anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Ghrelin and its mimetics have been shown to reduce cisplatin-induced emesis in preclinical studies using ferrets and shrews. This study investigated the effectiveness of ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin (DAG) in antagonizing cisplatin-induced emesis and physiological changes indicative of nausea in Suncus murinus. Animals implanted with radiotelemetry devices were administered ghrelin (0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 μg/day), DAG (0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 μg/day), or saline (14 μL/day) intracerebroventricularly 4 days before and 3 days after treatment with cisplatin (30 mg/kg). At the end, the anti-apoptotic potentials of ghrelin and DAG were assessed by measuring Bax expression and cytochrome C activity. Neurotransmitter changes in the brain were evaluated using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Ghrelin and DAG reduced cisplatin-induced emesis in the delayed (24-72 h) but not the acute phase (0-24 h) of emesis. Ghrelin also partially reversed the inhibitory effects of cisplatin on food intake without affecting gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity or causing hypothermia; however, ghrelin or DAG did not prevent these effects. Ghrelin and DAG could attenuate the cisplatin-induced upregulation of Bax and cytochrome C in the ileum. Cisplatin dysregulated neurotransmitter levels in the frontal cortex, amygdala, thalamus, hypothalamus, and brainstem, and this was partially restored by low doses of ghrelin and DAG. Our findings suggest that ghrelin and DAG exhibit protective effects against cisplatin-induced delayed emesis. The underlying antiemetic mechanism may involve GHSR and/or unspecified pathways that modulate the neurotransmitters involved in emesis control in the brain and an action to attenuate apoptosis in the gastrointestinal tract.
Systems and methods for imaging and detecting the biofield of a living subject are provided. A biofield detection system can include a number of features, including a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging system, a fluid container configured to hold a fluid and the living subject, and a fluid management system configured to enhance a coherence of the fluid volume. The biofield detection system can implement a biofield detection scheme that compares a baseline NMR image of the fluid in the absence of the subject to a NMR image of the fluid surrounding the subject. The two images can be compared and analyzed to detect variances relating to field effects of the subject. Systems and methods are also provided in which environmental factors can be introduced to the fluid volume or the living subject. Subsequent detection scans can detect changes in the biofield based on the introduction of environmental factors.
The participants in the active photobiomodulation group will be irradiated with infrared LED at a wavelength of 850 nm perpendicular to the surface of the skin in gentle stationary contact at three extraoral points. Treatment will be administered one hour prior to the surgical procedure as well as 48 hours and seven days (removal of sutures) after the first irradiation.
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is a cystic pancreatic neoplasm that is a precursor to invasive pancreatic cancer. Differentiating whether an IPMN lesion is benign or malignant is critical, as the prognosis and management differs drastically, varying from surgical resection to observation. However, despite attempts to characterize features concerning for malignancy, it is difficult to determine the likelihood of malignancy with conventional imaging techniques, including CT, MRI, and EUS. An accurate, non-invasive test to identify malignant IPMN is needed.

The investigators' hypothesis is that \[18F\]-FDG PET may be a superior modality for differentiating between benign and malignant IPMN lesions. We are planning a prospective pilot study of ten consecutive patients with IPMN from the Columbia University Pancreas Center who are undergoing surgical resection for their disease. These patients will undergo \[18F\]-FDG PET imaging, as well as CT, MRI, and EUS as clinically indicated. All scans will be reviewed by two experienced nuclear medicine radiologists who will be blinded to the clinical characteristics of study patients and who will reach a consensus. Areas of focally increased \[18F\]-FDG intake will be identified. Side-by-side reading with CT scan will be performed to evaluate whether the increased \[18F\]-FDG uptake corresponds to a pancreatic lesion. Mean and maximal standardized uptake value (SUV) values, as well as differences in intensity between the region of interest and the remaining pancreas, will be calculated.Surgical pathology will be utilized as the gold standard for histological determination. Standard post-operative histological interpretation of each IPMN lesion will be recorded, including size, duct involvement (main, side, or mixed), ductal dilatation, lesion location (head, neck, body, tail), and histologic grade (adenoma, borderline, carcinoma in situ, invasive carcinoma). In addition, any associated pancreatitis or any other non-IPMN neoplastic change will also be noted.

