anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Detection of early stage cancer may be possible through analysis of circulating cell-free nucleic acids (cfNAs) shed into the blood by tumors. GRAIL is using high-intensity sequencing (based on broad genomic coverage and deep sequencing) of cfNAs, combined with machine learning, to develop blood tests to detect cancer early. The purpose of this prospective, multi-center, observational cohort study is to validate an assay for the early detection of breast cancer and other invasive cancers, including hematologic malignancies. The study will collect blood samples from participants within 28 days of their screening mammogram. Additional blood samples will also be collected for a subset of participants. For participants who receive a cancer diagnosis during the study, archival tissue samples will be collected.
Non Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS), or, better, Non Celiac Wheat Sensitivity (NCWS), since it is not known the real pathogenetic component(s) of grain, is a syndrome characterized by a cohort of symptoms, both gastrointestinal and extraintestinal, related to the ingestion of gluten/wheat-containing food in subjects who are not affected by celiac disease (CD) or wheat allergy. In detail, NCWS is distinguished by symptoms that typically take place soon after gluten/wheat ingestion, withdraw with gluten/wheat exclusion, and relapse following gluten/wheat challenge (i.e., double-blinded placebo-controlled, DBPC, gluten/wheat challenge, used for diagnostic purpose) within hours or days. The gastrointestinal clinical picture of NCWS is a combination of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like manifestations, such as abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation, or alternation of diarrhea and constipation, and dyspepsia like-symptoms, such as postprandial heaviness, early satiety, and epigastric pain or burning. However, the possibility of extraintestinal manifestations in this condition has been suggested by some reports. In most cases, they are characterized by vague symptoms, such as headache, 'foggy mind', fatigue, joint and muscle pain, leg or arm numbness (i.e., fibromyalgia-like symptoms), even if more specific complaints have been described. A possible neurological involvement has been underlined by NCWS association with gluten encephalopathy, gluten ataxia, and gluten peripheric neuropathy. NCWS patients may show even psychiatric diseases, such as anxiety, depression, and psychosis. Other described extraintestinal manifestations are dermatitis, (eczema or skin rash), gynecological disorders, and anemia. In addition, the association of NCWS with autoimmune diseases, such as autoimmune thyroiditis, and presence of anti-nuclear or other autoantibodies has been demonstrated, suggesting that, similarly to CD, NCWS might be considered as an immune system-related disease, and this aspect should be of relevance. In conclusion, the novelty of this matter has generated an expansion of literature data about the clinical features of the disease, with the unavoidable consequence that some reports are often based on low levels of evidence. Therefore, only studies performed on large samples, with the inclusion of control groups, may be able to clearly establish whether the large information from the literature regarding extraintestinal NCWS manifestations could be supported by evidence-based agreements. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to: a) retrospectively evaluate the prevalence and kind of extraintestinal symptoms in a large cohort of NCWS patients, diagnosed by DBPC gluten/wheat challenge; b) to research for a possible relationship between the clinical, serological, genetic and histological characteristics of the NCWS patients and the number and kind of extraintestinal manifestations. As control groups, the researchers used CD and IBS patients unrelated to NCWS or other food allergies/intolerances.
This work is designed as a prospective cohort study, in which the effects of low-energy focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in patients with Patellar tendinopathy (AT) will be monitored on its micromorphology. It is estimated that at least 20 patients will participate. In addition, there will be a small control group of healthy tendons which will be monitored to observe magnitude of natural changes.

The research within one patient will last a total of 16 weeks from the initial to the final examination. Potential participants will be selected based on the recommendation of a specialist doctor and their suitability will be assessed according to the inclusion criteria. They will then be invited to an initial examination. This will include an objective examination by a physiotherapist, a subjective assessment by the patient and an ultrasonographic (USG) examination followed by a micromorphological analysis using special software.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim was to evaluate the effect of anti-calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) (ligand or receptor) antibodies on depressive symptoms in subjects with migraine and to determine whether depressive symptoms predict treatment response.
METHODS: Patients with migraine treated with erenumab and fremanezumab at the Leiden Headache Centre completed daily E-headache diaries. A control group was included. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) questionnaires at baseline (T0) and after 3 months (T1). First, the effect of treatment on the reduction in HADS-D and CES-D scores was assessed, with reduction in depression scores as the dependent variable and reduction in monthly migraine days (MMD) and treatment with anti-CGRP medication as independent variables. Second, depression as a predictor of treatment response was investigated, using the absolute reduction in MMD as a dependent variable and age, gender, MMD, active depression, impact, stress and locus of control scores as independent variables.
