anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Cholesterol is an essential component of the neuronal cell membrane and is crucial for neuronal function; however, the role of cholesterol levels in Parkinson's disease (PD) is debatable. This study investigated the complex relationship between total cholesterol (TC) levels, body mass index (BMI), and cognition in patients with PD.
METHODS: This study included 321 drug-naïve patients with PD who underwent dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging and baseline neuropsychological tests. Multivariate linear regression and Cox regression models were used to investigate the effect of TC levels on the composite score of each cognitive domain and dementia conversion after adjusting for covariates, respectively. Interaction analyses were performed to examine the interaction effect between TC levels and BMI on baseline cognition and dementia conversion.
RESULTS: TC levels and cognition showed no significant relationship after adjusting for potential confounders. A significant interaction effect between TC levels and BMI was observed in frontal/executive function and dementia conversion. Further analyses showed that TC levels were positively associated with frontal/executive function in the under-/normal weight group (β = 0.205, p = 0.013), whereas a negative relationship existed between TC levels and frontal/executive function in the obese group (β =  - 0.213, p = 0.017). Cox regression analyses also showed the differential effects of TC levels on dementia conversion according to BMI (under-/normal weight group: hazard ratio [HR] = 0.550, p = 0.013; obese group: HR = 2.085, p = 0.014).
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests a cross-over interaction between TC levels and BMI on cognitive symptoms in PD.
BACKGROUND: Previous meta-analyses combining randomized and observational evidence in cardiac surgery have shown positive impact of enhanced recovery protocols after surgery (ERAS) on postoperative outcomes. However, definitive data based on randomized studies are missing, and the entirety of the ERAS measures and pathway, as recently systematized in guidelines and consensus statements, have not been captured in the published studies. The available literature actually focuses on "ERAS-like" protocols or only limited number of ERAS measures. This study aims at analyzing all randomized studies applying ERAS-like protocols in cardiac surgery for perioperative outcomes.
METHODS: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing ERAS-like with standard protocols of perioperative care was performed (PROSPERO registration CRD42021283765). PRISMA guidelines were used for abstracting and assessing data.
RESULTS: Thirteen single center RCTs (N = 1704, 850 in ERAS-like protocol and 854 in the standard care group) were selected. The most common procedures were surgical revascularization (66.3%) and valvular surgery (24.9%). No difference was found in the incidence of inhospital mortality between the ERAS and standard treatment group (risk ratio [RR] 0.61 [0.31; 1.20], p = 0.15). ERAS was associated with reduced intensive care unit (standardized mean difference [SMD] -0.57, p < 0.01) and hospital stay (SMD -0.23, p < 0.01) and reduced rates of overall complications when compared to the standard protocol (RR 0.60, p < 0.01) driven by the reduction in stroke (RR 0.29 [0.13; 0.62], p < 0.01). A significant heterogeneity in terms of the elements of the ERAS protocol included in the studies was observed.
CONCLUSIONS: ERAS-like protocols have no impact on short-term survival after cardiac surgery but allows for a faster hospital discharge while potentially reducing surgical complications. However, this study highlights a significant nonadherence and heterogeneity to the entirety of ERAS protocols warranting further RCTs in this field including a greater number of elements of the framework.
The device is called LectraJet M3 and has recently been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (or FDA), the government agency that oversees the approval of new medical devices. The approval is called a 510(k) and allows for the marketing and use of the device in the United States (US). Devices under a 510(k) do not need to have clinical trials performed. The researchers are performing this study in order to collect clinical data in a controlled environment. Non significant risk (NSR) devices such as the LectraJet may be studied in clinical trials with or without a 510(k). Currently there are several other disposable-syringe jet injectors that are also FDA approved for sale and use in the United States, including: 1) Biojector® 2000 , 2) Medi-Jector Vision, and 3) Injex™. These devices have been used to deliver millions of injections in a variety of healthcare settings. The LectraJet® is jet injector that is most suited for mass immunization campaigns due to the ability to power the device with a foot pedal as well as electricity and the speed with which immunizations can be delivered. It is designed so that vaccine delivery characteristics are the same as that of the licensed disposable-syringe jet injectors.

Giving vaccines without needles (needle-free vaccine delivery) may be better than giving them using a needle for many reasons. One method for giving shots without needles is a technique called jet injection. This is what the researchers are testing in this study. A jet injector pushes the vaccine fluid out of a small hole at a high enough speed to allow the vaccine to go under the subject's skin without needing a needle. Years ago, people got shots using jet injectors, but these older devices reused the same "nozzle" or hole through which the fluid was forced. Newer jet injectors, including the one the researchers are testing in this study, use disposable cartridges to hold the vaccine. So, the only thing that touches the subject's skin is their own cartridge, which gets thrown away after injection.

