anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A clinical trial data capture system has clinical site computers ( 6 ), each registered with a site and having thick client software, and a server ( 2 ) programmed to receive clinical data from the site computers and to analyse said data in real time. The server ( 2 ) automatically determines if a site computer is outside of an allowed region, indicating unauthorised use, and takes an action such as clearing the computer's data. Each site computer performs cycle management by maintaining a workflow ( 14 ) per patient, and imposes a consent gate through to subsequent workflow stages of patient treatment with n visits V 1  . . . V i  . . . V n , and treatment follow-up. A distribution lplot is generated ( 27 ) for parameters when data is close to thresholds and a threshold may be automatically modified accordingly.
Distinguishing reality from hallucinations requires efficient monitoring of agency. It has been hypothesized that a copy of motor signals, termed efference copy (EC) or corollary discharge (CD), suppresses sensory responses to yield a sense of agency; impairment of the inhibitory function leads to hallucinations. However, how can the sole absence of inhibition yield positive symptoms of hallucinations? We hypothesize that selective impairments in functionally distinct signals of CD and EC during motor-to-sensory transformation cause the positive symptoms of hallucinations. In an electroencephalography (EEG) experiment with a delayed articulation paradigm in schizophrenic patients with (AVHs) and without auditory verbal hallucinations (non-AVHs), we found that preparing to speak without knowing the contents (general preparation) did not suppress auditory responses in both patient groups, suggesting the absent of inhibitory function of CD. Whereas, preparing to speak a syllable (specific preparation) enhanced the auditory responses to the prepared syllable in non-AVHs, whereas AVHs showed enhancement in responses to unprepared syllables, opposite to the observations in the normal population, suggesting that the enhancement function of EC is not precise in AVHs. A computational model with a virtual lesion of an inhibitory inter-neuron and disproportional sensitization of auditory cortices fitted the empirical data and further quantified the distinct impairments in motor-to-sensory transformation in AVHs. These results suggest that "broken" CD plus "noisy" EC causes erroneous monitoring of the imprecise generation of internal auditory representation and yields auditory hallucinations. Specific impairments in functional granularity of motor-to-sensory transformation mediate positivity symptoms of agency abnormality in mental disorders.
The invention comprises 6-hydroxymethyl-3oxo-D 4,6-steroids and their acylates; and their preparation by treatment of 3-enol ethers of 6hydroxymethyl - 3 - oxo - D 4 - steroids or their acylates (the etherifying group being an alkyl, chloralkyl, hydroxyalkyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl radical) with dehydrogenating reagents; or by reaction of 3-enol alkyl ethers of 6-hydroxymethyl-3-oxo-D 4-steroids or their acylates with acids of at most 6 carbon atoms with an equivalent amount of a halogen in an inert solvent and in the presence of at least an equivalent amount of a strong proton acceptor; and the preparation of the 6-acyloxy compounds wherein the acyl group contains at most 10 carbon atoms by treatment of the 6-hydroxymethyl compounds with acylating reagents.  The steroids which may be used as starting materials are those described in Specification 929,984 (including derivatives of testololactone) or the 6-acylates thereof, prepared by acylation. Quinones are suitable dehydrogenating reagents. Examples are given and the preparation of some starting materials by the method disclosed in Specification 929,984 is also described, as is hydrolysis of some products containing a 6-acyloxymethyl group to the 6-hydroxymethyl compounds.ALSO:A pharmaceutical preparation comprises a 6-hydroxy- or acyloxy-methyl-3-oxo-4, 6-dienic steroid in admixture with one or more solid or liquid pharmaceutically acceptable inert carriers and, if desired, an oestrogen.  These preparations are stated variously to have anabolic, androgenic, gonadotrophin inhibiting, claudagenic, progestational, anti-inflammatory and anti-endotoxic properties and, when they contain an oestrogen, to be of value as oral contraceptives.  They may take the form of pills or tablets, an example of the latter containing 17 a -acetoxy-6-hydroxymethylpregna-4, 6-diene-3, 20-dione and ethynyloestradiol being given.
