anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The increasing prevalence of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and multiple sclerosis presents a significant global health challenge. Despite extensive research, the precise mechanisms underlying these conditions remain elusive, with current treatments primarily addressing symptoms rather than root causes. Emerging evidence suggests that gut permeability and the kynurenine pathway are involved in the pathogenesis of these neurological conditions, offering promising targets for novel therapeutic and preventive strategies. Gut permeability refers to the intestinal lining's ability to selectively allow essential nutrients into the bloodstream while blocking harmful substances. Various factors, including poor diet, stress, infections, and genetic predispositions, can compromise gut integrity, leading to increased permeability. This condition facilitates the translocation of toxins and bacteria into systemic circulation, triggering widespread inflammation that impacts neurological health via the gut-brain axis. The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a complex communication network between the gut and the central nervous system. Dysbiosis, an imbalance in the gut microbiota, can increase gut permeability and systemic inflammation, exacerbating neuroinflammation-a key factor in neurological disorders. The kynurenine pathway, the primary route for tryptophan metabolism, is significantly implicated in this process. Dysregulation of the kynurenine pathway in the context of inflammation leads to the production of neurotoxic metabolites, such as quinolinic acid, which contribute to neuronal damage and the progression of neurological disorders. This narrative review highlights the potential and progress in understanding these mechanisms. Interventions targeting the kynurenine pathway and maintaining a balanced gut microbiota through diet, probiotics, and lifestyle modifications show promise in reducing neuroinflammation and supporting brain health. In addition, pharmacological approaches aimed at modulating the kynurenine pathway directly, such as inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, offer potential avenues for new treatments. Understanding and targeting these interconnected pathways are crucial for developing effective strategies to prevent and manage neurological disorders.
Patients receive fludarabine phosphate IV over 30 minutes daily on days -3 to -5 and cyclophosphamide IV over 60 minutes daily on day -5. Patients also receive CD19 CAR T cells IV on day 0.
Participants receive usual care on study. Participants also receive nutrition education, lifestyle recommendations, and participate in yoga, as well as marma therapeutic touch during one-on-one AVI visits over 1-2 hours for up to 14 visits over 6 months. After 6 months, participants may also complete a videoconference visit over 30 minutes once monthly for 6 months.
INTRODUCTION: Delirium, a clinical manifestation of acute encephalopathy, is associated with extended hospitalisation, long-term cognitive dysfunction, increased mortality and high healthcare costs. Despite intensive research, there is still no targeted treatment. Delirium is characterised by electroencephalography (EEG) slowing, increased relative delta power and decreased functional connectivity. Recent studies suggest that transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can entrain EEG activity, strengthen connectivity and improve cognitive functioning. Hence, tACS offers a potential treatment for augmenting EEG activity and reducing the duration of delirium. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and assess the efficacy of tACS in reducing relative delta power.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled trial will be conducted across three medical centres in the Netherlands. The study comprises two phases: a pilot phase (n=30) and a main study phase (n=129). Participants are patients aged 50 years and older who are diagnosed with delirium using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision criteria (DSM-5-TR), that persists despite treatment of underlying causes. During the pilot phase, participants will be randomised (1:1) to receive either standardised (10 Hz) tACS or sham tACS. In the main study phase, participants will be randomised to standardised tACS, sham tACS or personalised tACS, in which tACS settings are tailored to the participant. All participants will undergo daily 30 min of (sham) stimulation for up to 14 days or until delirium resolution or hospital discharge. Sixty-four-channel resting-state EEG will be recorded pre- and post the first tACS session, and following the final tACS session. Daily delirium assessments will be acquired using the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist and Delirium Observation Screening Scale. The pilot phase will assess the percentage of completed tACS sessions and increased care requirements post-tACS. The primary outcome variable is change in relative delta EEG power. Secondary outcomes include (1) delirium duration and severity, (2) quantitative EEG measurements, (3) length of hospital stay, (4) cognitive functioning at 3 months post-tACS and (5) tACS treatment burden. Study recruitment started in April 2024 and is ongoing.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study has been approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Utrecht University Medical Center and the Institutional Review Boards of all participating centres. Trial results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT06285721.
