anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Interest in hereditary lung cancer is increasing, in particular germline mutations in the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) gene. We review the current literature on this topic, discuss risk of developing lung cancer, treatment and screening options and describe a family of 3 sisters with lung cancer and their unaffected mother all with a rare EGFR germline mutation (EGFR p.R776H).
METHODS: We searched PubMed, Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and scanned reference lists of articles. Search terms included "EGFR germline" and "familial lung cancer" or "EGFR familial lung cancer". We also describe our experience of managing a family with rare germline EGFR mutant lung cancer.
RESULTS: Although the numbers are small, the described cases in the literature show several similarities. The patients are younger and usually have no or light smoking history. 50% of the patients were treated with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKIs) with OS over six months.
CONCLUSION: Although rare, germline p.R776H EGFR lung cancer mutations are over-represented in light or never smoking female patients who often also possess an additional somatic EGFR mutation. Treatment with TKIs appears suitable but further research is needed into the appropriate screening regime for unaffected carriers or light/never smokers.
UNLABELLED: Risk and outcome of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) are particularly worsened in obese-overweight individuals, but the underlying molecular mechanism is unknown. In established mouse APL models (Ctsg-PML::RARA), we confirmed that obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD) enhances leukemogenesis by increasing penetrance and shortening latency, providing an ideal model to investigate obesity-induced molecular events in the preleukemic phase. Surprisingly, despite increasing DNA damage in hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), HFD only minimally increased mutational load, with no relevant impact on known cancer-driving genes. HFD expanded and enhanced self-renewal of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC), with concomitant reduction in long-term HSCs. Importantly, linoleic acid, abundant in HFD, fully recapitulates the effect of HFD on the self-renewal of PML::RARA HPCs through activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta, a central regulator of fatty acid metabolism. Our findings inform dietary/pharmacologic interventions to counteract obesity-associated cancers and suggest that nongenetic factors play a key role.
PREVENTION RELEVANCE: Our work informs interventions aimed at counteracting the cancer-promoting effect of obesity. On the basis of our study, individuals with a history of chronic obesity may still significantly reduce their risk by switching to a healthier lifestyle, a concept supported by evidence in solid tumors but not yet in hematologic malignancies. See related Spotlight, p. 47.
Novel CUR- and CUR-BF 2  compounds as well as novel bis and mono-NSAID/CUR-BF 2  and NSAID/CUR hybrids exhibiting anti-tumor properties are presented. CUR compounds bearing fluorinated moieties with selective fluorine introduction into the α-carbonyl moiety as well as CUR-BF 2  adducts and CURs with diverse substitution patterns in the phenyl rings including fluorinated substituents (SCF 3 , OCF 3 , and F) and/or bulky activating groups (OMe, OAc, and OBz) are presented. Fluorinated aryl-pyrazoles and isoxazoles as well as novel CUR and CUR-BF 2  compounds with monocyclic aromatic and bicyclic-heteroaromatic lateral rings, bearing fluorine(s), OCF 3 , CF 3 , and SCF 3  groups, and their alpha-carbonyl-fluorinated analogs, as well as their pyrazole and isoxazole derivatives are presented. The CUR-pyrazoles embody analogs that are fluorinated at the phenyl-pyrazole moiety. The hybrids, compounds, and their derivatives exhibited exceptional cytotoxic and anti-proliferative activity against several cancer cell-lines. The hybrid NSAID/CUR compounds also exhibited exceptional anti-inflammatory activity over NSAID or curcumin alone.
The communication between cells and their microenvironment represents an intrinsic and essential attribute that takes place in several biological processes, including tissue homeostasis and tissue repair. Among these interactions, inflammation is certainly a central biological response that occurs through cytokines and the crosstalk with their respective receptors. In particular, the interaction between CCL2 and its main receptor, CCR2, plays a pivotal role in both harmful and protective inflammatory states, including cancer-mediated inflammation. The activation of the CCL2/CCR2 axis was shown to dictate the migration of macrophages with immune-suppressive phenotype and to aggravate the progression of different cancer types. In addition, this interaction mediates metastasis formation, further limiting the potential therapeutic outcome of anti-cancer drugs. Attempts to inhibit pharmacologically the CCL2/CCR2 axis have yet to show its anti-cancer efficacy as a single agent, but it sheds light on its role as a powerful tool to selectively alleviate pro-tumorigenic and anti-repair inflammation. In this review, we will elucidate the role of CCL2/CCR2 axis in promoting cancer inflammation by activating the host pro-tumorigenic phenotype. Moreover, we will provide some insight into the potential therapeutic benefit of targeting the CCL2/CCR2 axis for cancer and inflammation using novel delivery systems, aiming to sensitize non-responders to currently approved immunotherapies and offer new combinatory approaches.
