anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This study will be a two-arm, open-label, randomized controlled superiority trial at an HIV clinic in Durban. HIV-positive individuals aged 16 years and above, who are initiating a tenofovir-based, first-line ART will be randomized to receive POC VL testing and POC TFV adherence testing, versus standard-of-care (SoC) viral load testing. The schedule for VL testing and management of VL test results will follow South African guidelines for HIV VL testing after ART initiation. 540 participants will be randomized (1:1) at ART initiation into the intervention arm (routine POC TFV adherence testing with POC VL monitoring) or the standard-of-care (SoC) arm (no objective TFV adherence testing and SoC VL monitoring).

Participants will be followed to compare concentrations between study arms at 24 weeks after ART initiation and a composite outcome of VL suppression and retention in care between the study arms at 72 weeks after ART initiation. The study will use process evaluation data, interviews and focus groups with patients and staff to assess implementation of the POC assays. Micro-costing will be conducted to estimate intervention costs.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating the ischemic tissue of a mammal.  <P>SOLUTION: The present invention provides a method for treating ischemic tissue in a mammal which comprises injecting the tissue with an effective amount of a nucleic acid capable of expressing an angiogenic protein. The method of the present invention may be used to treat any ischemic tissue, i.e., a tissue having a deficiency in blood as the result of an ischemic disease. Such tissues can include, for example, muscle, brain, kidney and lung. Ischemic diseases include, for example, cerebrovascular ischemia, renal ischemia, pulmonary ischemia, limb ischemia, ischemic cardiomyopathy and myocardial ischemia.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
This study will be an eight-week, randomized, placebo controlled, parallel arm clinical trial to compare markers of nutritional, inflammatory and oxidative status, cardiovascular and neurological health as well as microbial status in subjects consuming a novel multivitamin/multimineral/phytochemical (MVM/phytochemical) supplement compared to subjects consuming a placebo tablet. In addition, this study will evaluate whether the MVM/phytochemical supplement improves subjects sense of well-being as evaluated by a quality-of-life survey. The study will aim to enroll 112 consenting men and women characterized as having metabolic syndrome. Potential subjects will be recruited through flyers, newspapers and advertisements placed throughout the community. Consented subjects will undergo a 28-day washout, followed by a 56-day trial period. Biological samples (blood, urine, stool, saliva) will be collected at baseline (day 0) and at day 56. Diet and exercise history, as well as a quality of life survey, will be collected at these time points as well. Risk to participants is expected to be minimal and will be outlined through an informed consent.
A single dose of neostigmine 0.04 mg/kg iv plus glycopyrrolate 0.01 mg/kg iv. Dose calculation will be based on the patient's actual body weight. No dose adjustments are allowed.
This product is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solutions containing isotonic concentrations of electrolytes in water for injection. The solution is isotonic. The solution is administered by intravenous infusion for parenteral replacement of extracellular losses of fluid and electrolytes, with or without minimal carbohydrate calories.

Each 100 mL of Ringer's Injection, USP contains sodium chloride 860 mg, potassium chloride 30 mg and calcium chloride, dihydrate 33 mg. May contain hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide for pH adjustment. A liter provides 147 mEq sodium (Na+), 4 mEq potassium (K+), 4 mEq calcium (Ca++) and 155 mEq chloride (Cl−). The electrolyte content is isotonic (309 mOsmol/liter, calc.) in relation to the extracellular fluid (approx. 280 mOsmol/liter). The pH of the solution is 5.4 (5.0 − 7.5).

The solution contains no bacteriostat, antimicrobial agent or added buffer (except for pH adjustment) and is intended only for use as a single-dose injection. When smaller doses are required the unused portion should be discarded.

The solution is a parenteral fluid, nutrient and/or electrolyte replenisher.

Dextrose, USP is chemically designated D-glucose, monohydrate (C6H12O6 ∙ H2O), a hexose sugar freely soluble in water. It has the following structural formula:

Calcium Chloride, USP is chemically designated calcium chloride, dihydrate (CaCl2 ∙ 2 H2O), white fragments or granules freely soluble in water.

