anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention relates to a copolymer with a main chain containing unsaturated double bond, which is prepared by a cyclic lactone polymer as a main body, a crosslinking matter and applications. A bipolymer is produced by the reaction between cyclic lactone and unsaturated anhydride or unsaturated imide; or a prepolymer is prepared by the reaction between the unsaturated anhydride or the unsaturated imide and polyol, and then a terpolymer is prepared by the reaction between the prepolymer and the cyclic lactone. By a double-bond free radical reaction, crosslinking matters can be respectively prepared by the bipolymer and the terpolymer. The hydrophilicity of the copolymers is good, and the degradation speed can be controlled; crosslinking matters are respectively network-like matters containing hydrolyzable anhydride bonds, amide bond and ester bonds and can be hydrolyzed into hydrogel under the water environment. By changing the varietes and dosage of anhydride, imide and polyol, polymer materials with different hydrophilicities and degradation properties can be prepared. The two types of crosslinking matters can be used as drug control release carriers.
BACKGROUND: To examine the influence of early mobilization on the risk of surgical site infections (SSI) in patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery.
METHODS: The retrospective cohort consisted of all consecutive patients who underwent spinal fusion surgery at our institution. For each case of SSI, 2 control patients without SSI at the corresponding index date were selected. Mobilization was predefined as "delayed" if it occurred more than 36 hours postoperatively. To account for potential confounding variables, we performed further adjustments using conditional logistic regression models. Subgroup analyses were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the statistical associations.
RESULTS: Following the predefined statistical protocol and matching criteria, we matched 236 control cases to the SSI cases. Upon adjustment for confounding factors, our findings revealed that the risk of SSI was 120% higher in the group beginning mobilization more than 36 hours after surgery compared to the group beginning mobilization within 36 hours postoperatively (odds ratio = 2.206, 95% confidence interval 1.169-4.166, P = .015). In subgroup analyses, this statistical trend remained consistent.
CONCLUSIONS: Early mobilization within 36 hours following spinal fusion surgery significantly reduces the risk of SSI. This pattern of reduced risk remains consistent among patients with degenerative diseases or spinal deformities.
The entire program continued for 6 months (December, 2018 to July, 2019), and the intervention was performed for 60 min 3 times per week; particular attention was paid to the disease characteristics of the patients with chronic schizophrenia and to preventing excessive fatigue. Every session began with a 20-min warm-up, followed by 20 min of Baduanjin program, and ended with a cool-down session. The participants were instructed, with the assistance of a video, to practice Baduanjin program in a group by two authors who are experienced in the psychiatric nurses and had been trained in this program.
As with all therapeutic proteins, there is a potential for immunogenicity. 

The detection of antibody formation is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Additionally, the observed incidence of antibody (including neutralizing antibody) positivity in an assay may be influenced by several factors including assay methodology, sample handling, timing of sample collection, concomitant medications, and underlying disease. For these reasons, comparison of the incidence of antibodies in the studies described below with the incidence of antibodies in other studies or to other interferon beta-1a products may be misleading. 

In Study 1, fewer than 1% of patients treated with PLEGRIDY SC every 14 days for 1 year developed neutralizing antibodies. Approximately 7% of PLEGRIDY SC-treated patients developed antibodies to the polyethylene glycol moiety. 

No formal studies have been conducted with regards to immunogenicity of the intramuscular route of administration of PLEGRIDY.
Participants assigned to sham acupressure will receive similar instruction as those assigned to pain-relief acupressure, except that they will be taught to apply pressure to 10 acupoints that are unrelated to pain. That is, they will conduct self-administered acupressure 5 days/week for 8 weeks, as the pain-relief acupressure group does, but on 'sham' acupoints.
Up to 12 patients age 0 - 3 yrs in countries following EMA guidance may be enrolled in this open label sub-study. All patients will receive 2000 mg/kg hydroxypropyl betacyclodextrin (Trappsol Cyclo) diluted with 0.5N saline at the clinician's discretion over 6.5 hours every 2 weeks. Outcome measures are safety, clinician and caregiver impressions.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is projected to be the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and is closely linked to obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Currently, no pharmacological treatments are available to treat NAFLD, and lifestyle modification, including dietary interventions, is the only remedy. Therefore, we conducted a study to determine whether supplementation with medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), containing a mixture of C8 and C10 (60/40), attenuates NAFLD in obese and insulin-resistant mice. To achieve that, we fed C57BL/6 male mice a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to induce obesity and hepatic steatosis, after which obese mice were assigned randomly either to remain on the HFD or to transition to an HFD supplemented with MCTs (HFD + MCTs) or a low-fat diet (LFD) for 6 weeks as another dietary intervention model. Another group of mice was kept on an LFD throughout the study and used as a lean control group. Obese mice that transitioned to HFD + MCTs exhibited improvement in glucose and insulin tolerance tests, and the latter improvement was independent of changes in adiposity when compared with HFD-fed mice. Additionally, supplementation with MCTs significantly reduced hepatic steatosis, improved liver enzymes and decreased hepatic expression of inflammation-related genes to levels similar to those observed in obese mice transitioned to an LFD. Importantly, HFD + MCTs markedly lowered hepatic ceramide and diacylglycerol content and prevented protein kinase C-ε translocation to the plasma membrane. Our study demonstrated that supplementation with MCTs formulated mainly from C8 and C10 effectively ameliorated NAFLD in obese mice.
