anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
People living with HIV (PLWH) in the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART) continue to suffer high rates of neurocognitive disorder. Previous report revealed that 36% of PLWH in Thailand had this condition. There are several reports suggested that HIV-infected patients who took efavirenz (EFV) based regimen had poorer neurocognitive function compared to the comparator. Rilpivirine (RPV), another first line regimen, has been known to have less neuropsychiatric side effects. We hypothesized that switching EFV to RPV could improve long term neurocognitive function.

PLWH (20 years and older) who received EFV-based regimen for at least 1 years at Chiang Mai University Hospital will be invited to this study. Neurocognitive function will be evaluated using 3 screening questions, International HIV Dementia Scale, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and comprehensive neurocognitive battery test evaluating 6 different cognitive domains. The participants will be categorized in to 4 groups based on their neurocognitive test results; no evidence of neurocognitive deficit, asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI), mild neurocognitive disease (MND), and HIV associated dementia (HAD) using Frascati's criteria. The participants with ANI or MND and meet the eligibility criteria will be enrolled to this study. The participants will be randomized in to 2 arms; continuing EFV-based regimen or switching to RPV-based regimen. Neurocognitive function will be evaluated at 6 and 12 months.
This study compares two valved holding chamber (VHC) devices in the treatment of acute airway obstruction in children. Eighty children (6 months to 4 years of age) will be recruited with moderate to severe dyspnea according to the Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument (RDAI score ≥6). After receiving an informed consent from the parents/caregivers, the child is randomized to receive treatment with either Babyhaler® or Optichamber Diamond® VHC. Patients with underlying medical conditions listed in the study protocol, patients requiring immediate hospitalization or not willing to participate will be excluded from the study. Information on the medical history together with treatment response will be recorded using a manual case report form. According to calculations of the statistical power using the RDAI-score as an end-point, a total of 80 patients (40 patients in both study groups) are needed for the study.

