein is brief. The human protein is a polypeptide with erythropoietin-like action. The preservative is used in a concn. of 0.1-0.31 and the pH is 4.5-7.4. The buffer capacity of the (I) formulaton is up to 2mVal/l and the titration acidity is upto 5mVal/l. The buffer substance is tolerated by the body, eg., glycocol, sodium citrate, prim. potassium phosphate, sec. sodium phosphate, carbonate, salts of aminoacids, sodium and potassium salts of malic acid etc.
Healthy U is a self-administered intervention implemented through a tablet app with interactive learning experiences, including videos, digital games, quizzes, and role-plays. Healthy U takes youth 3-4 hours to complete. The goals of Healthy U are to: 1) Increase male youth's perception of vulnerability to unplanned fatherhood, STDs and HIV; 2) Increase male youth's self-efficacy for negotiating condom use with their partners; 3) Increase male youth's self-efficacy for using condoms correctly and consistently every time they have sex; and 4) Increase male youth's engagement with goals and dreams for their future.
Evading the cellular apoptosis mechanism by modulating multiple pathways poses a sturdy barrier to effective chemotherapy. Cancer cell adeptly resists the apoptosis signaling pathway by regulating anti and pro-apoptotic proteins to escape cell death. Nevertheless, bypassing the apoptotic pathway through necroptosis, an alternative programmed cell death process, maybe a potential therapeutic modality for apoptosis-resistant cells. However, synthetic mono-quinoxaline-based intercalator-induced cellular necroptosis as an anti-cancer perspective remains under-explored. To address this concern, we undertook the design and synthesis of quinoxaline-based small molecules (3a-3l). Our approach involved enhancing the π-surface of the mandatory benzyl moiety to augment its ability to induce DNA structural alteration via intercalation, thereby promoting cytotoxicity across various cancer cell lines (HCT116, HT-29, and HeLa). Notably, the potent compound 3a demonstrated the capacity to induce DNA damage in cancer cells, leading to the induction of ZBP1-mediated necroptosis in the RIP3-expressed cell line (HT-29), where Z-VAD effectively blocked apoptosis-mediated cell death. Interestingly, we observed that 3a induced RIP3-driven necroptosis in combination with DNA hypomethylating agents, even in the RIP3-silenced cell lines (HeLa and HCT116). Overall, our synthesized compound 3a emerged as a promising candidate against various cancers, particularly in apoptosis-compromised cells, through the induction of necroptosis.
PURPOSE: A composition containing herb extract for relieving hangover is provided to promote ADH and ALDH activation and decomposition of alcohol and acetealdehyde. CONSTITUTION: A composition for relieving hangover contains Castanea crenata inner skin extract as an active ingredient. The composition for relieving hangover contains extract of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Seed and Hovenia dulcis Thunb. seed as an active ingredient. The extract is contained in 0.01-95 weight% based on total composition. A beverage for relieving hangover contains Castanea crenata inner skin extract as an active ingredient.
The microporous implantable material of the invention is formed by dispersing crystals of a water-dissolvable material, preferably a crystalline salt such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride or calcium chloride, in an unpolymerized hydrophilic polymerizable monomer. To make synthetic bony tissue-like material, crystals of the water-dissolvable material ranging from about 50 to 200 mu, preferably 60 to 150 mu in diameter, are mixed with the monomer. The hydrophilic polymerizable monomer is polymerized about the crystals to form a hydrophilic polymeric material having crystals dispersed therethrough. The resulting material is contacted with a sufficient amount of an aqueous solution to dissolve the crystals, thereby forming a polymerized microporous material having micropores of about 50 to 200 mu in diameter at the locations where the crystals had previously been. This microporous material may then be implanted in animals or human hosts at nonweight-bearing locations such as the axillary fold to partially calcify. After partial calcification, the material is then formed into the implant of the invention.
The present invention relates to methods and compositions for inhibiting cell survival and/or promoting cell death following exposure to cytotoxic agents and stress such as radiation or chemotherapy exposure through inhibition of V-H + -ATPase. In particular, the formation and/or acidification of acidic vesicular organelles (AVOs) may be prevented or decreased by inhibiting the activity of vacuolar proton ATPase (“V-H + -ATPase”). The methods and compositions of the invention are based on the observation that (i) following irradiation surviving cancer cells accumulate AVOs and that their acidification is mediated by V-H + -ATPase; (ii) surviving colonies of cells contain higher levels of AVOs; and (iii) inhibition of V-H + -ATPase decreases the clonogenic survival of cells irradiated or exposed to chemotherapeutic agents. These observations led to the conclusion that V-H + -ATPase activity and AVO function serve to protect cells from radiation and chemotherapy damage. In addition, agents such as bFGF, TNF-α, PMA, rapamycin and tamoxifen were shown to be inducers of acidic organelle formation. Therefore signal transduction pathways mediated by these agents provide targets for drug screening assays designed to identify inhibitors of V-H + -ATPase activity and AVO formation/acidification. The present invention may be used to treat cancer subjects through sensitization of neoplastic cells to the toxic effects of radiation and chemotherapy.
