anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention discloses a Tibetan medicine for treating vernal keratoconjunctivitis. The Tibetan medicine consists of active components or active components and auxiliary materials acceptable on pharmacy, wherein the active components are prepared by mixing berberis paste, saffron and bear gallbladders powder according to a certain weight ratio. The Tibetan medicine can be prepared into eye-drops preparations. The Tibetan medicine disclosed by the invention has the effects in clearing away the inner heat and removing nebula for improving eyesight. In Tibetan medicine, the medicine can be used for treating eye diseases caused by wind and bile disorders. In Traditional medicine, the medicine can be used for treating hyperemia of bulbar conjunctiva, more gums in the eyes, photophobia and tearing, and treating patients with conjunctivitis or keratitis.
Stroke is the second leading cause of death behind ischemic heart disease worldwide. Traditional treatments have some limitations whereas preclinical data suggest that stem cell therapy is a promising regenerative medical treatment given the limited capacity of the central nervous system for self-repairs after ischemic stroke. Previous studies have shown that umbilical cord blood-derived Mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSC) infusion improves the outcomes of several neurological damage conditions, including stroke. These results encouraged us to initiate the phase I/II clinical trial aiming to evaluate the safety and the efficiency of UC-MSC transplantation in the treatment of patients with neurological complications after ischemic stroke. This case-control phase I/II trial is conducted at Vinmec Times City International Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam between 2021 and 2023. In this trial, 48 patients with neurological complications after ischemic stroke will be enrolled into 3 groups: UC-MSC infusion via intravenous route group (16), UC-MSC infusion via intrathecal administration route group (16), and control group (16). The UC-MSC group (IV/intrathecal) will receive two doses of thawed UC-MSC product at 1.5x106 cells/kg patient body weight with an intervention interval of three months. The primary outcome measures will include the incidence of prespecified administration-associated adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs). The potential efficacy will be measured using these scales including National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale-NIHSS, Functional Independence Measure -FIM, Modified Ashworth Scale-MAS, Fine motor skills-FMS, 36-Item Short Form Survey -SF-36. The clinical evaluation will be conducted at baseline and 3-, 6- and 12-months post-intervention.
INTRODUCTION: The global rise in aesthetic surgery has led to an increase in aesthetic medical tourism (AMT). As patients pursue surgical interventions abroad, concerns about the elevated complication rates in AMT have emerged. This study explores the complexities of AMT, emphasizing the intersection of plastic surgery and aerospace medicine, to elucidate the incidence of complications, identify associated variables, and introduce aeromedical considerations to proactively enhance patient safety.
METHODS: A comprehensive retrospective observational cohort study was conducted using data spanning 2004 to 2023 from a private plastic surgery practice in Bogota, Colombia. The study included 3367 patients, of whom 26% were international patients. Sociodemographic and clinical variables, flight details, and surgical complications were analyzed. Statistical analyses involved descriptive statistics, odds ratios, and multiple regression analyses.
RESULTS: Of the 865 AMT patients, 75 exhibited complications. Infection and wound dehiscence were the most prevalent; no severe complications or mortality was reported. The study revealed that AMT patients have a higher risk of complications compared to those locally treated (adjusted odds ratio = 4.6; 95% confidence interval = 2.6-8.2). Flight time exceeding 4 h was a factor associated with nonaesthetic complications.
DISCUSSION: This study reveals that AMT is linked to a higher risk of nonaesthetic complications, with flight duration being a significant contributing factor. Despite the increased risk, complication rates for AMT patients did not surpass thresholds reported in the literature; this may be attributed to the safety protocols implemented. Aeromedical considerations played a crucial role in mitigating physiological stress associated with air travel. Hoyos AE, Ramirez B, Benavides J, Perez Pachon ME, Varela A. Aeromedical considerations for patient safety in aesthetic medical tourism. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(10):765-770.
Currently, patients in the Emergency Department at VCUHS experiencing opioid withdrawal, after reversal of opioid intoxication by naloxone, do not receive any direct treatment to stop the symptoms. They do receive indirect treatment aimed at each specific symptom, such as an anti-emetic to stop vomiting. The investigators propose directly treating all of the symptoms with the medication Suboxone, (buprenorphine/naloxone). Buprenorphine is a partial agonist on the Mu-receptor, which means it will provide less opioid effect than morphine, but should provide enough to make opioid withdrawal more tolerable. This is very important because stopping the withdrawal symptoms early will prevent the patient from quickly leaving and using opioids again, continuing their addiction cycle. The naloxone is included with buprenorphine as a deterrent to prevent intravenous injection of the drug for abuse. The investigators believe that if the patient is treated with Suboxone for withdrawal in the emergency department, and transported to the outpatient addiction treatment center at VCU, called the MOTIVATE clinic, the investigators can potentially break that cycle and help the patient work toward recovering. If successful, the investigators hope to improve the quality of life, prevent further overdose and death in those suffering from this deadly addiction.

