anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Antiviral therapy with nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) has revolutionized the management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in the last two decades.1 Entecavir (ETV), a nucleoside analogue, is one of the first-line NAs recommended by all international treatment guidelines.2-4 As hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance rarely occurs, most patients require long-term, if not life-long, NA therapy. Hence, the safety of NAs requires careful scrutiny. In clinical trials, nephrotoxicity may occur in a small proportion of patients receiving nucleotide analogues. We previously demonstrated that tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) was associated with mild renal impairment in a minority of patients; those treated with entecavir (ETV) had a similar risk compared to untreated patients.5

Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), a novel prodrug of tenofovir (TFV), has been approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. TAF has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of HBV replication at a low dose, with high intracellular concentration and more than 90% lower systemic TFV concentration than tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). TAF has been approved in the clinical practice guidelines in the west. Since its availability in Asia in 2017, there have been evolving data concerning its positive impact on renal safety as shown in registration trials.
Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are very important for heart disease diagnosis. In this paper, a novel early prediction method based on Nested Long Short-Term Memory (Nested LSTM) is developed for sudden cardiac death risk detection. First, wavelet denoising and normalization techniques are utilized for reliable reconstruction of ECG signals from extreme noise conditions. Then, a nested LSTM structure is adopted, which can guide the memory forgetting and memory selection of ECG signals, so as to improve the data processing ability and prediction accuracy of ECG signals. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, four different models with different signal prediction techniques are used for comparison. The extensive experimental results show that this method can realize an accurate prediction of the cardiac beat's starting point and track the trend of ECG signals effectively. This study holds significant value for timely intervention for patients at risk of sudden cardiac death.
PURPOSE: Sangbaipi decoction (SBPD), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, has been widely used to treat acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), while the underlying pharmacological mechanism remains unclear due to the complexity of composition.
METHODS: A TCM-active ingredient-drug target network of SBPD was constructed utilizing the TCM-Systems-Pharmacology database. AECOPD-relevant proteins were gathered from Gene Cards and the Online-Mendelian-Inheritance-in-Man database. Protein-protein interaction, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the targets from the intersection of SBPD and AECOPD targets were performed to identify the core signaling pathway, followed by molecular docking verification of its interaction with active ingredients. The network pharmacology results were checked using in-vivo experiments. To induce AECOPD, rats were exposure to combined tobacco smoke and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Then rats underwent gavage with stigmasterol (SM) after successful modeling. The involvement of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling was investigated using its inhibitor, LY294002. Lung function and histopathology were examined. The levels of inflammatory cytokines in the lung and serum were assessed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blot and/or Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
RESULTS: SM was recognized as an active ingredient of SBPD and stably bound to Akt1. SM improved lung function and histological abnormalities, concomitant with suppressed PI3K/Akt signaling, downregulated lung and serum Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels and serum transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) levels and upregulated lung and serum Interleukin 10 (IL-10) levels in AECOPD rats. In AECOPD rats, LY294002 restored lung function, and it also improved lung histological abnormalities and inflammation, which was found to be potentiated by SM.
CONCLUSION: SM targets PI3K/Akt signaling to reduce lung injury and inflammation in AECOPD rats.
BACKGROUND: The burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is high in the Northern Territory (NT), Australia. This study aims to describe the healthcare use and associated costs of people at risk of CKD (e.g. acute kidney injury, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease) or living with CKD in the NT, from a healthcare funder perspective.
METHODS: We included a retrospective cohort of patients at risk of, or living with CKD, on 1 January 2017. Patients on kidney replacement therapy were excluded from the study. Data from the Territory Kidney Care database, encompassing patients from public hospitals and primary health care services across the NT was used to conduct costing. Annual healthcare costs, including hospital, primary health care, medication, and investigation costs were described over a one-year follow-up period. Factors associated with high total annual healthcare costs were identified with a cost prediction model.
RESULTS: Among 37,398 patients included in this study, 23,419 had a risk factor for CKD while 13,979 had CKD (stages 1 to 5, not on kidney replacement therapy). The overall mean (± SD) age was 45 years (± 17), and a large proportion of the study cohort were First Nations people (68%). Common comorbidities in the overall cohort included diabetes (36%), hypertension (32%), and coronary artery disease (11%). Annual healthcare cost was lowest in those at risk of CKD (AUD$7,958 per person) and highest in those with CKD stage 5 (AUD$67,117 per person). Inpatient care contributed to the majority (76%) of all healthcare costs. Predictors of increased total annual healthcare cost included more advanced stages of CKD, and the presence of comorbidities. In CKD stage 5, the additional cost per person per year was + $53,634 (95%CI 32,769 to 89,482, p < 0.001) compared to people in the at risk group without CKD.
CONCLUSION: The total healthcare costs in advanced stages of CKD is high, even when patients are not on dialysis. There remains a need for effective primary prevention and early intervention strategies targeting CKD and related chronic conditions.
The invention includes methods of increasing the volume of a fiber by applying to the fiber a chitosan cross linked with or complexed to an aldehyde-bearing compound, and a polyanion. The fiber is then dried forming a chitosan polyelectrolyte complex on the hair that increases the dimension of the fiber. The fiber may be wet prior to application and may be a mammalian hair. Also included are method of semi-perm anently altering the structure of hair that includes topically applying to hair a chitosan cross linked with or complexed to an aldehyde-bearing compound, and a polyanion. Also contemplated within the scope of the invention is a hair care polyelectrolyte complex that includes a chitosan cross linked with or complexed to an aldehyde-bearing compound, and a polyanion. Systems for hair treatment are also encompassed within the scope of the invention and include at least two formulations: a first formulation comprising a chitosan cross linked with or complexed to an aldehyde-bearing compound, and a second formulation comprising a polyanion. Such systems may be included in hair care kits.
After being informed about the study and potential risks, participants will complete online screening assessments. Those who are determined to be eligible via online screening will complete a urine drug screen to confirm eligibility. Once eligibility is confirmed, participants will be randomized either to the intervention group or to the wait-list control group. Those who are randomized to the intervention group will receive the 4-week text intervention via smartphone and complete assessments (including urine drug screens) at baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. Those who are randomized to the wait-list control group will only complete the assessments (including urine drug screens) at baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. Participants who are initially assigned to the wait-list control group can choose to receive the text intervention once their 6-month participation is complete.
A prebiotic and probiotic sandwich cookie is described. The prebiotic and probiotic sandwich cookie includes at least two biscuits and a crème filing sandwiched between two of the at least two biscuits. Each of the at least two biscuits includes a polyphenol, a resistant starch, and a prebiotic soluble fiber. The crème filling comprises another resistant starch, a vegetable fat, and spores of a probiotic bacterium. The prebiotic and probiotic sandwich cookie and the crème filing fails to contain refined sugars, synthetic vitamins, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), artificial sweeteners, and artificial preservatives. Consumption of the prebiotic and probiotic sandwich cookie increases at least one of  Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Bacillus coagulans, Collinsella aerofaciens, Hippurate, Erysipelotrichia , and  Streptophyta  in a consumer.
PURPOSE: To provide an apparatus which can perform controlled release of an active agent, especially biologically active agent as required. CONSTITUTION: A polymeric apparatus for controlled release of an active agent comprizing a polymer and the active agent incorporated in the polymer wherein the polymer has a glass transition temp. being higher than the storing temp. of the apparatus and around the temp. for releasing the active agent and release of the active agent is not substantially generated through the polymer at a lower temp. than the glass transition temp. and an effective amt. of the active agent is released at a higher temp. than the glass transition temp. of the polymer and a method for controlling release of the active agent from the apparatus are provided.
No training will be given to the control group. In the first interview will be applied data collection tools and will be recorded clinical parameters. Last interview with control group will be held 90 days after first interview. Data collection tools will be applied and clinical parameters will be recorded in last interview. The training booklet will be given also to patients in control group at the end of the research.
Step1. After sedation and conducting local anesthesia with Lidocaine 2% and inserting the edges of the tympanic membrane and inserting the foam gel into the middle ear, amniotic membranes (produced in Iran tissue product) with a thickness of 100 microns on the tympanic membrane and the foam gel embedded. Step2. Under-layered and short-lived foam gel (manufactured by Ethicon Company) smeary with dexamethasone was covered.
Epidural analgesia (pain relief) is an effective treatment for post-surgical acute pain. The factors that determine the effectiveness of pain relief with epidural analgesia have been studied almost exclusively in the lumbar (low back) spaces for obstetrics (childbirth). These factors include the design of the epidural catheter, the type and dose of medications, and the volume of solution used. One of the important issues specific to the catheter design is whether the tip has a one end-hole, or multiple side holes. The number of holes has been suggested to affect the spread of epidural anesthetic over time, especially with low volume solutions. This has been demonstrated in older, stiffer epidural catheter designs, but has not been shown to be true with the newer, flexible epidural catheters.

The thoracic (upper back) epidural analgesia is widely employed for a many types of surgical pain. While the mechanism of pain relief is similar to that in the lumbar space, there may be differences between the two sites. Firstly, thoracic catheters tend to use low volume, high concentration medication solutions, which likely do not spread as effectively. Secondly, the thoracic catheters often need to be used for prolonged periods of time. Whereas the typical obstetric epidural is used for less than 12 hours, the post-surgical catheter is typically required for one to three days (or more). Finally, the thoracic space is narrow, with a thinner thecal sac, which might promote a difference in the spread of epidural solution.

