anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Adult and Pediatric Patients ages 4 years and older

The effectiveness of rufinamide as adjunctive treatment for the seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS) in adult and pediatric patients ages 4 years and older was established in a single multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel-group study (N=138). Male and female patients (between 4 and 30 years of age) were included if they had a diagnosis of inadequately controlled seizures associated with LGS (including both atypical absence seizures and drop attacks) and were being treated with 1 to 3 concomitant stable dose AEDs. Each patient must have had at least 90 seizures in the month prior to study entry. After completing a 4-week Baseline Phase on stable therapy, patients were randomized to have rufinamide or placebo added to their ongoing therapy during the 12-week Double-blind Phase. The Double-blind Phase consisted of 2 periods: the Titration Period (1 to 2 weeks) and the Maintenance Period (10 weeks). During the Titration Period, the dose was increased to a target dosage of approximately 45 mg/kg per day (3200 mg in adults of ≥ 70 kg), given on a twice daily schedule. Dosage reductions were permitted during titration if problems in tolerability were encountered. Final doses at titration were to remain stable during the maintenance period. Target dosage was achieved in 88% of the rufinamide-treated patients. The majority of these patients reached the target dose within 7 days, with the remaining patients achieving the target dose within 14 days. 

The primary efficacy variables were: 

• The percent change in total seizure frequency per 28 days; 

• The percent change in tonic-atonic (drop attacks) seizure frequency per 28 days; 

• Seizure severity from the Parent/Guardian Global Evaluation of the patient's condition. This was a 7-point assessment performed at the end of the Double-blind Phase. A score of +3 indicated that the patient's seizure severity was very much improved, a score of 0 that the seizure severity was unchanged and a score of -3 that the seizure severity was very much worse. 

The results of the three primary endpoints are shown in Table 7 below. 

Pediatric Patients ages 1 to less than 4 years 

The effectiveness of rufinamide as adjunctive treatment for the seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome in pediatric patients ages 1 year to less than 4 years was established based on a single multi-center, open-label, active-controlled, randomized, pharmacokinetic bridging study. The pharmacokinetic profile of rufinamide is not significantly affected by age either as a continuous covariate (1 to 35 years) or as a categorical covariate (age categories: 1 to less than 4 years and 4 years of age and older), after body weight is taken into consideration.
Treatment modalities can be effective in managing and treating gynecology cancers but may lead to unwanted long term side effects. Some of which include fatigue, changes in mood and sleep disturbance. All of which can have an effect on quality of life. Both exercise and mindfulness would appear to show a positive effect on managing some of these symptoms. However, not only does ambiguity continue around the effect of these interventions on symptoms of cancer but continues to be a lack of evidence for certain types of cancer such as gynecology. Furthermore, combining interventions that individually are effective may enhance effectiveness when used together and the delivering these online may reach a wider population. The evidence for this is also lacking within the literature. Therefore this study aims to assess the feasibility of delivering these interventions through an online platform to assess not only the acceptability but also effect on clinical outcomes.

