anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Exit site infections are a risk factor for the development of peritonitis in patients on long-term peritoneal dialysis. Visual assessments of an exit site utilising currently available tools (Twardowski and Mid-European Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Study Group (MEPPS)) are necessary to objectively characterise the appearance of an exit site. The aim of this study was to assess the interobserver agreement of exit site evaluations utilising both exit site scoring tools.
METHODS: Exit site evaluations were independently performed by two evaluators during outpatient visits at 13 sites within the Standardizing Care to Improve Outcomes in Pediatric End Stage Kidney Disease collaborative. The frequency and percentage of evaluations where both reviewers agreed were calculated. A sub-analysis was performed looking at evaluations where disagreement occurred.
RESULTS: A total of 371 paired exit site evaluations were collected over 6 months. For the majority of evaluations (range: 78%-97% Twardowski, 78%-97% MEPPS), both reviewers agreed that no abnormality was present across all domains. When the analysis was restricted to evaluations where at least one reviewer noted an abnormality, interobserver agreement fell across all domains (range: 31%-61% Twardowski, 56%-66% MEPPS). Disagreements more commonly occurred regarding the presence versus absence of an abnormality, rather than a difference in the severity of an abnormality.
CONCLUSIONS: Whereas interobserver agreement is high when the appearance of a peritoneal dialysis catheter exit site is characterised as 'normal', interobserver disagreement is common when the appearance of the exit site is 'abnormal'. Further work is warranted to improve interobserver agreement of exit site assessments and to identify domains conferring an increased risk of infection.
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of virtual voice therapy during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown in Italy via the collection of opinions of speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Methods: All SLPs who regularly carried out their professional activity in public hospitals, private hospitals, or private practices in Italy were asked to fill out an online survey consisting of two sections: (1) demographic information (age, gender, work setting, seniority, working time, and regular use of virtual voice therapy) and (2) opinions regarding telerehabilitation (motivation, personal satisfaction, effectiveness, and future needs and uses). Results: A total of 299 SLPs (mean age 39.1 ± 12.4 years) completed the survey. Overall, a regular use of virtual voice therapy was declared by 31.1% (93/299) of SLPs, with the highest prevalence for SLPs working in fully private facilities (46.7%; p < 0.001). Among all respondents, 25.4% had a highly positive opinion on the possible use of virtual voice therapy, even in nonemergency situations, and 55.8% planned to maintain this rehabilitation modality in the future. Discussion: Italian SLPs, regardless of age, had a positive impact with the new telerehabilitation practices. Investments in training and updating SLPs through specific courses would help to break down the strong barriers to telepractice acceptance, such as lack of familiarity with new technologies and lack of adequate preparation. Virtual voice therapy, which had never been experienced in such a way in Italy before the COVID-19 pandemic, promises to be a valuable future addition to the current traditional rehabilitation approaches.
Experimental: Brief Prolonged Exposure Participants will receive Brief PE. Subjects in the Brief Prolonged Exposure (BPE) intervention group will additionally receive 3 total therapy sessions, each lasting about 60 minutes spaced about 1-7 days apart. Sessions include education about common reactions to trauma, breathing retraining, identification of self-care tasks and prolonged (repeated) imaginal exposure to trauma memories. Any missed sessions will be made up by scheduling multiple sessions in subsequent weeks. Individuals in the BPE group will complete a screener and then survey questionnaires/ interviews at 1, 3, and 6 months from Baseline.
Under subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) conditions, astrocytes undergo a marked intensification of glycolytic activity, resulting in the generation of substantial amounts of lactate to maintain the energy demand for neurons and other brain cells. Lactate has garnered increasing attention in recent years because of its emerging role in critical biological processes such as inflammation regulation and neuroprotection, particularly through its histone lactylation. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) plays a crucial role in maintaining neural development and promoting memory formation in the central nervous system. Nonetheless, the function and regulatory mechanism of BRD4 and histone lactylation in astrocytes following SAH remain elusive. Our findings indicate that BRD4, a crucial epigenetic regulator, plays a definitive role in histone lactylation. Both in vitro and in vivo, these results demonstrated that targeted silencing of BRD4 in astrocytes can significantly reduce H4K8la lactylation, thereby aggravating the A1 polarization of astrocytes and ultimately affecting the recovery of neural function and prognosis in mice after SAH. In summary, BRD4 plays a pivotal role in modulating astrocyte polarization following SAH via histone lactylation. Targeting this mechanism might offer an efficient therapeutic strategy for SAH.
Traditional Chinese medicine treatment is the original advantage in China for early stroke intervention. Xinglouchengqi decoction is an important prescription for the treatment of acute stage of stroke proposed by Academician Wang Yongyan. Early intervention can significantly improve the condition of patients and reduce the degree of neurological function deficit, but its mechanism of action is not clear.EEG, network graph theory and metabonomics are applied in evaluating the treatment of stroke, and to explore the mechanism of Xinglouchengqi decoction to improve the nerve injury of acute stroke patients. 30 stroke patients with acute period will be as the research object, using the observational cohort studies, to measure the dynamic of nerve function defect, EEG signals and other clinical information. Based on EEG to construct the brain functional network in the acute stage of stroke and to study the brain network mechanism of Xinglouchengqi decoction in improving the nerve injury of patients. Meanwhile, based on the study of metabolomics, the potential biomarkers and the metabolic pathway will be analyse to explore the pharmacodynamic substance.
Eligible subjects will continue their current anti-retroviral regimen (2 NRTIs plus an INI, NNRTI, or a PI) for 52 weeks. After 52 weeks subjects have the option to continue study participation by switching to CAB LA + RPV LA in the Extension Phase where they will follow the procedure of CAB LA + RPV LA arm.
Anxiety Disorders

