anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Although polygenic risk score (PRS) has emerged as a promising tool for predicting cancer risk from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), the individual-level accuracy of lung cancer PRS and the extent to which its impact on subsequent clinical applications remains largely unexplored.
METHODS: Lung cancer PRSs and confidence/credible interval (CI) were constructed using two statistical approaches for each individual: (1) the weighted sum of 16 GWAS-derived significant SNP loci and the CI through the bootstrapping method (PRS-16-CV) and (2) LDpred2 and the CI through posteriors sampling (PRS-Bayes), among 17,166 lung cancer cases and 12,894 controls with European ancestry from the International Lung Cancer Consortium. Individuals were classified into different genetic risk subgroups based on the relationship between their own PRS mean/PRS CI and the population level threshold.
RESULTS: Considerable variances in PRS point estimates at the individual level were observed for both methods, with an average standard deviation (s.d.) of 0.12 for PRS-16-CV and a much larger s.d. of 0.88 for PRS-Bayes. Using PRS-16-CV, only 25.0% of individuals with PRS point estimates in the lowest decile of PRS and 16.8% in the highest decile have their entire 95% CI fully contained in the lowest and highest decile, respectively, while PRS-Bayes was unable to find any eligible individuals. Only 19% of the individuals were concordantly identified as having high genetic risk (> 90th percentile) using the two PRS estimators. An increased relative risk of lung cancer comparing the highest PRS percentile to the lowest was observed when taking the CI into account (OR = 2.73, 95% CI: 2.12-3.50, P-value = 4.13 × 10-15) compared to using PRS-16-CV mean (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.99-2.49, P-value = 5.70 × 10-46). Improved risk prediction performance with higher AUC was consistently observed in individuals identified by PRS-16-CV CI, and the best performance was achieved by incorporating age, gender, and detailed smoking pack-years (AUC: 0.73, 95% CI = 0.72-0.74).
CONCLUSIONS: Lung cancer PRS estimates using different methods have modest correlations at the individual level, highlighting the importance of considering individual-level uncertainty when evaluating the practical utility of PRS.
Compounds that have antiallergic and/or anti-inflammatory properties and methods of making thereof are disclosed. These compounds can block MMRGPRX2 and prevent or reduce mast cells activation. Pharmaceutical formulations in a unit dosage form suitable for the delivery of the compounds to a subject in need thereof are disclosed. The pharmaceutical formulations may include one or more active agents in addition to the compounds, such as one or more additional antiallergic and/or anti-inflammatory agents. The pharmaceutical formulation can be administered by oral administration, parenteral administration, inhalation, mucosal administration, or a combination thereof. Methods for preventing or treating pseudo allergic reactions, pseudo allergic diseases, and/or pseudo inflammatory diseases, or treating or ameliorating one or more symptoms associated with a pseudo allergic reaction, a pseudo allergic disease, and/or a pseudo inflammatory disease in a subject are also disclosed.
NEW MATERIAL:The pyridazinone compound of formula I (X is halogen or trifluoromethyl; Y is halogen; Z is amino or acyloxy which may be substituted with OH, alkoxy or alkyl; l is 1-3; m is 0-3; n is 0 or 1; m+n is <=3). EXAMPLE:4,5-Dichloro-2-(3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridyl)-3(2H)-py ridazinone. USE:Useful as a fungicide for agricultural, horticultural or industrial use. It exhibits the growth-suppressing effect to various noxious microorganisms, e.g. the pathogenic fungi causing powdery mildew of cucumber, late blight of tomato, etc. PROCESS:The compound of formula IV which is a compound of formula I can be prepared by reacting the compound of formula II with the compound of formula III(Y' is Cl or Br) in the presence of a solvent such as acetic acid, etc. at 90- 120 deg.C according to the reaction formula.
