anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVES: The relationship between serum calcium and occurrence of MHO (metabolically healthy obesity) and MUNO (metabolically unhealthy non-obesity) remains unclear, and distinguishing these two phenotypes is difficult within primary healthcare units. This study explores that relationship.
METHODS: This survey included 28590 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2018. Obesity phenotypes were categorized based on BMI and presence or absence of metabolic syndrome components. Weighted multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between serum calcium levels and the obesity phenotype. Restricted cubic spline analysis characterized dose-response relationships, and stratified analyses explored these relationships across sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.
RESULTS: The overall prevalence of MHO and MUNO were 2.6% and 46.6%, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, serum calcium exhibited a negative association with MHO [OR (95%): 0.49 (0.36,0.67), p < 0.001], while exhibiting a positive association with MUNO [OR (95%): 1.48 (1.26,1.84), p < 0.001]. Additionally, we found a non-linear association between serum calcium levels and the incidences of MHO and MUNO. Stratified analyses demonstrated a strong negative correlation between serum calcium levels and MHO occurrence across various subgroups. There was no significant interaction between calcium and stratified variables except sex; the association between calcium and the occurrence of MHO was remarkable in female patients. Meanwhile, the predictive ability of serum calcium level for the occurrence of MUNO among all patients was consistent across various subgroups. There was a significant interaction between calcium level and stratified variables based on age, sex, race, and smoking status; the association was remarkable in older (≥ 40 years old), white, none or less smoking, and female patients.
CONCLUSIONS: A significant correlation was identified between serum calcium levels and MHO or MUNO. The findings suggest that serum calcium levels may serve as an indicator for more accurate assessment and diagnosis of MUNO and MHO, especially among individuals with abdominal obesity.
### INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION

For the designated indications as a premedicant, the usual recommended dose of lorazepam for intramuscular injection is 0.05 mg/kg up to a maximum of 4 mg. As with all premedicant drugs, the dose should be individualized (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, WARNINGS, PRECAUTIONS, and ADVERSE REACTIONS). Doses of other central-nervous-system-depressant drugs ordinarily should be reduced (see PRECAUTIONS). For optimum effect, measured as lack of recall, intramuscular lorazepam should be administered at least 2 hours before the anticipated operative procedure. Narcotic analgesics should be administered at their usual preoperative time.

There are insufficient data to support efficacy or make dosage recommendations for intramuscular lorazepam in patients less than 18 years of age; therefore, such use is not recommended.

### INTRAVENOUS INJECTION

For the primary purpose of sedation and relief of anxiety, the usual recommended initial dose of lorazepam for intravenous injection is 2 mg total, or 0.02 mg/lb (0.044 mg/kg), whichever is smaller. This dose will suffice for sedating most adult patients and ordinarily should not be exceeded in patients over 50 years of age. In those patients in whom a greater likelihood of lack of recall for perioperative events would be beneficial, larger doses as high as 0.05 mg/kg up to a total of 4 mg may be administered (see also CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, WARNINGS, PRECAUTIONS, and ADVERSE REACTIONS). Doses of other injectable central-nervous-system-depressant drugs ordinarily should be reduced (see PRECAUTIONS). For optimum effect, measured as lack of recall, intravenous lorazepam should be administered 15 to 20 minutes before the anticipated operative procedure.

