anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Sleep and muscle injury-related pain are in negative relationship, and sleep extension may be a favorable countermeasure. In response to muscle injury, an adaptive sleep response has been described in rats, characterized by an increase in total sleep time (TST) and nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. This study examined the effects of photoperiod lengthening (a model of sleep prolongation in rats) on the sleep characteristics of muscle-injured rats and whether this lengthening could benefit injury-induced mechanical hyperalgesia using the Von Frey test. Switching from the conventional 12:12 light/dark (LD) photoperiod (light on: 08:00-20:00) to LD 16:8 (light extended to 24:00) gives rats an extra window of sleep. Our results show higher TST and NREM sleep times in LD 16:8 versus LD 12:12 injured rats during 4 h of light lengthening for 7 d postinjury, showing the efficiency of photoperiod lengthening to increase sleep time in injured rats. In addition, a cumulative effect with the adaptive sleep response to muscle injury occurred with higher TST and NREM sleep times in LD 16:8 injured versus noninjured rats during the dark period, reflecting the high need for sleep after the injury. Greater stability and higher relative delta power of NREM sleep during the extended light period were also observed in injured rats. Finally, the extended photoperiod limits the muscle injury-induced mechanical hyperalgesia for 13 d and allows faster recovery of the baseline mechanical threshold. This is associated with reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in the hippocampus, a brain structure involved in pain processing.
Before feeding: In the ESU position, the head and the trunk of the infant were elevated to an angle of 45-60° with the help of the same pillow that was prepared by the researcher from the beds previously used in the unit and was used in the experimental group and the infant was laid in supine position in the arms of the researcher. Their head and neck were held at the same level by the researcher, whereas the chin was held in the flexion posture mildly facing the floor.
FIELD: medicine, phytotherapy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a species prepared of plant raw and used for treatment of patients with lung and upper respiratory way diseases. Species has elecampane rhizomes and roots, Bergenia pacifica rhizomes, Greek valerian roots and starwort roots taken at the definite ratio (mas.pts.). Species can be used by long courses, it shows the complex effect on patient body and the presence of the single-directed effect components promotes the potentiation effect of the species. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of the species. 1 cl, 1 tbl
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject inhibitor having a strong inhibiting activity for hyaluroniase and high safety by including a grape extract which is a by- product formed when producing a wine. SOLUTION: This inhibitor contains an extract of a grape seed and/or a grape marc as an active ingredient. The extract is an extracted solution prepared by extracting, e.g. a marc of a grape fruit or a grape seed with water, hot water, a hydrous ethanol, or the like, or a concentrate obtained by concentrating the extract solution, a powder, or the like, prepared by drying the concentrate. The daily dose of the inhibitor for an adult is, e.g. 10 mg to 10 g, preferably about 50 mg to 5 g expressed in terms of the grape extract and can be used as an oral agent, a preparation for external use for skin or a parenteral injection. Thereby, the inhibitor can be utilized for a prophylactic or a therapeutic agent for aging of skin, inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, growth, or the like, of tumors, or as a cosmetic, or the like.  Since the inhibitor can readily be extracted and processed and a natural product is used, the inhibitor can extremely safely be used.
We aimed to determine the effect of the access sheath diameter used in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) on renal function. We also investigated the predictors of impaired renal function. Data were prospectively collected from patients who underwent PNL from December 2020 to December 2021. The patients were randomized into two groups according to access sheath diameter: Group 1 (22 Fr, n = 44) and Group 2 (28 Fr, n = 44). Relative renal function (RRF) was calculated by technetium-99 m dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated by diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid scintigraphy. A difference of 5% or more in RRF was considered a significant functional change. Preoperative and postoperative Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) levels were measured. Preoperative demographic data and stone characteristics were similar between the groups. There were also no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of scar development, changes in RRF, GFR, or KIM-1/creatinine (Cr) (p > 0.05). Significant deterioration in RRF was detected in a total of six (6.8%) patients, three in each group. The factors predicting loss of function were analyzed by regrouping the patients without loss of function as Group A (n = 82) and those with loss as Group B (n = 6). Only stone volume was statistically significant in multivariate analysis (p = 0.002). Access sheath diameter had no significant effect on renal function after PNL. However, the stone volume was found to independently correlate to a loss of renal function after PNL.
