anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Saskatchewan has implemented care pathways for several common health conditions. To date, there has not been any cost-effectiveness evaluation of care pathways in the province. The objective of this study was to evaluate the real-world cost-effectiveness of a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) care pathway program in Saskatchewan.
METHODS: Using patient-level administrative health data, we identified adults (35+ years) with COPD diagnosis recruited into the care pathway program in Regina between April 1, 2018, and March 31, 2019 (N = 759). The control group comprised adults (35+ years) with COPD who lived in Saskatoon during the same period (N = 759). The control group was matched to the intervention group using propensity scores. Costs were calculated at the patient level. The outcome measure was the number of days patients remained without experiencing COPD exacerbation within 1-year follow-up. Both manual and data-driven policy learning approaches were used to assess heterogeneity in the cost-effectiveness by patient demographic and disease characteristics. Bootstrapping was used to quantify uncertainty in the results.
RESULTS: In the overall sample, the estimates indicate that the COPD care pathway was not cost-effective using the willingness to pay (WTP) threshold values in the range of $1,000 and $5,000/exacerbation day averted. The manual subgroup analyses show the COPD care pathway was dominant among patients with comorbidities and among patients aged 65 years or younger at the WTP threshold of $2000/exacerbation day averted. Although similar profiles as those identified in the manual subgroup analyses were confirmed, the data-driven policy learning approach suggests more nuanced demographic and disease profiles that the care pathway would be most appropriate for.
CONCLUSIONS: Both manual subgroup analysis and data-driven policy learning approach showed that the COPD care pathway consistently produced cost savings and better health outcomes among patients with comorbidities or among those relatively younger. The care pathway was not cost-effective in the entire sample.
All patients in the double pledget nasal anesthesia group receive endoscopic-guided gauze nasal pledgetting to both the inferior nasal meatus and middle nasal meatus. Each patient will receive an anterior rhinoscopy to select the most patent meatus by a validated meatus scoring scale. The endoscope is preloaded with a 1.8 mm biopsy forceps to pick up a right-angled gauze strip. A preloaded biopsy forceps is protruded slowly into the middle meatus first under endoscope monitoring. The second gauze pledgetting procedure is performed two minutes after the first gauze pledgetting which serves to induce turbinate size reduction to both the INT and MNT. A gauze strip is at least brought onto the posterior end of the inferior or middle turbinate.
The application relates to compositions containing mono and di esters of biologically-based 1,3-propanediol. The compositions containing esters of 1,3-propanediol are provided. The 1,3-propanediol used to form the esters is biologically derived. The esters can have at least 3% biobased carbon. The compositions can further comprise biologically-derived 1,3-propanediol. Also provided are processes for producing compositions comprising esters of 1,3-propanediol. The processes include providing biologically produced 1,3-propanediol, contacting the 1,3-propanediol with an organic acid, which produces an ester, and recovering the produced ester.
The present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a morphogenic protein stimulatory factor (MPSF) for improving the tissue inductive activity of morphogenic proteins, particularly those belonging to the 13MP protein family. Methods for improving the tissue inductive activity of a morphogenic protein in a mammal using those compositions are provided. This invention also provides implantable morphogenic devices comprising a morphogenic protein and a MPSF disposed within a carrier that are capable of inducing tissue formation in allogeneic and xenogeneic implants. Methods for inducing local tissue formation from a progenitor cell in a mammal using those devices are also provided. A method for accelerating allograft repair in a mammal using morphogenic devices is provided. This invention also provides a prosthetic device comprising a prosthesis coated with a morphogenic protein and a MPSF, and a method for promoting in vivo integration of an implantable prosthetic device to enhance the bond strength between the prosthesis and the existing target tissue at the joining site. Methods of treating tissue degenerative conditions in a mammal using the pharmaceutical compositions are also provided.
