anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Background: The decompressive craniectomy has recently experienced a renewed interest in the international neurosurgical community: the number of patients receiving decompressive craniectomy has remarkably increased over last decades. Nowadays the most widely recognized indications for cranioplasty is aesthetic reconstruction and protection of brain against external injuries; it is usually performed several months after the craniectomy. Unexpected improvements of patients neurological status were noted but this phenomenon remains unexplained. This could be due to the reduction of local cerebral compression caused by atmospheric pressure, to improved cerebrospinal fluid hydrodynamics and possibly to the improvement of local and global cerebral hemodynamics, blood flow and metabolism. Main objective: To evaluate changes in local and global cerebral hemodynamics and blood flow before and after skull bone reconstruction. Patients and Methods: Pilot observational study on 20 patients. Inclusion criteria: Patient over 18 and up to 65 years who underwent decompressive craniectomy after severe head injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, venous sinus thrombosis with hemorrhage / malignant edema and malignant middle cerebral artery stroke requiring of course reconstructive cranioplasty. Exclusion criteria: Patient not affiliated to the French NHS, pregnant and/or nursing women, patients being allergic to CT scan contrast products. Study Protocol: The patient who received a craniectomy is included in the study and an information notice given to him. All patients are evaluated by GOS (Glasgow Outcome Score) and neurocognitive tests by FAB (frontal assessment battery) and MMSE (mini mental state examination) scores 1 week prior and 6 and 24 weeks post cranioplasty. Furthermore, hemodynamic monitoring is performed by CT perfusion scan (with quantitative assessment of global and local cerebral flow) 1 week prior and 6 weeks post cranioplasty, as well as by trans-cranial Doppler 1 week prior and 6 and 24 weeks post cranioplasty. Expected Benefits: Better knowledge of local and global hemodynamic changes in patients after cranioplasty, its possible impact on neurological outcome and as a prognostic factor. Duration of the inclusion period: 1 year Duration of patient participation: 25 weeks (approximately 6 months) Total duration of the study: 1 year and 25 weeks (about 1 and ½ year) Number of patients: 20 Main endpoints: Evaluation of local and global cerebral hemodynamics and blood flow 6 weeks post cranioplasty by CT perfusion scan and trans-cranial Doppler. Secondary endpoints: - Evaluation of neurological and cognitive performances by GOS, FAB and MMSE scores 1 week prior and 6 and 24 weeks post cranioplasty. - Evaluation of local and global cerebral hemodynamics and blood flow by transcranial Doppler 24 weeks post cranioplasty. Statistical analysis: This is a pilot study whose size was determined on the basis of its feasibility (one year). Besides its own interest, this study will clarify the conditions for a future comparative study comparing different strategies of cranioplasty.
Basic zirconium gels may be used to form complexes with conventional aluminum and/or zirconium antiperspirant systems. The freshly prepared basic zirconium gels provide both a buffer for the highly acidic aluminum-zirconium complexes and an additional source of zirconium as an active ingredient in the antiperspirant. The preferred basic zirconium gels are basic zirconium-amino acid compounds, particularly basic zirconium glycinates, and the compounds are preferably added to aluminum-zirconium systems in the form of a wet gel. The preferred basic zirconium glycinate is formed by first reacting sodium carbonate with glycine, and then reacting the resulting sodium glycinate with a zirconium oxy or zirconium hydroxy compound to precipitate out the zirconium basic glycinate gel. Zirconium basic carbonates, prepared by reacting sodium carbonate with a zirconium oxy or hydroxy salt, are useful in preparing antiperspirant complexes with lower basic aluminum chlorides (e.g. 1/3 or 2/3 basic), as well as the highly acidic aluminum chloride. Buffers such as urea, amino acids, salts of amino acids, magnesium carbonate, etc. may also be included in the complexes to maintain a pH of at least about 3 in aqueous solutions of the complex. The various complexes of the invention may be used in conventional antiperspirant forms, including aqueous solutions, aerosol sprays, powder-in-oil aerosol sprays, creams, lotions, cream sticks, etc.
