anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Ependymal cells form a specialized brain-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) interface and regulate local CSF microcirculation. It is becoming increasingly recognized that ependymal cells assume a reactive state in response to aging and disease, including conditions involving hypoxia, hydrocephalus, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation. Yet what transcriptional signatures govern these reactive states and whether this reactivity shares any similarities with classical descriptions of glial reactivity (i.e., in astrocytes) remain largely unexplored. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we interrogated this phenomenon by directly comparing the reactive ependymal cell transcriptome to the reactive astrocyte transcriptome using a well-established model of autoimmune-mediated neuroinflammation (MOG35-55 EAE). In doing so, we unveiled core glial reactivity-associated genes that defined the reactive ependymal cell and astrocyte response to MOG35-55 EAE. Interestingly, known reactive astrocyte genes from other CNS injury/disease contexts were also up-regulated by MOG35-55 EAE ependymal cells, suggesting that this state may be conserved in response to a variety of pathologies. We were also able to recapitulate features of the reactive ependymal cell state acutely using a classic neuroinflammatory cocktail (IFNγ/LPS) both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, by comparing reactive ependymal cells and astrocytes, we identified a conserved signature underlying glial reactivity that was present in several neuroinflammatory contexts. Future work will explore the mechanisms driving ependymal reactivity and assess downstream functional consequences.
The present invention relates to a cosmetic container having a guide-type cosmetic discharging plate. The cosmetic discharging plate is arranged on an upper side of a cosmetic impregnation member including a cosmetic material. The cosmetic discharging plate is guided to move up and down. The cosmetic container includes: a cosmetic containing case; the cosmetic discharging plate which is arranged on an upper side of the cosmetic material and has a cosmetic discharging hole through which the cosmetic material is discharged. A guide groove is arranged on either an inner circumferential wall of the cosmetic container case and a side of the cosmetic discharging plate; and a protrusion is arranged on the other. The guide protrusion is guided to the guide groove to assist vertical movement of the cosmetic material discharging plate.
Early signs of overdosage are abdominal discomfort, salivation, flushing of the skin ("hot feeling"), sweating, nausea, and vomiting. 

Atropine Sulfate is a specific antidote. The recommended dose for adults is 0.6 mg. Repeat doses can be given every two hours, according to clinical response. The recommended dosage in infants and children up to 12 years of age is 0.01 mg/kg (to a maximum single dose of 0.4 mg) repeated every two hours as needed until the desired effect is obtained or adverse effects of atropine preclude further usage. Subcutaneous injection of atropine is preferred except in emergencies when the intravenous route may be employed. 