This cohort of participants will be recruited preceding evaluation of the community-based pediatric TB prevention intervention (CHIP-TB; NCT04369326) to assist with design of the intervention and implementation strategy. Participants will include four stakeholder groups including: (1) policy makers, program managers, (2) nurse and physician clinicians, (3) community health team members, and (4) caregivers of child contacts from both South African and Ethiopian sites.
In this study, the effect of music on arterial blood pressure, anxiety level, fetal heart rate and maternal-fetal attachment in pregnant women with gestational hypertension will be studied and it will be conducted as a randomized controlled intervention study to examine the relationships with each other. The sample group will consist of 90 pregnant women, 45 in the intervention group and 45 in the control group. Within the scope of the study, the data will be collected using the 'Personal Information Form, State-Trait Anxiety Scale (STAI TX-I)', Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale (MFA) created by the researcher, and the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of each patient will be measured with a calibrated sphygmomanometer (the same sphygmomanometer was used for each patient), fetal heart rate (FHR) and fetal movements (FM) will be measured by Electronic Fetal Monitoring and Nonstress test (NST). Data will be obtained by the researcher by face-to-face interviews with pregnant women. In addition, pregnant women in the intervention group will be given music once a day for 20 minutes at the beginning of the study. Pregnant women in the control group will continue their routine care. Data will be evaluated with SPSS-25 package.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a series of following processes including synthesizing (1) a series of new analogs of leflunomide, conducting (2) in-vivo studies to evaluate the efficacy of the analogs, and selecting (3) the leflunomide analogs that can be used for treating rheumatoid arthritis.  <P>SOLUTION: New leflunomide analogs are synthesized and evaluated in-vivo. Based on the in-vivo studies, these analogs are surprisingly effective for treating rheumatoid arthritis. This invention comprises the synthesis of a series of new analogs of leflunomide for treating rheumatoid arthritis. To the best of the inventors' knowledge, these analogs have not been disclosed by any others skilled in the art. The in-vivo animal studies indicate that these leflunomide analogs are surpassingly more effective than leflunomide.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Thyroid C-cell tumors have been observed in rats and mice with GLP-1 receptor agonists.

A 2‑year carcinogenicity study was conducted with exenatide extended-release, the active component of BYDUREON BCISE, in male and female rats at doses of 0.3, 1.0, and 3.0 mg/kg (2-, 10-, and 27-times human systemic exposure at the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 2 mg/week. BYDUREON BCISE based on plasma exenatide AUC, respectively) administered by subcutaneous injection every other week. In this study there was an increased incidence of C-cell adenomas and C-cell carcinomas at all doses. An increase in benign fibromas was seen in the skin subcutis at injection sites of males given 3 mg/kg. No treatment-related injection-site fibrosarcomas were observed at any dose. The human relevance of these findings is currently unknown.

Carcinogenicity of exenatide extended-release has not been evaluated in mice.

Exenatide, the active ingredient in BYDUREON BCISE, was not mutagenic or clastogenic, with or without metabolic activation, in the Ames bacterial mutagenicity assay or chromosomal aberration assay in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Exenatide was negative in the in vivo mouse micronucleus assay.

In mouse fertility studies with exenatide, the active ingredient in BYDUREON BCISE, at twice-daily subcutaneous doses of 6, 68, or 760 mcg/kg/day, males were treated for 4 weeks prior to and throughout mating, and females were treated 2 weeks prior to mating and throughout mating until gestation day 7. No adverse effect on fertility was observed at 760 mcg/kg/day, a systemic exposure 163-times the human exposure resulting from the recommended dose of 2 mg/week, based on AUC.
The present invention relates to a class of molecules specified as novel multipurpose antibody derivatives. This class of molecules is created by heterodimerization of two constituting components. Heterodimerization is obtained by the specific heterotypic interaction of a chosen VH-CH1 combination of immunoglobulin domains, with a chosen VL-CL combination of immunoglobulin domains. The VHCH1-VLCL interaction is proposed as a very efficient heterodimerization scaffold that could be efficiently produced. By choosing the appropriate VH and VL domains in the VHCH1 and VLCL context, a binding specificity can be constituted by the heterodimerization scaffold itself. One or both of the comprising VHCH1 and VLCL chains can thus be extended at either the N- or the C-terminus or both with other molecules, such as a toxin polypeptide, an enzyme, a hormone, a cytokine, a signaling molecule, or a single chain linked Fv fragment with the same or a different specificity.
