anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The fresh seeds obtained from the fresh fruits of  Garcinia subelliptica , were extracted with chloroform at room temperature. The CHCl 3  extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford a brown residue. This residue was subjected to column chromatography (silica gel) and eluted with appropriate solvent system to give two phloroglucinol derivatives (Compounds 1 and 4). Compound 1 exhibited potent inhibitory effects on the release of β-glucuronidase and lysozyme from rat neutrophils stimulated with formyl-Met-Leu-Phe(fMLP)/cyto-chalasin B (CB). Compound 1 also exhibited potent inhibitory effect on the superoxide anion generation in rat neutrophils stimulated with fMLP/CB. Compound 4 exhibited potent inhibitory effect on NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-activation in N9 cells. These Compounds may be developed as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer agent, cure for ageing, and Alzheimer's disease treatment drugs.
New method for continuous production of an inhalable medicament comprises: (A) segmenting a drug solution using a segmenter and a transport medium; (B) carrying out crystallization in a holding region at defined temperature; and (C) separating the crystals from the supernatant in separator after passing through the holding region. New method for continuous production of an inhalable medicament comprises: (1) segmenting a drug solution using a segmenter and a transport medium; (2) carrying out crystallization in a holding region at defined temperature, by firstly inducing seed formation by a sudden reduction in temperature (such that the solution reaches a supersaturated, metastable or labile state) then causing crystal growth by targeted cooling; and (3) separating the crystals from the supernatant in separator after passing through the holding region. Independent claims are also included for: (a) a microreactor for carrying out the process, consisting of a micromixer, a segmenter and a holding region, where: the dimensions of the micromixer for distribution of the supplied fluids to be mixed are 10-1000 (preferably 25-200) Microm; the dimensions of the channel of the segmenter are 0.1-5 (preferably 0.2-5) mm; and the holding region is a tube, pipe or channel of diameter 0.5-10 (preferably 1-2) mm and length 0.1-200 (preferably 1-25) m; and (b) an inhalable medicament having an aerodynamic diameter of less than 20 (preferably 0.3-5) Microm, obtained by the process. ACTIVITY : Antiallergic; Anticholinergic. No biological data available. MECHANISM OF ACTION : beta -Sympathetic mimetic. No biological data available.
SD-809 tablets dose starting at 6 mg twice a day (BID) and titrated over 4 weeks to 18 mg BID. The total daily dose of 36 mg was maintained for an additional 8 weeks.
Environmental interventions that address the high availability of unhealthy snacks in the environment are needed to prevent a large projected increase in the incidence of obesity and cardiometabolic disease in the U.S. Prior studies from the investigators group and others suggests that the human preference for immediate gratification from food drives dietary overconsumption, but this knowledge has not yet translated to more effective dietary intervention strategies. This project tests whether a novel snack vending machine system that uses brief time delays to reduce the immediacy of reward from unhealthy snacks will improve the healthfulness of snack choices. This study uses an experimental design to compare brief time delays, two forms of 25% differential pricing, and time delays combined with both forms of 25% differential pricing on their ability to increase purchasing of healthy snacks. Test machines will be placed in existing, high-volume vending locations, and each of these five experimental conditions will run for roughly four weeks. Additionally, baseline purchasing under no intervention will be monitored for four weeks before and four weeks after the five experimental conditions. Specific Aim 2 compares the effects of these five interventions against baseline on the proportion of total vending sales from healthy snacks. Specific Aim 3 tests whether time delays or differential pricing harm overall vending machine sales in the test machines. This study not only tests a compelling theory about the effects of time delays and immediate reward on food choice, but evaluates the efficacy and feasibility of a novel intervention to improve the healthfulness of snack choices in worksites, schools, and other settings.
