anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The evidence of rivaroxaban's pharmacokinetics in obese compared with non-obese populations remains inconclusive. We aimed to compare the pharmacokinetic profile of rivaroxaban between obese and non-obese populations under fed state. Participants who met the study's eligibility criteria were assigned into one of two groups: obese (body mass index ≥35 kg/m2) or non-obese (body mass index 18.5-24.9 kg/m2). A single dose of rivaroxaban 20 mg was orally administered to each participant. Nine blood samples over 48 h, and multiple urine samples over 18 h were collected and analyzed for rivaroxaban concentration using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass detector. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined using WinNonlin software. Thirty-six participants were recruited into the study. No significant changes were observed between obese and non-obese participants in peak plasma concentration, time to reach peak plasma concentration, area under the plasma concentration-time curve over 48 h or to infinity, elimination rate constant, half-life, apparent volume of distribution, apparent clearance, and fraction of drug excreted unchanged in urine over 18 h. Rivaroxaban's exposure was similar between the obese and non-obese subjects, and there were no significant differences in other pharmacokinetic parameters between the two groups. These results suggest that dose adjustment for rivaroxaban is probably unwarranted in the obese population.
INTRODUCTION Videolaryngoscopes are the new generation devices which were introduced into the difficult intubation algorithm by the American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) in 2013 (1). Videolaryngoscopes are known to be superior to traditional direct laryngoscopy in cases of difficult airway, glottic visualisation is obtained more easily and less airway trauma is seen (2). Portable videolaryngoscope which is used in difficult airways (3). There are 2, 3, and 4 numbered blades. In the light source of the blade of the videolaryngoscope, there is a camera which is connected to a video screen monitor. In addition to passing soft tissues by visualisation, the camera is helpful in defining the glottic appearance (1).

There are studies which have compared the hemodynamic response and increase in IOP in intubation using direct laryngoscope and various videolaryngoscopes and airway devices . However, to the best of our knowledge there is no study comparing the effect on the increase in IOP of videolaryngoscope and direct laryngoscope. The aim of the current study was to compare IOP, hemodynamic parameters and throat pain in the use of videolaryngoscope and the direct laryngoscope.
Outer retinal degenerations, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), are characterized by photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) atrophy. In these blinding diseases, macrophages accumulate at atrophic sites, but their ontogeny and niche specialization remain poorly understood, especially in humans. We uncovered a unique profile of microglia, marked by galectin-3 upregulation, at atrophic sites in mouse models of retinal degeneration and human AMD. In disease models, conditional deletion of galectin-3 in microglia led to phagocytosis defects and consequent augmented photoreceptor death, RPE damage, and vision loss, indicating protective roles. Mechanistically, Trem2 signaling orchestrated microglial migration to atrophic sites and induced galectin-3 expression. Moreover, pharmacologic Trem2 agonization led to heightened protection but in a galectin-3-dependent manner. In elderly human subjects, we identified this highly conserved microglial population that expressed galectin-3 and Trem2. This population was significantly enriched in the macular RPE-choroid of AMD subjects. Collectively, our findings reveal a neuroprotective population of microglia and a potential therapeutic target for mitigating retinal degeneration.
