anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The clinical trial database for Axumin includes data from 877 subjects including 797 males diagnosed with prostate cancer. Most patients received a single administration of Axumin, a small number of subjects (n = 50) received up to five administrations of the drug. The mean administered activity was 370 MBq (range, 163 MBq to 485 MBq).

Adverse reactions were reported in ≤1% of subjects during clinical studies with Axumin. The most common adverse reactions were injection site pain, injection site erythema and dysgeusia.
The tooth cleaner and applicator packaging comprises of a case (10) enclosing the tooth cleaner and applicator (11) and an acid neutralizer (12) along with a small mirror (13). The tooth cleaner and applicator (11) comprises of a tooth cleaning formula (4) enclosed within a small elongated tubular container (1). An applicator tip (6) may optionally be affixed to the end of the small elongated tubular container (1). The cleaning formula (4) comprises of an acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and citric acid. The small elongated tubular container (1) is a single-dose disposable plastic container with a sealed end (2). The acid neutralizer (12) may be a base formula such as soda water or simply water to neutralize or dilute the acid.
PURPOSE:To produce the above coated microcapsule having high organism compatibility and having stabilized structure by adding the soln. of a polymeric compd. having organism adsorptivity to the suspension of a microcapsule. CONSTITUTION:A mucopolysaccharide is added to thermally modified collagen to form a coacervate, and a microcapsule is formed. The microcapsule is suspended in an appropriate solvent such as water, a polymeric compd. having organism absorptivity is added to the suspension, and the suspension is agitated. The microcapsule is then collected by the conventional method, and a coated microcapsule is obtained. Atherocollagen, reconstituted collagen, etc., can be exemplified as the polymeric compd. having organism absorptivity. In addition, the concn. of the polymeric compd. having organism absorptivity is appropriately controlled to 0.1-0.5% (W/W).
Parents to the included participants are offered to administer the protocolized low-dose bolus (injection) Cytarabine in their children's CVCs at home. The administration procedure is developed as a simple and safe non-touch technique. The parents receive a video and paper-based guideline and information material followed by a 3-step nurse-led education program. The parents can administer the Cytarabine at home when they (and the child/adolescent) feel safe and comfortable managing the procedure and when the nurses are sure that the parents can manage the procedure at home. The first dose of Cytarabine is always administered at the hospital.
The invention provides an application of a CPT1A detection reagent in a kit before the PD-L1/PD-1 and CTLA-4 immune checkpoint monoclonal antibody tumor immunotherapy. Also provided is the use of an agonist of CPT1A in the manufacture of a medicament for the combined treatment of PD-L1/PD-1, CTLA-4 immune checkpoints. Further provided is the application of the combination of the agonist of CPT1A and PD-L1/PD-1 and CTLA-4 immune checkpoint monoclonal antibody in preparing tumor immune adjuvant therapy drugs. The tumor is melanoma or solid tumor. The agonist of CPT1A is shRNA or bezafibrate. Aiming at the novel CPT1A target, the invention provides a novel immunodetection target for the immune checkpoint monoclonal antibody tumor immunotherapy such as PD-L1/PD-1, CTLA-4 and the like, and is convenient for developing detection reagents or providing immunotherapy auxiliary medicines or combined medicines.
BACKGROUND: Heparin-binding protein (HBP) levels have been linked to organ failure and may represent an inflammatory biomarker of sepsis. We found disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is associated with higher HBP levels in patients and in in vivo and in vitro models. This prospective, single-center observational study investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of HBP on the coagulation cascade in sepsis.
METHODS: 538 patients with sepsis from June 2016 to December 2019 were enrolled. Mechanisms underlying HBP and the coagulation system were investigated in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and C57 mice.
RESULTS: Increased HBP was associated with sepsis-induced DIC. The optimal cutoff value was 37.5 ng/mL (sensitivity: 56 %, specificity: 65 %). Antithrombin-III (AT-III) activity, plasmin-a2 plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC), procalcitonin (PCT), hemoglobin, and HBP ≥37.5 ng/mL were associated with of DIC occurrence. In HUVECs &C57 mice models, Western blotting, qPCR, and immunohistochemistry analysis showed that the binding between HBP and TGF-β receptor 2 (TGFBR2) caused elevation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels. Furthermore, we found that mice stimulated with HBP had higher levels of fibrinogen and D-dimer in the blood. HBP treatment caused the accumulation of fibrinogen in mice lung tissue. Treatment with TGFBR2-small interfering RNAs inhibited the effects.
CONCLUSION: Patients with sepsis having HBP ≥37.5 ng/mL at admission were more likely to develop DIC. HBP upregulates the expression of fibrinogen and PAI-1 via TGFBR2 and the TGF-β signalling pathway.
AKOVAZ (ephedrine sulfate injection), 50 mg/mL must be diluted before administration as an intravenous bolus to achieve the desired concentration. Dilute with normal saline or 5% dextrose in water.

