anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
In general, the adverse reactions of digoxin are dose-dependent and occur at doses higher than those needed to achieve a therapeutic effect. Hence, adverse reactions are less common when digoxin is used within the recommended dose range or therapeutic serum concentration range and when there is careful attention to concurrent medications and conditions.

Because some patients may be particularly susceptible to side effects with digoxin, the dosage of the drug should always be selected carefully and adjusted as the clinical condition of the patient warrants. In the past, when high doses of digoxin were used and little attention was paid to clinical status or concurrent medications, adverse reactions to digoxin were more frequent and severe. Cardiac adverse reactions accounted for about one-half, gastrointestinal disturbances for about one-fourth, and CNS and other toxicity for about one-fourth of these adverse reactions. However, available evidence suggests that the incidence and severity of digoxin toxicity has decreased substantially in recent years. In recent controlled clinical trials, in patients with predominantly mild to moderate heart failure, the incidence of adverse experiences was comparable in patients taking digoxin and in those taking placebo. In a large mortality trial, the incidence of hospitalization for suspected digoxin toxicity was 2% in patients taking digoxin compared to 0.9% in patients taking placebo. In this trial, the most common manifestations of digoxin toxicity included gastrointestinal and cardiac disturbances; CNS manifestations were less common.
The present invention relates to an extraction method and application of biologically active substance to goat submaxillary gland. The goat submaxillary gland tissue is taken for homogenate   or freezing and drying. Then the homogenate liquid or solving liquid containing freeze drying power is centrifuged. Then supernatant is put into a chromatography column to be subject to chromatography elution for many times, and the eluting peak with biological activity is detected. The biologically active substance is obtained by condensing the dried active peak. The goat submaxillary gland biologically active substance is characterized in that the substance has therapeutic effect on the animal colonitis, chronic atrophic gastritis, etc. The protection of the substance to various alimentary tract mucous membranes can be realized. The present invention has the advantages of rapid and highly efficient extraction method and strong biological activity of extraction.
Tumor suppressor genes play critical roles in normal tissue homeostasis, and their dysregulation underlies human diseases including cancer. Besides human genetics, model organisms such as Drosophila have been instrumental in discovering tumor suppressor pathways that were subsequently shown to be highly relevant in human cancer. Here we show that hyperplastic disc (Hyd), one of the first tumor suppressors isolated genetically in Drosophila and encoding an E3 ubiquitin ligase with hitherto unknown substrates, and Lines (Lin), best known for its role in embryonic segmentation, define an obligatory tumor suppressor protein complex (Hyd-Lin) that targets the zinc finger-containing oncoprotein Bowl for ubiquitin-mediated degradation, with Lin functioning as a substrate adaptor to recruit Bowl to Hyd for ubiquitination. Interestingly, the activity of the Hyd-Lin complex is directly inhibited by a micropeptide encoded by another zinc finger gene, drumstick (drm), which functions as a pseudosubstrate by displacing Bowl from the Hyd-Lin complex, thus stabilizing Bowl. We further identify the epigenetic regulator Polycomb repressive complex1 (PRC1) as a critical upstream regulator of the Hyd-Lin-Bowl pathway by directly repressing the transcription of the micropeptide drm Consistent with these molecular studies, we show that genetic inactivation of Hyd, Lin, or PRC1 resulted in Bowl-dependent hyperplastic tissue overgrowth in vivo. We also provide evidence that the mammalian homologs of Hyd (UBR5, known to be recurrently dysregulated in various human cancers), Lin (LINS1), and Bowl (OSR1/2) constitute an analogous protein degradation pathway in human cells, and that OSR2 promotes prostate cancer tumorigenesis. Altogether, these findings define a previously unrecognized tumor suppressor pathway that links epigenetic program to regulated protein degradation in tissue growth control and tumorigenesis.
Osteoarthritis is a very common chronic joint disease resulting in functional disability. Knee OA is considered to be most common form of arthritis in western countries. Knee OA is mainly characterized by presence of pain, radiographic evidence of reduced joint space, wear and tear of articular cartilage and formation of osteophytes i.e., new bone formation at the center and margins of joint. Pain and resultant joint changes causes a change in joint biomechanics and an eventual disuse of limb leading to muscle weakness and atrophy. According to an estimate from a study, knee OA nearly affects 10% of people older than 55 years of age, resulting in severe functional disability in a quarter of this affected population. In elderly population, knee OA poses almost the same risk of disability as caused by heart disease and a larger threat than due to any other medical condition. The prevalence of OA is reported to be as high as 28% in urban and 25% in rural areas of Pakistan.

