anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Current epidemiological data estimate that one in five people suffers from chronic pain with considerable impairment of health-related quality of life. The pharmacological treatment is based on first- and second-line analgesic drugs, including COX-2 selective and nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, paracetamol, antidepressants, anti-seizure drugs and opioids, that are characterized by important side effects. N-palmitoylethanolamine (PEA) is a body's own fatty-acid ethanolamide belonging to the family of autacoid local injury antagonist amides. The anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties of PEA have been recognized for decades and prompted to depict its role in the endogenous mechanisms of pain control. Together with its relative abundance in food sources, this opened the way to the use of PEA as a pain-relieving nutritional intervention. Naïve PEA is a large particle size lipid molecule with low solubility and bioavailability. Reducing particle size is a useful method to increase surface area, thereby improving dissolution rate and bioavailability accordingly. Micron-size formulations of PEA (e.g., ultramicronized and co-(ultra)micronized) have shown higher oral efficacy compared to naïve PEA. In particular, ultramicronized PEA has been shown to efficiently cross the intestinal wall and, more importantly, the blood-brain and blood-spinal cord barrier. Several preclinical and clinical studies have shown the efficacy, safety and tolerability of ultramicronized PEA. This narrative review summarizes the available pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic data on ultramicronized PEA and focuses to its contribution to pain control, in particular as 'add-on' nutritional intervention. Data showing the ability of ultramicronized PEA to limit opioid side effects, including the development of tolerance, have also been reviewed.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) over-expression is commonly observed in advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and is correlated with poor patient outcomes. However, the role of dual-specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) in EGFR-associated HNSCC progression remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between DUSP6 expression and EGFR signaling in malignant HNSCC tissues.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data mining and in vitro assays were employed to assess DUSP6 expression levels in HNSCC tissues compared to normal tissues. Additionally, the correlation between DUSP6 and EGFR expression was examined. Functional assays were conducted to investigate the modulation of DUSP6 expression by EGFR signaling and its involvement in EGF-induced cell migration and anoikis resistance.
RESULTS: Our analysis revealed a significant elevation in DUSP6 expression in HNSCC tissues compared to normal tissues and a strong correlation between DUSP6 and EGFR expression. EGFR signaling modulated DUSP6 expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner, primarily through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. Knockdown experiments demonstrated the functional role of DUSP6 in EGF-induced cell migration and anoikis resistance.
CONCLUSION: The findings of this study elucidate the intricate signaling networks governing DUSP6 expression and its interplay with EGFR signaling in HNSCC. Moreover, the results provide insights into the potential role of DUSP6 as a therapeutic target and highlight the importance of personalized treatment strategies in HNSCC management.
Autologous bone grafting is the method called the gold standard in the reconstruction of bone defects and nonunions. Anterior iliac crest is most frequently preferred as the source of autologous bone graft. However, severe pain after anterior iliac crest graft harvesting increases morbidity. Various regional anesthesia techniques have been defined for the purpose of postoperative analgesia. The mechanism of fascial plane blocks, one of these techniques, has not been fully elucidated and drug distribution varies from person to person. Postoperative analgesia of the iliac crest donor site can be achieved by i infiltration of local anesthetics or morphine. Single injection or continuous infusions of local anesthetic have proven effective in adults.

In this study; the investigators aimed to retrospectively scan the records of patients who received anterior iliac bone graft in our clinic and determine the postoperative analgesia effectiveness of anterior iliac block. The data obtained after the research will make a significant contribution to the literature in the postoperative analgesia management of patients who are planned to receive anterior iliac bone graft.
The invention provides a conductive hydrogel and a preparation method and application thereof. The conductive hydrogel provided by the invention has the advantages of low modulus, high stretchability, good biocompatibility and the like. When used as a strain sensor, the sensor can be adhered to the skin surface of a human body, and cannot fall off in the movement process. The Young's modulus of the conductive hydrogel of the present invention is about 6.4kPa over a wide strain range (about 1200%). The strain sensor based on the conductive hydrogel can monitor different types of human body movements, small range such as swallowing, medium range such as finger bending, large range such as elbow bending, and the like. In addition, the movement of the human body can be monitored and distinguished by different electric signals. In addition, the conductive hydrogel can also recognize motions in different directions and output two completely opposite electric signals (positive and negative), so that the application range of the hydrogel strain sensor is greatly widened.
Background: Tourniquet use during upper extremity surgery in patients with a history of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) remains controversial due to the perceived but unproven risk of lymphoedema. We prospectively evaluated upper extremity swelling in patients with a history of unilateral ALND using a standardised tourniquet model. Methods: A tourniquet was applied to the upper arm bilaterally, with the unaffected side serving as an internal control. Each arm was subsequently held in an elevated position to reduce swelling. Hand volume was measured using an aqueous volumeter. Results: The patients' ALND arms experienced slightly greater increases in volume following tourniquet application compared to their healthy control arms. However, this amount of oedema was temporary and reversible, as both arms experienced spontaneous resolution of swelling with no significant difference in residual hand volume at the conclusion of the study. Conclusions: Tourniquet use may be safe in patients with a history of ALND. Further investigation is needed to verify this in a surgical setting. Level of Evidence: Level II (Therapeutic).
