anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of black mulberry on cognitive functions and biochemical parameters in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The study was conducted in a tertiary geriatric outpatient clinic with 44 patients aged over 65 years who were diagnosed with mild-to-moderate AD. The study was completed by 20 participants in the intervention group and 19 participants in the control group. The intervention group was administered 20 grams of black mulberry concentrate per day for 12 weeks. There was no intervention in the control group (n=19). Routine medical treatment for all participants was continued throughout the study. During the evaluation of the cognitive situation, Mini-Mental State Assessment (MMSA) and AD Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) test were administered. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was used to screen for depression symptoms. In order to evaluate antioxidant capacity in serum samples Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme, Total Oxidant Status (TOS), Total Antioxidant Status (TAS), and oxidative stress index level were examined. Furthermore, in order to evaluate lipid oxidation, Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was examined. For the evaluation of inflammation, serum Interleukin 1-beta (IL-1 beta) and Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) levels were measured.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the recommended phase II doses for the combination of bortezomib and belinostat in patients with relapsed or refractory acute leukemia (AL), myelodysplasia (MDS), and chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. Determine safety and tolerance and describe the toxicities of the combination. II. To demonstrate adequate methods for the assessment of pharmacodynamic response of leukemia cells from the bone marrow and/or peripheral blood in terms of effects on NF-kB (nuclear RelA by immunofluorescence microscopy), NF-kB dependent proteins XIAP and Bcl-xL, and BIM, and document pharmacodynamic responses observed in the course of this study. III. To document activity of the combination observed in the course of this study. OUTLINE: Patients receive belinostat IV over 30 minutes on days 1-5 and 8-12 and bortezomib IV on days 1, 4, 8, and 11. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 12 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed periodically.
This study aims to investigate the effects of Procalcitonin, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, and Haptoglobin levels on the prognosis of calves classified according to the severity of diarrhea. The animal material comprised 48 diarrheic calves of different breeds and sexes, aged 1-30 days, and 16 healthy calves aged 1-30 days. The 48 diarrheic calves used were divided into 3 groups, each consisting of 16 calves. Group 1 was designed as Viral (Rota + Corona n = 16), Group 2 as Bacterial (E. coli n = 16), and Group 3 as Parasitic (Cryptosporidiosis n = 16). Each of these groups was further divided into 2 subgroups (moderate and severe subgroups). Blood samples were taken from the diarrheic calves before treatment (0 h) and at 24 and 72 h after treatment. Complete blood count, biochemical, blood gas analyses, and ELISA tests were performed. It was determined that 18.75 % (9/48) of the 48 diarrheic calves included in the study died, while 81.25 % (39/48) survived. The highest mortality rate among the patient groups was observed in the severe rota + corona group (37.5 %). The average PCT concentration in the diarrheic calves in the Rota-corona and E. coli groups at 0 and 24 hours was found to be higher than both the healthy calves and the diarrheic calves in the Cryptosporidium spp. group (P<0.001). This increase was also observed in the Cryptosporidium spp. group at 72 h (P<0.001). A positive and moderate correlation was observed between Procalcitonin and TNF-α (r = 0.603, P<0.001). As a result, it was concluded that the Procalcitonin value, along with other tests, could be used as a biomarker to determine the prognosis of the disease in diarrheic calves, regardless of the etiological agent. This study was evaluated as an original study in which cytokines and acute phase proteins were investigated before and after treatment, with diarrhea divided into subgroups.
This arm will receive the novel intervention package for a period of three months to prevent smoking initiation and increase quit rate. The intervention will consist of 4 lessons which will be taught for about one hour each day. This will be segmented into two broad areas as knowledge and skill development. Under the knowledge-based program, participants will be taught, the global challenge of tobacco and tobacco products, correcting the erroneous impression about tobacco, the media and advertisement, and the harmful effects of smoking. The skill development program teaches about refusal skills (self-esteem, interpersonal relationship skills, and problem-solving skills). The participants will understand the tobacco advertising and marketing strategies; peer influence, and skills for resisting influences to smoke.
Severe cases of hyponatremia, accompanied by hypokalemia have been reported with recommended doses of indapamide. This occurred primarily in elderly females. (See PRECAUTIONS: Geriatric Use.) This appears to be dose related. Also, a large case-controlled pharmacoepidemiology study indicates that there is an increased risk of hyponatremia with indapamide 2.5 mg and 5 mg doses. Hyponatremia considered possibly clinically significant (< 125 mEq/L) has not been observed in clinical trials with the 1.25 mg dosage (see PRECAUTIONS). Thus, patients should be started at the 1.25 mg dose and maintained at the lowest possible dose. (See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.)

