anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVES: To observe the efficacy and safety of ginger-partitioned moxibustion combined with ringheaded thumb-tack needle stimulation in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients with malignant tumors.
METHODS: Patients with malignant tumors and suffering from chemotherapy were randomly divided into control group (35 cases, 4 cases dropped off) and observation group (35 cases, 2 cases dropped off). The patients of the control group were treated by orally taking ondansetron hydrochloride tablets 8 mg/time, 3 times a day for 3 d, and those of the observation group treated by ginger-partitioned moxibustion combined with ringheaded thumb-tack needle stimulation of Zusanli(ST36), Neiguan(PC6), Tianshu(ST25), Zhongwan(CV12) and Guanyuan(CV4) once a day for a total of 3 d, based on the treatment of the control group. The patients' gastrointestinal reaction degree after the 1st , 2nd and the 3rd day of treatment were recorded. The Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score (0-100 points) was used for assessing the patients' quality of life. The TCM syndrome score (4 grades:no, mild, medium and severe, i.e. 0, 2, 4 and 6 points) was given according to the patients' severity of symptoms of spleen (stomach) qi deficiency (nausea and vomiting, abdominal distension after eating, belching, loss of appetite, weakness and laziness to speak, fatigue, and loose stool). The safety of the treatment was assessed by examining the patients' blood routine, liver function and kidney function, and the adverse reactions including blisters, allergies, burns and fainting during acupuncture treatment.
RESULTS: After the 2nd and 3rd day of treatment, the patients conditions of vomiting and nausea in the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group (P<0.05). The TCM syndrome score and KPS score were significantly decreased in comparison with those of pre-treatment in both groups (P<0.05), and the TCM syndrome score was obviously lower in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). No significant differences were found between the two groups in the KPS score after the treatment , and in the levels of white blood cells (WBC), hemoglobin (HGB), platelets (PLT), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine(Cr), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN).
CONCLUSIONS: The use of ginger-partitioned moxibustion combined with ringheaded thumb-tack needle stimulation is safe for CINV patients, and can effectively relieve nausea and vomiting and alleviate digestive symptoms.
IMPORTANCE: The temporal association between the occurrence of neurological diseases, many autoimmune diseases, and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 has been topically interesting and remains hotly debated both in the medical literature and the clinic. Given the very low incidences of these events both naturally occurring and in relation to vaccination, it is challenging to determine with certainty whether there is any causative association and most certainly what the pathophysiology of that causation could be.
OBSERVATIONS: Data from international cohorts including millions of vaccinated individuals suggest that there is a probable association between the adenovirus-vectored vaccines and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Further associations between other SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and GBS or Bell palsy have not been clearly demonstrated in large cohort studies, but the possible rare occurrence of Bell palsy following messenger RNA vaccination is a topic of interest. It is also yet to be clearly demonstrated that any other neurological diseases, such as central nervous system demyelinating disease or myasthenia gravis, have any causative association with vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 using any vaccine type, although it is possible that vaccination may rarely trigger a relapse or worsen symptoms or first presentation in already-diagnosed or susceptible individuals.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The associated risk between SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and GBS, and possibly Bell palsy, is slight, and this should not change the recommendation for individuals to be vaccinated. The same advice should be given to those with preexisting neurological autoimmune disease.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To properly prescribe medicine by acquiring necessary information about a medicine to be prescribed.  <P>SOLUTION: The storage unit of a data center stores medicine case information DB in addition to a medicine basic information DB. When registering the input of medicine names to be prescribed for a patient in a client terminal, prescription information is added to inquiry information, and transmitted to a data server. The data server refers to the medicine basic information DB, and decides whether or not the combination of medicine names acquired from prescription information is the combination of generating interaction. When it is decided that attention is to be paid to the combined use of medicines, the case information leading to the combination of medicine names acquired from the medicine case information DB is retrieved. Then, the acquired case information is added to attention information showing that the attention is to be paid to the combined use of medicines, and transmitted to the client terminal.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
INTRODUCTION: Tinnitus is a prevalent and disabling condition characterized by the perception of sound in the absence of external acoustic stimuli. The hyperactivity of the auditory pathway is a crucial factor in the development of tinnitus. This study aims to examine genetic expression variations in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) and inferior colliculus (IC) following the onset of tinnitus using transcriptomic analysis. The goal is to investigate the relationship between hyperactivity in the DCN and IC.
METHODS: To confirm the presence of tinnitus behavior, we utilized the gap pre-pulse inhibition of the acoustic startle (GPIAS) response paradigm. In addition, we conducted auditory brainstem response (ABR) tests to determine the baseline hearing thresholds, and repeated the test one week after subjecting the rats to noise exposure (8-16 kHz, 126 dBHL, 2 h). Samples of tissue were collected from the DCN and IC in both the tinnitus and non-tinnitus groups of rats. We employed RNA sequencing and quantitative PCR techniques to analyze the changes in gene expression between these two groups. This allowed us to identify any specific genes or gene pathways that may be associated with the development or maintenance of tinnitus in the DCN and IC.
