anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
There is evidence that the metabolism of Fluorouracil in the anabolic pathway blocks the methylation reaction of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid. In this manner, Fluorouracil interferes with the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and to a lesser extent inhibits the formation of ribonucleic acid (RNA). As DNA and RNA are essential for cell division and growth, the effect of Fluorouracil may be to create a thymine deficiency, which, provokes unbalanced growth and death of the cell. The effects of DNA and RNA deprivation are most marked on those cells that grow more rapidly and take up Fluorouracil at a more rapid rate. The catabolic metabolism of Fluorouracil results in degradation products (e.g., CO2, urea, α-fluoro-β-alanine), which are inactive.

Systemic absorption studies of topically applied Fluorouracil have been performed on patients with actinic keratoses using tracer amounts of 14C-labeled Fluorouracil added to a 5% preparation. All patients had been receiving nonlabeled Fluorouracil until the peak of the inflammatory reaction occurred (2 to 3 weeks), ensuring that the time of maximum absorption was used for measurement. One gram of labeled preparation was applied to the entire face and neck and left in place for 12 hours. Urine samples were collected. At the end of 3 days, the total recovery ranged between 0.48% and 0.94%, with an average of 0.76%, indicating that approximately 5.98% of the topical dose was absorbed systemically. If applied twice daily, this would indicate systemic absorption of topical Fluorouracil to be in the range of 5 to 6 mg per daily dose of 100 mg. In an additional study, negligible amounts of labeled material were found in plasma, urine, and expired CO2 after 3 days of treatment with topically applied 14C-labeled Fluorouracil.
The incidence of oxaliplatin allergy reactions is between 12-15%, while the incidence of severe (grade 3-4) allergic reactions is between 0.5-2%. The purpose of this study is to prospectively investigate the incidence of oxaliplatin allergy and neurotoxicity, and to evaluate the use of effective anti-allergic and desensitization therapies to enable patients who are already allergic to oxaliplatin to complete their prescribed doses smoothly.

Patients with GI receiving oxaliplatin-containing regimens were prospectively observed, and patients with oxaliplatin grade I-III hypersensitivity reactions judged by clinicians based on clinical symptoms and signs entered the oxaliplatin reuse study . For patients with grade I-III oxaliplatin allergy, oxaliplatin skin test with 3 concentration gradients (0.01 mg/ml, 0.1 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml) was performed, and 5% glucose Water served as a negative control. 15-20 minutes to read test results. If the largest diameter of the rash was greater than 3 mm of the negative control, it was judged as a positive result. Afterwards, interventions were performed in different ways according to the grade of oxaliplatin allergic reaction.
BACKGROUND: Haemorrhoidectomy is associated with severe postoperative pain, a long rehabilitation, and QoL worsening for months. Most patients experience mild-to-moderate postoperative pain. We aimed to evaluate the intraoperative perineal block role for patients undergoing haemorrhoidectomy.
METHODS: In this prospective randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, eligible patients with III-IV stage haemorrhoids were randomized to the experimental group (EG) with intraoperative perineal block and spinal anaesthesia and the control one (CG) only with spinal anaesthesia. During the postoperative period, the opioid consumption rate was evaluated as a primary endpoint, and the postoperative pain level according to VAS, systemic analgesics consumption, readmission, and complication rate, the timing of returning to work, patients' QoL, and overall satisfaction according to SF-36 were evaluated as secondary endpoints.
RESULTS: One hundred patients completed the study (48 in EG and 52 in CG). Patients of the EG had less postoperative pain intensity (P < 0.0001), required less opioid analgesia (P = 0.03), and had longer pain-free postoperative periods (P = 0.0002). 90% of patients in the CG required additional NSAID injections for adequate analgesia compared with only 58% in the EG. The average hospital stays, complication rate, and average operation duration didn't reach clinical significance. General health evaluation according to the SF-36 score and the median satisfaction rate was better in the EG (P < 0.001 and P = 0.012, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: The administration of the perianal block is safe and effective and should be administered to appropriate patients undergoing anorectal surgery.
