anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Controversy remains with the use of post-operative subfascial drains for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, with limited guidelines and a paucity of conclusive evidence. Thus, the aim of this meta-analysis was to analyse and collate an evidence summary to determine the efficacy of such drains.
METHODS: A systematic search of Medline (2002-2022.11), PubMed (2003-2022.11), Scopus (2002-2022.11), Cochrane Library (2015-2022.11) databases and reference lists of articles was conducted as per Cochrane systematic reviews standards. All relevant RCTs and NRCTs were included in this study. Data was extracted in a standardised form and analysed with RevMan version 5.4.1. Bias was assessed with RoB2 tool for RCTs and ROBINS-E tool for NRCTs.
RESULTS: Two RCTs (136 patients) and five NRCTs (7563 patients) were included. These had a moderate to high risk of bias, except for one very high-risk article. Meta-analysis results showed no significant differences for post-operative haematoma (P = 0.31), surgical site infection (P = 0.84), take back to theatre (P = 0.27), length of stay (P = 0.34), and estimated blood loss (P = 0.09). Dysphagia (P = 0.002) and median operative time (P = 0.02) were significantly increased in the drain cohort.
CONCLUSION: The low quality of available data in the included studies is insufficient to estimate the effect of post-operative drains for elective spondylotic ACDF. The findings suggest that if the decision to leave a drain in is left to the surgeon, then there is no difference in the rates of POH, SSI, LOS, or take back to the theatre. The significant association of dysphagia and increased operative time with drains, and the non-significant trend towards increased EBL with drains, must be considered in the context in which procedures may influence the decision to place drains. The results could not be stratified by various confounders that affect the decision-making process, including the number of levels operated. Due to the decreased quality and amount of evidence available, large-scale RCTs that adequately account for confounders should be performed.
Carcinogenicity studies have not been performed with midostaurin.

Midostaurin was not mutagenic in vitro in the bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test) or in Chinese hamster V97 cells. Midostaurin increased the frequency of polyploidy cells in an in vitro chromosomal aberrations assay in Chinese hamster ovary cells, but was not clastogenic in an in vivo rat bone marrow micronucleus assay when tested to the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of 200 mg/kg (1,200 mg/m2). This dose was approximately 20-fold the recommended human dose, based on body surface area.

Reproductive toxicity was observed in a fertility study, in male and female rats given oral doses of midostaurin at 10, 30 and 60 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 times, respectively, the AUC at the recommended human dose). In males, testicular degeneration and atrophy was observed at doses greater than or equal to 10 mg/kg/day and reduced sperm count and motility, and a decrease in reproductive organ weights were observed at 60 mg/kg/day. In females, increased resorptions, decreased pregnancy rate, and decreased number of implants and live embryos were observed at 60 mg/kg/day. In a 3-month toxicology study in dogs, there was inhibition of spermatogenesis at doses greater than or equal to 3 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.01 times the exposure at the recommended human dose).
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the growing chronic respiratory diseases and is now a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Acute exacerbations have a negative impact on the health-related quality of life, survival rates, lung function and utilization of healthcare resources in COPD patients. An apparatus (100), system (1400), method (200) and computer program for assessing a risk of an exacerbation and/or hospitalization of a subject are disclosed. For this, the time-dependent activity data is fourier transformed into frequency space to obtain frequency-dependent activity data. Next, moments of the frequency-dependent activity data are calculated. Finally, the risk of the exacerbation and/or hospitalization of the subject occurring is assessed based on the moment.