This new and unique method and apparatus is used for the distribution and administration of medical services, entertainment services, electronic health records, educational information, etc. through a patient's individual electronic patient care station (PCS) interconnected to a master library storing data in digitized compressed electronic signal format, through a local medical information network. The patient/medical personnel interact with this medical information network through the unique PCS and receives the requested service or data from the master library. The data is then displayed either on the associated television set or video monitor or through wireless/IR communications to a peripheral personal data assistant (pen based computer technology). The data for text, audio, and video information is all compressed digitally to facilitate distribution and only decompressed at the final stage before viewing/interaction. Through this method and apparatus, many operations of a typical Hospital would be rendered paperless.
Fecal immunological test (FIT) is the reference screening method in average risk patient. FIT is proposed every 2 years to all asymptomatic subjects with average risk aged from 50 to 74 years in France. Optical colonoscopy (OC) is the gold standard examination for patients at increased risk of colorectal cancer, like those with a first degree relative with colorectal cancer (relative risk between 2 and 4 times that of the general population). Colonoscopy should be performed in this high risk group before 50 years or 5 to 10 years before the earliest case of colorectal cancer. Optical colonoscopy has important limitations: complications (perforation, bleeding), need to use general anesthesia (in France 95% of colonoscopy are performed under general anesthesia), and low acceptability for screening even in high risk persons (40% in the best cases). In this high risk population, there is a potentially important place for alternative methods. FIT could be one of them, with already a significant amount of data suggesting its interest. No data are available in high risk French patients. Colon capsule endoscopy (CC) is a more recent technique with sparse data in this high risk group, and no prospective comparison with optical colonoscopy in this indication. Capsule endoscopy has the advantage of high feasibility, very low risk, probably (but to be demonstrated) increased acceptability, and represents the closest examination as compared to colonoscopy. This justifies a prospective study comparing in a randomized methodology these 3 modalities for the identification of advanced neoplastic lesions of the colon in well characterized group of subjects at high risk of colorectal cancer. The investigators propose a prospective, randomized protocol of non-inferiority in order to compare the two new strategies to the reference strategy for the detection of advanced colorectal neoplasia (colon or rectal cancers, large adenoma \> 1 cm or high grade dysplasia ; 1st arm: OC first; 2nd arm: CC first, OC at 3 years for those patients with negative initial CC; 3rd arm: annual FIT for 2 years (t0, t = 1 year, t = 2 years), colonoscopy at 3 years for those patients with negative FIT during the study). The new strategies will be considered non-inferior to the reference strategy if the study allows to conclude that the absolute reduction of the proportion of detected patients is not greater than 3% in comparison to the reference strategy.
PURPOSE:To obtain a composition for the oral cavity, containing a polystyrenesulfonate as an active ingredient, having high safety for decalcification of teeth and capable of exhibiting excellent inhibitory effects on dental stains derived from tannin. CONSTITUTION:The aimed substance obtained by containing a polystyrenesulfonate having 3,000-1,000,000, preferably 5,000-500,000 weight- average mol. wt. and then using and blending a condensed phosphate in combination. The amounts of the ingredients blended are 0.01-10wt.% polystyrenesulfonate and 0.1-10wt.% condensed phosphate. The composition can be prepared in the form of dentifrice, mouthwash, etc. The polystyrenesulfonate is obtained by reacting polystyrene with a sulfonating agent, such as sulfuric acid, by a conventional method and then neutralizing the resultant product. Na, K, ammonium, ethanolamine, etc., are preferred as counter ions of the polystyrenesulfonate.
Urolithiasis is one of the most frequent urological diseases. Identifying the causes of stone formation forms the basis for successful prevention of recurrence. Metabolic diagnostics and measures for prevention of recurrence are based on the assignment of the patient to a low-risk or high-risk group. Analysis of the urinary calculi is an essential prerequisite for identifying patients at risk. The general recommendations on diet and lifestyle are considered to be the basis of treatment. Depending on the type of stone and the individual biochemical risk profile of a patient, these general measures should be supplemented by targeted medical nutrition therapy and pharmacological treatment. Mixed stones can pose a challenge for the treatment and prevention of recurrence. A personalized treatment decision that takes the various components of mixed stones into account could further improve the prevention of recurrence of urolithiasis.
