anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Addressing the recognized challenges and inequalities in providing high quality healthcare for rare diseases such as children's interstitial lung disease (chILD) requires collaboration across institutional, geographical, discipline, and system boundaries. The Children's Interstitial Lung Disease Respiratory Network of Australia and New Zealand (chILDRANZ) is an example of a clinical network that brings together multidisciplinary health professionals for collaboration, peer learning, and advocacy with the goal of improving the diagnosis and management of this group of rare and ultra-rare conditions. This narrative review explores the multifaceted benefits arising from social learning spaces within rare disease clinical networks by applying the value creation framework. The operation of the chILDRANZ network is used as an example across the framework to highlight how value is generated, realized, and transferred within such collaborative clinical and research networks. The community of practice formed in the chILDRANZ multidisciplinary meetings provides a strong example of social learning that engages with the uncertainty inherent in rare disease diagnosis and management and pays attention to generate new knowledge and best practice to make a difference for children and families living with chILD. This review underscores international calls for further investment in, and support of, collaborative clinical networks and virtual centers of excellence for rare disease.
This study will enroll 110 patients who are older than 60 years old and will have elective orthopedics, urology, or general surgeries under general anesthesia. Patients will be randomly assigned to TEAS group and control group. After routine anesthesia induction and tracheal intubation, patients in TEAS group will receive electrical stimulation of acupoints at Neiguan and Shenmen points for 30min every hour. In other words, the patients will receive TEAS stimulation for 30min, then no stimulation for 30min, then stimulation for another 30min, etc, until the end of the surgery. For patients in the control group, the electrodes will be only attached to the corresponding sites, with no TEAS electrical stimulation given during the operation. The primary outcome is the incidence of POCD at Day 7 after surgery. The secondary outcomes include the incidence of POD during post-operative days 1-7, the incidence of POCD at Day 30 after surgery, and the serum levels of cytokines, including IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、MMP9 on Day 1 after surgery.
Pediatric neoplasms represent a complex group of malignancies that pose unique challenges in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and understanding of the underlying molecular pathogenetic mechanisms. Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptors (EPHs), the largest family of receptor tyrosine kinases and their membrane-tethered ligands, ephrins, orchestrate short-distance cell-cell signaling and are intricately involved in cell-pattern morphogenesis and various developmental processes. Unraveling the role of the EPH/ephrin signaling pathway in the pathophysiology of pediatric neoplasms and its clinical implications can contribute to deciphering the intricate landscape of these malignancies. The bidirectional nature of the EPH/ephrin axis is underscored by emerging evidence revealing its capacity to drive tumorigenesis, fostering cell-cell communication within the tumor microenvironment. In the context of carcinogenesis, the EPH/ephrin signaling pathway prompts a reevaluation of treatment strategies, particularly in pediatric oncology, where the modest progress in survival rates and enduring treatment toxicity necessitate novel approaches. Molecularly targeted agents have emerged as promising alternatives, prompting a shift in focus. Through a nuanced understanding of the pathway's intricacies, we aim to lay the groundwork for personalized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, ultimately contributing to improved outcomes for young patients grappling with neoplastic challenges.
The present invention relates to transgene expression systems, related compositions comprising the transgene expression systems, and methods of making and using them. Preferred systems employ an adenovirus transgene expression vector comprising DNA encoding a transgene which codes for a desired product operably linked to expression control sequence, and at least a portion of the adenovirus E3 region and certain portions of the E4 region. The E4 portions comprise the open reading frame sequence known as E4ORF3 and at least one other portion of E4. Preferably the E4 portion of the vector (or "E4 cassette") includes E4ORF3 and at least one other portion selected from E4ORF4, E4ORF6/7 and E4ORF3/4. The invention has a number of important features including improving persistency of transgene expression in a desired host cell. The transgene expression systems of the present invention are useful for a variety of applications including providing persistent cellular expression of the transgene in vitro and in vivo.
Each year, 100 school children age 9-12 who meet inclusion criteria are selected from 5 randomly chosen schools to participate in the intervention group. The intervention children take part in the integrated approach for weight management consisting of (1) intensive weight loss camp (2) twelve weeks of after school clubs for consolidation purposes, and (3) social media and wearable sensors for support and monitoring.
Delirium has long been recognized within the adult intensive care world, but it is only within the past decade that its presence and prevalence in the context of pediatric intensive care has been studied. There is now a greater understanding of risk factors for delirium, a better selection of methods to recognize it, and treatment specifically directed to pediatric patients. An understanding of delirium is also relevant to pediatricians practicing outside of the intensive care unit, as delirium can present in other care environments, where it remains under-recognized. The purpose of this article is to review pediatric delirium by discussing its pathophysiology, the tools available to screen patients, and current prevention and management approaches. [Pediatr Ann. 2024;53(8):e288-e292.].
