anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: Kidney failure manifests in various forms, from sudden occurrences such as Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) to progressive like Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Given its intricate nature, marked by overlapping comorbidities and clinical similarities-including treatment modalities like dialysis-we sought to design and validate an end-to-end framework for clustering kidney failure subtypes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our emphasis was on dialysis, utilizing a comprehensive dataset from the UK Biobank (UKB). We transformed raw Electronic Health Record (EHR) data into standardized matrices that incorporate patient demographics, clinical visit data, and the innovative feature of visit time-gaps. This matrix structure was achieved using a unique data cutting method. Latent space transformation was facilitated using a convolution autoencoder (ConvAE) model, which was then subjected to clustering using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K-means algorithms.
RESULTS: Our transformation model effectively reduced data dimensionality, thereby accelerating computational processes. The derived latent space demonstrated remarkable clustering capacities. Through cluster analysis, two distinct groups were identified: CKD-majority (cluster 1) and a mixed group of non-CKD and some CKD subtypes (cluster 0). Cluster 1 exhibited notably low survival probability, suggesting it predominantly represented severe CKD. In contrast, cluster 0, with substantially higher survival probability, likely to include milder CKD forms and severe AKI. Our end-to-end framework effectively differentiates kidney failure subtypes using the UKB dataset, offering potential for nuanced therapeutic interventions.
CONCLUSIONS: This innovative approach integrates diverse data sources, providing a holistic understanding of kidney failure, which is imperative for patient management and targeted therapeutic interventions.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been defined as the greatest global health and socioeconomic crisis of modern times. While most people recover after being infected with the virus, a significant proportion of them continue to experience health issues weeks, months and even years after acute infection with SARS-CoV-2. This persistence of clinical symptoms in infected individuals for at least three months after the onset of the disease or the emergence of new symptoms lasting more than two months, without any other explanation and alternative diagnosis have been named long COVID, long-haul COVID, post-COVID-19 conditions, chronic COVID, or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC). Long COVID has been characterized as a constellation of symptoms and disorders that vary widely in their manifestations. Further, the mechanisms underlying long COVID are not fully understood, which hamper efficient treatment options. This review describes predictors and the most common symptoms related to long COVID's effects on the central and peripheral nervous system and other organs and tissues. Furthermore, the transcriptional markers, molecular signaling pathways and risk factors for long COVID, such as sex, age, pre-existing condition, hospitalization during acute phase of COVID-19, vaccination, and lifestyle are presented. Finally, recommendations for patient rehabilitation and disease management, as well as alternative therapeutical approaches to long COVID sequelae are discussed. Understanding the complexity of this disease, its symptoms across multiple organ systems and overlapping pathologies and its possible mechanisms are paramount in developing diagnostic tools and treatments.
Subjects receive gemcitabine/cisplatin every 21 days, repeated for 4 cycles. . Toripalimab is given every 21 days for 4 doses starting C1D1. Subjects will then have consolidative surgery to remove their primary tumor within 6 weeks after their last dose of neoadjuvant therapy.
Subclavian artery injury during central venous line placement is a potentially life-threatening complication. Due to historically high mortality rates with attempted manual pressure for haemostasis, the current favoured method of repair is by open or endovascular means. This case describes the management of a central venous catheter placed through the internal jugular vein into the subclavian artery via a supraclavicular puncture. CT angiography revealed the arterial injury located 1 cm distal to the vertebral artery origin. Under fluoroscopic guidance in an endovascular hybrid theatre, a covered stent was deployed across the affected segment of the subclavian artery which resulted in occlusion of the vertebral artery origin to attain safe proximal seal. This was done during simultaneous removal of the catheter and manual pressure over the internal jugular vein. There were no complications and the patient recovered well post-procedure. This case highlights the importance of appropriate ultrasound techniques for central catheter insertion for precise visualisation to prevent inadvertent injury to distal structures. CT angiography is useful in planning endovascular management. Occlusion of the vertebral artery in this case did not result in any neurological complications.
Participants receive obinutuzumab IV on days 1 and 2 of cycle 1 for a total of 2 doses. Participants receive glofitamab IV on days 8 and 15 of cycle 1 and day 1 of remaining cycles. Cycles repeat every 21 days for up to 12 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Participants receive pirtobrutinib PO once a day (QD) on days 1-21. Treatment repeats every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Participants also undergo FDG-PET/CT at screening, after every 4 cycles through cycle 13 and then after every 6 cycles. Participants will undergo a bone marrow biopsy and aspiration at cycle 13 and blood sample collection throughout study and a tissue biopsy at relapse or progression.
