anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Stroke is a complex physiological process associated with intestinal flora dysbiosis and metabolic disorders. Dan-deng-tong-nao capsule (DDTN) is a traditional Chinese medicine used clinically to treat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) for many years. However, little is known about the effects of DDTN in the treatment of CIRI from the perspective of gut microbiota and metabolites.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the regulatory roles of DDTN in endogenous metabolism and gut microbiota in CIRI rats, thus providing a basis for clinical rational drug use and discovering natural products with potential physiological activities in DDTN for the treatment of CIRI.
METHODS: The chemical composition of DDTN in vitro and in vivo was investigated using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLCHRMS), followed by target prediction using reverse molecular docking. Secondly, a biological evaluation of DDTN ameliorating neural damage in CIRI was performed at the whole animal level. Then, an integrated omics approach based on UHPLCHRMS and 16S rRNA sequencing was proposed to reveal the anti-CIRI effect and possible mechanism of DDTN. Finally, exploring the intrinsic link between changes in metabolite profiles, changes in the intestinal flora, and targets of components to reveal DDTN for the treatment of CIRI.
RESULTS: A total of 112 chemical components of DDTN were identified in vitro and 10 absorbed constituents in vivo. The efficacy of DDTN in the treatment of CIRI was confirmed by alleviating cerebral infarction and neurological deficits. After the DDTN intervention, 21 and 26 metabolites were significantly altered in plasma and fecal, respectively. Based on the fecal microbiome, a total of 36 genera were enriched among the different groups. Finally, the results of the network integration analysis showed that the 10 potential active ingredients of DDTN could mediate the differential expression of 24 metabolites and 6 gut microbes by targeting 25 target proteins.
CONCLUSION: This study was the first to outline the landscapes of metabolites as well as gut microbiota regulated by DDTN in CIRI rats using multi-omics data, and comprehensively revealed the systematic relationships among ingredients, targets, metabolites, and gut microbiota, thus providing new perspectives on the mechanism of DDTN in the treatment of CIRI.
Participants will receive a single dose of midazolam (2 mg of midazolam syrup) and dextromethorphan (30 mg tablet) on Cycle 1 Day 1, in the absence of cobimetinib. After a 2-day washout period, participants will receive 21 consecutive daily doses of cobimetinib (60-mg) followed by a 7-day washout period. Participants will receive another single dose of midazolam and dextromethorphan on Cycle 1 Day 15, in the presence of steady-state cobimetinib concentrations. In Cycle 2 and beyond participants will receive cobimetinib alone, administered as a 60-mg daily dose for 21 consecutive days in 28-day cycles (21/7 schedule).
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

GOPRELTO has been evaluated in four Phase 1 studies and one Phase 3 study, which included 647 adult subjects who received a single topical intranasal 160 mg dose (four pledgets), of GOPRELTO. The randomized, double-blind, controlled Phase 3 study was conducted in adult patients undergoing diagnostic procedures and surgeries on or through the mucous membranes of the nasal cavities, of which 278 received GOPRELTO (4% solution), 275 received cocaine hydrochloride solution 8%, and 95 received placebo. Safety was evaluated for up to 7 days after dosing.

The most commonly reported adverse reactions (>1 patient) to occur in the Phase 3 study with GOPRELTO (4% solution) were headache and epistaxis. Two adverse reactions of headache were severe (Table 1). 

No premature discontinuations due to an adverse event, serious adverse events, or deaths were reported in the Phase 3 clinical study.
The objective of this study is to compare an innovative mobile health (mHealth) platform to support participants being treated for opioid use disorder (OUD) with buprenorphine to treatment-as-usual (TAU). The application will provide video-based directly observed therapy (VDOT) which may result in better health outcomes for participants and less public health risk for diversion. This study is a randomized controlled trial with two arms: TAU and mHealth intervention. Randomization to the two study arms will be completed using computer randomization procedures. Participants in the intervention group will learn how to use the mHealth application on their personal smartphones or tablets. If a participant does not have access to a personal device or prefers to not use a personal device then a study-provided smartphone will be offered for the duration of the study. Intervention participants are asked to record one daily video of themselves taking buprenorphine. Buprenorphine clinical staff (i.e., physicians, nurses and medical assistants) of patients enrolled in the intervention group will be trained and have the opportunity to review the videos. Adherence for the intervention group will be measured through participation in VDOT, namely the percentage of daily medication doses that are observed through submitted videos. The TAU group will not be given access to the intervention and therefore will not have the opportunity to be exposed to the intervention.

