anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Traumatic pulmonary pseudocyst is a rare "cystlike" lung lesion that typically develops following blunt chest trauma. It differs from lung cancer associated with cystic airspaces in terms of pathogenic mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and radiological features. Furthermore, there are few reports of the diagnostic bias between traumatic pulmonary pseudocyst and lung cancer associated with cystic airspaces. Here, we present a rare case of lung cancer associated with cystic airspaces that mimicks traumatic pulmonary pseudocyst.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 61-year-old man with no chest medical or surgical history, no chest radiologic examination within the last five years, and no smoking history had an air-filled "cystlike" lesion surrounded by solid components and ground-glass opacities in the middle third of the right upper lobe of the lung during a computed tomography evaluation following blunt chest trauma. He was initially diagnosed with traumatic pulmonary pseudocyst and treated conservatively. On the third post-trauma day, he experienced hemoptysis, which was successfully treated with intravenous hemostatic medication. On the ninth post-trauma day, he exhibited a significant hemoptysis and a moderate dyspnea. A subsequent chest computed tomography scan demonstrated that the solid components had entered the lesion's cavity and significantly expanded, and the surrounding ground-glass opacities had slightly enlarged. A contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography scan and a three-dimensional reconstruction computed tomography image confirmed that the solid components were a hematoma caused by damage to the right upper pulmonary vein. A right upper lobectomy was performed based on the concern about severe intrapulmonary bleeding. An intraoperative frozen section analysis showed significant bleeding in the lung parenchyma. Adenosquamous carcinoma was unexpectedly identified during the postoperative pathological examination of the resected specimen. A diagnosis of primary lung adenosquamous carcinoma was made. He was discharged on the seventh postoperative day and followed up for two years without any recurrence.
CONCLUSIONS: The potential of lung cancer associated with cystic airspaces should be considered for "cystlike" lung lesions discovered in elderly patients after blunt chest trauma. A comprehensive review of the medical history, meticulous analysis of the radiological findings, and close monitoring can help clinicians reduce the risk of diagnostic bias.
Pyrido 2,3-d pyrimidin-5-one derivs. of formula (I), in which X with the C and N atmos. attached forms a 5-6 member aromatic heterocycle contg. O, N and/or S, for use in animal and esp. human health, are made by (a) reacting 2-R-3-pyridine carboxylic acid with SOCl2 and the heterocyclic amine (II) in organic solvent under normal pressure at below or above O deg. C to obtain a cpd. of formula (III) and (b) thermal cyclising of the prod. to give (I). R is halogen, alkoxy or hydroxy.
The invention provides a humanized hepatitis b virus resistance surface antigen gene engineering antibodies: HBIgG03 (the amino acid sequences of a light chain and a heavy chain variable area are respectively shown by SEQ ID No. 1 and SEQ ID No. 2) and HBIgG12 (the amino acid sequences of a light chain and a heavy chain variable area are respectively shown by SEQ ID No. 3 and SEQ ID No. 4), which are obtained by a phage surface display technology. The antibodies are capable of carrying out specific recognition on hepatitis b virus surface antigen, have remarkable enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELSA) with the hepatitis b virus surface antigen and have the neutralizing activity function of resisting hepatitis b virus infection. Furthermore, the antibodies can be used for preparing specific antibody medicines used for preventing and treating liver diseases related to hepatitis b virus, thus being used for clinically preventing and treating the liver diseases caused by the hepatitis b virus.
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to systematically review the evidence in the literature to ascertain the functional outcomes, range of motion (ROM), and complication and reoperation rates after revision reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) for a failed primary total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) or hemiarthroplasty (HA).
METHODS: Two independent reviewers performed the literature search based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines using the EMBASE, MEDLINE, and The Cochrane Library databases. Studies were included if they reported clinical outcomes for revision RSA for a failed primary TSA or HA.
RESULTS: Our review found 23 studies including 1041 shoulders (627 TSA and 414 HA) meeting our inclusion criteria. The majority of patients were female (66.1%), with an average age of 69.0 years (range: 39-93 years) and a mean follow-up of 46.3 months. American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons and visual analog scale pain scores improved from 32.6 to 61.9 and 6.7 to 2.7, respectively. ROM results include forward flexion, abduction, and external rotation, which improved from 59.4° to 107.7°, 50.7° to 104.4°, and 19.8° to 26.3°, respectively. Only 1 of the 10 studies reporting internal rotation found a statistically significant difference, with the mean internal rotation improving from S1-S3 preoperatively to L4-L5 postoperatively for patients undergoing HA. The overall complication rate and reoperation rate were 23.4% and 12.5%, respectively. The most common complications were glenoid component loosening (6.0%), fracture (periprosthetic, intraoperative, or other scapula fractures) (n = 4.7%), and infection (n = 3.3%).
