anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The popularity of functional ingredients such as probiotics and postbiotics has increased as pet owners seek ways to improve the health quality and longevity of their pets. Limited research has been conducted regarding the use of probiotics and postbiotics and their effects on canine health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of daily supplementation of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145, in both live probiotic (PRO) and heat-treated postbiotic (POST) forms, on fecal fermentative end-products and microbiome, insulin sensitivity, serum gut hormones, oxidative stress, inflammatory biomarkers, and white blood cell gene expression of adult dogs. Eighteen adult beagles and 18 adult English pointers were used in a double-blinded placebo-controlled parallel group design, with 12 animals per group (6 English pointers and 6 beagles). The study began with a 60 d adaptation period followed by a 90 d period of daily supplementation with either PRO, POST, or placebo (maltodextrin; CON). Longitudinal assessment of body weight, body condition score, and pelvic circumference did not differ among dietary supplements (P > 0.05). Throughout the experimental period, fecal scores did not differ (P > 0.05); however, fecal pH was lower (P = 0.0049) in the dogs fed POST compared with CON. A higher fecal concentration of propionate (P = 0.043) was observed in dogs fed PRO and POST when compared with CON. While PRO and POST supplementation were associated with changes in bacterial composition at the family and genus level, the overall richness and diversity of the microbiome were not significantly affected. Functional analysis of the metagenome also suggests that PRO and POST supplementation induced potentially beneficial changes in the abundance of pathways involved in pathogenicity, amino acid biosynthesis, and DNA repair. No differences in glycemic or insulinemic responses were observed among the groups (P > 0.05). Dogs supplemented with PRO had a higher (P < 0.05) mean white blood cell leptin relative fold gene expression compared with groups POST and CON. Serum metabolites and complete blood cell counts were within normal ranges and all dogs remained healthy throughout the study. Together, these data suggest that the PRO and POST can safely be supplemented for dogs. Moreover, the results of this study support further investigation of the role of PRO and POST in supporting parameters related to gut health and hormonal regulation.
Inhibition of nerve growth normally helps to prevent aberrant pathway or target selection, but also prevents needed regeneration in the mammalian central nervous system. The responsible inhibitory ligands are unknown, but pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins, which are enriched in growth cones, appear to be involved in causing the responding growth cones to collapse. GAP-43 is an intracellular protein that can amplify the response to the stimulation of G protein-coupled receptors. We have attempted to modify the sensitivity of nerves to inhibitory signals by the use of GAP-43 peptides. The peptide corresponding to the native amino terminus sequence stimulates G o  and enhances the growth cone collapse induced by inhibitory ligands. Modification of two critical cysteines generates peptides which inhibit G o  and which markedly reduce the degree of inhibitor-mediated growth cone collapse.
FIELD: organic chemistry, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to pharmaceutically active agents. Invention describes derivative of 10,11-methanedibenzosuberane of the general formula (I)   where A means   where R a  means H, OH or lower acyloxy-group or   where one of R a  or R b  means H, OH or lower acyloxy-group and other means H;   means H, F, Cl or Br;   means H, F, Cl or Br; R 3  means heteroaryl-group consisting of two condensed rings containing from 1 to 3 heteroatoms taken among N, O or S, or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. These compounds show antitumor activity and are useful for treatment of oncological patients, in part, for enhancement of conceptional methods of cancer chemotherapy and for prophylaxis of resistance to a great number of drugs. Invention describes also method of overcoming the resistance to antitumor drugs and method of treatment of oncological patients. EFFECT: improved method of treatment. 17 cl
Bexarotene was evaluated in two clinical trials in 152 patients with advanced and early stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) in two multicenter, open-label, historically-controlled clinical trials conducted in the U.S., Canada, Europe, and Australia.

The advanced disease patients had disease refractory to at least one prior systemic therapy (median of two, range one to six prior systemic therapies) and had been treated with a median of five (range 1 to 11) prior systemic, irradiation, and/or topical therapies. Early disease patients were intolerant to, had disease that was refractory to, or had reached a response plateau of six months on, at least two prior therapies. The patients entered had been treated with a median of 3.5 (range 2 to 12) therapies (systemic, irradiation, and/or topical).

The two clinical trials enrolled a total of 152 patients, 102 of whom had disease refractory to at least one prior systemic therapy, 90 with advanced disease and 12 with early disease. This is the patient population for whom bexarotene is indicated.

Patients were initially treated with a starting dose of 650 mg/m2/day with a subsequent reduction of starting dose to 500 mg/m2/day. Neither of these starting doses was tolerated, and the starting dose was then reduced to 300 mg/m2/day. If, however, a patient on 300 mg/m2/day of bexarotene showed no response after eight or more weeks of therapy, the dose could be increased to 400 mg/m2/day.

