anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Metastatic melanoma is a difficult-to-treat cancer for which available treatment options are limited and minimally effective. Dacarbazine is currently one of the standard chemotherapy drugs used for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. However, it is associated with low response rates (10-20%) and median survival of less than 12 months (6-11 months in most studies). PI-88 is an antiangiogenic and antimetastatic drug that has already shown some evidence of efficacy when used alone in an intermittent dosage regimen (4 consecutive days per week) in the treatment of patients with advanced melanoma. The FDA has designated PI-88 as an Orphan Drug for this indication, as well as for Stage III and high-risk stage II disease. The aim of this randomised pilot phase II trial is to determine whether PI-88 in combination with a standard regimen of dacarbazine (1000 mg/m2 every 3 weeks) should be considered for further investigation in a larger-scale trial.
PURPOSE: A pharmaceutical composition containing Polygonum multiflorum extract for reducing blood clot is provided to prevent and relieve adult diseases such as heart disease and stroke. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for reducing blood clot contains Polygonum multiflorum ethanol extract as an active ingredient. The ethanol is 70-90% ethanol. A functional food with an activity of reducing blood clot contains the Polygonum multiflorum ethanol extract as an active ingredient. The Polygonum multiflorum extract is contained in 0.02-50 wt% based on total pharmaceutical composition. The pharmaceutical composition is manufactured in the form of powder, granules, tablets, capsules, suspensions, syrup, external use formulation, and suppository.
Patients with Partial-Onset or Primary Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures 

Adults and Pediatric Patients 10 Years of Age and Older 

The effectiveness of topiramate as initial monotherapy in adults and pediatric patients 10 years of age and older with partial onset or primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures was established in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial (Study 1).

Study 1 was conducted in 487 patients diagnosed with epilepsy (6 to 83 years of age) who had 1 or 2 well-documented seizures during the 3-month retrospective baseline phase who then entered the study and received topiramate 25 mg/day for 7 days in an open-label fashion. Forty-nine percent of patients had no prior AED treatment and 17% had a diagnosis of epilepsy for greater than 24 months. Any AED therapy used for temporary or emergency purposes was discontinued prior to randomization. In the double-blind phase, 470 patients were randomized to titrate up to 50 mg/day or 400 mg/day. If the target dose could not be achieved, patients were maintained on the maximum tolerated dose. Fifty-eight percent of patients achieved the maximal dose of 400 mg/day for > 2 weeks, and patients who did not tolerate 150 mg/day were discontinued. The primary efficacy assessment was a between-group comparison of time to first seizure during the double-blind phase. Comparison of the Kaplan-Meier survival curves of time to first seizure favored the topiramate 400 mg/day group over the topiramate 50 mg/day group (Figure 1). The treatment effects with respect to time to first seizure were consistent across various patient subgroups defined by age, sex, geographic region, baseline body weight, baseline seizure type, time since diagnosis, and baseline AED use.

Figure 1

Kaplan-Meier Estimates of Cumulative Rates for Time to First Seizure (Study 1)

Pediatric Patients 2 to 9 Years of Age 

The conclusion that topiramate is effective as initial monotherapy in pediatric patients 2 to 9 years of age with partial onset or primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures was based on a pharmacometric bridging approach using data from the controlled epilepsy trials described in labeling. This approach consisted of first showing a similar exposure response relationship between pediatric patients down to 2 years of age and adults when topiramate was given as adjunctive therapy. Similarity of exposure-response was also demonstrated in pediatric patients 6 to less than 16 years of age and adults when topiramate was given as initial monotherapy. Specific dosing in pediatric patients 2 to 9 years of age was derived from simulations utilizing plasma exposure ranges observed in pediatric and adult patients treated with topiramate initial monotherapy [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)].
