anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Hypnograms contain a wealth of information and play an important role in sleep medicine. However, interpretation of the hypnogram is a difficult task and requires domain knowledge and "clinical intuition." This study aimed to uncover which features of the hypnogram drive interpretation by physicians. In other words, make explicit which features physicians implicitly look for in hypnograms.
METHODS: Three sleep experts evaluated up to 612 hypnograms, indicating normal or abnormal sleep structure and suspicion of disorders. ElasticNet and convolutional neural network classification models were trained to predict the collected expert evaluations using hypnogram features and stages as input. The models were evaluated using several measures, including accuracy, Cohen's kappa, Matthew's correlation coefficient, and confusion matrices. Finally, model coefficients and visual analytics techniques were used to interpret the models to associate hypnogram features with expert evaluation.
RESULTS: Agreement between models and experts (Kappa between 0.47 and 0.52) is similar to agreement between experts (Kappa between 0.38 and 0.50). Sleep fragmentation, measured by transitions between sleep stages per hour, and sleep stage distribution were identified as important predictors for expert interpretation.
CONCLUSIONS: By comparing hypnograms not solely on an epoch-by-epoch basis, but also on these more specific features that are relevant for the evaluation of experts, performance assessment of (automatic) sleep-staging and surrogate sleep trackers may be improved. In particular, sleep fragmentation is a feature that deserves more attention as it is often not included in the PSG report, and existing (wearable) sleep trackers have shown relatively poor performance in this aspect.
Solid, stable aggregates are formed from pyruvic acid or its salts in combination with a carbohydrate component, preferably maltodextrin. The constituents are present in a weight ratio of from 0.01 to 100 : 1 of pyruvate to carbohydrate. The carbohydrate component which is, in effect, a polyhydroxyaldehyde or polyhydroxyketone may be a sugar such as glucose or lactose, a polysaccharide, such as maltodextrin or a sugar alcohol such as used in anhydrous form, as hydrates or as moist products. The pyruvic acid is preferably used as anhydrous acid, in aqueous, alcoholic or organic solution or it may be generated in-situ as an intermediate, from the reaction of sodium pyruvate with an inorganic acid. The aggregates may be prepared by reacting the carbohydrate component, in the form of a solution, suspension or as a solid substance with a pyruvic acid or pyruvate solution at a temperature from -20 to +20 {C. Subsequent treatment of the mixture of pyruvic acid and carbohydrate produced may involve a liquid phase separation step, a thermal treatment, treatment with ultrasound or microwaves. The product obtained consists of an aggregate of pyruvic acid and carbohydrate aggregates which may be used for increasing endurance and strength in sport, for weight and body fat reduction, in the health sector, as a food supplement additive and as an animal feed.
In patients with hypokalemia or hypomagnesemia, toxicity may occur at concentrations within therapeutic range because potassium or magnesium depletion sensitizes the myocardium to digoxin. Therefore, it is desirable to maintain normal serum potassium and magnesium concentrations in patients being treated with digoxin. Serum potassium levels should be carefully monitored when digoxin is given to patients at high risk of hypokalemia (e.g., those receiving diuretics, corticosteroids, or other drugs that commonly lead to potassium loss; those with gastrointestinal losses through diarrhea, vomiting, or nasogastric suction; or those with potassium-losing endocrinopathies or nephropathies). Digoxin toxicity is also more likely in the presence of hypomagnesemia. Hypomagnesemia is common in most of the same conditions in which hypokalemia appears. Most notably, it is commonly seen in alcoholics and in patients with diabetes mellitus or hypercalcemia. 