This arm will provide ≤25% energy from CHO, 25% energy from protein, and ≥50% energy from fat. EBD participants will be asked to consume ≥2 eggs per day along with other protein sources including meat, fish, pork, and poultry. Carbohydrate (CHO) sources will be primarily derived from leafy greens and non-starchy vegetables and CHO intake will be equally distributed across meals throughout the day.
The present invention discloses a drug for curing anal fistula and a preparation method of the drug, which uses red mercuric oxide, dragon blood, borneol, etc. as raw materials. According to different characteristics of the raw materials, and after the raw materials are prepared and uniformly blent proportionally, the raw materials are poured in a die in which cotton is placed so as to form a medicated thread. The present invention has the functions of poison extraction, decay removal, blood stasis removal, granulation promotion, shell softening, insect disinfestation, itching relief, bacteriostasis, ecchymosis dissipation, wound healing promotion, pain relief, heat removal, blood prevention, corrosion prevention, inflammatory resistance, sterilization, itching relief, blood cooling, fire purging, detumescence, detoxification, stasis removal and analgesic therapy. The drug is directly acted on focus, the potency of the drug is concentrated, and the drug has reinforced and lasting effects. Through clinical verification, the present invention has obvious curative effect and cure rates can reach 98.3% after a treatment course. The drug is used conveniently and comfortably and is suitable for all kinds of anal fistula. When using the drug, people do not have pain or wound or toxic side effect. The formula and the preparation method of the present invention are unique. The drug has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, convenient transportation, portability and easy storage.
To report the preliminary result of empiric embolization for angiographycally-negative lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) by using the pharmaco-induced vasospasm technique with or without the adjunctive use of intra-arterial multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT). 23 LGIB patients with positive MDCT findings but negative angiographic results underwent empiric pharmaco-induced vasospasm therapy. The presumed bleeding artery was semi-selectively catheterized, and a segment of bowel was temporarily spasmed with bolus injection of epinephrine and immediately followed by 4-h' vasopressin infusion. The rebleeding, primary and overall clinical success rates were reported. MDCT showed 19 bleeders in the SMA territory and 4 bleeders in the IMA territory. Early rebleeding was found in 6 patients (26.1%): 2 local rebleeding, 3 from new-foci bleeding and 1 uncertain. Of the 10 small bowel bleeding patients, only 1 out of the 7 who underwent intra-arterial MDCT showed rebleeding, whereas 2 out of the 3 without intra-arterial MDCT rebled. No patients exhibited procedure-related major complications, including bowel ischemia and cardiopulmonary distress. The overall clinical success rate was 91.3% (21/23) with a 30-day mortality rate of 26.1% (2 of the 6 patients had early rebleeding). Empiric pharmaco-induced vasospasm therapy, when localized with/without adjunctive intra-arterial MDCT, seems to be a safe and effective method to treat angiographically-negative LGIB patients.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, diagnostics in dentistry and lies in placing on-skin points from radiopaque substance or material on patient's skin and further registration of computer tomography in lateral projection of region of temporomandibular joint with reflection of said points. First on-skin point (I) is placed on line passing from Tragus medialis to the lowest point of eye socket, at the distance 11 mm from Tragus medialis towards eye socket. Second on-skin point (II) is placed at the distance 4 mm above I on the line originating from I and perpendicular to line, passing from Tragus medialis to the lowest point of eye socket. Third (III) and fourth (IV) on-skin points are placed at the distance 2 mm on the sides from II on line, parallel to line, passing from Tragus medialis to the lowest point of eye socket. On computer tomography first line is drawn from upper edge of auditory meatus to point, corresponding to lower edge of eye socket. From this line perpendicular line is drawn downwards tangent to posterior convex edge of articular head of lower jaw (LJ). Then perpendicular line is drawn downwards tangent to anterior convex edge of articular head of LJ, and lower line, passing through joint neck and parallel to first line. Within the delineated zone point of projection of LJ head axis is found and its coordinates are determined with respect to projections of on-skin points on hemogram. After that, projection of point of patient's LJ head axis on tomogram is transferred on patient's skin in region of previously applied on-skin points. ^ EFFECT: method ensures accuracy of finding LJ head axis and increase of accuracy of carried out treatment of any complexity in this region due to correct placement of projection of LJ head axis on patient's skin. ^ 3 dwg
Endotoxin is the major mediator of gram-negative bacteria which cause the systemic inflammation and result in microcirculatory dysfunction, and it leads to multiple organ dysfunction and death in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock.

