anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Post-COVID-19 Syndrome (PCS), also known as post-acute sequelae of COVID-19, manifests following an acute infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19 infection). PCS is characterized by the persistence of symptoms beyond 12 weeks from the onset of infection and/or the emergence of new symptoms within this time. Although recent guidelines offer specific criteria to diagnose PCS, ambiguity persists due to the complex nature of its symptomatology and the lack of definitive diagnostic tools. PCS is a multisystemic disorder characterized by symptoms such as (chronic) fatigue, diminished physical performance, muscular weakness and pain, dyspnea, cognitive impairments and alterations of the autonomous nervous system, as well as mental and psychological distress. The severity of symptoms varies widely among patients, from mild impairment to significant restrictions in daily activities, potentially leading to partial or complete incapacity to work. Of note, the severity of the acute infection does not predict the onset or severity of PCS. Even though many patients experience gradual recovery without specific treatment, there is a substantial need for effective medical rehabilitation, especially for those with persistent PCS. To this respect, exercise-based programs have been shown to induce significantly exercise capacity as well as higher quality of life, reduced fatigue, and less depression. Despite ongoing investigations, the mechanisms contributing to the onset and severity of PCS remain largely unknown. Factors may include endothelial dysfunction and detrimental effects on the microvasculature, as well as a "cytokine storm" associated with excessive oxidative stress and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction which has emerged as a significant potential contributor.

Notably, detrimental effects on mitochondrial function have been described as a result of severe acute infections triggering an excessive immune response, systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Recent studies suggested that impaired mitochondrial function in PCS may be associated with impaired fatty acid oxidation (FatOx) which can be identified using cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Currently, the number of PCS patients characterized for changes in FatOx using CPET is low and associations with signs and symptoms of PCS such as fatigue have not been reported in detail. Moreover, reports on the potential of exercise-based rehabilitation to restore FatOx capacity in PCS are not available. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate if analysis of breath-by-breath spirometric data followed by an estimation of individual FatOx capacity can be used for the stratification of PCS patients. The investigators hypothesized that a lower FatOx potential would be associated with PCS-specific signs and symptoms such as mental and physical fatigue. In addition, the investigators sought to analyze if exercise-based rehabilitation would be effective in restoring PCS patients' FatOx capacity as a sign of improved mitochondrial function.
The safety and effectiveness of BYLVAY have been established in pediatric patients 3 months to 17 years of age for the treatment of pruritus in PFIC. Use of BYLVAY in this age group is supported by evidence from one randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted in 62 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of PFIC type 1 or type 2 (Trial 1), and an open-label extension trial in PFIC patients (Trial 2) [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) and Clinical Studies (14)].

The safety and effectiveness of BYLVAY for the treatment of pruritus in PFIC in pediatric patients less than 3 months of age have not been established.

The safety and effectiveness of BYLVAY have been established in pediatric patients 12 months to 17 years of age for the treatment of pruritus in ALGS. Use of BYLVAY in this age group is supported by evidence from one randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted in 52 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of ALGS (Trial 3) and one open-label extension trial in ALGS patients (Trial 4) [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) and Clinical Studies (14)].

