anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Adjacent segment disease is a relatively common late complication after lumbar fusion. If symptomatic, certain patients require fusion of the degenerated adjacent segment. Currently, there are no posterior completely minimally invasive techniques described for fusion of the adjacent segment above or below a previous fusion. We describe here a novel minimally invasive technique for both implant removal (MIS-IR) and adjacent level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) for lumbar stenosis.
METHODS: Demographic, surgical, and radiographic outcome data were collected for patients with lumbar stenosis and previous lumbar fusion, who were treated with MIS-IR and MIS-TLIF through the same incision. Radiographic outcomes were assessed postoperatively and complications were assessed at the primary end point of 3 months.
RESULTS: A total of 14 patients (7 female and 7 male), with average age 64.6 years (SD 13.4), were included in this case series. Nine patients had single-level MIS-IR with single-level MIS-TLIF. Three patients had 2-level MIS-IR with single-level MIS-TLIF. Two patients had single-level MIS-IR with 2-level MIS-TLIF. Only 1 patient had a postoperative complication-hematoma requiring same-day evacuation. There were no other complications at the primary end point and no fusion failure at the hardware removal levels to date (average follow-up, 11 months). Average increases in posterior disk height and foraminal height after MIS-TLIF were 4.44, and 2.18 mm, respectively.
CONCLUSION: Minimally invasive spinal IR can be successfully completed along with adjacent level TLIF through the same incisions, via an all-posterior approach.
The current study is designed to determine whether a dietary supplement, the tocotrienol-enriched fraction of palm oil (TRF) will enhance the effects of a botanical supplement, Chinese Red Yeast Rice (CRYR). Originally, CRYR was sold as a dietary supplement in the United States until 2001. Since that time, CRYR containing monacolin K which is chemically identical to mevinolin sold as Mevacor (now off patent) has been classified as an unapproved drug. At the present time, there are many brands of CRYR sold over the counter in drug stores and warehouse chains in the U.S. However, none of these have the amounts of Monacolin K found in the CRYR which was the subject of FDA action in 2001 and none have been proven effective in lowering cholesterol. FDA monitors the levels of monacolin K in over the counter supplements and limits the approved levels to less than 2 mg when effective doses are between 6 and 10 mg, in this study we will use . two capsules per day where each capsule contains 3 mg of mevinolin as Monacolin K. The capsules also contain the rice on which the CRYR is fermented for a total mass of 600 mg per capsule or a total daily dose of 1200mg.

The study was originally designed to focus on the effects of tocotrienol, utilized with a statin drug. However, subjects being recruited with cholesterol levels between 200 mg/dl and 240 mg/dl did not want to take a drug. This made it impossible to recruit subjects. Therefore, the current protocol is being submitted using a CRYR from China which has known effects on serum lipid and will be used in this study to examine whether tocotrienol by suppressing the increase in gene expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA) reductase will further lower serum lipid compared to the CRYR alone.

This objective will be achieved by recruiting individuals with cholesterol levels within the l range of 200 to 240 mg/dl where drug treatment is optional. After acclimation to a step 1 American Heart Association (AHA) diet, subjects will be randomized to one of four groups to receive 1) Placebo; 2) CRYR alone; 3) TRF alone; or 4) CRYR and TRF in combination for 12 weeks. Fasting lipids including cholesterol, triglyceride, and HDL cholesterol will be measured at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 weeks.
A hypnotic drug (I) contains (a) L-hyptophan; (b) at least one cpd. which blocks the chemical bonding of L-hyptophan on Serum-protein, esp. serum albumin, or which will liberate L-hyptophan from this; (c) at least one cpd. which inhibits L-hyptophan pyrrolase activity. (I) is well tolerated by the body and has a positive effect both on falling asleep and staying asleep and on the total length of sleeping. The natural sleep is not altered, in particular the natural sleep cycle is unchanged. "Hangover" symptoms are not observed, due to the good degradation of the L-hyptophan. No tolerance development occurs, in contrast to known sleeping drugs; instead long-term administration of L-hyptophan increases the effectiveness.
BACKGROUND: Adiposity and adipokines are closely associated with obesity-related metabolic abnormalities, but little is known regarding whether abdominal obesity is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through circulating adiponectin levels. Thus, this large-population-based study was designed to investigate the mediating effect of adiponectin in the relationship between abdominal obesity and T2DM.
METHODS: A total of 232,438 adults who lived in Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China, were enrolled in the present study. The circulating adiponectin concentrations were measured using latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay. The association between circulating adiponectin and other clinical parameters was detected by Spearman's correlation analysis. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression was also used to address the non-linearity of the relationship between waist circumference and diabetes. Mediation analyses of circulating adiponectin were conducted using linear and logistic regression.