The goal of this study is to measure the endotoxin activity of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock at certain time points, and furthermore, to compare the difference of endotoxin activity among different pathogens, infection source, and antibiotics. The study will enroll severe sepsis and septic shock patients.

The endotoxin activity will be measured by Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) test. Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) test will be used to detect and quantify serum level of endotoxin. The critical component of the LAL reagents used in endotoxin tests is derived from blood cells (amebocytes) of the horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus. It contains the proteins of the blood clotting mechanism, which is triggered by endotoxins. LAL reagents are primarily used to test for endotoxins in injectable pharmaceuticals, biological products, and medical devices. They are also used in renal dialysis centers and a wide range of other applications. LAL tests are described in the Bacterial Endotoxins Test chapter in the United States Pharmacopeia (Chapter 85) and in the equivalent chapters in the European Pharmacopoeia (Chapter 2.6.14) and the Japanese Pharmacopoeia (Part I, General Tests, No. 6). We will adopt the chromogenic method as purchased from the Associates of Cape Cod Inc. (ACC). The LAL reagent is formulated with a synthetic substrate which gives a yellow color when acted upon by endotoxin activated enzyme. The test is read at 405 nm, usually in a microplate reader. The severity of multiple organ dysfunction and 28-day mortality will be followed up.
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) bearing a-glucose (a-Glc) that preferentially stimulate human invariant NKT (iNKT) cells are provided. GSLs with a-glucose (a-Glc) that exhibit stronger induction in humans (but weaker in mice) of cytokines and chemokines and expansion and/or activation of immune cells than those with a-galactose (a-Gal) are disclosed. GSLs bearing aglucose (a-Glc) and derivatives of a-Glc with F at the 4 and/or 6 positions are provided. Methods for iNKT-independent induction of chemokines by the GSL with a-Glc and derivatives thereof are disclosed. Methods for immune stimulation in humans using GSLs with a-Glc and derivatives thereof are provided. For example, the present disclosure includes an immune adjuvant compound having Formula (I) as well as its use, for example, for augmenting immunogenicity of an antigen in a subject.
The study was planned to include 50 disseminated patients with various solid tumors. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 1 - Refnot, monotherapy, 2 - Refnot together with chemotherapy.

Refnot is administered at a dose of 400,000 IU subcutaneously 3 times a week for 4 weeks. 4 weeks constitute 1 course of treatment with Refnot. Immediately before use, 1 ml of water for injection is added to 4 vials (100,000 IU each) or to a vial containing 400,000 IU. After dilution, the drug is injected subcutaneously into the outer surface of the shoulder or thigh. Injection sites should alternate. In the absence of progression of the disease - an additional 4 weeks. Chemotherapy may be used after 4-8 weeks of Refnot use.
Recent evidence from both observational and experimental studies indicates that disobedience of a normal day-night rhythm negatively influences metabolic and cardiovascular health, possibly leading to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). An important hallmark of obesity and T2DM is a decreased skeletal muscle mitochondrial function. Interestingly, recent research indicates that also skeletal muscle mitochondrial function is under the influence of a day-night rhythm. In this study, the presence of a day-night rhythm in skeletal muscle energy metabolism (in particular mitochondrial function) of overweight prediabetic participants will be investigated. During this study, subjects will stay at the research unit for 44 hours, with standardized meals and sleeping time. Five muscle biopsies (v. lateralis) and frequent blood draws will be taken. In addition, indirect calorimetry measurements will be performed.
BACKGROUND: Monogenic autoinflammatory disorders result in a diverse range of neurological symptoms in adults, often leading to diagnostic delays. Despite the significance of early detection for effective treatment, the neurological manifestations of these disorders remain inadequately recognized.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic review searching Pubmed, Embase and Scopus for case reports and case series related to neurological manifestations in adult-onset monogenic autoinflammatory diseases. Selection criteria focused on the four most relevant adult-onset autoinflammatory diseases-deficiency of deaminase 2 (DADA2), tumor necrosis factor receptor associated periodic fever syndrome (TRAPS), cryopyrin associated periodic fever syndrome (CAPS), and familial mediterranean fever (FMF). We extracted clinical, laboratory and radiological features to propose the most common neurological phenotypes.
RESULTS: From 276 records, 28 articles were included. The median patient age was 38, with neurological symptoms appearing after a median disease duration of 5 years. Headaches, cranial nerve dysfunction, seizures, and focal neurological deficits were prevalent. Predominant phenotypes included stroke for DADA2 patients, demyelinating lesions and meningitis for FMF, and meningitis for CAPS. TRAPS had insufficient data for adequate phenotype characterization.
CONCLUSION: Neurologists should be proactive in diagnosing monogenic autoinflammatory diseases in young adults showcasing clinical and laboratory indications of inflammation, especially when symptoms align with recurrent or chronic meningitis, small vessel disease strokes, and demyelinating lesions.
Described herein are systems and methods to monitor the step performance of a user and to provide an adaptive training routine to the user to reduce the risk of falls. On embodiments provides a system (1) including a computer (3) configured to execute a step training routine to control a visual stimulus on an associated display device (5). The stimulus includes at least one prompt for a user to make a predefined step action at a predefined time. Computer (3) is further configured to receive a user step response signal (7) from one or more sensors of a step sensor pad (9). The response signal (7) is indicative of the timing and/or direction of the user's step action in response to the stimulus. The computer (3) is also configured to communicate with a remote server (11), which is in turn configured to receive user response data derived from the user response signal (7), characterise a step performance of the user's step action in response to the stimulus and selectively adapt the training routine provided to the user based on the characterisation.
Participants in the Peanut oil group replaced the daily cooking oil with Peanut oil, and were given 25-30 g of cooking oil per day according to the recommended intake of the Chinese Nutrition Society. Lunch and dinner were cooked using a uniform recipe for both intervention and control groups, and breakfast was self-cooked under the uniform dietary guidelines.
In the past, quadratus lumborum block (QLB) was mostly used for postoperative analgesia in patients, and few anesthesiologists applied it during surgery with opioid-free anesthesia (OFA). Consequently, it is still unclear whether QLB in the supine position can provide perfect analgesia and inhibit anesthetic stress during surgery under the OFA strategy. To observe the clinical efficacy of ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block (US-QLB) in the supine position with OFA for lower abdominal and pelvic surgery. A total of 122 patients who underwent lower abdominal or pelvic surgery in People's Hospital of Wanning between March 2021 and July 2022 were selected and divided into a quadratus lumborum block group (Q) (n = 62) and control group (C) (n = 60) according to the random number table method. Both groups underwent general anesthesia combined with QLB in the supine position. After sedation, unilateral or bilateral QLB was performed via the ultrasound guided anterior approach based on images resembling a "human eye" and "baby in a cradle" under local anesthesia according to the needs of the operative field. In group Q, 20 ml of 0.50% lidocaine and 0.20% ropivacaine diluted in normal saline (NS) were injected into each side. In group C, 20 ml of NS was injected into each side. The values of BP, HR, SPO2, SE, RE, SPI, NRS, Steward score, dosage of propofol, dexmedetomidine, and rocuronium, the number of patients who needed remifentanil, propofol, or diltiazem, puncture point, block plane, duration of anesthesia, catheter extraction, and wakefulness during the operation were monitored. There were no significant differences in the general data, number of cases requiring additional remifentanil, propofol, or diltiazem treatment, as well as puncture point and puncture plane between the two groups (P > 0.05). HR, SBP, and DBP values were higher in group Q than in group C at T1; HR, SPI, and SE, while RE values were lower in group Q than in group C at T3, SE, and RE; the Steward score was higher in group Q than in group C at T4 and T5, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The extubation and awake times were lower in group Q than in group C, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The SE, RE, and SPI values were lower at T1, T2, T3, and T4 than at T0. The Steward scores at T4 and T5 were higher in group Q than in group C, and were lower than at T0, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the effectiveness of postoperative analgesia between the two groups at t1, t3 and t4 (P < 0.05). US-QLB in the supine position with OFA is effective in patients undergoing lower abdominal or pelvic surgery with stable intraoperative vital signs, complete recovery and better postoperative analgesia.