RESULTS: Our results demonstrated tinnitus-like behavior in rats exposed to noise, as evidenced by GPIAS measurements. We identified 61 upregulated genes and 189 downregulated genes in the DCN, along with 396 upregulated genes and 195 downregulated genes in the IC. Enrichment analysis of the DCN revealed the involvement of ion transmembrane transport regulation, synaptic transmission, and negative regulation of neuron apoptotic processes in the development of tinnitus. In the IC, the enrichment analysis indicated that glutamatergic synapses and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathways may significantly contribute to the process of tinnitus development. Additionally, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed, and 9 hub genes were selected based on their betweenness centrality rank in the DCN and IC, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal enrichment of differential expressed genes (DEGs) associated with pathways linked to alterations in neuronal excitability within the DCN and IC when comparing the tinnitus group to the non-tinnitus group. This indicates an increased trend in neuronal excitability within both the DCN and IC in the tinnitus model rats. Additionally, the enriched signaling pathways within the DCN related to changes in synaptic plasticity suggest that the excitability changes may propagate to IC.
NEW AND NOTEWORTHY: Our findings reveal gene expression alterations in neuronal excitability within the DCN and IC when comparing the tinnitus group to the non-tinnitus group at the transcriptome level. Additionally, the enriched signaling pathways related to changes in synaptic plasticity in the differentially expressed genes within the DCN suggest that the excitability changes may propagate to IC.
Obesity is a global health concern owing to its association with numerous degenerative diseases and the fact that it may lead to early aging. Various markers of aging, including telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, altered protein homeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell disorders, and intercellular communication, are influenced by obesity. Consequently, there is a critical need for safe and effective approaches to prevent obesity and mitigate the onset of premature aging. In recent years, intermittent fasting (IF), a dietary strategy that alternates between periods of fasting and feeding, has emerged as a promising dietary strategy that holds potential in counteracting the aging process associated with obesity. This article explores the molecular and cellular mechanisms through which IF affects obesity-related early aging. IF regulates various physiological processes and organ systems, including the liver, brain, muscles, intestines, blood, adipose tissues, endocrine system, and cardiovascular system. Moreover, IF modulates key signaling pathways such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), sirtuins, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and fork head box O (FOXO). By targeting these pathways, IF has the potential to attenuate aging phenotypes associated with obesity-related early aging. Overall, IF offers promising avenues for promoting healthier lifestyles and mitigating the premature aging process in individuals affected by obesity.
Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) strains including those of serogroup O111 are important causes of diarrhea in children. In the Czech Republic, no information is available on the etiological role of EAEC in pediatric diarrhea due to the lack of their targeted surveillance. To fill this gap, we determined the proportion of EAEC among E. coli O111 isolates from children with gastrointestinal disorders ≤ 2 years of age submitted to the National Reference Laboratory for E. coli and Shigella during 2013-2022. EAEC accounted for 177 of 384 (46.1 %) E. coli O111 isolates, being the second most frequent E. coli O111 pathotype. Most of them (75.7 %) were typical EAEC that carried aggR, usually with aaiC and aatA marker genes; the remaining 24.3 % were atypical EAEC that lacked aggR but carried aaiC and/or aatA. Whole genome sequencing of 11 typical and two atypical EAEC O111 strains demonstrated differences in serotypes, sequence types (ST), virulence gene profiles, and the core genomes between these two groups. Typical EAEC O111:H21/ST40 strains resembled by their virulence profiles including the presence of the aggregative adherence fimbriae V (AAF/V)-encoding cluster to such strains from other countries and clustered with them in the core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST). Atypical EAEC O111:H12/ST10 strains lacked virulence genes of typical EAEC and differed from them in cgMLST. All tested EAEC O111 strains displayed stacked-brick aggregative adherence to human intestinal epithelial cells. The AAF/V-encoding cluster was located on a plasmid of 95,749 bp or 93,286 bp (pAAO111) which also carried aggR, aap, aar, sepA, and aat cluster. EAEC O111 strains were resistant to antibiotics, in particular to aminopenicillins and cephalosporins; 88.3 % produced AmpC β-lactamase, and 4.1 % extended spectrum β-lactamase. We conclude that EAEC are frequent among E. coli O111 strains isolated from children with gastrointestinal disorders in the Czech Republic. To reliably assess the etiological role of EAEC in pediatric diarrhea, a serotype-independent, PCR-based pathotype surveillance system needs to be implemented in the future.
