anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Lung transplant recipients are routinely followed in clinic every three months after the first year post-transplant. Spirometry with measurement of FEV1, FVC and FEF25-75 are obtained at each visit. In addition, lung transplant recipients undergo surveillance bronchoscopy at one, three, six, nine and twelve months. All bronchoscopy specimens that are obtained for this study will be obtained during bronchoscopies that were scheduled per the physician caring for the patient. An extra 90 cc of sterile solution will be instilled into bronchus and two extra transbronchial biopsies will be performed in addition to the routine bronchoscopic procedure. Routinely, 4-8 transbronchial biopsy samples are obtained from the transplanted lung. Two specimens will be randomly selected for study and the rest will undergo routine histopathologic study. The study biopsies will be set aside and processed. The study visits for this research will occur at the same time as standard of care post transplant visits. We will collect subject's history,demographic of subject's transplant data,donor procurement information, physical exam information, pregnancy tests,blood test and spirometry results from the visits mentioned above.
Niacin administered to mice for a lifetime as a 1% solution in drinking water was not carcinogenic. The mice in this study received approximately 6 to 8 times a human dose of 3000 mg/day as determined on a mg/m basis. Niacin was negative for mutagenicity in the Ames test. No studies on impairment of fertility have been performed. No studies have been conducted with NIASPAN regarding carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, or impairment of fertility. 2
As global aging becomes more prominent, neurocognitive disorders (NCD) incidence has increased. Patients with NCD usually have an impairment in one or more cognitive domains, such as attention, planning, inhibition, learning, memory, language, visual perception, and spatial or social skills. Studies indicate that 50-80% of these adults will develop neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), such as apathy, depression, anxiety, disinhibition, delusions, hallucinations, and aberrant motor behavior. The progression of NCD and subsequent NPS requires tremendous care from trained medical professionals and family members. The behavioral symptoms are often more distressing than cognitive changes, causing caregiver distress/depression, more emergency room visits and hospitalizations, and even earlier institutionalization. This signifies the need for early identification of individuals at higher risk of NPS, understanding the trajectory of their NCD, and exploring treatment modalities. In this case report and review, we present an 82-year-old male admitted to our facility for new-onset symptoms of depression, anxiety, and persecutory delusions. He has no significant past psychiatric history, and his medical history is significant for extensive ischemic vascular disease requiring multiple surgeries and two episodes of cerebrovascular accident (CVA). On further evaluation, the patient was diagnosed with major NCD, vascular subtype. We discuss differential diagnoses and development of NPS from NCD in order to explain the significance of more thorough evaluation by clinicians for early detection and understanding of NCD prognosis.
Participants will be divided into two groups. Men and women between the ages of 20-35 years and 65-85 years. Participants in the older age group will be randomly assigned to receive groups (n3-PUFA or placebo (soybean oil)) in a double-blind manner. Before and after the intervention, all participants will complete an outpatient study day (body composition, blood draw, treadmill test, strength test) and an inpatient study day (muscle biopsies, fat biopsies, indirect calorimetry, exercise test, mixed meal test). During the intervention phase of the study, participants will be instructed to swallow 2 softgels twice per day with meals (morning and evening) for a total of 4 softgels per day. Every 4 weeks, participants will report to the Clinical Research and Trials Unit (CRTU) to pick up a new prescription and return any remaining capsules from the previous prescription. On the day they pick up prescription refills, participants will report to the CRTU for a fasting blood sample. The duration of the intervention will be 6 months.
The invention provides a method for releasing capsular polysaccharide from S. aureus type 5 or type 8 cells, comprising the step of treating the cells with acid. The invention further provides a process for purifying capsular polysaccharide from S. aureus type 5 or type 8 cells comprising this method. Other processing steps may be included in the process, such as enzymatic treatment, e.g. to remove nucleic acid, protein and/or peptidoglycan contaminants; diafiltration, e.g. to remove low molecular weight contaminants; anion exchange chromatography, e.g. to remove residual protein; and concentration.
Instructed brushing method. Participants are asked to brush twice daily, for 2 minutes at a time, following instructions for the Stationary Bristle Technique.
Adults

The safety and efficacy of ZEMPLAR capsules were evaluated in a Phase 3, 12-week, double blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multicenter study in patients with CKD Stage 5 on HD or PD. The study used a three times a week dosing design. A total of 61 patients received ZEMPLAR capsules and 27 patients received placebo. The mean age of the patients was 57 years, 67% were male, 50% were Caucasian, 45% were African- American, and 53% were diabetic. The average baseline serum iPTH was 701 pg/mL (range: 216-1933 pg/mL). The average time since first dialysis across all subjects was 3.3 years. 

