anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor disability and many disabling non-motor symptoms. Excessive daytime somnolence (EDS) is found in up to 50% of patients with PD, and can cause considerable impairment of quality of life. At present, the only proven treatment for EDS in PD is modafinil, an alerting agent with an unknown mechanism of action. However, modafinil is only moderately effective and is very expensive. Caffeine is a very well tolerated and inexpensive alerting agent that is used worldwide, but very few patients with PD use it as therapy for EDS. It is unclear whether this is because it does not help EDS in PD, has side effects, or simply has not been considered because of lifelong patterns of non-use.

If caffeine can be demonstrated as an effective agent for EDS in PD, it will likely become the first-line agent for EDS. This will result in considerable cost savings for patients and health care payers, as well as potentially helping those who cannot tolerate, do not respond to, or cannot afford modafinil.

Another compelling question of interest to patients with PD is whether caffeine may be neuroprotective. Despite intensive research, no treatment has been found that can slow the progression of neurodegeneration in PD. Recently numerous epidemiologic studies have linked lifelong use of caffeine to a lower risk of PD. Although the mechanism for this finding is unclear, supporting evidence from animal models suggests that a true neuroprotective benefit of caffeine is a strong possibility. Alternatively, caffeine could have a benefit on motor manifestations of PD, which would prevent diagnosis of PD. Any finding of a symptomatic benefit of caffeine on motor manifestations of PD will have obvious and important implications for treatment of persons affected with PD and for planning of neuroprotective trials. Any finding of a neuroprotective benefit of caffeine will almost certainly result in its immediate widespread use in PD, with profound implications for patient care.

The present proposal is for a double blind randomized placebo controlled crossover trial that will answer three important questions in PD: is caffeine useful for the treatment of EDS in patients with PD? does caffeine have any symptomatic effect on the motor manifestations of PD? and, does caffeine have an acceptable tolerability and side effect profile that will allow planning of an eventual neuroprotective trial? Patients with PD who have EDS with an Epworth sleepiness scale of \>10 will be randomized to caffeine therapy (100 mg twice per day for three weeks, then 200 mg twice per day for three weeks) or placebo. A final assessment will be performed after a 4-week washout. A total of 52 patients will be randomized over a two-year period. The primary outcome measure will be the change in Epworth sleepiness scale between patients receiving caffeine versus placebo. Secondary outcome measures will include other sleep scales, tolerability measures, and measures of motor function and overall quality of life. After tests to assess normal distribution, analysis will be with two-sample t-test.
The present invention pertains to the development of Extracellular Matrix (ECM) scaffolds derived from the forestomach of a ruminant. Such scaffolds are useful in many clinical and therapeutic applications, including wound repair, tissue regeneration, and breast reconstruction. In addition, the present invention features methods of isolating ECM scaffolds from mammalian organs, including but not limited to the ruminant forestomach. Such methods include the generation of a transmural osmotic flow between two sides of the tissue. The invention further features laminated ECM scaffolds containing a polymer positioned between individual EMC sheets. The polymer may optionally contain bioactive molecules to enhance the functionality of the scaffold.
Recent studies show that endogenous cannabinoids modulate appetitive behaviors. For example, an antagonist of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor, SR141716, decreases food intake in animals as well as in humans and decreases alcohol consumption in rodent models of voluntary ethanol consumption. In this protocol, individuals consuming between 20 and 40 alcohol drinks per week, and who are not seeking alcohol treatment, will be recruited from the community. Following a one week baseline evaluation, participants will be randomized according to a double-blind design to receive either placebo or SR141716 for two additional weeks prior to being admitted to the hospital to participate in an alcohol self-administration experiment. The design of this experiment has been previously shown by O'Malley et al. (1) to be an effective paradigm to study the effects of medication on alcohol consumption. Following baseline psychological and endocrine measures, participants will receive a priming dose of ethanol designed to raise the breath alcohol levels (BAL) to 0.03 g/dl and then have the opportunity to consume up to eight drinks or to receive $3 dollars for each drink not consumed over a two hour period. It is hypothesized that participants receiving SR141716, compared to those receiving placebo, will have decreased alcohol consumption. Following the study, each participant will be carefully counseled about their alcohol consumption and provided referrals for alcohol treatment.
