anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
WALANT can be applied in both elective and emergency surgeries and is commonly used for procedures involving the hand, wrist, and fingers, such as root tunnels syndromes, trigger finger, and fractures. However, it has some limitations and contraindications, including patients with coagulopathy or on anticoagulant therapy, those with allergies to any of the anesthesia components, or patients with a history of psychiatric disorders or aggressive behavior. Infraclavicular brachial plexus block (ICBPB) is widely used for anesthesia or analgesia during surgery on the hand and forearm. Today, it is most frequently performed using a sagittal ultrasound scan at the lateral infraclavicular fossa (LICF), where the local anesthetic is injected deep to the pectoral muscles. Peripheral nerve blocks are overall safe when performed correctly, there are rare but serious risks associated with them. Risks include block failure, bleeding, infection, damage to surrounding structures, permanent nerve injury, and intravascular uptake of local anesthetic resulting in systemic toxicity.
PURPOSE:To provide the above composition composed of a photo-polymerizable compound having ethylenic unsaturated double bond, an organic filler and a reducing agent, having high compatibility to a working model, moderately bonding with the model and easily removable after curing. CONSTITUTION:The objective photo-polymerizable resin composition for production of a clasp pattern is composed of (A) 100pts.wt. of a photo-polymerizable compound having at least one ethylenic unsaturated double bond (especially preferably methacrylate of acrylate which is solid at normal temperature), (B) an organic filler (e.g., polyolefin powder or polyacrylate powder in an amount of preferably 0.1-90pts.wt.), (C) a photo-polymerization initiator (especially an alpha-diketone compound, etc., in an amount of preferably 0.001-5pts.wt.) and (D) a reducing agent (e.g., triethanolamine in an amount of preferably 0.01-10 pts.wt.). It can be used advantageously in the production of a partial denture.
A class of diagnostic and therapeutic compounds derived from phosphinimines that include ligands containing either a single phosphinimine functionality or both a phosphinimine group and a phosphine or arsine group, or an aminato group, or a second phosphinimine moiety. These phosphinimine ligands are complexed to early transition metal radionuclides (e.g. ?99mTc or 186Re/188¿Re) or late transition metals (e.g., ?105Rh or 109¿Pd). The complexes with these metals ?186Re/188Re, 99mTc and 109¿Pd exhibit a high in vitro and high in vivo stability. The complexes are formed in high yields and can be neutral or charged. These ligands can also be used to form stable compounds with paramagnetic transition metals (e.g. Fe and Mn) for potential use as MRI contrast agents. Applications for the use of ligands and making the ligands are also disclosed.
The invention discloses an oral medicine for treating frequent micturition due to a pelvic inflammatory disease. The oral medicine comprises the following formulas in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of fruit of Herba Vaccinii Bracteati, 10-15 parts of Radix et Rhizoma Iridis Sanguineae, 5-15 parts of Vitis labrusca L., 5-15 parts of Rhizoma Corydalis Decumbentis, 6-10 parts of Tremella cinnabarina(Mont.)Pat., 3-10 parts of Semen puerariae lobatae, 6-12 parts of Cyperus michelianus (L.) Link [Scirpus michelianus L.], 3-10 parts of Aster auriculatus Franch., 6-12 parts of Leontopodium japonicum Miq., 2-5 parts of Herba Lysionoti Pauciflori, 1-3 parts of Photinia glabra(Thunb.)Maxim.[Crataegus glabr Thunb.], and 1-3 parts of Endocarpium Castaneae. The oral medicine is reasonable in medicament formula and has clear curative effect, and can effectively treat frequent micturition due to the pelvic inflammatory disease of a patient.
when adopting off-pump surgery , the cardiac surgery team must adopt new techniques to handle a beating heart and the variations in hemodynamics that can occur when performing this type of procedure the incidence rate of cardiac arrhythmia occurring during and after surgery is one of the major complication in open heart surgery. in addition , intraoperative hemodynamic disorders, caused by changes in plasma levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine after surgical stimulation , are some of challenges for patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. hemodynamic disruption leads to myocardial ischemia, resulting in increased incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality.

