anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The bidirectional regulation between the gut microbiota and brain, known as gut-brain axis, has received significant attention. The myelin sheath, produced by oligodendrocytes or Schwann cells, is essential for efficient nervous signal transmission and the maintenance of brain function. Growing evidence shows that both oligodendrogenesis and myelination are modulated by gut microbiota and its metabolites, and when dysbiosis occurs, changes in the microbiota composition and/or associated metabolites may impact developmental myelination and the occurrence of neurodevelopmental disabilities. Although the link between the microbiota and demyelinating disease such as multiple sclerosis has been extensively studied, our knowledge about the role of the microbiota in other myelin-related disorders, such as neurodegenerative diseases, is limited. Mechanistically, the microbiota-oligodendrocyte axis is primarily mediated by factors such as inflammation, the vagus nerve, endocrine hormones, and microbiota metabolites as evidenced by metagenomics, metabolomics, vagotomy, and morphological and molecular approaches. Treatments targeting this axis include probiotics, prebiotics, microbial metabolites, herbal bioactive compounds, and specific dietary management. In addition to the commonly used approaches, viral vector-mediated tracing and gene manipulation, integrated multiomics and multicenter clinical trials will greatly promote the mechanistic and interventional studies and ultimately, the development of new preventive and therapeutic strategies against gut-oligodendrocyte axis-mediated brain impairments. Interestingly, recent findings showed that microbiota dysbiosis can be induced by hippocampal myelin damage and is reversible by myelin-targeted drugs, which provides new insights into understanding how hippocampus-based functional impairment (such as in neurodegenerative Alzheimer's disease) regulates the peripheral homeostasis of microbiota and associated systemic disorders.
The patients in this arm will follow an exercise program for 24 weeks (i.e., during neo-adjuvant treatment), with two sessions per week including both aerobic and resistance training. Exercise intensity will range between 65% and 100% of the maximum score in the scale of Rated Perceived Exertion (RPE).
A promising immunotherapeutic approach in prostate cancer is whole-cell vaccination. Irradiated allogeneic tumor cells expressing GM-CSF generate a long-lasting and specific anti-tumor immunity in preclinical models. Results from several phase I and II trials showed Prostate GVAX (GVAX) to be well tolerated and suggested improved survival. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is a crucial immune checkpoint molecule that down-regulates T-cell activation and proliferation. Ipilimumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody (IgG1) that blocks CTLA-4, promotes antitumor immunity, and has been demonstrated in two phase III trials to improve overall survival in metastatic melanoma patients. Pre-clinical studies of the anti-CTLA-4 antibody in combination with GM-CSF secreting tumor cell vaccines demonstrated a potent synergy. In this phase I study the investigators examine in CRPC patients whether ipilimumab can be safely combined with GVAX. In addition, the investigators will treat an additional 16 patients at a dose level of 3•0 mg/kg to determine the safety profile and antitumor effects of GVAX and ipilimumab in patients with CRPC.
Asthma prevalence in young people has been rising in several African countries during the last decade, reaching between 10% and 20% in Central Africa, and up to 20% in South Africa. In addition, asthma related mortality in many African countries is high. South Africa has the third highest asthma related mortality rate in the world. Yet to date, a lack of asthma research and research infrastructure means that we do not have the evidence to either inform advocacy or to develop interventions that improve asthma outcomes.

This study aims to collect data about asthma prevalence and to identify existing barriers to effective asthma management of young people in 6 sub-Saharan countries: Malawi, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Uganda, Ghana, and Nigeria. Each of these countries identifies 500 young people with asthma between 12 and 16 years of age through a screening questionnaire in schools. These 3000 young people with asthma symptoms fill in a survey about asthma, including questions around asthma control, current treatment and access to care, asthma knowledge, asthma attitudes, smoking and environmental influences. Some of the participants also discuss asthma related topics in focus groups. A subset of the participants furthermore do Spirometry and FeNO testing. In addition to the data collection, the study develops and tests options for an intervention aimed at improving asthma control, including the adaption of a United Kingdom - based theater play about asthma awareness. The development of WiFi infrastructure and IT solutions is promoted by the study, where appropriate.