RESULTS: Subjects with abdominal obesity had lower levels of circulating adiponectin (P < 0.001). The circulating adiponectin value was inversely related to BMI (r = -0.370, P < 0.001), waist circumference (r = -0.361, P < 0.001), and fasting plasma glucose (r = -0.221, P < 0.001). The RCS plot showed a non-linear relation linking waist circumference with T2DM (P for non-linearity < 0.001). Patients with abdominal obesity presented 2.062 times higher odds of T2DM in comparison with those with non-abdominal obesity (odds ratio, 2.062; 95% confidence interval, 1.969-2.161) after adjusting for confounders. In the mediation analyses, the circulating adiponectin mediated the association between abdominal obesity and T2DM, with a mediation effect of 41.02% after adjustments. The above results were consistent in both men and women.
CONCLUSION: The relationship between abdominal obesity and T2DM is mediated through circulating adiponectin level in adults, suggesting that circulating adiponectin might be a potential predictor for controlling the adverse progression from adiposity to T2DM.
Based on global projections, meeting the unmet demand for contraceptives would prevent more than two-thirds of unintended pregnancies and more than two-thirds of maternal deaths. Voluntary family planning has also been shown to improve newborn health outcomes, advance women's empowerment, and bring socioeconomic benefits through reductions in fertility and population growth. Yet among the populations that would benefit the most from family planning, uptake remains too low.

The specific aim of this pilot study is to estimate the impact of a new digital health service on the uptake of family planning among Kenyan women with an unmet need for contraception. This service promotes uptake by offering free screening and referral. Women text the service for free, complete a short automated screening over the phone, and receive a list of recommended methods and a referral to local family planning providers offering those methods. The main hypothesis is that the service will increase the uptake of family planning among these users.
Patients with at least two consecutive and reliable standard automated perimetry (SAP) examinations with either a pattern standard deviation (PSD) outside the 95% normal limits or a glaucoma hemifield test (GHT) result outside the 99% normal limits. Patients considered suspects for glaucoma must have an intraocular pressure (IOP) greater than 21 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) or suspicious appearance of the optic nerve head but with reliable normal visual fields, defined as a PSD within 95% confidence limits and a GHT result within normal limits.
This treatment lasts a total of 28 days. Participants will be asked to identify common safety behaviors related to social anxiety. For the next 14 days, participants will receive instructions to fade out these behaviors. After 14 days, participants will be asked to re-select their target safety behaviors and continue to reduce them over the next two weeks.
The invention discloses a chiral pseudonucleoside compound and its preparation method and use. The chiral pseudonucleoside compound is shown in the formula I. The preparation method adopts raw materials prepared by catalytic hydrolysis of an N-heterocyclic diamide compound in the presence of a Rhodococcus erythropolis AJ270 microbial catalytic system. A use amount of Rhodococcus rhodochrous can be adjusted by a use amount of a substrate. A reaction solvent is a common buffer solution having a pH value of 6.0 to 8.0. A reaction temperature is in a range of 20 to 37 DEG C. Reaction time is in a range of 0.1 to 120 hours. The Rhodococcus erythropolis AJ270 microbial catalytic system is suitable for fermentation culture and can be preserved conveniently. The preparation method of a chiral N-heterocyclic diamide, a monoamido carboxylic acid and a dicarboxylic acid is based on biotransformation, has the characteristics of simple processes, high reaction efficiency, mild reaction conditions, high enantioselectivity, easy separation of products and high product purity, and can be used for synthesis of the chiral pseudonucleoside compound which is a novel pseudonucleoside shown in the formula I.
The invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical chemistry, and in particular relates to a novel type of ilicin derivatives (I). The derivatives are products obtained through structurally improving the C3, C19-OH and C24, 28-COOH of ilicin. The ilicin derivatives are characterized in that a cardiovascular disease first-level pharmaceutical-aspirin and a micromolecular gaseous compound with a vascular expansion function-nitric oxide are connected to the C24 and/or C28-COOH of an ilicin molecule through firstly adopting a combination principle and click chemical reaction, so that a series of derivatives are formed. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the ilicin derivatives and an application of utilizing the novel type of ilicin derivatives to inhibit the anti-platelet aggregation activity. The type of compounds have a better adenosine diphosphate (ADP) induced platelet aggregation inhibition function than the aspirin; the type of compounds (0.1mM) have an equivalent thrombin induced platelet aggregation inhibition function as the aspirin (0.25mM). Generally, the type of compounds can be used for preparing pharmaceuticals for preventing and treating thromboembolic diseases such as coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease, thromboangiitis obliterans, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular surgery, peripheral vein postoperation thrombosis and the like.