CONCLUSIONS: Revision RSA for a failed primary TSA and HA has been shown to result in excellent functional outcomes and improved ROM, suggesting that patients who have failed TSA or HA may benefit from a revision RSA.
Compositions that facilitate the delivery of an active agent or an active agent carrier wherein the compositions are capable of penetrating the stratum corneum (SC) and/or the cellular membranes of viable cells are provided. The compositions may include a peptide, an active agent, or a carrier that includes the active agent. The peptide is associated with and/or conjugated to the active agent, the carrier, or both. The carrier is a micelle, a liposome, an ethosome, and combinations thereof. The composition is capable of penetrating a stratum corneum (SC) layer or a cell when contacted therewith. The composition may further include one or more free peptides. Also provided are methods for delivering active agents to subjects, methods for treating subjects having dermatological diseases, and methods for attenuating expression of mRNAs of subjects in need thereof and/or for treating diseases and/or disorders thereby.
Gout is a painful form of arthritis that is caused by hyperuricemia (high uric acid levels) that form crystals in the joints. Ingestion of food and/or beverages containing high purine levels (e.g., beef, game meats, liver, shellfish, herring, mackerel, anchovies, sardines, mushrooms, dried beans and peas, sweetbreads, excessive alcohol, etc.) increase uric acid levels and thereby can complicate the management of uric acid levels in individuals with hyeruricemia and/or gout. Prior research has shown that ingestion of a chrysanthemum flower oil containing a high level of polyphenols significantly reduced the uricemic response to ingesting a meal high in purines. Additionally, black cherry and grape juice extracts are purported to have uric acid lowering properties. We have previoulsy reported that tart cherry powder, another naturally occuriring source of phlyphenols, lessens exercise-induced inflammation. This study will examine if tart cherry can also reduce the uricemic response to ingesting a high purine containing meal. If so, this may provide another dietary approach to help individuals manage their uric acid levels.
Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by a decrease in the amount and function of skeletal muscle, and is known to have a prevalence of about 6-10% in 65 years of age or older and about 20-25% in 70 years of age or older. Recently, many studies have been conducted on the clinical importance of sarcopenia, and it has been reported that sarcopenia is significantly associated with a decline in quality of life and physical activity in the elderly population, as well as harmful clinical outcomes in postoperative patients and poor long-term outcomes in various solid cancer patients. Due to the promising result of lung cancer screening trial, lung cancer has been included in national cancer screening in South Korea since last year. As a result, more people are being diagnosed with lung cancer early. Furthermore, the number of patients having surgical resection for lung cancer is steadily growing, and as life expectancy rises, even older patients are increasingly considering surgical treatment. It's critical to appropriately assess risk in older individuals before and after surgery, and sarcopenia is considered a significant fartor for major surgery. According to studies on the association between sarcopenia and the postoperative clinical outcome of lung cancer surgery, sarcopenia evaluated by computed tomography has demonstrated to be associated with a poor surgical outcome and long-term prognosis. However, according to two recognized guidelines for sarcopenia (European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Elder People, and Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia), sarcopenia is supposed to comprehensively evaluate muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical activity. Regarding muscle mass, it is recommended to measure through dual energy-ray absoptiometery or bioelectrial impedance analysis. However, so far, there are no studies that have conducted an accurate evaluation of sarcopenia in elderly lung cancer patients and analyzed the relationship between them and the clinical outcome after lung cancer surgery.
Achilles tendinopathy has an incidence rate of 2.35 per 1000 in the general population and is most prevalent in middle-aged individuals (35-55 y/o), but occurs in men and women of all ages. The primary symptom is pain during daily activities such as walking and exercising such as running. Aside from the pain, Achilles tendinopathy has been shown to significantly decrease physical activity level, resulting in further negative effects on overall health and well-being. The treatment for Achilles tendinopathy with the highest level of evidence is eccentric exercise, providing mechanical loading of the muscle-tendon unit. In a recent systematic review, all studies reported significant improvements in patient-reported symptoms but at 12 weeks the means ranged from 69-80 (100 being fully recovered) indicating that even with the most effective treatment individuals continued to have symptoms. At this time, other more invasive interventions such as injection therapies (ex. platelet-rich plasma) and surgery are recommended for patients who fail exercise treatment despite a lack of understanding of what factors are related to continued problems. Just achieving a reduction in pain and symptoms with treatment also does not ensure resolution of the tendon's structural abnormalities. In fact, studies evaluating the recovery of tendon structure with exercise suggest that at least 24 weeks may be needed to observe a significant change. Other individual factors such as sex, degree of tendon structural damage and functional deficits are also proposed to influence both the time course and success rate of recovery. The long-term goal of our research is to advance understanding of tendon injuries and repair, enabling tailored treatments to be developed. This study begins to address this long-term goal by evaluating the time-course of recovery in terms of tendon structure (ultrasound imaging) and viscoelastic properties (elastography) along with symptoms (patient-reported outcomes) and muscle-tendon function (functional test-battery) in males and females with Achilles tendinopathy treated with an exercise program. Aim 1 is to evaluate if there are differences in change over time in symptoms, muscle-tendon function, tendon structure, and mechanical properties between males and females with Achilles tendinopathy receiving exercise treatment. Aim 2 is to investigate whether the presence and magnitude of tendon structural abnormality at baseline will affect the ability and time-course of recovery with exercise treatment for Achilles tendinopathy. Aim 3 is to explore if patients who continue to have symptoms at the 16-week evaluation will further improve in symptoms, muscle-tendon function, tendon structure and mechanical properties over the course of one year.