Literature on knee OA treatment suggest that weight bearing activities in the form of walking are useful in the management of joint symptoms. Loading across the joint must be optimal so that there is no abnormal stress on any compartment of the joint. Abnormal valgus and varus stress results in 4 fold and 5 fold increase in lateral and medial compartments OA of the knee respectively. But this increased loading on an already worn joint can cause considerable pain and damage to the joint. For this purpose, aquatic exercises and hydrotherapy are usually used to counteract the forces acting on the joint. Then there are different types of harness systems and robotic devices to physically lift the patients for unloading the joint. But the problem with these interventions is that they do not account for proper joint kinematics necessary for optimal distribution of forces across the joints. For this purpose, anti gravity treadmills or lower body positive pressure treadmills are designed which take into account the proper joint kinematic s while partially un-weighing the joint. These treadmills are based on NASA technology used for astronauts to counteract the joint problems experienced by them.

These treadmills consist of an air tight chamber surrounding the lower body in which increased pressure is applied, so that the treadmill causes an upward lifting force. This results in successfully decreasing the body weight and gravitational forces on the lower extremity to an adjustable level with a high degree of consistency. Body weight can then be adjusted to as small increments as 1% and as large as 80% by using positive air pressure. This method is considered superior to other methods of un-weighing (harness systems and aquatic therapy) because there is uniform application of pressure over the lower limbs, thereby decreasing the creation of pressure points (common with harness systems) while retaining normal muscle activation and gait patterns (which are changed during water based activities).

