anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Despite evidence that application of infection prevention measures can reduce healthcare-associated infections, compliance with these measures is low, especially among physicians. Intervention effects often do not sustain. An overview of determinants for physicians' infection prevention behaviour and successful behaviour change strategies is lacking. The aim of this review was to identify what determinants influence physicians' infection prevention behaviour, what strategies to improve compliance have been explored, and whether theories, models, and frameworks from implementation science have been used in these studies. A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, APA PsycInfo and Web of Science up to June 2nd, 2023, in collaboration with a medical information specialist. All study types focusing on infection prevention behaviour of physicians in high-income countries were included. Data on determinants and strategies was extracted; determinants were categorized into the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Fifty-six articles were included. The TDF domains 'environmental context and resources', 'social influences', 'beliefs about consequences', 'memory, attention and decision-making', 'knowledge', and 'skills' were found most relevant. The prevailing determinant covers a theme outside the TDF: socio-demographic factors. Sustainable interventions are multimodal approaches that at least include feedback, education, and a champion. Theories, models, and frameworks have rarely been used to guide implementation strategy development. In conclusion, it was found that intervention studies rarely specify the determinants that they aim to address and they lack theoretical underpinning. Future initiatives should combine knowledge about determinants with implementation science to develop theory-based interventions tailored to determinants.
BACKGROUND: To assess the distribution characteristics of immune infiltration and lymphovascular invasion in breast cancer skin recurrence patients.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological data of patients who underwent radical surgery for primary breast cancer and experienced skin recurrence between January 2001 and April 2019. Immune and lymphovascular biomarkers were quantified in primary breast cancers, skin lesions and visceral metastatic lesions. Differences in biomarkers distribution between matched tissues were statistically analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA.
RESULTS: A total of 71 female breast cancer patients were reviewed in this study. Our study found that the expression levels of various lymphocyte immune markers in primary tumor specimens were higher than those in skin recurrences. The expression of CD8, CD57 and CD31 in primary breast cancer was higher than those in the skin. Compared to visceral metastatic lesions, D2-40 was highly expressed in the skin, while CD8 tended to decrease. In the skin specimens, the expression of CD8 (P < 0.001), FOXP3 (P = 0.006) and CD68 (P < 0.001) in the intratumoral area was higher, while the expression of CD57 (P < 0.001) was higher in the peritumoral area. Analyzing specimens from the same patient at different time points of skin progression, it was found that the expression of peritumoral CD4 decreased (P = 0.044) as the disease progressed. The low expression of D2-40 and CD163 in the skin lesions suggested a decrease in DFS.
CONCLUSION: The immune microenvironment of breast cancer skin recurrence may be in a state of suppression, and this suppression may intensify with disease progression. The pattern of skin recurrence may be more inclined toward lymphatic invasion. Our study provides new insights into the biological behaviors of this disease and its response to immunotherapy.
A venous access port assembly having a housing base, a flange, and a septum. The housing base defines an interior reservoir. The flange includes integrally molded X-ray discernable indicia identifying that the assembly is rated for power injection. The X-ray discernable indicia may extend through a height of the flange from a top surface to a bottom surface of the flange. According to one aspect, the flange may be formed from X-ray discernable material, and the X-ray discernable indicia may be formed from the X-ray discernable material of the flange, or they may be formed by voids in the X-ray discernable material. According to another aspect, the flange may be formed from a radiotransparent or radiolucent material and applied with a radiopaque agent, and the X-ray discernable indicia may be one or more voids in the radiopaque agent or may be portions of the flange applied with the radiopaque agent.
Numerous guidelines have called for personalized interventions to address childhood obesity. The role of fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) in the risk of childhood obesity has been summarized. However, it remains unclear whether FTO could influence individual responses to obesity interventions, especially in children. To address this, we systematically reviewed 12,255 records across 10 databases/registers and included 13 lifestyle-based obesity interventions (3980 children with overweight/obesity) reporting changes in body mass index (BMI) Z-score, BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat percentage after interventions. These obesity-related outcomes were first compared between children carrying different FTO genotypes (rs9939609 or its proxy) and then synthesized by random-effect meta-analysis models. The results from single-group interventions showed no evidence of associations between FTO risk allele and changes in obesity-related outcomes after interventions (e.g., BMI Z-score: -0.01; 95% CI: -0.04, 0.01). The results from controlled trials showed that associations between the FTO risk allele and changes in obesity-related outcomes did not differ by intervention/control group. To conclude, the FTO risk allele might play a minor role in the response to obesity interventions among children. Future studies might pay more attention to the accumulation effect of multiple genes in the intervention process among children.
In the controlled add-on trials, no correlation has been demonstrated between trough plasma concentrations of topiramate and clinical efficacy. No evidence of tolerance has been demonstrated in humans. Doses above 400 mg/day (600, 800, or 1000 mg/day) have not been shown to improve responses in dose-response studies in adults with partial onset seizures.