In this study, the volunteers are getting the licensed seasonal flu vaccine to see if the jet injector works as well as giving the vaccine by needle and syringe. The seasonal flu vaccine that the researchers are using is called trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV). It is licensed in the US to protect people 6 months of age and older against influenza. Influenza is a virus that is also commonly known as the "flu". The flu is a serious illness that kills over 35,000 people per year in the US alone. The flu virus constantly changes and that is why people who are at risk for developing complications from the flu, such as children, the elderly, and people with underlying health conditions need to be vaccinated every year. Volunteers will receive the 2009-2010 annual seasonal flu vaccine called TIV either by needle and syringe or by jet injection. The researchers will compare the side effects and see how well the vaccine generates an immune response when given by the two methods.
The main purpose for this study are to investigate the effects of KT and DT on pain, disability, physical functions, and quality of life, as well as PFM functions in postpartum women with PGP. 60 postpartum women with PGP will be randomized into one of the three groups:(1) kinesio taping group,(2) dynamic taping group (3)control group, and receive 4 weeks intervention. All participants will receive 3 assessments at the baseline, immediately after first taping session, and after 4-week interventions. The outcome measures will include Visual Analog Scale measures of pain intensity, Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire/ Oswestry Disability Index/ Patient specific functional scale measures and Global rating of change score. for disability. The quality of life will be measured by 36-item Short-Form Survey， The Physical functions include Active Straight Leg Raise Fatigue task , Time up and go test,10-meter walk test. The PFM functions will be measured by Modified Oxford grading scale and Perineometer. It is expected that PGP women in both the KT group and DT group will have more improvements than the control group. But the DT group will have even more improvements than the KT groups.
Up to thirty-two obese pre-pubertal children will be recruited for this study. Up to sixteen will be boys and up to sixteen will be girls. The study will be a double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial using a randomized, but counter-balanced design. This will ensure equal numbers in the two groups that the children are randomized to, for each sex. The control group will receive placebo and the intervention group will receive essential amino acids plus arginine. The supplements (essential amino acids plus arginine, and placebo) will be given in the form of a drink twice a day for a total of 8 weeks. Both the participants and the investigators will be blinded to group assignment.

The primary endpoints of this study are to assess the effect of essential amino acids (EAA) plus arginine supplementation on lipid and protein metabolism. For this, liver lipid content, hepatic apoptosis, plasma lipids, apolipoprotein B-100 (apo B-100) levels, hepatic fatty oxidation, whole body insulin sensitivity, body composition and whole body protein turnover. will be compared between the intervention and placebo groups.
Grapheme-color synesthesia is expected to provide a clue to solving the "binding problem" of visual features. Synesthetic research uses non-synesthetes as a control group and shows that synesthetes perform better with synesthetic color congruency, while non-synesthetes' performances do not. However, non-synesthetes also have certain grapheme-color associations. Therefore, this study examined whether non-synesthetes' grapheme-color associations improve their performance in a visual search task. The results indicated that non-synesthetes were significantly faster at detecting congruent targets with their grapheme-color associations, such as red for "A," blue for "B," and yellow for "C." However, the effect was not found in relation to numerical characters. This study has implications for future neuroscience and consciousness research regarding grapheme-color synesthesia.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of piston diameter in patients undergoing primary stapes surgery on audiometric results and postoperative complications.
METHODS: A retrospective single-center cohort study was performed. Adult patients who underwent primary stapes surgery between January 2013 and April 2022 and received a 0.4-mm-diameter piston or a 0.6-mm-diameter piston were included. The primary and secondary outcomes were pre- and postoperative pure-tone audiometry, pre- and postoperative speech audiometry, postoperative complications, intraoperative anatomical difficulties, and the need for revision stapes surgery. The pure-tone audiometry included air conduction, bone conduction, and air-bone gap averaged over 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 kHz.
RESULTS: In total, 280 otosclerosis patients who underwent 321 primary stapes surgeries were included. The audiometric outcomes were significantly better in the 0.6 mm group compared to the 0.4 mm group in terms of gain in air conduction (median = 24 and 20 dB, respectively), postoperative air-bone gap (median = 7.5 and 9.4 dB, respectively), gain in air-bone gap (median = 20.0 and 18.1 dB, respectively), air-bone gap closure to 10 dB or less (75% and 59%, respectively) and 100% speech reception (median = 75 and 80 dB, respectively). We found no statistically significant difference in postoperative dizziness, postoperative complications and the need for revision stapes surgery between the 0.4 and 0.6 mm group. The incidence of anatomical difficulties was higher in the 0.4 mm group.