Tumor response was assessed in both trials by observation of up to five baseline-defined index lesions using a Composite Assessment of Index Lesion Disease Severity (CA). This endpoint was based on a summation of the grades, for all index lesions, of erythema, scaling, plaque elevation, hypopigmentation or hyperpigmentation, and area of involvement. Also considered in response assessment was the presence or absence of cutaneous tumors and extracutaneous disease manifestations.

All tumor responses required confirmation over at least two assessments separated by at least four weeks. A partial response was defined as an improvement of at least 50% in the index lesions without worsening, or development of new cutaneous tumors or non-cutaneous manifestations. A complete clinical response required complete disappearance of all manifestations of disease, but did not require confirmation by biopsy.

At the initial dose of 300 mg/m2/day, 1/62 (1.6%) of patients had a complete clinical tumor response and 19/62 (30%) of patients had a partial tumor response. The rate of relapse (25% increase in CA or worsening of other aspects of disease) in the 20 patients who had a tumor response was 6/20 (30%) over a median duration of observation of 21 weeks, and the median duration of tumor response had not been reached. Responses were seen as early as 4 weeks and new responses continued to be seen at later visits.
Patients are told to sit on the chair with a magnetic coil below the chair. When a volume conductor is inserted by this magnetic ﬁeld, an eddy current ﬂow is generated. This eddy current stimulates nerve or muscle of the pelvic ﬂoor. To apply MS, the device was set to generate its maximum stimuli, with a stimulation pulse width of 200 μs and a stimulation repetition cycle of 10 Hz in accordance with the literature. When setting the device at each treatment session, patients were interviewed so that they received stimuli at the maximum stimulation intensity (maximum tolerable stimulation intensity) .
Provided is a biocompatible alloy having low magnetic susceptibility and excellent mechanical properties. The biocompatible alloy according to the present invention contains: Zr as a main component; Nb of not less than 0.1% by mass and not greater than 25% by mass; Mo of not less than 0.1% by mass and not greater than 25% by mass; and Ta of not less than 0.1% by mass and not greater than 25% by mass. A total content of Nb, Mo, and Ta in the biocompatible alloy is not less than 2% by mass and not greater than 50% by mass. The biocompatible alloy has a mass susceptibility of not greater than 1.50×10 −6  cm 3 /g. The biocompatible alloy has a Young's Modulus of not greater than 100 GPa. Various biocompatible implants and medical devices can be manufactured from the biocompatible alloy.
All participants will serve as their own control. All participants will receive both the P6 Low Adherent Dressings and the Standard of Care (SOC).
The experimental condition is a 4-session + 3 month booster intervention. Session 1 includes an introduction to the project, goal setting, assessment of disclosure strategies or tactics utilized, and disclosure triggers. Session 2 focuses on the costs and benefits of disclosing to casual sexual partners and previous best and worst disclosure experiences. Session 3 begins with the delivery of the encouraging messages and review of the disclosure strategies already employed. Session 4 is a continuation of session 3 activities with an additional focus on expanding the participant's repertoire of strategies; discussion of methods of sexual negotiation, and rehearsal. The booster session includes a discussion of what strategies have been used in the preceding months, which strategies worked and how can these be enhanced, which strategies did not work with opportunities for troubleshooting, and an examination of rewards experienced or costs encountered.
BACKGROUND: Dialysis patients are at high risk for surgery, but their outcomes after splenectomy are unclear. We compared postoperative complications between dialysis and non-dialysis patients.
METHODS: Data were retrieved from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program for this retrospective cohort. Adult patients undergoing elective splenectomy between 2005 and 2020 were included.
RESULTS: Among 10,339 included patients, 143(1.4%) were on chronic dialysis. Postoperative mortality was higher in dialysis vs. non-dialysis patients (9.1% vs. 1.8%). Dialysis patients were more likely to have 30-day major morbidity, infectious and non-infectious complications, reoperation, and prolonged hospital stay. On multivariable regression, dialysis dependence significantly increased odds of mortality, major morbidity, blood transfusion, prolonged length of stay, reoperation, and failure-to-rescue (FTR).
CONCLUSION: Dialysis patients were at higher risk of postoperative morbidity following splenectomy. Additionally, the risk of FTR in this patient population is also significantly more compared to non-dialysis patients.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a glutamic acid antagonist, especially a preventive for nerve cell death, by using a specific compound having both inhibitory action on toxicity of glutamic acid and blocking action on glutamic acid receptor. SOLUTION: This glutamic acid antagonist comprises theanine as an active ingredient. Theanine is L-glutamic acid-γ-ethylamide or a mixture of L-glutamic acid-γ-ethylamide and its derivative. For example, a compound of formula I (R is methyl, ethyl, etc.) or a compound of formula II may be cited as the derivative of L-glutamic acid-γ-ethylamide. Excellent effect is shown by using the glutamic acid antagonist and the preventive for nerve cell death as an oral medicine. The medicine is effective for treating apoplexy such as cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, etc., and cerebral ischemia followed by neurosurgery and cerebral injury. Theanine is permitted as a food additive and has no problems in terms of safety.
Paliperidone is the major active substance produced by the metabolism of risperidone in the body. In patients with schizophrenia, risperidone has been shown to improve the quality of sleep. Therefore it is possible that treatment of paliperidone may improve sleep quality and potentially the quality of life in these patients. The goal of this study is to test the hypothesis that paliperidone improves sleep architecture. This trial is a multicenter, double-blind (neither the patient nor the physician will know if placebo or drug is being given and at what dose), randomized (patients will be assigned to different treatment groups based solely on chance), placebo-controlled study in patients with schizophrenia and schizophrenia related insomnia. The study consists of 2 phases: a screening phase of up to 14 days and a double-blind phase of 15 days. The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate improvement of the sleep architecture of patients with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-related insomnia, treated with either 9 mg/day of paliperidone ER or placebo for 14 days, using polysomnography. In this study, polysomnography (polygraphic recording during sleep of multiple body functions related to the state and stages of sleep to assess possible biological causes of sleep disorders) will be used to measure sleep architecture and continuity. Measurements will be taken on 2 days during the screening phase (averaged for the baseline value) and