anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The recommended initial dose for adults is 1 mg at bedtime; however, some patients may need a 2 mg dose. In healthy elderly patients, 1 mg is also the appropriate starting dose, but increases should be initiated with particular care. In small or debilitated older patients, a starting dose of 0.5 mg, while only marginally effective in the overall elderly population, should be considered.

  


Discontinuation or Dosage Reduction of Estazolam

To reduce the risk of withdrawal reactions, use a gradual taper to discontinue estazolam or reduce the dosage. If a patient develops withdrawal reactions, consider pausing the taper or increasing the dosage to the previous tapered dosage level. Subsequently decrease the dosage more slowly (see WARNINGS, Dependence and Withdrawal Reactions and DRUG ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE, Dependence).
Base-of-thumb osteoarthritis is the most frequent osteoarthritis of the hand requiring surgical treatment, although conservative treatment options should be exhausted before surgery. If the wear process progresses with continuing pain-related loss of thumb function, thus leading to a loss of function of the whole hand, surgical treatment is indicated. In 1947, Gervis published results after trapeziectomy and heralded the development of a multitude of different surgical procedures. The long time needed for rehabilitation is a major problem of trapeziectomy with or without tendon interposition and/or suspension. After the implementation of the first CMC I prosthesis by De la Caffiniere 50 years ago, a rapid development took place, leading to the current modular bipolar implants. Especially in the German-speaking world, there is still some scepticism regarding these prostheses, which is why this review aims to illuminate both surgical procedures with a special focus placed on the aspects of indication.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pigment exhibiting long-lasting dyeing and to provide a composition containing the pigment.  <P>SOLUTION: The latent pigment which is soluble in medium suitable for dyeing and can be chemically, thermally or photo-chemically converted into a water insoluble dye in a fiber, is used for dyeing keratin fibers, especially human keratin fibers such as the hair or the like. The pigment composition contains the latent pigment. The latent pigment is expressed by formula (I). Wherein x is an integer of 1-8, A is reactive dye chromophore groups, B is H or a group expressed by formula (II), Z is a cationic water-solubilising group Z<SP>+</SP>or a polyethyleneglycol residue, Y is a hetero atom, F and F' are each an alkylene chain.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) with biventricular pacemakers and implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICD) has proven to be a valuable therapy in selected patients with systolic heart failure, ameliorating both morbidity and mortality. However, with current selection criteria and implant technique, about 20 to 30 % of patients remain non-responders. Non-responders might be due to failing selection criteria or methodology in casu echocardiography. However, an important number of non-responders may result of sub-optimal positioning of the left ventricular lead, remote from the site of delayed activation. Endocardial left ventricular stimulation may ameliorate the shortcomings of epicardial stimulation. The advantage of an endocardial approach is the absence of phrenic nerve stimulation which regularly complicates epicardial pacing, a more predictable pacing threshold and much less restriction to position the lead in the area of interest. Transseptal left ventricular endocardial pacing has already been used in patients in whom standard epicardial pacing was not applicable.
The care of critically ill patients with acute respiratory failure involves life-or-death decisions. Ideally, intensive care unit (ICU) clinicians should include patients or their families in shared decision making, which promotes goal-concordant care (i.e., care aligned with patients' preferences), reduces psychological distress for both families and clinicians, and shortens ICU length of stay. However, racial disparities have been documented in shared decision making and associated outcomes. In outpatient settings, clinicians treat Black patients differently from White patients, providing fewer treatment options, less prognostic information, and less emotional support, and making assumptions about rather than eliciting patient preferences. Disparities in shared decision making are likely to be amplified in the ICU because clinicians often do not have long-standing relationships with patients or families, and decisions are complex, emotional, and time-pressured. Yet, no interventions currently exist to address racial disparities in shared decision making about acute respiratory failure. This research will directly fill this gap.
