anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The patient (or parent/care giver) should be instructed to seek medical advice whenever nausea, vomiting, persistent headache, insomnia or rapid heart beat occurs during treatment with theophylline, even if another cause is suspected. The patient should be instructed to contact their clinician if they develop a new illness, especially if accompanied by a persistent fever, if they experience worsening of a chronic illness, if they start or stop smoking cigarettes or marijuana, or if another clinician adds a new medication or discontinues a previously prescribed medication. Patients should be instructed to inform all clinicians involved in their care that they are taking theophylline, especially when a medication is being added or deleted from their treatment. Patients should be instructed to not alter the dose, timing of the dose, or frequency of administration without first consulting their clinician. If a dose is missed, the patient should be instructed to take the next dose at the usually scheduled time and to not attempt to make up for the missed dose.

Theophylline extended-release tablets should not be chewed or crushed. When dosing on a once daily (q24h) basis, tablets should be taken whole and not split.
Piperacillin and Tazobactam for Injection, USP are supplied as pharmacy bulk bottles in the following size:

  * Each Piperacillin and Tazobactam for Injection, USP 13.5 g pharmacy bulk bottle provides piperacillin sodium equivalent to 12 grams of piperacillin and tazobactam sodium equivalent to 1.5 g tazobactam. Each bottle contains 29.16 mEq (672 mg) of sodium. Supplied as singles-NDC 81284-154-01 or 10 per box-NDC 81284-154-10.
  * Each Piperacillin and Tazobactam for Injection, USP 40.5 g pharmacy bulk bottle provides piperacillin sodium equivalent to 36 grams of piperacillin and tazobactam sodium equivalent to 4.5 grams of tazobactam. Each pharmacy bulk bottle contains 87.48 mEq (2016 mg) of sodium. NDC 81284-155-01.



Piperacillin and Tazobactam for Injection, USP pharmacy bulk bottles should be stored at controlled room temperature (20°C to 25°C [68°F to 77°F]) prior to reconstitution.
This is an epidemiological (study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in defined population), multicenter (study conducted at multiple sites), observational (study in which patients are observed), cross-sectional (observation of all patients at one specific point in time), prospective (in which the patients are first identified and then followed forward as time passes) study. The sources of information in the study are units medical short stay psychiatric hospitalization or the acute care of the whole country, and clinical data of the patient at discharge. No intervention will be provided in this study. The general data (age range, gender, highest level of educational attainment, level of family support, substance abuse, events stressors, type of schizophrenia according to DSM-IV criteria \[Diagnostic and Statistical Manual fourth\], etc) of approximately 2000 schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder / schizophreniform patients will be collected in this study. No special tests will be done during the study. The study will collect patients' data in electronic data collection workbook and model validation will be used at 6 and 12 months to confirm no relapse / hospitalization. The study observation period corresponds to the 3 years preceding the current relapse and current income (current hospitalization period) and 12 months after admission.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a propolis extract excellent in stability and aroma which can easily develop its effect by controlling pH to a specified value to improve the solubility of the effective component of propolis in water. SOLUTION: Propolis is brought into contact with an aq. soln. of a hydrophilic org. solvent without controlling pH to dissolve and extract the effective component of the propolis. Then the soln. is controlled to pH5.5 to 7.0. with a pH controlling agent to obtain the extract. Or, propolis is brought into contact with an aq. soln. of a hydrophilic org. solvent the pH of which is controlled to >=5.5, preferably between >=5.5 and about <8.0 with a pH controlling agent, so as to dissolve and extract the effective component. If necessary, the soln. is controlled to pH5.5 to 7.0 with a pH controlling agent to obtain the extract. By this method, the effect of propolis can easily be obtd. and the obtd. propolis extract shows excellent stability and good aroma.  Thereby, it is unnecessary to limit the use of a propolis extract only in a stimulative hydrophilic org. solvent soln. having high concn. which is conventionally used, but the obtd. propolis can be used in a low irritation soln. having low concn.
The extent to which impairment (physical capacity) and function influence community reintegration is unclear. One of the challenges is that physical parameters change over time as does the person's awareness and perception of what activities are important to be able to engage in at the community level. Interventions have led to gains in physical capacity, function and community reintegration, but the benefits have been shown to dissipate within three to six months. It has been suggested that maintenance therapy (tune-ups) for stroke survivors post-discharge could prevent or curtail decline in function of aging stroke survivors and enhance quality of life and well being; constructs that relate strongly to community reintegration. This study will determine whether tune-ups can alter the time course and magnitude of changes in physical capacity and function and their influence on community reintegration. Stroke survivors discharged from rehabilitation will be followed for a 15 month period with laboratory or home assessments conducted at 3 month intervals. Assessors will be blind to whether the subject is receiving a tune up. Evaluations conducted after the tune-up at 9 months and 12 months post-discharge will allow us to determine if the tune-up effectively reduced physical impairment, improved function and resulted in better community reintegration compared to control.
