anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Deposition of monosodium urate and calcium pyrophosphate (MSU and CPP) micro-crystals is responsible for painful and recurrent inflammation flares in gout and chondrocalcinosis. In these pathologies, the inflammatory reactions are due to the activation of macrophages responsible for releasing various cytokines including IL-1β. The maturation of IL-1β is mediated by the multiprotein NLRP3 inflammasome. Here, we find that activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by crystals and concomitant production of IL-1β depend on cell volume regulation via activation of the osmo-sensitive LRRC8 anion channels. Both pharmacological inhibition and genetic silencing of LRRC8 abolish NLRP3 inflammasome activation by crystals in vitro and in mouse models of crystal-induced inflammation. Activation of LRRC8 upon MSU/CPP crystal exposure induces ATP release, P2Y receptor activation and intracellular calcium increase necessary for NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β maturation. We identify a function of the LRRC8 osmo-sensitive anion channels with pathophysiological relevance in the context of joint crystal-induced inflammation.
BACKGROUND: Cognitive frailty is a dual geriatric syndrome that is preventable with lifestyle changes. Lifestyle changes are influenced by literacy level. However, the association between limited health literacy (HL) and cognitive frailty (CF) is yet to be discovered.
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to determine the association between HL and CF among older adults.
METHODS: Data was collected between April 2021 to March 2022 in this cross-sectional study. Citizens aged 60 years and older who can understand Malay and English were selected through purposive sampling from the AGELESS Trial screening sample frame. HLS-M-Q18 was administered to determine HL and CDR, and Fried's Criteria were used to assess the CF status.
RESULTS: A total of 757 participants were included in the analysis. 68.2% of the total participants had a limited HL level. The prevalence of CF among older adults with limited HL was 48.2% as compared to those with adequate HL (28.2%) (p < 0.001). Based on the HLS-M-Q18 index scores, the robust group had a higher HL index score than those in the CF group: 36.1 (SD = 10.5) and 33.4 (SD = 8.6), respectively, p < 0.05. In binary logistic regression, limited HL, increasing age, lower income, lower education level and rural locality were associated with the increase of CF occurrence. Older adults with limited HL have 2.6 times higher odds of having CF.
CONCLUSION: Approximately two-thirds of multiethnic older adults in the study had limited HL, with those with limited HL has 2.6 times higher odds of having CF. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing HL to improve their health outcomes and well-being.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 80-90% of malignant tumors in the kidney and has the highest mortality rate among genitourinary tumors. Imaging examinations play an important role in the diagnosis, preoperative assessment, selection of surgical methods, and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy in RCC. However, traditional imaging primarily reflects the morphological and functional changes of the tumor and cannot reflect the internal heterogeneity. In the current era of precision medicine, radiomics can provide internal features of lesions that cannot be observed by the naked eye, enabling precise diagnosis, prognosis prediction, efficacy evaluation, and personalized treatment planning for tumors. Renal cell carcinoma is highly elusive, with over 30% of patients already experiencing metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis, and it is insensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of renal tumors are important prognostic factors that affect patient survival and treatment. Given the different treatment approaches, preoperative differentiation of lesion nature holds significant clinical significance. However, there is some overlap in the morphological and pathological features between benign and malignant lesions of the kidney, making it difficult to differentially diagnose such tumors using existing imaging techniques alone. Therefore, the accurate diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma, especially for small renal tumors (≤4cm), remains a significant challenge. In recent years, the relationship between body composition, such as obesity, and renal tumors has received increasing attention. Previous studies have shown a close association between obesity and kidney cancer. Common indicators such as body weight, BMI, and waist circumference fail to effectively reflect body composition, including various fat and muscle distributions and relative amounts. Different body compositions have different physiological functions and varying impacts on tumors. Further specific research on the true role of various body compositions, including adipose tissue, in tumor pathology would aid in clinical diagnosis and subsequent treatment planning.
