anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: Antistaphylococcal penicillins and cefazolin have been used as first line therapy in Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection. While efficacy of both regimens seems to be similar, the compounds may differ with regard to tolerability. This study aims to describe the clinical use of cefazolin and flucloxacillin, focussing on discontinuation or change of anti-infective agent due to adverse events.
METHODS: This observational prospective study was conducted at two German tertiary care centres with an internal recommendation of flucloxacillin for MSSA-BSI in one, and of cefazolin in the other centre. Adverse events were registered weekly under treatment and at a 90-day follow-up. Descriptive analysis was complemented by a propensity score analysis comparing adverse events (stratified rank-based test applied to the sum of Common Terminology Criteria for adverse events ratings per patient).
RESULTS: Of 71 patients included, therapy was initiated with flucloxacillin in 56 (79%), and with cefazolin in 15 (21%). The propensity score analysis indicates a statistically significant difference concerning the severity of adverse events between the treatment groups in favour of cefazolin (p = 0.019). Adverse events led to discontinuation of flucloxacillin in 7 individuals (13% of all patients receiving flucloxacillin). Clinical outcome was not different among treatment groups.
CONCLUSION: Using cefazolin rather than flucloxacillin as a first line agent for treatment of MSSA-BSI is supported by these clinical data.
BACKGROUND: Sepsis is an infection-related systemic inflammatory response that often leads to elevated lactate levels. Monitoring lactate levels during severe sepsis is vital for influencing clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the association between plasma lactate levels and mortality in children with severe sepsis or septic shock.
METHODS: The current prospective study was conducted in the PICU of University Children's Hospital. The International Paediatric Sepsis Consensus Conference criteria for Definitions of Sepsis and Organ Failure in 2005 were used to diagnose patients with sepsis. We measured plasma lactate levels upon admission (Lac H0) and 6 h later (Lac H6). The static indices included the absolute lactate values (Lac H0 and Lac H6), while the dynamic indices included the delta-lactate level (ΔLac) and the 6-hour lactate clearance. The 6-hour lactate clearance was calculated using the following formula: [(Lac H0-Lac H6)100/Lac H0]. ΔLac was calculated as the difference between the Lac H0 and Lac H6 levels. Patient survival or death after a PICU stay was the primary outcome.
RESULTS: A total of 46 patients were included in this study: 25 had septic shock, and 21 had severe sepsis. The mortality rate was 54.3%. The Lac H0 did not significantly differ between survivors and nonsurvivors. In contrast, the survivors had significantly lower Lac H6 levels, higher ΔLac levels, and higher 6-hour lactate clearance rates than nonsurvivors. Lactate clearance rates below 10%, 20%, and 30% were significantly associated with mortality. The best cut-off values for the lactate clearance rate and Lac H6 for the prediction of mortality in the PICU were < 10% and ≥ 4 mmol/L, respectively. Patients with higher Lac H6 levels and lower lactate clearance rates had significantly higher PICU mortality based on Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the significance of lactate level trends over time for the prediction of mortality in the PICU in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. Elevated lactate levels and decreased lactate clearance six hours after hospitalisation are associated with a higher mortality rate.
PURPOSE: A composition for preventing or treating atopic dermatitis is provided to suppress bacteria and fungi and to relieve atopy. CONSTITUTION: A composition for preventing or treating atopic dermatitis contains 80-90 volume% of deep seawater, 5-15 volume% of honey bee, 0.4-0.6 volume% of vinegar, and 0.5-1.0 volume% of chitosan. The hardness of deep seawater is 50-300 mg/L. The vinegar contains 5-10 weight% of brown rice. The chitosan is water soluble free amine chitosan. A method for producing water soluble free amine chitosan comprises: a step of treating solution of organic acid or inorganic acid salt of chitosan oligosaccharide with trialkyl amine; a step of adding organic solvent to the solution and collecting chitosan oligosaccharide in which organic acid or inorganic acid is removed in a form of trialkyl amine salt; and a step of treating the chitosan oligosaccharide solution and purifying by activated carbon/ion exchange resin column.
Urinary incontinence is a common complication following radical prostatectomy, as the surgery disturbs critical anatomical structures. This study explored how pudendal nerve (PN) injury affects urinary continence in male rats. In an acute study, leak point pressure (LPP) and external urethral sphincter electromyography (EMG) were performed on six male rats with an intact urethra, the urethra exposed (UE), the PN exposed (NE), and after PN transection (PNT). In a chronic study, LPP and EMG were tested in 67 rats 4 days, 3 weeks, or 6 weeks after sham PN injury, PN crush (PNC), or PNT. Urethras were assessed histologically. Acute PNT caused a significant decrease in LPP and EMG amplitude and firing rate compared to other groups. PNC resulted in a significant reduction in LPP and EMG firing rate 4 days, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks later. EMG amplitude was also significantly reduced 4 days and 6 weeks after PNC. Neuromuscular junctions were less organized and less innervated after PNC or PNT at all timepoints compared to sham injured animals. Collagen infiltration was significantly increased after PNC and PNT compared to sham at all timepoints. This rat model could facilitate preclinical testing of neuroregenerative therapies for post-prostatectomy incontinence.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an ultraviolet light absorber having high safety and light stability and exhibiting excellent activity. SOLUTION: This ultraviolet light absorber contains yangonin or a plant extract containing it as a main component in a dried a amount of 0.05-30wt.%. Yangonin is obtained by extracting a plant belonging to the family Piperaceae, especially rhizome of Betula platyphylla var japonica belonging to the genus Piper with a solvent (e.g.; toluene) and purifying the extract, as necessary. Yangonin has 360nm maximum absorption wavelength and excellent ultraviolet light absorption in UV-A and UV-B regions. The objection ultraviolet light- absorbing skin preparation for external use in the state of a liquid, an emulsion- like, creamy, a tick-like, etc., can be prepared by suitably mixing various components usually used for cosmetics, quasi-drugs with the yangonin.
BACKGROUND: The associations between sleep patterns or behaviors and the risk of cirrhosis and the influence of genetic susceptibility on these associations among NAFLD participants remain inadequately elucidated.
METHODS: This study conducted a prospective follow-up of 112,196 NAFLD participants diagnosed at baseline from the UK Biobank cohort study. Five sleep behaviors were collected to measure a healthy sleep score. Five genetic variants were used to construct a polygenic risk score. We used Cox proportional hazard model to assess hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incidence of cirrhosis.
RESULTS: During the follow-up, 592 incident cirrhosis cases were documented. Healthy sleep pattern was associated with reduced risk of cirrhosis in a dose-response manner (ptrend < 0.001). Participants with favourable sleep score (versus unfavourable sleep score) had an HR of 0.55 for cirrhosis risk (95% CI 0.39-0.78). Multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of cirrhosis incidence for NAFLDs with no frequent insomnia, sleeping for 7-8 h per day, and no excessive daytime dozing behaviors were 0.73 (0.61-0.87), 0.79 (0.66-0.93), and 0.69 (0.50-0.95), respectively. Compared with participants with favourable sleep pattern and low genetic risk, those with unfavourable sleep pattern and high genetic risk had higher risks of cirrhosis incidence (HR 3.16, 95% CI 1.88-5.33). In addition, a significant interaction between chronotype and genetic risk was detected for the incidence of cirrhosis (p for multiplicative interaction = 0.004).
CONCLUSION: An association was observed between healthy sleep pattern and decreased risk of cirrhosis among NAFLD participants, regardless of low or high genetic risk.
Patients received Ruxolitinib 25 mg twice daily for up to 12 cycles (cycle duration=28 days) until evidence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients enrolled sequentially into two possible cohorts based on pStat3+ expression score by central testing: Cohort A - moderate to high positive status defined as a score of \>/=5 by central testing or Cohort B - low positive status defined as a score of 3-4. Each cohort was evaluated with a 2 stage design. Cohort B only opened if 2 objective responses were observed in 1st stage Cohort A patients (n=21).
The Waitlist/Treatment as Usual (WL/TAU)condition completes the same assessments as the active treatment group but does not undergo the active treatment (workshop) until after the 12-week follow-up visit. At that point, the WL/TAU participants are given the opportunity to join a treatment workshop.
UNLABELLED: The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score has demonstrated its ability to identify patients with poor nutritional status and predict various clinical outcomes. Our objective was to assess the association between the CONUT score, inflammatory status, and body composition, as well as its ability to identify patients at risk of frailty in hospitalized elderly patients.
METHODS: a total of 361 patients were retrospectively recruited and divided into three groups based on the CONUT score.
RESULTS: patients with a score ≥5 exhibited significantly higher levels of inflammatory markers, such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), Neutrophil/Lymphocytes ratio (NLR), main platelet volume (MPV), and ferritin, compared to those with a lower score. Furthermore, these patients showed unfavorable changes in body composition, including a lower percentage of skeletal muscle mass (MM) and fat-free mass (FFM) and a higher percentage of fatty mass (FM). A positive correlation was found between the CONUT score and inflammatory markers, Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS-SF), and FM. Conversely, the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Mini-Mental Status Examination, activity daily living (ADL), instrumental activity daily living (IADL), Barthel index, FFM, and MM showed a negative correlation. Frailty was highly prevalent among patients with a higher CONUT score. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve demonstrated high accuracy in identifying frail patients (sensitivity).
CONCLUSIONS: a high CONUT score is associated with a pro-inflammatory status as well as with unfavorable body composition. Additionally, it is a good tool to identify frailty among hospitalized elderly patients.
These women will be found primarily in the Women's Health Clinic, when being seen for their routine antepartum appointments. Most of them will be recruited at about 36 weeks, since they will be having a pelvic exam at this time, as part of their routine antepartum care.
Abatacept (Orencia®) will be given i.v. at weeks 0, 2, 4, and then every 4 weeks until week 48 at a weight adjusted dose: \<60 kg Body weight (BW): 500 mg; \>60-100 kg BW: 750 mg; alternatively, based on preference and shared decision between patient and physician, patients randomized to the abatacept arm may receive s.c.application at a dose of 125mg weekly.
Tic disorder is a common neuropsychiatric disorder in children and adolescents. Medication is not effective and has side effect. Exploring new treatment methods is one of the research pathway of this disease.Continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) is relatively safe and effective, and its efficacy in psychiatric diseases has been gradually recognized. However, the results of current researches of tic disorder treatment are varied, and the evaluation method is relatively single. This project intends to adopt fmri-guided stimulation target and navigated cTBS to intervene patients with tics and explore individualized cTBS treatment parameters of tics, including stimulation frequency, intensity, type, time and stimulation target. Previous studies for deep brain stimulation reported that the medial globus pallidus (GPi) showed an obvious curative effect. And a deep brain area can be modulated indirectly by a superficial target via functional connectivity. Therefore, the present study attempts to stimulate the superficial target in supplementary motor area (SMA), lateral motor area (M1) which functionally connected with GPi or thalamus since the thalamus also a commonly reported abnormal brain area of Tic. Combined with clinical symptoms and neuroimaging, the therapeutic effect of cTBS in children with tic disorder was comprehensively evaluated in order to provide a new therapeutic method and a better therapeutic effect for the disease.
This study aims to investigate the relationship between weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI), a new body index, and sarcopenia, while also assessing the potential of WWI as a tool for screening sarcopenic patients. The cross-sectional study involved adults who possessed complete data on WWI and appendicular skeletal muscle mass from the 1999-2006 and 2011-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Weighted multivariate regression and logistic regression analyses were employed to explore the independent relationship between WWI and sarcopenia. The study included 26,782 participants. The results showed that WWI demonstrated a positive correlation with sarcopenia risk. In the fully adjusted model, with each 1 unit increase in WWI, the risk of developing sarcopenia rose 14.55 times higher among males (OR: 14.55, 95% CI 12.33, 17.15) and 2.86 times higher among females (OR: 2.86, 95% CI 2.59, 3.15). The optimal cutoff values of WWI for sarcopenia were 11.26 cm/√kg for males and 11.39 cm/√kg for females. Individuals with a higher WWI have an increased risk of developing sarcopenia, and a high WWI functions as a risk factor for sarcopenia. Assessing WWI could assist in identifying individuals at risk of sarcopenia.
PURPOSE: People with intellectual disabilities often show challenging behaviour, which can manifest itself in self-harm or aggression towards others. Real-time monitoring of stress in clients with challenging behaviour can help caregivers to promptly deploy interventions to prevent escalations, ultimately to improve the quality of life of client and caregiver. This study aimed to assess the impact of real-time stress monitoring with HUME, and the subsequent interventions deployed by the care team, on stress levels and quality of life.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Real-time stress monitoring was used in 41 clients with intellectual disabilities in a long-term care setting over a period of six months. Stress levels were determined at the start and during the deployment of the stress monitoring system. The quality of life of the client and caregiver was measured with the Outcome Rating Scale at the start and at three months of use.
RESULTS: The results showed that the HUME-based interventions resulted in a stress reduction. The perceived quality of life was higher after three months for both the clients and caregivers. Furthermore, interventions to provide proximity were found to be most effective in reducing stress and increasing the client's quality of life.
CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrates that real-time stress monitoring with the HUME and the following interventions were effective. There was less stress in clients with an intellectual disability and an increase in the perceived quality of life. Future larger and randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled coating material containing chitosan organic acid salt. CONSTITUTION:The objective coating material for remedy of athlete's food contains a chitosan organic acid salt (e.g. acetate, propionate, lactate, citrate, adipate, etc.). The chitosan used in the above material is a deacetylated chitosan having free amino acid and produced by treating chitin originated from crust of invertebrate with a concentrated alkali. The deacetylation degree of chitosan is 30-100%, preferably 50-90%. When chitosan is dissolved in an aqueous solution of an organic acid, its concentration is selected to form 0.5-10% chitosan organic acid salt. The concentration of the organic acid in the above process is comparable to or lower than the concentration of chitosan. It is applied to cleaned diseased part direct application or spraying, etc. EFFECT:It has mild action and is suitable for eradicating athlete's food by long- term treatment.
Out of 38 patients included for surgery 12 were excluded due to poor follow up and those patients who underwent upfront surgery. Only 26 patients were included in the study. There were 20 (76.9%) males and 6 (23.1%) females respectively. The mean age of the patient was 43.577yrs (26-75) and mean BMI was 20.78. The number of patients that underwent LAR was 24 (92.30%) and those who underwent APR were 2( 7.6%) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy respectively.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent medical conditions, affecting a staggering 246 million people worldwide. Obstructive sleep apnea is a relatively common and often undiagnosed condition in the general population. Cross-sectional studies of clinic and population-based samples suggest that up to 40% of patients with obstructive sleep apnea have type 2 diabetes and up to 75% of patients with type 2 diabetes have obstructive sleep apnea. There is increasing evidence that the pathophysiological features of intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation may be responsible for altering glucose homeostasis and worsening insulin sensitivity. The mechanisms through which obstructive sleep apnea impairs glucose metabolism are largely unknown. While intermittent hypoxemia and sleep fragmentation are likely to play an essential role, the relative contribution of each in the causal pathway remains to be determined. Moreover, whether the adverse effects of intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation are mediated through an increase in sympathetic nervous system activity, alterations in corticotropic function, and/or systemic inflammation is not known. Furthermore, it remains to be determined whether positive pressure therapy for obstructive sleep apnea has salutary effects on glucose metabolism. Many of the available studies examining the effects of PAP on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity are plagued by small sample sizes, lack of a control group, and limited data on compliance with positive pressure therapy. The current study will assess, using a community-based sample, whether treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with positive pressure therapy will improve insulin sensitivity, as assessed by the frequently sample intravenous glucose tolerance test (primary outcome measure).
A method, apparatus, and system for preventing medication errors by providing warnings at the time of medication administration. A user/administrator of medication and a patient are identified to the system. Once the patient is identified, a graphical user interface (GUI) listing available medications for that patient is displayed. The user selects a medication for administration from the GUI. One or more compliance rules are associated with one or more medications. Each compliance rule provides the text for a comment or warning to be displayed upon the occurrence of a specified condition. The condition may be based on an attribute of the medication or patient such as the name of the medication, allergies of the patient, etc. If a condition is satisfied, the comment/warning in the compliance rule associated with the medication is displayed to the user. If the user opts to continue with the administration of the medication, the medication is added to a confirmation list where the user administers the medication and may enter additional information regarding the administration (e.g., time of administration, notes, etc.). The compliance rules may be invoked to display a comment/warning regarding the traditional five patient rights—right patient, right medication, right dose, right route and right time. Additionally, the compliance rules may be invoked to display a comment/warning regarding many additional causes of medication errors. Such rules may include look-alike medications, sound-alike medications, physical act requirements, dosage requirements, monitor/health equipment requirements, route requirements, dilution requirements, test requirements, and lethal/toxic substance warnings.
The invention relates to a medicament for treating women pelvic cavity masses. The medicament is prepared from Chinese medicinal materials such as Chinese angelica, rhubarb, dried ginger, rhizoma corydalis, salvia miltiorrhiza bunge, peach seed, safflower, red paeony root, eupolyphaga and the like. The medicament is prepared by the following steps of: preparing the Chinese medicinal materials according to the conventional preparation method of each Chinese medicinal material; mixing, pulverizing and sieving the Chinese medicinal materials; packing the mixture into capsules No.0, wherein each capsule comprises 0.4 to 0.6 gram of crude medicaments. According to Chinese dialectical therapy, most of the women pelvic cavity masses are concerned with dampness and heat stagnation, cold and dampness stagnation, qi stagnation and blood stasis and viscera function disorder, so the medicament has the effects of invigorating blood circulation and dissipating stagnation, removing blood stasis and stimulating menstrual flow, adjusting liver and tonifying spleen, regulating the normal flow of qi and stopping pain, promoting blood circulation, breaking blood stasis and eliminating women pelvic cavity blood clots. The medicament has the advantages of reasonable formula, convenient administration, good curative effect, no toxic or side effect, elimination of blood stasis and promotion of blood circulation, so diseases are cured by the medicament. According to clinical experiment observation for more than 20 years, the total effective rate of the medicament is 98 percent; the total recovery rate is 98 percent; and no patient relapses during follow-up visit of 5 years.
PURPOSE: An antiviral agent for avian influenza, containing green tea is provided to effectively treat or prevent flue including avian influenza. CONSTITUTION: An antiviral agent for avian influenza for contains 0.01-10 weight parts of green tea as an active ingredient. The green tea is administered in a drink using green tea extract or feed additive using green tea powder. The drink is prepared by hot water extraction by adding 100-1000 weight parts of water to 1 weight part of green tea powder. The feed additive contains 0.01-30 weight parts of green tea powder in 100 weight parts of feed. A neutraceutical food for avian influenza contains green tea as an active ingredient.
The present invention relates to a method for extracting Cordyceps sp. and an extract obtained by the method, and more specifically, to a method for extracting Cordyceps sp. which comprises the following: a step of pulverizing Cordyceps sp. into a particle size of 0.5-3 mm; and a step of performing supercritical extraction using supercritical carbon dioxide on the pulverized product at a temperature of 50-70C and in the pressure of 300-350 bar. According to the present invention, the production costs are reduced by improving the extraction yield of an extract of Cordyceps sp., and therefore, the extract of Cordyceps sp. can be applied to various fields such as medicines and health supplement food, as well as shampoos, conditioners, cosmetics, etc.