anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Esmethadone (dextromethadone; d-methadone; S-methadone (+)-methadone; REL-1017) is a low potency N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor channel blocker that showed a rapid and sustained adjunctive antidepressant effects in patients with major depressive disorder with inadequate response to ongoing serotonergic antidepressant treatment. Previous studies indicated that esmethadone is partially excreted by the kidney (53.9% of the dose) and by the liver (39.1% of the dose).
METHODS: Here we studied the pharmacokinetics and safety of esmethadone after a single oral dose of 25 mg in subjects with different stages of kidney and liver impairment.
RESULTS: In subjects with a mild and moderate decrease in glomerular fraction rate (GFR), esmethadone Cmax and AUC0-inf values did not differ compared with healthy subjects. In patients with severe renal impairment, the ratios of Cmax and AUC0-inf values compared with healthy subjects were above 100% (138.22-176.85%) and, while modest, these increases reached statistical significance. In subjects with end stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing intermittent hemodialysis (IHD), Cmax and AUC0-inf values were not statistically different compared with healthy subjects. IHD did not modified plasma total esmethadone concentrations in blood exiting versus entering the dialyzer. Dose adjustment is not warranted in subjects with mild-to-moderate impaired renal function. Dose reduction may be considered for select patients with severe renal disfunction. In subjects with mild-or-moderate hepatic impairment, Cmax and AUC0-inf were approximately 20-30% lower compared with healthy controls. The drug free fraction increased with the severity of hepatic impairment, from 5.4% in healthy controls to 8.3% in subjects with moderate hepatic impairment.
CONCLUSION: Mild and moderate hepatic impairment has a minimal to modest impact on exposure to total or unbound esmethadone and dose adjustments are not warranted in subjects with mild and moderate hepatic impairment. Administration of esmethadone was well tolerated in healthy adult subjects, in subjects with mild or moderate hepatic impairment, and in subjects with mild moderate or severe renal impairment, including patients with ESRF undergoing dialysis.
Participants in the control group are not provided with information about exposure therapy. Instead, participants listen to a newspaper article which reports on the daily work in a botanical garden. Together with the experimenter, participants are then asked to name the most interesting aspect in the article. Before the practice trails, participants have to rate how likely it is that they would further inform themselves about botanical gardens on an 11-point scale (0= not likely, 10 = very likely). After the practice trails, participants are provided with some further questions about the newspaper article (e.g. "Did you find the newspaper article interesting?"). This cognitive exercise does not cover any pain-related topics and, therefore, does not serve as a distraction instruction.
During post-operative hospitalization, patients will receive routine treatment and keep Intracranial Hypotension Targeted (IHT) Body Posture as long as possible, with the maximum to 14 to 18 hours daily.Body Posture education for patients after discharge, which is keeping IHT Body Posture when on bed rest and sleeping within 3 months as long as possible and recording time every day.Specifically, IHT therapy requires CSDH patients to raise their lower limbs 30° higher over the horizontal level of their head. All leg-lift pads were customized from the same manufacturer and provided to participants by the research group. For patients with unilateral CSDH, the head should be tilted towards the hematoma affected side and opposite side lying should be avoided as much as possible. For patients with bilateral CSDH, there is no need for the head lateralization. To avoid food reflux and aspiration pneumonia, IHT therapy was strictly prohibited within 2 hours after each meal.
WBT will be used as the only non-pharmacological therapeutic strategy and 8 sessions will be delivered every other week with a duration of 60 minutes each. The manualized WBT will be used (Fava, 2016). Thus, the initial phase will be concerned with self-observation of psychological well-being. Once the instances of well-being will be properly recognized, the patient will be encouraged to identify thoughts, beliefs, and behaviors leading to premature interruption of well-being (intermediate phase). The final part will involve cognitive restructuring of dysfunctional dimensions of psychological well-being and meeting the challenge that optimal experiences may entail.
Patients will meet with the pharmacist to be equipped with a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitor (ABPM). Patients will return the monitor for the pharmacists to download the results to send to their medical provider.
