anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a severe and multifactorial psychiatric condition. Evidence has shown that environmental factors, such as stress, significantly explain MDD pathophysiology. Studies have hypothesized that changes in histone methylation patterns are involved in impaired glutamatergic signaling. Based on this scenario, this study aims to investigate histone 3 involvement in depression susceptibility or resilience in MDD pathophysiology by investigating cellular and molecular parameters related to i) glutamatergic neurotransmission, ii) astrocytic functioning, and iii) neurogenesis. For this, we subjected male Wistar rats to the Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress (CUMS) model of depression. We propose that by evaluating the sucrose consumption, open field, and object recognition test performance from animals submitted to CUMS, it is possible to predict with high specificity rats with susceptibility to depressive-like phenotype and resilient to the depressive-like phenotype. We also demonstrated, for the first time, that patterns of H3K4me3, H3K9me3, H3K27me3, and H3K36me3 trimethylation are strictly associated with the resilient or susceptible to depressive-like phenotype in a brain-region-specific manner. Additionally, susceptible animals have reduced DCx and GFAP and resilient animals present increase of AQP-4 immunoreactivity. Together, these results provide evidence that H3 trimethylations are related to the development of the resilient or susceptible to depressive-like phenotype, contributing to further advances in the pathophysiology of MDD and the discovery of mechanisms behind resilience.
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a disease characterized by heterogeneously progressive loss of islet β cell insulin secretion usually occurring after the presence of insulin resistance (IR) and it is one component of metabolic syndrome (MS), and we named it metabolic dysfunction syndrome (MDS). The pathogenesis of T2D is not fully understood, with IR and β cell dysfunction playing central roles in its pathophysiology. Dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, along with other metabolic disorders, results in IR and/or islet β cell dysfunction via some shared pathways, such as inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), oxidative stress, and ectopic lipid deposition. There is currently no cure for T2D, but it can be prevented or in remission by lifestyle intervention and/or some medication. If prevention fails, holistic and personalized management should be taken as soon as possible through timely detection and diagnosis, considering target organ protection, comorbidities, treatment goals, and other factors in reality. T2D is often accompanied by other components of MDS, such as preobesity/obesity, metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease, dyslipidemia, which usually occurs before it, and they are considered as the upstream diseases of T2D. It is more appropriate to call "diabetic complications" as "MDS-related target organ damage (TOD)", since their development involves not only hyperglycemia but also other metabolic disorders of MDS, promoting an up-to-date management philosophy. In this review, we aim to summarize the underlying mechanism, screening, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of T2D, especially regarding the personalized selection of hypoglycemic agents and holistic management based on the concept of "MDS-related TOD".
CLLM1 is a phase 3 multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lenalidomide administered as maintenance treatment to subjects with CLL who have responded to first-line therapy (induction) achieving a response of at least PR and are at high risk of early progression. This study will compare the efficacy of lenalidomide maintenance treatment versus placebo at prolonging progression free survival (PFS); and as secondary endpoints assess overall survival, the safety of lenalidomide treatment and evaluate Minimal residual disease (MRD) kinetics in peripheral blood whilst subjects are on maintenance.