The invention provides an application of astaxanthin and a composition in preparing medicine for treating glomerular mesangial lesions. The adopted astaxanthin and composition are of an all-trans-isomer-oriented sinistrality structure, and the medicine is in an oral medication dosage form. Oral absorption promoter can be added or not added in the medicine preparation process of the astaxanthin or derivatives. One kind or any several kinds or all of the oral absorption promoter is added, and the any several kinds or all the oral absorption promoter is added according to any proportion. After the medicine is used by an IgA nephritic patient, it is observed that after the astaxanthin and the composition are taken, 24HUP is remarkably reduced, Scr tends to be increased, eGFR tends to be reduced, and the changes of 24HUP, Scr and eGFR all have statistical significance. After the medicine is adopted, AIba and TG are different in overall data, no change trend is found, and no remarkable change of Tchol or HDL-c or LDL-c is observed.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain esters of a sterol and a stannole in a good yield, which enable a food grade process by directly esterifying a stannole and/or a sterol in the presence of both a color deactivator and a catalyst to separate their ester(s). SOLUTION: (A) (E) Esters of a sterol and/or a stannole each expressed by formula II [R1 is a (ca. 5-25)C carbon chain] is obtained by reacting stannole and/or a sterol each expressed by formula I [R2 is a (ca. 3-15)C carbon chain] with (B) an acid [e.g. a 6-24C poly(unsaturated fatty acid)] in the presence of both (C) a sufficient quantity of a catalyst (e.g. zinc oxide) and (D) a sufficient quantity of a color deactivator (e.g. charcoal, carbon, carbon black or the like). The component A is e.g. a stannole and/or a sterol each expressed by formula III. The component E is e.g. a stannole and/or a sterol octadecadienoate or the like and is expected to be useful for reducing serum cholesterol.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF)-specifically, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)-often coexist, and each contributes to the propagation of the other. This relationship extends from the mechanistic and physiological to clinical syndromes, quality of life, and long-term cardiovascular outcomes. The risk factors for AF and HF overlap and create a critical opportunity to prevent adverse outcomes among patients at greatest risk for either condition. Increasing recognition of the linkages between AF and HF have led to widespread interest in designing diagnostic, predictive, and interventional strategies targeting all aspects of disease, from identifying genetic predisposition to addressing social determinants of health. Advances across this spectrum culminated in updated multisociety guidelines for management of AF, which includes specific consideration of comorbid AF and HF. This review expands on these guidelines by further highlighting relevant clinical trial findings and providing additional context for the evolving recommendations for management in this important and growing population.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention belongs to manufacture of highly dispersed powders of organic medicinal substances and can be used for new medicinal forms preparation. Manufacture method of pharmaceutical composition in form of microencapsulated particles of N-carbamoil-methil-4-phenyl-2-pyrrolidon includes following stages. In the neutral gaseous atmosphere are simultaneously evaporated N-carbamoil-methil-4-phenyl-2-pyrrolidon and non-ionic superficially active substance (SAS). Vapors of both components cocondense on deposition surface. During components' cocondensation, condensation rate vectors of N-carbamoil-methil-4-phenyl-2-pyrrolidon and SAS are directed to the centre of deposition surface. The angle between condensation rate vectors of the components and inclination angle of this angle's bisectrix to deposition surface are 5-170 and 10-90 respectively. Process of microcapsulation can be performed at above zero deposition surface temperature during cocondensation or, in case of deposition surface negative temperature, by heating it up to positive temperature. ^ EFFECT: new method allows to perform one-step manufacture of water-dispersible pharmaceutic composition with narrow range of particles size, not exceeding 1,5 mcm, which, being mixed with water, is able to form fine suspensions and colloidal solutions. ^ 4 cl, 5 dwg, 4 ex
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the hypothesis that a history of PMR is associated with a more severe and damaging disease course in newly diagnosed GCA patients.
METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of GCA patients diagnosed between December 2006 and May 2021. We compared vascular ultrasound findings (presence of vasculitis and vascular stenosis) in GCA patients with and without prior PMR.