Hypokalemia occurs commonly with diuretics (see ADVERSE REACTIONS: Hypokalemia), and electrolyte monitoring is essential, particularly in patients who would be at increased risk from hypokalemia, such as those with cardiac arrhythmias or who are receiving concomitant cardiac glycosides.

In general, diuretics should not be given concomitantly with lithium because they reduce its renal clearance and add a high risk of lithium toxicity. Read prescribing information for lithium preparations before use of such concomitant therapy.
### Absorption

Analysis of plasma, urine, and feces following a single oral 200 mg dose of tritium-labeled flutamide to human volunteers showed that the drug is rapidly and completely absorbed. Following a single 250 mg oral dose to normal adult volunteers, the biologically active alpha-hydroxylated metabolite reaches maximum plasma concentrations in about 2 hours, indicating that it is rapidly formed from flutamide. Food has no effect on bioavailability of flutamide.

### Distribution

In male rats neither flutamide nor any of its metabolites is preferentially accumulated in any tissue except the prostate after an oral 5 mg/kg dose of 14C-flutamide. Total drug levels were highest 6 hours after drug administration in all tissues. Levels declined at roughly similar rates to low levels at 18 hours. The major metabolite was present at higher concentrations than flutamide in all tissues studied. Following a single 250 mg oral dose to normal adult volunteers, low plasma levels of flutamide were detected. The plasma half-life for the alpha-hydroxylated metabolite of flutamide is about 6 hours. Flutamide, in vivo, at steady-state plasma concentrations of 24 to 78 ng/mL, is 94% to 96% bound to plasma proteins. The active metabolite of flutamide, in vivo, at steady-state plasma concentrations of 1556 to 2284 ng/mL, is 92% to 94% bound to plasma proteins.

### Metabolism

The composition of plasma radioactivity, following a single 200 mg oral dose of tritium-labeled flutamide to normal adult volunteers, showed that flutamide is rapidly and extensively metabolized, with flutamide comprising only 2.5% of plasma radioactivity 1 hour after administration. At least 6 metabolites have been identified in plasma. The major plasma metabolite is a biologically active alpha-hydroxylated derivative which accounts for 23% of the plasma tritium 1 hour after drug administration. The major urinary metabolite is 2-amino-5-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenol.

### Excretion

Flutamide and its metabolites are excreted mainly in the urine with only 4.2% of the dose excreted in the feces over 72 hours.
Brucellosis is present in humans and animals in nearly 170 countries and regions around the world. In the 1950s and 1960s, brucellosis was seriously prevalent in China. In the 1970s, the epidemic gradually declined. It was basically controlled in the 1980s and early 1990s, but since the mid-1990s, the epidemic has continued to rise rapidly, and brucellosis It has become one of the fastest infectious diseases reporting the rising incidence rate. In 2016, 47,139 cases were reported, with an incidence rate of 3.44/100,000. The provinces with the most reported cases are Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Shanxi Province and Heilongjiang Province. However, in the southern non-pastoral areas of Guangdong Province and Guangxi Province, brucellosis outbreaks have occurred in recent years, and the incidence rates in Henan and Fujian provinces have continued to rise.

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, also known as epidemic hemorrhagic fever, is an infectious disease caused by the Hantavirus. The main clinical features are fever, exudation, hemorrhage, hypotensive shock, and kidney damage. It was once epidemic viral infection in China after viral hepatitis. In the 1980s, the number of cases reported exceeded 100,000. More than 1650,000 patients have been reported in China since 1950, including more than 47,000 deaths, with a total case fatality rate of approximately 2.89%. The number of people in the province accounted for more than 80% of the total number of people in the country. From 2004 to 2015, Shaanxi Province and the three northeastern provinces were the hardest hit areas of national hemorrhagic fever.