TICE® BCG contains live mycobacteria and should be prepared and handled using aseptic technique (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, Preparation of Agent section). BCG infections have been reported in health care workers preparing BCG for administration. Needle stick injuries should be avoided during the handling and mixing of TICE BCG. Nosocomial infections have been reported in patients receiving parenteral drugs which were prepared in areas in which BCG was prepared.4

BCG is capable of dissemination when administered by intravesical route, and serious reactions, including fatal infections, have been reported in patients receiving intravesical BCG.3 Care should be taken not to traumatize the urinary tract or to introduce contaminants into the urinary system. Seven to 14 days should elapse before TICE BCG is administered following TUR, biopsy, or traumatic catheterization.

TICE BCG should be administered with caution to persons in groups at high risk for HIV infection.
This study is a feasibility trial with an embedded process evaluation of the HEAL-D intervention compared with usual care. The study will use a randomised controlled trial (RCT) design, with individual patients as the unit of randomisation, evaluating the HEAL-D programme against usual care. The RCT design has been chosen primarily to evaluate the feasibility of recruiting and retaining a control arm, as well as to define what constitutes 'usual care' and the variability within that. Patients with diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) will be recruited from General Practice surgeries in the London Boroughs of Lambeth and Southwark. In addition participants from the phase 1 co-design study will be invited to participate and self-referral methods will also be used, for example posters and advertisements in community locations. Patients will be eligible if they have a documented diagnosis of T2D and are of self-declared African or Caribbean ethnicity. Patients with complex therapeutic dietary needs may be ineligible if their individual needs are deemed incompatible with the aims of the intervention. Additionally patients who are unable to communicate in English will be ineligible.

A pragmatic sample size of 80 randomised patients, 40 in each arm, is anticipated to be sufficient to evaluate the programme, allowing for 20% drop-out/non-completion. As this is a feasibility trial it is not powered to detect statistically significant intervention effects, unless these estimated effects are extremely large. The purpose of the study is to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention and of trial methods, and to provide estimates of key parameters such as potential effect sizes, recruitment and retention rates of the trial and participation rates of the programme, so that the optimal design of a full-scale trial can be determined.

The HEAL-D intervention consists of 7 sessions; the programme will have a flexible schedule allowing participants to attend either fortnightly or monthly sessions. Each patient who participates will be in the study for approximately 7 months and will be asked to complete two assessment visits, one at baseline and one 6-8 months later, depending on the intensity of programme attendance. A range of potential primary and secondary outcome data will be collected including HbA1c, blood lipids (triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol), body weight, waist circumference, diabetes knowledge, diabetes and dietary competence, diabetes empowerment, perceived social support, quality of life, dietary intake, and physical activity. Participants may also participate in an interview or focus group as part of the study's process evaluation.
Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition that involves limitations in social communication and various stereotypical repetitive behaviors. Genetic and environmental factors both play a role in the etiology. Numerous genetic syndromes accompanying autism spectrum disorders have been reported. Hypoventilation, hypotonia, intellectual disability, epilepsy, eye abnormality (HIDEA) syndrome is a rare genetic condition consisting of a combination of features such as hypoventilation, hypotonia, intellectual disability, eye abnormalities, and epilepsy. Very few cases of HIDEA syndrome have been reported in the literature to date. To the best of our knowledge, no cases of comorbid autism spectrum disorder and HIDEA syndrome have previously been reported. This report describes two brothers with a pathogenic P4HTM gene variant and autism spectrum disorder. One was diagnosed with HIDEA syndrome, while the other was a healthy carrier.
The full-length p200CUX1 protein encoded by the homology frame CUT-like protein (CUX1) plays an important role in tumors as a pro-oncogene or oncogene. However, its role and mechanism in acute myeloid leukemia remain unknown. p200CUX1 regulates several pathways, including the MAPK signaling pathway. Our data showed that p200CUX1 is lowly expressed in THP1 and U937 AML cell lines. Lentiviral overexpression of p200CUX1 reduced proliferation and promoted apoptosis and G0/G1 phase blockade, correlating with MAPK pathway suppression. Additionally, p200CUX1 regulated the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 8B (BMP8B), which is overexpressed in AML. Overexpression of p200CUX1 downregulated BMP8B expression and inhibited the MAPK pathway. Furthermore, BMP8B knockdown inhibited AML cell proliferation, enhanced apoptosis and the sensitivity of ATRA-induced cell differentiation, and blocked G0/G1 transition. Our findings demonstrate the pivotal function of the p200CUX1-BMP8B-MAPK axis in maintaining the viability of AML cells. Consequently, targeting p200CUX1 could represent a viable strategy in AML therapy.
