anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels are used in screening for open neural tube defects (ONTD). Historical reports show that AFP levels and maternal weights are higher in self-reported Black than White individuals, but recent reports question the need to account for these variables in screening. Our study compares screening performance with and without accounting for race.
METHODS: Retrospective analysis was performed on deidentified prenatal screening records including maternal weight and self-reported race of White or Black. Gestational age-specific medians and weight-adjusted multiples of the median levels were calculated separately for each group and using a race-agnostic analysis. Outcome measures included the proportion of screen-positive results.
RESULTS: Records for analysis (n = 13 316) had an ultrasound confirmed gestational age between 15 and 21 completed weeks, singleton pregnancy, and self-reported race. Race was Black for 26.3%. AFP levels for pregnancies in Black individuals were higher than in White individuals: 6% to 11% depending on gestational age. Race-specific gestational age and maternal weight analyses resulted in similar screen-positive rates for self-reported White and Black individuals at 0.74% vs 1.00%, respectively (P = 0.14). However, use of race-agnostic analyses resulted in a screen-positive rate that was 2.4 times higher in Black than White individuals (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: These data show that the historical method of accounting for maternal race and weight in prenatal screening for ONTD provides equitable performance. Using a race-agnostic methodology results in an increased screen-positive rate and a disproportionate rate of required follow-up care for individuals who self-identify as Black.
Studies have confirmed that anxiety, especially worry and rumination, are associated with increased risk for cognitive decline, including Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Hippocampal atrophy is a hallmark of ADRD. We investigated the association between hippocampus and its subfield volumes and late-life global anxiety, worry, and rumination, and emotion regulation strategies. We recruited 110 participants with varying worry severity who underwent magnetic resonance imaging and clinical interviews. We conducted cross-sectional regression analysis between each subfield and anxiety, worry, rumination, reappraisal, and suppression while adjusting for age, sex, race, education, cumulative illness burden, stress, neuroticism, and intracranial volume. We imputed missing data and corrected for multiple comparisons across regions. Greater worry was associated with smaller subiculum volume, whereas greater use of reappraisal was associated with larger subiculum and CA1 volume. Greater worry may be detrimental to the hippocampus and to subfields involved in early ADRD pathology. Use of reappraisal appears protective of hippocampal structure. Worry and reappraisal may be modifiable targets for ADRD prevention.
Ceria nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) exhibit great potential in cardiovascular disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease due to its excellent antioxidant capacity. However, the profitable effect of CeO2NPs on many diseases is almost all attributed to the regulation of ROS. Apart from the general antioxidant function, there seems to be no more distinct mechanism to reflect its unique multi-disease improvement effect. Here, we for the first time reveal a new discovery of CeO2NPs in mimicking nitric oxide synthase (NOS) by catalyzing L-arginine (L-Arg) to produce nitric oxide (NO) or the derivatives. NOS-like activity of CeO2NPs is original and associated with multiple factors like substrate concentration, pH, temperature and time, etc. where oxygen vacancy ratio plays a more critical role. Meanwhile, NOS-like activity of CeO2NPs successfully elevates NO secretion in endothelial cells and macrophages without expanding eNOS/iNOS expression. Importantly, NOS-like activity of CeO2NPs and the responsive endogenous NO promote the re-distribution of blood lipids and stabilize eNOS expression but suppress iNOS, thus collectively alleviate the accumulation of vascular plaque. Altogether, we provide a new angle of view to survey the outstanding potential of CeO2NPs, apart from the inevitable antioxidant capacity, the covert but possible and more critical NOS-like enzymatic activity is more noteworthy.
Patients perform personalized prehabilitation physical therapy exercises BID 5 days per week for 8 weeks while receiving standard of care radiotherapy and prior to standard of care surgery, attend telemedicine visits with a physical therapist once a week for 9 weeks, and receive educational materials. Patients undergo MRI and CT at week 9.