It is not necessary to monitor topiramate plasma concentrations to optimize topiramate therapy. On occasion, the addition of topiramate to phenytoin may require an adjustment of the dose of phenytoin to achieve optimal clinical outcome. Addition or withdrawal of phenytoin and/or carbamazepine during adjunctive therapy with topiramate may require adjustment of the dose of topiramate. Because of the bitter taste, tablets should not be broken.

Topiramate tablets can be taken without regard to meals.
A process for reducing the cost associated with providing patient care including the costs associated with the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers is provided. The process provides for the review of the present status and medical history of a patient, and the presence of one or more triggers is then evaluated. The process then matches each one of the triggers with a plurality of protocols. One or more protocols are then performed, dependent upon each of the triggers matched. The ongoing status of the patient is then monitored to determine any change therein, and the performance of the protocols is correspondingly adjusted. In one aspect of the invention at least a portion of the process is performed by a risk evaluation unit, wherein information associated with the present status, medical history, and ongoing status is supplied thereto. The process further generates a report including an intervention schedule. In another aspect of the invention, data including incidence rates of patients developing a pressure ulcer, costs for treating a pressure ulcer, cost associated with implementing a preventative measure, and an adjustment factor to the incidence rate corresponding to the implementation of the preventative measure is provided in an economic model. The economic model then determines an anticipated change in treatment costs corresponding to the anticipated reduction in pressure ulcers resulting from the implementation of the preventative measure. The economic model then compares the change in treatment costs to the cost of implementing the corresponding preventative measure, and produces the results of the comparison.
Omega-3-acid ethyl esters, USP, a lipid-regulating agent, are supplied as a liquid-filled gel capsule for oral administration. Each 1 gram capsule of omega-3-acid ethyl esters, USP contains at least 900 mg of the ethyl esters of omega-3 fatty acids sourced from fish oils. These are predominantly a combination of ethyl esters of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA - approximately 465 mg) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA - approximately 375 mg).

The empirical formula of EPA ethyl ester is C22H34O2, and the molecular weight of EPA ethyl ester is 330.51. The structural formula of EPA ethyl ester is:

The empirical formula of DHA ethyl ester is C24H36O2, and the molecular weight of DHA ethyl ester is 356.55. The structural formula of DHA ethyl ester is:

Omega-3-acid ethyl esters capsules, USP also contain the following inactive ingredients: alpha-tocopherol, gelatin, glycerin and purified water (components of the capsule shell).
PURPOSE:A remedy for burn, containing ubidecarenone which has been used for medicinal applications as a remedy for congestive heart failure as an active constituent suitable for dermal administration with little irritancy to the skin. CONSTITUTION:A remedy for burn containing ubidecarenone extracted from mitochondria of bovine cardiac muscle (yellow - orange crystalline powder, having 48-52 deg.C melting point, soluble in fat and scarcely soluble in water and methanol) as an active constituent and suitable for dermal administration. In the dermal administration, the ubidecarenone may be directly administered but preferably administered in the form of a pharmaceutical suitable for dermal application as much as possible. Another drug, e.g. cytochromec or urokinase, may be used and administered together with the ubidecarenone. The amount of the ubidecarenone to be incorporated is preferably 0.05-5.0%, particularly 0.1-2.0%.
INTRODUCTION: Data suggest atherosclerotic-related inflammation may play a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but large-scale studies are missing.
METHODS: In this nationwide case-control study, we used the Swedish Patient Register and the Epidemiology Strengthened by histoPathology Reports in Sweden cohort to identify adult cases of incident IBD between 2002 and 2021, with each case matched to up to 10 general population controls. We used conditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (OR) for exposure to an atherosclerotic-related condition (myocardial infarction, thromboembolic stroke, or atherosclerosis itself) before being diagnosed with IBD.
RESULTS: There were a total of 56,212 individuals with IBD and 531,014 controls. Of them, 2,334 (4.2%) cases and 18,222 (3.4%) controls had a prior diagnosis of an atherosclerotic-related condition, corresponding to an OR of 1.30 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24-1.37). Results were statistically significant for both Crohn's disease (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.26-1.48) and ulcerative colitis (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.20-1.35) and for individuals who developed IBD at 40-59 years of age and 60 years or older. In addition, associations persisted when adjusting for underlying comorbidities, including the presence of immune-mediated diseases and prior aspirin and/or statin use. The highest odds of an atherosclerotic-related condition were seen in the 6-12 months before IBD diagnosis, though odds were increased even ≥5 years before. A higher magnitude of odds was also observed when having 2 or more atherosclerotic-related conditions when compared with having only 1 condition.
DISCUSSION: A history of an atherosclerotic-related condition is associated with increased odds of developing IBD, particularly among older adults. Future studies should investigate whether drugs targeting atherosclerotic-related inflammation may prevent IBD in higher-risk individuals.
In addition to the standard-of-care physiotherapy program, the treatment group will additionally receive a training intervention utilizing sensor-based technology that provides 3D avatar training, supported by an accompanying app, to deliver personalized exercise regimens. This intervention aims to correct the pathological knee movement and loading patterns that exacerbate joint inflammation and contribute to the development of knee OA.
PD participants randomized to progressive resistance training PRT) will have 12 weeks of supervised PRT 3 times per week. After the 1st 12 weeks, responders to PRT (increase in slow wave sleep) will continue PRT for an additional 12 weeks, non-responders to PRT will transition to endurance training (ET).
Safety and effectiveness of RYKINDO have not been established in pediatric patients.

