anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is defined as measuring concentrations of a drug at one or more time points in a biological matrix after a dose. The purpose of TDM is to individualize the drug dose to achieve maximum efficacy and at the same time minimize toxicity. The concept of TDM could potentially be even more valuable if in addition to drug concentrations, other drug-regulated and drug-related metabolites could be included in the models to define optimal dosage. There exists a clinical need to stratify patients with better precision to improve current clinical and therapeutic management. Breath analysis offers an opportunity to non-invasively retrieve relevant information on the ongoing internal biochemical processes, as well as to monitor the respiratory system itself. For breath analysis, a Secondary Electrospray ionization - mass spectrometry (SESI-MS) breath analysis platform will be used to capture disease-related, drug-regulated and drug-related metabolites (breath metabolomics) in exhaled breath. This information, retrieved in parallel to standard of care clinical co-variates, could have the potential to provide a more personalized therapeutic management of patients.
The present disclosure is directed to methods and apparatus for monitoring and controlling IV flow/drip rate. In various embodiments, a sequence of images may be obtained (302, 304) from an image sensor (122, 222). The sequence may capture an IV drip chamber (108, 208) in operation. Image processing may be performed (308-310) on the sequence of images to determine one or more measures of entropy associated with one or individual images of the sequence of images. Based at least in part on the one or more measures of entropy, one or more of the individual images of the sequence of images may be identified (311) that depict a drop (234) falling in the IV drip chamber. An IV drip rate may be calculated (322) based at least in part on the identified one or more individual images of the sequence of images that depict a drop falling in the IV drip chamber.
The recommended dose of ORLISTAT is one 120-mg capsule three times a day with each main meal containing fat (during or up to 1 hour after the meal).

The patient should be on a nutritionally balanced, reduced-calorie diet that contains approximately 30% of calories from fat. The daily intake of fat, carbohydrate, and protein should be distributed over three main meals. If a meal is occasionally missed or contains no fat, the dose of ORLISTAT can be omitted.

Because ORLISTAT has been shown to reduce the absorption of some fat-soluble vitamins and beta-carotene, patients should be counseled to take a multivitamin containing fat-soluble vitamins to ensure adequate nutrition [see  Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] . The vitamin supplement should be taken at least 2 hours before or after the administration of ORLISTAT, such as at bedtime.

For patients receiving both ORLISTAT and cyclosporine therapy, administer cyclosporine 3 hours after ORLISTAT.

For patients receiving both ORLISTAT and levothyroxine therapy, administer levothyroxine and ORLISTAT at least 4 hours apart. Patients treated concomitantly with ORLISTAT and levothyroxine should be monitored for changes in thyroid function.

Doses above 120 mg three times a day have not been shown to provide additional benefit.

Based on fecal fat measurements, the effect of ORLISTAT is seen as soon as 24 to 48 hours after dosing. Upon discontinuation of therapy, fecal fat content usually returns to pretreatment levels within 48 to 72 hours.
BACKGROUND: The delay in diagnosis for rare disease (RD) patients is often longer than for patients with common diseases. Machine learning (ML) technologies have the potential to speed up and increase the precision of diagnosis in this population group. We aim to explore the expectations and experiences of the members of the European Reference Networks (ERNs) for RDs with those technologies and their potential for application.
METHODS: We used a mixed-methods approach with an online survey followed by a focus group discussion. Our study targeted primarily medical professionals but also other individuals affiliated with any of the 24 ERNs.
RESULTS: The online survey yielded 423 responses from ERN members. Participants reported a limited degree of knowledge of and experience with ML technologies. They considered improved diagnostic accuracy the most important potential benefit, closely followed by the synthesis of clinical information, and indicated the lack of training in these new technologies, which hinders adoption and implementation in routine care. Most respondents supported the option that ML should be an optional but recommended part of the diagnostic process for RDs. Most ERN members saw the use of ML limited to specialised units only in the next 5 years, where those technologies should be funded by public sources. Focus group discussions concluded that the potential of ML technologies is substantial and confirmed that the technologies will have an important impact on healthcare and RDs in particular. As ML technologies are not the core competency of health care professionals, participants deemed a close collaboration with developers necessary to ensure that results are valid and reliable. However, based on our results, we call for more research to understand other stakeholders' opinions and expectations, including the views of patient organisations.
CONCLUSIONS: We found enthusiasm to implement and apply ML technologies, especially diagnostic tools in the field of RDs, despite the perceived lack of experience. Early dialogue and collaboration between health care professionals, developers, industry, policymakers, and patient associations seem to be crucial to building trust, improving performance, and ultimately increasing the willingness to accept diagnostics based on ML technologies.
Increased risks for intracranial bleeding have been observed in investigational studies of argatroban for other uses. In a study of patients with acute myocardial infarction receiving both argatroban and thrombolytic therapy (streptokinase or tissue plasminogen activator), the overall frequency of intracranial bleeding was 1% (8 out of 810 patients). Intracranial bleeding was not observed in 317 subjects or patients who did not receive concomitant thrombolysis [see Drug Interactions (7.4)].