Using PET scan results and surgical pathology information, we will evaluate the positive and negative predictive values of \[18F\]-FDG PET for malignancy within IPMN lesions.
The dose of rocuronium (medication used for NMB during anesthesia)will be adjusted to maintain a depth of NMB of T1 of 10-20% as assessed by a nerve stimulator. At the end of surgery patients will receive neostigmine 2.5 mg and atropine 1 mg to reverse the effect of rocuronium. Extubation will be performed when train-of-four ratio ≥ 0.9.
The present invention relates to a therapeutic system and method for teaching social and emotional management skills to patients. Instructive messages that teach self-soothing skills to mitigate social and emotional conditions are encoded into a plushy. At the onset of one of the social and emotional conditions, in a patient, the patient interacts with the plushy, listens to the appropriate instructive message, and physically implements the self-soothing skill to mitigate the social and emotional condition. A caregiver can encode a situational message in the plushy that is appropriate for the situational environment the patient is within. Therapist messages can be encoded in the plushy to determine the patient's treatment plan progress. The treatment plan continues until, at the onset of a social or emotional condition, in the absence of the plushy, the patient physically implements the self-soothing skill to mitigate the social or emotional condition. The plushy can be web-enabled.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention refers to confectionery composition ensuring drug delivery as applied in oral cavity, thus preventing dental deposit. The composition contains a homogeneous mixture of solid base, sweetening agent and antibacterial ester of formula (I); where R represents alkyl chain containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R1 represents alkyl chain containing 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and X represents anion. Also it contains scale-preventing additives. ^ EFFECT: invention allows for lower dental deposit. ^ 8 cl, 4 ex, 4 tbl
PURPOSE: To obtain an extract useful in the field of cosmetic and/or dermatological preparations, by grinding periwinkle seeds, subjecting the ground product to enzymatic predigesting using e.g. amylase, fermenting the product in the presence of microorganisms followed by conducting a filtration. CONSTITUTION: This extract, which is isolated from periwinkle seeds, contains protein(s), amino acid(s) (esp. pref. aspartic acid, threonine, serine), organic acid(s) (esp. pref. lactic acid) and saccharide(s) (esp. pref. lactose), and is obtained by bioconversion. Specifically, this extract is obtained by the following process: periwinkle sees (esp. pref. those of tropics origin) are ground, the ground product is subjected to enzymatic predigestion using amylase or cellulase, and then fermented in the presence of microorganisms (esp. bacteria involving lactic fermentation) followed by conducting a filtration. The fermentation is pref. performed for a week. This extract exhibits cell respiratory, cell growth promoting, and free radical formation-preventive activities, as well as skin aging inhibitory activity, and the protective and nutrition action on the skin, hair and mucosa.
A novel cancer scoring tool not only generates a score, but it also generates and confidence number. The tool receives a digital image of tissue of a patient. The tool identifies cell objects in the image and from that determines a first score. The magnitude of this first score is indicative of the severity of cancer in the tissue of the patient. The tool uses an overall false negative rate value and an overall false positive rate value to generate a set of second scores. The rate values are determined from training information. From the second scores, the tool determines the confidence number. The confidence number indicates the confidence the tool has in the first score being correct. The first score and an indication of the confidence number and the digital image are all displayed together on the display of the tool.
