anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
In the sham group, abdominal functional electrical stimulation (FES) will be set to cause sensory stimulation but no muscle contraction. Abdominal FES will be applied with a frequency of 30 hertz (Hz), a pulse width of 350 µs and a stimulation amplitude that does not cause abdominal wall muscle contraction. The stimulation amplitude will initially be set at 10 mA and reduced in steps of 2 milliamp (mA) until no muscle contraction is seen.
The Introductory session covers the 12-Step view of addiction and therapy overview. The manual, originally developed for individual sessions, has been adapted for group delivery. The eight selected sessions include four topics chosen by the manual developers as core topics and four elective topics. The intervention involves helping participants understand and incorporate core principles of 12-Step approaches while encouraging active participation in 12-Step meetings and related activities. The primary goal is to promote abstinence by facilitating the patient's acceptance and surrender of addiction. Sessions begin with a check-in during which participants introduce themselves, report on meeting attendance and participation in related activities, any alcohol/drug use or craving to use. The remainder of the session focuses on discussion of the topic content followed by a "take home" summary and homework assignment.
It is now found that p53 tumor suppressor protein can be activated by the inhibition of the function of synoviolin. A substance capable of inhibiting the function of synoviolin is useful as a therapeutic agent for cancer. It is also found that the inhibition of the function of synoviolin leads to the inhibition of the ubiquitination of p53, the increase in the activity of phosphorylated p53 protein and the like. Based on these findings, a method is provided which can screen a therapeutic agent for cancer with good efficiency. Further, it is also found that the proliferation of a rheumatoid synovial cell can be suppressed by controlling the autoubiquitination of synoviolin protein. A substance capable of controlling the autoubiquitination of synoviolin protein is useful as an anti-rheumatic agent. Also provided is a method for screening an anti-rheumatic agent with good efficiency.
Asthma is more common in males until puberty but becomes more prevalent and more severe in females after puberty suggesting a protective action of male sex hormones. ILC2 have recently emerged as critical players in the initiation of allergic responses. The present team established that androgens, signaling through the nuclear receptor 3 C4 (NR3C4) androgen receptor (AR), negatively control ILC2 at steady state and during lung inflammation. Relevant to this application, females with asthma have more circulating ILC2 than males. The present hypothesis is that harnessing AR signaling in ILC2 may provide a new therapeutic approach to down regulate tissue resident ILC2. This project will analyze the sex bias in circulating ILC2 in female and male patients with moderate to severe asthma. In females with asthma, the team will purify circulating ILC2 from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and expand them in vitro using cytokines and stromal cells in the presence of AR antagonist or agonist ligands. Bulk ILC2 cultures at day 7 will used to measure the expression profile of various gene, including AR.
Lumbar medial branch radiofrequency neurotomy (RFN), a common treatment for chronic low back pain due to facet joint osteoarthritis (FJOA), may amplify paraspinal muscle atrophy due to denervation. This study aimed to investigate the asymmetry of paraspinal muscle morphology change in patients undergoing unilateral lumbar medial branch RFN. Data from patients who underwent RFN between March 2016 and October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Lumbar foramina stenosis (LFS), FJOA, and fatty infiltration (FI) functional cross-sectional area (fCSA) of the paraspinal muscles were assessed on preinterventional and minimum 2-year postinterventional MRI. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests compared measurements between sides. A total of 51 levels of 24 patients were included in the analysis, with 102 sides compared. Baseline MRI measurements did not differ significantly between the RFN side and the contralateral side. The RFN side had a higher increase in multifidus FI (+4.2% [0.3-7.8] vs +2.0% [-2.2 to 6.2], P = 0.005) and a higher decrease in multifidus fCSA (-60.9 mm 2 [-116.0 to 10.8] vs -19.6 mm 2 [-80.3 to 44.8], P = 0.003) compared with the contralateral side. The change in erector spinae FI and fCSA did not differ between sides. The RFN side had a higher increase in multifidus muscle atrophy compared with the contralateral side. The absence of significant preinterventional degenerative asymmetry and the specificity of the effect to the multifidus muscle suggest a link to RFN. These findings highlight the importance of considering the long-term effects of lumbar medial branch RFN on paraspinal muscle health.
