anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Bupivacaine hydrochloride USP is 2-Piperidinecarboxamide, 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-, monohydrochloride, monohydrate, a white, odorless, crystalline powder that is freely soluble in 95 percent ethanol, soluble in water, and slightly soluble in chloroform or acetone. It has the following structural formula:

Bupivacaine hydrochloride injection USP is available in sterile isotonic solution for injection via local infiltration, peripheral nerve block, and caudal and lumbar epidural blocks. Solution of bupivacaine hydrochloride injection USP may be autoclaved. Solution is clear and colorless.

Bupivacaine is related chemically and pharmacologically to the aminoacyl local anesthetics. It is a homologue of mepivacaine and is chemically related to lidocaine. All three of these anesthetics contain an amide linkage between the aromatic nucleus and the amino, or piperidine group. They differ in this respect from the procaine-type local anesthetics, which have an ester linkage.

Bupivacaine hydrochloride injection USP — Sterile isotonic solution containing sodium chloride. In multiple-dose vials, each mL also contains 1 mg methylparaben as antiseptic preservative. The pH of the solution is adjusted to between 4 and 6.5 with sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid.
Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is a sensitive method to assess for secondary ischemia in patients with acute brain injury. By comparing the outcomes of patients with and without DWI abnormalities, we would able to assess the impact these lesions have on functional recovery in patients with ICH. Since no direct therapies exist for this disease, DWI abnormalities may be a novel target for intervention to improve outcomes. If traditionally assessed functional outcomes are not affected by DWI, the mechanism behind these lesions would still warrant further evaluation and potential treatment. Detection of subclinical infarcts has emerged as a potential surrogate marker for subsequent risk of stroke, vascular dementia, and cognitive impairment. Furthermore, the cause behind DWI lesions in acute ICH may lead to better understanding the pathophysiologic interplay between ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.
OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the maximum tolerated dose of ZD0473 and doxorubicin HCl liposome in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors or lymphoma. II. Determine the qualitative and quantitative toxic effects of this regimen in this patient population. III. Determine the pharmacokinetics of these drugs in this patient population. IV. Determine the antitumor activity of this regimen in this patient population.

OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study. Patients receive doxorubicin HCl liposome IV over 60 minutes followed by ZD0473 IV over 60 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 28 days for a maximum of 6 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with partial response (PR) or complete response (CR) may continue treatment until disease progression or until 2 courses after maximum response. Cohorts of 3-6 patients receive escalating doses of doxorubicin HCl liposome and ZD0473 until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is determined. The MTD is defined as the dose at which 2 of 3 or 3 of 6 patients experience dose-limiting toxicity. Patients are followed at 4 weeks and 3 months. Patients with PR or CR ongoing continue follow-up every 3 months until relapse.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: Approximately 24 patients will be accrued for this study.
BACKGROUND: Experimental research evaluating differences between the visceral and somatic stimulation is limited to pain and typically uses different induction methods for visceral and somatic stimulation (e.g., rectal balloon distention vs. tactile hand stimulation). Our study aimed to compare differences in response time, intensity, unpleasantness, and threat between identical electrical visceral and somatic stimulations at both painful and non-painful perceptual thresholds.
METHODS: Electrical stimulation was applied to the wrist and distal esophagus in 20 healthy participants. A double pseudorandom staircase determined perceptual thresholds of Sensation, Discomfort, and Pain for the somatic and visceral stimulations, separately. Stimulus reaction time (ms, via button press), and intensity, unpleasantness, and threat ratings were recorded after each stimulus. General linear mixed models compared differences in the four outcomes by stimulation type, threshold, and the stimulation type-by-threshold interaction. Sigmoidal maximum effect models evaluated differences in outcomes across all delivered stimulation intensities.
