anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with a range of cognitive-communicative deficits that interfere with everyday communication and social interaction. Considerable effort has been directed at characterizing the nature and scope of cognitive-communication disorders in TBI, yet the underlying mechanisms of impairment are largely unspecified. The present research examines sensitivity to a common communicative cue, disfluency, and its impact on memory for spoken language in TBI.
METHOD: Fifty-three participants with moderate-severe TBI and 53 noninjured comparison participants listened to a series of sentences, some of which contained disfluencies. A subsequent memory test probed memory for critical words in the sentences.
RESULTS: Participants with TBI successfully remembered the spoken words (b = 1.57, p < .0001) at a similar level to noninjured comparison participants. Critically, participants with TBI also exhibited better recognition memory for words preceded by disfluency compared to words from fluent sentences (b = 0.57, p = .02).
CONCLUSIONS: These findings advance mechanistic accounts of cognitive-communication disorder by revealing that, when isolated for experimental study, individuals with moderate-severe TBI are sensitive to attentional orienting cues in speech and exhibit enhanced recognition of individual words preceded by disfluency. These results suggest that some aspects of cognitive-communication disorders may not emerge from an inability to perceive and use individual communication cues, but rather from disruptions in managing (i.e., attending, weighting, integrating) multiple cognitive, communicative, and social cues in complex and dynamic interactions. This hypothesis warrants further investigation.
The efficacy of alprazolam extended-release tablets in the treatment of panic disorder was established in two 6-week, placebo-controlled studies of alprazolam extended-release tablets in patients with panic disorder.

In two 6-week, flexible-dose, placebo-controlled studies in patients meeting DSM-III criteria for panic disorder, patients were treated with alprazolam extended-release tablets in a dose range of 1 to 10 mg/day, on a once-a-day basis. The effectiveness of alprazolam extended-release tablets was assessed on the basis of changes in various measures of panic attack frequency, on various measures of the Clinical Global Impression, and on the Overall Phobia Scale. In all, there were seven primary efficacy measures in these studies, and alprazolam extended-release tablets was superior to placebo on all seven outcomes in both studies. The mean dose of alprazolam extended-release tablets at the last treatment visit was 4.2 mg/day in the first study and 4.6 mg/day in the second.

In addition, there were two 8-week, fixed-dose, placebo-controlled studies of alprazolam extended-release tablets in patients with panic disorder, involving fixed alprazolam extended-release tablets doses of 4 and 6 mg/day, on a once-a-day basis, that did not show a benefit for either dose of alprazolam extended-release tablets.

The longer-term efficacy of alprazolam extended-release tablets in panic disorder has not been systematically evaluated.

Analyses of the relationship between treatment outcome and gender did not suggest any differential responsiveness on the basis of gender.
FIELD: medicine, endocrinology, pharmacology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agents used for prophylaxis and treatment of disorders of endocrine system. Invention relates to agent representing a powder obtained from ossified deer horns and comprising 120 mU/g of luteinizing hormone and 54 mU/g of follicle-stimulating hormone, 2.1 mU/g of prolactin. 203 pg/g of adrenocorticotropic hormone, 2.2 ng/g of somatotropic hormone, thyroid hormones including free thyroxine in the amount 54 fmole/g and free triiodothyronine in the amount 8 fmole/g, thyreotropic hormone in the amount 4.5 mcU/g and 25 pmole/g of cortisol also. The proposed agent provides normalization of metabolism, recovery of disordered functions of endocrine glands, normalization of hormonal status. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness, valuable medicinal properties of agent.
Dizziness causes up to 2 to 15% of primary neurological complaints. In some patients who have undergone acute vertigo, postural instability, persistent postural perceptual vertigo (PPPV) develops, while in other similar cases occurs full recovery. So, it is necessary to search for neurophysiological, metabolic and psychophysiological factors and associated premorbid conditions that affect the outcome of neurovestibular compensation.