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) or presbycusis is associated with irreversible progressive damage in the inner ear, where the sound is transduced into electrical signal; but the detailed mechanism remains unclear. Here, we sought to determine the potential molecular mechanism involved in the pathogeneses of ARHL with bioinformatics methods. A single-cell transcriptome sequencing study was performed on the cochlear samples from young and aged mice. Detection of identified cell type marker allowed us to screen 18 transcriptional clusters, including myeloid cells, epithelial cells, B cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, T cells, inner pillar cells, neurons, inner phalangeal cells, and red blood cells. Cell-cell communications were analyzed between young and aged cochlear tissue samples by using the latest integration algorithms Cellchat. A total of 56 differentially expressed genes were screened between the two groups. Functional enrichment analysis showed these genes were mainly involved in immune, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and metabolic processes. The expression levels of crucial genes in cochlear tissues were further verified by immunohistochemistry. Overall, this study provides new theoretical support for the development of clinical therapeutic drugs.
All participants were provided with a commercially available CGM system. Training and data collection for the study was completed remotely. After initial CGM training (initiation of unblinded CGM use or initial training with virtual clinic) was completed, participants were followed by the virtual clinic team for approximately six months. Psychosocial screening questionnaires were administered at enrollment and during follow up. The virtual clinical team member followed up with the study participant if there was an elevated score on the psychosocial screening questionnaires. After the initial six months of follow up, participants who decided to continue to use CGM were asked to extend follow up and complete questionnaires, submit HbA1c samples, and share data. During the extended follow up phase, participants were able to contact the virtual clinic with questions or to request assistance as needed.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mechanism which allows a chemical agent to be stably released in a sustained state even in the case of a flow rate of the order of 1 L/min and changes a sustained-release concentration.  <P>SOLUTION: A nozzle or a water-flow resisting body is provided in a channel pipe, so that hydraulic pressure, exerted on a sustained-release membrane, of the chemical agent can be enhanced. In terms of the nozzle, the concentration of the chemical agent is adjusted by restriction of an inside diameter of the nozzle. In terms of the water-flow resisting body, the concentration of the chemical agent is adjusted by being slid in a water-flow direction, moved in a direction perpendicular to a waver flow by being integrated with an elastic body, and rotated by being integrated with the rotating mechanism. Otherwise, the sustained-release membranes, different in coefficient of water permeability from one another, and a shielding plate are installed, and the sustained-release membrane is selected by the opening/closing of the shielding plate, so that the concentration of the chemical agent can be adjusted.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
PURPOSE:To obtain a cosmetic, containing a water-soluble extract separated from a leaf of Rosa rugosa Thunb. and having stable beautifying and whitening and anti-inflammatory actions and high safety. CONSTITUTION:A cosmetic containing an extract prepared by extracting a leaf or Rosa rugosa Thunb. with a water-soluble solvent (e.g. water, alcohols or acetone) in an amount of 0.1-5.0wt.% expressed in terms of solid content. The extraction may be carried out by mixing two or more kinds of water-soluble solvents or extraction by heating or at ordinary temperature. Fats and oils, hydrocarbons, alcohols, surfactants, etc., can be blended within a range so as not to deteriorate effects. The aforementioned cosmetic is used in the form of toilet water, cream, milky lotion, shampoo, foundation, lipstick. etc.
Eligible participants will be administered C.E.R.A subcutaneously, every 4 weeks for 44 weeks. The initial dose of C.E.R.A. will be 1.2 micrograms/kilogram. Subsequent doses will be adjusted to maintain the individual participant's hemoglobin within the target range of 10.0 and 12.0 grams/deciliter.
Patients will receive eribulin injections intravenously on days 1 and 8 of every 21- day cycle, in combination with endocrine therapy (aromatase inhibitor). AI must be identical to the last AI administered to the patient, whether in the adjuvant or metastatic setting.
