anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE:A physiologically active composition containing an oil-soluble physiologically active substance, emulsifying agent, alkaline aqueous solution and pyrolignous acid. CONSTITUTION:A physiologically active composition, obtained by adding and mixing an oil-soluble physiologically active substance, e.g. containing various nutrient components of sea snake extract, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, vitamin such as retinol, mineral, etc., with an emulsifying agent, e.g. lecithin,an alkaline aqueous solution e.g. lye obtained from tree and plant ash or animal or bird bone black powder, and pyrolignous acid (part of components obtained by dry distillation of a mixture of tree bark of fresh oak, chinquapin, cherry, etc., with wood pieces and containing 0.8-1.3wt/vol% expressed in terms of acetic acid) one after another and capable of emulsifying the oil-soluble physiologically active substance and moderating the smell or taste for ready administration. EFFECT:The pyrolignous acid dissolved in the alkaline aqueous solution readily acts on the physiologically active substance and peculiar smell, etc., are effectively moderated.
Parents with (vs without) chronic pain report poorer psychosocial functioning (eg, worse mental health, parenting difficulties), which has been linked to poorer child outcomes (eg, child pain). However, emerging research suggests that individuals vary in their functioning from day-to-day, particularly those with chronic pain. This study used daily diaries to compare parents with (versus without) chronic pain on variability in their anxiety, mood, protective responses, and parenting stress. We also examined parent chronic pain status as a moderator of the associations between parent variability and youth daily pain and interference. Participants were 76 youth with chronic pain (Mage = 14.26; 71.1% female) and one of their parents (89.5% mothers; n = 38 or 50.0% endorsing chronic pain). Parents and youth completed self-report questionnaires and 7 days of diaries. Parent variability was calculated to reflect the frequency and size of day-to-day changes. Multilevel models revealed that parents with (vs without) chronic pain were significantly more variable in their parenting stress, but not in their anxiety, mood, or protective responses. Contrary to hypotheses, parent variability was not significantly related to youth daily pain intensity or interference and parent chronic pain did not moderate any associations. Instead, mean levels of parent anxiety, protective responses, and parenting stress across the week significantly predicted youth daily pain interference. Findings suggest that while variability was observed among parents (with and without chronic pain) of youth with chronic pain, it did not significantly predict youth's daily pain-related functioning. Further research is needed to confirm these initial findings. PERSPECTIVE: Parents with chronic pain have expressed concerns that the variable nature of their pain negatively impacts their children. Our results found that parents (with and without chronic pain) were variable in their anxiety, mood, protective responses, and parenting stress, but this variability did not significantly predict youth's chronic pain-related functioning.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an antiviral agent having high antiviral activity against DNA-type viruses and RNA-type viruses such as herpes virus, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus and human coronavirus.  <P>SOLUTION: This agent contains an extract of Coccomyxa alga as an active component. More particularly, a polysaccharide fraction obtained from the extract of Coccomyxa alga is used as an active component. The extract is obtained by extracting the alga with hot water. The polysaccharide faction is obtained by eluting the extract of Coccomyxa alga with distilled water. More particularly, the polysaccharide fraction is obtained by eluting the extract of Coccomyxa alga with distilled water and then with an inorganic salt solution.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
Group 5. N=5. 1 drop of 500U/mL insulin administered twice daily for 5 days.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a cosmetic, a quasi-drug, a drug and a food, safe when being applied to the skin, having a bleaching activities and active oxygen-inhibiting activities, capable of providing effects of bleaching, prevention of the skin from being chapped, improvement of complexion, dullness, and tenseness of the skin by formulating an extract of wood of kapur (Dryobalanops spp.), wood of yellow meranti (Shorea spp.) or the like. SOLUTION: This cosmetic or the like is obtained by formulating an extract of wood of Dryobalanops spp., wood of yellow meranti (Shorea spp.) and wood of white meranti (Shorea spp.), wood of Curculigo capitulata Kuntze, wood of Cercidiphyllum japonicum, bark of Betula grossa, and bark of Picea jezoensis Carr. The extract can be obtained, for example, by extracting the wood of the Dryobalanops spp., the wood of the yellow meranti and the wood of the white meranti, the wood of the Curculigo capitulata Kuntze, the wood of the Cercidiphyllum japonicum, the bark of the Betula grossa, and the bark of the Picea jezoensis Carr with water, a hydrophilic organic solvent, e.g. ethanol, or a polyhydric alcohol such as glycerol, and the extract can be utilized as a powder obtained by freeze-drying the extract.  The cosmetic or the like can be obtained by formulating a liquid oil such as squalane and jojoba oil, etc., besides the extract.
