anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Chronic pain is associated with substantial impairment in physical function, which has been identified as a top concern among persons with pain. GetActive-Fitbit, a mind-body activity program, is feasible, acceptable, and associated with improvement in physical function among primarily White, sedentary individuals with pain. In preparation for a multisite efficacy trial, we must examine feasibility across multiple sites with diverse patient populations. Here we describe the protocol of a multisite, feasibility RCT comparing GetActive-Fitbit with a time- and attention-matched educational comparison (Healthy Living for Pain). We aim to 1) test multisite fidelity of clinician training; 2) evaluate multisite feasibility benchmarks, including recruitment of chronic pain patients taking <5000 steps/day and racial and ethnic minorities; and 3) optimize fidelity and study protocol in preparation for a future multisite efficacy trial.
METHODS: Clinician training fidelity was assessed via roleplays and mock group sessions. Feasibility (i.e., recruitment, acceptability, credibility, adherence, satisfaction), multimodal physical function (e.g., self-report, 6-Minute Walk Test, step-count), and other psychosocial outcomes are assessed at baseline, posttest, and 6 months. Protocol optimization will be assessed using exit interviews and cross-site meetings.
RESULTS: The trial is ongoing. Clinician training is complete. 87 participants have been recruited. 54 completed baseline assessments and randomization, 44 are mid-intervention, and 9 have completed the intervention and posttest.
CONCLUSIONS: This study addresses the critical need for feasible, acceptable mind-body-activity interventions for chronic pain that follow evidence-based guidelines and improve all aspects of physical function across diverse populations. Results will inform a future fully-powered multisite efficacy trial.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT05700383.
Cytomegalovirus in solid organ transplant recipients can result in significant morbidity and mortality due to concurrent immunosuppression. Traditionally intravenous followed by oral ganciclovir has been used to prevent and treat cytomegalovirus infection and disease in transplant recipients. Recently a new oral form of ganciclovir, valganciclovir has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of CMV retinitis in patients with AIDS. Valganciclovir is more bioavailable and requires fewer daily doses and lower pill burden than oral ganciclovir. In addition valganciclovir can attain ganciclovir plasma levels similar to intravenous ganciclovir. This protocol will test the ability of valganciclovir to provide similar drug exposure (area under the curve, AUC) as oral and intravenous ganciclovir at equivalent doses in the setting of kidney and kidney-pancreas transplantation. Patients will receive four different dosing/dosage form schemes. Intravenous ganciclovir at 2.5mg/kg every 12 hours, which is the usual treatment at this facility post surgery will be administered for approximately 7 days (phase I), then patients will receive valganciclovir 900 mg daily for 7 to 21 days (phase II), then patients will receive 450 mg daily for at least 4 days (phase III), and finally, ganciclovir 1000 mg every 8 hours for at least 4 days (phase IV). Serial blood samples will be collected for pharmacokinetic analyses after each change in dose/dosage form (after each phase). After completion of the study, patients will be maintained on valganciclovir 450 mg daily for CMV prophylaxis or oral ganciclovir for a length of time prescribed by the transplant surgeon. By characterizing the pharmacokinetics of valganciclovir in kidney/pancreas transplant patients, it is hoped that appropriate dosing to prevent CMV disease and limit toxicity may be achieved.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Complanatuside A (ComA) is a flavonoid-rich compound in Astragalus membranaceus that has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. In this study, we focused on the effect of ComA on spinal cord injury (SCI) in mice and explored its possible mechanisms.
METHODS: The SCI model was constructed using C57BL/6J mice, and the effect of ComA on motor function recovery in SCI mice was evaluated through the BMS (Basso Mouse Scale) and footprint test. The histological effects of ComA on SCI mice were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, Luxol-fast blue (LFB) staining, and Nissl staining. In both in vivo and in vitro experiments, we detected the activation of microglia and the release of inflammatory factors through molecular experiments. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting confirmed that ComA can prevent neuronal apoptosis caused by activated microglia through the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway.
RESULTS: Our research results confirm that ComA can improve motor function in mice after SCI. Our in vitro results indicate that ComA can inhibit the activation of BV2 cells and the release of proinflammatory mediators. In addition, ComA can prevent neuronal cell apoptosis caused by activated BV2 cells. Finally, we found that ComA works through the JNK signaling pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: ComA can accelerate the restoration of motor function in mice after SCI, possibly by reducing neuronal apoptosis via inhibition of JNK-related signaling pathways, a reduction in microglial activation, and inhibition of inflammatory factor release. Our data indicate that ComA is a promising drug candidate for improving functional recovery in patients with SCI.
AIMS: Renal insufficiency is a common comorbidity in patients with haematological malignancies. This study aimed to assess how end-stage renal disease (ESRD) might affect the pharmacokinetics of venetoclax, a Bcl-2 inhibitor, in participants with ESRD undergoing haemodialysis.