228,940. Sabalitschka, T. Feb. 8, 1924, [Convention date]. Medicines for internal use.-Medicines are prepared by adsorbing therapeutically active substances b means of adsorbents of different electrical polarity from that of the substance adsorbed. Amphoteric adsorbents may be employed and the adsorption may be influenced by qualitative and quantitative adjustment of the hydrogen ion concentration of the solutions employed. Preparations may be made which give up the active constituent only under certain conditions such as in the alkaline intestinal fluid. In an example, arsenious acid dissolved in very dilute hydrochloric acid is adsorbed by electrically neutral blood charcoal or aluminium hydroxide gel. The charged adsorbent is collected on a suction filter and dried at 20-30‹ C., and may be mixed with a small quantity of tartaric acid. Other examples relate to the adsorption of iodine from an acidified aqueous alcoholic solution, and the adsorption of morphine from an aqueous alcoholic solution containing potassium hydroxide by means of neutral blood charcoal or acidoid sugar charcoal. Other adsorbents specified are silica, bolus, iron oxide, kaolin, talc, and diatomaceous earth. The body to be adsorbed mav be formed or mixed with other basic or acid substances.
INTRODUCTION: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a major cause of long-term disability. Urethral discharge syndrome (UDS), abnormal vaginal discharge (AVD) and genital ulcer disease (GUD) are very common in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), where, due to lack of resources, these infections are managed according to a syndromic approach. Although microbiological diagnosis using nuclear acid amplification tests (NAAT) is already a standard to prescribe targeted treatments in industrialised countries, no randomised clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate clinical usefulness and acceptability of NAAT in comparison with syndromic approach in LMICs. The results of this study could inform diagnostic guidelines since they may suggest an update of the current recommendation if microbiological diagnosis using NAAT in the management of STD is demonstrated to be both useful and acceptable in an LMIC context.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The primary objective of this randomised, open-label trial is to evaluate the clinical usefulness of a NAAT and its acceptability in comparison with a clinical syndromic approach and to explore whether this test could replace the syndromic approach in the management of STDs at a national referral hospital in Uganda. 220 patients presenting to the STD clinic at Mulago Hospital in Kampala, Uganda with AVD, UDS or GUD will be randomised to either standard of care (syndromic management) or NAAT-based treatment with a 1:1 ratio. All the patients will be asked to return after 2 or 3 weeks for a control visit. Primary outcome will be therapeutic appropriateness.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This trial was approved by the Mulago Hospital Research and Ethical Committee (MHREC2023-97) and the Uganda National Council for Science and Technology (HS31000ES). Patients will give informed consent to participate before taking part in the study. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals in open-access formats and data made available in anonymised form.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05994495.
FIELD: medicine, ophthalmology. SUBSTANCE: lens is impregnated with ester of polyatomic aliphatic alcohol and fatty acid or contains its on the surface. Fragment formed by aliphatic alcohol has at least one hydroxyl-group. Ester is taken at amount necessary and sufficient for prevention or attenuation of bacterial toxins release when lens is subjected for these toxins action. Lens shows the most adaptation degree for soft contact lens based on hydrogel and advantage for elimination and prophylaxis and protection of keratitis. EFFECT: enhanced quality and effectiveness of lens.
Patients in this group will undergo ultrasound-guided block using a linear or convex ultrasound probe in the supine position before intrathecal bupivacaine. The block procedure will involve the use of a local anesthetic solution (10-20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine and 2 mg dexamethasone) and a 22 Gauche 80 mm block needle. Subsequently, intrathecal drug will be administered at the L3-L4 intervertebral level with 10-15 mg of bupivacaine while the patient is in a sitting position.
ISOPLATE SOLUTION - Platelet Additive Solution [PAS-F] is an isotonic solution designed to replace a proportion of the plasma used in the storage of Platelet Pheresis, Leukocytes Reduced PAS products collected using a hyperconcentrated collection on Terumo BCT's Trima Accel system.