Juvenile Animal Toxicity Studies

Juvenile dogs were treated with oral risperidone from weeks 10 to 50 of age (equivalent to childhood through adolescence in humans) at doses of 0.31, 1.25, or 5 mg/kg/day (1.2, 3.4, or 13.5 times the MRHD of 6 mg/day for children, based on mg/m2 body surface area). Bone length and density were decreased with a no-effect dose of 0.31 mg/kg/day; this dose produced plasma AUCs of risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone combined that were similar to those in children and adolescents receiving the MRHD of 6 mg/day. In addition, sexual maturation was delayed at all doses in both males and females. The above effects showed little or no reversibility in females after a 12-week drug-free recovery period.

Juvenile rats treated with oral risperidone from days 12 to 50 of age (equivalent to the period of infancy through adolescence in humans) showed impaired learning and memory performance (reversible only in females) with a no-effect dose of 0.63 mg/kg/day (0.5 times the MRHD of 6 mg/day for children). This dose produced plasma AUCs of risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone combined that were approximately half the AUCs observed in humans at the MRHD. No other consistent effects on neurobehavioral or reproductive development were seen in juvenile rats given up to the highest tested dose of 1.25 mg/kg/day which is 1 time the MRHD and produced plasma AUCs of risperidone plus paliperidone that were about two thirds of those observed in humans at the MRHD of 6mg/day of children.
BACKGROUND: Early identification of overweight and obesity with the help of simple anthropometric tests can prevent from development of metabolic complications in these children. Body mass index (BMI) is the most commonly used parameter but, measurements such as waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and wrist circumference (WrC) have also been studied and found to have a better correlation with visceral fat.
OBJECTIVE: To correlate WC, WHtR and WrC with BMI among overweight and obese children. The secondary objective was to estimate the proportion of metabolic syndrome among obese and overweight children.
METHODS: A single-centre, cross-sectional study involving 80 overweight and obese children aged 3-15 years. Anthropometric measures such as WC, WHtR and WrC of the study subjects were correlated with BMI and investigated for metabolic syndrome.
RESULTS: Statistically significant and moderate positive correlation was found between BMI and WC, r (80)=0.45 and p<0.001 with WC explaining 20% of the variation of BMI. There was a statistically significant, moderate positive correlation between WHtR and BMI r (80)=0.34 and p<0.001 with 11% of the variation in BMI. There was a statistically significant strong positive correlation between WC and WrC (80)=0.61 and p<0.001, and WrC explains 37.2% of the variation in WC. However, there was no statistically significant correlation between BMI and WrC. Metabolic syndrome was found in 13 (16.25%) children.
CONCLUSION: Alternative anthropometric measurements such as WC and WHtR have a significant correlation with BMI and may be of help in defining overweight and obesity in children. There was a statistically significant strong positive correlation between WC and WrC among obese children. Metabolic syndrome is common in these children.
We report the case of a 79-year-old woman with primary lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in the urinary bladder. The patient, with urinary frequency, urgency and suprapubic pain had several emergency room visits due to recurrent urinary tract infection. Both sonogram and cystoscopy identified bladder tumors near the bladder neck. An abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan revealed a polypoid lesion on the anterior bladder wall without enlarged lymph nodes. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor was conducted. The pathology report confirmed extranodal marginal zone MALT lymphoma. The clinical stage was IEA. Follow-up imaging reported residual bladder tumors, prompting adjuvant radiotherapy. The patient was treated successfully and was disease-free at the 9-month follow-up visit. Primary lymphoma is an uncommon pathological subtype. Its clinical and radiological differentiation from urothelial carcinoma (UC) can be challenging, but treatment strategies differ significantly. A definitive diagnosis relies on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Typically, bladder lymphoma has a favorable prognosis, but further research is required to identify the optimal treatment.
