anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
AIMS: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA)-related inflammation (CAA-RI) is a potentially reversible manifestation of CAA, histopathologically characterised by transmural and/or perivascular inflammatory infiltrates. We aimed to identify clinical, radiological and laboratory variables capable of improving or supporting the diagnosis of or predicting/influencing the prognosis of CAA-RI and to retrospectively evaluate different therapeutic approaches.
METHODS: We present clinical and neuroradiological observations in seven unpublished CAA-RI cases, including neuropathological findings in two definite cases. These cases were included in a systematic analysis of probable/definite CAA-RI cases published in the literature up to 31 December 2021. Descriptive and associative analyses were performed, including a set of clinical, radiological and laboratory variables to predict short-term, 6-month and 1-year outcomes and mortality, first on definite and second on an expanded probable/definite CAA-RI cohort.
RESULTS: Data on 205 definite and 100 probable cases were analysed. CAA-RI had a younger symptomatic onset than non-inflammatory CAA, without sex preference. Transmural histology was more likely to be associated with the co-localisation of microbleeds with confluent white matter hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Incorporating leptomeningeal enhancement and/or sulcal non-nulling on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) enhanced the sensitivity of the criteria. Cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis was associated with a decreased probability of clinical improvement and longer term positive outcomes. Future lobar haemorrhage was associated with adverse outcomes, including mortality. Immunosuppression was associated with short-term improvement, with less clear effects on long-term outcomes. The superiority of high-dose over low-dose corticosteroids was not established.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest retrospective associative analysis of published CAA-RI cases and the first to include an expanded probable/definite cohort to identify diagnostic/prognostic markers. We propose points for further crystallisation of the criteria and directions for future prospective studies.
Disclosed by the present invention are a hypotonic lipolytic composition and a producing method thereof. The hypotonic lipolytic composition includes deoxycholic acid, hyaluronidase, etc. in hypotonic solution consisting of distilled water and sodium chloride. By the above, the present invention: reduces the occurrence of an injection site consolidation phenomenon by an independent use of deoxycholic acid; reduces side effects such as nerve paralysis, muscle atrophy, and bone atrophy by reducing effects on cells containing other fat components other than fat cells such as neurons, muscle cells, bone cells, etc. compared to the independent use of deoxycholic acid; reduces adverse effects such as edema, swelling, erythema, pain, etc.; increases the efficiency of fat cell destruction by a composite use with hyaluronidase based on hypotonic solution; and can be used as an agent for reducing fat accumulated locally by intracutaneous administration.
Patients randomized to the control group will have baseline pain score, opioid medication use, and patient reported outcomes 4-6 weeks prior to elective thoracolumbar, lumbar, or lumbosacral spinal fusion surgery. They will receive no recommendation or guidance in their preoperative opioid pain medication use, but will received weekly phone calls from a study coordinator assessing their preoperative pain scores. After surgery, they will receive 6 weekly phone calls from the coordinator, to assess their postoperative opioid medication use and pain scores. At the 6th week phone call, and 3 month and 6 month clinic postoperative clinic visits, they will also repeat patient reported outcome measures.
Effects of Armodafinil Tablets on CYP3A4/5 Substrates: The clearance of drugs that are substrates for CYP3A4/5 (e.g., steroidal contraceptives, cyclosporine, midazolam, and triazolam) may be increased by armodafinil tablets via induction of metabolic enzymes, which results in lower systemic exposure. Dosage adjustment of these drugs should be considered when these drugs are used concomitantly with armodafinil tablets [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. 

The effectiveness of steroidal contraceptives may be reduced when used with armodafinil tablets and for one month after discontinuation of therapy. Alternative or concomitant methods of contraception are recommended for patients taking steroidal contraceptives (e.g., ethinyl estradiol) when treated concomitantly with armodafinil tablets and for one month after discontinuation of armodafinil tablet treatment. 