Although maintenance therapy has been established in recent years for the treatment of a subset of subjects with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL), it is a novel concept in the management of CLL. It is not regularly used and only a limited number of small studies have been conducted evaluating consolidation/maintenance therapy for limited periods of time with alemtuzumab or rituximab. Based on the limited amount of available data, it appears that maintenance therapy may improve the quality of remission in CLL subjects and prolong progression-free survival (PFS). A large phase 3 trial investigating lenalidomide as maintenance following response to second line therapy is ongoing. However, a large well-controlled study has not been conducted to investigate the beneficial effect of maintenance therapy following front line therapy; specifically in subjects with aggressive disease. This phase 3 study will evaluate whether lenalidomide maintenance therapy will prolong PFS in CLL subjects with a high risk of early progression following first line treatment.
Clarithromycin is rapidly and well-absorbed with dose-linear kinetics, low protein binding, and a high volume of distribution. Plasma half-life ranged from 1 to 6 hours and was species dependent. High tissue concentrations were achieved, but negligible accumulation was observed. Fecal clearance predominated. Hepatotoxicity occurred in all species tested (i.e., in rats and monkeys at doses 2 times greater than and in dogs at doses comparable to the maximum human daily dose, based on mg/m 2 ). Renal tubular degeneration (calculated on a mg/m 2 basis) occurred in rats at doses 2 times, in monkeys at doses 8 times, and in dogs at doses 12 times greater than the maximum human daily dose. Testicular atrophy (on a mg/m 2 basis) occurred in rats at doses 7 times, in dogs at doses 3 times, and in monkeys at doses 8 times greater than the maximum human daily dose. Corneal opacity (on a mg/m 2 basis) occurred in dogs at doses 12 times and in monkeys at doses 8 times greater than the maximum human daily dose. Lymphoid depletion (on a mg/m 2 basis) occurred in dogs at doses 3 times greater than and in monkeys at doses 2 times greater than the maximum human daily dose. These adverse events were absent during clinical trials.
Capsules:

2.5 mg: White to off-white colored powder filled in hard gelatin capsules with pale green opaque colored cap imprinted ‘RDY’ with black ink and pale green opaque colored body imprinted ‘2.5 mg’ with black ink. Free from physical defects. 

5 mg: White to off-white colored powder filled in hard gelatin capsules with opaque white colored cap imprinted ‘RDY’ with black ink and opaque white colored body imprinted ‘5 mg’ with black ink. Free from physical defects. 

10 mg: White to off-white colored powder filled in hard gelatin capsules with yellow opaque colored cap imprinted ‘RDY’with black ink and yellow opaque colored body imprinted ‘10 mg’ with black ink. Free from physical defects. 

15 mg: White to off-white colored powder filled in hard gelatin capsules with blue opaque colored cap imprinted ‘RDY’ with black ink and blue opaque colored body imprinted ‘15 mg’ with black ink. Free from physical defects. 

20 mg: White to off-white colored powder filled in hard gelatin capsules with yellow opaque colored cap imprinted ‘RDY’ with black ink and blue opaque colored body imprinted ‘20 mg’ with black ink. Free from physical defects. 

25 mg: White to off-white colored powder filled in hard gelatin capsules with opaque white colored cap imprinted ‘RDY’ with black ink and opaque white colored body imprinted ‘25 mg’ with black ink. Free from physical defects.
The control group will be given a single dose of 1.5 g rice flour in capsule form (250 mg / capsule). The gelatine capsules (MyProtein, Northwich, UK) used are identical to those used in the treatment group. Capsules are prepared by the investigatory team using good hygiene practice in the research kitchen of the School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation (University of Birmingham).
Acetylcysteine Solution, USP is available in rubber stoppered glass vials containing 4, or 30 mL. The 20% solution may be diluted to a lesser concentration with either Sodium Chloride for Injection, Sodium Chloride for Inhalation, Sterile Water for Injection, or Sterile Water for Inhalation.

Acetylcysteine is sterile, not for injection and can be used for inhalation (mucolytic agent) or oral administration (acetaminophin antidote). It is available as follows:

Acetylcysteine 20% solution (200 mg acetylcysteine per mL). Sterile, not for injection.

STORAGE:

Store at 20°-25°C (68°-77°F); excursions permitted to 15°-30°C (59°-86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Store in refrigerator 2° - 8°C (36° - 46°F) after opening.