Patients receiving immunosuppressants, including mycophenolate mofetil, are at increased risk of developing lymphomas and other malignancies, particularly of the skin [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] . The risk appears to be related to the intensity and duration of immunosuppression rather than to the use of any specific agent. For patients with increased risk for skin cancer, exposure to sunlight and UV light should be limited by wearing protective clothing and using a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high protection factor. 

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) developed in 0.4% to 1% of patients receiving mycophenolate mofetil (2 g or 3 g) with other immunosuppressive agents in controlled clinical trials of kidney, heart and liver transplant patients [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. The majority of PTLD cases appear to be related to Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) infection. The risk of PTLD appears greatest in those individuals who are EBV seronegative, a population which includes many young children. In pediatric patients, no other malignancies besides PTLD were observed in clinical trials [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] .
The muscle that is important in lateral flexion of the trunk is the latissimus dorsi. There is a hypothesis that this muscle acts as a force transmitter from the gluteus maximus muscle to the upper extremity via myofascial connections. In the study of Kaur et al., it was reported that the myofascial connection between the hip muscles and the lateral flexors of the trunk increases the serratus anterior muscle activation. Therefore, deterioration in the performance of trunk muscles may affect the activation of the serratus anterior, resulting in decreased scapular upward rotation and posterior tilt, which may contribute to the development of pain and shoulder injury. Decreased core endurance can result in poor transmission of force generated in the lower body to the upper body and may contribute to upper limb incorrect positioning. 40 individuals with shoulder pain symptoms were planned to participate in the study. The individuals included in the study were divided into two groups the treatment group and the control group. A 24-session physiotherapy program will be applied to the patients in the treatment group. Pain, active joint range of motion, balance, and postural stability will be evaluated first week and eighth weeks.
Patients receive azacitidine Intravenous (IV) over 10-40 minutes or Subcutaneous (SC) on days 1-7, and pembrolizumab IV over 30 minutes every 3 weeks. Cycles repeat every 4 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Misoprostol has both antisecretory (inhibiting gastric acid secretion) and (in animals) mucosal protective properties. NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, and a deficiency of prostaglandins within the gastric mucosa may lead to diminishing bicarbonate and mucus secretion and may contribute to the mucosal damage caused by these agents. Misoprostol can increase bicarbonate and mucus production, but in man this has been shown at doses 200 mcg and above that are also antisecretory. It is therefore not possible to tell whether the ability of misoprostol to reduce the risk of gastric ulcer is the result of its antisecretory effect, its mucosal protective effect, or both.

In vitro studies on canine parietal cells using tritiated misoprostol acid as the ligand have led to the identification and characterization of specific prostaglandin receptors. Receptor binding is saturable, reversible, and stereospecific. The sites have a high affinity for misoprostol, for its acid metabolite, and for other E type prostaglandins, but not for F or I prostaglandins and other unrelated compounds, such as histamine or cimetidine. Receptor-site affinity for misoprostol correlates well with an indirect index of antisecretory activity. It is likely that these specific receptors allow misoprostol taken with food to be effective topically, despite the lower serum concentrations attained. 

Misoprostol produces a moderate decrease in pepsin concentration during basal conditions, but not during histamine stimulation. It has no significant effect on fasting or postprandial gastrin nor on intrinsic factor output.