Selective RET inhibitors have shown promise in thyroid cancer (TC) and nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring RET fusions on next-generation sequencing (NGS), although rarity of the rearrangement has led to limited data for certain tumor types, such as carcinoma of unknown primary. We present a 65-year-old female with no history of malignancy, smoking or radiation exposure, who was found to have an anterior mediastinum malignancy of unknown primary, with metastases to supraclavicular lymph nodes. Core biopsy of the mediastinum revealed poorly differentiated carcinoma, while a biopsy of the thyroid revealed atypia of indeterminate significance (Bethesda III). PD-L1 immunohistochemistry was positive (90%), and liquid NGS revealed mutations in TP53 and the TERT promoter (c.-124C>T), as well as a CCDC6-RET fusion. This genetic profile resembled an anaplastic TC vs. NSCLC primary, although thymic primary and poorly differentiated TC remained on the differential. The patient was initiated on selpercatinib, which was held after 3 weeks due to thrombocytopenia and hypertension. At a reduced dosage, patient developed transaminitis, and selpercatinib was switched to pralsetinib. Brain MRI showed a nonenhancing temporal lobe signal abnormality, which on biopsy proved to be glioblastoma (GBM) with TERT promoter c.-124C>T mutation and FGFR3-TACC3 fusion by NGS. Pralsetinib was held during adjuvant chemoradiation for the GBM, and again for 4 weeks due to pneumonitis that resolved with steroids, and pralsetinib was restarted at a reduced dose. The patient has since demonstrated a stable reduction of the mediastinal mass for >15 months with RET inhibition therapy, despite several treatment interruptions.
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is an economically important fruit crop cultivated worldwide. In China, grapevine cultivation is very extensive, and a few Vitis grapes have excellent pathogen and stress resistance, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the grapevine response to stress remain unclear. In this study, a microRNA (miRNA; miR827a), which negatively regulates its target gene VqMYB14, a key regulatory role in the synthesis of stilbenes, was identified in Vitis quinquangularis (V. quinquangularis) using transcriptome sequencing. Using overexpression and silencing approaches, we found that miR827a regulates the synthesis of stilbenes by targeting VqMYB14. We used flagellin N-terminal 22-amino-acid peptide (flg22), the representative elicitor in plant basal immunity, as the elicitor to verify whether miR827a is involved in the basal immunity of V. quinquangularis. Furthermore, the promoter activity of miR827a was alleviated in transgenic grape protoplasts and Arabidopsis thaliana following treatment with flg22 and Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000), respectively. In addition, yeast one-hybrid and dual luciferase reporter assay revealed that the ethylene transcription factor VqERF057 acted as a key regulator in the inhibition of miR827a transcription. These results will contribute to the understanding of the biological functions of miR827a in grapevine and clarify the molecular mechanism of the interaction between miR827a and VqMYB14.
Patients receive 1 of the 4 standard of care chemotherapy regimens based on treating investigator's choice: Choice A: Patients receive docetaxel IV on day 1. Cycles repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Choice B: Patients receive gemcitabine IV on days 1, 8, and 15. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Choice C: Patients receive paclitaxel IV on days 1, 8, and 15. Cycles repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Choice D: Patients receive sacituzumab govitecan IV on days 1 and 8. Cycles repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo CT, MRI and bone scan throughout the trial. Patients also undergo blood and urine sample collection on the trial.
Systemic evaluation of dose and/or interval between dose has not been done. However, on limited clinical experience, the recommended initial dose of trientine hydrochloride capsules is 500 to 750 mg/day for pediatric patients and 750 to 1,250 mg/day for adults given in divided doses two, three or four times daily. This may be increased to a maximum of 2,000 mg/day for adults or 1,500 mg/day for pediatric patients age 12 or under.

