anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The LATE complementary feeding group is defined as the introduction of complementary food ≥17th week of life corrected for term. In addition, infants are stratified to the milk regime, like combined milk feeding, at the study enrollment.
Retroperitoneal fibrosis refers to a group of diseases characterized by hyperplasia of the fibrosclerotic tissues in the retroperitoneal space, which mostly involve the abdominal aorta and iliac artery distal to the kidneys. The hyperplastic tissues can compress the surrounding ureters and inferior vena cava and cause serious complications such as aortic aneurysm, renal failure, and even death. There is no clear boundary between the lesion and its surrounding tissues. The lesion is diffuse and difficult to resect. corticosteroid is the first-line medication, but the recurrence rate of the disease is high, especially after dose reduction of corticosteroid. Therefore, the combined use of immunosuppressants is very important in preventing disease recurrence and reducing the toxic and side effects of long-term high- and medium-dose corticosteroid. In recent years, as the immunological characteristics of retroperitoneal fibrosis have gradually been recognized, some rheumatologists and immunologists have attempted to use immunosuppressants commonly used for autoimmune diseases in this population, including biologics. However, high-level evidences of evidence-based medicine such as randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were still lacking. Sirolimus plays dual roles in inhibiting T lymphocyte activation and fibroblast proliferation. It is inferred from its mechanism that sirolimus is a good potential treatment option for idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. Therefore, we conducted this RCT on patients with idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis to determine the efficacy and safety of sirolimus.
The present invention belongs to the field of microbiology, and particularly relates to membrane vesicles (MVs) isolated from bacteria, and an isolation and preparation system and method for the membrane vesicles, and applications of the membrane vesicles. The bacteria of the present invention comprise Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria. The invention uses ionizing irradiation to irradiate bacteria, and isolates and purifies the produced membrane vesicles. The membrane vesicles prepared can be used as a vaccine, a vaccine adjuvant and/or a pharmaceutical carrier. In addition, the present invention provides a biological composition comprising the membrane vesicles and inactivated bacteria. In addition, the present invention also provides a preparation system, and isolation and purification system for bacterial membrane vesicles and the corresponding method. The membrane vesicles obtained by using the system and method have high yield, high purity and easy to be industrialized.
The Parkinsons disease is a neurodegenerative disease in which dopamine neurons are gradually removed from the substantia nigra of the brain. The inventors have clarified that a PRAS40 fusion protein can protect dopamine neurons from oxidation stress in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and Parkinsons disease animal models. The PRAS40 fusion protein has been confirmed to be able to smoothly move into SH-SY5Y cells and into the substantia nigra of the brain through a Western blot analysis. The PRAS40 fusion protein remarkably inhibits DNA fragment and production of active oxygen species induced by MPP^+, and the survival of SH-SY5Y cells is eventually induced. In addition, immunohistochemical analyzing data using TH antibody and cresyl violet coloration shows that the PRAS40 fusion protein remarkably protects dopamine cells in the substantia nigra with respect to oxidation stress such as MPTP. Accordingly, the PRAS40 fusion protein can be used in preventing and treating the Parkinsons disease.
Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) or electrical stimulation in the epidural space of the spinal canal has been used for more than 50 years to treat chronic pain by modulating the activity of the spinal cord or spinal cord roots. While originally conceived out of gate theory, the precise effects of spinal cord stimulation are still an active area of research. Certainly there are multiple factors contributing to this unchanged responder rate including diagnosis, psychosocial factors, comorbidities, and implementation gaps, but a major technical hurdle remains personalizing therapy to engage in the precise pain circuits for each individual patient in anatomic location and over time. The delivery of spinal cord stimulation varies significantly with changes in position due to the movement of the spinal cord and its associated nerve roots. Existing spinal cord stimulation platforms rely on tonic stimulation with minimal adjustment with movements of the spinal cord or any adjustment due to changing physiology. Tonic stimulation assumes a stationary system that does not account for short or long-term effects of plasticity or movement. However, the effect of stimulation on the circuits of the spinal cord as with all stimulation of the nervous system can be measured through an event-related potential (ERP) synchronized to stimulation pulses, called the evoked compound action potential (ECAP). As an evoked-response, it is clear that ECAPs may provide a more dynamic insight into the underlying electrophysiologic system underlying the anatomic pathways of chronic pain, and some reports have correlated ECAPs to measures of pain relief, which is difficult to disassociate in patients with stable patterns of pain. The spatial variance of ECAP may imply that spinal cord stimulation for the purposes of pain relief is not homologous to features available in the ECAP signal but could be accessible in the variability of ECAP signal. Similarly, very little experimental evidence exists to incorporate the complex role of pain processing and valuation systems into a model of ECAP electrophysiology. Namely, the correlation between top-down control and higher-order (cognitive/mood) circuit interactions with ECAP features and chronic pain. Understanding the electrophysiology of evoked responses in the spinal cord in the competitive market of non-opioid pain relief should be grounded in basic pain phenotype modeling. This proposal represents the first step in that pathway by studying the feasibility of capturing ECAPs during clinical externalization while collecting the necessary data for behavioral modeling for future causal analysis with ECAP features. This protocol establishes the first step towards closed-loop stimulation through open-loop measurement and stimulation during an existing clinical paradigm. This study aims to understand the feasibility of implementing ECAP during the externalization period of a clinical trial while simultaneously providing clinical feedback for optimal settings discovered during testing.
