anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Over half of all deaths, and many illnesses, can be attributed to four modifiable risk factors: tobacco use, overweight/obesity, physical inactivity, and alcohol use. There are clear links between these modifiable factors and heart disease, cancer, chronic lung disease, and stroke which continue to be the leading causes of death in the United States. Significant improvements have been made in controlling conditions that lead to heart disease, cancer and stroke (e.g., hypertension and hyperlipidemia). However, the underlying behavioral factors (e.g., obesity, tobacco use, and physical inactivity) have not been addressed as well. Prevention is particularly important for Veterans because of the high prevalence of significant risk factors for poor health. For example, more than 70% of Veterans Health Administration (VHA) patients are overweight (body mass index \[BMI\] 25kg/m2) and one-third are obese (BMI 30kg/m2), which is significantly higher than the US population. Smoking also remains a significant problem among Veterans, with VHA enrollment data from 2010 indicating a prevalence of 20%. Younger Veterans are at particularly high risk for developing chronic illnesses because they are more likely to be overweight/obese and smoke more heavily than non-Veterans.

The investigators propose a two-site, two-arm randomized trial measuring the effectiveness of a Shared Decision Making (SDM) intervention in activating Veterans to enroll in effective prevention services, and improve cardiovascular risk, compared to Veterans Administration (VA) usual care. The study will be performed at the Durham and Ann Arbor Veterans Administration Medical Centers (VAMCs). Each arm will have 225 patients; patients will be VA users with at least one modifiable risk factor (obese, inactive, or tobacco user) who are not currently enrolled in a prevention service. The SDM intervention will be conducted by a prevention coach, telephone based, and will use the output from VHA's Healthy Living Assessment (HLA) to engage Veterans in a conversation where individual preferences are matched to behaviors, and choices for specific prevention services. The resulting prevention action plan will be shared with the Veterans primary care team, and documented in the medical record.

Outcomes will be obtained at baseline, 1 month and 6 months after enrollment by blinded research personnel. The primary outcomes will be: 1) proportion enrolled in effective prevention services; and 2) change in the Patient Activation Measure (PAM). The secondary outcome is 10-year risk of coronary events, as measured by Framingham Risk Score (FRS). Process evaluations of the intervention and its implementation will also be conducted to inform future dissemination and implementation should it prove effective.
A composition comprising rose hip flesh or rose hips including the naturally occurring amount of seeds, or a concentrate hereof, the composition being enriched with rose hip seeds for reducing and/or alleviating symptoms of inflammatory diseases, especially joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, reactive or osteo-arthritis or other arthritides is disclosed. A method of preparing the rose hip seeds product comprises separating the rose hip seeds from the flesh and other matter either prior to or after drying. Drying of the rose hip seeds is preferably performed below 50 °C following which the rose hip seeds are grinded into a powder. The Rose hip seeds composition may be mixed with a rose hip composition, a concentrate or an extract containing rose hip shells or Rose hips including their naturally occurring amount of seeds to provide a product enriched with Rose hips seeds. It is preferred that the Rose hip composition contains at least 50%, e.g. up to 85%, (by weight) of rose hip seeds. The composition is useful in the prophylaxis, treatment or alleviation of symptoms related to inflammatory diseases, in particular joint diseases, such as arthtitis, rheumatoid arthritis and/or osteo arthritis.
The following adverse reactions associated with the use of oral formulations of levocarnitine were identified in clinical trials or postmarketing reports. Because these reactions were reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to estimate their frequency, reliability, or to establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Gastrointestinal Reactions: Various mild gastrointestinal complaints have been reported during the long-term administration of oral L- or D,L-carnitine; these include transient nausea and vomiting, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea Gastrointestinal adverse reactions with levocarnitine oral solution dissolved in liquids might be avoided by a slow consumption of the solution or by a greater dilution. Decreasing the dosage often diminishes or eliminates drug-related patient body odor or gastrointestinal symptoms when present. Tolerance should be monitored very closely during the first week of administration, and after any dosage increases.

