anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Dillenia indica (Linn.) has been reported by several biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-hyperglycemic, antiproliferative, antimutagenic, anticholinesterase, and antimicrobial. In Brazilian traditional medicine, the fruits of D. indica have been used to treat general topical pain and inflammation, but with no scientific validation. Thus, aiming to study its chemical constitution and antinociceptive properties, the crude extract (CE) and fractions obtained from the fruits of D. indica were submitted to an in vivo pharmacological evaluation and a dereplication study by LC-MS/MS analysis, assisted by the Global Natural Product Social Molecular Networking (GNPS). The oral antinociceptive activity of the fruits of D. indica and the possible participation of the opioid and cannabinoid systems were demonstrated in the formalin-induced nociception model. The chemical dereplication study led us to identify several known chemical constituents, including flavonoids, such as caffeoylmalic acid, naringenin, quercetin, and kaempferol. According to literature data, our results are compatible with significant antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, the flavonoid constituents of the fruits of D. indica are probably responsible for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive effects mediated by both opioid and cannabinoid systems, confirming its folk use in the treatment and relief of pain.
PURPOSE:To obtain the title lyophilized preparation containing a nonvolatile acid and/or salt thereof, having excellent storage stability and improved in redissolution. CONSTITUTION:(A) 6-(3-Dimethylaminopropionyl)forskolin or salts thereof expected as a treating agent of circulatory disease such as cardiac failure, (B) nonvolatile acid such as phosphoric acid, 6C oxycarboxylic acid (e.g. citric acid) or 4C dicarboxylic acid (e.g. cinnamic acid) and/or salt thereof and, as necessary, (C) saccharides, e.g. xylitol or maltose are dissolved in a solution for injection and, as necessary, pH of the mixed solution is controlled to 3-6, especially 3.5-5.0 by NaOH, etc., to afford an aqueous solution containing 5-50mg ingredient A, 5-20mg ingredient B and 0-100mg ingredient C per ml. Then the above-mentioned aqueous solution is frozen at -35--50 deg.C and then water is evaporated under reduced pressure to provide the objective lyophilized preparation. Each ingredient in the preparation is preferably contained at a ratio of the ingredient A of 30-60%, ingredient B of 5-25% and ingredient C of 20-50%.
The invention relates to the technical field of medicines, and in particular relates to a teriparatide sustained-release microsphere and a preparation method thereof. The teriparatide sustained-release microsphere comprises a teriparatide and a carrier, wherein the particle size of the teriparatide is 30 micrometers-50 micrometers; and the carrier is a mixture of one or two of polyester, starch, gelatin, Arabic gum, albumin, alginate and chitosan. The teriparatide microsphere is prepared by adjusting the constitution and molecular weight of the carrier and the medicine-loading rate and particle size of the microsphere according to the properties of the teriparatide. The prepared microsphere is stable in releasing and small in sudden releasing, the dose administration times can be reduced, the probability of infection is decreased, patients can conveniently take the microsphere, and the compliance of the patients is improved. Experiments show that the teriparatide has uniform particle size distribution, high encapsulation efficiency and large medicine-loading capacity. The sustained-release microsphere can be externally released for 10 days.
BACKGROUND: Disruption of intestinal barrier caused by intestinal ischemia due to hemorrhagic shock is associated with the pathogenesis of multiple organ dysfunction (MOD) after severe trauma. Mesenteric lymph (ML) plays an important role as a route for transporting inflammatory mediators, including lipids. Postbiotics, such as 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid (HYA), have received much attention as a treatment option. However, the relationship between postbiotics and MOD has yet to be clarified. The aim of the present study was to analyze lipid metabolites derived from gut microbiota in the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) rat model.
METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent laparotomy, and their ML duct and superior mesenteric artery were exposed. The superior mesenteric artery was clamped for 60 minutes, followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion. The ML and the plasma were collected before and after intestinal IR. Lipids were extracted from plasma and ML, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was performed.
RESULTS: The concentration of linoleic acid in plasma samples was not different before and after IR; however, the linoleic acid concentration in the ML samples increased after intestinal IR. Eicosapentaenoic acids and docosahexaenoic related to linoleic acids showed similar changes with IR-induced increase in the ML. The concentration of HYA, a linoleic acid-derived bioactive metabolite produced by gut bacteria, was high in ML samples, while that in plasma samples was low. The relative increase rate of HYA in ML samples after IR was higher than that of the plasma samples (the ML samples: relative increase, 3.23 ± 1.36; the plasma samples: relative increase, 0.95 ± 0.35; n = 3, p = 0.048).
CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated increased linoleic acids and high concentrations of HYA, lipid metabolites derived from gut bacteria in the ML after intestinal IR. These findings may contribute to clarifying the relation between gut microbiota and MOD after severe trauma.
High Dose Vitamin D3 capsule (3 x 10,000 IU capsules weekly). All subjects also received standard dose vitamin D3 (600 IU daily) and letrozole (2.5 mg daily).
Patients received myeloablative Allo-HSCT with platelet lower than 20G/L on +14d post-transplantation. Patient enrolled in TPO arm will recieved Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (rHTPO) treatment fro 14 days.
Marked alterations in the gut microbiome take place in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) that show an overgrowth of aerobic bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae, Halomonadaceae, Moraxellaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae and a decrease of anaerobic bacteria such as Lactobacillaceae and Prevotellaceae. These changes also occur after kidney transplantation. The dysbiotic microflora produces toxic compounds such as phenols, indoles, and amines that are absorbed through the intestinal mucosa and cause systemic toxicity. Compelling evidence showed the association of one of these compounds, p-cresol and of its main metabolite p-cresylsulfate, to cardiovascular risk and mortality in CKD. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies decreasing the generation or absorption of this uremic toxin are expected to have a favorable impact on the clinical course of the disease. In the present study, the effect of the synbiotic Probinul neutro® on p-cresol concentration in patients bearing a kidney allograft will be evaluated. Synbiotics are associations of prebiotics and probiotics. Probiotics are living microorganisms such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species that are administered to repopulate the gut with a "normal" microflora. Prebiotics are non-digestible food adjuncts that can be selectively fermented by probiotics or by normal intestinal microflora. In synbiotics the prebiotic and probiotic components synergize to restore the normal gut microflora. Indeed, the probiotic and prebiotic components of the synbiotic may both affect the gut microbiome through with different mechanisms. Probiotics contain bacteria that are part of the normal microbiome and are lowered in CKD such as anaerobes of Bifidobacterium sp. and facultative anaerobes of Lactobacillus sp. These bacterial species, unable to convert aromatic aminoacids into p-cresol, may replace by competition the p-cresol-producing bacteria of the dysbiotic microflora because of their ability to release substances toxic for the dysbiotic microflora such as the bacteriocins, and to activate innate and adaptive immunity. Prebiotics, instead, promote the growth of non-p-cresol producing commensal flora, including lactobacilli and bifidobacteria that selectively metabolize the oligosaccharides contained in prebiotic. The combined activity of pre- and probiotic is expected to reduce the production of p-cresol in the gut by decreasing the bacterial species generationg this compound. We recently showed that a short term treatment with Probinul neutro® causes, indeed, a decrease in p-cresol plasma levels in patients with satge III/IV CKD.
The present invention provides milkvetch root-amino acid transfusion which contains milkvetch root with bioactivity and amino acid capable of replenishing nutrients and energy. The present invention is characterized in that each bottle of the transfusion contains milkvetch root which is equivalent to 2 to 10g of crude medicine, and the rest is amino acid or other medicinal auxiliary material. Milkvetch root has high instability in a common solution, however, main active ingredients, such as astragaloside, etc. are stable in an amino acid solution which has various combined functions of integration, antioxidation, shielding, etc., just like in original plant corpora. Therefore, the milkvetch root-amino acid transfusion can be stored for 1 year at normal temperature and has the advantages of stable and reliable product and no stimulation. Compared with the existing milkvetch root transfusion, the present invention has stronger effects on qi supplementation, yang nourishing, blood circulation activation and blood stasis dissipation.
Hippocampal seizures mimicking mesial temporal lobe epilepsy cause a profound disruption of the adult neurogenic niche in mice. Seizures provoke neural stem cells to switch to a reactive phenotype (reactive neural stem cells, React-NSCs) characterized by multibranched hypertrophic morphology, massive activation to enter mitosis, symmetric division, and final differentiation into reactive astrocytes. As a result, neurogenesis is chronically impaired. Here, using a mouse model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, we show that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway is key for the induction of React-NSCs and that its inhibition exerts a beneficial effect on the neurogenic niche. We show that during the initial days after the induction of seizures by a single intrahippocampal injection of kainic acid, a strong release of zinc and heparin-binding epidermal growth factor, both activators of the EGFR signaling pathway in neural stem cells, is produced. Administration of the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib, a chemotherapeutic in clinical phase IV, prevents the induction of React-NSCs and preserves neurogenesis.