This study will look for relationships among the immune responses induced by MRKAd5 HIV-1 gag/pol/nef vaccine. The study will also determine if the T cells that respond to different vaccine epitopes have correspondingly different functional profiles. The study will evaluate the safety and tolerability of the vaccine regimen as well.

This study will last 60 weeks. All enrolled participants will receive vaccinations at Weeks 0, 4, and 26. There will be between 8 and 20 study visits including the screening visit, depending on the site location. A physical exam, interview, and blood collection will occur at most or all visits. All participants will undergo leukapheresis approximately 4 weeks after their last vaccination and at Week 52. Medical history, an HIV test, a pregnancy test, and HIV and risk reduction counseling will occur at selected visits. Additional blood collection is now occurring in this study to collect more information about the relationship between the immune response and efficacy to the vaccine.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in organ transplant recipients. Although the tuberculin skin test (TST) is recommended for screening of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in all candidates for liver transplantation, the performance of the TST in this setting is less than optimal, due to a lack of specificity and a lack of sensitivity in a population that is relatively immunocompromised. Recently, a new test named QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT-G) has been approved for the diagnosis of LTBI. QFT-G is expected to be more specific than TST. However, there are no studies defining the performance of QFT-G in a population of patients on a waiting list for liver transplantation. We plan to estimate the usefulness of the QFT-G test for the diagnosis of LTBI in a cohort of patients with end-stage liver disease. We hypothesize that the QFT-G test will correlate better with the risk of LTBI.
The study participants will be provided with a control breakfast preload to consume. The energy content of the breakfast preload will be standardized to \~325 kcal. The preload will include the same fat content (as the Experimental Preloads) but will vary in protein and carbohydrate amounts. All ingredients are GRAS listed and approved.
INTRODUCTION: Bleeding after heart valve surgery is a serious clinical challenge. Hypocalcemia has been associated with the extent of bleeding in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. However, the association between blood calcium levels and bleeding extent in heart valve replacement patients has not been clearly established. This study aimed at determining the association between blood calcium levels and perioperative hemorrhage after heart valve replacement therapy.
METHODS: Based on preoperative blood calcium levels, patients were grouped into the hypocalcemia group and normocalcemia group. Postoperative bleeding, blood product use, and complications were monitored during hospitalization. The association between blood calcium levels and major bleeding was determined by multivariable logistic regression models.
RESULTS: In the first 12 h after surgery, bleeding in hypocalcemia group was significantly larger than that of the normocalcemia group (338 ± 234 mL vs 232 ± 96 mL; p = .024). The outcome was the same when the overall chest tube output was considered (950 ± 447 mL vs 738 ± 220 mL; p = .038). The incidence of major bleeding was 65.91% in the hypocalcemia group and 18.97% in the normocalcemia group (p = .001). Postoperative complications in the two groups were similar. After adjusting for multiple covariates, the adjusted odds ratios (OR) for participants in hypocalcemia group was 10.01 (95% CI 3.35-34.82), compared with that in normocalcemia group (p < .001).
CONCLUSION: In patients undergoing heart valve surgery, preoperative blood concentrations of calcium are associated with postoperative blood loss. Hypocalcemia before operation may increase the risk of postoperative bleeding. When patients with valvular heart disease present with hypocalcemia before surgery, prompt intervention may lead to better control of postoperative bleeding.