The solution is sterile, nonpyrogenic and contains no bacteriostatic or antimicrobial agents.

The formulas of the active ingredients are provided in Table 1.

Each 100 mL of ISOPLATE SOLUTION contains: Sodium Chloride USP 0.53 g; Sodium Gluconate USP 0.5 g; Sodium Acetate Trihydrate USP 0.37 g; Potassium Chloride USP 0.037 g; Magnesium Chloride Hexahydrate USP 0.03 g; Dibasic Sodium Phosphate Dihydrate USP 0.008 g; Monobasic Potassium Phosphate NF 0.00082 g; in Water for Injection USP.

pH may be adjusted with glacial Acetic Acid USP or Sodium Hydroxide NF pH: 7.4 (7.0-7.8).

Concentration of Electrolytes (mEq/liter): Sodium 141; Potassium 5; Magnesium 3; Chloride 98; Phosphate (HPO=4 ) 1 (0.5 mmole P/liter); Acetate (CH3COO–) 27; Gluconate (HOCH2(CHOH)4COO–) 23.

The polyolefin bag is not made with natural rubber latex or PVC. Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) is present only in sterile dock tube.

The bag is made from a multilayered film. It contains materials that have been tested to demonstrate the suitability of the container for storing pharmaceutical solutions. The solution contact layer is an elasticized polyolefin. The bag is nontoxic and biologically inert. The bag-solution unit is a closed system and is not dependent upon entry of external air during administration. The bag is overwrapped to provide protection from the physical environment and to provide an additional moisture barrier when necessary.
PURPOSE:To improve the file processing efficiency for an inventory control by performing the on-line replacement and the batch replacement independently to each other together with the optional correction processing. CONSTITUTION:The file control is performed in both the on-line use and the batch use, and the medicines are stored in medicine warehouses and drugstores to receive the inventory control independently to each other. An on-line/batch discrimination part 15 discriminates whether the stock control information is supplied by an on-line or batch method and informs the result of discrimination to a file replacement processing part 18. A warehouse/drugstore discrimination part 16 discriminates whether the stock information is supplied from a medicine warehouse or a drugstore and informs the result of discrimination to the part 18. A processing type discrimination part 17 discriminates the types of stock control processing such as the registration, deletion, alteration, etc. and starts the desired function of the part 18. Then the part 18 replaces a stock master file 12 based on the information given from those parts 15-17.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To detect an antibody against a recombined protein in humor by decomposing a cell, collecting a refracted body containing recombined proteins and dissolving the refracted body with a denaturing agent, protecting the sulfhydryl group, and then transforming a cationic amino group into an anionic carboxylic acid. SOLUTION: An insoluble recombined protein is discharged using an enzyme or a chemical means for dissolving the host cell protein of a strong outer cell wall film or decomposing it under pH or ion strength conditions. The enzyme and chemicals being employed accelerate dissolution of various polymer structure cells, e.g. host cell wall, film and nuclear protein. Subsequently, the host protein is cleaned with a solution containing a detergent and a weal denaturing agent thus removing the host protein from aggregation of recombined protein. In order to take out encapsulated solution, three-dimensional structure of denaturing agent or a target recombined protein is unfolded to expose the free sulfhydryl group to the side effect of air oxidation. In order to avoid it, is bonded variably or inevitable to sulfhydryl group.
Although intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasm (IOPN) was considered distinct from the intraductal papillary neoplasm of the pancreas, the oncocytic histologic type remained as a subtype of intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct (IPNBs) with gastric, intestinal, and pancreatobiliary types based on the fifth edition of the WHO classification. To test the characteristics of the oncocytic type of IPNBs, the histopathologic, immunohistochemical (Hep Par-1 and CD117), and clinical characteristics of 13 oncocytic type were compared with 114 others (15 gastric, 39 pancreatobiliary, and 60 intestinal) IPNB types. The oncocytic type, which occupied about 9% of IPNBs, was more frequent in females (p < 0.05) and larger (mean, 5.3 vs. 3.6 cm; p < 0.002) than other IPNB types. Immunohistochemically, the oncocytic type had more frequent combined Hep Par-1 and CD117 expression than other IPNB types (all p < 0.05). The recurrence-free survival rate for patients with the oncocytic type (5-year survival, 100%) was significantly higher (p = 0.015) than for those with other histologic types (59.9%). The oncocytic type had distinct histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and survival outcomes from other IPNBs. Therefore, it can be separated from other IPNB types and classified as one independent entity, similar to IOPN of the pancreas.