There are insufficient data to support efficacy or make dosage recommendations for intravenous lorazepam in patients less than 18 years of age; therefore, such use is not recommended.
Healthy adult volunteer blood donors that qualify for a single unit platelet collection will undergo plateletpheresis on the Trima Accel® Automated Blood Collection System (Trima Accel System with Version 7.0 Software). Concurrent plasma will be collected in 25% of the collections.
The intervention/treatment participants in the treatment condition will be exposed to NJPAG's YYC...MSC! program. The program is designed to be delivered five days a week for two weeks and contains 11 lessons.
Pulmonary transplantation aims to increase patient survival and quality of life in relation to functional aspects. It is observed that the decrease in muscle mass and pulmonary changes are some complications that can be found in the post-transplant patient due to immobility. Thus, NMES rehabilitation is of paramount importance for the recovery of the individual, both in the functional aspects, and in the minimization in the time of hospitalization.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of NMES on the thickness and strength of the quadriceps femoris muscle, pulmonary function, endothelial function, functional capacity, muscle biochemical markers, arterial blood gas analysis and water balance of patients after lung transplantation through a randomized clinical trial. Patients will be randomized into two groups: EENM group: will receive the application of NMES associated with physiotherapy and control group: who will receive only the physiotherapy protocol of the HCPA. The NMES training will be applied once a day (30 minutes of application per session, increasing one minute every two days and reducing the OFF time), until the discharge of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The patient will continue with the application also in the Hospitalization Units of the HCPA and Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre until the hospital discharge. The following outcomes will be evaluated: thickness and strength of the quadriceps muscle, pulmonary function, endothelial function, functional capacity, mobility, muscle biochemical markers, arterial blood gas analysis, water balance and length of stay in the ICU, time and success of weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation and survival rate through medical records analysis.
INTRODUCTION: Prescription opioids, including those prescribed after surgery, have greatly contributed to the US opioid epidemic. Educating opioid prescribers is a crucial component of ensuring the safe use of opioids among surgical patients.
METHODS: An annual opioid prescribing education curriculum was implemented among new surgical prescribers at our institution between 2017 and 2022. The curriculum includes a single 75-min session which is comprised of several components: pain medications (dosing, indications, and contraindications); patients at high risk for uncontrolled pain and/or opioid misuse or abuse; patient monitoring and care plans; and state and federal regulations. Participants were asked to complete an opioid knowledge assessment before and after the didactic session.
RESULTS: Presession and postsession assessments were completed by 197 (89.6%) prescribers. Across the five studied years, the median presession score was 54.5%. This increased to 63.6% after completion of the curriculum, representing a median relative knowledge increase of 18.2%. The median relative improvement was greatest for preinterns and interns (18.2% for both groups); smaller improvements were observed for postgraduate year 2-5 residents (9.1%) and advanced practice providers (9.1%). On a scale of 1 to 10 (with 5 being comfortable), median (interquartile range) self-reported comfort in prescribing opioids increased from 3 (2-5) before education to 5 (4-6) after education (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Each year, the curriculum substantially improved provider knowledge of and comfort in opioid prescribing. Despite increased national awareness of the opioid epidemic and increasing institutional initiatives to improve opioid prescribing practices, there was a sustained knowledge and comfort gap among new surgical prescribers. The observed effects of our opioid education curriculum highlight the value of a simple and efficient educational initiative.
Conventional exercises are stretching for the cervical, thoracic and lumbar flexibility, shoulder circumference, hamstring and erector spinal muscles, strengthening exercises for abdominal, back and proximal muscles. The exercises that will be taught in detail to each stage of the patient will be performed at home by the patient for 60 minutes, 2 days a week. The patients will be inspected and controlled by monthly controls.
Chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride and clidinium bromide capsules, USP are a fixed-combination of chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride, a benzodiazepine, and clidinium bromide, an anticholinergic. 

Each chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride and clidinium bromide capsules, USP contain the active ingredients 5 mg chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride, USP and 2.5 mg clidinium bromide, USP. Each capsule also contains the inactive ingredients D&C Yellow No. 10, FD & C Blue 1, FD&C Green No. 3, gelatin, hydrogenated castor oil, lactose monohydrate, maize starch, titanium dioxide, and purified water.

Each capsule is imprinted with black pharmaceutical ink which contains: butyl alcohol, dehydrated alcohol, ferrosoferric oxide, isopropyl alcohol, potassium hydroxide, propylene glycol, purified water, shellac and strong ammonia solution.

Chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride, USP is 7-chloro-2-(methylamino)-5-phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepine 4-oxide monohydrochloride. A white to slightly yellow crystalline powder, it is sparingly soluble in alcohol (ethanol 96%) and insoluble in hexane. It is unstable in solution and the powder must be protected from light. The molecular formula is C16H15Cl2N3O and molecular weight is 336.22 g/mol. The structural formula of chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride, USP is as follows:

Clidinium bromide, USP is a synthetic anticholinergic agent which has been shown in experimental and clinical studies to have an antispasmodic and antisecretory effects on the gastrointestinal tract. Clidinium bromide, USP is white to off white crystalline powder. It is soluble in methanol and practically insoluble in ether. The chemical name is (±)-3-hydroxy-1-methylquinuclidinium bromide benzilate, molecular formula is C22H26BrNO3 and molecular weight is 432.36 g/mol. Structurally, clidinium bromide, USP is:

Meets USP Dissolution Test 2.
An aqueous laxative syrup is provided comprising one part by weight of lactulose and 0.66-1.5 parts by weight of a polyol selected from lactitol and/or maltitol. The syrup has a viscosity of 5-70 mPa.s. Preferably the polyol is lactitol. The syrup is less viscous than a lactulose-only syrup and has a pleasant balance of tastes between sweetness, acidity and bitterness.  Furthermore, it does not suffer from an overly medicinal taste. This balance of characteristics makes the syrup pleasant to take and so improves patient compliance.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in patients hospitalized for diarrhea and analyze the risk factors for CDI.
METHODS: Stool samples were collected from 306 patients with diarrhea hospitalized in 3 university hospitals in a mid-south city of China from October to December, 2020. C. difficile was isolated by anaerobic culture, and qRT-PCR was used to detect the expressions of toxin A (tcdA) and B (tcdB) genes and the binary toxin genes (cdtA and cdtB). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed for the isolated strains without contaminating strains as confirmed by 16S rDNA sequencing. Etest strips were used to determine the drug resistance profiles of the isolated strains, and the risk factors of CDI in the patients were analyzed.
RESULTS: CDI was detected in 25 (8.17%) out of the 306 patients. All the patients tested positive for tcdA and tcdB but negative for the binary toxin genes. Seven noncontaminated C. difficile strains with 5 ST types were isolated, including 3 ST54 strains and one strain of ST129, ST98, ST53, and ST631 types each, all belonging to clade 1 and sensitive to metronidazole and vancomycin. Hospitalization within the past 6 months (OR= 3.675; 95% CI: 1.405-9.612), use of PPIs (OR=7.107; 95% CI: 2.575-19.613), antibiotics for ≥1 week (OR=7.306; 95% CI: 2.274-23.472), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (OR=4.754; 95% CI: 1.504-15.031) in the past month, and gastrointestinal disorders (OR=5.050; 95% CI: 1.826-13.968) were all risk factors for CDI in the patients hospitalized for diarrhea.
CONCLUSION: The CDI rate remains low in the hospitalized patients with diarrhea in the investigated hospitals, but early precaution measures are recommended when exposure to the risk factors is reported to reduce the risk of CDI in the hospitalized patients.
Each subject will be randomly assigned to receive placebo for an 8-week treatment period. Subjects will be instructed to take two capsules (placebo) in the morning with breakfast and two capsules (placebo) in the evening with dinner. At the end of each 8-week treatment period subjects will crossover to the next treatment group until all three treatment periods have been completed at 24 weeks.
PURPOSE:The titled drug through nose comprising calcitonin as an active ingredient and a specific absorption promoter. CONSTITUTION:A drug composition for administration through nose, obtained by adding one or more amino acids selected from basic amino acid and/or neutral amino acid (e.g., arginine,lysine,citrulline,threonine, etc.) As an absorption promoter and calcitonin as an active ingredient to a liquid diluent or a carrier pH of an aqueous solution is preferably 3-5 with respect to stability. A citrate, tartrate, malate, etc., are used as a buffer solution. In an administration form, since it is administered to the nasal ca-vity, it is dropped or sprayed by using a drop container, spray container, or aerosol applicator for nose,etc. The concen tration is 200-6,000IU/ml, a dose is preferably 0.05-0.2ml/time, and properly once-five times daily in the case of an aqueous solution.
Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare, autosomal recessive multisystem disease. The pathophysiological origin is a dysfunction of the primary cilium. Clinical symptoms are heterogeneous and variable: retinal dystrophy, obesity, polydactyly, kidney abnormalities, hypogenitalism and developmental delays are the most common features. By the approval of the melanocortin 4 receptor agonist setmelanotide, a drug therapy for BBS-associated hyperphagia and obesity can be offered for the first time. Hyperphagia and severe obesity represent a considerable burden and are associated with comorbidity and increased mortality risk. Due to the limited experience with setmelanotide in BBS, a viable comprehensive therapy concept is to be presented. Therapy decision and management should be conducted in expert centers. For best therapeutic effects with setmelanotide adequate information of the patient about the modalities of the therapy (daily subcutaneous injection) and possible adverse drug events are necessary. Furthermore, the involvement of psychologists, nutritionists and nursing services (support for the application) should be considered together with the patient. The assessment of therapy response should be carried out with suitable outcome measurements and centrally reported to an adequate register.
PURPOSE:To obtain a antitumor and physiologically active polypeptide, consisting of a specific amino acid sequence and having excellent specific activity and stability and useful for treating cancer, etc. CONSTITUTION:A synthetic oligonucleotide obtained by synthesizing with a codon derived from a human tumor necrotic factor (TNF) protein is cloned in a vector, such as pBR322, to provide a human TNF gene expression type plasmid (e.g. pTNF401NN) (A), which is then subjected to treatment with a restriction enzyme, genetic reparative treatment, etc., to afford an antitumor active polypeptide gene expression type plasmid (e.g. pTNF416) (B). The components (A) and (B) are then introduced into Escherichia.coli to afford a recombinant microbial cell (C). The resultant cell (C) is subsequently cultivated in a culture medium containing glucose, casamino acid, etc., and the cultivated C cells are collected and subjected to treatment, such as crushing, to provide a cell lysate (D), which is then subjected to separation treatment, such as electrophoresis, to recover the aimed physiologically active polypeptide consisting of an amino acid sequence, such as an amino acid expressed by the formula.
1457277 Antisera suppressing tissue transplant rejection G .D SEARLE & Co Ltd 31 July 1974 [9 Aug 1973] 37800/73 Heading A5B Antisera useful in tissue typing and in suppressing rejection of tissue transplants are produced by collecting an antierum containing antibodies to the antigens which cause transplant rejection and removing from the antiserum antibodies against serodominant transplantation antigens by selectively absorbing such antibodies on a substrate. The antiserum may be produced by injecting antigenic material from a prospective transplant donor or another individual of similar genetic type into a host. The donor and recipient may be human. The host may be a human or an animal, eg a rodent. Alternatively the antiserurn, may be collected from a multiporous woman of known antigenic profile. The suibstrate may be material containing serodominant transplantation antigens, e.g. red blood cells, platelets or liver cell material..
All 24 subjects will receive study drug and everyone will be randomized to which side of the face is treated with study drug first (right half-face versus left half-face). After 8 weeks of split-face treatment every night before bed, the subjects will be instructed to start treating both sides for another 8 weeks. Up to 30 subjects may be enrolled to ensure a target sample size of 24 (12 acne cases, 12 rosacea cases). This is an exploratory study. No part of this protocol will be considered routine care.
This condition will have signage and cues as in Arm 2 added to the care communities. In addition, a spaced retrieval (SR) memory intervention strategy will be implemented individually for each resident participating in the study to help them remember the presence and function of the environmental wayfinding cues.
OBJECTIVES: To compare oncologic outcomes after segmentectomy with division of segmental bronchus, artery and vein (complete anatomic segmentectomy) versus segmentectomy with division of <3 segmental structures (incomplete anatomic segmentectomy).
METHODS: We conducted a single-centre, retrospective analysis of patients undergoing segmentectomy from March 2005 to May 2020. Operative reports were audited to classify procedures as complete or incomplete anatomic segmentectomy. Patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy or pulmonary resection beyond indicated segments were excluded. Survival was estimated with Kaplan-Meier models and compared using log-rank tests. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for death. Cumulative incidence functions for loco-regional recurrence were compared with Gray's test, with death considered a competing event. Cox and Fine-Gray models were used to estimate cause-specific and subdistribution HRs, respectively, for loco-regional recurrence.
