anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, oncology, and can be used for combined treatment of patients with primarily operable or locally advanced inoperable breast cancer. To do this, drug therapy, including courses of neoadjuvant combined polychemotherapy (NAPCP) according to the 4AC→4T scheme: doxorubicin 60 mg/m+ cyclophosphamide 600 mg/mevery 3 weeks, followed by 12 injections of paclitaxel 80 mg/mweekly. Simultaneously with the drug therapy, 8 courses of high-intensity focused ultrasound therapy (VFUZT) with an average acoustic power of 300–600 W daily, with a break of 3 weeks. With a maximum tumor size of up to 30 mm, 3 sessions of VFVTT for 1 course are carried out. With a maximum tumor size of 31–40 mm – 4 sessions per 1 course. With a maximum tumor size of more than 40 mm – 5 sessions per 1 course.EFFECT: method provides increase in effectiveness of NAPHT, maximum reduction in the volume of the tumor, while minimizing the risk of side effects – skin burns of I-II degree, development of high-intensity pain syndrome in treatment zone, translation of the locally advanced process into a localized one with the possibility of performing the next stage of treatment – radical surgery in a minimal amount.1 cl, 2 ex
The production method of a kind of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. liquid form product, relates to Lycium ruthenicum Murr. liquid form product field, and it is completed by following steps, Lycium ruthenicum Murr. dry fruit → pulverizing extraction → add ascorbic acid → filtration → allotment → fill → sterilization → product；The beneficial effects of the present invention is: this technology is screened by the antioxidant effect of the multiple Natural antioxidant, select ascorbic acid, tea polyphenols, Herba Rosmarini Officinalis extract as antioxidant, improve the stability of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. anthocyanidin in water-soluble products, not only product oxidative degradation of anthocyanidin in storage is reduced to minimum level, ensure that product colour is stable simultaneously, and make product colour close to Lycium ruthenicum Murr. anthocyanidin color in neutral aqueous solution, improve item property and the acceptance level of consumer of product.After the present invention uses antioxidant, it is therefore prevented that the oxidation stain of anthocyanidin in product.
By the 1950s, diabetic retinopathy had become a leading cause of blindness and visual disability in the United States. The use of photocoagulation to treat proliferative retinopathy gained widespread use in ophthalmic practice following its introduction in 1959. However, only a few studies of photocoagulation incorporated any of the basic principles of controlled clinical trials, and these involved inadequate numbers of patients. Consequently, there has been inadequate evidence of the actual value of the procedure. Because of the clinical importance of diabetic retinopathy and the increasing use of photocoagulation in its management, the Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS) was begun in 1971. This randomized, controlled clinical trial involved more than 1,700 patients enrolled at 15 medical centers.

One eye of each patient was randomly assigned to immediate photocoagulation and the other to followup without treatment, regardless of the course followed by either eye. The eye chosen for photocoagulation was randomly assigned to either of two treatment techniques, one using an argon laser and the other a xenon arc photocoagulator. Patients were followed at 4-month intervals according to a protocol that provided for measurement of best corrected visual acuity.

Treatment was usually completed in one or two sittings and included scatter (panretinal) photocoagulation extending to or beyond the vortex vein ampulae. The argon treatment technique specified 800 to 1,600, 500-micron scatter burns of 0.1 second duration and direct treatment of new vessels whether on or within one disc diameter of the optic disc (NVD) or outside this area (NVE). Focal treatment was also applied to microaneurysms or other lesions thought to be causing macular edema. Followup treatment was applied as needed at 4-month intervals. The xenon technique was similar, but scatter burns were fewer in number, generally of longer duration, and stronger, and direct treatment was applied only to NVE on the surface of the retina.
