anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Radiation therapy is one of the primary treatments for thoracic malignancies, with radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) emerging as its most prevalent complication. RILI encompasses early-stage radiation pneumonitis (RP) and the subsequent development of radiation pulmonary fibrosis (RPF). During radiation treatment, not only are tumor cells targeted, but normal tissue cells, including alveolar epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells, also sustain damage. Within the lungs, ionizing radiation boosts the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species across various cell types. This elevation precipitates the release of cytokines and chemokines, coupled with the infiltration of inflammatory cells, culminating in the onset of RP. This pulmonary inflammatory response can persist, spanning a duration from several months to years, ultimately progressing to RPF. This review aims to explore the alterations in cytokine and chemokine release and the influx of immune cells post-ionizing radiation exposure in the lungs, offering insights for the prevention and management of RILI.
BACKGROUND: Reports of adverse reactions to metal debris contributed in part to a decline in use of large-bearing metal-on-metal total hip devices. We hypothesize an optimal trunnion design may reduce risk of this failure mode in large-bearing total hip arthroplasty systems. The purpose of this study is to report mid- to long-term outcomes for a single-surgeon series of 211 total hip arthroplasties using the large-bearing Biomet Magnum metal-on-metal system.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between December 2004 and January 2016, the primary surgeon performed 211 uncemented Magnum total hip arthroplasties in 181 patients. The average length of follow-up was 10.1 ± 3.5 years (range 8-18 years).
RESULTS: Using failure of any component as the endpoint, the overall survivorship rate was 98.1% at 10 years and 97.4% at 18 years. These eight failures (3.8% of cohort) included one case of adverse wear-related failure (0.5%), two cases of acetabular ingrowth failure (0.9%), three cases of trunnion corrosion (1.4%), one failure of late infection (0.5%), and one inappropriate revision of components for trochanteric nonunion without instability (0.5%). Excluding failed cases, all components were radiographically stable with no radiolucencies. Except for the one wear failure, ion testing revealed that 97.2% of cases were within optimal whole blood metal ion levels with the remaining ion test results within acceptable levels.
CONCLUSIONS: With the uncemented Magnum metal-on-metal total hip, we achieved 97.4% 18-year implant survivorship, exceeding the NICE criteria and registry benchmarks for implant survivorship. We observed a trunnion corrosion rate of 1.4% and no cases of instability. The single case of adverse wear-related failure was caused by acetabular component malposition.
Doxorubicin, an anthracycline chemotherapeutic agent, elicits a deleterious cardiotoxicity known as doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy (DIC) that circumscribes its chemotherapy utility for malignancies. Recent empirical evidence implicates ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death, as playing a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of DIC. We postulated that anti-ferroptosis agents may constitute a novel therapeutic strategy for mitigating DIC. To test this hypothesis, we engineered baicalin-peptide supramolecular self-assembled nanofibers designed to selectively target the angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R), which is upregulated in doxorubicin-damaged cardiomyocytes. This enabled targeted delivery of baicalin, a natural antioxidant compound, to inhibit ferroptosis in the afflicted myocardium. In vitro, the nanofibers ameliorated cardiomyocyte death by attenuating peroxide accumulation and suppressing ferroptosis. In a murine model of DIC, AT1R-targeted baicalin delivery resulted in efficacious cardiac accumulation and superior therapeutic effects compared to systemic administration. This investigation delineates a promising framework for developing targeted therapies that alleviate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting the ferroptosis pathway in cardiomyocytes.