stellate ganglion is formed by the fusion of inferior cervical and first thoracic sympathetic ganglia and is located behind the subclavian artery and anterior to the first rib. the inferior cervical cardiac nerves arise from the medial aspect of the stellate ganglia and provide the cardio-accelerator nerve fibers to the cardiac plexus. stellate ganglion stimulation augments peak systolic pressure, and the enhanced myocardial contractility is secondary to stimulation by postganglionic nerve fibers which traverse from stellate ganglion down the great vessels and along the coronary arteries into the myocardium.the blockage of inferior cervical cardiac nerves is responsible for the bradycardia seen following SGB. SGB has been shown to prevent and control perioperative hypertension induced by increased sympathetic activity.
This study aimed to assess the predictive ability of the shock index (SI) and the shock index, pediatric age-adjusted (SIPA) for mortality among pediatric patients with trauma (aged ≤ 18 years). A systematic search used PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to identify pertinent articles published from their inception to 13 February 2023. For each SI and SIPA, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated. We planned a priori meta-regression analyses to explore heterogeneity using the following covariates: country, clinical setting, type of center, data source, and cutoff value. Twelve studies were included based on the inclusion criteria. Among them, nine studies with 195,469 patients were included for the SIPA at the hospital, four studies with 4,970 patients were included for the pre-hospital SIPA, and seven studies with 606,445 patients were included to assess the ability of the SI in predicting mortality. The pooled sensitivity and specificity with 95% confidence interval for predicting mortality were as follows: 0.58 (0.44-0.70) and 0.72 (0.60-0.82), respectively, for the SIPA at the hospital; 0.61 (0.47-0.74) and 0.67 (0.61-0.73), respectively, for the pre-hospital SIPA; and 0.71 (0.59-0.81) and 0.45 (0.31-0.59), respectively for the SI. The DOR were 3.80, 3.28, and 2.06 for the SIPA at the hospital, pre-hospital SIPA, and SI, respectively. The AUC were 0.693, 0.689, and 0.618 for the SIPA at the hospital, pre-hospital SIPA, and SI, respectively. The SI and SIPA are simple predictive tools with sufficient accuracy that can be readily applied to pediatric patients with trauma, but SIPA and SI should be utilized cautiously due to their limited sensitivity and specificity, respectively.
FIELD: medicine, oncology, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: method involves preparing solution of carboplatinum and other malonate-platinum (II) antitumor agents containing 1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylic acid or its salts at pH 4-8 taken at stabilizing amounts. These stabilizing agents inhibit nonfavorable decolorizing and precipitate formation. These solutions can be stabilized also by blowing a carrier with air or oxygen and, optionally, by filling free space with air or oxygen. EFFECT: increased stability of solutions at prolonged storage. 15 cl, 14 tbl, 4 ex
A process of producing a concentrated liquid biocide formulation is described. Mixed together are (a) bromine and (b) an aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid having a pH of at least about 12, in amounts such that (i) the active bromine content of the solution is at least about 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), and (ii) the atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine from (a) and (b) is greater than 1. A continuous process for producing the concentrated liquid biocide composition is provided. This process comprises continuously feeding into mixing apparatus (i) bromine and (ii) an aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid; the desired product is withdrawn from the mixing apparatus at a rate sufficient to enable the continuous feeding to be maintained. Also described are methods for disinfecting surfaces and for sanitizing bodies of water using a single-feed, bromine-based biocide. These methods use concentrated liquid biocide compositions comprising biocidally active bromine as the biocide.
The safety and effectiveness of Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets for the treatment of type 2 diabetes have been established in pediatric patients ages 10 to 16 years (studies have not been conducted in pediatric patients below the age of 10 years). Use of Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets in this age group is supported by evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies of Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets in adults with additional data from a controlled clinical study in pediatric patients ages 10 to 16 years with type 2 diabetes, which demonstrated a similar response in glycemic control to that seen in adults. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Pediatric Clinical Studies.) In this study, adverse effects were similar to those described in adults. (See ADVERSE REACTIONS: Pediatric Patients.) A maximum daily dose of 2000 mg is recommended. (See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION: Recommended Dosing Schedule: Pediatrics.) 