CONCLUSION: The use of a 0.6-mm-diameter piston during stapes surgery seems to provide better audiometric results compared to a 0.4-mm-diameter piston, and should be the preferred piston size in otosclerosis surgery. We found no statistically significant difference in postoperative complications between the 0.4- and 0.6-mm-diameter piston. Based on the results, we recommend always using a 0.6-mm-diameter piston during primary stapes surgery unless anatomical difficulties do not allow it.
The synthesis of a ceramic macroporous hydroxyapatite foam covered by two types of biopolymers is described, which allows capturing and immobilizing heavy metal ions. The foam is designed to be flexible, and thus make the journey through the digestive tract and perform different actions in its path. It is able to trap ions in acidic media (ph equal to that of the stomach) at body temperature and for periods equal to and greater than that of digestion, preventing them from reaching the blood. Once the heavy metal ions have been replaced in the crystal lattice, the foam in its original form and without apparent degradation also resists the simulated process of passage through the intestinal tract at basic ph without exchanging the ions with the medium and can be expelled by faecal route. In the same way, said foams could be used to treat contaminated water. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
Patients with chronic low back pain who voluntarily participate in the study will be randomly divided into three groups. Physical and demographic information of the patients participating in the study will be collected. The number of patients who will participate in the study will be determined by the power analysis to be performed at the beginning of the study. Low back pain, disability index and pain sensitivity will be measured before treatment, after treatment and at the 12th week. Evaluation of core muscles with shear wave would be done at the beginning of treatment and at the 12th week. The exercise program will be implemented in the hospital under the supervision of a physiotherapist for 6 weeks, and the next 6 weeks will be followed as a home program. Participants in the first group will be included in the exercise program planned in detail below, 2 days a week, and those in the second group 4 days a week. Patients included in the third group will be followed with a home exercise program. The exercise program is planned to be 40 minutes and the first 5 minutes of the program will be warm-up and the last 5 minutes will be cool-down exercises.

In the first phase of the exercise program, patients will be placed in the hook position and contraction of the transversus abdominis muscle and multifidus muscle will be taught. Then, patients will be asked to perform exercises that enable the activation of other muscles of the body while maintaining the contraction of the transversus abdominis and multifidus muscles, and these exercises will be progressed from easy to difficult exercises. During exercise, the activation of the patients' spinal stabilizer muscles will be kept under constant control and necessary warnings will be made in this regard. Exercises will initially start with 8-10 repetitions and gradually increase to 20 repetitions. All exercises will be performed in 2 sets and there will be 30 seconds of rest between sets.
BACKGROUND: Surgical selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) in appropriate pediatric cerebral palsy patients is an effective treatment for spasticity. However, there remains heterogeneity reported in postoperative pain management with and without opioid medication in this delicate cohort. The objective of this study was to aggregate pertinent metadata by means of systematic review to summarize all relevant postoperative pain regimens in the literature.
METHODS: Searches of multiple electronic databases from inception to June 2024 were conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Articles were screened against pre-specified criteria. Outcomes and regimens were then summarized.
RESULTS: A total of 16 cohort studies were included in this study published between 1989 and 2024. Amongst all studies, outcomes were reported for a total of 636 with median cohort age 6.3 years, and median cohort male proportion 62% was reported. Four studies reported regimens involving systemic analgesia, 8 studies reported regimens involving epidural analgesia, and the remaining 4 studies reported regimens involving intrathecal analgesia. All studies primary pain management involved opioid medication, with 8 studies having opioid medication available as indicated, 3 studies having opioid medication as a single dose, and the remaining studies having opioid medication as a continuous agent in the immediate postoperative period. Across all studies, rates of desaturations, nausea and/or vomiting, and pruritis ranged from 0 to 55%, 25 to 82%, and 15 to 70% respectively. Eleven of the 16 studies included a comparative component, demonstrating that their regimen was at least comparable to their control regimen, if not superior.
CONCLUSIONS: Multiple variations of postoperative pain management in pediatric cerebral palsy patients following SDR have been reported in the literature, involving systemic, epidural, and intrathecal analgesia. Concerns for adverse effects with the utilization of opioid medication has led to the trend towards multimodal pain management relying more on non-opioid medication regimens in the more recent literature.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate longitudinal associations between variations in the co-expression-based brain insulin receptor polygenic risk score and frailty, as well as change in frailty across follow-up.
METHODS: This longitudinal study included 1605 participants from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study. Biologically informed expression-based polygenic risk scores for the insulin receptor gene network, which measure genetic variation in the function of the insulin receptor, were calculated for the hippocampal (hePRS-IR) and the mesocorticolimbic (mePRS-IR) regions. Frailty was assessed in at baseline in 2001-2004, 2011-2013 and 2017-2018 by applying a deficit accumulation-based frailty index. Analyses were carried out by applying linear mixed models and logistical regression models adjusted for adult socioeconomic status, birthweight, smoking and their interactions with age.