In ovarian cancer (OC), identifying key molecular players in disease escalation and chemoresistance remains critical. Our investigation elucidates the role of the DNA polymerase mu (POLM), especially G312R mutation, in propelling oncogenesis through dual pathways. POLMG312R markedly augments the ribonucleotide insertion capability of POLM, precipitating genomic instability. In addition, our research reveals that POLMG312R perturbs collagen alpha-1 (XI) chain (COL11A1) expression-a gene that plays a key role in oncogenesis-and modulates the NF-κB signaling pathway, alters the secretion of downstream inflammatory cytokines, and promotes tumor-macrophage interactions. We illustrate a bidirectional regulatory interaction between POLM, particularly its G312R variant, and COL11A1. This interaction regulates NF-κB signaling, culminating in heightened malignancy and resistance to chemotherapy in OC cells. These insights position the POLM as a potential molecular target for OC therapy, shedding light on the intricate pathways underpinning POLM variant disease progression.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our research reveals that POLM plays an important role in ovarian cancer development, especially the mutation G312R. We uncover the POLMG312R mutation as a driver of genomic instability in ovarian cancer via aberrant ribonucleotide incorporation. We reveal that POLMG312R upregulates COL11A1 and activates NF-κB signaling, contributing to tumor progression and chemoresistance. This study identifies the POLM-COL11A1-NF-κB axis as a novel oncogenic pathway.
Albumin, being the most abundant serum protein, has the potential to significantly enhance the physicochemical properties of therapeutic payloads, thereby improving their pharmacological effects. Apart from its passive transport via the enhanced permeability and retention effect, albumin can actively accumulate in tumor microenvironments or inflammatory tissues via receptor-mediated processes. This unique property makes albumin a promising scaffold for targeted drug delivery. This review focuses on exploring different delivery strategies that combine albumin with drug payloads to achieve targeted therapy for inflammatory diseases. Also, albumin-derived therapeutic products on the market or undergoing clinical trials in the past decade have been summarized to gain insight into the future development of albumin-based drug delivery systems. Given the involvement of inflammation in numerous diseases, drug delivery systems utilizing albumin demonstrate remarkable advantages, including enhanced properties, improved in vivo behavior and efficacy. Albumin-based drug delivery systems have been demonstrated in clinical trials, while more advanced strategies for improving the capacity of drug delivery systems with the help of albumin remain to be discovered. This could pave the way for biomedical applications in more effective and precise treatments.
Necrotizing infundibular crystalline folliculitis (NICF) is a rare type of necrotizing folliculitis. The disease typically manifests as folliculocentric papules arising in a seborrheic distribution. Only 23 cases exist in the literature. Most reported cases have arisen spontaneously, but a small number of drug-induced cases in the setting of epidermal-derived growth factor, vascular endothelial-derived growth factor, or PD-1 inhibitor therapy have been reported. Colonization by bacteria and/or yeast occurs frequently. The etiology remains unknown, but some suggest a complex interplay with an aberrant microbiome, sebaceous gland dysfunction, and perturbed EGFR signaling in follicular infundibula. Histopathologic findings include rupture of follicular epithelium, neutrophilic inflammation, and nodular cup-shaped crystal deposits. We present a case of spontaneous, recurrent NICF in an inverse pattern in the inguinal region.
Patients receive rituximab IV, cyclophosphamide IV, doxorubicin hydrochloride IV, and vincristine IV on day 1, and oral prednisone once daily on days 1-5. Treatment repeats every 21 days for 2 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Flunisolide nasal solution is not recommended for use in pediatric patients less than 6 years of age as safety and efficacy have not been assessed in this age group. Controlled clinical studies have shown that intranasal corticosteroids may cause a reduction in growth velocity in pediatric patients. This effect has been observed in the absence of laboratory evidence of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression, suggesting that growth velocity is a more sensitive indicator of systemic corticosteroid exposure in pediatric patients than some commonly used tests of HPA axis function. The long-term effects of this reduction in growth velocity associated with intranasal corticosteroids, including the impact on final adult height, are unknown. The potential for “catch up” growth following discontinuation of treatment with intranasal corticosteroids has not been adequately studied. The growth of pediatric patients receiving intranasal corticosteroids, including flunisolide nasal solution, should be monitored routinely (e.g., via stadiometry). The potential growth effects of prolonged treatment should be weighed against clinical benefits obtained and the availability of safe and effective noncorticosteroid treatment alternatives. To minimize the systemic effects of intranasal corticosteroids, including flunisolide nasal solution, each patient should be titrated to the lowest dose that effectively controls his/her symptoms.
