anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Following a run-in on amlodipine, eligible participants will receive zilebesiran on Day 1 of a 6-month double-blind treatment period as add-on to amlodipine. Thereafter, participants will receive zilebesiran once every 6 months during the open-label extension period. Upon implementation of Amendment 3, the OLE period will be closed and participants will not receive any further treatment with zilebesiran in the OLE period.
INTRODUCTION: Medullary carcinoma (MTC) is a rare neuroendocrine thyroid neoplasm. The international medullary thyroid carcinoma grading scheme (IMTCGS), which has prognostic significance, has been introduced recently. The present study graded MTC cases using the IMTCGS and evaluated it in our study cohort.
METHODS: All MTC thyroidectomy cases over 6 years were evaluated. Low-grade (LG) and high-grade (HG) were compared. Survival analysis included overall survival (OS), loco-regional free survival and distant metastasis free survival (DMFS).
RESULTS: Of 32 cases, 31.25% were HG and 68.75% LG. The mean age was 44.0 years and M:F ratio 1:1.146. HG patients were older and had tumour cells with high-grade nuclear features and prominent nucleoli and showed distant metastasis. Necrosis was found more in patients with high grade nuclear features. There was discordance between the high Ki67 (60%) and increased mitotic activity (20%). Univariate survival analysis revealed poor DMFRS and OS in the cohorts with high grade, Ki67 > 5% and coagulative necrosis. The multivariate cox regression analysis showed IMTCGS significantly associated with overall survival (HR 28.30, p = 0.009) and DMFS (HR 15.70, p = 0.02).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This is the first Indian study evaluating IMTCGS, a very simple and convenient grading system that can be readily used in any tertiary health care centre. IHC for Ki 67 should mandatorily be done irrespective of the low mitotic activity on the HPE and necrosis should be diligently searched in cases with high-grade nuclear morphology. HG MTC cohorts were associated with poor OS as well as DMFRS.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject new recombinant virus useful for mass production of valuable proteins, vaccines for animals, as e.g. a vector virus, by inserting a nucleic acid sequence nonexistent on a canine herpes virus genome onto the genome. SOLUTION: This new recombinant canine herpes virus is obtained by inserting a nucleic acid sequence nonexistent on a canine herpes virus genome onto a domain having no lethal effect on the viral proliferation on the genome. This virus is useful for the mass production system for valuable proteins and producing vaccines or medicines for animals through its expression, as e.g. a vector virus, in infected cells following linking to an extraneous nucleic acid sequence. Specifically, this recombinant virus is obtained by transferring a recombinant DNA into a canine herpes virus. In this case, the recombinant DNA is prepared by the following process: a genome DNA extracted from a canine herpes virus, the thymidine kinase gene in the genome is cloned, an extraneous nucleic acid sequence is linked to the domain and further bound to e.g. a promoter acting in a eukaryocyte.
FIELD: medicine, veterinary medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of veterinary medicine and biotechnology. The method includes selection of donors, selection of donor blood, holding at room temperature for clotting, separation of blood clot, serum treatment, placing in the refrigerator, checking on harmlessness and activity, packaging into sterile containers. At that a maternal and a closely related group of cattle are used as donors, who previously suffered from viral respiratory-intestinal infections, and the serum is pre-examined for antibodies presence to previously registered pneumoenteritis of viral genesis by raising the reaction of indirect hemagglutination. The blood is then incubated at room temperature for 1 hour and placed in a refrigerator at a temperature of 4-6C for 12-16 hours for complete retraction of blood clot. After checking of serum on harmlessness and activity the tanks are treated outside with 1% solution of "Zhavel-solid", uncorked in a sterile room, filtered, centrifuged and poured into sterile containers. Then the serum is irradiated with ultraviolet rays with a length of 254-256 nm during 1 hour and ozonised in a closed loop mode. ^ EFFECT: method does not use toxic substances, increases accuracy of determining activity of serum and accelerates duration of its preparation, and serum obtained with this method has a high specificity and sterility.
