anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: Oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is becoming widely used in patients with single-segment spinal tuberculosis (STB). The learning curve and complications associated with OLIF for the treatment of STB are still unknown. This study aims to figure out the learning curve and associated complications experience of OLIF for the treatment of STB.
METHODS: Between September 2018 and August 2023, 61 STB patients underwent OLIF plus percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) were consecutively included in this research. Cumulative sum analysis (CUSUM) was applied to establish the learning curve of OLIF and determine the cut-off case number. All cases were divided into learning and experienced groups based on the cut-off case number. Clinical characteristics and relating surgical complications were compared and analyzed between the two groups.
RESULTS: The best-fitting curve was quadratic. The fitting equation was CUSUM (min) = 95.83 + 34.16x - 0.611 x 2 (x means operation case). The cut-off operation case number was 27 cases. The presence of significant differences particularly in the duration of operation, operative blood loss, overall incidence, and severity of postoperative complications was noteworthy between the two groups.
CONCLUSION: A total of 27 cases is the minimum number to master OLIF combined with PPSF for the treatment of patients with single-segment STB. When surgeons master this operation, the operative time, operative blood loss, overall incidence, and severity of postoperative complications will improve.
British Army basic training (BT) is physically demanding with new recruits completing multiple bouts of physical activity each day with limited recovery. Load carriage is one of the most physically demanding BT activities and has been shown to induce acute exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and impair muscle function. Protein supplementation can accelerate muscle recovery by attenuating EIMD and muscle function loss. This study investigated the impact of an additional daily bolus of protein prior to sleep throughout training on acute muscle recovery following a load carriage test in United Kingdom (UK) British Army recruits. A mixed group (men/women) over over 120 new recruits were randomised to dietary control (CON), carbohydrate placebo (PLA), moderate (20g; MOD) or high (60g; HIGH) protein supplementation. Muscle function (maximal jump height), perceived muscle soreness and urinary markers of muscle damage were assessed before (PRE), immediately post (POST), 24-hours post (24h-POST) and 40-hours post (40h-POST) a load carriage test. The underlying aim of this study was to assess whether additional protein intake could attenuate aspects of muscle damage from an acute load carriage test including muscle function, muscle soreness and biomarkers of muscle damage during short term recovery.
A major contributing factor to the rising waist circumference of U.S. young adults is the increase in snacking behavior. Both the frequency of snacking during the day and the percentage of adults who engage in snacking has risen; national data indicates snacking comprises 15-25% of the total daily caloric intake of young and middle-aged adults. Unfortunately, current typical snack items are energy rich, providing high intake of carbohydrates and sugars, as opposed to nuts that are nutrient rich. In prior work with middle-aged adults, the investigators found that consuming tree nuts daily as between-meal snacks for a period of 16 weeks significantly reduced intra-abdominal (visceral) fat and waist circumference, which was associated with altered plasma fatty acid profiles and higher fatty acid oxidation rates. Based on prior findings, the investigators propose to determine whether consuming mixed tree nuts as replacement for typical high carbohydrate snacks reduces abdominal obesity and waist circumference in millennials at risk for MetS. The overarching hypothesis, based on significant preliminary data, is that the quantity and metabolic function of abdominal fat is a key intermediary factor by which greater tree nut consumption reduces ectopic lipid storage (including the accumulation of intra-abdominal \[visceral\] fat), improves fatty acid and lipoprotein metabolism, reduces systemic inflammation and insulin resistance, and thus, reduces risk for MetS in millennial-generation age individuals. The hypothesis will be tested by determining: 1) the effect of consuming mixed tree nuts as daily snacks for 16 weeks on waist circumference and the quantity of abdominal fat (subcutaneous and visceral fat); 2) the effect of consuming mixed tree nuts as daily snacks for 16 weeks on circulating fatty acid profiles, glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, circulating lipids and lipoproteins, and circulating markers of inflammation; and 3) the effect of consuming mixed tree nuts as daily snacks for 16 weeks on abdominal tissue expression of genes that regulate inflammation, insulin resistance, and cardiometabolic mediators of MetS risk.