Obesity is a disease much like any other chronic disease with multiple causes. Therefore, all contributing factors should be addressed to assist in effective weight loss. Women are twice as likely to be affected, starting at puberty. Weight reduction is challenging, in part, because of metabolic adaptations and hormonal changes that favor weight regain and these changes persist for months, if not years. Creating an energy deficit is the core of effective treatment of obesity. Physical activity is especially important to maintain weight reduction. Medications have an important role in reducing food consumption, unless contraindicated.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We review the clinical presentations of invasive fungal infections in a selection of inborn errors of immunity. In addition, we review the particularities of their management, including antifungal therapy, prophylaxis, and immunomodulatory treatments.
RECENT FINDINGS: Patients with chronic granulomatous disease and with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) deficiency are particularly prone to aspergillosis. Mold-active antifungal prophylaxis should be prescribed to all patients with chronic granulomatous disease, and in patients with STAT3 deficiency and underlying parenchymal lung disease. Invasive fungal infections are rare in patients with STAT1 gain-of-function mutations, while the clinical phenotype of caspase-associated recruitment domain-containing protein 9 deficiency encompasses a wide range of superficial and invasive fungal infections. Most patients with inborn errors of immunity and invasive fungal infections require prolonged durations of antifungals. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation should be considered early for patients with chronic granulomatous disease, but results have been more mixed for other inborn errors of immunity with active invasive fungal infections.
SUMMARY: Inborn errors of immunity can confer increased susceptibility to a variety of invasive fungal infections, which can present with specific clinical and radiological features. Management of fungal infections in these patients is often challenging, and relies on a combination of antimicrobial prophylaxis, antifungal treatments, and immunomodulation.
Obesity has been linked with the impairment of spatial memory and synaptic plasticity but the molecular mechanisms remained unidentified. Since glutamatergic transmission and NMDA receptor neural pathways in hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) are essential in the learning and memory, we aimed to investigate glutamate (Glu) and NMDA receptor signaling of DG in spatial learning and memory in diet-induced obesity (DIO) rats. Spatial learning and memory were assessed via Morris water maze (MWM) test on control (Ctr) and DIO rats. Extracellular concentration of Glu in the DG was determined using in vivo microdialysis and HPLC. The protein expressions of NMDA receptor subunit 2B (NR2B), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) and cAMP-response-element-binding protein (CREB) in the DG were observed by western blot. Spatial learning and memory were impaired in DIO rats compared to those of Ctr. NR2B expression was increased, while BDNF expression and CaMKII and CREB activation were decreased in DG of DIO rats. Extracellular concentration of Glu was increased in Ctr on the 3rd and 4th days of the MWM test, but significant further increment was observed in DIO rats. Microinjection of an NMDA antagonist (MK-801) into the DG reversed spatial learning and memory impairment. Such effects were accompanied by greater BDNF expression and CaMKII/CREB activation in the DG of DIO rats. In conclusion, the enhancement of Glu-NMDA receptor transmission in the hippocampal DG contributes to the impairment of spatial learning and memory in DIO rats, maybe via the modulation of CaMKII-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway.
PURPOSE: A food composition for the prevention and improvement of lipid metabolism abnormality and a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention and treatment of lipid metabolism abnormality are provided. CONSTITUTION: A food composition includes fermented red ginseng as an active ingredient. The fermented red ginseng is manufactured by fermenting red ginseng with monascus pilosus for 3 to 7 days. The food composition prevents and improves lipid metabolism abnormality due to diabetes or obesity. The food composition increases blood high density lipoprotein cholesterol. The food composition reduces triglyceride in blood. The fermented red ginseng has an increased Rg2 and Rg3 contents in the red ginseng through fermentation. The fermented red ginseng has an increased panaxadiol content in the red ginseng through fermentation. [Reference numerals] (AA) Lipid metabolism abnormality (diabetes group); (BB) Total cholesterol; (CC,EE) Cholesterol; (DD) Triglyceride; (FF) Negative control group; (GG) Diabetes control group; (HH) Comparative example 1; (II) Example 1; (JJ) Example 2
Lactoferricin (Trade Mark), also called LFCIN (Trade Mark), a potent antimicrobial peptide, is produced by contacting an enzymatic hydrolysate of bovine lactoferrin or any mixture of peptides containing lactoferricin preferably with a butyl moiety-containing hydrophobic interaction chromatography medium, or alternatively with a carboxymethyl moiety-containing cation-exchange chromatography medium, rinsing the medium to remove unbound peptides, desorbing the lactoferricin solution at constant pH, and desalting the desorbed solution. The utility of the process is illustrated, for example, as follows. An enzymatic hydrolysate of bovine lactoferricin (600 g) was contacted with 3000 ml of BUTYL-TOYOPEARL 650 M, the medium was rinsed with water, and then with McIlvaine (citric acid-sodium phosphate) buffer at pH 7.0., and lactoferricin was desorbed with McIlvaine buffer at pH 5.0. The desorbed material was desalted by contacting it with BUTYL-TOYOPEARL 650 M, rinsing the medium with water to remove the buffer salts, and desorbing the lactoferricin with 10 mM HCl. A yield of 10.5 g of 99% purity was obtained. The product has applications as a safe and effective antimicrobial agent for use in oral hygiene products, cosmetics, clinical foods, etc.