This is an observational study; thus, no intervention or treatment is required by the protocol. During the study, enrolled patients may be eligibled if bevacizumab was discontinued within 6 weeks prior to unexpected operation.
OBJECTIVE: To extract exosomes from obese and non-obese mice, screen specifically expressed microRNAs by high-throughput sequencing and explore their roles.
METHODS: An animal obesity model was constructed, and the successful construction of the obesity model was verified by HE staining, Western Blot and RT-qPCR. In addition, exosomes were extracted and verified by Western Blot. High-throughput sequencing was performed on the extracted serum exosomes to screen for differentially expressed microRNAs. fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to validate the differentially expressed miRNAs and explore their functions.
RESULTS: 8 microRNAs were up-regulated and 11 microRNAs were down-regulated. mmu-miR-674-5p and X_28316 were significantly down-regulated and had the greatest impact on protein pathways. 8_13258 was significantly up-regulated and affected multiple protein pathways. GO enrichment analysis suggested that the differentially expressed microRNAs were mainly involved in the cleavage of microtubule activity, transferase activity/transferase pentameric acid. GO enrichment analysis suggested that differentially expressed microRNAs were mainly involved in the processes of cleavage microtubule activity, transferase activity/transfer pentamer, and threonine phosphatase/threonine kinase activity.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed microRNAs were mainly involved in the processes of regulating the phosphorylation of TP53 activity, the G2/M DNA damage checkpoint, and the processing of the ends of DNA double-strand breaks. Protein interaction networks were enriched for Stat3, Fgr, Camk2b, Rac1, Asb6, and Ankfy1. Suggesting that they may be mediated by differential genes to participate in the process of insulin resistance. qRT-PCR results showed that the expression trend of mmu-miR-674-5p was consistent with the sequencing results. It suggests that it may be able to participate in the regulation of insulin resistance as a target gene.
CONCLUSION: microRNAs were differentially expressed in serum exosomes of obese and non-obese mice and might be involved in the specific regulation of insulin resistance. mmu-miR-674-5p was differentially expressed significantly and the validation trend was consistent with it, suggesting that it might be able to participate in the regulation of insulin resistance as a target gene.
Community-acquired respiratory viral (CARV) infections after lung transplantation are associated with an increased risk for the development of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) after lung transplantation. The exact mechanisms whereby CARV infections increase this risk are unknown. We propose that viral infection results in airway epithelial cell injury and the expression of injury-response genes that provide signals that initiate immunologic and non-immunologic pathways that result in the airway remodeling characteristic of obliterative bronchiolitis, the predominant pathology of CLAD. Systemic and inhaled corticosteroids are frequently used as anti-inflammatory agents to treat the peribronchiolar inflammation seen in viral bronchiolitis. Beneficial effects from corticosteroids have been reported, but this has not been demonstrated in lung transplant recipients. The aim of this single center, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study is to evaluate the short and long term effects of a 6 month course of inhaled beclomethasone on adult lung transplant recipients with CARV infection.
Two 30 minute infusions of placebo separated by 30 minutes. The first infusion will consist of two steps, using an equivalent volume of placebo fluid infusion as in the oxytocin arm. This will consist of a slower rate in the first 5 minutes and more rapid rate for the last 25 min. The second placebo solution infusion will be a constant rate and volume equivalent to that used in the oxytocin arm.
UNLABELLED: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) continues to be a challenging phenomenon that is often under-reported and poorly understood. With etiologies in both disease and treatment manifesting as a symptom and a side effect respectively, CRF is highly incident and presents a significant clinical problem that impacts survivorship. We conducted a survey to ascertain the patient reported incidence of symptoms and side effects for people with lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia. We found that CRF was enhanced in those who received more intense therapies that coincided with more aggressive lymphoma subtypes. These data illuminate an unmet need among patients with lymphoma and provides an opportunity to further refine treatment regimens to reduce the burden of CRF in this vulnerable population.
