anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Observational and genetic studies suggest that high levels of lipoprotein(a) (Lp\[a\]) increase the risk of calcific aortic valve stenosis (AVS). With the advancements of novel, specific therapies targeting Lp(a), there has been a growing need for clinical trials evaluating the effect of Lp(a) lowering in AVS. Requirement of longer follow-up time, selection of target populations and estimation of effect size are challenging issues for conducting clinical trials in AVS, and previous trials of statin therapy, which included patients with mild to moderate AVS, showed no significant effect of lowering LDL-cholesterol on the progression of AVS. Although post hoc analyses of previous statin trials showed that elevated levels of Lp(a) was associated with faster AVS progression, Lp(a) was associated with initiation but not with progression of AV calcification in a population-based study including 922 individuals. Because of a critical logistical challenge to randomized trials focusing the pre-calcific stages of AV disease, a clinical trial testing the progression of preexisting AVS is more feasible. The Lp(a)FRONTIERS CAVS trial (Assessing the Impact of Lipoprotein(a) Lowering with Pelacarsen (TQJ230) on the Progression of Calcific AVS; NCT05646381) will determine if pelacarsen can slow down the progression of AVS in patients with mild to moderate calcific AVS compared to placebo. To ensure adequate power to test the hypothesis of the ongoing Lp(a)FRONTIERS CAVS trial, it is important to estimate differences in progression of AS according to Lp(a) levels. However, such information is lacking and a well-designed prospective observational study is needed to directly compare progression of AS between the target population (patients with Lp(a) \>70 mg/dL) of the Lp(a)FRONTIERS CAVS trial and control population (patients with mild to moderate AS and Lp(a) \<30 mg/dL).

Investigators' prospective registry, started in 2001 at Asan Medical Center, has included all consecutive patients with measurements of Lp(a) and echocardiographic diagnosis of AVS. A total of 1381 patients underwent measurement of Lp(a) and had a diagnosis of mild to moderate, degenerative AVS between 2001 and 2020. Of the 1381 patients, 831 had Lp(a) level \>70 mg/dL and 186 had Lp(a) level \< 30 mg/dL. To reduce the effect of bias and potential confounding in this observational study, investigators performed rigorous adjustment for the differences in baseline characteristics using propensity-score matching. The propensity-score matched pairs were created by matching patients with Lp(a) \>70 mg/dL and those with Lp(a) \< 30 mg/dL in a 1:1 ratio. The primary cohort comprised 182 propensity-score matched pairs. The primary objective is to test the hypothesis that, compared with patients with Lp(a) \< 30 mg/dL, those with Lp(a) \>70 mg/dL have a faster progression of AVS in a propensity-matched cohort of patients with mild to moderate AVS. Investigators also try to evaluate interactions between Lp(a) groups and baseline clinical and echocardiographic variables for progression of AVS.
Although it is clear that loss of ovarian function plays a major role in the menopause in women, there is evidence from animal studies that primary age-related hypothalamic and pituitary changes may also contribute to reproductive aging. Complete cessation of ovarian function results in the loss of negative feedback of ovarian steroids and inhibin on the hypothalamic and pituitary components of the reproductive axis. An increase in serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) occurs in postmenopausal women with removal of negative ovarian feedback. However, levels of LH and FSH after menopause decline steadily as a function of age in most though not all studies.

The current study is designed to determine: 1) whether negative feedback on LH and FSH occurs at the pituitary; and 2) whether there is an effect of aging on estrogen negative feedback at the pituitary. Younger and older postmenopausal women underwent a baseline study and a second identical study after a month of low dose estrogen replacement. The study protocol consisted of the following: 1) administration of a GnRH antagonist (Nal-Glu at 150 mg/kg that blocks endogenous GnRH so that the dose and interval of pituitary exposure to GnRH are precisely controlled; 2) beginning 8 hours following GnRH antagonist administration (at a time when LH had reached its nadir following GnRH receptor blockade), administration of 4 graded doses of GnRH (25, 75, 250 and 750 ng/kg every 2 hours with 2 hours of blood draws following each dose). Blood was sampled every 30 min for 4 hours before antagonist administration, every 30 min for the following 7 hours and then every 10 min until the completion of the study.