Potassium Chloride, USP is chemically designated KCl, a white granular powder freely soluble in water.

Sodium Chloride, USP is chemically designated NaCI, a white crystalline powder freely soluble in water. 

Water for Injection, USP is chemically designated H2O.

The flexible plastic container is fabricated from a specially formulated polyvinylchloride. Water can permeate from inside the container into the overwrap but not in amounts sufficient to affect the solution significantly. Solution inside the plastic container also can leach out certain chemical components in very small amounts before the expiration period is attained. However, the safety of the plastic has been confirmed by tests in animals according to USP biological standards for plastic containers.
Patients randomized to the "standard" arm will receive treatments as dictated by our standard ED asthma pathway (Fig. 1). All treatments will be administered with our standard ED nebulizer, the Hudson RCI® Up-Draft® Neb-U-Mist® nebulizer (Teleflex Medical®, Research Triangle Park, NJ), and a simple mask (Hudson RCI®, Teleflex Medical®, Research Triangle Park, NJ).
Compositions can comprise the flavanol metabolite 3'-O-glucuronide epicatechin (3GEC). In some embodiments, the amount of 3GEC is effective to increase energy expenditure, sympathetic nervous system activity, and/or fat oxidation. Such a composition can be used in a method to support weight management or promote weight loss, a method for preventing obesity or overweight, and a method for treating obesity or overweight. In some embodiments, the composition can improve insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, cognitive performance, cognition, mood and/or memory. In some embodiments, the composition can achieve a therapeutic effect selected from the group consisting of blood vessel dilation, reduced blood pressure, increased delivery of blood flow to tissues in the body, improvement of blood circulation, e.g. in brain, stimulation of protein synthesis, increased release of growth factors, enhanced immune function, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the composition can treat or prevent dysphagia, e.g., by provoking the swallowing reflex.
AIM: A primary goal of obstetric care of women with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is to reduce the risks of preterm birth (PTB). Besides hyperglycaemia, maternal obesity is an important risk factor for PTB in T1D. However, it's unclear if public health efforts decreased risks of maternal obesity and PTB in pregnancies with T1D. We examined time-trends over the last 20 years in the distribution of gestational ages at birth (GA) in offspring of women with T1D in Sweden, and in maternal BMI in the same mothers.
METHODS: Population-based cohort study, using data from national registries in Sweden. To capture differences not only in the median values, we used quantile regression models to compare the whole distributions of GA's and early pregnancy BMI between deliveries in 1998-2007 (P1) and 2008-2016 (P2). Multivariable models were adjusted for differences in maternal age, smoking and education between periods 1 and 2.
RESULTS: The study included 7639 offspring of women with T1D between 1998 and 2016. The 10% percentile GA, increased with 0.09 days (95% CI: -0.11 to 0.35) between P1 and P2. The 90% percentile for BMI was 1.20 kg/m2 higher (95% CI: 0.57 to 1.83) in P2. Risks of PTB remained stable over time also when adjusting for maternal BMI.
CONCLUSION: Despite modern diabetes management, the distribution of GA, and consequently the risk of PTB in T1D, remained unchanged from 1998 to 2016. During the same time, maternal BMI increased, particularly in the already obese.
Gefapixant 7.5, 15, 30, and 50 mg BID for 4 days each in Period 1 and placebo BID for 16 days in Period 2. For Cohort 2, there was a 14 to 21 day washout period between treatment periods.
* Store losartan potassium tablets at 68° to 77°F (20° to 25°C). 
  * Keep losartan potassium tablets in a tightly closed container that protects the medicine from light. 
  * Keep losartan potassium tablets and all medicines out of the reach of children. 



General information about losartan potassium tablets 

Medicines are sometimes prescribed for conditions that are not mentioned in patient information leaflets. Do not use losartan potassium tablets for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give losartan potassium tablets to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. 