This study will help the patients suffering from osteoarthritis to rehabilitate in a pain free environment focusing on proper joint kinematics.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a compsn. photopolymerizable by irradiation with light of long wavelength by incorporating a specified oximesulfonic ester as an optical initiator. SOLUTION: A compsn. capable of activation with light is composed of at least one kind of compd. crosslinkable under the action of an acid and/or at least one kind of compd. whose solubility varies under the action of an acid and at least one kind of oximesulfonic ester represented by the formula as an optical initiator. In the formula, (m) is 0 or 1, (x) is 1 or 2, R1 is 1-12C alkyl, 1-4C haloalkyl, etc., R2 has the same meaning as R1 or is unsubstd. or CN substd. phenyl, 2-6C alkanoyl, etc., and R3 is 1-18C alkyl, phenyl or 1-3C alkyl.
The Amitriptyline Delayed group will start the study drug at the Day 30 visit on one 10 mg capsule each evening. The dosage will be adjusted upwards to 25 mg daily for Week 2 to a maximum of 50 mg daily by Week 3.
This invention is directed to a composition and method for the buccal delivery of sea cucumber extract. The composition for the buccal delivery of sea cucumber extract comprises a substantially uniform mixture of an effective amount of sea cucumber extract and sugar. In one embodiment of the invention, the sea cucumber extract is approximately 5% to approximately 35% by weight of the sea cucumber tablet formulation. In another embodiment of the invention, the composition for the buccal delivery of sea cucumber tablets comprises a substantially uniform mixture of an effective amount of sea cucumber extract and a sugar and an artificial sweetener. The compression process for the production of the buccal tablets uses lower pressure than conventional tableting pressures. The above dosage units dissolve quickly in the buccal cavity allowing rapid absorption of the sea cucumber tablets through the buccal mucus membrane into the systemic bloodstream.
PURPOSE: Duodenal obstructions are one of the most common causes of upper intestinal obstruction during the neonatal period. Minimally invasive surgical treatment is considered highly complex. We report our experience with 43 patients treated using this method.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study at our institution from January 2013 to May 2023, including patients classified as having upper intestinal obstructions. All patients received preoperative diagnoses based on clinical findings, radiography, and abdominal ultrasound. Laparoscopic surgery was performed on all patients.
RESULTS: We included 43 patients diagnosed with duodenal obstruction (DO) in our study after reviewing the medical records at our hospital for cases meeting this diagnosis. The laparoscopic Kimura procedure was performed on 31 patients (72%), while duodenotomy and anastomosis following the Heineke-Mikulicz principle were performed on 9 patients (21%). In the remaining 3 patients (7%), a side-to-side duodeno-duodeno anastomosis was conducted. Annular pancreas was the most common cause of duodenal obstruction in our series, affecting 21 patients (49%). Type I duodenal atresia was observed in 17 patients (40%), while type III atresia was present in 3 patients (7%), and type II atresia in 2 patients (4%). One case required conversion to open surgery due to concomitant jejunoileal atresia. The only reported complication was partial anastomotic dehiscence, which occurred in two patients (4%).
CONCLUSIONS: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for managing duodenal obstruction (DO) has proven to be both feasible and safe, yielding comparable outcomes to the traditional open approach; its effectiveness can be significantly enhanced through appropriate training. Furthermore, the growing availability of duodenal atresia simulators offers valuable opportunities to refine laparoscopic skills and apply them effectively. Better outcomes and fewer complications are expected with further experience and an increased number of cases.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV, Case series with no comparison group.
An antacid composition is produced by mixing aqueous sodium aluminate with sodium silicate and adding an aqueous solution of an aluminium salt followed by an aqueous magnesium salt solution, yielding a mixture of sodium, magnesium, aluminium silicate and basic magnesium aluminate.  The additions may be carried out at room temperature with continuous stirring.  Aluminium salts used are, chloride, bromide, nitrate or sulphate and magnesium salts are chloride, bromide, nitrate, iodide, acetate or sulphate of at least 10% w/v concentration.  The product is desirably washed free of soluble salts and should contain a minimum of basic aluminium sulphate.  According to Example (1) aqueous sodium aluminate was added in a fine stream to aqueous sodium metasilicate with stirring, aqueous aluminium sulphate was then added in a similar way 15 mins. later.  Aqueous magnesium sulphate was then added and the mixture stirred for 1 hour, centrifuged, worked free from sulphate filtered and then dried.  The dry product was powdered or dry granulated.  In further examples the uses of various aluminium and magnesium salts are exemplified. The antacid composition is compounded into tablets or used as a liquid suspension for the treatment of hyperacidity.ALSO:Sodium, magnesium, aluminium silicate and basic magnesium aluminate are prepared as an antacid composition (see Group III) and are then compounded into tablets or used as an aqueous suspension.  Ingredients used for tablets are antacid composition, sugar, starch, saccharin, magnesium stearate, talc and oil of peppermint.  A suspension of the compound is produced by mixing with water, sweetening and flavouring materials.
The present disclosure relates to methods of producing and screening display libraries of disulfide-bonded binding polypeptides, for instance to identify binding peptides specific for a target molecule. In some embodiments, the binding peptides comprise an ultralong CDR3. The binding peptides can be derived from a bovine antibody comprising an ultralong CDR3, or they can be synthetic or semisynthetic. Also provided herein are display libraries comprising disulfide-bonded binding polypeptides. The present disclosure also relates to methods of producing or expressing soluble disulfide-bonded binding polypeptides, for instance using a suitable host cell. Also provided herein are compositions comprising soluble disulfide-bonded binding polypeptides.