on the last 2 days of the treatment phase (averaged for the end point value) and will include measurement of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep (including the 4 stages of sleep) and measures of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Other assessments pertinent to the continuity and efficiency of sleep such as sleep latency (the length of time that it takes to go from full wakefulness to Stage 2 sleep), sleep efficiency (proportion of sleep during time in bed), sleep maintenance (period of time between sleep onset and awakening and number of awakenings), and sleep duration (total sleep time) will also be measured. At baseline, on Day 7, and at end of treatment, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) will be used to assess the symptoms of schizophrenia and the Clinical Global Impression Scale - Severity (CGI-S) will be used to assess the severity of a patients condition. Safety assessments include the incidence of adverse events throughout the study; daily measurement of vital signs (blood pressure, pulse, and temperature); clinical laboratory tests performed both before the study initiation and at end of treatment; and measurement of extrapyramidal symptoms using scales (EPS scales) at baseline, Day 7 and end point. 9 mg of paliperidone ER or placebo taken orally once daily on Days 1 to 14
During development, OPCs migrate extensively throughout the spinal cord, but their migration is restricted at transition zones (TZ). At these specialized locations, unique glial cells in both zebrafish and mice are at least partially responsible for preventing peripheral OPC migration, but the mechanisms of this regulation are not understood. In order to elucidate the signals that mediate OPC segregation at motor exit point (MEP) TZs, we performed an unbiased small molecule screen. Using chemical screening and in vivo imaging, we discovered that inhibition of A2a adenosine receptors (AR) causes ectopic OPC migration out of the spinal cord. In our studies, we provide in vivo evidence that endogenous neuromodulation by adenosine regulates OPC migration along motor axons, specifically at the MEP TZ. This work opens exciting possibilities for understanding how OPCs reach their final destinations during development and identifies mechanisms that could promote their migration in disease.
The participants in the error-reduction group will participate in a 4-week home-based training intervention during the month between their pre- and post-test visits. During pre- and post- training visits, Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS) and the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA), Purdue Pegboard, Brief Test of Attention, 6-minute Walk, Hand Grip Dynamometer, Physical Performance Function, Digit Span, SARA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Beck Depression Inventory 2nd Ed, Stroop and biomechanical gait analysis tests will be administered. Also biomechanical assessments of dysmetria and neurophysiological assessment of brain activity will be conducted to evaluate the impact of the training on SCA individuals.
Participants will receive tocilizumab intravenous (IV) infusion at a dose of 12 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) every two weeks (Q2W) during main evaluation period of 12 weeks (a total of 6 infusions including one at baseline visit). Participants will have the option to be treated in an optional extension period after completion of main evaluation period. In optional extension period, participants will receive tocilizumab 12 mg/kg IV infusion Q2W from Week 12 until the participant reaches 2 years of age or has been treated for one year from baseline, whichever is longer.
Systems and methods are provided for assessing competency of a health-care professional using a linear-narrative progression. The system includes a virtual console and an assessment tool. The virtual console is configured to present a clinical vignette to the health-care professional and display a series of digital images and questions to the health-care professional based on the clinical vignette. The virtual console is further configured to receive a response to each of the questions. The virtual console is also configured to display corrective instructions to the health-care professional after receiving a response to critical questions, wherein subsequent digital images and questions are based on the corrective instructions. The assessment tool is configured to assess the health-care professional's interpretation of each of the plurality of digital images.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of transurethral holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) compared to bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (bTUR-P) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
METHODS: A total of 220 BPH patients hospitalized from January 2022 to September 2023 were included in this study. These patients were randomly assigned to HoLEP and bTUR-P groups, with 110 participants in each group. We collected preoperative general information, perioperative data, complications, and postoperative follow-up indicators from both groups of patients.
RESULTS: The baseline characteristics of patients in both groups were similar, with no statistical significance (P > 0.05). Compared to the bTUR-P group, the HoLEP group exhibited significantly less intraoperative bleeding (P < 0.001), shorter bladder irrigation time (P = 0.002), shorter catheter retention time (P < 0.001), and reduced postoperative hospitalization (P = 0.002). Additionally, the pain score during urination after catheter removal was significantly lower in the HoLEP group (P < 0.001). Postoperative complications occurred in both groups; however, they were less frequent in the HoLEP group (4 cases), primarily consisting of urinary retention and postoperative bleeding. The bTUR-P group experienced more complications (9 cases). Significant reductions in postoperative residual urine volume (RUV) were observed in both groups (P < 0.001). Both groups also showed significant improvements in Quality of Life (QoL) scores and International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS), with the HoLEP group demonstrating a more significant decrease in IPSS (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: After comprehensive evaluation, HoLEP was superior to bTUR-P in terms of safety and efficacy. Therefore, HoLEP may be a preferable choice for the treatment of BPH.
The tight linkage of obesity, insulin resistance (and frank diabetes), dyslipidemia, and hypertension has been widely observed and has been named syndrome X, or the metabolic syndrome. For many years metformin has been the only drug in clinical use with effects on insulin resistance. Recently, agonists of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have been introduced in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The different PPARs seem to be activated by a wide range of lipids and lipid mediators, including fatty acids. 2-tetradecylthioacetic acid (TTA) is a modified fatty acid with high affinity for the PPARgamma receptor. In animal models of obesity-related insulin resistance (obese Zucker rats and dietary manipulated Wistar rats), TTA has an insulin sensitizing effect by enhancing the insulin mediated uptake of glucose in peripheral tissues. TTA treatment promotes fatty acid catabolism in experimental animals and this could casually be linked to the improved glucose tolerance.