An analysis collaboration platform (ACP) that provides for the connection and management of one or more analysis services with input data and sources of data. The analysis service(s) may be an Artificial Intelligence (AI) service that receives input data, processes the input data, and provides results to a data store or an end-user. In a user- driven process, the ACP receives a request and provides input data to the analysis service. Analysis results are received in a results mode. In a data-driven process, the ACP operates to provide data directly to the analysis service(s), without user participation. In a training mode, the input data is training data, and the training data is generated by the end-user of the service application. The training data may also be incremental training data generated from the analysis results received by the end-user service application.
PURPOSE:The titled composition that is obtained by adding a specific amine and a pH controller, thus making hair softer than conventional cationic surfactant, permitting better combing with improved antistatic properties and less irritation. CONSTITUTION:The titled composition is obtained by adding an amine of the formula (R is 12-22C alkyl, alkenyl) and a pH controller for adjusting the pH of the composition to 4-7. The pH controller is preferably an organic acid such as citric acid, glycine or aspartic acid. The weight ratio of the amine to the pH controller is preferably 1:(0.05-1). The resultant composition is made into a preparation by dissolving or dispersing it in a solvent such as water. The composition makes hair softer, lustered and protects the hair more than the conventional cationic surfactant. Further, it does not cause irritation, even when used as a hair-dressing agent containing alcohol after rinsing.
Participants undergo individual at home sessions of 45-minute video-replay of popular TV series while recording their 1-channel EEG using a portable system. Self-regulation of alpha rhythm is reflected in the dynamically varying opacity of the video replay window, i.e. the window would turn lighter/darker and reveal/obscure video content during episodes of low/high alpha amplitude, respectively.
Subjects will receive single doses of VNRX-7145 or VNRX-5024 alone and in combination. All subjects will receive study drug in the sequence specified by the randomization schedule.
TFV/LNG IVR is an intravaginal ring 55.0 mm in diameter, consisting of two segments of polyurethane tubing with an outer diameter of 5.5 mm: a longer segment containing white TFV paste and a shorter one (20 mm) with a white LNG core. Used for one month, the IVR delivers 8-10 mg/day TFV and 20 μg/day LNG.
FIELD: medicine; stomatology. SUBSTANCE: method combines laser irradiation actuating the protein matrix of teeth hard tissues, exchange and diffusion processes with simultaneous application of fluorine-containing compound to teeth. Method facilitates penetration of fluorine ions into tooth enamel. Laser irradiation is performed by infrared laser at power of 0.1-100 mW for 3-10 min. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of caries prophylaxis. 2 cl, 1 tbl, 1 ex
Recombinant DNA which codes for a protein with the domains G, K1 and L of t-PA, in which the sequences coding for the domains K2 and F of the wild type t-PA gene or the sequences derived therefrom in the context of the genetic code are completely deleted in accordance with the exact exon/intron limits on the t-PA gene. Process for preparing said recombinant DNA. Vectors which contain said recombinant DNA as well as cells which are transformed with said vectors or said recombinant DNA. Protein with fibrinolytic properties by expression of a DNA sequence according to the invention in suitable host cells, which is composed of the amino acid sequences of the domains G, K1 and L of t-PA in this sequence and is possibly glycosylized. Process for preparing it. Fibrinolytic agent containing a protein according to the invention.
NEW MATERIAL:The protein essentially free from nucleoside phosphotransferase, and having the following characteristics. (a) Molecular weight; 5,000-160,000 determined from the relationship between the elution of the high-speed liquid chromatography and the molecular weight using thioglobin (molecular weight: 670,000), bovine gamma- globulin (158,000), avian ovoalbumin (44,000), bird myoglobin (17,000) and vitamin B12 (1,350) as marker proteins, (b) composed mainly of acidic amino acid and neutral amino acid and containing relatively large amount of glutamic acid and aspartic acid as the acidic amino acid, and (c) having cell proliferation acceleration activity. USE:Remedy for wound. The effect can be improved by the combined use of a zinc compound. PREPARATION:A bacterial strain selected from Clostridium genus, Staphylococcus genus, Bacillus genus, etc. is cultured, and the objective protein is separated from the cultured cell or cultured liquid.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nearly one in ten individuals in South-East Asia are estimated to be affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD). The burden of end-stage kidney disease is significant and can be heavy on the healthcare system. The recent EMPA-KIDNEY trial demonstrated a significant reduction in the risk of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with CKD with a broad range of kidney function using add-on empagliflozin versus standard of care (SoC) alone. The objective of this study was to estimate the economic benefit of empagliflozin for patients with CKD in Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam.
METHODS: An individual patient level simulation model with an annual cycle that estimates the progression of kidney function and associated risk-factors was employed. Local costs and mortality rates were estimated from a wide range of published literature. A healthcare perspective was used over a 50-year time horizon.