Because digoxin’s therapeutic and toxic effects are all largely mediated by intracellular calcium distribution, they are affected by abnormalities in serum calcium levels. Hypercalcemia increases the risk of digoxin toxicity, while digoxin may be therapeutically ineffective in the presence of hypocalcemia.
The disclosure relates to a computer system for managing medical research data. The computer system may include a network interface connecting the computer system a plurality of data providers. The computer system may include a plurality of data adaptors, each data adaptor configured to communicate with one or more of the data providers to obtain data in a respective data format. The computer system may include a data processor configured to control processing resources based on a volume of data obtained from the plurality of data providers. The computer system may include a plurality of data converters executed by the processing resources, each data converter configured to convert the obtained data from a corresponding data adaptor in the respective data format to a common data format including first metadata based on the obtained data. The computer system may include a data repository for storing data in the common data format.
Patient with suspected urolithiasis will receive computed tomography in the radiology department. Computed tomography of abdomen completed in the radiology department at time 0.
Rationale: Definitive guidelines for anticoagulation management during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) are lacking, whereas bleeding complications continue to pose major challenges. Objectives: To describe anticoagulation modalities and bleeding events in adults receiving VV ECMO. Methods: This was an international prospective observational study in 41 centers, from December 2018 to February 2021. Anticoagulation was recorded daily in terms of type, dosage, and monitoring strategy. Bleeding events were reported according to site, severity, and impact on mortality. Measurements and Main Results: The study cohort included 652 patients, and 8,471 days on ECMO were analyzed. Unfractionated heparin was the initial anticoagulant in 77% of patients, and the most frequently used anticoagulant during the ECMO course (6,221 d; 73%). Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) was the most common test for monitoring coagulation (86% of days): the median value was 52 seconds (interquartile range, 39 to 61 s) but dropped by 5.3 seconds after the first bleeding event (95% confidence interval, -7.4 to -3.2; P < 0.01). Bleeding occurred on 1,202 days (16.5%). Overall, 342 patients (52.5%) experienced at least one bleeding event (one episode every 215 h on ECMO), of which 10 (1.6%) were fatal. In a multiple penalized Cox proportional hazard model, higher aPTT was a potentially modifiable risk factor for the first episode of bleeding (for 20-s increase; hazard ratio, 1.07). Conclusions: Anticoagulation during VV ECMO was a dynamic process, with frequent stopping in cases of bleeding and restart according to the clinical picture. Future studies might explore lower aPTT targets to reduce the risk of bleeding.
Rebif® 44 mcg, three times per week (tiw), subcutaneously (s.c.) During the first 4 weeks of the study, subjects underwent a dose titration regimen of 40% of Rebif® 22 mcg or 20% of Rebif® 44 mcg tiw (8.8 mcg per injection) in the first and second week followed by 100% of Rebif® 22 mcg or 50% of Rebif® 44 mcg (22 mcg per injection) in the third and fourth week. After 4 weeks, subjects received 44 mcg injected s.c. tiw.
Patients with acute and chronic aortic disease /survivors and non-survivors were compared. Further subgroup analysis on the characteristics of the aneurysm and patients were performed. The aneurysms (ruptured and dissected) were divided according to the style of the Stanford classification,according to the location of the pathology in aneurysms of the ascending thoracic aorta .the descending thoracic aorta, or the abdominal aorta.The subgroup were divided according to the extent of propagation of the disease (rupture,covered rupture, acute dissection, chronic dissection and ectasia). Rupture was defined by direct visualisation of the discontinuity of the aortic wall by computed tomography, sonography, intraoperative findings or at autopsy with detection of blood in the pleural, pericardial or abdominal cavity. Covert rupture was defined as an intramural haematoma without detection of free blood in the body cavities. Acute dissection was defined when blood separating the layers of the aortic media was newly diagnosed. Chronic dissection was defined as the absence of any visible propagation of a known dissection compared to preexisting examinations. Ectatic aneurysm was defined as a permanent localised dilatation of the aorta with a diameter of at least 50% greater than normal. Documentation of the surgical interventions and autopsy reports was used to confirm the diagnosis. In all patients the investigators collected the history, age of the patients, duration of pain, blood pressure at admission and laboratory parameters (haematocrit, creatinine) and Tenascin C Serum levels after admission to our emergency department immediately. The patients were followed up until hospital discharge and the outcome (survived/died) was recorded.
