anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Current guidelines recommend anticoagulation alone for low-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) with the addition of systemic thrombolysis for high-risk PE. However, treatment recommendations for intermediate-risk PE are not well-defined. Due to bleeding risks associated with systemic thrombolysis, ultrasound-assisted catheter-directed thrombolysis (USAT) has evolved as a promising treatment modality. USAT is thought to decrease the rate of major bleeding by using localized delivery with lower thrombolytic dosages. Currently, there is little guidance on the implementation of USAT in the real-world clinical setting. This study was designed to evaluate our experience with USAT at this single community hospital with a newly initiated Pulmonary Embolism Response Team (PERT). All patients identified by the PERT with an acute PE diagnosed by a computed tomography (CT) scan from January 2021 to January 2023 were included. During the study period, there were 89 PERT activations with 40 patients (1 high-risk and 37 intermediate-risk PE) receiving USAT with alteplase administered at a fixed rate of 1 mg/h per catheter for 6 h. The primary efficacy outcome was the change in Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) score within 48 h after USAT. The primary safety outcome was major bleeding within 72 h. The mean age was 57.4 ± 17.4 years and 50% (n = 20) were male, 17.5% (n = 7) had active malignancy, and 20% (n = 8) had a history of prior deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or PE. The mean PESI score decreased from baseline to 48 h post-USAT (84.7 vs 74.9; p = 0.025) and there were no major bleeding events. The overall hospital length of stay was 7.5 ± 9.8 days and ICU length of stay was 2.2 ± 2.8 days. This study outlined our experience at this single community hospital which resulted in an improvement in PESI scores and no major bleeding events observed.
Patients in the experimental group received a multimodal treatment intervention consisting of 60 minutes of conventional treatment according to the Bobath approach (Bobath B. Adult hemiplegia: evaluation and treatment. Oxford: Butterworth-Heineman, 1990) followed by 30 minutes of robotic gait training on the Lokomat robotic system with the supervision of an expert rehabilitator. Patients started the first session with 50% weight unload and 1.5 Km/h gait speed, performances increments are allowed only in the following sessions. Each patient received 20 sessions over a period of 4 weeks (5 sessions per week).
Aim 1. We will test our hypothesis that CET will be associated with greater improvements than SST in both the primary outcome: community functioning (SAS, QLS), and the secondary outcomes of neuro- and social cognition (NIH Toolbox, PennCNB, and MSCEIT) and social skills (SSPA). For study Aim 1, we hypothesized that CET will be associated with greater improvements than SST in both the primary outcome: community functioning (SAS, QLS), and the secondary outcomes of neuro- and social cognition (selected NIH Toolbox and Penn CNB measures, and MSCEIT) and social skills (SSPA). Aim 2: We will explore differential effectiveness of the two interventions by baseline cognitive functioning and age. For Aim 2, we hypothesize that patients with less impairment in cognitive functioning at baseline will demonstrate relatively larger treatment gains in SST compared to those in CET than those who are initially more cognitively impaired, and that younger patients will benefit more from CET compared to those in SST than those who are older. The results of this study will address a key knowledge gap in the field and a decisional dilemma for clinicians. A pilot study at four treatment sites will be used to test the feasibility and acceptability of telementalhealth delivery of these two treatments, as compared to in-person delivery.
Risk Summary

Available data with JESDUVROQ use in pregnant women are insufficient to establish a drug associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. There are risks to the mother and the fetus associated with CKD (see Clinical Considerations). Daprodustat administered orally to pregnant rats and rabbits during the period of organogenesis was associated with adverse fetal outcomes, including embryonic and fetal loss and reduced fetal weight, at doses that caused maternal toxicity and polycythemia (see Data). Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to the fetus.

The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.

Clinical Considerations

Disease-Associated Maternal and/or Embryo/Fetal Risk: CKD in pregnancy increases the risk for maternal hypertension, preeclampsia, miscarriage, stillbirth, preterm delivery, low birth weight infants, and polyhydramnios.

Data

Animal Data: Daprodustat was orally administered to pregnant rats at 0.5, 7, or 60 mg/kg/day from gestation day 6 to gestation day 17 during the period of organogenesis. No adverse effects were observed at doses less than or equal to 7 mg/kg/day (3 times the maximum recommended human dose [MRHD] based on body surface area). Daprodustat administration resulted in post-implantation loss, increased embryofetal death, and reduction in skeletal ossification in rats at a dose of 60 mg/kg/day (24 times the MRHD based on body surface area), which was associated with maternal toxicity (reduced body weight gain or weight loss). Maternal toxicity occurred at doses associated with polycythemia.

