anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A liquid dressing composition for use in the treatment or prevention of infection and/or wounds, wherein the composition comprises shellac, an anti-infective metal active and a solvent. The compositions are capable of forming a barrier when topically applied to a subject, providing an easily applied barrier for protecting lesions and other wounds from external infective agents in a veterinary setting. There is also a pressurised spray delivery device comprising the composition and a propellent. In another embodiment is a device for applying the liquid dressing comprising a first chamber comprising the composition, a second chamber containing a non-solvent, a mixing chamber, an actuating means, and an applicator. Preferably the metal active is copper acetate, zinc chloride or copper chloride. Preferably the solvent is ethanol.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled compound directly and readily useful as a synthetic intermediate for antibiotics without removing a protecting group during preparation, by treating a cephalosporin compound with a halogenating agent in the presence of methanol and its alkali metal salt. CONSTITUTION:A 7beta-R1SO3CH2CONH-DELTA<3>-cephem-4-carboxylic acid (R1 is hydrocarbon group )[e.g., a compound shown by the formula (A is an organic residue not taking part in the reaction -COOW is carboxylic acid or its derivative), etc.] is reacted with an alkali metal salt of methanol in an inert solvent at -95-10 deg.C. The resulting compound is treated with a halogenating agent (e.g., Cl, Br. or N- haloamide) capable of producing a positive halogen in the reaction solution at the same temperature as that of the solution. After the reaction, excess alkali metal salt of methanol is decomposed by a carboxylic acid, e.g., formic acid, etc. to give a 7alpha- methoxy-7beta-R1SO3CH2CONH-DELTA<3>-cephem-4-carboxylic acid.
PCT No. PCT/KR91/00012 Sec. 371 Date Feb. 26, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Feb. 26, 1992 PCT Filed Apr. 19, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO92/00981 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 23, 1992.The present invention relates to novel cephalosporins of the formula (I);    <IMAGE>  (I)  wherein, R1 represents a C1 DIFFERENCE C4 alkyl group or   <IMAGE>    wherein, R2 and R3, independently, represent hydrogen or a C1 DIFFERENCE C3 alkyl group and R4 represents hydrogen or a C1 DIFFERENCE C4 alkyl group; R1a represents hydrogen or an amino-protecting group; Q represents CH or N; and the formula   <IMAGE>    represents a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic group which contains 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms of which one is substituted with an amino group to form quaternary ammonium, and oxygen or sulfur, or a fused heterocyclic group thereof formed together with a substituted or unsubstituted benzene or an optional heterocyclic group, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to processes for preparing the same and to a pharmaceutical composition containing the same as an active ingredient. The compounds(1) according to the invention exhibit potent antibacterial activity and broad antibacterial spectrum against the Gram-positive strains including Staphylococcus as well as Gram-negative strains including Pseudomonas, and, therefore, are expected to be very useful in treatment of various diseases caused by bacterial infection in human beings and animals.
The over-arching goal of this application is to initiate a program to involve undergraduate dental students and their patients in clinical research to evaluate the efficacy of dental therapy. Specifically, the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of local application of minocycline microspheres on the periodontal inflammation and bone loss prevention in patients diagnosed with moderate-severe chronic periodontitis on periodontal maintenance in the undergraduate clinic. Few studies evaluating locally-applied minocycline during periodontal maintenance therapy have been reported even though the drug is commonly used in this protocol. A 6-month treatment study by Meinberg et al. (2002), demonstrated that in moderate-to-advanced chronic periodontitis patients, scaling and root planing with subgingival minocycline resulted in improved pocket depths and less frequent bone height loss over one year than conventional periodontal maintenance. The prevention of bone loss and inflammation is key to maintaining teeth in function and comfort for the patient's lifetime. Patients from the UNMC College of Dentistry (and eventually Creighton University School of Dentistry) undergraduate periodontal clinic, who are already enrolled in periodontal maintenance therapy, will be recruited to participate in this study. The selected patients will continue their periodontal maintenance care but will be placed into either the test group (receiving minocycline in a periodontally inflamed pocket along with subgingival mechanical debridement) or the control group (receiving subgingival mechanical debridement alone). Radiographs will be taken at baseline and at the study's completion (24 months) to obtain bone loss data, and periodontal measurements and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) will be used to monitor markers of inflammation and bone resorption. The hypothesis to be tested in this clinical trial is that the use of minocycline at baseline and 6 month intervals in conjunction with subgingival mechanical debridement will reduce interproximal bone height loss and periodontal inflammation more than mechanical debridement alone.