RESULTS: In total, n = 108 patients were treated with erenumab, n = 90 with fremanezumab and n = 68 were without active treatment. Treatment with anti-CGRP medication was positively associated with a reduction in the HADS-D (β = 1.65, p = 0.01) compared to control, independent of MMD reduction. However, the same effect was not found for the CES-D (β = 2.15, p = 0.21). Active depression predicted poorer response to erenumab (p = 0.02) but not to fremanezumab (p = 0.09).
CONCLUSION: Anti-CGRP (ligand or receptor) monoclonals lead to improvement of depressive symptoms in individuals with migraine, independent of migraine reduction. Depression may predict treatment response to erenumab but not to fremanezumab.
A cervical epidural block is a widely used intervention to reduce pain in patients with cervicalgia or cervical radicular pain. To achieve a successful procedure, accurate access to the cervical epidural space is needed. However, careful attention is required for this cervical epidural procedure due to a possibility of serious complications such as spinal cord infarction and quadriplegia due to blood vessel damage, convulsion due to an intravascular drug administration, cerebral infarction due to vascular embolism, subdural or subarachnoid injection, hematoma, and spinal cord injury. Although the use of fluoroscopy improves the safety and accuracy of cervical epidural access, this technique still has significant drawbacks, such as false loss of resistance and difficulty in assessing the depth of the needle tip in lateral views in relation to the epidural space. To overcome this issue, cervical epidural access using the contralateral oblique (CLO) view has been introduced and the ideal angle of CLO view for the cervical spine is reported as 50 degrees.

However, it has not been reported on the safety and clinical utility of using the CLO view during cervical epidural access. Therefore, the investigators planned this study to observe the safety and clinical utility of the CLO view at 50 degrees for the cervical epidural block.
Hydroxyurea is genotoxic in a wide range of test systems and is thus presumed to be a human carcinogen. In patients receiving long-term hydroxyurea for myeloproliferative disorders, such as polycythemia vera and thrombocythemia, secondary leukemia has been reported. It is unknown whether this leukemogenic effect is secondary to hydroxyurea or is associated with the patient’s underlying disease. Skin cancer has also been reported in patients receiving long-term hydroxyurea. 

Conventional long-term studies to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of hydroxyurea have not been performed. However, intraperitoneal administration of 125 to 250 mg/kg hydroxyurea (about 0.6 to 1.2 times the maximum recommended human oral daily dose on a mg/m2 basis) thrice weekly for 6 months to female rats increased the incidence of mammary tumors in rats surviving to 18 months compared to control. Hydroxyurea is mutagenic in vitro to bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and mammalian cells. Hydroxyurea is clastogenic in vitro (hamster cells, human lymphoblasts) and in vivo (SCE assay in rodents, mouse micronucleus assay). Hydroxyurea causes the transformation of rodent embryo cells to a tumorigenic phenotype.
PURPOSE:To obtain the water soluble soft capsule which dissolves in a cold aq. soln. of <=35 deg.C by mixing polypeptide gelatin and modified gelatin and adding materials which impart resilience and water holdability thereto. CONSTITUTION:The modified gelatin formed by substituting the amino group in the gelatin with an org. acid at about 30 to 100% is used. The polypeptide gelatin which is formed by hydrolyzing the amino group in the gelatin molecule and has <=15000mol.wt. is used. The base material which is soluble in cold water and can be made into soft capsules is obtd. by mixing 90 to 60wt.% modified gelatin and 10 to 40wt.% polypeptide gelatin. About 30 to 60wt.% glycerin, about 5 to 20wt.% sorbit and about 5 to 40wt.% 'Macrogol(R)' (triethylene-glycol-TEG), etc., are added thereto to impart the resilience and water retainability thereto. The water soluble soft capsule which is harmless and is easily soluble in the cold aq. soln. of <=35 deg.C is obtd. in this way.
In recent studies, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been associated with a high risk of ischemic heart disease. This study aimed to investigate a genetic variant within a specific gene associated with myocardial infarction (MI) among patients with NAFLD. We included 57,205 participants from a Korean genome and epidemiology study. The baseline population consisted of 45,400 individuals, with 11,805 identified as patients with NAFLD. Genome-wide association studies were conducted for three groups: the entire sample, the healthy population, and patients with NAFLD. We defined the p-value < 1 × 10-5 as the nominal significance and the p-value < 5 × 10-2 as statistically significant for the gene-by-nutrient interaction. Among the significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), the lead SNP of each locus was further analyzed. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 1529 participants (2.8%) had experienced MI. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association of 102 SNPs across nine loci. Nine SNPs (rs11891202, rs2278549, rs13146480, rs17293047, rs184257317, rs183081683, rs1887427, rs146939423, and rs76662689) demonstrated an association with MI in the group with NAFLD Notably, the MI-associated SNP, rs134146480, located within the SORCS2 gene, known for its role in secreting insulin in islet cells, showed the most significant association with MI (p-value = 2.55 × 10-7). Our study identifies candidate genetic polymorphisms associated with NAFLD-related MI. These findings may serve as valuable indicators for estimating MI risk and for conducting future investigations into the underlying mechanisms of NAFLD-related MI.