The safety and effectiveness of argatroban for cardiac indications other than PCI in patients with HIT have not been established. Intracranial bleeding was also observed in a prospective, placebo-controlled study of argatroban in patients who had onset of acute stroke within 12 hours of study entry. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage was reported in 5 of 117 patients (4.3%) who received argatroban at 1 to 3 mcg/kg/min and in none of the 54 patients who received placebo. Asymptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred in 5 (4.3%) and 2 (3.7%) of the patients, respectively.
To provide anti-IL-27 antibodies and uses thereof.SOLUTION: The present disclosure relates to anti-IL-27 antibodies, and antigen-binding portions thereof. The disclosure also relates to methods for treating or ameliorating one or more symptoms of a disease, such as cancer, by administering the antibodies or antigen-binding portions thereof. The disclosure also relates to methods for detecting IL-27 in, e.g., a subject or a sample. Disclosed herein are antibodies or antigen binding portions thereof that specifically bind to and antagonize human IL-27 (Interleukin 27) with high affinity and specificity. Nucleic acid molecules encoding the antibody molecules, expression vectors, host cells and methods for making the antibody molecules are also provided. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the antibody molecules are also provided.SELECTED DRAWING: None
Donnatal® Elixir can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with Donnatal® Elixir. If this drug is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus.

In the presence of a high environmental temperature, heat prostration can occur with belladonna alkaloids (fever and heatstroke due to decreased sweating).

Diarrhea may be an early symptom of incomplete intestinal obstruction, especially in patients with ileostomy or colostomy. In this instance, treatment with this drug would be inappropriate and possibly harmful.

Donnatal® Elixir may produce drowsiness or blurred vision. The patient should be warned, should these occur, not to engage in activities requiring mental alertness, such as operating a motor vehicle or other machinery, and not to perform hazardous work.

Phenobarbital may decrease the effect of anticoagulants, and necessitate larger doses of the anticoagulant for optimal effect. When the phenobarbital is discontinued, the dose of the anticoagulant may have to be decreased.

Phenobarbital may be habit forming and should not be administered to individuals known to be addiction prone or to those with a history of physical and/or psychological dependence upon drugs.