Participants will be recruited through contact via cancer charities and online (Social media), they will self refer to the team and will be assessed for eligibility. If eligible and interested participant information sheet will be sent electronically and time given (one week) to consider study. Contact will be made with participant after this time and if interested a link to electronic consent will be sent. On receiving the completed consent another link will be sent to participant for completion of baseline outcome measures. The outcome measures assessed include feasibility, fatigue, physical activity level, mood (anxiety/depression), sleep, quality of life and mindfulness. Following randomization both groups will be given instructions on how to download app and reporting of activity. Both groups will be contacted through weekly phone calls to monitor their progress. Once 8 weeks have been completed a link will be sent to participants to complete the post-intervention outcome measures.
PURPOSE: To cure a multi-drug resistant tumor by inverting the drug resistance by simultaneously administrating an effective amount of pyridinyloxazol-2-ones with a chemotherapy agent. CONSTITUTION: A multi-drug resistant tumor is cured by inverting the drug resistance by simultaneously administrating a compound of the formula (R and R<1> are each H, a 1-6C alkyl or phenyl, etc.; R<2> is 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl) or its salts with a chemotherapy agent (e.g. cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, prednisone, etc.) in an antitumor effective amount. The amount of the compound of the formula effective for inverting the drug resistance is usually within a range of about 15-500mg/kg.
The invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical formulation, in particular to a traditional Chinese medicine for senile dementia prevention and health protection. The traditional Chinese medicine is characterized by being prepared from, by weight, 7-11 parts of polygala tenuifolia, 7-11 parts of cortex albiziae, 7-11 parts of rhodiola rosea, 3-7 parts of ipomoea pes-caprae, 3-6 parts of ligustrum lucidum ait, 2-4 parts of lysimachia decurrens forst, 2-4 parts of Biondia henryi (Warb. ex Schltr. et Diels) Tsiang et P. T. Li, 3-6 parts of cimicifugae foetidae, 3-5 parts of mangnolia officinalis, 4-7 parts of fructus alpiniae oxyphyllae, 7-10 parts of fructus citri, 1-2 parts of Chinese holly leaves, 3-5 parts of morinda officinalis, 3-4 parts of evening primrose, 2-3 parts of rosa multiflora thumb, 1-2 parts of epimediums, 8-10 parts of drynaria rhizome, 3-6 parts of nux prinsepiae, 2-4 parts of tupistra chinensis baker, 2-3 parts of szechwan Chinaberry fruits and 2-4 parts of as arum. The raw materials are soaked with water after being mixed, residues are removed after decoction is performed, and a filtrate is obtained. The traditional Chinese medicine can comprehensively improve symptoms and syndromes of the body of a patient and is low in cost, exact in clinical effect and free of toxic and side effects.
Inherited deficiency of zinc finger NFX1-type containing 1 (ZNFX1), a dsRNA virus sensor, is associated with severe familial immunodeficiency, multisystem inflammatory disease, increased susceptibility to viruses, and early mortality. However, limited treatments for patients with pathological variants of ZNFX1 exist due to an incomplete understanding of the diseases resulting from ZNFX1 mutations. Here, we demonstrate that ZNFX1 specifically inhibits the activation of the NLR family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in response to NLRP3 activators both in vitro and in vivo. ZNFX1 retains NLRP3 in the cytoplasm and prevents its accumulation in the TGN38 + /TGN46+ vesicles in the resting state. Upon NLRP3 inflammasome activation, ZNFX1 is cleaved by caspase-1, establishing a feed-forward loop that promotes NLRP3 accumulation in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and amplifies the activity of the downstream cascade. Expression of wild-type ZNFX1, but not of ZNFX1 with human pathogenic mutations, rescues the impairment of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition. Our findings reveal a dual role of ZNFX1 in virus sensing and suppression of inflammation, which may become valuable for the development of treatments for ZNFX1 mutation-related diseases.
Dietary supplementation with isolated whey protein. Amount: 0.5 g of protein from the supplement per kilogram of body weight, taken in 3 portions during the day, for 4 weeks.
Participants in this arm will be invited to attend 8 weekly group meetings and 3 monthly follow-up meetings. In each meeting a coordinator will explore the experiences of the participants and encourage them to look for strategies to solve problems associated with changing habits. In the meetings we will use a therapeutic education approach with motivational interviewing techniques and problem solving in order to increase self-efficacy and motivation to adopt healthy habits. There will be periodic reminders and telephone contacts with patients before the meetings to assess the achievement of objectives.
Early childhood caries (ECC) is by far the most common chronic disease among Canadian Aboriginal children, affecting nearly 90% of First Nations preschoolers in Ontario. It is the number one cause of oral health disparities between native and non-native children. ECC negatively impacts on the quality of life of children suffering from the disease and the caregivers and family members who care for them. To address the problem of ECC, a range of health promotion campaigns, including parent education aimed at balancing the knowledge and values of First Nations communities with the recommendations of the scientific community, have been implemented but these initiatives have had limited success in reducing the impact of ECC and its treatment.

