anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of a local policy change (i.e., the Minneapolis Staple Foods Ordinance) that establishes minimum stocking criteria for a wide array of healthy foods as a requirement of food store licensing. Recent calls to action from the Institute of Medicine, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and other authorities have identified improving access to healthy foods as a primary strategy for local governments to use in advancing obesity prevention efforts, but policy initiatives in this area have been limited. In this study, the impact of the Minneapolis Staple Foods Ordinance will be evaluated by assessing objectively measured changes in: (a) food environments among small- to mid-sized, urban food stores, including availability, promotion, advertising, quality, price, and placement of both healthy and unhealthy foods and beverages, (b) nutritional quality of consumer purchases at small food stores, including assessment of energy density and calories via customer intercept surveys and direct observation of purchases and (c) home food environments, including availability of healthy and unhealthy foods/beverages and an overall home food obesogenicity score, among households that frequently shop at small- to mid-sized stores. These changes will be assessed pre-policy implementation, as well as 4-, 12- and 24-months post-policy implementation, in two Minnesota cities: Minneapolis and St. Paul, (our control community). The proposed scope of work in this study is important because its takes advantage of a unique opportunity to evaluate an innovative local policy addressing a recommended action area for obesity prevention that aligns with key recommendations by leading obesity prevention authorities. To our knowledge, the Minneapolis Staple Food Ordinance is the only policy of its kind in the US, and as such it could serve as an important model policy for other local governments if it is successful.
BACKGROUND: For emergency department (ED) patients with syncope, cardiac troponin can identify acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and prognosticate for 30-day serious adverse events. However, it is unclear if serial testing improves diagnostic yield and prognostication.
METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of data from two prospective studies conducted to develop the Canadian Syncope Risk Score. Adults (age ≥ 16 years) with syncope were enrolled, and patient characteristics, vital signs, physician diagnostic impression, electrocardiogram and troponin results, and adjudicated 30-day serious adverse event were collected. The primary outcome was the detection of a serious adverse event within 30 days of ED disposition. The secondary outcome was comparison of ED length of stay among patients with single versus serial troponin measurements.
RESULTS: 4996 patients [mean age 64.5 (SD 18.8) years, 52.2% male] were included: 4397 (89.8%) with single troponin [232 (5.3%) with serious adverse event in the ED and 203 (4.6%) after ED disposition]; 499 (10.2%) patients with > 1 troponin measurement [39 (7.8%) with serious adverse event in ED and 60 (12.0%) after ED disposition]. Among those with serial measurements, 10 patients (2.0%) had a rise from below to above the 99th percentile threshold, of whom 4 patients (0.8%) suffered serious adverse event: two with arrhythmias diagnosed on electrocardiogram, one with ACS and one suffered respiratory failure. Nine patients (1.8%) had Canadian Syncope Risk Score risk reclassification based on serial measurement, and none suffered 30-day serious adverse event. Median ED length of stay was significantly longer for patients with serial testing (5.6 vs. 3.8 h, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The initial troponin measurement was sufficient for serious adverse event detection and in-ED risk stratification. Serial troponin testing does not improve the diagnostic yield or prognostication and should be reserved for patients with ongoing symptoms or electrocardiogram findings suggestive of cardiac ischemia.
