anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: One of the causes of low back pain can be directly related to mechanical stability. Stability is the result of coordinated muscle patterns. One of the clinical tests used to assess the pattern of muscle activation is the hip extension test in the prone position, which is considered a reliable test to evaluate lumbopelvic stability. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a difference in the time of activation of these muscles between women with and without chronic low back pain.
METHOD: It is a cross-sectional study carried out with 28 women, 17 women without low back pain and 11 with pain complaints. The electromyographic signals from the spinal erector muscles, gluteus maximus and biceps femoris were collected during the performance of 3 repetitions of the tests.
RESULTS: A total of 22 different sequences were found, 14 in the group without low back pain (NLBPG) and 16 in the group with low back pain (LBPG). Only 8 sequences were common in both groups. Muscle activation sequences were also compared between repetitions, the number of different sequences increased at each repetition and the accumulated percentage corresponding to the second most prevalent sequence decreased.
CONCLUSION: No significant differences were found in onset values between groups. The results demonstrate that there is no pattern in the activation sequence of these muscles and we can understand that pelvic stabilization seems to depend on individual strategies.
Two factors influencing female reproduction have been repeatedly studied in different animal species and humans, namely, 1. secondary plant compounds, especially phytoestrogens (mainly isoflavones (IFs)), and 2. the physical constitution/metabolic phenotype (e.g., obesity). So far, these research results have only been considered separately. In this study, we investigated the influence on reproduction of both phytochemicals, mainly dietary IFs, and the metabolic phenotype represented by three mouse models considered as three distinct genetic groups (a control group, a mouse model with high metabolic activity, and a mouse line with obese body weight). The IF content in different investigated standard chows with similar macronutrient profiles varied significantly (p < 0.005), leading to high mean total plasma IF levels of up to 5.8 µmol/L in juvenile and 6.7 µmol/L in adult female mice. Reproductive performance was only slightly affected; only an IF dose-dependent effect on gestation length was observed in all genetic groups, as well as an effect on pregnancy rate in obese mice. Dietary IF exposure, however, caused earlier onset of vaginal opening by 4-10 days in juvenile mice (p < 0.05), dependent on the genetic group, resulting in a slight acceleration of sexual maturation in the already precocious obese model and to a strong earlier maturation in the otherwise late-maturing sporty model, bred for high treadmill performance. Therefore, our results may help to draw the missing line between the effect of dietary secondary plant constituents, such as IFs, and metabolic phenotype on sexual development.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the mainstay treatment of acute cholecystitis. However, it remains a challenging procedure with low but significant risks of major complications such as bile duct injury increasing as the severity of AC progresses. New Guidelines suggest that laparoscopic cholecystectomy should preferably be performed within 72 hrs of symptom onset but has acknowledged that this may not be always possible in practice. Hence, it recommends that patients presenting after 72 h of symptom onset may still benefit from laparoscopic cholecystectomy in selected patients Studies found that it is imperative to convert to open cholecystectomy when it is deemed unsafe to dissect the Calot's triangle may occur even within or beyond first 72 hrs of attck symptoms. studies found a statistically longer mean total length of hospitalization, operation time and intraoperative blood loss for LC performed beyond 72 h, this did not translate into clinically significant adverse outcomes such as an increase in perioperative morbidity or the need for blood transfusion. After 72 h, chronic inflammation and fibrosis set in resulting in more technically demanding and longer surgeries.Studies show differing results reporting longer operation times for laparoscopic cholecystectomy beyond 72 h, due to stiffer tissues that cannot be bluntly dissected during the subacute phase of tissue inflammation. However, other studies did not report any difference in operation times between both groups.
This case report describes a woman in her late 50s with mesenteric volvulus, an uncommon and potentially fatal condition. She developed excessive abdominal distension, nausea and vomiting for a duration of 2 days. The preliminary ultrasound indicated a large, thick-walled, tight fluid region in her upper abdomen, indicating a probable gastric outlet obstruction. A subsequent contrast-enhanced CT scan of the abdomen confirmed the diagnosis, showing significant distension of the stomach with a thick septum displacing adjacent organs. The mesenteric volvulus was surgically treated as an emergency to restore blood flow to the afflicted mesentery. This condition poses a serious concern due to decreased blood flow and ischaemia, and this example emphasises the necessity of a CT scan for early and precise diagnosis and offers a comprehensive insight into the nature of the volvulus, resulting in prompt surgical treatment and improved patient outcome.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject composition capable of imparting a new method for utilizing fish testes and excellent in effect and safety by including a constituent obtained by a specific method from fish testes. SOLUTION: This composition comprises a filtrate component obtained after the centrifugal separation of ground fish testes mixed with water or its extraction separation using alcohols or water-containing alcohols. The filtrate may be used as it is but can be utilized for preparations as a concentrate by being concentrated or a dried product by being dried. The composition is preferably produced by conducting the above centrifugal separation or extraction separation, separating the mixture into a filtrate part and a precipitation part, and then recovering the filtrate part. The mixture of the fish testes with water is made easy to be separated into the filtrate part and the precipitation part in the centrifugal separation by being heated up to a liquid temperature of about 70 deg.C.  The testes can be obtained as a by-product in processing fishes such salmon, trout, herring and Alaska pollack.
