anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
FIELD: organic chemistry, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to derivative of benzazepine with condensed nitrogen-containing aromatic 5-membered cycle of the formula (I)  . Symbols in formula have the following values: ring B - nitrogen-containing aromatic 5-membered cycle having at least 1 nitrogen atom and optionally 1 oxygen or sulfur atom that can has optionally substituent(s); R 1 ,R 2  are similar and mean hydrogen atom; A - a single bond; group of the formula -NHCO-(CR 3 R 4 ) n -,; n = 0 or 1; R 3 ,R 4  can be similar or distinct and each means hydrogen atom, lower alkyl group (under condition that R 3  and R 4  can form together a lower alkylene group having from 2 to 7 carbon atoms), and ring C - benzene ring that can has optionally substituent(s), and its salts. Invention relates to also an intermediate compound used for synthesis of these compounds and to pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds as an active component. Synthesized compounds are useful as antagonists of argininevasopressin. EFFECT: improved method of synthesis. 9 cl, 30 tbl, 41 ex
Depression is one of the most common mental disorders among adolescents and is characterized by persistent low mood. According to a global statistical report released by the World Health Organization, about 350 million people worldwide are affected by depression, with the adolescent population being particularly prominent. Epidemiologic surveys in the Chinese region show that the prevalence of depression in adolescents is about 3.0%. The study points out that age is one of the key factors affecting major depression. Pleasure deficit, a reduced capacity for the experience of pleasure or a lack of appropriate emotional responses to rewards and positive stimuli, is a core symptom of depression and is considered a key internal phenotype of the illness. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a treatment for major depressive disorder that delivers a series of equally spaced pulses through repetitive TMS. Studies have shown that rTMS stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex can significantly improve symptoms of pleasure deficit. Thus, rTMS may be an effective treatment option for depressed patients with pleasure deficit.
Group CBT with IPT will consist of 20 weekly two-hour sessions and has been developed for the proposed study based on the protocols for group CBT for HD and group IPT. Treatment includes strategies from CBT, including cognitive restructuring, behavioral exposures, and organizational strategies, as well as strategies from IPT, including role-play, interpersonal skills building, communication analysis, and decision analysis.
Administration of the study drug, OTL38, will begin prior to skin incision in the preoperative area where safety monitoring will occur. The tumor resection occurs approximately 2 hours after being brought back to the operating room and so there is no wait time between infusion and being taken back to operating room. Intraoperative fluorescent imaging will be utilized in parallel with the standard operating procedure to capture images during surgery. Images also will be taken of the excised specimen on the back table. The excised specimen will be sent to the pathology department for fluorescent imaging and immunohistochemistry for FR. Subjects will have a 2-5 day hospital stay (normal nephrectomy recovery period) where safety measurements will be taken. Final safety measurements will be taken at the 10-day and 1-month follow-up visits.
FELDSPAR POLISHING COMPOSITION          Abstract of the Disclosure:           A specific particle size distribution of feldspar is employed as both a cleaning and a polish-ing agent for teeth.  It consists initially of a powder that, preferably at the time of use, is mixed with a moistener and becomes a paste to be used by the dentist or dental hygienist.  It can be combined with a humectant but in smaller proportions than heretofore.          It can be used with or without a dental caries-reducing amount of a fluoride anticariogenic agent, either stan-nous or sodium fluoride, and is more effective than prior materials though mixed with much smaller quantities.          It can be supplied in a sectional kit wherein the ini-tially-separated wet and dry ingredients can be joined at the time of use.  It can be used as a self-administered prophylactic paste for mass treatment applications.