The oral LD50 of bethanechol chloride is 1510 mg/kg in the mouse.
The invention belongs to the technical field of heterocyclic compounds and in particular relates to a hexatomic compound with a non-hydrogenated hexatomic heterocycle, two nitrogen heterocyclic atoms The invention belongs to the technical field of heterocyclic compounds and in particular relates to a hexatomic compound with a non-hydrogenated hexatomic heterocycle, two nitrogen heterocyclic atomsand a condensed benzene ring. The invention provides a diaryl pyrimidyl guanidine compound of a general formula I. The process comprises the following steps that: firstly, a reactant of isoflavone isand a condensed benzene ring. The invention provides a diaryl pyrimidyl guanidine compound of a general formula I. The process comprises the following steps that: firstly, a reactant of isoflavone isadded into a solvent; secondly, a base catalyst and a biguanide compound are added into the solvent to undergo a chemical reaction with the reactant to obtain a mixture of the hexatomic compound and madded into a solvent; secondly, a base catalyst and a biguanide compound are added into the solvent to undergo a chemical reaction with the reactant to obtain a mixture of the hexatomic compound and materials not participating in the reaction; and finally, the mixture is subjected to recrystallization and column chromatography to purify the hexatomic compound to obtain a pure product of the hexatoaterials not participating in the reaction; and finally, the mixture is subjected to recrystallization and column chromatography to purify the hexatomic compound to obtain a pure product of the hexatomic compound. The invention also provides a drug and a composition for treating tumor diseases, which contain an effective amount of the synthesized compound and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers omic compound. The invention also provides a drug and a composition for treating tumor diseases, which contain an effective amount of the synthesized compound and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers of the synthesized compound; and the invention also provides the use of the synthesized compound in the preparation of anti-tumer disease drugs.f the synthesized compound; and the invention also provides the use of the synthesized compound in the preparation of anti-tumer disease drugs.
A composite chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite microsphere -based material used for bone-grafting and delivery of therapeutic agents. The composite material may be produced using co-precipitation methods. The composite material may be used to form scaffolds with significantly greater surface area and surface roughness than scaffolds composed of only chitosan. Composite scaffolds exhibit less swelling and greater toughness and flexibility than scaffolds fabricated by other techniques. Composite scaffolds also exhibit greater osteoblast proliferation. Composite scaffolds also may contain therapeutic agents or medicaments, and may be lyophilized.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves administering 5-aminosalicylic acid as one of preparation (Salophalc, Mezacol, Salozinal) at a dose of 0.5-1.0 g 2-4 times a day from the first to the tenth therapy course day. Peroral and rectal administration of 5- aminosalicylic acid and peroral administration of a dietetic complex additive at a dose of 0.9-1.8 g 2-3 times a day are combined from the eleventh to the thirtieth day. The dietetic additive only is administered at the last 10 days of the treatment course at the same therapeutic dose. EFFECT: eliminated energy deficiency and inflammation in the intestine; enhanced effectiveness of treatment course. 3 cl
Patients will first receive a placebodrink before performing the 31P MRS exercise protocol. After 1-2 weeks, subjects will cross-over and repeat the 31P MRS exercise protocol, this time after receiving the supplemental drink containing a ketone ester.
Hematologic: Ganciclovir should not be administered if the absolute neutrophil count is less than 500 cells/µL or the platelet count is less than 25,000 cells/µL. Granulocytopenia (neutropenia), anemia and thrombocytopenia have been observed in patients treated with ganciclovir. The frequency and severity of these events vary widely in different patient populations (see ADVERSE EVENTS).

Ganciclovir should, therefore, be used with caution in patients with pre-existing cytopenias or with a history of cytopenic reactions to other drugs, chemicals or irradiation. Granulocytopenia usually occurs during the first or second week of treatment but may occur at any time during treatment. Cell counts usually begin to recover within 3 to 7 days of discontinuing drug.

Impairment of Fertility: Animal data indicate that administration of ganciclovir causes inhibition of spermatogenesis and subsequent infertility. These effects were reversible at lower doses and irreversible at higher doses (see PRECAUTIONS: Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis and Impairment of Fertility). Although data in humans have not been obtained regarding this effect, it is considered probable that ganciclovir at the recommended doses causes temporary or permanent inhibition of spermatogenesis. Animal data also indicate that suppression of fertility in females may occur.