We propose to conduct a randomized controlled efficacy trial (RT-1 set vs. RT-3 sets vs. non exercise control) to evaluate the potential for a longer intervention (9 months RT with body composition assessments 1 yr post RT completion) with a higher volume of RT (3 sets) to enhance the effects on body composition and energy expenditure observed in the pilot, and to determine the impact of the 2 levels of RT on free-living energy balance (expenditure by doubly labeled water and intake by digital photography and 24-hr recalls). This investigation will be conducted in a sample of healthy, normal and overweight, sedentary, young adult men and women; a group at high risk for development of overweight and obesity. The specific aims of this project are to determine the impact of the volume (1 vs. 3 sets) of a progressive RT protocol for inducing muscular hypertrophy, as recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine, on body weight and body composition (fat mass, fat-free mass (FFM), % body fat) and energy balance. Our results will provide information relative to the minimum volume of RT that may be associated with body weight/fat gain which may inform the development of guidelines for RT to prevent weight gain or to alter body composition. If RT has a favorable impact on energy balance and body composition, it may provide an attractive alternative to aerobic exercise for weight management for busy young adults, as RT requires minimal time, and no need to change clothes or shower (i.e. minimal or no sweating).
1. Beta-Blockers Beta-adrenergic-receptor blocking agents not only block the pulmonary effect of beta-agonists, such as albuterol sulfate inhalation aerosol, but may produce severe bronchospasm in asthmatic patients. Therefore, patients with asthma should not normally be treated with beta-blockers. However, under certain circumstances, e.g., as prophylaxis after myocardial infarction, there may be no acceptable alternatives to the use of beta-adrenergic blocking agents in patients with asthma. In this setting, cardioselective beta-blockers should be considered, although they should be administered with caution. 
  2. Diuretics  The ECG changes and/or hypokalemia which may result from the administration of nonpotassium-sparing diuretics (such as loop or thiazide diuretics) can be acutely worsened by beta-agonists, especially when the recommended dose of the beta-agonist is exceeded. Although the clinical significance of these effects is not known, caution is advised in the coadministration of beta-agonists with nonpotassium-sparing diuretics. 
  3. Albuterol-Digoxin  Mean decreases of 16% and 22% in serum digoxin levels were demonstrated after single-dose intravenous and oral administration of albuterol, respectively, to normal volunteers who had received digoxin for 10 days. The clinical significance of these findings for patients with obstructive airway disease who are receiving albuterol and digoxin on a chronic basis is unclear; nevertheless, it would be prudent to carefully evaluate the serum digoxin levels in patients who are currently receiving digoxin and albuterol. 
  4. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors or Tricyclic Antidepressants  Albuterol sulfate inhalation aerosol should be administered with extreme caution to patients being treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors or tricyclic antidepressants, or within 2 weeks of discontinuation of such agents, because the action of albuterol on the cardiovascular system may be potentiated
The hypothalamic molecular processes participate in the regulation of the neuro-immune-endocrine system, including hormone, metabolite, chemokine circulation, and corresponding physiological and behavioral responses. RNA-sequencing profiles were analyzed to understand the effect of juvenile immune and metabolic distress 100 days after virally elicited maternal immune activation during gestation in pigs. Over 1,300 genes exhibited significant additive or interacting effects of gestational immune activation, juvenile distress, and sex. One-third of these genes presented multiple effects, emphasizing the complex interplay of these factors. Key functional categories enriched among affected genes included sensory perception of pain, steroidogenesis, prolactin, neuropeptide, and inflammatory signaling. These categories underscore the intricate relationship between gestational immune activation during gestation, distress, and the response of hypothalamic pathways to insults. These effects were sex-dependent for many genes, such as Prdm12, Oprd1, Isg20, Prl, Oxt, and Vip. The prevalence of differentially expressed genes annotated to proinflammatory and cell cycle processes suggests potential implications for synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival. The gene profiles affected by immune activation, distress, and sex pointed to the action of transcription factors SHOX2, STAT1, and REST. These findings underscore the importance of considering sex and postnatal challenges when studying causes of neurodevelopmental disorders and highlight the complexity of the "two-hit" hypothesis in understanding their etiology. Our study furthers the understanding of the intricate molecular responses in the hypothalamus to gestational immune activation and subsequent distress, shedding light on the sex-specific effects and the potential long-lasting consequences on pain perception, neuroendocrine regulation, and inflammatory processes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The interaction of infection during gestation and insults later in life influences the molecular mechanisms in the hypothalamus that participate in pain sensation. The response of the hypothalamic transcriptome varies between sexes and can also affect synapses and immune signals. The findings from this study assist in the identification of agonists or antagonists that can guide pretranslational studies to ameliorate the effects of gestational insults interacting with postnatal challenges on physiological or behavioral disorders.