Buprenorphine effectively treats the opioid withdrawal state. This has been demonstrated in many studies during the initial induction period with buprenorphine. Many of these patients are experiencing opioid withdrawal during this time. The sublingual dose can effectively be increased to resolve symptoms. According to many protocols and guidelines, acute opioid withdrawal is the preferred state of the patient when buprenorphine should be started.
Moderate-to-severe acute postsurgical pain (APSP) can prolong the recovery and worsen the prognosis of patients who undergo spinal surgery. Esketamine and pregabalin may resolve APSP without causing hyperpathia or respiratory depression after surgery. However, there are other risks, such as dissociative symptoms. We designed a randomized controlled trial to investigate the effect of the combination of these 2 drugs on the incidence of APSP in patients who underwent resection of spinal neoplasms. Patients aged 18 to 65 years were randomized to receive esketamine (a bolus dose of 0.5 mg·kg -1 and an infusion dose of 0.12 mg·kg -1 ·h -1 for 48 hours after surgery) combined with oral pregabalin (75-150 mg/day, starting 2 hours before surgery and ending at 2 weeks after surgery) or an identical volume of normal saline and placebo capsules. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with moderate-to-severe APSP (visual analog scale score ≥ 40) during the first 48 hours after surgery. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of drug-related adverse events. A total of 90 patients were randomized. The incidence of moderate-to-severe APSP in the combined group (27.3%) was lower than that in the control group (60.5%) during the first 48 hours after surgery (odds ratio = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.10-0.61; P = 0.002). The occurrence of mild dissociative symptoms was higher in the combined group than in the control group (18.2% vs 0%). In conclusion, esketamine combined with pregabalin could effectively alleviate APSP after spinal surgery, but an analgesic strategy might increase the risk of mild dissociative symptoms.
Neuropsychiatric lupus is comprised of numerous, complex central and peripheral nervous system symptoms whose pathophysiologic mechanisms remain poorly understood. Cross-reactive anti-dsDNA antibodies have been shown to bind NR2A/NR2B subunits of the N-methyl D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) on neurons and synergize with glutamate in a concentration dependent manner to either modulate receptor function or cause an excitotoxic, non-inflammatory neuronal death. Mice immunized to express anti-NMDAR Aab demonstrate a causal relationship between anti-NMDAR Aab and persistent behavioral and cognitive neuropathology following compromise to the blood brain barrier (BBB) which is necessary for Aab access to the brain.

The investigators' previous cross-sectional FDG-PET studies of resting brain glucose metabolism demonstrate robust hypermetabolism in the hippocampus of SLE subjects that associates independently with serum Anti-NMDAR Aab titer and impaired memory. Moreover, the combination of hippocampus hypermetabolism and elevated serum titers of Anti-NMDAR Aab has a higher predictive value for memory impairment than either variable alone. These significant correlations must be tested in a longitudinal study to evaluate the utility of FDG-PET as a biomarker for Anti-NMDAR Aab-mediated brain damage. The proposed longitudinal studies will inform the investigators about correlates of cognitive and behavioral change over time using FDG-PET imaging (Aim 1). Additionally, the investigators will explore NMDAR biology with a novel PET ligand, \[11C\]-CNS5161, used to localize and quantify NMDAR activation (Aim 2) and explore the role of blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity in cognitive and behavioral impairment (Aim 3).
PCT No. PCT/FI94/00509 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 6, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 6, 1996 PCT Filed Nov. 11, 1994 PCT Pub. No. WO95/13054 PCT Pub. Date May 18, 1995The object of the invention is a process for preparing a clodronate preparation. The process is characterized in that clodronate is crystallized as disodium clodronate tetrahydrate from an aqueous solution of disodium clodronate; the resulting disodium clodronate tetrahydrate is dry granulated by compressing in such a way that the crystal structure of the disodium clodronate tetrahydrate is preserved and by crumbling and screening the mass to granules of a sutiable size, the dry granulated disodium clodronate tetrahydrate is optionally mixed with suitable excipients, such as filling agents and gliding agents and, if necessary, disintegrants.
[US5776499A]
Pyroptosis, a typical inflammatory cell death mode, has been increasingly demonstrated to have therapeutic value in inflammatory diseases such as sepsis. However, the mechanisms and therapeutic targets of sepsis remain elusive. Here, we reported that REGγ inhibition promoted pyroptosis by regulating members of the gasdermin family in macrophages. Mechanistically, REGγ directly degraded Bim, a factor of the Bcl-2 family that can inhibit the cleavage of GSDMD/E, ultimately preventing the occurrence of pyroptosis. Furthermore, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis model mice showed downregulation of REGγ at both the RNA and protein levels. Gasdermin-mediated pyroptosis was augmented in REGγ-knockout mice, and these mice exhibited more severe sepsis-related tissue injury. More importantly, we found that REGγ expression was downregulated in clinical sepsis samples, such as those from patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infection. Finally, PA-infected mice showed decreased REGγ levels in the lung. In summary, our study reveals that the REGγ-Bim-GSDMD/E pathway is a novel regulatory mechanism of pyroptosis in sepsis-related tissue injury.