Avoid concomitant use of YOSPRALA with clopidogrel. Clopidogrel is a prodrug. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel is entirely due to an active metabolite. The metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite can be impaired by use with concomitant medications, such as omeprazole, that interfere with CYP2C19 activity. Co-administration of clopidogrel with 80 mg omeprazole reduces the pharmacological activity of clopidogrel, even when administered 12 hours apart. When using YOSPRALA, consider alternative anti-platelet therapy [see Drug Interactions (7), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Patients allocated to the IMT arm will be instructed to train at home twice daily, for 20 minutes each session, using a Threshold inspiratory muscle trainer (Respironics Inc., Parsippany, NJ). They will be instructed by a physiotherapist responsible for training intervention and educated to maintain diaphragmatic breathing during the training period. The subjects will start breathing at a resistance equal to 25% to 30% of their maximal inspiratory mouth pressure (MIP) for 1 week. The respiratory therapist will examine the patients at weekly intervals by checking the diary card and measuring the MIP each time. The resistance will be modified each session according to the 25% to 30% of their MIP measured.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a retrovirus that, if left untreated, can progress to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a condition in which the immune system is severely compromised, leading to life-threatening conditions. Ad26.Mos4.HIV is a tetravalent vaccine composed of Ad26.Mos1.Gag-Pol, Ad26.Mos2.Gag-Pol, Ad26.Mos1.Env, and Ad26.Mos2S.Env. Clade C and Mosaic gp140 HIV bivalent vaccine contains: Clade C gp140, HIV-1 Env gp140 of Clade C, Mosaic gp140, HIV-1 Env gp140, and aluminum phosphate adjuvant. Evidences showed that a combination of vaccination with Ad26.Mos.HIV followed by Ad26.Mos.HIV together with Clade C gp140 protein in aluminum phosphate adjuvant led to highest level of protection observed so far with this vaccine concept. Study comprises of a screening period of 45 days, a 12-month vaccination period and a follow-up period of at least 18 months after fourth vaccination (until Month 30) in participants who remain HIV-1 negative or up to 6 months after diagnosis of HIV-1 infection in participants who become HIV-1 infected. Participants who completed their Month 30 visit will be followed for HIV infection, medically-attended adverse event (MAAEs) and serious adverse events until the end of study (Month 30). Primary analysis of vaccine efficacy will evaluate the number of HIV-1 infections in the vaccine group compared to number of HIV-1 infections in the placebo group between Month 7 and Month X (with 24\<=X\<=30) in per-protocol population.
Patients will be intravenously treated with Rituximab 1000mg (or biosimilar) in the first week and receive a 2nd dosage of 1000mg 14 days later. Before every infusion of Rituximab patients will receive intravenous methylprednisolone 100mg together with oral acetaminophen 1000 mg and and intravenous Tavegil 2 mg.
The invention is in the field of therapy of gut inflammatory diseases such as Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) or Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) including Gluten hypersensitivity. The inventors showed that ELA2A secreted by epithelial cells in the extracellular space is over-expressed in IBD conditions degrading tight junction proteins and controlling cytokines expression. Overexpression of ELA2A conferred a pro-inflammatory phenotype both in cell expression systems and in vivo in animal model of IBD. The inventors also showed that ELA2 over-expressing intestinal epithelial cells increase the release of CXCL8 protein compared to control cells. The increased CXCL-8 protein release observed in cells overexpressing ELA2A is inhibited by ELAFIN addition to the culture, in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, the invention relates to inhibitors of Elastase ELA2A, for use in the treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, such as Crohn's Disease, Ulcerative Colitis, Celiac disease, and Pouchitis.
The cross-sectional, analytic and descriptive type study was conducted among 5-10 years aged Bangladeshi children at different areas of Mymensingh district (Muktagacha, Fulbaria, Trishal, Haluaghat and Fulpur thana) on 109 Bangladeshi children (39 female and 70 male). The study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Mymensingh Medical College, Bangladesh. Nonrandom purposive sampling technique was taken for sample collection. Any kind of leg and foot deformity resulting either from congenital anomaly or physical injury was excluded to construct standard data. The present anthropometric study was designed to construct data of 5-10 years aged Bangladeshi children regarding calf circumference, to measure correlation calf circumference (right) with body weight and comparison of calf circumference (right) between male and female children. The study has been made out to grow interest among the researchers for future study and also to compare the data with the data of the people of other races of different country. Body weight was recorded by weighing machine and calf circumference was measured by measuring tape. Calf circumference (right) showed non-significant positive correlation with weight in 5 years old male, 6 and 7 years old male and female, 8 years old male, 9 years old female and 10 years old male and female children. In case of 5 years old female and 9 years old male children, it showed significant positive correlation with weight but in case of 8 years old female, it showed non-significant negative correlation with weight. Comparison of calf circumference (right) between male and female children was done by Unpaired Students' 't' test which was statistically non-significant.
