anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A novel method for the prevention of infectious diarrhea or diarrhea caused by antibiotic therapy is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of 1) mixing a powder comprising viable cultures of the probiotic organisms Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacieriurn infantis with a liquid; and 2) enterally administering the mixture to a mammal or a human. In a preferred embodiment at least 106 CFU (colony forming units) of each probiotic organism is consumed per day. The invention also relates to pills or capsules containing the probiotic system (Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium infantis) in a freeze dried or lyophilized form. The invention also relates to a novel powdered nutritional formula for the prevention of diarrhea that comprises protein, fat, carbohydrates and the microorganisms Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus acidophilis and Bifidobacterium infantis. In a preferred embodiment the powdered nutritional formula is a nutritionally complete infant formula. A large clinical study has shown that the probiotic system according to the invention when provided in a non-fermented form is efficacious in the prevention of diarrhea. Also disclosed is a method for manufacturing the formula of the invention.
Yangxue Qingnao pills is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which is composed of Angelicae Sinensis Radix , Chuanxiong Rhizoma , Paeoniae Radix Alba, Rehmannia glutinosa, Uncaria macrophylla Wall, Caulis spatholobi, Spica Prunellae, Catsia tora Linn , Mater Margarita, Corydalis ambigua and Asarum sieboldii. The function of Yangxue Qingnao pills is nourishing blood and calming liver, promoting blood circulation and dredging collaterals in Chinese traditional medicine theory. This study is a 48-weeks, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel controlled phase II trial being carried out in China. The study population includes mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (planned a total of 216) aged 65-85 in both gender. Participants will be randomly allocated to Yangxue Qingnao pills high dose group (7.5 g per time,2 times per day) ; and Yangxue Qingnao pills low dose group (5 g per time,2 times per day), or placebo group for a 48-weeks double-blind treatment period. The primary outcome measure is change from baseline in the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale- Cognition Subscale (ADAS-cog) and the clinical dementia rating scale. The secondary outcomes are changes from baseline in the Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE), Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living scale (ADCS-ADL/24) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Besides, the blood biomarkers including Aβ42, Aβ40, T-tau, P-tau181, NfL, TOM1, IL-1R1,IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a, FB, FH, sCR1, MCP-1, eotaxin-1, Ach, ChEI and the hippocampal volume on MRI. Safety is being assessed by observing side effects and adverse reaction during the entire treatment period. Statistical analysis will be conducted according to per-protocol population and intend-to-treat population and the safety will be analyzed in safety set.
The researchers recruited no less than 20 gastroenterologists to participate in the study, and gastroenterologists recruited 25 patients who were over 18 years of age and were positive for Helicobacter pylori for the first time. In this process, the patient population is not restricted, and the eradication program is not restricted. Gastroenterologists followed up their diagnosis and treatment. Researchers track and record patients' medications and adverse reactions during medication via phone or WeChat to assess patient compliance. Record the eradication rate. We will provide standardized Helicobacter pylori eradication training for the Department of Gastroenterology after all patients treated by gastroenterologists have been eradicated and reviewed. After the training, the gastroenterologist recruited 25 patients who were over 18 years old and were newly treated with Helicobacter pylori positive. In this process, the patient population is not restricted, and the eradication program is not restricted. Gastroenterologists followed up their diagnosis and treatment. Researchers track and record patients' medications and adverse reactions during medication via phone or WeChat to assess patient compliance. Record the eradication rate. Compare the eradication rate, adverse reaction rate and compliance of patients before and after the training of gastroenterologists.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a collagen-binding osteogenesis-promoting fusion protein which keeps an osteogenesis-promoting activity and to which an ability of binding to collagen is imported. SOLUTION: The objective protein is a fusion protein obtained by linking an osteogenesis-promoting factor to an amino acid sequence corresponding to a collagen-binding domain derived from a fibronectin obtained by degradation with a protease. Another objective protein is a collagen matrix obtained by conjugating the fusion protein to a collagen. The collagen-binding osteogenesis- promoting fusion protein, which is a hybrid protein keeping an osteogenesis- promoting activity and to which an activity of binding to collagen is imparted, is useful as a drug delivery system (DDS) for an osteogenesis-promoting factor. The protein is capable of conjugating to a collagen. The collagen matrix thus functionally modified is useful as a new biomaterial for tissue regeneration via an osteogenesis-promoting activity.