PURPOSE: To obtain a two-phase type UV rays protective cosmetic containing an oily UV absorbent, oil-absorbing powder and an aqueous medium and feeling of use free from sticky feeling and long acting property of UV reys protective effect. CONSTITUTION: This cosmetic is obtained by mixing an oily UV absorbent with oil-absorbing powder, carrying the oily UV absorbent on the oil-absorbing powder and then mixing the powder with an aqueous medium. The oily UV absorbent contains 0.1-10wt.% of an aminobenzoate-based, salicylate-based, cinnamate-based, benzophenone-based or urocanic acid-based ultraviolet absorbent or vitamins. The oil absorbing powder contains 0.01-50wt.% of an oil absorbing powder having 0.005-30μm average particle diameter and >=0.5ml of squalene/g oil absorbing ability in drying. The oil-absorbing powder is composed of a notural organic polymer, a synthetic organic polymer or a natural organic polymer or a complex of the synthetic organic polymer with an inorganic compound. The cosmetic contains >=75wt.% of ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerin, etc., as the aqueous medium.
The invention comprises 5-nitrofuran derivatives of the general formula:- <FORM:0925569/IV(a)/1> in which R is a hydrogen atom or alkyl radical; the quaternary ammonium salts and N-oxides thereof. The compounds are prepared by heating 5-nitrofurfurol with an alkyl pyridine at 50-200 DEG C. in an acid medium, e.g. acetic anhydride. The quaternary ammonium salts may be obtained by further reaction with alkyl or aryl halides.  The N-oxides are obtained by oxidising the pyridine derivative with a per acid, e.g. perbenzoic or peracetic acid.
The invention provides a small RNA of a PIANZAIHUANG for preventing and/or treating hepatic fibrosis, a small RNA composition, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicines. The small RNA of the invention is a nucleotide sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NO.1 and SEQ ID NO. 3-6, and the small RNA composition is composed of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1-6 as a component. The 6 small RNA molecules can be effectively absorbed by ingestion, exist in vivo stably, play a role in preventing and/or treating liver fibrosis, and the composition obtained by combining the 6 small RNA molecules can also be used for preventing and/or treating liver fibrosis. The research of the invention discovers that the small RNA which is beneficial to preventing and treating hepatic fibrosis in the PIANZAIHUANG has important significance for further research and development and quality control of the PIANZAIHUANG.
Superpotent calcitonin analogs (Ct) having greatly increased hypocalcemic action in vivo. The invention relates to calcitonins and calcitonin derivatives such as are employed for the therapy, for example, of osteoporosis, of Paget's disease or of hypercalcemia. The calcitonins and calcitonin derivatives according to the invention are distinguished by a bridging of the amino acids present in the positions 17 and 21.  In this case, by means of suitable choice of the amino acids present in these positions an 18-membered or 19-membered ring is produced. This ring leads to an increased conformational stability and to an increased activity of the modified calcitonin. A  particularly suitable hCt (human Ct) analog is the type cyclo17.21-[Asp17,Om21]-hCt according to the invention having a 19-membered ring structure between the lactam--bridged Asp17 and Om21.
The theatre expression workshops will run for 12 weeks, with one 75-minute workshop per week. They will be incorporated into the regular class timetable and will be run by the two members of the intervention team who have training in theatre and psychology, and the homeroom teacher, whose level of direct involvement will increase gradually as he or she becomes familiar with the workshops.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves using sea hydrobiont cucumaria as biological raw materials. Viscera are removed from the raw materials, the body is rinsed with physiological salt solution, treated 10-15 min at 50-70 C, homogenized in 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The homogenate is differentially centrifuged, treated with ultrasonic radiation and frozen three times at a temperature below -30 C and defrosted at room temperature with following liquid fraction separation containing the end product by means of filtering and lyophilization. The end product output is 0.7-1.0 g per 100 g of the raw materials. EFFECT: higher specific activity and water solubility.
### Prophylaxis

The recommended dose of clarithromycin for the prevention of disseminated Mycobacterium avium disease is 500 mg b.i.d. In children, the recommended dose is 7.5 mg/kg b.i.d. up to 500 mg b.i.d. No studies of clarithromycin for MAC prophylaxis have been performed in pediatric populations and the doses recommended for prophylaxis are derived from MAC treatment studies in children. Dosing recommendations for children are in the table above.

