anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dysfunction caused by excessive ER stress is a crucial mechanism underlying seizures-induced neuronal injury. Studies have shown that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) are closely related to ER stress, and our previous study showed that activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5)-regulated mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR) modulated mitochondrial ROS generation in a hippocampal neuronal culture model of seizures. However, the effects of ATF5-regulated mtUPR on ER stress and the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain in epilepsy. In this study, ATF5 upregulation by lentivirus infection attenuated seizures-induced neuronal damage and apoptosis in a rat model of pilocarpine-induced epilepsy, whereas ATF5 downregulation by lentivirus infection had the opposite effects. ATF5 upregulation potentiated mtUPR by increasing the expression of mitochondrial chaperone heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and caseinolytic protease proteolytic subunit (ClpP) and reducing mitochondrial ROS generation in pilocarpine-induced seizures in rats. Additionally, upregulation of ATF5 reduced the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), suggesting suppression of ER stress; Moreover, ATF5 upregulation attenuated apoptosis-related proteins such as B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2) downregulation, BCL2-associated X (BAX) and cleaved-caspase-3 upregulation. However, ATF5 downregulation exerted the opposite effects. Furthermore, pretreatment with the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mito-TEMPO attenuated the harmful effects of ATF5 downregulation on ER stress and neuronal apoptosis by reducing mitochondrial ROS generation. Overall, our study suggested that ATF5-regulated mtUPR exerted neuroprotective effects against pilocarpine-induced seizures in rats and the underlying mechanisms might involve mitochondrial ROS-mediated ER stress.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to provide evidence-based support and a reference for the efficacy and safety of seven glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and polyagonists for weight loss in patients with obesity or overweight through a network meta-analysis.
METHODS: Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with an intervention duration of at least 16 weeks assessing seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists (mazdutide, 6 or 4.5 mg; retatrutide, 12 or 8 mg; tirzepatide, 15 or 10 mg; liraglutide, 3.0 mg; semaglutide, 2.4 mg; orforglipron, 45 or 36 mg; and beinaglutide, 0.2 mg) in patient with obesity or overweight was searched using three databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase) from creation to August 30, 2024. The primary outcome was the percentage change in body weight from baseline. Secondary outcomes included changes in waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, and fasting plasma glucose level from baseline; adverse events, serious adverse events, adverse event withdrawal, and hypoglycemic events. We conducted a frequentist random-effects network meta-analysis to analyze the data extracted from the RCTs using Stata 16.1 software.
RESULTS: Twenty-seven RCTs of seven GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists and 15,584 patients were included in the network meta-analysis. In terms of efficacy, compared with placebo, retatrutide 12 mg (-22.10 % in body weight and - 17.00 cm in waist circumference), retatrutide 8 mg (-20.70 % and - 15.90 cm), and tirzepatide 15 mg (-16.53 % and - 13.23 cm) were the three most efficacious treatments for reducing body weight and waist circumference. However, these treatments were less effective in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition, patients with a high body mass index (BMI) or longer treatment cycles exhibited significantly greater weight loss than those with a low BMI or shorter treatment cycles. In terms of safety, patients without T2DM had a higher incidence of adverse events than those with T2DM. None of the interventions increased the incidence of serious adverse or hypoglycemic events (˂54 mg/dL). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse event withdrawal for all interventions in head-to-head comparisons. In addition, disparities in race, BMI, and treatment cycles did not significantly increase the incidence of adverse events. Finally, the sensitivity and publication bias analyses indicated that the basic analysis results were reliable.
CONCLUSION: Retatrutide (both doses) and tirzepatide exhibited superior efficacy compared to other GLP-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists in reducing body weight and waist circumference. Patients without T2DM, those with a high BMI, and individuals undergoing longer treatment cycles demonstrated significantly greater weight loss and reductions in waist circumference. Dual or triple receptor agonists (GLP-1 plus glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and/or Glucagon receptor) are more effective for weight loss than GLP-1 receptor agonists.
Patients undergo standard SABR for 5 treatments at least 2 days apart in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo CT and/or MRI on study.
Participants randomized to the restrictive fluid resuscitation strategy will be LIMITED to 60 ml/kg (up to 6000 ml) of IV fluids as initial resuscitation followed by administration of IV vasopressors to maintain a MAP\>65 mm Hg for the first 72 hours of care. The intervention is defined as capping the total allowed IVF administered. After 72 hours the participants are eligible for IV fluids as determined by the primary care team.
