anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Most patients with prostate adenocarcinoma develop resistance to therapies targeting the androgen receptor (AR). Consequently, a portion of these patients develop AR-independent neuroendocrine (NE) prostate cancer (NEPC), a rapidly progressing cancer with limited therapies and poor survival outcomes. Current research to understand the progression to NEPC suggests a model of lineage plasticity whereby AR-dependent luminal-like tumors progress toward an AR-independent NEPC state. Genetic analysis of human NEPC identified frequent loss of RB1 and TP53, and the loss of both genes in experimental models mediates the transition to a NE lineage. Transcriptomics studies have shown that lineage transcription factors ASCL1 and NEUROD1 are present in NEPC. In this study, we modeled the progression of prostate adenocarcinoma to NEPC by establishing prostate organoids and subsequently generating subcutaneous allograft tumors from genetically engineered mouse models harboring Cre-induced loss of Rb1 and Trp53 with Myc overexpression (RPM). These tumors were heterogeneous and displayed adenocarcinoma, squamous, and NE features. ASCL1 and NEUROD1 were expressed within NE-defined regions, with ASCL1 being predominant. Genetic loss of Ascl1 in this model did not decrease tumor incidence, growth, or metastasis; however, there was a notable decrease in NE identity and an increase in basal-like identity. This study provides an in vivo model to study progression to NEPC and establishes the requirement for ASCL1 in driving NE differentiation in prostate cancer. Significance: Modeling lineage transitions in prostate cancer and testing dependencies of lineage transcription factors have therapeutic implications, given the emergence of treatment-resistant, aggressive forms of neuroendocrine prostate cancer. See related commentary by McQuillen and Brady, p. 3499.
The present invention directed to a medical reporting system. The system comprising a fixed visual capturing unit integrated at a first location to capture one or more first set of visuals and a movable visual capturing unit integrated at a second location to capture one or more second set of visuals. The system further comprising a separator to separate the stored one or more first set of visuals and the stored one or more second set of visuals in plurality of frames of pre-defined length. The system further comprising a first database unit and a second database unit. The system further comprising a comparator configured to compare each of the separated plurality of frames. The system further comprising a processor to process a positive output of the comparator and a transceiver to communicate the positive output to a transcription unit for medical reporting.
Patients without sepsis syndrome. Age and gender matched to cohort 1, and recruited from Emergency Department.
Cohort 1: Subjects will begin administration of INX-08189 50 mg every day (QD) on Study Day 0. Dosing will occur each morning for 5 days after a fast of at least 8 hours prior to each dose on Study Days 0 through 4. INX-08189 will be administered with water, and subjects will remain fasting for 2 hours following each dose.
Introduction: Basicervical femoral neck fracture (FNF) is an uncommon type of femoral neck fracture and is associated with an increased risk of fixation failure due to its inherent instability. The purpose of this study was to compare the surgical parameters and reoperation rate between the use of a multiple cannulated screw (MCS) and fixed angle device (FAD) in treating basicervical FNFs. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 885 patients who underwent internal fixation between May 2004 and August 2019 to determine basicervical FNF with at least 12 months of follow-up. Among the identified 77 patients with basicervical FNF, 17 patients who underwent multiple cannulated screw (MCS) fixation and 36 patients who underwent fixed angle device (FAD) fixation were included. We compared the rates of fracture-site collapse and reoperations according to the fixation device. Results: Among the 53 patients with basicervical FNF, 13 patients (24.5%) sustained surgical complications (8 collapses of fracture site and 5 reoperations). The reoperation rate in the MCS group was significantly higher than that in the FAD group (23.5% vs. 2.8%, p = 0.016), without any significant difference in the collapse of the fracture site (11.8% vs. 16.7%, p = 0.642). Conclusions: Although basicervical FNF was rare among hip fractures, fracture site collapse was prevalent and prone to fixation failure. Surgeons should keep this in mind, and consider FAD for basicervical FNF.
