anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
There have been reports of hepatic failure, sometimes fatal, in patients treated with duloxetine delayed-release capsules. These cases have presented as hepatitis with abdominal pain, hepatomegaly, and elevation of transaminase levels to more than twenty times the upper limit of normal with or without jaundice, reflecting a mixed or hepatocellular pattern of liver injury. Duloxetine delayed-release capsules should be discontinued in patients who develop jaundice or other evidence of clinically significant liver dysfunction and should not be resumed unless another cause can be established.

Cases of cholestatic jaundice with minimal elevation of transaminase levels have also been reported. Other postmarketing reports indicate that elevated transaminases, bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase have occurred in patients with chronic liver disease or cirrhosis.

Duloxetine increased the risk of elevation of serum transaminase levels in development program clinical trials. Liver transaminase elevations resulted in the discontinuation of 0.3% (92/34,756) of duloxetine-treated patients. In most patients, the median time to detection of the transaminase elevation was about two months. In adult placebo-controlled trials in any indication, for patients with normal and abnormal baseline ALT values, elevation of ALT >3 times the upper limit of normal occurred in 1.25% (144/11,496) of duloxetine-treated patients compared to 0.45% (39/8716) of placebo-treated patients. In adult placebo-controlled studies using a fixed dose design, there was evidence of a dose response relationship for ALT and AST elevation of >3 times the upper limit of normal and >5 times the upper limit of normal, respectively.

Because it is possible that duloxetine and alcohol may interact to cause liver injury or that duloxetine may aggravate pre-existing liver disease, duloxetine delayed-release capsules should not be prescribed to patients with substantial alcohol use or evidence of chronic liver disease.
A portable patient monitoring system may be configured to automatically identify a patient using remote sensing technology, such as radio frequency identification (RFID) or Long Wavelength ID (LWID). A patient monitoring system, such as a portable spot-checking monitor, may be brought in proximity with a patient in order for a remote sensor to receive identification information from an electronic identification device (EID), such as an RFID tag or an LWID tag, associated with the patient. The patient monitoring system may acquire data signals relating to the patient's physiological parameters. The patient monitoring system may process the data signals and generate patient parameter information. The patient monitoring system may then associate the patient parameter information with the identification information and store the information within a memory unit, display the information, and/or upload the information. The patient monitoring system may retrieve a patient identity using the identification information received from the EID.
Participants will receive intravenous (IV) infusion of ustekinumab (approximately 6 milligram/kilogram \[mg/kg\]) and 4 subcutaneous (SC) injections of placebo for adalimumab at Week 0, followed by 2 SC injections of placebo at Week 2. From Week 4 to Week 56, participants will self-administer one SC injection of ustekinumab 90 milligram (mg) every 8 weeks (q8w) starting at Week 8 and placebo adalimumab at the other designated every 2 weeks (q2w) dosing intervals.
Patients should be informed of the following:  
(1) They should be cautioned to discontinue allopurinol and to consult their physician immediately at the first sign of a skin rash, painful urination, blood in the urine, irritation of the eyes, or swelling of the lips or mouth. (2) They should be reminded to continue drug therapy prescribed for gouty attacks since optimal benefit of allopurinol may be delayed for 2 to 6 weeks. (3) They should be encouraged to increase fluid intake during therapy to prevent renal stones. (4) If a single dose of allopurinol is occasionally forgotten, there is no need to double the dose at the next scheduled time. (5) There may be certain risks associated with the concomitant use of allopurinol and dicumarol, sulfinpyrazone, mercaptopurine, azathioprine, ampicillin, amoxicillin, and thiazide diuretics, and they should follow the instructions of their physician. (6) Due to the occasional occurrence of drowsiness, patients should take precautions when engaging in activities where alertness is mandatory. (7) Patients may wish to take allopurinol after meals to minimize gastric irritation.