RESULTS: The use of add-on empagliflozin versus SoC alone was found to be cost-saving in Malaysia and Thailand and cost-effective (ICER: 77,838,407 Vietnam Dong/QALY vs. a willingness to pay threshold of 96,890,026/QALY) in Vietnam. The bulk of the costs avoided over a lifetime is derived from the prevention or delay of dialysis initiation or kidney transplant - the cost offsets were nearly twice the additional treatment cost. The results were similar in patients with and without diabetes and across broad range of albuminuria.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of add-on empagliflozin in a broad population of patients with CKD is expected to be cost-saving in Malaysia and Thailand and cost-effective in Vietnam and will help alleviate the increasing burden of CKD in the region.
Intubating dose of Vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg (IBW) and re-dosing with 0.0125 to 0.05 mg/kg as needed to achieve and maintain 1 to 2 train-of-four (TOF) contractions. Redosing in this manner is a current clinical practice.
Patients receive DT2216 IV over 30 minutes on days 1, 4, 8, 11, 15, and 18 of each cycle and irinotecan IV over 90 minutes on days 2-6 of cycle 1, and on days 1-5 of remaining cycles. Cycles repeat every 21 days for up to 35 cycles (24 months) in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Additionally, patients undergo blood sample collection throughout the trial.
Diseases of the pericardium encompass a spectrum of conditions, including acute and recurrent pericarditis, where inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations. Anti-inflammatory therapy indeed forms the cornerstone of treating these conditions: NSAIDs, colchicine, and corticosteroids (as a second-line treatment) are recommended by current guidelines. However, these medications come with several contraindications and are not devoid of adverse effects. In recent years, there has been an increased focus on the role of the inflammasome and potential therapeutic targets. Recurrent pericarditis also shares numerous characteristics with other autoinflammatory diseases, in which interleukin-1 antagonists have already been employed with good efficacy and safety. The objective of this review is to summarize the available studies on the use of anti-IL-1 drugs both in acute and recurrent pericarditis.
INTRODUCTION: Unplanned readmission is often seen after excisional hemorrhoidectomy. This study aims to explore associations between patient and operative factors, and readmission rates in excisional hemorrhoidectomy.
METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of all excisional hemorrhoidectomies performed in Capital and Coast District Health Board for an 8-year period from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2020. The primary outcome measure was 30-day readmissions post hemorrhoidectomy. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors to readmisson. A decision tree model was designed to further look at the interactions between risk factors.
RESULTS: There were a total 370 patients undergoing 389 excisional hemorrhoidectomies over the study period. There were 47 (12.1%) readmissions. The commonest reasons for readmission were pain (48.9%) and bleeding (38%). 17% of readmitted patients required operative intervention. Readmission was associated with the use of advanced energy devices (OR 2.21; P = 0.027). Trainees were more likely to use advance energy devices than consultants (51% versus 38%, P = 0.010). Consultants were involved in more procedures requiring a removal of 3 pedicles or more than trainees (43% versus 30%, P = 0.010). A decision tree model predicts readmission based on primary operator experience, age, advanced energy device use, and patient ethnicity.
CONCLUSIONS: Two risk models are presented showing the complex relationship between the factors associated with readmission after hemorrhoidectomy. Advanced energy device use was associated with an increased risk of readmission after hemorrhoidectomy in our population. Future work could involve targeted interventions to patients at increased risk of readmission such as preprocedural and postprocedural information, early interval follow-up and targeted analgesia regimes.
For active-tDCS condition, participants will receive stimulation on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with ramp up and ramp down mode for 10 seconds, eliciting a tingling sensation on the scalp that fades over seconds. Following that, a twenty-minute executive functional training task will be initiated five minutes subsequent to the stimulation mode, and the stimulation will be terminated when the training task ends. On the other hand, for sham-tDCS condition, participants will receive initial stimulation with ramp up and ramp down mode for 30 seconds, eliciting a tingling sensation on the scalp then it will be discontinued. Participant will also receive the twenty-minute executive functional training task five minutes subsequent to the stimulation mode.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic, and debilitating disease that tends to present in children under age 2 and has a waxing and waning course. Poor adherence to treatment is the primary preventable contributor towards adverse outcomes such as infection, hospitalization, permanent disfigurement, and disruptions in normal childhood psychological development. The burden of care for these patients often falls upon parents, who may have difficulty incorporating the necessary daily treatments into the family's lifestyle. Thus, investigating ways of improving adherence could have a significant impact on a patient's long term prognosis and the family's ability to understand and adjust to the demands of AD.Text message reminders with embedded health literacy information have been shown to improve vaccination rates in children and caregivers have reported increased satisfaction with this means of communication.