Cerebral stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide. Restoring the cerebral circulation following a period of occlusion and subsequent tissue oxygenation leads to reperfusion injury. Cerebral ischemic reperfusion (I/R) injury triggers immune and inflammatory responses, apoptosis, neuronal damage, and even death. However, the cellular function and molecular mechanisms underlying cerebral I/R-induced neuronal injury are incompletely understood. By integrating proteomic, phosphoproteomic, and transcriptomic profiling in mouse hippocampi after cerebral I/R, we revealed that the differentially expressed genes and proteins mainly fall into several immune inflammatory response-related pathways. We identified that Annexin 2 (Anxa2) was exclusively upregulated in microglial cells in response to cerebral I/R in vivo and oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) in vitro. RNA-seq analysis revealed a critical role of Anxa2 in the expression of inflammation-related genes in microglia via the NF-κB signaling. Mechanistically, microglial Anxa2 is required for nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit of NF-κB and its transcriptional activity upon OGD/R in BV2 microglial cells. Anxa2 knockdown inhibited the OGD/R-induced microglia activation and markedly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Interestingly, conditional medium derived from Anxa2-depleted BV2 cell cultures with OGD/R treatment alleviated neuronal death in vitro. Altogether, our findings revealed that microglia Anxa2 plays a critical role in I/R injury by regulating NF-κB inflammatory responses in a non-cell-autonomous manner, which might be a potential target for the neuroprotection against cerebral I/R injury.
PURPOSE:To obtain a cosmetic having excellent light resistance and improved durability of make-up, not changing in color even by exposure to sunlight, ultraviolet rays, etc., containing colored powder prepared by coating the surface of nylon 6, etc., having a water-soluble dyestuff adsorbed on the powder with a silicone. CONSTITUTION:A water-soluble dyestuff is adsorbed on nylon 6 powder and/or cellulose acetate powder to give colored powder. The surface of the powder is coated with a silicone to give colored powder, which is added to a cosmetic base to give a cosmetic. The nylon 6 powder and the cellulose acetate powder have 0.1-1,000mu particle diameter and the particulate shape may be any shape such as indeterminate form, spherical form or granular form. The water-soluble dyestuff may be natural or synthetic one and in the case of the synthetic dyestuff, a tar dyestuff which is prescribed by Ministry of Health and Welfare and water-soluble maybe used. The amount of the silicone based on the colored powder is preferably 0.1-10wt.% and the amount of the colored powder in the cosmetic is 0.1-100wt.%.
NEW MATERIAL:A coumarin derivative shown by the formula I (R is group shown by the formula II or formula III). USE:Useful as a drug having antiallergic actions. PROCESS:Cnidii monnieri fructus is extracted conventionally with an extraction solvent such as an alcohol to give an extracted essence, this extracted essence is fractionated by column chromatography in combination with thin layer chromatography to give a compound shown by the formula I . In a concrete preparation example, Cnidii monnieri fructus of China growth on the market is coarsely powdered, soaked in 50wt% warm aqueous solution of methanol to give a methanol essence. The essence is shaked with water-n-butanol, components transferred to the n-butanol layer are subjected to column chromatography using silica gel as an adsorbent and benzene: acetone of (50:1) 5:1 as an eluting solvent, and fractionated by thin layer chromatography using benzene or acetone as a developing solvent. The prepared fraction II is fractionated by thin layer chromatography to give a compound shown by the formula I .
PURPOSE: To treat and/or decrease re-perfusion damage by dosing a patient with reagents for stimulating intracellular glutathione synthesis. CONSTITUTION: The patient is enternally dosed with the reagents, such as L-2- oxothiazoline-4-carboxylate and glutathione esters. The dosage is 5 to 500 mg/kg/day of the reagents. The glutathione limits the oxidative damage which gives rise to the tissue necrosis in the re-perfusion damage. The intracellular glutathione is capable of decreasing lipid peroxide, hydroperoxide and other active oxygen species. The compsn. limits the re-perfusion damage when the compsn. is used for the heart attack, during the attack or after the attack. Further, the compsn. prevents an unexpected ischemia event when the compsn. is used before a heart bypassing operation or angioplasty, etc.