The study hypothesis is that the two VHCs are not equally efficient in treating acute shortage of breath in children aged 0.5-4 years.
BACKGROUND: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) can cause neuronal apoptosis and lead to irreversible brain injury. Numerous lncRNAs have been reported to play important roles in CIRI, but it is unclear whether these lncRNAs can function through exosomes.
METHODS: In this study, we utilized the middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) animal model and the oxygen-glucose deprivation/ reoxygenation (OGD/R) cell model. RNA sequencing was performed to screen for differentially expressed lncRNAs in M2 microglia-derived exosomes (M2-Exos). RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays were used to explore the molecular mechanism of OIP5-AS1 in alleviating CIRI.
RESULTS: M2-Exos could alleviate nerve injury and pyroptosis after CIRI in vitro and in vivo. OIP5-AS1 was found to be significantly up-regulated in M2-Exos and down-regulated in OGD/R neurons, MCAO/R mice and ischemic stroke patients. In MCAO/R mice, OIP5-AS1 could reduce cerebral infarct size, cerebral edema and mNSS scores, and inhibit the expression levels of pyroptosis-related proteins in brain tissue. TXNIP was confirmed to be a reliable binding protein of OIP5-AS1. OIP5-AS1 overexpression significantly attenuated MCAO/R-induced upregulation of TXNIP at the protein level, but not at the mRNA level. OIP5-AS1 promoted the TXNIP degradation process and increased the ubiquitination of TXNIP. ITCH could bind to TXNIP. ITCH overexpression or knockdown did not alter the mRNA level of TXNIP, but negatively regulated TXNIP expression at the protein level. ITCH accelerated the degradation and ubiquitination of TXNIP, which could be attenuated by OIP5-AS1 knockdown. OIP5-AS1 could improve neuronal damage and inhibit neuronal pyroptosis through TXNIP.
CONCLUSIONS: M2-Exo-derived OIP5-AS1 can induce TXNIP ubiquitination and degradation by recruiting ITCH, negatively regulate TXNIP protein stability, inhibit neuronal pyroptosis, and attenuate CIRI.
Training sessions in the training class run three days a week for two weeks. 6. During the training process, QR codes were integrated into the sections related to the care of the newborn in the guide in order to provide mothers with the opportunity to watch the video simultaneously while reading the guide in practices requiring skills related to hygienic care of the newborn and nutrition / communication / sleep, and to allow them to watch it repeatedly as long as they feel the need. In these videos, the application steps were shown one by one. URL addresses of the videos were obtained and then QR Codes were created. When the code is scanned with a smartphone, it automatically redirects the user to the specified URL. The difference between the groups was that videos on newborn care were shown and QR Code training guides with the same content as the SC group created by the researchers on newborn care were distributed.
Previous studies have estabished pesticide exposure as a possible risk factor for childhood cancer. The Agricultural Health Study (AHS), a prospective cohort study of pesticide exposure among 51,000 pesticide applicators in North Carolina and Iowa, provides an opportunity to study childhood cancer incidence and mortality among the children of pesticide applicators. Name and dates of birth for 21,985 children were previously provided by adult participants in the AHS. The current study seeks to identify cases of cancer among these children through record linkage to state cancer and death registries. Cancer incidence and mortality within the cohort will be compared with national data through standardized incidence and mortality ratios. A limited case-cohort comparison of pesticide exposures will also be performed. Approximately 44 cases of childhood cancer are expected to be identified. No follow-up or contact with cases is anticipated. It is anticipated that the study results will provide insight into the relationship of pesticide and other farm exposures to the pathogenesis of childhood cancer.
PURPOSE: To obtain a magnetic resonance contrast medium facilitating diagnoses of cancer or vascular lesions, by coating the surface of a metal-including fullerene as core with a polysaccharide. CONSTITUTION: The surface of core, a metal-including fullerene 5-10Å in average particle diameter expressed by formula Mm aCn (M is a paramagnetic metal element; (m) is 1-3; (n) is 30-100) is coated with a water-soluble polysaccharide bearing a functional group selected from among sulfate, ketone, amino and alkyls (e.g. chondroitintetrasulfuric acid). Specifically, 1-15wt. times of the polysaccharide based on the metal-including fullerene is used and a reaction is conducted at room temperature to 120 deg.C for 10min to 10h, thus obtaining the objective magnetic resonance contrast medium. By intravascularly administering this contrast medium, the signal intensity of vascular site(s) is enhanced with T1-emphasized image, enabling a white contrast to be manifested.  This contrast medium is easy to administer, high in stability as a pharmaceutical preparation, and high in biological safety. Besides, this medium is long in the retention time in the blood vessel, therefore enabling vascular contrast and facilitating test time setting.
A method includes positioning an effective amount of a thermal target material at a treatment site of a patient. The treatment site, that is, the location of the thermal target material, comprises a location adjacent to biological tissue to be treated. The thermal target material includes carbon molecules preferably in a carrier fluid. Regardless of the particular structure of the carbon, the carbon molecules in the material heat very rapidly in response to incident microwave radiation and radiate heat energy. The heat energy radiated from an effective amount of the thermal target material when subjected to an effective quantity of microwave energy causes localized heating around the thermal target material. This localized heating may be applied for therapeutic purposes. However, the microwave radiation necessary to produce therapeutically effective heating is insufficient to cause cellular damage in the biological tissue by direct absorption in the tissue.
The detection of high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) is crucial for early screening and preventing cervical cancer. However, the substantial workload in high-level hospitals or the limited resources in primary-level hospitals hinder widespread testing. To address this issue, we explored a sample-to-answer genotyping system and assessed its performance by comparing it with the traditional real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method conducted manually. Samples randomly selected from those undergoing routine real-time PCR detection were re-analyzed using the fully automatic GenPlex® system. This system identifies 24 types of HPV through a combination of ordinary PCR and microarray-based reverse hybridization. Inconsistent results were confirmed by repeated testing with both methods, and the κ concordance test was employed to evaluate differences between the two methods. A total of 365 samples were randomly selected from 7259 women. According to real-time PCR results, 76 were high-risk HPV negative, and 289 were positive. The GenPlex® system achieved a κ value greater than 0.9 (ranging from 0.920 to 1.000, p < 0.0001) for 14 types of high-risk HPV, except HPV 51 (κ = 0.697, p < 0.0001). However, the inconsistent results in high-risk HPV 51 were revealed to be false positive in real-time PCR by other method. When counting by samples without discriminating the high-risk HPV type, the results of both methods were entirely consistent (κ = 1.000, p < 0.0001). Notably, the GenPlex® system identified more positive cases, with 73 having an HPV type not covered by real-time PCR, and 20 potentially due to low DNA concentration undetectable by the latter. Compared with the routinely used real-time PCR assay, the GenPlex® system demonstrated high consistency. Importantly, the system's advantages in automatic operation and a sealed lab-on-chip format respectively reduce manual work and prevent aerosol pollution. For widespread use of GenPlex® system, formal clinical validation following international criteria should be warranted.
Signs and Symptoms - Overdosage of metoprolol succinate extended-release may lead to severe bradycardia, hypotension, and cardiogenic shock. Clinical presentation can also include: atrioventricular block, heart failure, bronchospasm, hypoxia, impairment of consciousness/coma, nausea and vomiting.

Treatment – Consider treating the patient with intensive care. Patients with myocardial infarction or heart failure may be prone to significant hemodynamic instability. Seek consultation with a regional poison control center and a medical toxicologist as needed. Beta-blocker overdose may result in significant resistance to resuscitation with adrenergic agents, including beta-agonists. On the basis of the pharmacologic actions of metoprolol, employ the following measures.

