anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease is estimated to be as high as 20% in the United States, and up to 50% of these patients remain symptomatic on proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. Unfortunately, the clinical approach to understand the mechanism of nonresponse is not standardized, and patients will often undergo various esophageal function tests: 1) pH-impedance, 2) wireless pH monitoring over 96 hours, 3) high-resolution impedance manometry (HRIM), and 4) mucosal impedance. Currently significant controversy exists regarding the best technique, optimal study protocol and treatment approach for the PPI non-responder (PPINR) group, resulting in inappropriate resource utilization and a failure to provide effective personalized care. As such, PPINRs contribute to a large healthcare burden in the United States.

The first aim of the study is to identify the relevant physiologic parameters of the aforementioned diagnostic tools in their ability to predict PPI requirement. Subsequently, in Aim Two, these results will be applied to guide the formal development of a clinical algorithm for the management of PPINRs with personalized clinical pathways based on mechanism of treatment failure.

The investigators will first perform a prospective comparison trial of 240 PPINR subjects at two centers over a 4 year period. Subjects will complete symptom questionnaires and undergo diagnostic testing (pH-impedance on PPI therapy, HRIM, 96-hthe wireless pH monitoring off of PPI therapy and mucosal impedance). Those who have a positive pH study and/or resume PPI therapy will receive escalation of acid suppression therapy with dexlansoprazole. Experiments 1a \& 1b will compare the ability of 96-hthe wireless pH monitoring vs pH impedance to predict PPI requirement and response to dexlansoprazole, respectively. Experiment 1c will explore whether mucosal impedance is equivalent to 96-hthe wireless pH monitoring in predicting PPI requirement. Lastly, Experiment 1d will determine whether HRIM metrics can be utilized to determine reflux burden, mechanism and response to treatment. Next, the investigators will develop quality measures for reflux testing in order to develop a simplified management strategy for the PPINR group. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Methodology will be utilized with an expert working group to develop formal validated quality measures for reflux testing based on results from aim 1 in addition to the available literature \& evidence. This will be conducted over twelve months (years 4 to 5).
Helicobacter pylori plays a pivotal role in many diseases such as peptic ulcer disease and MALT lymphomas. And the prevalence of H. pylori is increasing in some parts of the world.

