anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention relates to new polycation bioconjugates and to a method for producing them. New polycation bioconjugates according to the invention are characterized by that the comprised polycations are capable of transporting active substances of different types in the mammal organism, i.e. for functioning as carrier molecules, thus are able to enhance the biological effectiveness of the transported molecules, and consequently they can, for example, favourably inhibit malignant cell proliferation, or they possess antimicrobial effect, or are suitable for transportation of genes. A further characteristic of the polycation bioconjugates according to the invention is that each of them contains isopolypeptide carrier molecules, bearing free alpha-amino group, as a common characteristic structural element. Enhancer molecules - same or different - having appropriate binding functions are coupled by chemical bonds directly and/or indirectly through connecting molecules - that may be identical or different ones - to the carrier molecule. Hence the polycation bioconjugates synthetized according to the invention are of general formula (I) wherein: "r" is a mean value between 20 and 400, "m"=0, 1, 2, 3, ...k, "[(k)Mx]" designates enhancer molecules and/or connecting molecules conjugated by covalent (=k) bonds to the isopolypeptide polycation carrier molecule, and "[(i)Mx]" designates enhancer molecules conjugated by ionic (=i) bonds to the isopolypeptide polycation carrier molecule, whereas the said enhancer molecules and connecting molecules having appropriate functional groups for conjugation may either be identical ones or of (two or more i.e "x") different kinds, and the enhancer molecules can be conjugated directly and/or indirectly through a connecting molecule.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and causes high mortality worldwide. Although CRC has been studied widely, the molecular mechanism is not completely known. Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta (EEF1D) participates in the progression of various tumors, however, the effect of EEF1D on CRC remains unclear. Here, we aimed to identify the potential mechanism of EEF1D in CRC. The expression levels of EEF1D were assessed in CRC samples. Functional analysis of EEF1D in CRC was detected in vitro and in vivo. The regulatory mechanism of EEF1D was identified with RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down assay, and proteomics analysis. Our findings confirmed that EEF1D was upregulated in human CRC tissues. Functionally, EEF1D overexpression accelerated cell proliferation and metastasis, whereas EEF1D knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo CRC models. Furthermore, we showed that EEF1D was upregulated by SRSF9 via binding to 3'UTR of EEF1D mRNA. EEF1D knockdown reversed the malignant phenotype induced by SRSF9 overexpression. These findings demonstrated that EEF1D promotes CRC progression, and EEF1D may be a molecular target against CRC.
Participants received matching placebo as a subcutaneous injection once every 2 weeks or once every 4 weeks. The dose and dosing frequency was determined by serum total IgE level and body weight using the study-drug dosing table. All participants were also treated during the entire study with intranasal corticosteroids (mometasone nasal spray) as background therapy.
Bisglucosyl moranoline derivs. of formula (I) are pref. obtd. by reaction of bis-(3-halo-1-propenyl)benzene (II) with 4-(alpha-D- glucosyl) moranoline (III), e.g. in DMSO in the presence of an acid binder. The compds. (III) is obtd. by the reaction of moranoline with alpha-cyclodextrin in the presence of cyclodextrin glucosyltransferase, followed by absorption in a strongly acidic ion exchange resin and treatment with glucoamylase. The compd. (I) is useful for treating diabetes mellitus and has a more potent blood sugar-reducing action than related moranoline derivs.
The invention discloses an immunomodulatory peptide Ha-CATH and application thereof. Belongs to the biomedical field. The immunomodulatory peptide Ha-CATH is a cyclic polypeptide of which the eighth cysteine residue and the thirteenth cysteine residue form a pair of intramolecular disulfide bonds, the molecular weight is 2361.8 daltons, the isoelectric point is 6.04, and the amino acid sequence is shown as SEQ ID NO. 1, wherein the eighth cysteine residue and the thirteenth cysteine residue are coded by the skin repair peptide gene of the Chinese amphibian rana. The gene (GenBank accession: OQ 992774) encoding the immunomodulatory peptide Ha-CATH precursor consists of 714 nucleotides, and the nucleotide sequence of the gene is shown as SEQ ID NO. 2; wherein the 445 th to 504 th nucleotides are immunomodulatory peptide Ha ‑ The coding gene of CATH. Immunomodulatory peptide Ha ‑ CATH in preparation of skin wound repair promoting treatmentThe application in medicines.
EMPAVELI, a complement inhibitor, increases the risk of serious infections, especially those caused by encapsulated bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae type B [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. Life-threatening and fatal infections with encapsulated bacteria have occurred in patients treated with complement inhibitors. These infections may become rapidly life-threatening or fatal if not recognized and treated early.

