anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Lymphedema can be defined as the abnormal accumulation of protein-rich interstitial fluid that occurs primarily as a consequence of malformation, dysplasia, or acquired disruption of lymphatic circulation. Lymph stasis, which results in peripheral lymphedema, is characterized by edema and adipose tissue proliferation. As a vicious cycle of lymphedema progression, lymph stasis stimulates chronic inflammation because of uncontrolled responses of macrophages and CD4+ (cluster of differentiation 4) cells; fat accumulation also causes chronic inflammation by infiltration and activation of macrophages that produce inflammatory cytokines, which further promote lymph stasis directly or indirectly by decreasing lymphatic pumping and increasing capillary filtration. Lymphedema secondary to breast cancer is caused by the disruption of the lymphatic system, which in the initial stages leads to the accumulation of fluid in the interstitial tissue space and eventually is clinically presented as swelling of the arm, shoulder, neck, or torso. Complex decongestive physical therapy is a widely used nonoperative treatment of breast cancer-related lymphedema. The extremity volume has been one of the major parameters representing the treatment results of complex decongestive physical therapy. However, the increase in extremity volume in lymphedema can be caused both by tissue fluid accumulation and by pathologic tissue proliferation, which cannot be assessed separately at present. Accordingly, the volume or circumference measurement alone may not clarify how these phenomena are modified by complex decongestive physical therapy. Suehiro et al. developed subcutaneous echogenicity grade (SEG) and subcutaneous echo-free space (SEFS) grade via B-mode ultrasonography, allowing semiquantitation of nonspecific subcutaneous tissue inflammation and fluid accumulation. Increase in SEG is attributed to increased cell density and increased collagen content in the tissue and it is considered to indicate the presence of ongoing or previous inflammation in the area. SEFS represents the fluid accumulated in the spaces between superficial fasciae, which is freely mobile in the spaces. Recently, Suehiro et al. have investigated the impact of aggressive decongestion in limbs with lymphedema without SEFS in subcutaneous tissue ultrasonography. According to their results, the impact of aggressive decongestion seemed limited in patients with lymphedema without SEFS. But it was a retrospective study which may be a limitation to draw a firm conclusion. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate tissue changes via ultrasound after complex decongestive therapy.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is associated with high in-hospital and long-term mortality and morbidity that results in significant socio-economic impact. Due to the high costs associated with CS care, it is important to define the short- and long-term burden of this disease state on resources and review strategies to mitigate these.
RECENT FINDINGS: In recent times, the focus on CS continues to be on improving short-term outcomes, but there has been increasing emphasis on the long-term morbidity. In this review we discuss the long-term outcomes of CS and the role of hospital-level and system-level disparities in perpetuating this. We discuss mitigation strategies including developing evidence-based protocols and systems of care, improvement in risk stratification and evaluation of futility of care, all of which address the economic burden of CS. CS continues to remain the pre-eminent challenge in acute cardiovascular care, and a combination of multi-pronged strategies are needed to improve outcomes in this population.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention describes pharmaceutical composition comprising as acting substances (I) metformin being optionally as form of its one pharmaceutically acceptable salts and (II) fibrate taken among fenofibrate and bezafibrate in combination with one or some pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. These compositions are useful mainly for treatment of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The combination of metformin and fibrate taken among fenofibrate and bezafibrate elicits the synergistic effect. EFFECT: valuable medicinal properties of composition. 11 cl, 1 tbl
The 300-500 patients to be enrolled for the study are diabetic patients normally seen by the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services (LACDHS) Teleretinal Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Program and Reading Center. In addition to receiving their recommended LACDHS annual teleretinal screening, for the study, participants will receive an additional in-person eye examination.
PURPOSE: Retrieval practice has been shown to assist the word learning of children with developmental language disorder (DLD). Although this has been true for learning new verbs as well as new nouns and adjectives, these children's overall verb learning has remained quite low. In this preregistered study, we presented novel verbs in transitive sentences with varying subjects/agents and objects/patients to determine if recall could be improved and if retrieval practice continued to be facilitative.
METHOD: Fourteen children with DLD aged 4-5 years and 13 same-age peers with typical language development (TD) learned eight novel verbs over two sessions. Half of the novel verbs were presented with spacing between study and retrieval trials, and half were presented with the same frequency in study trials without the opportunity for retrieval. All novel verbs were presented in sentences such as, "The woman is deeking the shoe." Children's ability to recall and use the novel verbs in the same sentence structure was tested after the second session and 1 week later. The children were also required to use the novel verbs in bare-stem form in a new structure, as in, "That woman likes to deek the towel."
RESULTS: Both groups of children showed increased recall relative to a previous novel verb study. The children with TD showed the expected advantages of spaced retrieval over repeated study and could use the novel verbs in the new morphological form and sentence structure. The children with DLD, however, showed an advantage for spaced retrieval only shortly after the learning period. These children had great difficulty changing the novel verbs to a bare stem and using them in a new structure.
CONCLUSION: Although spaced retrieval assists children's novel verb recall, children with DLD in particular require additional help using these verbs with morphological and syntactic flexibility.
Visit 1, After predosed spirometry is done, the patients will be received 4 puffs of salbutamol. 30 minutes later, if they meet the criteria of fixed airway obstruction based on ATS criteria, then they will continue to undergo serial spirometry at 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours. Then, the patients requested to be administered 4 puffs of ipratropium and do spirometry at 4.5 and 5 hours.
For the first 4 weeks of the study, subjects will receive Rivastigmine patch 4.6mg/24 hours. Thereafter, subjects will receive Rivastigmine patch 9.5mg/24 hours.
The diet programme will be characterized by carbohydrates (60 %); proteins (20 %, half comprised of vegetable proteins); total fat (20 %; saturated fat \< 10 %). After calculating the patient's energy need, the amount of calories will be successively adjusted to create an 800 kcal deficit per day.
TRH is intended for intravenous administration with the patient in the supine position. The drug is administered as a bolus over a period of 15 to 30 seconds, with the patient remaining supine until all scheduled post injection blood samples have been taken. Blood pressure should be measured before TRH is administered and at frequent intervals during the first 15 minutes thereafter (see WARNINGS). Have the patient urinate before injecting TRH.