Methods for inactivating matrix metalloproteinases in a vertebrate cell are disclosed. The methods comprise administering to the cell an agent which causes increased endocytosis of the matrix metalloproteinase. Methods for treating vertebrates with disorders mediated by matrix metalloproteinases are also disclosed. These methods comprise administering the above-described agents to the vertebrate. Also disclosed is the use of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, also known as statins, as an agent which causes increased endocytosis of matrix metalloproteinases. Assays for determining whether an agent is effective in treating a disorder are also disclosed. These assays comprise testing the agent for activity in increasing endocytosis of a matrix metalloproteinase which mediates the disorder.
Participants in this group will be placed on a diet that is prescribed a 25% reduction from maintenance calories (calories to maintain current body weight) with a dietary protein intake of 1.2 g of protein/kg body mass and remaining calories split evenly between fat and carbohydrate. Participants will adhere to a 25% caloric deficit daily and on every 7th day they will eat their maintenance calories known as a "diet refeed" and then on the 3rd week they will take a "diet break" of eating their Maintenance calories for 7 days.
A gingival retraction material and method of fabrication. The material comprises a carrying medium, retraction medium, and an anti-evaporation component. Preferably the carrying and retraction media are a clay such as kaolin, and the anti-evaporation component is glycerin. Additional components may be added to the material such as aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, ferric subsulfate, styptics, haemostatic agents, coagulants coloring and flavoring. The material may be packaged in a kit with components to apply the material. Further disclosed is the method for making the material. Also disclosed is a delivery system for medication that includes a carrying medium, anti-evaporation component and a medication.
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process that plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and its impairment has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various metabolic diseases including obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This review synthesizes the current evidence from human studies on autophagy alterations under these metabolic conditions. In obesity, most data point to autophagy upregulation during the initiation phase of autophagosome formation, potentially in response to proinflammatory conditions in the adipose tissue. Autophagosome formation appears to be enhanced under hyperglycemic or insulin-resistant conditions in patients with T2D, possibly acting as a compensatory mechanism to eliminate damaged organelles and proteins. Other studies have proposed that prolonged hyperglycemia and disrupted insulin signaling hinder autophagic flux, resulting in the accumulation of dysfunctional cellular components that can contribute to β-cell dysfunction. Evidence from patients with MASLD supports autophagy inhibition in disease progression. Nevertheless, given the available data, it is difficult to ascertain whether autophagy is enhanced or suppressed in these conditions because the levels of autophagy markers depend on the overall metabolism of specific organs, tissues, experimental conditions, or disease duration. Owing to these constraints, determining whether the observed shifts in autophagic activity precede or result from metabolic diseases remains challenging. Additionally, autophagy-modulating strategies are shortly discussed. To conclude, more studies investigating autophagy impairment are required to gain a more comprehensive understanding of its role in the pathogenesis of obesity, T2D, and MASLD and to unveil novel therapeutic strategies for these conditions.