Since barbiturates are metabolized in the liver, they should be used with caution and initial doses should be small in patients with hepatic dysfunction.
The invention discloses an herbal medicine for treating scapulohumeral periarthritis. The medicine is prepared by decocting fleece-flower root, angelica sinensis, wolfberry, codonopsis pilosula, platycladi seed, jujube kernel, poria cocos, vervain, scandent schefflera root, mulberry twig, suberect spatholobus stem, beautiful sweetgum fruit and fructus tribuli by using water according to a conventional decocting method. According to the principles of Internal Canon of Medicine: when the blood circulation is activated, meridians are unblocked, yin and yang are nourished, muscles and bones are strengthened and joints are lubricated, aiming at the qi and blood deficiency and exogenous wind-cold of the scapulohumeral periarthritis, the fleece-flower root, the angelica sinensis and the wolfberry are adopted to nourish blood so as to nourish liver, the codonopsis pilosula, the platycladi seed, the jujube kernel and the poria cocos are adopted to benefit qi so as to calm nerves, and the vervain, the scandent schefflera root, the mulberry twig, the suberect spatholobus stem, the beautiful sweetgum fruit and the fructus tribuli are adopted to activate collaterals so as to remove wind-cold; therefore, the purpose of treating the scapulohumeral periarthritis is achieved through the principle of activating blood before treating wind-cold. The herbal medicine has the efficacies of relaxing sinews, unblocking collaterals, removing stasis and migratory arthralgia, stopping pain, lubricating joints and the like. The medicine is orally taken two-three times each day with 200-300ml each time and 10 days are one course of treatment. Proved by clinical trials, patients can be cured in 1 month generally after taking the medicine.
All subjects who have completed the dose escalation and regimen selection phase of the study (N=15), and subjects who have complete the treatment phase of the study who have tolerated the treatment will be offered to continue dosing in the dosing extension with ongoing assessment of efficacy, safety, and tolerability of BMN 053. Safety, efficacy, PK/PD and biomarker assessments will be performed at scheduled visits; adverse events (AEs) and concomitant medications and therapies will be continuously monitored. The dose extension phase will provide BMN 053 treatment for 48 weeks.
The study is a randomized double-blind crossover design aiming to test the short-term efficacy and safety of sensor-driven position-adaptive SCS in the treatment of gait disturbance in patients with PD. More than 1 month after operation, subjects will be randomly assigned into two groups, with one group treated with conventional spinal cord stimulation intervention and the other treated with sensor-driven position-adaptive spinal cord stimulation intervention. Both groups will be followed-up for more than 1 week and receive comprehensive evaluation. A cross-over design will then be applied to eliminate the individual variability until both groups complete another 1 week follow-up. Stimulation parameters and levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD) remained during follow-up in both group. Clinical evaluation is assessed by 6-min walk test (6MWT) and timed up-and-go task (TUG) with gait analysis. Quality of life is evaluated by The 5-level EQ-5D. The severity of PIGD is assessed by gait and fall questionnaire (GFQ) , modified fall efficacy scale(MFES), activities-specific balance confidence (ABC) scale and the survey of activities and fear of falling in the elderly (SAFFE ). Within group t test will be made for comparison between two groups.
Patients should be instructed that priming VENTOLIN HFA is essential to ensure appropriate albuterol content in each actuation. Patients should prime VENTOLIN HFA before using for the first time, when the inhaler has not been used for more than 2 weeks, or when the inhaler has been dropped. To prime VENTOLIN HFA, patients should release 4 sprays into the air away from the face, shaking well before each spray. Priming:

To ensure proper dosing and to prevent actuator orifice blockage, patients should be instructed to wash the actuator and dry thoroughly at least once a week. Patients should be informed that detailed cleaning instructions are included in the Patient Information leaflet. Cleaning:
Arm II (Chemotherapy Arm): Patients receive gemcitabine-based chemotherapy. Quality of life is assessed at 0, 2, 6, and 12 months and then yearly thereafter.
An Alpinia officinarum extract which gets for the better in dementia and recognition memory function is provided to have protection fuction to cholinergic system. An Alpinia officinarum extract having the effect of improving dementia cure comprises 0.1-20 weight% of galangin as an active ingredient. The Alpinia officinarum extract (E-AOR) is obtained using water, 30-100 volume% of ethanol solution, 30-100 volume% of methanol solution, acetone, butanol, chloroform, normal propane, hexane or isopropanol. The Alpinia officinarum extract suppresses the generation of beta-amyloid plaque which is formed in hippocampus or cerebral cortex and activation of acetylcholinesterase and enhances the activation of choline acetyltransferase. A pharmaceutical composition for treating dementia or improving recognition memory comprises the Alpinia officinarum extract as an active ingredient. The composition is formulated with troches, lozenge, water soluble or oil suspension, powder or granule, emulsion, hard or soft capsule, syrup or elixirs.
The invention discloses application of a compound OLT1177 in preparing a medicinal preparation for treating type 2 diabetes. The invention has good effect and simple and convenient research method. Treatment with OLT1177 significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels and increased glucose tolerance levels in type 2 diabetes model mice. OLT1177 treatment also reduced serum insulin levels in type 2 diabetic mice and increased mouse response to exogenous insulin. The detection of an insulin signal channel shows that the expression of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) in the liver of a type 2 diabetic mouse can be obviously improved by the treatment of the OLT1177, which shows that the activity of the insulin signal channel in the liver of the mouse can be improved by the OLT 1177. Likewise, OLT1177 also increased insulin signaling pathway activity in skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue in type 2 diabetic mice.
The subjects in the LFC group will be supplied with equal amounts of two types of reduced/low fat cheeses. The cheeses are reduced-fat Danbo(Cheasy, 13% fat, Arla, DK) and reduced-fat Cheddar (Sharp Light Cheddar, 16% fat, Cabot, US). No further dairy/cheese consumption is allowed.
Syringocystadenocarcinoma papilliferum (SCACP) is a rare and aggressive malignant adnexal tumor originating from apocrine or pluripotent appendageal glands, often associated with a preceding syringocystadenoma papilliferum (SCAP) or nevus sebaceus (NS). This systematic review rigorously examines SCACP through an analysis of 78 cases documented between 1980 and 2024. The study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment modalities, and outcomes associated with SCACP, while also reappraising its associations, particularly with NS. SCACP predominantly affects older adults, with an average age of 66.3 years and a slight male predominance, commonly presenting as ulcerated nodules or plaques on the scalp. This review highlights the aggressive nature of SCACP, evidenced by significant rates of metastasis and recurrence. Treatment is primarily surgical, with Mohs micrographic surgery offering potential benefits in terms of margin control and cosmetic outcomes. The association of SCACP with NS is critically evaluated, suggesting a complex etiopathogenesis and underscoring the importance of recognizing this association for timely diagnosis and management. Our review also briefly discusses potential pitfalls faced by clinicians in the diagnosis of SCACP. Our findings emphasize the need for standardized treatment protocols and further research into targeted therapies to improve patient outcomes in SCACP.
China currently has 1.2 to 3.5 million heroin users (50% with current injection drug use, IDU), and more than 650,000 HIV infected individuals, with 75,000 new infections each year and the majority of HIV infections attributable to IDU. The Chinese government recently embarked on an ambitious program to make methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) widely available to all heroin addicts. By the end of 2008, approximately 560 methadone maintenance treatment clinics had been established, providing treatment to an estimated 166,000 heroin users. However, the current methadone programs provide limited or no drug counseling, and, despite considerable initial promise, many patients continue drug use and risky behaviors while still in MMT or discontinue treatment prematurely. In addition to risky injecting practices, drug users in China also commonly engage in risky sexual practices. Most of China's drug users are young, unmarried, sexually active and only a small fraction report consistent condom use. Their knowledge about HIV/AIDS, sexually transmitted diseases and blood borne viruses is very poor. The combination of poor knowledge and frequent engagement in high-risk behaviors increases their own risk of infections, and also contributes