The subjects in the experimental group will receive a single session (5 minutes) of endermotherapy) applied to the gastrocnemius/soleus muscle group in the more affected side. The treatment will b e carried out by a qualified physiotherapist.
Therapeutic touch (TT) is a treatment that takes an average of 15-20 min, in which energy in the universe is transferred through the hands of the practitioner to eliminate the imbalance in the individual's energy field and facilitate healing. The intervention group (TT group) received therapeutic touch for 10 minutes a day for five consecutive days. The practice was implemented in line with Therapeutic Practice Procedure.
Reiki application will be applied to the patients for 2 consecutive days or 2 times (1st and 3rd day) for 30 minutes every other day. Pain, anxiety and haemodynamic parameters will be recorded on data collection forms before and at the end of the application. The duration of intubation, intensive care unit stay and haemodynamic stability of the patients will be limited due to the rapid changes.
Pulmonary embolism is the third leading cause of cardiovascular death. Novel percutaneous catheter-based thrombectomy techniques are rapidly becoming popular in high-risk pulmonary embolism - especially in the presence of contraindications to thrombolysis. The interventional nature of these procedures and the risk of sudden cardiorespiratory compromise requires the presence of an anesthesiologist. Facilitating catheter-based thrombectomy can be challenging since qualifying patients are often critically ill. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide guidance to anesthesiologists for the assessment and management of patients having catheter-based thrombectomy for acute pulmonary embolism. First, available techniques for catheter-based thrombectomy are reviewed. Then, we discuss definitions and application of common risk stratification tools for pulmonary embolism, and how to assess patients prior to the procedure. An adjudication of risks and benefits of anesthetic strategies for catheter-based thrombectomy follows. Specifically, we give guidance and rationale for use monitored anesthesia care and general anesthesia for these procedures. For both, we review strategies for assessing and mitigating hemodynamic perturbations and right ventricular dysfunction, ranging from basic monitoring to advanced inodilator therapy. Finally, considerations for management of right ventricular failure with mechanical circulatory support are discussed.
Participants received Placebo weekly SC injection in combination with MTX for 12 weeks. At Week 12, participants were switched from placebo to GSK3196165 150 mg, SC injection, once weekly in combination with MTX until Week 52.
Control subjects without evidence for EHH defined by no glucose levels below 3.0 mmol/l during a 7-day CGFS (Freestyle libre) and matched to EHH patients for age, gender and BMI will receive only on one study day a single intravenous injection of 10μg Exenatide and compared to group A patients on Day 2. They will not receive a Placebo injection.
Aspiration pneumonia is the leading cause of death in patients with Parkinson's disease. The incidence of silent aspiration is high in such patients owing to decreased pharyngeal and laryngeal sensation; thus, interventions for this condition may help prevent pneumonia. In this single-arm, open-label study, we used a cervical percutaneous interferential current stimulation device to activate pharyngeal and laryngeal sensory nerves. We evaluated its effectiveness in patients with Hoehn-Yahr stages 2-4 Parkinson's disease. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with a normal cough reflex after consuming 1% citric acid at the end of the intervention compared with baseline measurements. In total, 25 patients received neck percutaneous interferential current stimulation for 20 min twice weekly for 8 weeks. Afterward, the proportion of patients with a normal cough reflex after 1% citric acid consumption increased significantly (p = 0.001), whereas other indicators, such as tongue pressure, peak expiratory flow, and penetration or aspiration during videofluoroscopic examination, remained unchanged. A longer duration of illness, higher Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale total scores, and higher levodopa equivalent daily doses were significantly associated with improved cough test outcomes. Hence, cervical percutaneous interferential current stimulation significantly improved cough reflexes and may improve silent aspiration. Trial Registration: Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs062220013, first registered 09/05/2022.