RESULTS: The FI levels of women were 1.19%-points (95% CI 0.12-2.26, P = 0.029) higher than in men. Both categorical and continuous hePRS-IR in women were associated with higher FI levels than in men at baseline (P < 0.05). In women with high hePRS-IR, the rate of change was steeper with increasing age compared to those with low or moderate hePRS-IR (P < 0.05). No associations were detected between mePRS-IR and frailty at baseline, nor between mePRS-IR and the increase in mean FI levels per year in either sex (P > 0.43).
CONCLUSIONS: Higher variation in the function of the insulin receptor gene network in the hippocampus is associated with increasing frailty in women. This could potentially offer novel targets for future drug development aimed at frailty and ageing.
Patients assigned to interventional arm will receive treatment with a cytokine adsorption device (HA 380) within 72 hours of being admitted to ICU. This is in addition to standard evidence based ICU care. Each patient will receive 2 treatments each lasting a maximum of 6 hours in a 24 hour period.
Use retained cupping as the main cupping method, supplemented with flash cupping and/or moving cupping. First use empty cupping, which means the cups are removed after suction without delay, then practitioners should control the suction by gently moving the cup toward direction of DU and/or BL, repeat this moving for several times, finally cupping practitioners utilize the flaming heating power to achieve suction (minus pressure) inside the cups to make them apply on the desired part of the body. Cups should retain for 10 minutes daily, patients accept the treatment three times weekly for totally 15 times.
After 6 weeks, response to the first stage programs will be assessed and only the non-responders will be randomized a second time to (a) continue with the first stage programs or (b) High-intensity MI. In addition to continued access to My Health CheckUp, participants in this group will also be supported with 6 weekly, telephone-based MI sessions.
Iron sulphate group. Participants will receive oral ferrous sulphate (Tardyfer®) 160 mg daily for 6 weeks with instruction to take two tablets by mouth once daily 1 hour before meal. They will receive no additional iron supplementation.
Mouth hygiene compositions that reduce VSC by changing the growth conditions in the oral cavity in favor of bacteria capable of anaerobic respiration. Anaerobic respiration is a form of respiration that involves electron acceptors other than oxygen. Examples of such alternative electron acceptors are sulfates, nitrates, sulfur and fumarate. A shift towards anaerobic respirational growth of the microflora in the oral cavity is brought about using an oral hygiene composition that is rich in nitrates. Such a composition considerably reduces the production of VSC compounds, especially hydrogen sulfide. Moreover, it has been established that by using these oral hygiene compositions, the overall diversity of the mouth flora is not diminished, but rather shifted from an halitotic (strictly anaerobically growing) bacterial population to a less halitotic one. The compositions are suitably used to treat and/or prevent halitosis in mammals.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of chrysophanol on renal fibrosis and its molecular mechanism.
METHODS: Initially, potential targets of chrysophanol were predicted through network pharmacology analysis, and a protein-protein interaction network of these targets was constructed using Venn diagrams and the STRING database. GO enrichment analysis predicted the biological process of chrysophanol in treating renal fibrosis. Subsequently, both in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted using unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) induced CKD mouse model and HK-2 cell model, respectively. In the mouse model, different doses of chrysophanol were administered to assess its renal protective effects through biochemical indicators, histological examination, and immunofluorescence staining. In the cell model, the regulatory effect of chrysophanol on the Trx-1/JNK/Cx43 pathway was evaluated using western blotting and flow cytometry.
RESULTS: Chrysophanol treatment significantly ameliorated renal dysfunction and histopathological damage in the UUO mouse model, accompanied by a reduction in serum oxidative stress markers. Furthermore, chrysophanol markedly upregulated the expression of Trx-1 in renal tissues and inhibited the activation of the JNK/Cx43 signaling pathway. At the cellular level, chrysophanol enhanced the activity of Trx-1 and downregulated the JNK/Cx43 signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting TGF-β induced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis.
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect of chrysophanol on renal fibrosis, mediated by the activation of Trx-1 to inhibit the JNK/Cx43 pathway. These findings provide experimental support for the potential use of chrysophanol as a therapeutic agent for renal fibrosis.
Home-based post-discharge intervention for extreme premature babies and their parents. The intervention consists of one hospital visit, nine home-visits and two telephone calls during the first year corrected age, specifically from one week before discharge to 12 months corrected age. The intervention is strengths-based working with the infant-parent interaction, supporting infant development and strengthening the parent in his/her role.