Recurrent seizures lead to accumulation of the activity-dependent transcription factor ∆FosB in hippocampal dentate granule cells in both mouse models of epilepsy and mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is also associated with increased incidence of seizures. In patients with AD and related mouse models, the degree of ∆FosB accumulation corresponds with increasing severity of cognitive deficits. We previously found that ∆FosB impairs spatial memory in mice by epigenetically regulating expression of target genes such as calbindin that are involved in synaptic plasticity. However, the suppression of calbindin in conditions of neuronal hyperexcitability has been demonstrated to provide neuroprotection to dentate granule cells, indicating that ∆FosB may act over long timescales to coordinate neuroprotective pathways. To test this hypothesis, we used viral-mediated expression of ∆JunD to interfere with ∆FosB signaling over the course of several months in transgenic mice expressing mutant human amyloid precursor protein (APP), which exhibit spontaneous seizures and develop AD-related neuropathology and cognitive deficits. Our results demonstrate that persistent ∆FosB activity acts through discrete modes of hippocampal target gene regulation to modulate neuronal excitability, limit recurrent seizure activity, and provide neuroprotection to hippocampal dentate granule cells in APP mice.
This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled crossover study. After obtaining informed consent, healthy, middle-aged adults with a larger waist circumference (n=30/probiotic cross with n=90 total/study) will be randomized to one of four groups: Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, or placebo. Participants will consume 1 capsule per day of probiotic or placebo for 6 weeks. After a 4-week washout period, participants will be crossed to the other treatment (i.e., probiotic to placebo or placebo to probiotic).

Participants will complete daily questionnaires throughout the intervention period, and one week before and after each intervention period. Blood samples will be collected at the baseline and final time points (±3 days) of each intervention. Stool samples will be collected during the pre-baseline and final weeks of each intervention. Dietary intake will be assessed weekly during each intervention period. Gastrointestinal symptoms and physical activity questionnaires will be completed weekly during each intervention period and also the weeks before and after each intervention period.
This group received 2,5 mg/mL concentration of Indocyanine Green (Aurogreen®, Aurolab, Tamil Nadu, India). Indocyanine Green (ICG) is being diluted with 5 mL dextrose 5%. The research assistant take 0,5 mL ICG using 1 mL syringe using filter that originated from the Aurogreen package. The ICG in the syringe is added with 0,5 mL Dextrose 5%.
PURPOSE:The titled composition capable of rinsing directly the hair by taking it by the plam of the hand, showing improved rinsing effect, obtained by blending a quaternary ammonium salt with a specific ether without using an existing ordinary thickening agent. CONSTITUTION:A quaternay ammonium salt shown by the formula I (R1 is 14- 22C alkyl; R2-4 are 1-4C alkyl or 1-3C hydroxyalkyl; x is halogen) is blended with 15-40wt% based on total amount, preferably 21-28wt% compound shown by the formula II (R5-6 are alkyl; n=1-5 integer; R5 and R6 have 14-25C in total), to give the titled composition. A weight ratio of the compound shown by the formula I to the composition shown by the formula II is (1/3)-(1/1), preferably (1/2.6)-(1/1.2). Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, etc. may be cited as the compound shown by the formula I , and polyoxyethylene(3)2-hexyldecyl ether, etc. as the compound shown by the formula II.
OBJECTIVES: Concurrent anomalies are often found in nasopharyngeal stenosis and choanal atresia; some seem to be of primary nature, whereas others may be coincidental. This study aimed to report the computed tomography features and related comorbidities of these diseases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed using case and control groups defined according to the presence of signs of upper airway disease and the presence/absence of nasopharyngeal stenosis, respectively. The inclusion criteria were full-head tomography scans and access to clinical records. The exclusion criteria were brachycephalic breed, head trauma and neoplasm. Clinical and computed tomographic findings and relevant comorbidities were recorded.
