anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A co-crystal which comprises balacyclovir and a co-crystal former selected from mellitic acid or L-ascorbic acid. The ratio of valacyclovir to melltic acid is preferably 2:1 to 2:7, particularly 1:1. The ratio of valacyclovir to L-ascorbic acid is preferably 2:1 to 2:7, particularly 1:1 or 1:2. Co-crystals may be prepared via solvent-assisted grinding, comprising mixing appropriate proportions of solid valacyclovir and co-former; grinding; adding solvent (preferably protic solvent such as water) to form a paste and further grinding to a powder. The solvent added is preferably 15-80 wt% based upon the total weight of the sample. The process of adding solvent and grinding may be repeated as necessary. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the claimed co-crystal are also disclosed, along with various medical uses and methods comprising the compositions. A precursor composition suitable for preparing the co-crystal is also disclosed. The co-crystals are disclosed to have improved solubility in comparison to pure valacyclovir.
Skin is susceptible to premature aging in response to ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced oxidative stress, which can ultimately result in aberrant aging or age-related disorders. Accordingly, strategies that can be adopted to mitigate oxidative stress may contribute to protecting skin from induced aging-related damage, thereby offering promising approaches for the treatment of skin diseases and disorders. In this regard, oroxylin A (OA), a natural flavonoid isolated from certain plants used in traditional Chinese medicine, is considered to have notable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, and is often used to treat certain inflammatory diseases. To date, however, there has been comparatively little research on the effects of OA with respect skin aging. In this study, we utilized UV radiation-induced mouse and cellular models of aging to assess the efficacy of OA in protecting against skin aging. Subsequently, to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying the protective effect of OA on skin aging, we performed molecular docking analysis to investigate the involvement of the anti-aging gene Sirt1, which was further confirmed on the basis of Sirt1 gene silencing. We accordingly demonstrated that by promoting an increase in the expression of Sirt1, OA can contribute to suppressing UV-induced skin photo-aging in cells/mice by reducing oxidative stress. Furthermore, we established that by activating Sirt1, OA can also promote the dissociation of Nrf2 from Keap1 and its subsequent nuclear translocation. Collectively, our findings in this study reveal OA to be an effective natural compound that can be administered to delay the aging of skin triggered by UV, both in vivo and in vitro, by binding to Sirt1 to promote the deacetylation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2, thereby contributing to a reduction in oxidative stress. These findings may this provide a therapeutic target for the prevention of skin aging or aging-induced skin diseases.
1. The pretreatment physical examination should include special reference to breast and pelvic organs, as well as Papanicolaou smear.
  2. In cases of breakthrough bleeding, as in all cases of irregular vaginal bleeding, nonfunctional causes should be considered. In cases of undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, adequate diagnostic measures should be undertaken.
  3. Because progestogens may cause some degree of fluid retention, conditions which might be influenced by this factor (e.g., epilepsy, migraine, asthma, cardiac or renal dysfunction) require careful observation.
  4. The pathologist should be advised of progesterone therapy when relevant specimens are submitted.
  5. Patients who have a history of psychic depression should be carefully observed and the drug discontinued if the depression recurs to a serious degree.
  6. A decrease in glucose tolerance has been observed in a small percentage of patients on estrogen-progestin combination drugs. The mechanism of this decrease is not known. For this reason, diabetic patients should be carefully observed while receiving progestin therapy.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Eggs contain nutrients which could help enrich the diets of postmenopausal women. Egg consumption and elevated body weight have been associated with elevated risk of serious chronic disease. It is possible that elevated body weight mediates between egg consumption and serious chronic disease. However, few studies exist on the link between egg consumption and body weight in post-menopausal women, and none of them accounted for genetic weight gain predispositions. Our objective was to examine associations between egg consumption, body weight, and genetic predisposition for an elevated Body Mass Index (BMI), in postmenopausal women.