While oral health promotion campaigns have raised awareness of the severity of ECC among these communities, the literature shows that for this age cohort, increasing host resistance through professionally applied topical fluoride (PATF) applications at regular intervals may achieve better results. Of all the PATF methods, slow-release fluoride varnish may be the most practical alternative to the use of gels, foams and rinses, as it decreases the risk of fluoride ingestion and is associated with greater patient acceptability. Fluoride varnish has shown promise as a caries reduction agent but more evidence for the effectiveness of this intervention is needed, particularly for high-caries-risk populations like those in Aboriginal communities.

The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of fluoride varnish (Duraflor, 5% NaF, Pharmascience) combined with caregiver counseling in preventing and reducing ECC in Aboriginal communities, in a 2-year randomized controlled trial. Methods: The trial enrolled 1226 children aged 6 months to 5 years from the Sioux Lookout Zone (SLZ) First Nations reserves and 149 from Thunder Bay (NW Ontario). Twenty First Nations communities were randomized to 2 study groups; families in both groups received oral health counseling and restorative dental care provided by the SLZ Dental Program - one group received no fluoride varnish (FV0) and the other received FV 2-3×/yr. The same subjects were examined for the dmft/s indices by trained and calibrated dental hygienists in 2003, 2004 and 2005. A caregiver questionnaire assessed the impact of ECC on the quality of life of the child and the family. The SLZ Hospital provided data on children's dental general anesthetic (GA) procedures. Comparative cross-sectional oral health data for 416 (2003), 687 (2004) and 544 (2005) 3-5 yr-olds attending Junior Kindergarten in Thunder Bay, not receiving fluoride treatments, were collected by the Thunder Bay District Health Unit's dental hygienists and recorders. Results will assist decision makers in developing programs for addressing the problem of ECC in high-caries-risk populations.
Background: The patients in postoperative coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) have impaired cardiac autonomic function. However, no studies have evaluated the influence of different ventilators during noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in the autonomic modulation associated with hemodynamic changes. Objective: Evaluate the autonomic behavior and hemodynamic changes during the execution of the NIV with two models of mechanical ventilators in subjects after CABG. Material and Methods: This is quantitative randomized, prospective, crossover study. The subjects were selected on first day postoperatively CABG and was performance NIV procedure using two different ventilators: conventional ventilator and specific ventilator for the use of NIV for 30 minutes, each. Block randomization was used to determine the technique that begins to approach then by crossover, perform the sequential technique. The heart rate variability (HRV), heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen peripheral saturation and arterial pressure were evaluated before procedure, in the instants 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 minutes during NIV each and 15 minutes after the end of the NIV application. HRV was evaluated using the time and frequency domain.
Attention-matched, 5-session control condition consisting of brief-self report psychological measures and neutral writing exercises. Contingency management (CM) is also administered to this arm.
Pregnancy Category C. In rodents, rabbits and monkeys, nifedipine has been shown to have a variety of embryotoxic, placentotoxic, teratogenic and fetotoxic effects, including stunted fetuses (rats, mice and rabbits), digital anomalies (rats and rabbits), rib deformities (mice), cleft palate (mice), small placentas and underdeveloped chorionic villi (monkeys), embryonic and fetal deaths (rats, mice and rabbits), prolonged pregnancy (rats; not evaluated in other species), and decreased neonatal survival (rats; not evaluated in other species). On a mg/kg or mg/m2 basis, some of the doses associated with these various effects are higher than the maximum recommended human dose and some are lower, but all are within an order of magnitude of it.

