anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The ability of flow cytometry to identify and quantify the presence of cell populations defined by their expression profile of specific markers has made this technique a powerful and routinary tool in clinical diagnostic practice. Specifically in the field of hematological malignancies, flow cytometry allows the identification of the correct type and lineage of each patient's disease and also sensitively quantifies the presence of the disease at precise moments during treatment, that is, levels of measurable residual disease (MRD). The quantification of MRD by flow cytometry has allowed the adaptation of tailored therapies to patients, contributing to the improvement of the results of the different protocols in recent decades. In this context, our objective in the present work was to evaluate the potential impact that spectral flow cytometry can provide compared to conventional cytometry, which is the one usually used in clinics. We present here a comparative study of both technologies, spectral versus conventional flow cytometry, in primary samples corresponding to the diagnosis and follow-up of children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Our initial experience demonstrates the feasibility of incorporating spectral flow cytometry into the routine workflow of a reference laboratory.
NEW MATERIAL:The compound of formula I [X is H or OH; n is 1-10; Z is O, vinylene residue or single bond; R is (substituted) aromatic group or heterocyclic group]. EXAMPLE:Phenetyl 2-chano-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoate. USE:A remedy for circulatory diseases. It has 12-lipoxygenase-inhibiting action and is useful for the remedy and prevention of arteriosclerosis, etc. PREPARATION:The compound of formula I can be produced by the conventional Knoevenagel condensation reaction of a cyanoacetic acid ester of formula II (R'' is R which may have protected functional substituent) and a benzaldehyde derivative of formula III in the presence of a base (e.g. pyridine) in a solvent (e.g. benzene). The starting compound of formula II is obtained by reacting an alcohol compound of formula R-Z-(CH2)n-OH with cyanoacetic acid in the presence of a condensation agent.
Controlled Substance. Pentazocine and naloxone hydrochlorides tablets are a Schedule IV controlled substance.

There have been some reports of dependence and of withdrawal symptoms with orally administered pentazocine. Patients with a history of drug dependence should be under close supervision while receiving pentazocine orally. There have been rare reports of possible abstinence syndromes in newborns after prolonged use of pentazocine during pregnancy.

There have been instances of psychological and physical dependence on parenteral pentazocine in patients with a history of drug abuse and rarely, in patients without such a history. Abrupt discontinuance following the extended use of parenteral pentazocine has resulted in withdrawal symptoms.

In prescribing pentazocine for chronic use, the physician should take precautions to avoid increases in dose by the patient.

The amount of naloxone present in pentazocine and naloxone hydrochlorides tablets (0.5 mg per tablet) has no action when taken orally and will not interfere with the pharmacologic action of pentazocine. However, this amount of naloxone given by injection has profound antagonistic action to narcotic analgesics.

Severe, even lethal, consequences may result from misuse of tablets by injection either alone or in combination with other substances, such as pulmonary emboli, vascular occlusion, ulceration and abscesses, and withdrawal symptoms in narcotic dependent individuals.

