anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia disease, and the incidence of AF increases markedly with age and approximately doubles with each decade. According to the previous study, the incidence of stroke were five times in patients with AF than those in the general population. Systemic oral anticoagulant is a well-established, guideline-recommended therapy for the prevention of ischemic stroke in patients with nonvalvular AF at high risk of embolism (CHA2DS2-VASc scores ≥2 in men and ≥3 in women), and the guidelines recommend that the novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) be preferred (Class I, Level of evidence A). However, a significant proportion of patients with nonvalvular AF have difficulties in long-term oral anticoagulant therapy, due to medication adherence and contraindications to oral anticoagulants. Also, several randomized controlled trials indicated that bleeding risk remained high with novel oral anticoagulants. Therefore, it is essential to explore alternative treatment strategies for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular AF.

It has been reported that the left atrial appendage (LAA) is suspected as a vital source of cerebral emboli and may lead to ischemic stroke, removal or closure of the LAA may be an alternative to oral anticoagulants. Various surgical or interventional approaches have been developed to close or occlude LAA to prevent stroke in AF patients, such as percutaneous LAA occlusion, suture ligation, and surgical excision. However, these techniques suffer from incomplete LAA closure or the presence of residual blood flow, which can lead to thrombosis and stroke. Thoracoscopic LAA clip, on the other hand, cloud block blood flow between the LAA and the left atrium (LA), achieving isolation of LAA and preventing thrombi and strokes. A previous study has demonstrated a high 95% success rate of LAA clipping without operation-related complications, and freedom from stroke was 99.1% at a median follow-up of 20 months. Therefore, LAA clipping is an effective and durable method in stroke prevention. However, currently high-quality RCTs are lacking to support the superiority of LAA clipping compared with NOACs in terms of stroke prevention and safety. In this trial, the investigators designed a multicenter prospective RCT to compare the efficacy and safety of thoracoscopic LAA clipping and NOACs in patients with non-paroxysmal AF.
PURPOSE: To review the different imaging modalities utilized in the diagnosis of Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease (ICAD) including their latest development and relevance in management of ICAD.
METHODS: A review of the literature was conducted through a search in google scholar, PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, clinical trials.gov and the Cochrane Library. Search terms included, "imaging modalities in ICAD," "ICAD diagnostic," "Neuroimaging of ICAD," "Evaluation of ICAD". A summary and comparison of each modality's basic principles, advantages and disadvantages were included.
RESULTS: A total of 144 articles were identified and reviewed. The most common imaging used in ICAD diagnoses were DSA, CTA, MRA and TCD. They all had proven accuracy, their own benefits, and limitations. Newer modalities such as VWI, IVUS, OCT, PWI and CFD provide more detailed information regarding the vessel walls, plaque characteristics, and flow dynamics, which play a tremendous role in treatment guidance. In certain clinical scenarios, using more than one modality has been shown to be helpful in ICAD identification. The rapidly evolving software related to imaging studies, such as virtual histology, are very promising for the diagnostic and management of ICAD.
CONCLUSIONS: ICAD is a common cause of recurrent ischemic stroke. Its management can be both medical and/or procedural. Many different imaging modalities are used in its diagnosis. In certain clinical scenario, a combination of two more modalities can be critical in the management of ICAD. We expect that continuous development of imaging technique will lead to individualized and less invasive management with adequate outcome.
Hepatocarcinogenesis is a multi-step process. However, the regulators of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) initiation are understudied. Adult liver-specific gene expression was globally downregulated in HCC. We hypothesize that adult liver-specific genes, especially adult liver-enriched transcription factors may exert tumor-suppressive functions in HCC. In this study, we identify ZBTB7B, an adult liver-enriched transcription factor as a permissive regulator of HCC initiation. ZBTB7B is highly expressed in hepatocytes in adult livers, compared to fetal livers. To evaluate the functions of ZBTB7B in hepatocarcinogenesis, we performed hepatocyte-specific ZBTB7B knockout in hydrodynamic oncogene transfer-induced mouse liver cancer models. Hepatocyte-specific knockout of ZBTB7B promotes activated Akt and N-Ras-induced HCC development. Moreover, ZBTB7B deficiency sensitizes hepatocytes to a single oncogene Akt-induced oncogenic transformation and HCC initiation, which is otherwise incompetent in inducing HCC. ZBTB7B deficiency accelerates HCC initiation by down-regulating adult liver-specific gene expression and priming livers to a fetal-like state. The molecular mechanism underlying ZBTB7B functions in hepatocytes was investigated by integrated transcriptomic, phosphoproteomic, and chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing analyses. Integrative multi-omics analyses identify c-Jun as the core signaling node in ZBTB7B-deficient liver cancer initiation. c-Jun is a direct target of ZBTB7B essential to accelerated liver cancer initiation in ZBTB7B-deficient livers. Knockdown of c-Jun expression or dominant negative c-Jun expression delays HCC development in ZBTB7B-deficient livers. In addition, ZBTB7B competes with c-Jun for chromatin binding. Ectopic ZBTB7B expression attenuates the tumor-promoting functions of c-Jun. Expression of ZBTB7B signature, composed of 140 genes co-regulated by ZBTB7B and c-Jun, is significantly downregulated in early-stage HCCs compared to adjacent normal tissues, correlates to liver-specific gene expression, and is associated with good prognosis in human HCC. Thus, ZBTB7B functions as a permissive regulator of HCC initiation by directly regulating c-Jun expression and function.
