anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) is a 9-point scaling system used to categorise the frailty of patients. The CFS is well-established as a prognostic tool for decision-making within healthcare settings. However, the relationship between the CFS as a predictor for orthopaedic outcomes is limited. This review aims to provide an overview of the efficacy of the CFS as a prognostic tool for predicting orthopaedic outcomes.
METHODS: Systematic review using PRISMA checklist (PROSPERO registered: CRD42023456648). Ovid and PubMed databases were searched using defined search terms to identify English language papers between 2007 and June 2023 which fit the inclusion criteria. Abstract screening was carried out independently and included studies proceeded to full-text review.
RESULTS: 10 studies were identified. Studies used a range of outcome measures to assess success, including gross outcomes like mortality rates, as well as more specific functional outcomes, such as joint functionality scores. Studies identified that higher CFS scores correlate to poorer outcomes within orthopaedic patients. These include higher rates of mortality (41.7 % at one-year post proximal femur fracture for CFS ≥ 7), longer length of hospital stay and increased risk of adverse events post-procedure (both increased linearly from CFS 1 to 4). Additionally, the CFS was shown to be a strong prognostic tool when compared to other frailty scales. The number of studies that evaluated the relationship between the CFS and joint functionality scores is limited.
CONCLUSION: Higher CFS scores are associated with poorer orthopaedic outcomes. However, it is difficult to quantify the true impact due to the limited number of high-quality studies. Further work to characterise the relationship between both gross and functional outcomes associated with the utilisation of the CFS in orthopaedic settings is essential to ascertain the utility of this simple score to improve resource allocation and provide effective consent to patients.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Mounting evidence suggests the gastrointestinal microbiome is a determinant of peripheral immunity and central neurodegeneration, but the local disease mechanisms remain unknown. Given its potential relevance for early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention, we set out to map the pathogenic changes induced by bacterial amyloids in the gastrointestinal tract and its enteric nervous system.
METHODS: To examine the early response, we challenged primary murine myenteric networks with curli, the prototypical bacterial amyloid, and performed shotgun RNA sequencing and multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Using enteric neurosphere-derived glial and neuronal cell cultures, as well as in vivo curli injections into the colon wall, we further scrutinized curli-induced pathogenic pathways.
RESULTS: Curli induced a proinflammatory response, with strong up-regulation of Saa3 and the secretion of several cytokines. This proinflammatory state was induced primarily in enteric glia, was accompanied by increased levels of DNA damage and replication, and triggered the influx of immune cells in vivo. The addition of recombinant Serum Amyloid A3 (SAA3) was sufficient to recapitulate this specific proinflammatory phenotype while Saa3 knock-out attenuated curli-induced DNA damage and replication. Similar to curli, recombinant SAA3 caused a strong up-regulation of Saa3 transcripts, illustrating its self-amplifying potential . Since colonization of curli-producing Salmonella and dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis triggered a significant increase in Saa3 transcripts as well, we assume SAA3plays a central role in enteric dysfunction. Inhibition of dual leucine zipper kinase, an upstream regulator of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway responsible for SAA3 production, attenuated curli- and recombinant SAA3-induced Saa3 up-regulation, DNA damage, and replication in enteric glia.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results position SAA3 as an important mediator of gastrointestinal vulnerability to bacterial-derived amyloids and demonstrate the potential of dual leucine zipper kinase inhibition to dampen enteric pathology.
