anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: emulsion water-in-oil is prepared initially. Its inner aqueous layer contains 20-70 mass % of polypeptide, oil layer contains copolymer or homopolymer (its average molecular weight being 7000-30000) having ratio of lactic acid and glycol acid 80/10-100/0. Thus prepared emulsion is affected by microencapsulation. Physiologically active polypeptide is delivered of said microcapsule within at least 2 months. EFFECT: improves efficiency of the method. 4 tbl
BACKGROUND: One of major challenges in breast tumor therapy is the existence of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). BCSCs are a small subpopulation of tumor cells that exhibit characteristics of stem cells. BCSCs are responsible for progression, recurrence, chemoresistance and metastasis of breast cancer. Ca2+ signalling plays an important role in diverse processes in cancer development. However, the role of Ca2+ signalling in BCSCs is still poorly understood.
METHODS: A highly effective 3D soft fibrin gel system was used to enrich BCSC-like cells from ER+ breast cancer lines MCF7 and MDA-MB-415. We then investigated the role of two Ca2+-permeable ion channels Orai1 and Orai3 in the growth and stemness of BCSC-like cells in vitro, and tumorigenicity in female NOD/SCID mice in vivo.
RESULTS: Orai1 RNA silencing and pharmacological inhibition reduced the growth of BCSC-like cells in tumor spheroids, decreased the expression levels of BCSC markers, and reduced the growth of tumor xenografts in NOD/SCID mice. Orai3 RNA silencing also had similar inhibitory effect on the growth and stemness of BCSC-like cells in vitro, and tumor xenograft growth in vivo. Mechanistically, Orai1 and SPCA2 mediate store-operated Ca2+ entry. Knockdown of Orai1 or SPCA2 inhibited glycolysis pathway, whereas knockdown of Orai3 or STIM1 had no effect on glycolysis.
CONCLUSION: We found that Orai1 interacts with SPCA2 to mediate store-independent Ca2+ entry, subsequently promoting the growth and tumorigenicity of BCSC-like cells via glycolysis pathway. In contrast, Orai3 and STIM1 mediate store-operated Ca2+ entry, promoting the growth and tumorigenicity of BCSC-like cells via a glycolysis-independent pathway. Together, our study uncovered a well-orchestrated mechanism through which two Ca2+ entry pathways act through distinct signalling axes to finely control the growth and tumorigenicity of BCSCs.
The study participants will be provided a NeilMed irrigation bottle and instructed to administer 1 packet of ChitoRhino irrigation solution (premixed from manufacturer containing sea salt, Chitosan, and sodium bicarbonate). An informational sheet regarding care and cleaning of the irrigation bottle will be provided during the initial visit. Participants will be instructed to complete up to three nasal saline irrigations daily for 1 month and keep a log to determine compliance. After 1 month of use, the irrigation bottle will be returned at a second study visit.
Acute lung injury (ALI) is one of the life-threatening complications of sepsis, and macrophage polarization plays a crucial role in the sepsis-associated ALI. However, the regulatory mechanisms of macrophage polarization in ALI and in the development of inflammation are largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that macrophage polarization occurs in sepsis-associated ALI and is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation, and a decrease of PRDX3 promotes the initiation of macrophage polarization and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mechanistically, PRDX3 overexpression promotes M1 macrophages to differentiate into M2 macrophages, and enhances mitochondrial functional recovery after injury by reducing the level of glycolysis and increasing TCA cycle activity. In conclusion, we identified PRDX3 as a critical hub integrating oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic reprogramming in macrophage polarization. The findings illustrate an adaptive mechanism underlying the link between macrophage polarization and sepsis-associated ALI.
A system and method for managing treatment of a disorder of a person are disclosed. Data from multiple sources is collected in a data warehouse by a server computer. The data is associated with the disorder, and the sources including a clinical data source and a real-time monitoring source associated with the person. The collected data is normalized against a population of persons sharing the disorder. The normalized data is then associated with the person to generate a treatment regime of the disorder. A compliance by the person with the treatment regime is then calculated based on operational metrics for the population and the data collected from the plurality of sources.
BACKGROUND: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the predominant histological subtype among non-small cell lung cancer cases, representing approximately 40% of all cases. Shugoshin 2 (SGO2) is implicated in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. This study aimed to uncover a potential role of SGO2 in the LUAD.
METHODS: Data related to gene mRNA expression and clinical information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), and the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) databases. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Transwell, scratch assay, and flow cytometry were applied to investigate the biological functions of SGO2 in the LUAD. Western blot was conducted to detect the protein expression.
RESULTS: Through pan-cancer analysis, SGO2 was found to be consistently overexpressed in 25 of 33 cancer types, including LUAD. In vitro assays revealed that SGO2 knockdown significantly impeded cell proliferation, cell migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), whereas its overexpression promoted these abilities. Flow cytometry confirmed that SGO2 contributed to cell cycle progression and reduced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, SGO2 facilitated cell proliferation and regulated cell cycle through upregulating recombinant E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1).
CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that SGO2 was up-regulated in pan-cancers including LUAD and its high expression was strongly associated with poor overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with LUAD. SGO2 promoted cell proliferation, cell migration, invasion and EMT of A549 cells. Additionally, E2F1 was involved in regulation of cell cycle and cell proliferation mediated by SGO2. This research elucidated the oncogenic significance of SGO2 in LUAD, proposing its potential as a prognostic biomarker and a promising target for therapeutic interventions.
Clinical events in atherosclerosis are largely driven by inflammation. Molecular imaging of atherosclerosis can potentially identify high-risk lesions, help guide treatment and illuminate the underlying biology of the disease. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET is the gold-standard nuclear molecular imaging technique with well-established roles in atherosclerosis imaging. However, the arterial 18F-FDG signal is non-specific, although it is related to increased macrophage activity with contributions from hypoxia and angiogenesis. Coronary artery imaging with 18F-FDG is particularly difficult, mainly due to high background myocardial cell 18F-FDG uptake, which obscures interpretation of the coronary signal. Efforts to suppress myocardial 18F-FDG uptake with dietary manipulation are challenging for patients and have limited efficacy.

PET tracers currently used in cancer imaging, such as 68Ga-DOTATATE, are potentially more specific for inflammation and also lack myocardial muscle uptake. 68Ga-DOTATATE might therefore be better suited than 18F-FDG for imaging inflammation, particularly within the coronary arteries. The VISION study is a prospective, observational study designed to investigate the biology of plaque inflammation in atherosclerosis, using PET imaging with the somatostatin receptor ligand 68Ga-DOTATATE. 50 subjects with atherosclerosis will undergo sequential PET/CT imaging with 68Ga-DOTATATE and 18F-FDG, along with contrast angiography of the carotid and coronary arteries. Autoradiography and immunohistochemistry of excised carotid plaques will be used to validate the imaging data. If successful, 68Ga-DOTATATE imaging will offer a cheaper, more specific non-invasive measure of inflammation than 18F- FDG, particularly in the coronary arteries. This opens up the possibility of better risk stratification for patients with atherosclerosis and could provide a non-invasive platform to test the effects of novel anti-atherosclerosis drugs.
###  Teratogenic Effects

Pilocarpine was associated with a reduction in the mean fetal body weight and an increase in the incidence of skeletal variations when given to pregnant rats at a dosage of 90 mg/kg/day (approximately 26 times the maximum recommended dose for a 50 kg human when compared on the basis of body surface area (mg/m ) estimates). These effects may have been secondary to maternal toxicity. In another study, oral administration of pilocarpine to female rats during gestation and lactation at a dosage of 36 mg/kg/day (approximately 10 times the maximum recommended dose for a 50 kg human when compared on the basis of body surface area (mg/m ) estimates) resulted in an increased incidence of stillbirths; decreased neonatal survival and reduced mean body Pregnancy Category C:22

weight of pups were observed at dosages of 18 mg/kg/day (approximately 5 times the maximum recommended dose for a 50 kg human when compared on the basis of body surface area (mg/m ) estimates) and above. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Pilocarpine hydrochloride tablets should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. 2
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of enzymes that have been implicated in the pathological destruction of connective tissue and basement membranes. These zinc containing endopeptidases consist of several subsets of enzymes including collagenases, stromelysins and gelatinases. TNF-.alpha.  converting enzyme (TACE), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, catalyzes the formation of TNF-.alpha. from membrane bound TNF-.alpha. precursor protein. It is expected that small molecule inhibitors of MMPs and TACE therefore have the potential for treating a variety of disease states. The present invention provides low molecular weight, non-peptide inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and TNF-.alpha. converting enzyme (TACE) for the treatment of arthritis, tumor metastasis, tissue ulceration, abnormal wound healing, periodontal disease, bone disease, diabetes (insulin resistance) and HIV infection having formula (I) wherein R2 and R3 form a heterocyclic ring and A is S, S(O), or S(O)2, and R1 and R4 are defined herein.
Participants in this group will given an N-acetylcysteine 500mg oral tablet daily in addition to wearing a standard carpal tunnel splint nightly (worn approximately 6-8 hours/day). Both interventions will take place concurrently for a total of 8 consecutive weeks.
