anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The incidence of thyroid cancer has exploded in the past 5 decades, with a roughly three-fold increase since 1995. Fortunately, many new cases are small, early-stage thyroid cancers. The American Thyroid Association guidelines state that patients with papillary thyroid cancers less than 4 cm can choose either thyroid lobectomy or total thyroidectomy. However, it is unclear why patients will sometimes choose more aggressive treatments that carry additional operative risk when a less aggressive option is available. When investigators examined thyroid specialists' recommendations for thyroid cancer treatment, investigators found significant variation between physicians' risk estimates and their treatment recommendations. This illustrated that patients may receive inconsistent counseling regarding their diagnosis and treatment options from different providers. Worse yet, other studies have shown that patients often do not perceive a choice in their treatment. When patients undergo treatments that do not align with their own priorities and values, they may experience regret and low satisfaction. Decision aids have been shown to help patients feel more educated about their options but have not had an effect on their treatment choice, decision regret, or satisfaction.

The aim of this study is to use an ethnographic approach to map the patient decision-making process and develop a Decision Navigation Tool to improve decision outcomes for thyroid cancer patients. An ethnographic approach seeks to understand the social norms, culture, and context that influence these decisions. Investigators will do so in 3 phases: 1) elicit patient decision criteria in selecting initial treatment for thyroid cancer, 2) construction and validation of decision-tree model for initial treatment of thyroid cancer, and 3) pilot randomized controlled trial of a Decision Navigation Tool. To construct the decision model, investigators will recruit a diverse sample of patients with varying age, gender, race/ethnicity, and operative and cancer outcomes. The Decision Navigation Tool will highlight patients' values and priorities and empower them to select a treatment aligned with their preferences. This study will provide important insights into the patient experience of decision-making in thyroid cancer and test the feasibility of a future multi-center large-scale clinical trial of a Decision Navigation Tool to improve decision outcomes.
PURPOSE:To obtain a mixed tea, capable of enriching mutual action of respective ingredients, good in aroma, readily drinkable and having excellent action also on taste by blending and mixing coarse green tea with Glechroma hederacea belonging to the family Labitae and lemongrass, etc., belonging tot he family Gramineae in respective specific proportions. CONSTITUTION:The above-mentioned Glechoma hederacea and lemongrass, etc., in respective amounts of 3-30 pts. are added to 100 pts. green tea other than the period of newly-picked green tea, so-called coarse green tea and the resultant mixture is shredded and sealed in a paper bag for leaching. In this case, since about 10-3g mixed tea of the aforementioned blend is normally used for 100ml water, a suitable amount thereof within the above-mentioned range may be sealed. The aforementioned mixed green ta has the hypoglycemic action of the coarse green tea strengthened by blending of the Glechoma hederacea and lemongrass in the suitable amounts. Effects are produced by addition and synergy of cholagogic and litholytic action of the Glechoma hederacea, hypotensive action, etc., of the lemongrass with action of the aforementioned mixed green tea.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The issue of racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare has been a significant concern for many years. It encompasses various aspects, including disease prevention, diagnosis, management, and end-of-life (EOL) care. Research has found that timely intervention with palliative care can result in better EOL care and reduced healthcare costs. This review aims to detail the role of healthcare disparities impacting palliative care, hospice enrollment, and EOL care in patients with serious illnesses who are facing EOL. It addresses the factors that play a role in creating these disparities and describes specific interventions that may reduce disparities in the provision of EOL care.
METHODS: Authors searched, PubMed Central, Medline, and PubMed databases using Racial Disparity and End-of-Life/Palliative Care combinations. A total of 57 studies were identified. All articles were reviewed, and the available evidence was synthesized and to identify key domains in EOL care impacted by racial disparities and the factors contributing to them.
KEY CONTENT AND FINDINGS: Several patient, provider, and institutional level factors may be responsible for disparities seen in EOL care, including health literacy, access to care, mistrust of the healthcare system, social determinants of health (SDH), medical racism, cultural and religious customs, and communication at EOL. Disparities in EOL care experienced by minority patients is an extension of the systemic and institutionalized racism rampant in the healthcare system. Providers must work on multiple fronts to address this inequity and injustice, the first of which is recognition and conversation regarding disparities in EOL care.
CONCLUSIONS: Disparities in communication, palliative and hospice care utilization, and symptom management must be eradicated. Palliative care and hospice should be made accessible for all patients and families experiencing severe illness regardless of their racial or ethnic background.
BACKGROUND: Concomitant invasive ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma, unilateral renal agenesis and bicornuate uterus is a rare combination. Unilateral renal agenesis has been associated with genital anomalies, such as unicornuate and bicornuate uterus. Furthermore, a wealth of studies has reported the association between unicornuate uterus and ovarian anomalies, such as the absence of an ovary or ectopic ovaries, but rarely has there been a combination of the three to the best of our knowledge. The present case report is the first case presentation with a combination of the three syndromes: ovarian mucinous tumor, unilateral renal agenesis, and bicornuate uterus.
CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 17-year-old who presented with abdominal distension. On examination, a CT scan revealed a large multicystic abdominal mass on the right side, with an absence of the right kidney while the left kidney was normal in size, appearance, and position. Intraoperatively, massive blood-stained ascitic fluid was evacuated. Additionally, a large whitish polycystic intra-abdominal mass with mucus-like materials and solid areas was attached to the midpoint of the colon and the right ovary, with visible metastasis to the omentum. The uterus was bicornuate. The mass and omentum were taken for histopathology and a diagnosis of invasive ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with metastasis to the colon and omentum was made after a pathological report.
CONCLUSIONS: The presence of these conditions in the same individual could potentially complicate medical management and fertility considerations. Thus, a need for a multidisciplinary medical team, including gynecologists, urologists, and oncologists, to address their unique needs and provide appropriate treatment and guidance. Further research and case studies are needed to better understand the possible association and implications of these rare co-occurring conditions.
Group A will receive a diagnostic ankle arthroscopy followed by the Modified Brostrӧm Procedure (MBP). In the ankle arthroscopy, multiple pictures are taken inside of the joint to note possible pathologic processes (for example - osteochondral lesions of the talus). Ankle arthroscopy involves one incision in the middle of the ankle anteriomedial (middle) incision and one incision on the outside of the ankle. Each incision (a small cut in the skin) is roughly 5mm in length (which is about 0.2 inches). After the incision is made, the participant will receive a diagnostic ankle arthroscopy.If the surgeon detects an abnormality inside the joint, he will operate on the abnormality with the arthroscope according to the generally accepted principles for treating the abnormality.
Leucine aminoacyl tRNA-synthetase 1 (LARS1)-deficiency (infantile liver failure syndrome type 1 (ILFS1)) has a multisystemic phenotype including fever-associated acute liver failure (ALF), chronic neurologic abnormalities, and encephalopathic episodes. In order to better characterize encephalopathic episodes and MRI changes, 35 cranial MRIs from 13 individuals with LARS1 deficiency were systematically assessed and neurological phenotype was analyzed. All individuals had developmental delay and 10/13 had seizures. Encephalopathic episodes in 8/13 were typically associated with infections, presented with seizures and reduced consciousness, mostly accompanied by hepatic dysfunction, and recovery in 17/19 episodes. Encephalopathy without hepatic dysfunction occurred in one individual after liver transplantation. On MRI, 5/7 individuals with MRI during acute encephalopathy had deep gray matter and brainstem changes. Supratentorial cortex involvement (6/13) and cerebellar watershed injury (4/13) occurred with seizures and/or encephalopathy. Abnormal brainstem contour on sagittal images (8/13), atrophy (8/13), and myelination delay (8/13) were not clearly associated with encephalopathy. The pattern of deep gray matter and brainstem changes are apparently characteristic of encephalopathy in LARS1-deficiency, differing from patterns of hepatic encephalopathy or metabolic stroke in organic acidurias and mitochondrial diseases. While the pathomechanism remains unclear, fever and energy deficit during infections might be causative; thus, sufficient glucose and protein intake along with pro-active fever management is suggested. As severe episodes were observed during influenza infections, we strongly recommend seasonal vaccination.
The chemical male mouse sterilant consists of cyclopropanol derivative 3-chloro-1.2-diol as effective component in 0.5-1 wt% and granular bait in 99-99.5 wt%. The bait consists of corn powder, wheat flour, bran, fish meal, sugar and vegetable oil in certain proportion. The mouse sterilant can kill spermatogenous cell and supporting cell of male mouse to reach the aim of being sterile. It has no damage to interstitial cell of male mouse and thus has double effect of controlling propagation and 'competitive propagation interference'. Once application of the mouse sterilant can control the mouse density below no-harm level for at least 15 months. It has no sensitivity and toxicity on farm animal and birds and no environmental pollution, and may be used widely in household, farm land, forest, grass land and other places.
In this study, patients with suspected prostate cancer were were enrolled at our institution, a public referral tertiary center. After written consent was obtained， patients were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group in a 1:1 ratio using SPSS software by a research nurse with no clinical involvement in the trial. Once the allocation was established, neither patients nor investigators, including the member of the study who collected the data related to infectious events later, were blinded. Prior to biopsy, the following patient characteristics were obtained: age, BMI, serum PSA levels, location and size of the region of interest, and PIRADS-V2 score. Biopsy was performed by an experienced urologist using standard transperineal technique. The patient was placed in lithotomy position. After the ultrasound probe was inserted through the rectum, 10ml of 5% lidocaine was injected into the prostate capsule and apex under ultrasound guidance. Patients assigned to the experimental group were informed of the personalized systematic biopsy combined with targeted biopsy using the (12 cores -x) model (https://daringsky.shinyapps.io/prediction_v2/)， and the control group received targeted biopsy combined systematic biopsy. A biopsy core was obtained using an 18-gauge 25cm needle and a spring needle biopsy gun. The primary endpoint was the rate of prostate cancer diagnosis, including clinically significant cases. The secondary endpoints included pain scores and complications such as hematuria, perineal hematoma, urinary tract infection, and urinary retention.
Two double-blind pharmacodynamic studies were conducted in which 82 healthy volunteers were randomized to receive vaccinia vaccination with or without VIGIV.

In the first study, the efficacy of 9000 Units per kg of VIGIV on the immunologic and local response to Dryvax was evaluated. A total of 32 healthy subjects were randomized to receive single IV infusions of either VIGIV (9000 Units per kg) or Placebo (0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection USP) on Day 0, and either Placebo or VIGIV (9000 Units per kg) concurrently with vaccinia (Dryvax) vaccination on Day 4.

In a second study, 50 healthy subjects were randomized to receive a single IV infusion of either VIGIV (9000 Units per kg), VIGIV (24,000 Units per kg), or Placebo (0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection USP) on Day 0, and either placebo or vaccinia (Dryvax) vaccination on Day 4.

The effect of VIGIV on the immunologic response to Dryvax was determined by measuring vaccinia antibody titer (vaccinia IgG) in plasma and comparing titer levels across all three treatment arms. In addition, the effect of VIGIV on the local response (tissue) to Dryvax was assessed by evaluating the size of the pox reaction, as well as the area of erythema and induration following vaccination.

VIGIV (9000 Units per kg and 24,000 Units per kg) reduced the local and immunological response to vaccinia vaccination when it was administered 4 days prior to vaccination compared to vaccination alone. This is consistent with the hypothesis that VIGIV can neutralize vaccinia virus in vivo [see 14 CLINICAL STUDIES]. In addition, infusions of VIGIV of up to 24,000 Units per kg were well tolerated [see 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience].
Randomisation in the cRCT will be conducted at the cluster level. PfR is a 16-session manualised programme starting with nine single sex sessions followed by seven mixed sex sessions, delivered once a week by two local facilitators who receive one week's training. Activities were developed specifically for PfR or adapted from other parenting programs, including Project H, Stepping Stones, Mema kwa Jamii, The International Child Development Programme and Parenting for Lifelong Health. The programme addresses four familial processes associated with GBV and VAC: poor parental bonding and child attachment; harsh parenting; inequitable socialisation by gender and parental conflict. A particular goal is to involve fathers, whom most parenting programmes find hard to recruit, and the first nine sessions are delivered in single-sex groups.
BACKGROUND: Disorders of consciousness (DoC) are a group of conditions that affect the level of awareness and communication in patients. While neuroimaging techniques can provide useful information about the brain structure and function in these patients, most existing methods rely on a single modality for analysis and rarely account for brain injury. To address these limitations, we propose a novel method that integrates two neuroimaging modalities, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), to enhance the classification of subjects into different states of consciousness.
METHOD AND RESULTS: The main contributions of our work are threefold: first, after constructing a dual-model individual graph using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), we introduce a brain injury mask mechanism that consolidates damaged brain regions into a single graph node, enhancing the modeling of brain injuries and reducing deformation effects. Second, to address over-smoothing, we construct a dual-level graph that dynamically construct a population-level graph with node features from individual graphs, to promote the clustering of similar subjects while distinguishing dissimilar ones. Finally, we employ a subgraph exploration model with task-fMRI data to validate the interpretability of our model, confirming that the selected brain regions are task-relevant in cognition. Our experimental results on data from 89 healthy participants and 204 patients with DoC from Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, demonstrate that our method achieves high accuracy in classifying patients into unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS), minimally conscious state (MCS), or normal conscious state, outperforming current state-of-the-art methods. The explainability results of our method identified a subset of brain regions that are important for consciousness, such as the default mode network, the salience network, the dorsal attention network, and the visual network. Our method also revealed the relationship between brain networks and language processing in consciousness, and showed that language-related subgraphs can distinguish MCS from UWS patients.
CONCLUSION: We proposed a novel graph learning method for classifying DoC based on fMRI and DTI data, introducing a brain injury mask mechanism to effectively handle damaged brains. The classification results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in distinguishing subjects across different states of consciousness, while the explainability results identify key brain regions relevant to this classification. Our study provides new evidence for the role of brain networks and language processing in consciousness, with potential implications for improving the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with DoC.
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a group of thromboembolic diseases including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary thromboembolism (PE), which is a systemic disease caused by a combination of risk factors. The risk of venous thromboembolism can be greatly reduced by the preventive treatment of it in hospitalized patients according to their risk level. The common risk assessment tools for inpatient VTE include the Padua score for medical patients and the Caprini score for surgical patients, but there is no clinical basis for implementing risk assessment for critically ill patients. The question of how to perform VTE risk assessment in ICU patients to prevent and treat the occurrence of VTE is worth exploring.

This study was designed according to a prospective study method. Data and information were collected from the time the patients were admitted to the ICU to the time the patients were discharged from the ICU.There are three purposes for this study. First, to observe the predictive effect and evaluate the value of the ICU-VTE scoring scale in comprehensive ICU patients; Second, to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the ICU-VTE scoring tool with the Padua score (internal medicine) and Caprini score tool (surgery); To analyze the risk factors for VTE in comprehensive ICU patients and to optimize the VTE risk prediction model; Third, to look into the prevention and treatment of VTE in critically ill ICU patients.
The present invention provides a novel compound blood pressure reducing preparation which contains amlodipine, atenolol and carriers acceptable to pharmacy, wherein the amlodipine comprises benzene sulfonate, maleate and other salts acceptable to pharmacy or a mixture of the salts. If each preparation unit contains 0.5 to 5 mg of amlodipine benzene sulfonate (by amlodipine) and 5 to 25 mg of atenolol, the optimal content proportion of the amlodipine to the atenolol is 1 to 10. The novel compound blood pressure reducing preparation utilizes the synergistic effect of medicine. A blood pressure reducing effect is equal to amlodipine independently used by multitarget synergistic blood pressure reducing action in the optimal dose range. Moreover, the administration dose of amlodipine is reduced by 2.5 to 5 times. The present invention reduces side effects, and improves the compliance of patients.
Participants will have study visits every week during Cycle 1, and then on Day 1 of every cycle for the first year. After that, they will have study visits on Day 1 of every 2 cycles.
The placebo intervention was 200mg Rayotabs. The intervention was provided in blue and white gelatine capsules to be taken orally - same as the lithium intervention to maintain blinding.
This paper aims to provide an in-depth review of the specific outcomes associated with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), focusing on their purported effects on post-surgical complications in trauma patients. A comprehensive investigation of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids was conducted until February 2023 using the PubMed database. Surgical trauma is characterized by a disruption in immune response post surgery, known to induce systemic inflammation. Omega-3 PUFAs are believed to offer potential improvements in multiple post-surgical complications because of their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Inconsistent findings have emerged in the context of cardiac surgeries, with the route of administration playing a mediating role in these outcomes. The effects of omega-3 PUFAs on post-operative atrial fibrillation have exhibited variability across various studies. Omega-3 PUFAs have demonstrated positive effects in liver surgery outcomes and in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Omega-3 is suggested to offer potential benefits, particularly in the perioperative care of patients undergoing traumatic procedures. Incorporating omega-3 in such cases is hypothesized to contribute to a reduction in certain surgical outcomes, such as hospitalization duration and length of stay in the intensive care unit. Therefore, comprehensive assessments of adverse effects can aid in identifying the presence of subtle or inconspicuous side effects associated with omega-3.
The present application relates generally to computer software, mobile electronics, wireless communication links, and wearable monitoring systems. More specifically, techniques, systems, sensors, circuitry, algorithms and methods for wearable monitoring devices and associated exercise apparatus are described. A garment borne sensor system may acquire data on a user's performance during exercise, for example. The data may be analyzed in real time and feedback may be provided to the user based on the analysis. Analysis may be used to alter behavior of the user and/or an apparatus the user is engaged with during an activity, such as exercise, conditioning, therapy, etc. A piece of exercise equipment may be instrumented and in communication with the sensor system or other system and may be controlled in real time to adjust its settings to affect the user during the exercise routine. Communication between the sensor system and other systems may be wireless.
Risk Summary

Levodopa has been detected in human milk after administration of carbidopa-levodopa. There are no data on the presence of entacapone or carbidopa in human milk, the effects of levodopa, carbidopa, or entacapone on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. However, inhibition of lactation may occur because levodopa decreases secretion of prolactin [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.6)]. Carbidopa and entacapone are excreted in rat milk. In lactating rat, oral administration of radiolabeled entacapone resulted in levels of entacapone and/or metabolites in milk up to 2 to 3 times that in plasma. 

  


The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for carbidopa, levodopa and entacapone tablets and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from carbidopa, levodopa and entacapone tablets or from the underlying maternal condition.