anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Modern contraceptive use by HIV-infected women not only prevents pregnancy-related complications and economic disparity, but also prevents perinatal HIV transmission. Despite the clear benefits of highly effective modern contraceptives, there are significant unanswered questions about their safety in women infected with HIV, particularly women who are on anti-retroviral therapy (ART). Currently, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), such as nevirapine (NVP) and efavirenz (EFV), are the most widely prescribed HIV medications in sub-Saharan Africa and recently the WHO recommended the EFV-based ART be recommended as first-line therapy for HIV-1 infected adults, including women of reproductive age. Contraceptive implants are becoming increasingly available and popular in sub-Saharan Africa, and the etonogestrel (ENG) implant is a single rod, making insertion and removal easier than other contraceptive implants. The clinical data on concurrent use of NNRTIs and the ENG implant are limited to six case reports of contraceptive failures in the setting of EFV-based ART, highlighting the potential for a clinically significant drug-drug interaction. The investigators aim to perform a pharmacokinetic (PK) study evaluating the interaction between the ENG implant and NNRTI-based ART. The investigators propose a non-randomized, open-label, parallel, three-group, sparse-sampling PK study to compare ENG PK parameters between a control group (no ART) and two treatment groups (EFV- or NVP-based ART) in 60 HIV-1 infected women, 20 women in each group. The primary endpoint is the comparison of the mean ENG concentrations at month 6 between the control group and NNRTI treatment groups. The investigators hypothesize that women in the EFV-based and NVP-based ART group will have a significantly lower mean ENG concentration 6 months post-implant insertion, as compared to women in the control group. The investigators also aim to: 1) predict the disposition of ENG in women on NNRTI-based ART over the subsequent 2.5 years of intended use through PK modeling of ENG concentrations beyond 6 months of use in HIV-infected women, 2) estimate the long-term impact of chronic ENG exposure on EFV or NVP concentrations measured before and during 6 months of combined use, and 3) compare side-effect frequencies of the ENG subdermal implant in women not on ART and on concomitant NNRTI-based ART. The results will guide clinicians caring for HIV-infected women on whether using NNRTI-based therapy together with the ENG implant will jeopardize contraceptive efficacy due to a reduction in ENG exposure.
A randomized controlled clinical trial design with 50 subjects (26 Females and 24 males) was carried out in a group of gingivitis patients who underwent periodontal treatment. Subjects were randomly allocated into PHES group (test, n = 25) and standard oral hygiene education group (OHE) (control, n=25). Test group received information about the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases, its consequences, its interaction with systemic diseases and the importance of daily proper cleaning by experienced periodontologist via brochure. Control group received only standard oral hygiene instructions. The Rustogi Modified Navy Plaque index (RMNPI) and papillary bleeding index (PBI) were utilized to evaluate the oral hygiene at baseline and repeated at 1, 3 and 6 months follow-up.

The clinical outcome variables of RMNPI (primary outcome) and PBI (secondary outcome) scores were analysed with Mann Whitney U test. Friedman-Wilcoxon sign ranked test was used for within group comparison. All data were analysed using the Statistical software (SPSS, version 19.0, Chicago, IL, USA). A p-value of \<0.05 was accepted as statistical significance.
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a deadliest gynecological cancer with the highest mortality rate. Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2), a crucial tumor-promoting factor, is over-expressed in several malignancies including OC. The present study aimed to explore the role and mechanisms of MTHFD2 in OC malignant progression. Thus, cell proliferation, cycling, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were evaluated by CCK-8 assay, EdU assay, flow cytometry, wound healing, transwell assay and western blotting. Additionally, glycolysis was assessed by measuring the level of glucose and lactate production, as well as the expressions of GLUT1, HK2 and PKM2. Then the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins and ERK signaling was detected using western blotting. Ferroptosis was detected through the measurement of iron level, GSH, MDA and ROS activities. The results revealed that MTHFD2 was highly expressed in OC cells. Besides, interference with MTHFD2 induced ferroptosis, promoted ROS accumulation, destroyed mitochondrial function, reduced ATP content and inhibited glycolysis in OC cells. Subsequently, we further found that interference with MTHFD2 affected mitochondrial function and glycolysis in OC cells through ERK signaling. Moreover, interference with MTHFD2 affected ferroptosis to inhibit the malignant progression of OC cells. Collectively, our present study disclosed that interference with MTHFD2 induced ferroptosis in OC to inhibit tumor malignant progression through regulating ERK signaling.