Pentazocine and naloxone hydrochlorides tablets contain an opioid antagonist, naloxone (0.5 mg). Naloxone is inactive when administered orally at this dose, and its inclusion in pentazocine and naloxone hydrochlorides tablets is intended to curb a form of misuse of oral pentazocine. Parenterally, naloxone is an active narcotic antagonist. Thus, pentazocine and naloxone hydrochlorides tablets have a lower potential for parenteral misuse than the previous oral pentazocine hydrochloride formulation. However, it is still subject to patient misuse and abuse by the oral route.
OBJECTIVE: To examine trends of Antiseizure Medication (ASM) reduction and discontinuation, as well as Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizure (PNES) spell reduction and resolution in patients with PNES, with and without comorbid epileptic seizures (ES).
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 145 patients with PNES, including 109 with PNES alone and 36 with PNES plus comorbid epilepsy. Patients were admitted to the Epilepsy Monitoring Unit (EMU) between May 2000 and April 2008, with follow-up clinical data collected until September 2015. Clinical records were thoroughly examined, encompassing the period preceding the PNES diagnosis until either loss to follow-up or September 2015. A subsequent chart review was conducted by two neurologists, covering the period following the diagnosis of PNES until either loss to follow-up or September 2015, which ever came first.
RESULTS: Patients with PNES alone had higher rates of ASM reduction for all variables of ASM reduction measured compared to those with comorbid epilepsy (all at p < 001). Among patients with PNES alone, reductions in ASMs were observed after EMU discharge, but an uptick and plateau were seen in later follow-up years (100% of patients free of ASMs at years 2-3, 20% on at least one ASM by year 7). This pattern differs greatly in PNES + ES patients, in which the only time point at which any patient was able to discontinue all ASMs was at EMU discharge (4.5% of patients), with all patients taking at least one ASM for every other follow-up time point. Reductions in PNES spell frequency did not differ significantly between the two groups (for example PNES spells reduced at final FU 47.2% vs 42.9%, p = 0.65). In both groups, despite an initial drop in variables of PNES spell reduction and resolution in the early years post discharge, there is an eventual rebound and plateau (for example in PNES only patients, 33.9% of patients having no resolution in 1st year FU, which rises to 78% at years 4-5, and plateus around 52.8% at more than 7 years follow-up.) SIGNIFICANCE: This study contributes to the growing body of research focused on improving the current approach to management and prognostic outlook of PNES. Although PNES only patients had higher rates of ASM reduction, the uptick and plateau observed in later years highlights the challenges in managing PNES. Similarly, the continued persistence and rebound of PNES spells underline the continued poor prognostic outcomes associated with this condition.
Extracellular domains 1 and 2 of a porcine LAG-3 are provided to inhibit the activity of a human T lymphocyte during human-porcine immune reaction, thereby being usefully used for treating or preventing an acute graft-versus-host disease caused by xenotransplantation. A porcine LAG-3 gene includes a sequence coding an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID : NO. 2. A porcine LAG-3 protein includes an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID : NO. 2. A porcine LAG-3 fused immunoglobulin consists of extracellular domains 1 and 2 of a porcine LAG-3 having the amino sequences from 23rd to 247th of the SEQ ID : NO. 2 and a human immunoglobulin Fc fragment. A recombinant expression vector includes extracellular domain 1 and 2 genes of a porcine LAG-3 having sequences from 67th to 741st of SEQ ID : NO. 1 and a human immunoglobulin Fc gene. A composition for inhibiting the activity of a human T lymphocyte includes the porcine LAG-3 fused immunoglobulin as an effective ingredient.
Background: Intra-amniotic infection (IAI) or chorioamnionitis is a common condition seen in obstetrics leading to labor abnormalities such as uterine atony, postpartum bleeding and preterm labor (Schrag et al., 2006). Further adverse effects such as perinatal death, asphyxia, sepsis, pneumonia, respiratory distress and especially neurodevelopmental delay and cerebral palsy are associated with IAI (Buhimschi et al., 2009; Holzman, Lin, Senagore, \& Chung, 2007). Diagnosing IAI can be challenging due to its very heterogeneous clinical signs, which are often very insensitive for this condition. Clinical findings such as fever, tachycardia and maternal leukocytosis leave room for multiple differential diagnoses. During apoptosis (due to hypoxia, cell damage or infection) the cell membrane integrity is disturbed, releasing the cytoplasm into the blood circulation. Circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA acts as a damage associated molecular pattern (DAMP) by activating the innate immune system leading to inflammation (Matzinger, 1994). These DAMPs are evolutionary conserved and have structural similarity to their bacterial ancestor (Zhang et al., 2010). Therefore, cell-free mitochondria can act as a potent agent triggering the immune system in an autoimmune manner as well as a biomarker for cell damage due to infection.

Objective: Finding a predictive biomarker for IAI could improve the clinical outcome for the mother and the neonate. The aim of this study is to quantify the copy number of circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA in maternal serum and the placenta compared to controls. Investigators hypothesize that circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA levels could help predict the likelihood of early inflammation in IAI. In addition, mitochondrial DNA could be a promotor triggering the pathogenesis of systemic inflammation.

Methods: For this study the investiagtors planned 2 groups each consisting of 30 patients. The control group are pregnant women without IAI. The intervention group will be women with premature preterm rupture of membranes (pProm), suffering from IAI (meeting the diagnostic criteria for IAI suggested by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Workshop). 12ml of venous blood will be drawn from a peripheral venous line in addition to routine blood tests, when the patient arrives at the ward (2 weeks before delivery). A further 12ml of venous blood will be taken from the peripheral venous line, during delivery (during delivery). In addition, 12ml of venous blood will be drawn from the placenta postpartum. In total, 36 ml of blood will be withdrawn in each patient. Circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA will be quantified in maternal and placental serum by real time quantitative PCR and statistical analysis will be performed by non-parametric tests.

Design: Single center, prospective, observational pilot trial.
Clinical studies of metoclopramide did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether elderly subjects respond differently from younger subjects.

