anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Quantifying transmission intensity and heterogeneity is crucial to ascertain the threat posed by infectious diseases and inform the design of interventions. Methods that jointly estimate the reproduction number R and the dispersion parameter k have however mainly remained limited to the analysis of epidemiological clusters or contact tracing data, whose collection often proves difficult. Here, we show that clusters of identical sequences are imprinted by the pathogen offspring distribution, and we derive an analytical formula for the distribution of the size of these clusters. We develop and evaluate an inference framework to jointly estimate the reproduction number and the dispersion parameter from the size distribution of clusters of identical sequences. We then illustrate its application across a range of epidemiological situations. Finally, we develop a hypothesis testing framework relying on clusters of identical sequences to determine whether a given pathogen genetic subpopulation is associated with increased or reduced transmissibility. Our work provides tools to estimate the reproduction number and transmission heterogeneity from pathogen sequences without building a phylogenetic tree, thus making it easily scalable to large pathogen genome datasets.
Targeted task practice is defined as a therapy program aimed at patient-specific upper extremity motor impairment levels and systematically progressed to assure an ongoing "just right" match between task-difficulty and patient-ability. Participants attended occupational therapy 3 times per week for 4 weeks. Each therapy session was 2 hours in length.
Elongated seamless capsules containing biological material are prepared by a method in which a coagulant, which includes a cell suspension or other biological material, and a polymeric casting solution are extruded through a common extrusion port having at least two concentric bores, such that the coagulant is extruded through an inner bore and the polymeric casting solution is extruded through an outer bore. Extrusion of the coagulant is initiated subsequent to initiating delivery of the casting solution to form a capsule having a curved and smooth leading edge shape. Delivery of the coagulant is then shut off, and extrusion of the casting solution is terminated either immediately or after some predetermined time. This procedure can be modified to form in the capsule a coaxial rod that is connected to one end but not the other end of the capsule. This is accomplished by drawing casting solution into the inner bore after initiating extrusion of the casting solution through the outer bore, and then initiating delivery of the coagulant through the inner bore so as to coagulate the casting solution therein and form a rod, and ejecting the rod from the inner bore by pressure of the coagulant. Delivery of the coagulant and casting solution are then terminated as described above.
The present invention relates to a dietotherapeutic product of Western medicine for preventing true myopia and a manufacturing method of the product, and the product is composed of official western medicine dietotherapeutic vitamins, trace elements and mineral compositions. The present invention has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, no environmental pollution, no difference on people and age, good taste and low dosage and affirmative effects and can be easily accepted by patients. Eyes are windows of the soul and are in the first position in the five sense organs, and everyone is eager to have a pair of healthy eyes with good eyesight. However, half of the population or so in the world suffers from eye diseases, wherein more than 40 million people are blind; if effective measures are not taken, the population of people suffering from eye diseases can be increased manyfold, and everyone can be threatened by eye diseases, for example, the unhealthy rate of the sight of pupils in China on the basis of students with myopia in primary and secondary schools is 18.57%, and the rate of myopia is 13.35%; the rate of junior high school students with poor sight is 45.04%, and the rate of myopia is 37.44%; the rate of senior middle school students with poor sight is 67.29%, and the rate of myopia is 61.5%. The problem of myopia is generally concerned by the whole society. Thus, the present invention has very important practical value and positive present-day and long-term significance for preventing myopia and improving and enhancing healthy conditions of eyes and eyesight.
Bexarotene gel 1% contains bexarotene and is intended for topical application only. Bexarotene is a member of a subclass of retinoids that selectively activate retinoid X receptors (RXRs). These retinoid receptors have biologic activity distinct from that of retinoic acid receptors (RARs).

The chemical name is 4-[1-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3,5,5,8,8-pentamethyl-2-naphthalenyl)ethenyl] benzoic acid, and the structural formula is as follows:

Bexarotene is an off-white to white powder with a molecular weight of 348.48 and a molecular formula of C24H28O2. It is insoluble in water and slightly soluble in vegetable oils and ethanol, USP.