METHODS: Venetoclax was administered as a single 100-mg dose to 6 female participants with ESRD (estimated glomerular filtration rate <15 mL/min) both prior to haemodialysis and between haemodialysis days and 7 healthy female participants with normal renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate >90 mL/min). Intensive pharmacokinetic and protein binding samples were collected from all participants. Arterial and venous samples were collected from ESRD participants during haemodialysis to assess the effect of haemodialysis on venetoclax pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using noncompartmental methods.
RESULTS: There was no difference in plasma venetoclax concentrations between arterial and venous samples, suggesting that haemodialysis did not affect the pharmacokinetics of venetoclax. The fraction unbound (fu ) of venetoclax was ~2-fold higher for participants with ESRD compared to participants with normal renal function. The unbound maximum plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to 48 h were comparable between ESRD and normal function groups. The mean half-life ranged from 10.4 to 12.2 h across groups, demonstrating that ESRD did not affect the half-life of venetoclax. No new safety signals were observed during this study.
CONCLUSION: ESRD and dialysis do not alter unbound venetoclax plasma concentrations. No pharmacokinetics driven dose adjustment is needed for patients with renal insufficiency.
The scope oftraditional PRP is mainly distributed in the middle and peripheral part of the retina, 1.5-2 optic disc diameters (DD) posteriorly from the optic disc and 2 DD temporally from the fovea,bounded by the superior and inferior vascular arches; forward to the ampulla of the vortex vein (or equator). Currently, PRP is the gold standard for the treatment of extensive areas of non-perfusion , as well as the main method for the treatment of severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and PDR. However, due to the photochemical damage of the laser,panretinal laser photocoagulation causes more damage to the ocular tissue, and its side effects include hemorrhage, choroidal detachment, acute angle-closure glaucoma, etc. The occurrence of these complications is closely related to laser parameters such as increased duration and power and intensive treatment in a single session, which all lead to increased diffusion of thermal energy within the retina and choroid .
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Racial and socioeconomic disparities in spine surgery for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis persist in the United States, potentially contributing to unequal health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes. This is important as lumbar spondylolisthesis is one of the most common causes of surgical low back pain, and low back pain is the largest disabler of individuals worldwide. Our objective was to assess the relationship between race, socioeconomic factors, treatment utilization, and outcomes in patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis.
METHODS: This cohort study analyzed prospectively collected data from 9941 patients diagnosed with lumbar spondylolisthesis between 2015 and 2020 at 5 academic hospitals. Exposures were race, socioeconomic status, health coverage, and HRQoL measures. Main outcomes and measures included treatment utilization rates between racial groups and the association between race and treatment outcomes using logistic regression, adjusting for patient characteristics, socioeconomic status, health coverage, and HRQoL measures.
RESULTS: Of the 9941 patients included (mean [SD] age, 67.37 [12.40] years; 63% female; 1101 [11.1%] Black, Indigenous, and People of Color [BIPOC]), BIPOC patients were significantly less likely to use surgery than White patients (odds ratio [OR] = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.62-0.75). Furthermore, BIPOC race was associated with significantly lower odds of reaching the minimum clinically important difference for physical function (OR = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.60; 0.91) and pain interference (OR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.62-0.97). Medicaid beneficiaries were significantly less likely (OR = 0.65; 95% CI, 0.46-0.92) to reach a clinically important improvement in HRQoL when accounting for race.
CONCLUSION: This study found that BIPOC patients were less likely to use spine surgery for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis despite reporting higher pain interference, suggesting an association between race and surgical utilization. These disparities may contribute to unequal HRQoL outcomes for patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis and warrant further investigation to address and reduce treatment disparities.
The present invention relates to an MccJ25 mutant, and a preparation method therefor and an application thereof. The amino acid sequence of the MccJ25 mutant is as shown in SEQ ID NO. 1. A plasmid pUC5725 is taken as a template and substances having sequences shown as SEQ ID NO.3 and SEQ ID NO.4 are taken as primers to obtain an amplification product; an incision enzyme is added into the amplification product, to remove the pUC5725 template to obtain the MccJ25 mutant. The preparation method for the plasmid pUC5725 comprises synthesizing an MccJ25 coding gene sequence in an optimized mode according to the GenBank accession number AF061787, and then inserting the MccJ25 coding gene sequence into an EcoRI-SalI site of pUC57. The stability and bactericidal activity of the MccJ25 mutant having high water solubility are superior to or equal to those of a wild type, and the sensitivity to artificial gastrointestinal fluid is improved.