Electrolyte deficits, particularly in serum potassium and phosphate, may occur during prolonged use of concentrated dextrose solutions.

Depending on the volume and rate of infusion, the intravenous administration of concentrated dextrose solutions can cause fluid and/or solute overloading resulting in dilution of serum electrolyte concentrations, overhydration, congested states or pulmonary edema. The risk of dilutional states is inversely proportional to the electrolyte concentrations in the administered solution. The risk of solute overload causing congested states with peripheral and pulmonary edema is directly proportional to the electrolyte concentrations in the solution. 

Monitor blood electrolyte levels, correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and administer essential vitamins and minerals as needed. Monitor daily fluid balance.
Paired-like homeobox 2B (PHOX2B) is a gene essential in the development of the autonomic nervous system. PHOX2B mutations are associated with neurocristopathies-Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) and congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS)-and peripheral neuroblastic tumours. PHOXB2 plays an important role in the diagnostics of these conditions.Genotyping of a PHOX2B pathogenic variant is required to establish a diagnosis of CCHS. In HSCR patients, PHOX2B immunohistochemical staining has proven to be a valuable tool in identifying this disease. Furthermore, PHOXB2 is a predisposition gene for neuroblastoma, in which PHOX2B immunohistochemical staining can be used as a highly sensitive and specific diagnostic marker. The utility of PHOX2B immunohistochemistry in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma has also been studied but yields conflicting results.In this review, an overview is given of PHOX2B, its associated diseases and the usefulness of PHOX2B immunohistochemistry as a diagnostic tool.
Diltiazem is an inhibitor of CYP3A4 and has been shown to increase significantly the AUC of some statins. The risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis with statins metabolized by CYP3A4 may be increased with concomitant use of diltiazem. When possible, use a non-CYP3A4-metabolized statin together with diltiazem; otherwise, dose adjustments for both diltiazem and the statin should be considered along with close monitoring for signs and symptoms of any statin related adverse events. 

In a healthy volunteer cross-over study (N = 10), coadministration of a single 20 mg dose of simvastatin at the end of a 14-day regimen with 120 mg BID diltiazem SR resulted in a 5-fold increase in mean simvastatin AUC vs. simvastatin alone. Subjects with increased average steady-state exposures of diltiazem showed a greater fold increase in simvastatin exposure. Computer-based simulations showed that at a daily dose of 480 mg of diltiazem, an 8- to 9-fold mean increase in simvastatin AUC can be expected. If coadministration of simvastatin with diltiazem is required, limit the daily doses of simvastatin to 10 mg and diltiazem to 240 mg. 

In a ten-subject randomized, open-label, 4-way cross-over study, coadministration of diltiazem (120 mg BID diltiazem SR for 2 weeks) with a single 20 mg dose of lovastatin resulted in 3- to 4-fold increase in mean lovastatin AUC and Cmax vs. lovastatin alone. In the same study, there was no significant change in 20 mg single dose pravastatin AUC and Cmax during diltiazem coadministration. Diltiazem plasma levels were not significantly affected by lovastatin or pravastatin.
ERR.gamma. is expressed in bone and cartilage in vivo and osteoblastic and chondrocytic cells in vitro. ERR.gamma.y is a transcriptional activator of an osteoblast-associated osteopontin (OPN) and chondrocyte-associated (Sox9) gene in osteoblasts and chondrocytes respectively. Knockdown of ERR.gamma. expression by antisense oligonucleotide strategies in osteoblastic cell cultures reduces alkaline phosphatase activity. Together these findings indicate that ERR.gamma. is expressed in and plays a functional role in bone and cartilage. The results also indicate that agonists and antagonists of ERR.gamma. may be useful as therapeutic agents in a wide variety of diseases affecting bones and joints.
