anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Adherence to infection prevention and control (IPC) standards and guidelines by healthcare workers is essential for reducing the spread of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). However, IPC practices among healthcare workers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Ethiopia, are generally inadequate. This research aims to identify the barriers to and facilitators of IPC practices in the Pediatrics and Child Health Department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) in Ethiopia.
METHODS: We employed a rapid ethnographic assessment (REA) approach for this study, using focus group discussions (FGDs), in-depth interviews (IDIs), and observations to collect data. Participants were selected from the Pediatrics and Child Health Department of TASH, and data collection took place in March and April 2022. Two FGDs and eight IDIs were conducted in the participants' workplace within the department. Unstructured guides were used to facilitate the FGDs and IDIs. Nvivo version 10 software was used for data organization and analysis. The data were coded deductively through thematic analysis to identify similar ideas and concepts, based on the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) model.
RESULT: A total of 23 healthcare workers participated, with 15 in FGDs and 8 in IDIs. The study identified several barriers to IPC practices, including nonadherence to IPC practice protocols, lack of pre-employment training, space constraints, insufficient maintenance and repair of equipment, limited management engagement and support, shortage of resources and budget, incidents of needle stick injuries and infections, high workloads for healthcare workers, shortages of personal protective equipment and water supply, and inadequate waste management. We also identified some facilitators, including the existence of an IPC team and committee, a health education schedule for patients and visitors, morning sessions for healthcare providers, and the presence of television screens in waiting areas. By addressing the identified barriers and leveraging the facilitators, department heads, IPC team leaders, and decision-makers can develop targeted strategies and interventions to improve infection control, reduce the spread of HAIs, and ultimately enhance the quality of healthcare services.
CONCLUSION: This study explored several barriers that contribute to inappropriate and suboptimal IPC practices in the study area. These barriers create significant challenges for healthcare workers and hindering their ability to effectively implement IPC practices. The findings highlight the complex and multifaceted nature of the problems, which not only affect the current working environment but also compromise the overall quality of care. The hospital administrator should address these critical issues to improving IPC practices and ensuring a safer healthcare environment.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce new compounds useful as synthetic intermediates capable of simply and rapidly providing labeled amino acids contributing to diagnosis or treatment of diseases according to a method in a high radiochemical yield by marking carbon in cyano group with a radiochemical or stable isotope label. SOLUTION: The labeled γ-cyano-α-aminobutyric acids are obtained by marking carbon in cyano group with a radiochemical or a stable isotope label or their salts or protected derivatives thereof. The compounds are obtained by reacting an amino acid of the formula (R1 , is H, a halogen, a hydrocarbon, etc.) or its salt or a protected derivative thereof (e.g. O-acetyl-L-homoserine) in the presence of a cyanide compound having carbon in the cyano group marked with the radiochemical or stable isotope label (e.g. a positron nuclide<11> C-labeled prussic acid) and a thermostable γ-cyano-α-aminobutyric acid synthase. The enzyme is prepared by isolation from, e.g. a Bacillus stearothermophilus CN3 strain (FERM BP-4773). The labeled cyanide compounds are obtained by using, e.g.<11> CO2 prepared in a cyclotron.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a progressive, systemic disease affecting an estimated 30,000 children and adults in the United States (70,000+ worldwide) and is caused by mutations in the gene that encodes the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein--a chloride and bicarbonate channel that regulates ion transport and mucus composition in CF-affected tissues, such as the lung. In airways this leads to mucus stasis, infection, inflammation, and remodeling that result in mucus plugs, regional lung obstruction, and progressive airway destruction and bronchiectasis. Highly-effective CFTR modulators, which are recently available to \>90% of patients, have revolutionized CF clinical care, with large increases in pulmonary function as a result of more effective mucociliary clearance. As a result, burdensome maintenance therapies like mechanical airway clearance treatment (ACT), requiring nearly 2 dedicated hours per day, have been questioned by patients, families, and medical providers. In a recent survey of CF community members, ACT was ranked as the most burdensome chronic therapy, yet is the least studied. Prospective studies of maintenance-therapy withdrawal pose potential ethical risks, since traditional testing via spirometry and/or multiple-breath washout is relatively insensitive to small or regional changes and long-term lung-function reductions often have permanent consequences. Nevertheless, many patients have withdrawn these maintenance therapies against advice from their providers. A major gap in CF management is our ability to monitor lung function sensitively and rapidly as a result of treatment changes, such as partial withdrawal of ACT.