significantly to the spread of HIV into the general population. \[Consequently, we propose a randomized clinical trial to compare the efficacy of MMT combined with one of three manual-guided counseling approaches, Behavioral Drug and HIV Risk Reduction Counseling (BDRC), Educational Counseling (EC), and counseling approximating what is provided as treatment as usual (TAU) in China. Efficacy will be evaluated with regard to our primary outcome measures: reduction of drug- and sex-related HIV risk behaviors, reduction of frequency of heroin or other illicit opiate use, and duration of opiate abstinence. The study will also evaluate treatment effects on secondary outcome measures (including treatment retention, reductions in other illicit drug use, and improvements of functional status of MMT patients) and incremental resource utilization associated with BDRC, EC and TAU. In preliminary work, we have developed and pilot tested Mandarin versions of the BDRC manual, BDRC and EC training materials, and assessment instruments. Treatment seeking volunteers(N=300) entering MMT will be randomly assigned to 4 months of treatment with one of the three manual-guided treatments. A standard methadone induction and dosing protocol will be used for all subjects to ensure comparable methadone dosages in all groups. All primary and secondary outcome measures will be evaluated during the 4 months of MMT treatment phase and for 6 months following the active treatment phase.
OBJECTIVE: Frontal hypometabolism on FDG-PET is observed in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), although it is unclear whether it is a feature of all PSP clinical variants and hence whether it is a useful diagnostic feature. We aimed to compare the frequency, severity, and pattern of frontal hypometabolism across PSP variants and determine whether frontal hypometabolism is related to clinical dysfunction.
METHODS: Frontal hypometabolism in prefrontal, premotor, and sensorimotor cortices was visually graded on a 0-3 scale using CortexID Z-score images in 137 PSP patients. Frontal asymmetry was recorded. Severity scores were used to categorize patients as premotor-predominant, prefrontal-predominant, sensorimotor-predominant, mixed-predominance, or no regional predominance. Frontal ratings were compared across PSP clinical variants, and Spearman correlations were used to assess relationships with the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB).
RESULTS: 97% showed evidence of frontal hypometabolism which was most common (100%) in the speech-language (PSP-SL), corticobasal (PSP-CBS), and frontal (PSP-F) variants and least common in the progressive gait freezing (PSP-PGF) variant (73%). PSP-SL and PSP-CBS showed more severe hypometabolism than Richardson's syndrome (PSP-RS), Parkinsonism (PSP-P), and PSP-PGF. A premotor-predominant pattern was most common in PSP-SL and PSP-CBS, with more mixed patterns in the other variants. Hypometabolism was most commonly asymmetric in PSP-SL, PSP-P, PSP-F and PSP-CBS. Worse hypometabolism in nearly all frontal regions correlated with worse scores on the FAB.
CONCLUSIONS: Frontal hypometabolism is a common finding in PSP, although it varies in severity and pattern across PSP variants and will likely be the most diagnostically useful in PSP-SL and PSP-CBS.
PURPOSE:To obtain water- and oil-repellent powder for cosmetics excellent in water and oil repellency and touch after use, especially smoothness by treating the surface of powder with a zinc alkali metal monoalkylor an alkenylphosphate and a compd. having a perfluoroalkyl group contg. a specified number or more of C atoms. CONSTITUTION:The surface of powder is treated with a zinc alkali metal monoalkyl- or alkenylphosphate represented by the formula (where A is an alklai metal and R is straight or branched chain 8-32C alkyl or alkenyl) and a compd. having a straight or branched chain >=6C perfluoroalkyl group or a group obtd. by substituting H for one of the F atoms of the perfluoroalkyl group in the molecule to obtain the objective water- and oil-repellent powder for cosmetics especially excellent in smoothness.
Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in sufficient amounts, may improve health. A common use for probiotics is in addressing gastrointestinal issues, such as antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). As an alternative to supplements, probiotics are also included as ingredients in fermented dairy products to produce functional foods, which are foods providing health benefits beyond their nutritional value. Yogurt, for example, is a fermented milk product often considered a functional food. One of the most commonly used probiotics is Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis (BB-12).

Our Primary Aim in Years 1-2 is to conduct a pediatric randomized controlled study to establish the safety of BB-12 fortified yogurt in children. Our Secondary Aims are to examine the fecal microbiota of children prior to, during and following consumption of probiotics. This study will evaluate whether a well-defined, probiotic-containing yogurt can safely be used as an effective delivery vehicle for probiotics. This study is important to help advance probiotic research forward in a systematic, well-accepted manner. Our long-term goal is to create yogurt with sufficient probiotic dosages to positively impact many different aspects of childhood and adult health.