Safety and effectiveness of Metformin Hydrochloride Extended - Release Tablets in pediatric patients have not been established.

Geriatric Use

Controlled clinical studies of metformin hydrochloride did not include sufficient numbers of elderly patients to determine whether they respond differently from younger patients, although other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. Metformin is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney and because the risk of serious adverse reactions to the drug is greater in patients with impaired renal function, metformin hydrochloride should only be used in patients with normal renal function (see CONTRAINDICATIONS, WARNINGS, and CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Pharmacokinetics). Because aging is associated with reduced renal function, metformin Hydrochloride Extended-release Tablets should be used with caution as age increases. Care should be taken in dose selection and should be based on careful and regular monitoring of renal function. Generally, elderly patients should not be titrated to the maximum dose of metformin hydrochloride (see also WARNINGS and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).
A 45-year-old man who was regularly followed up for Crohn's disease (CD) and maintained clinical remission with vedolizumab (VDZ). At 37 years old, he was diagnosed CD from longitudinal ulcers in the distal ileum by balloon-assisted enteroscopy (BAE). During the follow-up, liver enzyme elevation, splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia were in progress. Esophagogastric varices suggested chronic liver disease and portal hypertension. Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) showed liver stiffness of 3.4 kPa and proton density fat fraction (PDFF) of 1.86%. He was diagnosed with granulomatous hepatitis based on a liver biopsy. The hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) was mildly elevated at 7 mmHg, consistent with the pre-sinusoidal portal hypertension due to granulomatous hepatitis. We report a rare case with granulomatous hepatitis diagnosed from liver injury and portal hypertension, despite the stable intestinal symptoms of CD.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a life-long disease that usually starts in young adults. In MS, inflammation and damage to nerve cells occur in the brain and spinal cord. Symptoms of MS are quite variable and may range from being mild to severe and from short to long lasting. People with MS may have a wide variety of symptoms ranging from mild to disabling. Some of thesymptoms of MS include visual disturbances such as double vision, weakness in arms or legs,difficulty with coordination, fatigue, changes in sensations such as numbness and tingling, or difficulties with concentration or memory.The drug being tested in this research study is an antibody called CNTO 1275. Antibodies are natural substances made by the body that stick to and react with other substances in the body that may cause diseases. The body makes antibodies mainly to fight infections. CNTO 1275 is an antibody that has been manufactured in the laboratory. In the test tube, CNTO 1275 sticks to and blocks the activity of a naturally occurring substance in the body called interleukin 12 (IL-12).Higher than normal levels of IL-12 have been found in people who have MS. CNTO 1275 has been tested in animals with a condition similar to MS. In those animals, IL-12 was over-produced.Animals treated with CNTO 1275 showed decreased symptoms of the condition.The purpose of this study is to better understand the safety and effectiveness of CNTO 1275 in people who have relapsing-remitting MS

Patients will receive subcutaneous injections of 30, 100, 200 mg of CNTO 1275 or placebo at Weeks 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 11, 15, and 19 or 100 mgs at weeks 0,1,2,3,11 and 19 and placebo at wks 7 and 15.
ULTIVA contains remifentanil, a Schedule II controlled substance. As an opioid, ULTIVA exposes users to the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse [see Drug Abuse and Dependence (9)].

Opioids are sought by drug abusers and people with addiction disorders and are subject to criminal diversion. Consider these risks when handling ULTIVA. Strategies to reduce these risks include proper product storage and control practices for a C-II drug. Contact local state professional licensing board or state controlled substances authority for information on how to prevent and detect abuse or diversion of this product.
