anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Lithium can cause hyponatremia by decreasing sodium reabsorption by the renal tubules, leading to sodium depletion. Therefore, it is essential for patients receiving lithium treatment to maintain a normal diet, including salt, and an adequate fluid intake (2500 to 3000 mL) at least during the initial stabilization period. Decreased tolerance to lithium has also been reported to ensue from protracted sweating or diarrhea and, if such occur, supplemental fluid and salt should be administered under careful medical supervision and lithium intake reduced or suspended until the condition is resolved. In addition, concomitant infection with elevated temperatures may also necessitate a temporary reduction or cessation of medication.

Symptoms are also more severe with faster-onset hyponatremia. Mild hyponatremia (i.e., serum Na > 120 mEq/L) can be asymptomatic. Below this threshold, clinical signs are usually present, consisting mainly of changes in mental status, such as altered personality, lethargy, and confusion. For more severe hyponatremia (serum Na < 115 mEq/L), stupor, neuromuscular hyperexcitability, hyperreflexia, seizures, coma, and death can result. During treatment of hyponatremia, serum sodium should not be elevated by more than 10 to 12 mEq/L in 24 hours, or 18 mEq/L in 48 hours. In the case of severe hyponatremia where severe neurologic symptoms are present, a faster infusion rate to correct serum sodium concentration may be needed. Patients rapidly treated or with serum sodium <120mEq/L are more at risk of developing osmotic demyelination syndrome (previously called central pontine myelinolysis). Occurrence is more common among patients with alcoholism, undernutrition, or other chronic debilitating illness. Common signs include flaccid paralysis, dysarthria. In severe cases with extended lesions patients may develop a locked-in syndrome (generalized motor paralysis). Damage often is permanent. If neurologic symptoms start to develop during treatment of hyponatremia, serum sodium correction should be suspended to mitigate the development of permanent neurologic damage.
Despite its FDA approval there is very limited data on its clinical effectiveness in PM and DM. There was a recent study published in the peer-review journal Drug Design, Development and Therapy on a retrospective case series evaluating Acthar in the treatment of PM and DM. Acthar was administered to five patients who had previously failed multiple steroid and immunosuppressant treatment regimens. The patients received injections of Acthar over the course of 12 weeks or more. Improvement in PM and DM symptoms related to disease exacerbations was seen in all five patients. Symptom improvements included increased muscle strength, resolution of disease-related skin manifestations and improvements in the ability to perform tasks associated with daily living. All of these patients tolerated the treatment well with no significant side effects reported. The paper, "Treating refractory dermatomyositis or polymyositis with adrenocorticotropic hormone gel: a retrospective case series," was authored by Dr. Todd Levine, M.D., Co-Director of the Neurophysiology Department at Banner Good Samaritan Medical Center, Assistant Professor at the University of Arizona in Neurology, and Member of Phoenix Neurological Associates.

H.P. Acthar® Gel, or Acthar, is a prescription medication containing the hormone adrenocorticotropin (hormone produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland), also known as ACTH. H.P. Acthar Gel is a highly purified preparation of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in a gel that is designed to provide extended release of the ACTH following injection. Acthar was originally approved by the FDA in 1952. It is approved for use in 19 different conditions including dermatomyositis and polymyositis.

Acthar is designed to provide a prolonged release of the medication after it is injected. Acthar is not a steroid; it works by helping your body produce its own natural steroid hormones, such as cortisol, corticosterone, and aldosterone. Acthar is an injection that is given intramuscularly (into the muscle). Subjects enrolled in the study will be asked to self administer Acthar two times per week. Subjects will be provided training by the principal investigator on how to perform the self injections.
BACKGROUND: Persistent high levels of knee pain after a total knee replacement have been estimated to affect 5%-10% of people and this is related to dissatisfaction with surgery, reduced function and reduced quality of life. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs or strategies to reduce persistent pain and improve function and quality of life in people following a total knee replacement.
METHODS: The systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines with a search of relevant online databases up to 17 July 2024. The search criteria included English language randomised controlled trials of rehabilitation programs or strategies in any setting to treat people with persistent knee pain more than 3 months after a total knee replacement. Rehabilitation could include exercise, education, cognitive strategies and self-management programs and excluded medication trials, procedural techniques and complementary therapies.
RESULTS: After removal of duplicates, there were 468 abstracts screened for eligibility with 23 remaining for full-text screening and finally, one study meeting the eligibility criteria. This study's interventions were pain neuroscience education alone and pain neuroscience education plus neuromuscular exercise. There were no statistically significant between-group differences for pain reduction or functional improvement.
CONCLUSION: The evidence examining the value of rehabilitation programs or strategies for pain reduction and functional improvement in people with persistent pain following total knee replacement is deficient. Given the high number of people affected annually, further research concerning both prevention and management of persistent pain after knee replacement is warranted.
Patients will be randomized and proceed to one of two study arms:

1. Pacing during first half of lesions: During each of the 15 pre-specified lesions, pacing will be initiated at a 500ms cycle length from a catheter in the coronary sinus or right ventricle prior to the start of the lesion. Pacing will be stopped at the halfway point (e.g. after 10 seconds for a 20-second lesion and after 15 seconds for a 30-second lesion). In the event that Wenckebach behavior is noted, pacing will be adjusted to a 550ms cycle length. In the event that Wenckebach behavior persists, the cycle length will be adjusted to 600ms. In the event that Weckebach behavior continues, the pacing catheter will be moved to the right ventricle, which and pacing will be performed at a 500ms cycle length. If Wenckebach behavior still persists, the patient will be withdrawn from the study.
2. Pacing during second half of lesions: During each of the 15 pre-specified lesions, pacing will be stopped at the halfway point (e.g. after 10 seconds for a 20-second lesion and after 15 seconds for a 30-second lesion). In the event that Wenckebach behavior is noted, pacing will be adjusted to a 550ms cycle length. In the event that Wenckebach behavior persists, the cycle length will be adjusted to 600ms. In the event that Wenckebach behavior persists, the pacing catheter will be moved to the right ventricle and pacing will be performed at a 500ms cycle length. If Wenckebach behavior still persists, the patient will be withdrawn from the study.
Colonoscopy performed as usual, with the minimal CO2 insufflation required to aid insertion and adequate distension during withdrawal for exploration. Washing allowed as needed. Considered to be standard procedure.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: claimed group of inventions relate to medicine, in particular to endocrinology and concerns treatment of infectious foot lesions in diabetes. For this purpose oxazolidinone antibiotic linezoide is introduced in efficient amount. Linezolide is able to penetrate into affected with diabetes tissues and accumulate in them in efficient amounts. ^ EFFECT: treatment of infection caused by antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms. ^ 30 cl, 2 dwg, 3 ex, 4 tbl
Separate single-and multiple-ascending dose (SAD and MAD) parts will be conducted. Throughout each part of the study, safety, pharmacological (PD) and PK effects will be assessed. Safety and tolerability will be assessed using adverse event (AE) monitoring, measurement of vital signs, recording 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), physical examination and clinical laboratory safety tests. Blood samples will be collected at intervals for assay of plasma concentration of CORT125281 and CORT125324.

The SAD part of the study is double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled with respect to CORT125281. Two cohorts, each of 9 subjects, will receive three sequential single doses of the investigational medicinal product (IMP), either CORT125281 at the assigned dose level or placebo, in a partial within-subject crossover manner. The starting dose is CORT125281, 40 mg; the rules for determining later doses are detailed within the protocol. The PD effects of CORT125281 will be examined by testing its ability to ameliorate the pharmacological effects of a concomitantly administered dose of prednisone.

The MAD part of the study will be double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled and parallel-group with respect to CORT125281. Up to four cohorts of 8 subjects, randomized so that 6 receive CORT125281 and 2 receive placebo, will participate in the study, so that up to four dose levels of CORT125281 are studied in total. An exploratory assessment will be made of the effect of repeated doses of CORT125281 on exposure to pioglitazone, probe substrate for CYP2C8. Each subject will be admitted on Day-1 for baseline assessments. On Day1, subjects will receive a single oral dose of pioglitazone, 15mg. From Day3 to Day16 (14 days), subjects will be dosed daily with IMP (CORT125281 at the selected dose or placebo). On Day13, subjects will receive a second dose of pioglitazone, 15 mg.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lubricating agent for a condom having low irritation to skin or mucous membranes, good in lubricity, without squeakiness and affording moderate lubricating effects during the use and a condom having the lubricating agent applied thereto. SOLUTION: This lubricating agent for a condom comprises a squalane derived from a natural product prepared by regulating the amount of pristane to <=10 wt.ppm. The condom has the agent applied thereto. The lubricating agent may be a squalane prepared by using a natural product as a raw material and regulating the amount of the pristane to <=10 wt.ppm; however, the lubricating agent has preferably >=99 wt.%, more preferably >=99.5 wt.% purity expressed in terms of the squalane. Although no pristane is contained, a chemically synthesized squalane is disadvantageous in aspects of cost as compared with the squalane derived from the natural product because the chemically synthesized squalane is synthesized through complicated reactional processes. Furthermore, there is a problem in optical isomers.  Since the squalane is present in animal or plants other than the shark liver oil, the squalane may be used as a raw material.
Placebo Comparator: Saline solution (B. Braun Ecoflac Plus) Saline solution (NaCl 0,9%), B. Braun Ecoflac Plus 50 milliliter. One single administration intramuscularly of a 0.8 milliliter dose on Day 1 AND Placebo Comparator: Saline solution (B. Braun Ecoflac Plus) Saline solution (NaCl 0,9%), B. Braun Ecoflac Plus 50 milliliter. One single administration intramuscularly of a 0.8 milliliter dose in the opposite arm on Day 1.
Premenstrual syndrome scale will be applied to adolescents as a pre-test. 34 randomly selected students who pass the cutoff score on this scale will form the control group. No intervention will be applied to this group. At the end of five weeks, the premenstrual syndrome scale will be applied again to the control group as a post-test.
Participants in the control intervention group will follow the Graded Repetitive Arm Supplementary Program (GRASP, Harris et al., 2009). They will be asked to complete 4 weekly one-hour session for 10 weeks (total program duration: 40 hours).
After the reactivation of the scripted memories during PE on day 2, the ketamine infusion procedure will begin inside the MRI. A physician will oversee and administer the ketamine infusions. A nurse will accompany the subject throughout the study sessions, from the insertion of bilateral cannula for drug infusion and blood sampling, to the recovery following ketamine infusion. Whilst subjects undergo the infusion, their heart rate and blood pressure will be constantly monitored. The participant will receive a steady state ketamine infusion of 0.50 mg/kg/hour. The infusion will continue for 40 minutes.
Abrupt discontinuation of clobazam should be avoided. Clobazam should be tapered by decreasing the dose every week by 5 mg/day to 10 mg/day until discontinuation [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].