In a double-blind placebo-controlled within-subject experimental design, 40 adult male subjects will be randomly allocated to either receive oral oxytocin (24IU, medicated lollipop) or placebo (lollipop without oxytocin). Starting 45 minutes after treatment a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) will be recorded (8min) and next subjects will be applied two different types of stroking touch (self- vs. other-produced touch) to their left arm repeated in 16 blocks. After each block of applied touch stimulation, subjects will be required to rate their perceived pleasantness of touch from -4 (extremely unpleasant) to 4 (extremely pleasant). The neural basis of touch processing will be measured via simultaneously acquired fMRI.

To control potential confounding effects among subjects, before the experiment all participants will be asked to complete a range of Chinese versions of validated questionnaires on personality, traits, attitude towards interpersonal touch and interoceptive ability: Autism Spectrum Quotient (ASQ), Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Social Touch Questionnaire (STQ),Sensory Over-Responsivity (SensOR) Scales, Interpersonal Reactivity Index (C-IRI), Self-Concept Clarity Scale (SCCS), Interoceptive Confusion Questionnaire(ICQ) and Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness(MAIA) scale. Additionally, to control for potential confounding effects of treatment on mood across the experiment, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) will be administered immediately before and 30 minutes after the treatment. Participants will also complete the PANAS after the touch stimulations to further measure the modulatory effects of touch on mood.
INTRODUCTION: Multiplanar mesh plating of patella fractures has become more popular in recent years. It was the goal of this study to compare the biomechanical stability of cannulated screw with anterior tension band to multiplanar mesh plating for fixation of transverse patella fractures in cadaver specimens.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight matched pairs of fresh frozen cadaveric knees were obtained and soft tissues dissected leaving the extensor mechanism, joint capsule, and retinaculum intact. Transverse fractures were created at the mid-portion of the patella. For each pair, one specimen was repaired using cannulated screws with anterior tension band, and the second was repaired using multiplanar mesh plating. Each specimen underwent cyclic extension loading with loads increasing by 1.1 kg after every 50 cycles. Interfragmentary displacement was measured at the end of each interval at both 5° and 45° of knee flexion angle, with fixation failure defined by >2 mm displacement.
RESULTS: The specimens fixed with multiplanar mesh plating survived more cycles and higher loads than the specimens fixed with cannulated screws with anterior tension band (p = 0.011 comparing survival plots). After 150 cycles of extension loading, 3 of 8 of the specimens fixed with screws/tension band had failed, whereas none of the mesh plated specimens had failed. After 400 cycles, 7 of 8 of the screws/tension band had failed, whereas half of the mesh plated specimens had failed.
CONCLUSIONS: While a more technically challenging and expensive technique, mesh plating for patella fractures appears to offer greater durability than traditional cannulated screw with tension banding.
BACKGROUND: Pelvic organ prolapse is a descent of the vaginal compartments and the surrounding organ due to loss of support of the vaginal tissue. It has a significant psychological, physical, and social impact that affects women's quality of life. However, its true prevalence is unknown due to the variability in the methods used to diagnose the disorder.
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse and its associated risk factors among women in Sidama region, Ethiopia.
STUDY DESIGN: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Dale-Wonsho Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Sidama region, from March to October 2023.
METHODS: A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to select a sample of 816 women. Anatomical prolapse was diagnosed based on the standardized pelvic organ prolapse quantification method, and symptomatic prolapse was assessed by patient-reported symptoms. A complex survey-based modified Poisson regression was used to assess the risk factors associated with prolapse.
RESULTS: A total of 815 participated in the interview, and 779 (95.6%) underwent pelvic examination to assess for prolapse status. Anatomical prolapse (Stages II-IV) was observed in 241 (30.9%; 95% confidence interval = 24-38.7) of the participants. The prevalence of symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse was 78.5% (95% confidence interval = 69.1-85.7) among women with anatomical prolapse (189/241). This prevalence falls to 24.27% (95% confidence interval = 19.98-29.16) for the total sample population. Higher frequency of childbirth, prolonged heavy lifting activities, and prolonged labor increased the likelihood of developing anatomical prolapse. Childbirth at an early age and prolonged heavy lifting activities were significantly associated with symptomatic prolapse.
