anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Hibiscus species (Malvaceae) possess a plethora of appealing pharmacological activities with an extended history of customary use in diverse medical conditions. The present study aimed at comparing the metabolomic analyses of three Hibiscus species native to Egypt, namely H. tiliaceus, H. schizopetalus extract (HSE), and H. rosa-sinensis, alongside identifying a promising natural wound healing candidate. Chemical profiling of the leaf extracts was achieved via UPLC-ESI/MS/MS-guided analysis that resulted in the tentative identification of a total of 48 secondary metabolites pertaining to phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, fatty acids, and fatty amides. Remarkably, in vitro studies revealed that HSE exhibited the topmost wound healing activity. Subsequently, HSE was formulated into hydro- and nanogel (1% w/v) formulations for further assessing its efficacy in the wound excision model. HSE-nanogel demonstrated a significant in vivo wound contraction activity alongside improving histopathological abnormalities. Mechanistically, HSE-nanogel upregulated the wound antioxidant status through increasing the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase activity. Moreover, HSE-nanogel suppressed the wound inflammatory responses by diminishing the expressions of NF-ĸB, TNF-α, and IL-6. Molecular docking studies were performed on HSE's major constituents using CDOCKER, which further supported the in vivo findings. Collectively, HSE nanogel exhibits notable aptitude as a wound-healing agent, warranting further clinical appraisal.
BACKGROUND: Dialysis patients are at high risk for drug-related problems (DRPs), which have significant consequences for their morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. Improved clinical outcomes can be achieved by preventing, identifying, and resolving these problems.
METHODS: This is a retrospective observational study. In this study, the PAIR instrument (Pharmacotherapy Assessment in Chronic Renal Disease) was validated for use in Turkish. Validation consisted of three stages: translation back-translation with expert panel evaluation, reliability analysis using the test-retest method, and conceptual validity with both Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) and PAIR used to determine DRPs prevalence.
RESULTS: In total, 104 patients (mean ± SD age, 54.1 ± 15.8 years; 53.8% male) were included in the study. An expert panel evaluated the items in the criterion based on their intelligibility, service of purpose, differentiation, and cultural suitability during the translation stage. Content validity index (CVI) score was found to be 0.95. The reliability analysis was performed by applying the test-retest method and calculating correlation coefficient on 30 randomly selected patients one month later. Correlation coefficient (p) was found to be 0.8. To evaluate conceptual validity, 104 patients' pharmacotherapy plans were assessed using both the PAIR and PCNE criteria. The prevalence of DRPs according to PAIR criteria (100.0%) and PCNE (73.1%) were statistically significantly different (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: As a result, PAIR criteria can identify clinically relevant DRPs in patients with CKD and is a new, validated tool to be used in Turkey, but may not be adequate for patients receiving dialysis. Therefore, it needs to be reviewed and updated for dialysis patients.
Until now there are no evidence-based, good-quality data from sufficiently powered clinical trials supporting the use of any antiviral medicines or immunomodulatory therapies in the management or prophylaxis of COVID-19; however there are currently being initiated studies in Europe and U.S., and a few registered studies are ongoing in China. Currently two groups of medicines are hypothesized to be effective therapeutic options in COVID-19: (1) classical antiviral drugs interfering with pathogen dissemination / replication, and (2) compounds inhibiting host inflammatory reactions, especially (and potentially selectively) in respiratory tract / system (cytokine inhibitors and specific antibodies). Special hopes are placed in quinoline derivatives such as chloroquine (CQ), based on some unpublished data from China and a few experiments in vitro. CQ is an old antimalarial drug that has been used for more than 50 years in the therapy and prevention of this parasitosis. Anti-inflammatory features of quinolone derivatives such as CQ or hydroxychloroquine have also been used in rheumatology (for the therapy of lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis) due to the inhibition of the production of proinflammatory cytokines. The effectiveness (and safety) of CQ in COVID-19 has not been investigated in sufficiently powered RCTs until now.