anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Surgical specialties commonly using laparoscopic techniques like gynecology and general surgery have extensively compared the various available techniques of port insertion (1). There is very little known regarding the safest entry technique for the initial port in laparoscopic renal surgery. Results from other surgical specialties cannot simply be extrapolated to this type of laparoscopic surgery due to difference in entry site and patient position with renal surgery. Hence, this randomised controlled trial will be performed in a urological unit with two laparoscopic renal surgeons to compare two commonly used techniques of initial trocar insertion: the closed method and the open method.

Background Since its introduction in 1991 by Clayman, laparoscopic renal surgery has become very popular and is widely used for both benign and malignant renal operations such as radical, simple and partial nephrectomies, pyeloplasties, nephro-ureterectomies (2). The overall reported major and minor complication rate of laparoscopic renal surgery is 9.5% and 1.9% respectively (2). Initial entry by trocar insertion is the most hazardous part of the laparoscopic procedure. Opinion regarding the safest entry technique is divided. The two most commonly used techniques of port entry include open and closed (3). An open technique, as first described by Hasson, involves the peritoneum being cut down, followed by the insertion of a blunt trocar under direct visualisation, gas insufflation, and insertion of the laparoscope. One of the closed technique involves the insertion of a Veress needle (a needle equipped with a spring-loaded obturator) into the peritoneal cavity, followed by gas insufflation (act of blowing) and insertion of a trocar (a sharp, pointed instrument with a cannula used to enter the body cavity). Finally the laparoscope is passed through the trocar once the obturator is removed. Previous meta-analyses in laparoscopic surgery from gynaecological and general surgical operations have not been able to support one technique over the other due to insufficient evidence.to our knowledge (3), there are no randomised controlled trials comparing these two techniques in laparoscopic renal surgery. During laparoscopic renal surgery, the patient is placed in a lateral flank position with the table flexed. The initial port of entry can be either at the umbilicus or lateral to it. This position is unique to urological surgery and hence can have different implications to the initial trocar insertion technique.

The objective is to compare the open method (Hasson) and closed method (Veress) of laparoscopic port site entry in renal surgery
The present invention generally relates to compositions, including liquid compositions, for the delivery of pharmaceutical agents and other beneficial substances, e.g., in various forms, including but not limited to a liquid, patch, cream, lotion, or gel. For example, some aspects of the present invention are generally directed to formulations comprising deep eutectic solvents. In some cases, such formulations may exhibit surprisingly low melting points, for example, such that the formulations are liquid at ambient temperatures. Such formulations, in some cases, may be useful for facilitating absorption of pharmaceutical agents or beneficial substances that are poorly soluble in water. Also, in certain embodiments, such formulations may be substantially free of water, which some pharmaceutical agents, such as aspirin, can be sensitive to. In addition, in some cases, the formulations can be present in various delivery vehicles, such as patches, creams, lotions, gels, and the like. Such formulations, in some cases, may be useful for containing pharmaceutical agents or beneficial substances that are poorly soluble in water, or are sensitive to water, etc. Accordingly, such formulations may be liquid without necessarily being aqueous, and accordingly can be administered to a subject orally, in liquid form. Other aspects are generally directed to methods of making such compositions, methods of using such compositions, kits including such compositions, etc.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe medical condition that can lead to illness and death. A disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) protein family is a potential treatment target for AKI due to its involvement in inflammation, growth, and differentiation. While ADAM10 and ADAM17 have been identified as significant contributors to inflammation, it is unclear whether they play a critical role in AKI. In this study, we induced AKI in male and female mice using lipopolysaccharide, a bacterial endotoxin that causes inflammation and oxidative stress. The role of kaempferol, which is found in many natural products and known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in many pre-clinical studies, was investigated through ADAM10/17 enzymes in AKI. We also investigated the efficacy of a selective synthetic inhibitor named GW280264X for ADAM10/17 inhibition in AKI. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were measured in serum, while tumor necrosis factor-α, vascular adhesion molecule, interleukin (IL)-1β, glucose regulatory protein-78, IL-10, nuclear factor κ-B, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, total thiol, ADAM10, and ADAM17 levels were measured in kidney tissue. We also evaluated kidney tissue histologically using hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-schiff, and caspase-3 staining. This research demonstrates that GW280264X and kaempferol reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, as evidenced by biochemical and histopathological results in AKI through ADAM10/17 inhibition. These findings suggest that inhibiting ADAM10/17 may be a promising therapeutic approach for treating acute kidney injury.