In the healing process of myocardial infarction, cardiac fibroblasts are activated to produce collagen, leading to adverse remodeling and heart failure. Our previous study showed that ASPP1 promotes cardiomyocyte apoptosis by enhancing the nuclear trafficking of p53. We thus explored the influence of ASPP1 on myocardial fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms. Here, we observed that ASPP1 was increased after 4 weeks of MI. Both global and myofibroblast knockout of ASPP1 in mice mitigated cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis after MI. Strikingly, ASPP1 produced the opposite influence on p53 level and cell fate in cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes. Knockdown of ASPP1 increased p53 levels and inhibited the activity of cardiac fibroblasts. ASPP1 accumulated in the cytoplasm of fibroblasts while the level of p53 was reduced following TGF-β1 stimulation; however, inhibition of ASPP1 increased the p53 level and promoted p53 nuclear translocation. Mechanistically, ASPP1 is directly bound to deubiquitinase OTUB1, thereby promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of p53, attenuating myofibroblast activity and cardiac fibrosis, and improving heart function after MI.
Monotherapy, especially the use of antibodies targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), has shown limitations in treating choroidal neovascularization (CNV) since reactive oxygen species (ROS) also exacerbate CNV formation. Herein, we developed a combination therapy based on a DNA origami platform targeting multiple components of ocular neovascularization. Our study demonstrated that ocular neovascularization was markedly suppressed by intravitreal injection of a rectangular DNA origami sheet modified with VEGF aptamers (Ap) conjugated to an anti-VEGF antibody (aV) via matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-cleavable peptide linkers in a mouse model of CNV. Typically, the DNA origami-based therapeutic platform selectively accumulates in neovascularization lesions owing to the dual-targeting ability of the aV and Ap, followed by the cleavage of the peptide linker by MMPs to release the antibody. Together, the released antibody and Ap inhibited VEGF activity. Moreover, the residual bare DNA origami could effectively scavenge ROS, reducing oxidative stress at CNV sites and thus maximizing the synergistic effects of inhibiting neovascularization.
PURPOSE: The accurate age estimation of cadavers is essential for their identification. However, conventional methods fail to yield adequate age estimation especially in elderly cadavers. We developed a deep learning algorithm for age estimation on CT images of the vertebral column and checked its accuracy.
METHOD: For the development of our deep learning algorithm, we included 1,120 CT data of the vertebral column of 140 patients for each of 8 age decades. The deep learning model of regression analysis based on Visual Geometry Group-16 (VGG16) was improved in its estimation accuracy by bagging. To verify its accuracy, we applied our deep learning algorithm to estimate the age of 219 cadavers who had undergone postmortem CT (PMCT). The mean difference and the mean absolute error (MAE), the standard error of the estimate (SEE) between the known- and the estimated age, were calculated. Correlation analysis using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis were performed to assess differences between the known- and the estimated age.
RESULTS: For the 219 cadavers, the mean difference between the known- and the estimated age was 0.30 years; it was 4.36 years for the MAE, and 5.48 years for the SEE. The ICC (2,1) was 0.96 (95 % confidence interval: 0.95-0.97, p < 0.001). Bland-Altman analysis showed that there were no proportional or fixed errors (p = 0.08 and 0.41).
CONCLUSIONS: Our deep learning algorithm for estimating the age of 219 cadavers on CT images of the vertebral column was more accurate than conventional methods and highly useful.
BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is prevalent in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and impacts surgical and therapeutic outcomes; thus, effective diagnostic tools are needed to assess muscle mass and function in this population.
METHODS: 153 consecutive patients were included, 100 in the training cohort and 53 in the study cohort. Three superficial muscles (rectus femoris = RF, rectus abdominis = RA, and biceps brachii = BB) were selected for the detection of sarcopenia using muscle ultrasound (US). The training cohort consisted of consecutive patients with or without IBD and was used to evaluate the feasibility and inter- and intra-observer variability of the US measurement. The study cohort consisted of only IBD patients and served to test US diagnostic accuracy. In the latter, muscle US, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were used to measure muscle parameters.
RESULTS: Sarcopenia prevalence in IBD patients was 50%. Muscle US showed excellent inter-rater and intra-rater reliability (ICC >0.95) and a good diagnostic accuracy in detecting sarcopenia compared to BIA with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) values of 80% and 85% for RA and BB thickness, respectively. Moreover, an Ultrasound Muscle Index (USMI) was defined as the sum of the RA, BB, and RF thickness divided by the square of the patient's height, resulting in an AUROC of 81%. Muscle thresholds for sarcopenia were detected, with RA and USMI values correlated with the highest positive (84.3%) and negative (99%) predictive values, respectively. Additionally, the agreement between the US and MRI measurements of RA was excellent (ICC 0.96).
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study emphasize the potential of muscle US as a reliable diagnostic tool for assessing sarcopenia in IBD patients. This research has significant implications for disease management in IBD patients and underscores the need for further investigations to validate these findings in larger cohorts.
Aberrant transcriptional activation of the androgen receptor (AR) is a predominant cause of prostate cancer (PCa), including both in the initial and androgen-independent stages. Our study highlights Golgi membrane protein 1 (GOLM1) as a key regulator of AR-driven transcriptional activity in PCa progression. Utilizing local clinical data and TCGA data, we have established a robust association between GOLM1 and AR target genes, and further demonstrated that GOLM1 can enhance the expression of AR target genes. We discovered that GOLM1 interacts with PSMD1, a component of the 19S regulatory complex in the 26S proteasome, using mass spectrometry and Co-IP analysis. It is well known that ubiquitin-proteasome plays a vital role in AR expression and transcriptional regulation. Our findings demonstrate that GOLM1 enhances ubiquitin proteasome activity by binding to PSMD1, thereby facilitating AR-driven transcriptional activity and PCa progression. These results indicate that GOLM1 and its associated proteins may become potential therapeutic targets for PCa characterized by dysregulated AR-driven transcriptional activation.
BACKGROUND: The main goal of this study was to examine how diabetes, cardiovascular calcification characteristics and other risk factors affect mortality in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients in the early stages of hemodialysis.
METHODS: A total of 285 ESRD patients in the early stages of hemodialysis were enrolled in this research, including 101 patients with diabetes. Survival time was monitored, and general data, biochemical results, cardiac ultrasound calcification of valvular tissue, and thoracic CT calcification of the coronary artery and thoracic aorta were recorded. Subgroup analysis and logistic regression were applied to investigate the association between diabetes and calcification. Cox regression analysis and survival between calcification, diabetes, and all-cause mortality. Additionally, the nomogram model was used to estimate the probability of survival for these individuals, and its performance was evaluated using risk stratification, receiver operating characteristic, decision, and calibration curves.
RESULTS: Cardiovascular calcification was found in 81.2% of diabetic patients (82/101) and 33.7% of nondiabetic patients (62/184). Diabetic patients had lower phosphorus, calcium, calcium-phosphorus product, plasma PTH levels and lower albumin levels (p < 0.001). People with diabetes were more likely to have calcification than people without diabetes (OR 5.66, 95% CI 1.96-16.36; p < 0.001). The overall mortality rate was 14.7% (42/285). The risk of death was notably greater in patients with both diabetes and calcification (29.27%, 24/82). Diabetes and calcification, along with other factors, collectively predict the risk of death in these patients. The nomogram model demonstrated excellent discriminatory power (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.975 at 5 years), outstanding calibration at low to high-risk levels and provided the greatest net benefit across a wide range of clinical decision thresholds.
