anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) and childhood obesity has been rising steadily1, producing a growing public health concern1 that disproportionately affects minority groups2. The genetic basis of youth-onset T2D and its relationship to other forms of diabetes are unclear3. Here we report a detailed genetic characterization of youth-onset T2D by analysing exome sequences and common variant associations for 3,005 individuals with youth-onset T2D and 9,777 adult control participants matched for ancestry, including both males and females. We identify monogenic diabetes variants in 2.4% of individuals and three exome-wide significant (P < 2.6 × 10-6) gene-level associations (HNF1A, MC4R, ATXN2L). Furthermore, we report rare variant association enrichments within 25 gene sets related to obesity, monogenic diabetes and β-cell function. Many youth-onset T2D associations are shared with adult-onset T2D, but genetic risk factors of all frequencies-and rare variants in particular-are enriched within youth-onset T2D cases (5.0-fold increase in the rare variant and 3.4-fold increase in common variant genetic liability relative to adult-onset cases). The clinical presentation of participants with youth-onset T2D is influenced in part by the frequency of genetic risk factors within each individual. These findings portray youth-onset T2D as a heterogeneous disease situated on a spectrum between monogenic diabetes and adult-onset T2D.
The utility model relates to a treating cap for treating epilepsy. A cap body forms a helmet shape, the center at the top of the cap body is provided with an opening in a shape of long strip, and the lateral surfaces of two long edges of the opening have slide ways. A fixed frame is clamped in the slide way and can move longitudinally along the opening in a shape of long strip, the middle of a fixed plate of the fixed frame is provided with a screw hole, and a tightly-screwed handle with a screw rod passes through the screw hole. The upper end of the tightly-screwed handle is provided with a handle, and the lower end is provided with a press plate. A medicine bag for treating the epilepsy is positioned between the acupoint of a human body and the press plate. The utility model has the advantages that medicine can be fully and stably contacted with the acupoint, so the treatment effect is good; the medicine is applied to the human body externally, so a patient can be treated when the patient does not have a clear mind in suffering from hieronosus or after suffering from hieronosus. Thus, the time for treating the epilepsy is obtained, and the treatment effect is more obvious.
Exercise is a first-line treatment for chronic low back pain (CLBP), reducing pain and disability in the short term. However, exercise benefits decrease over time, with a lack of long-term exercise adherence a potential reason for this. This study aimed to synthesize the perceptions and beliefs of individuals with CLBP and identify their barriers and enablers to exercise adherence. We searched CENTRAL, Embase, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases from inception to February 28, 2023, for qualitative studies that explored the factors influencing exercise adherence for people with CLBP. A hybrid approach combining thematic synthesis with the Theoretical Domains Framework was used to analyze data. We assessed methodological quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist and the level of confidence of the themes generated using the Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Studies. Twenty-three papers (n = 21 studies) were included (n = 677 participants). Four main themes affected exercise adherence: (1) exercise, pain, and the body, (2) psychological factors, (3) social factors, and (4) external factors. These themes contained 16 subthemes that were predominantly both barriers and enablers to exercise adherence. The individual's experiences of barriers and enablers were most appropriately represented across a spectrum, where influencing factors could be a barrier or enabler to exercise adherence, and these could be specific to pre-exercise, during-exercise, and post-exercise situations. These findings may be used to improve exercise adherence and ultimately treatment outcomes in people with CLBP.
Left atrial volume (LAV) decreased by 15% 3 to 6 months after electrical/pharmacological cardioversion compared to baseline. Consequently, patients in the group will receive pulmonary vein isolation only.
Bimatoprost 0.03% ophthalmic solution is a synthetic prostaglandin F2 alpha analog that is approved for the treatment of glaucoma and eyelashes hypotrichosis (Lee et al, 2017). Cutaneous hyperpigmentation of the treated sites has been reported as a side effect with this agent. Phototherapy (narrow band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB)) of wavelength 308 nm, is considered as a successful method of treatment of vitiligo. The cytotoxic T-cells accountable for the destruction of melanocytes and disappearance of melanin are eliminated by phototherapy through apoptosis (diffuse repigmentation) and UVB does stimulate melanocytic proliferation and their migration to the epidermis from nearby follicular units (follicular repigmentation) and perilesional active melanocytes (marginal repigmentation).

