anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Chronic stress-induced anxiodepression is a common health problem, however its potential neurocircuitry mechanism remains unclear. We used behavioral, patch-clamp electrophysiology, chemogenetic, and optogenetic approaches to clarify the response of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to stress, confirmed the structural connections between the LH and mPFC, and investigated the role of the LH-mPFC pathway in chronic stress-induced anxiodepression symptoms. Unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) caused anxiodepression-like behaviors, including anxiety, anhedonia, and despair behaviors. We discovered that the activity of the LH and mPFC was both increased after restraint stress (RS), a stressor of UCMS. Then we found that the orexinergic neurons in the LH predominantly project to the glutamatergic neurons in the mPFC, and the excitability of these neurons were increased after UCMS. In addition, overactivated LH orexinergic terminals in the mPFC induced anhedonia but not anxiety and despair behaviors in naive mice. Moreover, chemogenetically inhibited LH-mPFC orexinergic projection neurons and blocked the orexin receptors in the mPFC alleviated anhedonia but not anxiety and despair behaviors in UCMS-treated mice. Our study identified a new neurocircuit from LH orexinergic neurons to mPFC and revealed its role in regulating anhedonia in response to stress. Overactivation of LHOrx-mPFC pathway selectively mediated chronic stress-induced anhedonia. In normal mice, the LHOrx-mPFC pathway exhibits relatively low activity. However, after chronic stress, the activity of orexinergic neuron in LH is overactivated, leading to an increased release of orexin into the mPFC. This heightened orexin concentration results in increased excitability of the mPFC through OX1R and OX2R, consequently triggering anhedonia.
Burrowing is a common trait among crayfish thought to help species deal with adverse environmental challenges. However, little is known about the microhabitat ecology of crayfish taxa in relation to their burrows. To fill this knowledge gap, we assessed the availability of oxygen inside the crayfish shelter by series of in-vivo and in-silico modelling experiments. Under modeled condition, we found that, except for the entrance region of the 200 mm, a flooded burrow microenvironment became anoxic within 8 h, on average. Multiple 12-hour day-night cycles, with burrows occupied by crayfish for 12 h and empty for 12 h, were not sufficient for refreshing the burrow microenvironment. We then examined the degree to which crayfish species with different propensities for burrowing are tolerant of self-created anoxia. From these experiments, primary and secondary burrowers showed best and most consistent tolerance-exhibiting ≥ 64% survival to anoxia and 25-91% survival of ≥ 9 h at anoxia, respectively. Tertiary burrowers exhibited little to no tolerance of anoxia with 0-50% survival to anoxia and only one species exhibiting survival (2%) of ≥ 9 h at anoxia. Results suggest that moderate to strongly burrowing crayfish can quickly draw down the dissolved oxygen in burrow water but appear to have conserved a legacy of strong tolerance of anoxia from their monophyletic ancestors-the lobsters-whereas tertiary burrowers have lost (or never evolved) this ability.
The purpose of this study was to determine the acute effects of different manual cupping therapy protocols on ankle range of motion, compared to sham treatments, in generally healthy adults with limited ankle range of motion (i.e., ankle dorsiflexion less than 40 degrees). Participants had their baseline ankle dorsiflexion measured with a digital inclinometer in a weight-bearing modified lunge position by a certified athletic trainer. Participants who were eligible for the study were then randomly assigned to one of 4 groups; 2 of which were intervention groups (i.e., dynamic cupping, static cupping) and 2 of which were sham treatments (i.e., static sham cupping, dynamic sham cupping). Each participant was blinded to the therapy they were randomized to and all received a total of 10 minutes of the cupping therapy (either actual or sham). In general, cupping therapy consisted of creating a negative pressure in four 2" diameter plastic cups placed on the gastrocnemius. Sham cups had small holes in them allowing air to leak out. Cups were also attached with adhesive tape to all participants to ensure blinding. Depending on the treatment received, participants either were asked to lie still in the prone position or perform ankle exercises during the 10 minutes while the cups were attached. Immediately after receiving treatment, participants had their ankle dorsiflexion measured again using the same procedure described for baseline measurement.