Vorapaxar is a novel platelet inhibitor inhibiting PAR-1. It is the first available substance of a new class of platelet inhibitors blocking the activation of platelets via thrombin or thrombin receptor activating peptides via PAR-1. As platelets contribute to the coagulation activation, i.e. by providing the surface for the assembly of the Tenase complex, and furthermore to the inflammatory response by releasing their stored granula containing promotors of both, inflammation and coagulation, we want to assess the effects of vorapaxar on these in the human endotoxemia model. Sixteen healthy volunteers will be included in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single center, crossover trial with a washout period of 8 weeks. This wash out period was chosen based on the long elimination half-life of vorapaxar and to prevent any carry-over effects. After intake of 10mg vorapaxar (-24h) the degree of platelet inhibition will be assessed by whole bood aggregometry and, in case of insufficient platelet inhibition, subjects may receive another 10mg of vorapaxar. A bolus of 2ng/kg bodyweight lipopolysaccharide (LPS) will be infused and blood sampling will be performed at pre-defined time-points. After the washout-period the respective other treatment will be given to subjects.
PURPOSE: This review article is the first comprehensive evaluation of the available literature surrounding the education of death and dying in pharmacy schools. The purpose of this review was to describe the available literature and methods utilized regarding the emotional preparation for patient death in pharmacy education.
PROCEDURES: Searches were performed in three pharmacy databases to identify articles that contained descriptions of activities related to death and dying education in pharmacy curriculums.
FINDINGS: Eleven journal articles were reviewed, detailing activities in pharmacy education including simulations, didactic sessions, and an innovative "death over dessert" model. Evaluation methods varied, with surveys being most common, followed by reflection. Didactic courses demonstrated increased empathy and knowledge, while simulations compared to case-based activities improved skills, knowledge, and comfort levels with providing end-of-life care. Simulations often involved interprofessional groups, with third-year pharmacy students most evaluated.
CONCLUSION: Pharmacy students were mainly exposed to death and dying scenarios through didactic courses or simulations, with limited longitudinal exposure. Research suggests that students may lack preparation for handling death-related situations, leading to trauma and dysfunction. While existing studies focus on outward effects like empathy, internal factors such as coping methods receive less attention. Unlike nursing and medicine literature, pharmacy education lacks comprehensive coverage of coping and emotional support strategies for death and dying scenarios. Additional focus should be placed on intentional incorporation of these topics into pharmacy curriculums.
Rationale: Cognitive and emotional responses associated with care seeking for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations are not well understood.Objectives: We sought to define care-seeking profiles based on whether and when U.S. veterans seek care for COPD exacerbations and compare cognitive and emotional responses with exacerbation symptoms across the profiles.Methods: This study analyzes data from a 1-year prospective observational cohort study of individuals with COPD. Cognitive and emotional responses to worsening symptoms were measured with the Response to Symptoms Questionnaire, adapted for COPD. Seeking care was defined as contacting or visiting a healthcare provider or going to the emergency department. Participants were categorized into four care-seeking profiles based on the greatest delay in care seeking for exacerbations when care was sought: 0-3 days (early), 4-7 days (short delay), >7 days (long delay), or never sought care for any exacerbation. The proportion of exacerbations for which participants reported cognitive and emotional responses was estimated for each care-seeking profile, stratified by the timing of when care was sought.Results: There were 1,052 exacerbations among 350 participants with Response to Symptoms Questionnaire responses. Participants were predominantly male (96%), and the mean age was 69.3 ± 7.2 years. For the 409 (39%) exacerbations for which care was sought, the median delay was 3 days. Those who sought care had significantly more severe COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 s, modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale) than those who never sought care. Regardless of the degree of delay until seeking care at one exacerbation, participants consistently reported experiencing serious symptoms if they sought care compared with events for which participants did not seek care (e.g., among early care seekers when care was sought, 36%; when care was not sought, 25%). Similar findings were seen in participants' assessment of the importance of getting care (e.g., among early care seekers when care was sought, 90%; when care was not sought, 52%) and their assessment of anxiety about the symptoms (e.g., among early care seekers when care was sought, 33%; when care was not sought, 17%).Conclusions: Delaying or not seeking care for COPD exacerbations was common. Regardless of care-seeking profile, cognitive and emotional responses to symptoms when care was sought differed from responses when care was not sought. Emotional and cognitive response to COPD exacerbations should be considered when developing individualized strategies to encourage seeking care for exacerbations.Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02725294).
The traditional/control arm consists of PSA testing and if PSA\>3ng/ml a systematic biopsy of the prostate is performed. Only one screening is offered for participants.
Patients complete 5 sessions of iConquerFear program online over 5 weeks. Patients also complete questionnaires at baseline, after the intervention, and 2 months later.
