anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The aim of this study is to investigate the causal role of functional interactions between frontal-theta dependent selection processes and posterior-alpha dependent suppression processes in the context of cognitive control by targeting theta and alpha oscillations in frontal and parietal cortex separately in phase one of the experiment. Theta and alpha oscillations are hypothesized to play complementary roles such that theta oscillations are excitatory (related to active processing) whereas alpha oscillations are inhibitory (related to suppression of processing).

Thus, the investigators hypothesize that rhythmic brain stimulation can be used to drive activity in opposite directions. In the second phase of the experiment the investigators target functional connectivity between these regions. In particular, theta oscillations are hypothesized to play a critical role in orchestrating the prioritization and suppression of information across the cerebral cortex. Thus, the investigators hypothesize that in-phase theta frequency connectivity will be causally related to working memory success, but alpha frequency connectivity will be inconsequential and anti-phase theta connectivity will be detrimental. Together these findings suggest an overall model by which the amplitude of theta oscillations in prefrontal and the amplitude of alpha oscillations in parietal play a causal role in prioritization and suppression respectively, but functional connectivity between frontal and parietal cortex within the theta frequency band alone is critical to these cognitive processes. This experiment is of critical importance to the design of future interventions that use brain stimulation for the treatment of psychiatric and neurological disorders. For example, the use of frequency specific brain stimulation is key to controlling the impact of brain stimulation on neural activity. Design considerations like this one might be fundamental to improving the efficacy of future interventions such as the use of deep brain stimulation for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and for the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of major depressive disorder.
Resistant hypertension subjects will have systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥140 mmHg despite ≥3 anti-hypertensive medications of different classes. These subjects will provide a one time stool sample and a blood sample.
NEW MATERIAL:The compound of formula (X is H or OR4; R1-R4 are H, alkyl, or cycloalkyl) and its salt. EXAMPLE:5-Hydroxy-1-methylhydantoin. USE:Hypoglycemic agent and diuretic. PREPARATION:The compound of formula can be prepared e.g. by (1) reacting glyoxylic acid with an alcohol or methylcellosolve, etc. in a solvent such as benzene, CCl4, etc. in the presence of an organic acid catalyst such as ptoluenesulfonic acid while removing the produced water from the reaction system, and (2) reacting the produced ester with N-alkylurea, N-cycloalkylurea, etc. in a solvent such as water, alcohol, acetic acid, etc., at room temperature orunder refluxing, without separating the ester from the reation mixture or after purifying the ester.
Preparing extracted collagen comprises (a) treating collagenous tissue with an alkaline hydroxide soln., (b) neutralising the mass to obtain a pH of 5.5-9 and dividing the residue; (c) extracting the collagen from the residue in an acid environment, (d) centrifuging the mixt. and precipitating the collagen, (e) subjecting the collagenous mass obtd. to, (i) one or more washings with an alcohol, ketone or ether and drying to obtain an anhydrous collagen, or (ii) after washin with water, treating an aq. suspension with CO2 to obtain collagen as an aq. gel. Also claimed are: an extracted collagen form characterised by e.g. giving a negative toluidine blue reaction, or resistant to the proteolytic action of pancreatin for more than 24 hrs., an aq. based collagen gel comprising a collagen aq. suspension treated with CO2, and an aq. based collagen gel satd. with CO2.
