anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Infectious disease physicians in England have been diagnosing and managing occasional cases of viral hemorrhagic fever since 1971, including the United Kingdom's first case of Ebola virus disease in 1976. Specialist isolation facilities to provide safe and effective care have been present since that time. Following the emergence of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012, and the avian influenza A (H7N9) outbreak in 2013, and the 2014-2016 Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa, clinical and public health preparedness and response pathways in England have been strengthened for these types of diseases, now called high-consequence infectious diseases (HCIDs). The HCID program, led by NHS England and Public Health England between 2016 and 2018, helped to deliver these enhancements, which have since been used on multiple occasions for new UK cases and outbreaks of MERS, mpox, avian influenza, and Lassa fever. Additionally, HCID pathways were activated for COVID-19 during the first 3 months of 2020, before the pandemic had been declared and little was known about COVID-19 but HCID status had been assigned temporarily to COVID-19 as a precaution. The HCID program also led to the commissioning of a network of new airborne HCID treatment centers in England, to supplement the existing network of contact HCID treatment centers, which includes the United Kingdom's only 2 high-level isolation units. In this case study, the authors describe the airborne and contact HCID treatment center networks in England, including their formation and structures, their approach to safe and effective clinical management of patients with HCIDs in the United Kingdom, and challenges they may face going forward.
1,197,036. Monomethylol dicyandiamide ethers. L'OREAL. 19 April, 1967 [19 April, 1966], No. 62497/69. Divided out of 1,197,032. Heading C2C. An ether of the formula (in which R is an alkyl radical) is prepared in the form of a powder or concentrate by adding to its mixture with an alcohol having 1-4 carbon atoms hydrochloric acid in an amount not exceeding 0.5 mol per mol of ether, and optionally evaporating the resulting solution. In a modification of the process the ether is prepared in situ by esterifying monomethyloldicyandiamide in an alcohol of the formula ROH in which R is an alkyl radical, in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The mixture may be heated until dissolution. The concentrates may be used after dilution in acidified water for the treatment of hair. The powders are soluble in water and alcohol and solution thereof may also be used in the treatment of hair.
Two multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trials were conducted to determine whether treatment with Nutropin prior to renal transplantation in patients with CKD could improve their growth rates and height deficits. One study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial and the other was an open-label, randomized trial. The dose of Nutropin in both controlled studies was 0.05 mg/kg/day (0.35 mg/kg/week) administered daily by subcutaneous injection. Combining the data from those patients completing two years in the two controlled studies results in 62 patients treated with Nutropin and 28 patients in the control groups (either placebo-treated or untreated). The mean first year growth rate was 10.8 cm/yr for Nutropin-treated patients, compared with a mean growth rate of 6.5 cm/yr for placebo/untreated controls (p < 0.00005). The mean second year growth rate was 7.8 cm/yr for the Nutropin-treated group, compared with 5.5 cm/yr for controls (p < 0.00005). There was a significant increase in mean height SDS in the Nutropin group (–2.9 at baseline to –1.5 at Month 24, n = 62) but no significant change in the controls (-2.8 at baseline to –2.9 at Month 24, n = 28). The mean third year growth rate of 7.6 cm/yr in the Nutropin-treated patients (n = 27) suggests that Nutropin stimulates growth beyond two years. However, there are no control data for the third year because control patients crossed over to Nutropin treatment after two years of participation. The gains in height were accompanied by appropriate advancement of skeletal age. These data demonstrate that Nutropin therapy improves growth rate and corrects the acquired height deficit associated with CKD. 

The North American Pediatric Renal Transplant Cooperative Study (NAPRTCS) has reported data for growth post-transplant in children who did not receive GH prior to transplantation as well as children who did receive Nutropin during the clinical trials prior to transplantation. The average change in height SDS during the initial two years post-transplant was 0.15 for the 2,391 patients who did not receive GH pre-transplant and 0.28 for the 57 patients who did1. For patients who were followed for 5 years post-transplant, the corresponding changes in height SDS were also similar between groups.
Acute postoperative pain control remains a major challenge in healthcare, with a need to balance analgesic effectiveness, patient safety, and cost. Excellent analgesia is a universal clinical imperative, but our current approaches are often inadequate. Epidural opioids can be useful tools, but each carries its own strengths and limitations. Bolus morphine is long lasting but exhibits rostral spread in the cerebrospinal fluid, which raises risks of adverse effects, particularly late-onset respiratory depression. Lipophilic opioids such as fentanyl and sufentanil exhibit selective segmental analgesia but are of short duration due to systemic absorption. As such, they require continuous epidural administration via an indwelling epidural catheter and a pump (patient-controlled or continuous infusion), which has implications for nursing, pain management services, and hospital cost. Methadone's physico-chemical properties suggest that epidural methadone administration would be ideal in providing long-duration analgesia with fewer of the adverse effects seen with medications like morphine.