The invention relates to the chemistry of medical compounds, and particularly to a group of chiral conjugates (optically active hybrid molecules) of oligo-ether polyol structure, which are inhibitors of ATP-dependent reverse transporters of cells (OEP inhibitors). An OEP inhibitor is a conjugate having an equimolar ratio of optically active polyoxypropylene hexol and polyoxypropylene glycol. The claimed method by which the conjugate is produced allows the production of a preparation which increases the efficacy of medicines by means of inhibiting the multi-drug resistance mechanisms of cells. The resulting preparation may be used in biology, pharmacology, pharmaceutics, medicine, and agriculture. The OEP inhibitor is produced by hydroxypropylation of a mixture of sorbitol and a bifunctional oxygen-containing compound in the presence of a hydroxide of an alkaline or alkaline earth metal. The bifunctional oxygen-containing compound used may be water, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, tetrapropylene glycol, pentapropylene glycol, hexapropylene glycol, heptapropylene glycol or a mixture thereof. The inhibitor is a conjugate of polyoxypropylene glycol having a molecular mass of from 300 to 500 Da and polyoxypropylene hexol having a molecular mass of from 1000 to 1500 Da in an equimolar ratio, with a hydroxyl value within a range of 215-240 mg KOH/g
Spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome (STLS) is a rare oncological emergency characterised by the spontaneous destruction of tumour cells in the absence of chemotherapy, with the release of large amounts of intracellular ions and metabolic products leading to organ damage and at times death. In chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), historically, tumour lysis syndrome has been rarely observed owing to low rate of proliferation and slow response to chemotherapy. We report a rare case of STLS in underlying undiagnosed CLL. A man in his 60s presented with vomiting, diarrhoea, breathlessness on exertion and oliguria. Laboratory evaluation revealed a typical constellation of metabolic abnormalities; hyperuricaemia, hyperkalaemia, hyperphosphataemia and hypocalcaemia with acute kidney injury. Peripheral blood examination showed lymphocytosis with smudge cells. Flow cytometry revealed atypical B lymphoid cells positive for CD5, CD19, CD23, CD45 and CD200. Bone marrow studies and lymph node biopsy supported the diagnosis of underlying CLL which was further confirmed by fluorescent in situ hybridisation. With prompt diagnosis, intervention and intensive monitoring, the end-organ damage was successfully prevented. This case report highlights the importance of keeping high index of suspicion for STLS even without a background history of malignancy as this life-threatening condition is potentially salvageable.
Schools in the intervention condition will be assigned to receive coaching and logistical support to develop and tailor an implementation strategy across 1 academic year. This strategy will then be implemented in the following academic years (2- year pilot).
Prior to the intervention a 4-week control period, where the non-instrumented standing frame is used according to current practice, will be carried out. Subsequently, a 4-week intervention period, where the standing frame is instrumented (PONDUS®) allowing continued adjustments of the force and position within and between sessions will be conducted.
All patients underwent a medical evaluation that included physical examination and routine laboratory studies before and after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment. Upon meeting the inclusion criteria and providing informed consent, each participant will complete a series of cognitive assessments and rTMS treatments at the First Affiliated Hospital of AnHui medical university. Patients were randomly allocated to rTMS group and the sham group. There are about 20 patients in each group. For the all patients, allocation was by coin toss. Patients were studied using a double-blind design. Study participants, clinical raters, and all personnel responsible for the clinical care of the patient remained masked to allocated condition and allocation parameters. Only rTMS administrators had access to the randomization list; they had minimal contact with the patients, and no role in cognitive and synptom assessments. Each patient would be treated for continuous 15 days by rTMS.