The present invention relates to an antioxidant, antibacterial or anti-moisture composition comprising an extract of Rigida pine bark. More specifically, the present invention relates to a film material composition having excellent anti-oxidation, anti-bacterial and anti-moisture effects. The Rigida pine bark extract of the present invention directly removes reactive oxygen species (eg, DPPH and ABTS radicals), has a reducing power effect, has an excellent antioxidant effect, such as removing free radicals from DNA damaged by oxidative stress. The present invention has a strong antibacterial effect by effectively removing microorganisms. By having an anti-humidity effect which removes moisture, the present invention can be easily used for film material compositions, cosmetic compositions, coating compositions, etc. The antioxidant, antibacterial, or anti-moisture film or coating composition containing Rigida pine bark extract is harmless to the human body as having no cytotoxicity. Due to the antibacterial effect and anti-moisture effect, the film material composition can be used as a packaging material or coating material for foods which may be affected by microorganisms or moisture, and further, as a protective film or coating material for furniture, electronic products, kitchen utensils, and the like.
Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) is non-medical treatment to improve insomnia. CBTI group will attend online meeting, 1 hour weekly for 8 weeks.
Cancer therapy, including immunotherapy, is inherently limited by chronic inflammation-induced tumorigenesis and toxicity within the tumor microenvironment. Thus, stimulating the resolution of inflammation may enhance immunotherapy and improve the toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). As epoxy-fatty acids (EpFAs) are degraded by the enzyme soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), the inhibition of sEH increases endogenous EpFA levels to promote the resolution of cancer-associated inflammation. Here, we demonstrate that systemic treatment with ICI induces sEH expression in multiple murine cancer models. Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation and pharmacologic sEH inhibition, both alone and in combination, significantly enhance anti-tumor activity of ICI in these models. Notably, pharmacological abrogation of the sEH pathway alone or in combination with ICI counter-regulates an ICI-induced pro-inflammatory and pro-tumorigenic cytokine storm. Thus, modulating endogenous EpFA levels through dietary supplementation or sEH inhibition may represent a unique strategy to enhance the anti-tumor activity of paradigm cancer therapies.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a first agent for permanent waving, enabling the amount of an used alkali agent to be decreased by heightening the formative ability (waving effect) of the wave and durability (wave retention) of the wave to the hair.  <P>SOLUTION: The first agent for the permanent waving contains porphyrin. The porphyrin is preferably one kind or a combination of two kinds of hematin, sodium iron chlorophyllin and sodium copper chlorophyllin. When the porphyrin is the hematin, the concentration of the hematin is preferably ≥0.001 wt.% and ≤0.015 wt.%. When the porphyrin is the sodium iron chlorophyllin, the concentration of the sodium iron chlorophyllin is ≥0.0001 wt.% and ≤0.005 wt.%.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
NEW MATERIAL:A carbostyril derivative shown by the formula I (R1 and R2 are H, or 1-4C lower alkyl; R3 is 1-4C lower alkyl; bond between 3- and 4-positions is single or double bond). EXAMPLE:5-(1-Isobutyryloxy-2-isopropylamino)butyl-8-isobutyryloxycarbo styril. USE:Useful as a drug having bronchodilating action. PREPARATION:A compound shown by the formula II is reacted with a compound shown by the formula III (X is halogen or O; n is 1 when X is halogen atom and 2 when X is O) in a solvent such as preferably dichloromethane, etc. at 0-70 deg.C, to give a compound shown by the formula I . The compound shown by the formula II is a novel compound, and is synthesized by reacting a compound shown by the formula IV with a compound shown by the formula V (X' and X are halogen) to give a compound shown by the formula, reacting this compound with an amine shown by the formula VI, reducing the reaction product with a hydrogenating agent, etc.
