anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the leading cause of hair loss in adults. Its pathogenesis remains unclear, but studies have shown that the androgen-mediated 5α-reductase-AR receptor pathway and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway play significant roles. Camellia oleifera is an oil plant, and its fruits have been documented in folklore as having a hair cleansing effect and preventing hair loss. In this study, we used UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS to identify the structure of the substances contained in the polyphenols of Camellia oleifera seed shell. These polyphenols are mainly used for shampooing and anti-hair loss purposes. Next, we used molecular docking technology to dock 41 polyphenols and steroidal 5 alpha reductase 2 (SRD5A2). We found that the docking scores and docking sites of 1,3,6-tri-O-galloylglucose (TGG) and finasteride were similar. We constructed a mouse model of DHT-induced AGA to evaluate the effects of Camellia oleifera seed shell polyphenols (CSSP) and TGG in vivo. Treatment with CSSP and TGG alleviated alopecia symptoms and reduced DHT levels. Additionally, CSSP and TGG were able to reduce androgen levels by inhibiting the SRD5A2-AR receptor signaling pathway. Furthermore, by regulating the secretion of growth factors and activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, CSSP and TGG were able to extend the duration of hair growth. In conclusion, our study showed that CSSP and TGG can improve AGA in C57BL/6 J mice and reduce the effect of androgen on hair follicle through the two signaling pathways mentioned above. This provides new insights into the material basis and mechanism of the treatment of AGA by CSSP.
The purpose of this research study is to see how the body breaks down certain medicines. Many medicines are broken down in the liver. The liver is an organ in the belly. A person's age, size, genetics (DNA), and the health of their liver decide how quickly the body breaks down medicines and how much medication a person needs to take. Everybody's liver has some fat in it, but the amount of fat is different from person to person. The purpose of this study is to see if the amount of fat in the liver affects how quickly acid suppression medications start and stop working and get removed from the body.
The invention relates to a system consisting of preclinical emergency care modules which, in combination with human emergency rescuers, produce a complex, as integral as possible, state-dependent control system. An intelligent decision system exists on the system plane that results in a means of condition optimization with and without an emergency rescuer. Depending on the situation and interaction, the modules exhibit different characteristics. Here, the first aid rescuer may act as an additional sensor actuator module. Based on all the resulting weighted different sensor data, a decision assistance is suggested to the first aid rescuer or the system decides automatically. To be able to achieve this, a guarded communication of the modules is important.
Resistance to kinase inhibitors exemplifies the greatest hindrance to effective treatment of cancer patients. Recent studies have suggested that the onset of said resistance might not only be explained by a drug selection of pre-existing resistant sub-clones as it what was generally assumed, but may also arise de novo from a small population of drug-tolerant cells (DTC) that initially resists the treatment by entering a slow cycling state. Thus, targeting these DTC should be a new promising approach to hamper the emergence of secondary resistance to kinase inhibitors. The inventors now demonstrate that farnesyltransferase (but not geranylgeranyl transferase) inhibition can prevent the emergence of said resistance in different oncogenic contexts. In particular, the inventors determined in vitro the efficacy of farnesyltransferase inhibitor (i.e. Tipifarnib) in combination with erlotinib in several EGFR-mutated cell lines. They showed that the combination efficiently eliminated all drug tolerant cells, and fully prevented the emergence of resistant clones. Interestingly, similar results were observed in other oncogenic models such as ALK-translocated lung cancer cells or BRAF-mutated melanoma cells. Thus the present invention relates to use of farnesyl transferase inhibitors for the treatment of cancers that have acquired resistance to kinase inhibitors.
The present invention includes a method to produce singlet oxygen from molecular oxygen generated by reaction with a sapphyrin compound excited at an absorbing wavelength to form a triplet species. Specifically, the sapphyrin compound is an alkylated sapphyrin, most preferably diprotonated 3,8,12,13,17,22-hexaethyl-2,7,18,23-tetramethylsapphyrin. Generation of the triplet species may be accomplished in an organic solvent, of which the most preferable solvents are chloroform, methanol or acetonitrile. Also encompassed within the present invention is a method to selectively produce singlet oxygen in an aqueous environment. A sapphyrin compound is incorporated within a membraneous vesicle, the vesicle is illuminated with exciting light and the resultant excited triplet state sapphyrin compound reacts with molecular oxygen to produce singlet oxygen. Singlet oxygen was not generated external to the vesicle where the sapphyrin compound is present in an aqueous medium.