The present invention relates to previously unknown biological roles of Nogo-B. We have discovered that Nogo-B is a component of endothelial cells. We have also discovered that Nogo-B is highly expressed in intact blood vessels. The amino terminus of Nogo-B promotes the adhesion, spreading and migration of endothelial cells and plays a role in vascular remodeling. Thus, Nogo-B is a novel regulator of vascular homeostasis and remodeling. The present invention provides compositions comprising Nogo-B and fragments and fusion proteins thereof. The present invention also relates to nucleic acids encoding Nogo-B and fragments and fusion proteins thereof, as well as vectors and cells comprising such nucleic acids. The present invention also relates to antibodies specific for Nogo-B and fragments and fusion proteins thereof. The present invention also provides methods for preventing, detecting and treating Nogo-B-related diseases, disorders and conditions.
Novel compounds of the formula wherein Z 1 and Z 2 are each H, alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, alkenyl or alkynyl not conjugated with the ring, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl or heterocyclic, or Z 1 + Z 2 is alkylene R is OH, Cl or OR1 in which R1 is C 1-6 alkyl, 5-benzyl-fur-3-ylmethyl, dicarboximidomethyl, heterocyclic or 2-methyl- 3-R11-6-keto-cyclopent-2-enyl wherein R11 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl or heterocyclic A is in which R 1 is H or alkyl, R 2 and R 3 are each alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, or heterocyclic, R 3 having at least 2 carbon atoms, or R 2 and R 3 and the adjacent C atom form a C 3-7 carbon homocycle, saturated or unsaturated and optionally mono- or di-methyl or ethyl and/or methoxy or ethoxy substituted, or a polynuclear aromatic system or a similarly optionally substituted heterocycle, R 4 is methyl or ethyl, R 5 is H, methyl or ethyl or R 4 and R 5 form a saturated or unsaturated fused on homocycle or heterocycle, and Y and Y1 are aliphatic hydrocarbon chains, are prepared by reacting a sulphone of the formula H-A-SO 2 -Ar (Ar is optionally substituted aryl) in the presence of a basic agent with a compound of the formula Z 1 . Z 2 .C = CH.CO 2 R1 (R1 is C 1-6 -alkyl) to give products where R1 is C 1-6 alkyl which may be then transesterified or hydrolysed to the free acids and these re-esterified via functional derivatives such as the acid halides. The racemic acids may be resolved by means of an optically active organic base. The novel compounds wherein R 1 is H, Z 1 and Z 2 are each CH 3 and R 2 and R 3 and the intervening carbon atom form a 3 or 4 carbon homocycle are also prepared by reacting a cyclopropyl or cyclobutyl triaryl phosphonium halide with dl-trans-caronaldehydic acid. Other novel compounds comprise the l-ephedrine salts of d- and l-trans-3,3-dimethyl-2- cyclopentylidenemethyl - 1 - cyclopropane carboxylic acid, the d- and l-forms of this acid and the d- and dl-forms of the sodium salt of this acid. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 1,168,797.
PURPOSE:To produce the subject whisker useful as a medical material and a reinforcing material for composite materials by calcining one kind or more of hydroxyapatite, calcium phosphate and calcium hydrogenphosphate in the presence of an alkali metal salt. CONSTITUTION:100 pts.wt. of one kind or more of hydroxyapatite, calcium phosphate and calcium hydrogenphosphate is homogeneously mixed with 10-400 pts.wt. of at least one of alkali metal salts (e.g. sodium chloride) as a catalyst. The mixture is press-molded, calcined at 800-1200 deg.C for 1-8hr under the atmosphere, gradually cooled and subsequently crushed in water. The unreacted raw materials and the catalyst are removed, and the remaining product is washed with water to provide hydroxyapatite hydroxide whiskers having lengths of 5-150mum and diameters of 0.2-5mum.
Omarigliptin (MK-3102) 25 mg capsule administered orally once a week for 24 weeks. Participants continue pre-study concomitant therapy of open-label glimepiride tablet(s) orally once daily (total daily dose \>=4 mg per day) and metformin tablet(s) orally once or twice daily (total daily dose \>=1500 mg per day).
Tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity are incapacitating motor symptoms that can be suppressed with stereotactic neurosurgical treatment like deep brain stimulation (DBS) and ablative surgery (e.g., thalamotomy, pallidotomy). Traditionally, clinicians rely on clinical rating scales for intraoperative evaluation of these motor symptoms during awake stereotactic neurosurgery. However, these clinical scales have a relatively high inter-rater variability and rely on experienced raters. Therefore, objective registration (e.g., using movement sensors) is a reasonable extension for intraoperative assessment of tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity. The main goal of this scoping review is to provide an overview of electronic motor measurements during awake stereotactic neurosurgery. The protocol was based on the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews. After a systematic database search (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science), articles were screened for relevance. Hundred-and-three articles were subject to detailed screening. Key clinical and technical information was extracted. The inclusion criteria encompassed use of electronic motor measurements during stereotactic neurosurgery performed under local anesthesia. Twenty-three articles were included. These studies had various objectives, including correlating sensor-based outcome measures to clinical scores, identifying optimal DBS electrode positions, and translating clinical assessments to objective assessments. The studies were highly heterogeneous in device choice, sensor location, measurement protocol, design, outcome measures, and data analysis. This review shows that intraoperative quantification of motor symptoms is still limited by variable signal analysis techniques and lacking standardized measurement protocols. However, electronic motor measurements can complement visual evaluations and provide objective confirmation of correct placement of the DBS electrode and/or lesioning. On the long term, this might benefit patient outcomes and provide reliable outcome measures in scientific research.
The objective of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of a yoga treatment for veterans with mild post-traumatic and chronic tension-type headaches. The yoga will be provided in the form of 6 weekly yoga sessions aimed at providing direct instruction and immediate feedback on postures, breathing, and relaxation techniques in a small group format. The sessions will be led by an experienced yoga instructor who is a part of the study team and have worked with medical patients. A post-yoga 2-month follow-up assessment of self-reported symptoms, mood, and quality of life will also be assessed.

This is a feasibility study to determine if a yoga treatment is received favorably and can be successfully delivered to veterans seeking treatments for post-traumatic and chronic tension-type headaches. This study does not include a comparison group; therefore, we can only make conclusions based on pre to post differences in subjects who participate in the yoga. Our aim for this study is to collect data on the potential benefits of a targeted yoga treatment for symptoms experienced by these subjects, and to then utilize these data to implement a larger study with a comparison group.
One of the markers of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in infants and toddlers is impaired selective attention to faces. This impairment diminishes their ability to learn from and interact adaptively with others in real-world environments. Attentional selection in the social domain relies, in part, on one's ability to encode reward values of people and store these values in long-term memory as stable values. The 'stable' values (henceforth, 'values') are learned over the course of repeated learning opportunities, and once acquired, they are signaled rapidly, preferentially directing gaze to encoded faces of importance (high-value, HV) based on their hedonic or informative properties in the past. Automatic responses based on values stored in long-term memory are essential for survival when decisions have to be made rapidly (e.g., mother versus stranger). Learning about values is subserved by the reward learning system in the brain involving basal ganglia (BG) circuitry. This circuitry is implicated in the pathophysiology of ASD and extant evidence suggests that individuals with ASD exhibit specific impairments in learning the reward value of social stimuli such as faces. Based on this evidence, the investigators propose that limited attention to faces in toddlers with elevated autism symptoms (ASD+) is, in part, driven by impaired value learning in the social domain, affecting their ability to rapidly and preferentially select HV faces and ignore low-value (LV) faces in the complex real-world environment. Consequently, they exhibit diminished spontaneous attention to faces in general, and when they look at faces, they may distribute their limited attentional resources between high- (e.g., mother or therapist) and low-value (stranger) individuals in a trial-and-error fashion. The investigators further hypothesize that reinforcing attention of children with ASD+ toward specific faces through social value training (SVT) will increase their attention to these faces in real-world environments. In the proposed pilot study, ASD+ toddlers will undergo Social Value Training (SVT) using a gaze-contingent eye-tracking paradigm in toddlers with elevated symptoms of ASD (ASD+) (n=48). SVT will be administered over a two-day period and the training effects will be assessed by changes in visual attention to high-value (HV) faces as compared to low-value (LV) faces between baseline, post-baseline, and a follow-up assessment using two tasks: a laboratory selective attention (LSA) task and real-world selective attention (RWSA) task. The investigators will also evaluate acceptability and feasibility of the value training and contribution of sex, nonverbal developmental level, and severity of autism symptoms to response to the training.

