anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Low back pain is symptomatic pathology in the region between the twelve ribs and lower gluteal line defined as the lumbar region and sometimes accompanied by radicular symptoms spreading to the lower extremity, but it is not considered as a pathology alone. They are evaluated and treated on the basis of symptom duration, potential cause, the presence or absence of radicular symptoms, and the corresponding anatomical or radiographic abnormalities. Exercise is considered an essential element in the management of physical therapy and rehabilitation in patients with chronic low back pain. However, it has been found in the studies that improvements after physical therapy and rehabilitation applications are not preserved in the long term, and recurrence of chronic low back pain is common. In order to prevent this, physiotherapists need to follow their patients for a long time and to participate in the rehabilitation process. With a more cost-effective treatment model such as telerehabilitation, patients can be followed up more efficiently during home exercise. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the home exercise program, which is integrated into 8-week remote asynchronous video telerehabilitation sessions, on clinical status in terms of pain, functionality, quality of life parameters, as well as patient expectation, motivation, and satisfaction levels.
BACKGROUND: Microsurgical cases are complex plastic surgery procedures with a significant risk of acute postoperative complications. In this study, we use a large-scale database to investigate the temporal progression of complications after microsurgical procedures and the risk imparted by acute postoperative complications on subsequent reconstructive outcomes.
METHODS: Microsurgery cases were extracted from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database by Current Procedural Terminology codes. Postoperative complications were collected for 30 days after surgery and stratified into four temporal periods (postoperative days [PODs] 0-6, 7-13, 14-20, 21-30). Postoperative complication occurrences were incorporated into a weighted multivariate logistic regression model to identify significant predictors of adverse outcomes (p < 0.05). Separately, a regression model was calculated for the time between index operation and reoperation and additional complications.
RESULTS: The final cohort comprised 19,517 patients, 6,140 (31.5%) of which experienced at least one complication in the first 30 days after surgery. The occurrence of prior complications in the postoperative period was a significant predictor of future adverse outcomes following the initial week after surgery (p < 0.001). Upon predictive analysis, overall model performance was highest in PODs 7 to 13 (71.1% accuracy and the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve 0.684); 2,578 (13.2%) patients underwent at least one reoperation within the first 2 weeks after surgery. The indication for reoperation (p < 0.001) and number of days since surgery (p = 0.0038) were significant predictors of future complications after reoperation.
CONCLUSION: Prior occurrence of complications in an earlier postoperative week, as well as timing and nature of reoperation, were shown to be significant predictors of future complications.
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between optical blur from poor refractive corrections (glasses) of workers using computers and their productivity and comfort in the workplace. We believe that improving the visual status of subjects who use computers will have a beneficial effect on productivity and visual comfort. All subjects will be required to complete a vision screening at no charge to decide if you qualify for the study. Subjects will select a frame to be worn during the period of the study. Subjects will wear either your best correction or your present prescription in the frame for a period of 1-month. This will be a double-blind study, which means that neither the subject nor your doctors will know which pair of glasses the subjects will be wearing during the parts of the study. Subjects will complete 4 hours of testing during the first period (4 weeks) then the lenses will be switched for the second period (4 weeks). During the testing, subjects will complete two tasks on a standard computer. Either the investigator or co-investigator will explain to you how to do these simple tasks. One of these tasks will involve looking at printed material and entering correct information into the computer. The other task involves finding and deleting apostrophes from a manuscript on the computer. All subjects will answer a short survey before and after these tasks to check on symptoms resulting from using the computer. Before and after each period, the subjects also will answer another survey to measure their visual functioning using these glasses.

The following periodic measurements will be made during the study: productivity and accuracy to enter a list of state populations, and a search for apostrophes (') in a document on one of the states of the U.S. These tasks will require 4 hours testing with each of the two pairs of trial glasses for two periods (each period lasts for one month). Subjects will be asked to return to the clinic for 4 hrs during the first 4-week period and for 4 more hrs during the second 4-week period. At each visit subjects will be asked if they have experienced any undesirable reactions and will complete a short survey.

