anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
ABSTRACT Background: Furcation is the bifurcation or trifurcation of a multirooted tooth. It is an area of complex anatomic morphology difficult to debride by routine periodontal instrumentation. Multiple approaches have been used in an effort to treat the furcation Choukroun's platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), a second generation platelet concentrate has biochemical components which have well known synergetic effects on healing processes. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in the treatment of mandibular molar Grade 2 furcation defects in comparison to allograft and guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was designed as a randomized, prospective, parallel-arm, interventional clinical trial wherein 30 patients with periodontitis and grade II Mandibular furcation defects attending the Out Patient wing of the Department of Periodontics of a tertiary referral care hospital were equally divided into group A and group B. Patients in.Group A, were treated by the placement of PRF as a Graft and as a membrane at the surgical site , while in Group B, the defects were treated by the placement of Allograft and Healiguide collagen membrane. Plaque Index, Probing depth, Vertical clinical attachment level, Horizontal clinical attachment level, Gingival marginal level, and amount of bonefill using Radiovisiography were recorded at baseline and 9 months. Intra-group comparison of Mean scores between Group A and Group B was done using Paired t test and Inter-group comparison using independent sample t test. CONCLUSION Further studies evaluating the efficacy of PRF using a larger sample size should be performed to evaluate its true beneficial effects on long term basis in patients with mandibular molar Grade 2 furcation defects.
NEW MATERIAL:To compound of formula I [R1 is H or lower alkyl; R2 is lower alkyl; Y is phthalidyl or group of formula II (R3 is H or methyl; R4 is lower alkyl or lower alkoxy); excluding the case that R1 is methyl or ethyl, R2 is methyl and Y is pivaloyloxymethyl, or the case that R1, R2 and R3 are methyl and R4 is lower alkoxy] and its acid addition salt. EXAMPLE:7-[ 2-( 2-Aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido ]-3-methoxymethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid pivaloyloxymethyl ester. USE:A remedy for bacteriosis for oral administration. It can be absorbed easily through the digestive tracts, and gives high blood concentration of a carboxylic acid-type compound. PREPARATION:The compound of formula I can be prepared by condensing the compound of formula III with the compound of formula IV (R5 is NH2, etc.; R6 is OH, etc.), and removing the protecting group from the reaction product.
The evidence is overwhelming that sustained physical activity reduces risks for non-communicable diseases, increases longevity, and reduces medical costs. Yet, the rates of physical activity have been steadily decreasing such that physical inactivity is now the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. In Singapore, 33% of adults are insufficiently active despite Singapore being a highly walkable city with numerous subsidized community-based physical activity programs. A review of the literature shows that, to date, no study has directly compared cash versus hedonic rewards for health behavior change despite theory suggesting hedonic rewards may work better. Furthermore, hedonic rewards can often be purchased at lower cost than their cash equivalent. This makes hedonic rewards potentially more cost-effective if they are proven to be at least as effective at increasing positive behavior change compared to giving the same value in cash.

Thus, we aim to determine, using a randomized trial with two parallel arms, whether hedonic rewards (Arm 1) can be more effective than their cash equivalent (Arm 2) in promoting increases in physical activity, assessed via step counts measured by a Fitbit physical activity tracker, during a 4-calendar month intervention. We hypothesize that the average proportion of months meeting the incentivized step target across participants will be greater for those in the hedonic incentive arm as compared to those in the cash incentive arm (primary outcome).
Teratogenic Effects

There are no studies on the placental transfer or teratogenicity of the combined products of ergotamine tartrate and caffeine. Caffeine is known to cross the placenta and has been shown to be teratogenic in animals. Ergotamine crosses the placenta in small amounts, although it does not appear to be embryotoxic in this quantity. However, prolonged vasoconstriction of the uterine vessels and/or increased myometrial tone leading to reduced myometrial and placental blood flow may have contributed to fetal growth retardation observed in animals. (See CONTRAINDICATIONS)

Nonteratogenic Effects

Ergotamine tartrate and caffeine is contraindicated in pregnancy due to the oxytocic effects of ergotamine. (See CONTRAINDICATIONS)
PURPOSE:To provide a cosmetic containing a compound selected from humic acid, nitrohumic acid and their water-soluble salt, and having both moisturizing effect and UV-absorbing effect. CONSTITUTION:A cosmetic containing 0.01-10wt% one or more compounds selected from humic acid, nitrohumic acid and their water-soluble salt (e.g. Na salt). The cosmetic exhibits moisturizing effect and UV-absorbing effect at the same time by the addition of the above natural raw material. Humic acid is a plant-originated organic acid prepared by extracting natural soil, turf, peat, etc. with water or alkaline aqueous solution, and has a molecular weight of several hundred - several millions. Nitrohumic acid can be prepared by carrying out the extraction in the presence of nitric acid, thereby extracting under oxidization with nitric acid.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled polysaccharide substance having action of activating human immunological systems, by extracting prunes with water or hot water, ultrafiltering the extracted solution, adding a lower alcohol to the internal ultrafiltrate and collecting the aimed purified precipitates. CONSTITUTION:Prunes are extracted with water or hot water and the resultant extracted solution is ultrafiltered to give an internal ultrafiltrate. A lower alcohol, e.g. methanol, is then added thereto to form precipitates, which are filtered to collect the precipitated and purified substance. The ultrafiltration is carried out using an ultrafiltration membrane having about 10,000-200,000 fractionation molecular weight under pressure by a conventional method. Since the collected prune polysaccharide substance has action of enhancing interferon productivity as well as NK activity to activate human immunological systems, the substance has high usefulness as a substance capable of preventing the outbreak of infectious viral diseases or tumors.
