anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
In controlled clinical trials involving adults with asthma, the onset of improvement in pulmonary function was within 15 minutes, as determined by both MMEF (maximum midexpiratory flow rate) and FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in one second). MMEF measurements also showed that near maximum improvement in pulmonary function generally occurs within 60 to 90 minutes following two inhalations of albuterol and that clinically significant improvement generally continues for three to four hours in most patients. Some patients showed a therapeutic response (defined by maintaining FEV1 values 15% or more above baseline) that was still apparent at 6 hours. Continued effectiveness of albuterol was demonstrated over a 13-week period in these same trials.

In controlled clinical trials involving children 4 to 12 years of age, FEV1 measurements showed that maximum improvement in pulmonary function occurs within 30 to 60 minutes. The onset of clinically significant (≥15%) improvement in FEV1 was observed as soon as five minutes following 180 mcg of albuterol in 18 of 30 (60%) children in a controlled dose-ranging study. Clinically significant improvement in FEV1 continued in the majority of patients for two hours and in 33% to 47% for four hours among 56 patients receiving inhalation aerosol in one pediatric study. In a second study among 48 patients receiving inhalation aerosol, clinically significant improvement continued in the majority for up to one hour and in 23% to 40% for four hours. In addition, at least 50% of the patients in both studies achieved an improvement in FEF25%–75% (forced expiratory flow rate between 25% and 75% of the forced vital capacity) of at least 20% for 2 to 5 hours. Continued effectiveness of albuterol was demonstrated over the 12-week study period.

In other clinical studies in adults and children, two inhalations of albuterol aerosol taken approximately 15 minutes before exercise prevented exercise-induced bronchospasm, as demonstrated by the maintenance of FEV1 within 80% of baseline values in the majority of patients. One study in adults also evaluated the duration of the prophylactic effect to repeated exercise challenges, which was evident at 4 hours in a majority of the patients and at 6 hours in approximately one third of the patients.
Lung aging triggers the onset of various chronic lung diseases, with alveolar repair being a key focus for alleviating pulmonary conditions. The regeneration of epithelial structures, particularly the differentiation from type II alveolar epithelial (AT2) cells to type I alveolar epithelial (AT1) cells, serves as a prominent indicator of alveolar repair. Nonetheless, the precise role of aging in impeding alveolar regeneration and its underlying mechanism remain to be fully elucidated. Our study employed histological methods to examine lung aging effects on structural integrity and pathology. Lung aging led to alveolar collapse, disrupted epithelial structures, and inflammation. Additionally, a relative quantification analysis revealed age-related decline in AT1 and AT2 cells, along with reduced proliferation and differentiation capacities of AT2 cells. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying AT2 cell functional decline, we employed transcriptomic techniques and revealed a correlation between inflammatory factors and genes regulating proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, a D-galactose-induced senescence model in A549 cells corroborated our omics experiments and confirmed inflammation-induced cell cycle arrest and a >30% reduction in proliferation/differentiation. Physiological aging-induced chronic inflammation impairs AT2 cell functions, hindering tissue repair and promoting lung disease progression. This study offers novel insights into chronic inflammation's impact on stem cell-mediated alveolar regeneration.
The invention relates to a drug combination used for treating rheumatoid arthritis, which is an agent made by the raw materials with the following weight proportions: 1-2 portions of monk shood and 1-3 portions of peony root. The invention also provides the preparation method and application of the drug combination. The drug effect of the invention is clear. The raw material utilizes the compatibility of the effective components of peony root and monk shood. For example, the effective components of monk shood are monk shood total alkaloid and monk shood polysaccharide while the effective components of the peony root are total paeony glycoside and peony root polysaccharide, then the raw material utilizes the compatibility of those effective components. In particular, the monks hood total alkaloid and the total paeony glycoside have certain anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect, but the compatibility of monk shood total alkaloids and total paeony glycoside have obvious effect, wherein, when the weight proportion is 2:3, 1:1, 2:1, the drug is anti-inflammatory and analgesic, has good effect in treating rheumatoid arthritis, has best drug efficient compatibility and strong quality controllability and provides a new choice for clinic.