Maltreatment prevention programs can promote public health by building protective factors among at-risk families. To maximize their benefits, programs should be delivered as intended by maintaining fidelity. Participant responsiveness (PR) is an under-studied fidelity construct defined as the degree to which participants "respond to or are engaged by" intervention at the behavioral, attitudinal, and relational levels. However, previous studies mostly focus on behavioral and attitudinal responsiveness such as attendance, follow-through, and satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of participant Relational Responsiveness (RR) as a mechanism to increase protective factors against child maltreatment among the caregivers participating in the Family Success Network (FSN). The FSN is a community-based maltreatment prevention program piloted to serve 3 under-served counties in Ohio with high maltreatment rates. In FSN, coaches and families collaboratively develop a tailored plan of services designed to increase family protective factors. Focusing on primary and secondary prevention, FSN serves families with no history of substantiated maltreatment. Leveraging the parent study (clinicatrials registration currently in progress), which is a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) funded by the Children's Bureau, the proposed study will pursue the following aims; 1) To examine the structural validity of the Relational Responsiveness (RR) measure among FSN participants; 2) To determine the degree to which RR mediates FSN effects and whether RR's mediation effects are moderated by caregiver race and gender; 3) To identify contexts within which RR's mediation effects are activated or inhibited using a realist informed mixed-method approach. The parent study focuses on FSN outcome and process evaluations. Aims 1 and 2 of this study will utilize quantitative data collected through the parent RCT (protective factors and Working Alliance Inventory-Short Revised). Aim 3 will use mixed data involving the quantitative data collected through the parent RCT and the qualitative data to be collected in this study.
The optimal treatment and organization of care for people with obesity is one of the greatest challenges facing today's health services. While surgery and pharmacotherapy offer effective treatment options for some people with obesity, behavioral interventions are important to support long-term behavioral change. However, little is known about the most effective components of behavioral interventions, and this is especially the case for people with complex or severe obesity (i.e. body mass index [BMI] > 35 kg/m2). Accordingly, the current rapid review aimed to identify which behavior change techniques (BCTs) are effective for weight loss in adults with (severe) obesity. A secondary aim was to review the effects of BCTs on dietary behaviors and physical activity, and psychological outcomes, recognizing that behavioral interventions commonly target these. A search of Scopus, Ovid Medline, and Web of Science resulted in 1227 results, with 22 reviews eligible for inclusion. The most commonly reported BCTs were self-monitoring and goal setting, but these had variable effects on weight in adults with obesity. Combining these BCTs with other self-regulatory techniques led to increased weight loss. Further, for adults with severe obesity, so-called 'nudge' techniques and self-regulatory techniques were associated with greater weight loss. Three reviews also found that while self-monitoring increased physical activity, behavioral commitments increased changes to dietary behaviors. BCTs were not associated with psychological well-being. The review confirms that behavioral interventions have an impact in weight management, including for individuals with more complex or severe obesity, but highlights the need for further investigation of their use within clinical settings.
The method is used for the preparation of oil adjuvantvaccine inactivated by betapropiolacton against fowl pest. By it,suspension of the reference La Sotta strain of the fowl pest viruswith a titre higher or equal to 109.5 EID 50/1 ml is used. Thestrain is cultivated on 11-day hen embryons. Immediately after thepreparation of the suspension it is inactivated and is mixed withthe adjuvants, vegetable oil and wax in ratio antigene to wax 2:3.The vaccine is harmless and immunogenous and is applied on chickswith and without any immune background against fowl pest makinguse of the ususal immunoprophylactic scheme. The immune life ofthe 18-20-week chicks, immuned with live vaccine in advance, isone year. On the 25th day after the immunisation 10 chicksvaccined with inactivated vaccine are infested, as well as thesame number of not vaccined (control) chicks. The two group areobserved for 15 days, and 90% of the vaccined remain healthy and90% of the controls die with symptoms of fowl pest.3 claims
An oral care implement having electrodes thereon. In one aspect, the oral care implement may include a handle and a head, the head having an outer surface. A plurality of tooth cleaning elements extend from the head. At least one oral care agent dispenser is located on the head. A first electrode and a second electrode are located on the head and operably coupled to a power source to have opposite electrical charges. In some embodiments at least one of the first and second electrodes may be a sacrificial electrode. The oral care agent dispenser may be an outlet that is coupled to an oral care fluid in a reservoir and/or a solid release polymer that releases an oral care agent over time during use of the oral care implement.
