anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Patients with chronic periodontitis received non-surgical periodontal treatment, including scaling and root planing and polishing within 14 days under local anesthesia with manual and ultrasonic devices and standardized oral hygiene instructions including methods of tooth-brushing and interdental cleaning were also given to each one. A professional supragingival plaque control was applied on a regular basis every month.
During the study, subjects who diagnosed as asthma according to "Guideline for the diagnosis and optimal management of asthma in children" will be assigned to the nearest community hospital or Shanghai Children's Medical Center, and receive 12 months standard treatment, prescribed by the investigators according to "Guideline for the diagnosis and optimal management of asthma in children". The patient's caregiver will be instructed to install asthma APP at their smart phone to follow up.
Night sweats are a common symptom. There is a lack of a uniform definition and a diagnostic guideline. In this article we propose a structural analysis for all levels of healthcare. First, we need to distinguish night sweats with or without fever. We will then discuss the main differential diagnoses (infection, malignancies, sleeping disorders and medication-related) and emphasize the role of diagnostic clues. A screening for infections, sleeping disorders and a medication review are a must for every patient. Furthermore we will explain the role of PET-CT and bone marrow examination.
Recently, cellular senescence-induced unstable carotid plaques have gained increasing attention. In this study, we utilized bioinformatics and machine learning methods to investigate the correlation between cellular senescence and the pathological mechanisms of unstable carotid plaques. Our aim was to elucidate the causes of unstable carotid plaque progression and identify new therapeutic strategies. First, differential expression analysis was performed on the test set GSE43292 to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the unstable plaque group and the control group. These DEGs were intersected with cellular senescence-associated genes to obtain 40 cellular senescence-associated DEGs. Subsequently, key genes were then identified through weighted gene co-expression network analysis, random forest, Recursive Feature Elimination for Support Vector Machines algorithm and cytoHubba plugin. The intersection yielded 3 CSA-signature genes, which were validated in the external validation set GSE163154. Additionally, we assessed the relationship between these CSA-signature genes and the immune landscape of the unstable plaque group. This study suggests that cellular senescence may play an important role in the progression mechanism of unstable plaques and is closely related to the influence of the immune microenvironment. Our research lays the foundation for studying the progression mechanism of unstable carotid plaques and provides some reference for targeted therapy.
Glottic insufficiency resulting from vocal fold immobility can have a significant negative impact on health and quality of life and is a major cause of dysphonia, dysphagia, and dyspnea. Vocal fold immobility can be unilateral or bilateral and complete or partial. Most commonly, it is caused by iatrogenic injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve from thyroidectomy or anterior cervical disc fusion surgeries. Other causes include traumatic, idiopathic, malignant, and neurogenic. Variability exists in approach to surgical management. Degree of spontaneous recovery and thus timing of intervention varies based on severity and permanency of neurological injury. Initially described by Wilhelm Brünings in 1911, injection laryngoplasty, also known as injection augmentation, is a technique to improve glottic closure by injection of material to move the immobile vocal fold closer to midline. This improves voice quality and strain in patients with either unilateral or bilateral vocal fold hypomobility, immobility, atrophy, presbylarynx, vocal fold scar, and soft tissue loss. Improvement in glottic closure also results in better swallowing outcomes. Injection augmentation can be performed under general anesthesia in patients unable to tolerate the procedure while awake. Injection can be performed peroral, through a working channeled flexible laryngoscope, or a percutaneous approach. Percutaneous approaches can be further divided into transthyroid cartilage, transcricothyroid membrane, or transthyrohyoid membrane. All cases are performed under endoscopic guidance to ensure correct needle placement and adequate medialization of affected vocal fold. Congruent with the heterogeneity of injection laryngoplasty materials, approaches, and techniques, there also appears to be no data or expert consensus regarding voice rest following this procedure. This study aims to quantify the benefit of voice rest following vocal fold injection augmentation.
