anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject new compound having excellent antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi, therefore useful as an active ingredient of agricultural/horticultural fungicides and agrochemicals, from culture solutions of microorganisms belonging to the genus Flagelloscypha. SOLUTION: This new compound is a compound F-15507 of the formula, being obtained by the following process: using microorganisms belonging to the genus Flagelloscypha, e.g. Flagelloscypha sp. SANK 15498 strain (FERM BP-6593), a medium containing the above microorganisms together with such a carbon source, nitrogen source and inorganic salt as to be assimilative for the microorganisms is heated pref. at 121 deg.C to effect sterilization, the medium thus sterilized is cooled and then inoculated with a seed grown in advance followed by carrying out a culture pref. for 288-360 h under aerating agitation at 23 deg.C, the resulting solid matter including the microbial cells is separated by filtration using diatomaceous earth or the like as a filtering auxiliary or by centrifugal separation or the like, and subjected to extraction and purification.
Tea polyphenols have a regulatory effect on metabolic-related diseases, however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Our study aims to explore the dietary intervention effect of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenol in green tea, on obesity and intestinal barrier disorders in mice fed a high-fat diet. By supplementing with 50 mg kg-1 EGCG, we observed a significant amelioration in body weight gain, fat accumulation, and liver dysfunction. Furthermore, EGCG modulated the HFD-induced metabolomic alterations. In particular, EGCG intervention restored the ileal barrier by enhancing the expression of tight junction proteins and antimicrobial peptides. At the mechanistic level, EGCG treatment stabilized hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) both in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, EGCG significantly increased the abundance of Dubosiella and Akkermansia, along with the elevated SCFA contents. These findings suggest that the ability of EGCG to stabilize HIF1α and regulate specific gut microbes is pivotal in mitigating ileal barrier dysfunction and obesity. Moreover, serum metabolomics revealed potential biomarkers following EGCG intervention. This study supports the intake of EGCG or green tea in obesity management and offers a novel perspective for investigating the metabolic regulatory mechanism of other dietary polyphenols.
Background and Objectives: In patients with urolithiasis-related obstructive pyelonephritis (UROP), sepsis represents a critical and concerning complication that can substantially increase the mortality rate. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for sepsis in UROP patients and to develop a predictive nomogram model. Materials and Methods: We analyzed data from 148 patients who met the UROP criteria and were admitted to Chang Gung Memorial Hospital between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2021. The primary outcome evaluated was the incidence of sepsis, as defined by the most recent Sepsis-3 guidelines. To identify potential risk factors for sepsis, we employed the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression technique. Subsequently, we utilized multivariable logistic regression to construct the predictive model. Results: There was a total of 102 non-sepsis cases and 46 sepsis cases. Risk factors for sepsis in multivariable analysis were a history of diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR = 4.24, p = 0.007), shock index (SI) (×10-1) (OR = 1.55, p < 0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP) (mg/dL) (OR = 1.08, p = 0.005), and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (×10) (OR = 1.58, p = 0.007). The nomogram exhibited an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.890 (95% CI 0.830-0.949). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that patients with UROP who have DM, higher SI, higher NLR, and elevated CRP levels are significantly more likely to develop sepsis. These insights may aid in risk stratification, and it is imperative that clinicians promptly initiate treatment for those identified as high risk.
PURPOSE:To predict the concentration of a gradually releasable tablet in blood plasma inside a living body without being affected by the release control mechanism of the gradually releasable tablet by a method wherein the tablet is eluted for a prescribed time, it is taken out once, it is treated with oils and fats and it is stirred and eluted together with a bead or it is put into a sinker, stirred and eluted. CONSTITUTION:A tablet is eluted for a prescribed time at 15 to 50 revolutions per minute by using a paddle method. The tablet is taken out once and treated with oils and fats; it is stirred and eluted at 15 to 50 revolutions per minute together with beads, or it is put into a sinker, stirred and eluted at 100 to 200 revolutions per minute. The elution amount of a medicine at intervals of a prescribed time is measured, and the elution inside a living body is presumed. A test solution is not limited as long as it is a liquid which has been adjusted to the pH value of a part presuming the behavior of the elution inside the living body of a tablet under test. The tablet which is applied is gradually releasable tablet. It is not limited especially as long as it is a tablet required to presume the behavior of a release inside the living body. It may be provided with any release control mechanism. Consequently, a hydrogel preparation or a matrix preparation may be used.
