anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Thoracic musculoskeletal deformities are significant complications following open correction of esophageal atresia (EA) during long-term follow-up. We aimed to compare the frequency and severity of thoracic musculoskeletal deformities after open and thoracoscopic repair of EA. We hypothesized that fewer deformities would occur following the less invasive thoracoscopic approach.
METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed patients treated at two pediatric surgery departments in Poland between 2005 and 2021. The patient groups differed in surgical approach, operative techniques, indications for multi-staged surgery, and postoperative complications. The study encompassed all types of EA/TEF. The first group comprised 68 patients who underwent thoracoscopic esophageal atresia repair (Wroclaw), while the second group involved 44 patients who underwent open repair (Warsaw). Clinical data were retrospectively reviewed, with results considered significant at p < 0.05.
RESULTS: The median age at examination was 6 years in the thoracoscopy group and 5.5 years in the thoracotomy group. In the thoracoscopy group, 53 out of 68 patients (77.9%) and in the thoracotomy group - 35 out of 44 patients (79.5%) were treated in one stage. The incidence of thoracic musculoskeletal deformities was significantly lower in the thoracoscopy group (1.5%) compared to the thoracotomy group (34.1%, p < 0.001). Scoliosis occurred significantly more often after thoracotomy (13.6% vs 1.5%, p = 0.016). There was no rib fusion (0% vs 37.1%, p < 0.001) and no scoliosis of =>20° (0% vs 6.8%, p = 0.058) after thoracoscopy. The coincidence of rib fusion and scoliosis was significant (9.1%, p = 0.022) for the open approach. In the thoracotomy group, multi-staged surgery and more frequent reoperations due to major complications were significantly associated with an increased occurrence of deformities. None of the patients after thoracoscopic multi-stage or complicated EA/TEF repair developed scoliosis.
CONCLUSIONS: The frequency and severity of thoracic musculoskeletal deformities were significantly lower after the thoracoscopic approach. Thoracoscopy may be a more advantageous and preferred surgical approach for the EA/TEF treatment, although further randomized, controlled studies are necessary. Post-thoracotomy scoliosis may progress to a severity requiring surgery.
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition with phase that generates cloudy phenomenone is provided to induce phase transformation into cream phase. CONSTITUTION: A cosmetic composition with phase transformation contains 0.1-10.0 weight% of acyl taurate anion surfactants as an active ingredient. The acyl taurate anion surfactant is sodium methyl cocoyltaurate, sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, or sodium methyl myristoyl taurate. The cosmetic composition further contains 0.5-15.0 weight% of higher fatty alcohol as an active ingredient. The composition additionally contains polyol, lecithin, ceramide, and cholesterol and derivative thereof. The cosmetic composition is used for skin moisturizing.
Fluid resuscitation will be aimed at normalizing or decreasing lactate levels by more than 20% every 2 hours during the intervention during the intervention period. Fluid challenges will be administered at a rate of 500 ml of crystalloids over 30 minutes, with reassessment of lactate every 2 hours until reaching target, or the patient becomes fluid unresponsive, or a safety issue develops.
Because most humans resist Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, there is a paucity of lung samples to study. To address this gap, we infected Diversity Outbred mice with M. tuberculosis and studied the lungs of mice in different disease states. After a low-dose aerosol infection, progressors succumbed to acute, inflammatory lung disease within 60 days, while controllers maintained asymptomatic infection for at least 60 days, and then developed chronic pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) lasting months to more than 1 year. Here, we identified features of asymptomatic M. tuberculosis infection by applying computational and statistical approaches to multimodal data sets. Cytokines and anti-M. tuberculosis cell wall antibodies discriminated progressors vs controllers with chronic pulmonary TB but could not classify mice with asymptomatic infection. However, a novel deep-learning neural network trained on lung granuloma images was able to accurately classify asymptomatically infected lungs vs acute pulmonary TB in progressors vs chronic pulmonary TB in controllers, and discrimination was based on perivascular and peribronchiolar lymphocytes. Because the discriminatory lesion was rich in lymphocytes and CD4 T cell-mediated immunity is required for resistance, we expected CD4 T-cell genes would be elevated in asymptomatic infection. However, the significantly different, highly expressed genes were from B-cell pathways (e.g., Bank1, Cd19, Cd79, Fcmr, Ms4a1, Pax5, and H2-Ob), and CD20+ B cells were enriched in the perivascular and peribronchiolar regions of mice with asymptomatic M. tuberculosis infection. Together, these results indicate that genetically controlled B-cell responses are important for establishing asymptomatic M. tuberculosis lung infection.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Excessive fragmentary myoclonus (EFM) is a frequent finding in patients undergoing video-polysomnography (VPSG). We aimed to evaluate the potential effect of sleep-related breathing disorder's treatment with positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy on EFM.
METHODS: One hundred consecutive patients with EFM and sleep-related breathing disorder subsequently treated with PAP at the sleep lab of the Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Neurology, Austria, were included. Each patient underwent two nights of VPSG: the first night without and the second night with PAP therapy. Fragmentary myoclonus was automatically scored with validated software, and fragmentary myoclonus index (FMI) and minutes of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep with EFM (minNREM+EFM) were calculated.
RESULTS: Under PAP therapy there was a significant decrease in the minNREM+EFM - 60.5 (9.5-161.8) at baseline vs. 37.5 (6.3-168.8) minutes under PAP, p = 0.025. No significant differences were observed for FMI between the two nights. Sleep variables, sleep diagnoses, comorbidities, and medication did not influence FMI or the minNREM+EFM.
CONCLUSIONS: The initiation of PAP treatment led to a significant reduction of minNREM+EFM, but not of FMI. The results suggest that PAP therapy might influence the distribution of FM potentials.
The investigators will evaluate the Periviable GOALS DST in a randomized controlled trial among 144 pregnant patients between 22 0/7 and 25 6/7 weeks gestation who are hospitalized for a pregnancy complication that threatens periviable delivery. Pregnant patients agreeing to participate will be asked to identify whom they will primarily rely on for assistance in making decisions regarding their delivery plan (e.g., father of the baby, partner, a family member, or any other important individual in the patient's life), referred to as the 'important other' (IO). In terms of IO recruitment goals, the investigators anticipate recruiting 72 IOs. This goal is based on our previous work with a similar population of pregnant patients, in which about half identified an 'important other' to be included in the study.