BACKGROUND: Limited data exist regarding the optimal clinical trial design for studies involving persons with disorders of consciousness (DoC), and only a few therapies have been tested in high-quality clinical trials. To address this, the Curing Coma Campaign Clinical Trial Working Group performed a gap analysis on the current state of clinical trials in DoC to identify the optimal clinical design for studies involving persons with DoC.
METHODS: The Curing Coma Campaign Clinical Trial Working Group was divided into three subgroups to (1) review clinical trials involving persons with DoC, (2) identify unique challenges in the design of clinical trials involving persons with DoC, and (3) recommend optimal clinical trial designs for DoC.
RESULTS: There were 3055 studies screened, and 66 were included in this review. Several knowledge gaps and unique challenges were identified. There is a lack of high-quality clinical trials, and most data regarding patients with DoC are based on observational studies focusing on patients with traumatic brain injury and cardiac arrest. There is a lack of a structured long-term outcome assessment with significant heterogeneity in the methodology, definitions of outcomes, and conduct of studies, especially for long-term follow-up. Another major barrier to conducting clinical trials is the lack of resources, especially in low-income countries. Based on the available data, we recommend incorporating trial designs that use master protocols, sequential multiple assessment randomized trials, and comparative effectiveness research. Adaptive platform trials using a multiarm, multistage approach offer substantial advantages and should make use of biomarkers to assess treatment responses to increase trial efficiency. Finally, sound infrastructure and international collaboration are essential to facilitate the conduct of trials in patients with DoC.
CONCLUSIONS: Conduct of trials in patients with DoC should make use of master protocols and adaptive design and establish international registries incorporating standardized assessment tools. This will allow the establishment of evidence-based practice recommendations and decrease variations in care.
Dynamical control of macrophage polarization from M1 (pro-inflammatory) to M2 (anti-inflammatory) at implant surfaces is essential for balancing innate immunity and tissue repair. In this aspect, the design of orthopedic implant that can response to inflammation microenvironment with transformation in surface properties has shown promising in timely driving M1-to-M2 macrophage transition. Considering excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to macrophage M1 polarization and progression of inflammation, in this study, ferrocene modified polydopamine (PDA-Fc) films were deposited on plasma sprayed Ti coatings to endow the implants with ROS-responsive and -scavenging abilities. Plasma sprayed Ti (PST) coating and PDA modified PST coating (PST/PDA) served as control. The presence of PDA endowed PST/PDA and PST/PDA-Fc with free-radical scavenging abilities. Moreover, PST/PDA-Fc showed adaptive wettability as evidenced by increased hydrophilicity under H2O2 treatment. With respect to PST/PDA, PST/PDA-Fc exerted greater effects on inducing lipopolysaccharides-induced M1 macrophages to adopt M2-type macrophage phenotype, characterized by higher percentage of CD206-positive cells, increased cell elongation rate and higher expression level of anti-inflammatory cytokine arginase type 1. The results obtained in our study may provide a prospective approach for manipulating an appropriate immune response at implant surfaces.
Inactivation of coated viruses is effected by treatment with cpds. of formula (Ia) or (Ib) or their acid-addn. salts: In the formulae, R is H, halogen or 1-12C alkoxy; R1 is H or halogen; R2 and R3 are lower alkyl, or NR2R3 is an opt. N-alkylated 4-6C heterocyclic gp. opt contg. another ring N, S or O atom, or NR2R3 is a tri(lower alkyl)ammonium gp. Cpds. (Ia) and (Ib) are active against ether-sensitive viruses such as herpes and influenza viruses, rhabdoviruses, alpha viruses and paramyxoviruses. They can be used as antiviral medicaments or as disinfectants, esp. for controlling the transmission of herpes simplex virus type 2. They also act as local anaesthetics.
The correlation between diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) is well established. Insulin resistance (IR) is considered a primary contributor to elevated CAD risk in diabetic individuals. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index serves as a straightforward surrogate marker for insulin resistance. However, few studies have explored their correlations with myocardial infarction and CAD severity. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the association between the TyG index and the occurrence of myocardial infarction, as well as the severity of coronary artery disease. We conducted a retrospective study involving 3865 consecutive patients who underwent coronary angiography at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine. Of these, 1724 patients were diagnosed with coronary artery disease. Demographic, biochemical, clinical, and angiographic data were gathered. A robust correlation exists between the TyG index and CAD subtypes, suggesting its potential as an independent clinical diagnostic marker. Moreover, the TyG index exhibited a significant positive correlation with disease severity, as assessed by the Gensini score. Elevated TyG index was associated with an increased predisposition to severe CAD, as indicated by the Gensini score, and myocardial infarction, even after adjusting for well-established cardiovascular risk factors.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine combination for treating hemorrhoids and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine combination is prepared by mixing the following main raw materials: 70-95 of senecio scandens and 5-30 of rheum officinale; and bezoar, borneol, flos sophorae, Chinese angelica, dandelion, edible amaranth, radix angelicae and the like can be added. The medicine combination for external use is made by the following steps of: decocting raw materials, removing dregs, extracting liquid and decocting into 10% concentrated liquor; adding 95% ethanol, uniformly agitating, standing, collecting supernatant after filtering and recovering the ethanol; and adding rheum officinale powder, bezoar powder and borneol powder. The medical effect of the senecio scandens is fully utilized by the traditional Chinese medicine combination, and a novel function of the senecio scandens for treating hemorrhoids is developed. The traditional Chinese medicine combination performs the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, relieving swellings and stopping pain, can be used for treating hemorrhoids, various sores and ulcers, anal fissure and anus bleeding, and can be made into a plaster, an oral solution, a tablet, a capsule, a granule, a pill and the like. The traditional Chinese medicine combination has the advantages of convenience in therapy and low therapeutic cost. The traditional Chinese medicine combination not only can be used for treating hemorrhoids, but also has obvious therapeutic effect on sore toxins and snake venom.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a bath agent composition excellent in a smoothness of a skin in bathing and refreshed feeling after the bathing by adding a specific alcohol into a system of a bath agent blended with an aluminum salt. SOLUTION: This bath agent composition is obtained by containing an aluminum salt together with an isostearyl alcohol. As the aluminum salt, e.g. aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, aluminum lactate, aluminum malate, etc., are preferably blended in 0.3-10.0 wt.% based on the total amount of the bath agent. The blending amount of the isostearyl alcohol is 0.1-5.0 wt.%. In the composition, the ratio of aluminum salt to isostearyl alcohol is preferably (1:5)-(5:1).
The invention discloses application of TXNRD1 and a coding gene thereof as a target spot in psoriasis prevention and treatment, and relates to the technical field of biological medicine. The present invention shows that human CD4 by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)  +  The expression of TXNRD1 in T cells and epidermis is elevated. Inhibiting expression of TXNRD1 in keratinocytes by using small interfering RNA, thereby constructing keratinocytes with low expression of TXNRD1, and detecting proliferation and apoptosis of the keratinocytes with low TXNRD1 knockdownThe effect of death and inflammatory factor release. The low expression of TXNRD1 in keratinocytes is involved in regulating the cell cycle, blocking the cell cycle in S phase; in addition, knockdown of TXNRD1 in keratinocytes can also inhibit proliferation thereof. The knockdown of TXNRD1 was also found to inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors in keratinocytes, such as the mRNA levels of inflammatory chemokines such as S100A7, S100A8, S100A12, TNF-. Alpha., CCL2, CCL3, MMP1, IL-17, IL-18, etc., by RT-qPCR techniques. This suggests that TXNRD1 and its coding gene may be a new therapeutic target for psoriasis.
BACKGROUND: Beyond exposure to cigarette smoking and aging, the factors that influence lung function decline to incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remain unclear. Advancements have been made in categorizing COPD into emphysema and airway predominant disease subtypes; however, predicting which healthy individuals will progress to COPD is difficult because they can exhibit profoundly different disease trajectories despite similar initial risk factors. This study aimed to identify clinical, genetic, and radiological features that are directly linked-and subsequently predict-abnormal lung function.
METHODS AND FINDINGS: We employed graph modeling on 2,643 COPDGene participants (aged 45 to 80 years, 51.25% female, 35.1% African Americans; enrollment 11/2007-4/2011) with smoking history but normal spirometry at study enrollment to identify variables that are directly linked to future lung function abnormalities. We developed logistic regression and random forest predictive models for distinguishing individuals who maintain lung function from those who decline. Of the 131 variables analyzed, 6 were identified as informative to future lung function abnormalities, namely forced expiratory flow in the middle range (FEF25-75%), average lung wall thickness in a 10 mm radius (Pi10), severe emphysema, age, sex, and height. We investigated whether these features predict individuals leaving GOLD 0 status (normal spirometry according to Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria). Linear models, trained with these features, were quite predictive (area under receiver operator characteristic curve or AUROC = 0.75). Random forest predictors performed similarly to logistic regression (AUROC = 0.7), indicating that no significant nonlinear effects were present. The results were externally validated on 150 participants from Specialized Center for Clinically Oriented Research (SCCOR) cohort (aged 45 to 80 years, 52.7% female, 4.7% African Americans; enrollment: 7/2007-12/2012) (AUROC = 0.89). The main limitation of longitudinal studies with 5- and 10-year follow-up is the introduction of mortality bias that disproportionately affects the more severe cases. However, our study focused on spirometrically normal individuals, who have a lower mortality rate. Another limitation is the use of strict criteria to define spirometrically normal individuals, which was unavoidable when studying factors associated with changes in normalized forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1%predicted) or the ratio of FEV1/FVC (forced vital capacity).
CONCLUSIONS: This study took an agnostic approach to identify which baseline measurements differentiate and predict the early stages of lung function decline in individuals with previous smoking history. Our analysis suggests that emphysema affects obstruction onset, while airway predominant pathology may play a more important role in future FEV1 (%predicted) decline without obstruction, and FEF25-75% may affect both.
Eligible subjects who are habitual soft contact lens wearers will be randomized into the Test/Control sequence, to wear two different study lenses, one at a time, over two wear periods (test then control) with a washout period of 15 minutes between wears. During each wear period the lenses will be worn bilaterally for at least one hour in-office.
Vasoconstrictor Assay 

A vasoconstrictor assay in healthy subjects with BRYHALI Lotion indicated that the formulation is in the potent to superpotent range of potency as compared to other topical corticosteroids. However, similar blanching scores do not necessarily imply therapeutic equivalence.

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis Suppression

The potential for HPA axis suppression was evaluated in 19 adult subjects with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis with at least 20% BSA involved. An approximate dose of 7 g BRYHALI Lotion was applied once daily for 8 weeks. An abnormal HPA axis suppression test, as indicated by a 30-minute post-stimulation cortisol level ≤18 mcg/dL, was reported for 1 (5.6%) subject at Week 4 and for 3 (15.8%) subjects at Week 8. The subject suppressed at Week 4 was also suppressed at Week 8. These effects were reversible as recovery of HPA axis function was generally prompt with the discontinuation of treatment. [See Warnings and Precautions (5.1).]
The invention provides a nucleotide sequence corresponding to a classical swine fever virus (CSFV) genome or a part or a mutant thereof, which comprises at least a part of the nucleotide sequence of the CSFV C-strain depicted in SEQ ID No. 1, or a complement or RNA equivalent of such nucleotide sequence, or which comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding at least the amino acid sequence 268-494 of the amino acid sequence depicted in SEQ ID No. 1, or a complement or RNA equivalent of such nucleotide sequence. Also provided is a pestivirus polypeptide corresponding to the amino acid sequence 690-1063 of SEQ ID No. 1 or part thereof, which contains a mutation in one of the epitopes within amino acid sequences 691-750 or 785-870, said mutation altering said epitope. Further provided is a method of determining the presence of a test substance capable of specifically binding with a binding site of a binding partner, in a sample, by means of competition of said test substance with a measurable amount of a reference substance capable of specifically binding with the same binding site of said binding partner, comprising: (1) contacting said sample with (a) said reference substance bound to a solid carrier, (b) the binding partner of said reference substance, said binding partner molecule containing at least two identical binding sites for said reference substance, and (c) said reference substance provided with a label; (2) measuring the degree of binding of said label to said carrier.
Mixed vaccine active against symptomatic anthrax and bacterial anthrax contg. spores of Bacillus anthracis and a culture of Clostridium chauvei inactivated by beta-propiolactone. The two active ingredients do not interfere with one another and a single injection will protect animals esp. cattle and sheep, against both diseases. The vaccine is prepd. as follow:- (a) B. anthracis is cultured and the spores diluted, depending on the dose required in the final vaccine. (b) A virulent form of C. chauvei is cultured in a known medium, inactivated with beta-pyropiolactone, and glycerin and potassium alum are added. (c) The spores from stage (a) are mixed with the vaccine obtd. from stage (b) in the relative proportions reqd. in the final vaccine. Usually the spores of B. anthracis are recovered in a mixture of glycerin and physiological water, the dilution being 1/120-1/160, corresponding to a titre of 10000 spores/ml. At least 0.25 pts. by vol. of beta-propiolactone per 100 pts. culture medium is added in stage (b). In stage (c) spores of B. anthracis are added to the vaccine so as to give a dilution of 1/120 to 1/160.
A medication delivery device for delivering a small molecule insulin mimetic material to a body of an individual includes a housing, a reservoir and a controller. The housing contains a driving mechanism, and the reservoir is coupled to the driving mechanism in the housing for holding the small molecule insulin mimetic material to be infused into the body of the individual. The controller controls the driving mechanism to expel the small molecule insulin mimetic material from the reservoir into the body of the individual. Preferably, the medication delivery device is an infusion pump. In particular, the driving mechanism is a syringe type drive actuator, or a gas generator. The driving mechanism may also utilize iontophoresis or passive trans-dermal delivery. In addition, the driving mechanism is controlled to infuse the small molecule insulin mimetic material in a continuous, near-continuous, intermittent and pulsatile manner. The driving mechanism may also be controlled to deliver discrete, user settable boluses. Preferably, the small molecule insulin mimetic material is L-783,281. Also, the small molecule insulin mimetic material may be an analog of L-783,281. In addition, the small molecule insulin mimetic material may be infused with at least one additional component such as insulin, insulin analogs and insulin related peptides. Preferably, the small molecule insulin mimetic material binds to β sub-units of an insulin receptor site. However, the small molecule insulin mimetic material may bind to α a sub-units of an insulin receptor site. Alternatively, the small molecule insulin mimetic material is a trans-membrane insulin mimetic material that binds to at least one β sub-unit and at least one α a sub-unit of an insulin receptor site.
The invention includes a composition to promote ocular health. The composition include amounts of vitamin A; vitamin C; vitamin D; vitamin E; zinc; copper; selenium; non-vitamin A carotenoids, which include lutein and zeaxanthin; omega-3 fatty acids, which includ eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid; taurine; alpha-lipoic acid; pine bark extract; astaxanthin; and Piper spp. extract. Some embodiments optionally exclude beta-carotene, vitamin E, and copper. The invention includes a method of treatment for a subject experiencing oxidative or visual stress related degradation to the eye. The method includes the step of administering to the subject a daily dose of the compositions to promote ocular health. The administratio performed such that the degradative effects induced by the oxidative or visual stress source on the eye are ameliorated. Embodime of the method include a step of diagnosing the subject with the degradation of the eye due to age-related macular degeneration, diabetes or hyperglycemia.