anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Corticosteroids can reduce the mortality rate among patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. However, opportunistic infections such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis are of concern, especially among those on high doses of corticosteroids. It is unknown whether the risk of developing subsequent TB infection is high or not among COVID-19 patients on high doses of corticosteroids. Hence, this study was conducted to address this gap of knowledge. We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study at the King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital from October 12, 2022 to June 30, 2023. Two hundred forty-three participants with documented COVID-19 diagnosis on high dose corticosteroids were enrolled into the study. Baseline characteristics and risk factors of developing TB were collected. The prevalence of TB was significantly different among participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 2-4 and chronic lung diseases. The incidence of TB post 1-year diagnosis of COVID-19 was 4 out of 243 patients (1.6%) or 1,646 cases per 100,000 person-year. The mortality rate among subsequent TB group was significantly much higher than the non-TB group (50% vs 0.4%; p-value = 0.001). COVID-19 participants on high doses of corticosteroids also were co-infected with other infections such as bacteria (37.1%), fungi (5.3%), and Pneumocystis jirovecii (PJP) (1.2%). We found that the incidence of TB in participants with COVID-19 on high doses of corticosteroids was 11 times higher than the general population. Therefore, we recommend screening for latent TB among these patients to prevent/early diagnose TB disease.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce granules of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer with improved reliability by producing the granules containing only Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer as a raw material.SOLUTION: According to a production method of the invention, the granules of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer with improved reliability are obtained by producing the granules containing only Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer as a raw material. That is, in the invention, produced are granules in which powders are bound each other by spraying extract derived from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer to Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer powders, and evaporating a solution component contained in the extract attached to the powders. By having such composition, production of the granules containing only Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer as a raw material without using foreign additives is enabled.
Tobacco is estimated to cause more than 5 millions yearly deaths in the developed world. Although most smokers would like to quit, relapse rates remain high. It seems that this relapse is linked with the process of craving, which is a powerful desire to smoke elicited by smoking deprivation or exposure to situations or cues that are associated with smoking. Neuroimaging studies have shown that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and especially the right part, is critically involved in processing the craving of smoking. Increasing the activity of the DLPFC by noninvasive brain stimulation has been demonstrated to be effective in decreasing craving symptoms in cigarette smokers.

The aim of this study is to determine whether a powerful technique of noninvasive brain stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), could reduce cigarette smoking. tDCS is a painless and safe brain stimulation method capable of modulating cortical excitability. The nature of these modulations depends on stimulation polarity: anodal tDCS is thought to cause neuronal depolarisation and thus enhancing cortical excitability whereas cathodal stimulation is proposed to reduce excitability. The investigators hypothesize that anodal tDCS applied repetitively to the right DLPFC could constitute a treatment of tobacco addiction. Therefore, the investigators will conduct a sham-tDCS-controlled, randomized, double-blind study.
Extent of surgical resection of malignant high grade glioma has been established as one of the most important predictors of overall survival and six-month progression free survival. Unfortunately, it is often difficult in surgery to distinguish between tumor and normal brain. Various technologies have been developed to help the surgeon more readily safely increase extent of resection in order to achieve an improved survival after glioblastoma resection. Fluorescein has been used at some institutions for a number of years to improve visualization of high-grade gliomas enabling their better resection. Intraoperative MRI has also been developed with similar intent, allowing the patient to be imaged intraoperatively to determine extent of resection and any need for further resection prior to leaving the operating room. While there is some evidence these technologies improve extent of resection in comparison to historical controls, they have never been tested against each other in any prospective fashion.

Intraoperative MRI has significant cost and significantly increases operative time. Fluorescein is a very inexpensive injectable agent and, if as good at achieving gross total resection as intraoperative MRI, would offer patients similar surgical outcomes with less anesthetic time and cost than intraoperative MRI. This study aims to investigate the value of fluorescein or intraoperative MRI in malignant glioma patients' extent of tumor resection in a prospectively randomized manner.
The anode will be positioned over the left hemisphere at C3 while the cathode will be positioned over the contralateral hemisphere F3. During active stimulation a 2.0mA current released by a 35 cm2 electrode will be used for 20 min. The position of the electrodes will be performed based on a 10-20 system according to the international EEG unit system, with the location of the electrodes at C3 and F3, respectively.
