anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Introduction. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease and is the result of the interaction between numerous external and internal factors. Psoriasis presents a wide range of skin manifestations encompassing individual lesions varying from pinpoint to large plaques that can evolve into generalised forms. The lesions mirror the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in psoriasis pathogenesis, such as inflammation, dysregulation of immune response, uncontrolled proliferation of keratinocytes and angiogenesis. In this article, we present the latest advances achieved regarding markers that correlate with psoriasis severity. Material and method. We have performed a narrative review on markers of psoriasis severity, including articles published between March 2018-March 2023. Results. We have identified four categories of markers: inflammation markers, oxidative stress markers, hormonal markers and cancer-related markers. The main focus was on inflammation biomarkers, including immunomodulatory molecules, haematological parameters, inflammatory cells and costimulatory molecules. Conclusions. The analysed data indicate that markers associated with inflammation, oxidative stress and hormones, and cancer-related markers could be useful in assessing the severity of psoriasis. Nevertheless, additional research is required to ascertain the practical importance of these biomarkers in clinical settings.
High-density electrocorticography (ECoG) is a state-of-the-art technique with fine spatial and temporal resolutions that are well suited for studying the neural dynamics of speech. This study proposes to assess speech production in patients who are undergoing high-density ECoG recording to carry out clinical procedures for indications related to their medical condition. The research study team will investigate neural signals correlated with speech stopping using speech production and stopping tasks with visual cues. Electrical stimulation routinely used for language mapping will also be applied to test the causal effect on speech behavior in brain areas found to be activated during the speech tasks. The research study team will compare effects on neural activity and behavior within each individual subject and identify common patterns of activity across subjects. The aims of this study seek to define the premotor signal for the control of speech stopping (Aim 1), determine the effect of stop activity on articulatory control during stopping (Aim 2), and determine the role of the premotor network for stopping in conversation contexts (Aim 3). These aims will provide basic knowledge for the precise control of speech stopping and the control of speech timing in general, bridging the current speech production studies to real-world communication conditions, and help inspire new theories of speech motor control.
Background/Objectives: Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), but its outcome can be affected by urological complications, with incidence rates of 2.5-25%. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of urological complications and their management in a cohort of pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis on 178 patients who received a renal transplant at our Pediatric Kidney Transplant Center between 2011 and 2023 was conducted. Demographic and clinical data were analyzed. Urological complications were categorized as early, intermediate, or late based on their onset time. Results: Out of 178 patients, 28 (15.7%) experienced urological complications. Most patients (61%) had a pre-existing uropathy. Early complications (7-30 days) were all obstructive, namely, ureterovesical junction obstruction and perirenal collections. Intermediate complications (1-3 months) comprised ureteral stenosis, symptomatic vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), and obstructive lymphocele. Late complications (>3 months) included symptomatic VUR and ureteral stenosis, with one case leading to ureteral rupture. Early complications were often detected due to acute graft dysfunction, while late ones were mainly identified during routine clinical, laboratory, or ultrasound follow-up. Urological complications requiring surgical or endoscopic therapy were 13.4%. Most ureteral stenoses were treated with initial endoscopic stents, followed by definitive surgery. VUR was treated with endoscopic correction with a high success rate (75%), while open surgery was reserved for cases where initial treatments failed or complications recurred. No clear correlations were found between patient characteristics and risk of urological complication. Urological complications required multiple diagnostic procedures and therapeutic interventions (+2.5 admissions in mean and approximately +EUR 24,000) compared to an uncomplicated post-transplant course. However, they did not significantly impact transplant outcomes, with a graft survival rate comparable to that of the control group. Conclusions: Regular post-transplant follow-up is crucial, especially for patients with known risk factors, to allow for timely detection and treatment of urological complications, avoiding detrimental effects on graft function and improving transplantation outcomes.
