anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The demographic information of the participants who accepted to participate in the study by reading and signing the voluntary consent form will be questioned with the demographic data form to be created by the researchers. The patients' dyspnea status will be evaluated with the Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale, and their exercise capacity will be evaluated with the 6-minute walk test (6 MWT). Modified Borg Scale will be used to determine dyspnea and leg fatigue before and after 6MWT, and a digital sphygmomanometer will be used to measure blood pressure. Before, during and after the test, saturation and heart rate will be determined by finger pulse oximetry. Blood lactate levels will be determined with a portable lactate meter. An electronic hand dynamometer will be used to measure peripheral muscle strength. Activities of daily living will be assessed with the London Chest Activity of Daily Living Scale. Quality of life will be determined by The Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire, and anxiety and depression status will be determined by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Muscle activities will be analyzed using a surface electromyographic (EMG) measuring device. The mental imagery abilities of the patients will be evaluated with the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire-20 and the mental chronometry method.

Evaluations will be made by the responsible physiotherapist at the hospital before the program, at the end of the 4th week and at the end of the 8th week of the program. The permissions for the use of the questionnaires to be used were obtained from the authors, who made the validity and reliability in Turkish, via e-mail. Ethical approval of the study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Istanbul Yedikule Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital.
PURPOSE:To enable quick and accurate assay of human prolyl hydroxylase (human PH) to be utilized for the diagnosis of liver fibrinosis, by using a monoclonal antibody or a polyclonal antibody and an enzyme lavelled antibody of antihuman PH polyclonal for human prolylhydroxylase. CONSTITUTION:Human prolylhydroxylase is prepared from a human placenta and dosed to a female mouse or the like for immunization to extract a mouse spleen cell. After the culture of this cell, a fused cell is obtained between the cell and 8-azaguanine resistance myeloma cell NS-1. The cell thus obtained is multiplied by culture and undergoes a cloning to obtain a human PH monoclonal antibody. On the other hand, the human PH obtained from the human placenta is dosed to a rabbit to immunize and then, an antiserum is refined to obtain a human PH polyclonal antibody. The rabbit antihuman PH polyclonal antibody is labelled with the horseradish-derived peroxidase. A sandwich method using the resulting labelled antibody and the human PH monoclonal antibody to enable quick and accurate assay of the human PH in a human serum with very small amount of serum. Especially, this enables the forecasting of fibroplasia of the liver.
Patients scheduled for excisional biopsy of skin lesion(s) will be invited to participate in this study. Photo-documentation of the skin neoplasm(s) in the ProRodinki application will be performed, and the generated report will be sent for evaluation by artificial intelligence. Following this procedure, an excisional biopsy of the lesion(s) will be scheduled. From the moment of inclusion in the study until the excisional biopsy, an interval of no more than 2-4 weeks is allowed. After excisional biopsy of the skin neoplasm(s), a routine intravital pathological examination with hematoxylin and eosin staining will be performed, if necessary, immunohistochemical and molecular genetic tests will be performed. The selected biosamples (paraffin blocks) will then be analyzed centrally by a morphologist.
BACKGROUND: National studies reporting the prevalence of cannabis use have focused on individuals with a history of cancer without distinction by their treatment status, which can impact symptom burden. While pain is a primary motivation to use cannabis in cancer, the magnitude of its association with cannabis use remains understudied.
METHODS: We examined cannabis use and pain management among 5523 respondents of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System with a cancer history. Survey-weighted prevalence proportions of respondents' cannabis use are reported, stratified on cancer treatment status. Regression models estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of cancer-related pain and cannabis use.
RESULTS: Cannabis use was slightly more prevalent in those undergoing active treatment relative to those who were not undergoing active treatment (9.3% vs. 6.2%; P=0.05). Those under active treatment were more likely to use cannabis medicinally (71.6% vs. 50.0%; P=0.03). Relative to those without cancer-related pain, persons with pain under medical control (OR 2.1, 95% CI, 1.4-3.2) or uncontrolled pain were twice as likely to use cannabis (OR 2.0, 95% CI, 1.1-3.5).
CONCLUSIONS: Use of cannabis among cancer patients may be related to their treatment and is positively associated with cancer-related pain. Future research should investigate the associations of cannabis use, symptom burden, and treatment regimens across the treatment spectrum to facilitate interventions.
