anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Recent longitudinal PET imaging studies have established methods to estimate the age at which amyloid becomes abnormal at the level of the individual. Here we recontextualized amyloid levels into the temporal domain to better understand the downstream Alzheimer's disease processes of tau neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) accumulation and cognitive decline. This cohort study included a total of 601 individuals from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention and Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center that underwent amyloid and tau PET, longitudinal neuropsychological assessments and met clinical criteria for three clinical diagnosis groups: cognitively unimpaired (n = 537); mild cognitive impairment (n = 48); or dementia (n = 16). Cortical 11C-Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) distribution volume ratio (DVR) and sampled iterative local approximation were used to estimate amyloid positive (A+; global PiB DVR > 1.16 equivalent to 17.1 centiloids) onset age and years of A+ duration at tau PET (i.e. amyloid chronicity). Tau PET burden was quantified using 18F-MK-6240 standardized uptake value ratios (70-90 min, inferior cerebellar grey matter reference region). Whole-brain and region-specific approaches were used to examine tau PET binding along the amyloid timeline and across the Alzheimer's disease clinical continuum. Voxel-wise 18F-MK-6240 analyses revealed that with each decade of A+, the spatial extent of measurable tau spread (i.e. progressed) from regions associated with early to late NFT tau stages. Regional analyses indicated that tau burden in the entorhinal cortex was detectable, on average, within 10 years of A+ onset. Additionally, the entorhinal cortex was the region most sensitive to early amyloid pathology and clinical impairment in this predominantly preclinical sample. Among initially cognitively unimpaired (n = 472) individuals with longitudinal cognitive follow-up, mixed effects models showed significant linear and non-linear interactions of A+ duration and entorhinal tau on cognitive decline, suggesting a synergistic effect whereby greater A+ duration, together with a higher entorhinal tau burden, increases the likelihood of cognitive decline beyond their separable effects. Overall, the amyloid time framework enabled a spatiotemporal characterization of tau deposition patterns across the Alzheimer's disease continuum. This approach, which examined cross-sectional tau PET data along the amyloid timeline to make longitudinal disease course inferences, demonstrated that A+ duration explains a considerable amount of variability in the magnitude and topography of tau spread, which largely recapitulated NFT staging observed in human neuropathological studies. By anchoring disease progression to the onset of amyloid, this study provides a temporal disease context, which may help inform disease prognosis and timing windows for anti-amyloid therapies.
The study addresses the challenge of treating secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, focusing on the cost-effectiveness of surgical versus pharmacological interventions. Conducting a retrospective analysis on 152 CKD patients with SHPT at the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, the study matched 80 patients into two groups: 40 undergoing parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation (PTX + AT) and 40 treated with calcimimetics. PTX + AT was more effective in alleviating symptoms, particularly bodily pain, and demonstrated greater cost-effectiveness over a long-term period compared to calcimimetics. This was especially significant in patients with PTH levels > 1800 pg/mL and hyperphosphatemia. Despite similar initial costs, PTX + AT led to a substantial decrease in expenses during the 2-5 years post-treatment period, PTX + AT results in an ICER of -RMB 26.71/QALY for the first post-treatment year and -RMB-111.9k/QALY for the 2-5 year period, indicating cost-effectiveness with reduced long-term costs. The study also found an increased economic burden in managing patients with hyperphosphatemia. Surgical intervention (PTX + AT) is advocated as the primary treatment strategy for severe SHPT in CKD patients, owing to its long-term economic and clinical advantages. The results underscore the need for a severity-based approach in treating SHPT.
After the synopsis is approved, Randomized Control Trial study will be performed at Riphah International University Faisalabad. The patients will be enrolled using a targeted sampling method. Patients would be chosen based on pre-established inclusion and exclusion requirements. For this analysis, a sample size estimate shows that 30 randomly selected male or females (18 yrs - 65 yrs) who match the selection criteria will be needed. A basic random sample of 30 lumbar radiculopathy patients was used in an experimental trial. They were divided into three groups of ten people: Group A received neural mobilization with conventional therapy, Group B received mulligan's bent leg rise with conventional therapy, and Group C received mulligan's traction Straight Leg Raise with conventional therapy for six months. Numeric Pain Rating Scale, passive Straight Leg Raise, Goniometer, and modified Oswestry low back pain Questionnaire will be used as outcome tests. After the sixth week, the pre-treatment and post-treatment results will be compared. Each patient will be asked to give their informed consent. Statistical Package of Social Sciences Version 20 can be used for data entry and analysis.