Purpose: Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are associated with an increased length of stay and a higher risk of mortality in hospitalized patients. A lack of literature exists that evaluates the need to empirically cover patients for historic MDROs upon readmission. Methods: A retrospective, single-center, cohort study was conducted to evaluate the impact of empiric MDRO antibiotic coverage in patients with a history of MDROs. Differences in length of stay were assessed between two groups of patients: those empirically treated for their historic MDRO and those not. Secondary outcomes included in-hospital mortality, ICU length of stay, need for antibiotic escalation, need for antibiotic de-escalation, and antibiotic duration. Results: Seventy-two patients with historic MDRO(s) were readmitted to the hospital and met inclusion criteria for this study. Hospital length of stay was similar between those empirically covered and those not (11 days vs 15.1 days; P = 0.149). When analyzed in a population only including Gram-negative MDROs, hospital length of stay was shorter in those who received empiric coverage (10.7 days vs 17.2 days; P = 0.032). Conclusion: In the total study population, empiric coverage of historic MDROs failed to significantly reduce hospital length of stay. When analyzed in a population of only Gram-negative MDROs, empiric coverage of historic organisms reduced hospital length of stay by 6.5 days. This suggests that in patients readmitted to the ICU for sepsis, empiric coverage of historic Gram-negative MDROs may be beneficial.
A wearable continuous analyte monitoring (CAM) device includes a disposable sensor unit and a long-life reusable transmitter unit. The transmitter unit has no power source and has an enclosure that seals wireless transmitter circuitry within. The disposable sensor unit is configured to receive and provide power to the transmitter unit therein. Upon expiration of the disposable sensor unit, the transmitter unit can be removed from the disposable sensor unit and reused in another disposable sensor unit with a fresh power source. The CAM device has a cover constructed of a fabric material to improve aesthetics and feel of the CAM device. Methods of preparing and applying the CAM device to a user’s skin are also provided, as are other aspects.
BACKGROUND: Children are one of the biggest users of emergency departments in the UK, sometimes utilising services when experiencing acute illnesses that can be managed at home. mHealth can be an efficacious way for parents/guardians to manage acute illnesses. It has also become a ubiquitous resource to promote public health interests within a resource constrained health system. However, to be effective, co-design is necessary with concepts such as usefulness, ease of use, trustworthiness and security underpinning the utility of mHealth interventions for acute childhood illness.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to conduct an environmental scan of mHealth apps for parental assessment and management of acute childhood illnesses in 0- to 5-year-olds, review the content and functionality of each identified app against the list of desired attributes identified in previous research and synthesise publicly available reviews from end users to demonstrate the quality of current apps in the marketplace and identify areas for improvement.
METHOD: App characteristics were mapped to an a priori defined list of desirable attributes. End user reviews were mapped to a modified Technology Acceptance Model framework that included overarching themes of: Perceived Usefulness (PU), Perceived Ease of Use (PEU), Perceived Trustworthiness (PT) and Perceived Security (PS) using reflexive thematic analysis.
RESULTS: Overall, 15 apps were included in the analysis (Table 2). Fourteen of the 15 apps were available on both the iOS and Android platforms. 'Baby Illness, Prevention, Cure' was only available on the Android store. All apps were free to download and did not restrict access to information or features via in-app purchases. Baby and child first aid (British Red Cross) was the earliest app to be released (2014). This app was updated annually, with the most recent update being 2022. The most recent apps to be released (2018) were 'AskFirst' (formerly Ask NHS), 'Essex Child Health' and 'The Lullaby Trust Baby Check', updated in 2022, 2020 and 2019, respectively. No individual app met all the desirable attributes highlighted by parents in previous research. Both 'Healthier Together', and 'The Lullaby Trust Baby Check' included all but one desirable attributes (video), as did the ''CATCH (Common Approach to Children's Health), which did not utilise a traffic light system. Apps that were locality specific were not rated by users (Berkshire Child Health, Cheshire Child Health, Child Health Guide Newham, Child Health HMR, Oldham Child Illness and Walsall Healthy Child). All other apps were rated from 2/5 to 5/5 stars. When considering localities, the 'CATCH' app was only supported in Halton, Cheshire, Knowsley, Liverpool, St Helens and Vale Royal. Further investigation evidenced no correlation between inclusion of the desirable attributes and app rating.
CONCLUSION: Overall, this research has highlighted several aspects of best practise when developing mHealth apps for the management of acute childhood illnesses, for increasing PU, PEU, PT and PS; and also, places importance on co-design.
Mechanical ventilation is a critical intervention for patients with acute respiratory failure. However, lung overdistension induced by mechanical ventilation also causes pulmonary endothelial dysfunction. The injurious effect of mechanical stretch on pulmonary endothelium has been implicated in the development of ventilator-induced lung injury, which is characterized by pulmonary inflammation and particularly increased vascular permeability. In addition, the investigators and others have previously shown that mechanical stretch increases cultured lung endothelial monolayer permeability in vitro and promotes lung vascular permeability in mice Thus, elucidating the mechanisms underlying the mechanical stretch-induced lung endothelial barrier dysfunction may provide a novel clinical therapeutic target against ventilator-induced lung injury.