A method and a system are disclosed for image annotation of images, in particular two- and three-dimensional medical images. In at least one embodiment, the image annotation system includes an image parser which parses images retrieved from an image database or provided by an image acquisition apparatus and segments each image into image regions. The image can be provided by any kind of image acquisition apparatus such as a digital camera an x-ray apparatus, a computer tomograph or a magnetic resonance scanning apparatus. Each segmented image regions is annotated automatically with annotation data and stored in an annotation database. In at least one embodiment, the system includes at least one user terminal which loads at least one selected image from said image database and retrieved the corresponding annotation data of all segmented image regions of said image from said annotation database for further annotation of the image. The image annotation system, in at least one embodiment, allows for a more efficient and more reliable annotation of images which can be further processed to generate automatically reports for examples of patients in a hospital. The image annotation method and system according to at least one embodiment of the invention, can be used in a wide range of applications in particular of annotation of medical images but also in security systems as well as in the developments of prototypes of complex apparatuses such as automobiles.
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic started in Alberta in March 2020 and significantly increased telehealth service use and provision reducing the risk of virus transmission. We examined the change in the number and proportion of virtual visits by physician specialty and condition (chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases [COPD], heart failure [HF], colorectal and lung cancers), as well as associated changes in physician compensation. Methods: A population-based design was used to analyze all processed physician claims comparing the number and proportion of virtual visits and associated physician billings relative to in-person between pre- (2019/2020) and intra-pandemic (2020/2021). Physician compensations were the claim amounts paid by the health insurance. Results: Pre-pandemic (intra-), there were 8,981 (8,897) lung cancer, 9,245 (9,029) colorectal, 37,558 (36,292) HF, and 68,270 (52,308) COPD patients. Each patient had totally 2.3-4.7 (of which 0.4-0.6% were virtual) general practitioner (GP) visits and 0.9-2.3 (0.2-0.7% were virtual) specialist visits per year pre-pandemic. The average number and proportion of per-patient virtual visits to GPs and specialists grew significantly pre- to intra-pandemic by 2,138-4,567%, and 2,201-7,104%, respectively. Given the lower fees of virtual compared with in-person visits, the reduction in physician compensation associated with the increased use of virtual care was estimated at $3.85 million, with $2.44 million attributed to specialist and $1.41 million to GP. Discussion: Utilization of telehealth increased significantly, while the physician billings per patient and physician compensation declined early in the pandemic in Alberta for the four chronic diseases considered. This study forms the basis for future study in understanding the impact of virtual care, now part of the fabric of health care delivery, on quality of care and patient safety, overall health service utilization (such as diagnostic imaging and other investigations), as well as economic impacts to patients, health care systems, and society.
1. Technical Result Widening of the spectrum of the preparation activity and increase in efficiency of treatment.          2. Essence A biological preparation in a tablet form comprises previously concentrated sterile lyophilized filtrates of phagolizate of widespread serological group of enteropathogenic strains Shigellae, Salmonella, Escherichia coli and Proteus, Staphilococcus, entero coccus and Pseudominas aerruginosa and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.          3. Field of Application Medicine, therapy.
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) refers to an RNA molecule longer than 200 nucleotides (nt) that plays a significant role in regulating essential molecular and biological processes. It is commonly found in animals, plants, and viruses, and is characterized by features such as epigenetic markers, developmental stage-specific expression, and tissue-specific expression. Research has shown that lncRNA participates in anatomical processes like plant progression, while also playing a crucial role in plant disease resistance and adaptation mechanisms. In this review, we provide a concise overview of the formation mechanism, structural characteristics, and databases related to lncRNA in recent years. We primarily discuss the biological roles of lncRNA in plant progression as well as its involvement in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Additionally, we examine the current challenges associated with lncRNA and explore its potential application in crop production and breeding. Studying plant lncRNAs is highly significant for multiple reasons: It reveals the regulatory mechanisms of plant growth and development, promotes agricultural production and food security, and drives research in plant genomics and epigenetics. Additionally, it facilitates ecological protection and biodiversity conservation.
Sustained release oral medicaments comprise a quantity of a therapeutically active material containing an organic amino group in physical admixture with larger amounts up to 20 times its weight of a non-resinous, non-toxic, polycarboxylic acid compound which in the fluid of the digestive system exists as a complex with at least a portion of the therapeutically active material. Specified therapeutic substances are amphetamine and its salts, synephrine, dialkylaminoalkyl antihistamines, antispasmodics containing an amino group, hexamethonium bromide and alkaloids, e.g. veratrum alkaloids, atropine and homatropine.  Suitable polycarboxylic acid compounds are tannic acid and acids derived from pectins, e.g. pectic acid and pectinic acid.  The medicaments may be in such forms as a tablet or capsule.