Subjects will also be required to complete a short 9-question survey to determine their visual comfort before and after 1-hour of work on their own computer at your home or job during each 1-month period of the study. These short phone surveys will take less than 5-minutes to complete and will be arranged at the subject's convenience before and after the subjects are going to be working on your computer for at least 1-hr. This survey will be repeated on five occasions. Finally, 3-months after the experimental portion of the study is completed, all subjects will be required to also answer the same short 9-question survey as you work on your computer. This will also be a phone survey and will be completed on three occasions before and after 1-hr of work on their own computer at home or job.
BACKGROUND: In the post-epidemic era, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remains one of the most prevalent and detrimental infectious diseases worldwide. The incidence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in AIDS patients is 100 times higher than that in healthy individuals. Although Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is ultimately necessary for most patients, there is still a dearth of evidence regarding its safety and efficacy in Chinese AIDS patients.
METHODS: The clinical data of 49 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were retrospectively analyzed. Simultaneously, we categorized patients whose hemoglobin and albumin met a specific threshold as the optimized group and performed group comparisons.
RESULTS: There are statistical differences in Harris score and VAS score pre- and post-operation, with a low overall complication rate. Notably, no disparities were observed between the optimized group and the partial optimized group in terms of overall conditions, laboratory examination indicators, severity of ONFH, surgical outcomes, surgical complications, pain perception or functional limitations. Furthermore, no correlation was found between CD4+ T lymphocytes and hemoglobin levels, albumin levels, white blood cell count, or platelet count.
CONCLUSION: THA is safe and effective in Chinese AIDS patients with ONFH. However, optimal treatment has limited efficacy in AIDS patients undergoing THA for ONFH. The reconsideration and evaluation of the predictive value of CD4+ T lymphocytes for postoperative complications in joint replacement procedures is warranted.
Subjects will be randomized to either receive either left tooth platelet rich fibrin; right tooth implant alone, OR right tooth platelet rich fibrin; left tooth implant alone. Following treatment each tooth is replaced and splinted to the adjacent teeth. Teeth are followed for 3 months and then tested for vitality before extracting and examining histologically.
Asthma affects more than 15 million people in the United States. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), the ranking treatment-of-choice, are safe and highly efficacious in controlled trials, but adherence to ICS medications in real-world settings is poor in all patient groups, especially low-income and minority patients who experience the most morbidity from asthma. Children and adults with asthma take less than half of their prescribed ICS medication. One study found that only 44% of ICS prescriptions for children with asthma were filled. Even the most effective medications have little value if not taken as prescribed. Decreasing use of ICS has been repeatedly linked to poor asthma control and increasing health care utilization.

We will conduct a randomized, practical clinical trial to test the impact of a communication enhancement program for parents of 3-12 year old children with asthma in the largest health maintenance organization (HMO) within Colorado. Research in this setting has the significant advantage of not only establishing the utility of a behavior-changing strategy, but at the same time demonstrating that the strategy can be applied in a large healthcare system and sustained over time. The proposed intervention will be referred to here as the Telecommunication Enhanced Adherence Management (TEAM) program. This proposal builds upon ongoing efforts within Kaiser Permanente of Colorado (KPCO), the participating HMO, to use automated telecommunication technology to prevent diabetes, reduce cardiac risk, reduce calorie consumption, and increase exercise adherence, with the introduction of an intervention to increase adherence with daily ICS therapy. Speech Recognition (SR), the telecommunication technology used in this trial, has not previously been employed to promote adherence in a population of children treated for asthma within a large HMO. TEAM creates a theory-based enhanced communication program using SR with support from asthma care manager nurses. The Asthma Care Manager program already exists within KPCO, but with SR the frequency and quality of communication with parents is expected to improve significantly, resulting in more ICS medication refills, better persistence in ICS use, and improved asthma outcomes. Through SR calls, parents will be reminded and motivated about the importance of continued daily use of ICS medications, asked about their child's recent asthma symptoms, and given the opportunity to receive a call back from an asthma care manager or to place a request for a medication refill.
Healthy subjects (n=60) will be recruited from the community and will not receive medication but will undergo MR scans at the same intervals to assess normal variability in imaging parameters between time points as well as to adjust and interpret comparisons within patients (i.e., whether patient values are changing toward or away from those of healthy adolescents). Neuroimaging evaluations will be performed at baseline and Week 12 (or termination).
We investigate which factors determine the dynamics of CA under the assumption that disturbed dynamics of the relation blood pressure (BP) - cerebral blood flow velocity CBFv) indicate a disturbed CA. Factors to be considered relevant are BP, blood carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration (measured as endtidal CO2 concentration), autonomic nervous system function such as heart rate, pulse pressure amplitude and baroreflex sensitivity, movement or psychological tasks, and in the patients the kind and the severity of the underlying disease. Via different mathematical models the effects of these variables on CBFv as the Output function is evaluated. The most frequently used approach is the use of Transfer functions.