The daily dose of trientine hydrochloride should be increased only when the clinical response is not adequate or the concentration of free serum copper is persistently above 20 mcg/dL. Optimal long-term maintenance dosage should be determined at   
6 to 12 month intervals (see PRECAUTIONS, Laboratory Tests).

It is important that trientine hydrochloride capsules be given on an empty stomach, at least one hour before meals or two hours after meals and at least one hour apart from any other drug, food, or milk. The capsules should be swallowed whole with water and should not be opened or chewed.
PURPOSE:To provide a germanium-containing medicinal liquid containing an aqueous solution containing a specific amount of germanium as a main agent and exhibiting remarkable remedying effect to athlete's foot, skin-beautifying effect, hair tonic effect, body warming effect, etc. CONSTITUTION:A germanium-containing medicinal liquid is produced by using an aqueous solution containing 200-4,000ppm of germanium (in terms of element) as a main agent. The germanium-containing medicinal liquid has excellent remedying effect to athlete's food, skin activation effect, hair tonic effect, body- warming effect, blood flow accelerating effect, etc. Since germanium is unreactive with ordinary compounds, it can be used in combination with other liquid cosmetic (e.g. milky lotion, hair dressing, etc.). It is useful also as a base aqueous solution for water-based ointment.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To accumulate the contents of various medical actions (prescription, etc.: medication/treatment/examination, etc.) actually carried out by medical institutes in order to cope with various disease names (disease name/symptom/remark, etc.) and the frequency of execution thereof beyond the realm of medical institutes or medical educational institutes and efficiently provide them to a number of doctors beyond the realm of medical institutes or medical educational institutes.  <P>SOLUTION: A computer 10 of a medical institute A transmits the prescription or the like of the own institute to a disease name or the like to a computer 50 of a center. The computer 50 of the center retains prescriptions or the like actually carried out by a number of medical institutes to this disease name, and updates them with a value after the addition of the received data, and transmits the prescriptions or the like actually carried out by a number of medical institutes to the disease name to the computer 10 of the medical institute A. According to this, the computer 10 comparatively displays the both.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI
PURPOSE:To obtain a platelet aggregation preventive containing phosphoenolpyruvic acid as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:Phosphoenolpyruvic acid and/or its salts are contained as an active ingredient. It can selectively suppress the mutual action between platelets and red blood cells without inhibition of platelet functions. Further, the use of said platelet aggregation preventive provides preserved platelet liquid preparation of high storability, excellent resuspensibility and high safeguard. Since the preserved liquid preparation contains glucose and acetic acid, both metabolic paths of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in platelet smoothly functions and platelet can afford sufficient energy. Further, the preventive can be also used as a blood additive in the external blood circulation to prevent the platelet aggregation starting from the nuclei of red blood cells in the external path.
Patients complete questionnaires over 30-40 minutes about daily activity and feelings, complete thinking and walking tests over 10 minutes, and undergo collection of blood samples before the first dose of chemotherapy and 90, 180, and 365 days after first dose of chemotherapy. Patients with non-small lung cancer also undergo collection of stool sample.
This is a phaseⅠsequential-group study of ascending single and multiple oral doses administered to subjects with HER2-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer. Each subject will receive a single dose of Hemay022, followed by a 1-week observation period, and then will receive Hemay022 administered once daily by mouth for 28 days. Each cycle consist of 28 days. Subjects will be enrolled in groups of 3 to 6. Depending on the safety and activity profile observed during the dose escalation phase, the dose selected for Part 2 may be adjusted. Part 2 is an extension part of three dose groups.
Since methocarbamol may possess a general CNS depressant effect, patients receiving methocarbamol tablets should be cautioned about combined effects with alcohol and other CNS depressants.

Safe use of methocarbamol has not been established with regard to possible adverse effects upon fetal development. There have been reports of fetal and congenital abnormalities following in utero exposure to methocarbamol. Therefore, methocarbamol tablets should not be used in women who are or may become pregnant and particularly during early pregnancy unless in the judgment of the physician the potential benefits outweigh the possible hazards (see PRECAUTIONS, PREGNANCY).

