anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A system, apparatus and method are provide for a lesson to a user of the system. The lesson may be a behavioral lesson or a teaching lesson, such as where knowledge or skill is being imparted to the user. In one aspect, the inventions include a sensor apparatus, the sensor apparatus generating an output indicative of a user's actions. Memory is provided for storing an individual user profile including at least a plan. and a display. A processor and associated storage comprising a computing platform to generate user feedback
Mitotic cells face the challenging task of ensuring accurate and equal segregation of their duplicated, condensed chromosomes between the nascent daughter cells. Errors in the process result in chromosome missegregation, a significant consequence of which is the emergence of aneuploidy-characterized by an imbalance in chromosome number-and the associated phenomenon of chromosome instability (CIN). Aneuploidy and CIN are common features of cancer, which leverages them to promote genome heterogeneity and plasticity, thereby facilitating rapid tumor evolution. Recent research has provided insights into how mitotic errors shape cancer genomes by inducing both numerical and structural chromosomal changes that drive tumor initiation and progression. In this review, we survey recent findings regarding the mitotic causes and consequences of aneuploidy. We discuss new findings into the types of chromosome segregation errors that lead to aneuploidy and novel pathways that protect genome integrity during mitosis. Finally, we describe new developments in our understanding of the immediate consequences of chromosome mis-segregation on the genome stability of daughter cells.
Children registered for kidney transplants prior to the age of 18 years retain "pediatric" allocation status after their 18th birthday. There are no data on the impact of this policy. We performed a retrospective cohort study of 7097 candidates listed for kidney transplant prior to 18 years of age who remained on the waitlist after their 18th birthday between January 1, 2015, and April 1, 2022, using United Network for Organ Sharing data. A total of 1193 candidates remained on the waitlist after their 18th birthday. The median age at listing was 17 years (IQR: 17-17 years). A total of 588 candidates (8% of 7097 pediatric candidates) received a kidney transplant with pediatric status at the age of 18 years or older; 465 (79%) were deceased-donor transplants. The median age at deceased-donor transplants was 18 years (IQR: 18-19 years); 97% were performed before the age of 21 years. In the 7.25 years of the study, 12 adults aged 21 years and older received a deceased-donor kidney transplant with pediatric allocation priority. Deceased-donor transplants with pediatric priority after the age of 18 years are rare, comprising an estimated 0.4% of all adult deceased-donor transplants. Candidates with pediatric priority after 18 years of age typically progress to transplant within 3 years. Ongoing monitoring of this population is important to fully understand the allocation policy.
OBJECTIVE: We evaluated if venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in the inpatient antepartum period was associated with wound hematomas, VTE occurrence, and other adverse outcomes.
STUDY DESIGN: This study is a secondary analysis of a retrospective cohort of patients who delivered at University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB). Patients receiving outpatient anticoagulation (AC) were excluded. We grouped patients into those who received inpatient antepartum prophylactic AC and those who did not. The primary outcome was wound hematomas from delivery to 6 weeks postpartum (PP). Secondary outcomes included VTE occurrence and select adverse outcomes, including other wound complications, unplanned procedures, mode of anesthesia, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Analyses were performed with no AC group as the reference. A sensitivity analysis excluding those who received inpatient PP AC was performed.
RESULTS: Of 1,035 included patients, only 169 patients received inpatient prophylactic AC. They were older, had higher body mass indices, and more comorbidities. Patients receiving inpatient antepartum AC had higher wound hematomas (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 23.81; 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.04-80.47). They had similar risk for developing VTE as the control group (aOR 2.68; 95% CI 0.19-37.49) but were more likely to have wound complications (aOR 2.36; 95% CI 1.24-4.47), maternal deaths (p < 0.05), and require PP ICU admission (aOR 13.38; 95% CI 4.79-37.35). When excluding those receiving any PP AC, there was no difference in bleeding complications between the two groups and VTE rates remained unchanged. Rates of maternal deaths and PP ICU admissions remained higher in those who received inpatient antepartum AC prophylaxis.