Teratogenesis: Because of the mutagenic and teratogenic potential of ganciclovir, women of childbearing potential should be advised to use effective contraception during treatment. Similarly, men should be advised to practice barrier contraception during and for at least 90 days following treatment with ganciclovir (see Pregnancy; Teratogenic Effects: Category C).
Dose-escalation study is designed to determine the dose-limiting toxicity (DLTs) and recommended phase II dose (RP2D). Dose-expansion study is designed to evaluate the antitumor activity of CT-707 in combination with toripalimab and gemcitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
BACKGROUND: The WASH benefits Bangladesh trial multi-component sanitation intervention reduced diarrheal disease among children < 5 years. Intervention components included latrine upgrades, child feces management tools, and behavioral promotion. It remains unclear which components most impacted diarrhea.
METHODS: We conducted mediation analysis within a subset of households (n = 720) from the sanitation and control arms. Potential mediators were categorized into indicators of latrine quality, latrine use practices, and feces management practices. We estimated average causal mediation effects (ACME) as prevalence differences (PD), defined as the intervention's effect on diarrhea through its effect on the mediator.
RESULTS: The intervention improved all indicators compared to controls. We found significant mediation through multiple latrine use and feces management practice indicators. The strongest mediators during monsoon seasons were reduced open defecation among children aged < 3 and 3-8 years, and increased disposal of child feces into latrines. The strongest mediators during dry seasons were access to a flush/pour-flush latrine, reduced open defecation among children aged 3-8 years, and increased disposal of child feces into latrines. Individual mediation effects were small (PD = 0.5-2 percentage points) compared to the overall intervention effect but collectively describe significant mediation pathways.
DISCUSSION: The effect of the WASH Benefits Bangladesh sanitation intervention on diarrheal disease was mediated through improved child feces management and reduced child open defecation. Although the intervention significantly improved latrine quality, relatively high latrine quality at baseline may have limited benefits from additional improvements. Targeting safe child feces management may increase the health benefits of rural sanitation interventions.
An osmotic device for delivering a beneficial drug, such as an anti-fungal, into the mouth of a human patient is disclosed. The device has a size and shape adapting it to be comfortably retained in the mouth for extended periods of time. The device comprises a wall surrounding a compartment housing a layer of an agent that is insoluble to very soluble in aqueous biological fluid, e.g., saliva, and a layer of a fluid swellable, hydrophilic polymer. A passageway in the wall connects the agent with the exterior of the device. The wall is permeable to the passage of aqueous biological fluid but substantially impermeable to the passage of the hydrophilic polymer. In one embodiment the beneficial agent has a different color than the hydrophilic polymer. The wall is sufficiently translucent to permit the patient to see the amount of drug/beneficial agent remaining to be delivered. Marking lines may be provided on the wall indicating the amount of drug/agent which has been delivered and/or the amount remaining to be delivered.
Patients in this group will be administered aflibercept intravitreal injection 2 mg (0.05 mL), administered at baseline, month 1, and month 2, for a total of 3 injections. Study will end for these patients at month 4, where no injection will be given. A clinical exam and OCT imaging will be performed each visit.
The gut microbiota has acquired significant attention in recent years for its potential as a diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC). In this literature review, we looked at the studies exploring alterations in gut microbiota composition associated with CRC, the potential mechanisms linking gut dysbiosis to CRC development, and the diagnostic approaches utilizing gut microbiota analysis. Our research has led to the conclusion that individuals with CRC often display alterations in their gut microbiota composition compared to healthy individuals. These alterations can include changes in the diversity, abundance, and type of bacteria present in the gut. While the use of gut microbiota as a diagnostic biomarker for CRC holds promise, further research is needed to validate its effectiveness and standardize testing protocols. Additionally, considerations such as variability in the microbiota composition among individuals and potential factors must be addressed before microbiota-based tests can be widely implemented in clinical practice.
Lemnaceae taxonomy is challenged by the particular morphology of these tiny free-floating angiosperms. Although molecular taxonomy has helped clarify the phylogenetic history of this family, some inconsistency with morphological data leads to frequent misclassifications in the genus Lemna. Recently, the finding that Lemna japonica is an interspecific hybrid between Lemna minor and Lemna turionifera provided a clear explanation for one such taxonomic question. Here we demonstrated that L. minor is also capable of hybridizing with Lemna gibba, generating a cryptic but widespread taxon in the Mediterranean area. The nothotaxon Lemna ×mediterranea is described and compared with clones of the putative parental species L. minor and L. gibba. Genetic analysis by nuclear and plastid markers, as well as genome size measurement, revealed that two different cytotypes, diploid and triploid, originated by at least two independent hybridization events. Despite high overall similarity, morphometrical, physiological, and biochemical analyses showed an intermediate position of L. ×mediterranea between its parental species in most qualitative and quantitative characters, and also separation of the two hybrid cytotypes by some criteria. These data provide evidence that hybridization and polyploidization, driving forces of terrestrial plant evolution, contribute to duckweed genetic diversity and may have shaped the phylogenetic history of these mainly asexual, aquatic plants.
In a pharmacokinetic interaction study in healthy volunteers with a concomitantly administered combination oral contraceptive product containing 1 mg norethindrone (NET) plus 35 mcg ethinyl estradiol (EE), topiramate given in the absence of other medications at doses of 50 to 200 mg/day was not associated with statistically significant changes in mean exposure (AUC) to either component of the oral contraceptive. In another study, exposure to EE was statistically significantly decreased at doses of 200, 400, and 800 mg/day (18%, 21%, and 30%, respectively) when given as adjunctive therapy in patients taking valproic acid. In both studies, topiramate (50 mg/day to 800 mg/day) did not significantly affect exposure to NET. Although there was a dose dependent decrease in EE exposure for doses between 200 to 800 mg/day, there was no significant dose dependent change in EE exposure for doses of 50 to 200 mg/day. The clinical significance of the changes observed is not known. The possibility of decreased contraceptive efficacy and increased breakthrough bleeding should be considered in patients taking combination oral contraceptive products with topiramate. Patients taking estrogen containing contraceptives should be asked to report any change in their bleeding patterns. Contraceptive efficacy can be decreased even in the absence of breakthrough bleeding.
The safety and efficacy of adapalene and benzoyl peroxide gel applied once daily for the treatment of acne vulgaris were assessed in two 12-week, multicenter, controlled clinical studies of similar design, comparing adapalene and benzoyl peroxide gel to the gel vehicle in acne subjects. 