The case-control study will include 2 groups of patients suffering from vertigo of central and peripherial etiology. First group is recruited with patients were diagnosed with peripherial vestibular disorders, such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), Meniere disease, vestibular neuritis. The proposal number of subjects in the first group is about forty. The second group will consist of forty patients with central vestibular disfunction: vestibular migraine, central positional vertigo etc. The inclusion of patient with persistent postural perceptual dizziness is discussed. Patients will be tested for hydroxyvitamin D and homocysteine in serum using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The perception of the severity of disability was assessed using the Dizziness scale Handicap Inventory (DHI). All patients will undergo psychological test, including tas-26 scale, Beck's Depression Inventory, Spielberg-Hanin'sscale. Statistical analysis was carried out with the Statistical Analysis System (SAS) package. The relationships will be assessed using the chi squared test and logistic regression. The level of significance is set at p \< 0.05. The methods for small samples (Mann-Whitney U ) will be used. It is presumed that differences in vitamin D levels beetween two groups will be considerable.
Two randomized, double-blind clinical trials in immunocompetent adults with localized herpes zoster were conducted. valacyclovir was compared with placebo in subjects aged less than 50 years and with oral acyclovir in subjects aged greater than 50 years. All subjects were treated within 72 hours of appearance of zoster rash. In subjects aged less than 50 years, the median time to cessation of new lesion formation was 2 days for those treated with valacyclovir compared with 3 days for those treated with placebo. In subjects aged greater than 50 years, the median time to cessation of new lesions was 3 days in subjects treated with either valacyclovir or oral acyclovir. In subjects aged less than 50 years, no difference was found with respect to the duration of pain after healing (post-herpetic neuralgia) between the recipients of valacyclovir and placebo. In subjects aged greater than 50 years, among the 83% who reported pain after healing (post-herpetic neuralgia), the median duration of pain after healing (95% CI) in days was: 40 (31, 51), 43 (36, 55), and 59 (41, 77) for 7-day valacyclovir, 14-day valacyclovir, and 7-day oral acyclovir, respectively.
Despite improvements in glycemia management and the use of renin-angiotensin system blockade (RASB), the overall incidence of ESKD incidence in the US T1D population is not decreasing. For patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), powerful new drugs that can prevent or delay ESKD, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), are now available. Whether similar results can be achieved in T1D remains unknown because of the paucity of studies in this population, due to concerns about the 2- to 3-fold increase in risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) associated with SGLT2i therapy in T1D. One of the few T1D studies conducted to date (inTandem, a sotagliflozin \[SOTA\] trial), showed that implementation of an enhanced DKA risk monitoring and mitigation strategy can reduce DKA incidence to \<1%/year in subjects on 200 mg/day of this dual SGLT1 and SGLT2 inhibitor. The goals of the present study are to evaluate the renal effectiveness of SGLT2i in T1D and to better understand the benefit/risk ratio of SOTA in T1D persons with moderate to advanced diabetic kidney disease (DKD) - two goals that are warranted and critical given the high risk of death and ESKD in this population. The study, carried out by the Preventing Early Renal Loss (PERL) and the Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR)-funded SUGARNSALT (S\&S) consortia, is a multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group randomized clinical trial in 150 patients with T1D and moderate to advanced diabetic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate \[eGFR\] 20-60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and ACR\>200 mg/g). After a 2-month run-in period, during which diabetes care is standardized and education on monitoring and minimizing DKA implemented, eligible study subjects are randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive placebo or once daily 200 mg SOTA for 3 years followed by a 2-month wash-out period. The eGFR at the end of the wash-out adjusted by its baseline value will be used as the primary outcome on which SOTA efficacy on DKD progression will be evaluated. An intensive DKA risk mitigation plan will be implemented based on the inTandem enhanced protocol as well as on the STICH (Stop SGLT2i, Insulin administration, Carbohydrate intake, Hydration) and STOP-DKA protocols. Cornerstones of this plan will be enhanced participant education, close follow-up with study staff, continuous glucose monitoring, and systematic ketone body (beta-hydroxybutyrate \[BHB\]) self-monitoring. If successful, the present study will provide efficacy and safety data that could be used to seek FDA and Health Canada approval of SOTA for a T1D DKD indication. Based on the available data in T1D, it can be conservatively postulated that SOTA may reduce eGFR loss by 2 ml/min/1.73 m2 per year. Depending on the baseline eGFR, this would translate to a 5-10 year delay of ESKD. The reduction in morbidity and mortality resulting from the prevention or delay of ESKD due to the use of SOTA would have a major impact on the lives of T1D patients with significant DKD as well as on society at large, substantially reducing the human and financial costs associated with this condition.