SIGNIFICANCE: CRF is a highly incident phenomenon in lymphoma that can be ascribed to a combination of causes. We have demonstrated substantial variability across various subtypes of lymphoma and have estimated that nearly half of the reported fatigue comes from treatment. Increased screening for and monitoring of fatigue will yield favorable health-related quality of life that will benefit health technology assessment activities and yield improved outcomes for patients.
INTRODUCTION: Hypothermia increases mortality in trauma populations and frequently occurs in military casualties due to the nature of combat environments. The association between hypothermia and the time of year when injured remains unclear. We sought to determine the association between seasonal changes in temperature and hypothermia among combat casualties.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This observational study was a secondary analysis of a previously described Department of Defense Trauma Registry dataset which included U.S. military and Coalition casualties who received prehospital care from January 2007 to March 2020 in Afghanistan and Iraq. We tested for associations between hypothermia (<36.2°C) and seasonal ambient temperatures by constructing multivariable logistic regression models. Summer was defined as June through August and winter as December through February. We assumed that the combat operations occurred in the area near the point of first contact with the deployed military treatment facilities. This study was determined to be exempt from Institutional Review Board oversight.
RESULTS: There were 5,821 that met inclusion for this study. Within the multivariable logistic regression model, we adjusted for injury severity score, mechanism of injury, and imputed transport time, finding that combat casualties were 2.28 (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval 1.93-2.69) times more likely to develop hypothermia in the winter versus summer. When using temperature as a continuous outcome, casualties had a lower emergency department temperature during the winter (parameter estimate -0.133°C, P < 0.001) after adjusting for confounders. In casualties experiencing hypothermia, mortality was higher (4% versus 1%, P < 0.001), and composite median injury severity score values were higher (10 versus 5, P < 0.001). Among hypothermic casualties, serious injuries were significantly more common (all P < 0.001) to the head (15% versus 7%), thorax (15% versus 7%), abdomen (9% versus 6%), extremities (35% versus 22%), and skin (4% versus 2%).
CONCLUSIONS: We found a seasonal variation in the occurrence of hypothermia in a large cohort of trauma casualties. Despite adjustment for multiple known confounders, our findings substantiate probable ambient temperature variations to trauma-induced hypothermia. Furthermore, our findings, when taken in the context of other studies on the efficacy of current hypothermia prevention and treatment strategies, support the need for better methods to mitigate hypothermia in future cold-weather operations.
There are not enough studies to support the use of intracervical balloon catheter (IBC) in term prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM). Prospective randomized studies comparing IBC placement to oxytocin use in induction of labor for term PROM do not exist. Intracervical Balloon Catheter has been shown to reduce duration of labor for women with intact membranes undergoing induction of labor. The practice at this institution is to use oxytocin to start contractions when a woman has PROM. This study will examine IBC compared to oxytocin use in term PROM. This will allow for the evaluation of a cervical ripening method for term PROM that may improve women's outcomes. Other outcomes for this study are rates of infection during labor, cesarean section, and adverse maternal and/or neonatal outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: Although rates of weight discrimination are on-par with racial, ethnic, and gender discrimination, comparatively less work has examined impacts of weight-based discrimination in youth, including on disordered eating. Knowing whether experiences of weight-based discrimination, including in youth with multiply-marginalized identities, are associated with disordered eating could identify vulnerable youth and inform intervention efforts.
METHOD: Youth (N = 11,875) ages 10-11 were recruited through the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Logistic regressions using cross-sectional data examined discrimination experiences (weight, perceived sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, national origin) and disordered eating (binge-eating, vomiting, weight-gain fear, weight self-worth). Models included race/ethnicity, age, sex, parental income, and degree of elevated weight. Raked poststratification weights were used.
RESULTS: Rates of weight-based discrimination (6.2%) were similar to rates of race/ethnicity (4.4%) and sexual orientation discrimination (4.5%). Weight-based discrimination was associated with more disordered eating. Youth reporting multiple experiences of discrimination had significantly increased disordered eating compared to youth who did not report discrimination.
DISCUSSION: Weight-based discrimination is common in youth and associated with disordered eating. Youth with elevated weight are more likely to be multiply marginalized and experience disordered eating. These findings suggest discrimination, including weight-based discrimination, is a critical intervention target to prevent and treat eating disorders.
PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE: Experiences of discrimination contribute to poorer health; however, weight-based discrimination is relatively understudied. Data from a large sample of youth ages 10-11 showed that youth with elevated weight reported experiencing multiple types of discrimination, and multiply-marginalized youth had increased odds of disordered eating with each additional type of discrimination. Together, this suggests that weight-based discrimination is a critical target to prevent and treat eating disorders, especially in multiply-marginalized youth.
Patients receive lenalidomide PO once daily for 4 weeks. Treatment repeats every 4 weeks for up to 12 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Cohorts A and B: REGN5093-M114 monotherapy. Cohort C: REGN5093-M114+cemiplimab combination.
