anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Functional recovery after stroke is often limited, despite various treatment methods such as robot-assisted therapy. Repetitive sensory stimulation (RSS) might be a promising add-on therapy that is thought to directly drive plasticity processes. First positive effects on sensorimotor function have been shown. However, clinical studies are scarce, and the effect of RSS combined with robot-assisted training has not been evaluated yet. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the feasibility and sensorimotor effects of RSS (compared to a control group receiving sham stimulation) followed by robot-assisted arm therapy.
METHODS: Forty participants in the subacute phase (4.4-23.9 weeks) after stroke with a moderate to severe arm paresis were randomized to RSS or control group. Participants received 12 sessions of (sham-) stimulation within 3 weeks. Stimulation of the fingertips and the robot-assisted therapy were each applied in 45-min sessions. Motor and sensory outcome assessments (e.g. Fugl-Meyer-Assessment, grip strength) were measured at baseline, post intervention and at a 3-week follow-up.
RESULTS: Participants in both groups improved their sensorimotor function from baseline to post and follow-up measurements, as illustrated by most motor and sensory outcome assessments. However, no significant group effects were found for any measures at any time ( P > 0.058). Stimulations were well accepted, no safety issues arose.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Feasibility of robot-assisted therapy with preceding RSS in persons with moderate to severe paresis was demonstrated. However, RSS preceding robot-assisted training failed to show a preliminary effect compared to the control intervention. Participants might have been too severely affected to identify changes driven by the RSS, or these might have been diluted or more difficult to identify because of the additional robotic training and neurorehabilitation.
VIDEO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE: for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A478 ).
Cohort of infants born at less than 28 weeks gestational age. Data collected from NIRS monitoring, other physiological monitoring, cranial ultrasound scans and neurodevelopmental follow up assessments that are part of routine clinical care. This data will be analysed to fulfil secondary study objectives. There are no additional study specific interventions or exposures for this group.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrostatically coupled polymer composite material composed of a specific electrostatically coupled polymer and a charged compound, utilizable in the field of cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, cellular engineering, microorganisms, etc., and useful in the field of a compound transfer system, drug delivery system, etc. SOLUTION: The objective composite material is composed of (A) an electrostatically coupled polymer obtained by the polymerization of (i) a hydrophilic monomer having a group of formula I (R<1> to R<3> are each H or a 1-4C alkyl; (n) is 2-4) and (ii) a monomer composition containing a charged monomer and (B) a charged compound having an electrostatic charge opposite to the charge of the charged monomer. The component Ai is a hydrophilic monomer of formula II and the component Aii is preferably a charged monomer having carboxyl group, amino group, etc. as an electrostatic functional group. The component B is one or more substances selected from nucleic acid-relating substances, drugs, peptides and proteins. The contents of the component Ai and the component Aii in the total monomer in the monomer composition are preferably each 10-90 wt.%.
Methods, systems, and devices for event prediction are described. The method may include receiving real-time data associated with one or more measurements by a device. The method may also include updating one or more slope lines based on past instances of the real-time data and generating a feature vector based on the real-time data and the one or more slopes lines. The method may further include passing the first feature vector through an artificial neural network (ANN) and identifying an ANN output that acts as a predictive score. The method may also include predicting whether or not an event will occur based on the predictive score. In some cases, the predictive score may be passed through a voting mechanism, and the prediction of whether or not the event will occur may depend on an output of the voting mechanism.
