anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Complete or Partial Reversal of Opioid Depression

Naloxone prevents or reverses the effects of opioids including respiratory depression, sedation and hypotension. Also, Naloxone can reverse the psychotomimetic and dysphoric effects of agonist-antagonists such as pentazocine.

Naloxone is an essentially pure opioid antagonist, i.e., it does not possess the "agonistic" or morphine-like properties characteristic of other opioid antagonists. When administered in usual doses and in the absence of opioids or agonistic effects of other opioid antagonists, it exhibits essentially no pharmacologic activity.

Naloxone has not been shown to produce tolerance or cause physical or psychological dependence. In the presence of physical dependence on opioids, naloxone will produce withdrawal symptoms. However, in the presence of opioid dependence, opiate withdrawal symptoms may appear within minutes of naloxone administration and will subside in about 2 hours. The severity and duration of the withdrawal syndrome are related to the dose of naloxone and to the degree and type of opioid dependence.

While the mechanism of action of naloxone is not fully understood, in vitro evidence suggests that naloxone antagonizes opioid effects by competing for the mu, kappa, and sigma opiate receptor sites in the CNS, with the greatest affinity for the mu receptor.

When naloxone hydrochloride is administered intravenously, the onset of action is generally apparent within two minutes; the onset of action is slightly less rapid when it is administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly. The duration of action is dependent upon the dose and route of administration of naloxone hydrochloride. Intramuscular administration produces a more prolonged effect than intravenous administration. Since the duration of action of naloxone may be shorter than that of some opiates, the effects of the opiate may return as the effects of naloxone dissipates.

The requirement for repeat doses of naloxone, however, will also be dependent upon the amount, type and route of administration of the opioid being antagonized.

Adjunctive Use in Septic Shock  
Naloxone has been shown in some cases of septic shock to produce a rise in blood pressure that may last up to several hours; however this pressor response has not been demonstrated to improve patient survival. In some studies, treatment with naloxone in the setting of septic shock has been associated with adverse effects, including agitation, nausea and vomiting, pulmonary edema, hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, and seizures. The decision to use naloxone in septic shock should be exercised with caution, particularly in patients who may have underlying pain or have previously received opioid therapy and may have developed opioid tolerance.

Because of the limited number of patients who have been treated, optimal dosage and treatment regimens have not been established.
Many studies over the past decade have demonstrated that clinical outcomes can be improved in critically ill adults by aggressive management of hyperglycemic with insulin infusions (Van Den Berghe 2001, Van Den Berghe 2006, Krinsey 2004, Treggari 2008, Scalea, 2007, Lang 2007). Yet, in some of these studies and other recent trials (i.e. Glucontrol (Preiser, 2009) VISEP (Brunkhorst, 2008) and (NICE-SUGAR, 2009)), have highlighted the potential and real risks of glycemic control (namely iatrogenic hypoglycemia) and questioned how effectively glucose can be controlled in critical illness. One reason for the suboptimal glycemic control witnessed in some trials may be not rigorously refined and validated. Even as such, many medical oversight committees (including the Institutes of Healthcare Improvement, the American Diabetes Association, and Society of Critical Care Medicine, among others) continue to recommend regular and aggressive glycemic control in critically ill patients. Although not specifically included nor excluded from such recommendations, most pediatric intensivists have not incorporated glycemic control into regular practice primarily due to concerns of therapy induced hyperglycemia - although there are reports of protocols that appear to be effective at controlling BG levels with low rates of hypoglycemia (Preissig et al 2008, Verhoeven et al 2009).

Our group at Emory University and Children's' Healthcare of Atlanta has taken a progressive, yet methodical, approach to better understand the implications of hyperglycemia and its treatment in critically ill and injured children. Practitioners at our facility developed a pediatric-specific protocol to identify and treat hyperglycemia in critically ill children. We have instituted this approach as standard care in our facility and have experience with managing several hundred children with hyperglycemia. Our approach to glycemic management has very promising safety and efficacy profiles, even when compared to the most stringent and successful glycemic control protocols used in adults. We published the first experience in pediatric glycemic control in pediatric in 2008 (Preissig et al PCCM 2008) and have used our experience to identify specific risk factors for developing hypoglycemia (Preissig et al JPed, 2009).