AKOVAZ (ephedrine sulfate injection), 25 mg/5 mL (5 mg/mL) in a prefilled syringe, is a premixed formulation. Do not dilute prior to use. The single-dose prefilled syringe is intended for use in one patient during one surgical procedure. Discard any unused portion.

Inspect parenteral drug products visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.
Recent studies have suggested the superior effectiveness of second generation (atypical) antipsychotic medications over first generation (conventional) antipsychotics in preventing relapse during the treatment of schizophrenia. It is estimated that a majority of patients with schizophrenia have difficulty adhering to the daily regimen of oral medications, and the use of long-acting injectable antipsychotics has been shown to increase compliance. This study includes both retrospective and prospective observations of the treatments and outcomes associated with antipsychotic drug therapy as well as characteristics of the patient population. The study is not product specific and includes patients using therapy with long-acting injectable, tablet, or liquid formulations of conventional or atypical antipsychotic medications. All patients who enroll in the study start treatment with a new antipsychotic medication, which is to be used according to the product labeling in the local country. Retrospective data, collected over a minimum of 12 months, include patient diagnosis, age, sex, history of treatment with antipsychotic medications, hospitalization, Clinical Global Impression of severity of disease (CGI-severity), Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), and the reason for starting a new antipsychotic treatment. Prospective data, collected every 3 months over 2 years, are evaluated to assess the effectiveness of treatment and include the patient's adherence to antipsychotic medication, CGI-severity, GAF, and clinical deterioration of the patient's condition. The study investigator enters the data into a registry either electronically or on paper record forms. Safety assessments include the incidence, type and severity of adverse events throughout the prospective phase of the study. Atypical or conventional antipsychotics, as tablet, liquid or injectable formulations as prescribed
Anodic transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over right primary motor cortex (M1). Duration: 20 minutes; Intensity: 2mA.
Polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) is a known immune-modulation drug for complement inhibition. Our due diligent review of this drug identifies it as a broad-spectrum immune modulation drug that therapeutically impacts innate and adaptive immune functions. The drug is first of a class of drug that modulates immune responses in accordance to recent advances of immunology. The therapeutic applications with relation to HIV are detailed.  
     A compound for modulating an immune response in medical application in the form of a hydrogel including an ultrapurified polymer, a complement modulator and a gelling agent is also detailed. In a first embodiment the hydrogel has a pore size between 50 kDa and 100 kDa which generally functions as an immune response inhibitor. In a second embodiment, the hydrogel has a pore size greater than 200 kDa which generally functions as an immune response activator. The hydrogel may be applied directly, used to coat foreign materials, or used to encapsulate cellular or non-cellular material.
The intervention was conducted in two groups with 25 participants/12-13 for each groups and two researchers per group. The program which consisted of eight sessions in total, was held once a week and each session lasted approximately 90-120 minutes.
Pathogens often occur at different prevalence along environmental gradients. This is of particular importance for gradients of anthropogenic impact such as rural-urban transitions presenting a changing interface between humans and wildlife. The assembly of parasite communities is affected by both the external environmental conditions and individual host characteristics. Hosts with low body weight (smaller individuals or animals with poor body condition) might be more susceptible to infection. Furthermore, parasites' mode of transmission might affect their occurrence: rural environments with better availability of intermediate hosts might favour trophic transmission, while urban environments, typically with dense definitive host populations, might favour direct transmission. We here study helminth communities (141 intestinal samples) within the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), a synanthropic host, using DNA metabarcoding of multiple marker genes. We analysed the effect of urbanisation, seasonality and host-intrinsic (weight, sex) variables on helminth communities. Helminth species richness increased in foxes with lower body weight and in winter and spring. Season and urbanisation, however, had strong effects on the community composition, i.e., on the identity of the detected species. Surprisingly, transmission in two-host life cycles (trophic transmission) was more pronounced in urban Berlin than in rural Brandenburg. This disagrees with the prevailing hypothesis that trophically transmitted helminths are less prevalent in urban areas than in rural areas. Generally, co-infestations with multiple helminths and high infection intensity are associated with lighter (younger, smaller or low body condition) animals. Both host-intrinsic traits and environmental drivers together shape parasite community composition and turnover along urban-rural gradients.
INTRODUCTION: Megaendoprosthetic reconstruction of bone defects in skeletally immature patients has led to the development of unique complications and secondary deformities not observed in adult patient cohorts. With an increasing number of megaendoprosthetic replacements performed, orthopedic oncologists still gain experience in the incidence and type of secondary deformities caused. In this study, we report the incidence, probable cause and management outcome of two secondary deformities after megaendoprosthetic reconstruction of the proximal femur: hip dysplasia and genu valgum.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 14 patients who underwent primary and/or repeat reconstruction/surgery with a megaendoprosthetic proximal femur replacement between 2018 and 2022.
RESULTS: Mean patient age was 9.1 years (range 4-17 years). Stress shielding was observed in 71.4%. Hip dislocation was the most frequent complication (50%). While four dislocations occurred without an underlying deformity, secondary hip dysplasia was identified in 58.3% (n = 7/12) of intraarticular resections and reconstructions, leading to dislocation in 71.4% (n = 5/7). A genu valgum deformity was observed in 41.6% (n = 5/12). The incidence of secondary hip dysplasia and concomitant genu valgum was 42.9% (n = 3/7). Triple pelvic osteotomy led to rebound hip dysplasia in two cases (patients aged < 10 years), whereas acetabular socket replacement led to stable hip joints over the course of follow-up. Temporary hemiepiphyseodesis was applied to address secondary genu valgum.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients aged < 10 years were prone to develop secondary hip dysplasia and genu valgum following proximal femur replacement in this study. Management of secondary deformities should depend on remaining skeletal growth. Stress shielding was observed in almost all skeletally immature patients.
Coronary artery disease (CAD), the most common form of cardiovascular disease, affects approximately 1 in 12 adults in Canada. CAD is a major public health concern and is one of the costliest chronic diseases in North America. Up to 90% of the CAD risk is attributable to nine modifiable risk factors, including psychosocial factors. Decades of research confirmed the importance of psychosocial factors in the development, prognosis and clinical presentation of CAD. One understudied but highly significant psychosocial risk factor is anxiety. Prevalence estimates of anxiety disorders in patients with CAD range from 10% to 65%, with panic disorder (PD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) being the most prevalent. Both PD and GAD have been independently associated with a 36% to 94% increase in the risk of adverse cardiac events in patients with CAD. However, these findings remain controversial as some studies reported either an inverse or no association between PD and adverse events. Still, both PD and GAD are associated with the presence of multiple risk factors for CAD (e.g. smoking, high alcohol consumption and a sedentary lifestyle). These anxiety disorders are also likely to influence medication taking behaviors as well as adherence to cardiac rehabilitation programs. These data highlight the importance and prognostic significance of PD/GAD in patients with CAD. However, considering the contradictory data and significant methodological issues in the available studies, notably in terms of the validity of PD and GAD diagnoses, new, methodologically sound studies are needed to improve our understanding of this clinical problem and improve patient care.