The invention relates to the field of pharmacy and concerns novel pharmaceutical compositions for peroral delivery of phyto-nutrients. The pharmaceutical composition comprises at least one phyto-nutrient from the following series: epigallocatechin-3-gallate, diindolylmethane, genestein, resveratrol, curcumine, and a solubilizer - a polyvinylcaprolactam/polyvinylacetate/polyethyleneglycol graft copolymer with an average molecular mass of 90000-140000 g/mol at a mass ratio of at least one phyto-nutrient and solubilizer of 1/5 to 1/1. Furthermore, the composition can additionally comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The method for producing the above-mentioned pharmaceutical composition according to the first alternative consists in that the solubilizer is dissolved in an organic solvent, at least one phyto-nutrient is dissolved in the same organic solvent, the resulting solutions are mixed and the solvent is distilled off in vacuo, wherein, according to the invention, after the solutions are mixed, the resulting mixture is heated to 45-50̊C with constant stirring and, after distillation, the product is dried in vacuo. Ethanol, or acetone, or isopropanol can be used as the organic solvent. The method for producing the above-mentioned pharmaceutical composition according to the second alternative consists in the dry mixing of the powders of the solubilizer and of at least one phyto-nutrient. The resulting compositions are stable and have high bioavailability.
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) is the leading cause of irreversible myocardial damage. A pivotal pathogenic factor is ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced cardiomyocyte ferroptosis, marked by iron overload and lipid peroxidation. However, the impact of lipid droplet (LD) changes on I/R-induced cardiomyocyte ferroptosis is unclear. In this study, an aggregation-induced emission probe, TPABTBP is developed that is used for imaging dynamic changes in LD during myocardial I/R-induced ferroptosis. TPABTBP exhibits excellent LD-specificity, superior capability for monitoring lipophagy, and remarkable photostability. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and super-resolution fluorescence imaging demonstrate that the TPABTBP is specifically localized to the phospholipid monolayer membrane of LDs. Imaging LDs in cardiomyocytes and myocardial tissue in model mice with MIRI reveals that the LD accumulation level increase in the early reperfusion stage (0-9 h) but decrease in the late reperfusion stage (>24 h) via lipophagy. The inhibition of LD breakdown significantly reduces the lipid peroxidation level in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that chloroquine (CQ), an FDA-approved autophagy modulator, can inhibit ferroptosis, thereby attenuating MIRI in mice. This study describes the dynamic changes in LD during myocardial ischemia injury and suggests a potential therapeutic target for early MIRI intervention.
Cutaneous ciliated cysts are rare benign lesions most commonly seen in the lower extremities of young female patients. There is still ongoing debate about the origin of these cysts, with the most common theories being Mullerian heterotopia and eccrine gland metaplasia. To further increase the data pool, we present 2 new cutaneous ciliated cyst cases and gathered data about all 67 cases of literature. We want to highlight that immunohistochemistry and demographic information may play a key role in distinguishing between the 2 possible origins of this cyst, namely estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and carcinoembryonic antigen immunohistochemistry. Estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor nuclear positivity is proof of Mullerian origin, but when they are negative with a positive carcinoembryonic antigen, the most likely origin is eccrine gland metaplasia. We advocate using the terms "Cutaneous Mullerian Cyst" and "Ciliated Cutaneous Eccrine Cyst" instead of "Cutaneous Ciliated Cyst" to accurately indicate their distinct origins.
The uptake of HIV and STI testing among gay and bisexual men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in the rural southern US is low. However, HIV and STI testing is a fundamental gateway to preventive services, such as PrEP, and treatment provision. Thus, the research team must identify methods to increase the uptake of HIV and STI testing among this population that experiences disproportionate HIV and STI incidence. The research team has developed an app, Combine, that is an adaptation of HealthMindr, an app that has demonstrated efficacy in increasing the uptake of HIV testing among urban GBMSM. Combine was adapted using input from GBMSM in rural areas to address issues specific to this population such as increased experiences of stigma and reduced access to culturally competent care. The investigator proposes to conduct a Type 2 Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of Combine to increase uptake of HIV and STI testing over 24 months of follow-up and to examine the effect of different implementation strategies among GBMSM in the rural South. Combine will include components for self-administered risk assessments, developing and supporting a plan for frequent HIV and STI testing, information about PrEP, and PrEP and HIV/STI testing provider locators. Previous trials of app-based HIV prevention have included the ability to order free HIV and STI self-test kits. However, there is no consensus among health officials around whether at-home self-tests are an optimal solution for increasing HIV and STI testing. Additionally, despite the availability of free HIV and STI self-test kits in previous studies, large proportions of men still do not complete HIV tests, and even fewer complete STI tests. Thus, the investigator will evaluate the effect of two different intervention components on HIV and STI uptake in a 2x2 factorial trial design: availability of HIV and STI self-test kits ordered through the app and a motivational interview designed to enhance the existing app content, increased self-efficacy to develop and follow through with a testing plan, and develop strategies to deal with experiences of stigma.