The risk of developing parkinsonian-like side effects increases with ascending dose. Geriatric patients should receive the lowest dose of metoclopramide that is effective. If parkinsonian-like symptoms develop in a geriatric patient receiving metoclopramide, metoclopramide should generally be discontinued before initiating any specific anti-parkinsonian agents (see and , ). WARNINGSDOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATIONFor the Relief of Symptomatic Gastroesophageal Reflux

The elderly may be at greater risk for tardive dyskinesia (see , ). WARNINGSTardive Dyskinesia

Sedation has been reported in metoclopramide users. Sedation may cause confusion and manifest as over-sedation in the elderly (see ; , ; and , ). CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGYPRECAUTIONSInformation for PatientsADVERSE REACTIONSCNS Effects

Metoclopramide is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function (see , ). DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATIONUse in Patients With Renal or Hepatic Impairment

For these reasons, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased renal function, concomitant disease, or other drug therapy in the elderly (see , and ). DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATIONFor the Relief of Symptomatic Gastroesophageal RefluxUse in Patients With Renal or Hepatic Impairment
Pain and psychopathology are observed in 18% and 55% of patients, respectively, 1 year after intensive care unit (ICU) admission. It is well known that chronic pain and psychopathology have a bidirectional relation in the general population, but it is not known whether this holds true for ICU survivors. The aim of this study was to investigate whether pain before, during and after ICU admission is related to psychopathology in ICU survivors 1 year after discharge. We performed a cohort study in a mixed ICU in the Netherlands between 2013 and 2016. At 1-year follow-up, patients completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Impact of Event Scale/Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and answered standardised questions regarding pain. Psychopathology was defined as having anxiety, depressive and/or post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association of pain before, during and after ICU admission with psychopathology at 1 year follow-up. We included 1105 patients of whom 558 (50%) (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.48 to 0.54) had psychopathology at 1 year follow-up. Pain before ICU admission (odds ratio (OR) 1.18; 95% CI 1.10 to 1.26) and pain after ICU admission (OR 2.38; 95% CI 1.68 to 3.35) were associated with psychopathology. Pain during ICU stay was not associated with psychopathology, but the memory of insufficient pain management during ICU stay was (OR 2.19; 95% CI 1.39 to 3.45). Paying attention to pain and pain treatment experiences related to ICU admission may therefore contribute to early identification of ICU survivors at risk of psychopathology development.
BACKGROUND: Non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is a time-dependent neurological disorder often misdiagnosed in the emergency setting. Electroencephalography (EEG) is often not available on a 24/7 basis, and Salzburg criteria may at times miss the diagnosis. Here, we tested the accuracy of hyperperfusion on CT perfusion imaging (CTP) in the identification of NCSE against Salzburg criteria, to define its potential role in a pragmatic diagnostic workflow.
METHODS: We enrolled consecutive patients with suspected acute seizure or seizure disorder undergoing brain imaging with CTP and EEG from January 2021 to March 2023. EEG recordings, Salzburg criteria and CTP hyperperfusion were rated and adjudicated by two independent experts blinded to patient status. A reference standard including all clinical, lab, imaging, EEG and therapeutic data was used to adjudicate NCSE diagnosis. Sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, positive and negative predictive values (NPV) were calculated for CTP hyperperfusion and Salzburg criteria versus NCSE adjudicated according to reference standard.
RESULTS: Seventy-seven patients were enrolled. Among 21 NCSE cases, 17 were adjudicated according to Salzburg criteria (81%) and 4 received NCSE diagnosis according to reference standard. Agreement between EEG and CTP emerged in 16/21 NCSE cases, reaching sublobar level in 37.5% of cases. Receiver operator curve analysis suggested good accuracy for CTP hyperperfusion for the diagnosis of NCSE (AUROC 0.79, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.89). CTP hyperperfusion had a high NPV for NCSE (NPV 0.97, 95% CI 0.86 to 1).
CONCLUSION: CTP hyperperfusion may be implemented in the emergency fast-track to rule out NCSE, given very high NPV. Further validation studies are needed to evaluate CTP application in real-world setting for NCSE codes.
The invention provides novel compositions comprising a Smad protein and an isolated protein component of the proteasome-mediated degradation pathway. The invention also provides novel compositions comprising a Smad1 protein and a substrate for proteasome-mediated degradation. The invention also provides methods of screening for compounds that modulate the interaction between the proteins comprising these compositions. The invention also provides methods of screening for compounds that modulate the activity of the proteins comprising these compositions. The invention also provides methods of detecting proteasome-mediated degradation of novel Smad interacting proteins. A further aspect of the invention is a kit for detecting proteasome-mediated degradation of novel Smad interacting proteins. The invention also provides methods of treating diseases which are associated with aberrant levels of activity of a TGF-β superfamily member.