OBJECTIVE: To compare modified transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (M-TLIF) with posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) in the treatment of single-segment lumbar degenerative disorders in order to assess its safety and effectiveness.
METHODS: From January 2016 to January 2021, 74 patients who received single-segment M-TLIF were examined. A total of 74 patients having single-segment PLIF during the same time period were included in a retrospective controlled study using the same inclusion and exclusion criteria. The two groups were compared in terms of the fusion rate, the Oswestry disability index (ODI), the visual analogue scale of low back pain (VAS), the perioperative condition, the postoperative complications, and the postoperative neighbouring segment degeneration.
RESULTS: All patients had surgery satisfactorily and were monitored for at least a year afterwards. The baseline values for the two groups did not significantly differ. The interbody fusion rate between PLIF (98.65%) and M-TLIF (97.30%) was not significantly different. In the follow-up, the M-TLIF group's VAS score for low back and leg pain was lower than that of the PLIF group. The ODI score of the M-TLIF group was lower than that of the PLIF group at 7 days and 3 months following surgery. Both groups' post-op VAS and ODI scores for low back and leg pain were much lower than those from before the procedure. In M-TLIF group, the operation time, drainage tube extraction time, postoperative bed rest time and hospital stay time were shorter, and the amount of intraoperative blood loss was less. Compared with those before operation, the height of intervertebral space and intervertebral foramen were significantly increased in both groups during postoperative follow-up (P < 0.05). The postoperative complications and adjacent segment degeneration of M-TLIF were significantly lower than those of PLIF.
CONCLUSIONS: M-TLIF is a safe and effective treatment for lumbar degenerative disorders, with a high fusion rate and no significant difference between M-TLIF and PLIF. M-TLIF's efficacy and safety are comparable to that of PLIF, particularly in terms of early relief of low back pain and improvement in quality of life following surgery. Therefore, M-TLIF technology can be popularized and applied in clinic.
Chlorothalonil (CHT) is a widely used antifungal agent and is reported to be a sensitizer that can cause allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). ACD initiation is associated with various innate immune cell contributions and is usually accompanied by persistent inflammation, which is a potential contributing factor to skin damage. However, detailed information on the mechanisms by which CHT induces skin sensitization and damage is still insufficient. This study focused on investigating the possible sensitization process and mechanism of CHT and the adverse effects of repeated CHT exposure. CHT activates dendritic cells and promotes the proliferation of lymph cells in the skin sensitization phase, causing severe inflammation. Keratinocytes activate the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway to cause inflammation during CHT treatment, and macrophages also secrete inflammatory cytokines. In addition, CHT-induced inflammation triggered skin wrinkles, decreased epidermal thickness and decreased collagen. Cell experiments also showed that repeated exposure to CHT led to cell proliferation inhibition and senescence, and CHT-induced autophagy dysfunction was not only the reason for inflammation but also for senescence. This study defined the possible process through which CHT is involved in the skin sensitization phase and elucidated the mechanism of CHT-induced inflammation in innate immune responses. We also determined that repeated CHT exposure caused persistent inflammation, ultimately leading to skin aging.
Recently, it is been evidenced that physical activity and exercise are an important coping strategy to get what is called "active ageing". However, it is still under discussion some key aspect, like the training type or the optimal dose, among others. There is a modality of resistance training which it has not been sufficiently studied in old age population: the high intensity interval training. It has been demonstrated in other population (like cardiovascular patients or cancer survivor patients) that this modality of training can improve a lots their physical condition. Furthermore, it produces a higher adhesion to the training program, because it does not require so long time like another type of training. For this reason, the aim of this investigation is to assess how implement this modality of training on elderly people with sarcopenia.
The present disclosure is related to a method of geo-clustering of data for de-identification of a dataset. The method includes generating a plurality of geoclusters based on a plurality of geocodes. The geocodes may include ZIP codes or postal codes. The method further includes identifying the geoclusters having the smallest population. The geocluster having the smallest population is iteratively merged with the nearest geocluster until a minimum population threshold is met. Once the smallest geocluster meets the minimum population threshold, the plurality of geoclusters can be used to cluster the geocodes within a dataset to be de-identified.
