anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Periodontitis is a condition characterized by dysbiosis of microbiota and compromised host immunological responses, resulting in the degradation of periodontal tissues. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. AHR serves as a pivotal mediator for the adverse impacts of exogenous pollutants on oral health. Research indicates elevated expression of AHR in individuals with periodontitis compared to those without the condition. However, subsequent to the identification of endogenous AHR ligands, researches have elucidated numerous significant advantageous roles associated with AHR activation in bone, immune, and epithelial cells. This review concentrates on the modulation of the AHR pathway and the intricate functions that AHR plays in periodontitis. It discusses the characteristics of AHR ligands, detailing the established physiological functions in maintaining alveolar bone equilibrium, regulating immunity, facilitating interactions between the oral microbiome and host, and providing protection to epithelial tissues, while also exploring its potential roles in systemic disorders related to periodontitis.
Methamphetamine (Meth) use is known to induce complex neuroinflammatory responses, particularly involving astrocytes and microglia. Building upon our previous research, which demonstrated that Meth stimulates astrocytes to release tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and glutamate, leading to microglial activation, this study investigates the role of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) in this process. Our findings reveal that the presence of recombinant IL-10 (rIL-10) counteracts Meth-induced excessive glutamate release in astrocyte cultures, which significantly reduces microglial activation. This reduction is associated with the modulation of astrocytic intracellular calcium (Ca2+) dynamics, particularly by restricting the release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytoplasm. Furthermore, we identify the small Rho GTPase Cdc42 as a crucial intermediary in the astrocyte-to-microglia communication pathway under Meth exposure. By employing a transgenic mouse model that overexpresses IL-10 (pMT-10), we also demonstrate in vivo that IL-10 prevents Meth-induced neuroinflammation. These findings not only enhance our understanding of Meth-related neuroinflammatory mechanisms, but also suggest IL-10 and Cdc42 as putative therapeutic targets for treating Meth-induced neuroinflammation.
Vitamin K deficiency contributes to pathological calcification which underlies the clinical picture of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), an inherited autosomal recessive disease. A substantial proportion of vitamin K, namely the K2 form (menaquinones), is produced by gut microbiota. In healthy volunteers fecal levels of the major menaquinone producers, Escherichia coli and Bacteroides species, are approximately 5 and 9 log10 CFU/g dry weight respectively. There is however a lack of data on gut microbiota in PXE patients. The objective of our project is to demonstrate a potential association between gut microbiota composition, plasma levels of various forms of vitamin K and severity of clinical manifestations in PXE patients.

This study will be performed as Research surrounding bio collection "Clinical and biological exploration of PXE patients" kept at the Center of Biological Resources of Angers University Hospital (bio collection n° DC 20116-14-67, authorization to transfer n° 2016-27-99). Fecal samples, plasma samples and clinical data will be collected from patients diagnosed with PXE who will be monitored at the Angers University Hospital Referral Center (France) in 2019-2020. Clinical severity of PXE will be assessed using modified Phenodex score. Gut microbiota will be analyzed using metagenomic sequencing. Plasma Vitamin K species and fecal excretion of menaquinones will be assessed using HPLC. Plasma dp-ucMGP (circulating biomarker of vitamin K status) and serum PIVKA-II (protein induced by vitamin K absence-II) will be assessed using immunoassay. Results will be compared to healthy age- and gender-matched controls from the pre-existing Biofortis database.
Patients who meet the eligibility criteria will be treated with oral ASTX727 (INQOVI) on days 1-5 of each 21-day cycle with Pegfilgrastim support on day 7. A delay in the start of subsequent cycles due to holidays, weather, or other circumstances will be permitted up to 7 days and not considered a protocol deviation. Drug dosing will be interrupted for any Grade 4 adverse events or clinically significant laboratory abnormalities. For Grade 3 or 4 AE, if the AE returns to Grade 1 or baseline, the patient may be re-escalated.
Cancer-associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) exert a tumor-promoting effect in various cancers, including breast cancer. CAFs secrete exosomes containing miRNA and proteins, influencing the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we identified CAF-derived exosomes that transport functional miR-92a from CAFs to tumor cells, thereby intensifying the aggressiveness of breast cancer. CAFs downregulate the expression of G3BP2 in breast cancer cells, and a significant elevation in miR-92a levels in CAF-derived exosomes was observed. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that miR-92a enhances breast cancer cell migration and invasion by directly targeting G3BP2, functioning as a tumor-promoting miRNA. We validated that the RNA-binding proteins SNRPA facilitate the transfer of CAF-derived exosomal miR-92a to breast cancer cells. The reduction of G3BP2 protein by CAF-derived exosomes releases TWIST1 into the nucleus, promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and further exacerbating breast cancer progression. Moreover, CAF-derived exosomal miR-92a induces tumor invasion and metastasis in mice. Overall, our study reveals that CAF-derived exosomal miR-92a serves as a promoter in the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells by reducing G3BP2 and may represent a potential novel tumor marker for breast cancer.
