anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Female sex and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 genotype are top non-modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although female-unique experiences like parity (pregnancy and motherhood) have positive effects on neuroplasticity at middle age, previous pregnancy may also contribute to AD risk. To explore these seemingly paradoxical long-term effects of parity, we investigated the impact of parity with APOEε4 genotype by examining behavioural and neural biomarkers of brain health in middle-aged female rats. Our findings show that primiparous (parous one time) hAPOEε4 rats display increased use of a non-spatial cognitive strategy and exhibit decreased number and recruitment of new-born neurons in the ventral dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in response to spatial working memory retrieval. Furthermore, primiparity and hAPOEε4 genotype synergistically modulate inflammatory markers in the ventral hippocampus. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that previous parity in hAPOEε4 rats confers an added risk to present with reduced activity and engagement of the hippocampus as well as elevated pro-inflammatory signaling, and underscore the importance of considering female-specific factors and genotype in health research.
In recent years, it has been observed that the type 2 diabetic patients (DM-2) have an increased risk of developing dementia, both vascular and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The term mild cognitive impairment (MCI) describes a transition state between normal cognitive function and dementia. The annual rate of conversion to dementia in MCI patients is around 15% in the general population, ie regardless of the presence or absence of diabetes. At present it is not possible to identify which patients with MCI are most likely to progress to AD. On this basis, the main objective of this study is to evaluate whether the presence of diabetes favors the conversion of MCI to AD. We propose a case-control study comparing a group of 110 diabetic patients and a group of 110 non-diabetic patients with MCI matched by age, sex and cardiovascular risk factors. The main objective is the conversion to AD between the groups and if DM-2 is an independent risk factor. The secondary objective is to investigate whether genetic mechanisms related both to AD and DM-2 are associated with the increased risk of AD in diabetic patients. We will analyze 10 genes simultaneously associated with an increased risk of diabetes and / or its complications and AD.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a skin preparation for external use, capable of sufficiently manifesting performances essentially possessed by a tyrosinase activity inhibitor and useful for the beauty culture and medicine by formulating the tyrosinase activity inhibitor with a specific glycoside in combination. SOLUTION: This skin preparation for external use is obtained by formulating one or more tyrosinase activity inhibitors with a lignan glyoside in combination. A compound represented by formula I [R1 and R2 are each a glycosyl composed of one to four saccharides, which are one or more selected from glucose, galactose and fructose; (a) to (c) are each 0 or 1], especially a compound represented by formula II (Glc is the glycosyl) or formula III or IV is preferred. The amount of the formulaed lignan glycoside is 0.001-5 wt.% in the case of, e.g. the compound represented by formula I to IV. Ascorbic acid, cysteine, arbutin, etc., are cited as the tyrosinase activity inhibitors and the amount of thereof formulated is 0.0001-10 wt.% expressed in terms of dried solids.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: proposed agent is 0.3% sodium usninate solution in fir balsam. Agent is applied on the damaged skin sites, twice per a day by glass rod for three weeks. For complete solution absorption dress is begun 15-20 min after smearing. Removal of epidermis corneus layer at squamous and intertriginosis forms of mycosis is not carried out. Treatment time - up to the first negative analysis for fungi (at average 8.7 ± 0.5 days). By-side effects are absent. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment.
INTRODUCTION: Progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) is a manifestation of a heterogenous group of underlying interstitial lung disease (ILD) diagnoses, defined as non-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) progressive fibrotic ILD meeting at least two of the following criteria in the previous 12 months: worsening respiratory symptoms, absolute decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) more than or equal to 5% and/or absolute decline in diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) more than or equal to 10% and/or radiological progression.
AREAS COVERED: The authors subjectively reviewed a synthesis of literature from PubMed to identify recent advances in the diagnosis and characterisation of PPF, treatment recommendations, and management challenges. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent advances and highlights future directions for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of PPF.
EXPERT OPINION: Recent advances in defining the criteria for PPF diagnosis and licensing of treatment are likely to support further characterisation of the PPF patient population and improve our understanding of prevalence. The diagnosis of PPF remains challenging with the need for a specialised ILD multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach. The evidence base supports the use of immunomodulatory therapy to treat inflammatory ILDs and antifibrotic therapy where PPF develops. Treatment needs to be tailored to the specific underlying disease and determined on a case-by-case basis.
