anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Immune dysregulation and metabolic derangement have been recognized as key factors that contribute to the progression of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). However, the mechanisms underlying immune and metabolic derangement in patients with advanced HBV-ACLF are unclear.
AIM: To identify the bioenergetic alterations in the liver of patients with HBV-ACLF causing hepatic immune dysregulation and metabolic disorders.
METHODS: Liver samples were collected from 16 healthy donors (HDs) and 17 advanced HBV-ACLF patients who were eligible for liver transplantation. The mitochondrial ultrastructure, metabolic characteristics, and immune microenvironment of the liver were assessed. More focus was given to organic acid metabolism as well as the function and subpopulations of macrophages in patients with HBV-ACLF.
RESULTS: Compared with HDs, there was extensive hepatocyte necrosis, immune cell infiltration, and ductular reaction in patients with ACLF. In patients, the liver suffered severe hypoxia, as evidenced by increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. Swollen mitochondria and cristae were observed in the liver of patients. The number, length, width, and area of mitochondria were adaptively increased in hepatocytes. Targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation decreased, while anaerobic glycolysis was enhanced in patients with HBV-ACLF. These findings suggested that, to a greater extent, hepa-tocytes used the extra-mitochondrial glycolytic pathway as an energy source. Patients with HBV-ACLF had elevated levels of chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 in the liver homogenate, which stimulates peripheral monocyte infiltration into the liver. Characterization and functional analysis of macrophage subsets revealed that patients with ACLF had a high abundance of CD68+ HLA-DR+ macrophages and elevated levels of both interleukin-1β and transforming growth factor-β1 in their livers. The abundance of CD206+ CD163+ macrophages and expression of interleukin-10 decreased. The correlation analysis revealed that hepatic organic acid metabolites were closely associated with macrophage-derived cytokines/chemokines.
CONCLUSION: The results indicated that bioenergetic alteration driven by hypoxia and mitochondrial dysfunction affects hepatic immune and metabolic remodeling, leading to advanced HBV-ACLF. These findings highlight a new therapeutic target for improving the treatment of HBV-ACLF.
Patients receive palbociclib as in Arm I. Patients also receive dexamethasone PO QD or IV over 15-30 minutes on days 1-4 and 15-18 beginning on cycle 2. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
This is a double-blind clinical trial that will include all admitted patients with acute bronchiolitis, meeting inclusion criteria, admitted in Pediatrics department Combined Military Hospital Nowshera. Patients will be divided into two groups randomly. Group I patients will be nebulized with drug adrenaline every 6 hours and group II patients will be nebulized with hypertonic saline every 6 hours. After 24 hours and 48 hours of nebulization, researchers will record WDF score by measuring respiratory rate, heart rate, chest retractions, chest auscultation findings and SPO₂ levels. All data will be recorded on a research Performa including length of hospital stay. Data will be entered on SPSS to calculate results. Independent sample t-test was used to measure the effect of two drugs on the length of hospital stay and improvement of respiratory score with a 95% confidence interval. P value less than 0.05 will be considered as significant.
Older adults (65+) with impairments in vision but without hearing impairment. This groups will receive regular standard of low vision rehabilitation care and will be followed for the study period (1 year), measured at 6 months intervals.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of fenfluramine (FFA) in routine clinical practice treating real-world populations with Dravet syndrome (DS) and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS).
METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of patients with DS or LGS who initiated FFA treatment from 2018 to 2022 at a single center. Patient demographics, medical history, seizure characteristics, and treatment outcomes were collected from electronic medical records. Duration of FFA treatment, dosage regimens, seizure frequency, seizure severity, improvements in cognitive, social, and motor outcomes, and adverse events were extracted and analyzed. Effectiveness was assessed using ≥50 % sustained reduction in monthly seizure frequency vs baseline for ≥2 consecutive months at 12 months; seizure freedom was a secondary measure.
RESULTS: Seizure frequency data was available for 56 of 68 patients included in the study. At 12 months, 50 patients (89.3 %) remained on FFA treatment; 58 % of these patients achieved a ≥50 % sustained response and 10 % experienced seizure freedom. Cognitive, motor, and social improvement were noted in 70.7 %, 36.2 %, and 27.6 % of patients, respectively. The total number of concomitant antiseizure medications was reduced by ≥1 in 29.4 % of patients. No differences were found between DS and LGS patients in these outcomes; age at start of FFA and age at the 12-month timepoint did not have an effect. At least one AE was experienced by 59.7% of patients; in 86.5% of the cases, AEs were plausibly related to treatment. While 70.3% of AEs were self-resolving and 81.8% of the remaining patients experienced mild AEs, 1 patient experienced a serious AE unrelated to FFA which resulted in the patient's death. There were no cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension or ventricular heart disease.
