anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A machine for mfg. a batch of sugar or sugar coated granules, pills, dragees etc.. The machine is of the type in which the prod. is tumbled in a rotary pan or drum into which is sprayed at liq., partic. sugar syrup, to enrobe the prod.. The machine is equipped with a magnetron type microwave generator which directs electromagnetic waves into the prod. in the course of formation. Pref. the microwave generator operates at a frequency of about 2.450 mHz. and this type of radiation heat right through to the heart of the prod.. Air is circulated through the pan or drum to eliminate vapour released by the heat. The prod. is pref. a homeopathic pharmaceutical pill, granule, dragee etc. with an internal structure of radially orientated microchannels.
Heatstroke is a condition caused by overheating of the body that leads to severe central nervous system dysfunction. Although there have been numerous studies on the pathological process of heatstroke, effective treatment methods are lacking. Astragaloside IV can protect the brain from inflammation and brain damage in various inflammation-related diseases, but it has not yet been used clinically for the treatment of heatstroke. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the neuroprotective effect of Astragaloside IV on heatstroke-induced central nervous system damage and its mechanism. Brain injury model under heatstroke was established using artificial climate simulation cabin. By scoring neurological deficits, performing histological and immunofluorescence staining of microglia, and detecting cytokine levels, we determined that Astragaloside IV alleviated brain injury and neuroinflammation. To further explore the potential molecular mechanism, RNA sequencing was performed to investigate the differences in the brain. The results revealed that the PI3K/AKT pathway is involved. In vitro experiments further confirmed that Astragaloside IV can abrogate the phenotypic changes in microglia induced by heatstroke. Moreover, Astragaloside IV promotes the polarization of M2 microglia by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. In summary, these results indicate that Astragaloside IV alleviates neuroinflammation and brain injury induced by heatstroke through the PI3K/AKT pathway. Astragaloside IV is a commonly used therapeutic agent in the clinic, but its use in the treatment of heatstroke-induced brain injury has not been explored. This study reveals that Astragaloside IV may be a new therapeutic agent for the treatment of heatstroke-induced brain injury.
The safety and effectiveness of ALIMTA in pediatric patients have not been established. The safety and pharmacokinetics of ALIMTA were evaluated in two clinical studies conducted in pediatric patients with recurrent solid tumors (NCT00070473 N=32 and NCT00520936 N=72). Patients in both studies received concomitant vitamin B12 and folic acid supplementation and dexamethasone. 

No tumor responses were observed. Adverse reactions observed in pediatric patients were similar to those observed in adults. 