Huntington’s disease is a progressive disorder characterized by changes in mood, cognition, chorea, rigidity, and functional capacity over time. In a 12-week controlled trial, XENAZINE was also shown to cause slight worsening in mood, cognition, rigidity, and functional capacity. Whether these effects persist, resolve, or worsen with continued treatment is unknown. 

Prescribers should periodically re-evaluate the need for XENAZINE in their patients by assessing the effect on chorea and possible adverse effects, including depression and suicidality, cognitive decline, parkinsonism, dysphagia, sedation/somnolence, akathisia, restlessness, and disability. It may be difficult to distinguish between adverse reactions and progression of the underlying disease; decreasing the dose or stopping the drug may help the clinician distinguish between the two possibilities. In some patients, underlying chorea itself may improve over time, decreasing the need for XENAZINE.
The metabolic reprogramming of aerobic glycolysis contributes to tumorigenesis. High plasma lactate is a critical regulator in the development of many human malignancies; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms of cancer progression in response to lactate (LA) remain elusive. Here, we show that the reduction of Yin-Yang 1 (YY1) expression correlated with high LA commonly occurs in various cancer cell types, including B-lymphoma and cervical cancer. Mechanistically, LA induces YY1 nuclear export and degradation via HSP70-mediated autophagy adjacent to mitochondria in a histidine (His)-rich LA-responsive (LAR) motif-dependent manner. The mutation of the LAR motif blocks LA-mediated YY1 cytoplasmic accumulation and in turn enhances cell apoptosis. Furthermore, low expression of YY1 promotes colony formation, invasion, angiogenesis, and growth of cancer cells in response to LA in vitro and in vivo using a murine xenograft model. Taken together, our findings reveal a key LAR element and may serve as therapeutic target for intervening cancer progression. Implications: We have shown that lactate can induce YY1 degradation via its His-rich LAR motif and low expression of YY1 promotes cancer cell progression in response to lactate, leading to better prediction of YY1 targeting therapy.
The sapropterin EAP (SEAP) is an open-label, multi-center program designed to provide access to sapropterin dihydrochloride for patients diagnosed with hyperphenylalaninemia due to PKU. All patients with a confirmed diagnosis of hyperphenylalaninemia due to PKU who are not currently enrolled in a clinical study with sapropterin dihydrochloride and meet the requisite inclusion criteria and do not meet any of the exclusion criteria may be eligible to participate in this program. Eligible patients may receive sapropterin dihydrochloride and participate in the program until commercial drug is available, however, the program will not continue beyond 2 months after the product receives marketing approval from the FDA. During the program, physicians will use their clinical judgment to assess whether a patient is a responder to sapropterin dihydrochloride. Participating physicians will measure blood Phe levels at baseline prior to treatment and then at least once between Day 7 and Day 30 following initiation of treatment to determine if the patient is a responder. A responder is a patient that has a clinically significant reduction in either the absolute or percent decrease in blood phenylalanine level compared to pre-treatment levels. The recommended starting dose of sapropterin dihydrochloride is 20 mg/kg/day. Physicians treating their patients with sapropterin dihydrochloride will be able to adjust the dose within a range of 5 mg/kg/day to 20 mg/kg/day if warranted in their clinical judgment. Adverse event information will be collected in an ongoing fashion through patient reporting AEs to their physician. Physicians will ask patients for information regarding adverse events that have occurred since the last visit. An adverse event report form will be completed in these cases and sent to BioMarin.
