anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: In the past quite a long time, intraoperative cholangiography(IOC)was necessary during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Now magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is the main method for diagnosing common bile duct stones (CBDS). Whether MRCP can replace IOC as routine examination before LC is still inconclusive. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical data of patients undergoing LC for cholecystolithiasis, and to explore the necessity and feasibility of preoperative routine MRCP in patients with cholecystolithiasis.
METHODS: According to whether MRCP was performed before operation, 184 patients undergoing LC for cholecystolithiasis in the Department of General Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018 were divided into non-MRCP group and MRCP group for this retrospective study. The results of preoperative laboratory test, abdominal ultrasound and MRCP, biliary related comorbidities, surgical complications, hospital stay and hospitalization expenses were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS: Among the 184 patients, there were 83 patients in non-MRCP group and 101 patients in MRCP group. In MRCP group, the detection rates of cholecystolithiasis combined with CBDS and common bile duct dilatation by MRCP were higher than those by abdominal ultrasound (P < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in non-MRCP group (8.43%) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that in MRCP group (0%). There was no significant difference in hospital stay (P > 0.05), but there was significant difference in hospitalization expenses (P < 0.05) between the two groups. According to the stratification of gallbladder stone patients with CBDS, hospital stay and hospitalization expenses were compared, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The preoperative MRCP can detect CBDS, cystic duct stones and anatomical variants of biliary tract that cannot be diagnosed by abdominal ultrasound, which is helpful to plan the surgical methods and reduce the surgical complications. From the perspective of health economics, routine MRCP in patients with cholecystolithiasis before LC does not increase hospitalization costs, and is necessary and feasible.
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a prevalent systemic disease caused by diverse factors, for which effective treatments are currently limited. Herein, the oleogel (OG) containing copper-curcumin (CuR) nanoparticles is developed, designated as CuRG, which is also combined with traditional naturopathic scraping (Gua Sha, SCR) as a multifunctional therapy for AGA. With the assistance of lipophilic OG and SCR, CuR can efficaciously penetrate the epidermal and dermal regions where most hair follicles (HFs) reside, thereby releasing curcumin (CR) and copper ions (Cu2+) subcutaneously to facilitate hair regeneration. Concomitantly, the mechanical stimulation induced by SCR promotes the formation of new blood vessels, which is conducive to reshaping the microenvironment of HFs. This study validates that the combination of CuRG and SCR is capable of systematically interfering with different pathological processes, ranging from improvement of perifollicular microenvironment (oxidative stress and insufficient vascularization), regulation of inflammatory responses to degradation of androgen receptor, thus potentiating hair growth. Compared with minoxidil, a widely used clinical drug for AGA therapy, the designed synergistic system displays augmented hair regeneration in the AGA mouse model.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Epidemiological studies have shown that sleep disorders are risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the causal relationship between sleep disorders and AD risk is unknown. We aim to assess the potential genetic causal association between sleep characteristics and AD, which may contribute to early identification and prediction of risk factors for AD.
METHODS: Seven sleep-related traits and the outcome phenotype AD were selected from published genome-wide association studies (GWASs). These sleep-related characteristics and instrumental variables (IVs) for AD were extracted. Two-sample and multivariate Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to assess the causal relationships between sleep characteristics and AD. The inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median (WME), weighted mode (WM), MR-Egger regression (MR-Egger) and simple mode (SM) models were used to evaluate causality. The existence of pleiotropy was detected and corrected by MR-Egger regression, MR pleiotropy residuals and outliers.
RESULTS: A two-sample MR study revealed a positive causal association between sleep duration and the onset of AD (OR = 1.002, 95 % CI: 1.000-1.004), and the risk of AD increased with increasing sleep duration. The MR-Egger regression method and MR-PRESSO were used to identify and correct pleiotropy, indicating that there was no horizontal pleiotropy. Heterogeneity was evaluated by Cochran's Q, which indicated no heterogeneity. In a multivariate MR study with seven sleep characteristics corrected for each other, we found that sleep duration remained causally associated with AD (OR = 1.004, 95 % CI: 1.000-1.007). Moreover, we found that after mutual correction, daytime napping had a causal relationship with the onset of AD, and daytime napping may reduce the risk of AD (OR = 0.995, 95 % CI: 0.991-1.000).
