anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Niraparib

In vitro, niraparib bound to DAT, NET, and SERT and inhibited uptake of norepinephrine and dopamine in cells with IC 50values that were lower than the C minat steady-state in patients receiving the 200 mg dose. Niraparib has the potential to cause effects in patients related to inhibition of these transporters (e.g., cardiovascular, central nervous system). Intravenous administration of niraparib to vagotomized dogs over 30 minutes at 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg resulted in an increased range of arterial pressures of 13% to 20%, 18% to 27%, and 19% to 25%, respectively, and increased range of heart rates of 2% to 11%, 4% to 17%, and 12% to 21%, respectively, above pre-dose levels. The unbound plasma concentrations of niraparib in dogs at these dose levels were approximately 1.2, 3.9, and 15.5 times the unbound C maxat steady state in patients receiving the 200 mg dose. 

In addition, niraparib crossed the blood-brain barrier in rats and monkeys following oral administration. The cerebrospinal fluid plasma C maxratios of niraparib administered at 10 mg/kg orally to two rhesus monkeys were 0.10 and 0.52. 

Abiraterone Acetate

A dose-dependent increase in cataracts was observed in rats after daily oral abiraterone acetate administration for 26 weeks starting at ≥50 mg/kg/day (similar to the human clinical exposure (AUC) at 1,000 mg dose daily). In a 39-week monkey study with daily oral abiraterone acetate administration, no cataracts were observed at higher doses (2 times greater than the clinical exposure (AUC) at 1,000 mg dose daily).
Ten participants will be asked to complete study phase 1. Participants will be asked to provide blood and urine samples and undergo penile, urethral, and rectal swabs. Up to 12 rectal biopsies will be taken.
OBJECTIVE: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare and fatal adult-onset neurodegenerative disease with multiple clinical and pathological variants. The etiology of MSA remains uncertain. Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is the main characteristic of MSA. An upright position can trigger a syncope attack, making it impossible for the patient to stand and walk briefly.
CASE STUDY: We report the case of a 67-year-old man with initial symptoms of recurrent syncope and this patient was hospitalized several times, despite multiple therapeutic interventions, his symptoms persisted. Eventually, this patient died at the age of 68 with a diagnosis of MSA.
CONCLUSION: For those patients with neurogenic OH, an underlying neurodegenerative disease should always be considered. Prompt diagnosis, early aggressive treatment, and prediction of complications may have a huge impact on the prognosis of MSA. This article also reviews relevant reported cases to enrich the experience of treating MSA in the clinic.
BACKGROUND: Pain is highly burdensome, affecting over 30% of long-term care (LTC) residents. Pain significantly reduces residents' health-related quality of life (HRQoL), limits their ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs), restricts their social activities, and can lead to hopelessness, depression, and unnecessary healthcare costs. Although pain can generally be prevented or treated, eliminating pain may not always be possible, especially when residents have multiple chronic conditions. Therefore, improving the HRQoL of LTC residents with pain is a priority goal. Understanding factors influencing HRQoL of LTC residents with pain is imperative to designing and evaluating targeted interventions that complement pain management to improve residents' HRQoL. However, these factors are poorly understood, and we lack syntheses of available research on this topic. This systematic review protocol outlines the methods to identify, synthesize, and evaluate the available evidence on these factors.
METHODS: This mixed methods review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We will systematically search Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and ProQuest Dissertation and Thesis Global from database inception. We will include primary studies and systematically conducted reviews without restrictions to language, publication date, and study design. We will also include gray literature (dissertation and reports) and search relevant reviews and reference lists of all included studies. Two reviewers will independently screen articles, conduct quality appraisal, and extract data. We will synthesize results thematically and conduct meta-analyses if statistical pooling is possible. Residents and family/friend caregivers will assist with interpreting the findings.
DISCUSSION: This proposed systematic review will address an important knowledge gap related to the available evidence on factors influencing HRQoL of LTC residents with pain. Findings will be crucial for researchers, LTC administrators, and policy makers in uncovering research needs and in planning, developing, and evaluating strategies in addition to and complementary with pain management to help improve HRQoL among LTC residents with pain.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42023405425.
PURPOSE:To develop a metallic film body which generates a beautifying effect and sterilizing effect when compounded with cosmetics such as cleansers by coating a extremely thin metallic film on part or the entire surface of a water soluble high-polymer film. CONSTITUTION:The extremely thin film of Au, Ag, Pt, Cr, Mn, Ti, Ni, Co, V or other metal is formed to 10-500nm by a vacuum deposition, ion plating, sputtering or other methods on part or the whole of the surface of the water soluble high-polymer film of a PVA, medicinal wafer, starch, grape sugar, etc., which are soluble in water and form a film when dry. Such film is compounded at 0.0001-10wt% with solid cleansers, cosmetics, paints, etc. Such cleaners, etc., have the beautiful appearance of the metallic gloss and in use, the high polymer film dissolves easily in water, leaving only the metal which is destructed and dispersed with slight force. The metallic film body having the sterilizing effect is obtd. when Ag is used for the metal.
Patients with CNS disease at diagnosis, without other unfavorable characteristics. Standard Induction (28 Days). Consolidation (28 days) and in remission Day 21 and at time of randomization, Interim maintenance I (2 months), Delayed intensification I (2 months), Interim maintenance II (2 months), Delayed intensification II (2 months), then Maintenance (12 week cycles). Cranial radiation therapy during the Consolidation phase.
Like other topical corticosteroids, mometasone furoate has anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, and vasoconstrictive properties. The mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity of the topical steroids, in general, is unclear. However, corticosteroids are thought to act by the induction of phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins, collectively called lipocortins. It is postulated that these proteins control the biosynthesis of potent mediators of inflammation such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes by inhibiting the release of their common precursor arachidonic acid. Arachidonic acid is released from membrane phospholipids by phospholipase A2.