The composition of the invention contains an n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid as the active ingredient and has the capability of removing a risk factor during exercise, particularly the capability of preventing athletic anemia. The highly unsaturated fatty acids and/or derivatives thereof, preferably eicosapentaenoic acid and/or docosahexaenoic acid. It is most preferably in the form of a natural triglyceride, particularly a fish oil. The composition may be used as a medicament or a food composition, particularly a food for sports. In the case of the medicament, the composition derivative is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, or amide. The capability of removing a risk factor refers to the capabilities of improving the maximum oxygen intake and increasing the anaerobic threshold value by at least 3%. In this case, the composition serves as a food for enhancing the exercise capacity of persons with a normal healthy body.
The population under investigation will be made up of women aged ≥ 18 years (excluding pregnant women and women who have given birth less than 40 days) suffering from urinary incontinence and who understand and speak in the Italian language. Will be enrolled on a voluntary basis women who have already had at least a couple of pelvic floor rehabilitation meetings at the outpatient clinic of the San Raffaele Hospital in Milan, within the time frame foreseen by the study, because they are also able to narrate their experience of re-education of the pelvic floor.
BACKGROUND: Genetic polymorphism of KIAA1217 has been reported to be associated with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) in different populations such as Japanese population and Finnish population. This study aimed to explore whether the genetic polymorphism of KIAA1217 is functionally associated with LDH in Chinese population.
METHODS: SNP rs16924573 of KIAA1217 was genotyped in 1272 patients and 1248 healthy controls. The mRNA expression of KIAA1217 in the intervertebral disc was analyzed for 84 patients and 32 controls. The differences of genotype and allele distributions between LDH patients and healthy controls were evaluated using the Chi-square test. One-way ANOVA test was used to compare the relationship between genotypes and tissue expression of KIAA1217.
RESULTS: Patients were found to have significantly higher frequency of genotype GG of rs16924573 than the controls (64.2% vs. 52.8%, p<0.001). The frequency of allele G was remarkably higher in the patients than in the controls (79.8% vs. 73.2%, p<0.001), with an OR of 1.45 (95% confidential interval=1.27-1.66). Compared with the controls, LDH patients were observed to have significantly decreased expression of KIAA1217. Patients with genotype GG had remarkably lower mRNA expression of KIAA1217 than those with genotype AG or AA (p=0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: SNP rs16924573 of KIAA1217 could be functionally associated with LDH in the Chinese population. More in vivo and vitro experiments need to be carried out to further clarify the regulatory mechanism of functional variants in KIAA1217.
