anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of virtual reality (VR) as a distraction technique in the management of acute pain and anxiety during outpatient uterine aspiration using a manual vacuum aspirator (MVA).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This mixed methods study included a prospective multi-centre randomised controlled trial and structured individual interviews. Of the 72 patients approached, 50 consenting, eligible participants were randomised to VR intervention (immersive video content 'The Forest of Serenity') or standard care during MVA for the management of miscarriage or incomplete abortion from July 2021-July 2022 across two university hospitals in London, UK. Expected and actual pain scores, and anxiety before and after the procedure were measured as numeric rating scores (0-10). Structured interviews were undertaken after the procedure in women randomised to VR. Statistical analysis of pain and anxiety scores were by intention-to-treat including all randomised participants, using Stata-12 software. Qualitative analysis was achieved by thematic analysis of transcribed interviews.
RESULTS: There was no significant difference in pain or anxiety scores reported by participants randomised to VR compared with standard care. Mean worst pain scores were 5.98 and 6.88 in the standard care and VR groups respectively (p-value 0.13), with corresponding anxiety scores at the end of the procedure 3.94 and 3.3 (p-value 0.57). Qualitative analysis from interviews was highly favourable from women randomised to VR with all participants reporting a positive experience. 90% (18/20) of participants reported that VR reduced their anxiety and 71% (15/21) stated that it helped to reduce or distract from their pain.
CONCLUSION: While virtual reality did not decrease pain or anxiety scores during MVA, it is a feasible and acceptable option that may improve patient experience.
OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the ability of flutamide to reduce the incidence of prostate cancer in patients with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. II. Determine the effect of this regimen on a series of endpoint biomarkers in these patients. III. Assess the quality of life of these patients.