Recruitment will be conducted at Indiana University (IU), the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), the University of Kansas, the University of California at San Diego (UCSD), Northwestern University, The Ohio State University (OSU), and the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn).

This study consists of 3-4 points of data collection, depending on group assignment. Participants will be randomized into a treatment group or control group at the start of the study. All participants will complete the T0 interview, which consists of a set of baseline questionnaires and survey instruments that will be administered in-person, prior to delivery and after they have been counseled on their neonatal treatment options. Immediately following T0, participants who are assigned to the control group will proceed with usual care. Participants who are randomized to the intervention will review the Periviable GOALS DST, which contains outcomes information, values clarification and embedded short documentary style videos. The content focuses largely on helping patients better understand the choice they have between comfort care and life-sustaining efforts in the context of periviable delivery. After viewing the DST, participants will repeat instruments from T0 and provide feedback regarding the tool's acceptability (T1). Another member of the research team will contact all participants to complete follow-up interviews to assess decision quality, neonatal treatment preference and outcome, and mental health. These interviews will be conducted on postpartum day 1 or 2 (T2), at three months postpartum (T3), and at six months postpartum (T4).
Standard urotherapy will start with the education of the children and their parents about the normal function of the bladder and external urinary sphincter and the nature of their voiding disorder. The importance of regular fluid intake (200 ml 5-6 times per day) and regular voiding will be explained. Special voiding and defecation diaries that a child has to fill out at home will be provided. An optimal voiding posture will be demonstrated in front of a mirror: a sitting position, with feet supported, hips abducted and abdominal muscles relaxed.
Deep neck abscess is one of the diseases in the field of otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery that has high morbidity, mortality, and costs. Management of deep neck abscesses involves incision and drainage, abscess exploration, systemic administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics, management of comorbid factors, and postoperative wound care until healing. Standard dressing for wound care has been time-consuming and costly. Honey is one type of dressing modality that has been widely used in wound care for various parts of the body and diseases. Honey is expected to be a more cost-efficient treatment modality that supports accelerated wound healing, leading to better outcomes and cost savings.