CONCLUSION: This study is helpful for the early identification and prediction of risk factors for AD, long sleep durations are a risk factor for AD, and daytime napping can reduce the risk of AD.
* Midazolam in sodium chloride injection should only be administered intravenously. Avoid intra-arterial injection or extravasation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)].
  * Only personnel trained in the administration of procedural sedation, and not involved in the conduct of the diagnostic or therapeutic procedure, should administer Midazolam in Sodium Chloride Injection.
  * Administering personnel must be trained in the detection and management of airway obstruction, hypoventilation, and apnea, including the maintenance of a patent airway, supportive ventilation, and cardiovascular resuscitation.
  * Supplemental oxygen, resuscitative drugs, and age- and size-appropriate equipment for bag/valve/mask assisted ventilation must be immediately available during administration of midazolam in sodium chloride injection. A benzodiazepine reversal agent should be immediately available.
  * Continuously monitor vital signs during sedation and through the recovery period [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].



Midazolam must never be used without individualization of dosage particularly when used with other medications capable of producing central nervous system depression [Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

Midazolam in sodium chloride injection can cause respiratory depression. It is a potent sedative agent that requires slow administration and individualization of dosage. Excessive single doses or rapid intravenous administration may result in respiratory depression, airway obstruction and/or arrest. Continuously monitor patients for early signs of hypoventilation, airway obstruction, and apnea using capnography, pulse oximetry, and clinical assessment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].

Reactions such as agitation, involuntary movements, hyperactivity and combativeness have been reported in adult and pediatric patients. Should such reactions occur, the response to each dose of midazolam and all other drugs, including local anesthetics, should be evaluated before proceeding. Reversal of such responses with flumazenil has been reported in pediatric patients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)].

Visually inspect parenteral drug products for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. If solution is discolored or particulate matter is present, do not use.
DYMISTA: DYMISTA contains both azelastine hydrochloride and fluticasone propionate; therefore, the risks associated with overdosage for the individual components described below apply to DYMISTA.

Azelastine Hydrochloride: There have been no reported overdosages with azelastine hydrochloride. Acute azelastine hydrochloride overdosage by adults with this dosage form is unlikely to result in clinically significant adverse reactions, other than increased somnolence, since one (1) 23 g bottle of DYMISTA contains approximately 23 mg of azelastine hydrochloride. General supportive measures should be employed if overdosage occurs. There is no known antidote to DYMISTA. Oral ingestion of antihistamines has the potential to cause serious adverse effects in children. Accordingly, DYMISTA should be kept out of the reach of children.

Fluticasone Propionate: Chronic fluticasone propionate overdosage may result in signs/symptoms of hypercorticism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)].
Some embodiments of the invention include computer implemented methods for generating dosage alert values for a drug. Some embodiments include dosage alert values x min  and y min  for a drug, as determined by methods described herein. Other embodiments of the invention include non-transitory computer-readable media comprising computer program instructions executable by a computer processor to execute a method for generating dosage alert values for a drug. Still other embodiments of the invention include computer implemented methods for generating dosage alerts for a drug. Yet other embodiments of the invention include non-transitory computer-readable media comprising computer program instructions executable by a computer processor to execute a method for generating dosage alerts for a drug. Additional embodiments of the invention are also discussed herein.
