anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Acyclovir cream is the proposed generic name for acyclovir, a synthetic deoxynucleoside analogue active against herpes viruses. Acyclovir cream, 5% is a formulation for topical administration.

The chemical name of acyclovir is 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy) methyl]-6H-purin-6-one; it has the following structural formula:

Acyclovir is a white, crystalline powder with the molecular formula C8H11N5O3 and a molecular weight of 225. The maximum solubility in water at 37°C is 2.5 mg/mL. The pKa's of acyclovir are 2.27 and 9.25.

Each gram of acyclovir cream contains 50 mg (equivalent to 5% w/w) of acyclovir and the following inactive ingredients: cetostearyl alcohol, mineral oil, poloxamer 407, propylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulfate, water and white petrolatum.
The invention discloses novel methods of inhibiting infection of cells by a virus. Carbohydrate blocking agents capable of interacting with the cells or virus are provided which are contacted with the cells under conditions selected to effect interaction of the carbohydrate blocking agent with the cells or virus resulting in interference with binding of the virus with the cells. Suitable carbohydrate blocking agents include but are not limited to linear and cyclodextrins as well as chemically modified derivatives thereof. The invention also provides methods of inhibiting formation of syncytia between cells or virus utilizing linear and cyclodextrins and chemically modified derivatives thereof. The invention further provides methods of inhibiting viral transcriptase utilizing chemically modified derivatives of cyclodextrins. The invention also discloses compositions comprising alpha-, beta-, or gamma-cyclodextrin in combination with nucleoside derivatives or a steroid or non-steroid growth modulating agent which may be used to inhibit virus infection and syncytia formation.
Protein-enhanced 10% Weight loss diet plus low intensity exercise (protein \~1.2 g/kg with \> 30g per meal and \>60% as dairy). Participants will be provided at least 8 servings of dairy protein daily.
Methods of producing feed pellets containing antiviral proteins for protecting aquatic animals against viruses by passive immunization are disclosed. The pellets have an effective amount of an active antiviral protein incorporated into basal feed stock along with stabilizing, gelling and bioavailability enhancing agents. The antiviral proteins are IgY antibodies contained in hyperimmune egg powder obtained from eggs produced by avian species exposed to antigens associated with viral infections. To protect shrimp against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) the antigen consists of a protein made from the effective parts of the VP28 and VP19 sequences of the WSSV. In one embodiment, the stabilizing agent is sodium alginate, the gelling agent is carboxy methyl cellulose and the bioavailability enhancing agent is piperine. In one embodiment the active protein and associated supplements are incorporated throughout the feed pellet, while in another embodiment they are sprayed onto the surface of the feed pellet.
After assessment of the tolerance of the drug during the single-blind period, during the which the starting dose of the drug of 100 mg b.i.d. should be increased after two weeks to the target dose 200 mg b.i.d, the patients will be randomized in 1:1 ratio to either intervention or placebo group. In the placebo arm, the paitents will receive the matching placebo with an identical strategy of dose reduction as in the intervention group, at the discretion of the physician-in-charge.