PURPOSE:A hygienic cataplasm having a good feeling in use, comprising a thermoplastic film with a degree of heat shrinkage <= a specific range as a base material, wherein the base material will not contract in use, a medicinal ingredient is neither protruded nor released. CONSTITUTION:A thermoplastic resin film (e.g., vinyl chloride resin composition, polymethyl methacrylate, PS, etc.) having a degree of heat shrinkage of + or -0.3%, preferably + or -0.2% is used as a base material, to give a cataplasm. The base film is preferably prepared by co-extruding the thermoplastic resin as a core in a state where both the sides are coated with a non-adherent thermoplastic resin, into a film state. Both the surfaces are released from the base material film prepared by this method, a medicinal component is applied to it, the base material is covered with a covering film, and cut to give a cataplasm. Since the base material has low degree of heat shrinkage, the base material will not contract, so the medicinal component is neither protruded nor released.
PURPOSE: To obtain a therapeutic agent containing an effective amount of an unsaturated anabasine compound (esp. myosmine) or unsaturated nicotine compound (esp. anatabine), effective for treating diseases inducing cholinergic deficiency, thus useful for treating senile dementia of Alzheimer type or the like. CONSTITUTION: A therapeutic agent for target neurodegenerative diseases is obtained by including an effective amount of an unsaturated anabasine compound of formula I (R is H or an alkyl; R' is an alkyl; X is a halogen or an alkyl; (m) is an integer of 0-4; (n) is an integer of 0-6; the dotted line inside the pyrrolidine ring denotes a C=C double bond or conjugated C=C double bond) (e.g. myosmine) or an unsaturated nicotine compound of formula II ((q) is an integer of 0-8; the dotted line inside the piperidine ring denotes a C=C double bond or conjugated C=C double bond) (e.g. anatabine) to form an oral agent as liquid in a solvent such as aqueous liquid or in a solid support, or to form an intravenous injection by dissolving the above active ingredient in a saline solution or a percutaneous agent by mixing the active ingredient in a percutaneous patch.
BACKGROUND: Thoracic endometriosis syndrome gives rise to various clinical and radiological manifestations. We reviewed the records of patients operated for intrathoracic migration of abdominal viscera through a diaphragmatic hernia secondary to thoracic endometriosis.
METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the single-center prospective collected database of all patients operated for thoracic endometriosis during the twenty years. All cases in which an abdominal organ was found to be herniated into the thoracic cavity were retrieved. Clinical and pathological data are presented and analyzed.
RESULTS: Twenty women of median age 36 (range 25-58) years were operated for endometriosis-related diaphragmatic hernia. The hernia was diagnosed concomitantly with endometriosis-related pneumothorax in 13 cases and during the exploration of catamenial thoracic pain in seven cases. There were 18 cases on the right side and two cases on the left side. The median diameter of the hernia was 8 cm (2.5-20 cm). In seventeen cases, the hernia was repaired by direct suture, and in three cases a heterologous prosthesis was positioned. At follow-up, two patients had an episode of recurrent pneumothorax.
CONCLUSIONS: Diaphragmatic hernia should be ruled out in the presence of endometriosis-related pneumothorax or catamenial thoracic pain. Surgery is indicated to make a pathological diagnosis, restore anatomy, and prevent recurrence in patients presenting with pneumothorax.
AIMS: SERCA2, one of the P-type pumps encoded by gene ATP2A2, is the only calcium reflux channel of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and participates in maintaining calcium homeostasis. The present study was designed to explore SERCA2 expression pattern in auditory hair cells and the possible mechanism underlying the effects of SERCA2 on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.