The subjects will receive oral midazolam solution of 2 mg as a single dose on 2 occasions, 6 days apart (Days 1 and 7). The first dose will be prior to dosing with oral AZD5718 tablet and the second dose after five administrations of AZD5718 under fasted conditions.
Novel hybrid is characterised by having a surface antigen with a Kauffmann-White specificity of 09.12. New process for producing a stable microorganism utilisable as a live germ in a vaccine which is free from virulence and immunogenic comprises transferring the chromosome fragments of a Salmonella strain which are determined for 09.12 antigen synthesis onto a genetically related recipient strain and selecting the resulting hybrid with the desired metabolic efficiencies from the hybridisation mixt. Process for propagating the new hybrid by cultivating on a suitable medium is also claimed. The Salmonella-coli hybrid is useful for vaccination against Salmonellosis esp. Salmonella typhi infections. Results of tests described in the specification show that immunisation of mice with hybrid strain F 1193 (ATCC 31161) gives better protection against artificial infection than does vaccination with acetone-inactivated S. typhi Ty2. The pref. hybrid is Salmonella-E. coli hybrid ATCC 31161.
BACKGROUND: It is now realized that peripheral inflammation and abnormal immune responses, especially T cells, contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Gasdermin D (GSDMD) -mediated pyroptosis has been associated with several neuroinflammatory diseases, but whether GSDMD is involved in the peripheral inflammation and T cell immunity during AD remains unclear.
METHODS: We dynamically investigated GSDMD activation in the peripheral and central nervous system of 5×FAD mouse model and dissected the role of myeloid GSDMD using genetic knockout mice, especially its influence on peripheral T cell responses and AD inflammation. RNA sequencing and in vitro coculture were used to elucidate the underlying immune mechanisms involved. Targeted inhibitor experiments and clinical correlation analysis were used to further verify the function of GSDMD in AD.
RESULTS: In the present study, caspase activated GSDMD in the spleen of 5×FAD mice earlier than in the brain during disease progression. Loss of myeloid cell GSDMD was shown to impair early-stage effector T cell activation in the periphery and prevent T cell infiltration into the brain, with an overall reduction in neuroinflammation. Furthermore, myeloid cell GSDMD induced T cell PD-1 expression through the IL-1β/NF-κB pathway, restricting regulatory T cells. The administration of a GSDMD inhibitor combined with an anti-PD-1 antibody was found to mitigate the development of AD-associated inflammation. In some AD patients, plasma sPD-1 is positively correlated with IL-Iβ and clinical features.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study systematically identified a role for GSDMD in the AD-related peripheral inflammation and early-stage T cell immunity. These findings also suggest the therapeutic potential of targeting GSDMD for the early intervention in AD.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject composition useful for treating diseases which need the restoration of bone and catilage tissues and the induction by including a bone-including factor and hedgehog protein. SOLUTION: This medicinal composition contains both of a bone-inducing factor (BMP) having bone-including effect and hedgehog protein. The BMP is the protein which acts on undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, differentiates them to cartilage cells or osteablasts and possesses the activity allowing them to form cartilage or bone. As the BMP, the human BMP produced by gene recombination technique is preferable. The hedgehog protein is preferably produced analogously by gene recombination technique. The BMP is added in an amount of more than 1μg/ml, suitably 1-300μg/ml, when a recombinant human BMP is utilized and the hedgehog protein is added in an amount of more than 2ng/ml, suitably 10ng-10μg/ml, when Shh-N is utilized.  By using the BMP and the hedgehog protein in combination, the ability of forming bone and cartilage is drastically increased and defects of bone and cartilage caused by injury, disease and malformation are rapidly repaired.
Twelve subjects will be enrolled in a single-blind manner. Subjects will receive four C16G2 Varnish applications over 7 days (Days 0, 2, 5 \& 7), followed by 3 additional weekly varnish administrations. The treatment allocation will be 1:1 (6 subjects C16G2 Varnish, 6 subjects Placebo).
