anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Prepn. of medicaments and foodstuff additions, for oral or rectal admin., of active constituents usually inactivated by these routes, by incorporating them in microorganisms, pref. dried before use. Pref. microorganisms is Lactobacillus bifidus. Peptide material, esp. hormones and enzymes may be protected from destruction by proteolysis in the gastrointestinal tract and administered orally or rectally instead of parenterally. Typically, insulin is mixed with dried Lactobacillus bifidus to give a prepn. active orally or rectally. 1600 mu of insulin orally is equivalent to 400 mu i.m.
The present invention relates to two novel peroxisome proliferator activated receptor subtypes, hPPAR.gamma. and hPPAR.gamma.2. hPPAR.gamma. and hPPAR.gamma.2 differ from mouse peroxisome proliferator activated receptor .gamma. in nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence. The invention provides isolated, purified, or enriched nucleic acid encoding hPPAR.gamma. or hPPAR.gamma.2 polypeptides and vectors containing thereof, cells transformed with such vectors, and method of screening for compounds capable of binding hPPAR.gamma. or hPPAR.gamma.2 polypeptides. The invention also provides isolated, purified, enriched, or recombinant hPPAR.gamma. or hPPAR.gamma.2 polypeptides, antibodies having specific binding affinity to hPPAR.gamma. or hPPAR.gamma.2 polypeptides, and hybridomas producing such antibodies.
Localized provoked vulvodynia is characterized by chronic vulvar pain that disrupts every aspect of the patient's life. Pain is localized to the vulvar vestibule, a specialized ring of tissue immediately surrounding the vaginal opening involved in immune defense. In this article, we show inflammation is the critical first step necessary for the generation of pain signals in the vulva. Inflammatory stimuli alone or combined with the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 (TRPV4) agonist 4α-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate stimulate calcium flux into vulvar fibroblast cells. Activity is blocked by the TRPV4 antagonist HC067047, denoting specificity to TRPV4. Using lipidomics, we found pro-resolving lipids in the vulvar vestibule were dysregulated, characterized by a reduction in pro-resolving mediators and heightened production of inflammatory mediators. We demonstrate specialized pro-resolving mediators represent a potential new therapy for vulvar pain, acting on 2 key parts of the disease mechanism by limiting inflammation and acutely inhibiting TRPV4 signaling.
Patients receive ABI-007 IV over 30 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15. Treatment repeats every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Examples provide an advance alert system. Emergency data including medical information is collected from a set of subscribers and stored. On receiving a threat alert from a user, an alert generation component sends an alert notification, including a threat level, to the set of subscribers within an alert zone associated with a source of the threat alert. On receiving an imminent threat alert, a call to an emergency response system is automatically initiated. On receiving a request for access to the emergency data associated with the user from an emergency responder, a unique identifier for one or more emergency responders is checked to determine if the emergency responder is authorized to access the emergency data. If the emergency responder is authorized, access is granted and the emergency data is output to the emergency responder in an anonymous format. A notification of the emergency data access is sent to the user.
Resistin, a cytokine hormone predominantly secreted by adipose tissue, is elevated in various metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. In addition to its involvement in metabolic regulation, resistin has been implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory skin disorder. Numerous studies have reported increased resistin levels in psoriatic skin lesions, suggesting a possible association between resistin and psoriasis. Recent studies have suggested the potential involvement of resistin in the development and progression of certain cancers. Resistin is overexpressed in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancers. This suggests that it may play a role in the development of these cancers, possibly by inducing inflammation and cell growth. The link between resistin and cancer raises the possibility of shared underlying mechanisms driving the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Chronic inflammation, one such mechanism, is a hallmark of psoriasis and cancer. Further research is needed to fully understand the relationship between resistin and psoriasis. Identifying potential therapeutic targets is crucial for effective management of psoriasis. By doing so, we may be able to develop more effective treatment options for individuals living with psoriasis and ultimately improve their quality of life. Ultimately, a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying the impact of resistin on psoriasis is essential for advancing our knowledge and finding new ways to treat and manage this challenging condition.
Subjects then initiate passive electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) delivered by a commercially available FDA approved neuromuscular stimulator (EMPI 300PV or its replacement, EMPI Continuum device obtained from EMPI, Inc., St Paul MN) 3 times a week to the quadriceps muscle groups (15 minutes on each side, 30 minutes total) while on hemodialysis. The duration of training will last for 4 months. Subjects will be monitored at regular intervals during the training to make sure they are doing the training correctly and they are not experiencing any problems.
Hepatic Disease With Cirrhosis and Ascites

Torsemide should be used with caution in patients with hepatic disease with cirrhosis and ascites, since sudden alterations of fluid and electrolyte balance may precipitate hepatic coma. In these patients, diuresis with torsemide (or any other diuretic) is best initiated in the hospital. To prevent hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis, an aldosterone antagonist or potassium-sparing drug should be used concomitantly with torsemide. 

