anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: Our study examined the change in repeat opioid analgesic prescription trends in children and adolescents experiencing acute pain between 2013 and 2018.
METHODS: Eligible individuals were children and adolescents between 1 and 17 years of age enrolled in a Medicaid Managed Care plan and filled an incident opioid analgesic prescription from 2013 to 2018. A repeat opioid prescription was defined as receiving a subsequent opioid prescription within 30 days from the end of the incident opioid prescription. A generalized linear regression analysis was conducted to examine changes in repeat opioid analgesic dispensing over time at quarterly intervals from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2018.
RESULTS: The cohort comprised 17,086 children and adolescents receiving an incident opioid analgesic. Of these, 1780 (10.4%) filled a repeat opioid analgesic prescription. There was a significant decline in the repeat opioid analgesic trend from 11.5% in Q1 2013 to 9.6% in Q4 2018. Stratified analyses by age, sex, and race and ethnicity in a sub-cohort of patients undergoing surgical procedures showed that a significant decline in repeat opioid utilization over time has been observed in all racial/ethnic groups stratified by age and sex, with the most significant decline found in non-Hispanic White children and Hispanic adolescents. At the end of the 6-year follow-up, the racial and ethnic variations in repeat opioid utilization associated with surgical procedures had significantly reduced in children yet persisted among adolescents.
CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 10% of incident pediatric opioid analgesic recipients received a repeat opioid prescription. There has been a moderate but steady decline (∼7% per quarter) in repeat opioid analgesic utilization between 2013 and 2018.
Participants in this arm will attend 50-minute classes 2 times per week for 8 weeks. The course will emphasize experiential learning with 2 weeks of introductory sessions on gait, posture, and tai chi principles followed by instruction in the 24-form Yang style sequence. Students will be given a video to aid learning outside of class, and maintenance of practice post-intervention.
Participants with HIV-1 infection who received antiretroviral therapy (non-RAL) between 1 January 2005 and 11 October 2007 (Historical Cohort). These participants contributed data to the Historical Cohort only.
Adults immune thrombocytopenic purpura has an evolution which is generally chronic defined by the persistence of the thrombocytopenia 6 months after the diagnosis. The treatment is then based on the splenectomy which is proposed by the majority of the teams when the platelets are lower than 30x109/L. The splenectomy is effective at 70 to 80 % of the patients whereas no medicamentous treatment makes it possible to obtain a comparable result. Nevertheless, it exposes to immediate post-operative complications and to a risk of mortal fulminant infections by encapsulated germs, in particular the pneumococcus. However, its long-term effectiveness is discussed with a risk of relapse which would reach 50 % for certain teams.

The rituximab could be an alternative to the splenectomy because of its great frequency of effectiveness and its good tolerance in the short and medium term. None the medicamentous treatments usually suggested in alternative to the splenectomy (disulone, danazol, immunosuppressors) indeed makes it possible to obtain an answer prolonged after the stop of therapeutic in a significant number of cases. Moreover, the use of the immunosuppressors such as the cyclophosphamide, the azathioprine or the ciclosporine appears contestable at this stage of the disease because of potential severity their side effects.The primary endpoint is satisfactory response to one year, defined by a figure of plates \>=50x109/L and at least 2 times superior in the initial, and persistent figure without treatment during one year after the stop of the treatment by rituximab. Secondary objectives are incomplete response to one year, defined by a figure of platelets \>= 30x109/L and \< 50x109/L and at least twice the figure initial or \> 50x109/L but lower than twice the persistent initial figure without treatment during one year after the end of the treatment by rituximab. Splenectomy at one year satisfactory Response to 2 years incomplete Response to 2 years Splenectomies at 2 years Tolerance of the treatment.
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the severity and related factors of symptomatic COVID-19 in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients from several centers in Eastern Iran.
METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, after obtaining ethical approval, 410 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were included for analysis. Patients were categorized into two groups based on their dialysis status: the dialysis group (ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis) and the non-dialysis group (those without chronic dialysis). Demographic information, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests at admission, length of hospitalization, ICU admission, need for mechanical ventilation, and mortality data were extracted from their medical records and entered into researcher-developed checklists.
RESULTS: In this multicenter study, 104 dialysis patients with a mean age of 64.81 ± 16.04 were compared to 316 non-dialysis patients with a mean age of 60.92 ± 17.89. Patients were similar in terms of age and gender, but a higher percentage of the dialysis group was aged over 65 years (p = .008). Altered consciousness, dyspnea, headache, myalgia, anorexia, and cough were statistically significantly more common in the dialysis group when evaluating clinical symptoms (p < .05). The dialysis group had significantly higher levels of white blood cell (WBC), potassium, calcium, urea, creatinine, blood pH, INR, ALT, ESR, and CRP, and lower levels of red blood cell, Hb, platelets, sodium, and LDH compared to the non-dialysis group. Profoundly altered consciousness was more common among deceased patients (p < .001), and this group had higher WBC counts, urea levels, AST, ALT (p < .05), and lower blood pH (p = .001).
CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, it is plausible to suggest a hypothesis of greater severity and worse prognosis of COVID-19 in ESRD patients. Underlying comorbidities, such as liver disorders or more severe clinical symptoms like altered consciousness, may also be indicative of a worse prognosis in dialysis patients with COVID-19.
Lungs from patients undergoing lung transplantation after their removal from the recipient patient with previous informed consent signed before transplantation will be obtained. The organs will be placed in an acrylic box and will be kept at a temperature of 37 Celsius degrees. In order to reproduce intraoperative air leaks, various manipulations, including stapling and creating lacerations of different depts and lengths on the parenchyma, will be performed on deflated lungs. Following the introduction of a leak, condensed gas will be pushed through the airway to precisely localize the defect. The sealant prepared at room temperature will then be applied in a thin layer to cover the defect and will be left to dry for 5 minutes. The seal will be tested using the condensed gas with the lung still deflated as well as with the water immersion technique after inflating the lung.
Methods, kits, and apparatus for obtaining cellular, chemical, and other materials from breast ducts are described. A single milk duct is accessed and washed with a washing fluid to obtain marker materials from the lining of the duct. The washing fluid is then collected, and the marker materials in the washing fluid identified and analyzed. Usually, the washing fluid is introduced using a syringe through a lumen of a dual-lumen catheter. The ductal volume is filled with the washing fluid and excess fluid flows outwardly through a second lumen of the dual-lumen catheter, from which it is collected. Methods and kits provide for collection of fluid and cells by a lavage procedure that includes applying external pressure to the breast to improve the yield of fluid and cells from the breast duct.
There is no known antidote for overdoses of TYKERB. The maximum oral doses of lapatinib that have been administered in clinical trials are 1,800 mg once daily. More frequent ingestion of TYKERB could result in serum concentrations exceeding those observed in clinical trials and could result in increased toxicity. Therefore, missed doses should not be replaced and dosing should resume with the next scheduled daily dose.

Asymptomatic and symptomatic cases of overdose have been reported. The doses ranged from 2,500 to 9,000 mg daily and where reported, the duration varied between 1 and 17 days. Symptoms observed include TYKERB-associated events [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] and in some cases sore scalp, sinus tachycardia (with otherwise normal ECG), and/or mucosal inflammation.

Because TYKERB is not significantly renally excreted and is highly bound to plasma proteins, hemodialysis would not be expected to be an effective method to enhance the elimination of lapatinib.

Treatment of overdose with TYKERB should consist of general supportive measures.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide purifiied amphipathic peptide compositions and uses thereof.SOLUTION: In one aspect, the invention is a composition including amphiphilic peptide chains having alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic amino acids that are complementary and structurally compatible and self-assemble into a beta-sheet macroscopic scaffold. The peptide chains contain at least 8 amino acids, and at least about 75%, at least about 80%, at least about 85%, at least about 90%, at least about 95%, or at least about 99% of the peptide chains have the same sequence. In another aspect, the invention is an aqueous solution comprising the peptide chains. The solution may form a hydrogel that is stable with respect to mechanical agitation. The solution may be injectable and may have a pH between about 4.5 and about 8.5. The peptides may be self-assembled into a matrix in the solution. The self-assembly need not be stable with respect to mechanical agitation.
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common type of arthritis in children and adolescents under the age of 16. In addition to the articular features of the disease, JIA is also characterized by multiple comorbidities, including cardiovascular manifestations. Part of the health conditions observed in adolescents with JIA may be caused by a reduced practice of physical activity. Lack of physical activity in this disease has been attributed to generic and specific barriers, such as time constraints, low motivation, limited access to specialized exercise centers, lack of specific programs for JIA patients, among others. More recently, the COVID-19 pandemic has imposed additional challenges for the engagement in physical activity in populations with chronic disease, including patients with JIA. In this scenario, home-based exercise programs supported by technology have arisen as potentially effective alternatives to upregulate physical activity levels in adolescents with JIA, which needs to be further explored. Therefore, the aim of this study will be to test the effectiveness and feasibility of a technology-supported home-based exercise program in adolescents with JIA. For this, adolescent (\< 18 years) patients with JIA will be randomized to a 12-weeks home-based exercise program or usual care (i.e., no exercise control intervention). The home-based exercise intervention will be delivered remotely using a video calling app, and participants will be instructed to perform 3 sessions of weight-bearing exercise per week. Exercise intensity and duration will be low-to-moderate in the first 4 weeks, and will progressively increase during the program. Participants will be supported by educational materials, a heart rate monitor, and by means of periodic contact with an exercise specialist via video and phone calls, and text messages. Participants in the control group will receive usual care and general instructions about physical activity. The study's primary outcome will be the cardiac and vascular structure and function assessed by vascular ultrasound imaging, body composition (DXA), aerobic capacity, muscle strength and functional capacity. Secondary outcomes will include clinical aspects of the disease, blood parameters, physical activity and sedentary behavior, food consumption, health-related quality of life, blood pressure, and cardiac autonomic function. Feasibility, safety, acceptability, and barriers and facilitators to the intervention will also be evaluated. The effects of the intervention on study outcomes will be assessed by a mixed model analysis (p \< 0.05).