OUTLINE: This is a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, multicenter study. Patients are stratified according to age (under 65 versus 65 and over), PSA (0-2.5 versus 2.6-4.0 versus 4.1-10 versus greater than 10 ng/mL), PIN (on one biopsy versus on two biopsies), and family history (prostate cancer in brother, father, or uncle versus no prostate cancer in these relatives). Patients are randomized to one of two treatment arms.
This arm (group 1) will undergo mycophenolic acid (MPA) discontinuation with the addition of Zortress (everolimus) to their current regimen of tacrolimus and prednisone; All patients in group 1 will receive Zortress (everolimus) at a starting dose of 0.75 mg PO b.i.d. (1.5 mg/day). Everolimus whole blood trough levels will be monitored at pre-specified time points to achieve a range of 3-8 ng/mL. Group 1 patients will continue on prednisone and tacrolimus with a target whole blood trough level of 3-6 ng/mL.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Pain management is a critical aspect of care during and following a cesarean delivery. Without proper control of pain, individuals can experience poor mobility, increased thromboembolic events, and difficulty caring for the neonate in the postpartum period. There have been multiple methods for pain management for cesarean delivery and intrathecal morphine (ITM) has emerged as a prominent option for post-operative analgesia due to its efficacy, safety, and potential benefits over other treatments. This review analyzes data on efficacy, side effects, and safety of ITM and the pain control alternatives.
RECENT FINDINGS: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to compare ITM with other analgesic techniques in post-cesarean patients. ITM was found to be as effective or better than other analgesic options, including bilateral quadratus lumborum block (QLB), opioid-free epidural analgesia (CSEA-EDA), and intravenous fentanyl. One study found that both ITM and oral analgesia were effective in pain control and that ITM caused fewer breakthrough pain events but had a longer duration and a greater rate of side effects than oral opioid analgesia. Commonly observed side effects of intrathecal opioids include nausea, vomiting, pruritus, and urinary retention, and it is thought that the adverse effects from intrathecal administration of opioids are short-lived. ITM may provide a decreased risk of DVT and coagulation by decreasing lower extremity weakness and numbness, thereby decreasing recovery time and increasing mobility. ITM is a safe and effective option for post-cesarean analgesia, with comparable pain relief to alternative forms of pain control, and side effects that are generally manageable. Further research is warranted to explore beneficial combinations with other methods of pain management and optimal dosing strategies.
Nucleic acid encoding a regulatory sequence of human prostate specific antigen (PSA) and human glandular kallikrein (hK2), distal enhancer element 2 (DEE2) is provided. A nucleic acid construct including a functional distal enhancer element 2 (DEE2), operably linked to a nucleic acid sequence encoding a heterologous protein is provided. Expression vectors, host cells, and transgenic mice including this construct are also provided. A method for producing a transgenic nonhuman animal having a phenotype characterized by expression of a transgene in the prostate, by introducing a transgene including a distal enhacer element 2 (DEE2) into an embryo of an animal is provided. A method for providing transcription of a nucleic acid sequence in the prostate cell of an animal by introducing to a cell a nucleic acid construct including a distal enhancer element 2 (DEE2) operably associated with a nucleic acid sequence which encodes a product is also provided. The invention also provides a method of treating a subject having or at risk of having a prostate disorder by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a nucleic acid construct including a distal enhancer element 2 (DEE2).
The present invention provides substances suitable for use as vaccines for the prevention of EBV infection and EBV-associated disorders and methods for administering them. The vaccines are directed against HERV-K18 emv (SEQ ID:1) and most preferably comprise antigens obtained from HERV-K18 emv. Preferred antigens include SEQ ID:2, SEQ ID:3 and SEQ ID:4. Most preferably, the SAg T cell stimulatory activity of the HERV-K18 emv is diminished or eliminated. In another embodiment, the vaccine contains a nucleic acid encoding HERV-K18 emv or an immunogenic fragment thereof. The present invention also provides methods for treating EBV infection and EBV-associated disorders.
The patients received intravenous infusion of GNC-038 for 1 cycle. After the completion of 2 cycles of treatment, participants with no unbearable ae could proceed to the 3rd and 4th cycles of treatment. After four cycles of treatment, participants with clinical benefits could also receive four additional cycles of the same dose.
Participants in Group D will receive six injections over 6 months. Participants in this group will receive either ALVAC-HIV (vCP1452) and LIPO-5 or a placebo. Participants who receive the vaccine combination will receive four injections of the same dose of ALVAC-HIV (vCP1452) and two injections of LIPO-5. The dose of LIPO-5 will be different for participants in Groups C, D, and E.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by primary impairment in social competence. Effects of current psychosocial interventions often fail to maintain or generalize and few employ rigorous experimental methods. Our treatment, SENSE Theatre®, combines several well-documented, effective behavioral strategies, such as the inclusion of trained peer models, theatre play techniques involving predictable (i.e., scripted) and flexible (improvised) role-play, and repeated performance of newly learned skills resulting in greater automaticity of behavior. Recent findings from a randomized control trial (RCT) show immediate between-group effects and evidence of target engagement on the hypothesized mechanism of action, memory for faces, which was evaluated by neuropsychological and event-related potential (ERP) measures. Moreover, the RCT demonstrated treatment effects on social communication skills that generalized to home and community settings. Finally, maintained treatment effects were observed on communication symptoms. The proposed project will extend these findings and provide a stronger test of efficacy using an RCT of SENSE Theatre with a sample of approximately 40 adult participants with ASD (18 to 35 years) randomized to experimental (EXP; N = 20) and a wait list control group (WLC; N = 20) in two separate cohorts. The RCT will assess target engagement of memory for faces and functional change in social interaction with peers using examiners blind to study treatment group assignment. The significance and size of treatment effects on these cognitive and behavioral outcomes will be measured using ANOVA and linear mixed models. Thus, the overarching aim of the study is to determine whether detected changes in face memory and social interaction are due to the SENSE Theatre® treatment and the extent to which these changes generalize and maintain. If predicted results occur, it will provide strong empirical support for a community-based treatment that has generalized effects on a set of core deficits that otherwise have life-long consequences for adults with ASD.
A wound healing antiscarring topical, composition of centella and ginseng. It comprises centella whole extract in 0.01 - 1% by weight and ginseng extract in 0.01 - 0.5% by weight as actives and optionally formulating agents. A process for the preparation of the composition which comprises mixing the actives centella whole extract in 0.01 - 1% by weight and ginseng extract in 0.01 - 0.5% by weight optionally with formulating agents at 25-70°C. A wound healing antiscarring medicated pad of centella and ginseng.   The pad comprises a permeable material strip impregnated with centella whole extract in 0.01 - 1% weight/weight and ginseng extract in 0.01 - 0.5% weight/weight as actives. A method of making the pad which comprises dissolving the actives centella whole extract and ginseng extract in a solvent such that the solution contains 0.008 - 0.8% and 0.008 - 0.4% weight/weight of the actives. A permeable material strip is impregnated with the solutions of the actives such that the percentage weight pick-up or add-on weight thereon is 130 ~ 40%. The medicated strip is dried to evaporate the solvent.
FIELD: medicine, peptides. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to development and use of the novel anxiolytic agent. Invention proposes to use heptapeptide Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro as an anxiolytic agent and the novel composition of anxiolytic agent containing indicated heptapeptide as an active substance in amount of 1.45-1.55 g/l, nipagine as a preserving agent in amount of 0.95-1.05 g/l and distilled water, the balance. Composition is used as nasal drops. EFFECT: high effectiveness in low doses, simplified using. 2 cl, 19 tbl, 14 dwg, 11 ex
This is a double blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test the efficacy of MTX for managing ENL. Patients diagnosed with moderate or severe ENL at ENLIST Group centres in Bangladesh, Brazil, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia and Nepal will be randomly allocated to receive a 15 or 20 mg of oral MTX each week for 48 weeks and prednisolone 40 mg per day reducing to zero over 20 weeks. The control group will receive an identical prednisolone scheme. The participants will be stratified into two groups, those with acute ENL, those with chronic/recurrent ENL. The interventions for both populations are the same, although analysed separately. Adverse effects (AE) will be closely monitored clinically and using laboratory tests. Participants will receive folic acid, 5mg daily for 52 weeks except on the day of MTX to prevent AEs, and nausea will be managed with ondansetron.
Tea is widely thought to have health benefits, particularly on cardiovascular disease (CVD). The investigator's group recently found that intake of 2 or more cups of tea per day was associated with a 44% lower long-term mortality rate than abstention from tea among 1900 patients hospitalized with myocardial infarction. Short-term trials support a benefit of tea on endothelial function, but long-term randomized trials of tea intake on CVD and atherosclerosis are needed to test the effects of tea definitively.