Blood levels of cyclosporine may be reduced when used with armodafinil tablets. Monitoring of circulating cyclosporine concentrations and appropriate dosage adjustment for cyclosporine should be considered when used concomitantly with armodafinil tablets. 

Effects of Armodafinil Tablets on CYP2C19 Substrates: Elimination of drugs that are substrates for CYP2C19 (e.g., phenytoin, diazepam, propranolol, omeprazole, and clomipramine) may be prolonged by armodafinil tablets via inhibition of metabolic enzymes, with resultant higher systemic exposure. Dose reduction of these drugs may be required when these drugs are used concomitantly with armodafinil tablets. 

Warfarin:More frequent monitoring of prothrombin times/INR should be considered whenever armodafinil tablets are coadministered with warfarin [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. 

Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Inhibitors:Caution should be used when concomitantly administering MAO inhibitors and armodafinil tablets.
Participants in this group will use a mobile app designed to deliver cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) techniques over a 3-month period. The app provides 12 weekly tasks aimed at reducing emotional distress and depressive symptoms. Tasks include exercises on emotional regulation, coping strategies, and mindfulness. Progress is tracked via the app, and participants will complete the PHQ-9 and GHQ-12 questionnaires at the start and end of the intervention.
The invention discloses a peparation method of a traditional Chinese medicine lotion for treating a red urine-type bedsore, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine preparation methods. The existing red urine-type bedsore treatment methods generally adopt sulfanilamides and antibiotics and thus the defect of large toxic and side effects exists. The preparation method adopts traditional Chinese medicines of cucurbita pepo, red bean, seed of peppertree pricklyash, corn silk, calabash gourd, commelina communis, herba polygoni avicularis, lilac pink herb, akebia stem, ricepaperplant pith, juncus effuses, creeping oxalis, rhamnus davurica, veronicastrum axillare, daghestan sweetclover herb, coffee senna seed, common alstonia bark or leaf, butterflybush flower, mung bean, dandelion, red-spotted stonecrop, thalictrum simplex L. var. brevipes hara, fruticose breynia juvenile branchlet and leaf, smallleaf desmodium herb, alkekengi, Chinese twinleaf rhizome, uniflower swisscentaury root, olive, drymogolssum carnosum hook, creeping rostellularia herb, gamboge, potentilla discolor, lophatherum gracile and licorice. The preparation method comprises the following stepsof putting the traditional Chinese medicines into water for immersion, decocting by slow fire, and filtering to remove dregs and to obtain medicine soup, wherein the medicine soup obtained by decoction is the traditional Chinese medicine for treating a red urine-type bedsore. The traditional Chinese medicine for treating a red urine-type bedsore has the advantages of small toxic and side effects, short treatment course, high cure rate, and no adverse effect, anaphylaxis and toxicity, wherein the adverse effect, the anaphylaxis and the toxicity are usually produced by western medicines.
Chronic pain in sickle cell disease (SCD) is a major health problem. Because of the high pain burden associated with SCD and the existing health disparities in comprehensive pain management, non-pharmacological, home-based strategies are urgently needed to help manage chronic pain. In this study, the investigators will use a single-site, 8-week, randomized clinical trial (with follow-up at 12 weeks) to evaluate a home-based, pain self-management program for chronic pain in Black adults with SCD. Study participants will be identified from the group of patients with chronic pain who receive care in the SCD clinic of the Georgia Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center at Grady Memorial Hospital (Grady) in Atlanta, Georgia. Patients may be recommended by the Center's staff or may self-identify in response to study flyers posted in the Center, health facilities or community-based organizations in surrounding areas, or on social media. Recruitment and consent will take place in a private area of the SCD clinic, the research center in the Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing at Emory University, or remotely if necessary. Consent may also occur remotely if necessary.

After enrollment, in-person study activities will take place in the SCD clinic or the research center while remote study activities will take place in participants' homes on their own time. Participants will complete questionnaires and a pain diary, use the pain management program at home (delivered with a virtual reality device or audio only on SoundCloud), and complete a qualitative interview or focus group session. Compensation will be provided after completion of each of these study activities. During the study, subjects will continue their standard pain management routine, including any pain medications, as prescribed by their healthcare provider.

