anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a rare but serious condition associated with significant morbidity.
OBJECTIVE: This review provides a focused assessment of MS for emergency clinicians, including the presentation, evaluation, and emergency department (ED) management based on current evidence.
DISCUSSION: MS is an autoimmune disorder targeting the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by clinical relapses and radiological lesions disseminated in time and location. Patients with MS most commonly present with long tract signs (e.g., myelopathy, asymmetric spastic paraplegia, urinary dysfunction, Lhermitte's sign), optic neuritis, or brainstem syndromes (bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia). Cortical syndromes or multifocal presentations are less common. Radiologically isolated syndrome and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) may or may not progress to chronic forms of MS, including relapsing remitting MS, primary progressive MS, and secondary progressive MS. The foundation of outpatient management involves disease-modifying therapy, which is typically initiated with the first signs of disease onset. Management of CIS and acute flares of MS in the ED includes corticosteroid therapy, ideally after diagnostic testing with imaging and lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Emergency clinicians should evaluate whether patients with MS are presenting with new-onset debilitating neurological symptoms to avoid unnecessary testing and admissions, but failure to appropriately diagnose CIS or MS flare is associated with increased morbidity.
CONCLUSIONS: An understanding of MS can assist emergency clinicians in better diagnosing and managing this neurologically devastating disease.
Evidence suggests that Weber B ankle fractures should be treated nonoperatively if the ankle mortise is stable. Stability is maintained if the deltoid ligament is intact, also known as a Weber B/SER2 injury. Functional orthosis treatment is advised for these injuries. Recently, authors have demonstrated that the fractured ankle can be functionally stable even with a partial deltoid ligament injury. Our interpretation of a partial deltoid ligament injury is when weightbearing radiographs indicate stability (no increase in medial clear space), while concomitant gravity stress radiographs indicate instability (due to increase in medial clear space). It is suggested that this is referred to as a Weber B/SER4a injury. Although now considered for nonoperative treatment, partially unstable/SER4a injuries were traditionally treated operatively. Today, the superiority of one method of nonoperative treatment over another for partially unstable/SER4a injuries remains unclear. Some authors advocate cast immobilization while others have shown good outcomes after inconsistently using different orthoses and cast devices. The argument for cast immobilization appears to be a fear of posttraumatic osteoarthritis because of potential recurrent instability. As a result, cast immobilization of partially unstable/SER4a fractures is implemented in reference European guidelines, and thus must be considered the reference treatment. To our knowledge, no study has documented increased prevalence of osteoarthritis associated with functional treatment of partially unstable/SER4a fractures. The use of cast immobilization remains a precautionary principle, but the choice is not so clear cut because cast immobilization comes with an increased risk of joint stiffness and thromboembolic complications. Long-term radiographic and patient-reported outcome data evaluating possible non-inferiority of functional orthosis treatment compared to cast immobilization will assist in guiding future treatment strategies of these common fractures.
All participants are given Atorvastatin 80mg as part of their standard care. The main study intervention is blood samples at days 1-2, 3-4 and 7-8.
FIELD: cosmetic compositions. SUBSTANCE: described are new titanium dioxide particles having sun-protecting properties. Metal oxide, hydroxide or oxohydroxide is deposited onto surface of titanium anataze. Titanium dioxide particle size is not greater than 100 nm, specific BET surface is not less than 200 sq.m/g, and density is 2.5. As result, new titanium dioxide particles with particle size of not greater than 100 nm are obtained. These particles are coated with layer of metal oxide, hydroxide or oxohydroxide and have BET surface of least 70 sq.m/g and density of 2.2. These particles are integral components of new sun-protective compositions. Titanium dioxide content in composition is at least 1% or hot higher than 25%. EFFECT: improved properties of titanium dioxide particles. 19 c, 4 ex, 4 tbl
A modified opioid is provided comprising modified morphine molecules, wherein for each morphine molecule, one or more carbon atoms are replaced with silicon atoms. Preferably, for each morphine molecule, one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by lithium atoms. More preferably, for each morphine molecule, one or more Si-Si bonds are replaced with siloxane groups. Most preferably, for each morphine molecule, one or more silicon-silicon double bonds may be replaced with a Si-Si single bond and a Si-Li single bond. A method is further provided for modifying an opioid comprising morphine molecules, said method comprising the step of replacing one or more carbon atoms with silicon atoms. It is hypothesised that a synthetic silicon opioid would be able to mimic the naturally occurring opioid.