A first-order association can be formed between toxin-induced nausea and a context, as well as nausea and a taste cue. However, comparatively little is understood about second-order associations. The present study examined if the bacterial endotoxin, LPS, could impair the first- and second-order conditioning of context aversion (anticipatory nausea paradigm) and subsequent conditioned taste avoidance (two-bottle task). Adult male Long Evans rats were treated with LiCl (127 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]) or vehicle control (NaCl) and then exposed to a distinct context for 4 first-order conditioning trials. LPS (200 μg/kg, i.p.) or NaCl were administered 24 h after each trial. Seventy-two h after the final first-order conditioning trial, rats underwent 2 second-order conditioning trials where they were treated with 2% saccharin (i.p.) and then exposed to the same context. Twenty-four h after the final second-order conditioning trial, rats were tested in a two-bottle task (2 trials), where they were given a choice between water and a palatable 0.2% saccharin solution. LiCl-treated rats demonstrated a context aversion by the 3rd conditioning trial in the anticipatory nausea paradigm. Rats previously exposed to LiCl also displayed a conditioned taste avoidance of saccharin within the two-bottle task. LPS attenuated first-order context aversion but did not alter either second-order context aversion or conditioned taste avoidance in the two-bottle task. This study demonstrated that a secondary association formed within an aversive context could result in a conditioned taste avoidance. Further, LPS may be able to attenuate primary conditioning, but not secondary conditioning.
Disclosed are various embodiments for equitably assigning medical images for examination. Data describing medical image studies pending examination are obtained from a medical data server. A relative complexity value is determined for each of the medical image studies based on an average amount of time to perform a particular type of image study. The medical image studies are assigned for examination by a respective user based on preferences associated with the respective user and the relative complexity value determined for each medical image study. A user interface is rendered by a client device, where the user interface includes a respective user worklist for each user. A user is prevented from viewing a particular medical image study based on a lock status associated with the particular medical image study.
NEW MATERIAL:A monoclonal antibody which has specificity to human beta- type interferon (IFN-beta) and belongs to IgG/kappa as a subclass. USE:The purification of IFN-beta by means of affinity chromatography and the determination of the same by means of immunoassay. PREPARATION:After a different kind of animal is immunized with human IFN- beta, the spleen is isolated and its cells are collected. These cells are mixed with myeloma cells and polyethylene glycol of 1,000-6,000 average molecular weight is added thereto as a cell-fusion accelerator to effect cell fusion, then these cells are cultured in a selective medium to obtain hybridoma. The resultant hybridoma is subjected to cloning by the limitation dilution method to separate the cells producing monoclonal antibody. Then, the cells are given to mice peritoneally and cultured to given the objective monoclonal antibody.
Tetracycline, a bacteriostatic antibiotic, may antagonize the bactericidal effect of penicillin, and concurrent use of these drugs should be avoided. 

Nafcillin in high dosage regimens, i.e., 2 grams every 4 hours, has been reported to decrease the effects of warfarin. When nafcillin and warfarin are used concomitantly, the prothrombin time should be closely monitored and the dose of warfarin adjusted as necessary. This effect may persist for up to 30 days after nafcillin has been discontinued. 

Nafcillin when administered concomitantly with cyclosporine has been reported to result in subtherapeutic cyclosporine levels. The nafcillin-cyclosporine interaction was documented in a patient during two separate courses of therapy. When cyclosporine and nafcillin are used concomitantly in organ transplant patients, the cyclosporine levels should be monitored.
An increased risk of target organ damage (TOD) has been reported in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA). However, there is relatively little related research on the correlation between the degree of TOD and those with and without PA in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients. The aim of this study was to assess the association between PA and TOD among patients with newly diagnosed hypertension. Newly diagnosed hypertensive patients were consecutively recruited from January 2015 to June 2020 at the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital. Patients were stratified into those with and without PA. Data for left ventricular mass index (LVMI), carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and plaque, and microalbuminuria were systematically collected. A total of 1044 patients with newly diagnosed hypertension were recruited, 57 (5.5%) of whom were diagnosed with PA. Patients with PA had lower blood pressure, serum lipids, body mass index, and plasma renin activity and a higher incidence of hypokalemia than those without PA. In contrast, the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy, increased CIMT, and microalbuminuria was higher in patients with PA than in those without PA. Multivariable regression analysis demonstrated that PA was independently associated with increased LVMI, CIMT and microalbuminuria. Among patients with newly diagnosed hypertension, those with PA had more severe TOD, including a higher LVMI, CIMT and microalbuminuria, than those without PA. These findings emphasize the need for screening TOD in newly diagnosed hypertension due to underlying PA.
Participants in the control group will be eligible to participate in the study, but cannot participate because there are no groups within their geographical region. They will be offered the W@H program after their 26-week follow up.
