anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The present invention discloses a water and oil soluble O-chitosan derivative, the preparation thereof and the application thereof, which belongs to the preparation and application technology of chitosan derivatives. The water and oil soluble O-chitosan derivative is a derivative substituent for ring carbon 6-OH of chitosan and is synthetized by using chitosan as a raw material. The water and oil soluble O-chitosan derivative comprises O-ethylamine hydroxyethyl chitosa, O-2'-hydroxypropyl-N and N-octadecy l dimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan. The preparation of the water and oil soluble O-chitosan derivative comprises: reaction products of N-phthaloyl chitosan, chloroethanol and aminoethyl chloride hydrochloride react with reaction products of N-octadecy l dimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan and epoxy chloropropane in a medium of isopropyl alcohol so as to obtain the water and oil soluble O-chitosan derivative. When animal feed in which 2.5 to 7.5 wt% of the water and oil soluble O-chitosan derivative is added is used for feeding rats, the water and oil soluble O-chitosan derivative has obvious function for treating and preventing the obesity of the rats. Weight losing products of the chitosan of the present invention have the advantages of naturalness, no poison, obvious weight losing effect, no side effect to human body, etc. The oil soluble O-chitosan derivative not only can be used for treating obesity, but also can be used for preventing obesity.
The Veterans Millennium Health Care and Benefits Act (Millennium Act) of 1999 mandated the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) to provide non-institutional long-term care to veterans. Adult Day Health Care (ADHC) is a key component of that spectrum of long-term care services. ADHC provides health maintenance, rehabilitation services and socialization in a group setting during daytime hours. Veterans in ADHC commonly suffer from limited physical functioning, depression, cognitive difficulties and low quality of life. These factors increase the likelihood of continued deterioration in functioning, loss of independence, hospitalizations, nursing home placement and death. Previous studies, including our own work, have demonstrated that sleep disruption is associated with depression, low quality of life, functional decline, nursing home placement, and death among older people. The investigators have found that sleep disturbance is common among ADHC patients, it is not addressed within routine clinical care, and treatment is commonly limited to medications (e.g., hypnotics, sedating antidepressants). Numerous studies show that both untreated insomnia and pharmacological treatment of insomnia can be associated with increased risk of falls and other adverse health events among older persons. On the other hand, nonpharmacological interventions on sleep do not show these adverse effects, have been shown to be effective and are associated with improvements in mood, quality of life and health.

The goal of the study was to test the effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral intervention to improve self-reported and objectively-measured sleep quality among older veterans with insomnia in a VA ADHC program. The intervention program involved a 4-session manualized treatment. This Sleep Intervention Program (SIP) was compared to an active Sleep Education control that also included 4 individual sessions using a randomized trial with 72 veterans. To our knowledge, this study is the first to address the unmet need for non-pharmacological treatment of sleep problems among ADHC patients. The intervention design (e.g., use of a manualized treatment that can be provided by non-psychologists) will facilitate translation into routine care and application in other similar VA programs.
The top tier (Backbone) will need the least amount of support and also have a CORE Center case manager for a majority of the support in housing, food, insurance, transportation, childcare, substance use, and mental healthcare. The retention specialist will still provide an appointment reminder; check ins every other week; text checkups after missed appointments or off pill counts; support with scheduling for appointments or prescription pick up for limited availability; and re-motivation of treatment for HIV at the 9 month mark of study participation.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has recently been considered a potential tumor therapy due to its time-space specificity and non-invasive advantages. PDT can not only directly kill tumor cells by using cytotoxic reactive oxygen species but also induce an anti-tumor immune response by causing immunogenic cell death of tumor cells. Although it exhibits a promising prospect in treating tumors, there are still many problems to be solved in its practical application. Tumor hypoxia and immunosuppressive microenvironment seriously affect the efficacy of PDT. The hypoxic and immunosuppressive microenvironment is mainly due to the abnormal vascular matrix around the tumor, its abnormal metabolism, and the influence of various immunosuppressive-related cells and their expressed molecules. Thus, reprogramming the tumor microenvironment (TME) is of great significance for rejuvenating PDT. This article reviews the latest strategies for rejuvenating PDT, from regulating tumor vascular matrix, interfering with tumor cell metabolism, and reprogramming immunosuppressive related cells and factors to reverse tumor hypoxia and immunosuppressive microenvironment. These strategies provide valuable information for a better understanding of the significance of TME in PDT and also guide the development of the next-generation multifunctional nanoplatforms for PDT.