Daprodustat was orally administered to pregnant rabbits at doses of 4, 30, or 60 mg/kg/day from gestation day 7 until gestation day 19 during the period of organogenesis. No adverse effects were observed at doses less than or equal to 30 mg/kg/day (24 times the MRHD based on body surface area). Daprodustat administration was associated with a low incidence of abortions and fetal skeletal malformations (irregularly shaped anterior fontanelle, manubrium, fused sternal centra, and microphthalmia) at a dose of 60 mg/kg/day (49 times the MRHD based on body surface area) in the presence of maternal toxicity (reduced body weight gain or weight loss) and polycythemia.

In a pre- and postnatal development study, pregnant rats were dosed orally with daprodustat from implantation until weaning (gestation day 6 to lactation day 21) at 0.8, 7, or 40 mg/kg/day concomitantly with 3 major human metabolites of daprodustat. No adverse effects were observed at doses less than or equal to 7 mg/kg/day (3 times the MRHD based on body surface area). Maternal toxicity (in the presence of polycythemia) was noted at 40 mg/kg/day (16 times the MRHD based on body surface area), which was associated with increased pup deaths and decreased pup weights.
Subjects randomized to TAU will be advised to seek help from their family doctor or other sources as they normally would if they encountered symptomatic deterioration or other difficulties over the course of the study. All treatments received over the course of the study (for the TAU group) and outside of the study (for the MBCT group) will be assessed at the 3-month follow up (Visit 3).
SCOPE: The association between a planetary and sustainable EAT-Lancet diet and lung cancer remains inconclusive, with limited exploration of the role of genetic susceptibility and inflammation.
METHODS AND RESULTS: The study includes 175 214 cancer-free participants in the UK Biobank. Fourteen food components are collected from a 24-h dietary recall questionnaire. A polygenic risk score is constructed through capturing the overall risk variants for lung cancer. Sixteen inflammatory biomarkers are assayed in blood samples. Participants with the highest EAT-Lancet diet scores (≥12) have a lower risk of lung cancer incidence (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.51-0.80) and mortality (HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.48-0.88), compared to those with the lowest EAT-Lancet diet scores (≤8). Interestingly, there is a significantly protective trend against both lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma with higher EAT-Lancet diet scores. Despite no significant interactions, a risk reduction trend for lung cancer is observed with increasing EAT-Lancet diet scores and decreasing genetic risk. Ten inflammatory biomarkers partially mediate the association between the EAT-Lancet diet and lung cancer risk.
CONCLUSION: The study depicts a lower risk of lung cancer conferred by the EAT-Lancet diet associated with lower inflammation levels among individuals with diverse genetic predispositions.
Pelvic examination is a common approach to evaluate a woman's external and internal genitalia and pelvic organs. Pelvic examination is usually performed during gynecological health checks; as part of the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of gynecological problems (e.g., sexually transmitted infections, genital cancer, pap smear test); and during perinatal care. Although women usually have a pelvic examination at least once in their lifetime, they avoid having further pelvic examinations due to fear that their privacy may be compromised. Women often experience fear, anxiety, and pain during pelvic examinations. Studies also show that women experience pelvic examinations as uncomfortable, intrusive, embarrassing, humiliating, and upsetting. A study conducted in Turkey reported that women experienced intense anxiety during a pelvic examination and that the most important reason for anxiety was the disruption of privacy. A study conducted in Denmark reported that 75% of women experienced negative emotions during a pelvic examination. Similarly, a study conducted in the Netherlands reported that women felt pain and embarrassment during a pelvic examination, were unable to relax, and were treated disrespectfully. Women may be embarrassed by the exposure of their genitals, a bad smell, or looking dirty during the examination. On the other hand, they may fear that a pathological condition may be discovered. Losing control over their bodies and giving information about their sexual habits are also noteworthy among other reasons for anxiety. Patient-related risk factors for a negative pelvic examination experience include young age, having a male examiner, receiving negative information from peers, previous negative experiences during a pelvic examination, religious and cultural beliefs, and most importantly, a history of sexual trauma. Healthcare provider-related factors that contribute to a negative pelvic examination experience include performing the pelvic examination hastily, insensitively, and without proper explanations. A trusting relationship between the healthcare provider and patients is a mitigating factor to reduce the negative pelvic examination experience. A negative pelvic examination experience may deter women from returning for follow-up tests, thereby reducing the intended benefit of gynecologic screening. For all these reasons, women's experiences with pelvic examinations and related conditions should be taken into account by healthcare services. Although the pelvic examination is relatively brief, cognitive-behavioral interventions that focus or distract the patient's attention have been shown to be effective in reducing pain and anxiety during brief medical interventions. Reducing pain and anxiety during medical procedures is an important factor in patient satisfaction. Although there are many methods of reducing stress, it is thought that the inexpensive and easily accessible anti-stress ball can be used as a method of distraction. In one study, it was determined that the stress ball reduced anxiety and pain during angiography.
Whole Health is a model designed to address multiple patient needs. This includes physical and spiritual wellness, personal surroundings, nutrition, relationships, and mental wellness. The Whole Health approach focuses on improving overall patient wellness and includes increased availability of complementary and alternative medicine services. While some Whole Health work is being done at outpatient facilities, this study seeks to expand and test this approach to the inpatient setting, given the potential Whole Health has for addressing patient wellness.