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate outcomes of late manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) for stiffness performed from ≥12 weeks to more than a year after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). A total of 152 patients receiving MUA ≥12 weeks after primary TKA from 2014 to 2021 were reviewed. The primary outcome measured was change in range of motion (ROM). We tracked intraoperative complications and the need for repeat MUA or open procedure for continued stiffness after initial MUA. Three subgroups were analyzed: Group 1 included 58 knees between 12 weeks and 6 months after TKA, Group 2 included 44 knees between 6 and 12 months after TKA, and Group 3 included 50 knees ≥12 months after TKA. Analysis included descriptive statistics and univariate analysis, with α <0.05. Groups 1 to 3 all significantly increased their overall ROM by 20.9, 19.2, and 22.0 degrees, respectively. All groups significantly increased their flexion and extension from preoperatively. Group 1 had one intraoperative supracondylar femur fracture (1.7%) requiring open reduction and internal fixation, and five patients required repeat MUA or open procedure (8.6%). Group 2 had no intraoperative fractures, and five patients required repeat MUA or open procedure (11.4%). Group 3 had one intraoperative tibial tubercle avulsion fracture managed conservatively (2.0%) and one repeat MUA (2.0%). Late MUA resulted in significantly improved ROM in all groups. ROM improved more as the time from index TKA increased, although statistically insignificant. Repeat MUA or open procedure rate decreased with MUA ≥12 months from TKA, although statistically insignificant. The overall intraoperative fracture risk was 1.3%.
Gene for the expression of human preprorelaxin (HPP) and its sub-units are new. Double stranded DNA fragment for the expression of HPP and comprising a coding strand and a complementary strand corresp. to a complete mRNA sequence defined by 186 nucleotide triplets and its sub-units are new. - Isolation of a chromosomal relaxin gene of a human or other primate or a related species comprises use as a probe of a sub-unit of the porcine relaxin gene or its sub-unit, or a sub-unit of the human relaxin gene. Prodn. of a gene or its sub-unit as defined above comprises the screening of a human genomic clone bank with a probe consisting of a fragment of porcine relaxin cDNA having a defined nucleotide sequence and corresp. to amino acids 45-95 in the C-peptide. DNA transfer vector contg. a cDNA deoxynucleotide sequence corresp. to a gene or its sub-unit defined in paragraphs (A) and (B) above is new. - Human relaxin and its analogues are prepd. for therapeutic purposes, esp. in the clinical intervention with difficult labour.  (0/0) EPAB- EP-101309 B Gene for the expression of human preprorelaxin (HPP) and its sub-units are new. Double stranded DNA fragment for the expression of HPP and comprising a coding - sequence defined by 186 nucleotide triplets and its sub-units are new. - Isolation of a chromosomal relaxing gene of a human or other primate or a related species comprises use as a probe of a subunit of the porcine relaxin gene or its sub-unit, or a sub-unit of the human relaxin gene. Prodn. - of a gene or its sub-unit as defined above comprises the screening of a human genomic clone bank with a probe consisting of a fragment of porcine relaxin cDNA having a defined nucleotide sequence and corresponding to amino acids 45-95 in the C-peptide. DNA transfer vector or its sub-unit defined in paragraphs (A) and (B) above is new. - Human relaxin and its analogues are prepd. for therapeutic purposes, esp. in the clinical intervention with difficult labour. - (29pp) USAB- US4871670 A Gene for the expression of human preprorelaxin (HPP) and its sub-units are new. - Double stranded DNA fragment for the expression of HPP and comprising a coding strand and a complementary strand corresp. to a complete mRN sequence defined by 186 - nucleotide triplets and its sub-units are new. - Isolation of a chromosomal relaxin gene of a human or other primate or a related species comprises use as a probe of a subunit of the porcine relaxine gene or its sub-unit, or a sub-unit of the human relaxin gene. - Prodn. of a gene or its sub-unit as defined above comprises the screening of a human genomic clone bank with a probe consisting of a fragment of porcine relaxin cDNA having a defined nucleotide sequence and corresp. to amino acids 45-95 in the C-peptide. - DNA transfer vector contg. a cDNA deoxynucleotide sequence sequence corresp. to a gene or its sub-unit defined in paragraphs (A) and (B) above is new.