A gold salt of a mercapto compound in which two molecules of the mercapto compound is combined with one atom of gold, is prepared by mixing a solution of an ionizable gold compound with a dimercapto compound to form a soluble product at a pH of at least 7, and preferably 9 to 11.  The gold compound may be isolated by evaporating the gold solution to dryness in vacuo and extracting the gold compound from the solid so formed with acetone. Preferred dimercapto compounds are 2,3-dimercaptopropanol and 2,3-dimercaptopropionic acid; other suitable dithiols are 2,3-dimercapto ethyl ether, aromatic o-dithiols, especially phenyl ethane dithiol-1,2 and 1,2-dimercapto-benzene, and aliphatic dithiols which contain at least three carbon atoms and have the -SH attached to vicinal carbon atoms. The gold mercapto compound is soluble in water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, propylene glycol and methyl acetamide.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also gold salts of aliphatic dithiols of general formula <FORM:0662015/IV (b)/1> p where R=aliphatic chain of up to 17 carbon atoms; Z=-OH, -COOH, -COO alkyl, -CH3 or a glucose radical.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
PURPOSE:The titled inhibitor capable of being orally administered, having low side effects and improved stability, containing an extract of krill with an organic solvent as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:An inhibitor of blood platelet aggregation containing an extract of krill with an organic solvent as an active ingredient. The extract is obtained by adding krill to an organic solvent such as chloroform, etc., stirring it preferably at 15-60 deg.C for 2-24hr and filtering. The extract can be directly used as it is, or concentrated or dried and used and further a phospholipid fraction can be collected from the extract. To collect the phospholipid fraction, the extract is concentrated, dripped little by little in to a large amount of cold acetone and the phospholipid fraction is precipitated. A dose is 1-20g/day calculated as phospholipid, the inhibitor is preferably administered orally and the dose can be increased depending upon symptoms.
Systems and methods for predicting a risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) from one or more fundus images are disclosed. Fundus images associated with an individual are processed to determine whether fundus images are of sufficient quality. The fundus images of sufficient quality are processed to identify fundus images belonging to a single eye. A plurality of risk contributing factor sets of CNNs (RCF CNN) are configured to output an indicator of probability of the presence of a different risk contributing factor in each of the one or more fundus images. At least one of the RCF CNNs is configured in a jury system model having a plurality of jury member CNNs, each being configured to output a probability of a different feature in the one or more fundus images. The outputs of the jury member CNNs are processed to determine the indicator of probability of the presence of the risk contributing factor output by the RCF CNN. An individual feature vector is produced based on meta-information for the individual, and the outputs of the RCF CNNs. The individual feature vector is processed using a CVD risk prediction neural network model to output a prediction of overall CVD risk for the individual. The model is configured to determine a relative contribution of each of the risk contributing factors to the prediction of overall CVD risk. The overall CVD risk is reported, together with the relative contribution of each of the risk contributing factors to the overall CVD risk.
A close anatomical and physiological relationship is known between the senses of hearing and balance, while an additional pathophysiological interaction is supposed. The mechanisms underlying this association are not yet fully understood, especially in individuals without a known specific otologic disorder. In particular, only scarce information on the combined occurrence of audiovestibular sensory impairment is available so far. Therefore, this study aims to provide further insight into the prevalence and co-prevalence of the audiovestibular symptoms hearing loss, tinnitus and dizziness. Additionally, the influence of potential risk factors from lifestyle habits as well as cardiovascular and metabolic conditions on the development of those symptoms is studied. Data was analyzed from 8134 individuals from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). SHIP pursues a broad and comprehensive examination program in chronologically separated cohorts with longitudinal follow-up. Cohorts are sampled from Western Pomerania, a rural region of north-eastern Germany. The study population represents a cross-sectional analysis from the cohorts SHIP-START (recruited 1997-2001) and SHIP-TREND (recruited 2008-2012), sampled for baseline investigations (SHIP-START-0 and SHIP-TREND-0) at the age of 20-79 years. Audiovestibular symptoms as outcome variables were assessed by structured questionnaires. Additionally, individuals were comprehensively characterized regarding modifiable lifestyle factors as well as cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, allowing the assessment of their role as exposure variables. We calculated a weighted prevalence of 14.2% for hearing loss, 9.7% for tinnitus, and 13.5% for dizziness in the population. Prevalence increased with age and differed among the sexes. A considerable share of 28.0% of the investigated individuals reported more than one symptom at once. The prevalence of hearing loss as well as tinnitus increased between the two cohorts. A moderate positive correlation was found between the occurrence of hearing loss and tinnitus (phi-coefficient 0.318). In multivariable regression analyses, education was identified as a significant protective factor while only smoking was significantly associated with all three symptoms. Furthermore, several cardiovascular risk factors contributed to both hearing loss and dizziness. In conclusion, audiovestibular symptoms are highly prevalent in the investigated population. A considerable but complex influence of risk factors points towards a relation with neuronal as well as cardiovascular disease processes. To clarify the underlying mechanisms, the interaction between the senses of hearing and balance as well as the mode of action of the risk factors should be evaluated in more detail in the future.