Acetylcysteine does not contain an antimicrobial agent, and care must be taken to minimize contamination of the sterile solution. Dilutions of acetylcysteine should be used freshly prepared and utilized within one hour. If only a portion of the solution in a vial is used, store the remaining undiluted portion in a refrigerator and use within 96 hours.
Limited research has explored the relationship between overactive bladder (OAB) and cardiovascular health (CVH). We aim to examine the correlation between OAB and CVH in American adults, utilizing the Life's Essential 8 (LE8). We included 70,190 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey spanning from 2005 to 2018. In our study, the independent variable is LE8 score, where higher scores denote better CVH. The dependent variable is the presence of OAB. We employed multivariable logistic regression along with restricted cubic splines to evaluate the association between LE8 and OAB. Additionally, we performed interaction analyzes on subgroups to validate the findings. There is a significant negative correlation between LE8 scores and OAB. Upon adjusting for all covariates, a 10-point increase in LE8 total score correlated with a 17% decrease in the odds of OAB [0.83 (95% CI 0.78, 0.89)]. Compared to participants with lower LE8 scores, those with higher LE8 scores had a 46% lower probability of developing OAB. Consistent results were also observed in the association between scores of four health behaviors and four health factors and OAB. Furthermore, a notable interaction was observed between LE8 scores and smoking status. This study showed a significant negative correlation between LE8 scores and OAB prevalence.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently deodorize a bad smell of a food, bad breath, body odor or the like even if used at a low concentration and obtain a safe deodorant by including a fruit juice of Japanese persimmon, its solid material or a fruit extract of Japanese persimmon and an water-soluble extract of green tea as active ingredients. SOLUTION: This deodorant is composed by including a fruit juice of Japanese persimmon, its solid material or a fruit extract of Japanese persimmon and a water-soluble extract of green tea as active ingredients. In the occasion, a juice or squeezed juice of Japanese persimmon or its concentrated liquid can be used as the fruit juice of the Japanese persimmon and so forth. Desirably, a fruit juice of an un-ripe persimmon or an astringent persimmon and so forth can be used as the fruit juice of the Japanese persimmon. On the other hand, a solid or liquid of a water-soluble extract of green tea leaves, its dried material and processed matter with steam or being roasted can be used as the water-soluble extract of green tea.  By using a combination of the extract of Japanese persimmon and the extract of green tea, a deodorizing effect can be enhanced and each characteristic smell or fermentation smell can be controlled even if used at a low concentration.
Peritoneal adhesion is a common cause of small bowel obstruction (SBO). In this study, we included 40 adult patients who had SBO, or partial obstructive symptoms. In the abdominal instillation of crystalloid fluid (AICF) cohort, 16 patients underwent lysis of adhesions and abdominal crystalloid fluid instillation at the end of the procedure. In the control (CO) group, 24 patients received lysis of adhesions without fluid instillation. AICF was achieved by the abdominal instillation of 1864 ± 97.5 mL of crystalloid fluid. We analyzed the recurrence of peritoneal adhesions resulting in reoperation for SBO within the 64.3 ± 9.15 months of follow-up time for the CO and the 70.5 ± 13.16-month follow-up for the AICF group. The AICF group had a lower SBO recurrence rate of 12.5% compared to the CO group's 41.6% rate (P = .049). Taken together, AICF decreased the recurrence of SBO requiring reoperation secondary to adhesion formation compared to the lysis of adhesions alone, as seen in the CO group.
The Vivascope 1500 and Vivascope 3000 (handheld divice) will be used (CE certified, Lucid Technologies, Henrietta, NY, USA). Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) imaging will be performed on clinical suspected basal cell carcinomas, of all subtypes. When there are signs of a basal cell carcinoma imaged by RCM, subjects will receive surgical excision according to subtype. When there is any doubt by RCM diagnosis, a punch biopsy will also be obtained and the lesion will be excized when the biopsy reveals a basal cell carcinoma.