There are reports of sporadic leishmaniasis in China, but they are rare and lack corresponding epidemiological data. In 2015, 507 new cases of visceral leishmaniasis were reported, which was a high level in the past 10 years. However, the incidence rate remains at a low level of 0.0372/100,000. In recent years, visceral leishmaniasis is mainly distributed in the northwestern part of China, and there are many cases reported in the southwestern part of the country. The three areas with the highest incidence rate are Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Gansu Province and Sichuan Province. The cases in non-endemic areas are mainly adults who go to work in popular areas, and mainly male physical workers, while the popular areas are mainly infants and young children.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: 1-3 mass parts of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt is added to distilled water ( its quantity being 100 mass parts ) at room temperature. Simultaneously functional additive is prepared of cholesterol omate, cholesterol pelargonate and cholesterol acetate at ratio 100: (44-55): (14-20). The process takes place by mixing these components. Aqueous solution of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt and functional additive are heated to 70-90 C. Then these components are mixed by uninterrupted mixing. Thus prepared mixture is cooled to room temperature. EFFECT: improves desired product quality, improves its tribology properties.
In contrast to the epidemiology 10 years earlier at our hospital when the epidemic restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) group strain BI accounted for 72% of Clostridioides difficile isolates recovered from first-episode C. difficile infection (CDI) cases, BI represented 19% of first-episode CDI isolates in 2013-2015. Two additional REA group strains accounted for 31% of isolates (Y, 16%; DH, 12%). High-level resistance to fluoroquinolones and azithromycin was more common among BI isolates than among DH, Y, and non-BI/DH/Y isolates. Multivariable analysis revealed that BI cases were 2.47 times more likely to be associated with fluoroquinolone exposure compared to non-BI cases (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12-5.46). In addition, the odds of developing a CDI after third- or fourth-generation cephalosporin exposure was 2.83 times for DH cases than for non-DH cases (95% CI: 1.06-7.54). Fluoroquinolone use in the hospital decreased from 2005 to 2015 from a peak of 113 to a low of 56 antimicrobial days/1,000 patient days. In contrast, cephalosporin use increased from 42 to 81 antimicrobial days/1,000 patient days. These changes correlated with a decrease in geometric mean MIC for ciprofloxacin (61.03 to 42.65 mg/L, P = 0.02) and an increase in geometric mean MIC for ceftriaxone (40.87 to 86.14 mg/L, P < 0.01) among BI isolates. The BI strain remained resistant to fluoroquinolones, but an overall decrease in fluoroquinolone use and increase in cephalosporin use were associated with a decrease in the prevalence of BI, an increased diversity of C. difficile strain types, and the emergence of strains DH and Y.
Subjects will take a single dose of STI-1558 200mg/capsule on Day 1. Starting from Day 4, subjects will orally take 200mg of itraconazole, q.d, for 6 consecutive days (Day 4 to Day 9). The 5th dose (Day 8) of itraconazole will be co-administered with STI-1558 (200 mg/capsule × 3 capsules) to subjects.
BACKGROUND: Whether specific imaging aspects can be used to identify cryptogenic stroke (CS) patients with high risk of underlying atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate brain-imaging features in CS patients and their utility as AF predictors.
METHODS: The Nordic Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke study was a prospective observational study of CS and transient ischemic attack patients undergoing 12-month cardiac-rhythm monitoring, biomarker and clinical assessments. In this imaging sub-study, brain magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scans from 106 patients were assessed for acute and chronic ischemic lesions in relation to AF occurrence and included in a score to predict AF. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the discriminative ability of the score and for its dichotomization for predictive model.
RESULTS: Age, periventricular white-matter hyperintensities (PVWMH), acute lesion size, and vessel occlusion were significantly associated with AF. Acute and chronic cortical infarcts as well as chronic cerebellar infarcts were numerically more frequent in the AF group than the non-AF group. A score consisting of six features (0-6 points) was proposed (age ≥ 65 years, chronic cortical or cerebellar lesions, acute cortical lesions, PVWMH ≥ 2 in Fazekas scale, vessel occlusion, and acute lesion size ≥ 10 mm). Area under ROC curve was 0.735 and a score of ≥ 3 points was a predictor of AF.
CONCLUSIONS: The suggested score was shown to identify CS patients with an increased risk of underlying AF.
FIELD: medicine, surgery. SUBSTANCE: cholecystectomy is suggested to be carried out. Concrements are removed out of biliary pathways for drainage. One should measure drainage length of common hepatic duct. In postoperative period one should carry out seances of curative impacts in biliary pathways. Ozonized Ringer's solution at 2.5-3.0 mg/l ozone concentration is introduced into biliary pathways. Also, one should introduce there electrochemically activated tap water as anolyte in certain mode. Before introducing tap water, it is necessary to introduce light guide into drainage and keep it at the distance of 0.3 cm against drainage edge, not more. Biliary pathways are irradiated through light guide with low-intensity laser radiation in certain mode. Seances of curative impacts should be conducted twice daily for 4-12 d. EFFECT: higher efficiency in treating purulent cholangitis.
Subjects who are ineligible to receive the study drug NAC will have the option to enroll for study assessments only including laboratory testing and hearing assessments identical to the experimental intervention arm. This is a "cohort of convenience" for which we anticipate up to 36 children will be enrolled over the course of the study.
Whole coffee cherry extract (WCCE; otherwise known as the generally-recognized-as-safe (GRAS) supplement Neurofactor(TM)), is a proprietary, safe, powdered extract of whole coffee cherries from coffea arabica with high levels of polyphenols and substantially low (\<2%; \<4mg) levels of caffeine. The only content of the supplement is WCCE - there are no excipients, binders, or flow agents, nor are there any other materials. The coffee cherry is subjected to a food-grade water ethanol extraction; thus, after extraction, only 100% coffee-based components remain. 200mg of WCCE will be administered daily for 28 days.
The invention relates to a process for preparing a powder from the shell membrane of the hyperimmune egg HPC2 and the use thereof in the preparation of a dietary supplement, good for the osteoarticular system. According to the invention, the process comprises the immunization of Rhode Island Red hens, at the beginning of their egg-laying period, using an antigen prepared from inactivated bacterial and fungal strains. The blend is emulsified in an equal volume of adjuvant QS-21 and inoculated in the breast muscles, in four points (0.25 ml in each point). Booster inoculations are made after 14 days and 28 days, respectively, from the first inoculation. The hyperimmune eggs are collected daily, 14 days after the last inoculation. Then, the eggs are used for extraction of IgY from the yolk, protein fractions from the white and shell membranes which are processed for obtaining a powder. The shell membranes are separated from the eggshell by keeping them for 12 h in deionized water to which diluted acetic acid 4% is added, at a temperature of 4°C, then they are dried for 4 h at a temperature of 50°C and ground, to finally obtain a powder containing collagen, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin and other specific proteins. The shell membrane powder is then used to prepare a natural supplement, as tablets, by mixing it with ascorbic acid and usual tableting excipients.
The BCC model consisted of 1.an audio visual module imparting knowledge about DM, its complications, advantages of PA in Diabetes control, how to include more PA in routine life style 2. pamphlets.All these were standardised. Physical activity was measured using international physical activity questionnaire validated(responsiveness\& reliability) for our cultural activity.IPAQ covers four domains of physical activity: work-related,transportation, housework/gardening and leisure-time activity. PA data from the questionnaire were transformed into energy expenditure estimates as MET using published values. To calculate the weekly physical activity (MET-h /week), the number of hours dedicated to each activity class was multiplied by the specific MET score for that activity.