The invention discloses a traditional Kazakh medicine composition for treating infertility and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Kazakh medicine composition combines the conventional medical science theoretical basis of Introduction to Kazakh Medicine which comprises the hexahydric theory, namely, the alt9 tue9r theory, the qi, function and energy theory, namely, the qwat ilimi theory, the liquid theory, namely, the sol theory and the viscera theory, namely the myfeler theory. The traditional Kazakh medicine composition is mainly used for preventing and treating infertility. Traditional Kazakh frequently-used medicinal plants which comprise raw licorice, notoginseng, dwarf lilyturf tuber, gleditsia sinensis sting, sweetgum fruit, radix paeoniae rubra, immature bitter orange, angelica sinensis, rhizoma ligustici wallichii, prepared rhizome of rehmannia, radix bupleuri, (raw) pangolin, madder, salvia miltiorrhiza and herba leonuri are subjected to aqueous extraction and alcohol extraction, and then are uniformly mixed so as to prepare an orally taken preparation. The dosage forms of the traditional Kazakh medicine composition comprise all orally taken dosage forms such as granules, powder, pills, capsules, tablets and oral liquid suitable for prevention and treatment of infertility in clinic. The traditional Kazakh medicine composition has a relatively good curative effect on the orally taken adjuvant therapy of the infertility, is reasonable in formula, convenient to prepare and define in curative effect, takes effect quickly and has no toxic or side effects such as irritation.
The invention discloses a novel plasma perfusion resin for treating nephropathy and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of sealing the sterilized kidney disease treatment plasma perfusion resin, the sterilized preservation solution and the human serum albumin in an aseptic environment to obtain a system, uniformly mixing the system, coating the resin with the human serum albumin, and taking out the resin to obtain the novel kidney disease treatment plasma perfusion resin. The application is that the novel plasma perfusion resin for treating nephropathy is hermetically filled in a plasma perfusion device in an aseptic environment, and then is sterilized for 10 to 15 hours in a constant temperature environment of 60 to 65 ℃ to obtain the novel plasma perfusion device for treating nephropathy. The invention utilizes the adsorption of the resin to albumin, adds human serum albumin in the resin preservation solution to coat the resin, and improves the blood compatibility of the resin. Meanwhile, the cleaning effect of the resin on creatinine, uric acid and other toxins is not affected. The invention can be used for carrying out micro adjustment on the existing plasma perfusion apparatus, avoids complex chemical modification and is simple and easy to implement.
The invention relates to effect pigments comprising an aluminium core or an aluminium alloy core, and a layer containing aluminium oxide or aluminium oxide/hydroxide surrounding the aluminium core or the aluminium alloy core. Said pigments can be obtained by wet-chemical oxidation of plate-shaped aluminium pigments or aluminium alloy pigments. According to the invention, the content of metal aluminium in the aluminium core or aluminium alloy core is not more than 90 wt. % in relation to the total weight of the pigment. The oxidised aluminium pigments or aluminium alloy pigments contain at least one highly refractive metal chalcogenide layer having a refraction index of >1.95, and a mixed layer is formed between the highly refractive metal chalcogenide layer and the enveloping layer containing aluminium oxide or aluminium oxide/hydroxide. The invention also relates to a method for the production of said effect pigments and to the use thereof.