KEY RESULTS: Overall, visceral stimulations were perceived as more intense, threatening, and unpleasant compared to somatic stimulations, but participants responded faster to somatic stimulations. There was no significant interaction effect, but planned contrasts demonstrated differences at individual thresholds. Across all delivered intensities, higher intensity stimulations were needed to reach the half-maximum effect of self-reported intensity, unpleasantness, and threat ratings in the visceral domain.
CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES: Differences exist between modalities for both non-painful and painful sensations. These findings may have implications for translating paradigms and behavioral treatments from the somatic domain to the visceral domain, though future research in larger clinical samples is needed.
The rise in osteomyelitis and periprosthetic joint infections, in combination with increasing life expectancy and the prevalence of diabetes, underscores the urgent need for rapid and accurate diagnostic tools. Conventional culture-based methods are often time-consuming and prone to false-negatives, leading to prolonged and inappropriate antibiotic treatments. This study aims to improve osteomyelitis diagnostics by decreasing the time to detection and the time to an antibiotic susceptibility result to enable a targeted treatment using isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC). IMC measures heat flow in real-time, providing insights into bacterial metabolism without the need for labeling. Using clinical isolates from bone infections, assessing their response to antibiotics through IMC, we demonstrated that IMC could detect bacteria within 4 h and determine antimicrobial susceptibility profiles within 2-22 h (median 4.85, range 1.28-21.78). This is significantly faster than traditional methods. A decision tree, based on antibiotic susceptibility, accurately categorized pathogens, achieving high accuracy (74-100%), sensitivity (100%), and specificity (65-100%). These findings suggest that IMC could redefine diagnostics of bone and joint infections and potentially infections in general, offering timely and precise treatment guidance, thereby improving patient outcomes and reducing health care burdens. Further optimization and clinical validation are needed to fully integrate IMC into routine diagnostics.
OBJECTIVE: The current study sought to clarify the role of lysozyme-regulated gut microbiota and explored the potential therapeutic effects of lysozyme on ileum injury induced by severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) and bacterial pneumonia in vivo and in vitro experiments.
METHODS: Male 6-8-week-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into Normal group (N), Sham group (S), sTBI group (T), sTBI + or Lysozyme-treated group (L), Normal + Lysozyme group (NL) and Sham group + Lysozyme group (SL). At the day 7 after establishment of the model, mice were anesthetized and the samples were collected. The microbiota in lungs and fresh contents of the ileocecum were analyzed. Lungs and distal ileum were used to detect the degree of injury. The number of Paneth cells and the expression level of lysozyme were assessed. The bacterial translocation was determined. Intestinal organoids culture and co-coculture system was used to test whether lysozyme remodels the intestinal barrier through the gut microbiota.
RESULTS: After oral administration of lysozyme, the intestinal microbiota is rebalanced, the composition of lung microbiota is restored, and translocation of intestinal bacteria is mitigated. Lysozyme administration reinstates lysozyme expression in Paneth cells, thereby reducing intestinal permeability, pathological score, apoptosis rate, and inflammation levels. The gut microbiota, including Oscillospira, Ruminococcus, Alistipes, Butyricicoccus, and Lactobacillus, play a crucial role in regulating and improving intestinal barrier damage and modulating Paneth cells in lysozyme-treated mice. A co-culture system comprising intestinal organoids and brain-derived proteins (BP), which demonstrated that the BP effectively downregulated the expression of lysozyme in intestinal organoids. However, supplementation of lysozyme to this co-culture system failed to restore its expression in intestinal organoids.
CONCLUSION: The present study unveiled a virtuous cycle whereby oral administration of lysozyme restores Paneth cell's function, mitigates intestinal injury and bacterial translocation through the remodeling of gut microbiota.