To provide new microfluidic mixers that enable inexpensive manufacture.SOLUTION: Disclosed herein are fluidic mixers having a bifurcated fluidic flow through toroidal mixing elements. The mixers operate, at least partially, by Dean vortexing. Accordingly, the mixers are referred to as Dean Vortex Bifurcating Mixers ("DVBMs"). The DVBMs utilize Dean vortexing and asymmetric bifurcation of the fluidic channels that form the mixers in order to achieve the goal of optimized microfluidic mixing. The disclosed DVBM mixers can be incorporated into any fluidic (e.g., microfluidic) device known to those of skill in the art where mixing two or more fluids is desired. The disclosed mixers can be combined with any fluidic elements known to those of skill, including syringes, pumps, inlets, outlets, non-DVBM mixers, heaters, assays, detectors, and the like.SELECTED DRAWING: None
Lehfilcon A toric contact lenses worn in Period 1, followed by comfilcon A toric contact lenses worn in Period 2, as randomized. The study lenses will be worn bilaterally (in both eyes) during waking hours for at least 12 hours per day during each wear period (30 days \[-1/+3\] according to randomization assignment). Study lenses will be removed daily for cleaning and disinfection with CLEAR CARE Cleaning \& Disinfecting Solution.
Neuronal energy metabolism dysregulation is involved in various pathologies of Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), yet the role of RGMA in neuronal metabolic reprogramming has not been reported. In this study, we found that RGMA expression significantly increased after I/R, and compared to control mice, mice with MCAO/R showed an increase in glycolytic metabolic products and the expression of glycolytic pathway proteins. Furthermore, RGMA levels are closely related to neuronal energy metabolism. We discovered that knockdown of RGMA can shift neuronal energy metabolism towards oxidative phosphorylation and the pentose phosphate pathway, thereby protecting mice from ischemic reperfusion injury. Mechanistically, knockdown of RGMA can downregulate PGK1 expression, reducing the increase in glycolytic flux following ischemia reperfusion. Moreover, we found that knockdown of RGMA can reduce the interaction between USP10 and PGK1, thus affecting the ubiquitination degradation of PGK1. In summary, our data suggest that RGMA may regulate neuronal energy metabolism by inhibiting the USP10-mediated deubiquitination of PGK1, thus protecting it from I/R injury. This study provides new ideas for clarifying the intrinsic mechanism of neuronal damage after I/R.
BACKGROUND: Imatinib resistance remains a major obstacle in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Crocin (CRC) and astaxanthin (ATX) are phytochemicals with anti-cancer properties.
AIMS: This study aimed to explore the effects of combination treatment of Imatinib with CRC and ATX on Imatinib-resistant K562 (IR-K562) cells.
METHODS AND RESULTS: After the establishment of IR-K562 cells, growth inhibitory activity was determined by the MTT assay. To test the regeneration potential, a colony formation assay was performed. Cell cycle analyses were examined by flow cytometry. Cell injury was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage. Real-time PCR was applied to assess the expression of IL6, TNF-α, STAT3, BAD, CASP3, TP53, and Bcl-2 genes. Caspase-3 activity was determined by a colorimetric assay. Antioxidant activity was measured using a diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. After 48 h of treatment, ATX (IC50 = 30µM) and CRC (IC50 = 190µM) significantly inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation ability, induced G1 cell cycle arrest and cell injury, upregulated the expression of apoptosis-associated genes, and downregulated the expression of anti-apoptotic and inflammatory genes. The combination of IM with ATX and/or CRC synergistically reduced cell viability (combination index [CI] < 1).
CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that IM shows better therapeutic efficacy at lower doses when combined with ATX and/or CRC.
Simvastatin 20mg alone = Arm 3. After 1 year, those initially allocated to Arm 3 were re-randomized to simvastatin 20mg plus ezetimibe 10mg (Arm 3b) daily or placebo (Arm 3a). A double-dummy method ensured that patients and study staff were unaware of the treatment allocation, with Arm 3 patients taking 2 tablets (a placebo simvastatin plus ezetimibe tablet with an active simvastatin tablet) during the first year. After the first year, all Arm 3a and Arm 3b patients took one tablet (active or placebo simvastatin plus ezetimibe tablet).
OBJECTIVES: Immune checkpoint inhibitors and enfortumab vedotin have opened new avenues for sequential treatment strategies for locally advanced/metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC). In the pre-enfortumab vedotin era, many patients could not receive third-line treatment owing to rapid disease progression and poor general status. This study aimed to analyze real-world sequential treatment practices for la/mUC in Japan, with a focus on patients who do not receive third-line treatment.
METHODS: We analyzed data for 1023 la/mUC patients diagnosed between January 2020 and December 2021 at 54 institutions from a Japanese nationwide cohort.
RESULTS: At the median follow-up of 28.5 months, the median overall survival from first-line initiation for 905 patients who received systemic anticancer treatment was 19.1 months. Among them, 81% and 32% received second- and third-line treatment. Notably, 52% had their treatment terminated before the opportunity for third-line treatment. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that low performance status (≥1), elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (≥3), and low body mass index (<21 kg/m2) at the start of first-line treatment were independent risk factors for not proceeding to third-line treatment (p = 0.0024, 0.0069, and 0.0058, respectively). In this cohort, 33% had one of these factors, 36% had two, and 15% had all three.
CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the high frequency of factors associated with poor tolerance to anticancer treatment in la/mUC patients. The findings suggest the need to establish optimal sequential treatment strategies, maximizing efficacy within time and tolerance constraints, while concurrently providing strong supportive care, considering immunological and nutritional aspects.
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is the most common causes of irreversible blindness in diabetic retinopathy (DR).It is characterized by progressive loss of vision, retinal edema, vitreous hemorrhage (VH), retinal neovascularization, fibrovascular proliferation, tractional retinal detachment (TRD) and neovascular glaucoma (NVG).Although pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is the cornerstone for treatment of advanced PDR, related postoperative complications such as recurrent VH, NVG, and progressive fibrovascular proliferation may still cause serious visual impairment.It is well known that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a leading role of the neovascularization, vascular permeability, and diabetic macular edema.Intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs before or during PPV maybe a good adjunct to vitreous surgery for severe PDR. Some studies have confirmed that the application of anti-VEGF drugs before vitrectomy for PDR patients can reduce the difficulty of surgery and improve postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),but very few researches focused on the injections of anti-VEGF during surgery.Therefore, investigators carried out this study to compare the effects of preoperative and intraoperative intravitreal injections of ranibizumab (IVR) on vitrectomy outcomes for PDR patients.Investigators enroll PDR patients whose baseline characteristics including age, sex, BMI, type of diabetes, HbA1c level, duration of DM, hypertension, previous history of laser photocoagulation, status of lens, indication for surgery, baseline BCVA, IOP, baseline CRT and extent of VAG are comparable.The enrolled eyes are randomly assigned according to the Central Randomization System with a ratio of 1:1 to preoperative IVR group and intraoperative IVR group. Intraoperative and postoperative indices are collected for further comparison. Intraoperative indices including surgery time, intraoperative bleeding, intraocular electrocoagulation use, iatrogenic retinal breaks, relaxing retinotomy and silicone oil tamponade. Investigators compare whether there are statistical differences in the above indicators between the two groups. Meanwhile, postoperative indices are collected during 1week, 1 month, 3 month follow-up, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), postoperative vitreous hemorrhage (VH), neovascular glaucoma (NVG), recurrent retinal detachment, postoperative fibrovascular proliferation progression and reoperation. Investigators compare whether there are statistical differences in the above indicators between the two groups at different visit time.
A picture archiving communication system for storing, transferring various digital image data in a single or a plurality of hospitals includes a modality, a data base, a workstation as a display unit, and a network for connecting these components. The modality includes various diagnosis apparatuses for generating medical digital images, such as a film digitizer, an angiography apparatus, a CT scanner, an MRI system, a nuclear medicine diagnosis apparatus, an ultrasound diagnosis apparatus, and an electric endoscope. An examination ordering system is connected to the network. The workstation outputs computer-aided diagnosis data obtained by analyzing medical image data by means of a computer. This computer-aided diagnosis data includes the location, the type, and the degree of abnormality. In order to alarm an abnormality, the workstation displays a marker pointing the portion of the abnormal portion on the image, a text sentence representing the details of the abnormality. The computer-aided diagnosis data is obtained before its output is requested. The computer-aided diagnosis data is stored in a semiconductor memory until its output is requested.
PURPOSE: Salvage surgery is still the best therapeutic option for resectable recurrent oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (rOPSCC). Transoral robotic surgery may potentially reduce the morbidity of standard open approaches. The aim of the study is to present oncological and functional outcomes of a monocentric experience in salvage transoral robotic surgery.
METHODS: We performed a single-center retrospective analysis of patients submitted to transoral robotic salvage surgery with or without neck dissection for cT1-3 rOPSCC. We investigated complication rate, survival outcomes (Overall Survival, Disease Specific Survival, Loco-Regional Recurrence Free Survival) and functional outcomes (tracheal tube and/or gastrostomy dependence).
RESULTS: Sixty-one patients were included in the analysis. No major complications or perioperative deaths were recorded. The estimated 2-year OS was 76.7%, DSS 81.8% and LRRFS 50.5%. In multivariable analysis rpT, PNI (perineural infiltration) and HPV-positivity were significantly associated with LRRFS (Hazard Ratios: T3 vs T1 6.43, PNI yes vs no 4.19, HPV+ yes vs no 2.63). At last follow up, 97% of patients were tracheal tube-free, while 93% were gastrostomy-free.
CONCLUSION: Transoral robotic salvage surgery is a successful treatment in selected patients affected by rOPSCC because it grants good oncologic and functional outcomes.