Oxaliplatin (OXA) as the platinum-based agent induces the cumulative neuropathy including functional impairment and neuropathic pain. OXA treatment triggered oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction in the spinal cord. Puerarin as a natural product has the neuroprotective effect on neuropathic pain. Hence, the roles and mechanisms of Pue on OXA induced neuropathic pain were studied. In this study, OXA-induced neuropathic pain mouse model was constructed by oxaliplatin injection for 5 consecutive days and two cycles. Pue (10 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally for seven consecutive days. The changes of behavior, morphology and levels of related proteins were detected. As a result, OXA-induced mice exhibited as the increased pain hypersensitivity, the impaired motor coordination, the activated NLRP3 inflammasome mediated inflammation and the suppressed nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mediated antioxidative reaction in the spinal cord (P<0.05 vs Control). After Pue administration, the mechanical pain threshold, thermal pain latency, spontaneous pain number and motor latency were improved (P<0.05 vs OXA). In the spinal cord, Pue administration reduced the levels of inflammatory elements, increased the levels of antioxidative elements and decreased the levels of oxidative factors (P<0.05 vs OXA). Furthermore, Pue also bind with Nrf2 and increased the association of Nrf2 to glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). In summary, Pue alleviates oxaliplatin induced neuropathic pain by enhancing Nrf2/GPX4-mediated antioxidant response and suppressing inflammatory reaction in the spinal cord.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), frequently associated with disruptive snoring, is a prevalent disorder which is increasingly recognized by health care providers and lay people alike as an important factor in impaired daytime executive function as well as cardiovascular disease risk. Along with an increase in its recognition and diagnosis have come a growing pool of patients with milder disease and the associated challenge of ideal management. Positive airway pressure (PAP) is well established as the mainstay of treatment for OSA since it is effective at reversing daytime neurocognitive sequelae and may be a useful adjunct to therapy in those with cardiovascular disease coexisting with OSA. In patients with mild OSA, however, the response to PAP therapy appears muted, which is related in part to poor adherence to treatment. In response, a number of alternative treatments have evolved. The most recent innovation is soft palatal implants, which, in non-randomized, uncontrolled studies have demonstrated reasonable efficacy in the treatment of snoring and mild to moderate OSA. How the implants compare with standard therapy and their effect on cardiovascular variables are unknown. Because of the ease and rapidity with which this system is implanted, and because treatment effect is independent of patient compliance, there is high potential for widespread use in patients with milder OSA. We therefore are conducting a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to compare the impact of palatal implants with PAP on sleep disordered breathing, daytime symptoms and blood pressure, as well as patient / bed partner acceptance.
A method and system for allowing multiple geographically distributed optical labs to share global resources over a telecommunications network. Each optical lab is set up as a client account on the server with privileges to access the global recourses. Each lab has its own equipment set, the settings and configuration of which, are recorded in one of the client account databases. Other proprietary databases contain price lists, financial information and patient data. The lens calculation software encounters a sequential stream of job requests from different client accounts. The corresponding proprietary account data, allows uniform pricing rules to be applied to lens processing jobs. As jobs are completed, each lab receives an individual packet of printable job ticket data, printable invoice data, electronic interface files for the lens generating equipment, and an extract file for importing into the labs accouting software.
Artificial Sweeteners significantly lower energy density of foods and beverages. They are used by diabetics as sugar substitutes as well as by consumers as aids for dietary control. Despite numerous studies which show mainly no influence of artificial sweeteners on glucose metabolism and food intake, discrepancies consist about the real effects of artificial sweeteners. Studies by Blundell and Hill in 1986 have however shown that the consumption of artificial sweeteners resulted in an increase of appetite ratings; the efficiency of AS has therefore been questioned. With respect to the world wide increase in the prevalence in obesity, it seems important to clarify whether artificial sweeteners can help regulate body weight or not. This study will explore the effect of artificial sweeteners on the release of the gastrointestinal satiety hormones PYY, GLP-1, GIP and ghrelin.
