anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Icodextrin is confirmed safe and effective as an alternative osmotic agent by numerous clinical studies. Due to its high molecular weight, icodextrin exerts its effect to enhance ultrafiltration (UF) during long (10\~14 hours) dwells through prolonged colloid osmosis across the peritoneal membrane in PD patients. However, the utilization of icodextrin is currently limited to 1 exchange per day in order to avoid plasma accumulation of maltose or other metabolites. Two icodextrin bags per day has been reported to be safely prolong PD technique survival in patients in whom one icodextrin exchange provides insufficient UF. A detailed evaluation of the pharmacokinetics and elimination of icodextrin and metabolites following a single exchange has been reported. However, characterization of the plasma kinetics, metabolism and elimination of double dose icodextrin is not available yet. Therefore, we design the study to provide the pharmacokinetics profile of single- and double-dose icodextrin in patients on peritoneal dialysis. It may expand the available knowledge of the clinical pharmacology of icodextrin following its intraperitoneal administration and fills the gaps in our understanding of the fate of icodextrin and the metabolic consequences of icodextrin and its metabolites.

Eligible participants were admitted to the hosptial ward and used one icodextrin bag (single-dose icodextrin) or two icodextrin bags (double-dose icodextrin) on the first day, depending on their choice. Each icodextrin solution was left in the peritoneal cavity for a 8-hour dwell. The double-dose icodextrin was administered in a sequential way. After the icodextrin exchange(s), the solution was drained from the peritoneal cavity and the patients resumed dialysis using dextrose dialysate with two or three additional manual exchanges performed for the balance of the 24 hours since the icodextrin dwell was initiated. Patients were discharged and requested to return on days 7 and 14. Blood, urine and dialysate samples are collected at the time-points as required. Icodextrin and metabolites were analyzed and the pharmacokinetics profiles of single- and double-dose icodextrin were provided.