  * Complete or update vaccination for encapsulated bacteria at least 2 weeks prior to the first dose of EMPAVELI, unless the risks of delaying therapy with EMPAVELI outweigh the risk of developing a serious infection. Comply with the most current Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendations for vaccinations against encapsulated bacteria in patients receiving a complement inhibitor. See Warnings and Precautions (5.1) for additional guidance on the management of the risk of serious infections caused by encapsulated bacteria.
  * Patients receiving EMPAVELI are at increased risk for invasive disease caused by encapsulated bacteria, even if they develop antibodies following vaccination. Monitor patients for early signs and symptoms of serious infections and evaluate immediately if infection is suspected.



Because of the risk of serious infections caused by encapsulated bacteria, EMPAVELI is available only through a restricted program under a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) called the EMPAVELI REMS [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Subjects are instructed to dilute apomorphine 0.5% (5mg/ml) with the same volume of physiologic saline (NaCl 0.9%) to 0.25% (2.5mg/ml). Apomorphine will be infused subcutaneously for 14 days.
Drugs that interfere with serotonin reuptake inhibition, including sertraline, increase the risk of bleeding events. Concomitant use of aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), other antiplatelet drugs, warfarin, and other anticoagulants may add to this risk. Case reports and epidemiological studies (case-control and cohort design) have demonstrated an association between use of drugs that interfere with serotonin reuptake and the occurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding. Based on data from the published observational studies, exposure to SSRIs, particularly in the month before delivery, has been associated with a less than 2-fold increase in the risk of postpartum hemorrhage [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)]. Bleeding events related to drugs that interfere with serotonin reuptake have ranged from ecchymosis, hematoma, epistaxis, and petechiae to life-threatening hemorrhages.

Inform patients of the increased risk of bleeding associated with the concomitant use of sertraline and antiplatelet agents or anticoagulants. For patients taking warfarin, carefully monitor the international normalized ratio.
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) encompass a heterogeneous set of acquired bone marrow neoplastic disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis within one or more bone marrow lineages. Nearly half of MDS patients carry cytogenetic alterations, with del(5q) being the most prevalent. Since its first description, del(5q) was consistently correlated with a typical clinical phenotype marked by anemia, thrombocytosis, and a low risk of evolving into acute leukemia. Presently, the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of myeloid neoplasms recognizes a specific subtype of MDS known as "myelodysplastic neoplasm with low blast and isolated del(5q)" identified by the sole presence of 5q deletion or in combination with one other abnormality excluding -7/del(7q). Several studies have sought to unravel the biological processes triggered by del(5q) in the development of MDS, revealing the involvement of various genes localized in specific regions of chromosome 5 referred to as common deleted regions (CDR). This intricate biological landscape makes the MDS cells with del(5q) exceptionally sensitive to lenalidomide. Several studies have confirmed the efficacy of lenalidomide in this context. Regrettably, the response to lenalidomide is not conclusive, prompting ongoing research into biological mechanisms that drive patients toward leukemia and strategies to circumvent lenalidomide resistance and disease progression.
The drugs trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole (TMP / SMX) and pentamidine, usually used to treat PCP in AIDS patients, have proven ineffective in many patients and have had to be discontinued in many other patients because of severe side effects. TMTX was chosen for this trial because it was found to be very active against the PCP organism in laboratory tests and, in a preliminary trial in combination with LCV, there was a high response rate without severe toxicity.

AMENDED: 08/01/90. As of August 31, 1989, 437 patients were enrolled into uncontrolled studies of trimetrexate for PCP: 214 in TX 301/ACTG 039 (trimetrexate for patients intolerant of approved therapies) and 223 in NS 401 (trimetrexate for patients refractory to approved therapies). The analysis of overall response rate, stringently defined as having received at least 14 days of trimetrexate and being alive at follow-up 1 month after the completion of therapy, reveals 84/159 intolerant patients and 48/160 refractory patients had responded, for rates of 53 percent and 30 percent, respectively. These response rates include all individuals who received at least one dose of trimetrexate. Of the 111 patients who were ventilator-dependent at study entry, 18 completed a course of therapy and were alive a month later, for a response rate of 16 percent. All other ventilated patients died. The most common severe (grades 3 and 4) toxicities were: transaminase elevation (\> 5 x normal) in 94 patients, anemia (\< 7.9 g/dl) in 109, neutropenia (\< 750 cells/mm3) in 58, fever (\> 40 C) in 37, and thrombocytopenia (\< 50000 platelets/mm3) in 27.

