anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Cryoablation has become a valuable treatment modality for the management of liver cancer. However, one of the major challenges in cryosurgery is the incomplete cryodestruction near the edge of the iceball. This issue can be addressed by optimizing cryoablation parameters and administering thermotropic drugs prior to the procedure. These drugs help enhance tumor response, thereby strengthening the destruction of the incomplete frozen zone in liver cance. In the present study, the feasibility and effectiveness of a thermophysical agent, KCl solution, were investigated to enhance the cryodestruction of HepG2 human liver cancer cells. All cryoablation parameters were simultaneously optimized in order to significantly improve the effect of cryoablation, resulting in an increase in the lethal temperature from - 25 °C to - 17 °C. Subsequently, it was found that the application of KCl solution prior to freezing significantly decreased cell viability post-thaw compared to cryoablation treatment alone. This effect was attributed to the eutectic effect of KCl solution. Importantly, it was found that the combination of KCl solution and freezing was less effective when applied to LO2 human liver normal cells. The data revealed that the ratio of mRNA levels of Bcl-2 and bax decreased significantly more in HepG2 cells than in LO2 cells when cryoablation was used with KCl solution. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of KCl solution in promoting cryoablation and describe a novel therapeutic model for the treatment of liver cancer that may distinguish between cancer and normal cells.
The invention discloses a Rheum emodi Wall. extract and its preparing method. The invention provides an extract of a Polygonaceae Rheum undulatum group plant Rheum emodi Wall., and the extract is obtained by subjecting Rheum emodi Wall. to ethanol percolation extraction and ethanol elution in order. The extract then undergoes petroleum ether extraction, ethyl acetate extraction, polyamide column chromatography, ethanol gradient elution, ethyl acetate extraction, silica-gel column chromatography, as well as chloroform-methanol gradient elution, thus finally obtaining a new compound 3, 5, 3', 4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-4'-O-beta-D-glucoside. The compound has antioxidation, free radical scavenging, antitumor, cholesterol lowering, atherosclerosis inhibiting, liver protection, vasodilation and other biological activities, and can be applied in development of related drugs. The extract preparation method disclosed in the invention uses conventional instruments and equipment, and has technological conditions easy to satisfy and control, thus being suitable for industrial production of the Rheum emodi Wall. extract.
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a syndrome that results from the accumulation of lipoproteinaceous material in the alveolar space. According to the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms, three different forms have been identified, namely primary, secondary and congenital. Primary PAP is caused by disruption of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) signalling due to the presence of neutralising autoantibodies (autoimmune PAP) or GM-CSF receptor genetic defects (hereditary PAP), which results in dysfunctional alveolar macrophages with reduced phagocytic clearance of particles, cholesterol and surfactant. The serum level of GM-CSF autoantibody is the only disease-specific biomarker of autoimmune PAP, although it does not correlate with disease severity. In PAP patients with normal serum GM-CSF autoantibody levels, elevated serum GM-CSF levels is highly suspicious for hereditary PAP. Several biomarkers have been correlated with disease severity, although they are not specific for PAP. These include lactate dehydrogenase, cytokeratin 19 fragment 21.1, carcinoembryonic antigen, neuron-specific enolase, surfactant proteins, Krebs von Lungen 6, chitinase-3-like protein 1 and monocyte chemotactic proteins. Finally, increased awareness of the disease mechanisms has led to the development of pathogenesis-based treatments, such as GM-CSF augmentation and cholesterol-targeting therapies.
BACKGROUND: Neonatal sepsis is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, long hospital stays and high cost of care, thereby inflicting a burden on health care systems. Oral care with breast milk has been shown to modify the intestinal tract microbiota and immune system. Herein, we attempted to identify probiotics that may be beneficial to prevent or treat neonatal sepsis.
METHODS: This was a secondary analysis comparing the microbiota during oropharyngeal care in very-low-birth-weight infants with and without clinical sepsis. Oral samples were collected before oral feeding was initiated. The primary outcome was oral microbiota composition including diversity, relative abundance and linear discriminant analysis effect size.
RESULTS: Sixty-three neonates, including 39 and 24 with and without clinical sepsis, respectively, were enrolled. The medians gestational age and birth weight were 29 (27-30) weeks and 1010 (808-1263) g. Neonates with clinical sepsis had lower gestational age, birth weight (both P < 0.001) and lower rate of oral care with breast milk ( P = 0.03), but higher doses and days of antibiotic exposure (both P < 0.001) compared to neonates without clinical sepsis. No differences in alpha and beta diversities were found between groups and Streptococcus agalactiae was the most common bacteria in both groups. Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis revealed that neonates without clinical sepsis had significantly higher abundances of order Bdellovibrionales, family Bdellovibrionaceae, genus Bdellovibrio and genus Rheinheimera .