CONCLUSION: Anatomical prolapse and symptomatic prolapse are high in the study area. Parity, prolonged heavy lifting, prolonged labor, and early age childbirth were associated with pelvic organ prolapse. Community-based education and interventions that focus on the modification of risk factors are needed.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, disabling neurologic disease characterized by damage to myelin and axons in the central nervous system (CNS). Current therapy for MS primarily consists of immunomodulatory drugs aimed at preventing future CNS injury; no treatments are currently available to repair existing damage, and symptomatic treatments to improve neurological function are quite limited. Rehabilitation approaches, such as exercise, have long been a staple of MS therapy. Exercise therapy in MS patients has proven benefits on mobility, mood, motor function and quality of life. While the beneficial effects of exercise on cardiovascular and musculoskeletal function are well known, there has recently been increased focus on the positive effects of exercise on brain structure and function. The overall aim of this proposal is to determine whether exercise can promote beneficial changes in brain function in MS patients. The investigator's central hypothesis is that cardiovascular exercise alters both brain structure and brain function in MS patients, and that these changes can be identified and monitored via imaging techniques that evaluate regional brain volumes and functional connectivity. When brain activity measured at one area fluctuates in a coherent manner with that recorded in a different area, those brain regions are considered to be functionally connected. Using resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG), the investigator's laboratory has demonstrated that these patterns of correlated brain activity are abnormal in MS patients.
The process for extracting and encapsulating fatty acids from microalgae and cyanobacteria comprises three stages: oil transesterification, concentration, and encapsulation. First, the oil transesterification stage employs methanol and sulphuric acid solution with a 98% weight concentration. The reaction is prepared at 750°C for one hour. In the second stage, the transesterified oil extract is concentrated by a silica gel packed chromatography column. Finally, in the encapsulation step, an alginate emulsion is prepared with the concentrated fatty acids and a calcium chloride solution. Said alginate emulsion is dripped with the concentrated fatty acids in the calcium chloride solution. A capsule is formed when the droplets touch the calcium chloride solution. The encapsulation of the fatty acids provides greater stability by avoiding its oxidation.
Disclosed is a multi-layered, air-gapped sheet of chitosan, which comprises a plurality of films of chitosan. The each film of chitosan is between 0.1 μm and 50 μm in thickness. Said each film of chitosan is stacked next to one another with a gap of 1 μm to 10,000 μm therebetween with the lower film surface facing the upper film surface of an adjacent film. The each film of chitosan is arranged in the direction substantially perpendicular or horizontal to the top surface of the multi-layered, air-gapped sheet, or slanting against the top surface of the sheet. Some multi-layered, air-gapped sheet of chitosan comprises a plurality of sub-sheets of chitosan. The each sub-sheet of chitosan itself is a multi-layered, air-gapped sheet of chitosan, and any two sub-sheets next to each other are not identical each other. The multi-layered, air-gapped sheet of the present invention is highly suitable for use as a chitosan source for a broad spectrum of applications because of its high air and water permeability, high delivery rate, water solubility, and large surface area.
OBJECTIVES: Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a common symptom associated with Covid-19. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the importance of psychophysical olfactory tests and electrophysiological olfactory assessment increased. The purpose of the study was to analyze the psychophysical olfactory tests and the post-covid curves of olfactory event-related potentials (OERPs) and trigeminal event-related potentials (TERPs).
METHODS: The prospective study included 98 subjects (62 females / 36 males). The average age was 42 years (range 21-84 years). Group I (n = 77) contained participants who had been infected with Covid-19. They were enrolled in the study at least 1 year after Covid-19. Group II (n = 21) was the healthy normosmic control group.
RESULTS: In Group I, the OERPs of 18% participants were absent. Patients in Group I were statistically more likely to have an absence of OERPs (p = 0.036) than subjects in Group II. We did not detect a statistical difference in amplitudes and latencies of the OERPs between Group I and Group II. In Group I, N1 latency of the TERPs was significantly longer (p = 0.002) than in Group II. The amplitude of the N1-P2 interval of the TERPs was significantly lower (p = 0.025) in Group I than in Group II. According to the psychophysical Sniffin stick identification test, hyposmia was detected in 39% in Group I versus 0% in the control Group II.
CONCLUSION: OD is a common post-covid symptom. The presence of OERPs is a significant prognostic factor for olfactory function after Covid 19. We detected a lower percentage of absence of OERPs after Covid-19 compared to the previously published studies of post-viral OD and post-infectious OD. For TERPs, we detected a longer N1 latency and a lower amplitude for the N1-P2 interval after Covid-19. OERPs and TERPs can be considered valid biomarkers to evaluate the progress of post-covid OD.
Automated peer review of medical imagery is provided. In some embodiments, at least one finding is determined for a present study. The present study has a subject anatomy. Based on the at least one finding and the subject anatomy, at least one prior study is selected. The at least one prior study has subject anatomy related to the subject anatomy of the present study and does not include the at least one finding. The at least one prior study is provided to a user for review with respect to the at least one finding.
The intervention group will receive individual PST (60 min individual sessions for 6 weeks, in addition to engaging with APPLE Watch features including fitness tracking (such as regular walks), heart rate, and sleep management on a daily basis. Throughout the final 6 individual self-engaged sessions, participants will persist in engaging and utilizing APPLE Watch features, incorporating daily fitness tracking (such as regular walks), wellness applications, and sleep management and apply PST.