This is a nonrandomized, open-label, multicenter study to investigate the HIV antiviral response in CSF when vicriviroc is added for 2 weeks to the subject's failing antiretroviral background regimen. The primary efficacy endpoint of this study is the mean change in log10 CSF HIV RNA from baseline at Week 2. The secondary efficacy endpoint is the proportion of subjects achieving CSF HIV RNA \<50 copies/mL at Week 2. At Week 2, the subject's background regimen will be optimized and vicriviroc continued up to Week 24. After completing Week 24 of the study, subjects will be offered the option to continue on open-label VCV 30 mg once daily, if appropriate, until commercially available or until the sponsor terminates the clinical development of VCV. Subjects who discontinue vicriviroc for any reason will be requested to participate in long-term follow up.
Subjects receive Ofirmev 1000 mg in 100 ml Normal Saline IV infusion. The test article will be given perioperatively at the discretion of the attending anesthesiologist.
Recombinant mycobacterial vaccine vehicles capable of expressing DNA of interest which encodes at least one protein antigen for at least one pathogen against which an immune response is desired and which can be incorporated into the mycobacteria or stably integrated into the mycobacterial genome. The vaccine vehicles are useful for administration to mammalian hosts for purposes of immunization. A recombinant vector which replicates in  E. coli  but not in mycobacteria is also disclosed. The recombinant vector includes 1) a mycobacterial gene or portions thereof, necessary for recombination with homologous sequences in the genome of mycobacteria transformed with the recombinant plasmid; 2) all or a portion of a gene which encodes a polypeptide or protein whose expression is desired in mycobacteria transformed with the recombinant plasmid; 3) DNA sequences necessary for replication and selection in  E coli;  and 4) DNA sequences necessary for selection in mycobacteria (e.g., drug resistance). The present invention also relates to two types of recombinant vectors useful in introducing DNA of interest into mycobacteria, where it is expressed. One type of vector is a recombinant phasmid capable of replicating as a plasmid in  E. coli  and of lysogenizing a mycobacterial host. The other type of vector is a recombinant plasmid which can be introduced into mycobacteria, where it is stably maintained extrachromosomally.
Participants receive a once weekly, subcutaneous, Semaglutide injection for 16 weeks in addition to the participants background metformin monotherapy. The participants in this arm will begin at a 0.25 mg dose during the randomization visit, at week 4 this will be escalated to a 0.5 mg dose and at week 8 it will be escalated again to a 1.0 mg dose if tolerable by the participant. If the participant cannot tolerate the 0.25 mg dose at randomization or the 0.5 mg dose at week 4 they will be withdrawn from the study.
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of Animal Assisted Therapy (with therapy dogs) in in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The investigators conducted a multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label, two-arm clinical trial. Thirty-six children aged 7-12 diagnosed with ADHD were randomized in two groups. Experimental group: 14 animal assisted therapy (AAT) psychoeducational sessions (once-a-week, 60 minutes) + treatment as usual and control group: treatment as usual. Participants were recruited from a community Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service and a Primary Health Care Center. The investigators evaluated changes on functionality, ADHD-associated symptoms, attention and working memory at pre-treatment and post-treatment. Assessment included intelligence test, ADHD symptoms referred by parents and teacher's (Conners Rating Scale), attention measures (Conners Continuous Performance Test (CPT-3) and children's functioning (Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS)).
Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for analyzing health information to generate medical assessments are described. Health information may include any type of information associated with the health or physical characteristics of a patient. Non-limiting examples of medical assessments include medical diagnoses, medical orders, and risk assessments. A health information analysis system may access health information associated with a patient and provide a medical assessment based on various analyses of the health information. The health information analysis system may receive feedback associated with the medical assessments, such as historical information and/or user input regarding the accuracy or completeness of the medical assessment. The feedback may be used by the health information analysis system to update the analyses of the health information.
Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques generate explanations for predictions from AI models. These explanations can be evaluated for (i) faithfulness to the prediction, i.e., its correctness about the reasons for prediction, and (ii) usefulness to the user. While there are metrics to evaluate faithfulness, to our knowledge, there are no automated metrics to evaluate the usefulness of explanations in the clinical context. Our objective is to develop a new metric to evaluate usefulness of AI explanations to clinicians. Usefulness evaluation needs to consider both (a) how humans generally process explanations and (b) clinicians' specific requirements from explanations presented by clinical decision support systems (CDSS). Our new scoring method can evaluate the usefulness of explanations generated by any XAI method that provides importance values for the input features of the prediction model. Our method draws on theories from social science to gauge usefulness, and uses literature-derived biomedical knowledge graphs to quantify support for the explanations from clinical literature. We evaluate our method in a case study on predicting onset of sepsis in intensive care units. Our analysis shows that the scores obtained using our method corroborate with independent evidence from clinical literature and have the required qualities expected from such a metric. Thus, our method can be used to evaluate and select useful explanations from a diverse set of XAI techniques in clinical contexts, making it a fundamental tool for future research in the design of AI-driven CDSS.
Sleep problems are common in individuals with low back pain (LBP) and sleep restriction seems to be associated with impaired pain processing. Our objective was to investigate whether sleep is associated with future LBP outcomes (i.e. pain intensity, disability, and recovery) in adults. We conducted a systematic review of prospective cohort studies and secondary analyses of randomized controlled trials (registration-PROSPERO CRD42022370781). In December 2022, we searched the MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases. Fourteen studies, totaling 19 170 participants were included. Thirteen studies were rated as having high risk of bias (QUIPS tool). We used vote-counting and meta-analysis approaches to synthesize the data. We found associations between baseline sleep with future pain intensity, recovery, and between changes in sleep with changes in pain intensity, changes in disability, and recovery. We further synthesized outcomes as "overall LBP improvement" outcomes. Baseline poor sleep was moderately associated with non-improvement in LBP in the long-very long term (OR 1.55, 95% CI: 1.39 to 1.73; three studies providing unadjusted effect sizes), and non-improvement in sleep was largely associated with non-improvement in LBP in the short-moderate term (OR 3.45, 95% CI: 2.54 to 4.69; four studies providing unadjusted effect sizes). We found no association between baseline sleep with future disability and overall LBP improvement in the short-moderate term. Therefore, sleep may be a prognostic factor for pain intensity and recovery from LBP. All findings were supported by low to very low-quality evidence. Better-conducted studies are needed to strengthen our certainty about the evidence.
Participants will walk for 60 minutes at 60% maximal oxygen uptake on day 1. Participants will return the following day and consume a high fat breakfast and lunch.
Publicly accessible weather radar data have significant capabilities for meteorological measurements and predictions and, further, have the potential to measure nonmeteorological events that include smoke, ash, and debris plumes as well as explosions. The ability to identify and track nonmeteorological events can be of assistance in emergency response, hazard mitigation, and related activities in locations where radar coverage both exists and is recorded and accessible to the user. In this study, events from multiple locations in the United States that are reported in news outlets are assessed using a manual inspection process of Level 2 weather radar data to identify anthropogenic and nonbiological returns. Explosive events are also identified, and a large high-altitude debris cloud from the intentional destruction of the SpaceX Starship is tracked across a wide area. Finally, future efforts using a machine learning model are discussed as a means of automating the process and potentially enabling near-real-time nonmeteorological event identification in the same areas where the data are accessible. Using weather radar data can be a valuable new tool for Department of Defense systems to aid in military awareness, and for interagency emergency response and forensic mission experts to consider national weather service data in their mission profiles. Radar data can be effective in detecting several common types of emergencies and inform and aid response personnel.
Background Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is an imprinting disorder caused by (epi)genetic alterations at 11p15. Because approximately 20% of patients test negative via molecular testing of peripheral blood leukocytes, the concept of Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum (BWSp) was established to encompass a broader cohort with diverse and overlapping phenotypes. The prevalence of other overgrowth syndromes concealed within molecularly negative BWSp remains unexplored. Methods We conducted whole-exome sequencing (WES) on 69 singleton patients exhibiting molecularly negative BWSp. Variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing or quantitative genomic PCR. We compared BWSp scores and clinical features between groups with classical BWS (cBWS), atypical BWS or isolated lateralised overgrowth (aBWS+ILO) and overgrowth syndromes identified via WES. Results Ten patients, one classified as aBWS and nine as cBWS, showed causative gene variants for Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (five patients), Sotos syndrome (two), Imagawa-Matsumoto syndrome (one), glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis defect 11 (one) or 8q duplication/9p deletion (one). BWSp scores did not distinguish between cBWS and other overgrowth syndromes. Birth weight and height in other overgrowth syndromes were significantly larger than in aBWS+ILO and cBWS, with varying intergroup frequencies of clinical features. Conclusion Molecularly negative BWSp encapsulates other syndromes, and considering both WES and clinical features may facilitate accurate diagnosis.
