anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Patients with presumed nonlesional focal epilepsy-based on either MRI or histopathologic findings-have a lower success rate of epilepsy surgery compared with lesional patients. In this study, we aimed to characterize a large group of patients with focal epilepsy who underwent epilepsy surgery despite a normal MRI and had no lesion on histopathology. Determinants of their postoperative seizure outcomes were further studied.
METHODS: We designed an observational multicenter cohort study of MRI-negative and histopathology-negative patients who were derived from the European Epilepsy Brain Bank and underwent epilepsy surgery between 2000 and 2012 in 34 epilepsy surgery centers within Europe. We collected data on clinical characteristics, presurgical assessment, including genetic testing, surgery characteristics, postoperative outcome, and treatment regimen.
RESULTS: Of the 217 included patients, 40% were seizure-free (Engel I) 2 years after surgery and one-third of patients remained seizure-free after 5 years. Temporal lobe surgery (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.62; 95% CI 1.19-5.76), shorter epilepsy duration (AOR for duration: 0.94; 95% CI 0.89-0.99), and completely normal histopathologic findings-versus nonspecific reactive gliosis-(AOR: 4.69; 95% CI 1.79-11.27) were significantly associated with favorable seizure outcome at 2 years after surgery. Of patients who underwent invasive monitoring, only 35% reached seizure freedom at 2 years. Patients with parietal lobe resections had lowest seizure freedom rates (12.5%). Among temporal lobe surgery patients, there was a trend toward favorable outcome if hippocampectomy was part of the resection strategy (OR: 2.94; 95% CI 0.98-8.80). Genetic testing was only sporadically performed.
DISCUSSION: This study shows that seizure freedom can be reached in 40% of nonlesional patients with both normal MRI and histopathology findings. In particular, nonlesional temporal lobe epilepsy should be regarded as a relatively favorable group, with almost half of patients achieving seizure freedom at 2 years after surgery-even more if the hippocampus is resected-compared with only 1 in 5 nonlesional patients who underwent extratemporal surgery. Patients with an electroclinically identified focus, who are nonlesional, will be a promising group for advanced molecular-genetic analysis of brain tissue specimens to identify new brain somatic epilepsy genes or epilepsy-associated molecular pathways.
Active tDCS home use: 11 active tDCS sessions: single session in the hospital and the remaining 10 in the subject's home, with duration of each active tDCS session of 20 min. Sham tDCS home use: 11 sessions of tDCS: single session in the hospital and the remaining 10 in the subject's home, with duration of each sham tDCS session of 20 min.
Breast cancer patients are commonly treated with chemotherapy, which is known to induce severe side effects such as skeletal muscle deconditioning, characterized by skeletal muscle atrophy and major mitochondrial alterations. These maladaptations, observed in patients treated with epirubicin-cyclophosphamide (EC) followed by weekly paclitaxel (TAX), ultimately lead to reduction in exercise capacity and quality of life. However, little is known about the specific effect of each type of chemotherapy.

In our recent article (see Citations field in the References module), The investigators demonstrated that chemotherapy effects on skeletal muscle are drug-dependent. Using muscle biopsies before and 4 days after the first administration of EC or TAX, we demonstrated that unlike TAX, EC induced severe muscle atrophy and mitochondrial alterations. Of note, patients in the TAX group had already received EC during the preceding weeks (Figure 1). Therefore, these patients had already begun to have altered skeletal muscle homeostasis, which might have limited the influence of TAX compared with that of its administration in isolation (i.e., without other previous chemotherapy administrations). In addition, some patients had received, concomitantly with TAX, Trastuzumab (TRASTU) due to HER tumor mutation. Also, in triple negative breast cancers, the recommendations concerning neo(adjuvant) chemotherapy have recently changed and recommend starting treatment with the use of paclitaxel + carboplatin (TAX + CARBO).
Following drug administration, a 6- to 8-hour tissue distribution phase is observed. This is followed by a much more gradual decline in the serum concentration of the drug, which is dependent on the elimination of digoxin from the body. The peak height and slope of the early portion (absorption/distribution phases) of the serum concentration-time curve are dependent upon the route of administration and the absorption characteristics of the formulation.