Tumor cells adapt their metabolism to meet the demands for energy and biosynthesis. Mitochondria, pivotal organelles in the metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells, contribute to tumorigenesis and cancer progression significantly through various dysfunctions in both tumor and immune cells. Alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and metabolic signaling pathways exert crucial regulatory influence on the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of immune cells. The tumor microenvironment orchestrates the activation and functionality of tumor-infiltrating immune cells by reprogramming mitochondrial metabolism and inducing shifts in mitochondrial dynamics, thereby facilitating the establishment of a tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. Stress-induced leakage of mitochondrial DNA contributes multifaceted regulatory effects on anti-tumor immune responses and the immunosuppressive microenvironment by activating multiple natural immune signals, including cGAS-STING, TLR9, and NLRP3. Moreover, mitochondrial DNA-mediated immunogenic cell death emerges as a promising avenue for anti-tumor immunotherapy. Additionally, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, a crucial factor in tumorigenesis, drives the formation of tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment by changing the composition of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. This review focuses on the intrinsic relationship between mitochondrial biology and anti-tumor immune responses from multiple angles. We explore the core role of mitochondria in the dynamic interplay between the tumor and the host to facilitate the development of targeted mitochondrial strategies for anti-tumor immunotherapy.
Pharmaceutical granules of homogeneous particle size and good solubility were prepd. in high yield by using crystd. sucrose as core. Crystd. sucrose 70-90% and powdered base material 10-30 % were mixed withe such a mixer as Dow mixer universal mixer and Ribbon mixer, while adding gradually binding solution e.g., chloroform or dichloromethane soln. of hydroxypropylcellulose. The obtained material is crushed by a mill and dried under vacuum.
The treatment group will be offered a $500 gift card for completing 6, 12, and 18 counseling sessions; up to $1,500 in total. Because RRC's typical practice involves prescribing and scheduling counseling in 6-session blocks, the financial awards are revealed to veterans in the treatment group in stages. After intake, treatment group individuals are told that they will receive a $500 gift card for completing the first 6 sessions; later sessions and awards are not mentioned. If the counselor decides that another 6-session block should be prescribed, then at the completion of the 5th session (i) the next 6 sessions are scheduled (i.e., sessions 7 through 12) and (ii) the counselor reveals that the participant can earn another $500 for completing the 12th session. The same process takes place during session 11. As part of RRC's typical practice, no veterans are offered more than 18 sessions.
BACKGROUND: A heart positioned on the right side of the thorax can be more a complex situation than it seems, also the potentially associated congenital cardiopathies are variable. In this regard, patients with dextrocardia presenting with complete atrioventricular block require a thorough anatomical investigation to map the veno-arterial system and potential cardiovascular defects before proceeding with a permanent pacing procedure.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 73-year-old Caucasian woman with no significant medical history presented with syncope. Physical examination showed regular heart sounds with an average heart rate of 35-40 beats per minute and no other relevant physical findings. Chest X-rays revealed a heart positioned in the right hemithorax. A standard electrocardiogram revealed complete atrioventricular block with junctional escape rhythm at nearly 35-40 beats per minute. A transthoracic echocardiogram showed a mirror image dextrocardia without any other remarkable abnormalities. Venogram performed using the left peripheral cephalic vein showed normal venous return into the right atrium positioned on the left side. Surgical intervention consisted of permanent dual chamber pacemaker implantation using the left subclavian vein. Discussion is provided based on the relevant medical literature outlining different potential scenarios with associated cardiac and major vessels abnormalities.
CONCLUSION: This case highlights an atypical presentation of atrioventricular block in a patient with dextrocardia and situs inversus, for whom a successful dual-pacemaker implantation procedure was performed.
BACKGROUND: The renin-angiotensin system is potentially involved in the pathogen-host interaction in the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, since the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 serves as a receptor for the virus. The impact of the pandemic in specific regions and ethnic groups highlights the importance of investigating genetic factors that disrupt the balance of the system in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially in genes with ethnic frequency variations. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of the ACE I/D polymorphism on the incidence and severity of COVID-19 in a sample of the Brazilian population.
METHODS AND RESULTS: 70 severe cases and 355 mild cases patients were evaluated. DNA extraction was performed using a QIAamp DNA Blood Mini kit. Genotyping of ACE I/D polymorphism was performed. Clinical outcomes were obtained from the patients' records. We found an association between the ACE I/D polymorphism and the incidence or severity of COVID-19 in male participants. Moreover, we observed a relationship between severity and increasing age and body weight and a higher frequency of II genotype individuals among those who had a cough as their symptoms in mild patients. No differences were observed in leukocyte count or other parameters related to the inflammatory response in severe patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data showed the influence of the ACE I/D polymorphism on severity of COVID-19 in males, as well as on the occurrence of cough in patients with mild symptoms, with a higher incidence in those carrying the I allele.
Arm where participants began the intervention (the Spirituality Teaching Program) upon recruitment for an 8 week period. Therefore, the program was initiated at week 1 of the trial.
Dosed twice daily 12 hours apart and started at a dose of 0.1mg/kg/day by the first day after kidney transplant (post-operative day 1). This medication will be given with rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG) induction, oral mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and oral steroids to help prevent rejection. These medications will be ordered per standard of care both inpatient and outpatient.