Ototoxicity 

Tinnitus and hearing loss (usually reversible) have been observed after rapid intravenous injection of other loop diuretics and have also been observed after oral torsemide. It is not certain that these events were attributable to torsemide. Ototoxicity has also been seen in animal studies when very high plasma levels of torsemide were induced. 

Volume and Electrolyte Depletion 

Patients receiving diuretics should be observed for clinical evidence of electrolyte imbalance, hypovolemia, or prerenal azotemia. Symptoms of these disturbances may include one or more of the following: dryness of the mouth, thirst, weakness, lethargy, drowsiness, restlessness, muscle pains or cramps, muscular fatigue, hypotension, oliguria, tachycardia, nausea, and vomiting. Excessive diuresis may cause dehydration, blood-volume reduction, and possibly thrombosis and embolism, especially in elderly patients. In patients who develop fluid and electrolyte imbalances, hypovolemia, or prerenal azotemia, the observed laboratory changes may include hyper- or hyponatremia, hyper- or hypochloremia, hyper- or hypokalemia, acid-base abnormalities, and increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN). If any of these occur, torsemide should be discontinued until the situation is corrected; torsemide may be restarted at a lower dose. 

In controlled studies in the United States, torsemide was administered to hypertensive patients at doses of 5 mg or 10 mg daily. After 6 weeks at these doses, the mean decrease in serum potassium was approximately 0.1 mEq/L. The percentage of patients who had a serum potassium level below 3.5 mEq/L at any time during the studies was essentially the same in patients who received torsemide (1.5%) as in those who received placebo (3%). In patients followed for 1 year, there was no further change in mean serum potassium levels. In patients with congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, or renal disease treated with torsemide at doses higher than those studied in United States antihypertensive trials, hypokalemia was observed with greater frequency, in a dose-related manner. 

In patients with cardiovascular disease, especially those receiving digitalis glycosides, diuretic-induced hypokalemia may be a risk factor for the development of arrhythmias. The risk of hypokalemia is greatest in patients with cirrhosis of the liver, in patients experiencing a brisk diuresis, in patients who are receiving inadequate oral intake of electrolytes, and in patients receiving concomitant therapy with corticosteroids or ACTH. 

Periodic monitoring of serum potassium and other electrolytes is advised in patients treated with torsemide.
New Medicine Service (NMS) components are an important element to improve patient compliance with medical recommendations. NMS provides support to patients prescribed new medicines, helping them to manage long-term conditions. The purpose of this service is to provide patients with advice, guidelines, and educational materials regarding the use of new medicines to increase patient compliance and therapy safety. The NMS has already been introduced in many European countries. This review aims to identify the benefits and potential barriers to implementing the NMS in community pharmacies and to suggest solutions that would increase its effectiveness. Previous studies have primarily shown that the NMS improves patient compliance with therapy, accelerating the expected effects of the therapy. Pharmacist support during implementation of a new drug therapy substantially increases patient safety. As the experience of numerous countries shows, both pharmacists and patients express positive opinions on this service. Therefore, it seems that NMS should be an indispensable part of pharmaceutical patient care in any healthcare system. This article aims to review the implementation of the New Medicine Service (NMS) for community pharmacists in Poland and the provision of a cost-effective approach to improve patient adherence to newly-prescribed medicine for chronic diseases.
BACKGROUND: Insomnia is a known risk factor for cardio-cerebrovascular disease in the general population; however, its effect on cardio-cerebrovascular outcomes in end-stage kidney disease patients is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between cardio-cerebrovascular outcomes and insomnia in patients who initiated maintenance dialysis.
METHODS: This study used nationwide Korean health insurance claims data to analyze 79 420 patients who initiated maintenance dialysis from January 2009 to December 2017. Insomnia was defined using claim codes and sleep medication prescription data. Patients were categorized according to the presence of insomnia before and after dialysis initiation: (i) no insomnia, (ii) insomnia before dialysis only (improved insomnia), (iii) insomnia after dialysis only (developed insomnia) and (iv) insomnia in both periods (persistent insomnia). The primary and secondary outcomes were major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and all-cause mortality, respectively. The outcome risks were estimated by Cox regression models with inverse probability of treatment weighting.
RESULTS: The mean age was 61.4 ± 13.4 years, and 39.7% were women. During the transition period from pre-dialysis to maintenance dialysis, 13.2% experienced insomnia. The insomnia groups showed significantly higher risks for MACCE [weighted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals): developed insomnia, 1.26 (1.25-1.28); improved insomnia, 1.31 (1.29-1.33); persistent insomnia, 1.39 (1.37-1.41)] and higher all-cause mortality risks than the no insomnia group. The insomnia-related cardio-cerebrovascular disease risk elevation was more prominent in younger and male patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Insomnia may increase cardio-cerebrovascular disease and all-cause mortality risk among end-stage kidney disease patients who initiate maintenance dialysis.
The purpose of this protocol is to study the natural history of spondyloarthritis (SpA) in children and adults. Spondyloarthritis encompasses a spectrum of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases that exhibit overlapping features, but differ from other types of inflammatory arthritis in genetic predisposition, pathogenesis, and outcome. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), the most common form of SpA, frequently begins in an undifferentiated form with back pain and stiffness in adults, and leads to aberrant ossification and ankylosis (fusion) of the spine. In children, SpA rarely presents with back pain, but instead often begins with pain and stiffness in the hips and knees due to arthritis. Enthesitis, or inflammation where tendons and ligaments connect to bones, is more common in children. Our ability to recognize early forms of AS involving the axial skeleton, particularly in children, and our understanding of the cause and progression of this disease, is limited.