OBJECTIVES: The intention of this study was to characterize the real-time momentary relationship between emotion regulation strategies and the pain experience (ie intensity, interference, and negative affect) among adults with chronic pain. Chronic pain is a significant public health concern. Psychological treatments are effective for treating chronic pain, but long-term follow-up studies are limited, and treatment effect sizes are small. Identifying modifiable treatment targets, such as emotion regulation (ER), is critical to improve interventions. ER (ie, cognitive and attentional strategies to modulate or maintain emotional experience) has been linked to psychopathology and pain experience in adults. Yet, the existing work is limited and has largely focused on the relationship between emotional experience, not ER, and pain.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The current study utilized ecological momentary assessment 53 adults with chronic pain. Participants completed ecological momentary assessments of pain experience and ER strategies 5 times a day for 7 days. Associations by specific strategy type were also examined, highlighting the importance of worry, experiential avoidance, rumination, and expressive suppression in pain experience.
RESULTS: Results of the current study provide evidence for the association between within-person maladaptive ER strategies and pain intensity ( b = 2.11, SE = 0.37, P < 0.001), pain interference ( b = 1.25, SE = 0.40, P = 0.002), and pain-related negative affect ( b = 2.20, SE = 0.41, P < 0.001). (77.4% females; M age = 27.10 y, SD = 5.16 y).
DISCUSSION: Given that ER is readily targeted in psychological treatments for chronic pain, the results from the current study provide initial evidence to target these ER strategies in treatment.
Nanoparticles with protected cores, and methods for using same. The present invention relates to particles in general, including nanoparticles, for example for the administration of drugs or for other applications. Some aspects of the present invention are aimed at particles in general, such as nanoparticles, comprising an inner core and a shell. The inner core may contain insulin or other therapeutic molecules for administration to a living being. In some cases, the molecules may be electrostatically complexed to a peptide with the opposite charge, such as an oligoarginine, or to other types. Said species are typically positively charged, for example for therapeutic molecules negatively charged at neutral pH. The therapeutic molecules may also be soluble in water. In some cases, the peptide may be conjugated to a hydrophobic portion, such as cholesterol, lauric acid or a fatty acid chain.
In vitro engineered skin models are emerging as an alternative platform to reduce and replace animal testing in dermatological research. Despite the progress made in recent years, considerable challenges still exist for the inclusion of diverse cell types within skin models. Blood vessels, in particular, are essential in maintaining tissue homeostasis and are one of many primary contributors to skin disease inception and progression. Substantial efforts in the past have allowed the successful fabrication of vascularized skin models that are currently utilized for disease modeling and drugs/cosmetics testing. This review first discusses the need for vascularization within tissue-engineered skin models, highlighting their role in skin grafting and disease pathophysiology. Second, the review spotlights the milestones and recent progress in the fabrication and utilization of vascularized skin models. Additionally, advances including the use of bioreactors, organ-on-a-chip devices, and organoid systems are briefly explored. Finally, the challenges and future outlook for vascularized skin models are addressed.
The songs of birds are complex signals that may have several functions and vary widely among species. Different ecological, behavioural and morphological factors, as well as phylogeny, have been associated as predictors of the evolution of song structure. However, the importance of differences in development, despite their relevance, has seldom been considered. Here, we analysed the evolution of song in two families of songbirds that differ in song development, manakins (suboscines) and cardinals (oscines), with their phylogeny, morphology, and ecology. Our results show that song characteristics had higher phylogenetic signal in cardinals than in manakins, suggesting higher evolutionary lability in the suboscines. Body mass was the main predictor of song parameters in manakins, and together with habitat type, had a major effect on cardinals' song structure. Precipitation and altitude were also associated with some song characteristics in cardinals. Our results bring unexpected insights into birdsong evolution, in which non-learners (manakins) revealed greater evolutionary lability than song learners (cardinals).
Apparatus and methods are described including acquiring 3D image data of a skeletal portion. While a tool that is coupled to a robot is disposed at a first location along an insertion path, two 2D x-ray images are acquired from respective views. A computer processor (i) determines the first location with respect to the 3D image data based upon identifying the first location within the 2D x-ray images and registering the 2D x-ray images to the 3D image data, and (ii) derives a relationship between the first location and a given location within the 3D image data. Subsequently, the robot moves the tool to a second location responsively to the derived relationship. The processor tracks the motion of the robot relative to the first location, derives the second location, and drives a display to display the second location. Other applications are also described.
Systems, methods, and computer-readable mediums for generating, by an artificial intelligence engine, an exercise plan for a user to perform. The method comprises receiving data pertaining to the user and generating user energy consumption metrics for a plurality of exercises. Each of the user energy consumption metrics is generated for a respective one of the plurality of exercises based at least on a metabolic equivalent of task (MET) value for the respective one of the plurality of exercises and user fitness test results. The method also includes generating the exercise plan based at least on the user energy consumption metrics and a user energy score. The exercise plan includes at least a subset of the plurality of exercises to be performed by the user to attempt to achieve the user energy score. The method further includes transmitting the exercise plan to a computing device.