Sarcopenia is a loss of muscle mass associated with a loss of muscle strength. Sarcopenia is associated with an increase of mortality, risk of falling and hospitalization. The gold standard for assessing loss of muscle mass is X-ray absorptiometry. However, this exam is not systematically performed. The calf circumference (cutoff less than 31 centimeters) is preferentially used. However, this cutoff was defined from a population of women with a mean age of 80 years and a unfrail phenotypic profile that does not allow this result to be applied to elderly hospitalized patients.

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of calf circumference as a diagnostic method for sarcopenia in hospitalized elderly people, compared to a gold standard method which is X-ray absorptiometry.

This is a single-center prospective study to evaluate a diagnostic method. The participants in the study will be hospitalized patients aged 75 years and over, with an indication to search for sarcopenia in the context of screening for protein-energy undernutrition under the recommendations of the French National Authority for Health. Participants will be included after being informed about the protocol and after obtaining their free and informed oral consent. Measurement of calf circumference will be performed before absorptiometry, the results of which will be analyzed in a blinded. The number of subjects to be included with a expected prevalence of 75%, specificity of 95% and an accuracy of 2% is 298 participants according to the literature. A sensitivity and specificity analysis will be performed using the ROC curve. A linear regression analysis will be performed with a significance threshold for the alpha risk of 5%.
OBJECTIVE: Ciprofol is a novel anesthetic agent, its efficacy and safety had been verified and its clinical implementation has been expanded. However, the knowledge about ciprofol in children is meager. The aim of study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ciprofol in general anesthesia in children undergoing adenoidectomy and adenotonsillectomy, compared with propofol.
MATERIALS: We retrospectively analyzed data of children who underwent adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy with general anesthesia from June to August 2023 to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ciprofol. The primary outcomes included hemodynamic changes during induction and postoperative complications in post-anesthesia care unit. The secondary outcomes were extubation time, pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium (PAED) score. Meanwhile, subgroup analysis was performed based on age.
RESULTS: 301 children met the inclusion criteria, 157 received ciprofol induction and 144 received propofol. Patient demographics and operation-related information were similar in the two groups. However, the dosage of dexmedetomidine in the propofol group was significantly higher than that of the ciprofol group (p=0.001). The trends of hemodynamic shift during induction and intubation were the same in the two groups. The PAED scores on post-extubation 10min and 20min were significantly reduced in the ciprofol group (p<0.001 and p=0.046). Moreover, in the ≤72 months and the >72 months subgroups, the scores were also significantly lower in the ciprofol group on post-extubation 10min. With the score of >10, the incidence of emergence delirium of the ciprofol group was significantly lower on post-extubation 10min and 20min in the population and the ≤72 months subgroups (p=0.03 and p=0.02). There were no obvious postoperative complications in both groups.
CONCLUSION: Ciprofol exhibited advantageous characteristics in the induction of children, such as stable hemodynamics, a relatively lower incidence of postoperative delirium without apparent post-anesthesia complications. Ciprofol may emerge as a novel option for general anesthesia in pediatric patients.