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is an important cause of disability in the world and it denotes a public health defiance of the upcoming years.Aim To examine the connection between ADAMTS14 gene rs4747096 polymorphism and KOA and to assess risk factors associated with KOA.Methods A case control study was conducted on 158 patients with KOA and 120 controls with comparable age and sex randomly recruited from National Research Centre employees. All participants were subjected to full history taking, assessment of KOA severity using WOMAC scoring system, and thorough clinical examination. Blood sample was collected for detection of ADAMTS14/rs4747096 gene polymorphism.Results The frequency of ADAMTS14 gene rs4747096 genotypes among patients with KOA was 73.5% for AA, 25.7% for AG, and 0.7% for GG compared to controls 963%, 31.3%, and 5.6% respectively and the frequency of alleles among patients was 86.4% for A and 78.7% for G compared to controls (78.7% and 21.3% respectively, P < 0.05. The study found that the median levels of total WOMAC score and its domains were significantly higher among KOA patients than controls. The logistic regression analysis revealed that age ≥ 50 years, BMI ≥ 35, and long standing at work were predictive factors for KOA (P < 0.05). Regarding different genetic patterns, only the A recessive pattern of inheritance was found to be a predictive risk factor for KOA.Conclusion For ADAMTS14 rs4747096 genotype, the AA and AG genotypes significantly increased the risk of KOA. The recessive pattern of inheritance, older age, morbid obesity, and prolonged standing at work were the predictive risk factors for KOA. Further studies with larger sample size are encouraged to investigate the mechanism by which this genotype can affect the development of KOA.
Subjects will be orally administered rosuvastatin 10 mg/day for 7 days in treatment period 1. The subjects will then receive rosuvastatin 10 mg/day in combination with GSK2190915 30 mg/day for 7 days in treatment period 2A.
A recent meta-analysis found no benefit of uric acid-lowering therapy including febuxostat on death, cardiovascular events, or renal impairment. However, there may be populations that benefit from febuxostat in reducing mortality and cerebral and cardiovascular events. The aim of the present study was to examine the clinical benefit of febuxostat in elderly patients stratified by age using Febuxostat for Cerebral and CaRdiorenovascular Events PrEvEntion StuDy (FREED) data. FREED was a randomized study involving patients aged 65 years or older with hyperuricemia and risk factors for cerebral, cardiovascular, or renal diseases. A total of 1,070 patients were included in this post hoc analysis, divided into 2 age groups: 65-74 years and ≥ 75 years. Patients were randomized into febuxostat and non-febuxostat groups, with uric acid levels monitored for 36 months. The primary composite end point included cerebral, cardiovascular, and renal events. In patients aged between 65 and 74 years, febuxostat significantly reduced the risk of future cerebral and cardiorenovascular events. However, no effects of febuxostat were found in the older population aged ≥ 75 years. Heterogeneity in potential interactions between the age and febuxostat treatment was particularly observed in non-fatal cerebral and cardiovascular events and all-cause death. Patients aged ≥ 75 years exhibited more pre-existing factors associated with cerebral and cardiorenovascular events than those aged 65-74 years. The effectiveness of febuxostat varies by age group, with potential benefits for patients aged 65-74 years. The effects of febuxostat are complex and it is important to consider patient characteristics in its clinical use.
A System for screening of medical decision making is described. The system runs on a personal computer, and incorporates a knowledge base containing the data required to perform the screening, as well as the rules to be incorporated. The knowledge base is organized into criteria sets subdivided into categories, which include clinical specialties, such as surgery, and imaging, or a level of care, or a body system. The criteria sets are further subdivided into interventions, review types, and levels of care. Finally, within each subdivision, the user selects criteria points which are representations of the patient's clinical condition. Upon selection of the criteria points, the system will indicate whether or not a selected method of treatment is medically appropriate or not. The review process is recorded for subsequent examination.
SHAM Remote Ischemic Preconditioning (RIPC-SHAM) is accomplished by alternating 4 cycles of 5-minute inflation with 5-minute deflation. Blood pressure cuff will be inflated to 10-20 mmHg. RIPC-SHAM is performed with standard blood pressure cuff on upper-arm.
