anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and hypertension are both common and severe problems in African American individuals (as noted in the International Society on Hypertension in Blacks consensus statement). CPAP treatment of OSA is effective in controlling hypertension in patients with OSA, but has not been studied in African Americans, a high-risk population with potentially large health gains. This is an area of significance because poorly controlled hypertension leads to progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and morbidity in this population. By identifying CPAP treatment-response and relevant moderators of this response in African Americans with hypertension and OSA, targeted treatment of OSA can be implemented, reducing the excess burden of CVD. The investigators will determine the relative magnitude of hypertension response to CPAP treatment (ambulatory blood pressure and central aortic blood pressure) in 220 African American and Veterans of other race(s) with hypertension and newly diagnosed OSA (specific aim 1). The investigators will measure changes in pathogenic biomarkers (urinary cumulative sympathetic nervous system activity and oxidative stress) that are responsive to CPAP treatment in addition to hypertension assessments. Further, the investigators will examine the role of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), a potentially important moderator of treatment response, in these two patient populations (specific aim 2). Finally, the investigators will adjust the outcomes assessment for the anticipated biological heterogeneity among self-identified African Americans by measuring genetic ancestry (exploratory aim). This award will provide the foundation for the goals of this research program to reduce CVD disparity in diverse populations with targeted treatment of OSA.
PURPOSE: A method for preparing fermented collagen is provided to remove the odor of collagen and to quickly absorb the fermented collagen into dermis. CONSTITUTION: A method for preparing fermented collagen comprises: a step of preparing collagen peptides; a step of adding microorganisms to collagen peptides and fermenting at 25°C-50°C for 24-72 hours; and a step of purifying the fermented collagen. The microorganism includes Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Streptococcus sp., or Saccharomyces sp. A cosmetic composition contains 0.0001-30 wt% of the fermented collagen. The cosmetic composition further contains adenosine, arbutin, coenzyme Q10, fermented polyphenol, rosemary extract, fermented kazinol, arbutin, natto gum, or hyaluronic acid. The cosmetic composition is manufactured in the form of a lotion, nutrition cream, eye cream, serum, ample, essence, cleansing cream, cleansing oil, spray, soap, shampoo, or rinse.
An applicator which can readily and conveniently generate an aerosol of hydrophobic silica particles without the need for hoppers, rotating vanes, compressed dry air purged rotors, venturis, or other complex apparatus, and a method of applying a friction enhancing and water repelling coating to a surface using such an applicator. The applicator can readily produce a submicron hydrophobic silica aerosol even from hydrophobic silica particles which normally aggregate into conglomerates of greater than 1μ in diameter. The applicator uses an aerosol dispenser with a nozzle communicating with the interior of the container thereof, and a pressurized propellant. The dispenser is charged with a suspension of hydrophobic silica particles in a volatile liquid, for example ethanol. The applicator and method are particularly useful in applying a grip enhancing and water repelling coating to an individual's hands and/or various equipment, such as athletic equipment, prior to participating in sports where improved grip is desirable, such as in football, baseball, golf, etc. Further, high efficiency particulate filters can be readily and conveniently tested using the applicator.
There have been reports of patients experiencing intense urges to gamble, increased sexual urges, intense urges to spend money uncontrollably, and/or other intense urges, and the inability to control these urges while taking one or more of the medications, including bromocriptine mesylate, that increase central dopaminergic tone. In some cases, although not all, these urges were reported to have stopped when the dose was reduced, or the medication was discontinued. Because patients may not recognize these behaviors as abnormal, it is important for prescribers to specifically ask patients or their caregivers about the development of new or increased gambling urges, sexual urges, uncontrolled spending, or other urges while being treated with bromocriptine mesylate for Parkinson’s disease or hyperprolactinemia-associated dysfunctions. Physicians should consider dose reduction or stopping the medication if a patient develops such urges while taking bromocriptine mesylate. 

Safety and efficacy of bromocriptine mesylate have not been established in patients with renal or hepatic disease. Care should be exercised when administering bromocriptine mesylate therapy concomitantly with other medications known to lower blood pressure.

The drug should be used with caution in patients with a history of psychosis or cardiovascular disease. If acromegalic patients or patients with prolactinoma or Parkinson's disease are being treated with bromocriptine mesylate during pregnancy, they should be cautiously observed, particularly during the postpartum period if they have a history of cardiovascular disease. 

Patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, severe lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take this medicine.
Death has been reported in children who have accidentally ingested oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate.