PURPOSE:To determine quantitatively respective hormones with high accuracy by fixing an alpha-sub-unit specific monoclonal antibody of any one hormone having high reactivity with specific 4 kinds of hormones such as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSU) to a solid phase or using the same as a labeling body. CONSTITUTION:Any hormone among TSH, FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone), LH (luteinizing hormone) and HCG (chorionic gonadotropin) resembles in the antigenicity of the alpha-sub-unit and therefore any one alpha-sub-unit specific monoclohal antibody is deposited to the solid phase or the antibody labeled by enzyme, isotope, etc. is used to form an antigen-antibody conjugate, by which the quantitative determination of 4 kinds of the hormones in a vital fluid is made possible with high accuracy. The activity, etc. of the labeling formed by incubating for example, said antibody deposited solid phase beads and the body fluid, as well as the labeling body of the respective beta-sub-unit specific monoclonal antibodies of the respective hormones, then conjugating the same to the solid phase are measured, by which the concn. of thereof in the body fluid is measured with good sensitivity.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject granules high in hardness, low in brittle crushability, having effect to inhibit developing dental caries, and optimum for tableting, by formulating xylitol and a specified amount of a specific binder. SOLUTION: This granules are obtained by formulating xylitol and about 0.1 about 5 wt.% of a physiologically acceptable noncariogenic binder selected from polymerized reducing sugar, alkaline carboxymethylcellulose and hydrogenated starch hydrolyzate; wherein the polymerized reducing sugar is pref. polydextrose, while the alkaline carboxymethylcellulose is pref. sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The above system may also be formulated with an enriched sweetener (e.g. dipeptide sweetener). Besides, it is preferable that a physiologically acceptable polyol consisting of a sweetener suitable for diabetes such as mannitol or a combination thereof is granulated using polydextrose as binder.
BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is commonly associated with anxiety/depression which can affect self-management and quality of life. The TANDEM trial evaluated a cognitive behavioural approach intervention targeting COPD-related symptoms of anxiety and/or depression, comprising up to eight one-to-one sessions delivered by respiratory healthcare professionals prior to pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). The intervention showed no improvement in anxiety/depression or uptake/completion of PR. We present patient perspectives of the intervention to help understand these results.
METHOD: Semi-structured individual interviews, using a semi-structured topic guide informed by Sekhon's Theoretical Framework of Acceptability, were conducted with 19 patients between September 2019 and April 2020. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.
RESULTS: The following could have limited the impact of the intervention: (1) The lives of patients were complex and commonly affected by competing comorbidities or other external stressors which they managed through previously adopted long-standing coping strategies. (2) Some patients were reluctant to talk about their mood despite the Facilitators' training and person centred-skills which aimed to enable patients to talk freely about mood. (3) The intervention handouts and 'home-practice' were perceived as helpful for some, but not suitable for all. (4) Many patients perceived improvements in their physical and mental health, but this was not sustained due to a mix of personal and external factors, and some did not perceive any benefits. (5) PR non-attendance/non-completion was a result of personal and PR service-related reasons. (6) Discussing COPD and mental health with the Facilitator was a novel experience. Many patients felt that TANDEM could be of benefit if it was offered earlier on/at different time points in the COPD illness journey.
CONCLUSION: We found the delivery of TANDEM prior to PR was not helpful for patients with advanced COPD often experiencing other comorbidities, and/or difficult personal/external events. These patients already utilised long-standing coping strategies to manage their COPD. Holistic interventions, that address the impact of COPD in relation to wider aspects of a patients' life, may be more beneficial.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN Registry 59,537,391. Registration date 20 March 2017.
The acute lethal doses of the hydrochloride and napsylate salts of propoxyphene were determined in 4 species. The results shown in Figure 2 indicate that, on a molar basis, the napsylate salt is less toxic than the hydrochloride. This may be due to the relative insolubility and retarded absorption of propoxyphene napsylate.