FIELD: medicine, surgery. SUBSTANCE: the present method deals with treating multiple costal fractures. Costal ends are covered along the perimeter with allotransplant to fix it with medicinal glue and special sutures by prefilling the defect between fractures with composite consisting of "Sulfacrylate" medicinal glue and acetone at 1:5 ratio and antibiotic powder with methyluracil. Moreover, allotransplant's sizes should exceed the sites of fractures being not less than 2 cm by length. EFFECT: higher efficiency of restoration. 3 cl
Participants randomized to LY545694 49 milligrams (mg) BID po were first administered LY545694 21 mg BID po at Visit 3. After 1 week of dosing, participants were escalated to LY545694 49 mg BID po at Visit 4. Participants who were intolerant of this dose were titrated back down to 21 mg BID po for the remainder of study treatment.
An actuator has a support plate, a pump head in thermally conductive contact with the support plate, and an actuator body. Cooling means is disposed between the support plate and the actuator body. The cooling means is configured to remove and transfer heat from the pump head to the actuator body. In one embodiment, the cooling means includes two thermally conductive plates (called cold-side and hot-side plates) and a thermoelectric device disposed in thermally conductive contact between the cold-side and hot-side plates. The cold-side plate is in thermal communication with the pump head through the support plate. The hot-side plate is in thermal communication with the actuator body. The thermoelectric device is configured to transfer heat from the cold-side plate, which is in thermal communication with the pump head, to the hot-side plate, which is in thermal communication with the actuator body, thereby removing heat from the pump head.
Lifetime maximally tolerated oral dose studies in mice (up to 360 mg/kg/day, approximately twice the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis) and rats (up to 270 mg/kg/day, approximately 3 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis) provided no evidence of a carcinogenic potential for propafenone. Propafenone was not mutagenic in the Ames (salmonella) test and the in vivo mouse dominant lethal test. Propafenone was not clastogenic in the human lymphocyte chromosome aberration assay in vitro, the rat and Chinese hamster micronucleus tests, and other in vivo tests for chromosomal aberrations in rat bone marrow and Chinese hamster bone marrow and spermatogonia.

  


Propafenone, administered intravenously, has been shown to decrease spermatogenesis at lethal doses in rabbits (≥3.5 mg/kg/day) or at near-lethal dose levels in monkeys and dogs (≤5 mg/kg/day); doses were less than the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis. These effects were reversible and did not impair fertility in rabbits at an intravenous dose of 3.5 mg/kg/day (a spermatogenesis-impairing dose). Effects on spermatogenesis were not found when propafenone was administered to rats either orally or intravenously up to 360 mg/kg/day or 6 mg/kg/day, respectively, or in dogs at oral doses up to 240 mg/kg/day (up to approximately 4 or 9 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis in rats and dogs, respectively). Treatment of male rabbits for 10 weeks prior to mating at an oral dose of 120 mg/kg/day (approximately 2 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis) did not result in evidence of impaired fertility. Nor was there evidence of impaired fertility when propafenone was administered orally to male and female rats at dose levels up to 270 mg/kg/day (approximately 3 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis) for 10 weeks (males) or 2 weeks (females) prior to mating through mating.
A cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparation for topical use contains from about 0.00001 wt. -% to about 20 wt. -%, of one or more alkaloids of Mitragyna speciosa and from about 0.00001 wt. -% to about 20 wt. -% of one or more cannabinoids of Cannabis indica or Cannabis sativa. The preparation is intended for use in preventing and/or treating skin and mucosal disorders and conditions.
Wearing a face mask or a filtering facepiece respirator, especially in hot weather for more than one hour, causes discomfort. But, in a viral pandemic, a barrier to filter inhaled and exhaled air is necessary to protect against airborne pathogens. The sensations of heat abstraction, that is, coolness and cold, can be captured by the rational design of optimized molecules. The topical application of these molecules alleviates the discomfort of wearing a face mask covering. Several entities were identified by synthesis and experiment as having the ideal properties for achieving this purpose. The preferred embodiments are certain 1-diisopropyl-phosphinoyl-alkanes described as DIPA-1-7, DIPA-1-8, and DIPA-1-9, collectively referred to herein as “DIPA compounds.” The applicant found that topical delivery of DIPA compounds to the facial skin, especially to the surface of the external nares (nostrils), alleviates face mask discomfort. From these studies, I hypothesize that the absence of cool air dynamics about the nostrils causes face mask discomfort, not just static heat accumulation or excess humidity. The present discovery pertains to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, and the use of such compounds and compositions for relieving face mask discomfort.