Free gingival graft (FGG) is a simple technique considered the most effective procedure to obtain gingival augmentation in sites with a minimal amount of keratinized gingiva. However, the abscence of chromatic integration and unsatisfactory texture of the graft after healing prevent its use in areas with high aesthetic demand. In this context, the tunnel technique (multiple gingival recessions \[GR\]) and the laterally closed tunnel technique (isolated GRs in the mandible) have been proposed as an alternative to the use of FGG in the treatment of GRs in the mandible. The present study aims to compare the tunnel technique/laterally closed tunnel technique and the FGG technique in the treatment of isolate/multiple GR in the anterior region of the mandible. Furthermore, it is proposed to evaluate the effect of a gel based on hyaluronic acid and green tea on the healing of the donor area after the removal of FGG from the palate. Sixty participants presenting isolate/multiple Miller Class I, II, or III GR \[Recession type (RT) 1 or RT2\] in the anterior region of the mandible will be included in the present study. Regarding the treatment of GR, participants will be divided into four groups: (1) Test Group 1 (T1) (n=15): multiple GR in the anterior region of the mandible treated with the tunnel technique; (2) Test Group 2 (T2) (n=15): isolate GR in the anterior region of the mandible treated with the laterally closed tunnel technique; (3) Control Group 1 (C1) (n=15): multiple GRs in the anterior region of the mandible will be treated using the FGG technique and (4) Control Group 2 (C2) (n=15): isolate GRs in the anterior region of the mandible will be treated using the FGG technique. Regarding the treatment of the donor area, the same participants will be divided into two groups: (1) Gel Group (G) (n=30): the donor area on the palate will be treated using hyaluronic acid gel and green tea applied by the participant 3 times a day for 7 days; (2) Clot Group (CO) (n=30): No material will be placed in the donor area, only the clot will be kept in position by means of sutures. Periodontal clinical parameters will be evaluated in the receiving area at the beginning of the study and after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. In the donor area, the percentage of wound closure, the epithelialized surface area and the color of the palatine mucosa will be evaluated in both groups after 3, 7, 15 and 30 days. The visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain (donor and recipient area) and aesthetic (recipient area) will be used to assess the participant's perception of the treatment used.
1. Place the Octreoscan Reaction Vial in a lead dispensing shield (of minimum wall thickness 1/4 inch) fitted with a lid. 
  2. Swab the rubber stopper of the reaction vial with an appropriate antiseptic and allow the vial to dry. 
  3. Aseptically remove the contents of the Indium In 111 Chloride Solution vial using the needle provided and a shielded, sterile syringe. 
  4. Inject the Indium In 111 Chloride Solution into the Octreoscan Reaction Vial. 
  5. Gently swirl the Octreoscan Reaction Vial until the lyophilized pellet is completely dissolved. 
  6. Incubate the Indium In 111 Pentetreotide Injection at or below 25°C (77°F) for a minimum of 30 minutes. Note: A 30 minute incubation time is required. Shorter incubation periods may result in inadequate radiolabeling. 
  7. Using proper shielding, visually inspect the vial contents. The solution should be clear, colorless, and free of particulate matter. If not, the solution should not be used. It should be disposed in a safe and approved manner. 
  8. Assay the Indium In 111 Pentetreotide Injection using a suitably calibrated ionization chamber. Record the date, time, total activity, and patient identifier (e.g., patient name and number) on the radioassay information label and affix the label to the lead dispensing shield. 
  9. The radiolabeling yield of the reconstituted solution should be checked before administration to the patient, according to the instructions given below. If the radiochemical purity is less than 90%, the product should not be used. 
  10. Store the reaction vial containing the Indium In 111 Pentetreotide Injection at controlled room temperature 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) until use. The Indium In 111 Pentetreotide Injection must be used within 6 hours of preparation. 
  11. If desired, the preparation can be diluted to a maximum volume of 3 mL with 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP immediately prior to injection. The sample should be drawn up into a shielded, sterile syringe and administered to the patient.
Hearing impairments and dental anomalies are found in many genetic syndromes. Otodental syndrome is a rare combination of hearing loss and the presence of a pathognomonic dental phenotype known as globodontia, in which the tooth exhibits an abnormal globe shape. There is no histologic evidence of structural anomalies in the enamel, dentin, or pulp. This report describes the case of a 12-year-old boy who had hearing loss and 2 supernumerary globe-shaped teeth in the sites of the permanent maxillary central incisors. The diagnosis of otodental syndrome was established based on the clinical, radiographic, and histologic features, but other conditions, including dens evaginatus, talon cusp, dens invaginatus, and compound odontoma, should be included in the differential diagnosis. Dental treatment consisted of the extraction of both anomalous teeth, allowing spontaneous eruption of the impacted permanent central incisors. Early diagnosis of otodental syndrome permits a multidisciplinary approach to prevent other pathologic conditions, reduce functional damage, and avoid social problems.