We explored the joint effects of different metabolic obesity phenotypes on all-cause and disease-specific mortality risk among the American population. Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018. Mortality outcome data were from mortality files linked to National Death Index record and follow-up information was up to December 31, 2019. 50,013 participants were finally included. Four metabolic obesity phenotypes were defined based on obesity and metabolic status: metabolically healthy obese (MHO), metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO), metabolically healthy non-obese (MHNO), and metabolically unhealthy non-obese (MUNO). Population-weighted Cox proportional hazards models were used to explore the all-cause and disease-specific mortality risk of metabolic obesity phenotypes. The all-cause mortality risk of MUO and MUNO was significantly higher than MHNO. MUNO was associated with a significantly increased risk of death from heart disease (HR: 1.40, 95% CI 1.16-1.70), hypertension (HR: 1.68, 95% CI 1.34-2.12), diabetes (HR: 2.29, 95% CI 1.67-3.15), and malignant neoplasms (HR:1.29, 95% CI 1.09-1.53). Metabolic unhealth significantly increased the risk of all-cause mortality, regardless of obesity status. Among individuals with metabolic unhealthy status, obesity significantly reduced the risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.91, 95% CI 0.85-0.98). Our study highlights the importance of identifying and characterizing metabolic obesity phenotypes in obese and metabolically abnormal patients, as well as healthy adults. Comprehensive evaluation of obesity and metabolic status is necessary to adopt appropriate interventions and treatment measures and maximize patient benefit.
BACKGROUND: 3% of all children are unusually short, and 3% are unusually tall. New approaches have broadened the range of therapeutic options in treating growth disorders.
METHODS: This review is based on publications retrieved by a selective review of the literature and on the authors' clinical experience.
RESULTS: Pituitary growth hormone deficiency is treated with recombinant growth hormone. Long-acting preparations of this type became available recently, but their long-term safety and efficacy are still unknown. Vosoritide, a CNP analogue, has also been approved for the treatment of achondroplasia, and severe primary deficiency of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) can be treated with recombinant IGF-1. In the treatment of excessively tall stature, new information on the safety of growth-attenuating treatment and an altered perception of above-average height in society have led to a change in management.
CONCLUSION: There are new options for the treatment of rare causes of short stature, while new information on the safety of treatment strategies for excessive tallness have led to a reconsideration of surgical intervention. There is insufficient evidence on the benefits and risks of supraphysiological GH therapy and of newer treatment options for which there are as yet no robust data on adult height. Therefore, before any treatment is provided, physicians should give patients and their families detailed information and discuss their expectations from treatment and the goals that treatment can be expected to achieve.
A prescription refill system having Voice-over-IP (VoIP) capabilities is provided. A central station remote from a pharmacy is provided for receiving phone calls (e.g., PSTN or VoIP calls) relating to prescription information. The central station obtains the prescription information, and automatically dispatches same to a pharmacy for filling. The pharmacy can dial into the central station to receive prescription information, or the information can be periodically faxed, e-mailed, or sent via the Internet to the pharmacy. A computer at the pharmacy allows for information to be retrieved from the central station, including voice messages stored at the central station. Calls made to the pharmacy can be forwarded to the central station automatically. A caller calling the central station can be switched to a live operator at the pharmacy for additional assistance.
New smart devices that have the potential to support the health and well-being of their owners have become available. In particular, smart watches are able to identify a fall by the person who is wearing the watch and report it to pre-defined contacts and the local emergency control center. Falls in older people are common and only rarely caused by malignant cardiac arrhythmia. The case of an elderly male whose smart watch automatically reported his fall due to ventricular fibrillation to the local emergency control center is described. Through the intervention of the wearer's device, the activated dispatcher called the patient's wife, who found her husband lying unresponsive on the floor. Emergency medical services responded immediately and were able to successfully resuscitate the patient. A hospital discharge without any long-term complications was achieved.
Women randomized to early amniotomy will have their membranes ruptured in usual fashion using an amniotomy hook when the cervix is less than 4cm dilated. This will occur after cervical ripening has taken place, with 1) a cervical Foley balloon catheter with or without oxytocin and/or 2) misoprostol. Prior to amniotomy, the obstetric provider will assess whether or not the fetal head is engaged. If the fetal head is not engaged (applied to the cervix), amniotomy will be deferred. The patient will be examined every 2 hours until amniotomy can be safely performed (in keeping with our institutional standard of care to examine women every 2-4 hours in labor).
Randomized controlled trials have established the improved efficacy (better biochemical control and disease free survival) of combined radical radiation (70-80 Gy over 7-8 weeks) combined with long term hormone therapy (2-3 years of adjuvant LHRH agonist) compared to a primary hormone therapy or radiation therapy alone in men with locally advanced/high risk disease. While this approach may be tolerable in fit individuals, this combination may not be well tolerated by frail individuals, or those who live at a distance who may find it difficult to attend for 7 weeks of radiation treatments. Those individuals with co-morbidities such as diabetes, coronary artery disease or osteoporosis may have those conditions exacerbated by long term hormone therapy.