Musculoskeletal Reactions: Mild myasthenia has been described only in uremic patients receiving D,L-carnitine.

Neurologic Reactions: Seizures have been reported to occur in patients with or without pre-existing seizure activity receiving either oral or intravenous levocarnitine. In patients with pre-existing seizure activity, an increase in seizure frequency and/or severity has been reported.

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Rash, urticaria, and facial edema have been reported with oral levocarnitine (see WARNINGS).
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common after stroke and, left untreated, is associated with recurrent vascular events, poor functional outcomes, and long-term mortality. Despite its high prevalence, OSA often remains underdiagnosed after stroke. While in-laboratory polysomnography studies are the gold standard for diagnosing OSA, their use is limited by the lack of availability, patient unwillingness to sleep overnight at a laboratory and high costs. Home-based PSMs can accurately diagnose OSA and are much more accessible, convenient and low-priced compared to in-laboratory sleep studies.

The primary purpose of this study is to determine whether broad screening for OSA using PSMs, as compared to usual care, increases the proportion of patients diagnosed with treatable OSA after stroke or TIA. Secondary aims include whether screening with PSMs increases the proportion of patients treated for OSA with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and whether functional outcomes and sleep-related outcomes are improved. Finally, the study will also determine whether this approach is cost-effective.
Currently, the role of DNA methylation in the immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal gammopathy disease spectrum remains poorly understood. In the present study, a multiomics prospective analysis was conducted integrating DNA methylation, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and whole-exome sequencing data in 34 subjects (23 with Waldenström macroglobulinemia [WM], 6 with IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance [MGUS], and 5 normal controls). Analysis was focused on defining differences between IgM gammopathies (WM/IgM-MGUS) compared with controls, and specifically between WM and IgM-MGUS. Between groups, genome-wide DNA methylation analysis demonstrated a significant number of differentially methylated regions that were annotated according to genomic region. Next, integration of RNA-seq data was performed to identify potentially epigenetically deregulated pathways. We found that pathways involved in cell cycle, metabolism, cytokine/immune signaling, cytoskeleton, tumor microenvironment, and intracellular signaling were differentially activated and potentially epigenetically regulated. Importantly, there was a positive enrichment of the CXCR4 signaling pathway along with several interleukin (interleukin 6 [IL-6], IL-8, and IL-15) signaling pathways in WM compared with IgM-MGUS. Further assessment of known tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes uncovered differential promoter methylation of several targets with concordant change in gene expression, including CCND1 and CD79B. Overall, this report defines how aberrant DNA methylation in IgM gammopathies may play a critical role in the epigenetic control of oncogenesis and key cellular functions.
Combination therapy with glimepiride tablets USP and insulin may also be used in secondary failure patients. The fasting glucose level for instituting combination therapy is in the range of > 150 mg/dL in plasma or serum depending on the patient. The recommended glimepiride tablet USP dose is 8 mg once daily administered with the first main meal. After starting with low-dose insulin, upward adjustments of insulin can be done approximately weekly as guided by frequent measurements of fasting blood glucose. Once stable, combination-therapy patients should monitor their capillary blood glucose on an ongoing basis, preferably daily. Periodic adjustments of insulin may also be necessary during maintenance as guided by glucose and HbA1c levels.
It will consist of performing the Treadmill training progression for 36-72 sessions. 3 sessions of 60 minutes, will be held weekly.
Every participant in the OSE stage will receive study drug and no participant will receive placebo. Participants will receive RO7303509 as SC injection at the same dose as that administered during the MAD stage, one time per month for up to a year.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between gender differences in plasma lipoprotein phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) levels and the risk of recurrent stroke in patients with acute ischaemic stroke in China.
METHODS: We conducted a prospective follow-up study that included baselineLp-PLA2 levels and NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores in patients with ischaemic stroke upon admission. The diagnostic efficacy of the baseline Lp-PLA2 level for stroke recurrence was evaluated. And Kaplan‒Meier method was used to analyse the difference in the risk of recurrent stroke between these two groups among males and females. A paired t test was used to analyse the difference in Lp-PLA2 levels in male and female patients after follow-up.
RESULTS: Baseline plasma Lp-PLA2 was higher in men and women with recurrent stroke than in those without recurrent stroke. The correlation between baseline Lp-PLA2 and neurological impairment was higher in female than male stroke patients (R = 0.338 and 0.253, respectively). Although weakly correlated with neurological impairment, baseline Lp-PLA2 was more effective in predicting recurrent stroke (AUC = 0.705 in men, 0.788 in women). A Cox model was used to compare the risk of stroke between the high- and low-Lp-PLA2 groups (OR = 3.98 in men, 2.61 in women). According to the follow-up time of 6 months as the node, Lp-PLA2 will give different risk indicators.
CONCLUSION: Elevated plasma Lp-PLA2 is an independent risk factor for recurrent ischaemic stroke but is not strongly associated with the degree of cerebral damage. The predictive value of baseline Lp-PLA2 for stroke recurrence risk was higher in females than in males.
### Teratogenic Effects