To study the pathogenesis of diseases, the study of multi-omics approach has been applied in various diseases researching . Obesity and PCOS are both metabolic disorders, and both have an impact on metagenomics, metabolomics and transcriptome. Currently, multi-omics studies based on obese PCOS are still limited. Therefore, this study tried to use a multi-omics approach that integrates the gut microbiome, serum metabolomics, serum transcriptomics, and clinical indicators to distinguish obese PCOS from obese non-PCOS women. To investigate whether the specific composition of the gut microbiome is associated with PCOS in obese women. Serum metabolomics and transcriptomics were analyzed to explore potential metabolic pathways. Meanwhile, gut microbiome and serum metabolomics are used to predict the occurrence of PCOS. Then, a new metabolite that could predict PCOS were tested on female mice with high fat diet (HFD).
A method for the rational design and preparation of vaccines based on HIV envelope polypeptides is described. In one embodiment, the method for making an HIV gp120 subunit vaccine for a geographic region comprises determining neutralizing epitopes in the V2 and/or C4 domains of gp120 of HIV isolates from the geographic region and selecting an HIV strain having gp120 a neutralizing epitope in the V2 or C4 domain which is common among isolates in the geographic region. In a preferred embodiment of the method, neutralizing epitopes for the V2, V3, and C4 domains of gp120 are determined. At least two HIV isolates having different neutralizing epitopes in the V2, V3, or C4 domain are selected and used.to make the vaccine. The invention also provides a multivalent HIV gp120 subunit vaccine. A DNA sequence encoding gp120 from preferred vaccine strains of HIV, GNE8 and GNE16, expression constructs comprising the GNE8-gp120 and GNE16-gp120 encoding DNA under the transcriptional and translational control of a heterologous promoter, and isolated GNE8-gp120 and GNE16-gp120 are also described.
Despite our increasing understanding of macrophage heterogeneity, drivers of macrophage phenotypic and functional polarization in the microenvironment are not fully elucidated. Here, our single-cell RNA sequencing data identify a subpopulation of macrophages expressing high levels of the phagocytic receptor MER proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (MerTK+ macrophages), which is closely associated with melanoma progression and immunotherapy resistance. Adoptive transfer of the MerTK+ macrophages into recipient mice notably accelerated tumor growth regardless of macrophage depletion. Mechanistic studies further revealed that ALK And LTK Ligand 1 (ALKAL1), a target gene of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), facilitated MerTK phosphorylation, resulting in heightened phagocytic activity of MerTK+ macrophages and their subsequent polarization toward an immunosuppressive phenotype. Specifically targeted delivery of AhR antagonist to tumor-associated macrophages with mannosylated micelles could suppress MerTK expression and improved the therapeutic efficacy of anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 therapy. Our findings shed light on the regulatory mechanism of MerTK+ macrophages and provide strategies for improving the efficacy of melanoma immunotherapy.
For US-guided injection, a 22 MHZ linear array probe (Esaote MyLab™ClassC, Italy) will be used for guidance of injection via a transverse scan, in-plane approach. After sterilization, the probe will be placed at the radial styloid with maximal swelling or tenderness. Then a 2.5 cm 25-gauge needle will be placed into the tendon sheath via transverse scan, in-the-plane approach, and the injectate will be pushed into the tendon sheath. Care will be taken avoiding injury of vessels and the superficial branch of radial nerve during the injection.
The invention relates to a preparation method of an acne-treating medicine which is a common anemarrhena and Baikal skullcap root paste. According to the invention, gypsum is finely grinded; prepared rhizome of rehmannia, common anemarrhena, Baikal skullcap root, tuckahoe, honeysuckle flower, and the like are soaked by using clear water; the materials are decocted in a pot; the obtained material is filtered, and a juice is obtained; honey is added into the juice, and an obtained paste is filled in a bottle. A small amount of the paste is applied on face every morning and evening. The paste provided by the invention is advantaged in simple preparation and convenient application. The paste has functions of yin nourishing, pathogenic fire reducing, blood circulation activating, and stasis removing. The paste has a good effect in treating adolescent acnes.