There is in general a focus on misuse of health resources. An increasing amount of guidelines is produced to reduce the variation in treatment of patients with the same diagnosis. Many recommendations are weak but seems though to have considerable impact on in hospital care. The issues to be studied are all grounded on weak clinical evidence. A pilot study confirmed the suspicion of very frequent measurements of blood pressure, glucose, troponin and frequent supplementary CT and MRI. The intention is to study these issues in a larger population including an evaluation of utility of the different examinations and evaluations.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of medicine, namely pathophysiology, obstetrics, perinatalogy, and can be used for estimation of efficiency of treatment of chronic placental insufficiency. For this purpose in experiment in pregnant rats, starting with 10-th day of gestation, daily for 2 hours chronic placental insufficiency is modeled in pressure chamber of flow type in conditions corresponding to height of 6000 metres. Half of the rats are given a subcutaneous injection of medication "Traumel C" every second day in dose 0.2-0.3 ml for 12-13 days. After that, on 23-24 day of pregnancy rats are subjected to euthanasia and morphometric study of fetuses and placentas and histological study of placentas are carried out. If 25 % retarded weight gain in females, 25 % and 17.5 % reduction of respectively fetus and placenta weight with comparison with norm, 2-fold reduction of placenta thickness are determined, development of chronic placental insufficiency is stated. Absence of mentioned above changes at the background of introduction of "Traumel C" medication, testifies to efficiency of performed therapy. ^ EFFECT: method provides possibility to study chronic placental insufficiency under certain conditions of hypoxia modelling, as well as treatment optimisation by using such preparation of natural origin as "Traumel C". ^ 2 tbl
Increasing research points to a decline in the ability to internally regulate pain as a contributing factor to the increased pain susceptibility in aging. This study investigated the connection between pain regulation and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in older adults with chronic pain. We compared functional magnetic resonance imaging rsFC of 30 older adults with chronic pain (69.5 ± 6.58 years, 14 males), 29 pain-free older (70.48 ± 4.60, 15 males), and 30 younger adults (20.0 ± 1.58, 15 males). Pain inhibition and facilitatory capabilities were assessed using conditioned pain modulation (CPM) and temporal summation. Older adults with chronic pain displayed lower pain inhibition during the CPM than pain-free older and younger adults. rsFC analysis showed that older adults with chronic pain, in comparison with younger participants, displayed an abnormal hyperconnectivity between right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left amygdala, which was significantly correlated with lower pain inhibition during the CPM. Older adults with chronic pain displayed higher connectivity between the primary somatosensory cortex and nucleus accumbens than pain-free older adults. Finally, both older adult groups displayed reduced connectivity between brain structures involved in pain inhibition and processing in comparison with younger adults. Altogether, our results suggest that suffering from pain during aging leads to a dysfunction of pain-inhibitory processes, which significantly surpass those caused by normal aging. Furthermore, our results point to a key role of emotional and motivational brain areas, and their interaction with executive and somatosensory areas, in the reduced inhibitory capacity and likely the maintenance of chronic pain in aging. PERSPECTIVE: This study examines the link between reduced pain-inhibition capacity and increased resting-state connectivity between affective, sensory, and executive brain structures in older adults with chronic pain. These findings could inform new pain assessment and treatment programs for this population.
PURPOSE: To provide a pharmaceutical compsn. containing 7-diphenylmethylene bicycloheptane or -heptene which shows an excellent effect for serum lipoproteins and is useful as a hypolipidemic.  
     CONSTITUTION: A bicycloheptane or bicycloheptene carboxylic acid expressed by formula I (A is a single bond or double bond; R 1  is H, Cl, etc.; R 2  is H; R 3  and R 4  are each H, halogen, 1-4C alkyl, 1-4C alkoxy, etc.; wavy lines mean that substituents can be positioned as both of endo and exo forms for the bicyclic part.) is converted into an acid chloride by using a chlorinating agent (e.g. thionyl chloride). Then the acid chloride is allowed to react with an amino to obtain objective compd. expressed by formula II (B is a carbonamine). If necessary, the compd. is reduced into a compd. expressed by formula II with B beige methylene amino. The compd. of formula II is used as an effective component to prepare a drug by an usual method. A deily dose of 1 to 200 mg per is administered. The compd. of formula II is partly new. 