Arthritis is the most common chronic debilitating disease in the United States (more than 43 million people or 1 in 6). Osteoarthritis of the knee is a very common and a major cause of disability. Pharmacological treatment includes the following analgesics: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), cyclo-oxygenase II (COX-II) inhibitors, acetaminophen and opioids. Despite the numerous available analgesic medications, 60% to 80% of patients suffering from chronic pain are currently treated inadequately. Opioid analgesics have been shown to be efficacious in chronic non-malignant pain and can be an important therapeutic asset. The study was a 4-week randomized multicenter double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled, parallel-group, forced-titration phase 2B study of efficacy and safety with tapentadol extended release (ER) to 233 mg BID and oxycodone PR to 20 mg BID vs placebo in subjects with moderate to severe chronic pain of knee osteoarthritis. Primary efficacy outcome was the average pain intensity 24 hours before the last evaluation time or 29 days. Safety was evaluated by reporting of adverse events, laboratory tests, vital sign measures, ECGs. This study hypothesis was that tapentadol extended release was effective in relieving chronic moderate to severe pain from knee osteoarthritis compared to treatment with placebo using 2 dosing regimens for tapentadol.

tapentadol extended release white, fim-coated tablet taken orally twice a day during a 4-week period at a dose that steadily increased up to 100 mg or 200 mg; placebo tablets; or oxycodone extended release tablet, 20 mg.
There is a continuous cycle of activation and contraction in the immune response against pathogens and other threats to human health in life. This intrinsic yin-yang of the immune response ensures that inflammatory processes can be appropriately controlled once that threat has been resolved, preventing unnecessary tissue and organ damage. Various factors may contribute to a state of perpetual immune activation, leading to a failure to undergo immune contraction and development of cytokine storm syndromes. A literature review was performed to consider how the trajectory of the immune response in certain individuals leads to cytokine storm, hyperinflammation, and multiorgan damage seen in cytokine storm syndromes. The goal of this review is to evaluate how underlying factors contribute to cytokine storm syndromes, as well as the symptomatology, pathology, and long-term implications of these conditions. Although the recognition of cytokine storm syndromes allows for universal treatment with steroids, this therapy shows limitations for symptom resolution and survival. By identifying cytokine storm syndromes as a continuum of disease, this will allow for a thorough evaluation of disease pathogenesis, consideration of targeted therapies, and eventual restoration of the balance in the yin-yang immune response.
The present invention provides a method for introducing a functional peptide encoded by a plant or protist nucleic acid sequence into a mitochondrion of a mammalian cell, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the nucleic acid sequence. The present invention also provides a method for correcting a phenotypic deficiency in a mammal resulting from a mutation in a mitochondrial peptide. Additionally, the present invention is directed to a method for treating a mitochondrial disorder in a subject in need of treatment therefor. The present invention further provides expression vectors for use in introducing a functional peptide encoded by a plant or protist (including algal) nucleic acid sequence into a mitochondrion of a mammal, as well as mammalian cells transformed by the expression vectors. Also provided are clonal cell strains comprising the transformed mammalian cells. Finally, the present invention is directed to a method for introducing a functional peptide into a mitochondrion.
Drug resistance and tumor recurrence remain clinical challenges in the treatment of urothelial carcinoma (UC). However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing and identified a subset of urothelial cells with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) features (EMT-UC), which is significantly correlated with chemotherapy resistance and cancer recurrence. To validate the clinical significance of EMT-UC, we constructed EMT-UC like cells by introducing overexpression of two markers, Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox 1 (ZEB1) and Desmin (DES), and examined their histological distribution characteristics and malignant phenotypes. EMT-UC like cells were mainly enriched in UC tissues from patients with adverse prognosis and exhibited significantly elevated EMT, migration and gemcitabine tolerance in vitro. However, EMT-UC was not specifically identified from tumorous tissues, certain proportion of them were also identified in adjacent normal tissues. Tumorous EMT-UC highly expressed genes involved in malignant behaviors and exhibited adverse prognosis. Additionally, tumorous EMT-UC was associated with remodeled tumor microenvironment (TME), which exhibited high angiogenic and immunosuppressive potentials compared with the normal counterparts. Furthermore, a specific interaction of COL4A1 and ITGB1 was identified to be highly enriched in tumorous EMT-UC, and in the endothelial component. Targeting the interaction of COL4A1 and ITGB1 with specific antibodies significantly suppressed tumorous angiogenesis and alleviated gemcitabine resistance of UC. Overall, our findings demonstrated that the driven force of chemotherapy resistance and recurrence of UC was EMT-UC mediated COL4A1-ITGB1 interaction, providing a potential target for future UC treatment.