Use In Activities Requiring Mental Alertness

Methocarbamol may impair mental and/or physical abilities required for performance of hazardous tasks, such as operating machinery or driving a motor vehicle. Patients should be cautioned about operating machinery, including automobiles, until they are reasonably certain that methocarbamol therapy does not adversely affect their ability to engage in such activities.
Before the blood glucose measurement and insulin injection, patients with diabetes will be given ice for 5 minutes. It is planned to apply ice cubes in liquid-proof ice bags.
PURPOSE: An accurate, reproducible method to calculate post-operative facial swelling in patients who have undergone orthognathic surgery is important to evaluate the effects of different therapies and surgical techniques on edema. The purpose of this study was to describe such a method and assess its reliability.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study of patients undergoing orthognathic surgery was conducted. 3D facial photographs were taken on these patients immediately postoperatively, and again at least 21 days later using the 3DMD face system (3DMD LLC., Atlanta, GA, USA). These were cropped using specific anatomic points and the difference in facial volume between the photographs was calculated. Intra-rater reliability and inter-rater reliability were assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC).
RESULTS: 30 patients were included in the study for analysis. When the difference in facial swelling was calculated twice by the same rater, the mean difference between the two measurements was 4.0 ± 4.2 mL. When calculated by two separate raters, the mean difference was found to be 5.0 ± 3.8 mL. The ICCs for intra-rater and inter-rater reliability were excellent at 0.979 and 0.981 respectively.
CONCLUSION: This method allows for reproducible calculation of post-operative facial swelling and could be useful to evaluate the effects of different therapies used to limit swelling and to track the resolution of swelling. It can also potentially be used as a visual aid for patient counseling during the pre-surgical visits.
The invention provides an oil-in-water-in-oil type inactivated vaccine for an avian influenza virus and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: cultivation of the avian influenza virus, inactivation of the virus, virus concentration, vaccine emulsification and the like. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages that a local separated avian influenza virus is adopted and bred by using an MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney) cell instead of chicken embryo tissue; the production cost of the vaccine is reduced; the quality is easy to balance and stabilize; the yield and the quality of the vaccine are significantly improved. The vaccine is emulsified by using a homogenizer; the prepared vaccine is of an oil-in-water-in-oil type. Compared with the traditional water-in-oil dosage form, the vaccine is low in viscosity, small in particle size and easy to assimilate. The adjuvants used in the oil-in-water-in-oil type inactivated vaccine do not include any surfactant ingredient in the preparation process of the vaccine; the prepared vaccine is good in safety; the side effect due to the fact that the traditional oil adjuvant is difficult to assimilate is avoided.
Terahertz wave plethysmography provides a new principle of radar-based vital sign detection. This disclosure presents new applications at terahertz (THz) frequency band for non-contact cardiac sensing. For the first time, cardiac pulse information is shown to be simultaneously extracted based on two established principles using unique THz waves. A novel concept of Terahertz-Wave-Plethysmography (TPG) is introduced, which detects blood volume changes in the upper dermis tissue layer by measuring the reflectance of THz waves, similar to the existing remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) principle. A detailed analysis of pulse measurement using THz is provided. The TPG principle is justified by scientific deduction and carefully designed experimental demonstrations. Additionally, pulse measurements from various peripheral body regions of interest (ROIs), including palm, inner elbow, temple, fingertip, and forehead, are demonstrated using a novel ultra-wideband (UWB) THz sensing system.
Scedosporium/Lomentospora is an opportunistic fungal pathogen found worldwide. While Scedosporium apiospermum and Scedosporium boydii are commonly observed globally, Lomentospora prolificans, which mainly affects immunosuppressed individuals, is rarely encountered and is more prevalent in arid climates, particularly in Australia and Spain. L.prolificans is a fungus commonly found in environmental sources such as contaminated water and soil. This species is known as an opportunistic pathogen that can cause deep-seated fungal infections, especially in immunosuppressed individuals. In this case report, a fatal case of L.prolificans fungemia in a patient with T-cell large granular leukemia during profound neutropenia was presented. The patient admitted to the hospital with prolonged fever, neutropenia, and shortness of breath. Antibiotherapy was administered to the patient for febrile neutropenia, but the fever persisted and his clinical status rapidly deteriorated. L.prolificans was isolated from the blood culture, and considering its antifungal resistance, combination therapy of voriconazole and terbinafine was initiated. However, the patient died of septic shock and multiple organ failure. In conclusion, although L.prolificans infections are rare, they can be life-threatening, especially in immunosuppressed individuals. Diagnosis and treatment of such infections may be difficult, therefore rapid diagnostic methods and appropriate treatment protocols should be developed. Consideration of infections caused by rare fungal pathogens in patients with risk factors may be critical for patient care. The literature review revealed that the first case of L.prolificans fungemia from Türkiye was reported in 2023. This case presentation represents the second reported case. However, in our case, L.prolificans fungemia occurred in 2018, it can be considered that L.prolificans may have been an invasive fungal pathogen of significant concern in Türkiye much earlier than previously documented.
A common treatment for venous thromboembolic disease in patients with contraindications to anticoagulation includes placement of an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter. Temporary filters are available to avoid the risk of long-term permanent placement. A woman in her 60s with a history of uterine serous carcinoma presented to the emergency department with cardiac arrest following elective attempted IVC filter removal. Three months prior, a temporary filter was placed because anticoagulation medication was stopped in preparation for a hysterectomy. During the IVC retrieval procedure, which was performed using an intravascular approach from the right jugular vein, the filter was tilted, requiring the use of a different retrieval sheath. During catheter reentry, the patient complained of discomfort in the chest and neck, after which she became hypotensive, lost consciousness, and died. Autopsy revealed 2 cardiac perforations, one in each ventricle. Approximately 600 mL of liquid and clotted blood was within the tense pericardial sac. An IVC filter was found in place, with no adjacent hemorrhage.To our knowledge, this is the first reported fatality due to cardiac perforation by an access sheath during intravascular removal of an IVC filter. This instance also documents the time course of the cardiac perforations to the resultant loss of consciousness.
The invention discloses a micro needle transdermal patch for treating osteoarthritis and a preparation method thereof. The micro needle transdermal patch is prepared from bark of oriental variegated coralbean, radix achyranthis bidentatae, tinospora sinensis(Lour.)Merr., caulis spatholobi, radix clematidis, rhizoma homalomenae, herba lycopodii, lignum sappan, raw folium artemisiae argyi, herbs of tuberculate speranskia, rhizoma corydalis, seeds of peppertree pricklyash and tacrolimus. The patch is composed of a base plate, medicament, an ointment blank patch body and an ointment back patch body, the front face of the base plate is provided with a plurality of micro needles, micro needle gaps are formed among the micro needles, the medicament is stored in the micro needle gaps and a porous structure, the back face of the base plate is a plane and is pasted to the inner surface of the ointment blank patch body, the inner surface of the ointment back patch body is arranged on the front face of the base plate in a covering mode, and the inner surface of the ointment blank patch body and the inner surface of the ointment back patch body are fixedly connected in a pasting mode. The invention further discloses preparation steps of the micro needle transdermal patch. The micro needle transdermal patch has the advantages of being good in curative effect, quick in effect initiating, nearly free of damage to human skin and free of toxic or side effect.