Background: The basal ganglia-thalamocortical (BGTC) and cerebello-thalamocortical (CTC) networks are implicated in tremor genesis; however, exact contributions across disorders have not been studied. Objective: Evaluate the structural connectivity of BGTC and CTC in tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease (TDPD) and essential tremor plus (ETP) with the aid of probabilistic tractography and graph theory analysis. Methods: Structural connectomes of the BGTC and CTC were generated by probabilistic tractography for TDPD (n = 25), ETP (ET with rest tremor, n = 25), and healthy control (HC, n = 22). The Brain Connectivity Toolbox was used for computing standard topological graph measures of segregation, integration, and centrality. Tremor severity was ascertained using the Fahn-Tolosa-Marin tremor rating scale (FTMRS). Results: There was no difference in total FTMRS scores. Compared with HC, TDPD had a lower global efficiency and characteristic path length. Abnormality in segregation, integration, and centrality of bilateral putamen, globus pallidus externa (GPe), and GP interna (GPi), with reduction of centrality of right caudate and cerebellar lobule 8, was observed. ETP showed reduction in segregation and integration of right GPe and GPi, ventrolateral posterior nucleus, and centrality of right putamen, compared with HC. Differences between TDPD and ETP were a reduction of strength of the right putamen, and lower clustering coefficient, local efficiency, and strength of the left GPi in TDPD. Conclusions: Contrary to expectations, TDPD and ETP may not be significantly different with regard to tremor pathogenesis, with definite overlaps. There may be fundamental similarities in network disruption across different tremor disorders with the same tremor activation patterns, along with disease-specific changes.
The invention discloses a preparation method of an oral hydrolysis protein. Animal protein 20 to 50 weight account and vegetable protein 50 to 80 weight account are arranged in the reactor for mixing, adding three times amount of water, stirring uniformly, boiling, cooling, adding proteinase or pamcreatin, hydrolysis, so that the hydrolysis liquid is acquired; filtering, boiling the filtrate, refrigerating, leaching the supernatant, then the filtrate is depressurized and concentrated under 80 centigrade to the specific gravity 1.05 to 1.15, filtering, so that the hydrolysis protein concentration liquid is acquired; spray drying, and the white oral hydrolysis protein is acquired. The total nitrogen rate of the hydrolysis protein manufactured by the method of the invention is up to more than 12 percent, and the rate of return of the amino acid is up to more than 8 percent. The invention is used for the clinical medicine or the addition agent of nutritional food, has high nutrition, easy absorption and popularization. The invention is clinically used for hypoproteinemia, and dystrophia and malnutrition caused by various diseases, also used for burn, fracture and malunion of wound after operation. The invention has the advantages of obvious therapeutic effect, good taste, convenient take, big market requirement and significant economic benefit.
Subjects receiving 12 mg Proellex administered vaginally, and completing a PK arm consisting of 1 x 24 hr PK of Proellex, 14 days of daily Proellex trough measurements, and 1 x 24 hr PK of Proellex after 14 days of daily dosing. 12 mg PK subjects will continue with the protocol as written after the first 2 week period and will be treated for a total of 16 weeks.
In the early 1970s, Dr. B. B. Brodie, head of the Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, National Heart Institute, National Institutes of Health, initiated a program to elucidate the mechanism of hepatic necrosis induced in rats by bromobenzene. These studies showed a crucial role for its 3,4-epoxide intermediate, known in part, to collapse to 4-bromophenol. To examine a possible contribution of this phenol to tissue toxicity, some rats were coadministered a high dose of acetaminophen to suppress phenolic clearance by glucuronidation and sulfation. Subsequent examination of liver slices showed that the acetaminophen-only control rats had extensive centrilobular liver necrosis. This article is a personal reminiscence of the events that led up to this accidental observation, how it happened, and the subsequent resolution of the underlying mechanism, including the covalent binding of NAPQI to liver protein as the initial "hit," the glutathione protective threshold, the antidotal activity of cysteine, and the existence of the "therapeutic window" for antidotal therapy. Collectively, these studies formed the basis for antidotal therapy of acetaminophen overdose patients. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Studies in the early 1970s extended Dr. B. Brodie's "Reactive Metabolites as a Cause of Tissue Injury" concept to explain the initial events leading to fulminant hepatic necrosis seen after overdoses of acetaminophen. This article, written by one of the key contributors, is a reminiscence of how the studies originated, how they were developed, and their significance for therapy.
The application discloses a composition and method for an oral dual controlled release formulation of a protein and absorption modifier. The coprecipitation technique for preparation of microcapsules of insulin as a model protein was evaluated and dissolution stability experiments in the presence of trypsin and α-chymotrypsin using chicken and duck ovomucoids as absorption modifiers were performed. The novel formulation improves the bioavailability of the protein with ovomucoids, while conserving the protein structure even after formulation and processing. An optimization design was used to evaluate critical process variables including the rate of addition of polymeric solution, compression pressure, and volume of water with respect to polymeric solution. The novel formulation incorporates controlled release characteristics of both protein and inhibitor to enhance protein stability and bioavailability with less potential for inhibitor concentration-related toxicity. The novel formulation utilizes an aqueous polymer having a pH sensitive solubility for targeted protein release.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine formula and a method used for treating kidney meridian and liver meridian organization combined diseases. The traditional Chinese medicine comprises components of: 2g of Huai chrysanthemum, 3g of common russianthistle herb, 3g of sunflower receptacle, 3g of willow bud, 3g of Chinese wolfberry root-bark, 2g of Japanese clubmoss herb, 2g of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 2g of pine nodular branch, 2g of obscured homalomena rhizome, 2g of Chinese photinia leaf, 3g of swordlike atractylodes rhizome, 3g of polygoni orientalis, 3g of sensitiveplant-like senna herb, 3g of cinnamomum cassia, 3g of aspongopus chinensis dallas, 3g of suberect spatholobus stem, 3g of drynariae baronii, 2g of kelp, 2g of magnet, 2g of tuber fleeceflower stem and leaf, 2g of hairy antler pilose antler, 2g of semen allii tuberose, 3g of prepared rehmannia root, and 3g of mulberry. Selected acupoints comprise: Yongquan, Shuiquan, Zhongfeng, Zhongdu, Zhubing, Yingu, Yinbao, Zuwuli, Siman, Zhongzhu, Zhangmen, Qimen, Shencang, Yuzhong, and Yufu. Auxiliary apparatuses comprise a foreign matter discharging bucket, a medicine introducing bucket, an auxiliary bucket, an ozone generator, a foreign matter discharging ultrasonic wave generator, and the like. Auxiliary articles comprise purified water, Huai chrysanthemum, and common macrocarpium fruit. The medicine and the method can be used for treating kidney meridian and liver meridian organization combined diseases, and can be used clinically.
Granuloma annulare; is a non-infectious, granulomatous skin reaction with potential triggers that can affect the adult and pediatric age group. Diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and malignancy have been described in association with adult granuloma annulare cases. While there are studies on the clinical, pathological features and associated diseases in patients with adult granuloma annulare, a limited number of studies have been conducted on pediatric granuloma annulare patients. Therefore, clinical and histopathological evaluation of pediatric granuloma annulare cases was planned in our study.

This study was performed retrospectively in a single-center tertiary dermatology hospital. Patients under the age of 18 who were admitted to the dermatology outpatient clinic between 2008-2021 and diagnosed with granuloma annulare were scanned from the hospital database and patient photograph archive. Cases with uncertain diagnosis were not included in the study. Cases with dermatological findings recorded in detail and/or diagnosed histopathologically were included in the study. Demographic features, lesion localization, lesion characteristics (size, elementary lesion, color), involvement (localized/generalized), histopathological features, concomitant diseases, differential diagnoses in cases with histopathology, regression time and recommended treatments were recorded.
The overarching purpose of this study is to assess the impact of CA interventions on posttraumatic stress symptoms in veterans with PTSD. Twenty percent of the approximately 2 million veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan ("Operation Iraqi Freedom" or OIF and "Operation Enduring Freedom" or OEF) suffer from the symptoms of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. PTSD may be the reason behind alarming increases in suicidal behavior among returning veterans in Wisconsin and nation-wide. In addition to traditional treatments, Veterans Administration (VA) Hospitals and other community institutions for veterans now offer CA programs to their patients. Past research from our laboratory and others suggests that CA programs may provide effective relief from anxiety while increasing psychological well-being. However, little research exists on the effects of CA programs for combat veterans with PTSD. The proposed study aims to address this important gap by assessing CA programs such as Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY) and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR). 150 veterans with PTSD will be randomly assigned to either SKY, MBSR, or the wait-list control (WLC) group. We will assess participants' PTSD symptoms pre-intervention, post-intervention (approximately 10-14 days after initial visit), and 1 month post-treatment (approximately 6 weeks after initial visit). In order to evaluate the programs' effects as comprehensively as possible, we propose a multi-method approach: baseline psychophysiology, autonomic reactivity and recovery, neuropsychological (cognitive) assessments, self-report questionnaires, and functional brain imaging (fMRI). Baseline measures will be collected from a group of 50 combat-exposed veterans without PTSD to assess group differences on these measures prior to treatment.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Genome-wide association studies have reported the association of common variants with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in genes, namely, PNPLA3/TM6SF2/MBOAT7/HSD17B13, across ethnicities. However, the approach does not identify rarer variants with a higher effect size. We therefore sequenced the complete exonic regions of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and controls to compare rare and common variants with a role in the pathogenesis.
METHODS: This is a prospective study that recruited 54 individuals with/without fatty infiltration. Patients with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and persistently elevated liver enzymes were included. Controls were with normal CT/MR fat fraction. DNA was isolated from whole blood, amplified (SureSelectXT Human All Exon V5 + UTR kit) and sequenced (Illumina). Data were filtered for quality, aligned (hg19), and annotated (OpenCRAVAT). Pathogenic (Polyphen-2/SIFT/ClinVar) variants and variants reported to be associated with NAFLD based on published literature were extracted from our data and compared between patients and controls.
RESULTS: The mean age of controls (N = 17) and patients (N = 37) was 46.88 ± 6.94 and 37.46 ± 13.34 years, respectively. A total of 251 missense variants out of 89 286 were classified as pathogenic. Of these, 106 (42.23%) were unique to the patients and remaining (n = 145; 57.77%) were found in both patients and controls. Majority (25/37; 67.57%) patients had a minimum of one or more rare pathogenic variant(s) related to liver pathology that was not seen in the controls.
CONCLUSION: Elucidating the contribution of rare pathogenic variants would enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis. Including the rarer genes in the polygenic risk scores would enhance prediction power.
Disclosed is a process for preparing a powder comprising the steps of(i) providing at least one oily or waxy component (first component)- being in liquid form at ambient temperature; or - being a solid or semi-solid at ambient temperature and having an onset of melting in the temperature range from 15 Deg. C to 40 Deg. C, (which may include, for example, vegetable, animal, mineral and synthetic oils or waxes, e.g. silicon oils or waxes, poloxamers liquid at room temperature, polyethyleneglycols with molecular weight < 3000, and mixtures thereof),(ii) providing at least one second component having a melting point or melting range above ambient temperature and comprising or consisting of polyalkykene glycol, (iii) forming a homogenous liquid mixture comprising said at least one first component and said at least one second component by stirring and heating the mixture to or keeping the mixture at a temperature in the range from above the melting point or melting range of said second component to 120 Deg. C, (iv) transferring the liquid mixture to at least one spray congealing unit by at least one transfer unit, which is adapted to keep the mixture in its liquid form during its transfer, (v) spray congealing said mixture, and (vi) isolating the powder obtained upon spray congealing. Particularly described is the use of the disclosed method to prepare powdered forms of Tocopherols Additionally the use of the powder obtained to prepare a dosage form is disclosed
Activity-induced muscle pain increases interleukin-1β (IL-1β) release from muscle macrophages and the development of hyperalgesia is prevented by blockade of IL-1β in muscle. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is released from sensory neurons in response to IL-1β and mediates both inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Thus, we hypothesize that in activity-induced pain, fatigue metabolites combined with IL-1β activate sensory neurons to increase BDNF release, peripherally in muscle and centrally in the spinal dorsal horn, to produce hyperalgesia. We tested the effect of intrathecal or intramuscular injection of BDNF-Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) inhibitors, ANA-12 or TrkB-Fc, on development of activity-induced pain. Both inhibitors prevented the hyperalgesia when given before or 24hr after induction of the model in male but not female mice. BDNF messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein were significantly increased in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) 24hr after induction of the model in both male and female mice. Blockade of IL-1β in muscle had no effect on the increased BNDF mRNA observed in the activity-induced pain model, while IL-1β applied to cultured DRG significantly induced BDNF expression, suggesting IL-1β is sufficient but not necessary to induce BNDF. Thus, fatigue metabolites, combined with IL-1β, upregulate BDNF in primary DRG neurons in both male and female mice, but contribute to activity-induced pain only in males.
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing evidence-based preoperative nursing interventions in reducing postoperative infections and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay among liver transplant recipients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A controlled study was conducted, comparing postoperative outcomes between an intervention group receiving standardized, evidence-based preoperative care and a control group receiving routine preoperative care. Patients undergoing elective liver transplantation from September 2020 to March 2021 were included and assigned to either the intervention or control group. The intervention group received preoperative interventions based on best available evidence, while the control group received standard preoperative care. The primary outcomes measured were postoperative infection rates and length of ICU stay. RESULTS In the control group the overall Intensive Care Unit (ICU) length of stay was 3 days and the infection rate was 33.30%, while in the intervention group it was 3 days and 13.80% (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the length of ICU stay between the control and the intervention groups (P>0.05). There was a significant improvement in the awareness, acceptance, and compliance of doctors and nurses. CONCLUSIONS Using the best evidence-based intervention for preoperative nursing of liver transplantation patients can standardize preoperative nursing behavior. Although we did not find significant differences in outcomes before and after the intervention, it is necessary to prevent postoperative infection and improve nursing compliance.
The present proposal is designed as double-blinded placebo controlled study involving 30 children between 6-17 years of age with active Crohn's disease. Children will be treated with either naltrexone or placebo for the first 8 weeks then all subjects will receive active naltrexone drug the last 8 weeks. A one month follow-up appointment will be scheduled 4-weeks after completion of the active drug for safety and to assess Crohn's activity. Low dose naltrexone (LDN) will be dispensed in either capsules at a dose of 4.5 mg for those ages 10 years or older and in liquid form at 0.1 mg/kg for those under age of 10 or less than 45 kg. Half of the subjects in the first 8 weeks will be randomized to placebo which will be either capsules filled with avicel (see section 6.0) or diluent (flavored water) if in liquid form. Children are eligible who are not of child-bearing potential or are using two means of effective birth control, have a Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) of at least 31 points, and have the confirmed diagnosis of Crohn's disease by either endoscopic or radiographic tests.
PURPOSE:The titled capsule, obtained by forming a film on the outer peripheral surface of a capsule consisting of a water-irresistible member and applying at least a silicone oil to the outer peripheral surface thereof without swelling or destroying the film even on preservation for a long period by mixing and dispersing the capsule in an aqueous solvent. CONSTITUTION:A latex of polymer emulsion having elastic property is first applied to the surface of a capsule having a film destroyed on contact with water, and the resultant capsule is then brought into contact with an alcohol and a silicone oil at the same time or successively in the order mentioned to apply at least the silicone oil on the outer periphery of the rubber film and give the aimed water-resistant capsule. A material destroyed by water, e.g. amylose or gelatin, is preferred for the capsule material to be used. The size of the above-mentioned capsule is preferably 0.5-3.0mm outside diameter in incorporation with a cosmetic. The above-mentioned alcohol may be a 1-3C monohydric aliphatic alcohol with a low water content.