The researchers propose a proof-of-principle pilot study of the effect of long-term tea intake on atherosclerosis. From a large hospital-based primary care practice, 30 patients at high risk for CVD will be recruited and randomized to a six-month period of consumption of 3 cups per day of either tea, supplied as black tea solids readily dissolved in hot or cold liquid, or water. The polyphenol content of these solids will be confirmed at baseline, and a single batch of tea throughout the study will be used. At baseline and after 6 months, aortic atherosclerosis using magnetic resonance imaging, an accurate and reproducible method for measurement of arterial plaque size, will be assessed. Adherence using urinary catechins, the primary flavonoids in tea, will be measured. The primary outcomes will be compliance with tea intake and 2 MRI examinations. As secondary outcomes, standard and novel cardiovascular risk markers, including inflammatory, prothrombotic, fibrinolytic, and metabolic factors will be measured. The researchers will also assess the effects of tea consumption on oxidizability of LDL and VLDL cholesterol, using a novel affinity-column chromatography approach, and on endothelial integrity, as assessed by serum markers of endothelial function. If successful, this pilot study will form the basis for a larger, long-term randomized trial to determine the effect of tea consumption on progression of atherosclerosis.
BACKGROUND: Carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 is an established perioperative prognostic biomarker for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, it is unclear how CA19-9 monitoring should be used during postoperative surveillance to detect recurrence and to guide the initiation of recurrence-focused therapy.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to elucidate the value of CA19-9 as a diagnostic biomarker for disease recurrence in patients who underwent PDAC resection.
METHODS: Serum CA19-9 levels at diagnosis, after surgery, and during postoperative follow-up were analyzed in patients who underwent PDAC resection. All patients with at least two postoperative follow-up CA19-9 measurements before recurrence were included. Patients deemed to be nonsecretors of CA19-9 were excluded. The relative increase in postoperative CA19-9 was calculated for each patient by dividing the maximum postoperative CA19-9 value by the first postoperative value. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to identify the optimal threshold for the relative increase in CA19-9 levels to identify recurrence in the training set using Youden's index. The performance of this cutoff was validated in a test set by calculating the area under the curve (AUC) and was compared to the performance of the optimal cutoff for postoperative CA19-9 measurements as a continuous value. In addition, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were assessed.
RESULTS: In total, 271 patients were included, of whom 208 (77%) developed recurrence. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that a relative increase in postoperative serum CA19-9 of 2.6× was predictive of recurrence, with 58% sensitivity, 83% specificity, 95% positive predictive value, and 28% negative predictive value. The AUC for a 2.6× relative increase in the CA19-9 level was 0.719 in the training set and 0.663 in the test set. The AUC of postoperative CA19-9 as a continuous value (optimal threshold, 52) was 0.671 in the training set. In the training set, the detection of a 2.6-fold increase in CA19-9 preceded the detection of recurrence by a mean difference of 7 months ( P <0.001) and in the test set by 10 months ( P <0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: A relative increase in the postoperative serum CA19-9 level of 2.6-fold is a stronger predictive marker for recurrence than a continuous CA19-9 cutoff. A relative CA19-9 increase can precede the detection of recurrence on imaging for up to 7 to 10 months. Therefore, CA19-9 dynamics can be used as a biomarker to guide the initiation of recurrence-focused treatment.
All EVDs will be placed by neurological surgeons in either the major operating suite or in an ICU setting using a previously published protocol. This protocol includes using a burr hole entry point 1 cm anterior to the coronal suture in the mid-pupillary line, prep and sterile drape, pre-procedural antibiotic administration, and tunneling the catheter to an exit site at least 5 cm from the incision. In general, physicians are instructed to first attempt distal irrigation of the drainage chamber using sterile techniques (rarely effective), followed by gentle aspiration of the proximal system and catheter if distal flushing is not effective. If these do not restore patency, a small volume of sterile saline, 3 ml or less, is flushed proximally into the catheter. Patency is checked by lowering the EVD drainage system and evaluating for spontaneous flow through the EVD.
Patients receive arsenic trioxide IV over 1-4 hours on days 1-5. Treatment repeats every 21 days for a maximum of 6 courses in the absence of unacceptable toxicity or disease progression. Patients with responding or stable disease may receive 6 additional courses.
Severe hyperglycemia, associated with ketoacidosis, occurred in patients treated with TRUQAP. The safety of TRUQAP has not been established in patients with Type I diabetes or diabetes requiring insulin. Patients with insulin dependent diabetes were excluded from CAPItello-291.

