anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Several methods have been suggested for determination of correct ETT placement. These include for example the marker method, the mainstem method or the formula method. However, to date, auscultation of the left and right lung is the standard of care and the only ubiquitary available method with an error rate of up to 12%. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a new non-invasive method for evaluation of left and right lung ventilation. In this study the investigators investigate the potential role of EIT for proper placement of pediatric endotracheal tubes. For this purpose, pediatric patients are routinely intubated for cardiac catheterization using the mainstem method or 3xETT size method. Placement of the ETT is then verified by intraoperative fluoroscopy and lung ventilation is verified by EIT.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a health beverage capable of being easily taken by persons, by mixing garlic with Cordyceps sinensis Sacc., wherein the garlic and the Cordyceps sinensis Sacc. have been said to be good for the health of human bodies. SOLUTION: This health beverage is obtained by mixing the aqueous extract of garlic with the extract of artificially cultured Cordyceps sinensis Sacc. Therein, the garlic is preferably odorless garlic, and the extract of the artificially cultured Cordyceps sinensis Sacc. is preferably an aqueous extract, and preferably contains alcohol. The total weight of the garlic and the artificially cultured Cordyceps sinensis Sacc. is 42-0.1% based on the water. The garlic and the artificially cultured Cordyceps sinensis Sacc. are contained in a weight ratio of 98.0%:2.0% to 10.0%:90.0%.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic, progressive inflammatory disease of the intestinal tract. The etiology of IBD is not well understood, but believed to result from a complex relationship between genetics, environment, and gut microbiome alterations, resulting in a self-perpetuating, abnormal mucosal immune response. The incidence of IBD is rising in developing and recently developed countries, highlighting the importance of environmental exposures in determining disease risk. Microplastics, defined as plastic particles \<5 mm in size, are ubiquitous pollutants with unclear implications towards human health. Emerging studies indicate substantial disruption of intestinal immune function and a proinflammatory milieu due to microplastics. Therefore, identifying, and characterizing microplastics in stool samples of individuals with CD alongside alterations in microbiome and calprotectin, which are events that occur prior to CD onset, is the initial step in exploring the impact of microplastics on IBD. Moreover, CD affects women during their reproductive years and 25% become pregnant after diagnosis. Given that maternal IBD diagnosis is one of the major risks of future IBD in offspring, it is critical to better understand if babies born to mothers with IBD have higher content of microplastics or other toxins in the stools and whether these levels correlate with those of their mothers during pregnancy.
IMPORTANCE: Postoperative thrombosis is a significant complication in pediatric cardiac surgery patients, contributing to morbidity and mortality. Identifying clinical factors associated with thrombosis can improve patient outcomes by guiding early detection and intervention.
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess factors associated with postoperative thrombosis or thromboembolism in pediatric patients under 12 months old who underwent surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD). Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective cohort study analyzed electronic medical records from pediatric patients admitted to the Pediatric Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit (PCICU) at the German Paediatric Heart Center, Bonn, between March 1, 2020, and March 1, 2021. A total of 197 children under 12 months old who underwent cardiac surgery were included in the analysis.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Thrombosis was diagnosed postoperatively using imaging modalities such as ultrasound, echocardiography, and computed tomography. The primary outcome was the incidence of thrombosis and its association with clinical factors such as age, central venous catheter (CVC) duration, CRP levels, and D-dimer levels.
RESULTS: Among 197 patients, the incidence of thrombosis was 8.63%, predominantly venous (70.6%). Initial associations were observed between thrombosis and younger age, lower body weight, higher hematocrit, cyanosis, longer central venous catheter (CVC) use, and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and d-dimer levels. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated a higher risk in patients with d-dimer levels above 5.47 mg/L. The stepwise multiregression analysis identified longer CVC duration in situ (β = 0.553; p < 0.001), higher CRP levels (β = 0.217; p = 0.022), and younger age at admission (β = -0.254; p = 0.006) as significant predictors of thrombosis. Decision tree analysis identified CVC use longer than 12.5 days and CRP levels above 118.01 mg/L as the most critical risk factors.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Postoperative thrombosis is a notable risk in pediatric CHD patients, particularly in neonates. Prolonged CVC use and elevated CRP levels are critical risk factors. Routine monitoring of D-dimer and CRP levels, along with timely sonographic screening, can aid early thrombosis detection and intervention. Further research is warranted to optimize thrombosis prevention strategies in this population.