The digital anomalies seen in nifedipine-exposed rabbit pups are strikingly similar to those seen in pups exposed to phenytoin, and these are in turn similar to the phalangeal deformities that are the most common malformation seen in human children with in utero exposure to phenytoin.

From the clinical evidence available, a specific prenatal risk has not been identified. However, an increase in perinatal asphyxia, caesarean delivery, prematurity and intrauterine growth retardation have been reported. Careful monitoring of blood pressure must be exercised in pregnant women, when administering nifedipine in combination with IV magnesium sulfate due to the possibility of an excessive fall in blood pressure which could harm the mother and fetus.

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.
In two 12-week vehicle-controlled clinical trials, tazarotene cream, 0.05% and 0.1% was significantly more effective than vehicle in reducing the severity of stable plaque psoriasis. Tazarotene cream 0.05% and 0.1% demonstrated superiority over vehicle cream as early as 1 week and 2 weeks, respectively, after starting treatment.

In these trials, the primary efficacy endpoint was “clinical success,” defined as the proportion of subjects with none, minimal, or mild overall lesional assessment at Week 12, and shown in Table 1. “Clinical success” was also significantly greater with tazarotene cream, 0.05% and 0.1% versus vehicle at most follow-up visits. 

At the end of 12 weeks of treatment, tazarotene cream, 0.05% and 0.1% was consistently superior to vehicle in reducing the plaque thickness of psoriasis. Improvements in erythema and scaling were generally significantly greater with tazarotene cream, 0.05% and 0.1% than with vehicle. Tazarotene cream, 0.1% was also generally more effective than tazarotene cream, 0.05% in reducing the severity of the individual signs of disease. However, tazarotene cream, 0.1% was associated with a greater degree of local irritation than tazarotene cream, 0.05%

Acne:

In two large vehicle-controlled trials, subjects age 12 years and over with facial acne vulgaris of a severity suitable for monotherapy with a topical agent were enrolled. After face cleansing in the evening, tazarotene cream, 0.1% was applied once daily to the entire face as a thin layer. Tazarotene cream, 0.1% was significantly more effective than vehicle in the treatment of facial acne vulgaris. Efficacy results after 12 weeks of treatment are shown in Table 3:
Pathogen perception generates the activation of signal transduction cascades to host defense. White pine blister rust (WPBR) is caused by Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fisch and affects a number of species of Pinus. One of the most severely affected species is Pinus albicaulis Engelm (whitebark pine). WPBR resistance in the species is a polygenic and complex trait that requires an optimized immune response. We identified early responses in 2-year-old seedlings after four days of fungal inoculation and compared the underlying transcriptomic response with that of healthy non-inoculated individuals. A de novo transcriptome assembly was constructed with 56,796 high quality-annotations derived from the needles of susceptible and resistant individuals in a resistant half-sib family. Differential expression analysis identified 599 differentially expressed transcripts, from which 375 were upregulated and 224 were downregulated in the inoculated seedlings. These included components of the initial phase of active responses to abiotic factors and stress regulators, such as those involved in the first steps of flavonoid biosynthesis. Four days after the inoculation, infected individuals showed an overexpression of chitinases, reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation signaling, and flavonoid intermediates. Our research sheds light on the first stage of infection and emergence of disease symptoms among whitebark pine seedlings. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data encoding hypersensitive response, cell wall modification, oxidative regulation signaling, programmed cell death, and plant innate immunity were differentially expressed during the defense response against C. ribicola.
Approximately 20 participants with melanoma, HNSCC, gastric, ovarian, Merkel cell, cervical, or endometrial cancer will receive GDC-0919 during Cycle 1, followed by combination treatment with GDC-0919 and atezolizumab from Cycle 2 onwards. Serial biopsies of extrahepatic lesions will be performed. Treatment may continue until unacceptable toxicity or disease progression with an unfavorable risk-benefit ratio.
At the end of the operation to start the fixation of cranial bone flaps, at least three Skull Grip titanium clamps will be positioned equidistant to one another along the craniotomy opening. The lower parts (complete circle) will be inserted between the dura and the cranium. The linear parts of the superior semicircle have to be in line with the craniotomy borders to allow the lodging of the bone flap. The different heights of the device are finalized to suit it for the different thickness of the cranial vault. The same procedure will be performed with all remaining Skull Grip titanium clamps.The bone flap will be then placed in its original position. By using a forceps, a simple and easy clockwise rotation of the superior semicircle will allow to block the SKULL GRIP clamp in place. For simple removal if necessary of the Skull Grip titanium clamps, even if bone ossification of the craniotomy edges has already occurred, it will be necessary just to lift up the superior semicircle of the Skull Grip by a forceps and to cut by a cutting forceps the pin between the two circle. Then, craniotomy could be completed in a standard way.
All participants, in both Wave 1 and Wave 2, will act as their own comparator in a randomized stepped wedge design. Data collection in Wave 1 will include one pre-test and three post-tests.
Subjects will receive treatments in the sequence CAB where, A=Single dose of reference mosapride citrate 5mg (GASMOTIN); B= Single dose of formulation 1 GR107719B 5mg (mosapride citrate); C= Single dose of formulation 2 GR107719B 5mg (mosapride citrate). All treatments will be administered orally in fasted state. Each treatment will be separated by a washout period of at least 7 days and no more than 14 days.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: : The gut microbiome has emerged as a key player that mechanistically links various risk factors to colorectal cancer (CRC) etiology. However, the role of the gut microbiome in CRC pathogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiota in healthy controls (HCs) and patients with colorectal adenoma (AD) and CRC in subgroups based on sex and age.
METHODS: : Study participants who visited the hospital for surveillance of CRC or gastrointestinal symptoms were prospectively enrolled, and the gut microbiome was analyzed based on fecal samples.
RESULTS: : In terms of HC-AD-CRC sequence, commensal bacteria, including lactate-producing (Streptococcus salivarius) and butyrate-producing (Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Anaerostipes hadrus, and Eubacterium hallii) bacteria, were more abundant in the HC group than in the AD and CRC groups. In the sex comparison, the female HC group had more lactate-producing bacteria (Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium catenulatum, and Lactobacillus ruminis) than the male HC group. In age comparison, younger subjects had more butyrate-producing bacteria (Agathobaculum butyriciproducens and Blautia faecis) than the older subjects in the HC group. Interestingly, lactate-producing bacteria (B. catenulatum) were more abundant in females than males among younger HC group subjects. However, these sex- and age-dependent differences were not observed in the AD and CRC groups.
CONCLUSIONS: : The gut microbiome, specifically lactate- and butyrate-producing bacteria, which were found to be abundant in the HC group, may play a role in preventing the progression of CRC. In particular, lactate-producing bacteria, which were found to be less abundant in healthy male controls may contribute to the higher incidence of CRC in males.
Stroke patients from department of rehabilitation in Tzu Chi general hospital will be recruited and randomized into two groups, one for experimental group and the other for control group. In addition to receiving routine standard rehabilitation for both groups, the experimental group will receive additional hot- and cold-water stimulation alternatively for five times one session, consecutive four sessions a set, one set for 30 minutes a day and five sets a week for six weeks. The control group will be given ergometer exercises with the similar duration as experimental group. Both groups will be evaluated at baseline before TS and every two weeks till six weeks after TS, then at 3, 6 and 12 months for follow-up. A variety of evaluations used in the present study include Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments for sensory functions; Brunnstrom's stage, Fugl-Meyer Assessment Scale and Motricity Index were used for upper limb motor control and strength; Box and block test for hand dexterity. The modified Motor Assessment Scale and Barthel Index are utilized for evaluating general motor functions and daily activity performance, respectively. The modified Ashworth scale is used for change of muscle tone of upper limb.