anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
1,161,957. Tetrapeptide. TANABE SEIYAKU CO. Ltd. 25 March, 1968 [25 March, 1967], No. 14184/68. Heading C2C. The novel peptide H-leu-leu-val-phe-OH or C 1-4  alkyl esters thereof and amino- and carboxyl-protected derivatives, are prepared by condensing H-leu-OH, H-leu-leu-OH or H-leu-leu-val-OH protected at the amino end and free or activated at the carboxyl end respectively with H-leu-val-phe-OH, H-val-phe-OH or H-phe-OH protected at the carboxyl end and free or activated at the amino end in the presence of a peptide condensation agent and, when required, converting a protected amino group to a free amino group and/or converting a protected carboxyl group to a free carboxyl group. Pharmaceutical compositions comprise the nord peptide or ester in conjunction with a suitable diluent or carrier for enteral or parenteral administration and are used for adjustment of blood pressure.
Subjects will participate in 1 of 5 groups. In each group 6 subjects will receive AZD7624 and 2 subjects will receive matching placebo.
Modified Atkins Diet - high fat, low carbohydrate, outpatient initiated approach. Parents will check urine ketones twice weekly and follow by email, phone and clinic. Labs at baseline and 3 months. Dietitian support.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention claims method of virus infection treatment in case of main tissue damage and main virus replication point located in liver (versions), relevant kit and combination. Method involves combined injection of therapeutically effective amount of interferon and riboflavin, with riboflavin administered in slow-release composition in daily dosage under 400 mg to maintain clinically effective ribavirin level in portal vein blood stream and in lower amount than required to reach clinically effective level in peripheral circulation. Method maintains clinically effective interferon level in portal system blood stream, yet it is lower than in peripheral circulation, and therefore maintains systemic interferon effect on the whole organism and selective ribavirin action in liver. Kit and combination can include andioxidiser or other membrane-stabilising medium. ^ EFFECT: stable virological effect for patient, reduced side effects. ^ 30 cl, 2 ex
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a widespread breathing disorder, leads to intermittent hypoxia (IH). Patients with OSA and IH-treated rodents exhibit heightened sympathetic nerve activity and hypertension. Previous studies reported transcriptional activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (Nox) by HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor-1) contribute to autonomic dysfunction in IH-treated rodents. Lysine acetylation, regulated by KATs (lysine acetyltransferases) and KDACs (lysine deacetylases), activates gene transcription and plays an important role in several physiological and pathological processes. This study tested the hypothesis that acetylation of HIF-1α by p300/CBP (CREB-binding protein) (KAT) activates Nox transcription, leading to sympathetic activation and hypertension. Experiments were performed on pheochromocytoma-12 cells and rats treated with IH. IH increased KAT activity, p300/CBP protein, HIF-1α lysine acetylation, HIF-1 transcription, and HIF-1 binding to the Nox4 gene promoter in pheochromocytoma-12 cells, and these responses were blocked by CTK7A, a selective p300/CBP inhibitor. Plasma norepinephrine (index of sympathetic activation) and blood pressures were elevated in IH-treated rats. These responses were associated with elevated p300/CBP protein, HIF-1α stabilization, transcriptional activation of Nox2 and Nox4 genes, and reactive oxygen species, and all these responses were absent in CTK7A-treated IH rats. These findings suggest lysine acetylation of HIF-1α by p300/CBP is an important contributor to sympathetic excitation and hypertension by IH.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled composition having moderate viscosity and elasticity, by dispersing a highly water-absorbing resin homogeneously in a fixing and stabilizing agent for denture. CONSTITUTION:The objective denture-fixing and stabilizing agent composition is powdery solid or paste containing a highly water-absorbing resin composed of a polymer electrolyte insolubilized in water by proper crosslinking, capable of absorbing several hundred times weight of water based on its own weight, and free from syneresis even under a moderate pressure. The resin is prepared e.g. by adding N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide to 40wt% aqueous solution of a mixture of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid wherein 70% of the carboxyl group is neutralized to Na salt, adding potassium persulfate thereto, and polymerizing the mixture. The viscosity of the composition is lowered by the addition of salad oil to facilitate the uniform application, and the composition is expanded and converted to a soft elastomer by repeating chewing. Accordingly, a sufficient effect and agreeable feeling can be attained by the used of a small amount of the composition.
First T-piece trial for 15 min. After 10 min of rest, PSV 7 cmH2O and PEEP 0 cmH2O trial for 15 min. After 10 min of rest, PSV 0 cmH2O and PEEP 0 cmH2O trial for 15 min.
Acute respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome is a life-threatening occurrence. The annual incidence of ARDS is 141,500 patients, with 59,000 deaths, and a cost of 1,642,000 hospital days/year. Within this population, special care needs of obese patients are becoming a clinically important entity within the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). ICU literature on body positioning for obese mechanically ventilated patients is limited. Currently, intubated obese patients are placed in the supine position with the head of bed elevated at 30 degrees. The 30 degree head up position has been adopted for all patients as a reflection of the Ventilator Associated Pneumonia prevention literature. In all critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation, a cephalic shift of the diaphragm along with dorsal atelectasis of the lung occurs. In obese patients this alteration may be associated with greater degree of impairment in lung compliance and gas exchange as compared to non-obese ventilated patients. It is possible that current ICU body positioning recommendations for obese mechanically ventilated patients may be detrimental due to the obese abdominal compartment hampering normal diaphragm function and position.