The invention provides a pharmaceutical and/or cosmetic product comprising first and second active ingredient-containing formulations for topical administration to a patient, wherein said product includes storage means whereby said formulations are maintained separately prior to dispense, together with dispense means which permit said formulations to be dispensed from said storage means, characterised in that (i) an active ingredient in at least one of said formulations is contained within a polymeric delivery system (e.g. a Microsponge delivery system) and (ii) both of said formulations comprise water-based (e.g. aqueous) carrier bases having substantially the same lipophilicity. Also provided is a dual or multi-chamber dispense system suitable for dispensing said formulations which is provided with a removable closure, e.g. a cap. This closure prevents the formulations from being accidentally dispensed from a dispensing orifice(s) and can also reduce exposure of these orifice(s) to the air. The products of the invention are particularly suitable for dispensing formulations for treating dermatological conditions such as acne, in particular formulations in which the active components have stability limitations when combined, e.g. those comprising oxidising antibacterials (e.g. benzoyl peroxide) and antibiotics.
PURPOSE:To provide a detergent which is excellent in detergency, storage stability, disinfection activity against viruses and bacteria, etc. and which comprises polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether, an amphoteric surface active agent and p-chloro-m-xylenol. CONSTITUTION:Polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether, an amphoteric surface active agent and p-chloro-m-xylenol are compounded with each other, thereby obtaining the desired detergent. According to necessity, a builder (e.g., sodium carbonate or sodium metasilicate) may be added thereto. Representative examples of the amphoteric surface active agents are a carboxy betaine type amino carboxylic acid salt, an imidazolinium betaine (e.g., 2-alkyl-N-carboxymethyl- Nhydroxyethylimidazolinium betaine), and the like. The obtd. detergent is suited for use as a detergent for medical, physical and chemical appliances since it has a disinfection activity.
BACKGROUND: ATF6-associated Achromatopsia (ACHM) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by reduction of visual acuity, photophobia, nystagmus, and poor color vision.
METHODS: Detailed ophthalmological examinations were performed in a Chinese patient with ACHM. Whole exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed to detect the disease-causing gene in the patient.
RESULTS: A 6-year-old girl presented photophobia, low vision and reduced color discrimination. Small yellow lesion in the macula of both eyes was observed. FAF demonstrated hypofluorescence in the macular fovea. OCT images revealed interruption of ellipsoid and interdigitation zone in the foveal area and a loss of the foveal pit. ERG showed relatively normal rod responses and unrecordable cone responses. Sequencing result identified a novel splicing variant c.354 + 6T>C in the ATF6 gene (NM_007348.4).
CONCLUSIONS: We reported detailed clinical features and genetic analysis of a new Chinese ATF6-associated patient with ACHM.
Early Onset Group B Strep (GBS) neonatal infections is one of the leading infections in newborns, nearly all of which are acquired by vertical transmission at the time of childbirth. Most cases can be prevented by identifying women who are colonized with GBS in the vaginal-rectal area and giving these colonized women prophylactic antibiotics in labor. About 15 -20% of women are colonized and nearly all of these women are asymptomatic. Because it takes up to 48 hours to obtain culture results, it is currently recommended to perform cultures in the clinic about 3 - 5 weeks prior to their due date and then prophylaxing those women colonized with GBS with antibiotics when they come in to labor. There are several downsides to this strategy. All women who present with preterm labor are treated until culture results become available (overtreatment), women who go into labor while waiting for culture results are all treated (overtreatment), prior studies have shown 33% of women are positive at 35 weeks, but negative at birth (overtreatment) and 10% are negative at 35 weeks and positive at birth (undertreatment), lost or missing culture results (over- or undertreatment). Using microfluidics and fluorescent PCR, a new test can identify GBS reliably in 30 to 45 minutes in vitro. This study proposes to evaluate the clinical performance (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value) of the microfluidic rapid GBS technique in selected women presenting at 35 - 37 weeks to antenatal clinics at the University of Michigan compared to standard culture.
Post-partum depression (PPD) is the most common psychological pathology following childbirth and affects 12% of women in France. This pathology may impair the mother-infant relationship and lead to suboptimal development of the baby in the short and long-term. The prevalence of early interaction disorders is estimated at 73% among women suffering from PPD. Although treatments for PDD are effective, the mother-infant interaction remains impaired, as well as the short, medium and long-term development of the child. It is therefore essential to develop at a very early stage an intervention specifically targeting the mother-infant interaction, and to integrate this care into the general care given to mothers suffering from PPD.

