anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: The significance of reinforcement of the duodenal stump with seromuscular sutures and the effectiveness of reinforced staplers in preventing duodenal stump leakage remain unclear. We aimed to explore the importance of duodenal stump reinforcement and determine the optimal reinforcement method for preventing duodenal stump leakage.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2021, with data analyzed between December 1, 2022 and September 30, 2023. This multicenter study across 57 institutes in Japan included 16,475 patients with gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomies. Elective open or minimally invasive (laparoscopic or robotic) gastrectomy was performed in patients with gastric cancer.
RESULTS: Duodenal stump leakage occurred in 153 (0.93%) of 16,475 patients. The proportions of males, patients aged ≥ 75 years, and ≥ pN1 were higher in patients with duodenal stump leakage than in those without duodenal stump leakage. The incidence of duodenal stump leakage was significantly lower in the group treated with reinforcement by seromuscular sutures or using reinforced stapler than in the group without reinforcement (0.72% vs. 1.19%, p = 0.002). Duodenal stump leakage incidence was also significantly lower in high-volume institutions than in low-volume institutions (0.70% vs. 1.65%, p = 0.047). The rate of duodenal stump leakage-related mortality was 7.8% (12/153). In the multivariate analysis, preoperative asthma and duodenal invasion were identified as independent preoperative risk factors for duodenal stump leakage-related mortality.
CONCLUSIONS: The duodenal stump should be reinforced to prevent duodenal stump leakage after radical gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine tea bag for treating infantile transient tic disorder and a preparation method thereof. The tea bag is prepared from folium mori, semen coicis, oysters, gastrodia elata, stiff silkworms, thunberg fritillary bulbs, blackberry lily, lumbricus, radix paeoniae alba, divaricate saposhnikovia roots, dried radix rehmanniae, liquorice, rhizoma acori graminei, tabasheer and Chinese yam in a certain weight ratio. The preparation method comprises the following steps: A, respectively drying the raw materials; B, respectively smashing the raw materials and screening and sieving; C, proportioning particles of the crushed and sieved raw materials and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture; D, bagging the mixed mixture by 5g/bag; E, sterilizing the bagged medicinal tea and irradiating by ultraviolet light; and F, packaging. The tea bag is safe to eat, free from toxic and side effects and reasonable in formula. The medicinal materials in the formula are extremely wide in distribution and abundant in resource. The formula is concise and the tea bag is brewed by boiled water to be taken. The tea bag has the effects of calming liver wind, stopping spasm, removing dampness, reducing phlegm and eliminating dirt. The tea bag clinically applied for many years is remarkable in curative effect and changes the phenomenon that no medicine is provided for treating infantile transient tic disorder.
The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating polycystic ovarian syndrome, which takes roasted herba epimedii and rhizoma acori graminei as monarch drugs, has the functions of tonifying kidney and reducing phlegm, and performs both elimination and supplementation. The amethyst, the cornu cervi degelatinatum, the semen cuscutae, the pinellia ternate and the immature bitter orange are used as ministerial drugs, and the amethyst, the cornu cervi degelatinatum and the semen cuscutae are used as auxiliary drugs to be reinforced with the roasted herba epimedii, so that the effects of tonifying the kidney and supporting yang are enhanced; ban Xia and Zhi Shi are combined with Shi Pu to reinforce the actions of Shi Pu to resolve phlegm and remove dampness. Fructus Trichosanthis, rhizoma arisaematis cum bile, rhizoma Atractylodis, rhizoma Cyperi preparata, Saviae Miltiorrhizae radix, fructus Leonuri as adjuvant drugs, fructus Trichosanthis, rhizoma arisaematis cum bile, and rhizoma Atractylodis for clearing heat and eliminating phlegm; rhizoma Cyperi preparata, radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, and fructus Leonuri for promoting blood circulation and regulating menstruation. Licorice root, radix Glycyrrhizae coordinates the effects of the other drugs in the recipe. The whole formula has the effects of tonifying kidney, reducing phlegm, promoting blood circulation and restoring menstrual flow. The traditional Chinese medicine composition has definite curative effect on treating polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Patients receive cisplatin IV over 1 hour on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, and 36, undergo extended beam radiation therapy 5 days a week for 6 weeks, and then undergo intracavitary brachytherapy for approximately 2 weeks. Within 2 weeks, patients receive ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes once every 3 weeks for 12 weeks.