Icodextrin was quantified in plasma, urine and dialysate by exhaustive hydrolysis of all glucose polymers to glucose using the enzyme amyloglucosidase. Free glucose (determined prior to hydrolysis) was subtracted from the result of hydrolysis to obtain the icodextrin concentration. Maltose (DP2), maltotriose (DP3), maltotetraose (DP4) were individually quantified in blood, spent dialysate and urine (for patients with urine output) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
Adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO) causes a major burden in emergency medicine. Owing to in situ decompression, nasointestinal tube (NIT) placement has been increasingly used in clinical practice compared with traditional conservation (TC); however, the indications remain controversial. This study was designed to explore the indications for each treatment in ASBOs and then suggest the optimal strategy. After propensity score matching, 128 pairs were included (the NIT and TC groups). The occurrence of severe adverse events (SAEs), peri-treatment clinical parameters, and radiological features were compared between the successful and failed treatment groups. According to different stages of the entire treatment, the independent risk factors for adverse effects for ASBO were analysed in phase I and phase II. In phase I, normal red blood cells (RBC) levels (p = 0.011) and a balanced sodium ion level (p = 0.016) positively affected the outcomes of TC treatment. In phase II, for the TC group, the successful treatment rate reached 79.5% for patients with ASBOs whose normal RBC levels (p = 0.006) or decreasing white blood cells (WBC) levels (p = 0.014) after treatment. For the NIT group, the treatment success rate was 68.1% for patients whose electrolyte imbalance could be reversed or whose neutrophil count/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) levels was lower than 4.3 (p = 0.018). TC treatment is highly recommended for patients with normal RBC counts and sodium levels pretreatment. After dynamic monitoring of the treatment process, for both the TC and NIT groups, once ASBOs had elevated inflammatory biomarkers or irreversible electrolyte disturbances, surgical interference was preferred.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare a cleaning sheet satisfactory in stability without regard to a place by providing high cleaning ability not only to the dirt of a skin but also to sebum so as to keep the skin clean. SOLUTION: Oil absorbent powder and a lower alcohol are contained in nonwoven fabric consisting of continuous filaments. The continuous filament in the nonwoven fabric is obtained by continuously spinning out from a spinning nozzle to make filaments. This continuous filament is preferably cellulosic filament and is especially preferably filament based on the main row material of natural cellulose. In addition this continuous filament is more preferably obtained by making the filament formed by a spinning under stretching method a sheet. In addition, the average weighing of this nonwoven fabric is desirably 20 to 120 g/m<2> , 30 to 100 g/m<2> in particular and further 40 to 80 g/m<2> because the touch in use is satisfactory to be excellent in wiping-off property.
OBJECTIVE: Despite level 1 evidence demonstrating the benefit of carotid endarterectomy for the prevention of stroke in patients with severe asymptomatic carotid stenosis (ACS), there has been a trend toward recommending optimal medical therapy (OMT) alone. This recommendation has been promulgated based on the observation that modern advances in OMT reduce the overall stroke risk in the general population, but the success of this treatment strategy is dependent on patient and provider adherence. In current practice, patients with moderate ACS are nearly all treated with OMT alone. The objective of this study was to evaluate adherence to OMT in a cohort of patients with moderate ACS undergoing treatment with OMT alone.
METHODS: Consecutive carotid duplex ultrasound examinations were reviewed for the years 2019 and 2020. Those with moderate (50%-69%) ACS based on Society for Vascular Surgery guidelines were included in the study. Patients were assessed for OMT at the time of the index duplex, the first follow-up visit, and at each subsequent follow-up visit until the end of the study. OMT was defined as abstinence from smoking, aspirin or other antiplatelet use, and statin or other lipid-lowering therapy. Patients were stratified based on their ability to achieve OMT, and each component was evaluated to identify shortfalls in therapy.
RESULTS: A total of 323 duplex ultrasound examinations with moderate ACS in 255 patients were identified. Of the 255 patients, 143 (56.1%) were on OMT at the time of the first duplex; that number increased to 163 (63.9%) by the first follow-up visit and 175 (68.6%) by the completion of the study. There were 112 (43.9%) patients who were not on OMT at the time of the index duplex, 43 (38.4%) of whom achieved OMT over a median follow-up time of 2.7 years. By the end of follow-up, 86 (76.8%) were taking aspirin or another antiplatelet medication, 93 (83.0%) were on statin or other lipid-lowering therapy, and 74 (66.1%) were abstinent from smoking. Pre-duplex smoking was independently associated with failure to achieve OMT (hazard ratio: 0.452, P = .017).
CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with moderate ACS who were not previously on OMT, the rate of OMT achievement is poor. Although advances in lipid management through statin therapy have been praised for their role in improving the effectiveness of OMT, smoking cessation represents an important target for improving uptake and as a result effectiveness of OMT.
PURPOSE: A pharmaceutical composition containing microparticles of naphthoquinone compounds is provided to enhance solubility of the compound and high absorption rate in vivo. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition contains microparticles of naphthoquinone compound. The naphthoquinone compound contains a compound of chemical formula 1 or 2 or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or isomer thereof. The pharmaceutical composition additionally contains surfactant. The pharmaceutical composition is formulated in oral formulation. The pharmaceutical composition is used in preventing or treating restenosis, impotency, prostate trouble, hypertension, heart disease, dark, glaucoma, degenerative disease or mitochondrial disorders.
Modified fraility index was calculated in all patients. Modified fraility index ≥ 0.27 were included to Group F.
BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with increased mortality in various cancers, but the relationship between obesity and clinical outcomes in unresectable or recurrent esophageal cancer who receive immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains unknown. This study investigated the association between body composition and clinical outcomes in patients with unresectable or recurrent esophageal cancer who received ICIs.
METHODS: Utilizing an unbiased database of 111 unresectable or recurrent esophageal cancers, we evaluated the relationships between body composition (body mass index, waist circumference, psoas major muscle volume, and subcutaneous and visceral fat areas) at the initiation of ICI treatment and clinical outcomes including the disease control rate and progression-free survival (PFS).
RESULTS: Waist circumference was significantly associated with the disease control rate at the first assessment (P = 0.0008). A high waist circumference was significantly associated with favorable PFS in patients treated with nivolumab. In an univariable model, for 5-cm increase of waist circumference in the outcome category of PFS, univariable hazard ratio (HR) was 0.73 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61-0.87; P = 0.0002). A multivariable model controlling for potential confounders yielded a similar finding (multivariable HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.33-0.94; P = 0.027). We observed the similar finding in esophageal cancer patients treated with pembrolizumab+CDDP+5-FU (P = 0.048). In addition, waist circumference was significantly associated with the prognostic nutritional index (P = 0.0073).
CONCLUSIONS: A high waist circumference was associated with favorable clinical outcomes in ICI-treated patients with unresectable or recurrent esophageal cancer, providing a platform for further investigations on the relationships among body composition, nutrition, and the immune status.
Beacon Communities, a private property management company, is unveiling a comprehensive smoking ban at all 52 of its properties. A multi-component, "enhanced" intervention designed to promote, strengthen, and maintain a smoke-free policy across public housing developments will be implemented prior to commencement of the smoke-free policy. The enhanced intervention will be tested against a standard intervention of educational materials and information on cessation options. This study will be open to residents at 12 Beacon Communities properties at which a Resident Service Coordinator (RSC) is located.