The invention discloses one kind having treatment porcine respiratory disease eupatorium lindleynun var. trifoliolatum granule, it is characterised in that：The eupatorium lindleynun var. trifoliolatum gram asthma dissipates raw material and includes by weight：Eupatorium lindleynun var. trifoliolatum 42g, Radix Astragali 21g, Fructus Forsythiae 14g, campanulaceae 14g, Radix Glycyrrhizae 8.5g, immunoglobulin 0.5g；Its described ancillary drug uses：Maxingshigan dissipates, datura flower asthma relieving powder, tylosin injection and kanamycin sulfate injection liquid, is related to porcine respiratory disease technical field.There should be treatment porcine respiratory disease eupatorium lindleynun var. trifoliolatum granule, the scattered therapeutic effect of eupatorium lindleynun var. trifoliolatum gram asthma is dissipated compared with Maxingshigan and datura flower asthma relieving powder, kanamycin sulfate and tylosin therapeutic effect are good, cure rate is also up to 93.3%, it is higher to illustrate that eupatorium lindleynun var. trifoliolatum gram asthma dissipates treatment pig asthma and cough curative effect, quick result is held time longer, should there is wide market, pig is reduced because of the probability of porcine respiratory disease death, shortens economic loss.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a saccharine complex containing a ketose, as a useful material for a medicine and a cosmetic material by extracting the terrestrial part of a plant belonging to the genus of Aconitum. SOLUTION: This saccharine complex containing a ketose is obtained by extracting the upper portions the earth such as leaves, stems, etc., of a plant belonging to the genus Aconitum (e.g. Aconitum japonicum) or a related plant (e.g. a plant belonging to family Ranunculaceae) by using a polar solvent (e.g. methanol) at 60-70 deg.C, and purifying by removing unstable materials, performing a gel filtration, etc. The saccharine complex countering the ketose has no toxicity, and exhibits a potent peripheral blood vessel dilating action. The terrestrial part which is only wasted heretofore, generates an issue of a public pollution and amounts to several fold of tubers root part thereof, can be effectively utilized as a resource.
The burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continues to increase in developing countries like China, but the access to STI care is often limited. The emergence of direct-to-consumer (DTC) telemedicine offers unique opportunities for patients to directly access health services when needed. However, the quality of STI care provided by telemedicine platforms remains unknown. After systemically identifying the universe of DTC telemedicine platforms providing on-demand consultations in China in 2019, we evaluated their quality using the method of unannounced standardized patients (SPs). SPs presented routine cases of syphilis and herpes. Of the 110 SP visits conducted, physicians made a correct diagnosis in 44.5% (95% CI: 35.1% to 54.0%) of SP visits, and correctly managed 10.9% (95% CI: 5.0% to 16.8%). Low rates of correct management were primarily attributable to the failure of physicians to refer patients for STI testing. Controlling for other factors, videoconference (vs SMS-based) consultation mode and the availability of public physician ratings were associated with higher-quality care. Our findings suggest a need for further research on the causal determinants of care quality on DTC telemedicine platforms and effective policy approaches to promote their potential to expand access to STI care in developing countries while limiting potential unintended consequences for patients.
FIELD: organic chemistry. SUBSTANCE: piperazine having formulae  (2) is used as reagent 1, alkyl halide-containing compound having formula   (3) is used as reagent 3. Reaction is carried out by heating to boiling point, reaction takes place in water in the presence of sodium carbonate, its quantity being 1-4 molar equivalents as calculated for origin reagent. Desired product which has formula   (1) is prepared at yield 88-91 %. Said product has neuroleptic activity. EFFECT: improves quality of desired product.
Participants in the intervention group received the offer of four 2h group sessions during five weeks, and two further sessions after one and six months. The attendance rates of the sessions were 95%, 88%, 87%, 73%, 67% and 51%, respectively. The course was delivered by health care staff in the Holstebro Health Care Centre, including a dietitian and an occupational therapist, both with health pedagogic competences. It was delivered to seven intervention groups, which varied in size from 5 to 15 participants.
Patients will be treated with pembrolizumab, bevacizumab, and binimetinib together on day 1 of all cycles including cycle 1. Patients will start treatment with pembrolizumab, binimetinib, and bevacizumab on day 1 of all subsequent cycles.