OBJECTIVE: Advancements in microsurgical technique and technology continue to improve outcomes in patients with skull base tumor. The primary cranial nerve eight monitoring systems used in hearing preservation surgery for vestibular schwannomas (VSs) are direct cranial nerve eight monitoring (DCNEM) and auditory brainstem response (ABR), although current guidelines are unable to definitively recommend one over the other due to limited literature on the topic. Thus, further research is needed to determine the utility of DCNEM and ABR. The authors performed a retrospective cohort study and created an interactive model that compares hearing preservation outcomes based on tumor size in patients receiving ABR+DCNEM and ABR-only monitoring.
METHODS: Twenty-eight patients received ABR+DCNEM and 72 patients received ABR-only monitoring during VS hearing preservation surgery at a single tertiary academic medical center between January 2008 and November 2022. Inclusion criteria consisted of adult patients with a preoperative American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) hearing classification of A or B. Tumor size was measured as the maximal medial to lateral length, including the internal auditory canal component.
RESULTS: Overall hearing preservation (word recognition score [WRS] > 0%) was achieved in 31 patients with ABR-only monitoring (43.1%) and in 18 patients with ABR+DCNEM (64.3%). Serviceable hearing preservation (AAO-HNS class A or B) was attained in 19 patients with ABR-only monitoring (26.4%) and in 11 patients with ABR+DCNEM (39.3%). There was no difference in overall hearing preservation between the two groups (p = 0.13). Change in tumor size was not associated with the odds of serviceable hearing preservation for the ABR-only group (p = 0.89); however, for ABR+DCNEM, there was some indication of an interaction between tumor size and the association of ABR+DCNEM versus ABR-only monitoring, with the odds of serviceable hearing preservation at p = 0.089. Furthermore, with ABR+DCNEM, every 0.5-cm increase in tumor size was associated with a decreased odds of serviceable hearing preservation on multivariable analysis (p = 0.05). For both overall and serviceable hearing preservation, a worse preoperative AAO-HNS classification was associated with a decreased odds of preservation (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.19-0.97, p = 0.042; OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.053-0.55, p = 0.0031, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: The result of this interactive model study proposes that there may be a higher chance of hearing preservation when using ABR+DCNEM rather than ABR alone for smaller tumors, with that relationship reversing as tumor size increases.
PURPOSE: To obtain an oral compsn. contg. aminoalkylsilicone and a lipophilic compd., improving the holding of the lipophilic compd. on the surfaces of teeth and producing a residual effect for a long period of time. CONSTITUTION: This oral non-food compsn. contains a water-in-oil emulsion consisting of an oil phase (A) contg. acrylic hydrophobic aminoalkylsilicone (A1 ) preferably having a mol.wt. of >=5,000, especially 5,000-30,000, an orally allowable lipophilic compd. (A2 ) soluble in the component A1 , preferably an antibacterial agent, and a flavor and an aq. phase (B) contg. such an effective amt. of an emulsifier as to disperse the oil phase in the aq. phase, preferably a nonionic or cationic emulsifier. The amts. of the components A1 and A2 and the emulsifier in this compsn. are preferably 0.1-20 wt.%, 0.01-10 wt.% and 0.05-10 wt.%, respectively.  When the component A1 forms a residual thin film on the surfaces of teeth, the component A2 is incorporated as part of the film, the deposition of the component A2 on the surfaces of the teeth is promoted and prolonged and a sustaining effect is produced.