The primary objective of this project is to evaluate the effectiveness of enhanced intervention vs. standard intervention to support a comprehensive smoke-free policy, in a multi-site, privately managed affordable housing context. A further objective is to develop a toolkit of strategies for the large-scale implementation and maintenance of a smoke-free policy in multi-unit affordable housing developments. The toolkit will be the first to be developed directly from an extensive two-stage qualitative analysis and will apply the lessons learned in this study to provide a sustainable resource for property managers seeking to implement smoke-free policies.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mouth washing agent giving reduced load on the user, enabling sufficient removal of biofilm and sufficiently suppressing the decalcification of dental enamel.  <P>SOLUTION: The present invention provides a liquid mouth washing agent having a pH of ≥8 and ≤12 and usable for the prevention of bacterial diseases in the mouth. Biofilms are quickly dissolved and removed simply by gargling with the mouth washing agent for a prescribed period without causing the problems such as the damage of oral cavity by strong alkali. The dissolution of biofilm is accelerated and the recalcification of the dentin is promoted by adding a prescribed salt to the mouth washing agent. The present invention further provides a method for producing ozone water which is an example of the mouth washing agent and an ozone water producing apparatus as an example of the mouth wash agent producing apparatus. Ozone water which is an example of the mouth washing agent is easily produced by the ozone water producing method and the mouth washing agent producing apparatus of the present invention.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
The invention discloses a medicine used for preventing and treating high swine fever. The medicine comprises following ingredients, by weight: 30 to 110 portions of folium isatidis, 40 to 140 portions of lonicera japonica, 20 to 120 portions of rheum officinale, 10 to 100 portions of balloonflower root, 20 to 75 portion of microcos paniculata and 20 to 90 portions of root of scutellaria baicalensis. The medicine is mixed with pharmaceutical acceptable accessories, and the mixture can be used for production of powder, granule, capsule, tablet and oral liquid. The dialectical treatment principle of traditional Chinese medicine prescription is reflected by the medicine. Characteristics of the medicine are that: curative effect is excellent and fast; no drug resistance is caused; the medicine is capable of clearing heat and detoxifying, and resisting bacteria and removing inflammation, and is friendly to the environment; and no residue is left. The medicine is used for preventing and treating high swine fever. The preparation method is simple; cost is low; market competitiveness is relatively high; the raw materials are abundant, and are affordable; the medicine is suitable for industrialized production and application.
The safety and efficacy of fluvastatin in children and adolescent patients 9 to 16 years of age with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia have been evaluated in open-label, uncontrolled clinical trials for a duration of 2 years. The most common adverse events observed were influenza and infections. In these limited uncontrolled studies, there was no detectable effect on growth or sexual maturation in the adolescent boys or on menstrual cycle length in girls. Adolescent females should be counseled on appropriate contraceptive methods while on fluvastatin therapy. [See , and .] Clinical Studies (14.2)Adverse Reactions (6.3)Dosage and Administration (2.2)[See .] Contraindications (4)
GOPRELTO contains cocaine, a substance with a high potential for abuse. COCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE nasal solution can be misused and abused, which can lead to addiction. COCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE nasal solution may also be diverted for abuse purposes [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] . 

