anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Rotavirus is the commonest cause of severe gastroenteritis in young children, and premature babies are at high risk of serious disease. The RV1 rotavirus vaccine is an altered form of the virus and is given to all children at 8 weeks and 12 weeks of age in the UK. It is given by mouth and excreted in the stool following vaccination - the vaccine virus can therefore be transmitted between people in the same way as the normal virus. Premature babies often receive their initial vaccines while they are still hospitalised in neonatal units. There are no data regarding stool excretion of the RV1 rotavirus vaccine in premature babies - there is a theoretical risk of transmission of the vaccine virus to other babies in the unit (if there was inadequate staff hand washing). Some countries have therefore advised against immunisation of babies while in the neonatal unit. In the UK, however, the vaccine is being given in neonatal units, enabling evaluation of the vaccine in hospitalised premature babies.

This is an observational study of babies admitted to the neonatal unit at the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust who receive their first dose of rotavirus vaccine during their hospital stay.
The phase of finishing is the most demanding and detailed of all phases of the orthodontic treatment. American Board of Orthodontics- Objective Grading system is a detailed and objective method that evaluates the quality of the final outcome of orthodontic treatment. In order to evaluate and compare the effects of a protocol implementation on the ABO-OGS scores, standardize cast models and Pan X-Ray from by convenience patients of Orthodontic Postgraduate Program of University of Antioquia who finish orthodontic treatment and receive the protocol are digitized, eight variables are evaluate and ABO-OGS score is calculate. A comparison with 40 no-protocol ABO-OGS scores by convenience-selected patients is done. The protocol includes an educate residents program about finishing problems , an standardized clinical and X-ray assessment , brackets reposition and frequent clinical evaluation. The percentage of the protocol implementation is calculate in every patient and reliability test is make . The descriptive analysis and the ABO-OGS score comparison is done by Pearson or Spearman correlation.
Obesity is a global problem with a rising prevalence, which has serious implications not only for individuals' health but also for society as a whole. The increased incidence of overweight and obesity leads to higher healthcare costs and limits the employment opportunities of individuals, affecting their quality of life. The treatment of obesity encompasses various approaches, including diet, exercise, pharmacotherapy, and surgical bariatric procedures. New and promising methods of treatment include endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG). ESG offers a safe, minimally invasive method that reduces the volume of the stomach and has long-term results in terms of weight reduction. Thanks to significant advances in the field of endoscopy and endoscopic suturing, we can expect new and improved devices to be used in ESG. This will make ESG even safer, less dependent on the expertise of physicians, and its outcomes will significantly approach those of traditional bariatric surgery.
BACKGROUND: Early recognition of sepsis by the EMS (Emergency Medical Services), along with communicating this concern to the emergency department, could improve patient prognosis and outcome. Knowledge is limited about the performance of sepsis identification screening tools in the EMS setting. Research is also limited on the effectiveness of prehospital use of blood tests for sepsis identification. Integrating blood analyses with screening tools could improve sepsis identification, leading to prompt interventions and improved patient outcomes.
AIM: The aim of the present study is firstly to evaluate the performance of various screening tools for sepsis identification in the EMS setting and secondly to assess the potential improvement in accuracy by incorporating blood analyses.
METHODS: This is a retrospective observational cohort study. The data were collected from prehospital and hospital medical records in Region Halland. Data on demographics, vital signs, blood tests, treatment, and outcomes were collected from patients suspected by EMS personnel of having infection. The data were analysed using Student's t-test. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and odds ratio were used to indicate accuracy and predictive value.
RESULTS: In total, 5,405 EMS missions concerning 3,225 unique patients were included. The incidence of sepsis was 9.8%. None of the eleven tools included had both high sensitivity and specificity for sepsis identification. White blood cell (WBC) count was the blood analysis with the highest sensitivity but the lowest specificity for identifying sepsis. Adding WBC, C-reactive protein (CRP) or lactate to the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) increased the specificity to > 80% but substantially lowered the sensitivity.
