anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Cardiac cachexia has been shown to be powerful independent predictor of mortality in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). Unlike starvation, cachectic CHF patients present with a decrease of muscles and/or fat tissue. This probably depends, at least in part, on the level of inflammatory activation. Theoretically, it seems clear that nutritional status has to be improved in cardiac cachexia. It has been suggested that inflammatory activation in CHF may be due to endotoxin translocation through the edematous gut wall. Elevated endotoxin levels have been found in patients with acutely decompensated CHF, but these levels normalized with diuretic treatment. This finding may be of utmost importance. From one side it underscores the need for aggressive diuretic treatment to prevent translocation, from another side however, it suggests potential area for enteral treatment. Enteral route of nutrition may be highly beneficial by diminishing bacterial translocation from guts and/or endotoxin transfer, finally resulting in lower inflammatory activation Numerous experimental studies display that enteral feeding reduces bacterial translocation, endotoxin absorption and positively modulates function of local immune tissue.

A search of the literature shows that very little is known about the effectiveness of nutritional support on functional performance in cachectic CHF patients and actually no reports concern the influence of enteral feeding on immune activation of cachectic CHF patients. Recent information of some links existing between leptin, which is increased in CHF, and inflammatory activation in this syndrome speculate on a functional role of leptin in immune activation in CHF. As leptin is one of the most important hormones in the regulation of body energy metabolism, we think it is reasonable to look also into enteral feeding -induced changes of leptin and concomitant fluctuations of plasma cytokines.

During the last 12 months we have been using nutritional support in cachectic patients with CHF as an adjunct to standard therapy. We were surprised by a significant functional improvement that we observed in many instances. As most of these patients were subjected to aggressive multi-drug diuretic therapy as well, it was impossible to appreciate the role of enteral nutrition in this respect. We think, these observations are worth verification in more controlled prospective studies.
The effectiveness of immediate-release lamotrigine as adjunctive therapy was initially established in 3 pivotal, multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trials in 355 adults with refractory partial-onset seizures.

The effectiveness of Lamotrigine Extended-Release Tablets as adjunctive therapy in partial-onset seizures, with or without secondary generalization, was established in a 19-week, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 236 patients aged 13 years and older (approximately 93% of patients were aged 16 to 65 years). Approximately 36% were from the U.S. and approximately 64% were from other countries including Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Germany, India, Korea, Russian Federation, and Ukraine. Patients with at least 8 partial-onset seizures during an 8-week prospective baseline phase (or 4-week prospective baseline coupled with a 4-week historical baseline documented with seizure diary data) were randomized to treatment with Lamotrigine Extended-Release Tablets (n = 116) or placebo (n = 120) added to their current regimen of 1 or 2 AEDs. Approximately half of the patients were taking 2 concomitant AEDs at baseline. Target doses ranged from 200 to 500 mg/day of Lamotrigine Extended-Release Tablets based on concomitant AED (target dose = 200 mg for valproate, 300 mg for AEDs not altering plasma lamotrigine, and 500 mg for enzyme-inducing AEDs). The median partial seizure frequency per week at baseline was 2.3 for Lamotrigine Extended-Release Tablets and 2.1 for placebo.

The primary endpoint was the median percent change from baseline in partial-onset seizure frequency during the entire double-blind treatment phase. The median percent reductions in weekly partial-onset seizures were 47% in patients treated with Lamotrigine Extended-Release Tablets and 25% on placebo, a difference that was statistically significant, defined as a 2-sided P value ≤0.05. 

Figure 2 presents the percentage of patients (X-axis) with a percent reduction in partial-onset seizure frequency (responder rate) from baseline through the entire treatment period at least as great as that represented on the Y-axis. The proportion of patients achieving any particular level of reduction in partial-onset seizure frequency was consistently higher for the group treated with Lamotrigine Extended-Release Tablets compared with the placebo group. For example, 44% of patients randomized to Lamotrigine Extended-Release Tablets experienced a 50% or greater reduction in partial-onset seizure frequency compared with 21% of patients randomized to placebo.

