anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
During the transurethral resection of the bladder procedure, the bladder will initially be examined in a systematic meridian fashion. Suspicious tumors identified by white light only, NIRF only, and both will be identified. If intense fluorescence is observed in the initial patient(s) at 10 min, dwell duration will be reduced to 5 min for the next patient(s); if abundant fluorescence is detected there as well, dwell duration will be shortened again to 2.5 min. At least three patients will be studied at each duration to document intense fluorescence before proceeding to shorter instillation durations in subsequent patients.
Experimental: RIPC Remote preconditioning. EGFR calculated using MDRD equation. Oral hydration pre-procedural as reno-protective measure. Preconditioning will be performed in the same manner as several previous trials. Immediately prior to angiography a CE-approved blood pressure cuff will be placed around one arm of the patient. It will then be inflated to a pressure of 200mmHg for 5 minutes. For patients with a systolic blood pressure \>185mmHg, the cuff will be inflated to at least 15mmHg above the patient's systolic blood pressure. The cuff will then be deflated and the arm allowed reperfuse for 5 minutes. This will be repeated so that each patient receives a total of 4 ischaemia-reperfusion cycles.
FIELD: medicine, cosmetology. SUBSTANCE: proposed emulsion cosmetic cream contains the base and addition - combination of two biologically active substances - chitosan and collagenase. Cream shows antioxidant, antiinflammatory, hydratant actions. Cream does not cause allergic and other by-side effects. Cream can be used in gerontology. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of cream.
Background: Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) for clavicular shaft fracture yields favorable functional outcomes and results in less surgery-related soft tissue injury than other techniques. Anterior chest and shoulder skin numbness, a common complication after open reduction and plate fixation, is related to injury to the supraclavicular nerves. We propose MIPO combined with a mini-open approach without fluoroscopy for nerve preservation to minimize the risk of postoperative numbness compared with traditional open plating without nerve preservation. Methods: A total of 59 patients were retrospectively identified, with a follow-up period of 6 months. Thirty-two patients underwent MIPO with mini-open and nerve preservation technique (MIPO group), and 27 patients underwent traditional open plating without nerve preservation (open group). Constant-Murley shoulder outcome score, operation time, wound length, skin numbness, and number of implant removals were compared between the groups. Results: The MIPO group had significantly lower rates of anterior chest and shoulder skin numbness than the open group (MIPO: 12.5% vs. open: 55.6%; p < 0.001). Operation time was significantly longer in the MIPO group than in the open group (MIPO: 109.38 ± 18.83 vs. open: 81.48 ± 18.85; p < 0.001). Wound length was significantly shorter in the MIPO group than in the open group (MIPO: 4.73 ± 0.79 vs. open: 9.76 ± 1.64; p < 0.001). Both groups had similarly excellent Constant-Murley shoulder scores. There were significantly fewer implant removals in the MIPO group than in the open group (MIPO: 6.3% vs. open: 25.9%; p = 0.036). Neither group experienced any infection, implant failure, or nonunion. Conclusions: Our technique combining MIPO with the mini-open approach and supraclavicular nerve preservation yields a lower incidence of skin numbness than traditional open plating without nerve preservation.
Patients with symptomatic Zenker's diverticulum are considered for STESD. The diagnosis is based on clinical presentation, barium swallow, EGD and a swallow test to rule out other possible disorders causing cervical dysphagia. A scoring system (Costamagna, GIE, 2016) is used to evaluate severity of the symptoms. Four symptoms are evaluated: 1) dysphagia, 2) regurgitation, 3) daytime respiratory symptoms and 4) nighttime respiratory symptoms. These are scored based on a solid food diet according to the symptom frequency calculated within 2 consecutive weeks: 0-never, 1-1day/ week, 2-2\~4days/ week, 3-≥5 days/ week. Under EGD and barium swallow test, configuration of the diverticulum is documented in detail (Shou-Jiang Tang, Laryngoscope, 2008). Quality of life is assessed using the SF-36 form. The pre- and post-STESD symptom score, quality of life score, and diverticulum configuration are compared.