After successful screening the cases of cirrhosis of liver irrespective of the etiology who have prior esophageal/gastroesophageal variceal bleeding will be enrolled. The baseline parameter will be recorded and the patient will be randomized into either interventional (synchronous vagus nerve-preserving laparoscopic splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection with intraoperative endoscopic variceal ligation (SVEL)) or control (single vagus nerve-preserving laparoscopic splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection without intraoperative endoscopic variceal ligation (SVEL)) group. From postoperative day 3, all patients will receive 100 mg oral aspirin enteric-coated tablets (Bayer, Leverkusen, Germany) once daily for 1 year, low-molecular-weight heparin (CS Bio, Hebei, China) subcutaneously (4.100 IU/day) for 5 days, and 25 mg of oral dipyridamole (Henan Furen, Henan, China) thrice daily for 3 months. At months 3, 6, and 12 after operation, endoscopic intervention will be done for all patients. Endoscopic variceal ligation was made if the diameter of the esophageal varices was \>5 mm. Postoperative complications of esophageal variceal re-bleeding and death due to re-bleeding will be recorded during the postoperative first year monitoring in the both groups as per the primary or secondary outcome.
In some embodiments, a method includes establishing a communications link between a computing device and an adapter. The adapter is configured to receive at least a portion of a medicament delivery device. A wireless signal is received to maintain the communications link. A relative position between the computing device and the adapter is determined. An alarm is produced when the wireless signal is not received within a time period. The alarm is based on the relative position between the computing device and the adapter.
The study will be based on forty HIV infected patients, receiving anti retroviral treatment (HAART), with CD4 levels between 150-350 and HIV plasma viral load \< 5000, for at least 12 months and despite continuous anti-retroviral treatment. The patients will be randomly divided into two groups, one that will get the T cell vaccination, and the other that will serve as controls. The T cell vaccine will be prepared from autologous T cells that responded by specific proliferation to recombinant CD4, further expanded in vitro by IL-2, and then fixed by glutaraldehyde. Each vaccine portion will consist of 10,000 such cells suspended in saline and given subcutaneously every three months during the first year of the trial. The outcome measures will be CD4 levels, specific immunity to HIV antigens, immune activation profile and HIV plasma viral loads, determined sequentially during the 24 months of the trial. These outcome measures will be compared between the experimental and the control groups, to determine if this mode of treatment is effective in influencing CD4 levels as an additional mode of treatment during HIV infection.
Headache is a common health problem. The most common headaches worldwide are migraine, tension-type headache (TTH), and cervicogenic headache (CGH). Due to the close anatomical relationship between the head and the cervical region, neck pain accompanies these headaches. Most of the previous studies examined the effects of exercise programs such as Cranio-Cervical Flexion Exercises (CCFE), posture exercises, muscle strengthening, and stretching exercises of the neck and shoulder on headaches. These studies presented the beneficial effects of CCFE which mostly targeted strengthening the superficial neck and shoulder muscles. However, the effects of cervical stabilization training including all of the cervical regions, thoracic regions, and the upper extremities in individuals with headaches are not yet known.
Pharmacological (and non-pharmacological) strategies that may significantly improve the negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia represent a critical unmet therapeutic need. There is wide acceptance of the notion that both negative and cognitive symptoms are best understood as features of hypo- rather than hyperdopaminergic activity. The primary negative and cognitive symptoms appear central to schizophrenia and predate the neurodevelopmental changes that subsequently give rise to the hyperdopaminergic state underlying positive symptoms. In using L-Dopa specifically, we avoid the abuse potential of agents such as the psychostimulants, or perturbations in pharmacological action as a function of dose, as observed with dopamine agonists. Further, more recent neuroimaging studies have provided in vivo evidence in keeping with the underlying rationale. First, imaging studies have demonstrated that L-dopa induces shifts in activity in both cortical and subcortical structures linked to reward, affect and cognition. Along similar lines, L-dopa-induced changes have been associated with improvement in motivation, cognitive tasks, and affect.
FIELD: chemical industry. SUBSTANCE: present invention describes novel method of preparing finasteride, 17β-[N- tert-butylcarbamoyl] -4-aza-5α-androst-1-en-3-one (2) which comprises reacting ester I, 17β-carboalkoxy-4-aza- 5α-androst-1-en-3-one with t-butylamine magnesium halide present in molar ratio to ester of least 2:1. Product is formed from t-butyl amine and aliphatic aryl magnesium halide at ambient temperature in inert organic solvent in inert gas atmosphere and finasteride product is then heater and recovered. Present invention also describes two polymorphous crystalline forms I and II of finasteride and methods of preparation thereof. Finasteride is 5α-reductase inhibitor. EFFECT: more efficient preparation method. 36 cl, 4 ex
Participants who are assigned to the Conventional group will receive sham tDCS. The active stimulation will be delivered for the first 30 seconds only.