Cluster Randomized controlled trial study design will be employed. The sample size for this study was calculated based on the recommendations for sample size calculations for cluster randomized controlled trials with fixed number of clusters, by using STATA. The following assumptions were considered: to detect an increase of postnatal care three utilization from 16% to 28% from previous study, number of clusters available-30, with 95% confidence interval and 80% power, intra-cluster correlation coefficient of 0.04849 from similar studies, 15 clusters per arm. The sample size was calculated to determine number of observations required per cluster, for two-sample comparison of proportions (using normal approximation), Assuming individual randomization, sample size per arm is 194. Then allowing for cluster randomization, average cluster size required is 40, and the final sample size is 1200 pregnant mothers (600 in intervention, and 600 in control). Data analysis will take place in two levels (cluster and individual). Risk ration will be computed at cluster level, and the results of this cluster summary will be compared using t-test. Primary and secondary outcomes will be compared between intervention and control groups with random effects logistic regression models, taking account of clustering.
Lactobacillus PS11610 for couples with genital dysbiosis and infertility. Each dose contains 1\*10E9 colony forming unit (CFU) of Lactobacillus PS11610.Two daily doses for her and one daily dose for him until pregnancy or end of study period (6 months).
Epilepsy, a widespread neural ailment considered by prolonged neuronal depolarization and repetitive discharge, has been linked to extreme stimulus of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). Despite the availability of approved anti-seizure medications (ASMs) in many developed nations, approximately 30% of epilepsy patients continue to experience drug-resistant seizures. Thus, a growing interest in discovering natural compounds as potential sources for new medications is growing. Sinapinic acid, a natural derivative of cinnamic acid found in food sources, is known for its neuroprotective properties. This study investigated how sinapinic acid interacts with NMDA receptors and its potential role in providing anticonvulsant effects. Male mice were randomly allocated into nine groups: a control group receiving normal saline (1 ml/kg), groups treated with sinapinic acid at doses of 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg, a group treated with diazepam at 10 mg/kg, a group treated with an NMDA agonist at 75 mg/kg, a group treated with an NMDA antagonist at 0.5 mg/kg, a group receiving the ineffective dose of sinapinic acid (1 mg/kg) along with the NMDA antagonist, and a group receiving the effective dose of sinapinic acid (10 mg/kg) along with the NMDA agonist. Sinapinic acid and other treatments were administered intraperitoneally 30 min prior to inducing seizures with PTZ injection. Seizure onset time was recorded following PTZ injection. Blood and brain samples were collected after anesthesia to determine serum and brain nitrite levels. Real-time PCR assessed NMDAR gene expression in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Data were analyzed using Prism software. The time seizures began was notably extended in groups treated with sinapinic acid at doses of 3 and 10 mg/kg compared to those treated with saline (P < 0.05). Additionally, in the receiving group of an ineffective dose of sinapinic acid alongside ketamine, the beginning of seizure time was significantly prolonged compared to the group that received the ineffective dose of sinapinic acid alone (P < 0.05). Serum and prefrontal cortex (PFC) nitrite levels were significantly lower in mice treated with sinapinic acid at doses of 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg compared to the saline-treated group (P < 0.05). The gene expression of the NMDAR NR2B subunit in the PFC was decreased in groups treated with sinapinic acid at 1 and 10 mg/kg compared to the saline-treated group. Furthermore, co-administration of sinapinic acid (10 mg/kg) with NMDA resulted in significantly lower NR2A gene expression than the group treated with 10 mg/kg of sinapinic acid alone. Conversely, co-administration of ketamine with sinapinic acid (1 mg/kg) significantly increased NR2B subunit gene expression compared to the group treated with sinapinic acid at 1 mg/kg alone. Sinapinic acid showed anticonvulsant effects through reduced serum and PFC nitrite and modulation of glutamatergic signaling.