Sodium bicarbonate will be dosed at 0.8meq per kilogram of ideal body weight daily (1meq is approximately 84mg). We will use the Devine formula to determine ideal body weight. Investigational Drug Services at both UC Davis and Vanderbilt will compound the sodium bicarbonate. Sodium bicarbonate 650 mg tablets will be over-encapsulated and matching placebo capsules will be prepared. Participants will be limited to a maximum of 9 capsules daily (maximum dose = 5850mg of sodium bicarbonate). Capsules will be dispensed to patients in two separate 8-week allotments. The dose will be rounded to the nearest whole capsule and depending on participant preference may be divided into portions taken twice or thrice daily. Given the high probability of interruption in sodium bicarbonate supply and availability, we may need to change brands of sodium bicarbonate intermittently.
OBJECTIVES: The relationship between cathepsins and prostate cancer (PCa) has been reported. However, there is a lack of research on cathepsins and benign prostate diseases (BPDs). This study investigated the potential genetic link between cathepsins and BPDs through the utilization of Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to determine if a causal relationship exists.
METHODS: Publicly accessible summary statistics on BPDs were obtained from FinnGen Biobank. The data comprised 149,363 individuals, with 30,066 cases and 119,297 controls for BPH, and 123,057 individuals, with 3,760 cases and 119,297 controls for prostatitis. The IEU OpenGWAS provided the Genome-wide association data on ten cathepsins. To evaluate the causal relationship between BPDs and cathepsins, five distinct MR analyses were employed, with the primary method being the inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach. Additionally, sensitivity analyses were conducted to examine the horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity of the findings.
RESULTS: The examination of IVW MR findings showed that cathepsin O had a beneficial effect on BPH (IVW OR=0.94, 95% CI 0.89-0.98, P=0.0055), while cathepsin X posed a threat to prostatitis (IVW OR=1.08, 95% CI 1.00-1.16, P=0.047). Through reverse MR analysis, it was revealed that prostatitis had an adverse impact on cathepsin V (IVW OR=0.89, 95% CI 0.80-0.99, P=0.035), while no favorable association was observed between BPH and cathepsins. The results obtained from MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode methods were consistent with the findings of the IVW approach. Based on sensitivity analyses, heterogeneity, and horizontal pleiotropy are unlikely to distort the results.
CONCLUSION: This study offers the initial evidence of a genetic causal link between cathepsins and BPDs. Our findings revealed that cathepsin O was beneficial in preventing BPH, whereas cathepsin X posed a potential threat to prostatitis. Additionally, prostatitis negatively affected cathepsin V level. These three cathepsins could be targets of diagnosis and treatment for BPDs, which need further research.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The worldwide leading cause of maternal death is severe maternal hemorrhage. Maternal hemorrhage can be profound leading to an entire loss of blood volume. In the past two decades, Patient Blood Management has evolved to improve patient's care and safety. In surgeries with increased blood loss exceeding 500 ml, the use of cell salvage is strongly recommended in order to preserve the patient's own blood volume and to minimize the need for allogeneic red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. In this review, recent evidence and controversies of the use of cell salvage in obstetrics are discussed.
RECENT FINDINGS: Numerous medical societies as well as national and international guidelines recommend the use of cell salvage during maternal hemorrhage.
SUMMARY: Intraoperative cell salvage is a strategy to maintain the patient's own blood volume and decrease the need for allogeneic RBC transfusion. Historically, cell salvage has been avoided in the obstetric population due to concerns of iatrogenic amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) or induction of maternal alloimmunization. However, no definite case of AFE has been reported so far. Cell salvage is strongly recommended and cost-effective in patients with predictably high rates of blood loss and RBC transfusion, such as women with placenta accreta spectrum disorder. However, in order to ensure sufficient practical experience in a multiprofessional obstetric setting, liberal use of cell salvage appears advisable.
Subjects will take a single dose of STI-1558 200mg/capsule on Day 1. Starting from Day 4, subjects will orally take 600mg of rifampin, q.d, for 9 consecutive days (Day 4 to Day 12). The 8th dose (Day 11) of rifampin will be co-administered with STI-1558 (200 mg/capsule × 3 capsules) to subjects.
A pharmaceutical composition and dosage form for the treatment of incontinence with oxybutynin and a second drug is provided. The second drug can be darifenacin or tolterodine. Depending upon the route of administration, the dosage form used, and the second drug used, the dosage form may independently include therapeutic or sub-therapeutic amounts of the oxybutynin and the second drug. Particular embodiments include a dosage form that provides a controlled release of oxybutynin and the second drug to maintain therapeutically effective levels oxybutynin and/or the second in a mammal for an extended period of time. An osmotic device containing a bi-layered core is provided. The osmotic device provides a dual controlled release of both drugs from the core. A method of treating urinary (stress or urge) incontinence with the pharmaceutical composition and dosage form is provided. Together, oxybutynin and the second drug provide an overall improved therapeutic benefit over either agent alone when administered at approximately the same dose.