anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Athletes with tetraplegia may experience marked hyperthermia while exercising under environmental heat stress due to their limited ability to dissipate heat through evaporative means. This study investigated the effectiveness of two external cooling strategies (i.e., spraying water onto the body surface or using a cooling vest) on physiological and perceptual variables in tetraplegic athletes during and after an aerobic exercise session in a hot environment. Nine male wheelchair rugby players performed an incremental test to determine their maximum aerobic power output. After that, they were subjected to three experimental trials in a counter-balanced order: control (CON, no body cooling), cooling vest (CV), and water spraying (WS). During these trials, they performed 30 min of a submaximal exercise (at 65% of their maximum aerobic power) inside an environmental chamber set to maintain the dry-bulb temperature at 32 °C. The following variables were recorded at regular intervals during the exercise and for an additional 30 min following the exertion (i.e., post-exercise recovery) with the participants also exposed to 32 °C: body core temperature (TCORE), skin temperature (TSKIN), heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), thermal comfort (TC), and thermal sensation (TS). While exercising in CON conditions, the tetraplegic athletes had the expected increases in TCORE, TSKIN, HR, RPE, and TC and TS scores. HR, TC, and TS decreased gradually toward pre-exercise values after the exercise, whereas TCORE and TSKIN remained stable at higher values. Using a cooling vest decreased the temperature measured only on the chest and reduced the scores of RPE, TC, and TS during and after exercise but did not influence the other physiological responses of the tetraplegic athletes. In contrast, spraying water onto the athletes' body surface attenuated the exercise-induced increase in TSKIN, led to lower HR values during recovery, and was also associated with better perception during and after exercise. We conclude that water spraying is more effective than the cooling vest in attenuating physiological strain induced by exercise-heat stress. However, although both external cooling strategies do not influence exercise hyperthermia, they improve the athletes' thermal perception and reduce perceived exertion.
A combined purified vaccine for the protection of sheep and lambs against tetanus and pulpy kidney disease comprises an aqueous preparation of toxoided E-toxin from Clostridium welchii, type D, and toxoided tetanus toxin, containing not less than 30 flocculation equivalents (Fl.E) of toxoided 8-toxin, not less than 5 flocculation equivalents of toxoided tetanus toxin, not more than 0.075 milligrams protein nitrogen and not more than 0.75 milligrams total nitrogen per millilitre of the preparation. Protection is also obtained against dysentery by using the above vaccine containing additionally toxoided B- and E-toxins from Cl. welchii, type B, if desired, reinforced with additional toxoided B-toxin from Cl. welchii, type C.  This vaccine contains not less than 5, preferably 10, Fl.E. of toxoided tetanus toxin, not less than 30, preferably 60-70, Fl.E. of toxoided E-toxin from Cl. welchii, type D, not less than 30, preferably 70-80, Fl.E. of B-toxin from Cl. welchii, type B, and not less than 20, preferably 30-40, Fl.E. of toxoided B-toxin from Cl. welchii, type C.  The purified toxoid is prepared by anaerobically culturing a toxigenic strain of the producing organism, e.g. Cl. welchii, type D in a culture medium such as papin digest of horse meat of pH 8.0 at 37 DEG C. for 18 hours.  Separating the bacteria from the medium and converting the toxin and protoxin in the clarified medium to toxoid and protoxoid by treatment with formaldehyde (1% on medium) for 14 to 18 days at 37 DEG  C. converting the protoxoid to toxoid by treatment with trypsin for 30 to 90 minutes at 37 DEG  C. and precipitating the toxoid from the medium by the addition of ammonium sulphate.  The toxoid is dissolved in water and dialysed to remove residual ammonium sulphate.  The purified toxoid is adsorbed on to a parenterally acceptable pharmaceutical carrier such as aluminium hydroxide gel or aluminium phosphate gel.  The various purified toxins are adsorbed on to separate carriers before mixing in the required proportions to produce the potencies desired.  The vaccine may be buffered at pH 7.0 and contain 0.85% sodium chloride and a preservative.
Background: Traditional Persian medicine has introduced effective remedies in opioid dependence care. One of the most widely used remedies is an herbal formulation containing Peganum harmala L. and Fraxinus excelsior L. (HF). This study investigated the effects of HF to attenuate the withdrawal signs and rewarding effects in morphine-dependent rats. Methods: Forty-nine male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups. The control and vehicle groups received normal saline and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, respectively. The morphine group received morphine for one week. The single and daily dose of HF groups received morphine similar to the morphine group, and HF (1.4 and 2.8 g/kg) once a day in the daily dose group and only on the last day of the experiment in the single dose of HF group. Finally, the withdrawal signs as well biochemical tests were evaluated. The behavioral parameters were assessed by conditioned place preference (CPP), elevated plus-maze and Y-maze tests. The antioxidant activity of HF was evaluated by measurement of serum contents of malondialdehyde, stable nitric oxide metabolites and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Moreover, the protein expression of c-fos was assessed by western blotting. Results: Daily treatment with HF significantly reduced the score of CPP behavioral test, all of the withdrawal signs, TAC and the c-fos protein level. Conclusions: The results indicated that HF might be a promising complementary treatment in reducing morphine-induced physical and psychological dependence probably through modulation of c-fos protein expression.