RESULTS: Forty-three cats were included, 23 cases and 20 controls. The case group was significantly younger, had more paranasal sinus anomalies and never had turbinate lysis, also, had significantly more soft palate anomalies, which was significantly shorter. Nasopharyngeal stenosis varied from membrane appearance to partial or complete adhesion of the soft palate to the nasopharynx, was mainly located in the caudal region of the nasopharynx and was imperforated in approximately half of the cases. Imperforated membranes were significantly thicker in the sagittal plane and were significantly associated with nasal obstruction and soft tissue attenuation of the tympanic bulla. Hiatal hernia and ventricular asymmetry were only encountered in three and two cases, respectively, with nasopharyngeal stenosis.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Computed tomography in cats with nasopharyngeal stenosis can identify concurrent anomalies, can help to differentiate a possible choanal atresia and evaluate the magnitude of its significance.
Women typically have less muscle mass and more fat mass than men, while at the same time possessing similar or even greater whole-body insulin sensitivity. Our study aimed to investigate the molecular factors in primarily adipose tissue, but also in skeletal muscle, contributing to this sex difference. In healthy, moderately active premenopausal women and men with normal weight (28 ± 5 and 23 ± 3 years old; BMI 22.2 ± 1.9 and 23.7 ± 1.7) and in healthy, recreationally active women and men with overweight (32.2 ± 6 and 31.0 ± 5 years old; BMI 29.8 ± 4.3 & 30.9 ± 3.7) matched at age, BMI, and fitness level, we assessed insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance with a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp or oral glucose tolerance test and studied subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle samples with western blotting. Additionally, we traced glucose-stimulated glucose disposal in adipose tissues of female and male C57BL/6J littermate mice aged 16 weeks and measured glucose metabolic proteins. Our findings revealed greater protein expression related to glucose disposal in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (AKT2, insulin receptor, glucose transport 4) and skeletal muscle (hexokinase II, pyruvate dehydrogenase) in women compared to matched men with normal weight and with overweight. This increased protein capacity for glucose uptake extended to white adipose tissues of mice accompanied with ~2-fold greater glucose uptake compared to male mice. Furthermore, even in the obese state, women displayed better glucose tolerance than matched men, despite having 46% body fat and 20 kg less lean mass. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the superior potential for glucose disposal in female subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, driven by greater expression of various glucose metabolic proteins, compensates for their lower muscle mass. This likely explains women's superior glucose tolerance and tissue insulin sensitivity compared to men.
Canagliflozin 100 mg/matching placebo once-daily during first 12 weeks. At Week 13, participants who have glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of greater than or equal to (\>=)7.0 percent (%), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \>=60 milliliter/minute/1.73 meter square (mL/min/1.73 m\^2) will be re-randomized to either remain on canagliflozin 100 mg/matching placebo or up-titrate to canagliflozin 300 mg/matching placebo till Week 52.
OBJECTIVE: The clinical course of interictal psychosis (IIP) has not yet been investigated. We aimed to compared the psychopathology and time-relevant indices between chronic IIP (CIIP) and schizophrenia (SC) METHODS: In this comprehensive psychopathological study, patients with chronic psychosis with and without epilepsy (127 with CIIP and 187 with SC) were compared. Psychopathology was measured using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS): total, negative symptoms (NSs), positive symptoms (PSs), and anxiety-depressive symptoms (ADSs). Time-relevant indices included age at the time of evaluation, age at the onset of psychosis, and duration of psychosis. The psychopathology of psychosis types and time-relevant indices were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis of covariance.