The invention relates to the technical field of medicaments, in particular a compound capable of inhibiting the growth of tumor cells. The compound has a structural general formula on the right, wherein X can be -NH- or -O-. The R radical is various substituted benzene rings, naphthalene rings and indole rings. The substituting positions of the radicals on an aromatic ring are not limited, which can be 2 sites, 3 sites and 4 sites. The substitution can be mono-substitution and poly-substitution (including di-substitution, tri-substitution or tetra-substitution), and substituents in the poly-substitution can also be interconnected into rings. The substituents in the benzene rings comprise: (1) H, F, Cl, Br and I; (2) low grade alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl and tert-butyl; (3) low grade alkoxy groups such as methoxyl and oxethyl; and (4) hydrogen bond receptors and donor radicals such as cyano-groups, nitro-groups, amino-groups and hydroxyl. The compound has stable chemical properties, can inhibit the growth of the tumor cells, and can be applied to preparing anti-tumor medicaments.
If the subject is assigned to receive the isopropyl alcohol pad group, an isopropyl alcohol pad (Covidien Webcol 2 ply prep pad, saturated with 70% isopropyl alcohol) will be given to the subject, or the legal guardian. The alcohol pad will be held 1-2 cm under the subject's nares, the subject will be instructed to take deep breaths, inhaling through the nose as frequently as needed during the Emergency Department (ED) stay.
Sport activity compared to sedentary life is associated with improved wellbeing and risk reduction in many different health conditions including atrial fibrillation (AF). Vigorous physical activity is associated with increased AF risk. We describe four individuals, who regularly perform endurance sport activity and developed AF. We discuss the changes occurring in the heart of endurance athletes and the possible etiology for AF, as well as currently available treatment options in this seemingly healthy population. Although the etiology of AF in the general population differs from the one in the usually younger endurance sport activity population, the treatment options are similar. There are several factors unique to those involved in vigorous physical activity that can influence their management. Despite a lack of evidence, endurance athletes with AF have traditionally been advised to "de-training," to reduce both the amount and intensity of exercise. Some of the current offered treatment options (beta-blockers, class III antiarrhythmic) have a varied range of adverse effect, hindering them unattractive for these individuals. Depending on risk stratification tools, anticoagulation may be indicated. Some suggest an intermittent dosing therapy, while others recommend following current guidelines. AF ablation is recommended in exercising individuals with recurrent, symptomatic AF and/or in those who do not want drug therapy, given its impact on athletic performance, AF treatment decisions should be individualized for those engaging vigorous physical activity, while considering the potential risks, the urgency of returning to training, and the will and expectations of the patient.
AIMS: This systematic review aims to identify and synthesise the publicly available research testing treatments for mental health, cognition and psychological well-being in long COVID.
METHODS: The following databases and repositories were searched in October-November 2023: Medline, Embase, APA PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, China National Knowledge Internet, WANFANG Data, Web of Science's Preprint Citation Index, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Clinicaltrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. Articles were selected if they described participants with long COVID symptoms at least 4 weeks after SAR-CoV-19 infection, reported primary outcomes on mental health, cognition and/or psychological well-being, and were available with at least an English-language summary. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for systematic reviews were followed.
RESULTS: Thirty-three documents representing 31 studies were included. Seven tested psychosocial interventions, five pharmaceutical interventions, three natural supplement interventions, nine neurocognitive interventions, two physical rehabilitation interventions and five integrated interventions. While some promising findings emerged from randomised controlled trials, many studies were uncontrolled; a high risk of bias and insufficient reporting were also frequent.