However, the eradication becomes increasingly difficult due to the growing antibiotic resistance. Bismuth-containing quadruple regimens are now recommended to serve as first-line therapies. Bismuth-clarithromycin-containing and bismuth-furazolidone-containing quadruple regimens are both in the list of the first regimens. And recent antimicrobial susceptibility tests showed us that the clarithromycin was increasingly resisted while furazolidone remained hardly resisted. The comparison between the effects of bismuth-clarithromycin-containing and bismuth-furazolidone-containing quadruple regimens is not so clear.
952,030. Encapsulating processes. NATIONAL CASH REGISTER CO. Nov. 1, 1962 [Nov. 10, 1961], No. 41353/62. Heading B8C. Minute capsules consisting of solid or liquid water insoluble material contained within a wall of hardened hydrophilic polymeric material are formed by dispersing by agitation the core particles in an aqueous vehicle with one or more hydrophilic film forming polymeric materials, inducing coacervation to surround each core particle with a liquid wall and subsequently adding a reactant to harden the wall and render it water insoluble. Optionally the wall may afterwards be rendered less rigid by treating with a plasticizer. Coacervation may be induced by lowering the pH value or addition of a coacervating salt. As an example, droplets of trichlorotrifluoroethane are encapsulated as follows:- Introduce into a container 100 millilitres of 5% by weight aqueous solution of polyvinylimidazole and the same quantity of the same strength solution of gum arabic. Add 300 millilitres of water and adjust to a pH above 9.5 to inhibit the immediate formation of complex units. Add with agitation 25 millilitres of the liquid being encapsulated, the agitation being used to control the droplet size to, say 100, microns diameter, and adjust the pH value quickly to 6.9-7.0 to induce coacervation. Continue agitation and add a metallic chelating salt e.g. CrCl 3  or CuSO 4  to rigidify the walls. Five millilitres of CrCl 3  may be used. The capsules so formed may be plasticized by adding 40 millilitres of a 75% by weight aqueous solution of sorbitol to the vehicle.
Neuroactive steroids (NASs) directly affect neuronal excitability. Despite their role in the nervous system is intimately linked to pain control, knowledge is currently limited. This study investigates the peripheral involvement of NASs in chronic ischemic pain by targeting the cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc). Using a rat model of hind limb thrombus-induced ischemic pain (TIIP), we observed an increase in P450scc expression in the ischemic hind paw skin. Inhibiting P450scc with intraplantar aminoglutethimide (AMG) administration from post-operative day 0 to 3 significantly reduced the development of mechanical allodynia. However, AMG administration from post-operative day 3 to 6 did not affect established mechanical allodynia. In addition, we explored the role of the peripheral sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) by co-administering PRE-084 (PRE), a Sig-1R agonist, with AMG. PRE reversed the analgesic effects of AMG during the induction phase. These findings indicate that inhibiting steroidogenesis with AMG alleviates peripheral ischemic pain during the induction phase via Sig-1Rs.
The invention discloses the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine formula for thoroughly treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The formula is prepared from 0.01-800 g of ginkgo leaves, 0.01-900 g of persimmon leaves and 0.01-1000 g of dry willow leaves (red tender leaves) according to a certain proportion. Cleaning the three medicinal materials, drying in the sun, grinding into powder, placing into a high temperature resistant container bottle, adding boiling water of more than 90 deg.C, sealing, and keeping the temperature for 30 min before administration. The medicine is taken in the morning, the noon and the evening. Has the advantages of obvious curative effect on cerebral thrombosis, cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction, hypertension caused by thrombus and paralysis of hands and feet, complete recovery and no recurrence. The industrial scale production can be carried out by quantitatively preparing the tea bag by using food filter paper. Or extracting effective components with modern technology to make into powder, tablet, or pill.
BACKGROUND: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are one of the most common healthcare-associated infections and preventable complication of surgical procedure; continue to threaten public health with significant effects on the patients and health care human and financial resources. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the incidence of SSIs, risk factors and common microorganisms associated with SSI and assess the practice of antimicrobial use in women following Caesarean Section (CS) at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH).
METHODS: This was a hospital-based quantitative prospective study design involving pregnant women who underwent a CS between February, 2023 and July, 2023 at QECH with 30 day-follow-ups. Wound specimens (wound swabs) were collected from all infected CS wounds and processed at QECH main laboratory, and susceptibility testing was conducted using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method with results reported only as susceptible, intermediate, or resistant and the collected data was analyzed using Stata.
RESULTS: The overall cumulative incidence of SSI recorded at QECH during the study period was 9.61% (20 cases out of 208). Of these, 19 (95%) of them reported superficial SSI following CS. The mean age was 26.1 years with a standard deviation of 6.2. All pregnant women who underwent for CS received antibiotic prophylaxis. This study revealed that 138 (66.35%) patients received both preoperative antibiotics (ceftriaxone) and post-CS antibiotics without knowing the specific bacterial organism isolated. This study revealed that ruptured membrane had twice the incidence of SSIs compared to intact membrane (χ2 = 2.0922), though not statistically significant. The majority of patients with SSIs (n = 12, 60%) were readmitted and 5 (25%) out of 20 with SSIs had antimicrobial resistance following susceptibility testing. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism (3, 60%) and other bacterial isolates included were Enterobacteriaceae and Acinetobacter baumanni.