There is very limited experience with the use of hemodialysis to remove metoprolol, however metoprolol is not highly protein bound.

Bradycardia: Administer intravenous atropine; repeat to effect. If the response is inadequate, consider intravenous isoproterenol or other positive chronotropic agents. Evaluate the need for transvenous pacemaker insertion.

Hypotension: Treat underlying bradycardia. Consider intravenous vasopressor infusion, such as dopamine or norepinephrine.

Bronchospasm: Administer a beta2-agonist, including albuterol inhalation, or an oral theophylline derivative.

Cardiac Failure: Administer diuretics or digoxin for congestive heart failure. For cardiogenic shock, consider IV dobutamine, isoproterenol, or glucagon.
The invention relates to a preparation method for a traditional Chinese medicine lotion for treatment of fever-type closed fractures, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine preparation methods. At present, treatment of night sweat-type closed fractures generally uses western medicines. A disadvantage of using western medicines is that certain side effects exist. The technical solution of the invention includes: taking tartarian buckwheat root and rhizome, filliform cassytha herb, semen calonyctionis muricati, tender catchweed bedstraw herb, common dysosmatis rhizome and root, indian stringbush root, chinese lizardtail rhiaomeor herb, root of wilson barberry, indigowoad leaf, garden erphorbia herb, longhairy antenoron herb, rohdea japonica root, threevein aster, radix sophorae tonkinensis, asarum sagittarioides, climbing groundsel herb, all-grass of snakefoot clubmoss, japanese stephania root, euphorbia hypericifolia, meadowrue root and rhizome, herba portulacae, leaf of Chinese coriaria, common lantana leaf, cottomrose hibiscus, pubescent holly root, baical skullcap root, coptis root, bark of Chinese corktree, broomjutre sida herb, ovateleaf holly bark, radix stellariae, patience dock root, and liquorice; soaking the above 33 traditional Chinese medicines in water; decocting by slow fire; and filtering to remove dregs. The left medicine liquid is the traditional Chinese medicine lotion for the treatment of fever-type closed fractures. The lotion has the advantages that the traditional Chinese medicine liquid is fewer in side effects, short in treatment courses, and high in cure rate.
Systems, methods, and devices include a hydrocephalus characterizing device for collecting data to detect an abnormal neurological condition. The hydrocephalus characterizing device includes one or more sensors such as a first sensor and a second sensor. The first sensor is an optical sensor (e.g., a near infrared spectroscopy sensor), and the second sensor is a biometric sensor (e.g., a photoplethysmography sensor). The hydrocephalus characterizing device also includes a memory storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the hydrocephalus characterizing device to receive first data generated by the first data, the first data representing intracranial waveforms. The instructions also cause the hydrocephalus characterizing device to receive second data, from the second sensor, the second data representing a non-cranial biophysical characteristic. An intracranial pulse state is determined by the hydrocephalus characterizing device based on the first data and the second data, from which an abnormal neurological characteristic is detected.
Obesity is a significant risk factor for several chronic diseases. However, pre-menopausal females are protected against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and its adverse effects. The pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2), a xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptor, promotes short-term obesity-associated liver disease only in male mice but not in females. Therefore, the current study investigated the metabolic and pathophysiological effects of a long-term 52-week HFD in female wild-type (WT) and PXR-KO mice and characterized the PXR-dependent molecular pathways involved. After 52 weeks of HFD ingestion, the body and liver weights and several markers of hepatotoxicity were significantly higher in WT mice than in their PXR-KO counterparts. The HFD-induced liver injury in WT female mice was also associated with upregulation of the hepatic mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparg), its target genes, fat-specific protein 27 (Fsp27), and the liver-specific Fsp27b involved in lipid accumulation, apoptosis, and inflammation. Notably, PXR-KO mice displayed elevated hepatic Cyp2a5 (anti-obesity gene), aldo-keto reductase 1b7 (Akr1b7), glutathione-S-transferase M3 (Gstm3) (antioxidant gene), and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) levels, contributing to protection against long-term HFD-induced obesity and inflammation. RNA sequencing analysis revealed a general blunting of the transcriptomic response to HFD in PXR-KO compared to WT mice. Pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated enrichment by HFD for several pathways, including oxidative stress and redox pathway, cholesterol biosynthesis, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis in WT but not PXR-KO mice. In conclusion, this study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms by which PXR deficiency protects against long-term HFD-induced severe obesity and its adverse effects in female mice.
The home visitation nurse will teach and utilize the problem solving tools to help low-income depressed mothers. It is a brief treatment with the a non-pathologizing intervention being done in 4-8 sessions.