The goals of this natural history protocol are to establish a cohort of pediatric and adult patients with SpA to prospectively evaluate the signs and symptoms, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray findings, and bone and inflammatory biomarkers associated with axial disease. We will study pathogenic mechanisms including the role of AS susceptibility genes and their variants in causing disease, and will identify patients for possible entry into future treatment studies.

Patients enrolled in this protocol will undergo a history, physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory evaluation. When clinically indicated, patients may also be evaluated for extra-articular manifestations such as acute anterior uveitis, psoriasis or other skin problems, and inflammatory bowel disease. Peripheral blood samples will be collected from affected patients, unrelated healthy volunteers, and in some cases unaffected family members to help identify and study the genes involved in SpA and their functions. We may ask some subjects to undergo skin biopsy or bone marrow aspiration for research purposes, or to provide a stool sample for analysis of microbiota. For some patients and family members, we may ask permission to perform whole genome or exome sequencing. Fibroblasts and/or peripheral blood cells obtained from patients will be induced to become pluripotent stem cells that can be maintained indefinitely in culture and differentiated into cell types that are relevant to pathogenesis. Successful completion of these studies will allow rheumatologists to better recognize early SpA with axial involvement, particularly in children, and will improve our understanding of disease pathogenesis.
A randomized double-blind clinical trial will be conducted to study the effects of physical activity on mitochondrial function in skin fibroblasts in patients with Parkinson's disease. It is an intervention study, and twenty-four patients will be needed. Once the subjects have been selected, they will be randomly assigned into three groups (eight patients in each group). The first group will perform basic physical training (BPT) based on strength and resistance, the second group will perform BPT combined with functional exercises (BPTFE) with cognitive and motor training, and the third group will not carry out any activity program, serving as control. The interventions will last 60 minutes, with a frequency of 3 times a week, during 16 weeks. The control group will receive 4 months of PA from the program that has obtained the best results,in terms of symptoms and quality of life, after the last evaluation.
The invention relates to a health product composition with a weight-reducing effect and a preparation method thereof. The composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 200-500 parts of green tea, 500-1000 parts of white kidney beans, 100-500 parts of purple perilla, 100-500 parts of roselle, 100-300 parts of ground coffee, 6843-8989 parts of pure water, 1 part of a sweetening agent and 10 parts of essence. By adopting the health product composition with a weight-reducing effect and the preparation method thereof, the prepared preparation is a compound liquid preparation, does not have toxic or side effect, has a weight-reducing effect, and can be used for avoiding simple obesity. The raw materials used in the formula accord with related specifications in China, are safe and do not have toxic or side effect. The preparation has a remarkable weight-reducing effect, is healthy to human bodies, and does not have remarkable hurt on human bodies. According to the composition, multiple ingredients are coordinated from the aspects of respectively supplying various nutrient minerals, accelerating fat metabolism, promoting caloric intake reduction, promoting consumption of heat in bodies and the like so as to achieve a good weight reducing effect.
Erythrocytes (RBCs) have a highly specialized and organized membrane structure and undergo programmed cell death, known as eryptosis. Our preliminary data show a significant increase in the eryptosis during peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis. The objectives of the present study were assessment of the incrementation of eryptosis in PD patients with peritonitis, evaluation of the relationship between systemic eryptosis in peritonitis and specific peritonitis biomarkers in PD effluent (PDE), and confirmation of the induction of eryptosis by peritonitis in a vitro setting. We enrolled 22 PD patients with peritonitis and 17 healthy subjects (control group, CTR). For the in vivo study, eryptosis was measured in freshly isolated RBCs. For the in vitro study, healthy RBCs were exposed to the plasma of 22 PD patients with peritonitis and the plasma of the CTR group for 2, 4, and 24 h. Eryptosis was evaluated by flow cytometric analyses in vivo and in vitro. PDE samples were collected for biomarkers analysis.The percentage of eryptotic RBCs was significantly higher in PD patients with peritonitis than in CTR (PD patients with peritonitis: 7.7; IQR 4.3-14.2, versus CTR: 0.8; IQR 0.7-1.3; p < 0.001). We confirmed these in vivo results by in vitro experiments: healthy RBCs incubated with plasma from PD patients with peritonitis demonstrated a significant increase in eryptosis compared to healthy RBCs exposed to plasma from the control group at all times. Furthermore, significant positive correlations were observed between eryptosis level and all analyzed peritoneal biomarkers of peritonitis. We investigated a potential connection between systemic eryptosis and peritoneal biomarkers of peritonitis. Up-regulation of inflammatory markers could explain the increased rate of systemic eryptosis during PD-related peritonitis.
OBJECTIVES: The involvement of consumers (people with lived experience of disease) in guidelines is widely advocated to improve their relevance and uptake. However, the approaches to consumer involvement in guidelines vary and are not well documented. We describe the consumer involvement framework of Caring for Australians and New ZealandeRs with kidney Impairment Guidelines.
STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We used a descriptive document analysis to collate all relevant policies, documents, e-mails, and presentations on consumer involvement in our organizations. We performed a narrative synthesis of collated data to summarize our evolving consumer involvement approach in guidelines.
RESULTS: We involve consumers at all levels of Caring for Australians and New ZealandeRs with kidney Impairment guideline development and dissemination according to their capacity, from conducting consumer workshops to inform the scope of guidelines, to including consumers as members of the guideline Working Groups and overseeing operations and governance as members of the Steering Committee and staff. Our approach has resulted in tangible outcomes including high-priority topics on patient education, psychosocial care, and clinical care pathways, and focusing the literature reviews to assess patient-important outcomes. The ongoing partnership with consumers led to the generation of consumer version guidelines to improve guideline dissemination and translation to support shared decision-making.
CONCLUSION: Meaningful consumer involvement can be achieved through a comprehensive approach across the entire lifecycle of guidelines. However, it must be individualized by ensuring that the involvement of consumers is timely and flexible. Future work is needed to assess the impact of consumer involvement in guideline development.
The incidence rates of adverse events in hypertensive patients were derived from placebo-controlled clinical trials. Following are the rates of adverse events for CARDENE SR (n=322) and placebo (n=140), respectively, that occurred in 0.6% of patients or more on CARDENE SR. These represent events considered probably drug related by the investigator. Where the frequency of adverse events for CARDENE SR and placebo is similar, causal relationship is uncertain. The only dose-related effect was pedal edema.