To provide a method of providing an access control to basic data expressed by a mechanical readable identifier.SOLUTION: In a networked environment 100, a client device 106 receives a first encryption key in regards to a first device profile and a second encryption key in regards to a second device profile. Data provided by an ingestion processing is formatted at least a first part and a second part in the data. The first part of the data is for a first reader device, and the second part of the data is for a second reader device. The first part of the data is encrypted by using the first encryption key. The second part of the data is encrypted by using the second encryption key. A mechanical readable identifier is generated by using the first part of the data encrypted and the second part of the data encrypted.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Providers and community members review MLI materials and participate in focus groups and interviews to discuss challenges to being screened, what community members know about cancer and screening and what should be included in a program to increase screening over 30-60 minutes on study. A clinic champion will be identified during the interview to lead, advise, and oversee the implementation of the MLI at their clinic location.
COMBIVENT RESPIMAT: COMBIVENT RESPIMAT is a combination of the anticholinergic ipratropium bromide and the beta2-adrenergic agonist albuterol sulfate. The mechanisms of action described below for the individual components apply to COMBIVENT RESPIMAT. The two classes of medications (an anticholinergic and a beta2-adrenergic agonist) are both bronchodilators. Simultaneous administration of both an anticholinergic (ipratropium bromide) and a beta2-sympathomimetic (albuterol sulfate) is designed to produce a greater bronchodilator effect than when either drug is utilized alone at its recommended dosage. The efficacy of COMBIVENT RESPIMAT is likely to be due to a local effect on the muscarinic and beta2-adrenergic receptors in the lung.

###  Ipratropium bromide

Ipratropium bromide is an anticholinergic (parasympatholytic) agent which, based on animal studies, appears to inhibit vagally mediated reflexes by antagonizing the action of acetylcholine, the transmitter agent released at the neuromuscular junctions in the lung. Anticholinergics prevent the increases in intracellular concentration of Ca++ which is caused by interaction of acetylcholine with the muscarinic receptors on bronchial smooth muscle.

###  Albuterol sulfate

In vitro studies and in vivo pharmacology studies have demonstrated that albuterol has a preferential effect on beta2-adrenergic receptors compared with isoproterenol. While it is recognized that beta2-adrenergic receptors are the predominant receptors on bronchial smooth muscle, recent data indicate that there is a population of beta2-receptors in the human heart which comprise between 10% and 50% of cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors. The precise function of these receptors, however, is not yet established [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

Activation of beta2-adrenergic receptors on airway smooth muscle leads to the activation of adenylyl cyclase and to an increase in the intracellular concentration of cyclic-3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP). This increase of cyclic AMP leads to the activation of protein kinase, which inhibits the phosphorylation of myosin and lowers intracellular ionic calcium concentrations, resulting in relaxation. Albuterol relaxes the smooth muscles of all airways, from the trachea to the terminal bronchioles. Albuterol acts as a functional antagonist to relax the airway irrespective of the spasmogen involved, thus protecting against all bronchoconstrictor challenges. Increased cyclic AMP concentrations are also associated with the inhibition of release of mediators from mast cells in the airway.

Albuterol has been shown in most clinical trials to have more bronchial smooth muscle relaxation effect than isoproterenol at comparable doses while producing fewer cardiovascular effects. However, all beta‑adrenergic agonist drugs, including albuterol sulfate, can produce a significant cardiovascular effect in some patients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
The first PN visit will take place within 1-2 weeks of consent. Each of the 5 subsequent PN visits will take place every 1-2 weeks. We expect patients to complete the intervention within 2-3 months of consent. The function of the initial visit is to establish trust and ensure a more personal approach with participants. The community-based PN intervention is grounded in core Latino values (e.g. trust, personalized relationships). The core elements of the PN intervention include patient motivational interviewing as well as patient activation, empowerment (e.g. help with scheduling of healthcare appointments and re-scheduling of missed HD sessions), education (e.g. education of ESKD and need for renal replacement therapy), and social challenges (e.g. access to resources for transportation, benefits, immigration issues). The duration, individuals present during the visit, and content discussed will be documented in the visit form.