Adults: 500 μg. Doses between 200 and 500 μg have been used. 500 μg is considered the optimum dose to give the maximum response in the greatest number of patients. Doses greater than 500 μg are unlikely to elicit a greater TSH response.

Children age 6 to 16 years: 7 μg/kg body weight up to a dose of 500 μg.

Infants and children up to 6 years: Experience is limited in this age group; doses of 7μg/kg have been administered.

One blood sample for TSH assay should be drawn immediately prior to the injection of TRH, and a second sample should be obtained 30 minutes after injection.

The TSH response to TRH is reduced by repetitive administration of the drug. Accordingly, if the TRH test is repeated, an interval of seven days before testing is recommended.

Elevated serum lipids may interfere with the TSH assay. Thus, fasting (except in patients with hypopituitarism) or a low-fat meal is recommended prior to the test.
This invention describes the coprecipitation of nanoparticulate pharmaceutical agent dispersion via a process that comprises the dissolution of the said pharmaceutical agent in combination with a crystal growth modifier (CGM) in an alkaline solution and then neutralizing the said solution with an acid in the presence of suitable surface-modifying surface-active agent or agents to form a fine particle dispersion of the said pharmaceutical agent, followed by steps of diafiltration clean-up of the dispersion and then concentration of it to a desired level. This process of dispersion preparation leads to microcrystalline particles of Z-average diameters smaller than 400 nm as measured by photon correlation spectroscopy. Various modification of precipitation schemes are described, many of which are suitable for large-scale manufacture of these agent dispersions. It has been discovered that coprecipitation with CGM leads to smaller particle size compared to a case where precipitation is carried out using the pharmaceutical agent alone. Thus, this dispersion of instant invention is expected to have greater bioavailability. The CGM compound is a compound that has at least about 75% of its chemical structure identical to that of the pharmaceutical agent.
PURPOSE: To obtain a non-tacky hair-dressing agent composition containing a specific resin and a specific humectant, and capable of preventing the dryness of hair and giving a wet touch to the hair. CONSTITUTION: This air-dressing agent composition contains components A and B. A: 0.01-20wt.% of the reaction product of a polybasic carboxylic acid, its anhydride or its lower alkyl ester or a diisocyanate with a polyalkylene oxide compound produced by addition-polymerizing an alkylene oxide including ethylene oxide to an organic compound having two active hydrogen atoms. B: 0.01-10wt.% of one or more kinds of humectants selected from a polyhydric alcohol, a polyglycerol, a betaine and a saccharide. The addition of the component A enables to melt the hair-dressing agent composition on the air-blowing to the hair and uniformly coat the composition on the hair, and the component B also enables to spread the composition B to the whole parts of the hair, improve the moisture-holding effect and reduce the damage to the hair.  The component A can further reduce the damage to the hair due to excessive heat at a stage for plasticizing the hair with the heat, and can simultaneously reduce the diffusion of the component B to hold the good touch for a long period.
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy X-ALD is an X-linked episode of a group of diseases characterized by progressive central nervous system demyelination and adrenal insufficiency. About 1/20000 male children. Most cases of X-ALD are treated for neurological symptoms for the first time, most of them start from 3-10 years old. Early manifestations include slow mental function, decreased academic performance, lack of interest or hyperactivity, difficulty in speech, difficulty in articulation, etc. Visual impairment and progressive hemiplegia are more common symptoms.
Exergaming - exercise with the use of an interactive computer-generated environment - is increasingly used in physical rehabilitation. Benefits have been reported in a range of clinical populations (people with neurological problems children with cerebral palsy and learning difficulties, Parkinson' disease, multiple sclerosis and older people. Balance training is an important focus of such rehabilitation. Previous literature regarding the effects of exergaming as a method of balance-training has mainly been conducted using the Nintendo Wii™ and the Wii™ fit where people must stand on a balance board to play the games. Although literature has shown that traditional balance training alone is effective in improving balance in a range of populations, studies comparing exergaming with "traditional" balance exercises (SEBT, trampolines and wobble boards) have shown mixed results from both exergaming and traditional balance training groups improving in postural control outcomes to greater improvement in the exergaming group over traditional balance exercise. A potential reason for the differentiation if results could be due to different movements required in the "traditional" balance exercises rather than there being something inherently different about exercising in a virtual environment. There is also a dearth of randomized controlled trials (RCT) in this area so the evidence base is limited. Furthermore, few have studied the important psychological aspect of exergaming, in particular acceptance and flow experience. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of exergaming using the XBOX Kinect™ system, versus, traditional gym-based exercise, with no virtual stimuli (TGB) on: (1) postural control, (2) technology acceptance (3) flow experience and (4) exercise intensity in young healthy adults. Matching of intensity of exercise, in the two groups, was assessed objectively, by Heart Rate and subjectively by Borg RPE during all exercise sessions. To our knowledge this is the first paper to compare the effects of exergaming against matched traditional exercises where the movement patterns, intensity and physiological demand was matched and assessed across groups.
Eighty-four Chinese patients who are diagnosed as depressive disorders with age between 18 and 64 years old, fulfilling the inclusion criteria (stated at the attached study proposal) will be recruited for a 12-week physical rehabilitation program with forty-two patients for the intervention group (n=42) and equal sample size for the control group (patient put on the waiting list for the Physical Rehabilitation Program). All patients will be allocated to either the intervention group or control group by computer generated block randomization with block size of 6 persons using StatsDirect Software, version 2.7.8. The subjects of the control group will be asked to maintain their usual activities while awaiting for the physical rehabilitation program at the 12-week waiting time. They will be allowed to receive any other usual medical services including social services and psychotherapy but not physiotherapy services. At the end of the 3rd month, the control group will be recruited into the Physical Rehabilitation Program. Patients in the control group will then join in as the intervention group and follow the intervention and assessment protocol. All the patients will be instructed not to disclose their grouping to the assessor. Sub-group analysis will be conducted for further in-depth analysis of the subjects in the intervention group having clinical manifestations of pain interference as triage by the 7 items in Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) - short form - Chinese version. Outcome measures on the physical and mental domains will be conducted: at baseline (T1-before commencement of program), end of the 3rd month (T2-end of program for intervention group; end of the waiting time of control group), 12 months (T3-one year long term follow-up for the intervention group). Validity and reliability of all the adopted outcome measures were reported in medical literatures. There is no reported harmful effect on all interventions and there is no pain or discomfort for all of the testing procedures. Physical outcome measures include body composition (body mass index, percentage of body fat); flexibility (sit and reach flexibility); muscular endurance (1-minute sit-up count); muscle strength (hand grip strength, isometric quadriceps strength); cardiovascular endurance (maximal oxygen consumption) and physical functioning (Brief Pain Inventory- Chinese version). Mental outcome measures include depression, anxiety \& stress (Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21) - Chinese version); depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale- Chinese version) and self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale- Chinese version). The findings will serve as pilot program for rolling out of the services for Chinese patients with depressive disorders to other clusters / hospital and reference base for future territory-wide profile study on this clientele and randomized controlled trials.
The research was planned as a randomized controlled experimental study to standardize foot care behaviors with a care package approach consisting of evidence-based practices for patients with diabetic ulcers who applied to Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital diabetic wound outpatient clinic in Istanbul, to ensure healing of existing wounds, to prevent new diabetic foot ulcers, and to evaluate the effect on foot care behaviors. The average number of patients with diabetic foot ulcers 1-2 and 3 according to the Wagner classification is 300 people. According to the Power analysis (G\*Power 3.1.9.7), it was aimed to reach at least 95 people in total with an effect size of 0.458, 5% margin of error and 95% power.Data were collected by the researcher through face-to-face interviews with the patient. "Patient Identification Form", "Nottingham Functional Foot Care Diagnosis Form (NAFF)", "Diabetic Foot Evaluation and Follow-up Form" were used. The patient identification form consists of 17 questions as a result of literature review. The Nottingham Assessment of Functional Footcare (NAFF) was developed by Lincon et al. in 2007 and focuses on foot care behaviors. "Diabetic foot assessment and follow-up form" was created by the researcher and the depth, length and width of the wound were measured to observe whether new wounds were formed and the healing status of the wound. Spearman Correlation Test was used to analyze the measured data with each other. P-values below 0.05 were considered as statistically significant results.
