anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Nicotine is the most common drug of abuse in the United States, and has addiction strength comparable to cocaine, heroin, and alcohol. It is the primary addictive component of tobacco, and its use markedly increases risk for cancer, heart disease, asthma, miscarriage, and infant mortality. Addiction is thought to be caused primarily by the intersection of two components: 1) the impact of drug pharmacokinetics on the dynamics of dopamine response, and 2) dysregulation of the brain's reward circuit. While the term 'dysregulated' tends to be used qualitatively within the neuroscience literature, regulation has a precise and testable meaning in control systems engineering, which has yet to be addressed in a quantitative manner by current neuroimaging methods or models of addiction. Current approaches to neuroimaging have primarily focused on identifying nodes and causal connections within the meso-circuit of interest, but have yet to take the next step in treating these nodes and connection as a self-interacting dynamical system evolving over time. Such an approach is critical for improving the understanding, and therefore prediction, of trajectories for addiction as well as recovery. These trajectories are likely to be nonlinear (e.g., involving thresholds, saturation, and self-reinforcement), as well as highly specific to each individual. This study is designed to provide the first step towards addressing this gap: integrating ultra-high-field (7T) and ultra-fast (\<1s) fMRI with computational modeling, to provide a bridge between the dynamics of meso-circuit regulation and the dynamics of human addictive behavior. The investigators propose to test the hypothesis that control systems regulation, measured by dynamic analyses of fMRI data, can predict-on an individual basis-exactly when an addicted smoker will want to take his next puff. This will be achieved by first validating a MR-compatible nicotine delivery system, by comparing its neurobiological and autonomic effects against those of a cigarette and e-cigarette. Once this is achieved, the investigators will then acquire fMRI data from addicted smokers while they 'smoke.' Using individual subjects' neuroimaging data, the investigators will derive coupled differential equations for a control system that predicts craving and behavioral response for that individual. Using independent data sets to estimate the parameters and to test them, the investigators will assess the model's accuracy in predicting each individual subject's cravings, as measured behaviorally by the frequency at which each smoker self-administers nicotine. If successful, this approach could then be exploited to develop individualized prevention and treatment of addiction by identifying individual-specific amplitude, duration, and frequency of dosing in nicotine replacement therapy that is least likely to trigger cravings. More generally, the methods proposed have the potential to rigorously examine system-wide dysregulation in addiction for the first time, opening the door to exploration of other dysregulatory brain-based diseases in humans.
This is a single arm study, since all subjects included will be exposed to both diagnostic methods (artificial intelligence and experts). The proposed diagnostic method is a machine learning algorithm integrated in the mechanical ventilator FlexiMag Max 700 (Magnamed, Brazil), which will continuously record data from mechanical ventilation of included subjects for a time period of up to 72 hours. The gold-standard involves esophageal pressure waveform recording and offline analysis by experts.
According to the only study of patients and a recent study of individual case reports, Freeman-Burian syndrome (FBS) may be over-diagnosed by 33-66%, and it is most often confused with Sheldon-Hall syndrome and distal arthrogryposis (DA) types 3 and 1. Unfortunately, while these conditions are different from FBS, many think of them as being less severe versions of FBS. This is not true. FBS is a skull and face syndrome, while Sheldon-Hall syndrome and DA types 1 and 3 are syndromes of the arms, legs, hands, and feet that (except DA type 1) may have mild face deformities. It is important to understand this difference, FBS does not respond well to treatment. The other syndromes generally do respond well to treatment. To improve diagnosis and treatment, it is important to understand factors contributing to an accurate diagnosis and treatment outcome. To provide better evidence for these being very different syndromes, it also is important to compare the above areas of health between people with all of these syndromes. It is hoped the study will help improve treatment and identify areas for further research.
The single ascending dose trial set up 7 dose groups of 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 mg. The 2.5 mg dose group was the exploratory part with open label, while the other dose groups were double-blind. 8 subjects were randomly enrolled in each dose group, 6 of whom received FCN-207 tablets and 2 of whom received placebo. This part of the study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of single dose FCN-207 tablets in healthy volunteers.
