anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The present invention is of an electrode comprising an electrode substrate, wherein the electrode substrate has an electrode side and a back side; a conductive material layer disposed on the back side of the electrode substrate; and an insoluble electroactive material disposed on the electrode side of the electrode substrate. The electrode substrate can be a conductive substrate or a non-conductive substrate. In an embodiment wherein the substrate is a non-conductive substrate, the electrode can include vias which extend from the electrode substrate backside to the electrode side of the substrate. In some embodiments, the electroactive material is zinc and the conductive material is silver. The present invention provides an electrode with improved current distribution and high capacity, which can provide higher current and/or higher voltage. In addition, the present invention provides a dermal patch, which includes a higher powered, high capacity electrode with uniform current distribution. Still further the present invention provides methods of making the electrode and of attaching the electrode to a power source.
BACKGROUND: The proliferative zone of colonic adenomas is confined to the upper third of the crypt or is scattered along its entire axis. In contrast, there are unusual adenomas with proliferative zones confined to the lower two-thirds of the crypt. We investigated the frequency and endoscopic features of adenomas with lower proliferative zones.
METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopies between September 2022 and March 2023 at the Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic. Colorectal polyps were endoscopically assessed using the Japan Narrow-Band Imaging Expert Team (JNET) classification. All resected polyps were histologically examined, and the proliferative zone locations were assessed in the adenomas.
RESULTS: The frequency of adenomas with a lower proliferative zone was 1.8% (44/2420) in adenomas. Among these adenomas, JNET type 1 incidence was 43.2% (19/44), which was significantly higher than that in adenomas with a normal proliferative zone. Adenomas with a lower proliferative zone were diminutive (mean size: 2.5 mm) and prone to develop in the proximal colon.
CONCLUSION: Colonic adenomas with proliferative zones confined to the lower two-thirds of the crypt often appear as diminutive, hyperplastic polyps.
In a triple-blind, placebo-controlled experiment, 72 adult male subjects will be randomly allocated to either receive oral oxytocin (24IU - medicated lollipop - n = 36) or placebo (lollipop without oxytocin - n = 36). After treatment allocation, all subjects will first fill out a set of questionnaires as a control for potential confounders, including Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Autism Spectrum Quotient (ASQ), the Second Version of Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), and Positive Affect Negative Affect Scale (PANAS). Immediately before and 30 minutes after oral treatment administration, subjects will have 5 ml blood samples taken for assay of oxytocin concentrations. Subjects will sit quietly and relax in between blood samples. After the second blood sample, subjects will be positioned sitting in front of an eye-tracking machine and briefly practicing the anti-saccade task. Subjects will then perform the full anti-saccade eye-tracking task, which includes both social (emotional faces - angry, fear, happy, sad, and neutral) and non-social (oval shapes or houses) stimuli (similar to previous studies using intranasal -see NCT03486925 and NCT04493515). After the task, subjects will be asked to guess which treatment they received, and their ability to do so analyzed using chi-squared. Treatment effects on primary (anti-saccade and pro-saccade errors and response latencies) outcomes will be analyzed using ANOVAs. In a secondary analysis, associations between primary outcome measures and basal and altered oxytocin concentrations will be analyzed using Pearson or Spearman correlations. Additionally, a comparison between the effects of oxytocin administered intranasally, lingually (using previously published data), and orally (medicated lollipop) on outcome measures will be analyzed using ANOVA.
Infantile spasms, newly classified as infantile epileptic spasm syndrome (IESS), occur in children under 2 years of age and present as an occur as brief, symmetrical, contractions of the musculature of the neck, trunk, and extremities. When infantile spasms occur with a concomitant hypsarrhythmia on electroencephalogram (EEG) and developmental regression, it is known as West Syndrome. There is no universally accepted mainstay of treatment for this condition, but some options include synthetic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), repository corticotropin injection (RCI/Acthar Gel), corticosteroids, valproic acid, vigabatrin, and surgery. Without effective treatment, infantile spasms can cause an impairment of psychomotor development and/or cognitive and behavioral functions. The first-line treatment in the USA is ACTH related to high efficacy for cessation of infantile spasms long-term and low-cost profile. Acthar Gel is a repository corticotropin intramuscular injection that became FDA-approved for the treatment of IESS in 2010. Though it is believed that ACTH, Acthar Gel, and corticosteroids all work via a negative feedback pathway to decrease corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) release, their safety and efficacy profiles all vary. Vigabatrin and valproic acid are both anti-seizure medications that work by increasing GABA concentrations in the CNS and decreasing excitatory activity. Acthar Gel has been shown to have superior efficacy and a diminished side effect profile when compared with other treatment modalities.
The invention provides an externally-used traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating migraine. According to the composition, ligusticum wallichii is taken as a monarch drug in a prescription; fructus viticis, radix angelicae and notopterygium root for dispelling wind and relieving pain are taken as ministerial drugs; rhizoma corydalis is used for assisting in the monarch drug, the ministerial drugs are used for relieving pain, radix achyranthis bidentatae is used for ensuring proper downward flow of blood, and all the drugs are taken adjuvant drugs; and platycodon grandiflorum is taken a conductant drug. The drugs are combined for clearing upward flow and reducing downward flow, clearing heat in head, bringing illness out and rising qi while reducing heat so as to achieve the effects of dispersing blood stasis, dispelling wind and relieving pain. The drugs can be coordinated by honey. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is applied to acupoints of Yifeng, Geshu, Fengshi, Yongquan and Taichong on the two sides of a human body. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is reasonable in combination, and can be used for fulfilling the effects of dispersing blood stasis, relaxing bowels, dispelling wind and relieving pain in a comprehensive manner. Modern researches show that when the traditional Chinese medicine composition is applied to the corresponding acupoints, the traditional Chinese medicine composition can be better absorbed through the specific parts, the acupoints can be stimulated, meridian qi of main and collateral channels can be excited, the dual functions of the composition and the main and collateral channels can be brought into play, and thus the aim of preventing and treating diseases can be achieved. The total effective rate of the externally-used traditional Chinese medicine composition is up to 89.8%.
Alternative splicing (AS), an important post-transcriptional regulation mechanism in eukaryotes, can significantly increase transcript diversity and contribute to gene expression regulation and many other complicated developmental processes. While plant gene AS events are well described, few studies have investigated the comprehensive regulation machinery of plant AS. Here, we use multi-omics to analyse peanut AS events. Using long-read isoform sequencing, 146 464 full-length non-chimeric transcripts were obtained, resulting in annotation corrections for 1782 genes and the identification of 4653 new loci. Using Iso-Seq RNA sequences, 271 776 unique splice junctions were identified, 82.49% of which were supported by transcriptome data. We characterized 50 977 polyadenylation sites for 23 262 genes, 12 369 of which had alternative polyadenylation sites. AS allows differential regulation of the same gene by miRNAs at the isoform level coupled with polyadenylation. In addition, we identified many long non-coding RNAs and fusion transcripts. There is a suppressed effect of 6mA on AS and gene expression. By analysis of chromatin structures, the genes located in the boundaries of topologically associated domains, proximal chromosomal telomere regions, inter- or intra-chromosomal loops were found to have more unique splice isoforms, higher expression, lower 6mA and more transposable elements (TEs) in their gene bodies than the other genes, indicating that chromatin interaction, 6mA and TEs play important roles in AS and gene expression. These results greatly refine the peanut genome annotation and contribute to the study of gene expression and regulation in peanuts. This work also showed AS is associated with multiple strategies for gene regulation.
The electronic cigarette (E-Cigarette) is an electronic nicotine delivery systems designed for the purpose of nicotine delivery to the respiratory system where nor tobacco nor combustion are necessary for its operation. For these reasons, it is possible that this product may be safer than cigarettes. Marketing claims also include that they can be useful smoking cessation aids. Although E-Cigarette may produce lung delivery of nicotine similar to that of tobacco cigarettes and reproduces the gesture component associated with tobacco smoking, very little is known about the effect of E-Cigarette on the smoking habits of regular tobacco smokers. Therefore, we designed a prospective observational study consisting of 8 office-based visits (a baseline visit and a 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12-weeks and a final visit at 24-weeks) to monitor possible modifications in the smoking habits of a group of well characterized regular smokers experimenting the e-cigarette focusing on long-term smoking reduction/abstinence, changes in withdrawal symptoms/cravings and adverse events. Specifically, 100 smokers will be given "Categoria" electronic cigarette initially loaded with "ORIGINAL" 7.4 mg nicotine cartridges for 6 weeks followed by "CATEGORIA" 5.2 mg nicotine cartridges for a further 6 weeks. A final follow up visit will be carried out at 24 weeks.
There is a group of social assistance recipients who have difficulties in entering the labor market and thus remains in a long-term dependency on social assistance. More knowledge about individuals receiving long-term social assistance is needed in order to improve into-work interventions for this group. Therefore, this study aims to describe variables of health, function and activity in participants receiving long-term social assistance. Individuals who have received social assistance during more than three years, who report physical and/or psychological difficulties, and/or have a complex social situation will be asked for participation in a six months activity-based investigation including contact with social worker, psychologist, occupational therapist, physical therapist and labor market consultant. The intervention aims to clarify the participants hinders and resources for entering the labor market. The participants are going to answer a questionnaire about health, function, and activity before and after the investigation. In addition, the participants function and ability to perform activities will be classified using the International Classification of Functioning (ICF). Data from the questionnaires and from ICF recordings will be used to describe variables of health, function and ability to be active. Participants who manage to get closer to, or enter into, the labor market will be asked to participate in a qualitative interview study about the experiences of the change. In addition, social workers will be asked to participate in focus-group interviews about experiences from the professional contact and work with the participants. The quantitative data will be analysed using traditional statistics and multivariate data analysis. Qualitative data will be analysed using qualitative content analysis.
Patients receive anti-endosialin/TEM1 monoclonal antibody MORAb-004 IV on days 1, 8, 15, and 22. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 13 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Placebo matching LY2409021 and sitagliptin given orally once daily in the morning for 12 months (52 weeks). Participants remain on stable doses of metformin and sulfonylurea, as prescribed by their personal physician.
Participants received omalizumab subcutaneously at the same dose and dosing interval as administered prior to enrollment in this study. The dose of omalizumab was either a minimum of 0.008 mg/kg/IgE (IU/mL) every 2 weeks or a minimum of 0.016 mg/kg/IgE (IU/mL) every 4 weeks for 48 weeks.
ASMANEX HFA is a metered dose inhaler for oral inhalation only, consisting of 50 mcg, 100 mcg, or 200 mcg of mometasone furoate per actuation.

Mometasone furoate, the active component of ASMANEX HFA, is a corticosteroid having the chemical name 9,21-dichloro-11(Beta),17-dihydroxy-16 (alpha)-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 17-(2-furoate) with the following chemical structure:

Mometasone furoate is a white powder with an empirical formula of C27H30Cl2O6, and molecular weight 521.44. It is practically insoluble in water; slightly soluble in methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol; soluble in acetone.

ASMANEX HFA 50 mcg, 100 mcg, and 200 mcg are each formulated as a hydrofluoroalkane (HFA-227: 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane) propelled pressurized metered dose inhaler containing sufficient amount of drug for 120 actuations [see How Supplied/Storage and Handling (16)]. After priming, each actuation of the inhaler delivers 60, 115, or 225 mcg of mometasone furoate in 69.6 mg of suspension from the valve and delivers 50, 100, or 200 mcg of mometasone furoate from the actuator. The actual amount of drug delivered to the lung may depend on patient factors, such as the coordination between actuation of the device and inspiration through the delivery system. ASMANEX HFA also contains ethanol as a cosolvent and oleic acid as a surfactant.

ASMANEX HFA should be primed before using for the first time by releasing 4 test sprays into the air, away from the face, shaking well before each spray. In cases where the inhaler has not been used for more than 5 days, prime the inhaler again by releasing 4 test sprays into the air, away from the face, shaking well before each spray.
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) is a significant factor in determining aquaculture production. Since the microbiota of Artemia can colonize the gut in larvae, various microorganisms transmitted from Artemia can affect host larval health. Although the microbiota composition of Artemia would be essential in determining aquaculture productivity, our understanding on microbiome of Artemia is still insufficient. Through our study, we identified the species of Artemia cysts supplied by three different manufacturers (P1, P2, and P3) with investigation of size and hatching efficiency. The species of Artemia from P1 was identified as A. tibetiana, and P2 and P3 was A. franciscana. A. tibetiana hatched from the P1 cysts had the largest body size with the lowest hatching rate. Furthermore, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the microbiome present in the rearing water and the nauplius whole body from each product. We observed specific microbiota compositions, both beneficial and harmful, depending on the product types and the sample types. Additionally, we found that the microbiota composition in the rearing water was associated with the manufacturing environment, while the compositions in the nauplius whole body were species-specific. Notably, we discovered that an extract containing microbiota from the nauplius sample of P3 increased the hatching rate of A. tibetiana, indicating a positive role in Artemia culture. These findings demonstrate that the microbial communities present in Artemia vary according to the product and/or species, underscoring their significance in aquaculture production.
People who are prescribed self-administered medications frequently take less than half the doses. Poor adherence to medication regimens is associated with worsening of disease, death and increased health care costs in the United States. The few studies conducted in the emergency department (ED) setting suggest that between 7 to 45 percent of patients do not fill their prescription; one study conducted in Canada reported that 45% of ED patients did not follow their prescribed regimen. One strategy that may improve medication adherence among ED patients is a better information exchange between the patient, provider and the health care system. This study will use a randomized controlled trial to test the effect that two alternative ways of delivering information prescriptions (IRxs) have on medication adherence and treatment outcomes of ED patients.