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a problem for the healthcare system worldwide. DM has very serious complications such as blindness, kidney failure, and cardiovascular disease. In addition to the very bad socioeconomic impacts, it influences patients and their families and communities. The global costs of DM and its complications are huge and expected to rise by the year 2030. DM is caused by genetic and environmental risk factors. Genetic testing will aid in early diagnosis and identification of susceptible individuals or populations using ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels present in different tissues such as the pancreas, myocardium, myocytes, and nervous tissues. The channels respond to different concentrations of blood sugar, stimulation by hormones, or ischemic conditions. In pancreatic cells, they regulate the secretion of insulin and glucagon. Mutations in the KCNJ11 gene that encodes the Kir6.2 protein (a major constituent of KATP channels) were reported to be associated with Type 2 DM, neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM), and maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). Kir6.2 harbors binding sites for ATP and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-diphosphate (PIP2). The ATP inhibits the KATP channel, while the (PIP2) activates it. A Kir6.2 mutation at tyrosine330 (Y330) was demonstrated to reduce ATP inhibition and predisposes to NDM. In this study, we examined the effect of mutations on the Kir6.2 structure using bioinformatics tools and molecular dynamic simulations (SIFT, PolyPhen, SNAP2, PANTHER, PhD&SNP, SNP&Go, I-Mutant, MuPro, MutPred, ConSurf, HOPE, and GROMACS). Our results indicated that M199R, R201H, R206H, and Y330H mutations influence Kir6.2 structure and function and therefore may cause DM. We conclude that MD simulations are useful techniques to predict the effects of mutations on protein structure. In addition, the M199R, R201H, R206H, and Y330H variant in the Kir6.2 protein may be associated with DM. These results require further verification in protein-protein interactions, Kir6.2 function, and case-control studies.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has garnered considerable attention due to its morbidity and mortality. Although the precise mechanisms underlying HCC tumorigenesis remain to be elucidated, evidence suggests that host immunity plays a pivotal role in its development. IL-36 and IL-37 are important immunoregulatory cytokines classified as pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory respectively. In the context of HCC, the downregulation of intrahepatic IL-36 is inversely correlated with cirrhosis, but positively correlated with 5-year survival rates, suggesting that IL-36 offers protection during HCC development. However, IL-36 may lose its hepatoprotective effects as the disease progresses to HCC in the context of dysregulated immunity in cirrhotic patients. Substantially increased circulating IL-36 in HCC patients is likely a systemic response to HCC stimulation, but is insufficient to suppress progression towards HCC. Intrahepatic IL-37 is suppressed in HCC patients, consistent with the inverse correlation between intrahepatic IL-37 and the level of AFP in HCC patients, suggesting IL-37 exerts hepatoprotection. There is no significant difference in IL-37 among differentiations of HCC or with respect to clinical BCLC stages or cirrhosis status in HCC patients. However, IL-37 protection is demonstrated in an IL-37 transfected HCC animal model, showing significantly reduced tumour size. IL-36/37 may inhibit HCC by enhancing M1 tumour-associated macrophages while not affecting M2 macrophages. The interplay between IL-36 (pro-inflammatory) and IL-37 (anti-inflammatory) is emerging as a crucial factor in host protection against the development of HCC. Further research is needed to investigate the complex mechanisms involved and the therapeutic potential of targeting these cytokines in HCC management.
Patients receive rituximab IV on day 1 and fludarabine phosphate IV on days 2-4. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 6 courses.
The ST2/IL-33 signaling pathway has an important role in the host inflammatory response. Here we aimed to study the association of ST2 and IL-33 polymorphisms with serum soluble (s) ST2 and IL-33 concentrations in healthy Finnish children and, in addition, their association with childhood asthma. In total, 146 children were followed from birth to the age 7 years for the development of asthma. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ST2 and IL-33 were determined, and associations of the SNP variants with serum levels of sST2 and IL-33 at age of 13 months and with recurrent wheezing and childhood asthma at 7 years of age were analyzed. Children with ST2 rs1041973 AC/AA genotypes had significantly lower level of serum sST2 (2453 pg/mL; IQR 2265) than those with CC genotype (5437 pg/mL; IQR 2575; p = < 0.0001). Similar difference was also observed with ST2 rs13408661. No differences were observed between subjects with studied IL-33 SNPs. Children who carried genetic variants of ST2 rs1041973 or rs13408661 seemed to have a higher risk of asthma. In contrast, children who carried genetic variants of IL-33 rs12551268 were less often diagnosed with asthma. Even though these SNPs seemed to associate with asthma, the differences were not statistically significant.