Percentage of Patients With Probably Drug Related Adverse Events in Placebo-Controlled Studies

Incidence (%) of Discontinuations Due to Any Adverse Event in Placebo-Controlled Studies

Uncontrolled experience in over 300 patients with hypertension treated for up to 27.5 months with CARDENE SR has shown no unexpected adverse events or increase in incidence of adverse events compared to the controlled clinical trials.
FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: described are compounds of formula ; or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, where A is phenyl, X is CH2- or C=O; Y is O; k equals 1; m equals 0; R2 and R3 each independently represents hydrogen or alkyl, R4 is a group of formula or . Disclosed compounds have selective affinity to 5-HT6 and 5-HT2A receptors. Also described is a pharmaceutical composition containing said compounds and use of the said compounds in making a medicinal agent for treating diseased conditions of the central nervous system. ^ EFFECT: more effective treatment. ^ 49 cl, 1 tbl, 16 ex
The present invention relates to carboxymethyl chitosan bismuth zinc potassium which is characterized in that the molecular formula is (C12H16O8N2R2Zn)m(C12H20O8N2R2)n, wherein m: n=1:0.1 to 10; R=H, CH2COOBi(OH)2 or CH2COOK. When the preparation is carried out, chitosan reacts with zinc salts to prepare a coordination compound of chitosan zinc, and carboxy methylation reaction is carried out; then, the coordination compound of chitosan zinc reacts with potassium hydroxide and bismuth salts; reacted products are deposited, washed, filtered, dried and crushed. The present invention uses the chitosan with good film forming property and biocompatibility as a carrier. On the basis of reserving parts of active amino, a zinc element closely related to the resistance of ulceration and a bismuth element for inhibiting helicobacter pylori are simultaneously introduced into a molecule framework, which results in that the molecule framework has the effect of displaying peptic ulcer resistance and protecting intestinal mucosa. Meanwhile, the carboxymethyl chitosan bismuth zinc potassium has the function of obviously delaying the absorption of alcohol and reducing the possibility of overdrinking. The present invention has the advantages better than similar products and has favorable application prospect in markets.