Single-dose pharmacokinetics of ALIMTA were evaluated in 22 patients age 4 to 18 years enrolled in NCT00070473 were within range of values in adults.
INTRODUCTION: Acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring treatment with renal replacement therapy (RRT) is a common complication after admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, the prevalence of RRT use and the associated outcomes in critically patients across the globe are not well described. Therefore, we describe the epidemiology and outcomes of patients receiving RRT for AKI in ICUs across several large health system jurisdictions.
METHODS: Retrospective cohort analysis using nationally representative and comparable databases from seven health jurisdictions in Australia, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, New Zealand, Scotland, and the USA between 2006 and 2023, depending on data availability of each dataset. Patients with a history of end-stage kidney disease receiving chronic RRT and patients with a history of renal transplant were excluded.
RESULTS: A total of 4,104,480 patients in the ICU cohort and 3,520,516 patients in the mechanical ventilation cohort were included. Overall, 156,403 (3.8%) patients in the ICU cohort and 240,824 (6.8%) patients in the mechanical ventilation cohort were treated with RRT for AKI. In the ICU cohort, the proportion of patients treated with RRT was lowest in Australia and Brazil (3.3%) and highest in Scotland (9.2%). The in-hospital mortality for critically ill patients treated with RRT was almost fourfold higher (57.1%) than those not receiving RRT (16.8%). The mortality of patients treated with RRT varied across the health jurisdictions from 37 to 65%.
CONCLUSION: The outcomes of patients who receive RRT in ICUs throughout the world vary widely. Our research suggests that differences in access to and provision of this therapy are contributing factors.
Women who contact the OTIS registry study staff and who do not meet the criteria for the prospective study, for example, at time of contacting the study, having known prenatal diagnosis of congenital defect, or gestation weeks greater than 20 following a first trimester teriflunomide exposure, etc.; these participants will not be included in the primary analysis for the cohort study.
The invention provides a medicine composition for treating ankylosing spondylitis, wherein the medicine composition consists of, by weight: 12-16 parts of raw astragalus membranaceus, 14-16 parts of radix rehmanniae, 8-12 parts of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 8-12 parts of angelica sinensis, 14-16 parts of caulis sinomenii, 14-16 parts of chinese starjasmine stems, 14-16 parts of solanum nigrum, 14-16 parts of oldenlandia diffusa and 14-16 parts of rhodiola rosea. The medicine composition for treating the ankylosing spondylitis has the effects of boosting qi and nourishing blood, removing toxin and freeing collaterals, strengthening foundation and reinforcing vitality, and eliminating evil and driving away pathological factors. The main drugs, caulis sinomenii and chinese starjasmine stems, have the functions of expelling rheumatism and freeing meridian and collaterals. In the invention, the rattan drugs are used for treating arthralgia syndrome since rattan can enter collaterals and the collaterals can free pulse, so that rattan collaterals can free and active meridian and collaterals and guide the drugs to disease position. The solanum nigrum and the oldenlandia diffusa have the effects of clearing heat, draining dampness and removing toxin. The raw astragalus membranaceus has the effects of boosting qi and tonifying the middle. The rhodiola rosea has the effects of fortifying spleen and boosting qi, and activating blood to resolve stasis. The angelica sinensis has the effects of nourishing and activating blood and strengthen the right and expel the evil. The radix rehmanniae and the rhizoma anemarrhenae have the effects of cooling blood and nourishing yin, can prevent damage on body fluid due to excessive dryness of the medicine, have mainly effects of freeing joints, removing toxin and dispelling stasis with consideration of middle burner regulation, thereby eliminating evil excess without damage on vital qi.
The placebo is a soybean/corn blend. Both the Omega-3FA and placebo are colored with carob (so shell is brown) and flavored with natural lemon-lime, to mask them.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine for treating stomach diseases, which is a medicine prepared from Chinese herbal medicines as raw materials. Each product of the traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following components by weight: 15g of membrane of chicken gizzard, 15g of cuttlebone, 15g of litsea pungens, 15g of rhizoma corydalis, 20g of costustoot, 15g of henbane, 10g of fructus aurantii, 15g of tofieldieae and 10g of edible tulip. A preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following steps of: preparing respective traditional Chinese medicines in the formula; drying, crushing, mixing and uniformly stirring all of the medicines; preparing the medicines into pills based on a regular process; and packaging the pills for delivery after the inspection is qualified to obtain the product. Results of the clinical use of the traditional Chinese medicine for treating the stomach diseases prove that: the traditional Chinese medicine has an obvious therapeutic effect, and has been put into clinical application. The traditional Chinese medicine achieves good effects after being administrated by more than 20 patients with the stomach diseases, and no bad reaction is found. The traditional Chinese medicine is suitable for treating patients with acute gastritis, chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, composite ulcer of stomach and duodenum, gastric polyp, gastric calculus, gastric benign and malignant tumor, prolapse of gastric mucosa, acute gastric dilatation, pyloric obstruction and the like.
Group will be implanted with DBS system but device is not activated for the first 12 months. After 12 months, this group can receive stimulation.
Melanoma-associated leptomeningeal disease (M-LMD) occurs when circulating tumor cells (CTCs) enter into the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and colonize the meninges, the membrane layers that protect the brain and the spinal cord. Once established, the prognosis for M-LMD patients is dismal, with overall survival ranging from weeks to months. This is primarily due to a paucity in our understanding of the disease and, as a consequence, the availability of effective treatment options. Defining the underlying biology of M-LMD will significantly improve the ability to adapt available therapies for M-LMD treatment or design novel inhibitors for this universally fatal disease. A major barrier, however, lies in obtaining sufficient quantities of CTCs from the patient-derived CSF (CSF-CTCs) to conduct preclinical experiments, such as molecular characterization, functional analysis, and in vivo efficacy studies. Culturing CSF-CTCs ex vivo has also proven to be challenging. To address this, a novel protocol for the culture of patient-derived M-LMD CSF-CTCs ex vivo and in vivo is developed. The incorporation of conditioned media produced by human meningeal cells (HMCs) is found to be critical to the procedure. Cytokine array analysis reveals that factors produced by HMCs, such as insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), are important in supporting CSF-CTC survival ex vivo. Here, the usefulness of the isolated patient-derived CSF-CTC lines is demonstrated in determining the efficacy of inhibitors that target the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. In addition, the ability to intrathecally inoculate these cells in vivo to establish murine models of M-LMD that can be employed for preclinical testing of approved or novel therapies is shown. These tools can help unravel the underlying biology driving CSF-CTC establishment in the meninges and identify novel therapies to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with M-LMD.
In clinical trials, 54% of VANCOCIN-treated subjects were >65 years of age. Of these, 40% were between the ages of >65 and 75, and 60% were >75 years of age. 