This study aims to assess whether text message reminders with information about AD are an effective way to improve treatment adherence and provide disease specific information to caregivers of children with AD. The measure of AD severity will be the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score. Health literacy with regard to AD will be assessed via in-office survey.This study will involve children age 0-6 with newly diagnosed AD and their primary caregivers. The subjects will be randomized to standard care or text message reminder group. All study participants will be asked to complete a survey after their initial evaluation and after their follow up visit on the same day they are in the office. The text message group will receive text messages with information and treatment reminders. All participants will receive the standard of care with regard to AD.

If this study demonstrates that text message reminders can improve EASI scores in AD patients it could lead to a significant change in how these patients are managed. Fewer complications from episodic flares, infections, and other sequelae may lessen the burden of this disease for both patients and their caregivers. Text messaging is an inexpensive, noninvasive, and broadly applicable tool that is worth studying for the purpose of improving treatment adherence and disease literacy.
Pregnancy Exposure Registry

There is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to Entecavir during pregnancy. Healthcare providers are encouraged to register patients by calling the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry (APR) at 1-800-258-4263.

Risk Summary

Prospective pregnancy data from the APR are not sufficient to adequately assess the risk of birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Entecavir use during pregnancy has been evaluated in a limited number of individuals reported to the APR and the number of exposures to entecavir is insufficient to make a risk assessment compared to a reference population. The estimated background rate for major birth defects is 2.7% in the U.S. reference population of the Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program (MACDP). The rate of miscarriage is not reported in the APR. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 15–20%.

In animal reproduction studies, no adverse developmental effects were observed with entecavir at clinically relevant exposures. No developmental toxicities were observed at systemic exposures (AUC) approximately 25 (rats) and 200 (rabbits) times the exposure at the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 1 mg/day (see Data).

Data

Animal Data

Entecavir was administered orally to pregnant rats (at 2, 20, and 200 mg per kg per day) and rabbits (at 1, 4, and 16 mg per kg per day) during organogenesis (on gestation Days 6 through 15 [rat] and 6 through 18 [rabbit]). In rats, embryofetal toxicity including post-implantation loss, resorptions, tail and vertebral malformations, skeletal variations including reduced ossification (vertebrate, sternebrae, and phalanges) and extra lumbar vertebrae and ribs, and lower fetal body weights were observed at systemic exposures (AUC) 3,100 times those in humans at the MRHD. Maternal toxicity was also observed at this dose level. In rabbits, embryofetal toxicity including post-implantation loss, resorptions and skeletal variations, including reduced ossification (hyoid) and increased incidence of 13th rib, were observed at systemic exposures (AUC) 883 times those in humans at the MRHD. There were no signs of embryofetal toxicity when pregnant animals received oral entecavir at 28 (rat) and 212 (rabbit) times the human exposure (AUC) at the MRHD. In a pre/postnatal development study, entecavir was administered orally to pregnant rats at 0.3, 3, and 30 mg per kg per day from gestation day 6 to lactation/post-partum day 20. No adverse effects on the offspring occurred at up to the highest dose evaluated, resulting in exposures (AUC) greater than 94 times those in humans at the MRHD.
BACKGROUND: Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder that manifests primarily with jaundice and pruritus and can progresses from persistent cholestasis to cirrhosis and late childhood liver failure. Classically, progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis is classified into three subtypes: 1, 2, and 3 and results from a defect in a biliary protein responsible for bile formation and circulation in the liver. In the last decade and with the increased use of genetic testing, more types have been known.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 6-month-old Afrocentric boy presented with progressive jaundice and pruritus that started since the age of 2 months. He was thoroughly investigated to be finally diagnosed as progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 4. A low-fat diet, ursodeoxycholic acid, fat-soluble vitamins, and cholestyramine were started. He showed initial improvement then had refractory pruritus and impaired quality of life. He underwent surgical biliary diversion at the age of 1 year with marked improvement of manifestations.
CONCLUSION: Owing to the increased technology of genetic testing, more clinical subtypes of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis were diagnosed other than the classical three types. Surgical management using biliary diversion could be beneficial and delays or may even obviate the need for liver transplantation.