     COPYRIGHT: (C)1989,JPO
Electrical neural oscillations of the brain can be measured at many levels, ranging from single cell to local field potentials in animals, to large-scale synchronized activities in the human scalp. New evidence suggests that there may be common underlying abnormalities in oscillatory activities that are associated with schizophrenia-related cognitive and functional impairments. There is currently no treatment for these electrical oscillation dysfunctions. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) provides a non-invasive means for altering brain electrical neural activity. TMS has been approved by FDA for the treatment of depression and many other mental disorders. It has been used in a wide range of clinical research, especially in neurology and psychiatry. The investigators aim to develop TMS paradigms that will modulate brain responses during basic sensory to more complex cognitive performance and determine the parameters in anatomic locations and TMS modalities that may effectively and safely modulate neural activities. If the current experiments successfully identified TMS methods/paradigms that improve neural oscillation and cognitive performances in schizophrenia patients, in the future (not part of the current protocol), the investigators can then develop specific TMS treatment that may correct abnormal brain function and improve cognition and clinical symptoms of schizophrenia.
PURPOSE: Soluble vascular adhesion protein-1 (sVAP-1) and adropin are 2 biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the levels of sVAP-1 in patients with moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) compared to healthy controls, and to further determine the relationship between sVAP-1 and adropin levels, as well as inflammatory biomarkers and sleep parameters.
METHODS: In this study, we included 50 male patients with OSA (25 moderate and 25 severe) and 20 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Patients with OSA underwent polysomnography. All subjects underwent fasting peripheral blood sampling for laboratory analysis.
RESULTS: Serum sVAP-1 and inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, TNF-α, and hsCRP) levels were significantly higher in patients with severe OSA compared to those with moderate OSA and control groups, while plasma levels of adropin showed the opposite trend. Furthermore, sVAP-1 levels had a significant positive correlation with AHI, ODI, TNF-α, IL-6, and hsCRP levels and a significant negative correlation with adropin levels. The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed an Area Under Curve (AUC) of .876 (P < .001) for sVAP-1 levels predicting OSA. Serum sVAP-1 threshold of > 445.5 ng/mL had an 88% sensitivity and 80% specificity for detecting OSA status. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that sVAP-1 remained a significant positive predictor of OSA severity.
CONCLUSIONS: Increased sVAP-1 levels in OSA patients are significantly correlated with indices of OSA severity, adropin levels, and inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting that sVAP-1 plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of OSA and may become a potential screening tool in the evaluation of OSA severity.
INTRODUCTION: Targeted axillary dissection (TAD) is performed after neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST) to decrease the rate of non-therapeutic axillary dissection (ALND) for patients with node-positive breast cancer. In order to ensure the oncologic safety of TAD, eligibility criteria resulting in a low false negative rate (FNR) have been proposed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of the traditional criteria.
METHODS: Data was collected from a prospective multicenter registry. In order to ascertain FNRs, pathologic findings in the sentinel lymph nodes (LN)s, malignant clipped LN, and axillary contents were determined. The FNRs within TAD eligibility criterion groups were compared.
RESULTS: A total of 110 patients underwent TAD and ALND, and were therefore eligible for analysis. TAD retained a low FNR in advanced clinical T-N stage compared with earlier disease (T stage: 95% CI 0.00-11.93, p = 0.42; N stage: 95% CI 0.00-8.76, p = 0.31). Presentation with ≥4 abnormal LNs on axillary ultrasound did not predict a high TAD FNR (95% CI 0.00-5.37, p = 0.16). No significant differences were noted in TAD FNR when single was compared with dual tracer (blue dye vs dual tracer 95% CI 0.72-52.49, p = 0.13; radiotracer vs dual tracer 0.04-20.11, p = 0.51). Excision of the clipped LN and only one SLN was as accurate as excision of the clipped LN and ≥2 SLNs (95% CI 0.00-10.61, p = 0.38).