Capsules of CAD-9303 will be administered as a single or multiple dose(s). The initial dose will be 3 mg up to 1000 mg total daily dose.
The FNIII13 domain of fibronectin and smaller fragments thereof have a tumour cell proliferation inhibitory effect. Compositions are provided comprising fragments of fibronectin having the FNIII 13 domain and fragments thereof. A system comprising cells exposed to fibronectin and caused to proliferate by the presence of tenascin are used as an in vitro method for screening possible anti-tumour agents. Cell-free systems comprising a fibronectin ligand and tenascin are also employed for screening potential anti-tumour or anti-cancer agents. Test compounds are assayed for the ability to disrupt binding of the fibronectin ligand to tenascin. A further cell-free system additionally includes a syndecan molecule.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new inexpensively usable anesthetic agent for fishes ensuring safety of meal even for humans and fishes and more easily usable than conventional anesthetic agents and to provide a method for using the same.  <P>SOLUTION: The anesthetic agent for the fishes is composed of sodium hydrogencarbonate, succinic acid and a solidification promoter as main raw materials and a solid carbon dioxide gas foaming agent prepared only from a raw material authorized as a food additive. The anesthetic agent is produced by mixing the sodium hydrogen carbonate with the succinic acid and solidification promoter, molding the resultant mixture and drying the molded product. Edible glycerol or anhydrous ethanol is preferably used as the solidification promoter. The anesthetic agent is preferably diluted in a dilution ratio defined according to the species of the fishes for use.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
A manual consisting of 8 movements learned over a period of 12 weeks will be used to teach participants in the Tai Chi condition. Classes will include around 5-6 subjects, each class lasting one hour, including a 10-minute warm-up and cool-down, and meet twice per week. Patients will be told to practice Tai Chi three times/week at home. After 12 weeks of training patients will be told to practice at home five times/week for 8 more weeks, until the 8-week follow-up visit. Subjects will be asked to rate their perceived exertion/work intensity during each session using the Borg's perceived exertion scale and asked to increase the size of their movements to reach 12-13 (moderate difficulty), which consistently matches with 65-70% of HR max.
PURPOSE:To obtain a triglyceride ester having antitumor action from poppy oil extracted from poppy seeds. CONSTITUTION:Poppy oil is extracted from poppy seeds and an equal amount of a saturated caustic potash solution is added thereto. The resultant mixture is stirred for 30min while being boiled. After cooling, concentrated sulfuric acid is added to boil the mixture for about 10min. The upper layer liquid is subsequently collected and sufficiently washed with a 5% aqueous hydrochloric acid and then sufficiently washed with a 10% sodium hydrogencarbonate solution. The washed upper layer liquid is subsequently collected, distilled, cooled and allowed to stand at 5 deg.C for 24hr. The resultant liquid is then dissolved in absolute alcohol to carry out refluxing cooling on a warm bath for 30min. The obtained solution is further repeatedly washed with absolute alcohol and fractionated to afford the aimed triglyceride ester having 878mol.wt. and molecular formula C57H98O6.
Local chemotherapy has become one of the alternative strategies in treatment of cancer as many side effects on organs in human body. Despite this, also local chemotherapy has adverse effects too. One of these cancers in which local chemotherapy is used and one of the most five prevalent cancers in Egyptian men and the 3rd highest incidence numbers for specific cancer cases in Egypt in 2020,also It represents the 3rd highest mortality number from cancer in Egypt by 19% of men's mortality is bladder cancer. It is divided according to the staging system into 2 main types: the non-muscle invasive (T1) and muscle invasive (T2).The most common method used to treat T1 baldder cancer are TURT followed by local intravesical immunotherapy (like Bacillus Calmette Guerin) and chemotherapy (Gemcitabine and Mitomycin C). These drugs systemically can cause side effects like urgency, frequency, low grade fever, malaise, effect on high proliferative tissues like bone marrow, skin, hair, and seminiferous tubules....etc. Some rare side effects are acute respiratory distress syndrome and hepatic toxicity. The effect of these drugs on seminiferous tubules is still a controversy as most of the research field is focusing on systemic use, also the lack of researches focusing on local intravesical use. It can cause infertility especially in young patients with cancer who seek fertility and they are not married or not having children. The problem of fertility and urogenital cancer is multifactorial and there is a gap of knowledge as low incidence number of bladder cancer in young patients and the lack of he studies focusing on fertility in cancer patients. This study is going to unmask the mystery of one of local immunotherapy and immunotherapy and there effect on semen and testicles.
