anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Acute kidney injury and other renal disorders are thought to be primarily caused by renal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR). Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) has plenty of physiological pleiotropic effects and preserves tissue integrity and functions. This research aimed to examine the potential protective effects of the β3-adrenergic receptors agonist mirabegron in a rat model of RIR and its underlying mechanisms. Male rats enrolled in this work were given an oral dose of 30 mg/kg mirabegron for two days before surgical induction of RIR. Renal levels of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), cAMP, cAMP-responsive element binding protein (pCREB), and glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) were assessed along with blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Additionally, caspase-3 and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 were explored by immunohistochemical analysis. Renal specimens were inspected for histopathological changes. RIR led to renal tissue damage with elevated blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels. The renal KIM-1, MCP-1, TNF-α, and GSK-3β were significantly increased, while IL-10, cAMP, and pCREB levels were reduced. Moreover, upregulation of caspase-3 and NF-κB p65 protein expression was seen in RIR rats. Mirabegron significantly reduced kidney dysfunction, histological abnormalities, inflammation, and apoptosis in the rat renal tissues. Mechanistically, mirabegron mediated these effects via modulation of cAMP/pCREB and GSK-3β/NF-κB p65 signaling pathways. Mirabegron administration could protect renal tissue and maintain renal function against RIR.
Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease and the only hope for improvement of survival is early detection. Certain genetic syndromes are associated with a high risk of pancreatic cancer and screening for pancreatic cancer has become a relatively new strategy for familial pancreatic cancer. . Our pancreatic cancer research group at Johns Hopkins and others have shown that screening with EUS and/or abdominal imaging tests such as CT/MRI can detect a relatively high number of significant pancreatic neoplasms (7-18%) in asymptomatic high risk individuals with an inherited predisposition for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma This is a clinical, early detection translational study that will directly influence patient care. This long term study follows the successful completion of single center Cancer of the Pancreas (CAPS) 1 and CAPS 2 studies at Johns Hopkins, and the ongoing CAPS 3 multicenter study. GENERAL AIM: This is a study that aims to evaluate the diagnostic yield, quality of life, and clinical outcomes of a clinical screening and surveillance program for individuals at-risk for pancreatic cancer and to validate a candidate panel of biomarkers for early detection of pancreatic neoplasia. The 3 specific groups to be screened and followed are individuals from familial pancreatic cancer kindreds (who have 2 or more affected relatives and have an estimated risk 16-57 times that of controls), patients with familial Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, patients with a known BRCA-2, BRCA-1, PALB2, PRSS or p16 germline mutation.
Pregnancy Category D

Use of drugs that act on the renin-angiotensin system during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy reduces fetal renal function and increases fetal and neonatal morbidity and death. Resulting oligohydramnios can be associated with fetal lung hypoplasia and skeletal deformations. Potential neonatal adverse effects include skull hypoplasia, anuria, hypotension, renal failure, and death. When pregnancy is detected, discontinue univasc ® as soon as possible. These adverse outcomes are usually associated with use of these drugs in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. Most epidemiologic studies examining fetal abnormalities after exposure to antihypertensive use in the first trimester have not distinguished drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system from other antihypertensive agents. Appropriate management of maternal hypertension during pregnancy is important to optimize outcomes for both mother and fetus. 

In the unusual case that there is no appropriate alternative to therapy with drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system for a particular patient, apprise the mother of the potential risk to the fetus. Perform serial ultrasound examinations to assess the intra-amniotic environment. If oligohydramnios is observed, discontinue univasc ®, unless it is considered lifesaving for the mother. Fetal testing may be appropriate, based on the week of pregnancy. Patients and physicians should be aware, however, that oligohydramnios may not appear until after the fetus has sustained irreversible injury. Closely observe infants with histories of in utero exposure to univasc ® for hypotension, oliguria, and hyperkalemia. (see Precautions, Pediatric Use). 

No embryotoxic, fetotoxic, or teratogenic effects were seen in rats or in rabbits treated with up to 90.9 and 0.7 times, respectively, the Maximum Recommended Human Dose (MRHD) on a mg/m 2 basis.
Both groups will have layered closure with 2-O Vicryl (polyglactin 910) braided suture for the subcutaneous layers and 3-O Stratafix knotless barbed suture for the subcuticular layer. Fixation strips (STERI-Strip, 3M) would then be applied to the entire length of the wound. For the NPWT group, the Smith \& Nephew PICO dressing will be chosen as it is versatile with various size options, and the small suction pump is would not causing much problems to patient mobility. For the standard dressing group, the same PICO dressing will be applied, but without the suction.