RESULTS: Forty-nine of 311 GCA patients (15.8%) had prior PMR in a median of 30.6 (IQR 7.1-67.3) months before GCA diagnosis. Patients with prior PMR more often had large vessel vasculitis (LVV) (51.0% vs 25.0%, P < 0.001) and stenosis within the vasculitic segments (18.4% vs 3.1%, P < 0.001) on ultrasound. In multivariable analysis, prior PMR remained significantly associated with LVV (odds ratio 7.65, 95% CI: 2.72, 23.97, P < 0.001). Polymyalgic symptoms at GCA diagnosis in the patients without prior PMR were not associated with a higher prevalence of LVV (P = 0.156).
CONCLUSION: Patients with a diagnosis of PMR before GCA diagnosis had two times more often large vessel involvement and significant more vasculitic stenoses on ultrasound examination than patients without prior PMR. Pre-existing PMR is an independent risk factor for more extensive and advanced ultrasound findings at GCA diagnosis. The contribution of subclinical vasculitis to disease associated damage should be further studied.
People with more severe asthma suffer from frequent asthma attacks that require regular hospital admissions. These attacks are difficult to predict and can devastate the lives of patients. A new tool is needed that can help to predict when an asthma attack is going to happen. This would help people recognise an attack earlier and allow treatment to be started sooner. This study will evaluate a new breathing monitor, to see whether it can detect asthma attacks. The study tests a new device, called 'N-Tidal C', which uses a method that has the potential to predict when attacks are about to happen. The investigators have found that people with asthma breathe out a gas, called carbon dioxide (CO2), in a different way to healthy people. The pattern of breathing out CO2 (the waveform) changes further when patients are having an attack of their disease. If patients could monitor their CO2, they may recognise when their asthma is getting worse, and take earlier action to avoid attacks getting out of hand and going to hospital.
Lehfilcon A contact lenses worn first, followed by comfilcon A contact lenses, as randomized. Each product will be worn in both eyes on a daily wear basis at least 8 hours a day, 5 days a week, for 30 days. Lenses will be removed nightly for cleaning and disinfection.
PURPOSE:To obtain a medical and dental curable material cured at temp. in the vicinity of the room temp. or bodily temp., made long in a curing time and harmless to a living body, by using a calcium phosphate, which contains alpha-tricalcium phosphate as an essential component, as a main material and using at least one kind of a substance selected from a group consisting of tannin, a tannin derivative and collagen as a curing retarder. CONSTITUTION:A medical and dental curable material is based on a calcium phosphate powder containing alpha-tricalcium phosphate (alpha-TCP) as an essential component and, as a curing retarder, at least one kind of a substance selected from a group consisting of tannin, a tannin derivative and collagen is used. The calcium phosphate powder pref. consists of 60-100wt.% of alpha-TCP and 0-30wt.% of hydroxyapatite (HAp). When alpha-TCP is below 60wt.% of the calcium phosphate powder, the physical strength of a cured substance after kneading is extremely lowered. When alpha-TCP and calcium phosphate other than HAp exceed 10wt.% of the powder, a curing time becomes short and sufficient kneading can not be performed.
PURPOSE: An endostatin recombinant protein having a cell permeability and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same for anti-cancer are provided to suppress migration, proliferation, and penetration of endothelial vascular cells. CONSTITUTION: A cell permeable endostatin recombinant protein is formed by fusing with macromolecule transduction domain(MTD) at one end or both ends of endostatin. The endostatin is a full-length form having an amino acid sequence of sequence number 2. The MTD has an amino acid sequence selected from sequence numbers 3-11. A polynucleotide encoding the cell permeable endostatin recombinant protein has a base sequence of sequence numbers 14, 16, 18, 20. 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, or 40. A pharmaceutical composition for anti-cancer contains the endostatin recombinant protein as an active ingredient and pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
In Europe, CRC is the second most common cause of cancer death, and surgery remains the mainstay curative treatment. Age and frailty are associated with an increased risk of postoperative morbidity and 1-year mortality. Chronological age is not sufficient to assess the risk of postoperative complications. The CGA has been developed to better identify frail patients. Geriatric co-management have been developed to optimize the post-operative outcomes. We analyzed the real-life of geriatric co-management within an ERAS program on surgical outcomes at 90 days and oncologic outcomes at 1 year in patients aged 70 years or older after surgery for CRC. This was a retrospective study based on a prospective cohort. Fifty-one patients with a G8 score ≤ 14 were referred to geriatricians for preoperative CGA (Frail Group). They were compared with 151 patients with a G8 score ≥ 15 (Robust Group). In the Frail Group, patients were significantly older with more comorbidities than the patients in the Robust Group. Oncologic characteristics, treatments and global post-operative outcomes were comparable between the two groups. One year after surgery mortality and recurrence rates were similar between the two groups. Our study suggests that geriatric co-management is feasible and contributes to the reduction of postoperative morbimortality. Moreover, performing the CGA after G8 score screening and completion of geriatric interventions resulted in similar 90-day postoperative outcomes, in frail patients than in robust patients. Our results confirmed the benefit of geriatric co-management, involving G8 screening, CGA, and ERAS, for frail older patients undergoing surgery for CRC.