Treatment response was defined as the percent of subjects who had a two grade improvement and rated ‘Clear’ and ‘Almost Clear’ at Week 12 based on the Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) and mean absolute change from baseline at Week 12 in both inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesion counts. An IGA score of 'Clear' corresponded to residual hyperpigmentation and erythema may be present. An IGA score of ‘Almost Clear’ corresponded to a few scattered comedones and a few small papules.

In Study 1, 517 subjects were randomized to adapalene and benzoyl peroxide gel, adapalene 0.1% in vehicle gel, benzoyl peroxide 2.5% in vehicle gel, or vehicle gel. The median age of these 517 subjects was 15 years old and 60% were males. At baseline subjects had between 20 to 50 inflammatory lesions and 30 to 100 non-inflammatory lesions. The majority of subjects had a baseline IGA score of ‘Moderate’ which corresponded to more than half of the face is involved, many comedones, papules and pustules. The efficacy results at week 12 are presented in Table 3.

In Study 2, 1668 subjects were randomized to adapalene and benzoyl peroxide gel, adapalene 0.1% in vehicle gel, benzoyl peroxide 2.5% in vehicle gel, or vehicle gel. The median age of subjects was 16 years old and 49% were males. At baseline subjects had between 20 to 50 inflammatory lesions and 30 to 100 non-inflammatory lesions as well as an Investigator Global Assessment score of ‘Moderate’. The efficacy results at week 12 are presented in Table 3.

In Study 3, 285 pediatric subjects 9 to 11 years of age were randomized to adapalene and benzoyl peroxide gel or vehicle gel. The median age of subjects was 11 years and 24% were males. At baseline, subjects had a minimum of 20 but not more than 100 total lesions (inflammatory and/or non-inflammatory) with an Investigator Global Assessment score of 'Moderate'. The efficacy results at week 12 are presented in Table 3.

In both Studies 1 and 2 the treatment effect was smaller in subjects with a small number of baseline lesions than in subjects with a large number of baseline lesions.