METHODS: We analyzed data from 4439 healthy Women's Health Initiative participants of European descent during a 6-year follow up using multivariable generalized linear mixed models to prospectively evaluate egg and egg-nutrient intake (measured by a food frequency questionnaire) against body weight and a BMI polygenic score (PGS-BMI) derived from GWAS meta-analysis effect-allele frequencies.
RESULTS: We found a positive prospective association between change in egg intake and body weight during the 6-year follow up. For instance, at year 3, women whose intake had increased by 2.0 eggs/week had gained 0.70 kg (95%CI: 0.34, 1.07, p = 0.0002) more than women whose intake had decreased by 2.4 eggs/week, p-linear <0.0001. Cholesterol-intake and choline-intake, but not betaine-intake, showed similar significant associations. Exploratory analysis revealed that: 1) women only demonstrated these significant associations if they exhibited higher intakes of "Western-pattern" foods including processed and red meats, French fries, sweets and deserts, sugar-sweetened beverages, fried foods, and dietary fat, and dietary energy; and 2) there was a significant positive prospective association between PGS-BMI and body-weight change, but only in the top quintile of egg-intake change.
CONCLUSIONS: We found significant positive prospective associations between weight change and changes in egg intake, cholesterol intake, and choline intake among healthy postmenopausal women of European ancestry in the Women's Health Initiative. Exploratory analyses revealed that: 1) these significant associations only obtained among women who ate large amounts of "Western-pattern" foods; and 2) women with a higher genetic susceptibility for an elevated BMI gained more weight only if they increased their egg intake considerably. Our results require confirmation.
Product may be stored frozen at or below 5°F (≤-15°C) or refrigerated at 36 to 46°F (2 to 8°C); refer to label for appropriate storage conditions. Do not use after expiration date.

If product is received frozen, use within 60 days of thawing at 2 to 8°C. Begin intravenous infusion within 4 hours after entering the vial.

Do not reuse or save VIGIV for future use. This product contains no preservative; therefore, discard partially used vials.
An in vitro method for the preparation of a highly purified and heat stable oxygen carrier containing pharmaceutical composition is disclosed. The oxygen carrier-containing pharmaceutical composition including haemoglobin and the haemoglobin consisting essentially of non-polymeric crosslinked tetrameric haemoglobin having a beta-beta cross-linking of greater than 40% preferably greater than 50%. The method comprises a) providing a sample of mammalian whole blood including at least red blood cells and plasma. The red blood cells are then separated from the plasma in the mammalian whole blood and the red blood cells that were separated from the plasma are filtered to obtain a filtered red blood cell fraction. The filtered red blood cell fraction is washed to remove plasma protein impurities, resulting in washed red blood cells. The washed red blood cells is disrupted to create a solution comprising a lysate of disrupted red blood cells and a filtration is performed filtration to remove at least a portion of the waste retentate from the lysate. A first haemoglobin solution is extracted from the lysate and at least one purification process is performed to remove one or more of viruses, waste retentate, or protein impurities. The first haemoglobin solution is cross-linked by bis-3,5-dibromosalicyl fumarate to form crosslinked haemoglobin in an oxygenated environment. The crosslinked haemoglobin is non-polymeric crosslinked tetrameric haemoglobin having at least 40% beta-beta cross-linking. Any residual chemicals are removed from the solution and the crosslinked haemoglobin are heat treated in a deoxygenated environment to denature and precipitate any residual non-stabilized/ non-crosslinked haemoglobin, any dimeric haemoglobin and any other protein impurities such that the resulting heat stable crosslinked tetrameric haemoglobin has an undetectable concentration of dimer and consists essentially of nonpolymeric crosslinked tetrameric haemoglobin with a beta-beta cross-linking of at least 40% and an oxygen affinity greater than the oxygen affinity of native haemoglobin of the same species measured under substantially similar conditions. Optionally the resulting heat stable crosslinked haemoglobin can be cooled and N-acetyl-cysteine can be added to the cooled crosslinked haemoglobin. The precipitate is removed by a centrifugation or a filtration to form a clear solution; and the purified and heat stable crosslinked tetrameric haemoglobin is added to a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
This study will assess efficacy of beta-alanine in combination with PFMT for the treatment of participants with urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy. B-alanine is a component of L-carnosine (with L-histidine), which is needed for its synthesis. Βeta-alanine, thanks to its bioavailability) is a commonly used supplement that can improve exercise performance by increasing the amount of carnosine in striated muscle tissues. Supplementation of beta-alanine in elderly patients has resulted in an increase in physical activity, less fatigue and overall increase in L-carnosine concentration in muscles. PFMT utilization is considered a strong predictor of early return of urinary continence after radical prostatectomy (RP). We hypothesize, that combination of PFMT with beta-alanine could result in improved urinary continence after RP. The intervention will start 30 days before the surgery and will continue until primary outcome is met. Beta-alanine/placebo will be given daily. Efficacy, pharmacokinetics, biomarkers, tissue histology, participants reported outcomes and safety will be assessed. The total duration of study will be approximately 6 months.