In order to analyze the clinical characteristics of death cases in the oral emergency department of the stomatological hospital, and to improve the first aid technique before and in hospitals, we collected the clinical data of death cases in the Department of Oral Emergency in Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from January 2010 to January 2023 for retrospective analysis. General cha-racteristics, such as the patients' gender, age, chief complaint, maxillofacial diseases, systemic underlying diseases, rescue situation, cause of death and seasonal distribution of death were summarized. The results showed that a total of 8 death cases (5 males and 3 females) occurred during the 13-year period, ranging in age from 40 to 86 years, with a median age of 66 years. Among the 8 patients, 5 reported bleeding from oral cancer, 1 reported chest tightness and dyspnea after oral cancer surgery, 1 reported loss of consciousness after maxillofacial trauma, and 1 reported oral erosion and aphagia. All the 8 patients had one or more underlying diseases, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, renal failure, and cerebral infarction, etc. and 2 of them showed dyscrasia. Among them, the cause of death in 5 cases was respiratory and circulatory failure caused by oral cancer rupture and hemorrhage or poor surgical wound healing and hemorrhage; 1 case was uremia and hyperkalemia leading to circulatory failure; 1 case was asphyxia caused by swelling of oral floor tissue after maxillofacial trauma; and the other case was acute myocardial infarction caused circulatory failure after oral cancer surgery. According to the vital state at the time of treatment, 6 patients had loss of consciousness, respiratory and cardiac arrest before hospital, and 2 patients suffered from loss of consciousness, respiratory and cardiac arrest during treatment. All the patients received cardiopulmonary resuscitation and some advanced life support measures, and the average rescue time was 46 min. Due to the low incidence of death in the oral emergency department, medical personel have little experience in first aid. First aid training and drills and assessment should be organized regularly. First aid facilities should be always available and regularly maintained by special personnel, such as electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor, defibrillator, simple breathing apparatus, oxygen supply system, negative pressure suction system, endotracheal intubation and tracheotomy equipment. The death cases mainly occurred in the elderly patients with oral cancer bleeding and systemic underlying diseases. Education of emergency awareness for the elderly patients with oral cancer after surgery should be enhanced. Medical staff should strengthen first aid awareness and skills.
Overactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is implicated in chronic low-grade inflammation associated with various disease states, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Emerging evidence, mostly from cell and animal models of disease, supports a role for ketosis in general, and the main circulating ketone body beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in particular, in reducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation to improve chronic inflammation. As a result, interventions that can induce ketosis (e.g., fasting, intermittent fasting, time-restricted feeding/eating, very low-carbohydrate high-fat ketogenic diets) and/or increase circulating BHB (e.g., exogenous ketone supplementation) have garnered increasing interest for their therapeutic potential. The purpose of the present review is to summarize our current understanding of the literature on how ketogenic interventions impact the NLRP3 inflammasome across human, rodent and cell models. Overall, there is convincing evidence that ketogenic interventions, likely acting through multiple interacting mechanisms in a cell-, disease- and context-specific manner, can reduce NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The evidence supports a direct effect of BHB, although it is important to consider the myriad of other metabolic responses to fasting or ketogenic diet interventions (e.g., elevated lipolysis, low insulin, stable glucose, negative energy balance) that may also impact innate immune responses. Future research is needed to translate promising findings from discovery science to clinical application.
OBJECTIVE: Neutrophils are one of the most predominant infiltrating leukocytes in lung cancer tissues and are associated with lung cancer progression. How neutrophils promote lung cancer progression, however, has not been established.
METHODS: Kaplan-Meier plotter online analysis and tissue immunohistochemistry were used to determine the relationship between neutrophils and overall survival in lung cancer patients. The effect of neutrophils on lung cancer was determined using the Transwell migration assay, a proliferation assay, and a murine tumor model. Gene knockdown was used to determine poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP)-1 function in lung cancer-educated neutrophils. Western blot analysis and gelatin zymography were used to demonstrate the correlation between PARP-1 and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9). Immunoprecipitation coupled to mass spectrometry (IP/MS) was used to identify the proteins interacting with PARP-1. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) was used to confirm that PARP-1 interacts with arachidonate 5-lipooxygenase (ALOX5). Neutrophil PARP-1 blockage by AG14361 rescued neutrophil-promoted lung cancer progression.