SIGNIFICANCE: The effectiveness and tolerability of FFA treatment in patients with DS or LGS in this retrospective analysis of real-world data were consistent with those seen in randomized clinical trials.
Analysis of magnetic resonance (MR) images for identifying objects such as organs and radioactive seeds is improved through image pre-processing and post-processing techniques. With pre-processing, MR image data is analyzed to identify a set of biased image units. The image unit may be a voxel or a pixel. These biased image units are removed and replaced with image units having a random distribution centered around a specified value. The replacement image units approximate noise and reduce bias that may affect the image analysis. The post-processing techniques involve handling the results of multiple machine learning models. Each image unit is evaluated by multiple machine learning models. The probability of the image unit as corresponding to a particular object based on all machine learning models is determined. The particular object may be displayed based on the determined probability.
Seventy children with childhood anxiety disorders (CADs) or obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and a parent will be recruited to test the Phase II VR system with a randomized controlled mixed methods study. Participants will be identified through the Mayo Clinic Pediatric Anxiety Disorders Clinic (PADC). Participants will be randomly assigned to home exposure practice with or without the VR system, i.e., intervention or control, respectively. All participants in the study will participate in an introductory session in which participants complete two exposures related to content from their fear ladder, one with the VR system and analogous imaginal exposure. Each family will receive instructions for how to use the Mayo Clinic Anxiety Coach tablet app to record exposures during home practice. Participants will then be assigned one week of daily exposure homework for the intervention and control conditions. Participants randomized to the intervention condition will take home the VR system for homework completion and participants assigned to control will be instructed to complete imaginal exposures. One week after the introductory session, all participants will return for a session in which participants complete both types of exposure. Participants will also be assigned to a third generalization exposure, i.e., an exposure related to the baseline exposure that is higher on the fear ladder, to complete at their next anxiety clinic treatment sessions. SUDS ratings for each type of exposure will be recorded electronically via the Mayo Clinic Anxiety Coach. During the follow up session, an independent interviewer will observe participants' engagement during exposure and will interview participants and their parents about their experience with both types of exposure.
PURPOSE: Muscle ultrasound has emerged as a promising method in the diagnostic work-up of sarcopenia. The objective of this scoping review was to explore the validity of muscle ultrasound against the latest sarcopenia definitions among older adults.
METHODS: We adhered to the PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews. A systematic search of databases was performed by two independent reviewers. All articles comparing the performance of ultrasound to an internationally acknowledged sarcopenia definition among older adults (≥60 years) and published between 2019/01/01 (the year updated sarcopenia definitions were introduced) and 2023/11/15 were included. Data were extracted and collated by muscle and muscle parameters.
RESULTS: Out of 2290 articles screened, six studies comprising 24 validity tests among a total of 1619 older adults (mean age 74.1 years, 52.2% female) were included. The validity tests investigated the rectus femoris (n = 7), biceps brachii (n = 5), gastrocnemius medialis (n = 4), tibialis anterior (n = 4), soleus (n = 3), and rectus abdominis (n = 1). The parameter muscle thickness (MT) (n = 14) was most commonly measured. The latest European and Asian sarcopenia definitions (EWGSOP2, AWGS2) were applied as reference standards in four validity tests each. None of the studies used the Sarcopenia Definition and Outcome Consortium (SDOC) criteria. The highest area under the curve AUC (0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.89-0.94) was found for the muscle thickness of the rectus femoris muscle. Due to substantial heterogeneity among the studies, pooling of data using a meta-analytic approach was not feasible.
CONCLUSION: Limited number of studies have examined the validity of muscle ultrasound for diagnosing sarcopenia based on recent definitions among older adults. Thereby, muscle thickness of the rectus femoris showed promising results regarding validity. Further studies are needed to investigate the validity of key muscles and to validate muscle ultrasound among older hospitalized patients.
A system and method for providing medical treatment, such as medication, to a patient. The administration of the medication may include the use of an infusion pump. The system may be implemented in a variety of ways including as a computer program. The computer program accessing information related to the identity of a clinician, the identity of a patient, the identity of a medical treatment, and the identity of a medical device. The computer program determines whether the medical treatment has been previously associated with the patient and whether a plurality of operating parameters for the medical device are consistent with the medical treatment. The computer program also includes logic for providing a first error signal if the medical treatment has not been previously identified with the patient; and a second error signal if the operating parameters for the medical device are not consistent with the medical treatment.