This study involved a comparison of LY2605541 regimens, each administered with bolus insulin lispro. Eligible participants were switched to a fixed evening LY2605541dosing regimen at the beginning of the 12-week lead-in period. LY2605541 was administered SQ once-daily using a prefilled insulin device. The LY2605541dose was adjusted using a dosing algorithm adapted from Bartley and Bolli (Bartley et al. 2008, Bolli et al. 2009) based on the participant's blood glucose (BG) values and documented hypoglycemia during the previous week. Participants not already receiving insulin lispro for prandial dosing were switched to insulin lispro at the beginning of the 12-week lead-in period. Adjustments to insulin lispro doses were based on the insulin dosing algorithms adapted from Riddle and Bergenstal (Riddle et al. 2003, Bergenstal et al. 2008). At the time of randomization, participants were randomized to begin either the fixed evening dosing regimen or the variable time dosing regimen. Each participant was crossed over to the alternate regimen after 12 weeks. The insulin device (prefilled pen) remained the same throughout the study.
The research design is cross-sectional correlational study. Convenient sampling will be used to conduct to data collection. There are 300 patients with hemodialysis from a hemodialysis institution in the north Taiwan, and data collecting with self-administrated questionnaires. The instruments include demographic and disease-related information, Spiritual Health Scale short form, Chinese Happiness Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Life Attitude Profile, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. The SPSS 22.0 statistical software will be used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics, such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation (SD) will be used for participant characteristics and outcome measures. T-test, chi-square, ANOVA, post-hoc, ANCOVA, and Person's correlation will be conducted to test the relationships between the research variables.
PURPOSE: A method for inducing complete apoptosis of liver cells expressing protein HBx by treating reactive oxygen species inducing agents for specifically inducing reactive oxygen species and transcription factor NF-κB inhibitors is provided. Also is provided as a method for screening a drug and gene for inhibiting apoptosis of liver cells expressing protein HBx by the use of the above method. They can be effectively used in development of a hepatitis therapeutic agent and a gene therapeutic agent. CONSTITUTION: The method for inducing complete apoptosis of liver cells expressing protein HBx contains the steps: the treatment of reactive oxygen species inducing agents for specifically inducing reactive oxygen species as a mediator of a cell death pathway; and the treatment of transcription factor NF-κB inhibitors involved in cell survival. The method for screening a drug and gene for inhibiting apoptosis contains the steps of: introducing candidate genes into liver cells expressing protein HBx; treating reactive oxygen species inducing agents and NF-κB inhibitors in the culture medium obtained in the above cells; and determining whether or not the apoptosis is inhibited. The liver cells expressing protein HBx are cell line Chang X31. The reactive oxygen species inducing agents are menadione and the NF-κB inhibitors are sulfasalzine respectively.
The pharmacokinetic profiles of ganciclovir in elderly patients have not been established. Since elderly individuals frequently have a reduced glomerular filtration rate, particular attention should be paid to assessing renal function before and during administration of ganciclovir (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).

Clinical studies of ganciclovir did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy. Ganciclovir is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection. In addition, renal function should be monitored and dosage adjustments should be made accordingly (see Use in Patients With Renal Impairmentand DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION)
The most prominent independent risk factor for cognitive impairment in COPD patients is reduced oxygen availability as a result of lung dysfunction. The prevalence of cognitive impairment in COPD patients ranges from 10% to 61%. A wide variety of tools have been developed for screening cognitive functions. The most widely used tests covering multiple cognitive domains are the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).

When two tasks are performed at the same time, they compete for sources of attention, resulting in decreased performance on one or two tasks. Balance or postural control is a complex skill required for independent mobility and preventing falls. Balance performance naturally decreases with age; however, certain conditions are associated with more pronounced and rapid declines. Balance problems and fall risk are increased in COPD patients.From this perspective aim of this study is to assess the effect of square-step exercise and strengthening exercise applied with telerehabilitation on cognitive status and balance in patients with COPD.