The invention relates to a pH responsiveness protein-macromolecule combination and a preparing and assembling method thereof. A bovine serum albumin macromolecule atom transfer radical polymerization initiator is synthesized; ATRP polymerization of methacrylic acid diisopropyl amino ethyl ester monomers is triggered; and the pH responsiveness bovine serum albumin-polymethylacrylic acid diisopropyl amino ethyl ester amphipathicity combination is prepared. BSA exists as a hydrophilic part and gives great biocompatibility to the combination. A hydrophobic end PDPA introduced by controllable living polymerization improves the stability of the BSA, so that the protein-macromolecule combination has amphipathicity and pH responsiveness. Self assembling is carried out; pH mediating treating medicine loading is carried out. Under an environment with a low pH value in a tumor microenvironment or a cell endosome, strong protonation happens to the PDPA; loaded medicine is released; the treating effect is effectively improved. The preparing method can achieve PDPA fixed point combination and number controlling.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the frequency of new urologic visits and urologic diagnoses in patients prescribed sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is).
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Records from a multi-state health system between 2014 and 2022 were reviewed to identify patients referred for outpatient urology evaluation within 2 years of diabetes medication prescription. Patients were stratified by the prescription of SGLT-2is or another diabetes medication. Frequency of urology visits within 1-year, urologic diagnoses, and prescriptions to treat lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) were compared. Patients were stratified by whether they had achieved HbA1c goal (≥7% or <7%) following treatment as well as by sex. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine if SGLT-2 use independently predicted outcomes of interest.
RESULTS: 163,827 patients met inclusion criteria. Use of SGLT-2is was associated with a higher frequency of early urologic referral, balanitis/balanoposthitis, overactive bladder, urinary frequency, urgency, and need for LUTS medications in males with HbA1c ≥7%. Females on SGLT-2is with HbA1c ≥7% also had higher rates of urinary incontinence. In those with HbA1c <7%, only balanitis/balanoposthitis and urinary incontinence were higher in the SGLT-2i cohorts for males and females, respectively. Multivariable analysis found SGLT-2i use as predictive of early urology referral, balanitis/balanoposthitis, urinary urgency, frequency, overactive bladder, and need for LUTS medications in males. Multivariable analysis of females demonstrated similar results.
CONCLUSION: SGLT-2is may lead to worse urologic outcomes and increased utilization of urologic care relative to other diabetic medications. Future studies are necessary to identify which patients are at highest risk of adverse urologic outcomes.
A method and software product by which a medical practitioner ( 30 ) is able to obtain verifiable informed consent from a patient ( 32 ) involves the use of a computer system ( 3 ) executing a software product ( 18 ). The software product contains instructions to generate a series of forms on display ( 6 ). Initial forms are used to capture identification details of patient ( 32 ). Patient biometric data, such as retinal, iris, or fingerprint scans may also be captured by means of a biometric device ( 29 ). Software product ( 18 ) further includes instructions to generate a series of question forms about a medical procedure proposed for the patient. The software product is structured so that the patient is restricted from progressing through the series of questions unless a correct answer is elicited at each stage. At the termination of the questioning phase patient ( 32 ) is prompted to reconfirm their identity details. A log of the question session is written to an optical disk ( 28 ) and an informed consent form ( 27 ) printed for signature by the patient ( 32 ). The informed consent form will preferably include an identifier uniquely identifying the optical disk ( 28 ).