Bexarotene gel is a clear gelled solution containing 1.0% (w/w) bexarotene in a base of dehydrated alcohol, USP, polyethylene glycol 400, NF, hydroxypropyl cellulose, NF, and butylated hydroxytoluene, NF.
Antenatal care (ANC) is an important entry point for subsequent use of delivery and postnatal care (PNC) services. When women receive high-quality ANC, they will have skilled birth attendant (SBA) at delivery and continue to receive postnatal care. Continuous uptake of above services is necessary to improve health and well being of maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH). Moreover, the continuum of Care (CoC) offers the critical entry point for women and children for preventive care and health promotion on noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). ANC and PNC visits for women and a series of immunization for children are crucial opportunities to provide integrated services of NCDs. The integration of NCDs prevention and control programs in MNCH services would empower women to control NCDs in their families. However, no study has examined the effect of antenatal health education on CoC on completion of CoC among mothers in Myanmar. In addition, no study has examined the effect of antenatal health education on NCDs and nutrition on knowledge on NCDs and nutrition, and on maternal complications among mothers in Myanmar.

A cluster randomized controlled trial will be done among pregnant women living in study area. The unit of randomization in this study will be "rural health center (RHC)". In each RHC, there are at least four Sub-centers (SCs). RHC including SCs will be considered as one cluster. The investigators will advocate midwives (MW) on the CoC in MNCH and introduce the CoC card. The investigators will also recruit and train Public Health Supervisors 2 (PHS2) in each cluster to provide health education to pregnant women on CoC in MNCH, NCDs and nutrition.

We will conduct the study in three townships (Pantanaw, Inapu, Wakema,) in Ayeyarwaddy region, Myanmar from May 2017 to March 2018. There are a total of 22 health facilities. Out of 22 health facilities in 3 townships, eleven will be allocated into intervention arm and another 11 into control arm. An analyst, who will not be a primary member of the study team, will conduct randomization of clusters using computer-generated random sequences. Estimated sample size of 1200 pregnant women will be recruited, roughly 400 pregnant women in each township. The investigators estimate that about 28 women will seek ANC within one month in each cluster. In total of 22 clusters, the investigators estimate 600 women will seek ANC within one month; therefore, the enrollment period will take two months to get the targeted sample size of 1,200 pregnant women.
The safety and efficacy of DUAVEE as a treatment for moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause was established in a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (Study 3). Study 3 enrolled a total of 318 women, age 42–64 (mean age of 53 years), who had at least 7 moderate to severe hot flushes per day or at least 50 per week at baseline. The mean number of years since menopause was 4.5 years with all women undergoing natural menopause. A total of 127 women were assigned to DUAVEE and 63 women were assigned to placebo.

In Study 3, DUAVEE significantly reduced the number and severity of moderate to severe hot flushes, as measured by the daily severity score, compared with placebo at Weeks 4 and 12. The change from baseline in the number and severity of moderate to severe hot flushes observed and the difference from placebo in Study 3 are shown in Table 3.
Radiation therapy (RT) has been a primary treatment modality in cancer for decades. Increasing evidence suggests that RT can induce an immunosuppressive shift via upregulation of cells such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). MDSCs inhibit antitumor immunity through potent immunosuppressive mechanisms and have the potential to be crucial tools for cancer prognosis and treatment. MDSCs interact with many different pathways, desensitizing tumor tissue and interacting with tumor cells to promote therapeutic resistance. Vascular damage induced by RT triggers an inflammatory signaling cascade and potentiates hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment (TME). RT can also drastically modify cytokine and chemokine signaling in the TME to promote the accumulation of MDSCs. RT activation of the cGAS-STING cytosolic DNA sensing pathway recruits MDSCs through a CCR2-mediated mechanism, inhibiting the production of type 1 interferons and hampering antitumor activity and immune surveillance in the TME. The upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor mobilizes MDSCs to the TME. After recruitment, MDSCs promote immunosuppression by releasing reactive oxygen species and upregulating nitric oxide production through inducible nitric oxide synthase expression to inhibit cytotoxic activity. Overexpression of arginase-1 on subsets of MDSCs degrades L-arginine and downregulates CD3ζ, inhibiting T-cell receptor reactivity. This review explains how radiation promotes tumor resistance through activation of immunosuppressive MDSCs in the TME and discusses current research targeting MDSCs, which could serve as a promising clinical treatment strategy in the future.
Midwives and nurses working in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) are in a unique position to support the breastfeeding process and breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers whose babies are hospitalized in the NICU. Health care professionals can use a variety of methods to support mothers' breastfeeding self-efficacy and encourage breastfeeding. Individualized interventions, breastfeeding education, and motivational interviewing are some of them. Motivational interviewing is basically a client-centered psychosocial intervention that helps individuals discover and resolve ambivalent feelings about health behaviors, learn new skills, and improve existing skills. In the breastfeeding process, the mother's motivation and positive intention are shown to be important indicators of breastfeeding continuation.