This research will advance both scientific knowledge and human health by focusing on addressing unmet needs for an underserved population. This study is the first randomized clinical trial that investigates a virtual reality, home-based pain self-management program for chronic pain in adults with SCD. Therefore, this study represents the first essential step in developing a culturally-tailored, non-pharmacological, home-based, chronic pain self-management intervention specifically for Black adults with SCD that can be used along with standard SCD care.
To comparatively evaluate two state of the art vaporization techniques for transurethral prostatectomy, the Clarion Evolve Laser Vaporization System and the Olympus TURis Plasma Vaporization ("button" electrode) system. Both systems are approved for use by Health Canada for vaporization surgery of the prostate. Both techniques involve a vaporization ablation (laser and plasma mechanism respectively) of the prostate, rather than sequential excision (or cutting) of the prostate performed with our traditional TURP technique. Compared to a TURP, both of the two study techniques involve similar endoscopic access to the prostate, similar anesthetic requirements, similar post-operative catheterization but appear to differ in blood loss (less with vaporization techniques), hospital stay (inpatient stay for TURP compared to outpatient discharge for study techniques) and patient recovery (improved with proposed techniques).

The laser vaporization uses a dual wavelength (980 and 1470 nm) diode laser with a fibre that allows for contact vaporization ablation of the prostate. The hospital already uses a Clarion laser system for urinary stone lithotripsy. Clarion will provide the necessary equipment for this platform for the duration of the trial. The plasma vaporization uses a bipolar high frequency generator for vaporization and coagulation. The procedure is performed using a near-contact hovering technique and the tissue removal process is performed in a similar fashion as TURP. The hospital has recently purchased the Olympus platform and the extra equipment required for this study will be provided by Olympus for the study. These technology systems will be compared in a randomized single blinded controlled study in a "technology naive" hospital with "technology naive" surgeons. The primary outcome will be cost with satisfaction, efficacy, learning curve and safety as key outcomes.
Dosage form: intravenous. Dosage: not applicable. Frequency: once daily. Duration: 15 days (day -2 until day +12).
FIELD: medicine, surgery. SUBSTANCE: it is suggested to carry out intestinal intubation by using a nasointestinal probe. Then 400 ml of 0.03-% sodium hypochlorite solution is introduced. Exposure lasts for 10 min. Then aspiration of intestinal content is carried out. Such a procedure should be conducted 1-3 times daily for 2-4 d after operative interference. The present method combines both mechanical and electrochemical enterosorption. EFFECT: improved results of therapy.
In this paper, we investigated and evaluated various machine learning-based approaches for automatically detecting wheezing sounds. We conducted a comprehensive comparison of these proposed systems, assessing their classification performance through metrics such as Sensitivity, Specificity, and Accuracy. The main approach to developing a machine learning-based system for classifying respiratory sounds involved the combination of a technique for extracting features from an unknown input sound with a classification method to determine its belonging class. The characterization techniques used in this study are based on the cepstral analysis, which was extensively employed in the automatic speech recognition field. While MFCC (Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients) feature extraction methods are commonly used in respiratory sounds classification, our study introduces a novelty by employing GFCC (Gammatone-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients) and BFCC (Bark-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients) for this purpose. For the classification task, we employed two types of neural networks: the MLP (Multilayer Perceptron), a feedforward neural network, and a variant of the LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) recurrent neural network called BiLSTM (Bidirectional LSTM). The proposed classification systems are evaluated using a database consisting of 497 wheezing segments and 915 normal respiratory segments, which are recorded from individuals diagnosticated with asthma and individuals without any respiratory issues, respectively. The highest classification performance was achieved by the BFCC-BiLSTM model, which demonstrated an exceptional accuracy rate of 99.8%.
Participants will perform total body resistance training 3x per week for 10 weeks. Each exercise session will last approximately 1 hour.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Geographical variation existed in the incidences of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), but no national population-based study has evaluated the incidences of GBS in China. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of GBS in urban China and evaluate the worldwide variation in the incidence of GBS.
METHODS: Firstly, we did a population-based study to calculate the incidence of GBS in urban China based on the National Urban Medical Insurance database from 2013 to 2017. To identify GBS cases, natural language processing was used first for handling the lengthy and unstructured diagnostic information and then checked by prestigious neurologists. Secondly, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to analyze the incidence of GBS worldwide. Up to July 4, 2022, Medline, Embase, and Web of Science were retrieved to identify the population-based studies regarding the incidence of GBS. The basic information and the statistics regarding incidence were extracted. Quality assessment considered sample representativeness, condition assessment, and statistical methods.
RESULTS: A total of 1.44 billion person-years in insurance data was covered, with 3,534 GBS cases identified. The annual incidences of GBS in urban China between 2013 and 2017 ranged from 0.41 (95% CI: 0.27 to 0.58) to 0.58 (95% CI: 0.38 to 0.82) per 100,000 person-years. The incidence was the highest in Northwest China and the lowest in Northeast China. The meta-analysis included 122 articles. The quality assessment showed that the quality scores of 43.3% of studies were ≥ 0.75 (the total score is 1). The global incidence of GBS was 1.12 (95% CI: 0.98 to 1.27) per 100,000 person-years. The incidences in West Europe, South Asia, and North Europe were higher, while the incidences in Australia and New Zealand, Southeast Asia, and North Africa were lower. The incidence of enteric infections was positively associated with the incidence of GBS (coefficient=0.0000185, P=0.007). The incidence in Europe, Australia, and America rose significantly from 1960 to 2020 (coefficient=0.01, t=2.52, P=0.015).
DISCUSSION: There is a clear regional variation of the GBS incidence at both national and global levels. Careful control of enteric infections should be conducted to reduce the disease burden.
Minute capsules each having a solid or liquid nucleus enclosed by a seamless, rigid wall of hydrophobic, film-forming, polymeric material are prepared by establishing a system comprising a liquid vehicle constituting over 70% of the system and comprising a solvent for the polymeric material and a phase-separation-inducing solute and dispersed therein, particles of the nucleus material and the polymeric wall-forming material, the solvent being chosen so that the polymer is soluble therein at elevated temperatures and insoluble at a lower temperature.  The system is heated with agitation to a temperature at which the polymer dissolves, whereupon, the phase-separation-inducing solute causes a separate liquid phase of polymer and solvent to be formed which has a viscosity between 100 and 10,000 centipoises and which deposits on the core material particles.  Thereafter, the system is cooled with continued agitation to a temperature at which the liquid capsule walls give up the solvent to give the finished capsules which may be separated, washed and dried. Examples relate to the encapsulation of aspirin in ethyl cellulolose using cyclohexane as solvent and butyl rubber as phase-separation-inducing solute (optionally, acetic anhydride may be present to clear potentially toxic materials, e.g. salicylic and acetic acids, from the aspirin) and the same system using an aromatic-type petroleum solvent; reference is also made to the encapsulation of ammonium dichromate, acetyl p-amino phenol, amphetamine sulphate, aluminium aspirin, sodium bicarbonate, gelatin, cellulose acetate hydrogen phthalate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, mannitol, glyceryl guiacolate, dextro-methorphan hydrobromide, calcium gluconate and carboxymethyl cellulose. Other coating polymers mentioned are ethyl hydroxy ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone/vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymers, other solvents are n-hexane plasticized with monoacetylated glyceride, ligroin, methyl cyclohexane, toluene/cyclohexane, benzene and toluene. Polybutadiene is mentioned as an alternative phase-separation-inducing solute.ALSO:Microcapsules each having a solid or liquid nucleus enclosed by a seamless, rigid wall of hydrophobic, film-forming, polymeric material may contain as nucleus material a medicament, those specified being acetyl-p-aminophenol, amphetamine sulphate, aluminium aspirin, sodium bicarbonate, glyceyl guiacolate, calcium gluconate and dextromethorphan hydrobromide.  Specified film-forming materials are ethyl cellulose, ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone/vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymers.
The Study Investigators have a Trauma subspecialty within Orthopaedic Surgery. We take care of numerous patients with ununited or malunited fractures i.e., nonunion/malunion patients, as well as patients with chronic bone infections, and patients with infected nonunions. The literature is replete with articles documenting the negative effects of nicotine on fracture healing and chronic bone infection resolution.(5) Many of our chronic infection and nonunion/malunion patients use nicotine in some form. Most of these patients need additional elective surgery to attain fracture union and/or infection resolution. Thus, we are faced with the dilemma of adding an additional procedure to a patient with proven risk factors for nonunion and continued infection. Much time is spent in clinic counseling patients about smoking cessation, requisite for a successful surgical outcome. Since nicotine is extremely addictive, our efforts at helping our trauma patients relinquish tobacco are not always successful. Many of our patients need pharmacologic help with the goal of cessation, and we have been providing Chantix prescriptions to them. In addition to providing Chantix, we currently present to our patients, as standard of care, a requirement that smoking cessation is necessary prior to performing additional surgical procedures.

Chantix (generic name, varenicline)is a relatively new drug designed for helping with tobacco cessation. It has shown great promise for success since it both decreases cravings for nicotine (the highly addictive active ingredient in tobacco) and diminishes withdrawal symptoms of nicotine. This novel, dual approach works by binding to nicotinic receptors in the brain as a partial agonist, decreasing the pleasurable effects of cigarettes and other tobacco products. Once bound to these receptors, Chantix blocks actual nicotine. While blocking nicotine receptors, it also acts like a weak substitute for nicotine, decreasing symptoms of withdrawal. (2)

Our study will include 60 tobacco-using patients of all ages above 18 with osseous nonunion, malunion, established bone infection, or combined diagnoses.
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is one of the most important advances in the treatment of patients with heart failure (HF). This therapy, also known as biventricular pacing, utilizes pacemaker leads to synchronize the contraction of the walls within the left ventricle (LV) and the contraction of the left and right ventricles. Many randomized trials have conclusively demonstrated that CRT improves symptoms, LV structure and function, hospitalization rates, and survival in appropriately selected HF patients. Nonetheless, approximately 30% of CRT patients will be "non-responders" because they will not demonstrate the expected clinical and/or echocardiographic improvement following therapy. A critical component of assessing CRT efficacy during the optimization clinic will be the use of a novel method of body surface electrocardiographic mapping under development by Medtronic, called the ECG Vest. In this proposal, we describe a research study to assess the potential benefit of using the ECG Vest as part of a CRT optimization strategy on clinical and echocardiographic outcomes (heart size and function) of patients receiving standard clinical care in the UHVC CRT Optimization Clinic.
OBJECTIVE: This work investigates cortical thickness (CT) and gyrification patterns in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) before and after short-term weight restoration using graph theory tools.
METHODS: 38 female adolescents with AN underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging scans at baseline and after - on average - 3.5 months following short-term weight restoration while 53 age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were scanned once. Graph measures were compared between groups and longitudinally within the AN group. Associations with clinical measures such as age of onset, duration of illness, BMI standard deviation score (BMI-SDS), and longitudinal weight changes were tested via stepwise regression.
RESULTS: Cortical thickness graphs of patients with acute AN displayed lower modularity and small-world index (SWI) than HCs. Modularity recovered after weight gain. Reduced global efficiency and SWI were observed in patients at baseline compared to HCs based on gyrification networks. Significant associations between local clustering of CT at admission and BMI-SDS, and clustering/global efficiency of gyrification and duration of illness emerged.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate a shift towards less organised CT networks in patients with acute AN. After weight recovery, the disarrangement seems to be partially reduced. However, longer-term follow-ups are needed to determine whether cortical organizational patterns fully return to normal.