Penicillin is obtained from aqueous media or culture media containing penicillin in a relatively crude state by adding thereto a watersoluble neutral inorganic salt, e.g. a water-soluble neutral ammonium salt such as ammonium sulphate, adjusting the pH of the mixture to within the range of 4.3 and 4.85, e.g. with a mineral acid such as phosphoric or sulphuric acid, and extracting at room temperature with a liquid ester of an organic carboxylic acid which is incompletely soluble in the mixture, the amount of said salt being sufficient to substantially reduce the distribution ratio of the penicillin between the water and the ester of the organic carboxylic acid.  In an example, ammonium sulphate and amyl acetate are added to a filtered broth containing penicillin, the pH adjusted with phosphoric acid and the penicillin is extracted from the amyl acetate layer.  Other suitable esters for the process of the invention are ethyl-, propyl-, isopropyl-, butyl-, isoamyl and isobutyl acetate, ethyl-, propyl-, amyl-, isoamyl- and butyl propionate and ethyl oxalate. Any water-soluble neutral inorganic salt may be used to replace in whole or in part the ammonium sulphate in the above example, e.g. sodium sulphate, sodium chloride, magnesium sulphate, ammonium p  chloride or calcium chloride may be used.
The invention discloses a non-coding small RNA molecule (small non-coding RNA, sRNA) derived from Brucella. The non-coding small RNA molecule is named ncRNA1351. The nucleotide sequence of the non-coding small RNA molecule is shown in SEQ ID NO:1 in a sequence table. It is proved through a Northern blot experiment that ncRNA1351 exists in Brucella. Functions of ncRNA1351 are analyzed by people by constructing a Brucella deletion mutation strain and reply strain of Brucella. It is proved trough an experimental result that after ncRNA1351 is deleted, the survivability of Brucella under the pressure condition of a simulated macrophage internal environment is obviously weakened, the survivability of Brucella in a mouse is reduced, and it is indicated that ncRNA1351 is relevant to the toxicity of Brucella. Thus, anti-Brucella drugs can be prepared with ncRNA1351 as a target. The non-coding small RNA molecule plays an important role in prevention and treatment of brucellosis, and application prospects are wide.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is caused by the inhalation of noxious particles such as cigarette smoke. The pathophysiological features include airway inflammation, alveolar destruction, and poorly reversible airflow obstruction. A subgroup of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has higher blood eosinophil counts, associated with an increased response to inhaled corticosteroids and increased biomarkers of pulmonary type 2 inflammation. Emerging evidence shows that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with increased pulmonary eosinophil counts have an altered airway microbiome. Higher blood eosinophil counts are also associated with increased lung function decline, implicating type 2 inflammation in progressive pathophysiology in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We provide a narrative review of the role of eosinophils and type 2 inflammation in the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, encompassing the lung microbiome, pharmacological targeting of type 2 pathways in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and the clinical use of blood eosinophil count as a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease biomarker.
Prepn. of organ extracts with improved biochemical activity from cell lines of the corresp. organs of animals or parts of plants, comprises:  (a) activation of the selected animal or plant cells in a water bath at esp. 25-30  deg C;  (b) addn. of a pre-heated culture medium which is specific for the selected cells, with mixing, and subsequent incubation in conventional fashion, esp. at 37  deg C and in an atmosphere contg. 5% CO2;  (c) recovery of the resultant cells as a starting material for large scale culture on surfaces or in suspension, by decantation of the nutrient medium, washing the resulting cells with a buffer, and uptake of the cells in a completed medium with a dilution suitable for mass prodn.;  (d) cultivation of the cells on surfaces (esp. in a perfusion system), on solid media and/or using a plastic film culture method (for animal cells), or in suspension culture (for plant cells) on a large scale, in conventional fashion, by inoculation of the culture appts. with a cell suspension in a sterile CO2/air mixt.;  (e) prodn. of an extract by treatment of the suspended cell material in an organic solvent and/or water, recovery of the aq. phase (esp. by centrifugation), and removal of the residual lipid component from the aq. phase by multiple treatment with the organic solvent, giving a crude aq. extract, opt. in the form of a suspension;  (f) purificn. or treatment of the crude extract and subsequent dialysis, esp. using a Visking C 150 membrane, against an aq. soln. (which contains nipagine or another preservative), to recover an extract, which is free of high mol. wt. cpds., as a dialysate, and  (g) sterile filtration of the extract, esp. using a 0.2  mu m (Millipore (RTM)) filter or a PALL-plug, after setting the extract to the desired pH value, esp. 5.0-7.2.