The present invention relates to a preparation technology and a production method for an integrated new formulation of a licorice and monkshood decoction, wherein the raw materials of active ingredients comprise: 6 parts by weight of honey-fried licorice, 12 parts by weight of monkshood, 6 parts by weight of bighead atractylodes rhizome, and 12 parts by weight of cinnamon twig. The production process of the integrated new formulation of licorice and monkshood decoction comprises the following steps of: supersonic air-jet crushing, alcohol-water extraction, ultrasonic crushing extraction, water decocting concentration, supersonic spray drying, nanometer grinding, high pressure homogenization, nano particle preparation and the like. According to the invention, the advantages, such as multi-synergism, multi-target, embodied by a nano-carrier coupling technique, are focused to be taken of. After the integrated new formulation of licorice and monkshood decoction is subjected to scale production, the production cost can be greatly reduced, the quality of products is greatly improved and the targeting property and the sustained and controlled release performance of the medicament are enhanced. The internal and external administration of the integrated new formulation of licorice and monkshood decoction can be realized simultaneously, and can be respectively taken in four time slices according to midnight-noon ebb-flow and qi and blood flowing rule of a human body. The integrated new formulation of licorice and monkshood decoction can be further prepared into films and transdermal agents which are respectively stuck to different parts of a human body according to the midnight-noon ebb-flow and qi and blood flowing rule of the human body and can be directly absorbed through skin.
The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of photobiomodulation (PBM) on the paretic upper limb in post-stroke patients with spastic hemiparesis and to understand the potential of PBM as a long-term non-invasive therapy for reducing the side effects caused by spasticity in the hemiparetic upper limb after a stroke. This is a double-blind randomized clinical trial constituted of 27 participants, being Control group (CG = 12 healthy individuals) and PBM group (PBMG = 15 post-stroke individuals). In the CG, the baseline blood lactate (BL) was evaluated, followed by the evaluation of the IC torque of the biceps and triceps muscles, with the isokinetic dynamometer associated with surface electromyography (EMG) and, subsequently, a new measurement of BL. The PBMG received 10 sessions of treatment with PBM (780 nm, Power: 100 mV, Power Density: 3.18 W/cm2, Energy: 4 J, Fluency: 127.4 J/cm2, Time: 40 s per point and 1.280 s total, Spot: 0.0314 cm2, 32 Points: 16 points (brachial biceps) and 16 points (brachial triceps) applied with contact at 90°, Total Energy: 64 J), which in the pre-treatment evaluation measured BL, the visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain; torque and EMG of the same muscles in the IC, subsequently, a new measurement of VAS and BL, and measurement of range of motion (ROM) during the reaching movement. At the conclusion of the ten sessions, all participants underwent a reassessment, wherein all tests originally administered during the initial evaluation were repeated. Subsequently, the data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test. For related data, the paired t-test was used for normal distributions and the Wilcoxon test for non-normal data. For unrelated data, the t test was used for normal distributions and the Mann-Whitney test for non-normal data. Muscle torque was higher for the CG, with a significant difference (CGxPBMG = p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference between the EMG values of the CG in relation to the Pre-PBM phase and with the Post-PBM phase of the PBMG (p > 0.05). On the other hand, there was a 38% reduction in pain reported by hemiparetic patients (p = 0.0127) and a decrease in BL in the PBMG. Post-PBM ROM increased by 46.1% in the elbow extension of the paretic limb. In conclusion, Photobiomodulation (PBM) demonstrated significant improvements in muscle performance, reducing fatigue and pain levels, and enhancing range of motion in post-stroke patients with spastic hemiparesis. These findings support the potential integration of PBM into rehabilitation protocols, but further research and clinical trials are needed to validate and expand upon these promising outcomes.
Necessary explanations were made to the patients in this group. Before application, 5 drops of black cumin oil were applied to the patient's knee for 20 minutes. waited. After making sure that there was no allergy, both knees were massaged with oil for a total of 30 minutes.