A short cognitive-behavioural therapy intervention focused on improving the quality of the mother-infant relationship (the HUGS program: Happiness, Understanding, Giving and Sharing) has been created and validated by Prof. Jeannette Milgrom's Australian team. The objective of our study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the HUGS programme compared to a Playtime control group using a randomised controlled trial in a population of women suffering from PPD and being cared for in 7 French maternity hospitals. The comparison will be made 6 months after intervention initiation using "Factor 1: Mother Positive Affective Involvement and Verbalization" of the PCERA (Parent-Child Early Relational Assessment) mother-child interaction evaluation scale.
BACKGROUND: Infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) may have underlying conditions predisposing them to hypoxic-ischemic injury during labor and delivery. It is unclear how genetic and congenital anomalies impact outcomes of HIE.
METHODS: Infants with HIE enrolled in a phase III trial underwent genetic testing when clinically indicated. Infants with known genetic or congenital anomalies were excluded. The primary outcome, i.e., death or neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI), was determined at age two years by a standardized neurological examination, Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Third Edition (BSID-III), and the Gross Motor Function Classification Scales. Secondary outcomes included cerebral palsy and BSID-III motor, cognitive, and language scores at age two years.
RESULTS: Of 500 infants with HIE, 24 (5%, 95% confidence interval 3% to 7%) were diagnosed with a genetic (n = 15) or congenital (n = 14) anomaly. Infants with and without genetic or congenital anomalies had similar rates of severe encephalopathy and findings on brain magnetic resonance imaging. However, infants with genetic or congenital anomalies were more likely to have death or NDI (75% vs 50%, P = 0.02). Among survivors, those with a genetic or congenital anomaly were more likely to be diagnosed with cerebral palsy (32% vs 13%, P = 0.02), and had lower BSID-III scores in all three domains than HIE survivors without such anomalies.
CONCLUSIONS: Among infants with HIE, 5% were diagnosed with a genetic or congenital anomaly. Despite similar clinical markers of HIE severity, infants with HIE and a genetic or congenital anomaly had worse neurodevelopmental outcomes than infants with HIE alone.
Participants should eat placebo once a day for 28 days, then exchange the treatment sample to rice protein RP-80NY after 14 days of wash-out. The dosage of the rice protein RP-80NY or placebo is 0.053 g/kg body weight.
Individuals with a history of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are more likely to smoke cigarettes than those without, but little is known about the factors that account for this increased risk. This study will examine brain function in regions related to reward processing and inhibitory control, along with reactions to initial nicotine exposure to help explain why ACEs lead to increased risk for smoking. In this study, young adult non-smokers ages 18-21 (n=150) with a history of exposure to ACEs ranging from 0 to 4 or more will be enrolled to attend 7 visits including an MRI scan and administration of a nicotine nasal spray. Participants will complete an in-person screening visit, followed by a training visit to provide training for the MRI tasks and to acclimate them to the mock MRI scanner. They will then complete a functional neuroimaging scanning session to examine brain reactivity during a monetary reward task, an inhibitory control task, and during rest. Participants will then attend 3 separate visits in which subjective reactions to a nasal spray containing 0, .5, or 1 mg doses of nicotine will be measured. During a final choice session participants will choose to self-administer nicotine or placebo nasal spray. Breath and urine samples will be collected at each visit to test for recent smoking, alcohol use, or illicit drug use. Plasma samples will be collected at each fixed-dose session to assess nicotine and cotinine levels. All nicotine administration will occur during laboratory sessions, and the study physician will be on site or on call during all visits.
A water-soluble extract of asiaticoside and madecassoside from  Centella asiatica  and an isolating method thereof. In the isolating method an aqueous alcohol containing  Centella asiatica  is subjected to cold-precipitation to obtain an extract. The extract in the aqueous alcohol is treated with a halogenide solvent for layer separation, and then the aqueous layer is extracted with a higher alcohol. The extract in the alcohol layer is washed first with sodium hydroxide and then with water. After being concentrated, the extract is crystallized with ethyl acetate to obtain crystals and the crystals are washed. A method for treating liver cells in a mammal includes administering to a mammal an effective amount of the extract from  Centella asiatica  containing asiaticoside and madecassoside.
RIC is a physical strategy performed through cuffs placed on the unilateral arm and inflated to 180 mmHg for 5-min followed by deflation for 5-min, the procedures are performed repeatedly for 5 times. This group of patients received regular therapy of acute ischemic stroke plus unilateral arm of RIC intervention.
MDR-TB treatment with 9-month or 20-24 month WHO approved regimen. The WHO guidelines recommend the following 5-agent treatment regimen for MDR-TB: pyrazinamide; a fluoroquinolone; a parenteral agent (typically amikacin or kanamycin); ethionamide (or prothionamide); and either cycloserine or para-aminosalicylic acid, with preference for cycloserine.