A fluorine containing polymer or copolymer for dental purposes is made by adding a copolymer of vinyl fluoride and perfluoropropene to methacrylic acid methyl ester or acrylic acid ethyl ester.  Powdered polymethacrylic acid methyl ester in pearl form mixed with benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide or chlorobenzoyl peroxide, or benzoyl peroxide together with cumolhydroperoxide are also added. Polymerization is carried out at a raised temperature or room temperature.ALSO:Dental prostheses, tooth fillings, maxillary orthopaedic devices and materials for linings and repairs are made of fluorine-containing polymers and copolymers.  A copolymer of vinyl fluoride and perfluoropropene dissolved in methacrylic acid methyl ester is made into a paste with powdered polymethacrylic acid methyl ester in pearl form into which benzoyl peroxide and lauryl peroxide are mixed.  The paste is moulded into a dental plate and polymerized. The fluorine-containing copolymer mixed with acrylic acid ethyl ester, benzoyl peroxide and cumol hydroperoxide may be rolled into plates which are stored in metal foil.  When desired the material is mixed with powdered polymer paste and polymerized.  The fluorine polymers and copolymers which may alternatively be used in a quantity up to 75% by weight of the resulting composition are polymers or copolymers of fluoro-olefines such as perfluorobutadiene, fluorized phenyl ethylene or fluorized vinyl and acrylic compounds.  The fluorine-containing copolymers are used with vinyl and/or acrylic compounds including acrylic nitrile, vinyl ester, vinyl ether and allyl compounds which may be added before or during polymerization.
The chronic nasosinusitis is a disease with nasal obstruction, pus snot flowing, dizziness, headaches and hyposmia as major expressions. The disease course is long and can be several years to tens of years, and the chronic nasosinusitis can repeatedly attack patients, prolong a long time and be difficult to heal. The chronic nasosinusitis is mostly caused by infections of bacteria in the paranasal sinus, and the pathogenic bacteria are mainly bacillus influenzas and streptococci. The chronic nasosinusitis is also called as sinusitis, the number of the patients suffering from the chronic nasosinusitis is large and is almost a half of that of rhinopathy patients, and most of the patients suffering from rhinopathy are suffering from chronic maxillary sinusitis. If lesions are caused on polyparanasal sinus on one side or the two sides, the patients are suffering from the polysinusitis or pansinusitis, and the chronic nasosinusitis generally occurs secondary to acute nasosinusitis. The chronic nasosinusitis has a close relation to paranasal sinus drainage blocking, weak human body resistance or strong germs, most of the patients do not have obvious constitutional symptoms, the patients generally have the symptoms of dizziness, doldrums, memory deterioration and the like and being easy to fatigue, the most common symptoms are nasal obstruction, pus flowing, snot flowing, poor smell and the like, and then the chronic nasosinusitis can be divided into the lung-cold type and the spleen-weak type. In the modern western medicine, except for puncturing, washing and operative treatments, no ideal treatment measure exists, and many chronic nasosinusitis patients cannot dare to be treated.
It is recommended that treatment starts with TAZORAC Gel, 0.05%, with strength increased to 0.1% if tolerated and medically indicated. Apply a thin film (2 mg/cm2) of TAZORAC Gel once per day, in the evening, to cover only the psoriatic lesions on no more than 20% of body surface area. If a bath or shower is taken prior to application, the skin should be dry before applying the gel. If emollients are used, they should be applied at least an hour before application of TAZORAC Gel. Because unaffected skin may be more susceptible to irritation, application of tazarotene to these areas should be carefully avoided. TAZORAC Gel was investigated for up to 12 months during clinical trials for psoriasis.