A stable topical alcohol-free aerosol foam containing one or more keratolytic agents is provided. The foam-forming formulation is an oil-in-water emulsion which contains one or more hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) propellants and one or more keratolytic agents. The keratolytic agent may be present in either phase of the emulsion or dispersed in the emulsion. The oil phase may consist at least in part of the HFA propellant. The foam is stable on the skin for at least 5 minutes at body temperature and disappears into the skin upon rubbing or after prolonged standing. The formulations may not contain additional co-solvents or non-HFA co-propellants. The formulations demonstrate reduced intensity of the odor and/or color associated with the keratolytic agent(s) as compared to conventional formulations containing keratolytic agents.
PURPOSE:To obtain human urogastrone (human UG for short) having high accuracy in high yield, by collecting a fraction containing human UG from a test specimen containing human UG by liquid chromatography of reverse phase distribution type. CONSTITUTION:A test specimen (e.g., urine itself, filtrate obtained by filtering urine with Celite, extracted solution from a tissue or cell producing human UG, etc.) containing human UG is subjected to liquid chromatography of reverse phase distribution type. In the operation, porous styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer particles, etc. are used as a column agent to be packed into a column of reverse phase distribution type. Then, a fraction containing human UG is collected. The fraction is concentration under reduced pressure to distill an organic solvent away, it is desalted by gel filtration, etc., and lyophilized, to give human UG. USE:Having an inhibitory action on secretion of acid in the stomach, and promoting action on growth of epithelical cell and other cells, useful as a drug or an addition agent used in tissue culture.
BACKGROUND: The recent guidelines from the European and American Hernia Societies recommend a continuous small-bite suturing technique with slowly absorbable sutures for fascial closure of midline abdominal wall incisions to reduce the incidence of wound complications, especially for incisional hernia. However, this is based on low-certainty evidence. We could not find any recommendations for skin closure. The wound closure technique is an important determinant of the risk of wound complications, and a comprehensive approach to prevent wound complications should be developed.
METHODS: We propose a single-institute, prospective, randomized, blinded-endpoint trial to assess the superiority of the combination of continuous suturing of the fascia without peritoneal closure and continuous suturing of the subcuticular tissue (study group) over that of interrupted suturing of the fascia together with the peritoneum and interrupted suturing of the subcuticular tissue (control group) for reducing the incidence of midline abdominal wall incision wound complications after elective gastroenterological surgery with a clean-contaminated wound. Permuted-block randomization with an allocation ratio of 1:1 and blocking will be used. We hypothesize that the study group will show a 50% reduction in the incidence of wound complications. The target number of cases is set at 284. The primary outcome is the incidence of wound complications, including incisional surgical site infection, hemorrhage, seroma, wound dehiscence within 30 days after surgery, and incisional hernia at approximately 1 year after surgery.
DISCUSSION: This trial will provide initial evidence on the ideal combination of fascial and skin closure for midline abdominal wall incision to reduce the incidence of overall postoperative wound complications after gastroenterological surgery with a clean-contaminated wound. This trial is expected to generate high-quality evidence that supports the current guidelines for the closure of abdominal wall incisions from the European and American Hernia Societies and to contribute to their next updates.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: UMIN-CTR UMIN000048442. Registered on 1 August 2022. https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000055205.
OBJECTIVE: Although acute brain infarcts are common after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), they are often unassociated with clinical stroke symptoms. The relationship between clinically "silent" infarcts and in-hospital delirium remains uncertain; obscured, in part, by how infarcts have been traditionally summarized as global metrics, independent of location or structural consequence. We sought to determine if infarct location and related structural connectivity changes were associated with postoperative delirium after SAVR.
METHODS: A secondary analysis of a randomized multicenter SAVR trial of embolic protection devices (NCT02389894) was conducted, excluding participants with clinical stroke or incomplete neuroimaging (N = 298; 39% female, 7% non-White, 74 ± 7 years). Delirium during in-hospital recovery was serially screened using the Confusion Assessment Method. Parcellation and tractography atlas-based neuroimaging methods were used to determine infarct locations and cortical connectivity effects. Mixed-effect, zero-inflated gaussian modeling analyses, accounting for brain region-specific infarct characteristics, were conducted to examine for differences within and between groups by delirium status and perioperative neuroprotection device strategy.