PURPOSE: To obtain the subject pharmaceutical preparation improved in the absorbability for sulfonamide-based antiinflammatory agent. CONSTITUTION: This oral solid pharmaceutical preparation comprises a sulfonamide-based anti-inflammatory agent such as N-(5-amino-4-nitro-2- phenoxyphenyl)methanesulfonamide or N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl) methanesulfonamide and at least one kind of alkaline substance. The alkaline substance is pref. sodium bicarbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate, being formulated at 0.1-10 (pref. 0.5-5) pts.wt. per pt.wt. of the sulfonamide-based antiinflammatory agent. In this pharmaceutical preparation, the elutability of the antiinflammatory agent in water or acidic solution is highly improved, and in addition, not only rapid efficacy but absorbability in vivo of the antiinflammatory is markedly improved.
These patients will be asked to continue their current diet and lifestyle without making any changes for 20 weeks. They will be tested at baseline and after 20 weeks. Then, they will "cross over" and receive the same lifestyle medicine intervention for 20 weeks and will be tested again after 20 weeks of the intervention and also after 40 weeks of the intervention. After 20 weeks in the randomized control group, patients who no longer meet these eligibility criteria (e.g, a MoCA score \<18) will not cross over and will not receive the lifestyle intervention; their data during the first 20 weeks in the control group (when they met the entry criteria) will be used.
Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are major causes of severe gastroenteritis in infants and young animals. To enhance our understanding of the relationship between human and animals RVAs, complete genome data are necessary. We screened 92 intestinal and stool samples from diarrheic piglets by RT‒PCR targeting the VP6 gene, revealing a prevalence of 10.9%. RVA was confirmed in two out of 5 calf samples. We successfully isolated two porcine samples using MA104 cell line. The full-length genetic constellation of the two isolates were determined to be G9-P[23]-I5-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T7-E1-H1, with close similarity to human Wa-like and porcine strains. Sequence analysis revealed the majority of genes were closely related to porcine and human RVAs. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these isolates might have their ancestral origin from pigs, although some of their gene segments were related to human strains. This study reveals evidence of reassortment and possible interspecies transmission between pigs and humans in China.
Families affected by HIV and AIDS require access to a comprehensive continuum of services. Findings from our own and other recently completed federally sponsored intervention trials and other studies could be used to help expand and enhance these services. However, a number of fundamental questions must first be answered about the feasibility of "technology transfer." This study will address this issue by conducting individual interviews and focus groups with providers from 64 medical care and social service settings. Data will also be obtained through a comprehensive assessment of providers' capacities to serve families and to participate in technology transfer, including dimensions of organizational mission and leadership, availability of resources, and connections in the community. Thirty patients/clients served by each setting along with approximately twenty of their family members will also be individually interviewed to assess their needs for services, factors that affect their desire for family-oriented services, and their willingness to take part in psychosocial intervention studies. Data analysis will determine how initial setting readiness and setting capacities, and feedback about patient and family needs and willingness to participate in research, influence change in readiness, interest in capacity building and participation in research partnership activities. We will also conduct hierarchical data analyses to better understand how providers' readiness and capacities are related to clients'and families' service needs, barriers to participation, and willingness to participate in research. Study findings will guide efforts to implement family-oriented intervention research in frontline community service settings, and will help to establish a scientific framework for studying the process of technology transfer. Additionally, this project will lay the groundwork for sustained research collaboration with the network of community providers participating in this study to further explore ways to address the needs of families affected by HIV/AIDS.
PURPOSE:To extract a dynamic component only from image information by using a differential induction type photosensitive element as a photoelectric conversion element. CONSTITUTION:A differential induction type photoelectric conversion element, when the light on which the pattern of the light intensity is a rectangular wave is made incident, gives a positive response in a moment when the lights is inputted, when the incident light is a constant quantity, gives instantaneously 0 as a stationary output, and when the light is interrupted, gives a negative response in a moment. As the sensitive material suitable for the response, the sensitive chromoprotein is exemplified. The chromoprotein used preferably especially is bacteriorhodopsin. The photoelectric conversion element consists of a hydrophilic layer including 2 types of the electrode and the thin film and electrolyte of the bacteriorhodopsin sandwiched between them. The extraction of a dynamic image in the image using the element directly uses the above-mentioned differential response, and the change of the light quantity given by the incidence of the light information of the dynamic component is selectively caught in the shape of the current response. Thus, only the dynamic component can be selectively extracted from image information in the shape of the electric signal.