Breakthroughs in structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have demonstrated exquisite sensitivity to regional CF lung disease and can monitor regional and subtle changes over time, without ionizing radiation, even in patients with normal spirometry. As demonstrated in the previous R01 that ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI provides structural images that rival computered tomography (CT) imaging, with sensitivity to detect all of the structural hallmarks of treatable (e.g., mucus plugs) and permanent lung disease (e.g., bronchiectasis). It has been demonstrated that hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI is more sensitive than any other technique at detecting changes in regional pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange. For the first time, a single modality (MRI) is available to safely monitor regional lung disease and treatment changes before FEV1 declines become permanent. This is a unique opportunity to safely evaluate ACT in CF populations that remain at risk of long-term lung function decline.
INTRODUCTION: The International Federation for Surgery for Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO) Global Registry aims to provide descriptive data about the caseload and penetrance of surgery for metabolic disease and obesity in member countries. The data presented in this report represent the key findings of the eighth report of the IFSO Global Registry.
METHODS: All existing Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (MBS) registries known to IFSO were invited to contribute to the eighth report. Aggregated data was provided by each MBS registry to the team at the Australia and New Zealand Bariatric Surgery Registry (ANZBSR) and was securely stored on a Redcap™ database housed at Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. Data was checked for completeness and analyzed by the IFSO Global Registry Committee. Prior to the finalization of the report, all graphs were circulated to contributors and to the global registry committee of IFSO to ensure data accuracy.
RESULTS: Data was received from 24 national and 2 regional registries, providing information on 502,150 procedures. The most performed primary MBS procedure was sleeve gastrectomy, whereas the most performed revisional MBS procedure was Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Asian countries reported people with lower BMI undergoing MBS along with higher rates of diabetes. Mortality was a rare event.
CONCLUSION: Registries enable meaningful comparisons between countries on the demographics, characteristics, operation types and approaches, and trends in MBS procedures. Reported outcomes can be seen as flags of potential issues or relationships that could be studied in more detail in specific research studies.
The methods and compositions of the present invention find use in altering expression of PKCalpha in transgenic animals. The compositions of the invention include isolated transgenic animal cells, transgenic tissue, and transgenic mice. The transgenic animals of the invention exhibit altered PKCalpha activity. The methods allow generation of transgenic animals with altered expression of PKCalpha. The invention allows modulation of cardiac contractility. In particular, the invention provides a method for altering the susceptibility of a transgenic animal to cardiomyopathy. A transgenic animal of the invention finds use in identifying anti-cardiomyopathic compounds.
Depressed parent encountered in PC for confirmation of depression with Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL25) scale. If confirmed, the adolescent will also be encountered by the GP for a screening test of depression (Adolescent Depression Rating Scale - ADRS). If negative, the patient will go out of the study. If positive, 2 others tests will be performed to study the intensity of the depression (Child depressionInventory - CDI) and the quality of life (Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM). Finally, the patient will be oriented to the routine cares and will meet again the GP at 6 and 12 month to answers the same tests.
127 adult females having laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomized to have surgery during the luteal or follicular phase of their menstrual cycle. Standardized anesthesia and pain management regimen was given to all patients. Pain and analgesic consumption were evaluated in PACU and every four hours in first 24 hours. Adverse effects were also questioned every four hours. Time to oral intake and ambulation were recorded. Post-surgical pain, hospital anxiety and depression scale, and SF-12 questionnaire were also evaluated at 1- and 3-month visits.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of self-reported baseline eating behaviors on 24-month weight change in adults with severe obesity.