Lignocaine HCl (1%) - administered by wound infiltration to a maximum dose of 4.5mg/kg Bupivocaine HCl (0.25%) - administered by wound infiltration to a maximum dose of 2 mg/kg plus Midazolam - administered intravenously. 1 mg given stat. Titrated by 1 mg to a maximum dose of 10 mg.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Gleditsiae sinensis fructus Pills (GF) is a famous classical prescription, that is regularly combined with Jujubae fructus (JF) for the treatment of chronic bronchitis (CB) in the clinic. While the clinical efficacy of this combination prescription is clearly established, the active ingredients and molecular mechanisms remain unclear.
AIM OF THE STUDY: To elucidate the mechanisms of action of Gleditsiae sinensis fructus Pills combined with Jujubae fructus (GF&JF) against CB based on network pharmacology and experimental verification.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The potential targets of GF&JF involved in therapeutic activity against CB were predicted based on network pharmacology and an "ingredients-targets" network constructed. The Metascape database was used for Module, GO functional and KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analyses of potential targets. Molecular docking was applied to simulate the binding activities of key candidate active ingredients to core targets. For experimental verification, a CB model was established through smoking and nasal cavity drip of lipopolysaccharide. Related inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-6 and IL-8 in serum, and IL-4 IL-8, IFN-γ and IL-10 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), were detected using ELISA. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson staining were performed to observe pathological changes in lung and tracheal tissue. The expression of related proteins and mRNAs in the lung tissue were detected using immunohistochemistry (IHC), quantitative real-time PCR, and western blot.
RESULTS: In network pharmacology, 36 common targets of GF&JF for CB were screened and the key targets and main signaling pathways identified. The active ingredients quercetin and stigmasterol in GF&JF had more targets for CB, which displayed good binding activity to IL-6, VEGFA, and EGFR, as established from molecular docking results. In vivo, GF&JF effectively inhibit the inflammatory response in CB mice and improved pathological changes in lung and tracheal tissue. In terms of the key proteins of the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, GF&JF induced significant down-regulation of IL-6, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, EGFR, CASPASE-3, AGEs and RAGE proteins in lung tissue as well as mRNA expression of IL-6, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, EGFR, AGEs and RAGE.
CONCLUSIONS: The GF&JF combination exerts a good therapeutic effect in CB model mice, which may be attributed to inhibition of the inflammatory response as well as regulation on the expression of AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. In addition, quercetin and stigmasterol appear to be the main active ingredients of GF&JF in the treatment of CB.
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by severely elevated plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDL-C) and premature coronary heart disease. Most of FH patients (about 95% of cases) are attributed to functional loss mutation of the LDL receptor (LDLR) gene. The prevalence of the heterozygous mutations in LDLR has been estimated at 1 in 200 to 1 in 500 in the population, and the homozygous form in 1 in 100000 individuals. As a key lipoprotein receptor on the surface of hepatocyte, the LDLR is critical for liver clearing LDL-C from the circulation. By endocytosis and further processing of the LDL-C, LDLR is responsible for removing most excess LDL-C from the serum, and there are no substitutes in vivo. These heterozygotes (HeFH) typically have twice the normal plasma LDL levels and cardiovascular diseases at an earlier age. Homozygous individuals (HoFH) face much higher LDL-C levels and often die before the age of 20 years if untreated. Although existing therapeutics, such as statins, ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitors, have some beneficial effects on HeFH, few drugs have therapeutic effects on HoFH even at high-doses. Lipid apheresis and liver transplantation are the current clinical managements to reduce the LDL-C level, while gene therapy holds the promise.

