anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The LCD will provide 50-80g of carbohydrate per day with no caloric restriction. The planned macronutrient compositions (percentages of the total calories) of the diet were: 15-20% carbohydrate (\<80 g/day), 33% protein and 58% total fat.
OBJECTIVE: Optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH), the congenital underdevelopment of the optic nerve, is an increasing cause of visual impairment and is associated with pituitary dysfunction. Past studies have focused on the relationship between ONH, pituitary deficiencies, and brain imaging. However, recent studies have demonstrated the true risk for hypopituitarism lies with the presence or absence of ONH, irrespective of midline brain findings. This study reviewed the relationship between the health of the optic nerve (visual acuity) and pituitary gland (number and age of development of pituitary deficiencies) as a way to stratify risk, regardless of imaging findings.
DESIGN, PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS: Retrospective chart review of 197 patients seen at a single center from 2013 to 2022. Visual assessment was defined by distance acuity, and the presence of nystagmus or afferent pupillary defect. Pituitary deficiencies were diagnosed per Endocrine Society guidelines.
RESULTS: In children with bilateral ONH (bONH), profound visual impairment was associated with more pituitary deficiencies between 0 and 15 years of age. The odds of having any pituitary deficiency were 4.9 times higher (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.4-10.1) for patients with bONH versus unilateral ONH (uONH). Central hypothyroidism was the most common first presenting pituitary deficiency followed by growth hormone across all patients.
CONCLUSION: This study shows a significant association between severity of visual impairment and increased probability of pituitary deficiencies in children with bONH versus uONH. Children with ONH require urgent endocrine evaluation due to risk of pituitary deficiencies, but risk stratification may also be based on severity of visual impairment.
Patients undergo surgery and then receive adjuvant cisplatin IV over 6 hours on day 1, fluorouracil IV over 2-4 minutes on day 2, and vincristine sulfate IV over 1 minute on days 2, 9, and 16. Treatment repeats every 21 days for 2 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Social cognition encompasses a wide spectrum of abilities, enabling us to function properly in interpersonal interactions. Empathy constitutes one prominent ability of social cognition, which represents the human capability of understanding mental state of the other, and responding in sympathetic way (Leiberg \& Anders, 2006). Two sets of theoretical mechanisms were designed in order to explain how empathy is possible. Theory of Mind (ToM) is usually regarded as a more cognitive mechanism of empathy, in which a theory we posses regarding the other enable us to infer his mental state. 'Simulation' processing is another different mechanism of empathy. In contrast to the ToM perspective, the simulation perspective asserts that understanding the other's state of mind is achieved by an inner representation of that mental state in our mind, thus simulating his mental state. Therefore, the simulation theory may be associated with more affective aspects of empathy.

Schizophrenia encompasses a wide spectrum of psychotic disorders, characterized by severe cognitive, emotional and behavioral impairments. People who suffer from schizophrenia frequently exhibit social dysfunction, preventing them of a normal integration in healthy human environments. Recently it had been discovered that impairment in empathy and a specific impairment in effective TOM are mostly associated with the social malfunctioning of people who suffer from schizophrenia.

One of the biological substances most connected to social cognition is the neuromodulator Oxytocin. Among its known involvement in uterine contractions and lactating females, numerous recent studies have found an indispensable role for Oxytocin in various complex prosocial behaviors such as maternal behavior, attachment, partner preference and trust. It was suggested that Oxytocin may mediate the beneficial affect of social support, and is found strongly involved in different kinds of attachment. In a recent study, Domes et al. (2006) found that an intranasal administration of a single dose of Oxytocin enhanced the ability to infer mental states as conveyed by the eyes region (RMET, Baron-Cohen et al. 1995). These findings suggest a mediating role for the ability to use social cues in order to infer the other mental states. In the proposed study, we plan to examine the influence of a single dose of intranasal Oxytocin on the two primary mechanisms of empathy, namely mentalizing (Theory of Mind) and Simulation, both in healthy people and in people who suffer from schizophrenia. Mentalizing will be assessed by a variation of a validated ToM task, which requires cognitive and affective mentalizing. Simulation will be tested in two different tasks: emotion recognition via a dynamic paradigm of facial expressions, and recognition of biological motion, which necessitates the identification of the emotion conveyed in a video clips of point light walkers. Both of these latter tasks have been associated with simulation processing.
Understanding the cellular processes that underlie early lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) development is needed to devise intervention strategies1. Here we studied 246,102 single epithelial cells from 16 early-stage LUADs and 47 matched normal lung samples. Epithelial cells comprised diverse normal and cancer cell states, and diversity among cancer cells was strongly linked to LUAD-specific oncogenic drivers. KRAS mutant cancer cells showed distinct transcriptional features, reduced differentiation and low levels of aneuploidy. Non-malignant areas surrounding human LUAD samples were enriched with alveolar intermediate cells that displayed elevated KRT8 expression (termed KRT8+ alveolar intermediate cells (KACs) here), reduced differentiation, increased plasticity and driver KRAS mutations. Expression profiles of KACs were enriched in lung precancer cells and in LUAD cells and signified poor survival. In mice exposed to tobacco carcinogen, KACs emerged before lung tumours and persisted for months after cessation of carcinogen exposure. Moreover, they acquired Kras mutations and conveyed sensitivity to targeted KRAS inhibition in KAC-enriched organoids derived from alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells. Last, lineage-labelling of AT2 cells or KRT8+ cells following carcinogen exposure showed that KACs are possible intermediates in AT2-to-tumour cell transformation. This study provides new insights into epithelial cell states at the root of LUAD development, and such states could harbour potential targets for prevention or intervention.
Many providers caring for cardiovascular surgical patients utilizes BIS monitoring to gauge depth of anesthesia. The current practice involves placement of the BIS sensor on the patient's forehead per the manufacturer's recommendation on arrival to the operating room. The intervention in this study will add an additional BIS sensor to the patient's forehead. After syncing the two monitors for time, and ensuring appropriate skin contact and signal quality of both sensors, BIS monitoring will commence. BIS readings will be available every 12 seconds during the duration of the study, yielding up to 240 points of comparison per enrolled patient.
The purpose of the current research project is to use an e-learning educational approach to implement guideline-adherent care in first line HCPs. We aim to enhance the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behavior of HCPs towards a biopsychosocial approach in the management of LBP patients. We will compare the effect of an interactive e-learning intervention (i.e. experimental intervention) to an e-learning intervention without interaction (i.e. traditional intervention). Both interventions will be based on the most recent scientific literature regarding the management of LBP, but both the focus and the didactical approach will slightly differ between the interventions. We will use a mixed methods approach to gain an in-depth understanding of HCPs behavior in clinical practice.
The objectives of the present randomized clinical trial are to evaluate the clinical and radiographic changes over time of hard and soft tissues around implants with a convergent or divergent collar. Twenty volunteer participants with two edentulous regions in the maxillary esthetic zone (from the right second premolar to the left second premolar) will be included in the study. Two implants will be randomly installed, one with a convergent collar and one with a divergent collar. After 3 months of healing, individual crowns will be installed. At each visit the following parameters will be evaluated: plaque index, probing depth, bleeding on probing, the recession of the mucosal margin, intraoral radiographs, likewise control CBCT, and impressions will be performed. The visit will take place at 6 and 12 months and then annually for a minimum of 3 years. Changes at the level of the marginal bone will be assessed overtime on the radiographs. Dimensional changes will be clinically evaluated during control evaluations and later through digital impressions.
Patients at clinics that have been randomized to the SPIRIT arm will be given the option to participate in the intervention. SPIRIT is a two-session, 60-minute, structured psychoeducational intervention, targeting both patient and surrogate. Using a provider manual, the care provider follows six steps: 1) assessing illness presentation, 2) identifying gaps and concerns, 3) creating conditions for conceptual change, 4) introducing replacement information, 5) summarizing, and 6) setting goals and planning.
Subjects receive a single-dose treatment. Urine samples will be collected until 20 days after administration in 20 fractions: first urine of the day, every day.
An inhaler for inhaling powdered medicament from capsules is disclosed. The inhaler comprises a lower part 1. A plate 2 is capable of latching to the lower part, with which the lower part can be closed. A capsule holder 3 receives the capsules which can be countersunk into the lower part. A mouthpiece 4 is able to be latched to the plate. A cover 5 is latched closed by a closure element 6, and covers the mouthpiece in a closed position. The lower part, the plate, the mouthpiece, and the cover are jointed to one another by a single joint 7. An actuating member 8 can be set in motion from a resting position, and thereby co-operates with at least one pin 9 that can be pushed into the capsule holder.
Incisional hernias are very common, leading to over 380,000 operative repairs done annually. Despite the commonality of this problem, there has been no single operative repair that has become the standard. This is due to the high recurrence rates with all types of repairs, especially primary suture repair. Because of this, most repairs are done with some type of mesh, either made out of a prosthetic material or biologic material. Mesh repairs, however, have their own problems, namely surgical site infections and potential bowel erosion. Potential complications associated with prosthetic mesh for hernia repairs include: adverse reactions to the mesh, mesh erosion, stricture formation, adhesions resulting in bowel obstruction, enterocutaneous fistulas, injuries to nearby organs, nerves or blood vessels, infection, chronic pain and hernia recurrence. Potential complications associated with biological mesh include: adverse inflammatory response, laxity, eventration, and recurrent herniation. To address these mesh related complications, the separation of components technique was developed to reduce tension on the midline repair and the underlay technique was developed to place the mesh in the retrorectus space. Nevertheless, this technique still has a significant recurrence rate.

Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of biological or prosthetic mesh in incisional hernia repair, by assessing the associated rates of hernia recurrence and complications.
Alcohol dependence (AD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are among the most frequent psychiatric disorders in the general population, and the co-occurrence of those disorders represents a significant public health problem. Levels of alcohol use have been shown to be associated with levels of depressive symptoms among comorbid populations. Previous medication trials with SSRI antidepressants in this comorbid population have produced disappointing results. Mirtazapine is a non-SSRI medication with a unique structure and mechanism of action. Recent study results suggest that mirtazapine may be more effective and faster acting than other antidepressants. Our own recent open label pilot study suggested robust within-group efficacy for mirtazapine for decreasing both the drinking and the depressive symptoms of AD/MDD subjects. However, no placebo control group was employed in that study, so between-group efficacy versus placebo could not be assessed. The current grant submission proposes to conduct a first double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study to provide a preliminary assessment of the efficacy of mirtazapine versus placebo for decreasing the alcohol use and depressive symptoms of persons with comorbid AD/MDD. If the results of this proposed double-blind pilot study are promising, then the effect sizes found in this proposed study will be used to help design an adequately-powered R01 treatment trial to definitively test the efficacy of mirtazapine versus placebo in this comorbid population.
Participants received low flow oxygen therapy through a conventional nasal cannula. The initial flow rate for nasal cannula oxygen was set at 3 L/min. In cases of hypoxia, the oxygen concentration was adjusted by increasing the flow rate by 1 to 2 L/min.
Nutrients do not appear in nature alone with some appearing together more often than not. It is reasonable to posit that nutrients are working together, and thus, the synergies among the nutrients are important to understand. First, choline is integral to brain fatty acids in that phosphatidylcholine (PC) serves an active role in mediating hepatic export of fatty acids to extra-hepatic tissues such as brain: fatty acids are stored in the liver, and PC moves them to the brain. Erythrocyte PC-DHA is integral to our consideration of a potential mechanism behind our results. Enriched in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), PC comprises the cell membrane and influences membrane fluidity with downstream effects on signal transduction thereby improving speed of processing and recognition memory. Lutein has a very important role also in that it is known to co-localize with DHA specifically resulting in improvements in visual acuity, for example, and in general, it has been shown to protect fatty acids from peroxidation. Indeed, interventions with avocado have shown a significant increase in plasma lutein and a decrease in lipid peroxidation. It is hypothesized that lutein is also having this effect in the brain. As work with single nutrient supplementation does not yield strong cognitive effects, the investigators study the effects of co-occurring nutrients on cognitive development. The proposed study is designed to achieve an overall objective of establishing a whole food, avocado, as a viable study material in the pursuit of optimization of human milk with nutrients that support brain development. The long-term goal is to establish guidelines for maternal nutrition during gestation and lactation that include key nutrients for fetal and infant brain development, and the overall impact of this research program will be to set children on a trajectory for school readiness. The central hypothesis is that maternal avocado consumption will provide nutrients through human milk to support the development and function of neural substrates that support cognition. Specifically, choline, lutein, and fatty acids will work synergistically to improve brain function.

Mothers will be randomized to avocado or no avocado (due to lack of an appropriate control food). Participants will come to the lab 3 times across 6 months (enrollment/3months, 4.5 months, and 6 months). Milk sample will be provided every two weeks and will be picked up from the participants. At pickup, the avocado group will also be provided a new supply of avocados. Diet data will be collected at each visit/pickup (every two weeks). The infant will complete a recognition memory test using electrophysiology at 6 months as well as the Bayley Scales of Infant Development at 4.5 months. The mother will complete a temperament questionnaire at 3 and 6 months. Saliva samples will also be collected.
Infusion of 500 cc of isotonic NaCl 9% in 4 hours and 1000 cc 24-hour peripheral vein. The filling is being used in an "empirical" in severe EP and this group is therefore the control group.
High-fat diets (HFDs) are widely used in aquaculture due to their lipid and protein-conserving effects, thereby reducing feed costs. However, prolonged feeding of HFD often leads to metabolic disorders in fish, such as disruption of hepatic lipid homeostasis, liver injury, and disruption of glucose homeostasis. Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) plays an essential role in controlling glucose levels in the body and dampening immune reactions. However, its impact on teleosts remains poorly researched. The therapeutic potential of recombinant FGF1 (rFGF1) was examined in a 6-week culture experiment involving rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) that were fed an HFD. The results revealed that rFGF1 significantly reduced serum glucose levels and hepatic PEPCK and G6PC activities, but improved hepatic glycogen (P < 0.05), compared to the HFD + PBS group. Further experiments indicated that the inhibitory effect of rFGF1 on hepatic gluconeogenesis was mediated by the cAMP signaling pathway and was dependent on the high expression of PDE4D. In addition, rFGF1 increased hepatic glycogen content, which involves the AKT-GSK3β axis. Despite this increase, rFGF1 did not lead to glycogen storage disease, as shown by reduced hepatic inflammation as a result of decreased GOT (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase), GPT (glutamic pyruvic transaminase), and elevated SOD (superoxide dismutase) in the rFGF1-treated group, accompanied by decreased il-1β, il-6, and xbp-1, and elevated nrf2 and number of hepatocyte autophagosomes. Alterations in gut microbes and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were noted, indicating that rFGF1 caused a notable rise in intestinal Lactobacillus, acetic acid, and butyric acid levels. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms of rFGF1 on glucose metabolism and inflammatory responses in an HFD-fed rainbow trout model, providing new insights to improve the regulation of glucose metabolism in carnivorous fish.
This study is a double-blind, parallel-group, and randomization study. The investigators will enroll the patients with heart failure who demonstrated LV systolic dysfunction (LVEF ≤ 40%) and sinus rhythm with a CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥ 3. All patients would be randomly assigned to either the apixaban group or placebo group. Patients assigned to the apixaban group will receive 5mg bid or 2.5mg bid (patients with at least 2 of the following characteristics: aged≥80-year, bodyweight ≤60kg, serum creatinine 1.5 ml/dL) and patients in the placebo group will receive a placebo of apixaban. Both drugs will be maintained for 6 months. During the study period, all patients will be carefully monitored for thromboembolic events, including stroke. At the beginning of the study and 6 months after randomization, 3T Brain MRI and MMSE-2 test will be performed to identify changes in brain structure and cognitive function.
With the goal of creating a combination vaccine against  Shigella  and other diarrheal pathogens we have constructed a prototype vaccine strain of  Shigella flexneri  2a (SC608) that can serve as a vector for the expression and delivery of heterologous antigens to the mucosal immune system. SC608 is an asd derivative of SC602, a well-characterized vaccine strain, which has recently undergone several phase 1 and 2 trials for safety and immunogenicity. Using non-antibiotic asd-based plasmids, we have created novel constructs for the expression of antigens from enterotoxigenic  E. coli  (ETEC), including CFA/I (CfaB and CfaE) and the B-subunit from heat-labile enterotoxin (LTB) in  Shigella  vaccine strain SC608. Heterologous protein expression levels and cellular localization are critical to immune recognition and have been verified by immunoblot analysis. Following intranasal immunization (SC608(CFAI) and SC608(CFAI/LTB) of guinea pigs, serum IgG and IgA immune responses to both the  Shigella  LPS and ETEC antigens can be detected by ELISA. In addition, ELISPOT analysis for ASCs from cervical lymph nodes and spleen showed similar responses. All vaccine strains conferred high levels of protection against challenge with wild-type  S. flexneri  2a using the Sereny test. Furthermore, serum from guinea pigs immunized with SC608 expressing CfaB and LTB contained antibodies capable of neutralizing the cytological affects of heat-labile toxin (HLT) on Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. These initial experiments demonstrate the validity of a multivalent invasive  Shigella  strain that can serve as a vector for the delivery of pathogen-derived antigens.
Single arm consisting of a six-week treatment period with X-PACT (phosphor device and methoxsalen sterile solution and subsequently exposing the tumor to X-ray energy) administered as an intra-tumoral injection. Intra-tumoral injections will be given on D1, D3 and D5 of Week 1, on D1 of Week 2, and a booster on D1 of Week 6. After the week 8 tumor assessment subjects demonstrating stable disease, partial response or unconfirmed progression assessed by iRecist, will be eligible to receive two additional booster treatments 4-6 weeks apart.
The invention discloses an anticancer drug quaternary ammonium salt hydroxyethyl starch-curcumin prodrug and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of biomedical high polymer materials. According to the invention, quaternary ammonium salt hydroxyethyl starch is used as a polymer skeleton, and hydrophobic curcumin and hydrophilic quaternary ammonium salt hydroxyethyl starch are coupled through thiodipropionic acid to prepare the curcumin prodrug capable of self-assembling to form nano micelle. The obtained curcumin prodrug can self-assemble in water to form nano micelle, and solves the problems of poor solubility and easy crystallization precipitation of curcumin in water. Under the action of ROS, thioether bonds in curcumin prodrug micelle can be rapidly broken and curcumin is released, so that the drug is released in response to the tumor part. Meanwhile, under the action of surface quaternary ammonium root, curcumin prodrug micelle can be rapidly phagocytized by tumor cells and has mitochondrial targeting delivery capability. The curcumin prodrug micelle designed by the invention can obviously improve the anti-tumor effect of curcumin and has good application prospect.
PURPOSE: To obtain a medicinal composition containing a specific benzimidazole derivative or a mixture thereof with a β-blocker or a bradycardia agent in an amount capable of bringing a synergistic effect, and effective for the prevention and treatment of myocardial infarction, especially for the lysis of an acute myocardial infarction. CONSTITUTION: This medicinal composition contains a compound of the formula (R is a 1-5C alkyl, hydroxyphenyl or a methoxyphenyl), a 3H tautomer thereof, an optically active antipode thereof or an acid adduct salt thereof, e.g. 2-(4- methoxyphenyl)-5-(5-methyl-3-oxo-4,5-dihydro-2H-6-pyridazinyl)-benzimi dazole, or a mixture thereof with a β-blocker (e.g. atenolol, betaxolol) or a bradycardia agent (e.g. etafenone, diltiazam) in an amount capable of bringing a synergistic effect. It is preferable to blend active ingredients having an equivalent half life period.