METHODS: A prospective, nonrandomized clinical cohort study on surgical and medical obesity treatment included 971 adults (75% women) with a mean BMI of 42.0 (SD 4.9) kg/m2. To assess baseline eating behaviors and binge eating disorder, the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns-Revised and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire were used.
RESULTS: In analyses adjusted for treatment, age, sex, baseline weight, and BMI, those with nocturnal eating lost less weight (3.5 kg [95% CI: 0.02-6.9]; p < 0.05) at 24 months compared to those without nocturnal eating. Binge eating disorder was not significantly associated with weight loss over 24 months. Emotional eating was associated with less weight loss at 12 months: 1.16 kg per z score (95% CI: 0.37-1.95; p < 0.05). Compared with completers, dropout from medical obesity treatment was associated with emotional and uncontrolled eating at baseline (both p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The association between pretreatment eating behaviors and weight change was found to be generalizable and not restricted to any specific treatment. Certain eating behaviors may affect weight loss as well as attrition. Identifying eating behaviors that may impair treatment efficacy are suggested in the treatment of severe obesity.
A method, system, and apparatus for treating a patient with HIV. A vector can be modified from a thymidine kinase gene. The modified vector is expressed in the presence of tat RNA. The modified vector is then package and delivered to HIV-infected cells. The replication of HIV is inhibited by eliminating infected cells in the presence of Ganciclovir. Modified cells are then selected utilizing transient tat RNA transfection and GFP expression. Vector-modified stem cells are then selected for transplantation back into the patient, thereby producing a normal immune system in the patient when the modified vector remains dormant in the absence of HIV tat.
FIELD: chemical-pharmaceutical industry. SUBSTANCE: preparation is obtained from the plant raw at the following ratio of components, wt.-%: lemon woodworm leaves, 15-40; viburnum roots, 30-35; and rosewort roots, 30-50. Method involves extraction of lemon woodworm leaves with ethanol on water bath at reflux condenser at ratio plant raw : extract = 1:3 and the following infusion of viburnum roots and rosewort roots with the prepared extract. Invention relates to also a method of psoriasis treatment involving application of the preparation on the damaged skin sites at simultaneous oral administration of licorice roots infusion. Application of the preparation is alternated with the softening cream application. Licorice roots infusion is administrated at amount up to 250 ml per a day. EFFECT: improved method of preparing, enhanced effectiveness of treatment. 6 cl
PMR (Smith Version) involves a tense-let go exercise of 11 muscle groups including hand, arm, arm and sides, back, shoulder, face, front of neck, stomach, chest, leg, and foot. This tense-let go exercise is performed twice for each muscle group. The tensing up phase for each muscle group should last for 5 to 10 seconds and the letting go phase for 20-30 seconds. Simultaneously, the subjects will be asked to pay attention to the sensations of muscle tension and relaxation. After the tense-let go exercise, subjects are asked to systematically scan the muscle groups to notice and let go any remaining muscle tension. The entire exercise should take around 30 minutes, not counting instructions and times of measurement \[11\].
Atropine is a highly potent drug and due care is essential to avoid overdosage, especially with intravenous administration. Pediatric populations are more susceptible than adults to the toxic effects of anticholinergic agents.  
Atropine I.V. decreased the rate of mexiletine absorption without altering the relative oral bioavailability; this delay in mexiletine absorption was reversed by the combination of atropine and intravenous metoclopramide during pretreatment for anesthesia. Atropine is not removed by dialysis.  
This drug is effective in very low dosage and overdose may cause permanent damage or death, especially in children.  
This product contains Benzyl Alcohol which has been associated with a fatal gasping syndrome in infants and neonates.
