anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Cough is the most common symptom leading to medical consultation. Chronic cough results in significant health care costs, impairs quality of life, and may indicate the presence of a serious underlying condition. Here, we present a summary of an updated position statement on cough management in the clinical consultation.
MAIN RECOMMENDATIONS: Assessment of children and adults requires a focused history of chronic cough to identify any red flag cough pointers that may indicate an underlying disease. Further assessment with examination should include a chest x-ray and spirometry (when age > 6 years). Separate paediatric and adult diagnostic management algorithms should be followed. Management of the underlying condition(s) should follow specific disease guidelines, as well as address adverse environmental exposures and patient/carer concerns. First Nations adults and children should be considered a high risk group. The full statement from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand and Lung Foundation Australia for managing chronic cough is available at https://lungfoundation.com.au/resources/cicada-full-position-statement.
CHANGES IN MANAGEMENT AS A RESULT OF THIS STATEMENT: Algorithms for assessment and diagnosis of adult and paediatric chronic cough are recommended. High quality evidence supports the use of child-specific chronic cough management algorithms to improve clinical outcomes, but none exist in adults. Red flags that indicate serious underlying conditions requiring investigation or referral should be identified. Early and effective treatment of chronic wet/productive cough in children is critical. Culturally specific strategies for facilitating the management of chronic cough in First Nations populations should be adopted. If the chronic cough does not resolve or is unexplained, the patient should be referred to a respiratory specialist or cough clinic.
INTRODUCTION: Essential components of fast-track or enhanced recovery programs in arthroplasty are the optimization of interdisciplinary organizational processes, as well as pre-, intra- and postoperative procedures in everyday clinical practice. The early postoperative mobilization of patients after joint replacement surgery is of central importance, with the aim of avoiding pain and complications. This article provides a detailed overview of fast-track procedures that have already been established in many units. Furthermore, it demonstrates the clinical advantages of FastTrack for total hip arthroplasty (THA) in an evidence-based manner within the framework of a randomized study design.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: 194 primary THA patients were examined after randomization into two single-blinded groups; Fast-Track (n = 98) or conventional treatment path (n = 96). Mobilization was defined as the primary outcome parameter, measured in seconds using the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG). Secondary parameters were the achievable walking distance in meters and pain using the numerical rating scale (NRS). All parameters were recorded preoperatively and daily until the sixth postoperative day.
RESULTS: No complications or revisions were recorded within the first postoperative week. The fast-track group showed significantly better TUG values and walking distance results compared to the conventional group until the sixth postoperative day (p < 0.05, respectively). There was no significant difference regarding the pain assessment (NRS) (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The use of Fast-Track in hip arthroplasty can evidently improve short-term postoperative clinical outcomes. This first prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled study showed very good clinical results with comparable pain after FastTrack THA compared to a conventional treatment path. Fast-Track concepts are highly effective in terms of early mobilization and clinical outcome-without incurring a higher risk of complications in the short term.
The aim of this study was to investigate dermal delivery of the new active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) TOP-N53 into diabetic foot ulcer using an in vitro wound model consisting of pig ear dermis and elucidate the impact of drug formulation and wound dressing taking into consideration clinical relevance in the home care setting and possible bacterial infection. Different formulation approaches for the poorly water-soluble API including colloidal solubilization, drug micro-suspension and cosolvent addition were investigated; moreover, the effect of (micro-)viscosity of hydrogels used as primary wound dressing on delivery was assessed. Addition of Transcutol® P as cosolvent to water improved solubility and was significantly superior to all other approaches providing a sustained three-day delivery that reached therapeutic drug levels in the tissue. Solubilization in micelles or liposomes, on the contrary, did not boost delivery while micro-suspensions exhibited sedimentation on the tissue surface. Microbial contamination was responsible for considerable metabolism of the drug leading to tissue penetration of metabolites which may be relevant for therapeutic effect. Use of hydrogels under semi-occlusive conditions significantly reduced drug delivery in a viscosity-dependent fashion. Micro-rheologic analysis of the gels using diffusive wave spectroscopy confirmed the restricted diffusion of drug particles in the gel lattice which correlated with the obtained tissue delivery results. Hence, the advantages of hydrogel dressings from the applicatory characteristic point of view must be weighed against their adverse effect on drug delivery. The employed in vitro wound model was useful for the assessment of drug delivery and the development of a drug therapy concept for chronic diabetic foot ulcer. Mechanistic insights about formulation and dressing performance may be applied to drug delivery in other skin conditions such as digital ulcer.