The Control arm will review an easy-to-read AD. Controls will review the AD for ≥ 15 minutes with study staff present to answer questions and will take the AD home to complete if desired. One to three days before a primary care visit, controls will receive a reminder to come to their appointment.
In the Reader Organisation's Shared Reading Programme, parents and children will attend The Reader Organisation's weekly shared reading programme for 8 weeks. The programme consists of two different modules. Parents will attend 'Magical Storytimes' with their children, in which a collection of shared book reading sessions are led by a project worker. Parents will also attend sessions on their own ('Stories for you and Yours') in which they will be informed how to choose books and read interactively with their child.
BACKGROUND: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a potential novel biomarker to predict molecular residual disease (MRD) in lung cancer after definitive treatment. Herein, we investigated the value of ctDNA in prognosing risk of relapse and monitoring the effect of adjuvant therapy in surgical non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
METHODS: We enrolled 58 NSCLC patients in a real-world setting, and 58 tumor tissues and 325 plasma samples were analyzed. Tumor tissues and plasma samples were subjected to targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 1021 cancer-related and ultra-deep targeted NGS covering 338 genes, respectively.
RESULTS: ctDNA was detected in 31.0% of cases at the first postoperative time, which was associated with advanced tumor stage, T stage and KEAP1 or GRIN2A mutations in tissues. ctDNA positivity at landmark and longitudinal indicated the shorter disease-free survival. For patients with ctDNA positivity at the first postoperative time, regardless of adjuvant therapy, all patients who were persistently ctDNA positive during postoperative surveillance had disease recurrence. Among the patients who were ctDNA negative, only two patients (15.4%, 2/13) receiving adjuvant therapy relapsed, while one patient (50.0%, 1/2) without adjuvant therapy relapsed. For the first postoperative ctDNA negative patients, the recurrence rate of patients with adjuvant therapy was and higher than without adjuvant therapy (22.6% [7/31] vs. 11.1% [1/9]). The patients who became ctDNA positive may also benefit from intervention therapy.
CONCLUSION: Postoperative ctDNA is a prognostic marker, and ctDNA-detection may facilitate personalized adjuvant therapy, and applying adjuvant therapy to the patients with detectable ctDNA could bring clinical benefits for them.
This study aims to evaluate the effects of an advance care planning (ACP) programme "Have a Say" for persons with early stage dementia (PWEDs) and their family caregivers in the community. A randomized controlled trial with repeated blinded outcome assessment will be conducted to assess the effects of an ACP programme on dyads of PWEDs and their family caregivers recruited from elderly community centres. Individuals who have a clinical diagnosis of any form of dementia at the early stage or have a Global Deterioration Score (GDS) 3 or 4 will be eligible to this study. Participants in the experimental group will receive a 4-session ACP programme. It includes an educational component, guided reflection and ACP discussion through a series of group-based activity and dyadic discussion delivered by trained ACP facilitator and guided by an ACP booklet. Dyads of participants will be provided with information about the trajectory of dementia, their future healthcare needs and caring options. Their values and care preferences on future care will be elicited in a consistent manner. They will be supported to have an individualized ACP discussion. Individuals assigned to the control group will receive attention-control health talks. The primary study outcome is the ACP engagement level of PWEDs. Secondary outcome is the dyadic concordance on end-of-life care preference. Adverse outcomes such as depression and caregivers' burden will also be evaluated. Data collection will be conducted at baseline, immediately after, and one-month after the intervention.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject set comprising a dyeing composition containing an indole, etc., and a manganese salt and an alkaline agent-contg. composition as medium, each having specific pH, and capable of dyeing keratinous fibers such as the hair to vivid color. SOLUTION: This set is a combination of (A) a dyeing composition containing an indole compound [pref. a compound of the formula (R1 and R3 are each H or a 1-4C alkyl; R2 is H, a 1-4C alkyl or COOH; X is H, NH2 OH, a 1-4C alkyl or 1-4C alkoxy; Y is OH or NH2 ; when X is OH or an alkyl, they occupy 5, 6 and 7 sites, lying at ortho sites relative to Y)] and/or indoline compound and a manganese salt (pref. manganese diacetate) and (B) an alkaline agent- contg. composition as medium; wherein, if the component A is <pH7, the component B is >pH8.5, while if the component A is pH7-9, the component B is >pH9.5.
A total of 2 ampoules of LIDOFAST 40 mg/2 ml + 0.025 mg/2 ml were injected into the sternotomy incision site and around the chest tubes of 30 patients in the experimental group. The total number and dose of opioids, the total number and dose of analgesics used to relieve the pain of the patients in the 24 hours after the injection of 2 ampules of LIDOFAST 40 mg/2 ml + 0.025 mg/2 ml, and the total number and dose of analgesics were recorded, and the patients were interviewed face-to-face 24 hours later, and Postoperative Recovery Index (PoRI) was recorded.