CONCLUSIONS: Identifying sepsis in EMS settings remains challenging, with existing screening tools offering limited accuracy. CRP, WBC, and lactate blood tests add minimal predictive value in distinguishing sepsis or determining non-conveyance eligibility.
This is a Phase 2, randomized (The study medication is assigned by chance.), 5-arm, open label (All people know the identity of the intervention.), multicentre (study conducted at multiple sites) study. Approximately, 84 participants will be randomized to 5 different arms in a 2:2:1:1:1 ratio. In treatment arms 1 and 2, participants will receive 12 weeks of triple therapy (use of 3 medications) with TMC435 50 or 100 mg once daily plus Peginterferon Alfa-2a and Ribavirin followed by 12 weeks of treatment with Peginterferon Alfa-2a and Ribavirin. In treatment arms 3 and 4, participants will receive 24 weeks of triple therapy with TMC435 50 or 100 mg once daily plus Peginterferon Alfa-2a and Ribavirin. In treatment arm 5 (control group), participants will receive Peginterferon Alfa-2a and Ribavirin for 48 weeks. This study will consist a screening phase of upto 6 weeks, treatment phase of upto 48 weeks and a post treatment follow-up period of 24 weeks. Safety evaluations will include assessment of adverse events, clinical laboratory tests, vital signs, and cardiovascular safety.
Standard non-myeloablative regimens use Fludarabine and low dose total body irradiation (TBI) as pioneered by the Seattle group. Fludarabine is mainly used for its immuno-suppressive properties and has limited anti-leukemic effects. Since, the non-myeloablative and RIC regimens do not include intensive chemotherapy; relapse rates can be higher in RIC regimens compared to full myeloablative regimens. One way to improve overall survival in non-myeloablative / RIC setting is to add more effective anti-leukemia agents to prevent post-transplant relapses, without increasing TRM. Clofarabine, a new purine nucleoside anti-metabolite, has the advantage of significant antileukemic activity in addition to its possible immuno-suppressive properties. Combining Clofarabine with low dose TBI as a non-myeloablative preparative regimen may improve overall outcomes of SCT in advanced hematological malignancies. Therefore, in this study we plan to determine the maximum feasible dose (MFD) of Clofarabine in combination with 2Gy TBI that can achieve durable donor engraftment without causing excessive toxicity. The MFD determined from this pilot will be used in the next phase to study the outcomes after using this combination for SCT in this very high risk population.
Focal epilepsy refers to having seizures arising from a specific part of the brain. In these patients, workup in magnetic resonance imaging is often necessary as patients with structural lesions have a much higher rate of seizures, ranging from 10% to 26% at 1 year and from 29% to 48% at 5 years. However, there is also a subgroup of patients who has epilepsy not adequately controlled by anti-epileptics with unrevealing first MRI study, a dedicated MRI protocol may reveal positive lesion in 30-65% of the cases. In these patients, several tricks can be applied to increase the detection rate. First, the used of a high-resolution MRI on a high-field scanner could be helpful, which can be increased the sensitivity up to 90%. The use of 7T-MRI in further picking up subtle lesions in patients presenting with epilepsy has been investigated, further affirming the role of high resolution MRI imaging. Secondly, the use of dedicated sequences, such as T1-weighted inversion recovery sequences which allow better distinction of grey and white matter, could also reveal subtle lesions such as polymicrogyria or Type 1 focal cortical dysplasia.

This study is therefore aimed to apply the findings to the local settings, and specifically to investigate if T1-weighted inversion recovery sequences provides additional benefit in picking up more subtle lesions in patients who had an initial first negative MRI.