Hyperglycemia occurred in 18% of patients treated with TRUQAP. Grade 3 (insulin therapy initiated; hospitalization indicated) or Grade 4 (life-threatening consequences; urgent intervention indicated) hyperglycemia occurred in 2.8% of patients. Diabetic ketoacidosis occurred in 0.3% of patients and diabetic metabolic decompensation in 0.6% of patients. Dose reduction for hyperglycemia was required in 0.6% of patients and permanent discontinuation was required in 0.6% of patients. The median time to first occurrence of hyperglycemia was 15 days (range: 1 to 367).

In the 65 patients with hyperglycemia, 45% required treatment with anti-hyperglycemic medication (insulin in 15%, and metformin in 29%). Of the 29 patients who required anti-hyperglycemic medication during treatment with TRUQAP, 66% (19/29) remained on these medications at treatment discontinuation or last follow up.

Evaluate fasting blood glucose (FG) and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) and optimize blood glucose prior to treatment. Before initiating TRUQAP, inform patients about TRUQAP’s potential to cause hyperglycemia and to immediately contact their healthcare professional if hyperglycemia symptoms occur (e.g., excessive thirst, urinating more often than usual or greater amount of urine than usual, increased appetite with weight loss). Evaluate FG at least every two weeks during the first month and at least once a month starting from the second month, prior to the scheduled dose of TRUQAP. Monitor HbA1c every three months. Monitor FG more frequently during treatment with TRUQAP in patients with a medical history of diabetes mellitus and in patients with risk factors for hyperglycemia such as obesity (BMI ≥ 30), elevated FG of > 160 mg/dL (> 8.9 mmol/L), HbA1c at or above the upper limit of normal, use of concomitant systemic corticosteroids, or intercurrent infections.

If a patient experiences hyperglycemia after initiating treatment with TRUQAP, monitor FG as clinically indicated, and at least twice weekly until FG decreases to normal levels. During treatment with anti-hyperglycemic medication, continue monitoring FG at least once a week for 8 weeks, followed by once every 2 weeks and as clinically indicated. Consider consultation with a healthcare practitioner with expertise in the treatment of hyperglycemia and counsel patients on lifestyle changes. 

Withhold, reduce dose, or permanently discontinue TRUQAP based on severity [see Dosage and Administration (2.4)].
Only the neurodevelopmental therapy was applied in the control group without music. A total of 15 treatments were administered for 5 weeks, 3 sessions per week for all patients. The sessions were 45 minutes.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is by far the most common form of human malignancy, affecting more than 3.5 million Americans each year. Aberrant activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway, typically through loss of the receptor Patched (PTCH) or oncogenic activation of Smoothened (SMO), has been identified as the primary driver of BCC growth and development. In particular, up to 1 in 57,000 individuals in the US are affected by a rare, autosomal dominant disorder characterized by mutations in protein patched homolog 1 (PTCH1) known as basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS). These patients can develop dozens to hundreds of BCCs at any one time (1-5). Surgical removal of the entire tumor burden is not feasible.

Hh-targeted therapies employing inhibitors of SMO (i.e., Vismodegib, Sonidegib) have shown remarkable efficacy in reducing tumor burden in BCC patients. However, the sustained clinical utility of these agents has been hampered by the rapid development of clinical resistance, significant tumor recurrence, and toxicity. Treatment strategies directed at finding additional molecular or immunological targets may enhance the possibility of sustained remission and/or cure of these tumors. Emerging data from our research group and others suggest the therapeutic efficacy of SMO inhibition may be dependent on immunological mechanisms. Hh inhibition appears to increase T cell recruitment and activation as well as upregulate major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I expression on tumor cells. These data, together with case reports demonstrating the efficacy of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibition in Hh inhibitor-naïve and resistant BCCs, support a role for anti-tumor immunity in BCC and underscore the potential enhanced therapeutic efficacy of combined SMO and immunological checkpoint inhibition.