Clinical evidence indicates that the early high serum concentrations do not reflect the concentration of digoxin at its site of action, but that with chronic use, the steady-state post-distribution serum concentrations are in equilibrium with tissue concentrations and correlate with pharmacologic effects. In individual patients, these post-distribution serum concentrations may be useful in evaluating therapeutic and toxic effects (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION: Serum Digoxin Concentrations).

Digoxin is concentrated in tissues and therefore has a large apparent volume of distribution. Digoxin crosses both the blood-brain barrier and the placenta. At delivery, the serum digoxin concentration in the newborn is similar to the serum concentration in the mother. Approximately 25% of digoxin in the plasma is bound to protein. Serum digoxin concentrations are not significantly altered by large changes in fat tissue weight, so that its distribution space correlates best with lean (i.e., ideal) body weight, not total body weight.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an external preparation composition for prophylaxis and treatment of mucocutaneous inflammation of livestock, which is stable for a long period to dermatic infection or inflammation of animals, particularly mastitis of cows, and has high safety and is effective.  <P>SOLUTION: The external preparation composition is obtained by formulating provitamin C with an oil. Since the provitamin C and the oil are formulated in the external composition, the provitamin C is effectively permeated into the skin and ascorbic acid converted from the provitamin C suppresses skin inflammation and the oil component protects the skin and the tissue, and collagen synthesis and elastin synthesis are promoted and the skin and the subcutaneous tissue are regenerated by the effect of ascorbic acid, and prophylactic and therapeutic effects on various dermatic infections and inflammation including mastitis of cows are exhibited. The composition is stable over a long period and safe to livestock and human. Even when the composition is mixed from milk, or the like, into a food product, the composition is converted to vitamin C in the food product. As a result, the composition becomes useful also to human health in addition to prophylaxis and treatment of mucocutaneous inflammation.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive disease that occurs primarily in older individuals, 55 to 75 years of age, with a median survival of approximately 3 years from time of diagnosis. At present, there are no effective treatments for patients with IPF. Levels of apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) have been found to be reduced in the lungs of patients with IPF, while administration of human apoA-I has been shown to reduce bleomycin-induced collagen deposition in a murine model. Here, we would like to assess whether apoA-I pathways modify lung cell biology in patients with IPF. This is a specimen procurement, clinical phenotyping and genotyping protocol that will assess whether holo-apoA-I and apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptides, can attenuate key pathogenic manifestations of IPF, such as proliferation and extracellular matrix generation by pulmonary fibroblasts, which may serve as evidence to support future human clinical trials of apoA-I for the treatment of IPF. Furthermore, the identification of new apoA-I responsive genes and pathways that mediate fibroblast proliferation in IPF may provide insights into disease pathogenesis and identify new therapeutic targets. Lastly, if induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can be successfully shown to model responsiveness of lung cells to apoA-I therapy, then this approach may be expanded with the goal of providing a personalized medicine analysis that could in the future guide selection of the most effective therapy for individual patients.
Participants will be randomized to receive multiple doses of different dose levels of VX-828. The dose levels will be determined based on the data from Part A.
PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence of Y chromosome polymorphisms in Chinese men and analyze their associations with male infertility and female adverse pregnancy outcomes.
METHODS: The clinical data of 32,055 Chinese men who underwent karyotype analysis from October 2014 to September 2019 were collected. Fisher's exact test, chi-square test, or Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the effects of Y chromosome polymorphism on semen parameters, azoospermia factor (AZF) microdeletions, and female adverse pregnancy outcomes.
RESULTS: The incidence of Y chromosome polymorphic variants was 1.19% (381/32,055) in Chinese men. The incidence of non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) was significantly higher in men with the Yqh- variant than that in men with normal karyotype and other Y chromosome polymorphic variants (p < 0.050). The incidence of AZF microdeletions was significantly different among the normal karyotype and different Y chromosome polymorphic variant groups (p < 0.001). The detection rate of AZF microdeletions was 28.92% (24/83) in the Yqh- group and 2.50% (3/120) in the Y ≤ 21 group. The AZFb + c region was the most common AZF microdeletion (78.57%, 22/28), followed by AZFc microdeletion (7.14%,2/28) in NOA patients with Yqh- variants. There was no significant difference in the distribution of female adverse pregnancy outcomes among the normal karyotype and different Y chromosome polymorphic variant groups (p = 0.528).
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with 46,XYqh- variant have a higher incidence of NOA and AZF microdeletions than patients with normal karyotype and other Y chromosome polymorphic variants. Y chromosome polymorphic variants do not affect female adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Because calcitonin is a polypeptide, the possibility of a systemic allergic reaction exists. A few cases of serious allergic-type reactions have been reported in patients receiving calcitonin-salmon nasal spray, including cases of anaphylaxis and anaphylactic shock. With injectable calcitonin-salmon there have been a few reports of serious allergic-type reactions (e.g. bronchospasm, swelling of the tongue or throat, anaphylactic shock), including very rare reports of death attributed to anaphylaxis. The usual provisions should be made for emergency treatment if such a reaction should occur. Allergic reactions should be differentiated from generalized flushing and hypotension.