CONCLUSION: In this small cohort study, increased wound hematomas were found in those who received inpatient antepartum AC prophylaxis with no difference in VTE occurrence. While adverse events were increased in the inpatient AC group, this was mostly associated with PP AC prophylaxis. Larger studies should be conducted to describe the true benefits and risks of antepartum AC prophylaxis and determine efficacy of this widely used practice.
KEY POINTS: · Peripartum chemoprophylaxis is associated with increased wound hematomas.. · VTE is rare, despite its association with significant peripartum morbidity/mortality.. · Large studies are needed to guide practices that optimize the risk/benefit ratio of chemoprophylaxis..
FIELD: food industry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of processing of beef pulp offal. The implementation of the invention, according to this method, provides for the possibility of obtaining a liquid fraction of a product (according to the first option) and a dry one (according to the second option). According to both options of the invention, initial elastin-containing raw materials in the form of ligaments, backbone vein, end tendons of shanks and calves of cattle are subjected to heat treatment with acute steam in an alkaline solution with pH of 8.5-10.5 at LC=2 for 18-24 hours. The purified semi-finished product is washed first with hot water (50-60°C) for 1-2 hours, and then with cold water (20-25°C) for 30-40 minutes, after which it is crushed to a crumbly state with a particle size of 0.1-0.3 cm. The resulting mass is placed in a solution containing 7-12 g/l of sodium hydroxide and 15-25 g/l of hydrogen peroxide for 18-36 hours. Next, the semi-finished product is transferred to a precipitate, adding 0.1 N of hydrochloric acid to it with constant mixing until pH of 2.0-3.0 of the working solution is reached. The resulting precipitate is washed with running water and re-dissolved in 0.1-1.0% sodium hydroxide solution for 4-8 hours, periodically mixing. Stabilization of pH of the product to 6.5-7.5 and bringing a mass fraction of a dry residue in a mono-product to 4.0-7.0% is carried out with 0.1-1.0% sodium hydroxide solution. At the end, the product is homogenized to a particle size of 200-250 mcm, filtered, and a preservative is added. To obtain a dry form of the product, its liquid fraction is poured into cuvettes up to a layer thickness of 1-2 cm and subjected to lyophilization, conducting stepwise dehydration in the cryoscopic temperature range from -30 to -60°C for 24-36 hours and bringing the content of the mass fraction of moisture in the product to 0.5-5.0%. The product is gradually heated to a temperature of 10-20°C, crushed to a powdery state with a particle size of 1-3 mm and packed.EFFECT: invention makes it possible to reduce the duration of the process to 4 days, increase the solubility of initial elastin-containing raw materials and increase the mass fraction of dry substances in the product to 4-7 wt.%.2 cl, 2 ex
Patients follow-up as normal with physician. Recommended by physician to engage in physical activity 4x/w. No other intervention or follow-up.
Accutane may cause depression, psychosis and, rarely, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, suicide, and aggressive and/or violent behaviors. No mechanism of action has been established for these events (see ADVERSE REACTIONS: Psychiatric). Prescribers should read the brochure, Recognizing Psychiatric Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Guide for Prescribers of Isotretinoin. Prescribers should be alert to the warning signs of psychiatric disorders to guide patients to receive the help they need. Therefore, prior to initiation of Accutane therapy, patients and family members should be asked about any history of psychiatric disorder, and at each visit during therapy patients should be assessed for symptoms of depression, mood disturbance, psychosis, or aggression to determine if further evaluation may be necessary. Signs and symptoms of depression, as described in the brochure (“Recognizing Psychiatric Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults”), include sad mood, hopelessness, feelings of guilt, worthlessness or helplessness, loss of pleasure or interest in activities, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, change in sleep pattern, change in weight or appetite, suicidal thoughts or attempts, restlessness, irritability, acting on dangerous impulses, and persistent physical symptoms unresponsive to treatment. Patients should stop Accutane and the patient or a family member should promptly contact their prescriber if the patient develops depression, mood disturbance, psychosis, or aggression, without waiting until the next visit. Discontinuation of Accutane therapy may be insufficient; further evaluation may be necessary. While such monitoring may be helpful, it may not detect all patients at risk. Patients may report mental health problems or family history of psychiatric disorders. These reports should be discussed with the patient and/or the patient’s family. A referral to a mental health professional may be necessary. The physician should consider whether Accutane therapy is appropriate in this setting; for some patients the risks may outweigh the benefits of Accutane therapy.