Portal hypertension is an important factor affecting the clinical outcomes of cirrhosis patients, and its severity determines the occurrence of development of cirrhosis complications, such as rupture and bleeding of gastroesophageal varices, ascites, and hepatorenal syndrome. The direct measurement of portal pressure is an extremely invasive and high-risk procedure. In addition, changes in intra-abdominal pressure will affect the portal pressure, which leads to unreliable results. The hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) is the difference between wedged hepatic venous pressure and free hepatic venous pressure and reflects the pressure difference between the hepatic portal vein and the intra-abdominal veins. In recent years, the status of HVPG in clinical application of cirrhotic portal hypertension has gradually improved. In 2016, the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) issued a consensus on risk stratification, diagnosis, and management of portal hypertensive bleeding in cirrhosis and re-emphasized the value of HVPG in assessing the cirrhosis staging, occurrence of complications and treatment goals. However, HVPG is an invasive test and requires technical skills of the operator and specialized instruments. HVPG measurement and anesthesia can cause stress responses in the body, which in turn lead to inflammatory response and immune function suppression. Thus, the perioperative care for patients undergoing HVPG measurement is crucial. This research trial studies comprehensive patient and medical worker questionnaires in predicting complications in patients with cirrhosis undergoing HVPG measurement. Comprehensive patient and medical worker questionnaires may help identify complications, such as the need for assistance in taking medication, decreased mobility and released tension that may improve outcomes.
Leukemia stem cells (LSC) represent a crucial and rare subset of cells present in acute myeloid leukemia (AML); they play a pivotal role in the initiation, maintenance, and relapse of this disease. Targeting LSC holds great promise for preventing AML relapse and improving long-term outcomes. However the precise molecular mechanisms governing LSC self-renewal are still poorly understood. Here, we present compelling evidence that the expression of miR-30e-5p, a potential tumor-suppressive microRNA, is significantly lower in AML samples than in healthy bone marrow samples. Forced expression of miR- 30e effectively inhibits leukemogenesis, impairs LSC self-renewal, and delays leukemia progression. Mechanistically, Cyb561 acts as a direct target of miR-30e-5p in LSC, and its deficiency restricts the self-renewal of LSC by activating reactive oxygen series signaling and markedly prolongs recipients' survival. Moreover, genetic or pharmacological overexpression of miR-30e-5p or knockdown of Cyb561 suppresses the growth of human AML cells. In conclusion, our findings establish the crucial role of the miR-30e-5p/Cyb561/ROS axis in finely regulating LSC self-renewal, highlighting Cyb561 as a potential therapeutic target for LSC-directed therapies.
Approximately 25% of lifelong sun exposure is formed prior to the age of 18. A significant correlation between exposure to ultraviolet radiation in childhood and skin cancer in adulthood draws attention to the importance of sun protection behaviors to be applied in this period. School-age children are easily reachable to promote preventive health behaviors. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of nurse health education and follow up program on sun protection behaviors of children. The study as a randomized controlled group trial was implemented in February- October 2014. Purposive nonprobability sampling was used to select 25 schools in Izmir Karşıyaka district and research was conducted in two schools where attending the children coming from medium families. Risk assessment for skin cancer was performed by Fitzpatrick classification with 260 children before the study. Out of these children, 144 were found to be risky and were randomized to intervention (n = 40) and control (n = 40) groups according to their age, gender, and skin type. In the survey, the effect size was identified as 0.73 by a 5% error and 80% confidence. After obtaining the parents' and the children's written consent, data were collected through face-to-face interviews using, the instruments (stages of change, the decisional balance scale, child and parental sun protection behavior form, self-efficacy form) on sun protection based on the transtheoretical model. Turkish validity and reliability study of the scale was conducted by Aygün and Ergün (2013). The intervention group was trained about sun protection behaviors in six sessions. Each session lasted 45 minutes. Refresher training was organized on the 15th day, on 1st month 2nd month after the first session. At the beginning and at the end of the program, decisional balance and self-efficacy of children were evaluated. Data were analyzed by frequencies, regression, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, paired-samples t-test, independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Friedman's test, and Chi-square test. Written consent was taken from children and their parents, schools, and the local ethics committee.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves applying laparoscopy and draining the gallbladder. The gallbladder is treated with antiseptic solutions additionally having immobilized immozyme enzyme. Immozyme activity is equal to 150-250 units. Gallbladder exposure time is 1.5-2 h. The treatment is carried out once a day during 5-10 days. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment; accelerated alleviation of inflammation process.
Patients receive vincristine sulfate IV over 1 minute once a week on day 1 in weeks 1-3, 7-9, and 13-16; topotecan hydrochloride IV over 30 minutes on days 1-5 in weeks 1 and 13; cyclophosphamide IV over 30 minutes on days 1-5 in weeks 1 and 13 and IV over 1 hour on day 1 in weeks 7 and 16; ifosfamide IV over 1 hour and etoposide IV over 1 hour on days 1-5 in weeks 4 and 10; and doxorubicin hydrochloride IV over 15 minutes on days 1 and 2 in weeks 7 and 16. Patients also undergo local therapy comprising of conventional surgery (surgical resection) in approximately week 18 and/or radiation therapy beginning in approximately week 19. Patients then proceed to combination chemotherapy.