Figure 2. Proportion of Patients by Responder Rate for Lamotrigine Extended-Release Tablets and Placebo Group (Partial-Onset Seizure Study)
The present invention relates to the field of medicine and biotechnology. More specifically it relates to oxygen carrier compositions for the delivery of oxygen to tissues and organs (e.g., to the myocardium) under bloodless situations. It further relates to medical uses and methods of treatment comprising the administration thereof, for instance, as delivery vehicle for gene therapy purposes. In a particular embodiment, it relates to an oxygen carrier composition for use in a method for the in vivo diagnosis and/or treatment of a myocardial disease; wherein said method comprises the following consecutive steps: i. temporary occluding a coronary artery, and optionally, temporary occluding a coronary vein; ii. administering into the coronary artery downstream to the site of occlusion the oxygen carrier composition, wherein said oxygen carrier composition has been pre-oxygenated; and iii. administering into the coronary artery downstream to the site of occlusion a diagnostic, prophylactic and/or therapeutic agent and the oxygen carrier composition; wherein the oxygen carrier composition in ii) is substantially free of the diagnostic, prophylactic and/or therapeutic agent administered in iii); and wherein in step iii) the agent and the oxygen carrier composition are administered simultaneously.
VR Blue is a protocol for patients with advanced stage colorectal cancer who experience persistent pain. Participants will complete a single 30-minute laboratory-based virtual reality underwater/sea environment (VR Blue) session. VR Blue is an immersive computer-generated environment featuring calming scenic graphics and relaxing nature music.
The present invention relates to a method using a cock to make traditional Chinese medicine cock soup with the functions of health care and nutrition. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, pig pony roll bones are decocted into soup blends; step 2, the cock is slaughtered, cock feathers are removed, cock breast treatment is carried out, and the cock is cleaned and diced; step 3, pilose asiabell root, angelica, sliced cornus cervi, rhizoma polygonati, polygonatum, fructus lycii, walnut pulp, ophiopogon root, cistanche salsa, semen allii tuberosi, rhizoma kaempferiae, glaangal, anise, common fennel, flos caryophyllata, dried ginger, nutmeg and tsaoko amomum fruit are taken; step 4, the cock blocks, the soup blends and auxiliary materials are put in a pan for being decocted into soup, and common salt is added to the soup; step 5, the made-up cock soup is poured in a container for high temperature and high pressure sterilization, vacuum pumping and seal. The traditional Chinese medicine cock soup with the functions of health care and nutrition of the present invention has the characteristics of fresh, pure and delicious taste, etc. and the advantages of simple preparation method, easy processing and easy production. The commodity value of cocks is greatly improved, and through the longtime eating of the traditional Chinese medicine cock soup with the functions of health care and nutrition of the present invention, the efficiency of nourishing yin, strengthening yang, strengthening the tendons and the bones, warming and invigorating the livers and the kidneys, enhancing organism immunizing power, etc. can be achieved.
All patients undergo total body irradiation (TBI) on days -9 to -6 \& receive thiotepa intravenously (IV) over 2-4 hours on days -5 to -4, cyclophosphamide IV over 30-60 minutes on days -3 to -2, \& anti-thymocyte globulin infused over 12 hours on days -3 to -2 Pts undergo T-cell depleted allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant on day 0. Pts will receive a three month depot dose of Lupron 3-6 weeks prior to the start date of the pre-transplant conditioning regimen. Pts will receive palifermin at 60mcg/kg/day IV on three consecutive days, 24 hours apart with the last dose administered no less than 24 \& no more than 48 hours prior to the start of cytoreduction. Pts will receive three additional daily doses of palifermin the first approximately 6 hours after the stem cell infusion on day 0, followed by two daily doses given at 24 hour intervals on d+1 \& d+2. Pts will receive a further 3-month depot injection of Lupron approximately 3 months (+/- one week) post the first dose.
Genome duplications and ploidy transitions have occurred in nearly every major taxon of eukaryotes, but they are far more common in plants than in animals. Due to the conservation of the nuclear:cytoplasmic volume ratio increased DNA content results in larger cells. In plants, polyploid organisms are larger than diploids as cell number remains relatively constant. Conversely, vertebrate body size does not correlate with cell size and ploidy as vertebrates compensate for increased cell size to maintain tissue architecture and body size. This has historically been explained by a simple reduction in cell number that matches the increase in cell size maintaining body size as ploidy increases, but here we show that the compensatory mechanisms that maintain body size in triploid zebrafish are tissue-specific: A) erythrocytes respond in the classical pattern with a reduced number of larger erythrocytes in circulation, B) muscle, a tissue comprised of polynucleated muscle fibers, compensates by reducing the number of larger nuclei such that myofiber and myotome size in unaffected by ploidy, and C) vascular tissue compensates by thickening blood vessel walls, possibly at the expense of luminal diameter. Understanding the physiological implications of ploidy on tissue function requires a detailed description of the specific mechanisms of morphological compensation occurring in each tissue to understand how ploidy changes affect development and physiology.
Participants receive oral Rigosertib under fasting conditions twice a day on a continuous basis. Quality of life questionnaire completed on Day 1 of Cycle 1.
We report a case of vaccine-induced Sweet syndrome in a female patient in her 50s presenting with fevers and a scattered red patchy rash on the lower limbs. Seven days prior, she had received the first dose of AstraZeneca ChAdOx1-S vaccine. A skin biopsy confirmed Sweet syndrome. She did not respond to high doses of prednisolone and required methotrexate therapy to induce remission. This is one of the first reports of Sweet syndrome caused by the ChAdOx1-S vaccine and provides further evidence for vaccine-induced dermatosis. This case demonstrates that methotrexate can induce remission in cases of Sweet syndrome resistant to corticosteroids. This report also describes an approach to the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with a rash, fever and malaise.
Study procedures include the Scar Cosmesis Assessment and Rating (SCAR) scale and numerical rating scale (NRS) questionnaire at one, 14 and 30 days after totally endoscopic aortic/mitral valve replacement. Additionally, a photo of the incisions will be taken at these time points.
Vitamin A given as treatment and pre-treatment has reduced the severity of symptoms after infusion with endotoxin in several animal models. We intend to examine the effect of vitamin A as pre-treatment on the response to endotoxin in humans. As studies in children in low-income countries have indicated that vitamin A has long-term effects on the immune system, we furthermore wish to examine the long-term effects of vitamin A on the response to endotoxin. This will be done in an established model using infusion with endotoxin to male human volunteers. We hypothesise that vitamin A decreases endotoxin levels and TNF-alfa responses. Furthermore, we hypothesise that it reduces oxidative stress and injury.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a life-threatening disease characterized by severe pulmonary fibrosis, for which there is an urgent need for effective therapeutic agents. Mefloquine (Mef) is a quinoline compound primarily used for the treatment of malaria. However, high doses (>25 mg/kg) may lead to side effects such as cardiotoxicity and psychiatric disorders. Here, we found that low-dose Mef (5 mg/kg) can safely and effectively treat IPF mice. Functionally, Mef can improve the pulmonary function of IPF mice (PIF, PEF, EF50, VT, MV, PENH), alleviating pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis by inhibiting macrophage activity. Mechanically, Mef probably regulates the Jak2/Stat3 signaling pathway by binding to the 492HIS site of Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2) protein in macrophages, inhibiting the secretion of macrophage inflammatory and fibrotic factors. In summary, Mef may inhibit macrophage activity by binding to KCNH2 protein, thereby slowing down the progress of IPF.
Objective. Ankle and midfoot injuries are common orthopedic complaints, both in general medicine and orthopedic practice. The percentage of fractures among these injuries is small, however many will undergo x-ray. Ottawa ankle rules (OAR) are clinical guidelines for determining whether to use radiography in such cases. The aim of this prospective study was to compare outcomes in patients handled by emergency physician according to OAR versus by an orthopedic resident. Also, we validated the applicability of OAR in an emergency department in our country.

