anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: The aim was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of PTCD combined with TACE in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with obstructive jaundice and to compare the efficacy of TACE in patients with different levels of bilirubin after PTCD.
METHODS: The clinical data of 141 patients with HCC complicated with obstructive jaundice were analyzed retrospectively. The patients underwent PTCD first. When the total bilirubin decreased, the patients received TACE or Apatinib treatment. They were divided into two groups: (1) PTCD+TACE group, N=68; (2) PTCD+Apatinib group, N=73.
RESULTS: The PTCD+TACE group had higher ORR and DCR than the PTCD+Apatinib group (57.4% vs 12.3%, p < 0.001; 80.9% vs 60.3%, p = 0.010). The mPFS of the PTCD+TACE group was longer than that of the PTCD+Apatinib group (7.1 months vs 3.8 months, p < 0.001). The mOS of the PTCD+TACE group was longer than that of the PTCD+Apatinib group(11.5 months vs 7.7 months, p < 0.001). In the subgroup analysis of the PTCD+TACE group, the results showed that the survival benefits of the groups with total bilirubin <2 times and 2-3 times were greater.
CONCLUSION: In patients with HCC and obstructive jaundice, superselective TACE(lipiodol+epirubicin emulsion) significantly prolonged OS and PFS compared with Apatinib after using PTCD to reduce total bilirubin to <100 μmol/L. Patients whose total bilirubin dropped to .3 times of the upper limit of normal value after PTCD had longer OS and PFS than patients >3 times.
Initial treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) includes conservative methods such as reducing symptoms and helping to prevent secondary problems and disease progression. If conservative methods fail, further treatments based on anatomical and physiological pathophysiological features should be applied. Treatment of CVI ranges from simple compression stockings to very complicated venous reconstructions. Physiotherapy applications also have an important place in the treatment of CVI and contain patient education, complex decongestive physiotherapy, intermittent pneumatic compression, compression garment, venous exercise programs, biomechanical stimulation therapy, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, relaxation techniques and hydrotherapy methods.

Researches investigating the effectiveness of new physiotherapy applications in CVI are very limited. In one of these publications, the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) and calf muscle exercise training (CMET) applied in addition to compression therapy (CT) on quality of life (QoL), venous filling time, disease severity, pain, edema, range of motion, muscle strength and functionality were investigated newly. IMT and CT were applied in group 1, CMET and CT were applied in group 2, and only CT was applied in group 3. As a result, groups of 1 and 2 showed more improvement in these outcomes compared to other groups. Acute effects of inspiratory muscle training in CVI was only shown in this study. The long-term effectiveness of inspiratory muscle training is still unclear in individuals with CVI. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the long-term results of inspiratory muscle training in individuals with CVI.
INTRODUCTION: After surgical fixation of distal radius fractures, many patients are keen to return to driving. There are however limited guidelines assisting surgeons. The aims of this study were to determine when patients could return to driving safely after distal radius fracture fixation and determine the clinical parameters (range of motion and grip strength) that patients needed to achieve before return to safe driving could be advised.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective grant-funded clinical study was conducted. Patients above the age of 21 years who underwent surgical fixation with a volar plate, possessed a class 3 standard motorcar license, and were regular drivers were recruited in a single institution from 2017 to 2019. A hand surgeon and an occupational therapist who sees routine hand therapy cases, assessed the patients at regular intervals from 2 to 12-weeks post-surgery. Clinical parameters of pain, wrist range of motion and grip strength were measured. Patients underwent off and on-road driving assessments.
RESULTS: A total of 26 patients were recruited, with 21 successfully completing the driving assessment. Median time post-surgery to passing the driving test was 6 and 8-weeks for off and on-road assessments respectively. Pain score was observed to decrease over time, with a significant decrease from week 2 to week 4. Range of motion improved over time, with maximal improvement between 2 to 4-weeks post-surgery. When compared with the unaffected wrist, the difference in pronation, supination and radial deviation in the affected hand was consistently no longer statistically significant 4 to 6-weeks post-surgery.
CONCLUSION: Patients with isolated surgically treated distal radius fractures can be recommended for a driving assessment as early as 4-6 weeks post-surgery if pain control is adequate, and clinical parameters for pronation and supination are met.
PURPOSE: No definitive procedures have been proposed for orbital floor fractures extending to the slope of the posterior end, which is a challenging problem. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of an orbital reconstruction procedure based on anatomical landmarks that we developed, called the three landmarks procedure (TLP).
METHODS: This study is a single-center retrospective cohort study conducted by the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Japanese Red Cross Asahikawa Hospital. Data were collected from April 2000 to December 2023. The effect of TLP and the balloon procedure (BP) on ocular movement was compared. The prevalence of postoperative enophthalmos after TLP was examined.