BACKGROUND: Healthy Together Victoria (HTV) was a Victorian Government initiative that sought to reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity through targeting chronic disease risk factors including physical activity, poor diet quality, smoking, and harmful alcohol use. The intervention involved a boosted workforce of > 170 local-level staff in 12 communities; employed to deliver system activation around health and wellbeing for individuals, families and communities. A cluster randomised trial (CRT) of a systems thinking approach to obesity prevention was embedded within HTV. We present the two-year changes in overweight and obesity and associated behaviours among secondary school students across Victoria, Australia.
METHODS: Twenty-three geographically bounded areas were randomised to intervention (12 communities) or comparison (11 communities). Randomly selected secondary schools within each community were invited to participate in the trial in 2014 and 2016. Students in Grade 8 (aged approximately 13-15 years) and Grade 10 (aged approximately 15-16 years) at participating schools were recruited using an opt-out approach across July-September 2014 and 2016. Primary outcomes were body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. Secondary outcomes were physical activity, sedentary behaviour, diet quality, health-related quality of life, and depressive symptoms. Linear mixed models were fit to estimate the intervention effect adjusting for child/school characteristics.
RESULTS: There were 4242 intervention children and 2999 control children in the final analysis. For boys, the two-year change showed improvement in intervention versus control for waist circumference (difference in change: - 2.5 cm; 95% confidence interval [CI]: - 4.6, - 0.5) and consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages per day (< 1 serve: 8.5 percentage points; 95% CI: 0.6, 16.5). For girls, there were no statistically significant differences between conditions.
CONCLUSIONS: HTV seemed to produce favourable changes in waist circumference and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption for boys, however, no effect on BMI was observed. Although the HTV intervention was cut short, and the period between data collection points was relatively short, the changes observed in HTV contribute to the growing evidence of whole-of-community interventions targeting childhood obesity.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial is unregistered. The intervention itself was a policy setting delivered by government and our role was the collection of data to evaluate the effect of this natural experiment. That is, this study was not a trial from the classical point of view and we were not responsible for the intervention.
Vitamin D has important anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial properties and plays a central role in the host immune response. Due to the crucial role of the kidneys in the metabolism of vitamin D, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are prone to vitamin D deficiency. The resultant reduction in the production of calcitriol, the activated form of vitamin D, in patients with CKD is responsible for exacerbating the existing renal impairment and periodontal inflammation. Recent evidence suggests a bidirectional, causal relationship between periodontitis and renal functional status. Both conditions have shared pathophysiological mechanisms including oxidative stress, increases in the systemic inflammatory burden and impaired host response. This review explores the association between vitamin D, CKD and periodontitis. The review summarises the current evidence base for the classical and non-classical vitamin D metabolic pathways, the biological mechanisms linking vitamin D deficiency, CKD and periodontitis, as well as the bidirectional relationship between the two chronic inflammatory conditions. Finally, the paper explores the impact of vitamin D deficiency on CKD, periodontitis, and related co-morbidities.