Eculizumab was administered as an IV infusion for 12 weeks. All participants weighed more than 45 kg and received the following weight-based dosing regimen: induction/loading = 600 milligram (mg) weekly x 4; maintenance = 900 mg at Week 5; 900 mg every 2 weeks.
Parkinson's disease is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder of the extrapyramidal nervous system affecting the mobility and control of the skeletal muscular system. Its characteristic features include resting tremor, rigidity, and bradykinetic movements. Symptomatic treatments, such as levodopa therapies, may permit the patient better mobility.   
Current evidence indicates that symptoms of Parkinson's disease are related to depletion of dopamine in the corpus striatum. Administration of dopamine is ineffective in the treatment of Parkinson's disease apparently because it does not cross the blood-brain barrier. However, levodopa, the metabolic precursor of dopamine, does cross the blood-brain barrier, and presumably is converted to dopamine in the brain. This is thought to be the mechanism whereby levodopa relieves symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
OBJECTIVE: This research aims to analyze the presence and distribution of resistance genes in the avium and fruticosa subgenomes of Prunus cerasus through computational methods and bioinformatics tools.
RESULTS: Analysis of genome and transcriptome sequencing data revealed a total of 19,570 transcripts with at least one resistance gene domain in Prunus cerasus subgenome avium and 19,142 in Prunus cerasus subgenome fruticosa. Key findings include the identification of 804 "complete" resistance gene transcripts in Prunus cerasus subgenome avium and 817 in Prunus cerasus subgenome fruticosa, with distinct distributions of resistance gene classes observed between the subgenomes. Phylogenetic analysis showed clustering of resistance genes, and unique resistance proteins were identified in each subgenome. Functional annotation comparisons with Arabidopsis thaliana highlighted shared and unique resistance genes, emphasizing the complexity of disease resistance in cherry species. Additionally, a higher diversity of RLKs and RLPs was observed, with 504 transcripts identified and 18 showing similarity to known reference genes.
Voriconazole for injection, an azole antifungal is available as a sterile lyophilized cake or powder for solution for intravenous infusion. The structural formula is:

Voriconazole is designated chemically as (2R,3S)-2-(2, 4-difluorophenyl)-3-(5-fluoro-4-pyrimidinyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-butanol with an empirical formula of C16H14F3N5O and a molecular weight of 349.3.

Voriconazole drug substance is a white or almost white powder.

Voriconazole for injection is a white to off white lyophilized cake or powder containing nominally 200 mg voriconazole and 3200 mg hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) in a 30 mL Type I clear glass vial.

Voriconazole for injection is intended for administration by intravenous infusion. It is an unpreserved product in a single dose vial. Vials containing 200 mg lyophilized voriconazole are intended for reconstitution with Water for Injection to produce a solution containing 10 mg/mL Voriconazole for injection and 160 mg/mL of hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD). The resultant solution is further diluted prior to administration as an intravenous infusion [see Dosage and Administration (2)].
Haploidentical related donor transplantation is now considered an important alternative to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Currently, the strategies for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis mainly include ex vivo and in vivo T-cell depletion (TCD) in haploidentical HSCT (haplo-HSCT). In vivo TCD modalities have become mainstream including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)+antithymocyte globulin (ATG)-based protocols and posttransplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) protocols. The ATG strategy has been widely used. Nevertheless, severe acute GVHD remains an obstacle for haplo-HSCT. In addition, infections, especially viral infections, remain an important drawback of this strategy. This study is aim to evaluate the efficacy of a modified protocol that includes PTCY and ATG in recipients of haplo-HSCT.
On Day 1 participants received a single oral dose of 25 mg captopril. Starting on Day 2 participants received irbesartan 300 mg tablets orally once a day for 14 days.
PURPOSE: The study aimed to assess the efficacy of OpenAI's advanced AI model, ChatGPT, in diagnosing urological conditions, focusing on kidney stones.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A set of 90 structured questions, compliant with EAU Guidelines 2023, was curated by seasoned urologists for this investigation. We evaluated ChatGPT's performance based on the accuracy and completeness of its responses to two types of questions [binary (true/false) and descriptive (multiple-choice)], stratified into difficulty levels: easy, moderate, and complex. Furthermore, we analyzed the model's learning and adaptability capacity by reassessing the initially incorrect responses after a 2 week interval.