For patients with suspected sensitivity to calcitonin, skin testing should be considered prior to treatment utilizing a dilute, sterile solution of a calcitonin-salmon injectable product. Physicians may wish to refer patients who require skin testing to an allergist. A detailed skin testing protocol is available from Upsher-Smith Laboratories, Inc. by calling toll-free at 1-800-654-2299.
Sodium Fluoride F 18 Injection, USP is a positron emitting radiopharmaceutical, containing no-carrier-added, radioactive fluoride F 18 that is used for diagnostic purposes in conjunction with PET imaging. It is administered by intravenous injection. The active ingredient, sodium fluoride F 18, has the molecular formula Na[18F] with a molecular weight of 40.99, and has the following chemical structure:

Sodium Fluoride F 18 Injection, USP is provided as a ready-to-use, isotonic, sterile, pyrogen-free, preservative-free, clear and colorless solution. Each mL of the solution contains between 370 MBq to 7,400 MBq (10 mCi to 200 mCi) sodium fluoride F 18, at the EOS reference time, in 0.9% aqueous sodium chloride. The pH of the solution is between 4.5 and 8. The solution is presented in 30 mL multiple- dose glass vials with variable total volume and total radioactivity in each vial.
Roundabout (ROBO) 1 and 2 are transmembrane receptors that bind secreted SLIT ligands through their extracellular domains (ECDs) and signal through their cytoplasmic domains to modulate the cytoskeleton and regulate cell migration, adhesion, and proliferation. SLIT-ROBO signaling regulates pathological ocular neovascularization, which is a major cause of vision loss worldwide, but pharmacological tools to prevent SLIT-ROBO signaling are lacking. Here, we developed human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the ROBO1 and ROBO2 ECDs. One antibody that inhibited in vitro SLIT2 signaling through ROBO1 and ROBO2 (anti-ROBO1/2) also reduced ocular neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) and laser-induced corneal neovascularization (CNV) mouse models in vivo. Single-cell RNA sequencing of OIR retinas revealed that antibody treatment affected several cell types relevant to physiological and pathological angiogenesis, including endothelial cells, pericytes, and a heterogeneous population of myeloid cells. mAb treatment improved blood-retina barrier integrity and prevented pathological pericyte activation in OIR. SLIT-ROBO signaling inhibition prevented pathological activation of myeloid cells and increased neuroprotective myeloid populations normally seen in the developing retina. Microglia/infiltrating macrophage-specific ablation of Robo1 and Robo2 or knockout of the downstream effector phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (Pik3cg) encoding PI3Kγ in both OIR and CNV models phenocopied anti-ROBO1/2 treatment, further demonstrating the key role of myeloid cells as drivers of ocular neovascular diseases. ROBO1/2 blocking antibodies may thus provide a promising strategy to combat inflammation in blinding eye diseases.
This study will allow women with serious gynecological conditions to sample both traditional nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (electronic cigarettes, ENDS). Whether the woman samples NRT or ENDS first will be randomized. Women will choose the product they wish to try for a 6-week intervention period for smoking cessation. Women choosing NRT will receive a 6-week intervention of a daily nicotine patch plus either nicotine gum or lozenges to use (as needed) throughout the day. The ENDS group will receive an electronic cigarette device with refills to last the 6-week duration of the study. Both groups will receive identical tobacco cessation counseling. As part of the study, each subject will complete a survey conducted at baseline, 6-weeks into the study during intervention, and upon completion of a 6 week follow-up period in which participants receive no intervention. At the 12-week measurement period we will add a qualitative interview that will allow us to ask the women whether the methods were acceptable, caused any problems, and if so, what the problems entailed.
The results of two randomized, multicenter, calcium-supplemented (500 to 1,000 mg per day), placebo-controlled, 2 year clinical trials have shown that estradiol and norethindrone acetate tablets 1 mg/0.5 mg and estradiol 0.5 mg are effective in preventing bone loss in postmenopausal women. A total of 462 postmenopausal women with intact uteri and baseline BMD values for lumbar spine within 2 standard deviations of the mean in healthy young women (T-score > -2.0) were enrolled. In a US trial, 327 postmenopausal women (mean time from menopause 2.5 to 3.1 years) with a mean age of 53 years were randomized to 7 groups (0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, and 1 mg of estradiol alone, 1 mg estradiol with 0.25 mg norethindrone acetate, 1 mg estradiol with 0.5 mg norethindrone acetate, and 2 mg estradiol with 1 mg norethindrone acetate, and placebo). In a European trial (EU trial), 135 postmenopausal women (mean time from menopause 8.4 to 9.3 years) with a mean age of 58 years were randomized to 1 mg estradiol with 0.25 mg norethindrone acetate, 1 mg estradiol with 0.5 mg norethindrone acetate, and placebo. Approximately 58 percent and 67 percent of the randomized subjects in the two clinical trials, respectively, completed the two clinical trials. BMD was measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). 

