anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Smoking is a potent cause of asthma exacerbations, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and many other health defects, and changes in DNA methylation (DNAm) have been identified as a potential link between smoking and these health outcomes. However, most studies of smoking and DNAm have been done using blood and other easily accessible tissues in humans, while evidence from more directly affected tissues such as the lungs is lacking. Here, we identified DNAm patterns in the lungs that are altered by smoking. We used an established mouse model to measure the effects of chronic smoke exposure first on lung phenotype immediately after smoking and then after a period of smoking cessation. Next, we determined whether our mouse model recapitulates previous DNAm patterns observed in smoking humans, specifically measuring DNAm at a candidate gene responsive to cigarette smoke, Cyp1a1. Finally, we carried out epigenome-wide DNAm analyses using the newly released Illumina mouse methylation microarrays. Our results recapitulate some of the phenotypes and DNAm patterns observed in human studies but reveal 32 differentially methylated genes specific to the lungs which have not been previously associated with smoking. The affected genes are associated with nicotine dependency, tumorigenesis and metastasis, immune cell dysfunction, lung function decline, and COPD. This research emphasizes the need to study CS-mediated DNAm signatures in directly affected tissues like the lungs, to fully understand mechanisms underlying CS-mediated health outcomes.
This is a Phase 1, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in three parts. A single ascending dose (SAD) study in six cohorts receiving a single subcutaneous (SC) dose of 1, 10, 30, 60, 100, or 200 mg of rezafungin; a multiple ascending dose (MAD) study in four cohorts receiving 30 mg x 3 doses, 60 mg x 3 doses, 100 mg x 3 doses, or 200 mg x 3 doses of rezafungin SC with dosing frequency of once every 7 days; and a two-period cross-over bioavailability (BA) study receiving 100 mg of rezafungin. The two period cross-over BA study will be assessed unblinded in two sequences (10 subjects, 100 mg or maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of rezafungin in Part 1); 5 subjects will receive an SC injection of rezafungin in Period 1 followed by an intravenous (IV) infusion of rezafungin in Period 2, and 5 subjects will receive an IV infusion of rezafungin in Period 1 followed by an SC injection of rezafungin in Period 2. Each SAD (except cohort 1) and MAD cohort will contain 8 subjects (6 subjects will receive a SC injection of rezafungin and 2 subjects will receive placebo). Each SAD (except cohort 1) and MAD cohort will be conducted with sentinel dosing. SAD cohort 1 will be comprised of 4 subjects (3:1 rezafungin to placebo) with no sentinel dosing. Parts 2 and 3 of the study will only be conducted after FDA review for safety data and PK data from all subjects participating in Part 1; Part 3 may be run in parallel with the first cohort (Cohort 7) of Part 2. Individuals in the SAD cohorts will participate for approximately 58 days, including up to 28 days for screening and 30 days for dosing and follow-up (FU). Individuals in the MAD cohorts will participate for approximately 73 days, including up to 28 days for screening and 45 days for dosing and FU. Individuals in the BA cohorts will participate for approximately 80 days, including up to 28 days for screening and 52 days for dosing and FU. The study will have a duration of approximately 30 months. The primary objectives are to determine the: 1) safety and tolerability of single ascending SC doses (SAD) of rezafungin; 2) safety and tolerability of multiple ascending SC doses (MAD) of rezafungin; and 3) pharmacokinetic (PK) profile in plasma of rezafungin in healthy adult subjects. The secondary objective is to evaluate the BA of rezafungin when administered by SC injection relative to IV infusion in healthy adult subjects.
Pediatric Hypertensive Patients greater than or equal to 6 years of age 

The usual recommended starting dose is 0.7 mg/kg once daily (up to 50 mg total) administered as a tablet or a suspension (see Preparation of Suspension). Dosage should be adjusted according to blood pressure response. Doses above 1.4 mg/kg (or in excess of 100 mg) daily have not been studied in pediatric patients. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Pharmacokinetics, Special Populations and Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Effects, and WARNINGS, Hypotension — Volume-Depleted Patients.) 

Losartan potassium tablets are not recommended in pediatric patients less than 6 years of age or in pediatric patients with glomerular filtration rate less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Pharmacokinetics, Special Populations, Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Effects, and PRECAUTIONS). 

Preparation of Suspension (for 200 mL of a 2.5 mg/mL suspension) 

Add 10 mL of Purified Water USP to an 8 ounce (240 mL) amber polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle containing ten 50 mg losartan potassium tablets. Immediately shake for at least 2 minutes. Let the concentrate stand for 1 hour and then shake for 1 minute to disperse the tablet contents. Separately prepare a 50/50 volumetric mixture of Ora-PlusTM** and Ora-Sweet SF TM** .Add 190 mL of the 50/50 OraPlus TM/Ora-Sweet SF TM** mixture to the tablet and water slurry in the PET bottle and shake for 1 minute to disperse the ingredients. The suspension should be refrigerated at 2-8°C (36-46°F) and can be stored for up to 4 weeks. Shake the suspension prior to each use and return promptly to the refrigerator.
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Due to the subtlety of symptoms in the early stages of AD, rapid and accurate clinical diagnosis is challenging, leading to a high rate of misdiagnosis. Current research on early diagnosis of AD has not sufficiently focused on tracking the progression of the disease over an extended period in subjects. To address this issue, this paper proposes an ensemble model for assisting early diagnosis of AD that combines structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data from two time points with clinical information. The model employs a three-dimensional convolutional neural network (3DCNN) and twin neural network modules to extract features from the sMRI data of subjects at two time points, while a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) is used to model the clinical information of the subjects. The objective is to extract AD-related features from the multi-modal data of the subjects as much as possible, thereby enhancing the diagnostic performance of the ensemble model. Experimental results show that based on this model, the classification accuracy rate is 89% for differentiating AD patients from normal controls (NC), 88% for differentiating mild cognitive impairment converting to AD (MCIc) from NC, and 69% for distinguishing non-converting mild cognitive impairment (MCInc) from MCIc, confirming the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method for early diagnosis of AD, as well as its potential to play a supportive role in the clinical diagnosis of early Alzheimer's disease.
PURPOSE: Thyroglobulin assay is important to assess the residual or recurrence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Patients with positive serum thyroglobulin levels after radioactive iodine (RAI) adjuvant therapy could achieve long-term recurrence-free survival (RFS). The patient's prognosis could not be confidently estimated based solely on the evaluation of thyroglobulin levels. We investigated the recurrence rate and RFS of patients who received adjuvant RAI therapy after surgery for DTC to clarify the relationship between changes in pre- and post-therapy serum thyroglobulin levels and RFS.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent adjuvant RAI therapy between May 2007 and March 2021 were included in this study, whereas those with positive anti-thyroglobulin antibodies, distant metastases, or gross residual tumors were excluded. The change in pre- and post-treatment serum thyroglobulin levels under thyroid-stimulating hormone stimulation was calculated and classified as follows: group A, thyroglobulin levels decreased by ˃10%; group B, thyroglobulin levels within a range of 10% or less; and group C, thyroglobulin levels increased by ˃10%. RFS outcomes were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate analysis was performed using the log-rank test, and multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazard model.
RESULTS: A total of 74 patients were included. Relapse was seen in 13 of 46 patients in group A, 9 of 15 in group B, and 10 of 13 in group C. Median RFS was 129.00 (95% confidence interval CI 77.79-180.21), 113.00 (95% CI 86.83-139.17), and 33 months (95% CI 6.026-59.974) in groups A, B, and C, respectively. Patients in group C exhibited significantly shorter RFS than those in groups A and B (P = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Changes in thyroglobulin levels pre- and post-therapy were associated with RFS. Patients with decreased post-therapy thyroglobulin levels had a favorable prognosis, even if their thyroglobulin levels were positive after RAI therapy.
The control task program, like the intervention, comprises four weekly sessions lasting 15-20 minutes. In these sessions, children complete computerised tasks not requiring executive function skills. Instead, they require simple attention and decision making skills and visual search skills. For example, finding an item among distractors (e.g., a spaceship), or deciding which of two animals can fly (out of a bird and a fish). Children receive feedback on their responses.
After a complete mobilization of the colon, a resection 2-3 cm proximal to the ileocecal junction is conducted. Use a Pfannestiel incision to perform the anastomosis and to remove the resected colon. The ileorectal anastomosis is performed by introducing the stapler via the anus, with the intention of carrying out a ''cleaner,'' ''tensionless'' procedure.
Chronic heart failure is associated with poor prognosis in cardiac patients, although systemic effective drugs has been applied in these patients. European Society of Cardiology (ESC) has recommended ARNI Sacubitril/Valsartan as first-line drugs in replacement of ACEI (I, B) in 2016 for these patients. While American College of Cardiology and The American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) made a first-line recommendation that patients with heart failure due to reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) could be administrated ARNI directly. Hence, we apply this trial to find if ARNI could replace ACEI/ARB to provide insights for better treatment of chronic heart failure in China. This study is a randomized controlled multicenter clinical trial, in which about 340 patients with newly diagnosed or prior diagnosed chronic heart will be recruited. Patients will be randomly divided into Angiotensin-Neprilysin Inhibition (ARNI) group and ACEI/ARB group. All-cause death, cardiac death and re-hospitalization due to heart failure will be evaluated in 1, 3, 6, 12 months after recruitment. Other safety assessment including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), 6 minutes walk test will be followed up as well.
Each subject (normal and PCOS women) will be admitted to the UCSD General Clinical Research Center (GCRC) for study on 5 occasions. All subjects will receive an intravenous injection of hCG dose of 1, 10, 25, 100, and 250 micrograms, each of which will be given on one of 5 different days each separated by at least two weeks at 8 AM. Blood samples will be obtained at t -0.5, 0, and 24 hours after injection. All visits to the GCRC will be done as out patients. The total amount of blood withdrawn will be about 35 teaspoons. For normal control subjects this will be over a period of about 4-6 months and for PCOS subjects this will be over a period of about 6-10 weeks.
OBJECTIVES: I. Compare the response rate and duration of response to antiandrogen withdrawal alone vs. antiandrogen withdrawal plus ketoconazole/hydrocortisone in patients with advanced hormone-refractory prostate cancer. II. Compare the response rate and duration of response to ketoconazole/hydrocortisone in patients treated with previous vs. simultaneous antiandrogen withdrawal. III. Evaluate the proportion of patients with circulating prostate cancer cells identified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR). IV. Determine whether rt-PCR positively correlates with response. V. Compare the likelihood of response to these regimens in patients whose prior hormonal therapy consisted of initial combined androgen blockage vs. initial monotherapy followed later by an antiandrogen. VI. Correlate adrenal androgen synthesis suppression, as measured by levels of various adrenal androgens, with response.

OUTLINE: Randomized study. Patients who develop progressive disease on Arm I cross to Arm II. Arm I: Antiandrogen Withdrawal. Antiandrogen stopped. Arm II: Antiandrogen Withdrawal plus Adrenal Androgen Blockade. Antiandrogen stopped; plus Ketoconazole, KCZ; Hydrocortisone, HC, NSC-10483.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: Approximately 250 patients will be entered over 3 years to attain 238 eligible patients (including 25-40 minority patients).
Liver failure is characterised by the loss of liver function and is complicated with hepatic encephalopathy and coagulopathy. Liver transplantation (LT) is one of the widely recognised and leading treatments for end-stage liver disease. Malnutrition is one of the common manifestations of this critical condition and is also an independent predictor of mortality. Several studies have shown that malnutrition is a poor prognostic factor for LT, which indicates that nutritional support may reduce LT complications and improve survival.

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is usually prescribed for patients recommended prolonged fasting after LT. The supplement of SMOFlipid (soybean oil, MCT oil, olive oil, and fish oil) has the advantage of being easily metabolised to produce energy, and it has anti-inflammatory effects. The major therapeutic mechanism of fish oil is the attenuation of systematic inflammation, which may decrease the mortality risk in patients with severe injury and sepsis. SMOFlipid has been proven to be safe and well tolerated in a wide range of clinical conditions, and it is used as the standard lipid emulsion. Moreover, the short-term application of parenteral fish oil with soybean oil not only significantly reduces the parameters of liver damage in the postoperative period but also leads to a more balanced immune response, which may result in the faster resolution of inflammation and recovery. However, SMOFlipid emulsion use may be associated with coagulopathy after LT. Early studies have shown that the dietary intake of n-3 fatty acids, which is a component of fat, is associated with antithrombotic effects but increases the risk of bleeding. A detailed analysis is lacking, and these observations have yet to be proven; this concern persists. Hence, the investigators should pay attention to the bleeding tendency when using fish oil fat emulsion because it may aggravate the risk of bleeding. Therefore, the use of fish oil-containing fat emulsion and its related risks is a clinically important issue in early LT that should be investigated, because liver function is not restored immediately after transplantation, and there is a tendency of coagulopathy. Thus, classical haemostasis parameters such as activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and platelet count are measured prior to surgery and before the start of TPN. However, many questions remain unanswered regarding nutritional assessment and support for these seriously ill, nutritionally, and metabolically complex patients. This study evaluated the effect of the SMOFlipid supplement in TPN in LT patients.
BACKGROUND: Retrospective studies and randomized controlled trials support the safety of laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision (CME) for the treatment of right-sided colon cancer (RSCC). Few studies, however, examine the learning curve of this operation and its impact on safety during an implementation period. We aim to evaluate the learning curve and safety of the implementation of laparoscopic CME with intracorporeal anastomosis for RSCC.
METHODS: Consecutive patients undergoing a laparoscopic right colectomy with intracorporeal anastomosis for RSCC between January 2016 and June 2023 were included. Clinical, perioperative, and histopathological variables were collected. Correlation and cumulative sum (CUSUM) analyses between the operating time and case number were performed. Breakpoints of the learning curve were estimated using the broken-line model. CME and conventional laparoscopic right colectomy outcomes were compared after propensity score matching (PSM).
RESULTS: Two hundred and ninety patients underwent laparoscopic right colectomy during study period. One hundred and eight met inclusion criteria. After PSM, 56 non-CME and 28 CME patients were compared. CME group had a non-statistically significant tendency to a longer operating time (201 versus 195 min; p = 0.657) and a shorter hospital stay (3 versus 4 days; p = 0.279). No significant differences were found in total complication rates or their profile. Correlation analysis identified a significant trend toward operating time reduction with increasing case numbers (Pearson correlation coefficient =  - 0.624; p = 0.001). According to the CUSUM analysis, an institutional learning curve was deemed completed after 13 cases and the broken-line model identified three phases: learning (1-6 cases), consolidation (7-13 cases), and mastery (after 13 cases).
CONCLUSION: The learning curve of laparoscopic CME for RSCC can be achieved after 13 cases in centers with experience in advanced laparoscopic surgery and surgeons with familiarity with this technique. Its implementation within this setting seems to be as safe as performing a conventional right colectomy.
The most common major complication after pancreatic resection is postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF), which is defined as a drain output of any measurable volume of fluid on and after postoperative day 3 with an amylase content \> 3 times the upper limit of normal serum level. Gradual withdrawal of surgically placed drains in patients who are clinically stable and tolerate a diet is generally adopted to hasten closure of POPF. For high-output fistulas (\> 150-200 mL of amylase-rich fluid per day), patients are initially managed with fasting and enteral or parenteral nutrition. If fistula output decreases substantially with these measures and the patient remains clinically well, drain withdrawal is initiated and oral intake is slowly restarted. If the patient remains well despite high fistula output, drains are slowly withdrawn in an attempt to decrease the output and close the fistula. When the output decrease to less than 10 mL per day, the drains are removed.

However, the current standard practice of gradual drain withdrawal is time consuming. Although clinically stable can be discharged with the drain, the drainage tube often remains in place for a prolonged period, with patient discomfort and increased medical cost. In a pilot study by the investigators, 32.5% (37/114) of POPF patients required drainage for longer than 21 days. Besides, there is also considerable risk of recurrent fluid collection along the drain tube tract after drain removal.

The investigators' experience has shown that trans-drain occlusion of the drain tract achieves fistula closure, enabling immediate removal of the drain. In a pilot study, 20 patients underwent trans-catheter occlusion for POPFs that persisted for more than 3 weeks after placement of drainage tubes. No subjective symptoms or abnormalities in blood tests were noted in 17 patients after the procedure. Three patients had abdominal pain without signs of infection, and the pain spontaneously subsided after conservative treatment. POPF healed immediately after occlusion in all of the 20 patients without recurrence during follow-up. This multicenter, investigator initiated, prospective, superiority, parallel-group, randomized, double-blinded trial aims to compare the efficacy and safety of trans-drain occlusion followed by gradual withdrawal of drain versus gradual withdrawal of drain alone for POPF that persists for longer than 21 days.
This study involves the collection of medical information to create a computer database or registry for patients with PH, Dent disease, cystinuria and APRT deficiency. The information will be entered into the registry by your physician or health care provider. The computer web site for the registry is secure and protected by a required password. Some information which will be entered may include your age at first symptoms of PH,Dent disease, cystinuria or APRT, laboratory values, kidney function and the progress of your health over time. Information for an individual patient can only be viewed by the appropriate physician or staff. Once the information is entered into the registry, you will only be identified by a code number.
BACKGROUND: Increasing research has shown that select surgical procedures can be performed in an office-based environment with low complication rates. Within the field of plastic surgery, these findings have mainly been studied in adult populations. However, studies regarding the safety and efficacy of office-based plastic surgery in the pediatric population are lacking. In the present study, we demonstrate that appropriately selected office-based pediatric plastic surgery procedures can be performed under local anesthesia for a variety of common surgical indications with low complication rates.
METHODS: A retrospective case series of pediatric plastic surgery patients who underwent in-office procedures under local anesthesia at a single academic institution from September 2014 to June 2020 was performed.
RESULTS: Five hundred nine patients were treated in an office setting for various etiologies over the study period. A total of 48.9% of the patients were male and 51.1% were female. Patient age at time of procedure ranged from 24 days to 17 years of age with a median age of 13 years. A total of 778 lesions were treated. There were 10 total complications (1.29%) over the study period with only one surgical site infection that resolved with antibiotic treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: Our work indicates that select pediatric plastic surgery procedures can be performed under local anesthesia with low complication rates.
Bee propolis obtained in Cordillera Administrative Region apiaries was reported to contain flavonoid aglycones (7-glucoside and 3-rutinoside). Their presence was confirmed using thin layer chromatography by comparing the Rf(retention factor) values obtained for each constituent to the official Rf values: 0.32 for 7-glucoside, 0.45 for 3-rutinoside and, 0.21 for 3-(caffeylsophoroside)-7-glucoside. The flavonoid content is responsible for its antimicrobial activity. Determination of the physicochemical properties such as specific gravity, solubility and thermal stability of the bee propolis alcoholic extract was done. The physicochemical properties of the propolis extract were determined. The specific gravity is 0.9765; soluble in ethyl alcohol and chloroform and stable to increasing temperatures. Antimicrobial activity of the bee propolis extract and the formulated cream were evaluated using bacterial and fungal test organisms obtained from UP Culture Collection (Bacillus subtilis UPCC 1295, Pseudomonas aeruginosa UPCC 1244, Staphylococcus aureus 1143, and Candida albicans UPCC 2168). The test cream was subjected to pre-clinical tests (patch test and scratch test) using rabbits as test organisms to evaluate its safety. From the results it was found that the cream is non-irritant. The formulated cream was also subjected to stability test for 6 months using temperature (2 -8 oC, 30+2 oC and 40+2 oC) and pH as the parameters of predicting the approximate shelf-life of the product. The approximate shelf-life of the product was computed to be 24 months based from the US-FDA guidelines.