Acute lung injury occurs in 20-25% of cases following traumatic brain injury (TBI). We investigated changes in lung transcriptome expression post-TBI using animal models and bioinformatics. Employing unilateral controlled cortical impact for TBI, we conducted microarray analysis after lung acquisition, followed by gene set enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes. Our findings indicate significant upregulation of inflammation-related genes and downregulation of nervous system genes. There was enhanced infiltration of adaptive immune cells, evidenced by positive enrichment in Lung-Th1, CD4, and CD8 T cells. Analysis using the Tabula Sapiens database revealed enrichment in lung-adventitial cells, pericytes, myofibroblasts, and fibroblasts, indicating potential effects on lung vasculature and fibrosis. Gene set enrichment analysis linked TBI to lung diseases, notably idiopathic pulmonary hypertension. A Venn diagram overlap analysis identified a common set of 20 genes, with FOSL2 showing the most significant fold change. Additionally, we observed a significant increase in ADRA1A→IL6 production post-TBI using the L1000 library. Our study highlights the impact of brain trauma on lung injury, revealing crucial gene expression changes related to immune cell infiltration, cytokine production, and potential alterations in lung vasculature and fibrosis, along with a specific spectrum of disease influence.
BACKGROUND: The inflammatory response and scar formation after spinal cord injury (SCI) limit nerve regeneration and functional recovery. Our research group has previously shown that the expression of astrocyte-derived lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) is upregulated after SCI, which correlates with neuronal apoptosis and functional recovery. Therefore, we speculate that astrocyte-specific knockdown of Lcn2 after SCI may lead to a better prognosis.
METHODS: Tissue RNA sequencing, Western blotting, PCR, and immunofluorescence assays were conducted to assess the expression of Lcn2 following SCI in mice. Adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) transfection was employed to specifically reduce the expression of Lcn2 in astrocytes, and subsequent evaluations of scarring and inflammation were conducted. In vitro experiments involved treating primary astrocytes with TGF-β or an A1-induced mixture (C1q, TNF-α and IL-1α) following Lcn2 knockdown. Finally, the intrathecal injection of recombinant Lcn2 (ReLcn2) protein was conducted post-injury to further confirm the role of Lcn2 and its underlying mechanism in SCI.
RESULTS: Lcn2 expression was elevated in astrocytes after SCI at 7 dpi (days post injury). Lcn2 knockdown in astrocytes is beneficial for neuronal survival and functional recovery after SCI, and is accompanied by a reduced inflammatory response and inhibited scar formation. The inhibition of SMAD-associated signaling activation was identified as a possible mechanism, and in vitro experiments further confirmed this finding. ReLcn2 further activated SMAD-associated signaling and aggravated motor function after SCI.
CONCLUSION: The upregulation of Lcn2 expression in astrocytes is involved in neuroinflammation and scar formation after SCI, and the activation of SMAD-associated signaling is one of the underlying mechanisms.
This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group single ascending dose (SAD) study. There are 4 cohorts of 8 subjects (8 active and 2 placebo) planned for evaluation under fasting conditions. One of the planned dose levels will cross over after a washout period to receive the same single dose of XC101-D13H or placebo under fed conditions. Dose escalation will be supervised by a Safety Monitoring Board (SMB). Dose escalation to the next dose level will not take place until the SMB has determined that adequate safety, tolerability, PK, and core-lab analyzed ECGs from the previous cohort and all previous cohorts have been demonstrated to permit proceeding to the next cohort. PK data from all available cohorts will be used to guide the dose-escalation decisions.
This study was aimed to investigate the frequency of PiCV recombination, the kinetics of PiCV viremia and shedding and the correlation between viral replication and host immune response in young pigeons subclinically infected with various PiCV variants and kept under conditions mimicking the OLR system. Fifteen racing pigeons originating from five breeding facilities were housed together for six weeks. Blood and cloacal swab samples were collected from birds every seven days to recover complete PiCV genomes and determine PiCV genetic diversity and recombination dynamics, as well as to assess virus shedding rate, level of viremia, expression of selected genes and level of anti-PiCV antibodies. Three hundred and eighty-eight complete PiCV genomes were obtained and thirteen genotypes were distinguished. Twenty-five recombination events were detected. Recombinants emerged during the first three weeks of the experiment which was consistent with the peak level of viremia and viral shedding. A further decrease in viremia and shedding partially corresponded with IFN-γ and MX1 gene expression and antibody dynamics. Considering the role of OLR pigeon rearing system in spreading infectious agents and allowing their recombination, it would be reasonable to reflect on the relevance of pigeon racing from both an animal welfare and epidemiological perspective.