For patients in the advanced melanoma cohort, a one-time blood sample will be obtained prior to the commencement of systemic therapy at a time when standard-of-care blood will be drawn. While it is ideal to obtain samples prior to any systemic therapy, participants who have previously received therapy, have progressed, and are in need of additional therapy will be considered suitable for participation. Participants with known BRAF mutation (determined by standard of care tissue testing) will undergo blood draws every 4 weeks (+/- 1 week) and at the time of disease progression.
Induction Treatment: Participants will receive either Regimen A or Regimen B. Regimen A: Participants will receive either obinutuzumab on Days 1, 8, 15 of Cycle 1 and then on Day 1 of Cycles 2 to 6; idasanutlin and venetoclax on Days 1 to 5 of Cycles 1 to 6 or obinutuzumab on Days 1, 8, 15 on Cycle 1 and then on Day 1 of Cycles 2 to 6; idasanutlin on Days 1 to 5 and venetoclax on Days 1 to 10 of Cycles 1 to 6. Regimen B (in bridging cohort): Participants will receive obinutuzumab alone in Cycle 1 and obinutuzumab with idasanutlin and venetoclax (both at maximum tolerated dose \[MTD\] established from Regimen A) in Cycles 2 to 6. Post-Induction Treatment (Maintenance Treatment): Participants will receive obinutuzumab every 2 months for 24 months; idasanutlin and venetoclax for 6 months.
BACKGROUND: Trigger finger, or stenosing tendovaginitis, is one of the most common causes of hand disability, where a finger or thumb painfully snaps and locks due to a tendon-sheath size mismatch at the A1 pulley. The exact aetiology of trigger finger is unknown, though it is associated with factors like diabetes, rheumatic disease and carpal tunnel syndrome. The main purpose of this prospective study was to explore clinical characteristics and comorbidities in a cohort of 139 patients who underwent surgery for trigger finger and find factors of importance for the outcome 1 year postoperatively.
METHODS: Pain, range of motion, hand function evaluated by the Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand questionnaire as well as Quinnell grade of triggering were examined preoperatively. Symptom duration, working status, medical history and comorbidities at baseline were also noted. Further, range of motion was evaluated 3 months after surgery, pain and hand function were evaluated 3 and 12 months after surgery. An outcome scale with three levels was defined. The development of any new comorbidities was monitored during an extended postoperative observation period, with a mean duration of 70 months (range: 56-88 months).
RESULTS: Poor outcome was strongly associated with younger age (P = 0.0009), a high level of preoperative pain in the operated hand (P = 0.0027), psoriatic arthritis (P = 0.021) and atopic disease (P = 0.028; odds ratio [OR]: 3.87, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15-13.04). A low range of motion preoperatively did not affect the outcome. Carpal tunnel syndrome was the most common comorbidity but did not affect the outcome. A good preoperative range of motion, good hand function and less pain were associated with better outcomes.
CONCLUSION: Younger age, a high level of preoperative pain, psoriatic arthritis and atopic disease were factors associated with a worse outcome of trigger finger surgery. Pain and disability decreased 3 months postoperatively and continued to decrease between 3 and 12 months.
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is one of the debilitating complications after breast cancer treatment. Several forms of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were developed to evaluate the severity of BCRL based on the patients' perspective. LYMPH-Q Upper Extremity Module is a newly developed questionnaire for BCRL. This study aimed to demonstrate the process of translation and cultural adaption from English to Mandarin Chinese.
METHODS AND RESULTS: The translation process followed the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) best-practice guidelines for the translation and cultural adaption of PROM. The process included four steps: forward translation, back translation, back translation review, and patient interviews. In total, five patients with BCRL were recruited for patient interviews. The forward translation step involved two professional translators whose native language was Mandarin Chinese. A reconciled translated version was produced. In the back translation step, the reconciled translated version in Mandarin Chinese was sent to another professional translator whose native language was English. The back-translated version in English was sent back to the developer of LYMPH-Q for review. In this step, 22 items were revised. In the final step of patient interviews, 15 items were revised based on the patients' feedback.