RESULTS: The model demonstrated commendable accuracy, correctly answering 80% of binary questions (n:45) and 93.3% of descriptive questions (n:45). The model's performance showed no significant variation across different question difficulty levels, with p-values of 0.548 for accuracy and 0.417 for completeness, respectively. Upon reassessment of initially 12 incorrect responses (9 binary to 3 descriptive) after two weeks, ChatGPT's accuracy showed substantial improvement. The mean accuracy score significantly increased from 1.58 ± 0.51 to 2.83 ± 0.93 (p = 0.004), underlining the model's ability to learn and adapt over time.
CONCLUSION: These findings highlight the potential of ChatGPT in urological diagnostics, but also underscore areas requiring enhancement, especially in the completeness of responses to complex queries. The study endorses AI's incorporation into healthcare, while advocating for prudence and professional supervision in its application.
Nitrates: Concomitant use of STAXYN and nitrates is contraindicated. The blood pressure lowering effects of sublingual nitrates (0.4 mg) taken 1 and 4 hours after vardenafil and increases in heart rate when taken at 1, 4 and 8 hours after vardenafil were potentiated by a 20 mg dose of vardenafil in healthy middle-aged subjects. These effects were not observed when vardenafil 20 mg was taken 24 hours before the nitroglycerin (NTG). Potentiation of the hypotensive effects of nitrates for patients with ischemic heart disease has not been evaluated, and concomitant use of STAXYN and nitrates is contraindicated [see Contraindications (4.1) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)].

Alpha-Blockers: Patients taking alpha-blockers should not initiate vardenafil therapy with STAXYN. Patients treated with alpha-blockers who have previously used vardenafil film-coated tablets may be switched to STAXYN at the advice of their healthcare provider. Caution is advised when PDE5 inhibitors are co-administered with alpha-blockers. PDE5 inhibitors, including STAXYN and alpha-adrenergic blocking agents are both vasodilators with blood-pressure-lowering effects. When vasodilators are used in combination, an additive effect on blood pressure may be anticipated. Clinical pharmacology studies have been conducted with co-administration of vardenafil with terazosin or tamsulosin. [See Dosage and Administration (2.4), Warnings and Precautions (5.6), and Clinical Pharmacology (12.2).]

Antihypertensives: STAXYN may add to the blood pressure lowering effect of antihypertensive agents. In a clinical pharmacology study of patients with erectile dysfunction, single doses of 20 mg vardenafil caused a mean maximum decrease in supine blood pressure of 7 mmHg systolic and 8 mmHg diastolic (compared to placebo), accompanied by a mean maximum increase of heart rate of 4 beats per minute. The maximum decrease in blood pressure occurred between 1 and 4 hours after dosing. Following multiple dosing for 31 days, similar blood pressure responses were observed on Day 31 as on Day 1. 

Alcohol: Vardenafil 20 mg did not potentiate the hypotensive effects of alcohol during the 4-hour observation period in healthy volunteers when administered with alcohol (0.5 g/kg body weight: approximately 40 mL of absolute alcohol in a 70 kg person). Alcohol and vardenafil plasma levels were not altered when dosed simultaneously.
A mild reducing composition and method for straightening human hair are described. The composition contains cysteamine hydrochloride in the range of 5-10% by weight at a pH range of 7.0-9.0. The composition is applied to hair and processed for 15-45 minutes. The hair is rinsed with water, dried with a blow-dryer and ironed with a straightening iron. The hair is allowed to air-oxidize for 24-72 hours. The resultant straightening lasts 2 to 4 months, and the hair gradually reverts to the pre-treatment state with no obvious re-growth. The treatment may be re-applied every 2 to 4 months without significant damage.
