anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Pursuing initial invasive or conservative management of chronic coronary disease (CCD) is a preference-sensitive decision that should include shared decision-making. Communicating the benefits of either approach is challenging, as individual patients rarely achieve the population-averaged outcomes reported in clinical trials. Our objective was to develop a patient decision aid (PDA) with patient-specific estimates of outcomes for initial invasive versus conservative management of CCD, based on the ISCHEMIA trial (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness With Medical and Invasive Approaches).
METHODS: This was a multiphase mixed-methods study using focus groups of outpatients with CCD, caregivers, clinicians, and researchers. Focus groups were held in Kansas City, MO and New York City, NY between September 2021 and June 2022. Patients with CCD were included if they had a positive stress test within 1 year. Phase 1 focused on patient priorities for outcomes to guide treatment decisions. Phase 2 involved PDA development and refinement. Phase 3 involved further refinement and member checking. Key themes involving shared decision-making and treatment preferences were elicited from focus groups using a deductive approach to develop a PDA representing the outcomes most important to patients.
RESULTS: Of 46 patient and caregiver participants, the mean age was 63.5 years, 53% were female, 61% were White, 24% were Black, and 9% were Hispanic. When deciding between treatments, participants valued shared decision-making but generally deferred decisions to clinicians. The outcomes most important to participants were survival and quality of life, followed by physical functioning and symptoms. To represent these outcomes, participants favored simple visualizations, such as a speedometer or health meter. When deciding between treatment options, participants preferred to use the PDA collaboratively with a clinician instead of as a stand-alone tool.
CONCLUSIONS: Our novel, patient-centered approach to developing a PDA for CCD with patient-specific outcomes has the potential to rapidly translate clinical trial results to individual patients and support shared decision-making.
A nano-capsule construct for imaging and therapeutic uses and method for production are provided. One nano-probe embodiment based on genome-depleted plant brome mosaic virus (BMV) whose interior is doped with indocyanine green (ICG), an FDA-approved near infrared fluorescent dye, is used to illustrate the invention. The material encapsulated in viral shell components may be coated with functionalized coatings such as branched, dendritic polymer coatings to improve longevity and distribution in the body as well as antibody conjugation for increased target specificity. The constructs can also be coated with ferromagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, enabling the ICG-containing capsules to be used as nano-probes with the capability of being detected in both optical and magnetic resonance imaging. The capsules may be produced by purifying a plant or animal viruses and disassembling the viruses to provide virus shell components. The virus shell components are reassembled in the presence of a material for encapsulation thereby encapsulating said material within the core of the construct in one embodiment.
In dyeing hair with oxidation dyes the dye composition contains, as anti-oxidant, ascorbic acid, in either its D- or its L-form.  The present process is applicable to dyes which oxidise in the air as well as those requiring an oxidising agent, e.g. hydrogen peroxide. The dye compositions of the present invention may be made alkaline by addition of ammonia or sodium hydroxide and may contain, in addition to a number of known specified oxidation dyes, ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid, oleic acid, iso-propyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, lecithin, sodium cetyl sulphate and sodium lauryl sulphate.  Examples are given. Specification 802,554 is referred to.
BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress-induced inflammation is a major pathogenic mechanism in sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). We hypothesized that regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the neuropeptide orexin-A could prevent SAE-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of orexin-A on oxidative stress and inflammation in SAE in mice.
METHODS: Adult male mice were treated with orexin-A (250 μg/kg, intranasal administration) to establish a cecal ligation perforation (CLP) model. We performed behavioral tests, observed neuronal damage in the hippocampal region, measured the levels of ROS, NOX2, and observed the structure of mitochondria by transmission electron microscopy. We then examined the inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β, the activation of microglia and astrocytes, the expression of ERK/NF-κB, C3, and S100A10, and the presence of A1 type astrocytes and A2 type astrocytes.
RESULTS: Orexin-A treatment improved cognitive performance in CLP-induced SAE mice, attenuated neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal region, ameliorated ROS levels and the extent of mitochondrial damage, and reduced protein expression of NOX2 in hippocampal tissue. In addition, orexin-A treatment significantly reduced microglia and astrocyte activation, inhibited the levels of P-ERK and NF-κB, and reduced the release of IL-1β and TNF-α, which were significantly increased after CLP. Finally, Orexin-A treatment significantly decreased the number of C3/glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells and increased the number of S100A10/GFAP-positive cells.
CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that orexin-A reduces ROS expression by inhibiting CLP-induced NOX2 production, thereby attenuating mitochondrial damage and neuronal apoptosis. Its inhibition of microglial and A1-type astrocyte activation and inflammation was associated with the ERK/NF-κB pathway. These suggest that orexin-A may reduce cognitive impairment in SAE by reducing oxidative stress-induced inflammation.
The initial aims in this pilot study will focus on the safety and feasibility of microdevice placement and retrieval in participants with suspicious lung lesions. The microdevice, which is 5.5 mm in length and approximately 750 µm in diameter (i.e., comparable in size and shape to commonly used fiducial markers), will be placed in the suspected tumor tissue at the time of surgical resection. Multiple agents will passively diffuse into local, confined regions (several microns) of the surrounding microenvironment. The agents are released at approximately one millionth of a systemic dose. The device(s) will be removed for analysis at the time of resection, which will be performed for clinical indications independent of enrollment in this study. The investigators will collect data regarding the safety and feasibility of the placement and retrieval of the microdevices, and perform detailed tissue analysis of drug response. Investigators hope to compile preliminary data regarding correlations between in situ drug response and the genetic and histopathologic features of tumors, systemic treatment response, and ultimately, clinical outcomes.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves producing opaque means having nonionogenic opaque means and nonionogenic iodinated opaque means by introducing sodium ions in the amount of 20-60 mmole/l. Sodium citrate being applied, sodium ions are introduced in the amount of 26-36 mmole/l. Ioverzol being applied as opaque substance, sodium ions are introduced in the amount required to reach the ion concentration of 26-36 mmole/l. The given means has iodinated radiopaque substance with contrast coefficient being equal to 3 or 6 and iodine concentration being equal to 100 mg/ml. Beside that, the substance has osmotic capacity less than 1 osm/kg of water and physiologically acceptable cations. The means provides enhanced contrast range. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of X-ray, magnetic resonance or ultrasonic examination. 10 cl, 3 dwg, 3 tbl
RATIONALE: During the past 3 years of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, COVID-19 has been recognized to cause various neurological complications, including rare posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). In previously reported cases of PRES associated with COVID-19, the majority of patients had severe COVID-19 infection and known predisposing factors for PRES, such as uncontrolled hypertension, renal dysfunction, and use of immunosuppressants. It remains unclear whether these risk factors or infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) contributes to the development of PRES in these patients. Here we report a special case of PRES associated with COVID-19 without any known risk factors for PRES, indicating the SARS-CoV-2's direct role in the pathogenesis of PRES associated with COVID-19.
PATIENT CONCERNS: An 18-year-old female patient presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain. Preliminary investigations showed no abnormalities, except for positive results in novel coronavirus nucleic acid tests using oropharyngeal swabs. However, the patient subsequently developed tonic-clonic seizures, headaches, and vomiting on the second day. Extensive investigations have been performed, including brain MRI and lumbar puncture. Brain MRI showed hypointense T1-weighted and hyperintense T2-weighted lesions in the bilateral occipital, frontal, and parietal cortices without enhancement effect. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid analyses yielded negative results. The patient had no hypertension, renal insufficiency, autoimmune disease, or the use of immunosuppressants or cytotoxic drugs.
DIAGNOSES: PRES was diagnosed based on the clinical features and typical MRI findings of PRES.
INTERVENTIONS: Symptomatic treatments such as anticonvulsants were administered to the patients.
OUTCOMES: The patient fully recovered within 1 week. The initial MRI abnormalities also disappeared completely on a second MR examination performed 11 days later, supporting the diagnosis of PRES. The patient was followed up for 6 months and remained in a normal state.
LESSONS: The current case had no classical risk factors for PRES, indicating that although the cause of PRES in COVID-19 patients may be multifactorial, the infection of SARS-CoV-2 may play a direct role in the pathogenesis of PRES associated with COVID-19.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently and almost completely remove an organic solvent remaining in fine particles in a short time by heating the fine particles in which an organic solvent having a lower boiling point than water is contained in a water phase at a temperature higher than the boiling point of the organic solvent. SOLUTION: An organic solvent (preferably an organic solvent having a boiling point >=10 deg.C less than that of water, e.g. a halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon-based solvent) remaining in fine particles consisting of an agent and a polymer (e.g. the polyester of a hydroxyfatty acid) hardly soluble in water is removed by heating the fine particles in a water phase at a temperature higher than the boiling point of the organic solvent (preferably at a temperature >=5 deg.C higher than the boiling point). The initial residual amount of the organic solvent in the fine particles is preferably <=40 wt.%. The ratio of the fine particles to the water phase is preferably 0.1-1000 g per 1 litter of the water phase without containing the fine particles. Thus, highly safe fine particle formulations are easily provided.