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is an experimental treatment for medication-refractory neuropathic pain. The ventral posteromedial (VPM) and ventral posterolateral (VPL) nuclei of the thalamus are popular targets for the treatment of facial and limb pain, respectively. While intraoperative testing is used to adjust targeting of patient-specific pain locations, a better understanding of thalamic somatotopy may improve targeting of specific body regions including the individual trigeminal territories, face, arm, and leg. To elucidate the somatotopic organization of the ventral nuclear group of the dorsal thalamus using in vivo macrostimulation data from patients undergoing DBS for refractory neuropathic pain. In vivo macrostimulation data was retrospectively collected for 14 patients who underwent DBS implantation for neuropathic pain syndromes at our institution. 56 contacts from 14 electrodes reconstructed with LeadDBS were assigned to macrostimulation-related body regions: tongue, face, arm, or leg. 33 contacts from 9 electrodes were similarly assigned to one of three trigeminal territories: V1, V2, or V3. MNI coordinates in the x, y, and z axes were compared by using MANOVA. Across the horizontal plane of the ventral nuclear group of the dorsal thalamus, the tongue was represented significantly medially, followed by the face, arm, and leg most laterally (p < 0.001). The trigeminal territories displayed significant mediolateral distribution, proceeding from V1 and V2 most medial to V3 most lateral (p < 0.001). Along the y-axis, V2 was also significantly anterior to V3 (p = 0.014). While our results showed that the ventral nuclear group of the dorsal thalamus displayed mediolateral somatotopy of the tongue, face, arm, and leg mirroring the cortical homunculus, the mediolateral distribution of trigeminal territories did not mirror the established cortical homunculus. This finding suggests that the facial homunculus may be inverted in the ventral nuclear group of the dorsal thalamus.
PURPOSE:To provide an antitumor agent containing lipoteichoic acid as an active component. CONSTITUTION:Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is extracted from the whole bacterial cell of Gram-positive bacteria (e.g. bacterial strain of Streptococcus genus, Micrococcus genus, Lactobacillus genus, Staphylococcus genus, Bacillus genus, etc.), or an cell envelope containing cell wall and cell membrane separated from the cell of the above strain, by conventional extraction process. The objective antitumor agent is prepared by using the LTA as an active component. Since LTA is amphiphatic, soluble in both water and oily solvents and stable, it can be used as an agent for oral or parenteral administration. Dose: 0.1-100mg, preferably 1-20mg for each person.
Patients will be required to breath in individual 1 liter bags of gas while in an MRI to produce lung images. These bags of gas are each made up of 333mL of Helium-3 gas and 667mL of Nitrogen. The first three bags will be administered with a break between each of five to ten minutes. Then the placebo (nebulized saline solution) will be administered (2.1 mL). After administration of the placebo, three additional bags of hyperpolarized helium-3 will be administered, again with five to ten minutes between each bag.
Nutritional insults early in life, such as during the suckling phase, are associated with phenotypic alterations and promote adverse permanent effects that impair the capacity to maintain energy balance in adulthood. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of a low-protein (LP) diet during lactation on the metabolism and antioxidant systems of adult female rat offspring. Dams were fed a low-protein diet (4% protein) during the first two weeks of lactation or a normal-protein (NP) diet (20% protein) during the entire lactation period. The female offspring received a standard diet throughout the experiment. At 90 days of age, female LP offspring exhibited decreased body weight, feeding efficiency, and fat pad stores. The adult LP female offspring displayed brown adipose tissue hyperplasia without alterations in glucose homeostasis. The LP diet decreased liver triglyceride content and improved the antioxidant system compared to the NP group. The LP diet during the suckling phase promotes a lean phenotype and improves the hepatocyte antioxidant system in adult female offspring. Thus, the LP diet may play an important role in homeostasis and the prevention of metabolic damage.