Complementary and alternative medicines are widely used in the HIV-infected population. Recent data have shown serious drug interactions between certain complementary medicines and protease inhibitors. Silymarin (Milk thistle) is a commonly used dietary supplement in HIV-infected patients for treatment of hepatitis or as a hepato-protectant. Data are available suggesting that it may alter cytochrome P4503A4-mediated drug metabolism. To evaluate the effect of milk thistle on the protease inhibitor, indinavir (IDV), ten healthy subjects will receive IDV (Crixivan) alone and in combination with an over-the-counter silymarin preparation. IDV will initially be administered alone at a dose of 800 mg Q8H for four doses and serial samples will be collected for determination of IDV pharmacokinetics after the morning dose on day 2. Subjects will then initiate therapy will milk thistle using a standardized formulation and dose for three weeks after which subjects will then again take 4 doses of IDV and have serial samples collected for IDV plasma concentrations. There will then be an 11-day washout period with no drugs, after which IDV will again be given for 4 doses and samples will be collected evaluate the offset of the effects of milk thistle. To examine the effect of milk thistle on other CYP450 pathways, subjects will receive a single dose of caffeine and dextromethorphan and have urine collected before and after milk thistle, and after the washout period. Indinavir, caffeine, and dextromethorphan concentrations in plasma or urine will be determined using validated HPLC methods. Steady-state noncompartmental parameters of indinavir in the presence and absence of milk thistle will be determined. Pharmacokinetic parameters will be compared using ANOVA that will include factors for a period effect and a treatment effect. Statistical analyses will include calculation of the mean ratio of the AUC in the treatment phases compared to IDV alone and determination of 95% confidence intervals. This study will help define the drug interaction potential of complementary and alternative therapies in HIV-infected patients.
The invention relates to a nimodipine film agent for oral cavities and a preparation method of the nimodipine film agent. The nimodipine film agent comprises nimodipine, a sweetening agent, a filling agent, a plasticizer and a film formation material. The nimodipine film agent for the oral cavities can be taken without needing drinking water and can be immediately dissolved when entering a mouth, so that the risk of blocking esophagus is avoided. The nimodipine film agent is suitable for being taken by children, the aged and dysphagia patients. A part of medicine is directly absorbed into blood through oral mucosal. The nimodipine film agent for the oral cavities has the advantages of rapid drug release, first-pass effect avoidance, high bioavailability, convenience in use and the like.
The present invention provides an external preparation for skin which contains, as a major ingredient, oleaginous substances extracted from sporoderm-broken spores from  Ganoderma lucidum . The spores are preferably being treated with germination activation. The oleaginous substances are preferred to be extracted by a supercritical fluid-carbon dioxide (SCF-CO 2 ) method. The oleaginous substances prepared by SCF-CO 2  is transparent and odorless. They also demonstrates effects on skin smoothening, wrinkles reduction, aging defiance, inflammation lessening, pigmentation lightening, and irritation alleviation. The external preparation can be a cosmetic or a therapeutic composition.
Patients should file away (with emery board) loose nail material and trim nails, as required, or as directed by the health care professional, every seven days after Ciclopirox Topical Solution, 8% (Nail Lacquer) is removed with alcohol. Ciclopirox Topical Solution, 8% (Nail Lacquer) should be applied once daily (preferably at bedtime or eight hours before washing) to all affected nails with the applicator brush provided. Ciclopirox Topical Solution, 8% (Nail Lacquer) should be applied evenly over the entire nail plate.

If possible, Ciclopirox Topical Solution, 8% (Nail Lacquer) should be applied to the nail bed, hyponychium, and the under surface of the nail plate when it is free of the nail bed (e.g., onycholysis).

Ciclopirox Topical Solution, 8% (Nail Lacquer) should not be removed on a daily basis. Daily applications should be made over the previous coat and removed with alcohol every seven days. This cycle should be repeated throughout the duration of therapy.
PURPOSE: Capsular contracture is a rare but serious complication of silicone implant-based augmentation rhinoplasty. When severe, the contracture can affect all layers of the nose, causing significant scarring and disfigurement. There is currently no standardized method of evaluating contracted noses and a paucity of literature on the treatment of severe contracture. Therefore, this study aimed to establish a comprehensive grading system and treatment approach for patients with nasal contracture secondary to silicone implant-based rhinoplasty.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis on patients who presented with nasal contracture from 2012 to 2021. All preoperative photographs were evaluated by two plastic surgeons, twice at 1-month intervals. The proposed grading system comprised: normal (grade I), mild contracture with detectable implant (grade II), moderate contracture with skin thinning (grade III), severe contracture with short nose deformity (grade IV), and destructive contracture with scarring of the dorsal skin (grade Va), or columella deficiency (grade Vb). Inter- and intraobserver agreement was assessed using the kappa value to determine the reliability of the system.
RESULTS: Based on 87 patients, interobserver agreement was substantial for both evaluation time points (k = 0.701 and 0.723). Intraobserver agreement was excellent for evaluator 1 (k = 0.822) and substantial for evaluator 2 (k = 0.699).