A clinician's assistant system including examination and treatment modules to guide a clinician in examining and treating a patient. The system is configured to communicate with databases storing patient data and treatment data. The modules display information to and solicit information from a clinician via a display device, e.g. using menus and graphical user interfaces, to ensure that the patient is properly evaluated and treated. Optionally, the system is capable of recommending a treatment, e.g. as a function of patient information known to the system. The system can help create documents by presenting the clinician with selectable phrases, and/or by incorporating data into predefined document templates. The system provides multi-patient research, voice recognition, and billing capabilities. The system may be implemented, at least in part, in a pen-based portable computer so that patient medical record and/or treatment data is available, and examination data is recorded, at the point of care.
Core stabilization exercises are one of the physiotherapy techniques aimed at reducing pain, increasing aerobic capacity, enhancing muscle strength, and thereby improving bone health in children with JIA (1). Spondyloarthropathy typically begins as asymmetric oligoarthritis in children, and enthesitis and axial skeleton involvement may develop over the course of the disease (4). Since juvenile spondyloarthropathies can lead to severe functional impairments and long-term sequelae, the primary goal in treatment should be to suppress inflammation as early as possible and to prevent sequelae (5). Physiotherapy is recommended for children and adolescents with enthesitis or sacroiliitis, or those with functional limitations (6). Yoga exercises focusing on the core region have shown significant effects on lower extremity functional status, pain levels, and quality of life in patients with enthesitis-related conditions (2). Studies have supported that core stabilization exercises, combined with traditional physical therapy aimed at improving bone health status and functional capacity, serve as an effective combination therapy for children with JIA involving multiple joint involvement (3).

Therefore, this study aims to fill the knowledge gap regarding core stabilization training in children with spondyloarthropathy.
The experimental procedure for each participant assume random blind acute ingestion of CAFMONO in individual dose providing 3mg/kg BM of CAF at one of the study visits, which will be separated from other study visits with 7-days wash-out. The preparation will be provided in the form of powder and the individual doses of CAFMONO will be dissolved in 200 mL of water. The test preparation will be ingested within up to 5 minutes. The ingestion will take place 60 minutes before the test exercise.
BACKGROUND: Failure to rescue is the rate of death amongst patients with postoperative complications and has been proposed as a perioperative quality indicator. However, variation in its definition has limited comparisons between studies. We systematically reviewed all surgical literature reporting failure to rescue rates and examined variations in the definition of the 'numerator,' 'denominator,' and timing of failure to rescue measurement.
METHODS: Databases were searched from inception to 31 December 2022. All studies reporting postoperative failure to rescue rates as a primary or secondary outcome were included. We examined the complications included in the failure to rescue denominator, the percentage of deaths captured by the failure to rescue numerator, and the timing of measurement for complications and mortality.
RESULTS: A total of 359 studies, including 212,048,069 patients, were analyzed. The complications included in the failure to rescue denominator were reported in 295 studies (82%), with 131 different complications used. The median number of included complications per study was 10 (interquartile range 8-15). Studies that included a higher number of complications in the failure-to-rescue denominator reported lower failure-to-rescue rates. Death was included as a complication in the failure to rescue the denominator in 65 studies (18%). The median percentage of deaths captured by the failure to rescue calculation when deaths were not included in the denominator was 79%. Complications (52%) and mortality (40%) were mostly measured in-hospital, followed by 30-days after surgery.
CONCLUSION: Failure to rescue is an important concept in the study of postoperative outcomes, although its definition is highly variable and poorly reported. Researchers should be aware of the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to defining failure to rescue.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to clarify the uncertain association between vasopressor administration and the development of intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW) in critically ill adult patients.
METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to October 10, 2023. Titles and abstracts were independently screened by two authors, who then reviewed full texts and extracted relevant data from the studies that met the inclusion criteria. This review included prospective and retrospective cohort studies that explored the relationship between vasopressor use and ICUAW utilizing univariate or multivariate analysis in adult ICU patients.