The protocol for the present study describes a safety assessment and therapeutic exploratory evaluation of TTA in a small subset of male type 2 diabetes patients for 4 weeks. The primary safety parameters will include general physical observational parameters, liver function test and hematological parameters. To goal is to assess the efficacy of TTA on selected metabolic parameters including fasting blood glucose and insulin, fasting plasma lipids, antioxidant status, and fibrinolytic parameters, weight, BMI and blood pressure.
High spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to persistent and debilitating compromise in respiratory function. Cervical SCI not only causes the death of phrenic motor neurons (PhMNs) that innervate the diaphragm, but also damages descending respiratory pathways originating in the rostral ventral respiratory group (rVRG) located in the brainstem, resulting in denervation and consequent silencing of spared PhMNs located caudal to injury. It is imperative to determine whether interventions targeting rVRG axon growth and respiratory neural circuit reconnection are efficacious in chronic cervical contusion SCI, given that the vast majority of individuals are chronically-injured and most cases of SCI involve contusion-type damage to the cervical region. We therefore employed a rat model of chronic cervical hemicontusion to test therapeutic manipulations aimed at reconstructing damaged rVRG-PhMN-diaphragm circuitry to achieve recovery of respiratory function. At a chronic time point post-injury, we systemically administered: an antagonist peptide directed against phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a central inhibitor of neuron-intrinsic axon growth potential; an antagonist peptide directed against receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase sigma (PTPσ), another important negative regulator of axon growth capacity; or a combination of these two peptides. PTEN antagonist peptide (PAP4) promoted partial recovery of diaphragm motor activity out to nine months post-injury (though this effect depended on the anesthetic regimen used during recording), while PTPσ peptide did not impact diaphragm function after cervical SCI. Furthermore, PAP4 promoted robust growth of descending bulbospinal rVRG axons caudal to the injury within the denervated portion of the PhMN pool, while PTPσ peptide did not affect rVRG axon growth at this location that is critical to control of diaphragmatic respiratory function. In conclusion, we find that, when PTEN inhibition is targeted at a chronic time point following cervical contusion, our non-invasive PAP4 strategy can successfully promote significant regrowth of damaged respiratory neural circuitry and also partial recovery of diaphragm motor function.
The experimental group will receive a preoperative dose of 1000mg IV acetaminophen over 15 minutes. This will occur at least 15 minutes before the start of surgery. Another 1000mg dose of IV acetaminophen will be administered 4 hours after the first dose. A rescue analgesic containing oxycodone will also be provided (with APAP concentrations of 325 mg per Hospital and FDA recommendations).