Exosomes are small intracellular vesicles ranging in 30-150 nm size and have an important role in cell-cell communication. Many studies show that exosome can efficiently deliver cargos, such as mRNA, miRNA and even plasmid DNA, to target cells, emerging as a promising therapeutic carrier for gene therapy. Compared with virus, exosomes, as "natural nanoparticles", are easy to handle, non-cytotoxic and non-immunogenic. It is thus promising to develop exosome-based LDLR-gene delivery strategy and explore the therapeutic effects on HoFH.

In this study, an Ldlr-expressing virus vector will be constructed to generate Ldlr mRNA-enriched exosomes. To meet the standards of clinical trials, we will use the GMP-grade compliant normal donor bone marrow-derived MSCs to produce exosomes. Exosomes will be enriched by filtration and ultracentrifugation, and then normalized by Nanosight, Electron microscopy and key exosomes biomarkers. In order to ensure the safety of patients, we plan to inject exosomes through abdominal puncture under ultrasound guidance, and purchase medical insurance for patients. This first-in-human study is aimed to evaluate the safety of this exosome product for gene therapy and preliminary evidence of efficacy using plasma LDL-C levels as a surrogate biomarker. The study is promising to provide a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia patients.
For multiple reasons, the SCOT investigators and the sponsor of the SCOT trial, the Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation (DAIT) of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), determined that it is important to track the course of a 'matched' group of patients, who are not exposed to these treatments but receive currently available therapy in the community. First, such a group will provide information to determine if the SCOT entry criteria do indeed identify these high-risk individuals. More importantly, such a group of patients is likely to be treated with a variety of medical regimens, including some immunosuppressive therapy with cyclophosphamide or other immunosuppressive agents that may modify the natural history of the disease. In evaluating the relative efficacy of the two treatment regimens, it will be important to assess whether outcomes in the subjects treated under the SCOT protocol have outcome profiles that differ from those associated with the matched group of patients treated in the community. One readily available group that meets these criteria are those individuals who are otherwise eligible for the SCOT trial but fail to be randomized because they either decline to participate or are denied insurance coverage to receive the SCOT treatment regimens.

The duration of this trial is 44 months. Participants will be enrolled over the same period as the SCOT trial. Participants will follow the course of treatment prescribed by their treating physician with no interference from the registry. All participant contact, including obtainment of informed consent and telephone interview regarding outcome measurements will be performed by SCOT study personnel at the University of Texas, Houston (one of the SCOT transplant centers). Participants will be contacted by phone every 3 months to determine vital status, record medical and other therapy, and administer the modified Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire (S-HAQ). Medical records will be obtained to verify self-reported medical events.
Patients receive paclitaxel IV over 3 hours and carboplatin IV over 30 minutes (with or without bevacizumab IV over 30-90 minutes) on day 1. Patients also receive placebo PO QD on days 1-21. Treatment repeats every 21 days for 6 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of 6 courses, patients with stable or responding disease may continue to receive placebo (with or without bevacizumab) as above in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Sertraline undergoes extensive first pass metabolism. The principal initial pathway of metabolism for sertraline is N-demethylation. 

N-desmethylsertraline has a plasma terminal elimination half-life of 62 to 104 hours. Both in vitro biochemical and in vivo pharmacological testing have shown N-desmethylsertraline to be substantially less active than sertraline. Both sertraline and N-desmethylsertraline undergo oxidative deamination and subsequent reduction, hydroxylation, and glucuronide conjugation. In a study of radiolabeled sertraline involving two healthy male subjects, sertraline accounted for less than 5% of the plasma radioactivity. About 40-45% of the administered radioactivity was recovered in urine in 9 days. Unchanged sertraline was not detectable in the urine. For the same period, about 40-45% of the administered radioactivity was accounted for in feces, including 12-14% unchanged sertraline. 