OBJECTIVES: Image acquisition in ultra-high-resolution (UHR) scan mode does not impose a dose penalty in photon-counting CT (PCCT). This study aims to investigate the dose saving potential of using UHR instead of standard-resolution PCCT for lumbar spine imaging.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight cadaveric specimens were examined with 7 dose levels (5-35 mGy) each in UHR (120 × 0.2 mm) and standard-resolution acquisition mode (144 × 0.4 mm) on a first-generation PCCT scanner. The UHR images were reconstructed with 3 dedicated bone kernels (Br68 [spatial frequency at 10% of the modulation transfer function 14.5 line pairs/cm], Br76 [21.0], and Br84 [27.9]), standard-resolution images with Br68 and Br76. Using automatic segmentation, contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) were established for lumbar vertebrae and psoas muscle tissue. In addition, image quality was assessed subjectively by 19 independent readers (15 radiologists, 4 surgeons) using a browser-based forced choice comparison tool totaling 16,974 performed pairwise tests. Pearson's correlation coefficient ( r ) was used to analyze the relationship between CNR and subjective image quality rankings, and Kendall W was calculated to assess interrater agreement.
RESULTS: Irrespective of radiation exposure level, CNR was higher in UHR datasets than in standard-resolution images postprocessed with the same reconstruction parameters. The use of sharper convolution kernels entailed lower CNR but higher subjective image quality depending on radiation dose. Subjective assessment revealed high interrater agreement ( W = 0.86; P < 0.001) with UHR images being preferred by readers in the majority of comparisons on each dose level. Substantial correlation was ascertained between CNR and the subjective image quality ranking (all r 's ≥ 0.95; P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: In PCCT of the lumbar spine, UHR mode's smaller pixel size facilitates a considerable CNR increase over standard-resolution imaging, which can either be used for dose reduction or higher spatial resolution depending on the selected convolution kernel.
The application discloses a monoclonal antibody of anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein and its application. The antibody comprises: v as shown in any one of SEQ ID NO. 1-7  H  CDR1; v as selected from the group of any one of SEQ ID NO.8 to 14  H  CDR2; v as shown in any one of SEQ ID NO. 15-21  H  CDR3; v as shown in any one of SEQ ID NO. 22-28  L  CDR1; v selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO.29 to 35  L  CDR2; v selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO.36 to 42  L  And (3) CDR3. The antibody can be used for rapid detection or screening of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The antibodies can also be used to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Sepsis is a common and severe infectious disease, and its associated coagulation dysfunction can cause disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and organ failure, leading to a significant increase in mortality. Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death mediated by caspase-1 in the classical pathway and caspase-4/caspase-5/caspase-11 in the non-classical pathway, along with the effector molecule gasdermin (GSDM) family. Recent studies have shown that pyroptosis plays an important role in the development of coagulation disorders in sepsis. Pyroptosis leads to the formation of cytoplasmic membrane pores, cell swelling and membrane rupture, as well as the release and enhanced activity of procoagulant contents, strongly promoting the development of systemic coagulation activation and DIC in sepsis. Therefore, exploring the role and molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis in sepsis-related coagulation disorders is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of sepsis. This article provides a review of the mechanisms involved in pyroptosis and coagulation disorders in sepsis, as well as the role and mechanisms of pyroptosis in sepsis-associated coagulation disorders to provide new ideas for sepsis related research.
This is an investigator initiated, randomized, single-blind, response-adaptive trial conducted at two sites in patients who have tried conventional therapy and failed or have refused conventional therapy. This study is being conducted to determine the efficacy of combinations of marketed drugs against unicellular organisms in cancer treatment. The products under investigation include FDA- and SSA-approved anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-protozoan drugs with documented anti-cancer properties. The drugs under study are compatible with each other, and used at pharmacological dosages known to be tolerable and safe in humans and/or cancer patients with limited adverse effects. Patients receive treatment for 10 to 12 months. The duration of treatment is depended on the drugs investigated. It is hypothesized that regression will occur within 6 months and treatment will be continued with the assumption that this may prevent recurrences. Outcomes will be measured objectively and assessments appropriate for the type of cancer treated. Outcome measures may include 1) Changes in signs and symptoms; (2) Visual inspection of tumors using weekly photographs and measurements (as appropriate); (3)Monthly chest X-rays to monitor lung tumors, lung metastases and/or fluid in the chest; (4) Ultrasound to evaluate abdominal tumors (e.g., liver metastases), and breast and armpit lymph nodes; (5) CT, MRI and PET scans; (6) Tumor markers in blood such as Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), CA-15.3, CA-19-9, etc. and other laboratory studies to monitor response. The overall goal of this study is to understand the efficacy of atavistic chemotherapy that may mediate metastatic or terminal cancer regression or cure.