CONCLUSIONS: Using this grading system, we propose a graduated treatment algorithm for contracted noses. Most notable is our use of radial forearm free or forehead flaps to reconstruct the columella in grade Vb patients. By combining reconstructive and aesthetic principles, this treatment approach provides an effective and elegant solution for the management of the severely contracted nose.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
IMPORTANCE: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) consists of a group of pulmonary disorders characterized by inflammation and/or fibrosis of the lung parenchyma associated with progressive dyspnea that frequently results in end-stage respiratory failure. In the US, ILD affects approximately 650 000 people and causes approximately 25 000 to 30 000 deaths per year.
OBSERVATIONS: The most common forms of ILD are idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which accounts for approximately one-third of all cases of ILD, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, accounting for 15% of ILD cases, and connective tissue disease (CTD), accounting for 25% of ILD cases. ILD typically presents with dyspnea on exertion. Approximately 30% of patients with ILD report cough. Thoracic computed tomography is approximately 91% sensitive and 71% specific for diagnosing subtypes of ILDs such as IPF. Physiologic assessment provides important prognostic information. A 5% decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) over 12 months is associated with an approximately 2-fold increase in mortality compared with no change in FVC. Antifibrotic therapy with nintedanib or pirfenidone slows annual FVC decline by approximately 44% to 57% in individuals with IPF, scleroderma associated ILD, and in those with progressive pulmonary fibrosis of any cause. For connective tissue disease-associated ILD, immunomodulatory therapy, such as tocilizumab, rituximab, and mycophenolate mofetil, may slow decline or even improve FVC at 12-month follow-up. Structured exercise therapy reduces symptoms and improves 6-minute walk test distance in individuals with dyspnea. Oxygen reduces symptoms and improves quality of life in individuals with ILD who desaturate below 88% on a 6-minute walk test. Lung transplant may improve symptoms and resolve respiratory failure in patients with end-stage ILD. After lung transplant, patients with ILD have a median survival of 5.2 to 6.7 years compared with a median survival of less than 2 years in patients with advanced ILD who do not undergo lung transplant. Up to 85% of individuals with end-stage fibrotic ILD develop pulmonary hypertension. In these patients, treatment with inhaled treprostinil improves walking distance and respiratory symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Interstitial lung disease typically presents with dyspnea on exertion and can progress to respiratory failure. First-line therapy includes nintedanib or pirfenidone for IPF and mycophenolate mofetil for ILD due to connective tissue disease. Lung transplant should be considered for patients with advanced ILD. In patients with ILD, exercise training improves 6-minute walk test distance and quality of life.
Pelvic radiotherapy and vaginal brachytherapy play an integral role in managing gynecological malignancies, including endometrial and cervical cancer. Radiation-induced vaginal stenosis is a well recognized complication of radiation therapy and can result in painful, inadequate pelvic exams and sexual dysfunction. Current recommendations to prevent and manage vaginal stenosis include regular use of vaginal dilators, with our institutional recommendation being three times weekly for 10 minutes. Compliance varies among studies but is generally perceived to be low. Limited literature exists regarding ways to improve adherence and correct use of vaginal dilators. The goal of this study is to enhance the standard vaginal dilator model to improve patient outcomes. Eligibility includes women with endometrial or cervical cancer treated with post-operative external beam radiation therapy with or without brachytherapy. Patients will be randomized to either the standard vaginal dilator or an enhanced model. The enhanced dilator model includes the addition of a silicone band placed at the desired depth of vaginal dilator insertion, aimed to aide in correct insertion length. The primary aim of the study is patient adherence to vaginal dilator use. Secondary aims include vaginal length, CTCAE v5.0 grading scale for vaginal stricture, sexual function, self-reported comfort with use, and discomfort during office pelvic exams. Outcomes will be obtained based on physician reporting and patient surveys. All analyses will be completed by a biostatistician in the Clinical Research Office using SAS version 9.4.
Participants in the Adapted LiFE group learns to imbed 19 exercise activities (7 balance and 12 lower extremity muscle strength activities) into daily routines. An Occupational Therapy practitioner conducts 7 in-home visits over 12 weeks and a follow phone call a month after the last in-home visit.
The present invention relates to transgenic animals, as well as compositions and methods relating to the characterization of gene function. Specifically, the present invention provides transgenic mice comprising mutations in a glucagon receptor gene. Such transgenic mice are useful as models for disease and for identifying agents that modulate gene expression and gene function, and as potential treatments for various disease states and disease conditions. The present invention also relates to diabetes and diabetic condition, as it demonstrates the role of the glucagon receptor in diabetes and diabetic conditions. The present invention further relates to weight gain and weight related conditions, such as obesity, and demonstrates the role of the glucagon receptor in weight gain and weight related conditions, such as obesity. In accordance with these aspects, the present invention provides methods and compositions useful in identifying, testing, and providing treatments for diabetes and diabetic conditions, weight gain and weight related conditions such as obesity.