CONCLUSIONS: In patients with ESRD during the early period of haemodialysis, diabetes significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular calcification, particularly multisite calcification, which is correlated with a higher mortality rate. The risk scores and nomograms developed in this study can assist clinicians in predicting the risk of death and providing individualised treatment plans to lower mortality rates in the early stages of hemodialysis.
PURPOSE: To improve the wettability and significantly shorten the disintegration time of a solid formulation even in the same amount added and formulating composition as those of a conventional formulation by using a specific hydroxypropyl cellulose having a low degree of substitition. CONSTITUTION: A hydroxypropyl cellulose having a low degree of substitution of 0.04-0.1 average number of substituted mol of hydroxypropoxyl groups based on the glucose unit (C6H10O5) is used. The object to which the objective hydroxypropyl cellulose is applied may be a solid formulation requiring the shortening of the disintegration time and, e.g. the hydroxylpropyl cellulose can be added at the time of granulating a tableting powder in the production of a tablet or mixed with the tableting powder after the granulation. Besides the abode hydroxypropyl cellulose, for example, a crude drug, a lubricant such as magnesium stearate, an excipient such as corn starch or lactose or other disintegrating agents or binders may be contained in the solid formulation. When the above hydroxypropyl cellulose is used as a binder for granulation, the amount thereof added is preferably 3-15 wt.% based on the solid formulation. after drying.
Wisconsin Stone-QOL survey. Patients with kidney stones or a history thereof will complete a kidney stone-specific health-related survey at enrollment and post-enrollment at 3 months, 12 months, 24 months, and 36 months.
Patients receive carboplatin IV and paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation IV on day 1 and an oral placebo on days 1-3. Treatment repeats weekly for 12 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
In the biofeedback arm, patients were instructed to carry out EMG-biofeedback training at home, standing, mornings and evenings, for 20-minute periods. The core of the task was to pull the plug-electrode upward inside the anal channel, like a lift, and to hold it there during varying periods of tension. This can only be done successfully if the perineum rises and at the same time the puborectal muscle is activated. Just squeezing the sphincter muscles does not produce this lifting effect.
INTRODUCTION: Concern about adverse effects from phenobarbital limits its use in treating alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) on general medical wards. Benzodiazepines are the recommended treatment for inpatient management of AWS, yet a subset of patients have an inadequate response or experience complications of AWS despite treatment with benzodiazepines. Data supporting an alternative treatment are needed. We set out to estimate the rate of serious adverse events (SAEs) of phenobarbital treatment for AWS on general medical wards.
METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of all general medical ward patients hospitalized at a single tertiary urban VA Medical Center from October 2018-May 2021 who received phenobarbital for treatment of AWS. Primary outcomes were SAEs attributed to phenobarbital and treatment failure. SAEs were defined as ICU transfer or intubation for over-sedation, pneumonia, and death. Treatment failure was defined as progression of withdrawal resulting in seizure, ICU transfer, behavioral emergencies, or death.
RESULTS: During the study period, phenobarbital was administered in 29% (244) of all AWS hospitalizations. Among them, 93% had a history of AWS hospitalization and 68% had a history of complicated AWS. Fifty-three percent of patients met criteria for moderate, severe, or complicated withdrawal prior to phenobarbital initiation. The mean cumulative dose of phenobarbital per patient was 966.5 mg (13.6 mg/kg). SAEs occurred in 1 of 244 hospitalizations (0.4%): there were no intubations, ICU transfers for oversedation, or deaths due to phenobarbital or AWS. One case of pneumonia was possibly attributable to phenobarbital. Treatment failures (6 ICU transfers, 9 behavioral emergencies) were identified during 12 of 244 hospitalizations (4.9%).
