anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Although zidovudine (AZT) has been effective in treating some AIDS patients, AZT has toxic effects in many patients and other means of treating HIV-infected persons need to be evaluated. In vitro (test tube) studies have shown that the human herpes viruses are inhibited by foscarnet and that a number of retroviruses, including HIV, are sensitive to it. It is hoped that treatment of HIV-infected individuals with foscarnet during an early phase of HIV infections will reduce the risk of developing AIDS.

Patients are divided into three groups: (1) asymptomatic patients with or without persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) syndrome; (2) patients with AIDS; and (3) patients who have or have had mild to moderate signs or symptoms consistent with HIV infection. Patients are then randomly chosen to receive one of three different foscarnet doses. The drug is given for 4 weeks, by 1-hour infusion administered every 8 hours. In addition, those patients who are clinically stable and have not experienced severe toxicity at the end of the 4 weeks may continue treatment, in the form of a single daily dose of foscarnet to be administered 5 days per week. Blood samples are taken during treatment and at the first, fourth, and eighth week after treatment. If the patient is on maintenance, blood samples are taken weekly. Effective 7-17-89, patients entering the study are assigned to the lowest foscarnet dose. Patients receive daily treatment for 28 days. Patients who are clinically stable without severe toxicity at 4 weeks have the option of maintenance therapy with foscarnet.
From January 2018 to August 2018 all consecutive elective and emergency cholecystectomies performed were entered in a prospective database. IOC has been instructed to be performed routinely when feasible during cholecystectomy since 1998. All elective operations were performed either by residents or specialist surgeons. For this study the investigators collected the radiation exposure values from exposure and pulsed fluoroscopy. Fluoroscopy time (s) was recorded.The operating surgeon was asked to fulfill a questionnaire directly after the cholecystectomy. The technical success and reasons for possible deferral of IOC were documented.Patient data from unsuccessful or deferred cholangiography cases was checked 6 months after cholecystectomy for possible symptomatic residual choledocholithiasis.Laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed both by residents and specialist surgeons.

Ethics: The study was approved by the hospital administration.
Group II will undergo continuous stimulation at a frequency of 20 Hertz, a pulse width of 200 μs and for a total of 20 minutes. The intensity will be set at the maximum tolerated by the patient.
OBJECTIVE: Examine sensory function of the upper airway in four groups of subjects recruited from the World Trade Centre General Responder Cohort (WTCGRC), with/without obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), and with/without chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
METHODS: Upper airway sensory function was determined using 2-point discrimination (2-PD) and vibration threshold (VT) in 163 WTCGRC subjects with both OSA and CRS (cases), OSA or CRS alone and without OSA or CRS (controls). Presence of OSA was determined from clinical sleep studies or home sleep testing. Presence of CRS was determined by nasal symptom questionnaire. The relationship between the presence of OSA and CRS and upper airway sensory impairment was assessed using linear regression analysis with each of 2PD and VT sensory threshold values as the dependent variable; OSA, CRS and their interaction were the independent variables. Age, gender and body mass index were covariates in the statistical model. The primary analysis was comparison of OSA+CRS versus controls (no OSA and no CRS) evaluated by linear contrasts.
RESULTS: There were no differences in 2-PD or VT in those with OSA+CRS, OSA and CRS alone or controls. However, both 2-PD and VT were significantly higher in the WTCGRC controls compared with values seen in historical controls using the same methodology (median 2-PD 13.0; CI (11.0 to 13.5) vs 10.5; CI (8 to 11); VT: mean±SEM (9.3±0.6 vs 2.2±0.1)).
CONCLUSION: While no differences were found in upper airway sensation between cases of OSA and CRS versus controls in the WTGRC population, there was evidence of impaired upper airway sensation in the WTGRC overall.