Psychosis in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is prevalent and indicates poor prognosis. However, the neuropathological, cognitive and brain atrophy patterns underlying these symptoms have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we evaluated 178 patients with AD neuropathological change (ADNC) and ante-mortem volumetric brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Presence of psychosis was determined using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire. Clinical Dementia Rating Sum-of-boxes (CDR-SB) was longitudinally compared between groups with a follow-up of 3000 days using mixed-effects multiple linear regression. Neuropsychological tests closest to the time of MRI and brain regional volumes were cross-sectionally compared. Psychosis was associated with lower age of death, higher longitudinal CDR-SB scores, multi-domain cognitive deficits, higher neuritic plaque severity, Braak stage, Lewy Body pathology (LB) and right temporal lobe regional atrophy. Division according to the presence of LB showed differential patterns of AD-typical pathology, cognitive deficits and regional atrophy. In conclusion, psychosis in ADNC with and without LB has clinical value and associates with subgroup patterns of neuropathology, cognition and regional atrophy.
Dose of G1T28-1 or placebo will be determined based on the safety and PK data from Cohort 4; G1T28-1 or placebo will be administered in 50mL of 5% dextrose by IV infusion. Subjects from this cohort may be selected to participate in the Whole Blood Ex-Vivo Stimulation group.
PCT No. PCT/US93/10868 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 29, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 29, 1995 PCT Filed Nov. 9, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/11006 PCT Pub. Date May 26, 1994Substances comprising disaccharides and substances comprising carboxylated and/or sulfated oligosaccharides in substantially purified form, and methods of using same, are disclosed for the regulation of cytokine activity in a host. For instance, the secretion of active Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF- alpha ) can be either inhibited or augmented selectively by administration to the host of an effective amount of a substance of the invention. Thus, the present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions and their use for the prevention and/or treatment of pathological processes involving the induction of active cytokine secretion, such as TNF- alpha . The invention also relates to the initiation of a desirable immune system-related response by the host to the presence of activators, including pathogens. The substances and pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be administered daily, at very low effective doses, typically below 0.1 mg/kg human, or at intervals of tip to about 5-8 days, preferably once a week.
PURPOSE: A composition containing a fraction of Brassica campestris spp. rappa alcohol extract is provided to ensure anti-obesity effect. CONSTITUTION: A composition for anti-obesity contains a fraction which is prepared by fractioning Brassica campestris spp. rappa alcohol extract with hexane and ethyl acetate mixture. The alcohol is low alcohol of 1-4 carbon atoms. The composition is a food composition or pharmaceutical composition. The food composition is manufactured in the form of a tablet, granule, powder, beverage, and gruel.
Extremes in organismal size have broad interest in ecology and evolution because organismal size dictates many traits of an organism's biology. There is particular fascination with identifying upper size extremes in the largest vertebrates, given the challenges and difficulties of measuring extant and extinct candidates for the largest animal of all time, such as whales, terrestrial non-avian dinosaurs, and extinct marine reptiles. The discovery of Perucetus colossus, a giant basilosaurid whale from the Eocene of Peru, challenged many assumptions about organismal extremes based on reconstructions of its body weight that exceeded reported values for blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus). Here we present an examination of a series of factors and methodological approaches to assess reconstructing body weight in Perucetus, including: data sources from large extant cetaceans; fitting published body mass estimates to body outlines; testing the assumption of isometry between skeletal and body masses, even with extrapolation; examining the role of pachyostosis in body mass reconstructions; addressing method-dependent error rates; and comparing Perucetus with known physiological and ecological limits for living whales, and Eocene oceanic productivity. We conclude that Perucetus did not exceed the body mass of today's blue whales. Depending on assumptions and methods, we estimate that Perucetus weighed 60-70 tons assuming a length 17 m. We calculated larger estimates potentially as much as 98-114 tons at 20 m in length, which is far less than the direct records of blue whale weights, or the 270 ton estimates that we calculated for body weights of the largest blue whales measured by length.