BACKGROUND: Chondroblastomas are uncommon primary bone tumors localized in long bone epiphyses in children and young adults. The risk of metastasis is rare, but they have a high capacity for local recurrence. Surgical curettage with bone grafting or bone substitute is the preferred treatment.
METHODS: We performed an observational retrospective study of chondroblastomas treated in 2 hospitals in Barcelona from 1988 to 2018. We reviewed the location of the tumor, clinical presentation, imaging, histopathology, initial treatment, and cases of recurrence with a review of their treatment. We assessed the correlation between recurrence and index surgery, anatomic location, and certain histopathologic findings (presence of mitotic figures, necrosis, and positivity for protein S-100).
RESULTS: The series included 55 patients treated from 1988 to 2018, with ages ranging from 6 to 26, and a mean follow-up of 6.1 years (±3.7). The most common location was the distal femur metaphyseal/epiphyseal region. The most frequent clinical presentation was pain in the affected. Forty-five cases (81.8%) were treated with curettage of the tumor, and 4 cases (7.3%) with a wide resection. Forty-two cases (85.7%) received bone substitutes after curettage or resection. We found 5 cases of recurrence (9.1% recurrence rate); however, we could not find a statistically significant correlation between index surgery and recurrence ( P =0.24), anatomic location and recurrence ( P =0.49), or recurrence and histopathologic findings (mitotic figures, P =0.49; necrosis, P =0.60; positivity for protein S-100, P =0.52). In all the cases the treatment for the local recurrence was surgical, with a final healing rate of 100%.
CONCLUSIONS: Chondroblastomas should be considered in children and adolescents when presenting with pain and an image suggestive of a tumoral lesion on plain x-ray, most frequently in epiphyses of long bones.Surgical treatment is preferred, obtaining good results after curettage and bone substitute. Chondroblastomas are tumors with a high capacity for recurrence, therefore an adequate surgical technique and surgeon experience are paramount to achieve good outcomes.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV (case series). Therapeutic studies-investigating results or treatment.
BACKGROUND: Radioactive tracer injections for breast cancer sentinel lymph node mapping can be painful. In this randomized trial, we compared four approaches to topical pain control for radiotracer injections.
METHODS: Breast cancer patients were randomized (9 April 2021-8 May 2022) to receive the institutional standard of ice prior to injection (n = 44), or one of three treatments: ice plus a vibrating distraction device (Buzzy®; n = 39), 4% lidocaine patch (n = 44), or 4% lidocaine patch plus ice plus Buzzy® (n = 40). Patients completed the Wong-Baker FACES® pain score (primary outcome) and a satisfaction with pain control received scale (secondary). Nuclear medicine technologists (n = 8) rated perceived pain control and ease of administration for each patient. At study conclusion, technologists rank-ordered treatments. Data were analyzed as intention-to-treat. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to compare pain scores of control versus pooled treatment arms (primary) and then control to each treatment arm individually (secondary).
RESULTS: There were no differences in pain scores between the control and treatment groups, both pooled and individually. Eighty-five percent of patients were 'satisfied/very satisfied' with treatment received, with no differences between groups. No differences in providers' perceptions of pain were observed, although providers perceived treatments involving Buzzy© more difficult to administer (p < 0.001). Providers rated lidocaine patch as the easiest, with ice being second.