The invention discloses small-interfering RNA (siRNA) capable of inhibiting classical swine fever virus (CSFV) reproduction and infection as well as an encoding sequence thereof. The invention also discloses a method for preparing an anti-CSFV infection biological preparation using an RNA-interfering method. The siRNA is efficient and can specifically inhibit CSFV. The method is applicable to industrial production. The invention also provides a biological preparation produced by using the method. The biological preparation has the CSFV inhibition ratio of 95.04-98.59%, and can distinctly inhibit CSFV infection in sensitive animals, so as to prevent incidence and death of animals.
Some physicochemical incompatibilities exist between bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension and certain other drugs. Direct contact of bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension with these drugs results in a rapid increase in free (unencapsulated) bupivacaine, altering bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension characteristics and potentially affecting the safety and efficacy of bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension. Therefore, admixing bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension with other drugs prior to administration is not recommended [ see Drug Interactions (7)]. 

  * Non-bupivacaine based local anesthetics, including lidocaine, may cause an immediate release of bupivacaine from bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension if administered together locally. The administration of bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension may follow the administration of lidocaine after a delay of 20 minutes or more.
  * Bupivacaine HCl administered together with bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension may impact the pharmacokinetic and/or physicochemical properties of bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension, and this effect is concentration dependent. Therefore, bupivacaine HCl and bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension may be administered simultaneously in the same syringe, and bupivacaine HCl may be injected immediately before bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension if the ratio of the milligram dose of bupivacaine HCl solution to bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension does not exceed 1:2.



The toxic effects of these drugs are additive, and their administration should be used with caution including monitoring for neurologic and cardiovascular effects related to local anesthetic systemic toxicity [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Overdosage (10)]. 

  * When a topical antiseptic such as povidone iodine (e.g., Betadine) is applied, the site should be allowed to dry before bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension is administered into the site. Bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension should not be allowed to come into contact with antiseptics such as povidone iodine in solution.



Studies conducted with bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension demonstrated that the most common implantable materials (polypropylene, PTFE, silicone, stainless steel, and titanium) are not affected by the presence of bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension any more than they are by saline. None of the materials studied had an adverse effect on bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension.
Despite the high mortality rate associated with sepsis, no specific drugs are available. Decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) is now considered a valuable biomarker and therapeutic target for managing inflammatory conditions. DcR3-SUMO, an analog of DcR3, has a simple production process and high yield. However, its precise underlying mechanisms in sepsis remain unclear. This study investigated the protective effects of DcR3-SUMO on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory cells and septic mice. We evaluated the effects of DcR3 intervention and overexpression on intracellular inflammatory cytokine levels in vitro. DcR3-SUMO significantly reduced cytokine levels within inflammatory cells, and notably increased DcR3 protein and mRNA levels in LPS-induced septic mice, confirming its anti-inflammatory efficacy. Our in vitro and in vivo results demonstrated comparable anti-inflammatory effects between DcR3-SUMO and native DcR3. DcR3-SUMO protein administration in septic mice notably enhanced tissue morphology, decreased sepsis scores, and elevated survival rates. Furthermore, DcR3-SUMO treatment effectively lowered inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum, liver, and lung tissues, and mitigated the extent of tissue damage. AlphaFold3 structural predictions indicated that DcR3-SUMO, similar to DcR3, effectively interacts with the three pro-apoptotic ligands, namely TL1A, LIGHT, and FasL. Collectively, DcR3-SUMO and DcR3 exhibit comparable anti-inflammatory effects, making DcR3-SUMO a promising therapeutic agent for sepsis.
Three-dimensional (3D) projections of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals are acquired from a liver experiencing NMR in response to a 3D multi-echo non-Cartesian pulse sequence. The projections are reconstructed into two sets of images having different resolutions. Bins associated with the different positions to which the liver moves during respiration are identified in lower resolution images, and then higher resolution images are binned into the position dependent bins based on navigator data in the lower resolution images. A combined image for a bin is made from images located in the bin and then registered to a reference image. An overall combined image is made by summing the combined bin images. Quantized data for a contrast agent concentration in the liver is produced using signal intensity in the overall combined image. The quantized value may describe a liver perfusion parameter. A diagnosis may be made from the quantized value.
