anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This is the first-year part of a two-phase prospective study. The aims of this study are to investigate the prevalence rate of eating disorders in Taiwan, it's correlated psychosocial risk factors and establish the validity index of BITE. The study subjects consist of Taiwanese gifted dance high school students and comparable ordinary class students. Parental informed consent for nonpartipation was delivered 3 days before study started.All students completed questionnaires(Eating Altitude Test (EAT-26), Bulimic Investigatory Test, Ediburgh (BITE), Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), Physical Appearance Related Teasing Scale, Pubertal Develoment Scale, and Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS) at first phase. All subjects who are above threshold (EAT-26 score≧20 and BMI≦17.5Kg/m2; the symptom scale score of BITE≧15 and/or severity scale≧5),and 10% of the sub-threshold cases need to receive second-phase interview by two senior psychiatrists. The contents of interview included SCID-IP, and risk factors assessment for eating disorders. The known risk factors included both personal factors (history of obesity, psychiatric, menstruation, teasing, or sexual or physical abuse, etc.) as well as family factors (parental problems, history of obesity, dieting, psychiatric illness etc.).

Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 10.0 for Windows/PC. Categorical data were analyzed by nonparametric test (Chi-square test). ANOVA or Student's t-test was used for continuous data analyses. Reliability is assessed by internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Inter-rater reliability was assessed by Kappa statistics. The sensitivity and specificity for eating disorders were calculated for individual screening instrument.ROC analyses were undertaken to evaluate the overall performance of the BITE +/- EAT in detecting eating disorder cases. Regression analysis was applied to determine predictors of disordered eating or eating disorder status. A value of P\< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
BACKGROUND: The aim of many interventions used by speech and language therapists (SLTs) is to change behaviours related to communication and interaction. Parent-led language interventions for children in the early years (0-5 years) rely on SLTs supporting parents to change their behaviour in child-focused interactions to effect a change in the child's communication. Therapeutic techniques used by SLTs in parent-led language interventions are largely underspecified, impacting on intervention reporting, replication, trialling and development. The Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy Version 1 (BCTTv1) offers a method of describing intervention techniques developed for use in public health interventions, but with several examples of its application to speech and language interventions.
AIMS: To identify behaviour change techniques (BCTs) from the BCTTv1 occurring in parent-led language interventions for children in the early years.
METHODS & PROCEDURES: A literature search identified relevant descriptions of parent-led language interventions. These were coded using the BCTTv1. A reliability check was carried out on 10% of the descriptions. To confirm the use of identified BCTs in clinical practice, results of the literature search were triangulated with an online survey of SLTs, and observations of SLTs delivering parent-led language intervention.
OUTCOMES & RESULTS: A total of 84 papers containing descriptions of 45 interventions were coded; 62 SLTs responded to the survey and three SLTs were observed delivering parent-led language intervention. A total of 24 BCTs were identified in the literature search, replicated in the observations and verified by SLTs in the survey. BCTs were identified at two levels: Level 1 SLT implemented to change parent interactive behaviour; and Level 2 parent implemented to change child communicative behaviour.
CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS: The BCTTv1 is a useful starting place for describing parent-led language interventions. With some additions and adjustments, BCTs identified in this study were immediately recognized by practitioners and can easily be adopted into practice.
WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on this subject Techniques used in SLT interventions are often not clearly described. The BCTTv1 has been used to clarify technique descriptions with success in a small number of SLT disciplines, but not yet in parent-led language interventions for preschoola children. What this paper adds to the existing knowledge This paper constitutes the first research into quantifying the techniques used in parent-led language interventions using the BCTTv1. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? This paper provides a clear list of techniques used by SLTs implementing interventions for preschool children, which can be immediately adopted and used in practice. It also highlights potential adjustments and gaps in the BCTTv1 in relation to SLT which can contribute to future iterations.