All subjects will be recruited from falls and geriatrics clinics at Vancouver General Hospital. These clinics see about 2500 patients per year and are currently used for research recruitment. Each clinic patient has gait speed measured, which will allow to recruit both high and low risk fallers. This test will allow us to recruit 50 subjects at marked risk for falls, providing us with prospectively gathered dataset of greater than 100 events, five times higher than any other sensor study.
Macrovascular Outcomes

There have been no clinical studies establishing conclusive evidence of macrovascular risk reduction with acarbose tablets or any other anti-diabetic drug.

Hypoglycemia

Because of its mechanism of action, acarbose tablets when administered alone should not cause hypoglycemia in the fasted or postprandial state. Sulfonylurea agents or insulin may cause hypoglycemia. Because acarbose given in combination with a sulfonylurea or insulin will cause a further lowering of blood glucose, it may increase the potential for hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia does not occur in patients receiving metformin alone under usual circumstances of use, and no increased incidence of hypoglycemia was observed in patients when acarbose was added to metformin therapy. Oral glucose (dextrose), whose absorption is not inhibited by acarbose tablets, should be used instead of sucrose (cane sugar) in the treatment of mild to moderate hypoglycemia. Sucrose, whose hydrolysis to glucose and fructose is inhibited by acarbose tablets, is unsuitable for the rapid correction of hypoglycemia. Severe hypoglycemia may require the use of either intravenous glucose infusion or glucagon injection.

Elevated Serum Transaminase Levels

In long-term studies (up to 12 months, and including acarbose tablets doses up to 300 mg t.i.d.) conducted in the United States, treatment emergent elevations of serum transaminases (AST and/or ALT) above the upper limit of normal (ULN), greater than 1.8 times the ULN, and greater than 3 times the ULN occurred in 14%, 6%, and 3%, respectively, of acarbose-treated patients as compared to 7%, 2%, and 1%, respectively, of placebo-treated patients. Although these differences between treatments were statistically significant, these elevations were asymptomatic, reversible, more common in females, and, in general, were not associated with other evidence of liver dysfunction. In addition, these serum transaminase elevations appeared to be dose related. In US studies including acarbose doses up to the maximum approved dose of 100 mg t.i.d., treatment-emergent elevations of AST and/or ALT at any level of severity were similar between acarbose-treated patients and placebo-treated patients (p ≥ 0.496).

In approximately 3 million patient-years of international postmarketing experience with acarbose tablets, 62 cases of serum transaminase elevations > 500 IU/L (29 of which were associated with jaundice) have been reported. Forty-one of these 62 patients received treatment with 100 mg t.i.d. or greater and 33 of 45 patients for whom weight was reported weighed < 60 kg. In the 59 cases where follow-up was recorded, hepatic abnormalities improved or resolved upon discontinuation of acarbose tablets in 55 and were unchanged in two. Cases of fulminant hepatitis with fatal outcome have been reported; the relationship to acarbose is unclear.

Loss of Control of Blood Glucose

When diabetic patients are exposed to stress such as fever, trauma, infection, or surgery, a temporary loss of control of blood glucose may occur. At such times, temporary insulin therapy may be necessary.
Applicable to the acupressure group; Heart meridian 7th point (HT7), large intestine meridian 4th point (LI4) and pericardium 6th point (PC6), a total of three points will be applied. Afterwards, sequential (breathing rhythm) compressions will be applied to the determined acupressure points by the researcher without lifting the finger, taking into account the pain threshold of the individual who is applied with the thumb, with 10 seconds of pressure for two seconds of relief. Since the symmetry of the selected three different points on the other extremity will also be applied, a total of 12 minutes of compression will be applied to each point, provided that it is two minutes. Depending on the preparation and compression time on each point, the session duration of each patient will be approximately 16 minutes.