CONCLUSIONS: The published literature on treatments for mental health, cognition and psychological well-being in long COVID show that the interventions are highly heterogeneous and findings are inconclusive to date. Continued scientific effort is required to improve the evidence base. Regular literature syntheses will be required to update and educate clinicians, scientists, interventionists and the long COVID community.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a term that entails a broad spectrum of conditions that vary in severity. Its development is influenced by multiple factors such as environment, microbiome, comorbidities, and genetic factors. MASLD is closely related to metabolic syndrome as it is caused by an alteration in the metabolism of fatty acids due to the accumulation of lipids because of an imbalance between its absorption and elimination in the liver. Its progression to fibrosis is due to a constant flow of fatty acids through the mitochondria and the inability of the liver to slow down this metabolic load, which generates oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, triggering cell death. The development and progression of MASLD are closely related to unhealthy lifestyle habits, and nutritional epigenetic and genetic mechanisms have also been implicated. Currently, lifestyle modification is the first-line treatment for MASLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; weight loss of ≥10% produces resolution of steatohepatitis and fibrosis regression. In many patients, body weight reduction cannot be achieved; therefore, pharmacological treatment should be offered in particular populations.
The PNE will be administered following Explaining Pain concepts (Butler and Moseley, 2013), initially contextualizing the importance of the program. The program will be administered as interactive workshops lasting 50 minutes. In addition, the participants were oriented to perform at home a group o motor control exercises during three weeks, twice a week.
Patients undergo radiation therapy and receive chemotherapy per standard of care. Patients undergo DCE MRI, DW MRI, and MR spectroscopy at baseline, 2-2.5 weeks, 4-5 weeks, and 1 month following radiation therapy completion, and FDG PET/CT at baseline, 2-2.5 weeks, and 4-5 weeks.
Single-blind randomized clinical trial of n = 12 healthy subjects. 4 assessments of the grip strength of the non-dominant hand will be made using a digital dynamometer, by a blinded investigator. A V0-pre-intervention, a V1-post-intervention, a V2 at 24 hours and a V3 at 10 days after the intervention. Subjects will be randomly assigned by EPIDAT 3.1, to an experimental group or a control group, with n = 6 each group. In the experimental group, an ultrasound-guided percutaneous electrical stimulation will be performed. With a pointer, a symmetrical biphasic low-frequency current of 10 Hz and 240 microseconds will be applied to the median nerve and ulnar nerve, until reaching the excitomotor threshold, with applications of 10 seconds and rests of 5 seconds until reaching a stimulation of 1 minute. total over each nerve. In the control group, the same invasive procedure will be performed, but no type of electrical stimulation will be applied.

Statistical analysis will be performed by another blinded assessor, using IBM SPSS Statistics 24. A two-factor ANOVA (intervention-time) with Bonferroni correction will be performed.
With the advent of effective neoadjuvant therapies, many patients with Stage II or III lung cancer are being downstaged to Stage I. Recent studies have shown that sublobar resections, especially segmentectomy, offer superior long-term survival and quality of life for patients with Stage I cancer. However, aside from isolated cases, the safety and feasibility of performing segmentectomy on patients who were initially diagnosed with advanced-stage cancer but were later downstaged to Stage I remain unexplored. Thus, our hypothesis is that segmentectomy can be safely executed in these downstaged Stage I patients after neoadjuvant therapy, without necessitating a conversion to lobectomy due to technical complications. Both segmentectomy and lobectomy are considered standard-of-care lung resection procedures.