The initial dose of ZEMPLAR capsules was based on baseline iPTH/60. Subsequent dose adjustments were based on iPTH/60 as well as primary chemistry results that were measured once a week. Starting at Treatment Week 2, study drug was maintained, increased or decreased weekly based on the results of the previous week’s calculation of iPTH/60. ZEMPLAR capsules were administered three times a week, not more than every other day. 

The proportion of patients achieving at least two consecutive weekly ≥ 30% reductions from baseline serum iPTH was 88% of ZEMPLAR capsules treated patients and 13% of the placebo treated patients. The proportion of patients achieving at least two consecutive weekly ≥ 30% reductions from baseline iPTH was similar for HD and PD patients. 

The incidence of hypercalcemia (defined as two consecutive serum calcium values > 10.5 mg/dL) in patients treated with ZEMPLAR capsules was 6.6% as compared to 0% for patients given placebo. In PD patients the incidence of hypercalcemia in patients treated with ZEMPLAR capsules was 21% as compared to 0% for patients given placebo. The patterns of change in the mean values for serum iPTH are shown in Figure 2. The rate of hypercalcemia with ZEMPLAR capsules may be reduced with a lower dosing regimen based on the iPTH/80 formula as shown by computer simulations. The hypercalcemia rate can be further predicted to decrease, if the treatment is initiated in only those with baseline serum calcium ≤ 9.5 mg/dL [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2) and Dosage and Administration (2.2)]. 

Figure 2. Mean Values for Serum iPTH Over Time in a Phase 3, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled CKD Stage 5 Study
Consenting patient participants will complete PRO surveys at baseline (T0) and 2 (T1), 4 (T2), 8 (T3) and 12 weeks (T4) after endocrine therapy initiation. Surveys will be administered within the Outcomes4Me smart phone app. Each survey will include 15 PRO-CTCAE items about common symptoms during adjuvant endocrine therapy. In addition, patient participants will self-report participants' endocrine therapy at each time point. Demographics and financial hardship will be assessed at baseline. Quality of life will be assessed at baseline and 12 weeks after endocrine therapy initiation. Global bother due to side effects of treatment will be assessed at each time point with the Functional Assessment of Cancer (FACT-B) General Population (GP5) item. Patient participants will also complete a single item from the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Medication Adherence Scale (PMAS) to assess overall adherence at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after endocrine therapy initiation and the entire PMAS 12 weeks after endocrine therapy initiation. In addition, patient participants will report participants' co-payment and pharmacy 2 weeks after endocrine therapy initiation and symptom management interventions the participants have pursued 12 weeks after endocrine therapy initiation. The clinical teams will be alerted if patient participants report severe or worsening symptoms exceeding pre-defined thresholds on the PRO-CTCAE questions. Both patients and members of the clinical team will be offered information about evidence-based symptom management strategies. Patients will complete an End-of-Study Evaluation 12 weeks after endocrine therapy initiation to provide feedback about the study intervention.

Semi-structured interviews will be conducted with consenting members of the study teams and clinical teams at study sites with at least 2 patient participants, at least one of whom has passed the T2 survey time point and at least one of whom has had at least 1 alert for severe or worsening symptom(s). Semi-structured interviews will evaluate barriers and facilitators to implementation of the study intervention.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Adolescents living with HIV show chronic inflammation, which in turn has been linked to mental health outcomes in the general population. The increased risk for mental health issues in adolescents with HIV may thus be driven by HIV-related inflammation. In this review, we discuss the associations between peripheral and central nervous system inflammation and mental health outcomes in adolescents with HIV.
RECENT FINDINGS: Preclinical models indicate that expression of HIV viral proteins early in life may lead to neuroinflammation and behavioural deficits in adolescence. Clinical evidence is available primarily in the general population and in adults with HIV, and suggests that inflammatory biomarkers such as IL-6 and TNF-α may be associated with depressive symptoms. Only one study has explored these relationships in adolescents with HIV, and did not find that inflammatory biomarkers in the blood or brain were linked to depressive symptoms. Current research in this field focuses overwhelmingly on peripheral inflammatory biomarkers (compared to neuroimaging biomarkers) and on depression (compared to other mental health conditions).
SUMMARY: There is strong evidence to suggest that neuroinflammation and peripheral inflammation may play a role in the development of mental health issues in adolescents, but research in adolescents with HIV is sparse. Characterizing the relationship between inflammation and mental health in adolescents with HIV may help improve the prediction, prevention, early intervention, and treatment of mental health issues in this population.
The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of ELAPRASE. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