The efficacy of VIJOICE was assessed in EPIK-P1 (NCT04285723), a single-arm clinical study in patients who were treated as part of an expanded access program for compassionate use which enrolled patients across seven sites in five countries (France, Spain, US, Ireland, and Australia). Eligible patients 2 years of age and older with PIK3CA-Related Overgrowth Spectrum (PROS) who received VIJOICE had clinical manifestations of PROS that were assessed by the treating physician as severe or life-threatening and necessitating systemic treatment and had documented evidence of mutation in the PIK3CA gene. Patients received VIJOICE at dosages based on age ranging from 50 mg to 250 mg orally once daily.

The efficacy of VIJOICE was evaluated in a total of 37 patients with at least one target lesion identified on imaging performed within 24 weeks prior to receipt of the first dose of VIJOICE. The median age of patients was 14 years (range: 2 to 38); 22% of patients were 2 to 5 years, 22% were 6 to 11 years, 27% were 12 to less than 18 years of age, and 30% were ≥ 18 years; 57% were female, 11% were White and race was not reported for 89%. Ninety-two percent of patients had congenital overgrowth and 8% had early childhood-onset. Patients had heterogeneous manifestations of PROS, including CLOVES (81%), Megalencephaly-Capillary Malformation Polymicrogyria (MCAP; 8%), Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome (KTS; 2.7%), Facial Infiltrating Lipomatosis (FIL; 8%), and Other (5%). Five percent (5%) of patients had concurrent manifestations of CLOVES and MCAP.

The major efficacy outcome measure for the study was the proportion of patients with radiological response at Week 24 as determined by blinded independent central review (BICR), defined as a ≥ 20% reduction from baseline in the sum of measurable target lesion volume (1 to 3 lesions) confirmed by at least one subsequent imaging assessment, in the absence of a ≥ 20% increase from baseline in any target lesion, progression of non-target lesions, or appearance of a new lesion. An additional efficacy outcome measure was duration of response, defined as the time from the first documented response to the date of the first documented disease progression or death due to any cause.

Efficacy results are presented in Table 12.
BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of primary small intestinal lymphoma (PSIL) is difficult. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, radiological and endoscopic characteristics of PSIL and provide clue for diagnosis.
METHODS: A total of 30 patients diagnosed with PSIL who underwent double balloon endoscopy (DBE) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical, radiological and endoscopic data were collected. Univariate analysis was used to determine significant indicators for differentiating three main subtypes of PSIL. Cox regression analysis was performed to assess the risk factors for survival.
RESULTS: In this study, 10 patients were pathologically diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 11 were indolent B-cell lymphoma (BCL) and 9 were T-cell lymphoma (TCL). Compared with DLBCL patients, the body mass index (BMI) of TCL patients was significantly lower (p = 0.004). Meanwhile, compared with patients with DLBCL, the patients with indolent BCL had lower levels of C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), fibrinogen and D-Dimer (p = 0.004, p = 0.004, p = 0.006, and p = 0.002, respectively), and lower proportion of thicker intestinal wall and aneurysmal dilation in CT scan (p = 0.003 and p = 0.020, respectively). In terms of ulcer morphology, patients with DLBCL had significantly higher proportion of deep ulcers than patients with indolent BCL (p = 0.020, respectively). Cox regression analysis showed that drink (p = 0.034), concomitant colonic ulcers (p = 0.034) and elevated LDH (p = 0.043) are risk factors for mortality in patients with PSIL.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides clinical characteristics of patients with PSIL. Thicker intestinal wall and aneurismal dilation detected on CT scan and deeper ulcer on DBE examination helps to establish a diagnosis of DLBCL.
Busulfan test dose of 32 mg/m2 by vein on Day -10 if inpatient, on Day -12 if outpatient, then AUC of 4,000 microMol.min on Days -8 to -5. Palifermin 60 microgram/kg by vein on Days -12 to -10 and Days 0, +1 and +2. SAHA 1,000 mg by mouth on Days -8 to -3. Gemcitabine loading dose of 75 mg/m2 followed by continuous infusion of the remaining dose of 1875 mg/m2 by vein on Days -8 and -3. Carfilzomib 27 mg/m2 by vein on Days -7 and -6, then on Days -2 and -1. SAHA 1,000 mg by mouth on Days -7 to -3. Melphalan 60 mg/m2 by vein on Days -3 and -2. Stem cell transplant on Day 0. Dexamethasone 8 mg by vein twice a day from Day -9 PM to Day -2 PM. Caphosol oral rinses 30 mL four times a day from Day -9 until discharge. Oral glutamine 15 g four times a day, swished, gargled and spit on Day -9 until discharge. Pyridoxine 100 mg by vein or mouth three times a day from Day -1.