AIMS: To identify the risk factors associated with frailty among older adults in China and develop a predictive model for assessing their frailty risk.
DESIGN: Secondary cross-sectional analysis.
METHODS: The 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) provided data for this study. A total of 9006 participants were included in the analysis. Their general demographic, socioeconomic status and health behaviour risk factors were collected in the CLHLS. Frailty was assessed using the Frailty Index. A visual nomogram model was constructed based on independent predictors identified using multivariate analysis. The nomogram's discrimination and calibration capabilities were evaluated using the C-statistics and calibration curves. A 1000-times resampling enhanced bootstrap method was performed for internal validation of the nomogram.
RESULTS: The results showed that living in rural settings, having a primary education level, having a spouse, having basic living security, smoking, drinking, exercising and social activities were protective factors against frailty. Increasing age, being underweight or obese, adverse self-assessed economic status and poor sleep quality were risk factors of frailty. The AUC values of the internal validation set were 0.830. The calibration curve was close to ideal. The Brier score was 0.122. The above results showed that the nomogram model had a good predictive performance.
CONCLUSIONS: A simple and fast frailty risk prediction model was developed in this study to help healthcare professionals screen older adults at high risk of frailty in China.
IMPACT: The frailty risk prediction model will assist healthcare professionals in risk management and decision-making and provide targeted frailty prevention interventions. Screening high-risk older adults and early intervention can reduce the risk of adverse outcomes and save medical expenses for older adults and society, thereby realising cost-effective planning of health resources and healthy ageing.
PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution. This study was a cross-sectional, secondary analysis of the CLHLS data.
A biflavone compound against an I-type herpes simplex virus, and a preparation method therefor and the use thereof. The bioflavone compound is a compound of formula I, or a crystal form thereof, or a salt thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, or a solvate thereof, or a hydrate thereof, or a prodrug thereof. The biflavone compound has a good inhibitory effect on the I-type herpes simplex virus, has a significant effect on the replication and direct inactivation of the virus, and is dose dependent. The compound is also effective in preventing and/or treating viral keratitis caused by the I-type herpes simplex virus. The compound has good water solubility and low toxicity. It can be prepared into an external preparation for resisting the I-type herpes simplex virus, such as eye drops and eye ointment, and external ointments, creams, gel agents, film agents, film-coating agents, etc.
Eligible subjects will be dispensed open label LDX (VyvanseTM). All subjects will start at 20 mg once a day dose and will be titrated up weekly by 10 mg increments up to a maximum dose of 70 mg. If a subject experiences intolerable side effects at a particular dose, a step down to the next tolerated level is allowed.
OBJECTIVES: Internet-based testing for sexually transmitted infections allows individuals to order a self-sampling kit online, send samples to a central laboratory and receive their results electronically, reducing the need to attend a clinic unless for treatment. Its usage has grown rapidly in many high-income countries, such as England, where it now accounts for 44% of tests within the National Chlamydia Screening Programme. However, there is limited data on the experiences of service users, which may offer insights into low uptake and poor return rates among some high-incidence populations.
METHODS: Participants were recruited via sexual health clinics and the website of an internet-based testing service. Purposive sampling was used to ensure a diversity of genders, sexualities and ethnic backgrounds were included. Semistructured interviews were conducted by phone, email and messenger services and explored participants' perceptions and experiences of both internet-based and clinic-based testing. Data underwent thematic analysis.
RESULTS: We interviewed 17 participants. Internet-based testing appealed to many due to the privacy and convenience it offered over clinic-based testing. Although most were positive about their experience of internet-based testing, many found the process of finger-prick blood sampling extremely challenging and this contributed to concerns from some participants that test results may be inaccurate. A minority of participants missed the opportunity that clinic-based testing offered to discuss symptoms or concerns with staff. Participants overwhelmingly found the process of receiving test results by short message service (SMS) acceptable and preferable to alternatives.
CONCLUSIONS: Internet-based testing is viewed positively by most users but uptake may be improved if providers emphasise the privacy and convenience it offers, as well as the accuracy of self-sampling. Providers should also consider measures to address user concerns around blood sampling and access to specialist advice.
