anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This phase 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study will enroll approximately 80 adult patients with advanced coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Approximately 80 patients will be randomized 1:1 to receive oral administration of MMPD + remdesivir or placebo + remdesivir. The first 40 patients will have a score of 3 or 4 on the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID) 8-point ordinal scale and at least one of the following: fever, cough, sore throat, malaise, headache, muscle pain, shortness of breath at rest or with exertion, confusion or symptoms of severe lower respiratory symptoms; the final 40 patients will have a score of 3 on the NIAID scale.

Study subjects will undergo screening evaluations prior to the first dose of study drug. Study drug treatment (MMPD or placebo) will continue for 10 days, unless the patient is discharged from the hospital before completing the 10-day randomized treatment period. Both treatment arms will also receive remdesivir per the Emergency Use Authorization labeling. Evaluations will be performed on Days 0-10 and every day thereafter until the subject no longer requires any form of respiratory support or they reach the last planned day of in-person study assessments and still require respiratory support. The final in-person study evaluations will be performed 4 weeks after completion of study drug (MMPD or placebo) treatment (Day 37). The final study evaluation will be a telephone call on Day 56.
BACKGROUND: Cetaceans, having experienced prolonged adaptation to aquatic environments, have undergone evolutionary changes in their respiratory systems. This process of evolution has resulted in the emergence of distinctive phenotypic traits, notably the abundance of elastic fibers and thickened alveolar walls in their lungs, which may facilitate alveolar collapse during diving. This structure helps selective exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, while minimizing nitrogen exchange, thereby reducing the risk of DCS. Nevertheless, the scientific inquiry into the mechanisms through which these unique phenotypic characteristics govern the diving behavior of marine mammals, including cetaceans, remains unresolved.
RESULTS: This study entails an evolutionary analysis of 42 genes associated with pulmonary fibrosis across 45 mammalian species. Twenty-one genes in cetaceans exhibited accelerated evolution, featuring specific amino acid substitutions in 14 of them. Primarily linked to the development of the respiratory system and lung morphological construction, these genes play a crucial role. Moreover, among marine mammals, we identified eight genes undergoing positive selection, and the evolutionary rates of three genes significantly correlated with diving depth. Specifically, the SFTPC gene exhibited convergent amino acid substitutions. Through in vitro cellular experiments, we illustrated that convergent amino acid site mutations in SFTPC contribute positively to pulmonary fibrosis in marine mammals, and the presence of this phenotype can induce deep alveolar collapse during diving, thereby reducing the risk of DCS during diving.
CONCLUSIONS: The study unveils pivotal genetic signals in cetaceans and other marine mammals, arising through evolution. These genetic signals may influence lung characteristics in marine mammals and have been linked to a reduced risk of developing DCS. Moreover, the research serves as a valuable reference for delving deeper into human diving physiology.
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of drug-resistant epilepsy. A major focus of human and animal studies on TLE network has been the limbic circuit. However, there is also evidence suggesting an active role of the basal ganglia in the propagation and control of temporal lobe seizures. Here, we characterize the involvement of the substantia nigra (SN) and somatosensory cortex (SI) during temporal lobe (TL) seizures induced by penicillin injection in the hippocampus (HPC) of two nonhuman primates. The seizure onset and offset patterns were manually classified and spectral power and coherence were calculated. We then compared the 3-second segments recorded in pre-ictal, onset, offset and post-ictal periods based on the seizure onset and offset patterns. Our results demonstrated an involvement of the SN and SI dependent on the seizure onset and offset pattern. We found that low amplitude fast activity (LAF) and high amplitude slow activity (HAS) onset patterns were associated with an increase in activity of the SN while the change in activity was limited to LAF seizures in the SI. However, the increase in HPC/SN coherence was specific to the farther-spreading LAF onset pattern. As for the role of the SN in seizure cessation, we observed that the coherence between the HPC/SN was reduced during burst suppression (BS) compared to other termination phases. Additionally, we found that this coherence returned to normal levels after the seizure ended, with no significant difference in post-ictal periods among the three types of seizure offsets. This study constitutes the first demonstration of TL seizures entraining the SN in the primate brain. Moreover, these findings provide evidence that this entrainment is dependent on the onset and offset pattern and support the hypothesis that the SN might play a role in the maintenance and termination of some specific temporal lobe seizure.
Enrolled subject will receive single escalation dose of GSK3342830. The escalating doses will be evaluated in six cohorts as A- 250 mg, B-500 mg, C-1000 mg, D-2000 mg, E-4000 mg, and F-=\<6000 mg. In each cohort 6 subjects will receive GSK3342830 in form of infusion for 1 h, therefore approximately 36 subjects will receive GSK3342830. Dose escalation will be based on evaluation of the preceding dose levels in the study.