RESULTS: The study included 17 patients who underwent TLP and 25 patients who underwent BP. Postoperative mean Hess area ratio (HAR%) was 98.3 (95% confidence interval (CI), 97.0-99.6) in the TLP group and 88.6 (95% CI 83.2-94.0) in the BP group. Among study patients with fractures extending to the posterior slope, 14 underwent TLP and 16 underwent BP. Postoperative mean HAR% was 98.5 (95% CI 97.3-99.7) in the TLP group and 89.2 (95% CI 82.4-95.8) in the BP group. Among all patients who underwent TLP, mean postoperative enophthalmos was 0.06 mm (95% CI - 0.32 to 0.44). It was 0.14 mm (95% CI - 0.31 to 0.59) among patients with fractures extending to the posterior slope.
CONCLUSION: TLP resulted in better postoperative ocular movements than BP. Furthermore, TLP is an effective technique for treating fractures extending to the posterior slope, which are challenging to reconstruct.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening clinical syndrome characterized by a positive feedback loop between cytokine storm and macrophages and lymphocytes overactivation, which could serve as a valid therapeutic target for HLH treatment. In this study, the clinically extensively used JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib was encapsulated into macrophage membrane-coated nanoparticles (M@NP-R) with high drug-loading efficiency for targeted HLH treatment. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that M@NP-R not only efficiently adsorbed extracellular proinflammation cytokines, like IFN-γ and IL-6 to alleviate the cytokine storm, but also effectively dampened macrophage activation and proliferation by intracellular JAK/STAT signaling pathway inhibition. M@NP-R treatment significantly ameliorated the clinical and laboratory manifestations of HLH in mouse models, including trilineage cytopenia, hypercytokinemia, organomegaly, hepatorenal dysfunction, and tissue inflammation. Importantly, M@NP-R significantly enhanced the survival of the lethal HLH mice. Altogether, M@NP-R successfully blocked the positive feedback loop between the cytokine storm and macrophage overactivation by depleting extracellular inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting the intracellular JAK/STAT signaling pathway, both of which worked synergistically in HLH treatment. As ruxolitinib has already been extensively used in clinics with favorable safety, and M@NP is biodegradable and highly biocompatible, M@NP-R has good prospects for clinical translation.
FLT3-ITD+ AML patients who receive sorafenib maintenance therapy after Allo-HSCT. Sorafenib will be used from day 30 to 180 post-transplantation. The initial dose of sorafenib is 400 mg orally twice daily and is adjusted in case of suspected toxicity or resistance (dose range, 200-800 mg daily).
Cleft lip and palate is a common and burdensome birth defect that has large health ramifications and requires surgical, speech, behavioral, dental, and medical interventions. There is some evidence suggesting that taking folic acid particularly at large doses during preconception and first trimester of pregnancy may decrease the risk of oral cleft recurrence, which is the risk of having a child with an oral cleft for women who have an oral cleft or who have had a child with a cleft. However this evidence is based on study designs that are incapable of contributing the preventive effects to folic acid with adequate confidence, and the real effect of folic acid on cleft recurrence prevention remains to be identified. Taking 4 mg of folic acid per day at preconception and first trimester of pregnancy has also been shown to prevent the recurrence of neural tube defects by up to 70%, providing further support to evaluate this intervention for oral cleft recurrence.

This study evaluates the effects of supplementation with 4 versus 0.4 mg of folic acid per day at preconception and during the first three months of pregnancy on recurrence of cleft lip and palate. Up to 6000 women will be randomly assigned to 4 versus 0.4 mg groups. The primary aim is to compare the recurrence rates in the offspring of trial mothers in the two groups. Secondary aims are to compare the two groups on several outcomes including miscarriage, twinning, pre-eclampsia, serum and red cell folate levels, severity of oral clefts and occurrence of other birth defects in the offspring of trial mothers, and birth weight and gestational age of trial babies, and to compare the recurrence in the two groups to that in historic controls.
Background \& Objectives: Along with conventional non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) systemic antimicrobials may provide more effective treatment for chronic periodontitis by targeting tissue-invasive bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adjunctive effects of oral clarithromycin (CLM) to nonsurgical periodontal therapy for chronic periodontitis.