NEW MATERIAL:A salt of biguanide derivative 5-membered ring heterocyclic carboxylate of formula I (one or R<1> and R<2> is H, lower alkyl aralkyl, the other is lower alkyl, aralkyl). EXAMPLE:1,1-Dimethylbiguanide 3-methylpyrazole-5-carboxylate. USE:It is used as a remedy for diabetes, since it has action to reduction of blood sugar and free fatty acids. It is advantageous that the efficacy is not decreased, even after it has been continuously administered and is low in toxicity. PREPARATION:Preferably, equimolar amounts of a compound of formula IIsuch as dimethylbiguanide and another compound of formula III (e.g., 3-methylpyrazole-5-carboxylic acid) are used to effect their reaction in a solvent such as methanol or acetone at room temperature to 100 deg.C to give a compound of formula I. The compound of formula I is isolated by the isolation process such as distillation or chromatography.
Myopia is the most common cause of distance vision impairment. The prevalence of myopia has increased dramatically in the past few decades, especially in China. Corneal refractive surgery is an effective method to correct adult myopia. Radial keratotomy (RK) is one of the corneal refractive surgeries developed in the 1980s. Thirty years ago, many myopic patients underwent RK. As patients age, more and more patients have cataracts requiring cataract extraction and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. The selection of appropriate and accurate IOL is an important factor to improve patient satisfaction. Recent studies have compared the accuracy of the newly developed IOL formula in patients with previous RK cataract. However, as a country with myopia and myopia surgery, there is no similar study in China. In addition, most patients with cataract after RK had lost ocular data before RK surgery. For RK patients without previous ocular data, how to accurately calculate the IOL power is still a clinical challenge.
This is a multi-institution single-arm phase I trial with an expansion cohort at the MTD of Phenformin, in patients with metastatic BRAFV600E/K mutated melanoma. In the dose escalation phase, cohorts of patients will be treated with standard dose Dabrafenib (150 mg PO BID) plus Trametinib (2 mg PO QD) and increasing doses of Phenformin. In the dose-escalation phase of the trial, both patients who have already been treated with a BRAF and/or MEK inhibitor, and treatment-naïve patients will be eligible. The maximally tolerated Phenformin dose was determined to be 100 mg BID. The dose-expansion cohort will enroll up to 10 patients who are treatment- naïve for BRAF inhibitor. In this cohort, patients may be treated with any of the 3 FDA-approved BRAFi/MEKi combinations: dabrafenib/trametinib, vemurafenib/cobimetinib, or encorafenib/binimetinib.
This study is an extension of the Gangnam-READI program (NCT02516748) in Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center. This study is composed of two periods. First, an education program on predicting polyp histology and real-time optical diagnosis will be performed by 8 endoscopists From February to March 2020. In the second period from April 2020 till October 2020(total 6 months), real-time optical diagnosis with time drill for diminutive and small colorectal polyps will be activated. Endoscopists will have 3 seconds rule to make high confidence diagnosis and have feedbacks on their accuracy of optical diagnosis for polyps per 3 months. The performance will be evaluated by comparing the optically predicted diagnosis with the actual histologic diagnosis. Negative predictive value for the prediction of non-neoplastic polyp and concordance of surveillance intervals for diminutive polyps diagnosed optically with high confidence will be measured. In addition, the characteristics of the endoscopist affecting the performance of optical diagnosis were investigated.
Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death and disease in the U.S. Each year approximately 30% of smokers try to quit, with the vast majority of attempts (\~90%) ending in relapse. This is complicated by treatment barriers related to cost and accessibility. Identifying cost effective ways to aide in cessation success, which can be widely disseminated, remains vitally important. According to the dual-process model of substance use, addiction develops via an imbalance between effortful control and automatic psychological processes. The affective processing model suggests that during withdrawal, automatic psychological processes increase implicit drug seeking motivation. Implicit motivation is hypothesized as the underlying mechanism through which automatic psychological processes exert control over behavior. Research suggests that behavioral impulse control may attenuate the association between implicit motivation and substance use. Response inhibition, one form of behavioral impulse control, is the ability to inhibit behavioral responses to salient approach cues. Smokers tend to have less behavioral impulse control. In addition, poor behavioral impulse control makes individuals more vulnerable to various risk factors associated with relapse (e.g., positive expectancies, higher craving during abstinence, etc.). Improving smoking relevant behavioral impulse control may affect multiple indices of relapse. Research in cognitive retraining has shown that response inhibition can be modified through training. Recently this has been extended to training using mobile devices. The development of mobile interventions which specifically target underlying mechanisms of addiction may provide a novel adjunct to current cessation programs. The current proposal builds on previous research by implementing a response inhibition training paradigm in the context of a cessation trial. It is hypothesized that this task will reduce the likelihood of relapse following a quit attempt. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that training effects will operate via decreases in implicit motivation and global craving. If successful, the current study will provide evidence for a relapse prevention tool that can (1) increase overall cessation success and (2) be widely and easily dispersed.