Alprazolam tablets were compared to placebo in double blind clinical studies (doses up to 4 mg/day) in patients with a diagnosis of anxiety or anxiety with associated depressive symptomatology. Alprazolam tablet was significantly better than placebo at each of the evaluation periods of these 4-week studies as judged by the following psychometric instruments: Physician’s Global Impressions, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Target Symptoms, Patient’s Global Impressions, and Self-Rating Symptom Scale.

Panic Disorder

Support for the effectiveness of alprazolam tablet in the treatment of panic disorder came from three short-term, placebo–controlled studies (up to 10 weeks) in patients with diagnoses closely corresponding to DSM-III-R criteria for panic disorder. The average dose of alprazolam was 5 to 6 mg/day in two of the studies, and the doses of alprazolam were fixed at 2 and 6 mg/day in the third study. In all three studies, alprazolam was superior to placebo on a variable defined as “the number of patients with zero panic attacks” (range, 37 to 83% met this criterion), as well as on a global improvement score. In two of the three studies, alprazolam was superior to placebo on a variable defined as “change from baseline on the number of panic attacks per week” (range, 3.3 to 5.2) and also on phobia rating scale. A subgroup of patients who were improved on alprazolam during short-term treatment in one of these trials was continued on an open basis up to 8 months, without apparent loss of benefit.
A third main objective is to determine the effect of the stepstool use on the quality of chest compressions and metabolic demand. The endpoint will be the difference between mean time to ineffective compressions (defined as 10 consecutive compressions that fail to meet AHA guidelines for depth and rate) and mean time to anaerobic threshold in each experimental group.
The proposed project is a randomized controlled trial to compare cognition and psychiatric disorder symptoms between monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs, who are concordant on frequency of cannabis use. Each twin, within the twin pair, will be randomly assigned to either contingency management (CM), monetary incentives provided to reinforce cannabis abstinence, or control, no changes in cannabis use required or reinforced. Participants in the CM condition will receive an increasing schedule of payments at each visit reinforcing continued cannabis abstinence. All participants will receive increases in the payment schedule for attendance of each subsequent assessment. Participants will be assessed on measures of cognition including attention, memory, and processing speed as well as anxiety, depression, and ADHD symptoms. In addition, at each visit participants will complete a qualitative and quantitative drug test. The qualitative drug test will be used to determine if new cannabis use has occurred since the last visit, and will determine if the participant receives payment for abstinence. The investigators will also use previously collected genotype for each participant.

The first aim of this study is to characterize cognitive recovery, across all potential cognitive domains, using an experimental manipulation to achieve discordance between MZ twins on cannabis use. The hypothesis for the first aim is that the abstinent group will have greater improvements in memory and processing speed compared to controls. However, there will not be any group differences between the abstinent group and the control group on attention, language, and executive function performance. The second aim of the proposed project is to characterize psychiatric disorder symptoms by comparing psychiatric disorder symptom changes among the cannabis abstaining twin to their cannabis using co-twin across 42 days. The abstinent group will endorse more psychiatric symptoms during the withdrawal period (up to 14 days) but will endorse fewer psychiatric symptoms at day 28 and 42 compared to the control group. The third aim (exploratory) of the proposed project is to examine how genetic risk for psychiatric disorders interacts with environment (i.e., cannabis abstinence versus continued use) to influence cognitive functioning. The hypothesis for aim 3 is that anxiety, depression, and ADHD polygenic scores will be more strongly associated with cognitive outcomes in the control group compared to the abstinent group.
ICE BAT is a single centre pilot study.

In stage 1, 12 to 24 young people aged 16-26 will be recruited into the study. Participants will use a cooling garment (for 1-2 hours). MRI scans and thermal imaging will be performed before and after ICE to evaluate BAT size and activation. Liver steatosis will be evaluated using MRI Proton Dense Fat Fraction (PDFF). Serum markers of BAT activation and glucose/lipid metabolism will be measured before and after ICE.