BACKGROUND: In recent years, the addition of cetuximab to chemotherapy has improved treatment outcomes for patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). In this study, we present the real-world survival data of R/M HNSCC patients who received cetuximab-containing regimens from thirteen medical centers in Taiwan, as well as a three-level risk stratification model for this patient population.
METHODS: This study enrolled R/M HNSCC patients from thirteen medical centers in Taiwan who received cetuximab-containing regimens from January 1, 2017 to June 6, 2022. The cases were divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort based on the start of treatment. Overall survival (OS) was evaluated in both cohorts and exploratory analysis was performed to identify associated adverse clinical and laboratory factors. The results of the exploratory analysis were used to construct a three-level risk stratification prediction model for OS.
RESULTS: A total of 1434 patients with R/M HNSCC were enrolled in this study and received cetuximab-containing regimens. The overall population had a median OS of 8.57 months (95% CI: 8.07 - 9.08). Multivariate analysis of the training cohort identified poor ECOG performance status, heavy alcohol consumption, and prior adjuvant CCRT or lack of prior RT as adverse prognostic factors. Comparison of laboratory data between patients with OS≦6 and OS > 6 also revealed unfavorable factors, including increased white blood cell count, decreased hemoglobin level, increased platelet count, increased absolute neutrophil count, decreased absolute lymphocyte count, and increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Using forward prediction, a three-level risk stratification prediction model was constructed using the variables of ECOG performance status, alcohol consumption, skin metastasis, modality of radiation therapy, hemoglobin level, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. The median OS in the low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk groups were 12.02 months (95% CI 10.44-13.61), 7.5 months (95% CI 7.33-8.17), and 4.01 months (95% CI 3.94-4.08), respectively, with a log-rank test p-value < 0.001.
CONCLUSION: This study presents a three-level risk stratification model with strong prediction ability for OS in R/M HNSCC patients who received cetuximab-containing regimens. The results are based on real-world data and may provide valuable information for clinicians in treatment planning and future drug development.
Zidovudine (formerly called azidothymidine [AZT]) is a pyrimidine nucleoside analogue active against HIV-1. The chemical name of zidovudine is 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine; it has the following structural formula:

Zidovudine is a white to beige, odorless, crystalline solid with a molecular weight of 267.24 and a solubility of 20.1 mg per mL in water at 25°C. The molecular formula is C10H13N5O4.

Zidovudine Capsules are for oral administration. Each capsule contains 100 mg of zidovudine and the inactive ingredients microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycolate, corn starch, colloidal silicon dioxide, talc & magnesium stearate. The empty hard gelatin capsule printed with edible black ink consist of black iron oxide ,shellac, propylene glycol, potassium hydroxide, gelatin, sodium lauryl sulfate, titanium dioxide , FD & C blue 1.
Clinical studies of nortriptyline hydrochloride did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience indicates that, as with other tricyclic antidepressants, hepatic adverse events (characterized mainly by jaundice and elevated liver enzymes) are observed very rarely in geriatric patients and deaths associated with cholestatic liver damage have been reported in isolated instances. Cardiovascular function, particularly arrhythmias and fluctuations in blood pressure, should be monitored. There have also been reports of confusional states following tricyclic antidepressant administration in the elderly. Higher plasma concentrations of the active nortriptyline metabolite, 10 -hydroxynortriptyline, have also been reported in elderly patients. As with other tricyclic antidepressants, dose selection for an elderly patient should usually be limited to the smallest effective total daily dose (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).
Injuries and especially overuse injuries within recreational running are a common occurrence with higher incidence rates in novice runners but also in recreational runners training for a specific event. The mechanisms behind overuse injury development are thought to be multifactorial and certain parameters have shown to increase injury risk in recreational runners. The aim of this trial is to target these specific parameters and implement training programs to which recreational runners will adhere for a period of 18 weeks. About 408 male and female recreational runners, aged 18-55 years will be randomly allocated to one either the intervention (INT) or Control (CON).The INT group will perform an exercise program containing muscle control and foamrolling exercises in addition to their regular training, twice a week. The CON group will continue as per usual with their training. Training data will be collected on a weekly basis from all groups and pain and injury information will be submitted by the participants upon occurrence. The primary outcome measure is the number of sustained injuries in both groups. Participants will be recruited in December 2018 and the intervention will start in January 2019 for a period of 18 weeks, ending in May 2019. Data analyses are anticipated to be completed in September 2019.