Over the last few years, an unprecedented decrease in the mortality and morbidity associated with AIDS has been achieved attributed to the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) which consists of three different classes of drugs: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), protease inhibitors (PIs), and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). However, the durability of viral suppression is often limited by treatment with combinations of non-fully suppressive antiretroviral agents. Heavily pretreated patients often possess multiple mutations of the reverse transcriptase and protease genes resulting in multi-drug resistance. Thus, a pharmacological agent effective at an alternate point in the virus replication cycle would make a valuable addition to the anti-HIV armamentarium. T-20, enfuvirtide, is the first drug to be developed which specifically inhibits the function of the gp41 transmembrane glycoprotein of HIV-1. The objective of this study is to assess the safety and tolerability of Fuzeon (Enfuvirtide) in patients who are limited by the current commercially available antiretroviral agents or agents available via early access or compassionate use programs as per the judgment of the investigator or patients with advanced disease and most in need of therapy. This study is a multicenter, open-label, single-arm, safety study. Each patient will receive enfuvirtide 90 mg (deliverable dose) via subcutaneous injection twice daily with food, in combination additional antiretroviral agents. Subjects will continue to receive enfuvirtide until 12 weeks after commercial availability of enfuvirtide in the United States. Laboratory testing, CD4+lymphocyte counts, HIV-1 viral loads will be monitored on a regular and continual basis. The main outcome measures are ones of safety and tolerability: serious adverse events (including all deaths, serious AIDS defining events, and discontinuations for any reason), injection reconstitution fatigue.
Patients with Lynch syndrome, one of the most common hereditary tumor predisposition syndromes, harbor an increased risk for a broad spectrum of especially gastrointestinal and gynecological tumors. Causative for the syndrome are variants in DNA mismatch repair genes, which are passed on to the offspring at a 50% chance (autosomal dominant inheritance). The tumor tissue of these patients usually shows microsatellite instability, which is of increasing relevance regarding prognosis and therapeutic decisions. The detection of a causative genetic variant in a patient enables predictive testing of family members to provide relief to noncarriers and provide carriers with intensified risk-adapted surveillance. In addition, chemoprevention with aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) has been proven useful for chemoprevention in studies. Therefore, the diagnosis of Lynch syndrome is important for patients and their relatives.
OBJECTIVE: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent among U.S. combat Veterans, and associated with poor health and wellbeing. As combat experiences are likely to significantly modify self-, other-, and society-oriented cognitions and heighten risk for PTSD, examination of related cognitive processes may yield new treatment strategies. The cognitive model of PTSD suggests that persistent threat perceptions contribute to symptom worsening. Thus, cognitive processes of shifting perspectives or generating novel interpretations may be particularly relevant to lessen PTSD symptoms. This cross-sectional study examined executive functioning as a moderator to the relationship between combat exposure and PTSD symptom clusters among post-9/11 Veterans.
METHOD: Data from 168 Veterans were drawn from a larger study examining post-deployment mental health and cognitive function. An executive functioning composite derived from Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Perseveration Errors, WAIS-III Similarities, Trail Making Test B, and Stroop Color-Word Inhibition scores was computed. Path analysis was used to test the moderation model.
RESULTS: After accounting for age, sex, and estimated premorbid functioning, results indicated that combat exposure was associated with all symptom clusters on the PTSD Checklist-Military. Executive functioning was not significantly associated with the PTSD symptom clusters and did not moderate the relationship between combat exposure and any of the PTSD symptom clusters.
CONCLUSIONS: Combat exposure is an important dimension of risk related to PTSD in Veterans that warrants regular screening. Moderation by executive functioning was not observed despite theoretical support. Future work could test methodological and sampling reasons for this finding to determine if theoretical adjustment is necessary.
Patients 18 or older will undergo primary canal wall down mastoidectomy. Patients with known biologic sensitivity or cultural objection to use of porcine materials will be excluded.