Oral tablet to be given once daily for 24 weeks of treatment. Patients randomised to the placebo arm will be re-randomised at week 25 in a 1:1 ratio to ibodutant or placebo for additional 28 weeks of treatment.
The leg cycling exercise will use a stationary bicycle and the similar protocol as in the experimental group. The cycling exercise will include 2-minute warming up in the beginning and 2-minute cooling down at the end with a speed of 10 rpm and resistance of level 1 of 4. After warming up, the speed will increase at every two minutes by an increment of 5 rpm until reaching the target heart rate zone of 50% - 60% of age-predicted maximum heart rate. If the participant cannot tolerate any more increase in cycling speed before reaching the target heart rate, the resistance will be increased. The training duration will be individualized at the beginning and increase weekly by 5 minutes, depending on the tolerance of the participant, up to the maximum of 30 minutes. Both heart rate and blood pressure will be monitored before, during, and after each session to ensure safety. Each session including setting up will be about one hour.
Group 2: Cocaine HCI 4% Group - Cocaine HCl 4% topical solution, up to 4 mL, is applied for 20 minutes via cotton pledget(s), then the nasal site is tested with a Von Frey (or equivalent) filament (Size 5.18, about 15 grams of force) to determine and record pain on a pain scale of 0 to 10. If a score of 0 is recorded, then the diagnostic procedure or surgery proceeds along with safety monitoring for at least 90 minutes after removal of the pledget(s). The subject will be followed for safety for seven days. The total amount of Cocaine HCl 4% topical solution used will be recorded.
Today, despite current advances in combinatorial therapies such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, aggressive cancers remain fatal. Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) may account for chemotherapy resistance and thus represent a promising therapeutic target. In this context, the present inventors identified essential intracellular pathways favoring the self-renewal and survival of CSCs. More precisely, the present inventors showed that the cytokine co-receptor GP130 acts as a co-receptor for Apelin / APJ signaling and that the interaction of Apelin with APJ/GP130 activates a dual signaling pathway involving the Akt/mTOR and STAT3 transcription factor, thereby promoting CSCs survival and self-renewal. They therefore propose to block these pathways in order to treat patients suffering from tumors containing CSCs, such as glioblastomas. In another aspect, the invention relates to the use of the Apelin expression level for evaluating the survival probability of a subject suffering from glioblastoma.
All participants will receive 4 cycles of standard dose R-CHOP chemotherapy administered at 3-weekly intervals. Non-progressing participants will undergo a mid-treatment PET scan along with routine restaging investigations after 4 cycles of R-CHOP. Patients with a negative mid-treatment PET scan (no evidence of abnormal 18F-FDG uptake) will complete therapy with two additional cycles of R-CHOP for a total of 6 cycles of chemotherapy. Patients with a mid-treatment PET scan interpreted to be "indeterminate" or "equivocal" will be recorded as such, but should be considered negative for the purpose of treatment planning and should not prompt a change in therapy.
In this group, immediately after placement of mini-implant and extractions of upper first premolars, heavy ligation will be done from mini-implant to maxillary second premolar and first molar. Canine will be retracted by sliding mechanics and the four anterior teeth will be retracted by loop mechanics. Loops will be activated every three weeks by 1 mm.
###  In Vitro Activity

Ethionamide exhibits bacteriostatic activity against extracellular and intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms. The development of ethionamide resistant M. tuberculosis isolates can be obtained by repeated subculturing in liquid or on solid media containing increasing concentrations of ethionamide. Multi-drug resistant strains of M. tuberculosis may have acquired resistance to both isoniazid and ethionamide. However, the majority of M. tuberculosis isolates that are resistant to one are usually susceptible to the other. There is no evidence of cross-resistance between ethionamide and para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS), streptomycin, or cycloserine. However, limited data suggest that cross-resistance may exist between ethionamide and thiosemicarbazones (i.e., thiacetazone) as well as isoniazid.

###  In Vivo Activity

Ethionamide administered orally initially decreased the number of culturable Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms from the lungs of H37Rv infected mice. Drug resistance developed with continued ethionamide monotherapy, but did not occur when mice received ethionamide in combination with streptomycin or isoniazid.