Patients and their caregivers must be informed that oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate contains a medicine in an amount which can be fatal to a child. Healthcare providers and dispensing pharmacists must specifically question patients or caregivers about the presence of children in the home (on a full time or visiting basis) and counsel them regarding the dangers to children from inadvertent exposure.

Patients and their caregivers must be instructed to keep both used and unused dosage units out of the reach of children. While all units should be disposed of immediately after use, partially consumed units represent a special risk to children. In the event that a unit is not completely consumed it must be properly disposed as soon as possible [see Patient Counseling Information (17)].

Detailed instructions for the proper storage, administration, disposal, and important instructions for managing an overdose of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate are provided in the oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate Medication Guide. Encourage patients to read this information in its entirety and give them an opportunity to have their questions answered.
Group 2 will consist of 30 subjects who will not receive instructions to view the video. They will be given routine care instructions for bowel prep.
Subjects will be given with a dose of 5mg/day placebo. All drugs will be administered orally.
This study involves just one group which will be consist of 40 healthy young adults (university students). It will include both males and females and all of them will be exposed to the same protocol.
Rice blast, caused by rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae), is a global threat to food security, with up to 50% yield losses. Panicle blast is a severe form of rice blast, and disease responses vary between cultivars with different genotypes. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated signaling reactions and the phenylpropanoid pathway are important defense mechanisms involved in recognizing and resisting against fungal infection. To understand rice-M. oryzae interactions in resistant and susceptible cultivars, we determined dynamic changes in the activities of five defense-related enzymes in resistant cultivar jingsui 18 and susceptible cultivar jinyuan 899 infected with M. oryzae from 4 to 25 days after infection. We then performed untargeted metabolomics analyses to profile the metabolomes of the cultivars under infected and non-infected conditions. Dynamic changes in the activities of five defense-related enzymes were closely related to panicle blast resistance in rice. Metabolome data analysis identified 634 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) between resistant and susceptible cultivars following infection, potentially explaining differences in disease response between varieties. The most enriched DAMs were associated with lipids and lipid-like molecules, phenylpropanoids and polyketides, organoheterocyclic compounds, organic acids and derivatives, and lignans, neolignans, and related compounds. Multiple metabolic pathways are involved in resistance to panicle blast in rice, including biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites, amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, tyrosine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, lysine biosynthesis, and oxidative phosphorylation.
BACKGROUND/AIM: In colorectal cancer surgery, the risk of surgical site infection (SSI) is relatively high. The development of SSI is related to longer and costlier hospitalization and reduced quality of life; therefore, perioperative prevention of SSI is important. Chemical bowel preparation (CBP) combined with mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) may be more effective in preventing surgical site infection (SSI) compared to MBP alone. Since May 2021, we have been administering oral kanamycin and metronidazole as CBP, in addition to MBP, as a preoperative treatment for colorectal cancer surgery on the day before surgery. In this study, we investigated the clinical value of CBP in addition to MBP in colorectal cancer surgery using propensity score matching (PSM).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: From January 2017 to December 2021, 136 consecutive patients underwent radical surgery for sigmoid colon and rectal cancer at the Osaka Metropolitan University Hospital. Patients were divided into two groups: CBP and N-CBP. In the N-CBP group, we performed only preoperative MBP, whereas in the CBP group, we performed preoperative CBP in addition to MBP. We retrospectively analyzed this relationship with PSM.
RESULTS: Overall, 46 patients underwent preoperative CBP and MBP, 90 patients underwent preoperative MBP only. PSM was performed between the CBP and N-CBP groups based on the following ten factors: age, sex, diabetes mellitus, preoperative therapy, Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), operative time, blood loss, stoma, and pathological stage. After PSM, univariate and multivariate analyses of the relationship between SSI and clinicopathological factors were performed. Univariate analysis showed that age and CBP were correlated with the rate of SSI (p=0.039 and p=0.017, respectively), whereas sex was relatively correlated with the rate of SSI (p=0.066). The multivariate analysis of significant factors identified age of 75 or more and non-CBP as an independent risk factor for incisional SSI (HR=9.5; p=0.049 and HR=5.4×e-8; p=0.020).
CONCLUSION: Preoperative CBP in addition to MBP was effective in preventing incisional SSI during colorectal cancer surgery.