In stage 2,12 children with NAFLD and 12 age- and sex-matched controls will be enrolled in the study. In stage 2a, healthy controls will use a cooling garment (for 1-2 hours) and undergo MRI scan and thermal imaging before and after ICE to evaluate BAT size and activation. Liver steatosis will be evaluated using MRI PDFF. In stage 2b the NAFLD patients will be asked to attend for one day and if they are happy to continue, will use a cooling garment (for 1-2 hours/day for a further 4 days). MRI scans and thermal imaging will be performed before and after ICE on day 1 and day 5 to evaluate BAT size and activation. Liver steatosis will be evaluated using MRI PDFF. Serum markers of BAT activation and glucose/lipid metabolism will be measured on day 1 and day 5. Participants with NAFLD, will be asked to give a faecal sample for analysis of their gut microbiome before the study and after day 5 of ICE treatment.
The information-only control consists of 1, 50-60-minute online individual session delivered via video conference. Content will provide basic psychoeducation about sleep and aging.
Microplastics (MPs) are plastic particles < 5 mm in diameter, of which polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) are representative type. The extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation of macrophages is associated with the development of emphysema. Additionally, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have a regulatory role in epigenetic mechanisms related to lung disease. However, the mechanisms of the ECM degradation and circRNAs in MPs-induced emphysema are still unclear. In our study, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were treated with 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/m3 100 nm PS-MPs for 90 days in an inhalation experiment. PS-MPs-exposed rats showed elevated airway resistance and pulmonary dysfunction. Lung histopathology exhibited inflammatory cell infiltration, septal thickening and alveolar dilatation. Exposure to PS-MPs was able to induce elevated levels of ECM degradation-related markers MMP9 and MMP12, as well as reduced levels of elastin in rat lung tissues. CircRNA_SMG6 is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) with a homologous circular structure in human, rat and mouse. The expression level of circRNA_SMG6 was decreased in both rat lung tissues exposed to PS-MPs and PS-MPs-treated THP-1 cells. The luciferase reporter gene demonstrated that circRNA_SMG6 combined with miR-570-3p and co-regulated PTEN, the target gene of miR-570-3p. Moreover, overexpression of circRNA_SMG6 or inhibition of miR-570-3p attenuated PS-MPs-induced ECM degradation in THP-1 cells. Taken together, circRNA_SMG6 may have a significant function in the deterioration of emphysema caused by PS-MPs-induced macrophage ECM degradation by regulating miR-570-3p. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism of emphysema caused by PS-MPs and provide valuable information for assessing the health risks of MPs.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral infarction in the basal ganglia may cause secondary and delayed neuronal degeneration in the substantia nigra (SN). However, the clinical significance of SN degeneration remains poorly understood.
METHODS: This retrospective observational study included patients with acute ischemic stroke in the basal ganglia on initial diffusion-weighted imaging who underwent follow-up diffusion-weighted imaging between 4 and 30 days after symptom onset. SN degeneration was defined as a hyperintensity lesion in the SN observed on diffusion-weighted imaging. We compared functional outcomes at 3 months between patients with and without SN degeneration. A poor outcome was defined as a score of 3-6 (functional dependence or death) on the modified Rankin Scale.
RESULTS: Of 350 patients with basal ganglia infarction (median age = 74.0 years, 53.7% male), 125 (35.7%) had SN degeneration. The proportion of functional dependence or death was 79.2% (99/125 patients) in patients with SN degeneration, which was significantly higher than that in those without SN degeneration (56.4%, 127/225 patients, p < 0.001). SN degeneration was more frequent in patients with functional dependence or death (99/226 patients, 43.8%) than in those with functional independence (26/124 patients, 21.0%, p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between SN degeneration and functional dependence or death (odds ratio = 2.91, 95% confidence interval = 1.17-7.21, p = 0.021).
CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that patients with degeneration of SN were associated with functional dependence or death at 3 months, suggesting that secondary degeneration is a predictor of poor stroke outcomes and a potential therapeutic target.
The distill water based solution of [K2SO4, Al2 (SO4)~, 24H2O], usually known as common Alum. of normality 0.03(N), is a NON-SPECIFIC ANTI-VIRAL and ANTI-BACTERIAL (ANIT-MICROORGANISMS) Solution for treatment of external viral and bacterial Infection. There will be ample scope for many medicinal uses of this solution. It is very effective for those wounds, which do not heal and sometimes discharge pus for a long period even after taking medicines for required doses and in some cases where the antibiotics totally fall to cure the wounds. Also too much use of antibiotics has many side effects, but the invented medicine 'INHEAL, has no side effect at all. It, Is also very effective for normal painful'ACNE or PIMPLE and WHITLOW or FELON which are very afflicting and annoying. 'INHEAL' works very fast and helps body in healing wounds very quickly. It is also helpful to cure, the injury caused due to any kind of animal bite. Dog and cat bites can cause infection and, in a handful of cases, death. Bite wounds from cats and dogs contain more bacteria than originally thought and some that had not previously been believed to cause 4rifection in humans. When treated with penicillin-type drugs which, the scientists say, may not be effective in killing the bacteria. The bacteria identified include common bugs, such as pasteurella, which is present in 50% of dog bites and 75% of cat bites. While using 'INHEAL' for treating such type of Injury it has been found that the infected areas recover very quickly. INHEAL is a nonspecific anti-viral and anti­bacterial liquid, so it is not necessary to take a specimen of the germs for sending it to the laboratory for analysis. Usually in case of bacterial infection there are many antibiotics but they work very slow and some times fail and it also takes much time to select which antibiotic will be preferable. That's why it is very easy to take this medicine externally without following any delayed steps of investigation, even in emergency.
PURPOSE:To obtain an antitumor agent composed of purified cell walls, in high yield, by treating the cells of bacteria belonging to Bifido bacterium genus with a surface active agent, a protease, a nuclease, an organic solvent and a dilute acid, thereby removing only the intracellular component without breaking the cell wall of the bacterial cell. CONSTITUTION:The cells of bacteria belonging to Bifidobacterium genus are treated with a surface active agent, preferably a neutral surface active agent such as Triton X-100, etc. The product is treated with a protease active in an alkaline region (7-8pH) such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, etc., and then with a unclease selected from ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease. The treated product is further treated with a protease active in an acidic region (2-3pH) such as pepsin, and then with pronase having low substrate specificity. The objective antitumor agent can be obtained by defatting the product with an organic solvent and then heating in the presence of a dilute acid. A purified cell wall having perfect three-dimensional structure can be prepared, and an antitumor agent having higher activity than the agent obtained by the conventional method is obtained in high yield.
This will be a single center open label proof of concept study, recruiting subjects previously treated with Forteo for at least 12 months.