As novel agonists of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, R-spondin proteins constitute a class of ligands, including R-spondin 1/2/3/4, functioning through their receptors leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor (LGR)4/5/6 to enhance Wnt/β-catenin activity. Since Wnt signaling plays pivotal roles in the regulation of many life processes involved in embryogenesis and adulthood, R-spondin proteins also take part in cell proliferation, differentiation and morphogenesis. For example, in the formation of respiratory system，R-spondin 2 is required for normal laryngeal-tracheal and lung morphogenesis，and the lack of R-spondin 1 expression results in the absence of duct side-branching development and subsequent alveolar formation. In addition, R-spondins show protective effect in tissue injury and diseases. R-spondin 1 and R-spondin 3 have been reported to prevent chemotherapy- or radiotherapy-induced mucous membrane lesion. R-spondin 1 attenuates oral mucositis contributed by radiotherapy in mouse models and R-spondin 3 potentiates intestinal regeneration elicited via gastrointestinal toxic effect of chemoradiotherapy treatment. However, whether R-spondin proteins exert salient influence on acute lung injury especially induced by mechanical ventilation is deficient. Therefore, this study aims to ascertain the implication of R-spondin proteins in the pathology of mechanical ventilation induced lung injury through detecting human plasma concentration change of R-spondin 1/2/3/4 after mechanical ventilation and interference effects in mouse model, which is helpful for prevention and treatment of ventilation induced lung injury.
INTRODUCTION: Emergence delirium (ED) is a transient irritative and dissociative state that arises after the cessation of anaesthesia in patients who do not respond to calming measures. There are many risk factors for ED, but the exact cause and underlying mechanism have not been determined because the definition of ED is still unclear in consensus. This study aims to determine ED incidence, identify ED risk factors and external validation of Watcha, Cravero and expert assessment to Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scoring system in ED prediction.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is a prospective cohort study on 79 paediatrics who underwent elective surgery with general anaesthesia. Parameter measures include the incidence of ED, ED risk factors, and the relationship between PAED, Watcha, Cravero score and expert assessment. The ED risk factor was analysed using univariate and multivariate analysis. The relationship between PAED, Watcha, Cravero score, and expert assessment was determined using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
RESULTS: The incidence of ED was 22.8%. All parameters examined in this study showed p < 0.05. Watcha's scoring correlates with the PAED scoring and shows the highest discrimination ability with AUC 0.741 and p < 0.05.
CONCLUSION: The incidence of ED in paediatrics is relatively high. Compared to others, Watcha score are more reliable for ED prediction. However, some demographic and perioperative factors are not the risk factor of ED.
MIND at Home-Plus is a home-based, care coordination that focuses on persons with dementia living at home and their family caregivers. Its goal is to help persons age in place safely while increasing quality of life. Delivered over 18 months, MIND-Plus systematically assesses and addresses unmet care needs of persons with dementia and their caregivers which are known to be linked to poor health and quality of life outcomes, and that put people at risk for long term care placement. The needs addressed in the MIND program cover a wide range of care domains, ranging from home and medication safety, to cognitive and behavior symptoms management, meaningful activities and legal considerations. The care team made up of a memory care coordinator, nurse, occupational therapist, and physician.
Patients receive online educational information about ET at the start of their ET medication. Patients also receive a total of 5 motivational interviewing counseling sessions via telephone over 30-90 minutes for up to 9 months. These sessions are designed to support patients while they take their ET medication, develop health goals, and stay on track in achieving those goals.
The BC3 body composition analyzer is manufactured by Stayhealthy. It is a handheld, noninvasive bioelectrical impedance device. When held, the BC3 sends an electrical impulse through the body to determine body fat, lean mass, and total body hydration. Bio-impedance devices measure the change in electrical resistance in body tissues by using a detectable electrical signal that passes through the body. The method is based on the principle that lean body mass contains virtually all the water and conducting electrolytes in the body and provides a good electrical pathway. In contrast, fat or fat-containing tissues produce a poor electrical pathway. By inducing a low-energy, high-frequency signal, a measurement of the baseline resistance to flow of electrical current can be assessed. The resistance measurement relates directly to the volume of the conductor. Through repeated measurements and identifying other parameters (i.e. gender, weight, age and height) proprietary equations were developed that determine total body water, lean mass, and % body fat.

The purpose of this study is to validate the calculated hydration factor produced by the BC3 bioelectrical impedance device. If this value is valid and comparable to the gold standard (D20) then this hydration factor will offer a very quick and inexpensive method to determine total body hydration status using a hand-held bioelectrical impedance device.