CONCLUSION: The incidence of SSIs and inappropriate antimicrobial use following CS remains a challenge at QECH. Therefore, due to increased number of SSIs following CS with relative emergence of AMR ensure intensive infection prevention and control practices, establishing AMS program and routine surveillance of SSIs at QECH.
The invention discloses a production process of a compound water solution rich in CTP, calcium ions and calmodulin. The compound water solution is obtained by taking lean beef and carps with skin and scales as raw materials through four-stage fermentation, filtration, sterilization and disinfection treatment. The invention adds animal and plant proteinase so as to reinforce the hydrolysis of the raw materials, also carries out the exogenous replenishment of nitrogen gas, oxygen gas and carbon dioxide gas, accelerates and reinforces a biochemical reaction in the fermentation of the raw materials, does not need to purify strains and enzymes, also enhances the relative content of the CTP in a product, also generates the compound (Ca2+ . CaM) of the calcium ions and the calmodulin with higher content and changes the current situation that the compound (Ca2+ . CaM) of the calcium ions and the calmodulin only can be produced by using an extraction method internationally. The invention has very obvious effect in the field of microbiology, very important biological meaning and production and scientific research value and obvious economic benefit and social benefit.
Functional nanoparticles may be formed using at least one nanoimprint lithography step. In one embodiment, sacrificial material may be patterned on a multilayer substrate including one or more functional layers between removable layers using an imprint lithography process. At least one of the functional layers includes a functional material such as a pharmaceutical composition or imaging agent. The pattern may be further etched into the multilayer substrate. At least a portion of the functional material may then be removed to provide a crown surface exposing pillars. Removing the removable layers releases the pillars from the patterned structure to form functional nanoparticles such as drug or imaging agent carriers.
BACKGROUND: The risk of subsequent myocardial infarction (MI) varies widely in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). No convenient scoring system currently exists to identify MI in AF. While each element of the CHA2DS2-VASc (congestive heart failure; hypertension; age ≥75 years [doubled]; type 2 diabetes; previous stroke or thromboembolism [doubled]; vascular disease; age 65-75 years; and sex category) score can increase the likelihood of MI, this retrospective longitudinal study aimed to determine the accuracy of the CHA2DS2-VASc score in predicting subsequent MI risk in AF.
METHODS: A total of 29,341 patients with AF were enrolled and followed up from January 2010 until the first occurrence of MI or until December 2020. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of subsequent MI.
RESULTS: The average age of the study population was 71 years, and 43.2% were male. The mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was found to be higher in patients with AF who had experienced an MI than in those who had not (3.56 ± 1.92 vs. 3.32 ± 1.81, p < 0.001). During the long-term follow-up, the risk of subsequent MI increased by 22% with every one-point increase in the CHA2DS2-VASc score (hazard ratio 1.22, 95% confidence interval 1.19-1.25; p < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that high CHA2DS2-VASc scores were more likely to experience an MI than those with low CHA2DS2-VASc scores (log-rank p < 0.001). Furthermore, the CHA2DS2-VASc score was a significant predictor of MI in multivariate regression analysis.
CONCLUSION: The CHA2DS2-VASc score is a valuable predictor of subsequent MI risk in patients with AF.
Brain plasticity and cognitive functions are tightly influenced by foods or nutrients, which determine a metabolic modulation having a long-term effect on health, involving also epigenetic mechanisms. Breast milk or formula based on cow milk is the first food for human beings, who, throughout their lives, are then exposed to different types of milk. We previously demonstrated that rats fed with milk derived from distinct species, with different compositions and nutritional properties, display selective modulation of systemic metabolic and inflammatory profiles through changes of mitochondrial functions and redox state in liver, skeletal and cardiac muscle. Here, in a rat model, we demonstrated that isoenergetic supplementation of milk from cow (CM), donkey (DM) or human (HM) impacts mitochondrial functions and redox state in the brain cortex and cortical synapses, affecting neuroinflammation and synaptic plasticity. Interestingly, we found that the administration of different milk modulates DNA methylation in rat brain cortex and consequently affects gene expression. Our results emphasize the importance of nutrition in brain and synapse physiology, and highlight the key role played in this context by mitochondria, nutrient-sensitive organelles able to orchestrate metabolic and inflammatory responses.
Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilisation (MOMP) is often essential for apoptosis, by enabling cytochrome c release that leads to caspase activation and rapid cell death. Recently, MOMP has been shown to be inherently pro-inflammatory with emerging cellular roles, including its ability to elicit anti-tumour immunity. Nonetheless, how MOMP triggers inflammation and how the cell regulates this remains poorly defined. We find that upon MOMP, many proteins localised either to inner or outer mitochondrial membranes are ubiquitylated in a promiscuous manner. This extensive ubiquitylation serves to recruit the essential adaptor molecule NEMO, leading to the activation of pro-inflammatory NF-κB signalling. We show that disruption of mitochondrial outer membrane integrity through different means leads to the engagement of a similar pro-inflammatory signalling platform. Therefore, mitochondrial integrity directly controls inflammation, such that permeabilised mitochondria initiate NF-κB signalling.
Maintenance