New medicaments for dissolving urinary calculi in the human body contain alkali salts or a metabolisable organic acid which does not form a water-soluble complex with Ca ions or which forms water-soluble complexes with Ca ions which are substantially more strongly dissociated than those of citric acid (i.e. the acid binds Ca ions less strongly than does citric acid). The medicaments dissolve both uric acid calculi and calcium oxalate calculi. The alkali salt used does not cause marked dissolution of calcium oxalate deposited in the duodenum and small intestine, but after absorption it is metabolised to citric acid and cause dissolution of urinary calculi and elevation of urinary pH to ca 6.5-6.8. Pref. alkali salts are those of tartaric acid, and pref. dosage forms are efferscent tablets. In an example, effervescent tablets each weighing 3 g. contain 32.4 wt.% CH3COONa, 32.4 wt.% potassium tartrate, 15.4 wt.% KHCO3, 4.0 wt.% NaHCO3, 13.8 wt.% tartaric acid, and 2.0 wt.% MgO (specific surface 10 m2/g).
AIMS: In patients with a failed radial head arthroplasty (RHA), simple removal of the implant is an option. However, there is little information in the literature about the outcome of this procedure. The aim of this study was to review the mid-term clinical and radiological results, and the rate of complications and removal of the implant, in patients whose initial RHA was undertaken acutely for trauma involving the elbow.
METHODS: A total of 11 patients in whom removal of a RHA without reimplantation was undertaken as a revision procedure were reviewed at a mean follow-up of 8.4 years (6 to 11). The range of motion (ROM) and stability of the elbow were recorded. Pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The functional outcome was assessed using the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), the Oxford Elbow Score (OES), and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (DASH). Radiological examination included the assessment of heterotopic ossification (HO), implant loosening, capitellar erosion, overlengthening, and osteoarthritis. Complications and the rate of further surgery were also recorded.
RESULTS: The indications for removal of the implant were stiffness in five patients, aseptic loosening in five, and pain attributed to the RHA in three. The mean time interval between RHA for trauma to removal was ten months (7 to 21). Preoperatively, three patients had overlengthening of the implant, three had capitellar erosion, six had HO, and four had radiological evidence of loosening. At the final follow-up, the mean the flexion-extension arc improved significantly by 38.2° (95% CI 20 to 59; p = 0.002) and the mean arc of prono-supination improved significantly by 20° (95% CI 0 to 72.5; p = 0.035). The mean pain VAS score improved significantly by 3.5 (95% CI 2 to 5.5; p = 0.004). The mean MEPS improved significantly by 27.5 (95% CI 17.5 to 42.5; p = 0.002). The mean OES improved significantly by 9 (95% CI 2.5 to 14; p = 0.012), and the mean DASH score improved significantly by 23.5 (95% CI 7.5 to 31.6; p = 0.012). Ten patients (91%) had HO and osteoarthritis. Two patients underwent further surgery due to stiffness and pain, respectively.
CONCLUSION: Simple removal of the implant at revision surgery following a failed RHA introduced following trauma provides satisfactory mid-term results with an acceptable risk of complications. Osteoarthritis, instability, and radioulnar impingement were not problems in this series.
BACKGROUND: There is variation in the probability of nodal metastases from low-grade appendiceal adenocarcinomas, and the role of right colectomy is unclear. We aimed to define the prevalence and utility of lymphovascular invasion in predicting the risk of nodal metastases to help stratify patients who may benefit from right hemicolectomy.
METHODS: Patients with nonmetastatic low-grade appendiceal adenocarcinomas were identified from the National Cancer Database (2010-2017). The primary outcome was probability of nodal metastases. Logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of nodal metastases. A 4-tier risk model-the COH Composite Score-was calculated by assigning 1 point each for a high-risk feature (lymphovascular invasion, T3/T4 T stage, or nonmucinous histology). Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of survival.