Investigating the optimal usage time of helmet therapy is the aim of the study. Participants will be babies with deformational plagiocephaly. Plagiocephalometric assesments will be utilize to follow improvement of head symmetry. Scales asking sensational integration and severity of plagiocephaly will also be used. Time of daily usage will be follow with daily asking the caregivers how long the baby wear the helmet in a day. Participants will follow for three months. After the follow period completed, participants will be allocated two groups; avarage using 15-18 hours a day and avarage using 19-23 hours a day. Results will be compared for the two groups and correlation between the time of usage and cranial symmetry will be compare.
Ibuprofen oral suspension, 200 mg/ 5 ml is the test product. In period 1 and period 2, 15 of 30 subjects will be given single oral dose (5 ml containing 200 mg of ibuprofen) of suspension.
Estrogen receptor,ERa36, predominantly localizes on the plasma membrane and in the cytoplasm and mediates a membrane-initiated "nongenomic" signaling pathway. Membrane-initiated estrogen signaling has been linked to rapid responses to estrogen and generally activates signaling pathways like the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK/ERK), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, and protein kinase C pathways. Preclinical study demonstrated that ERa36 was expressed in tumor cells and might be the driving force of breast cancer cell proliferation. 40% of breast cancer tumors which used to be considered as ER negative also express ERa36. In the former study the investigators found that 40% of ERa66-positive breast cancer patients express high levels of ERa36 in their tumors, and this subset of patients are less likely to benefit from tamoxifen treatment compared with those with ERa66-positive/ERa36-negative tumors.

Icaritin is a newly discovered small molecule with selective ERa36 modulating capability and the potential as a very promising new drug to treat advanced breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by targeting this nongenomic pathway. Studies showed that it can inhibit the growth of cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. The investigators have completed the preclinical pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic (PK\&PD) and toxicity studies in animals and now move on to test it in a phase Ib clinical trial.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject cosmetic composition that enhances skin brightness and can maintain healthy and beautiful skin by combining one or more selected from soybean saponin, hyaluronic acid (salt), collagen and elastin. SOLUTION: This objective composition is obtained by admixing (A) soybean saponin, (B) one or more selected from hyaluronic acid, hyaluronates, collagen and elastin thereto. The component A is an active ingredient that is included in the foam formed when soybeans are boiled and can be obtained by purifying the extract from soybeans with solvent or by selectively adsorbing the saponin from the extract with a resin adsorbent. The amount of component A is preferably 0.001-2 wt.% as a soybean saponin powder (the wholly saponin content is 80-95%) in the composition. The component B distributes in skin binding tissue, particularly in a large amount in the dermis. The amount of the component B is preferably in an amount of 0.001-5 wt.% in the composition.
In the dose escalation phase, subjects will receive a single oral dose of RDEA119 on Day 1, wait 1 week, then begin a 28-day course of daily continuous dosing of RDEA119. In the expanded MTD phase, subjects will receive RDEA119 once or twice a day beginning on Day 1, and begin a 28-day course of continuous dosing at that time.
Transdermal dosage forms for antithrombotic therapy and/or cancer prophylaxis contain aspirin (acetylsalicyclic acid) and/or its salts. The dosage forms are patches, creams or ointments. Patches comprise an impermeable backing layer, an aspirin-contg. polymer matrix, a release-controlling membrane, and adhesive layer, and opt. a release liner. The aspirin content is 5-500 (esp. 30-200) mg. Permeation through the skin may be enhanced by applying an electric current or adding a penetration enhancer. USE/ADVANTAGE - Antithrombotic therapy is defined as embracing prevention of myocardial infarction and re-infarction, treatment of unstable angina, prophylaxis of thrombosis after implantation of vascular prostheses or artificial heart valves, prophylaxis of peripheral arterial thrombosis, and prophylaxis of thrombosis associated with cerebral ischaemia. Cancers to be prevented include those involving gastrointestinal (e.g. colonic) tumour formation. The aspirin is introduced directly into the blood stream in active form without being metabolised in the gastrointestinal tract. Compared with oral dosage forms, gastrointestinal side effects are reduced, dosages are reduced, risk of overdose is reduced and patient compliance is improved
The invention discloses a kidney-invigorating and stone-dissolving medicament. The invention goes deep into the topics of spleen dampness and stomach heat, and aims to distinguish heat bias from dampness bias. Stomach heat belongs to a severe symptom which causes speech dampness, earth is invigorated on the basis of eliminating water, and lithiasis in a damp and hot situation is prevented and treated on the basis of internal and external causes. A method disclosed by the invention is used for relieving the bowels to prevent stones. The bright point of the method is that: stones are dissolved by relieving the bowels and treating coldness and heat with one medicament. A result is that: an expectant treatment method is adopted, spleen earth is used for preserving and earth is taken as a kidney fluid source, so that aging is delayed. Experience is gathered by tracking patients from year 2003 to 2007. According to cases, two persons with family names of Zhang and Chen suffering from gradual body weakness are healed in a way of eliminating dampness, warming and invigorating the kidney. The kidney-invigorating and stone-dissolving medicament has the characteristics that: 1, a region ranging from the upper section of a ureter to renal calyx has a stone dissolving function; 2, dampness is eliminated without hurting yin, and bowels are relaxed without discharging fire; and 3, the ancient prescription is not used, and healthy energy is protected from being hurt.