PURPOSE: Anti SARS-CoV-2 vaccination initially showed high effectiveness in preventing COVID-19. However, after the surge of variants of concern, the effectiveness dropped. Several studies investigated if this was related to the decrease of the humoral response over time; however, this issue is still unclear. The aim of this study was to understand whether SARS-CoV-2 anti-S IgG levels can be used to predict breakthrough infection risk and define the timing for further booster doses administration.
METHOD: Within the framework of the ORCHESTRA Project, over 20,000 health workers from 11 European centers were enrolled since December 2020. We performed two Cox proportional hazards survival analyses regarding pre-Omicron (from January to July 2021) and Omicron (December 2021-May 2022) periods. The serological response was classified as high (above the 75th percentile), medium (25th-75th), or low (< 25th).
RESULTS: Seventy-four (0.33%) and 2122 (20%) health workers were infected during the first and second periods, respectively. Both Cox analyses showed that having high anti-S titer was linked to a significantly lower risk of infection as compared to having medium serological response [HR of high vs medium anti-S titer = 0.27 (95% CI 0.11-0.66) during the first phase, HR = 0.76 (95% CI 0.62-0.93) during the second phase].
CONCLUSION: Vaccine effectiveness wanes significantly after new variants surge, making anti-S titer unsuitable to predict optimal timing for further booster dose administration. Studies on other immunological indicators, such as cellular immunity, are therefore needed to better understand the mechanisms and duration of protection against breakthrough infection risk.
Subjects were enrolled to consume 500 mL of orange juice/day during three consecutive 14 days periods separated by 1 - 1.5 month washouts. The orange juice assayed was freshly squeezed (FS). Six subjects consumed FS-orange juice.
PURPOSE: Esophageal cancer is a lethal tumor typically treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery. For patients undergoing esophagectomy, postoperative enteral nutrition is important in preventing complications. Sarcopenia is associated with poor postoperative outcomes in esophageal cancer. In this study, we evaluated the benefits of tube feeding intervention and compared its short- and long-term outcomes in patients who underwent esophagectomy.
METHODS: Propensity score matching was performed in 303 patients who underwent esophagectomy at Kobe University Hospital between 2010 and 2020. Patients were divided into feeding and nonfeeding jejunostomy tube groups (n = 70 each). The feeding jejunostomy tube group was further divided into long-term (≥ 60 days) and short-term (< 60 days) subgroups. The groups were then retrospectively compared regarding postoperative albumin levels, body weight, and psoas muscle area and volume.
RESULTS: In the long-term feeding jejunostomy tube group, anastomotic leakage (p = 0.013) and left laryngeal nerve palsy (p = 0.004) occurred frequently. There were no significant between-group differences in postoperative albumin levels, body weight, or psoas muscle area. However, significant psoas muscle volume recovery was confirmed in the long-term jejunostomy tube group at 6 months postoperatively (p = 0.041).
CONCLUSIONS: Tube feeding intervention after minimally invasive esophagectomy may attenuate skeletal muscle mass loss and help prevent sarcopenia.
A composition is provided, wherein the composition comprises a water- swellable, water-insoluble polymer or a water-soluble polymer, a blend of a hydrophilic polymer and a complementary oligomer capable of hydrogen bonding to the hydrophilic polymer. The composition also includes a second water-swellable, water-insoluble polymer that provides for a phase separating film forming composition. Active ingredients, such as a whitening agent, may be included. The composition finds utility as an oral dressing, for example, a tooth whitening composition that is applied to the teeth in need of whitening, and removed when the degree of whitening has been achieved. In certain embodiments, the composition is translucent. Methods for preparing and using the compositions are also disclosed.
