anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Cigarette smoking is known to be the leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the detailed mechanisms have not been elucidated. PAF (platelet-activating factor), a potent inflammatory mediator, is involved in the pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases such as bronchial asthma and COPD. We focused on LPLAT9 (lysophospholipid acyltransferase 9), a biosynthetic enzyme of PAF, in the pathogenesis of COPD. LPLAT9 gene expression was observed in excised COPD lungs and single-cell RNA sequencing data of alveolar macrophages (AMs). LPLAT9 was predominant and upregulated in AMs, particularly monocyte-derived AMs, in patients with COPD. To identify the function of LPLAT9/PAF in AMs in the pathogenesis of COPD, we exposed systemic LPLAT9-knockout (LPALT9-/-) mice to cigarette smoke (CS). CS increased the number of AMs, especially the monocyte-derived fraction, which secreted MMP12 (matrix metalloprotease 12). Also, CS augmented LPLAT9 phosphorylation/activation on macrophages and, subsequently, PAF synthesis in the lung. The LPLAT9-/- mouse lung showed reduced PAF production after CS exposure. Intratracheal PAF administration accumulated AMs by increasing MCP1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1). After CS exposure, AM accumulation and subsequent pulmonary emphysema, a primary pathologic change of COPD, were reduced in LPALT9-/- mice compared with LPLAT9+/+ mice. Notably, these phenotypes were again worsened by LPLAT9+/+ bone marrow transplantation in LPALT9-/- mice. Thus, CS-induced LPLAT9 activation in monocyte-derived AMs aggravated pulmonary emphysema via PAF-induced further accumulation of AMs. These results suggest that PAF synthesized by LPLAT9 has an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD.
PURPOSE: A film type base and a film type formulation for oral administration in which an effervescent agent and an adjuvant thereof are dispersed in a particular form is provided to have a quick dissolution profile and proper film intensity. CONSTITUTION: A film type base for oral administration contains water, an edible polymer which is soluble in an organic solvent with a solubility parameter of 9.7 or greater, an effervescent agent, and an adjuvant thereof. The effervescent agent emits bubbles in water. The effervescent agent and the adjuvant are not dissolved in an organic solvent. The average diameter of the effervescent and the adjuvant is 10-60 micrometers and has a particular form. A film type formulation for oral administration is prepared by adding drugs to the film type base.
A method of producing protein nanoparticles from waste chicken feathers by enzymatic hydrolysis followed by ultrasonic treatment is disclosed. The process includes pretreatment of the chicken feathers. Then feather fibers are hydrolyzed enzymatically. The effects of enzyme concentration, hydrolysis time, and substrate concentration on particle mean size are analyzed to optimize the best condition in order to attain the smallest particles by a Box-Behnken Design. A minimum particle size is obtained by using 5 g/l feather and 3.6% enzyme with a hydrolysis time of 243 h. The hydrolyzed particles are then subjected to ultrasonic treatment to produce nanoparticles. The produced protein particles have high potential to be used in nanocomposites and adsorbents.
Patients undergo various specimen collections, including bone marrow aspirate, paraffin-embedded blocks of tumor tissue or slides of tumor tissue, and blood specimens. These specimens are collected before, during, and after any chemotherapy regimens, during follow-up, and at time of recurrence. Translocation studies are performed on specimens to identify fusion genes, specifically EWS-ETS. Serum IGF1 and IFGBP3 levels are determined. Bone marrow is assessed for minimal residual disease using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.
Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disorder damaging periodontal tissues, including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. It arises from the complex interplay between pathogenic oral bacteria and host immune response. Contrary to the previous view of "energy factories", mitochondria have recently been recognized as semi-autonomous organelles that fine-tune cell survival, death, metabolism, and other functions. Under physiological conditions, periodontal tissue cells participate in dynamic processes, including differentiation, mineralization, and regeneration. These fundamental activities depend on properly functioning mitochondria, which play a crucial role through bioenergetics, dynamics, mitophagy, and quality control. However, during the initiation and progression of periodontitis, mitochondrial quality control is compromised due to a range of challenges, such as bacterial-host interactions, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Currently, mounting evidence suggests that mitochondria dysfunction serves as a common pathological mechanism linking periodontitis with systemic conditions like type II diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, targeting mitochondria to intervene in periodontitis and multiple associated systemic diseases holds great therapeutic potential. This review provides advanced insights into the interplay between mitochondria, periodontitis, and associated systemic diseases. Moreover, we emphasize the significance of diverse therapeutic modulators and signaling pathways that regulate mitochondrial function in periodontal and systemic cells.
FIELD: processing of organic natural materials. SUBSTANCE: through layer of peat preferably screened to particle size 8-30 mm, extractant is passed from below upwards with velocity preferably below 10 cm/min, in particular, 4-7 cm/min, ensuring laminar flow. Resulting extract is free of entrained particles of peat subjected to extraction. Apparatus contains at least one tank for extractant, at least one extraction tank, delivery pipeline, circulation tank for extract-rich extractant, and pumps disposed in delivery pipelines. According to invention, delivery pipelines are connected both to tank(s) for extractant and from bottom of circulation tank(s) to bottom of extraction tank(s), whereas outlet pipeline of each extraction tank connects upper part of the latter with upper part of at least one circulation tank connected with it. EFFECT: improved process flowsheet. 8 cl, 2 dwg
The present invention relates to field of live attenuated recombinant tetravalent dengue vaccines and methods of producing stable compositions. Present invention specifically relates to a stable composition and methods of using such a stable composition comprising live attenuated recombinant dengue virus, stabilizer, bulking agent and optionally buffering agents, wherein the live attenuated dengue virus is generated from ? 30 and or ? 31 deleted or mutated dengue strains. More specifically, the present invention relates to stabilizers for freeze-dried live attenuated immunogenic and/or vaccine compositions that may comprise, inter alia, dengue virus(es). The invention further relates to stabilized, freeze-dried live attenuated immunogenic and/or vaccine compositions of, dengue virus(es), which may contain these stabilizers. Other aspects of the invention are described in or are evident from the following disclosure, and are within the ambit of the invention.
Drug: MBF-015 16 mg oral capsules. Single daily dose. One hard gelatin capsule during 28 days.
An ongoing observational study showed an association between dolutegravir and an increased risk of neural tube defects when dolutegravir was administered at the time of conception and in early pregnancy. As there is limited understanding of the association of reported types of neural tube defects with dolutegravir use, inform adolescents and adults of childbearing potential, including those actively trying to become pregnant, about the potential increased risk of neural tube defects with TIVICAY and TIVICAY PD. Assess the risks and benefits of TIVICAY and TIVICAY PD and discuss with the patient to determine if an alternative treatment should be considered at the time of conception through the first trimester of pregnancy or if pregnancy is confirmed in the first trimester [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1, 8.3)].

Pregnancy testing is recommended before initiation of TIVICAY or TIVICAY PD in adolescents and adults of childbearing potential [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)]. 

Adolescents and adults of childbearing potential should be counseled on the consistent use of effective contraception [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1, 8.3)]. 

TIVICAY or TIVICAY PD may be considered during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy if the expected benefit justifies the potential risk to the pregnant woman and the fetus.
BACKGROUND: Excessive sedentary time has been negatively associated with several health outcomes, and physical activity alone does not seem to fully counteract these consequences. This panorama emphasizes the essential of sedentary time interruption programs. "The Up Project" seeks to assess the effectiveness of two interventions, one incorporating active breaks led by a professional and the other utilizing a computer application (self-led), of both equivalent duration and intensity. These interventions will be compared with a control group to evaluate their impact on physical activity levels, sedentary time, stress perception, occupational pain, and cardiometabolic risk factors among office workers.
