anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility to metabolic syndrome (MetS) is dependent on genetics, environment, and gene-by-environment interactions, rendering the study of underlying mechanisms challenging. The majority of experiments in model organisms do not incorporate genetic variation and lack specific evaluation criteria for MetS. Here, we derived a continuous metric, the metabolic health score (MHS), based on standard clinical parameters and defined its molecular signatures in the liver and circulation. In human UK Biobank, the MHS associated with MetS status and was predictive of future disease incidence, even in individuals without MetS. Using quantitative trait locus analyses in mice, we found two MHS-associated genetic loci and replicated them in unrelated mouse populations. Through a prioritization scheme in mice and human genetic data, we identified TNKS and MCPH1 as candidates mediating differences in the MHS. Our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms sustaining metabolic health across species and uncover likely regulators. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
Brexipiprazole will be taken orally beginning at 0.5 mg/day with an increase to 1 mg/day at week 1 and 2 mg/day at week 2. If reduction in mood symptoms does not occur, the dose will increase to 3 mg/day and 4 mg/day.
The subjects, who sign the informed consent forms and been screened by inclusion/exclusion criteria, will be assigned into 1.0 × 10\^8, 2.0 × 10\^8 and 4.0 × 10\^8 CAR-T groups in order of sequence. And the subjects will be administered once.
BACKGROUND: Cholera-like diarrheal disease (CLDD) outbreaks are complex and influenced by environmental factors, socioeconomic conditions, and population dynamics, leading to limitations in traditional surveillance methods. In Malawi, cholera is considered an endemic disease. Its epidemiological profile is characterized by seasonal patterns, often coinciding with the rainy season when contamination of water sources is more likely. However, the outbreak that began in March 2022 has extended to the dry season, with deaths reported in all 29 districts. It is considered the worst outbreak in the past 10 years.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of participatory surveillance (PS) using interactive voice response (IVR) technology for the early detection of CLDD outbreaks in Malawi.
METHODS: This longitudinal cohort study followed 740 households in rural settings in Malawi for 24 weeks. The survey tool was designed to have 10 symptom questions collected every week. The proxies' rationale was related to exanthematic, ictero-hemorragica for endemic diseases or events, diarrhea and respiratory/targeting acute diseases or events, and diarrhea and respiratory/targeting seasonal diseases or events. This work will focus only on the CLDD as a proxy for gastroenteritis and cholera. In this study, CLDD was defined as cases where reports indicated diarrhea combined with either fever or vomiting/nausea.
RESULTS: During the study period, our data comprised 16,280 observations, with an average weekly participation rate of 35%. Maganga TA had the highest average of completed calls, at 144.83 (SD 10.587), while Ndindi TA had an average of 123.66 (SD 13.176) completed calls. Our findings demonstrate that this method might be effective in identifying CLDD with a notable and consistent signal captured over time (R2=0.681404). Participation rates were slightly higher at the beginning of the study and decreased over time, thanks to the sensitization activities rolled out at the CBCCs level. In terms of the attack rates for CLDD, we observed similar rates between Maganga TA and Ndindi TA, at 16% and 15%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: PS has proven to be valuable for the early detection of epidemics. IVR technology is a promising approach for disease surveillance in rural villages in Africa, where access to health care and traditional disease surveillance methods may be limited. This study highlights the feasibility and potential of IVR technology for the timely and comprehensive reporting of disease incidence, symptoms, and behaviors in resource-limited settings.
The application relates to a CAR-DC cell, a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the CAR-DC cell comprises the following steps: preparing a first nucleic acid construct encoding a CAR structure and a second nucleic acid construct encoding TRAIL, wherein the CAR structure can specifically identify a BCMA receptor expressed by multiple myeloma cells, the TRAIL is an apoptosis inducing ligand, and the TRAIL can be combined with a death receptor of tumor cells to promote the apoptosis of the tumor cells, so that the DC cells have the function of killing the tumor cells in addition to the autologous function of antigen presentation. Wherein, the coding sequence of the CAR structure is shown as SEQ ID No:1 is shown in the specification; introducing the first nucleic acid construct and the second nucleic acid construct as exogenous nucleic acids into a DC cell to obtain a CAR-DC cell. The CAR-DC cell is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the CAR-DC cell. The application of the CAR-DC cell in preparing a medicament or a preparation for treating multiple myeloma. The application can kill multiple myeloma cells and treat multiple myeloma.
On day 2 or 3 of the menstrual cycle, following baseline blood sampling, a single SC injection of 150 ìg corifollitropin alfa will be administered (Stimulation Day 1). Starting on Stimulation Day 6, the subject will receive a daily SC injection of 0.25 mg ganirelix up to and including the day of GnRH agonist triggering administration to prevent premature LH surges. From Stimulation Day 8 onwards treatment is continued with a daily SC dose of rFSH (200IU/day) up to the day of GnRHa administration.
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic that has been in clinical use for more than 50 years. In addition to its well-known anesthetic and pain-relieving properties, ketamine has been found to have fast-acting antidepressant effects in patients with depression. However, the mechanisms underlying ketamine's ability to treat chronic pain and depression are poorly understood. A most basic question regarding ketamine's therapeutic mechanism is still unresolved: do patients need to consciously experience and recall ketamine's acute dissociative effects to receive lasting analgesic and antidepressant benefits? In this clinical trial, participants will receive either ketamine or a placebo when they are under sedation with propofol. A n=6 pilot/feasibility phase will precede the fully-powered n=32 randomized controlled trial.
Severe septic Shock has a high mortality ranging from 30-55% and might lead up to 100% mortality under cardiovascular failure and vasoplegia in the initial phase of severe septic shock . Mostly caused by bacteremia, it can also be triggered by viral or fungal infections. Due to vasodilatation caused by toxins the circulatory system of the patient fails. This will lead to further malfunctions of the patient organs (e.g. renal malfunction, vasodilation, myocardial pump failure and DIG) and will cause multiorgan system failure.

