anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVES: In this study mice were fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks to establish diet-induced obesity and syringic acid (SA) was assessed for anti-obese, neuroprotective, and neurogenesis.
METHOD: Animals were given HFD for 12 weeks to measure metabolic characteristics and then put through the Barns-maze and T-maze tests to measure memory. Additionally, the physiology of the blood-brain barrier, oxidative stress parameters, the expression of inflammatory genes, neurogenesis, and histopathology was evaluated in the brain.
RESULT: DIO raised body weight, BMI, and other metabolic parameters after 12 weeks of overfeeding. A reduced spontaneous alternation in behavior (working memory, reference memory, and total time to complete a task), decreased enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, oxidative biomarkers, increased neurogenesis, and impaired blood-brain barrier were all seen in DIO mice. SA (50 mg/kg) treatment of DIO mice (4 weeks after 8 weeks of HFD feeding) reduced diet-induced changes in lipid parameters associated with obesity, hepatological parameters, memory, blood-brain barrier, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neurogenesis. SA also reduced the impact of malondialdehyde and enhanced the effects of antioxidants such as glutathione, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total thiol (MDA). Syringic acid improved neurogenesis, cognition, and the blood-brain barrier while reducing neurodegeneration in the hippocampal area.
DISCUSSION: According to the results of the study, syringic acid therapy prevented neurodegeneration, oxidative stress, DIO, and memory loss. Syringic acid administration may be a useful treatment for obesity, memory loss, and neurogenesis, but more research and clinical testing is needed.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a urine eliminant having a mild urine eliminant action and capable of adding to foods and beverages by using an essence of a specific mushroom as an effective ingredient. SOLUTION: In this urine eliminant, an essence of a basidiomycete of Polyporaceae as an effective ingredient. As the basidiomycete of Polyporaceae, Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) Karst. [other names: REISI, SIBAKUSA)], Coriolus versicolor (Fr.) Karst. Fomitopsis pinicola (fR.) karst., etc., are cited. As the essence, mycellia themselves, a processed product by drying, crushing, slicing the mycelia or an extract obtained by extracting the processed product. The urine eliminant is preferably administered 100-1000mg/adult/day perorally in several times. The eliminant can be added to candies, gummies, cookies, juices, healthy teas, seasoning wines, etc., to form a composition. The content is suitably 0.1-50wt.%, especially about 5-30wt.%.
Autism spectrum disorder is a prevalent neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in social communication and the presence of repetitive and inflexible behaviors. There are currently few biologically-targeted treatment options for autism, in part because the underlying neurobiology is not well understood. One region of the brain that is consistently implicated in autism is the cerebellum. Specifically, two cerebellar subregions show structural and functional differences in autism: right cerebellar lobule VII (RVII) and the posterior cerebellar vermis. Based on the different anatomical connectivity of these regions, the investigators hypothesize that RVII and the posterior vermis regulate different core deficits in autism. In this study, the investigators combine cerebellar neuromodulation with functional neuroimaging to test the hypothesis that neuromodulation targeting RVII will selectively alter social learning and neural networks supporting social behavior, while neuromodulation targeting the posterior vermis will impact cognitive flexibility and neural networks involved in the allocation of attention. Neurotypical adults and adults with autism will complete social and cognitive flexibility tasks after excitatory, inhibitory, or sham neuromodulation in a within-subjects design. Some participants will receive neuromodulation targeting RVII and others will receive neuromodulation targeting the posterior vermis. The investigators will acquire functional brain imaging data during and after cerebellar neuromodulation, which will allow the team to better understand the mechanisms by which non-invasive neuromodulation might impact behavior in clinical disorders.
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a major complication of liver trauma, resection, and transplantation that can lead to liver dysfunction and failure. Scholars have proposed a variety of liver protection methods aimed at reducing ischemia-reperfusion damage, but there is still a lack of effective treatment methods, which urgently needs to find new effective treatment methods for patients. Many studies have reported that signaling pathway plays a key role in HIRI pathological process and liver function recovery mechanism, among which nuclear transfer factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway is one of the signal transduction closely related to disease. NF-κB pathway is closely related to HIRI pathologic process, and inhibition of this pathway can delay oxidative stress, inflammatory response, cell death, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, NF-κB can also interact with PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and Nrf2 signaling pathways to participate in HIRI regulation. Based on the role of NF-κB pathway in HIRI, it may be a potential target pathway for HIRI. This review emphasizes the role of inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway in oxidative stress, inflammatory response, cell death, and mitochondrial dysfunction in HIRI, as well as the effects of related drugs or inhibitors targeting NF-κB on HIRI. The objective of this review is to elucidate the role and mechanism of NF-κB pathway in HIRI, emphasize the important role of NF-κB pathway in the prevention and treatment of HIRI, and provide a theoretical basis for the target NF-κB pathway as a therapy for HIRI.
In this study, the investigators propose to develop a real-time adherence intervention based on SMS (i.e., text messages), wireless adherence monitoring (with the Wisepill device), and engagement of social support that is tailored to rural sub-Saharan Africa. The investigators will build on research by others who have shown SMS reminders improve adherence and viral suppression in Kenya, albeit with relatively small effect sizes and suboptimal virologic failure rates even in the intervention arm. Moreover, little is known about which patients benefit from SMS, why they benefit, and what can be done to further improve adherence and treatment success rates. Understanding the mechanisms of effect will make it possible to design and test evidence-based interventions with the highest likelihood for efficacy.