A system for long term releasing of medication in the mouth, and especially an intra-oral fluoride releasing system (IFRS) for releasing fluoride over a long term for inhibiting the formation of caries in the teeth. The system uses a holder (10,130) for retaining and protecting intra-oral fluoride tablets (100) or other intra-oral medicament in the form of fluoride releasing devices (IFRD). The holder (10,130) has a plate (30) with retaining sides (40,140) and retaining posts (50,150,155) or a carrier. The tablet (100) will fit within the holder (10,130). The tablet (100) may be located in the carrier, or ligature bands (200) can be tied around the tablet (100) in order to releasably hold the IFRD within the holder (10,130). The system causes a level of fluoride to be maintained over a long term within the mouth which has been found chemically effective for caries control and without causing severe irritation to oral tissues.
OBJECTIVES: The World Health Organization's definition of oral epithelial dysplasia includes differentiated dysplasia, which is defined by purely architectural abnormalities of oral mucosa without cytological changes. We analysed differentiated dysplasia's frequency, progression risk and correlation with oral brush cytology.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cytoarchitectural criteria and expression patterns of keratin 13/17 and ki67 were studied in oral biopsies clinically diagnosed with leukoplakia. Biopsies were assessed for dysplasia and its grade. Available brush cytology findings were obtained from clinical records.
RESULTS: We included 159 biopsies from 112 patients (33% differentiated dysplasia; 27% keratosis without dysplasia; oral epithelial dysplasia with atypia of mild, moderate and severe degree including invasive cancers in 9%, 8% and 7%, respectively). Keratin 13 loss and keratin 17 gain were higher in differentiated-dysplasia cases (p < 0.0001), which had the highest hypergranulosis frequency. Keratin 17 expression was associated with higher malignant-transformation rates (p = 0.0028). The transformation rate and time were comparable between dysplasia with atypia and differentiated-dysplasia cases, which had higher progression rates and shorter time periods than keratosis cases without dysplasia (p = 0.08). Cytology prior to differentiated dysplasia all indicated normal oral mucosa.
CONCLUSIONS: Keratin 17 but not oral brush cytology can help identify patients with differentiated dysplasia with higher risk for malignant transformation.
The invention relates to a snow pear cough-relieving syrup and a preparation method, which belongs to the composite traditional Chinese medicine technology field. The snow pear cough-relieving syrup solves the problem that the current drugs and transfusion has poor therapeutic effect for rapidly treating cough. The snow pear cough-relieving syrup comprises the following raw materials: 5-15 parts of balloonflower root, 5-15 parts of bitter apricot kernel (fried), 5-15 parts of radix peucedani, 10-25 parts of radix asteris (roasted), 10-25 parts of Common Coltsfoot Flower, 10-30 parts of loquat leaf and 100-300 parts of pear paste. The method comprises the following steps: taking white pear or pyrus ussuriensis, squeezing to obtain the juice, decompressing and concentrating to obtain a stiff paste, employing an ethanol cold leaching method on the other medicinal materials for extracting an effective ingredient, preparing to obtain the stiff paste, adding 700g of cane sugar and other auxiliary materials to obtain the syrup. The snow pear cough-relieving syrup has the advantages of good effect for cough-relieving, good mouthfeel, accurate administration amount and difficult contamination. The snow pear cough-relieving syrup is used for moistening lung, relieving cough and reducing phlegm, and has obvious effect and good security for treating cough, expectoration and bronchitis.
All singleton pregnancies that present to the 12-week scan in the Obstetrics Unit of the participant hospitals. Singleton pregnancies; Gestational age less than 14 weeks, estimated according to Crown-Rump Length (CRL); Blood sample between 8 and 14 weeks of pregnancy; Patients who accept to participate in the study and sign the informed consent.
VESIcare was evaluated in four twelve-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group, multicenter clinical trials for the treatment of overactive bladder in patients having symptoms of urinary frequency, urgency, and/or urge or mixed incontinence (with a predominance of urge). Entry criteria required that patients have symptoms of overactive bladder for ≥ 3 months duration. These studies involved 3027 patients (1811 on VESIcare and 1216 on placebo), and approximately 90% of these patients completed the 12-week studies. Two of the four studies evaluated the 5 and 10 mg VESIcare doses and the other two evaluated only the 10 mg dose. All patients completing the 12-week studies were eligible to enter an open label, long term extension study and 81% of patients enrolling completed the additional 40-week treatment period. The majority of patients were Caucasian (93%) and female (80%) with a mean age of 58 years.