This leaflet summarizes the most important information about losartan potassium tablets. If you would like more information, talk with your doctor. You can ask your pharmacist or doctor for information about losartan potassium tablets that is written for health professionals.
FIELD: medicine, ophthalmology. SUBSTANCE: method involves the use of cattle basal membranes as a source of biological raw. After isolation raw is incubated in mixture pepsin : hyaluronidase : 0.5 M acetic acid solution at ratio = 1: 1: 10 at 45 C for 10 h followed by solution centrifugation at 5000-30000 rev/min for 30 min. Method is used for preparing material that can be used for making intraocular and contact lens, for myopia treatment and preparing the external medicinal forms. EFFECT: improved method of preparing. 2 cl
The Placebo treated group will enroll 125 participants. 100 patients with Grades 1-3 lymphedema per study site (based on end point and duration) and up to 25 patients with grade 4-6 lymphedema/per study site. Each patient will receive matching tablets containing no active ingredients.
Diet-related chronic diseases such as Type II diabetes, cardiometabolic diseases, and cancer are among the leading causes of death in the USA. Nutrition security has emerged as a target outcome and a national priority for preventative medicine and the treatment of diet-related chronic diseases. Food is Medicine (FIM) initiatives encompass programs and interventions to meet priority population's needs across food and nutrition security continuums as a mechanism to address persistent food and nutrition inequities. In this position statement, we draw on implementation science, specifically the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment (EPIS) Framework and health equity principles to provide guidance on FIM initiatives. As the FIM evidence base continues to grow, we encourage the EPIS framework be applied as one lens through which we can improve our understanding of FIM implementation among multiple contexts to understand what works, for whom, and under what circumstances. Ultimately, this position statement aims to call to action the incorporation of implementation science and equity principles into FIM efforts.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a therapeutic agent for liver diseases having promoting action of bilirubin excretion and bile acid excretion and capable of relieving jaundice symptom by including folic acid or its salt as an active ingredient. SOLUTION: This medicine has folic acid whose chemical name is N-[4-[[(2- amino-4-hydroxy-6-ptelidyl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid or its salt. The medicine can be prepared in dosage form suitable for oral, parenteral or topical administration by formulating the above compound with a conventional additive, etc. The daily dose of the medicine is 1-1,000 mg, preferably 5-800 mg. The medicine is effective against jaundice including obstructive jaundice and has not only treating effect, also but preventing effect. The medicine has high safety and remarkable medical usability.
TX CORD Intervention. The intervention entailed: (1) BMI screening, (2) Next Steps brief counseling materials for the healthcare provider, (3) a 3-month intensive Mind Exercise Nutrition Do It! and Coordinated Approach To Child Health (MEND/CATCH) phase, which included the Mind Exercise Nutrition Do it! ( MEND) programs for preschool (ages 2-5) and school-aged (ages 6-12) children coupled with adapted CATCH activities, and (5) a 9-month transition MEND/CATCH Transition phase, which offered monthly reinforcement sessions for parents and children, and twice weekly Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) sports for children. Community Health Workers (CHWs) serve as program liaisons and assist in delivering all intervention group sessions as well as tracking families. Electronic Health Record (EHR) changes supported the screening and Next Steps delivery.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the levels of cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) in colon cancer tissues compared with adjacent control tissues; and to examine the relationship between CBS level and clinical characteristics and prognosis.
METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled patients with primary colon cancer. Paraffin-embedded specimens were used to create pathological tissue microarrays. Immunohistochemistry was performed on the microarray to detect the levels of CBS in colon cancer tissues and normal adjacent tissues. Analyses were undertaken to examine the relationship between the level of CBS and clinical characteristics and prognosis.
RESULTS: A total of 216 patients (107 males and 109 females) were included in the study. The level of CBS in cancer tissues was found to be significantly increased compared with normal adjacent control tissues. There were significant differences in tumour location, tumour-node-metastasis stage and survival rate between the CBS-negative and CBS-positive groups. Positive CBS immunostaining was associated with decreased survival in colon cancer patients. The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that tumour location and positive CBS immunostaining were independent prognostic factors for survival.
CONCLUSION: Positive CBS immunostaining was closely associated with colon cancer and high levels of CBS might accelerate tumour development and affect patient prognosis in colon cancer.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for identifying a domain having binding affinity for a preselected epitope.  <P>SOLUTION: The method for identifying a binding-site domain that retains the capacity of binding to an epitope when positioned at the C-terminal of at least one further domain in a recombinant bi- or multivalent polypeptide, is provided. A kit is also provided, comprising components such as panels of recombinant vectors of bacterial libraries transfected with recombinant vectors. Furthermore, binding site domains and fusion proteins as well as antibody-like molecules comprising such domains and proteins are provided. Besides, pharmaceutical and diagnostic compositions containing the fusion proteins and polypeptides are provided.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
In Hong Kong, as well as globally, children fail to meet the current physical activity recommendations of 60-minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day. Childhood and adolescence are critical periods for developing favourable lifestyle behaviours that can continue into adulthood. Health-promoting interventions that target physical inactivity are vitally important. Researchers have repeatedly demonstrated that higher academic achievement and better attendance at school occurs among children who are more physically active, healthy and fit. To promote improvements in health and education, it is essential to recognize movement as assistive to establishing cognitive and social skills. The current study aims to implement the Activity Breaks intervention and evaluate its effectiveness on outcome measures of executive function (EF), physical activity (PA), and sedentary behaviour (SB) in school children. The Activity Breaks intervention is a 5-minute Activity Breaks programme that allows classroom teachers of all ages and ability levels to lead simple movement activities within their classrooms, negating the need for additional personnel or space. It is expected that the 5-minute Activity Breaks programme performed three times a day over 8 weeks will not only increases daily PA, but also decreases SB through interrupting prolonged sitting time. The Activity Breaks Programme also improves executive functioning among primary school-aged children.