The safety and effectiveness of BYLVAY for the treatment of pruritus in ALGS in pediatric patients less than 12 months of age have not been established.
Belonging to the field of natural drugs or health care products, the invention relates to application of Kudzuvine Root, Pteris multifida Poir and rock sugar in drugs or health care products. The invention provides a lozenge for treatment of diarrhea. The lozenge is characterized by comprising 15g-20g of Kudzuvine Root, 6g-20g of Pteris multifida Poir, 15g-20g of Sedum sarmentosum, 32g-40g of Celosia argentea, and 16g-21g brown sugar. The lozenge is characterized by being prepared by: drying Kudzuvine Root in the sun and grinding it into powder, grinding Pteris multifida Poir into powder, cooking and drying Sedum sarmentosum and Celosia argentea, and grinding them into powder, also grinding brown sugar into powder, then mixing the five powder in proportion, and conducting film pressing to obtain 5mm lozenge. The lozenge can be taken with warm water or kept in the mouth, about 10g each time and three times a day. The lozenge for treatment of diarrhea provided by the invention has high medical value.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has become a serious global health care and public health problems due to its high prevalence, high morbidity and heavy economic burden. Acute exacerbation of COPD is one of the most important causes of death in patients with COPD. The global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of COPD recommends systemic corticosteroids therapy in COPD exacerbations as it can shorten recovery time, reduce treatment failure, improve lung function and arterial hypoxemia. In clinical practice for the treatment of acute exacerbation of COPD， antibiotic application is still controversial. Evidence from current guideline is based on strict criteria from randomized controlled trials, thus the given condition is simplified. Patients meet the criteria account for the minority in the real world. Therefore, it is still not clear whether most patients benefit from the recommended treatment. In our design, hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of COPD will be enrolled, with their treatment, arterial hypoxemia, recovery time and length of hospitalization being observed. The main purpose is to evaluate the benefit effect of current recommended treatment of acute exacerbation of COPD in the real world.
Participants will receive amivantamab in combination with cetrelimab in Cohorts A and B at the RP2CD determined by the SET in Phase 1. Participants will continue study treatment until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or until another criterion for discontinuation of study treatment is met.
Obesity, a chronic low-grade inflammatory disease represented by multifactorial metabolic dysfunctions, is a significant global health threat for adults and children. The once-held belief that type 1 diabetes is a disease of people who are lean no longer holds. The mounting epidemiological data now establishes the connection between type 1 diabetes and the subsequent development of obesity, or vice versa. Beyond the consequences of the influx of an obesogenic environment, type 1 diabetes-specific biopsychosocial burden further exacerbates obesity. In the course of obesity management discussions, recurring challenges surfaced. The interplay between weight gain and escalating insulin dependence creates a vicious cycle from which patients struggle to break free. In the absence of weight management guidelines and regulatory approval for this population, healthcare professionals must navigate the delicate balance between benefits and risks. The gravity of this circumstance highlights the importance of bringing these topics to the forefront. In this Review, we discuss the changing trends and the biopsychosocial aspects of the intersection between type 1 diabetes and obesity. We highlight the evidence supporting the therapeutic means (i.e., exercise therapy, nutritional therapy, adjunct pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery) and directions for establishing a more robust and safer evidence-based approach.
Pomalidomide will administered at a starting dose of 2.6 m2/day. Pomalidomide will be provided as either a capsule (0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg or 4 mg) or as an oral suspension (2 mg/mL).
The intervention program will take four weeks while in each week their will be two exercise sessions and a total of 8 sessions. Each session length is about 9 minutes. Each session will include a continuous exercise in which the patient will do walking, walking pace and running (3 minutes each section). During the meeting, participant will receive biofeedback that will displayed on a computer screen that shows the forces that develop in the knee joint so that the patient can see graphically the forces that develop around the knee joint and will be guided / try to reduce the values of the graph by changing the intensity of his landing on the tracks. In all training the time that the biofeedback is shown will be reduced.
BACKGROUND: Sex, in the sense of gender, is a major social demographic characteristic that has been shown to affect health care outcomes. The concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is an effective perioperative management measure that can reduce the perioperative stress response in patients. However, there are few studies on the differences between male and female patients under this type of care. We aimed to analyze sex differences in clinical characteristics among patients undergoing hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery with accelerated rehabilitation.
METHODS: We enrolled patients who underwent liver, biliary tract, and gallbladder operations in the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang Province, China, from April 2021 to July 2021. Key measures were collected for patients undergoing perioperative accelerated rehabilitation (i.e., the case group). The study group was assembled by performing 1:1 matching for age, sex, chronic disease, and type of surgery. Postoperative risk assessment, postoperative recovery indicators, and postoperative length of hospital stay (days) were compared between male and female patients.
RESULTS: A total of 226 surgical patients were enrolled, including 109 male (48.23%) and 117 female patients (51.77%). The outcomes, presented as the median (min, max), were as follows: pulmonary rehabilitation risk assessment in females (1(0,3)) and males (0(0,2)), postoperative nausea and vomiting in females (2(1,3)) and males (1(0,2)), and time to first defecation in females (31(4,61)) and males (36(10,78)). Significant differences were indicated by p values < 0.05.
CONCLUSION: We identified sex differences in the clinical prognosis and performance of perioperative patients undergoing hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery with accelerated rehabilitation. The perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation risk of male patients was higher than that of female patients, and the time to first defecation was longer in male than in female patients. The incidence of nausea and vomiting in women was higher than in men.
An oral urolithiasis agent (I) contains alizarin, esp. in amts. corresp. to a daily dose of 140-500 mg. (I) is esp. suitable for the therapy and prophylaxis of complaints caused by calcium oxalate stones. Alizarin inhibits stone formation and is well tolerated by the body, having no side effects except slight bronchospasms, which was considered negligible, in view of the difference between the doses given to the test animals and the doses recommended for humans. (I) promotes antiinflammatory processes in the treatment of urolithiasis. (I) pref. contains alizarin, magnesium oxide, disodium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, esp. in amts. of 5-14%, 10-26%, 22-32% and 37-53% respectively.
Topical application of the urea cream in concentration A. The product should be applied on the skin three times daily over 3 weeks.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject medicine comprising an endothelin receptor antagonist as an active ingredient, useful as an improver for symptoms deeply taking part in tension of corpus ciliare, especially as a therapeutic agent for false myopia and asthenopia due to the suppression of ciliary muscle. SOLUTION: This ciliary muscle tension relaxing agent comprises an endothelin receptor ]an endothelin receptor antagonist preferably Cyclo(D-Asp-L- Pro-D-Val-L-Leu-D-Trap, etc.( as an active ingredient. For example, an eye drop, tablet, capsule, granule, powder, injection, etc., may be cited as the dosage form of the objective medicine. In the case of an eye drop, it is adjusted preferably at pH4 to 8. The endothelin receptor antagonist in 0.1-2% (V/W) concentration is preferably administered once to several time daily. In the case of an oral medicine, a daily dose is 1-100mg once to several time dividedly.
Electrochemotherapy is a cancer treatment modality comprising of a combination of electrical pulses delivered by electrodes and chemotherapy supplied either intravenously or intratumorally. It is a quick and effective treatment for cutaneous metastases \< 3 cm with a complete response rate of 73 % after once-only treatment. The available electrode devices have so far only been applicable for cutaneous tumors. An electrode has now been developed in collaboration with a medico-technical company. An increasing number of cancer patients suffer from metastases to the brain due to e.g. better control of the systemic peripheral cancer disease. The prognosis for patients with brain metastases remains poor and research into new treatments are needed in this field.