PURPOSE: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating disease with little effective treatment. The proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) induced by the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling activation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of PAH. Forsythoside B (FTS•B) possesses inhibitory effect on NF-κB signaling pathway. The present study aims to explore the effects and mechanisms of FTS•B in PAH.
METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats received monocrotaline (MCT) intraperitoneal injection to establish PAH model, and FTS•B was co-treated after MCT injection. Right ventricular hypertrophy and pulmonary artery pressure were measured by echocardiography and right heart catheterization, respectively. Histological alterations were detected by H&E staining and immunohistochemistry. FTS•B's role in PASMC proliferation and migration were evaluated by CCK-8 and wound healing assay. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining and ELISA were conducted. The NF-κB activator PMA was used to investigate the role of NF-κB in FTS•B's protective effects against PAH.
RESULTS: FTS•B markedly alleviated MCT-induced vascular remodeling and pulmonary artery pressure, and improved right ventricular hypertrophy and survival. FTS•B also reversed PDGF-BB-induced PASMC proliferation and migration, decreased PCNA and CyclinD1 expression in vitro. The elevated levels of IL-1β and IL-6 caused by MCT were decreased by FTS•B. Mechanistically, MCT-triggered phosphorylation of p65, IκBα, IKKα and IKKβ was blunted by FTS•B. FTS•B also reversed MCT-induced nuclear translocation of p65. However, all these protective effects were blocked by PMA-mediated NF-κB activation.
CONCLUSION: FTS•B effectively attenuates PAH by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway to attenuate vascular remodeling. FTS•B might be a promising drug candidate with clinical translational potential for the treatment of PAH.
Methods and compositions for treating and inhibiting hypotension related to both endotoxin and cytokine-induced shock are provided. A therapeutic regimen useful in the present invention includes an arginine-free parenteral formulation administered with or followed by the administration of an anti-endotoxin antibody, an interleukin-1 or interleukin-2 receptor antagonist, an anti-tumor necrosis factor antibody or a combination thereof. Most preferably, the administration of an arginine-free parenteral formulation augments the anti-hypotensive effect of the various antibodies and antagonist described so as to provide an effective treatment for various forms of hypotension. The therapeutic regimens of the invention are proposed to provide for a decrease in nitric oxide synthase, and thereby an increase in blood pressure in vivo, particularly in animals with cytokine- and/or endotoxin-induced hypotension. The parenteral formulation of the therapeutic regimen and methods of the invention are arginine-free and provide a decrease in plasma arginine levels. Reduced plasma, serum, or tissue levels of arginine in the animal function to augment the hypertensive action of the various antibodies and antagonist to be administered concurrently or subsequent to the administration of the parenteral formulation. Limiting and/or eliminating substrate arginine for nitric oxide synthesis, coupled with limiting and/or eliminating induction of nitric oxide synthase activity with the antibodies and antagonists of the present invention, provides a regimen for treating and/or inhibiting hypotension attendant a variety of conditions and treatments, including chemotherapeutic agent therapy (IFN, TNF, IL-1, IL-2), septic shock, trauma, exposure to endotoxins or cytokines, or other conditions in which hypotension is attendant.
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a clinical syndrome in patients with current or prior symptoms of HF with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 50 percent and evidence of cardiac dysfunction as a cause of symptoms (abnormal LV filling and elevated filling pressures). Previous studies have reported that HFpEF is related to various clinical risk factors such as hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, atrial fibrillation, myocardial ischemia with or without significant epicardial coronary artery stenosis, or myocardial infiltrative disease. Although its pathophysiology remains incompletely understood, findings from clinical and pre-clinical studies have suggested systemic endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) could be important pathophysiologic mechanisms for HFpEF.