This study will be a pilot clustered randomised controlled trial involving 8 primary schools in Hong Kong. One class from each school will be recruited from primaries 4-6 (8-11-year-old children) as our target population. Schools randomised into the intervention will receive the Activity Breaks Programme whereas schools assigned to the control group will continue to receive their normal daily instruction.

Data will be collected from all participants (intervention and control) at three time points: Time 1 (T1) (baseline), Time 2 (T2) (Post-intervention), and Time 3 (T3) (3-month follow-up). The following pupil measures will be captured at all time points: 1. EF; 2. PA levels and SB patterns using accelerometers; and 3. anthropometric measurements. Two measures will be conducted among teachers including teacher interviews and teacher fidelity checks conducted using log books. All analyses will be performed using IBM SPSS statistical programmes. Multi-level modelling regression analyses with repeated measures will be used to determine the effects of the intervention. A mixed-design ANOVA with time (pre, post and follow-up) as a within-subject variable and group (intervention and control) as a between-subjects variable will be conducted, while adjusting for age, gender and body mass index.
100 years ago Dr. Eli Moschcowitz described the first case of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. For many decades there were no recognized treatment options, and the mortality rate was extremely high. At the beginning of the 1990 s, therapy with steroids and plasma exchange became increasingly popular, although the mortality rate was still over 20 %. It took until the turn of the millennium for the disease mechanisms (ADAMTS13-deficiency) to be decoded in Bern and New York, thus paving the way for new therapy options. It has now become clear that acquired TTP (iTTP) is an autoimmune disease, and the autoantibodies are directed against ADAMTS13, a protease that cleaves large von-Willebrand multimers. This causes a severe ADAMTS13-deficiency. The ultralarge multimers persist and bind platelets, resulting in microvascular thrombosis. This is distinguished from congenital TTP (cTTP), in which severe ADAMTS13-deficiency is caused by mutations in the ADAMTS13-gene (Upshaw-Schulman syndrome). In other forms of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA, e. g. aHUS), severe ADAMTS13-deficiency does not occur. Two randomized controlled studies demonstrated the benefit of the selective bivalent anti-von-Willebrand factor (vWF) nanobody Caplacizumab, approved in 2019, in the treatment of iTTP. Various publications from national iTTP cohorts improved the data and showed consistent reductions in the time until platelet normalization, a reduction in refractory courses and exacerbations (especially when therapy is controlled according to ADAMTS13-activity) as well as evidence of reduced mortality. Modern therapeutic options include strategies for preemptive therapy for ADAMTS13-relapse as well as plasma exchange-free treatment. The use of recombinant ADAMTS13 may also expand the therapeutic options in iTTP patients in the future.
Chemically, oxybutynin chloride is d,l (racemic) 4-diethylamino-2-butynyl phenylcyclohexylglycolate hydrochloride. The empirical formula of oxybutynin chloride is C22H31NO3•HCl. The structural formula appears below: 