Our knowledge of the organisation of the human brain at the population-level is yet to translate into power to predict functional differences at the individual-level, limiting clinical applications and casting doubt on the generalisability of inferred mechanisms. It remains unknown whether the difficulty arises from the absence of individuating biological patterns within the brain, or from limited power to access them with the models and compute at our disposal. Here we comprehensively investigate the resolvability of such patterns with data and compute at unprecedented scale. Across 23 810 unique participants from UK Biobank, we systematically evaluate the predictability of 25 individual biological characteristics, from all available combinations of structural and functional neuroimaging data. Over 4526 GPU*hours of computation, we train, optimize, and evaluate out-of-sample 700 individual predictive models, including fully-connected feed-forward neural networks of demographic, psychological, serological, chronic disease, and functional connectivity characteristics, and both uni- and multi-modal 3D convolutional neural network models of macro- and micro-structural brain imaging. We find a marked discrepancy between the high predictability of sex (balanced accuracy 99.7%), age (mean absolute error 2.048 years, R2 0.859), and weight (mean absolute error 2.609Kg, R2 0.625), for which we set new state-of-the-art performance, and the surprisingly low predictability of other characteristics. Neither structural nor functional imaging predicted an individual's psychology better than the coincidence of common chronic disease (p < 0.05). Serology predicted chronic disease (p < 0.05) and was best predicted by it (p < 0.001), followed by structural neuroimaging (p < 0.05). Our findings suggest either more informative imaging or more powerful models will be needed to decipher individual level characteristics from the human brain. We make our models and code openly available.
Radiopharmaceuticals for functional imaging are produced. The manufacturer of the radiopharmaceutical dispenses and packages in unit dosage. The unit dosage package is a standard amount, such as is used in over-the-counter drugs, rather than being patient specific, such as for a filled prescription. The containers with the unit dose are then delivered to the healthcare facility for use or further dispensing. This arrangement allows for pharmacists to be replaced by chemists at the manufacturer since the unit dose may be dispensed and packaged using GMP instead of pharmacy practice. This arrangement results in a different item being delivered to healthcare facilities for functional imaging.
PURPOSE: A medical test result data management system and management method thereof are provided to extract accurate character information by extracting the attribute of text information from a medical device. CONSTITUTION: A text information extractor(300) comprises next. A first matching determining unit(310) sets up a character information area which is extracted from image data. The first matching decider determines whether character information area of the image data is matched with a character information area. An ID information extractor(320) calls an attribute value which is set as ID from a set file. The ID information extractor extracts the ID corresponding to the attribute value to the image data.
The present invention relates to compositions and uses of novel high penetration compositions or high penetration prodrugs (HPP), in particular HPPs for 4-aminophenol derivatives, which are capable of crossing biological barriers with high penetration efficiency. The HPPs herein are capable of being converted to parent active drugs or drug metabolites after crossing the biological barrier and thus can render treatments for the conditions that the parent drugs or metabolites can. Additionally, due to the ability of penetrating biological barriers, the HPPs herein are capable of reaching areas that parent drugs may not be able to access or to render a sufficient concentration at the target areas and therefore render novel treatments. The HPPs herein can be administered to a subject through various administration routes. For example, the HPPs can be locally delivered to an action site of a condition with a high concentration due to their ability of penetrating biological barriers and thus obviate the need for a systematic administration. For another example, the HPPs herein can be systematically administer to a biological subject and enter the general circulation with a faster rate.
This study plans to enroll 148 patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, and maintain a low-fat diet and stably take the current anterior-lowering therapy for at least 4 weeks. Randomly enter different dose groups at 1:1. 2: 1 randomized to receive subcutaneous injection of IBI306150 mg (n=49) or placebo (n=25) every two weeks: or subcutaneous injection of IBI306 450mg (n=49) or placebo (n=25) every four weeks , The treatment lasted 12 weeks. During randomization, the LDL-C level (\<4.8mmol/L or ≥4.8mmol/L) observed during the screening period visit (VI), and whether ezetimibe was used for stratification. After 12 weeks, each group entered the 12-week open-period treatment, in which subjects in the IBI306 group continued to receive IBI306 treatment, and subjects in the placebo group stopped using placebo and received IBI306 treatment. The primary endpoint was the percentage change in LDL-C levels from baseline at 12 weeks. The secondary endpoints were the changes in blood lipid levels from baseline at 12 and 24 weeks, drug safety, and immunogenicity. The exploratory endpoint is the population pharmacokinetic characteristics of IBI306 in Chinese heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia population. If necessary, the dose of IBI306 will be adjusted according to the results of the ongoing multi-dose climbing study. After the open period, the subjects will undergo an 8-week safety visit.
Adverse reactions encountered in the administration of isoflurane are in general dose dependent extensions of pharmacophysiologic effects and include respiratory depression, hypotension and arrhythmias.