Fluticasone propionate is a substrate of cytochrome P450 3A4. A drug interaction study with fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray in healthy subjects has shown that ritonavir (a highly potent cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitor) can significantly increase plasma fluticasone propionate exposure, resulting in significantly reduced serum cortisol concentrations (see ). During postmarketing use, there have been reports of clinically significant drug interactions in patients receiving fluticasone propionate and ritonavir, resulting in systemic corticosteroid effects including Cushing syndrome and adrenal suppression. Therefore, coadministration of fluticasone propionate and ritonavir is not recommended unless the potential benefit to the patient outweighs the risk of systemic corticosteroid side effects. CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Drug Interactions

In a placebo-controlled, crossover study in 8 healthy volunteers, coadministration of a single dose of orally inhaled fluticasone propionate (1,000 mcg; 5 times the maximum daily intranasal dose) with multiple doses of ketoconazole (200 mg) to steady state resulted in increased plasma fluticasone propionate exposure, a reduction in plasma cortisol AUC, and no effect on urinary excretion of cortisol. Caution should be exercised when Fluticasone Propionate Nasal Spray, USP, is coadministered with ketoconazole and other known potent cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitors.
BACKGROUND: Spinal anesthesia (SA) is the preferred anesthesia modality for total joint arthroplasty (TJA). However, studies establishing SA as preferential may be subject to selection bias given that general anesthesia (GA) is often selectively utilized on more difficult, higher-risk operations. The optimal comparison group, therefore, is the patient converted to GA due to a failed attempt at SA. The purpose of this study was to determine risk factors and outcomes following failed SA with conversion to GA during primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
METHODS: A consecutive cohort of 4,483 patients who underwent primary TJA at our institution was identified (2,004 THA and 2,479 TKA). Of these patients, 3,307 underwent GA (73.8%), 1,056 underwent SA (23.3%), and 130 patients failed SA with conversion to GA (2.90%). Primary outcomes included rescue analgesia requirement in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), time to ambulation, pain scores in the PACU, estimated blood loss, and 90-day complications.
RESULTS: Risk factors for SA failure included older age and a higher comorbidity burden. Failure of SA was associated with increased estimated blood loss, rescue intravenous opioid use, and time to ambulation when compared to the successful SA group in both THA and TKA patients (P < .001). The anesthesia modality was not associated with significant differences in PACU pain scores. The 90-day complication rate was similar between the failed SA and GA groups. There was a higher incidence of postoperative pain prompting unplanned visits and thromboembolism when comparing failed SA to successful SA in both THA and TKA patients (P < .05).
CONCLUSIONS: In our series, patients who had failed SA demonstrated inferior outcomes to patients receiving successful SA and similar outcomes to patients receiving GA who did not have an SA attempt. This emphasizes the importance of success in the initial attempt at SA for optimizing outcomes following TJA.
An enantiomer-kaurene-3,16,17,19-tetraol and a preparation method and application thereof, relating to a novel compound and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides a compound enantiomer-kaurene-3,16,17,19-tetraol with in-vitro neuroprotective activity. The invention discloses a preparation method of enantiomer-kaurene-3,16,17,19-tetraol extracted from corn silk, the molecular formula is C  20 H 34 O 4 , the molecular weight is 338.2457, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1. extracting dry corn silk with 70% ethanol; 2. dispersing the ethanol-recovered extract with water, and sequentially extracting with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol; 3. separating ethyl acetate extract by silica gel column chromatography and reversed phase silica gel column chromatography. As an active ingredient for preparing an anti-neurodegenerative disease drug, is used for protecting the activity of APPH-induced PC-12 cells. It has better in vitro neuroprotective activity. The invention belongs to the field of extraction of active ingredients of natural medicines.