In recent years, fractional carbon dioxide laser has been introduced as an add-on treatment for vitiligo. It represents a new modality for skin resurfacing based on the theory of fractional photothermolysis. The beneficial effect of fractional carbon dioxide laser on vitiligo is the release of cytokines and growth factors that act as mitogens for melanogenesis. It also alters the skin barrier, which results in increased penetration of topical drugs and ultraviolet (UV) radiation, so it can be used in combination therapy.
PURPOSE: Patients with hypoalbuminemia, (serum albumin (SA) < 3.5 g/dL) are at greater risk for complications after surgery, including increased postoperative infection rates after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to analyze both preoperative and postoperative SA in patients who experienced acute periprosthetic infection within the first 4 weeks after surgery.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data from 490 consecutive TKAs (314 patients). Five patients developed early acute infection requiring surgical treatment. SA data were collected preoperatively (SA0) and 1 week postoperatively (SA1W) to evaluate SA dynamics. Multiple patient and operative parameters that could influence SA were also analyzed.
RESULTS: No statistical differences were found in parameters expected to influence SA values between the surgically treated (STG) and non-treated groups (non-STG). None of the patients in STG had SA0 and SA1W below 3.5 g/dL. However, the amount and rate of SA reduction before and after surgery were significantly greater in STG than in non-STG.
CONCLUSION: SA dynamics revealed a greater reduction in both the amount and rate in STG before and after surgery than in non-STG. No correlation was found between early acute periprosthetic infection after TKA and each SA0 and SA1W time point. Further evaluation of the SA value of 3.5 g/dL as a threshold for acute early acute infection is warranted.
INTRODUCTION: Acute hypoxic respiratory failure (AHRF) is one of the most common causes of admission to paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) around the world, posing a serious health concern for the global community. Non-invasive respiratory support (NRS) is considered effective in reducing mortality and intubation rates in adults. However, it is not yet clear whether NRS is beneficial for children and which NRS modalities are most effective. This network meta-analysis aims to summarise existing evidence and compare the efficacy and safety of different NRS modalities in paediatric patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: To identify randomised controlled trials, we will perform a systematic search of key databases (Embase, PubMed, CENTRAL, CINAHL Complete and Web of Science) and registered clinical trials (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP and ISRCTN). To ensure the inclusion of the latest literature, an initial pilot search was conducted on 8 July 2024, and an updated search will be conducted after the main research work of this study. AHRF in children treated with NRS will be included. Hospital mortality, intubation rate, treatment failure rate and serious adverse events are critical outcomes closely related to patient-centredness and importance. Two authors will independently select the studies and extract the data. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool V.2.0. In order to compare the effects of different NRS modalities, pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis will be conducted using R software. Several subgroup analyses will be conducted, including analyses of different causes of AHRF. We will conduct sensitivity analyses by excluding studies with a high risk of bias and those involving neonates. Using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology, we will assess the certainty of the evidence for the effect estimates of all the outcomes.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Since this research is a network meta-analysis based on published literature, no formal ethics approval is required. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal for publication.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42024529804.
The first group of participants in this phase will receive the highest dose of eribulin. Each group of participants enrolled after that will receive a slightly lower dose of the drug. Participants in this phase will be enrolled in 1 of 3 treatment arms, based on their disease type, and will receive the recommended dose combination found in the Dose Escalation phase.
The initial dose of AndroGel will be 5.0 g (containing 50 mg of testosterone) once a day. Participants will apply AndroGel once daily to the shoulders, abdomen or upper arms. The serum testosterone concentration will be measured monthly for the first three months, then at months 6, 9 and 12. If the testosterone concentration is not between 500 and 800 ng/dL at any time point, the dose will be either increased by increments of 1.25-2.5 g/day, up to a maximum of 15 g/day or decreased by increments of 1.25-3.75 ng/day. Participants will be taught how to apply the gel and they will be provided with written instructions and precautions. This information will be reviewed at each contact and visit.
This multicenter trial will be conducted in both domestic and international sites. The study will compare IPs to control in standard and intermediate risk, non-hospitalized adult SARS-CoV-2 infected participants and uninfected adult contacts of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed cases. The master protocol will outline the core elements of the study. Investigational products may be included in either or both study indications: early treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). The study includes a phase 2 evaluation for all IPs. The platform trial design will allow for multiple IPs to be incorporated into the protocol as product specific appendices (PSA) as products are identified and become available. Each PSA will detail the interventions, the endpoints, target treatment effect, intended statistical analysis, the relevant control arms, and the sample size range. The PSA may define additional adaptive design elements, such as early declaration rules.