BACKGROUND: Arterial lines and central venous catheter (CVC) allow to monitor patients' acid-base status and gas exchange. Their placement and maintenance may however be burdened by severe complications. Midline Catheters (MC) are peripheral venous accesses that are less invasive and easier to insert compared to CVC and arterial lines.
METHODS: A prospective observational study was performed including stabilized critical patients with clinical indication to midline positioning before intensive care unit (ICU) discharge. The primary aim was to assess if venous sampling from MCs can be a reliable alternative to CVC for pH and CO2 monitoring. The secondary aim was to evaluate the correlation between samplings from MC, CVC and arterial line with regards to pH, carbon dioxide tension (pCO2), lactates and electrolytes. Three samples from CVC, arterial line and MC were collected simultaneously. Agreement and correlation of the studied parameters between different sampling sites were explored.
RESULTS: 40 patients were included in the analysis. A good agreement for pH and pCO2 was recorded between MC and CVC: mean differences were 0.001 (95% CI -0.006 to 0.007) and 0.7 (-0.1 to 1.5), percentage error 0.4% and 11.2%, respectively. Correlation between MC and both central venous and arterial samples for pH, pCO2, lactates and electrolytes was found to be moderate-to-strong (Pearson's R coefficient range 0.59-0.99, p < 0.001 for all these parameters).
CONCLUSIONS: In stabilized critical patients, midline catheters represent a reliable alternative to CVC and arterial lines to monitor acid-base disturbances, CO2 levels and electrolytes. The present findings add to the known advantages of MC, which might be considered a first-line vascular access for non-critical or stabilized patients who do not require infusion of vesicant or irritant drugs.
BACKGROUND: Chronic diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, type 2 diabetes, and heart failure, often coexist and contribute to a significant burden on individuals and health systems. The Assessment of Burden of Chronic Conditions (ABCC) tool, already in routine clinical use in the Netherlands, aims to comprehensively assess and visualize disease burden, stimulate self-management, and encourage shared decision-making. This study aims to validate the German and Italian versions of the ABCC tool and evaluate its effectiveness and cost-effectiveness in the South Tyrolean Primary Care setting.
METHODS: This is a cluster-randomized study involving approximately 400 patients with COPD, asthma, type 2 diabetes, and heart failure who received care from the South Tyrolean General Practices. Initially, the ABCC tool will be translated into German and Italian and validated. Subsequently, half of the participants will use the validated ABCC tool for patient-reported outcome measurement assessments, while the other half will receive usual care. The primary outcome measure is the change in the patients' perception of the quality of care after 18 months. The secondary outcomes included changes in quality of life, self-management behavior, and healthcare utilization. The missing data will be managed using multiple imputations. Additionally, a cost-effectiveness analysis that considers the direct medical costs reimbursed by the National Health Service will be conducted.
DISCUSSION: This study provides insights into the application, validation, and efficacy of the ABCC tool in the South Tyrolean healthcare context. The tool's potential to enhance person-centered care, improve the quality of life, and possibly reduce healthcare costs could greatly contribute to sustainable healthcare. The challenges of implementation, such as software integration and the use of an EU data platform, will provide lessons for future international patient care data management.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN13531607. Registered on August 23, 2023.