In this regard, recent studies evaluated non-invasively measured coronary flow reserve (CFR) from positron emission tomography (PET), cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or Doppler echocardiography, and presented the association of depressed global CFR with cardiac diastolic dysfunction and higher risk of clinical events. The presence of CMD can be also evaluated by invasive physiologic assessment using both CFR and index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR). Nevertheless, there has been limited study which evaluated the association between HFpEF and CMD using invasive physiologic indices and their prognostic implications, especially in patients without significant coronary artery stenosis. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the incidence of CMD and its' prognostic implication in patients who have diagnosed as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) confirmed by HFA-PEFF scoring system without functionally significant coronary artery disease.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an improving medicine for perception responsive function applied to not only improvement of perception function lowered by senility, dementia, cerebropathy, etc., but also development of the perception function of healthy subject without side effects by using a specific unsaturated fatty acid as an active ingredient. SOLUTION: This improving medicine for perception responsive function is obtained by using docosahexaenoic acid as an active ingredient. The improving medicine for the perception responsive function is useful as a medicine for improving an auditory stimulation. The medicine is also useful as a medicine concerning dementia, especially a remedy or a preventive for the dementia. Not only a free acid but also its salt, ester, glyceride, phospholipid, choline compound, ascorbic acid compound, amino acid compound, etc., are used as the docosahexaenoic acid. The formulation amount of the docosahexaenoic acid based on the improving medicine for perception responsive function is 10-100wt.%, preferably 50-100wt.%.
All living cells have a circadian (daily) rhythm which controls a variety of bodily functions that change throughout the day, including body temperature, sleep, hunger, activity, hormone levels, etc. The circadian rhythm of the body is controlled by the amount of light that enters our eyes, so on our planet the length of the rhythm is 24 hours long. It is therefore reasonable to suspect that upsetting the timing of the rhythm would lead to changes in body function (as commonly experienced in "jet lag") and that prolonged changes might even lead to alterations in bodily functions and contribute to disease. This suggests that people whose service to the community that requires that they often work at night (nurses, doctors, police, hospital staff, firefighters, airline crews, factory workers, etc), might be at elevated risk of developing diseases. Studies have shown that women who do shift work have an elevated risk of breast cancer, probably as a result of altered hormone levels and cycling. Other studies have shown that vitamin supplementation with a naturally occurring dietary amino acid called organic selenium (i.e., methylselenocysteine) can restore this disrupted rhythm and possibly decrease this disease risk. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate whether taking daily selenium (i.e., methylselenocysteine) will restore the disrupted circadian rhythm in shift workers.
PURPOSE:To provide a new lignan derivative having bronchodilative activity, thus serviceable as a useful medicine for chronic airway-obstructive respiratory diseases. CONSTITUTION:The objective lignan derivative of the formula. This compound can be obtained by a process wherein: a cucumber tree is immersed in a lower alcohol or halogen-based solvent; the resulting extract is successively put to transfer dissolution in a low-polar organic solvent (e.g. n-hexane, petroleum ether), medium-polar organic solvent (e.g. diethyl ether, ethyl acetate), high-polar organic solvent (e.g. n-butanol, DMF), and water; the fraction for the medium- polar organic solvent is subjected to a silica gel column chromatography; of the compounds obtained from n-hexane-diethyl ether mixed solvent-eluted fractions, such a compound as to give an Rf value of 0.6 when developed on a silica get thin layer plate using an acetone/chloroform (1/9) mixed solvent is purified through silica gel chromatography or dispensing liquid chromatography.
A method to optimize learning based upon ocular information of a subject includes providing a video camera for recording a close-up view of a subject's eye. A first electronic display shows a plurality of educational subject matter to the subject. A second electronic display shows an output to an instructor. Changes in ocular signals of the subject are processed through the use optimized algorithms. A cognitive state model determines a low to a high cognitive load experienced by the subject. The cognitive state model is evaluated based on the changes in the ocular signals for determining a probability of the low to the high cognitive load experienced by the subject. The probability of the low to the high cognitive load experienced by the subject is displayed to the instructor.
Luks AM, Grissom CK. Evaluation and Management of the Individual with Recurrent HAPE. High Alt Med Biol. 25:238-246, 2024. Individuals with a history of acute altitude illness often seek recommendations from medical providers on how to prevent such problems on future ascents to high elevation. Although many of these cases can be managed with pharmacologic prophylaxis and counseling about the appropriate rate of ascent alone, there are some situations in which further diagnostic evaluation may also be warranted. One such situation is the individual with recurrent episodes of high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE), as one of several predisposing factors may be present that warrants additional interventions beyond pharmacologic prophylaxis and slow ascent and may even preclude future travel to high altitude. This review considers this situation in greater detail. Structured around the case of an otherwise healthy 27-year-old individual with recurrent episodes of HAPE who would like to climb Denali (6,190 m), the review examines the known risk factors for disease and then provides guidance regarding when and how to evaluate such individuals and appropriate steps to prevent HAPE on further ascents to high elevation. Except in rare circumstances, a history of recurrent HAPE does not preclude further ascent to high elevation, as a multipronged approach including pharmacologic prophylaxis, careful planning about the rate of ascent, and the degree of physical effort and other strategies, such as preacclimatization, staged ascent, and use of hypoxic tents, can be employed to reduce the risk of recurrence with future travel.