Methods. 92 consecutive patients with ankle injuries attending our emergency department were divided in two groups. The study group comprised 32 patients who arrived during the morning shift and were examined by an emergency physician according to OAR. Patients discharged without an x-ray were followed in the clinic or by telephone communication. The control group constituted 60 patients who were examined during the evening and night shifts by orthopedic residents unaware of this study.
Hairpin triplex-forming oligonucleotides that target pyrimidine nucleic acids are disclosed. The oligonucleotides of the invention are characterized by having a duplex-forming region, a triplex-forming region, and a linker region wherein one of the internucleoside linkages between the duplex-forming and triplex-forming region is a 5'-5' or 3'-3' linkage. The duplex-forming region is comprised of purine nucleosides and has a sequence substantially complementary to a pyridine region of a target nucleic acid. The triplex-forming region is comprised of pyrimidine nucleosides and is substantially complementary in the Watson-Crick sense to the duplex-forming region. The linker region is comprised of nucleotides or other moieties that link the duplex- and triplex-forming regions. In the absence of target, the hairpin triplex-forming oligonucleotide folds back upon itself, the duplex- and triplex-forming regions running in parallel. In the presence of target nucleic acids, the duplex-forming region binds to the target by Watson-Crick bonding, and the triplex-forming region by Hoogsteen bonding, forming a triplex. The disclosed oligonucleotides display increased stability and are useful for modulating gene expression.
Data from human and animal models strongly suggests that reduced tissue mitochondrial function can be an early marker for detection of dysfunctional metabolism. It is unclear if tissue mitochondrial dysfunction can be detected using less invasive methodology. In this project, the investigators plan to study mitochondrial bioenergetics in circulating cells and paired muscle biopsies in two metabolic disparate groups of women; healthy lean vs. overweight/obese with/without insulin resistant women of similar age. Women of similar age that are either healthy lean or overweight/obese with/without insulin resistance will be recruited to participate in one study that includes a blood draw and a muscle biopsy. Mitochondrial function in circulating blood cells and muscle tissue will be determined. The association between circulating blood cells and muscle tissue mitochondria respiration will be determined for the two groups combined, and differences between groups will also be investigated.
Individual brief psychological intervention by adaptation of the Guide NICE "Common Mental Health Disorders" (ISBN 978-1-84936-585-7) and the unified protocol for the trasndiagnostic treatment of the emotional disorders of Barlow (Boisseau, Farchione, Fairholme, Ellard, y Barlow, 2010). This intervention is provided by clinical psychologist in secondary care.
Between 10% and 20% of patients with hypercortisolism (Cushing's Syndrome) have tumoral ectopic production of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) that causes cortisol excess. If an ectopic tumor cannot be found or if surgery cannot be done, the treatment options include medicines that reduce cortisol production and bilateral adrenalectomy. The available medications that reduce cortisol production have important adverse effects and are not effective in some patients and adrenalectomy leads to lifelong requirements for medical hormone replacement. Thus, additional treatment options would be welcome. This study evaluates a potential new medication for the treatment of these patients; mifepristone blocks the effects of cortisol rather than decreasing its production. The purpose of this study is to see whether this agent can improve diabetes or other symptoms of Cushing's syndrome in subjects with ectopic ACTH secretion. Another purpose is to evaluate adverse effects with this drug. Patients with presumed ectopic ACTH secretion and diabetes will take mifepristone 600 mg daily by mouth, and the effect on diabetes and other symptoms of Cushing's syndrome will be measured. Subjects will return to the hospital at 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after starting mifepristione for evaluation of diabetes and other symptoms. The agent will be available for up to 12 months for patients in whom it is effective.