CONCLUSIONS: TAD retained a low FNR among patients traditionally considered ineligible for this technique. However, excision of the clipped LN and at least one SLN remained essential to a low FNR.
Prevention of perioperative blood loss is a chief consideration in plastic surgery. Breast reduction mammoplasty (BRM) is one of the most commonly performed procedures in plastic surgery, with over 100,000 performed in the United States in 2019 alone. Postoperative hematomas are among the most frequent complications following BRM, with a reported incidence between 0.3-7% in the literature. Many of these hematomas require blood transfusions and/or urgent surgical evacuation to avoid the consequent wound healing issues arising from increased tension on the closure.

Tranexamic acid (TXA) has emerged in the literature as a promising agent that reduces perioperative blood loss and need for transfusion. TXA is an antifibrinolytic agent that acts by stabilizing clot formation, and may be administered intravenously, orally, or topically. Topical administration of TXA has been shown to be as efficacious as intravenous dosing, though with substantially less systemic absorption. Multiple randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that TXA significantly reduces intraoperative bleeding and need for subsequent blood transfusion, without an increased risk of thromboembolic events. Moreover, TXA has been shown to be cost-effective in the surgical setting, not only by reducing direct hospital costs (drug and blood products), but also by decreasing subsequent costs by shortening length of stay and lowering the incidence of complications. However, the use of TXA in plastic surgery has not been well described.

The investigators propose a prospective, double-blinded randomized controlled study of the efficacy of TXA in patients undergoing BRM. The primary outcome variable will be the rate of hematoma development. The secondary outcome variables will be the incidence of blood transfusion and the incidence of thromboembolic events. The investigators will also collect a broad range of preoperative variables, surgical details, and other characteristics that may impact the perioperative bleeding risk. All patients eligible for reduction mammoplasty between July 1, 2021 and June 30, 2022 will be included in this study. The investigators hypothesize that use of TXA will decrease total perioperative blood loss, hematoma formation, and transfusion rates following reduction mammoplasty without increasing the incidence of thromboembolic events. Better understanding of the effect of TXA in reduction mammoplasty may be of great utility to the field of plastic surgery.
Exercise via mechanical horse-riding simulator; Subjects remained in sitting position for 30 minutes on the simulator during these sessions, with extension of the trunk and stabilization of the pelvis. Feet were placed on the footplates as the simulator produced a rhythmic and repetitive movement similar to a walking horse. The simulator can produce several modes of rhythmic and repetitive motions.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a frequent complication of pregnancy. The specific mechanisms underlying GDM have not yet been fully elucidated. Contemporary research indicates a potential association between liver enzyme irregularities and an increased risk of metabolic disorders, including diabetes. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level is recognized as a sensitive marker of liver injury. An increase in ALT levels is hypothesized to be linked to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and diabetes. Nonetheless, the definitive causal link between ALT levels and GDM still needs to be determined. This investigation utilized two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the genetic causation between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and GDM. We acquired alanine aminotransferase (ALT)-related GWAS summary data from the UK Biobank, Million Veteran Program, Rotterdam Study, and Lifeline Study. Gestational diabetes data were obtained from the FinnGen Consortium. We employed various MR analysis techniques, including inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median, simple, and weighted weighting. In addition to MR-Egger intercepts, Cochrane's Q test was also used to assess heterogeneity in the MR data, and the MR-PRESSO test was used to assess horizontal pleiotropy. To assess the association's sensitivity, a leave-one-out approach was employed. The IVW results confirmed the independent risk factor for GDM development, as indicated by the ALT level (p = .011). As shown by leave-one-out analysis, horizontal pleiotrophy did not significantly skew the causative link (p > .05). Our dual-sample MR analysis provides substantiated evidence of a genetic causal relationship between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and gestational diabetes.