How do women get endometriosis? This question has baffled investigators for nearly a century, and the pathogenesis of endometriosis remains an enigma to this day. While Sampson's retrograde menstruation theory is widely accepted, the gaping divide between the near-ubiquity of retrograde menstruation and the moderate prevalence of endometriosis has been difficult to explain. Now, Mumusoglu and Hsueh have provided some much-needed clues by proposing that endometriosis is likely a result of maladaptation of the evolutionary baggage to dramatically changed societies and cultures. These changes are profound, sweeping and across the board, resulting in myriad mismatches between the evolutionary legacy and the changed societies, which, in turn, have generated many potential risk factors for endometriosis that were completely absent in hunter-gatherer societies. These risk factors could conceivably account for the glaring gap between the ubiquity of retrograde menstruation and the moderate prevalence of endometriosis. This perspective may force the viewing of endometriosis from a fresh angle, providing a roadmap for future epidemiological studies, and potentially providing the prospect of development of novel ways for disease prevention and treatment.
In a variety of solid tumors such as colorectal cancer, it has been confirmed that some selected advanced patients still have a chance to cure through multidisciplinary treatment. Because of the poor biological behavior of gastric cancer, few people with advanced gastric cancer can benefit from local treatment, and there are fewer related studies. However, retrospective and small sample size prospective phase II clinical studies have also shown that unresectable locally advanced and some selected limited distant metastatic gastric and gastric junction adenocarcinoma patients may also achieve long-term survival through multimodal treatment strategies. The triple drug regimens were often used as conversion regimens in previous studies. Although the efficiency was improved, the R0 resection rate was only about 60%, the disease-free survival was about 10 months, and the toxicity was high. In order to improve the survival of these patients, more effective and less toxic treatment regimens are urgently needed. Objective response rate was 76.5% with anti-PD-1 antibody nivolumab plus CapeOX. The investigators predict that this regimen will achieve good results in the conversion treatment of advanced gastric cancer. The investigators intend to carry out this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Sintilimab plus CAPOX in the conversion therapy for patients with unresectable locally advanced or limited metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach or esophagogastric junction. The primary objectives are 12-month progression- free survival (PFS) rate. Secondary objectives include safety, objective response rate (ORR), R0 resection rate , tumor regression grading（TRG）, progression- free survival (PFS) ，overall survival (OS) and exploratory biomarker assessment. Subjects enrolled are treated with oral capecitabine 1000mg per m2 bid for two weeks（every 3 weeks）and intravenous oxaliplatin 130mg per m2（every 3 weeks）in combination with sintilimab 200mg (every 3 weeks) for 3 cycles. After 3 cycles of treatment, the tumor was evaluated. The clinical efficacy was evaluated as CR\\PR\\SD. Patients with SD,PR,CR will be treated with surgery. 36 patients will be included in this study
BACKGROUND: Hypoperfusion due to blood pressure (BP) reduction is a potential mechanism of cerebral ischemia after intracerebral hemorrhage. However, prior evaluations of the relationship between BP reduction and ischemia have been conflicting. Untreated chronic hypertension is common in intracerebral hemorrhage and alters cerebral autoregulation. We hypothesized that the risk of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) hyperintensities from acute BP reduction is modified by premorbid BP control.
METHODS: Individuals enrolled in the ERICH study (Ethnic/Racial Variations of Intracerebral Hemorrhage) from 2010 to 2015 were categorized as untreated, treated, or nonhypertensive based on preintracerebral hemorrhage diagnosis and antihypertensive medication use. The percent reduction of systolic BP (SBP) was calculated between presentation and 24 hours from admission. The primary outcome was the presence of DWI lesions. Using logistic regression, we tested the association between chronic hypertension status, SBP reduction, and their interaction with DWI lesion presence.
RESULTS: From 3000 participants, 877 with available magnetic resonance imaging met inclusion (mean age, 60.5±13.3 years; 42.5% women). DWI lesions were detected in 25.9%. Untreated, treated, and no hypertension accounted for 32.6%, 47.9%, and 19.5% of cases, respectively. SBP reduction was not directly associated with DWI lesions; however, an interaction effect was observed between SBP reduction and chronic hypertension status (P=0.036). Nonhypertensive subjects demonstrated a linear risk of DWI lesion presence with greater SBP reduction, whereas untreated hypertension demonstrated a stable risk across a wide range of SBP reduction (P=0.023).
CONCLUSIONS: Premorbid BP control, especially untreated hypertension, may influence the relationship between DWI lesions and acute BP reduction after intracerebral hemorrhage.
REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01202864.
The gel formulation contains 2 mg/mL 4-OH tamoxifen (0.2%) in a clear, colorless, absorptive hydro-alcoholic gel base formulated to provide continuous release of 4-OH tamoxifen. A total of 8 mg/day (4 mg/breast) of 4-OH tamoxifen will be administered daily for 52 weeks.
Heparin is a heterogenous group of straight-chain anionic mucopolysaccharides, called glycosaminoglycans having anticoagulant properties. It is composed of polymers of alternating derivations of alpha-L-iduronic acid 2-sulfate (1), 2-deoxy-2-sulfamino- alpha-D-glucose 6-sulfate (2), beta-D-glucuronic acid (3), 2-acetamido-2- deoxy-alpha-D-glucose (4), and alpha-L-iduronic acid (5).

