anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Photoreceptor cell death is the main cause of vision loss in many retinal disorders, including retinal detachment (RD). While apoptosis is the most studied form of cell death, the investigators believe patients with RDs may have photoreceptor cell death from a distinct pathway of programmed cell death called pyroptosis which also involves an inflammatory response. Pyroptosis is distinct from apoptosis in that it requires the activation of a protein oligomer complex called an inflammasome. The inflammasome is a pro-inflammatory complex composed of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) family or pyrin and HIN domain (PYHIN) family, and caspase-11. Activation of the inflammasome complex leads to activation of capspase 1 proteolytic activity to cleave and synthesize IL-1β and IL-18. As such the investigators believe inflammasomes and its activated products may play a strong role in the inflammatory and cell death pathway for photoreceptor cells in human retina. Studies using animal models of RD have already confirmed the presence of IL-1β activation2, however, the presence of IL-18 needs to be confirmed in human detached retinas. In a study performed on the detached retinas in mice, researchers were able to show activation of inflammasomes leading to photoreceptor cell death. While researchers are unable to determine the cellular source of the inflammasomes they were able to show that activation inflammasomes closely follows animal models. Currently there is no method to rescue photoreceptors cells from the mediated cell death pathway despite surgical intervention. Thus, current visual prognosis and prevention of further photoreceptor loss due to a RD is likely dependent on the time of surgical intervention before further detachment and further cell death can occur. As such, the purpose of this current study is to confirm the presence of inflammasome activation as well as the synthesis of its products, IL-1β and IL-18, in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. Both inflammasomes and its products IL-1β and IL-18 may be involved in cell pyroptosis, a programmed cell death distinct from apoptosis. Due to a lack of treatment for the rescue of photoreceptor cells from cell death after a retinal detachment, this study can provide novel strategies to inhibit cell death.
About 20 women from each of the ten district hospitals will be recruited. Each district hospital will have a separate administrative page on the Nthabi server where women will be enrolled with a unique username and password. Upon enrollment, the women will be asked to engage with Nthabi for two months to discuss the relevant content areas they are interested in learning more about.
BACKGROUND: Supratip deformity is one of the most common complications after open rhinoplasty. This study aimed to define a new risk scoring system for supratip deformity and determine the distances that should be left between the tip defining point (TDP) and anterior septal angle (ASA) to prevent it.
METHODS: Four hundred sixty-nine patients who underwent open rhinoplasty between 2018-2022 were included in this retrospective study. The patients were evaluated according to the risk scoring system consisting of four parameters (skin thickness, lower lateral cartilage anatomy, amount of hump resection, and soft tissue procedures). Because of the presence of supratip deformity at the postoperative 12th month, the patients were divided into two groups: (i) without supratip deformity (n = 418) and (ii) with supratip deformity (n = 51). Statistical inferences were made regarding the development of supratip deformity by evaluating the relationship between the risk scores and the intraoperative TDP-ASA distances.
RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the groups in risk scores ( P < 0.05). In cases with high-risk scores, it was calculated that the probability of developing supratip deformity decreased significantly when the TDP-ASA distance was above 7.5 mm and increased significantly when the TDP-ASA distance was below 6.5 mm. In cases with low-risk scores, it was found that the probability of developing supratip deformity was reduced considerably when the TDP-ASA distance was over 6.0 mm.
CONCLUSIONS: The authors recommend keeping the TDP-ASA distance above 6.0 mm in low-risk patients and 7.5 mm in high-risk patients to avoid supratip deformity.
Ventilator induced lung injury (VILI) generates morbidity and mortality in mechanically ventilated patients. The awareness of respiratory mechanics is essential in the prevention of VILI. Currently, plateau pressures are widely used as a guide to assess alveolar pressure and minimize alveolar injury. However, patients with reduced chest wall compliance can have higher plateau pressures that may not reflect true alveolar pressure. The transpulmonary pressure has been cited as the true alveolar driving pressure because it takes into account pleural pressure that reflect chest wall mechanics; however, this requires measurement of esophageal pressure.

The investigators have experienced a disproportionate degree of excursion between the posterior and anterior right hemidiaphragm on bedside ultrasound imaging in patients with ARDS, which may reflect the dependent atelectasis that occurs during low tidal volume ventilation, cardiac weight, weight of injured lung and accumulation of extravascular lung water in critically ill patients. The optimal PEEP can be guided by measurement of esophageal pressure (and subsequent calculation of transpulmonary distending pressure) with a balloon catheter placed into the esophagus much like a nasogastric tube for enteral access. The investigators believe that the normalization of the disproportionate degree of excursion between the anterior and posterior diaphragm can also be used to identify optimal PEEP, and may be correlated with changes in transpulmonary pressure (the current gold standard).
