anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
According to the World Health Organization, more than 50 million people have Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related disorders (AD/ADRD), with most individuals receiving care from their family members. The stress and burden of caregiving negatively affects caregivers' mental health, with a high proportion reporting elevated levels of depression, insomnia, stress, poorer cognitive outcomes, and anxiety. To promote caregiver wellbeing, previous research has focused on providing skills for behavioral management of the person living with dementia, support and psychoeducational groups to help caregivers learn from each others' experiences, group cognitive behavioral therapy or mindfulness techniques, or combinations of these. A common limitation of most trials of group therapies for family caregivers is that delivery of the intervention occurs in person. In-person delivery requires participant travel, could necessitate costly substitute caregiving, necessitates large resources in terms of meeting space and personnel, and is less acceptable for older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. In person groups thus suffer from a common drawback of scaling the intervention to assure widespread feasibility and dissemination.

This is a randomized, controlled trial of smartphone App delivered Mentalizing Imagery Therapy (MIT) to augment caregiver skills training. MIT is a "second generation" mindfulness therapy, which couples mindful practice to reduce emotional arousal with psychological principles designed to balance mentalizing. Mindfulness refers to non-judgmental, present focused attention and has been found to reduce depressive and anxious symptoms in community and clinical populations. In MIT, mindfulness is instantiated in gentle stretching and meditative exercises. Mentalizing refers to understanding the mental processes of self and others, and their links to observable behaviors within complex interpersonal situations. In MIT, guided imagery exercises consist of participants imagining their own and others' perspectives and reactions, and the connectedness between self and other. Pilot studies have utilized 4-week group MIT for family AD/ADRD caregivers and found promising benefits for alleviating psychological symptoms of caregiver depression and anxiety, increasing perceived mental well-being and relationship quality. Smartphone delivery of MIT has been shown to be acceptable for family dementia caregivers in a feasibility trial. By increasing mentalizing while providing caregiver skills, the experimental intervention could result in synergism that enables the caregiver to better implement caregiving skills in their unique interpersonal context.
BACKGROUND: Poly-D, L-lactic acid (PDLLA) is increasingly used as a commercial dermal filler due to its lasting cosmetic properties. Consequently, PDLLA-related vascular complications are increasingly recognized and described. Herein, we describe the first known occurrence of multifocal strokes from the use of PDLLA as a cosmetic dermal filler, and discuss the mechanisms facilitating PDLLA's entry into the intracranial arterial system.
CASE PRESENTATION: A middle-aged female presented with acute vision loss of both eyes immediately after dermal injections of PDLLA to her nasolabial folds and infraorbital regions. There were no additional neurological deficits. Dilated fundal examination revealed retinal edema bilaterally, with deposition of filler material in the retinal arteries. Magnetic resonance imaging of her brain and orbits demonstrated multifocal strokes (left caudate head, right medial frontal lobe) and ischemia of the left optic nerve. The temporal proximity of the dermal injections to her symptoms, guided by fundal examination and neuroimaging findings, allowed us to attribute her strokes and ischemic optic neuropathy to PDLLA's entry into, and embolism within, the intracranial arterial system. She was treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy and experience improvement to her right eye's vision, although poor vision persisted in her left eye.
CONCLUSION: While PDLLA is generally considered safe, its increasing use as a cosmetic filler renders it crucial for physicians to be cognizant of its vascular complications, especially when early recognition and treatment are essential in mitigating their devastating ramifications.