The invention relates to a drug used for treating irregular menstruation. The drug comprises, by weight, 9 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 6 parts of radix paeoniae alba, 6 parts of angelica sinensis, 8 parts of hairyvein agrimony and 12 parts of leonurus. The inventor considers that irregular menstruation is closely related to injuries, caused by viscera malfunctioning and qi-blood disharmony, to the chong channel and the ren channel, and the emphasis of treatment is to replenish qi and enrich the blood for regulating menstruation. In the formula, the astragalus membranaceus has the effect of warmly nourishing yangqi; the radix paeoniae alba has the effects of nourishing yin and supplementing the blood; the angelica sinensis has the effects of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis and guiding the blood to enter the channel; the leonurus is special gynecology medicine and has the effects of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, regulating menstruation and stopping pain; the hairyvein agrimony has the effects of astringency and hemostasis. The raw medicinal materials are used in conjunction to achieve the aims of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, regulating menstruation and promoting diuresis, and as the drug takes effect, symptoms can basically vanish. Clinical trial prompts that the drug can be safely and effectively used for treating irregular menstruation.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the subject new compound useful as a centrally acting agent, especially an antipsychotic agent. SOLUTION: This compound is expressed by formula I [the ring A is a monocyclic or bicyclic saturated hydrocarbon ring containing one N atom; B is a (substituted) aryl, etc.; X is O or S; R<1> to R<3> are each H, a 1-4C alkyl, a 1-8C alkoxy, etc.], e.g. 1-[4-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)butyryl]pyrrolidine. The compound of formula I (X is O) can be produced by reacting a compound of formula II with ethyl 4-bromobutanoate in a solvent such as toluene, reacting the resultant compound of formula III with an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, etc., and reacting the obtained compound of formula IV and a compound of formula V with diethyl cyanophosphate in the presence of a base at room temperature. The compound of the formula I (X is S) can be produced by reacting a compound of the formula I (X is O) with phosphorus pentasulfide, etc.
There is a lack of both level 1 evidence and consensus regarding the optimal treatment strategy for older men (\>=75 years) with non-metastatic, high-risk prostate cancer. Currently, in Scandinavia, the majority of older patients are treated conservatively, i.e. with hormone therapy or watchful waiting while some centers recommend immediate curative therapy regardless of patient age. Older patients thus risk both undertreatment and overtreatment of their cancer. This randomized clinical trial investigates if immediate curative therapy of high-risk, non-metastatic prostate cancer prolongs life (as it does in younger patients) and improves health-related quality of life. Furthermore, this trial investigates if the early side effects of immediate curative therapy are compensated by better long-term tumor control, better quality of life, functional status and improved survival.
The Aging Mastery Program® (AMP) offers community-based organizations a clear path to engage older adults and address the physical, financial, and emotional wellness of older adults. First piloted nationally in five senior centers, AMP incorporates evidence-based materials, expert speakers, group discussion, and peer support to give participants the skills and tools they need to achieve measurable improvements in managing their health and remaining economically secure. The program aims to empower seniors to make and maintain small, impactful changes to their behaviors to live a healthier, happier, and more secure life. AMP has been field-tested in various rural and urban setting, senior centers, and across an ethnically diverse middle-aged and older adult population, reaching almost 6,000 since 2013. Currently, the program is being evaluated through a quasi-experimental study in New York State and under consideration as an evidence-based program.

The National Council on Aging study team will train six program leads from the City of Los Angeles Department of Aging and Los Angeles Area on Aging to implement Aging Mastery Program® (AMP). The intervention will consist of a 10-week series held once-a-week for an hour and half (90 minutes). It will be group-based and led by trained facilitators and designated expert speakers in a community-based setting (senior centers). The program reviews 10 central areas of aging (1) navigating longer lives, (2) physical activity, (3) sleep, (4) healthy eating and hydration, (5) financial security, (6) medication management, (7) advance care planning, (8) healthy relationships, (9) falls prevention, and (10) community engagement. The intervention is based in social cognitive theory and attribution retraining and incorporates elements such as verbal persuasion, goal setting, problem solving, and attribution retraining techniques that encourage students to adopt controllable and unstable explanations.