All participants will follow the same visit schedule. Interviews will occur at baseline (Week 0) and the final visit (Week 12) to assess current and prior substance use, treatment history, medication adherence, drug diversion, general physical and mental health and treatment satisfaction. A point of care urine drug test will also be administered which will assess for opiates and other substances. In between the baseline and final visits, participants will meet with research staff weekly to conduct a urine drug test and assess self-reported adherence to buprenorphine. Research staff will review the electronic medical record at baseline and week 12 to assess engagement in treatment. Additionally, at 24 weeks post-enrollment the research staff will complete a review of the electronic medical record and record engagement in clinic treatment, changes in buprenorphine treatment during the study period and the results of any clinical urine drug testing.
In this single-dose study conducted at at single center, 3 oral formulations of levofloxacin (tablet, suspension, and solution) were assessed for their bioequivalence in healthy men and women aged 18 to 55 years old. Subjects were assigned different treatments based on chance; both the researcher and the study participant knew the treatment being administered. The study consisted of a screening period, 3 open-label treatment periods separated by washout periods of at least 4 days between doses, and a post-treatment period. Subjects received a single dose of all 3 study formulations, administered as a single dose of each formulation on Day 1 of each treatment period. Blood samples were collected on Days 1, 2, and 3 of each treatment period immediately before dosing and at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 10, 14, 24, 30, 36, and 48 hours after dosing for measurement of levofloxacin concentration. Subjects were admitted to the study site prior to dosing and remained through the 48-hour measurements on Day 3. The post-treatment period included physical examination and clinical laboratory testing to ensure subject safety before being discharged from the study. Safety evaluations, including adverse event monitoring, standard clinical laboratory evaluations (hematology, serum chemistry, and urinalysis), vital sign monitoring, and physical examinations, were monitored throughout the study.

Two cohorts of 36 subjects each were enrolled in the study. The first cohort received a single dose of study drug and completed Period 1; the study was then stopped and reinitiated. Subjects from the first cohort completed early termination procedures; their data were included in safety analyses, however, no blood samples for levofloxacin concentrations were analyzed or included in pharmacokinetic analysis. Thirty-four subjects in the second cohort completed all study procedures. Levofloxacin oral suspension (125 mg/5 mL), levofloxacin oral solution (125 mg/5 mL), and levofloxacin tablet (500 mg) administered on Day 1 of each treatment period.
FIELD: medicine, homeopathy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to development of homeopathic drug that can be used for treatment of patients with parasitic cholecystitis. Composition consists of Chenopodium anthelminticum, Schoenocanlon officinale A. Gray, Granatum, Juglans regia taken at equal ratios at the following dilution: Chenopodium anthelminticum D3, Schoenocanlon officinale A. Gray C6, Granatum C6, Juglans regia C12. Composition is the homeopathic drug as sugar granules. Treatment of patients with proposed drug results to the absence of parasites in duodenum content in 87% of patients. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of homeopathic drug. 2 cl, 1 ex
PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of two non-disease-specific patient-reported outcome (PRO) instruments, the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (VFQ-25) and the Low Luminance Questionnaire (LLQ), in patients with retinaldehyde-binding protein 1 retinal dystrophy (RLBP1 RD).
METHODS: PROs were assessed using the VFQ-25 and LLQ. Rasch analysis was conducted to estimate person and item measures of the VFQ-25 and LLQ questionnaires to determine the association between the two PROs. In addition, the association between these two instruments and their correlations to weighted measures of visual function and disease progression were analyzed in this three-year PRO-focused sub-study of a five-year prospective natural history study.
RESULTS: Forty-two patients participated, with most of them having completed at least two PRO follow-up visits at least one year apart. The mean VFQ-25 scores were lowest for distance activities (39.2-49.0) and peripheral vision (37.5-52.4), with mean LLQ subscale scores generally low (<41), except for the emotional distress subscale. Using Rasch analysis, calibrated item and person measures along with their standard errors were estimated for both ePROs. This indicated that the distribution of the VFQ-25 and LLQ item measures well covered the distribution of person function in this group. This suggests that the item difficulties well cover the person-level performance in this population. As well, the two PROs showed a strong and significant correlation at all assessed time points as assessed with Pearson correlation coefficient (0.81, 0.91, 0.81 and 0.87 at baseline, 1/1.5, 2/2.5 (P < 0.001) and 3/3.5 years (P = 0.002)). The composite scores of both PRO questionnaires strongly correlated with clinical measures of visual function. At 2 to 2.5 years of follow-up, meaningful statistically significant declines in peripheral vision (both VFQ-25 and LLQ), distance vision (VFQ-25), and extreme lighting in dark and bright light (LLQ) subscales were noted.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated a strong association between VFQ-25 and LLQ scores and their association with clinical measures of visual function.
TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE: PRO instruments can provide insights into the specific disabilities of this unique patient population and help to guide appropriate outcome measures for future clinical trials.
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are common among adolescents. According to the Health Belief Model, cues to action influence preventive behaviors. Cues to action can include health experiences such as being diagnosed with an STI. The impact of a history of STIs on subsequent condom use among adolescents remains largely unexamined, despite high rates of recurrence and their health impacts. This project aimed to systematically review the literature on the association between curable STIs and subsequent condom use among adolescents. The systematic review, reported following PRISMA guidelines, was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute method. Eligible studies, in the form of cohort studies, case-control studies, or cross-sectional studies, targeted adolescents aged 10 to 24, with or without a history of curable STIs; the outcome was subsequent condom use. MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Elsevier), and Web of Science were searched from January 2012 to December 2022 with the assistance of an information specialist. Two reviewers independently selected articles and extracted data. Risk of bias analysis was performed using ROBINS-E. The review explores results, with tables, based on population characteristics, exposure, and outcome, and addresses the influence of gender, ethnicity, and age. Of 3088 articles identified, seven studies were retained. Almost all the studies focused on African-American, Nigerian, or Rwandan adolescents, and several included only girls. Among girls, a history of STI increased subsequent condom use in combination with other contraceptive methods (n = 4). Among boys and older adolescents of both genders, a history of STI was associated with a decrease in condom use (n = 3). No study distinguished between different STIs. While all the studies (n = 7) presented a high risk of bias, six did not present a threat to conclusion validity. All the studies indicated that a history of STI could influence subsequent protective behaviors, possibly by acting as a cue to action, as posited by the Health Belief Model. This information enhances our understanding of factors leading to the adoption of preventive health measures among adolescents and could apply to other infectious experiences.Registration The protocol is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023397443).
The invention provides a monoclonal antibody that recognises a structurally continuous and extracellularly-located epitope of human glycoprotein P (Pgp) which consists of a specific continuous epitope-forming amino acid sequence which is preferably located on the fourth extracellular loop of human Pgp and especially contained within the peptide of SEQUENCE ID NO. 1. Preferred antibodies according to the invention bind human Pgp specifically and with high avidity and thus may be used to identify human MDR cells when present as only a very low proportion of a cell population or when expressing human Pgp at only very low levels. The monoclonal antibody may be a whole antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof and may be prepared by hybridoma or recombinant DNA techniques. The monoclonal antibody is useful for the identification or purification of cells which express human Pgp, e.g. when contained in heterogeneous cell populations, and for monitoring the multi-drug resistant status of cells, e.g. tumour cells.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition used for treating viral myocarditis. The medicine composition is characterized in that the medicine composition is prepared from components of, by weight: 10-20g of creeping liriope, 8-12g of Chinese magnoliavine fruit, 12-18g of stir-fried immature orange fruit, 10-15g of coastal glehnia root, 20-30g of tuckahoe, 10-15g of Szechwan lovage rhizome, 8-12g of red peony root, 10-25g of semen ziziphi spinosae, 10-20g of trogopterus dung, 10-25g of panax notoginseng, 10-18g of cattail pollen, 6-10g of saffron, 6-10g of leech, 6-10g of bile arisaema, 1-2g of cinnabar, 10-15g of incised notopterygium rhizome and root, 10-15g of lobed kudzuvine root, 8-12g of Asiatic pennywort herb, and 8-12g of prepared rehmannia rhizome. The materials of the medicine composition are easy to obtain. The medicine composition is characterized in convenient preparation, low cost, and relatively high recovery rate. The medicine composition is advantaged in reasonable combination, substantial curative effect, and fast effect. Clinical experiments prove that, an effective rate is high. The viral-myocarditis-treating traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the invention is safe to apply, and is non-toxic. As a result of acute toxicity tests, the medicine composition causes no toxic or side effect. The medicine composition is suitable for patients of different body constitutions, and can be taken for a long time.
Disclosed herein are pharmaceutical compositions and therapeutic dosage regimens comprising or utilizing adherent stromal cells. The adherent stromal cells may be derived e.g. from placental tissue, from adipose tissue, or from bone marrow. The pharmaceutical compositions may be indicated for treating various disorders, e.g. ischemic disorders, hematopoietic disorders, and neurodegenerative disorders, inflammatory disorders, and neoplasms. The pharmaceutical compositions may further include pharmacologically acceptable excipients.