The research design used is a single-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT), where researchers randomly assign one intervention to respondents to compare the effects of honey and Prontosan on the wound healing process. The population and sample of the study include all patients with deep neck abscesses treated at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, the teaching hospital of the Faculty of Medicine Gadjah Mada University and other hospitals equipped with board-certified Otorhinolaryngologists. The participants in the control group were treated with standard dressing, while participants in the study group were treated with standard dressing along with honey dressing.
Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) initiate early allergic inflammation in the lung, but the factors that promote subsequent resolution of type 2 inflammation and prevent prolonged ILC2 activation are not fully known. Here we show that SLAM-family receptors (SFR) play essential roles in this process. We demonstrate dynamic expression of several SFRs on ILC2s during papain-induced type 2 immunity in mice. SFR deficiency exacerbates ILC2-driven eosinophil infiltration in the lung, and results in a significant increase in IL-13 production by ILC2s exclusively in mediastinal lymph nodes (MLN), leading to increased dendritic cell (DC) and TH2 cell numbers. In MLNs, we observe more frequent interaction between ILC2s and bystander T cells, with T cell-expressed SFRs (especially SLAMF3 and SLAMF5) acting as self-ligands to suppress IL-13 production by ILC2s. Mechanistically, homotypic engagement of SFRs at the interface between ILC2s and T cells delivers inhibitory signaling primarily mediated by SHIP-1. This prevents activation of NF-κB, driven by IL-7 and IL-33, two major drivers of ILC2-mediated type 2 immunity. Thus, our study shows that an ILC2-DC-TH2 regulatory axis may promote the resolution of pulmonary type 2 immune responses, and highlights SLAMF3/SLAMF5 as potential therapeutic targets for ameliorating type 2 immunity.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal lung disease characterized by progressive pulmonary vascular remodeling. The initial cause of pulmonary vascular remodeling is the dysfunction of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs), manifested by changes in the categorization of cell subtypes, endothelial programmed cell death, such as apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, et al., overproliferation, senescence, metabolic reprogramming, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, mechanosensitivity, and regulation ability of peripheral cells. Therefore, it is essential to explore the mechanism of endothelial dysfunction in the context of PAH. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction in PAH. We highlight the developmental process of PAECs and changes in PAH and summarise the latest classification of endothelial dysfunction. Our review could offer valuable insights into potential novel EC-specific targets for preventing and treating PAH.
A method of cancer intervention or eradication by administering an effective amount of an endogenous ligand for the aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor (AhR) named ITE or one of its analogs (the active ingredient) to a subject with cancer is disclosed. An effective dose and dosing frequency of the active ingredient are determined by measuring its blood levels of the subject after dosing. The active ingredient formulated with a carrier system is applied topically, enterally, or parenterally to the subject. The formulated drug can also be administered together with one or more of other cancer therapeutic agents. A maintenance dosing is provided after the subject is free of cancer to insure the cancer eradication. Subjects with cancers of prostate, liver, lung, ovarian, and breast are preferably accepted for treatment.
AIMS: Some patients with cardiac dystrophinopathy die suddenly. Whether such deaths are preventable by specific antiarrhythmic management or simply indicate heart failure overwhelming medical therapies is uncertain. The aim of this prospective, cohort study was to describe the occurrence and nature of cardiac arrhythmias recorded during prolonged continuous ECG rhythm surveillance in patients with established cardiac dystrophinopathy and relate them to abnormalities on cardiac MRI.
