anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Emtricitabine and tenofovir are principally eliminated by the kidney; however, EFV is not. Renal impairment, including cases of acute renal failure and Fanconi syndrome (renal tubular injury with severe hypophosphatemia), has been reported with the use of TDF, a component of ATRIPLA [see Adverse Reactions (6.2)].

Prior to initiation and during use of ATRIPLA, on a clinically appropriate schedule, assess serum creatinine, estimated creatinine clearance, urine glucose, and urine protein in all patients. In patients with chronic kidney disease, also assess serum phosphorus. ATRIPLA is not recommended in patients with moderate or severe renal impairment (estimated creatinine clearance below 50 mL/min). 

ATRIPLA should be avoided with concurrent or recent use of a nephrotoxic agent (e.g., high-dose or multiple non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs]) [see Drug Interactions (7.2)]. Cases of acute renal failure after initiation of high-dose or multiple NSAIDs have been reported in HIV-infected patients with risk factors for renal dysfunction who appeared stable on TDF. Some patients required hospitalization and renal replacement therapy. Alternatives to NSAIDs should be considered, if needed, in patients at risk for renal dysfunction.

Persistent or worsening bone pain, pain in extremities, fractures, and/or muscular pain or weakness may be manifestations of proximal renal tubulopathy and should prompt an evaluation of renal function in patients at risk of renal dysfunction.

Discontinue ATRIPLA in patients who develop clinically significant decreases in renal function or evidence of Fanconi syndrome.
The invention relates to a preparation method of high-purity biotoxicity-free artemisinin and belongs to the field of botanical drug active ingredient extraction technology. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing an aseptic composite medium, inoculating artemisinin containing sweet wormwood, using indoleacetic acid for diversion, enriching on leaves, rotting, hydrolyzing, going mouldy, finally collecting mould, carrying out column elution, and distilling to obtain the biotoxicity-free artemisinin. Artemisinin-enriched leaves are hydrolyzed, and polypeptide and amino acid formed after vegetable protein in leaves is hydrolyzed are compounded with peroxy-radical in artemisinin. Therefore, biotoxicity of arteannuic acid is improved, safety of artemisinin can be greatly enhanced, and thread to biosafety is then reduced. By the prepared artemisinin, isoleucine intake of plasmodium can be reduced by 90% and above. Irritability of the prepared artemisinin to human body is lower than 0.5%. The product has strong safety. In addition, raw materials for extraction of artemisinin are environment-friendly and nuisanceless. Thus, the product causes no pollution to the environment.
The HOPE study was a large, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2 x 2 factorial design study conducted in 9541 patients (4645 on ramipril) who were 55 years or older and considered at high risk of developing a major cardiovascular event because of a history of coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, or diabetes that was accompanied by at least one other cardiovascular risk factor (hypertension, elevated total cholesterol levels, low HDL levels, cigarette smoking, or documented microalbuminuria). Patients were either normotensive or under treatment with other antihypertensive agents. Patients were excluded if they had clinical heart failure or were known to have a low ejection fraction (<0.40). This study was designed to examine the long-term (mean of 5 years) effects of ramipril (10 mg orally once daily) on the combined endpoint of myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes.

The HOPE study results showed that ramipril (10 mg/day) significantly reduced the rate of myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes (826/4652 vs. 651/4645, relative risk 0.78), as well as the rates of the 3 components of the combined endpoint. The relative risk of the composite outcomes in the ramipril group as compared to the placebo group was 0.78% (95% confidence interval, 0.70–0.86). The effect was evident after about 1 year of treatment.

Figure 1. Kaplan-Meier Estimates of the Composite Outcome of Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, or Death from Cardiovascular Causes in the Ramipril Group and the Placebo Group

Ramipril was effective in different demographic subgroups (i.e., gender, age), subgroups defined by underlying disease (e.g., cardiovascular disease, hypertension), and subgroups defined by concomitant medication. There were insufficient data to determine whether or not ramipril was equally effective in ethnic subgroups.

This study was designed with a prespecified substudy in diabetics with at least one other cardiovascular risk factor. Effects of ramipril on the combined endpoint and its components were similar in diabetics (N=3577) to those in the overall study population.

Figure 2. The Beneficial Effect of Treatment with Ramipril on the Composite Outcome of Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, or Death from Cardiovascular Causes Overall and in Various Subgroups

Cerebrovascular disease was defined as stroke or transient ischemic attacks. The size of each symbol is proportional to the number of patients in each group. The dashed line indicates overall relative risk.

The benefits of ramipril were observed among patients who were taking aspirin or other anti-platelet agents, beta-blockers, and lipid-lowering agents as well as diuretics and calcium channel blockers.
A healthcare management system (100) is disclosed. A patient information collection module (110) collects health information of a patient, generates a unique patient identification number. A patient health monitoring module (120) monitors a plurality of health parameters of a registered patient, analyses a deviation in the plurality of health parameters monitored from a plurality of corresponding threshold limit of parameters. A prescription generation module (130) generates a digital prescription for the registered patient. A healthcare recommendation module (140) recommends one or more healthcare providers for serving the registered patient. An appointment scheduling module (150) schedules the medical appointment of one or more recommended healthcare providers with the registered patient, generates a token number corresponding to the medical appointment scheduled between the one or more recommended healthcare providers and the registered patient. A patient supporting module (160) generates a patient supporting recommendation for the registered patient to manage the healthcare service based on the disease diagnosed.
The invention belongs to ultrasonic therapy technology field, specifically relates to ultrasonic therapy coupling agent and its preparation methods and packaging equipment. Ultrasonic coupling agent contains weight percentage components as follows: Carbomer 0.5 ~ 10%, solvents 74 ~ 98.7%, metronidazole 0.1 to 2%, moisturizer 0.5 ~ 10%, antibiotic drugs 0.1 ~ 2 %, narcotic drugs 0.1 ~ 2%. The preparation method of ultrasonic coupling agent includes the steps: (1) weighing component according weight percentage; (2) mixing the components uniformly or dissolving them; (3) adjusting the pH to 5.5~8.0; (4) stirring fully and uniformly; (5) degassing canning and disinfecting. The packaging equipment of ultrasonic coupling agent, the device consists of container and catheters for containing ultrasonic coupling agent. The front end of catheter is to blunt round shape, the container is spring bottle-type or syringe-type. The invention can control the viscosity of the coupling agent with advantages of security, stability and good acoustic performance. The ultrasonic therapy using the coupling agent can effectively prevent skin burns and ultrasonic therapy smoother movement or slide caused bycoupling agent self, treatment surface is clean, and it has anti-infective role after treatment.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide rapamycin derivatives having potentially enhanced stability, different solubility profiles from rapamycin in liquid formulations and improved tissue distribution characteristics.  <P>SOLUTION: Isomers at the 15-C positions of rapamycin and of 42-C Epi-rapamycin, and pharmaceutically acceptable their salts or prodrugs are disclosed. These compounds are potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory agents and useful for treating restenosis, and immune and autoimmune diseases. Compositions containing the invented isomers and methods, for inhibiting cancer, fungal growth, restenosis, post-transplant tissue rejection, and immune and autoimmune diseases in a mammal, are also disclosed. The new rapamycin derivatives are preferably applicable to an implantable medical device, in particular, where local presence of these compounds for a prolonged time is an essential matter for the success of a drug-containing combination device.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
FIELD: veterinary science. SUBSTANCE: preparation obtained from bark of coniferous and leafy tree strains, citrus species and other vegetable raw has pectin (40-90% from the dry weight of the preparation) and lignin complex (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, monosaccharides - 10-60%) is used by oral route. The dose used for prophylactic aim is 0.16-0.177 g/kg of animal mass for 5 days and for curative aim - at the dose 0.22-0.23 g/kg of mass, 3 times per 24 h up to recovery. The use of the preparation does not exclude the use of conventional methods of treatment (antibacterial, rehydration and other agents). Therapeutical effectiveness of the method is 100% and prophylactic one - 73.3-79.7%. The use of pectosorbin decreases the recidivation period by 2.2-fold and percent of relapses - by 5.0-fold. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of the preparation. 3 cl, 2 tbl, 2 ex
Secondary intention healing (SIH) is often underutilized and has several advantages compared to primary surgical repair. Wound care is minimal, bleeding and infection are rare, and risks associated with primary closure (e.g. hematoma, suture granuloma, graft or flap failure) are non-existent. Importantly, SIH facilitates surveillance of tumor recurrence, whereas flaps and grafts may bury residual tumor. When used in appropriate anatomical locations, SIH leads to high patient satisfaction. However, SIH requires regular wound care that can be cumbersome to patients.

Prior studies utilizing biologic dressings have shown patients report better quality of life during the post-operative period related to less pain, decreased dressing changes, and faster healing times. Biologic dressings provide an alternative to surgical autografts and eliminate the risks associated with graft harvesting (e.g. pain, infection, and scarring). For many patients, the cosmetic outcome following healing is important. However, cosmetic outcome with SIH is variable and depends on many factors, namely location (e.g. concavities favorable), skin laxity, and underlying musculature. Exuberant granulation tissue, hypopigmented and telangiectatic scars are the most frequent adverse cosmetic outcomes with SIH.

The novel biomaterial APIS® (SweetBio, Inc. Memphis, TN) is an advanced synthesis of gelatin, manuka honey, and hydroxyapatite bioengineered to protect wounds, manage exudate, and maintain a moist environment. It is FDA cleared (FDA number K1827250) for wound management across 9 indications including surgical wounds. It has been used successfully in a small case series of 8 patients for post-operative Mohs surgical wounds on the head and distal lower extremities. Time to complete re-epithelialization was 6 weeks (42 days), suggesting a reduction in healing time compared to standard SIH times for the leg and head of 127 and 57 days, respectively. Use of this novel biomaterial to enhance SIH is hypothesized to reduce healing times when compared to standard SIH wound care. This provides a useful option to aid SIH in sites like the lower legs, where healing can be prolonged due to intrinsic factors (e.g., cardiovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes) or extrinsic factors (e.g., increased risk of surgical site infection following dermatologic surgery at sites below the knee).

Randomized, comparative studies evaluating augmented SIH compared to conventional SIH in dermatologic surgery are limited. This study aims to evaluate whether use of a novel biomaterial enhances SIH, particularly in shortening time to complete re-epithelialization. Patients undergoing Mohs micrographic surgery amenable to SIH on the head and distal lower extremities will be randomized into one of four groups (standard SIH or biomaterial APIS® enhanced SIH on the head or distal lower extremities). Patients will have regularly scheduled follow-up with questionnaires at each visit. The investigators aim to evaluate whether use of this novel biomaterial decreases complete re-epithelialization times, reduces infection rates, and improves cosmetic outcomes.
Subjects will be enrolled at any time if a biopsy is done between 3 months to 3 year post SPK transplant. Then, blood samples to test Omnigraft will be collected.
Alzheimer's disease is the commonest cause of dementia and describes a clinical syndrome made up of three domains. First, a neuro-psychological domain encompassing those deficits of cognitive function such as amnesia (memory loss), aphasia (language disturbance), apraxia (the inability to carry out motor tasks despite intact motor functions) and agnosia (the inability to recognize people or objects despite intact sensory functions). Second, a group of psychiatric symptoms and behavioral disturbances, which have been termed neuro-psychiatric features, non-cognitive phenomena, or behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia Alzheimer's disease is substantially increased among people aged 65 years or more, with a progressive decline in memory, thinking, language and learning capacity. Alzheimer's disease should be differentiated from normal age-related decline in cognitive function, which is more gradual and associated with less disability. Diabetes, hypertension, smoking, obesity, and dyslipidemia have all been found to increase risk as well a history of brain trauma, cerebrovascular disease, and vasculopathies.

Dementia affects approximately 5%-8% of individuals over age 65, 15%- 20% of individuals over age 75, and 25%-50% of individuals over age 85. Alzheimer disease is the most common dementia, accounting for 50%-75% of the total, with a greater proportion in the higher age ranges Dementia is expensive. The financial costs of managing Alzheimer's disease are enormous. The cost of illness is high in terms of both public and private resources. Families and caregivers who are required to provide care and patients affected by dementia also pay a high price in terms of their quality of life The primary goals of treatment are to maximize the patient's ability to function in daily life, maintain quality of life, slow the progression of symptoms, and treat depression or disruptive behaviors Low level laser therapy is a safe, non-invasive, and non-thermal modality that is based on a strong body of research dating back to the 1960.It involved in treating several conditions, the mechanisms of action involve the stimulation of mitochondria by the absorption of photons in cytochrome c oxidase, resulting in increased adenosine triphosphate production, reduced oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory effects, and increased focal cerebral blood flow
LAZANDA is available as a 5.3 mL capacity clear glass bottle with an attached metered-dose nasal spray pump incorporating a visual and audible spray counter, and a protective dust cover. Each glass bottle, contains 8 sprays of 100 mcL available in three different concentrations: 100 mcg/100 mcL, 300 mcg/100 mcL or 400 mcg/100 mcL concentration solution. Each bottle contains a net fill weight of 1.57 grams and, after priming, delivers 8 sprays.

The pump will remain primed for up to 5 days after priming or use. If the product has not been used for 5 days, re-prime by spraying once. The nasal spray delivers 8 full sprays. There are 3 product strengths and each 100 mcL spray contains either 100 mcg, 300 mcg or 400 mcg of fentanyl. Each bottle is supplied in a child-resistant container.

Bottles in their child-resistant containers are supplied in cartons containing 1 bottle with instructions for use.

Each carton contains one carbon-lined pouch per bottle for disposal of priming sprays, unwanted doses and residual fentanyl solution.

Store at up to 25°C. Do not freeze.

Note: Carton and bottle label colors are a secondary aid in product identification. Confirm the printed dosage before dispensing.

Store LAZANDA securely and dispose of properly [see Patient Counseling Information (17)].
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Jelly USP, 2% is a sterile aqueous product that contains a local anesthetic agent and is administered topically. See INDICATIONS for specific uses. 

Lidocaine Hydrochloride Jelly USP, 2% contains lidocaine hydrochloride which is chemically designated as acetamide, 2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-, monohydrochloride and has the following structural formula:

Composition of Lidocaine Hydrochloride Jelly USP, 2%

Each mL contains 20 mg of lidocaine hydrochloride, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose as a viscosity-increasing agent. Sodium hydroxide may have been added to adjust pH to meet USP limits of 6 to 7. Carboxymethylcellulose sodium adjusts the resulting mixture to a suitable consistency, to enhance contact with mucosa and provide lubrication for instrumentation. This product contains no preservative and any unused portion should be discarded after initial use.
Zhankuic acid A (ZAA) is the major pharmacologically active compound of Taiwanofungus camphoratus. We analyzed the structure of human TLR4/MD-2 complex with ZAA by X-score and HotLig modeling approaches. Two antibodies against MD-2 were used to verify the MD-2/ZAA interaction. The inflammation and survival of the mice pretreated with ZAA and injected with LPS were monitored. The modeling structure shows that ZAA binds the MD-2 hydrophobic pocket exclusively via specific molecular recognition; the contact interface is dominated by hydrophobic interactions. Binding of ZAA to MD-2 reduced antibody recognition to native MD-2, similar to the effect of LPS binding. Furthermore, ZAA significantly ameliorated LPS-induced endotoxemia and Salmonella-induced diarrhea in mice. Our results indicate that ZAA, which can compete with LPS for binding to MD-2 as a TLR4/MD-2 antagonist, is a potential therapeutic agent for Gram-negative bacterial infections.
Hebb repetition learning (HRL) refers to neurodevelopmental processes characterised by repeated stimulus exposure without feedback, which result in changes in behaviour and/or responses, e.g., long-term learning of serial order. Here, we investigate effects of HRL on serial order memory. The present research aimed to assess the reliability of new HRL measures and investigate their relationships with language and reading skills (vocabulary, grammar, word reading) in adolescents with intellectual disability (ID). A comparison group of children of similar mental age with typical development (TD) was also assessed. ID and TD groups were tested on HRL tasks, evaluating test-retest and split-half reliability. The relationship between HRL and language and reading was analysed after accounting for the influence of mental age and verbal short-term memory. The HRL tasks displayed moderate test-retest (and split-half) reliability, HRL tasks with different stimuli (verbal, visual) were related, and we identified issues with one method of HRL scoring. The planned regression analyses failed to show relationships between HRL and language/reading skills in both groups when mental age, a very strong predictor, was included. However, further exploratory regression analyses without mental age revealed HRL's predictive capabilities for vocabulary in the ID group and reading in the TD group, results which need further investigation and replication. HRL displays promise as a moderately reliable metric and exhibits varied and interpretable predictive capabilities for language and reading skills across groups.
Patient-Centered Care (PCC), also known as individualized patient care or negotiated care, focuses on the patient's right to have his/her values and beliefs respected as an individual.This respect is viewed as part of a commitment to build a deep understanding of the patient as a thinking and feeling individual with the ability to change and develop. A person-centered model of care requires a nurse to work with an individual's beliefs, values, wants, needs and desires.This adaptation to a patient's personal needs requires the nurse to be flexible, respectful, and reciprocal when providing patient care. If the patient's expectations are not appropriate to the type of care needed to heal or if the patient refuses or denies a specific type of treatment that is known as influencing ones quality of care, the nurse must negotiate with the patient. Negotiation incorporates education, which is believed to increase the patient's level of understanding. In addition, negotiation allows the nurse and patient to define a level of treatment that is specific to the patient's needs but still seen as a quality indicator.

The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has listed PCC as one of six national quality aims for improvement. The IOM's vision is that all health professionals will be educated to provide and deliver PCC as part of an interdisciplinary team. In 2001, the IOM report "Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century" recommends a mixture of approaches to achieve their vision . These approaches include an appropriate training environment, research, public reporting and leadership. At present, there is little evidence to support the critical role nurse clinicians' play in providing PCC and satisfying patient's needs.
Juvenile dogs were treated for 40 weeks with oral risperidone doses of 0.31, 1.25, or 5 mg/kg/day. Decreased bone length and density were observed with a no-effect dose of 0.31 mg/kg/day. This dose produced plasma AUC levels of risperidone plus its active metabolite paliperidone (9-hydroxy-risperidone) which were similar to those in children and adolescents receiving the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 6 mg/day. In addition, a delay in sexual maturation was seen at all doses in both males and females. The above effects showed little or no reversibility in females after a 12 week drug-free recovery period.

In a study in which juvenile rats were treated with oral risperidone from days 12 to 50 of age, a reversible impairment of performance in a test of learning and memory was observed in females only with a no-effect dose of 0.63 mg/kg/day. This dose produced plasma AUC levels of risperidone plus paliperidone about half those observed in humans at the MRHD. No other consistent effects on neurobehavioral or reproductive development were seen up to the highest testable dose of 1.25 mg/kg/day. This dose produced plasma AUC levels of risperidone plus paliperidone which were about two thirds of those observed in humans at the MRHD.