anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are bone marrow malignancies characterized by poor bone marrow function that may progress to acute myeloid leukemia. Many patients become red blood cell transfusion-dependent. Transfusion dependence is associated with inferior quality of life (QOL). However, the relationship between the degree of anemia and QOL is less clear. A commonly used transfusion strategy is to target the hemoglobin (Hb) in the range of 80-90 g/L (normal hemoglobin \> 120-130g/L). The question is: would a higher hemoglobin target lead to improvement in QOL despite the negative impact transfusion dependence may have on QOL (due to associated time commitments, expense, transfusion reactions etc). Several groups have prospectively shown that targeting hemoglobin levels of greater than 120 g/L (with hematopoietic growth factors (HGFs) and/or blood transfusions) or incremental increases of 15-20 g/L (with HGFs alone) were associated with improved QOL. The investigators MDS program has been conducting prospective assessments of QOL since 2007 in all registered and consented patients using a variety of validated questionnaires. Preliminary analysis (in 236 patients) revealed that, compared with an age-matched healthy general population, MDS patients have inferior QOL. Transfusion dependence and anemia were independently predictive of poor functioning, fatigue and decreased health utility. Furthermore, a hemoglobin level of ≥100 g/L seemed to be the key threshold for improvement in function and symptom scores. The investigators hypothesize that the target hemoglobins in transfusion dependent MDS patients are too low and this may account for their inferior quality of life. Our goal is to compare the effect on QOL of a restrictive strategy (which is the current standard of care), with a liberal transfusion strategy in a large randomized controlled trial of transfusion dependent MDS outpatients. Before embarking on such an endeavor, the investigators must first prove feasibility in a smaller pilot randomized controlled trial.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Overuse of CT-based cerebrovascular imaging in the emergency department and inpatient settings, notably CTA of the head and neck for minor and nonfocal neurologic presentations, stresses imaging services and exposes patients to radiation and contrast. Furthermore, such CT-based imaging is often insufficient for definitive diagnosis, necessitating additional MR imaging. Recent advances in fast MRI may allow timely assessment and a reduced need for head and neck CTA in select populations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We identified inpatients or patients in the emergency department who underwent CTAHN (including noncontrast and postcontrast head CT, with or without CTP imaging) followed within 24 hours by a 3T MRI study that included a 2.5-minute unenhanced multicontrast sequence (NeuroMix) and a 5-minute intracranial time of flight MRA) during a 9-month period (April to December 2022). Cases were classified by 4 radiologists in consensus as to whether NeuroMix and NeuroMix + MRA detected equivalent findings, detected unique findings, or missed findings relative to CTAHN.
RESULTS: One hundred seventy-four cases (mean age, 67 [SD, 16] years; 56% female) met the inclusion criteria. NeuroMix alone and NeuroMix + MRA protocols were determined to be equivalent or better compared with CTAHN in 71% and 95% of patients, respectively. NeuroMix always provided equivalent or better assessment of the brain parenchyma, with unique findings on NeuroMix and NeuroMix + MRA in 35% and 36% of cases, respectively, most commonly acute infarction or multiple microhemorrhages. In 8/174 cases (5%), CTAHN identified vascular abnormalities not seen on the NeuroMix + MRA protocol due to the wider coverage of the cervical arteries by CTAHN.
CONCLUSIONS: A fast MR imaging protocol consisting of NeuroMix + MRA provided equivalent or better information compared with CTAHN in 95% of cases in our population of patients with an acute neurologic presentation. The findings provide a deeper understanding of the benefits and challenges of a fast unenhanced MR-first approach with NeuroMix + MRA, which could be used to design prospective trials in select patient groups, with the potential to reduce radiation dose, mitigate adverse contrast-related patient and environmental effects, and lessen the burden on radiologists and health care systems.
This will be a two-arm, parallel-design, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Participants aged 3-17 years of age with double blind placebo-controlled food challenge-confirmed cashew allergy will be randomised into either the active or placebo arm. The active and placebo participants will consume daily dose of cashew and placebo, respectively, for 52 weeks. Participants will undergo an initial escalation and build-up phase until they reach a maintenance dose of cashew or placebo. Participants will return at 6 months for a safety and compliance check and at 12 months (T1) and 14 months (T2) for endpoint oral food challenges. Level of cross-desensitization to pistachio will be examined at T1. Immunological changes, including sIgE and IgG4, will be examined.