In this open-label, single-arm trial , participants will be administered a 0.3 mg/kg dose of alemtuzumab (Campath) intravenously one day prior to kidney transplantation and one day post kidney transplantation. Participants will then receive a maintenance immunosuppressive regimen of tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) for 8 to 12 weeks, followed by sirolimus and MMF until 24 months post transplantation.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an endoscope system by which the operator can conduct surgical operation without care by eliminating difficulties in depth perception and avoiding a dead angle as much as possible. SOLUTION: This endoscope system consists of a 1st observation device 10, a 2nd observation system 20, a light source 30 that supplies illuminating light, an image processing unit 40 that generates a video signal from an image signal obtained by the 1st and 2nd observation systems 10, 20, and a monitor 50 that displays the video signal. The observation system 10 consists of a scope 12 and a 1st camera 18 that converts an optical image into the image signal, and the observation system 20 consists of an observation purpose endoscope 23 and a 2nd camera 28, that converts an optical image into an image signal. The endoscope 23 picks up images of an observation object and its surrounding. A processing tool 65 is inserted to an abdominal cavity via a tra-curl.  An image for observation is displayed on a master screen 51 of the monitor 50, and a surrounding observation image is displayed on a slave screen 52.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound shown by the formula. EXAMPLE:( S )-1, 1-Cyclobutanedicarboxylato(2-aminomethylpyrrolidine) platinum(II). is reacted with a compound shown by formula V or its reactive derivative in its carboxyl group. USE:A carcinostatic agent. PREPARATION:(S) or (R)-proline is reacted with benzyl chloroformate. Then, the resultant compound is reacted with isobutyl chloroformate and ammonia, the protecting group is removed and the reaction product is reduced to give (S) or (R)-2-aminomethylpyrrolidine. Then, this compound is reacted with potassium chloroplatinate to give a dichloro derivative, which is reacted with silver nitrate. Then, the resulting compound is reacted with disodium salt of 1,1- cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid.
OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to 1) assess and quantify white matter (WM) microstructural characteristics derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in children with cerebral palsy (CP) prior to selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR), and 2) investigate potential associations between WM diffusion properties and gross motor function and spasticity in children with spastic CP who underwent SDR.
METHODS: This study is a multisite study based on DT images acquired prior to SDR as well as postoperative outcome data. DTI data collected from two sites were harmonized using the ComBat approach to minimize intersite scanner difference. The DTI abnormalities between children with spastic CP and controls were analyzed and correlated with the severity of impaired mobility based on the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). The improvement in gross motor function and spasticity after SDR surgery was assessed utilizing the Gross Motor Function Measure-66 (GMFM-66), the Modified Tardieu Scale (MTS), and the modified Ashworth scale (MAS). Alterations in these outcome measures were quantified in association with DTI abnormalities.
RESULTS: Significant DTI alterations, including lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in the genu of the corpus callosum (gCC) and higher mean diffusivity (MD) in the gCC and posterior limb of the internal capsule (PLIC), were found in children in the SDR group when compared with the age-matched control group (all p < 0.05). Greater DTI alterations (FA in gCC and MD in gCC and PLIC) were associated with lower mobility levels as determined based on GMFCS level (p < 0.05). The pre- to post-SDR improvement in motor function based on GMFM-66 was statistically significant (p = 0.006 and 0.002 at 6-month and 12-month follow-ups, respectively). The SDR efficacy was also identified as improving spasticity in lower-extremity muscle groups assessed with the MTS and MAS. Partial correlation analysis presented a significant association between pre- to post-SDR MTS alteration and DTI abnormalities.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings in the present study provided initial quantitative evidence to establish the WM microstructural characteristics in children with spastic CP prior to SDR surgery. The study generated data for the association between baseline DTI characteristics and mobility in children with CP prior to SDR surgery. The study also demonstrated SDR efficacy in improving motor function and spasticity based on the GMFM-66, MTS, and MAS, respectively, in association with DTI data.