In the registry will include the patients with acute strokes hospitalized at our stroke center. We will include every stroke patient with any Kind and severity of stroke syndromes who gives informed consent and who has a so called temporal ultrasound window to insonate the middle cerebral artery. BP will be measure noninvasively by a Finapres device. Items registered are Age, gender, cerebrovascular risk factors, temperature, mean BP and ist variability on days 1-3, stroke classification using TOAST, Perfusion Computed Tomography and MRI, and at the time of the simultaneous recordings of CBFv and BP the endtidal CO2, mean BP, mean pulsatility index, and after Transfer function analysis coherence, gain and Phase in different frequency ranges
BACKGROUND: Constipation, a highly prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder, induces a significant burden on the quality of patients' life and is associated with substantial healthcare expenditures. Therefore, identifying efficient therapeutic modalities for constipation is of paramount importance. Oxidative stress is a pivotal contributor to colonic dysmotility and is the underlying pathology responsible for constipation symptoms. Consequently, we postulate that hydrogen therapy, an emerging and promising intervention, can serve as a safe and efficacious treatment for constipation.
AIM: To determine whether hydrogen-rich water (HRW) alleviates constipation and its potential mechanism.
METHODS: Constipation models were established by orally loperamide to Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats freely consumed HRW, and were recorded their 24 h total stool weight, fecal water content, and charcoal propulsion rate. Fecal samples were subjected to 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Serum non-targeted metabolomic analysis, malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase levels were determined. Colonic tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff, reactive oxygen species (ROS) immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry for cell growth factor receptor kit (c-kit), PGP 9.5, sirtuin1 (SIRT1), nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analysis were conducted to determine the expression level of SIRT1, Nrf2 and HO-1. A rescue experiment was conducted by intraperitoneally injecting the SIRT1 inhibitor, EX527, into constipated rats. NCM460 cells were induced with H2O2 and treated with the metabolites to evaluate ROS and SIRT1 expression.
RESULTS: HRW alleviated constipation symptoms by improving the total amount of stool over 24 h, fecal water content, charcoal propulsion rate, thickness of the intestinal mucus layer, c-kit expression, and the number of intestinal neurons. HRW modulated intestinal microbiota imbalance and abnormalities in serum metabolism. HRW could also reduce intestinal oxidative stress through the SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. This regulatory effect on oxidative stress was confirmed via an intraperitoneal injection of a SIRT1 inhibitor to constipated rats. The serum metabolites, β-leucine (β-Leu) and traumatic acid, were also found to attenuate H2O2-induced oxidative stress in NCM460 cells by up-regulating SIRT1.
CONCLUSION: HRW attenuates constipation-associated intestinal oxidative stress via SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, modulating gut microbiota and serum metabolites. β-Leu and traumatic acid are potential metabolites that upregulate SIRT1 expression and reduce oxidative stress.
OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the impact of adjuvant monoclonal antibody BEC2 and BCG on survival of patients with limited stage small cell lung cancer. II. Determine the safety of this regimen in these patients. III. Determine progression-free survival and quality of life of these patients treated with this regimen.

OUTLINE: This is a randomized, multicenter study. Patients are stratified according to center, Karnofsky performance status (60-70% vs 80-100%), and response to first-line combined modality treatment (complete vs partial). Within 3-7 weeks after completion of prior induction chemoradiotherapy, responding patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms. Arm I: Patients receive best supportive care and are observed until disease progression is documented. Arm II: Patients receive adjuvant monoclonal antibody BEC2 and BCG intradermally on day 1 of weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, and 10. Treatment consists of 5 vaccinations over a period of 10 to 12 weeks in the absence of unacceptable toxicity or disease progression. Quality of life is assessed at baseline, at weeks 6, 12, and 24, and then every 6 months thereafter. Patients are followed every 3 months.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: Approximately 500 patients will be accrued for this study within 4 years.
Isotretinoin capsules can cause severe life-threatening birth defects and is contraindicated in pregnancy. There is an extremely high risk that life-threatening birth defects will result if pregnancy occurs while taking any amount of isotretinoin capsules even for short periods of time. Potentially any fetus exposed during pregnancy can be affected. There are no accurate means of determining prenatally whether an exposed fetus has been affected. If pregnancy occurs, discontinue isotretinoin capsules immediately and refer the patient to an Obstetrician-Gynecologist experienced in reproductive toxicity for further evaluation and counseling [see Contraindications (4), Warnings and Precautions (5.1), and Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].