Patients receive SB-715992 IV over 1 hour on day 1. Courses repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
BACKGROUND: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been proposed as a new term for diagnosing fatty liver disease, which is considered to be a multi-systemic disease with multiple extrahepatic manifestations, including sarcopenia. The link between sarcopenia and MAFLD remains uncertain, especially among young and middle-aged adults. Thus, we examined the relationship between MAFLD and sarcopenia in young and middle-aged individuals in this study.
METHODS: A total of 2214 individuals with laboratory tests, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and ultrasound transient elastography from NHANES 2017-2018 were selected for this study. MAFLD was diagnosed as fatty liver disease with any one of the situations: overweight/obesity, diabetes mellitus, presence of metabolic dysregulation. Sarcopenia was defined by appendicular lean mass adjusted for body mass index (BMI). Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) model were applied to explore the relationship between MAFLD and sarcopenia, and the mediation analyses were also conducted. Moreover, subgroup analyses stratified by BMI and lifestyles were done.
RESULTS: The prevalence of MAFLD was 47.85%, and nearly 8.05% of participants had sarcopenia. The prevalence of sarcopenia was higher in participants with MAFLD (12.75%; 95% CI 10.18-15.31%) than in the non-MAFLD (3.73%; 95% CI 2.16-5.31%). MAFLD was significantly positively associated with sarcopenia after adjustments [OR = 2.87 (95% CI: 1.62-5.09)]. Moreover, significant positive associations were observed between liver fibrosis and sarcopenia prevalence in MAFLD patients (OR = 2.16; 95% CI 1.13-4.15). The RCS curve revealed that MAFLD was linearly associated with sarcopenia. The relationship between the MAFLD and sarcopenia were mediated by C-reactive protein (mediation proportion: 15.9%) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mediation proportion: 18.9%). Subgroup analyses confirmed the association between MAFLD and sarcopenia differed in different lifestyle groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Both MAFLD prevalence and severity was significantly associated with sarcopenia. Thus, clinicians should advise comorbidity screening and lifestyle changes to young and middle-aged patients.
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) causes severe visual impairment. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), soluble CD59 (sCD59), and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFLT-1) are potential therapeutic agents for nAMD, which target angiogenesis and the complement system. Using the AAV2/8 vector, two bi-target gene therapy agents, AAV2/8-PEDF-P2A-sCD59 and AAV2/8-sFLT-1-P2A-sCD59, were generated, and their therapeutic efficacy was investigated in laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and Vldlr-/- mouse models. After a single injection, AAV2/8-mediated gene expression was maintained at high levels in the retina for two months. Both AAV2/8-PEDF-P2A-sCD59 and AAV2/8-sFLT-1-P2A-sCD59 significantly reduced CNV development for an extended period without side effects and provided efficacy similar to two injections of current anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monotherapy. Mechanistically, these agents suppressed the extracellular signal-regulated kinase and nuclear factor-κB pathways, resulting in anti-angiogenic activity. This study demonstrated the safety and long-lasting effects of AAV2/8-PEDF-P2A-sCD59 and AAV2/8-sFLT-1-P2A-sCD59 in CNV treatment, providing a promising therapeutic strategy for nAMD.
The colon cleansing efficacy of SUFLAVE was evaluated in two randomized, single-blind, active-controlled, multicenter trials (Study 1 and Study 2). These trials included adult patients undergoing colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening and surveillance, or diagnostic colonoscopy, including patients with abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation and non-severe inflammatory bowel disease.