The goal of this study is to implement and evaluate an inpatient Whole Health Bundle intervention to improve hospitalized patients' well-being. This study will assess if implementing an Inpatient Whole Health Bundle is associated with improved patient-centric outcomes (such as perceptions of the healing environment and patient satisfaction) among hospitalized patients.

This is a quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test trial. The study will be conducted at one Veterans Affairs hospital. Study subjects will be hospitalized patients. The study will be conducted in 2 phases- pre-intervention and intervention. Each study phase will last 2-months on each study unit. During the pre-intervention phase, a sample of patients recently discharged from the hospital will be mailed a study survey. The survey will ask questions about their satisfaction with their hospital stay.

During the intervention phase, patients staying in the hospital will be asked if they would like to participate in the study. Participants will be offered a menu of items and services that could help improve their overall well-being and their hospital stay. Patient will be free to choose or decline any of the items on the menu. A researcher will record which items, if any, a patient selects. Patients in the intervention will be mailed the same study survey as the pre-intervention phase after they are discharged from the hospital. Researchers will compare patient satisfaction responses between patients staying in the hospital during the pre-intervention phase to those who participated in the intervention. A few patients will be asked to participate in a study interview. The interviews are to better understand intervention experiences as well as barriers and facilitators to improving patient satisfaction with their hospital stay. In addition, unit level metrics will be assessed between the pre-intervention and intervention time periods.
Iron deficiency anemia and malaria are urgent public health problems in sub-Saharan Africa, including Tanzania. There is a paucity of good quality randomized trials assessing the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnancy, and its effects on perinatal health outcomes. Prenatal iron supplementation is recommended based on its demonstrated benefit in preventing and treating maternal anemia. There is limited data on the efficacy of iron supplementation on pregnancy outcomes, including birth weight. There are also concerns regarding the use of iron supplementation, particularly among non-anemic women. In particular, there is a lack of research on the safety and efficacy of prenatal iron supplementation in developing regions, characterized by extensive burden of iron deficiency, malaria, and other endemic infectious diseases. Evidence from randomized controlled trials is urgently needed to examine the safety and efficacy of iron supplements among pregnant women in malaria endemic regions, particularly among women who are not anemic.