Therapy should be individualized and adjusted according to the desired therapeutic response. At least 70 to 100 mg of carbidopa per day should be provided. When a greater proportion of carbidopa is required, one tablet of SINEMET 25-100 may be substituted for each tablet of SINEMET 10-100. When more levodopa is required, SINEMET 25-250 should be substituted for SINEMET 25-100 or SINEMET 10-100. If necessary, the dosage of carbidopa and levodopa 25-250 may be increased by one-half or one tablet every day or every other day to a maximum of eight tablets a day. Experience with total daily dosages of carbidopa greater than 200 mg is limited.

Because both therapeutic and adverse responses occur more rapidly with SINEMET than with levodopa alone, patients should be monitored closely during the dose adjustment period. Specifically, involuntary movements will occur more rapidly with SINEMET than with levodopa. The occurrence of involuntary movements may require dosage reduction. Blepharospasm may be a useful early sign of excess dosage in some patients.
The primary objective of this study is to determine the effect of a systematic music therapy intervention on internalized stigma of mental illness. The secondary objective is to evaluate the potential for the treatment effect to vary across subject diagnostic categories. This study will also examine the ability of the treatment effect to persist after 3 weeks as an exploratory objective.

Data collection will be conducted in the Acute Care Unit (ACU) of Hackensack Meridian Health Carrier Clinic (HMHCC) over a period of ten months. Subjects will be drawn from the pool of patients admitted to the HMHCC ACU during that time. Adults aged 18-65 with severe mental illness with a diagnosis of bipolar or a related disorder, depressive or anxiety disorder, or schizophrenia spectrum or other psychotic disorders as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders version 5 (DSM-5 : 5th ed.; American Psychiatric Association, 2013), of prolonged duration with a significant degree of disability or social dysfunction (Ruggeri et al., 2000) are eligible to participate. Eligible participants must be able to provide informed consent as determined by the doctor.
Peripheral and optic neuropathies have been reported in patients treated with Linezolid injection, primarily in those patients treated for longer than the maximum recommended duration of 28 days. In cases of optic neuropathy that progressed to loss of vision, patients were treated for extended periods beyond the maximum recommended duration. Visual blurring has been reported in some patients treated with linezolid for less than 28 days. Peripheral and optic neuropathy has also been reported in children. 

If patients experience symptoms of visual impairment, such as changes in visual acuity, changes in color vision, blurred vision, or visual field defect, prompt ophthalmic evaluation is recommended. Visual function should be monitored in all patients taking linezolid for extended periods (≥ 3 months) and in all patients reporting new visual symptoms regardless of length of therapy with linezolid. If peripheral or optic neuropathy occurs, the continued use of linezolid in these patients should be weighed against the potential risks.
Patients will complete standard dose of oral contraceptive pill (OCP) and will then administer GnRH antagonist (ganirelix acetate or cetrorelix acetate) 0.25 mg q.d. during the stimulation phase when the lead follicle size reaches 12mm. The antagonist will continue until the day of hCG administration. Patients will administer Bravelle and Menopur for ovarian stimulation.
Meloxicam oral suspension, USP is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Each bottle of meloxicam oral suspension contains 7.5 mg meloxicam per 5 mL. Meloxicam is chemically designated as 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-(5-methyl-2-thiazolyl)-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide-1,1-dioxide. The molecular weight is 351.4. Its empirical formula is C14 H13 N3O4 S2 and it has the following structural formula:

Meloxicam, is a pastel yellow solid, practically insoluble in water, with higher solubility observed in strong acids and bases. It is very slightly soluble in methanol. Meloxicam has an apparent partition coefficient (log P) app = 0.1 in n-octanol/buffer pH 7.4. Meloxicam has pKa values of 1.1 and 4.2.

Meloxicam is available as an oral suspension containing 7.5 mg meloxicam per 5 mL.

The inactive ingredients in meloxicam oral suspension include colloidal silicon dioxide, hydroxyethylcellulose, sorbitol, glycerol, xylitol, monobasic sodium phosphate (dihydrate), saccharin sodium, sodium benzoate, citric acid (monohydrate), raspberry flavor, and purified water.
Participant will be using OpenAI's ChatGPT4o's application. For the purposes of this medical error scenario, the CAI will have a standardized prompt to simulate an upset parent whose child recently had surgery in which there was a medical error involving a tooth injury from an intubation. Following a scripted briefing, simulation will be initiated.
A composition which comprises a crosslinked organopolysiloxane polymer and an oil other than silicone oils and is suitable for use in cosmetic preparations; and a cosmetic preparation containing the composition. The cosmetic preparation has excellent properties when used. For example, it can be spread lightly and gives a fresh use feeling. Upon application, it imparts flexibility and smoothness and has an emollient effect, without impairing moderate transpiration. It imparts properties widely ranging from natural gloss to a matte feeling. The cosmetic preparation further has satisfactory long-term stability.
BACKGROUND: To report ocular manifestations, clinical course, and therapeutic management of patients with molecular genetically confirmed keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome.
METHODS: Four patients, aged 19 to 46, with keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome from across the UK were recruited for a general and ocular examination and GJB2 (Cx26) mutational analysis. The ocular examination included best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp bio-microscopy, and ocular surface assessment. Mutational analysis of the coding region of GJB2 (Cx26) was performed by bidirectional Sanger sequencing.
RESULTS: All four individuals had the characteristic systemic features of keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome. Each patient was found to have a missense mutation, resulting in the substitution of aspartic acid with asparagine at codon 50 (p.D50N). Main ophthalmic features were vascularizing keratopathy, ocular surface disease, hyperkeratotic lid lesions, recurrent epithelial defects, and corneal stromal scarring. One patient had multiple surgical procedures, including superficial keratectomies and lamellar keratoplasty, which failed to prevent severe visual loss. In contrast, oral therapy with ketoconazole stabilized the corneal and skin disease in two other patients with keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome. The patient who underwent intracorneal bevacizumab injection showed a marked reduction in corneal vascularization following a single application.
CONCLUSIONS: Keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome is a rare ectodermal dysplasia caused by heterozygous mutations in GJB2 (Cx26) with a severe, progressive vascularizing keratopathy. Oral ketoconazole therapy may offer benefit in stabilizing the corneal and skin disease.
Participants will receive a single intravenous (IV) injection of DaTSCAN™ ioflupane (123I) injection into an arm vein, followed by planar whole-body imaging at prespecified time points over a period of 48 hours after administration. Brain SPECT imaging will be acquired at 3 and 6 hours after administration.
Systemic lupus erythematosus patients were screened in the rheumatology outpatient departments and Center for Traditional Medicine at Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and were enrolled with the inclusion criteria: (1) aged between 20 and 75 years; (2) fulfilled the 1982 and 1997 revised Systemic lupus erythematosus criteria. Exclusion Criteria: NA.