PURPOSE:To obtain a powdery composition contg. a liquid which can slowly release the liquid component, by preparing a suspension of a solute soln. comprising porous powder and a solvent contg. a solvent having a vapor pressure higher than that of a solute and removing a lower-boiling solvent contained therein. CONSTITUTION:A suspension of a solute soln. comprising porous powder and a solvent contg. a solvent having a vapor pressure higher than that of a solute is prepared. The suspension is dried to remove a lower-boiling solvent contained therein to obtain an intended liq.-contg. powdery composition contg. a soln. of a liq. solute within the pores of the porous powder. The porous powder is one which has pores communicating with the surface of the particles, and commercially available activated carbon, silica gel, activated zinc white, etc., themselves may be used as the porous powder. Among them, activated carbon having a large specific surface area and a large pore volume, and silica gel of a size of the order of mu are preferably used in order to enhance the amount of the liq. incorporated. Examples of the solute include synthetic pyrethroid, isoxathion, lubricating oils, etc.
BACKGROUND: Technological and surgical approaches to carotid artery stenting (CAS) have evolved. Modern randomised controlled trials comparing CAS and carotid endarterectomy (CEA) are limited, and information about updated post-intervention outcomes are mostly from retrospective, small studies.
AIMS: This study aims to compare the 30-day outcomes of stroke, transient ischaemic attack (TIA), acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and death with propensity-matched groups of CEA and CAS in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients over a recent study period of new CAS technologies and approaches.
METHODS: A retrospective, observational, multicentre analysis was conducted including consecutive symptomatic and asymptomatic patients treated with either primary CEA or CAS for internal carotid artery stenosis, between 2015 and 2022. Patients were propensity score-matched based on comorbidities and assessed according to symptom status. Primary endpoints include composite ipsilateral stroke, TIA, AMI and death within 30 days. Secondary endpoints include technical success and length of hospital stay.
RESULTS: From a cohort of 1,110 patients, propensity matching produced 269 distinct treatment pairs (n=538). Most patients were asymptomatic (n=456, 85%). All 6 strokes were minor (CEA=2; CAS=4) and registered among asymptomatic patients. One AMI (CEA) and 1 patient death (CAS) were reported among symptomatic patients. Composite stroke/AMI/death were not significantly different between both types of symptom status and both revascularisation techniques (p=0.44 and p=1, respectively). Technical success was 100%. The length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in asymptomatic patients treated with CAS compared to those treated with CEA (p=0.05), but no difference was registered among symptomatic patients (p=0.32).
CONCLUSIONS: Propensity-matched analysis suggests that CAS has similar postprocedural outcomes for stroke, AMI and death at 30 days compared to CEA.
Standard Care : The classic treatment recommended is the prescription of an oral drug, Ivermectin to be taken two times at one or 2 weeks interval. And recommendations on the need to change the clothes and the linen of the bedding the following day after taking the drug, washing them at more than 50° as well as all the clothes three days before are explained. The first course of oral treatment is swallowed at the BOPC, while the second course is given to be swallowed one week later.
Standard nursing care lasting 20 minutes was performed in the routine sound environment of the neonatal intensive care unit. COMFORTneo scores, pain scores, and vital signs were measured and recorded on the vital signs follow-up form.
Start of optimal management of risk factors, every 2 weeks for 6 months after atrial fibrillation ablation. And followed for a period of 3,6 and 12 months after the procedure.
Parent Performing ECG (PPE) Group--When the baby is 2 weeks old, research staff will contact interested parents to schedule a home visit. During the visit, a research assistant will provide the parents with a kit that includes the QTScreen system and instructions. The parents will perform an ECG on their child using the QTScreen and instructions. If after attempting the ECG on their own parents encounter problems, parents can ask the research assistant for assistance.
Carbidopa and levodopa tablets are indicated in the treatment of the symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (paralysis agitans), post-encephalitic parkinsonism, and symptomatic parkinsonism which may follow injury to the nervous system by carbon monoxide intoxication and/or manganese intoxication. This product is indicated in these conditions to permit the administration of lower doses of levodopa with reduced nausea and vomiting, with more rapid dosage titration, with a somewhat smoother response, and with supplemental pyridoxine (vitamin B6).