### Tablets

Administer in divided doses 2 or 3 times daily, preferably 30 to 45 minutes before meals. Average dosage is 20 to 30 mg daily. Some patients may require 40 to 60 mg daily. In others, 10 to 15 mg daily will be adequate. Patients who are unable to sleep if medication is taken late in the day should take the last dose before 6 p.m.

### Extended-Release Tablets

Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets have a duration of action of approximately 8 hours. Therefore, the extended-release tablets may be used in place of the immediate-release tablets when the 8-hour dosage of methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets corresponds to the titrated 8-hour dosage of the immediate-release tablets. Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets must be swallowed whole and never crushed or chewed.
Eating disorders (EDs) are severe mental illnesses with a multifactorial etiology and a chronic course. Among the biological factors related to pathogenesis and maintenance of EDs, inflammation acquired growing scientific interest. This study aimed to assess the inflammatory profile of EDs, focusing on anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and including for the first time binge eating disorder. A comprehensive research of existing literature identified 51 eligible studies for meta-analysis, comparing levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), osteoprotegerin (OPG), soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (sRANKL), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) between patients with EDs and healthy controls (HCs). The systematic review explored other inflammatory biomarkers of interest, which did not meet the meta-analysis criteria. Results revealed significantly elevated levels of TNF-α, OPG, sRANKL, and IL-1β in patients with EDs compared to HCs. Additionally, the results highlighted the heterogeneity of inflammatory state among patients with EDs, emphasizing the need for further research into the association between inflammatory biomarkers and psychopathological correlates. This approach should transcend categorical diagnoses, enabling more precise subcategorizations of patients. Overall, this study contributed to the understanding of the inflammatory pathways involved in EDs, emphasizing potential implications for diagnosis, staging, and targeted interventions.
The invention discloses a multifunctional health-preserving and health-care foot bath bag, foot bath liquid medicine and application thereof. The foot bath bag is composed of traditional Chinese medicinal materials contained in a non-woven bag, wherein the traditional Chinese medicinal materials comprise folium artemisiae argyi, safflower, dried ginger, ligusticum wallichii, leonurus, turmeric, cassia twig, mulberry leaf, pericarpium zanthoxyli, lycopodium clavatum and divaricate saposhnikovia root. And (3) putting the foot bath bag into water, boiling for 5-10 minutes, and adding cold water or warm water to adjust to a proper foot bath temperature to obtain the foot bath liquid medicine. The foot bath bag and the foot bath liquid medicine can be used as medicines for relieving and improving relevant clinical symptoms of human bodies and preserving health. The invention has the effects of warming the middle-jiao to dispel cold, removing dampness and relieving pain, can promote blood circulation, relieve the symptoms of patients with cold hands and feet, intolerance of cold, female menstrual pain in physiological period, rheumatic cold arthralgia and the like of people with weak and cold constitution, and also has the functions of improving insomnia and improving body immunity. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is convenient to use, small in toxic and side effects, safe, effective, easy to accept by people, wide in function spectrum and suitable for wide crowds by adopting a traditional Chinese medicine external treatment method and a preferable formula.
Slow acting, stomach-intestinal-tract soluble, pharmaceutical products are prepd. from particles of 0.2-1.2 mm. diameter grain size and contg. active cpds.. These particles were crystals or were kneaded, extruded and shaped into spheres, prior to being coated by an amphiphilic polymer and several hydropholic layers, depending on the degree of retardation required. The active cpds. contain mainly salts of inorganic cations and organic anions.
Participants in the intervention group received at least 25-45' of balance treatment. The balance treatments were aimed at improving participants' control of the position and movement of the center of mass and body segments during static, dynamic and transitional tasks.
Subjects will receive progressive electrical stimulations with an external nerve stimulator over the ulnar nerve, from 0 mA to 30 mA in increments of 5 (2 Hz single twitch mode), for 3 minutes at each intensity. They will be asked to score their pain level (NRS 0-10) every minute. ANI will be recorded constantly.