Desmethylsertraline exhibits time-related, dose dependent increases in AUC (0-24 hour), Cmax and Cmin, with about a 5-9 fold increase in these pharmacokinetic parameters between day 1 and day 14.
Loss of tear homeostasis, characterized by hyperosmolarity of the ocular surface, induces cell damage through inflammation and oxidation. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), a sensor for osmotic changes, plays a crucial role as a calcium ion channel in the pathogenesis of hypertonic-related eye diseases. Capsaicin (CAP), a potent phytochemical, alleviates inflammation during oxidative stress events by activating TRPV1. However, the pharmacological use of CAP for eye treatment is limited by its pungency. Nitro dihydrocapsaicin (NDHC) was synthesized with aromatic ring modification of CAP structure to overcome the pungent effect. We compared the molecular features of NDHC and CAP, along with their biological activities in human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells, focusing on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The results demonstrated that NDHC maintained cell viability, cell shape, and exhibited lower cytotoxicity compared to CAP-treated cells. Moreover, NDHC prevented oxidative stress and inflammation in HCE cells following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. These findings underscore the beneficial effect of NDHC in alleviating ocular surface inflammation, suggesting that NDHC may serve as an alternative anti-inflammatory agent targeting TRPV1 for improving hyperosmotic stress-induced ocular surface damage.
In addition to traditional physiotherapy, traditional physiotherapy will be applied 2 days a week, 6 times in total, followed by 3 weeks. Kinesio tape has been developed to reflect the properties of the skin, its thickness is similar to the epidermis layer of the skin, and its elasticity is similar to the elastic properties of human skin. Participants should be informed that the patch will remain for several days and will not be removed by bathing or swimming. Kinesio tape will be applied to the deltoid muscle with the starting point at 0 tension while the arm is in a relaxed position and will be slightly heated. It will be applied in addition to traditional physiotherapy 2 days a week for 3 weeks.
The effectiveness of LAMICTAL XR as adjunctive therapy in subjects with PGTC seizures was established in a 19-week, international, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 143 patients aged 13 years and older (n = 70 on LAMICTAL XR, n = 73 on placebo). Patients with at least 3 PGTC seizures during an 8-week baseline phase were randomized to 19 weeks of treatment with LAMICTAL XR or placebo added to their current AED regimen of up to 2 drugs. Patients were dosed on a fixed-dose regimen, with target doses ranging from 200 to 500 mg/day of LAMICTAL XR based on concomitant AEDs (target dose = 200 mg for valproate, 300 mg for AEDs not altering plasma lamotrigine levels, and 500 mg for enzyme-inducing AEDs).

The primary efficacy endpoint was percent change from baseline in PGTC seizure frequency during the double-blind treatment phase. For the intent-to-treat population, the median percent reduction in PGTC seizure frequency was 75% in patients treated with LAMICTAL XR and 32% in patients treated with placebo, a difference that was statistically significant, defined as a 2-sided P value <0.05.

Figure 1 presents the percentage of patients (X-axis) with a percent reduction in PGTC seizure frequency (responder rate) from baseline through the entire treatment period at least as great as that represented on the Y-axis. A positive value on the Y-axis indicates an improvement from baseline (i.e., a decrease in seizure frequency), while a negative value indicates a worsening from baseline (i.e., an increase in seizure frequency). Thus, in a display of this type, a curve for an effective treatment is shifted to the left of the curve for placebo. The proportion of patients achieving any particular level of reduction in PGTC seizure frequency was consistently higher for the group treated with LAMICTAL XR compared with the placebo group. For example, 70% of patients randomized to LAMICTAL XR experienced a 50% or greater reduction in PGTC seizure frequency, compared with 32% of patients randomized to placebo. Patients with an increase in seizure frequency >100% are represented on the Y-axis as ≥-100%.

