anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation affecting up to 2.0% of adults around the world. The molecular background of RA has not yet been fully elucidated, but RA is classified as a disease in which the genetic background is one of the most significant risk factors. One hallmark of RA is impaired DNA repair observed in patient-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The aim of this study was to correlate the phenotype defined as the efficiency of DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair with the genotype limited to a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of DSB repair genes. We also analyzed the expression level of key DSB repair genes. The study population contained 45 RA patients and 45 healthy controls. We used a comet assay to study DSB repair after in vitro exposure to bleomycin in PBMCs from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assays were used to determine the distribution of SNPs and the Taq Man gene expression assay was used to assess the RNA expression of DSB repair-related genes. PBMCs from patients with RA had significantly lower bleomycin-induced DNA lesion repair efficiency and we identified more subjects with inefficient DNA repair in RA compared with the control (84.5% vs. 24.4%; OR 41.4, 95% CI, 4.8-355.01). Furthermore, SNPs located within the RAD50 gene (rs1801321 and rs1801320) increased the OR to 53.5 (95% CI, 4.7-613.21) while rs963917 and rs3784099 (RAD51B) to 73.4 (95% CI, 5.3-1011.05). These results were confirmed by decision tree (DT) analysis (accuracy 0.84; precision 0.87, and specificity 0.86). We also found elevated expression of RAD51B, BRCA1, and BRCA2 in PBMCs isolated from RA patients. The findings indicated that impaired DSB repair in RA may be related to genetic variations in DSB repair genes as well as their expression levels. However, the mechanism of this relation, and whether it is direct or indirect, needs to be elucidated.
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a progressive disorder caused by insufficient expression of frataxin, which plays a critical role in assembly of iron-sulfur centers in mitochondria. Individuals are cognitively normal but display a loss of motor coordination and cardiac abnormalities. Many ultimately develop heart failure. Administration of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-positive (NAD+) precursors has shown promise in human mitochondrial myopathy and rodent models of heart failure, including mice lacking frataxin in cardiomyocytes. We studied mice with systemic knockdown of frataxin (shFxn), which display motor deficits and early mortality with cardiac hypertrophy. Hearts in these mice do not "fail" per se but become hyperdynamic with small chamber sizes. Data from an ongoing natural history study indicate that hyperdynamic hearts are observed in young individuals with FRDA, suggesting that the mouse model could reflect early pathology. Administering nicotinamide mononucleotide or riboside to shFxn mice increases survival, modestly improves cardiac hypertrophy, and limits increases in ejection fraction. Mechanistically, most of the transcriptional and metabolic changes induced by frataxin knockdown are insensitive to NAD+ precursor administration, but glutathione levels are increased, suggesting improved antioxidant capacity. Overall, our findings indicate that NAD+ precursors are modestly cardioprotective in this model of FRDA and warrant further investigation.
The proposed study will be a two-arm, non-blinded, 1:1 randomized controlled trial of a narrative intervention to reduce individual level abortion stigma that will be conducted at Planned Parenthood of Illinois (PPIL). The narrative intervention combines exposing patients to a digital narrative and then asking them to respond to a writing prompt, aiming first to normalize the abortion experience and then to help frame it in positive terms. Women randomized to the intervention will view a story created by the research team on a tablet using headphones. The story will be read by an actor and digitally recorded for playback by the participant. The narrative will combine a fictional patient's abortion story with basic medical and social facts regarding abortion. After viewing the narrative, the participant will be asked to write a narrative either on a tablet provided or on paper with the prompt: "Patients have different thoughts and feelings about their experiences when they have this procedure. Tell a story (about yourself or someone else, real or imaginary) that might help another patient feel supported." The goal behind this prompt is to allow the participant to write a narrative that is based in personal experience, but that provides the opportunity to mentally join a "virtual community" through the act of speaking to and helping another (theoretical) patient. Participants randomized to the intervention will complete the intervention during the visit, prior to meeting with an educator. Participants randomized to the control arm will receive regular care in the abortion clinic.

Stigma will be measured at baseline and 2-4 weeks following the intervention with the Individual Level Abortion Stigma Scale (ILAS), a scale that was developed to measure the impact of abortion stigma interventions. Four items from The Profile of Mood States- Short Form (POMS-SF) will be used to assess psychological distress at the abortion visit and again at follow-up. Pre- and post-intervention test scores between groups will be compared in the final analysis.
