anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: The causes of diaphragmatic paresis are manifold. An association between neuralgic amyotrophy (NA) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection has been reported. We wondered about the prevalence of diaphragmatic disfunction and hepatitis E infection in our clinic.
METHODS: From July 1st, 2020 to August 31st, 2023, patients presenting with diaphragmatic dysfunction and simultaneous clinical symptoms of an acute NA, or a history of NA, as well as patients with previously unexplained diaphragmatic dysfunction were examined for HEV infection.
RESULTS: By August 31st, 2023, 13 patients with diaphragmatic dysfunction and HEV infection were diagnosed (4 women, 9 men). Mean age was 59 ± 10 years. Liver values were normal in all patients. The median latency to diagnosis was five months (range: 1-48 months); nine patients, 4 of them with typical symptoms of NA, presented with acute onset three patients showed bilateral diaphragmatic dysfunction. All patients had a positive IgG immunoblot. Seven patients, three with NA, had an elevated hepatitis E IgM titer and six of them also a positive IgM immunoblot. In all cases, O2C hepatitis genotype 3 was identified. In eight cases, all those with a high IgG titer >125, the O2 genotype 1 was also detected.
CONCLUSION: NA that shows involvement of the phrenic nerve resulting in diaphragmatic dysfunction and dyspnoea, may be associated with HEV infection. The observation of 13 patients with diaphragmatic dysfunctions and HEV infection within a period of three years indicates a high number of undetected HEV-associated diaphragmatic dysfunction in the population, especially in the absence of NA symptoms. Therefore, even in diaphragmatic dysfunction without NA symptoms and causative damaging event, HEV infection should be considered, as it may represent a subform of NA with only phrenic nerve involvement. Therapy of HEV-associated diaphragmatic dysfunction in the acute phase is an open question. In view of the poor prognosis for recovery, antiviral therapy should be discussed. However, no relevant data are currently available.
Participants will receive between 50 and 200 mg/kg of Immunoglobulin Globulin subcutaneous (IGSC) infusion, 20 percent (%) once a week until the study drug becomes commercially available (approximately 3 years). All participants of this arm will have assigned Epoch 2 of previous study (TAK-664-3001). The dose of IGSC will be established in previous study.
The invention discloses the discovery of naturally occurring peptides that contain fatty acyl and prenyl moieties which permit the transfer of nucleotides, oligonucleotides, and polynucleotides into the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells. Their intrinsic properties cause them to tightly bind to nucleotides. This indicates that they might serve as nucleotide transporters. Experiments demonstrated that they permitted the transfer of nucleotides and polynucleotides into the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells. The peptides, due to their ability to transport ribonucleic acids into cells, can be employed in gene silencing by RNAi (ribonucleic acid interference) and antisense therapy. Among the ailments thought to benefit are: atherosclerosis by regulating cholesterol metabolism, cancer and similar diseases by delivering nucleic acids in chemotherapy. The peptides, due to their ability to transport ribonucleic acids into cells, can be employed in gene silencing.
A method for treating poison ivy and similar poison plant induced rashes utilizes a sealed pouch containing a mixture of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-oxidant property ingredients. The pouch is placed in a container filled with boiling water. The ingredients in the pouch permeate through the water. A metal applicator has a spoon-shaped section with a curved lower surface and a handle. The spoon-shaped section is inserted into the boiled herbal water mixture. The bottom surface of the curved lower surface of the spoon-shaped section is then momentarily placed on the pustule or red bump of the poison ivy. The applicator is then lifted up away from the area. Usually two or three touches with the applicator on the effected area will completely remove the itching and the itching and pustule will be entirely eliminated within twenty-four to forty-eight hours.
The invention provides external medicine for treating toothache. The medicine is characterized by consists of the following raw material medicine in weight: 25g of alum and 120g of fresh snakeweed. A preparation method of the medicine comprises the following steps that: the alum is crushed and is screened by a sieve being 80 meshes, the snakeweed is cleanly washed, the alum and the snakeweed are uniformly mixed and are mashed into juices to be dripped into the auditory meatus. The medicine has the efficacies and beneficial effects that the alum is cold in property and is acerb in taste, a strong convergence effect is realized, and the efficacies of eliminating toxin, killing intestinal worms, removing dampness, relieving itching, stopping bleeding, stopping diarrhoica, clearing away the heat and dissolving the phlegm are realized. The alum also has antibacterium effect, anti-trichomonas-vaginalis effect and the like. The snakeweed has the effects of clearing away the heat, realizing diuresis, cooling the blood and eliminating the toxin. The medicine mainly treats heat accumulation of the bladder, dysuria, leucorrhea, summer damp diarrhea, nosebleed, hematuria, liver heat and hot eyes, swelling and pain in throat and swollen welling-abscess toxin and has the anti-inflammatory effect. The external medicine has the advantages that the preparation is simple, the side effect is small, and the external medicine is applicable to various kinds of toothache.
BACKGROUND: Individuals with atrial fibrillation (AF) are at an increased risk for stroke. Early detection of undiagnosed AF by screening is recommended. Single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is the most widely used technology in AF detection. Several systematic reviews on the diagnostic accuracy of single-lead ECG devices for AF detection have been performed but have yielded inconclusive results.
AIMS: The aim of this study was to synthesize the available evidence on the effectiveness of single-lead ECG devices in detecting AF.
METHODS: An overview of systematic reviews was conducted. Five English databases (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PubMed, Embase, Ovid, and Web of Science) and two Chinese databases (Wanfang and CNKI) were searched from inception to July 31, 2021. Systematic reviews that examined the accuracy of tools based on single-lead ECG technology for detecting AF were included. A narrative data synthesis was performed.
RESULTS: Eight systematic reviews were finally included. Systematic reviews with meta-analysis showed that single-lead ECG-based devices had good sensitivity and specificity (both ≥90%) in detecting AF. According to subgroup analysis, the sensitivities of tools used in populations with a history of AF were all >90%. However, among handheld and thoracic placed single-lead ECG devices, large variations in diagnostic performance were observed.
LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION: Single-lead ECG devices can potentially be used for AF detection. Due to the heterogeneity in the study population and tools, future studies are warranted to explore the suitable circumstances in which each tool could be applied for AF screening in an effective and cost-effective manner.
Clostridium difficile is a bacterium that proliferates when normal colonic flora have been altered, most commonly due to antibiotic use. Clostridium difficile is non-invasive and localized to the lumen of the colon. Once established, it produces 2 potent toxins, A and B. The principal reservoir for Clostridium difficile is the hospital environment, with the risk of acquiring Clostridium difficile increasing in direct proportion to the length of hospital stay.