The present invention is directed to oral care ULTRAMULSION<TM> based oral care products, including, toothpastes, treated flosses and dental stimulators, interdental coating substances, oral rinses, mouth/throat conditioning internal treatment products, and anti-gingivitis products. All of these products are improved when an ULTRAMULSION<TM> dispersion containing silicone and a surfactant is used as taught herein. The ULTRAMULSION<TM> dispersions of the present invention combine certain characteristics of emulsions with certain features of microemulsions. Like conventional emulsions, they are two phase systems comprising a silicone dispersed in a continuous, surfactant phase, wherein the silicone is insoluble in the surfactant. Unlike conventional emulsions, but like microemulsions, these dispersions are stable. Unlike microemulsions, but like conventional emulsions, mechanical work is required to form ULTRAMULSION<TM> dispersions. Unlike microemulsions, but like conventional emulsions, these ULTRAMULSION<TM> dispersions are not formed spontaneously. Like conventional emulsions, the ULTRAMULSION<TM> dispersions do not contain a cosolvent commonly found in microemulsions.
Medication abortion up to 84 days gestation using misoprostol alone regimen consisting of three doses 800mcg (4 tablets of 200mcg misoprostol each) taken every 3 hours. An extra dose (800mcg) may also be taken if there was no bleeding after administering the earlier doses.
FIELD: biotechnology, medicine, cosmetology. SUBSTANCE: connective tissue of animals is milled, hydrolyzed with alkali, homogenized and extracted with perchloric acid at pH = 1.5-2.5 at room temperature. Extract is filtered off, precipitate is washed, dried and used as fodder addition. The end product from extract is isolated by dialysis against distilled water. Precipitate is formed on diaphragm after dialysis, dialyzate pH is 6.5-6.0. Precipitate is separated and fed to drying. The yield of preparation is 3.5-7.0%. Complex preparation has 30-39% mucopolysaccharides and 60-65% collagen. EFFECT: simplified method, decreased cost. 3 cl
No drug interaction studies have been conducted with CombiPatch. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that estrogens are metabolized partially by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Therefore, inducers or inhibitors of CYP3A4 may affect estrogen drug metabolism. Inducers of CYP3A4 such as St. John’s wort ( Hypericum perforatum) preparations, anticonvulsants (e.g., phenobarbital, phenytoin and carbamazepine), phenylbutazone, and anti-infectives (e.g., rifampin, rifabutin, nevirapine and efavirenz) may reduce plasma concentrations of estrogens, possibly resulting in a decrease in therapeutic effects and/or changes in the uterine bleeding profile. Inhibitors of CYP3A4 such as erythromycin, clarithromycin, ketoconazole, itraconazole, ritonavir, nelfinavir and grapefruit juice may increase plasma concentrations of estrogens and may result in side effects. 

Adhesion

Averaging across 6 clinical trials lasting 3 months to 1 year, of 1,287 patients treated, CombiPatch transdermal systems completely adhered to the skin nearly 90 percent of the time over the 3- to 4-day wear period. Less than 2 percent of the patients required reapplication or replacement of systems due to lifting or detachment. Two patients (0.2 percent) discontinued therapy during clinical trials due to adhesion failure.
Patients receive brigatinib PO QD on days 1-28. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 2 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo LCT for up to 3 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Within 7 days after completion of LCT, patients receive brigatinib PO QD on days 1-28. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Genetic sequencing has revolutionized immunotherapy in colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent clinical trials have revealed a positive response to immunotherapy-based systemic therapies in CRC patient subgroups with microsatellite instability (MSI)-High or DNA polymerase epsilon (POLE) mutation. However, the unsatisfactory response rates was the major limitation in real-world practice of the precision immunotherapy in CRC. Adding photodynamic therapy (PDT) to systemic immunotherapy has showed synergetic anti-tumor effect by modulating tumor microenvironment, while the eligible patient's subgroups which would benefit from this combination remained equivocal. Here we reported a synchronous colorectal cancer patient with MSI-High and POLE mutation who had accelerated response in less than 2 cycles (42 days) of immunotherapy-based systemic therapies after tumor-directed PDT and has remained progression-free by far. This case enlightened the synergetic effect of PDT in immunotherapy-treated CRC patients, with the MSI and POLE-mutation status as predictors of survival benefits.
