anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a polymorphic disorder with an unknown cause characterized by fibrosis of the skin, blood vessels, and visceral organs. The degree of skin involvement is a very important outcome measure in patients with this disease. The pathogenesis of SSc involves immunologic mechanisms, vascular damage, and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix component in the skin. One reason for these changes is meant to be an increased release of endothelin-1, a peptide which has vasoconstrictor effects and possesses mitogenic activity on cultured vascular smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts, cell types that are involved in SSc pathogenesis. Interestingly, endothelin-1 levels are raised in patients with SSc and Raynaud´s disease, particularly, in the subset of patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc who have widespread dermal sclerosis. However, skin fibrosis in SSc is a poorly studied, rare condition for which there are no approved therapies. Bosentan is a dual endothelin receptor antagonist, that competes with the binding of endothelin-1 to both receptors (ET-A and AT-B). It was recently shown to be effective in the treatment of idiopathic as well as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in SSc, but it has also been proved in two multicenter randomized prospective placebo-controlled double-blind studies in Europe and the US (RAPIDS-1 and RAPIDS-2) that there is a beneficial effect of bosentan in preventing digital ulcers in these patients. Furthermore,it has been suggested that bosentan has also a positive effect on skin fibrosis. In this study, skin fibrosis will be measured using 20-MHz-ultrasound, the Rodnan Skin Score, and investigation of the fist closure of each patient during treatment with bosentan over 24 weeks.
The pulmonary vein wall contains a myocardial layer whose ectopic automaticity is the major cause of atrial fibrillation. This review summarizes the results obtained in isolated pulmonary vein myocardium from small experimental animals, focusing on the studies with the guinea pig. The diversity in the action potential waveform reflects the difference in the repolarizing potassium channel currents involved. The diastolic depolarization, the trigger of automatic action potentials, is caused by multiple membrane currents, including the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger current and late INa. The action potential waveform and automaticity are affected differentially by α- and β-adrenoceptor stimulation. Class I antiarrhythmic drugs block the propagation of ectopic electrical activity of the pulmonary vein myocardium through blockade of the peak INa. Some of the class I antiarrhythmic drugs block the late INa and inhibit pulmonary vein automaticity. The negative inotropic and chronotropic effects of class I antiarrhythmic drugs could be largely attributed to their blocking effect on the Ca2+ channel rather than the Na+ channel. Such a comprehensive understanding of pulmonary vein automaticity and class I antiarrhythmic drugs would lead to an improvement in pharmacotherapy and the development of novel therapeutic agents for atrial fibrillation.
Participants received IV abatacept infusions on Days 1, 15, 29, and every 28 days, thereafter. A double-dummy design was used to protect the blind, thus, participants also received SC injections of placebo (SC Placebo).
Potassium and magnesium intake was similar to the 75th percentile of U.S. consumption. Fiber intake was high. The fruits and vegetables diet consisted of more fruits and vegetables and fewer snacks and desserts than the control diet, but otherwise was similar to the control diet.
Asthma is a disease of rapidly increasing incidence that already affects more than 17 million people in the United States alone. It is of major importance to understand the mechanisms responsible for underlying mechanical and physiological changes that occur during asthma exacerbations. The effect of asthma on the pulmonary vasculature is virtually unknown. It has long been known that areas of severely reduced airflow occur in asthma and contribute significantly to the impairment of gas exchange in this disease. However, the extent to which local blood flow changes during an asthmatic attack is unclear. This proposal is designed to evaluate the relevance of potential mechanisms responsible for the blood flow defects seen in our Positron Emission Tomography studies of subjects with asthma and identify factors modifying that perfusion distribution. With this knowledge, it is hoped that a more focused basic research is motivated to understand the fundamental mechanisms behind these processes ultimately targeted to improved asthma therapy. Comparing these measures in healthy subjects and asthmatics patients may lead to methods to improve patient care.