The aim of this study is to compare the effects of two medications given epidurally: morphine and methadone. We will do so using a randomized, double-blinded, crossover design study. During each of two study visits, participants will receive a single epidural bolus of either morphine or methadone. We will examine the ability of the medication to blunt pain from heat or pressure using quantitative sensory testing at both the dermatome of injection (leg) and a distant dermatome (face); in doing so, we will demonstrate relative segmental versus supraspinal or systemic opioid activity. Additionally, we will assess signs and symptoms of supraspinal opioid activity, which may predispose to adverse effects, and blood concentrations of each medication. Each of the aforementioned measurements will be conducted at multiple points over a 24 hour period. Following a washout period, patients will return for a second visit, at which time the protocol will be repeated using the other medication.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health concern, with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) being a defining characteristic of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome and affecting 15% of sporadic CRCs. Tumors with MSI-H have unique features and better prognosis compared to MSI-L and microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors. This study proposed establishing a MSI prediction model using more available and low-cost colonoscopy images instead of histopathology. The experiment utilized a database of 427 MSI-H and 1590 MSS colonoscopy images and vision Transformer (ViT) with different feature training approaches to establish the MSI prediction model. The accuracy of combining pre-trained ViT features was 84% with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.86, which was better than that of DenseNet201 (80%, 0.80) in the experiment with support vector machine. The content-based image retrieval (CBIR) approach showed that ViT features can obtain a mean average precision of 0.81 compared to 0.79 of DenseNet201. ViT reduced the issues that occur in convolutional neural networks, including limited receptive field and gradient disappearance, and may be better at interpreting diagnostic information around tumors and surrounding tissues. By using CBIR, the presentation of similar images with the same MSI status would provide more convincing deep learning suggestions for clinical use.
This study is a single-center, prospective trial to assess the agreement between arterial, central venous, and peripheral venous lactate measurements. When an arterial lactate is deemed to be necessary as part of ICU management, a central venous and peripheral venous sample will also obtained within 5 minutes. All of the samples will be analyzed using the same analyzer as quickly as possible. A maximum of 10 paired arterial and venous lactate samples will be obtained per patient to prevent a single patient from dominating the data set. Additional data collected on a standardized data collection form will include primary diagnosis, intubation status, use of inotropic agents, hypotension (defined as a systolic blood pressure \< 90 mm Hg), ICU length of stay and mortality. The Bland-Altman method will be used to assess agreement between arterial (A), central venous(CV), and peripheral venous (PV) lactate measurements. Approximately 50 patients will be enrolled in this study.
BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is a frequent complication of solid organ transplantation that adversely impacts both graft and recipient survival. There is a paucity of data on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in transplant recipients, particularly the long term outcomes. We conducted a study to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of pneumonia in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients to those in non-transplant (NT) recipients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical characteristics were abstracted from electronic medical records. Outcomes included time to hospital discharge, short and long-term mortality. Inverse-propensity score weights were assigned to account for between-group differences. Adjusted analysis included a weighted logistic regression. Results were reported as odds ratios with a corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CI).
RESULTS: A total of 7449 patients were admitted with CAP. Patients were divided into two groups: SOT recipients 42 (0.56 %) and NT recipients 7396 (99.2 %). SOT recipients were younger, more commonly males, with higher prevalence of comorbidities. After accounting for inverse-propensity score weighting, the odds of mortality were higher in SOT recipients in hospital, at 30 days and at 1 year. The magnitude of increase in mortality for SOT recipients was greatest at 1 year with 1.41 (95 % CI: 1.38-1.44) times higher odds.
CONCLUSION: In patients with CAP, SOT recipients are younger, more commonly male and have more co-morbidities compared with NT recipients. They also have higher 1 year mortality after adjustment. Clinicians must be vigilant toward the pronounced long-term mortality risk among these patients and ensure continued follow-up care for them.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a cosmetic excellent in cleansing effects on removal of oil and fat foulings by including a gelling agent and a polyoxyethylene fatty acid glyceryl. SOLUTION: This cosmetic is obtained by including (A) a gelling agent, e.g. a carboxyvinyl polymer or an acrylic acid-10-30C alkyl methacrylate copolymer and (B) a polyoxyethylene fatty acid glyceryl, preferably polyoxythylene coconut oil-derived fatty acid glyceryl (e.g. polyoxyethylene caprylic acid/capric acid glyceryl). In the above cosmetic, the amounts of the contained ingredients are preferably 0.1-10 wt.% of the ingredient A and 1-50 wt.% of the ingredient B. (C) A polyhydric alcohol (e.g. dipropylene glycol) in an amount of 5-40 wt.% can preferably be contained in the above cosmetic to thereby further enhance cleansing actions.
INTRODUCTION: The treatment of segmental tibial bone defects remains a surgical challenge. While Bone Transport (BT) and Induced Membrane Technique (IMT) are effective strategies for regenerating bone, there are few comparative studies between them. This investigation undertakes a comparative analysis of BT and IMT for large segmental tibial defects stabilised through plate fixation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with segmental tibial defects exceeding 5 cm were prospectively enrolled from 2008 to 2021 in a single institution, with a minimum follow-up duration of two years. All patients underwent either BT or IMT with plate fixation of the tibia. Procedural success, primary union as well as bone and functional outcome scores were compared. Complications, including non-unions, joint contractures and deep infections requiring surgical intervention, were also compared.
RESULTS: 41 patients were recruited in total. 28 patients underwent Bone Transport Over a Plate (BTOP), while 13 patients underwent IMT with Plate fixation (IMTP). The procedural success rate trended higher in IMTP compared to BTOP (100% vs. 85.7%). The primary union rate also trended higher in IMTP compared to BTOP (92.3% vs. 79.2%). BTOP and IMTP achieved similar rates of satisfactory bone outcome scores (78.6% vs. 84.6%) and functional outcome scores (75% vs. 76.5%). There was no statistical difference between procedural success, primary union, bone and functional outcome scores. The complication rate in BTOP was 78.6% (22 of 28), including five docking site or regenerate non-unions, eight deep infections and nine joint contractures. IMTP had a 38.5% (5 of 13) complication rate, including one non-union, two deep infections and two joint contractures. The complication rate was 2.04 times higher in BTOP compared to IMTP (p = 0.0117).
CONCLUSIONS: BTOP and IMTP are both equally effective techniques for regenerating bone in large tibial bone defects. However, IMTP may be a safer procedure than BTOP, with a lower probability of requiring additional procedures to address complications.
Subjects assigned to the immediate group will be prescribed a home exercise program during the first meeting. During the 12 week training period, the subject will read pamphlets (sent by mail) once to twice a month about developing skills to manage MS symptoms and motivational pamphlets about physical activity. In addition, the subject will have a phone conversation every two to three weeks with research staff to discuss the progress of the exercise program and to complete a short survey about his/her physical activity level.
PURPOSE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health concern. Exacerbation of COPD leads to poor health and frequent episodes of increased systemic and airway inflammation. Immunomodulatory drugs have garnered extensive attention because they may reduce the rate of COPD exacerbation. This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nemiralisib in COPD patients.
METHODS: Medical databases, including the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed, were queried from inception to June 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy of nemiralisib in COPD patients. This systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to assess the risk of bias of the included RCTs. Two authors independently conducted literature screening and data extraction. Key information from the included studies was extracted, tabulated, and compared using a data extraction table. Moreover, the key characteristics, quality, potential bias, and endpoint outcomes of the included studies were summarized. A meta-analysis was conducted when the study outcomes were sufficiently comparable, and the required data were available for extraction.
FINDINGS: Initially, 48 references were identified, leading to the inclusion of four trials. No significant difference was found between the nemiralisib and placebo groups in St George's Respiratory Questionnaire score, modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale score, COPD Assessment Test score, time to next on-treatment exacerbation, proportion of patients achieving exacerbation recovery, time to exacerbation recovery, and rescue medication use. Contrastingly, the results demonstrated that nemiralisib may lower oral corticosteroid use during acute exacerbation of COPD. Meanwhile, the efficacy of nemiralisib on the exacerbation rate, as well as several parameters associated with lung function, including forced expiratory volume in 1 second, specific airway conductance, specific imaging airway wall thickness, distal specific imaging airway volume measured at functional residual capacity, specific imaging airway resistance, low attenuation score, and internal airflow lobar distribution in the lower pulmonary region, were conflicting. Attributed to the limited number of included RCTs and insufficient extracted data, it was not feasible to conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis.
IMPLICATIONS: Because of insufficient data, this systematic review could not make any definitive statement regarding the efficacy of nemiralisib in COPD patients. In terms of safety, nemiralisib was generally well tolerated. Further trials are required to explore the efficacy of this drug.
Glioblastoma, a deadly brain tumor, shows limited response to standard therapies like temozolomide (TMZ). Recent findings from the REGOMA trial underscore a significant survival improvement offered by Regorafenib (REGO) in recurrent glioblastoma. Our study aimed to propose a 3D ex vivo drug response precision medicine approach to investigate recurrent glioblastoma sensitivity to REGO and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in tumor resistance or responsiveness to treatment. Three-dimensional glioblastoma organoids (GB-EXPs) obtained from 18 patients' resected recurrent glioblastoma tumors were treated with TMZ and REGO. Drug responses were evaluated using NAD(P)H FLIM, stratifying tumors as responders (Resp) or non-responders (NRs). Whole-exome sequencing was performed on 16 tissue samples, and whole-transcriptome analysis on 13 GB-EXPs treated and untreated. We found 35% (n = 9) and 77% (n = 20) of tumors responded to TMZ and REGO, respectively, with no instances of TMZ-Resp being REGO-NRs. Exome analysis revealed a unique mutational profile in REGO-Resp tumors compared to NR tumors. Transcriptome analysis identified distinct expression patterns in Resp and NR tumors, impacting Rho GTPase and NOTCH signaling, known to be involved in drug response. In conclusion, recurrent glioblastoma tumors were more responsive to REGO compared to TMZ treatment. Importantly, our approach enables a comprehensive longitudinal exploration of the molecular changes induced by treatment, unveiling promising biomarkers indicative of drug response.
Werner's Syndrome helicase (WRN) interacts in Tat/TAR-RNA chromatin-remodeling complexes assembled on the HIV-1 LTR to promote transcriptional activation and viral replication. WRN markedly increases basal HIV-1 transcription and synergizes with Tat to support LTR trans-activation. Inhibition of WRN functions, through expression of the trans-dominant-negative WRN K577M  mutant, potently represses HIV-1 LTR trans-activation and prevents intracellular synthesis of p24 Gag  and inhibits virus production in HIV-infected H9 HIV-1IIIB  lymphocytes. Therefore, the present disclosure provides a novel target for anti-HIV therapy. Methods and compositions of the disclosure may be used to perform high throughput screens for small molecule anti-HIV therapeutics. Such therapeutics may inhibit a stage in the HIV replicative cycle not affected by current anti-HIV drugs.
The invention refers to a heparin compound and its preparation method and application. The heparin compound is a heparin zinc-potassium double salt demonstrated by the formula of R(ZnOH)aKb. The R represents the heparin radical and a is between 3 and 5, b between 1 and 3. The heparin compound can be made through the following preparation method: dissolve the sodium heparin into the water and contact with the cinnamene cation exchange resin to get the heparin solution; add an amount of zinc hydroxide and potassium hydroxide to the heparin solution, whisk and dry it and get the mentioned solid heparin compound. The heparin compound can be used as the anticoagulant agent as well as the main material of the anti thrombus medicine. The heparin zinc-potassium as the anticoagulant agent meets not only the requirements of not affecting the components' balance and stability of the blood samples to be tested but also the requirement of the solubility in the blood. When it is chosen as the main resource of the anti thrombus medicine, the heparin zinc-potassium releases slowly, has long effect of medicine and no toxicity and is good for the zinc-adding of the human body.
A method and apparatus are disclosed for monitoring multiple ultrasound scanners of differing platform types for system events, acquiring system event data of the ultrasound scanners, and transferring the system event data to a remote location by applying a common data mining module and log viewer component in each scanner to act as an interface between a web server and control processing section within the scanners. A computer at an automated support center that is remote to the scanners interfaces to the web servers of the scanners over a network. The remote computer has a web browser to survey the scanners by communicating with the web servers over the network. The data mining module continuously monitors the scanners for system events. Log files are generated within the scanners during normal operation of the scanner. The log viewer component translates system event log files within the scanners in response to internal requests occurring in the scanners at regular, pre-defined time intervals. The system event information is displayed to an operator at the automated support center and/or formatted to provide to a customer for each scanner.
Chloroplasts are key players in photosynthesis and immunity against microbial pathogens. However, the precise and timely regulatory mechanisms governing the control of photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes (PhANGs) expression in plant immunity remain largely unknown. Here we report that TaPIR1, a Pst-induced RING-finger E3 ubiquitin ligase, negatively regulates Pst resistance by specifically interacting with TaHRP1, an atypical transcription factor histidine-rich protein. TaPIR1 ubiquitinates the lysine residues K131 and K136 in TaHRP1 to regulate its stability. TaHRP1 directly binds to the TaHRP1-binding site elements within the PhANGs promoter to activate their transcription via the histidine-rich domain of TaHRP1. PhANGs expression induces the production of chloroplast-derived ROS. Although knocking out TaHRP1 reduces Pst resistance, TaHRP1 overexpression contributes to photosynthesis, and chloroplast-derived ROS production, and improves disease resistance. TaPIR1 expression inhibits the downstream activation of TaHRP1 and TaHRP1-induced ROS accumulation in chloroplasts. Overall, we show that the TaPIR1-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of TaHRP1 alters PhANGs expression to disrupt chloroplast function, thereby increasing plant susceptibility to Pst.