Increases in harmful drinking among older adults indicate the need for a more thorough understanding of the relationship between later-life alcohol use and brain health. The current study investigated the relationships between alcohol use and progressive grey and white matter changes in older adults using longitudinal data. A total of 530 participants (aged 70 to 90 years; 46.0% male) were included. Brain outcomes assessed over 6 years included total grey and white matter volume, as well as volume of the hippocampus, thalamus, amygdala, corpus callosum, orbitofrontal cortex and insula. White matter integrity was also investigated. Average alcohol use across the study period was the main exposure of interest. Past-year binge drinking and reduction in drinking from pre-baseline were additional exposures of interest. Within the context of low-level average drinking (averaging 11.7 g per day), higher average amount of alcohol consumed was associated with less atrophy in the left (B = 7.50, pFDR = 0.010) and right (B = 5.98, pFDR = 0.004) thalamus. Past-year binge-drinking was associated with poorer white matter integrity (B = -0.013, pFDR = 0.024). Consuming alcohol more heavily in the past was associated with greater atrophy in anterior (B = -12.73, pFDR = 0.048) and posterior (B = -17.88, pFDR = 0.004) callosal volumes over time. Across alcohol exposures and neuroimaging markers, no other relationships were statistically significant. Within the context of low-level drinking, very few relationships between alcohol use and brain macrostructure were identified. Meanwhile, heavier drinking was negatively associated with white matter integrity.
Intervention: Self-management for Adequate Sleep Intervention (SASI). SASI was developed Dr. Michael Grandner. SASI is based on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBTI), an established and effective approach for treating insomnia. Like CBTI, SASI extends sleep duration based on sleep efficiency (the proportion of time spent sleeping during a sleep episode). Bed times and wake times will be prescribed each week for each participant and allow for gradual increases in sleep opportunity. Bedtimes will be set 15 minutes earlier each week provided sleep efficiency remains \>90%. Earlier betimes will extend sleep duration by increasing the opportunity for sleep. Wake times will not be changed because wake times are often determined by external demands, such as work schedules.
Stable microcrystalline cisplatin (I) having a particle size distribution of at least 80% in the range of 0-5 micrometres, less than 20% of 5-20 micrometres and none larger than 20 micrometres is new. The microcrystalline (I) is different from lyophilised (I), as shown by X-ray powder diffraction paterns. The microcrystalline (I) is soluble in water within 3 mins. at 1 mg/ml. The stability and good water solubility of the microcrystalline (I) are useful when it is used in sterile unit dosage forms (also contg. an inorganic chloride to provide Cl ions); these forms can be stored at room temp. and are easily reconstituted with sterile water to give parenteral prepns. The (I) is used for concer chemotherapy in the usual way.
INTRODUCTION: Carotid blowout syndrome is a rare but fatal complication often witnessed secondary to treating patients with head and neck cancer. It occurs when damage and necrosis lead to the carotid artery wall rupture. The symptoms encountered in these patients range from asymptomatic to cardiac arrest. Here, we present 5 cases of carotid blowout syndrome in the emergency department.
CASE PRESENTATIONS: Patients demonstrated symptoms ranging from subtle bleeding to hemodynamic instability, highlighting the diverse nature of carotid blowout syndrome in this population. Notably, while all patients had a history of radiotherapy, some had additional risk factors for carotid blowout syndrome, including prior surgery (n = 2), malnutrition (n = 3), and tracheostomies (n = 2). Definitive diagnoses were established through clinical evaluation and computed tomography angiography. Immediate interventions included bleeding control, resuscitation, and consultations with relevant specialties. Four patients underwent interventional radiology procedures, and 1 patient received otolaryngology care. While 2 patients recovered completely, 1 died in the emergency department, and 1 in the intensive care unit. One patient's clinical course was complicated by a stroke.