PURPOSE: To provide a preservation compsn. which contains substd. dihydroxyphenylalanine(DOPA) as an effective component, is suitable for topical application on the skin and more particularly the scalp and propagates the darkening of the color of the hair after regeneration. CONSTITUTION: The mono- and/or di-substd. ester of DOPA of, for example, formula I (R is H, a 1 to 20C alkyl or an alkenyl, etc.; Y<1> is H, OH; Y<2> is H, CH3 ) and formic acid deriv. as melanin precursor materials and a vehicle of the substd. DOPA permissible as cosmetics; for example, 3,4- dihydroxyphenylserine of formula II, are incorporated as effective components into this compsn. The content of the substd. DOPA is 0.0001 to 99.9 wt.%, more preferably 1 to 50 wt.% of the compsn. The substd. DOPA is absorbed by the skin or the hair folliculus, is metabolized in the living body and accelerates the melanin formation in the skin or the growth of the melanin colored hair and, therefore, the compsn. makes the color of the skin as dark as the color of the sunburned hair. The compsn. contributes to the growth of the dark- colored hair which is not white hair.
BACKGROUND: The incidence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) continues to rapidly increase, with limited available treatment options. One of the hallmarks of DKD is persistent inflammation, but the underlying molecular mechanisms of early diabetic kidney injury remain poorly understood. C-X-C chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), plays an important role in the progression of inflammation-related vascular diseases and may bridge between glomerular endothelium and persistent inflammation in DKD.
METHODS: Multiple methods were employed to assess the expression levels of CXCR2 and its ligands, as well as renal inflammatory response and endothelial glycocalyx shedding in patients with DKD. The effects of CXCR2 on glycocalyx shedding, and persistent renal inflammation was examined in a type 2 diabetic mouse model with Cxcr2 knockout specifically in endothelial cells (DKD-Cxcr2 eCKO mice), as well as in glomerular endothelial cells (GECs), cultured in high glucose conditions.
RESULTS: CXCR2 was associated with early renal decline in DKD patients, and endothelial-specific knockout of CXCR2 significantly improved renal function in DKD mice, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, and simultaneously decreased the expression of proinflammatory factors and chemokines in renal tissue. In DKD conditions, glycocalyx shedding was suppressed in endothelial Cxcr2 knockout mice compared to Cxcr2 L/L mice. Modulating CXCR2 expression also affected high glucose-induced inflammation and glycocalyx shedding in GECs. Mechanistically, CXCR2 deficiency inhibited the activation of NF-κB signaling, thereby regulating inflammation, restoring the endothelial glycocalyx, and alleviating DKD.
CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, under DKD conditions, activation of CXCR2 exacerbates inflammation through regulation of the NF-κB pathway, leading to endothelial glycocalyx shedding and deteriorating renal function. Endothelial CXCR2 deficiency has a protective role in inflammation and glycocalyx dysfunction, suggesting its potential as a promising therapeutic target for DKD treatment.
PURPOSE: A composition containing a rice bran extract for enhancing cerebral blood flow is provided to treat brain diseases including dementia, Parkinson`s disease, and Huntington`s disease and to be applied to a pharmaceutical or food composition. CONSTITUTION: A composition for enhancing cerebral blood flow contains a rice bran extract as an active ingredient. The composition is a pharmaceutical or food composition. The extract is prepared using 70% or more ethanol. A composition for treating or preventing brain diseases contains the composition for enhancing cerebral blood flow. The pharmaceutical composition is used by direct administration to the oral cavity or rectum or by injection into vein, muscle, subcutis, or endometrium. The pharmaceutical composition is manufactured in the form of a elixir, an extract, a powder, granules, a tablet, a liniment, an ointment, or a lotion.
A tissue microarray imaging system autonomously images, analyzes, and stores data for samples in a tissue microarray. The system may include a tissue microarray, a robotic microscope, and an imaging workstation that executes software to automatically control operation of the microscope to capture images from the microarray and analyze image results. A low magnification may be used to register samples within the microarray and obtain coordinates for each tissue specimen. Progressively higher magnifications may be used to analyze images of each registered specimen. Where multiple dyes are used to stain specimens, color separation techniques may be applied to independently measure and analyze each staining intensity. Images and quantitative data from the images may then be stored in a relational database for subsequent review. The system may be local, or may be Web-based for distributed control and sharing of results.
The primary purpose of this study is to demonstrate the ECG signal acquired by the AFGen1 device is of adequate quality and is suitable to support its intended use for the detection of Afib. This will be evaluated by comparing the ECG data acquired by AFGen1 to that acquired by an FDA cleared 12-lead ECG device using a Bland-Altman analysis of the R-R intervals and R amplitude measurements and Eigenvector magnitudes derived from principal component analyses of simultaneously captured waveforms measured by both devices by both devices. The ECG waveforms from both devices will also be adjudicated by 2 independent cardiologists. The study will also seek to demonstrate that there is no degradation in the quality of the ECG signal it acquires when the device is placed in an anticipated misplacement position to that directed by the instructions for use of the device. Finally the study will seek to confirm the adhesive performance of the device is appropriate to support its intended use per the requirements of sections 4.4 and 5.4 of ANSI AAMI EC12-1 . Another purpose of the study is to collect extended 5 minute ECG recordings by the subject periodically triggering the device while wearing the device for 7 (+3) days. This data will be used for product development purposes.
Subjects will participate in a tai chi program conducted in small groups (10 subjects per group) delivered by qualified instructors, who have experience in teaching tai chi to older adults. The tai chi intervention will be prescribed as a 3-month program with two 1-hour sessions weekly. Tai chi forms will be taught for 2 months followed by 1 month of consolidation. The 24-form simplified Yang-style tai chi will be adopted, as it is the most popular form of tai chi and older adults can manage to learn this simplified form of tai chi within 2-3 months. The instructors will introduce the safety issues, proper training principles, and skills to the subjects in their first class to minimize any avoidable adverse events due to improper skill/practice. The appropriate intensity will be individually determined for each subject by the attending instructors to achieve the training principle of progressive adaptation regarding the exercise intensity.
Circadian rhythms exert a profound impact on most aspects of mammalian physiology, including the immune and cardiovascular systems. Leukocytes engage in time-of-day-dependent interactions with the vasculature, facilitating the emigration to and the immune surveillance of tissues. This review provides an overview of circadian control of immune-vascular interactions in both the steady state and cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and infarction. Circadian rhythms impact both the immune and vascular facets of these interactions, primarily through the regulation of chemoattractant and adhesion molecules on immune and endothelial cells. Misaligned light conditions disrupt this rhythm, generally exacerbating atherosclerosis and infarction. In cardiovascular diseases, distinct circadian clock genes, while functioning as part of an integrated circadian system, can have proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects on these immune-vascular interactions. Here, we discuss the mechanisms and relevance of circadian rhythms in vascular immunopathologies.
The device is a class IIa device as per Annex II of the MDD 93/42EEC, as amended by Directive 2007/47/EEC. A CE-mark was affixed in 2014. The Zip device adheres to the skin adjacent to an incision or laceration by use of pressure-sensitive skin adhesives. A combination of acrylic and hydrocolloid adhesives is used to provide a skin-friendly environment while providing the necessary tack to maintain skin adhesion during a maximum wear time of 14 days. In addition to the pressure-sensitive adhesives, the device's closure and force distribution components are made up of polyurethane monofilm, polyethylene tape, polyester and nylon.
The invention discloses the human body immunocompetent cell (DCCIK) anti-tumor cell agent and preparation methods. The method induces patients peripheral blood  to DC and CIK using relevant cytokine, mixes the DC and CIK cells according proportion and cultures together after using alpha-Galcer or CI repeatedly impact DC, then gets DCCIK cells. Compared with homologous CIK, its proliferative activity and cytotoxicity are improved. The DCCIK has specific targeting and highly effective wide spectrum kill tumor effect without relevant tumor antigen impact. It can prevent tumour transition and recurrence after tumour surgery, radiotheraphy and chemotherapy. It can extend patient survival time and improve life quality with the assistance of other therapies.
BACKGROUND: Immunotherapy has shown considerable promise in cancer treatment, yet only a minority of osteosarcoma patients derive benefits from this approach. Hypoxia and lactate metabolism are two predominant characteristics of the tumor microenvironment. These features are crucial for molding the immune landscape and thus have the potential to act as predictive indicators for immunotherapy response.
METHODS: Prognostic modeled genes were identified through univariate and multivariate Cox regression as well as LASSO regression analyses. The tumor microenvironment was evaluated using ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, and ImmuCellAI analyses. Tide prediction and expression of immune checkpoints, MHC molecules, chemokines, interleukins, interferons, receptors, and other cytokines were utilized to estimate immunotherapy efficacy. Single-cell analysis was performed to demonstrate the expression of modeled genes among various immune cell types. Experimental validation was carried out to verify the expression and functions of SFXN4 and SQOR.
RESULTS: A potent signature was constructed with 8 genes related to hypoxia and lactate metabolism, including MAFF, COL5A2, FAM162A, SQOR, UQCRB, SFXN4, PFKFB2 and COX6A2. A nomogram incorporating risk scores and other clinical features demonstrated excellent predictive capacity. Osteosarcoma patients with high-risk scores exhibited poor prognosis and more "cold" tumor characteristics. According to the ESTIMATE algorithm, these patients displayed lower immune, stromal, and ESTIMATE scores, partially attributed to inadequate infiltration of key immunocytes. The Ciborsort analysis similarly indicated that high-risk individuals had diminished infiltration of critical anti-tumor immune cells such as Cytotoxic T cells, CD4+ T cells, and NK cells. The low expression levels of certain immune checkpoints, MHC molecules, chemokines, interleukins, interferons, receptors, and other cytokines in high-risk cases suggested their unsatisfactory responses to immune treatment. Tide prediction further demonstrated that fewer individuals classified as high risk may exhibit sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Notably, SFXN4 was found to be highly expressed in osteosarcoma tissues and cells; it promoted the growth, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells, while SQOR had the opposite effect.
CONCLUSION: Our research has developed a robust hypoxia- and lactate metabolism-related gene signature, providing a solid theoretical foundation for prognosis prediction, classification of "cold" and "hot" tumors, accessing immunotherapy response, and directing personalized treatment for osteosarcoma.
Men with castration-resistant prostate cancer will initiate androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with an LHRH agonist (e.g. goserelin or leuprolide) for a total of 6 months. After this initial "lead-in" castration phase, patients will receive intermittent intramuscular testosterone cypionate or testosterone enanthate (T) at a dose of 400 mg while continuing on ADT.
Hyaluronidase possesses the capacity to degrade high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid into smaller fragments, subsequently initiating a cascade of inflammatory responses and activating dendritic cells. In cases of bacterial infections, substantial quantities of HAase are generated, potentially leading to severe conditions such as cellulitis. Inhibiting hyaluronidase activity may offer anti-inflammatory benefits. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, a traditional Chinese medicine, has anti-inflammatory properties. However, its effects on skin inflammation are not well understood. This study screened and evaluated the active components of S. miltiorrhiza that inhibit skin inflammation, using ligand fishing, enzyme activity assays, drug combination analysis, and molecular docking. By combining magnetic nanomaterials with hyaluronidase functional groups, we immobilized hyaluronidase on magnetic nanomaterials for the first time in the literature. We then utilized an immobilized enzyme to specifically adsorb the ligand; two ligands were identified as salvianolic acid B and rosmarinic acid by HPLC analysis after desorption of the dangling ligands, to complete the rapid screening of potential anti-inflammatory active ingredients in S. miltiorrhiza roots. The median-effect equation and combination index results indicated that their synergistic inhibition of hyaluronidase at a fixed 3:2 ratio was enhanced with increasing concentrations. Kinetic studies revealed that they acted as mixed-type inhibitors of hyaluronidase. Salvianolic acid B had Ki and Kis values of 0.22 and 0.96 μM, respectively, while rosmarinic acid had values of 0.54 and 4.60 μM. Molecular docking revealed that salvianolic acid B had a higher affinity for hyaluronidase than rosmarinic acid. In addition, we observed that a 3:2 combination of SAB and RA significantly decreased the secretion of TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 inflammatory cytokines in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells. These findings identify salvianolic acid B and rosmarinic acid as key components with the potential to inhibit skin inflammation, as found in S. miltiorrhiza. This research is significant for developing skin inflammation treatments. It demonstrates the effectiveness and broad applicability of the magnetic nanoparticle-based ligand fishing approach for screening enzyme inhibitors derived from herbal extracts.