CONCLUSION: In this randomized trial, no differences in patient-reported pain or satisfaction with treatment was observed between ice and other topical treatments. Providers found treatments using Buzzy® more difficult to administer. Given patient satisfaction and ease of administration, ice is a reasonable standard.
Secretin was - as the first hormone - identified in 19021, but was not isolated until the 1960s. Secretin is produced in and secreted form small intestinal S cells. In the 1970s, the primary endocrine effects of secretin were unequivocally confirmed, namely potentiation of bicarbonate and pepsin secretion from the pancreas as well as stimulation of bile production in the liver. In the 1990s, the biosynthesis of secretin was delineated and its receptor was discovered. In the 2000s the pancreatic regulation of intestinal pH was shown to be secretin-mediated. As of last year, new insight into the function of secretin was brought about as rodent studies showed secretin to possess potential body weight-regulating effects. In these studies, secretin was shown to increase non-shivering thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT), decrease meal size and promote meal discontinuation.

The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of a 5-hour intravenous infusion with the naturally occurring hormone secretin on ad libitum food intake (primary endpoint) compared to a double-blinded placebo (isotonic saline) infusion in 25 healthy young males.
A method of treating viral infections, particularly Hepatitis B (HBV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infections, by administering Elvucitabine and a second active agent to a patient suffering viral infection is provided herein. The second active agent is, for example, an immunomodulatory compound, an anti-viral agent, or a combination comprising one or more of the foregoing active agents. For example the anti-viral agent may be a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, a CCR5 inhibitor, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, a protease inhibitor, an integrase inhibitor. Further provided herein are combination dosage forms comprising Elvucitabine and a second active agent. The combination dosage may be administered once per day. The Elvucitabine may be administered less frequently than the second active agent. Packaged pharmaceutical compositions comprising Elvucitabine, a second active agent, and instructions for using the composition for treating a viral infection by administering Elvucitabine and the second active agent are also provided.
Although manifesting contrasting phenotypes, Parkinson's disease and dystonia, the two most common movement disorders, can originate from similar pathophysiology. Previously, we demonstrated that lesioning (silencing) of a discrete dorsal region in the globus pallidus (rodent equivalent to globus pallidus externa) in rats and produced parkinsonism, while lesioning a nearby ventral hotspot-induced dystonia. Presently, we injected fluorescent-tagged multi-synaptic tracers into these pallidal hotspots (n = 36 Long Evans rats) and permitted 4 days for the viruses to travel along restricted connecting pathways and reach the motor cortex before sacrificing the animals. Viral injections in the Parkinson's hotspot fluorescent labeled a circumscribed region in the secondary motor cortex, while injections in the dystonia hotspot labeled within the primary motor cortex. Custom probability mapping and N200 staining affirmed the segregation of the cortical territories for Parkinsonism and dystonia to the secondary and primary motor cortices. Intracortical microstimulation localized territories specifically to their respective rostral and caudal microexcitable zones. Parkinsonian features are thus explained by pathological signaling within a secondary motor subcircuit normally responsible for initiation and scaling of movement, while dystonia is explained by abnormal (and excessive) basal ganglia signaling directed at primary motor corticospinal transmission.
OBJECTIVES: The black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) is an endangered mammal for which a captive breeding program is part of the conservation effort. Black rhinos in zoo's often suffer from chronic infections and heamochromatosis. Furthermore, breeding is hampered by low male fertility. To aid a research project studying these topics, we sequenced and assembled the genome of a captive male black rhino using ONT sequencing data only.
DATA DESCRIPTION: This work produced over 100 Gb whole genome sequencing reads from whole blood. These were assembled into a 2.47 Gb draft genome consisting of 834 contigs with an N50 of 29.53 Mb. The genome annotation was lifted over from an available genome annotation for black rhino, which resulted in the retrieval of over 99% of gene features. This new genome assembly will be a valuable resource in for conservation genetic research in this species.
1. Monitoring – Careful monitoring of the following indices is necessary during dopamine HCl infusion, as with any adrenergic agent: blood pressure, urine flow, and, when possible, cardiac output and pulmonary wedge pressure. 
  2. Hypovolemia – Prior to treatment with dopamine HCl, hypovolemia should be fully corrected, if possible, with either whole blood or plasma as indicated. Monitoring of central venous pressure or left ventricular filling pressure may be helpful in detecting and treating hypovolemia. 
  3. Hypoxia, Hypercapnia, Acidosis – These conditions, which may also reduce the effectiveness and/or increase the incidence of adverse effects of dopamine, must be identified and corrected prior to, or concurrently with, administration of dopamine HCl. 
  4. Decreased Pulse Pressure – If a disproportionate increase in diastolic blood pressure and a marked decrease in pulse pressure are observed in patients receiving dopamine HCl, the rate of infusion should be decreased and the patient observed carefully for further evidence of predominant vasoconstrictor activity, unless such effect is desired. 
  5. Ventricular Arrhythmias – If an increased number of ectopic beats are observed, the dose should be reduced if possible. 
  6. Hypotension – At lower infusion rates, if hypotension occurs, the infusion rate should be rapidly increased until adequate blood pressure is obtained. If hypotension persists, dopamine HCl should be discontinued and a more potent vasoconstrictor agent such as norepinephrine should be administered. 
  7. Extravasation – Dopamine HCl should be infused into a large vein whenever possible to prevent the possibility of extravasation into tissue adjacent to the infusion site. Extravasation may cause necrosis and sloughing of surrounding tissue. Large veins of the antecubital fossa are preferred to veins in the dorsum of the hand or ankle. Less suitable infusion sites should be used only if the patient's condition requires immediate attention. The physician should switch to more suitable sites as rapidly as possible. The infusion site should be continuously monitored for free flow. 
  8. Occlusive Vascular Disease – Patients with a history of occlusive vascular disease (for example, atherosclerosis, arterial embolism, Raynaud's disease, cold injury, diabetic endarteritis, and Buerger's disease) should be closely monitored for any changes in color or temperature of the skin in the extremities. If a change in skin color or temperature occurs and is thought to be the result of compromised circulation in the extremities, the benefits of continued dopamine HCl infusion should be weighed against the risk of possible necrosis. This condition may be reversed by either decreasing the rate or discontinuing the infusion.   
  



  1. Weaning – When discontinuing the infusion, it may be necessary to gradually decrease the dose of dopamine HCl while expanding blood volume with intravenous fluids, since sudden cessation may result in marked hypotension.
Participants received S-1 25 milligrams per meter square (mg/m\^2) orally twice daily (BID) every 12 hours from Day 1 through Day 21, 1 hour before or after meal with a glass of water; followed by a 7-day rest period from Day 22 to Day 28 in a 28-day cycle. Participants received a single dose of cisplatin 75 mg/m\^2 as a 1- to 3-hour intravenous (IV) infusion on Day 1 following the morning dose of S-1 for a maximum of 8 cycles (each cycle of 28 days). Participants received study medication until progression of disease (PD), adverse event (AE), withdrawal of consent, or other reason for discontinuation, whichever happened earlier.
FIELD: medicine, veterinary science. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention concerns veterinary. There is described a method of treating diabetes in a mammal with the use of peptide Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro dissolved in such proportion that the amount of the introduced peptide is 1 mg/kg of body weight. Said substance is introduced 3 times intranasally. ^ EFFECT: invention allows faster recovery, lower toxic effects without deterioration of clinical effectiveness. ^ 2 cl, 3 tbl, 1 ex
The present invention discloses an alopecia treating tincture and a preparing method thereof. Rhizoma drynariae, burnt hair, tuber pinellia, cedrela sinensis roots, cedrela sinensis skin, mulberry, cortex mori radices, citrus aurantium, kashiwaba, and lime are used as raw material, are placed in a ceramic cylinder, are sealed and are soaked by adding wine; then, the raw material is buried underground and is treated. The present invention has a simple recipe but a peculiar curative effect; the present invention has a special effect on treating common hair total alopecia, pelade, and plum blossom alopecia. The alopecia treating tincture can take effect by coating the alopecia treating tincture for 15 to 20 days. Generated new hair is black and glossy. The present invention brings a gospel for alopecia patients.