Materials and Methods: 30 patients were categorized into two groups: test group - Base line scaling and root planing(SRP) was done. Clarithromycin tablet 500 mg( Clarino-500) was given for a period of 7 days orally two times per day. control group -only SRP done . Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline , 3 months, and six months interval .They included gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). Also microbial analysis of subgingival plaque samples was done at baseline, 3months and six months interval to estimate the levels of Pg and Aa bacteria using culture methods. Immunological parameter like estimation of C-Reactive protein was done in both groups at baseline 3 months and 6 months period. tests were used for statistical analysis.
This group will be the first to receive the adapted intervention, "Heart Matters" (adapted from the PREMIER intervention). The intervention will be 12 months long.
Fracture healing is a complex series of events that requires a local inflammatory reaction to initiate the reparative process. This inflammatory reaction is important for stimulating the migration and proliferation of mesenchymal progenitor cells from the periosteum and surrounding tissues to form the cartilaginous and bony calluses. The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-17 family has gained attention for its potential regenerative effects; however, the requirement of IL-17 signaling within mesenchymal progenitor cells for normal secondary fracture healing remains unknown. The conditional knockout of IL-17 receptor a (Il17ra) in mesenchymal progenitor cells was achieved by crossing Il17raF/F mice with Prx1-cre mice to generate Prx1-cre; Il17raF/F mice. At 3 months of age, mice underwent experimental unilateral mid-diaphyseal femoral fractures and healing was assessed by micro-computed tomography (µCT) and histomorphometric analyses. The effects of IL-17RA signaling on the osteogenic differentiation of fracture-activated periosteal cells was investigated in vitro. Examination of the intact skeleton revealed that the conditional knockout of Il17ra decreased the femoral cortical porosity but did not affect any femoral trabecular microarchitectural indices. After unilateral femoral fractures, Il17ra conditional knockout impacted the cartilage and bone composition of the fracture callus that was most evident early in the healing process (day 7 and 14 post-fracture). Furthermore, the in vitro treatment of fracture-activated periosteal cells with IL-17A inhibited osteogenesis. This study suggests that IL-17RA signaling within Prx1+ mesenchymal progenitor cells can influence the early stages of endochondral ossification during fracture healing.
BACKGROUND: Stem rot, caused by the soil-borne pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii, pose a serious challenge in the groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) cultivation. Although this disease is widespread globally but had most adverse impact in groundnut growing regions of United States, India, and Australia. The pathogen primarily targets the crown region of the plant, resulting in systemic collapse and potentially leading to yield losses up to 80%. Effective genetic control measures are essential to mitigate the impact of this disease on groundnut production. Realizing the time and resource-consuming complex field-based phenotyping, the availability of easy and repeatable phenotyping methods may fasten the process of donor and gene discovery efforts.
RESULTS: Multi-season phenotyping was performed for stem rot on 184 minicore germplasm accessions, including checks, under two conditions: sick field screening and response to oxalic acid assay. This study demonstrated medium to high heritability (52-63% broad-sense heritability) and significant environmental influence (36%). The response to the oxalic acid assay showed a high proportion of similarity (approximately 80%) with the percent mortality observed in the sick field indicating an easy way of performing precise phenotyping. Notably, seven genotypes-ICG163, ICG721, ICG10479, ICG875, ICG11457, ICG111, and ICG2857-exhibited stable resistance, with less than 30% mortality against stem rot disease. Among these, ICG163, ICG875, and ICG111 displayed low mortality and consistent stability across multiple seasons in both the sick field and controlled conditions of the oxalic acid assay.
CONCLUSIONS: The oxalic acid assay developed in this study effectively complements field phenotyping, as a reliable method for assessing stem rot resistance. Seven resistant genotypes identified through this assay can be utilized for the introgression of stem rot resistance into elite genotypes. Given the significant influence of the environment on stem rot resistance, it is essential to implement multi-season phenotyping to obtain precise results. Furthermore, the response to oxalic acid serves as a valuable supplement to traditional field phenotyping, since maintaining uniform disease pressure during field screenings is often challenging.
BACKGROUND: Sri Lanka after eliminating malaria in 2012, is in the prevention of re-establishment (POR) phase. Being a tropical country with high malariogenic potential, maintaining vigilance is important. All malaria cases are investigated epidemiologically and followed up by integrated drug efficacy surveillance (iDES). Occasionally, that alone is not adequate to differentiate Plasmodium falciparum reinfections from recrudescences. This study evaluated the World Health Organization and Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) recommended genotyping protocol for the merozoite surface proteins (msp1, msp2) and the glutamate-rich protein (glurp) to discriminate P. falciparum recrudescence from reinfection in POR phase.