follow up once in a month (4 times) measure incremental physical activity and reinforcement in each visit. Students t test was used to compare the experimental and control groups with respect to the incremental physical activity measured in calorie expenditure. It was found that the incremental physical activity(final-basal) measured in METS is significantly higher in intervention group.
Wound rehabilitation is invariably time-consuming, scar formation further weakens therapeutic efficacy, and detailed mechanisms at the molecular level remain unclear. In this work, a Mo4/3B2-x nanoscaffold was fabricated and utilized for wound healing and scar removing in a mice model, while metabolomics was used to study the metabolic reprogramming of metabolome during therapy at the molecular level. The results showed that transition metal borides, called Mo4/3B2-x nanoscaffolds, could mimic superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase to eliminate excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the wound microenvironment. During the therapeutic process, the Mo4/3B2-x nanoscaffold could facilitate the regeneration of wounds and removal of scars by regulating the biosynthesis of collagen, fibers, and blood vessels at the pathological, imaging, and molecular levels. Subsequent metabolomics study revealed that the Mo4/3B2-x nanoscaffold effectively ameliorated metabolic disorders in both wound and scar microenvironments through regulating ROS-related pathways including the amino acid metabolic process (including glycine and serine metabolism and glutamate metabolism) and the purine metabolic process. This study is anticipated to illuminate the potential clinical application of the Mo4/3B2-x nanoscaffold as an effective therapeutic agent in traumatic diseases and provide insights into the development of analytical methodology for interrogating wound healing and scar removal-related metabolic mechanisms.
###  30-Week Placebo-Controlled Trial