Benzimidazole derivs. are made by (a) nitration of acetanilide (b) reducing and hydrolysing the o-nitro acetanilide obtd. with alkali sulphide or formic acid, in presence of a carbon-Pd catalyst and a phase transference catalyst; (c) reacting the o-phenylene diamine obtd. with an alkoxy carbonyl cyanamide in aq. soln.; and (d) reacting the prod. of formula (I), with R2=H, with various alkyl isocyanates, cyclo-alkyl isocyanates or others in presence of phase transference catalysts. All the reaction are carried out in one reactor without isolating the intermediate cpds.
An apparatus suitable for carrying personal items is described. The apparatus includes a partial vest body and a shoulder strap. The partial vest body is formed from one or more flexible materials and defines an arm hole therethrough. The vest body includes a front portion configured to lie over a portion of a wearer's chest and a rear portion configured to lie over a portion of the wearer's back, with a first arm of the wearer extending through the arm hole. The front portion of the partial vest body includes a first material forming a forward face and defining at least one pouch opening therethrough, and a second material disposed rearward of the first material and defining, together with the first material, at least one pouch accessible through the pouch opening. The shoulder strap extends from the rear portion of the partial vest body.
The use of an animal epiphysis or pineal gland extract (I) is claimed for prodn. of a medicament for treatment of scoliosis. Also claimed is a (I)-contg. scoliosis treatment medicament. USE/ADVANTAGE - (I) provides a causal treatment of scoliosis, esp. idiopathic scoliosis. Treatment with (I) is effective, and simpler than known methods e.g. exercises, orthopaedic supports or surgery. In an example admin. of 3 homeopathic granules per day stopped development of a severe scoliosis in less than a month (no further detail given).
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from HLA-compatible sibling donors is the standard preferred therapy for Severe Aplastic Anemia (SAA). At present, HLA-compatible donors in China fail to meet the needs of patients for transplantation. Umbilical Cord blood transplantation (UCBT) is an alternative treatment for patients with emergency conditions who lack compatible sibling donors, have failed immunosuppressant therapies or cannot wait for unrelated fully compatible donors. However, implantation failure is one of the main problems in UCBT for SAA due to the low cord blood stem cells. Nowadays, there is no consensus on the optimal conditioning regimen for UCBT treatment of SAA, and whether ATG should be added to the conditioning regimen is still controversial. Early clinical studies in UCBT have shown that the sufficient ATG in the conditioning regimen will lead to a decrease rate of implantation rate and affect survival of UCBT ultimately. However, a range of recent studies have found that with the addition of low-dose ATG, T cell reconstitution seems to outperform bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Therefore, how to properly use ATG to both retain its effective GVHD prevention effect and reduce its impact on immune reconstruction has important clinical significance for improving the transplantation efficacy. In this study, a multicenter clinical study will be conducted to observe the safety and efficacy of UCBT with low dose ATG in the treatment of SAA and the long-term quality of life of patients.
The invention provides 'doctor dependent selective data compression'. An apparatus includes a network interface and a processor. The network interface is configured to communicate over a communication network. The processor is configured to receive (i) data including a medical parameter acquired as a function of time, and (ii) a selection of one or more time intervals of interest over a period of time. The processor is further configured to: compressing a first portion of data within a selected time interval at a first resolution; and compressing a second portion of the data outside the selected time interval at a second resolution coarser than the first resolution. The processor is additionally configured to transmit the compressed first portion and the compressed second portion of the data over the communication network via the network interface.