Intranasal mucosal vaccines can more effectively induce mucosal immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. Here, we show in hamsters that an intranasal subunit mucosal vaccine boost with the beta variant S1 can prevent weight loss, in addition to reducing viral load, which cannot be studied in macaques that don't develop COVID-like disease. Protective efficacy against both viral load and weight loss correlated with serum antibody titers. A sex bias was detected in that immune responses and protection against viral load were greater in females than males. We also found that priming with S1 from the Wuhan strain elicited lower humoral immune responses against beta variant and led to less protection against beta viral challenge, suggesting the importance of matched antigens. The greater efficacy of mucosal vaccines in the upper respiratory tract and the need to consider sex differences in vaccine protection are important in the development of future improved COVID-19 vaccines.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for external application treating tinea unguium, belonging to traditional Chinese medicine art. The traditional Chinese medicine composition for external application treating tinea unguium has drug materials as active ingredients with the following weight: 12 g chaulmoogra, 12 g angelica dahurica, 12 g calcined alum, 9 g sulfur, and 6 g pricklyash peel. The above drugs are crushed together into fine powder of 100 mesh fineness, by adding right amount lard to obtain a drug in paster form. The paster drug is coated on affected area, with gently massaging by hand to make the potency directly into the affected area, then drying by fire. The drug is used twice each day, with 30 minutes once, and the period of treated is 7 days. Benefits of the invention are in that: the traditional Chinese medicine composition in external application has remarkable effect for treating tinea unguium, and is simple, convenient for use, without any pain and side effect.
This arm plans to explore the effects of sub-chronic (5-day) treatment with exenatide as compared to placebo on the subjective (e.g., euphoric) and behavioral (self-administration) effects of cocaine in experienced, non-treatment seeking users of the drug. Upon completion of arm 1, subjects may opt to be randomized to five days of treatment with either exenatide or placebo, followed by a one-day human laboratory study of self-regulated cocaine administration. We hypothesize that subjects treated with exenatide (up to N=12) will demonstrate decreased self-regulated cocaine administration as compared to subjects treated with placebo (up to N=12).
PREMISE: Hybridization is recognized as an important mechanism in fern speciation, with many allopolyploids known among congeners, as well as evidence of ancient genome duplications. Several contemporary instances of deep (intergeneric) hybridization have been noted, invariably resulting in sterile progeny. We chose the christelloid lineage of the family Thelypteridaceae, recognized for its high frequency of both intra- and intergeneric hybrids, to investigate recent hybrid speciation between deeply diverged lineages. We also seek to understand the ecological and evolutionary outcomes of resulting lineages across the landscape.
METHODS: By phasing captured reads within a phylogenomic data set of GoFlag 408 nuclear loci using HybPhaser, we investigated candidate hybrids to identify parental lineages. We estimated divergence ages by inferring a dated phylogeny using fossil calibrations with treePL. We investigated ecological niche conservatism between one confirmed intergeneric allotetraploid and its diploid progenitors using the centroid, overlap, unfilling, and expansion (COUE) framework.
RESULTS: We provide evidence for at least six instances of intergeneric hybrid speciation within the christelloid clade and estimate up to 45 million years of divergence between progenitors. The niche quantification analysis showed moderate niche overlap between an allopolyploid species and its progenitors, with significant divergence from the niche of one progenitor and conservatism to the other.
CONCLUSIONS: The examples provided here highlight the overlooked role that allopolyploidization following intergeneric hybridization may play in fern diversification and range and niche expansions. Applying this approach to other fern taxa may reveal a similar pattern of deep hybridization resulting in highly successful novel lineages.
This study has an adaptive 2-stage design. Bioequivalence based on encapsulated doxorubicin will be tested at the end of Stage 1 . An interim analysis of free doxorubicin will be performed at the end of Stage 1 . If needed, the study may continue into Stage 2 with additional number of ovarian cancer patients determined based on the interim analysis; and a final evaluation of bioequivalence for free doxorubicin will be performed at the end of Stage 2. Each patient will be randomized to one of two treatment sequences (RT or TR) according to a randomization scheme prepared prior to the start of the trial. Serial blood samples for determination of free doxorubicin and liposomal encapsulated doxorubicin plasma concentrations for PK analysis will be obtained in each cycle.

