anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Spontaneous ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma is an uncommon complication, and there are scarce data about non-cirrhotic patients. Tumor treatment is not standardized and the risk of peritoneal dissemination is unclear.
AIM: we analyzed the treatment and survival in patients with rHCC on non-cirrhotic liver.
METHODS: One hundred and forty-one non-cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosed by histology were included in a multicenter prospective registry (2018-2022). Seven of them (5%) presented with hemoperitoneum due to spontaneous rupture.
RESULTS: Liver disease was associated in three patients (42.9%). A single nodule was detected in three cases (42.9%). One patient had vascular invasion and none extrahepatic spread. Initial hemostatic therapy and sequential treatment was individualized. Patients with single nodule were treated: resection (one case) with recurrence at 4 months treated with TACE and sorafenib. TACE/TAE followed by surgery (two cases) one in remission 43 months later, the other had liver recurrence at 18 months and was transplanted. Patients with multiple lesions were treated: TAE/emergency surgery and subsequent systemic therapy (two cases), one received lenvatinib (1-year survival) and the other sorafenib (5-month survival). TAE and surgery with subsequent systemic therapy (one case). Initial hemostatic surgery, dying on admission (one case). No patient developed intraperitoneal metastasis. All patients with multiple lesions died by tumor. The 3-year survival rate was 42.9%.
CONCLUSIONS: Initial hemostasis was achieved in all patients by TAE/TACE or surgery. Subsequent treatment was individualized, based on tumor characteristics, regardless of rupture. Long-time remission could be achieved in single nodule patients.
The rate of adult severe obesity has been continually rising in the USA. While improving diet quality has been shown to reduce the risk of obesity, few studies have explored the differences in diet quality among adults with overweight and obesity by different weight statuses along with socio-demographic factors and physical activity using data from a nationally representative survey in the USA. The main goal of the study is to assess the diet quality of adults with overweight and obesity by examining differences in the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) scores, using data from the 2015-2018 National Health and Nutrition Survey. Among 6746 adults with overweight and obesity (aged ≥ 20 years), severe obesity was prevalent (27 %), particularly among females, non-Hispanic Blacks and those with lower education and income. Compared to adults with overweight, adults with severe obesity had lower HEI-2015 total scores as well as component scores for total fruits, whole fruits, greens and beans, refined grains, sodium and saturated fats. Among adults with overweight and obesity, non-Hispanic Blacks had lower diet quality than non-Hispanic Asians; females had better diet quality than males; older adults had better diet quality than younger adults; adults with a college degree and above had better diet quality than those with less than a high school degree. Socio-demographic differences in diet quality and weight status should be considered in future obesity interventions to reduce adult severe obesity in the USA.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Double-filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) can be used to remove circulating pathogenic molecules. By reclaiming filtered albumin, DFPP reduces the need for albumin and plasma replacement. Large proteins, such as fibrinogen, are removed. Our institution adopts a DFPP treatment protocol consisting of active surveillance of coagulation profiles and prophylactic supplementation of blood products containing fibrinogen. This study aims to investigate the effects of consecutive DFPP treatments on serial coagulation profiles and the risk of bleeding under this protocol.
METHODS: Serial laboratory data and bleeding events at a single tertiary medical center were prospectively collected. Prophylactic transfusion of cryoprecipitate or fresh frozen plasma (FFP) was instituted if significant coagulopathy or a clinically evident bleeding event was observed.
RESULTS: After the first treatment session, plasma fibrinogen levels decreased from 332 ± 106 mg/dL to 96 ± 44 mg/dL in the 37 study patients. In the following sessions, plasma fibrinogen levels were maintained at around 100 mg/dL under prophylactic transfusion. No major bleeding events were recorded, but five (14%) patients experienced minor bleeding.
CONCLUSION: DFPP treatment might be performed safely along with active monitoring of coagulation profiles and prophylactic transfusion of cryoprecipitate or FFP.