Patients take mifepristone by mouth 3 times a day. Each dose will contain 200 mg. Patients may remain in the hospital for all or part of the initial safety studies, every two weeks for eight weeks. During this period blood pressure, glucose tolerance and blood chemistries are measured and EKG and urinalysis done every two weeks. The mifepristone dose can be decreased or stopped if there are adverse effects. When the mifepristone dose is stable for eight weeks, patients will be re-evaluated. Patients then return to the hospital for evaluations one month later and then every 3 months. Those who do well on the drug may continue to take it for up to 12 months.
PURPOSE:To produce a mold protoplast, in high yield, by culturing the spore of a mold, and treating the obtained germinated spore with a specific cell wall lyase. CONSTITUTION:Conidium of a mold (belonging to Aspergillus genus, Rhizopus genus, Penicillium genus, etc.) is inoculated in a nutrient medium, and cultured at about 15-35 deg.C until the length (the sum of the lengths of the spore and the mycelium) of almost all germinated spores becomes 5-15 times the outer diameter of the original spore (at the initiation of the culture). The mold spores obtained by the above procedure are added to an enzymatic liquid containing about 1-10mg/ml of chitinase (e.g. Chitinase No-100466, product of ICN Corp. USA) and about 10-100mg/ml of beta-1,3-glucanase (e.g. crude enzyme prepared from the culture liquid of Bacillus circulance IAM-1165), and subjected to the enzymatic treatment at about 6-7pH for about 30min-6hr to dissolve the cell wall and obtain the objective mold protoplast.
OBJECTIVE: Ferroptosis of neurons is a significant cause of brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). As an iron-containing compound in hemoglobin, heme contributes to nerve injury post-ICH. Melatonin has been shown to mitigate the effects of ICH, yet its specific functions remain largely elusive. In this study, we aimed to explore the roles and mechanisms of melatonin in heme-induced ferroptosis subsequent to ICH.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were intracranially injected with heme and then treated with melatonin. Behavior tests [modified neurological severity score (mNSS), forelimb placing, and corner turn tests], H&E staining, Nissl staining, and Prussian blue staining were used to evaluate mouse brain tissue injury. In vitro, HT-22 cells were stimulated with heme and cell viability was determined by crystal violet staining. The iron contents were determined in heme-treated brains and cells, and the levels of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were assessed by ELISA. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to investigate the mRNA levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Immunoblotting was used to analyze the protein expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), Nrf2, and HO-1. Finally, small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knock down Nrf2 in HT-22 cells.
RESULTS: Melatonin treatment alleviated heme-induced injuries to neural function, as indicated by improved behavior in the mice. Moreover, melatonin decreased cell death and iron concentrations, increased MDA and 4-HNE levels, and reversed the decreases in GPX4, SLC7A11, Nrf2, and HO-1 induced by heme in vitro and in vivo. These results indicated that melatonin could improve the ferroptosis induced by heme. In addition, we found that Nrf2 knockdown attenuated the therapeutic effect of melatonin on neuronal ferroptosis induced by heme.
CONCLUSIONS: In general, melatonin alleviates heme-induced ferroptosis by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, which implies that melatonin is a promising treatment for ferroptosis in ICH.