Vitamin D has historically been associated with bone metabolism. However, over the years, a growing body of evidence has emerged indicating its involvement in various physiological processes that may influence the onset of numerous pathologies (cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, rheumatological diseases, fertility, cancer, diabetes, or a condition of fatigue). This narrative review investigates the current knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying fatigue and the ways in which vitamin D is implicated in these processes. Scientific studies in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were reviewed with a focus on factors that play a role in the genesis of fatigue, where the influence of vitamin D has been clearly demonstrated. The pathogenic factors of fatigue influenced by vitamin D are related to biochemical factors connected to oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. A role in the control of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin has also been demonstrated: an imbalance in the relationship between these two neurotransmitters is linked to the genesis of fatigue. Furthermore, vitamin D is implicated in the control of voltage-gated calcium and chloride channels. Although it has been demonstrated that hypovitaminosis D is associated with numerous pathological conditions, current data on the outcomes of correcting hypovitaminosis D are conflicting. This suggests that, despite the significant involvement of vitamin D in regulating mechanisms governing fatigue, other factors could also play a role.
Subjects will receive Nitrofurantoin 100mg capsules (Bottle A) once a day until they pass their voiding trial and no longer require transurethral catheterization. Subjects will be switched to Placebo capsules (Bottle B) once a day, starting the day after they pass their voiding trial until the end of the 28 day study period.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of long-term spinal and sacral programmable neurostimulation for pelvic organ dysfunction in patients with myelodysplasia and chronic dysfunction of the bladder and rectum.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study included 32 children aged 1-17 years (mean 10.7) with myelodysplasia, pelvic organ dysfunction and ineffective therapy including botulinum therapy and exclusion of tethered spinal cord syndrome. All children underwent comprehensive urodynamic examination with analysis of bladder and residual urine volume, mean flow rate, intravesical pressure and total urine volume, as well as electromyographic examination. Examination was carried out before surgery, after 6, 12 and 36 months. We applied urinary diary, NBSS questionnaire and urodynamic examination data. All patients underwent neurological examinations (neurological status, magnetic resonance imaging of the spinal cord, computed tomography and radiography of the spine, electroneuromyography). The study was conducted at the neurosurgical department of the Republican Children's Clinical Hospital in Ufa between 2014 and 2022. There were 32 implantations of epidural neurostimulators for pelvic organ dysfunctions.
RESULTS: Patients used epidural spinal and sacral stimulation up to 6 times a day for 10-15 min turning on the pulse generator. This method significantly increased urinary volume, decreased episodes of urinary leakage and fecal incontinence, residual volume after urination and number of periodic catheterizations compared to baseline data. Sixteen patients were very satisfied, 10 ones were moderately satisfied, and 2 patients were not satisfied with therapy. The number of bladder catheterizations per day decreased by 51.1%. Urine volume significantly increased from 131.5±16.1 to 236±16.7 ml, intravesical pressure decreased from 23.5±4.2 to 18.5±2.1 cm H2O (by 20.3%).
CONCLUSION: Chronic epidural spinal and sacral stimulation can improve the quality of life in patients with pelvic organ dysfunction. This technique may be effective for pelvic organ dysfunction caused by myelodysplasia.