The increased prevalence of metabolic diseases in the Arab countries is mainly associated with genetic susceptibility, lifestyle behaviours, such as physical inactivity, and an unhealthy diet. The objective of this review was to investigate and summarise the findings of the gene-lifestyle interaction studies on metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes in Arab populations. Relevant articles were retrieved from a literature search on PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar starting at the earliest indexing date through to January 2024. Articles that reported an interaction between gene variants and diet or physical activity were included and excluded if no interaction was investigated or if they were conducted among a non-Arab population. In total, five articles were included in this review. To date, among three out of twenty-two Arab populations, fourteen interactions have been found between the FTO rs9939609, TCF7L2 rs7903146, MC4R rs17782313, and MTHFR rs1801133 polymorphisms and diet or physical activity on obesity and type 2 diabetes outcomes. The majority of the reported gene-diet/ gene-physical activity interactions (twelve) appeared only once in the review. Consequently, replication, comparisons, and generalisation of the findings are limited due to the sample size, study designs, dietary assessment tools, statistical analysis, and genetic heterogeneity of the studied sample.
This is a double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled, parallel group, dose ranging study to explore the efficacy, safety, tolerability and PK of 2 different doses of CPL500036 (phosphodiesterase 10A \[PDE10A\] inhibitor) in patients with an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia. Approximately 165 patients will be randomized at a 1:1:1 ratio and will be dosed with 20 mg CPL500036, 40 mg CPL500036 or placebo once daily for 28 consecutive days (Day 1 to Day 28). Patients will remain in house for the duration of the Treatment Period. The study will comprise of a Screening Period (that will include a prior Medication Washout Period), a Treatment Period and a Follow-up Period. After discharge from the Clinical Unit, patients will return to the Clinical Unit for 2 once weekly Follow-up Visits. Approximately 30% of the patients (17 patients in each of the 3 treatment groups) will undergo extensive PK sampling during the Treatment Period, and the remaining 70% of the patients will only undergo sparse PK sampling.
A 12-year-old female spayed Domestic Shorthair cat presented with a 4-day history of lethargy, inappetence and vomiting. Physical findings included a grade 2/6 heart murmur and cranial abdominal pain on palpation. Serum biochemistry revealed elevated total bilirubin and liver enzymes activities. Abdominal ultrasound revealed multiple pancreatoliths, cholelithiasis and dilation of the pancreatic duct. During exploratory laparotomy, catheterisation of the pancreatic duct with retrograde and orthograde flushing to remove the pancreatoliths was performed via a distal enterotomy and proximal left apical partial pancreatectomy respectively. Catheterisation and flushing of the common bile duct were performed to confirm patency prior to cholecystectomy. Bacterial culture of pancreatoliths, pancreatic tissue and bile grew a heavy, pure growth of Providencia rettgeri. Fluorescent immunostaining histopathology revealed clusters of rod-shaped bacteria within the pancreatic parenchyma and gall bladder mucosa. The cat received pradofloxacin for two weeks. She made a complete recovery and remained well at a six-month follow-up.
BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) correlates with structural abnormalities in several distinct regions of the brain. However, whether there are changes in the morphological similarity network (MSN) and the relationship between changes in brain structure and gene expression remain largely unknown.
METHODS: We used two independent cohorts (discovery dataset: PSP: 51, healthy controls (HC): 82; replication dataset: PSP: 53, HC: 55) for MSN analysis and comparing the longitudinal changes in the MSN of PSP. Then, we applied partial least squares regression to determine the relationships between changes in MSN and spatial transcriptional features and identified specific genes associated with MSN differences in PSP. We further investigated the biological processes enriched in PSP-associated genes and the cellular characteristics of these genes, and finally, we performed an exploratory analysis of the relationship between MSN changes and neurotransmitter receptors.