NEW MATERIAL:h-EGF having an epidermal growth promoting action, inhibitory action on secretion of acid in the stomach and about 6,000 molecular weight, obtained from human urine. Properties: white powder and colorless, transparent when dissolved in water. Isoelectric point: 4.60 polyacrylamide gel isoelectric point electrophoresis). Color reaction: positive in Folin.Lowry method, etc., negative in phenolic-sulfuric acid method. Solubility: soluble in water and ethanol. USE:An epidermal growth promoter and an inhibitor against secretion of acid in the stomach. PREPARATION:Human urine is adjusted to pH3-4, brought into contact with a weak acidic ion exchange resin such as polyacrylic acid type ion exchange resin, etc., an adsorbed substance on the resin is eluted with an aqueous solution of NH4OH, NaOH, etc. Then, the eluate is concentrated, desalted, subjected to gel filtration, ion exchange and purified by reversed phase partition type liquid chromatography, to give a novel h-EGF.
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common hereditary kidney disease and causes significant morbidity, ultimately leading to kidney failure. PKD pathogenesis is characterized by complex and dynamic alterations in multiple cell types during disease progression, hampering a deeper understanding of disease mechanism and the development of therapeutic approaches. Here, we generate a single-nucleus multimodal atlas of an orthologous mouse PKD model at early, mid, and late timepoints, consisting of 125,434 single-nucleus transcriptomic and epigenetic multiomes. We catalog differentially expressed genes and activated epigenetic regions in each cell type during PKD progression, characterizing cell-type-specific responses to Pkd1 deletion. We describe heterogeneous, atypical collecting duct cells as well as proximal tubular cells that constitute cyst epithelia in PKD. The transcriptional regulation of the cyst lining cell marker GPRC5A is conserved between mouse and human PKD cystic epithelia, suggesting shared gene regulatory pathways. Our single-nucleus multiomic analysis of mouse PKD provides a foundation to understand the earliest changes molecular deregulation in a mouse model of PKD at a single-cell resolution.
Patients with MS between 0-5,5 score according to the Extended Disability Status Scale (EDSS) will be included in the study. The balance, gait, position sense, and muscle strength will be evaluated. The study was designed as a prospective, randomized controlled study. The patients will be randomly assigned to two groups, the "Pilates training" group, and the control group. Pilates training will be performed by the Pilates training group 2 times for 8 weeks under supervision in the outpatient clinic. The control group will be taught relaxation exercises and will be asked to perform the exercises 2 times for 8 weeks at home. Statistical analyses will be performed using the SPSS software version 15 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, USA). The pre-training and post-training measurements of groups will be compared with the paired sample t-test.
Terlipressin (1.3mcg/min i.e 2mg over 24 hr to max of terlipressin 5.2mcg/min i.e. up to 8mg over 24hr) .The dose to be increased every 15min from start dose by 1ml and to decrease by 0.5ml every 15min keeping MAP (Mean Arterial Pressure)\>65 .Terlipressin 2mg in 48ml,1ml=42mcg=0.67mg/min, max dose 8mg/day- 8ml/hr of infusion.
Abstract of Disclosure Described herein are novel macrocyclic compounds capable of complexing cations, and the complexes so obtained.   The novel macrocyclic compounds are monocyclic or bicyclic compounds, and specified derivatives thereof, represented by the formula   wherein each R1 is hydrogen, a hydrocarbon group or an alkoxycarbonyl group, or both R1 form together a grouping of the general formula   (i.e. providing a third bridge between the two X-groupings in the molecule); each A   is a hydrocarbon group; each X   is nitrogen or phosphorus; each D  is oxygen, sulfur, ?N-R (R being hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group) or a hydrocarbon group, with the proviso that, at least two of the groups or atoms represented by D are selected from oxygen, sulfur and ?N-R, and that when each R1 is hydrogen, hydrocarbon or alkoxycarbonyl and X is nitrogen, then one of these two groups or atoms represented by D is oxygen or sulfur and the other is oxygen or ?N-R; and m, n and p are integers from 0 to 5.          The preparation of the novel compounds by bridge form-ation between the X groups is described.          The compounds of the above formula are very strong complexing agents and are of value for use in much the same way and for the same purposes as chelating agents.  The cation con-taining complexes of the compounds of this invention are equally useful in many fields such as, for example, as catalysts.