CASE: A 32-year-old woman with bilateral Madelung deformity presented with severe pain and arthritis of the radiocarpal and distal radioulnar joints. At final follow-up, 17 months for the left and 12 months for the right wrist, she had excellent functional results with no pain. Range of motion was 30° of flexion and 30° of extension with full pronosupination.
CONCLUSION: There is paucity in the literature regarding salvage procedures in adults with this deformity. We demonstrate treatment with distal ulna excision and an radioscapholunate arthrodesis. This procedure may be indicated in Madelung deformity and proximal radiocarpal and distal radioulnar joint arthritis.
Task-specific primary focal dystonias (tsPFDs) are characterized by selective activation of dystonic movements during performance of highly learned motor tasks, such as writing, playing a musical instrument, speaking, or singing. Despite the recent advances in describing the clinical features of dystonia, there is a fundamental gap in understanding the neural abnormalities underlying the development of tsPFDs, which affect the same muscles but result in different clinical manifestations as in writer's cramp vs. pianist's dystonia or spasmodic dysphonia vs. singer's dystonia. Continued existence of this gap is an important problem because it renders us unable to differentiate between primary and secondary brain changes contributing to the tsPFD pathophysiology and to develop novel treatment options targeting disorder-specific brain alterations. The objective of this application is to identify the brain mechanisms underlying the phenomenon of task specificity in two representative groups of patients with writer's cramp vs. musician's hand dystonia and spasmodic dysphonia vs. singer's laryngeal dystonia using a novel approach of combined clinico-behavioral examination, brain network analysis and quantitative neuropathology of postmortem brain tissue. Our central hypothesis is that each tsPFD is characterized by distinct brain abnormalities, which selectively affect the focal segments of brain networks responsible for the performance of the respective motor task. The rationale for the proposed research is that identification of tsPFD-specific brain changes and associated neuropathology will clarify the neural mechanisms (primary vs. secondary) contributing to the clinical manifestation of these disorders and thus explain the phenomenon of tsPFDs. The obtained results are expected to provide strong scientific bases for the next series of studies directed towards identification and validation of novel pharmacological and/or surgical therapies for these patients. The researchers will pursue the following two specific aims: (1) determine distinct features of brain functional network abnormalities underlying task-specificity in different tsPFDs, and (2) establish structural correlates of functional neuroimaging abnormalities in tsPFDs. The proposed research is significant because it is expected to establish scientific evidence that tsPFD is a network disorder with abnormalities following distinct patterns in different tsPFDs and certain abnormalities showing structure-function correlations are associated with underlying neuropathology. By converging the results from multimodal cross-disciplinary studies to a coherent and pathophysiologically meaningful picture, the researchers will be well positioned to identify primary vs. secondary changes in tsPFDs and establish a scientific framework for the development of diagnostic biomarkers and novel treatment options for these disorders.
The occurrence of cancer is often accompanied by immune evasion and tumor-promoting inflammation, with interleukins (IL) playing a pivotal role in the immune-inflammatory mechanism. However, the precise contribution of serum interleukins in cancer remains elusive. We obtained GWAS summary data for 35 interleukins from eight independent large-scale serum proteome studies of European ancestry populations and for 23 common cancers from the FinnGen Consortium. We then conducted a multicenter Mendelian Randomization (MR) study to explore the relationship between systemic inflammatory status and cancers. 24 causal associations between interleukins and cancers were supported by multicenter data, 18 of which were reported for the first time. Our results indicated that IL-1α (Hodgkin lymphoma), IL-5 (bladder cancer), IL-7 (prostate cancer), IL-11 (bone malignant tumor), IL-16 (lung cancer), IL-17A (pancreatic cancer), IL-20 (bladder cancer), IL-22 (lymphocytic leukemia), IL-34 (breast cancer), IL-36β (prostate cancer), and IL-36γ (liver cancer) were risk factors for related cancers. Conversely, IL-9 (malignant neoplasms of the corpus uteri), IL-17C (liver cancer), and IL-31 (colorectal cancer, bladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, and cutaneous melanoma) exhibited protective effects against related cancers. Notably, the dual effects of serum interleukins were also observed. IL-18 acted as a risk factor for prostate cancer, however, was a protective factor against laryngeal cancer. Similarly, IL-19 promoted the development of lung cancer and myeloid leukemia, while conferring protection against Breast, cervical, and thyroid cancers. Our study confirmed the genetic association between multiple serum interleukins and cancers. Immune and anti-inflammatory strategies targeting these associations provide opportunities for prevention and treatment.