  


### Treatment

Clarithromycin is recommended as the primary agent for the treatment of disseminated infection due to Mycobacterium avium complex. Clarithromycin should be used in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs that have shown in vitro activity against MAC or clinical benefit in MAC treatment. (See CLINICAL STUDIES.) The recommended dose for mycobacterial infections in adults is 500 mg b.i.d. In children, the recommended dose is 7.5 mg/kg b.i.d. up to 500 mg b.i.d. Dosing recommendations for children are in the table above.

Clarithromycin therapy should continue for life if clinical and mycobacterial improvements are observed.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the seventh most common cause of mortality and one of the major causes of disability and vulnerability in the elderly. AD is characterized by gradual cognitive deterioration, the buildup of misfolded amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide, and the generation of neurofibrillary tangles. Despite enormous scientific progress, there is no effective cure for AD. Thus, exploring new treatment options to stop AD or at least slow down its progress is important. In this study, we investigated the potential therapeutic effects of MCC950 on NLRP3-mediated inflammasome-driven inflammation and autophagy in AD. Rats treated with streptozotocin (STZ) exhibited simultaneous activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and autophagy, as confirmed by Western blot, immunofluorescence, and co-immunoprecipitation analyses. MCC950, a specific NLRP3 inhibitor, was intraperitoneally administered (50 mg/kg body weight) to rats with AD-like symptoms induced by intracerebroventricular STZ injections (3 mg/kg body weight). MCC950 effectively suppressed STZ-induced cognitive impairment and anxiety by inhibiting NLRP3-dependent neuroinflammation. Moreover, our findings indicate that MCC950 exerts neuroprotective effects by attenuating autophagy in neuronal cells. The inhibiting effects of MCC950 on inflammasome activation and autophagy were reproduced in vitro, provding further mechansistic insights into MCC950 therapeutic action. Our findings suggest that MCC950 impedes the progression of AD and may also improve cognitive function through the mitigation of autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition.
Male circumcision is a common surgical procedure performed in the newborn period. The American Academy of Pediatrics Task Force on Circumcision recently published an update on circumcision policy stating the benefits of male circumcision outweigh the risks. Given this update, the investigators anticipate a percentage of families who were previously undecided about circumcision will choose to have their newborn circumcised. A common concern for both parents and physicians is effective pain control. For intra-operative pain control, dorsal penile nerve block (DPNB) has been found to be the most effective when compared to EMLA (lidocaine-prilocaine) or placebo. Acetaminophen is a relatively safe, easy to administer analgesic. Prior studies have suggested that acetaminophen could be helpful in postoperative comfort. However, studies examining the effectiveness of acetaminophen for postoperative pain control in infants who received DPNB are lacking. In addition, prior studies have been incomplete in the assessment of neonatal pain.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating and fatal paralytic disorder associated with motor neuron death. Mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) misfolding and aggregation have been linked to familial ALS, with the accumulation of abnormal wild-type SOD1 species being also observed in postmortem tissue of sporadic ALS cases. Both wild-type and mutated SOD1 are reported to contribute to motoneuron cell death. The autophagic pathway has been shown to be dysregulated in ALS. Recent evidence suggests a dual time-dependent role of autophagy in the progression of the disease. PACER, also called RUBCNL (Rubicon-like), is an enhancer of autophagy and has been found diminished in its levels during ALS pathology in mice and humans. Pacer loss of function disturbs the autophagy process and leads to the accumulation of SOD1 aggregates, as well as sensitizes neurons to death. Therefore, here we investigated if constitutive overexpression of PACER in neurons since early development is beneficial in an in vivo model of ALS. We generated a transgenic mouse model overexpressing human PACER in neurons, which then was crossbred with the mutant SOD1G93A ALS mouse model. Unexpectedly, PACER/SOD1G93A double transgenic mice exhibited an earlier disease onset and shorter lifespan than did littermate SOD1G93A mice. The overexpression of PACER in neurons in vivo and in vitro increased the accumulation of SOD1 aggregates, possibly due to impaired autophagy. These results suggest that similar to Pacer loss-of function, Pacer gain-of function is detrimental to autophagy, increases SOD1 aggregation and worsens ALS pathogenesis. In a wider context, our results indicate the requirement to maintain a fine balance of PACER protein levels to sustain proteostasis.