Participants will start taking either memantine or placebo within 24 hours after baseline testing and randomization is completed, but no later than day 8 post-symptom onset. Participants will titrate up on the dose of placebo until taking twice daily. Participants will continue for 90 days with placebo. Continue with standard of care for other treatment of stroke.
All participants will receive usual care, including standard advice about diet and physical activity. In addition to usual care, participants will be asked to take part in a 12-week exercise programme. Participants will use an indoor rower (Concept 2, Model E) three times per week at Leicester Diabetes Centre. Each session will be supervised and the investigators will liaise with the participants to arrange convenient times to exercise, including mornings and evenings. The supervisors will teach the participants how to row correctly.
Studies have demonstrated that at least 80% of women who stop mood stabilizing medications for pregnancy relapse psychiatrically. However, relapse is also quite common in women who continue taking mood stabilizing medication with studies demonstrating approximately a 30-37% relapse rate-most with depressive episodes. One likely explanation for the high relapse rate of Bipolar Disorder during pregnancy despite continued mood stabilizing medication is decreasing blood levels of mood stabilizing medications during the course of pregnancy. Pregnancy induces both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes, which can result in decreased serum blood levels and decreased treatment efficacy. Therapeutic drug monitoring is considered standard of care for a number of psychiatric medications. Therapeutic drug monitoring can be an especially crucial guide to clinical treatment during pregnancy, but remarkably, there are no established protocols for the monitoring of levels and dosing of psychiatric medications in pregnancy. Most pregnant psychiatric patients are therefore managed based on symptom recurrence. In contrast, there are established protocols for monitoring blood levels and prophylactic management of antiepileptic medications for epilepsy, including lamotrigine which is also a mood stabilizing medication. The investigators will collect pilot data on the psychiatric outcomes, adverse events, and obstetrical and infant outcomes of pregnant women with Bipolar Disorder who undergo prophylactic therapeutic drug monitoring for a commonly used mood stabilizing medication during pregnancy- lamotrigine. In the epilepsy literature, there is a published protocol for lamotrigine management before, during, and after pregnancy for seizure control; the investigators will use this protocol as a guide.
BACKGROUND: Fewer adenomas are detected at colonoscopy in women compared to men and failure to detect adenomas and sessile serrated polyps is associated with an increased risk of post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this was in part due to the greater difficulty of conducting colonoscopy in women, with the difference being more apparent in colonoscopies conducted by less skilled endoscopists.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional exploratory analysis of data on 16,551 individuals undergoing a primary colonoscopy (PCOL group) or colonoscopy after positive faecal immunochemical test (FIT group) within the randomized controlled trial SCREESCO. Endoscopist adenoma detection rate (ADR; low or high) was determined based on each endoscopist's colonoscopies performed in SCREESCO. In each study group, the relationship between the sex difference in colonoscopy outcome and endoscopist ADR was assessed using multiplicative interaction tests.
RESULTS: Endoscopists performed equally many colonoscopies in men and women (median 52% men). There were no signs of effect modification of the risk ratio of any finding (men vs women) by endoscopist ADR in the PCOL group (p = 0.33) or the FIT group (p = 0.30). The proportion of incomplete index colonoscopies was lower in men than in women in both groups and there was no effect modification by endoscopist ADR in either the PCOL group (p = 0.41) or the FIT group (p = 0.96).
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides no evidence that endoscopist skill measured by ADR underlies the sex difference in adenoma detection at colonoscopy. This study has trial number NCT02078804 and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov.
The study is an RCT comparing the effect of a group-based intervention with an individual work-out intervention on work participation. The target group is persons who are at risk of leaving the work force due to health issues, and people currently outside the work force. The interventions have a time-span of 3 months. Survey data will be collected at baseline, after three months (after intervention has ended), and after 15 months. Survey data include information on lifestyle, self-reported health, subjective health complaints and readiness for work. Register data on employment and welfare benefits will be collected from two years in advance of inclusion, and five years after inclusion. According to power calculations, the study will need 322 participants.

In addition to the effect evaluation, a process evaluation will also be performed. The process evaluation will examine content quality and adherence to guidelines, as well as feasibility of the group intervention. The process evaluation will consist of some survey data as well as interviews with service providers and participants.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: suppositories are prepared on gelatin-glycerol base using celandine herb extract in combination with an anesthetic agent anesthesin. Suppository is administrated in rectum, twice per a day, at the dose - one suppository. Ointment is prepared on vaselin-lanolin base (6: 4) using celandine herb extract in combination with local anesthetic agent anesthesin. Ointment is applied on hemorrhoid nodes or using tampon in anus, 2-3 times per a day. Invention ensures to avoid adverse effects as itch, skin rash, nettle rash. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of drug, decreased adverse effects. 4 cl, 4 ex
The treatment period is 5 days. Oral Dose per administration: 1 tablet. The tablet should be kept in the mouth until completely dissolution, the drug is taken without regard to food intake.