Calcium is the fifth most abundant element in the body and the major fraction is in the bony structure. Calcium plays important physiological roles, many of which are poorly understood. It is essential for the functional integrity of the nervous and muscular systems. It is necessary for normal cardiac function and is one of the factors that operates in the mechanisms involved in the coagulation of blood.

Calcium chloride in water dissociates to provide calcium (Ca++) and chloride (Cl-) ions. They are normal constituents of the body fluids and are dependent on various physiological mechanisms for maintenance of balance between intake and output. Approximately 80% of body calcium is excreted in the feces as insoluble salts; urinary excretion accounts for the remaining 20%.
Dual blockade of the RAS with angiotensin receptor blockers, ACE inhibitors, or aliskiren is associated with increased risks of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and changes in renal function (including acute renal failure) compared to monotherapy.

The VA NEPHRON trial enrolled 1448 patients with type 2 diabetes, elevated urinary-albumin-to-creatinine ratio, and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR 30 to 89.9 mL/min), randomized them to lisinopril or placebo on a background of losartan therapy and followed them for a median of 2.2 years. Patients receiving the combination of losartan and lisinopril did not obtain any additional benefit compared to monotherapy for the combined endpoint of decline in GFR, end stage renal disease, or death, but experienced an increased incidence of hyperkalemia and acute kidney injury compared with the monotherapy group.

In general, avoid combined use of RAS inhibitors. Closely monitor blood pressure, renal function and electrolytes in patients on QBRELIS and other agents that affect the RAS.

Do not co-administer aliskiren with QBRELIS in patients with diabetes. Avoid use of aliskiren with QBRELIS in patients with renal impairment (GFR < 60 mL/min).
There is a need to develop a treatment for metabolic syndrome, which is directed to maintaining healthy liver metabolism and not indirectly through weight loss. The present invention provides a composition comprising whey protein for supporting and improving liver metabolism, especially in connection with fatty liver. The composition can further comprise Ca and health improving components such as probiotics and prebiotics. The composition can be in the form of food, health food, food supplement or drugs. Furthermore, due to the complexity of choice of a valid biomarker and sample matrix, there is a special need to find out specific biomarkers for fatty liver and metabolic syndrome. This invention also relates to a diagnostic method for determining fatty liver on the basis of metabolomic profiling. Statistical modelling methods are used on the metabolomic profiles to identify the biomarkers.
PURPOSE:To provide the inflammatory disease-improving therapeutic agent containing the extract of Asparagus.linearis of Leguminosae plant as an active ingredient and useful for the treatments of pancreatitis and viral diseases. CONSTITUTION:The agent contains as an active ingredient the extract obtained by extracting the leaves or stems of Asparagus.linearis belonging to the genus Leguminosae with water and/or an organic solvent (e.g. methanol). The extract is suitably mixed with conventional medicinal carrier, excipient, binder, diluent, etc., and subsequently prepared into preparations such as granules, powder, capsules, coatings, syrups, suppositories, injections, etc. The agent is preferably drunk at a dose of 100-1500ml/day as a solution of 1-5g dried leaves/liter, when commonly administered as a drink. The agent can rapidly treat and improve without causing any adverse side effects.
Compounds of calcium iodide with neutral organic derivatives of ammonia such as ureas or free or linked amino acids, are prepared by mixing aqueous or alcoholic solutions of the iodide and of the organic substance and allowing crystallization to take place; if necessary the mixture may be first refluxed or partially evaporated. Examples are given of the preparation of compounds of calcium iodide with glycocoll, alanine, urea and ethyl urethane. The products are not deliquescent or affected by carbon dioxide, and are intended for therapeutical use.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) also describes the preparation of a compound from glycly-glycine. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
The overall goal of this study is to increase knowledge of vaping and its associated risks. This study will find the patterns of vaping, and how it all started among adolescents. Investigators want to know if students are aware of the serious and long term effects of vaping. This program titled, "To Vape or Not to Vape", will provide education to adolescents and young adults about the potential risk of vaping in an effort to assist with lowering the usage rates within the population. Content will include information about current statistics, potential short-term and long-term side-effects, and healthy alternatives for dealing with stress and peer-pressure. Investigators anticipate that this program will increase this population's knowledge about the risks of vaping products, and deter them from future use of the products. Effectiveness of this program will be measured by pre and post-tests.