RESULTS: A total of 15 studies were included in our review, collectively indicating a statistically significant association between the use of vasopressors and the occurrence of ICUAW (odds ratio [OR], 3.43; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.95-6.04), including studies utilizing multivariate analysis (OR, 3.43; 95% CI, 1.76-6.70). Specifically, the use of noradrenaline was significantly associated with ICUAW (OR, 4.42; 95% CI, 1.69-11.56). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses further underscored the significant relationship between vasopressor use and ICUAW, particularly in studies focusing on patients with clinical weakness, varying study designs, different sample sizes, and relatively low risk of bias. However, this association was not observed in studies limited to patients with abnormal electrophysiology.
CONCLUSIONS: Our review underscores a significant link between the use of vasopressors and the development of ICUAW in critically ill adult patients. This finding helps better identify patients at higher risk of ICUAW and suggests considering targeted therapies to mitigate this risk.
A sufficient number of Asian subjects (expected to be approximately 90) with type 2 diabetes who have a BMI 18 between 25-40 kg/m2 and meet all the inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria will be entered into the study to randomize approximately 60 subjects. The eligible obese subjects with type 2 diabetes will be entered into a 2-week lead-in period with EDP after individual diet/lifestyle consultation to implement nutrition therapy into their existing diabetes management. The diet recommendations of the EDP at the lead-in period will be based on the nutrition recommendations from the ADA including carbohydrate and monounsaturated fat together provided 60-70 % of energy intake, reduced intakes of saturated fat (\< 10 % of total calories) and cholesterol (\< 300 mg/day) and protein intake around 15-20 % of total daily energy.

Approximately 60 participants will be randomized at Week 0 (Visit 3) in a 1:1 ratio to receive either (1) a meal replacement program with Glucerna SR on top of the EDP or (2) an caloric-matched EDP only. The participants will receive an educational program of diet, exercise, and behavioral strategies at randomization. Each randomized subject in the meal replacement group will receive Glucerna SR to replace one meal (breakfast) and one pre-sleep snack for 24 weeks. The subjects in the group with EDP only will receive a meal plan like they have in the lead-in period. All study subjects will be placed on a diet plan with 500 \~ 800 kcal/day less than their estimated daily maintenance energy requirement and receive an individualized exercise prescription to facilitate an optimal diabetes management. The participants will visit the clinics at 4-week intervals for 24 weeks after randomization to evaluate the efficacy and the safety parameters. The participants will receive two different meal tests at both the baseline and the end of the study. The macronutrient composition in the meal test protocol 1 is a 480 Kcal Glucerna SR breakfast with 50 % CHO, 20 % protein, and 30 % fat. The test meal protocol 2 is a 480 Kcal sandwich breakfast with 63 % CHO, 20 % protein, and 17 % fat. The primary efficacy variable will be the change from baseline in incremental area under curve (∆AUC) of glucose response after a Glucerna-SR test meal between the two groups.

A telephone follow-up will be performed 2 weeks after the study to evaluate any condition related to the study.
BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory, often severely itching skin disorder. It may worsen due to stress, depression, or anxiety. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) may be involved in inflammation signaling. CGRP has also been suggested in relation to stress, depression, and anxiety. This study aimed to investigate the expression of CGRP in the skin of patients with AD.
METHODS: Twenty-seven adult patients with AD, characterized with clinical and psychodemographic parameters, were investigated regarding CGRP expression in skin biopsies, using an immunohistochemical technique.
RESULTS: The total number of CGRP-positive nerve-like fibers was found to be higher in lesional skin than in non-lesional skin. Moreover, more inflammatory cells of dendritic shape intruded into the epidermis in lesional skin compared to non-lesional skin. Keratinocytes showing expression of CGRP were also found in lesional skin. Interestingly, the number of CGRP-positive nerve-like fibers in lesional skin correlated with depressive and anxiety scores. Correlation with depressive score was also found for round CGRP-positive inflammatory cells in the epidermis.
CONCLUSIONS: CGRP may have a role in both the inflammatory process and distress, in AD.