A medical, educational, and home healthcare materials distribution system for enabling medical subscribers to provide the best available diagnosis-related products to clients. A patient/user enters the system by presenting to a medical subscriber, either in person or by other means, to receive a medically-informed recommendation. The recommendation may be an oral communication, order form, or a special prescription pad. The medical subscriber may make suggestions to the patient/user as to appropriate educational materials and medical products or may rely entirely on the distribution center of the system to correlate the patient's diagnosis to preselected educational materials and home medical assessment or monitoring products. The patient may personally place orders through the system or have them ordered by the medical office. The distribution center ships the materials to the patient by mail and sends documentation of the transaction to the patient's physician's office.
Depression, anxiety and sleep disorders are prevalent psychiatric conditions worldwide, significantly impacting the physical and mental well-being of individuals. The treatment of these conditions poses various challenges, including limited efficacy and potential side effects. Tea, a globally recognized healthful beverage, contains a variety of active compounds. Studies have shown that consuming tea or ingesting its certain active ingredients have a beneficial impact on the mental health issues mentioned above. While the effects of tea on physical health are well-documented, there remains a gap in our systematic understanding of its impact on mental health. This article offers a thorough overview of animal, clinical, and epidemiological studies examining tea and its components in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders, and summarizes the associated molecular mechanisms. The active ingredients in tea, including L-theanine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), arginine, catechins, theaflavins, caffeine, theacrine, and several volatile compounds, may help improve depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. The underlying molecular mechanisms involve the regulation of neurotransmitters, including monoamines, GABA, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), as well as the suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation. Additionally, these ingredients may influence the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This review provides valuable insights into the effects and mechanisms by which tea and its components regulate depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders, laying the groundwork for further research into relevant mechanisms and the development of tea-based mental health products.
BACKGROUND: Many patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) are critically ill and experience increased thirst. Study aims are to develop and evaluate a nurse-based counselling intervention to promote self-care competencies related to thirst in hospitalised patients with advanced CHF eligible or listed for heart transplantation.
METHODS: A mixed-methods approach will be adapted with three study phases: (1) development of the nurse-based counselling intervention, (2) feasibility testing and training of nurses, and (3) implementation of the intervention and, evaluation of initial effects and process measures. In phase (1), interviews with hospitalised patients with advanced CHF listed for heart transplantation (n = 10), focus groups (n = 2) and a Germany-wide survey with nurses will be performed. In phase (2), experts experienced with caring for patients with advanced CHF and patients with advanced CHF will be consulted for content validation and pretest of the counselling intervention. The training concept for nurses will be evaluated using questionnaires. In phase (3), a pilot before-after study will be conducted (n = 60). Primary patient-related outcome for the pilot study is thirst intensity using a numeric rating scale. Furthermore, a process evaluation (interviews with patients [n = 10], survey with nurses and physicians) will be performed. Quantitative data will be analysed descriptively, and qualitative data will be analysed using content analysis. Mean values of thirst intensity of the individual measurement points will be evaluated as interrupted time-series analysis using regression analyses.
CONCLUSION: The development and implementation of a counselling intervention is influenced by various factors. Therefore, it is important to consider all factors throughout the process from development to evaluation.
PURPOSE:To obtain a new medicinal agent presenting no cytotoxicity, highly inhibiting the production of venous cell adhesive molecule-1 (VCAM-1) by human venous endothelial cells, thus useful as a metastasis inhibitor, anti-inflammatory agent, medicine for e.g. arteriosclerosis. CONSTITUTION:This VCAM-1 production inhibitor contains, as active ingredient, jolkinolide B of formula I or an alaninol derivative of formula II. The jolkinolide B of formula I is obtained by isolation from Euphorbia jolkini Boiss. followed by purification, the alaninol derivative of formula II from Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. The dose of the above compounds each is normally about 0.01-500mg/kg a day, and it is preferable that these compounds each be contained, as the active ingredient, at ca.0.01-99.99wt.% in the corresponding preparation.
