anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Sotn ureteroscopy is a new lithotripsy procedure developed on the basis of ureteroscopy and includes a rigid ureteral access sheath, standard mirror, lithotripsy mirror, and Sotn perfusion aspirator. Thus, we performed a prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing the safety and efficacy of Sotn ureteroscopy in the treatment of renal and upper ureteral calculi.
METHODS: In this study, 224 patients with renal and upper ureteral calculi were randomly divided equally into study and control groups from March 2018 to March 2022. All the patients were approved by the hospital ethics committee (proof number: ZF-2018-164-01 and ZF-2018-165-01) of the Second Affiliate Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine in China. The primary outcome was stone-free rate (SFR) assessed by computed tomography on the 1st day and month after treatment and operation duration. The secondary outcome was postoperative complication rate.
RESULTS: In total, for upper ureteral calculi, the SFR of 1 day after operation of the Sotn ureteroscopy group was significantly higher than the rigid ureteroscopy group (83.6% vs. 60%, P=0.006). Moreover, operative time (33.7±1.80 vs. 52.9±2.73 min, P<0.005) of the Sotn ureteroscopy group was significantly lower than the rigid ureteroscopy group. Additionally, the SFR of 1 day after operation and operative time for the study group (Sotn ureteroscopy combined with flexible ureteroscopy) and the control group (flexible ureteroscopy alone) were 63.2% and 36.8% (P=0.005), 65.6±4.06 and 80.3±4.91 (P=0.023), respectively. However, there were no significant differences in the SFR of 1 month after operation, success rate of ureteral access sheath placement, and postoperative complications between the two groups (P>0.05). In subgroups with stone diameters ≥1.5 cm and stone CT values ≥1000 Hounsfield units, Sotn ureteroscopy showed more advantages in terms of the SFR of 1 day after operation. Importantly, complications such as ureteral injury, sepsis, fever, and severe hematuria were not statistically different between the two groups (P>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: For renal and upper ureteral calculi, Sotn ureteroscopy has the advantage of a higher SFR of 1 day after the operation and a shorter operative time, suggesting that the Sotn ureteroscopy may have further potential applications in clinics.
Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a globally prevalent inherited condition, with acute chest syndrome (ACS) being one of its most severe complications. ACS frequently leads to hospitalization, requires intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and can even result in death. This study aimed to discern the early indicators of impending ACS in children with SCA who were initially hospitalized due to painful vaso-occlusive crises (VOC). This was a retrospective, case‒control investigation of 120 patients aged 1-14 years seen at the King Saud Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from January 2021 to December 2022. Patients were classified into cases and controls: those who developed and did not develop ACS during hospital stay, respectively. Demographic factors, laboratory results, vital and clinical signs, and treatment protocols were compared between these groups. The following were significant predictors of impending ACS: previous diagnosis of asthma, history of ACS, recent upper respiratory tract symptoms prior to admission, and need for a blood transfusion within the first 24 h of admission due to a drop in hemoglobin levels. Further regression analysis indicated that elevated steady-state mean corpuscular volume, leukocyte count, total bilirubin, and an increased absolute neutrophil count level 24 h after admission also foreshadowed impending ACS among patients admitted for VOC. The location of pain was also significant; the incidence of ACS was higher in patients with back pain, but lower in those with pain confined to the limbs. The ACS group had a longer average duration of hospital stay compared to those with VOC alone, (7.6 vs. 5.8 days). Among patients initially admitted for VOC, 15.7% were diagnosed with ACS. Most ACS cases were managed with transfusions and antibiotics, and nearly one-third of patients needed admission to an ICU or a high-dependency area.
BACKGROUND: Most 3D-printed guiding templates require dissection of soft tissues to match the corresponding surfaces of the guiding templates. This study sought to explore the accuracy and acceptability of the novel 3D printed individualized guiding templates based on cutaneous fiducial markers in minimally invasive screw placement for pelvic fractures.
METHODS: The printed template was tested on five high-fidelity biomimetic phantom models of the bony pelvis and its surrounding soft tissues as well as on two fresh frozen cadavers. Four cutaneous fiducial markers were transfixed on each phantom model prior to performing CT scans to reconstruct their 3D models. Personalized templates for guiding screw insertion were designed based on the positions of the fiducial markers and virtually planned target screw channels after scanning, followed by 3D printing of the guide. Phase 1 consisted of five expert surgeons inserting one anterograde supra-pubic screw and one sacroiliac screw percutaneously into each phantom model using the 3D-printed guide. The deviation of screw positions between the pre-operative planned and post-operative actual ones was measured after registering their 3D modelling. A Likert scale questionnaire was completed by the expert surgeons to assess their satisfaction and acceptability with the guiding template. Phase 2 consisted of repeating the same procedures on the fresh frozen cadavers in order to demonstrate face, content and concurrent validity.
RESULTS: In Phase 1, all ten screws were successfully implanted with the assistance of the guiding template. Postoperative CT scans confirmed that all screws were safely positioned within the bony pelvic channels without breaching the far cortex. The mean longitudinal deviation at the bony entry point and screw tip between the pre-operative planned and post-operative actual screw paths were 2.83 ± 0.60 mm and 3.12 ± 0.81 mm respectively, with a mean angular deviation of 1.25 ± 0.41°. Results from the Likert questionnaire indicated a high level of satisfaction for using the guiding template among surgeons. In Phase 2, results were similar to those in Phase 1.
CONCLUSIONS: The 3D-printed guiding template based on cutaneous fiducial markers shows potential for assisting in the accurate insertion of percutaneous screws in the pelvis.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing a perfume composition which has a supply stability, a quality stability and a natural feeling independent on a harvest time. SOLUTION: A perfume compound and/or a perfuming agent is added to a natural raw material followed by steam-distilling in a batch method to collect a perfume component. The apparatus is provided with a distilling and extracting apparatus 40 capable of continuously performing a distilling operation and an extracting operation from a solid raw material under a normal pressure. Water and the solid raw material S composed of a natural raw material containing a perfume compound and/or a perfuming agent are subjected to the first distilling apparatus 31 and an organic solvent is added to the second distillation apparatus 35. The distilled vapor from the first distilling apparatus and the distilled vapor from the second distilling apparatus are mixed in a main body 52 of a cooling and extracting apparatus 51 while cooled.  The perfume component from the solid raw material is extracted in high efficiency by the organic solvent 36 in the cooling and mixing process.
The invention is directed to treatment or prevention of a disease characterized by deposition of Aβ in the brain using anti-N3pGlu Aβ antibodies. The diseases that can be treated or prevented include,  e.g. , Alzheimer's disease, Down's syndrome, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. The invention, in some aspects, is related to doses and dosing regimens useful for such treatments. The invention is also related to, in some aspects, human subjects who are responsive to treatment or prevention of a disease characterized by deposition of Aβ in the brain using anti-N3pGlu Aβ antibodies. The invention is also related to human subject who have one or two alleles of  APOE4 .
MRI screening will be performed as per standard-of-care by the MRI technologist staff. Imaging will be performed with 1.5 T or 3 T systems (Magnetom Vision; Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) using a multisection, single shot, spin echo, echo planer imaging sequence. Diffusion gradients will be applied in each of the x, y and z directions with three b values (0, 500 and 1000 s/mm2). Imaging parameters include a TE of 94 ms, field of view of 23 cm, matrix of 128 and section thickness of 5.5 mm for the 1.5 T system and a TE of 83 ms, field of view of 23 cm, matrix of 128 and section thickness of 3 mm for the 3 T system. Conventional spin echo imaging also will be performed at each examination under T1 and T2 weighted conditions, with a fluid attenuated inversion recovery sequence and Time-of-flight MRA of the Circle-of-Willis.
PURPOSE:To obtain KOSAN (rhizome of Panax ginseng) having high quality and excellent preservability and useful as a crude drug, in a short time at a low cost, by heat-treating tissue culture product of medicinal ginseng at a high temperature and drying the product at a temperature lower than the heat- treatment temperature. CONSTITUTION:Callus produced by the tissue culture of medicinal ginseng (e.g. Panax ginseng, Panax japonicum, Panax quinquefolium, etc.) is proliferated by liquid cultivation or solid cultivation process. After removing excess water from the culture product if necessary, the produce is heat-treated at 70-110 deg.C for 0.5-6hr (preferably 1-3hr) and then dried with hot air at 40-60 deg.C for 6-24hr to obtain the objective KOSAN. EFFECT:Since the water exisiting in the cultured medicinal ginseng can be removed effectively in a short time, the growing of mold can be inhibited. The product has excellent preservability because of its hard and dense structure. The drying can be carried out without using particular apparatus such as freeze- drying apparatus.
The safety and efficacy of Synagis were assessed in two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of prophylaxis against RSV infection in children at high risk of an RSV-related hospitalization. Trial 1 was conducted during a single RSV season and studied a total of 1502 children less than or equal to 24 months of age with BPD or infants with premature birth (less than or equal to 35 weeks gestation) who were less than or equal to 6 months of age at study entry. Trial 2 was conducted over four consecutive seasons among a total of 1287 children less than or equal to 24 months of age with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease. In both trials participants received 15 mg per kg Synagis or an equivalent volume of placebo via intramuscular injection monthly for five injections and were followed for 150 days from randomization. In Trial 1, 99% of all subjects completed the study and 93% completed all five injections. In Trial 2, 96% of all subjects completed the study and 92% completed all five injections. The incidence of RSV hospitalization is shown in Table 1. The results were shown to be statistically significant using Fisher's exact test. 

In Trial 1, the reduction of RSV hospitalization was observed both in children with BPD (34/266 [12.8%] placebo versus 39/496 [7.9%] Synagis) and in premature infants without BPD (19/234 [8.1%] placebo versus 9/506 [1.8%] Synagis). In Trial 2, reductions were observed in acyanotic (36/305 [11.8%] placebo versus 15/300 [5.0%] Synagis) and cyanotic children (27/343 [7.9%] placebo versus 19/339 [5.6%] Synagis). 

The clinical studies do not suggest that RSV infection was less severe among children hospitalized with RSV infection who received Synagis for RSV prophylaxis compared to those who received placebo.
GB226, 3mg/kg/time, is intravenously infused once every two weeks until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or study withdrawal decided by the investigator/subject. It is expected that each subject will be followed for 2 years. Subjects receiving GB226 treatment will be followed once every 2 weeks to the end of this study. If the patients terminate the treatment and their imaging assessment shows no progressive disease (PD), they should be followed once every 6 weeks until progressive disease (imaging evaluation). If the patients have progressive disease (imaging assessment), they should be followed every 3 months until the end of this study or premature withdrawal from the study. Relevant tests and evaluation should be completed at each visit according to standard of care. The follow-up visits can be performed by telephone. During the study, subjects must complete one imaging test and efficacy evaluation every 6 weeks until disease progression. Moreover, patients should be closely monitored for adverse events from subject enrollment to 30 days after the last dosing
A 6-month intervention, that consists of educational manuals on physical activity, diet and stress reduction and recommended 3 medical visits every 3 months for medical counseling and feedback using 5A (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and Arrange) framework . These Metabolic syndrome care materials and provider documentation will be embedded in electronic medical record system, and will be accessible to medical providers by usual means. This enhanced usual care by participant's usual health care provider focuses on metabolic syndrome and lifestyle modifications to reduce the risk of chronic disease.
Participants will receive 12 weeks of medically tailored meal delivery, comprising approximately half of their weekly caloric intake and consisting of foods prepared under the supervision of a registered dietitian to be compatible with a diabetes diet. They will also receive usual diabetes care and a Choose MyPlate healthy eating brochure for 12 weeks.
Improved compositions comprising a mixture of particulate bone growth material and polymeric carrier are provided. The particulate is preferably porous, resorbable, anorganic bone material. The polymeric carrier can be light-cured to form a cross-linked, biodegradable hydrogel. In one version, the bone growth material is a synthetic peptide bound to anorganic bone matrix particles and the carrier is methacrylated sodium hyaluronate (MHy) or methacrylated hydroxyethylcellulose (MHEC). The composition is particularly suitable for repairing defective dental and orthopedic bone tissue. The particulate and hydrogel carrier are biodegradable so the composition can be replaced by new bone formation over time.
PURPOSE:To obtain the subject composition having excellent storage stability over a wide range of temperatures, also improved in usability such as to be capable of using a highly polar oil component having been hard to formulate. CONSTITUTION:This water-in-oil emulsified composition comprises (A) pref. 1-50wt.% of a water including oil component capable of including water at >=135wt.% of its own weight when including water at 50 deg.C followed by returning to room temperature, e.g. an oil-soluble N-long chain acyl acidic amino acid mono or diester of the formula X and Y are both sterol's ester formation residues, or, such that one of them is a sterol's ester formation residue and the other being H, a 8-30C liquid higher alkyl, or alkenyl or 12-38C solid higher alkyl monohydric alcohol's ester formation residue; CR is a 8-22C long chain acyl; (n) is 1 or 2), (B) pref. 0.5-3wt.% of a water-swellable clay mineral, e.g. an organomodified clay mineral obtained by treating montmorillonite group or synthetic mica with a quaternary ammonium salt, and (C) water.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a serum lipid metabolism improver of natural soures that can be taken in for a long time because of its few side-effects and has an excellent function of serum lipid metabolism improvement. SOLUTION: This serum lipid metabolism improver includes a limonoid- containing substance originating from a citrus fruit as an active ingredient. In other words, it is a limonoid-containing substance that is extracted from a citrus fruit and contains limonin and nomilin as main ingredients. The citrus fruit is suitably extracted with diethyl ether and hexane is suitably used for separating the limonoid-containing substance from the extract. Any kind of citrus fruit may be used, but the seeds are desirably extracted because large amounts of limonoids distribute therein. The dose cannot be specified because it largely differs dependently on the seriousness of symptoms, age and the like, but usually 10-20 mg/kg body weight/day.
Influence from bias is unavoidable in clinical decision-making, and mental health assessment seems particularly vulnerable. Individuals with intellectual disabilities have increased risk of developing co-occurring mental disorder. Due to the inherent difficulties associated with intellectual disabilities, assessment of mental health in this population often relies on a different set of strategies, and it is unclear how these may affect risk of bias. In this theoretical paper, we apply recent conceptualisations of bias in clinical decision-making to the specific challenges and strategies in mental health assessment in intellectual disabilities. We suggest that clinical decision-making in these assessments is particularly vulnerable to bias, including sources of bias present in mental health assessment in the general population, as well as potential sources of bias which may be specific to assessments in this population. It follows that to manage potential bias, triangulating information from multi-informant, multi-method, interdisciplinary assessment strategies is likely to be necessary.
This study intends to select patients with confirmed moderate-to-severe CD and obstructive symptoms of intestinal stenosis, who have clear evidence of lumen stenosis caused by the disease itself through radiography or endoscopy. After the informed consent of the patients, comprehensive drug therapy with ustekinumab as the mainstay was performed. The basic information and medical history of the patients were collected, and the treatment process of the patients was followed up and recorded, and the drug regimen was adjusted according to the physician's experience and judgment. At different follow-up time points, blood, feces, tissue and other specimens of patients were collected according to the situation, and gastrointestinal endoscopy, imaging examination, laboratory index examination, self-assessment of subjects' symptoms, and nutritional risk screening were performed on the patients. This study evaluated the CD disease activity, obstructive symptoms, and radiographic or endoscopic remission in patients at different follow-up time points, and comprehensively evaluated the efficacy of ustekinumab in relieving stenotic CD and its related factors.

The investigators conduct follow-up and disease assessment at weeks 0, 12, 24, 52, and 104, respectively. The investigators define the primary endpoint of the study as the treatment success of ustekinumab at week 52, and investigate the efficacy of ustekinumab by site of stricture and assessed possible clinical, biochemical, and radiological predictors of treatment response at weeks 12, 24, 52, and 104. This clinical study provides evidence for the efficacy of ustekinumab-based comprehensive drugs in the treatment of stenotic Crohn's disease, provides biological information resources for future treatment options for patients with stenotic CD, and can also be used for disease diagnosis and treatment. In this group of people, the investigators tend to further analyze and find the influencing factors related to the development of stenotic CD disease and drug response, in order to provide corresponding support for clinical activities in the early stage of the disease or during the treatment process, and to improve the effectiveness and accuracy of individualized treatment for patients.
A total of 686 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus participated in a double-blind, active-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of empagliflozin 10 mg or 25 mg in combination with linagliptin 5 mg, compared to the individual components.

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled on at least 1,500 mg of metformin per day entered a single-blind placebo run-in period for 2 weeks. At the end of the run-in period, patients who remained inadequately controlled and had an HbA1c between 7% and 10.5% were randomized 1:1:1:1:1 to one of 5 active-treatment arms of empagliflozin 10 mg or 25 mg, linagliptin 5 mg, or linagliptin 5 mg in combination with 10 mg or 25 mg empagliflozin as a fixed dose combination tablet.

At Week 24, empagliflozin 10 mg or 25 mg used in combination with linagliptin 5 mg provided statistically significant improvement in HbA1c (p-value <0.0001) and FPG (p-value <0.001) compared to the individual components in patients who had been inadequately controlled on metformin (see Table 7, Figure 3). Treatment with empagliflozin 10 mg or 25 mg used in combination with linagliptin 5 mg also resulted in a statistically significant reduction in body weight compared to linagliptin 5 mg (p-value <0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference compared to empagliflozin alone.

Figure 3 Adjusted Mean HbA1c Change at Each Time Point (Completers) and at Week 24 (mITT population)
The present invention reveals the method for obtaining a new family of single-chain fragment variable recombinant human antibodies (ScFV). The invention particularly describes a scFv family resulting from independent processes of directed evolution for remarkably improving its binding affinity for the Centruroides noxius Hoffman (Cn2) and Centruroides suffusus suffusus (Css2)toxins, compared to the binding affinity of the parenting antibody, for said toxins. This family presented an improved crossed reactivity against several toxins, particularly neutralising toxins Cn2 and Css2. In addition, each variable neutralising the total venoms of both species, thus being the first antibodies reported with said characteristics. Maturation processes were used to reveal changes in key residues for achieving expression levels, stability and an improved affinity compared to those presented by the parenting scFv. These changes were introduced in the scFv 9004G antibody and the obtained scFv was called, in the present invention, LR, this new variable being able to rescue mice from a severe poisoning caused by 3 LD50 from a total venom fresh preparation of C, noxius (7.5 µ g/ 20 g of mouse) and C. suffusus (26.25µ g/ 20 g of mouse), with success rates of from about 90% and 100%. Finally, the LER variable results from the change in the position 43 in the LR variable. This variable is able to neutralise toxin Cn2 up to a molecular ratio of 1:1. The invention is also related to the DNAs encoding for the members of the new family of scFv, with the molecular vectors that contain said DNAs, with the cells containing these vectors and the methods for producing the antibodies fragment variants, and with pharmaceutical compositions, the use of said antibody fragments for the manufacture of compositions, matrixes that comprise the antibody fragments and diagnosis methods based thereon.