In some patients a somewhat smoother antiparkinsonian effect results from therapy with carbidopa and levodopa than with levodopa. However, patients with markedly irregular ("on-off") responses to levodopa have not been shown to benefit from carbidopa and levodopa.

Although the administration of carbidopa permits control of parkinsonism and Parkinson's disease with much lower doses of levodopa, there is no conclusive evidence at present that this is beneficial other than in reducing nausea and vomiting, permitting more rapid titration, and providing a somewhat smoother response to levodopa.

Certain patients who responded poorly to levodopa have improved when carbidopa and levodopa was substituted. This is most likely due to decreased peripheral decarboxylation of levodopa which results from administration of carbidopa rather than to a primary effect of carbidopa on the nervous system. Carbidopa has not been shown to enhance the intrinsic efficacy of levodopa in parkinsonian syndromes.

In considering whether to give this combination product to patients already on levodopa who have nausea and/or vomiting, the practitioner should be aware that, while many patients may be expected to improve, some do not. Since one cannot predict which patients are likely to improve, this can only be determined by a trial of therapy. It should be further noted that in controlled trials comparing carbidopa and levodopa with levodopa, about half of the patients with nausea and/or vomiting on levodopa improved spontaneously despite being retained on the same dose of levodopa during the controlled portion of the trial.
This is a single-center, open, double-cohort clinical study to explore the non-MSI-H type advanced colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases after the failure of first-line standard treatment with fruquintinib combined with calelizumab and HAIC.Clinically, systemic chemotherapy with 5-FU as the core, combined with irinotecan or oxaliplatin is the first-line and second-line standard chemotherapy regimen for unresectable CRLM patients, but various hepatotoxicity will occur during chemotherapy. HAIC can selectively deliver chemotherapeutic drugs to tumor cells, reduce hepatocyte toxicity, relatively preserve liver parenchyma, and increase the concentration of chemotherapy in the tumor. Tumor cells are exposed to chemotherapy for a longer time, which effectively improves the efficacy and safety of treatment. Anti-angiogenic drugs can hinder the growth of microvessels in tumors and the development of metastatic diseases. At present, multiple retrospective studies have provided evidence support. The response rate of HAIC combined with systemic targeted therapy can reach 74 % -92 %. Previous studies have suggested that anti-angiogenic drugs combined with immunotherapy is expected to be a treatment strategy for patients with advanced colorectal cancer who fail to receive standard treatment or cannot receive standard treatment. Therefore, this study investigated the efficacy and safety of fruquintinib combined with Camrelizumab and HAIC in the treatment of patients with non-MSI-H advanced colorectal cancer complicated with liver metastasis after first-line standard treatment failure.
Initial IP will be ten cmH2O, PEEP 4 cmH2O with a 0.5 inspired oxygen fraction, and RR 12 breaths/min. Then under ultrasound guidance, a stepwise increase in inspiratory pressure from 10 cmH2O by 2 cmH2O increments every 5 min until the atelectasis disappeared on ultrasound (progression from lung collapse to B lines to normal lung image). The IP will be fixed at this level, and RR will be adjusted to maintain an EtCO2 at 32-35 mmHg. The maximum airway pressure will be limited to 35 cmH2O.
NEW MATERIAL:A 2-acylthiomethyl-4-phenoxybutyric acid derivative expressed by formula I (X is H, halogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy; R<1> is H or lower alkyl; R<2> is lower alkyl or phenyl). EXAMPLE:2-Acetylthiomethyl-4-phenoxybutyric acid. USE:A remedy for chronic rheumarthritis. PREPARATION:Formaldehyde in an amount of 1-2 molar equiv. is added to a compound expressed by formula II in the presence of 0.1-1.1 molar equiv. secondary amine (e.g., dimethylamine or piperidine) in pyridine at ambient temperature - 120 deg.C for 1-10hr to provide a compound expressed by formula III. A thiocarboxylic acid expressed by the formula R<2>COSH in an amount of 1-2 molar equiv. is added thereto in an organic solvent in the presence or absence of a basic catalyst at -20-100 deg.C for 0.5-24hr to afford the aimed compound expressed by formula I.