Next-day residual effects: In five clinical studies [three controlled studies in adults (18 to 64 years of age) administered zolpidem tartrate extended-release tablets 12.5 mg and two controlled studies in the elderly (≥ 65 years of age) administered zolpidem tartrate extended-release tablets 6.25 mg or 12.5 mg], the effect of zolpidem tartrate extended-release tablets on vigilance, memory, or motor function were assessed using neurocognitive tests. In these studies, no significant decrease in performance was observed eight hours after a nighttime dose. In addition, no evidence of next-day residual effects was detected with zolpidem tartrate extended-release tablets 12.5 mg and 6.25 mg using self-ratings of sedation.

During the 3-week studies, next-day somnolence was reported by 15% of the adult patients who received 12.5 mg zolpidem tartrate extended-release tablets versus 2% of the placebo group; next-day somnolence was reported by 6% of the elderly patients who received 6.25 mg zolpidem tartrate extended-release tablets versus 5% of the placebo group [see ADVERSE REACTIONS (6)]. In a 6-month study, the overall incidence of next-day somnolence was 5.7% in the zolpidem tartrate extended-release tablets group as compared to 2% in the placebo group. 

Rebound effects: Rebound insomnia, defined as a dose-dependent worsening in sleep parameters (latency, sleep efficiency, and number of awakenings) compared with baseline following discontinuation of treatment, is observed with short- and intermediate-acting hypnotics. In the two 3-week placebo-controlled studies in patients with primary insomnia, a rebound effect was only observed on the first night after abrupt discontinuation of zolpidem tartrate extended-release tablets. On the second night, there was no worsening compared to baseline in the zolpidem tartrate extended-release tablets group. 

In a 6-month placebo-controlled study in which zolpidem tartrate extended-release tablets were taken as needed (3 to 7 nights per week), within the first month a rebound effect was observed for Total Sleep Time (not for WASO) during the first night off medication. After this first month period, no further rebound insomnia was observed. After final treatment discontinuation no rebound was observed.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Oxalis corniculata (O. corniculata) is a member of Oxalidaceae family, widely distributed in Asia, Europe, America, and Africa, used extensively as food and its traditional folkloric uses include management of epilepsy, gastric disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases, together with its use in enhancing health. Numerous pharmacological benefits of O. corniculata are linked to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant abilities. One of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders is Alzheimer's disease (AD) in which neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are its main pathogenic processes.
AIM OF THE STUDY: Our research aimed to study the neuroprotective effect of the methanolic extract of Oxalis corniculata Linn. (O. corniculata ME), compared to selenium (Se) against AlCl3-induced AD.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty male albino rats were allocated into four groups (Gps). Gp I a control group, the rest of the animals received AlCl3 (Gp II-Gp IV). Rats in Gp III and IV were treated with Se and O. corniculata ME, respectively.
RESULTS: The chemical profile of O. corniculata ME was studied using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, allowing the tentative identification of sixty-six compounds, including organic acids, phenolics and others, cinnamic acid and its derivatives, fatty acids, and flavonoids. AlCl3 showed deterioration in short-term memory and brain histological pictures. Our findings showed that O. corniculata ME and selenium helped to combat oxidative stress produced by accumulation of AlCl3 in the brain and in prophylaxis against AD. Thus, Selenium (Se) and O. corniculata ME restored antioxidant defense, via enhancing Nrf2/HO-1 hub, hampered neuroinflammation, via TLR4/NF-κβ/NLRP3, along with dampening apoptosis, Aβ generation, tau hyperphosphorylation, BACE1, ApoE4 and LRP1 levels. Treatments also promoted autophagy and modulated Wnt 3/β-catenin/GSK3β cue.