Figure 2

Some indication of the relative insolubility and retarded absorption of propoxyphene napsylate was obtained by measuring plasma propoxyphene levels in 2 groups of 4 dogs following oral administration of equimolar doses of the 2 salts. As shown in Figure 3, the peak plasma concentration observed with propoxyphene hydrochloride was much higher than that obtained after administration of the napsylate salt.

Although none of the animals in this experiment died, 3 of the 4 dogs given propoxyphene hydrochloride exhibited convulsive seizures during the time interval corresponding to the peak plasma levels. The 4 animals receiving the napsylate salt were mildly ataxic but not acutely ill.

Figure 3. Plasma propoxyphene concentrations in dogs following large doses of the hydrochloride and napsylate salts.
BACKGROUND: In the lower extremity, studies have suggested an optimal nail diameter to medullary canal diameter (ND/MCD) ratio to minimize postoperative complications. The goal of this study was to determine whether a correlation exists between the occurrence of complications, angulation, and range of motion and the ratio of the ND/MCD in the upper extremity.
METHODS: A total of 85 radius and ulna fractures treated with flexible intramedullary nails had ND/MCD ratios measured. Random-effects models were developed to determine the association between complications and ND/MCD ratio, angulation and ND/MCD ratio, and range of motion and ND/MCD ratio. The results were reported for unadjusted models and adjusted models.
RESULTS: Of the 85 forearm fractures treated with intramedullary nailing, there were 3 complications. The average follow-up was 6 months. The ND/MCD ratios were categorized as <0.50, 0.50 to 0.59, and ≥0.60. There was not a significant association between the different ratios and angulation, or risk of complication. There was an association between the ND/MCD ratio ≥0.60 and decreased pronation of -1.58° (-2.77° to -0.38°) and supination of -2.68° (-4.91° to -0.46°) (P < .05).
CONCLUSION: This study found that there was not an association between the nail to canal diameter ratio and postoperative angulation in forearm fractures treated with flexible intramedullary nails. When choosing a flexible nail for forearm fractures, there does not appear to be an optimal ratio; it is therefore reasonable to use the ND that passes more easily.
Participants will receive two tablets of the test marketed reference formulation containing Levonorgestrel 15.0 mg and Ethinyl estradiol 0.03 mg. The tablets will be taken with water.
FIELD: molecular biology, genetic engineering, medicine. SUBSTANCE: recombinant plasmid pHBmd1 that is inherited in E. coli cells and carrying the modified gene of median surface protein of human hepatitis B virus (M-protein HBV) and containing deletion in specific site of region preS2 that determines sensitivity of M-protein HBV to trypsin-like proteases is obtained on the basis of the cloned gene encoding M-protein HBV. On the basis of plasmid pHBmd1 recombinant plasmid YEp63/AB is constructed. This plasmid provides synthesis of M-protein HBV derivative in the transformed cells of yeast S. cerevisiae, strain 20B12. The presence of intact promoter of yeast gene encoding glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in plasmid YEp63/AB located before initiating codon AUG ensures to get high expression level without induction. Synthesized protein assembles particle normally as the natural 22 nm particle HBsAg. Synthesis level of M-protein derivative is 0.5-1% of total protein level in cell. New strain-producer can be used for industrial production of M-protein HBV derivative and used for diagnostic and immunoprophylaxis aims, for development of antihepatitis vaccines of new generation showing the enhanced protective properties. EFFECT: increased proteolytic stability of M-protein HBV derivative, new strain indicated above.
In this group, sham device will be placed around the neck overlying the laryngeal cartilage. No external pressure will be applied during exercise. These patients will be asked to follow the exercise regimen: to perform repetitive tongue protrusion for 5 times without any pressure. This will be repeated 3 times a day for 6 weeks.
Pegfilgrastim-pbbk is a covalent conjugate of recombinant methionyl human G-CSF and monomethoxypolyethylene glycol. Recombinant methionyl human G-CSF is a water-soluble 175 amino acid protein with a molecular weight of approximately 19 kilodaltons (kD). Recombinant methionyl human G-CSF is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of E coli transformed with a genetically engineered plasmid containing the human G-CSF gene. To produce pegfilgrastim-pbbk, a 20 kD monomethoxypolyethylene glycol molecule is covalently bound to the N-terminal methionyl residue of recombinant methionyl human G-CSF. The average molecular weight of pegfilgrastim-pbbk is approximately 39 kD. Kanamycin is used during the manufacturing process but is undetectable in the final product.

FYLNETRA (pegfilgrastim-pbbk) injection is supplied in 0.6 mL prefilled syringes for manual subcutaneous injection. The prefilled syringe does not bear graduation marks and is designed to deliver the entire contents of the syringe (6 mg/0.6 mL).