Although many schizophrenia patients currently take oral antipsychotic medications, it is estimated that up to 75% of them have difficulty adhering to the daily oral regimen. Long-acting injectable formulations may eliminate the need for daily medication and enhance patient compliance with the treatment regimen. In addition, transitioning to a different antipsychotic drug is at times a necessary step in the clinical management of patients with schizophrenia due to different reasons, including insufficient response and poor tolerability. This is an open-label, non-randomized study of a formulation of risperidone (RISPERDAL® CONSTA™) (coated microspheres) injected into the muscle at week intervals over 6 months in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. During the first 3 weeks, oral olanzapine treatment is continued to provide therapy until the risperidone long-acting injectable reaches effective drug levels. The oral olanzapine treatment is tapered off within 1 week for one group of patients and within 3 weeks for another group. Assessments of effectiveness include the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), overall severity of illness measured by the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale, and quality of life evaluated by the SF-36 questionnaire. Safety evaluations include incidence of adverse events through out the study and Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (ESRS), clinical laboratory tests (biochemistry, hematology, and urinalysis), and physical exams, including body weight, at specified intervals. The study hypothesis is that changing to treatment every 2 weeks with long-acting risperidone will provide a maintained effectiveness patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and will be generally well-tolerated Risperidone, long-acting formulation for intramuscular injection (25 milligrams\[mg\]) every 2 weeks for 6 months. Investigator may adjust dosage to 37.5mg or 50mg (maximum) or supplement risperidone injections with risperidone tablets (2mg maximum), according to symptoms and treatment response.
PURPOSE:To stably preserve capsules even in summer without generating the mutual adhesion of the capsules due to humidity and heating by performing coating using a film formed from a composition prepared by compounding starch with an alkali solution wherein undissolved cellulose is swollen and dispersed in an amount of 50 pts.wt. or less per 100 pts.wt. of dissolved cellulose. CONSTITUTION:A film containing a cellulose/starch mixed molded body is obtained from a dope prepared by dissolving, dispersing and mixing starch in an alkali solution wherein undissolved cellulose is swollen and dispersed in an amount of 50 pts.wt. or less per 100 pts. wt. of dissolved cellulose directly or in a state dissolved, dispersed and mixed in an alkali aqueous solution (pref., sodium hydroxide) and used in coating to obtain a soft capsule agent. In the dope, starch is dissolved in an amount of 40wt.% or more and cellulose and starch are uniformly dispersed and the dissolving wt. ratio of cellulose and starch is set to 1:99-99:1. The compounding amount of the above-mentioned mixed molded body is 0.1-10 pts.wt. per 00 pts.wt. of gelatin for the film.
INTRODUCTION: Cystic fibrosis (CF)-associated liver disease can significantly affect the quality of life and survival of people with CF. The hepatobiliary manifestations in CF are various, with focal/multilobular biliary cirrhosis more common in children and porto-sinusoidal vascular disease (PSVD) in young adults. Portal hypertensive complications, particularly bleeding from esophagogastric varices and hypersplenism are common, while liver failure is rarer and mainly linked to biliary disease.
AREAS COVERED: This review explores current therapeutic options for CF-associated liver disease, presenting ongoing studies and new insights into parthenogenesis for potential future therapies.
EXPERT OPINION: Monitoring for signs of portal hypertension is essential. Limited evidence supports ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) efficacy in halting CF liver disease progression. The effect of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators on liver outcomes lacks definitive data, since patients with CF-related liver disease were excluded from trials due to potential hepatotoxicity. A proposed approach involves using UDCA and modulators in early stages, along with anti-inflammatory agents, with further therapeutic strategies awaiting randomized trials. Prevention of portal hypertensive bleeding includes endoscopic sclerotherapy or ligation of esophageal varices. Nonselective beta-blockers may also prevent bleeding and could be cautiously implemented. Other non-etiological treatments require investigation.