Participants will receive a 6-month lifestyle weight management program based on the publicly available Prevent T2 curriculum (formally known as the National Diabetes Prevention Program), integrated with the Move group-based classes. Group classes will be delivered weekly in weeks 1-12, and biweekly in weeks 13-26. Group-based classes will be taught virtually by a trained Registered Dietitian from the Colorado Nutrition Obesity Research Center Clinical Intervention and Translation (CIT) Core. Participants will also receive Move individualized support sessions. The 1:1 support sessions are designed to help participants adopt the physical activity messages from each Move group-based class into their daily lives.
We will use \~0.8-0.9 g/kg/day of Clinoleic® (80% olive oil/20 soybean oil) + 0.2-0.1 g/kg/day \[Omegaven® \](100% fish oil), to cover the proposed amount of n-3 PUFAs for 7 days. The infusion rate should not exceed 0.5 ml Omegaven® / kg body weight / hour = 0.05 g fish oil / kg body weight / hour. The intervention group will return to PN without n-3 PUFA after 7 days.
We will retrospectively identify Crohn's disease patients who underwent serial CTE imaging between 2004 and 2008. Approximately 4500 CTEs were performed over this period. We estimate a sample size of 50 Crohn's disease patients who have had CTE performed before and after infliximab therapy was initiated. We will analyze each CTE for the presence of penetrating disease, number of inflammatory lesion, length of each lesion, and severity of each lesion (degree of enhancement, wall thickness, stratification, vascular engorgement, fatty proliferation, and symmetry). Degree of enhancement and thickness will be graded on a 5-point scale. Stratification, vascular engorgement, fatty proliferation, and symmetry will be treated as dichotomous variables (yes/no). Only small bowel lesions will be described. A GI radiologist (JGF), blinded to the clinical information and previous imaging results, will provide the readings. Comparisons between CTEs will be performed to determine responders (all lesions improved), mixed responders (not all lesions improved), and refractory (no lesion improved). A descriptive pattern of healing will also be recorded for each lesion. Clinical data to be recorded include indication for CTE, time between CTE, dates of each CTE, date on first infliximab infusion, dose of infliximab, interval between infusions, history of penetrating disease, history of surgery, clinical status at imaging (remission, flare, or uncertain), medication usage, age, and disease duration. Clinical status at time of imaging will be based on the ordering clinician's global assessment at the time of repeat CTE. This will be determined by a review of the medical record by a gastroenterologist (DHB).
Nail disorders in newborns can show independently or as components of systemic illnesses or genodermatoses. The examination of these abnormalities is complex and sometimes challenging. However, familiarity with these disorders can significantly contribute to uncovering potential underlying conditions. This review includes the physiological nail changes seen within the first few months of life, such as Beau's lines, onychoschizia, koilonychia, congenital nail fold hypertrophy of the first digit, and onychocryptosis. This review also focuses on the most relevant congenital disorders reported and how to perform differential diagnosis. Finally, this review highlights those hereditary diseases in which nail involvement is crucial for diagnosis, such as nail-patella syndrome, congenital pachyonychia, or congenital dyskeratosis, among others.