Data will be derived from the medical record and surgeon reports as detailed on pre-op and follow-up forms. Variables collected include age, gender, medical co-morbidities, body mass index, pre-operative audiometric values (including word recognition score, pure tone average, and air bone gap), side of surgery, size of operative cavity, infectious state (draining versus dry), exact surgical procedure, presence of cholesteatoma, time to dry cavity, time to complete epithelialization (as observed directly by the surgeon), and post-operative complications (such as persistent perforation, drainage, granulation tissue formation, and facial nerve outcomes). Dates and patient number will be recorded. Patients will be randomly assigned using randomization software, whereby patients will be assigned a sequential research number that is pre-randomized to one research arm. The study cannot be blinded, as the surgeon will be able to identify which graft will be used. De-identified photographs of the post-operative outcomes at each time point will be recorded photographically. Three physicians will review these photographs without prior knowledge of the treatment arm.
The definition of single ventricle can mean a ventricle that is hypoplastic, too small, or completely absent. Either the right or left ventricle may be affected. There may also be other cardiac anomalies present. Infants with a single ventricle develop distress after birth when the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale close. This may happen within hours or days of delivery. The severity of symptoms is determined by the degree of defect. But, single ventricle patients will not survive without treatment. Patients with only one functioning ventricle can usually expect either a heart transplant or a series of palliative surgeries or sometimes both. Their care is very complex requiring a team of dedicated practitioners to manage drug therapy, medical support and surgery.

At Children's Healthcare of Atlanta at Egleston, it is standard of care for a patient with a single ventricle heart to undergo many non-invasive imaging studies and sometimes invasive studies such as heart catheterization. Results of the studies provide valuable information used for treatment decisions and evaluation of heart function. We propose to do a retrospective chart review of patient data including a review of their invasive and non-invasive studies.
Lazanda is NOT equivalent to other fentanyl products used to treat breakthrough pain on a mcg per mcg basis. There are differences in the pharmacokinetics of Lazanda relative to other fentanyl products which could potentially result in clinically important differences in the amount of fentanyl absorbed and could result in a fatal overdose. 

When prescribing Lazanda to a patient, DO NOT convert from other fentanyl products. Directions for safely converting patients to Lazanda from other fentanyl products are not currently available. (Note: This includes oral, transdermal, or parenteral formulations of fentanyl). Therefore, for opioid-tolerant patients starting treatment for breakthrough pain, the initial dose of Lazanda is 100 mcg. Individually titrate each patient's dose to provide adequate analgesia while minimizing side effects. [See Dosage and Administration (2.1)] 

When dispensing Lazanda to a patient, DO NOT substitute it for any other fentanyl product prescription.
5q-spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disorder (NMD) that has become one of the first 5% treatable rare diseases. The efficacy of new SMA therapies is creating a dynamic SMA patient landscape, where disease progression and scoliosis development play a central role, however, remain difficult to anticipate. New approaches to anticipate disease progression and associated sequelae will be needed to continuously provide these patients the best standard of care. Here we developed an interpretable machine learning (ML) model that can function as an assistive tool in the anticipation of SMA-associated scoliosis based on disease progression markers. We collected longitudinal data from 86 genetically confirmed SMA patients. We selected six features routinely assessed over time to train a random forest classifier. The model achieved a mean accuracy of 0.77 (SD 0.2) and an average ROC AUC of 0.85 (SD 0.17). For class 1 'scoliosis' the average precision was 0.84 (SD 0.11), recall 0.89 (SD 0.22), F1-score of 0.85 (SD 0.17), respectively. Our trained model could predict scoliosis using selected disease progression markers and was consistent with the radiological measurements. During post validation, the model could predict scoliosis in patients who were unseen during training. We also demonstrate that rare disease data sets can be wrangled to build predictive ML models. Interpretable ML models can function as assistive tools in a changing disease landscape and have the potential to democratize expertise that is otherwise clustered at specialized centers.
The study aims to enrol sufficient COPD subjects (stratified by fibrinogen level) so that 60 patients complete the study. Study patients will have a 50% chance of receiving either Losmapimod or Placebo. Patients will be expected to attend for up to 12 visits, over a 24 week period. The visits consist of an initial screening visit, and 2 pre-dose imaging visits to include a PET-CT scan and an optional MRI scan. The next 7 visits (at 2-4 weekly intervals) involve blood tests and safety evaluations. A number of procedures including heart tracings (ECGs), non-invasive vascular measurements and lung function tests at the start and at the end of the study. Repeat imaging with PET-CT and MRI will be performed at the end of the study and a follow-up visit.