The invention relates to the field of virology , more in particular to the field of vaccine production, more specifically to the in vitro propagation of virus, more specifically to the adaptation of virus to a cell line. <??>The invention provides a method to determine the capability of an arterivirus to replicate in a green monkey cell line, comprising determining the amino acids at positions, which correspond to the amino acid positions 75-107 of GP2a of PRRSV isolate I-1102, more specifically amino acid position 88 and/or amino acid position 95 of said GP2a. The invention further discloses a method to produce arterivirus in green monkey cell line wherein the virulence of said arterivirus is maintained, with increased virus yield. <??>The invention further provides a method to determine the attenuation of an arterivirus, comprising determining the amino acids at positions, which correspond to the amino acid positions 121-148 of GP5 of PRRSV isolate I-1102, more specifically amino acid 136 of said GP5 and/or determining the amino acids at positions, which correspond to the amino acid positions 651-675 and/or amino acid positions 2331-2355 of ORF1ab of PRRSV isolate I-1102, more specifically amino acid 663 and/or 2343 of said ORF1ab. The invention also provides a method to attenuate the virulence of said arterivirus by changing said amino acids.
Patients receive capecitabine PO BID on days 1-14 and temozolomide PO once QD on days 10-14. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The invention discloses honeysuckle freshly-squeezed freeze drying powder decoction pieces and a preparation process thereof. According to the process, after being harvested, honeysuckle is selected and washed, the honeysuckle is squeezed while the honeysuckle is fresh, and medicine juice is filtered. Water is added to medicine residues and stirred, and the medicine residues are filtered and squeezed. The obtained medicine juice is combined and then undergoes pressure reduction and concentration and freeze drying. Condensate is concentrated to separate volatile oil, and is mixed with freeze drying objects to be screened and bagged. The honeysuckle powder decoction pieces prepared through the process preserve active ingredients to be largest extent. The decoction pieces are convenient to store and transport, convenient to adjust, controllable in quality and reliable in curative effect, and are of great significance for guaranteeing clinical effects of traditional Chinese medicines. The promotion and implementation of the process have remarkable social significance and economical benefits.
The invention discloses a sandwich outer membrane protein display vector and an escherichia coli vaccine prepared by applying the same. The invention provides two fusion proteins which are fusion protein A or fusion protein B. The fusion protein A comprises the following segments from the N-end to the C-end sequentially: a segment A consisting of amino acid residues at first to 136<th> positions from the N tail end of a sequence 2 in a sequence table; a segment B consisting of amino acid residues at 512<th> to 634<th> positions from the N tail end of the sequence 2 in the sequence table; and a segment C consisting of amino acid residues at 635<th> to 726<th> positions of the sequence 2 in the sequence table. The fusion protein B is obtained by inserting a heterologous protein between the segment A and the segment B of the fusion protein A. When encoding genes of the fusion proteins disclosed by the invention are inducted into bacteria, recombinant bacteria can be obtained. A ghost of the recombinant bacteria can be used as the bacterial vaccine. The bacterial vaccine does not contain a genome of the bacteria, but contains the fusion proteins, is safe and has excellent effect.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Tumour microenvironment heterogeneity among different organs can influence immunotherapy responses. Here, we evaluated the impact of differential organ-specific responses on survival in patients with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atezo/Bev).
METHODS: We retrospectively analysed 366 consecutive patients with advanced-stage HCC treated with Atezo/Bev as first-line systemic treatment. Therapeutic response was assessed using RECIST v1.1. Patients were divided into an intention-to-treat (ITT) group (patients treated with ≥1 dose of Atezo/Bev) and a per-protocol (PP) analysis group (patients with at least one measurable lesion irrespective of location treated with ≥3 doses of Atezo/Bev). Overall response and organ-specific response at initial and best response were evaluated in the PP group. Responders were defined as patients achieving complete remission or partial response. Initial progressors were defined as patients with progressive disease after three doses of Atezo/Bev.
RESULTS: The ITT and PP groups comprised 324 and 236 patients, respectively. In the PP group, the organ-specific response rate of lung and lymph node (LN) metastases at both initial and best responses were higher than those of intrahepatic lesions and macrovascular tumour thrombosis. Lung and LN-specific response rates were 21.1% and 23.5%, respectively, at initial response, and 24.7% and 31.4%, respectively, at best response. Both initial pulmonary and lymphatic progressors (adjusted hazard ratios [95% confidence intervals], 6.37 [2.10-19.3], and 8.36 [2.16-32.4], respectively) were independently associated with survival regardless of intrahepatic response.
