anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a symptom complex defined as urgency, with or without urgency urinary incontinence (UUI), usually with frequency and nocturia in the absence of urinary tract infection. Some authors listed the treatment options in idiopathic OAB as follows; first-line - behavioral therapy (lifestyle modifications, pelvic floor muscle (PFM) training, bladder training (BT), timed voiding), second-line - pharmacologic (antimuscarinic, beta-3 agonists), and third-line - neuromodulation/chemodenervation (tibial nerve stimulation, sacral neuromodulation, intradetrusor botulinum toxin). Intravaginal electrical stimulation (IVES) is involved in pelvic floor muscle training as a first-line treatment option. On the contrary, some authors stated that "the first-line treatment of idiopathic OAB includes behavior modification and physical therapy, and neuromodulation methods are used as third-line therapy in cases refractory to first-line and second-line (pharmacological) treatment. IVES, tibial nerve stimulation, and sacral neuromodulation are included as neuromodulation options". However, it is known that many patients with idiopathic OAB receive pharmacological treatment before reaching a conservative treatment option such as IVES. In common practice, antimuscarinic agents are frequently used as an initial treatment although burdened by a low adherence, and these patients need protracted treatment with periodic controls.

Some studies included subjects were not used antimuscarinics within the last 4-12 weeks or antimuscarinic-naive patients with OAB, while some included patients with OAB who were unresponsive or intolerant to antimuscarinics. As a result, IVES appear to be effective therapies used both as first-line treatment, as well as in managing refractory patients with idiopathic OAB. There is no evidence that it is most effective in which patients (antimuscarinic naive and refractory). Would it be more effective on the first-line or the third-line? or in other words; is there a difference in response to IVES in antimuscarinic naive and refractory patients with OAB? It should be kept in mind that IVES may lead to different results in antimuscarinic naive and refractory patients with idiopathic OAB. This study is the first prospective trial that compares the efficacy of IVES in antimuscarinic naive and refractory women with idiopathic OAB. In this study, it was aimed to compare the effectiveness of IVES added to BT on quality of life (QoL) and clinical parameters related to OAB in antimuscarinic naive and refractory women. The results of this study would make it easier to understand the place of IVES among the treatment options in women with idiopathic OAB.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide compositions and methods for suppressing proliferation of endometrium.SOLUTION: The subject matter of the invention relates to the field of hormone therapy. More specifically, the subject matter of the invention relates to methods of treating estrogen dependent symptoms such as endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer in a female receiving estrogen and/or selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) therapy. The invention also relates to suppressing proliferation of endometrium. The invention also relates to treatment of pain associated with endometriosis. Also disclosed are compositions comprising progesterone antagonist for practicing the methods. Embodiments of the invention also disclose methods for identifying new selective progesterone receptor modulators for practicing disclosed methods of treatment.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an improved bandage for aiding a traumatotherapy process.  <P>SOLUTION: A composition including a bioactive peptide is disclosed. An active peptide is isolated from fragments derived from human hair keratin protein or sheep wool keratin protein. The composition is prepared for pharmaceutical or topical administration or for use in cosmetic preparations. The activity of the peptide is shown by capability of stimulating the growth of skin fibroblasts in comparison with heretofore known fibroblast growth factor. Therefore, the composition including the peptide is useful for treating the conditions including an injured organization and skin, an aged organization and skin, or a morbid organization and skin.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Circulating tumor cell (CTC) has been a valuable biomarker for the diagnosis of breast cancer, while folate receptor is a kind of cell surface receptor glycoprotein which is overexpressed in breast cancer. In this work, we have designed and fabricated an electrochemical biosensor for sensitive detection of folate receptor-positive CTCs based on mild reduction assisted CRISPR/Cas system. Specifically, folate functionalized magnetic beads are firstly prepared to capture CTCs owing to the strong affinity between folate and the folate receptors on the surface of cells. Then, the cell membranes are treated by mild reduction so as to expose a large number of free sulfhydryl groups, which can be coupled with maleimide-DNA to introduce the signal amplified CRISPR/Cas12a system. After the trans-cleavage activity of CRISPR/Cas12a is activated, the long chain DNA modified with electroactive molecules methylene blue can be randomly cleaved into short DNA fragments, which are then captured on the graphite electrode through the host-guest recognition with cucurbit [7]uril, generating highly amplified electrochemical signal corresponding to the number of CTCs. The electrochemical biosensor not only demonstrates the sensitivity with a low detection limit of 2 cells/mL, but also highlights its excellent selectivity and stability in complex environment. Therefore, our biosensor may provide an alternative tool for the analysis of CTCs.