Study was hindered by Covid and masking, therefore primary and secondary outcomes were unable to be collected as intended.
AIMS: Existing observational studies examining the effect of body fat on the risk of Parkinson disease (PD) have yielded inconsistent results. We aimed to investigate this causal relationship at the genetic level.
METHODS: We employed two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) to investigate the causal effects of body fat on PD, with multiple sex-specific body fat measures being involved. We performed Bayesian colocalization analysis and cross-trait meta-analysis to reveal pleiotropic genomic loci shared between body mass index (BMI) and PD. Finally, we used the MAGMA tool to perform tissue enrichment analysis of the genome-wide association study hits of BMI.
RESULTS: TSMR analysis suggests that except waist circumference, higher measures of body fatness are associated with a decreased risk of PD, including BMI (OR: 0.83), body fat percentage (OR: 0.69), body fat mass (OR: 0.77), and hip circumference (OR: 0.83). The observed effects were slightly more pronounced in females than males. Colocalization analysis highlighted two colocalized regions (chromosome 3p25.3 and chromosome 17p12) shared by BMI and PD and pointed to some genes as possible players, including SRGAP3, MTMR14, and ADORA2B. Cross-trait meta-analysis successfully identified 10 novel genomic loci, involving genes of TOX3 and MAP4K4. Tissue enrichment analysis showed that BMI-associated genetic variants were enriched in multiple brain tissues.
CONCLUSIONS: We found that nonabdominal body fatness exerts a robust protective effect against PD. Our colocalization analysis and cross-trait meta-analysis identified pleiotropic genetic variation shared between BMI and PD, providing new clues for understanding the association between body fat and PD.
The Alpha(v)beta3 integrin, one of the most prominent members of integrin superfamily, is trans-membrane heterodimeric proteins which mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix adhesion. Integrin alpha(v)beta3 receptor plays an pivotal role in promoting, sustaining and regulating the angiogenesis and was identified as a marker of angiogenic vascular tissue. Cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptides was identified as a key integrin recognition motif which could strongly bind to integrin alpha(v)beta3 and inhibit new blood vessel formation. Animal study in antigen induced arthritis demonstrated that intra-articular administration of a cyclic RGD antagonist of alpha(v)beta3 leading to inhibition of cell infiltrate, synovial angiogenesis, pannus formation, cartilage erosions and even diminishing arthritis severity. For these properties, RGD peptide-based multimodality molecular probes have been developed for noninvasive imaging by targeting integrin alpha(v)beta3. And compared with 18F-FDG PET/CT, radiolabeled RGD imaging is a promising approach to visualize angiogenesis and provide a therapeutic target for anti-angiogenetic and anti-integrin therapy.

For the further interests in clinical translation of 68Ga-BNOTA-PRGD2, an open-label PET/CT study was designed to investigate the diagnostic performance and evaluation efficacy of 68Ga-BNOTA-PRGD2 in RA patients.