The delivered 0.6 mL dose from the prefilled syringe contains 6 mg pegfilgrastim-pbbk (based on protein weight) in a sterile, clear, colorless to slightly yellow, preservative-free solution (pH 4.0) containing acetic acid (0.36 mg), polysorbate 20 (0.02 mg), sodium hydroxide (0.03 mg), and sorbitol (30 mg) in Water for Injection, USP.
Participants in phase II will receive sertraline, or an equivalent medication, up to 100 mg plus a placebo pill. Participants in phase III will receive the same medication with cognitive behavioral therapy.
Successful preemptive analgesia strategies are superior to traditional pain management schemes in the management of post-operative pain. However, agents with appropriate pharmacokinetic properties are not readily available. The premise of this double-blind, placebo and positive-controlled clinical study is to evaluate the efficacy of vanilloid agonists as preemptive agents in an oral surgery tissue injury model. Vanilloids are a class of small organic compounds; the most familiar of which is capsaicin, the active ingredient in hot pepper. Binding of capsaicin to the vanilloid-1 receptor produces initial activation and then long-acting desensitization of pain specific neurons. We propose to produce a selective, long-term inactivation of peripheral pain transmission through the local application of capsaicin in the oral mucosa in an effort to prevent or reduce post-operative pain in the oral surgery model. Healthy subjects will be recruited, and following local anesthesia, will be given an intramucosal injection of either capsaicin or placebo. (Or as a positive control, 24 hours later, intravenous Toradol). Subjects will have one lower impacted wisdom tooth extracted under local anesthesia and then will rate their pain. The time of analgesic rescue medication request will be noted. A decrease in post-operative pain and decrease in analgesic use will be taken as a positive effect of the vanilloid for decreasing post-operative pain. We anticipate that through the long term blockade of pain specific fibers pre-operatively that there will be a significant attenuation of post-operative pain development following surgery. This has significant implications for reducing pain and suffering, decreasing analgesic use, and reducing post-operative complications following surgery.
STRATAGRAFT is a viable, bioengineered, allogeneic, cellularized scaffold product that contains a fully-stratified epithelial layer comprised of differentiated, multilayered, epidermal keratinocytes from a single human donor. The keratinocytes are grown on a purified murine Type I collagen matrix embedded with fibroblasts from a second human donor. 

STRATAGRAFT is produced from well-characterized human keratinocyte and fibroblast cell banks that contain no detectable pathogens. The cells are metabolically active allogeneic NIKS keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts.

STRATAGRAFT is a xenotransplantation product because the keratinocyte component was originally derived in the presence of a mouse cell line. However, mouse cells are no longer used to manufacture STRATAGRAFT. No mouse cells or mouse-derived infectious agents are detectable in STRATAGRAFT.

STRATAGRAFT product manufacture includes reagents derived from animal materials, including murine collagen, calf serum, porcine trypsin and purified bovine serum albumin.

STRATAGRAFT construct is loosely adherent to a supportive polycarbonate membrane insert and treated in glycerin-containing media. Each cryopreserved STRATAGRAFT construct is supplied with Hold Solution and Hold Dish, which are used for preparing STRATAGRAFT [see How Supplied/Storage and Handling (16)].