Tropospheric ozone [O3] is a secondary air pollutant formed from the photochemical oxidation of volatile organic compounds in the presence of nitrogen oxides, and it is one of the most damaging air pollutants to crops. O3 entry into the plant generates reactive oxygen species leading to cellular damage and oxidative stress, leading to decreased primary production and yield. Increased O3 exposure has also been shown to have secondary impacts on plants by altering the incidence and response to plant pathogens. We used the Capsicum annum (pepper)-Xanthomonas perforans pathosystem to investigate the impact of elevated O3 (eO3) on plants with and without exposure to Xanthomonas, using a disease-susceptible and disease-resistant pepper cultivar. Gas exchange measurements revealed decreases in diurnal photosynthetic rate (A') and stomatal conductance (  g s '   ), and maximum rate of electron transport (Jmax) in the disease-resistant cultivar, but no decrease in the disease-susceptible cultivar in eO3, regardless of Xanthomonas presence. Maximum rates of carboxylation (Vc,max), midday A and gs rates at the middle canopy, and decreases in aboveground biomass were negatively affected by eO3 in both cultivars. We also observed a decrease in stomatal sluggishness as measured through the Ball-Berry-Woodrow model in all treatments in the disease-resistant cultivar. We hypothesize that the mechanism conferring disease resistance to Xanthomonas in pepper also renders the plant less tolerant to eO3 stress through changes in stomatal responsiveness. Findings from this study help expand our understanding of the trade-off of disease resistance with abiotic stresses imposed by future climate change.
BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are standard treatments for advanced solid cancers. Resistance to ICIs, both primary and secondary, poses challenges, with early mortality (EM) within 30-90 days indicating a lack of benefit. Prognostic factors for EM, including the lung immune prognostic index (LIPI), remain underexplored.
METHODS: We performed a retrospective, observational study including patients affected by advanced solid tumors, treated with ICI as single agent or combined with other agents. Logistic regression models identified factors associated with EM and 90-day progression risks. A nomogram for predicting 90-day mortality was built and validated within an external cohort.
RESULTS: In total, 637 patients received ICIs (single agent or in combination with other drugs) for advanced solid tumors. Most patients were male (61.9%), with NSCLC as the prevalent tumor (61.8%). Within the cohort, 21.3% died within 90 days, 8.4% died within 30 days, and 34.5% experienced early progression. Factors independently associated with 90-day mortality included ECOG PS 2 and a high/intermediate LIPI score. For 30-day mortality, lung metastasis and a high/intermediate LIPI score were independent risk factors. Regarding early progression, high/intermediate LIPI score was independently associated. A predictive nomogram for 90-day mortality combining LIPI and ECOG PS achieved an AUC of 0.76 (95% CI 0.71-0.81). The discrimination ability of the nomogram was confirmed in the external validation cohort (n = 255) (AUC 0.72, 95% CI 0.64-0.80).
CONCLUSION: LIPI and ECOG PS independently were able to estimate 90-day mortality, with LIPI also demonstrating prognostic validity for 30-day mortality and early progression.
Intervention patients received enhanced primary care plus a 9-session group intervention. The intervention included two psycho-educational sessions with information about depression and anxiety disorders, two sessions on the development of pleasant activities including relaxation exercises, two sessions on solving problems therapy, one session on the problem of overcoming negative thoughts and emotions, one session on relapse prevention, and a final closure and review session which included a small party. The patients from the intervention arm also received additional outreach from the Family Health Teams, including home delivery of psychotropic medication when needed and active outreach and engagement by community workers if patients missed group sessions.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing such a liposome that an amount of a biologically active agent encapsulated therein is controlled, and to provide a method for producing such a liposome that a release rate of the active agent is simultaneously controlled together with the amount of the agent encapsulated therein.  <P>SOLUTION: In this method, the amount of the agent encapsulated in the liposome is controlled by adjusting a volumetric osmolarity of an aqueous component in which the agent is dissolved, prior to encapsulating the agent. The volumetric osmolarity of the aqueous component is decreased for the purpose of increasing the amount of the active agent encapsulated in the liposome, and the volumetric osmolarity of the aqueous component is increased for the purpose of decreasing the amount of the agent encapsulated therein. A volumetric osmolarity of a first aqueous component is adjusted by increasing or decreasing a concentration or a molecular weight of an osmotic excipient used therein, for any concentration of the agent. The release rate of the active agent to a surrounding environment into which the liposome is introduced is simultaneously controlled by adding at least one long-chain amphiphatic lipid to a lipid component used in making a preparation.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
Patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with diabetes are more likely to develop myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury (MI/RI) during reperfusion therapy. Both HMGB1 and RAGE play important roles in MI/RI. However, the specific mechanisms of HMGB1 associated with RAGE are not fully clarified in diabetic MI/RI. This study aimed to investigate whether the HMGB1-RAGE axis induces diabetic MI/RI via regulating autophagy and apoptosis. A db/db mouse model of MI/RI was established, where anti-HMGB1 antibody and RAGE inhibitor (FPS-ZM1) were respectively injected after 10 min of reperfusion. The results showed that treatment with anti-HMGB1 significantly reduced the infarct size, serum LDH, and CK-MB level. Similar situations also occurred in mice administrated with FPS-ZM1, though the HMGB1 level was unchanged. Then, we found that treatment with anti-HMGB1 or FPS-ZM1 performed the same effects in suppressing the autophagy and apoptosis, as reflected by the results of lower LAMP2 and LC3B levels, increased Bcl-2 level, reduced BAX and caspase-3 levels. Moreover, the Pink1/Parkin levels were also inhibited at the same time. Collectively, this study indicates that the HMGB1-RAGE axis aggravated diabetic MI/RI via apoptosis and Pink1/Parkin mediated autophagy pathways, and inhibition of HMGB1 or RAGE contributes to alleviating those adverse situations.
Weekly subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of semaglutide up to 2.4 mg/week or maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Consistent with current recommendations, the dose will be titrated at minimum every four weeks to maximize tolerability and minimize adverse events.
Experiment The optimal motor stimulation sites for pharyngeal and thenar cortical areas and the cerebellum will be identified and marked using single pulse TMS with a coil. Anatomical landmarks will be used to help guide neuronavigation. The vertex (top) of the head will be identified with a tape measure as will the inion (the most prominent part at the back of the skull). Studies have demonstrated that pharyngeal (throat) and thenar (thumb) cortical areas are found in front and to the side of the vertex while both halves of the cerebellum lie below and to the side of the inion. The thenar resting motor threshold over the dominant pharyngeal hemisphere is required for calculation of cerebellar rTMS intensity.

Participants will then be randomly allocated to either real right sided cerebellar rTMS or sham (pretend) cerebellar rTMS on each visit. Each participant will undergo both procedures (real and sham) over the course of their involvement with the study. Real cerebellar rTMS will be delivered by holding the figure of eight coil flat against the head. It will be administered at 90% of thenar resting motor threshold at a frequency of 10 Hertz. Sham cerebellar rTMS will be delivered by holding the coil perpendicular to the scalp with only the edge of the coils making contact with the head. This technique has been used in previous studies and will ensure that no stimulation is delivered to the cerebellum.

After real or sham cerebellar rTMS, participants will have functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans of their brains. During the scan participants will be asked to swallow water through a plastic tube. This will activate their brain swallowing centres. Each participant will be asked to complete five swallowing cycles. Each cycle will involve swallowing 10 times with a one second gap between swallows. Cycles will be separated by a 10 second period of rest.
In manipulator-assisted abdominal hysterectomy tecnique, a uterine manipulator (SecuFix ® , Richard Wolf) was inserted into the cervix. Conventional hysterectomy steps were performed until the vaginal colpotomy incision. A circular colpotomy incision was made directly over the manipulator silicone cup using a monopolar cautery set at 30W cutting mode without interfering with the cardinal ligament or sacrouterine ligament. The vaginal cuff was sutured using polyglactin 910 (no:1) as a single layer running suture.