A method and system for use in treating a patient receiving any drug to optimize therapy and to prevent an adverse drug response. This system employs surrogate markers or indicators, including blood levels of drug, to determine the next required dose for a patient. Because the surrogate markers are employed as a percent change in status, virtually any indicator can be used. Surrogate markers could include any measure of the effectiveness of a drug's action. Given the effectiveness of the drug's action, relative to the surrogate markers, a change in drug dose is calculated by the system. Conversely, by employing this system, one could determine the expected result of a drug dose change based on the surrogate markers.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by multi-organ involvement and autoantibody production. Patients with SLE face a substantial risk of developing lupus nephritis (LN), which imposes a substantial burden on both patients and their families. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a widely distributed serine/threonine phosphatase that participates in regulating multiple signaling pathways. Inhibition of PP2A has been implicated in the treatment of various diseases. LB-100, a small molecule inhibitor of PP2A, has demonstrated anti-tumor therapeutic effects and high safety profile in preclinical experiments. However, the role of PP2A and its inhibitor has been insufficiently studied in LN. In this study, we assessed the potential effects of LB-100 in both MRL/lpr mice and R848-induced BALB/c mice. Our findings indicated that LB-100 administration led to reduced spleen enlargement, decreased deposition of immune complexes, ameliorated renal damage, and improved kidney function in both spontaneous and R848-induced lupus mouse models. Importantly, we observed the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) in the kidneys of two distinct lupus mouse models. The levels of signature genes of TLS were elevated in the kidneys of lupus mice, whereas LB-100 mitigated chemokine production and inhibited TLS formation. In addition, we confirmed that inhibition or knockdown of PP2A reduced the production of T cell-related chemokines by renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC). In summary, our study highlighted the renal protective potential of the PP2A inhibitor LB-100 in two distinct lupus mouse models, suggesting its potential as a novel strategy for treating LN and other autoimmune diseases.
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to study the potential therapeutic effects of quercetin in protection against repeated intranasal exposure of an amyloid-beta-induced mouse model. Methods: Mice received intranasal Aβ1-42 (5 μg/10 μL) exposure once daily for seven consecutive days. Quercetin was orally administered to them at 30 mg kg-1 and 100 mg kg-1 doses for one week starting from day five following Aβ1-42 peptide administration. Following this, the animals were evaluated for neurobehavioral parameters using a Morris water maze test and a novel object recognition test. Further to this, the biomarkers for neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration were evaluated in the hippocampus and cortex regions of the brain in these animals. Results: Multiple exposures to intranasal Aβ led to a significant decline in the learning and cognitive memory of the animals, whereas oral treatment with quercetin at dosages of 30 and 100 mg kg-1 alleviated Aβ-induced effects. Quercetin treatment significantly reduced Aβ accumulation, oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine biomarkers in the brain. In addition, it also alleviated the activation of astrocytic biomarkers, amyloid precursor protein and phosphorylated-tau proteins in the brain. Conclusion: Quercetin was found to be a potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory compound with protection against neurodegenerative damage and improved learning and cognitive memory in a repeated Aβ-exposure model of AD.
Disclosed is a prophylactic and/or therapeutic drug for aneurysms which comprises a PPAR? inhibitor as the active ingredient. It was discovered that a circulatory failure within the vascular wall cause the fibroblasts constituting abdominal aortic aneurysmal adventitia to express PPAR? and differentiate into adipocyte-like cells, which induces the abnormal accumulation of triglycerides in the vascular wall and weakens the vascular wall. The PPAR? inhibitor comprehensively corrects these factors to prevent the onset, progression and rupture of aneurysms. Thus, the life prognosis of patients with aneurysms can be improved.
The safety and pharmacokinetics of temsirolimus injection were evaluated in a dose escalation phase 1 study in 110 patients with normal or varying degrees of hepatic impairment. Patients with baseline bilirubin >1.5xULN experienced greater toxicity than patients with baseline bilirubin ≤1.5xULN when treated with temsirolimus injection. The overall frequency of ≥ grade 3 adverse reactions and deaths, including deaths due to progressive disease, were greater in patients with baseline bilirubin >1.5xULN due to increased risk of death [see Contraindications (4)]. 

Use caution when treating patients with mild hepatic impairment. Concentrations of temsirolimus and its metabolite sirolimus were increased in patients with elevated AST or bilirubin levels. If temsirolimus injection must be given in patients with mild hepatic impairment (bilirubin >1 – 1.5xULN or AST >ULN but bilirubin ≤ULN), reduce the dose of temsirolimus injection to 15 mg/week [see Dosage and Administration (2.4)].