Adverse events are recorded and graded according to the system suggested by the ASGE workshop (Cotton, GIE, 2010).
Contingent upon participants losing 5% of body weight or more in Phase I (weight loss) of this trial, participants will receive a 4-month behavioral weight maintenance intervention consisting of 7 sessions that focus on evidence-based weight management strategies focused on diet, exercise, and behavioral skills. In this treatment, participants will be asked to read short passages related to nutrition and a healthy lifestyle through our study website twice a day for the duration of treatment.
This invention is directed to a homogenous water-in-perfluorochemical stable liquid dispersion for acceptable therapeutic administration of a drug to the lung of an animal. The dispersion includes a perfluorochemical liquid, water, surfactant and drug, wherein the water is homogeneously dispersed in the perfluorochemical to form a stable water-in-perfluorochemical liquid dispersion. The perfluorochemical constitutes greater than 50% by volume of the dispersion, and the drug is contained in the dispersion in an effective therapeutic amount. The invention further includes a method of delivering a drug to the lung of an animal. This aspect of the invention includes administering a stable homogenous water-in-perfluorochemical liquid dispersion to the animal lung or a section thereof. If desired, the method may further include delivering a breathable gas to the lung with a mechanical ventilator during the administration.
INTRODUCTION: HMGB1 is a non-histone chromatin protein released or secreted in response to tissue damage or infection. Extracellular HMGB1, as a crucial immunomodulatory factor, binds with several different receptors to innate inflammatory responses that aggravate acute and chronic liver diseases. The increased levels of HMGB1 have been reported in various liver diseases, highlighting that it represents a potential biomarker and druggable target for therapeutic development.
AREAS COVERED: This review summarizes the current knowledge on the structure, function, and interacting receptors of HMGB1 and its significance in multiple liver diseases. The latest patented and preclinical studies of HMGB1 inhibitors (antibodies, peptides, and small molecules) for liver diseases are summarized by using the keywords 'HMGB1,' 'HMGB1 antagonist, HMGB1-inhibitor,' 'liver disease' in Web of Science, Google Scholar, Google Patents, and PubMed databases in the year from 2017 to 2023.
EXPERT OPINIONS: In recent years, extensive research on HMGB1-dependent inflammatory signaling has discovered potent inhibitors of HMGB1 to reduce the severity of liver injury. Despite significant progress in the development of HMGB1 antagonists, few of them are approved for clinical treatment of liver-related diseases. Developing safe and effective specific inhibitors for different HMGB1 isoforms and their interaction with receptors is the focus of future research.
UNLABELLED: This case report recounts the details of a patient diagnosed with narcolepsy and cataplexy whose headaches improved once treatment with armodafinil began. The clinical significance of this report lies in the fact that armodafinil is known to cause headaches, at least initially. But perhaps through a reduced need for caffeine and/or a regulation of sleep/wake, armodafinil may reduce headache frequency and severity.
CITATION: Barone DA. Headache improves with armodafinil. J Clin Sleep Med. 2024;20(3):469-470.
To the best of the investigators' knowledge, this is a novel study. Studies have been previously done on individuals who have suffered an acute TBI and were admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) setting but none have been completed on individuals who suffer post-concussion headaches. Despite a high prevalence of post-concussive headache, there are no evidence-based guidelines for acute or preventive pharmacological treatment. Patients who experience very frequent or daily headache post-concussive headache are also at risk of developing medication-overuse headache (MOH)12. In addition, patients with post-concussive headache experience disabling comorbidities such as symptoms of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances 12 This study will be of benefit to patients who suffer headaches after a concussion because, though various treatments have been studied, including a combination of Reglan and Benadryl (63% effective in one prospective study) triptans vs non-triptans (70% effective vs 42% effective in one retrospective trial), gabapentin vs tricyclic antidepressants vs. no medication (no significant difference in outcome), none have been established as a definitive treatment regimen for post-concussive headache 12. Corticosteroids are currently utilized for management of these headaches; they are done so at the discretion of the physician and like the aforementioned medications, are not standard of care. Corticosteroid used in severe TBI (GCS \< 8) have been widely studied8, however the utility has not been conclusive. Of note, case studies in the pediatric population with mild TBI (GCS 13-15) and post-concussive headache, report that they respond well to the Medrol Dose Pack with headache improvement during or after completion of the medication2. Currently, there is no standard treatment of post-concussion headaches, and in clinical practice, it has been observed that only approximately 50% of patients improve without any medication use. It is important to establish the role of corticosteroids in treating post-concussive headaches because they may improve quality of life and accelerate patient's functional recovery.