Participants will undergo two approximately 76 hour studies. During each of these intervention visits, participants will wear an Omnipod to deliver insulin and a Dexcom G6 CGM to measure glucose. The CGM system will provide sensed glucose data every 5 minutes. Sensed glucose data will be wirelessly transmitted via Bluetooth Low Energy (BTLE) from the Dexcom G6 transmitter to the Samsung master controller every five minutes. The smart phone will wirelessly communicate via BTLE to an Omnipod through an Omnipod PDM. During one of the studies, glucose will be controlled using the MPC AP. During another study, glucose will be controlled using the FMPD AP. The AP system will receive activity data through a Polar M600 watch worn by the participant.

Participants will arrive at the clinic at approximately 7am for the inpatient visits. Participants will eat breakfast, lunch and dinner in the clinic. Participants will perform activities of daily living and exercise using an aerobic exercise video. Participants will discharge at 7pm to go home for the remainder of the study visit and perform one exercise video session at home. Participants will return to OHSU on Day 4 for removal of all devices. The exception to this is for the first 8 participants using the MPC AP. These participants will stay at the research clinic during the day and go home to sleep each night (7pm-7am).
508,453. Hormones. CHEMISCHE FABRIK PROMONTA GES. Oct. 27, 1938, No. 31103. Convention date, Nov. 4, 1937. [Class 81 (i)] Extracts containing the hormone of the adrenal cortex are purified for the separation of lipoid substances and adrenalin by producing in the aqueous extract a precipitate of a ferrous compound such as the hydroxide, carbonate or phosphate, on which the undesired substances are adsorbed, and removing the precipitate. The hormones are extracted from the purified extract by means of organic solvents immiscible with water. The parent extract may be obtained by extracting adrenals with dilute alcohol and evaporating the alcohol. Ferrous sulphate or ferrous chloride may be added to the extract; a precipitate of ferrous hydroxide produced by the addition of calcium, barium or strontium hydroxide, or of sodium or potassium hydroxide or ammonia, or of the carbonate or phosphate by addition of the corresponding alkali compounds.
BACKGROUND: Sepsis remains a leading cause of mortality in intensive care units, and rapid and accurate pathogen detection is crucial for effective treatment. This study evaluated the clinical application of multi-site metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for the diagnosis of sepsis, comparing its performance against conventional methods.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 69 patients with sepsis consecutively admitted to the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital. Samples of peripheral blood and infection sites were collected for mNGS and conventional method tests to compare the positive rate of mNGS and traditional pathogen detection methods and the distribution of pathogens. The methods used in this study included a comprehensive analysis of pathogen consistency between peripheral blood and infection site samples. Additionally, the correlation between the pathogens detected and clinical outcomes was investigated.
RESULTS: Of the patients with sepsis, 57.97% experienced dyspnea, and 65.2% had underlying diseases, with hypertension being the most common. mNGS demonstrated a significantly higher pathogen detection rate (88%) compared to the conventional method tests (26%). The pathogen consistency rate was 60% between plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples, and that of plasma and local body fluid samples was 63%. The most frequently detected pathogens were gram-negative bacteria, and Klebsiella pneumonia. There were no significant differences in the clinical features between the pathogens.
CONCLUSION: mNGS is significantly superior to conventional methods in pathogen detection. There was a notable high pathogen consistency detection between blood and local body fluid samples, supporting the clinical relevance of mNGS. This study highlights the superiority of mNGS in detecting a broad spectrum of pathogens quickly and accurately.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable.