In a cohort of HIV-infected individuals starting ART and being monitored with Wisepill, the investigators will test 1) daily SMS reminders, 2) weekly SMS reminders, 3) SMS reminders linked to real-time detection of missed doses, and 4) SMS reminders plus SMS notifications of 48+hour gaps in adherence to members of social support networks. The investigators will conduct qualitative interviews to learn the experiences of participants and members of their social support networks with the different types of SMS. This staged approach will allow us to fully understand and compare the additive effects and acceptability of SMS-based interventions. The investigators will also determine behavioral effect mechanisms, as well as compare the impact of each type of SMS with a control population receiving only Wisepill monitoring on adherence and HIV RNA.
A mobile language interpretation platform has a mobile support device. Further, the mobile language interpretation platform has one or more wheels attached to the mobile support device. Moreover, the mobile language interpretation platform has a computing device operably attached to the mobile support device. The computing device has a receiver that receives, from a context-specific server, a request for a context-specific service pertaining to a contextual environment in which the mobile language interpretation platform is physically located. Additionally, the computing device has a processor that performs the context-specific service and establishes a language interpretation session between at least one user situated at the mobile language interpretation platform and a remotely-situated language interpreter. Finally, the computing device has a transmitter that sends data pertaining to the context-specific service to the context-specific server.
BACKGROUND: Currently, there were two major surgical methods for arthroscopic triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) foveal repair: suture anchor (SA) and transosseous suture (TOS). The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the relevant outcome improvement and safety of SA and TOS technique.
METHODS: Literature review of electronic databases for studies investigating the effects of SA and TOS in patients undergoing arthroscopic TFCC foveal repair was performed. We compared the pre-operative and postoperative functional outcomes, clinical outcomes [pain, range of motion (ROM) and grip strength], and complications of two methods. Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was used to determine clinically meaningful improvement.
RESULTS: There were 1263 distinct studies identified, with 26 (904 patients) meeting the inclusion criteria. The mean age of participants ranged from 21.4 to 41 years, and the mean follow-up time ranged from 6 to 106 months. Both SA and TOS groups reported significant improvement in the modified mayo wrist score, the disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) score, quick DASH score, patient-reported wrist evaluation (PRWE) score, and the visual analog scale (VAS) score. According to MCID, all the studies from both groups reporting DASH, quick DASH, PRWE and VAS score achieved clinically meaningful improvement. (MCID: 10 for DASH, 14 for quick DASH, 14 for PRWE and 1.6-18 for VAS). The ROM changes in both groups varied from improvement to deterioration. Grip strength improved in both SA and TOS group. Most complications were self-limited. The reoperation rates in SA and TOS ranged from 0 to 20% and 0 to 27.3%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Both SA and TOS technique for arthroscopic TFCC foveal repair could achieve improvement in postoperative functional outcomes, pain, and grip strength with low reoperation rate. However, the ROM improvement was still inconclusive.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: Systematic review of level III and IV studies.
The present invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating sterility and a preparation method thereof. The preparation has the characteristics of convenient administration, portability, strong medicine potency, rapid effect taking, no wounds, low expense, suitability for both men and women and no toxic or side effect. The preparation is composed of the medicines of astragalus hoangtchy, codonopsis pilosula, prepared rehmannia root, stir-fried dodder seed, palmleaf raspberry pruit, stir-fried epimedium, Chinese taxillus twig, etc. Yellow wine whose quantity is 3 times of that of deerhorn glue is added to the deerhorn glue according to a proportion by weight, and the mixture is put in a water bath pot to be heated and melted for standby. A finished product herbal piece prepared for decoction is made after washing and processing other medicine raw material. The herbal piece is put in a proper decoction device according to a proportion by weight, and cold drinking water whose quantity is 5 to 8 times of that of the piece is added. The mixture is heated until the mixture is boiled, and filtered by gauze or a sieve, and filtrate is stored. Medicine dregs are continuously decocted for 2 to 3 times, and the filtrate of each time is collected and combined. After the filtrate is in still standing for 48 hours, undissolved substances are filtered off, and the filtrate is concentrated. The melted liquid of the deerhorn glue is added, and the mixture is concentrated to a degree that the ratio of the medicine raw material to the concentrated liquid is 100: 80. After the mixture is put and cooled, a proper amount of ethylparaben is added. After being uniformly agitated, put and cooled, the mixture is sterilized, taken out and stored for standby, and 30 to 60 milliliters of the mixture are filled into one bottle.
Patients should be advised to measure Promethazine with Codeine Oral Solution with an accurate measuring device. A household teaspoon is not an accurate measuring device and could lead to overdosage, especially when a half a teaspoon is measured. A pharmacist can recommend an appropriate measuring device and can provide instructions for measuring the correct dose.