The evaluation of estimated GFR (eGFR) is a pivotal staging step in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and renal ultrasound plays an important role in diagnosis, prognosis and progression of CKD. The interaction between histopathological diagnosis and ultrasound parameters in eGFR determination has not been fully investigated yet. The study examined the results of native kidney biopsies performed in 48 Italian centers between 2012 and 2020. The primary goal was if and how the histopathological diagnosis influences the relationship between ultrasound parameters and eGFR. After exclusion of children, patients with acute kidney injury and patients without measure of kidney length or parenchymal thickness, 2795 patients have been selected for analysis. The median values were 52 years for patient age, 11 cm for bipolar kidney diameter, 16 mm for parenchymal thickness, 2.5 g/day for proteinuria and 70 ml/min/1.73 m2 for eGFR. The bipolar kidney diameter and the parenchymal thickness were directly related with eGFR values (R square 0.064). Diabetes and proteinuria were associated with a consistent reduction of eGFR, improving the adjusted R square up to 0.100. Addition of histopathological diagnosis in the model increased the adjusted R square to 0.216. There is a significant interaction between histopathological diagnosis and longitudinal kidney diameter (P 0.006). Renal bipolar length and parenchymal thickness are directly related with eGFR. The magnitude of proteinuria and histopathological kidney diagnosis are associated with eGFR. The relationship between kidney length and the level of eGFR depends on the nature of the kidney disease.
Participants (n= approximately 100 plus family members) who are randomized to the usual care arm will receive a friendly visit in the hospital from research personnel to ask if they have any questions or concerns. Follow up assessments and time windows will be explained. Importance of their participation in the study will be emphasized.
BACKGROUND: Dementia poses a significant global health challenge. Anthocyanins neutralize free radicals, modulate signaling pathways, inhibit pro-inflammatory genes, and suppress cytokine production and may thus have positive cognitive effects in people at increased risk of dementia. We aim to investigate the effects of purified anthocyanins on cognitive function in people at increased risk of dementia according to their inflammation status based on blood-based inflammatory biomarkers.
METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of a 24-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Cluster analysis was performed to categorize two groups based on their individual inflammatory biomarker profile using multiplex sandwich ELISA for the quantitative measurement of cytokines. Descriptive statistics and longitudinal models assessed cognitive outcomes. The primary comparison was the group difference at week 24 based on a modified intention-to-treat analysis.
RESULTS: Cluster analysis revealed two distinct inflammatory biomarker profiles. In Cluster 1 (high levels of inflammation biomarkers), anthocyanin treatment showed a statistically significant improvement on cognitive function compared to placebo at 24 weeks. No significant differences were observed in Cluster 2 (low levels of inflammation biomarkers). The demographic characteristics, cognitive scores, and biomarker distributions were similar between treatment groups at baseline. However, cluster 1 exhibited higher BMI, diabetes prevalence, medication usage, and lower HDL cholesterol levels.
CONCLUSION: Individuals with elevated levels of inflammation markers benefited from anthocyanin treatment to enhance cognitive performance, whereas those with lower levels did not. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of anthocyanins make them a promising intervention, and future prospective trials in people with increased inflammation are warranted.
MRI examinations will be performed on a 3 T GE MR750 W scanner. Two readers, an experienced neuroradiologist (8 years of experience in neuroradiology) and a junior radiologist (3 years of experience in general radiology) will independently analyze eSWAN and TOF images in random order, looking for arterial occlusions. Analysis will be based on a 2-point-scale: arterial occlusion, based on a local signal loss, or acceptable permeability.
Oxycodone 

In humans, oxycodone is extensively metabolized to noroxycodone by means of CYP3A-mediated N-demethylation, oxymorphone by means of CYP2D6-mediated O-demethylation, and their glucuronides [see PRECAUTIONS; Drug Interactions].

Acetaminophen 

Acetaminophen is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is distributed throughout most body tissues. A small fraction (10% to 25%) of acetaminophen is bound to plasma proteins. The plasma half-life is 1.25 to 3 hours, but may be increased by liver damage and following overdosage. Elimination of acetaminophen is principally by liver metabolism (conjugation) and subsequent renal excretion of metabolites. Acetaminophen is primarily metabolized in the liver by first-order kinetics and involves three principal separate pathways: conjugation with glucuronide; conjugation with sulfate; and oxidation via the cytochrome, P450-dependent, mixed-function oxidase enzyme pathway to form a reactive intermediate metabolite, which conjugates with glutathione and is then further metabolized to form cysteine and mercapturic acid conjugates. The principal cytochrome P450 isoenzyme involved appears to be CYP2E1, with CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 as additional pathways. Approximately 85% of an oral dose appears in the urine within 24 hours of administration, most as the glucuronide conjugate, with small amounts of other conjugates and unchanged drug [see OVERDOSAGE] for toxicity information.