Patients with CDAD typically present with profuse watery or mucoid diarrhea and cramping abdominal pain. Additional symptoms include fever, nausea, anorexia, malaise, and bloody stool. More severe cases may be complicated by dehydration, electrolyte disturbances, ileus, and peritonitis. Systemic manifestations may include prerenal azotemia, sepsis syndrome, and toxic colitis. White blood cell counts (WBCs) also may be markedly elevated with a shift to immature forms. Extreme presentation of fulminant colitis may require a colectomy and even result in death. Symptoms of CDAD may begin a few days after initiation of antibiotic therapy or up to 8 weeks after its discontinuation.
The invention relates to antibodies which bind to insulin like growth factor receptor-1 (IGF-IR) and uses thereof, in particular in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Specific human and murine monoclonal antibodies which inhibit IGF-lR-mediated pro-survival and tumor proliferation pathways, and variants, fragments, and derivatives thereof are provided. Also provided are specific human and murine monoclonal antibodies which block the ability of the ligands, insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) and insulin like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) to bind to IGF-IR, as well as fragments, variants and derivatives of such antibodies. The invention also includes polynucleotides encoding the above antibodies or fragments, variants or derivatives thereof, as well as vectors and host cells comprising such polynucleotides. The invention further includes methods of diagnosing and treating cancer using antibodies of the invention. ® KIPO & WIPO 2009
Prescribing methenamine hippurate tablets in the absence of a proven or strongly suspected bacterial infection or a prophylactic indication is unlikely to provide benefit to the patient and increases the risk of the development of drug-resistant bacteria.