Clinical studies with VANCOCIN in diarrhea associated with Clostridioides difficile have demonstrated that geriatric subjects are at increased risk of developing nephrotoxicity following treatment with oral VANCOCIN, which may occur during or after completion of therapy. In patients >65 years of age, including those with normal renal function prior to treatment, renal function should be monitored during and following treatment with VANCOCIN to detect potential vancomycin induced nephrotoxicity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3), Adverse Reactions (6.1), and Clinical Studies (14.1)]. 

Patients >65 years of age may take longer to respond to therapy compared to patients ≤65 years of age [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. Clinicians should be aware of the importance of appropriate duration of VANCOCIN treatment in patients >65 years of age and not discontinue or switch to alternative treatment prematurely.
A multicenter, open-label, randomized trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Docetaxel Injection for the treatment of patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma, including adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction, who had not received prior chemotherapy for advanced disease. A total of 445 patients with KPS >70 were treated with either Docetaxel Injection (T) (75 mg/m2 on day 1) in combination with cisplatin (C) (75 mg/m2 on day 1) and fluorouracil (F) (750 mg/m2 per day for 5 days) or cisplatin (100 mg/m2 on day 1) and fluorouracil (1000 mg/m2 per day for 5 days). The length of a treatment cycle was 3 weeks for the TCF arm and 4 weeks for the CF arm. The demographic characteristics were balanced between the two treatment arms. The median age was 55 years, 71% were male, 71% were Caucasian, 24% were 65 years of age or older, 19% had a prior curative surgery and 12% had palliative surgery. The median number of cycles administered per patient was 6 (with a range of 1–16) for the TCF arm compared to 4 (with a range of 1–12) for the CF arm. Time to progression (TTP) was the primary endpoint and was defined as time from randomization to disease progression or death from any cause within 12 weeks of the last evaluable tumor assessment or within 12 weeks of the first infusion of study drugs for patients with no evaluable tumor assessment after randomization. The hazard ratio (HR) for TTP was 1.47 (CF/TCF, 95% CI: 1.19–1.83) with a significantly longer TTP (p=0.0004) in the TCF arm. Approximately 75% of patients had died at the time of this analysis. Overall survival was significantly longer (p=0.0201) in the TCF arm with a HR of 1.29 (95% CI: 1.04–1.61). Efficacy results are summarized in Table 19 and Figures 6 and 7.