RESULTS: Age at the time of evaluation was significantly correlated with NS, and ADS scores. Age-relevant trajectories significantly interacted with psychosis types. As age advanced, patients with SC exhibited increased scores, whereas patients with CIIP often exhibited decreased (or unchanged) scores. Age at onset of psychosis was significantly correlated with NS and ADS outcomes in patients with CIIP, whereas it was not correlated in patients with SC. There were significant interactions between age at onset and psychosis types. Patients with early-onset CIIP exhibited higher NS and lower ADS scores, whereas patients with SC exhibited no particular trajectory. The duration of psychosis significantly interacted with the psychosis types in the BPRS total, NSs and PSs. As duration increased, patients with CIIP exhibited no significant relationship, whereas patients with SC exhibited significantly higher psychotic scores.
CONCLUSION: Psychopathological courses differ between patients with CIIP and SC. Although patients with SC often exhibit deteriorations in psychotic symptoms, patients with CIIP exhibit no distinct deterioration. These findings can contribute psychiatric nosology, treatment strategies, and prediction outcomes.
AIM: The purpose of this study is to assess US operative trends and outcomes of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients undergoing total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (TPC-IPAA) or completion proctectomy with IPAA (CP-IPAA).
METHODS: Adult UC patients who underwent TPC-IPAA or CP-IPAA were analysed retrospectively using the 2016-2020 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Factors associated with 30-day overall and serious morbidity were identified using multivariable logistic regression.
RESULTS: A total of 1696 patients were identified, with 958 patients (56.5%) undergoing TPC-IPAA and 738 (43.5%) undergoing CP-IPAA. A greater proportion of TPC-IPAAs were performed each year (except in 2019) compared to CP-IPAAs over the study period (P trend <0.001). Unadjusted analysis showed comparable rates of overall (20.8% vs. 24.4%, P = 0.076) and serious morbidity (14.3% vs. 12.7%, P = 0.352) between TPC-IPAA and CP-IPAA patients. Robotic TPC-IPAA had no differences in complications compared to laparoscopic and open approaches. Robotic CP-IPAA had higher anastomotic leak rates and longer hospital length of stay compared to laparoscopic and open approaches. Obesity was associated with increased odds of overall and serious morbidity for patients who underwent TPC-IPAA. Steroid/immunosuppressive therapy was associated with increased odds of overall and serious morbidity for patients who underwent CP-IPAA.
CONCLUSIONS: Obese patients should be informed of their increased morbidity risk and offered counselling on weight loss prior to surgery when feasible. Patients on steroid/immunosuppressive therapy within 30 days preoperatively should not undergo CP-IPAA or should delay surgery until they can be safely off those medications.
The application discloses a monoclonal antibody specifically binding to coxsackievirus A6 and application thereof. The monoclonal antibody comprises a light chain and a heavy chain, wherein the amino acid sequence of a complementarity determining region HCDR1 of the heavy chain is shown as SEQ ID No. 2; the amino acid sequence of the complementarity determining region HCDR2 of the heavy chain is shown in SEQ ID No. 5; the amino acid sequence of the complementarity determining region HCDR3 of the heavy chain is shown in SEQ ID No. 8; the amino acid sequence of the complementarity determining region LCDR1 of the light chain is shown in SEQ ID No. 11; the amino acid sequence of the complementarity determining region LCDR2 of the light chain is AAT; the amino acid sequence of the complementarity determining region LCDR3 of the light chain is shown in SEQ ID No. 14. The monoclonal antibody has good specificity and sensitivity and virus neutralization capability, and has great potential in virus identification, diagnosis, treatment and multivalent vaccine development.
Participants receive 1 of 6 possible standard chemotherapy regimens: mFOLFOX6, or mFOLFOX6+bevacizumab 5 mg/kg IV on Day 1 of each 2-week cycle, or mFOLFOX6+cetuximab 400 mg/m\^2 IV over 2 hours then 250 mg/m\^2 over 1 hour weekly in each 2-week cycle, or FOLFIRI, or FOLFIRI+bevacizumab 5 mg/kg IV on Day 1 of each 2-week cycle, or FOLFIRI+cetuximab 400 mg/m\^2 IV over 2 hours then 250 mg/m\^2 over 1 hour weekly in each 2-week cycle. Participants with documented disease progression following chemotherapy can crossover to receive pembrolizumab for up to 35 cycles (approximately 2 years). Participants that have stopped pembrolizumab and have stable disease but progress after discontinuation can initiate a second course of pembrolizumab for up to 17 cycles (approximately 1 year additional).