RESULTS: Of 390 cases, 266 (68.2%) were complete and 124 were incomplete anatomic segmentectomy. Demographics, pulmonary function, tumour size, stage and perioperative outcomes did not significantly differ between groups. Surgical margins were negative in all but 1 case. Complete anatomic segmentectomy was associated with improved lymph node dissection (5 vs 2 median nodes sampled; P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis revealed reduced incidence of loco-regional recurrence (cause-specific HR = 0.42; 95% confidence interval 0.22-0.80; subdistribution HR = 0.43; 95% confidence interval 0.23-0.81), and non-significant improvement in overall survival (HR = 0.66; 95% confidence interval: 0.43-1.00) after complete versus incomplete anatomic segmentectomy.
CONCLUSIONS: This single-centre experience suggests complete anatomic segmentectomy provides superior loco-regional control and may improve survival relative to incomplete anatomic segmentectomy. We recommend surgeons perform complete anatomic segmentectomy and lymph node dissection whenever possible.
INTRODUCTION: Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is associated with a significant mental and physical burden for patients and caregivers. Standard of care (SOC) for SBS includes parenteral support (PS) to optimize intestinal function. Teduglutide, a recombinant human glucagon-like peptide 2 analogue, reduces the need for PS in patients with SBS. In this study, we assessed the cost-effectiveness of teduglutide in pediatric patients with SBS from multiple perspectives, considering the caregiver's burden.
METHODS: A Markov model was used to evaluate cost (Japanese yen, JPY) and effectiveness (quality-adjusted life years, QALYs) of teduglutide compared with SOC for pediatric patients with SBS in Japan. We conducted a base-case analysis and selected sensitivity and scenario analyses from three perspectives: (1) the public healthcare payer, (2) the public healthcare and long-term care payer, and (3) society.
RESULTS: In the base-case analysis, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was 9,533,412 JPY per QALY from the public healthcare payer perspective, 6,335,980 JPY per QALY from the public healthcare and long-term care payer perspective, and 3,510,371 JPY per QALY from the societal perspective. The probability that cost-effectiveness of teduglutide is favorable from a societal perspective was 59.3%. In all scenario analyses, consistent with the base-case analysis, ICERs for teduglutide compared with SOC were different depending on whether caregiver utility and productivity loss were considered.
CONCLUSIONS: Incorporating the caregiver's burden in the cost-effectiveness analysis of teduglutide for pediatric patients with SBS provided a more comprehensive assessment of the value of teduglutide for patients, their families, and society. This approach enhances our understanding of the overall value of a treatment, especially for diseases with significant caregiver burden.
The present invention provides compositions and methods for treating a tissue disorder associated with a response-to-injury process or proliferating cells in a mammal. These tissue disorders are associated with a novel cellular phenotype designated as "transition cells" which are described herein. This cellular phenotype is characterized in having an activated erk kinase signaling activity, a stimulated AP-1 binding activity, and at least one characteristic selected from the group consisting of: (a) increased podosome formation, (b) increased flux of intracellular or extracellular hyaluronans or hyaladherins, (c) increased expression of a hyaladherin, (d) an inability to form focal adhesions, (e) increased metalloproteinase activity, and (f) increased expression of a hyaladherin. Example tissue disorders include fibrosis, inflammation, degeneration and invasive disorders such as occur in cancerous cells. The methods provided herein include administering to the mammal, an effective amount of a composition that alters the activity of transition molecules within a cell. Transition molecules are shown to be comprised of hyaladherins, hyaluronans and associated molecules that regulate the transitional phenotype. A novel cell culture comprising transition cells is also provided, as well as compositions comprising particular peptides, polypeptides, and antibodies that affect the transitional phenotype.
The MRCP images will be transferred into a 3D VR rendering software (Specto VR TM) for each patient. Residents will have the opportunity to use the virtual reality environment the day before surgery until a sufficient understanding of the anatomy is achieved.