MAIN METHODS: The SERCA2 expression pattern in cochlea hair cells and HEI-OC1 cells was measured by Western blot (WB) and immunofluorescence staining. The apoptosis and its related factors were detected by TUNEL assay and WB. The expression levels of ER stress-related factors, ATF6, PERK, IRE1α, and GRP78, were measured via WB. As for the determination of SERCA2 overexpression and knockdown, plasmids and lentiviral vectors were constructed, respectively.
KEY FINDINGS: We found that SERCA2 was highly expressed in cochlea hair cells and HEI-OC1 cells. Of note, the level of SERCA2 expression in neonatal mice was remarkably higher than that in adult mice. Under the exposure of 30 μM cisplatin, SERCA2 was down-regulated significantly compared with the control group. In addition, cisplatin administration triggered the occurrence of ER stress and apoptosis. Those events were reversed by overexpressing SERCA2. On the contrary, SERCA2 knockdown could aggravate the above processes.
SIGNIFICANCE: The findings from the present study disclose, for the first time, that SERCA2 is abundantly expressed in cochlea hair cells, and the suppression of SERCA2 caused by cisplatin could trigger ER homeostasis disruption, thereby implying that SERCA2 might be a promising target to prevent cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity of hair cells.
OBJECTIVE: Large-language models (LLMs) can potentially revolutionize health care delivery and research, but risk propagating existing biases or introducing new ones. In epilepsy, social determinants of health are associated with disparities in care access, but their impact on seizure outcomes among those with access remains unclear. Here we (1) evaluated our validated, epilepsy-specific LLM for intrinsic bias, and (2) used LLM-extracted seizure outcomes to determine if different demographic groups have different seizure outcomes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We tested our LLM for differences and equivalences in prediction accuracy and confidence across demographic groups defined by race, ethnicity, sex, income, and health insurance, using manually annotated notes. Next, we used LLM-classified seizure freedom at each office visit to test for demographic outcome disparities, using univariable and multivariable analyses.
RESULTS: We analyzed 84 675 clinic visits from 25 612 unique patients seen at our epilepsy center. We found little evidence of bias in the prediction accuracy or confidence of outcome classifications across demographic groups. Multivariable analysis indicated worse seizure outcomes for female patients (OR 1.33, P ≤ .001), those with public insurance (OR 1.53, P ≤ .001), and those from lower-income zip codes (OR ≥1.22, P  ≤ .007). Black patients had worse outcomes than White patients in univariable but not multivariable analysis (OR 1.03, P = .66).
CONCLUSION: We found little evidence that our LLM was intrinsically biased against any demographic group. Seizure freedom extracted by LLM revealed disparities in seizure outcomes across several demographic groups. These findings quantify the critical need to reduce disparities in the care of people with epilepsy.
Cell directed therapy is an evolving therapeutic approach to treat organ dysfunction arising from hyperinflammation and cytokine storm by processing immune cells in an extracorporeal circuit. To investigate the mechanism of action of the Selective Cytopheretic Device (SCD), in vitro blood circuits were utilized to interrogate several aspects of the immunomodulatory therapy. SCD immunomodulatory activity is due to its effects on circulating neutrophils and monocytes in a low ionized calcium (iCa, Ca2+) blood circuit. Activated neutrophils adhere to the SCD fibers and degranulate with release of the constituents of their exocytotic vesicles. Adhered neutrophils in the low iCa environment display characteristics of apoptotic senescence. These neutrophils are subsequently released and returned back to circulation, demonstrating a clear potential for in vivo feedback. For monocytes, SCD treatment results in the selective adhesion of more pro-inflammatory subsets of the circulating monocyte pool, as demonstrated by both cell surface markers and cytokine secretory rates. Once bound, over time a subset of monocytes are released from the membrane with a less inflammatory functional phenotype. Similar methods to interrogate mechanism in vitro have been used to preliminarily confirm comparable findings in vivo. Therefore, the progressive amelioration of circulating leukocyte activation and immunomodulation of excessive inflammation observed in SCD clinical trials to date is likely due to this continuous autologous leukocyte processing.