The primary endpoint in all four trials was the mean change from baseline to 12 weeks in number of micturitions/24 hours. Secondary endpoints included mean change from baseline to 12 weeks in number of incontinence episodes/24 hours, and mean volume voided per micturition. The efficacy of VESIcare was similar across patient age and gender. The mean reduction in the number of micturitions per 24 hours was significantly greater with VESIcare 5 mg (2.3; p<0.001) and VESIcare 10 mg (2.7; p<0.001) compared to placebo, (1.4).

The mean reduction in the number of incontinence episodes per 24 hours was significantly greater with VESIcare 5 mg (1.5; p<0.001) and VESIcare 10 mg (1.8; p<0.001) treatment groups compared to placebo (1.1). The mean increase in the volume voided per micturition was significantly greater with VESIcare 5 mg (32.3 mL; p<0.001) and VESIcare 10 mg (42.5 mL; p<0.001) compared with placebo (8.5 mL).

The results for the primary and secondary endpoints in the four individual 12-week clinical studies of VESIcare are reported in Tables 3 through 6.
Ivermectin is indicated for the treatment of onchocerciasis due to the nematode parasite Onchocerca volvulus. 

This indication is based on randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled and comparative studies conducted in 1427 patients in onchocerciasis-endemic areas of West Africa. The comparative studies used diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC-C).

NOTE: Ivermectin has no activity against adult Onchocerca volvulus parasites. The adult parasites reside in subcutaneous nodules which are infrequently palpable. Surgical excision of these nodules (nodulectomy) may be considered in the management of patients with onchocerciasis, since this procedure will eliminate the microfilariae-producing adult parasites.
Stem rust, caused by the biotrophic fungal pathogen Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), is an important disease of wheat. However, the majority of Pgt virulence/avirulence loci and underlying genes remain uncharacterized due to the constraints of developing bi-parental populations with this obligate biotroph. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using a sexual Pgt population mainly collected from the Pacific Northwestern United States were used to identify candidate virulence/avirulence effector genes corresponding to the six wheat Sr genes: Sr5, Sr21, Sr8a, Sr17, Sr9a, and Sr9d. The Pgt isolates were genotyped using whole-genome shotgun sequencing that identified approximately 1.2 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and were phenotyped at the seedling stage on six Sr gene differential lines. Association mapping analyses identified 17 Pgt loci associated with virulence or avirulence phenotypes on six Pgt resistance genes. Among these loci, 16 interacted with a specific Sr gene, indicating Sr-gene specific interactions. However, one avirulence locus interacted with two separate Sr genes (Sr9a and Sr17), suggesting two distinct Sr genes identifying a single avirulence effector. A total of 24 unique effector gene candidates were identified, and haplotype analysis suggests that within this population, AvrSr5, AvrSr21, AvrSr8a, AvrSr17, and AvrSr9a are dominant avirulence genes, while avrSr9d is a dominant virulence gene. The putative effector genes will be fundamental for future effector gene cloning efforts, allowing for further understanding of rust effector biology and the mechanisms underlying virulence evolution in Pgt with respect to race-specific R-genes. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
Participants received oprozomib 210 mg once daily on days 1 to 5 and days 15 to 19 (5/14 schedule) of each 28-day treatment cycle, in combination with lenalidomide 25 mg on days 1 through 21 and dexamethasone 20 mg/day on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, 16, 22, and 23, until progression of disease, unacceptable toxicity, or for 24 cycles, whichever occurred first. After completing 24 cycles of treatment, participants with stable disease or better could have continued on oprozomib with or without dexamethasone pretreatment.
Patients received a triweekly treatment cycle.Oxaliplatin(130mg/m2 over 2h)was intravenously administated for at least 2h on day 1. Capecitabine(1000mg/m2 twice daily)was oral administrated from the evening of day 1 to the morning of day 15.The dose of Recombinant human endostatin on day -5 was calculated according to the patients's body surface area, to provide a CIV 7 days' dose in physiological saline to 240mL volume.
Alendronate sodium is a bisphosphonate that acts as a specific inhibitor of osteoclast­-mediated bone resorption. Bisphosphonates are synthetic analogs of pyrophosphate that bind to the hydroxyapatite found in bone. 

Alendronate sodium is chemically described as (4-amino-1-hydroxybutylidene) bisphosphonic acid monosodium salt trihydrate. 