A summary of the results comparing estradiol and norethindrone acetate tablets 1 mg/0.5 mg and estradiol 0.5 mg to placebo from the two prevention trials is shown in Table 5. 

The overall difference in mean percentage change in BMD at the lumbar spine in the US trial (1000 mg per day calcium) between estradiol and norethindrone acetate tablets 1 mg/0.5 mg and placebo was 5.9 percent and between estradiol 0.5 mg and placebo was 4.4 percent. In the European trial (500 mg per day calcium), the overall difference in mean percentage change in BMD at the lumbar spine was 6.3 percent. Estradiol and norethindrone acetate tablets 1 mg/0.5 mg and estradiol 0.5 mg also increased BMD at the femoral neck and femoral trochanter compared to placebo. The increase in lumbar spine BMD in the US and European clinical trials for estradiol and norethindrone acetate tablets 1 mg/0.5 mg and estradiol 0.5 mg is displayed in Figure 6. 

Figure 6: Percentage Change in Bone Mineral Density (BMD) ± SEM of the Lumbar Spine (L1-L4) for Estradiol and Norethindrone Acetate Tablets 1 mg/0.5 mg and Estradiol 0.5 mg (Intent to Treat Analysis with Last Observation Carried Forward)
PURPOSE:To prepare a large amount of the titled compound important to health efficiently without adding a drug, etc. and without losing vitamin A, by irradiating seaweeds with ultraviolet light with wave length in a given range. CONSTITUTION:Seaweeds such as a sea lettuce, green laver, Hizikia fusiforme, a sea tangle, etc. with ultraviolet light with 280-320mm. wave length, so that ergosterol contained in the seaweeds is easily activated, to give the desired substance. EFFECT:Heat is not generated by irradiation, and vitamin D2 obtained by irradiation is more luster than one without irradiation. Preparation is not affected by weather, and this process is a useful process.
PURPOSE:To obtain an enteric solid pharmaceutical, by coating a solid agent with a film of an enteric coating base without particularly using an organic solvent. CONSTITUTION:An enteric solid pharmaceutical is prepared by coating a solid agnet, e.g. powder, fine granule, granule, tablet or capsule, with a film of an enteric coating base, e.g. hydroxypropyl methyl celluose phthalate acetate succinate, cellulose acetate phthalate or carboxymethyl ethyl cellulose. The film is preferably obtained by dispersing or dissolving an enteric coating base having  <=100mum particle diameter and a plasticizer, e.g. triethyl citrate, in water, forming the film by the extrusion molding, calender molding or casting molding  method or dissolving the enteric coating base in a solvent consisting of an organic solvent essentially, and forming the film by the casting molding method.
The study uses a longitudinal, within-person design with two parallel conditions. In one condition, youth receive a 6-week canine therapy intervention. The other condition consists of treatment as usual. The subject population are youth that are in a full-time residential treatment facility in Lawrence Hall. All studies activities take place in Lawrence Hall. Please note that per Lawrence Hall policy, youth are selected by Lawrence Hall staff to participate in the Recovery \& Care Canine-Assisted Therapy program while in residence. A group of closely-matched youth will also be selected by Lawrence Hall staff to serve as the waitlist control (treatment-as-usual) group.