FIELD: organic chemistry, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the use of tricyclic derivatives 1,4-dihydro-1,4-dioxo-1H-naphthalene and its novel compounds of the general formula (I)   where A means sulfur, oxygen atom or radical R 3 N where R 3  means hydrogen atom, C 1 -C 5 -alkyl; R 1  means C 1 -C 5 -alkyl or unsubstituted phenyl ring or phenyl ring substituted with a single or some groups taken among methyl, methoxy-group, fluorine, chlorine atom or 5-6-membered heteroaromatic ring having one or some heteroatoms taken among oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen atom that can be unsubstituted or substituted with the group taken among chlorine, bromine atom, nitro-group, amino-group, acetamido-group, acetoxymethyl-group, methyl, phenyl; R 2  means hydrogen, halogen atom, C 1 -C 5 -alkyl, hydroxy-group, methoxy-group and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. Invention relates to also a pharmaceutical composition showing anti-inflammatory effect and containing compound of the formula (I) as an active substance and pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Invention relates to also derivatives of substituted naphthalenes as intermediate compounds. The proposed tricyclic derivatives of 1,4-dihydro-1,4-dioxo-1H-naphthalene and its novel compounds can be used as drugs for treatment of patients with diseases associated with impairment of venous function and/or inflammatory edemas. EFFECT: new compounds indicated above, valuable medicinal properties. 7 cl, 3 tbl
The optimal management of LRR breast cancer is multidisciplinary, and based on various prognostic risk factors and previous treatments. The surgical treatment of local recurrences is salvage mastectomy after previous breast-conserving therapy, or local excision after previous mastectomy. Regional treatment of tumor-positive lymph nodes consists of axillary radiotherapy and/or lymph node dissection. High-risk LRR patients have an indication for postoperative irradiation to improve locoregional control and disease-free survival. In previously irradiated high-risk LRR patients, postoperative re-irradiation is administered with or without hyperthermia in the Netherlands depending on the treating center and treating professional. Before the preoperative systemic treatment era, primary re-irradiation with hyperthermia was the evidence-based standard of care in high-risk unresectable LRR. Hyperthermia was used to increase the therapeutic efficacy of re-irradiation. The introduction of preoperative systemic therapy in 2010 resulted in more resectable high-risk LRRs. This resulted in postoperative re-irradiation instead of primary re-irradiation in LRR patients, including variation in the use of hyperthermia. There is no evidence-based standard of care regarding the combination of postoperative re-irradiation with or without hyperthermia in high-risk LRR patients. The major problem is that only retrospective data and no prospective (randomized) data is available on oncological outcomes (survival and recurrence) and toxicity following postoperative re-irradiation and hyperthermia. Consequently, there is a high need to assess oncological outcomes and toxicity of postoperative re-irradiation with or without hyperthermia in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). So far, an RCT has not been feasible due to the large variation in postoperative re-irradiation and hyperthermia, and preferences regarding hyperthermia-treatment by professionals. In the RT-HYPE study, the investigators evaluate oncological outcomes, toxicity and quality of life in high-risk LRR patients, including the harmonization of hyperthermia-treatment. The results of the RT-HYPE study are needed for the optimization of the shared decision making (SDM) process on post-operative re-irradiation with or without hyperthermia, between professionals and patients. In addition, these results allow to set-up a future RCT comparing postoperative re-irradiation with and without hyperthermia treatment.
General