The present invention relates to a detoxifizyme with the activity of transforming aflatoxin and the gene encodes thereof. Inventors firstly isolate and purify a novel protein, named aflatoxin-detoxifizyme (ADTZ), which has the activity of transforming aflatoxin. The primes specify to the ADTZ gene are obtained through purification and sequencing. The gene encoding of ADTZ is cloned from the total RNA of  Armillariella tabescens.  The recombinant protein is expressed and purified through various expression systems using genetic engineering methods. The said detoxifizyme has bioactivity of transforming AFB 1 , reducing mutagenic effects of AFB 1 . It has great potential for the manufacturing of feed or food and development of anti-tumor medicament.
Women taking aromatase inhibitors for adjuvant therapy for their breast cancer will receive 150 mg of sulindac twice daily for 12 months. They will receive up to 4 MRI within 12 months.
Background. The sequence of establishing proximal stability or function before facilitation of the distal body part has long been recognized in stroke rehabilitation practice but lacks scientific evidence. This study plans to examine the effects of proximal priority robotic priming and impairment-oriented training (PRI) and distal priority robotic priming and impairment-oriented training (DRI).

Methods. This is a single-blind randomized comparative efficacy study involving 54-72 participants with chronic stroke. Participants will be randomized into PRI or DRI groups and receive 18 intervention sessions (90 min/d, 3 d/wk for 6 weeks). The Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Extremity subscale, Medical Research Council Scale, Revised Nottingham Sensory Assessment, and Wolf Motor Function Test will be administered at baseline, after treatment, and at the 3-month follow-up. Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and the Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detector Method will be used to examine the comparative efficacy and predictors of outcome, respectively, after PRI and DRI.
The present invention discloses an emulsion preparation and a preparation method thereof, and the emulsion preparation is formed by extracting and compounding natural medicines and has an antitumor function. The emulsion preparation is composed of coix seed oil, brucea javanica oil, fabaceous lecithin, pure glycerol and injection water. The active substances of the pure Chinese herbal medicines can be protected from losing by intravenous administration. The emulsion preparation is convenient for an organism to directly absorb, and can exert optimal effect. The emulsion preparation has the effect of heat clearing, detoxication, kidney nourishment and Yin supplement, and is especially suitable for inhibiting Ehrlich carcinoma, cervical cancers and the proliferation of ascitic type liver cancer cells and preventing atherosclerosis, etc. The emulsion preparation is clinically used for antitumor effect and is mainly used for treating cancers.
BACKGROUND: Neuroinflammation, mediated by the activation of microglia, contributes to central sensitization, which is associated with the development of chronic migraine (CM). TREM1 receptors amplify the inflammatory response. However, their relationship to CM is unclear. Thus, this study endeavoured to elucidate the exact role of TREM1 in CM.