All the patients meeting the study criteria will be randomized into two groups. After standardized induction to general anesthesia all patients will be given the infusion of hyperosmotic NaCl 5 ml/kg/BW during 30 min, group A 1.5% NaCl, group B 3% NaCl. Corticosteroids will be administered as usually. After dura opening the brain relaxation score will be assessed by surgeon (1 = completely relaxed, 2 = satisfactorily relaxed, 3 = firm brain, 4 = bulging brain), and the first measurement of the brain microcirculation provided by use of SDF probe in the area of the healthy brain, and of perifocal oedema. Both sites of investigation will be marked for the second measurement, which will be done after the end of tumor resection. Laboratory examinations: natremia preoperatively, natremia and osmolarity peroperatively 1 hour after NaCl infusion and at the end of surgery. Concentration of natrium will be examined in CSF after dura opening. Anesthesia management will be according to the standardised protocol, the patients will be awaken and extubated after the end of the procedure at the operating theatre.
A Web-based software application that implements a method for referring Internet users to healthcare providers. Internet users are able to access healthcare information on a Website. Internet users may be attracted to the Website by various forms of advertisements, including print, television, radio, direct mail, Internet, or other forms of advertisement. The healthcare information accessible to Internet users at the Website may include information regarding medical or psychiatric disorders, including overviews of disorders, their incidence and prevalence, and their symptoms, pathophysiology, consequences, and treatments. General information regarding the diagnosis of conditions may be presented. Internet users are prompted to provide identifying information, such as, for example, information regarding diagnostic criteria or geographical information, which is used to determine matching healthcare providers, and information regarding the matching healthcare providers is provided to users.
The study will be conducted through a practice-based research network of community pediatric practices. Participating sites will be randomized to the intervention or control condition (usual care) using a pre-specified randomization scheme derived using computer generated random numbers. The intervention sites will participate in a 30-minute training for using the "Milk. Water. Period" intervention (brochures, posters, key talking points and phone messages) in their office. The goal is for them to discuss beverage consumption and encourage "Milk. Water. Period" for all children 12 months to 12 years old (not yet reached their 13th birthday) at their checkup visit. The primary care provider (PCP) will use the talking points to facilitate the discussion about drink milk and water only and will give a brochure to each family. Assessments will be by telephone interview of the parent 2 to 4 weeks after a check-up visit for the index child.
PURPOSE: Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) commonly experience sleep-related issues and are susceptible to stress. Moreover, variatiaons in their vision are often linked to anxiety, stress and drowsiness, indicating that stress and sleep deprivation lead to a decline in vision, and vision improves when both are mitigated. The objective of this study was to investigate the utility of salivary biomarkers as biochemical indicators of anxiety and sleep deprivation in RP patients.
METHODS: Seventy-eight RP patients and 34 healthy controls were included in this observational study. Anxiety and sleep-quality questionnaires, a complete ophthalmological exam for severity grading and, the collection of salivary samples from participants were assessed for participants. The activity of biomarkers was estimated by ELISA, and statistical analysis was performed to determine associations between the parameters. Associations between underlying psychological factors, grade of disease severity, and biomarkers activity were also examined.
RESULTS: Fifty-two (67%) of patients had a severe RP, and 26 (33%) had a mild-moderate grade. Fifty-eight (58,9%) patients reported severe levels of anxiety and 18 (23.,1%) a high level. Forty-six (59%) patients obtained pathological values in sleep-quality questionaries and 43 (55.1%) in sleepiness. Patients with RP exhibited significant differences in testosterone, cortisol, sTNFαRII, sIgA and melatonin as compared to controls and patients with a mild-moderate and advanced stage of disease showed greater differences. In covariate analysis, patients with a severe anxiety level also showed greater differences in mean salivary cortisol, sTNFαRII and melatonin and male patients showed lower IgA levels than female.
CONCLUSIONS: The present findings suggest that salivary biomarkers could be suitable non-invasive biochemical markers for the objective assessment of sleep deprivation and anxiety in RP patients. Further research is needed to characterize the effects of untreated negative psychological states and sleep deprivation on increased variability of vision and disease progression, if any.
Participants aged 18-30, Male and Female (10 participants each). Control group must have normal range of movement and no evidence of femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI) on clinical examination (negative impingement test, no symptoms). Other exclusions for Control Group include previous surgery to hip joint/s, history of arthritis, family history of FAI, patients who have had symptoms of hip pain in the preceding 1 year or may have other conditions which may affect the hip joint or hip muscle strength including neurological conditions or muscular dystrophy.