  1. Care should be taken to maintain an acid pH of the urine, especially when treating infections due to urea-splitting organisms such as Proteus and strains of Pseudomonas.  
  

  2. In a few instances in one study, the serum transaminase levels were slightly elevated during treatment but returned to normal while the patients were still taking methenamine hippurate tablets, USP. Because of this report, it is recommended that liver function studies be performed periodically on patients taking the drug, especially those with liver dysfunction.  
  

  3. Use in Pregnancy: In early pregnancy the safe use of methenamine hippurate tablets is not established. In the last trimester, safety is suggested, but not definitely proved. No adverse effects on the fetus were seen in studies in pregnant rats and rabbits.  




Methenamine hippurate tablets taken during pregnancy can interfere with laboratory tests of urine estriol (resulting in unmeasurably low values) when acid hydrolysis is used in the laboratory procedure. This interference is due to the presence in the urine of methenamine and/or formaldehyde. Enzymatic hydrolysis, in place of acid hydrolysis, will circumvent this problem.
On Day 1, 300 milligram (mg) idasanutlin tablet orally and 100 mg \[14C\]-radiolabeled idasanutlin capsule orally (2, 50 mg capsules containing approximately 100 microcurie of radioactivity). After 5 hours and 45 minutes of the oral dose, 100 microgram (mcg) of \[13C\]-radiolabeled idasanutlin will be administered over a 15-minute intravenous (IV) infusion. On Day 11, idasanutlin matching placebo aqueous dispersion orally and approximately after 1 hour, 400 mg idasanutlin tablet will be administered orally in the form of an aqueous dispersion. On Day 19, 400 mg idasanutlin tablet will be administered orally in the form of an aqueous dispersion. Participants, who are eligible to enter in optional treatment extension phase, will continue treatment with idasanutlin 200 mg tablet orally once daily for 5 days, and no treatment during 23 days of 28-day cycle, until the development of progressive disease, unacceptable toxicity, consent withdrawal or any other criteria for removal.
Prostate Cancer (PCa) has developed into the second most common cancer in men. In The United States, PCa has the highest morbidity in man. In China, the incidence rate is lower than in Europe and the US, but it is growing faster and faster. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been the most commonly used treatment for men with advanced prostate cancer for hundreds of years, effective in more than 85 percent of cases, but usually after 20 months or so, half of patients will inevitably develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which will become resistant to ADT, and patients will relapse. There are several treatments that are trying to address this problem. Such as the chemotherapy docetaxel, cabataxel, and the radioactive drug radium 223 dichloride; PARP inhibitor olaparib, but the efficacy is limited.