PURPOSE: A processed ginseng extract is provided to manufacture a pharmaceutical composition and a health food composition with enhanced content of ginsenoside Rg5 and Rk1. CONSTITUTION: A processed Panax ginseng sp. plant extract is prepared by Maillard browning reaction of a Panax ginseng sp. plant extract with one or more amino acids selected among leucine, glutamine, lysine, and arginine at 100-130°C for 0.5-12 hours. A pharmaceutical composition for alleviating side effects of an anticancer agent, for improving antioxidation, anticancer, or anti-inflammatory effect, brain function, or cognitive function, for suppressing platelet aggregation, or treating dermatitis or psoriasis containing the processed Panax ginseng sp. plant extract.
Therapeutic cancer vaccines, especially DC-based vaccines, are extensively pursued immune approaches in addition to immune checkpoint blockade antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor T cells. DCs can engulf, process and present tumor antigens to T cells, thereby initiating a potent and tumor-specific immune response. However, clinical outcomes of therapeutic cancer vaccines still remain poor, with objective response rates that rarely exceed \~15%. The maturation and activation of DCs are necessary steps to trigger the antitumor responses. However, it is increasingly clear that tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (TIDCs) usually have an immature or tolerated phenotype that plays central roles in developing tumor microenvironment (TME). As a consequence, malfunction of TIDCs could suppress the infiltration and function of tumor infiltrating T cells and convert them into immune suppressive regulatory T cells.

In our previous research, we constructed novel CAR-DCs (Chimeric antigen receptor engineered dendritic cells) containing a scFv domain targeting EphA2 antigen, CD8a transmembrane, tandem DC-specific activation domains. The engineered CAR-DCs were activated when contacting with tumor targets in TME, and consequently, augmented the cytotoxicity of antigen specific T cells in immune system humanized solid tumor mouse models. Our design of CAR-DCs provides an effective vaccine strategy for malignant tumors. Therefore, we designed an autologous CAR-DC vaccine engineered with anti-EphA2 CAR and TP53 mutant peptide (TP53-EphA-2-CAR-DC), which can suppress the growth of tumors expressing the correlated TP53 mutant in animal models. In addition, the combination of the immune checkpoint inhibitors could further reverse immunosuppressive TME and globally activate T cell responses. In this pilot study, we aim to assess the safety, efficacy and immune response of TP53-EphA-2-CAR-DC combined with anti-PD-1 antibody/anti-CTLA4 antibody in patients with local advanced/metastatic solid tumors or R/R lymphomas.
FIELD: medicine, urology, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agent used for treatment of patients with diseases of urogenital system. Agent is made as tableted formula that includes core covered by envelope. Core has the following components: dry extract consisting of Saint-John's-wort herb, Canadian goldenrod herb, licorice roots and purple coneflower rhizomes with roots taken in equal amounts and lactose, potato starch and accessory substances also taken in the definite ratio. Envelope has low-molecular polyvinylpyrrolidone, refined sugar, aerosil, medicinal talc, titanium dioxide, magnesium carbonate, sunflower oil, bee wax and acid red tropeolin. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of agent. 1 cl
336,470. Schering-Kahlbaum Akt.- Ges. Dec. 6, 1928, [Convention, date]. Hormones.-In the purification of crude hormone preparations obtained from body liquids, organs, or vegetable substances such as yeast, maize shoots, &c. impurities of an ester-like nature are saponified by means of Twitchell reagent, Dartring saponifier lipase of castor seed, pancreas lipase, or other catalytically-acting agent. In examples, the treatment of ovarial hormone from placenta, crude extract from maize shoots, and ovarial hormone from the urine of pregnant women is described. The saponified mixture is worked up by extracting with methyl alcohol, neutralizing the extract with alcoholic baxyta, and extracting the filtrate after concentration and taking up in water with ether. The hormone is obtained by evaporating the ethereal solution.
The present invention provides an improved class of dithiocarbamate complexes with increased tumor sphere activity. The present invention provides such novel compounds, as well as their medical use for the treatment of neoplastic diseases. The compounds of the invention are surprisingly effective, especially for tumor spheres, compared to the dithiocarbamates of the prior art. Another aspect of the invention described herein provides a diagnostic assay for tumors with increased sensitivity to treatment with the dithiocarbamates of the invention. This aspect of the invention suggests the determination of components of the thioredoxin 1 (TRX 1)/thioredoxin reductase 1 (TRXR 1) system as indicators of treatment responders. In aspects of the invention, the dithiocarbamate compounds of the invention are identified as competitive TRXR1 binding agents, and therefore, the amount of TRX1 in a tumor is an important factor in the success of treatment.