The patient will be shown the headset for VR and a selection of age appropriate virtual realities to immerge in by the nurse not performing the procedure. There will be two lists of VRs to choose from, one for age 6 to 12 and one for age 12 to 18 with the following themes: amusement rides /carousel, space rides, zoo, safari, dinosaurs, city touring, landscapes, caverns. Once the patient is ready to wear the headset the application will start and 120 seconds later the procedure will take place. The nurse performing venipuncture will be a different one than the one handling distraction. Once the procedure ends the video will last for one more minute or up to the child' s desire. Only the first venipuncture attempt will be observed.
Heat application is known to activate transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, which play a crucial role in sensory perception, including itch. In this study, the effect of a 5-s, 49°C heat application on itch intensity in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients was evaluated. The study comprised 2 parts: a controlled trial investigating the impact of brief heat treatment on mechanically induced itch, and a real-life study of AD patients experiencing itch attacks. A significant and immediate reduction in itch sensations following heat application was shown, with effects enduring over time. This response, however, showed notable individual variability, underscoring the potential of personalized approaches in AD treatment. Repeated applications of heat showed no habituation effect, suggesting its viability as a non-pharmacological, patient-tailored option for managing itch in AD. Further research in larger cohorts is warranted to refine treatment protocols and deepen understanding of the mechanisms involved.
Solid oral dosage forms of potassium chloride can produce ulcerative and/or stenotic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. Based on spontaneous adverse reaction reports, enteric-coated preparations of potassium chloride are associated with an increased frequency of small bowel lesions (40 - 50 per 100,000 patient years) compared to sustained-release wax matrix formulations (less than one per 100,000 patient years). Because of the lack of extensive marketing experience with microencapsulated products, a comparison between such products and wax matrix or enteric-coated products is not available. Micro-K® Extencaps® and Micro-K® 10 Extencaps® are microencapsulated capsules formulated to provide a controlled rate of release of microencapsulated potassium chloride and thus to minimize the possibility of high local concentration of potassium near the gastrointestinal wall. 

Prospective trials have been conducted in normal human volunteers in which the upper gastrointestinal tract was evaluated by endoscopic inspection before and after one week of solid oral potassium chloride therapy. The ability of this model to predict events occurring in usual clinical practice is unknown. Trials which approximated usual clinical practice did not reveal any clear differences between the wax matrix and microencapsulated dosage forms. In contrast, there was a higher incidence of gastric and duodenal lesions in subjects receiving a high dose of a wax matrix controlled-release formulation under conditions which did not resemble usual or recommended clinical practice (i.e., 96 mEq per day in divided doses of potassium chloride administered to fasted patients, in the presence of an anticholinergic drug to delay gastric emptying). The upper gastrointestinal lesions observed by endoscopy were asymptomatic and were not accompanied by evidence of bleeding (hemoccult testing). The relevance of these findings to the usual conditions (i.e., non-fasting, no anticholinergic agent, smaller doses) under which controlled-release potassium chloride products are used is uncertain; epidemiologic studies have not identified an elevated risk, compared to microencapsulated products, for upper gastrointestinal lesions in patients receiving wax matrix formulations. Micro-K® Extencaps® and Micro-K® 10 Extencaps® should be discontinued immediately and the possibility of ulceration, obstruction or perforation considered if severe vomiting, abdominal pain, distention, or gastrointestinal bleeding occur.
Eosinophils are a critical type of immune cell and central players in type 2 immunity. Existing literature suggests that eosinophils also can play a role in host antiviral responses, typically type 1 immune events, against multiple respiratory viruses, both directly through release of antiviral mediators and indirectly through activation of other effector cell types. One way to prime host immune responses toward effective antiviral responses is through vaccination, where typically a type 1-skewed immunity is desirable in the context of intracellular pathogens like respiratory viruses. In the realm of breakthrough respiratory viral infection in vaccinated hosts, an event in which virus can still establish productive infection despite preexisting immunity, eosinophils are most prominently known for their link to vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease upon natural respiratory syncytial virus infection. This was observed in a pediatric cohort during the 1960s following vaccination with formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus. More recent research has unveiled additional roles of the eosinophil in respiratory viral infection and breakthrough infection. The specific contribution of eosinophils to the quality of vaccine responses, vaccine efficacy, and antiviral responses to infection in vaccinated hosts remains largely unexplored, especially regarding their potential roles in protection. On the basis of current findings, we will speculate upon the suggested function of eosinophils and consider the many potential ways by which eosinophils may exert protective and pathological effects in breakthrough infections. We will also discuss how to balance vaccine efficacy with eosinophil-related risks, as well as the use of eosinophils and their products as potential biomarkers of vaccine efficacy or adverse events.