Drug abuse is the intentional non-therapeutic use of a prescription drug, even once, for its rewarding psychological or physiological effects. Drug addiction is a cluster of behavioral, cognitive, and physiological phenomena that develop after repeated substance use and includes: a strong desire to take the drug, difficulties in controlling its use, persisting in its use despite harmful consequences, a higher priority given to drug use than to other activities and obligations, increased tolerance, and sometimes a physical withdrawal. Drug abuse of a substance may occur without progression to drug addiction. "Drug-seeking" behavior is very common in persons with substance use disorders.

Drug abuse and addiction are conditions that are separate and distinct from physical dependence and tolerance [ see Dependence (9.3)]. Health care providers should be aware that abuse and addiction may occur in the absence of symptoms indicative of physical dependence and tolerance. 

Individuals who abuse stimulants may use COCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE nasal solution for abuse purposes. Adverse events associated with abuse of cocaine include euphoria, excitation, irritability, restlessness, anxiety, paranoia, confusion, headache, psychosis, hypertension, stroke, seizures, dilated pupils, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Intranasal abuse can produce damage to the nostrils (e.g., ulceration and deviated septum). Abuse of cocaine can result in overdose, convulsions, unconsciousness, coma, and death [see Overdosage (10)] . Parenteral drug abuse is commonly associated with transmission of infectious diseases such as hepatitis and HIV. 

COCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE nasal solution, like all prescription drugs with abuse potential, can be diverted for non-medical use into illicit channels of distribution. In order to minimize these risks, effective accounting procedures should be implemented, in addition to routine procedures for handling controlled substances.
Do not use for intravenous injection unless the osmolar concentration of additives totals at least 112 mOsmol/liter (two-fifths of the normal osmolarity of the extracellular fluid — 280 mOsmol/liter).

Do not administer unless solution is clear and container is undamaged. Discard unused portion.

Pregnancy Category C: Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with sterile water for injection. It is also not known whether sterile water containing additives can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. Sterile water for injection with additives should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.

Pediatric Use: The safety and effectiveness in the pediatric population are based on the similarity of the clinical conditions of the pediatric and adult populations. In neonates or very small infants the volume of fluid may affect fluid and electrolyte balance. 