Part 1: Participants will receive DMF standard scheme from Baseline to Week 16. Part 2: Participants achieving a PASI 75 response (responders) and participants failing to achieve a PASI 75 response but having achieved a PASI 50 response (partial responders) at Week 16 will continue with DMF treatment until Week 40. Participants failing to achieve a PASI 50 response (non-responders) at Week 16 will be treated with Tildrakizumab until Week 40.
Each dose of TA-CIN vaccine is fixed, 100µg. Patients will receive 3 doses of the TA-CIN 4 weeks apart (Weeks 1, 5, and 9), administered in the thigh. Patients will be followed for 2 years after the 1st dose is given.
Patients with significant pain despite receiving narcotics in PACU will receive a bolus dose of IV ketamine to assess its efficacy for pain score reduction. Bolus doses are given by 10mg IV increments, to reach approximate dose of 0,25mg/kg.
Data on carcinogenesis were obtained from studies conducted in dogs, monkeys and rats treated with megestrol acetate at doses below the recommended clinical dose based on body surface area. No males were used in the dog and mon‑key studies. In female beagles, megestrol acetate (0.01, 0.1 or 0.25 mg/kg/day) administered for up to 7 years induced both benign and malignant tumors of the breast at doses greater than or equal to 0.01 mg/kg/day, approximately 75 to 187 times below the maximum clinical dose. In female monkeys, no tumors were found following 10 years of treatment with 0.01, 0.1 or 0.5 mg/kg/day megestrol acetate, up to 65 times below the maximum clinical dose. Pituitary tumors were observed in female rats treated for 2 years with 3.9 or 10 mg/kg/day of megestrol acetate, approximately 6 to 17 times below the maximum clinical dose. The relationship of these tumors in rats and dogs to humans is unknown but should be considered in assess‑ing the risk-to-benefit ratio when prescribing megestrol acetate oral suspension and in surveillance of patients on therapy.

Megestrol acetate induced unscheduled DNA synthesis in primary cultures of human hepatocytes, but not in rat hepatocytes. Megestrol administered to mice increased the frequency of sister chromatid exchange and chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells after single intraperitonial doses of 16.25 and 32.50 mg/kg. 

Impaired reproductive capability was observed in male offspring born to female rats treated during gestation days 13 through 20 with oral doses greater than or equal to 3 mg/kg/day megestrol, approximately 22 times below the maximum clinical dose. Female dogs treated daily with megestrol oral capsules for 7 years experienced a complete cessation of estrus activity and ovulation at doses of 0.1, or 0.25 mg/kg/day, approximately 187 and 75 times below the maximum clinical dose, respectively.
Broadly, the investigators aimed to assess whether MBTR-R is an efficacious and safe mental health intervention for traumatized asylum seekers. Aim I: The investigators predicted that, relative to a waitlist control condition, MBTR-R will lead to improved stress-and trauma-related mental health outcomes, including lower levels and rates of posttraumatic stress, depression, anxiety, and improved subjective well-being at post-intervention and 5-week follow-up. Aim II: The investigators aimed to test, whether relative to the waitlist-control condition, MBTR-R was safe and thus not associated with participant-level clinically significant deterioration in any of the monitored primary mental health outcomes at post-intervention or at follow-up. In the event of adverse responding, the investigators planned to test whether key demographic factors or pre-existing vulnerability factors at pre-intervention that may predict participant-level deterioration or adverse responding to the intervention - so as to identify candidate contraindications for MBTR-R. Aim III: The investigators predicted that, relative to a waitlist control condition, MBTR-R will lead to changes in psycho-behavioral processes targeted by the intervention and implicated in vulnerability at pre-intervention, from pre-to-post intervention, measured in controlled behavioral and cognitive-experimental lab tasks or experience sampling measures, including measures of (a) self-compassion and self-criticism, (b) self-referential processing of fear, (c) avoidance, (d) emotional reactivity to trauma-related information and autobiographical memory, (e) impaired executive functions of trauma-related information processing in working memory. Aim IV: The investigators aimed to test whether, among the MBTR-R group, pre-to-post-intervention change and pre-intervention to follow-up change in mental health outcomes (Aim I) will be predicted or mediated by pre-to-post intervention change in the targeted psycho-behavioral processes.