INTRODUCTION: Headache disorders are the largest contributor to all years lived with disability attributed to neurological disorders. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with 1.2 billion inhabitants, headache prevalence is similar to that of Western countries but with widely inadequate access to care. Cost of transport to healthcare facilities hampers access to care, leading to abandonment and low retention. The aim of this observational study in Malawi was to investigate cost of transport and its likely impact on implementation of WHO's-Intersectoral Global Action Plan (IGAP) in an HIV+ population also complaining of, and requiring treatment for, an active headache disorder.
METHODS: The study was conducted at the Disease Relief through Excellent and Advanced Means (DREAM) centre in Blantyre, Malawi, in collaboration with the Global Campaign against Headache as an extension of a previous study. Enquiries about distance and costs of travel were added to the previously published questionnaire.
RESULTS: We included 495 consecutive HIV+ patients aged 6-65 years who had been followed for at least 1 year. One-year prevalence of any headache was 76.6%; 28.7% missed at least one appointment because of transport costs. Higher costs of transport were associated with higher probability of missing visits (p < 0.001), while costs were higher for those living in rural areas than for those in urban (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Awareness of cost and affordability of transport in SSA may suggest strategies to improve access to headache care. Given the disability attributable to headache, this is necessary if the IGAP strategic objectives and targets are to be achieved.
Azacitidine for injection contains azacitidine, which is a nucleoside metabolic inhibitor. Azacitidine is 4-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one. The structural formula is as follows:

The empirical formula is C8H12N4O5. The molecular weight is 244.20. Azacitidine is a white to off- white powder. Azacitidine was found to be soluble in dimethyl sulphoxide, sparingly soluble in water and insoluble in acetone and ethanol.

The finished product is supplied in a sterile form for reconstitution as a suspension for subcutaneous injection or reconstitution as a solution with further dilution for intravenous infusion. Vials of azacitidine for injection contain 100 mg of azacitidine and 100 mg mannitol as a sterile lyophilized powder.
Acute renal dysfunction/failure, osmotic nephrosis, and death 1,2 may occur upon use of human IGIV products. Ensure that patients are not volume depleted before administering ASCENIV. Periodic monitoring of renal function and urine output is particularly important in patients judged to be at increased risk of developing acute renal failure. 2 Assess renal function, including measurement of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine, before the initial infusion of ASCENIV and at appropriate intervals thereafter. If renal function deteriorates, consider discontinuing ASCENIV (see Patient Counseling Information [17]). In patients who are at risk of developing renal dysfunction, because of pre-existing renal insufficiency or predisposition to acute renal failure (such as diabetes mellitus, hypovolemia, overweight, use of concomitant nephrotoxic medicinal products or age of >65 years), administer ASCENIV at the minimum infusion rate practicable (see Dosage and Administration [2]).
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves applying sanitary treatment of infection foci and organism detoxication by administering smecta or activated carbon for 7-10 days, cholagogue herbs, Mesym forte and Hylak forte for 2-3 weeks. Then, metabolic correction is carried out by means of cocarboxylase No 10 daily, calcium pantothenate and lipoic acid for 20 days. Next, al of them are substituted with pyridoxal phosphate No 10 daily, methyl uracil and Triovit for 3-4 weeks. Metabolism correction being over, immunomodulation is carried out with Bronchomunalum and sodium nucleinate. Ribomunil and Eleutherococcus or Ginseng extraction. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness in repairing immune homeostasis, hemopoiesis and iron metabolism indices; enhanced effectiveness of treatment.