In post-marketing experience, late-emergent symptoms and signs of anaphylactic reactions have occurred up to 24 hours after initial treatment and recovery from an initial anaphylactic reaction. In addition, patients experienced repeated anaphylaxis over a two- to four-month period, up to several years after initiating ELAPRASE treatment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

A seven year-old male patient with Hunter syndrome, who received ELAPRASE at twice the recommended dosage (1 mg/kg weekly) for 1.5 years, experienced two anaphylactic events after 4.5 years of treatment. Treatment has been withdrawn [see Overdosage (10)].

Serious adverse reactions that resulted in death included cardiorespiratory arrest, respiratory failure, respiratory distress, cardiac failure, and pneumonia.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject preparation for external use having excellent moisturizing effect and skin-roughening preventive effect by formulating a specific structure of sphingoglycolipid thereto. SOLUTION: The preparation for external use for skim is obtained by formulating a sphingoglycolipid having the structure of the formula (R1 is one to four hexoses, etc., selected front uronic acid, glucosamine, galactose, etc.; R2 is an alkyl, an alkenyl, etc., R3 is an alkyl) and further preferably adding components, e.g. skin lighteners (e.g. arbutin allantoin, etc.), surfactatats, coloring matters, perfumes, antiseptics, pigments, anitoxidants (e.g. α-tocopherol, butylhydroxytoluene, etc.), etc. As components capable of additionally adding, for example, oil and fat components, phospholipids, UV absorbers, IR absorbers and emulsions are illustrated. The objective preparation for external use for skin can be used as cosmetics such as toilet soap, shampoo, cleansing material and rinse and medicines such as ointment, medicine for stupe, medicinal lip balm and antiatopic agent.
As a critical member of adhesion molecule integrin family and an important representative angiogenesis-related molecular, integrin αvβ3 is expressed at low levels on mature endothelial cells and normal cells, but it is overexpressed on the neovasculature endothelial cells, which has a high specificity and affinity in binding to the tri-peptide sequence of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD). Angiogenesis in the synovial membrane plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therefore, radiolabeled RGD peptides can be used as molecular probe in radionuclide imaging to assess angiogenesis noninvasively in vitro and investigate the progress of RA, so as to achieve the goal of early diagnosis and efficacy evaluation for RA.

Accordingly, a variety of radiolabeled RGD peptides have been used as radiotracers targeting the integrin αvβ3 expression to assess angiogenesis in vitro for noninvasive imaging via PET (positron emission tomography) or SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography). Some radiolabeled cyclic RGD peptides, such as 18F-Galacto-RGD, 18F-AH111585 and 99mTc-NC100692, have been investigated into clinical trials. The results demonstrated that both radiotracers allowed the specific imaging of various types of tumors, and the tumor uptake correlated well with the expression of integrin αvβ3 in both animal models and patients. Recently, several RGD dimeric peptides with PEG linkers have been studied. The new types of RGD peptides showed much higher in vitro integrin αvβ3-binding affinity than the single RGD tri-peptide sequence, and importantly, they exhibited significantly increased tumor uptake and improved in vivo kinetics in animal models. As a representative, 99mTc-3PRGD2 could be easily prepared and exhibited excellent in vivo behaviors in animal models. No adverse reactions are observed in animal models to date.