CONCLUSIONS: Neonates without clinical sepsis had a significantly greater abundance of the Bdellovibrio and Rheinheimera genera.
Provided herein are systems and methods for analyzing clinical trial data using a randomized test that follows a randomized design of clinical trials. In particular, a non-parametric analyzer and associated method for analyzing clinical data that implements randomized testing is provided. The non-parametric analyzer receives clinical trial data comprising a data structure containing data corresponding to subjects in a clinical trial, wherein the subjects have been organized into treatment groups, including at least one control group. The non-parametric analyzer generates a plurality of treatment assignments for the data structure by randomly reorganizing the subjects and corresponding data to generate more groups. In some embodiments, the non-parametric analyzer determines the statistical significance based on the overall probability and a plurality of allocations of the data structure. The overall probabilities may be generated via combinatorial analysis for comparing test statistics between the set of data structures and the plurality of allocations.
Disclosed herein are bi- and tri-functional fusion proteins comprising two or more of an activin antagonist domain, a ???ß antagonist domain, and an immune checkpoint antagonist domain. In addition, the disclosure provides methods of treating cancer, a tumor, a pre -neoplastic disorder, a hyperproliferative disorder, or a dysplastic disorder comprising administering a bi- or tri-functional fusion protein comprising two or more of an activin antagonist domain, a ???ß antagonist domain, and an immune checkpoint antagonist domain. Optionally, such methods further comprise administering an additional active agent or supportive therapy for treating the cancer, a tumor, a pre-neoplastic disorder, a hyperproliferative disorder, or a dysplastic disorder.
The invention discloses a medicine fasudil hydrochloride composition water injection for treating the cerebrovascular disease and belongs to the technical field of medicines. The composition is composed of fasudil hydrochloride and calcium chloride. The fasudil hydrochloride is a crystal. An X-ray powder diffraction pattern obtained through measurement by means of Cu-K alpha ray is shown in a figure 1. The novel crystal form of the fasudil hydrochloride is different from a crystal form structure in the prior art. According to experimental verification, it is found that the novel crystal-form compound is high in purity, good in mobility and stability, low in impurity content, not prone to moisture absorption, capable of being clinically applied, safe and reliable, and the water injection obtained by means of the new crystal-form compound is simple in component, good in stability and quite suitable for clinic application.
There are 3.2 million persons in the United States chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) with a 1-2.4% prevalence during pregnancy. The recent October 2014 approval of the fixed dose combination, containing the NS5B polymerase inhibitor sofosbuvir (SOF) 90 mg and the NS5A inhibitor ledipasvir (LDV) 400mg, marked a new era of IFN and ribavirin free, directly acting antiviral treatment for HCV. A 12 week treatment course of LDV/SOF resulted in a 99% cure rate when given as a once-a-day oral pill. Based on the animal model data submitted to the FDA, this drug combination was given a pregnancy category B designation, even though there is currently no experience with LDV/SOF in pregnant women.

Pregnancy is a time when women are uniquely motivated to engage in activities which are geared toward improvement of their own health and ensuring the health of their unborn child. As such, pregnant women have frequent prenatal care visits; and health care interventions, such as antiviral therapy and monitoring, can be easily integrated into the existing healthcare infrastructure of prenatal care. The benefits of HCV treatment are numerous, including prevention of severe liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver transplantation, as well as improvements physical, emotional and social health. The most recent guidelines by the Infectious Disease Society of America recommend that all HCV-infected persons receive treatment. The antenatal period represents an ideal window of opportunity for treatment of HCV in pregnancy due to increased antenatal health care utilization and prevention of perinatal transmission of HCV to the infant.

Safe administration of drugs in pregnancy may require dose adjustment due to the pregnancy-induced physiologic alternations. Therefore, careful pharmacokinetic (PK) evaluation is a critical first step to ensure safe administration of drugs to both the mother and the developing fetus. This is a single-arm, single-center, open label Phase 1 evaluation of the PK and safety of treating HCV with a 12 week course of LDV/SOF in 15 HCV-infected pregnant women. Therapy will be initiated at approximately 24 weeks of gestation. In this study we will determine: 1) if the PK of the LDV and SOF are similar in pregnancy as compared to those in nonpregnant women, 2) if the viral response to LDV/SOF treatment in pregnancy is similar to that observed in nonpregnant women, and 3) if there are any initial maternal or neonatal safety concerns detected with antenatal LDV/SOF administration compared with HCV-infected historical controls delivered at our institution. From the findings of this study, future studies will seek to optimize the dose, gestational age timing and treatment duration of LDV/SOF during pregnancy. Antenatal HCV treatment will improve maternal health, prevent further HCV transmission in the community and perinatal HCV transmission to the child, and thus enhance the long-term health of two generations.