One of the most common complaints in society is headaches. Headaches affect the quality of life of people and communities.The proportion of people who have experienced headaches at least once in their lifetime is more than 90% in society, 93% in men and 99% in women.The causes that are common and cause this discomfort are basically examined under two main groups.These are grouped as 'primary/primary type headaches and secondary/secondary type headaches'. Some studies in literature have reported that temporomandibular dysfunction and headaches are 'comorbid diseases', that the presence of one will increase the symptoms of the other, and that if the temporomandibular joint disorder and headchache occur together, symptoms will shows sooner than expected.Some studies in literature have reported that temporomandibular dysfunction and headaches are 'comorbid diseases', that the presence of one will increase the symptoms of the other, and that if the temporomandibular joint disorder and the tension headaches occur together, it will show symptoms sooner than expected. The International Classification of Headache Disorders decodes the relationship between temporomandibular joint dysfunctions and headache.it is mentioned that as headache attributed to temporomandibular joint disorders. Many common points in studies have shown the Association of temporomandibular dysfunction and tension-type headache. The temporomandibular joint, one of the most complex joints in the body, is a loose joint that harmonizes between the mandibular condyle and the mandibular Fossa of the temporal bone decoction. The skull is the only movable joint between the bones decoction.November: the head and neck are a part of the stomatognathic system (masticatory system), which includes the muscles of the neck, chewing November, teeth-ligaments and salivary glands.Temporomandibular joint disorders are a major problem, covering approximately 5% to 12% of the population.Temporomandibular joint dysfunction leads to headaches, stiffness-pain in the jaw, restriction in jaw movements and stress increases TMD has been noted that the patients have difficulty doing daily life activities. Most Temporomandibular joint problems occur when the muscles around the joint are affected and pain occurs during the movements of the mandible and decreased functional use of the temporomandibular November. The muscles in the cervical region are also responsible for ensuring the stable position of the head, as well as for stabilizing the neck during movements of the jaw November. All November, the muscles in the craniocervical and facial region are connected. Temporomandibular joint dysfunctions (TMED) are more common in people with episodic tension headache (EGBTA) , migraine, and chronic tension headache (KGTBA) than in those without headache. When we look at literature, there are a limited number of studies in patients with Temporomandibular joint dysfunction with tension-type headache. Our study aimed to examine the effectiveness of temporomandibular joint relaxation and myofacial techniques on quality of life , Joint range of motion, headache, depression in individuals with tension type headache.
BACKGROUND: Heterozygous variants of sequestosome-1 gene (SQSTM1) have been reported in patients with various neurological disorders, whereas biallelic pathogenic variants of SQSTM1 can cause child-onset and multisystem neurodegeneration, including cerebellar ataxia, dystonia, and vertical gaze palsy (NADGP). Here, we describe two cases of NADGP in a Japanese family.
METHODS: We performed clinical and genetic laboratory evaluations of the two patients and their healthy parents.
RESULTS: By whole-exome sequencing, we identified compound heterozygous variants in SQSTM1(NM_003900.5): c.1A>G p.(Met1?) in the initial codon, and c.969G>A, located at the 3' end of exon 6, which is novel and seemingly a synonymous but is actually a truncating variant causing aberrant splicing. An SQSTM1 protein expression assay using urine-derived cells (UDCs) demonstrated that both variants (c.1A>G and c.969G>A) were unable to induce normal splicing of premessenger RNA. Cerebellar ataxia is a characteristic manifestation of this disorder; however, brain magnetic resonance imaging studies have not shown significant cerebellar atrophy. Our patients experienced chorea during adolescence.
CONCLUSIONS: Only a few reports have highlighted the presence of chorea; however, our findings suggest that NADGP should be considered as a differential diagnosis of hereditary chorea. This study also demonstrates the utility of UDCs, obtained using noninvasive approaches, in functionally analyzing genetic diseases.
Women at increased risk for breast cancer who are being referred for screening MRI will be offered and consented for CESM at the same time. The 2 examinations will be performed on the same day when at all possible and if not we will make every attempt to perform CESM before MRI. Patients with outside MRI performed within 30 days and of adequate quality will also be eligible for CESM.