Structure of Heparin Sodium (representative subunits):

Heparin Sodium in 5% Dextrose Injection is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution prepared from Heparin Sodium USP (derived from porcine intestinal mucosa and standardized for use as an anticoagulant) and Hydrous Dextrose USP. It is to be administered by intravenous injection. The potency is determined by a biological assay using a USP reference standard based on units of heparin activity per milligram.

The pH range is 5.6 (4.5 – 7.0) and the osmolarity mOsmol/L (calc.) is 315. The concentration of electrolytes is 38 mEq/L Sodium, 30 mEq/L Phosphate, and 15 mEq/L Citrate.

40 USP units/mL: Each 100 mL of the 20,000 USP units per 500 mL preparation contains: 4,000 USP units of heparin sodium, 5 g Hydrous Dextrose USP, 0.41 g Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, 0.093 g Citric Acid Anhydrous USP, 0.0686 g Sodium Metabisulfite NF (antioxidant), and Water for Injection USP until quantity sufficient.

50 USP units/mL: Each 100 mL of the 25,000 USP units per 500 mL preparation contains: 5,000 USP units of heparin sodium, 5 g Hydrous Dextrose USP, 0.41 g Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, 0.093 g Citric Acid Anhydrous USP, 0.0686 g Sodium Metabisulfite NF (antioxidant), and Water for Injection USP until quantity sufficient.

100 USP units/mL: Each 100 mL of the 25,000 USP units per 250 mL preparation contains: 10,000 USP units of heparin sodium, 5 g Hydrous Dextrose USP, 0.41 g Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, 0.093 g Citric Acid Anhydrous USP, 0.0686 g Sodium Metabisulfite NF (antioxidant), and Water for Injection USP until quantity sufficient.

The plastic container is made from a multilayered film specifically developed for parenteral drugs. It contains no plasticizers and exhibits virtually no leachables. The solution contact layer is a rubberized copolymer of ethylene and propylene. The container is nontoxic and biologically inert. The container-solution unit is a closed system and is not dependent upon entry of external air during administration. The container is overwrapped to provide protection from the physical environment and to provide an additional moisture barrier when necessary.

The plastic container is not made with natural rubber latex, PVC or DEHP.

The closure system has two ports; the one for the administration set has a tamper evident plastic protector.
Individuals choosing or assigned to R-CAT will continue treatment as usual with their health care team and R-CAT will be added. R-CAT is a remotely delivered version of CAT focused on medication adherence using a series of manual-driven compensatory strategies and environmental supports (signs, checklists, electronic cueing devices) based upon a streamlined assessment of executive function impairment and barriers to habit formation including forgetfulness, difficulties in problem-solving, disorganization, apathy or amotivation, disinhibition. and home environment. Initial R-CAT goals are to 1) ensure that medications listed as prescribed are available 2) to assess current cognitive, behavioral and environmental facilitators and barriers to habit-formation 3) to set up customized CAT supports to address the barriers and use facilitators to build habits to take medication. Rare home visits may occur if issues cannot be resolved remotely. Based upon the pilot, the study team don't anticipate any more than 5-10% of individuals to need face-to-face visits. No one had home visits as part of the pilot intervention. A structured R-CAT treatment note with places for pictures of CAT interventions is used for home visits. Support and reminder calls use a brief checklist modified from the Healthy Habits Program to address issues in use of supports, placement of supports and habit formation. Examples of CAT interventions to promote taking medication regularly appear above. All home visits and phone calls will be audio-taped (with consent) for quality assurance.
Background: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) and postherpetic pruritus (PHP) are common complications of shingles that affect patients' quality of life. PHN and PHP can be managed using various medications and interventional procedures; however, complications persisting for at least six months may hamper recovery. Subcutaneous injections of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) can control persistent PHN and PHP. Case presentation: A 71-year-old man presented at our hospital with itching and pain. He had been diagnosed with shingles in the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve one year previously. As the pain and itching persisted despite medication, a supraorbital nerve block, Gasserian ganglion block, epidural nerve block, and radiofrequency thermocoagulation were performed. A subcutaneous injection of BTX-A was administered into the ophthalmic area of the trigeminal nerve three years after the initial presentation. A decrease of >80% in pain and itching was reported after the injection; however, the left eyelid drooped and the eyeball shifted downward and outward immediately after the injection. No deterioration in vision or pupil dilation was observed, and almost complete resolution of these symptoms occurred spontaneously three months after the injection. Pain and itching continued to improve without further side-effects until six months after the injection. Conclusions: The subcutaneous injection of BTX-A may be an alternative treatment option for chronic and refractory neurological diseases such as PHN and PHP, which persist for four years and are resistant to conventional treatments. Nevertheless, care must be taken to minimize the risk of ptosis.