Patients will receive a 15-day lead-in of binimetinib, followed by binimetinib PO BID and avelumab IV over 60 minutes every 2 weeks. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
At least two substantially purified tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors are disclosed which are glycoproteins that are active against TNF. The isolation of 3O kDa and 40 KDa TNF inhibitor from urine is disclosed. The deglycosylated form of the 3O kDa TNF inhibitor and 40 kDa TNF inhibitor are described as being active against TNF. The 40 kDa TNF inhibitor is active against both TNF alpha a TNF beta. The amino acid sequence of the 30 kDa TNF inhibitor and the 40 kDa TNF inhibitor are disclosed. Methods for isolating the TNF inhibitors from human U937 cell medium and producing the proteins by recombinant-DNA methods are also described.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses a significant global health concern, impacting both maternal and fetal well-being. Early detection and treatment are imperative to mitigate adverse outcomes during pregnancy. This review delves into the pivotal role of insulin function and the influence of genetic variants, including SLC30A8, CDKAL1, TCF7L2, IRS1, and GCK, in GDM development. These genetic variations affect beta-cell function and insulin activity in crucial tissues, such as muscle, disrupting glucose regulation during pregnancy. We propose a hypothesis that this variation may disrupt zinc transport, consequently impairing insulin production and secretion, thereby contributing to GDM onset. Furthermore, we discussed the involvement of inflammatory pathways, such as TNF-alpha and IL-6, in predisposing individuals to GDM. Genetic modulation of these pathways may exacerbate glucose metabolism dysregulation observed in GDM patients. We also discussed how GDM affects cardiovascular disease (CVD) through a direct correlation between pregnancy and cardiometabolic function, increasing atherosclerosis, decreased vascular function, dyslipidemia, and hypertension in women with GDM history. However, further research is imperative to unravel the intricate interplay between inflammatory pathways, genetics, and GDM. This understanding is pivotal for devising targeted gene therapies and pharmacological interventions to rectify genetic variations in SLC30A8, CDKAL1, TCF7L2, IRS1, GCK, and other pertinent genes. Ultimately, this review offers insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of GDM, providing a foundation for developing strategies to mitigate its impact.
Sepsis is caused by a dysregulated host response to an infection that leads to cascading cell death and eventually organ failure. In this study, the role of inflammatory response serum secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) and albumin in sepsis was investigated by determining the activities of the two proteins in serial serum samples collected on different days from patients with sepsis after enrollment in the permissive underfeeding versus standard enteral feeding protocols in an intensive care unit. Serum sPLA2 and albumin showed an inverse relationship with increasing sPLA2 activity and decreasing albumin membrane-binding activity in patients with evolving complications of sepsis. The activities of sPLA2 and albumin returned to normal values more rapidly in the permissive underfeeding group than in the standard enteral feeding group. The inverse sPLA2-albumin activity relationship suggests a complex interplay between these two proteins and a regulatory mechanism underlying cell membrane phospholipid homeostasis in sepsis. The decreased albumin-membrane binding activity in patients' serum was due to its fatty acid-binding sites occupied by pre-bound fatty acids that might alter albumin's structure, binding capacities, and essential functions. The sPLA2-albumin dual serum assays may be useful in determining whether nutritional intervention effectively supports the more rapid recovery of appropriate immune responses in critically ill patients with sepsis.