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects exocrine glands, mainly the salivary and lacrimal glands, leading to the development of sicca symptoms. Patients with pSS may also present with extraglandular manifestations, including lung involvement, estimated to occur in 9-24% of cases. Shrinking lung syndrome (SLS) is an uncommon respiratory complication primarily associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, with a prevalence of approximately 1% in these patients. It typically manifests as dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, lung volume reduction, and a restrictive pattern on respiratory function tests. Cases reporting SLS with other connective tissue diseases, including pSS, are even rarer. Herein, we describe a case of a 57-year-old woman with a 10-year history of pSS who presented with dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain. After evaluation, the patient was diagnosed with SLS based on clinical, radiologic, laboratorial, and electrophysiologic characteristics. In addition, we identified and analyzed previously published cases of SLS in pSS. Treatment includes corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and respiratory muscle training. This study highlights the importance of considering SLS in the differential diagnosis of patients with pSS and respiratory symptoms.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a compression-molded sustained release agent having sustained releasability and capable of delicately controlling the release of a drug component by granulating a scarcely water-soluble drug and an inert carrier in wet state with a mixture of an organic solvent and water and compression- molding the obtained granules. SOLUTION: The objective agent is produced by granulating (A) a scarcely water-soluble drug (salazosulfapyridine, roxithromycin, etc.), and (B) an inert carrier (lactose, D-mannitol, talc, etc.), in wet state with (C) a mixture of (i) an organic solvent (ethanol, methanol, acetone, etc.), and (ii) water and compression-molding the obtained granules. The content of the component (Ci) in the component C is preferably >=5% (V/V). The addition amount of the component C in granulation is about 0.1-0.8 times the sum of the components A and B. The drying of the mixed granule is carried out at about 40-90 deg.C and the pressure of the compression-molding is about 700-6,500 kg/cm2.
BACKGROUND: Illness perceptions are the unique perspective individuals have on their illness, based on their context and experiences, and are associated with patient outcomes including coping and adherence. The purpose of this study was to explore characteristics that may be driving membership in illness perceptions cluster groups for adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
METHODS: This study was conducted within the multicenter longitudinal Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study. Cross-sectional data were collected and combined with CRIC data. Illness perceptions were measured using the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire. Clustering analysis was conducted in R, and bivariate analysis including linear regression was performed in STATA 16.
RESULTS: The sample (n = 197) had a mean age of 68, was 52% women, 53% non-White, and mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 56 ml/min/1.73 m2. Three cluster groups were identified, labeled as "Disengaged" (n = 20), "Well-Resourced" (n = 108), and "Distressed" (n = 69). The "Disengaged" group was characterized by low CKD knowledge, many recent hospitalization days, and the lowest perceived CKD burden. The "Well-Resourced" group was characterized by the highest levels of education, CKD knowledge, optimism, and medication adherence. The "Distressed" group was characterized by the highest levels of depression scores, comorbidity burden, CKD burden, CKD symptoms, and lowest optimism. Group membership significantly predicted the number of hospitalization days in adjusted analyses.
CONCLUSIONS: Illness perceptions groups are associated with number of hospitalization days but are independent of many patient characteristics. Illness perceptions data could be used to tailor care for specific patients at risk for poor health outcomes.
Participants assigned to the experimental intervention will receive 6 weeks, 2x per week of visual perturbation treadmill training using the GRAIL system. This will consist of maximum 30 minutes of walking on the treadmill while translations and rotations of the projected environment are applied.
Only limited data are available on the frequency of genetic variants in patients with sporadic ALS (sALS) and familial ALS (fALS). Genetic investigations do not belong to the standard of care in patients with sALS (patients without a family history of ALS). As a result, the patient's mutation status is commonly unknown. Even in patients with fALS (with a known family history of ALS), screening for genetic mutations is not performed regularly due to lacking treatment options in gene therapy. However, this paradigm is about to change as clinical trials on genetic medicines are ongoing and might result in the approval of new genetically investigated drugs. This project aims to explore a large cohort of ALS patients on family history, clinical characteristics, healthcare measures, and genetic variants in SOD1, C9orf72, FUS, and TARDBP - the most commonly mutated genes in ALS. This cohort study will allow us to determine the frequency of gene mutations in ALS patients in a real-world setting of ALS centers in Germany. Furthermore, the project shall enhance insights into potential differences between genetically defined cohorts using the course of the disease and the provision of health care measures. The investigation of genetically distinct ALS cohorts is particularly relevant, as an improved understanding of the relationship between the genotype and the journey of disease is scientifically indispensable to determine the therapeutic potential of future genetic therapies.