The course and outcome of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is determined by both host and viral factors, none of which have been well defined. In this study, we will follow and assess patients who are occupationally exposed to HCV for viral and immunologic factors that may relate to disease outcome. This protocol is mostly a sample acquisition protocol to support laboratory research. Patients will be interviewed and have blood (and lymphocytes) taken as soon as possible after exposure and again after 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 and 48 weeks. Virological markers, serum antibodies and both CD4 and CD8 T cell responses to HCV will be monitored. Persons who develop hepatitis C will be referred for therapy or enrolled in therapeutic trials currently in place at the National Institutes of Health. These studies will help define the relative roles of virological and immunological factors in determining the course and outcome of HCV infection.
AIMS: While heart failure (HF) symptoms are associated with adverse prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI), they are not routinely used for patients' stratification. The primary objective of this study was to develop and validate a score to predict mortality risk after MI, combining remotely recorded HF symptoms and clinical risk factors, and to compare it against the guideline-recommended Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score.
METHODS AND RESULTS: A cohort study design using prospectively collected data from consecutive patients hospitalized for MI at a large tertiary heart centre between June 2017 and September 2022 was used. Data from 1135 patients (aged 64 ± 12 years, 26.7% women), were split into derivation (70%) and validation cohort (30%). Components of the 23-item Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire and clinical variables were used as possible predictors. The best model included the following variables: age, HF history, admission creatinine and heart rate, ejection fraction at hospital discharge, and HF symptoms 1 month after discharge including walking impairment, leg swelling, and change in HF symptoms. Based on these variables, the PragueMi score was developed. In the validation cohort, the PragueMi score showed superior discrimination to the GRACE score for 6 months [the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) 90.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 81.8-98.4 vs. 77.4, 95% CI 62.2-92.5, P = 0.04) and 1-year risk prediction (AUC 89.7, 95% CI 83.5-96.0 vs. 76.2, 95% CI 64.7-87.7, P = 0.004).
CONCLUSION: The PragueMi score combining HF symptoms and clinical variables performs better than the currently recommended GRACE score.
Bed rest with head of bed at 0 degrees for 48h. Subdural drains will be removed past 48 hours of surgery.
Atorvastatin 10-20 mg for 18 months of treatment. Start dose is 10 mg, adjusted to 20 mg after 15-30 days if no sideeffects occurs.
Phase II. Subjects with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic, microsatellite instability high (MSI-H) or dMMR CRC who are eligible for anti-PD-1 1st line of treatment. Subjects will be randomized with an allocation ratio 2:1 to Nous-209 vaccine plus Keytruda® (pembrolizumab) combination therapy versus pembrolizumab monotherapy.
Methotrexate will be dosed weekly. Methotrexate is given as a single, weekly dose and is will be started at 15mg after a first week test dose of 2.5 mg to minimize side effects and achieve efficacy. Weekly dosages will be 15mg.
Cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil. Cisplatin: 60mg per square metre on day 1 and 5-fluorouracil 3750mg per square metre, civ 120 hours every 3 weeks till progression or at most 6 cycles.
The standard treatment for locally advanced colon cancer is complete mesocolic excision (CME) followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. The MOSAIC and 16968 studies have shown that about 30% of patients experience recurrence and metastasis within 6-7 years after surgery. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy may improve the prognosis of colon cancer patients. The significant tumor remission after neoadjuvant therapy probably indicates a better long-term survival for patients. The OPTICAL and Fluoropyrimidine Oxaliplatin and Targeted Receptor Pre-Operative Therapy (FoxTROT) studies have shown that approximately 35% of patients are resistant to oxaliplatin-containing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, with a pathological complete response (pCR) rate of less than 10% and uncertain survival improvement. Moreover, previous study shown that immunotherapy has unsatisfied efficacy for microsatellite stable (MSS) colon cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to explore more effective neoadjuvant treatment strategy for tumor therapy.

Immunogenic cell death will be enhanced by oxaliplatin-induced immunogenicity and combined with anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibodies for neoadjuvant therapy. The study will conduct 2 or 4 cycles of Tislelizumab with Oxaliplatin and Capecitabine, followed by CME surgery. The study's primary endpoint is the proportion of pCR in the pathological specimens of surgically resected tumors.
Arm 3 will consist of administration of a single oral dose of letrozole (2.5 mg) to the same 16 subjects who participate in Arm 2. Blood and urine will be collected from 0-240 hours and 0-24 hours, respectively, relative to letrozole administration. Participants will undergo a washout of at least 14 days before beginning Arm 4.
The effects of diclofenac sodium topical solution on platelet function were studied in 10 healthy subjects administered 80 drops four times a day for 7 days. There was no significant change in platelet aggregation following one week of treatment [see  Clinical Pharmacology (12.4)]. 

Anemia is sometimes seen in patients receiving NSAIDs. This may be due to fluid retention, occult or gross GI blood loss, or an incompletely described effect upon erythropoiesis. Check hemoglobin or hematocrit of patients on diclofenac sodium topical solution if they exhibit any signs or symptoms of anemia or blood loss.

NSAIDs inhibit platelet aggregation and have been shown to prolong bleeding time in some patients. Unlike aspirin, their effect on platelet function is quantitatively less, of shorter duration and reversible. Carefully monitor patients receiving diclofenac sodium topical solution who may be adversely affected by alteration in platelet function, such as those with coagulation disorders or patients receiving anticoagulants.
Participants with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) will be invited to perform physical activity according to a predefined intervention program. This program includes walking and weekly remote adapted physical activity sessions (2 sessions per week, the duration and difficulty of which will be adapted by the adapted physical activity \[APA\] trainer according to the Participant's abilities).
BACKGROUND: COPD management and therapy have been periodically revised to support a more patient-specific approach. Several concerns remain in primary care, such as the proper choice of initial treatment, medication adherence, and missing values for spirometry investigations. These concerns may be exacerbated by inconsistencies between the GOLD23 report and reimbursement criteria, as per the Italian NOTA99, especially for what concerns the assessment of disease severity and related treatment choice. We therefore examined the perception and knowledge of general practitioners (GPs) on COPD management and treatment.
METHODS: We conducted an exploratory e-Delphi study among 600 GPs. The study examined the COPD-related GP's access to spirometry evaluations in primary care clinics; knowledge on early recognition of COPD and related clinical concerns; perception of the clinical application of the NOTA99; the place in therapy of the triple LABA/LAMA/ICS combination.
RESULTS: Among 466 participating GPs (response rate: 70.3%; mean age 52, SD: 14.2; mean years of experience: 21.3, SD: 15) had a good level of knowledge about the GOLD 2023 document and the reimbursement criteria for COPD medications. Nevertheless, a low (34%) direct access to spirometry was reported, along with absence of consensus on the proper choice of initial treatment (especially of use of LABA/LAMA combination), and the re-evaluation of free-triple therapy LABA/LAMA/ICS through specialist's referral.
CONCLUSIONS: This study captured the domains on which further training for GPs might be implemented to improve the management and treatment of COPD. An extension of this e-Delphi to a larger GPs' panel might further confirm these findings.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. The role of metformin in reducing cardiovascular events is well-established, but its effect on coronary artery inflammation in T2DM patients is still unclear. In this study, we evaluated 547 T2DM patients who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) at Wuhan Central Hospital. Using propensity score matching, we compared the attenuation of pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT), an imaging marker of coronary artery inflammation, between patients treated with and without metformin. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the influence of metformin on PCAT attenuation. The results of the propensity-matched analysis showed that patients on metformin therapy had significantly lower PCAT attenuation, indicating reduced coronary inflammation. Specifically, the PCAT attenuation in the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and right coronary artery (RCA) was lower in the metformin group compared to the non-metformin group. Metformin use was independently associated with decreased LAD-PCAT attenuation in the multivariate regression analysis. The association of metformin with PCAT attenuation differed significantly in populations analyzed in subgroups of patients with obesity and chronic kidney disease. In conclusion, our study shows a preliminary signal that metformin therapy may be associated with decreased coronary artery inflammation in T2DM patients, as indicated by PCAT attenuation on CCTA. And this correlation may vary depending on the patient population. This initial finding suggests that PCAT attenuation could be potentially used as an imaging biomarker to monitor the anti-inflammatory effects of medication.
Elderly patients with poor cardiopulmonary reserve tend to suffer higher risk and develop more complications following major surgery \[1\]. Quite a few researches have shown the benefits of goal-directed therapy(GDT) using fluid loading or inotropic agents or both to improve outcome during major surgery \[2-7\]. The maintenance of adequate tissue perfusion and global oxygen delivery (DO2I) is essential to maintain adequate tissue perfusion and oxygenation in relation to increased metabolic demand during high risk surgery. However, there is concern that inotropic therapy for a supernormal oxygen delivery may lead to an increased incidence of myocardial ischemia \[8\]. Even though the meta-analysis has stated that DO2I optimization could possibly reduce the incidence of cardiac complication than stroke volume optimization strategy \[9\],there are very few evidence available in the literature regarding the effect on myocardial ischemia in surgical patients, especially in non-cardiac surgical patients. This study is undertaken to test the hypothesis that an intraoperative DO2I optimization result in a decreased myocardial ischemia in the elderly high-risk surgical patients. The investigators will conduct a prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial in seventy patients who scheduled for proximal femur surgery under General anesthesia following nerve block. Both the patients will be allocated to one of two equal groups to receive either intraoperative fluid regimen guided by SV strategy or DO2I strategy. In the control(SV) group, the patients will receive an intravenous infusion of 250 ml Ringer's lactate solution in 5 min as a fluid challenge for stroke volume maximization. In the experimental(DO2I) group, fluid and dobutamine will be given to reach a stroke volume maximization and supernormal oxygen delivery. The primary outcome is preoperative and 24h postoperative serum concentration of troponin T. Secondary outcomes include the incidence of tachycardia, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, pneumonedema and acute heart failure, blood pressure, pulmonary infection, fluid volume, blood transfusion volume, renal function, PONV, Length of postoperative hospital stay and mortality. Data will be collected and recorded by the clinical teams who are blind to study arm allocation.
BACKGROUND: Surgical resection is the most effective method for craniopharyngioma, with complex operations and a high incidence of complications, especially for complex craniopharyngioma. The study focuses on selecting a proper surgical method to treat complex craniopharyngioma. A clinical study was conducted in this direction to explore the efficacy of expanded endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach (EETS) and transcranial approach (TCA) in the treatment of complex craniopharyngioma and their effects on pituitary function and complications of patients.
METHODS: The clinical data of 73 patients with complex craniopharyngioma in Baoding No.2 Central Hospital from December 2017 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. 13 patients who did not meet the admission criteria were excluded, and 60 patients were finally included. The included patients were divided into the TCA and EETS groups according to the treatment method. The surgical conditions, total tumor resection rate, clinical remission rate, and complications of patients in two groups were compared. The pituitary function of all patients, including thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and human growth hormone (hGH), was compared.