The 90% confidence intervals on the GMR（geometric mean ratio） of test to reference products of free and liposome encapsulated doxorubicin for PK must be within 80-125% to demonstrate bioequivalence.

Safety data will be summarized and listed. Adverse events will be coded and classified by system organ class and preferred term using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. A summary of all drug-related adverse events will also be generated. Clinical laboratory data will be summarized descriptively and listed by treatment group. The change from pre dose to the end of the study will also be summarized. Prior and concomitant medications will be coded with the World Health Organization Drug Dictionary and listed. Vital signs and electrocardiogram data will be summarized and listed by dose group and visit.
AIM: To investigate the distribution of paediatric surgery in various hospitals and to study postoperative risk factors of mortality.
METHODS: Retrospective registry-based cohort study of children aged 0-14 years undergoing surgery from 2017 to 2021. Data were extracted from the Swedish Perioperative Registry. A mixed logistic regression was applied for the all-risk mortality analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 126 539 cases were identified, 50% in university, 36% in county and 14% in district hospitals. The dominating operations were appendectomy in 6667, orchidopexy in 5287, inguinal hernia repair in 4200 and gastrostomy in 1152 children. Among children under 1 year of age or American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification (ASA-PS-Class) 3-5, the majority underwent surgery in university hospitals. The 30-day mortality in university hospitals was 0.5% and in county hospitals 0%. The proportion of emergency surgery was similar in university and county hospitals. Independent risk factors of mortality were being under 1 year of age, ASA-PS-class 4-5, emergency surgery and surgery at university hospitals.
CONCLUSION: Half of all operations in children were performed in university hospitals, with low postoperative mortality despite effective centralisation of high risk patients <1 year of age or ASA-PS-Class 3-5.
The invention provides a grape seed fermentation protoplasm cosmetic and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the grape seed fermentation raw pulp comprises the following steps: mixing the grape seed dry powder, water and bacterial liquid to obtain an initial system, and performing fermentation culture on the initial system to obtain grape seed fermentation protoplasm. In the bacterial liquid, the strain is lactococcus lactis, and can be specifically lactobacillus. The application of the grape seed fermentation protoplasm in preparing cosmetics with at least one function of 1) to 4) or directly as cosmetics with at least one function of 1) to 4) is also within the protection scope of the invention: 1) removing DPPH free radicals; 2) stimulating collagen production; 3) oxidation resistance; 4) and (4) resisting aging. The cosmetic is facial mask, essence or toner. The method of the invention extracts active substances from grape seeds by using a fermentation engineering technology, has simple operation, and the prepared grape seed leavening, namely the grape seed fermentation raw stock, is safe and harmless to skin and has higher anti-aging activity because no foreign substances are added.
BACKGROUND AND AIM: To establish reference values for hyperuricemia (HUA) in children and adolescents.
METHODS AND RESULTS: The study enrolled 4807 students from "The Evaluation and Monitoring on School-based Nutrition and Growth in Shenzhen study." Utilizing quantile regression, associations between age, body mass index (BMI), pubertal stage, and serum uric acid (SUA) were examined, alongside the relationship between SUA and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Reference values for SUA were explored using receiver operating characteristic analysis, considering sex and pubertal stage. The prevalence of HUA was 34.3 % for boys and 29 % for girls (using the adult HUA diagnostic criteria: >420 μmol/L for males, >360 μmol/L for females), increasing with higher BMI, age, and pubertal stage. Pubertal stage had the largest influence on SUA in boys, while nutritional status was the most significant factor affecting SUA in girls. Adjusting for age and pubertal stage, higher SUA levels correlated with an increased risk of CVD risk factors. Proposed reference values included >360 μmol/L for girls ages 6-17 years and prepubertal boys. For pubertal boys, reference values varied based on age: >392 μmol/L for ages 9-11 in early-middle puberty, >429 μmol/L for ages 12-14 in early-middle puberty, >478 μmol/L for ages 12-14 in late puberty, and >505 μmol/L for ages 15-17 in late puberty.