Patients with CKD (4 and 5 stages by KDOQI guidelines) underwent MRI to obtain in vivo images of brain anatomy that were subsequently analyzed by the data processing package FreeSurfer (version 5.3). A MRI 6 months after starting haemodialysis will be performed to analyze changes in gray and white matter of the brain.
PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate the ability of the peripheral perfusion index (PPI) to predict reintubation of critically ill surgical patients.
METHODS: This prospective observational study included mechanically ventilated adults who were extubated after a successful spontaneous breathing trial (SBT). The patients were followed up for the next 48 h for the need for reintubation. The heart rate, systolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, peripheral arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), and PPI were measured before-, at the end of SBT, 1 and 2 h postextubation. The primary outcome was the ability of PPI 1 h postextubation to predict reintubation using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify predictors for reintubation.
RESULTS: Data from 62 patients were analysed. Reintubation occurred in 12/62 (19%) of the patients. Reintubated patients had higher heart rate and respiratory rate; and lower SpO2 and PPI than successfully weaned patients. The AUC (95%confidence interval) for the ability of PPI at 1 h postextubation to predict reintubation was 0.82 (0.71-0.91) with a negative predictive value of 97%, at a cutoff value of ≤ 2.5. Low PPI and high respiratory rate were the independent predictors for reintubation.
CONCLUSION: PPI early after extubation is a useful tool for prediction of reintubation. Low PPI is an independent risk factor for reintubation. A PPI > 2.5, one hour after extubation can confirm successful extubation.
PURPOSE: Sepsis is a disease that is typically treated in intensive care units with high mortality and morbidity. Pyroptosis is a newly identified type of programmed cell death and is characterized by inflammatory cytokine secretion. However, the role of pyroptosis in sepsis remains unclear.
METHODS: GSE28750 and GSE134347 datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed pyroptosis genes (DEPGs) were identified between sepsis and healthy controls. Machine learning was used to further narrow the gene range. Receiver operating curves (ROC) were generated to estimate the diagnostic efficacy. Immune infiltration levels were estimated via single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). A network database was used to predict the upstream transcription factors and miRNAs of DEPGs. Finally, the expression of the genes was validated by qRT-PCR between sepsis patients and healthy controls.
RESULTS: We found that the pyroptosis pathway was enriched and activated in sepsis. 8 DEPGs were identified. A heatmap showed that the genes, NLRC4, NAIP, IL-18, AIM2 and ELANE, were abundant in the sepsis samples, and the genes, NLRP1, CHMP7 and TP53, were abundant in the healthy control samples. The ssGSEA results showed that the abundances of activated dendritic cells, MDSC, macrophage, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, regulatory T-cells, and Th17-cells were significantly higher, while the activated B-cell, activated CD8 T-cell, CD56 dim tural killer cell, immature B-cell, monocyte, and T follicular helper cell abundances were lower in sepsis samples compared to healthy controls. The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of NAIP, IL-18, TP53, CHMP7, NLRC4, ELANE and NLRP1 were consistant with the bioinformatic analyses, while the expression level of AIM2 has no significant difference.
CONCLUSION: Our study identified seven potential pyroptosis-related genes, NAIP, IL-18, TP53, CHMP7, NLRC4, ELANE and NLRP1. This study revealed that pyroptosis may promote sepsis development by activating the immune response.
The healthy elderly will be were recruited to participate in this study. All the subjects were independent in basic daily living activities, but at least one or more given assistance in the instrumental IADL assessment (ability to use telephone, shopping, food preparing, housekeeping, laundry, mode of transportation, responsibility for own medications, ability to handle finances). Their age should be ranged between 65 - 81 years.