All subjects in this group will receive scaling and root planing (full mouth during no more than 2 sessions within two weeks following the Baseline exam). Thereafter, PeriZone PerioPatch will be dispensed to subjects per randomization for administration over the trial period. Subjects will apply study patches (i.e., BID on Days 1, 28 and 42; QD on Days 2-6; Days 14-20, 29-30 and 43-44) to designated "treatment sites" (i.e., measuring 6 mm or more in pocket depth at Baseline).
PERIKABIVEN is used as a supplement or as the sole source of nutrition in patients, providing macronutrients (amino acids, dextrose and lipids) and micronutrients (electrolytes) parenterally. 

The amino acids provide the structural units that make up proteins and are used to synthesize proteins and other biomolecules or are oxidized to urea and carbon dioxide as a source of energy. 

The administered dextrose is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water, yielding energy. 

Intravenously administered lipids provide a biologically utilizable source of calories and essential fatty acids. Fatty acids serve as an important substrate for energy production. The most common mechanism of action for energy derived from fatty acid metabolism is beta- oxidation. Fatty acids are important for membrane structure and function, precursors for bioactive molecules (such as prostaglandins), and as regulators of gene expression.
BACKGROUND: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) remains the most significant challenge among hospital-acquired infections (HAIs), yet still unresolved. The present study aims to evaluate the preventive effectiveness of JUC Spray Dressing (name of U.S. FDA and CE certifications, while the medical device name in China is Long-acting Antimicrobial Material) alone for CAUTI without combining with antibiotics and to evaluate the impact of bacterial biofilm formation on CAUTI results on the inserted catheters of patients.
METHODS: In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind study, we enrolled adults who suffered from acute urinary retention (AUR) and required catheterization in 6 hospitals in China. Participants were randomly allocated 1:1 according to a random number table to receive JUC Spray Dressing (JUC group) or normal saline (placebo group). The catheters were pretreated with JUC Spray Dressing or normal saline respectively before catheterization. Urine samples and catheter samples were collected after catheterization by trial staff for further investigation.
RESULTS: From April 2012 to April 2020, we enrolled 264 patients and randomly assigned them to the JUC group (n = 132) and the placebo group (n = 132). Clinical symptoms and urine bacterial cultures showed the incidence of CAUTI of the JUC group was significantly lower than the placebo group (P < 0.01). In addition, another 30 patients were enrolled to evaluate the biofilm formation on catheters after catheter insertion in the patients' urethra (10 groups, 3 each). The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that bacterial biofilm formed on the 5th day in the placebo group, while no bacterial biofilm formed on the 5th day in the JUC group. In addition, no adverse reactions were reported using JUC Spray Dressing.
CONCLUSION: Continued indwelling urinary catheters for 5 days resulted in bacterial biofilm formation, and pretreatment of urethral catheters with JUC Spray Dressing can prevent bacterial biofilm formation by forming a physical antimicrobial film, and significantly reduce the incidence of CAUTI. This is the first report of a study on inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation on the catheters in CAUTI patients.
Taste evaluations for the formulations (Formulations A to N) in Sessions 1 to 4 each contains 4 periods. All the planned formulations in this study will have a bosutinib amount equal to 200 mg in each taste assessment. Session 1 consists of bosutinib POS, sorbitol base in water (A); bosutinib POS, mannitol base in water (B); and bosutinib capsules to be opened into water (C). Session 2 consists of bosutinib POS, mannitol base in low % (D) and in high % (E) sodium saccharine sweetener vehicles, respectively; bosutinib POS, mannitol base in low % (F) and high % (G) strawberry flavour vehicles, respectively. Session 3 consists of bosutinib capsules to be opened into low % (H) and high % (I) sodium saccharine sweetener vehicles, respectively; bosutinib capsules to be opened into low % (J) and high % (K) strawberry flavour vehicles, respectively. Session 4 consists of bosutinib capsules opened onto apple sauce (L); bosutinib capsules opened onto full fat natural yoghurt (M); and bosutinib capsules to be opened into water (N). Participants will be assigned to one of the treatment sequences available for each session. Except at session 4 for treatments L and M, each formulation will be presented to the participants in a blinded fashion.

Participants will be required to not swallow, rather to only swish the bosutinib containing liquid in their mouths for approximately 10 seconds, after which the liquid will be spat out. Each participant will record the sensory attributes at timed intervals of 0 (immediately after dosing), 5, 10 and 20 minutes after spitting using a Bosutinib Taste Assessment Questionnaire.