Health education about breastfeeding provided by neonatal intensive care nurses to mothers whose babies are hospitalized in the NICU for various reasons is one of the important initiatives of nurses. The contribution of health education planned with effective educational techniques for both mother and baby is undoubtedly very valuable. However, one of the important variables that should not be forgotten in the success of this education provided by the nurse is motivation, which also affects the self-efficacy of mothers regarding breastfeeding. In order to ensure the readiness of mothers to be educated about the breastfeeding process and breastfeeding of the infant hospitalized in the NICU, it would be appropriate to support the health education planned for mothers whose infants are hospitalized in the NICU with a motivational interviewing intervention. Based on this information, the planned research will examine the effect of motivational interviewing-based breastfeeding education provided to mothers whose infants are hospitalized in the NICU on mothers' breastfeeding motivation and breastfeeding self-efficacy.
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent programmed cell death form resulting from lipid peroxidation damage, it plays a key role in organ damage and tumor development from various causes. Sepsis leads to severe host response after infection with high mortality. The long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are involved in different pathophysiological mechanisms of multiple diseases. Here, we used cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) operation to mimic sepsis induced myocardial injury (SIMI) in mouse model, and LncRNAs and mRNAs were profiled by Arraystar mouse LncRNA Array V3.0. Based on the microarray results, 552 LncRNAs and 520 mRNAs were differentially expressed in the sham and CLP groups, among them, LncRNA Lcn2-204 was the highest differentially expressed up-regulated LncRNA. Iron metabolism disorder was involved in SIMI by bioinformatics analysis, meanwhile, myocardial iron content and lipocalin-2 (Lcn2) protein expressions were increased. The CNC network comprised 137 positive interactions and 138 negative interactions. Bioinformatics analysis showed several iron-related terms were enriched and six genes (Scara5, Tfrc, Lcn2, Cp, Clic5, Ank1) were closely associated with iron metabolism. Then, we constructed knockdown LncRNA Lcn2-204 targeting myocardium and found that it ameliorated cardiac injury in mouse sepsis model through modulating iron overload and ferroptosis. In addition, we found that LncRNA Lcn2-204 was involved in the regulation of Lcn2 expression in septic myocardial injury. Based on these findings, we conclude that iron overload and ferroptosis are the key mechanisms leading to myocardial injury in sepsis, knockdown of LncRNA Lcn2-204 plays the cardioprotective effect through inhibition of iron overload, ferroptosis and Lcn2 expression. It may provide a novel therapeutic approach to ameliorate sepsis-induced myocardial injury.
Dexamethasone will be given orally to all consented participants. Two doses will be administered within 12-48 hours, with at least the 1st dose administered during the bronchiolitis hospitalization. If the participant is discharged before the 2nd dose, it will be administered at home.
INTRODUCTION: The use of antibiotic-laden bone cement (ALBC) for infection prophylaxis in the setting of primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains controversial. Using data from the American Joint Replacement Registry (AJRR), (1) we examined the demographics of ALBC usage in the United States and (2) identified the effect of prophylactic commercially available ALBC on early revision and readmission for prosthetic joint infection (PJI) after primary TKA.
METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of the AJRR from 2017 to 2020. Patients older than 65 years undergoing primary cemented TKA with or without the use of commercially available antibiotic cement were eligible for inclusion (N = 251,506 patients). Data were linked to available Medicare claims to maximize revision outcomes. Demographics including age, sex, race/ethnicity, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), preoperative inflammatory arthritis, region, and body mass index (BMI) class were recorded. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the two outcome measures and ALBC usage.
RESULTS: Patients undergoing cemented TKA with ALBC were more likely to be Non-Hispanic Black ( P < 0.001), have a CCI of 2 or 3 ( P < 0.001), reside in the South ( P < 0.001), and had a higher mean BMI ( P < 0.001). In the regression models, ALBC usage was associated with increased risk of 90-day revision for PJI (hazards ratio 2.175 [95% confidence interval] 1.698 to 2.787) ( P < 0.001) and was not associated with 90-day all-cause readmissions. Male sex, higher CCI, and BMI >35 were all independently associated with 90-day revision for PJI.