In supine, intubated, mechanically ventilated patients it has long been noted that lower lung lobes become atelectatic soon after intubation due to several factors such as accumulation of fluids, air closure, and a cephalic shift of the diaphragm. Obese patients develop more atelectasis during anesthesia than non-obese patients. There have been attempts to correct this iatrogenic complication in critically ill patients such as placement of patients in the prone position. Prone positioning does resolve the dorsal atelectasis and shows improvement in hypoxia. However there is no mortality benefit with prone positioning. Also, continuous lateral rotational patient positioning on mechanical ventilation has shown similar effects7. Specific literature with regards to obese patients and their unique susceptibility towards this phenomenon is limited.

As BMI increases there is an associated reduction of lung volumes, expiatory reserve volume, and functional reserve capacity. It is also known that in the reverse trendelenburg position, there is a gravitational pull allowing abdominal contents to descent toward the pelvis. This position of the abdominal contents allows for a more functional diaphragm position. One observational study 10 conducted a 12 hour intervention which examined upright position with patients' body in a straight line at 40-45 degrees (i.e., reverse trendelenburg-no bend at the waist). This study demonstrated a significant increase in the PaO2/FiO2 ratio (ie, oxygenation) during upright position.
Penile squamous cell carcinoma (pSCC) is a rare tumour with a variable prognosis. More prognostic markers linked to mutational signatures and the tumour immune microenvironment are needed. A cohort made up of 165 invasive pSCC was retrospectively analysed using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumour tissue, focusing on tumour mutational burden (TMB), programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, microsatellite instability (MSI), the number of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) expressing cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4), HPV status determined by p16 immunohistochemistry, and several traditional histopathological variables. High TMB (>10 mut/Mb) was associated with high PD-L1 expression (TPS 50-100%), and HPV-negative status. High PD-L1 expression was linked to HPV negativity, a high number of intratumoural CTLA4+ cells, and brisk lymphocytic infiltrate. High TMB was a significant predictor of shorter overall survival (OS) in both univariate and multivariate analysis when using a median cut-off value of 4.3 mut/Mb, but not when using an arbitrary cut-off of 10 mut/Mb. Low CTLA4+ cell infiltration at the tumour invasion front was a marker of shorter OS and cancer-specific survival in both univariate and multivariate analysis. PD-L1 expression had no significant impact on prognosis. Only two cases were MSI high. The results support the hypothesis of two aetiological pathways in pSCC cancerogenesis: (1) SCC linked to HPV infection characterised by low TMB, less common PD-L1 expression, and a lower number of TILs; and (2) SCC linked to chronic inflammation leading to a high number of acquired mutations (high TMB), HPV negativity, increased neoantigen production (i.e., PD-L1), and high immune cell infiltration.
Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) is a clinical syndrome that affects the central nervous system, peripheral nerves, neuromuscular junctions and muscles by the distant influence of the tumor. No tumor cells are visible in the neuropathy. The disease is a rare clinical syndrome, and lung cancer is the most common type of tumor that causes PNS.If PNS can be diagnosed when there are no tumor symptoms, not only can the cause of PNS be identified, but early tumors can be found for treatment time, and measures can be taken in the early stages of the tumor to improve survival. Tumor free DNA (cell-free DNA, cfDNA) methylation detection is to determine the cancer condition and