Sodium Acetate Injection, USP 40 mEq is administered intravenously only after dilution in a larger volume of fluid. The dose and rate of administration are dependent upon the individual needs of the patient. Serum sodium should be monitored as a guide to dosage. Using aseptic technique, all or part of the contents of one or more vials may be added to other intravenous fluids to provide any desired number of milliequivalents (mEq) of sodium (Na+) with an equal number of acetate (CH3COO−).

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. See PRECAUTIONS.
PURPOSE:To easily manufacture high purity amorphous magnesium phosphate contg. bound water as octahydrate or lower and having a superior effect of stabilizing calcium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate as a base for toothpaste. CONSTITUTION:A water-soluble alkali metallic phosphate such as sodium dihydrogen phosphate is mixed with an Mg salt such as MgSO4 in the form of aqueous solns., and the mixture is adjusted to 9-11pH with an alkali substance and kept at 50 deg.C to produce magnesium phosphate docosahydrate. The crystals are very large and free from impurities contained in the starting materials, and they are very easily separated from the mother liquor and washed. The docosahydrate is then dried and dehydrated. At this time, the temp. is made relatively high so as to accelerate the evaporation of water, and an internal heat type drier from which evaporated water is rapidly released is used. By carrying out the dehydration until the docosahydrate is reduced to octahydrate or lower on calculation, amorphous magnesium phosphate contg. bound water as octahydrate or lower is obtd.
PURPOSE: To assess reading performance in patients with mild to moderate primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), and to determine the relationship between reading ability and visual field (VF), microperimetry, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters.
METHODS: Reading performance of 30 POAG patients examined by the Minnesota Reading Acuity Chart (MNREAD) was compared to that of 21 age-matched controls collected from Ankara University in Turkey. Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA) 24-2 SITA Standard and 10-2 patterns, and microperimetry were used for VF measurements. All subjects underwent OCT analysis for retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), optic nerve head (ONH) measurements, and ganglion cell inner plexiform layer thickness (GCIPLT). The linear relationship between reading parameters and VF, microperimetry, and OCT parameters was investigated. Univariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to identify the risk factors for glaucoma.
RESULTS: In POAG patients, maximum reading speed (MRS) had a significant association with average rim area, mean cup-to-disc ratio (CDR), and cup volume (p < 0.05, for all). Decreased MRS was associated with thinner average GCIPLT and inferotemporal, superior, and inferior GCIPLT quadrants (p < 0.05, for all). Global index values for the HFA 24-2/10-2 tests, microperimetry, and ONH/RNFLT parameters had no correlation with reading performance. After accounting for the better and worse eyes, gender, education, age, and visual acuity of the glaucoma patients, MRS score was 23 units lower in the worse eye (p = 0.009), critical print size (CPS) was 0.21 units larger in the better eye (p = 0.03) and 0.25 units larger in the worse eye (p < 0.001), reading accesibility index (ACC) was 0.11 units lower in the better eye (p = 0.02) and 0.13 units lower in the worse eye (p = 0.002), and RA was 0.13 units higher in the worse eye (p = 0.003) of POAG patients.
CONCLUSION: POAG had significantly lower reading performance when compared to healthy subjects. Reading speed was associated with decreased macular GCIPLT indicating that reading performance may be affected in the earlier stages of the disease.
Liver fibrosis, as a consequence of chronic liver disease, involves the activation of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) caused by various chronic liver injuries. Emerging evidence suggests that activation of HSC during an inflammatory state can lead to abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Investigating novel strategies to inhibit HSC activation and proliferation holds significant importance for the treatment of liver fibrosis. As a member of the doublecortin domain-containing family, doublecortin domain containing 2 (DCDC2) mutations can lead to neonatal sclerosing cholangitis, but its involvement in liver fibrosis remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the role of DCDC2 in liver fibrosis. Our findings revealed a reduction in DCDC2 expression in both human fibrotic liver tissues and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced mouse liver fibrotic tissues. Furthermore, exposure to transforming growth factor beta-1(TGF-β1) stimulation resulted in a dose- and time-dependent decrease in DCDC2 expression. The overexpression of DCDC2 inhibited the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and type I collagen alpha 1 (Col1α1), and reduced the activation of HSC stimulated with TGF-β1. Additionally, we provided evidence that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was involved in this process, wherein DCDC2 was observed to inhibit β-catenin activation, thereby preventing its nuclear translocation. Furthermore, our findings demonstrated that DCDC2 could attenuate the proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like processes of HSC. In vivo, exogenous DCDC2 could ameliorate CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. In summary, DCDC2 was remarkably downregulated in liver fibrotic tissues of both humans and mice, as well as in TGF-β1-activated HSC. DCDC2 inhibited the activation of HSC induced by TGF-β1 in vitro and fibrogenic changes in vivo, suggesting that it is a promising therapeutic target for liver fibrosis and warrants further investigation in clinical practice.