Patients receive pembrolizumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 and imatinib mesylate orally PO QD on days 1-21. Courses repeat every 3 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The aim with the present study was to evaluate the effects and tolerability of Family Meals on Prescription, a 3-month intensive dietary intervention with a participatory approach on body mass index (BMI) and metabolic health in children living with obesity. In this prospective randomized controlled trial, children aged 5-15 years were included from the Pediatric Obesity outpatient Clinics in Halland, Sweden. Participants were randomly assigned to receive lifestyle treatment with or without Family Meals on Prescription (FMP) consisting of a subsidized prepacked grocery bag including recipes and provisions for five Family Meals per week for 3 months. The primary endpoint was changed in BMIz after 3, 12 and 18-24 months and secondary endpoints included to assess tolerability of FMP and effects on metabolic biomarker and frequency of shared meals. Eighty-nine children (51.7% female) entered the study, 54 patients in the intervention group and 35 in the control group. There were no significant differences between the groups concerning gender, age or level of obesity at baseline. The Family Meal on Prescription intervention combined with lifestyle treatment led to a significantly greater reduction in BMIz than lifestyle treatment alone after the 3-month long intervention (- 0.17 vs + 0.01, p < 0.01); however, this difference was not sustained throughout the study period, and in fact, the control group had a greater reduction in BMIz after 18-24 months.A subsidized prepacked grocery bag may be a novel, well-tolerated and effective tool in the treatment of childhood obesity. The fact that the BMIz reduction shown at the end of the intervention did not persist over time emphasized the need of long-term treatment. Registered at clinicaltrals.gov 27 Nov 2020, retrospectively registered: clinicaltrials.gov number 19002468. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05225350 What is Known: • Swedish data shows that lifestyle treatment alone is not sufficient for many families undergoing treatment for childhood obesity. • Regular family meals and mealtime routines have been shown to be important for nutritional health and dietary patterns in children and adolescents. What is New: • This intervention with a participatory approach involving prepacked family meals was well tolerated and led to a significant reduction in BMIz during the intervention. • That fact that these results were not sustained over time indicates a need to evaluate longer interventions, and that childhood obesity is a chronic and complex disease which requires long-time treatments.
The present invention relates generally to a method of modulating cellular activity and to agents for use therein. More particularly, the present invention provides a method of modulating cellular activity by modulating phosphorylation of sphingosine kinase and, thereby, its activation. In a related aspect, the present invention provides a method of modulating sphingosine kinase functional activity via modulation of its phosphorylation and agents for use therein. The present invention still further extends to sphingosine kinase variants and to functional derivatives, homologues or analogues, chemical equivalents and mimetics thereof exhibiting reduced and/or ablated capacity to undergo phosphorylation. The method and molecules of the present invention are useful, inter alia, in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of conditions characterised by aberrant, unwanted or otherwise inappropriate cellular and/or sphingosine kinase functional activity. The present invention is further directed to methods for identifying and/or designing agents capable of modulating sphingosine kinase phosphorylation.
NEW MATERIAL:Antibiotic MMB-2040A shown by the formula I and antibiotic BBM-2040B shown by the formula II. USE:An antibiotic and an antitumor agent. Inhibiting activities of Gram-positive bacteria and acid-fast bacteria, further inhibiting growth of tumor (e.g., leukemia P 338 of mouse). PROCESS:A bacterium[e.g., strain of Streptomyces sp. J 576-99 (ATCC 39143)] belonging to the genus Streptomyces, capable of producing BBM-2040 is cultivated under submerged aerobic conditions in an aqueous nutrient medium containing a source capable of assimilating carbon and nitrogen until a substantial amount of BBM-2040 is produced in the medium, and the use of methanol is avoided in the following extraction and chromatography purification operations, to give a compound shown by the formula II in a demethanol state. When methanol is used as an extraction solvent or eluting solvent, a compound shown by the formula I , an adduct of the compound shown by the formula II with methanol, is obtained.
Sitagliptin and metformin hydrochloride tablets

Sitagliptin and metformin hydrochloride tablets combines two antihyperglycemic agents with complementary mechanisms of action to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: sitagliptin, a DPP- 4 inhibitor, and metformin HCl, a member of the biguanide class.