The adverse effects observed in some cancer patients treated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents such as erythropoietin (EPO) might be due to the latter's well-known immunosuppressive functions. Here, we used a mouse model of syngeneic triple-negative breast cancer to explore EPO's immunomodulatory role in a tumour setting. Our results showed that EPO treatment promotes tumour growth, exacerbates the 'immune desert', and results in a 'cold tumour'. EPO treatment changed the immune cell distribution in peripheral blood, secondary lymphoid organs, and the tumour microenvironment (TME). Our in-depth analysis showed that EPO mainly impacts CD4 T cells by accelerating their activation in the spleen and thus their subsequent exhaustion in the TME. This process is accompanied by a general elevation of CD39 expression by several immune cells (notably CD4 T cells in the tumour and spleen), which promotes an immunosuppressive TME. Lastly, we identified a highly immunosuppressive CD39+ regulatory T cell population (ICOS+, CTLA4+, Ki67+) as a potential biomarker of the risk of EPO-induced tumour progression. EPO displays pleiotropic immunosuppressive functions and enhances mammary tumour progression in mice.
Early enteral nutrition using reliable biomarkers of intestinal function must be established to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs). Serum citrulline levels reflect the intestinal function in adults. To elucidate the relationship among antenatal growth, postnatal enteral nutrition, and blood citrulline levels, a retrospective single-center observational study was conducted on 248 VLBWIs born between April 2014 and March 2021. A mixed effect model and post hoc simple slope analysis were used to estimate the correlations between clinical variables and citrulline levels at Early (day 5.1) and Late (day 24.3) postnatal ages. Greater gestational age, birth weight, and amount of enteral nutrition at the time of blood sampling were associated with lower citrulline levels at the Early postnatal age and higher citrulline levels at the Late postnatal age. Provided that Early citrulline levels predominantly reflect the consequence of antenatal citrulline metabolism, it is suggested that fetal growth and maturation are likely to promote citrulline catabolism in utero and its synthesis after birth. With additional insights into the temporal transition point wherein the maturation-dependent balance of citrulline metabolism shifts from catabolism-dominant to synthesis-dominant, citrulline emerges as a potential biomarker for assessing intestinal function and gastrointestinal disorders.
Microfluidic chips have emerged as a promising tool for sorting and enriching circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood, while the efficacy and purity of CTC sorting greatly depend on chip design. Herein, a novel cascaded phase-transfer microfluidic chip was developed for high-efficiency sorting, purification, release, and detection of MCF-7 cells (as a model CTC) in blood samples. MCF-7 cells were specifically captured by EpCAM aptamer-modified magnetic beads and then introduced into the designed cascaded phase-transfer microfluidic chip that consisted of three functional regions (sorting, purification, and release zone). In the sorting zone, the MCF-7 cells moved toward the inner wall of the channel and entered the purification zone for primary separation from white blood cells; in the purification zone, the MCF-7 cells were transferred to the phosphate-buffered saline flow under the interaction of Dean forces and central magnetic force, achieving high purification of MCF-7 cells from blood samples; in the release zone, MCF-7 cells were further transferred into the nuclease solution and fixed in groove by the strong magnetic force and hydrodynamic force, and the continuously flowing nuclease solution cleaved the aptamer on the trapped MCF-7 cells, causing gentle release of MCF-7 cells for subsequent inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection or further cultivation. By measurement of the endogenous element Zn in the cells using ICP-MS for cell counting, an average cell recovery of 84% for MCF-7 cells was obtained in spiked blood samples. The developed method was applied in the analysis of real blood samples from healthy people and breast cancer patients, and CTCs were successfully detected in all tested patient samples (16/16). Additionally, the removal of the magnetic probes on the cell surface significantly improved cell viability up to 99.3%. Therefore, the developed cascaded phase-transfer microfluidic chip ICP-MS system possessed high integration for CTCs analysis with high cell viability, cell recovery, and purity, showing great advantages in early clinical cancer diagnosis.
During the 12 weeks of the internship, the control group had no structured holistic thinking course. During weeks 4-5 of the internship, after viewing case report-1, a pretest consisting of completing the holistic thinking case analysis form and the personal learning self-efficacy questionnaire was completed and a holistic thinking case analysis form - introductory version was given. Subjects will revise the holistic thinking case analysis form completed in the pretest and complete the personal learning self-efficacy questionnaire again. During weeks 6-11 of the internship, participants continue to receive clinical practice training in assessment, intervention planning, and patient intervention skills. In weeks 11-12 of the internship, subjects received the post-test, viewed the case report-2, and were given the holistic thinking case analysis form - introductory version and completed the holistic thinking case analysis form and the personal learning self-efficacy questionnaire.