anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the most common sex-chromosome disorder in men with a prevalence of 1 in 660 men. Men with the syndrome have an additional X-chromosome. The syndrome is associated with cognitive and behavioral dysfunction and also with hypogonadism. Magnetic resonance imaging have pointed to different volumetric alterations in several brain structures. Several genetic factors involving the X-chromosome have been suggested to influence the neuropsychological phenotype in men with KS.

The aim of this study is to investigate the following: 1.Whether KS is associated with altered total and regional brain volumes and altered brain activity. 2.Whether genetic factors influence the neuropsychological phenotype, total and regional brain volumes, and brain activity in men with KS. 3.Whether testosterone treatment improves cognitive skills and change brain activity in men with KS.

Participants are divided in 5 groups: 1. 50 men with KS who receive testosterone treatment. 2. 50 men KS who do not receive testosterone treatment. 3. 100 age-matched control men.4. 50 age-matched control women are included as a control group for X-chromosome inactivation pattern. 5. Parents of KS subjects in group 1 and 2 are included to determine the parental origin of the supernumerary X-chromosome. Methods include a 3-hour battery of standardized neuropsychological tests to cover a broad range of cognitive domains and to assess major domains of personality. We use magnetic resonance imaging to measure total and regional brain volumes and functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure brain activity while subjects are performing a attention-demanding cognitive task. The genetic testing includes the parental origin of the supernumerary X-chromosome, the pattern of X-chromosome inactivation, androgen receptor (AR) CAGn repeat length, and gene expression profile of brain-expressed genes.
These clinical studies are designed to examine the effects of progesterone on IV nicotine induced changes on anterior pituitary (ACTH, LH, and Prolactin) and adrenal hormones (DHEA and cortisol). We also plan to study norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E), because nicotine stimulates rapid release of NE and E in preclinical and clinical studies. The study will examine the acute effects of progesterone on the effects of IV nicotine on the HPG axis. Progesterone's influence on the acute effects of nicotine on the gonadal steroid hormones (estradiol, testosterone, progesterone) are unknown. The effects of progesterone on nicotine induced changes on gonadal steroid hormones and the reciprocal feedback regulation by LH will also be examined. The temporal covariance of progesterone influenced hormonal changes with serum nicotine levels and nicotine-induced changes in subjective states and cardiovascular measures will be analyzed. Finally, the covariance between the effects of progesterone on nicotine-induced changes in endocrine, subjective and cardiovascular effects and the temporal concordance with increases in serum nicotine and cotinine levels will be determined.
High energy pelvic injuries sustain significant mortality rates, due to acute exsanguination and severe associated injuries. Managing the hemodynamically unstable trauma patient with a bleeding pelvic fracture still forms a major challenge in acute trauma care. Various approaches have been applied through the last decades. At present the concept of Damage Control Resuscitation (DCR) is universally accepted and applied in major trauma centers internationally. DCR combines hemostatic blood transfusions to restore blood volume and physiologic stability, reduced crystalloid fluid administration, permissive hypotension, and immediate hemorrhage control by operative or angiographic means. Different detailed algorithms and orders of hemostatic procedures exist, without clear consensus or guidelines, depending on local traditions and institutional setups. Fracture reduction and immediate stabilization with a binder constitute the basis for angiography and embolization (AE) or pelvic packing (PP) in the hemodynamically unstable patient. AE is time consuming and may not be available 24/7, whereas PP offers a quick and technically easy procedure well suited for the patient in extremis. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) has also been described as a valuable adjunct in hemostatic non-responders, but merely constitute a bridge to surgical or angiographic hemostasis and its definitive role in DCR is not yet clearly established. A swift algorithmic approach to the hemodynamically unstable pelvic injury patient is required to achieve optimum results. The present paper summarizes the available literature on the acute management of the bleeding pelvic trauma patient, with emphasis on initial assessment and damage control resuscitation including surgical and angiographic hemostatic procedures. Furthermore, initial treatment of open fractures and associated injuries to the nervous and genitourinary system is outlined.
An epidural catheter was placed at L1-L2 level, and tested, prior to induction. Induction was performed intravenously with fentanyl (1.5mcg•Kg-1), propofol (1.5-2 mg•Kg-1), and rocuronium (0.6 mg•Kg-1). Orotracheal intubation was performed. Prior to skin incision 8 mL of 0.25% levo-bupivacaine were administered epidurally, and a continuous perfusion of 0.125% levo-bupivacaine at 5 mL was started.