The investigator will assess the main effects of the availability of HIV and STI self-test kits and the motivational interview on HIV and STI testing uptake, PrEP initiation, and intervention maintenance over 24 months of follow-up. The investigator's community-based partner, Engaging Arkansas Communities, will work with the research team through all stages of the project to ensure that the team is obtaining the necessary data to inform future implementation.
Translational Research in Maternal and Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics (PAR-20-299) supports research to "enhance the usage of existing drugs or drug repurposing for safer and more effective treatment for pregnant women" for "the early and conceptual stages of these projects. The primary objective of this proposal is to conduct an early Phase 2 clinical trial to determine the acceptability, dosing, tolerability and safety of mirtazapine for severe nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (sNVP) that is not adequately responsive to current standard treatments. This plan mirrors clinical practice since commonly prescribed antiemetic/ antinauseant drugs will be tested for efficacy before treating with mirtazapine.

Mirtazapine is a promising drug to repurpose for sNVP. It has potent anti-emetic properties and is available as an oral disintegrating formulation. It is used off-label to treat NV during cancer chemotherapy, prevent post-surgical nausea and vomiting and for gastroparesis. It is marketed as the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor antidepressant Remeron®. Mirtazapine has multiple receptor effects beyond those involved in reducing depressive symptoms. In cancer and chemotherapy patients, it produces rapid resolution of nausea and vomiting by blocking physiologic inputs that coordinate emesis. It is hypothesized that repurposing mirtazapine for obstetric use overcomes the challenges of traditional pathways to develop new agents because its pharmacokinetics, safety and dosing have been established for general populations of patients and exposure data are available because it is prescribed to pregnant persons with depression.
A randomised crossover design shall be implemented, whereby all participants complete 4 trials separated by a minimum of 3 days. On all visits participants shall consume a standardised mixed-macronutrient breakfast meal, followed 180 minutes later by consumption of a standard lunch meal. The timing of additional protein supplementation shall vary by trial, with participants consuming a shake containing 20g whey protein isolate either as a preload (15 minutes prior to breakfast), alongside the breakfast meal, or 15 minutes following breakfast consumption. A control trial shall also be completed without additional protein supplementation. At all supplementation time points participants shall consume either a flavoured whey protein shake or a flavoured water isovolumetric beverage ensuring that they remain blinded to the condition. Venous and capillary blood samples and visual analogue scales (for determination of subjective appetite sensations) shall be taken at regular intervals following both meals while the participant is rested.