The invention belongs to a Chinese patent medicine which relates to externally-applied liquor for treating dermatosis and a preparation method thereof. The externally-applied liquor is prepared from Lightyellow Sophora Root, amur corktree bark, cnidium fruit, broom cypress fruit, radix sileris, honeysuckle, stemona root, pseudolarix, camphor, dittany bark, bitter peony bark, saffron crocus, ginseng, dandelion, sea buckthorn fruit, semen coicis, wrinkled gianthyssop, mulberry leaf, radix puerariae, bezoar, liaogewang, cassia nomame thorn, centipede and toad venom. The liquor has a very strong killing and preventing action to the bacteria and the fungi of staphylococcus aureus, colibacillus, candida albicans, pseudomonas pyocyanea, mould fungus and the like. The liquor has unique curative effect to the dermatosis of psoriasis, dermatitis, acne, beriberi, onychomycosis and the like. The liquor has little possibility of relapse after recovering and lower cost and can be accepted by all the common people. By clinic, feedback and follow-up survey, the total effective rate of the invention reaches more than 94%.
PURPOSE:To easily induce a killer cell at a low cost by taking leukocyte out of a living body and culturing the leukocyte in contact with a lipid A glycoside of 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octurosonic acid immobilized to a surface of an insoluble carrier through an amide bond. CONSTITUTION:An insoluble carrier is produced e.g. by forming a polystyrene in the form of fiber, film, etc., and introducing aminomethyl group to the surface. A lipid A glycoside of 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octurosonic acid is immobilized to the surface of the insoluble carrier through an amide bond to obtain a hemocyte-treating agent. A killer cell useful for the remedy of cancer, etc., can be induced by culturing leukocyte in contact with the treating agent in vitro. Since the leukocyte is cultured in vitro, the damage of platelet, coagulation factor, etc., can be prevented.
Infections have been associated with the incidence of Alzheimer disease and related dementias, but the mechanisms responsible for these associations remain unclear. Using a multicohort approach, we found that influenza, viral, respiratory, and skin and subcutaneous infections were associated with increased long-term dementia risk. These infections were also associated with region-specific brain volume loss, most commonly in the temporal lobe. We identified 260 out of 942 immunologically relevant proteins in plasma that were differentially expressed in individuals with an infection history. Of the infection-related proteins, 35 predicted volumetric changes in brain regions vulnerable to infection-specific atrophy. Several of these proteins, including PIK3CG, PACSIN2, and PRKCB, were related to cognitive decline and plasma biomarkers of dementia (Aβ42/40, GFAP, NfL, pTau-181). Genetic variants that influenced expression of immunologically relevant infection-related proteins, including ITGB6 and TLR5, predicted brain volume loss. Our findings support the role of infections in dementia risk and identify molecular mediators by which infections may contribute to neurodegeneration.
In this group, the nursing staff administed oxygen supply if necessary with the usual pratice in care unit for 24 hours after myocard infarction. In this group the SpO2 was recorded any time with FreeO2 device - recording mode.
This trial was designed to assess the pharmacokinetic profile of NOMAC, E2 and E1 after multiple dose (MD) and single dose (SD) administration of NOMAC-E2 in healthy female volunteers.

In total 25 subjects were to enter the trial. These subjects were synchronized for menstrual cycle by taking 1 tablet NOMAC-E2 (2.5 mg / 1.5 mg) daily for a minimum of 2 weeks. This was followed by a 7-day pill-free interval. After this, all subjects were to be exposed to the open-label MD treatment with 1 tablet NOMAC-E2 (2.5 mg / 1.5 mg) once daily, during 24 days. This was followed by a second pill-free interval of 10 days, to allow for sufficient washout of NOMAC-E2. On treatment day 35, 20 subjects were to receive 1 tablet NOMAC-E2 (2.5 mg / 1.5 mg) and 5 subjects were to receive a placebo tablet in a double blinded setup. After treatment day 35 and before follow-up, all subjects would again have a pill-free interval of 7 days. After follow-up, all subjects could return to their own contraceptive schedule. Follow-up took place on treatment day 42.