A three-phase emulsion system is provided which comprises from 2 percent to 30 percent by wt. emulsifier; from 20 percent to 80 percent by wt. of one or more oil-based functional ingredients; from 20 percent to 80 percent by wt. silicone oil; and from 0.1 percent to 30 percent by wt. water. The emulsion is in a water continuous or oil-continuous form. The composition is such that loss of functional ingredients in a wash situation is minimized and that the emulsions have enhanced occlusive properties.
A bactericidal disinfectant and an antibacterial drug each characterized by containing a cationic polymer represented by the general formula [1]; and a method of obtaining an antibacterial material with the bactericidal disinfectant. In the formula, R1 is C¿1-4? alkly or hydroxyalkyl or C2-4 alkenyl; R?2¿ is C¿2-10? alkylene; R?3¿ is C¿2-6? heteroalkylene or hydroxylated heteroalkylene; A?-¿ is an anion; and n is 40 to 500. [1] The bactericidal disinfectant, antibacterial drug, and antibacterial material are free from skin troubles such as skin irritation, redness, skin chapping, and skin sensitization, have effective bactericidal and antibacterial effects even in a low concentration, and are highly effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
A tissue thickness compensator may generally comprise a compressible core comprising a plurality of movable particles, and a wrap surrounding the compressible core. The plurality of movable particles may comprise at least one medicament. A tissue thickness compensator may generally comprise a compressible core comprising a plurality of crushable particles, and a wrap surrounding the compressible core. The plurality of crushable particles may comprise at least one medicament. The compressible core may comprise a material selected from a group consisting of a biocompatible material. The wrap may comprise a material selected from a group consisting of a biocompatible material. Articles of manufacture comprising the tissue thickness compensator and methods of making and using the tissue thickness compensator are also described.
Following the operations, the stability of the dental implants was measured at the 1st (T1), 4th (T4), and 12th (T12) weeks using Periotest (Periotest M, Modautal/Germany) and Osstell (Osstell AB-W\&H, Sweden) devices. In accordance with the manufacturers' recommendations, the final implant stability quotient (ISQ) and Periotest values were determined by calculating the average of three measurements per implant. At the same time, periodontal index values of probing depth (PD-mm) and bleeding on probing (BOP-%) were recorded at the site of the dental implant at T4 and T12.
A water treatment system for treating water for use in improving the intestinal flora of livestock and poultry. The treated water for livestock and poultry use provides water with increased dissolved oxygen such that when the treated water is ingested, the livestock and poultry have increased lactic acid producing bacteria and decreased coliforms in the intestine. Increasing the molecular oxygen content in the intestine through providing the birds with treated water containing higher an increased level of dissolved oxygen alters the balance of flora in favor of the beneficial bacteria, thereby improving bird health and performance. By reducing the numbers of strict anaerobes in the gut of the growing bird, the risk of infectious disease, and hence morbidity and mortality are reduced. This allows the beneficial bacteria to proliferate thereby enhancing the digestion and absorption of available nutrients to the bird. The net effect of encouraging the beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacilli, and suppressing the pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus, Escherichia coli, Clostridium and Helicobacter pylori, is greater body weight and improved feed efficiency and healthier animals with fewer antibiotics. The system includes a water treatment filter, a flow meter that coordinates with a flow switch and an electrocatalytic cell coupled to a holding chamber that is attached to an outlet of the cell.
For patients with stage IIB (T3N0), IIIA, or IIIB breast cancer, epirubicin and vinorelbine will be administered for up to 5 cycles. For patients with stage IV breast cancer, epirubicin and vinorelbine will be administered as long as there is evidence of continued response or stable disease and no evidence of cardiac or other serious toxicities.
