anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
18F-GP1 is a novel highly specific radiotracer that binds to activated platelets and thrombus. We aimed to establish the observer repeatability of coronary, carotid and cerebral 18F-GP1 uptake in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction or ischaemic stroke. Forty-three patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction or ischaemic stroke underwent hybrid positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) angiography. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of 18F-GP1 uptake was performed on coronary arteries, carotid arteries and brain parenchyma. Qualitative uptake of 18F-GP1 had excellent intraobserver and interobserver agreement, with complete agreement for the presence or absence of visual 18F-GP1 uptake. For quantitative analysis, there were excellent intraclass correlation coefficients for intraobserver repeatability for coronary artery, carotid artery and brain parenchymal SUVmax and TBRmax measurements (all ≥ 0.92). Coronary artery and brain parenchymal analyses showed the strongest agreement in SUVmax values with mean biases of - 0.04 (limits of agreement - 0.21 to 0.20) and 0.02 (limits of agreement - 0.29 to 0.32) respectively. There was good interclass correlation coefficients for interobserver repeatability for coronary artery, carotid artery and brain parenchymal SUVmax and TBRmax measurements (all ≥ 0.89). The strongest interobserver agreement was seen with brain parenchymal SUVmax (mean SUVmax 1.95 ± 0.94) and TBRmax (mean TBRmax 9.55 ± 6.56) with mean biases of - 0.05 (limits of agreement - 0.37 to 0.27) and 0.04 (limits of agreement - 0.59 to 0.52) respectively. Visual qualitative and quantitative 18F-GP1 PET-CT image analyses provide robust and repeatable measurements of activated platelets and thrombi within the coronary arteries, carotid arteries and brain parenchyma.
This invention is to provide dissolved electrolytic hydrogen containing water, which prevents or inhibiting DNA damage. Purified water is obtained from tap water and NaCl is added to justify the conductivity bigger than 100 mu S/cm. Then, electrolysis is applied. The obtained cathode water is output and neutralized. The obtained cathode water includes dissolved hydrogen (H<SP>+</SP>, H., H2) of at least 0.1 ppm. This dissolved hydrogen prevents or inhibits DNA damage.
Study subjects will be randomized to receive a fixed dose of 5000 units of heparin administered intravenously 2 minutes prior to vascular clamping and blood flow interruption. A subsequent dose of heparin will be administered if requested by the surgeon following a visual assessment of the anticoagulation in the surgical field. Anticoagulation will be monitored at different time points during surgery using ACT and TEG. Peripheral blood flow will be assessed prior and after surgery using the ankle-brachial index and toe-brachial index.
BACKGROUND: Previous randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses evaluating parastomal hernia prevention with mesh placement during end colostomy formation have reported contradictory results. This review aimed to assess the efficacy of this strategy in long-term follow-up according to the latest available data.
METHODS: Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched. Randomized clinical trials were included if they compared mesh with no mesh during initial end colostomy creation in adult patients to prevent parastomal hernia with a follow-up longer than 2 years. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate parastomal hernia incidence (primary outcome), parastomal hernia repair rate, and mortality. Subgroup analysis included surgical approach and mesh position, and trial sequential analysis was performed.
RESULTS: Eight randomized clinical trials involving 537 patients met the inclusion criteria. Based on long-term follow-up, the incidence of parastomal hernia was not reduced when a prophylactic mesh was placed (relative risk = 0.68 [95% confidence interval:0.46-1.02]; I2 = 81%, P =.06). The parastomal hernia repair rate was low; however, no difference was found between the groups (relative risk = 0.90 [95% confidence interval:0.51-1.56]; I2 = 0%; P = .70), and no difference was detected between the groups when mortality was assessed (relative risk = 1.03 [95% confidence interval: 0.77-1.39]; I2 = 21%; P = .83). Subgroup analyses did not show differences according to the surgical approach or mesh position used. Regarding trial sequential analysis, an optimal information size was not achieved.
CONCLUSION: Prophylactic mesh placement during end colostomy formation does not prevent parastomal hernia in the long term. The parastomal hernia repair rate and mortality rate did not vary between the included groups. Heterogeneity among the included randomized clinical trials might restrict the reliability of the results.
