anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The study design is a prospective, randomized and controlled trial comparing a new protocol to the standard of care. To the investigators knowledge, there is no similar protocol and this will be a single center, pilot study. The control arm will consist of subjects who meet the inclusion criteria for the study and will receive current standard of care management for paramalignant pleural effusion. This will consist of either an indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) placement with subsequent talc slurry administration and hospital admission for continuous drainage, or schedule medical pleuroscopy with talc insufflation poudrage and subsequent IPC placement for continuous drainage while in the hospital. The intervention arm will consist of subjects who meet the inclusion criteria and then will be scheduled for IPC placement in the pulmonary procedure unit as either an outpatient visit or during their hospital admission (if the subject is already admitted to the hospital and recruited via our inpatient consult service). The subjects in this arm will then go home or back to their original admission status with a drainage bag for continuous drainage on the same day as the procedure. This protocol will utilize a circuit with an IPC connected to a continuous drainage bag via a one-way Heimlich valve. It is important to note that while utilizing this circuit is a new protocol for patients with paramalignant pleural effusions, the protocol is the current standard of care practice for patients with pneumothorax and persistent air leak, and is being utilized regularly for these patients by the investigator's department as standard of care for patient needing long-term chest tubes while at home.
Eltrombopag will be administered orally as 25 mg, 50 mg, or 75 mg in a flexible dose design for 26 weeks. Participants will receive blinded therapy at a starting dose of 50 mg eltrombopag once daily and allow to have their dose titrated up (maximum dose of 75 mg eltrombopag) or down (minimum dose of 25 mg eltrombopag) depending on their response to study drug.
Several lines of evidence suggest that cluster headache is related to chronobiology and sleep. Nevertheless, the nature of such a relationship is unclear. In this view, the objective evaluation of sleep in cluster headache has strong theoretical and clinical relevance. Here, we provide an in-depth narrative review of the literature on objective sleep assessment in cluster headache. We found that only a small number of studies (N = 12) focused on this topic. The key research aims were directed to assess: (a) the relationship between cluster headache and sleep breathing disorders; (b) the temporal relationship between sleep stages/events and cluster headache attacks; (c) sleep macrostructure in patients with cluster headache. No studies considered sleep microstructure. The reviewed studies are heterogeneous, conducted by a few research groups, and often characterised by relevant methodological flaws. Results are substantially inconclusive considering the main hypothesis. We outline several methodological points that should be considered for future research, and suggest that evaluating sleep microstructure, local sleep electrophysiology and actigraphic measures may strongly increase knowledge on the relationship between sleep and cluster headache.
Participants first received 225 mg of the six most common artificial food colors (Red 40, Red 3, Yellow 5, Yellow 6, Blue 1, and Blue 2) mixed in chocolate cookies and consumed consecutively over three days (Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday). After a 4-day washout period, they then received placebo of chocolate cookies and consumed them over three days.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic and progressive systemic condition that characterizes irreversible alterations in the kidneys' function and structure over an extended period, spanning months to years. CKD is the one of the major causes of mortality worldwide. However, very limited treatment options are available in the market for management of the CKD. Diabetes and hypertension are the key risk factors for the progression of CKD. It is majorly characterised by glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy, and interstitial fibrosis. Plants are considered safe and effective in treating various chronic conditions. A diverse group of phytoconstituents, including polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and terpenes, have found significant benefits in managing chronic ailments. Terpenes constitute a diverse group of plant compounds with various therapeutic benefits. Evidence-based pharmacological studies underscore the crucial role played by terpenes in preventing and managing CKD. These substances demonstrate the capacity to hinder detrimental pathways, such as oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis, thereby demonstrating benefit in renal dysfunction. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the roles and positive attributes of commonly occurring terpenes in managing the causes and risk factors of CKD and the associated conditions.
An aqueous gel is prepared for producing inedible jellies such as gels for dental impressions, deodorants and insecticides, by adding to hot or cold water 1,5 to 5,0 parts by weight (based on the aqueous medium employed) of a water-soluble salt of alginic acid (e.g. the alginate of ammonium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and alginate of organic bases such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine or aniline), 0,2 to 0,6 parts calcium carbonate, 0,5 to 3,0 parts sodium tripolyphosphate and 0,25-4,0 parts fumaric and/or adipic acid.  A magnesium salt (e.g. magnesium carbonate) in an amount of 0,05 to 0,15 parts by weight may also be added to the composition to obtain a clear gel.  Methods of preparing the individual constituents are described and examples of the preparation of edible gels given which in addition contain sugar and flavouring.ALSO:An aqueous gel is prepared for producing edible products such as fruit jams and jellies, jelled salads and broths, water jelly desserts and candy jellies, by adding to hot or cold water 1.5 to 5.0 parts by weight (based on the aqueous medium employed) of a water soluble salt of alginic acid (e.g. the alginate of ammonium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and alginate of organic bases such as mono-, di-, or triethanolamine or aniline) 0.2 to 0.6 parts calcium carbonate, 0.5 to 3.0 parts sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.25 to 4.0 parts fumaric and/or adipic acid.  A magnesium salt (e.g. magnesium carbonate) in an amount of 0.05 to 0.15 parts by weight may also be added to the composition to obtain a clear gel. Methods of preparing the individual constituents are described and examples of the preparation of edible gels given which in addition contain sugar and flavouring.
AUGMENTIN ES-600 Powder for Oral Suspension should be taken every 12 hours with a meal or snack to reduce the possibility of gastrointestinal upset. If diarrhea develops and is severe or lasts more than 2 or 3 days, call your doctor.