This non-randomized non-inferiority study will enroll HPV associated oropharyngeal carcinoma subjects. Subjects who also have no evidence of hypoxia will undergo a major de-escalated radiation therapy concurrent with standard chemotherapy. Hypoxia status will be determined by 1 BF-FMISO PET /CT imaging. If this baseline scan shows no evidence of hypoxia, the subject will receive 30Gy concurrent with 2 cycles of chemotherapy. If this baseline scan shows evidence of hypoxia, a repeat 1 BF-FMISO scan will be done 5-10 treatment days after start of radiation therapy. If the repeat 1 BF-FMISO scan PET /CT demonstrates no evidence of hypoxia, the subject will receive 30Gy concurrent with 2 cycles of chemotherapy. If the repeat 1 BF-FMISO scan PET /CT demonstrates hypoxia, the subject will receive 70Gy concurrent with 2 cycles of chemotherapy. At 4 (+/- 4 weeks) months after chemoradiation, a neck dissection will be done unless the subjects FDG PET /CT scan at that time shows no evidence of disease of which the subject can be observed as per current standard of care.
Premature Aging (PA) diseases are rare genetic disorders that mimic some aspects of physiological aging at an early age. Various causative genes of PA diseases have been identified in recent years, providing insights into some dysfunctional cellular processes. However, the identification of PA genes also revealed significant genetic heterogeneity and highlighted the gaps in this understanding of PA-associated molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, many patients remain undiagnosed. Overall, the current lack of knowledge about PA diseases hinders the development of effective diagnosis and therapies and poses significant challenges to improving patient care. Here, a network-based approach to systematically unravel the cellular functions disrupted in PA diseases is presented. Leveraging a network community identification algorithm, it is delved into a vast multilayer network of biological interactions to extract the communities of 67 PA diseases from their 132 associated genes. It is found that these communities can be grouped into six distinct clusters, each reflecting specific cellular functions: DNA repair, cell cycle, transcription regulation, inflammation, cell communication, and vesicle-mediated transport. That these clusters collectively represent the landscape of the molecular mechanisms that are perturbed in PA diseases, providing a framework for better understanding their pathogenesis is proposed. Intriguingly, most clusters also exhibited a significant enrichment in genes associated with physiological aging, suggesting a potential overlap between the molecular underpinnings of PA diseases and natural aging.
A compound of formula (II) in which R1? and R2? together form a methylene or ethylene bridging group and R3? is a hydrogen, an acyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group having a maximum of six carbon atoms or a group CH2?R4? in which R4? is a C1-5? alkyl group substituted by a hydroxy group or by a C1-6? alkoxy group, or a salt thereof formed with a physiologically acceptable inorganic or organic acid, are of value for use in therapy, particularly as cardioprotective agents.
Hormone therapy, especially androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), is effective against prostate cancer (PC), whereas long-term ADT is a risk for metabolic/cardiovascular disorders including diabetes (DM), hypertension (HT) and dyslipidemia (DL), and might result in progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We thus conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study to ask whether CRPC progression would be associated positively with HT, DM or DL and negatively with statins prescribed for treatment of DL. In this study, 1,112 nonmetastatic PC patients undergoing ADT were enrolled. Univariate statistical analyses clearly showed significant association of HT or DM developing after ADT onset, though not preexisting HT or DM, with early CRPC progression. On the other hand, preexisting DL or statin use, but not newly developed DL or started statin prescriptions following ADT, was negatively associated with CRPC progression. Multivariate analysis revealed significant independent association of the newly developed DM or HT, or preexisting statin use with CRPC progression [adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals): 3.85 (1.65-8.98), p = 0.002; 2.75 (1.36-5.59), p = 0.005; 0.25 (0.09-0.72), p = 0.010, respectively]. Together, ADT-related development of HT or DM and preexisting statin use are considered to have positive and negative impact on CRPC progression, respectively.