Nowadays there is a symptomatic approach to treat septic shock. Except of giving antibiotics less can be done to improve the patient's condition. Treatment with fluids, catecholamines, mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapies are all regimen to bridge failed organ systems until normal organ function is restored and starts to improve. It is known that the cytokines and toxins, which are liberated by the breakdown of bacterial cells, maintain the inflammatory response of the body. This process might be overshooting and if not disrupted, the patient will die.

A new approach is to bind this cytokines and toxins in an unspecific physical process to tiny plastic beads, which are arranged in the CytoSorb System as they correlate with severity of mortality in sepsis . This polymer beads allow adsorption and binding of molecules from 5-60 kDa (kilodalton) range. Therefore, Cytokines as IL(interleukin)-1, -6, -8 and -10 can be effectively removed. CytoSorb has to get in contact with patient blood. To use this option of treatment CytoSorb is implemented in a renal replacement system, a heart lung machine, ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenator) or any other extracorporeal pump driven system. By extracorporeal blood purification in septic shock the main goal is to eliminate inflammatory mediators and bacterial toxins. This might attenuate the excessive inflammatory response and could lead to hemodynamic stabilization .

The aim of this retrospective study was to identify if the enrolled patient might have had a profit of Cytosorb therapy. Primarily the decline in catecholamine therapy under Cytosorb therapy will be investigated. Secondarily the outcome of surviving patients will be evaluated and compared to expected mortality due to sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA). Thirdly the patients deceased under this therapy were compared to the surviving patients.
Diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) is an evidence-based educational program that helps people with diabetes better control their blood sugar (improved hemoglobin A1c) and reduce diabetes-related complications and healthcare costs. DSMES is strikingly underutilized with fewer than 10% of eligible patients receiving this helpful service due to patient-, clinician-, and health system-level barriers that include low clinician awareness and lack of integrated referral processes between clinics and community-based DSMES programs.

In this study, we will conduct a pilot and feasibility study of a pragmatic cluster randomized trial that utilizes health information technology and practice facilitation to address referral barriers and increase clinician awareness and motivation to refer patients with diabetes to DSMES. We have partnered with the Kentucky Department of Public Health (KDPH, statewide DSMES provider), the Kentucky Regional Extension Center (KY-REC, practice facilitation partner), and the Kentucky Health Information Exchange (health information technology (HIT) partner). We will recruit two healthcare systems in rural Kentucky to participate in the study. Within each healthcare organization, we will randomize control and intervention clusters at the clinic level. Clinics in the intervention group will participate in the 12-month intervention which incorporates health information technology and practice facilitation. The health information technology component provides the scaffolding for quality improvement efforts by automating patient identification and enabling bi-directional referral communication between providers and DSMES programs. Health information technology support will be available at all clinic sites within participating health care organizations, including the control clinics. The practice facilitation collaborative trains and supports clinical teams to use the Model for Improvement to make "breakthrough" improvements in diabetes care and DSMES utilization by recognizing barriers and changing clinical systems and care practices.
Antiemetics should not be used in vomiting of unknown etiology in children and adolescents (see ). WARNINGS-Use in Pediatric Patients

The average effective dose of promethazine hydrochloride for the active therapy of nausea and vomiting in children or adults is 25 mg. When oral medication cannot be tolerated, the dose should be given parenterally (cf. Promethazine Injection) or by rectal suppository. 12.5- to 25-mg doses may be repeated, as necessary, at 4- to 6-hour intervals.