Shivering, nausea, vomiting and ileus have been observed in the postoperative period.

As with all other general anesthetics, transient elevations in white blood count have been observed even in the absence of surgical stress. See WARNINGS for information regarding malignant hyperthermia and elevated carboxyhemoglobin levels. During marketing, there have been rare reports of mild, moderate and severe (some fatal) post-operative hepatic dysfunction and hepatitis.

Isoflurane has also been associated with perioperative hyperkalemia (see WARNINGS).
The investigator's study is a 2x2 randomized cross over trial. All participants will be randomly allocated to one of the two groups (morning vs night or night first and then morning; Groups A and B, respectively) having to daily consume an isopesticide dietary pattern (4:2 portions of fruits:vegetables) within a specific, time-restricted window for a week and repeat the same procedure within a different time-restricted window for another week after an in between wash-out period of one week. Morning time-restriction window is set to be between 9am until 12pm and nighttime-restriction window is set between 7pm until 10pm, respectively. Participants will be called to start time-restriction based on group allocation.

In order for all participants to enter the study at a baseline level of pesticide load they will be asked to undergo a run-in day where no fruit and vegetable consumption is allowed prior the onset of the study. Within the first week of the study, Group A (n=25) will consume fruits and vegetables within time-restriction morning window (9am-12pm) and Group B (n=25) will consume fruits and vegetables within time-restriction night window (7pm-10pm). After washout week period where participants will be called to return to their usual dietary habits, two groups will swap to the opposite time-restriction window.

All participants should collect first morning urine samples on specific days during the first week (1st, 3rd, 5th, 8th day) and during the third week (1st, 3rd, 5th, 8th day). Day indicated as "8th", represents the first day of the following week (first day of the wash-out week and first day of the fourth week which is the last day of the study). The participants are asked to consume 4 portions of fruit and 2 portions of vegetables per day during the two trial periods. The fruits selected for the study that will take place during winter season of 2020 are: a pear (\~180g), a red apple (\~170g), a banana (\~110g) and an orange (\~400g). The vegetables selected include a tomato (\~200g), two cucumbers (\~240g) and lettuce (1 cup,4 chopped). All fruits and vegetables will be freshly and seasonally produced in Cyprus. Overall, dietary daily consumption of foods and fluids will be monitored with the use of a dietary diary throughout the study. Participants will also be asked to take a photograph of the ready to be consumed fruit and vegetable on actual time of consumption and share photos with research team in order to verify at a minimum whether the pre-set time-restriction criteria have been met.
PURPOSE:To provide a medicinal drug containing human apo-A-I phospholipid complex as an active component, having cholesterol-removing activity, etc., and useful as an antiarteriosclerotic agent. CONSTITUTION:The objective agent contains human apo-A-I phospholipid complex. The phospholipid is preferably palmitoylphosphatidylcholine and/or sphingomyelin. the usefulness of the above complex as an antiarteriosclerotic agent has been ascertained from the activity to remove cholesterol from cultured smooth muscule clel of blood vessel, the quantitative and temporal distribution of the complex to the HDL fraction of serum after administration, and the effect to improve arteriosclerosis. The complex can be prepared from human apo-A-I and a phospholipid by conventional lyposome-preparation process (e.g. cholic acid dialysis, ultrasonic process, ethanol injection process, Triton X-100 batch process, etc.). It is administered at a dose of 1.5-3.5g in terms of apo-A-I twice a week continuously for >=1 month by intravenous injection.
Patients receive cytarabine IV continuously over 168 hours on days 1-7, dasatinib PO QD on days 1-7, and idarubicin hydrochloride IV on days 1-3. Patients with non-responsive disease on day 30 may receive a second course of therapy (re-induction therapy) within 1 week in the absence of unacceptable toxicity.
The recommended dose of ribavirin capsules in patients 18 years of age and older depends on the patient’s body weight. The recommended doses of ribavirin capsules and INTRON A for adults are given in TABLE 6.

The recommended duration of treatment for patients previously untreated with interferon is 24 to 48 weeks. The duration of treatment should be individualized to the patient depending on baseline disease characteristics, response to therapy, and tolerability of the regimen (see Description of Clinical Studies and ADVERSE REACTIONS). After 24 weeks of treatment virologic response should be assessed. Treatment discontinuation should be considered in any patient who has not achieved an HCV-RNA below the limit of detection of the assay by 24 weeks. There are no safety and efficacy data on treatment for longer than 48 weeks in the previously untreated patient population.

In patients who relapse following interferon therapy, the recommended duration of treatment is 24 weeks. There are no safety and efficacy data on treatment for longer than 24 weeks in the relapse patient population.

Under no circumstances should ribavirin capsules be opened, crushed or broken (see CONTRAINDICATIONS and WARNINGS).