BACKGRUOUND: Changes in thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) levels are associated with the clinical outcomes of Graves' hyperthyroidism. However, the effects of the patterns of TRAb changes on patient prognosis according to the treatment duration of antithyroid drugs (ATDs) are not well established.
METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, 1,235 patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism who were treated with ATDs for more than 12 months were included. Patients were divided into two groups according to treatment duration: group 1 (12-24 months) and group 2 (>24 months). Risk prediction models comprising age, sex, and either TRAb levels at ATD withdrawal (model A) or patterns of TRAb changes (model B) were compared.
RESULTS: The median treatment duration in groups 1 (n=667, 54%) and 2 (n=568, 46%) was 17.3 and 37.1 months, respectively. The recurrence rate was significantly higher in group 2 (47.9%) than in group 1 (41.4%, P=0.025). Group 2 had significantly more goiter, thyroid eye disease, and fluctuating and smoldering type of TRAb pattern compared with group 1 (all P<0.001). The patterns of TRAb changes were an independent risk factor for recurrence after adjusting for other confounding factors in all patients, except in group 1. Integrated discrimination improvement and net reclassification improvement analyses showed that model B performed better than model A in all patients, except in group 1.
CONCLUSION: The dynamic risk model, including the patterns of TRAb changes, was more suitable for predicting prognosis in patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism who underwent longer ATD treatment duration.
Patients receive ASTX727 PO QD for 5 consecutive days starting on day 3 of treatment cycle 1; followed by day 1 of each subsequent cycle. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also receive venetoclax PO QD on days 1 through 14 of each treatment cycle. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo bone marrow biopsies, and collection of blood and buccal samples throughout the study.
Oxidative stress is the imbalanced redox status between oxidant production and their scavengers leading to intestinal physiological dysfunction. However, the role of systemic and local oxidative status during neonatal calf diarrhea is not known. This study assessed systemic (serum) and local (fecal) oxidative status when calves either naturally developed diarrhea or naturally recovered. Healthy calves were enrolled in the study at d 18 of age, and their health status was monitored from the enrollment. Based on their enteric health status on d 21 and 28, calves were grouped as continuous diarrhea from d 21 to 28 (n = 14), diarrhea at d 21 but recovered at d 28 (DH group, n = 19), healthy at d 21 but developed diarrhea at d 28 (HD group, n = 15), and healthy throughout the study (HH group, n = 16). Serum and fecal samples were collected at d 21 and 28 from all calves in the morning 2 h after feeding. Dynamics of oxidative stress indicators including reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHDG), glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity and inflammatory indicators TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ were evaluated using serum samples. In addition, fecal oxidative stress indicators ROS and MDA were measured. Serum ROS, MDA, 8-OHDG, as well as fecal ROS and MDA, were higher, whereas serum CAT and H2O2 were lower in diarrheic calves than those of healthy calves. Serum ROS, MDA, and 8OHDG and fecal ROS and MDA increased in the HD group from d 21 to 28 as they developed diarrhea. In contrast, all these oxidative stress markers decreased in the DH group from d 21 to 28 as they recovered. However, serum H2O2 had an opposite changing trend, which became lower in the HD group and higher in the DH group at d 28. In conclusion, both systemic and local oxidative stress markers and cytokine profiles altered as calves moved from being healthy to having diarrhea or vice versa. Serum ROS, MDA, and 8-OHDG can be used to develop biomarkers to screen calves prone to enteric infections during the preweaning period.
A computer system with a workflow server provides for automatic and prioritized assignment of work involving processing of medical information records, or "charts", to particular resources (personnel) in a hospital. In particular, as the system stores data regarding additional medical information records in a relational database, the workflow server identifies which such additional records constitute a new encounter for a particular patient. For each encounter, the system defines one or more visit cases, and may identify for each visit further subset cases for one or more of a number of application programs. Such application programs may include coding/abstracting of documents and assigning deficiencies in documents for completion. The system defines states corresponding to each application program. In response to requests from the application programs, the workflow server routes each defined case to a particular workqueue within the proper state, and then can assign each case to a particular resource (employee) within the proper workqueue. The criteria for the type and number of workqueues within each state, and the criteria for the assignment of resources within each workqueue, can be identified with whatever sophistication or prioritization that a hospital may desire.