For this longitudinal screening cohort, we will enroll 800 participants who currently or historically smoked and who have a 10 year Bach risk model of lung cancer \> 2.5% (5). We will include participants 50 to 79 years old, with ≥10 cigarettes/day for current smokers, or ≥20 pack years for former smoker who quit 20 years ago or less. In order to further enrich for lung cancer risk, participants also will have COPD/emphysema or at least one first-degree relative with a diagnosis of lung cancer. We will exclude patients previously diagnosed with lung cancer. These patients will be followed for a total of 4 years with annual follow-up visits. Biosamples from airway and blood and images will be collected.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an easily operated separator capable of positively separating solid component from liquid component. SOLUTION: This separator is provided with a first filter unit 1 of a roughly cylinder shape of roughly concentrically laminated sheet filter materials 1a, and an outer cylinder 3 having an inner diameter d1 roughly equal to an outer diameter d2 of the cylinder shape of the first filter unit 1 and storing the first filter unit 1. Preferably the sheet filter materials 1a are cut and formed into rectangles and constituted by winding it into a roll. The inner diameter d1 of the outer cylinder 3 is roughly equal to the outer diameter d2 of the filter unit 1 but it is preferable to make it slightly larger. When the first filter unit 1 is stored in the outer cylinder 3, the sheet filter materials 1a (e.g. filter paper) is laminated in a direction roughly perpendicular to a flow direction of a liquid to be filtered (e. g. whole blood).
BACKGROUND: Although the percentage of the population with a high degree of obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 35 kg/m2) is low in Japan, the prevalence of obesity-related diseases in patients with high-degree obesity is greater than that in patients with a BMI < 35 kg/m2. Therefore, treatment for high-degree obesity is important. However, clinical studies have reported that 20-50% of patients with obesity discontinue weight-loss treatment in other countries. The circumstances surrounding antiobesity agents are quite different between Japan and other countries. In this study, we investigated the predictors of treatment discontinuation in Japanese patients with high-degree obesity.
METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of 271 Japanese patients with high-degree obesity who presented at Toho University Sakura Medical Center for obesity treatment between April 1, 2014, and December 31, 2017. The patients were divided into non-dropout and dropout groups. Patients who discontinued weight-loss treatment within 24 months of the first visit were defined as "dropouts." Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were performed to examine the factors predicting treatment withdrawal.
RESULTS: Among the 271 patients, 119 (43.9%) discontinued treatment within 24 months of the first visit. The decrease in BMI did not significantly differ between the two groups. No prescription of medication and residential distance from the hospital exceeding 15 km were the top contributors to treatment discontinuation, and the absence of prescription medication was the most important factor. The dropout-free rate was significantly higher in patients with medication prescriptions than in those without and in patients who lived within 15 km of the hospital than in those who lived farther than 15 km from the hospital.
CONCLUSIONS: No medication prescription and longer residential distance from the hospital were associated with treatment dropout in Japanese patients with high-degree obesity; therefore, the addition of antiobesity medications and telemedicine may be necessary to prevent treatment discontinuation in such patients.
The invention relates to a composition for chewable capsule, which mainly composed of mixing gelatin, glycerin, pure water, starch acetate, and soybean lecithin. The weight percentage of the gelatin is 20% to 55%. The weight percentage of the glycerin is 15% to 45%. The weight percentage of the pure water is 20% to 55%. The weight percentage of the starch acetate is 5% to 25%. The weight percentage of the soybean lecithin is 0.1% to 10%. With the composition of the above components, the capsule itself is more elastic and chewier. When eating, users can chew through their teeth. It is suitable for children or groups who are not good at swallowing conventional soft capsules.
A composition is disclosed to assist in the removal of human cerumen from the external ear canal. It is described to comprise of a cerumenolytically acceptable enzyme and a bicarbonate in effective amounts, and an aqueous otologically acceptable vehicle. The enzyme can be selected from the group consisting of lipases, proteases, amylases. The possibility of replacing the cerumenolytically acceptable enzyme with a proteolytic enzyme is also disclosed, and this can be selected from the group including pancreatin, trypsin, subtilisin, collagenase, keratinase, carboxypeptidase, and papain. When sodium bicarbonate is used, the amount disclosed to be effective is about 0.5 to about 15 weight/volume percent. A two-part composition is also described involving the enzyme and aqueous otologically acceptable vehicle including a bicarbonate wherein the first and second parts are maintained separate until desired to administer to the external ear canal.