Methods: In the study, 60 nurses were randomly assigned to acupressure and placebo acupressure groups. To the acupressure group (n = 30), an average of 10 minutes will be applied to the Shen Men, the 7th acupoint (HT7) of the heart meridian located between the ulna and pisiform bones, on the radial side of the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon, and the Sanyinjia points on the splenic meridian (SP6) located on the inner side of the lower leg, four fingers above the ankle and behind the tibia. In the placebo acupressure group (n = 30), the points 1.5 cm away from the HT7 and SP6 points (four points in total) will be applied for an average of 10 minutes. The primary outcome of the research is the effect of acupressure on the sleep quality of nurses. The secondary outcome of the study is to determine the effect of acupressure on daytime sleepiness. The outcomes will be collected before and four weeks after the acupressure and placebo acupressure administration.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject new compound having both an antithrombogenic action and a vascular intima hyperplasia-inhibiting action and useful as a medicine for treating and preventing ischemic diseases. SOLUTION: A compound of formula I (A is a lower alkylene; R<1> and R<2> are each the same or different lower alkyl which may have a substituent such as OH, etc.; R<3> is H, a lower alkyl, etc.; R is H, a halogen, etc.; the carbon- carbon bond at the 3, 4 positions of the carbostyryl skeleton is a single or double bond) or its salt. For example, 6- 3-[3-(trans-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)-3- cyclopropylureido]propoxy}carbostyryl. The compound of formula I is obtained by reacting a compound of formula II with a compound of formula III (X is a halogen, a lower alkylsufonyloxy, etc.,) in the presence of a base. The compound of formula I is useful for treating and preventing thrombotic diseases and arteriosclerotic diseases.
Therapy with UFH with targeted аPTT lasts for 24 hours (no more than 48 hours in total). Then the change to oral anticoagulants is performed.
The human retinoblastoma gene (RB 1) encodes a protein (Rb) of 105 kD that can be phosphorylated.  Analysis of Rb metabolism has shown that the protein is stable and is synthesized at all phases of the cell cycle.  Newly synthesized Rb is not extensively phosphorylated (underphosphorylated) in cells in the G0 and G1 phases, but is phosphorylated at multiple sites at the G1/S boundary and in the S phase.  HL-60 cells that were induced to terminally differentiate by various chemicals lost their ability multiply phosphorylate newly synthesised Rb when cell growth was arrested.  These findings suggest that underphosphorylated Rb may restrict cell proliferation. Medicaments that inhibit cell proliferation in cells containing Rb protein are described.  This type of medicament comprises administration of a compound capable of inhibiting phosphorylation of Rb in proliferating cells.  The compound can be selected from a group consisting of retinoic acid, dimethyl sulphoxide, butyric acid and TGF-A.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled drug consisting of an easily soluble freeze-dried cake and containing redispersed oil droplets having sufficiently small size to enable the administration by intravenous injection, by dissolving a vehicle and a specific water-soluble polymer in the aqueous phase of an O/W-type emulsion, and freeze-drying the solution. CONSTITUTION:A vehicle (e.g. saccharide, urea, etc.) and a water-soluble polymer selected from PVA, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, low-molecular weight gelatin, PEG, etc. are dissolved in the aqueous phase of an O/W-type emulsion. The obtained aqueous solution is mixed with an oil (e.g. soybean oil, linoleic acid, etc.) preferably at a ratio of (30-15):1, emulsified, and freeze-dried to obtain the objective drug preparation. The dissolution of the water-soluble polymer in the aqueous phase is effective to prevent the coagulation of the emulsion particles in the freeze-drying process, and accordingly, the obtained cake has excellent appearance and solubility and gives an emulsion having oil particle diameter of <=2-3mum.
3-Phenoxypyridine bisulphate (I) (prepd. from 1 mole 3-phenoxypyridine and 1 mole sulphuric acid) is new. (The cpd. is referred to as the monosulphate throughout the specification). Cpd. (I) is a psychostimulant used to (a) calm hyperactive individuals esp. children; (b) improve the mental state of patients suffering from depression; and (c) improve the alertness of patients suffering from senility or mental fatigue and cardiotonic used to treat congestive cardiac insufficiency, acute cardiogenic shock, myocardial ischemia and myocardial depression resulting from the absorption of barbiturates or other depressants. Most salts of 3-phenoxypyridine are difficult to isolate (hygroscopic) or toxic. The bisulphate (I) is a crystalline product which is essentially non-hygroscopic which is sy suprising as the sulphate (prepd. from 2 moles of 3-phenoxypyridine and 1 mole H2SO4) is impossible to isolate in a crystalline state.