OBJECTIVE: The use of local or regional anesthesia (LRA) is encouraged during transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR) because the procedure is performed through a small incision. LRA permits neurologic evaluation during the procedure and may reduce periprocedural cardiac morbidity compared with general anesthesia (GA). There is limited and conflicting information regarding the preferred anesthesia to use during TCAR. We compared periprocedural clinical and technical complications, and intraprocedural performance metrics of TCAR performed under GA vs LRA.
METHODS: Patient, lesion, physician, and procedural information was collected in a worldwide quality assurance program of consecutive TCAR procedures. A composite clinical adverse event rate (death, stroke, transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction) and a composite technical adverse event rate (aborted procedure, conversion to carotid endarterectomy, bleeding, dissection, cranial-nerve injury, device failure) in the periprocedural period were computed. Four intraprocedural performance measures (flow-reversal time, fluoroscopy time, contrast volume, and skin-to-skin time) were recorded. Deidentified data were analyzed independently at the Center for Vascular Research, University of Maryland. Poisson regressions were used to assess the impact of anesthesia type on adverse event rates. Linear regressions were used to compare performance measures.
RESULTS: A total of 27,043 TCARs were performed by 1456 physicians between 2012 and 2021. A majority of patients (83%) received GA, and this proportion increased over time (R2 = 0.74; P < .0001). Some physicians (33.4%) used LRA in some of their procedures; only 2.7% used LRA in all of their procedures. Clinical risk factors were more common in the LRA group (P < .0001) and anatomic risk factors in the GA group (P < .0001); these differences were adjusted for in subsequent analyses. LRA was more likely to be used by vascular surgeons and by physicians with higher prior transfemoral carotid stenting experience (P < .0001). When comparing GA vs LRA, clinical adverse events (1.49%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-1.8 vs 1.55%; 95% CI, 1.2-2.0; P = .78), technical adverse events (5.6%; 95% CI, 5.2-6.2 vs 5.3%; 95% CI, 4.5-6.3; P = .47), and intraprocedural performance measures did not differ by type of anesthesia.
CONCLUSIONS: Almost two-thirds of physicians performed TCAR exclusively under GA, and the overall proportion of procedures performed under GA increased over time. A larger fraction of patients with severe medical risk factors received LRA vs GA, whereas a larger fraction of patients with anatomic risk-factors received GA. Periprocedural clinical and technical adverse events did not differ by type of anesthesia. Intraprocedural performance metrics that drive procedural cost were similar between groups; potential differences in procedural cost driven by anesthetic choice require further study.
C19 diterpene alkaloid, a preparation method therefore and an application thereof, which relate to the technical field of medicines. The structure of C19 diterpene alkaloid is shown in formula (I). Pharmacodynamic experiments show that the compound have cardiotonic effects. Compared with mesaconine in the positive control group, compounds 1, 2, 4, 7 and 10 have significantly higher cardiotonic effects. The compounds can be used for preparing cardiotonic drugs and drugs for preventing and/or treating heart failure. The compounds can be extracted and separated from aconitum plants, can be extracted from a wide range of sources, and have wide clinical application prospects and market prospects.
Pseudouridine (Ψ), the isomer of uridine, is ubiquitously found in RNA, including tRNA, rRNA, and mRNA. Human pseudouridine synthase 3 (PUS3) catalyzes pseudouridylation of position 38/39 in tRNAs. However, the molecular mechanisms by which it recognizes its RNA targets and achieves site specificity remain elusive. Here, we determine single-particle cryo-EM structures of PUS3 in its apo form and bound to three tRNAs, showing how the symmetric PUS3 homodimer recognizes tRNAs and positions the target uridine next to its active site. Structure-guided and patient-derived mutations validate our structural findings in complementary biochemical assays. Furthermore, we deleted PUS1 and PUS3 in HEK293 cells and mapped transcriptome-wide Ψ sites by Pseudo-seq. Although PUS1-dependent sites were detectable in tRNA and mRNA, we found no evidence that human PUS3 modifies mRNAs. Our work provides the molecular basis for PUS3-mediated tRNA modification in humans and explains how its tRNA modification activity is linked to intellectual disabilities.