BACKGROUND: Diarrhea is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide among all ages, and one of the leading causes of poor health and premature death in the developing world. Microorganisms, such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites, are responsible for enteric infections among children. Excessive and inappropriate use of antimicrobial drugs and poor infection control practices have transformed antimicrobial resistance into a serious threat to public health worldwide. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the prevalence of enteric pathogens and the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacterial pathogens.
OBJECTIVE: Assess the prevalence of enteric pathogens associated with diarrhea in children under 5 years at the Bule Hora Health Facility in 2021.
METHODS: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2021 to July 2021 in a Bule Hora Health Centre and Hospital. A total of 422 children with diarrhea were included in the study in the outpatient department. Sociodemographic and associated factors were evaluated using a pre-tested questionnaire. A sufficient amount of stool specimens was collected following standard microbiological procedures. An antigen detection kit was used to diagnose rotaviruses, parasites were examined using microscopy, and bacterial identification was carried out by culture and biochemical tests. The antibiotic susceptibility test of the bacterial isolates was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The p-value less than 0.05 was declared statistically significant.
RESULTS: The overall prevalence of enteropathogens in children under 5 years of age was 17%, with no mixed infections detected. Of this, 7.8% of the children's stool samples contained bacterial pathogens, 5% tested positive for rotavirus, and 4.2% contained intestinal parasites. Unprotected drinking water sources, poor carrier hand washing practices, and poor cleaning of utensils for child feeding were factors significantly associated with the prevalence of enteropathogens. Bacterial isolates have shown a high prevalence of resistance to amoxicillin.
CONCLUSION: Therefore, it is important to take steps to reduce the spread of enteric pathogens among children under 5 years practicing good hygiene, ensuring sanitation, and providing clean drinking water. We recommend performing antimicrobial susceptibility tests before prescribing treatment to children with diarrhea.
OBJECTIVE: The Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) are established biomarkers that are associated with the severity, progression, and fatality of diseases. This study aimed to determine their predictive value for the occurrence of stress ulcers (SU) following surgery for acute cerebral hemorrhage.
METHODS: Retrospective data from 210 patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage hospitalized between June 2020 and March 2023 were analyzed. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the occurrence of SU post-surgery: the SU group (42 patients) and the non-SU group (168 patients). Clinical characteristics of both groups were compared, and a multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify independent risk factors for SU. The study evaluated the predictive value of NLR and PLR, individually and in combination, for predicting SU using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves.
RESULTS: We observed significant differences between the SU and non-SU groups in several parameters, including GCS score, absolute neutrophils, NLR, PLR, postoperative tracheotomy, and intracranial infection (P < 0.05). Our multivariate logistic regression analysis identified four independent risk factors for SU in patients undergoing surgery for acute cerebral hemorrhage: GCS score, NLR, PLR, and fasting blood glucose (P < 0.05). Furthermore, ROC analysis demonstrated that the combination of NLR and PLR exhibited the highest AUC, sensitivity, and specificity in predicting SU following surgery for acute cerebral hemorrhage (P < 0.001), with values of 0.864 (95 % CI: 0.776-0.953), 0.778 (95 % CI: 0.658-0.899), and 0.941 (95 % CI: 0.889-0.993) respectively.
CONCLUSION: This study highlighted the combined application of PLR and NLR as a significant predictor of SU in patients post-acute cerebral hemorrhage surgery.