The goal of this proposal is to assist our step-wise approach in investigating hyperglycemia in critically ill children by externally validating our glycemic control protocol via multi-center evaluation. In doing so, we will also be developing the infrastructure and a tested intervention that can be leveraged for future studies of hyperglycemia in pediatric critical illness, including a multi-center outcome trial. The specific hypothesis for this project is that our protocol is safe and efficient at identifying and managing hyperglycemia in critically ill or injured children in pediatric ICUs regardless of ICU size, acuity, model, staffing makeup, or clinical focus.
A multi-layer long-acting skincare mask and a method for using same. The mask comprises: a composite substrate layer (1) and a crystal structure provided on the composite substrate layer (1). The composite substrate layer comprises a face attachment layer (11) and a regulating layer (12); a plurality of grooves (2) are formed on a fabric on the side of the regulating layer (12) facing the face attachment layer (11); seep holes are formed at the bottoms of the grooves; a plurality of through holes (6) are formed on the composite substrate layer; storage capsules (4) are provided near the through holes; the storage capsules (4) are made of a flexible material; the storage capsules are located in an interlayer between the face attachment layer (11) and the regulating layer (12); and the storage capsules (4) are respectively tightly attached to the face attachment layer (11) and the regulating layer (12). The crystal structure comprises a plurality of massage particles; the massage particles are hollow shells and are embedded into the grooves; and the massage particles are located in the interlayer between the face attachment layer (11) and the regulating layer (12). The mask further comprises an essence that can rapidly diffuse on the composite substrate layer (1). The essence rejuvenates facial skin, and the massage particles massage a face, thereby activating the skin and achieving better absorption of the essence by the skin.
Anesthetics have varying physiological effects, but most notably alter ion channel kinetics. Alfaxalone is a rapid induction and washout neuroactive anesthetic, which potentiates γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-activated GABAA receptor (GABAA-R) currents. This study aims to identify any long-term effects of alfaxalone sedation on pyramidal neuron action potential and GABAA-R properties, to determine if its impact on neuronal function can be reversed in a sufficiently short timeframe to allow for same-day electrophysiological studies in goldfish brain. The goldfish (Carassius auratus) is an anoxia-tolerant vertebrate and is a useful model to study anoxia tolerance mechanisms. The results show that alfaxalone sedation did not significantly impact action potential properties. Additionally, the acute application of alfaxalone onto naive brain slices caused the potentiation of whole-cell GABAA-R current decay time and area under the curve. Following whole-animal sedation with alfaxalone, a 3-h wash of brain slices in alfaxalone-free saline, with saline exchanged every 30 min, was required to remove any potentiating impact of alfaxalone on GABAA-R whole-cell currents. These results demonstrate that alfaxalone is an effective anesthetic for same-day electrophysiological experiments with goldfish brain slices.
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is used either as definitive treatment alone or as a "boost" in combination with whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) for the treatment of brain metastases. To establish a target for SRS, the gross tumor volume (GTV) is typically defined as the contrast-enhancing volume on T1-weighted axial MRI images. In turn, the volume chosen for treatment (the planning target volume or PTV) is generated by expanding the GTV to account for microscopic extension of tumor beyond the MRI-visualized volume and deviations in patient positioning at the time of treatment., However, the optimal PTV in patients undergoing SRS of brain metastases has not been established.

This pilot randomized study of approximately 49 patients (representing a total of 80 brain lesions) should be sufficient to explore the effect of margin expansion around the GTV for brain metastases. The patients enrolled in this study will undergo radiosurgery to a planning treatment volume generated by expanding the GTV of each lesion by either a 1mm or 3mm margin. Each lesion, not each patient, will be randomized to receive either the 1mm or 3mm margin with 40 lesions randomized to each arm (a patient with multiple lesions potentially could have a lesion randomized to the 1mm arm and a different lesion randomized to the 3mm arm). The primary outcome of 12-month local recurrence and the secondary outcome of the rate of radionecrosis at the SRS treatment site will be lesion-specific outcomes. All other secondary outcomes will be patient-specific outcomes.
There will be two phases of the study. In "Phase I", 30 participants will be recruited for assessment of information satisfaction, psychological stress, illness perception, and symptom burden throughout their head and neck cancer treatment without any intervention. This group will represent the current standard of care in the head and neck group and serve as a "historical control" for the second group. In "Phase II", which will occur after "Phase I" group, 30 new participants will be recruited to receive a handbook and to have it integrated into their cancer care. The same participant reported outcome measures of information satisfaction, psychological stress, illness perception, and symptom burden will be assessed such that comparisons between phases can be made. This will serve as a pilot study of the implementation and maintenance of an educational intervention in clinical practice and how it affects participant-reported outcomes. Comparison of these two groups of participants will provide the baseline data to plan future interventions.
A water-based composition containing oil soluble components may include an anhydrous concentrate and a hydration component, which may be stored in separate vessels prior to mixing. The anhydrous concentrate may be combined with the hydration component to create a consumer product such as a topical cream. The anhydrous concentrate may include a preparation that includes a liquid dispersion polymer, an inverting surfactant and a binding agent, and may also include lipid-soluble vitamins, antioxidants and the like. The hydration component may include water and a preservative system and also may include water-soluble vitamins, antioxidants and the like. Two forms (i.e. lipid-soluble and water-soluble) of a given ingredient (such as vitamin C) may be provided in the concentrate and the hydration component, respectively. A third vessel may be used for mixing the concentrate with the hydrator and/or dispensing the concentrate, the hydrator and/or the consumer product.
Each panel will consist of 5 different advertisements for CBD. With 11 panels and 5 images each, there are a total of 55 images that will be viewed by the participants. Participants will view an image, one at a time, and answer questions about their perceptions of the advertisement.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled composite capable of releasing the physiologically active component at a constant rate for a long period, by hot-pressing a carrier with a mold, placing a physiologically active substance in the cavity of the molded carrier, covering the substance with the carrier, and again hot-pressing the product. CONSTITUTION:A carrier is charged in a mold having a desired form, and hot- pressed with a convex press to form a cavity to the carrier. A physiologically active substance is placed at the center of the cavity, covered with the carrier, and hot-pressed with a flat press to obtain a slow-releasing composite having sandwich structure. The hot-pressing is carried out preferably at 20-300 deg.C and 50-10,000kg/cm<2> pressure. The releasing rate of the physiologically active substance can be suppressed by irradiating the sandwiched product with light or ionizing radiation after the hot-press with the flat press. The carrier is e.g. amino acid, hemoglavin, etc., and the physiologically active substance is an anti- malignant tumor agent, a hormone preparation, etc.
A formulation and method of use for neutralizing the acidity in the mouth of a patient. The method comprises taking into the mouth an aqueous solution comprising a water soluble inorganic salt consisting of sodium and/or potassium chloride, a sodium phosphate buffer consisting of sodium monophosphate and/or sodium diphosphate and glycerin in a pH-balanced solution, maintaining the aqueous solution in the mouth for a period of time sufficient to reduce the acidity in the mouth, and thereafter spitting out the aqueous solution. The amount of sodium/potassium chloride present in the aqueous solution may be from about 0.45% to about 2.0% by weight per unit volume. The amount of sodium monophosphate in the aqueous solution may be from about 0.005% to about 0.02% by weight per unit volume, for example. The amount of sodium diphosphate in the aqueous solution may be from about 0.005% to about 0.02% by weight per unit volume. The amount of glycerin in the aqueous solution may be about 0.0005% to about 0.002% by weight per unit volume. The pH of the aqueous solution may be from 6.5 to 7.5. The period of time to maintain the aqueous solution in the mouth may be from about 30 seconds to two minutes.
Multiple doses of placebo administered IV either Q2W or QW for 6 weeks. Participants discontinued their personal physician-prescribed ESA dose before treatment.
Patients receive AZD4547 PO BID on days 1-28. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
A skin whitening composition containing albutin beta derivative is provided to suppress tyrosinase activation and over synthesis of melanin and have excellent safety. A composition for skin whitening comprises a beta-D-glucosyl-(1->3)-arbutin which is an albutin beta derivative of the chemical formula 1. The albutin beta derivative is synthesized through the transglycosylation of thermotoga neapolitana beta-glucosidase. The composition is used in a form of oral preparation, cosmetic product, parenteral formulation of external skin preparation, and medicinal product. The cosmetic product is used in a form of ointment, solution, cream, emulsion, lotion, gel, essence, foundation, pack mask, rouge, stick, and bath product. The composition further comprises 0.0001-10 weight% of whitening agent.
The medicamentous correction of the shifts in L-arginine / nitrogen oxide system in the patients with the pathology of the internal organs comprises the biochemical examination of blood plasma prior to the treatment. The dysfunction of the epithelium is assessed and the combined therapy is initiatedcomprising the inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme and the donator of nitrogen oxide. The content of L-arginine as the donator of nitrogen oxide, the levels of the spontaneous neutrophil adhesion and ADP-induced platelet aggregation are assessed. When the content of L-arginine decreases while the levels of the spontaneous neutrophil adhesion and ADP-induced platelet aggregation increase, the combined therapy is initiated with the use of glutargin as the donator of nitrogen oxide. Glutargin is injected intravenously, and later the tablets of the drugs are used at the effective therapeutic dose. After the course of the treatment, the control parameters are assessed once again for deciding whether the continuation of the treatment is necessary.
UNLABELLED: Vitamin E is associated with the regulation of lipid metabolism. Our previous study revealed an inverse relationship between birth weight and cord blood vitamin E levels, suggesting a potential link between vitamin E and fetal growth. The aim of this study was to determine the association between vitamin E with fetal growth and lipids. In this investigation, a study involving 146 mother-infant pairs was performed. Cord plasma concentrations of vitamin E and lipids were measured. Our findings showed that cord plasma vitamin E levels were elevated in small for gestational age (SGA) infants, and higher vitamin E levels were associated with an increased risk of SGA (OR = 2.239, 95% CI 1.208, 4.742). Additionally, among lipid levels, higher cord plasma triglyceride (TG) levels were associated with increased risks of SGA (OR = 97.020, 95% CI 5.137, 1832.305), whereas after adjusting for confounding factors, the risk became no longer statistically significant. We also found a positive correlation between cord blood vitamin E concentrations and lipid levels.
CONCLUSION: elevated cord blood vitamin E concentrations may be associated with a higher risk of SGA and are positively correlated with lipid levels, suggesting a potential role for vitamin E in fetal lipid metabolism.
WHAT IS KNOWN: • Vitamin E is associated with the regulation of lipid metabolism. • Vitamin E is inversely related to birth weight.
WHAT IS NEW: • Elevated cord blood vitamin E concentrations may be associated with a higher risk of SGA and positively correlated with lipid levels.
A total of 249 control CTs was performed, where the initial CT was normal regarding tICH. In the initial assessments 1 case of d-ICH (0,41%) was found, but after second opinion this case (case 1, Table 1) was regarded as a pictorial artefact (Table 1). Hence, no d-ICH was found.
The TRAD group will perform their lower extremity resistance exercise for 15 minutes per session with isotonic weight machines and cuff weights as part of their multicomponent exercise fall reduction program (MCERFP). The progression of the 3 x/week, 12 week TRAD program will be determined as a relative function of their 1 repetition maximum (1RM) weight that can be lifted in a safe and successful manner. The 1RM will be measured before the 12 week training program and every 2 weeks thereafter. A "target" resistance workload (i.e., weight level) commensurate with 60-70% of the 1RM of the knee and hip extensors will be calculated bi-monthly and 3 sets of 15 repetitions of 3-4 different knee and hip exercises will be used over a 15 minute time period.
The Phase I (50 consecutive primary iTotal patients) will also have implant fit data assessed for the femur. After final implantation is complete measurement will be assessed and recorded. A series of 25 primary knees that are scheduled for Standard TKR implants will then undergo the same measurements of the femur.
Cosmetic use of dedifferentiated plant cells from a plant of the Rosa sp. genus, or an extract or a lyophilizate of the cells, as an active agent, for caring for aged skin or aged hair, is claimed. Independent claims are included for: (1) a cosmetic composition comprising either, as active agent, at least one of dedifferentiated plant cell, or at least one of dedifferentiated plant cell derived from a Lancome rosebush, or an extract or a lyophilizate of the cell, where the dedifferentiated plant cells are obtained by placing cells of a plant of the Rosa sp. genus in culture in a culture medium comprising at least ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, manganese(II) sulfate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, potassium iodide, sodium molybdate, cupric sulfate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, myoinositol, nicotinic acid, pyridoxine hydrochloride, thiamine hydrochloride or sucrose, and optionally kinetin, EDTA disodium dihydrate and/or naphthaleneacetic acid; and (2) dedifferentiated plant cells derived from the Lancome rosebush. ACTIVITY : Dermatological; Endocrine-Gen. MECHANISM OF ACTION : None given.
Preoperatively, group III patients will be given commercially available oral diet enriched with arginine (Cubitan, 1 package 3 times per day). Additionally, they will be administered commercially available two-chamber bag with 480 kcal energetic value and 5.7g of N in standard amino acids via peripheral access. The duration of pre-operative preparatory phase ranged between 5 and 10 days (8 days on average). Enteral nutrition with commercially available arginine-containing diet (Cubison) will start 20 hours post-surgery at an 8 ml/h flow rate; the rate will be increased gradually, with the volume doubled every 24 hours, up to 100 ml/h and continued for six days. Simultaneously, commercially available two-chamber bags for peripheral access with composition identical to that used preoperatively will be administered via peripheral veins for five days.
PURPOSE: A contrast agent containing iron oxide nanoparticles for imaging lymph node and a method for imaging lymph node using the same are provided to obtain an excellent lymph node image and to diagnose metastatic cancer. CONSTITUTION: A contrast agent for imaging lymph node contains iron oxide nanoparticles dispersed and stabilized in an aqueous medium by polyethylene glycol-polyethylene imine-polydopa copolymers. The diameter of the iron oxide nanoparticles is 1-25 nm. The polyethylene glycol-polyethyleneimide-polydopa copolymer contains polyethylene glycol, polyethylene imine, and polydopa. The polyethylene glycol has a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group at the end. The molecular weight of the polyethyelen imine is 100-25,000. A method for imaging lymph node comprise a step of contrasting the lymph node using MRI signal intensity change or difference of lymph node before and after administering the contrast agent. [Reference numerals] (A1,A2,A3,A4) Before administration; (B1,B2,B3,B4) After administration; (C1,C2) Left; (D1,D2) Right