Study Participants (N=200 or n=40/site) will be recruited from 5 study sites to participate in the Aging Mastery Program. UCLA study personnel will be on-site to consent older adults to participate in the evaluation of intervention and take part of baseline and post-intervention assessments. Upon signing the consent, study staff will collect self-administered baseline data (measures and measurement tools --i.e. Patient Information Survey, PROMIS and Patient Activation Survey (PAM) from all participants (n=200). After baseline data has been collected, participants will be randomized and assigned to either the immediate intervention groups (n=100 intervention) or the wait-list control (n=100). At each site, forty participants will be in the intervention group and 40 will be in wait-list control. Following the 10-week Aging Mastery Program®, post-intervention assessment (measures and measurement tools --i.e. Patient Information Survey, Patient Satisfaction, PROMIS and PAM) will be administered. During the data collection sessions, study staff will go to community sites and collect post-treatment self-reported assessment
During Part B, subjects will receive GSK2838232/ placebo, in an open-label, unbalanced, 3-period, cross-over design; subjects will be randomized (1:1) to each sequence. The relative bioavailability of single 100 mg doses of powder in a bottle (PIB) Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) of GSK2838232 versus PIB Spray-Dried Dispersion (SDD) will be assessed (Period 1: SDD GSK2838232 100 mg vs GSK2838232 API 100 mg; period 2: GSK2838232 API 100 mg Vs SDD GSK2838232 100 mg ). A single dose of GSK2838232 will be co-administered on the 10th day of RTV dosing (period 3:GSK2838232 10 mg + RTV 100 mg); RTV dosing will continue for an additional 4 days (total of 14 days).
Benzoic acids, which are commonly found in food, are also produced by human microbiota from other dietary phenolics. The aim was to investigate the interactions of 8 food-related benzoic acids with the physiological metals iron and copper under different (patho)physiologically relevant pH conditions in terms of chelation, reduction, impact on the metal-based Fenton chemistry, and copper-based hemolysis. Only 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid behaved as a protective substance under all conditions. It chelated iron, reduced both iron and copper, and protected against the iron and copper-based Fenton reaction. Conversely, 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid did not chelate iron and copper, reduced both metals, potentiated the Fenton reaction, and worsened copper-based hemolysis of rat red blood cells. The other tested compounds showed variable effects on the Fenton reaction. Interestingly, prooxidative benzoic acids mildly protected human erythrocytes against Cu-induced lysis. In conclusion, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid seems to have a protective effect against copper and iron-based toxicity under different conditions.
INTRODUCTION: Our main objective was to identify baseline prognostic factors predictive of rapid disease progression in a large unselected clinical autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) cohort.
METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was performed in 618 consecutive ADPKD patients assessed and followed-up for over a decade. A total of 123 patients (19.9%) had reached kidney failure by the study date. Data were available for the following: baseline eGFR (n = 501), genotype (n = 549), baseline ultrasound mean kidney length (MKL, n = 424) and height-adjusted baseline MKL (HtMKL, n = 377). Rapid disease progression was defined as an annualized eGFR decline (∆eGFR) of >2.5 mL/min/year by linear regression over 5 years (n = 158). Patients were further divided into slow, rapid and very rapid ∆eGFR classes for analysis. Genotyped patients were classified into several categories: PKD1 (T, truncating; or NT, non-truncating), PKD2, other genes (non-PKD1 or -PKD2), no mutation detected or variants of uncertain significance.
RESULTS: A PKD1-T genotype had the strongest influence on the probability of reduced baseline kidney function by age. A multivariate logistic regression model identified PKD1-T genotype and HtMKL (>9.5 cm/m) as independent predictors for rapid disease progression. The combination of both factors increased the positive predictive value for rapid disease progression over age 40 years and of reaching kidney failure by age 60 years to 100%. Exploratory analysis in a subgroup with available total kidney volumes showed higher positive predictive value (100% vs 80%) and negative predictive value (42% vs 33%) in predicting rapid disease progression compared with the Mayo Imaging Classification (1C-E).
CONCLUSION: Real-world longitudinal data confirm the importance of genotype and kidney length as independent variables determining ∆eGFR. Individuals with the highest risk of rapid disease progression can be positively selected for treatment based on this combination.