cancer type of the subject by detecting the methylation of free DNA released by tumor cells. In normal cells, tumor suppressor genes are expressed and proto-oncogenes are silenced; in tumor cells, tumor suppressor genes are hypermethylated and silenced, and oncogenes are hypomethylated and activated. The release of free DNA into the blood will be quickly cleared in tens of minutes to several hours, which can reflect the body's cell damage in real time, and is of great significance for monitoring the early occurrence and development of the disease. At present, the sensitivity of lung cancer cf-DNA detection technology is close to 100%, and the specificity is 94%, which is an effective detection technology for early detection of lung cancer.
BACKGROUND: Chronic inflammation is a significant driver in the development of various diseases, including cancer. Colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CA-CRC) refers to the increased risk of colorectal cancer in individuals with chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
METHODS: This narrative review examines the link between chronic inflammation and CA-CRC. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, focusing on studies published between 2000 and 2024. Studies were selected based on relevance to the role of inflammation in CA-CRC, specifically targeting molecular pathways and clinical implications. Both clinical and mechanistic studies were reviewed.
CONCLUSION: Sustained inflammation in the colon fosters a pro-tumorigenic environment, leading to the initiation and progression of CA-CRC. Prevention strategies must focus on controlling chronic inflammation, optimizing IBD management, and implementing regular screenings. Emerging therapies targeting key inflammatory pathways and immune responses, along with microbiome modulation, hold promise for reducing CA-CRC risk. Understanding these molecular mechanisms provides a path toward personalized treatment and better outcomes for patients with IBD at risk of colorectal cancer.
Patients undergoing free flap reconstructive surgery for head and neck cancer will be randomized to either remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) group or control group. On the day of surgery, after induction of anesthesia, RIPC, consisting of 4 cycles of 5-min ischemia (using pneumatic cuff pressure of 200 mmHg) followed by 5-min reperfusion at upper arm, or sham-RIPC (pressure \< 10 mmHg) will be induced in the RIPC or control group, respectively. Before completion of surgery, RIPC or sham-RIPC will be repeated. Tissue oxygen saturation and skin temperature of the flap will be recorded until postoperative day 1.

As a sub-study, blood samples will be obtained before and after RIPC/sham-RIPC. From them, plasma dialysate will be prepared to use for Langendorff isolated heart model. Myocardial infarct size of Langendorff rat heart will be compared between the groups to evaluate organ protective effect of RIPC during free flap reconstuctive surgery.
Gabapentin wasadministered orally to mice and rats in 2-year carcinogenicity studies. Noevidence of drug-related carcinogenicity was observed in mice treated at dosesup to 2000 mg/kg/day. At 2000 mg/kg, the plasma gabapentin exposure (AUC) inmice is approximately 2 times that in humans at the MRHD of 3600 mg/day. Inrats, increases in the incidence of pancreatic acinar cell adenoma andcarcinoma were found in male rats receiving the highest dose (2000 mg/kg), butnot at doses of 250 or 1000 mg/kg/day. At 1000 mg/kg, the plasma gabapentinexposure (AUC) in rats is approximately 5 times that in humans at the MRHD. 

Studiesdesigned to investigate the mechanism of gabapentin-induced pancreaticcarcinogenesis in rats indicate that gabapentin stimulates DNA synthesis in ratpancreatic acinar cells in vitro and, thus, may be acting as a tumorpromoter by enhancing mitogenic activity. It is not known whether gabapentinhas the ability to increase cell proliferation in other cell types or in otherspecies, including humans. 