METHODS: All P. falciparum patients detected from April 2014 to December 2019 were included in this study. Patients were treated and followed up by iDES up to 28 days and were advised to get tested if they develop fever at any time over the following year. Basic socio-demographic information including history of travel was obtained. Details of the malariogenic potential and reactive entomological and parasitological surveillance carried out by the Anti Malaria Campaign to exclude the possibility of local transmission were also collected. The msp1, msp2, and glurp genotyping was performed for initial and any recurrent infections. Classification of recurrent infections as recrudescence or reinfection was done based on epidemiological findings and was compared with the genotyping outcome.
RESULTS: Among 106 P. falciparum patients, six had recurrent infections. All the initial infections were imported, with a history of travel to malaria endemic countries. In all instances, the reactive entomological and parasitological surveillance had no evidence for local transmission. Five recurrences occurred within 28 days of follow-up and were classified as recrudescence. They have not travelled to malaria endemic countries between the initial and recurrent infections. The other had a recurrent infection after 105 days. It was assumed a reinfection, as he had travelled to the same malaria endemic country in between the two malaria attacks. Genotyping confirmed the recrudescence and the reinfection.
CONCLUSIONS: The msp1, msp2 and glurp genotyping method accurately differentiated reinfections from recrudescence. Since reinfection without a history of travel to a malaria endemic country would mean local transmission, combining genotyping outcome with epidemiological findings will assist classifying malaria cases without any ambiguity.
USH2A (Usher syndrome type 2A) gene mutations are the predominant cause of Usher syndrome type 2, characterized by sensorineural hearing loss and retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and also significant contributors to non-syndromic RP. To date, there is a lack of definitive therapeutic interventions to mitigate the associated disorders caused by USH2A mutations, and the precise pathogenic mechanisms underlying their onset remain unclear. In the present study, we utilized the ush2a knockout zebrafish model to investigate the pathological mechanisms of RP. In late-stage ush2a-/- zebrafish, the outer segments of rods displayed shortened length and decreased number. Anomalous vesicle accumulation was observed at the junction between the inner and outer segments, accompanied by reduced expression and structural damage of actin filaments in the photoreceptor cells. Furthermore, we discovered that Rab8 expression was downregulated and exhibited aberrant localization in ush2a-/- zebrafish. Additionally, we identified an interaction between USH2A and Rab8. Therefore, the knockout of ush2a may potentially affect vesicle transport through the regulation of Rab8, providing a novel target for maintaining the survival of photoreceptor cells. These findings also contribute to our understanding of the potential molecular pathogenesis underlying RP caused by USH2A gene mutations.
The application describes a method of treating pneumonia (e.g. COVID-19 pneumonia) in a patient comprising administering a weight-based intravenous dose of tocilizumab to the patient, wherein the weight-based dose is 8 mg/kg of tocilizumab. It also describes a method of treating pneumonia in a patient comprising administering an IL6 antagonist (e.g. an IL6 receptor antibody such as tocilizumab) to the patient in an amount effective to achieve a greater improvement in clinical outcome than standard of care (SOC) as measured on an ordinal scale of clinical status. Moreover, the application describes a method of treating pneumonia in a patient comprising: (a) administering a first weight-based 8 mg/kg intravenous dose of tocilizumab to the patient; and (b) further comprising administering a second weight-based 8 mg/kg intravenous dose of tocilizumab to the patient 8-12 hours after the first dose, wherein the patient experiences no improvement or >one-category worsening on an ordinal scale of clinical status following the first dose. In addition, the application discloses a method of treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in a patient who does not have elevated IL6 level comprising administering an IL6 antagonist (e.g. an IL6 receptor antibody such as tocilizumab) to the patient.
Participants in the GLP1RA will be prescribed either Liraglutide 3.0mg or Semaglutide 1.0mg, whichever is licensed and available locally. The dose and titration will follow the usual clinical practice. The treatment will continue for 6 months.
PURPOSE: To obtain a safe preventing and therapeutic agent, containing a specific active ingredient derived from a plant of the genus Eucalyptus and having strong inhibiting actions on hemolytic streptococci and inhibiting effects on hemolysins produced by the streptococci without causing side effects. CONSTITUTION: This preventing and therapeutic agent contains an extract obtained by removing an essential oil ingredient from a plant of the genus Eucalyptus and then extracting the resultant residue with a polar solvent as an active ingredient. The essential oil ingredient is preferably removed by using a steam distillation device usually employed in extracting the essential oil. Furthermore, the extract is separated and purified by using column chromatography, etc., to afford a phloroglucinol derivative of the formula (R is H15 H23 , C15 H25 O, etc.) which is an active essence. The obtained derivative may be used as the active ingredient of the preventing and therapeutic agent. The medicine is preferably blended in an amount of 0.001-10wt.% in blending thereof in a food, etc.