This product contains no more than 25 mcg/L of aluminum.
Globally, gastric cancer is the fifth most prevalent malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer mortality. Current national guidelines recommend the use of OLGIM score to evaluate the risk of gastric cancer in patients, and close gastroscopic monitoring should be performed after OLGIM grade III/IV. However, it would not be clinically feasible to require at least four biopsies. Confocal laser endomicroscopy is able to magnify the tissue by 1000X, which can be seen at the cellular level. Observing goblet cells under Confocal laser endomicroscopy is simpler and diagnostic accuracy is comparable to pathology. Confocal laser endomicroscopy enables better assessment of intestinal metaplasia in gastric mucosa, thus quantifying the risk of gastric cancer and avoiding multiple biopsies. The investigators aim to design the CGGIM scores to evaluate gastric cancer risk.
This study aimed to estimate (co)variance components and genetic parameters for calving ease (CE) and their genetic correlations with growth, reproductive, carcass, and feed efficiency traits in Nellore cattle. Phenotypes for CE are scored in two categories: normal calving and assisted calving. The traits considered were probability of precocious calving, age at first calving, stayability, adjusted scrotal circumference at 365 days of age, accumulated cow productivity, age at puberty of males, gestation length, birth weight, adjusted weights at 210 and 450 days of age, adult cow weight, frame score, hip height, rib eye area, subcutaneous backfat thickness, rump fat thickness, intramuscular fat percentage, residual feed intake and dry matter intake. The estimation of genetic parameters was performed using a two-trait threshold-linear animal model, except for CE, stayability, and probability of precocious calving, which were evaluated through a two-trait threshold animal model. The direct (0.27) and maternal (0.19) heritability estimates for CE in heifers primiparous Nellore indicated that selecting for this trait is feasible. The selection to improve the female sexual precocity should consider CE during the selection and mating decisions to reduce calving problems. Genetic correlation estimates between CE and BW suggest that selecting low birth weight to reduce calving problems is not an appropriate strategy to improve calving ease in heifers Nellore. Therefore, adopting a multi-trait selection model with CE and BW in the Nellore breed would reduce calving difficulties, particularly in sexually precocious heifers, without impairing the growth, reproductive, feed efficiency conversion, and carcass indicator traits.
All Atahualpa residentes aged 40 ≥ years will be screened by field questionnaires. Then, those with suspected stroke or ischemic heart disease will be evaluated by neurologists and cardiologists. Cardiovascular health metrics will be evaluated in those negative for stroke or ischemic heart disease.
As with other types of abortion, cases of serious bacterial infection, including very rare cases of fatal septic shock, have been reported following the use of Mifepristone tablets, 200 mg [see Boxed Warning]. Healthcare providers evaluating a patient who is undergoing a medical abortion should be alert to the possibility of this rare event. A sustained (>4 hours) fever of 100.4°F or higher, severe abdominal pain, or pelvic tenderness in the days after a medical abortion may be an indication of infection. 

A high index of suspicion is needed to rule out sepsis (e.g., from Clostridium sordellii) if a patient reports abdominal pain or discomfort or general malaise (including weakness, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea) more than 24 hours after taking misoprostol. Very rarely, deaths have been reported in patients who presented without fever, with or without abdominal pain, but with leukocytosis with a marked left shift, tachycardia, hemoconcentration, and general malaise. No causal relationship between Mifepristone tablets, 200 mg and misoprostol use and an increased risk of infection or death has been established. Clostridium sordellii infections have also been reported very rarely following childbirth (vaginal delivery and caesarian section), and in other gynecologic and non-gynecologic conditions.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a frequent complication in patients affected by mitral valve disease, causing systemic embolism, cardiac chamber dilation and decreased cardiac output. Cox et al. have designed the maze procedure as a surgical treatment for patients with AF in whom conventional therapy has failed and their lesion set is nowadays currently performed with different energy sources in order to surgically treat such supraventricular arrhythmia. In particular, the original maze was designed with three specific goals in mind: 1) the permanent AF ablation 2) the restoration of atrioventricular synchrony and 3) the preservation of atrial transport function (1). If , by one side, the efficacy of the procedure in reaching the first two goals are widely known, the restoration of the sinus rhythm does not always accompany the corresponding recovery of atrial mechanical "kick". If the atrial transport function fails to recover, benefits deriving from arrhythmia abolition might only be marginal, since, by one side, blood stasis in the atria persist, thus maintaining unchanged thromboembolic risk and, by the other side, heart hemodynamic performance is still impaired resulting from the loss of atrial contribution to cardiac output. Despite its relevant role for judging maze comprehensive success, atrial contractility outcome and clinical importance have not been deeply investigated. The purposes of this study were to evaluate by serial transthoracic echocardiography temporal modality of biatrial contractility restoration, predictive factors of atrial transport recovery and its possible relationship with cardiac chambers dimensions and function evolution after radiofrequency (RF) maze during mitral surgery.