Fifty patients in need of prosthetic interventions for Augmentative Alternative Communication (AAC), computer accessibility, and environmental control (for example, communicators, facilitated keyboards, mouse emulators, eye pointers, accessibility software, and remote controls for home control) will be recruited within the DAT Unit of the Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS "IRCCS Santa Maria Nascente" in Milan. At baseline (T0) a physician will administer the Barthel Index 20 the Modified Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS), the ICF Generic Core Set-7, the ICF-core set for profiling communicative competence for AAC AT assessments or the ICF-Vocational Rehabilitation Brief Core Set integrated with some items of the Comprehensive one for ICT AT. A psychologist will assess patients' cognitive status using the Oxford Cognitive Screening (OCS), the CPM-Coloured Progressive Matrices, the Palm and Pyramid Trees Test - short version, the Aachener Aphasie Test (AAT) subtest on written and oral comprehension of words and sentences, the Multiple Features Targets Cancellation (MFTC). In order to make the cognitive assessment accessible to all participants, these tests will be administered on Windows PCs, using The Grid3 software, or on a specifically created accessible web page. According to the clinical and cognitive assessment, the health practitioner will decide whether to administer the assessment protocol to the patient or to the closest relative. The AT assessment protocol includes at baseline: the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire for quality of life and the Individual Prioritised Problems Assessment (IPPA) to assess the importance and severity of the problems the participants expect to improve with the AT use. The DAT multidisciplinary team will conduct the AT assessment and the most appropriate assistive solution will be identified and prescribed or suggested. The assistive devices received will be classified according to the international standard ISO 9999:2016 and the Ministry of Health Prosthetics and Assistive Products List (DPCM 12/01/2017). The participants will be contacted for the follow-up phase (T1) 3 to 6 months after having received the assistive solution. At T1 clinicians will administer the IPPA questionnaire, the ICF Core Sets, the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire, and the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology Questionnaire (QUEST). Quantitative data will be summarized by appropriate descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, median, and ranges). Qualitative data will be summarized in contingency tables.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent skin cracking, occurrence of itching, etc., by specifying the current, voltage and frequency to be impressed to a stainless steel electrode mounted at a bathtub in the state that a user takes a bath in the bathtub after drinking alkaline calcium ionized water formed by an ionic water forming apparatus to activate the inside of the body. SOLUTION: The bathtub is equipped with the alkaline calcium ionized water forming apparatus consisting of a capacitor 28 of the capacity between a power source plug 1 and the ground. The current of >=0.5 milliampere, the voltage of >=250 volts and the current of the frequency above 50 are impressed to the bathtub electrode terminal 29 disposed in the bathtub. The user drinks the alkaline calcium ionized water 27 formed by the alkaline calcium ionized water forming apparatus and sinks the entire part of the body into the bathtub. In such a case, the water mixed with animal and vegetable oils suitable for the human body is used in the bathtub. As a result, the allergic sources in the body discharge to the outside of the body, the cells are activated and the body constitution is improved from the inside of the body, by which infection may be prevented.
BACKGROUND: Stroke prevention is central to the management of atrial fibrillation (AF), but there remains a residual risk of adverse outcomes in anticoagulated AF patients. Hence, current guidelines have proposed a more holistic or integrated approach to AF management, based on the Atrial fibrillation Better Care (ABC) pathway, as follows: (A) avoid stroke with anticoagulation; (B) better symptom control with patient-centred symptom directed decisions on rate or rhythm control; and (C) cardiovascular and comorbidity management, including lifestyle factors. There has been no formal healthcare cost analysis from the UK National Health Service (NHS) perspective of ABC pathway implementation to optimize the management of AF. Our aim was to estimate the number of patients with AF in the UK each year up to 2040, their morbidity and mortality, and the associated healthcare costs, and secondly, to estimate improvements in morbidity and mortality of implementing an ABC pathway, and the impact on costs.
RESULTS: In 2020, there were an estimated 1 463 538 AF patients, resulting in £286 million of stroke care and £191 million of care related to bleeds annually. By 2030, it is expected that there will be 2 115 332 AF patients, resulting in £666 million of stroke healthcare and £444 million of healthcare related to bleeds. By 2040, this is expected to rise to 2 856 489 AF patients, with £1096 million of stroke healthcare and £731 million of healthcare related to bleeds for that year. If in 2040 patients are managed on an ABC pathway, this could prevent between 3724 and 18 622 strokes and between 5378 and 26 890 bleeds, and save between 16 131 and 80 653 lives depending on the proportion of patients managed on the pathway. This would equate to cost reductions of between £143.9 million and £719.6 million for the year.
CONCLUSION: We estimate that there will be a substantial healthcare burden in the UK NHS associated with AF, from strokes, bleeds, and mortality over the next decades. If patients are managed with a holistic or integrated care approach based on the ABC pathway, this could prevent strokes and bleeds that equate to substantial NHS healthcare cost reductions, and save lives.