For finding some new pathways and targets to treat CRPC, a model of PCa persister cell was first been established at a cellular level in this study. In light of the new target, we first find a being used clinically drug, Coenzyme A (CoA), through prescription sieve to treat enzalutamide or abiraterone drug-fast CRPC patients. CoA functions as an acyl group carrier and assists in transferring fatty acids from the cytoplasm to mitochondria. It is also involved in the oxidation and catabolism of fatty acids. There is an efficient drug action at a cellular level and in animals, and we look forward to it at clinical utility.
This invention relates to the use of a compound having combined, in particular concurrent, inhibitorz activity on neutral endopeptidase (NEP) and on a novel metalloprotease designated IGS5, or of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate or biolabile ester thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament (pharmaceutical composition) for treating a larger mammal, preferably a human, suffering from or being susceptible to a disease or condition which can be alleviated or prevented by combined or concurrent inhibition of NEP and IGS5. In a particular aspect the present invention pertains to the use of said compounds with combined or concurrent NEP/IGS5 inhibitory activity for treating a larger mammal, preferably a human, suffering from or being susceptible to a disease or condition where bit-ET-l levels are elevated and which disease or condition can be alleviated or prevented by cobined or concurrent inhibition of NEP and IGS5. In a further particular aspect the present invention pertainsto the use of said compounds with combined or concurrent NEP/IGS5 inhibitory activity for treating a larger mammal, preferably a human, suffering from or being susceptible to a disease or condition where ET-1 is significantly upregulated and which disease or condition can be alleviated or prevented by combined or concurrent inhibition of NEP and IGS5. In the present invention said compounds with combined or concurrent NEP/IGS5-inhibitory activity preferably are used for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of hypertension, including secondary forms of hypertension such as renal or pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, myorcadial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, cerebral ischemia, peripheral vascular disease, subarachnoidal hemorrhage, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, renal disease, atherosclerosis, and pain in colorectal cancer or prostate cancer, in mammals, preferably in humans, and more preferably in a patient sub-population suffering from or being susceptible to a disease or condition which can be alleviated or prevented by combined or concurrent inhibition of NEP and IGS5. Furthermore, it may be beneficial to additionally combine the said compounds showing combined or concurrent NEP/IGS5 inhibitory activity with other individual and/or combined metalloprotease inhibitors than the NEP/IGS5 inhibitors, e.g. with separate ACE- and/or NEP-inhibitors and/or mixed inhibitors of these metalloproteases.
Same as USUAL CARE, plus financial incentive as follows: groups (or "cohorts") of 6 smokers each will be formed on a rolling basis, linking individuals with target quit dates (day "0's") near each other. Participants will deposit a certain monetary amount (Y) in an account, which will be matched on a rate of 3:1 by the study investigators (M), and the payout for quitting on this arm will be (Y+M) x 6/Q , where Q is the number of quits in the cohort. Again, success will be confirmed by cotinine or anabasine tests, and if participants do not quit, their money will be used to support future research studies designed to help people stop smoking.
RNA modification plays important roles in various physiological and pathological process. LAGE3 is a component of EKC/KEOPS complex, which is probably involved in the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs, but its exact role in HCC is less studied. Our study reveals that LAGE3 exhibits upregulated expression in HCC compared with normal hepatocellular tissue. High expression of LAGE3 promotes hepatocellular cell proliferation and migration. Further investigations suggest that the increased expression of LAGE3 cloud lead to upregulated VEGFA secretion and angiogenesis in HCC. The mechanistic study reveals LAGE3 is required for the VEGFA mRNA stability. This research may open new avenues for diagnosis and targeted therapy in HCC.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

The safety data described in this section primarily reflect exposure to VYJUVEK gel in a randomized, intra-subject placebo‑controlled study. A total of 31 subjects with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB), including 30 subjects with autosomal recessive DEB and one subject with autosomal dominant DEB received topical administration of VYJUVEK gel to their wounds. The age of the subjects ranged from 1 year to 44 years (mean age 17 years). Of the 31 subjects, 19 (61%) were pediatric subjects (less than 17 years of age), and 11 (36%) were females. Each subject received weekly topical application of VYJUVEK gel at one or more wound sites and placebo at a matching wound site as an intra-subject comparator. The median duration of exposure to VYJUVEK gel was 25 weeks. The most frequent adverse reactions (incidence >5%) observed in the study are summarized in Table 3. There were no discontinuations due to adverse reactions.

Table 3 Adverse Reactions (incidence >5%) Following Treatment with VYJUVEK gel (n =31)