The primary aim of this study is to establish the prevalence and incidence of PD and GAD in the two years following a revascularization procedure for CAD. The secondary aim is to prospectively assess the association between these disorders and cardiac mortality, adverse cardiac events, adherence to recommended treatments (exercise, cardiac rehabilitation, pharmacotherapy),quality of life and psychological distress.

This prospective cohort study will include 3610 patients who will be consecutively recruited following a revascularisation procedure for CAD at the cardiology department of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute. Patients will be assessed at baseline (within a week of admission) as well as 3, 6, 12 and 24 months later. PD and GAD will be assessed with a standardized and validated semi-structured interview. The presence of adverse events, adherence to treatments, psychological distress and quality of life will be assessed through a review of medical records, questionnaires and interviews.
Hepatic failure and hepatorenal syndrome, including fatal cases, can occur with erlotinib treatment in patients with normal hepatic function; the risk of hepatic toxicity is increased in patients with baseline hepatic impairment. In clinical studies where patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment were excluded, the pooled incidence of hepatic failure in the 3 monotherapy lung cancer studies was 0.4% in the erlotinib arms and 0% in the control arms. The incidence of hepatic failure in the pancreatic cancer study was 0.4% in the erlotinib plus gemcitabine arm and 0.4% in the control arm. In a pharmacokinetic study in 15 patients with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B) associated with significant liver tumor burden, 10 of these 15 patients died within 30 days of the last erlotinib dose. One patient died from hepatorenal syndrome, 1 patient died from rapidly progressing liver failure and the remaining 8 patients died from progressive disease. Six out of the 10 patients who died had baseline total bilirubin > 3 x ULN. 