RESULTS: 23.5% participants experienced postoperative delirium. Delirium was associated with significantly increased lesion volumes in the right cerebellum and temporal lobe white matter, while diffusion weighted imaging infarct-related structural disconnection (DWI-ISD) was observed in frontal and temporal lobe regions (p-FDR < 0.05). Fewer brain regions demonstrated DWI-ISD loss in the suction-based neuroprotection device group, relative to filtration-based device or standard aortic cannula.
INTERPRETATION: Structural disconnection from acute infarcts was greater in patients who experienced postoperative delirium, suggesting that the impact from covert perioperative infarcts may not be as clinically "silent" as commonly assumed.
The present invention provides for compositions and methods for preparing aqueous insoluble, ductile, flexible silk fibroin films. The silk films comprise silk fibroin and about 10% to about 50% (w/w) glycerol, and are prepared by entirely aqueous processes. The ductile silk film may be further treated by extracting the glycerol from and re-drying the silk film. Active agents may be embedded in or deposited on the glycerol modified silk film for a variety of medical applications. The films may be shaped into 3-dimentional structures, or placed on support surfaces as labels or coatings. The glycerol modified silk films of the present invention are useful in variety of applications such as tissue engineering, medical devices or implants, drug delivery, and edible pharmaceutical or food labels.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a trichogen containing the extract of Piper betle L., excellent in the trichogenous effect and good in safety. SOLUTION: This trichogen contains the extract of Piper betle L., a plant originated in Malaysia district in an amount of 0.001-10wt.%, preferably 0.05-5wt.%. The extract is obtained by extracting the dried or ground product of the Piper betle L. plant bodies with a water-soluble organic solvent such as a monohydric alcohol, a polyhydric alcohol, acetone or THF or with a water- containing water-soluble organic solvent containing the water-soluble solvent preferably in a concentration of >=50wt.% for 7-10 days at room temperature or for 4-8hr at a higher temperature and subsequently subjecting the extract to a suction filtration treatment and a vacuum concentration treatment. The addition of a skin peripheral vasodilator (e.g. vitamin E) exhibits a more preferable trichogenous effect.  A skin trouble, etc., caused by the employment of the trichogen for a long period is not recognized, and the safety of the trichogen is thereby excellent.
BACKGROUND: The incidence of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (RNETs) has witnessed a significant surge, with a notable proportion being amenable to endoscopic removal. However, the clinical significance of positive resection margin for RNETs patients following endoscopic resection remain unknown, resulting in a lack of consensus regarding the appropriateness of implementing salvage treatment.
METHODS: In this large, multicenter, retrospective cohort study, we analyzed the medical records of individuals who underwent endoscopic resection for RNETs and classified them into two groups: the positive resection margin and the negative resection margin group. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared among two group. The independent variables were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to predict positive resection margin. Then, the model was established to predict the patients with positive resection margin using multivariate logistic regression.
RESULTS: 181 RNETs patients (34.3 %) represented positive margin after endoscopic resection. Following a median follow-up period of 72 months, tumor recurrence manifested in 12 out of 527 patients (2.2 %) and the presence of positive resection margin was associated with worse DFS. Independent factors correlating with positive resection margin included endoscopic resection method choice, RNETs located in the low rectum, NLR >4.44 and tumor size exceeding 14.89 mm. A prediction model was therefore established with high predictive accuracy and excellent clinical applicability determined by calibration curves and DCA curve. Among RNETs patients with positive margin following endoscopic resection, implementing salvage treatment was beneficial for improving DFS and salvage endoscopic resection offer equal efficiency compared with salvage radical resection.
CONCLUSIONS: Positive resection margin following endoscopic resection may indicate negative prognosis. Salvage treatment can improve the prognosis of RNETs patients with positive resection margin. Notably, salvage local resection exhibited similar efficacy compared with radical surgery in term of survival benefit.
fMRI-based studies on neurodegenerative diseases rarely report single-subject information, which is useful for assessing potential biomarkers. In a previous fMRI study, CADASIL patients showed, at the group level, a significant reduction of the long-lasting visually stimulated hyperaemic response. Here, we used data interpolation and computed a hemodynamic response function from the 20-s visual response to achieve a 40-s response prediction at the individual level. The comparison between the expected and recorded 40-s responses confirmed the occurrence of a late and frequent response reduction among patients. However, this feature was inversely related to age and was also detected in control subjects, which suggests that this potential biomarker cannot be retained for monitoring vascular dysfunction in CADASIL. We showcase an open-source analytical pipeline for single-subject analysis to quickly assess potential biomarkers in fMRI studies.