In patients with type 2 diabetes, administration of JANUVIA led to inhibition of DPP-4 enzyme activity for a 24-hour period. After an oral glucose load or a meal, this DPP-4 inhibition resulted in a 2- to 3-fold increase in circulating levels of active GLP-1 and GIP, decreased glucagon concentrations, and increased responsiveness of insulin release to glucose, resulting in higher C-peptide and insulin concentrations. The rise in insulin with the decrease in glucagon was associated with lower fasting glucose concentrations and reduced glucose excursion following an oral glucose load or a meal.

In a two-day study in healthy subjects, sitagliptin alone increased active GLP-1 concentrations, whereas metformin alone increased active and total GLP-1 concentrations to similar extents. Co-administration of sitagliptin and metformin had an additive effect on active GLP-1 concentrations. Sitagliptin, but not metformin, increased active GIP concentrations. It is unclear how these findings relate to changes in glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

In studies with healthy subjects, JANUVIA did not lower blood glucose or cause hypoglycemia.

Cardiac Electrophysiology

In a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study, 79 healthy subjects were administered a single oral dose of JANUVIA 100 mg, JANUVIA 800 mg (8 times the recommended dose), and placebo. At the recommended dose of 100 mg, there was no effect on the QTc interval obtained at the peak plasma concentration, or at any other time during the study. Following the 800 mg dose, the maximum increase in the placebo-corrected mean change in QTc from baseline was observed at 3 hours postdose and was 8.0 msec. This increase is not considered to be clinically significant. At the 800 mg dose, peak sitagliptin plasma concentrations were approximately 11 times higher than the peak concentrations following a 100 mg dose. 

In patients with type 2 diabetes administered JANUVIA 100 mg (N=81) or JANUVIA 200 mg (N=63) daily, there were no meaningful changes in QTc interval based on ECG data obtained at the time of expected peak plasma concentration.
Insertion of an intrauterine device (IUD) immediately after delivery is appealing for several reasons. The woman is known not to be pregnant, her motivation for contraception may be high, and the setting may be convenient for both the woman and her provider The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that a woman should wait at least 24 months after delivery before the next pregnancy to decrease the adverse maternal, perinatal ,and infant outcomes.

Compared with other contraceptive methods, early post-partum IUD insertion has several advantages. It provides immediate contraception without interfering with breast feeding, and it may avoid discomfort related to insertion. Inserting an IUD immediately after placental removal has not been associated with increased infection, uterine perforation, postpartum bleeding, or uterine subinvolution . The expulsion rate is higher (approximately 12% in the first postpartum year) after immediate postpartum insertion compared to insertion 4 to 8 weeks later. Continuation rates are relatively high (87.6% and 76.3%, at 6 and 12 months, respectively Studies have shown that with effective provider training, the immediate postpartum IUD insertion (IPPIUD) complications such as expulsion, pelvic infection, bleeding, pain, missing threads ,and failure rates are not significantly different from those of interval PPIUD insertion (4:6 weeks) after delivery
Xenotransplantation could be an inexhaustible source of organs and change the life of end-stage kidney disease patients with reduction of morbidity and mortality. Through genetic engineering it is now possible to reduce the risk of hyperacute and acute graft rejection and improve the overall immune compatibility between two different species. Some experiments have already brought promising perspectives. Nevertheless, there are still difficulties to overcome. The risk of animal-related infectious diseases, ethnic limitations, safety, and applicability of large-scale xenotransplantation should be assessed. We still need to improve the technical aspects and define the purpose of these procedures: definitive replacement or temporary solution?
PURPOSE: A novel bacteriophage is provided to prevent or treat infectious diseases by Samonella gallinarum and Salmonella pullorum. CONSTITUTION: A novel bacteriophage has specific ability of killing Salmonella Gallinarum and Salmonella Pullorum. The novel bacteriophage belong to siphoviridae having lone non-contractile tail morphotype B1. The deposit number of bacteriophage is KCCM 10976P. The bacteriophage comprises a nucleic acid of sequence numbers 1-3. The bacteriophage has acid resistance and thermal resistance at pH 2.5-pH 9.0 and 37°C-60°C. A composition for preventing or treating infectious diseases by Salmonella Gallinarum and Salmonella Pullorum contains the bacteriophage as an active ingredient.
Study Aims: The primary aims of this study are: (1) To determine the efficacy of the GIFT intervention for women veterans with MST-related PTSD. (2) To determine the effects of GIFT on mental health and health services utilization, and neurobiological outcomes. (3) To identify predictors of GIFT treatment outcomes.