INTRODUCTION: Abnormalities in the maternal immune system and insufficient gestational immune tolerance may significantly contribute to the development of preeclampsia (PE). The NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) functions as a pattern recognition receptor that identifies pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine that modulates the immune response. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the impact of NLRP3 and IL-4 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphisms on susceptibility to PE.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1,018 patients with PE and 1,007 normal pregnant women were recruited as the case group and the control group, respectively. Peripheral blood DNA was extracted, and NLRP3 and IL-4 VNTR polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction and gel electrophoresis. Genotypes and allele frequencies of pregnant women were assessed in both cohorts.
RESULTS: The NLRP3 VNTR 9-7 genotype in the PE group was significantly lower than that in the control group, but 9 and 14 allele frequencies were significantly higher in patients with PE. Individuals with IL-4 VNTR genotypes 1-2 had a lower risk of PE than controls, and the IL-4 VNTR 2 allele frequency was significantly lower in patients with PE.
CONCLUSIONS: This study, the first of its kind in the literature, evaluates the impact of NLRP3 VNTR and IL-4 VNTR polymorphisms on PE, revealing a significant correlation with PE susceptibility. This investigation contributes to understanding the pathogenesis of PE and provides a reference point for developing strategies to prevent and treat the disease in the future.
Described herein are various systems, methods, and apparatus for systematic creation of isolated homogeneous colonies of cells from vector-based lineages. The vector-based lineages may originate from multiple types of viral vector families (e.g., Paramyxoviridae, Retroviridae, Parvoviridae) or non-natural engineered vectors or a plurality of vector combinations, for example. In certain embodiments, the isolated homogeneous colonies of cells are vector-free sub-colonies; in other embodiments, the isolated homogeneous colonies of cells are homogeneous vector sub-colonies. In other embodiments, vector mixed sub-colonies are created. The disclosed systems, methods, and apparatus are useful for inducible pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) production and work by selectively binding to one or more corresponding protein markers expressed on the surface of a cell that indicate that cellular reprogramming has occurred. Software is used to automate the purification and isolation of the iPSCs produced.
The invention provides the compound or its salt that following general formula (1) represents. R 1 Represent halogen atom etc.; R 2 And R 3 Represent hydrogen atom etc.; R 4 And R 5 Represent hydrogen atom etc., or R 4 And R 5 Also can form oxo base; R a And R b Expression can have substituent low alkyl group etc., or also bonding and form can be by one or more R c The nitrogen heterocyclic ring replacing; R c Expression can have substituent aryl etc.; Ring A represents phenyl ring etc.; M represents 0,1 or 2.
The primary aim of this study is to assess the value of antioxidant intake on the pregnancy rate in IVF/ICSI (invitro-fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection) cycles in poor responders. when the participants fulfill the eligibility criteria, informed consent will be taken. Block randomization will be done and the patients are allocated to one of two groups. The first group will take the antioxidant tablet daily orally for one month before the IVF/ICSI cycle. the other group will take placebo following the same regimen as the study group. Antagonist protocol will be done for all participants. Ovum pick up will be done under general anesthesia when one or more oocytes reaches 17 mm. The researchers will do embryo transfer on day 2 or 3 after ovum pickup. pregnancy test will be in blood after 2 weeks of embryo transfer.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject substance known as an antiinflammatory analgesic as a crystal without using an organic solvent as a recrystallization, by maintaining the liquid temperature of an aqueous solution of a mofezolac metal salt such as mofezolac sodium salt in a specific temperature range and adding an acid. SOLUTION: 3,4-Di(p-methoxyphenyl)-5-methylisoxazole is reacted with n- butyllithium and carbon dioxide gas to give a mixture, to which water is added. A water layer is collected and treated with a metal chlorinating agent such as sodium chloride to give an aqueous solution of a mofezolac metal salt. The liquid temperature of the aqueous solution is maintained at 65-90 deg.C and an acid in an amount equal to or a little more amount than that of the metal salt is dripped to the aqueous solution to give a cubic crystal of mofezolac having 146 deg.C melting point. The acid concentration is about 1-50%. In the case in which the liquid temperature is 25-65 deg.C to give a needle-like crystal having 126 deg.C melting point. The crystals has the same medicinal effects.