METHODS AND RESULTS: A cohort of 10 patients (36.3 years; 3 female) with LVEF<40% due to Duchenne (3) or Becker muscular (4) dystrophy or Duchenne muscular dystrophy-gene carrying effects in females (3) were recruited, had cardiac MRI, ECG signal-averaging and ECG loop-recorder implants. All were on standard of care heart medications and none had prior history of arrhythmias.No deaths or brady arrhythmias occurred during median follow-up 30 months (range 13-35). Self-limiting episodes of asymptomatic tachyarrhythmia (range 1-29) were confirmed in 8 (80%) patients (ventricular only 2; ventricular and atrial 6). Higher ventricular arrhythmia burden correlated with extent of myocardial fibrosis (extracellular volume%, p=0.029; native T1, p=0.49; late gadolinium enhancement, p=0.49), but not with LVEF% (p=1.0) on MRI and atrial arrhythmias with left atrial dilatation. Features of VT episodes suggested various underlying arrhythmia mechanisms.
CONCLUSIONS: The overall prevalence of arrhythmias was low. Even in such a small sample size, higher arrhythmia counts occurred in those with larger scar burden and greater ventricular volume, suggesting key roles for myocardial stretch as well as disease progression in arrhythmogenesis. These features overlap with the stage of left ventricular dysfunction when heart failure also becomes overt. The findings of this pilot study should help inform the design of a definitive study of specific antiarrhythmic management in dystrophinopathy.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN15622536.
BM from this cohort of 100 relapsed subjects with a diagnosis of MM will be used to test the MAR assay's accuracy of condition by matching conditions tested in vitro to the patient's planned course of therapy. This is the main study cohort described in the Eligibility section.
Each week, participants in the PP-MI intervention group will complete a PP activity and work towards a physical activity goal, then complete a phone session with a study trainer. Each phone session will include PP and goal setting portions. In the PP portion, the study trainer will (a) review the week's PP exercise, (b) discuss the rationale of the next week's PP exercise through a guided review of the PP-MI manual, and (c) assign the next week's PP exercise. In the goal-setting portion, the trainer will (a) review the participant's physical activity goal from the prior week, (b) discuss techniques for improving physical activity (e.g. tracking activity), and (c) help the participant to set a physical activity goal for the next week. Participants also will receive supplemental text messages throughout the 8 weeks of the intervention and during the initial follow-up period (Week 9-16).
This is a Phase IV study in which breastfeeding mothers treated with ofatumumab and their babies are taking part for up to 1 year. The study consists of a Core Part and a Safety Follow-up Part. The Core Part includes a Screening period and a Sampling period. During the Screening period (up to 4 weeks), the study doctor will assess if mothers can join the study. The Sampling period, during which milk samples and a blood sample will be collected, will last for up to 12 weeks. The Safety Follow-up Part will last for about 9 months, to follow up on health and safety of mothers and their babies.
PURPOSE: An Allium victoriallis L. var. platyphyllum extract is provided to overcome the risk or problem which is caused by overuse or side effect of antioxidant or antibacterial agent. CONSTITUTION: A composition for anti-oxidation comprises Allium victoriallis L. var. platyphyllum extract as an active ingredient. An anti-bacterial composition comprises the Allium victoriallis L. var. platyphyllum extract as an active ingredient. The Allium victoriallis L. var. platyphyllum extract is isolated using an organic solvent selected among a group of ethanol, methanol, propanole, chloroform and acetone.
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TEMODAR Capsules: 