Participants in the Wait List condition will receive no NFB for approximately 31 weeks, and will be asked to complete pre-, post- and 3-month follow-up assessments. After study completion, they will be offered the same 19 weeks of NFB.
The last few decades have seen striking changes in the field of food allergy. The prevalence of the disease has risen dramatically in many parts of the globe, and management of the condition has undergone major revision. While delayed introduction of common allergenic foods during infancy was advised for many years, the learning early about peanut allergy (LEAP) trial and other studies led to a major shift in infant feeding practices, with deliberate early introduction of these foods now recommended. Additionally, the Food and Drug Administration approved the first treatment for food allergy in 2020-a peanut oral immunotherapy (OIT) product that likely represents just the beginning of new immunotherapy-based and other treatments for food allergy. Our knowledge of the environmental and genetic factors contributing to the pathogenesis of food allergy has also undergone transformational advances. Here, we will discuss our efforts to improve the clinical care of patients with food allergy and our understanding of the immunological mechanisms contributing to this common disease.
A spinach strawberry jelly and a manufacturing method for the lettuce pawpaw jelly relate to a health food and the manufacturing method for the food. The invention relates to a health food with the advantages of good taste and convenient eating, which can carry through industrial production. The manufacturing method is: the preparation of a colla corii asini wine solution is as following: heating the follow components according to the weight portion of 10 to 20 portions of colla corii asini, 20 to 30 of yellow wine, 5 to 7 portions of wine, 20 to 60 portions of white granulated sugar, and 10 to 20 portions of honey to 60 to 80 DEG C and then preserving heat and mixing for 2 hours. The preparation of spinach strawberry slurry: the spinach and the strawberry are beaten into slurry according to the weight portion of 10 to 20 portions of the spinach and 10 to 20 portions of the strawberry; the preparation of the spinach strawberry jelly: cooling the colla corii asini wine solution to 20 to 25 DEG C and adding the spinach strawberry slurry into the colla corii asini wine solution gradually and cooling to the normal temperature and pouring the cooled solution into a die to form a gel shape. The invention comprises the colla corii asini, the spinach and the strawberry and has the supply function of the colla corii asini, and also comprises various vitamins and minerals. The invention has sweet and sour flavor with the fragrance of wine and is a health food with high quality.
Participants in this group were trained to inform them about CAG in visual, audio and written form. Information training was provided by the researcher 30 minutes before the CAG procedure after the outpatient clinic controls of the patient. Information education prepared by the researcher by scanning the literature and getting expert opinion; It includes 7 minutes of video explanation about the CAG process, discussion after video watching, question and answer, and the delivery of a training book prepared in written form.
The invention relates to a cough-relieving expectorant medical cigarette, which is totally made from Chinese medicinal herbs. The clinical tests of thousands of patients in six years verify that the medical cigarette has magical efficacy to acute and chronic bronchitis, and no adverse reaction is observed. The product is designed into a long tube shape, which is convenient to carry. Six cigarettes form one course, which is more convenient to use. Meanwhile, the product initiates a sucking method for relieving cough, has no side effect on gastrointestinal tract, has no injection pain, and is effective on a plurality of types of cough and asthma as well. According to statistics, the effective rate of the product for a plurality of types of cough reaches 84 percent.
Group I will include cases classified as normal weight (healthy) with a body mass index of 18.5-24.9 kg / m2 as a result of the classification made by the World Health Organization. All parameter and evaluation measurements determined for this group will be made. Since this group was not considered as obese, it was determined as the control group.