Titanium dental implants have been frequently used in the rehabilitation of edentulous patients. Implants may provide adequate denture stability, improve oral function and oral health related quality of life. There is evidence that implants supporting fixed and removable prostheses have excellent long term success rates. Factors such as implant surface characteristics, length, diameter and shape (parallel sided or tapered) may play and important role for the outcome of the treatment especially when the immediate loading protocol (loading of the implant the same day it is surgically placed) is utilized. There are reports indicating that dental implants placed according to the immediate loading protocol can be used to support removable prostheses in the mandible. Such protocol would minimize the number of surgical procedures and significantly shorten the overall treatment time. Further, increased oral health related quality of life has been reported from studies on mandibular implant overdentures. Traditionally two implants have been suggested for the support of a mandibular overdenture. However, high patient satisfaction rates and appropriate denture retention have been reported among patients with a single implant placed in the mid-line. It is also important to further evaluate and compare various implant designs to determine clinical outcomes. The two dominating types of implant body design on the market are the parallel-sided (straight) and the tapered (conical) shaped. Both implants have similar threads, and the surgical procedure for placing the implants in the bone tissue is similar, but the drills used have a slightly different design and shape. There are today no randomized controlled studies evaluating differences in outcomes with respect to the external implant design i.e. parallel sided or tapered.
Participants in the Treatment As Usual group will receive routine clinical care. This includes: 1) pain assessment using a 10-point scale, at OTP admission and annual physical exams. This is documented on a templated form in the OTP electronic health record, as well as whether pain is acute vs chronic pain, and a treatment plan (e.g., on-site care, outside primary care clinician, pain management referral). 2) clinical treatment of pain by participants' on-site or outside clinicians.
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the association between preweaning diarrhea and measures of survival, health, and production. The measures of interest included survival (mortality before first calving and time to removal from the herd), health (retained fetal membranes, metritis, mastitis, and SCC), and production (305-d mature-equivalent milk yield and time to first calving). A secondary objective was to investigate if these associations varied according to the age of the calf when the case of diarrhea occurred. Herd records from a farm located in Southern Australia were used to conduct a retrospective cohort study where subjects (calves) with diarrhea were enrolled at the time of their first case along with 2 subjects without diarrhea, matched for age (±3 d) and date of birth (±15 d), amounting to 9,833 calves in the dataset. Survival analysis was conducted to determine whether preweaning diarrhea was associated with death in the short term (first 20 d after enrollment), medium term (21-100 d after enrollment) and long term (101 d after enrollment to first calving). Crude incidence rate ratios, Kaplan-Meier curves, and hazard ratios (HR, Cox regression) were derived for each event-based outcome (e.g., death, calving, mastitis). Multivariable linear models were used for continuous outcomes. Calves with preweaning diarrhea had greater mortality rates in the short term (HR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.87-3.29) and medium term (HR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.41-2.55), but not in the long term (HR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.79-1.22). A small negative association between preweaning diarrhea and time to first calving was found, with calves with diarrhea calving 4 d later than calves without diarrhea (HR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91-1.00). Rates of postcalving removal from the herd (death or culling) were higher in calves with a history of preweaning diarrhea (HR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.26), as were peak lactation log SCC (+0.08, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.14). Further research is needed to replicate these novel findings, as they are based on exploratory analyses and could be spurious findings. No substantial associations were observed for the other measures of interest. Our study findings support existing research demonstrating the importance of preweaning diarrhea as a substantial cause of calf mortality and raise new hypotheses about other potential impacts during lactation.
Patients receive metformin hydrochloride PO on days 1-14, nelfinavir mesylate PO BID on days 1-14, and bortezomib SC on days 1, 8, and 15. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 6 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
PURPOSE:To achieve automated storage in/out control and inventory control in a storing device for chemicals and the like by detecting article storing body load with more than one load sensor and performing arithmetic operation on positions of articles on the storing body for output as articles are taken in and out. CONSTITUTION:A total weight of a structure body 1 and articles placed at positions P1 through P5 is supported by load sensors 2a, 2b in a shared fashion. Then, load change involved-in taking articles in and out of storage is detected by each of the sensors 2a, 2b for input into an arithmetic section 5. Upon reception of load data, the arithmetic section 5 computes the amount of change in total weight of articles on a shelf plate 1. If the change exceeds a prescribed range of variations, an article is assumed to have been taken in or out of storage, and the position of the article is identified to make storage in/out information available. Subsequently, monitoring is conducted to make sure that an article container is taken out and then returned. If it fails to be returned, a warning is issued. This helps to ensure automated storage in/out control and inventory information control.
