anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PHEBURANE treatment should be supervised by a healthcare provider experienced in the treatment of urea cycle disorders.

The recommended dosage of PHEBURANE (measured as sodium phenylbutyrate) for patients with urea cycle disorders is:

  * Patients weighing less than 20kg: 450 – 600 mg/kg/day of sodium phenylbutyrate orally. Divide the calculated total daily dose into three to six doses. Administer as three to six divided doses and take with food.
  * Patients weighing greater than or equal to 20 kg: 9.9 – 13 g/m2/day of sodium phenylbutyrate orally. Divide the calculated total daily dose into three to six doses. Administer as three to six divided doses and take with food.



The maximum dosage is 20 grams per day. Combine PHEBURANE with dietary protein restriction and, in some cases, amino acid supplementation (e.g., essential amino acids, arginine, citrulline, and protein-free calorie supplements).

Measure the dose using only the calibrated spoon provided in the packaging. This calibrated dosing spoon directly measures PHEBURANE oral pellets as sodium phenylbutyrate [see Dosage and Administration (2.4)].

If a dose is missed, take the missed dose as soon as possible. There should be at least 3 hours between two doses and doses should not be doubled to make up for the missed dose.
Group 2: Intubation with rocuronium at 1.0-1.2 mg/kg (vitals maintained within 20% of baseline). Subjects may be re-dosed with rocuronium at 0.1-0.4 mg/kg during the procedure to maintain 1-2 twitches on train of four (TOF) watch monitor reading recorded every 15 minutes. Group 2 (treatment) will receive reversal with Sugammadex (2mg/kg).
An application to which breakup care techniques are applied through the performance of missions using psychological counseling procedures including brokerage of healing services is provided. The application allows individuals struggling emotionally due to a breakup or various other causes to access a mobile application which is a mission application, register as members, and perform missions that are customized to each individual's personality and the causes of the breakup. The provided missions, which are incorporated with step-by-step psychological counseling techniques, include a stage of emotional awareness, a stage of exploring causes and events, a stage of mourning by staying with one's emotions, a stage of finding hope, a stage of planning for hope, and a stage of performing more active empathetic missions. The application allows a user to complete missions and write reviews for each stage, and provides a service to form communication and empathy through general users' empathetic comments on the reviews. The missions are categorized into healing-type empathetic missions, participatory empathetic missions, and 28-day challenge missions. The application also provides other psychological counseling services online or offline, intermediary services with professionals conducting group advocacy counseling, intermediary services with professionals providing healing services, and various information that can facilitate healing between men and women.
OBJECTIVE: Hepatic overexpression of the thrombospondin 2 gene (THBS2) and elevated levels of circulating thrombospondin 2 (TSP2) have been observed in patients with chronic liver disease. This study aimed to identify the specific cells expressing THBS2/TSP2 in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and investigate the underlying mechanism behind THBS2/TSP2 upregulation.
DESIGN: Comprehensive NAFLD liver gene datasets, including single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), in-house NAFLD liver tissue, and LX-2 cells derived from human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), were analysed using a combination of computational biology, genetic, immunological, and pharmacological approaches.
RESULTS: Analysis of the genetic dataset revealed the presence of 1433 variable genes in patients with advanced fibrosis NAFLD, with THBS2 ranked among the top 2 genes. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) examination of NAFLD livers showed a significant correlation between THBS2 expression and fibrosis stage (r = .349, p < .001). In support of this, scRNA-seq data and in situ hybridization demonstrated that the THBS2 gene was highly expressed in HSCs of NAFLD patients with advanced fibrosis. Pathway analysis of the gene dataset revealed THBS2 expression to be associated with the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) pathway and collagen gene activation. Moreover, the activation of LX-2 cells with TGFβ increased THBS2/TSP2 and collagen expression independently of the TGFβ-SMAD2/3 pathway. THBS2 gene knockdown significantly decreased collagen expression in LX-2 cells.
CONCLUSIONS: THBS2/TSP2 is highly expressed in HSCs and plays a role in regulating fibrogenesis in NAFLD patients. THBS2/TSP2 may therefore represent a potential target for anti-fibrotic therapy in NAFLD.
Loperamide 4 mg, T.I.D. (D1-7) →4 mg, B.I.D. (D8-21) + gold bifid2g T.I.D.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a stress alleviating agent capable of alleviating stress, and useful for treating or preventing various psychological diseases attributable to stress by formulating biotin and a specific amino acid. SOLUTION: This stress alleviating agent contains (A) biotin and (B) an amino acid of one or more kinds selected from histidine, arginine, methionine and glutamic acid. The effective dose of the component A for a healthy adult is 10-10,000, preferably 50-1,500 μg/day. The compounding amount of the component B is 1-200 pts.wt. based on 1 pt.wt. of biotin, and for each amino acid, the compounding amount of histidine, arginine, methionine or glutamic acid is preferably 10-80 pts.wt., 5-70 pts.wt., 5-150 pts.wt. or 5-70 pts.wt., respectively, based on 1 pt.wt. of biotin. The agent is preferably formulated into an oral liquid of pH 2-6.
Participants complete 8 sessions of placebo training(PT) during a two-week period. Placebo training is a classic dot probe task, in which a probe appears after either of the locations that the two stimuli (i.e. one is the depressive cue and the other is neutral) were presented, with the same frequencies. In the PT condition, each session also consists of 218 trials, and the time to complete a PT session is approximately 10 minutes as well.
PURPOSE:To obtain porous microparticles of a resin by making it chemically grindable in a temperature range lower than the m.p. of the resin to be ground, by dissolving the resin in a solvent comprising a specified urea derivative and spontaneously cooling the solution. CONSTITUTION:A resin is dissolved in a solvent based on a urea derivative of formula I (wherein R and R' are each H or alkyl) at 70 deg.C or above, and the solution is spontaneously cooled to 60 deg.C or below. If necessary, after this spontaneous cooling, a nonsolvent for this resin which is compatible with the urea derivative is added to the solution to produce porous microparticles of the resin. Examples of the resin which can be applied include polyester resins, polyamide resins, polycarbonate resins, methacrylic resins, polyethylene resins, guanamine resins, novolak resins and maleic resins. As the urea derivatives of formula I, compounds of formulas II, III and IV, for example are desirable.
The fatty acids trans-C16:1 and cis-C16:1 have been associated with healthy plasma glucose levels. Elevated glucose levels have been associated with diabetes. This study is designed to determine whether there is a dose-response relation between how much trans-C16:1 and cis-C16:1 you consume and how much appears in plasma. This information will be used to design a future study to determine whether trans-C16:1 and cis-C16:1 could be used to treat diabetes. Trans-C16:1 occurs naturally in dairy fat such as milk and cheese, while cis-C16:1 occurs naturally in nuts, particularly, macadamia nuts, and a plant called sea buckthorn. The study will consist of two 9-week phases, with a minimum of a 4 week off-study period between the two phases. Fasting blood will be drawn at baseline (first day of week 1), 3 weeks, 6 weeks and 9 weeks (4 total blood draws per phase or 8 total blood draws for 2 phases). During each phase you will be asked to consume increasing numbers of vegetable oil capsules, 2 per day during the first 3 weeks, 4 per day during the second 3 weeks, and 8 per day during the third 3 weeks. During each of these periods you should take half the capsules in the morning and half in the evening, with your meals. You will be randomly assigned to receive the trans-C16:1 or cis-C16:1 during the first phase and the other during the second phase. The total length of the study is about 18 weeks, not including the break between phase 1 and phase 2 (not less than 4 weeks). The trans-C16:1 in the capsules will be in the form of partially-hydrogenated soybean oil. The cis-C16:1 in the other capsules will be in the form of sea buckthorn oil.
Rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA) is a periodic muscle activity that characterises sleep bruxism (SB) events. These can occur as a single event, in pairs, or in clusters. Since RMMA episodes often occur in clusters and the relevance of this occurrence is unknown, we conducted a study to investigate the effect of RMMA clusters on sleep fragmentation and the severity of orofacial muscle pain. This study involved a secondary analysis using data from 184 adult subjects with orofacial muscle pain who underwent definitive polysomnography (PSG) for sleep bruxism diagnosis. Self-reported orofacial muscle pain (OFMP) was assessed using the numeric rating scale, and additional evaluation of side-to-side equivalence (symmetry) was described using a binary system. Among the 184 participants, 60.8% (n = 112) did not exhibit clusters and among the 72 participants with clusters, 36.1% (n = 26) and 63.9% (n = 46) were in the high and low RMMA frequency groups, respectively. The high SB group had significantly three times more phasic RMMA events than the noncluster group. A total of 89.67% (n = 165) of subjects reported orofacial muscle pain. While there was no difference in the severity of OFMP among groups, a significant decrease in symmetry between the severity of temporal muscle pain on the left and right sides was noted in the cluster group compared with the noncluster group. Clustering of RMMA events is associated with sleep fragmentation. The asymmetry of temporal muscle pain is related to the presence of RMMA clusters in sleep bruxism.
Verticillin A is found to be a potent inhibitor of histone methyltransferases, selective for G9a, GLP, SUV39H1, SUV39H2, MLL1, and NSD2. Methods of using Verticillin A are provided. The Verticillin A can be synthetically produced or it can be isolated from natural sources. Methods if inhibiting one or more histone methyltransferases are provided. In addition, methods are provided for treating diseases or disorders related to overexpression of one or more histone methyltransferases. Exemplary diseases and disorders to be treated include cancer, asthma, HIV, and progeria.
Currently, the most widely used drugs to treat pain after surgery are opiates, such as morphine. Morphine works mainly by activating one of several types of opiate receptors that control some of our pain sensation - the so-called mu opiate receptors. These receptors are located in many areas of the brain and also outside of the brain. By activating these receptors, morphine provides significant pain relief, but also causes side effects that limit its use. Some of these side effects include: respiratory depression or arrest (slowed or stopped breathing), sedation (a state of calmness or extreme relaxation), euphoria (an exaggerated feeling of physical and mental well-being), constipation, nausea, vomiting, and drug addiction.

In order to avoid the side effects of morphine and other mu opiates, the present experimental drug CR845 was designed to work at a different type of opiate receptor - called kappa - that can also provide pain relief, by acting on sensory nerves outside the brain. CR845 was designed to penetrate the brain much less than other opiate drugs, which should result in pain relief similar to that of morphine, but with fewer side effects. Because CR845 activates kappa receptors instead of mu receptors, the side effects are different than with a morphine-type drug. In particular, kappa opiates, such as CR845, do not cause respiratory depression or arrest, euphoria, constipation, drug tolerance, physical drug dependence or drug addiction. For these reasons, CR845 may present a distinct advantage over other opiates that are currently used for pain relief and post-operative pain in particular.
Participants randomized to this arm will be participate in weekly dietary and behavioral education session in addition to four 60-min supervised exercise training sessions per week for 8 months. All dietary and- behavioral education and exercise training sessions will be conducted at the worksite.
There is evidence that people with chronic low back pain (LBP) demonstrate muscle overactivity during functional tasks when compared to healthy controls. Interestingly, this increased activity of the low back and trun, muscles has been associated with increased sensitivity to pain. It has also been shown that people with chronic LBP exhibit alterations in functional movement patterns and postures when compared to healthy people. Such alterations may be a direct result of increased stiffness in the spine which results from muscle overactivity. Psychosocial physiotherapy techniques for LBP are gaining widescale acceptance. However, these approaches are often combined with strengthening exercises, and not specifically aimed at reducing muscle overactivity. Therefore, there is a need for research into interventions for chronic LBP which integrate psychologically informed practice with training to reduce muscle overactivity.

The investigators have developed a new treatment for people with knee osteoarthritis, known as Cognitive Muscular Therapy (CMT). CMT is a form of psychologically informed physiotherapy which uses biofeedback training to reduce muscle overactivity and therefore lower the mechanical stress on the knee. CMT is delivered through five sequential intervention components and teaches patients to think and respond differently to pain, to improve postural control and to perform functional movements, such as walking, with less muscle tension. See the dedicated website for further details (https://hub.salford.ac.uk/cognitive-muscular-therapy/). Given the strong focus on postural control, the investigators are confident that CMT can be adapted and used to treat other chronic musculoskeletal conditions, such as LBP. In this project, the investigators will map changes to the five CMT intervention components. The intervention will then be delivered to patients with chronic low back pain, after which the investigators will seek to understand participant perceptions of the new treatment.
Bacteria belonging to the genus Capnocytophaga are thin, capnophilic, Gram-negative bacilli with tapered ends that include nine species that are isolated from the mouth of humans and animals and, from a phylogenetical perspective, they belong to the family Flavobacteriaceae. Two more species, namely C. endodontalis and C. stomatis have been recovered from a periapical abscess and human and animal infections, respectively. Capnocytophaga spp. can cause serious and potentially life-threatening infections in humans, such as bacteremia and meningitis, most commonly in the context of penetrating trauma as a result of contact with animals, especially after animal bites. Other invasive diseases such as osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, and infective endocarditis (IE) may also occur more rarely. The aim of this study was to review all previously described cases of IE by Capnocytophaga spp. and provide information about the epidemiology, microbiology, antimicrobial susceptibility, clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of this infection. A narrative review based on a search in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus was performed. Studies published until 11 September 2023 providing relevant data for IE caused by Capnocytophaga spp. in humans were included. A total of 31 studies containing data from 31 patients were included. A history of dog bites was present in 10 out of 26 patients (38.5%). A prosthetic valve was present in 3 patients (9.7%). The most commonly infected valve was the aortic valve, followed by the tricuspid valve. Fever, embolic phenomena, paravalvular abscess, and sepsis were the most common clinical presentations. Beta-lactams and aminoglycosides were the antimicrobials most commonly used. Surgery was performed in 20 patients (64.5%). Overall mortality reached 16.1%.
PURPOSE: To investigate the prognostic factors for recurrent rhegmatogenous retinal detachment following silicone oil removal.
METHODS: This retrospective review included 147 consecutive patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment treated with silicone oil tamponade at a high-volume referral-based tertiary hospital between January 2012 and May 2022. All patients underwent follow-up for a minimum of 6 months after subsequent silicone oil removal. The primary outcome measure was the rate of recurrent retinal detachment following silicone oil removal, and the secondary outcome was best-corrected visual acuity after silicone oil removal.
RESULTS: The mean silicone oil tamponade duration was 4.7 ± 5.01 months (range, 1-38 months; median, 3 months), and the recurrent retinal detachment rate after silicone oil removal was 15.6%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that argon endolaser photocoagulation during silicone oil removal (odds ratio [OR], 0.309; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.106-0.898; p = 0.031) was associated with a lower rate of anatomical success after silicone oil removal. Demographics, preoperative ocular characteristics, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, previous scleral encircling or buckling, previous retinectomy, concomitant phacoemulsification, duration of silicone oil tamponade, and gas tamponade after silicone oil removal were not significantly associated with recurrent retinal redetachment after silicone oil removal. Duration of silicone oil tamponade (OR, 1.226; 95% CI, 1.073-1.402; p = 0.003) and recurrent retinal detachment after silicone oil removal (OR, 3.400; 95% CI, 1.311-8.817; p = 0.012) were associated with poor visual outcomes after silicone oil removal.
CONCLUSIONS: Among all factors examined in this study, including the duration of silicone oil tamponade, laser retinopexy was the only significant prognostic factor for recurrent retinal detachment after silicone oil removal. A longer duration of silicone oil tamponade was associated with worse visual outcomes and a lower rate of visual improvement after silicone oil removal.
Transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS) will be performed daily without any interruption during each session of 60 min. Each patient will be instructed to self-administer tSMS, two sessions per day (AM and PM, 6-10 hours apart), sequentially for 60 minutes each, for 6 +6 months.
Participants randomized to this arm will receive usual care for smoking cessation via the quitline and a smartphone app that will allow them to track smoking urges and abstinence. After 48 hours of self-reported abstinence, they will be exposed to smoking extinction trials through the study smartphone app.
The invention relates to a Hongkui liquor. The Hongkui liquor is characterized in that the Hongkui liquor which is a medicine liquor comprises black nightshade seeds, gomphrena globosa flower and baijiu, the weight of the black nightshade seeds is 15% of the weight of the baijiu, the weight of the gomphrena globosa flower is 20% of the weight of the baijiu, and the alcohol content (v/v) of the baijiu ranges from 60% to 65%. The materials used are easily available. A formula and a preparing method are simple. The Hongkui liquor is low in cost, obvious in effects, less in side effects and low in toxicity. Through tanking the medicine liquor, cough, cold asthmatoid bronchitis, bronchial asthma and other diseases can be effectively treated.
CONTEXT: Obesity is a risk factor for the development of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, the molecular mechanisms by which obesity promotes PTC are unclear.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to identify adipokines that are linked to PTC progression.
METHODS: An adipokine antibody array was used to determine the serum levels of 40 adipokines in normal-weight and obese PTC patients. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the serum levels of adiponectin. Recombinant human adiponectin was produced by human adipose-derived stem cells and used to treat PTC cells. Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated using the CCK8 and Transwell assays. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict mechanisms by which adiponectin affects PTC.
RESULTS: Adipokines differentially expressed between normal-weight and obese patients showed a gender-dependent pattern. Obese PTC patients had a significantly lower serum adiponectin level than normal-weight patients, especially in female individuals. Adiponectin levels were negatively correlated with aggressive features of PTC, including tumor diameter > 1 cm, extrathyroidal extension, and lymph node metastasis. Recombinant human adiponectin inhibited the proliferation and migration of human PTC cells in vitro. Bioinformatics analysis identified adiponectin receptor 2 (ADIPOR2) and the autophagy pathway as possible mediators of adiponectin function in TC. In vitro experiments confirmed that adiponectin activated autophagy in PTC cells. These findings shed new lights into the role and mechanisms of adiponectin in TC pathogenesis.
CONCLUSION: Adiponectin is involved in development of obesity-related PTC. Adiponectin can directly inhibit thyroid cancer growth and metastasis through the autophagy pathway.
Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty is performed using a CE marked endoscopic suture device (Overstitch, Apollo Endosurgery, Austin, Tx. USA). Continuous stitches are placed to create a sleeve-shaped gastric path of 2 cm diameter to reduce stomach volume from the proximal antrum to the oeso-gastric junction.
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is the most common autoimmune disorder characterized by decreased platelet counts and impaired platelet production. Eltrombopag has been demonstrated to be safe and effective for children with ITP. It is reported eltrombopag can achieve a sustained response off treatment. However, data on its overall efficacy and safety profile are scarce in children. This study aimed to investigate the long-term efficacy of eltrombopag in children with ITP. Treatment overall response (OR), complete response (CR), response (R), durable response (DR), no response (NR), treatment free remission (TFR), and relapse rate, were assessed in 103 children with ITP during eltrombopag therapy. The OR rate, CR rate, R rate, DR rate, NR rate, TFR rate, and relapse rate were 67.0%, 55.3%, 11.7%, 56.3%, 33.0%, 60%, 36.2%, respectively. Importantly, we discovered that newly diagnosed ITP patients showed a higher DR rate, TFR rate and lower relapse rate compared to persistent and chronic ITP patients. Furthermore, the CR rate, DR rate, and TFR rate of 5 patients under six months were 100%. None of them suffered relapse. The most common adverse event (AEs) was hepatotoxicity (7.77%). Our study highlighted the critical role of eltrombopag as the second-line treatment in children with ITP who were intolerant to first-line therapy.
Participants with a SPPB score ≥ 11 will be categorized as high-functioning. The following test will be performed: Health and Quality of Life questionnaires, Mobility Assessments, Accelerometry, Body Composition (DEXA scan), Strength assessments, Neuromuscular stimulation, and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).