The (patho-)physiological responses to hypoxia are highly heterogeneous between individuals. In this review, we focused on the roles of sex differences, which emerge as important factors in the regulation of the body's reaction to hypoxia. Several aspects should be considered for future research on hypoxia-related sex differences, particularly altitude training and clinical applications of hypoxia, as these will affect the selection of the optimal dose regarding safety and efficiency. There are several implications, but there are no practical recommendations if/how women should behave differently from men to optimise the benefits or minimise the risks of these hypoxia-related practices. Here, we evaluate the scarce scientific evidence of distinct (patho)physiological responses and adaptations to high altitude/hypoxia, biomechanical/anatomical differences in uphill/downhill locomotion, which is highly relevant for exercising in mountainous environments, and potentially differential effects of altitude training in women. Based on these factors, we derive sex-specific recommendations for mountain sports and intermittent hypoxia conditioning: (1) Although higher vulnerabilities of women to acute mountain sickness have not been unambiguously shown, sex-dependent physiological reactions to hypoxia may contribute to an increased acute mountain sickness vulnerability in some women. Adequate acclimatisation, slow ascent speed and/or preventive medication (e.g. acetazolamide) are solutions. (2) Targeted training of the respiratory musculature could be a valuable preparation for altitude training in women. (3) Sex hormones influence hypoxia responses and hormonal-cycle and/or menstrual-cycle phases therefore may be factors in acclimatisation to altitude and efficiency of altitude training. As many of the recommendations or observations of the present work remain partly speculative, we join previous calls for further quality research on female athletes in sports to be extended to the field of altitude and hypoxia.
Process for recovering glycofrangulins from crude plant material, esp. the dried bark of the alder buckthorn (Rhamnus frangula L.) comprises extracting the material with a solvent mixt. of (i) a 1-3C alcohol and (ii) a 3-6C aliphatic or cyclic oxo and/or oxido cpd.; removing impurities from the extract by adsorption onto an activated polyamide; treating the purified soln. with a non-aqueous, esp. methanolic, soln. of an alkali hydroxide to produce a salt which is then treated with an acid or ion-exchanger, and solvent removed from the final product in the usual manner. Extract is a mild laxative. Process gives a purer product (90-95% consisting of molecules having at least 2 sugar residues bound to emodin) than prior art processes. Extraction solvent has excellent selectivity; most of the impurities (which are foul smelling and cause undesirable side effects) are irreversibly bound to the polyamide, and the process is suitable for large scale operation.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that mostly affects joints. Although RA therapy has made significant progress, difficulties including extensive medication metabolism and its quick clearance result in its inadequate bioavailability. The anti-inflammatory effect of zein was reported with other medications, but it has certain limitations. There are reports on the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of aescin, which exhibits low bioavailability for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Also, the combinatorial effect of zein with other effective drug delivery systems is still under investigation for the treatment of experimental collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis. The focus of this study was to formulate and define the characteristics of zein-coated gelatin nanoparticles encapsulated with aescin (Ze@Aes-GNPs) and to assess and contrast the therapeutic effectiveness of Ze@Aes-GNPs towards collagen-induced RA in Wistar rats. Nanoprecipitation and the layer-by-layer coating process were used to fabricate Ze@Aes-GNPs and their hydrodynamic diameter was determined to be 182 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to further validate the size, shape, and surface morphology of Ze@Aes-GNPs. When tested against foreskin fibroblasts (BJ), these nanoparticles demonstrated significantly high cytocompatibility. Both Aes and Ze@Aes-GNPs were effective in treating arthritis, as shown by the decreased edoema, erythema, and swelling of the joints, between which Ze@Aes-GNPs were more effective. Further, it was demonstrated that Aes and Ze@Aes-GNPs reduced the levels of oxidative stress (articular elastase, lipid peroxidation, catalase, superoxide dismutase and nitric oxide) and inflammatory indicators (TNF-α, IL-1β and myeloperoxidase). The histopathology findings further demonstrated that Ze@Aes-GNPs considerably reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells at the ankle joint cartilage compared to Aes. Additionally, immunohistochemistry examination showed that treatment with Ze@Aes-GNPs suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory markers (COX-2 and IL-6) while increasing the expression of SOD1. In summary, the experiments indicated that Aes and Ze@Aes-GNPs lowered the severity of arthritis, and critically, Ze@Aes-GNPs showed better effectiveness in comparison to Aes. This suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation was likely driven by Aes and Ze@Aes-GNPs.