If DTG Cτ is reduced by more than 50% in Part 1, Part 2 will be carried out where a second cohort of subjects will receive DTG 50mg q24h DTG for 5 days in Period 1 followed by DTG 50mg q24h in combination with prednisone 20mg for 5 days followed by a 5 day taper (20 mg Days 1-5, 10 mg Days 6 and 7, 5 mg Days 8-10 - total duration of 10 days) in Period 2. There will be a screening visit 30 days before the first dose and a follow-up visit 7-14 days after the last dose of drug.
Provided herein are methods and compositions for the treatment of metabolic disorders. Also provided herein are methods and compositions for the reduction of blood glucose level, the reduction of gluceoneogenesis, the improvement of insulin resistance and the reduction of plasma cholesterol level. In certain embodiments, the methods comprise inhibiting the activity of miR-103. In certain embodiments, the methods comprise inhibiting the activity of miR-107. In certain embodiments, the activity of both miR-103 and miR-107 is inhibited. In certain embodiments, such methods comprise administering a compound comprising an oligonucleotide targeted to a microRNA.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the association between number of prenatal care visits and adverse perinatal outcome among pregnant individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD).
STUDY DESIGN: This is a retrospective cohort of singleton, nonanomalous pregnancies complicated by OUD that delivered from January 2015 to July 2020 at our academic medical center. Primary outcome was the presence of composite adverse perinatal outcome, defined as one or more of the following: stillbirth, placental abruption, perinatal death, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, need for morphine treatment, and hyperbilirubinemia. Logistic and linear regression estimated the association between the number of prenatal care visits and the presence of adverse perinatal outcome. A Mann-Whitney U test evaluated the association between number of prenatal care visits and length of hospital stay for the neonate.
RESULTS: A total of 185 patients were identified, of which 35 neonates required morphine treatment for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome. During pregnancy, most individuals were treated with buprenorphine 107 (57.8%), whereas 64 (34.6%) received methadone, 13 (7.0%) received no treatment, and 1 (0.5%) received naltrexone. The median number of prenatal care visits was 8 (interquartile range: 4-10). With each additional visit per 10 weeks of gestational age, the risk of adverse perinatal outcome decreased by 38% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.451-0.854). The need for neonatal intensive care and hyperbilirubinemia also significantly decreased with additional prenatal visits. Neonatal hospital stay decreased by a median of 2 days (95% CI: 1-4) for individuals who received more than the median of eight prenatal care visits.
CONCLUSION: Pregnant individuals with OUD who attend fewer prenatal care visits experience more adverse perinatal outcome. Future research should focus on barriers to prenatal care and interventions to improve access in this high-risk population.
KEY POINTS: · Use of prenatal care affects newborn outcomes.. · More prenatal care shortens neonatal hospital stay.. · Prenatal care reduces certain adverse outcomes..
Among adolescents in the Juvenile Justice System (JJS), an estimated 3% have a psychotic illness, and it can be reasonably assumed that many more experience subthreshold psychotic-spectrum symptoms that may be indicative of risk. Evidence suggests that as many as 25% of those with first episode psychosis (FEP) have their first contact with care through criminal justice agencies. Duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), a negative prognostic factor, has been shown to be longer among those within the criminal justice system. This suggests that youth with psychotic symptoms who end up in the JJS may not receive appropriate mental health care. This study will first track mental health referrals for JJ youth with psychosis-spectrum symptoms in Phase 1, a standard care condition, and then an enhanced referral and linkage to care model will be investigated in Phase 2 of the study.