Oxybutynin chloride is a white crystalline solid with a molecular weight of 393.9. It is readily soluble in water and acids, but relatively insoluble in alkalis.  


Each 5 mL, for oral administration, contains 5 mg of oxybutynin chloride. In addition, the following inactive ingredients are present: citric acid, FD&C Green #3, raspberry flavor, glycerin, methylparaben, propylene glycol, sodium citrate, sorbitol solution, sucrose, and water.

Therapeutic Category: Antispasmodic, anticholinergic.
BACKGROUND: Improved endovascular methods make it possible to treat complex ruptured aneurysms, but surgery is still needed in certain cases. We evaluated the effects on the clinical results of the changes in aneurysm treatment.
METHODS: The study cohort was 837 patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and one or multiple aneurysms, admitted to Dept of Neurosurgery, Uppsala University Hospital from 2012 to 2021. Demography, location and treatment of aneurysms, neurologic condition at admission and discharge, mortality and last tier treatment of high intracranial pressure (ICP) was evaluated. Functional outcome was measured using the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) Data concerning national incidences of stroke diseases was collected from open Swedish databases.
RESULTS: Endovascular methods were used in 666 cases (79.6%). In 111 (13.3%) with stents. Surgery was performed in 115 cases (13.7%) and 56 patients (6.7%) had no aneurysm treatment. The indications for surgery were a hematoma (51 cases, 44.3%), endovascular treatment not considered safe (47 cases, 40.9%), or had been attempted without success (13 cases, 11.3%). Treatment with stent devices increased, and with surgery decreased over time. There was a trend in decrease in hemicraniectomias over time. Both the patient group admitted awake (n = 681) and unconscious (n = 156) improved significantly in consciousness between admission and discharge. Favorable outcome (GOSE 5-8) was seen in 69% for patients admitted in Hunt & Hess I-II and 25% for Hunt & Hess III-V. Mortality at one year was 10.9% and 42.7% for those admitted awake and unconscious, respectively.The number of cases decreased during the study period, which was in line with Swedish national data.
CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of patients with SAH gradually decreased in our material, in line with national data. The treatment policy in our unit has been shifting to more use of endovascular methods. During the study period the use of hemicraniectomies decreased.
The present disclosure relates to topical scalp care compositions that may be used as leave-on treatments and comprise one or more actives useful for treating symptoms of itch, redness, flaking, and dryness of the scalp. The present disclosure further relates to systems and methods of treating symptoms of itch, redness, flaking, and dryness of the scalp using such topical scalp care compositions. Compositions comprise 0.1-10% laureth-9, greater than 60% water, less than 5% ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, n-propanol or mixture thereof and less than 5% of specified ionic surfactants or mixtures thereof. The compositions have a viscosity of 1 500 to 20 000 cPs. Systems comprise a composition comprising laureth-9, greater than 60% water and less than 5% ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, n-propanol or mixture thereof and having a viscosity of 1 500 to 20 000 cPs and an applicator comprising a reservoir and one or more nozzles. Alternatively, the systems comprise a composition comprising laureth-9, greater than 60% water and less than 5% ionic surfactant and having a viscosity of 1 500 to 20 000 cPs.