Research Plan: We will conduct a 12-week randomized, controlled trial of GIFT in 38 women veterans with MST-related PTSD. Half will be randomly assigned to GIFT and half to a music control group. GIFT includes a pretreatment orientation and midpoint consultation session with a clinician facilitator, a guided imagery audio, daily self-monitoring of audio use, and weekly telephone coaching calls with the facilitator. The music control condition is designed to control for all nonspecific aspects of GIFT and matches the GIFT protocol in all ways but the two specific "ingredients" through which GIFT is hypothesized to have its effect: (1) the guided imagery audio, and (2) the facilitator's help in structuring and focusing use of the guided imagery audio. Thus, the key differences between the two groups are that controls will receive an audio of the relaxing background music used on the guided imagery audio, but not the guided imagery exercises, and controls' contacts with the facilitator is limited to psychoeducational information and general support, and will not include help in structuring and focusing use of the audio, which is a key component of GIFT.
OBJECTIVES: The mechanism of cefoperazone/sulbactam-induced epilepsy in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is not yet clear. We hypothesized that cefoperazone/sulbactam-induced epilepsy could be based on two main factors: neurotoxicity caused by drug accumulation after renal failure and an abnormal gut microbiota (GM).
METHODS: A chronic renal failure (CRF) model in mice was established, and then different doses of cefoperazone/sulbactam were injected to induce epilepsy in mice. Normal mouse feces for fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) were collected. We observed the changes in feces, mental state, and activity of each group of mice. After killing, we collected kidneys and colon for H&E staining. We collected mouse feces for the 16S RNA sequencing of bacteria.
RESULTS: All CRF mice injected with different concentrations of cefoperazone/sulbactam experienced grade-V seizures and eventually died, whereas normal control mice did not. However, after FMT intervention, the time of epilepsy onset and death in mice was delayed. Early FMT intervention resulted in more mice surviving (p = .0359). Moreover, the villi in the mucosal of group-CS layer fell off, goblet cells missed, and crypts disappeared. The mucosal layer and submucosa were clearly separated. The morphology of intestinal tissue of the CFS and FS group was improved. After FMT, the changes of the GM were observed.
CONCLUSIONS: The GM may be involved in the epilepsy induced by cefoperazone/sulbactam in CRF mice. FMT can delay the onset of epilepsy in CRF mice induced by cefoperazone/sulbactam, and the earlier the intervention, the better the effect.
PURPOSE: To promote the adhesiveness of fibroblast and the activation of cell propagation and to prevent the cancelation of the cells with the succedaneous skin to be used for covering the exfoliated wound surface of the human skin by burn or trauma. CONSTITUTION: This succedaneous skin is prepd. by using a cuttlefish chitin sheet as a base and depositing fish skin collagen consisting of salmon skin, etc., as a laminating agent thereon. As a result, the softness of the cuttlefish chitin and the characteristic to create the environment storing relating to the protection to accelerate the production of lysozyme are effectively utilized. The effective use of marine product waste is made possible by utilizing the fish skin collagen. In addition, the adhesiveness of the fibroblast not obtainalbe with the cuttlefish collagen alone is improved by lamination of the fish skin collagen and further, the normal cell propagation curve free from the delay in rising after the adhesion not obtainable with the lamination of the bovine skin collagen is obtd.  The measured value of a DNA leveling index which is equivalent to that of the fibroblast of the normal human skin is obtd.
An on-body sensor system (30) comprises at least two skin interface units (32, 34) for coupling signals into and out of the body, with one of the units being for placement at a known location. One unit applies electrical signals to the body and the other senses them at a remote location. By analyzing the sensed signals using a set of pre-determined body-transmission parameters, a position of one of the skin interface units can be determined. This allows accurate placement of one or the units, for instance to allow more accurate monitoring of physiological parameters using the unit. The body transmission parameters can change over time, whereas once the interface units are put in position, their position is stable. Hence the system also includes functionality to re-calibrate the transmission parameters using at least one known stable set of initial positions of the interface units. The re-calibration comprises a process of re-calculating the parameters based on the known positions. These can then be stored and used for future determinations of the position of the one of the skin interface units having a moveable location, for instance in the case that it is re-positioned or replaced.