FIELD: ophthalmology. SUBSTANCE: method consists in treatment of inflammatory diseases of eye by coating of affected area with a flap having feed base. Flap is used in the form of autotenonic capsule. Pharmacotherapy is carried out by introduction into flap mass of solution of gelatin and simultaneously introduction of antibiotic solution to flap base. In so doing, gelatin is introduced once directly after coating, and antibiotic solution is introduced once in three days during 10-12 days. Then flap of tenonic capsule is removed. EFFECT: excluded development of complications and reduced terms of treatment.
PURPOSE: Ossification of the mamillo-accessory ligament (MAL) results in the formation of a mamillo-accessory foramen (MAF), which is associated with aging. The MAL tethers the medial branches of the lumbar dorsal rami to the lumbar vertebrae. A MAL ossified at the lumbar vertebrae can cause low back pain by compressing the medial branch of a dorsal ramus. Age ranges related to ossification of the MAL have not been reported in previous studies. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of ossification of the MAL in the lumbar column and its relationship to aging, and to measure the newly formed MAF at each level of the lumbar vertebrae.
METHODS: This study examined 935 dried lumbar vertebrae from 187 donors at Khon Kaen University, Thailand, consisting of 93 females and 94 males. The research focused on ossification patterns of the MAL, categorizing them into three patterns.
RESULTS: We found that over 50% of ossified MAL occurred in the 30-45-year-old range and the frequency increased with age. The prevalence of ossified lumbar MAL was 72.73%, especially in L5 on the left side in females (76.92%). The width of the MAF did not differ significantly between the sexes, but it was greater on the left side (2.46 ± 1.08; n = 76) than the right (2.05 ± 0.95; n = 72) (p = 0.016).
CONCLUSION: Ossification of the MAL into the MAF progresses with age, leading to low back pain from nerve compression. Physicians should be aware of the MAF during anesthesia block to treat low back pain.
BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer ranks the fourth most prevalent type of cancer worldwide, characterized by a notably low survival rate, particularly in its metastatic stage. Despite 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) demonstrating potential anti-tumor effects against cervical cancer, the intricate mechanisms underlying its efficacy necessitate further investigation. Here, the study aims to elucidate the impact of ALA-PDT on the cancer cell viability, invasion and migration, alongside delineating the underlying molecular mechanisms.
METHODS: Cervical cancer SiHa cells were subjected to ALA and red light irradiation, and we then measured the ALA-PDT's effects on cell functions using various assays. The potential interaction between miR-152-3p and JAK1 was explored through bioinformatics analyses and validated by dual-luciferase reporter assays. Post-transfection with miR-152-3p and JAK1 vectors, cellular functions were re-evaluated. The efficacy of ALA-PDT in tumor suppression was further investigated through tumor transplantation experiment in vivo.
RESULTS: ALA-PDT markedly suppressed SiHa cell viability, invasion and migration, impacting critical markers of proliferation, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT). And these effects were echoed by the inhibition of miR-152-3p. JAK1 was identified as a direct target of miR-152-3p, and ALA-PDT was found to regulate the expression levels of miR-152-3p, consequently influencing the JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway. Augmentation of miR-152-3p expression and inhibition of the JAK1/STAT1 pathway mitigated the anti-cancer effects of ALA-PDT, whereas JAK1 overexpression diminished these effects. In vivo analyses demonstrated that ALA-PDT suppressed tumor growth and modulated the miR-152-3p/JAK1/STAT1 pathway expression.
CONCLUSIONS: ALA-PDT inhibits the viability, invasion, and migration of cervical cancer SiHa cells by modulating the miR-152-3p/JAK1/STAT1 axis, offering a promising therapeutic avenue for combating invasive cervical cancer.
PURPOSE: To compare the safety and efficacy of needle-perc-assisted endoscopic surgery (NAES) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for the treatment of 1- to 2-cm lower-pole stones (LPS) in patients with complex infundibulopelvic anatomy.