For nausea and vomiting in children, the usual dose is 0.5 mg per pound of body weight, and the dose should be adjusted to the age and weight of the patient and the severity of the condition being treated.

For prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting, as during surgery and the postoperative period, the average dose is 25 mg repeated at 4- to 6-hour intervals, as necessary.
PURPOSE:To prepare the titled drug capable of reducing the concentration of organic phosphorus in blood serum, useful for the remedy of chronic renal insufficiency, and having high safety, by using 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol as an active component. CONSTITUTION:The titled agent contains the 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol of formula I (e.g. 24R,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol of formula II) as an active component. The hyperphosphatemia is caused by the lowering of the secretion function of the kidney in chronic renal insufficiency, accessory thyroid hypofunction, acromegalia, acute osteanabrosis, etc. Since the patient of chronic renal insufficiency subjected to long-term dialysis is liable to be suffered by the complicates such as parosteosis, metabolic acidosis, etc. caused by the hyperphosphatemia, the use of a dialyzing solution having normal calcium concentration may results in osteomalacia, and the dialyzing solution having low calcium concentration has been used. The administration of the antihyperphosphatemic agent reduces the phosphorus concentration in the serum, suppresses the parosteosis, and improves the osteomalacia.
Monoclonal antibodies are revealed which bind to the gp120 protein on the envelope of HIV-1, both in the PND region and in the CD4-binding region. These antibodies neutralize HIV-1. They inhibit the infection of T cells, and also inhibit syncytium formation. Further, the antibodies are group-specific and neutralize different strains and isolates of HIV-1. These antibodies have a variety of uses, including the treatment and prevention of AIDS and ARC. The antibodies are used in immunotoxins which are specifically toxic to HIV-1 infected T cells. In addition, anti-idiotypic antibodies to these HIV neutralizing antibodies, or derivative products such as chimeric antibodies and human antibody fragments, can be used to immunize against HIV-1.
Present invention relates to a composition for use in the treatment of arthritides. Alkaline phosphatase (AP), an ectophosphatase with an anti-inflammatory and barrier protecting mechanism of action shows potent anti-rheumatoid arthritis (anti-RA) efficacy in a rat model for arthritis. In this model RA was induced by subcutaneous immunization with a mixture of methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA), CFA (complete Freund's adjuvant antigen) and CBP (custom Bordetella pertussis antigen) and intra-articular injections of mBSA. Results were comparable with those obtained for MTX, the drug reference compound for the treatment of RA. Both knee swelling over time and the number of invading macrophages were found to be reduced with AP treatment, either applied in prophylactic treatment or therapeutic treatment, and comparable to the MTX effects. AP was found effective both as prophylactic, and as therapeutic intervention. Altogether, ectophosphatase intervention by AP fulfills a novel and unmet niche in RA treatment by combining different, yet synergistic mode of actions with MTX.
In the active comparator period of controlled clinical trials, the ranibizumab implant has been associated with a 3-fold higher rate of endophthalmitis than monthly intravitreal injections of ranibizumab (1.7% in the SUSVIMO arm vs 0.5% in the intravitreal arm). When including extension phases of clinical trials, 2.0% (11/555) of patients receiving the ranibizumab implant experienced an episode of endophthalmitis. Reports occurred between days 5 and 853, with a median of 173 days. Many, but not all, of the cases of endophthalmitis reported a preceding or concurrent conjunctival retraction or erosion event.

Endophthalmitis should be treated promptly in an effort to reduce the risk of vision loss and maximize recovery. The SUSVIMO (ranibizumab injection) dose (refill-exchange) should be delayed until resolution of endophthalmitis [see Dosage and Administration (2.9) and Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