Bleeding pattern and tablet intake were assessed by means of a subject diary to be completed on a daily basis. Blood sampling for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic purposes were collected at several time points before, during and after the MD and SD period. In order to explore any possible influence of NOMAC-E2 on the QT/QTc interval, a small placebo group was designed within the SD period, to allow for comparison with the active-treated group. In addition several safety assessments (vital signs, ECGs, trans vaginal ultrasound evaluation, physical, gynecological and breast examinations, cervical smear, routine laboratory parameters and adverse events) were performed.
A randomised controlled prospective study is designed with 80 patients over 3-month period (January 2017 to March 2017). Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is planned for all patients. Two groups are designed depending on retractor. Liver retraction will be provided with Nathanson retractor in first group (Nathanson group, 40 patients), and with Reveel retractor in second group (Reveel group, 40 patients). Preoperative serum levels of transaminases, total bilirubin and C-reactive protein will be measured in all patients. The same biochemical markers will be measured on days 1 and 2 postoperatively. The patients with body mass index (BMI) ≥35kg/m2 are enrolled to study. The parameters of demographic characteristics (age, gender, BMI, weight, and body fat percentage), and clinical outcomes (postoperative complications, mortality, readmissions) are planned to record.

Operative Technique

All patients will be operated by same surgeons. and anesthetist. Peroperatively intravenous paracetamol 10 mg, tramadol 50 mg and fentanyl 150 mcg will be used for analgesia. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy will be performed with 5 trocars, in reverse trendelenburg position by creating pneumoperitoneum with 14 mmHg carbon dioxide insufflation. Trocar replacements are one 10-mm trocar in the midline above umbilicus for the endoscope, one 12-mm trocar to right midclavicular line linage to the 10-mm trocar. One 5-mm trocar to the left midclavicular line linage to the 10-mm trocar, one 5-mm trocar to the front axillary line below the left costal margin. Both liver retractors will be placed from 2 cm below the xiphoid process for liver retractor. In nathanson group; after placing the blade of Nathanson retractor below the left lobe of the liver, it will be fixed to the operating table by the other instruments of retractor. In reveel group; the retractor will be placed below the left lobe of the liver and then it will be fixed to the skin with a towel clamp. 38 F orogastric tube will be used. No use of nasogastric tubes and urinary catheters routinely is planned. Drain replacement is planned for all patients.

Preoperative and postoperative values of the markers will be analysed and compared between two groups.
Some researchers support that a state of ketosis, reached through the use of ketogenic diet, has the potential to improve athletic. To attain such state, individuals must restrict carbohydrate intake to a maximum of 50g/ day or 10% while keeping protein intake moderate. One of the biggest challenges to achieve and maintain ketosis is complying with the diet due to its restrictive nature. Consequently, manufacturers have developed supplements that can induce a state of ketosis acutely (\~1 hour). Unfortunately, there is very little evidence supporting the use of these supplements to enhance athletic performance. Hyperketonemia (blood ketone concentration \> 0.2 Mm) seems to elevate the rate of utilization of ketone bodies. These changes in substrate utilization may allow athletes to preserve, something that would be advantageous for exercise performance. Ketone salts have been shown to elevate the concentration of ketones in blood and as such they may allow the body benefit from the apparent sparing of carbohydrates. Manufacturers now provide ketones salts combined with other ingredients such as caffeine. However it is unknown whether or not the addition of these ingredients has any positive or negative effect on athletic performance. Caffeine alone has been shown to improve athletic performance in several studies. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of a caffeine free ketone salt supplement vs a caffeinated ketone salt supplement and their effects on a 20km time trial and a 30 second all-out Wingate test.