The optimal treatment of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) is currently a subject of clinical research. This questionnaire study investigated current trends in the treatment of HPV-associated (HPV+) OPC in Slovakia with the incorporation of deintensification of oncological treatment into routine clinical practice outside of clinical trials. The Slovak Cooperative Head and Neck Cancer Group (SCHNCG) developed a questionnaire aimed at identifying trends in the oncological treatment of HPV+ OPC intended for all radiation oncology (RO) facilities in Slovakia. Specialists in the field of RO responded to general questions about the character of their individual institutions as well as to 4 theoretical clinical scenarios (case reports) regarding the treatment of HPV+ OPC, focusing primarily on the applied dose of radiotherapy (RT), the extent of target volumes, and the type of concurrent chemotherapy (CHT). The questionnaire study involved 35 RO specialists from 14 institutions in Slovakia. Regarding primary chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in T1N1M0 HPV+ OPC, 16 respondents (45.7%) would consider de-escalation of the RT dose to <70 Gy. In the case of postoperative RT in pT1pN1M0 HPV+ OPC with negative resection margins (R0) and absent extracapsular extension (ECE), 4 physicians (11.4%) would consider de-escalation of the RT dose to <60 Gy in the tumor bed area, while the majority of the treating specialists (n=19, 54.3%) would omit concurrent CHT. In the case of primary RT in elderly patient with T2N1M0 HPV+ OPC, the same number of physicians (n=16, 45.7%) would consider de-escalation of the RT dose to <70 Gy, and 14 respondents (40.0%) would completely omit CHT. In a high-risk patient with T2N3M0 HPV+ OPC with a complete response after 3 cycles of induction chemotherapy (iCHT), none of the respondents would indicate a reduction in the RT dose to the area of the original tumor and lymphadenopathy to <60 Gy. The doses and extent of irradiated volumes in the treatment of HPV+ OPC in Slovakia vary among different institutions. The tendency to de-escalate RT doses and reduce doses of concurrent systemic therapy in Slovakia is high and there was also an observed trend to reduce the extent of radiation treatment fields.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a therapeutic agent for pruritus, further in details a therapeutic agent for the pruritus selectively inhibiting a glutamic acid receptor, preferably N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (hereinafter referred to as NMDA) type receptor or a metabolic type receptor in the periphery.  <P>SOLUTION: This therapeutic agent for the pruritus comprises a compound selectively inhibiting the glutamic acid receptor as an active ingredient. The therapeutic agent for the pruritus comprising the compound selectively inhibiting the glutamic acid receptor, preferably the NMDA type receptor or the metabolic type receptor as the active ingredient suppresses a dermal peripheral sensory nerve activity. Thereby, a scratching behavior can be suppressed. As a result, the agent is useful as the therapeutic agent for the pruritus.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
The ductus arteriosus is an essential blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery and the aorta in the fetus. The patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) allows oxygenated blood that returns from the placenta to bypass the lungs and supply the fetal systemic circulation. In fetal life, ductus remains open due to low partial pressure of oxygen, circulating or locally produced prostaglandins and local nitric oxide production. Constriction of ductal vascular smooth muscle (functional closure) occurs within few hours of delivery due to decrease level of prostaglandin and rising oxygen concentrations. Closure of ductus can be affected by several perinatal and postnatal factors such as growth restriction, sepsis, and fluid overload. Spontaneous PDA closure occurs in \> 34% extreme premature infants compared to \> 95% in infants with birth weight more than 1500 grams. In a prospective study, 65 infants less than 1500 g birth weight were closely followed by serial echocardiograms. Sensitivity of ductal tissue to oxygen and prostaglandin differs in preterm compared to term infants. Without sufficient physiologic hypoxia, the ductus may fail to close or may reopen after initial constriction. Several co-morbidities have been associated with prolonged patency of the ductus in preterm infants (e.g., prolonged ventilator support, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, pulmonary hemorrhage, impaired renal function, intraventricular hemorrhage and cerebral palsy). Preterm infants with uncomplicated respiratory course, PDA is commonly managed conservatively. Currently hemodynamically significant PDA are managed medically (indomethacin and ibuprofen) and surgically. Recently, acetaminophen has gained attention as an alternative for PDA management due to its low cost, wide availability and the potential for fewer side effects. In two randomized controlled trials comparing acetaminophen with ibuprofen, authors have shown comparable closure rate of PDA with acetaminophen.