CONCLUSION: The development of Mandarin Chinese version of LYMPH-Q Upper Extremity Module and its utilization in conjunction with the existing objective measures could provide a more well-rounded picture of the status of patients with BCRL worldwide.
The study is a prospective, randomized, open-label implementation trial. The study population will consist of persons aged \>=65 years at January 15, 2024 - this age group is eligible for free-of-charge influenza vaccination in the official Danish vaccination program. Subjects will be identified through Danish nationwide health registries including the Danish Civil Registration System. Individuals will be randomized to 1 of 7 arms (1 usual care arm and 6 intervention arms) with each testing different nudging strategies employing various behavioural economic principles. The interventions will be delivered through the official, mandatory Danish electronic letter system. All subject data will be retrieved from the Danish nationwide registries with the exception of information on intervention allocation. Endpoints will be retrieved at prespecified dates using prespecified search algorithms.
Benzodiazepine compounds, and methods for using those compounds are provided.  Some of the benzodiazepine compounds include 1,4-benzodiazepine-2-one and 1.4-benzodiazepine-2,5-dione compounds of structures (I) or (II): wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined. The invention also includes enantiomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs or derivatives of the benzodiazepine compounds. Any one or more of these benzodiazepine compounds can be used to treat a variety of dysregulatory disorders related to cellular death. Such disorders include autoimmune disorders, inflammatory conditions, hyperproliferative conditions, viral infections, and atherosclerosis. In addition, the above compounds can be used to prepare medicaments to treat the above-described dysregulatory disorders. The benzodiazepines can also be used in drugs screening assays and other diagnostic methods.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a medicine, food, nutrient, healthy product or cosmetic composition prepared from a graphitized cylindrical carbon compound, and to provide a method for producing the graphitized cylindrical carbon compound.  <P>SOLUTION: This graphitized cylindrical carbon compound is produced by subjecting a carbon source to a catalylic reation with a catalyst. The composition of the present invention contains the graphitized cylindrical carbon compound in an amount of ≤50 wt.%. The graphitized cylindrical carbon compound holds DNA molecules, amino acid molecules, polysaccharide molecules, sugars, and Ag ion, Au ion, Pt ion, Rh ion, Fe ion, and the like through functional groups. The active ingredient-holding graphitized cylindrical carbon compounds can be used as raw materials for chemicals, nutrients, healthy products or cosmetic compositions. The composition of the present invention can effectively adsorb/release large amounts of nutrients or stains.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Patients in this group is in the top 11-20% of risk for flu and complications, slightly lower risk than those included in the intervention, who are in the top 10% of risk for flu and complications. This group of patients does not receive an intervention, but are monitored for flu shots as a comparison to target patients.
PURPOSE:To obtain a cerebral function activation agent useful for the remedy of cerebral diseases and activation of cerebral function, especially activation of cognition, by using a steroid compound or its salt as a component. CONSTITUTION:The objective agent can be produced by mixing a compound of formula (R<1>-R<5> are lower alkyl; R<6> is lower alkenyl and the dotted line is double bond or R<6> is carboxy(lower)alkyl and the dotted line is single bond) or its salt with a carrier, excipient, diluent, etc., and forming in the form of medicine by conventional method. the compound of formula is e.g. cimicifugenol, 25,26,27-trisnor-24-carboxycycloartanol, etc. It is administered at a dose of 0.5-1,000mg daily and 1-10mg/kg body weight per dose. The cerebral function activation activity is e.g. cerebral awakening action, especially cerebral superior center awakening action (above all awakening action to limbic system extending from hippocampus, amygdaloid complex and hypothalamus to cortex), volition activating action, cerebral superior center function activating action, recognition activating action, etc.