The Recovery \& Care Canine-Assisted Therapy intervention is a 1.25 hour structured curriculum that will occur weekly across a period of 6 weeks. The program will be delivered by the Canine Therapy Corps (CTCorps). Youth will work with CTC-affiliate staff, including trained dog-handler teams, a canine behavior expert, and a clinical supervisor to engage in a series of structured activities progress throughout the intervention. Week 1 is a "meet-and-greet" session where youth are introduced to all dog-handler teams participating in the program and will be asked to select a team to work with for the following sessions. Each youth is assigned their own dog-handler team. Weeks 2 cover activities regarding dog obedience, building from mastering basic commands which the dog already knows (such as "sit," "stay'") to the introduction of "new tricks" that the dog has not yet learned. In Weeks 3, youth will continue to work on mastering the "new tricks" with their dog-handler team and will also begin dog agility training. The agility training session progress in terms of complexity of number and types of obstacles. Week 4 is for proofing all skills (obedience, trick, agility) learned in previous sessions. Week 5 continues proofing all skills and is discussion of the graduation structure and dress rehearsal, and Week 6 is a graduation ceremony where family and friends are invited to observe the progress each youth has made with their dog-handler team. In Weeks 1-5, the goals of each session are outlined at the beginning of the session and brief education is provided regarding the session goals. Weeks 2-5 also include a review of the skills/activities covered in prior weeks. At the end of sessions 1-5, youth are asked to reflect on what they did during the session, including discussion of what they did really well, what they wanted to work on further, and goals for the next session. Research staff will be present during all sessions to record fidelity measures. The Positive and Negative Affect Scale will be administered on-site by research staff at the beginning and end of each intervention session. Change in affect are primary and secondary outcome measures.

Baseline and Follow-up data will be collected up to 1-month before and 1-month after the intervention programs from both the treatment and control groups.
PURPOSE:To obtain the subject compounds, cyclic depsipeptides separated from the culture fluid of Didymostilbe sp. RF-2091 strain, inhibiting the enzyme induced due to high-level cholesterol diet, useful as e.g. a medicine for treating arteriosclerosis with few side effects. CONSTITUTION:Didymostilbe sp. RF-2691 strain is inoculated into a medium to conduct a shaking culture at 28 deg.C for 3 days, and the resultant culture fluid is inoculated into a medium in a jar fermenter, in which a culture is made under aceration and agitation at 28 deg.C for 4 days, and the resultant culture fluid is centrifuged and separated into microbial layer and aqueous layer. The microbes are then extracted with acetone followed by evaporating the acetone at reduced pressures to remain concentrated aqueous layer. This aqueous layer is then put to extraction with ethyl acetate, and the resultant ethyl acetate solution is concentrated at reduced pressures to obtain the aimed substance in a crude form, which is then subjected to counter current partition with n-hexane: 95% methanol (1:1) and the methanol layer is concentrated at a reduced pressure followed by extraction with ethyl acetate; the resultant extract is concentrated and then purified by medium-pressure column chromatography, thus obtaining the objective substance of the formula [R<1> is CH(CH3), etc.; R<2> is CH2CH=C (CH3)2, etc.].
Applied the protocols of PBM group and immediately after, to MT group. 17 individuals.