To provide a cell killing agent capable of suppressing side effects and the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and more effectively and efficiently killing cancer cells and various pathogenic bacteria.SOLUTION: Provided is a cell killing agent comprising: a particle that is a photocatalyst; a substance provided on the surface of the particle to specifically recognize target cells; and a modifying substance provided on the surface of the particle and having cell permeability to a target cell. The particle is composed of a compound semiconductor. The compound semiconductor comprises a first semiconductor and a second semiconductor. The particle has a core-shell structure in which one of the first semiconductor and the second semiconductor serves as a core and the other thereof serves as a shell. The band structure of the particle is type II. The highest energy level in the valence band of the first semiconductor is more positive than the oxidation potential of water. The lowest energy level in the conductive band of the second semiconductor is more negative than the reduction potential of water.SELECTED DRAWING: None
The Tuohy needle was inserted in out-plane approach. Needle placement was considered adequate when the tip was visualized beneath the fascia iliaca; the catheter was then introduced 5 cm beyond the needle tip. Electrical stimulation was not used.
Disclosed is a formulation for accelerating wound healing which includes cell culture medium. The cell culture medium is obtained by culturing transfected endothelial progenitor cells which are acquired by transfecting microRNA let-7g into endothelial progenitor cells. A preparation method of formulation for accelerating wound healing includes an isolating step, a transfecting step and a culturing step. The isolating step is executed by isolating mononuclear cells from human whole blood and then seeding the mononuclear cells onto human-fibronectin-coated plates to obtain endothelial progenitor cells. The transfecting step is executed by transfecting microRNA let-7g into the endothelial progenitor cells to acquire transfected endothelial progenitor cells. The culturing step is executed by culturing the transfected endothelial progenitor cells for a predetermined time to obtain the formulation for accelerating wound healing.
The severity of severe pneumonia in children depends on the degree of local inflammation, spread of lung inflammation and systemic inflammatory response. Appropriate care can effectively reduce the mortality of children with severe pneumonia. This study was designed to explore the nursing effect of targeted sedation nursing and comprehensive nursing intervention in children with severe pneumonia. Eighty children with severe pneumonia who complained of the main complaint were selected, and they were evenly distributed to receive comprehensive care (control group) and targeted sedation care and comprehensive care (observation group). In each group, different degrees of sedation, pain scores, and changes in adverse reactions were evaluated. Before nursing, the sedation and pain scores of the 2 groups of children were not statistically significant; after nursing, the sedation and pain scores of the 2 groups of children improved with time, and the sedation effect of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control. In the group, the pain score was lower than that of the control group, indicating improvement. The SAS and SDS of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, while the social support score was significantly higher than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P < .05). The accidental extubation, delirium, respiratory depression, and laryngospasm of the 2 groups of children were significantly improved, and the observation group was significantly less than the control group. This difference was statistically significant (P < .05). Targeted sedation nursing and comprehensive nursing intervention can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse reactions in children with severe pneumonia, reduce the pain and discomfort of children with severe pneumonia, and significantly improve the degree of sedation, which has certain reference value for the care of children with severe pneumonia.
PURPOSE: Although trochanteric fractures (TF) are a frequent event in the geriatric population, studies reporting on complication rates associated with surgical treatment are sparse. Thus, this study investigated the relevance of fracture-, implant-, and surgery-associated complications in TF. Furthermore, the role of possible risk factors for the before mentioned complications was investigated.
METHODS: A consecutive series of patients with TF treated by intramedullary nailing with a sliding screw device was evaluated. Data were sampled retrospectively from the hospital patient information system and anonymized at the source. Demographic data and information regarding fracture pattern, the treatment performed, hospital stay, and evaluation of operative and follow-up radiographs were analyzed. Intraoperative problems (i.e., technical problems with the implant, intraoperative fracture) and postoperative complications were investigated.