* - That is, a mean percent increase of 13.2%
INTRODUCTION: Experimental hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is best reproduced in the rat common bile duct ligation (CBDL) model. Vildagliptin (Vild) is an anti-hyperglycemic drug that exerts beneficial anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-fibrotic effects. Therefore, the present search aimed to explore the possible effectiveness of Vild in CBDL-induced HPS model.
METHODS: Four groups of male Wistar rats which weigh 220-270 g were used, including the normal control group, the sham control group, the CBDL group and CBDL+Vild group. The first three groups received i.p. saline, while the last group was treated with i.p. Vild (10 mg/kg/day) from the 15th to 28th day of the experiment.
RESULTS: CBDL decreased the survivability and body weight of rats, increased diameter of the pulmonary vessels, and altered the arterial blood gases and the liver function parameters. Additionally, it increased the pulmonary expressions of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA as well as endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) proteins. The CBDL rats also exhibited elevation of the pulmonary interleukin-6 (IL-6), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) and nitric oxide (NO) levels along with reduction of the pulmonary total anti-oxidant capacity and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels. Vild mitigated these alterations and improved the histopathological abnormalities caused by CBDL.
CONCLUSION: Vild effectively attenuated CBDL-induced HPS through its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects along with its modulatory effects on ET-1/NOS/NO and TNF-α/IL-6/VEGF-A signaling implicated in the regulation of intrapulmonary vasodilatation and angiogenesis, respectively.
A 27-year-old woman with jaundice and abdominal pain was admitted to an emergency ward. The diagnostic process showed that gallstones were causing her symptoms. The patient was treated via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), and during the procedure she suffered a cardiac arrest. Autopsy findings included multiple pulmonary bile emboli as well as features of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Among 22 thus far described cases of bile pulmonary embolism, 13 were associated with medical procedures involving the liver and biliary tract. We present the case report of a pulmonary bile embolism associated with acute pancreatitis treated via ERCP in a woman with gallbladder bile stones.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an emergent next-generation biotechnology with broad application potential. In particular, immunomodulatory bioactivity of EVs leading to anti-inflammatory effects is well-characterized. Cell source and culture conditions are critical determinants of EV therapeutic efficacy, while augmenting EV anti-inflammatory bioactivity via diverse strategies, including RNA cargo loading and protein surface display, has proven effective. Yet, translational challenges remain. Additionally, the potential of direct antimicrobial EV functionality has only recently emerged but offers the possibility of overcoming drug-resistant bacterial and fungal infections through novel, multifactorial mechanisms. As discussed herein, these application areas are brought together by the potential for synergistic benefit from technological developments related to EV cargo loading and biomanufacturing.
Force-sensing insoles are wearable technology that offer an innovative way to measure loading outside of laboratory settings. Few studies, however, have utilized insoles to measure daily loading in real-world settings. This is an ancillary study of a randomized controlled trial examining the effect of weight loss alone, weight loss plus weighted vest, or weight loss plus resistance training on bone health in older adults. The purpose of this ancillary study was to determine the feasibility of using force-sensing insoles to collect daily limb loading metrics, including peak force, impulse, and loading rate. Forty-four participants completed a baseline visit of three, 2-minute walking trials while wearing force-sensing insoles. During month two of the intervention, 37 participants wore insoles for 4 days for 8 waking hours each day. At 6-month follow-up, participants completed three, two-minute walking trials and a satisfaction questionnaire. Criteria for success in feasibility was defined as: a) > 60 % recruitment rate; b) > 80 % adherence rate; c) > 75 % of usable data, and d) > 75 % participant satisfaction. A 77.3 % recruitment rate was achieved, with 44 participants enrolled. Participants wore their insoles an average of 7.4 hours per day, and insoles recorded an average of 5.5 hours per day. Peak force, impulse, and loading rate collected at baseline and follow-up were 100 % usable. During the real-world settings, 87.8 % of data was deemed usable with an average of 1200 min/participant. Lastly, average satisfaction was 80.5 %. These results suggest that force-sensing insoles appears to be feasible to capture real-world limb loading in older adults.