A 30-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BYETTA (n=137) versus placebo (n=122) when added to titrated insulin glargine, with or without metformin and/or thiazolidinedione, in patients with type 2 diabetes with inadequate glycemic control.

All patients assigned to BYETTA initially received 5 mcg BID for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, those patients assigned to BYETTA had their dose increased to 10 mcg BID. Patients assigned to placebo received placebo BID throughout the trial. BYETTA or placebo was injected subcutaneously before the morning and evening meals. Patients with an HbA1c ≤8.0% decreased their prestudy dose of insulin glargine by 20% and patients with an HbA1c ≥8.1% maintained their current dose of insulin glargine. Five weeks after initiating randomized treatment, insulin doses were titrated with guidance from the investigator toward predefined fasting glucose targets according to the dose titration algorithm provided in Table 9. The majority of patients (78%) were Caucasian, 10% American Indian or Alaska Native, 9% Black, 3% Asian, and 0.8% of multiple origins.

The primary endpoint was the change in HbA1c from baseline to Week 30. Compared to placebo, BYETTA 10 mcg BID resulted in statistically significant reductions in HbA1c from baseline at Week 30 (Table 8) in patients receiving titrated insulin glargine.

###  30-Week Comparator-Controlled Noninferiority Trial

A 30 week, open-label, active comparator-controlled, noninferiority study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of BYETTA (n=315) versus titrated insulin lispro (n=312) on a background of optimized basal insulin glargine and metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes with inadequate glycemic control.

Following a 12-week basal insulin optimization (BIO) phase, subjects with an HbA1c >7.0% entered a 30-week intervention phase and were randomized to add either BYETTA or insulin lispro to their existing regimen of insulin glargine and metformin. Insulin glargine was titrated to a target fasting plasma glucose of 72 to 100 mg/dL.

All patients assigned to BYETTA initially received 5 mcg BID for four weeks. After four weeks, their dose was increased to 10 mcg BID. Patients in the BYETTA-treated arm with an HbA1c ≤8.0% at the end of the BIO phase decreased their insulin glargine dose by at least 10%.

All patients assigned to insulin lispro three times daily (TID) maintained their prior total daily insulin dose at baseline; however, the initial insulin lispro dose was ⅓ to ½ of the total daily insulin dose with the insulin glargine dose reduced accordingly. The insulin lispro dose was titrated based on preprandial glucose values.

The majority of patients (87%) were Caucasian, 7% American Indian or Alaska Native, 5% Asian, and <1% African American.

The primary endpoint was the change in HbA1c from baseline to Week 30. Both BYETTA 10 mcg BID and titrated lispro provided a mean reduction in HbA1c at Week 30 that met the pre-specified non-inferiority margin of 0.4%.