anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Skeletal muscle disuse is an important contributing factor to physical disability. Disuse is more frequent in the elderly and they are more susceptible to its debilitating effects because of their diminished physiological reserve. Despite these facts, the mechanisms whereby disuse promotes skeletal muscle contractile dysfunction in this population remain largely undetermined. Therefore, the investigators will systematically test for modifications of single skeletal muscle fiber structure and function that underlie contractile dysfunction. Elderly individuals characterized by chronic muscle disuse (patients with knee osteoarthritis) will be compared to carefully-matched controls with no clinical evidence of knee osteoarthritis and normal activity levels. Thereafter, elderly with chronic disuse will undergo an exercise intervention to remediate muscle disuse. The investigators hypothesize that muscle disuse impairs contractile function, in part, through alterations in myosin kinetics, myofilament protein content and the mechanical properties of the myofilament lattice and that exercise rehabilitation will counteract these deficits. The investigators will specifically examine the effect of disuse on mechanical, kinetic and structural properties and molecular composition of single muscle fibers in cases and controls, as well as determine how increasing muscle use in elderly with chronic disuse via exercise training affects muscle fiber mechanical, kinetic and structural properties and molecular composition. These translational studies will provide the first comprehensive evaluation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms through which muscle disuse alters skeletal muscle structure and contractile function in elderly humans. This knowledge can assist in the development and refinement of preventative and corrective therapies for disability by tailoring these approaches to address specific molecular defects.
The invention discloses an alprostadil freeze-dried powder injection and a preparation method thereof. The alprostadil freeze-dried powder injection comprises the following components: alprostadil, hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin and dextran 40, wherein the weight ratio of the alprostadil to the hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin to the dextran 40 is 1:(50-150):70. According to the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin has an enveloping effect, is low in hemolytic activity, has no irritation to muscles, is capable of enhancing the stability of medicines and can be used for improving the stability and the dissolvability of the alprostadil, and the water solubility of the hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin is greater than 50 percent. The dextran 40 is used for improving the freeze-dried forming characteristics of the alprostadil for injection. The pH value is regulated to be 4.0-4.5, and the alprostadil freeze-dried powder injection is higher in stability within the range of 4.0-4.5. The alprostadil freeze-dried powder injection obtained by adopting the technical scheme disclosed by the invention is safe and stable and is exact in curative effect and high in clinical adaptability of patients.
The invention solves the problem of outputting the data quantity required for relearning. The information processing device for medical use according to an embodiment includes a registration unit, a first calculation unit, a second calculation unit, and an output unit. The registration unit registers first association information associated with a newly generated first learned model. The first calculation unit calculates, for each of the plurality of second learned models, a similarity between second association information associated with an existing second learned model and the first association information. The second calculation unit calculates the amount of data required for generating the first learned model for each of the plurality of second learned models based on the similarity of each of the plurality of second learned models. The output unit outputs the data amount required for generating the first learned model for each of the plurality of second learned models.
Standard care alone (SC) will be provided. Subjects in the SC group will standard care for 3 weeks.
Randomized clinical trial, according to CONSORT standards, with newborn preterm gestational age \<34 weeks and birth weight \<1500 g, admitted to the intensive care unit. Newborns will be randomized. Those selected for the control group (CG) will be placed in the incubator following the service routine. Babies in the intervention group (IG), will be positioned supine in a hammock in the incubator, with the appropriate postural adjustments. The evaluation of muscle activity will be carried out through surface electromyography. Evaluations shall be performed immediately before the intervention; immediately after 24 hours of intervention; and within 24 hours without intervention, in order to compare the values before and after the intervention of the two groups, as well as if the effects of the intervention are maintained after its removal.
This study aimed to determine whether a dental health education program would reduce cardiometabolic risk (obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia) in people with periodontitis. We used annual check-up data provided by the Japanese company's health insurance union. Of 182 male employees with cardiometabolic risk and periodontal pockets at baseline, 21 participants of the dental health education program and 21 non-participants matched for age, the presence of obesity, and periodontal pocket at baseline were allocated to the intervention (mean age, 53.3 ± 7.0) and the non-intervention groups (mean age, 52.9 ± 7.0), respectively. The program focused on self-removal of dental plaque with a toothbrush and interdental brush and comprised five sessions over 12 months. In the intervention group, waist circumference (cm) and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) decreased from 88.4 ± 6.3 to 86.8 ± 6.3 and from 85.7 ± 8.2 to 82.6 ± 8.3, respectively (P < 0.05). Intergroup comparison showed significant improvement of systolic blood pressure (mmHg) in the intervention group (-3.7 ± 12.5) compared with the non-intervention group (4.0 ± 15.9) (P < 0.05) with no significant differences in the other parameters. The intervention group had a decrease in plaque accumulation and periodontitis symptoms, such as the depth of periodontal pocket and the presence of periodontal pocket and bleeding on probing, but an increase in the frequency of interdental brushing and duration of tooth brushing. Our findings show that dental self-care may improve blood pressure in people with cardiometabolic risk factors and periodontitis.
The invention provides a preparation method and application of Nepeta bracteata total flavonoids. The method comprises the steps of conducting extraction with hydrous ethanol to the Uygur Nepeta bracteata, conducting macroporous resin enrichment to acquire the Nepeta bracteata total flavonoids. The total flavonoids content accounts for no less than 68% of the Nepeta bracteata total flavonoids extracts. The Nepeta bracteata total flavonoids have the functions of anti-inflammation, anti-coughing, phlegm elimination and asthma relief. The preparation with Nepeta bracteata total flavonoids as the main material, and with the incorporation of a variety of additional drug excipients, can be used for the therapy of influenza, pneumonia, bronchitis and asthma. The preparation method has the advantages of being simple and safe, being good in repeatability, and having no pollution, thus being suitable for large scale production.
Teratogenic effects