In Study 1 ( NCT04446299), 471 adult patients were included in the efficacy analysis. Patients ranged in age from 20 to 84 years (median age 58 years) and 54% were female. The racial distribution was 70% White, 27% African-American, 2% Asian, and 1% American Indian or Alaska Native. The population was 8% Hispanic or Latino. Patients were randomized to one of the following two colon preparation regimens: SUFLAVE or polyethylene glycol 3350, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, ascorbic acid and sodium ascorbate for oral solution. Both preparations were administered according to a split-dose regimen [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2)] . Patients receiving SUFLAVE were limited to a low residue breakfast followed by clear liquids on the day prior to the colonoscopy; patients receiving the comparator bowel prep were allowed to have a normal breakfast and a light lunch, followed by clear liquids and/or yogurt for dinner on the day prior to the colonoscopy. 

In Study 2 ( NCT04446312), 450 adult patients were included in the efficacy analysis. Patients ranged in age from 18 to 80 years (median age 57 years) and 58% were female. The racial distribution was 85% White, 10% African-American, 3% Asian, and < 1% American Indian or Alaska Native. The population was 21% Hispanic or Latino. Patients were randomized to one of the following two colon preparation regimens: SUFLAVE or sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate oral solution. Both preparations were administered according to a split-dose regimen [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2)] . Patients receiving SUFLAVE were limited to a low residue breakfast followed by clear liquids on the day prior to the colonoscopy; patients receiving the comparator bowel prep were allowed a light breakfast followed by clear liquids on the day prior to the colonoscopy. 

The primary efficacy endpoint in each trial was the proportion of patients with successful colon cleansing, as assessed by the blinded colonoscopist utilizing the four-point scale described in Table 4. Success was defined as an overall cleansing assessment of 3 (Good) or 4 (Excellent).

Results for the primary endpoint in Studies 1 and 2 are shown in Table 5. In both trials, SUFLAVE was non-inferior to the active comparator.
INTRODUCTION: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a rare and diverse group of tumors. Curative options are limited to localized disease, with surgery being the mainstay. Advanced stages are associated with a poor prognosis. Currently, the prognosis of the patient is based on histological classification and clinical characteristics, with only a few biomarkers having entered clinical practice.
AREAS COVERED: This article covers extensive recent research that has established novel potential biomarkers based on genomics, proteomics, and clinical characteristics. Validating and incorporating these biomarkers into clinical practice can improve prognosis, prediction of recurrence, and treatment response. Relevant literature was collected from PubMed, Scopus, and clinicaltrials.gov databases (November 2023).
EXPERT OPINION: Currently, defining prognostic markers in soft tissue sarcomas remains challenging. More studies are required, especially to personalize treatment through advanced genetic profiling and analysis using individual tumor and patient characteristics.
Ras‑related protein 25 (Rab25) is a member of small GTPase and is implicated in cancer cell progression of various types of cancer. Growing evidence suggests the context‑dependent role of Rab25 in cancer invasiveness. Claudin‑7 is a tight junction protein and has been known to suppress cancer cell invasion. Although Rab25 was reported to repress cancer aggressiveness through recycling β1 integrin to the plasma membrane, the detailed underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. The present study identified the critical role of claudin‑7 in Rab25‑induced suppression of colon cancer invasion. 3D Matrigel system and modified Boyden chamber analysis showed that enforced expression of Rab25 attenuated colon cancer cell invasion. In addition, Rab25 inactivated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and increased E‑cadherin expression. Unexpectedly, it was observed that Rab25 induces claudin‑7 expression through protein stabilization. In addition, ectopic claudin‑7 expression reduced EGFR activity and Snail expression as well as colon cancer cell invasion. However, silencing of claudin‑7 expression reversed the tumor suppressive role of Rab25, thereby increasing colon cancer cell invasiveness. Collectively, the present data indicated that Rab25 inactivates EGFR and colon cancer cell invasion by upregulating claudin‑7 expression.
The invention belongs to the traditional Chinese medicine preparation field, and more specifically relates to traditional Chinese medicine eye drops which alleviate the eyestrain and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine eye drops include the following medicine components, by weight, 20-30 parts of caulis dendrobii, 20-30 parts of crabgrass, 5-10 parts of fructus lycii, 20-30 parts of cassia seed, 20-30 parts of folium ginkgo, 3-5 parts of radix et rhizoma glycyrrhizae, 5-10 parts of honeysuckle flower, 5-10 parts of herba menthae, 3-5 parts of rehmanniae radix, 3-5 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 20-30 parts of chrysanthemum, 10-15 parts of rhizoma chuanxiong, 0.1-1 part of vitamin B1, and 0.1-1 part of vitamin E. The eye drops are prepared by a modern advanced medicine pharmaceutical technology and have the effects of clearing heat and purging fire, resolving tetany and removing eye opacity, and nourishing the liver and improving eyesight. The eye drops are used for treating diminution of vision and pseudomyopia of teenagers, and alleviating the eye visual fatigue and conjunctiva congestion and eye itch caused by the eyestrain. The selected medicinal materials are compatible. The curative effect is obvious. The safety performance is high without side-effect. The cost is low. It is worth to widely popularize and apply the traditional Chinese medicine eye drops which alleviate the eyestrain.
The present invention relates to shellfish skin care cosmetics which belongs to the technical field of skin care cosmetics. The shellfish skin care cosmetics are designed in order to solve problems that a raw material containing isoflavone, saponin and various kinds of amino acid is added in the skin care cosmetics, and trophism, functionality and nature are high. The shellfish skin care cosmetics are composed of stearic acid, glyceryl monostearate, octadecy l alcohol, butyl stearate, propylene glycol, shellfish micro powder or shellfish extract, potassium hydroxide, distilled water, essence and preservative. The present invention has the preparation method that 10% of stearic acid, 2% of glyceryl monostearate, 4% of octadecy l alcohol and 6% of butyl stearate are taken to form a first component, 10% of propylene glycol, 2% of shellfish micro powder or shellfish extract, 0.2% of potassium hydroxide and 64.8% of distilled water are taken to form a second component, and 1% of essence and 0.05% of preservative are taken to form a third component. The first component and the second component are respectively heated to 90 DEG C, are mixed, stirred and cooled to 40 DEG C, are added in the third component and are stirred and cooled to 30 DEG C to complete preparation. The product can promote the metabolism of skin and delay aging, so the skin is fine, tender and smooth, and sources of raw materials of shellfish micro powder or shellfish extract are rich. The present invention has the advantages of no toxicity, no harm and simple processing technique.
Lessons for the comparison group will be 30-min. long using the ALL app with a known service provider. Lessons will include systematic instruction with sight words. The child will also complete 100 lessons.No phonics instruction will be provided to this group through the ALL app.
Participants who received etrolizumab during the Induction Phase (from Cohorts 1-3) and achieved a CDAI-70 response at Week 14 without the use of rescue therapy will be re-randomized into the Maintenance Phase. Etrolizumab responders from induction who are re-randomized to this arm will receive blinded maintenance treatment with an SC injection of placebo q4w from Week 16 to Week 64.
Subjects with normal renal function. eGFR (by MDRD equation) range ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 as determined at Screening.
The intervention consists in placebo or sham tRNS stimulation electrode are above F3 and F4. Voltage will be ramped at the begin and end of a stimulation for 30 seconds. Placebo stimulation will consist of just applying the ramps at the begin and end of the stimulation.
Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 contributes to be the induction of neuroinflammation by recognizing pathology-associated ligands and activating microglia. In addition, numerous physiological signaling factors act as agonists or antagonists of TLR4 expressed by non-immune cells. Recently, TLR4 was found to be highly expressed in cerebellar Purkinje neurons (PNs) and involved in the maintenance of motor coordination through non-immune pathways, but the precise mechanisms remain unclear. Here we report that mice with PN specific TLR4 deletion (TLR4PKO mice) exhibited motor impairments consistent with cerebellar ataxia, reduced PN dendritic arborization and spine density, fewer parallel fiber (PF) - PN and climbing fiber (CF) - PN synapses, reduced BK channel expression, and impaired BK-mediated after-hyperpolarization, collectively leading to abnormal PN firing. Moreover, the impaired PN firing in TLR4PKO mice could be rescued with BK channel opener. The PNs of TLR4PKO mice also exhibited abnormal mitochondrial structure, disrupted mitochondrial endoplasmic reticulum tethering, and reduced cytosolic calcium, changes that may underly abnormal PN firing and ultimately drive ataxia. These results identify a previously unknown role for TLR4 in regulating PN firing and maintaining cerebellar function.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa can survive in a myriad of environments, partially due to modifications of its lipid A, the membrane anchor of lipopolysaccharide. We previously demonstrated that divergent late acyltransferase paralogs, HtrB1 and HtrB2, add acyloxyacyl laurate to lipid A 2- and 2'-acyl chains, respectively. The genome of P. aeruginosa also has genes which encode two dioxygenase enzymes, LpxO1 and LpxO2, that individually hydroxylate a specific secondary laurate. LpxO1 acts on the 2'-acyloxyacyl laurate (added by HtrB2), whereas LpxO2 acts on the 2-acyloxyacyl laurate (added by HtrB1) in a site-specific manner. Furthermore, while both enzyme pairs are evolutionarily linked, phylogenomic analysis suggests the LpxO1/HtrB2 enzyme pair as being of ancestral origin, present throughout the Pseudomonas lineage, whereas the LpxO2/HtrB1 enzyme pair likely arose via horizontal gene transfer and has been retained in P. aeruginosa over time. Using a murine pulmonary infection model, we showed that both LpxO1 and LpxO2 enzymes are functional in vivo, as direct analysis of in vivo lipid A structure from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid revealed 2-hydroxylated lipid A. Gene expression analysis reveals increased lpxO2 but unchanged lpxO1 expression in vivo, suggesting differential regulation of these enzymes during infection. We also demonstrate that loss-of-function mutations arise in lpxO1 and lpxO2 during chronic lung infection in people with cystic fibrosis (CF), indicating a potential role for pathogenesis and airway adaptation. Collectively, our study characterizes lipid A 2-hydroxylation during P. aeruginosa airway infection that is regulated by two distinct lipid A dioxygenase enzymes.IMPORTANCEPseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes severe infection in hospitalized and chronically ill individuals. During infection, P. aeruginosa undergoes adaptive changes to evade host defenses and therapeutic interventions, increasing mortality and morbidity. Lipid A structural alteration is one such change that P. aeruginosa isolates undergo during chronic lung infection in CF. Investigating genetic drivers of this lipid A structural variation is crucial in understanding P. aeruginosa adaptation during infection. Here, we describe two lipid A dioxygenases with acyl-chain site specificity, each with different evolutionary origins. Further, we show that loss of function in these enzymes occurs in CF clinical isolates, suggesting a potential pathoadaptive phenotype. Studying these bacterial adaptations provides insight into selection pressures of the CF airway on P. aeruginosa phenotypes that persist during chronic infection. Understanding these adaptive changes may ultimately provide clinicians better control over bacterial populations during chronic infection.
If inflammation or pain persists longer than 48 hours or becomes aggravated, the patient should be advised to discontinue use of the medication and consult a physician.

This product is sterile when packaged. To prevent contamination, care should be taken to avoid touching the tube tip to eyelids or to any other surface. The use of this tube by more than one person may spread infection. Keep tube tightly closed when not in use. Keep out of reach of children.

Patients should be advised that their vision may be temporarily blurred following dosing with MAXITROL (neomycin and polymyxin B sulfates and dexamethasone ophthalmic ointment). Care should be exercised in operating machinery or driving a motor vehicle.