PURPOSE:To obtain a remedy for cataract effective in normalizing the level of calcium content in lens and improving the clouding of lens at a low dose, by using an activated vitamin D as an active component. CONSTITUTION:The objective remedy for cataract contains an activated vitamin D (e.g. 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D, 1alpha,24-dihydroxyvitamin D, etc.) as an active component. Cataract includes senile cataract, complicated cataract, diabetic cataract, etc., and abnormality in calcium level in lens is frequently observed in the patient of cataract. Accordingly, it is supposed that cataract is influenced by the dysbolism of calcium and resultant vitamin D having close relationship to calcium. The activated vitamin D normalizes calcium level in lens at a low dose and improves the clouding of lens. The active component is preferably prepared in the form of a medicine to enable the administration of the component at a dose of usually 0.01-10mug daily per person and 1-3 doses a day.
Patients receive standard lymphodepleting chemotherapy comprising cyclophosphamide and fludarabine phosphate and therapeutic tumor infiltrating lymphocytes as in Arm I, followed approximately 6 hours later by low-dose aldesleukin SC for 14 days. Patients also receive pembrolizumab as in Arm I.
The nurse will insert an InnerSense temperature sensor/feeding tube per normal standards as soon after birth as possible, during delivery room stabilization. Nurses will record an axillary temperature upon admission to the NICU, and at 1, 4, 8 and 24 hours of age. The InnerSense tube will be attached to the infant's bedside monitor to continuously display esophageal temperatures. The tube will stay in place until the infant is 24 hours of age. Central body temperature will be displayed continuously for care-providers in the delivery room, through transport from the birthing center to the NICU and through stabilization. Infants will have a thermistor placed on the abdominal skin with standard skin tape once admitted in the NICU. This thermistor will be attached to a Squirrel SQ2010 (Grant Instruments) temperature monitor/data logger to collect abdominal temperatures every minute for the first 24 hours of life. All temperatures entered into the study database.
OBJECTIVES: Collagenous gastritis (CG) is a rare cause of refractory dyspepsia and anemia that frequently affects children and young adults and whose histological hallmark is chronic mucosal inflammation with a subepithelial collagen band. The etiology remains obscure, and no established treatments exist. We investigated the pathogenesis of CG by determining the expression profiles of genes related to immunity and inflammation in index biopsies.
METHODS: Gastric biopsies from 10 newly diagnosed patients with CG were evaluated using the NanoString nCounter assay. Gastric biopsies from 14 normal individuals served as controls. The gene expression ratios for CG versus controls were determined in pooled samples and confirmed in individual samples by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The results were compared with previously reported expression data from a cohort of patients with collagenous colitis, a colonic disorder with similar morphology, including subepithelial collagen band.
RESULTS: CG biopsies featured enhanced expression of key genes encoding both Th1 (IFNγ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-10, IL-12A, IL-12B, and IL-18) and Th2 cytokines (IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-13). In contrast, biopsies from patients with CC exhibited upregulated Th1 cytokines only.
CONCLUSIONS: We show in this first published gene expression profiling study that CG involves simultaneous upregulation of Th1 and Th2 cytokines. This finding is unique, contrasting with other types of chronic gastritis as well as with collagenous colitis, which shares the presence of a collagen band. Involvement of Th2 immunity in CG would support further investigation of potential dietary, environmental, or allergic factors to guide future therapeutic trials.
The invention discloses a novel preparation method for a pinellia stomach-harmonizing Chinese patent medicine. The Chinese patent medicine is prepared by performing microwave heating and ultrasonic mixing on ginger processed pinellia, Baikal skullcap root, honey-fried licorice root, jujube, dried ginger, coptis and pilose asiabell root to extract active ingredients in the medicinal materials. The method radically overcomes the defect of low extraction rate of active ingredients extracted by common methods such as water extraction and ethanol extraction in most conventional Chinese medicines. The method avoids discomfort caused by decocting the Chinese medicaments, and can greatly extract the active ingredients of the medicaments such as baicalin, saponin and various trace elements particularly by organically combining the processes of microwave and ultrasonic mixing extraction and the like. Moreover, the extraction purity is high, the loss of the active ingredients is low, and the problem of preventing the active ingredients of the extracts from being volatilized in the industry is solved. The prepared medicine has a remarkable treatment effect, has the effects of soothing liver and regulating qi, harmonizing stomach and reducing heat, tonifying stomach and nourishing yin, harmonizing stomach and dispersing blood stasis, has good compliance, and is suitable for various stomach disease patients to administrate.