Non-ischemic hypothermic perfusion (NIHP): The donor heart is preserved using a portable heart-lung machine. The device perfuse the heart continuously with a a new preservation solution at a temperature of 8°C.
Disclosed is a compound for use in preventing or treating overtraining in a subject, wherein the compound is selected from: (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate; an ester of (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate; and an oligomer obtainable by oligomerising (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate moieties; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. Most preferably, the compound of use is (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate (R),1,3-butanediol monoester. By overtraining, one may be treating the effects of overtraining syndrome (OTS). Preferably, the subject is an endurance athlete. The compound may; reduce power loss associated with overtraining; increase or maintain bone mineral content. Also disclosed is a nutritional composition comprising a compound selected from: (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate; an ester of (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate; and an oligomer obtainable by oligomerising (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate moieties; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof.
Patients undergo pulmonary resection. No additional lymph nodes are removed. Patients are followed at 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months and then annually thereafter until death.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Surgical site infection (SSI) after dermatological surgery is associated with poor outcomes. Developing clinical prediction rules based on the predicted probability of infection might encourage guided prophylaxis and judicious prescribing. The purpose of this study was to develop a clinical prediction rule based on identified risk factors for SSI in a large general practice patient cohort.
METHOD: We examined a large, pooled dataset from four randomised controlled trials performed in a regional centre of North Queensland, Australia. Multivariable logistic regression identified a prediction model. Bootstrapping was used for internal validation. A scoring system was based on predicted probabilities of infection.
RESULTS: The final prediction rule included age >55 years and the anatomical site, histology and complexity of the excision. The area under the curve was 0.704.
DISCUSSION: Our prediction rule encourages judicious use of prophylaxis in clinical practice.
Patients will install a smartphone application that custom-developed for the study and learn to use it with the help of researchers. The application will have the following functions: 1) providing health education information about glycemic control, postoperative management and important of drug compliance; 2) providing alert \& record service on patients' DM and CAD medication treatment; 3) aiding patients to conduct self-evaluate by providing questionnaire about patients' recent basic health parameters on times. The information will be interpreted automatically by application and brief feedback will be provided to patients; 4) recording patients' fasting plasma glucose value that input by patients and generate a recent glycemic control report.
Seventeen patients with severe hypercalcemia due to primary HPT, who had failed or had contraindications to parathyroidectomy, participated in an open-label, single-arm study. The study consisted of two phases, a dose-titration phase and a maintenance phase. In this trial, severe hypercalcemia was defined as a screening serum calcium level of > 12.5 mg/dL. Patients initially received 30 mg cinacalcet twice daily and then were titrated every 2 weeks to a maximum dose of 90 mg 4 times daily. Dosage escalation during the variable-length (2 to 16 weeks) titration phase continued until the serum calcium concentration was ≤ 10 mg/dL (2.5 mmol/L), the patient reached the highest possible dosage, or adverse events precluded further dosage increases.

Seventeen patients entered the study. The median exposure to cinacalcet was 270 days (range: 32 to 1,105). At baseline the mean (SE) serum calcium was 12.7 (0.2) mg/dL. At the end of the titration phase the mean (SE) serum calcium was 10.4 (0.3) mg/dL, which is a mean reduction of 2.3 (0.3) mg/dL from baseline. Figure 4 illustrates mean serum calcium (mg/dL) over time for all patients still on study at each time point from the beginning of titration to study visit week 80. Daily dose during the study ranged from 30 mg twice a day to 90 mg four times a day.

Figure 4. Mean Serum Calcium (SE) at Baseline, End of Titration, and Scheduled Maintenance Visits (Patients with Severe intractable primary HPT)

n = Number of patients with non-missing values at the timepoint.   
End of Titration (EOT) phase could occur at any visit from week 2 to 16. Patients at EOT are those who completed titration.
Atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride tablets (adult strength) and Atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride Pediatric Tablets, for oral administration, are a fixed-dose combination of the antimalarial agents atovaquone USP and proguanil hydrochloride USP.

The chemical name of atovaquone USP is trans-2-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl]-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione. Atovaquone USP is a yellow crystalline solid that is freely soluble in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and in tetrahydrofuran; soluble in chloroform; sparingly soluble in acetone and dimethyl sulfoxide; slightly soluble in octanol, ethyl acetate, polyethylene glycol 200; very slightly soluble in 0.1N sodium hydroxide; insoluble in water. It has a molecular weight of 366.84 and the molecular formula C22H19ClO3. The compound has the following structural formula:

The chemical name of proguanil hydrochloride USP is 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-biguanide hydrochloride. Proguanil hydrochloride USP is a white crystalline powder slightly soluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol, practically insoluble in methylene chloride. It has a molecular weight of 290.22 and the molecular formula C11H16ClN5•HCl. The compound has the following structural formula:

Each atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride tablet contains 250 mg of atovaquone USP and 100 mg of proguanil hydrochloride USP and each atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride Pediatric Tablet contains 62.5 mg of atovaquone USP and 25 mg of proguanil hydrochloride USP. The inactive ingredients in the tablet are colloidal silicon dioxide, ferric oxide red, hypromellose 2910, low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, poloxamer 188, polyethylene glycol 400, polyethylene glycol 8000, povidone K30, sodium starch glycolate and titanium dioxide.
BACKGROUND: Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells play protective or pathogenic roles in a variety of immune and inflammatory diseases. However, whether iNKT cells contribute to the progression of acute neuroinflammation remains unclear. Thus, we addressed this question with a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute neuroinflammation.
METHODS: For induction of acute neuroinflammation, wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 (B6) mice were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with LPS for either three or five consecutive days, and then these mice were analyzed for brain-infiltrating leukocytes or mouse behaviors, respectively. To examine the role of iNKT cell activation in LPS-induced neuroinflammation, mice were injected i.p. with the iNKT cell agonist α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) seven days prior to LPS treatment. Immune cells infiltrated into the brain during LPS-induced neuroinflammation were determined by flow cytometry. In addition, LPS-induced clinical behavior symptoms such as depressive-like behavior and memory impairment in mice were evaluated by the open field and Y-maze tests, respectively.
RESULTS: We found that iNKT cell-deficient Jα18 mutant mice display delayed disease progression and decreased leukocyte infiltration into the brain compared with WT mice, indicating that iNKT cells contribute to the pathogenesis of LPS-induced neuroinflammation. Since it has been reported that pre-treatment with α-GalCer, an iNKT cell agonist, can convert iNKT cells towards anti-inflammatory phenotypes, we next explored whether pre-activation of iNKT cells with α-GalCer can regulate LPS-induced neuroinflammation. Strikingly, we found that α-GalCer pre-treatment significantly delays the onset of clinical symptoms, including depression-like behavior and memory impairment, while decreasing brain infiltration of pro-inflammatory natural killer cells and neutrophils, in this model of LPS-induced neuroinflammation. Such anti-inflammatory effects of α-GalCer pre-treatment closely correlated with iNKT cell polarization towards IL4- and IL10-producing phenotypes. Furthermore, α-GalCer pre-treatment restored the expression of suppressive markers on brain regulatory T cells during LPS-induced neuroinflammation.
CONCLUSION: Our findings provide strong evidence that α-GalCer-induced pre-activation of iNKT cells expands iNKT10 cells, mitigating depressive-like behaviors and brain infiltration of inflammatory immune cells induced by LPS-induced acute neuroinflammation. Thus, we suggest the prophylactic potential of iNKT cells and α-GalCer against acute neuroinflammation.