Pharmacokinetics

The extent of percutaneous absorption of topical corticosteroids is determined by many factors including the vehicle and the integrity of the epidermal barrier. Occlusive dressings with hydrocortisone for up to 24 hours have not been demonstrated to increase penetration; however, occlusion of hydrocortisone for 96 hours markedly enhances penetration. Studies in humans indicate that approximately 0.4% of the applied dose of ELOCON Cream 0.1% enters the circulation after 8 hours of contact on normal skin without occlusion. Inflammation and/or other disease processes in the skin may increase percutaneous absorption.

Studies performed with ELOCON Cream 0.1% indicate that it is in the medium range of potency as compared with other topical corticosteroids.

In a study evaluating the effects of mometasone furoate cream on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, 15 grams were applied twice daily for 7 days to six adult patients with psoriasis or atopic dermatitis. The cream was applied without occlusion to at least 30% of the body surface. The results show that the drug caused a slight lowering of adrenal corticosteroid secretion.

In a pediatric trial, 24 atopic dermatitis patients, of which 19 patients were age 2 to 12 years, were treated with ELOCON Cream 0.1% once daily. The majority of patients cleared within 3 weeks.

Ninety-seven pediatric patients ages 6 to 23 months, with atopic dermatitis, were enrolled in an open-label, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis safety study. ELOCON Cream 0.1% was applied once daily for approximately 3 weeks over a mean body surface area of 41% (range 15% to 94%). In approximately 16% of patients who showed normal adrenal function by Cortrosyn test before starting treatment, adrenal suppression was observed at the end of treatment with ELOCON Cream 0.1%. The criteria for suppression were: basal cortisol level of less than or equal to 5 mcg/dL, 30-minute post-stimulation level of less than or equal to 18 mcg/dL, or an increase of less than 7 mcg/dL. Follow-up testing 2 to 4 weeks after stopping treatment, available for 5 of the patients, demonstrated suppressed HPA axis function in one patient, using these same criteria.
Hyalocytes, typically located 20 to 50μm anterior the internal limiting membrane (ILM), have the potential to contribute to development of epiretinal membranes (ERM) in presence of vitreoschisis. For macular holes, hyalocytes located on the ILM are hypothesized to contribute to the closure of the macular hole after application of the inverted ILM flap technique.