In clinical trials, TEMODAR was administered under both fasting and nonfasting conditions; however, absorption is affected by food [see Clinical Pharmacology (12)], and consistency of administration with respect to food is recommended. There are no dietary restrictions with TEMODAR. To reduce nausea and vomiting, TEMODAR should be taken on an empty stomach. Bedtime administration may be advised. Antiemetic therapy may be administered prior to and/or following administration of TEMODAR.

TEMODAR (temozolomide) Capsules should not be opened or chewed. They should be swallowed whole with a glass of water.

If capsules are accidentally opened or damaged, precautions should be taken to avoid inhalation or contact with the skin or mucous membranes [see How Supplied/Storage and Handling (16.1)].

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TEMODAR for Injection: 

Each vial of TEMODAR for Injection contains sterile and pyrogen-free temozolomide lyophilized powder. When reconstituted with 41 mL Sterile Water for Injection, the resulting solution will contain 2.5 mg/mL temozolomide. Bring the vial to room temperature prior to reconstitution with Sterile Water for Injection. The vials should be gently swirled and not shaken. Vials should be inspected, and any vial containing visible particulate matter should not be used. Do not further dilute the reconstituted solution. After reconstitution, store at room temperature (25°C [77°F]). Reconstituted product must be used within 14 hours, including infusion time.

Using aseptic technique, withdraw up to 40 mL from each vial to make up the total dose based on Table 5 above and transfer into an empty 250 mL infusion bag.2 TEMODAR for Injection should be infused intravenously using a pump over a period of 90 minutes. TEMODAR for Injection should be administered only by intravenous infusion. Flush the lines before and after each TEMODAR infusion.

TEMODAR for Injection may be administered in the same intravenous line with 0.9% Sodium Chloride injection only.

Because no data are available on the compatibility of TEMODAR for Injection with other intravenous substances or additives, other medications should not be infused simultaneously through the same intravenous line.
Dehydration, or the loss of body water, is a common health problem during military operations, athletic events and illness, particularly in children and the elderly. Warfighters frequently become dehydrated when training or fighting in hot and mountainous environments because heat and high altitude increase body water losses. The negative consequences of dehydration worsen as body water losses increase. Severe dehydration (\>10%) is a life-threatening emergency that may result in heat illness, seizures, permanent brain damage or death. The most common type of dehydration is caused by sweat loss during heavy physical labor or exercise (hypertonic dehydration). A different type of dehydration can be caused by blood loss, burns, diarrhea, vomiting or diuretic drugs used for example by diabetics (isotonic dehydration). Despite the critical importance of proper fluid balance to human performance and health, no field-expedient, non-invasive dehydration test is available for either form of dehydration. The ultimate goal of this project is to develop a field-expedient, non-invasive test for both types of dehydration. The test will be sensitive to 2% dehydration, a critical threshold for performance impairment and a statistically valid decision point for hydration assessment.

Design: Fifteen volunteers will be first euhydrated (well-hydrated) and then moderately dehydrated (2-4%) using two procedures. First, sweat loss during exercise in the heat without fluids (hypertonic dehydration). Second, excessive urination stimulated by a diuretic pill called Lasix (isotonic dehydration). SRP biomarkers in saliva samples will be compared to changes in body weight, and to known hydration indicators in blood and urine. Results will identify the best SRP biomarkers for diagnosing both types of dehydration and compare accuracy of the new saliva test to the existing hydration indicators.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hair growing and pilatory composition excellent in hair generating and growing effect for a mammal, and having safety sufficiently durable for use for a long period of time, and a hair growing and pilatory method.  <P>SOLUTION: Hair growth and pilatory action are promoted by suppressing apoptosis induction arising by androgenic hormone action at least at a part desired to grow or nourish hair of a mammal. The suppression of the apoptosis induction is obtained by suppressing apoptosis induction promoting protein activity and/or enhancing apoptosis induction suppressing protein activity with lacto-N-tetraose. The hair growing and pilatory composition is obtained by combining lacto-N-tetraose as an active constituent with other ingredients. In the hair growing and pilatory composition, a various formulations excellent in hair growth and pilatory effect can be obtained by properly selecting other ingredients for a purpose.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT