anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE/AIM OF THE STUDY: There is still no evidence of which drug has the greatest therapeutic potential for post-traumatic arthrofibrosis. The aim of this study is to systematically review the literature for quality evidence and perform a meta-analysis about the pharmacological therapies of post-traumatic arthrofibrosis in preclinical models.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive and systematic search strategy was performed in three databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science) retrieving studies on the effectiveness of pharmacological therapies in the management of post-traumatic arthrofibrosis using preclinical models in terms of biomechanical outcomes. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the SYRCLE's risk of bias tool. A meta-analysis using a random-effects model was conducted if a minimum of three studies reported homogeneous outcomes for drugs with the same action mechanism.
RESULTS: Forty-six studies were included in the systematic review and evaluated for risk of bias. Drugs from 6 different action mechanisms of 21 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, the methodological quality of the studies was poor. Statistically significant overall effect in favor of reducing contracture was present for anti-histamines (Chi2 p = 0.75, I2 = 0%; SMD (Standardized Mean Difference) = -1.30, 95%CI: -1.64 to -0.95, p < 0.00001) and NSAIDs (Chi2 p = 0.01, I2 = 63%; SMD= -0.93, 95%CI: -1.58 to -0.28, p = 0.005).
CONCLUSIONS: Anti-histamines, particularly ketotifen, have the strongest evidence of efficacy for prevention of post-traumatic arthrofibrosis. Some studies suggest a potential role for NSAIDs, particularly celecoxib, although heterogeneity among the included studies is significant.
This initiative represents development and pilot testing of a 16 week circuit training exercise program for persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) to be implemented within a rehabilitation centre (Parkwood Institute, London, ON). The primary purpose of this trial is one of feasibility - i.e., testing out several aspects of the trial for the purposes of determining what features of the exercise intervention and the various outcome measurements might be a part of subsequent trials. In addition, a subset of this data will serve as preliminary comparison information for Dr. Dany Gagnon's study at the University of Montreal. In this way, this is not a true multi-centre trial in that we are not conducting an identical protocol to a study he is conducting. Rather, we are using some of the same outcome measures and an exercise intervention that has some similar parameters to one that he is implementing in Montreal - with a view to providing a preliminary comparison of outcomes of a subset of participants in our study so as to inform the development of future studies. For this reason, the group of community-dwelling persons with SCI will have more cardio-metabolic outcome measurements taken, as they represent the primary group of interest to Dr. Gagnon.

Overall, the program will integrate members of the community who are \> 18 months post-injury (n=8) with those currently participating in SCI rehabilitation as inpatients (n=8). Outcomes will be collected to test the effects of the program on an array of cardio-metabolic measures in those participants with chronic SCI, as well as the feasibility of the program for all participants (N=16). Note: although a participant can decline to continue participation at any time, it is likely that many inpatient participants will choose to not continue participation if this proves logistically difficult (if they move back to their home community away from London).
Chronic hepatitis B is the commonest cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in Hong Kong. Approximately 50% of patients had negative hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), which indicates an escape of host immune clearance by the host. Oral antiviral drugs are very effective in suppressing viral replication and inducing biochemical remission \[1\]. However, the timing to stop oral antiviral agents is controversial. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance has been recommended as the best time for drug cessation for HBeAg-negative patients \[2,3\], but its occurrence is very uncommon especially among Asian patients. The Asian Pacific guideline recommended stopping treatment when serum HBV DNA became undetectable for three times within 12 months \[4\], but approximately 50% of patients will experience virologic relapse post-treatment \[5,6\].

HBsAg quantification has been shown to correlate with the concentration of covalently closed circular DNA in the liver \[7\]. In a Hong Kong study among 53 HBeAg-negative patients who stopped lamivudine, HBsAg ≤ 100 IU/ml and/or reduction of \> 1 log at the end of treatment could predict sustained response up to 5 years post-treatment \[8\]. In other words, it is probable that patients who have a lower serum HBsAg level, which may reflect a lower concentration of virus inside the liver, have a lower risk of viral relapse after stopping antiviral therapy.
This invention relates to novel, therapeutically active oxazinoisoquinoline derivatives of formula (I), wherein R1 means hydrogen, a C¿1-4? alkyl, phenyl or phenyl-C1-4 alkyl group; one of R?2 and R3¿ stands for a C¿1-4? alkoxy group and the other one represents a phenyl-C1-4 alkoxy group optionally substituted by a C1-4 alkyl group in the aromatic nucleus; and R?4¿ stands for a phenyl group optionally substituted by a C¿1-4? alkyl group in the aromatic nucleus and their solvates, their individual optically active and geometric isomers and mixtures of isomers as well as acid additon salts thereof. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing the above compounds and a process for their preparation. The compounds of formula (I) are capable of inhibiting the calcium uptake to brain cells and have a protective effect in hypobaric hypoxia. Thus, they are useful in the protection from brain injuries of hypoxic origin.
Participants will be randomized to receive single doses of minzasolmin with and without food on different Days with a 4-day Washout Period between doses. A: Granules in capsule (fasting); B: Tablet formulation (fasting); C: Tablet formulation (fed).
The present invention relates to MHC-Ia open conformational isomers as immunomodulators, in particular in the treatment or prevention of cancer. The open conformational isomer comprises or consists of first and second monomers, and each monomer comprises an HLA heavy chain from an MHC-Ia molecule. The open conformational isomer further comprises a protein stabilizing polypeptide sequence and optionally an amino acid linker. Other aspects of the invention provide combination agents comprising an MHC-Ia open conformational isomer and an immune checkpoint inhibitor. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of MHC-Ia open conformational isomers as immunomodulators, in particular in diseases in which interactions with various immunomodulatory receptors, such as KIR3DL1, KIR3DL2, KIR3DL3, LILRB1, LILRB2 and PTPRJ modulate the immune response, and in diseases (e.g. infectious diseases) in which negative regulation of tregs is a therapeutic strategy.
BACKGROUND: The ultra-rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder, You-Hoover-Fong Syndrome (YHFS), is caused by defects in the TELO2 gene and is characterized by intellectual disability, developmental delay, and ocular impairments. This study aims to contribute to a better understanding of YHFS by reviewing previous cases and introducing a novel variant in a new case.
METHODS: Whole exome sequencing (WES) was conducted on the proband to identify genetic variants, and Sanger sequencing was used to confirm variants within the family. This article presents a comprehensive collection of reported cases of YHFS, incorporating both molecular and clinical data, through an extensive literature search and analysis of English-language studies published until June 2023.
RESULTS: Using WES, a novel homozygous missense variant, c.1799A > G (p. Tyr600Cys), was identified in the TELO2 gene in a 4-year-old Iranian male patient. Novel clinical features, including choanal atresia and clubfoot, were also identified. A comprehensive literature review identified 27 patients with YHFS, with 20 variants in the TELO2 gene. Missense pathogenic variants were the most common type of pathogenic variant, and the most common features were microcephaly and intellectual impairment.
CONCLUSION: This study presents the first case of pathogenic variants in TELO2 gene in Iran, expands the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of YHFS and contributes to the growing body of literature pertaining to YHFS. Furthermore, our findings highlight the importance of genetic testing for non-consanguineous carrier screening, as compound heterozygosity may be a significant factor in the development of YHFS. Further research is needed to clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying YHFS pathogenesis.
The control group will receive at least physiotherapy and physical therapy (e.g. massage and fango). Under inpatient conditions therapy will last for seven days. After discharge physical therapy has to be continued for 5 weeks. A schedule will ensure the consistency of the physical therapy. The inpatient-treatment can be repeated every 6 months if necessary.
Objective To investigate the impact of the cannabinoid receptor agonist arachidonyl-2'-chloroethylamide (ACEA) on cognitive function in mice with sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) groups. The SAE model was established by intraventricular injection of LPS. The severity of sepsis in mice was assessed by sepsis severity score (MSS) and body mass changes. Behavioral paradigms were used to evaluate motor ability (open field test) and cognitive function (contextual fear conditioning test, Y-maze test). To evaluate the effects of ACEA intervention on SAE, mice were randomly assigned to ACSF group, ACEA intervention combined with ACSF group, LPS group, and ACEA intervention combined with LPS group. The dosage of ACEA intervention was 1.5 mg/kg. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in mouse hippocampal tissues. Western blot analysis was used to assess the protein levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the hippocampus. Nissl staining was performed to examine neuronal damage in the CA1 region of the mouse hippocampus. Behavioral paradigms were again employed to evaluate motor ability and cognitive function. Results Three days after intraventricular LPS injection, mice exhibited significant cognitive dysfunction, confirming SAE modeling. Compared to the control group, the LPS group showed significant increases in mRNA of inflammatory factors such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β, together with significant increases in IL-6 and TNF-α protein levels in the hippocampus, a decrease in Nissl bodies in the CA1 region, and significant cognitive dysfunction. Compared to the LPS group, the ACEA intervention group showed a significant decrease in the mRNA of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β, a significant reduction in IL-6 and TNF-α protein levels, an increase in Nissl bodies, and improved cognitive function. Conclusion ACEA improves cognitive function in SAE mice by inhibiting the expression levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α.
The UK Prospective Diabetes Study has shown that β-cell function progressively deteriorates over time in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus,irrespective of lifestyle and existing pharmacological interventions. The progressive nature of type 2 diabetes is one of the major challenges in the treatment of affected patients, and agents that could alter the natural history of this condition would add greatly to current treatment approaches.Short-term intensive insulin therapy of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes has been proved improving beta-cell function and usually leading to a temporary remission time,but the remission rate in a year is only about 50%. The effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists on beta-cells is stimulation of glucose-dependent insulin release, followed by enhancement of insulin biosynthesis. It is stimulating beta-cell proliferation, induction of islet neogenesis, and inhibition of ß-cell apoptosis. Exenatide is an GLP-1 receptor agonist. Exenatide exerts direct effects on β-cell, which indicates that may contribute to delay disease progression. However, no study has evaluated effect of short-term intensive insulin sequential exenatide therapy model on β-cell function and glycemic remission rate in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Our hypotheses is whether GLP-1 receptor agonists sequential therapy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients can further improve glycemic control, diabetes remission rate and β-cell function after the short-term insulin intensive therapy.
The invention belongs to the field of pharmaceutical preparations, and provides a pharmaceutical albumin nanoparticle, a preparation method and application of the nanoparticle to tumor targeting therapy. The nanoparticle is made from two types of proteins, namely avidin and albumin, encapsulating slightly-soluble antitumor drugs. The electrostatic interaction exists between avidin and albumin, and avidin in the nanoparticle can be combined with biotin. Avidin can target the nanoparticle encapsulating the drugs on a biotin enrichment part. Before the application of the nanoparticle, a biotinylated antibody is used for pre-targeting on a tumor part, and can improve the distribution of a nanoparticle preparation in the tumor part. The biotinylated antibody and the nanoparticle preparation are combined for therapy, thereby playing better antitumor effect than the effect played by the combination of a monoclonal antibody and an albumin nanoparticle without avidin.
Respondents will be randomized to an AMA statement acknowledging racial injustice read by an African American individual. The messenger / doctor in the follow-up AMA videos will also be African American - the message on Covid-19 will not include information on the disproportionate impact on communities of color.
A method and apparatus for monitoring and/or managing adherence to a medication regimen that involves use of a sensor. Dispensing medicine from a container commonly involves pressure being applied to the container, which results in expansion of the container. In some embodiments, pressure is applied by a user through an aperture of the apparatus. In some embodiments, a processor monitors pressure sensor data from a pressure sensor that is physically coupled to the container and arranged such that activation of the pressure sensor indicates the container has expanded in response to the user applying pressure. A processor analyzes the pressure sensor data to determine whether medicine has been dispensed from the container. A computer system can compare the dispensed medication to a planned medication regimen to determine a state of compliance with the medication regimen.
The invention provides a hospital multi-stage medical index quality control method and system. The system comprises a user authentication subsystem and a human-computer interaction interface. In response to a touch selection of a current user for a user service icon, activating the user service icon, the user service icon acquiring medical metric data from a plurality of application sources in communication therewith; the visual quality control analysis engine summarizes a plurality of groups of medical index data acquired by a plurality of different user service icons for quality control analysis. And displaying the multi-level association analysis result of the highlighted medical index data on the second device in a visualized mode in response to the visualization instruction. The number and range of the highlighted medical index data are less than the number and range of the plurality of sets of medical index data. The method comprises the step of carrying out visual quality control analysis on medical index data generated by a plurality of medical acquisition terminals within a preset monitoring range. The invention also provides electronic equipment for implementing the method. The invention can realize hierarchical active quality control and visual analysis of multi-level medical indexes.
In postmarketing use, serious hypersensitivity reactions were observed during or shortly following sulfur hexafluoride lipid-containing microsphere administration including:

Anaphylaxis, with manifestations that may include death, shock, bronchospasm, dyspnea, throat tightness, angioedema, edema (pharyngeal, palatal, mouth, peripheral, localized), swelling (face, eye, lip, tongue, upper airway), facial hypoesthesia, rash, urticaria, pruritus, flushing, and erythema.

These reactions may occur in patients with no history of prior exposure to sulfur hexafluoride lipid-containing microspheres. Lumason contains PEG. There may be increased risk of serious reactions including death in patients with prior hypersensitivity reaction(s) to PEG [see Adverse Reactions (6.2)]. Clinically assess patients for prior hypersensitivity reactions to products containing PEG, such as certain colonoscopy bowel preparations and laxatives. Always have cardiopulmonary resuscitation personnel and equipment readily available prior to Lumason administration and monitor all patients for hypersensitivity reactions.
LTLD will be administered intravenously in combination with MR-HIFU ablation on day 1 of every 21 day cycle. There will be two potential dose escalation of LTLD with highest dose not to exceed the adult recommended MTD. Patients may receive up to a total of 6 cycles.
Relapse to alcohol abuse, often caused by cue-induced alcohol craving, is a major challenge in alcohol addiction treatment. Therefore, disrupting the cue-alcohol memories can suppress relapse. Upon retrieval, memories transiently destabilize before they reconsolidate in a process that requires protein synthesis. Evidence suggests that the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), governing the translation of a subset of dendritic proteins, is crucial for memory reconsolidation. Here, we explored the involvement of two regulatory pathways of mTORC1, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT and extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), in the reconsolidation process in a rat (Wistar) model of alcohol self-administration. We found that retrieval of alcohol memories using an odor-taste cue increased ERK1/2 activation in the amygdala, while the PI3K-AKT pathway remained unaffected. Importantly, ERK1/2 inhibition after alcohol memory retrieval impaired alcohol-memory reconsolidation and led to long-lasting relapse suppression. Attenuation of relapse was also induced by post-retrieval administration of lacosamide, an inhibitor of collapsin response mediator protein-2 (CRMP2)-a translational product of mTORC1. Together, our findings indicate the crucial role of ERK1/2 and CRMP2 in the reconsolidation of alcohol memories, with their inhibition as potential treatment targets for relapse prevention.