Mutations in various type II transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS) family members are associated with non-syndromic hearing loss, with some mechanisms still unclear. For instance, the mechanism underlying profound hearing loss and tectorial membrane (TM) malformations in hepsin/TMPRSS1 knockout (KO) mice remains elusive. In this study, we confirmed significantly elevated hearing thresholds and abnormal TM morphology in hepsin KO mice, characterized by enlarged TM with gaps and detachment from the spiral limbus. Transgenic mouse lines were created to express either wild-type or a serine protease-dead mutant of human hepsin in the KO background. The Tg68;KO line, expressing moderate levels of wild-type human hepsin in the cochlea, showed partial restoration of hearing function. Conversely, the Tg5;KO or TgRS;KO lines, with undetectable hepsin or protease-dead hepsin, did not show such improvement. Histological analyses revealed that Tg68;KO mice, but not Tg5;KO or TgRS;KO mice, had a more compact TM structure, partially attached to the spiral limbus. These results indicate that hepsin expression levels correlate with improvements in hearing and TM morphology, and its protease activity is critical for these effects. Hepsin's role was further examined by studying its relationship with α-tectorin (TECTA) and β-tectorin (TECTB), non-collagenous proteins crucial for TM formation. Hepsin was co-expressed with TECTA and TECTB in the developing cochlear epithelium. Immunostaining showed decreased levels of TECTA and TECTB in hepsin KO TM, partially restored in Tg68;KO mice. These findings suggest that hepsin is essential for proper TM morphogenesis and auditory function, potentially by proteolytic processing/maturation of TECTA and TECTB and their incorporation into the TM.
A method includes detecting a startup of an apheresis machine; in response to detecting start up, transmitting data to a server; determining, based on the data, whether software of the apheresis machine is current; receiving, in response to the data, a response from the server; and preventing usage of apheresis machine if the response indicates the software is not current. The data transmitted to the server may include one or more of a data log, a firmware version identifier, and an error log. The response may include a lockout signal. The response may include a software update. The software update may include a firmware update. The method may include automatically initiating installation of the software update. The method may include ceasing prevention of usage of the apheresis machine following installation of the software update.
Investigational product will be provided as a topical cream containing 1.5% PEA and participants will be asked to apply to their affected site 2 times daily for 4 weeks. Cream should be applied liberally (as you would a moisturiser cream) such to coat the affected area and absorb into the skin.
Cardiovascular diseases are a rampant public health threat. Environmental contaminants, such as Cadmium (Cd), a toxic metal, are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Given that human exposure to Cd is increasing, there is a need for therapies to ameliorate Cd toxicity. Selenium (Se), an essential trace element, has been proposed to rescue the effects of Cd toxicity, with mixed effects. Se's narrow therapeutic window necessitates precise dosing to avoid toxicity. Here, we assessed the effects of various waterborne Cd and Se concentrations and sequences on cardiac function using zebrafish (Danio rerio). We showed that Cd induced pericardial edemas and modified heart rates in zebrafish larvae in a concentration-dependent manner. To identify the therapeutic range of Se for Cd-induced cardiotoxicity, zebrafish embryos were treated with 0, 10, 50, 100, 150, or 200 μg/L Se for 1-4 days prior to exposure to 2.5 and 5 μg/L Cd. We found that a 50 µg/L Se pre-treatment before 2.5 μg/L Cd, but not 5 μg/L Cd, reduced the prevalence of pericardial edemas and ameliorated Cd-induced bradycardia in zebrafish. Zebrafish exposed to 10 and 50 μg/L of Se for up to 4 days showed typical heart morphology, whereas other Se-exposed and control fish presented pericardial edemas. Longer Se pre-treatment durations led to fewer incidences of pericardial edemas. Overall, this study highlights the importance of optimizing Se concentrations and pre-treatment periods to harness its protective effects against Cd-induced cardiotoxicity. These findings provide insights into potential therapeutic strategies for reducing Cd-related cardiovascular damage in humans.