The purpose of the study is to see if the study medication has a beneficial effect on vascular function and structure. It is envisaged that this trial will help define more evolutionary biomarkers to focus on to help COPD patients in the future.
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is characterized by significant eosinophilic infiltration of esophageal mucosa, leading to tissue damage and consequently to esophageal symptoms. The clinical presentation in childhood often mimics gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), sometimes in association to feeding difficulties and failure to thrive. Later in life, the most common symptoms are dysphagia and food impaction, due to esophageal dysmotility. The progression of a non-recognized, untreated disease, is thought to lead to chronic esophageal inflammation with fibrosis and stenosis. Diagnosis requires multiple esophageal biopsies (at least 4 in both proximal and distal esophagus, regardless of gross appearance of mucosa) to demonstrate a mucosal infiltrate of at least 15 eosinophils for high power field (HPF) in patients with a normal pH study or refractory to acid-suppression therapy. Although the endoscopic examination may be unremarkable, endoscopic features of EoE have been well characterized and include: linear furrowing, concentric rings (thachealization), white spots (eosinophilic abscesses), Schatzki ring, strictures, and linear superficial mucosal tears occurring after introduction of the endoscope.
A communication apparatus includes a processing unit, a judgement unit, and a communication unit. The processing unit generates state information indicating a state of a target person by processing an image in which the target person is captured. The judgement unit performs, by using the state information, at least one of processing of determining first information needed to be transmitted to a first terminal and processing of deciding whether to transmit the first information to the first terminal. The first terminal is associated with the target person, and is operated by a different person from the target person. The communication unit transmits the first information to the first terminal. The communication apparatus can also support decision-making on how to respond to the target person.
Participants will be administered Placebo SC injections at Weeks 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, and Week 20 followed by golimumab 50 mg SC injections at Week 24 and every 4 weeks thereafter through Week 48. In addition, participants will receive a stable dose of MTX.
Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacteria, and its virulence factors can cause many kinds of infections, such as pneumonia, sepsis, enteritis and osteomyelitis. Traditional antibiotics can not only kill bacteria, but also easily lead to bacterial resistance. Jingfang Mixture (JFM) has the effects of inducing sweating and relieving the exterior, dispelling wind and eliminating dampness, and is commonly used in clinic to prevent and treat epidemic diseases and infectious diseases. The main purpose of this study is to explore the inhibitory effect of JFM on alpha-hemolysin (Hla) of S. aureus and to alleviate the damage caused by Hla. We found that JFM could inhibit the hemolytic activity, transcription level and neutralizing activity of Hla in a dose-dependent manner at the concentrations of 125, 250 and 500 µg/mL, without affecting the growth of bacteria. In addition, JFM reduced the damage of Hla to A549 cells and the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). We also observed that in the S. aureus - induced pneumonia mouse model, JFM could significantly prolong the life of mice, reduce the bacterial load in the lungs, significantly improve the pathological state of the lungs and alleviate the damage caused by inflammatory factors, and the pathogenicity of gene deletion strain DU 1090 of S. aureus to pneumonia mice was also significantly reduced. In conclusion, this study proved that JFM is a potential drug against S. aureus infection, and this study provided a preliminary study for better guidance of clinical drug use.
Few cases of overdose have been described.   
A 58-year-old man with acute lymphoblastic leukemia received 10-fold overdose of doxorubicin hydrochloride (300 mg/m2) in one day. He was treated with charcoal filtration, hemopoietic growth factor (G-CSF), proton pump inhibitor and antimicrobial prophylaxis. The patient suffered sinus tachycardia, grade 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia for 11 days, severe mucositis and sepsis. The patient recovered completely 26 days after the overdose. A 17-year-old girl with osteogenic sarcoma received 150 mg of doxorubicin hydrochloride daily for 2 days (intended dose was 50 mg per day for 3 days). The patient developed severe mucositis on days 4 to 7 after the overdose and chills and pyrexia on day 7. The patient was treated with antibiotics and platelets and recovered 18 days after overdose.