METHODS: Nitroglycerin (NTG) was repeatedly administered intraperitoneally to establish the CM model. Mechanical and thermal sensitivities were assessed using von Frey filaments and hot plate assays. Using Western blotting, TREM1, NF-κB pathway, NLRP3 inflammasome components, and proinflammatory cytokines were all detected. Immunofluorescence was used to examine the cellular distribution of TREM1 and NLRP3, the number of microglia, immunoreactivity, and morphological changes. We examined the effects of TREM1 antagonists (LR12) and NF-κB inhibitors (PDTC) on pain behaviour, as well as the production of c-fos and CGRP. Additionally, we investigated whether LR12 and PDTC affect the activation of microglia and the NLRP3 inflammasome. We synthesized siRNA and TREM1-overexpressing plasmids to transfect BV2 cells treated with LPS and normal BV2 cells and treated TREM1-overexpressing BV2 cells with PDTC. The NF-κB pathway, NLRP3 inflammasome components, and proinflammatory cytokines were quantified using Western blotting.
RESULTS: Following NTG administration, the expression of TREM1 was significantly upregulated and exclusively localized in microglia in the TNC, and was well co-localized with NLRP3. Furthermore, activation of the classical NF-κB pathway was observed. Pre-treatment with LR12 and PDTC effectively attenuated mechanical hypersensitivity, suppressed the expression of c-fos and CGRP, and inhibited NF-κB activity in CM mice. Additionally, inhibition of TREM1 and NF-κB activity mitigated NTG-induced microglia and NLRP3 activation, as well as proinflammatory cytokines production. In vitro, knockdown of TREM1 resulted in attenuated activation of the NF-κB pathway following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment and reduced expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components as well as proinflammatory cytokines. After TREM1 overexpression, the NF-κB pathway was activated, NLRP3 inflammasome components and proinflammatory cytokines were upregulated, and PDTC reversed this phenomenon.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that TREM1 regulates microglia and NLRP3 activation via the NF-κB pathway, thereby contributing to central sensitization and implicating its involvement in chronic migraine pathogenesis.
Patients agreeing to participate will be allocated to the control group (Group C, n=25) or the block group (Group B, n=25). The allocation will be randomized using a web-based data entry and randomization platform (by using envelope selection method) by an anesthesiologist not involved in the study. At the end of the surgery, patients in Group B will receive a four-point TAP block.
All patients enrolled in the study will receive a baseline Optical Coherence Tomography scan (OCT) within 4 weeks prior to surgery. Two additional OCT scan will be performed 6 weeks and 3 months after surgery.
AIM: Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz. (EB) granules is the extract preparation of EB, with clear curative effect and unclear mechanism. This study intends to systematically explore the specific mechanism of EB granules in the treatment of IS from the metabolic perspective.
METHODS: The model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in mice was established by the suture-occluded method. The therapeutic effect of EB granules on tMCAO mice was evaluated by behavioral evaluation, brain water content determination, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and neuron specific enolase (NSE) in serum. In order to screen differential metabolites, non-targeted metabolomics technology was used to detect the metabolites in serum before and after administration. Univariate statistics, multivariate statistics and bioinformatics were used to analyze the changes of metabolites in serum of tMCAO mice. The possible related mechanism of EB granules in treating IS was screened by pathway enrichment analysis, and the preliminary verification was carried out at animal level by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot (WB).
RESULTS: EB granules could significantly improve behavior of tMCAO mice, reduce brain water content and cerebral infarction volume, improve morphology of brain tissue, reduce the levels of LDH and NSE in serum. A total of 232 differential metabolites were screened, which were mainly enriched in many biological processes such as sphingolipid metabolism. The differential metabolite S1P and its receptors S1PR1 and S1PR2 in sphingolipid metabolism were verified. The results showed that the level of S1P in brain tissue increased and the protein expression of S1PR1 decreased significantly after modeling, and reversed after administration, but there was no significant difference in the protein expression of S1PR2.
CONCLUSION: The therapeutic effects of EB granules may be related to affecting sphingolipid metabolism through regulating S1P/S1PR1.