This invention provides two novel herbal compositions. The first herbal composition contains Radix Clematidis, Radix Angelicae Pubescentis, Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii, Radix Saposhnikoviae, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae. The second herbal composition contains Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Cortex Eucommiae, and Radix Achyranthis Bidentataeas. It is preferred to mix the two herbal compositions together to achieve preventive and therapeutic effects on inflammatory and rheumatic arthritic diseases in human and livestock. The herbal compositions of the present invention can be used as a pharmaceutical composition, a dietary supplement or a feed. This invention also provides processes for making the herbal compositions.
The objective of this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled Phase II study is to determine whether a recombinant subunit vaccine comprised of cytomegalovirus (CMV) envelope glycoprotein B (gB) with MF59 adjuvant can prevent maternal CMV infection between pregnancies in a high risk population of women of childbearing age. This study will also permit determination of whether the approach used is a feasible one for a large scale efficacy trial with prevention of congenital CMV as the endpoint. CMV gB vaccine is comprised of a recombinant CMV envelope glycoprotein produced in a Chinese hamster ovary cell line. The CMV gB is combined with a novel adjuvant, MF59, a proprietary oil-in-water emulsion. Vaccines will be administered at 0, 1, and 6 months by intramuscular injection in the left deltoid. Placebo recipients will be given a normal saline solution. Study participants were recruited from postpartum wards and from the community. Potential participants were screened for antibody to CMV; those who were seronegative were invited to participate in the vaccine study. Participants received their initial immunization 1.5 to 12 months postpartum. A total of 464, seronegative women who were willing to participate and met enrollment inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomized to 1 of 2 groups: Group I participants received 20 micrograms of gB with MF59; Group II participants received placebo (normal saline). During the immunization period local and systemic reactogenicity was assessed by a 7-day diary card completed after each dose of vaccine. Adverse events are tabulated. Safety is assessed by comparing the local and systemic reactogenicity and adverse event rates between vaccine and placebo recipients. Study participants are screened for CMV infection every three months, beginning three months after the first dose of vaccine, using a CMV IgG antibody assay with preabsorption of sera with purified recombinant CMV gB (vaccine antigen). CMV infection will be confirmed by either isolation of virus or detection of CMV DNA in body fluids. After the 3 dose vaccine schedule has been completed, participants are followed every 3 months. The primary endpoint is the time to CMV infection. The rate of congenital CMV infection in offspring of immunized mothers is a secondary endpoint. The rate of congenital CMV infection will be compared between offspring of vaccine and placebo recipients. Each subject will be followed for 3 years from the third dose of vaccine. Specific information will be collected on the following pregnancy outcomes: pregnancy report, pregnancy follow-up, abnormal pregnancy outcome-mother, and abnormal pregnancy outcome-infant.
Described herein are encapsulation devices that include an inner layer, an outer layer, a cell containment layer positioned between the inner and outer layer, and structural elements disposed within the cell containment layer to separate the inner and outer layers by a separation distance. The structural elements define reservoir spaces for the retention of a biological moiety (such as cells) therein. The structural elements maintain a separation distance both under external compressive forces and under internal expansive forces, such as undergoing a geometric change in the encapsulation device or during crushing and subsequent expansion of the cell encapsulation device. In some embodiments, a reinforcing layer is positioned between the inner layer and the cell containment layer. In addition, the encapsulation device may include at least one configuration element. Methods of placing encapsulation devices in a body conduit intra-luminally, extra-luminally, and via an open surgical procedure are also disclosed.
Anifrolumab-fnia is a human IgG1κ monoclonal antibody that binds to subunit 1 of the type I interferon receptor (IFNAR) with high specificity and affinity. This binding inhibits type I IFN signaling, thereby blocking the biologic activity of type I IFNs. Anifrolumab-fnia also induces the internalization of IFNAR1, thereby reducing the levels of cell surface IFNAR1 available for receptor assembly. Blockade of receptor mediated type I IFN signaling inhibits IFN responsive gene expression as well as downstream inflammatory and immunological processes. Inhibition of type I IFN blocks plasma cell differentiation and normalizes peripheral T-cell subsets.

Type I IFNs play a role in the pathogenesis of SLE. Approximately 60-80% of adult patients with active SLE express elevated levels of type I IFN inducible genes.
BACKGROUND: Since many acutely admitted older adults display signs of dehydration, treatment using balanced crystalloids is an important part of medical care. Additionally, many of these patients suffer from chronic malnutrition. We speculated that the early addition of glucose might ameliorate the hospital-related drop of caloric intake and modify their catabolic status.
METHODS: We included patients 78 years and older, admitted acutely for non-traumatic illnesses. The patients were randomized into either receiving balanced crystalloid (PlasmaLyte; group P) or balanced crystalloid enriched with 100 g of glucose per liter (group G). The information about fluid balance and levels of minerals were collected longitudinally.