To our knowledge, a combination of the drugs has not been used to treat PDA in preterm infants and prospective study has not been conducted or published to determine the effectiveness of a combination of ibuprofen and acetaminophen in the treatment of PDA. As both medications are metabolized through different organs (hepatic and renal), the investigator assume that incidence of adverse events should not be affected. The Investigator hypothesize that the combination of oral ibuprofen and oral acetaminophen will be more effective, because the mechanisms of action differ for the two medications and hence may produce therapeutic synergy.
This will be a prospective, randomized, control trial looking at the benefit of bimodal analgesia in the treatment of long bone fractures. The traditional pain control regimen following fracture fixation typically involves a course of narcotics on an as-needed basis for pain relief. Recent data has shown that adding NSAIDS to the pain regimen as part of a bimodal approach to pain control, improves the efficacy of pain management and reduces narcotic use. Laboratory research on NSAIDs as it pertains to bone healing, however, has shown in animal models that there may be a positive association between NSAIDS and non-union rates. In other words, NSAIDS may prevent or delay bone healing. These results, however, have not been tested prospectively in humans.

The purpose of this study is to look at the combination of NSAIDS and narcotics post long bone fracture and monitor the effects on narcotic use and healing rates to ultimately and conclusively establish the risk or benefit of NSAIDS after long bone fracture.
Patients receive broccoli seed and sprout extract PO QD for 12 weeks in the absence of unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo the collection of blood, nasal epithelial cell, and buccal cell samples throughout the study.
BACKGROUND: Extreme precipitation events often cause sudden drops in salinity, leading to disease outbreaks in shrimp aquaculture. Evidence suggests that environmental stress increases animal host susceptibility to pathogens. However, the mechanisms of how low salinity stress induces disease susceptibility remain poorly understood.
METHODS: We investigated the acute response of shrimp gut microbiota exposed to pathogens under low salinity stress. For comparison, shrimp were exposed to Vibrio infection under two salinity conditions: optimal salinity (Control group) and low salinity stress (Stress group). High throughput 16S rRNA sequencing and real-time PCR were employed to characterize the shrimp gut microbiota and quantify the severity level of Vibrio infection.
RESULTS: The results showed that low salinity stress increased Vibrio infection levels, reduced gut microbiota species richness, and perturbed microbial functions in the shrimp gut, leading to significant changes in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis that promoted the growth of pathogens. Gut microbiota of the bacterial genera Candidatus Bacilliplasma, Cellvibrio, and Photobacterium were identified as biomarkers of the Stress group. The functions of the gut microbiota in the Stress group were primarily associated with cellular processes and the metabolism of lipid-related compounds.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal how environmental stress, particularly low salinity, increases shrimp susceptibility to Vibrio infection by affecting the gut microbiota. This highlights the importance of avoiding low salinity stress and promoting gut microbiota resilience to maintain the health of shrimp.