Diarrhea is a common problem caused by antibiotics which usually ends when the antibiotic is discontinued. Sometimes after starting treatment with antibiotics, patients can develop watery and bloody stools (with or without stomach cramps and fever) even as late as 2 or more months after having taken the last dose of the antibiotic. If this occurs, patients should contact their physician as soon as possible.

Keep suspension refrigerated. Shake well before using. When dosing a child with the suspension (liquid) of AUGMENTIN ES-600 Powder for Oral Suspension, use a dosing spoon or medicine dropper. Be sure to rinse the spoon or dropper after each use. Bottles of suspension of AUGMENTIN ES-600 Powder for Oral Suspension may contain more liquid than required. Follow your doctor’s instructions about the amount to use and the days of treatment your child requires. Discard any unused medicine.

Patients should be counseled that antibacterial drugs, including AUGMENTIN ES-600 Powder for Oral Suspension, should only be used to treat bacterial infections. They do not treat viral infections (e.g., the common cold). When AUGMENTIN ES-600 Powder for Oral Suspension is prescribed to treat a bacterial infection, patients should be told that although it is common to feel better early in the course of therapy, the medication should be taken exactly as directed. Skipping doses or not completing the full course of therapy may: (1) decrease the effectiveness of the immediate treatment, and (2) increase the likelihood that bacteria will develop resistance and will not be treatable by AUGMENTIN ES-600 Powder for Oral Suspension or other antibacterial drugs in the future.
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of a newly developed point-of-care analyzer, the CytoTracker, to measure complete blood count (CBC) parameters. The CytoTracker results will be compared to those from a standard benchtop analyzer (Horiba Point of Care Hematology Analyzer, ABX Micros ES 60). If successful, the data from this study would be used to support a pre-submission meeting to the FDA for the CytoTracker. In addition to validating the CytoTracker, the project will study the use of CBC parameters to distinguish between observed bacterial or viral infections in adults. Hospitalized adult subjects with suspected or confirmed viral or bacterial infections will be enrolled in the study. After enrollment a venous blood sample (baseline sample) will be collected and the CytoTracker will be used to measure CBC parameters (cell counts and population distribution). Clinical data will be abstracted from the medical record and used with the CBC parameters to develop an algorithm to distinguish between bacterial and viral infections.
Verkazia (cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion) 0.1% is packaged in low-density polyethylene single-dose vials. Each vial contains 0.3 mL fill; 5 vials are packaged in an aluminum pouch; 24 pouches are packaged in a box of 120 vials.