ILM is routinely excised during surgical repair of macular holes. During peeling of ERM it is excised in case of persisting wrinkling of the retinal surface or partial en bloc excision with the ERM. Furthermore, excision of ILM during ERM peeling is associated with significantly lower recurrence rates of ERM and better Long term visual acuity, according to the results reported by Chang et al. Removal of ERM and ILM is part of the surgical routine during surgical repair of macular holes and peeling of epiretinal membranes. Therefore, cultivation of excised ERM and ILM samples does not increase risks for patients in any way. During study it is planned to cultivate hyalocytes for investigation of their role in macular hole closure.
The investigational drug product being evaluated in this study is the Midazolam Autoinjector. This system is composed of an autoinjector filled with the drug product midazolam EP. The study drug is administered IM into the anterior thigh using the preloaded autoinjector. This method of administration was selected as it is the method that will be used in later clinical trials and for the marketed product. The autoinjectors were preloaded with midazolam 5 mg or 10 mg with a total volume of 1 or 2 mL. Healthy subjects are assigned to one of six target dosage groups (0.10, 0.18, 0.25, 0.33, 0.40, 0.49 mg/kg) and, based on their weight, received the necessary combination of fixed 5 or 10 mg doses to provide the assigned target dose.
A cosmetic composition for antioxidation and whitening is provided to have the effect of suppressing melanogenesis by isolating kamebakaurin which is an active ingredient. A composition for antiaging and whitening comprises Isodon inflexus Var. Canesens extract or its solvent fraction as an active ingredient. The content of extract or solvent fraction is 0.00001-10 weight% based on total weight of the composition. A method for producing solvent fraction of Isodon inflexus Var. Canesens extract comprises: a step of dipping Isodon inflexus Var. Canesens plant with water and ethanol or methanol mixture solution and extracting once more to obtain ethanol or methanol extract; a step of suspending the extrac in 20% of ethanol or methanol and extracting three times to obtain hexane fraction layer; and a step of adding ethylacetate and butanol and to obtain solvent fraction.
OBJECTIVES: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, with an increasing incidence and prevalence because of progressively aging populations. Costs related to AF are both direct and indirect. This systematic review aims to identify the main cost drivers of the illness, assess the potential economic impact resulting from changes in care strategies, and propose interventions where they are most needed.
METHODS: A systematic literature search of the PubMed and Scopus databases was performed to identify analytical observational studies defining the cost of illness in cases of AF. The search strategy was based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020 recommendations.
RESULTS: Of the 944 articles retrieved, 24 met the inclusion criteria. These studies were conducted in several countries. All studies calculated the direct medical costs, whereas 8 of 24 studies assessed indirect costs. The median annual direct medical cost per patient, considering all studies, was €9409 (13 333 US dollars in purchasing power parities), with a very large variability due to the heterogeneity of different analyses. Hospitalization costs are generally the main cost drivers. Comorbidities and complications, such as stroke, considerably increase the average annual direct medical cost of AF.
CONCLUSIONS: In most of the analyzed studies, inpatient care cost represents the main component of the mean direct medical cost per patient. Stroke and heart failure are responsible for a large share of the total costs; therefore, implementing guidelines to manage comorbidities in AF is a necessary step to improve health and mitigate healthcare costs.
Under thoracoscopic guidance, a posterior intercostal nerve block will be performed with liposomal bupivacaine (13.3 mg/ml). In the liposomal bupivacaine group, a total dose of 266 mg of liposomal bupivacaine (one 20 ml vial of 13.3 mg/ml) per patient will be diluted to a total volume of 40 ml using 20 ml normal saline.
Participants in the hMSC treatment group will receive a total of 4 doses of the hMSC intervention. Each dose will be administered once about every 13 weeks within a year period.
1. Technical Result Widening of therapeutical spectrum and assortment of means for treatment of gynecological diseases. 2. Essence A means contains Matricaria chamomilla L., Chelidonium majus, Ophrys caucasica G., Betula verrucosa, propolis, bee wax and plant oil in the therapeutically effective amount. 3. Field of Application Medicine, gynecology.
Our objective was to evaluate the accuracy of predictive models for metritis spontaneous cure (SC) and cure among ceftiofur-treated cows using farm-collected data only, and with the addition of hemogram variables and circulating concentration of metabolites, minerals, and biomarkers (BM) of inflammation measured at time of diagnosis. Data related to parity, calving-related issues, BCS, rectal temperature, and DIM at metritis diagnosis were collected from a randomized clinical trial that included 422 metritic cows from 4 herds in Texas, California, and Florida. Metritis was defined as the presence of red-brownish, watery, and fetid vaginal discharge, and cure was defined as the absence of metritis 14 d after initial diagnosis. Cows were randomly allocated to receive systemic ceftiofur therapy (2 subcutaneous doses of 6.6 mg/kg of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid on the day of diagnosis and 3 d later; CEF) or to remain untreated (control). At enrollment (day of metritis diagnosis), blood samples were collected and submitted to complete blood count (CBC) and processed for the measurement of 13 minerals and BM of metabolism and inflammation. Univariable analysis to evaluate the association of farm-collected data and blood-assessed variables with metritis cure were performed, and variables with P ≤ 0.20 were offered to multivariable logistic regression models and retained if P ≤ 0.15. The areas under the curve for models predicting SC using farm data only and farm + BM were 0.70 and 0.76, respectively. Complete blood count variables were not retained in the models for SC. For models predicting cure among CEF cows, the area under the curve was 0.75, 0.77, 0.80, and 0.80 for models using farm data only, farm + CBC, farm + BM, and farm + CBC + BM, respectively. Predictive models of metritis cure had fair accuracy, with SC models being less accurate than models predictive of cure among CEF cows. Additionally, adding BM variables marginally improved the accuracy of models using farm collected data, and CBC data did not improve the accuracy of predictive models.
The sample will be comprised of 183 patients between 4 to 7 year-old, who present at least occlusal surface with initial caries lesion (ICDAS 1, 2, 3). Patients will be randomly allocated to treatments, according to the technique to be employed: (I) 30% diamine silver fluoride, (II) cross-toothbrushing technique. Will also be guided and motivated individual, where these children will be taught the technique of brushing conventional. It will be given to all patients a toothbrush. In times of reassessment, the degree of wear of the bristles of these brushes will be evaluated in order to infer the use of the same. The teeth will be evaluated by clinical and exams at baseline and after 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months.
Thyroid hormones should be used with great caution in a number of circumstances where the integrity of the cardiovascular system, particularly the coronary arteries, is suspected. These include patients with angina pectoris or the elderly, in whom there is a greater likelihood of occult cardiac disease. In these patients, therapy should be initiated with low doses, i.e., 15-30 mg Armour Thyroid (thyroid tablets, USP). When, in such patients, a euthyroid state can only be reached at the expense of an aggravation of the cardiovascular disease, thyroid hormone dosage should be reduced.