Head trauma is frequently related to the misuse of drinking vessels as weapons. Forensic reports usually evaluate these blunt injuries as having occurred in scenarios where the alcohol intake is high. Fatal consequences are seen in blows with glass bottles aiming at the head. To prove the outcome that a glass bottle thrown to the head could cause, three intact human cadaver heads were impacted with 1-liter glass bottles at 9.5 m/s using a drop-tower. The impact location covered the left temporal bone, sphenoid bone, and zygomatic arch. The contact between the head and the bottle was produced at an angle of 90° with (1) the valve of the bottle, (2) the bottom of the bottle, and (3) with the head rotated 20° in the frontal plane touching again with the bottom of the bottle. The three bottles remained intact after the impact, and the injury outcomes were determined by computed tomography (CT). The alterations were highly dependent on the impact orientation. The outcome varied from no injury to severe bone fractures. In the most injurious case (#3), fractures were identified in the cranial base, sphenoid bone, and zygomatic bone. These testing conditions were selected to replicate one specific legal case, as required by the plaintiff. Physical disputes with bar glassware can lead to complex combinations of blunt and sharp-force injuries. Controlled biomechanical studies can benefit forensic analyses of violence involving glassware by providing a better understanding of the underlying injury mechanisms.
OBJECTIVES: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a major nosocomial infectious pathogen with rapidly increasing prevalence. The genomic epidemiological characteristics of CRKP nationwide, especially the evolving trends within the predominant clones, should be evaluated clearly.
METHODS: We collected 3415 K. pneumoniae strains from 28 hospitals across China. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and WGS were performed. Subsequent genomic analyses, including sequence typing, K-locus (KL) identification, antimicrobial resistance gene screening, and virulence score assessment were performed. The phylogenetic relationship of clonal group 11 was determined based on core-genome analysis, and the presence of the pLVPK-like virulence plasmid in ST11 isolates was confirmed using plasmid core-gene analysis. Additionally, the trends of the ST11 lineage with different KL types on a global scale were investigated using Beast2.
RESULTS: Of the K. pneumoniae strains, 708 were identified as CRKP isolates (20.7%), of which 97.7% were MDR. ST11 was the predominant clone, and KPC-2 was the prevalent carbapenemase in China, although the prevalence of specific clones and carbapenemases varied by geographic region. Among ST11 isolates, KL47 and KL64 were the predominant KL types, and KL64 gradually replaced KL47, with a higher percentage of KL64 isolates harbouring the pLVPK-like plasmid. Global genome data showed a significant increase in the effective population size of KL64 over the last 5 years.
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of CRKP was very high in certain regions in China. The increasing convergence of virulence and resistance, particularly in ST11-KL64 isolates, should be given more attention and further investigation.
FIELD: pharmaceutics.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to the treatment of alcohol dependence. The method for treating the subject of alcohol dependence includes the injection of an intranasal composition containing from 1% wt./vol. to 16% wt./vol. of naltrexone or its pharmacologically acceptable salt and from 0.05% wt./vol. to 2.5% wt./vol. of alkyl saccharide. A pharmaceutical composition for intranasal injection for the treatment of alcohol dependence and a multi-dose device are also disclosed.EFFECT: group of inventions provides for intensified absorption.66 cl, 7 tbl, 5 ex
3a ,21 - Dihydroxypregnane - 20 - one may be obtained by reduction of 21-hydroxypregnane - 3,20 - dione, prepared as in Specification, in basic methanol solution with NaBH (OCH3)3 in pyridine.  The product is purified by chromatography on an alumina column and eluted with a 1 to 1 mixture of chloroform and methyl alcohol, 3b ,21-hydroxypregnane-20-one may be obtained by reducing the acetate of 21hydroxypregnane - 3,20 - dione with Raney nickel in ethanol, saponifying purifying by chromatography on an alumina column and eluting with chloroform.  Specification 804,523 is referred to.ALSO:Compositions to be used as central nervous system depressants comprise 21-hydroxypregnane - 3,20 dione; 3a  - hydroxypregnane - 20-one; 3a , 21 - di - hydroxypregnane - 20 - one; 3b  - hydroxypregnane - 20 - one; or 3b ,21 - di-hydroxypregnane - 20 - one, either in aqueous suspension, preferably containing an emulsifying agent, and the particle size being less than 5 microns, or in solution in an injectable, water-miscible organic solvent such as ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerine or dimethylacetamide diluted into aqueous media containing a suitable emulsifying or dispersing agent.  Reference is made to oral administration by tablets containing an excipient such as starch or milk sugar and the active ingredient, an alcoholic solution, or a liquid carrier suspension and to rectal administration by suppository or by enema containing a suspension or oil solution of the ingredient.  The active ingredient may be used in conjunction with other agents such as nitrous oxide, ether, sodium pentothal and curare.  Specification 804,523, [Group IV (b)], is referred to.