CONCLUSION: The approach to the carotid blowout syndrome patient includes complex steps that proceed in a multidisciplinary manner, starting from triage until discharge. Emergency nurses play crucial roles at every stage. They should be aware of carotid blowout syndrome when evaluating patients with head and neck cancer presenting with bleeding. When treating these patients, emergency nurses should be ready for airway interventions, bleeding control, and massive transfusion protocol. In this context, the multifaceted approaches made by nurses contribute significantly to carotid blowout syndrome management in the emergency department.
OBJECTIVES: To develop an intensive training programme for ultrasound (US)-guided synovial tissue (ST) biopsy on knees and wrists in inflammatory arthritis and to assess the learning curve, patient tolerability, sample quality and trainees' expectations.
METHODS: Active or remission rheumatoid arthritis patients were enrolled. Nine trainees joined the 4-month programme in a centre experienced in performing US-guided ST biopsies consisting of four sequential phases: (1) observation, (2) performance of guided step-by-step phases, (3) execution of the whole procedure on paired joints (knees or wrists) of the same patient in parallel with the trainer and (4) performance of the procedure autonomously. Sample representativity was assessed by histology, and procedure-related adverse events were recorded. Before and after the programme, trainees' expectations and perceptions were collected.
RESULTS: 328 ST biopsy procedures were included. The rate of trainees' informative samples was: (1) comparable to the trainers in active and remission knees, but lower in active wrists (70% for trainees vs 100% for trainers, p=0.06) in phase 3; (2) excellent on active knees and wrists (91.9% and 90.9% respectively) but lower (77.6%, p=0.0089) on remission knees in phase 4. Procedures performed by trainees did not affect patient tolerability. Trainees' expectations about procedure-related invasiveness and pain infliction decreased while the difficulty of procedure execution on active wrists and remission knees remained perceived as moderately difficult.
CONCLUSIONS: This intensive training programme develops advanced skills in the performance of US-guided ST biopsy on knees and wrists, yielding high-quality specimens available for basic and translational studies on inflammatory joint diseases.
The expected symptoms with overdosage are those of excessive beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation and/or occurrence or exaggeration of any of the symptoms listed under Adverse Reactions (6), e.g., seizures, angina, hypertension or hypotension, tachycardia with rates up to 200 beats/min., arrhythmias, nervousness, headache, tremor, dry mouth, palpitation, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, malaise, and sleeplessness. Hypokalemia also may occur. As with all sympathomimetic medications, cardiac arrest and even death may be associated with the abuse of XOPENEX Inhalation Solution. Treatment consists of discontinuation of XOPENEX Inhalation Solution together with appropriate symptomatic therapy. The judicious use of a cardioselective beta-receptor blocker may be considered, bearing in mind that such medication can produce bronchospasm. There is insufficient evidence to determine if dialysis is beneficial for overdosage of XOPENEX Inhalation Solution.
The present invention discloses compound traditional Chinese medicine for reducing blood sugar. The present invention is mainly prepared by the raw material medicine with the weight proportion of 15 to 25 shares of schisandra, 6 to 12 of radix, 15 to 30 shares of unprocessed rehmannia roots, 10 to 20 shares of lilyturf roots and 9 to 18 shares of ginseng roots. The present invention has the advantages that the present invention is composed natural Chinese herbal medicine without any western medicine component for reducing blood sugar, blood sugar is lowered fundamentally, and meanwhile, the immune function of bodies is regulated. The adopted traditional Chinese medicine extracting method has the advantages of science, reasonableness, convenience and easy operation. The effective component for reducing blood sugar of each kind of medicine is dissolved by extracting each kind of traditional Chinese medicine in a formula with different methods, and the performance of the pharmacological action of medicine is ensured from extraction technology. Because the extraction method of the compound traditional Chinese medicine for reducing blood sugar has the advantage of convenience and reasonableness, the present invention is suitable for a plurality of dosage forms, such as granules, tablets, capsules, etc. and provides convenience for production.