A fitness challenge program designed to encourage physical activity as well as to entertain and engage participants. Individuals are organized into teams and compete individually as well as against other teams. The program incorporates the use of computer technology to record physical activity and track progress for individuals as well as their teams. The individual and team activity information is posted to a web site accessible to the participants. Each participant has an account and can access his or her activity data through the web site. Team progress can also be viewed in the form of activity level data as well as movement to various locations associated with activity levels. The program incorporates educational content that is tied to team progress in the challenge. The program may be organized and administered through the middle schools that student participants attend.
Provided is a bilayer membrane vesicle capable of undergoing a phase transition. The bilayer membrane vesicle includes: (a) a fatty acid salt having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; (b) an alcohol or an amine compound having an aliphatic chain of 6 to 20 carbon atoms; and (c) an artificial synthetic lipid or a phospholipid capable of forming a bilayer membrane. Preferably, this bilayer membrane vesicle further contains (d) a tertiary amine as a component of the membrane. Also provided is a method of inducing a phase transition of a bilayer membrane vesicle, the method including the step of adding a dehydrating condensing agent or a dehydrating condensing agent precursor having the property of accumulating at an interface to the bilayer membrane vesicle. By causing the lipids that form a molecular aggregate to chemically change, it is possible to change the physical property and the morphology of the molecular aggregate and control the timing of phase transitions such as membrane fusion. In the membrane fusion, for example, fusion can occur without leakage of the contents of the bilayer membrane vesicle.
PURPOSE: A composition containing valproic acid or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is provided to promote growth of nail or toenail of a person with nail disorder. CONSTITUTION: A composition for promoting nail or toenail contains valproic acid or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient. The valproic acid or pharmaceutically acceptable salt is sodium valproate. The composition is an external use formulation. A pharmaceutical composition contains the composition. A cosmetic composition contains the composition.
PURPOSE:To obtain a 3-exo-methylenecepham deriv. of high purity by electrolyzing a 3-halomethylcephem compound having a specified structure in an org. compound contg. water. CONSTITUTION:A 3-halomethylcephem compound represented by formula II(where R<1> is arylacetylamino or the like, R<2> is a group protecting the carboxyl group, and X is halogen) is used as a starting material. A mixture consisting of ethers such as dioxane and water in 100:1-1:100 ratio is used as an org. solvent. The org. solvent contg. water is used by amount (weight) 0.3-1,000 times the amount of the 3-halomethylcephem compound. A supporting electrolyte such as an alkali metallic salt of perchloric acid is added to the solvent by 0.1-10% of the amount of the solvent, and the 3-halomethylcephem compound is electrolyzed. After the electrolysis, concn. and extraction are carried out. A desired 3-exo- methylenecepham deriv. of high purity represented by formula I can be obtd. without causing the problem of handling or disposal.
Patients undergo laparoscopy followed by surgical resection with pancreaticoduodenectomy, distal pancreatectomy, or total pancreatectomy at the discretion of the surgeon within 2-8 weeks following completion of standard of care neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen. Patients undergo CT and blood sample collection throughout the study and/or MRI during screening. Patients also undergo tissue collection at time of surgical resection on study.
PURPOSE: To make it possible to release active components from several hours to >=1 days to a skin surface covered with a bandage by consisting of this bandage of a soft supporting material and a pressure sensitive tacky adhesive layer contg. pharmaceutically active components. CONSTITUTION: This pressure sensitive tacky adhesive bandage consists of the tacky adhesive layer compounded with the material suitable for use with the skin of a human body and the soft supporting material. The pressure sensitive tacky adhesive compsn. suitable for use as the skin contact tacky adhesive layer is a mixture composed of one or >=2 kinds of polyisobutyrenes or one or >=2 kinds of polyisobutyrenes and elastomer or a homogeneous mixture composed of one or >=2 kinds of hygroscopic, moisture permeable, water-soluble and/or water swellable materials. The polyisobutyrene components of the pressure sensitive tacky adhesive compsn. act to have the tacky adhesiveness, i.e., dry tacky adhesiveness to the dried human body surface and maintain the structural bondability of the bandage together with the soft supporting layer.  The hygroscopic, moisture permeable, water-soluble or water swellable materials impart the tacky adhesiveness, i.e., wet tacky adhesiveness to the body surface wet with the tacky adhesive compsn.