The combination of short course radiation and hormone therapy was explored in the FASTR trial. As part of the trial, patients received 12 months of hormone therapy with radiation treatment to the pelvic lymph nodes (dose of 25 Gy in 5 fractions, 1 fraction per week) concomitant with radiation treatment to the prostate (dose of 40 Gy in 5 fractions, 1 fraction per week). The study was discontinued due to toxicity. For the FASTR-2 study, these concerns are being addressed through the use of a lower total dose to the prostate (35 Gy in 5 fractions, 1 fraction per week). Given the uncertainty of the benefit of pelvic nodal radiation in prostate cancer, it was decided to omit the pelvic nodal radiation in the FASTR-2 study. In addition, given the recent evidence supporting the equivalence of 18 months of hormone therapy, compared to 36 months, it was decided to lengthen the duration of hormone therapy in the FASTR-2 study to 18 months (versus 12 months in the FASTR study).
Prenatal exposure to lead and tobacco has been shown to cause long-term adverse effects to the fetus and child, including decreased birthweight and premature delivery. These effects have been shown even at very low exposure levels. Since both exposures can be modified, many experts recommend screening for and counseling to prevent or reduce these exposures as part of routine prenatal care. The high infant mortality in the District of Columbia (DC) (10.2 deaths per 1,000 live births, versus 6.2 deaths per 1,000 births nationally) is incompletely understood, but disparities in health and healthcare access for minority populations, premature delivery, and low birthweight are likely contributors. Several studies and prevention programs have addressed smoking by and secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure of pregnant women living in DC in an effort to reduce the infant mortality rate, but none have addressed elevated blood lead levels (BLL) or the effects of exposure to both elevated BLL and SHS. Since DC children have high rates of both elevated BLL and SHS exposure, compared to the US population, we hypothesize that pregnant women in DC have similar high rates of elevated BLL and SHS exposure, AND that these exposures contribute to the high rates of low birthweight and decreased gestational age, and therefore to the rate of infant mortality in DC. The primary aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of a screening and secondary prevention intervention for elevated blood lead and SHS exposure of low income, pregnant women living in Washington, DC.
Pancreatic cancer poses a significant challenge within the field of oncology due to its aggressive behaviour, limited treatment choices, and unfavourable outlook. With a mere 10% survival rate at the 5-year mark, finding effective interventions becomes even more pressing. The intricate relationship between desmoplasia and hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment further complicates matters by promoting resistance to chemotherapy and impeding treatment efficacy. The dense extracellular matrix and cancer-associated fibroblasts characteristic of desmoplasia create a physical and biochemical barrier that impedes drug penetration and fosters an immunosuppressive milieu. Concurrently, hypoxia nurtures aggressive tumor behaviour and resistance to conventional therapies. a comprehensive exploration of emerging medications and innovative drug delivery approaches. Notably, advancements in nanoparticle-based delivery systems, local drug delivery implants, and oxygen-carrying strategies are highlighted for their potential to enhance drug accessibility and therapeutic outcomes. The integration of these strategies with traditional chemotherapies and targeted agents reveals the potential for synergistic effects that amplify treatment responses. These emerging interventions can mitigate desmoplasia and hypoxia-induced barriers, leading to improved drug delivery, treatment efficacy, and patient outcomes in pancreatic cancer. This review article delves into the dynamic landscape of emerging anticancer medications and innovative drug delivery strategies poised to overcome the challenges imposed by desmoplasia and hypoxia in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Concomitant use of Savella in patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) is contraindicated. In patients receiving a serotonin reuptake inhibitor in combination with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), there have been reports of serious, sometimes fatal, reactions including hyperthermia, rigidity, myoclonus, autonomic instability with possible rapid fluctuations of vital signs, and mental status changes that include extreme agitation progressing to delirium and coma. These reactions have also been reported in patients who have recently discontinued serotonin reuptake inhibitors and have been started on an MAOI. Some cases presented with features resembling neuroleptic malignant syndrome. The effects of combined use of Savella and MAOIs have not been evaluated in humans. Therefore, it is recommended that Savella should not be used in combination with an MAOI, or within 14 days of discontinuing treatment with an MAOI. Similarly, at least 5 days should be allowed after stopping Savella before starting an MAOI [see Dosage and Administration (2.5), Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Fishmeal is over-represented in the diets of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea), and this farming mode, which relies heavily on fishmeal, is highly susceptible to the price of fishmeal and is unsustainable. Therefore, more and more studies on the large yellow croaker tend to replace fishmeal with land-based animal or plant proteins, but few studies have considered it from the genomic selection. In this study, we evaluated the survival rate (SR), final