Mineral or organic base salts, pref. Na or triethanolamine salts, of 5-hydroxymthyl-3-hydroxy-2-methyl pyridly (4) methyl dithiocarbamic acid are effective in conc. 0.1-20% to combat greasy skin and scalp conditions and dandruff, and are prepd. by addn. of CSi to 5-hydroxymethyl 3-hydroxy-2-methyl pyridyl (4) methylamine as free base or HCl salt in presence of mineral or organic base. Salts used, pref. in aq. or hydroalcoholic soln. as lotion for treating scalp or as cream or lotion fro treating greasy skin, possibly with perfumes, adjuvants etc.
In patients who may be se tablets. Opioids may also consciousness or coma. In patients who may be susceptible to the intracranial effects of CO 2 retention (e.g., those with evidence of increased intracranial pressure or brain tumors), tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets may reduce respiratory drive, and the resultant CO 2 retention can further increase intracranial pressure. Monitor such patients for signs of sedation and respiratory depression, particularly when initiating therapy with tramadol hydrochloride extended-relea se tablets.   
  
Opioids may also obscure the clinical course in a patient with a head injury. Avoid the use of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets in patients with impaired consciousness or coma.
An optical device includes a diode light source which is preferably in the form of an array of diode elements such as laser diodes or light emitting diodes (LEDs). The light emitted from the diode elements is directed towards a reflector which directs the emitted light through a heat sink member for controlling the temperature of the diode elements. The heat sink member preferably has a plurality of fins for dissipating heat, and the emitted light passes through these fins and away from the optical device. An optical lightguide may be integrated with the optical device to give the user better control over how the emitted light is imaged. The diode elements preferably emit in either the blue or ultraviolet region of the optical spectrum. In one embodiment of the invention, the output from the diode elements has a cross section that is variable in shape, permitting a composite material within a cavity of a tooth to be cured in such a way that microgaps between the tooth and the composite are not formed.
With the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)in recent years, the treatment outcomes for unresectable recurrent esophageal cancer have improved markedly. In 5-FU+cisplatin(FP)first-line therapy, 5-FU administration takes 5 days and generally requires hospitalization. However, frequent hospitalization for treatment is a crucial issue that must be resolved in terms of time investment and optimal use of hospital resources. Here, we evaluated the safety and potential adverse effects of the administration of FP therapy in an outpatient setting. After central venous ports were placed in 5 patients, cisplatin was administered using a short hydration method and 5-FU was infused for 120 hours using an infusion pump. No crucial adverse events or major pump-related problems occurred, suggesting the feasibility of this treatment in an outpatient setting. However, the duration of 5-FU administration via the pump varied more than the expected deviation (10%, 12 hours), indicating that the issues require further consideration.