The current study will be conducted in the Rhode Island Family Court Juvenile Intake Department where all youth receive a mental health screen (Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument - 2nd Ed; MAYSI -2). All youth who screen positive on the MAYSI-2 Thought Disturbance scale, and a second gate screening with the Prodromal Questionnaire - Brief Version (PQ-B), will be given referral information for Coordinated Specialty Care (CSC) services by JJS staff. Enrolled families will also participate in the research assessment, regardless of whether they pursue the CSC referral, which involves the Structured Interview for Psychosis-risk Syndromes \[SIPS\] and other measures to thoroughly assess history of psychotic symptoms, comorbid difficulties, and mental health care engagement. A comparison sample of youth who screen negative on the MAYSI-2 Thought Disturbance subscale will also be assessed with the SIPS to determine accuracy of the MAYSI-2/PQ-B screen in the identification of psychosis-risk. During the first phase of the study, JJS staff will follow standard procedures in referring youth to the state CSC. In the second phase of the study, JJS will be instructed in an enhanced referral/linkage to care protocol, including a "warm hand-off" where referrals will be put in direct and immediate contact with CSC staff. CSC staff will also be trained in procedures to increase the likelihood of follow through with the referral to the CSC. Three month follow-up qualitative interviews and quantitative assessments regarding referral pathways, bottlenecks and gaps in care, youth psychiatric symptoms, and JJS contacts will be conducted. This design maps onto the stated goals of PAR 16- 264 including: 1) Identify baseline rates of DUP within the JJS (and the investigators will also look at rates of psychosis-spectrum symptoms and disorders); 2) Map referral pathways to CSC; 3) Identify implementation and service level factors that create bottlenecks and gaps in linkage to the CSC; 4) Investigate the relationship between treatment linkage and psychotic symptoms/DUP; and, 5) Pilot test feasible strategies for reducing DUP.
Background: Although numerous studies have reported that obesity in adolescents is related to shorter sleep duration, few studies have reported the effect of sleep timing, particularly early wake-up time, on obesity. Objectives: To investigate the association between wake-up time and adolescent obesity. Methods: Using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VII data, 1301 middle school and high school students were selected and grouped according to BMI. Sleep timing and lifestyle factors were evaluated using self-reported questionnaires. Results: The mean bedtime and wake-up time were 00:09 am and 07:06 am, respectively. Despite similar bedtimes, the group with overweight/obesity woke up earlier than the group with underweight/normal weight. The BMI z-score and the overweight/obesity relative risk decreased as the wake-up time was delayed, even after adjustment for covariates. Participants who woke up before 06:50 am had a 1.82-fold higher risk of having overweight/obesity than those who woke up after 07:30 am. Participants who woke up late tended to sleep longer than those who woke up early. Conclusions: Waking up early is significantly associated with an increased BMI z-score in adolescents and may be a risk factor for overweight/obesity.
The development of secondary ocular infection has occurred after use of combinations containing corticosteroids and antimicrobials. Fungal and viral infections of the cornea are particularly prone to develop coincidentally with long-term applications of a corticosteroid. The possibility of fungal invasion must be considered in any persistent corneal ulceration where corticosteroid treatment has been used (see WARNINGS).

Local irritation on instillation has also been reported.

If signs and symptoms fail to improve after two days, the patient should be re-evaluated (see PRECAUTIONS).

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Bausch & Lomb Incorporated at 1-800-553-5340 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
The present invention relates to a skin whitening composition comprising ?- mangostin or a cosmetically acceptable salt thereof as an effective ingredient. ? - Mangostin of the present invention suppresses the expression of tyrosinase and TRP-1 (tyrosinase-related protein-1) and induces autophagy of a melasosome. As such, it was confirmed that -mangostin of the present invention not only suppresses melanin production but also exhibits the effect of removing previously formed melanin. Accordingly, ? -mangostin of the present invention can be advantageously used as a functional material for skin whitening and skin lightening.