99mTc-3PRGD2, a novel tracer targeting integrin αvβ3 receptor, was tried to use in some tumors in recent years. However, there are few studies of 99mTc-3PRGD2 in other diseases except for tumors, especially no relevant reports in rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, the investigators expect to further expand the applications of 99mTc-3PRGD2 in other diseases and to provide new methods and thoughts of assessing the efficacy of anti-αvβ3 or anti-angiogenesis therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. Based on the investigators previous animal study of 99mTc-3PRGD2 in RA, the investigators have strong interests in clinical trials of 99mTc-3PRGD2. An open-label SPECT/CT study has been designed to investigate 99mTc-3PRGD2 SPECT/CT in diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of RA. A single dose of nearly 11.1MBq/kg body weight 99mTc-3PRGD2 (≤20µg 3PRGD2) will be intravenously injected into the patients. Visual and semiquantitative method will be used to assess the whole-body planar and lesions section SPECT/CT images. Adverse events will also be observed in the patients.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of guasha-fangsha (scrapping and bleeding) therapy combined with electroacupuncture (EA) on greater occipital neuralgia.
METHODS: Ninety patients with greater occipital neuralgia were randomly divided into an observation group (45 cases) and a control group (45 cases, 2 cases dropped out). In the control group, EA was delivered at Fengfu (GV 16) and bilateral Tianzhu (BL 10), Fengchi (GB 20), Wangu (GB 12), Yuzhen (BL 9) and Houxi (SI 3), with disperse-dense wave, at 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency and 2 mA to 6 mA in intensity, for 30 min in each intervention, once every other days, 3 times a week. In the observation group, on the basis of the intervention as the control group, guasha-fangsha therapy was used along the distribution of the bladder meridian of foot-taiyang on the occipital region and that of the gallbladder meridian of foot-shaoyang on the lateral side of the head, once weekly. The duration of treatment was 3 weeks in the two groups. In the two groups, before treatment, after 1, 2 and 3 weeks of treatment and in follow-up visit after 3 weeks of treatment completion, the score of visual analogue scale (VAS) was observed; before and after treatment, as well as in follow-up visit after 3 weeks of treatment completion, the scores of self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) were observed; after treatment and in follow-up visit after 3 weeks of treatment completion, the clinical efficacy was evaluated.
RESULTS: After one week of treatment, the VAS score in the observation group decreased when compared with that before treatment (P<0.05), while the scores in 2 and 3 weeks of treatment and in follow-up visit after 3 weeks of treatment completion were lower than those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05) separately. At each time point after treatment, the VAS scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment and during the follow-up visit, the scores of SAS and SDS decreased when compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05), and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05); the scores of each item in SF-36 were elevated in comparison with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05), and the scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 91.1% (41/45), higher than that (76.7%, 33/43) of the control group (P<0.05). In follow-up visit, the total effective rate of the observation group was 91.1% (41/45), which was higher than 72.1% (31/43) of the control group (P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: Guasha-fangsha therapy combined with electroacupuncture can effectively relieve greater occipital neuralgia, alleviate pain severity, ameliorate anxiety and depression and improve the quality of life in the patients.
Chronic subdural hematomas (CSDHs) are one of the most common neurosurgical conditions. The goal of surgery is to alleviate symptoms and minimize the risk of symptomatic recurrences. The standard surgical technique includes burr-hole craniostomy, followed by intraoperative irrigation and placement of subdural closed-system drainage. The drainage is removed after 48 hours, which can be described as fixed-time drainage strategy. According to literature, the recurrence rate is 5-33% with this strategy. In the investigators' retrospective study, postoperative hematoma volume (p=0.001, B=0.028, Exp(B)=1.028, 95% CI 1.011-1.046) was found to significantly increase the risk of recurrence. Based on these results, an exhaustive drainage strategy may minimize postoperative hematoma volume and achieve a low recurrence rate and good outcomes. This is a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial designed to include 304 participants over the age of 18 years presenting with a symptomatic CSDH verified on cranial computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. After informed consent is obtained, participants are randomly allocated to an exhaustive drainage or fixed-time drainage group. The primary endpoint is recurrence indicating a reoperation within 6 months. Secondary outcomes include modified Rankin Scale, Markwalder Grading Scale, European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions-5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L), rate of complications, rate of adverse events and effect on comorbidity.
As temperatures continue to modify due to weather changes, more regions are being exposed to extreme heat and cold. Physiological distress due to low and high temperatures can affect the heart, blood vessels, liver, and especially, the kidneys. Dehydration causes impaired cell function and heat itself triggers cellular stress. The decline in circulating plasma volume by sweat, which stresses the renal and cardiovascular systems, has been related to some molecules that are crucial players in preventing or provoking cellular damage. Hypovolemia and blood redistribution to cutaneous blood vessels reduce perfusion to the kidney triggering the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. In this review, we expose a deeper understanding of the modulation of molecules that interact with other proteins in humans to provide significant findings in the context of extreme heat and cold environments and renal damage reversal. We focus on the molecular changes exerted by temperature and dehydration in the renal system as both parameters are heavily implicated by weather change (e.g., vasopressin-induced fructose uptake, fructogenesis, and hypertension). We also discuss the compensatory mechanisms activated under extreme temperatures that can exert further kidney injury. To finalize, we place special emphasis on the renal mechanisms of protection against temperature extremes, focusing on two important protein groups: heat shock proteins and sirtuins.