A patient monitoring system useful over the full duration of a medical procedure includes a compact and portable microprocessor based patient unit 10 with a first series of connection points 26 to 34 for receiving input signals from patient monitoring connections, a second series of connection points for outputting patient parameters, a patient parameter memory store, and a patient parameter display screen. The system also includes a microprocessor based procedure unit 12 that is used during a medical procedure for receiving patient parameters from the patient unit and for controlling drug delivery to the patient. The procedure unit also has a display screen to display the patient parameters. The system includes a communication cable 14 for communicating the patient parameters from the patient unit to the procedure unit. The patient unit functions whilst independent of or connected to the procedure unit, and when the patient unit is connected to the procedure unit, the history of at least one of the patient parameters is transferred from the patient unit to the procedure unit. The system offers advantages of not having to disconnect and reconnect monitoring units whilst transferring the patient between the preparation room and the procedure theatre.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Urea cycle disorders (UCDs) cause elevations in ammonia which, when severe, cause irreversible neurologic injury. Most patients with UCDs are diagnosed as neonates, though mild UCDs can present later - even into adulthood - during windows of high physiologic stress, like critical illness. It is crucial for clinicians to understand when to screen for UCDs and appreciate how to manage these disorders in order to prevent devastating neurologic injury or death.
RECENT FINDINGS: Hyperammonemia, particularly if severe, causes time- and concentration-dependent neurologic injury. Mild UCDs presenting in adulthood are increasingly recognized, so broader screening in adults is recommended. For patients with UCDs, a comprehensive, multitiered approach to management is needed to prevent progression and irreversible injury. Earlier exogenous clearance is increasingly recognized as an important complement to other therapies.
SUMMARY: UCDs alter the core pathway for ammonia metabolism. Screening for mild UCDs in adults with unexplained neurologic symptoms can direct care and prevent deterioration. Management of UCDs emphasizes decreasing ongoing ammonia production, avoiding catabolism, and supporting endogenous and exogenous ammonia clearance. Core neuroprotective and supportive critical care supplements this focused therapy.
The participants will undergo a full-body resistance training protocol with moderate repetitions (6-12), moderate load (70-85% of 1RM), and moderate rest between sets (60-90s). Training will be undertaken three times per week.
COPD Very severe. The individuals allocated to this group have FEV1 \< 30% predicted.
PURPOSE: The American Society of Clinical Oncology Cancer Survivorship Committee established a task force to determine which survivorship care services were being denied by public and private payers for coverage and reimbursement.
METHODS: A quantitative survey instrument was developed to determine the clinical practice-reported rates of coverage denials for evidence-based cancer survivorship care services. Additionally, qualitative interviews were conducted to understand whether coverage denials were based on payer policies, cost-sharing, or prior authorization.
RESULTS: Of 122 respondents from 50 states, respondents reported that coverage denials were common ("always," "most of the time," or "some of the time") for maintenance therapies, screening for new primary cancers or cancer recurrence. Respondents reported that denials in coverage for maintenance therapies were highest for immunotherapy (41.74%) and maintenance chemotherapy (40.17%). Coverage denials for new primary cancer screenings were highest for Hodgkin lymphoma survivors needing a PET/CT scan (49.04%) and breast cancer survivors at a high risk of recurrence who needed an MRI (63.46%), respectively. More than half of survey respondents reported denials for symptom management and supportive care services. Fertility services, dental services when indicated, and mental health services were denied "always" or "most of the time" 23.1%, 22.5%, and 12.8%, respectively. Respondents reported they often had a process in place to automatically appeal denials for evidence-based services. The denial process, however, resulted in greater stress for the patient and provider.
CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates that additional advocacy with payers is needed to ensure that reimbursement policies are consistent with evidence-based survivorship care services.