PURPOSE:To obtain a plaster for autohesive poultice, by reacting an aqueous solution of gelatin with an N-hydroxyimide ester compound, using the obtained addition product as a base, and compounding a hydrophilic tackifier to the base. CONSTITUTION:An aqueous solution of gelatin added with a gel retarder (e.g. Cl, Br, etc.) is made to react with the compound of formula I (X is 2-6C compound having 2-6 OH groups; A is oxyethylene or propylene; Y is bivalent acid residue; Z is group of formula II, etc.; m is 1-3,000; n is 2-6) to effect the partial crosslinking of gelatin. The obtained reaction product is used as a base and compounded with a hydrophilic tackifier (e.g. glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, etc.) to obtain the objective plaster for autohesive poultice. The lowering of the stickiness of the plaster caused by the evaporation of water in use can be prevented by substituting a part of the hydrophilic tackifier with water.
INTRODUCTION: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) are one of the main causes of mortality in France. Patients presenting with ACS are typically hospitalized in a specialized cardiology ward. The main objective of this study was to describe, characterize and evaluate the outcome of patients hospitalized for ACS in a generalist intensive care unit (rather than a cardiac care unit).
METHODS: This was a retrospective study. Our population consisted of ACS patients admitted to an intensive care unit in a hospital center (Centre Hospitalier de Troyes) between 2012 and 2021. All patients admitted for ACS to the intensive care unit and who underwent coronary angiography were included.
RESULTS: In 10 years, 104 patients, or 3.8% of ACS patients who underwent coronary angiography were admitted to intensive care. The majority were admitted after recovered cardiac arrest (72%) and were in cardiogenic shock (68%), accounting for a high in-hospital mortality (45.2%). In-hospital mortality was 45.2%. In multivariate analysis, the GRACE score was associated with in-hospital mortality (OR for each additional point = 1.024, 95% confidence interval 1.006-1.045, p = 0.01). Among the survivors, 88% had good neurological function when leaving the hospital.
DISCUSSION: Mortality of ACS patients in intensive care was close to 50%. However, the neurological prognosis of the surviving patients was good. This population is rarely mentioned in the literature, and deserves to be evaluated by multicenter, prospective registries, with a view to improving management and prognosis.
Intervention group families will receive usual care and developmental screening results will be shared with each child's primary care provider. In addition, they will be connected via telephone to 2-1-1 prior to their scheduled well-child visit for the telephone-based early childhood development care coordination intervention.
Oxygen will be administered through nasal cannulae. Patients will be provided with a tank of liquid oxygen and a rechargeable portable device. The 6 minuts walking test will be used to adjusted oxygen flow in the GFA group (to achieve a mean SpO2 ≥ 90%). In the control group (GC), a 3L/min oxygen flow will be administer. Oxygen is used when the patient perform physical activity. The treatment period for each patient is 6 months (3 months in the GC grup, 3 months in the GFA one).
Methods and compositions are provided for the treatment of inflammation and disorders, diseases, and adverse conditions, i.e., pathologies, caused by or other-wise associated with inflammatory processes. A metal ion sequestering agent that directly or indirectly exerts an anti-inflammatory effect is administered to a subject in combi-nation with a sequestration inactivating moiety that facili-tates transport of the metal ion sequestering agent through biological membranes. The sequestration inactivating moi-ety also inactivates the metal ion sequestering agent until association between the two components is cleaved in vivo to release the active sequestering agent. Compositions con-taining a metal ion sequestering agent and a sequestration inactivating moiety are also provided; the compositions op-tionally contain an added anti-inflammatory agent. CA 02732764 2011-02-01 WO 2009/114650 Al 1111111111111111111111111011111111111111111111111101111111111111011111111111#11 11 MC, MK, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, SE, SI, SK, TR), before the expiration of the time limit for amending the OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, ML, claims and to be republished in the event of receipt of MR, NE, SN, TD, TG). amendments (Rule 48.2(h)) Published: ¨ with international search report (Art. 21(3))
Overweight (BMI ≥25 and \<30kg/M2) and obesity (BMI ≥30kg/M2) are major health problems, world-wide. The overweight/obesity epidemic was first noted in the US and then spread to other industrialized nations, and is now seen even in developing countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that the worldwide prevalence of obesity has nearly doubled between 1980 and 2008, and in a separate analysis, the NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD RisC) and the WHO estimated that the worldwide prevalence of diabetes has nearly quadrupled between 1980 and 2014, from 108 million to 422 million, respectively.