OBJECTIVE: Cervical cancer (CC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors affecting the female reproductive system. Nonetheless, various shortcomings exist within current treatment approaches for CC. Therefore, the quest for new intervention targets holds significant importance. Research has demonstrated that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2487 (LINC02487) can suppress the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, its function and potential mechanisms in CC remain unclear, therefore, this study aims to investigate the role and potential mechanism of LINC02487 in CC.
METHODS: LINC02487 and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression were assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in CC tissue samples and constructed cell models. LINC02487 was either knocked down or overexpressed, and PTEN was knocked down in the CC (SiHa) cell line via transfection technology. The expression levels of LINC02487 and PTEN in SiHa cell lines were examined using RT-qPCR after various treatments. Cell proliferation ability was determined through Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8 and colony formation assays, while the ability to invade and migrate was assessed via Transwell experiments. Western blot analysis was employed to measure the levels of key proteins in the PTEN/Akt/mechanistic target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway.
RESULTS: A positive correlation was observed between LINC02487 and PTEN, both of which were found to be downregulated in CC cells and tissues (p < 0.05). In vitro experiments demonstrated that overexpression of LINC02487 significantly inhibited colony formation (p < 0.01), invasion (p < 0.01), migration (p < 0.01), and proliferation (p < 0.01) of SiHa cells. Furthermore, LINC02487 overexpression led to upregulation of PTEN expression (p < 0.01) and inhibition of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway (p < 0.01), while knockdown of LINC02487 produced the opposite effect (p < 0.01). Additionally, knocking down PTEN counteracted the inhibitory effects of LINC02487 overexpression on CC progression (p < 0.01) and the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway (p < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: In vitro findings suggest that LINC02487 may impede the progression of CC by suppressing the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway through the upregulation of PTEN expression. Consequently, LINC02487 holds promise as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of CC.
Several methods for induction of labour are available. However, the most effective and with less frequency of adverse effects is still unknown. Vaginal misoprostol has been used frequently to induce labour but other routes of administrations have been proposed, such as oral and sublingual. The purpose of this study is to compare effectiveness and safety of sublingual misoprostol 12,5 mcg with vaginal misoprostol 25 mcg administration for induction of labour with an alive and term fetus. A randomized controlled double-blind trial will be carried in two hospitals: Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira and Universidade Federal do Ceará and Instituto de Saúde Elpídio de Almeida, from July 2014 to November 2016. A total of 150 patients must be enrolled. Inclusion criteria are: a) indication for labour induction; b) term pregnancy with alive fetus; Bishop score less than six. Exclusion criteria are: a) previous uterine scar; b) nonvertex presentation; c) non-reassuring fetal status; d) fetal anomalies; e) fetal growth restriction; f) genital bleeding; g) tumors, malformations and/or ulcers of vulva, perineum or vagina. They will be randomized to receive a sublingual misoprostol 12,5 mcg with vaginal placebo tablet or sublingual placebo with vaginal misoprostol 25 mcg tablet. Vaginal tablets will have 25mcg of misoprostol or placebo. Sublingual tablet will have 12,5mcg or placebo. Vaginal misoprostol or placebo tablets will be administered for each six hours until the maximum dose of 200mcg or eight tablets. Primary outcome will be the frequency of tachysystole. Secondary outcomes will be vaginal delivery within 24 hours, hyperstimulation syndrome, cesarean section, severe neonatal morbidity or perinatal death, serious maternal morbidity or maternal death, need of oxytocin for augmentation of labour, number of misoprostol doses needed to bring on labour, interval from first dose to labour and first dose to delivery, failed induction, uterine rupture, need of labour analgesia, instrumental delivery, side effects, maternal death, meconium, non-reassuring fetal heart rate, Apgar scores less than seven at 1st and 5th minutes, admission at neonatal intensive care unit, neonatal encephalopaty, perinatal death and women not satisfied.