#### Pregnancy category B 

Glimepiride did not produce teratogenic effects in rats exposed orally up to 4000 mg/kg body weight (approximately 4,000 times the maximum recommended human dose based on surface area) or in rabbits exposed up to 32 mg/kg body weight (approximately 60 times the maximum recommended human dose based on surface area). Glimepiride has been shown to be associated with intrauterine fetal death in rats when given in doses as low as 50 times the human dose based on surface area and in rabbits when given in doses as low as 0.1 times the human dose based on surface area. This fetotoxicity, observed only at doses inducing maternal hypoglycemia, has been similarly noted with other sulfonylureas, and is believed to be directly related to the pharmacologic (hypoglycemic) action of glimepiride.

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. On the basis of results from animal studies, glimepiride tablets should not be used during pregnancy. Because recent information suggests that abnormal blood glucose levels during pregnancy are associated with a higher incidence of congenital abnormalities, many experts recommend that insulin be used during pregnancy to maintain glucose levels as close to normal as possible.

### Nonteratogenic Effects

In some studies in rats, offspring of dams exposed to high levels of glimepiride during pregnancy and lactation developed skeletal deformities consisting of shortening, thickening, and bending of the humerus during the postnatal period. Significant concentrations of glimepiride were observed in the serum and breast milk of the dams as well as in the serum of the pups. These skeletal deformations were determined to be the result of nursing from mothers exposed to glimepiride.