A process for the preparation of a composition comprising one or more compounds of formula (I) is provided: wherein R1 and R2 independently represent H or -NO, provided that at least one of R1 and R2 is -NO; wherein the process comprises the steps of (i) reacting 1,2-propanediol with a source of nitrite, optionally in the presence of a suitable acid, wherein: (a) when the nitrite is an organic nitrite, step (i) is performed in a suitable organic solvent; and (b) when the nitrite is an inorganic nitrite, step (i) is performed in a bi-phasic mixture comprising an aqueous phase and an non-aqueous phase. The nitrite is preferably sodium nitrite or tert-butyl nitrite. The acid is preferably sulfuric acid. A substantially non-aqueous composition comprising (a) one or more compounds of formula (I); and (b) 1,2-propanediol is provided. A pharmaceutical formulation; a kit of parts and a combination product comprising the substantially non-aqueous composition are provided. The composition, pharmaceutical formulation, kit of part or combination product for use in the treatment of a condition wherein administration of nitric oxide (NO) has a beneficial effect is provided.
Physicians attending multi-morbid older patients i.e. with 3 or more chronic medical conditions receive a SENATOR software-generated report with advice details on potentially inappropriate pharmacotherapy and/or potentially inappropriate prescribing omissions.
Aquatic decomposition, as a forensic discipline, has been largely under-investigated as a consequence of the highly complex and influential variability of the water environment. The limitation to the adaptability of scenario specific results justifies the necessity for experimental research to increase our understanding of the aquatic environment and the development of post-mortem submersion interval (PMSI) methods of estimation. This preliminary research aims to address this contextual gap by assessing the variation in the bacterial composition of aquatic biofilms as explained by water parameter measurements over time, associated with clothed and bare decomposing remains. As part of three field investigations, a total of 9 still-born piglets (n = 3, per trial) were used as human analogues and were submerged bare or clothed in either natural cotton or synthetic nylon. Changes in the bacterial community composition of the water surrounding the submerged remains were assessed at 4 discrete time points post submersion (7, 14, 21 and 28 days) by 16 S rRNA gene Next Generation Sequencing analysis and compared to coinciding water parameter measurements (i.e. conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO)). Bacterial diversity was found to change over time and relative to clothing type, where significant variation was observed between synthetic nylon samples and bare/cotton samples. Seasonality was a major driver of bacterial diversity, where substantial variation was found between samples collected in early winter to those collected in mid - late winter. Water parameter measures of pH, salinity and DO were identified to best explain the global bacterial community composition and their corresponding dynamic trajectory patterns overtime. Further investigation into bacterial community dynamics in accordance with varying environmental conditions could potentially lead to the determination of influential extrinsic factors that may drive bacterial activity in aquatic decomposition. Together with the identification of potential bacterial markers that complement the different stages of decomposition, this may provide a future approach to PMSI estimations.
BACKGROUND: Application of numerous malaria control interventions has led to reduction in clinical malaria cases and deaths but also the realisation that asymptomatic parasite carriers play a key role in sustaining transmission. This study assessed the effectiveness of using the Ultra-sensitive NxTek eliminate RDT (uRDT) and conventional SD Bioline HRP2 RDT (cRDT) in diagnosing asymptomatic parasitaemia while measuring the impact of mass testing, treatment and tracking (MTTT) on the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria over a 1-year period in Ghana.
METHODS: A total of 4000 targeted participants from two towns, Obom and Kofi Kwei, with their surrounding villages, were tested for asymptomatic malaria four times over the study period using uRDT (intervention) and the cRDT (control) respectively. Participants carrying malaria parasites were followed by home visit and phone calls for compliance to treatment, and filter paper blood blots collected from participants were used to determine true parasite carriage by PET-PCR. A mathematical model of the study site was developed and used to test the impact of test sensitivity and mass migration on the effect of MTTT.