Participants with Relapsed/Refractory (R/R) solid tumors known to express New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 1 (NY-ESO-1) received intravenous (IV) infusion of ASP0739 (human embryonic kidney cell \[HEK293\] transfected with a lentiviral vector that is encoding the target antigen NY-ESO-1) at a dose of 1x10\^7 cells/milliliters (mL) at 4 to 6 mL/minute infusion rate on day 1 of each cycle for a total of 4 doses; an additional 2 doses was administered in participants with a partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD) (1 cycle= 28 days). .
The opioid epidemic has become a significant public health crisis worldwide. With the rise in popularity of fentanyl, opioid overdoses continue to rise at unprecedented rates. Unfortunately, young children have become collateral damage in the face of the opioid epidemic. Accidental exposures and ingestions are the leading cause of opioid overdose in this age group and can result in significant acute complications, long-term sequelae and even death. We present the case of a toddler with accidental fentanyl ingestion who experienced seizures and required intubation for respiratory distress. He was found to have notable diffusion restriction cerebellar changes on MRI and ultimately discharged with normal neurological function. Our case adds to the growing literature of the clinical presentation and neuroimaging features associated with opioid toxicity in young children.
The invention discloses application of turanose in defecation. The invention discloses application of turanose in preparing a medicine or food for relaxing bowels. Kunming mice were randomly divided into blank, model, positive and three-dose-low, medium and high-turanose intervention groups. The dose intervention group is respectively administrated by oral gavage with low, medium and high doses and loperamide; the blank group was given physiological saline; loperamide of the model group; phenolphthalein of the positive group; after 7 days of continuous gastric lavage, the defecation effect of turanose was evaluated from the first fecal discharge time, total fecal weight, number of particles, water content and intestinal ink propulsion rate of each group of mice within 6 hours. Compared with a model group, the high-dose turanose can obviously shorten the first grain defecation time of a constipation mouse, improve the water content of the mouse excrement and increase the small intestine ink propulsion rate. The turanose can mildly and effectively improve the loperamide-induced slow transit constipation.
Participants will receive real needle insertion. The needles will be left in the acupoint for 20 min, with a manual rotation at a ten-min interval. Primary acupoints used in the verum acupuncture group will be: LR3 (Taichong), LI4 (Hegu), SP6 (Sanyinjiao), GB20 (Fengchi). Extra acupoints will be selected based on TCM pattern are GB41 (Zulinqi), SP10 (Xuehai), KI3 (Taixi), or LR2 (Xingjian).
AIM: To compare and evaluate the efficacy of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUD) and resectoscopy remodeling procedure for intermenstrual bleeding associated with previous cesarean delivery scar defect (PCDS).
METHODS: A retrospective comparative study was conducted on patients with PCDS receiving LNG-IUD (levonorgestrel 20 μg/24 h, N = 33) or resectoscopy remodeling (N = 27). Treatment outcomes were compared over 1, 6, and 12 months. Outcomes in patients with a retroverted or large uterus size, defect size, and local vascularization also were evaluated.
RESULTS: At 12 months post-treatment, there were no significant differences between groups in efficacy rate; however, the reduction of intermenstrual bleeding days was higher in the LNG-IUD group than in the resectoscopy group (13.6 vs. 8.5 days, p = 0.015). Within the first year, both groups experienced a reduction in bleeding days, but the decrease was greater in the LNG-IUD group. Individuals exhibiting increased local vascularization at the defect site experienced more favorable outcomes in the LNG-IUD group than the resectoscopy group (p = 0.016), and who responded poorly tended to have a significantly larger uterus in the LNG-IUD group (p = 0.019). No significant differences were observed in treatment outcomes for patients with a retroverted uterus or large defect in either group.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support that the LNG-IUD is as effective as resectoscopy in reducing intermenstrual bleeding days associated with PCDS and can be safely applied to patients without recent fertility aspirations. Patients with increased local vascularization observed during hysteroscopy may benefit more from LNG-IUD intervention than resectoscopy.
Electronic records are formatted according to recipient addresses. When an electronic database record is received by a server or other device, the electronic database record has any formatting, herein termed a legacy format. The electronic database record is destined for delivery to device identified by a recipient address. The recipient address is associated with a software agent that reformats the legacy format into a different format. The electronic database record is thus reformatted according to software agent associated with the recipient address. A reformatted database record is thus sent to the recipient address, and the reformatted database record has the different format.