See boxed WARNINGS. Congenital anomalies sometimes associated with fetal death have been reported subsequent to the unsuccessful use of misoprostol as an abortifacient, but the drug's teratogenic mechanism has not been demonstrated. Several reports in the literature associate the use of misoprostol during the first trimester of pregnancy with skull defects, cranial nerve palsies, facial malformations, and limb defects.

Cytotec is not fetotoxic or teratogenic in rats and rabbits at doses 625 and 63 times the human dose, respectively.

Nonteratogenic effects

See boxed WARNINGS. Cytotec may endanger pregnancy (may cause abortion) and thereby cause harm to the fetus when administered to a pregnant woman. Cytotec may produce uterine contractions, uterine bleeding, and expulsion of the products of conception. Abortions caused by Cytotec may be incomplete. If a woman is or becomes pregnant while taking this drug to reduce the risk of NSAID-induced ulcers, the drug should be discontinued and the patient apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus.
Vasoconstrictor Assay

Vasoconstrictor studies performed with desoximetasone topical spray in healthy subjects indicate that it is in the high to super-high range of potency as compared with other topical corticosteroids.

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Adrenal (HPA) Axis Suppression

The potential for hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression was evaluated in two trials. Desoximetasone topical spray was applied twice a day for 28 days and HPA axis suppression was defined as serum cortisol level ≤18 mcg/dL 30-min post cosyntropin stimulation.

In the first trial, out of 24 adult subjects with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, 21 subjects had evaluable serum cortisol levels. The proportion of subjects demonstrating HPA axis suppression was 8.3% (1 out of 12) in subjects having psoriasis involvement of 10-15% of body surface area (BSA), and 22.2% (2 out of 9) in subjects having psoriasis involvement of >15% of their BSA. In the 2 subjects with available follow-up values, suppression reversed 28 days after the end of treatment.

In another trial, the HPA axis suppression was evaluated in 106 pediatric subjects with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. One hundred subjects had evaluable serum cortisol levels. The proportion of subjects demonstrating HPA axis suppression was 35.0% (21 out of 60) in Cohort 1 (12 years to less than 18 years of age, with a mean baseline BSA involvement of 16%), and 43.3% (13 out of 30) in Cohort 2 (6 years to less than 12 years of age, with a mean baseline BSA involvement of 19%). Trial enrollment in the youngest cohort (2 years to less than 6 years of age) was discontinued early due to high incidence of HPA axis suppression observed in the two oldest cohorts (6 years to less than 18 years of age).