Catheter ablation is a commonly performed strategy employed for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. However ablation in the posterior wall of the left atrium can cause thermal injury to the esophagus. When significant thermal injury to the esophagus occurs, two significant complications can occur: 1) the formation of an atrio-esophageal fistula, and 2) gastrointestinal dysmotility. While the former is rate, it is an important complication since it can be fatal. The frequency of the latter complication is less well appreciated, but probably occurs in the range of 1:100 to 1:500. Currently luminal esophageal temperature monitoring is the most commonly employed modality to prevent such injury. However, there are limitations to its use, and atrio-esophageal fistulas have been reported even when using esophageal temperature monitoring. Esophageal deviation using either a TEE or EGD probe has been described in the literature, but the effectiveness and practicality of these techniques are suboptimal, and have therefore precluded their use in routine clinical practice. Recently, we have demonstrated that esophageal deviation is indeed possible using off-the-shelf equipment (a soft thoracic tube and endotracheal stylet) in patients undergoing AF ablation. In this randomized double-blind study, we will compare standard practice (i.e., use of luminal esophageal temperature monitoring) to esophageal deviation during AF ablation. We hypothesize that the strategy of esophageal deviation will result in safer ablation strategy with a reduction in the incidence of esophageal injury as assessed by endoscopy.
Participants will be assigned to a dose level of mosunetuzumab based on when the participants join this study. Up to 2 dose levels of mosunetuzumab will be tested. The first group of participants will receive the lowest dose level. A second group will receive a higher dose than the group before it, if no intolerable side effects were seen.
Up to 26 evaluable patients will be treated in the cohort B (Pembrolizumab with Lenvatinib) if they do not have any contraindication for receiving lenvatinib treatment, otherwise they will be treated in the cohort A if slots are available. In the cohort B, the neo-adjuvant anti-PD1 immunotherapy will be combined with orally lenvatinib at a daily dose of 20 mg for 6 weeks started on the day of the first anti-PD1 dose.
BACKGROUND: Obesity is one of the critical public health problems in our society. It leads to various health conditions, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. With the rising incidence of obesity, there is a growing demand for new therapies which can effectively manage body weight and improve health.
CURRENT EVIDENCE: Currently under development, multi-receptor agonist drugs may offer a promising solution to meet this unmet medical need. Retatrutide is a novel triple receptor agonist peptide that targets the glucagon receptor (GCGR), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR), and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). This novel drug has the potential to treat metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity as well as diseases resulting from it due to its distinct mechanism of action. The Phase III trial of this pipeline drug for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and obesity started on August 28, 2023. The results of a Phase II clinical trial have demonstrated significant weight reduction in overweight and obese adults. Specifically, the trial reported an average weight loss of 17.5% and 24.4% at 24 and 48 weeks, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings hold promise for the development of effective weight loss interventions in this population group. There is a need for more phase III studies to provide sufficient clinical evidence for the effectiveness of retatrutide, as current evidence is limited to phase II studies and has yet to prove its worth in a larger population. Here, we aimed to provide an overview of retatrutide's safety and effectiveness in treating obesity.
The invention discloses a porcine pseudorabies virus strain and a porcine pseudorabies inactivated vaccine prepared by using the same. The porcine pseudorabies virus strain is separated from the brain, tonsil and other tissues of a still birth of a sow on a pig farm by virtue of subculture adaptation and has a microbial preservation number of GCMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center) No.5013. The virus strain separated in the invention has quick proliferation and high titer on ST (scheduled tribe) cells, can induce an animal to generate a high-titer neutralizing antibody, and has excellent immunogenicity. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the porcine pseudorabies inactivated vaccine, and the method comprises the following steps of: culturing the porcine pseudorabies virus strain to obtain a virus solution; adding an inactivator to inactivate the virus solution; and preparing an oil phase and a water phase, and emulsifying, thus obtaining the porcine pseudorabies inactivated vaccine. In the invention, each process parameter of the inactivated vaccine is optimized. Immune protective efficacy and safety tests prove that the inactivated vaccine has excellent immunogenicity and safety.
In developed countries, Newborn Screening (NBS) programs aim to detect treatable yet clinically silent disorders. The selection of disorders to be included in NBS considers severity, treatment availability, prevalence, and analysis cost. However, numerous genetic disorders remain excluded from routine testing due to high expenses and specialized equipment requirements. Here we present SCAN, a novel, non-invasive, and cost-effective decision-support tool utilizing nanopore sequencing for estimating proportions of chromosomes responsible for the most common aneuploidies. SCAN combines DNA enrichment (amplification), barcoding, nanopore sequencing, and machine learning predictive modeling. In a proof-of-concept study for Klinefelter Syndrome, SCAN achieved 100% sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, becoming the world's first IVD-certified genetic test utilising nanopore sequencing. Further model training shows promise in expanding this assay to detect other chromosomal aneuploidies included in the protocol.