Thoracic epidural analgesia is routinely used to control post-operative pain for a wide variety of surgical procedures. Based on the improved effectiveness of the one end-hole flexible epidural catheter in obstetrics, this design is commonly used in thoracic epidural analgesia. It has been observed that thoracic epidurals are somewhat less effective after a period of time when compared to the effectiveness of labor epidurals. This may be in part due to the inappropriate assumption that the thoracic epidural space of a post-surgical patient is the same as the lumbar space of a parturient.

The investigators seek to determine whether there is a difference in the analgesia provided by a thoracic multi-port epidural catheter when compared to a thoracic uniport epidural catheter as measured by pain scores, medication given for breakthrough pain, and need to add intravenous opioids. As mentioned previously, these catheters have been studied extensively in laboring patients but there is a striking paucity of literature regarding how anesthetic solutions spread in the thoracic epidural spaces of non-pregnant post-surgical patients and how this may be affected by catheter type. If the hypothesis is supported by results, it may change the practice within the study institution, and possibly, on a much larger scale. This study may also provide a foundation for further research into the physiology of the thoracic epidural space, how it differs from the lumbar epidural space, and how a medication solution spreads within this unique space.
The ICOUGH Recovery app v2.0 will be downloaded to participants who have a smartphone and want to use the app after their surgery. These participants will be instructed to use the app daily after their surgery until discharge and to select a care coach. Prior to discharge subjects will complete a questionnaire to assess usability and will participate in a brief recorded interview of their experience using the app. Inpatient post operative complications will be abstracted from medical records.
This is a prospective, interventional study to evaluate efficacy and safety of flexible dose dapoxetine as Premature Ejaculation (PE) Therapy. The total study duration will be 16 weeks, composed of a 2-week pretreatment phase and a 12-week open-label treatment phase, followed by a telephone contact two weeks after Week 12 to follow-up adverse events. At Visit 1 (Screening) standardized assessment tool or patient questionnaires will be used to determine which of those patients with erectile dysfunction/premature ejaculation are eligible to participate in this study. Once enrolled the patient and his partner are expected to attempt sexual intercourse a minimum of 2 times (at least 24 hours apart) and to complete a Baseline Event Log. Starting at Visit 2 (Baseline), the patient (and partner) will complete the Premature Ejaculation Profile (PEP) at the beginning of every treatment visit for the duration of the study. Patients will be started on study drug instructed to take 1 tablet of dapoxetine 30 mg, as needed, 1 to 3 hours prior to sexual activity. The need for adjustments in the dose of dapoxetine, as well as to assess the occurrence of adverse events and concomitant therapy use will be assessed approximately every 4 weeks. Patients will complete Treatment Event Logs during each dosing throughout the open-label treatment phase. Patients who have their dose increased to 60 mg, will be scheduled for a telephone consultation 1 week after to determine how the dose change is tolerated. At Visit 5 (Final Visit/Week 12/Early Termination), the patients and partners will complete several standardized assessment questionnaires have all final visit procedures performed and schedule a telephone follow up contact to evaluate any adverse events. The starting dose of dapoxetine is 30 mg (one 30-mg tablet), taken approximately 1 to 3 hours prior to sexual activity. The dose may be increased after 4 weeks to 60 mg taken. The maximum recommended dosing frequency is once every 24 hours.
This study assessed musical scene analysis (MSA) performance and subjective quality ratings of multi-track mixes as a function of spectral manipulations using the EQ-transform (% EQT). This transform exaggerates or reduces the spectral shape changes in a given track with respect to a relatively flat, smooth reference spectrum. Data from 30 younger normal hearing (yNH) and 23 older hearing-impaired (oHI) participants showed that MSA performance was robust to changes in % EQT. However, audio quality ratings elicited from yNH participants were more sensitive to % EQT than those of oHI participants. A significant positive correlation between MSA performance and quality ratings among oHI showed that oHI participants with better MSA performances gave higher-quality ratings, whereas there was no significant correlation for yNH listeners. Overall, these data indicate the complementary virtue of measures of MSA and audio quality ratings for assessing the suitability of music mixes for hearing-impaired listeners.
The device (1) has a recording unit (3) for recording a time-clock data associated to an event such as intake of medicine and/or physical or psychological occurrence e.g. specific pain. Another recording unit (4) records another time-clock data associated at a level of person state such as physical and/or psychological state. A transmission unit (5) transmits a vibrator, sound and/or visual type warning signal. The units are connected to a control unit having a clock to record the data in a flash memory type data storage unit and to transmit the signal to a determined moment. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a system comprising a pillbox (2) a method for monitoring an insane person with pathology.