Postpartum hemorrhage is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Carbetocin have been shown effective in the prevention of uterine atony, which is the leading cause of postpartum hemorrhage. The Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada recommends a single 100 mcg dose of carbetocin after elective cesarean delivery to prevent postpartum hemorrhage. However, there is no clear data in the literature regarding the lowest effective dose of carbetocin that should be administered. The use of the minimum effective dose of carbetocin may reduce its side effects, including hypotension, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting and flushing.

In this trial, healthy term pregnant women undergoing elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia will be recruited. The effective dose of carbetocin that will prevent postpartum uterine atony in 90% of the women (ED90) will be determined using a biased coin design up-down sequential allocation method. The determination of the carbetocin ED90 will help the anesthesiologist regarding the optimal dose of carbetocin to administer after elective cesarean delivery to prevent uterine atony.
The present disclosure provides selective Treg stimulator compositions of RUR20kD-IL-2 and related compositions. These selective Treg stimulator compositions are IL-2-PEG conjugate mixtures of defined heterogeneity. They are intended for low dose subcutaneous administration to selectively restore Treg homeostasis with minimal impact on other immune cells. Compositions of the present disclosure provide selective Treg stimulator RUR20kD-IL-2 and related compositions, for use in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and inflammatory disorders. These compositions induce durable responses in immune inflammatory disorders by activating and expanding antigen specific T regulatory cells. Treatment of autoimmune disorders with low dose subcutaneous administration of an RUR20kD-IL-2 composition may provide means to selectively restore Treg homeostasis, with minimal impact on conventional T cell function , thereby providing an alternative and/or improved approach to alleviate these disorders.
Three 1-gram placebo-fish oil capsules (2 in the morning, 1 evening) plus one 600 milligram placebo-lipoic acid per day. Placebo fish oil capsules consisted of soybean oil flavored with lemon flavor and 5% fish oil to match fish oil capsules. LA placebo contained no LA and the following excipients: lactose, hypromellose, silicon dioxide, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, povidone, corn starch, talc, and magnesium stearate.
PURPOSE:To enable easy and economic rejuvenation and life-prolongation, by infusing or injecting the blood, plasma, cell liquid, body fluid or the like of a young person into the body of a senile or adult person or transplanting hemopoietic marrow cell and endocrinic hormone-producing cell of young person to the corresponding parts of the body of a senile person. CONSTITUTION:A senile or adult person is rejuvenated by infusing or injecting the blood, plasma, cell liquid, body liquid or the like of a young person (e.g. embryo, infant, child, young person or adult of about 30 years old) into the body of a senile or adult person. As an alternative method, hemopoietic marrow cell and endocrinic hormone-producing cell of young person are transplanted to the corresponding parts of the body of a senile person to effect the rejuvenation and life-prolongation of the senile. The source of young hemopoietic marrow cell can be secured by the artificial mass-culture of the cell or by the use of genetic engineering technique. The endocrinic hormone is hormone of pituitary gland, thyroid gland, suprarenal gland, pancreas, genital gland (seminal gland or ovary) or the like.
Based on findings from animal studies and its mechanism of action, OFEV can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Nintedanib caused embryo-fetal deaths and structural abnormalities in rats and rabbits when administered during organogenesis at less than (rats) and approximately 5 times (rabbits) the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) in adults. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to avoid becoming pregnant while receiving treatment with OFEV and to use highly effective contraception at initiation of, during treatment, and at least 3 months after the last dose of OFEV. Nintedanib does not change the exposure to oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel in patients with SSc-ILD. However, the efficacy of oral hormonal contraceptives may be compromised by vomiting and/or diarrhea or other conditions where the drug absorption may be reduced. Advise women taking oral hormonal contraceptives experiencing these conditions to use alternative highly effective contraception. Verify pregnancy status prior to treatment with OFEV and during treatment as appropriate [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1, 8.3) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.1, 12.3)].
A personal medical-bot with a natural language translator implemented on a personal communication device. The medical-bot interacts in natural language with a user respondent/patient who presents a medical problem. The medical-bot includes a natural language translator with an artificial intelligence (AI) module that accepts the natural language inputs, and identifies medically relevant terminologies and their associations. These are fed to the AI for processing generate clinical-based queries to be answered by the patient. The responses are used by the medical-bot to extract medically relevant data for establishing a medical history and enabling a medical diagnosis for the patient. The medical-bot is able to simulate the sequential queries of a doctor or nurse practitioner to arrive at a diagnosis and an immediate treatment plan, which determines the triage to be followed by the patient. A health score for the patient is also determined.