RESULTS: An increased number of infiltrating neutrophils was negatively associated with overall survival in lung cancer patients (P < 0.001). Neutrophil activation promoted lung cancer cell invasion, migration, and proliferation in vitro, and murine lung cancer growth in vivo. Mechanistically, PARP-1 was shown to be involved in lung cancer cell-induced neutrophil activation to increase MMP-9 expression through interacting and stabilizing ALOX5 by post-translational protein modification (PARylation). Blocking PARP-1 by gene knockdown or AG14361 significantly decreased ALOX5 expression and MMP-9 production, and eliminated neutrophil-mediated lung cancer cell invasion and in vivo tumor growth.
CONCLUSIONS: We identified a novel mechanism by which PARP-1 mediates lung cancer cell-induced neutrophil activation and PARylates ALOX5 to regulate MMP-9 expression, which exacerbates lung cancer progression.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to evaluate the association between the amount of proteinuria at the time of diagnosis of preeclampsia with severe features (severe preeclampsia [SPE]) and duration of expectant management (EM) and other perinatal outcomes.
STUDY DESIGN: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with SPE delivering live, non-anomalous singletons at 230/7 to 342/7 weeks' estimated gestational age (EGA) at a single tertiary center 2016 to 2018. Patients with proteinuria assessment (24-hour total urine protein or urine protein-to-creatinine ratio extrapolation) within 3 days of SPE diagnosis were included. Patients delivered for an indication other than SPE were excluded. Patients were categorized by amount of proteinuria (mg): none (≤300), mild (301-1,000), moderate (1,001-3,000), and massive (≥3,001). The primary outcome was the proportion of potential EM time achieved (%EM), i.e., days of EM divided by days from SPE diagnosis to 34 weeks. Secondary outcomes included delivery EGA, days of EM, and perinatal outcomes. Bivariable and multivariable analyses compared outcomes across groups.
RESULTS: Of 295 patients included, 21% had no proteinuria, 33% mild, 19% moderate, and 27% massive. Groups differed by EGA at diagnosis, age, parity, chronic hypertension, and renal disease. %EM was not significantly different between groups (adjusted β coefficient 4.1 [95% CI -5.3, 13.5] for mild proteinuria vs. none, -4.1 [95% CI -14.9, 6.6] for moderate proteinuria vs. none, and -5.6 [95% CI -16.0, 4.7] for massive proteinuria vs. none). Increasing proteinuria was associated with earlier delivery EGA but only days of EM in the mild versus no proteinuria groups. There was no significant association between proteinuria and maternal composite morbidity, but patients with mild and massive proteinuria had higher odds of neonatal composite morbidities compared with no proteinuria.
CONCLUSION: Among patients with SPE, proteinuria level was not consistently associated with duration of EM. However, patients with the greatest amounts of proteinuria may have worse neonatal and selected maternal outcomes.
KEY POINTS: · Amount of proteinuria was not associated with the duration of expectant management.. · Greater proteinuria was associated with earlier delivery in severe preeclampsia.. · Massive proteinuria in preeclampsia was associated with select adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes..
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a novel Bacillus subtilis species, composed of Bacillus subtilis species having ability of utilizing lactose and amygdalin but no ability of utilizing inulin, and useful for, e.g. infection prophylactic therapeutic agents, immunopotentiator, antidiarrheal agent, antiflatulent and growth promotor, etc. SOLUTION: This novel Bacillus subtilis species, e.g. Bacillus subtilis AS2 stock (FERMOBP-6139), has ability of utilizing lactose and amygdalin but no ability of utilizing inulin, showing antimicrobial functions, and useful for, e.g. infection prophylactic/therapeutic agents, immunopotentiator, antidiarrheal agent, antiflatulent, dejection deodorant, growth promotor, side-effect reducing agents for administration of anti-cancer agents. Bacillus subtilis AS2 stock is found, after microorganisms of strong antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms have been searched for, to have antimicrobial functions against various bacteria, e.g. Salmonella, Escherichia coil staphylococcus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, campylobacter, botulinus bacillus and Welch bacillus.
Participants with Type 1 diabetes with onset of disease at \< 40 years of age and insulin-dependence for \> 5 years received efalizumab-based immunosuppression regimen after islet-cell transplantation. During the course of the study, efalizumab was withdrawn from the US market due to safety concerns. The protocol was subsequently amended to alter the immunosuppressive regimen to abatacept for these participants.