Patients receive oral sorafenib twice daily on days 1-28 and interferon alfa subcutaneously on days 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, 15, 17, 19, 22, 24, and 26. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Undernutrition in children less than five years of age is prevalent throughout sub-Saharan Africa and is often associated with multiple micronutrient deficiencies, such as vitamin A and zinc. These deficiencies are probably a reflection of the poverty and poor living conditions that contribute to the lack of proper nutrition. The potential adverse effect of even subclinical deficiency in various micronutrients (including zinc) on optimal physiological function may lead to an exacerbation of infectious diseases in children living in these parts of the world. The primary objective of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study is to determine whether oral zinc supplementation plus standard antibiotics significantly alters the duration of required hospitalization in children with radiologically confirmed acute pneumonia. Six hundred children aged six months to 36 months diagnosed with radiologically confirmed acute pneumonia and admitted in the general pediatric wards of Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, will be recruited. Upon enrollment, half of the subjects will receive daily oral supplements of 25 mg of elemental zinc and the control group will receive placebo tablets. Children randomized to receive zinc supplements will be given a daily dose of 25 mL of reconstituted solution from effervescent tablets equivalent to 25 mg of elemental zinc in two divided doses (12.5 mg twice daily) by a study coordinator during the hospital phase of treatment for pneumonia. Children randomized to the control group will receive placebo effervescent tablets identical in taste and appearance to those tablets containing zinc. Compliance to the regimen will be directly observed by the study coordinator, and clinical response will be closely monitored throughout hospital stay. Each child will be followed for six weeks after hospital discharge to assess for recovery from the illness. All children in both groups will receive antibiotics and supportive care to manage pneumonia, as deemed appropriate according to the standards of care as practiced at MNH and Amana Municipal Hospital in accordance with the Recommendations of the Ministry of Health, Tanzania.
We will perform a control cycle of daily, first-morning voided urine, as previously reported by our group to assess the hormonal features of the menstrual cycle of each of the five participants in this arm. Upon completion of the control cycle, the participant will initiate therapy with aspirin 81mg per day, plus Vascepa - Fish Oil 30mg daily. Participants will collect urine for a second menstrual cycle while on treatment, using methods that we have previously employed. At the completion of the second cycle of urine collection, the medications will be stopped and the study will be completed.
This group will receive the active form of tDCS. The tDCS will be administered with the anode over the right lobule of the cerebellum, and the cathode over the left lobule of the cerebellum. Stimulation will be administered for a twenty minute period that does not include the 30 second ramp up at the beginning and end of the stimulation.
Omeprazole 20 mg (oral route) twice a day will be given to the subjects for one week. This intervention will be compared with ranitidin 150 mg (oral route) twice a day.
Topiramate is not approved for the treatment of obesity. This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topiramate in obese, diet-controlled, type 2 diabetic patients. Patients are randomized to receive either topiramate or placebo. After a 5 week pre-enrollment phase followed by a 6 week run-in phase, patients in the topiramate group start an 8-week titration phase to reach the assigned dose of topiramate, either 96 or 192 mg daily. Treatment continues for 1 year. Assessments of effectiveness include percent change in body weight, hemoglobin type A1c \[HbA1c\] levels, Body Mass Index \[BMI\], the numbers and proportion of 5% and 10% weight loss responders, glucose tolerance, waist and hip circumferences, changes in the mass of left ventricle of the heart, blood pressures, and fasting lipid profiles. Safety evaluations, including incidence of adverse events, vital signs, clinical laboratory values, and electrocardiograms \[ECGs\], are monitored throughout the study. The study hypothesis is that topiramate, combined with controlled diet, will be effective in weight reduction and controlling blood sugar level and is well tolerated. During the initial 8 weeks, the oral doses of either a matching placebo or topiramate will be gradually increased to the target doses (96 milligrams\[mg\] or 192mg daily); the dose will be maintained for 1 year.
PURPOSE: A composition for preventing, delaying or treating diabetes is provided to use in therapeutic agent, medicinal herb formulation, beverage and health food using soybean leaf extract. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for preventing, delaying, or treating diabetes contains soybean leaf extract as an active ingredient. The extract is isolated using water, alcohol, or mixture thereof. The alcohol is C1-C4 low alcohol. The low alcohol is ethanol or methanole. The pharmaceutical composition additionally contains chiroinositol or genistein. A hypoglycemic agent contains soybean leaf extract as an active ingredient.
This is a randomized, controlled, open-label, multicenter phase II clinical trial comparing the efficacy and safety of low-dose radiation therapy and stereotactic body radiation therapy combined with PD-1 inhibitor (sintilimab) and standard platinum-based doublet chemotherapy versus PD-1 inhibitor (sintilimab) combined with standard platinum-based doublet chemotherapy as first-line treatment in patients with locally advanced or metastatic squamous cell lung cancer. Patients with previously untreated, locally advanced or metastatic (unresectable or not eligible for definitive chemoradiotherapy, stage IIIB-IV) squamous cell lung cancer who have signed informed consent will be screened for eligibility. Qualified subjects who meet the inclusion criteria will be randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to the experimental group (radiation therapy plus sintilimab and chemotherapy) or the control group (sintilimab plus chemotherapy). Based on sample size estimation according to statistical hypotheses, there will be 57 subjects in the experimental group and 57 subjects in the control group, with a total of 114 subjects. Subjects in the experimental group will receive radiation therapy. Within 1 week after radiation therapy, they will receive treatment with sintilimab combined with standard platinum-based doublet chemotherapy. Chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy will consist of a total of 4 cycles. Patients will subsequently receive maintenance therapy with sintilimab. Subjects in the control group will receive treatment with sintilimab combined with standard platinum-based doublet chemotherapy, consisting of a total of 4 cycles. Patients will subsequently receive maintenance therapy with sintilimab. The primary efficacy endpoint of this study is objective response rate (ORR), as assessed by investigators according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST v1.1).