Rilonacept loading dose of 4.4 mg/kg/week followed by maintenance dose of 2.2 mg/kg/week. Total duration of the study 24 months. Maintenance dose could be escalated to 4.4 mg/kg/week or further to 6.6 mg/kg/week for 3 months only.
###  Teratogenic Effects: Pregnancy Category B 

Recent information strongly suggests that abnormal blood glucose levels during pregnancy are associated with a higher incidence of congenital abnormalities. Most experts recommend that insulin be used during pregnancy to maintain blood glucose as close to normal as possible. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets should not be used during pregnancy unless clearly needed. (See below.)

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women with Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets or its individual components. No animal studies have been conducted with the combined products in Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets. The following data are based on findings in studies performed with the individual products.
From 60 patients who were on a HD program in a HD center in a referral hospital, fifty one individuals were included into the study. Patients on maintenance hemodialysis, for at least 12 hours per weeks were included into the study. But, patients with symptomatic CVD, AV fistula on both arms, acute deteriorating states and any recent major trauma or patients who refused measurements were excluded. No change in their current medication was administered. All patients were on maintenance HD for at least 12 months and were assumed as good volume controlled. Dialysis protocol with a mean sp KT/V = 1.4/ session, using Bicarbonate dialysate, dialysate flow rate = 500cc /min was applied by Fresenius B 4008machine. BP was measured using a validated automated device (Omron-HBP1300). Pulse wave analysis was performed using the SphygmoCor (Sydney, Atcor Medical®,2005) to assess Augmentation Index (AIx) as a surrogate for arterial stiffness, as well as several hemodynamic measures at the recruitment and repeated in alive individuals after 5 years of follow-up. Similarly Echocardiography was employed at the beginnings and repeated at the end of the study by EKO 7 Cardiovascular Ultrasound System (Samsung Medison©). A single observerwas responsible for each series of measurements, double checked.
A portable device inspects and identifies a pill or number of pills by analyzing the appearance of the pills. The device includes an imaging area and a digital camera for capturing an image of a batch of pills. The device includes a microprocessor and memory. A comprehensive reference pill database is stored in the memory. The pills are preferably identified by matching the appearance of each pill to a reference image or to related characteristics stored in the reference database. The device displays the relevant pill information. The reference pill database preferable also includes any other pill-related information that may be relevant to apatient, such a drug interaction information and special intake instructions. The device may also maintain patient database, including a historical record of pill identification sessions and prescription information.
SCOPE: Early diabetic retinopathy (DR) is characterized by chronic inflammation, excessive oxidative stress, and retinal microvascular damage. Syringaresinol (SYR), as a natural polyphenolic compound, has been proved to inhibit many disease progression due to its antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties. The present study focuses on exploring the effect of SYR on hyperglycemia-induced early DR as well as the underlying mechanisms.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Wild-type (WT) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-knockout C57BL/6 mice of type 1 diabetes and high glucose (HG)-induced RF/6A cells are used as in vivo and in vitro models, respectively. This study finds that SYR protects the retinal structure and function in diabetic mice and reduces the permeability and apoptosis of HG-treated RF/6A cells. Meanwhile, SYR distinctly mitigates inflammation and oxidative stress in vivo and vitro. The retinal microvascular damages are suppressed by SYR via downregulating hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. Whereas, SYR-provided protective effects are diminished in Nrf2-knockout mice, indicating that SYR improves DR progression by activating Nrf2. Similarly, SYR cannot exert protective effects against HG-induced oxidative stress and endothelial injury in small interfering RNA (siRNA)-Nrf2-transfected RF/6A cells.
CONCLUSION: In summary, SYR suppresses oxidative stress via activating Nrf2 antioxidant pathway, which ameliorates retinal microvascular damage by downregulating HIF-1α/VEGF, thereby alleviating early DR progression.