A screening period of 3 to 6 weeks will precede the treatment period. At the baseline visit, patients whose eligibility is confirmed will be treated with ZA and followed for 12 months. Safety and efficacy will be assessed at regular intervals (day one, day 10, month 2, month 6, month 9 and month 12). Renal safety will be assessed prior to the i.v. dose of study medication, day 10 after the i.v. dose of study medication and at 12 months. Bone density at the lumbar spine (L1-4) and total hip will be performed at 6 months and at the end of the 12 month treatment period. Biomarker analyses for secondary endpoint will be performed for at day 10, month 2, month 6, month 9 and month 12.
This study will determine if the acute ingestion of a ketone supplement alters cycling time trial performance. Trained participants with competitive cycling experience will be recruited. Exercise will involve a 20-minute bout of cycling on a stationary ergometer with the goal of producing the highest power output possible. Participants will ingest either a ketone supplement or a taste-matched placebo drink prior to exercise using a randomized, double-blind crossover design. Diet prior to exercise will be standardized between trials for a given participant. Blood samples will be obtained to assess selected metabolic responses. This study will provide information regarding the effect of ketone supplementation on exercise responses.
Chronic pelvic pain is heterogeneous with potentially clinically informative subgroups. We aimed to identify subgroups of pelvic pain based on symptom patterns and investigate their associations with inflammatory and chronic pain-related comorbidities. Latent class analysis (LCA) identified subgroups of participants (n = 1255) from the Adolescence to Adulthood (A2A) cohort. Six participant characteristics were included in the LCA: severity, frequency, and impact on daily activities of both menstruation-associated (cyclic) and non-menstruation-associated (acyclic) pelvic pain. Three-step LCA quantified associations between LC subgroups, demographic and clinical variables, and 18 comorbidities (10 with prevalence ≥10%). Five subgroups were identified: none or minimal (23%), moderate cyclic only (28%), severe cyclic only (20%), moderate or severe acyclic plus moderate cyclic (9%), and severe acyclic plus severe cyclic (21%). Endometriosis prevalence within these 5 LCA-pelvic pain-defined subgroups ranged in size from 4% in "none or minimal pelvic pain" to 24%, 72%, 70%, and 94%, respectively, in the 4 pain subgroups, with statistically significant odds of membership only for the latter 3 subgroups. Migraines were associated with significant odds of membership in all 4 pelvic pain subgroups relative to those with no pelvic pain (adjusted odds ratios = 2.92-7.78), whereas back, joint, or leg pain each had significantly greater odds of membership in the latter 3 subgroups. Asthma or allergies had three times the odds of membership in the most severe pain group. Subgroups with elevated levels of cyclic or acyclic pain are associated with greater frequency of chronic overlapping pain conditions, suggesting an important role for central inflammatory and immunological mechanisms.