Subgroup analyses were consistent with the overall results across age, gender and race.
Cardiovascular disease is a great challenge for both doctors and patients, and the morbidity of various diseases caused by hypercholesterolemia remains high. This invention provides a method for the risk assessment of atorvastatin-induced adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and medication guidance based on the next-generation targeted sequencing technology. First, we filtered 16 SNPs related to ADRs of atorvastatin obtained from PubMed, PharmGKB, DrugBank databases to design a panel. Then, BWA, Picard-tools, GATK and Python were introduced to analyze the raw data and generate the variant file specific to the patient. Finally, we compile a Python script to extract the SNP included in the designed panel and make annotations. The program we developed could be applied to further acquisition of individualized genetic information related to the atorvastatin-induced ADR and help achieve more precise atorvastatin medication with a minimal risk of physical damage. ItRI Figure 2 FigeedSeue3 Dt 2rcssn
The present invention relates to vaccine formulation capable of eliciting protective immune response against Chikun-gunya virus infection in humans and other mammalian hosts. The immunogenic formulation comprises purified inactivated Chikun-gunya virus in a stable formulation. Methods of propagation and purification of the virus are discussed. The inactivated virus formulation is non-infectious, immunogenic and elicits protective immune response in mammalian host. The immunogenic composition is formulated for in vivo administration to humans. The invention also discusses the strategy of developing a subunit vaccine using the recombinant viral proteins as antigens for immunization. The recombinant virus antigens that are potentially immunogenic can be used in diagnosing for the presence of the virus.
BACKGROUND: This study was performed to test the hypothesis that systemic leukocyte gene expression has prognostic value differentiating low from high seizure frequency refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).
METHODS: A consecutive series of patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy was studied. Based on a median baseline seizure frequency of 2.0 seizures per month, low versus high seizure frequency was defined as ≤ 2 seizures/month and > 2 seizures/month, respectively. Systemic leukocyte gene expression was analyzed for prognostic value for TLE seizure frequency. All differentially expressed genes were analyzed, with Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis (IPA®) and Reactome, to identify leukocyte gene expression and biological pathways with prognostic value for seizure frequency.
RESULTS: There were ten males and six females with a mean age of 39.4 years (range: 16 to 62 years, standard error of mean: 3.6 years). There were five patients in the high and eleven patients in the low seizure frequency cohorts, respectively. Based on a threshold of twofold change (p < 0.001, FC > 2.0, FDR < 0.05) and expression within at least two pathways from both Reactome and Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis (IPA®), 13 differentially expressed leukocyte genes were identified which were all over-expressed in the low when compared to the high seizure frequency groups, including NCF2, HMOX1, RHOB, FCGR2A, PRKCD, RAC2, TLR1, CHP1, TNFRSF1A, IFNGR1, LYN, MYD88, and CASP1. Similar analysis identified four differentially expressed genes which were all over-expressed in the high when compared to the low seizure frequency groups, including AK1, F2R, GNB5, and TYMS.
CONCLUSIONS: Low and high seizure frequency TLE are predicted by the respective upregulation and downregulation of specific leukocyte genes involved in canonical pathways of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) inhibition, and AMPA and NMDA receptor signaling. Furthermore, high seizure frequency-TLE is distinguished prognostically from low seizure frequency-TLE by differentially increased specific leukocyte gene expression involved in GABA inhibition and NMDA receptor signaling. High and low seizure frequency patients appear to represent two mechanistically different forms of temporal lobe epilepsy based on leukocyte gene expression.
PURPOSE: Intermittent hypoxia (IH) is a hallmark of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which is related to tumorigenesis and progression. Although micro-ribonucleic acid-210-3p (miR-210-3p) is correlated with hypoxia-induced tumor development, its role in the relationship between IH and tumor function remains poorly understood. The present work focused on elucidating the molecular mechanism through which miR-210-3p drives tumor progression under IH.