METHODS: This quasi-experimental study includes 60 desk-based workers from universities and educational institutes in Valparaiso, Chile, assigned to three groups: (a) booster breaks led by professionals, (b) computer prompts that are unled, and (c) a control group. The intervention protocol for both experimental groups will last 12 weeks (only weekdays). The following measurements will be performed at baseline and post-intervention: cardiometabolic risk based on body composition (fat mass, fat-free mass, and bone mass evaluated by DXA), waist circumference, blood pressure, resting heart rate, and handgrip strength. Physical activity and sedentary time will be self-reported and device-based assessed using accelerometry. Questionnaires will be used to determine the perception of stress and occupational pain.
DISCUSSION: Governments worldwide are addressing health issues associated with sedentary behavior, particularly concerning individuals highly exposed to it, such as desk-based workers. Despite implementing certain strategies, there remains a noticeable gap in comprehensive research comparing diverse protocols. For instance, studies that contrast the outcomes of interventions led by professionals with those prompted by computers are scarce. This ongoing project is expected to contribute to evidence-based interventions targeting reduced perceived stress levels and enhancing desk-based employees' mental and physical well-being. The implications of these findings could have the capacity to lay the groundwork for future public health initiatives and government-funded programs.
The invention relates to a physical therapeutic electrode slice which clamps a self-adhesive drug-loaded membrane and a preparation method thereof. The physical therapeutic electrode slice which clamps the self-adhesive drug-loaded membrane consists of an existing conductive electrode and the self-adhesive drug-loaded membrane clamped by a stripping layer, wherein, the self-adhesive drug-loaded membrane consists of a cushioning layer and a drug-release layer. The preparation method of the physical therapeutic electrode slice comprises three processes which are the preparation of gel material for the cushioning layer, the preparation of gel material for the drug-release layer and the preparation of the physical therapeutic electrode slice which clamps the self-adhesive drug-loaded membrane; besides, the gel material for the cushioning layer is essentially made from chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol, etc. and the gel material for the drug-release layer is essentially made from carbomer and alginic acid, etc. The physical therapeutic electrode slice can guarantee the stability of the environment of the drug carried by the slice and effectively reduces the competitive transfer of ion during the electric treatment process and improves the penetrating property through skin of the drug at the same time so as to improve curative effect. Besides, the physical therapeutic electrode slice which clamps the self-adhesive drug-loaded membrane has simple preparation method and great amount of drug loading, thereby being especially suitable for Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine which are sensitive to pH value.
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a crucial contributor to various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which seriously threaten human life and health. Early and accurate recognition of AS plaques is essential for the prevention and treatment of CVD. Herein, we introduce an AS-targeting nanoprobe based on near-infrared (NIR) persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs), developing a highly sensitive NIR persistent luminescence (PersL) AS plaque imaging technique and successfully realizing early AS plaque detection. The nanoprobe exhibits good monodispersity and regular spherical morphology and also owns exceptional NIR PersL performance upon repetitive irradiation by biological window light. The surface-conjugated antibody (anti-osteopontin) endowed nanoprobe excellent targeting ability to foam cells within plaques. After intravenously injected nanoprobe into AS model mice, the highly sensitive PersL imaging technique can accurately detect AS plaques prior to ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Specifically, the NIR PersL imaging reveals AS plaques at the earliest within 2 weeks, with higher signal-to-background ratio (SBR) up to 5.72. Based on this technique, the nanoprobe has great potential for applications in the prevention and treatment of CVD, the study of AS pathogenesis, and the screening of anti-AS drugs.