The preschool children in the experimental group will be exposed to interactive classroom instruction, and their parents will be exposed to the Web-based program. In the experimental group, apart from the standard preschool health education curriculum, the preschool children will also be exposed to the interactive activities and quizzes using Web 2.0 tools, educational videos of a healthy lifestyle, sensory-based food education activities, cooking demonstrations, fun, and active games, and exercises. Whereas the parents will be exposed to Web-based healthy lifestyle educational materials, videos, and pictures sharing, quizzes, and communication through the WhatsApp and closed Facebook groups. Besides, a total of 3 messages per week will be delivered to the parents in the experimental group. The messages will be included announcing the release of a new topic, a reminder to log in to the website and read the health information, and a reminder to participate in the online activities.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pharmaceutical composition for treating bone loss by binding to an osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL).SOLUTION: The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for treatment of bone loss which contains an antibody containing H chain and L chain. The H chain comprises a variable region comprising a specific amino acid sequence comprising CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3. The L chain comprises a variable region comprising other specific amino acid sequence comprising CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3. The antibody inhibits osteoclast differentiation induced by binding of OPGL to NF-kB receptor activation substance (ODAR). The bone loss is associated with cartilage reduction and joint erosion due to osteoporosis, Paget's disease, osteomyelitis, hypercalcemia, osteopenia, osteonecrosis, or rheumatism property arthritis. In the pharmaceutical composition, the antibody is a complete human type antibody.
Facial neuromuscular rehabilitation (fNMR) is an evidence-based practice for the treatment of peripheral facial palsy (PFP). Surgical reconstruction can be indicated for patients who demonstrate poor or no recovery to support symmetry, function, and aesthesis. There is paucity of research demonstrating the therapeutic benefit of a multidisciplinary team (MDT) in facial recovery of this specific subpopulation of patients. This article will outline the role of specialist facial therapy in the remediation of PFP, focusing on those who undergo surgical reconstruction to optimize their facial recovery. Case studies are used to demonstrate surgical and therapeutic outcomes as well as the results of a patient survey conducted for a service evaluation. We discuss the role of the MDT in supporting recovery as well as the role of targeted fNMR. The term fNMR is often used interchangeably with facial therapy or facial rehabilitation. We will refer to fNMR as a technique of facial rehabilitation.We aim to demonstrate that an MDT approach to the treatment of people with facial palsy provides positive outcomes for this surgical population and that future research would be beneficial to support this service delivery model.
Subjects 6 months to 3 years of age received if primed, 1 dose of Vaxigrip vaccine at Day 0 and if unprimed, 2 doses of Vaxigrip vaccine at Day 0 and approximately Day 28. The vaccine was administered intramuscularly in the anterolateral part of the thigh (if the subject was less than 12 months) or in the deltoid region of the arm.
Sepsis is characterized by a dysregulated immune response and is very difficult to treat. In the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) mouse model, we show that nanomedicines can effectively alleviate systemic and local septic events by targeting neutrophils. Specifically, by decorating the surface of clinical-stage dexamethasone liposomes with cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD) peptides, we promote their engagement with neutrophils in the systemic circulation, leading to their prominent accumulation at primary and secondary sepsis sites. cRGD-targeted dexamethasone liposomes potently reduce immature circulating neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps in intestinal sepsis induction sites and the liver. Additionally, they mitigate inflammatory cytokines systemically and locally while preserving systemic IL-10 levels, contributing to lower IFN-γ/IL-10 ratios as compared to control liposomes and free dexamethasone. Our strategy addresses sepsis at the cellular level, illustrating the use of neutrophils both as a therapeutic target and as a chariot for drug delivery.
Liver injury is closely related to poor outcomes in sepsis patients. Current studies indicate that sepsis is accompanied by metabolic disorders, especially those related to lipid metabolism. It is highly important to explore the mechanism of abnormal liver lipid metabolism during sepsis. As a key regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism, angiopoietin-like 8 (ANGPTL8) is involved in the regulation of multiple chronic metabolic diseases. In the present study, severe liver lipid deposition and lipid peroxidation were observed in the early stages of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced liver injury. LPS promotes the expression of ANGPTL8 both in vivo and in vitro. Knockout of Angptl8 reduced hepatic lipid accumulation and lipid peroxidation, improved fatty acid oxidation and liver function, and increased the survival rate of septic mice by activating the PGC1α/PPARα pathway. We also found that the expression of ANGPTL8 induced by LPS depends on TNF-α, and that inhibiting the TNF-α pathway reduces LPS-induced hepatic lipid deposition and lipid peroxidation. However, knocking out Angptl8 improved the survival rate of septic mice better than inhibiting the TNF-α pathway. Taken together, the results of our study suggest that ANGPTL8 functions as a novel cytokine in LPS-induced liver injury by suppressing the PGC1α/PPARα signaling pathway. Therefore, targeting ANGPTL8 to improve liver lipid metabolism represents an attractive strategy for the management of sepsis patients.