RESULTS: The start and end point sensitivities of the cRDT were 48.8% and 41.7% and those for the uRDT were 52.9% and 59.9% respectively. After a year of MTTTs, asymptomatic parasite prevalence, as determined by PCR, did not differ statistically in the control site (40.6% to 40.1%, P = 0.730) but decreased at the intervention site (55.9% to 46.4%, P < 0.0001). Parasite prevalence by RDT, however, indicated statistical reduction in the control site (25.3% to 22.3%, P = 0.017) and no change in the intervention site (35.1% to 36.0%, P = 0.614). The model predicted a mild effect of both diagnostic sensitivity and human movement in diminishing the impact of MTTT in the study sites.
CONCLUSIONS: Asymptomatic parasite prevalence at the molecular level reduced significantly in the site where the uRDT was used but not where the cRDT was used. Overall, the uRDT exhibited higher sensitivity relative to the cRDT. Highly sensitive molecular techniques such as PET-PCR should be included in parasite prevalence estimation during MTTT exercises.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a superhydrophilic amphiphilic copolymer for generating a high volume stable foam for use in applications, such as personal care formulations, with low irritation.SOLUTION: There is provided a superhydrophilic amphiphilic copolymer comprising a polysaccharide based on starch derived from potato or tapioca which has DP (degree of polymerization) of 4 to 1,000 and is modified with one or more hydrophobic reagents. The one or more hydrophobic reagents include dodecenyl succinic anhydride. The superhydrophilic amphiphilic copolymer comprises a superhydrophilic repeating unit and an amphiphilic repeating unit. The superhydrophilic repeating unit has two or more hydrophilic parts and has no hydrophobic part. The amphiphilic repeating unit has at least one hydrophilic part and at least one hydrophobic part. A solvent viscosity of a 2% aqueous solution of the superhydrophilic amphiphilic copolymer measured at 25°C is 9 centipoise or less.SELECTED DRAWING: None
The "fat but fit paradox" states that people who are fit have a lower cluster cardiometabolic risk (CCMR), even if they are overweight or obese. Therefore, the objective was to investigate the CCMR between four categories based on the "fat but fit paradox" variable, in different fitness categories-cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular fitness, and physical fitness-in adolescents. Body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle fitness, blood samples, and blood pressure were assessed in 230 adolescents, and cardiometabolic risk and three different "fat but fit paradox" variables were calculated. Participants with a higher CRF exhibited a lower CCMR within their body mass index (BMI) category (p < 0.05). Participants with a high BMI and high muscular fitness showed a lower CCMR than participants with a low muscular fitness and a similar BMI, or low BMI and low muscular fitness (p < 0.05). When both variables, CRF and muscular fitness, were combined, their effectabove CCMR increased (p < 0.05). Across all fitness categories, the fat and unfit group, whether considered individually or combined, exhibited the highest risk of CCMR (p < 0.05). This study confirms the "fat but fit paradox" in different physical fitness categories, showing the importance of both CRF and muscular fitness as predictors of CCMR, with the combination of both variables showing a greater agreement.
A method is provided for evaluating the efficacy of a molecule against a target population, the target population, including a strain resistant to a first toxin. The method comprising determining a susceptible strain in the target population. The susceptible strain being susceptible to the first toxin. The method further comprising selecting for a resistant strain in the target population. The resistant strain being resistant to the first toxin. The method further comprising evaluating the efficacy of the resistant strain with a plurality of molecules to determine a second toxin that is more toxic to the resistant strain than to the susceptible strain. Wherein the target population is at least one of an insect, a fungi, a plant, and a nematode. Methods and systems are provided for determining and developing negative cross resistance factors. The method includes evolving a strengthened NCR toxin from an initial NCR toxin by obtaining an initial NCR compound, selectively increasing the toxicity of the NCR compound, and testing the evolved compound to determine if the evolved compound is a stronger NCR compound than the initial NCR toxin. Methods and systems are also provided for deployment and commercial use of NCR toxins.