Trigeminal neuropathic pain is emotionally distressing and disabling. It presents with allodynia, hyperalgesia and dysaesthesia. In preclinical models it has been assumed that cephalic nerve constriction injury shows identical molecular, cellular, and sex dependent neuroimmune changes as observed in extra-cephalic injury models. This study sought empirical evidence for such assumptions using the infraorbital nerve chronic constriction model (ION-CCI). We compared the behavioural consequences of nerve constriction with: (i) the temporal patterns of recruitment of macrophages and T-lymphocytes at the site of nerve injury and in the trigeminal ganglion; and (ii) the degree of demyelination and axonal reorganisation in the injured nerve. Our data demonstrated that simply testing for allodynia and hyperalgesia as is done in extra-cephalic neuropathic pain models does not provide access to the range of injury-specific nociceptive responses and behaviours reflective of the experience of trigeminal neuropathic pain. Similarly, trigeminal neuroimmune changes evoked by nerve injury are not the same as those identified in models of extra-cephalic neuropathy. Specifically, the timing, magnitude, and pattern of ION-CCI evoked macrophage and T-lymphocyte activity differs between the sexes.
Control Arm: Study participants attending one of the 4 control arm centers will receive usual diabetes education provided by staff at the site; be provided with free test strips for their blood glucose meters during the 4-week intervention period; given access to the MODD application at the end of the study. Instructions on how to use the MODD will be provided by site staff.
The exercise group will receive a supervised resistive exercise training. Subjects in the exercise group will attend small group-based exercise sessions twice a week for 8 weeks supervised by physiotherapists.
Hypoxia-induced radioresistance reduces the efficacy of radiotherapy for solid malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Cellular hypoxia can confer radioresistance through cellular and tumor micro-environment adaptations. Until recently, studies evaluating radioresistance secondary to hypoxia were designed to maintain cellular hypoxia only before and during irradiation, while any handling of post-irradiated cells was carried out in standard oxic conditions due to the unavailability of hypoxia workstations. This limited the possibility of simulating in vivo or clinical conditions in vitro. The presence of molecular oxygen is more important for the radiotoxicity of low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation (e.g., X-rays) than that of high-LET carbon (12C) ions. The mechanisms responsible for 12C ions' potential to overcome hypoxia-induced radioresistance are currently not fully understood. Therefore, the radioresistance of hypoxic A549 NSCLC cells following exposure to X-rays or 12C ions was investigated along with cell cycle progression and gene expression by maintaining hypoxia before, during and after irradiation. A549 cells were incubated under normoxia (20% O2) or hypoxia (1% O2) for 48 h and then irradiated with X-rays (200 kV) or 12C ions (35 MeV/n, LET ~75 keV/µm). Cell survival was evaluated using colony-forming ability (CFA) assays immediately or 24 h after irradiation (late plating). DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) were analyzed using γH2AX immunofluorescence microscopy. Cell cycle progression was determined by flow cytometry of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-stained cells. The global transcription profile post-irradiation was evaluated by RNA sequencing. When hypoxia was maintained before, during and after irradiation, hypoxia-induced radioresistance was observed only in late plating CFA experiments. The killing efficiency of 12C ions was much higher than that of X-rays. Cell survival under hypoxia was affected more strongly by the timepoint of plating in the case of X-rays compared to 12C ions. Cell cycle arrest following irradiation under hypoxia was less pronounced but more prolonged. DSB induction and resolution following irradiation were not significantly different under normoxia and hypoxia. Gene expression response to irradiation primarily comprised cell cycle regulation for both radiation qualities and oxygen conditions. Several PI3K target genes involved in cell migration and cell motility were differentially upregulated in hypoxic cells. Hypoxia-induced radioresistance may be linked to altered cell cycle response to irradiation and PI3K-mediated changes in cell motility and migration in A549 cells rather than less DNA damage or faster repair.