A retrospective chart review of 26 eyes of 23 patients with recurrent corneal erosions treated by PTK from 1996 to 2000 was performed. All eyes had failed to respond to conventional therapy. Data regarding the preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spherical equivalent (SE), symptomatic relief, incidence of recurrence, and complications arising from the laser treatment were analyzed. The mean duration of symptoms prior to PTK was 18 months (range, 8 to 36 months). The corneal epithelium was debrided, and laser ablation was performed to a depth of 5 micron with an ablation zone of 7 to 9 mm, using the Technolas 217C Plano Scan excimer laser. Mean postoperative follow-up was 12 years (range, 10 to 14 years).
This is a multi-center double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. A total of 240 patients with HCC at BCLC stage 0 or A will be enrolled from 8 hospitals in Taiwan. After complete ablation or hepatic resection of the tumor(s), participants are randomized 1:1 to receive either atorvastatin 10mg once daily (intervention group) or matched placebo (control group) for 3 years. During the 3-year period, patients are monitored for recurrence of HCC by dynamic computed tomography (or magnetic resonance image) every 4 months. They will be followed up until death, withdrawal from participation, study termination, or 3 years after the ablative treatment. The primary endpoint is to compare the 3-year cumulative incidence of recurrent HCC between the intervention group and control counterpart. Secondary endpoints are occurrence of clinical complications related to hepatic decompensation (including gastroesophageal variceal bleeding, spontaneous peritonitis, hepatic encephalopathy, hepatorenal syndrome, and hepatopulmonary syndrome), liver-related mortality, and all-cause mortality.
OBJECTIVE: Neuropathic pain can be provoked by high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) activation of toll-like receptor (TLR)4/nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Electroacupuncture (EA) has been reported to effectively alleviate neuropathic pain with few side effects, but its precise mechanism of action remains unknown. The aim of this study was to explore whether 2 Hz EA stimulation suppresses TLR4/NF-κB signaling in the DRG following spared nerve injury (SNI) in a rat model.
METHODS: In this experiment, SNI rats were given 2 Hz EA once every other day for a total of 21 days. Paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was measured to assess SNI-induced mechanical hypersensitivity, and western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were used to determine the levels of pain-related signaling molecules and pro-inflammatory mediators in the DRG.
RESULTS: SNI up-regulated HMGB1, TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor-88 adaptor protein (MyD88) and NF-κB p65 protein expression in the DRG. In addition, immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that SNI induced higher levels of TLR4 and MyD88 in the DRG. We also demonstrated co-localization of TLR4 and MyD88 with both calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and isolectin GS-IB4 in the DRG of SNI rats, respectively. Meanwhile, 2 Hz EA stimulation effectively reversed the elevations of HMGB1, TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB p65 induced by SNI in the DRG, which was coupled with amelioration of SNI-induced mechanical hypersensitivity.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggested that inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in the DRG by 2 Hz EA might be exploited as a therapeutic option for neuropathic pain.
Despite advancements in treatment, approximately 25% of patients with breast cancer experience long-term skeletal muscle wasting (SMW), which limits mobility, reduces drug tolerance and adversely impacts survival. By understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of SMW, we may be able to develop new strategies to alleviate this condition and improve the lives of patients with breast cancer. Chemokines are small soluble factors that regulate homing of immune cells to tissues during inflammation. In breast cancers, overexpression of C-C chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) correlates with unfavorable prognosis. Elevated levels of CCL2 in peripheral blood indicate possible systemic effects of this chemokine in patients with breast cancer. Here, we investigated the role of CCL2 signaling on SMW in tumor and non-tumor contexts. In vitro, increasing concentrations of CCL2 inhibited myoblast and myotube function through C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2)-dependent mechanisms involving JNK, SMAD3 and AMPK signaling. In healthy mice, delivery of recombinant CCL2 protein promoted SMW in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo knockdown of breast tumor-derived CCL2 partially protected against SMW. Overall, chronic, upregulated CCL2-CCR2 signaling positively regulates SMW, with implications for therapeutic targeting.
The wound was installed by 40ml of 0.25% bupivacaine through axillary and chest wall drains (20ml in each drain). Then, the drains were clamped for 20 minutes.
INTRODUCTION: Measuring and monitoring physical growth is a key element in assessing children's health. The physical and mental development of a growing child are indicators of good health and nutrition. This study aimed to explore the patterns of growth parameters among children under 5 years old attending primary health care centres (PHCCs) in rural northern Abha. Feeding habits during the first 2 years of life were also assessed.
METHOD: This study was conducted on 1-5 April 2022 in all (PHCCs) in Billasamr and Ballahmar, two neighbourhoods of northern Abha. The investigator designed a form for collecting each child's age (months), weight (kilograms), gender, birth order, number of family members, type of feeding (exclusive breastfeeding, exclusive bottle feeding, or mixed feeding), and duration of exclusive breastfeeding.