Orthostatic intolerance (OI), including postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (PoTS) and orthostatic hypotension (OH), are often reported in long covid, but published studies are small with inconsistent results. We sought to estimate the prevalence of objective OI in patients attending long covid clinics and healthy volunteers and associations with OI symptoms and comorbidities. Participants with a diagnosis of long covid were recruited from eight UK long covid clinics, and healthy volunteers from general population. All undertook standardized National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lean Test (NLT). Participants' history of typical OI symptoms (e.g., dizziness, palpitations) before and during the NLT were recorded. Two hundred seventy-seven long covid patients and 50 frequency-matched healthy volunteers were tested. Healthy volunteers had no history of OI symptoms or symptoms during NLT or PoTS, 10% had asymptomatic OH. One hundred thirty (47%) long covid patients had previous history of OI symptoms and 144 (52%) developed symptoms during the NLT. Forty-one (15%) had an abnormal NLT, 20 (7%) met criteria for PoTS, and 21 (8%) had OH. Of patients with an abnormal NLT, 45% had no prior symptoms of OI. Relaxing the diagnostic thresholds for PoTS from two consecutive abnormal readings to one abnormal reading during the NLT, resulted in 11% of long covid participants (an additional 4%) meeting criteria for PoTS, but not in healthy volunteers. More than half of long covid patients experienced OI symptoms during NLT and more than one in 10 patients met the criteria for either PoTS or OH, half of whom did not report previous typical OI symptoms. We therefore recommend all patients attending long covid clinics are offered an NLT and appropriate management commenced.
Menopause is a normal stage in the human female aging process characterized by the cessation of menstruation and the ovarian production of estrogen and progesterone hormones. Menopause is associated with an increased risk of several different diseases. Cardiovascular diseases are generally less common in females than in age-matched males. However, this female advantage is lost after menopause. Cardiac hypertrophy is a disease characterized by increased cardiac size that develops as a response to chronic overload or stress. Similar to other cardiovascular diseases, the risk of cardiac hypertrophy significantly increases after menopause. However, the exact underlying mechanisms are not yet fully elucidated. Several studies have shown that surgical or chemical induction of menopause in experimental animals is associated with cardiac hypertrophy, or aggravates cardiac hypertrophy induced by other stressors. Arachidonic acid (AA) released from the myocardial phospholipids is metabolized by cardiac cytochrome P450 (CYP), cyclooxygenase (COX), and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes to produce several eicosanoids. AA-metabolizing enzymes and their respective metabolites play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy. Menopause is associated with changes in the cardiovascular levels of CYP, COX, and LOX enzymes and the levels of their metabolites. It is possible that these changes might play a role in the increased risk of cardiac hypertrophy after menopause.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to salts formed by ranitidine an bismuth chelate with carboxylic acid and their solvates. The following carboxylic acids can be used: citric acid, tartaric acid and agaricic acid. Salts can be used for treatment patients with gastroenteric disorders, in part, that of stomach and duodenal. Salts show antisecretory activity that is typical for ranitidine in combination with bactericidal activity with respect to Helicobacter pylori and cytoprotective property also. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of salts. 9 cl, 12 ex
Subjects will receive a single 30 minute intravenous (IV) infusion of AGS15E once weekly for 3 weeks of every 4 weeks (Days 1, 8, and 15). A cycle is 4 weeks.
RTW is one of the main rehabilitation outcomes after injury, the loss of the ability to work may have psychological as well as economic impact on the injured person. Time off work is also a burden to the economic system, associated with loss of work days, sick leave and national insurance payment. Hand injury can cause limitations in function, therefore influence the ability to work. Review of the literature reveals that time off work after hand injury ranges from a few days to a year and more. Factors associated with time off work include medical, socio-economic and psychosocial factors. Only a few studies have been conducted in Israel to investigate rate of RTW after hand injury and factors that affect RTW . The aim of this study is to explore the extent of RTW after traumatic hand injury and to examine the relationship between several factors - medical, demographic and psychosocial and RTW. This, in order to identify prognostic factors that can be treated during rehabilitation. There is no preliminary hypothesis made about the relationships between the factors and RTW. This study is also retrospective and prospective since it examine individuals under-going occupational therapy treatment and individuals who have been treated in the past.
Anticholinergic (AC) drugs are commonly prescribed to older adults for treating diseases and chronic conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, urinary incontinence, gastrointestinal disorder, or simply pain and allergy. The high prevalence of AC drug use can have a detrimental effect on the mental health of older adults. We aim to improve the prediction of future trends of AC drug use at the individual level, with pharmacy refill data. The individual drug use data presents challenges in the modeling, such as data being discrete-valued with excess zeros and having significant unobserved heterogeneity in the trend pattern. To address these challenges, we propose a statistical model of hierarchical structure and an EM scheme for the model parameter estimation. We evaluate the proposed modeling approach through a numerical study with synthetic data and a case study with real-world pharmacy refill data. The simulation study show that our analysis method outperforms the existing ones (e.g., reducing MSE significantly), particularly in terms of accurately predicting the trend pattern. The real-world case study further verifies the out-performance and demonstrate the advantageous features of our method. We expect the prediction tool developed based on our study can assist pharmacists' decision on initiating or strengthening behavioral interventions with the hope of discontinuing AC drug misuse.