Standardized assessment of the gastroesophageal valve during endoscopy, attainable via the Hill classification, is important for clinical assessment and therapeutic decision making. The Hill classification is associated with the presence of hiatal hernia (HH), a common endoscopic finding connected to gastro-esophageal reflux disease. A novel efficient medical artificial intelligence (AI) training pipeline using active learning (AL) is designed. We identified 21,970 gastroscopic images as training data and used our AL to train a model for predicting the Hill classification and detecting HH. Performance of the AL and traditionally trained models were evaluated on an external expert-annotated image collection. The AL model achieved accuracy of 76%. A traditionally trained model with 125% more training data achieved 77% accuracy. Furthermore, the AL model achieved higher precision than the traditional one for rare classes, with 0.54 versus 0.39 (p < 0.05) for grade 3 and 0.72 versus 0.61 (p < 0.05) for grade 4. In detecting HH, the AL model achieved 94% accuracy, 0.72 precision and 0.74 recall. Our AL pipeline is more efficient than traditional methods in training AI for endoscopy.
A medical food for the dietary management of depression and/or anxiety includes water containing from 0.0002 to 0.0278 mol. % of isotopologue HOD, preferably, from 0.0178 to 0.0278 mol. % of isotopologue HOD. Further, a method for the dietary management of depression and/or anxiety uses the step of administering to a subject in need thereof the medical food. Further, a method of the treatment of depression includes the steps of administering to a subject an antidepressant drug and administering to the subject the medical food. Further, a method of the treatment of anxiety includes the steps of administering to a subject an antianxiety drug and administering to the subject the medical food.
The patients in this study (undergoing elective liver resection) will be anesthetized according to routine practice in our hospital. A radial arterial catheter and a central venous catheter will be inserted, as well as a femoral arterial catheter for Picco monitoring. After the dissection phase, catheters will be inserted in the portal and hepatic veins by the surgeon. Base line data (HR, CVP, MAP, CO from thermodilution, portal and hepatic venous pressure, blood gases from radial artery, vena cava superior, hepatic vein and portal vein) will be obtained twice, with 10 minutes of steady state in between. An infusion of vasopressin 4,8 U/h will then be started and continued for 20 minutes. Data will be collected again, and an infusion of nitroglycerine (to a target of MAP 60 mmHg) will be added. After 5 minutes of steady MAP 55-65, the last set of data is collected. 12 Patients will be recruited, and the total data collection is estimated to be completed and assessed after six to nine months.
BACKGROUND: Hemorrhagic moyamoya disease (HMMD) can result in poor outcomes. Serum biomarkers may play a significant role in predicting HMMD outcomes. This study retrospectively analyzed the correlation between serum biomarkers at the time of admission and outcomes for patients with HMMD.
METHODS: We evaluated 270 patients with HMMD admitted to Yijishan Hopital of Wannan Medical College between July 2017 and April 2023. The patients were categorized into 2 groups according to their modified Rankin Scale scores at 3 months after discharge. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the associations between biomarkers and clinical outcomes. Receiver operating characteristic curves were obtained to investigate the potential of the biomarkers for predicting prognosis.
RESULTS: Of the 270 patients analyzed, 96 (35.6%) had unfavorable outcomes. The potential predictors were identified using the univariate analysis. The subsequent multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) (odds ratio 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.75-0.98, P = 0.028] and serum glucose to potassium ratio (GPR) (odds ratio 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.38-0.76, P < 0.001) were independent risk factors of poor outcomes. The receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that patients with a higher SIRI (≥2.12) and GPR (≥1.75) levels were more likely to have unfavorable outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: An elevated GPR and SIRI at admission were associated with a poor clinical outcome at the 3-month follow-up for patients with HMMD. Therefore, these biomarkers could be considered in future management decisions for these patients.
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicine, traditional Chinese medicine decoction piece processing production and clinical application. In particular to a preparation method for preparing arisaema cum bile decoction pieces by adopting mixed strain fermentation, the arisaema cum bile decoction pieces prepared by the method and application. The mixed bacterial species comprise one or more of the following species: aspergillus glaucus, candida parapsilosis, penicillium stepcii, aspergillus cristatus, pseudomonas lundensa. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pulverizing rhizoma arisaematis cum bile or rhizoma arisaematis cum bile, mixing with bilis Bovina, adding mixed strain, fermenting in fermentation tank for 7-30 days, taking out, and drying. The arisaema cum bile decoction pieces prepared by the preparation method can be used for treating epilepsy, parkinson's disease, febrile convulsion, apoplexy, dizziness, hyperpyrexia, phlegm-heat cough, liver injury, lung injury, hyperlipidemia and other diseases. The preparation method of the arisaema cum bile decoction pieces has the advantages of definite fermentation strain, less mixed bacteria pollution, controllable process and short fermentation time, and the arisaema cum bile decoction pieces prepared by the preparation method have excellent quality and definite curative effect.