This is a pilot a pilot cross-sectional study to evaluate the utility of TMS-derived biomarkers in PTE prediction and detection. We will measure motor cortex excitability and intracortical inhibition (see below) in TBI patients with PTE (Group 1), TBI patients with average 30% risk of developing PTE who have not yet developed PTE (Group 2) and healthy age- and sex-matched control participants (group 3). 10 adult subjects aged 18-70 will be recruited into each group. We shall obtain a range of TMS metrics in each individual (see below), and, per metric, compare average values among groups by 1-way ANOVA. Our specific hypothesis is that, relative to healthy control, motor cortex TMS measures will indicate increased cortical excitability in participants with PTE, and a trend toward same in patients with TBI who have not developed PTE For subjects in groups 2 and 3, all antiseizure treatments will be stable (unchanged) for 4 weeks prior to evaluation. Subjects will undergo two ppTMS testing separated by 1-2 weeks. Per participant, TMS metrics (see below), will be evaluated for test-retest reliability (our secondary outcome measure)
This disclosure relates to the release of singlet oxygen by thermally activated decomposition of aromatic endoperoxide molecules in material systems [e.g. polymer (nano)particles or polymer films]. Due to the short lifespan and diffusion length of singlet oxygen, the technical problem is that the majority of the decomposition may only take place if the singlet oxygen molecules can reach the target region. For example, either the penetration of the polymer particles into the cancer cells to be killed, or the settlement of bacteria on an implant coated with the polymer film, must be accomplished. It is necessary to allow adaptation of the time progression of the decomposition for the application. The adaptation is performed by chemically and/or physically modifying the functional structures present in the material system, each made of the molecule forming the endoperoxide and at least one adjacent molecule or the cage formed by all adjacent molecules. Potential applications are in pharmacy and medicine, as well as in production technology.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an antioxidative stress agent containing an S-II protein as an active ingredient, a method for screening a sample inhibiting viviparous lethality of a multicellular organism by utilizing the S-II protein, a new protein interacting with the S-II protein, a method for utilizing the protein or the like.  <P>SOLUTION: It was discovered that an S-II gene-destroyed strain of a yeast cell exhibits oxidative stress sensitivity, and when the S-II gene is introduced to the gene-destroyed strain, the oxidative stress sensitivity is recovered. The creation of an S-II gene knockout mouse was tried. As a result, it was found that the S-II gene knockout mouse exhibits the viviparous lethality. The FESTA protein interacting with the S-II was identified by a Yeast two-hybrid method. It was also found that the FESTA protein has transcription-activating activities.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is a quite popular approach for detecting fetal genomic aneuploidies. However, due to the limitations on sequencing read length and coverage, NIPT suffers a bottleneck on further improving performance and conducting earlier detection. The errors mainly come from reference biases and population polymorphism. To break this bottleneck, we proposed NIPT-PG, which enables the NIPT algorithm to learn from population data. A pan-genome model is introduced to incorporate variant and polymorphic loci information from tested population. Subsequently, we proposed a sequence-to-graph alignment method, which considers the read mis-match rates during the mapping process, and an indexing method using hash indexing and adjacency lists to accelerate the read alignment process. Finally, by integrating multi-source aligned read and polymorphic sites across the pan-genome, NIPT-PG obtains a more accurate z-score, thereby improving the accuracy of chromosomal aneuploidy detection. We tested NIPT-PG on two simulated datasets and 745 real-world cell-free DNA sequencing data sets from pregnant women. Results demonstrate that NIPT-PG outperforms the standard z-score test. Furthermore, combining experimental and theoretical analyses, we demonstrate the probably approximately correct learnability of NIPT-PG. In summary, NIPT-PG provides a new perspective for fetal chromosomal aneuploidies detection. NIPT-PG may have broad applications in clinical testing, and its detection results can serve as a reference for false positive samples approaching the critical threshold.
The present invention relates to Chinese medicine ointment for curing burns and scalds and the preparation method of the ointment. The Chinese medicine ointment is prepared from components of the weight portion: 15 to 18 portions of beeswax, 45 to 50 portions of sesame oil, 4 to 8 portions of chuanxiong rhizome and 4 to 7 portions of clam meal. The present invention has a preparation method comprises: the sesame oil is boiled, and the chuanxiong rhizome is put in the sesame oil to be fried to be dry to float off; then, the clam meal is added to the chuanxiong rhizome; after the clam meal is boiled, the beeswax is added to the clam meal; after melted, the beeswax is filtered and deslagged so that the Chinese medicine ointment is obtained. The Chinese medicine ointment of the present invention has the advantages of simple composition and good curative effect. A cure rate achieves 100% by use by 500 patients. The Chinese medicine ointment can be used for curing burns, scalds, eczema, eating tetter, tumors, scleroma, frostbite, etc. by being coated. The preparation method of the present invention is scientific, reasonable, simple and practical.