Keloid disorder is a morbid and disfiguring benign fibroproliferative disease with a higher incidence in groups with darker skin pigmentation. Predicting keloidogenesis in patients is difficult with treatment primarily aimed at preventing further scar expansion and improving aesthetics without addressing their unknown underlying pathophysiology. We aimed to identify potential genetic predispositions to keloid scarring in the literature. A search was conducted on 21 August 2023, by the first and second authors independently from 1985 to August 2023 using PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and CINAHL. The following MeSH terms were used: 'Keloid', 'Risk' and 'Genetic'. Two researchers independently searched for studies based on titles and abstracts and screened filtered articles by reviewing full text. If no agreement could be reached, a third senior author designated whether the article should be included. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 statement as the basis of our organisation. Human studies with genetic analysis to determine an association of a protein or gene to keloidogenesis were selected for inclusion. Studies in languages other than English, reviews, conference articles, and book chapters were excluded. Fifty studies met inclusion criteria. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system was broadly implicated, and the DRB1*15 allele was associated with an increased risk of keloid in three separate ethnic groups. Some HLA Class I alleles were associated with keloid in one population but not in others. Additionally, polymorphisms in the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (NEDD4) signal cascade and vitamin D receptor (VDR) have been implicated in diverse groups. No current genetic test can predict keloid risk. Our review identified candidate predisposing genes, including NEDD4, VDR and components of the HLA system. Further studies in heterogeneous populations are needed to identify reliable screening targets.
BACKGROUND: Appendicitis is the most prevalent surgical emergency. The negative appendicectomy rate and diagnostic uncertainty are important concerns. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of current appendicitis risk prediction models in patients with acute right iliac fossa pain.
METHODS: A nationwide prospective observational study was conducted, including all consecutive adult patients who presented with right iliac fossa pain. Diagnostic, clinical and negative appendicectomy rate data were recorded. The Alvarado score, Appendicitis Inflammatory Response (AIR), Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis (RIPASA) and Adult Appendicitis Score systems were calculated with collected data to classify patients into risk categories. Diagnostic value and categorization performance were evaluated, with use of risk category-based metrics including 'true positive rate' (percentage of appendicitis patients in the highest risk category), 'failure rate' (percentage of patients with appendicitis in the lowest risk category) and 'categorization resolution' (true positive rate/failure rate).
RESULTS: A total of 3358 patients from 84 centres were included. Female patients were less likely to undergo surgery than men (71.5% versus 82.5% respectively; relative risk 0.866, 95% c.i. 0.834 to 0.901, P < 0.001); with a three-fold higher negative appendicectomy rate (11.3% versus 4.1% respectively; relative risk 2.744, 95% c.i. 2.047 to 3.677, P < 0.001). Ultrasonography was utilized in 56.8% and computed tomography in 75.2% of all patients. The Adult Appendicitis Score had the best diagnostic performance for the whole population; however, only RIPASA was significant in men. All scoring systems were successful in females patients, but Adult Appendicitis Score had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value. The RIPASA and the Adult Appendicitis Score had the best categorization resolution values, complemented by their exceedingly low failure rates in both male and female patients. Alvarado and AIR had extremely high failure rates in men.
CONCLUSION: The negative appendicectomy rate was low overall, but women had an almost three-fold higher negative appendicectomy rate despite lower likelihood to undergo surgery. The overuse of imaging tests, best exemplified by the 75.2% frequency of patients undergoing computed tomography, may lead to increased costs. Risk-scoring systems such as RIPASA and Adult Appendicitis Score appear to be superior to Alvarado and AIR.
Exercise with Whole-body vibration (WBV) platform (Power Plate®). The participants will perform squat on a vibratory platform (3 times per week; 10 repetitions 30 to 60 seconds; Frequency: 25-30 Hz; Amplitude: 2 mm).
Patients in this group had undergone resection of the septum with Monopolar 26 French resectoscope Dilation of cervical os with Hegar's dilator (up to hegar 8 or 9) , incision of the septum using a resectoscope with the Collins knife, monopolar energy (cut 40-70 Watt) and glycine 1.5% as the distension medium, using shortening or thinning incision. The operation was stopped if the fluid deficit exceeded 1000 ml of glycine. The delivery of distension media was conducted by automated pressure delivery system. All patients were prescribed cyclic estrogen and progesterone for two months.
Acarbose was studied as monotberapy and as combination therapy to sulfonylurea, metformin, or insulin treatment. The treatment effects on HbA1c levels and one-hour postprandial glucose levels are summarized for four placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized studies conducted in the United States in Tables 2 and 3, respectively. The placebo-subtracted treatment differences, which are summarized below, were statistically significant for both variables in all of these studies.