METHODS: Between June 2020 and July 2022, 32 patients with 1- to 2-cm LPS and unfavorable lower-pole anatomy for flexible ureteroscopy were treated with NAES. The outcomes of these patients were compared with patients who underwent RIRS using matched-pair analysis (1:1 scenario). The matching parameters such as age, gender, body mass index, stone size, hardness, and pelvicalyceal anatomy characteristics including infundibular pelvic angle, infundibular length, and width were recorded. Data were analyzed using the Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Fisher's exact test.
RESULTS: The two groups had similar baseline characteristics and lower-pole anatomy. The stone burden was comparable between both groups. NASE achieved a significantly better initial stone-free rate (SFR) than RIRS (87.5% vs 62.5%, p = 0.04). The auxiliary rates for the NAES and RIRS groups were 12.5% and 31.3%, respectively (p = 0.13). Finally, the SFR after 1 month follow-up period was still higher for the NAES group than RIRS group (93.8% versus 81.3%), but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.26). Concerning the operation duration, overall complication rates, and postoperative hospital stay, there were no differences between two groups.
CONCLUSION: Compared to RIRS for treating 1- to 2-cm LPS in patients with unfavorable infundibulopelvic anatomy for flexible ureteroscopy, NAES was safe and effective with higher SFR and similar complication rate.
We conducted a community-based randomized clinical trial with a wait list control group among adult Latino parents or caregivers in East and South Los Angeles. Participants completed an online demographic and baseline survey and were randomly assigned to treatment or wait-list control. Based on their preference, participants received a weekly text message or email link twice a week for four weeks (Mon and Wed at noon). Twice a week messages consisted of a short text (\<160 characters) linking participants to a 2-3 minute video (Monday) and educational text (around 500 words in length. The material was divided into weekly topics regarding the coronavirus vaccine and other topics relevant to the Latino community. Participants were also directed to reliable websites where they could access additional information and links with instructions on where to get vaccinated. Upon completing the intervention, participants completed a 1-month follow-up survey.
This fixed combination drug is not indicated for the initial therapy of edema or hypertension except in individuals in whom the development of hypokalemia cannot be risked.

Triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide capsules, USP are indicated for the treatment of hypertension or edema in patients who develop hypokalemia on hydrochlorothiazide alone.

Triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide capsules, USP are also indicated for those patients who require a thiazide diuretic and in whom the development of hypokalemia cannot be risked.

Triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide capsules, USP may be used alone or as an adjunct to other antihypertensive drugs, such as beta-blockers. Since triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide capsules, USP may enhance the action of these agents, dosage adjustments may be necessary.

Usage in Pregnancy: The routine use of diuretics in an otherwise healthy woman is inappropriate and exposes mother and fetus to unnecessary hazard. Diuretics do not prevent development of toxemia of pregnancy, and there is no satisfactory evidence that they are useful in the treatment of developed toxemia.

Edema during pregnancy may arise from pathological causes or from the physiologic and mechanical consequences of pregnancy. Diuretics are indicated in pregnancy when edema is due to pathologic causes, just as they are in the absence of pregnancy. Dependent edema in pregnancy resulting from restriction of venous return by the expanded uterus is properly treated through elevation of the lower extremities and use of support hose; use of diuretics to lower intravascular volume in this case is illogical and unnecessary. There is hypervolemia during normal pregnancy which is harmful to neither the fetus nor the mother (in the absence of cardiovascular disease), but which is associated with edema, including generalized edema in the majority of pregnant women. If this edema produces discomfort, increased recumbency will often provide relief. In rare instances this edema may cause extreme discomfort which is not relieved by rest. In these cases a short course of diuretics may provide relief and may be appropriate.
BACKGROUND: Late recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection significantly influences long-term patient survival outcomes, and yet it remains understudied. This study aims to explore the risk factors and patterns of late recurrence and predictors of subsequent outcome.
METHODS: This single-center retrospective study analyzed 1,701 consecutive patients who achieved a disease-free survival period exceeding 2 years after curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma between 2001 and 2018. Univariate and multivariate analyses of factors associated with late recurrence and death after recurrence were conducted using Cox's models.
RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 60.2 years, with 76.8% being male. During a median follow-up of 8.1 years, 653 patients (38.4%) experienced late recurrence, with median time to recurrence being 4.0 years (interquartile range, 2.7-6.0). Factors such as age >60, chronic hepatitis C, cirrhosis, high albumin-bilirubin grade, absence of family history, multiple tumors, satellite nodules, alpha-fetoprotein levels <400 ng/mL, and minor hepatic resection were identified as risk factors for late recurrence. Among patients with late recurrence, 131 (20.1%) underwent surgical treatment, 272 (41.7%) received radiofrequency ablation, and 27 (4.1%) exhibited extrahepatic lesions. A higher-high albumin-bilirubin grade, recurrent tumor >3 cm, and nonsurgical treatment emerged as predictors of death after late recurrence.
CONCLUSION: Over one-third of patients who remain disease-free for more than 2 years postresection will experience late recurrence during subsequent follow-up. For 2-year disease-free survivors, risk factors for late recurrence differ from early recurrence. Treating underlying hepatitis is of paramount importance, given its association with both the risk of late recurrence and survival outcomes post-recurrence.
The invention relates to an external ointment for curing cough and asthma, comprising 70g henbane, 30g euphorbia kansui, 50g raw pinellia, 50g ephedra, 30g white pepper, 30g asarum heterotropoides Fr. Schmidt var. mandshuricum, 50g kadsura, 30g seeds of brassica alba, 30g aweto, 50g borneol, 880g rosin, and 120g sesame oil. The procedure comprises the following steps: firstly, 70g henbane, 50g kadsura, and 30g aweto are ground into powders and wrapped with cloth respectively; 50g raw pinellia is sliced; then the 70g henbane, the 50g kadsura, and the 30g aweto, the 50g ephedra, and the 50g raw pinellia, and the 30g asarum heterotropoides Fr. Schmidt var. mandshuricum are filtered after being immersed in 1500ml ethanol at the temperature of 27 degrees centigrade for fifteen days, and then the ethanol extractant is obtained; secondly, the 50g borneol, the 30g white pepper, the 30g seeds of brassica alba and the 30g euphorbia kansui are powdered; thirdly, the 880g rosin and the 120g sesame oil are melted into paste; fourthly, 200ml ethanol extractant is spouted into the pot while heating to ninety-five to one hundred and five degrees centigrade, then the powders of borneol, euphorbia kansui, white pepper and kadsura are put into the pot in turn when the temperature is lowered to about seventy DEG C and mixed evenly, thus the external ointment is acquired.
PURPOSE:To obtain the preparation containing an imidazole compound or a salt thereof as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:An immune function improver containing a compound [e.g., alpha-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-3-(1-imidazolyl)benzene methanol, etc.] shown by formula (R<1> is H or lower alkyl; both X and Y form oxo or one of X and Y is H and the other is OH; Z is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, etc.) or a salt thereof as an active ingredient. The improver has immune function activating action, immune ability recovering action, macrophage phagocytosis, etc. Oral or parenteral drugs such as tablets, granules, powder, capsules, injection, external preparation, etc., may be cited as the dosage form. A dose is preferably 0.01-50mg/person/day.
Fascia sutured with #1 polysorb braided absorbable suture, with the knot being superficial to the fascia, starting at the left angle of the fascial incision and closed in a continuous fashion. The contralateral angle is grasped with a kocher clamp and the suture is then tied behind the angle ensuring adequate closure.