PURPOSE:To lessen the operator's judgment and to improve the operator's labor efficiency by reading medical bill information by a pharmacy analyzing means, executing processing to analyze a pharmacy method, adding the pharmacy information to the medical bill information, outputting the information, executing processing to edit drug bags by a drug bag editing means and transmitting a signal to a drug bag issuing machine. CONSTITUTION:The medical bill information is inputted from an input/output device 1 and is stored into a medical bull information memory device 2. The medical bill information stored in this medical bill information memory device 2 is read in the pharmacy analyzing means 7 where the processing to analyze the pharmacy method is executed by referencing the drug information from a drug master memory device 3, the patient information from a patient information memory device 4 and the pharmacy analysis adjustment information from a pharmacy analysis adjustment information memory means 5. The pharmacy information is added to the medical bill information and the medical bill information is rewritten to the medical bill information memory device 2. The processing to edit the drug bags is executed by referencing the drug bag editing conditions of an editing condition memory device 6 in the drug bag editing means 8. The edited drug bag data is then transmitted from an edition data signal transmission device 11 to the drug bag issuing machine of a pharmacy equipment manufacturer.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating postpartum obesity and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicines. The effective components of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation comprise the following raw materials: dayflowers, falsesour cherry leaves, litchi chinensis, water-chestnut roots, lotus leaves, changium smyrnioides, trifoliate orange, semen raphani, herb of shiny cinquefoil, ajuga forrestii, berchemia sinica, cymbium, aloes, jasmine, wax gourds and papaya. The medicinal materials selected by the traditional Chinese medicine preparation disclosed by the invention are suitable in compatibility, meet the theory of traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacy and modern medicine and pharmacology and has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, clearing dampness and inducing diuresis, nourishing blood and tonifying spleen and promoting the circulation of qi and diminishing swelling, so that the preparation can promote internal secretion and metabolism of human body, improve the microcirculatory system in the body of the puerperal and has a remarkable curative effect for treating postpartum obesity. The patient with postpartum obesity is free from pains, obesity does not relapse after treatment, and the preparation is safe and reliable and free from any toxic and side effects. The patient in the delivery period can work and live normally. The preparation is strange in effect, practical and worth widely popularizing and applying.
This is a longitudinal cohort study of young women with breast cancer. Over a 6-year period, the investigators aim to identify over 1,600 women age 40 and younger with newly diagnosed breast cancer from academic and community health care institutions. It is anticipated that 1,300 of these women will agree to participate in an observational study. Patient surveys, medical record review, and blood and tissue collection will be utilized. Women will be surveyed every 6 months for the first 3 years after diagnosis, then yearly thereafter for an additional 7 years (for a total follow-up of 10 year following diagnosis). The study will investigate short and long-term disease and treatment issues, and psychosocial concerns at baseline and in follow-up among a cohort of young women (age 40 or younger) newly diagnosed with breast cancer. The investigators aim to characterize the population of young women at diagnosis and in follow-up regarding disease and psychosocial outcomes (e.g., presentation and disease characteristics, treatment patterns and quality of care, short and long-term side effects, and psychosocial concerns including fertility, sexual functioning, and menopausal issues). The investigators will also collect tumor and blood specimens to characterize the tumors, and bank for future studies including molecular evaluations of disease characteristics, genetic variability and hormonal levels in blood. Ultimately, the investigators aim to develop predictors of outcome, and identify areas that may be amenable to intervention.
Pregabalin extended-release tablets may cause dizziness and somnolence. Inform patients that pregabalin extended-release tablets-related dizziness and somnolence may impair their ability to perform tasks such as driving or operating machinery. Concomitant use of pregabalin extended-release tablets with other central nervous system (CNS) depressants may exacerbate these effects [see Drug Interactions (7)] . 

In the pregabalin extended-release tablets controlled trials for pain indications, dizziness was experienced by 24% of pregabalin extended-release tablets-treated patients during the single-blind phase; somnolence was experienced by 15.8% of pregabalin extended-release tablets-treated patients. Dizziness and somnolence generally began shortly after the initiation of pregabalin extended-release tablets therapy and occurred more frequently at higher doses. Dizziness and somnolence were the adverse reactions most frequently leading to withdrawal (2.4%, 1.2% each) during the single-blind phase of the controlled studies. In pregabalin-treated patients reporting these adverse reactions in short-term, controlled studies, dizziness persisted until the last dose in 30% and somnolence persisted until the last dose in 42% of patients .
The composition for treating bone loss is a solution of silver nanoparticles in an ethanolic extract of  Leptadenia  plant leaves. The composition is prepared by extracting dried  Leptadenia  plant leaf powder in ethanol for 24 hours at room temperature with constant stirring. A sample of the extract is fractionated by column chromatography, and the fractions are tested to determine the most effective fraction for stimulating osteoblast formation from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). This fraction is used to synthesize green silver nanoparticles by adding the extract fraction to a solution of silver nitrate with constant stirring for 24 hours at room temperature. A portion of the  Leptadenia  extract is added to the resulting silver nanoparticles to stimulate osteoblast formation in cultures of BMSCs. The composition may be used to form drug compositions for treating bone loss.