Sitagliptin

Sitagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor, which is believed to exert its actions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by slowing the inactivation of incretin hormones. Concentrations of the active intact hormones are increased by sitagliptin, thereby increasing and prolonging the action of these hormones. Incretin hormones, including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), are released by the intestine throughout the day, and levels are increased in response to a meal. These hormones are rapidly inactivated by the enzyme DPP-4. The incretins are part of an endogenous system involved in the physiologic regulation of glucose homeostasis. When blood glucose concentrations are normal or elevated, GLP-1 and GIP increase insulin synthesis and release from pancreatic beta cells by intracellular signaling pathways involving cyclic AMP. GLP-1 also lowers glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells, leading to reduced hepatic glucose production. By increasing and prolonging active incretin levels, sitagliptin increases insulin release and decreases glucagon levels in the circulation in a glucose-dependent manner. Sitagliptin demonstrates selectivity for DPP-4 and does not inhibit DPP-8 or DPP-9 activity in vitro at concentrations approximating those from therapeutic doses.

Metformin

Metformin is an antihyperglycemic agent which improves glucose tolerance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, lowering both basal and postprandial plasma glucose. Metformin decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization. With metformin therapy, insulin secretion remains unchanged while fasting insulin levels and day-long plasma insulin response may decrease.
A method for detecting CPNE3 (CPN3, copine III, copine 3) in HER2 positive breast cancer comprising: selecting a subject with elevated ERBB2/HER2-positive breast cancer, isolating a serum or plasma sample from the subject, and detecting CPNE3 in the sample. Also claimed is a separate method for detecting copine III in a non-HER2-positive cancer. The method may further comprise predicting the likelihood of a subject responding well to treatment based on a biomarker. CPNE3 may be detected using an anti-CPNE3 antibody. CPNE3 may be detected using an immunoassay or ELISA. The antibody may comprise a detectable label. Detecting the complex may comprise contacting the sample with a secondary antibody. The method may further comprise a step of determining the age of the subject. Also claimed is a kit for detecting CPNE3. Also claimed is a pharmaceutical composition comprising an inhibitor of a CPNE3 activity, such as an siRNA, a heterobifunctional small molecule, or PhosTac.
A pharmacokinetic study of RANEXA in subjects with severe renal impairment (CrCL < 30 mL/min) was stopped when 2 of 4 subjects developed acute renal failure after receiving RANEXA 500 mg twice daily for 5 days (lead-in phase) followed by 1000 mg twice a day (1 dose in one subject and 11 doses in the other). Increases in creatinine, BUN, and potassium were observed in 3 subjects during the 500 mg lead-in phase. One subject required hemodialysis, while the other 2 subjects improved upon drug discontinuation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. Monitor renal function periodically in patients with moderate to severe renal impairment. Discontinue RANEXA if acute renal failure develops.

In a separate study, Cmax was increased between 40% and 50% in patients with mild, moderate, or severe renal impairment compared to patients with no renal impairment, suggesting a similar increase in exposure in patients with renal failure independent of the degree of impairment. The pharmacokinetics of ranolazine has not been assessed in patients on dialysis.
PURPOSE:To improve magnetic response, dispersion stability and affinity to a biological material by adding FeCl3 and dextran to a mixture solution of CoCl2, FeCl2 and ZnCl2 and adding NaOH dropwise thereto under stirring. CONSTITUTION:To a mixture solution composed of 40 to 70wt.% Co, 10 to 25wt.% Zn and Fe and composed of 0.01 to 0.1mol/l CoCl2, FeCl2 and ZnCl2, an equal amount of an FeCl3 solution with two time the concentration is added. Dextran is added to the resultant mixture solution so as to prepare an aqueous dextran solution of 0.5 to 15wt.%. NaOH is then added dropwise to the prepared solution under stirring so as to complete a coprecipitation reaction at pH 12 to 13. The resultant liquid is subsequently diluted with distilled water and stirred and only dispersed materials floating in the solution are recovered. The recovered reactional products except fine dextran-coated ferrite particles are then removed by ultrafiltration or get-filtration, thus producing the objective fine dextran-coated magnetic particles for marking a biological material, composed of a (Co-Fe-Zn).Fe3O4 ferrite fine particles and having 5 to 10nm crystal grain diameter.