Because of the risk of embryo-fetal toxicity, isotretinoin is available only through a restricted program under a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) called the iPLEDGE REMS [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Little information is available on d/Deaf and hard of hearing (d/DHH) learners' L2 development. Their limited auditory access may discourage them from taking standardized tests, highlighting the need for alternative ways of assessing their L2 development and proficiency. Therefore, this study suggests adopting processability theory, which demonstrates a universal order of L2 development. Interviews with d/DHH learners and their teachers were conducted to explore their current difficulties in regard to understanding their L2 development. Also, we conducted brief speaking tasks to suggest alternatives to testing the L2 development of learners who are d/DHH in comparison to typical literacy learners. The result showed d/DHH students' L2 developmental patterns are similar to those of typical hearing peers, suggesting that d/DHH students and hearing learners share difficulties in similar areas when learning English. Teachers highlighted the lack of appropriate English tests to determine the d/DHH students' L2 development.
Preterm delivery remains one of the most important issues facing perinatal medicine today. In 1999, prematurity/low birthweight accounted for 4,304 neonatal deaths, reflecting a rate of neonatal mortality due to prematurity of 23.0 per 100,000 live births. Despite the extent of the problem, the exact etiology of preterm delivery is not completely understood. It is clear that many pathways are involved in preterm delivery, and that ultimately these must converge upon one final endpoint, which is likely related to progesterone. In the animal model progesterone withdrawal is clearly directly (rodent, rabbit) or indirectly (sheep) involved in the initiation of parturition, however the exact way in which progesterone works in humans is unclear. There has been a resurgence of interest in the association between progesterone and preterm delivery. Two recent trials have looked at the utility of progesterone in the prevention of preterm delivery in high-risk patients. In a multicenter trial reported in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2003, Meis et al, recruited 463 patients with a history of spontaneous preterm delivery and randomized them in a 2:1 ratio to intramuscular 17-hydroxyprogesterone vs. placebo from 16-20 weeks until 36 weeks. Treatment with 17P significantly reduced the risk of delivery at \<37 weeks, \<35 weeks, and \<32 weeks.

The Yale Progesterone Study is a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the use of 17 hydroxyprogesterone for the treatment of preterm labor. The design is similar to the Meis NEJM trial, except that the patients will be symptomatic with preterm labor, rather than asymptomatic with a history of preterm delivery. In addition to the therapeutic intervention planned, the researchers intend to collect specimens to assess for markers of PTD, both before and after treatment. In this way, the researchers can analyze which pathway of PTD is involved, and finally, the effect of progesterone on these markers can be assessed.
Participants in the intervention group will receive a 12 week mobile phone based program via a mobile phone application specifically designed for this study. The program will include information, advice and strategies to increase active transportation. Feedback will be provided on personal goals.
An endotracheal tube, which is used to secure the airway and allow ventilation of the lungs during general anesthesia, is inserted into the trachea either through the nose or mouth. In children, different formulae exist to determine the approximate size of the tube according to age, and how far it should be advanced into the airway. Once a tracheal tube is inserted, its position is routinely checked to make sure both lungs are ventilated. To prevent displacement, the tube is taped to the lip, chin or at the nose. However, head movement could cause alteration of the tube position, and risk selective endobronchial intubation or inadvertent extubation. Knowledge of how the different tracheal tubes move with head position can help determine the best tube selection to reduce the risk of accidental tube advancement or removal, in cases where certain head positions are required for surgical access.

The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of the formulae commonly used in our institution for depth of breathing tube placement, and to measure the degree of tube displacement on head movement with different types of tube. Testing the formulae will enable us to be more aware of how frequently inaccurate tube placement may occur. Knowledge of how the different breathing tubes move with head position can help determine the best tube selection to reduce the risk of the tube going in too far or coming out accidentally, for cases were certain head positions are required for surgery.
Lactate accumulation and macrophage infiltration are pivotal features of both chronic inflammation and cancer. Lactate, once regarded merely as an aftereffect of glucose metabolism, is now gaining recognition for its burgeoning spectrum of biological roles and immunomodulatory significance. Recent studies have evidenced that macrophages display divergent immunophenotypes in different diseases, which play a pivotal role in disease management by modulating macrophage polarization within the disease microenvironment. The specific polarization patterns of macrophages in a high-lactate environment and their contribution to the progression of chronic inflammation and cancer remain contentious. This review presents current evidence on the crosstalk of lactate and macrophage in chronic inflammation and cancer. Additionally, we provide an in-depth exploration of the pivotal yet enigmatic mechanisms through which lactate orchestrates disease pathogenesis, thereby offering novel perspectives to the development of targeted therapeutic interventions for chronic inflammation and cancer.