A method for preparing a target substance in particulate form comprises introducing a solution or suspension of a target substance and a compressed anti-solvent fluid into a particle formation vessel through separate first and second inlets so as to allow the anti-solvent fluid to extract the target substance from the solution or suspension and form particles of the target substance. The compressed anti-solvent fluid is introduced into the particle formation vessel at a sonic, near-sonic or supersonic velocity. The velocity of the anti-solvent fluid may be in the region of Mach 0.8-1.5 and the anti-solvent fluid may be introduced into the particle formation vessel as a single stream through a convergent nozzle. The anti-solvent fluid may be super-critical or near-critical and it may have a temperature and pressure sufficiently higher than the particle formation vessel as to ensure that Joule-Thomson cooling of the anti-solvent fluid as it enters the particle formation vessel does not lower its temperature to a level which affects the particle formation process. There may be two or more fluids carrying two or more target substances which are combined at the point of particle formation. The solution or suspension of the target substance and the anti-solvent fluid may meet, at an angle of 70{-110{, and mix immediately downstream of the point of anti-solvent fluid entry into the particle formation vessel. The particle formation vessel may be agitated. The particles formed may have a mean diameter of less than 1 m and a standard deviation of 2.5 or less. An apparatus suitable for use according to this method comprises a particle formation vessel 1 with first 23 and second 21 inlets, the solution or suspension of the target substance and the compressed anti-solvent fluid entering the particle formation vessel at different points and meeting immediately downstream 22 of the second inlet.
The present invention relates generally to the field of human genetics. Specifically, the present invention relates to methods and materials used to isolate and detect a human tumor suppressor gene, termed RASSF1 herein. More specifically, the invention relates to the analysis of the RASSF1 gene and its use in the diagnosis of predisposition to cancer. The invention also relates to the prophylaxis and/or therapy of cancer associated with the RASSF1 gene. The invention further relates to the screening of drugs for cancer therapy. Finally, the invention relates to the screening of the RASSF1 gene for methylation, loss of heterozygosity or mutations, which are useful for diagnosing the predisposition to cancer.
A method for attaching an implant to tissue is disclosed. In embodiments, a method includes applying a sprayable material to tissue, the sprayable material possessing functional groups capable of binding to tissue. The sprayable material also possesses functional groups capable of binding to an implant. In embodiments, the functional groups capable of binding to an implant include nucleotides. In such a case, the implant possesses complementary nucleotides capable of binding to the nucleotides on the sprayable material, thereby permitting hydrogen binding between the two. The implant may thus be affixed to tissue, and repositioned as necessary, prior to more permanent attachment utilizing means such as sutures, tacks, etc.
Losartan potassium and hydrochlorothiazide tablets contains 2 prescription medicines, an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) and a diuretic (water pill). It is used to: 

  * lower high blood pressure (hypertension). Losartan potassium and hydrochlorothiazide is not usually the first medicine used to treat high blood pressure.
  * lower the chance of stroke in patients with high blood pressure and a heart problem called left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Losartan potassium and hydrochlorothiazide tablets may not help Black patients with this problem. 



Losartan potassium and hydrochlorothiazide tablets has not been studied in children less than 18 years old.

High Blood Pressure (hypertension) Blood pressure is the force in your blood vessels when your heart beats and when your heart rests. You have high blood pressure when the force is too much. The losartan ingredient in losartan potassium and hydrochlorothiazide tablets can help your blood vessels relax so your blood pressure is lower. The hydrochlorothiazide ingredient in losartan potassium and hydrochlorothiazide tablets works by making your kidneys pass more water and salt.

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) is an enlargement of the walls of the left chamber of the heart (the heart’s main pumping chamber). LVH can happen from several things. High blood pressure is the most common cause of LVH.
Intravenous infusion of normal saline over a 40 minute period. second intervention: Intravenous infusion of lidocaine \[5mg/kg\] over a 40 minute period.
A computerized method and system is provided for generating and presenting to a user behavioral insights impacting health outcomes for a person with diabetes. The method comprises scoring responses to one or more patient reported outcome (PRO) survey instruments completed by the user. The scoring generates one or more scores that measures the extent to which the person is experiencing a different social, financial, emotional, or psychological issue. The method also comprises analyzing insulin dosage and/or glucose measurement information to derive adverse health outcomes experienced by the person during a monitored time period. The generated scores and the derived adverse health outcomes are analyzed together to generate one or more behavioral insights that may impact health outcomes for the person. Each behavioral insight may comprise a correlation between one of the derived adverse health outcomes and one or more of the generated scores.