The empirical formula of alendronate sodium is C 4H 12NNaO 7P 2•3H 2O and its formula weight is 325.12. The structural formula is: 

Alendronate sodium is a white, crystalline, nonhygroscopic powder. It is soluble in water, very slightly soluble in alcohol, and practically insoluble in chloroform. 

Alendronate sodium tablets, USP, for oral administration contain 45.68 mg or 91.37 mg of alendronate monosodium salt trihydrate, which is the molar equivalent of 35 mg and 70 mg, respectively, of free acid, and the following inactive ingredients: microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, croscarmellose sodium, and magnesium stearate. This product meets USP Dissolution Test 2.
Pancreatic fibrosis (PF) is primarily characterized by aberrant production and degradation modes of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, resulting from the activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and the pathological cross-linking of ECM mediated by lysyl oxidase (LOX) family members. The excessively deposited ECM increases matrix stiffness, and the over-accumulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces oxidative stress, which further stimulates the continuous activation of PSCs and advancing PF; challenging the strategy toward normalizing ECM homeostasis for the regression of PF. Herein, ROS-responsive and Vitamin A (VA) decorated micelles (named LR-SSVA) to reverse the imbalanced ECM homeostasis for ameliorating PF are designed and synthesized. Specifically, LR-SSVA selectively targets PSCs via VA, thereby effectively delivering siLOXL1 and resveratrol (RES) into the pancreas. The ROS-responsive released RES inhibits the overproduction of ECM by eliminating ROS and inactivating PSCs, meanwhile, the decreased expression of LOXL1 ameliorates the cross-linked collagen for easier degradation by collagenase which jointly normalizes ECM homeostasis and alleviates PF. This research shows that LR-SSVA is a safe and efficient ROS-response and PSC-targeted drug-delivery system for ECM normalization, which will propose an innovative and ideal platform for the reversal of PF.
PURPOSE:To prepare the titled compound capable of being thermally isomerized and exhibiting continuous physiological activities, by reacting a 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol compound with cyclodextrin in an aqueous medium, and contacting the reaction product with an organic medium. CONSTITUTION:The 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol compound of formula I (R1 and R2 are H or OH) is made to react with cyclodextrin in an aqueous medium, and the resultant reaction mixture is brought into contact with an organic medium [e.g. water-immiscible organic liquid (e.g. ether)] to obtain the objective compound of formula II which is an isomer of the compound of formula I , and is in the thermal equilibrium therewith. Since the compound of formula I has high physiological activity as an active vitamin D3 derivative, the thermal isomerization to the compound of formula I takes place slowly when the isomer of formula II having low physiological activity is administered to a living body, and accordingly, the long-acting pharmacological effect and the reduced side effects, etc. can be expected.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU) is a group of long-persisting and challenging to manage diseases, characterized by recurrent wheals and angioedema induced by definite triggers. In this review, we address recent findings on CIndU pathogenesis, diagnosis as well as its treatment, and we discuss novel potential targets that may lead to the development of more effective therapies for CIndU patients.
RECENT ADVANCES: Meaningful advances in the understanding of its pathogenesis have been reported in the last decades. Novel CIndU-specific patient-reported outcome measures enable a closer and better evaluation of patients. CIndU is a hard-to-treat disease that highly impairs quality of life (QoL) of affected patients. Provocation tests allow to diagnose CIndU subtypes. The only licensed and recommended treatment for CIndU are second generation non-sedating H1-antihistamines, which lack efficacy in many cases. Omalizumab off-label use has been assessed in all types of CIndU with overall good outcomes. Promising emerging therapies currently assessed in chronic spontaneous urticaria are paving the path for novel treatments for CIndU.
The incidence of unintentional arterial puncture during cannulation of femoral vein was high(20-50%). The addition of knee flexion to abcudtion-exorotation position (frog position) have been shown to increase the cross sectional area of femoral vein. The purpose of this study is to compare the distance between femoral artery and vein in frog position, abduction-exorotation position and anatomical position.

This study is an analytical observational study with cross sectional design within one grup with repeated measurement. The distance between artery and vein was measured in three position. The measurement was taken twice for each position. First picture was taken by one operator and one ultrasonography for all patient. Then another operator measured the distances with caliper feature on the ultrasonograph.
The RP2D determined from the Phase Ib study is used as the first-line treatment for HER2-positive advanced or metastatic biliary tract cancer (BTC) patients who have not received prior systemic therapy. The efficacy of IAH0968 in combination with the GC regimen is compared to the efficacy of placebo in combination with the GC regimen based on the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1, using the objective remission rate (ORR) as the evaluation criteria.
Deflating tracheal cuff (total air suction under negative pressure using a syringe) during periods of disconnection from mechanical ventilation in the weaning phase in patients tracheostomized for prolonged weaning or ventilatory support. During ventilatory support the tracheal cuff remain pressurized (30 mmHg).