A liquid composition that includes at least one steviol glycoside dissolved in glycerol, and a method for preparation thereof. The steviol glycoside is extracted from Stevia rebaudiana plant leaves. The steviol glycoside may include rebaudioside A, rebaudioside B, rebaudioside C, rebaudioside D, rebaudioside E, rebaudioside F, dulcoside A, steviol, stevioside, and/or steviolbioside. The relative concentration by weight of the rebaudioside A may be at least approximately 95%. The relative concentration by weight of the glycerol may be at least 30%. The liquid composition may further include additional ingredients, such as vitamins, minerals, extracts, preservatives, and/or other food additives. A dropper may be used for extracting individual drops of the liquid composition, such as into a beverage. The liquid composition may be used as a food additive, a sweetener, and/or a dietary supplement. A similar granulate and a poweder that includes at least one steviol glycoside granulated with glycerol, and a method for preparation thereof is also disclosed.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in men are uncommon yet carry an increased risk for severe pyelonephritis and other complications. In models of Escherichia coli UTI, C3H/HeN mice develop high-titer pyelonephritis (most with renal abscesses) in a testosterone-dependent manner, but the mechanisms underlying this phenotype are unknown. Here, using female mouse models, we show that androgen exposure impairs neutrophil maturation in the upper and lower urinary tract, compounded by a reduction of neutrophil function within the infected kidney, enabling persistent high-titer infection and promoting abscess formation. Following intravesical inoculation with uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), kidneys of androgen-exposed C3H mice showed delayed local pro-inflammatory cytokine responses while robustly recruiting neutrophils. These were enriched for an end-organ-specific population of aged but immature neutrophils (CD49d+, CD101-). Compared to their mature counterparts, these aged immature kidney neutrophils exhibited reduced function in vitro, including impaired degranulation and diminished phagocytic activity, while splenic, bone marrow, and bladder neutrophils did not display these alterations. Furthermore, aged immature neutrophils manifested little phagocytic activity within intratubular UPEC communities in vivo. Experiments with B6 conditional androgen receptor (AR)-deficient mice indicated rescue of the maturation defect when AR was deleted in myeloid cells. We conclude that the recognized enhancement of UTI severity by androgens is attributable, at least in part, to local impairment of neutrophil maturation in the urinary tract (largely via cell-intrinsic AR signaling) and a kidney-specific reduction in neutrophil antimicrobial capacity.IMPORTANCEAlthough urinary tract infections (UTIs) predominantly occur in women, male UTIs carry an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Pyelonephritis in androgen-exposed mice features robust neutrophil recruitment and abscess formation, while bacterial load remains consistently high. Here, we demonstrate that during UTI, neutrophils infiltrating the urinary tract of androgen-exposed mice exhibit reduced maturation, and those that have infiltrated the kidney have reduced phagocytic and degranulation functions, limiting their ability to effectively control infection. This work helps to elucidate mechanisms by which androgens enhance UTI susceptibility and severity, illuminating why male patients may be predisposed to severe outcomes of pyelonephritis.
The first Part: Patients in IPGDP regimen chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy arm receive 3 cycles of IPGDP (ifosfamide 1.2g/m2 iv on days 3-5; pegaspargase 2000U/m2 im on day 1; gemcitabine 800mg/m2 iv on days 3,8; cisplatin 25 mg/m2 iv on days 3-5; dexamethasone 20mg/m2 iv on days 3-6) chemotherapy. Then patients undergo radiotherapy. If the disease is considered to progress or as stable during chemotherapy, the patient will directly receive radiotherapy. Patients in another arm receive radiotherapy followed by IPGDP regimen chemotherapy. IPGDP regimen for both arms are 3 cycles, which is repeated every 3 weeks.

The second Part: Patients receive 6 cycles of ifosfamide 1.2g/m2 iv on days 3-5; pegaspargase 2000U/m2 im on day 1; gemcitabine 800mg/m2 iv on days 3,8; cisplatin 25 mg/m2 iv on days 3-5; dexamethasone 20mg/m2 iv on days 3-6. IPGDP regimen is repeated every 3 weeks. If the disease is considered to progress or as stable after 2 cycles or 4 cycles of chemotherapy, the patient will withdraw from this study.