NOTE: The time frames listed for the maternal malaria and hemoglobin outcomes were updated on 4/22/15. This record initially indicated that maternal malaria anemia and hemoglobin would be measured at several specific time points throughout the study. Instead, maternal malaria was measured throughout pregnancy and hemoglobin was measured only at delivery. Due to an oversight, we did not update this record when this protocol change took effect at the start of the study.
The invention belongs to the technical field of medicine, and relates to a method for screening a medicament for treating brain injury. By researching a <1>H, <15>N heteronuclear single quantum coherence (<1>H, <15>N HSQC) nuclear magnetic resonance fingerprint spectrogram in a PDZ2 structural domain of postsynaptic density -95 (PSD-95), the invention provides a method for screening a small molecular compound combined with the PDZ2 structural domain of the PSD-95. The small molecular compound screened by the method is combined with the PDZ2 structural domain of the PSD-95, so that mutual combination between the PSD-95 and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) or nNOS can be destroyed. The invention also provides a method for screening a small molecular compound for treating ischemic stroke potential. An effective dose of baicalin obtained by screening can be used for treating brain injury caused by ischemia and hypoxia of human brain. The compound screened by the method can also be used for treating diseases related with a PSD-95 PDZ structural domain-mediated signal transmission path, and can also be used as substitution therapy for reducing NMDAR related neurotoxicity injury.
Adult patients (\>18 yrs or older) undergoing instrumented fusion for degenerative lumbar spine disease will be recruited and randomized to receive one of two treatments. The first group will receive an injection of morphine (200mcg) into the intrathecal space at the time of the operation. The second group will receive a saline injection. The pharmacy will prepare the aforementioned injections and deliver them to the operating room to ensure all parties are blinded. Both groups will then have a standardized analgesic regimen (including PCA morphine and parenteral analgesics) available to them in the post-operative period. Each group will be followed at regular intervals post-operatively. At each follow-up, visual analogue pain scores, side effects and narcotic use will be assessed. Patients will also have a daily functional assessment which will dictate the time of discharge. Hospital stay will be measured from time of admission to time where patient no longer requires acute hospital care based on the functional assessment.
A method for treating a dermatopathological skin region or region of skin free of dermatopathology. In one embodiment of the invention, a method is disclosed wherein an amount of at least one photodynamic agent is applied to the skin region and photodynamic therapy (PDT) and radio frequency (RF) are applied. The applied photodynamic agent is allowed to penetrate into the skin; and the region of skin is exposed to light energy so as to generate a biologically active agent in the skin. The method includes use of RF current either prior to, simultaneous with or post PDT. The present invention is the first to utilize the benefits of PDT, IPL, and RF simultaneously. In addition, it is the first to contemplate the use of PDL for the rejuvenation of healthy skin.
Phentermine hydrochloride is a sympathomimetic amine anorectic. Its chemical name is α,α,-dimethylphenethylamine hydrochloride. The structural formula is as follows:

Phentermine hydrochloride is a white, odorless, hygroscopic, crystalline powder, which is soluble in water and lower alcohols, slightly soluble in chloroform and insoluble in ether.

Phentermine hydrochloride capsule USP, an anorectic agent for oral administration, is available as an oral capsule containing 30 mg of phentermine hydrochloride (equivalent to 24 mg of phentermine base). Each phentermine hydrochloride capsule also contains the following inactive ingredients: crospovidone, dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate, FDA/E 172 Yellow Iron Oxide, gelatin, magnesium stearate, povidone, and titanium dioxide. The imprinting ink contains D&C Yellow #10 Lake, FD&C Blue #1, FD&C Blue #2, and FD&C Red #40.
Patients will discontinue use of bisphosphonates. Bone markers and BMD will be monitored until a need for reinitiation of treatment within 2-years is identified or needed.
PURPOSE: Fentanyl, a fully synthetic opioid, is widely used for severe pain management and has a huge abuse potential for its psychostimulant effects. Unlike other opioids, the neurotoxic effects of chronic fentanyl administration are still unclear. In particular, little is known about its effect on the cerebral cortex. The current study aims to test the chronic toxicity of fentanyl in the mice model.
METHODS: Adult male Balb/c mice were chronically treated with low (0.05 mg/kg, i.p) and high (0.1 mg/kg, i.p) doses of fentanyl for 5 consecutive weeks, and various neurotoxic parameters, including apoptosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammatory response were assessed in the cortex. Potential histological as well as neurochemical changes were also evaluated.
RESULTS: The results of this study show that chronic fentanyl administration induced intense levels of apoptosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in the cerebral cortex. These findings were found to be correlated with histopathological characteristics of neural degeneration and white matter injury. Moreover, fentanyl administration was found to reduce the expression of both NMDA receptor subunits and dopamine receptors and elevate the level of epidermal growth factor (EGF).
CONCLUSION: Fentanyl administration induced neurotoxic effects in the mouse cerebral cortex that could be primarily mediated by the evoked oxidative-inflammatory response. The altered expression of NMDA receptors, dopamine receptors, and EGF suggests the pernicious effects of fentanyl addiction that may end in the development of toxic psychosis.