PURPOSE: To explore whether varying degrees of vitreous haemorrhage (VH) and calcification act as risk factors for enucleation in patients with advanced retinoblastoma (RB).
METHODS: Advanced RB was defined by the international classification of RB (Philadelphia version). Basic information for retinoblastoma patients diagnosed as groups D and E in our hospital between January 2017 and June 2022 was reviewed by logistics regression models. Additionally, a correlation analysis was performed, excluding variables with a VIF (variance inflation factor) >10 from the multivariate analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 223 eyes diagnosed with RB were included in assessing VH and calcification; of these, 101 (45.3%) eyes experienced VH, and 182 (76.2%) eyes were found to have calcification within the tumour through computed tomography (CT) or B-scan ultrasonography. Ninety-two eyes (41.3%) were enucleated, of which 67 (72.8%) had VH and 68 (73.9%) calcification, both of which were significantly relevant to enucleation (p < 0.001*). Other clinical risk factors, such as corneal edema, anterior chamber haemorrhage, high intraocular pressure during treatment and iris neovascularization, correlated significantly with enucleation (p < 0.001*). Multivariate analysis included IIRC (intraocular international retinoblastoma classification), VH, calcification and high intraocular pressure during treatment as independent risk factors for enucleation.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite identifying different potential risk factors for RB, there remains significant controversy concerning which patients require enucleation, and the degree of VH varies. Such eyes need to be evaluated carefully, and management with appropriate adjuvant therapy may improve the outcome of these patients.
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) is a very painful disease that disrupts the patient's comfort of life. Arthrocentesis alone or in combination with intraarticular injections is highly effective in the treatment of TMJ-OA. It reduces pain, increases mouth opening, and improves jaw movements. In intra-articular injections, hyaluronic acid, platelet-rich plasma, corticosteroids, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) are used. Tenoxicam is an NSAID that is used systemically or locally in joint diseases such as acute or chronic inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. It has been reported that its long-lasting analgesic effect and anti-inflammatory effect are higher in intra-articular administration than in oral and intravenous administrations , to our knowledge, there has been no such study analysing the effectiveness of intra-articular application of tenoxicam in patients with TMJ-OA. The aim of the study is to examine the effectiveness of arthrocentesis plus tenoxicam injection and to compare it with arthrocentesis alone in patients with TMJ-OA.

Thirty patients with TMJ-OA who were treated randomly with either arthrocentesis plus tenoxicam injection (TX group) or arthrocentesis alone (control group) were examined. Maximum mouth opening (MMO), visual analog scale (VAS) pain values, and joint sounds were the outcome variables, which were evaluated at pre-treatment and at 1, 4, 12, and 24 weeks after treatment.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled pharmaceutical, containing sorbitol in a specific solution of a low electric conductivity, having a specific pH and capable of being intravenously administered. CONSTITUTION:A liquid composition obtained by containing sorbitol in a solution containing >=95% chemically unmodified gamma-globulin complete molecular type gamma-globulin, adjusted to a pH of 5.5+ or -0.2 and capable of being intravenously administered. The above-mentioned gamma-globulin may be in a natural state with a low anticomplementation value. gamma-Globulin prepared by acidifying particularly gamma-globulin for intramuscular injection and cutting off flocculates thereof is most efficient. Disaccharides (e.g. saccharose or maltose) and sugaralcohol (e.g. sorbitol or mannitol) are preferred as a stabilizer. The amount thereof used is preferably 0.5-5wt./vol.% disaccharides, sugaralcohol, etc., in a dry heat- treating method and >=10wt./vol.% disaccharides, sugaralcohol, etc., in a liquid heat-treating method.