Up to 18 patients will be treated in a dose-escalating study of electrochemotherapy for brain metastases. Primary endpoint of the clinical trial is safety and secondary endpoint is efficacy. One brain metastasis is treated once-only with the electrode device guided stereotactically through a burr hole using CT monitoring. The patient will be fully anesthetized during the treatment procedure. Patients are followed up for 6 months with regard to neurological function, Barthel Index, steroid use and adverse effects registration (CTCAE). Tumor response will be evaluated by Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI).

The first 6 patients will receive an intravenous dose of bleomycin 15.000 IE/m2 before electric pulses. The following patients will receive an additional intratumoral injection of bleomycin of increasing concentration. The electrical pulses will consist of a series of high voltage pulses of 0.1 millisecond duration.
BACKGROUND: Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAA) pose significant risks of morbidity and mortality. Considering the evolving techniques for TAAA intervention and the growing interest in quality of life (QoL) outcomes for decision-making, we aimed to evaluate the impact of patient and perioperative characteristics on short-term, medium-term, and long-term postoperative QoL in TAAA repair patients.
METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, EMBASE, Medline and Cochrane to identify primary research studies evaluating QoL post TAAA surgery, published in English or Swedish between January 01, 2012 and September 26, 2022. A narrative synthesis was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program and Joanna Briggs Institute checklists.
RESULTS: Eight studies of low or moderate quality with 455 patients were included. Preoperative QoL in TAAA patients was lower compared to the general population. While there is an initial short-term improvement in postoperative QoL, patients fail to reach baseline levels even after 7 years, with physical activity and functioning domains being particularly affected. Experiencing postoperative complications, including paraplegia and cardiovascular events, negatively impacts postoperative QoL. Patients with uncomplicated postoperative status had improved QoL. Prolonged hospital stay negatively affects physical functioning.
CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with TAAA are likely to have lower baseline QoL compared to the general population. Following TAAA repair, postoperative QoL may remain lower than baseline levels, persisting over the long-term. Comorbidities, postoperative complications, and hospitalization duration appear to exert adverse effects on postoperative QoL.
Downstaging rate with CRT using fluoropyrimidine monotherapy is usually 30-40%.In MRI-defined high-risk patients, downstaging rate with conventional fluoropyrimidine-based monotherapy with radiation has not been shown. We assume that the downstaging rate of chemoradiation arm (control arm) would be 30%, and that addition of CapOx after CRT (experimental arm) may increase downstaging rate 30% to 50%. A sample size of 52 patients per group is needed have 85% power to detect downstaging rate = 50% as compared to 30% with type I error rate of 15%. We will perform one interim futility analysis when half of the patients are recruited and evaluated for the primary endpoint. O'Brien-Fleming boundary will be considered. Therefore, when 26 patients per arm are evaluated, the interim futility analysis will be performed, and when the Z score at the interim is less than -0.09192 (one-sided p-value greater than 0.5366192), the study will be stopped for futility. Considering 5% follow-up loss, a sample size of 55 per arm (a total of 110 patients) will be studied.
Physical Education (PE) teachers hold a pivotal role in guiding students through their learning process. Drawing on Self-Determination Theory (SDT), teachers' (de)motivating style, referred to as "the interpersonal sentiment and behaviour that teachers rely on during instruction to motivate students to engage in and benefit from learning activities", is a crucial element in the teaching process. Recent research suggests that PE teachers employ a diverse array of teaching behaviours in their educational practice. Autonomy, competence, and relatedness-supportive teaching behaviours (i.e., need-supportive teaching behaviours) have been positively related to students' autonomous motivation and adaptive outcomes in PE, while the opposite is true for autonomy, competence, and relatedness-thwarting behaviours (i.e. need-thwarting behaviours). Consequently, continuous development teaching (CDT) programs, based on SDT, has increased in the last years. These SDT-training programs, mainly focused on autonomy-supportive strategies, revealed positive effects on students' perceptions of (de)motivating teaching behaviours and motivational outcomes. Over the past decade, SDT-training programs have also demonstrated positive effects on teachers' self-perceptions of certain antecedents, support for autonomy and structure, and various motivational and (mal)adaptive outcomes \[6\]. However, additional research is required, as most studies have not focused on reducing need-thwarting behaviours.