Background/Rationale: The Veterans Administration (VA) faces a substantial challenge in trying to improve symptomatic care. An important priority is how to ensure pain relief. Studies show that pain is a major symptom for patients with advanced chronic illness in general. Drawing upon different clinical paradigms for the evaluation and treatment of pain, this study focuses on improving measurement and interpretation of routine pain screening in ambulatory VA patients as an important step to improving end-of-life care. Objective(s): In a variety of outpatient settings (hospital-based, large outpatient multi-specialty, and community-based) at the VA Greater Los Angeles (GLA) and Long Beach (LB) Healthcare Systems, we conducted surveys to capture patient, nurse, and clinician perspectives to evaluate the reliability and validity of pain as a 5th vital sign. We assessed skills that may be associated with pain measurement practices of nursing staff. Clinician knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding the need to alleviate pain detected on routine screening were evaluated. Methods: Screen, enroll, and survey 650 cognitively intact patients with advanced CHF, cancer, and advanced general medical illness stratified by self-reported health status immediately after they are seen in outpatient clinics (general medicine, oncology, and cardiology clinics). Patients were approached and surveyed immediately after the outpatient visit on validated pain instruments, measures of depression, other symptoms, quality of life, attitudinal barriers to treatment of pain, the pain rating process, and unmet needs and satisfaction with treatment of pain, depression, and other symptoms. All nursing staff working as pain raters in the general medicine, oncology, and cardiology clinics were surveyed to assess relevant skills that may be associated with pain measurement practices. All clinicians (physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants) working as treatment providers in these clinics were surveyed after patient visits to assess knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of clinicians with regard to the need to alleviate pain detected on routine screening. Results: We found that in approximately 50% of cases, clinic staff taking vital signs used informal (e.g., 'How do you feel?') rather than forma (e.g., 0-10 NRS) methods to assess pain, and that practice was associated with underestimation of patient-reported pain to research staff in about 30% of cases. Factors associated with underestimation of patient reported pain to nurses compared with research raters included more years of staff work experience, patient anxiety or PTSD disorders, and lower self-reported health. Overestimation was associated with adherence to the formal NRS and negatively associated with a better environment for pain rating. About 40% of patients had emotional distress which was higher among patients in moderate to severe pain (62%). Only prior diagnosis and sleep interference due to pain were associated with provider detection of distress. Status: Enrollment is closed; IRB approved at VA GLA and LB Healthcare Systems.
BACKGROUND: Endoscopic ventricular surgery (EVS) shows overall reduced morbidity compared to open craniotomy, but carries, however, the risk for neurocognitive impairment caused by fornix-, hypothalamus-, and injuries other structures adjacent to the ventricular system. Objective or subjective neurocognitive impairment after EVS is rarely reported. The aim of this study was to assess the subjective neurocognitive outcome in patients undergoing EVS for various pathologies.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in adult patients undergoing EVS at our institution between 2010 and 2021. The primary outcome was subjective neurocognitive outcome after EVS measured by patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Secondary outcomes were objective neurocognitive outcome, return-to-work rate, subjective quality of life and satisfaction with surgery. Descriptive and comparative statistics were conducted for all outcome parameters.
RESULTS: Fifty-one patients (median age 48 years, 62.7% female) were included. Patients commonly presented with subjective neurocognitive impairment (54.9%) and hydrocephalus was the most common indication for surgery (54.9%). Worse long-term subjective neurocognitive outcome was observed in 5 (21.7%) patients while 18 (78.3%) patients improved. Worse long-term objective neurocognitive outcome was seen in 2 cases (10.5%), of which 1 patient became worse trough surgery while 15 (78.9%) patients improved. Improved subjective and objective neurocognitive outcome correlated in 73.8% of the cases (r = 0.363, P = 0.018). Return to work was possible for 70% of the patients and subjective quality of life was improved or unchanged in 88.1% of the patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Subjective neurocognitive outcome and quality of life improvement are often achieved after EVS and permanent neurocognitive impairment is rare. Further well-designed trials on subjective and objective neurocognitive outcome after EVS are warranted.