Oral intake of Vitamin E treatment will be given on a daily basis in a single-blind manner one day before the first day of RT and continued for 8 weeks. Patients in the group receiving 500 IU of d-alpha-tocopherol capsules orally (3 times daily).
Subjects in the experimental arm will recieve a FitBit Charge 2 watch, and will be mobilized to the bedside chair on postoperative day zero. On postoperative day two subjects will be mobilized to the bedside chair twice, ambulate one-half of the ICU circumference, and receive gait and safe ambulation training. On postoperative days two through five, subjects will mobilize to the bedside chair three times, and will be encouraged to ambulate three times, each time with a target of one full ICU circumference.
PURPOSE:To provide the subject abstergent good in absterging ability and feeling after use, with no need of washing away with e.g. water after use, low in skin irritativity, thus high in safety, comprising, as active ingredients, a cyclic siloxane and polymethylphenylsiloxane. CONSTITUTION:The objective abstergent comprising, as active ingredients, (A) 50-98wt.% of at least one kind of cyclic dimethylsiloxane of the formula (p is 3-7) and (B) 50-2wt.% of polymethylphenylsiloxane. The purpose of this abstergent is to remove skin dirts or cosmetics applied, enabling skin cleaning in case the body cannot be washed in bathing, etc., and makeup cosmetics like rouge, check rouge, eye shadow, eyeliner, or mascara to be readily, safely removed. This abstergent is pref. free from water and any surfactant.
The long-term survival for malignant pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PHEO/PGL) may be limited because of its hormonal effects as well as its aggressive behavior and dissemination, particularly in some hereditary PHEO/PGL. Although several therapeutic modalities have been used to palliate malignant PHEO/PGL, a continued search for new agents to address the malignancy is needed to improve outcomes. One approach is to utilize drugs that target signaling pathways leading to decreased proliferation and survival of cancer cells. Some data in the literature suggests that in malignant PHEO/PGL, VEGF seems to play a role in the biology of the cancer and thus, its inhibition could reduce tumor growth. Sunitinib and imatinib has been used in a limited number of malignant pheochromocytomas with varying responses. Axitinib was designed to inhibit VEGFR that participates in tumor angiogenesis. In order to determine the activity of axitinib in tumor and hormonal responses in malignant PHEO/PGL, it will be used as a single agent in this study. The combination of cyclophosphamide; vincristine and dacarbazine have been shown to produce partial responses in malignant PHEO/PGL. The majority of the patients may have already received this combination or will receive this combination chemotherapy in the future. The goal is to develop multiple lines of effective treatments for this disease.
Participants will undergo an intensive lifestyle intervention, implemented virtually by a medical team with expertise in the management of T2DM. This team will be made up of an endocrinologist, a nutritionist and a nurse.
In patients with cancer receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy‚ 15 pediatric patients median age 2.6 (range 1.2 to 9.4) years with neuroblastoma were treated with myelosuppressive chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide‚ cisplatin‚ doxorubicin‚ and etoposide) followed by subcutaneous NEUPOGEN at doses of 5, 10, or 15 mcg/kg/day for 10 days (n = 5/dose) (Study 8). The pharmacokinetics of NEUPOGEN in pediatric patients after chemotherapy are similar to those in adults receiving the same weight-normalized doses, suggesting no age-related differences in the pharmacokinetics of NEUPOGEN. In this population‚ NEUPOGEN was well tolerated. There was one report of palpable splenomegaly and one report of hepatosplenomegaly associated with NEUPOGEN therapy; however, the only consistently reported adverse event was musculoskeletal pain‚ which is no different from the experience in the adult population.