Ketotifen 2 mg administered in tablet form twice a day (every 12 hr). Indomethacin sustained-release (SR) 75 mg, twice a day (every 12 hr). Patients will be administered 28 doses in total of ketotifen/indomethacin combination.
PURPOSE: To obtain an amylin coagulation inhibitor useful for preventing and treating diabetes, containing, as active ingredient, a hydroquinone or quinone compound. CONSTITUTION: This amylin coagulation inhibitor contains, as active ingredient, 1-70 (pref. 5-50)wt.% of a hydroquinone or quinone compound of formula I, II or III. Using an appropriate vehicle etc., this inhibitor can be manufactured into pharmaceutical preparations in the form of an oral agent such as capsules, tablets, granul-es, powder, suspension, liquid, or syrup, an injection, suppository, or agent for external use. The hydroquinone or quinone compound has activity to inhibit amylin coagulation, therefore inhibiting cytotoxicity due to amylin coagulation and being useful for preventing and treating diabetes (esp. type II diabetes, diabetes with glucose tolerance depression, obesity, insulin-resistant diabetes).
Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: (1) Self-management and Exercise (2) Educational. Both groups received glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate supplement during the intervention. Blinding of participants was not possible due to the nature of the intervention; however, assessors were blinded to group allocation. The PLE2NO (in Portuguese Education and Exercise Free Program for osteoarthritis) is a community-based program with two components: self-management and exercise. Each session lasted 90 minutes, and the first 30 minutes corresponded to a self-management part and the remaining 60 minutes to the exercise program. The program was offered in a group format, encouraging peer interactions and socialization that can help counteract feelings of depression and isolation. The self-management program is based on the program developed at Stanford University, the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program which the purpose is developing self-efficacy based on social cognitive theory. The exercise program comprised both health related (strength, flexibility) and skill-related (agility, balance, speed and power) physical fitness components, and was based on Fit an Strong Program, on Exercise for People with Arthritis (FEPA) and also on the program Takin Control with Exercise (Arthritis Foundation). The program will last for 3 months and 6 months of follow-up.
The global population influx during the COVID-19 pandemic poses significant challenges to public health, making the prevention and control of infectious diseases a pressing concern. This paper aims to examine the impact of population influx on the spread of infectious diseases, with a specific emphasis on the mediating role of air pollution in this process. A theoretical analysis is conducted to explore the relationship between population influx, air pollution, and infectious diseases. Additionally, we establish a series of econometric models and employ various empirical tests and analytical techniques, including mediation effect test, threshold effect test, and systematic GMM test, to evaluate our hypotheses. The results indicate that: (1) Population influx directly and indirectly impacts infectious diseases. Specifically, population influx not only directly elevates the risk of infectious diseases, but also indirectly increases the incidence rate of infectious diseases by intensifying air pollution. (2) The impact of population inflow on infectious diseases exhibits regional heterogeneity. Compared to central and western China, the eastern regions exhibit a significantly higher risk of infectious diseases, exceeding the national average. (3) External factors influence the relationship between population influx and infectious diseases differently. Personal income and medical resources both help mitigate the risk of infectious diseases due to population influx, with medical resources having a more substantial effect. Contrary to expectations, abundant educational resources have not reduced the risk, instead, they have exacerbated the risk associated with population influx. This paper provides a scientific basis for formulating effective strategies for the prevention and control of infectious diseases.
Participants will switch their current antiretroviral regimen to E/C/F/TAF and receive treatment for 96 weeks. After Week 96, participants in the United States (US) who wish to participate in the open-label (OL) rollover extension will continue to take E/C/F/TAF FDC until the End of E/C/F/TAF Visit.
Topiramate can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Data from pregnancy registries indicate that infants exposed to topiramate inutero have an increased risk for cleft lip and/or cleft palate (oral clefts). When multiple species of pregnant animals received topiramate at clinically relevant doses, structural malformations, including craniofacial defects, and reduced fetal weights occurred in offspring [seeUseinSpecificPopulations(8.1)].

Consider the benefits and the risks of topiramate when administering this drug in women of childbearing potential, particularly when topiramate is considered for a condition not usually associated with permanent injury or death [seeUseinSpecificPopulations(8.9)andPatientCounselingInformation(17)]. Topiramate should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk. If this drug is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to a fetus [seeUseinSpecificPopulations(8.1)and(8.9)].