IL-33 is a cytokine central to type 2 immune pathology in chronic airway disease. This cytokine is abundantly expressed in the respiratory epithelium and increased in disease, but how expression is regulated is undefined. Here we show that increased IL33 expression occurs from multiple noncanonical promoters in human chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and it facilitates production of alternatively spliced isoforms in airway cells. We found that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) can activate IL33 promoters through protein kinase C in primary airway cells and lines. Transcription factor (TF) binding arrays combined with RNA interference identified activator protein (AP) TFs as regulators of baseline and induced IL33 promoter activity. ATAC-Seq and ChIP-PCR identified chromatin accessibility and differential TF binding as additional control points for transcription from noncanonical promoters. In support of a role for these TFs in COPD pathogenesis, we found that AP-2 (TFAP2A, TFAP2C) and AP-1 (FOS and JUN) family members are upregulated in human COPD specimens. This study implicates integrative and pioneer TFs in regulating IL33 promoters and alternative splicing in human airway basal cells. Our work reveals a potentially novel approach for targeting IL-33 in development of therapeutics for COPD.
Incretin analogs are provided that have activity at each of the GIP. GLP-1 and glucagon receptors. The incretin analogs have structural features resulting in balanced activity and extended duration of action at each of these receptors. Methods also are provided for treating diseases such as diabetes mellitus. dyslipidemia. fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic steato-hepatitis and obesity.
The safety and effectiveness of dapsone gel, 7.5% for the topical treatment of acne vulgaris have been established in patients 12 years of age and older. Use of dapsone gel, 7.5% in patients for this indication is supported by evidence from adequate and well-controlled clinical trials in 1,066 subjects 12 years of age and older [see Adverse Reactions (6.1), and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

The safety profile for dapsone gel, 7.5% in clinical trials was similar to the vehicle control group.

Safety and effectiveness of dapsone gel, 7.5%, have not been established in pediatric patients below the age of 9 years.

Pediatric use information is approved for Almirall LLC's Aczone® (dapsone) Gel. However, due to Almirall LLC's marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that information.
PURPOSE: A composition containing sauchinone isolated from a Saururus chinensis extract is provided to ensure strong antioxidation effect and to prevent or treat amyotrophy. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for treating amyotrophy or protecting muscle injury contains a Saururus chinensis extract as an active ingredient. The concentration of the extract is 1-10 um. A pharmaceutical composition for treating muscle diseases or protecting muscle injury is manufactured in the form of an oral formulation containing a powder, granules, a capsule, a suspension, an emulsion, a syrup, or aerosol. A food composition for treating muscle diseases or protecting muscle injury contains the extract as an active ingredient. The pharmaceutical composition contains sauchinone of chemical formula 1 as an active ingredient.
Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is a non-invasive diagnostic tool used to estimate cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV), cerebral autoregulation, cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure as well as other indicators of cerebral hemodynamics and autoregulation. Whereas TCD has been widely used in research, clinical, and outpatient settings, studies specifically designed to examine the effect of limited sleep on brain health and potential impact of sex are sparse. Thus, the present study will investigate sex-specific differences in cerebral blood flow under conditions of normal and restricted sleep. Investigators will conduct measures of CBFV and CVR on two separate days under tightly controlled experimental conditions. This study hypothesizes greater morning cerebral blood flow velocity following a night of normal sleep compared to restricted sleep. This study further hypothesize the effect of sleep restriction on CBFV and CVR will be greater in males compared to females. Results from the present study will provide important data necessary to develop future, well-controlled studies examining the impact of long-term modifications in exercise and/or sleep on cerebral hemodynamics and, by extension, risk for cerebrovascular events (i.e. stroke).
The research group performed additional low-load and high-velocity - lying prone - eccentric hamstring exercise 3 times per week for 4 weeks. 12 sessions in total.
The flexion relaxation phenomenon (FRP) is characterized by the reduction of paraspinal muscle activity at maximum trunk flexion. FRP is reported to be altered (persistence of spinal muscle activity) in more than half of nonspecific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) patients. Little is known about how the multi-segmental spine affects FRP. The aim of this observational study was to investigate the relationship between FRP and kinematic parameters of the multi-segmental spine in NSCLBP patients. Forty NSCLBP patients and thirty-five asymptomatic participants performed a standing maximal trunk flexion task. Surface electromyography was recorded along the erector spinae longissimus. The kinematics of the spine were assessed using a 3D motion analysis system. The investigated spinal segments were upper thoracic, lower thoracic, thoracolumbar, upper lumbar, lower lumbar, and lumbopelvic. Upper lumbar ROM, anterior sagittal inclination of the upper lumbar relative to the lower lumbar in the upright position, and ROM of the upper lumbar relative to the lower lumbar during full trunk flexion were significantly correlated with the flexion relaxation ratio (Rho 0.42 to 0.58, p < 0.006). The relative position and movement of the upper lumbar segment seem to play an important role in the presence or absence of FRP in NSCLBP patients.
Preliminary research: This research is multi-disciplinary joint research by combining artificial intelligence with magnetic resonance, it can make the preoperative determination of bladder cancer stage more accurate and guides the clinician worker's treatment plan. At present, It has been constructed that an artificial intelligence model based on preoperative magnetic resonance images to predict staging and patient prognosis. We built a staging prediction model through deep learning artificial intelligence network, and collected magnetic resonance image data and related postoperative pathological data of patients, afterwards, We followed 576 patients on the basis of staging model construction. By obtaining OS, PFS, and RFS of patients, a part was randomly selected as a training set for training the deep learning network model. The other part is used as a test set to verify its accuracy. This study was a prospective, multicenter observational clinical study, A total of 150 patients with bladder malignant tumor who was admitted to the urology department of each center for treatment and underwent electric resection or radical cystectomy were planned to be enrolled. In order to analyze the sensitivity、specificity and accuracy of artificial intelligence in predicting postoperative pathological staging, Patients who entered the group were followed up for 3 years, then, we analyzed the correlation between artificial intelligence prediction results and patient OS PFS RFS. It was preliminarily verified that the results of the artificial intelligence model have the potential to predict the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer.
DS-5565 30mg/day, administered in 2 doses. Treatment period: 1 week titration and 6 weeks of fixed dose.
Healthy women, aged between 18 and 45 years old, with weigh between 50 and 75 kg and with IMC included between 19 and 27 kg/m². Patients will be given, on an empty stomach since 10 hours minimum, a single dose of 3 mg of Budesonide, in the form of Entocord ® tablets. After that, they will remain under medical control for at least an hour, and then will be back home with instructions to collect urine samples at defined times, during 4 days.
Cadmium (Cd) is a dangerous heavy metal that is non-degradable in the environment. Many organs can accumulate Cd and adversely affect organ function and health. Cd is considered as a teratogenic and embryotoxic agent. This study aims to evaluate the teratogenicity of Cd at concentrations lesser than the permissible and its effects on the heart during chick embryogenesis. Fertilized eggs of the chick Gallus domesticus were divided into; control, saline injected and four experimental groups injected with single doses of 5, 25, 50 or 75 µM of CdCl2. Histological observations of the heart before hatching and the cardiomyocytes after hatching were recorded. Morphometric measurements of heart chambers were achieved at 3, 4 and 6 days of incubation. Electrocardiograph and respiratory rate were recorded at tenth day. Different cardiac problems had been brought on by Cd. In comparison to controls, the heart looked much larger, and in certain cases, growth retardation was seen. Degeneration in heart walls and malformations of dorsal aorta were noticed. Morphometrically, the width and wall thickness of heart chambers showed significant changes. Heart beats and respiratory rate significantly decreased compared to control. The cardiotoxic effect of Cd on heart compartments structure and function was dose dependent. One of Cd toxicity is its ability to induce cellular oxidative stress. The heart in particular is sensitive to oxidative stress. Cardiac oxidative stress might intensify heart failure and promote disease progression. Calcium is one of the components that is needed for normal heart work. Cd might interfere with calcium metabolism by removing it from the body.
The study will enroll 8 HZ patients who meet the inclusion criteria and 3 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC). HZ patients will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to a medication-only group or a medication plus electroacupuncture group. All participants will receive Valacyclovir Hydrochloride tablets and Mecobalamin tablets. HZ-related immune cells in peripheral blood will be analyzed using CyTOF before treatment (day 0), during treatment (day 4), and after treatment (day 7). Pain intensity and characteristics will be assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4) questionnaire. Lesion healing (time to vesicle cessation, crusting, and scab detachment) and adverse events will also be recorded to evaluate lesion regression in HZ patients.
The world is facing one of its worst infectious disease pandemics in history, i.e., Covid-19. Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 was identified as the cause of an outbreak of a severe pneumonia-like disease, currently known as Covid-19. When COVID-19 infect the upper and lower respiratory tract it can cause mild or highly acute respiratory syndrome with consequent release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. (Herold T., et al., 2020) Although the main risks of COVID-19 is to cause injuries to the upper and lower respiratory track and lung, other organs are also affected including CNS leading to variety of neuropsychatric symptoms including headache, depression, and memory impairment.These psychological symptoms become more obvious by quarantine which is one of the most common protections against virus infections .These psychological symptoms also aasociated with alteration of level of beta endorphins. (Long B et al.,2020).

β-Endorphin, a morphine-like peptide, was identified in brain as an endogenous opioid peptide hormone that is produced and secreted in the pituitary gland and related to pain modulation and strongly linked to chronicity and severity of depression. The specific receptor for β-endorphin is the μ-opioid receptor. (Tanaka et al., 2003) β-Endorphin stimulates chemotaxis of monocytes, their differentiation into macrophages, and production of reactive oxygen species, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-10, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α in monocytes/macrophages. The μ-opioid receptor is upregulated by IL-1α and IL-1β. (Gein et al.,2016) The psychological disorders caused by Covid-19 have significant effects on the immune system, resulting in mast cell activation, increased generation of cytokines like IL-1, IL-37, IL-6, and C-reactive protein. Endorphin release therapy (ERT) can be very effective to reactivate thymus gland, increase production of NK cells and CD4+ cells and inhibit CD8+cells, prevent, and reduce inflammation in Covid-19 patients, thereby reducing many complications and associated deaths. (Ahmadpoor P et al ., 2020 ) IL-38 is the newest cytokine of the IL-1 family members, produced by several immune cells including B cells and macrophages. IL-38 is a suppressor cytokine which inhibits IL-1β and other pro-inflammatory IL-family members. IL-38 is a potential therapeutic cytokine which inhibits inflammation in viral infections including that caused by coronavirus-19, providing a new relevant strategy. (Gómez-Rial J et al.,2020)
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To develop an efficient machine-learning model using pituitary MRI radiomics and clinical data to differentiate growth hormone deficiency (GHD) from idiopathic short stature (ISS), making the diagnostic process more acceptable to patients and their families.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort of 297 GHD and 300 ISS children (4-12 years) were enrolled as training and validation cohorts (8:2 ratio). An external cohort from another institution (49 GHD and 51 ISS) was employed as the testing cohort. Radiomics features extracted from the anterior pituitary gland on sagittal T1-weighted image (1.5 T or 3.0 T) were used to develop a radiomics model after feature selection. Hematological biomarkers were selected to create a clinical model and combine with the optimal radiomics features to create a clinical-radiomics model. The area under the receive operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Delong test compared the diagnostic performance of the previously mentioned three models across different validation and testing cohorts.
RESULTS: 17 radiomics features were selected for the radiomics model, and total protein, total cholesterol, free triiodothyronine, and triglyceride were utilized for the clinical model. In the training and validation cohorts, the diagnostic performance of the clinical-radiomics model (AUC=0.820 and 0.801) was comparable to the radiomics model (AUC=0.812 and 0.779, both P >0.05), both outperforming the clinical model (AUC=0.575 and 0.593, P <0.001). In the testing cohort, the clinical-radiomics model exhibited the highest AUC of 0.762 than the clinical and radiomics model (AUC=0.604 and 0.741, respectively, P <0.05). In addition, the clinical and radiomics models demonstrated similar diagnostic performance in the testing cohort (P >0.05).
CONCLUSION: Integrating radiomics features from conventional pituitary MRI with clinical indicators offers a minimally invasive approach for identifying GHD and shows robustness in a multicenter setting.
To explore the effect of rapid rehabilitation nursing model on surgical site wound infection and pain of patients with ovarian cancer. Computer searches were performed on randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of rapid rehabilitation nursing model applied to ovarian cancer patients in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature Database (SinoMed), VIP and Wanfang Database from the time each database was constructed to May 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data and completed an assessment of the quality of the literature based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software. The database was searched to obtain 255 articles, and 22 articles were finally included, containing 966 patients in the experimental group and 954 patients in the control group, for a total of 1920 patients. The results of the meta-analysis showed that, compared with other nursing models, the use of the rapid rehabilitation nursing model significantly reduced surgical site wound infections in patients with ovarian cancer (OR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.15-0.61, p < 0.001) and the rate of post-operative complications (OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.19-0.38, p < 0.001) also reduced the patients' post-operative wound pain (MD = -0.70, 95% CI: -0.85 to -0.55, p < 0.001). The rapid rehabilitation nursing model applied to patients with ovarian cancer surgery can effectively reduce the rate of post-operative complications and wound infections, and it can also reduce the post-operative wound pain.
The global increase in invasive fungal infections and the emergence of drug-resistant strains demand the urgent development of novel antifungal drugs. In this context, synthetic polymers with diverse compositions, mimicking natural antimicrobial peptides, have shown promising potential for combating fungal infections. This study investigates how altering polymer end-groups and topology from linear to branched star-like structures affects their efficacy against Candida spp., including clinical isolates. Additionally, the polymers' biocompatibility is accessed with murine embryonic fibroblasts and red blood cells in vitro. Notably, a low-molecular weight star polymer outperforms both its linear polymeric counterparts and amphotericin B (AmpB) in terms of an improved therapeutic index and reduced haemolytic activity, despite a higher minimum inhibitory concentration against Candida albicans (C. albicans) SC5314 (16-32 µg mL-1 vs 1 µg mL-1 for AmpB). These findings demonstrate the potential of synthetic polymers with diverse topologies as promising candidates for antifungal applications.