The entire contents of each box of 120 vials must be dispensed intact.

120 Single-Dose Vials 0.3 mL each — NDC 65086-001-12

Storage: Do not freeze Verkazia. Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). After opening the aluminum pouch, the single-dose vial should be kept in the pouch to protect from light and avoid evaporation. Any opened individual single-dose vial with any remaining emulsion should be discarded immediately after use.
Cutaneous signs and symptoms such as erythema, scaling, dryness, and stinging/burning were reported with use of adapalene gel. These were most likely to occur during the first four weeks of treatment, were mostly mild to moderate in intensity, and usually lessened with continued use of the medication. Depending upon the severity of these side effects, patients should be instructed to either use a moisturizer, reduce the frequency of application of adapalene gel or discontinue use.

Avoid application to cuts, abrasions, eczematous or sunburned skin. As with other retinoids, use of “waxing” as a depilatory method should be avoided on skin treated with adapalene.

As adapalene gel has the potential to induce local irritation in some patients, concomitant use of other potentially irritating topical products (medicated or abrasive soaps and cleansers, soaps and cosmetics that have a strong drying effect and products with high concentrations of alcohol, astringents, spices, or lime) should be approached with caution.
In multiple-dose clinical trials in patients with COPD, FORADIL AEROLIZER 12 mcg was shown to provide onset of significant bronchodilation (defined as 15% or greater increase from baseline in FEV1) within 5 minutes of oral inhalation after the first dose. Bronchodilation was maintained for at least 12 hours.

FORADIL AEROLIZER was studied in two pivotal, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multi-center, parallel-group trials in a total of 1634 adult patients (age range: 34-88 years; mean age: 63 years) with COPD who had a mean FEV1 that was 46% of predicted. The diagnosis of COPD was based upon a prior clinical diagnosis of COPD, a smoking history (greater than 10 pack-years), age (at least 40 years), spirometry results (prebronchodilator baseline FEV1 less than 70% of the predicted value, and at least 0.75 liters, with the FEV1/VC being less than 88% for men and less than 89% for women), and symptom score (greater than zero on at least four of the seven days prior to randomization). These studies included approximately equal numbers of patients with and without baseline bronchodilator reversibility, defined as a 15% or greater increase FEV1 after inhalation of 200 mcg of albuterol sulfate. A total of 405 patients received FORADIL AEROLIZER 12 mcg, administered twice daily. Each trial compared FORADIL AEROLIZER 12 mcg twice daily and FORADIL AEROLIZER 24 mcg twice daily with placebo and an active control drug. The active control drug was ipratropium bromide in COPD Trial A, and slow-release theophylline in COPD Trial B (the theophylline arm in this study was open-label). The treatment period was 12 weeks in COPD Trial A, and 12 months in COPD Trial B.

The results showed that FORADIL AEROLIZER 12 mcg twice daily resulted in significantly greater post-dose bronchodilation (as measured by serial FEV1 for 12 hours post-dose; the primary efficacy analysis) compared to placebo when evaluated after 12 weeks of treatment in both trials, and after 12 months of treatment in the 12-month trial (COPD Trial B). Compared to FORADIL AEROLIZER 12 mcg twice daily, FORADIL AEROLIZER 24 mcg twice daily did not provide any additional benefit on a variety of endpoints including FEV1.

Mean FEV1 measurements after 12 weeks of treatment for one of the two major efficacy studies are shown in the figure below.

Figure 3 Mean FEV1 after 12 Weeks of treatment from COPD Trial A

FORADIL AEROLIZER 12 mcg twice daily was statistically superior to placebo at all post-dose timepoints tested (from 5 minutes to 12 hours post-dose) throughout the 12-week (COPD Trial A) and 12-month (COPD Trial B) treatment periods.