RESULTS: Postoperative surgical complications were noted in 11.7%. The most frequent surgical problem was a difficult fracture reduction (13%) and intraoperative fracture dislocation (3.6%). The most frequent postoperative complication was intra-hospital mortality (3.6%), delayed/non-union (2.7%), and a cut-out of the lag screw in the femoral head (2.3%). Implant failure (1,4%) was significantly associated with morbid obesity while cut-out (2,3%) correlated with a higher tip-apex distance (TAD). A complex fracture type and a suboptimal screw position significantly increased the cut-out rate to 5% (p = 0.018).
CONCLUSION: Complications after TF treatment occur frequently. While patient-associated variables such as morbid obesity cannot be influenced by the surgeon, correct fracture reduction and implant positioning remain to be of highest importance.
All patients will receive rituximab sc on days 1, 8, 15 and 22. Interim staging will be performed around day 50. After interim staging, heart and lung transplant recipients and patients with a combination of organs transplanted including a heart or lung transplant who show disease progression during rituximab monotherapy or at interim staging will be considered very high-risk. Patients considered very high-risk will receive six more applications of rituximab sc combined with alternating chemotherapy with CHOP and DHAOx.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled drink having drug effect, e.g. hypoglycemic property, etc., without coloring even in the presence of water, by adding an aloe extract prepared by treating a crude aloe extract with a fat-soluble organic solvent to an alcoholic drink or an aqueous drink containing vinegar. CONSTITUTION:A drink obtained by initially removing epidermis of leaf parts of aloe to collect an inner jelly part, drying, pulverizing and treating the inner jelly part with water, filtering the treated inner jelly part to give a filtrate, concentrating (drying) the resultant filtrate to provide a crude aloe extract, then treating the crude aloe extract with a fat-soluble organic solvent in an amount of 3-8 times based on the extract to form an aloe extract and adding the aloe extract to an alcoholic drink, e.g. 'SHOCHU' (low-class distilled spirit), refined 'SAKE' (Japanese rice wine), etc., or aqueous drink containing vinegar, e.g. brewed vinegar, etc. The raw material plant for the above-mentioned aloe extract is preferably aloe species having large leaves.
An adhesive composite composition is provided including one or more polymerizable monomers and one or more metal stearates. The one or more polymerizable monomers may be a cyanoacrylate monomer. The adhesive composite composition may further comprise a plasticizer, an initiator, a rate modifier, a stabilizer, a colorant, a heat dissipating agent, or other additives. Methods for the application of the adhesive composite compositions to living tissue are also provided. The adhesive composite composition provides an adhesive composite material upon polymerization which is a polymer matrix entrapping the metal stearate. Polymerization of the adhesive composite composition at a site on living tissue provides an adhesive composite material which promotes microcirculation and tissue growth at the site of application of the adhesive composite composition.
OBJECTIVES: The study objectives were to describe the compounded complication rate of minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum, identify predisposing risk factors, and evaluate the optimal timing of correction. Minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum is the standard treatment for pectus excavatum and consists of 2 invasive procedures, for example, correction with bar insertion followed by bar removal after 2 to 3 years.
METHODS: A retrospective cohort study identifying children, adolescents, and adults of both genders corrected for pectus excavatum with minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum between 2001 and 2022. Information on complications related to bar insertion and removal procedures for each individual patient was compiled into a compounded complication rate. Complication severities were categorized according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.
RESULTS: A total of 2013 patients were corrected by minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum with a median age (interquartile range) for correction of 16.6 (5) years. Overall compounded complication rate occurred at a frequency of 16.4%, of which 9.3% required invasive reinterventions (Clavien-Dindo classification ≥IIIa). The complication rate related to bar insertion was 2.6-fold higher compared with bar removal (11.8% vs 4.5%, respectively). Multivariable analysis revealed age (adjusted odds ratio, 1.05; P < .001), precorrection Haller Index (adjusted odds ratio, 1.10; P < .033), and early-phase institutional experience (adjusted odds ratio, 1.59; P < .002) as independent predisposing risk factors. The optimal age of correction was 12 years, and the compounded complication rate correlated exponentially with age with a doubling time of 7.2 years. Complications increased 2.2-fold when the Haller index increased to 5 or more units.
CONCLUSIONS: Minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum is associated with a high compounded complication rate that increases exponentially with age and high Haller Index. Consequently, we recommend repair during late childhood and early adolescence, and emphasize the importance of informing patients and relatives about the significant risks of adult correction as well as the need of 2 consecutive procedures taking the complication profile into account before planning surgery.