The study was composed by a convenience sample of 19 male and female athletes aged between 12 and 20 years old who train regularly (six days a week) and are members of the Prudentina Athletic Sports Association (APEA) swimming team. The research project was accepted by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Science and Technology of the Paulista State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - FCT / UNESP. A single-blinded crossover randomized controlled trial with 1:1:1 allocation. The sample was submitted to a balanced-block randomization, by sorting on Excel, with a balanced sex, age and competitive level ratio, to three sequences of interventions containing: (i) control, (ii) superficial massage and iii) deep massage. The study was conducted over a period of eight weeks, consisting of five sessions of resistance and swimming training. The option for intervention time point was based on a pilot study that yielded higher training loads on on Mondays, Tuesdays and Fridays and worse perceptions between both training stimuli (resistance and swimming). At the end of each training week, participants were subjected to a maximum test of 100-m front crawl sprint in a semi-olympic indoor pool (25 meters), then we performed a functional evaluation. Training load was monitored over the entire trial by the Session Rating of Perceived Exertion (sRPE) calculated by the product of the training duration and perception of effort. Effects of single massage on perceptive outcomes were analyzed by generalized estimating equations (GEE) with ordinal distribution and cumulative logit link function, using intervention group, training time-points and day of intervention as predictors in the model. The first category (nothing) was used as reference unless otherwise stated. Effects of repeated massage on proprioception was analyzed by GEE and remaining outcomes were analyzed by Generalized Linear Mixed Model, both with Gamma distribution and cumulative logit link function. Bonferroni adjustments were used for all significant main effect. Pearson's test was used to explore the correlation between training load and performance and interpreted as small (0.00-0.25), fair (0.26-0.50), moderate to good (0.51-0.75) and excellent (\>0.75).
SARS-CoV-2 has raised the alarm to search for effective therapy for this virus. To date several vaccines have been approved, but few available drugs reported recently still need approval from FDA. Novel antiviral compositions comprising niclosamide derivatives for treating COVID-19 are described herein. Using a FRET-based enzymatic assay, three niclosamide derivatives, JMX0286, JMX0301, and JMX0941, were identified as potent allosteric inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro, with IC50 values similar to that of known covalent inhibitor boceprevir. In a cell-based antiviral assay, these inhibitors can inhibit the virus growth with EC50 in the range of 2-3 pM. The mechanism of action of JMX0286, JMX0301, and JMX0941 were characterized by enzyme kinetics, affinity binding and protein-based substrate digestion. Molecular docking suggested that JMX0286, JMX0301, and JMX0941 bind specifically to an allosteric pocket of the SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease.
This open label study will consist of three phases: baseline, Double-blind treatment and open-label-treatment. There are 9 visits over 32 weeks. During the baseline period, the number of seizures will be recorded during 2 months while the patient is on a dose of antiseizure drug(s) that was previously established to provide better seizure control. Blood work, including blood for DNA baseline ECG and echocardiogram will be done and may be repeated if necessary. During the 3 months of double-blind treatment phase, verapamil/placebo will be added to the current medications. Visits are every 4 weeks. Vital signs, seizure counts and adverse events will be evaluated. All patients who received placebo will be offered 3 months of open-label treatment with verapamil.
PURPOSE: Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is an urgent, critical condition that requires immediate fasciotomy once diagnosed. Traditionally, fasciotomy of the forearms and lower leg involves one or two long approaches. Our previous study demonstrated that mini approaches fasciotomy was an effective method to treat ACS. This study is aimed at further evaluating the limb functions and complications of mini approaches combined with vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) for treating ACS caused by fractures in the forearms and lower legs.
METHODS: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we reviewed 126 children who underwent mini treatment approaches for ACS from Jan 2008 to Jan 2022. The selected patients were divided into two groups: group A (ACS group; 58 patients aged 7.77±3.45 years) and group B (ACS combined with VSD; 68 patients aged 7.17±3.55 years). Patients' clinical data were collected. The patients were followed up, and muscle function in the forearms and lower legs was evaluated.
RESULTS: The overall incidence of lower legs and forearms ACS was 126/29642 (0.425%). The most common mechanisms of injury were fractures of the forearm (39/74, 52.7%), supracondylar humerus (31/74 41.9%), and elbow (4/74, 5.4%), while those for the lower legs were fractures of the proximal tibia (19/52, 36.5%), midshaft of tibia (25/52, 48.1%), and distal tibia (7/52, 13.5%). According to Flynn's assessment, no significant difference was observed between the two groups (p=0.151). However, the two groups showed significant differences in the hospitalization time (p=0.002) and incision infection rate (0.043).
CONCLUSIONS: Mini approaches fasciotomy combined with VSD is an effective and safe method to treat ACS of the forearms and lower legs caused by fractures in children. This method involves a single-stage surgery and is associated with shorter hospitalization time and incision infection.