  


Gabapentin didnot demonstrate mutagenic or genotoxic potential in three in vitro andfour in vivo assays. It was negative in the Ames test and the invitro HGPRT forward mutation assay in Chinese hamster lung cells; it didnot produce significant increases in chromosomal aberrations in the in vitroChinese hamster lung cell assay; it was negative in the in vivo chromosomalaberration assay and in the in vivo micronucleus test in Chinese hamsterbone marrow; it was negative in the in vivo mouse micronucleus assay;and it did not induce unscheduled DNA synthesis in hepatocytes from rats givengabapentin. 

  


No adverse effects on fertility or reproduction were observed in rats atdoses up to 2000 mg/kg. At 2000 mg/kg, the plasma gabapentin exposure (AUC) inrats is approximately 8 times that in humans at the MRHD.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to solid medicinal forms of rapid release that contain therapeutically active substances or their concentrates, in part, nucleoside lipid conjugates that are characterized by gel-forming properties in aqueous media. Active substances or their concentrates are characterized by the general formula (I): L-B-D where values are given in the invention claim. The proposed medicinal forms are stable and have sufficient long storage time being without any traces of decomposition of an active substance or used accessory substances as result of the possible interaction between an active substance with accessory substances. EFFECT: improved properties and enhanced effectiveness of medicinal forms. 20 cl, 3 tbl
BACKGROUND: IgG4-related disease is a systemic fibroinflammatory disease that is mainly seen in older men, and involves multiple organs, such as the pancreas and lungs. However, 75% of patients with IgG4-related lung disease are asymptomatic (if they are symptomatic, they mainly complain of nasal congestion, rhinorrhoea, chest pain, and cough) and are incidentally diagnosed through chest computed tomograph. Although, nodules in the airway and bronchial wall thickening are criteria for diagnosis, it is important that nodules have been reported in peripheral airways in several cases and rarely in the central airway.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 74-year-old woman previously diagnosed with Mikulicz's disease presented with swelling of the eyelid margin on both sides and visual disturbances. Computed tomography revealed extensive multiple nodules and mucosal oedema of the trachea and both bronchi. On flexible bronchoscopy under local anaesthesia, extensive lesions were observed from the middle of the trachea to the carina, extending into both segmental bronchi. The nodules were continuous with the normal respiratory tract mucosa, and the surfaces were smooth with minimal neovascularisation. Due to the solid nature of the lesion, obtaining an adequate amount of specimen was challenging. Therefore, we used a 1.9 mm cryoprobe under intubation, resulting in minimal bleeding. Subsequently, the patient was diagnosed with IgG4-related lung disease.
CONCLUSIONS: The present case is very rare because of the presence of multiple nodules, severe mucosal edema of the central airway and the absence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy, ground glass nodules, and lung masses. Therefore, it is important to consider differential diagnoses. Thus, we emphasise the importance of endobronchial cryobiopsy for obtaining an adequate number of tissue specimens in such cases to establish a definitive pathological diagnosis.
It is well known that chronic pain syndromes are associated with alterations in sleep continuity and sleep architecture. Similarly, recent evidence indicates that sleep deprivation interferes with normal pain perception producing hyperalgesic changes, and with the regular analgesic effects of certain pain drugs (reviewed in Kundermann B et al., 2004). However, the role of the nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic agents in pain perception is not well understood. Lunesta (eszopiclone), unlike other nonbenzodiazepine sleep medications, is approved for long-term use (no significant addictive effects of the drug are observed following the treatment of up to 6mo). Its antinociceptive properties have not been examined and, if found, could potentiate the use of this drug for pain control, especially in patients with comorbid chronic pain and insomnia.

