anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery is a major complication after cardiac surgery and has been reported to be associated with adverse outcome. There have been many studies reporting risk factor of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery, but the influence of perioperative variables related to anesthesia and perioperative medication has not been evaluated fully. The investigators attempt to evaluate the influence of preoperative medication, preoperative albumin level, uric acid concentration, NL ratio, anesthesia technique, use of hydroxyethyl starch, blood glucose level, intraoperative medication, perioperative cardiac function (systolic and diastolic) and hemodynamic variables during surgery on the incidence of acute kidney injury after coronary artery bypass graft. Preoperative and postoperative diastolic dysfunction may be associated with postoperative AKI. In addition, preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) which has been reported to be a marked for systemic inflammation and was associated with prognosis in cardiac patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft or percutaneous coronary intervention. This preoperative or immediate postoperative NLR might be able to predict AKI after coronary artery bypass surgery.
Elderly patients, compared to younger patients, are at greater risk for NSAID-associated serious cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and/or renal adverse reactions. If the anticipated benefit for the elderly patient outweighs these potential risks, start dosing at the low end of the dosing range, and monitor patients for adverse effects [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.6, 5.14)].

Of the total number of patients who received celecoxib in pre-approval clinical trials, more than 3,300 were 65 to 74 years of age, while approximately 1,300 additional patients were 75 years and over. No substantial differences in effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects. In clinical studies comparing renal function as measured by the GFR, BUN and creatinine, and platelet function as measured by bleeding time and platelet aggregation, the results were not different between elderly and young volunteers. However, as with other NSAIDs, including those that selectively inhibit COX-2, there have been more spontaneous post-marketing reports of fatal GI events and acute renal failure in the elderly than in younger patients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2, 5.6)].
BACKGROUND: Stakeholders increasingly expect research and care delivery to be guided by and to optimize patient experiences. However, standardized tools to engage patients to gather high-quality data about their experiences, priorities, and desired outcomes are not publicly available. The objective of this study was to develop and test a Toolbox with a disease-agnostic interview guide template and accompanying resources to assist researchers in engaging patients living with chronic disease in a dialogue about their experiences.
METHODS: Guided by a multidisciplinary workgroup, a targeted literature review (PubMed) was conducted, followed by group discussions to identify/thematically organize patient experience concepts, development of a conceptual model, and drafting of an interview guide template and patient-facing visual. Materials were tested/refined via cognitive (n = 5) and pilot (n = 30) interviews conducted virtually with US patients diagnosed with chronic/potentially disabling conditions from December 2020 to April 2021. Patient-facing tools were reviewed by health literacy experts for applicability/accessibility. English-speaking adults who self-reported receiving a chronic condition diagnosis at least 6 months prior participated in a 60-90 min interview.
RESULTS: Patient experience concepts were organized thematically under three domains: (1) life before a diagnosis, (2) experiences getting a diagnosis, and (3) experiences living with a diagnosis. A plain language consent sheet template, interview guide template, and patient experience conceptual model were developed and revised based on input from interviewees, interviewers, and the workgroup.
CONCLUSIONS: A disease-agnostic patient-engagement Toolbox was developed and tested to capture patient experience data. These materials can be customized based on study objectives and leveraged by various stakeholders to identify opportunities to enhance the patient centricity of healthcare delivery and research.
uPAR-targeting cyclic peptide compounds have 11 amino acids that correspond to human uPA(20-30) [SEQ ID NO:2], or are substitution variants at selected positions. The N and C terminal residues of these peptides are joined by a linking group L, so that the linear dimension between the a carbons of the first and the eleventh amino acids is between about 4 and 12 Ångstrom units. These cyclic peptides may be further conjugated to diagnostic labels or therapeutic moieties such as radionuclides. Such compounds are usefull for targeting uPAR expressed in pathological tissues and for inhibiting the binding of uPA to the uPAR. The pharmaceutical and therapeutic compositions inhibit cell migration, cell invasion, cell proliferation or angiogenesis, or induce apoptosis, and are thus useful for treating diseases or condition associated with undesired cell migration, invasion, proliferation, or angiogenesis, most notably cancer. The cyclic peptides are also used to detect and isolate cells expressing uPAR.
Approximately 12% of women smoke during pregnancy, and at least 500,000 babies are born each year having been exposed to nicotine. These infants have poor lung function at birth and have an increased risk of developing lung diseases, including bronchitis, pneumonia, and asthma. Researchers believe that nicotine may interact with nicotinic receptors in the unborn child's developing lungs and cause altered growth and decreased lung function. Preliminary animal research studies suggest that some of the harmful effects of nicotine may be blocked by vitamin C, an antioxidant that may protect against cellular damage caused by nicotine and other pollutants. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin C at blocking the harmful effects of nicotine exposure on lung development and function in children born to women who smoke during pregnancy.

This study will enroll pregnant women who smoke, as well as a control group of pregnant women who do not smoke. At a baseline study visit, all participants will complete smoking history questionnaires. For 2 weeks, all participants who smoke will receive placebo capsules once a day. They will then be randomly assigned to receive either vitamin C capsules or placebo capsules, both of which will be taken once a day, in addition to a prenatal vitamin, for the duration of their pregnancy. Study visits, occurring once a month throughout the pregnancy, will include a medical and smoking history review and urine collection. An ultrasound exam will be performed once during the pregnancy to determine the exact size and age of the baby, and blood collection will occur at baseline and once or twice more during the pregnancy. Study researchers will review participants' medical records and will call participants three times during their pregnancy to review their food intake. At the time of delivery, amniotic fluid samples will be collected. When babies are 48 hours old, baby lung function testing will occur, and when babies are 3 and 9 months of age, researchers will call participants to collect breathing information on the babies. When babies are 12 months old, participants will attend a study visit that will include urine collection from the babies and a review of baby breathing difficulties, medication changes, and environmental smoking exposure.
BACKGROUND: The range of mandibular invasion by a tumour needs to be determined accurately to minimize unnecessary damage to the mandible. This study aimed to compare tumour boundary lines on computed tomography/magnetic resonance (CT/MR) images with those from pathological findings during the preoperative assessment of mandibular invasion by oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). By comparing the methods, the potential of CT/MR for this application could be further elucidated.
METHODS: Eight patients with OSCC were imaged with CT/MR, mandibular specimens were collected, and the material site was measured. Haematoxylin-eosin staining was used for histopathological assessment. The presence and boundaries of bone invasion were evaluated. The CT/MR and histopathological boundaries of bone invasion were delineated and merged to compare and calculate the deviation of CT/MR and histopathological boundaries using the Fréchet distance.
RESULTS: The mean Fréchet distance between the CT and pathological tumour boundaries was 2.69 mm (standard error 0.46 mm), with a minimum of 1.18 mm, maximum of 3.64 mm, median of 3.10 mm, and 95% confidence interval of 1.40-3.97 mm. The mean Fréchet distance between the tumour boundaries on the MR and pathological images was 3.07 mm (standard error 0.56 mm), with a minimum of 1.53 mm, maximum of 4.74 mm, median of 2.90 mm, and 95% confidence interval of 1.53-4.61 mm.
CONCLUSIONS: CT/MR imaging can provide an effective preoperative assessment of mandibular invasion of OSCC. Pathology images can be positioned on CT/MR scans with the help of computer software to improve the accuracy of the findings. The introduction of the Fréchet distance to compare tumour boundary lines is conducive to computer image diagnosis of tumour invasion of jaw boundaries.
BACKGROUND: Perioperative management methods that reduce surgery-associated invasiveness and improve the quality of postoperative recovery are being promoted as enhanced recovery after surgery programs in various areas. Early enteral nutrition and mobilization are essential elements for enhanced recovery after surgery; however, their safety and feasibility are unclear in head and neck surgery with free tissue transfer reconstruction. This study aimed to clarify these uncertainties.
METHODS: This is a retrospective before-after study. From 2018 to 2022, 187 and 173 patients received conventional management on or before April 2020 and early management on or after May 2020, respectively. The conventional management and early management groups received enteral nutrition and mobilization on postoperative days 2 and 1, respectively. The primary outcome for safety assessment was the incidence of complications. The secondary outcome was the compliance rate of conventional management or early management for feasibility assessment and the length of hospital stay.
RESULTS: The clinical tumour-node-metastasis stage and American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status showed significant differences between the groups. In multivariable analysis, the early management group demonstrated a significantly lower incidence of treatment-required complication classified Clavien-Dindo Grade 2 and above (odds ratio = 0.57; 95% confidence interval = 0.31-0.92) and lower wound infection (odds ratio = 0.53; 95% confidence interval = 0.31-0.92). The early management group had lower compliance rate than the conventional management group; however, no statistically significant difference was observed (79.8% vs. 85.0%, P = 0.21).
CONCLUSION: Early management is safe and feasible following head and neck surgery with free tissue transfer reconstruction. It could reduce the complication rate and is considered a useful postoperative management method.
Adalimumab products bind specifically to TNF-alpha and block its interaction with the p55 and p75 cell surface TNF receptors. Adalimumab products also lyse surface TNF expressing cells in vitro in the presence of complement. Adalimumab products do not bind or inactivate lymphotoxin (TNF-beta). TNF is a naturally occurring cytokine that is involved in normal inflammatory and immune responses. Elevated concentrations of TNF are found in the synovial fluid of patients with RA, JIA, PsA, and AS and play an important role in both the pathologic inflammation and the joint destruction that are hallmarks of these diseases. Increased concentrations of TNF are also found in psoriasis plaques. In Ps, treatment with adalimumab products may reduce the epidermal thickness and infiltration of inflammatory cells. The relationship between these pharmacodynamic activities and the mechanism(s) by which adalimumab products exert their clinical effects is unknown. 

Adalimumab products also modulate biological responses that are induced or regulated by TNF, including changes in the concentrations of adhesion molecules responsible for leukocyte migration (ELAM-1, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 with an IC50 of 1-2 X 10-10M).
Most surgical abortions are performed under general anaesthesia. Inhalation of gastric contents is one of the main complications of general anesthesia, in terms of frequency and severity. Patients in the 1st trimester of pregnancy are frequently subject to nausea and vomiting, even on an empty stomach. The presence of nausea and vomiting prior to surgery means that the anesthetic protocol needs to be modified, as there is a greater risk of complications, particularly allergic ones. Preoperative gastric ultrasound is recognized for its ability to predict the risk of gastric inhalation during anesthesia. It is a non-irradiating, non-invasive, painless and rapid examination. There are no data on the association between gestational nausea and vomiting and the risk of inhalation in the context of preoperative fasting. There are no data on the gastric volume of patients in the 1st trimester of pregnancy with or without nausea. Does gestational nausea and vomiting represent an anesthetic risk of gastric inhalation?
Calcium supplements provide 600mg of calcium and 125IU vitamin D per day. A balanced diet contains 500kcal of caloric deficit based on daily energy expenditure.
Compositions and methods for the enhancement of delivery in vivo and in vitro of therapeutic agents and other substances to cells, including macrophages, are provided. Pharmaceutical compositions comprise substances capable of increasing the amount of lectins on cell surfaces, and therapeutic agents such as enzymes, anti-viral compounds, biologic response modifiers, chemotherapeutic agents, vector molecules, and DNA fragments. Such agents and other substances can be targeted to cells for enhanced delivery by either conjugating them to saccharides specific for certain lectins, or by entrapping them in carriers such as liposomes, microparticles, microcapsules, or erythrocyte ghosts, which have lectin-specific saccharides on their surface. Such saccharides can either be conjugated directly, or can be present at the terminus of an oligosaccharide. Delivery can be further enhanced by administering to cells, either in vivo or in vitro, lectin-increasing effective amounts of substances capable of increasing the amount of lectins on cell surfaces. Also disclosed are methods for treating diseases, including metabolic storage disorders, viral diseases, and metastatic cancer, employing the up-regulation of lectins on cell surfaces in combination with the targeting of appropriate therapeutic agents, either by the use of lectin-specific saccharides conjugated thereto, or carriers which express such saccharides.
Therapeutic substances such as salicylate drugs, cincophen, amidopyrine and the sulphonamides, which ordinarily have a toxic or depressant effect on tissue metabolism or tissue respiration when adminisstered in frequent and extended dosages, are rendered non-toxic at such dosages by admixture with at least one non-toxic aliphatic, polycarboxylic acid substance of general formula R1(COOR)x where x=2 or 3; R=hydrogen, ammonium, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal; and R1 is succinic, fumaric, malic, oxalacetic, cisaconitic, isocitric or  -ketoglutaric acids stripped of their carboxyl groups. The dibasic acids and in particular succinic acid, are preferred. Succinic acid and its ammonium, sodium or calcium salts are particularly effective.  In one example, tablets are prepared from 3 parts of calcium succinate and 4 parts of acetylsalicylic acid. Effective compositions have 1/3 to 10 parts of calcium succinate to 1 part of acetylsalicylic acid, although a ratio of 1:1 to 3:1 is preferred.  By a salicylate drug is intended salicylic acid, its esters such as ethyl salicylate, its acyl derivatives such as acetylsalicylic acid and methylene citryl salicylic acid and the ammonium, alkali and alkaline earth metal salts of such acids. Sulphathiazole and "Atebria" (R.T.M.) are other specified therapeutic substances.
FIELD: biotechnology, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: method involves preparing the parent solution of chymopapain, passing unpurified solution through column with affinity chromatography matrix exhibiting specificity to chymopapain active site and backing that is bound by covalent linkage with N-terminal end of chymopapain-inhibitory peptide through the spacer group. C-terminal amino acid of chymopapain-inhibitory peptide is a derivative of phenylalanine, alanine, cyclohexylalanine or leucine that is bound with chymopapain active site more firmly than with PPIV active site. The indicated peptide is bound to chymopapaine molecule active site. Elution is carried out by suitable eluent at pH = 1.2-1.8 followed by separation of ballast proteins, neutralization of eluate and its desalting by dialysis, passing through column with the indicated matrix for affinity chromatography, eluation of chymopapain with suitable eluent, combining active fractions, their dialysis and lyophilic drying. EFFECT: improved method of purification. 4 cl, 10 tbl
Waitlist control group: While waiting, participants will continue to receive the treatment they would have had before which will likely include being placed on the waiting list for positive airway pressure (PAP). After a period of being on the waitlist (8 weeks) there is an option to cross-over to the device arm.
OBJECTIVES: A small number of Idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) patients are treated at institutions across the country. Divergence in operative techniques for endoscopic dilation (ED) of iSGS has been anecdotally recognized but not formally characterized. Additionally, the relationship between procedural variation and clinical outcome has not been studied.
METHODS: Secondary analysis of the NoAAC iSGS1000 cohort investigated variation in procedural techniques and treatment outcomes in patients treated with ED across high-enrolling treatment centers (enrolled >10 patients in PR-02 trial).
RESULTS: Thirteen NoAAC centers each enrolled >10 patients treated with ED for a total of 281 subjects. There was significant variation in procedural details and rate of recurrence among institutions. Hierarchal cluster analysis revealed significant heterogeneity among institutions and clusters in all procedural variables. However, analysis demonstrated a transient delay in disease recurrence in cluster 2 which disappeared with longer longitudinal follow-up. Patient-reported outcome and peak expiratory flow data supported the potential benefit of the technical variation in Cluster 2. Distinct to cluster 2, however, was routine use of adjuvant triple medical therapy (proton pump inhibitor (PPI), antibacterial agent, and steroid inhaler).
CONCLUSIONS: Both outcome and procedural technique vary among centers employing ED to treat iSGS. A transient delay in recurrence was observed among centers that routinely prescribed adjuvant medical therapy (antibiotic, inhaled corticosteroid, and PPI) to iSGS patients after endoscopic dilation, which was further supported by patient-reported data and peak expiratory flow data. Prospective studies are needed to understand the effects of adjuvant medical therapy on recurrence after endoscopic dilation.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 134:3260-3266, 2024.
The study involves home-based sleep-wake data collection before and during behavioral intervention, and 3 overnight stays in the hospital. For each hospital stay participants will be asked to arrive in the afternoon, and stay until the next evening. They will be provided dinner on the first day and breakfast, lunch and dinner on the second day. If they are taking any blood pressure medication they will continue to take it through the study. During the in-hospital stays, blood pressure will be measured continuously using two small finger cuffs. In order to monitor and record brain waves to determine sleep and wakefulness, small gold-coated disks called electrodes will be placed on the head and body. Heart rate, blood pressure and brain activity will be recorded for a little over 24 hours on each in-hospital stay. Before as well as during the in-hospital stays questions will be asked about sleep times, subjective sleepiness and other indices relating to well-being.
The study examined whether lateral perturbation training could improve stepping performance and balance in individuals post-stroke. Thirty-one participants with hemiparesis were randomly allocated to PERT (external perturbation) or VOL (voluntary stepping) step training. The PERT and VOL group consisted of 80 step trials predominantly in the lateral direction, with a small proportion of steps in the anterior/posterior direction. Outcome measures based on step type (medial and lateral) included step initiation time, step length, step clearance, step velocity during an induced waist pull perturbation and voluntary step, and clinical balance assessments. The PERT group initiated a lateral step faster with the non-paretic leg during the induced waist pull perturbation step (P = 0.044) than the VOL group after training. Both groups improved the non-paretic step length and step velocity during lateral steps. During the voluntary steps, the PERT group significantly initiated a voluntary step faster. No significant changes were observed in the paretic leg. Both groups significantly improved on the Community Balance & Mobility Scale and Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale. Overall, we demonstrated that an exercise to improve stepping performance with external perturbations might provide more benefits in protective stepping responses than training with voluntary steps for individuals with a stroke.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an oil-in-water type hair cosmetic capable of imparting a moist and smooth touch and good in feeling of use or finish feeling by including one or more kinds of complexes of at least one of an amphoteric surfactant and a semipolar surfactant with a higher fatty acid and one or more kinds of glucomannans. SOLUTION: This hair cosmetic is obtained by including (A) one or more kinds of complexes prepared by mixing (i) at least one of an amphoteric surfactant and a semipolar surfactant with (ii) a higher fatty acid and (B) one or more kinds of glucomannans. For example, the ingredient (i) is an amidobetaine type amphoteric surfactant and, e.g. the ingredient (ii) is lauric acid. The weight ratio of the ingredient (ii) to ingredient (i) is preferably (0.5:9.5) to (5:5) and the complex is preferably contained in an amount of 0.1-30.0 wt.%. The ingredient B has about 1:1.6 ratio of D-glucose to D-mannose, is based on β-1,4-bonds and has preferably 1,000,000-2,000,000 molecular weight. The amount of the contained ingredient B is preferably 0.1-5.0 wt.%.