Prolonged severe hypoglycemia (4 to 10 days) has been reported in neonates born to mothers who were receiving a sulfonylurea drug at the time of delivery. This has been reported more frequently with the use of agents with prolonged half-lives. Patients who are planning a pregnancy should consult their physician, and it is recommended that they change over to insulin for the entire course of pregnancy and lactation.
Participants are divided into groups called cohorts. There will be approximately 12 cohorts, each consisting of 7 participants. In each cohort 5 out of 7 participants will be assigned a specified concentration of SHP639 (0.1%, 0.3%, or 0.6%) ophthalmic solution and a specific dosing schedule (the study participants will be instructed to insill the study drug one, two, three, or four times a day) in both eyes during the study.
This study aims to investigate the impact of semaglutide on the expression of liver cancer proteins in obese mice induced by a high-fat diet. Sixteen obese mice were randomly divided into two groups: the high-fat diet group and the semaglutide group, each consisting of eight mice. Additionally, eight normal male mice were included as the control group. Serum samples were collected, and a differential expression analysis of total proteins in adipose tissue was performed using quantitative tandem mass spectrometry (TMT) in combination with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Significant differential proteins were identified and subjected to a bioinformatics analysis. The findings revealed that these differential proteins, namely, integrin αV (ITGAV), laminin γ1 (LAMC1), fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL), regulate the occurrence and development of liver cancer by participating in the extracellular matrix (ECM) signaling pathway and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway. Notably, semaglutide can decelerate the progression of liver cancer by inducing the expression of ITGAV, LAMC1, FABP5, and LPL in the adipose tissue of obese mice.
The intervention will be carried out by primary care nurses over eight visits: baseline visit and follow-up visits which take place 15 days, 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months after baseline with a final visit evaluation at 18 months. The intervention will be based on the social prescription of health assets related to the practice of physical activity and a healthy eating pattern to modify lifestyles in people with prediabetes. The content of the intervention proposed is based on the NHS and it will be carried out at three levels (individual, group and community) to facilitate the patient empowerment and promotion of healthy lifestyles with a positive orientation using the community resources.
Disclosed are systems and methods for a pill dispenser system. The dispenser system includes a dispenser software application that manages the administration of pills to a patient. The pills can be stored in multiple compartments of a hopper. The hopper includes openings in the bottom of each compartment. A disc below the hopper has openings that correspond to the hopper openings, but are offset, keeping the pills in each compartment. The hopper and the disc move together to index a compartment above a dispensing cup. The hopper moves in the opposite direction, without the disc, creating a dispensing aperture, where a pill is dropped onto an elevator. The elevator lowers the pill and drops it into a dispensing cup.
The invention belongs to the medicine field and particularly relates to isatis root puffed granules and a preparation method thereof. The technology problem solved by the invention is to provide ball-like isatis root puffed granules with smooth and compact appearances and good fluidity. The extraction or decocting technology can be performed according to a present method during the granulating process. The main difference between the method in the invention and the present method is making the granules into a state of compression with the bulk density more than 0.78g/cm3. In the process of drying the granules, the moisture in the granules is controlled at 4-5 percent, then the granules are heated at high temperature to become puffed and the finished products of the granules are obtained by drying the puffed granules. The preparation method of the invention can form ball-shaped or ball-like granules with smooth surfaces and compact textures, and the interiors of the granules have a phenomenon of cavitation expansion which enables the granules to have good shape and non-easily-broken property. An angle of repose of granules is between 10 DEG to 25 DEG. The granules prepared by the method have characteristics that the granules have good fluidity, do not easily absorb moisture and require less auxiliary material. Besides, the paste material is hard to appear when the granules are mixed with water, so that the mixing is very easy. The isatis root puffed granules of the invention can be used as a raw material for preparing tablets and capsules according to the ordinary technologies of compressing tablets and stuffing capsules.
The objective of the proposed project is to examine the feasibility and acceptability of the Rebuilding Bridges intervention, which was designed to help homeless Veterans plan and implement steps to engage friends, family and other loved ones in their lives. The PI and his team will enroll approximately 25-30 Veterans. Veterans will be recruited via provider referral and via advertisements that will be placed in general clinical areas and desks at the Errera Center. The PI will work with the Veterans to create a detailed genogram of family, friends and other supporters in the Veteran's life. This will be followed by a meeting with each Veteran over the course of three 30-minute weekly sessions to help the Veteran identify and engage people listed in their genogram which the Veteran might want to form stronger relationships with. Veterans will also be asked to complete several measures and questionnaires such as housing information, employment, mental health and quality of life.
As a fruit tree with great economic value, apple is widely cultivated in China. However, apple leaf spot disease causes significant damage to apple quality and economic value. In our study, we found that MdMYB6-like is a transcription factor without auto-activation activity and with three alternative spliced variants. Among them, MdMYB6-like-β responded positively to the pathogen infection. Overexpression of MdMYB6-like-β increased the lignin content of leaves and improved the pathogenic resistance of apple flesh callus. In addition, all three alternative spliced variants of MdMYB6-like could bind to the promoter of MdBGLU H. Therefore, we believe that MdMYB6-like plays an important role in the infection process of the pathogen and lays a solid foundation for breeding disease-resistant cultivars of apple in the future.
The experimental group will receive an electronic intervention (Foot Health Promotion Program, FHPP) for 8 weeks consisting of foot self-care guidance (skin and nail self-care), foot exercises, foot stretching and professional footwear guidance. Each topic includes lectures (delivered via Adobe Presenter) and self-directed learning where participant will go through a list of links to websites and watch videos about foot self-care. In addition, the learning will be evaluated using four individual tasks related to foot self-care.
A pharmaceutical composition containing sibutramine free base as an active ingredient is provided to improve a dissolution rate of the water-insoluble sibutramine free base and lower contents of surfactant. A pharmaceutical composition comprises sibutramine free base, acidifier, solubilizing agent, surfactant and pharmaceutically allowable excipient. The acidifier represents anhydrous citric acid, tartaric acid, Japanese apricot acid or phytic acid. The solubilizing agent is diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, polyoxylethylene laurylether of their mixture. The surfactant is lauroyl macrogol glyceride, polyoxylethylene laurylether or polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene copolymer. The mixing ratio of sibutramine free base, acidifier, solubilizing agent and surfactant is 1 : 0.5-5 : 0.1-1 :0.1-2.
Topotecan hydrochloride for injection was studied in 426 patients with recurrent or progressive small cell lung cancer in 1 randomized, comparative trial and in 3 single-arm trials. 