DISCUSSION: The use of commercial ALBC in patients older than 65 years for primary TKA in the AJRR was not closely associated with underlying comorbidities suggesting that hospital-level and surgeon-level factors influence its use. In addition, ALBC use did not decrease the risk of 90-day revision for PJI and was not associated with 90-day readmission rates.
The invention provides an antibacterial peptide targeting gram-negative bacteria, and a preparation method and application thereof. The sequence of the antibacterial peptide F1-2 is shown in SEQ ID No. 1. The invention takes the 119-132 fragment of the human myelogenous sample protein MD-2 as a basic fragment and utilizes the arginine site-directed mutagenesis technology to construct the antibacterial peptide F1-2 targeting gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial peptide F1-2 has strong antibacterial ability to gram-negative bacteria, and can completely eliminate the gram-negative bacteria at a lower concentration. In the mixed microbial community, the antibacterial peptide F1-2 has extremely strong selectivity on gram-negative bacteria, can specifically kill the gram-negative bacteria, has small influence on the gram-positive bacteria, and has good biocompatibility of the F1-2. The invention also discloses application of the antibacterial peptide F1-2 in preparing a medicament for treating infectious diseases caused by gram-negative bacteria.
For patients in this group,best available treatment without colistin is used. Ceftazidime-avibactam, tigecycline combined with metroperan or imipenem（MIC≤8mg/L）, tigecycline combined with aminoglycosides (amikacin) are suggested to treat patients diagnosed with hospital-acquired pneumonia or bloodstream infection caused by carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae.Dose of other drugs are listed below: 1-2g meropenem should be given every 8 hours，1g Imipenem every 8 hours or 6 hours，0.8g Amikacin everyday，2.5g ceftazidime-avibactam every 8 hours. A load dose of 200mg tigecycline is needed, followed by 100mg every 12 hours.
Bharat Biotech International Ltd's licensed rotavirus vaccine, ROTAVAC® is a live, attenuated G9P\[11\] monovalent vaccine at a dose of 0.5mL containing NLT log 10\^5.0 focus forming units (FFU) per dose. ROTAVAC® is in frozen form and is thawed till fully liquid prior to administration.
Recombinant TGF-ß2 monomers engineered to prevent dimerization and block TGF-ß signaling are described. The engineered monomers lack the ability to bind and recruit TGF-ß type I receptor (TbRI), but retain the capacity to bind the high affinity TGF-ß type II receptor (TbRII). The TGF-ß2 monomers also include additional modifications that increase their affinity for TbRII, reduce their aggregation and/or improve their folding. Nucleic acid molecules and vectors encoding the recombinant TGF-ß2 monomers are also described. Isolated cells, such as T cells, can be re-programmed with a TGF-ß2 monomer-encoding nucleic acid or vector to secrete the monomer. Use of the recombinant TGF-ß2 monomers and/or cells producing the recombinant TGF-ß2 monomers, to inhibit TGF-ß signaling, such as to treat disorders associated with aberrant TGF-ß signaling, are also described.
The invention relates to a medical application of E1A activated gene repressor (CREG) protein, and relates to a medical application of CREG protein in the promotion of platelet generation through megakaryocyte maturation and differentiation. Use of a CREG protein in the manufacture of a medicament for the prevention and/or treatment of a hematological disorder. Use of an agent for detecting the expression level of a CREG protein in the manufacture of a kit for diagnosis of a disease in the blood system. Experiments prove that the CREG gene knockout mouse bone marrow megakaryocyte maturation obstacle and polyploidization are hindered. At a cytological level, the expression level of CREG is gradually increased in the maturation of Dami cells; the reduction of CREG can significantly affect the expression of the megakaryocyte-specific marker protein CD41a/CD62P and the cellular polyploid process is impaired. The exogenous recombinant CREG protein can promote the process of cell polyploidization and improve the expression of CD41a/CD 62P. The C/EBP beta is combined with a CREG protein promoter region to regulate the expression of CREG. Therefore, CREG proteins are able to promote the mature differentiation of megakaryocytes and possibly the production of platelets.
Enrollment: Consent, medical history, and dietary education. Randomization. treatment Metformin 500mg daily and increased as tolerated to 2000 mg daily over three weeks or control -no treatment. 6 weeks. Pre procedure safety labs, EKG, Atrial Fibrillation Severity Score survey, metformin held 48 hours prior to rhythm control procedure. Treatment resumed 48 hours post procedure or when renal function at baseline. Treatment plan for 6 months or discontinuation at any time they are found to meet the baseline exclusion criteria. Follow-up at 3 month and 6 month post procedure. Continuation of treatment at study completion determined by primary cardiologist or care provider.
SERIOUS INFECTIONS