Delirium, a form of acute cerebral dysfunction, is a common complication of postoperative cardiac surgery in children. It is strongly associated with adverse outcomes, including prolonged hospitalization, increased mortality, and cognitive dysfunction. This study aimed to identify risk factors and incidence of delirium after cardiac surgery in children to facilitate early identification of delirium risk and provide a reference for the implementation of effective prevention and management. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, CNKI, Sinomed, and Wanfang for studies published in English or Chinese from the inception of each database to November 2023. The PRISMA guidelines were followed in all phases of this systematic review. The Risk of Bias Assessment for Nonrandomized Studies tool was used to assess methodological quality. A total of twelve studies were included in the analysis, with four studies classified as overall low risk of bias, seven studies as moderate risk of bias, and one study as high risk of bias. The studies reported 39 possible predictors of delirium, categorized into four broad groups: intrinsic and parent-related factors, disease-related factors, surgery and treatment-related factors, and clinical scores and laboratory parameters. By conducting qualitative synthesis and quantitative meta-analysis, we identified two definite factors, four possible factors, and 32 unclear factors related to delirium. Definite risk factors included age and mechanical ventilation duration. Possible factors included developmental delay, cyanotic heart disease, cardiopulmonary bypass time, and pain score. With only a few high-quality studies currently available, well-designed and more extensive prospective studies are still needed to investigate the risk factors affecting delirium and explore delirium prevention strategies in high-risk children.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new compound useful as an antitumor agent and also capable of being expected as an antitumor agent high in safety free from adverse effect. SOLUTION: 3-[2-Dimethyl-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)benzopyran]-6-propenoic acid is shown by the formula or its salt. The compound is obtained by firstly evaporating a solvent from an extracted solution of propolis in ethanol and extracting the residue with a mixed solution of water and ethyl acetate. Then the solvent is evaporated from the extracted solution and the residue is extracted with methanol. The extracted solution is subjected to reversed phase- based liquid column chromatography and undergoes gradient elution by 70-100% methanol concentration gradient. Successively a fraction having 90-95% concentration is collected, the solvent is evaporated, a solution of the residue in chloroform is subjected to adsorption-based liquid chromatography to elute chloroform.  Finally the solvent of the collected main fraction is evaporated and the solution of the residue in chloroform undergoes molecular sieve-based liquid column chromatography and purified.
Treatment of P. falciparum malaria with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is followed by a sharp rise in the density of gametocytes. Drug-induced release could enhance transmission of resistant parasites and would argue against the use of SP, especially for intermittent preventive treatment (IPT). We did a randomized trial to determine the effect of treatment with SP on gametocyte carriage. The trial is a three-arm open-label randomized trial. We randomized asymptomatic carriers of P.falciparum to receive antimalarial treatment or placebo, and recorded the prevalence and density of gametocytes over the next 2 months. The trial was conducted during the dry (low malaria transmission) season in four rural villages in The Gambia. Adults and children aged over 6 months who had asexual P.falciparum infection and were confirmed to be free of clinical symptoms of malaria over a 2-day screening period were enrolled and randomized to receive a single dose of SP, or SP plus a single dose of artesunate (SP+AS), or placebo. The primary endpoints were presence of gametocytes 7 and 56 days after treatment, and the duration and density of gametocytaemia over 2 months measured by the area under the curve of gametocyte density against time.
Molecular measurable residual disease (MRD, eg, by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, RT-qPCR), is an integral part of response assessment in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with established prognostic and evolving therapeutic significance. MRD failure can occur through several pathways (namely MRD persistence at the end of treatment at a high level, MRD progression from a low level or MRD re-emergence during follow up; the latter two constitute MRD relapse as defined by the European Leukemia Net) and is clinically actionable, with survival benefit reported in AML subgroups. Selection of pre-emptive therapy at MRD failure relies upon an integrated clinico-molecular assessment and is subset-specific. In acute promyelocytic leukemia, arsenic trioxide-based regimen for MRD failure following frontline treatment with all-trans-retinoic acid plus chemotherapy represents standard of care, while hypomethylating agents (eg, azacitidine), salvage chemotherapy (eg, FLAG-IDA) and venetoclax-based regimens are effective in NPM1-mutated AML. Specific inhibitors of FLT3 have emerging use in FLT3-mutated AML and are associated with minimal toxicity. Furthermore, immunotherapeutic approaches such as donor lymphocyte infusions and interferon-⍺ are efficacious options in the post-allogeneic-HSCT settings. Enrollment into clinical trials with genomic-guided assignment of pre-emptive therapy at MRD failure should be prioritized. Finally, with the emergence of novel agents (eg, menin inhibitors) and approaches (eg, adoptive cellular and immunological therapy), an exciting future lies ahead where a broad array of highly active pre-emptive therapeutic options will likely be clinically applicable to a wide range of AML subsets.