PBM therapy was performed with a low-intensity laser (Airdoc, MPC Co.,Ltd., Beijing, China) with an irradiance of 0.6±0.2 mW, a wavelength of 650 nm±10 nm, and illumination of approximately 400 lux on average. The lighting spot for therapy is a dot. Only one eye will be treated with PBM therapy.
Mixture of three selected probiotic strains for human use in a form of capsules, is a probiotic, a dietary supplement for use as a help to prevent an allergic reaction and consequently reduce the onset and intensity of allergic manifestations - digestive, skin and respiratory (food allergies, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and asthma), to strengthen and stabilize immunity, and to resolve gastrointestinal disorders. It is intended for children older than 3 years and adults. Use: Drink 1 capsule once a day before meal with a glass of water. Drink for 30 days, and if needed the use can be repeated. For young children and people who cannot swallow the capsule, dissolve the capsule content in a small amount of water and drink it. When a mixture of three selected probiotic strains for human use, the capsules, is taken with oral antibiotic therapy, it should be taken 2 hours after the applied dose of the antibiotic.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled edible drug preparation applicable easily and firmly to an objective part in oral cavity to give a durable film and giving no unagreeable feeling to the mouth, by laminating a sticking layer composed of a hydrophilic polymeric compound and a drug on a film composed of collagen. CONSTITUTION:A film composed of collagen is used as a substrate which is laminated with a sticking layer composed of a drug and a carrier consisting of a hydrophilic polymeric compound (e.g. gun arabic, PEG, carboxyvinyl polymer, etc.) to obtain the titled drug preparation. The thickness of the film is preferably 0.02-0.2mm. The dissolution loss of the active drug component from the substrate can be almost completely eliminated. Since the rate of dissolution of the hydrophilic polymeric compound can be properly controlled, the disintegration of the preparation can be retarded. Accordingly, the drug preparation can be maintained for a long period in the oral cavity to improve the remedying and preventive effects.
Attempts to furnish antitumor structural templates that can prevent the occurrence of drug-induced hyperuricemia spurred us to generate xanthine oxidase inhibitor-based hydroxamic acids and anilides. Specifically, the design strategy involved the insertion of febuxostat (xanthine oxidase inhibitor) as a surface recognition part of the HDAC inhibitor pharmacophore model. Investigation outcomes revealed that hydroxamic acid 4 elicited remarkable antileukemic effects mediated via HDAC isoform inhibition. Delightfully, the adduct retained xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity, though xanthine oxidase inhibition was not the underlying mechanism of its cell growth inhibitory effects. Also, compound 4 demonstrated significant in-vivo anti-hyperuricemic (PO-induced hyperuricemia model) and antitumor activity in an HL-60 xenograft mice model. Compound 4 was conjugated with poly (ethylene glycol) poly(aspartic acid) block copolymer to furnish pH-responsive nanoparticles (NPs) in pursuit of circumventing its cytotoxicity towards the normal cell lines. SEM analysis revealed that NPs had uniform size distributions, while TEM analysis ascertained the spherical shape of NPs, indicating their ability to undergo self-assembly. HDAC inhibitor 4 was liberated from the matrix due to the polymeric nanoformulation's pH-responsiveness, and the NPs demonstrated selective cancer cell targeting ability.
The treatment arm will be given up to 1 hour of physiotherapist-prescribed resistive training exercises administered via a telerehabilitation device per day in addition to standard therapy for a total of 10 sessions over a 2 week period. They will be evaluated for motor strength, activity of daily living performance, mood and perceived level of health.
PURPOSE: A pharmaceutical composition containing apolipoprotein A1 and dendritic cells is provided to ensure excellent anticancer effect. CONSTITUTION: A composition for maturing dendritic cells contains apolipoprotein A1. The apolipoprotein A1 is derived from human blood or mouse bone marrow. The maturation of the dendritic cells is confirmed by CD83 or CD86 expression. Immature dendritic cells are prepared by differentiating monocytes which is directly isolated from human blood. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating cancer contains apolipoprotein A1 and dendritic cells as an active ingredient. The cancer is colon cancer.