A manufacturing method of natural mask is provided. Liquid body with ability of natural coagulation on the surface is poured into a forming groove while a heating device below is used for maintaining temperature. Thin film is formed by using protein of the liquid body contacting air and interacting with calcium plus water is evaporated from the liquid level. Convex column or convex slope or convex wall is set at some internal place in opposition to eyes, nose and mouth on the face for forming a face contour size and shape of which can cover all the face. The extracted mask with natural ingredients can affix to the skin of face before it is tear out due to desiccation. The natural mask can provide effect of mild scrub and white smooth to the skin and add natural additives for achieving effects of natural whitening.
BACKGROUND: Dysuria in children can have various etiologies, including ureteric stones, phimosis, congenital obstructive posterior urethral membrane, and neurogenic bladders. However, there have been no reports of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) causing dysuria due to urethral keratosis. Here, we report two cases of urethral keratosis caused by a VAD.
CASE PRESENTATION: An 8-year-old boy (Patient 1) and a 6-year-old boy (Patient 2) presented with multiple episodes of dysuria and epididymitis. Both patients had intellectual disabilities and autism, which prevented voiding cystourethrography. Therefore, the patient was admitted for cystoscopy under general anesthesia. Cystoscopy revealed urethral diastolic dysfunction and a large amount of desquamated epithelium obstructing the urethra in both patients, causing urinary obstruction and dysuria. Catheterization was repeated; however, the symptoms recurred after catheter removal. Although the cause of recurrent urinary obstruction could not be initially identified, an ophthalmologist found Bitot's spots and suggested the possibility of a VAD. Serum vitamin A levels were extremely low in both patients, leading to the diagnosis of urethral keratosis due to VAD. VAD can be attributed to an unbalanced diet resulting from intellectual disabilities or autism. Vitamin A replacement therapy improved both the urethral symptoms and cystoscopic findings.
CONCLUSION: Dysuria due to VAD is extremely rare, and urethral keratosis as a cause of dysuria is likely the first report of its kind worldwide. VAD may develop due to an unbalanced diet in patients with intellectual disabilities or autism. Therefore, it is essential to consider VAD as a potential cause of dysuria in patients with intellectual disabilities and autism.
The application was performed on the determined acupressure points by considering the direction of the meridian in a certain order. It was performed with the administration order of Spleen 6th point (SP 6) and Large Intestine 4th point (Li 4). In total, the administration was performed with 4 acupressure points including 2 points in the upper/lower extremity along with the parallel points in each intervention. Each acupressure point was massaged for 30 seconds to provide circulation before the pressure. After the massage, consecutive pressures were applied for 90 seconds. In each intervention, a total of 8-minute sessions were applied to 4 points as 2 minutes for each point. Consecutive pressures were applied on a frequency that did not disturb the women, did not cause pain, and had a soothing effect. Until the end of the intervention it was continued 2 times a week, 16 times in total in 8 weeks.
The stretching will be performed with the subject standing, with 90° of arm abduction and 90° of elbow flexion and palm on a flat planar surface. The subject then will place the leg opposite to the flat surface in front of the other with slight knee flexion and tilt the trunk forward like a rigid block and rotate it slightly increasing the horizontal abduction at the shoulder. This procedure will be done 4 times for 1 min and 30s interval between repetitions.
* Myelosuppression: XROMI may cause severe myelosuppression. Do not give if bone marrow function is markedly depressed. Monitor blood counts at baseline and throughout treatment. Interrupt treatment and reduce dose as necessary [see Warnings and Precautions(5.1)].
  * Malignancies: Hydroxyurea is carcinogenic. Advise sun protection and monitor patients for malignancies [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].