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) and vitamin D deficiency remain major public health problems in Kazakhstan. Due to the high incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the country and based on the importance of vitamin D in the modulation of the immune response and the association of its deficiency with many health conditions, the aim of our research was to study the vitamin D status, VDR and TLR gene polymorphisms, and pulmonary tuberculosis epidemiology in Kazakhstan.
METHODS: A case-control study included 411 individuals diagnosed with pulmonary TB and 686 controls with no family history of pulmonary tuberculosis. Concentrations of serum vitamin D (25-(OH)D) levels were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The gene polymorphisms were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allelic discrimination assay using TaqMan probes. The association between the risk of pulmonary TB and polymorphisms was evaluated using multimodal logistic regression and assessed with the ORs, corresponding to 95% Cis, and the significance level was determined as p < 0.05.
RESULTS: 1097 individuals were recruited from 3 different regions of Kazakhstan. Biochemical data showed vitamin D deficiency (25-(OH)D < 20 ng/mL) was present in both groups, with the case group accounting for almost 95% and 43.7% in controls. Epidemiological data revealed that socioeconomic factors such as BMI < 25 kg/m2 (p < 0.001), employment (p < 0.001), diabetes (p < 0.001), and vitamin D deficiency (p < 0.001) were statistically different between case and control groups. Logistic regression analysis, adjusted by sex, age, BMI, residence, employment, smoking, alcohol consumption, and diabetes, showed that T/T polymorphism of the VDR gene (rs1544410, OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.04-3.72, p = 0.03) and A/A polymorphism of the TLR8 gene (rs3764880, OR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.20-4.98, p = 0.01) were associated with a high risk of developing pulmonary tuberculosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D deficiency remains prevalent in our study cohort and is associated with TB progression. Socioeconomic determinants such as unemployment, BMI under 25 kg/m2, and diabetes are the main risk factors for the development of pulmonary TB in our study. A/A polymorphism of TLR8 (rs3764880) and T/T polymorphism (BsmI, rs1544410) of VDR genes may act as biomarkers for pulmonary tuberculosis in the Kazakh population.
Subjects will be drawn from the pool of children who receive their care at the LPCH/Stanford Cystic Fibrosis Center. A letter will be sent to all eligible patients inviting them to participate in the study. This letter will also be available in the CF clinic. All subjects who agree to participate in the study will have the study described to them by a research assistant either in person or over the phone. Informed consent will be obtained all on subjects. Subject who elect to participate will be randomized into either an intervention group or a control group . Subjects in the intervention group will be given Internet Access to the program CF.DOC. They will also be given training in how to use the program for communication with their clinicians, participating in a virtual visit and using online forms and surveys. Subjects in the control group will be advised that they will receive usual care and will have access to CF.DOC at the completion of the study. At the beginning of the study and at 3 month intervals subjects will be asked to complete a cystic fibrosis Quality of life survey. At the beginning and end of the study all subjects will complete a patient experience questionnaire (CAPHS 2.0 CCC supplement ) and an CF.DOC evaluation survey. As part of their regular care all subjects will also have their nutritional status measured and pulmonary function assessed. subjects in the intervention group will asked to define treatment goals that are important to them (e.g. attending camp or participating in sports) and to define health measures that will help monitor progress in meeting these goals e.g. weekly weights or pulmonary function. Subjects in the intervention group will be asked to log onto CF.DOC at least one time per month.
Following routine clinical planning, the MELD algorithm will be run on the enrolled patient's scans. Up to 3 extra electrodes may be used to target lesion clusters identified by the algorithm such that the investigators will record from the top 3 clusters, with the aim of improving the rate of identification of a focal seizure onset zone in patients undergoing SEEG.
To maintain the blind subjects assigned to receive placebo receive 2 placebo capsules. Capsules will be administered with 240 mL of water.