Participants with chronic liver disease and classified as Child-Pugh Grade A had a score of 5-6 (out of 15) which correlates with a good prognosis. Each participant received one sublingual tablet of Suboxone® (2mg buprenorphine with 0.5 mg naloxone) on Day 1.
Apparatus (10) is provided including an input device, a medical risk database (14), a data processor (16), and a communication device (12). Data entered in the input device, usually by a health care professional, defines a patient data record (22). The medical risk database (14) associates certain patient data entered into the data record (22), which increases the risk of a missed medical care opportunity, with additional medical care to address the risk. The communication device (12) responds to the identification of patient data presenting a medical risk by communicating to a health care professional additional medical care selected to identify and take advantage of a medical care opportunity. Templates are also disclosed having 'red light green light' indicators that indicate red to prompt consideration of a system and green to indicate it has been considered. A triage template and key information to provide additional information to the diagnosing or treating professional are also provided.
Patients were given CVL237 tablets, 100 mg/ day, QD, for 4 weeks (28 days), and safety assessment was performed on day 28 of the first cycle. If there was no safety risk, patients could take CVL237 tablets, 200 mg/ day, QD, for 4 weeks (28 days).
A method for producing a pouch composition, said pouch composition comprising at least one water insoluble fibre, nicotine, at least one sugar alcohol in a total amount of 0 – 22 wt%, one or more intense sweeteners in a total amount of 0 – 8 wt% water in an amount of 8 – 48 wt%, wherein the method comprises the steps of i. Providing a dry mixture comprising - one or more of said at least one water insoluble fibres - one or more of said at least one sugar alcohol - one or more texturizing agents - optionally one anti caking agent - optionally one pH adjusting agent - optionally one preservative - optionally one salt. ii. Providing a liquid mixture, the method characterized in that the liquid mixture of step ii. comprises water, nicotine and flavour, and that the dry mixture of step i. and the liquid mixture of step ii. are mixed together to obtain a pouch composition.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to biologically active substance showing antiviral and antibacterial effects. Invention proposes the preparation alpizarin that shows effects with respect to cytomegalovirus, human immunodeficiency virus, tuberculosis mycobacteria and Protozoa. Preparation shows new combination of traits - antiviral, antibacterial, immunostimulating, immunomodulating and interferon-inducing properties. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of new preparation. 6 tbl
PURPOSE: Evaluating the impact of radioiodine therapy (RIT) on olfactory function in thyroid cancer patients through quantitative and qualitative olfactory tests.
METHOD: In this cohort study, patients with thyroid cancer were included. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected. To subjectively evaluate the olfactory changes aftter RIT, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Self-Reported Mini-Olfactory Questionnaire (self-MOQ), and the University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL) were assessed. Out of UW-QOL questions those related to saliva, taste, and overall health condition were analysed. For objective assessment, patients underwent both the Butanol Threshold Test (BTT) and the a version of Smell Identification Test (SIT). Patients were assessed before, one month, and six months after RIT.
RESULTS: Ninety eight patients were included (Male = 17). A statistically significant decrement was observed in olfaction based on the VAS, between the baseline and one (pvalue = 0.015) and six months (pvalue = 0.031) of follow-up. Additionally, saliva (pvalue = 0.001), taste (pvalue = 0.000), and overall health condition (pvalue = 0.010) significantly decreased one-month after RIT. The measures were not different between the baseline and 6-month follow up and the improvement of index of taste was significant from 1-month to 6-months follow ups (pvalue = 0.000). However, none of the objective tests (the BTT and the SIT) indicated a significant decline in olfaction during the follow up.
CONCLUSION: A subjective RIT related decrease in smell function, taste, and saliva production was documented without any objective olfactory dysfunction.