The invention is a drug delivering material taking Vitamin C as hydrophilic fragments and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the biomaterial field. At present, a lot of drugs for curing brain diseases become invalid due to having no capability of breaking through blood brain barrier. The amphiphilic drug delivering material and the chemical structure thereof provided in the invention are shown as chemical formula I. In the invention, a lactide ring-opening polymerization product is taken as macromolecule chain shift reagent to perform reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization with Vitamin C acrylic monomer protected by benzyl, and the polymer of RAFT is subjected to hydrogenation to remove the protection of benzyl to obtain the amphiphilic drug delivering material I taking poly-Vitamin C acrylicester as hydrophilic fragments and polylactic acid as iyophobic fragments. The amphiphilic drug delivering material provided by the invention forms nanoparticles in water phase by self assembly to serve as carriers for delivering drugs, has the characteristics of good biocompatibility and biodegradability and small toxic and side effects. 10<=n<=100, 10<=m<=200 (both n and m are integers.
The cholinergic system has been shown to be the primary neurotransmitter system responsible for cognitive symptoms in dementia. While therapeutic benefits are clear in dementia, what remains uncertain is the role that the cholinergic system in general and the nicotinic system specifically plays in cognition in healthy non-demented older adults (referred to as normal cognitive aging in this application). This is critical because the expansion of the healthy aging population will nonetheless show declines in cognition that fall short of dementia but still impact functional abilities and independence. Understanding the effects of age-related functional changes on the nicotinic system will elucidate one neurochemical mechanism underlying age-related changes in cognition and will provide information about how nicotinic dysfunction affects cognition in healthy older adults. Prior research has shown that the nicotinic system has a roll in attention and memory in healthy adults. More recently, with the increased use of brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in combination with psychopharmacological manipulations, data patterns have emerged that further define the role of the nicotinic system in cognition, aging, and dementia.

The investigators propose that nicotinic system changes are responsible for age differences in working memory task performance and brain activation. The investigators can observe the functioning of the nicotinic system by examining brain activation patterns in response to nicotinic blockade and stimulation. Increased dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) activation has been shown for older adults compared to younger adults and is hypothesized to be a compensation response for the aging process. The investigators propose that temporary antagonism of the nicotinic system will also produce increased DLPFC activation. However, the relationship between this increased activation and performance will be in different directions for older and younger adults. In older adults, the increased activation will be positively correlated with performance because it is a compensatory response. In younger adults, the increased activation will be negatively correlated with performance because it is a non-adaptive response to the temporary nicotinic antagonism. Nicotinic stimulation in older adults will reveal decreased DLPFC activation that will be negatively correlated with performance and this represents the "younger" pattern of the performance and activation relationship. The younger adults will have a similar pattern of activation and performance as the older adults after nicotinic stimulation because they are already performing optimally and will not receive any further enhancement. These data will further the understanding of a neurochemical mechanism involved in normal aging and how brain activation patterns relate to receptor function.
The invention discloses an injection for treating urinary system and intestinal canal infections of the livestock and a preparation method thereof. The injection is prepared through active constituents extracted from populus pseudo-simonii bark, birch bark and scutellaria baicalensis. The preparation method includes boiling the three materials into an immersion-boiled solution by adding water and raising the temperature and concentrating the immersion-boiled solution; adding ethanol to dissolve the concentrated solution, and subjecting a filtrate to ethanol recovery till no ethanol exists; and adding injection water into a concentrate, heating and boiling the concentrate to obtain a supernate for precipitation, refeeding the injection water into liquid medicine and adding tween-80, evenly stirring the mixture, and subjecting the mixture to refined filtration to obtain the injection. According to the injection for treating urinary system and intestinal canal infections of the livestock and the preparation method thereof, the injection can be used for treating urinary tract infection, acute pyelonephritis, bacillary enteritis and the like of the livestock. Clinical effects are apparent, drug resistance is difficult for pathogenic bacteria to produce, and drug residues and public nuisances are effectively prevented. The raw material cost is low, the preparation process is simple, the use effect is good, and the use cost is low.
Infants will receive a loading dose of 20 mg/kg/dose every 8 hours for sepsis and 40 mg/kg/dose every 8 hours in meningitis and pseudomonas infection. Each dose will be infused over four hours.