In both pivotal trials compared with placebo, patients treated with FORADIL AEROLIZER 12 mcg demonstrated improved morning pre-medication peak expiratory flow rates and took fewer puffs of rescue albuterol.
The participants of the active control group, underwent an exercise program based on conventional exercises, such as strengthening of the major muscle groups of the trunk, resistance exercises for the upper and lower limbs and body weight support treadmill exercise. All participants of the active control group performed the specific types of exercises individually, as opposed with the experimental group which was organized as a group training. Controls performed the specific type exercises once a week, for 12 consecutive weeks.
In all instances where the use of melphalan hydrochloride for injection is considered for chemotherapy, the physician must evaluate the need and usefulness of the drug against the risk of adverse events. Melphalan should be used with extreme caution in patients whose bone marrow reserve may have been compromised by prior irradiation or chemotherapy or whose marrow function is recovering from previous cytotoxic therapy. 

Dose reduction should be considered in patients with renal insufficiency receiving IV melphalan. In one trial, increased bone marrow suppression was observed in patients with BUN levels ≥30 mg/dL. A 50% reduction in the IV melphalan dose decreased the incidence of severe bone marrow suppression in the latter portion of this study. 

Administration of live vaccines to immunocompromised patients should be avoided.
Participants will receive 24 sessions (3 times a week) of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation concurrent with working memory training. Stimulation will be administered at 2 milliamps (mA) for 20 minutes over the left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex.
PURPOSE:To provide a new compound having high safety and excellent metallic ion sequestering activity, free from environmental pollution problem to enable the use as a builder for cleaning, etc., and useful also as an anticariogenic agent because of its excellent calculus deposition preventing activity, etc. CONSTITUTION:The compound of formula I [G is sugar residue having reducing terminal; OX is substituent on the reducing terminal of the sugar; OY is substituent on a site other than the reducing terminal of the sugar; (n) is >=1; (m) is 0 or >=1; n+m is number corresponding to the number of hydroxyl groups other than the reducing terminals of the sugar an existing in the sugar corresponding to G; X and Y are 1-22C alkyl or acyl having 1-22C alkyl; Z is group of formula II (R<1> is H, neutralized carboxyl, etc.; R<2> and R<3> are H or 1-8C alkyl; M is salt-forming cation)]. The compound can be produced by reacting a reducing sugar derivative of formula III (e.g. alpha-methylglycoside) with an alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid of formula IV (R<1> is H, carboxyl, etc.) (preferably maleic acid, etc.) in a reactive solvent in the presence of a basic catalyst.
Objectives: The radiographic assessment of the head is a crucial part of headache care. A computed tomography (CT) scan enables a more detailed analysis of the condition and more focused care. This study examined head CT scans to determine what kinds of anomalies were present in patients with headaches as their primary complaint. Methods: We evaluated 4 years' worth of CT scan data from head exams conducted at two diagnostic facilities in Ghana's western and central regions. We examined data on 477 patients with a headache as their primary complaint between January 2017 and December 2020. We employed chi-square and Fisher's exact tests (where applicable) to compare head CT diagnoses between age groups, gender, headache subtypes, and brain lesion subgroups. Results: There were 53.5% (n = 255) females and 46.5% (n = 222) males in the study. The average age of patients was 38.67 ± 17.23 years, with an annual rate of abnormal CT diagnoses ranging from 35.9% in 2017 to 45.4% in 2022. Abnormal head CT diagnoses are strongly correlated with age groups and patient gender (p = 0.011 and p = 0.009, respectively). Of the 202 patients, 15.3% and 24.3% were classified as intracranial lesions and extracranial lesions, respectively. Maxillary sinusitis affected nearly 60% of the patients, while tumors and hemorrhages affected 25.2% and 11.9%, respectively. Conclusions: A CT scan of the head is essential to detect abnormalities in nearly 50% of patients suffering from various degrees of headache. Sinusitis, brain tumors, and hemorrhage were common lesions detected. It is crucial to create local standard operating procedures to promote better utilization of this type of imaging service, particularly among patients who have been diagnosed with headaches.