FIELD: process engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of minor spherical particles of active agent in sole liquid phase solution. Sole liquid phase comprises active agent, agent facilitating phase separation and first thinner. Phase separation is induced at controller rate in solution to cause separation active agent into "fluid-solid" and to form liquid and solid phases. Note here that inducing comprises solution cooling. Solid phase contains minor spherical particles of active agent. Liquid phase comprises agent facilitating phase separation and thinner. Minor spherical particles feature particle size varying from 0.01 mcm to about 200 mcm. ^ EFFECT: minor spherical particles of active agent in sole liquid phase solution. ^ 77 cl, 49 dwg, 4 tbl, 36 ex
BACKGROUND: Liver fibrosis is a necessary pathological process in many chronic liver diseases. Studies have shown that the progression of chronic liver disease can be slowed by rational intervention in hepatic fibrosis. Berberine (BBR), a natural extract of Phellodendron amurense, inhibits the development of liver fibrosis through several mechanisms. However, the clinical application of BBR is limited due to its low solubility. Drug delivery systems have been developed to improve the solubility of hydrophobic drugs and increase their efficacy in treating the liver fibrosis.
METHODS: In this study, a biocompatible nanomicelle was constructed by thin-film dispersion method using polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (PVCL-PVA-PEG) as a carrier to encapsulate BBR (PVCL-PVA-PEG/BBR-MCs) to improve the solubility of BBR and reduce the systemic side effects. The ability to inhibit HSC-T6 cell activation of PVCL-PVA-PEG/BBR-MCs was evaluated in vitro. The anti-hepatic fibrosis effects of PVCL-PVA-PEG/BBR-MCs were investigated in vivo.
RESULTS: PVCL-PVA-PEG/BBR-MCs have a uniform spherical shape with a mean particle size of 60.04 ± 0.027 nm and a potential of 1.49 ± 0.32 mV. It had an encapsulation efficiency of 98.52% ± 0.70 and drug loading content of 6.16% ± 0.04. Compared to free BBR, PVCL-PVA-PEG/BBR-MCs significantly inhibited HSC-T6 cell activation and TGF-β1-induced HSC-T6 cell migration in vitro. In vivo biodistribution experiments showed significantly improved hepatic distribution of PVCL-PVA-PEG/DiD-MCs compared to free DiD, suggesting that PVCL-PVA-PEG micelles enhance the ability of BBR to enter the liver and improve therapeutic efficacy. After treatment, PVCL-PVA-PEG/BBR-MCs significantly improved fibrotic liver structure and reduced collagen deposition in comparison to the CCl4-treated group; the treatment outcome was more effective than that of the free BBR group.
CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate the advantages of encapsulating BBR in PVCL-PVA-PEG micelles and highlight the potential of PVCL-PVA-PEG/BBR-MCs as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
BACKGROUND: Literature on systemic envenomation caused by tarantula bites, particularly from the Theraphosidae family, is relatively scarce. This case report provides a formal description of the first known instance of systemic envenomation caused by the Socotra Island Blue Baboon Tarantula (Monocentropus balfouri).
CASE REPORT: In this case, a 23-year-old employee of an exotic pet shop suffered from perioral paresthesia, generalized muscle cramps, and rhabdomyolysis because of a Monocentropus balfouri bite. His symptoms were successfully relieved with oral benzodiazepines. EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: This case highlights the potential for serious complications resulting from the bite of Monocentropus balfouri, a species gaining popularity among global exotic pet collectors.
FIELD: pharmaceutics. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to technology of production of balsamic remedies based on oil-alcohol natural material extracts. Aqueous cabbage decoction, prepared at cabbage-to-water weight ratio 1: 2, is filtered and extracted with 96% rectified alcohol at decoction-to-alcohol weight ratio 27:73. Extract solution (4 wt parts) is used to extract divided garlic (1 wt part) at 20-25 C. Transparent part of garlic extract is separated and used (9 wt parts) for extracting divided propolis (1 wt part). Transparent part of propolis-garlic extract is separated and to 9 wt parts of it 1 wt part of glycerol is added at vigorous stirring. Thus obtained mixture is sealed. EFFECT: enabled production of stable balsam with wide range of biological activity. 4 cl