Recent randomized clinical trials have demonstrated high rates of pathological downstaging for locally advanced lung cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy with R0 resection rates of 83.2% to 77.8% in recent historical controls. Other recent trials demonstrated that high-quality segmentectomy is associated with improved overall survival and is now standard-of-care for early-stage lung cancer with small tumor sizes. Given these findings, the logical next step is to determine if the benefits of high-quality segmentectomy may be extended to an increasingly common clinical scenario where locally advanced lung cancers are downstaged to small tumor size after induction therapy.
The invention discloses a flueggea suffruticosa-type alkaloid dimer-type compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a preparation method and an application thereof. The flueggea suffruticosa-type alkaloid dimer-type compound or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has a chemical structure formula represented as the formula (1), wherein X refers to a group represented as follows or a sulfur atom. In the group that the X refers to, the R is one from the following groups: CH3, C2H5, n-C3H7, n-C4H9, n-C5H11 or a hydrogen atom. The m is an integer selected from 0 to 9. The n is 0 or 1. The number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 in the formula indicate the position of a chiral center, wherein the position is in an R configuration or an S configuration. The flueggea suffruticosa-type alkaloid dimer-type compound or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be used for preparing a drug for treating dysplasia in nerve, nerve injury, neurodegenerative disease and learning and memory disorder.
The invention discloses a bone-knitting inflammation-diminishing pain-relieving ointment which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: white mulberry root-bark: gastrodia elata: soil insect: buckwheat = 400-: 400-500: 400-500: 400-500. The invention is elaborately developed according to the traditional Chinese medicine theory, the cortex mori radicis in the formula has antibacterial effect, and the cortex mori radicis decoction has strong inhibiting effect on staphylococcus aureus; has slight inhibition effect on typhoid bacillus and shigella flexneri. The rhizoma gastrodiae has the main functions that: stop endogenous wind and arrest convulsions. It is indicated for vertigo, dark eye, headache, wind-evil, headache, numbness of limbs, hemiplegia. The ground beetles break blood and remove stasis, reunion of fractured tendons and bones. Buckwheat can enrich intestines and stomach, increase strength, refresh spirit and remove filth of five internal organs. The traditional Chinese medicine composition has the advantages of compatibility of medicines, bring out the best in each other, body resistance strengthening, qi benefiting, blood nourishing, blood circulation promoting, blood stasis removing, heat clearing, detoxifying, long acting time, safety, no toxic or side effect, short treatment course, quick response and obvious treatment effect.
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CIRI) is a leading cause of death worldwide. A small GTPase known as ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 13B (ARL13B) is essential in several illnesses. The role of ARL13B in CIRI remains unknown, though. A middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) in rats as well as an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) models in PC12 cells were constructed. The neuroprotective effects of ARL13B against MCAO/R were evaluated using neurological scores, TTC staining, rotarod testing, H&E staining, and Nissl staining. To detect the expression of proteins associated with the SHH pathway and apoptosis, western blotting and immunofluorescence were employed. Apoptosis was detected using TUNEL assays and flow cytometry. There was increased expression of ARL13B in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion models. However, ARL13B knockdown aggravated CIRI nerve injury by inhibiting the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway. In addition, the use of SHH pathway agonist (SAG) can increased ARL13B expression, reverse the effects of ARL13B knockdown exacerbating CIRI nerve injury. ARL13B alleviated cerebral infarction and pathological injury and played a protective role against MCAO/R. Furthermore, ARL13B significantly increased the expression of SHH pathway-related proteins and the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2, while decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic protein BAX, thus reducing apoptosis. The results from the OGD/R model in PC12 cells were consistent with those obtained in vivo. Surprisingly, we demonstrated that ARL13B regulates the cell cycle to protect against CIRI nerve injury. Our findings indicate that ARL13B protects against CIRI by reducing apoptosis through SHH-dependent pathway activation, and suggest that ARL13B plays a crucial role in CIRI pathogenesis.