The present invention provides a method for identifying characteristics of one or more ultrasound images, wherein each image is an image of an object imaged by an ultrasound probe using an ultrasound imaging process. The method includes obtaining a steering signal indicative of steering of the ultrasound probe during the imaging procedure. Obtaining a portion of the steering signal indicative of steering of the probe during a period of time. The obtained portion is associated with the one or more ultrasound images. Then, based on both the obtained portion of the steering signal and the one or more images themselves, characteristics of the one or more ultrasound images are classified using a neural network system. Such classification includes applying one or more convolution kernels on the obtained portion of the steering signal to generate a convolution output representative of the obtained portion of the steering signal, and classifying the convolution output to indicate a characteristic of the one or more ultrasound images associated with the obtained portion.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a melanin production inhibitor which shows skin-whitening effect due to the melanin production inhibitory effect and is useful as a preparation for external use for skin in a cosmetic or the like by including a specific compound. SOLUTION: This melanin production inhibitor is obtained by including a compound of formula I. Although various stereoisomers exist in the compound of formula I, aristolone of formula II among these stereoisomers is particularly favorable. The aristolone of formula II is obtained by adding a solvent, e.g. methanol or the like, to a plant of the family Aristolochiaceae, e.g. Aristolochia debilis, Aristolochia contorta or the like, and dipping for several days at room temperature or several hours at a temperature near the boiling point followed by filtration, condensation or purification by means of silica gel chromatography or the like.  The preparation for external use for skin, e.g. a medicinal composition for external use for skin, a quasi-drug, a cosmetic, a detergent for skin, a bath medicine or the like, is obtained by including the compound of formula I in a proportion of 0.01-10 wt.%, preferably 0.05-1 wt.%.
A pack with 1000g of crushed ice without air will be placed for 20 consecutive minutes on a pre-delimited rectangular area with dimensions of 25 x 35 cm and will be fixed with a non-compressive elastic band. One strip of plastic paper will encompass the paretic leg of the subjects, avoiding direct contact from the skin with the ice pack.
An alumina abrasive material, suitable for use in dentifrice compositions, is prepared by heating gibbsite to 900-1050 DEG  C., and maintaining the alumina thus formed within this temperature range for at least an hour.  The alumina may be held at this temperature until there is present not more than 20% gamma-alumina, not more than 10% alpha alumina, and between 20% and 90%, preferably 20%-55%, kappa-type alumina, in the product. All these phases are defined with respect to their X-ray diffraction patterns.  The product may have a median particle size of 6-10m  with 80% of the particles in the range 3-20m  and substantially no particles below 3m .  The gibbsite may be previously dehydrated by heating it to 500-800 DEG  C., the rate of heating to this temperature preferably being below 210 DEG  C. per minute.  In the preferred manner of preparing the abrasive, the gibbsite is maintained at 1000 DEG  C. for not more than 10 hours.ALSO:A dentifrice comprises an alumina abrasive prepared by heating gibbsite to 900 DEG  to 1050 DEG  C. and maintaining the temperature for at least an hour (see Group III).  Preferably at least 80% of the particles should have diameters ranging from 3m  to 20 m . Toothpastes contain a thickener such as natural gums, gum karaya, gum arabic, gum tragacanth, seaweed derivatives such as Irish moss and alginates and water-soluble salts of cellulose ethers, such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl hydroxymethyl cellulose.  Colloidal magnesium aluminium silicate will improve the texture.  A sudsing agent, such as water-soluble alkyl- and alkyl ether sulphates and sulphonates having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, water-soluble salts of sulphonated monoglycerides of fatty acids having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, salts of fatty acid amides of taurines, such as sodium-N-methyl-N-polymitoyl tauride, and salts of fatty acid esters of isethionic acid may be added.  A humeclant, such as glycerine, sorbitol or other polyhydric alcohol, and flavouring such as oil of winter-green, oil of peppermint, saccharine dextrose and levulose, may be added.  Tooth powders consist of the abrasive, 0 to 5% of sudsing agent, and flavouring. Other suitable additives to the dentifrice composition include sarcosinates, fluorine-containing compounds, quaternary ammonia compounds, chlorophyll, sodium dehydroacetates, sodium lauryl sulphate, tyrothrycin, penicillin and hexachlorophene.
Patients will initially receive the fourth cycle of nivolumab then receive nivolumab 3 mg/kg IV and DC vaccine every 2 weeks for a total of 3 vaccines, and then surgery. Subsequent to surgery, the patient will resume biweekly treatment with nivolumab and monthly DC vaccinations for a total of 5 more vaccines. Patients will continue to receive nivolumab every 2 weeks until progression.
This is a multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase I Study to Evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and preliminary Efficacy of intermittent oral dosing of CM082 tablets in Chinese patients with mCNV. The study will be performed in two different parts, dose-escalation phase (Part 1) and dose-expansion phase (Part 2). Subjects will receive CM082 orally for two weeks followed by two weeks off in four-week cycles. There are three dose levels, 25mg BID,50mg QD and 50mg BID. The total treatment period is tentatively set at 3 cycles (12 weeks). Based on data from dose escalation studies, identify safe and effective doses for expanded enrollment studies.The assessment of the safety and efficacy will be done in 2、4、8、12weeks after the first dose.Also, single/multiple dose pharmacokinetics in these patients will be studied.