The present invention provides a peptide part of the polypeptide of the basically purified promyostatin. For an example, the invention provides a promyostatin polypeptide such as a functional proparea of the promyostatin or a protein hydrolyzing fragment of a mature promyostatin. The present invention furthermore provides a mutant promyostatin polypeptide which can resist the cutting of the protein hydrolyzing, for example cutting to a functional proparea of the promyostatin or a mature promyostatin peptide. The invention also provides a polynucleotide for encoding the peptide part of the polypeptide of the promyostatin. Additionally, the invention also provides an antibody which is specially combined with the peptide part of the promyostatin. The invention further provides a method for determining the functional peptide part of the polypeptide of the promyostatin.
BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a pathological condition characterized by the abnormal clustering of several metabolic components and has become a major public health concern. We aim to investigate the potential link of Systemic immunity-inflammation index (SII) on MetS and its components.
METHODS AND RESULT: Weighted multivariable logistic regression was conducted to assess the relationship between SII and MetS and its components. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) model and threshold effect analysis were also performed. A total of 6,999 U.S. adults were enrolled. Multivariate model found that SII were positively associated with MetS (OR = 1.18;95CI%:1.07-1.30) and hypertension (OR = 1.22; 95CI%:1.12-1.34) in a dose-dependent manner. When SII was converted into a categorical variable, the risk of MetS increased by 36% and the risk of hypertension increased by 53% in the highest quantile of SIIs. The RCS model confirmed linear associations between SII and MetS, as well as a non-linear association between SII and certain components of MetS, including hypertension, hyperglycemia, low HDL, and hyperlipidemia. Meanwhile, the relationship between SII and hypertension presents a J-shaped curve with a threshold of 8.27, above which the risk of hypertension increases. Furthermore, in MetS and hypertension, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and race were not significantly associated with this positive association based on subgroup analyses and interaction tests(p for interaction > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicated that there was a higher SII association with an increased risk of MetS and hypertension in adults. However, further prospective cohort studies are required to establish a causal relationship between SII and MetS, as well as its components.
In patients with malignant biliary stenosis in whom endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERCP) is not feasible , percutaneous transhepatic drainage (PTD) is indicated. Biopsy is required for further management of the patient. In patients unsuitable for biopsy under CT or endoscopic guidance, samples can be collected endobiliary by PTD. The biopsy vie PTD can be sampled either at the initial drainage using disposable 5.2F forceps or delayed after 2 or more days using 7.5F endobiliary forceps. An alternative to this procedure is endobiliary sampling by cryobiopsy using 1.1mm, 1.7mm or 2.4mm catheters. To minimize bias, each patient will be sampled both by cryobiopsy and forceps biopsy. The order of cryobiopsy and forceps biopsy will be randomized.
The present invention discloses a ramulus uncariae cum uncis prescription granule, a preparation method and a quality control method thereof. The preparation method of the invention comprises: extracting ramulus uncariae cum uncis with alcohol under low temperature; extracting with water; decompressing; concentrating; drying with spray and obtaining spray drying powder of ramulus uncariae cum uncis. Ramulus uncariae cum uncis prescription granule is prepared from the spray drying powder of ramulus uncariae cum uncis directly or after being mixed with proper auxiliary material. 1g of ramulus uncariae cum uncis prescription granule of the invention has the same drug effect with 20g of crude drug. The ramulus uncariae cum uncis prescription granule has IR fingerprint spectra as shown in Figure 3. The preparation method of the invention can effectively improve the dissolving of alkaloid in ramulus uncariae cum uncis. The invention adopts IR fingerprint spectra technology to control quality. The quality control method is scientific, advanced and fast and has strong maneuverability.
Pyroptosis is a novel mode for programmed cell death discovered and confirmed in recent years. The Gasdermins (GSDMs) family is a key effector molecule mediating pyroptosis. As an important cause of extensive inflammatory damage and side effects of conventional chemotherapy drugs, anomalous pyroptosis has also been associated with hearing loss, tumor, and disorders of the immune system. The GSDME protein, encoded by the GSDME (DFNA5) gene, belongs to the GSDMs family and is a key factor mediating pyroptosis. Gain-of-function variants of the GSDME gene can lead to GSDME-related hearing loss, which shows an autosomal dominant inheritance. This article has reviewed the role of GSDME-mediated pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of GSDME-related hearing loss, with an aim to provide insights into the treatment of GSDME-related hearing loss.
BACKGROUND: The motivation of caregivers plays a crucial role in the treatment, follow-up, and care of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Previous studies have focused on the older people and end-stage diseases, while giving less attention to the motivation of mothers caring for children with special needs. This study aimed to explore the motivations of mothers caring for children with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Iran.
METHODS: This study employed a qualitative approach, guided by the Self-Determination Theory. Purposeful sampling was initially used, followed by theoretical sampling until data saturation was achieved. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 26 mothers of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Mayring's seven-step directed content analysis approach was utilized for coding and categorization. The research adhered to ethical standards and ensured data trustworthiness through credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability measures.