Figure 1. Proportion of Patients by Responder Rate for LAMICTAL XR and Placebo Group (Primary Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures Study)
Agent (D) for oxidatively dyeing hair is prepd. by mixing a dye material with an oxidising agent immediately before use. The agent has a pH less than 8 and contains a combination of a coupler and a developer (I). (I) is 2-(2,5-diaminophenyl)-ethanol or its water-soluble salt. Also claimed is a method for oxidatively dyeing hair. In the method, (D) is applied and left to stand for 10-45 mins. at 15-50 degrees C. and then the hair is rinsed and dried.
The present invention provides relates to an edible composition for anti-diabetic benefit. Diabetes is one of the major and commonly occurring health problems in today's world. Pharmaceuticals companies are very active in this field to develop new medicines for preventing and controlling diabetes. There are several medicines available in the market for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. There are also prior arts which describes composition for the prevention of glucose intolerance and/or diabetes. We have found that though prior that discloses compositions for prevention of glucose intolerance and/or diabetes, it is not that effective for preventing diabetes. The present inventors while working extensively for providing an edible composition for preventing diabetes have surprisingly found that a particular combination of Inula racemosa and theobromine is effective for controlling and/or preventive diabetes thereby satisfying one or more of the aforesaid objects.
A mechanism is provided in a data processing system comprising at least one processor and at least one memory comprising instructions, which are executed by the at least one processor and configure the processor to implement a patient information extractor. The patient information extractor receives a query specification for executing a query on a patient electronic medical record (EMR). The query specification provides parameters indicating a methodology for extracting search results from the patient EMR. The patient information extractor retrieves the patient EMR from a patient registry. The patient information extractor automatically executes the query specification on the retrieved patient EMR to thereby extract the search results from the patient EMR in accordance with the parameters of the query specification. The patient information extractor automatically processes the extracted search results to generate a patient indicator value. The patient indicator value represents an answer to a question about the patient. A patient evaluation operation is performed based on the patient indicator value.
Nausea was the most common adverse reaction reported with varenicline tablets treatment. Nausea was generally described as mild or moderate and often transient; however, for some patients, it was persistent over several months. The incidence of nausea was dose-dependent. Initial dose-titration was beneficial in reducing the occurrence of nausea. For patients treated to the maximum recommended dose of 1 mg twice daily following initial dosage titration, the incidence of nausea was 30% compared with 10% in patients taking a comparable placebo regimen. In patients taking varenicline tablets 0.5 mg twice daily following initial titration, the incidence was 16% compared with 11% for placebo. Approximately 3% of patients treated with varenicline tablets 1 mg twice daily in studies involving 12 weeks of treatment discontinued treatment prematurely because of nausea. For patients with intolerable nausea, a dose reduction should be considered.
Diltiazem hydrochloride is extensively metabolized by the liver and excreted by the kidneys and in bile. As with any drug given over prolonged periods, laboratory parameters of renal and hepatic function should be monitored at regular intervals. The drug should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal or hepatic function. In subacute and chronic dog and rat studies designed to produce toxicity, high doses of diltiazem were associated with hepatic damage. In special subacute hepatic studies, oral doses of 125 mg/kg and higher in rats were associated with histological changes in the liver which were reversible when the drug was discontinued. In dogs, doses of 20 mg/kg were also associated with hepatic changes; however, these changes were reversible with continued dosing.  
  
Dermatological events (see ADVERSE REACTIONS) may be transient and may disappear despite continued use of diltiazem hydrochloride. However, skin eruptions progressing to erythema multiforme and/or exfoliative dermatitis have also been infrequently reported. Should a dermatologic reaction persist, the drug should be discontinued.
The invention discloses a preparation method of cynomorium songaricum polysaccharide and a preparation method of cynomorium songaricum polysaccharide antineoplastic agents. The cynomorium songaricum polysaccharide mainly exits in cells or cell walls. According to the preparation method, enzyme agents are added in the extracting process, the cell walls can be degraded under a mild condition, cells without cell walls are broken through high-speed stirring, the release of polysaccharide is promoted, and the effect of improving the extracting rate is achieved. The preparation method improves the extracting rate of the cynomorium songaricum polysaccharide by 10-65% compared with a traditional water extract and alcohol precipitate method, and improves the content of the cynomorium songaricum polysaccharide by 5-40%. The preparation method is simple in process, low in extracting cost, and suitable for industrialized production. The prepared cynomorium songaricum polysaccharid extracted through the method is high in purity, and the ynomorium songaricum polysaccharide agents can be directly prepared and have various effects such as immunity enhancement, fatigue prevention and tumor prevention, and are suitable for tumor patients.
Each subject will be provided one-to-one dietary counselling by a research dietitian and an instruction sheet to achieve the healthy eating pattern diet. Subjects will also be provided specific instructions to cook and consume 15 g/day wolfberry as part of a mixed-meal.