The overall HPA axis suppression rate was 36% in pediatric subjects 2 years to less than 18 years of age. Due to high incidence of HPA axis suppression observed from this trial, desoximetasone topical spray is not recommended for use in pediatric patients less than 18 years of age [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4)].
BACKGROUND: People with chronic inflammatory arthritis (IA) often have a reduced work ability. Consequently, they are at high risk of losing their jobs and being permanently excluded from the labor market. Therefore, we developed a new context-specific vocational rehabilitation intervention for people with IA based on the Medical Research Council's framework for complex interventions. This intervention is called "WORK-ON" and consists of: (1) Initial assessment and goal setting by an occupational therapist experienced in rheumatology rehabilitation; (2) coordinated support from the same occupational therapist, including assistance in navigating the primary and secondary healthcare and social care systems; (3) group sessions for peer support; and (4) individually tailored consultations with physiotherapists, nurses, and/or social workers. This study investigates the feasibility of WORK-ON.
METHODS: A 6-month single-arm feasibility study with a pre-test post-test design was conducted to evaluate recruitment, intervention fidelity and delivery, data collection, and possible outcome measures. Work ability was the primary outcome, and sick leave, quality of life, fatigue, pain, physical activity, sleep, and well-being were the secondary outcomes evaluated.
RESULTS: In total, 19 participants (17 women and 2 men) with a median age of 55 years (range, 34-64) participated and completed WORK-ON. Of these, 17 participants completed patient-reported outcomes at baseline and follow-up, and the results indicated a tendency to improvement in work ability, quality of life, level of physical activity, decrease in pain, and increase in days of sick leave during the 6-month intervention period. The rehabilitation clinicians spent an average of 15.3 h per participant, and the participants spent an average of 13.5 h in the intervention.
CONCLUSIONS: WORK-ON is considered feasible and has the potential to increase work ability among people with IA who are concerned about their future ability to keep working. Though, an adjustment of the intervention is needed before testing in a randomized controlled trial.
Subject will be given Decadron 0.2mg/kg intraoperatively. This dose will be followed by 4 mg. every 6 hours for the first 24 hours.
BACKGROUND: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms linked with the rs1474868 T allele (MFN2 [mitofusin-2] T/T) in the human mitochondrial fusion protein MFN2 gene are associated with reduced platelet MFN2 RNA expression and platelet counts. This study investigates the impact of MFN2 on megakaryocyte and platelet biology.
METHODS: Mice with megakaryocyte/platelet deletion of Mfn2 (Mfn2-/- [Mfn2 conditional knockout]) were generated using Pf4-Cre crossed with floxed Mfn2 mice. Human megakaryocytes were generated from cord blood and platelets isolated from healthy subjects genotyped for rs1474868. Ex vivo approaches assessed mitochondrial morphology, function, and platelet activation responses. In vivo measurements included endogenous/transfused platelet life span, tail bleed time, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion, and pulmonary vascular permeability/hemorrhage following lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury.
RESULTS: Mitochondria was more fragmented in megakaryocytes derived from Mfn2-/- mice and from human cord blood with MFN2 T/T genotype compared with control megakaryocytes. Human resting platelets of MFN2 T/T genotype had reduced MFN2 protein, diminished mitochondrial membrane potential, and an increased rate of phosphatidylserine exposure during ex vivo culture. Platelet counts and platelet life span were reduced in Mfn2-/- mice accompanied by an increased rate of phosphatidylserine exposure in resting platelets, especially aged platelets, during ex vivo culture. Mfn2-/- also decreased platelet mitochondrial membrane potential (basal) and activated mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate, reactive oxygen species generation, calcium flux, platelet-neutrophil aggregate formation, and phosphatidylserine exposure following dual agonist activation. Ultimately, Mfn2-/- mice showed prolonged tail bleed times, decreased ischemic stroke infarct size after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, and exacerbated pulmonary inflammatory hemorrhage following lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. Analysis of MFN2 SNPs in the iSPAAR study (Identification of SNPs Predisposing to Altered ALI Risk) identified a significant association between MFN2 and 28-day mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
CONCLUSIONS: Mfn2 preserves mitochondrial phenotypes in megakaryocytes and platelets and influences platelet life span, function, and outcomes of stroke and lung injury.
FIELD: veterinary. SUBSTANCE: this medicinal preparation is enclosed in container having openings and containing solid dispersion system composed of drugs and/or feed additives. Dispersion system employs alloy of sulfur with ponderous drugs and/or feed additives to be taken in amount of 1 to 35 percent by mass. Dispersion system undergoes dissolution and biological destruction in rumen on leaving container by convection to produce desired biological effect. EFFECT: excellent results. 1 tbl
The present invention relates to nucleotide sequences of the human E-cadherin gene, and the amino acid sequences of the encoded E-cadherin protein. The invention further relates to fragments and other derivatives, and analogs, of the human E-cadherin protein, as well as antibodies thereto. Nucleic acids encoding such fragments or derivatives are also within the scope of the invention, as well as human E-cadherin antisense nucleic acids. Production of the foregoing proteins and derivatives, e.g., by recombinant methods, is provided. In specific embodiments, the invention relates to human E-cadherin protein derivatives and analogs of the invention which are functionally active, or which comprise one or more domains of a human E-cadherin protein, including but not limited to the amino-terminal processed region, the HAV homotypic binding domain, one or more of the three repeat domains, the transmembrane region, the extracellular region, the cytoplasmic domain, and any combination of the foregoing. The present invention further relates to therapeutic and diagnostic methods and compositions based on E-cadherin proteins and nucleic acids.
The isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex Multijoint Pro 3) was used for isokinetic exercises. The isokinetic exercise program was implemented over eight weeks, twice a week on non-consecutive days under the supervision of a doctor. The number of repetitions undertaken by the patients over the program were as follows: first week 5 at 60°/s and 10 at 180°/s, second week 10 at 60°/s and 15 at 180°/s, third week 15 at 60°/s and 20 at 180°/s, fourth week 20 at 60°/s and 30 at 180°/s, and in the last four weeks 20 at 60°/s and 40 at 180°/s angular velocities. Each block of 10 repetitions were performed as a set.
BACKGROUND: Identification of increased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) by right heart catheterization (RHC) is the reference standard for the diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Recently, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging estimation of PCWP at rest was introduced as a non-invasive alternative. Since many patients are only identified during physiological exercise-stress, we hypothesized that novel exercise-stress CMR-derived PCWP emerges superior compared to its assessment at rest.
METHODS: The HFpEF-Stress Trial prospectively recruited 75 patients with exertional dyspnea and diastolic dysfunction who then underwent rest and exercise-stress RHC and CMR. HFpEF was defined according to PCWP (overt HFpEF ≥15 mmHg at rest, masked HFpEF ≥25 mmHg during exercise-stress). CMR-derived PCWP was calculated based on previously published formula using left ventricular mass and either biplane left atrial volume (LAV) or monoplane left atrial area (LAA).
RESULTS: LAV (rest/stress: r = 0.50/r = 0.55, p < 0.001) and LAA PCWP (rest/stress: r = 0.50/r = 0.48, p < 0.001) correlated significantly with RHC-derived PCWP while numerically overestimating PCWP at rest and underestimating PCWP during exercise-stress. LAV and LAA PCWP showed good diagnostic accuracy to detect HFpEF (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) LAV rest 0.73, stress 0.81; LAA rest 0.72, stress 0.77) with incremental diagnostic value for the detection of masked HFpEF using exercise-stress (AUC LAV rest 0.54 vs stress 0.67, p = 0.019, LAA rest 0.52 vs stress 0.66, p = 0.012). LAV but not LAA PCWP during exercise-stress was a predictor for 24 months hospitalization independent of a medical history for atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio (HR) 1.26, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.55, p = 0.032).
CONCLUSION: Non-invasive PCWP correlates well with the invasive reference at rest and during exercise stress. There is overall good diagnostic accuracy for HFpEF assessment using CMR-derived estimated PCWP despite deviations in absolute agreement. Non-invasive exercise derived PCWP may particularly facilitate detection of masked HFpEF in the future.
Patients were assigned to arms in a 1:1:1 ratio. Patients in this arm received placebo administered intravenously to patients on Day 1 and Day 29.
This review article provides a comprehensive overview of a novel Sindbis virus vaccine platform as potential immunotherapy for ovarian cancer patients. Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of all gynecological malignancies. The majority of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients are diagnosed with advanced disease. Current treatment options are very aggressive and limited, resulting in tumor recurrences and 50-60% patient mortality within 5 years. The unique properties of armed oncolytic Sindbis virus vectors (SV) in vivo have garnered significant interest in recent years to potently target and treat ovarian cancer. We discuss the molecular biology of Sindbis virus, its mechanisms of action against ovarian cancer cells, preclinical in vivo studies, and future perspectives. The potential of Sindbis virus-based therapies for ovarian cancer treatment holds great promise and warrants further investigation. Investigations using other oncolytic viruses in preclinical studies and clinical trials are also presented.
Endometrium fibrosis is the leading cause of uterine infertility. Macrophages participated in the occurrence and development of endometrial fibrosis. We previously reported that human umbilical cord multipotent stromal cells (hUC-MSCs) exerted their therapeutic effect in a macrophage-dependent manner in endometrial fibrosis. However precise mechanisms by which hUC-MSCs may influence macrophages in endometrial fibrosis remain largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrated that abnormal iron and lipid metabolism occurred in patients with intrauterine adhesions (IUA) and murine models. Ferroptosis has been proven to contribute to the progression of fibrotic diseases. Our results revealed that pharmacological activation of ferroptosis by Erastin aggravated endometrial fibrosis, while inhibition of ferroptosis by Ferrostatin-1 ameliorated endometrial fibrosis in vivo. Moreover, ferroptosis of macrophages was significantly upregulated in endometria of IUA murine models. Of note, transcriptome profiles revealed that CD36 gene expression was significantly increased in patients with IUA and immunofluorescence analysis showed CD36 protein was mainly located in macrophages. Silencing CD36 in macrophages could reverse cell ferroptosis. Dual luciferase reporter assay revealed that CD36 was the direct target of activation transcription factor 3 (ATF3). Furthermore, through establishing coculture system and IUA murine models, we found that hUC-MSCs had a protective role against macrophage ferroptosis and alleviated endometrial fibrosis related to decreased CD36 and ATF3. The effect of hUC-MSCs on macrophage ferroptosis was attributed to the upregulation of amphiregulin (AREG). Our data highlighted that macrophage ferroptosis occurred in endometrial fibrosis via the ATF3-CD36 pathway and hUC-MSCs protected against macrophage ferroptosis to alleviate endometrial fibrosis via secreting AREG. These findings provided a potential target for therapeutic implications of endometrial fibrosis.