Patients treated with adalimumab products, including SIMLANDI, are at increased risk for developing serious infections that may lead to hospitalization or death [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. Most patients who developed these infections were taking concomitant immunosuppressants such as methotrexate or corticosteroids. 

Discontinue SIMLANDI if a patient develops a serious infection or sepsis.

Reported infections include:

  * Active tuberculosis (TB), including reactivation of latent TB. Patients with TB have frequently presented with disseminated or extrapulmonary disease. Test patients for latent TB before SIMLANDI use and during therapy. Initiate treatment for latent TB prior to SIMLANDI use.
  * Invasive fungal infections, including histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, candidiasis, aspergillosis, blastomycosis, and pneumocystosis. Patients with histoplasmosis or other invasive fungal infections may present with disseminated, rather than localized, disease. Antigen and antibody testing for histoplasmosis may be negative in some patients with active infection. Consider empiric anti-fungal therapy in patients at risk for invasive fungal infections who develop severe systemic illness.
  * Bacterial, viral and other infections due to opportunistic pathogens, including Legionella and Listeria.



Carefully consider the risks and benefits of treatment with SIMLANDI prior to initiating therapy in patients with chronic or recurrent infection.

Monitor patients closely for the development of signs and symptoms of infection during and after treatment with SIMLANDI, including the possible development of TB in patients who tested negative for latent TB infection prior to initiating therapy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. 

MALIGNANCY

Lymphoma and other malignancies, some fatal, have been reported in children and adolescent patients treated with TNF blockers including adalimumab products [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. Post-marketing cases of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL), a rare type of T-cell lymphoma, have been reported in patients treated with TNF blockers including adalimumab products. These cases have had a very aggressive disease course and have been fatal. The majority of reported TNF blocker cases have occurred in patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis and the majority were in adolescent and young adult males. Almost all these patients had received treatment with azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) concomitantly with a TNF blocker at or prior to diagnosis. It is uncertain whether the occurrence of HSTCL is related to use of a TNF blocker or a TNF blocker in combination with these other immunosuppressants [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].