RESULTS: The findings revealed that mothers' caregiving motivations could be classified into four main categories: (I) intrinsic, (II) identified-extrinsic, (III) introjected-extrinsic, and (IV) external-extrinsic. Additionally, twelve sub-categories were identified within these four main categories.
CONCLUSION: The findings revealed that mothers demonstrated varying levels of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations in caring for children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. By recognizing and enhancing the diverse sources of motivation, healthcare providers and policymakers can better support mothers in their caregiving roles, ultimately contributing to improved outcomes for both the mothers and their children.
BACKGROUND: Diabetic kidney disease is an established risk factor for heart failure. However, the impact of incident heart failure on the subsequent risk of renal failure has not been systematically assessed in diabetic population. We sought to study the risk of progression to end stage kidney disease (ESKD) after incident heart failure in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes.
METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, 1985 outpatients with type 2 diabetes from a regional hospital and a primary care facility in Singapore were followed for a median of 8.6 (interquartile range 6.2-9.6) years. ESKD was defined as a composite of progression to sustained eGFR below 15 ml/min/1.73m2, maintenance dialysis or renal death, whichever occurred first.
RESULTS: 180 incident heart failure events and 181 incident ESKD events were identified during follow-up. Of 181 ESKD events, 38 (21%) occurred after incident heart failure. Compared to those did not progress to ESKD after incident heart failure (n = 142), participants who progressed to ESKD after heart failure occurrence were younger, had higher HbA1c and higher urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio at baseline. The excess risk of ESKD manifested immediately after heart failure occurrence, persisted for two years and was moderated thereafter. Cox regression suggested that, compared to counterparts with no heart failure event, participants with heart failure occurrence had 9.6 (95% CI 5.0- 18.3) fold increased risk for incident ESKD after adjustment for baseline cardio-renal risk factors including eGFR and albuminuria. It appeared that heart failure with preserved ejection fraction had a higher risk for ESKD as compared to those with reduced ejection fraction (adjusted HR 13.7 [6.3-29.5] versus 6.5 [2.3-18.6]).
CONCLUSION: Incident heart failure impinges a high risk for progression to ESKD in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Our data highlight the need for intensive surveillance of kidney function after incident heart failure, especially within the first two years after heart failure diagnosis.
The treatment of epilepsy, the second most common chronic neurological disorder, is often complicated by the failure of patients to respond to medication. Treatment failure with anti-seizure medications is often due to the presence of non-epileptic seizures. Distinguishing non-epileptic from epileptic seizures requires an expensive and time-consuming analysis of electroencephalograms (EEGs) recorded in an epilepsy monitoring unit. Machine learning algorithms have been used to detect seizures from EEG, typically using EEG waveform analysis. We employed an alternative approach, using a convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning using MobileNetV2 to emulate the real-world visual analysis of EEG images by epileptologists. A total of 5359 EEG waveform plot images from 107 adult subjects across two epilepsy monitoring units in separate medical facilities were divided into epileptic and non-epileptic groups for training and cross-validation of the CNN. The model achieved an accuracy of 86.9% (Area Under the Curve, AUC 0.92) at the site where training data were extracted and an accuracy of 87.3% (AUC 0.94) at the other site whose data were only used for validation. This investigation demonstrates the high accuracy achievable with CNN analysis of EEG plot images and the robustness of this approach across EEG visualization software, laying the groundwork for further subclassification of seizures using similar approaches in a clinical setting.
The elderly population is rapidly increasing, but studies on calorie requirement in critically ill elderly patients are few, and indirect calorimetry (IC) is not available in every intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of this study was to compare IC and Harris-Benedict (HB) predictive equation in different BMI (body mass index) groups. And to investigate whether the nutrition intake from EN (enteral nutrition) and PN (parenteral nutrition) created a better clinical outcome than EN alone in HNR (high nutritional risk) mechanically ventilated critically ill elderly patients.Inclusion criteria were: age ≧65 years old, APACHE Π score ≧15, mechanical ventilation ≧48 hours and on NG tube feeding. Nutritional risk was screened by mNUTRIC and GNRI. Indirect calorimetry and HB equation were used to assess energy requirements. Patients were randomized 1:1 to two tube feeding regimens: general formula and high protein formula (1.5\~2.0 gm/kg BW). Nutritional intake from EN, the type and amount of intravenous nutrition within 7 days, tolerance to feeding, MVD (Mechanical Ventilation Day), newly diagnosed VAP (Ventilator Associated Pneumonia), ICU and hospital LOS (Length of Stay) and date of death were recorded. We used SAS version 9.4 for statistical analysis. Statistically significance was set at α=0.05.
In an aspect a system for osteoporosis monitoring is presented. A system includes a computing device. A computing device is configured to measure osseous tissue data of a user through an osseous measurement device. A computing device is configured to determine a current osteoporosis state of a user as a function of measured osseous tissue data of a user. A computing device is configured to predict an advancement of a current state of osteoporosis of a user. A computing device is configured to generate an osteoporosis recovery program for the user. A computing device is configured to display an osteoporosis recovery program to a user. A computing device is configured to receive, through a remote computing device, physiological data of a user. A computing device is configured to update an osteoporosis recovery program.
The Global Vascular Guideline on chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) recommends using the Global Limb Anatomic Staging System (GLASS) to assess the severity of infrainguinal disease in CLTI patients. GLASS staging involves scoring the femoropopliteal (FP) and infrapopliteal (IP) segments separately. For IP segment scoring, the target artery path (TAP) is identified by the clinician based on either the least diseased or the recanalized IP path. However, this approach may lead to diverse GLASS staging results, especially for simple lesions below the knee. Additionally, the current version of GLASS does not account for multivessel IP revascularization, which may introduce subjective bias if a physician chooses different IP targets during multiple revascularization procedures.

In order to improve our understanding of the current staging system, the investigators will establish a prospective registry that collects data on conservative patients who have Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia (CLTI) and undergo endovascular therapy for infrainguinal lesions. To evaluate the stage of the lesions, the investigators will use two distinct IP scoring techniques. One approach will be based on the least disease IP path as identified by the pre-interventional angiogram, while the second technique will be based on the recanalized IP path preferred by the clinician. This scoring will be carried out by experienced physicians and the results will be recorded in an electronic database. Then the correlation between the major adverse limb events (such as clinical-driven target limb revascularization, major amputation, and all-cause death) with the patient's Wound, Ischemia, foot Infection (WIFI) classification, GLASS anatomic staging, calcification severity, and modified Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) run-off score will be analyzed.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a biocompatible polymer drug. Pyrrolidone is subjected to an atom transfer radical polymerization reaction to obtain poly pyrrolidone. Benzyl aspartate carboxylic acid anhydride is subjected to a ring-opening polymerization reaction to obtain poly(benzyl aspartate) ester. The poly(benzyl aspartate) ester is grafted to doxorubicin through a hydrazone bond. The poly pyrrolidone is bonded to the poly(benzyl aspartate) ester in a manner of click chemistry to obtain a block copolymer. The block copolymer is respectively dissolved in tetrahydrofuran to obtain a solution. The solution is transferred to a dialysis bag for carrying out a dialysis process through pure water to obtain a dialysate which is filtered through a filter membrane. A freeze drying process is carried out to the filtered solution to obtain a drug carrier micelle. The drug carrier micelle has a core-shell double-layer structure with an external layer being hydrophilic polypyrrolidone and an internal layer being drug molecule wrapping layer. The drug carrier micelle has advantages of belonging to nano particles and enabling a targeting transmission of a drug to cancer cells and a pH-sensitive releasing process in the cancer cells to be achieved. The drug carrier micelle is large in drug carrying capacity and good in stability. A targeting function of the drug carrier micelle can effectively reduce toxic and side effects of drugs on normal tissues and organs.
A fudosteine solution preparation for inhalation, a preparation method therefor and the use thereof, which belong to the field of pharmaceutical preparations. The concentration of fudosteine in the solution preparation for inhalation is 25-300 mg/mL. The fudosteine solution preparation for inhalation is an aerosol inhalation solution, which contains fudosteine with a specific concentration. The preparation has a good aerosol forming property, and can be effectively deposited at the drug effect site of the respiratory tract, so as to achieve the optimal drug concentration, and overcome the problem of the aerosol of the fudosteine aerosol inhalation preparation in the prior art not being able to achieve the optimal inhalation treatment effect, such that the drug efficacy of the preparation is better. In addition, compared with oral administration, the preparation has a higher drug distribution in the respiratory system at the same dose, a better phlegm-removing effect, and a low system exposure and better safety. The fudosteine solution preparation for inhalation has a better application prospect.
Methods for forming useful films using recombinant spider silk protein are discussed. In one embodiment, the method involves dissolving silk protein in a sufficient quantity to form a film suspended in a solvent. The solution is then mixed with a compound selected from water, acids, imidazole crosslinking agents, antibiotics, nanoparticles, surfactants and combinations thereof. Solubilisation of the protein in the solution is effected by microwave exposure. Once solubilized the microwave treated solution is poured onto a suitable substrate and dried in order to result in the final film, the protein may be plant, mammal or bacterially derived. The film has widespread use and can be combined with any one of a number of substrates, examples of which include: a cosmetic composition; a pharmaceutical or medical composition, drug delivery system, artificial cell, contact lens coating, sustained-release drug delivery system, artificial skin graft; food composition; automotive part; aeronautic component; computer or data storage device, building material, textile, filter material, membrane material, nanomaterial, electronic component and combinations thereof.