CONCLUSIONS: The response of metastatic HCC to the Atezo/Bev regimen may be used to determine whether to continue treatment or switch to second-line treatment at an early phase of therapy.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To identify factors associated with disc/retina deterioration in stereo fundus photographs preceding that of the visual field (VF), as determined with a Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA) (Structure First deterioration) and factors associated with the latter preceding the former (Field First deterioration) in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) with lower normal intraocular pressure (IOP).
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Prospective cohort study. Ninety eyes of 90 patients with OAG and a baseline IOP < 15 mmHg participated in a 5-year prospective study without treatment. IOP measurements and HFA 24-2 Swedish Interactive Test Algorithm Standard tests were performed every 3 months, and fundus photographs were obtained every 6 months. VF deterioration was determined by Guided Progression Analysis and deterioration of disc/retina was determined on stereophotographs by an independent committee. A multivariable Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify factors associated with Structure First deterioration, and with Field First deterioration.
RESULTS: The average baseline age and mean deviation were 53.9 ± 9.8 years and -2.8 ± 2.8 dB, respectively. During the 5-year follow-up, the probability of Field First deterioration was 49% ± 6.6% (standard error) and that of Structure First deterioration was 33% ± 6.4% (P = 0.062, log-rank test). Disc hemorrhage (DH) prior to the event (P = 0.006) was associated with Structure First deterioration, and older age was associated with Field First deterioration (P = 0.040).
CONCLUSIONS: In OAG eyes with lower normal IOP, DH was significantly associated with Structure First deterioration, and age was significantly associated with Field First deterioration.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a ginseng-monkshood-salvia miltiorrhiza freeze-dried oral preparation, and relates to a preparation method of an oral preparation, and the ginseng-monkshood-salvia miltiorrhiza freeze-dried oral preparation is used for solving the existing problems that common Western medicines in the existing market are high in side effect, traditional Chinese medicine injection is subjected to a certain restriction due to inconvenient use, and other dosage forms such as tablet and granule are slow to absorb. The preparation method comprises the following steps: I, preparing a red ginseng extracting solution; II, preparing a monkshood extracting solution; III, preparing a salvia miltiorrhiza extracting solution; IV, mixing the red ginseng extracting solution, the monkshood extracting solution and the salvia miltiorrhiza extracting solution, and freeze-drying a clear paste by virtue of a freeze-drying technology to obtain the ginseng-monkshood-salvia miltiorrhiza freeze-dried oral preparation. The novel oral freeze-dried preparation disclosed by the invention is used for treating chronic cardiac failure and is capable of meeting urgent clinical needs. The preparation preserves experience accumulation of traditional medicines to the greatest extent. The preparation method is simple in three medicine extracting processes, relatively high in extract purity, low in impurity content, high in safety, more uniform and stable in medicine quality and applicable to industrial production. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is applicable to field of preparation of oral preparation.
Lifetime oral carcinogenicity studies were conducted in CD-1 mice and Sprague-Dawley rats. Pilocarpine did not induce tumors in mice at any dosage studied (up to 30 mg/kg/day, which yielded a systemic exposure approximately 50 times larger than the maximum systemic exposure observed clinically). In rats, a dosage of 18 mg/kg/day, which yielded a systemic exposure approximately 100 times larger than the maximum systemic exposure observed clinically, resulted in a statistically significant increase in the incidence of benign pheochromocytomas in both males and females, and a statistically significant increase in the incidence of hepatocellular adenomas in female rats. The tumorigenicity observed in rats was observed only at a large multiple of the maximum labeled clinical dose, and may not be relevant to clinical use. 

No evidence that pilocarpine has the potential to cause genetic toxicity was obtained in a series of studies that included:   
1) bacterial assays (Salmonella and E. coli) for reverse gene mutations; 2) an in vitro chromosome aberration assay in a Chinese hamster ovary cell line; 3) an in vivo chromosome aberration assay (micronucleus test) in mice; and 4) a primary DNA damage assay (unscheduled DNA synthesis) in rat hepatocyte primary cultures. 

Oral administration of pilocarpine to male and female rats at a dosage of 18 mg/kg/day, which yielded a systemic exposure approximately 100 times larger than the maximum systemic exposure observed clinically, resulted in impaired reproductive function, including reduced fertility, decreased sperm motility, and morphologic evidence of abnormal sperm. It is unclear whether the reduction in fertility was due to effects on male animals, female animals, or both males and females. In dogs, exposure to pilocarpine at a dosage of 3 mg/kg/day (approximately 3 times the maximum recommended human dose when compared on the basis of body surface area (mg/m2) estimates) for six months resulted in evidence of impaired spermatogenesis. The data obtained in these studies suggest that pilocarpine may impair the fertility of male and female humans. Pilocarpine hydrochloride tablets should be administered to individuals who are attempting to conceive a child only if the potential benefit justifies potential impairment of fertility.