Observational studies have shown correlations between intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content and muscle strength and contractile function in people with metabolically abnormal obesity. However, a clear physiologic mechanism for this association is lacking, and causation is debated. We combined immunofluorescent confocal imaging with force measurements on permeabilized muscle fibers from metabolically normal and metabolically abnormal mice and people with metabolically normal (defined as normal fasting plasma glucose and glucose tolerance) and metabolically abnormal (defined as prediabetes and type 2 diabetes) overweight/obesity to evaluate relationships among myocellular lipid droplet characteristics (droplet size and density) and biophysical (active contractile and passive viscoelastic) properties. The fiber type specificity of lipid droplet parameters varied by metabolic status and by species. It was different between mice and people across the board and different between people of different metabolic status. However, despite considerable quantities of IMCL in the metabolically abnormal groups, there were no significant differences in peak active tension or passive viscoelasticity between the metabolically abnormal and control groups in mice or people. Additionally, there were no significant relationships among IMCL parameters and biophysical variables. Thus, we conclude that IMCL accumulation per se does not impact muscle fiber biophysical properties or physically impede contraction.
The invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating upper respiratory infection and a preparation method thereof. The pharmaceutical composition comprises the following components by in parts by weight: 30-140 parts of sauropus spatulifolius, 30-140 parts of tea leaves and 30-100 parts of herba andrographitis. The preparation method comprises the following steps: extracting the sauropus spatulifolius, the tea leaves and the herba andrographitis according to a certain amount, obtaining thin paste and preparing into a traditional Chinese medicine preparation; the following two extracting methods are adopted: (1), the sauropus spatulifolius, the tea leaves and the herba andrographitis are added with water and boiled for three times, and filtered liquid is mixed and concentrated into the thin paste with a relative density of 1.05-1.15 (at the temperature of 80 DEG C); (2) the sauropus spatulifolius, the tea leaves and the herba andrographitis are added with alcohol and extracted for two times, and an alcohol extract is obtained after residue removal, then is recovered in a pressure-reduced state, and finally is concentrated into the thin paste with a relative density of 1.05-1.15 (at the temperature of 80 DEG C). The traditional Chinese medicine preparation is any one dosage form in the pharmacy. The upper respiratory infection is any one upper respiratory infection disease medically. The pharmaceutical composition and the preparation method thereof have the benefits that the curative effect on the upper respiratory infection is obvious, and no toxic or side effect is generated.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine whether a 9-week resistance training program based on high load (HL) versus low load combined with blood flow restriction (LL-BFR) induced a similar (i) distribution of muscle hypertrophy among hamstring heads (semimembranosus, SM; semitendinosus, ST; and biceps femoris long head, BF) and (ii) magnitude of tendon hypertrophy of ST, using a parallel randomized controlled trial.
METHODS: A total of 45 participants were randomly allocated to one of three groups: HL, LL-BFR, and control (CON). Both HL and LL-BFR performed a 9-week resistance training program composed of seated leg curl and stiff-leg deadlift exercises. Freehand 3D ultrasound was used to assess the changes in muscle and tendon volume.
RESULTS: The increase in ST volume was greater in HL (26.5 ± 25.5%) compared to CON (p = 0.004). No difference was found between CON and LL-BFR for the ST muscle volume (p = 0.627). The change in SM muscle volume was greater for LL-BFR (21.6 ± 27.8%) compared to CON (p = 0.025). No difference was found between HL and CON for the SM muscle volume (p = 0.178).There was no change in BF muscle volume in LL-BFR (14.0 ± 16.5%; p = 0.436) compared to CON group. No difference was found between HL and CON for the BF muscle volume (p = 1.0). Regarding ST tendon volume, we did not report an effect of training regimens (p = 0.411).
CONCLUSION: These results provide evidence that the HL program induced a selective hypertrophy of the ST while LL-BFR induced hypertrophy of SM. The magnitude of the selective hypertrophy observed within each group varied greatly between individuals. This finding suggests that it is very difficult to early determine the location of the hypertrophy among a muscle group.
Disclosed are the embodiments for creating a model capable of identifying one or more clusters in a healthcare dataset. An input is received pertaining to a range of numbers. Each number in the range of numbers is representative of a number of clusters in the healthcare dataset. For a cluster, one or more first parameters of a distribution associated with the cluster are estimated. Thereafter, a threshold value is determined based on the one or more first parameters. An inverse cumulative distribution of each of one or more n-dimensional variables in the healthcare dataset is determined. The one or more first parameters are updated to generate one or more second parameters based on the estimated inverse cumulative distribution. A model is created for each number in the range of numbers based on the one or more second parameters.