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease of unknown etiology characterized by a constant incidence rate. Unfortunately, effective pharmacological treatments for this condition are lacking and the identification of novel therapeutic approaches and underlying pathological mechanisms are required. This study investigated the potential of quercetin in alleviating pulmonary fibrosis by promoting autophagy and activation of the SIRT1/AMPK pathway.
METHODS: Mouse models of IPF were divided into four treatment groups: control, bleomycin (BLM), quercetin (Q), and quercetin + EX-527 (Q + E) treatment. Pulmonary fibrosis was induced in the mouse models through intratracheal instillation of BLM. Various indexes were identified through histological staining, Western blotting analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy.
RESULTS: Quercetin treatment ameliorated the pathology of BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis of mice by reducing α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I (Col I), and collagen III (Col III) levels, and also improved the level of E-cadherin in lung tissue. Furthermore, Quercetin significantly enhanced LC3II/LC3I levels, decreased P62 expression, and increased the number of autophagosomes in lung tissue. These effects were accompanied by the activation of the SIRT1/AMPK pathway. Treatment with EX-527, an inhibitor for SIRT1, reversed all effects induced by quercetin.
CONCLUSION: This study showed that quercetin could alleviate pulmonary fibrosis and improve epithelial-mesenchymal transition by acting on the SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway, which may be achieved by regulating the level of autophagy.
This study was a randomized controlled study in which patients undergoing elective painless gastroscopy were selected and grouped by random number table. The control group used conventional nasal cannula oxygen method: nasal cannula was used before, during and after gastroscopy was implanted and after withdrawing from the gastroscopy. Test group: Before the gastroscope enters the oral cavity, oxygen is administered through a nasal catheter via the nose. After the gastroscope enters the oral cavity, oxygen is administered through the nasal catheter via the mouth. After the gastroscope is withdrawn, oxygen is administered through the nasal catheter via the nose. The incidence of intraoperative hypoxemia was observed.
Patients have been treated with the AGN1 LOEP kit in AgNovos study PST-EU-101.1. An X-ray and DXA scan are performed at 24 and 60 months post AGN1 LOEP treatment.
A composition for promoting gastrointestinal health comprises an effective amount of a beneficial human intestinal microorganism and an effective amount of an immunoglobulin composition comprising concentrated immunologically active immunoglobulins. Another composition for restoring and maintaining gastrointestinal health comprises 40-60 % by weight of an immunoglobulin composition comprising concentrated immunologically active immunoglobulins and 40-60 % by weight of soluble dietary fiber selected from inulin, fructooligosaccharides, pectin, guar gum, and mixtures thereof. The immunoglobulin and fiber-containing composition can optionally contain one or more of a beneficial human intestinal microorganism, components of a non-immune natural defense system, an iron-sequestering molecule, and gluconic acid. Preferred beneficial human intestinal microorganisms include lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. The immunologically active immunoglobulins are preferably purified from bovine milk, milk products, or whey. Methods of use are also described.
One of the main tasks of the human visual system is to organize the temporal flow of visual events into meaningful patterns. It has been suggested that segregation/integration of continuous visual stimuli relies on temporal windows that are phase-locked to brain oscillations in the alpha frequency range (~10 Hz). From a behavioral point of view, the balance between integration and segregation is reflected in visual temporal acuity: the ability to perceive a small temporal gap between two identical stimuli. Disruption of this balance may lead to impairment of perceptual organization processes. Notably, schizophrenia, a condition characterized by unusual perceptual experiences, has been associated with abnormal temporal processing of sensory stimuli and aberrant oscillations. We asked a large cohort of healthy participants to complete an online version of the two-flash fusion task and two questionnaires for schizotypal personality traits to investigate individual differences in the temporal resolution of perception, particularly its relationship with anomalous perceptual experiences. We found that two-flash discrimination acuity declines with age and that schizotypal traits are associated with better performances. Although this association was strong for perceptual and cognitive subscales, we found that this result could not be attributed to response biases (e.g., hallucination of two flashes). While these results appear to contrast with findings of slower alpha rhythms and sensory processing in schizotypy, we propose that a faster visual rate could be the consequence of an oscillopathy or a disconnection between different sensory modalities and their physiological pacemaker.