Pain from injections is common in children of all ages, and more than 90% of hospitalized children experience invasive and painful procedures such as venipuncture. In light of the complications associated with pain relief medications, nonpharmacological and complementary medicine approaches have gained attention. This study aims to compare the effects of acupressure and music on venipuncture pain intensity in children. This randomized controlled clinical trial involved 180 children aged 3-6 years who sought treatment at the Children's Medical Center Hospital Emergency Department at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The children were randomly assigned to one of three groups: acupressure, music, or control. The interventions were given within 5 minutes, starting 3 minutes before the venipuncture and continuing until completion. The interventions included playing music through headphones and applying acupressure to the Hugo point. Venipuncture was carried out under identical conditions using an Angiocath 24G needle. Pain intensity was assessed using the Oucher scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24, employing the Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square, and Bonferroni pairwise comparison tests, with a significance level of 0.05. The mean pain intensity was 3.32 ± 1.44 in the music group, 4.82 ± 1.51 in the acupressure group, and 8.32 ± 1.10 in the control group. Pain intensity significantly differed among the three groups (p < 0.001). Specifically, pain intensity was lower in the music group compared to both the acupressure (p < 0.001) and control (p < 0.001) groups. Furthermore, pain intensity was lower in the acupressure group than in the control group (p < 0.001). Based on the results, music and acupressure methods effectively reduce pain intensity during venipuncture in children. Considering that music demonstrated a more pronounced effect in alleviating venipuncture pain than acupressure, the recommendation is to utilize music as a method of pain management during venipuncture in children. Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, Trial No. IRCT20120109008665N15, was registered on 6 December 2021.
Subjects will be treated monthly for 6 months by the Primary Care Provider (PCP).The PCP will be involved and a multimodal therapeutic strategy will be communicated to the PCP by the PMS. The PCP will make dosage based on an algorithm provided by the PMS on how to adjust drug doses over time. It is not intended that the PCP may have ongoing engagement with the PMS. A direct line of communication will be set up between the PCP and the data integration clinical coordinator to handle serious medical concerns.
ACE inhibitors can cause fetal and neonatal morbidity anddeath when administered to pregnant women. Several dozen cases have been reported in the worldliterature. When pregnancy is detected, ACE inhibitors should be discontinued as soon as possible.

The use of ACE inhibitors during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy has been associatedwith fetal and neonatal injury, including hypotension, neonatal skull hypoplasia, anuria, reversible orirreversible renal failure, and death. Oligohydramnios has also been reported, presumably resultingfrom decreased fetal renal function; oligohydramnios in this setting has been associated with fetallimb contractures, craniofacial deformation, and hypoplastic lung development. Prematurity,intrauterine growth retardation, and patent ductus arteriosus have also been reported, although it isnot clear whether these occurrences were due to the ACE inhibitor exposure.

These adverse effects do not appear to have resulted from intrauterine ACE inhibitor exposure thathas been limited to the first trimester. Mothers whose embryos and fetuses are exposed to ACEinhibitors only during the first trimester should be so informed. Nonetheless, when patients becomepregnant, physicians should make every effort to discontinue the use of quinapril hydrochloride assoon as possible.

Rarely (probably less often than once in every thousand pregnancies), no alternative to ACEinhibitors will be found. In these rare cases, the mothers should be apprised of the potential hazardsto their fetuses, and serial ultrasound examinations should be performed to assess the intraamnioticenvironment.

If oligohydramnios is observed, quinapril hydrochloride should be discontinued unless it isconsidered lifesaving for the mother. Contraction stress testing (CST), a non-stress test (NST), orbiophysical profiling (BPP) may be appropriate, depending upon the week of pregnancy. Patientsand physicians should be aware, however, that oligohydramnios may not appear until after the fetushas sustained irreversible injury.