RESULTS: We found that the MSN in PSP patients was mainly decreased in the frontal and temporal cortex but increased in the occipital cortical region. This difference is replicable. In longitudinal studies, MSN differences are mainly manifested in the frontal and parietal regions. Furthermore, the expression pattern associated with MSN changes in PSP involves genes implicated in astrocytes and excitatory and inhibitory neurons and is functionally enriched in neuron-specific biological processes related to synaptic signaling. Finally, we found that the changes in MSN were mainly negatively correlated with the levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, and opioid receptors.
CONCLUSIONS: These results have enhanced our understanding of the microscale genetic and cellular mechanisms responsible for large-scale morphological abnormalities in PSP patients, suggesting potential targets for future therapeutic trials.
Men who have sex with men (MSM) continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV. The majority of MSM acquire HIV after exposure to the rectal mucosa through unprotected receptive anal intercourse. Post-exposure-prophylaxis (PEP) is an intervention that is used to prevent HIV infection soon (72 hours) after a potential exposure. HIV-negative people with a possible exposure to HIV are instructed to take 28 days of a combination anti-HIV medication regimen, Truvada® + Raltegravir. This study is being conducted to determine if the uptake of other anti-HIV medications called Genvoya® and darunavir is different at several body sites, including mucosal tissues. These other medications might be considered for PEP regimens in the future.
A single session of spatial cognition assessment (baseline) will be proposed to participants. This assessment will be based on paper-and-pencil tasks and immersive virtual reality tasks (with an HTC Vive Pro Head-Mounted-Display). The assessment will last around 1 hour.
A partially degraded polysaccharide is prepared by heating a neutral solution of a levan in an amide of a C1-4 fatty acid at 110-150 DEG C., preferably 120-135 DEG  C.  The levan may be untreated or may have been weakly degraded in the form of its adsorption product on an alkaline earth metal hydroxide (see Specification 802,721).  The amide may be N-alkylated.  Suitable amides include formamide, dimethyl formamide and dimethyl acetamide.  Preferably solutions having a levan content of 5-10 per cent are used.  The products are useful as plasma extenders and in providing aqueous colloidal dispersions for pharmaceutical and other uses.  In examples: (1) levan previously partially degraded by heating in methanol in the form of its adsorption product on Ca(OH)2 is degraded in dimethyl formamide solution rendered neutral with H3PO4; (2) and (3) levan is degraded in dimethyl formamide and formamide solution respectively.
PURPOSE: SLC4A10 encodes a plasma membrane-bound transporter, which mediates Na+-dependent HCO3- import, thus mediating net acid extrusion. Slc4a10 knockout mice show collapsed brain ventricles, an increased seizure threshold, mild behavioral abnormalities, impaired vision, and deafness.
METHODS: Utilizing exome/genome sequencing in families with undiagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders and international data sharing, 11 patients from 6 independent families with biallelic variants in SLC4A10 were identified. Clinico-radiological and dysmorphology assessments were conducted. A minigene assay, localization studies, intracellular pH recordings, and protein modeling were performed to study the possible functional consequences of the variant alleles.
RESULTS: The families harbor 8 segregating ultra-rare biallelic SLC4A10 variants (7 missense and 1 splicing). Phenotypically, patients present with global developmental delay/intellectual disability and central hypotonia, accompanied by variable speech delay, microcephaly, cerebellar ataxia, facial dysmorphism, and infrequently, epilepsy. Neuroimaging features range from some non-specific to distinct neuroradiological findings, including slit ventricles and a peculiar form of bilateral curvilinear nodular heterotopia. In silico analyses showed 6 of 7 missense variants affect evolutionarily conserved residues. Functional analyses supported the pathogenicity of 4 of 7 missense variants.
CONCLUSION: We provide evidence that pathogenic biallelic SLC4A10 variants can lead to neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by variable abnormalities of the central nervous system, including altered brain ventricles, thus resembling several features observed in knockout mice.