Subjects with COPD exacerbation will be divided two groups. Group-1 will exercise with a bicycle ergometer until fatigue in addition to pulmonary rehabilitation. Group-2 will do the same exercises. Subjects in Group-2 will use virtual reality simulation, which is designed as cycling in the forest while cycling. Treatment will continue until discharge. CAT score, mMRC dyspnea score, hospital anxiety and depression score and London chest daily living activity score will be examined before and after treatment.
The study will introduce the ExoAtlet II exoskeleton to SCI patients with lower extremity paralysis (partial or complete) and provide rehabilitative standing and walking intervention. The study will be conducted with a trained clinician that will fit each patient into the adjustable exoskeleton system and provide customized programming to meet each user's specific needs. The training program will be initiated based upon each patient's comfort in the exoskeleton and ability to stand with assistance. Each patient will be closely monitored to assess ongoing health as well as their individual standing and walking ability. All exoskeleton sessions will be performed with a trained medical professional controlling the exoskeleton. Patient safety is the primary concern and all adverse events will be documented and addressed. This study will evaluate the ExoAtlet 2.0 exoskeleton for safety and effectiveness of providing persons with a spinal cord injury (SCI) who are non-ambulatory or have limited ambulatory function, the ability to stand up and walk in a clinical facility.
The experimental group intervened a Bonus Winner Mahjong developed by Bonus Winner Online Entertainment Co., Ltd. The participants in experimental group played three times a week, each time requiring at least lasting 30 minutes, for half of a year.
With the advent of antiretroviral therapy, death due to opportunistic diseases have seen a major decline among patients with HIV. However, several antiretroviral medications, in particular protease inhibitors (PI), have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk in large cohort studies. The role of inflammation in cardiovascular risk is currently being elucidated. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) has been identified as a strong independent predictor of cardiovascular disease among healthy individuals in several large cohort studies. Other inflammatory biomarkers such as serum amyloid A (SAA) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) have also been correlated with cardiovascular risk. Among patients with HIV, studies have revealed inappropriate immune activation with increased pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-10, interferon-γ (IFN- γ), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The effects of this immune dysregulation and the impact of antiretroviral therapy on the cytokines and biomarkers associated with cardiovascular risk remain to be delineated.

Objective: Our aims are to characterize the levels of inflammatory biomarkers at the time of antiretroviral initiation, to define the time period over which the biomarkers change and stabilize, and to determine if the type of antiretroviral drug class used has an impact on the rate of alteration of these biomarkers. Given the disparate cardiovascular risk between women and men of similar age groups, we will study the additional impact of gender on these biomarkers. We will also explore whether there is a correlation between change of CD4 T-lymphocyte counts and the response of the biomarkers.
Treatment will be Atezolizumab administered at 1200 mg IV every 3 weeks. A cycle is defined as 3 weeks of therapy. Therapy will continue until disease progression, intolerable toxicities or death for a maximum duration of treatment of 36 cycles.
BACKGROUND: This study reports the minimum 10 years results of total hip arthroplasty (THA) performed using a monoblock acetabular component with a large-diameter head ceramic-on-ceramic bearing.
METHODS: Of the 276 THAs included in this study, there were eleven deaths and 27 patients lost to follow up (11%) during the follow-up, leaving 237 (85%) hips available for review at a mean of 10.5 years (range, 10 to 12) postoperatively. Reoperations, implant revisions, adverse events, clinical outcomes, radiographic evaluation, and whole blood metal ion levels were assessed at the last follow-up.
RESULTS: After a minimum of 10 years, implant survivorship was 98.7%. There were 3 revisions (1.3%): one for insufficient acetabular cup primary fixation, one traumatic periprosthetic acetabular fracture, and one probable deep chronic infection. No dislocation or ceramic implant fracture was observed. The mean University of California at Los Angeles activity score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score, and Forgotten Joint Score were 5.6 (2 to 10), 90.1 (9 to 100), and 79.2 (4 to 100), respectively. All patients (100%) were satisfied or very satisfied. Since implantation, 43% of patients reported hearing a squeaking noise from the prosthesis. But all patients who reported squeaking were satisfied with the surgery. The mean titanium level was 2.2 μg/L (1.1 to 5.6). No progressive radiolucent lines, osteolysis, or implant loosening signs were observed at the last radiographic evaluation.
CONCLUSIONS: A large-diameter head ceramic-on-ceramic THA provides outstanding long-term (minimum 10 years) implant survivorship with unrestricted activity while avoiding implant impingement, liner fracture, and hip instability. Functional outcomes, satisfaction, and joint perception were excellent. Although the incidence of squeaking was high, it did not affect patient satisfaction or function. The systemic titanium levels were low, related to unavoidable passive corrosion of implant surfaces, and did not reveal any indirect signs of trunnionosis.