RESULTS: In the G group, a significantly higher proportion of patients developed signs of refeeding syndrome, i.e., drops in phosphates, potassium and/or magnesium when compared to group P (83.3 vs. 16.7%, p < 0.01). The drop in phosphate levels was the most pronounced. The urinalysis showed no differences in the levels of these minerals in the urine, suggesting their uptake into the cells. There were no differences in the in-hospital mortality or in the 1-year mortality.
CONCLUSION: The short-term administration of balanced crystalloids with glucose induced an anabolic shift of electrolytes in acutely admitted older adults.
Participants will be given 5 separate sessions, each approximating 30 minutes in duration, of mild to moderate intensity cardiovascular training on a stationary bicycle. Heartrate will be monitored periodically to make sure the intensity of exercise is consistent with mild to moderate exercise as in the Experimental group.
BACKGROUND: Postoperative intracranial complications are rare in spine surgery not including cranial procedures. We describe an uncommon case of pseudohypoxic brain swelling (PHBS) and secondary hydrocephalus after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) presenting as impaired consciousness and repeated seizures.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 65-year-old man underwent L4-5 TLIF for lumbar spondylolisthesis and began experiencing generalized seizures immediately postoperatively. Computed tomography (CT) revealed diffuse cerebral edema-like hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. He was transported to our hospital, at which time epidural drainage was halted and anti-edema therapy was commenced. His impaired consciousness improved. However, he suffered secondary hydrocephalus due to continuous bleeding from a dural defect and spinal epidural fluid collection 3 months later. Following the completion of dural repair and insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, his neurologic symptoms and neuroimaging findings improved significantly.
CONCLUSIONS: PHBS can be considered in patients with unexpected neurological deterioration following lumbar spine surgery even with the absence of documented durotomy. This might be due to postoperative intracranial hypotension-associated venous congestion, and to be distinguished from the more common postoperative cerebral ischemic events-caused by arterial or venous occlusions-or anesthetics complications.
The present study was conducted as a randomized controlled experimental study to investigate the effect of watching musical cartoons on anxiety and vital signs in children undergoing rectal irrigation. Does watching musical cartoons during rectal irrigation have an effect on children anxiety and vital signs? The answer to the question has been sought.The study sample consisted of 40 children aged 4-10 years who met the inclusion criteria and whose parents provided written and verbal consent for their participation in the study after being informed at the Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology Department of a public hospital affiliated to the Provincial Health Directorate of the Ministry of Health in Istanbul. Because of the high power requirement and the potential for loss to follow-up, the study was conducted with a total of 40 children, 20 assigned to the experimental group and 20 to the control group, who met the eligibility criteria and consented to participate. The children were randomly assigned to the control or experimental group. Children enrolled in the study were assigned to the experimental or control group using the https://www.calculatorsoup.com. Data Collection Form, Child Anxiety Scale-Stateness, and Vital Signs Evaluation Form were used as data collection tools.After obtaining institutional approval and written consent from parents after informing them and their children, data were collected by the investigators through a face-to-face interview that took approximately 11-20 minutes per child. The intervention to be applied to the experimental group was carried out by the investigator after informing the children and parents and obtaining their written consent.
A method of fusing a first bone and a second bone. An abrading and harvesting device is provided that includes a needle portion having a sharpened tip. The needle portion has a central bore extending therethrough. The needle portion has a proximal end and a distal end. The sharpened tip is attached to the distal end of the needle portion. A probe is provided having an unsharpened tip portion. The probe is extended between the first bone and the second bone. The needle portion is extended over the probe by passing the proximal end of the probe through the central bore. The first bone and the second bone are abraded with the sharpened tip to cause bleeding bone to be exposed on the first bone and the second bone. A device is placed along a path formed by the needle portion between the first bone and the second bone.
Nerve regeneration devices are provided with improved rates of axonal regeneration, and methods for their manufacture are also disclosed. The devices are formed from a biocompatible, absorbable polymer, known as poly-4hydroxybutyrate. Growth factors, drugs, or cells that improve nerve regeneration may be incorporated into the devices. The devices are administered by implantation preferably without the use of sutures. In one aspect, the device is in the form of a wrap that can be used easily to capture the severed nerve bundle ends during surgery, and formed into a conduit in situ. If desired, the edges of the wrap can be melted together to seal the conduit, and hold it in place A major advantage of the device is that it does not need to be removed after use since it is slowly degraded and cleared by the patient's body, yet remains functional in situ beyond the time required for nerve regeneration, and helps exclude scar tissue. The device also degrades in a cell-friendly manner, and does not release highly acidic or inflammatory metabolites. Furthermore, the device is flexible, strong, does not crush the regenerating nerve, is easy to handle, reduces surgical time by eliminating the need to harvest an autologous graft, and allows the surgeon to repair the nerve without a prolonged delay.