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of medicine, namely to radiology and experimental medicine. To reduce the lethality of radiation damage to a laboratory animal, after irradiation, transplanted crushed fragments of allogeneic thymus, collected from animals of prepubertal age of the same species, are transplanted into the anterior chamber of the eye through a cornea incision with a length of 1.7±0.3 mm. Place the graft directly on the iris of the eye as far as possible from the incision. Immediately before the operation, preparations with mydriatic and anesthetic effects are instilled into recipient animals eyes. Incision is made on the upper anterior portion of the cornea at 12–14 o'clock on an imaginary dial on the left eye or on 10–12 o'clock on an imaginary dial on the right eye. From the anterior chamber, the eyes are pre-aspirated with 5–10 % of the intraocular fluid. Total volume of the graft is equal to the volume of the fluid removed from the anterior chamber of the eye. Transplantation is carried out on day 3 after radiation exposure.EFFECT: method allows to reduce mortality from radiation exposure in experimental animals by determining the optimal effective volume of the introduced graft and determining the optimal time for the manipulation after irradiation.1 cl, 2 ex
BACKGROUND: Bile acids mediate gut-liver cross-talk through bile acid receptors. Serum, hepatic, and microbial bile acid metabolism was evaluated in HCV-compensated chronic liver disease.
METHODS: Patients underwent liver biopsy; portal and peripheral blood were obtained before (HCVi), and 6 months after sustained virologic response (SVR), splenic blood was obtained only after SVR. The fecal microbiome and liver transcriptome were evaluated using RNA-Seq. Twenty-four bile acids were measured in serum, summed as free, taurine-conjugated bile acids (Tau-BAs), and glycine-conjugated bile acids.
RESULTS: Compared to SVR, HCVi showed elevated conjugated bile acids, predominantly Tau-BA, compounded in HCVi cirrhosis. In the liver, transcription of bile acids uptake, synthesis, and conjugation was decreased with increased hepatic spillover into systemic circulation in HCVi. There was no difference in the transcription of microbial bile acid metabolizing genes in HCVi. Despite an overall decrease, Tau-BA remained elevated in SVR cirrhosis, mainly in splenic circulation. Only conjugated bile acids, predominantly Tau-BA, correlated with serum proinflammatory markers and hepatic proinflammatory pathways, including NLRP3 and NFKB. Among hepatic bile acid receptors, disease-associated conjugated bile acids showed the strongest association with hepatic spingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2).
CONCLUSIONS: Enhanced expression of hepatic S1PR2 in HCVi and HCVi-cirrhosis and strong associations of S1PR2 with Tau-BAs suggest pathological relevance of Tau-BA-hepatic S1PR2 signaling in chronic liver disease. These findings have therapeutic implications in chronic liver diseases.
It is common to have voiding difficulties after prolapse and incontinence surgeries. Difficulties in voiding are seen in up to 47% of patients after transvaginal prolapse surgery in the immediate hours postoperatively (6). Accepted protocols for voiding trials after prolapse and incontinence surgeries do not exist. Traditionally, many surgeons measure postvoid residual (PVR) urine volume to assess incomplete bladder emptying by retrograde filling the bladder with a predetermined amount of normal saline or water. The catheter is then removed and the patient is permitted to void into a collection basin. The need for postoperative catheterization is generally based on arbitrarily determined ratios of voided urine to PVR. The force of stream trial (FAST) does not prioritize amount voided, but rather the patient's subjective force of stream. Using FAST, a patient uses a visual analog scale (VAS) scale to quantify her force of stream. If she states that her Force of Stream (FOS) is \>50% of her baseline prior to surgery, independent of the amount voided, she is discharged without a catheter. If the FOS is \<50%, a PVR is measured via bladder scan. If her PVR is \<500cc the patient is discharged home.

No randomized control trials (RCT) have been performed comparing the FAST method to the traditional retrograde voiding trial in subjects undergoing vaginal apex prolapse surgery despite the promising findings that FAST voiding trials are as reliable and safe as retrograde voiding trials in patients undergoing anti-incontinence surgeries. Standard in our practice is to perform a voiding trial on postoperative day 1 on all patients after vaginal apical prolapse surgery if they are to be discharged without a catheter. Investigators would like to compare the FAST voiding trial to a traditional retrograde fill voiding trial with respect to the rate of catheterization among those discharged without a catheter within the six-week postoperative period in patients undergoing a vaginal apex prolapse surgery. Investigators hypothesize the FAST voiding trial method is not inferior to traditional retrograde voiding trial. Subjects will complete questionnaires to examine postoperative bladder function, symptom distress and quality of life before and after surgery during their routine postoperative visits.