Patients should not have an active or suspected ocular or periocular infection or severe systemic infection at the time of any SUSVIMO implant or refill procedure. Appropriate intraoperative handling followed by secure closure of the conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule, and early detection and surgical repair of conjunctival erosions or retractions may reduce the risk of endophthalmitis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)].
BACKGROUND: This study aims to delineate the burden of congenital birth defects (CBDs) in children under 14 years of age from 1990 to 2019, using an age-period-cohort framework to analyse data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD).
METHODS: Data on prevalence cases, age-standardised prevalence rates (ASPRs), death cases, and age-standardised death rates (ASDRs) of congenital birth defects (CBDs) from 1990 to 2019 were obtained from GBD 2019. Using this data set, we conducted an age-period-cohort (APC) analysis to examine patterns and trends in mortality, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with CBDs, while exploring correlations with age, time periods, and generational birth cohorts. Furthermore, to quantify the temporal trends, we calculated the estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) for these parameters.
RESULTS: The global prevalence of CBDs decreased from 1404.22 to 1301.66 per 100 000 with an EAPC of -0.18% from 1990 to 2019. CBD mortality decreased by 42.52% between 1990 and 2019, with the global age-standardised death rate declining from 49.72 to 25.58 per 100 000. The age-standardised DALY rate decreased from 4529.16 to 2393.61 per 100 000. Prevalence declined most notably among older children. The risk of CBDs reached its lowest during adolescence (10-14 years) across all regions. The most recent period (2015-2019) showed a reduced risk of prevalence compared to 2000-2004. Earlier birth cohorts displayed declining tendencies followed by slight increases in risk.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates encouraging global reductions in the burden of CBDs among children over the past three decades. Prevalence, mortality, and DALYs attributable to CBDs have exhibited downward trajectories, although regional disparities remain. APC analysis provides valuable insights to inform prevention and management strategies for pediatric CBDs.
The current demographic development is leading to an increasing number of cases of osteoporosis-related fractures. Affected individuals are typically part of a vulnerable, predominantly geriatric patient group with limited physical resources. Additionally, the pathophysiological characteristics of osteoporotic bones with reduced bone quality and quantity, pose a significant challenge to the osteosynthesis techniques used. Achieving rapid postoperative mobilization and stable weight-bearing osteosynthesis to prevent postoperative medical complications are the main goals of the surgical management. In recent years augmentation techniques have gained in importance in the treatment of osteoporosis-related fractures by significantly enhancing the stability of osteosyntheses and reducing mechanical complication rates. The main options available are polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) augmentation and various bioresorbable bone substitute materials with different properties. Implant augmentations can be applied at various locations in the extremity bones and standardized procedures are now available, such as for the proximal humerus and femur. When used correctly, low complication rates and promising clinical outcomes are observed. This article aims to provide an overview of available techniques and applications based on the current literature. Guidelines and substantial scientific evidence are still limited.
The mean pharmacokinetic parameters of linezolid in adults after single and multiple oral and intravenous (IV) doses are summarized in Table 1. Plasma concentrations of linezolid at steady-state after oral doses of 600 mg given every 12 hours (q12h) are shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Plasma Concentrations of Linezolid in Adults at Steady-State Following Oral Dosing Every 12 Hours (Mean ± Standard Deviation, n=16) 

### Absorption

Linezolid is rapidly and extensively absorbed after oral dosing. Maximum plasma concentrations are reached approximately 1 to 2 hours after dosing, and the absolute bioavailability is approximately 100%. Therefore, linezolid may be given orally or intravenously without dose adjustment.

Linezolid may be administered without regard to the timing of meals. The time to reach the maximum concentration is delayed from 1.5 hours to 2.2 hours and Cmax is decreased by about 17% when high fat food is given with linezolid. However, the total exposure measured as AUC0-∞ values is similar under both conditions.

### Distribution

Animal and human pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated that linezolid readily distributes to well-perfused tissues. The plasma protein binding of linezolid is approximately 31% and is concentration-independent. The volume of distribution of linezolid at steady-state averaged 40 to 50 liters in healthy adult volunteers.

Linezolid concentrations have been determined in various fluids from a limited number of subjects in Phase 1 volunteer studies following multiple dosing of linezolid. The ratio of linezolid in saliva relative to plasma was 1.2 to 1 and for sweat relative to plasma was 0.55 to 1.

### Metabolism

Linezolid is primarily metabolized by oxidation of the morpholine ring, which results in two inactive ring-opened carboxylic acid metabolites: the aminoethoxyacetic acid metabolite (A), and the hydroxyethyl glycine metabolite (B). Formation of metabolite A is presumed to be formed via an enzymatic pathway whereas metabolite B is mediated by a non-enzymatic chemical oxidation mechanism in vitro. In vitro studies have demonstrated that linezolid is minimally metabolized and may be mediated by human cytochrome P450. However, the metabolic pathway of linezolid is not fully understood.

### Excretion

Nonrenal clearance accounts for approximately 65% of the total clearance of linezolid. Under steady-state conditions, approximately 30% of the dose appears in the urine as linezolid, 40% as metabolite B, and 10% as metabolite A. The renal clearance of linezolid is low (average 40 mL/min) and suggests net tubular reabsorption. Virtually no linezolid appears in the feces, while approximately 6% of the dose appears in the feces as metabolite B, and 3% as metabolite A.

A small degree of nonlinearity in clearance was observed with increasing doses of linezolid, which appears to be due to lower renal and nonrenal clearance of linezolid at higher concentrations. However, the difference in clearance was small and was not reflected in the apparent elimination half-life.