In addition, the safety profile of VYJUVEK in two subjects with autosomal recessive DEB (RDEB) of six and seven months of age, respectively, who received topical VYJUVEK gel weekly in an open-label study was similar to the safety profile of VYJUVEK observed in the randomized, intra-subject placebo‑controlled study described above.
BACKGROUND: Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) encompass various diseases with diverse clinical and immunological symptoms. Determining the genotype-phenotype of different variants in IEI entity precisely is challenging, as manifestations can be heterogeneous even in patients with the same mutated gene.
OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we conducted a systematic review of patients recorded with NFKB1 and NFKB2 mutations, two of the most frequent monogenic IEIs.
METHODS: The search for relevant literature was conducted in databases including Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus. Information encompassing demographic, clinical, immunological, and genetic data was extracted from cases reported with mutations in NFKB1 and NFKB2. The comprehensive features of manifestations in patients were described, and a comparative analysis of primary characteristics was conducted between individuals with NFKB1 loss of function (LOF) and NFKB2 (p52-LOF/IκBδ-gain of function (GOF)) variants.
RESULTS: A total of 397 patients were included in this study, 257 had NFKB1 mutations and 140 had NFKB2 mutations. There were 175 LOF cases in NFKB1 and 122 p52LOF/IκBδGOF cases in NFKB2 pivotal groups with confirmed functional implications. NFKB1LOF and p52LOF/IκBδGOF predominant cases (81.8% and 62.5% respectively) initially presented with a CVID-like phenotype. Patients with NFKB1LOF variants often experienced hematologic autoimmune disorders, whereas p52LOF/IκBδGOF patients were more susceptible to other autoimmune diseases. Viral infections were markedly higher in p52LOF/IκBδGOF cases compared to NFKB1LOF (P-value < 0.001). NFKB2 (p52LOF/IκBδGOF) patients exhibited a greater prevalence of ectodermal dysplasia and pituitary gland involvement than NFKB1LOF patients. Most NFKB1LOF and p52LOF/IκBδGOF cases showed low CD19 + B cells, with p52LOF/IκBδGOF having more cases of this type. Low memory B cells were more common in p52LOF/IκBδGOF patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with NFKB2 mutations, particularly p52LOF/IκBδGOF, are at higher risk of viral infections, pituitary gland involvement, and ectodermal dysplasia compared to patients with NFKB1LOF mutations. Genetic testing is essential to resolve the initial complexity and confusion surrounding clinical and immunological features. Emphasizing the significance of functional assays in determining the probability of correlations between mutations and immunological and clinical characteristics of patients is crucial.
Bioinformatics analysis was performed to reveal the underlying pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) dry eye(DE) and to predict the core targets and potential pathways for electroacupuncture (EA) treatment of T2DM DE, in which key targets such as Toll-likereceptor4 (TLR4), NF-κB and Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) may be involved. Next, streptozotocin and a high-fat diet were used to generate T2DM-DE rats. Randomly picked EA, fluorometholone, model, and sham EA groups were created from successfully modelled T2DM DE rats. Six more rats were chosen as the blank group from among the normal rats. The results of DE index showed that EA improved the ocular surface symptoms.HE staining showed that EA attenuated the pathological changes in the cornea, conjunctiva and lacrimal gland of T2DM DE rats. EA decreased the expression of TLR4, MyD88, P-NF-κB P65, and TNF-α in the cornea, conjunctiva, and lacrimal gland, in accordance with immunofluorescence and Western blot data. Thus, EA reduced ocular surface symptoms and improved pathological changes of cornea, conjunctiva, and lacrimal gland induced by T2DM DE inT2DM DE rats, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of overactivation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway by EA and thus attenuating ocular surface inflammation.
Each subject will participate in the trial from the time he or she signs the informed consent form until the final contact. After a screening phase of up to 28 days, each subject will receive administration of pembrolizumab 200mg IV once only before curative treatment such as hepatic resection or radiofrequency ablation, and will receive curative treatment after administration of pembrolizumab. After curative treatment, each subject will receive pembrolizumab 200mg IV every 3 weeks. Treatment will continue until tumor recurrence, occurrence of an unacceptable adverse event, or the 16th treatment with pembrolizumab.( The setting of 16 times administration is the period of adjuvant therapy of this trial is 12 month(=48weeks), administration of pembrolizumab is Q3W, so 16 times administration comes to 48 weeks.) Subjects who discontinue for reasons other than tumor recurrence will have post-treatment follow-up visits for monitoring disease status until tumor recurrence, until initiation of non-study cancer treatment, until withdrawal of consent for study participation, or until becoming lost to follow-up. All subjects will be followed for overall survival until death, withdrawal of consent for study participation, or the end of the study, whichever comes first. After the end of trial treatment, each subject will be followed for 30 days for adverse event monitoring. Serious adverse events will be collected for 90 days after the end of treatment or for 30 days after the end of treatment if the subject initiates new anticancer therapy, whichever is earlier.