The objective of this proposal is to use Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) with an experimental pain paradigm in a group of chronic insomnia patients. The study will consist of three sessions, the first of which will include questionnaires, and a mental and physical health evaluation including an EKG and blood draw. Following the initial screening session subjects will be randomly assigned to either the study drug or placebo groups, and complete 2 additional identical study sessions using fMRI. The first fMRI session will be before taking the drug/placebo, and the second session will be after taking the study drug/placebo nightly for 1 week. During these fMRI sessions, subjects will undergo psychophysical testing of their sensitivity to warmth and heat and will rate various temperatures for pain intensity and pain unpleasantness. Subjects will also complete additional tasks including motor inhibition and face matching during scanning.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicinal enema for treating infantile dysentery. Herbalist doctors think the enema is caused by improper diet, mistakenly eating unhealthy foods, dampness-heat or cold-dampness, stagnation of qi and blood, and purulent blood. The treatment principle is removing heat and dampness and regulating qi and promoting blood circulation. Therefore, the following materials: pittosporum tobira, rhizoma atractylodis, officinal magnolia bark, round cardamom, turmeric root-tuber, immature tangerine, astragalus mongholicus, mix-fried licorice, semen cassiae and fructus forsythiae, are selected. The materials are prepared into the enema to perform retention enema on patients. Better treatment effect is obtained. Clinical tests in our hospital show that the total effect rate of the enema is up to 97.0 percent, the average time of disappearance of symptoms is obviously shorter than that of a matched group, and the traditional Chinese medicinal enema is worth of being popularized clinically.
The invention adopts natural red yeast rice. The red yeast rice is soaked in 70% ethanol with an amount of 8-12 times that of the red yeast rice for 12-24h; the mixture is subjected to reflux extraction under a temperature of 80 DEG C; the mixture is then subjected to reflux extraction under a temperature of 80 DEG C by using 70% ethanol with an amount of 8-12 times that of the red yeast rice for two times, wherein each time of reflux extraction takes 2-4h; extraction liquids obtained in the reflux extraction for three times are mixed; ethanol is recovered; and the extraction liquid is subjected to reduced-pressure drying, such that the red yeast rice extract is obtained. As a result of human cancer cell experiments, the red yeast rice extract has a substantial inhibiting effect against breast cancer, and can be used for preparing health-care foods and medicines used for controlling breast cancer. The natural red yeast rice extract provided by the invention can be prepared into products for clinical applications according to conventional medicine production specifications. The red yeast rice extract can be prepared into tablets, capsules, granules, instant granules, and the like. The natural red yeast rice extract can be applied in productions of health-care foods such as biscuits and beverages. When the natural red yeast rice extract is used for producing the health-care biscuits, the additive volume is 5-30%. When the natural red yeast rice extract is used for producing the beverages, the additive volume is 1-15%.
Participants with vision-related anxiety (must meet this per protocol by self-reports) randomized to this arm will receive immediate ERT. The LVR therapy will start approximately during 4-6 sessions of ERT.
For patients randomized to the heparin group, the heparin will be provided in 10 ml glass vials. Two, 3 ml syringes will be used to draw up the required volume of heparin to fill each lumen. A separate syringe will be used to fill each catheter lumen. The necessary volume should match the lumen volume with no overfill. The locking solution will be instilled into both catheter lumens, the lumens clamped and caps tightly secured to the hubs. The locking solution will be withdrawn from the catheter lumens before the next dialysis session.
Neurodegenerative disorders affect over 6 million people in the United States. A subset of these patients experiences symptoms that progress rapidly, along with a 5- to 10-year life expectancy (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). This subgroup often becomes dependent on family caregivers. Managing care demands at the end of life that are brought on by rapid disease progression has a negative impact on caregiver quality of life. The purpose of this integrative review is to highlight the gaps in the existing body of research on the effect of neuropalliative care on quality of life of this caregiver population. A total of 13 articles met inclusion criteria and were selected for review. The most frequently occurring themes and findings in the literature shed light on neuropalliative care and provided some insight into both caregivers and patients' perspective at the end of life. What sets this population apart from caregivers and patients of other terminal diseases is the nature of disease progression and the rapid life adjustments that come along with it. Integration of neuropalliative has shown to provide additional support for caregivers and patients; however, it remains underused. To promote equitable access to these services, it is necessary to address several structural barriers.