Varicose veins affect up to 40% of the population and are associated with significant discomfort, skin damage, and complications including ulceration and perforation. In recent years, there has been a move towards minimally invasive treatment, including chemical sclerotherapy. Despite their widespread use,the fundamental effects of sclerosants have not been fully characterised. Furthermore, their use is associated with significant rates of re-canalisation and clinical recurrence. There is therefore significant scope for researching the effects of sclerosants on the vein wall and the mechanisms of cell death. Furthermore, the pathophysiology of varicose veins has not been fully characterised. It is the aim of this study to research a number of themes related to the use of sclerotherapy and the pathophysiology of varicose veins in order to provide information which will both further scientific knowledge and further develop clinical practice by optimising the use of sclerotherapy. This research will be conducted by a PhD student based at the University of Surrey, in conjunction with the Whiteley Clinic in Guildford. Veins and blood samples removed following varicose vein surgery at the Whiteley Clinic will be provided for laboratory-based research at the university. A range of methodologies will be employed to analyse cellular responses to sclerosants to determine the precise structural and biochemical changes which lead to destruction of the vein and clinical efficacy, and to investigate a number of key themes implicated in the pathophysiology of varicose veins.
BACKGROUND: The Netherlands is one of few countries worldwide which has used the bivalent HPV vaccine for girls-only for over a decade. This allows assessment of vaccine effectiveness (VE) against female genital HPV DNA-positivity of this vaccine in an observational post-licencing real-world setting. Additionally, it is unclear whether catch-up vaccination campaigns result in similar VE as routine vaccination. Therefore, type-specific and grouped VE were assessed and compared for women who had been eligible for catch-up vaccination at 13-16 years with those who had been eligible for routine vaccination at 12 years.
METHODS: PASSYON is a Dutch biennial repeated cross-sectional (2011-2021) study among sexual health clinic clients aged 16-24 years old. Women provided self-collected vaginal samples, questionnaires on demographics and sexual behaviour were administered, and women self-reported HPV vaccination status. Samples were analysed using a PCR-based assay (SPF10-LiPA25). Type-specific and grouped VE estimates, adjusted with propensity score stratification, were assessed against genital positivity for 14 HPV types. VE for targeted and non-targeted genotypes were compared between women who had been eligible for the catch-up and those who had been eligible for routine vaccination.
RESULTS: The study included 4488 female participants who had been eligible for HPV vaccination and provided genital swabs (1561 eligible for catch-up, 2927 for routine vaccination). Very high VE against genital HPV-16 and HPV-18 was observed (resp. 93.5% and 89.5%) and significant cross-protection against six other genotypes (HPV-31/33/35/45/52/58), varying from 18.0% (HPV-52) to 79.6% (HPV-45). VE estimates were comparable between women who had been eligible for the catch-up campaign and those eligible for routine vaccination: VE HPV-16/HPV-18: 92.2% (95%CI: 87.9-94.9) vs. 91.8% (95%CI: 86.0-95.2).
CONCLUSIONS: In real-world settings, the VE of bivalent vaccine is high against targeted genotypes, with cross-protection against 6 other genotypes. Catch-up campaigns up to age 16 years can be as effective as routine vaccination at age 12, although it is recommendable to provide HPV vaccination at an age at which most are likely not sexually active yet. This may inform countries considering catch-up campaigns when introducing or extending the use of HPV vaccination within their national immunisation programmes.
PURPOSE: A production is provided to obtain, through an industrially applicable method, the subject compound useful as an intermediate for producing pharmacologically active compounds, e.g. an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, by reacting a specific methanol compound with chlorodiphenylphosphine. CONSTITUTION: This compound of formula ll is obtained by reacting (A)£4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-isopropyl-2-(N-methyl-N-methylsulfonylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl|meth anol of formula I. with (B) chlorodiphenylphosphine. The above reaction is carried out pref., for example, by directly reacting the component A with the component B, and thereafter, with a base (pref. an alkali metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide). It is desirable that this direct reaction of the component A with the component B is carried out at-20 to 130 °C, using a phase-transfer catalyst such as tetrabutylammonium chloride.
Patients in the control group will be received 60-minute conventional pysiotherapy session for 5-days in a week, over 4-week. Each physiotherapy session will consist of range of motion exercises, strengthening exercises, exercises such as activities of daily living, mobility and transfer activities.