Bronchial drainage session with the Aerobika OPEP device consist of breathing through the device for 15 breaths in one cycle, and taking a few (3-5) relaxed exhalations in accordance with the forced exhalation technique. This cycle is repeated at least three times. The maximum number of cycles is five considering the need. The size of the applied expiratory resistance is selected individually. The pressure is 5 - 20 cm H2O and the oscillation frequency is up to about 15 Hz. Duration of the session: 10 - 20 min. Duration of the program: 4 days. Frequency: twice a day.
Fatigue is a common early and chronic adverse effect of radiation but its correlates and prevalence are poorly understood. Over 40% of cancer patients receive radiation therapy during the management of their disease. While external beam intensity modulated radiation therapy (EBRT/IMRT) successfully increases disease-free survival rates and life expectancy, ionizing radiation leads to increased treatment-related adverse effects including fatigue. Multidimensional causes and mechanisms of cancer-related fatigue remain unclear, and early biomarkers prognostic for radiation-induced fatigue have not been identified.

There is evidence that an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation will cause cellular damage resulting in dysfunction to mitochondria. ROS are considered one of the major direct causes of ionizing radiation-induced damage, resulting in a number of adverse effects (e.g. fatigue, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, peripheral neuropathy, and cognitive function impairment) that reduce the efficacy of treatment. Mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in all clinical conditions including fatigue which are associated with the deficient energy metabolism of oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria are vulnerable to ROS which are generated endogenously (e.g. mitochondrial superoxide) and exogenously (e.g. ionizing radiation, inflammation). Once mitochondrial proteins are damaged, the affinity of substrates or enzymes is decreased resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction including reduced ATP production, increased ROS generation, and initiated apoptosis signaling. While mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in a variety of clinical fatigue states, the physiological pathways and pathophysiological mechanisms are complicated and remain unclear.

The primary purpose of this study is to explore the relationships between mitochondrial dysfunction and fatigue in prostate cancer patients receiving EBRT. Specific aims include: (1) identify mitochondrial-related gene expression profile changes over time; (2) quantify the severity of perceived fatigue before, during and at the end of radiation therapy; (3) determine possible pathways and early biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction related to fatigue in patients with prostate cancer receiving EBR. Blood samples and self-administrated questionnaires are collected at baseline, midpoint and the end of EBRT. Human mitochondrial PCR array will be utilized to identify differential regulation of genes involved in mitochondrial dysfunction at the different time points compared with gene expression from the baseline samples.
The invention relates to a method for efficiently expressing ORF2 gene of goose astrovirus soluble capsid protein and application thereof, belonging to the field of biological products for livestock. The invention divides the ORF2 gene of goose astrovirus into two segments to express according to the difference of gene sequence function, and the expression products are capsid protein capsid precursor (cap for short) and spike protein capsid spike (spike for short). The two proteins, which are divided according to the functional region, can be expressed using E.coli, baculovirus and CHO expression systems. The capsid precorsor expression protein and the capsid spike expression protein of the goose astrovirus are obtained by a purification method. The expressed capsid protein (capsid precusor) and spike protein (capsid spike) protein can be used for preparing goose astrovirus subunit vaccine and yolk antibody. The subunit vaccine and the yolk antibody prepared by the invention have good immune effect and treatment effect, can be applied to preventing diseases caused by goose astrovirus, and have the advantages of low production cost, simple operation and good biological safety.
Historical non-transplant controls collected from 14 US academic centers. Centers will provide data on all consecutive patients with PMF, post-ET MF, or post-PV MF referred to their institutions between 2000 and 2012.
Progress towards universal health coverage is monitored by the incidence of catastrophic spending. Two catastrophic spending indicators are commonly used in Europe: Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) indicator 3.8.2 and the WHO Regional Office for Europe (WHO/Europe) indicator. The use of different indicators can cause confusion, especially if they produce contradictory results and policy implications. We use harmonised household budget survey data from 27 European Union countries covering 505,217 households and estimate the risk of catastrophic spending, conditional on household characteristics and the design of medicines co-payments. We calculate the predicted probability of catastrophic spending for particular households, which we call LISAs, under combinations of medicines co-payment policies and compare predictions across the two indicators. Using the WHO/Europe indicator, any combination of two or more protective policies (i.e. low fixed co-payments instead of percentage co-payments, exemptions for low-income households and income-related caps on co-payments) is associated with a statistically significant lower risk of catastrophic spending. Using the SDG indicator, confidence intervals for every combination of protective policies overlap with those for no protective policies. Although out-of-pocket medicines spending is a strong predictor of catastrophic spending using both indicators, the WHO/Europe indicator is more sensitive to medicines co-payment policies than the SDG indicator, making it a better indicator to monitor health system equity and progress towards UHC in Europe.