The present invention provides a technology with which it is possible to appropriately process biological information of a to-be-measured subject in a subject-independent manner. The biological information processing apparatus of one embodiment of the present invention is provided with a storage device, a deduction unit, an acquisition unit, and a correction unit. The storage device stores biological information of a specific subject being measured, over a unit time span including a plurality of periods. The deduction unit deduces, on the basis of the stored biological information of the specific subject being measured, variability characteristics of said biological information. The acquisition unit acquires the biological information of the specific subject being measured, together with information representing the periods in which the biological information has been measured. The correction unit corrects the acquired biological information of the specific subject being measured, on the basis of the deduced variability characteristics and the information representing the measurement periods acquired together with the biological information.
The investigators have used an established HEDIS (Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set) metric to evaluate Urgent Care and QuickCare clinicians on their antibiotic use for respiratory tract diagnoses (RTDs). This RTD metric excludes visits that are more complicated, based on well-defined criteria. Based on our baseline assessment (2018-2022), the investigators estimate that most clinicians in this setting are frequently prescribing unnecessary antibiotics.

The investigators will perform a randomized controlled trial to assess whether providing individualized feedback to clinicians on the RTD metric can safely reduce antibiotic use for qualifying respiratory tract visits across Urgent and QuickCare settings within a single integrated healthcare system. Clinicians who do not opt-out of the trial will be randomized to either receive feedback or not receive feedback on this RTD metric. The trial will last for 18 months. The primary outcome of effectiveness will be the frequency of antibiotic-prescribing for RTD visits. Secondary outcomes include total antibiotic use (regardless of diagnosis), changes in the use of diagnostic codes, 30-day rates of follow-up visits and hospital admissions. The RE-AIM framework will be used to guide additional study evaluation.
PURPOSE: Multiple interventions have been implemented to reduce opioid prescribing in upper extremity surgery. However, few studies have evaluated pain relief and patient satisfaction as related to failure of these protocols. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of limited and nonopioid ("opioid-sparing") regimens for upper extremity surgery as it pertains to patient satisfaction, pain experienced, and need for additional refills/rescue analgesia.
METHODS: We aimed to systematically review randomized controlled trials of opioid-sparing approaches in upper extremity surgery. An initial search of studies evaluating opioid-sparing regimens after upper extremity surgery from the elbow distal yielded 1,320 studies, with nine meeting inclusion criteria. Patient demographics, surgery type, postoperative pain regimen, satisfaction measurements, and number of patients inadequately treated within each study were recorded. Outcomes were assessed using descriptive statistics.
RESULTS: Nine randomized controlled trials with 1,480 patients were included. Six of nine studies (67%) reported superiority or equivalence of pain relief with nonopioid or limited opioid regimens. However, across all studies, 4.2% to 25% of patients were not adequately treated by the opioid-sparing protocols. This includes four of seven studies (57%) assessing number of medication refills or rescue analgesia reporting increased pill consumption, refills, or rescue dosing with limited/nonopioid regimens. Five of six studies (83%) reporting satisfaction outcomes found no difference in satisfaction with pain control, medication strength, and overall surgical experience using opioid-sparing regimens.
CONCLUSIONS: Opioid-sparing regimens provide adequate pain relief for most upper extremity surgery patients. However, a meaningful number of patients on opioid-sparing regimens required greater medication refills and increased use of rescue analgesia. These patients also reported no difference in satisfaction compared with limited/nonopioid regimens.
TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic II.