Embodiments herein relate to compositions herein can include one or more of a tomato extract, a rhubarb extract, a garlic extract, a cashew shell composition, and a saponin composition, wherein the composition prevents or reduces methanogenesis in animals. Embodiments herein also relate to compositions including one or more of glycoalkaloids, saponins, anthraquinones, anacardic acid, and allicin and methods for using the same for mitigating methanogenesis in animals. In an embodiment, a composition can include glycoalkaloids, such as α-tomatine, that can prevent methanogenesis. In an embodiment, a method of processing animal feed is included. In an embodiment, a method of treating an animal to reduce methanogenesis is included. Other embodiments are also included herein.
The proposed project will target regulation and reward systems using guided imagery to increase exercise adherence by increasing positive affect and the evaluation of future rewards among mid-life adults. The investigators will conduct a within subject design in 160 mid-life adults (45-65 years of age) and examine the impact of different components of guided imagery on exercise adherence, regulation systems indexed by delay discounting, positive affect related to exercise, and functional neuroimaging (i.e., connectivity between regulation and reward brain regions). Participants will be asked to complete three assessment appointment periods: 1) baseline, 2) 6-weeks (i.e., end of exercise intervention), and 3) 12-weeks. Each appointment will include assessment of primary outcome measures of delay discounting and exercise positive affect. In addition, baseline and 6-week appointments will include functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) assessments of functional connectivity between reward and regulation regions. Physical activity will be measured at baseline, immediately following the intervention, and 6 weeks following the intervention to explore changes in physical activity across study participation. At the end of the final appointment participants will be debriefed on the goals of the study and asked to provide feedback related to feasibility, the guided imagery experience, and exercise intervention experience to inform future research. In addition, blood draws will be completed at baseline to assess genetic risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (i.e., APOE). If successful, this approach could be used in future studies to increase participation in exercise and adherence to exercise interventions with the goal of promoting brain health and reducing the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. The design of the proposed clinical trial permits a rigorous evaluation of the role of engaging regulation and reward systems to change immediate and future reward. The exercise intervention will consist of one-on-one high intensity interval training (HIIT) overseen by an exercise specialist twice a week for 6 weeks. Exercise adherence will be monitored as the percentage of the weekly exercise and adherence to the HIIT protocol.
A high purity egg oil that is obtained using the dried or powdered yolks of fowls or reptiles as initial ingredient. This extraction is done with the help of fat solvents, then followed by two steps of ageing. First, at room temperature and followed by ageing at reduced temperature, separate and centrifuge the lower density phase formed here and then again separate the lower density portion. When needed, mix with de-mineralized water several times and heat. When cooled and when the lower density phase is separated, centrifuge again. Then, again, separate the lower density portion, preserve it at low temperature, and then perform phase separation for the separated lower density portion again and centrifuge anew. This will result in another phase separation, in which the separated lower density portion is the final product. This product is liquid with yellowish to reddish in color, and can be preserved without preservatives. The high purity egg oil produced according to this method can be used to treat skin burn, including sunburn, and skin re-generation in cosmetics products.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Studies on the outcomes of parathyroid surgery are scarce. The aim was to report the outcomes and to study the association between pre- and peri-operative information with the outcomes of patients operated for primary hyperparathyroidism.
METHODS: This was a retrospective, descriptive study with unselected patients treated surgically for primary hyperparathyroidism from a catchment population of 704,500 in Finland. Data were acquired from the electronic hospital registers based on parathyroid surgery procedure codes between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2018. Preoperative data, surgical data, preoperative and postoperative laboratory values, histopathological findings, and postoperative clinical data were recorded.
RESULTS: During the 2-year study period, 149 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were treated surgically with a 97% remission rate. Surgical complications included postoperative bleeding in two patients (1%) and vocal cord paralysis in one patient (0.6%). No postoperative infections were reported. Three patients (2%) developed postoperative hypoparathyroidism necessitating the use of alfacalcidol more than 1 month after surgery. Ionized calcium measured 0-1 days after surgery was not statistically significantly associated with remission or postoperative hypoparathyroidism. Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) assessed 0-1 days postoperatively was associated with persistent disease, but not with postoperative hypoparathyroidism. The histopathological diagnosis was adenoma or hyperplasia in 112 patients (75%), atypical adenoma in 28 patients (19%), and carcinoma in five patients (3%). Patients with parathyroid carcinoma had higher preoperative ionized calcium and PTH values than those with adenoma or hyperplasia.
CONCLUSIONS: Most patients who were operated due to primary hyperparathyroidism achieved normocalcemia after surgery, and the frequency of complications was low. Ionized calcium taken 0-1 days after surgery was not associated with remission of hyperparathyroidism or postoperative hypoparathyroidism. High postoperative serum PTH predicted persistent disease.