Gel-forming block copolymers were prepared comprising i) a central hydrophilic block consisting essentially of a divalent poly(ethylene oxide) chain and ii) two peripheral monocarbonate or polycarbonate hydrophobic blocks. The hydrophobic blocks comprise one or more vitamin-bearing subunits. The vitamin-bearing subunits comprise a carbonate backbone portion and a side chain comprising a covalently bound form of a vitamin. The gel-forming block copolymers can be used to prepare various biodegradable and/or biocompatible hydrogel and organogel drug compositions, in particular antimicrobial and/or anti-tumor drug compositions. The hydrogel compositions can be suitable for depot injections. Synergistic enhancement of toxicity to microbes was observed with compositions comprising an antimicrobial cationic polymer and an antimicrobial compound.
The invention discloses a tigecycline liposome injection, which is mainly prepared from tigecycline, hydrogenated ovolecithin, cholesterol, polyoxyethylene alkyl amine, sodium metabisulphite, and dextran. The liposome injection provided by the invention has good preparation stability. During a lyophilization process, the liposome is prevented from rupture caused by dehydration and fusion. After hydration and reconstitution, good entrapment efficiency and stability of the liposome are maintained. With the liposome injection provided by the invention, the quality of preparation product is improved, and the toxic and side effects of tigecycline are reduced. Therefore, the injection is suitable for large-scale productions.
FIELD: chemistry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to use of a copolymer for stabilizing a peroxide compound with respect to destruction, to versions of a copolymer, to a tooth whitening composition, to a formulation, to a method for stabilizing a peroxide compound. Copolymer for stabilizing the peroxide compound contains repeating units obtained from at least one first monomer and at least one comonomer. First monomer is selected from a group consisting of N-vinylpyrrolidone (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone), N-vinyl-3-methylpyrrolidinone, N-vinyl-3-methylcaprolactam, N-vinyl-4-methylpyrrolidinone, N-vinyl-4-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl-4-methylcaprolactam, N-vinyl-5-methylpyrrolidinone, N-vinyl-5-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N- vinyl-3-ethylpyrrolidinone, N-vinyl-4,5-dimethylpyrrolidinone, N-vinyl-5,5-dimethylpyrrolidinone, N-vinyl-3,3,5-trimethylpyrrolidinone, N-vinyl-5-methyl-5-ethylpyrrolidinone, N-vinyl-3,4,5-trimethyl-3-ethylpyrrolidinone, N-vinyl-2-caprolactam, N-vinyl-7-methylcaprolactam, N-vinyl-7-ethylcaprolactam, N-vinyl-3,5-dimethylcaprolactam, N-vinyl-4,6-dimethylcaprolactam, N-vinyl-3,5,7-trimethylcaprolactam, N-vinyl-2-valerolactam and combinations of these monomers. Comonomer used is at least one monomer containing at least one phosphonic acid group, or a monomer containing at least one sulphonic acid group, or a combination of these monomers. Peroxide compound is hydrogen peroxide. Copolymer can contain from 70 to 99.5 wt. % of repeating units obtained from N-vinylpyrrolidone or N-vinyl-2-caprolactam, and from 0.5 to 30 wt. %. of repeating units obtained from at least one comonomer selected from vinylphosphonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-sulphonic acid, and combinations thereof. Total weight of the repeating units derived from the first monomer and comonomer is 100 wt. %. Tooth whitening composition contains hydrogen peroxide and the said copolymer. Preparation contains the above composition for teeth whitening and represents toothpaste, or mouth rinsing agent, or gel for teeth whitening, or an oral cavity spray. Method of stabilizing a peroxide compound with respect to decomposition involves contacting hydrogen peroxide with said copolymer.EFFECT: invention enables to stabilize a peroxide compound with respect to destruction by polymers having high affinity to the dental surface.12 cl, 1 tbl, 8 ex
This invention relates to the use of a composition for local percutaneous delivery of a drug such as a muscle relaxant, more particularly cyclobenzaprine in an organogel cream. The composition is applied by the patient directly to the skin over accessible muscles of mastication i.e., masseter and temporalis. The composition is rapidly absorbed through the skin to provide control of harmful habits such as bruxism and tooth clenching. The composition can also be applied to the skin overlying these muscles to control muscle hyperactivity (spasm) and/or trigger points, from other causes. The composition can be formulated to include another active agent such as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, for example ketoprofen. The advantage of topical administration versus systemic include use of lower doses of drug, delivery of the drug to the desired site, avoidance of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic first-pass biotransformation and metabolism, and elimination of many of the side effects of the drug normally associated with systemic administration.