Study 1 (N=109) involved patients on background treatment with diet only. The mean effect of the addition of acarbose to diet therapy was a change in HbA1c of -0.78%, and an improvement of one-hour postprandial glucose of -74.4 mg/dL.

In Study 2 (N=137), the mean effect of the addition of acarbose to maximum sulfonylurea therapy was a change in HbA1c of -0.54%, and an improvement of one-hour postprandial glucose of -33.5 mg/dL.

In Study 3 (N=147), the mean effect of the addition of acarbose to maximum metformin therapy was a change in HbA1c of -0.65%, and an improvement of one-hour postprandial glucose of -34.3 mg/dL.

Study 4 (N=145) demonstrated that acarbose added to patients on background treatment with insulin resulted in a mean change in HbA1c of -0.69%, and an improvement of one-hour postprandial glucose of -36 mg/dL.

A one year study of acarbose as monotherapy or in combination with sulfonylurea, metformin or insulin treatment was conducted in Canada in which 316 patients were included in the primary efficacy analysis (Figure 2). In the diet, sulfonylurea and metformin groups, the mean decrease in HbA1c produced by the addition of acarbose was statistically significant at six months, and this effect was persistent at one year. In the acarbose-treated patients on insulin, there was a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c at six months, and a trend for a reduction at one year.

Figure 2: Effects of acarbose (■) and placebo (●) on mean change in HbA1c levels from baseline throughout a one-year study in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus when used in combination with: (A) diet alone; (B) sulfonylurea; (C) metformin; or (D) insulin. Treatment differences at 6 and 12 months were tested: *p<0.01; # p=0.077.
Each participant will wear 21 surgical face masks corresponding to the follow-up days in the randomized clinical trial. Additionally, each participant will receive an educational intervention (video).
The proposed study will be conducted at the Johns Hopkins Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit (BPRU). All participants will be healthy adult volunteers who are regular nicotine/tobacco users, and have prior experience with cannabis use. Participants will complete seven outpatient experimental test sessions (completed in a randomized order), under double-blind conditions in which participants will first self-administer smoked cannabis (either active or placebo), followed by nicotine (via a tobacco cigarette or an e-cigarette); there will also be one condition in which participants smoke active cannabis alone (without subsequent nicotine use). Nicotine self-administration will occur in an ad libitum fashion for 5 hours. Nicotine products will be the individual participant's preferred brand of cigarettes or the commercial pod-style e-cigarette the JUUL (pods will contain either 3% or 5% nicotine pods). Active cannabis will contain 10 mg tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) while placebo will contain 0 mg THC. During the ad libitum nicotine/tobacco-use period, various puffing behaviors (e.g., puff volume, puff duration, puff number, inter-puff-interval) will be measured using specialized equipment. Acute subjective effects of cannabis/nicotine, cannabis/nicotine withdrawal symptoms, craving, vital signs, and cognitive/psychomotor performance will also be assessed throughout the experimental sessions.
RESEARCH PURPOSE: GLUT1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1DS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the SLC2A1 gene that limits the transport of glucose across the blood-brain barrier. Speech disorders and dysarthria are typical findings in patients with GLUT1DS, but have never been deeply phenotyped. The aim of the present study was to characterize speech abilities in a sample of patients with GLUT1DS.
RESULTS: 30 patients with GLUT1DS were recruited. We reported impairments in different speech and oromotor domains: the speech was characterized by dysarthria, inaccurate articulation of consonants, abnormal nasal resonance, errors in intonation and prosody and low intelligibility. We observed difficulties in motor planning and programming. Moreover, we observed a significant difference between the dysarthric level of impairment with genotype groups.
CONCLUSIONS: The presence of a speech disorder in patients with GLUT1DS represents a core feature of the syndrome. Our findings suggest that patients with GLUT1DS would benefit from a comprehensive neurocognitive assessment to detect strengths and weaknesses of the speech profile. Understanding the speech and language phenotype in GLUT1DS is critical for planning early intervention to positively influence the global development of patients with GLUT1DS.