1,148,427. Substituted piperidines. BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM G.m.b.H. 26 Jan., 1968 [26 Jan., 1967], No. 4319/68. Heading C2C. Novel compounds of the skeletal formula wherein R 1  is an alkyl group with 1-3 carbon atoms, R 2  represents a hydrogen, chlorine, or bromine atom or a methyl or methoxy group, are prepared by reacting compounds of the skeletal formula in which R 1  is as defined above, with a 4-chlorobutyrophenone of skeletal formula in which R 2  is as defined above, to produce the desired compounds, which, if desired, can then be converted into the acid addition salts thereof. Pharmaceutical compositions containing the above compounds which show a strong analgesic activity without a substantial addictive effect, are administered orally, rectally or parenterally.
Method for improving athletic energy and/or endurance in a human comprising administering to a human a malt extract comprising active or denatured enzymes selected from amylases, maltases, cellulases, fructanases, glucanases, xylanases, and deacetylases. The extract may additionally comprise active or denatured proteinases and/or lipases, maltose, maltotriose, and maltose polymers. The malt may be extracted from the seeds of barely, wheat, triticale, sorghum, maize, buck wheat, or rice. The daily dose of malt extract is 0.0001-1.0 g per 1000 g human body weight. The diastatic power of the malt extract is above 35 degrees Lintner. Also disclosed is a denatured malt extract comprising enzymes selected from amylases, maltases, cellulases, fructanases, glucanases, xylanases, deacetylases, where all enzymes are denatured. The malt extract may additionally comprise denatured proteinases and/or lipases, maltose, maltotriose, and maltose polymers. The denatured malt extract may be extracted from the seeds of barely, wheat, triticale, sorghum, maize, buck wheat, and rice. Also disclosed is a method for improving athletic energy/endurance in a human subjected wherein the human amylase activity in urine is less than 100 IU/L.
BACKGROUND: Amusement arcades are one of the most popular entertainment venues for young people, but excessive noise levels inside them could harm young people's hearing. The aim of this study is to assess the characteristics and risk of noise exposure for young people in amusement arcades and understand their knowledge of and attitudes towards safe listening.
METHODS: In this study, noise measurement was conducted in five large amusement arcades to collect 40 noise samples. At the same time, questionnaires were used in each amusement arcade to investigate young players' social information, subjective perception, and cognition of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL).
RESULTS: The level of the noise samples ranged from 83.05 to 89.4 dBA. There are significant differences in noise levels between amusement arcades (P < 0.05), but there is no significant difference in noise levels between different games (P > 0.05). The subjective questionnaire survey shows that 61.9% of young people feel that the sound of video games is noisy or very noisy, but it is worth noting that 63.5% of them do not know or think that noise will not cause hearing loss, and 39.7% of people will choose to do nothing to help them endure the noise in such an environment. For safe listening, young people are more inclined to choose measures to stay in quiet areas and reduce the volume of game devices.
CONCLUSIONS: The noise levels in most amusement arcades have exceeded the exposure limits recommended by the Environment Protection Agency (EPA); subjective questionnaires also indicate that internal noise levels may cause hearing loss, and young customers did not know enough about safe listening. For young people's hearing safety, these issues need more attention.
For intervention group, principal investigator will assess subject health care needs prior to intervention. Two extra sessions, 20 minutes, face to face, individual self-management education with aid of computer, track log sheet will be provided to intervention group. Concept of motivational interviewing will be incorporated as complement teaching strategy to facilitate self-management learning. Principal investigator will be responsible to deliver burn self-management education upon discharge. Intervention group will receive "Rehabilitation Booklet for Burn Patients" upon discharge. After discharge, only intervention group subject receives two sessions, 10 minutes, telephone follow up calls and five personalized chat-based messaging follow up will be provided. Besides that, self-management education information will be delivered to intervention group via instant messaging service as well.