Control - usual practice; participants in this arm will be informed that the project is aimed at an economic evaluation of costs associated with usual patterns of office-based routines among desk-based workers. The measurements for both CG and IG will be taken at four times (baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months).
Intracranial pressure and cerebral edema monitoring are widely employed modalities of neurological assessment in neurocritical care patients globally. However, uncertainties remain regarding the prognostic value of invasive and noninvasive intracranial pressure monitoring and cerebral edema monitoring techniques on neurological function in patients with both traumatic and non-traumatic brain injuries. Additionally, clinical practices for these modalities vary significantly in patients with extensive cerebral hemorrhage. This study aims to determine whether continuous ambulatory monitoring of intracranial pressure, administered postoperatively to patients with large-volume cerebral hemorrhage, can enhance overall prognosis by guiding adjustments in brain-specific therapeutic intensity and reducing early mortality within 14 days. The study is designed as a prospective, open-label, randomized, controlled, multi-center trial with a sample size estimated based on the efficacy observed in prior research, encompassing approximately 190 cases across 15-20 clinical institutions in China experienced in treating large-volume cerebral hemorrhage. The study population consists of patients diagnosed with significant supraventricular cerebral hemorrhage (≥30 ml, based on the Coniglobus formula) via CT examination within 48 hours of symptom onset. Informed consent was obtained from patients who met the eligibility criteria. Ethical risks associated with high-volume cerebral hemorrhage were mitigated by offering surgical treatment (either open debridement flap or endoscopic hematoma removal) in accordance with established guidelines and consideration of the patient\'s condition, the physician\'s judgment, and the family\'s preferences. Enrolled participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the invasive intracranial pressure monitoring group or the imaging-clinical examination (ICE) group. All relevant research organizations and personnel will adhere to the Declaration of Helsinki and the Chinese Standards of Good Clinical Practice. This trial has received approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) and Ethics Committee (EC) of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University.
BACKGROUND: Surgery for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma involves dissecting lymph nodes along the recurrent laryngeal nerve. This is technically challenging and injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve may lead to vocal cord palsy, which increases the risk of pulmonary complications. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of robot-assisted oesophagectomy (RAO) versus video-assisted thoracoscopic oesophagectomy (VAO) for dissection of lymph nodes along the left RLN.
METHODS: Patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma who were scheduled for minimally invasive McKeown oesophagectomy were allocated randomly to RAO or VAO, stratified by centre. The primary endpoint was the success rate of left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node dissection. Success was defined as the removal of at least one lymph node without causing nerve damage lasting longer than 6 months. Secondary endpoints were perioperative and oncological outcomes.
RESULTS: From June 2018 to March 2022, 212 patients from 3 centres in Asia were randomized, and 203 were included in the analysis (RAO group 103; VAO group 100). Successful left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node dissection was achieved in 88.3% of the RAO group and 69% of the VAO group (P < 0.001). The rate of removal of at least one lymph node according to pathology was 94.2% for the RAO and 86% for the VAO group (P = 0.051). At 1 week after surgery, the RAO group had a lower incidence of left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy than the VAO group (20.4 versus 34%; P = 0.029); permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy rates at 6 months were 5.8 and 20% respectively (P = 0.003). More mediastinal lymph nodes were dissected in the RAO group (median 16 (i.q.r. 12-22) versus 14 (10-20); P = 0.035). Postoperative complication rates were comparable between the two groups and there were no in-hospital deaths.