CONCLUSIONS: Stratifying HUA reference values by pubertal stage, particularly for boys, is crucial. Long-term follow-up of individuals with high SUA levels may aid in refining SUA reference values.
Control Neonates will be easily obtained from a single center, Shands UF. The control samples will be derived from two groups: (1) "Healthy Controls" will be healthy neonates with Apgar scores ≥ 7 at 1 minute and ≥ 8 at 5 minutes and no other medical problems associated with neurologic injury such as hyperbilirubinemia or hypoglycemia. This group will establish a negative control and will have 500-800µL of blood collected at the time of standard blood metabolic screens (at 24 and 48 hours of life). (2) "Clinical Controls" will be healthy neonates evaluated for jaundice, with multiple blood samples drawn between birth and 48 hours of life to monitor serum bilirubin concentrations. They will have an additional 0.8-1 mL of blood drawn at the time of any clinical sample (venous or heel stick) is performed. In addition, neonates will be excluded if they show signs of sepsis or hypoglycemia (\< 40). The neonates' bilirubin will be plotted using the American Academy of Pediatrics risk-based stratification method, the Bhutani monogram (which is a based on the serum bilirubin concentration and the hours of life). Clinical control neonates must have low-risk or low-intermediate bilirubin concentrations, with virtually no risk of brain injury.
Both the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification for mRNA play an important role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. However, the relationship between TGF-β and m6A in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Here, it is found that TGF-β can promote the liquid phase separation of METTL3, which further leads to the reduction of mRNA stability of ITIH1. As a secreted protein, ITIH1 can act as a ligand of integrin α5β1 to antagonize fibronectin, induce the inhibition of focal adhesion kinase signaling pathway, and inhibit the progression of HCC. In the preclinical model (mouse model, patient-derived organoid, patient-derived xenografts), purified recombinant ITIH1 (r-ITIH1) protein can be targeted for HCC. More importantly, r-ITIH1 can play a synergistic role in targeting HCC with TGF-β inhibitor. The downstream ITIH1 regulatory mechanism of TGF-β and m6A modification is revealed, and ITIH1 can be translational as a potential target for HCC.
CYP1A2 inhibitors:Anagrelide and its active metabolite are primarily metabolized by CYP1A2. Drugs that inhibit CYP1A2 (e.g., fluvoxamine, ciprofloxacin) could increase the exposure of anagrelide. Monitor patients for cardiovascular events and titrate doses accordingly when CYP1A2 inhibitors are coadministered. 

CYP1A2 inducers:CYP1A2 inducers could decrease the exposure of anagrelide. Patients taking concomitant CYP1A2 inducers (e.g., omeprazole) may need to have their dose titrated to compensate for the decrease in anagrelide exposure. 

CYP1A2 substrates:Anagrelide demonstrates limited inhibitory activity towards CYP1A2 in vitroand may alter the exposure of concomitant CYP1A2 substrates (e.g., theophylline, fluvoxamine, ondansetron).
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an antioxidant developing significant antioxidant effect as compared with those of conventional ones, and containing new compound (s) useful for stably formulating foods or cosmetics with substance (s) low in oxidation stability and having been hard to formulate. SOLUTION: This antioxidant contains, as active ingredient, 0.001-20.0wt.% of saikosaponin b1 , saikosaponin b2 , or an extract containing either saikosaponin b1 or saikosaponin b2 . The saikosaponin b1 or saikosaponin b2 is obtained by subjecting the leaves and stems or roots, etc., of bupleuri radix, or bupleuri radix whole grass to extraction with e.g. water as extractive solvent (i.e., through the following consecutive processes: cold immersion or refluxing under heating, filtration, and concentration). Formulation of a milky lotion with this antioxidant enables stable formulation of the milky lotion with e.g. turtle oil.