  


Perform periodic liver testing (transaminases, bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase) during treatment with erlotinib. Increased frequency of monitoring of liver function is required for patients with pre-existing hepatic impairment or biliary obstruction. Withhold erlotinib in patients without pre-existing hepatic impairment for total bilirubin levels greater than 3 times the upper limit of normal or transaminases greater than 5 times the upper limit of normal. Withhold erlotinib in patients with pre-existing hepatic impairment or biliary obstruction for doubling of bilirubin or tripling of transaminases values over baseline. Discontinue erlotinib in patients whose abnormal liver tests meeting the above criteria do not improve significantly or resolve within three weeks [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
PURPOSE:An antitumor agent, containing a bis-(beta-haloethylsulfonyl)alkane-mono-, di-or triol as an active constituent, and useful for treating leukemia. CONSTITUTION:An antitumor agent containing a compound expressed by the formula (n is 1 or 2;l, m and n are integers 0, 1, or 2; l and m are not 0 at the same time; R is single bond or 1-4C alkylene; X is halogen) as an active constituent. The above-mentioned compound has improved inhibitory effect on tumors in warm-blooded animals, e.g. humans, horses or rats, used for treating various chronic tumors, e.g. leukemia, and produces remarkable effect on prolongation of life. The above-mentioned compound is easily obtained by halogenating the corresponding beta-hydroxyethylsulfonyl compound by the well-known method. The daily dose thereof as the antitumor agent is about 0.002-5mg/kg for parenteral administration and about 0.01-10mg/kg for oral administration.
Adults

The efficacy of risperidone in the treatment of acute manic or mixed episodes was established in two short-term (3-week) placebo-controlled trials in patients who met the DSM-IV criteria for Bipolar I Disorder with manic or mixed episodes. These trials included patients with or without psychotic features.

The primary rating instrument used for assessing manic symptoms in these trials was the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), an 11-item clinician-rated scale traditionally used to assess the degree of manic symptomatology (irritability, disruptive/aggressive behavior, sleep, elevated mood, speech, increased activity, sexual interest, language/thought disorder, thought content, appearance, and insight) in a range from 0 (no manic features) to 60 (maximum score). The primary outcome in these trials was change from baseline in the YMRS total score. The results of the trials follow:

  1. In one 3-week placebo-controlled trial (n=246), limited to patients with manic episodes, which involved a dose range of risperidone 1 to 6 mg/day, once daily, starting at 3 mg/day (mean modal dose was 4.1 mg/day), risperidone was superior to placebo in the reduction of YMRS total score.
  2. In another 3-week placebo-controlled trial (n=286), which involved a dose range of 1 to 6 mg/day, once daily, starting at 3 mg/day (mean modal dose was 5.6 mg/day), risperidone was superior to placebo in the reduction of YMRS total score.



Pediatrics

The efficacy of risperidone in the treatment of mania in children or adolescents with Bipolar I disorder was demonstrated in a 3-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial including patients ranging in ages from 10 to 17 years who were experiencing a manic or mixed episode of bipolar I disorder. Patients were randomized into one of three treatment groups: risperidone 0.5 to 2.5 mg/day (n = 50, mean modal dose = 1.9 mg), risperidone 3 to 6 mg/day (n = 61, mean modal dose = 4.7 mg), or placebo (n = 58). In all cases, study medication was initiated at 0.5 mg/day and titrated to the target dosage range by Day 7, with further increases in dosage to the maximum tolerated dose within the targeted dose range by Day 10. The primary rating instrument used for assessing efficacy in this study was the mean change from baseline in the total YMRS score.

Results of this study demonstrated efficacy of risperidone in both dose groups compared with placebo, as measured by significant reduction of total YMRS score. The efficacy on the primary parameter in the 3 to 6 mg/day dose group was comparable to the 0.5 to 2.5 mg/day dose group. Doses higher than 2.5 mg/day did not reveal any trend towards greater efficacy.
The initial prescription and renewal of the medication order beyond 20 milliliters of FML-S® ophthalmic suspension should be made by a physician only after examination of the patient with the aid of magnification, such as slit lamp biomicroscopy and, where appropriate, fluorescein staining. If signs and symptoms fail to improve after two days, the patient should be re-evaluated.

As fungal infections of the cornea are particularly prone to develop coincidentally with long-term local corticosteroid applications, fungal invasion should be suspected in any persistent corneal ulceration where a corticosteroid has been used or is in use. Fungal cultures should be taken when appropriate.

If this product is used for 10 days or longer, intraocular pressure should be monitored (see WARNINGS).

Prolonged use of topical anti-bacterial agents may give rise to overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms including fungi. Bacterial resistance to sulfonamides may also develop.

The effectiveness of sulfonamides may be reduced by the para-aminobenzoic acid present in purulent exudates.