Before the rTMS treatment, a series of cognitive assessments and neuropsychological tests were obtained by a trained investigator to assess baseline. Each assessment will involve a set of assessment tools, the associative memory as the primary outcome measure and various other tasks and questionnaires to measure cognition(including MoCA,MMSE, DS, Stroop test, TMT, BNT-30, VFT, CDT,JLOT.Form H,HVOT), memory (CAVLT, LMT), emotion(HAMA-17,HAMD-14,GDS-30), behavioral and psychological symptoms(NPI), and treatment tolerability. All the tests are conducted in two days. The patients had receiving a magnetic resonance imaging scan in multi-modalities.

After the last treatment, the MoCA, and associative memory were obtained, as well as the Global Index of Safety to assess adverse events of the treatment. Patients were instructed to focus their answers on the past 15 days. The patients had also receiving a battery measure of neuropsychological tests, magnetic resonance imaging scan in multi-modalities. Two month after the last treatment, participants were interviewed to obtain the same assessment as before. They were instructed to focus their answers on the past months.
Specialized geriatric services care for older adults (≥ 65 years of age) with dementia and other progressive neurological disorders, frailty, and mental health conditions were provided both virtually and in person during the pandemic. The objective of this study was to implement a software-enabled standardized self-report instrument - the interRAI Check-Up Self-Report - to remotely assess patients. A convergent, mixed-methods research design was employed. Staff found the instrument easy to use and the program-level metrics helpful for planning. Most patients urgently needed a geriatrician assessment (72%) and had moderate to severe cognitive (34%) and functional impairments (34%), depressive symptoms (53%), loneliness (57%), daily pain (32%), and distressed caregivers (46%). Implementation considerations include providing ongoing support and facilitating intersectoral collaboration. The Check Up enhanced the geriatric assessment process by creating a system to track all needs for immediate and future care at both the patient and program level.
shoulder pain is a common medical condition, particularly in middle-aged and older adults, Shoulder pain makes up about 15% of all musculoskeletal complaints and has an incidence of 25 cases/1000 patients from 45-64 years old. Most shoulder problems fall into three major categories: soft tissue disorders, articular injury or instability, and arthritis. The incidence of lesions increases with age as tendon tissue progressively weakens or degenerates, but repeated microtrauma or overuse from professional or athletic activity can also cause soft tissue problems in all age groups.Patients younger than 30 yrs. old tend to have mild inflammatory or biomechanical causes for their pain such as a traumatic instability, tendinosis and arthropathy.The major cause of shoulder pain in patients older than 40 years is rotator cuff impingement and tears.There are no clear national guidelines for the diagnosis of shoulder pain. Several diagnostic tests are used for the diagnosis of soft tissue disorders, including clinical assessment, ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), CT , X-ray and Arthroscopy. Shoulder pain is common, but the complexity of the shoulder joint frequently creates a diagnostic challenge for clinicians trying to identify the source of pain. As it is the most mobile joint in the body, the shoulder has a wide variety of physical exam maneuvers and tests designed to help the clinician diagnose shoulder pathology. So the current challenge from the clinicians is to understand which physical exam test(s) can provide sensitive and specific data to diagnose shoulder pathology. Evaluation of these exam maneuvers is of moderate to low quality, but still provides valuable information on how to interpret these exam results. Ultrasound , In addition to the physical exam, point-of care diagnostic musculoskeletal ultrasound has evolved as a useful and powerful tool for both diagnosis and treatment of shoulder pain, and it has many advantages like being relatively inexpensive, noninvasive and widely available.Ultrasound is increasingly being used to image many of the structures that can cause chronic shoulder pain. Ultrasound has excellent in-plane and beam-thickness spatial resolution , although the contrast resolution of many abnormalities in the shoulder is less than that with MRI, and also it is particularly useful in patients with a suspected supraspinatus or infraspinatus tendon tear, but is also helpful in the assessment of the subscapularis, acromioclavicular joint capsule and osteophytes, biceps tendon, subacromial-subdeltoid bursa, and the spinoglenoid notch. Ultrasound also allows dynamic imaging, which can be helpful when looking for biceps tendon subluxation, subscapularis tendon tears, and arm-abduction supraspinatus tendon impingement .