Toxicity required discontinuation of therapy in approximately 5 percent of all patients. Original design: Patients entered in the study are given TMTX once a day for 21 days and LCV 4 times a day (every 6 hours) for 24 days. Doses are determined by body size. Both drugs are given by intravenous infusion, but LCV may be given orally after the first 10 days. Doses are adjusted if side effects, such as low white blood cell count, are too severe. During the 21-day trial, zidovudine (AZT) may not be used, because of possible increased bone marrow toxicity. AZT may be resumed as soon as the administration of TMTX and LCV has been completed. After treatment with TMTX, the patient may be treated with other drugs to prevent the recurrence of PCP at the discretion of his/her physician.
The timing of food intake and caloric distribution across the 24hr day are emerging as contributing factors to weight gain. The idea that not only what you eat, but when you eat can contribute to weight gain has garnered interest from both the scientific community and the public. In fact, the distribution of caloric intake over the 24hr day has been recently recognized as a potential source of "circadian misalignment" which can result in adverse health outcomes, including overeating, impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Moreover, reward driven eating (eating for the pleasurable aspect instead of energy need) generally results in caloric intake well in excess of energy requirements and is recognized as a major culprit in the epidemic of obesity. The endocannabinoid (eCB) system is involved in both homeostatic processes (energy need only) that govern food intake, and has been shown to play a key role in reward eating. Thus, the role of circadian organization of the eCB system and how misalignment may contribute to overeating, overweight, obesity, and diabetes is the main focus of this study. The overall goal is to determine whether the timing of food intake is a major determinant of the 24 hour variation in eCB activity that in turn affects hunger and appetite, glucose metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. This study will focus on overweight individuals who are at high risk of obesity but are still on a trajectory that can potentially be reversed by lifestyle changes. Following a careful assessment of the subject's habitual sleep and meal timing and caloric distribution under real life conditions, a short laboratory study will determine whether participants who consume more of their daily calories later in the day (later dietary chronotype) display delays in the eCB rhythm and lower insulin sensitivity. During a 6-day in patient intervention, combining laboratory and ambulatory procedures, study procedures will assess the effect of experimentally changing caloric distribution across the day, advancing versus delaying the dietary chronotype. The outcome measures will be the timing of the daily peak of the eCB rhythm and insulin sensitivity. Identification of circadian misalignment of the eCB system as a mediator of increased food intake and reduced insulin sensitivity may help develop novel preventive strategies.
Progressive loss of lung function due to chronic infection and inflammation is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with CF. Current therapies directed at treatment of chronic P. aeruginosa infection (e.g. aerosolized tobramycin, azithromycin) provide short-term improvement in pulmonary function; however, persistence of the infection/inflammation causes the inevitable loss of lung function. PPARgamma is a nuclear transcription factor which is known to reduce activation of NFKB, a central mediator of airway inflammation in CF. Recent studies demonstrate that PPARgamma expression is reduced in patients with CF and may offer a potential therapeutic target to combat airway inflammation in CF. Pioglitazone is a thiazolidinedione whose principal pharmacological target it PPARgamma. The purpose of this pilot study is to determine the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of pioglitazone and effect on reducing airway inflammation in cystic fibrosis.
The use of continuous glucose monitors (CGM) in the outpatient setting has dramatically increased as these devices continue to improve in both ease of use, accessibility, and accuracy. Federal Drug Administration (FDA) clearance of certain devices has now been granted in both pregnancy and automated insulin delivery systems. As the world has embraced the safety and efficacy of continuous glucose monitors in the outpatient setting, health systems have turned attention to the potential of utilizing these devices to improve glycemic control in the hospital setting. With the announcement of the FDA granting enforcement discretion regarding the use of CGM technology in the hospital setting during the COVID-19 pandemic, the result was an abundance of research evaluating the potential of CGM longevity in the hospital setting.

The Standards of Care in Diabetes: 2023 reported that "preliminary data suggests that CGM can significantly improve glycemic management and other hospital outcomes." Additionally, a systematic review of 32 studies evaluated the accuracy of CGM in the intensive care unit, with a consensus of moderate to good accuracy. CGM in the hospital setting could provide a valuable tool in reducing hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and increasing time spent in normoglycemia. Other potential benefits of CGM include a broader view of glucose patterns, capture of asymptomatic hypoglycemia, reduced length of stay, and decreased cost. The Diabetes Technology Society organized the Hospital Consensus Guideline Panel in 2020, with the final report including the recommendation for additional research on the accuracy, data management, and patient-centered outcomes of CGM use in the inpatient setting.
The effectiveness of dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release capsules was established in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study in 103 pediatric patients (ages 6 to 12, n=86; ages 13 to 17, n=17) who met DSM-IV criteria for ADHD. Patients were randomized to receive either a flexible dose of dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release capsules (5 to 30 mg/day) or placebo once daily for 7 weeks. During the first 5 weeks of treatment patients were titrated to their optimal dose and in the last 2 weeks of the study patients remained on their optimal dose without dose changes or interruption.

Signs and symptoms of ADHD were evaluated by comparing the mean change from baseline to endpoint for dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release capsules – and placebo-treated patients using an intent-to-treat analysis of the primary efficacy outcome measure, the DSM-IV total subscale score of the Conners ADHD/DSM-IV Scales for teachers (CADS-T).