ED patients treated and released with a prescribed medication(s) from three hospitals serving different patient populations in the Baltimore metropolitan area over a 9 month period will be included in the study. Research assistants will consent eligible patients, interview them prior to ED discharge and randomize subjects to one of four study groups: (1) usual care (medication prescription and instructions provided at discharge); (2) practical assistance which consists of giving information to help subject obtain medicine (i.e. programs that offer drugs more cheaply, pharmacy hours of operation, etc)(3) an IRx that includes a MedlinePlus referral plus written information from MedlinePlus customized to the subject's health problem and prescribed medication; or (4) an IRx that consists of practical assistance and MedlinePlus referral plus customized written information from MedlinePlus plus access to information services provided by a medical librarian, herein referred to as a clinical informationist or informationist. Subjects will be contacted by telephone one week post ED visit and queried about medication use and patient outcomes (self-reported health, satisfaction with ED visit, and ED revisits or hospitalizations) and use of Internet to access health information. Medication instructions and ED discharge diagnosis data will be extracted from subjects' electronic medical record and use of informationist services documented. Medication adherence rates and patient outcomes will be compared among study groups. Self-reported use of MedlinePlus will also be compared to electronic data for all subjects. Self-reported medication and ED revisits/hospitalizations will be compared to pharmacy claims and utilization data for subjects covered by Medicaid.
PLD 40mg/m2 every 28 days intravenous for up to 6 cycles. This treatment will be combined with Olaparib (as described earlier).
Tracking overactive bladder disorder can be an important part of managing the disease. It can help the patient and the health care providers keep a tab on what is working to help manage OAB symptoms. Tracking urination patterns can actually help patients normalize their bladder problems. By focusing on certain behaviors and habits that contribute to their OAB and changing those behaviors, patients can effectively control OAB symptoms. The Oabi mobile application has been created with the goal of helping patients learn more about their day-to-day symptoms as well as track and self-manage their symptoms. Additionally, the Oabi app connects patients with their HCP via a clinician portal to boost communication, and encourage patient-provider interaction. The goal of this pilot study is to evaluate the usability and acceptability of the Oabi mobile app.
Oxytocin, a neuropeptide hormone, plays an important role in the dynamic function of the brain and a variety of complex social behaviors including affiliation, sexual behavior, social recognition, and aggression. Oxytocin is best known for its role to facilitate the birth process through induction of uterine smooth muscle contractions. Oxytocin is primarily used to induce labor, and contract the uterus after delivery. Oxytocin is considered the first line uterotonic to prevent and treat uterine atony and manage postpartum hemorrhage. Currently, there is no instrument that is capable of point-of-care oxytocin detection. A practical research tool to monitor peripheral levels of both endogenous and exogenous oxytocin is therefore needed to better understanding the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oxytocin in the mother, fetus and newborn. A better understanding of drug concentration and effect may lead to optimal dosing and better management of induction of labor and/or uterine atony after delivery.

With increased research on the importance of oxytocin monitoring, a bedside oxytocin monitor is envisioned that would allow healthcare professionals to improve our pharmacokinetic/dynamic understanding of oxytocin and to monitor and adjust the dose of oxytocin administered during childbirth. Currently, there is no instrument that is capable of point-of-care oxytocin detection.
Signs and Symptoms

Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, headache, fever, joint pain, pruritus, and edema. Aplastic anemia (pancytopenia) or agranulocytosis may be manifested in hours to days. Less frequent events are hepatitis, nephrotic syndrome, exfoliative dermatitis, neuropathies, and CNS stimulation or depression. Although not well studied, methimazole-induced agranulocytosis is generally associated with doses of 40 mg or more in patients older than 40 years of age.

No information is available on the median lethal dose of the drug or the concentration of methimazole in biologic fluids associated with toxicity and/or death.

Treatment

To obtain up-to-date information about the treatment of overdose, a good resource is your certified Regional Poison Control Center. Telephone numbers of certified poison control centers are listed in the “Physicians’ Desk Reference (PDR)”. In managing overdosage, consider the possibility of multiple drug overdoses, interaction among drugs, and unusual drug kinetics in your patient.

Protect the patient’s airway and support ventilation and perfusion. Meticulously monitor and maintain, within acceptable limits, the patient’s vital signs, blood gases, serum electrolytes, etc. The patient’s bone marrow function should be monitored. Absorption of drugs from the gastrointestinal tract may be decreased by giving activated charcoal, which, in many cases, is more effective than emesis or lavage; consider charcoal instead of or in addition to gastric emptying. Repeated doses of charcoal over time may hasten elimination of some drugs that have been absorbed. Safeguard the patient’s airway when employing gastric emptying or charcoal.

Forced diuresis, peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, or charcoal hemoperfusion have not been established as beneficial for an overdose of methimazole.