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the main cause of deaths due to diabetes mellitus (DM). Due to the complexity of its onset, it is difficult to achieve accurate prevention and treatment. The classically activated macrophage (M1) polarization is a crucial proinflammatory mechanism of DKD, while the interaction and cascade effects of oxidative stress and inflammatory response remain to be elucidated. A urine proteomic analysis of patients with DM indicated that peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) had the higher abundance in DKD. We recently found that PRDX of parasitic protozoa Entamoeba histolytica, which was similar to human PRDX2 in amino acid sequence and spatial structure, could activate the inflammatory response of macrophages through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Hence, our study was designed to explore the role of PRDX2 in chronic inflammation during DKD. Combined with in vivo and in vitro experiments, results showed that the PRDX2 was positively correlated with DKD progression and upregulated by high glucose or recombinant tumor necrosis factor-α in renal tubular epithelial cells; Besides, recombinant PRDX2 could promote M1 polarization of macrophages, and enhance the migration as well as phagocytic ability of macrophages through TLR4. In summary, our study has explored the novel role of PRDX2 in DKD to provide a basis for further research on the diagnosis and treatment of DKD.
PCT No. PCT/SE95/00249 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 23, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 23, 1996 PCT Filed Mar. 9, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/25534 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 28, 1995A solid pharmaceutical composition for oral administration of small and medium size peptides, particularly vasopressin, oxytocin, and their analogues, comprises said peptide, an enteric coat and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier containing a buffering agent buffering at a pH of from 2 to 6, preferably at about pH 5. A method of manufacture of single doses of said peptide comprises mixing of the ingredients, forming the resulting mixture into spheres smaller than 2 mm, coating the spheres with an enteric coat which is readily soluble in gastric juice of pH 5.0 or higher but not at substantially lower pH, and filling the coated spheres in capsules or incorporating them into tablets, degradable in the stomach. Also disclosed is a method for oral administration to a patient of said single dose.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection playsa significant role in the etiology and progression of liver-relatedpathologies, encompassing chronic hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and eventual hepatocellularcarcinoma (HCC). Notably, HBV infection stands as the primary etiologicalfactor driving the development of HCC. Given the significant contribution ofHBV infection to liver diseases, a comprehensive understanding of immunedynamics in the liver microenvironment, spanning chronic HBV infection,fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC, is essential. In this review, we focused on thefunctional alterations of CD8+ T cells within the pathogenic livermicroenvironment from HBV infection to HCC. We thoroughly reviewed the roles ofhypoxia, acidic pH, metabolic reprogramming, amino acid deficiency, inhibitory checkpointmolecules, immunosuppressive cytokines, and the gut-liver communication in shapingthe dysfunction of CD8+ T cells in the liver microenvironment. Thesefactors significantly impact the clinical prognosis. Furthermore, we comprehensivelyreviewed CD8+ T cell-based therapy strategies for liver diseases,encompassing HBV infection, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC. Strategies includeimmune checkpoint blockades, metabolic T-cell targeting therapy, therapeuticT-cell vaccination, and adoptive transfer of genetically engineered CD8+ T cells, along with the combined usage of programmed cell death protein-1/programmeddeath ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors with mitochondria-targeted antioxidants.Given that targeting CD8+ T cells at various stages of hepatitis Bvirus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV + HCC) shows promise, we reviewedthe ongoing need for research to elucidate the complex interplay between CD8+ T cells and the liver microenvironment in the progression of HBV infection toHCC. We also discussed personalized treatment regimens, combining therapeuticstrategies and harnessing gut microbiota modulation, which holds potential forenhanced clinical benefits. In conclusion, this review delves into the immunedynamics of CD8+ T cells, microenvironment changes, and therapeuticstrategies within the liver during chronic HBV infection, HCC progression, andrelated liver diseases.
OBJECTıVES: This study investigates whether Cloprostenol, a synthetic prostaglandin analog, could protect against ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury in rat ovaries. METHODS: Adult female rats were divided into four groups: Sham groups, ischemia (IS) groups, ischemia/reperfusion (IR) groups, and Cloprostenol-treated (CT) groups. The IR injury model was established by clamping the ovarian pedicle for a specified period, followed by reperfusion. The CT group received a pre-treatment of Cloprostenol before inducing ischemia. Ovarian tissues were collected for histological, and immunohistochemical examination. RESULTS: The IS group exhibited severe morphological damage to ovarian tissues, including disrupted tissue architecture and increased apoptosis (p < 0.001). In contrast, the CT group displayed significantly improved ovarian histology, with notable preservation of ovarian tissue and reduced apoptotic activity (p < 0.01). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the levels of 8-Hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), Caspase 3, Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) staining, which were elevated in the IS and IR groups, were significantly diminished in the CT group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSıON: Cloprostenol administration before IR injury in rat ovaries demonstrated a remarkable protective effect by improving histological damage and reducing DNA damage inflammation. These results highlight the therapeutic potential of Cloprostenol in safeguarding ovarian health against IR.