INTRODUCTION: Hypertension is the common disorder encountered during pregnancy, complicating 5% to 10% of all pregnancies. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) are also a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The majority of feto-maternal complications due to HPD have occurred in the low- and middle-income countries. However, few studies have been done to assess the feto-maternal outcomes and the predictors of adverse perinatal outcome among women with HDP in these countries.
METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted on women with HDP who were delivered at National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vietnam from March 2023 to July 2023. Socio-demographic and obstetrics characteristics, and feto-maternal outcomes were obtained by trained study staff from interviews and medical records. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0. Bivariate and multiple logistic regressions were done to determine factors associated with adverse perinatal outcome. A 95% confidence interval not including 1 was considered statically significant.
RESULTS: A total of 255 women with HDP were enrolled. Regarding adverse maternal outcomes, HELLP syndrome (3.9%), placental abruption (1.6%), and eclampsia (1.2%) were three most common complications. There was no maternal death associated with HDP. The most common perinatal complication was preterm delivery developed in 160 (62.7%) of neonates. Eight stillbirths (3.1%) were recorded whereas the perinatal mortality was 6.3%. On bivariate logistic regression, variables such as residence, type of HDP, highest systolic BP, highest diastolic BP, platelet count, severity symptoms, and birth weight were found to be associated with adverse perinatal outcome. On multiple logistic regression, highest diastolic BP, severity symptoms, and birth weight were found to be independent predictors of adverse perinatal outcome.
CONCLUSION: Our study showed lower prevalence of stillbirth, perinatal mortality, and maternal complication compared to some previous studies. Regular antenatal care and early detection of abnormal signs during pregnancy help to devise an appropriate monitoring and treatment strategies for each women with HDP.
OBJECTIVES: Studies suggest that diets with a low glycemic index and high protein are favorable in aiding weight loss and improving weight maintenance; however, methods to measure dietary intake are comprehensive both for the participant and the study staff. We aimed to validate the accuracy of the dietary glycemic index and protein intake assessed through a food frequency questionnaire against a 4-d weighed food record in Danish pregnant women with obesity.
METHODS: A total of 31 pregnant women completed a 29-item food frequency questionnaire and a 4-d weighed food record with overlapping time periods. The women had a mean (± SD) age of 30.6 ± 3.9 y and a prepregnancy body mass index of 33.9 ± 3.5 kg/m2. We evaluated the validity of the food frequency questionnaire by Bland-Altman plots and the Spearman correlation coefficient.
RESULTS: The results of the validation study found good acceptance of the 29-item food frequency questionnaire. The mean intake of glycemic index, glycemic load, and protein intake of the 29-item food frequency questionnaire and the weighed food record correlated well, although intake data of the 29-item food frequency questionnaire tended to be lower. Spearman correlation coefficients had moderate to high correlations for glycemic index (ρ = 0.73; P < 0.001) and protein intake (ρ = 0.70; P < 0.001). A moderate correlation was found for glycemic load (ρ = 0.55; P = 0.002). There was no correlation for carbohydrates (ρ = 0.21; P = 0.253).
CONCLUSION: The results suggest no risk of bias between the two methods of assessment; hence, a 29-item food frequency questionnaire can be used to assess the mean glycemic index, glycemic load, and protein intake in pregnant women with obesity.
PURPOSE:To obtain a cosmetic having highly safe skin-beautifying effect, anti- inflammation effect and water-retainability and exhibiting excellent safety, by using a solvent extract of water shield as an active component. CONSTITUTION:Water shield used in the present invention is a plant named botanically Brasenia Schreberi J.F. Gmel. The plant is extracted with a solvent and the solvent extract is used as an active component. The solvent extract may be those produced by extracting the leaf, stalk and the mucous substance surrounding the leaf, etc., of the water shield with a solvent (e.g., water, alcohols, ethers, ketones or hydrocarbons) at normal temperature or under heating. The cosmetic may be compounded with fatty acids, fats and oils, waxes, hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, amine, amide, metal soap, surfactant, etc., as a raw material in an amount within a range to keep the effect of the solvent extract.