The safety and effectiveness of NEUPOGEN have been established in pediatric patients with SCN [see Clinical Studies (14.5)]. In a phase 3 study (Study 7) to assess the safety and efficacy of NEUPOGEN in the treatment of SCN, 123 patients with a median age of 12 years (range 7 months to 76 years) were studied. Of the 123 patients, 12 were infants (7 months to 2 years of age), 49 were children (2 to 12 years of age), and 9 were adolescents (12 to 16 years of age). Additional information is available from a SCN postmarketing surveillance study, which includes long-term follow-up of patients in the clinical studies and information from additional patients who entered directly into the postmarketing surveillance study. Of the 731 patients in the surveillance study, 429 were pediatric patients < 18 years of age (range 0.9 to 17) [see Indications and Usage (1.5), Dosage and Administration (2.6), and Clinical Studies (14.5)].

Long-term follow-up data from the postmarketing surveillance study suggest that height and weight are not adversely affected in patients who received up to 5 years of NEUPOGEN treatment. Limited data from patients who were followed in the phase 3 study for 1.5 years did not suggest alterations in sexual maturation or endocrine function.

Pediatric patients with congenital types of neutropenia (Kostmann's syndrome, congenital agranulocytosis, or Schwachman-Diamond syndrome) have developed cytogenetic abnormalities and have undergone transformation to MDS and AML while receiving chronic NEUPOGEN treatment. The relationship of these events to NEUPOGEN administration is unknown [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8) and Adverse Reactions (6)].

The use of NEUPOGEN to increase survival in pediatric patients acutely exposed to myelosuppressive doses of radiation is based on studies conducted in animals and clinical data supporting the use of NEUPOGEN in other approved indications [see Dosage and Administration (2.1 to 2.4) and Clinical Studies (14.6)].
Fluocinolone acetonide body oil is for topical use only. Not for oral, ophthalmic, or intravaginal use.

Apply the least amount of fluocinolone acetonide body oil needed to cover the affected areas. Discontinue use when control of disease is achieved within 2 weeks or contact the healthcare provider if no improvement is seen within 2 weeks. 

Do not use on the face, axillae, or groin unless directed by the healthcare provider. Do not apply to intertriginous areas due to the increased risk of local adverse reactions [see Adverse Reactions (6) and Use in Specific Populations (8.4)]. 

Do not apply to the diaper area; diapers or plastic pants may constitute occlusive use [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
PURPOSE: Screening for frailty in people admitted with emergency surgical pathology can initiate timely referrals to enhanced perioperative services such as intensive care and geriatric medicine. However, there has been little research exploring surgical healthcare professionals' opinions to frailty assessment, or accuracy in identification. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, behaviour, and attitudes of healthcare professionals to frailty assessment in emergency surgical admissions.
METHODS: We designed a cross-sectional multicentre study developed by a multiprofessional team of surgeons, geriatricians, and supported by patients. A semi-structured survey examined attitudes and behaviours. Knowledge was assessed by comparing respondents' accuracy in scoring twenty-two surgical case vignettes using the Clinical Frailty Scale.
RESULTS: Eleven hospitals across England, Wales, and Scotland participated. Two hundred and eleven clinicians responded-20.4% junior doctors, 43.6% middle grade doctors, 24.2% senior doctors, 11.4% nurses and physician associates. Respondents strongly supported perioperative frailty assessment. Most were already assessing for frailty, although frequently not using a standardised tool. There was a strong call for more frailty education. Participants scored 2175 vignettes with 55.4% accurately meeting the gold standard; accuracy improved to 87.3% when categorised into "not frail/mildly frail/severely frail" and 94% when dichotomised to "not frail/frail".
CONCLUSION: Frailty assessment is well supported by healthcare professionals working in surgery. However, standardised tools are not routinely being used, and only half of respondents could accurately identify frailty. Better education around frailty assessment is needed for healthcare professionals working in surgery to improve perioperative pathway for people living with frailty.