Septo-hippocampal pathway, crucial for physiological functions and involved in epilepsy. Clinical monitoring during epileptogenesis is complicated. We aim to evaluate tissue changes after lesioning the medial septum (MS) of normal rats and assess how the depletion of specific neuronal populations alters the animals' behavior and susceptibility to establishing a pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected into the MS with vehicle or saporins (to deplete GABAergic or cholinergic neurons; n = 16 per group). Thirty-two animals were used for diffusion tensor imaging (DTI); scanned before surgery and 14 and 49 days post-injection. Fractional anisotropy and apparent diffusion coefficient were evaluated in the fimbria, dorsal hippocampus, ventral hippocampus, dorso-medial thalamus, and amygdala. Between scans 2 and 3, animals were submitted to diverse behavioral tasks. Stainings were used to analyze tissue alterations. Twenty-four different animals received pilocarpine to evaluate the latency and severity of the status epilepticus 2 weeks after surgery. Additionally, eight different animals were only used to evaluate the neuronal damage inflicted on the MS 1 week after the molecular surgery. Progressive changes in DTI parameters in both white and gray matter structures of the four evaluated groups were observed. Behaviorally, the GAT1-saporin injection impacted spatial memory formation, while 192-IgG-saporin triggered anxiety-like behaviors. Histologically, the GABAergic toxin also induced aberrant mossy fiber sprouting, tissue damage, and neuronal death. Regarding the pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus, this agent provoked an increased mortality rate. Selective septo-hippocampal modulation impacts the integrity of limbic regions crucial for certain behavioral skills and could represent a precursor for epilepsy development.
FIELD: medicine, physiotherapy. SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with treating different diseases by applying natural minerals. It includes application of a product being a multi-sectional fabric packaging steadily filled with either schungite or the mixture of schungite and natural zeolite at 4-8 mm particles size to be applied for the sick site. Product's configuration is designed depending upon both the character and site of the disease. The present innovation enables to remove pain softly in case of different diseases. EFFECT: higher efficiency of therapy. 8 cl, 8 ex
Patients undergo LCT consisting of radiation therapy and/or surgery, then receive durvalumab IV over 1 hour on day 1. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled substrate which prevents the formation of large crystals in spite of the presence of the bioactive substance exceeding the saturated solubility in a polymer material, by dispersing a bioactive substance in a matrix composed of a polymer material in the presence of a specific poor solvent. CONSTITUTION:The objective substrate is composed of a mixture of (A) a polymer material, (B) a bioactive substance, and (C) a poor solvent having a saturated solubility of the component B of <10wt% and a boiling point of preferably >=120 deg.C. The amount of the component B is preferably 10-150pts.wt. per 100 pts.wt. of the component C, and that of the component C is 0.5-100pts.wt. per 100pts.wt. of the component A. The most part of the component B is dispersed in the matrix composed of the component A by the aid of the component C in an amount exceeding the saturated solubility in the component A. A large amount of a bioactive substance can be retained in a relatively thin polymer layer. The substrate can be prepared by dispersing the component B uniformly in the component C, and compounding a specific amount of the dispersion to the matrix of the component A.
PURPOSE: This study aims to elucidate the association between MRI measurements of spine alterations and self-reported outcomes of pain and disability in individuals with non-specific low back pain, using a comprehensive perspective based on machine learning algorithm.
METHODS: 246 consecutive subjects were assessed. Pain severity in cervical, lumbar, and leg regions was determined using visual analogue scale, and functional disability was acquired by Oswestry Disability Index. Sagittal and axial MRI scans of the thoracolumbar spine were evaluated. Severity of disc degeneration, spinal canal stenosis, and presence of vertebral endplate lesions based on two different classification schemes involving the extent and the shape of defects were quantified at the levels from T12L1 to L5S1. The following parameters describing the lumbar region as a whole were calculated: maximum value along spinal levels, sum of values along levels, number of levels characterized by severe condition. The association with pain and disability was assessed by generalized multiple linear regression modelling.
RESULTS: Disc degeneration was identified as a predictor of disability and partially of pain, whereas canal stenosis was found associated with changes in pain in the leg region. Partial correlation values ranged from 0.11 to 0.32. Endplate lesions did not show significant associations.
CONCLUSION: A partial association between MRI measurements and self-reported outcomes of pain and disability was confirmed. Disc degeneration was the most correlated with the reported indexes, while canal stenosis mainly affected the pain levels in the leg region. The presence of endplate lesions did not demonstrate any significant relationships.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an insulin resistance improving agent capable of improving insulin resistance, a hypoglycemic agent capable of lowering blood-sugar level and a diabetes prevention agent effective to prevent the onset of insulin-resistant diabetes.  <P>SOLUTION: The insulin resistance improving agent, hypoglycemic agent and diabetes prevention agent contain a hydrophilic component derived from lemon fruit as an active component. The active component contains a polyphenol. The active component preferably contains a polar solvent extract of a lemon fruit or its constituent component. The polar solvent extract is obtained by extracting the lemon fruit or its constituent component with one or more polar solvents selected from water, lower alcohol, glycerol and glacial acetic acid.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Similarly to IER, CER participants will undergo 2-weeks of neutral EB. After this, the CER will consist of: 16-weeks of continuous energy restriction. At the end, 8-weeks in neutral EB will be required.