There was a statistically significant treatment effect in favor of dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release capsules. There were insufficient adolescents enrolled in this study to assess the efficacy for dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release capsules in the adolescent population. However, pharmacokinetic considerations and evidence of effectiveness of immediate-release dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride in adolescents support the effectiveness of dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release capsules in this population.

In 2 additional studies in pediatric patients aged 6-12 years who received 20 mg dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release capsules or placebo in a cross-over design, dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release capsules were found to have a statistically significant treatment effect versus placebo on the Swanson, Kotkin, Agler, M-Flynn & Pelham (SKAMP) rating scale combined score at all time points after dosing in each study (0.5, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, and 12 hours in one study and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 hours in the other study). A treatment effect was also observed 0.5 hours after administration of dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release capsules 20 mg in an additional study of ADHD patients aged 6-12 years. The SKAMP is a reliable and validated scale that assesses specific classroom behaviors related to attention (e.g., getting started, sticking with activities, completing work, and stopping for transition) and deportment or behavior (e.g., remaining quiet, remaining seated, interacting with other students, and interacting with the teacher.) Each item is rated on a 7-point impairment scale, and an average rating per item is calculated for the subscales of Attention and Deportment.
Traditional hip protectors are specialised pads designed to shield the greater trochanter on (fall) impact. They have uncertain benefits in reducing hip fracture risk and have very poor uptake due to discomfort. Recently, airbag technology has allowed radical change in design and wearability of hip protectors. Despite these airbags being commercially available, there is little evidence of their acceptability/wearability, and as with all hip protectors, virtually no research exists in community-dwelling people. A study of traditional hip protectors found that they may reduce fear of falling (FoF) in community dwellers but activity levels or quality of life were not assessed. A non-randomised study is ongoing of hip airbags on fractures in nursing homes, but none in community dwellers. Two Hip Protectors available in Europe are CE marked as personal protective equipment and approved for sale. There is a need to evaluate their acceptability and usefulness before considering larger clinical trials evaluating their efficacy in preventing hip fractures. This study will evaluate the two hip protectors and gain patient feedback in their use.
Patients receive 200 mg pembrolizumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1. Courses repeat Q3W for at least 2 years in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo 5 SRS fractions between days 2-15 of course 1.
Participants with previously untreated human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) are non-randomized and will receive atezolizumab, bevacizumab, and FOLFOX (oxaliplatin, leucovorin, and 5-fluorouracil \[FU\]), every 2 weeks (q2w), each cycle of 28 days, as long as participants are experiencing clinical benefit in the opinion of the investigator. Oxaliplatin will be administered for up to 8 cycles. After 6 months, at discretion of investigator, capecitabine may be administered as maintenance therapy without oxaliplatin instead of infusional 5-FU and leucovorin, and biologic therapy may be given every 3 weeks (q3w). In the event that a patient experiences unacceptable toxicity after replacement of infusional 5-FU and leucovorin with capecitabine, the patient may be allowed to switch back to 5-FU and leucovorin following investigator discussion with the Medical Monitor.
BACKGROUND: The trauma mortality rate is higher in the elderly compared with younger patients. Ageing is associated with physiological changes in multiple systems and correlated with frailty. Frailty is a risk factor for mortality in elderly trauma patients. We aim to provide evidence-based guidelines for the management of geriatric trauma patients to improve it and reduce futile procedures.
METHODS: Six working groups of expert acute care and trauma surgeons reviewed extensively the literature according to the topic and the PICO question assigned. Statements and recommendations were assessed according to the GRADE methodology and approved by a consensus of experts in the field at the 10th international congress of the WSES in 2023.
RESULTS: The management of elderly trauma patients requires knowledge of ageing physiology, a focused triage, including drug history, frailty assessment, nutritional status, and early activation of trauma protocol to improve outcomes. Acute trauma pain in the elderly has to be managed in a multimodal analgesic approach, to avoid side effects of opioid use. Antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended in penetrating (abdominal, thoracic) trauma, in severely burned and in open fractures elderly patients to decrease septic complications. Antibiotics are not recommended in blunt trauma in the absence of signs of sepsis and septic shock. Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis with LMWH or UFH should be administrated as soon as possible in high and moderate-risk elderly trauma patients according to the renal function, weight of the patient and bleeding risk. A palliative care team should be involved as soon as possible to discuss the end of life in a multidisciplinary approach considering the patient's directives, family feelings and representatives' desires, and all decisions should be shared.
CONCLUSIONS: The management of elderly trauma patients requires knowledge of ageing physiology, a focused triage based on assessing frailty and early activation of trauma protocol to improve outcomes. Geriatric Intensive Care Units are needed to care for elderly and frail trauma patients in a multidisciplinary approach to decrease mortality and improve outcomes.