This invention relates to a plant transgene expression system. It is comprised of two chromosomally-integrated components that are individually heritable. One component is an inactive replicon, which contains cis-acting viral sequences required for replication and is unable to replicate episomally. The other component is a chimeric transactivating gene comprising a regulated promoter operably-linked to the coding region for a protein that can transactivate replicon replication. Regulated expression of the transactivation protein in plant cells also containing the inactive replicon will trigger the release of free replicon from the integrated inactive replicon and allow its episomal replication. The episomal system is useful for the regulated expression of foreign genes through gene amplification in plant tissue. Tissue-specific expression is controlled by the choice of promoter controlling the transcription of the transactivation gene.  
     This invention also relates to a second plant transgene expression system. This system has two chromosomally-integrated components that are individually heritable. One component is an inactive transgene, which contains site-specific sequences and is unable to be expressed. The other component is a chimeric transactivating site-specific recombinase under the control of a regulated promoter. Regulated expression of the site-specific recombinase protein in plant cells also containing the inactive transgene will activate the transgene through site-specific recombination. The expression system is useful for the regulated expression of foreign genes in plant tissue. Regulated expression is controlled by the choice of promoter controlling the transcription of the recombinase gene.
CONTEXT: Public health law is an important tool in non-communicable disease (NCD) prevention. There are different approaches available for achieving policy objectives, including government, co-, quasi- and self-regulation. However, it is often unclear what legal design features drive successes or failures in particular contexts. This scoping review undertakes a descriptive analysis, exploring the design characteristics of legal instruments that have been used for NCD prevention and implemented and evaluated in OECD countries.
METHODS: A scoping review was conducted across four health and legal databases (Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, HeinOnline), identifying study characteristics, legal characteristics and regulatory approaches, and reported outcomes. Included studies focused on regulation of tobacco, alcohol, unhealthy foods and beverages, and environmental pollutants.
FINDINGS: We identified 111 relevant studies evaluating 126 legal instruments. Evaluation measures most commonly assessed implementation, compliance and changes to the built and lived environment. Few studies evaluated health or economic outcomes. When examining the design and governance mechanisms of the included legal instruments, government regulation was most commonly evaluated (n = 90) and most likely to be reported effective (64%). Self-regulation (n = 27) and quasi-regulation (n = 5) were almost always reported to be ineffective (93% and 100% respectively). There were few co-regulated instruments evaluated (n = 4) with mixed effectiveness. When examining public health risks, food and beverages including alcohol were more likely to be self- or quasi-regulated and reported as ineffective more often. In comparison, tobacco and environmental pollutants were more likely to have government mandated regulation. Many evaluations lacked critical information on regulatory design. Monitoring and enforcement of regulations was inconsistently reported, making it difficult to draw linkages to outcomes and reported effectiveness.
CONCLUSIONS: Food and alcohol regulation has tended to be less successful in part due to the strong reliance on self- and quasi-regulation. More work should be done in understanding how government regulation can be extended to these areas. Public health law evaluations are important for supporting government decision-making but must provide more detail of the design and implementation features of the instruments being evaluated - critical information for policy-makers.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liposome containing a photosensitizer and a chemotherapeutic agent, rapidly releasing a medicament by photoexcitation, and having an effect of photodynamic therapy combined with that of chemotherapy.  <P>SOLUTION: The photosensitive liposome having the photosensitizer included in a lipid bilayer is designed by using a highly safe phospholipid having a saturated fatty acid chain and cholesterol. The photosensitizer chemically reacts with the phospholipid by the photoexcitation, and accelerates the release of the medicament from the liposome. The liposome can simultaneously include two kinds of materials because of having the lipid bilayer, and includes a hydrophilic medicament in a hydrophilic layer and simultaneously the photosensitizer in a hydrophobic layer. The excitation of the photosensitizer included in the hydrophobic layer with a light source having a proper wavelength exercises an effect on the stability of the liposome to release the medicament. The combined effects of the photodynamic therapy and the chemotherapy are achieved by singlet oxygen and a free radical released from the liposome and attacking the cancer cells.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT