anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: The use of prosthetic mesh in laparoscopic repair of large hiatus hernias remains controversial. Clinical and quality of life outcomes from a randomized controlled trial of mesh versus suture repair previously showed few differences at early follow-up. This study evaluated longer-term quality of life outcomes from that trial.
METHODS: A prospective, multicentre, double blind randomized controlled trial assessed three methods of repair for large hiatus hernias: sutures-only versus absorbable mesh versus non-absorbable mesh. Quality of life was assessed using the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire which was completed preoperatively and then at 3, 6, 12 months following surgery and annually thereafter. SF-36 outcomes were compared across the three repair techniques at longer-term follow-up (3-6 years), and to earlier baseline and 12-month outcomes.
RESULTS: 126 patients were randomized; 43-suture-only, 41-absorbable mesh and 42-non-absorbable mesh. Questionnaires were completed by 118 patients preoperatively, 115 at 12 months and 98 at longer-term follow-up (median 5 years). There were no significant differences between the repair techniques for the subscale and composite scores at longer-term follow-up. The mental component score improved significantly after surgery and was sustained across follow-up for all techniques. The physical component score also improved significantly but was lower at longer-term follow-up compared to the 12-month follow up in both mesh groups.
CONCLUSION: Surgical repair of large hiatus hernias provides sustained long-term improvement in quality of life. The addition of mesh does not improve quality of life.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial is registered with the Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12605000725662.
Older adults with depression typically present to primary care rather than specialty mental health treatment and are often un- or undertreated, as the demand for mental health services is greater than the supply of trained providers. Technology is one method to improve access to care by making evidence-based psychosocial interventions (EBPIs) readily accessible. A second method comes from global mental health research, demonstrating that task-sharing can equip non-specialists to provide effective mental health care. This study combines these two approaches, exploring how technology-enhanced EBPI could be used by frontline primary care staff (e.g., nurses, medical assistants) to expand workforce capacity to deliver acceptable, sustainable, and effective treatment for depression. Specifically, we will use task-sharing to deliver a mobile Motivational Physical Activity Targeted Intervention (MPATI), which is based on behavioral activation for depression and uses wearable accelerometer technology to trigger personalized activity goal monitoring. This proposal uses the Discover, Design/Build, Test (DDBT) framework, which leverages user-centered design and implementation science to discover implementation barriers to using task-sharing to deliver MPATI in primary care, to design an implementation strategy to support MPATI delivery, and to conduct a pilot usability trial to test the implementation strategy with the most suitable frontline staff.
An ocular composition can include a polymer matrix and an antibiotic dispersed in the polymer matrix. The polymer matrix can contain a thiolated hyaluronic acid moiety cross-linked to a second moiety. The composition can be configured for placement in or on an eye of a subject to provide controlled release of the antibiotic to the eye. A method of treating or preventing an ocular disease can include providing an ocular composition and applying the ocular composition to a surface of an eye of a subject to provide controlled release of the antibiotic to the eye. The ocular composition can include a polymer matrix and an antibiotic dispersed in the polymer matrix. The polymer matrix can include a thiolated hyaluronic acid moiety cross-linked to a second moiety.
This study investigated concurrent and prospective associations between measures of reversal learning and attentional set-shifting and eating disorder symptoms at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months among individuals with anorexia nervosa restricting subtype (AN-R, n = 26), AN binge eating/purging subtype (AN-BP, n = 22), bulimia nervosa (BN, n = 35), and healthy controls (n = 27), and explored whether these associations differed by diagnosis. At baseline, participants completed diagnostic interviews, height/weight measurements, and measures of set-shifting (the Intradimensional/Extradimensional shift task) and reversal learning (a probabilistic reversal learning task). At 3- and 6-month follow-up, participants with eating disorders completed assessments of weight and eating disorder symptoms. A one-way analysis of variance found no evidence that baseline reversal learning and attentional set-shifting differed across diagnostic groups. Multilevel modeling analyses indicated that perseverative errors (an index of reversal learning) predicted an increase in purging over time for individuals with AN-BP and BN. Set-shifting errors differentially predicted frequency of loss of control eating for individuals with AN-BP and BN; however, set-shifting was not related to loss of control eating when examined separately in AN-BP and BN. These findings suggest that disentangling facets of cognitive flexibility may help understand change in eating disorder symptoms.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy, polymers. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to molecular cross-linked gels comprising various biological and nonbiological polymers, for example, proteins, polysaccharides and synthetic polymers. Such gels can be applied on needed sites in patient body by extrusion gel through a hole on the target site. Gels can be destroyed mechanically and to use them for implantation, for examples, in articles, such as breast prostheses. Usage of such gels in living body (in vivo) is useful for prophylaxis of formation of postoperative spinal and other tissue commissures, for filling tissue defects, by tissue, body cavities, surgery defects and so on. EFFECT: improved preparing methods, valuable medicinal properties of hydrogels. 44 cl, 5 dwg, 4 tbl
BACKGROUND: Patients with medically-refractory ulcerative colitis or advanced neoplasia are often offered an ileal-pouch-anal anastomosis to restore bowel continuity. However, up to 50% of patients can suffer from inflammatory conditions of the pouch, some of which require biological therapy to treat. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of each biological agent for the treatment of inflammatory conditions of the pouch.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was performed in the major databases from inception through February 11, 2020, for studies assessing the efficacy of biologics in chronic antibiotic-refractory pouchitis (CARP) and Crohn's disease (CD) of the pouch. Both prospective and retrospective studies were included. The primary outcomes of interest were complete and partial responses were defined within each study. χ 2 test was used to compare variables.
RESULTS: Thirty-four studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Sixteen studies (N=247) evaluated the use of infliximab (IFX), showing complete response in 50.7% and partial response in 28.1% for CARP, and complete response in 66.7% and partial response in 20% for CD of the pouch. Seven studies (n=107) assessed the efficacy of adalimumab. For CARP, 33.3% of patients had a complete response, and 38.1% had a partial response, whereas for CD of the pouch, 47.7% experienced a complete response, and 24.6% had a partial response. Three studies (n=78) reported outcomes with the use of ustekinumab, showing 50% complete response and 3.8% partial response for CARP. For the CD of the pouch, 5.8% had a complete response and 78.8% had a partial response. Seven studies (n=151) reported the efficacy of vedolizumab, showing 28.4% complete response and 43.2% partial response in patients with CARP, whereas 63% of patients experienced partial response in CD of the pouch. IFX had higher rates of complete response in CARP compared with adalimumab ( P =0.04) and compared with vedolizumab ( P =0.005), but not compared with ustekinumab ( P =0.95). There were no new safety signals reported in any of the studies.
CONCLUSIONS: Biologics are safe and efficacious in the treatment of chronic, refractory inflammatory conditions of the pouch. IFX seems to be more efficacious than adalimumab and vedolizumab for CARP. Further prospective, head-to-head evaluations are needed to compare biological therapies in the treatment of CARP and CD of the pouch.
OBJECTIVE: The connection between alterations in the disc structure following percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) and symptoms in patients postsurgery has not been reported yet. The purpose of the present study was to discuss the potential correlation between the changes in the morphological characteristics of various reference surfaces of the intervertebral disc after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) and clinical outcomes, to identify the morphological parameters that affect efficacy and provide an evidence-based foundation for assessing postoperative efficacy.
METHODS: From October 2019 to October 2021, after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD), 98 individuals were enrolled. MRI DICOM data of the lumbar spine were obtained before and after surgery, specifically around 3 months. The morphological parameters of the operated and adjacent segments of the discs were measured using T2-weighted images from three reference planes. Outcomes were assessed using the Oswestry disability index (ODI), visual analogue pain scores for the back and leg (VAS-back/VAS-leg), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, and recovery rates. Postoperative changes in disc parameters and outcomes were compared between patients with different severity and types of LDH based on the MSU staging. Patients completed the questionnaire during outpatient follow-up appointments 3, 6, and 12 months after the surgery. The follow-up period was 14.69 ± 4.21 months, ranging from 12 to 24 months.
RESULTS: Parameters such as area and circumference of intervertebral discs in the cross-section were not associated with the change in the efficacy index. Postoperatively, a negative correlation between the variation of the disc height, disc height index, and protrusion distance and the difference in VAS scores for low back pain at 3 and 6 months was observed among the two sagittal change parameters. Differences between changes in disc imaging parameters and postoperative efficacy were not statistically significant between various types of lumbar disc herniation.
CONCLUSION: For the patients after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy, the changes in parameters such as disc area and circumference in the cross-sectional plane are not associated with efficacy, and the changes in disc height and herniation distance in the sagittal plane provide a morphologic basis for the assessment of short-term postoperative efficacy. In addition, the changes in disc morphologic parameters and postoperative efficacy do not differ between various types of lumbar disc herniation.
All acute stroke patients admitted to the inpatient rehabilitation service at the University of Washington were invited to participate in the study. Given the high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in this population, no screen for OSA was performed. Enrolled patients were assigned randomly to active-CPAP with auto-titrating pressures or to sham-CPAP with an otherwise identical device but with pressures ≤ 1 cm water. Subjects used active or sham-CPAP for the duration of inpatient rehabilitation, but no longer than 28 days. CPAP compliance was assessed by memory card that recorded mask-on time. Other information on download, such as apnea-hypopnea index, was only available on active-CPAP and not assessed by investigators in real time. In this study, the investigators defined tolerance as any continued use of CPAP at night and adherence as mean hours of CPAP use per night in those who were CPAP tolerant.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program for reconstructing electrocardiogram (ECG) waveforms from photoplethysmogram (PPG). A method for cardiovascular monitoring and analytics may include obtaining an electrical signal of a heart. The method may also include obtaining a circulatory signal related to a pulsatile volume of blood in tissue. The method may also include preprocessing the electrical signal and the circulatory signal. The method may further include training a mapping using the preprocessed electrical signal and circulatory signal. In addition, the method may include deriving cardiovascular data based on the trained mapping of the preprocessed electrical signal or circulatory signal.
Intraarticular knee lesions are often in patients with early stages of osteoarthritis. The most frequent findings are degenerative meniscus/meniscal tears and cartilage degeneration. Degenerative meniscal lesions or meniscal tears are often incidental findings without any complains from patients. In the current literature there is no evidence for good clinical outcomes after arthroscopically treatment degenerative meniscus. Cartilage injuries are common in osteoarthritic knee and depending on grading of chondromalacia are usually treated by microfractures. By this time the choice of performed surgery depends on surgeons personal assessment. The investigators believe that concomitant intraarticular procedures added to HTO will provide better clinical outcomes.
FIELD: pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to emulsion-in-oil containing retinol, fatty phase and emulsifier of an aqueous phase in fatty phase. Fatty phase has, at least, one organic solvent for retinol (liquid at the room temperature) at basic pH value of an aqueous phase. Proposed emulsion can be used in dermatology and cosmetics. Invention relates to method of preparing emulsion and hermetic package for emulsion. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of emulsion proposed.
The strong relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and interpersonal problems is well documented. PTSD is highly associated with relationship discord, increased intimate partner violence, and difficulties in connecting with others, leading to social isolation. These types of conflicts, as well as the social withdrawal that is common among Veterans with PTSD, diminish the Veteran's opportunities for interaction with supportive others, and serve as a barrier to successful posttraumatic adjustment. Treatments that have been "rolled out" nationally in VAMCs, e.g., Prolonged Exposure, Cognitive Processing Therapy, and Trauma-Focused CBT, do not directly target these relationship difficulties. Furthermore, data show that only a limited number of Veterans has fully engaged with these interventions. Evidence-based interventions of couples therapy are available, but are not logistically feasible for many couples and do not address the problems of those who are socially isolated. This application proposes a randomized clinical trial of Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT-PTSD) as a treatment for Veterans with PTSD and relationship problems. Pilot data suggest that this type of treatment may provide a useful alternative strategy for Veterans who would prefer an individual, relationship-focused approach. The investigators propose comparing IPT-PTSD with Prolonged Exposure (PE), an evidence based treatment for PTSD used in the VHA system. The investigators hypothesize that IPT-PTSD will be statistically equivalent to PE in reducing PTSD symptom severity, and superior to PE in improving interpersonal functioning. IPT-PTSD is also hypothesized to be more effective than PE in improving social adjustment and quality of life. Exploratory analyses will examine whether IPT-PTSD is more effective than PE in reducing suicidal ideation, and will examine hypothesized mediators of improvement in PTSD symptoms in IPT-PTSD.
The disclosure includes a composition including a poly(L-glutamic acid) and a NIRF dye. It also includes a method including providing to a plurality of cells an imaging agent including poly(L-glutamic acid), a NIRF dye and then imaging the cells to detect the imaging agent. It further includes a dual functional contrast agent including an MRI agent conjugated with an optical imaging agent. A method of detecting cancer is provided including injecting a dual functional contrast agent into a patient and performing both an MRI and an optical scan. The presence of the agent may indicate cancer. A method of detecting cancer by injecting PG-DTPA-Gd-NIR813 into a patient, then detecting the presence or absence of Gd in a cell or tissue of the patient and detecting the presence or absence of NIR813 in a cell or tissue of the patient is provided. The presence of Gd and NIR813 may indicate cancer.
Process comprises collection of antibodies produced by a fused cell hybrid of a human cell capable of producing antibodies against a bacterial toxin and a mycloma cell. - Continuous cell line producing human anti-exotoxin antibodies comprises a fused cell hybrid of a human peripheral blood lymphocyte immunised by a toxin, or an immunogenic fragment of it, or a toxoid prepd. from an exotoxin, or an immunogenic fragment of it, and a mouse mycloma cell. The toxins may be replaced by toxoids. - Continuous cell line producing human anti-endotoxin antibodies comprises a fused cell hybrid of a human peripheral blood lymphocyte obtd. from an individual and then stimulated in vitro with a bacterial endotoxin, or an immunogenic fragment of it, or an exotoxoid or an immunogenic fragment of it, and a mouse mycloma cell. (D) Cell lines 9F12 (ATCC HB8177) and 16M3F10 are new. - The human monoclonal antibodies are useful in the therapy of human infections, malignancy and organ transplant rejection, and they are useful in analytical and diagnostic techniques. Cell line 9F12 produces antibodies against tetanus toxin and 16M3F10 against diphtheria toxin. (0/0) EPAB- EP-105804 B Cell line 9F12 deposited with the American Type Culture Collection under accession number HB 8177. - (22pp)
AIMS: Alström syndrome (AS) is a rare recessive disorder characterised by diabetes, obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and visual and hearing impairments. Mutations in the ALMS1 gene have been identified as the causative agents of AS. This study aimed to explore the relationship between rare ALMS1 variants and clinical features in Chinese patients with early-onset type 2 diabetes (age at diagnosis ≤40 years; EOD).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: ALMS1 gene sequencing was performed in 611 Chinese individuals with EOD, 36 with postprandial hyperinsulinemia, and 47 with pre-diabetes and fasting IR. In-silico prediction algorithm and the American College of Medical Genetics Guidelines (ACMG) were used to evaluate the deleteriousness and pathogenicity of the variants.
RESULTS: Sixty-two rare ALMS1 variants (frequency <0.005) were identified in 82 patients with EOD. Nineteen variants were predicted to be deleterious (pD). Patients with EOD carrying pD variants had higher fasting C-peptide, postprandial C-peptide, and HOMA2-IR levels than those without variants. The frequency of ALMS1 pD variants in the subgroup with more insulin-resistant EOD was higher than that in other EOD subgroups. Two patients with EOD, obesity, and IR who carried one heterozygous pathogenic/likely pathogenic rare variant of ALMS1 according to ACMG were identified. Moreover, rare heterozygous pD variants of ALMS1 were found in participants from cohorts of postprandial hyperinsulinemia as well as in pre-diabetes with fasting IR.
CONCLUSIONS: ALMS1 rare pD variants are enriched in the populations with significant IR, which is a major hallmark of diabetes pathogenesis. Accordingly, our exploratory study provides insights and hypotheses for further studies of gene function.
The study will assess pressure used during palpatory diagnosis of the paraspinal region. The research hypothesis is that both experience and gender will affect the amount of pressure exerted with diagnostic springing. The data will be valuable in characterizing practice parameters of novice and skilled osteopathic clinicians in palpation and will provide data on skill maturation from novice to experienced clinician. It will also allow far more precise teaching of these skills to students, who can use the transducers to determine how much pressure they are using compared to skilled clinicians. For measuring the palpatory forces, a thin film pressure transducer will be used in the hand of the clinician. Data will be collected on a portable computer via an analog to digital interface.
OBJECTIVE: Iliofemoral venous obstructive disease can result in significant, potentially debilitating symptoms that can negatively affect quality of life. Unlike arterial disease, patients with deep venous disease have a significantly lower median age, therefore the need for long term stent patency becomes a matter of decades rather than years. Furthermore, iliofemoral lesions frequently require stent placement across the inguinal ligament. Such stents are subject to dynamic stress from leg movement and associated concerns for device fatigue, resulting in stent fracture. The aim of this study was to describe an in vitro 50 year stent fatigue test method designed to assess durability against dynamic stress induced device fracture.
METHODS: Through literature review, cadaver studies, and computer modelling, the most challenging loading was confirmed to be hip flexion across the inguinal ligament. This occurs when the patient adjusts between a seated and standing position. Sit to stand hip flexion at the inguinal ligament was effectively simulated on the bench in this in vitro experimental study.
RESULTS: When tested under challenge parameters, hip flexion was reliably found to cause fractures in non-venous nitinol stents. However, a dedicated self expanding nitinol venous stent, engineered for improved durability, underwent up to 50 years of simulated loading on the bench with 15% (3/20) of stents experiencing fractures at 50 years, compared with fractures in 35% (14/40) of non-venous stents tested to 1.4 years; no statistical testing was performed as durations do not match and the objective was to demonstrate the test method.
CONCLUSION: The presented fatigue test method is a suitable approach for evaluating the durability of stents intended for venous use. Venous stents demonstrated superior fatigue resistance compared with non-venous stents via in vitro hip flexion testing.
PURPOSE:To obtain a filter material, useful for blood transfusion and usable for removing leukocytes from the whole blood or an erythrocytic pharmaceutical by introducing acidic functional groups into a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric or a polymer porous substance. CONSTITUTION:The objective filter material is obtained by introducing one or more acidic functional groups (e.g. carboxyl, phosphoric acid or phenol) into a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric or a polymer porous substance (e.g. polyvinyl formal) having open cells according to a method for radiation grafting, etc. The porosity of the polymer porous substance is 45-95% and the density of the acidic functional groups in the material is 0.05-5mequiv./m<2> based on the surface area of the filter material. Leukocytes can be removed at a higher level than that of a filter material without any acidic functional groups and a lower leukocyte residual ratio can be achieved for blood after filtration. The filter material is suitable for treating collagen disease, leukemia, etc., and extracorporeal circulation type removal of the leukocytes.