RESULTS: Gender affected the body weight of Saudi infants, as boys weighed significantly more than age-matched girls. Birth order also affected body weight. During the first and third years of life, Saudi children's body weight was not significantly affected by feeding type. During the second and fifth years of life, formula-fed children weighed more than breastfed or combination-fed children. However, during the fourth year of life, body weight was highest in combination-fed children.
CONCLUSION: Growth patterns over time, established from multiple data points, must be used in conjunction with other medical and family history to evaluate appropriate growth. Recording and tracking body size, especially recumbent length and weight, as part of well-baby care is critical for any assessment of child wellbeing and health status.
This is a randomized phase II study comparing trastuzumab with G-CSF against trastuzumab with placebo during the first two weeks of therapy.

Twenty five patients with metastatic breast cancer will be randomized to receive weekly trastuzumab plus either G-CSF or placebo by subcutaneous (SQ) injection daily for five days weekly for two weeks. Subsequently, all patients will receive an additional 12 weeks of weekly trastuzumab, G-CSF by SQ injection daily for five days weekly for 12 weeks, and vinorelbine once weekly at a dose of 25 mg/m2 weeks 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13. Baseline evaluation will include a history and physical exam, comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), complete blood count (CBC), serum pregnancy test, computerized tomography (CT) scan for disease measurements, and a Multiple Uptake Gated Acquisition (MUGA) scan. The CT scan and MUGA will be repeated upon completion of the study treatment. Blood will be drawn pre-trastuzumab, 2 hours post-trastuzumab, and 48 hours post-trastuzumab on weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, and 12 to measure whole blood ADCC activity. Two additional assays for whole blood ADCC activity will be drawn at baseline pre-treatment, and following completion of protocol treatment. These assays will measure chromium release from a Her-2 positive target cell exposed to the patient's effector cells. Measurement of soluble Her-2 in patient serum will also be measured at each ADCC time point.
Platelet participates in the process of forming and extending atherosclerotic plaques, and it is also a source of inflammatory mediators. This study is a randomized, open-label study, designed to test the hypothesis that ticagrelor inhibits inflammation and improves vascular endothelial cell function to a greater extent than clopidogrel in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention. Patients who are scheduled to undergo emergency Percutaneous Coronary Intervention(PCI) will be randomly assigned to receive ticagrelor 180mg for treatment group or clopidogrel 600mg for control group ,then after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention(PCI) treatment group treated with ticagrelor 90mg twice daily while the control group received clopidogrel 75mg once a day . All patients should receive Acetylsalicylic Acid(ASA) 300 mg as a loading dose before Percutaneous Coronary Intervention(PCI) then 100 mg daily unless intolerant. Glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa receptor antagonists and low-molecular-weight heparin and other additional medication will be directed by the treating cardiologist. All interventions will be performed via the radial approach with the standard technique within 12h after they are involved, and drug-eluting stents will be placed according to stenosis of coronary artery.

The vascular endothelial function will be tested by Circulating Endothelial Cells (CECs) and levels of inflammation will be tested by CD40 ligand (CD40L), C-reactive protein (CRP), and P-selectin to identify that ticagrelor inhibits inflammation and improves vascular endothelial cell function to a greater extent than clopidogrel.
This application discloses a treatment support system making it easy for a physician in charge to ask another specialist physician, especially another expert physician, for an opinion. The support system is much useful in providing an optimal treatment for an emergency disease, reviewing an expert-physician's opinion. The support system comprises a database server including an expert-physician database file in which information of expert-physicians belonging to institutions other than the hospital is recorded, a primary terminal handled by a physician in charge of treating the emergency patient in the hospital, secondary terminals handled by expert-physicians, a primary transmitter for transmitting an initial disease data to each secondary terminal, a received information displayer to display the initial disease data on each secondary terminal, a secondary transmitter to transmit an opinion to the primary terminal, an opinion displayer to display the opinion on the primary terminal, and an alarmer to generate an alarm by sound, light, vibration or any combination thereof to each expert-physician when the initial disease data is transmitted to each secondary terminal. The initial disease data includes a disease image of the emergency patient and time when the image was taken. The opinion is concerning to necessity of an additional test and investigation for the emergency patient, a diagnosis for the emergency patient, or a treatment plan for the emergency patient. The primary transmitter transmits the initial disease data with a time period for transmitting the opinion.
A method and composition for the inhibition of growth of Salmonella is provided. The effective composition of the invention is a class of fructo-oligosaccharides which inhibit the growth of Salmonella. More particularly, the fructo-oligosaccharides are sucrose molecules having from 1 to 8 fructose residues. This class of sugars is exemplified by ''Neosugar'' which includes 1-kestose, nystose, and 1-fructofuranosyl-nystose. The present method includes contacting Salmonella with the effective composition and can include feeding it to a domestic food animal. The present composition includes the effective component and nutritive feed material.