Trans-femoral intervention: will be performed according to institutional guidelines and established local practice. Access closure devices are allowed as per local practice. Unfractionated heparin (UFH) (100 IU/kg with no glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor (GPI) and 60 IU/kg with a GPI); +/- routine or bail out eptifibatide (two 180 μg /kg boluses with a 10 minute interval followed by an infusion of 2.0 μg /kg/min for 72-96 hours) or tirofiban (25 μg/kg followed by an infusion of 0.15 μg/kg/min for 18 to 24 hours) or abciximab (bolus of 0.25 mg/kg followed by an infusion of 0.125 μg/kg/min for 12-24 hours (maximum dose, 10 μg/min).
In one or more implementations, the present application includes a system and method to classify user activity. A passive tracking device, a processor configured to receive information from the tracking device, and a database are disclosed, in which the database is accessible by the processor and stores tracking device information, user profile information and external information. The processor is configured to execute instructions that cause the processor to perform various steps, such as to define a first activity unit having a first start time that corresponds to detection of the user being engaged in an activity, and monitor the tracking device information, the external information or both. The processor is further configured to establish a first end time of the first activity unit using the monitored information, and automatically ascribe a classification of the first activity unit. The classification of the first activity unit is output to a display of a computing device, and the classification of the first activity unit is stored in the database. Moreover, a user interface is provided that includes selectable options associated with the first activity unit. Thereafter, in response to at least a received selection of at least one of the selectable options, the classification is revised by: joining the first activity unit and a second activity unit having a second start time and a second end time, such that the revised classification has a start time equal to the first start time and an end time equal to the second end time. Further, the first activity unit is merged with a second activity unit having a second start time and a second end time, such that the revised classification has a start time equal to the first start time and an end time equal to the second end time. Alternatively, the first activity unit is divided into at least two activity units, each of at least two activity units having a different respective start time and a different respective end time. The revised classification is output to a display of a computing device, the revised classification is stored in the database.
A system and method for speech therapy is provided that includes a mobile device, a server and a web-client. The mobile device captures and processes voice signals analyzed locally and on the server and from which a speech therapy is coordinated and delivered. The web-client through interaction with the mobile device and through the server implements a speech therapy that can be monitored and managed thereon through specified clinical moderation. The web-client also provides an alternative method to capture and transmit voice signals to the server for analysis and from which a speech therapy is coordinated and delivered. Speech therapy management can implement therapy procedures, guidelines and one-to-one communication sessions between users and providers in a non-clinical setting in real-time or at scheduled times. Other embodiments are disclosed.
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a lethal, autosomal recessive, lysosomal storage disorder characterized by neurodegeneration in early childhood and death in adolescence. The causative genes NPC1 (about 95% of cases) and NPC2 (about 5% of cases) are involved in the intracellular trafficking of lipids and cholesterol. Mutations on either of these genes lead to progressive accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and other lipids in the central nervous system (CNS). Vorinostat is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that has been shown in vivo to increase mutant NPC1 protein levels and to reverse cellular accumulation of unesterified cholesterol. Vorinostat has been labeled by the FDA for treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. In this Phase I, non-randomized, open-label, single-center study, we plan to study whether Vorinostat can be repurposed to treat patients with NPC1. Our primary objective is to determine the safety and tolerability of Vorinostat in NPC1 disease. Our secondary objectives will be to determine biochemical efficacy of Vorinostat to increase expression of NPC1 protein and normalize lipid and protein biomarkers. This study will enroll up to 12 NPC1 patients and test the safety of two dose levels (200 and 400 mg). Drug will be administered on a 3 days on/4 days off schedule for 3 months at each dose level. Patients will be evaluated at the NIH Clinical Center at 0, 3 and 6 months. Safety will be assessed by adverse events (AEs), clinical laboratory tests and physical examinations. Biochemical efficacy will be assessed by measurement of serum and cerebral spinal fluid biomarkers. Clinical efficacy will be evaluated by audiologic testing, assessment ataxia, and swallowing studies.