CONCLUSIONS: SAEs and treatment failures were infrequent among 148 patients treated with phenobarbital across 244 hospitalizations with a mean cumulative dose of 966.5 mg per patient. Our findings suggest that phenobarbital is a safe alternative treatment of AWS in general medical ward patients.
The invention discloses a dendrobium candidum compound preparation with functions of invigorating the kidney and strengthening Yan. The preparation is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15-50% of dendrobium candidum, 10-40% of sealwort, 10-40% of wolfberry and 15-50% of auxiliary materials. By taking dendrobium candidum, sealwort and wolfberry as effective components of the medicine, the raw materials in special percentage by weight have a mutual synergistic effect and the preparation can be applied to preparing medicines with functions of invigorating the kidney and strengthening Yang. The preparation not only is suitable for bodies with deficiency of vital essence, but also suitable for bodies with yin and body fluid deficiencies. The preparation can be used for the patients with lung-kidney deficiency, deficiency of both qi and yin, burnout and weakness, waist and knee pain, cough and less phlegm, dry mouth and throat and weak pulse. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the dendrobium candidum compound preparation with functions of invigorating the kidney and strengthening Yang. The preparation is extracted by using water and meanwhile, due to joint extraction, the efficiency can be improved and the uniformity of effective components of a product is improved.
Participants will receive standard of care antibiotics (vaginal Metronidazole gel). After standard antibiotic treatment, participants will receive a single intravaginal dose of cervicovaginal secretions (10 mg in 1 ml total volume, 0.9 ml normal saline).
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) poses persistent challenges due to its chronic and recurrent nature, exacerbated by the unsatisfactory outcomes of the traditional treatment approaches. In this study, we developed a dietary supplement, selenium-enriched Pichia kudriavzevii (SeY), to alleviate dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. The newly developed functional food shows dual-functional activity, acting both as a probiotic and a reliable source of organic selenium. This study aimed to investigate the preventive effects of SeY against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Results showed that SeY, especially at high doses (HSeY), significantly ameliorated colitis symptoms, reduced colonic damage, attenuated inflammatory responses, and mitigated oxidative stress. Furthermore, HSeY strengthened intestinal barrier function by increasing goblet cell numbers, upregulating MUC2 expression, and enhancing tight junction proteins (ZO-1, claudin-1, and occludin). Additionally, HSeY alleviated gut microbiota dysbiosis by promoting the colonization of beneficial bacteria such as norank-f-Muribaculaceae and Bacteroides, while suppressing harmful microorganisms such as norank-f-norank-o-Clostridia-UCG-014. The altered gut microbiota also affected gut metabolism, with differential metabolites primarily associated with amino acids, such as tryptophan metabolism, contributing to the mitigation of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Further studies involving antibiotic-mediated depletion of gut flora and fecal microbiota transfer trials corroborated that the preventive effect of HSeY against IBD relied on the gut microbiota. This study provides vital insights into colitis prevention and advances selenium-enriched fortified food-targeted nutritional interventions.
A method of extracting total alkaloids from nudicaulous poppy fruit or herb with flower is disclosed. Medicines adopting the nudicaulous poppy fruit or herb with flower as a direct raw material are not suitable for industrial production and uncontrollable in product quality, the using amount is large, and patient compliance is poor. Therefore, the invention provides the method of extracting the total alkaloids from the nudicaulous poppy fruit or herb with flower, wherein the method has advantages of simple and convenient operation, short extraction time, high extraction efficiency, safety, and the like. The method optimizes the prior art by strict control of the solvent concentration in a preparation process, the solvent volume, the refluxing time and the number of times of refluxing. Experiments show that the total alkaloids extracted by the method have characteristics of high content, definite components, uniqueness, stable composition and stable quality, and can achieve industrial production. The process is free of organic solvents, thus avoiding potential harm to human by the residue organic solvents.