UNLABELLED: Currently, severe combined abdominal trauma ranks third among all causes of mortality In Russia, second only to cardiovascular and oncologic diseases. In the period from 2019 to 2020 in our country, a slight decrease in traumatism is noted due to a decrease in the number of traffic accidents as the main cause of combined and multiple trauma. The number of abdominal injuries from the total number of injuries In Russian regions ranges from 1.5 to 36.5% and is accompanied by a high level of disability (25-80% in combined trauma and 5-8% in isolated trauma). Despite modern medical advances, lethality in combined trauma of abdominal organs varies from 10.7 to 69.7%, with closed abdominal trauma accounting for up to 6% of fatal outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: Improving treatment outcomes in patients with closed abdominal trauma through comprehensive diagnosis of SCN and optimization of enteral therapy in patients with closed abdominal trauma.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 40 patients (29 (72.5%) men and 11 (27.5%) women), who underwent examination and treatment at the State Budgetary Institution "Research Institute of SP. Im. N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of St. Petersburg State Medical Center with the diagnosis: Closed abdominal trauma. The age of the patients varied from 25 to 81 years (Mean age was 49.6±13.1). To evaluate the effectiveness of intensive therapy, the patients were divided into 2 groups: the comparison group (n=26) included patients who were treated with complex conservative therapy. Patients of the main group (n=14) conservative therapy was supplemented with the use of ER to restore the functional activity of the intestine under the control of ultrasound and assessment of the degree of intra-abdominal hypertension, as well as with Intestamine to stimulate the intestinal trauma.
RESULTS: In the course of the study it was found that, as a result of complex enteral therapy in the patients of the main group, starting from the 7th day of stay in the ORIT, positive dynamics was observed, consisting in a statistically significant decrease in the levels of lactate, ALT, AST, LDH, and CRP. By the 14th day there was also a statistically significant decrease in leukocyte and PCT levels. The lethality in the main group amounted to 7.2%, n=1. At the same time, in patients of the comparison group only by the 7th day there was a decrease in concentration of CRP (p=0.065), by the 10th day - ALT (<0.001) and by the 14th day there was a decrease in leukocytes level (p=0.038). Lethality in this group amounted to 23.1%, n=6.
CONCLUSION: Timely initiation of pathogenetic enteral therapy contributes to faster normalization of clinical and laboratory parameters, protection of intestinal barrier function, prevention of complications associated with bacterial translocation and bacterial overgrowth syndrome, increase in immunoresistance of the organism.
PURPOSE:To obtain a preparation having quick and prolonged action by compounding nifedipin with EC, HPMC and, as necessary, further HPC at specific ratios. CONSTITUTION:The objective preparation can be produced by compounding nifedipin with ethylcellulose(EC). hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC) and hydroxypropylcellulose(HPC). The sum of EC and HPMC or the sum of EC, HPMC and HPC is 100-300 pts.wt. (especially 130-160 pts.wt.) based on 100 pts.wt. of nifedipin and the amount of HPMC or the sum of HPMC and HPC is 400-900 pts.wt. (preferably 500-600 pts.wt.) based on 100 pts.wt. of EC. The preparation can extremely easily be produced in high efficiency. Nifedipin in the preparation is quickly adsorbed up to the effective concentration in blood and the concentration is maintained within the remedying concentration range over a long period to ensure the durable action of the drug component.
