anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Osimertinib is approved as a standard treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation by FDA. However, the mechanisms of resistance for nearly half of patients after osimertinib progression are still unknown, and the optimal therapies for these patients are still controversial. In this retrospective study, we compared efficacy and safety between immunotherapy + chemotherapy, chemotherapy alone, and osimertinib + bevacizumab in NSCLC patients after osimertinib progression with unknown resistance mechanisms.
METHODS: Advanced NSCLC patients with unknown resistance mechanisms after osimertinib progression were retrospectively reviewed and divided into immunotherapy + chemotherapy, chemotherapy alone, and osimertinib + bevacizumab treatment groups according to the treatment they received after osimertinib progression. Clinicopathological features, objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between groups.
RESULTS: A total of 121 patients were enrolled in this study, 22 in the immunotherapy + chemotherapy group, 72 in the chemotherapy group, and 27 in the osimertinib + bevacizumab group. The ORR was much higher in the immunotherapy + chemotherapy group compared with chemotherapy or osimertinib + bevacizumab group (55.56% vs. 14.81% vs. 0% in patients after progression on 1st line osimertinib treatment; 30.77% vs. 6.67% vs. 13.33% in patients after progression on 2nd/3rd line osimertinib treatment). Median PFS was also significantly longer in the immunotherapy + chemotherapy group compared with other groups (8.2 months vs. 4.0 months vs. 6.0 months in all patients, p = 0.0066). The median OS did not reach remarkable difference among groups, although osimertinib + bevacizumab group had a numerically longer median OS (37.0 months vs. 37.0 months vs. 47.6 months in all patients, p = 0.6357). Compared with immunotherapy + chemotherapy and chemotherapy, treatment-related adverse events (AEs) of osimertinib + bevacizumab were milder, especially in AEs related to gastrointestinal and bone marrow suppression.
CONCLUSION: Our study provides clinical evidence that NSCLC patients after osimertinib progression with unknown resistance mechanisms may benefit from immunotherapy + chemotherapy, with higher ORR and longer PFS compared with osimertinib + bevacizumab or chemotherapy groups. Osimertinib + bevacizumab treatment was also an optional option for patients because OS was numerically longer and safer in this group.
Following intravenous injection, iodinated I 125 albumin is distributed throughout the intravascular pool within 10 minutes; extravascular distribution takes place more slowly. Iodinated I 125 albumin also can be detected in the lymph and in certain body tissues within 10 minutes after injection, but maximum distribution of radioactivity throughout the extravascular space does not occur until two to four days after administration. The time at which extravascular activity is maximal has been designated as the “equilibrium time.” When this point has been reached, the radioactivity remaining in the intravascular and extravascular spaces decreases slowly and exponentially in parallel fashion.

The administered radioactivity is eliminated almost entirely in the urine, only about 2 percent of the total dose ultimately appears in the feces.

The biologic half-life of iodinated I 125 albumin is dependent upon a number of factors, and published studies have varied considerably in their reporting of this figure. It has ranged, in the literature, from below 10 days to over 20 days. One important factor affecting the biologic half-life is the initial rate of excretion, and this depends in part on the quality of the iodinated I 125 albumin. With JEANATOPE, the biologic half-life in normal individuals has been reported to be approximately 14 days.