Ibuprofen for Post operative pain. Take 400 mg taken a week after. Incidence of flare ups after a single vs multiple visits root canal treatments.
One film-coated tablet (1300 mg) per os per day to be taken in the evening. Placebo tablets identical in appearance, size, shape, weight and taste to the active product.
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer type and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in Vietnam. Immunotherapy using checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) in combination with certain types of chemotherapy has been clinically shown to offer survival benefits for patients diagnosed with advanced stomach cancer. However, clinical outcomes of CPI are associated with the quantity as well as the quality of neoantigens which arise due to mutations in coding regions of cancer associated genes. Such neoantigens can be presentable by cancer cells to the host adaptive immune system and activate antitumor responses. Hence, the identification of neoantigens would be of significance for immunotherapeutic approaches. Recent data published by the Tumor Neoantigen Selection Alliance (TESLA) indicate that a large proportion (98%) of predicted neoantigens are not immunogenic and ineffective in activating anti-tumor responses. In the present study, we aim to develop a comprehensive pipeline incorporating both computational prediction tools and experimental validation assays to enhance the accuracy of neoantigen identification.
Sustained hemodynamic pressure overload (PO) produced by murine transverse aortic constriction (TAC) causes myocardial fibrosis; removal of TAC (unTAC) returns left ventricle (LV) hemodynamic load to normal and results in significant, but incomplete regression of myocardial fibrosis. However, the cellular mechanisms that result in these outcomes have not been defined. The objective was to determine temporal changes in myocardial macrophage phenotype in TAC and unTAC and determine whether macrophage depletion alters collagen degradation after unTAC. Myocardial macrophage abundance and phenotype were assessed by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and gene expression by RT-PCR in control (non-TAC), 2 wk, 4 wk TAC, and 2 wk, 4 wk, and 6 wk unTAC. Myocardial cytokine profiles and collagen-degrading enzymes were determined by immunoassay and immunoblots. Initial collagen degradation was detected with collagen-hybridizing peptide (CHP). At unTAC, macrophages were depleted with clodronate liposomes, and endpoints were measured at 2 wk unTAC. Macrophage number had a defined temporal pattern: increased in 2 wk and 4 wk TAC, followed by increases at 2 wk unTAC (over 4 wk TAC) that then decreased at 4 wk and 6 wk unTAC. At 2 wk unTAC, macrophage area was significantly increased and was regionally associated with CHP reactivity. Cytokine profiles in unTAC reflected a proinflammatory milieu versus the TAC-induced profibrotic milieu. Single-cell sequencing analysis of 2 wk TAC versus 2 and 6 wk unTAC revealed distinct macrophage gene expression profiles at each time point demonstrating unique macrophage populations in unTAC versus TAC myocardium. Clodronate liposome depletion at unTAC reduced CHP reactivity and decreased cathepsin K and proMMP2. We conclude that temporal changes in number and phenotype of macrophages play a critical role in both TAC-induced development and unTAC-mediated partial, but incomplete, regression of myocardial fibrosis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our novel findings highlight the dynamic changes in myocardial macrophage populations that occur in response to PO and after alleviation of PO. Our data demonstrated, for the first time, a potential benefit of macrophages in contributing to collagen degradation and the partial regression of interstitial fibrosis following normalization of hemodynamic load.
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) causes severe blindness in the elderly due to choroidal neovascularization (CNV), which results from the dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). While normal RPE depends exclusively on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation for energy production, the inflammatory conditions associated with metabolic reprogramming of the RPE play a pivotal role in CNV. Although mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) is a central node of energy metabolism, its role in the development of CNV in neovascular AMD has not been investigated. In the present study, we used a laser-induced CNV mouse model to evaluate the effects of Pdk4 gene ablation and treatment with pan-PDK or specific PDK4 inhibitors on fluorescein angiography and CNV lesion area. Among PDK isoforms, only PDK4 was upregulated in the RPE of laser-induced CNV mice, and Pdk4 gene ablation attenuated CNV. Next, we evaluated mitochondrial changes mediated by PDK1-4 inhibition using siRNA or PDK inhibitors in inflammatory cytokine mixture (ICM)-treated primary human RPE (hRPE) cells. PDK4 silencing only in ICM-treated hRPE cells restored mitochondrial respiration and reduced inflammatory cytokine secretion. Likewise, GM10395, a specific PDK4 inhibitor, restored oxidative phosphorylation and decreased ICM-induced upregulation of inflammatory cytokine secretion. In a laser-induced CNV mouse model, GM10395 significantly alleviated CNV. Taken together, we demonstrate that specific PDK4 inhibition could be a therapeutic strategy for neovascular AMD by preventing mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming in the RPE under inflammatory conditions.