Melatonin will be administered orally as a 10 mg dose three times a day for 14 days. Size 4 clear vegetable cellulose capsules containing 10 mg melatonin, microcrystalline cellulose, and rice concentrate prepared by Life Extension® will be over-encapsulated in opaque gelatin capsules. Over-encapsulation of melatonin treatments will be done by the research pharmacist and will be mailed to study subjects directly by courier. Melatonin capsules will be stored at room temperature.
The first third days of treatment was open label and all patients were given intravenous carbapenems. After day 3, the patients were randomized to either sitafloxacin group or ertapenem group by the use of a computer-generated random number allocation schedule and block size of four. The patients were allocated to the sitafloxacin group or ertapenem group using the sealed envelope method.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: method of producing the solid dosed medicinal form for oral use involves preparing a solid substrate containing an active component and an acrylic copolymer an aqueous dispersion, coating a substrate by an aqueous dispersion and obtaining a polymeric coating. Coating provides the sustain releasing an active component. Plasticized mixture consisting of ammonium-methacrylate copolymers that are copolymers of acrylic and methacrylic esters at low content of quaternary ammonium groups is used as an acrylic copolymer. Coating applied on substrate is hardened at temperature above glass transition point of a plasticized mixture of acrylic copolymers for at least 24 h. Obtained solid dosed forms have stable dissolving indices, no alternating at storage at increased temperature and/or increased relative humidity practically. EFFECT: improved method of producing and properties of medicinal forms. 34 cl, 17 tbl, 13 ex
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a heterogenous form of cognitive impairment that results from cerebrovascular disease. It is a result of both genetic and non-genetic factors. Although much research has been conducted on the genetic contributors to other forms of cognitive impairment (e.g. Alzheimer's disease), knowledge is lacking on the genetic factors associated with VCI. A better understanding of the genetics of VCI will be critical for prevention and treatment. To begin to fill this gap, the genetic contributors are reviewed with VCI from the literature. Phenome-wide scans of the identified genes are conducted and genetic variants identified in the review in large-scale resources displaying genetic variant-trait association information. Gene set are also carried out enrichment analysis using the genes identified from the review. Thirty one articles are identified meeting the search criteria and filters, from which 107 unique protein-coding genes are noted related to VCI. The phenome-wide scans and gene set enrichment analysis identify pathways associated with a diverse set of biological systems. This results indicate that genes with evidence of involvement in VCI are involved in a diverse set of biological functions. This information can facilitate downstream research to better dissect possible shared biological mechanisms for future therapies.
BACKGROUND: Fatigue is commonly observed in pediatric multiple sclerosis (pedMS) patients, but its underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. We evaluated whether resting-state (RS) functional connectivity (FC) abnormalities in monoaminergic networks contributed to explain fatigue in pedMS.
METHODS: Fifty-five pedMS and twenty-three matched healthy controls (HC) underwent clinical and RS functional MRI assessment. Patients with Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) score ≥ 4 were classified as fatigued (F). Patterns of dopamine-, noradrenaline- and serotonin-related RS FC were derived by constrained independent component analysis, using PET atlases for dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin transporters obtained in HCs' brain.
RESULTS: Compared to non-fatigued (NF)-pedMS patients and HC, F-pedMS patients (15/55, 27.3%) showed decreased dopamine-related RS FC in the right postcentral gyrus. They also showed decreased dopamine-related RS FC in the left insula vs. HC and increased dopamine-related RS FC in the left middle temporal gyrus and cerebellum (lobule VI) vs. NF patients. In the noradrenaline-related network, F-pedMS patients showed decreased RS FC in the left superior parietal lobule and increased RS FC in the right thalamus vs. HC and NF-pedMS. Compared to HC, F-pedMS patients also showed decreased RS FC in the right calcarine cortex and increased RS FC in the right middle frontal gyrus. In the serotonin-related network, F-pedMS patients showed decreased RS FC in the right angular gyrus and increased RS FC in the right postcentral gyrus vs. NF-pedMS patients.
DISCUSSION: In pedMS, fatigue is associated with specific monoaminergic network abnormalities, providing pathological markers for this bothersome symptom and putative targets for its treatment.
Physical training program will include: dosed aerobic training program on cycle ergometers (6 days/week, for 10-30 minutes, 30-50% watts or 30-50% HRmax). The training program consists individually according to the person state of health and respiratory muscle training (7 days/week, for 15 minutes).
A process for imparting a permanent change in the configuration of hair on the living human scalp includes the steps of bringing the hair into the desired configuration, treating the hair with a reducing permanent waving solution and subsequently treating the hair with a chlorite solution.  As reducing agent there may be used a mercaptan, thioglycolate, or bisulphite.  An alkali metal chlorite solution may be used with or without additions of sodium carbonate, chloride, sulphate, mono- or di-sodium phosphate, boric acid, sulphuric acid, or other substances which regulate the reaction or adjust the pH value, which may range from 7 to 12. The proportion of mercaptan or other reducing agent may be up to 25 per cent of the reducing solution, and a solution of a chlorite in a concentration of 0.5 to 3 per cent may be used for the subsequent treatment.  The chlorite treatment may be effected at 20-100 DEG  C.  The hair, dry or moistened with a reducing solution, e.g. ammonium thioglycolate solution, may be wrapped on solid rods, and then saturated or re-treated with the solution.  It is then allowed to remain in this state at room temperature until tests show formation of wave ridges when a strand of hair is uncoiled.  The hair is then thoroughly rinsed by spraying with warm water, and is continuously treated for 3-5 minutes with a solution of a chlorite at 40-50 DEG  C.  The hair is unwound from the rods and again treated with chlorite solution. This solution may contain 10 grams of sodium chlorite, 0.63 grams of sodium carbonate and, if desired, 10 grams of urea per litre. Instead of winding the hair on rods, it may be coiled into pin-curls and suitably fastened.  Alternatively, the hair may be wound upon hollow curler rods and the various solutions and rinsing water are forced through the curls from the inside by means of a pump.  In another method of treatment, the curler rods are removed after the curls have been fastened in place.  The reducing solution may contain a mixture of reducing agents, e.g. mercaptans may be mixed with sulphites, or bisulphites.  The solution may also contain sulphates or carbonates.  Heating devices such as exothermic chemical pads and machine heaters may be used in the treatment.
Black point, a severe global wheat disease, necessitates deploying resistant cultivars for effective control. However, susceptibility remains prevalent among most wheat cultivars. Identifying new sources of resistance and understanding their mechanisms are crucial for breeding resistant cultivars. This study pinpointed black point resistance in an ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized wheat population of Wanyuanbai 1 (WYB) and analyzed resistant mutants using RNA-Seq. The findings revealed the following: (i) wyb-18, among 10,008 EMS-mutagenized lines, exhibited robust resistance with significantly lower black point incidence under artificial Bipolaris sorokiniana inoculation in 2020 and 2021 (average incidence of 5.2% over 2 years), markedly reduced compared with WYB (50.9%). (ii) wyb-18 kernels displayed black point symptoms at 12 days after inoculation (dai), 3 days later than WYB. At 15 dai, wyb-18 kernels had isolated black spots, unlike WYB kernels, where the entire embryo turned black. (iii) wyb-18 showed heightened antioxidant enzyme activity, including peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. (iv) Analysis of 543 differentially expressed genes between wyb-18 and WYB at 9 dai identified enrichment in the MAPK signaling pathway through KEGG analysis. Ten genes in this pathway exhibited upregulated expression, while one was downregulated in wyb-18. Among these genes, PR1, WRKY11, SAPK5, and TraesCS1A02G326800 (chitin recognition protein) consistently showed upregulation in wyb-18, making them potential candidates for black point resistance. These results offer valuable germplasm resources for breeding and novel insights into the mechanisms of black point resistance.
In patients treated with ALND, bilateral arm measurements will be obtained using the Perometer (Model 350 NT Perometer, Per-System) circumferential arm measurements with elastic tape taken at 4-cm intervals from the wrist to the shoulder \& the L-Dex U400 (Impedimed, Brisbane, Australia) for bioimpedance measurements. Measurements will be performed at baseline (prior to surgery), post-operatively (after surgery) \& at scheduled timepoints of 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, \& 24 months after surgery for a total of 2 years. For a patient who is diagnosed with lymphedema at ≥ 13 months after surgery, surveillance will continue for an additional 12 months after \[lymphedema\] diagnosis, \& total surveillance time may exceed 2 years. Height \& weight will be obtained for each patient at baseline \& at each scheduled visit for the purpose of calculating BMI. All patients will complete the ULL-27 (upper limb lymphedema) quality-of-life questionnaire at baseline \& at each scheduled visit.