A computer-implemented method for scheduling, tracking, and executing performance of a set of tasks includes defining a time series, associating a current time occurrence on the time series, and associating a future time occurrence on the time series. The method includes creating a tasks list including the set of tasks. The method includes defining an interaction zone rule in association with the time series and triggering events to initiate the set of tasks. The method includes scheduling a task from the set of tasks at the future time occurrence relative to the current time occurrence based on occurrence of a triggering event in view of the interaction zone rule. The method includes receiving an output from an event monitor at a control server. The method includes notifying a remote device for performance of the scheduled task at the future time occurrence upon detection of the triggering event.
Four-repeat (4R) tauopathies are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by cerebral accumulation of 4R tau pathology. The most prominent 4R tauopathies are progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal degeneration characterized by subcortical tau accumulation and cortical neuronal dysfunction, as shown by PET-assessed hypoperfusion and glucose hypometabolism. Yet, there is a spatial mismatch between subcortical tau deposition patterns and cortical neuronal dysfunction, and it is unclear how these two pathological brain changes are interrelated. Here, we hypothesized that subcortical tau pathology induces remote neuronal dysfunction in functionally connected cortical regions to test a pathophysiological model that mechanistically links subcortical tau accumulation to cortical neuronal dysfunction in 4R tauopathies. We included 51 Aβ-negative patients with clinically diagnosed PSP variants (n = 26) or corticobasal syndrome (n = 25) who underwent structural MRI and 18F-PI-2620 tau-PET. 18F-PI-2620 tau-PET was recorded using a dynamic one-stop-shop acquisition protocol to determine an early 0.5-2.5 min post tracer-injection perfusion window for assessing cortical neuronal dysfunction, as well as a 20-40 min post tracer-injection window to determine 4R-tau load. Perfusion-PET (i.e. early window) was assessed in 200 cortical regions, and tau-PET was assessed in 32 subcortical regions of established functional brain atlases. We determined tau epicentres as subcortical regions with the highest 18F-PI-2620 tau-PET signal and assessed the connectivity of tau epicentres to cortical regions of interest using a resting-state functional MRI-based functional connectivity template derived from 69 healthy elderly controls from the ADNI cohort. Using linear regression, we assessed whether: (i) higher subcortical tau-PET was associated with reduced cortical perfusion; and (ii) cortical perfusion reductions were observed preferentially in regions closely connected to subcortical tau epicentres. As hypothesized, higher subcortical tau-PET was associated with overall lower cortical perfusion, which remained consistent when controlling for cortical tau-PET. Using group-average and subject-level PET data, we found that the seed-based connectivity pattern of subcortical tau epicentres aligned with cortical perfusion patterns, where cortical regions that were more closely connected to the tau epicentre showed lower perfusion. Together, subcortical tau-accumulation is associated with remote perfusion reductions indicative of neuronal dysfunction in functionally connected cortical regions in 4R-tauopathies. This suggests that subcortical tau pathology may induce cortical dysfunction, which may contribute to clinical disease manifestation and clinical heterogeneity.
Eastern Equine Encephalitis Vaccine will be administered as primary doses of 0.5 mL given subcutaneously in the upper outer aspect of the triceps area and booster doses of 0.1 mL given intradermally in the volar aspect of the forearm. The primary series will be administered on Days 0 and 26-35 with a booster at 6 months. Titers will be collected 28-35 days after the second primary vaccine is \< 1:40, the subject will receive a booster dose 28- 90 days of obtaining the titer result.