Arm 1: Eligible subjects will receive escalating doses of safinamide for the 6-week duration of treatment. Each dose level will be last 10-14 days. Doses 200mg and 300mg will have a 3 day intermediate step up dose, 150mg and 250mg dose.
Standard of care (SOC) plus a multiple administration and dose-escalasion with 2 cohorts with 3 subjects/cohort who receive doses of 1 and 2 ×10E8 cells. Each person received 3 infusions, 1 week apart, Proceed from lower dose to higher dose if no safety concerns for each cohort.
PURPOSE: To obtain the hair-raising agent composition containing a specific benzylisoquinoline alkaloid and having excellent hair-raising actions such as alopecia prevention and trichogenous effect. CONSTITUTION: The hair-raising agent composition contains a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid of the formula (R is H, 1-4C alkyl) in an amount of 0.0001-2wt.% as an active ingredient. The active ingredient is suitably compounded with additives used for other conventional hair-raising agents and subsequently prepared into a liquid, emulsion or ointment form capable of being applied to hair by a known method. The compound of the formula is contained in Annonaceae, Lauraceae, Paparerceae, and Menispermaceae plants, and can be isolated from the plants. Namely, the compound of the formula is obtained by finely cutting the plant, drying the finely cut plant pieces, extracting the dried product with an alcohol, treating the extract with an acid (e.g. sulfuric acid) and subsequently with an alkali (e.g. NaOH), and subsequently purifying the obtained crude alkaloid fraction.
Alternating placement of Spring Ten (0.30x40 mm) acupuncture needles to surround scar left in place for a treatment duration of 20 minutes. Needles will be placed at intervals of 1cm to 1.5 cm and will surround the scar with a maximum of 20 needles per treatment.
During Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA), the anesthetic propofol and the opioid remifentanil are often used together. Previous studies have demonstrated the synergy between these combinations of medications. From these data, drug interaction models have been developed to pair drug effect-site concentrations with event markers of interest to the clinical anesthesiologist. For example, the amount of remifentanil and propofol typically required during the induction of anesthesia to cause loss of responsiveness to verbal or moderate stimuli has been studied. Likewise, the blood concentration levels present during emergence from anesthesia have been explored describing levels typically present for patients to return to consciousness.

The purpose of this study is to retrospectively analyze the infusion doses of both remifentanil and propofol for pediatric patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery at CHOP. These data will be applied to the pharmacokinetic models to determine the predicted effect site concentration, and the relationship of that concentration to the 50% and 95% doses as predicted by the model.
Patients receive olaparib PO BID. Treatment continues for 4 weeks in the absence of disease progression and unacceptable toxicity. Beginning week 2, patients also undergo hyperthermia treatment over 1 hour twice weekly for 3 weeks in the absence of disease progression and unacceptable toxicity.
PURPOSE:A remedy for peptic ulcer having both a reducing action on an attacking factor and an enhancing action on a protective factor, having low toxicity and side effect, containing a 2,3-dimethylquinoxaline-5,8-dione compound as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:A remedy for peptic ulcer containing a compound shown by the formula as an active ingredient. The compound shown by the formula removes defects of conventional remedy, has action to reduce attacking factor of acid, pepsin, etc., and to enhance protecting factors of the mucosa of the digestive tubes. It has no inhibitory action on secretion of gastric juice as an anticholinergic agent has. Namely the remedy promotes rebirth of tissue, without side effect on central nervous system, etc., has low toxicity, and usable continuously for a long period. A dose is 25-400mg per adult three times a day. The compound shown by the formula is obtained by reacting 2,3-dimethylamino-1,4- naphthoquinone with diacetyl in an organic solvent under heating.
The recommended dosage of MINOLIRA is approximately 1 mg/kg once daily for 12 weeks. Higher doses have not shown to be of additional benefit in the treatment of inflammatory lesions of acne, and may be associated with more acute vestibular side effects. The 105 mg and 135 mg tablets may be split on the score line for dosing of patient weight ranges of 45-59 kg and 60-89 kg, respectively (see Table 1).

MINOLIRA may be taken with or without food [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. Ingestion of food along with MINOLIRA may help reduce the risk of esophageal irritation and ulceration. MINOLIRA tablets should not be chewed or crushed.

In patients with renal impairment, the total dosage should be decreased by either reducing the recommended individual doses and/or by extending the time intervals between doses [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].