Methocarbamol Injection may be administered undiluted directly into the vein at a maximum rate of three mL per minute. It may also be added to an intravenous drip of Sodium Chloride Injection (Sterile Isotonic Sodium Chloride Solution for Parenteral Use) or five percent Dextrose Injection (Sterile 5 percent Dextrose Solution); one vial given as a single dose should not be diluted to more than 250 mL for I.V. infusion. AFTER MIXING WITH I.V. INFUSION FLUIDS, DO NOT REFRIGERATE. Care should be exercised to avoid vascular extravasation of this hypertonic solution, which may result in thrombophlebitis. It is preferable that the patient be in a recumbent position during and for at least 10 to 15 minutes following the injection.
Hypertension remains the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease worldwide. Over the past 30 years, the prevalence of hypertension has been increasing in East and Southeast Asia to a greater extent as compared with other Western countries. Asians with hypertension have unique characteristics. This can be attributed to increased impact of obesity on Asians with hypertension, excessive salt intake and increased salt sensitivity, loss of diurnal rhythm in blood pressure and primary aldosteronism. The impact of hypertension on cardiovascular (particularly strokes) and chronic kidney disease is greater in Asians. These unique characteristics underpinned by the diverse socioeconomic backgrounds pose its own challenges in the diagnosis and management of hypertension in Asia.
BACKGROUND: Sigmoid volvulus, a gastrointestinal disorder characterized by twisted bowel, often requires medical intervention, either through endoscopic or surgical means, to avoid potentially severe outcomes. This study examined the challenges elderly patients face in undergoing surgical treatment, encompassing both mortality and morbidity. Furthermore, it aimed to determine how medical practices and outcomes have changed over a period of 17 years.
METHODS: We utilized data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Project, which covers the period from 2005 to 2021, to identify patients who underwent left hemicolectomy for colonic volvulus. The patients were categorized into three age groups: < 60 years, 60-75 years, and > 75 years. We performed a meticulous logistic regression analysis, carefully adjusted for risk factors, to compare mortality, morbidity, and types of surgical treatment administered among the different age groups.
RESULTS: Our study included 6775 patients. The breakdown of the patient population was as follows: 2067 patients were < 60 years of age, 2239 were between 60 and 75 years of age, and 2469 were > 75 years of age. The elderly cohort, those aged above 75 years, were predominantly male, had lower BMIs, underwent fewer laparoscopic surgeries, required more diverting stomas and end-ostomies, and had longer hospital stays. Notably, the elderly population faced a mortality risk that was 5.67 times (95% CI 3.64, 9.20) greater than that of their youngest counterparts, with this risk increasing by 10% (95% CI 1.06, 1.14) for each additional year of age. Furthermore, the odds of mortality associated with emergency surgery were 1.63 times (95% CI 1.21, 2.22) higher than those associated with elective surgery. The postoperative morbidity odds were also elevated for emergency surgeries, 1.30 times (95% CI 1.08, 1.58) greater than that for elective cases. Over the 17-year period, we observed a decline in mortality rates, an increase in the utilization of laparoscopic procedures, and overall stability of morbidity rates.
CONCLUSION: Our findings highlight the increased vulnerability of patients over 75 years of age, who are not only at an elevated risk of mortality compared to their younger counterparts, but also a continuously increasing risk with age. By focusing on elective surgeries for younger patients and minimizing emergency surgeries for the elderly, it may be possible to reduce the mortality risk associated with surgical interventions in this population.