The Myovolt device used in our previous study will be used for focal vibration delivery during week three to six. Participants will wear Myovolt secured by an elastic band, at a location based on therapist and participants preference. During the four weeks of the FV therapy, participants will be asked to use the Myovolt device for up to 0.5-hour per session (each site 10 minutes per session, with one-minute intersession between sites), once in the morning and once in the evening each day, for five days a week. The dosing paradigm was chosen based on the safety and potential effectiveness of the FV therapy, and our preliminary study.
Persons with central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction often have difficulty incorporating their affected limb effectively and efficiently into functional tasks due to muscle weakness and/or spasticity. This may further interfere with their performance of everyday activities and restrict life roles. Traditional rehabilitation interventions emphasize spasticity reduction. However, active movement and muscle strength of forearm supination are found strongly related to motor function, rather than spasticity. In contrast, task-oriented movement training trials have demonstrated promising evidence that persons with CNS dysfunction benefit from the training in improvement of motor function and increase functional use of the affected limb.

Orthotic intervention is one therapeutic option for this population. Most orthotic designs for this population are static, developed for sympton reduction or deformity prevention, and aimed at the wrist and hand. However, its effects on spasticity reduction remain controversial. Given that static orthotics may interfere with functional performance and further develop the learned nonuse of the affected limb, a dynamic or mobilization orthosis would be appropriate for enhancing functional performance. Moreover, an orthosis that assists forearm rotation is speculated to enhance functional performance. This study will examine the efficacy of a forearm rotation orthosis combined with the occupational therapy task-oriented approach on functional performance for persons with a hemiparetic arm.
The present invention provides antibodies against glycosylated proBNP and NT-proBNP. The antibodies are suitable for precise immunodetection of both of the proteins in human blood. The glycosylated forms of proBNP and NT-proBNP may be utilized as an antigen for antibody generation as well as a calibrator or immunological standard in different types of immunoassays. The invention thus also relates to a stable standard or calibrator pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (proBNP) preparation for use in a method for detecting BNP immunoreactivity in a sample, the preparation comprising glycosylated proBNP or a fragment thereof. In addition, the present invention is directed to an assay for precisely detecting the NT-proBNP circulating in a patient's blood, wherein the level of glycosylation of the proBNP molecule is exploited. Therapeutic applications are also contemplated.
FIELD: food, medicinal, pharmaceutical industry. SUBSTANCE: method involves the use of herring roe or industrial waste of bivalve clam as raw. Method involves raw milling, extraction of total lipids with organic solvents, separation of nonlipid impurities by extract washing off and phospholipid precipitation. Extraction of lipids were carried out with a mixture chloroform/ethanol, separation of nonlipid impurities is carried out by extract washing with 0.5-0.7% calcium chloride aqueous solution. Then impurities were precipitated by total lipid dissolving in hexane at ratio (1: 5)-(1: 6), solution is stirred, settled and impurity deposit is removed by centrifugation. Hexane solution is evaporated, dry phospholipid residue is purified from impurities by its redissolving in chloroform and phospholipids were precipitated with acetone at ratio of chloroform extract and acetone = (1: 6)-(1: 8). Then the prepared solution is settled, filtered, deposit is washed off with acetone and dried. Dry residue is dissolved in chloroform and phospholipids were purified again by chromatography on column with alumina using elution with a mixture hexane-ether-acetic acid at ratio = 35: 15:1 and phosphatidylethanolamine is isolated by elution with chloroform-ethanol at ratio 1:1 and then with chloroform-ethanol-concentrated aqueous ammonia at ratio = 1:1.5:0.14 and then phosphatidylcholine is eluted with a mixture chloroform-ethanol-concentrated ammonia at ratio = 1:1.5:0.28. EFFECT: improved method of phospholipid preparing.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled drug preparation exhibiting rapid concentration increase in blood, and having high AUC and improved bioavailability, by combining a composition of hydrogenated ergot-alkaloid and a water-soluble polymer gel and/or a base soluble in the stomach with a composition of the alkaloid and an enteric base. CONSTITUTION:The objective drug preparation is a combination of (A) a composition composed of hydrogenated ergot-alkaloid and a water-soluble polymer gel (e.g. hydroxypropyl cellulose) and/or a base soluble in the stomach (e.g. polyvinyl acetal diethylaminoacetate) and (B) a composition composed of the alkaloid and an enteric base (e.g. hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose phthalate). The principal drug component in the composition A is released quickly in the stomack, and the drug in the composition B is retained in the stomach and released in the intestines. A long-acting drug preparation exhibiting rapid concentration increase in blood, and having high AUC (area under the curve of blood concentration vs. time) and excellent bioavailability can be obtained by the combination of both compositions.
Patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma who have failed initial curative chemotherapy attempts will be evaluated at the time of relapse for tumor debulking surgery prior to the initiation of salvage chemotherapy. If appropriate, samples will be collected for tumor lysate preparation for vaccination as per the existing Loyola protocol. Lysates may also be produced by the collection of malignant effusions as performed for palliation of symptoms. Patients will then receive palliative chemotherapy to a maximum tumor cytoreduction. Patients from whom sufficient tumor cells have been collected for DC-based vaccine production will undergo a leukapheresis for DC cell production. Once completed, these patients will receive a DC vaccination with 1 x 106 tumor lysate and KLH-loaded immature DCs into inguinal nodes identified by ultrasound guidance for a total of three injections at two week intervals; or for those who are HLA-A2 restricted with pharmaceutical grade MUC1 and WT1 tumor peptides.
PURPOSE:An external preparation composition showing improved antibacterial action on pathogenic bacteria causing infectious dermatitis, containing ratanhia extract and/or ratanhiaphenol as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:Ratanhia extract is obtained by powder Ratanhia belonging to the family Leguminosae and extracting the powder with a solvent such as water, ethanol, etc. One or more of the extract and ratanhiaphenol obtained from it are used and 0.00005-5w/w%, especially 0.005-2w/w% ratanhia or ratanhiaphenol is added to other components to give an external preparation composition. In applying the composition to the affected part, the composition is dissolved or dispersed or blended with a proper solvent and, if necessary, an emulsifying agent, etc., to give a drug. Further this drug may be blended with another antibacterial substance. EFFECT:Since a plant extract having high safety is used as an active ingredient and the titled composition has effects at low concentration, it has high safety.
Mesalamine has been associated with an acute intolerance syndrome that may be difficult to distinguish from an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. Exacerbation of the symptoms of colitis has been reported in 2.3% of mesalamine-treated patients in controlled clinical trials. This acute reaction, characterized by cramping, abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, and occasionally by fever, headache, malaise, pruritus, rash, and conjunctivitis, has been reported after the initiation of mesalamine delayed-release tablets as well as other mesalamine products. Symptoms usually abate when mesalamine delayed-release tablets are discontinued. Monitor patients for worsening of these symptoms while on treatment. If acute intolerance syndrome is suspected, promptly discontinue treatment with mesalamine delayed-release tablets.
Neurostimulation of a mixed nerve comprising a plurality of nerve fibre types. An implantable electrode array comprising a plurality of electrodes is positioned proximal to the mixed nerve. An electrical stimulus is delivered from at least one nominal stimulus electrode of the implantable electrode array, in accordance with a set of stimulus parameters. A recording of the electrophysiological response evoked by the electrical stimulus is obtained from at least one nominal recording electrode of the implantable electrode array. The recording is analysed by assessing one or more selected characteristics of the recording, and from the observed selected characteristics a level of recruitment of one or more fibre types recruited by the electrical stimulus is identified. The stimulus parameters are refined in a manner to effect selective recruitment of one or more fibre types relative to other fibre types of the mixed nerve.