This protocol examines the neurobiology of fear and anxiety using various approaches. During fear conditioning in which a phasic explicit cue (e.g., a light) is repeatedly associated with an aversive unconditioned stimulus (e.g., a shock), the organism develops fear to the explicit cue as well as to the environmental context in which the experiment took place. Experimental evidence suggests that cued fear and contextual fear model different aspects of anxiety. Studies in patients indicated that contextual fear may model an aspect that is especially relevant to anxiety disorders. However, the neural basis for the expression of contextual fear has not previously been elucidated in human imaging studies. One important determinant of contextual fear is predictability: contextual fear increases when a threat (e.g., electric shock) is unpredictable, as opposed to when the threat is predictable. The aim of this study is to compare the neural substrates underlying fear evoked by predictable versus unpredictable shocks. Animal studies have indicated that conditioned responses to predictably cued threat and to less explicit threat are separate processes mediated by distinct brain structures. Psychophysiological data suggest that the proposed procedure can differentiate between these two responses. Hence, we anticipate that this procedure will allow us to compare brain correlates of these responses in humans. Another objective is to study effects of threat of shock on processing and learning of threat cues in the amygdala, the visual and auditory systems, and motivation/reward systems. This will be investigated by means of event-related magneto-encephalography (MEG) and fMRI measurements using various paradigms. Finally, a last project will examine how pharmacologic manipulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels with the benzodiazepine alprazolam affects the relationship between GABA concentration (quantified with magnetic resonance spectroscopy, MRS), visual- and auditory-induced gamma oscillations (measured with MEG), and fMRI BOLD response.
The present invention relates to a composition for inhibiting quorum sensing, containing a Zingiber mioga (Thunb.) Roscoe extract as an active ingredient. According to the present invention, the Zingiber mioga (Thunb.) Roscoe extract is not toxic, and has inhibitory activity on quorum sensing which impedes communication between microorganisms, thereby effectively blocking the propagation of microorganisms and the formation of biofilms. Thus, the composition of the present invention can be diversely used in medical instruments and various domestic appliances required for blocking infection by microorganisms or preventing the formation of biofilms. The composition also can be useful as an antimicrobial, a feed additive, and a treatment agent for diseases caused by microorganisms.
Hippocampal lesions, including synaptic failure, are a defining pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie hippocampal synaptic injury in this neurodegenerative disorder have yet not been fully elucidated. In Current therapeutic efforts for the treatment of AD are not effective in correcting hippocampal synaptic deficits. It is disclosed that the interaction with amyloid beta (Aβ) induces dysfunction of growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR1α; ghrelin receptor), leading to suppressed GHSR1α regulation of hippocampal dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1) in AD hippocampi. The modulation of DRD1 by GHSR1α impacts hippocampal synaptic plasticity. The simultaneous application of a selective GHSR1α agonist and a selective DRD1 agonist mitigates Aβ-induced hippocampal synaptic injury and improves spatial memory in AD mouse models. These data reveal a novel mechanism of hippocampal vulnerability in AD and that the combined activation of GHSR1α and DRD1 provides a new avenue for the pharmaceutical treatment of AD.
For a one-year period, descriptive data on all inpatients with age \> 18 years, discharged from Ndera Hospital the only inpatient psychiatric hospital in Rwanda, will be collected from files. The descriptive data includes diagnosis, duration of hospitalization, medication, addiction, insurance, Somatic- and psychiatric comorbidity, referral pathways, employment status, number of previous hospitalizations. To the investigators' knowledge, there is no descriptive data on psychiatric inpatients in the country of Rwanda. Therefore, this. Information will be crucial for understanding the service provision at the referral hospitals and the accessibility to intensive mental health care in Rwanda. The data will be anonymized and recorded - this ensures the data cannot be linked to anyone subject which supplied it.
We aimed to investigate the relationship between the volume reduction in hippocampal (HP) subregions and cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Clinical, cognitive, and magnetic resonance imaging data were obtained for 315 participants. The CSVD group included 146 participants with a total CSVD score of 1-4. 169 participants with a total CSVD score of zero were used as control group (CSVD-0). The volume differences of 19 HP subregions between CSVD and CSVD-0 groups were analyzed, and we investigated the hazard factors that might cause subregional volume reduction in HP. Mediation analysis was performed to detect the relationship among HP subregional volumes, CSVD burden, and cognitive function. In our results, significant differences can be found in the volumes of CA4 body, presubiculum-head, presubiculum-body, subiculum-body, GC-ML-DG-head, GC-ML-DG-body, fimbria, and HP tail between CSVD group and control group. Regression analysis showed that fimbria was the most impacted HP subregion by CSVD. And mediation analysis revealed fimbria volume was a mediator variable between total CSVD score and MoCA/SCWT score. These results suggest that the volumes of HP subregions, especially the fimbria, may be effective potential biomarkers for early detecting cognitive impairment in CSVD.
Participants will be placed on this arm for a total of 14 ± 5 days from Visit 2. Participants will be using the trial full-face mask during this treatment arm. Participants on the extension will use for a further six months after Visit 3.