Withdrawal symptoms occurred following abrupt discontinuation of clobazam; the risk of withdrawal symptoms is greater with higher doses.

As with all antiepileptic drugs, clobazam should be withdrawn gradually to minimize the risk of precipitating seizures, seizure exacerbation, or status epilepticus.

Withdrawal symptoms (e.g., convulsions, psychosis, hallucinations, behavioral disorder, tremor, and anxiety) have been reported following abrupt discontinuance of benzodiazepines. The more severe withdrawal symptoms have usually been limited to patients who received excessive doses over an extended period of time, followed by an abrupt discontinuation. Generally milder withdrawal symptoms (e.g., dysphoria, anxiety, and insomnia) have been reported following abrupt discontinuance of benzodiazepines taken continuously at therapeutic doses for several months.
PURPOSE: To suppress the deactivation of an oral pharmaceutical in its preparation, comprising a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor effective for treating hematopoietic injury and anaemia or erythropoietin as an active ingredient and to promote especially in intestine. CONSTITUTION: This pharmaceutical is obtained by formulating (A) 1 pt.wt. of an oral pharmaceutical comprising a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor as a physiologically active protein or erythropoietin as an active ingredient with (B) 0.1-1,000 pts.wt. of a surfactant, (C) 0.1-1,000 pts.wt. of a fatty acid, preferably oleic acid or linoleic acid and (D) an enteric coated base. The absorption of the main agent A is especially raised by addition of the component C.
Three cohorts of patients will be treated with escalating doses of oral buparlisib. The doses will be 50mg, 80mg and 100mg, once daily. Patients will be treated with buparlisib for a total of fourteen days. One week after commencing buparlisib, patients will start palliative radiotherapy treatment. Radiotherapy treatment will be delivered as 20Gy in 5 fractions over a one week period. There will be an expansion cohort at the MTD. Patients in an optional fourth cohort will take buparlisib for 4 weeks at the MTD.
Participants will receive a packet of materials from the study interventionist, along with a brief standardized introduction to the self-administered intervention. On Day 30 post HCT, the interventionist will meet with the participant to answer any questions about the intervention, encourage the continued use of stress management techniques as recommended, and monitor for any adverse reactions to use of the techniques. The interventionist will meet with the patient again in person or by phone at approximately 60 days post transplant. Whenever possible, the interventionist meeting with the patient at 30 and 60 days should be the same interventionist who previously met with the patient.
Nitroglycerin, an organic nitrate, is a vasodilator which has effects on both arteries and veins. The chemical name for nitroglycerin is 1,2,3-propanetriol trinitrate (C3H5N3O9). The compound has a molecular weight of 227.09. The chemical structure is:

Nitroglycerin Lingual Spray (nitroglycerin lingual spray 400 mcg) is a metered dose spray containing nitroglycerin. This product delivers nitroglycerin (400 mcg per spray, 60 or 200 metered sprays) in the form of spray droplets onto or under the tongue. Inactive ingredients: medium-chain triglycerides, dehydrated alcohol, medium-chain partial glycerides, peppermint oil.
This systematic review investigates the impact of meditation on neural responses to pain, as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Up to March 2024, we conducted searches across four databases for human studies implementing fMRI to assess the efficacy of meditation for pain relief. Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Our systematic review indicates that activation of the insula, anterior cingulate cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex is positively associated with meditation for pain relief, while activity in regions like the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex is negatively correlated with pain relief. Meta-analyses consistently reveal the involvement of various brain regions, including the insula, putamen, amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, superior temporal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, and caudate nucleus, in meditation-induced alleviation of pain. These findings suggest ccthat meditation acts on specific brain regions related to pain, mood, and cognition, providing insight into the potential mechanisms underlying the pain-alleviating effects of meditation on both pain sensations and emotional experiences.
The revised International Prognostic Index (R-IPI) is an important prognostic tool in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL); however, outcomes can vary markedly within R-IPI groups, and additional prognostic markers are needed. We conducted a prospective observational study to evaluate the circulating immature myeloid (IM) cell subsets and cytokine profiles of 31 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL before and after chemoimmunotherapy. Among circulating IM cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were the predominant cell type (73.8% ± 26%). At baseline, circulating monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs) and polymorphonuclear MDSCs (PMN-MDSCs) were predominantly mutually exclusive. Patients with DLBCL clustered into three distinct immunotypes according to MDSC levels and subtype predominance: M-MDSChigh, PMN-MDSChigh, and MDSClow. The M-MDSChigh immunotype was associated with the germinal center B cell-like (GCB) subtype and elevated serum IL-8 and MIP-1α levels. PMN-MDSChigh was associated with the non-GCB subtype and elevated IL-8, MCP-1, IP-10, TNFα, and IL-1Ra levels. Standard chemoimmunotherapy partially reduced M-MDSC distribution across the MDSClow and M-MDSChigh groups. By contrast, among the MDSClow and PMN-MDSChigh groups, PMN-MDSCs persisted after treatment. Two high-risk patients with non-GCB DLBCL and MDSClow immunotype experienced early disease recurrence within 12 months of treatment completion. This study demonstrates that distinct types of MDSCs are associated with subtypes of DLBCL. MDSC levels are dynamic and may be associated with disease status. Persistence of PMN-MDSCs among high-risk patients with DLBCL may be associated with early relapse.
INTRODUCTION: Total knee arthroplasty is associated with significant postoperative pain. Continuous adductor canal blocks via an inserted adductor canal catheter are effective analgesia interventions with the advantage of decreasing quadriceps weakness and the potential of extending the analgesic effect. The classical adductor canal catheter insertion technique may have a high likelihood of catheter dislodgement out of the canal. The interfascial plane between the sartorius muscle and femoral artery (ISAFE) approach has the potential of decreasing the adductor canal catheter migration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of catheter dislodgment to outside the adductor canal, for ISAFE and classical approaches. We hypothesized that ISAFE approach would result in a lower dislodgment rate.
METHODS: Ninety-seven patients for unilateral total knee arthroplasty were included and randomized to either ISAFE intervention group or conventional group. The primary outcome was the incidence of adductor canal catheter dislodged to outside the adductor canal, on ultrasound evaluation, 24 hours after the surgery. Secondary outcomes were pain scores, opioid consumption and continuous adductor canal block related complications for the first 48 hours after surgery.
RESULTS: The catheters placed using ISAFE approach had a lower rate of dislodgement in comparison to the control group (18.6% vs 44.9%, respectively, p=0.01), at 24 hours after surgery; and lower pain scores for rest, on the first two postoperative days.
CONCLUSIONS: ISAFE group had a significantly lower rate of dislodgement at 24 hours. The continuous adductor canal block analgesic benefit for knee arthroplasty depends on the position of the tip of the catheter inside the adductor canal.
Psychoeducation given to the parents of the children with ADHD reduce parental stress, but these reduces are not proven for parents of the children with ADHD. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of psychoeducation on the stress levels of parents of children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This was a randomised controlled study and applied the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement. A total of 172 parents (experimental group: 86, control group: 86) participated in the study, which was planned as an experimental (randomized controlled, with pre-test-post-test control group, follow-up) study. Both the mothers and fathers were included in the psychoeducation program for parents which was delivered in two sessions per week. The study was evaluated before the first session, after the second session and at the 6th month. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form and Caregiver Stress Scale (CSS). Mean, standard deviation, number and percentage, minimum, maximum, homogeneity tests and the chi-square test were used for data analysis. The mean scores obtained from the scales before and after the training were compared with the paired-t test and student t test between the groups. There was no significant difference between the mean pre-test scores of the parents in the experimental and control groups on the whole CSS (p\<0.005). Significant differences were found between the scores before and after the psychoeducation, and their six-month follow-up scores (p\<0.001). There were significant differences between the pre- and post-test scores, pre-test scores and six-month follow-up scores, and post-test scores and six-month follow-up scores of the parents in the experimental group according to the in-group comparisons (p\>0.05). It was determined that psychoeducation given to parents of children with ADHD reduced parental stress.