### Teratogenic Effects

#### Pregnancy category C

Teratology studies have been performed in rats using oral doses of 2.5, 10, and 40 mg/kg/day, and in rabbits using oral doses of 5, 20, and 40 mg/kg/day. These studies have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus at doses up to 10 mg/kg/day in rats (5 times the human dose based on body surface area comparison) and 40 mg/kg/day in rabbits (43 times the human dose based on body surface area comparison). Treatment of rats with 40 mg/kg/day p.o. (21 times the human dose based on a body surface area comparison) produced marked impairment of fertility. The studies produced no evidence of teratogenic activity. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Loperamide should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

### Non-teratogenic Effects

In a peri- and post-natal reproduction study in rats, oral administration of 40 mg/kg/day produced impairment of growth and survival of offspring.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting over 3% of those over 65. It's caused by reduced dopaminergic neurons and Lewy bodies, leading to motor and non-motor symptoms. The relationship between COMT gene polymorphisms and PD is complex and not fully elucidated. Some studies have reported associations between certain COMT gene variants and PD risk, while others have not found significant associations. This study investigates how COMT gene variations impact cortical thickness changes in PD patients over time, aiming to link genetic factors, especially COMT gene variations, with PD progression. This study analyzed data from 44 PD patients with complete 4-year imaging follow-up from the Parkinson Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI) database. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were acquired using consistent methods across 9 different MRI scanners. COMT single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were assessed based on whole genome sequencing data. Longitudinal image analysis was conducted using FreeSurfer's processing pipeline. Linear mixed-effect models were employed to examine the interaction effect of genetic variations and time on cortical thickness, while controlling for covariates and subject-specific variations. The rs165599 SNP stands out as a potential contributor to alterations in cortical thickness, showing a significant reduction in overall mean cortical thickness in both hemispheres in homozygotes (Left: P = 0.023, Right: P = 0.028). The supramarginal, precentral, and superior frontal regions demonstrated significant bilateral alterations linked to rs165599. Our findings suggest that the rs165599 variant leads to earlier manifestation of cortical thinning during the course of the disease. However, it does not result in more severe cortical thinning outcomes over time. There is a need for larger cohorts and control groups to validate these findings and consider genetic variant interactions and clinical features to elucidate the specific mechanisms underlying COMT-related neurodegenerative processes in PD.
Currently, more and more people are suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is estimated that CKD affects over 10% of the population worldwide. This is a significant issue, as the kidneys largely contribute to maintaining homeostasis by, among other things, regulating blood pressure, the pH of blood, and the water-electrolyte balance and by eliminating unnecessary metabolic waste products from blood. What is more, this disease does not show any specific symptoms at the beginning. The development of CKD is predisposed by certain conditions, such as diabetes mellitus or hypertension. However, these disorders are not the only factors promoting the onset and progression of CKD. The primary purpose of this review is to examine renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activity, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), vascular calcification (VC), uremic toxins, and hypertension in the context of their impact on the occurrence and the course of CKD. We firmly believe that a deeper comprehension of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying CKD can lead to an enhanced understanding of the disease. In the future, this may result in the development of medications targeting specific mechanisms involved in the decline of kidney function. Our paper unveils the selected processes responsible for the deterioration of renal filtration abilities.
During the camp, the multidisciplinary team provided disease information, lifestyle modification, nutrition, and exercise for metabolic syndrome. Participants visited at 3- and 6-month after camp for follow-up.
FIELD: medicine, cosmetics. SUBSTANCE: agent has emulsifier, bioactive addition, acid, preserving agent, perfume and water. Haacurbase is used as an emulsifier and gliastin and composition of aqueous-spirituous extracts of rosewort roots, nettle or quence or mountain ash fruits as a bioactive addition. Components are taken in the definite ratio. Agent shows efficacy action, removes shampoo residue, normalizes skin pH, nutrients and recoveries hair stems. EFFECT: recovery and prevention of hair cuticle, enhanced efficacy of agent. 2 tbl
Patients participating in control site offices will not have any contact with the CVRS pharmacist for the first 12 months of their participation in the study. They will receive the study intervention during months 13-24.