The invention discloses a medicament for treating gastric diseases, relates to a medicament product, and aims to increase a medicament variety for treating gastric diseases. The medicament consists of the following medicinal materials in parts by mass: 15 to 17 parts of malt, 3 to 7 parts of senna leaf, 12 to 18 parts of chicken gizzard-membrane, 8 to 12 parts of chicken egg shell, 8 to 12 parts of hawthorn, 8 to 12 parts of fructus aurantii, 8 to 12 parts of clove, and 4 to 8 parts of bletilla. The gastric diseases comprise gastritis, gastroptosis and gastric ulcer. A preparation method comprises the following steps of: grinding the 8 gouts of cleaned and dried medicinal materials in a mass ratio of the formula into fine powder, mixing uniformly, and preparing pills or capsules, wherein each pill/capsule is 1 gram. The medicament is taken for 2 times every day, and 6 to 8 grams of medicament is taken every time. The medicament has the advantages of wide source, low cost, remarkable treatment effect and high cure rate, does not have toxic or side response, avoids medicament resistance or relapse, and is applied to the patients of gastritis, gastroptosis and gastric ulcer.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new sodium channel-blocking agent having effects equal to or more than the well-known sodium channel-blocking agent of an amiloride compound family, and sufficiently effective against phenamil-resistant microorganisms.  <P>SOLUTION: The sodium channel-blocking agent contains a naphthamil compound which is a derivative of the amiloride compound as an active ingredient. The medical utilization thereof aims at the blocking or regulation of the sodium channel. The utilization of the sodium channel-blocking agent for the study on a sodium-driven flagellar motor or the sodium ion channel of an animal cell is also provided. Especially, the utilization against a microorganism on which the effects of a phenamil-type sodium channel blocking agent are limited is also provided.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
OBJECTIVE: The Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4-mediated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway regulates the production of inflammatory factors and plays a key role in the pathogenesis of gouty arthritis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the link among TLR4 gene polymorphisms at various loci, protein expression, and gouty arthritis susceptibility.
METHODS: Between 2016 and 2021, a case-control study was used to collect a total of 1207 study subjects, including 317 male patients with gouty arthritis (gout group) and 890 healthy males (control group). The association between gout susceptibility and different genetic models was analyzed by typing three loci of the TLR4 gene (rs2149356, rs2737191, and rs10759932) using a multiplex point mutation rapid assay, and the association between protein expression and gout was confirmed by measuring TLR4 protein concentrations using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).
RESULTS: In a codominant models AA and AG, the rs2737191 polymorphism in the gout group increased the risk of gout compared to the AA genotype (OR = 2.249, 95%CI 1.010~5.008), and the risk of gout was higher for those carrying the G allele compared to the A allele (OR = 2.227, 95%CI 1.006~4.932). TLR4 protein expression was different between the two groups with different locus genotypes. The differences in TLR4 protein expression between the gout group and control group were statistically significant between the following genotypes: the GG and GT genotypes of the rs2149356 polymorphism; the AA and AG genotypes of the rs2737191 polymorphism; and the TT and TC genotypes of the rs10759932 polymorphism(P<0.05). The TLR4 protein level in the gout group (19.19±3.09 ng/ml) was significantly higher than that in the control group (15.85±4.75 ng/ml).
CONCLUSION: The AG genotype of the TLR4 gene rs2737191 polymorphism may be correlated with the development of gouty arthritis. The level of TLR4 protein expression is significantly higher in patients with gouty arthritis than in controls, and there is a correlation between high TLR4 protein expression and the development of gouty arthritis.
A new nitrogen mustard derivative of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, where R is N(CH 2 CH 2 Cl) 2 . Experiments show that the compound can inhibit a phase of the cell in Phase G 2 /M and is a dual-function alkylating agent. In vivo antitumor activity experiments show that the compound has desirable activity. Moreover, this compound further has advantages that nitrogen mustard drugs do not, that is, low toxicity. Also, this compound is easy to synthesize and has a high total yield. These advantages show that this compound has a great potential to be used as tumor treatment drugs.
Parents are encouraged to review the program along with their child and then children are encouraged to complete the program 1-2 additional times (or as many times as they like). It is suggested that modules be completed at a rate of 1-2 per week, with program completion ranging from 3-6 weeks. Additional mental health resources are provided at the end of the program.