Thalassemias are a heterogeneous grouping of genetic disorders that result from a decreased synthesis of alpha or beta chains of hemoglobin resulting in dysfunctional Hb, reduced RBC life span and hemolytic anemia as well as ineffective erythropoiesis leading to chronic anemia. Thalassemia is endemic in the Middle East, the Mediterranean region, and Southeast Asia, its prevalence in these region range from 7%-10%. There are 3 iron chelators licensed for clinical use, namely, deferoxamine (DFO), deferiprone (DFP), and deferasirox (DFX). Advancement in blood transfusions and ICT transforms this disease from fatal childhood disease to adult chronic disease . From other side, thalassemic patients on ICT suffering from therapy related challenge such as nonadherence, Nonadherence to ICT remains a long-standing and serious issue in thalassemia with ranges from 30% to 80% World widely. Issue of nonadherence and suboptimal responsiveness to ICT is complex and multifactorial such as side effects and administrations on top of inadequate knowledge and practice lead to reduced adherence to ICT thus increasing morbidity and mortality
PD-1 (programmed Death-1) immune checkpoint inhibitors have provided significant benefits to tumor patients. However, a considerable proportion of the patients develop immune-related adverse events (irAEs), of which cutaneous irAEs (cirAEs, e.g., psoriasis) occur relatively early. This review provides an overview of the current progress in psoriasis de novo or exacerbation by PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors. It not only describes the relevant influencing factors but also theoretically analyzes the immunological mechanisms that lead to the onset or exacerbation of psoriasis. Finally, the authors present guidelines for the treatment of psoriasis de novo or exacerbation by PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors. The review is intended to assist dermatologists in the early recognition and effective individualized management of such cirAE, which is helpful to continue or adjust the tumor-targeted immunotherapy on the basis of ensuring the quality of life of tumor patients.
BACKGROUND: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormalities in the 15q11-q13 region. Understanding the correlation between genotype and phenotype in PWS is crucial for improved genetic counseling and prognosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between genotype and phenotype in 45 PWS patients who previously underwent methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting (MS-HRM) for diagnosis.
RESULTS: We employed methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) and Sanger sequencing, along with collecting phenotypic data from the patients for comparison. Among the 45 patients, 29 (64%) exhibited a deletion of 15q11-q13, while the remaining 16 (36%) had uniparental disomy. No statistically significant differences were found in the main signs and symptoms of PWS. However, three clinical features showed significant differences between the groups. Deletion patients had a higher prevalence of myopia than those with uniparental disomy, as well as obstructive sleep apnea and an unusual skill with puzzles.
CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic tests (MS-HRM, MS-MLPA, and Sanger sequencing) yielded positive results, supporting their applicability in PWS diagnosis. The study's findings indicate a general similarity in the genotype-phenotype correlation across genetic subtypes of PWS.
A baseline sleep study is obtained from the subject, without wearing the device. The individual wears the device at home for at least 7 nights, and then returns to the sleep lab for an in-laboratory sleep study while wearing the device.
Large amounts of studies have proved that the development of tumor vessels mainly depend on the activation, proliferation, adhesion and maturity of vascular endothelial cells, which may also become the targets of vascular inhibitors. At present, Avastin, an anti-angiogenesis drug, has been marketed in Euopean and American countries, and another 30 kinds of vascular inhibitors are still in trails. Endostatin has been widely applied for the clinical treatment of partial primary and metastatic solid tumors. Endostatin combined with chemotherapy has achieved favorable progression in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the research about the efficacy of Endostatin on breast cancer has just started. Breast cancer is a highly-differentiated solid tumor, indicating that it is also an indicator for Endostatin therapy. Additionally, after chemo- and radiotherapy, the primary nidi of patients with advanced breast cancer may also lead to rapid development of tumors in other locations. So Endostatin combined with chemotherapy can also improve the prognosis of patients with recurrent metastatic breast cancer, but there is rare any report at home and abroad. To further explore the above research, this study designed a randomized, opened and controlled clinical study to observe the clinical efficacy of EndostarTM Injection combined with GP/NP/GX/NX in the treatment of recurrent metastatic breast cancer.
Systems and methods for awareness machines and artificial intelligence (AI) based communitywide care that may monitor one or more event in one or more domain are described. In an embodiment, a communitywide care may monitor one or more event in real-time. In another embodiment, a multifaceted communitywide care may enhance intelligence and awareness regarding one or more event. A functional performance measure (FPM) is described for the communitywide care and the multifaceted communitywide care. In an embodiment, one or more FPM for a communitywide care may be evaluated to analyze performance and viability of the communitywide care. The one or more FPM may be formulated with one or more metric, which may be computed to derive one or more performance indicator for the communitywide care.