Infants with histories of in utero exposure to ACE inhibitors should be closely observed forhypotension, oliguria, and hyperkalemia. If oliguria occurs, attention should be directed towardsupport of blood pressure and renal perfusion. Exchange transfusion or dialysis may be required asa means of reversing hypotension and/or substituting for disordered renal function. Removal ofquinapril hydrochloride, which crosses the placenta, from the neonatal circulation is not significantlyaccelerated by these means.

No teratogenic effects of quinapril hydrochloride were seen in studies of pregnant rats and rabbits.On a mg/kg basis, the doses used were up to 180 times (in rats) and one time (in rabbits) themaximum recommended human dose.
Radiation therapy will be given covering the whole bladder over 4 weeks. The use of a radiosensitizing agent is mandatory.
Intravenous fluid therapy is commonly administered in the emergency department (ED). Despite the deleterious potential of over- and under-resuscitation, professional society guidelines continue to recommend administering a fixed volume of fluid in initial resuscitation. Predicting whether a specific patient will respond to fluid therapy remains one of the most important, but challenging questions that ED clinicians face in clinical practice. Surrogate parameters (i.e. blood pressure and heart rate), are widely used in usual care to estimate changes in stroke volume (SV). Due to their inadequacy in estimating SV, noninvasive techniques (e.g. bioreactance, echocardiography, noninvasive finger cuff technology), have been proposed as a more accurate and readily deployable method for assessing flow and preload responsiveness. Dynamic monitoring systems based on cardiac preload challenge and assessment of SV, by using noninvasive and continuous methods, provide more accurate, feasible, efficient, and reasonably accurate strategy for prediction of fluid responsiveness than static measurements. In this article, we aimed to analyze the different methods currently available for dynamic monitoring of preload responsiveness.
Lavage using 50 cc of PPP in the knee joint. Using visual guidance, the PPP lavage will be conducted, introducing a solution of platelet poor plasma into the knee joint with subsequent removal of the fluid, in effect "washing out" the joint space.
The study will commence following the Approval by The Ethics Research Committee. All patients admitted to our ICU from the 1st of June 2018 to the 31st of May 2019 will be enrolled after fulfilling the inclusion criteria and in the absence of any exclusion criteria. Informed consent will be requested. Enteral nutrition will be administered via nasogastric of orogastric tube. Patients will be randomised in 2 groups. In the group of patients receiving continuous feeding will be enteral nutrition administered via enteral feeding pump for at least 16 hours par day. In the group of patients receiving intermittent feeding will be enteral nutrition administered as 30-60minutes lasting bolus via enteral feeding pump 6 times per day. Following the administration of the bolus the patient will be placed for 30 minutes in semi-upright sitting position. Enteral nutrition requirement and composition will be standardised with the adoption of international guidelines. In 5 subsequent days from the enteral nutrition commencement will be examined if there is a difference in achieving energy and protein targets, tolerance and number of complications of enteral nutrition in between both groups. As achievement of energy and protein targets will be considered at least 80% of calculated values. The tolerance of enteral nutrition will be evaluated by the clinical examination of the abdomen, presence of diarrhoea, vomiting and the gastric residual volume of at least 0,5 liter. As the complications of enteral nutrition will be regarded the aspiration of gastric contents and ventilator associated pneumonia. Nutritional status parameters will be analysed. the length of hospital stay, ICU length of stay and 28-day mortality will be also monitored.
Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a public health threat that results in 14,000 annual deaths in the United States. Challenges involve the production of CDI spores that can remain dormant for years and the production of toxins that damage the gut. Current therapies for CDI include vancomycin and metronidazole, but neither inhibits spore or toxin production. Thus, recurrence of infection occurs in 25% of patients and there are no antibiotics that are effective for multiple recurrences. We describe oxadiazoles with activity against C. difficile, including the highly virulent NAP1/027 strain with increased production of toxins A and B, as well as the additional binary toxin. Oxadiazole 2 is poorly absorbed, thus advantageously achieving high concentrations in the gut. The compound targets peptidoglycan synthesis and inhibits vegetative cells, spores, and toxin production.