RESULTS: A total of 1,303 patients with nonmetastatic low-grade appendiceal adenocarcinomas (64.2% mucinous) were identified. Of the 1,133 patients with known lymphovascular invasion status, 78 (6.9%) were lymphovascular invasion positive. In multivariate analysis, lymphovascular invasion was independently associated with nodal metastases (odds ratio, 8.68; P < .001). Overall accuracy of lymphovascular invasion in predicting nodal metastases was 86%. The COH Composite Score stratified patients in 4 categories with increasing risk of nodal metastases and incrementally worse survival. For patients with the COH Composite Score of 0 (12%), the nodal metastasis rate was 3.1%, and a right hemicolectomy in this group did not improve survival.
CONCLUSION: The presence of lymphovascular invasion is strongly predictive of nodal metastases. Lymphovascular invasion as part of the COH Composite Score may help guide the extent of surgery in low-grade appendiceal adenocarcinomas.
A bolus for the administration of beneficial substances, for example, vitamins or mineral elements such as zinc, to a ruminant animal comprises a differential surface coating. This coating comprises a release-retarding substance, such as beeswax, coated over 75% of the surface of the bolus which is slow to dissolve in the rumen, and a non-retarding rapidly dissolved substance, such as cheesewax coated over the remaining 25% of the bolus surface. The cheesewax layer dissolves rapidly to allow release of the beneficial substance held within the bolus to begin. The very slowly dissolving beeswax layer ensures that only the exposed 25% of the surface releases substance initially. However, as the residence time in the rumen increases the beeswax layer is eroded and more and more of the substance releasing-bolus surface is exposed, thus maintaining the release of the beneficial substances at a steady rate. The system is designed to overcome the problem usually encountered with such bolus means where there is a high initial concentration of beneficial substance which then decays rapidly and ensure instead a more constant and level release of substance with time. The bolus may also contain coating over part of its surface and no coating over the remainder or it may contain a single coating substance which has different thicknesses over different parts of the bolus surface.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Guarea genus comprises tropical and subtropical terrestrial herbs inhabiting Central and South America. These plants, including Guarea guidonia (L.) Sleumer, have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antiviral, and immune-enhancing properties.
AIM OF THE STUDY: Although various species of the Guarea genus are known for their medicinal properties, comprehensive data on their anti-inflammatory effects remain limited. Therefore, we investigated the NLRP3 inflammasome-inhibiting effects of the Guarea genus in this study.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activities of 18 members of the Guarea genus, we treated NLRP3 inflammasome activators with their extracts in LPS-primed J774A.1 and THP-1 cells. Cell viability was determined by water soluble tetrazolium salt (WST) and cytokine production, protein expression, and nuclear fractionation were determined by western blotting. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) oligomerization were measured using confocal microscopic analysis. Inflammation-induced zebrafish was used in the in vivo experiments.
RESULTS: Among the 18 Guarea members tested, Guarea microcarpa C. DC. extract (GM) exhibited no cytotoxicity and specifically suppressed the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, but not of the AIM2 or NLRC4 inflammasomes, by inhibiting the ATPase activity of NLRP3. This was achieved without affecting NF-κB signaling, potassium efflux, or intracellular ROS production, all of which are involved in NLRP3 activation. The reduced ATPase activity of NLRP3 led to decreased ASC oligomerization. Furthermore, GM exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in vivo. Additionally, GM treatment alleviated inflammation at the organismal level in an LPS-induced inflammation model using zebrafish embryos.
CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate the anti-inflammatory effects of GM via suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome. Therefore, GM can be a potential therapeutic candidate for various inflammatory diseases caused by aberrant NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Participants receive GNC-038 as intravenous infusion for the first cycle (3 weeks). Participants with clinical benefit could receive additional treatment for more cycles. The administration will be terminated because of disease progression or intolerable toxicity occurring or other reasons.
Control training tasks will include completion of basic arithmetic problems for approximately 5 minutes. Subjects assigned to not receive normative feedback will receive feedback on time spent doing a non-alcohol related activity as an attention/informational control (e.g., time spent watching television; LaBrie et al., 2013).
Using thrombolytic enzyme has become the standard myocardial infarction and cerebral thrombus treating method. NTA is one new kind of thrombolytic enzyme, which is from human brain and is obtained through recombined gene cloning. The molecule is generated in large intestine. NTA gene is cloned to T7 promoter and is expressed in lac regulation and control. Assisted by dnaY, NTA expression amount is over 35 % total cell protein. NTA has the advantages the same as tissue type plsminogen activator (tPA), such as thrombus specificity and is superior to tPA pharmacologically. NTA has a half period of 15-23 min, longer than that of tPA, which is only 3.5 min.
The small, heavily glycosylated protein CD24 is primarily expressed by many immune cells and is highly expressed mostly in cancer cells. As one of the most crucial biomarkers of cancers, CD24 is frequently highly expressed in solid tumors, while tumor-associated macrophages express Siglec-10 at high levels, Siglec-10 and CD24 can interact on innate immune cells to lessen inflammatory responses to a variety of disorders. Inhibiting inflammation brought on by SHP-1 and/or SHP-2 phosphatases as well as cell phagocytosis by macrophages, the binding of CD24 to Siglec-10 can prevent toll-like receptor-mediated inflammation. Targeted immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has lately gained popularity as one of the best ways to treat different tumors. CD24 is a prominent innate immune checkpoint that may be a useful target for cancer immunotherapy. In recent years, numerous CD24/Siglec-10-related research studies have made tremendous progress. This study discusses the characteristics and workings of CD24/Siglec-10-targeted immunotherapy and offers a summary of current advances in CD24/Siglec-10-related immunotherapy research for cancer. We then suggested potential directions for CD24-targeted immunotherapy, basing our speculation mostly on the results of recent preclinical and clinical trials.
PURPOSE: Childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) is a multivariate motor speech disorder that requires a motor-based intervention approach. There is limited treatment research on young children with CAS, reflecting a critical gap in the literature given that features of CAS are often in full expression early in development. Dynamic Temporal and Tactile Cueing (DTTC) is a treatment approach designed for children with severe CAS, yet the use of DTTC with children younger than 3 years of age has not been examined.
METHOD: A multiple single-case design was employed to examine the use of DTTC in seven children with CAS (aged 2.5-5 years) over the course of 6 weeks of intervention. Changes in word accuracy were measured in treated words from baseline to posttreatment and from baseline to maintenance (6 weeks posttreatment). Generalization of word accuracy changes to matched untreated words was also examined. A linear mixed-effects model was used to estimate the change in word accuracy for treated and untreated words across all children from baseline to posttreatment and to maintenance. A quasi-Poisson regression model was used to estimate mean change and calculate effect sizes for treated and untreated words.
RESULTS: Group-level analyses revealed significant changes in word accuracy for treated and untreated words at posttreatment and maintenance. At the child level, six of seven children displayed medium-to-large effect sizes where word accuracy increased in an average of 3.4/5 words across all children. Each child displayed some degree of generalization to untreated targets, specifically for words with the same syllable shape as the treated words.
CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that DTTC can yield positive change in some young children with CAS. Key differences in each child's performance are highlighted.
BACKGROUND: The cardiac toxicity of radiotherapy (RT) can affect cancer survival rates over the long term. This has been confirmed in patients with breast cancer and lymphoma. However, there are few studies utilizing the two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) to evaluate the risk factors affecting radiation induced heart disease (RIHD), and there is a lack of quantitative data. Therefore, we intend to explore the risk factors for RIHD and quantify them using 2D-STE technology.
METHODS: We ultimately enrolled 40 patients who received RT for thoracic tumors. For each patient, 2D-STE was completed before, during, and after RT and in the follow up. We analyzed the sensitivity of 2D-STE in predicting RIHD and the relationship between RT parameters and cardiac systolic function decline.
RESULTS: Left ventricle global longitudinal strain (LVGLS), LVGLS of the endocardium (LVGLS-Endo), LVGLS of the epicardium (LVGLS-Epi), and right ventricle free-wall longitudinal strain (RVFWLS) decreased mid- and post-treatment compared with pre-treatment, whereas traditional parameters such as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiac Tei index (Tei), and peak systolic velocity of the free wall of the tricuspid annulus (s') did not show any changes. The decreases in the LVGLS and LVGLS-Endo values between post- and pre-treatment and the ratios of the decreases to the baseline values were linearly correlated with mean heart dose (MHD) (all P values < 0.05). The decreases in the LVGLS-Epi values between post- and pre-treatment and the ratios of the decreases to the baseline values were linearly correlated with the percentage of heart volume exposed to 5 Gy or more (V5) (P values < 0.05). The decrease in RVFWLS and the ratio of the decrease to the baseline value were linearly related to MHD and patient age (all P values < 0.05). Endpoint events occurred more frequently in the right side of the heart than in the left side. Patients over 56.5 years of age had a greater probability of developing right-heart endpoint events. The same was true for patients with MHD over 20.2 Gy in both the left and right sides of the heart.
CONCLUSIONS: 2D-STE could detect damages to the heart earlier and more sensitively than conventional echocardiography. MHD is an important prognostic parameter for LV systolic function, and V5 may also be an important prognostic parameter. MHD and age are important prognostic parameters for right ventricle systolic function.
Systemic autoinflammatory diseases (SAID) include a broad spectrum of pathologies of innate immunity. In recent years, numerous publications have shown the involvement of new genes in these diseases, highlighting new pathophysiological pathways (inflammasome, NFkB: nuclear factor-kappa B, interferon) and new targeted therapies (biotherapy advantageously replacing non-specific anti-inflammatory drugs). Current laboratory diagnostic strategy is based on the Sanger method, the gold standard to date, allowing the sequential analysis of some genes (usually between 1 and 4). The nonspecific nature of the clinical presentation of these diseases, the increasing number of genes involved and the low diagnostic yield obtained, make it essential to develop a new strategy, more efficient, so that the patient can benefit as soon as possible treatment suited to his pathology as soon as the gene involved is identified. The investigator had developed and validated in our genetic laboratories a new method based on the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). A panel of 32 known or candidate SAID genes, which can be simultaneously analyzed within a time compatible with the diagnosis. The investigator wishes to highlight the benefits of this new strategy.
After the study of circulating tumor cells in blood through liquid biopsy (LB), this technique has evolved to encompass the analysis of multiple materials originating from the tumor, such as nucleic acids, extracellular vesicles, tumor-educated platelets, and other metabolites. Additionally, research has extended to include the examination of samples other than blood or plasma, such as saliva, gastric juice, urine, or stool. LB techniques are diverse, intricate, and variable. They must be highly sensitive, and pre-analytical, patient, and tumor-related factors significantly influence the detection threshold, diagnostic method selection, and potential results. Consequently, the implementation of LB in clinical practice still faces several challenges. The potential applications of LB range from early cancer detection to guiding targeted therapy or immunotherapy in both early and advanced cancer cases, monitoring treatment response, early identification of relapses, or assessing patient risk. On the other hand, gastric cancer (GC) is a disease often diagnosed at advanced stages. Despite recent advances in molecular understanding, the currently available treatment options have not substantially improved the prognosis for many of these patients. The application of LB in GC could be highly valuable as a non-invasive method for early diagnosis and for enhancing the management and outcomes of these patients. In this comprehensive review, from a pathologist's perspective, we provide an overview of the main options available in LB, delve into the fundamental principles of the most studied techniques, explore the potential utility of LB application in the context of GC, and address the obstacles that need to be overcome in the future to make this innovative technique a game-changer in cancer diagnosis and treatment within clinical practice.