Advise caregivers that Promethazine with Codeine Oral Solution is contraindicated in all children younger than 12 years of age and in children younger than 18 years of age following tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy. Advise caregivers of children 12-18 years of age receiving Promethazine with Codeine Oral Solution monitor for signs of respiratory depression. (See WARNINGS - Ultra-Rapid Metabolism of Codeine and Respiratory Depression).

Advise patients that breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment with Promethazine with Codeine Oral Solution. (See WARNINGS - Ultra-Rapid Metabolism of Codeine and Respiratory Depression).

Promethazine and codeine may cause marked drowsiness or may impair the mental and/or physical abilities required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks, such as driving a vehicle or operating machinery. Ambulatory patients should be told to avoid engaging in such activities until it is known that they do not become drowsy or dizzy from promethazine and codeine therapy. Pediatric patients should be supervised to avoid potential harm in bike riding or in other hazardous activities.

Inform patients and caregivers that potentially fatal additive effects may occur if Promethazine with Codeine Oral Solution is used with benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants, including alcohol. Because of this risk, patients should avoid concomitant use of Promethazine with Codeine Oral Solution with benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants, including alcohol. (See WARNINGS - Risks from Concomitant Use with Benzodiazepines or Other CNS Depressants).

Patients should be advised to report any involuntary muscle movements.

Avoid prolonged exposure to the sun.

Codeine, like other narcotic analgesics, may produce orthostatic hypotension in some ambulatory patients. Patients should be cautioned accordingly.
Carcinogenicity studies have not been conducted with niraparib.

Niraparib was clastogenic in an in vitro mammalian chromosomal aberration assay and in an in vivo rat bone marrow micronucleus assay. This clastogenicity is consistent with genomic instability resulting from the primary pharmacology of niraparib and indicates potential for genotoxicity in humans. Niraparib was not mutagenic in a bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames) test.

Fertility studies in animals have not been conducted with niraparib. In repeat-dose oral toxicity studies, niraparib was administered daily for up to 3 months’ duration in rats and dogs. Reduced sperm, spermatids, and germ cells in epididymides and testes were observed at doses ≥10 mg/kg and ≥1.5 mg/kg in rats and dogs, respectively. These dose levels resulted in systemic exposures approximately 0.3 and 0.012 times, respectively, the human exposure (AUC0-24h) at the recommended dose of 300 mg daily. There was a trend toward reversibility of these findings 4 weeks after dosing was stopped.
The radio signal jamming device includes a generator producing a comb spectrum of waves. The generator comprises pulse generators producing a train of pulses, with a frequency corresponding to the separation between the channels of the jamming signals, such as 25 kHz. A pass-band filter allows these signals together with harmonics through to reach a power amplifier producing jamming pulses. An aerial transmits the amplified signal. The width of the pulses of the pulse train is sufficiently small as to ensure that the harmonics of the fundamental frequency are present in the whole band width. The generator provides satisfactory jamming over the required bandwidth an excessive power requirement.
The safety and effectiveness of QVAR REDIHALER for the maintenance treatment of asthma as prophylactic therapy have been established in pediatric patients aged 4 years and older. Use of QVAR REDIHALER for this indication is supported by evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies. Five-hundred and one children between the ages of 4 and 11 were treated with at least one dose of QVAR REDIHALER or QVAR MDI in one 12‑week clinical trial. The safety and effectiveness of QVAR REDIHALER in children below 4 years of age have not been established.

Controlled clinical studies have shown that inhaled corticosteroids may cause a reduction in growth velocity in pediatric patients. A 12‑month, randomized, controlled clinical trial evaluated the effects of QVAR MDI versus beclomethasone dipropionate in a CFC propellant‑based formulation (CFC‑BDP) on growth in children age 5 to 11. A total of 520 patients were enrolled, of whom 394 received QVAR MDI (100 to 400 mcg/day ex‑valve) and 126 received CFC‑BDP (200 to 800 mcg/day ex‑valve). Similar control of asthma was noted in each treatment arm. When comparing results at month 12 to baseline, the mean growth velocity in children treated with QVAR MDI was approximately 0.5 cm/year less than that noted with children treated with CFC‑BDP via large‑volume spacer. The long‑term effects of the reduction in growth velocity associated with orally inhaled corticosteroids, including the impact on final adult height, are unknown. The potential for "catch‑up" growth following discontinuation of treatment with orally inhaled corticosteroids has not been adequately studied.