CONCLUSION: In patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, RAO leads to more successful left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node dissection than VAO, including a lower rate of short- and long-term recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. Registration number: NCT03713749 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: declared group of inventions refers to diagnosing the various types of dementia. What is disclosed is a diagnostic composition for the differential diagnosis to differentiate Alzheimer's disease and Lewy body dementia and Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia, which comprises a radionuclide marked pharmaceutically acceptable amount of Technepin, Fluoratec, TROTEK-1 TRODAT-1, Altropane, Dopascan or DatScan. These compounds are useful for performing Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), and can penetrate through the blood-brain barrier and to associate with a dopamine transporter (DAT). There are also declared a method of data collection for the differential diagnosis and a differential diagnostic technique enabling differentiating Alzheimer's disease and Lewy body dementia and Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. These methods and techniques involve administering to a human or animal a radionuclide marked pharmaceutically acceptable amount of TRODAT-1, altropane, or Dopascan or Datscan, measuring the cerebral distribution of said compound by SPECT 1-10 minutes after the injection, and measuring the association of said compound with a DAT 3-4 hours after administering Dopascan or Datscan, and 15-45 minutes after administering TRODAT-1 or Altropane. The differential diagnostic technique additionally involves comparing the produced results to the related control subject and identifying the specific type of dementia.EFFECT: what is suggested is the diagnostic composition for the differential diagnosis of the various types of dementia.8 cl, 1 tbl
Poor sleep health is associated with increased all-cause mortality and incidence of many chronic conditions. Previous studies have relied on cross-sectional and self-reported survey data or polysomnograms, which have limitations with respect to data granularity, sample size and longitudinal information. Here, using objectively measured, longitudinal sleep data from commercial wearable devices linked to electronic health record data from the All of Us Research Program, we show that sleep patterns, including sleep stages, duration and regularity, are associated with chronic disease incidence. Of the 6,785 participants included in this study, 71% were female, 84% self-identified as white and 71% had a college degree; the median age was 50.2 years (interquartile range = 35.7, 61.5) and the median sleep monitoring period was 4.5 years (2.5, 6.5). We found that rapid eye movement sleep and deep sleep were inversely associated with the odds of incident atrial fibrillation and that increased sleep irregularity was associated with increased odds of incident obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. Moreover, J-shaped associations were observed between average daily sleep duration and hypertension, major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. These findings show that sleep stages, duration and regularity are all important factors associated with chronic disease development and may inform evidence-based recommendations on healthy sleeping habits.
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) presents as a hypercoagulable state, of which thromboembolism (TE) is a well-known life-threatening complication. Although TE is more likely to occur in venous vessels than arterial vessels, arterial TE is important because it may cause after-effects, including tissue necrosis and cerebral infarction (CI); therefore, prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are required. We report a pediatric NS case with multiple CIs.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 14-year-7-month-old Japanese girl was diagnosed with frequent relapsing NS, accompanied by headache and disturbance of consciousness during the second relapse. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and four-dimensional computed tomography revealed multiple CIs, vasogenic edema, and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). The patient had no underlying thrombophilia other than hypercoagulability due to NS and prednisolone (PSL), and no cardiac arrhythmia; however, a right-to-left shunt through the patent foramen ovale (PFO) was observed with the Valsalva maneuver by echocardiography. Therefore, we assumed that a potential cause of multiple CIs might be an embolic stroke, caused by thrombosis formed from a hypercoagulable state due to NS and PSL treatment and reached through PFO. Antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies were administered for TE. She was treated with PSL and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) for NS. Rituximab (RTX) was administered to prevent NS relapse after complete remission (CR). She underwent transcatheter PFO closure at age 14 years and 9 months because we considered that the right-to-left shunt through the PFO would be one of the risks for recurrent cerebral embolism when NS relapses. One year after the onset of CIs, an MRI indicated that the CVST had resolved, leaving no neurological sequelae due to CI; therefore, anticoagulant therapy was discontinued. And then she has been in CR for NS with only MMF therapy.
CONCLUSIONS: CI is a serious complication in patients with NS. The pathogenesis of multiple CIs is various, including right-to-left shunt through PFO, in addition to the hypercoagulability due to NS. It is important to investigate and manage underlying risks such as PFO, besides preventing the relapses of NS by aggressive treatments using MMF and RTX, in patients with NS.
BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is well known to cause a multitude of clinical manifestations, from mild to severe bloodstream infections that could lead to death. Infections are common, either in community-acquired or hospital-acquired settings, and treatment remains a challenge due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The pathogenesis of S. aureus is mediated by several cell-surface and secreted virulence factors. The virulence factors discussed in this study are Panton-Valentine leucocidin ( pvl) and exfoliative toxin A ( eta). Identifying both pvl and eta gene may help in studying bacterial pathogenesis and biology thus creating possible therapeutic pathway or intervention.Our pilot study aimed to observe pvl and eta as virulence gene prevalence in a North Sumatera tertiary referral health center.
METHODS: Our study was a descriptive-analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design in which we collected isolates over a single time period. The frequency of genes is reported as a percentage comparison between MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA). Qualitative gene prevalence analysis was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
RESULTS: Our results showed that from 38 MRSA sample isolates, 32 samples were found to be pvl-positive, or 84,3% of the total samples. From 40 MSSA sample isolates, one sample was found to be pvl-positive MSSA, or 97,5%. Regarding eta, from 38 MRSA sample isolates, 81,6% of the total sample did not have eta, while from 40 MSSA sample isolates, all samples were found to be positive for eta. We found that both pvl and eta were significantly more likely to be expressed in the MSSA strain.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that pvl and eta are more likely expressed in MSSA strains than in MRSA strains in Indonesia.