Obesity is characterized as generalized expansion of all adipose tissue depots, an increase in tissue lipid content, and dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. The adipocyte functions not only as a storage depot for fat but as an endocrine organ that releases hormones in response to specific extracellular stimuli or changes in metabolic status. These secreted proteins, carry out a variety of diverse functions, and they have been referred to collectively as adipokines. The adipokines have been postulated to play important roles in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, hypertension, disorders of coagulation, dyslipidemia, and glucose intolerance, abnormalities associated with insulin resistance syndrome.

These observations are of considerable interest because recent studies have provided evidence that increased hepatic fat content is an important determinant of hepatic insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients. Fatty liver is common in type 2 diabetic patients. The mechanisms responsible for the increase in hepatic fat content are unclear. It has been suggested that fatty liver results from accelerated fatty acid mobilization from expanded visceral fat stores and their deposition in the liver as well as decreased hepatic fatty acid oxidation. Weight loss in humans with Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is associated with a decrease in hepatic fat content. In addition, thiazolidinediones have been shown to reduce hepatic fat content and improve hepatic insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes as well as in non-diabetic patients with NAFLD. The thiazolidinediones initiate their action by binding the peroxisome proliferator activator receptors (PPAR) , which primarily are located on adipocytes. Treatment of insulin-resistant mice as well as type 2 diabetic patients with insulin sensitizing PPAR activators, such as thiazolidinediones, and increases plasma adiponectin levels. Indirect evidence suggests that adiponectin might mediate some of the insulin-sensitizing effects of PPAR agonists.

Exenatide, a Glucagon Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes, elicited dose-dependent reductions in body weight in association with improved glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients. In animal models of obesity, exenatide reduces hepatic fat. However, the effect of exenatide treatment in combination with a thiazolidinedione on liver fat content and plasma adipocytokines levels in patients with type 2 diabetes remains to be investigated.
Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) is a rare inflammatory eye condition. We report an atypical case of MEWDS in a man in his 30s who presented with blurred vision (visual acuity 6/9), floaters and photopsia in his left eye. Funduscopy examination showed mild peripheral nasal vascular sheathing with subtle grey-white dots highlighted on fundus autofluorescence. As far as the authors are aware, this is the first case presentation whereby areas affected by MEWDS started in the peripheral retina and migrated centrally. Fluorescein angiography showed hyperfluorescent areas in wreath-like patterns nasally. Optical coherence tomography showed disruption of the ellipsoid zone and hyperreflective projections into the outer nuclear layer. The size of the involved area increased over 3 weeks and subsequently resolved over 4 months. Simultaneously, the patient's symptoms also resolved, without treatment. This case highlights the importance of multimodal imaging, especially ultrawidefield imaging in diagnosing MEWDS.
All enrolled participants will receive one intramuscular (i.m.) injection of containing 22.5 mg 6-month formulation triptorelin pamoate on Day 1.
Participants will receive tucatinib plus trastuzumab plus capecitabine. Tucatinib 300 mg will be administered orally twice daily (BID). Trastuzumab 8 mg/kg loading dose followed by 6 mg/kg maintenance dose thereafter, will be administered intravenously (IV) on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle. Capecitabine 1000 mg/m\^2 will be administered orally BID on Days 1-14 of each 21-day cycle. Tucatinib, trastuzumab and capecitabine treatment will continue until unacceptable toxicity, disease progression, death, withdrawal of consent or study closure.
Infants randomized into the "CC+SI group" will receive a SI with a PIP of 25-30 cmH2O while receiving chest compression. The SI will be delivered over a period of 45 seconds. This will be followed by PEEP of 5-8 cm water to perform an assessment of the newborn's heart rate. If heart rate is \>60/min continue with standard care as per local hospital policy (standard hospital practice guideline). If heart rate remains \<60/min continue with CC+SI for another 45sec at which time a further assessment should be performed. If heart rate remains \<60/min continue with CC+SI.
Participants randomized to this group will complete three high intensity interval training sessions per week, two of which will be supervised. They will exercise for a total of 30 minutes per session. Each session will begin with a five-minute warm-up and end with a five-minute cool-down.