The patient receiving hemodialysis treatment will be given fistula self-care training in 2 sessions. An educational booklet will be provided after the training.
Food insecurity in older adults is a complex issue that is growing in scale. This project will compare two innovative produce prescription delivery models against a usual care produce prescription model. The patient population is older adults (aged 65 and over) who have screened positive for food insecurity from one of three primary care clinics in Erie County Medical Center (ECMC). ECMC is located in a medically underserved area of Buffalo, New York, where the majority of the population identifies as African American. Each participant will be randomized to one of the three study arms. Each intervention will give a participant free food (21 servings of fruits and vegetables) weekly for 12 weeks. The usual care arm is receiving access to a mobile market-based produce prescription which can be redeemed at over 10 locations in the city. The first intervention arm will have a fully customizable box of fresh fruits and vegetables delivered to their home. The second intervention arm will be a meal kit delivery box where a participant can choose from 6-9 options weekly. Outcomes compared across arms include enrollment, redemption, and food usage. The investigators will also explore impact of the intervention on fruit and vegetable consumption and related psychosocial behaviors. The investigators will collaborate with an older adult patient advisory group in the development of the two novel interventions and utilize rapid weekly survey feedback to optimize the programs before the end of the 12-week time period. This research will help understand how to best address low utilization rates of food prescription programs with the goal of reducing food insecurity and chronic disease among older adults.
BACKGROUND: Pathogenic variants in TTN cause a spectrum of autosomal dominant and recessive cardiovascular, skeletal muscle and cardioskeletal disease with symptom onset across the lifespan. The aim of this study was to characterise the genotypes and phenotypes in a cohort of TTN+paediatric patients.
METHODS: Retrospective chart review was performed at four academic medical centres. Patients with pathogenic or truncating variant(s) in TTN and paediatric-onset cardiovascular and/or neuromuscular disease were eligible.
RESULTS: 31 patients from 29 families were included. Seventeen patients had skeletal muscle disease, often with proximal weakness and joint contractures, with average symptom onset of 2.2 years. Creatine kinase levels were normal or mildly elevated; electrodiagnostic studies (9/11) and muscle biopsies (11/11) were myopathic. Variants were most commonly identified in the A-band (14/32) or I-band (13/32). Most variants were predicted to be frameshift truncating, nonsense or splice-site (25/32). Seventeen patients had cardiovascular disease (14 isolated cardiovascular, three cardioskeletal) with average symptom onset of 12.9 years. Twelve had dilated cardiomyopathy (four undergoing heart transplant), two presented with ventricular fibrillation arrest, one had restrictive cardiomyopathy and two had other types of arrhythmias. Variants commonly localised to the A-band (8/15) or I-band (6/15) and were predominately frameshift truncating, nonsense or splice-site (14/15).
CONCLUSION: Our cohort demonstrates the genotype-phenotype spectrum of paediatric-onset titinopathies identified in clinical practice and highlights the risk of life-threatening cardiovascular complications. We show the difficulties of obtaining a molecular diagnosis, particularly in neuromuscular patients, and bring awareness to the complexities of genetic counselling in this population.
The invention belongs to the field of biological medicine, and in particular relates to a medicine, a preparation method and application thereof. In the invention, the active ingredients of the medicine are polymyxin B and lantoquinone; the medicine is used for inhibiting one or more of escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium or polymyxin drug-resistant bacteria. The research shows that the medicine can also play a role in multi-drug resistant escherichia coli, polymyxin drug resistant bacteria and salmonella typhimurium. Compared with single medicine, the antibacterial effect is greatly enhanced. In the invention, the extracellular vesicles from milk are used as carriers to load polymyxin B and lantoquinone, so that the bioavailability is improved and the treatment effect of the medicine is improved. And the milk-derived vesicles have rich sources, the preparation method is simple, and various drug supply requirements can be met.