The comparator is a treatment with generic informative prospect on the disorders and with the same frequencies as the Intervention. Treatment sessions are provided on a weekly basis for 6 months (1 hour for each session) (groups of about 8-9 persons - patients and caregivers).
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and can affect up to 50% of DM patients during their lifetime. Patients typically present with numbness, tingling, pain, and loss of sensation in the extremities. Since there is no treatment targeting the underlying mechanism of neuropathy, strategies focus on preventative care and pain management.
RECENT FINDINGS: Up to 69% of patients with diabetic neuropathy receive pharmacological treatment for neuropathic pain. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) confirmed four drugs for painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN): pregabalin, duloxetine, tapentadol, and the 8% capsaicin patch. Nonpharmacological treatments such as spinal cord stimulation (SCS) and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) both show promise in reducing pain in DM patients. Despite the high burden associated with PDN, effective management remains challenging. This update covers the background and management of diabetic neuropathy, including its epidemiology, pathogenesis, preventative care, and current therapeutic strategies.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluorine-containing hydrophilic phthalocyanine compound and a method for manufacturing the compound.  <P>SOLUTION: Phthalocyanine having a fluorine atom as a substituent is converted into hydrophilic by introducing carbohydrate. Beta-cyclodextrin is most preferable for the carbohydrate. When a hydroxy group is protected by a protective group, the process is similarly operated by deprotecting. The fluorine-containing hydrophilic phthalocyanine exhibits a property of suppressing an aggregation effect even in an aqueous solution and can be used as a sensitizer for photodynamic therapy, ink, a dye for a recording medium, a sensor, a deodorant or the like.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
According to one embodiment of the present invention, a system detects conditions for analytics and includes at least one processor. The system analyzes a structured document including a plurality of sections each specifying a set of conditions for members of a population in a structured format. The structured document is utilized to perform an analytic on the population. Each section within the structured document is identified and a corresponding set of conditions for that identified section in the structured format is extracted. The corresponding extracted set of conditions for each section is translated to an unstructured format for visual presentation of each identified section with a description of the corresponding set of conditions. Embodiments of the present invention further include a method and computer program product for detecting conditions for analytics in substantially the same manner described above.
Hypomagnesemia occurred in 83% of 461/538 patients with available laboratory results treated with PORTRAZZA as compared to 70% of 457/541 patients with available laboratory results treated with gemcitabine and cisplatin alone in Study 1. Hypomagnesemia was severe (Grade 3 or 4) in 20% of the patients treated with PORTRAZZA compared to 7% of the patients treated with gemcitabine and cisplatin alone. The median time to development of hypomagnesemia and accompanying electrolyte abnormalities was 6 weeks (25th percentile 4 weeks; 75th percentile 9 weeks) after initiation of PORTRAZZA. Monitor patients for hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, and hypokalemia prior to each infusion of PORTRAZZA during treatment and for at least 8 weeks following the completion of PORTRAZZA. Withhold PORTRAZZA for Grade 3 or 4 electrolyte abnormalities; subsequent cycles of PORTRAZZA may be administered in these patients once hypomagnesemia and related electrolyte abnormalities have improved to Grade ≤2. Replete electrolytes as medically appropriate [see Boxed Warning, Warnings and Precautions (5.1), and Adverse Reactions (6.1)].
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heritable neurodegenerative disease whose long asymptomatic phase makes the early diagnosis of it pivotal. Blood U-p53 has recently emerged as a superior predictive biomarker for AD in the early stages. We hypothesized that genetic variants associated with blood U-p53 could reveal novel loci and pathways involved in the early stages of AD.
RESULTS: We performed a blood U-p53 Genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 484 healthy and mild cognitively impaired subjects from the ADNI cohort using 612,843 Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We performed a pathway analysis and prioritized candidate genes using an AD single-cell gene program. We fine-mapped the intergenic SNPs by leveraging a cell-type-specific enhancer-to-gene linking strategy using a brain single-cell multimodal dataset. We validated the candidate genes in an independent brain single-cell RNA-seq and the ADNI blood transcriptome datasets. The rs279686 between AASS and FEZF1 genes was the most significant SNP (p-value = 4.82 × 10-7). Suggestive pathways were related to the immune and nervous systems. Twenty-three candidate genes were prioritized at 27 suggestive loci. Fine-mapping of 5 intergenic loci yielded nine cell-specific candidate genes. Finally, 15 genes were validated in the independent single-cell RNA-seq dataset, and five were validated in the ADNI blood transcriptome dataset.
CONCLUSIONS: We underlined the importance of performing a GWAS on an early-stage biomarker of AD and leveraging functional omics datasets for pinpointing causal genes in AD. Our study prioritized nine genes (SORCS1, KIF5C, TMEFF2, TMEM63C, HLA-E, ATAT1, TUBB, ARID1B, and RUNX1) strongly implicated in the early stages of AD.
Colestipol hydrochloride tablets may be larger than pills you have taken before. If you have had swallowing problems or choking with food, liquids or other tablets or capsules in the past, you should discuss this with your doctor before taking colestipol hydrochloride tablets.