This group of patients was chosen at random. They are patients who receive the full PST as intervention, that is, they receive a Smartphone with the AFAM-Health application with all the contents of the PST and data plan for 1 year.
AIMS: Although programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) typically serves as a target for immunotherapies, a few recent studies have found that PD-1 is expressed in the nervous system and that neuronal PD-1 might play a crucial role in regulating neuronal excitability. However, whether brain-localized PD-1 is involved in seizures and epileptogenesis is still unknown and worthy of in-depth exploration.
METHODS: The existence of PD-1 in human neurons was confirmed by immunohistochemistry, and PD-1 expression levels were measured by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Chemoconvulsants, pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and cyclothiazide (CTZ), were applied for the establishment of in vivo (rodents) and in vitro (primary hippocampal neurons) models of seizure, respectively. SHR-1210 (a PD-1 monoclonal antibody) and sodium stibogluconate (SSG, a validated inhibitor of SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-1 [SHP-1]) were administrated to investigate the impact of PD-1 pathway blockade on epileptic behaviors of rodents and epileptiform discharges of neurons. A miRNA strategy was applied to determine the impact of PD-1 knockdown on neuronal excitability. The electrical activities and sodium channel function of neurons were determined by whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. The interaction between PD-1 and α-6 subunit of human voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav1.6) was validated by performing co-immunostaining and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) experiments.
RESULTS: Our results reveal that PD-1 protein and mRNA levels were upregulated in lesion cores compared with perifocal tissues of surgically resected specimens from patients with intractable epilepsy. Furthermore, we show that anti-PD-1 treatment has anti-seizure effects both in vivo and in vitro. Then, we reveal that PD-1 blockade can alter the electrophysiological properties of sodium channels. Moreover, we reveal that PD-1 acts together with downstream SHP-1 to regulate sodium channel function and hence neuronal excitability. Further investigation suggests that there is a direct interaction between neuronal PD-1 and Nav1.6.
CONCLUSION: Our study reveals that neuronal PD-1 plays an important role in epilepsy and that anti-PD-1 treatment protects against seizures by suppressing sodium channel function, identifying anti-PD-1 treatment as a novel therapeutic strategy for epilepsy.
One of the conditions that prevent the preterm baby from being close to the mother in the early period is cesarean delivery and subsequent removal to the NICU. In the first hour of life, the process immediately after birth, when the newborn is alert, makes eye contact, focuses, finds the unaided mother's breast and begins to feed, deteriorates in babies in need of intensive care and mothers begin the experience of parenting with delayed attachment. The mother experiences high levels of stress due to changes in many parental roles such as being physically separated from her baby, not being able to breastfeed effectively, not being able to care for her baby and the intensive care environment, and experiencing a delay in lactation with the effect of cesarean delivery. In the literature, many interventions have been implemented to reduce the negative effects of mother-infant separation on lactation and attachment in mothers who have given birth by cesarean section. However, there is no published research examining the effect of infant odor and visual stimulus program applied to mothers who had delivered by cesarean section and whose babies were taken to the NICU on cortical and breast oxygenation (rSO2), amount of breast milk and mother-infant bonding. In addition, being able to assess how the mother's cortical and breast oxygenation changes while smelling her baby's scent and watching her/his video will further strengthen the results of the measurement tools.
Dynamic MRI acquisition will be performed at two different time points with 10 patients (intended for a radiation treatment of their thoracic or upper abdominal tumours) under non-invasive mechanically-assisted ventilation with a respirator. Different modes will be compared (spontaneous, physiologic, shallow, slow and jet ventilation).