Part 1a of the study will assess the safety and tolerability of SB 11285 as monotherapy in eligible patients with advanced solid tumors. Part 1b will assess the safety and tolerability of SB 11285 in combination with atezolizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. RP2D decisions will be based on the totality of data, including DLTs, tolerability, PK, pharmacodynamics, and efficacy, as available. Part 2 will further evaluate the combination RP2D of SB 11285 and atezolizumab in selected tumor types. Both Parts 1a and 1b of the study will use a standard 3+3 dose-escalation design with the dose escalated in successive cohorts of 3 to 6 patients each within each cohort in an open-label fashion. In Part 1a Monotherapy Dose Escalation, patients who meet eligibility criteria will receive IV SB 11285 as monotherapy weekly on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of repeated 28-day cycles in escalating doses. Once Dose Level 2 of Part 1a monotherapy have been evaluated by the Safety Review Committee (SRC) and have been declared to be safe to dose escalate to Dose Level 3, Dose Level 1 of Part 1b Combination Dose Escalation (SB 11285 combination with atezolizumab) will be opened for enrollment. After determination of MTD and RP2D in SB 11285 plus atezolizumab combination the Part 2 with Expansion Cohorts will commence to further evaluate the RP2D.
Dexamethasone is widely used in pregnant women at risk of preterm birth to reduce the occurrence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and subsequently reduce neonatal mortality. Studies have suggested that dexamethasone has developmental toxicity, but there is a notable absence of systematic investigations about its characteristics. In this study, we examined the effects of prenatal dexamethasone exposure (PDE) on mother/fetal mice at different doses (0.2, 0.4, or 0.8 mg/kg b.i.d), stages (gestational day 14-15 or 16-17) and courses (single- or double-course) based on the clinical practice. Results showed that PDE increased intrauterine growth retardation rate, and disordered the serum glucose, lipid and cholesterol metabolic phenotypes, and sex hormone level of mother/fetal mice. PDE was further discovered to interfere with the development of fetal lung, hippocampus and bone, inhibits steroid synthesis in adrenal and testis, and promotes steroid synthesis in the ovary and lipid synthesis in the liver, with significant effects observed at high dose, early stage and double course. The order of severity might be: ovary > lung > hippocampus/bone > others. Correlation analysis revealed that the decreased serum corticosterone and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) levels were closely related to PDE-induced low birth weight and abnormal multi-organ development in offspring. In conclusion, this study systematically confirmed PDE-induced multi-organ developmental toxicity, elucidated its characteristics, and proposed the potential "glucocorticoid (GC)-IGF1" axis programming mechanism. This research provided an experimental foundation for a comprehensive understanding of the effect and characteristics of dexamethasone on fetal multi-organ development, thereby guiding the application of "precision medicine" during pregnancy.
The present invention pertains to the technical field of pharmaceutical preparations. The present invention provides a kind of nano calcium carbonate enteric-coated bioadhesive tablets and their preparation method. The enteric-coated bioadhesive tablets contain the following ingredients: a) the tablet core made from nano calcium carbonate and usable minor ingredients; b) the enteric coating layer made from polyacrylic resin enteric coating material and the minor ingredients that can be used as pharmaceuticals. There are two types of tablet cores. One is bioadhesive prescription granule and the other is disintegrating granule. The nano calcium carbonate enteric-coated bioadhesive tablets prepared by the present invention possess the features of positioning, fast disintegration and bioadhesion. The main medicine is not released in stomach. After entering duodenum, the coating layer will be quickly removed. The disintegrating granule in tablet core makes the tablet core disintegrated in a short time, and the bioadhesive granule clings to the upper section of small intestine for a long time and plays a role of interrupting the enterohepatic circulation of lead; in addition, this nano calcium carbonate enteric-coated bioadhesive tablet has very good extraneous releasing effect and stability and may be developed into a new-type lead removing pharmaceutical.
Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to lipid-pharmaceutical compositions and related methods for producing a lipid-drug complex under conditions near the neutral pH range. Optimal pH range is provided for the efficient incorporation of various lipid-drug complexes. A lipid-drug complex, such as a liposome, readily encapsulates drugs having low aqueous solubility within a neutral pH range. In some embodiments, the lipid-drug complex comprises a lipid bilayer and a lipid-soluble drug having a range of molar ratio values of lipid-to-drug from about 3:1 to about 100:1 or higher for relatively toxic drugs. Lipid-drug complexes can also be formed within a range of molar ratios from about 3:1 to about 10:1, and a range of molar ratios from about 5:1 to about 7:1. In various embodiments, biomolecules, such as nucleic acids and proteins, that can have pharmacological activities may also be incorporated within lipid vesicles. The methods for targeting lymphoid tissue involve subcutaneous administration of lipid-drug complexes and lipid-biomolecule complexes, and not by systemic administration.