CONCLUSIONS: It was noted that O. corniculata ME showed a notable ameliorative effect compared to Se on Nrf2/HO-1, TLR4/NF-κβ/NLRP3, APOE4/LRP1, Wnt 3/β-catenin/GSK-3β and PERK axes.
Patients will be given Lactobacillus reuteri probiotic in addition to standard triple therapy. The probiotic is prepared in a capsule form (200mg each capsule), given as 1 capsule per day after meal for 4 weeks.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine for treating senile knee joint degeneration and a preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine. The traditional Chinese medicine comprises the raw materials in parts by weight: 3-6 parts of radix aconiti preparata, 3-6 parts of radix aconiti kusnezoffii praeparata, 2-3 parts of arisaema cum bile, 1-2 parts of rhubarb, 3 parts of red peony root, 3 parts of radix angelicae dahuricae, 1-1.5 parts of cinnamon and 1-3 parts of ginger. The preparation method comprises the steps of: weighing 3-6 parts of radix aconiti kusnezoffii praeparata, 2-3 parts of arisaema cum bile, 1-2 parts of rhubarb, 3 parts of red peony root, 3 parts of radix angelicae dahuricae, 1-1.5 parts of cinnamon and 1-3 parts of ginger. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: removing impurities, cutting up the raw materials and mixing; drying in the sun and grinding into powder; and sealing in small bags. The traditional Chinese medicine can be prepared into conventional external powder by a method specified in the traditional Chinese medicine preparation. The medicine has the effects of treating and curing wind cold dampness arthralgia such as early senile knee joint degeneration, and preventing the recurrence; and the medicine has the effects of treating or relieving the pain of the wind cold dampness arthralgia such as serious senile knee joint degeneration, and even curing.
The pre-anesthetic evaluation is essential in the care of surgical patients. Among its benefits stands the reduction of costs related to preoperative preparation. However, most studies evaluating costs was performed in hospitals abroad, whose reality does not always apply to our environment. The aim of this study is to compare the costs of preoperative evaluation performed by the surgeon (conventional tillage), with the cost of preparation performed by the anesthesiologist (pre-anesthetic evaluation). Two hundred patients scheduled for surgical or diagnostic procedures under anesthesia form included in the study. After admission patients were assessed by physician anesthesiologists. In Form 1 (conventional tillage), it was noted tests or specialist consultations made in the preoperative period. In Form 2 (pre-anesthetic evaluation) was noted comorbidities, physical examination and complementary examinations given in accordance with the guidelines adopted by the Anesthesiology Department of the institution. Form data were compared with a data form 2. Besides the costs, we compared the number of tests considered unnecessary and disagreements in the classification of physical status according to the American Society Anesthesiology (ASA).
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composition that can suppress reduction in an acquired immune function caused by administration of an anti-influenza medicine, and a method for producing the composition.SOLUTION: A composition for suppressing reduction in an acquired immune function according to the present invention contains a lactic acid bacterium product by lactic acid bacterium of genus Lactobacillus as an active ingredient. The composition for suppressing reduction in an acquired immune function suppresses reduction in an acquired immune function caused by using an anti-influenza medicine. Further, it is preferable that the lactic acid bacterium of genus Lactobacillus be bulgaricus bacterium. The lactic acid bacterium of genus Lactobacillus is Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus for example. Further, in a producing method according to the present invention, a milk raw material is supplied to the lactic acid bacterium of genus Lactobacillus, and the composition for suppressing reduction in the acquired immune function which is used for suppressing reduction in the acquired immune function caused by using the anti-influenza medicine is produced.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Subjects will receive omega-3 supplementation (Nature's Bounty Fish Oil 1400 mg, containing 980 mg Omega-3 per capsule), to begin taking 3 days prior to surgical resection of their vestibular schwannoma. Subjects will continue to take the omega-3 supplementation for 6 weeks post-operatively.
Participants practise AED skills, watching a 4.5-min video in a single uninterrupted session. There is no instructor available. The video demonstrates the use of an AED; when to use it, how to turn it on, how to attach the electrodes, keeping distance and delivering a shock.