The study is a single-center, open-label clinical trial in mechanically ventilated participants with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. The primary aim is to assess changes in intrapulmonary shunt (primary study outcome) to inhaled nitric oxide in participants with severe obesity and those with normal body weight. The secondary aims are to determine differences in regional lung perfusion (measured by electrical impedance tomography), right ventricular pressure (measured by transthoracic echocardiography), and biomarkers of nitric oxide signaling dysfunction (nitric oxide activity, pro-inflammatory cytokines, endothelial glycocalyx fragments)

The primary study intervention involves inhaled nitric oxide at 20 ppm for 15 minutes. The investigators will compare inhaled nitric oxide response in participants with severe obesity (defined by body mass index greater than or equal to 40) to participants with normal body weight (defined by body mass index 18.5-24.9). 40 participants with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure will be enrolled (20 with severe obesity and 20 with normal body weight). The investigators will enroll a separate cohort of mechanically ventilated participants who do not have acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (10 with severe obesity and 10 with normal body weight). In this cohort, investigators will collect additional blood at a single time point to compare levels of nitric oxide signaling pathways between patients with and without acute hypoxemia across body weight.
This is a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial to determine the efficacy and safety of a Chinese herbal medicine (Shenlingcao oral liquid) for treating long COVID associated fatigue. Our target population is adults (18-65 years old) with a COVID-19 infection history and have moderate to severe fatigue symptom at least 4 weeks after infection. The total sample size is 152. All participants will be randomly attributed to treatment group or placebo group in 1:1 ratio. The treatment duration is 4-week, and the follow-up period is also 4 weeks. Shenlingcao oral solution has been registered and marketed in mainland China, it is a safe product and pervious studies suggested it has anti-fatigue function. The primary efficacy outcome is the change of scores of Chalder fatigue scale (0-33 points) after 4-week treatment. The primary safety outcome is the number of adverse events. This study will be conducted in Hong Kong Baptist University Mr. \& Mrs. Chan Hon Yin Chinese Medicine Specialty Clinic and Good Clinical Practice Centre.
Human influenza is a serious disease causing over 30,000 deaths in the United States each year, and avian influenza presents a threat of a future pandemic. Despite this burden of current and potential disease, there are no parenteral treatments for influenza, and currently, the most common treatment (oseltamivir) is expensive and complex to manufacture.

The primary purpose of this protocol is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of intravenous peramivir, a neuraminidase inhibitor. Beginning with a low single-dose, the safety and tolerability is established by evaluating symptoms, clinical laboratory tests, ECG, and pharmacokinetics. Utilizing a series of stopping rules and a medical monitor, the dose will be escalated as safety and tolerability are established. Once the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is established in the first part of this trial (either limited by adverse effects or up to maximum anticipated dose), the safety and tolerability of multi-dose administration will begin (replicating anticipated clinical use). These cohorts will be evaluated using similar criteria. The dose used in the multi-dose cohorts will also be escalated as safety and tolerability are established.
BACKGROUND: The pain sensation in a transperineal prostate biopsy was obvious. This study explored the clinical value of ultrasound-guided full-needle path anesthesia in transperineal prostate biopsy.
METHODS: Two hundred patients who underwent ultrasound-guided transperineal prostate biopsy at our department were randomly divided into 2 groups. The control group received routine local infiltration anesthesia, and the experimental group received ultrasound-guided full-needle path anesthesia. Immediately after biopsy, visual analog scoring was used to evaluate pain during the biopsy process. Seven days postbiopsy, telephone follow-up revealed symptoms, such as hematuria and discomfort during urination. The measured data were expressed as x ± s. The 2 groups were compared using the t test, and the differences were statistically significant (P < .05).
RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, or prostate volume between the 2 groups, and all patients underwent prostate biopsy. The pain score of visual analog score was (2.55 ± 0.88), urination discomfort was (1.86 ± 0.67) days and hematuria time was (2.87 ± 0.91) days in the experimental group after biopsy. In the control group, the pain score of visual analog scale was (4.32 ± 0.94), the urination discomfort was (2.3 ± 0.77) days, and the hematuria time was (2.85 ± 0.83) days. Pain scores and urination discomfort were compared between the 2 groups (P < .01). Pain and urination discomfort associated with prostate biopsy in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group.
CONCLUSION: Ultrasound-guided full needle path anesthesia can alleviate pain sensation in patients undergoing transperineal prostate biopsy and has high clinical value.