Greater environmental sensitivity has been associated with increased risk of mental health problems, especially in response to stressors, and lower levels of subjective wellbeing. Conversely, sensitivity also correlates with lower risk of emotional problems in the absence of adversity, and in response to positive environmental influences. Additionally, sensitivity has been found to correlate positively with autistic traits. Individual differences in environmental sensitivity are partly heritable, but it is unknown to what extent the aetiological factors underlying sensitivity overlap with those on emotional problems (anxiety and depressive symptoms), autistic traits and wellbeing. The current study used multivariate twin models and data on sensitivity, emotional problems, autistic traits, and several indices of psychological and subjective wellbeing, from over 2800 adolescent twins in England and Wales. We found that greater overall sensitivity correlated with greater emotional problems, autistic traits, and lower subjective wellbeing. A similar pattern of correlations was found for the Excitation and Sensory factors of sensitivity, but, in contrast, the Aesthetic factor was positively correlated with psychological wellbeing, though not with emotional problems nor autistic traits. The observed correlations were largely due to overlapping genetic influences. Importantly, genetic influences underlying sensitivity explained between 2 and 12% of the variations in emotional problems, autistic traits, and subjective wellbeing, independent of trait-specific or overlapping genetic influences. These findings encourage incorporating the genetics of environmental sensitivity in future genomic studies aiming to delineate the heterogeneity in emotional problems, autistic traits, and wellbeing.
During the preoperative period, the patients in this arm will have usual care and a 4 weeks intensive, comprehensive behavioral lifestyle intervention. They will then have usual bariatric surgery and follow-up.
FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutical industry, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: curative-prophylaxis preparation comprises bacterial mass as an active component and special pharmaceutical additions and biologically active components. The preparation comprising bacterial cells and spores of Bacillus subtilis as bacterial mass and has additionally a base inhibiting bacterial contamination. The preparation is made as a soft or liquid form. EFFECT: development of novel, effective, completely safe preparation without contraindications for prophylaxis and treatment of infectious diseases. 13 cl, 7 tbl
This study focuses on patients with Type 2 diabetes and examines the impact of carbohydrate quality on sleep quality and depression. Participants were assessed using a demographic questionnaire, and their dietary carbohydrate intake was analyzed. Sleep patterns were monitored, and depression levels were measured using validated assessment scales. The study aims to investigate the relationship between carbohydrate quality, sleep health, and depression in this population.
BACKGROUND: In chronic pulmonary diseases characterized by inflammation and airway obstruction, such as asthma and COPD, there are unmet needs for improved treatment. Quinolines is a group of small heterocyclic compounds that have a broad range of pharmacological properties. Here, we investigated the airway relaxant and anti-inflammatory properties of a novel quinoline (RCD405).
METHODS: The airway relaxant effect of RCD405 was examined in isolated airways from humans, dogs, rats and mice. Murine models of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma and LPS-induced airway inflammation were used to study the effects in vivo. RCD405 (10 mg/kg) or, for comparisons in selected studies, budesonide (3 mg/kg), were administered intratracheally 1 h prior to each challenge. Airway responsiveness was determined using methacholine provocation. Immune cell recruitment to bronchi was measured using flow cytometry and histological analyses were applied to investigate cell influx and goblet cell hyperplasia of the airways. Furthermore, production of cytokines and chemokines was measured using a multiplex immunoassay. The expression levels of asthma-related genes in murine lung tissue were determined by PCR. The involvement of NF-κB and metabolic activity was measured in the human monocytic cell line THP-1.
RESULTS: RCD405 demonstrated a relaxant effect on carbachol precontracted airways in all four species investigated (potency ranking: human = rat > dog = mouse). The OVA-specific IgE and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) were significantly reduced by intratracheal treatment with RCD405, while no significant changes were observed for budesonide. In addition, administration of RCD405 to mice significantly decreased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines as well as recruitment of immune cells to the lungs in both OVA- and LPS-induced airway inflammation, with a similar effect as for budesonide (in the OVA-model). However, the effect on gene expression of Il-4, IL-5 and Il-13 was more pronounced for RCD405 as compared to budesonide. Finally, in vitro, RCD405 reduced the LPS-induced NF-κB activation and by itself reduced cellular metabolism.
CONCLUSIONS: RCD405 has airway relaxant effects, and it reduces AHR as well as airway inflammation in the models used, suggesting that it could be a clinically relevant compound to treat inflammatory airway diseases. Possible targets of this compound are complexes of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in decreased metabolic activity of targeted cells as well as through pathways associated to NF-κB. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the mode of action.