In the recently updated German S2k Guideline "Diagnostics and Therapy of Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism," a new chapter was incorporated about recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients on anticoagulation treatment. Despite the high efficacy of anticoagulation in most patients, approximately 2% experience a recurrent VTE event while receiving anticoagulant drugs. The proper diagnosis of the recurrent VTE is important and possible only with the knowledge of localization and thrombus burden of the primary VTE event. Possible reasons for recurrent VTE events in patients on anticoagulation are non-adherence to medication, sub-therapeutic drug levels due to resorption disorders or drug interactions, or concomitant disease with high thrombogenicity. Cancer is the most common underlying disease, but it is important to investigate and understand possible other causes whenever a breakthrough VTE event occurs. This results in the recommendation that in patients with VTE recurrence on therapeutic anticoagulation, in particular, the presence of malignant disease, antiphospholipid syndrome, and rare diseases like paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria or Behçet's disease should be considered. For VTE recurrence during heparin therapy, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia type II needs to be ruled out, even if platelet counts are within the normal range. Although the mechanisms of recurrence on anticoagulation can be evaluated in a certain degree, clinical evidence for the management of recurrent VTE in anticoagulated patients is minimal and mainly based on expert opinion. Switching anticoagulant medication and intensifying anticoagulant treatment are possible options.
OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the individual clinical benefit of temoporfin-mediated photodynamic therapy for palliative treatment in patients with recurrent, refractory, or second primary squamous cell cancer of the head and neck. II. Determine the improvement in global, functional, and symptomatic measures of quality of life in these patients. III. Determine the toxic effects, tolerability, and safety of this regimen in these patients. IV. Determine the population pharmacokinetics, objective tumor response (complete and partial), and the 1 year survival of these patients on this regimen.

OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study. Patients receive IV temoporfin on day -4, followed by laser light therapy on day 0. Patients are treated every 4 to 16 weeks for a maximum of 3 courses. Patients are evaluated on days 1, 2, 7, and weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 16 following laser light therapy. Quality of life is assessed at baseline through week 12 of follow-up. Patients are followed monthly for 4 months after the final treatment, then every 3 months for 1 year.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A minimum of 50 prospective and 25 retrospective patients will be accrued for this study.
Adult Patients: Following oral administration of lisinopril, peak serum concentrations of lisinopril occur within about 7 hours, although there was a trend to a small delay in time taken to reach peak serum concentrations in acute myocardial infarction patients. Food does not alter the bioavailability of lisinopril. Declining serum concentrations exhibit a prolonged terminal phase, which does not contribute to drug accumulation. This terminal phase probably represents saturable binding to ACE and is not proportional to dose. Upon multiple dosing, lisinopril exhibits an effective half-life of 12 hours.

Lisinopril does not appear to be bound to other serum proteins. Lisinopril does not undergo metabolism and is excreted unchanged entirely in the urine. Based on urinary recovery, the mean extent of absorption of lisinopril is approximately 25%, with large intersubject variability (6-60%) at all doses tested (5 mg to 80 mg). The absolute bioavailability of lisinopril is reduced to 16% in patients with stable NYHA Class II-IV congestive heart failure, and the volume of distribution appears to be slightly smaller than that in normal subjects. The oral bioavailability of lisinopril in patients with acute myocardial infarction is similar to that in healthy volunteers.

Impaired renal function decreases elimination of lisinopril, which is excreted principally through the kidneys, but this decrease becomes clinically important only when the glomerular filtration rate is below 30 mL/min. Above this glomerular filtration rate, the elimination half-life is little changed. With greater impairment, however, peak and trough lisinopril levels increase, time to peak concentration increases and time to attain steady state is prolonged [see Dosage and Administration (2.4)]. Lisinopril can be removed by hemodialysis.

Pediatric Patients: The pharmacokinetics of lisinopril were studied in 29 pediatric hypertensive patients between 6 years and 16 years with glomerular filtration rate > 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 .After doses of 0.1 to 0.2 mg per kg, steady state peak plasma concentrations of lisinopril occurred within 6 hours and the extent of absorption based on urinary recovery was about 28%. These values are similar to those obtained previously in adults. The typical value of lisinopril oral clearance (systemic clearance/absolute bioavailability) in a child weighing 30 kg is 10 L/h, which increases in proportion to renal function.
The invention provides a method for extracting an antineoplastic active component from Armillaria luteo-virens. The method comprises the following steps: grinding Armillaria luteo-virens fruiting body into a powder and extracting with ethyl acetate; fetching a supernatant and carrying out one-dimension liquid phase separation: adopting a Silica normal-phase silica gel column and binary organic phases including A phase n-hexane and B phase ethanol, and carrying out gradient elution with concentration of the B phase being 0-75%; collecting 10-14 min eluant and carrying out two-dimension liquid phase separation by the elution mode of isocratic elution with concentration of the B phase being 4-8%; and collecting 6-8 min eluant and carrying out three-dimensional liquid phase separation by the elution mode of isocratic elution with concentration of the B phase being 2-3%, and collecting 7.5-12 min eluant and drying by evaporation so as to obtain a target product. According to the method, separation and purification are carried out by high performance liquid chromatography. Repeatability is high, preparation quantity is large, and operation is simple and time-saving. It is found through experiments that the compound has an inhibitory effect on Hep-g2. Thus, the compound has an anti-cancer drug developing potential and provides theoretical foundation for research and development of new drugs.