An i.m. paliperidone palmitate long-acting formulation is under development with the aim to provide a sustained and stable level of paliperidone during each treatment cycle. The goal of this study is to determine the similarity in pharmacokinetic (blood levels) and safety profile after 2 intramuscular injections of paliperidone palmitate in the arm (deltoid muscle) and the buttock (gluteal muscle), in the dose range that will be covered in later Phase 3 trials (25 - 150 mg eq.). This is a repeated-dose, open-label, parallel group study in patients with schizophrenia. The study consists of an up to 5-day screening period, an up to 3-day tolerability period, a 14-day washout period, and a 64-day treatment period. As paliperidone is the active metabolite of risperidone, all patients will be exposed to oral risperidone during the screening period to confirm that they do not develop allergic reactions to risperidone, and to help the investigator to assign patients to 1 of the 2 treatment doses. There will be a washout of at least 2 weeks after the last oral risperidone intake before patients receive the first injection of paliperidone palmitate. Each treatment group (arm or buttock injection) will receive 2 consecutive i.m. injections of the long-acting formulation of paliperidone palmitate with a one-week interval. Whole blood samples will be collected for the determination of paliperidone palmitate and paliperidone concentrations in plasma. Whole blood samples will be obtained by venipuncture (needle stick) immediately before (pre-dose) and at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after the 1st and 2nd injections of paliperidone palmitate. Following the collection of the 96-hour blood sample after the 2nd injection, additional samples will be collected every 3 to 7 days through the end of the 64-day treatment period. Safety will assessed throughout the study by monitoring adverse events; changes in clinical laboratory results; tardive dyskinesia will be rated using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS), akathisia will be rated according to the Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS), extrapyramidal symptoms will be evaluated using the Simpson-Angus Rating Scale (SAS); physical examinations; electrocardiograms (ECGs); and patient evaluation of the injection site. Paliperidone palmitate (25 or 150 mg eq.), 2 i.m. doses administered at a 1-week interval. Depending on the randomized treatment group, each patient will receive 3 doses of oral risperidone: either 1 mg once daily for 3 days or 2 mg once on the 1st day, 4 mg once on the 2nd day, and 6 mg once on the 3rd day.
CYP2C19 is involved in the formation of both the active metabolite and the 2-oxo-clopidogrel intermediate metabolite. Clopidogrel active metabolite pharmacokinetics and antiplatelet effects, as measured by ex vivo platelet aggregation assays, differ according to CYP2C19 genotype. Genetic variants of other CYP450 enzymes may also affect the formation of clopidogrel's active metabolite.

The CYP2C19*1 allele corresponds to fully functional metabolism while the CYP2C19*2 and *3 alleles are nonfunctional. CYP2C19*2 and *3 account for the majority of reduced function alleles in white (85%) and Asian (99%) poor metabolizers. Other alleles associated with absent or reduced metabolism are less frequent, and include, but are not limited to, CYP2C19*4, *5, *6, *7, and *8. A patient with poor metabolizer status will possess two loss-of-function alleles as defined above. Published frequencies for poor CYP2C19 metabolizer genotypes are approximately 2% for whites, 4% for blacks and 14% for Chinese. Tests are available to determine a patient's CYP2C19 genotype. 

A crossover study in 40 healthy subjects, 10 each in the four CYP2C19 metabolizer groups, evaluated pharmacokinetic and antiplatelet responses using 300 mg followed by 75 mg per day and 600 mg followed by 150 mg per day, each for a total of 5 days. Decreased active metabolite exposure and diminished inhibition of platelet aggregation were observed in the poor metabolizers as compared to the other groups. When poor metabolizers received the 600 mg/150 mg regimen, active metabolite exposure and antiplatelet response were greater than with the 300 mg/75 mg regimen (see Table 3). An appropriate dose regimen for this patient population has not been established in clinical outcome trials.

Some published studies suggest that intermediate metabolizers have decreased active metabolite exposure and diminished antiplatelet effects.

The relationship between CYP2C19 genotype and clopidogrel treatment outcome was evaluated in retrospective analyses of clopidogrel-treated subjects in CHARISMA (n=2428) and TRITON-TIMI 38 (n=1477), and in several published cohort studies. In TRITON-TIMI 38 and the majority of the cohort studies, the combined group of patients with either intermediate or poor metabolizer status had a higher rate of cardiovascular events (death, myocardial infarction, and stroke) or stent thrombosis compared to extensive metabolizers. In CHARISMA and one cohort study, the increased event rate was observed only in poor metabolizers.
Liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) contribute to tumor recurrence and cancer cell proliferation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METTL3-catalyzed m6A modification is relevant to the cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype, including LCSCs. LCSCs were isolated from MHCC-97H and HepG2 cells through flow cytometry. UALCAN data were used to analyze the expression of METTL3 in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) tissues. Loss- and gain-of-function experiments were utilized to assess the biological effects of METTL3 and SOCS3 on the proliferation and stemness phenotypes in vitro and in vivo. The mechanisms underlying the impact of METTL3 were explored using qPCR, MeRIP-qPCR, dual-luciferase reporter, and western blot assays. METTL3 was significantly upregulated in LIHC tissues according to the UALCAN database. METTL3 was highly expressed in LIHC and was significantly correlated with individual cancer stage, tumor grade and lymph node metastasis. Patients with low METTL3 expression had a longer overall survival time based on the data from UALCAN. In addition, the level of METTL3 was enhanced in LCSCs and decreased in non-LCSCs compared to HCC cells. Moreover, overexpression of METTL3 stimulated the proliferation and stemness of LCSCs in vitro and in vivo, while loss of METTL3 impeded it. Bioinformatics analysis combined with validation experiments determined that m6A was modified by METTL3-targeting SOCS3 mRNA. METTL3 had side effects regarding the stability of SOCS3 mRNA. SOCS3 overexpression impaired and SOCS3 depletion facilitated the development of LCSCs via the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Furthermore, METTL3 depletion suppressed proliferation and stemness in LCSCs, which was restored by SOCS3 knockdown or colivelin treatment. We discovered that METTL3 facilitated the stemness and tumorigenicity of LCSCs by modifying SOCS3 mRNA with m6A.
PURPOSE:To provide the subject new compound easy to produce, high in safety, useful as a digestible antiulcerous agent having quick, excellent activity. CONSTITUTION:The objective compound of formula I (R is H or acetyl; Acontg. ring can be formed in combination with C, being 5- to 6membered unsaturated heterocycle containing at least one N), e.g. alpha-[(2-pyridyl)amino]methyl-p- chlorobenzyl alcohol. The compound of the formula I (where, R is H) can be obtained by condensation between an oxirane derivative of formula II and an amine of formula III. The compound of the formula I (where, R is acetyl) can be obtained by reaction of the above compound of the formula I (R is H) with acetic anhydride.
Globally, the prevalence of acute cough is 9 to 64%, whereas chronic cough is \>10% in most countries or regions, ranging from 7.2%-33%. In Pakistan, a few studies have examined chronic cough resulting from specific occupations, such as those involving brick kilns, textile work, or gem cutting. Additionally, 15.8% of subjects in a periurban area of Karachi City, Pakistan with cough lasting ≥ 2 weeks were found to have pulmonary TB. Overall, to estimate the prevalence and incidence of different coughs, there is no data available based on the local population, and the data assessing the quality of life of patients with different coughs is not available. Locally, few studies were conducted on cough syrups with a small sample size. However, no real data is available for the symptomatic management of cough about the patient's quality of life related to different coughs. The current study is designed to assess the response of different strengths of Syrup Hydryllin ( Syrup Hydryllin \& Hydryllin Sugar-Free (Diphenhydramine, Ammonium Chloride, Menthol, Aminophylline) and Syrup Hydryllin DM (Dextromethorphan \& Diphenhydramine) in the symptomatic management of cough in routine practice by physicians. The study's main objective is to assess the quality of life of the subjects suffering from the different types of cough.
An improved pasteurisation protocol for pasteurising microbial cells is disclosed. The protocol has three stages, a first heating stage, a second plateau stage at which the cells are held at a (maximum and) constant temperature, and a third cooling stage. Both the heating and the cooling stages are rapid, with the temperature of the cells passing through 40 to 80° C. in no more than 30 minutes in the heating stage. The heating rate is at least 0.5° C./minute and during cooling is at least −0.5° C./minute. The plateau maximum temperature is from 70 to 85° C. By plotting the pasteurisation protocol on a time (t, minutes) versus temperature (T, ° C.) graph, one obtains a trapezium having an area less than 13,000° C. minute. Not only does this result in a smaller energy input (and so a reduction in costs), but a better quality (and less oxidised) oil results having a peroxide value (POV) of less than 1.5 and an anisidine value (AnV) of less than 1.0.
Disclosed is a formulation for treating solar dermatitis. The formulation is composed of Gypsum Fibrosum, Radix Rehmanniae, Cortex Moutan, Radix Gentianae, Herba Lonicerae, Fructus Forsythiae, Folium Isatidis, Semen Coicis rice, Semen Plantaginis (wrap-decocted), Liuyisan (wrap-decocted), Radix Trichosanthis and Radix Glycyrrhizae. A dose of the formulation comprises 20 g of Gypsum Fibrosum, 15 g of Radix Rehmanniae, 10 g of Cortex Moutan, 8 g of Radix Gentianae, 15 g of Lonicera Japonica, 15 g of Fructus Forsythiae, 15 g of Folium Isatidis, 30 g of Semen Coicis rice, 15 g of Semen Plantaginis (wrap-decocted), 15 g of Liuyisan (wrap-decocted), 10 g of Radix Trichosanthis and 10 g of Radix Glycyrrhizae. A preparing and using method includes: decocting in water; taking one dose a day in morning and evening. Hot and spicy food is prohibited in the period of taking the formulation. The formulation solves the problem that existing medicine has serious side effect on treating solar dermatitis, and is suitable for being used to treat solar dermatitis.
PURPOSE: A composition for cancer improvement or treatment is provided to have a selective growth control activity to the stomach cancer cell, and to have an excellent anticancer activity which does not give a large influence in normal cells. CONSTITUTION: A composition for cancer improvement or treatment takes the chemical formula 1 as an active ingredient. The cancer is caused by a silencing of cysteine-aspartic acid protease 3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). The cancer is selected among liver cancer, brain tumor, lung cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, stomach cancer, and colon carcinoma. The active ingredient is comprised in a ratio of 0.001-50 wt% in the total composition. The composition comprises more than one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluting agent.
In this study, the hypertensive individuals are consecutively recruited from multiple centers, with an early onset age (less than 40 when diagnosed). A complete clinical history (information on history of hypertension, demographic characteristics, personal and family medical history) are collected by a trained staff using a standardized questionnaire on the first day of baseline observation, and physical examination are also collected in a standard procedure. Blood samples are collected after 12-hour overnight fast and biological variables are determined. Genomic DNA is isolated from leukocytes according to a standard procedure. The individuals will receive follow-up in an ordinal system. The investigators will focus on the clinical and genetic features, genotype-phenotype correlations and influencing factors of prognosis in Chinese early-onset hypertension patients.
Vitrectomy is required for removal of vitreous hemorrhage or retinal traction tissue in some patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Post-vitrectomy macular edema may occur in these diabetic patients. Intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF agents or corticosteroid are required for treating diabetic macular edema (DME) in vitrectomized eyes. Intraocular levels of various cytokines may alter in the diabetic eyes following vitrectomy. Pharmacokinetics may be different between various intraocular agents in vitrectomized eyes. Herein our study will prospectively randomize to compare the clinical behavior between intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) and intravitreal dexamethasone implant (IDI) in vitrectomized patients with DME. To our knowledge, it is the first study involving such subject.

Pseudophakic vitrectomized eyes with treatment-naïve center-involved DME will be enrolled with one eye in each patient. They are randomized into one group receiving IDI every 3 to 4 months, and the other group undergoing IVR using 3 monthly plus treat-and-extend injections all with monthly follow-up for 6 months. Switch of intravitreal drugs or deferred macular laser is not allowed. Primary outcome measures include change in central foveal thickness (CFT) in 1 mm by spectral-domain optic coherence tomography, and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at Month 6. Primary outcome measures include change in CFT and BCVA at Month 6. Injection number, BCVA, CFT, post-injection complications, and IOP are recorded and compared with Wilcoxon signed rank test within the group and Wilcoxon rank sum test between groups. Fisher's exact test is used for categorical comparison between groups. P value less than 0.05 is considered significant.
The invention discloses a water-absorbent microsphere as a drug delivery system carrier for wounds and the preparation method thereof. The invention can accelerate the healing process of wounds. The gel which is formed at the wound surface is easy to remove and which does not have any adverse impact to the newly formed epithelial cell below the gel. The invention adopts an inverse suspension cross-linking method for the preparation, and the outset raw materials are starch or starch derivatives, and the dry-basis water absorption amount of the obtained microsphere is between 2g/g and 20g/g. The prescription of the drug delivery system is that: 5g of drug-carried microsphere, wherein, the drug content scope of the microsphere is 0.5 to 10percent, 1 to 5g of PEG, 1 to 5g of PEG6000, 0.2g of glycerol or 0.1g of poloxamer 188. The preparation process is as follows: 1. the synthesis of the microsphere; 2. drug carrying; 3. drug delivery system. The microsphere is used on the wound with exudate as drug carrier; when the exudate is absorbed, antibacterial substances are released to kill the microorganisms on the wound and absorb the pus, debris and exuded tissue fluid at the wound, so as to play the role of cleaning the wound, therefore the invention provides a good environment for the healing of the wounds.
Patients receive 68Ga-PSMA-11 IV. Patients then undergo PET/MRI after 45 minutes of administration of radiopharmaceutical injection.
Examples of the present disclosure describe systems and methods for an auto-focus tool for multimodality image review. In aspects, an image review system may provide for the display of a set of medical images representing one or more imaging modalities. The system may also provide an auto-focus tool that may be used during the review of the set of medical images. After receiving an instruction to activate the auto-focus tool, the system may receive a selection of an ROI in at least one of the images in the set of medical images. The auto-focus tool may identify the location of the ROI within the image and use the identified ROI location to identify a corresponding area or ROI in the remaining set of medical images. The auto-focus tool may orient and display the remaining set of medical images such that the identified area or ROI is prominently displayed.
The invention discloses interferon thermo-sensitive hydrogel and its preparation method and use. The interferon thermo-sensitive hydrogel can be used in preparation of a drug for treating hemangioma. The interferon thermo-sensitive hydrogel comprises interferon-polysaccharide particles prepared from one of naturally extracted interferon, gene recombinant expressed interferon, polyethylene glycol-modified interferon, glycosylation-modified interferon and human albumin-fused interferon, and polysaccharide; and the interferon thermo-sensitive hydrogel is prepared from the interferon-polysaccharide particles and a thermo-sensitive hydrogel material. Compared with the prior art, the interferon thermo-sensitive hydrogel has a novel medical purpose and develops a novel application field. The interferon thermo-sensitive hydrogel as a drug for treating hemangioma has the advantages of long-acting slow release, no toxic or side effect, good compliance, low patient pain and low price and can be accepted by patients easily. The preparation method of the interferon thermo-sensitive hydrogel has simple processes, is environmentally friendly and has a good application prospect in treatment on hemangioma.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid cosmetic composition containing a uniformly and stably dispersed coloring material of a black color.  <P>SOLUTION: This liquid cosmetic composition contains (1) water in an amount of 50-90 wt% and (2) charcoal in an amount of 1-10 wt%. The charcoal is so controlled as to have an average particle diameter of 0.05-1 μm. The charcoal preferably comprises officinal charcoal specified by Japanese Pharmacopeia. The charcoal is preferably formed by grinding and dispersing a charcoal powder of which the particle diameter is distributed in a range of 10-100 μm with at least two kinds of vehicles having diameters different from each other in the presence of an aqueous carrier by using a sand mill. The liquid cosmetic composition is preferably free from carbon black.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
The present invention provides methods of improving the osteogenic and/or chondrogenic activity of a bone matrix, e.g., a dermineralized bone matrix (DBM), by exposing the bone matrix to one or more treatments or conditions. In preferred embodiments the bone matrix is derived from human bone. The treatment or condition may alter the structure of the bone matrix and/or cleave one or more specific proteins. Cleavage may generate peptides or protein fragments that have osteoinductive, osteogenic, or chondrogenic activity. Preferred treatments include collagenase and various other proteases. The invention further provides improved bone and cartilage matrix compositions that have been prepared according to the inventive methods and methods of treatment using the compositions. The invention further provides methods of preparing, testing, and using the improved bone matrix compositions. Ona assay comprises exposing relatively undifferentiated mesenchymal cells to a bone matrix composition and measuring expression of a marker characteristic of osteoblast or chondrocyte lineage(s). Increased expression of the marker relative to the level of the marker in cells that have been exposed to a control matrix (e.g., an inactivated or untreated matrix) indicates that the treatment or condition increased the osteogenic and/or chondrogenic activity of the bone matrix. Suitable cells include C2C12 cells. A suitable marker is alkaline phosphatase. The inventive methods increase the osteogenic and/or chondrogenic activity of human DBM when tested using this assay system.