METHODS: MiR-210-3p levels were quantified within tumor samples from patients with lung adenocarcinoma who had or did not have OSA. Correlations between miR-210-3p and polysomnographic variables were analyzed. For in vitro experiments, miR-210-3p was inhibited or overexpressed via transfection under IH conditions. Cell viability, growth, invasion and migration assays were carried out. For in vivo modeling of IH using mouse xenografts, a miR-210-3p antagomir was intratumorally injected, tumor biological behaviors were evaluated, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), immunohistochemistry and western blot were carried out for detecting miR-210-3p and E2F transcription factor 3 (E2F3) expression.
RESULTS: For patients with lung adenocarcinoma and OSA, high miR-210-3p levels showed positive relation to polysomnographic variables, such as oxygen desaturation index, apnea-hypopnea index, and proportion of total sleep time with oxygen saturation in arterial blood < 90%. IH enhanced tumor viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion, downregulated E2F3 expression, and increased miR-210-3-p levels. miR-210-3p overexpression induced similar changes. These changes were reversed by miR-210-3p inhibition in vitro or miR-210-3p antagomir through intratumoral injection in vivo.
CONCLUSIONS: IH-induced tumor development is driven through miR-210-3p by E2F3 suppression. MiR-210-3p represents a potential therapeutic target among patients with concomitant cancer and OSA.
Patients receive docetaxel IV over 1 hour and 17-AAG IV over 1-2 hours on day 1. Courses repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Lexical tone presents challenges to cochlear implant (CI) users especially in noise conditions. Bimodal hearing utilizes residual acoustic hearing in the contralateral side and may offer benefits for tone recognition in noise. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate tone recognition in both steady-state noise and multi-talker babbles by the prelingually-deafened, Mandarin-speaking children with unilateral CIs or bimodal hearing.
METHODS: Fifty-three prelingually-deafened, Mandarin-speaking children who received CIs participated in this study. Twenty-two of them were unilateral CI users and 31 wore a hearing aid (HA) in the contralateral ear (i.e., bimodal hearing). All subjects were tested for Mandarin tone recognition in quiet and in two types of maskers: speech-spectrum-shaped noise (SSN) and two-talker babbles (TTB) at four signal-to-noise ratios (-6, 0, +6, and +12 dB).
RESULTS: While no differences existed in tone recognition in quiet between the two groups, the Bimodal group outperformed the Unilateral CI group under noise conditions. The differences between the two groups were significant at SNRs of 0, +6, and +12 dB in the SSN conditions (all p < 0.05), and at SNRs of +6 and +12 dB of TTB conditions (both p < 0.01), but not significant at other conditions (p > 0.05). The TTB exerted a greater masking effect than the SSN for tone recognition in the Unilateral CI group as well as in the Bimodal group at all SNRs tested (all p < 0.05). Among demographic or audiometric variables, only age at implantation showed a weak but significant correlation with the mean tone recognition performance under the SSN conditions (r = -0.276, p = 0.045). However, when Bonferroni correction was applied to the correlation analysis results, the weak correlation became not significant.
CONCLUSION: Prelingually-deafened children with CIs face challenges in tone perception in noisy environments, especially when the noise is fluctuating in amplitude such as the multi-talker babbles. Wearing a HA on the contralateral side when residual hearing permits is beneficial for tone recognition in noise.
Each 5 mL (one teaspoonful), for oral administration contains: Promethazine hydrochloride, USP 6.25 mg; phenylephrine hydrochloride, USP 5 mg. Alcohol 7%. 

Inactive Ingredients: alcohol, ascorbic acid, caramel color, citric acid, edetate disodium, glycerin, methylparaben, natural & artificial citrus flavor, purified water, saccharin sodium, sodium benzoate, sodium citrate, sodium metabisulfite and sucrose. 

Promethazine hydrochloride, USP, a phenothiazine derivative, is chemically designated as (±)-10-[2-(Dimethylamino)propyl] phenothiazine monohydrochloride. 

Promethazine hydrochloride, USP occurs as a white to faint yellow, practically odorless, crystalline powder which slowly oxidizes and turns blue on prolonged exposure to air. It is soluble in water and freely soluble in alcohol. It has a molecular weight of 320.88, a molecular formula of C17H20N2S•HCl and the following structural formula: 

Phenylephrine hydrochloride, USP is a sympathomimetic amine salt which is chemically designated as (-)-m-Hydroxy-α-[(methylamino)methyl]benzyl alcohol hydrochloride. It occurs as white or nearly white crystals, having a bitter taste. It is freely soluble in water and alcohol. Phenylephrine hydrochloride, USP is subject to oxidation and must be protected from light and air. It has a molecular weight of 203.67, a molecular formula of C9H13NO2•HCl, and the following structural formula: