anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Residual pure intralymphatic carcinoma (PIC) component only after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is lymphovascular tumor emboli without invasive carcinoma and extremely rare form of residual tumor after NAC. Although several studies have been published, the prognostic influence of residual PIC component only had not been fully evaluated. This study aims to evaluate the clinicopathologic features and the prognostic value of residual PIC component only. We reviewed the 251 patients with no residual invasive carcinoma in breast after NAC and found 12 patients with residual PIC component only after NAC. Five cases were triple negative, 6 were HER2 positive, and 1 was estrogen receptor positive and HER2 negative. The extent of PIC component ranged from 0.18 to 50.00 mm. The detailed microscopic PIC component findings did not significantly correlate with regional lymph node metastasis, local recurrence, or distant metastasis (p > 0.05). In multivariate survival analysis, the presence of lymph node metastasis and pretreatment ki-67 labeling index more than 50 % was statistically associated with greater risk of relapse [Cox proportional hazards ratio (HR) = 3.236, 95 % confidence interval (CI), 1.461-7.280, p = 0.004; HR = 3.046, 95 % CI, 1.421-6.529, p = 0.004, respectively) and residual PIC component only tended to be associated with greater risk of relapse (HR = 2.378, 95 % CI, 0.853-6.631; p = 0.098), but not reached to statistically significance. In patients without lymph node metastasis, the presence of residual PIC component only was associated with worse disease-free survival (p = 0.004). Although the number of published studies still limited, residual residual PIC component only after NAC is associated with poor outcome, and it should not be considered as pathological complete response.
Local anesthesia is commonly used to reduce pain during joint injections, particularly for deep joints like the hip. Lidocaine is the most commonly used local anesthetic in most medical practices. It is well known that lidocaine infiltration itself is painful. Many strategies have been studied to minimize pain associated with lidocaine administration, including buffering, warming, and slowing infiltration rate. BS is an alternative local anesthetic that has been shown to be less painful when injected into subcutaneous tissues compared with lidocaine. However, BS use has not been widely implemented for local anesthesia, and it has not been studied in the context of joint injections.
To evaluate the correlation between thallium and diabetes risk among participants with hearing loss. This retrospective cohort study extracted related data such as demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and laboratory findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (2013-2018). Logistic regression analysis and interaction analysis were adopted to analyze the correlation between thallium and diabetes risk among patients with hearing loss. Then, the restricted cubic spline was employed to assess the nonlinear relationship between thallium and diabetes risk. The receiver operating characteristic curve and decision curve analysis were used to assess the predictive values of 3 multivariate models with or without thallium for diabetes risk. The Delong test was adopted to assess the significant change of the area under the curves (AUCs) upon thallium addition. A total of 425 participants with hearing loss were enrolled in the study: without diabetes group (n = 316) and diabetes group (n = 109). Patients with hearing loss in the diabetes group had significantly lower thallium (P < .05). The thallium was an independent predictor for diabetes risk after adjusting various covariates (P < .05). The restricted cubic spline (RCS) result showed that there was a linear correlation between thallium and diabetes risk (P nonlinear > .05). Finally, the receiver operating characteristic and decision curve analysis results revealed that adding thallium to the models slightly increased the performance in predicting diabetes risk but without significance in AUC change. Thallium was an independent predictor of diabetes risk among patients with hearing loss. The addition of thallium might help improve the predictive ability of models for risk reclassification. However, the conclusions should be verified in our cohort in the future due to the limitations inherent in the NHANES database.
In a 104-week dietary carcinogenicity study of mesalamine, CD-1 mice were treated with doses up to 2500 mg/kg/day and it was not tumorigenic. For a 50 kg person of average height (1.46 m2 body surface area), this represents 2.5 times the recommended human dose on a body surface area basis (2960 mg/m2/day). In a 104-week dietary carcinogenicity study in Wistar rats, mesalamine up to a dose of 800 mg/kg/day was not tumorigenic. This dose represents 1.5 times the recommended human dose on a body surface area basis.

No evidence of mutagenicity was observed in an in vitro Ames test and in an in vivo mouse micronucleus test.

No effects on fertility or reproductive performance were observed in male or female rats at oral doses of mesalamine up to 400 mg/kg/day (0.8 times the recommended human dose based on body surface area).

Semen abnormalities and infertility in men, which have been reported in association with sulfasalazine, have not been seen with PENTASA capsules during controlled clinical trials.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled composition having excellent storage stability and useful as an antihyperlipemic, etc., in high efficiency, by the chemical mutual action of S-adenosyl-L-methionine with a protonic acid and cyclodextrin. CONSTITUTION:S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (abbreviated as SAM), a protonic acid, and a cyclodextrin compound (abbreviated as CDM) are used as essential components of the above composition. The composition can be prepared in high efficiency, by contacting a uniform aqueous solution of SAM, protonic acid and CDM with an organic solvent (e.g. acetone, methanol, etc.) or by evaporating the aqueous medium of the above solution to dryness. SAM which is unstable as a free compound or salt can be stabilized to a stable SAM- containing composition by the chemical action of the protonic acid and CDM added to SAM.
Lipodystrophy is a heterogeneous group of rare and inherited syndromes characterized by the complete or partial loss or absence of subcutaneous adipose tissue. People living with lipodystrophy lack the fat tissue required for normal metabolic function. To enhance knowledge of the underlying biology of these conditions and to institute effective clinical treatments, the Lipodystrophy community has developed a mechanism for individuals with any of the Lipodystrophy conditions to enroll in a Lipodystrophy registry called Lipodystrophy Connect. The objective of such a registry is to create a platform that connects all of the Lipodystrophy community, including persons with Lipodystrophy, family members, healthcare providers, researchers, drug companies, advocacy groups, federal research organizations, and regulators. A patient registry will provide the foundation for a resource to meet the current and future needs of the Lipodystrophy community as well as accelerate the rate of research and development of therapies that improve the quality of life of those with Lipodystrophy. Lipodystrophy Connect is an online survey tool that collects basic demographic information and health information from people with any rare form of Lipodystrophy.
New RNA cap analogs are disclosed containing one or more phosphorothioates groups. The analogs also contain modifications at the 2′-O position of 7-methylguanosine that prevent them from being incorporated in the reverse orientation during in vitro synthesis of mRNA and that hence are “anti-reverse cap analogs” (ARCAs). The ARCA modification ensures that the S atom is precisely positioned within the active sites of cap-binding proteins in both the translational and decapping machinery. The new S-ARCA analogs are resistant to in vivo decapping enzymes. Some S-ARCAs have a higher affinity for eIF4E than the corresponding analogs not containing a phosphorothioate group. When mRNAs containing the various S-ARCAs are introduced into cultured cells, some are translated as much as five-fold more efficiently than mRNAs synthesized with the conventional analog m7GpppG.
Metastatic Ewing Sarcoma - 14-cycle study building on conventional tx (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin hydrochloride, vincristine sulfate, ifosfamide, etoposide) and adding two antiangiogenic agents: the vinca alkaloid vinblastine and the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib. Refer to the Interventions section for dosages, method of delivery and frequency of administration.
Adult

The usual dose of amantadine hydrochloride capsules is 100 mg twice a day when used alone. Amantadine Hydrochloride Capsules have an onset of action usually within 48 hours.

The initial dose of amantadine hydrochloride capsules is 100 mg daily for patients with serious associated medical illnesses or who are receiving high doses of other antiparkinson drugs. After one to several weeks at 100 mg once daily, the dose may be increased to 100 mg twice daily, if necessary.

Occasionally, patients whose responses are not optimal with amantadine hydrochloride capsules at 200 mg daily may benefit from an increase up to 400 mg daily in divided doses. However, such patients should be supervised closely by their physicians.

Patients initially deriving benefit from amantadine hydrochloride capsules not uncommonly experience a fall-off of effectiveness after a few months. Benefit may be regained by increasing the dose to 300 mg daily. Alternatively, temporary discontinuation of amantadine hydrochloride capsules for several weeks, followed by reinitiation of the drug, may result in regaining benefit in some patients. A decision to use other antiparkinson drugs may be necessary.

Dosage for Concomitant Therapy

Some patients who do not respond to anticholinergic antiparkinson drugs may respond to amantadine hydrochloride capsules. When amantadine hydrochloride capsules or anticholinergic antiparkinson drugs are each used with marginal benefit, concomitant use may produce additional benefit.

When amantadine hydrochloride and levodopa are initiated concurrently, the patient can exhibit rapid therapeutic benefits. Amantadine hydrochloride capsules should be held constant at 100 mg daily or twice daily while the daily dose of levodopa is gradually increased to optimal benefit.

When amantadine hydrochloride is added to optimal well-tolerated doses of levodopa, additional benefit may result, including smoothing out the fluctuations in improvement which sometimes occur in patients on levodopa alone. Patients who require a reduction in their usual dose of levodopa because of development of side effects may possibly regain lost benefit with the addition of amantadine hydrochloride.
Thiol derivs. of erythromycin and the propionic ester of erythromycin of formula R-COOX (I) are new. where R is selected from the following radicals; acetyl cysteine- HS-CH2CH(COOH)NHCOCH3; carboxymethyl cysteine HOOC-S-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH; thiazolidine carboxylic acid and mercaptosuccinic acid X is erythromycin or its propionyl ester (II) (where R1=H or CH3-CH2-VO-). Used as antibacterials and mucolytic agents, salts of erythromycin itself are pref. given by injection or aerosol, while those of the propionic ester are given orally. Low toxicity and high concn. in the blood. To prepare cpds. (I) erythromycin or its propionic ester are treated with the selected thiol acid in an organic solvent in the presence of water at 20-40 deg.C.
MSM randomized to this arm will receive twice weekly digital media messages for 12 weeks about HIV, HIV-testing, prevention, and treatment and a a link to a study-specific webpage listing MSM specific testing, prevention, and care resources. Participants will also be able to interact with online outreach workers.
Ctrl Group. Post-operatively all patients will have an ultrasound-guided adductor canal block (ACB) with 30cc of 0.25% bupivacaine. Patients in this Arm (selected randomly) will not receive Mg (the intervention) in the block; instead they will receive 0.3mL of sterile saline.
Metabolic abnormalities represent one of the pathological features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Glutamic pyruvate transaminase 2 (GPT2) is involved in glutamate metabolism and lipid synthesis pathways, whilst the exact roles of GPT2 in the occurrence and development of COPD remains uncertain. This study aims at investigating how GPT2 and the associated genes modulate smoking-induced airway epithelial metabolism and damage by reprogramming lipid synthesis. The circulating or human airway epithelial metabolomic and lipidomic profiles of COPD patients or cell-lines explored with smoking were assessed to elucidate the pivotal roles of GPT2 in reprogramming processes. We found that GPT2 regulate the reprogramming of lipid metabolisms caused by smoking, especially phosphatidylcholine (PC) and triacylglycerol (TAG), along with changes in the expression of lipid metabolism-associated genes. GPT2 modulated cell sensitivities and survival in response to smoking by enhancing mitochondrial functions and maintaining lipid and energy homeostasis. Our findings provide evidence for the involvement of GPT2 in the reprogramming of airway epithelial lipids following smoking, as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying GPT2-mediated regulation, which may offer an alternative of therapeutic strategies for chronic lung diseases.
The invention relates to an aspirin-esomeprazole compound enteric coated pellet preparation and a preparation method. The preparation is composed of active pharmaceutical ingredients aspirin and esomeprazole and other pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials. The aspirin and the esomeprazole are in a mass ratio of 3-6:1. The compound enteric coated pellet has two forms. For one form of enteric coated pellet, aspirin pellet is adopted as a drug-containing pellet core, which is externally coated by an isolation layer I, an ensomeprazole magnesium drug layer, an isolation layer II, and an enteric coating layer; and for the other form of enteric coated pellet, an aspirin enteric coated pellet and an esomeprazole enteric coated pellet are prepared respectively, and they are mixed to obtain the compound enteric coated pellet. According to the invention, the drugs are released in the intestinal tract, thus avoiding destruction of the drugs in an acidic environment of the stomach; the compound preparation can resist the side effects of aspirin on gastrointestinal irritation so as to facilitate long-term medication of aspirin and bring the platelet aggregation inhibition effect of aspirin into play; and by adopting pellet form release drugs, the bioavailability is high, the blood concentration fluctuation is small, and the side effects are smaller.
Background: A high-fat diet (HFD) is generally associated with an increased risk of mental disorders that constitute a sizeable worldwide health. A HFD results in the gut microbiota-brain axis being altered and linked to mental disorders. Hypocretin-1, which can promote appetite, has been previously confirmed to be associated with depression. However, no exact relationship has been found for hypocretin between depression and HFDs. Methods: Adult male SD rats were randomly assigned to either a HFD or a normal diet for eight weeks, followed by behavioral tests and plasma biochemical analyses. Then, we investigated the protein and mRNA levels of inflammation-related factors in the hippocampus. We also observed morphological changes in brain microglia and lipid accumulation. Additionally, metagenomic and metabolomic analyses of gut microbiomes were performed. 3T3-L1 cells were utilized in vitro to investigate the impact of hypocretin receptor 1 antagonists (SB334867) on lipid accumulation. To consider the connection between the brain and adipose tissue, we used a conditioned medium (CM) treated with 3T3-L1 cells to observe the activation and phagocytosis of BV2 cells. Following a 12-week period of feeding a HFD to C57BL/6 mice, a three-week intervention period was initiated during which the administration of SB334867 was observed. This was followed by a series of assessments, including monitoring of body weight changes and emotional problems, as well as attention to plasma biochemical levels and microglial cell phenotypes in the brain. Results: The HFD rats displayed anxiety and depressive-like behaviors. HFD rats exhibited increased plasma HDL, LDL, and TC levels. A HFD also causes an increase in hypocretin-1 and hypocretin-2 in the hypothalamus. Metagenomics and metabolomics revealed that the HFD caused an increase in the relative abundance of associated inflammatory bacteria and decreased the abundance of anti-inflammatory and bile acid metabolites. Compared with the CTR group, hippocampal microglia in the HFD group were significantly activated and accompanied by lipid deposition. At the same time, protein and mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related factors were increased. We found that SB334867 could significantly reduce lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells after differentiation. The expression of inflammatory factors decreased in the SB334867 group. The administration of SB334867 was found to reverse the adverse effects of the HFD on body weight, depressive-like behaviour and anxiety-like mood. Furthermore, this treatment was associated with improvements in plasma biochemical levels and a reduction in the number of microglia in the brain. Conclusions: In summary, our results demonstrated that a HFD induced anxiety and depressive-like behaviors, which may be linked to the increased hypocretin-1 level and lipid accumulation. Supplementation with SB334867 improved the above. These observations highlight the possibility of hypocretin-1 inducing the risk of HFD-associated emotional dysfunctions.
Enhancing the development of and thermogenesis in brown and beige fat represents a potential treatment for obesity. In this study, we show that Foxj3 expression in fat is stimulated by cold exposure and a β-adrenergic agonist. Adipose-specific Foxj3 knockout impaired the thermogenic function of brown fat, leading to morphological whitening of brown fat and obesity. Adipose Foxj3-deficient mice displayed increased fasting blood glucose levels and hepatic steatosis while on a chow diet. Foxj3 deficiency inhibited the browning of inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) following β3-agonist treatment of mice. Furthermore, depletion of Foxj3 in primary brown adipocytes reduced the expression of thermogenic genes and cellular respiration, indicating that the Foxj3 effects on the thermogenic program are cell autonomous. In contrast, Foxj3 overexpression in primary brown adipocytes enhanced the thermogenic program. Moreover, AAV-mediated Foxj3 overexpression in brown fat and iWAT increased energy expenditure and improved systemic metabolism on either a chow or high-fat diet. Finally, Foxj3 deletion in fat inhibited the β3-agonist-mediated induction of WAT browning and brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. Mechanistically, cold-inducible Foxj3 stimulated the expression of PGC-1α and UCP1, subsequently promoting energy expenditure. This study identifies Foxj3 as a critical regulator of fat thermogenesis, and targeting Foxj3 in fat might be a therapeutic strategy for treating obesity and metabolic diseases.
Calcium phosphate glass-ceramics of high strength and toughness is disclosed. These materials are excellent for artificial dental or bone materials. The strength and toughness of these materials are improved substantially in comparison with conventionally used calcium phosphate glass-ceramics by adding rare earth oxide in them. For dental materials, good aesthetic appearance to natural teeth is also obtained by adding one type, or two or more types of compounds selected from oxides of iron, manganese, cerium, titanium, nickel, zinc, cobalt, tungsten, chromium, and vanadium as color component. Also, if necessary, Al2O3 and/or SiO2 is contained as coloring assistant agent in that composite. Moreover it is possible to adjust the color tone of each individual's teeth. The rare earth oxide, coloring component, and coloring assistant agent added are incorporated in crystals of calcium phosphate. Consequently, they cause no elution during use.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a cosmetic having activity to effectively scavenging hydroxy radicals and also capable of preventing development of skin wrinkles or pouches, by using specific lignan glycoside(s). SOLUTION: This cosmetic contains lignan glycoside(s) of formula I (R is one kind of glucosyl group selected from glucose, galactose and fructose; (m) is 1-3; (n) is 0 or 1) [pref. predominant in at least one kind of compound selected from those of formula II (G1C is a glucose residue), formula III and formula IV]. The glycoside(s) is pref. a hydrous lower alcohol extract from the humidified or germinated sesame seeds. The content of the lignan glycoside(s) in the cosmetic is 0.05-20wt.% for the hydrous lower alcohol extract, while 0.01-10wt.% or so in the case of crude lignan glycoside(s).
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates observed in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.

NAGLAZYME was studied in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which 19 patients received weekly infusions of 1 mg/kg NAGLAZYME and 20 patients received placebo; of the 39 patients 66% were female, and 62% were White, non-Hispanic. Patients were aged 5 years to 29 years. NAGLAZYME-treated patients were approximately 3 years older than placebo-treated patients (mean age 13.7 years versus 10.7 years, respectively).

Serious adverse reactions experienced in this trial include apnea, pyrexia, and respiratory distress. Severe adverse reactions include chest pain, dyspnea, laryngeal edema, and conjunctivitis. The most common adverse reactions requiring interventions were infusion reactions.

Table 1 summarizes the adverse reactions that occurred in the placebo-controlled trial in at least 2 patients more in the NAGLAZYME‑treated group than in the placebo-treated group.

Four open-label clinical trials were conducted in MPS VI patients aged 3 months to 29 years with NAGLAZYME administered at doses of 0.2 mg/kg (n = 2), 1 mg/kg (n = 55), and 2 mg/kg (n = 2). The mean exposure to the recommended dose of NAGLAZYME (1 mg/kg) was 138 weeks (range = 54 to 261 weeks). Two infants (12.1 months and 12.7 months) were exposed to 2 mg/kg of NAGLAZYME for 105 and 81 weeks, respectively.

In addition to those listed in Table 1, common adverse reactions observed in the open-label trials include pruritus, urticaria, pyrexia, headache, nausea, and vomiting. The most common adverse reactions requiring interventions were infusion reactions. Serious adverse reactions included laryngeal edema, urticaria, angioedema, and other hypersensitivity reactions. Severe adverse reactions included urticaria, rash, and abdominal pain.

Observed adverse events in four open-label studies (up to 261 weeks treatment) were not different in nature or severity to those observed in the placebo-controlled study. No patients discontinued during open-label treatment with NAGLAZYME due to adverse events.