AIMS: Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with functional impairment. However, the role exerted by AF on the long-term trajectories of functional mobility remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of AF on functional mobility by tracing walking speed (WS) trajectories over 15 years of follow-up in a population-based cohort of individuals aged 60+ years.
METHODS AND RESULTS: This population-based cohort study included 3141 community-dwelling participants (mean age 73.7 years; 63.6% women) from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen, who were regularly examined from 2001-2004 to 2016-2019. Functional mobility was assessed by measuring WS in a standardized way. The association between AF and WS trajectories was assessed by multivariable joint models accounting for the longitudinal dropouts due to death. Stratified analyses by demographic and clinical factors were performed. The effect-modifying role of oral anticoagulant therapy (OAC), incident heart failure (HF), and incident stroke was finally investigated. At baseline, 285 (9.1%) participants were ascertained to have AF. A faster annual WS decline was observed in persons with AF than in non-AF peers (adjusted β coefficient per year = -0.011, 95% confidence interval: -0.016 to -0.005). Incident HF and stroke were associated with greater WS decline in participants with AF. OAC use was not associated with a slower functional decline.
CONCLUSION: Atrial fibrillation is associated with a faster physical function decline in older individuals. Incident HF and stroke possibly accelerate WS decline over time in AF participants.
The purpose of this project is to determine the effect of a multimodal non-pharmacological Pain Relief Kit on the pain, functioning, patient satisfaction, and opioid consumption of individuals suffering from an acute pain episode of chronic neck and/or low back pain over a 3-week duration. A secondary purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the kit on product sales and self-reported disability compared to patients who were not offered the kit.

Study Design: A convenience sample of 30 subjects who report being treated by a health care professional for musculoskeletal pain of an acute episode of chronic neck and/or low back pain which has lasted longer than 4 weeks will be recruited. Following screening for inclusion and exclusion criteria eligible individuals will provide informed consent prior to any data collection taking place. Following providing informed consent, subjects will engage in the baseline data collection protocol. Then after completing baseline data collection all participants will receive the intervention that includes the Pain Relief Kit for 3 weeks. All participants enrolled in the project will complete data collection at 3 data collection points. Baseline data collection will take place following informed consent. The second data collection point will take place one week following baseline data collection (T1) and the third data collection point will take place 3 weeks following baseline data collection (T2). In addition, all participants will provide a daily rating of their pain and documentation of pain management interventions they engaged in from the Pain Relief Kit, over the counter (OTC) treatments \&/or treatments prescribed by a health care provider. This will result in a one group repeated measures design in which eligible participants will be provided with a Pain Relief Kit for 3 weeks.

Analysis: Repeated measures ANOVA will determine if the participants changed on any of the outcome variables over the duration of the project (p\<.05). This analysis will be repeated to determine the impact of treatment compliance rates on the outcome variables. Main or interaction effects detected by the R-ANOVA will be explored further through calculated Tukey's post hoc comparisons.
Patients with pernicious anemia should be instructed that they will require monthly injections of Vitamin B 12 for the remainder of their lives. Failure to do so will result in return of the anemia and in development of incapacitating and irreversible damage to the nerves of the spinal cord. Also, patients should be warned about the danger of taking folic acid in place of Vitamin B 12, because the former may prevent anemia but allow progression of subacute combined degeneration. 

A vegetarian diet which contains no animal products (including milk products or eggs) does not supply any Vitamin B 12. Patients following such a diet should be advised to take oral Vitamin B 12 regularly. The need for Vitamin B 12 is increased by pregnancy and lactation. Deficiency has been recognized in infants of vegetarian mothers who were breast fed, even though the mothers had no symptoms of deficiency at the time.