The Hold Solution is a cell-culture medium that is not supplemented with growth factors.
Each cohort group will be admitted to the Michigan Clinical Research Unit for Blood glucose Clamp studies. Each subject will have a Euglycemic clamp (normal blood sugar clamp) for 4 hours and a hyperglycemic clamp (elevated blood sugar to 300) for 4 hours. Once the subject is clamped, bloods and urine will be collected to assay for specific metabolomics and proteomic biomarkers. We will perform the same clamps for each cohort.
The present invention relates to a Pericarpium Trichosanthis lyophilized powder injection and a preparation process thereof. The Pericarpium Trichosanthis lyophilized powder injection comprises the following ingredients (by weight percent): 5 to 80 per cent Pericarpium Trichosanthis extract and 20 to 95 per cent of lyophilized excipient. The processing steps of the preparation process comprise the preparation of the Pericarpium Trichosanthis extract; after the lyophilized excipient is added in, Pericarpium Trichosanthis extract is stirred and uniformly mixed; after stirred with water for injection, the Pericarpium Trichosanthis and the lyophilized excipient are dissolved; pH of medicine liquid is regulated to 3.0-7.5 with medication alkali; heat sources are removed; water for injection is replenished to predetermined volume, aseptic filtration is carried out, and the obtained substances are in split charging to be lyophilized. The present invention has the advantage that the problems that the Pericarpium Trichosanthis water injection has poor clarity, not good stability of quality, easy sedimentation for long-term storage, etc. are solved. Besides, the lyophilized preparation has the advantages of stable quality, good formability, instant solubility, good clarity, convenient storage and transportation and low moisture content of medicine because more than 95 to 99 per cent of moisture content is removed through freeze drying. Therefore, the present invention is easy to store and is convenient to transport.
The phone-call-only (control) group provides self-reported information about health and environmental exposures. They receive follow-up phone calls every 6 weeks to maintain contact only. After exit, the phone-call-only (control) group receives assessment for allergies (optional) and the exposure-reduction intervention.
An 82-year-old woman, who underwent a mastectomy for right breast cancer 35 years ago, presented to our hospital with a chief complaint of general malaise and dyspnea. A chest CT scan revealed a right pleural effusion and multiple bone metastases. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a small bulge in the mid gastric fold, which was diagnosed as a metastatic breast cancer lesion, based on pathological diagnosis and immunostaining findings. The patient had triple-negative breast cancer and was started on docetaxel therapy despite her advanced age. The pleural effusion disappeared, tumor marker levels normalized, and treatment was continued. Here, we report a case of late recurrence of breast cancer with gastric metastasis 35 years postoperatively.
The invention discloses a composition for treating dysmenorrhea. The composition comprises the following components, by weight, 25-35% of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, 25-35% of Capsicum annuum Linn, and 30-50% of vinegar. The invention also discloses a preparation method and an application of the composition. The components of the composition, which are simple and are daily cooking filler articles, are easy to obtain and cost low. The composition of the invention, which adopts seasonings which are eaten by people for thousands of years as the components, has no toxic side effects and allows the life safety of patients to be guaranteed; and the composition which is externally used allows the use safety to be further guaranteed, and no interaction of the composition with other medicines to occur. The composition of the invention has the advantages of simple preparation method and easily obtained material; the preparation which can be carried out by common patients at home is very convenient; and the composition which works fast allows symptoms to be obviously alleviated when the composition is used for 10min, and no recurrence to be realized after curing.
BACKGROUND: Minimal change disease (MCD) is a common pathological type of nephrotic syndrome. Relapses of MCD present a significant challenge for patients. This study aims to develop a predictive model for evaluating the probability of relapse in patients with MCD.
METHODS: This study enrolled 152 patients with biopsy-confirmed MCD, all of whom received exclusive glucocorticoid treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, China, between October 2012 and April 2021. The Cox regression analysis was utilized to identify the risk factors associated with the relapse in MCD, and a nomogram was constructed to predict the probability of relapse.
RESULTS: The results demonstrated that serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels > 936 IU/mL, age ≤ 30 years old, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 90 mL/(min × 1.73 m2), serum total cholesterol (TCh) levels > 12.3 mmol/L, and time to remission were independent risk factors associated with relapses in patients with MCD. A nomogram was established and achieved a concordance index of 0.726 (95% CI = 0.659-0.793). The receiver operating characteristic curves demonstrated areas under the curve of 0.771, 0.853, and 0.811 for the prediction of relapse at 1-, 2-, and 3-year intervals after achieving remission in MCD patients respectively. These findings along with the calibration curves indicated the good discrimination and calibration performance of the nomogram in this cohort.
UNLABELLED: The established nomogram provides a valuable tool for the identification of patients with MCD who are at risk of relapse, which may facilitate prompt treatment for these patients.