Randomized Comparative Trial: In a randomized, comparative, Phase 3 trial, 107 patients were treated with topotecan hydrochloride for injection (1.5 mg/m2/day × 5 days starting on day 1 of a 21-day course) and 104 patients were treated with CAV (1,000 mg/m2 cyclophosphamide, 45 mg/m2 doxorubicin, 2 mg vincristine administered sequentially on day 1 of a 21-day course). All patients were considered sensitive to first-line chemotherapy (responders who then subsequently progressed ≥60 days after completion of first-line therapy). A total of 77% of patients treated with topotecan hydrochloride for injection and 79% of patients treated with CAV received platinum/etoposide with or without other agents as first-line chemotherapy. Response rates, response duration, time to progression, and survival are shown in Table 6.

Table 6. Efficacy of Topotecan Hydrochloride For Injection Versus CAV (cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-vincristine)in Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Sensitive to First-Line Chemotherapy

a The calculation for duration of response was based on the interval between first response and time to progression. 

The time to response was similar in both arms: topotecan hydrochloride for injection median of 6 weeks (range 2.4 to 15.7) versus CAV median 6 weeks (range 5.1 to 18.1). 

Changes on a disease-related symptom scale in patients who received topotecan hydrochloride for injection or who received CAV are presented in Table 7. It should be noted that not all patients had all symptoms, nor did all patients respond to all questions. Each symptom was rated on a 4-category scale with an improvement defined as a change in 1 category from baseline sustained over 2 courses. Limitations in interpretation of the rating scale and responses preclude formal statistical analysis. 

Table 7. Percentage of Patients With Symptom Improvementa: Topotecan Hydrochloride For Injection Versus CAVin Patients With Small Cell Lung Cancer

a Defined as improvement sustained over at least 2 courses compared with baseline. 

b Number of patients with baseline and at least 1 post-baseline assessment. 

Single-Arm Trials:Topotecan hydrochloride for injection was also studied in 3 open-label, non-comparative trials in a total of 319 patients with recurrent or progressive small cell lung cancer after treatment with first-line chemotherapy. In all 3 trials, patients were stratified as either sensitive (responders who then subsequently progressed ≥90 days after completion of first-line therapy) or refractory (no response to first-line chemotherapy or who responded to first-line therapy and then progressed within 90 days of completing first-line therapy). Response rates ranged from 11% to 31% for sensitive patients and 2% to 7% for refractory patients. Median time to progression and median survival were similar in all 3 studies and the comparative trial.