body weight (FBW), body weight gain (BWG), weight gain rate (WGR), and specific growth rate (SGR) of the large yellow croaker GS7 strain, which was obtained through genomic selection for tolerance to plant proteins and analyzed the differences in plant protein utilization between the GS7 strain and unselected commercial large yellow croaker (control group). The results of separate feeding for 60 days showed that although there was no significant difference in SR between the control and GS7 strains (P > 0.05), the BWG, WGR, and SGR of the control were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those of the GS7 group. Results of mixed feeding after PIT marking showed that compared to the control fish, the GS7 strain had significantly higher BWG, WGR, and SGR (P < 0.0001). To make the experimental results more precise, we compared fishes with equivalent initial body weight (IBW) in the GS7 strain and the control group. The final fish body weight (FBW) of Ctrl-2 (IBW 300-399 g) and Ctrl-4 (IBW 500-599 g) was significantly lower than those of the corresponding GS7-2 and GS7-4 (P < 0.05), while the FBW of Ctrl-1 (IBW 200-299 g) and Ctrl-3 (IBW 400-499 g) was much significantly lower than the corresponding GS7-1 and GS7-3 (P < 0.01). The BWG, WGR, and SGR of Ctrl-1 and Ctrl-4 were more significantly lower than those of the corresponding GS7-1 and GS7-4 (P < 0.01), while the BWG, WGR, and SGR of Ctrl-2 and Ctrl-3 were more significantly different from the corresponding GS7-2 and GS7-3 (P < 0.0001). Our results seem to point toward the same conclusion that the GS7 strain is better adapted to high plant protein diets than the unselected commercial large yellow croaker. These results will provide a reference for the low-fishmeal culture industry of large yellow croakers and the selection and breeding of strains tolerant to a high percentage of plant proteins in other marine fishes.
Like those in the intervention group, preschoolers assigned to the control group will receive usual Head Start activities during the intervention period. After the 12-month follow-up data collection from both intervention and control participants in each year, each control family will receive all intervention supplies including the "Tasty Healthy Cookbook," "MyPlate" plates, and a breathing ball, as well as the program manual on how to use the intervention supplies. These intervention supplies will be distributed to control families at the end of in-person data collection appointments. Moreover, a virtual caregiver meeting on mindful eating, movement, and parenting will be provided to all caregivers who are interested.
Based on the dose escalation results from the study of LVGN6051-101, a bridging dose escalation (3+3) is used in study of LVGN6051-201. The traditional 3 + 3 dose escalation algorithm to identify the MTD and/or RDE and RP2D of LVGN6051 as a single agent (monotherapy) and in combination with pembrolizumab. The first stage of the study is the single agent dose escalation and expansion phase (Part A). The second stage of the study is the combination dose escalation and expansion phase (Part B). Patients will be considered evaluable for safety and tolerability if they receive at least one dose of LVGN6051 or pembrolizumab at the specified cohort dose. Patients in all parts of the trial will remain on therapy until confirmed disease progression or for 2 years, whichever occurs first. However, patients who are clinically unstable will discontinue following the initial assessment of disease progression
Arcoxia® 120 mg Film-coated tablet (Frosst Iberica S.A., Spain for Merck Sharp \& Dohme (Australia) Pty Limited, Australia, registered by PT. Schering-Plough Indonesia Tbk) was given to subjects in this arm.
Marginal vitamin B6 (B6) deficiency is a widespread global concern. Inadequate B6 levels have been linked to an increased risk of age-related chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers. In recent years, the growing concern over sarcopenia (the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength) and frailty (a decline in physiological resilience and increased vulnerability associated with aging) is particularly relevant due to the emergence of super-aged societies in developed countries. Notably, among the thirty-one studies included in this review, twenty-five showed a significant association of B6 status with sarcopenia, frailty, and all-cause mortality in adults (p < 0.05), while six showed no association. Emerging studies have suggested novel mechanisms underlying this association. These mechanisms involve P2X7 receptor-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, AMPK signaling, PD-L1 signaling, and satellite cell-mediated myogenesis. Furthermore, the modulation of PLP-dependent enzymes due to B6 deficiency is associated with impaired metabolic processes, affecting energy utilization, imidazole peptide production, and hydrogen sulfide production, as well as the kynurenine pathway, all of which play vital roles in skeletal muscle health and pathophysiology. This narrative review provides an up-to-date assessment of our current understanding of the potential role of nutritional B6 status in combating sarcopenia, frailty, and mortality.
The FLIR E95 camera will be used for the study. The injured extremity will be scanned with the thermal camera and a second scan will be performed on the non-injured extremity to provide an internal control for any differences in room temperature and humidity. Prior to scanning, both the injured and non-injured extremity will remain uncovered for 10 minutes, about the length of an average office visit, and the areas to be scanned will remain free from contact by the patient or interviewer during this time period. The camera will be held 2 feet away from the extremity at a 90º angle to limit reading contamination from objects other than the patient.