It is important that you take colestipol hydrochloride tablets correctly:

1\. Always take one tablet at a time and swallow promptly.  
2\. Swallow each tablet whole. Do not cut, crush, or chew the tablets.  
3\. Colestipol hydrochloride tablets must be taken with water or another liquid that you prefer. Swallowing the tablets will be easier if you drink plenty of liquid as you swallow each tablet.

Difficulty swallowing and temporary obstruction of the esophagus (the tube between your mouth and stomach) have been rarely reported in patients taking colestipol hydrochloride tablets. If a tablet does get stuck after you swallow it, you may notice pressure or discomfort. If this happens to you, you should contact your doctor. Do not take colestipol hydrochloride tablets again without your doctor's advice.

If you are taking other medications, you should take them at least one hour before or four hours after taking colestipol hydrochloride tablets.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an adsorbing material which can highly efficiently remove or deactivate excess cytokine and/or a superantigen rapidly even when used in a solution such as blood containing a large quantity of coexisting protein and which has chemically stable bonding.  <P>SOLUTION: The adsorptive material consists of a base material containing polyamine. Polyamine having 1-10 nitrogen atoms is used as the polyamine. A water-insoluble base material having an aromatic ring is used as the base material. The base material can be a fibrous shape.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
PURPOSE:To accurately determine the likelihood of the applicable tumor shade being of malignant nature by furnishing a neo-Cognitron which emits information of the likelihood that the tumor shade represented by a number of entered image data pieces is of malignant nature. CONSTITUTION:Breast 13a of a human body 13 is irradiated with X-ray 12 given from an X-ray source 11 of an X-ray photographing device 10, and those 12a of X-rays having penetrated the human body 13 are projected onto a cumulative fluorescent substance sheet 14, and thereby breast penetrative X-ray images are recorded cumulatively on the fluorescent substance sheet 14. The sheet 14 with recordings is set in place in an X-ray image reading device 20, and image data S1 as digital signals is obtained. This image data obtained S1 is entered into a computer system 40. A tumor shade extracting means 40c extracts the tumor shade, and image data S3 is fed to a neo-Cognitron 40d. If it is judged that the likelihood with malignant nature tumor is high, a visible image showing expressly the position of the tumor shade is reproduced and displayed to serve for observing.
Table 1 summarizes the recommended dosages of Articaine HCl and Epinephrine administered by intraoral submucosal infiltration or nerve block for various types of anesthetic dental procedures in healthy adults and pediatric patients.

The recommended dosages of Articaine HCl and Epinephrine in healthy adults serve only as a guide to the amount of anesthetic required for most routine dental procedures. The dosage to be used in adults depend on several factors such as type and extent of surgical procedure, depth of anesthesia, degree of muscular relaxation, and condition of the patient. In all cases, administer the lowest dosage that will produce the desired result.

The dosages of Articaine HCl and Epinephrine to be used in pediatric patients aged 4 to 16 years old are determined by the age and weight of the patient and the type of dental procedure.

For most routine dental procedures, Articaine HCl and Epinephrine containing epinephrine 1:200,000 is preferred. However, when more pronounced hemostasis or improved visualization of the surgical field are required, Articaine HCl and Epinephrine containing epinephrine 1:100,000 may be used.

The onset of anesthesia and the duration of anesthesia are proportional to the dosage of the local anesthetic used. Exercise caution when employing large volumes because the incidence of adverse reactions may be dose-related.