Systems and methods for microfluidic biosensor patches and health monitoring systems may include an iontophoresis module, a multi-inlet microfluidic sweat collection and sampling module, and a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) organic compound sensor module. The iontophoresis module may provide stimulation of the biological fluid sample. The biological fluid may be a sweat sample. Stimulation may be achieved via electrical stimulation and/or application of a stimulating agent. The microfluidic sweat collection and sampling module may include several adhesive layers with carefully designed inlets, channels, reservoirs and outlets for efficient collection and sampling of biological fluids. The MIP sensor module can quickly and accurately identify the concentration of key metabolites present in a biological fluid sample, which can be indicative of certain health conditions.
OBJECTIVE: It is well-established that patients with a history of gout are more susceptible to experiencing gastrointestinal bleeding. Gout flare during active gastrointestinal bleeding poses a significant challenge due to the gastrointestinal side effects of anti-inflammatory therapy. This study sought to investigate the risk factors associated with gout flares during episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective observational study involving 94 patients who experienced active gastrointestinal bleeding and had a history of gout. This study was conducted at Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital from January 2019 to October 2022. We collected and recorded demographic information and clinical characteristics.
RESULTS: Among the gout flare patients, hyperuricemia and intravenous fat emulsion therapy were more prevalent compared to those who remained stable (81.6% vs. 57.8% and 46.9% vs. 24.4%, p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that both hyperuricemia (odds ratio 2.741, 95% CI 1.014-7.413, p = 0.047) and intravenous fat emulsion therapy (odds ratio 2.645, 95% CI 1.046-6.686, p = 0.040) were independent predictors of gout flares. Furthermore, gout attacks occurred sooner in patients receiving intravenous fat emulsion therapy compared to those not receiving it (median: 4 days (interquartile range: 2) vs. median: 5 days (interquartile range: 2.25), p = 0.049).
CONCLUSION: Our study revealed a high incidence of gout flares during episodes of active gastrointestinal bleeding, with patients undergoing intravenous fat emulsion therapy and those with hyperuricemia being at increased risk.
PURPOSE:To prepare a massage lotion having faint fragrance of lemon or citron, by extracting lemon or citron with Japanese SAKE brewed from pure rice, separately extracting Hottuynia cordata with hot Japanese SAKE heated just before boiling, and mixing both extract solutions together. CONSTITUTION:A lemon or citron extract solution is prepared by immersing 1- 7 lemons or citrons in 1.8 liters of Japanese SAKE for 5-30 days. Separately, 5-30g of Houttuynia cordata is immersed in 1.8 liters of hot Japanese SAKE heated just before the boiling to obtain the Houttuynia extract solution. Both solutions are filtered separately, and mixed together to obtain the massage lotion. The ratio of the lemon or citron extract to the Houttuynia extract is 0.6-0.9 to 0.4-0.1. EFFECT:Since the extract of lemon, citron, Houttuynia, etc. containing a large amount of vitamin C having fatigue relieving effect is added to Japanese SAKE effective to promote the blood flow, the mental tranquillity caused by the fragrance can be attained in addition to the direct massaging effect to the applied part.