Subjects will receive imvotamab via intravenous (IV) infusion every 3 weeks. No longer enrolling.
Hair treatment compsns. are made contg., in a suitable medium for application to the hair, (a) at least one amphoteric polymer with units A and B in the polymer chain, where A is a monomer unit from a monomer contg. at least one basic N atom and B is a unit derived from a monomeric acid contg. one or more carboxylic or sulphonic gps.; or A and B together may be a gp. derived from a zwitterionic carboxybetaine monomer; or A and B may be a cationic polymeric chain contg. sec., tert. or quat. amine gps. in which at least one of the amine gps. carries a carboxyl or sulphonic gp. bound via a hydrocarbon gp.; or A and B form part of a polymer chain with ethylene, alpha,beta-dicarboxylic gps., one of the carboxyl gps. having been reacted with a polyamine carrying one or more prim. or sec. amine gps., and (b) at least one cationic polymer of the polyamine or quat. polyammonium type contg. amine or ammonium gps. in the polymer chain or bound to it. The compsns. are useful in shampoos, lotions, etc., to provide excellent cosmetic properties to the hair, especially softness, freedom from tangling, good body and freedom from static electricity. The compsns. have a good conditioning action on the hair during shampooing, bleaching, dyeing, permanent waving, etc.
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a rare hereditary disorder linked to increased cancer risk due to specific genetic variants in the STK11 gene. This study aimed to assess disease manifestations, genetic profiles, and genotype-phenotype correlations in PJS patients. Twenty patients from 14 families with PJS who were followed up at our clinic between 2011 and 2021 were included. Genetic susceptibility to hereditary cancers was assess-ed using targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) of the STK11 gene. Clinical data were also collected and analyzed in conjunction with the genetic findings. Initial symptoms appeared around 18.9 years, predominantly abdominal pain and intussusception. Mucocutaneous lesions were found in 85%, and hamartomatous polyps in 90%. Dysplastic polyps were found in 4 patients, with 3 cases of malignancy. Nextgeneration sequencing identified 11 pathogenic and 3 likely pathogenic mutations, including 3 novel STK11 variants (LRG_319: c.598- 8_601del, LRG_319: c.708_718del, and LRG_319: c.146_147del). Next-generation sequencing diagnostic rate was 78.5% (11/14), and the overall diagnostic rate with NGS and MLPA studies was 85.7% (12/14). Patients without STK11 mutations had later symptom onset and potentially lower cancer risk. Truncated mutations are associated with earlier symptoms and elevated cancer risk. This is the first PJS case series in Turkey using the NGS and MLPA methods. It reports 3 novel mutations and emphasizes the genotype-phenotype relationship of PJS. With further studies, the genotype-phenotype relationship of STK11 variants will be better understood.
Overweight and obesity affect 71.2% of adults in the United States, with cancer survivors not far behind at 70.3%. Subgroups such as those diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) face even greater challenges. The Exercise and Quality Diet after Leukemia (EQUAL) trial sought to address weight management issues among ALL survivors by implementing a remotely delivered weight loss intervention, leveraging the previously proven Practice-based Opportunities for Weight Reduction (POWER) program. Despite a strong foundation and design, the EQUAL trial yielded null results. Key differences in study populations and intervention contexts between the EQUAL and POWER trials, such as the lack of primary care physician involvement in EQUAL, contributed to these outcomes. EQUAL's failure to meet its accrual target and poor adherence among participants highlighted challenges in engaging this unique population. Contrary to EQUAL's conclusions, evidence from other studies supports the efficacy of remote interventions for weight loss among cancer survivors. The lack of qualitative assessment among ALL survivors and key integration to inform intervention adaptations undermined EQUAL's impact. However, EQUAL's impressive retention rate offers valuable insights. Lessons from EQUAL underscore the need for well-fitted, remotely delivered interventions and the importance of thoughtfully adapted and tailored approaches to specific survivor populations. See related article by Fiedmann et al., p. 1158.