PURPOSE: To provide a hair dyeing method for dyeing black hair in clear color free from blackish color by treatment once and to obtain a hair dyeing agent used for the method. CONSTITUTION: This hair dyeing agent comprises an agent A containing 2-50-wt.%, especially 5-2wt.% of xanthene-based dye, an agent B containing 2-6wt.%, especially 5-6wt.% calculated as H2 O2 of hydrogen peroxide and/or a hydrogen peroxide generating part and an agent C containing a persulfate. The agents A, B and C are mixed in the ratio of 0.1-5 pts.wt. of H2 O2 . contained in the agent B based on 1 pt.wt. of the xanthene-based dye in the agent A and 0.5-8 pts.wt. of the persulfate contained in the agent C based on 1 pt.wt. of H2 O2 contained in the agent B and the mixed solution is used to dye hair. The pH of the mixed solution is >=7 and preferably 8-10 and is controlled by the amount of an alkali substance to be mixed with the agent A and/or the agent B.
Improved peptide antigens for diagnostic testing and therapy of disease are provided which differ from naturally occurring peptide sequences. These peptides immunologically cross-react with a wide variety of mutated forms of antigens and are particularly useful for testing and treatment of retroviral disease such as HIV infection, where rapid mutation of the disease vector is a concern. The peptides are from about 25 to about 100 amino acid residues long and, in addition to advantageous reactivity, also may possess one or more other advantageous characteristics such as improved water solubility or improved immunological reactivity as compared to naturally occurring strains such as ANT70 and MVP5180. Advantageous alterations include substitution of one or more hydrophobic residues with hydrophilic residues, removal of a basic amino acid positive charge to decrease non-specific binding and increase in peptide secondary structure by adding one or more amino acids to form or extend an alpha helix within the peptide. The claimed invention is exemplified by substitution of leucine by glutamine and by arginine in HIV envelope protein peptides. Peptides that have been modified according to principles of the claimed invention differ greatly from the naturally occurring forms and are not identified as belonging to any particular viral Group or strain.
Genetic counselors of patients with Lynch Syndrome and patients with Lynch Syndrome will test a planning tool (referred to as an educational workbook) for cascade screening. Five genetic counselors and 15 patients with Lynch Syndrome will be recruited from the UNC Health System and the Ohio State Comprehensive Cancer Center. Genetic counselors will identify patients with Lynch Syndrome and introduce the study opportunity to potential patient participants. All patients and genetic counselors will complete a telephone enrollment call and provide informed consent to participate. Enrolled patients will work with enrolled genetic counselors to complete the first workbook exercise and then patients will complete the remaining exercises alone for over approximately 1 month. After genetic counselors and patients have completed using the workbook, the investigators will conduct qualitative virtual interviews over Zoom and a post-intervention electronic survey to understand the participants' experiences using the workbook. The investigators aim to understand the feasibility of using the workbook as an intervention in clinical practice to improve genetic testing uptake in families with Lynch Syndrome.
Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a form of kidney dysfunction that characteristically occurs in liver cirrhosis. It is characterized by a marked impairment of kidney function in response to circulatory and hemodynamic alterations that occur in advanced stages of liver cirrhosis, aggravated by systemic inflammation and bacterial translocation. The classical definitions of the types of HRS have been recently revisited and 2 forms of HRS have been redefined: the acute form, referred to as acute kidney injury (HRS-AKI), and the chronic form, referred to as chronic kidney disease. HRS-AKI is one of the most severe forms of AKI in patients with cirrhosis and it consists of an abrupt impairment of kidney function, frequently triggered by an infection, appearing in the setting of advanced decompensated cirrhosis. Differential diagnosis with other causes of AKI is crucial because HRS-AKI requires a specific treatment. Differential diagnosis with AKI-acute tubular necrosis may be challenging and kidney biomarkers may be useful in this setting. Treatment of HRS-AKI is based on the administration of vasoconstrictor drugs in combination with volume expansion with albumin. Prognosis of HRS-AKI is poor, and the ideal definitive treatment consists of liver transplantation or simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation. HRS-AKI has a big impact on patients' quality of life. Management of HRS-AKI remains challenging in specific situations such as alcohol-associated hepatitis or metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease cirrhosis. Developing preventive measures for HRS-AKI, improving its early identification, discovering new biomarkers for differential diagnosis, and improving the response to therapy are some of the unmet needs in the field of HRS-AKI.