The prevalence of thyroid nodules by high-resolution ultrasound can be as high as 20%, though most of them are benign lesions, only about 5%\~15% are malignant lesions. Based on 1.4 billion population in China, there are approximately 280 million thyroid nodule carriers, of which approximately 14\~42 million are potential patients with thyroid cancer. Now thyroid cancer is the fastest growing cancer and the 4th most common cancer in women in China. Therefore, the key point in the evaluation of thyroid nodules is the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant nodules. At present, the commonly used imaging and cytological diagnostic techniques for thyroid nodules include ultrasound and ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), as well as emerging molecular diagnostic techniques.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of Thyroscan in the diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules with suspecious ultrasound features. For patients who have signed an informed consent, the subjects undergo fine needle aspiration of thyroid nodules classified as C-TIRADS catagories 3 or 4a under the guidance of ultrasound or palpation before receiving surgical treatment. One needle is used to prepare cytological smear, and one needle is preserved and sent to Thyroscan detection. The histopathological is obtained as the "gold standerd" after surgical treatment.
A composition and application thereof in treating spinal muscular atrophy. The invention provides a composition comprising an SMN adeno-associated viral vector, astrocytes. The combined treatment of the SMN adeno-associated virus vector and the astrocyte can carry out precise treatment and nutritional recovery on nerves, and is more beneficial to the recovery of SMA patients. The invention adopts the astrocytes induced and differentiated by the oral mucosa stem cells of the inventor and AAV vectors carrying SMN gene for injection together to correct SMN gene deletion or mutation and motor neuron dysfunction of patients. The astrocytes induced by the oral mucosa stem cells have high purity and short time, and can provide a large amount of cells. AAV vector carries SMN gene and can treat SMA disease precisely, and the induced astrocyte has the function of secreting nerve factor and promoting neuron recovery.
This study aims to report a case of progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia (PPRD) with two kinds of cellular communication network factor 6 (CCN6) gene mutation. In this paper, the clinical profile and the process of diagnosis were analyzed, and the related literature was reviewed. A 15-year-old boy, who developed progressive ankle and hip joint pain and enlargement with spine involvement, was diagnosed with PPRD. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein (CRP) were in the normal range; rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA) were all negative. Human leukocyte antigen 27 (HLA-B27) was also negative. Cene study discovered two kinds of mutations in CCN6 gene: c. 802T>C and c.624dup. Radiographic studies revealed spine platyspondyly and shaped beaked, osteoporosis, and bilateral symmetric bony enlargements of the interphalangeal joints. Hip shows bilateral acetabulum and femoral head bone marrow edema, which revealed hip arthritis. Gene detection, laboratory examination, and typical radiographic features are helpful for the diagnosis of PPRD. This is the first report of c. 802T>C and c.624dup mutations in patients with PPRD in our country.
The present invention relates to amoebae isolates, for use in the treatment of bacterial infections especially due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria, e.g.  A. baumannii, K. pneumoniae P aeruginosa and S. aureus drug  resistance strain. The present invention also provides a combination of amoebae isolates of the invention with an antibiotic for use in the treatment of bacterial infections, especially from antibiotic-resistant bacterial infection. Indeed, the inventors isolated amoebae able to predate on human pathogens and belonging to five genera:  Tetramitus, Acanthamoeba, Vermamoeba vermiformis, Vahlkampfia and Stemonitis.  Interestingly, pathogens previously reported as resisting predation by domesticated amoebae were found to be consumed by natural isolates of the same amoebal genera/ species. Specifically, one isolate,  Vermamoeba vermiformis  M-2 B4 presented a high predatory activity against all tested pathogens, decimating outnumbering antibiotic-resistant bacterial populations by up to 6 orders of magnitude in 24 hours. These voracious amoebae species with high predatory activity may represent an untapped resource to control and fight populations of antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
PCT No. PCT/GB96/00215 Sec. 371 Date Sep. 25, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Sep. 25, 1997 PCT Filed Jan. 31, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO96/23485 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 8, 1996A powder for use in a dry powder inhaler includes active particles and carrier particles for carrying the active particles. The powder further includes additive material (4) on the surfaces of the carrier particles to promote the release of the active particles from the carrier particles on actuation of the inhaler. The powder is such that the active particles are not liable to be released from the carrier particles before actuation of the inhaler. The inclusion of additive material (4) in the powder has been found to give an increased respirable fraction of the active material.