RESULTS: A total of 60 patients were finally included in the study, including 30 cases in the EETS group and 30 cases in the TCA group. The two groups had no statistical difference in baseline demographic characteristics and pathological types (p > 0.05). Compared with the TCA group, the EETS group had less intraoperative blood loss, operation time, tumor resection time, and hospitalization time (p < 0.001) and had a significantly higher total tumor resection rate and clinical remission rate (p < 0.05). The EETS group had higher ACTH and hGH levels than the TCA group (p < 0.05). There was no statistical difference between the two groups incidence of complications and disease recurrence rate (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The craniopharyngioma resection via EETS has a significant therapeutic effect in complex craniopharyngioma with a high total tumor resection rate and clinical remission rate, which can protect the pituitary function of patients and provide more benefits for patients.
Acid-related dyspepsia is common among the population. Number of these patients may have so severe symptoms that can lead them to the emergency department. Mixtures of antacid and antispasmodic were widely used over decades to relieve this acute pain with moderate, yet questionable, improvement in pain score. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), the novel acid-lowering agents, are undoubtedly effective to reduce acid secretion and control dyspeptic symptoms in short-term and long-term duration. To our knowledge, no previous study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of such agents on immediate pain relief in patients with severe dyspeptic symptoms in emergency care. Clinically, they are frequently used to treat this circumstance in an unofficial manner since intravenous proton pump inhibitor alone is not yet considered as a well-approved indication to alleviate such condition. Pantoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, reaches its peak serum concentration within one hour and its acid-lowering effect occurred within first hour following a single intravenous infusion. Thus, it theoretically has rapid onset and prolonged action on acid reduction. Our primary aim of the study is to evaluate the immediate effect of intravenous pantoprazole in addition to the combination of oral antacid and antispasmodic agent (the conventional regimen) on the relief of severe acid-related dyspeptic pain.
Tinnitus is a common health condition, affecting approximately 15% of the UK population. The tinnitus treatment with the strongest evidence base is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), with standard tinnitus therapy typically augmented with education, relaxation and other techniques. Availability of CBT and conventional tinnitus therapy more broadly is limited for tinnitus sufferers. The DEFINE trial aims to assess whether smartphone-delivered tinnitus therapy, the Oto app, is as effective as current standard care, one-to-one therapist-delivered tinnitus treatment for the treatment of tinnitus in adults. The trial is registered in the ISRCTN Registry: ISRCTN99577932. DEFINE is an open-label, non-inferiority, prospective, parallel design, randomised-controlled trial. Recruitment, interventions and assessments will be remote, enabling UK-wide participant involvement. 198 participants aged 18 years or more will be recruited via social media advertisement or via primary care physicians. A screening process will identify those with tinnitus that impacts health-related quality of life, and following consent smartphone-based audiometry will be performed. Randomisation 1:1 to the Oto app or one-to-one therapist-led tinnitus therapy will be performed centrally by computer, matching groups for age, sex and hearing level. Following participant allocation, the Oto app will be provided for immediate use, or a one-to-one remote therapy appointment booked to occur within approximately 1 week, with up to 6 sessions delivered. Participant outcomes will be collected at 4,12, 26 and 52 weeks via questionnaire and phone call. The primary outcome is the change in Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) total score measured at 26 weeks following allocation. Adverse events will be recorded. A health economic evaluation in the form of a cost-utility analysis will be performed using data from participant submitted EuroQol 5D-5L and Health Utilities Index Mark 3 scores and resource use data. Trial results will be made publicly available, including a plain English summary.
Participants will receive intranasal spray of 0.2 milliliter (mL) (total dose in both nostrils) FluMist trivalent vaccine on Days 1 and 28. Each 0.2 mL dose contained 10\^7±0.5 fluorescent focus units (FFU) of each vaccine strain. Strains included in the trivalent vaccine were: A/H1N1 (A/Bolivia/559/2013), A/H3N2 (A/Switzerland/9715293/2013), and B/Phuket/3073/2013 (B/Yamagata-lineage).