Thyroid hormone therapy in patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus or adrenal cortical insufficiency aggravates the intensity of their symptoms. Appropriate adjustments of the various therapeutic measures directed at these concomitant endocrine diseases are required. The therapy of myxedema coma requires simultaneous administration of glucocorticoids (See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION). 

Hypothyroidism decreases and hyperthyroidism increases the sensitivity to oral anticoagulants. Prothrombin time should be closely monitored in thyroid-treated patients on oral anticoagulants and dosage of the latter agents adjusted on the basis of frequent prothrombin time determinations. In infants, excessive doses of thyroid hormone preparations may produce craniosynostosis.
Fusarium diseases pose a severe global threat to major cereal crops, particularly wheat. Existing biocontrol strains against Fusarium diseases are believed to primarily rely on antagonistic mechanisms, but not widely used under field conditions. Here, we report an endophytic fungus, Purpureocillium lilacinum YZ1, that shows promise in combating wheat Fusarium diseases. Under glasshouse conditions, YZ1 inoculation increased the survival rate of Fusarium graminearum (Fg)-infected wheat seedlings from 0% to > 60% at the seedling stage, and reduced spikelet infections by 70.8% during anthesis. In field trials, the application of YZ1 resulted in an impressive 89.0% reduction in Fg-susceptible spikelets. While a slight antagonistic effect of YZ1 against Fg was observed on plates, the induction of wheat systemic resistance by YZ1, which is distantly effective, non-specific, and long-lasting, appeared to be a key contributor to YZ1's biocontrol capabilities. Utilizing three imaging methods, we confirmed YZ1 as a potent endophyte capable of rapid colonization of wheat roots, and systematically spreading to the stem and leaves. Integrating dual RNA-Seq, photosynthesis measurements and cell wall visualization supported the link between YZ1's growth-promoting abilities and the activation of wheat systemic resistance. In conclusion, endophytes such as YZ1, which exhibits non-antagonistic mechanisms, hold significant potential for industrial-scale biocontrol applications.
Pediatric vision screening is important because approximately 80% of visual impairments, including amblyopia, can be prevented or cured, especially if caught early. This retrospective study aims to determine whether the implementation of a machine photoscreener improves vision outcomes in 1- to 4-year-old children in an urban clinic. Before the vision screener, 91 patients were seen (control group), while 205 were seen following its implementation (study group). The number of children screened increased by 27.4% after implementing the photoscreener (57.1% study, 29.7% control, P < .001). All patients who failed the screening, 14.6% in the study period, were referred to ophthalmology (n = 30); 40% (n = 12) were evaluated, and 9 were diagnosed with a true vision abnormality. Instrument vision screening allows children as young as 1 year to be screened and allows for early intervention for potential vision-threatening pathologies in a vulnerable urban population.
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a growing health concern in China, closely linked to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes. Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) is effective in promoting weight loss and improving metabolic outcomes. Emerging evidence highlights the role of gut microbiota in metabolic regulation, yet the specific alterations in gut microbiota and their association with metabolic changes post-surgery in Chinese patients remain unclear. Understanding these shifts could provide key insights into optimizing treatment strategies for metabolic improvement following bariatric surgery.
METHODS: Stool samples and clinical data were collected from 30 obese patients before and 6 months after surgery. The composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed through 16S rRNA sequencing, and Spearman correlation analysis was used to determine the association between gut microbiota and clinical indicators.
RESULTS: The analysis of 30 patients showed a significant decrease in Body Mass Index (BMI) (36.75 ± 4.09 kg/m2 vs 26.37 ± 3.47 kg/m2, p < 0.0001). Glucose metabolism, including Hemoglobin A1C levels, improved significantly (6.05 ± 0.96 vs 5.05 ± 0.25, p < 0.0001), and liver function as well as serum lipid levels were also notably improved. LSG increased the richness and composition of gut microbiota in obese patients post-surgery. These changes in gut microbiota were closely associated with improved clinical metabolic parameters.
CONCLUSION: LSG not only significantly reduces body weight while also alleviating metabolic syndrome and comorbidities by altering gut microbiota.