Recently, grounded in SDT, the circumplex model offers a detailed view of the different (de)motivating teaching styles (i.e., autonomy support, structure, control, and chaos) that teachers can adopt in their classes. This circumplex model delineates eight teaching approaches across these four teaching styles. To develop the most effective interventions, it is crucial for researchers to understand the effectiveness of motivational training programs, not only in terms of the four (de)motivating teaching styles but also across the eight specific teaching approaches. Yet, no existing motivational training programs have incorporated this new circumplex approach. This mixed-method study sets out to expand existing knowledge by describing a protocol for a motivational training program based on the circumplex model, aimed at enhancing (de)motivating teaching styles, as well as (mal)adaptive outcomes among PE teachers and their students.
Sarcopenia, a condition caused by an imbalance between muscle growth and loss, can severely affect the quality of life of elderly patients with metabolic, inflammatory, and cancer diseases. Vigeo, a nuruk-fermented extract of three plants (Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim (ESM), Achyranthes japonica (Miq.) Nakai (AJN), and Atractylodes japonica Koidzumi (AJK)) has been reported to have anti-osteoporotic effects. However, evidence of the effects of Vigeo on muscle atrophy is not available. Here, in the in vivo model of dexamethasone (Dex)-induced muscle atrophy, Vigeo treatment significantly reversed Dex-induced decreases in calf muscle volume, gastrocnemius (GA) muscle weight, and histological cross-section area. In addition, in mRNA and protein analyses isolated from GA muscle, we observed that Vigeo significantly protected against Dex-induced mouse muscle atrophy by inhibiting protein degradation regulated by atrogin and MuRF-1. Moreover, we demonstrated that Vigeo significantly promoted C2C12 cell line differentiation, as evidenced by the increased width and length of myotubes, and the increased number of fused myotubes with three or more nuclei. Vigeo alleviated the formation of myotubes compared to the control group. Vigeo also significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of myosin heavy chain (MyHC), MyoD, and myogenin compared to that in the control. Vigeo treatment significantly reduced the mRNA and protein expression of muscle degradation markers atrogin-1 and muscle RING Finger 1 (MuRF-1) in the C2C12 cell line in vitro. Vigeo also activated the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/silent information regulator 1 (Sirt-1)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ co-activator-1α (PGC1α) mitochondrial biogenesis pathway and the Akt/mTOR protein synthesis signaling pathway in Dex-induced myotube atrophy. These findings suggest that Vigeo may have protective effects against Dex-induced muscle atrophy. Therefore, we propose Vigeo as a supplement or potential therapeutic agent to prevent or treat sarcopenia accompanied by muscle atrophy and degeneration.
A 60-year-old man with hypertension and dyslipidemia complained of chest pain upon ascending from a maximum depth of 27 meters while diving. After reaching the shore, his chest pain persisted, and he called an ambulance. When a physician checked him on the doctor's helicopter, his electrocardiogram (ECG) was normal, and there were no bubbles in his inferior vena cava or heart on a portable ultrasound examination. The physician still suspected that he had acute coronary syndrome instead of decompression illness; therefore, he was transported to our hospital. After arrival at the hospital, standard cardiac echography showed a flap in the ascending aorta. Immediate enhanced computed tomography revealed Stanford type A aortic dissection. The patient obtained a survival outcome after emergency surgery. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of aortic dissection potentially associated with scuba diving. It highlights the importance of considering aortic dissection in patients with sudden-onset chest pain during physical activity. In addition, this serves as a reminder that symptoms during scuba diving are not always related to decompression. This report also suggests the usefulness of on-site ultrasound for the differential diagnosis of decompression sickness from endogenous diseases that induce chest pain. Further clinical studies of this management approach are warranted.
Eligible and consenting participants randomized to the control arm will receive standard of care HIV clinical services according to Tanzania's National Guidelines for the Management of HIV. For those who meet clinic eligibility criteria for enhanced adherence counseling, this includes the standard provision of three, once-monthly, 60-minute nurse-led individual, enhanced adherence counseling sessions, starting on the day of a detectable viral load result and for two months after. Counseling focuses on the meaning of viral loads and supportive, non-judgmental strategies for adherence and visit attendance. A minimum of three sessions are required.