The EFT group used a computerized version of the Set game. Set is a pattern-recognition card game where players must identify sets of three cards that share or differ in specific attributes, such as color, shape, or number. It was used to train cognitive flexibility. In addition, this group used four computer games to train problem-solving. Three of them were designed by Leo De Sol Games and were based on familiar games: (1) Rush Hour; (2) Pipes/Plumber; and (3) Sliding Puzzle. The fourth game, Thinkrolls Kings \& Queens by Avokiddo, is a challenging adventure puzzle game that incorporates logic and physics, requiring players to navigate mazes and overcome obstacles using reasoning. Additionally, three games developed by Mindware Consulting Inc. were used to train working memory based on well-known paradigms in the field.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a medicine including Growth Hormone secretagogue hexapeptide (GHRP).  <P>SOLUTION: This invention relates to a medicine for humans, and particularly to a pharmaceutical combination comprising Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) and Growth Hormone secretagogue hexapeptide (GHRP) for use in preventing tissue damage due to blood flow suppression by enhancing tissue repair following ischemic damage. The combination may be applied as a single pharmaceutical composition. Alternatively, an individual may also receive both EGF and GHRP in a separate manner but within a single therapeutic regimen to enhance cellular survival when organs are subjected to blood flow deprivation for a critical period of time. This combination attenuates reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and its associated cytotoxicity. It is also useful in promoting cellular survival when tissues or organs are exposed to prolonged ischemic periods. The combination is useful as a prophylactic agent in those subjects prone to multiple organ failure (MOF) such as burn victims, multiple trauma patients, hypoxic neonates, acute respiratory distress syndrome patients, and necrotizing enterocolitis patients.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
PURPOSE: To obtain a eucalyptus tea having enhanced fragrance and sweetness and reduced grassy-smell characteristic to Eucalyptus and useful as fancy food and health food by subjecting foliage or bark of Eucalyptus to air drying followed by steaming. CONSTITUTION: Foliage or bark of Eucalyptus is cut into pieces of about 5-10cm in size, and they are spread in a room and subjected to air drying for 12-15hr. When sweet fragrance is developed, the dried pieces of foliage or bark are steamed for 1-5min to remove grassy-smell and deactivate enzymatic activity. After 50-60% of water is removed e.g. by pressed rolling, water is further removed to 3-5% by direct fire. The obtained eucalyptus tea is pulverized so as to pass through 50-250 mesh screen and boiled in water. The juice is heated for 10-60min at 40-60 deg.C to obtain a eucalyptus extract.
Tablets, contg. unstable substances in microdispersion, are prepd. by intimate mixing, before granulation, of the mass consisting of a polysaccharide solvent and the substances to be dispersed. The solvent is used during the mixing in the solid state, and the substances to be dispersed in a finely ground state. The mixt. is finally fused by heating to =30 min. Method requires lower temp. and less expensive equipment than conventional methods.
The invention describes how in procedure for hardly soluble and hydrolysis susceptible substances binding, a powder from hardly soluble substance along with a water-soluble binder, at least, goes through in free drop a water steam atmosphere at temperatures between 85 degree C and 105 degree C, essentially without compacting forces action. Here, residence time in water steam atmosphere is about 0,5 to 10 seconds. Thereafter, formed agglomerates are dried in free drop, so that in liquid-binder bridges formed in contact sites between primary particles, solid material small bridges are formed. In a fluidized bed drier integrated immediately thereafter, final drying is then performed, until a water content of less than 0.5 percent by weight. Procedure is carried out in a binder by steam spout, wherein a veil of powdered mixture product to be bound, which freely falls, is impacted by water steam by steam spout nozzle (5, 6). In binder (1) inferior part immediately after follows a fluidized or whirled bed drier (2), so that bound particles (4) fall directly in fluidized bed.
The objective of this randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study is to compare the safety and effectiveness of 1300 mg acetaminophen extended release given three times daily for nine days to that of 400 mg ibuprofen given three times daily for nine days for the signs and symptoms of Grade I and Grade II lateral ankle sprains. The primary efficacy endpoint is the change from baseline (Day 1) to Day 4 in the subjects' pain upon walking. Safety assessments consist of the monitoring of adverse events and assessments of the ankle injury during the course of the study. Two hypotheses are examined using a step down approach. The first hypothesis is that acetaminophen extended release is not inferior to ibuprofen in relieving the pain associated with (Grade I or Grade II) lateral ankle sprains. If acetaminophen extended release is not inferior to ibuprofen in relieving the pain associated with Grade I or Grade II lateral ankle sprains, the second hypothesis is that acetaminophen extended release is superior to ibuprofen in relieving the pain associated with Grade I or Grade II lateral ankle sprains. Two acetaminophen 650 mg extended release caplets, taken by mouth, three times a day for nine days or two ibuprofen 200 mg caplets, taken by mouth, three times a day for nine days