Heart failure develops when cardiac muscle becomes weakened and consequently is compromised in its ability to contract, relax, or both. Impaired heart function leads to reduced exercise capacity, which in turn leads to progressive muscle weakness and a vicious cycle of sedentary behavior, weight gain, and subsequent development of metabolic abnormalities and sarcopenia. Approximately 6-10% of individuals over the age of 65 suffer from heart failure, and the risk of death is 35% in the first year after diagnosis. In addition, there is a wide range of potential causes of heart failure, including the natural process of aging. Regardless of the specific underlying cause, there are common pathophysiological responses such as impaired exercise capacity, shortness of breath, fatigue and muscle strength, leading to decreased physical function. Moreover, some long-term consequences of reduced exercise tolerance and malabsorption in long-standing heart failure are loss of muscle mass and the development of cardiac cachexia, resulted in progression of sarcopenia. As protein and amino acid supplements are known to prevent loss of muscle mass or maintain muscle mass in alder individuals, in a pilot study 18 overweight/obese subjects with heart failure (all exceeded 40% body fat) were studied. Nine subjects received 12 weeks of dietary supplementation with 20 g of whey protein consumed daily, while the other nine were controls. The findings showed that supplementation with whey protein failed to improve functional performance as well as a limited stimulation of muscle protein synthesis. The lack of a demonstrable effect of whey protein is consistent with the diminished responsiveness to the stimulation of muscle protein synthesis. In contrast, a 2016 University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) pilot study found that the essential amino acid (EAA) mixture is better at overcoming anabolic resistance than Ensure Heart Health. In this study we will perform a randomized clinical trial of a commercially produced nutritional supplement as compared to a placebo in order to determine effects on physical function and health-related quality of life. Subjects will ingest either the EAA mixture product or placebo every day for 12 consecutive weeks. Outcomes will be determined by comparing the results of physical and functional tests from weeks -1 to 6 and 12.
Participants will undergo intra-arterial catheterization of the ophthalmic artery, with administration of 7.5mg of melphalan. After 4±1 weeks, they will receive Ru-106 plaque brachytherapy, which will be performed using a 24-mm notched plaque. Due to tumor thickness and the previous IAC, the target dose to the tumor apex shall be as close as possible to 80 Gy, respecting the safety limits regarding the risk of excessive dosage to the tumor base and scleral melting.
Since its innovation in 1908 by Dr August Bier of Germany, Intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) has stood the test of time as simple, safe and effective technique of regional anesthesia. 1 The technique entails insertion of intravenous catheter into a surgical limb before isolating it from the general circulation by tourniquet then inject local anesthetic (LA) into this isolated limb. 2 IVRA block is preferably used with short surgical procedures or maneuvers of the upper or lower extremity. Nevertheless, the technique has gained popularity for procedures of the upper extremity because of tourniquet issues like tourniquet pain, and other safety concerns that arise more often with lower extremity IVRA, essentially leakage of the of LA.3 Unfortunately, using LA solely for IVRA has not achieved optimum intraoperative analgesia or overcome the frequently reported tourniquet pain.4 A long list of adjuvants, to mention few: morphine, muscle relaxant and clonidine, have been used to augment LA action and ameliorate tourniquet pain. 5 Dexmedetomidine (DEX) a potent α 2 agonist that have unique analgesic, anxiolytic and sedative profile has been called upon as attractive adjunct in general as well as regional anesthesia with enticing results. Several studies have pursued DEX median effective dose (ED50) in different settings e.g., co induction agent with Propofol, in laryngeal muscle insertion and with local anesthetic to enhance the quality of spinal anesthesia. 6 However, DEX effective median dose ED50 with IVRA for upper limb has not been investigated elsewhere, so far. The up and down sequential method of Dixon and Mood is a common sequential design method used in anesthesia research to detect the ED50. It is a sequence of experiments performed under the assumption that "satisfactory response" is followed by decrease in test dose for the next patient in the series, and "non- satisfactory response" is followed by increase in test dose for the next patient in the series. 7 The purpose of this study is to estimate the median effective dose of Dexmedetomidine (DEX) with Lidocaine 0.5% IVRA in upper limb elective surgeries, using modified Dixon's up and down method.
The present invention provides a system and method for generating a model and simulating the effects on a surgical repair site. A method of generating a computer-based observable model of an implantable repair material secured to a patient is provided. The method includes processing data corresponding to a patient using a computing device including a processor and a memory storing a software application executable by the processor. The method also includes indicating the implantable repair material and a fixture for securing the implantable repair material to the patient and indicating a distribution of the fixture around the implantable repair material. The method also includes generating, on a display operably associated with the computing device, an observable model of the implantable repair material secured to the patient. The observable model depicts the indicated distribution of the fixture around the implantable repair material.