Various of the disclosed embodiments contemplate systems and methods for assessing structural complexity within an intra-surgical environment. For example, in some embodiments, surface characteristics from three-dimensional models of a patient interior, such as a colon, bronchial tube, esophagus, etc. may be used to infer the surface's level of complexity. Once determined, complexity may inform a number of downstream operations, such as assisting surgical operators to identify complex regions requiring more thorough review, the automated recognition of healthy or unhealthy tissue states, etc. While some embodiments apply to generally cylindrical internal structures, such as a colon or branching pulmonary pathways, etc., other embodiments may be used within other structures, such as inflated laparoscopic regions between organs, joints, etc. Various embodiments also consider graphical and feedback indicia for representing the complexity assessments.
Parents who agree to participate in the study will be randomly assigned to the control or intervention groups. Before the parents in the control group are discharged from the pediatric emergency service, in the second group (intervention group with brochure) in accordance with the guidelines of the American Academy of Pediatrics (2020), the parents will be told with the brochure giving the same information about fever in addition to the verbal instructions. Instructions will be given by the same researcher to provide homogeneous and consistent information in all three groups. All patients will also receive a discharge report with instructions on post-treatment treatment.
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, with an estimated 110 million glaucoma patients expected globally among individuals aged 40-80 by 2040. As a chronic and progressive eye disease, glaucoma can cause significant impairments in visual function. These impairments can severely limit daily activities like searching, walking, and reading, leading to a significant decline in patients' vision-related quality of life. Evaluating the visual abilities of glaucoma patients can not only gauge the extent of the disease's impact on their visual function but also indicate the effectiveness of clinical treatments and rehabilitation strategies. However, commonly used clinical tests, such as visual acuity and visual field, only partially reflect visual function and do not directly measure the disease's impact on daily activities. Questionnaires can be designed to assess the impact of the disease on daily activities, from the patient's perspective. However, as a subjective assessment method, questionnaires are susceptible to individual biases and evaluation standards. Therefore, more objective methods are needed to evaluate patients' performance and abilities in executing daily visually guided activities.

Grasping objects and avoiding obstacles are fundamental visually guided activities that require good visuomotor coordination. The visual system supplies essential information about the spatial position and intrinsic properties of objects, while the brain integrates this information to guide and control limb movements for specific tasks. By attaching lightweight reflective markers, such as spheres or patches, to participants' limbs and using a motion capture system to track these markers in three-dimensional space, various indicators of planning, execution, and control during tasks can be quantified. This approach enables an objective assessment of participants' visuomotor coordination abilities.

Previous studies have shown that glaucoma patients differ from age-matched healthy controls in reaching-grasping tasks, though findings on these differences have been inconsistent. Furthermore, researchers have reported that glaucoma patients also face challenges with mobility. However, it remains unclear how visuomotor coordination in glaucoma patients is affected across different disease stages during tasks like object grasping and obstacle avoidance, or whether the location of visual field damage has varied effects on their visuomotor coordination. In this study, we aim to compare the performance of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and age-matched healthy controls in reaching-grasping and mobility tasks. Our goal is to investigate changes in visuomotor coordination across different stages of the disease and to clarify how visual field defects in various locations impact patients' visuomotor abilities.
Systems, methods, and devices disclosed herein provide antibiotic resistance predictions using a pan-antibiotic resistance prediction (PARP) model. The PARP model includes a machine learning system trained with a training data set of genetic information associated with a plurality of bacterial species, and/or antibiotic feature information associated with a plurality of antibiotics. The PARP model is deployed to a cloud-based service for scalability which provides access to the PARP model for clinic devices, hospital devices, and/or laboratory devices. For instance, a web-based portal of the cloud-based service receives a genomic sequence associated with a particular bacterial isolate, uploaded via a remote device. The PARP model outputs a predictive indication of an antibiotic resistance, for the particular bacterial isolate. The predictive indication can include a bar graph (e.g., presented at a graphical user interface) showing, for the particular bacterial isolate, susceptibility/resistance predictions for a plurality of antibiotics.
Lehfilcon A multifocal contact lenses worn first, followed by lotrafilcon B multifocal contact lenses, as randomized. Each product will be worn in both eyes for 2 days in a daily wear modality. CLEAR CARE will be used for daily cleaning and disinfection.
Dosage at Initiation: Subcutaneous injection of 30000 IU epoetin beta administered once a week. Dosage could be increased to 30000 IU twice a week or 60000 IU once a week after 4 weeks if a blood transfusion was required or hemoglobin level did not increase by at least 0.5 grams per deciliter (g/dL) versus baseline.