Previous studies have demonstrated that genetic alterations governing epigenetic processes frequently drive tumor development and that modifications in RNA may contribute to these alterations. In the 1970s, researchers discovered that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent form of RNA modification in advanced eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA) and noncoding RNA (ncRNA). This modification is involved in nearly all stages of the RNA life cycle. M6A modification is regulated by enzymes known as m6A methyltransferases (writers) and demethylases (erasers). Numerous studies have indicated that m6A modification can impact cancer progression by regulating cancer-related biological functions. Tumor angiogenesis, an important and unregulated process, plays a pivotal role in tumor initiation, growth, and metastasis. The interaction between m6A and ncRNAs is widely recognized as a significant factor in proliferation and angiogenesis. Therefore, this article provides a comprehensive review of the regulatory mechanisms underlying m6A RNA modifications and ncRNAs in tumor angiogenesis, as well as the latest advancements in molecular targeted therapy. The aim of this study is to offer novel insights for clinical tumor therapy.
OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the effect of weekly paclitaxel plus estramustine on PSA response in patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer. II. Describe the toxic effects of this treatment in this patient population. III. Determine the effect of treatment on pain, asthenia, and quality of life. IV. Determine the objective response rate after treatment among the patients with bidimensionally measurable disease.

OUTLINE: Patients receive estramustine orally twice a day on days 1-3 of each week for 6 weeks. Patients also receive paclitaxel IV over 1 hour on day 2 of each week for 6 weeks. Courses repeat every 8 weeks in the absence of unacceptable toxicity and disease progression. Quality of life is assessed prior to treatment and at weeks 4, 8, 20, and 24. Patients are followed every 3 months for 2 years, every 6 months for years 2-5, and then annually thereafter.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: There will be 17-52 patients accrued into this study over 14 months.
Patients receive bosutinib PO QD on days 1-28. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also receive inotuzumab ozogamicin IV over 1 hour on days 1, 8, and 15. Patients with confirmed CR, CRi, CCyR and/or absence of MRD may receive inotuzumab ozogamicin IV on day 1 of subsequent cycles. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 6 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
INTRODUCTION: Bariatric surgery is the only treatment for severe obesity (BMI>35kg/m2) currently recognized as effective both in achieving tangible and lasting weight loss, and in improving obesity-related comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular complications. Bariatric surgery, like any other surgery of the digestive tract, can have an impact on nutrient absorption, as well as on drug absorption. The literature on drug management in bariatric surgery patients concerned mainly of case reports and retrospective studies involving a small number of patients. No official guidelines are available.
METHODS: We conducted a literature search on the consequences of bariatric surgery in terms of drug bioavailability and/or effect. The Medline® (PubMed) database was searched using the following keywords: "bariatric surgery", "bioavailability", "gastric bypass", and "obesity". We completed this review with an analysis of reports of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in post-bariatric surgery patients for obesity registered in the National pharmacovigilance database (PVDB). We selected all cases with the mention of "bariatric surgery and/or gastrectomy" as "medical history". After reading the cases, we excluded those in which the patient had undergone surgery for an indication other than obesity, where the route of administration was other than oral, and cases in which ADRs resulted from voluntary overdose, attempted suicide, allergy, switch to Levothyrox® new formulation, meningioma under progestative drugs, inefficacy related to generic substitution and medication error.
RESULTS: The literature search identified mainly "case report" about the impact of bariatric surgery on so-called "narrow therapeutic window" drugs. We identified 66 informative cases out of a total of 565 cases selected (11%) in the PVDB. Nevertheless, the information does not allow a clear relationship between the occurrence of the ADR and the influence of bariatric surgery.
CONCLUSION: There is a lack of official information and/or recommendations on medication use in subjects who have undergone bariatric surgery. Apart from under-reporting, ADRs reports remain largely uninformative. Health professional and patients would be awareness for improving, quantitatively and qualitatively the reporting of ADRs in this population.
Novel phenanthrene derivatives of formula <FORM:1069067/C2/1> wherein R1 represents hydrogen, a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1-5 carbon atoms, or an acyl group, and R2 represents an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms, and acid addition salts thereof, are prepared (a) by reducing the carbonyl group of a compound of formula <FORM:1069067/C2/2> wherein R1 has the significance above and R2 is absent, to the methylene group using an alkali-metal aluminium halide; (b) by reacting an amine of formula <FORM:1069067/C2/3> wherein R1 has the above meaning, with a halide of formula <FORM:1069067/C2/4> where R2 is as defined above and Hal is a halogen atom: and (c) by cyclising an isoquinoline compound of formula <FORM:1069067/C2/5> wherein R1 and R2 are as defined above, and one of the symbols R3 represents a hydroxyl group and the other a hydrogen atom, or where the symbols together represent a double bond, by heating in the presence of an acid and, when required, converting the product to an acid addition salt.  Compounds of the second formula above are prepared by reacting a compound of the third formula above wherein R1 is as previously defined with a halide of pivalic acid in a solvent free from hydroxyl groups.  Isoquinoline compounds of the fifth formula above are prepared from the corresponding octahydro-isoquinolines which are unsubstituted at the nitrogen atom either by reaction with the appropriate acid halide and subsequent reduction with lithium aluminium hydride or directly by reaction with the appropriate alkyl halide.  (-) - 3 - Methoxy - N - pivaloyl - morphinan is prepared by reaction of the corresponding 3-hydroxy compound with dimethyl sulphate.  (-) - 3 - Allyloxy - N - pivaloyl - morphinan is prepared by reaction of the corresponding 3-hydroxy compound with allyl bromide.  The d-tartrate thereof is mentioned.  (-) - 3 - Acetoxy - N - pivaloyl - morphinan hydrochloride is prepared by heating the corresponding 3-hydroxy compound with acetic anhydride.ALSO:Pharmaceutical compositions having analgesic and morphine antagonistic activity and which may be administered orally or parenterally in the form of tablets, dragees, suppositories, capsules, solutions, suspensions or emulsions, contain morphinan compounds of the formula <FORM:1069067/A5-A6/1> and/or acid addition salts thereof, wherein R1 represents hydrogen, a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1-5 carbon atoms, or an acyl group derived from a lower alkane carbocylic acid, and R2 represents an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms, as the active ingredient, and may also contain other therapeutically active substances and the usual pharmaceutical carriers.
Treatment of open wounds with Vancogel(R) 1.25-1.50% to eliminate MRSA. End point is: a negative culture report after 1-3 topical applications. The infected wounds with MRSA will be treated with the Vancomycin 1.25 to 1.50% complex gel formulation and will have conventional management in order to heal the wound. Vancogel is anticipated to accelerate wound healing by eliminating MRSA. A randomized, double blind study protocol approved by FDA.
The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of opioids administered during sedation on patients' respiratory activity (ventilation) and comfort of the operator and patient during the endoscopic procedure. A common side effect of sedation is the effect on patients' ventilation, resulting from a combination of attenuation of respiratory centre activity and loss of patent airways. Shallow sedation will reduce these risks, but in addition to patient discomfort, it also increases the difficulty or impossibility of the endoscopist to perform the procedure. Choosing the appropriate method of sedation thus fundamentally affects the course of the procedure from the point of view of both the patient and the endoscopist. The aim is to prove that sedation with propofol alone compared to sedation with propofol and fentanyl premedication leads to the need for higher cumulative doses of administered propofol, higher risk of respiratory depression and lower patient and operator comfort. Standard monitoring during endoscopic procedures using sedation includes continual recording of ECG and respiratory rate (using the same electrodes), measurement of arterial blood oxygen saturation using a pulse oximeter and blood pressure measurement. Extended monitoring of spontaneous ventilation during sedation includes analysis of the concentration of exhaled carbon dioxide or analysis of the arterial blood gases.However, these methods have limitations and often critically reduced respiratory activity is diagnosed too late. Impedance monitoring of ventilation is now being introduced into clinical practice. In addition, the non-invasive respiratory volume monitor (ExSpiron 2Xi) will be used for standard patient monitoring during the procedure, which assesses the lung tidal volume and respiratory rate by measuring the electrical impedance of the chest. This measurement captures inadequate ventilation before saturation drops, allowing even slight differences between selected drugs to be compared.
Current effective lifestyle behavior intervention studies aimed to prevent excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) in overweight or obese pregnant women have limited practicality, scalability, and sustainability because of high participant burden and excessive cost for clinical practice. Also, prior studies paid little or no attention to motivation, emotion and cognition, all of which are critical to motivate and enable individuals to engage in healthy lifestyle behaviors and achieve positive health outcomes. A promising approach to prevent EGWG in overweight or obese pregnant women is through goal-oriented episodic future thinking (GOEFT). This pilot randomized controlled trial, aims to prevent EGWG in overweight or obese pregnant women. The proposed self-directed, web-based GOEFT intervention will focus on increasing motivation (autonomous motivation and self-efficacy) and improving emotion (emotion control and stress) and cognition (executive function, ExF), thus promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors. This will lead to prevention of EGWG and a reduced rate of gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, cesarean delivery and fetal macrosomia. Our intervention will last 20 weeks (starting at 17 week-gestation). Participants (N = 90; 50% White, 50% minority) will be recruited and enrolled from prenatal care clinics at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and be randomly assigned to our GOEFT intervention (n = 45) or usual care (n = 45). All participants will be assessed at baseline (\<17 week-gestation, T1), 24-27 week-gestation (T2) and 35-37 week-gestation (T3). Specific aims are (1) to determine feasibility of the GOEFT intervention: recruitment, randomization, retention and intervention implementation, (2) to investigate the potential efficacy of the intervention on gestational weight gain and maternal and birth outcomes, (3) to investigate the potential impact of the intervention on lifestyle behaviors and (4) to investigate the potential impact of the intervention on motivation, emotion and cognition.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether the combination of ibuprofen and acetaminophen, is more effective than either single agent alone in treating pain from acute musculoskeletal injuries in the emergency department. We hypothesize that the combination will be more effective than either agent alone in patients presenting to the emergency department with acute pain from musculoskeletal injuries such as sprain, and bruises. While each agent alone is effective to some degree, many patients do not find complete relief with them and often narcotic agents (with all of their potential side effects) are added. In this study patients experiencing any pain will be randomly given either ibuprofen OR acetaminophen OR their combination and their degree of pain severity will be measured every 15 minutes up to one hour. At the end of this 1 hour patients still experiencing pain and requiring additional pain relief will receive additional analgesics at the discretion of their treating physician. We will not only measure how much the pain severity was reduced but also the percentage of patients that require some form of additional or "rescue" medication.
The invention relates to a Chinese medicinal formula for treating chronic virus B hepatitis, which is a worldwide disease caused by hepatitis B virus. According to statistics, the number of asymptomatic HBV (hepatitis B virus) carrier exceeds 280 million all over the world, and China accounts for 45%. Most of the patients are asymptomatic, and 1/3 of the patients show liver damage clinically. Currently, the number of hepatitis B patients in China totals 30 million. Hepatitis B is characterized by slow onset, and common subclinical and chronic types. And patients with persistent positive non-icteric HBsAg (hepatitis B surface antigen) are likely to become chronic. The disease of chronic virus B hepatitis is mainly transmitted by means of blood, mother-baby, and sexual contact. Virus B hepatitis vaccines in the traditional sense can prevent and treat a lot of hepatitis viruses effectively, but due to individual differences, many patients still show maladjustment.
Lymphatic metastasis is the dominant route of initial spread for most solid tumors. For many such malignancies, including melanomas, surgical treatment previously included removal of all potentially draining regional lymph nodes (elective node dissection). The advent of lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy allowed accurate pathologic assessment of the metastatic status of regional nodes and spared patients full dissection if their SLN was clear. In melanoma, recent clinical research has demonstrated that complete lymph node dissection is not clinically beneficial, even for patients with sentinel node metastases and that patients with high-risk primary melanomas benefit from adjuvant systemic immunotherapy, even without nodal disease. These two changes in the standard of care have led to some interest in abandoning surgical nodal staging via the sentinel lymph node biopsy procedure. However, this appears to be premature and potentially detrimental to optimal patient management. The ongoing value of sentinel node biopsy stems from its ability to provide critically important prognostic information as well as durable regional nodal disease control for most patients with nodal metastases, even in the absence of complete dissection of the basin. It also provides an opportunity to identify novel prognostic and predictive immunologic and molecular biomarkers. While it is certainly possible that additional changes in melanoma therapy will make sentinel lymph node biopsy obsolete in the future, at present it remains a minimally invasive, low morbidity means of improving both staging and outcomes.
Migalastat, an alpha-galactosidase A (alpha-Gal A) pharmacological chaperone, is a low molecular weight iminosugar and an analogue of the terminal galactose of globotriaosylceramide (GL-3).

Migalastat is present in the form of a hydrochloride salt in GALAFOLD. The chemical name for migalastat hydrochloride is (+)-(2R,3S,4R,5S)-2-(hydroxymethyl) piperidine-3,4,5-triol hydrochloride. Its molecular formula is C6H13NO4•HCl, molecular mass is 199.63 g/mol, and its chemical structure is depicted below.

Migalastat hydrochloride is a white to almost white crystalline solid. It is freely soluble in aqueous media within the pH range of 1.2 to 7.5.

GALAFOLD (migalastat) capsules for oral administration contain 123 mg of migalastat (equivalent to 150 mg migalastat hydrochloride) as a white to pale brown powder and are supplied in a size “2” hard gelatin capsule with an opaque blue cap and an opaque white body imprinted with “A1001” in black ink. The inactive ingredients are magnesium stearate and pregelatinized starch. Capsule shells consist of gelatin, indigotine - FD&C Blue 2, and titanium dioxide. The black ink consists of black iron oxide, potassium hydroxide, and shellac.