The growth of children and adolescents receiving orally inhaled corticosteroids, including QVAR REDIHALER, should be monitored routinely (e.g., via stadiometry). If a child or adolescent on any corticosteroid appears to have growth suppression, the possibility that he/she is particularly sensitive to this effect should be considered. The potential growth effects of prolonged treatment should be weighed against clinical benefits obtained and the risks associated with alternative therapies. To minimize the systemic effects of orally inhaled corticosteroids, including QVAR REDIHALER, each patient should be titrated to his/her lowest effective dose [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
Balance is considered to be an important component of performance during activity as a result of a complex process in which musculoskeletal and neurological systems function. Two different balance states are defined as the static balance where the individuals maintain their inactive position or the dynamic balance when they perform a foreseen movement. The balance is maintained by keeping the center of gravity within the boundaries of the support surface and is provided by sensory impulses from the visual, vestibular and somatosensory systems organized by the central nervous system. Balance is an important factor to lead an independent life, and it is imperative that the balance be ensured in order to ensure that daily living activities are performed safely. The neural control of the bipedal posture varies depending on the width of the supporting surface, which has a significant impact on the frontal plane biomechanics. There is a linear relationship between increased support surface size and mechanical stability. In experimental studies, it has been shown that increasing muscle width levels in response to translational perturbations seen on the support surface on the horizontal plane have decreased with increasing step width. The changes in the preferred support surface vary depending on the age of the external environment, recurrent falls due to decreased sensory input, or various neurological disorders. However, there are few quantitative studies examining the relationship between different support surface widths and equilibrium, and the effect of posture width on sensory feedback control is still poorly understood. This study was planned to evaluate the effect of age, visual sensation and different soil properties on postural release and stability limits at different support surface widths.
AIMS: Obesity is a significant health issue. Te Whatu Ora Waitematā serves a population of 650,000 patients across the North Shore, Waitākere and Rodney areas. The Waitematā bariatric service at North Shore Hospital was introduced in October 2001. The aim of this study was to review the development and impact of the service over the last 20 years, and identify whether equivalent bariatric services could viably be introduced into other hospitals in Aotearoa New Zealand.
METHODS: A retrospective audit was conducted of the 20-year results of the Waitematā bariatric surgical service to identify the impact of technology, teaching and research on service provision.
RESULTS: Since its inception, the Waitematā bariatric service has launched minimally invasive surgery, multiple operative options and an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol. Approximately 100 cases are performed per year. Of these, 3.4% of patients require admission to the intensive care unit/high dependency unit (ICU/HDU), with an average length of stay (LOS) of 0.66 days. The 1-year mortality rate is 0.39%. Eleven surgical fellows have undergone post-fellowship training with the service, which is a recognised training unit for the post-fellowship AANZGOSA/ANZMOSS programme.
CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric surgery can be performed safely and has good long-term outcomes. The Waitematā bariatric service is dedicated to providing excellent care within the resource constraints of a public healthcare system. The high number of procedures, low requirement for ICU/HDU and low mortality rate suggest that bariatric surgery could be safely performed within a public setting in secondary and regional hospitals across the country.
BACKGROUND: The Shock Index (SI) is emerging as a potentially useful measure among children with injury or suspected sepsis.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of the SI and evaluate its association with clinical outcomes among all children presenting to the emergency department (ED).
METHODS: A complex survey of nonfederal U.S. ED encounters from 2016 through 2021 was analyzed. Among children, the Pediatric Age-Adjusted Shock Index (SIPA), Pediatric Shock Index (PSI), and the Temperature- and Age-Adjusted Shock Index (TAMSI) were analyzed. The association of these criteria with disposition, acuity, medication administration, diagnoses and procedures was analyzed.
RESULTS: A survey-weighted 81.5 million ED visits were included for children aged 4-16 years and 117.2 million visits were included for children aged 1-12 years. SI could be calculated for 78.6% of patients aged 4-16 years and 57.9% of patients aged 1-12 years. An abnormal SI was present in 15.9%, 11.1%, and 31.7% when using the SIPA, PSI, and TAMSI, respectively. With all criteria, an elevated SI was associated with greater hospitalization. The SIPA and PSI were associated with triage acuity. All criteria were associated with medical interventions, including provision of IV fluids and acquisition of blood cultures.
CONCLUSIONS: An elevated SI is indicative of greater resource utilization needs among children in the ED. When using any criteria, an elevated SI was associated with clinically important outcomes. Further research is required to evaluate the distribution of the SI in children and to investigate its potential role within existing triage algorithms for children in the ED.