A marker for cancer, cancer metastasis and bone diseases, a method of detecting cancer and bone diseases and a diagnosis kit are provided. Also, drugs aiming at preventing and treating cancer, arthritis deformans, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis are provided.  CO126 is expressed in mesenchymal stem cells and shows an increase in the expression in gastric cancer. Thus, it is useful as a gastric cancer marker. Also, CO126 has an activity of inducing the differentiation of cartilage cells and, therefore, is useful as a marker for arthritis deformans and rheumatoid arthritis. Moreover, a CO126 polypeptide, a polynucleotide encoding this polypeptide and an antibody against this polypeptide are useful in screening a substance controlling the activity of inducing the cartilage cell differentiation. A substance obtained by the screening is useful as a drug such as a preventive or a remedy for gastric cancer, arthritis deformans and rheumatoid arthritis.
This is a two-year microdosing study that will enroll 5 metastatic melanoma patients and 18 malignant brain tumor patients (surgical (n=13) and non-surgical candidates (n=5)). We have already accrued 5 melanoma patients and expect to accrue brain tumor patients within a 1 year period.
PURPOSE:To enable exact data acquisition even with the change of heart beat period by detecting each of a living body image data and heart movement, and preserving the heart movement data at the time of image data detection together with the elapsed time information from the reference time phase. CONSTITUTION:A living body image data from a cancer camera is temporarily stored in either of input buffers 2 or 3 by way of a switching circuit 1. Out of the electrocardiowave signals of an electrocardiograph an R wave is detected 5 and for every detection signal the circuit 1 is switched by turns. And the switching circuit 4 on the output side of the buffers 2 and 3 is switched by turns in the opposite phase to it. By this detection signal, the elapsed time information from the reference time phase is also added 10 to the image data simultaneously. These are read in this manner from the buffer where no data is stored and the image data are distributed to image memories 81 to 8n based on the elapsed time information by a distributing circuit 6 and also stored in a memory device 9. Thus, the quality and measurement accuracy of the restructured images are raised by the data synchronized with the heart movement.
The trainings prepared by the researcher in line with the literature information on Environmental Theory, Self-Care Disability Theory and Adaptation Model will be carried out in 3 sessions with creative drama teaching method to the experimental group. The trainings will be planned in the classroom environment for 4 weeks and 2 lesson hours (100 minutes) for each session. At the end of the trainings, "Knowledge Measurement Questionnaire" and "Perception of Nursing Profession Scale" will be applied to the participants as a post-test to measure their level of knowledge about nursing theories. In the third stage of the study, semi-structured interviews will be conducted with the students from the experimental group after the applications in order to reveal the participants' views on teaching methods.
Pembrolizumab dose will be administered intravenously prior to intravenous adminstration of tusamitamab ravtansine dose every 3 weeks. Carboplatin will be infused over 15 to 60 minutes immediately after tusamitamab ravtansine infusion on Day 1 and Q3W for the first 4 cycles. Cisplatin will be infused approximately 30 minutes after tusamitamab ravtansine infusion on Day 1 and Q3W for the first 4 cycles.
FIELD: pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to new polypeptides showing an antithrombin activity. Polypeptides are produced from tissues or secrets of leeches of order Rhynchobdellida, mainly of species Theromyzon tessulatum. Molecular mass of polypeptides is about 14 kDa, 9 kDa and they can be used in pharmaceutical compositions for treatment of disorders and states induced by thrombosis. EFFECT: broadened arsenal of thrombin inhibitors. 10 cl, 10 dwg, 2 tbl, 11 ex
PURPOSE: We aimed to investigate the association between serum lipid level and tinnitus risk in Korean older adults.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study used data from the 2016-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Overall, 6021 subjects aged ≥60 years were included. Hypertriglyceridemia was defined as a serum triglyceride level of ≥200 mg/dL. The high-risk threshold of the total cholesterol (TC)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio was defined as above 5.0. The presence of tinnitus was assessed via health interviews. Tinnitus severity was classified as "not annoying," "irritating," and "severely annoying and causing sleep problems." Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between serum lipid level and tinnitus risk.
RESULTS: The odds ratio (OR) of tinnitus was 1.27-times higher in the group with hypertriglyceridemia than in the group without hypertriglyceridemia after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, anemia, current smoking, obesity, noise exposure, stress cognition, and depressive mood or anxiety [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-1.56, p=0.022]. The OR of tinnitus was 1.21-times higher in the group with a high TC/HDL-C ratio than in the group without a high TC/HDL-C ratio after adjusting for the same variables as above (95% CI 1.02-1.44, p=0.025).
CONCLUSION: This study revealed that hypertriglyceridemia and high TC/HDL-C ratio were significantly associated with an increased OR of tinnitus in Korean older adults.