This is an Observational, survey study. The survey is designed to be administered in two stages. In the first stage, patients who were prescribed Immediate-Released Methylphenidate (IR-MPH) for over 3 months, who are also on IR-MPH 1 month prior and who meet inclusion criteria will be enrolled. On survey day 1, the patients, parents/caregivers, and clinicians will assess patient drug compliance. For patients considered non-compliant, the Investigator will decide whether or not to change current medication. Those patients whose medication is changed from IR-MPH to another treatment for ADHD, will be enrolled into the second stage. On survey day 1, Clinical Global Impression (CGI) and the effects of the medication on sleep quality, decreased appetite, dizziness and or headache, and gastrointestinal upset will be assessed based on clinical interview. Any other side effects shown during medication treatment will be also recorded in the first stage. Parent/Caregivers will need to complete the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham (SNAP) Questionnaire which will evaluate the ADHD child's symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity and oppositional defiant disorder. In the second stage, those ADHD patients who meet the definition of non-compliance will be treated with other medications for over three weeks. On the first visit back after starting treatment with other medications, drug compliance, CGI, any change in negative parent-child interaction, overall classroom behavior, overall academic performance, the effects on sleep quality, decreased appetite, diziness and or headache, and gastrointestinal upset will be assessed by Investigator interview. Parent/Caregivers will need to complete SNAP Questionaire which will evaluate the ADHD child's symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity and oppositional defiant disorder. It is a survey type of study. No study drug has been used in the study.
This condition includes 4 weeks of at-home sleep tracking using the multi-sensor approach. Daily sleep diaries will also be collected to enable data quality check. Once collected, all data will be processed with the same machine learning algorithm used in the in-lab experimental condition.
Anemia is common among cancer patients and the treatment of choice is now Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents (ESAs). However, some patients do not respond to treatment. Thus, only 50-60% of patients with multiple myeloma or non-Hodgkin lymphoma respond to ESAs. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the predictive value of endogenous erythropoietin rate on the response to erythropoietin beta. First, by confirming the predictive value of endogenous erythropoietin observed / predicted ratio on this response. Then if it is confirmed by establishing the optimal value of this ratio.
Allergic diseases affect up to 40% of the global population with a substantial rise in food allergies, in particular, over the past decades. For the majority of individuals with allergy fundamental programming of a pro-allergic immune system largely occurs in early childhood where it is crucially governed by prenatal genetic and environmental factors, including their interactions. These factors include several genetic aberrations, such as filaggrin loss-of-function mutations, early exposure to respiratory syncytial virus, and various chemicals such as plasticizers, as well as the influence of the gut microbiome and numerous lifestyle circumstances. The effects of such a wide range of factors on allergic responses to an array of potential allergens is complex and the severity of these responses in a clinical setting are subsequently not easy to predict at the present time. However, some parameters which condition a pro-allergic immune response, including severe anaphylaxis, are becoming clearer. This review summarises what we currently know, and don't know, about the factors which influence developing pro-allergic immunity particularly during the early-life perinatal period.
DIACOMIT can cause somnolence. In controlled studies in patients with Dravet syndrome, the incidence of somnolence was 67% in DIACOMIT-treated patients, compared to 23% in patients on placebo. All patients in both groups were on concomitant clobazam, which is also known to cause somnolence. Co-administration of DIACOMIT with clobazam results in increased levels of clobazam and its active metabolite [see Drug Interactions (7.1)]. Other central nervous system CNS depressants, including alcohol, could potentiate the somnolence effect of DIACOMIT.

Prescribers should monitor patients for somnolence. If somnolence occurs during co-administration with clobazam, consider an initial reduction of clobazam by 25%. If somnolence persists, further clobazam reduction by an additional 25% should be considered, as should adjustment of the dosage of other concomitant anticonvulsant drugs with sedating properties. Prescribers should caution patients against engaging in hazardous activities requiring mental alertness, such as operating dangerous machinery or motor vehicles, until the effect of DIACOMIT on mental alertness is known.
In pregnant women with multiple infections, nutrient deficiencies, and inflammation (MINDI), the study of anemia and iron status is limited. For this cross-sectional study (n = 213 Panamanian indigenous women), we investigated if hemoglobin, anemia (Hb < 110 g/L), ferritin, serum iron, serum transferrin receptor, and hepcidin were associated with (1) maternal nutritional status and supplementation practices, (2) biomarkers of inflammation, and (3) presence/absence of infections. Hierarchical generalized linear and logistic regression models and dominance analyses identified the relative importance of these predictors. Anemia (38%), which was likely underestimated due to low plasma volume (95%), was associated with lower ferritin, vitamin A, and weight-for-height, suggesting anemia of undernutrition. Inflammation was not associated with Hb or anemia; nevertheless, higher CRP was associated with increased odds of low serum iron and higher ferritin and hepcidin, indicating iron restriction due to inflammation. The length of iron supplementation did not enter models for anemia or iron indicators, but a multiple nutrient supplement was associated with higher ferritin and hepcidin. Moreover, iron supplementation was associated with higher odds of vaginal trichomoniasis but lower odds of caries and bacterial vaginosis. The complex pathogenesis of anemia and iron deficiency in MINDI settings may require other interventions beyond iron supplementation.