The intra-gastric balloon is an intervention designed to reduce stomach volume, but there are conflicting data on sustained weight loss and no clear data indicating a decrease in mortality. Side effects include balloon movement, nausea, vomiting, pain, and stomach ulceration. The results from bariatric surgery suggest that limiting the functional volume of the stomach is an effective modality for the treatment of obesity. However, because of the invasive nature of the procedure, associated risk of peri-operative complications and the relatively high cost, bariatric surgery is usually reserved for the severely obese subjects. A need exists for a product that is easy to use, safe, convenient, more accessible, and effective at inducing and sustaining weight loss. Interventions which act mechanically by occupying stomach volume, increasing the elasticity and viscosity of the upper gastrointestinal content, and extending gastric emptying time, could potentially be very beneficial.A medical device which induces satiety and decreases hunger could result in decreased caloric intake and weight loss. The advantage of such a medical device is that it would not require drastic restriction of food choices and would circumvent the challenge of unacceptable hunger levels which have derailed so many dietary interventions in the past.

Gelesis200, when hydrated, is homogeneously mixed with the ingested food,increasing the volume and elasticity of the stomach and small intestine contents. This in turn may induce satiety,which reduces food intake. Previous studies with a similar hydrogel (Gelesis100) have shown increased satiety,reduced body weight(especially in prediabetics), and improved glycemic control. It is expected that Gelesis200 will have similar effects to Gelesis100. Furthermore, the physical properties of Gelesis200 (viscosity), which are similar to some dietary fibers, suggest that Gelesis200 will have a favorable impact on glycemic control.
Hepatic Insufficiency: The disposition of a 50 mg cinacalcet single dose was compared in patients with hepatic impairment and subjects with normal hepatic function. Cinacalcet exposure, AUC(0-inf), was comparable between healthy volunteers and patients with mild hepatic impairment. However, in patients with moderate and severe hepatic impairment (as indicated by the Child-Pugh method), cinacalcet exposures as defined by the AUC(0-inf) were 2.4 and 4.2 times higher, respectively, than that in normals. The mean half-life of cinacalcet is prolonged by 33% and 70% in patients with moderate and severe hepatic impairment, respectively. Protein binding of cinacalcet is not affected by impaired hepatic function. See PRECAUTIONS and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.

Renal Insufficiency: The pharmacokinetic profile of a 75 mg Sensipar® single dose in patients with mild, moderate, and severe renal insufficiency, and those on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is comparable to that in healthy volunteers.

Geriatric Patients: The pharmacokinetic profile of Sensipar® in geriatric patients (age ≥ 65, n = 12) is similar to that for patients who are < 65 years of age (n = 268).

Pediatric Patients: The pharmacokinetics of Sensipar® have not been studied in patients < 18 years of age.
The control group consisted of students enrolled in the Care of a Child with Special Needs course in the 2021-2022 fall semester and enrolled in one of the branches. Students were informed about the research in the first week of the 2021-2022 fall semester, their written consent was obtained, and they were allowed to fill out the introductory information form and the Self-Efficacy Perception Scale (pre-test) in the second week. Routine course content was followed with these students throughout the course period. No intervention was made to the students. The course process was not disrupted during the research. Midterm and final exams were held on the dates determined by the faculty in order to evaluate the success of the course. The grade point averages of the students were evaluated by taking the exam table from the student information system. In the last week of the 2021-2022 fall semester, students were allowed to fill out the Self-Efficacy Perception Scale (posttest) again.