anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The present invention provides an examination method comprising predicting and/or judging the effectiveness of a treatment using an agent containing a PD-1 signal inhibitor, using (i) and/or (ii) below as an index. (i) Metabolites associated with microbiome, energy metabolism and redox in serum and/or plasma, (ii) at least one cell marker in peripheral blood selected from the group consisting of CD4 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) + Frequency of T cells, CD8 + Frequency of T cells, CD8 + Expression level of mitochondrial active oxygen in T cell relative to CD4 + Ratio of expression amount of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in T cell, and CD8 + Expression of PGC-1. alpha. and PGC-1. beta. by T cells.
The invention discloses a novel process for producing a tincture without diluted alcohol. The distinct differences between the process and a traditional/existing tincture production process is that in the production process, different selective digestion methods are used for different tincture types; verification and monitoring process technology indexes are strictly forecasted and guided, and almost all active ingredients of input raw materials can be produced into end products without distillation and concentration; in other words, the quality indexes of qualified products are achieved; in this way, the diluted alcohol difficult to dispose is not generated in the method; as the work flow is short, the production period is short, the concentration process is omitted, the device investment is less, and it can be guaranteed that all produced tinctures are qualified. The product is stable and reliable in quality. Almost all active ingredients of the input raw materials can be produced into the qualified products, and the yield of the product is more higher than the traditional/existing tincture production process. Raw materials and occupied capitals consumed by a unit product are greatly reduced, and the production cost is obviously reduced. The market competitive capacity of the product is greatly improved.
We investigated trends in notifiable infectious diseases in both humans and animals during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea and compared those data against expected trends had nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) not been implemented. We found that human respiratory infectious diseases other than COVID-19 decreased by an average of 54.7% after NPIs were introduced. On the basis of that trend, we estimated that annual medical expenses associated with respiratory infections other than COVID-19 also decreased by 3.8% in 2020 and 18.9% in 2021. However, human gastrointestinal infectious diseases and livestock diseases exhibited similar or even higher incidence rates after NPIs were instituted. Our investigation revealed that the preventive effect of NPIs varied among diseases and that NPIs might have had limited effectiveness in reducing the spread of certain types of infectious diseases. These findings suggest the need for future, novel public health interventions to compensate for such limitations.
Childhood obesity is one of the main public health concerns worldwide. Previous results have linked a nutrient called betaine (trimethylglycine) to the risk of childhood obesity. Betaine is a modified amino acid with osmotic properties that participates in the methionine cycle as a methyl group donor. Specifically, previous data demonstrate a link between breast milk betaine content, postnatal growth, and long-term metabolic health, suggesting that betaine supplementation may be an effective strategy for regulating growth trajectories and preventing childhood obesity. This study will assess the effects of increasing betaine intake in formula-fed infants through formula milk supplementation. To do this, a double-blind randomized study has been designed where participants will be randomly assigned to the control group or the supplementation group. The main objectives of the study are to determine the safety of supplementation and to assess whether there are changes in infant growth. Additionally, potential changes in the intestinal microbiome induced by the increase in betaine intake will be analyzed.
Besides being recognized by membrane receptor TLR4, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can also be internalized into the cytosol and activate Caspase-4/11 pyroptotic pathways to further amplify inflammation in sepsis. The objective of this study was to investigate whether Galectin-3 (Gal3) could promote the uptake of LPS by governing RAGE or administering endocytosis, consequently activating Caspase 4/11 and mediating pyroptosis in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI). By pinpointing Gal3, LPS, and EEA1 (endosome-marker) or LAMP1 (lysosome-marker) respectively, immunofluorescence discovered that Gal3 and LPS were mainly aggregated in early endosomes initially and translocated into lysosomes afterwards. In cells and animal models, Gal3 and the Caspase-4/11 pathways were simultaneously activated, and the overexpression of Gal3 could exacerbate pyroptosis, whereas inhibition of Gal3 or the knockdown of its expression could ameliorate pyroptosis, reduce the pathological changes of SA-AKI and improve the survival of the animals with SA-AKI. Silencing RAGE reduced pyroptosis in primary tubular epithelial cells (PTCs) activated by Gal3 and LPS but not in cells activated by Gal3 and outer membrane vesicles (with LPS inside), whereas pyroptosis in both was reduced by blockade of Gal3, indicating Gal3 promoted pyroptosis through both RAGE-dependent and RAGE-independent pathways. Our investigation further revealed a positive correlation between serum Gal3 and pyroptotic biomarkers IL-1 beta and IL-18 in patients with sepsis, and that serum Gal3 was an independent risk factor for mortality. Through our collective exploration, we unraveled the significant role of Gal3 in the internalization of LPS and the provocation of more intense pyroptosis, thus making it a vital pathogenic factor in SA-AKI and a possible therapeutic target. Gal3 enabled the internalization of endotoxin into endosomes and lysosomes via both RAGE-dependent (A) and RAGE-independent (B) pathways, leading to pyroptosis. The suppression of Gal3 curbed Caspase4/11 noncanonical inflammasomes and diminished sepsis and SA-AKI.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: repellent contains dimethylphthalate, mixture separated from natural raw material and containing caryophyllene, linalool, linalyl acetate, isoeugenol, anethol and anise ketin, hen's butter, beggarticks aqueous-alcoholic infusion, stearic acid, glycerin, triethanolamine, mixture of higher alcohols with sodium salts of sulfoether of the same alcohols, 4-methyl-2,6 ditertiary butylphenol, and distilled water. All ingredients are taken in preset quantitative ratio. Proposed repellent allows to prolong period of protection in 1.5 times. EFFECT: prolonged period of protective action; prevention of dimethylphthalate penetration in human organism. 1 cl, 1 tbl, 1 ex
INTRODUCTION: Despite the increasing use of immunotherapy in treating various cancer types, there is still limited understanding of its impact on surgical complications. We used a national database to examine the difference in surgical outcomes for rectal cancer patients who received standard neoadjuvant chemoradiation plus neoadjuvant immunotherapy and patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation only.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used the National Cancer Database (NCDB). We selected patients aged 18-90 with T1-3, N1-2, and M0 rectal cancer who underwent curative-intent surgery between 2010 and 2020. We performed a 1:1 propensity match to control for patient age, sex, Charlson-Deyo comorbidity index, surgical approach, and tumor site. Our primary outcome was difference in surgical outcomes (hospital length of stay, unplanned 30-day readmission, 30-day mortality) between the two groups. Secondary outcomes included days from diagnosis to surgery and pathologic outcomes.
RESULTS: Our study included 26 229 patients, of which 126 received immunotherapy in addition to chemoradiation and 26 103 received only chemoradiation. In our matched population of 125 pairs of patients, patients who received immunotherapy and chemoradiation underwent surgery later compared to patients who only received chemoradiation (median 245 vs. 144 days, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in median length of stay (5 vs. 5 days, p = 0.202), unplanned 30-day readmission (7 vs. 9, p = 0.617), and 30-day mortality (0 vs. 1, p = 1.000) between the two groups.
CONCLUSION: Neoadjuvant immunotherapy for rectal cancer is not associated with adverse surgical outcomes. This work can help clinicians optimize treatment protocols and move closer toward strategies tailored to specific patient profiles.
Six recruited patients (4 females, 2 males; ranging from: 20-30 years old and with mean age 24.6 years), who needed indirect laminate veneer restorations were included in this study. Patients were selected from the outpatient clinic of the Department of Fixed Prosthodontics,Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University The participants received a total of 54 laminate veneers between April 2017 and February 2018. Written informed consent was acquired from all participating patients. Randomization was done using a computer generated 2 column list by the aid of Random.org in a 1:1 ratio. Allocation concealment was achieved using numbered cards in opaque sealed envelopes. Aluminium foil was placed inside the envelope to render the envelope impermeable to intense light. These envelopes were placed in a box and each participant was allowed to grasp one envelop the day of operation. Allocation concealment was performed by an investigator with no clinical involvement in the trial. This study is a single blinded study as the assessor was blinded to the assigned study groups. Blinding of the participants was not applicable as one of the techniques required extra visits. Blinding of the operator was not applicable as one clinician performed the tooth preparation in both techniques.A total of 54 laminate veneers were divided into two equal groups (n=27) according to the technique of tooth preparation: group T: traditional technique and group A: aesthetic pre-evaluative temporary technique. VITA ENAMIC material was used for CAD/CAM construction of laminate veneers. Cementation was performed using a light cured resin cement. The laminate veneers were evaluated at baseline, after 3, 6 and 12 months according to the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteriea. The data was collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed.
The parents/guardians in this study arm will use the Children Eating Well (CHEW) mobile app focused on child and family nutrition and wellness for the first 8 weeks of the study. This app is designed to help parents/guardians of preschool-aged children to improve nutrition, physical activity, sleep, feeding children at mealtimes, and related wellness topics.
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Visual illusions provide a unique opportunity to understand cognitive and perceptual alterations in schizophrenia-spectrum conditions. Schizophrenia patients often exhibit increased susceptibility to the Müller-Lyer illusion. Here, we investigate susceptibility to the Müller-Lyer visual illusion in the general population with different levels of schizotypy.
STUDY DESIGN: We assessed a population-based convenience sample (N = 263) on an online platform. In addition to basic demographics, participants completed the Müller-Lyer illusion, the Cardiff Anomalous Perceptions Scale (CAPS) to measure perceptual anomalies, and the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale - Brief (MSS-B) for schizotypic traits. To evaluate what predicts susceptibility to the illusion, we fitted a large set of multilevel logistic regression models and performed model averaging over the coefficients.
STUDY RESULTS: We found support for increased illusion susceptibility among individuals with high positive schizotypy. However, we did not find a comparable effect for anomalous perceptions alone, or for negative or disorganized schizotypy.
CONCLUSIONS: The increased Müller-Lyer effect in positive schizotypy might be specific to delusion-like beliefs and magical ideation. Further research is needed to clarify how a hierarchical Bayesian formulation of brain function (e.g. imbalances between bottom-up perceptual processing and substantial reliance on prior expectations) can account for the Müller-Lyer effect in schizophrenia-spectrum conditions.
Delivery of PEEP at 5-6 cmH2O via a T-piece resuscitator using an initial fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 0.30 via local standard interface (facemask, nasopharyngeal tube or nasal prong). FiO2 and other aspects of respiratory care are then titrated using a standardised resuscitation algorithm.
Studies have confirmed that systemic therapy combined with primary tumor radiotherapy can improve symptoms and prolong survival of advanced NSCLC. Our previous sturdy indicated that patients who received immunotherapy and subsequent radiotherapy suffered higher proportion of pneumonitis. Patients suffered grade 2 or more pneumonitis have worse prognosis. It is urged to optimize the radiotherapy dose and target volume for patients treated with immunotherapy and radiotherapy. According to retrospective and prospective studies, omitting primary tumor CTV radiation therapy showed no reduction in local control and survival for locally advanced NSCLC. It is postulated that omitting CTV radiation for patients responded to therapy with immunotherapy and chemotherapy will have less pneumonitis without sacrificing the local control rate. Omitting CTV may also retain better immune function which will facilitate the immunotherapy.
BACKGROUND: The role of reduced intracranial compliance (ICC) in the outcome after foramen magnum decompression (FMD) was demonstrated in adults with Chiari malformation Type 1 (CMI). However, similar observations from children treated for CMI are missing.
METHODS: We reviewed pediatric cases of CMI referred to FMD between 2006 and 2022. Children with clinical and/or radiological signs suggesting reduced ICC (Group A) underwent overnight measurements of the pulsatile intracranial pressure (ICP): mean ICP wave amplitude (MWA) served as a surrogate marker of ICC. Children with more typical symptoms of CMI (Group B) underwent FMD without preoperative ICC estimation. This study presents the clinical, radiological, and outcome differences between these groups.
RESULTS: Sixty-four children (mean age 11.1 ± 4.3 years) underwent FMD: In Group A (n = 30), the finding of reduced ICC as estimated from preoperative ICP measurement resulted in CSF diversion (ventriculoperitoneal shunt) before FMD in 11 children. Two patients required shunt due to complications after FMD (total shunt rate 43%). In Group B (n = 34) treated with FMD without preoperative ICC estimation, five children (15%) required shunting due to complications. In Group A, we found a significantly higher frequency of headache, nausea, fatigue, and dizziness. The outcome assessed by the modified Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale (mean follow-up 83 ± 57 months) was comparable between the groups, but the complication rate after FMD was significantly lower in Group A (7% vs. 32%; p = 0.011). The number of procedures (ICP measurement, FMD, shunt, re-do FMD, shunt revisions) was significantly higher in Group A (2.6 ± 0.9 vs. 1.5 ± 1.1 per patient; p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: In symptomatic children with CMI, the preoperative estimation of ICC from the overnight measurement of pulsatile ICP was more reliable for identifying those with reduced ICC than clinical and radiological assessment alone. When children with abnormally reduced ICC were identified and treated with CSF diversion before FMD, the complication rate was significantly reduced.
The study included patients who underwent THA surgery in the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) and met the study eligibility criteria. The sample was randomly divided into experimental group, which received conventional physical therapy associated with the application of TENS, and control group, which held only conventional physical therapy, both on the first day after the surgery. The pain level, the range of motion of the operated hip and the administration of morphine. The experimental group received TENS application held by four self-adhesive electrodes size 5x9cm positioned about five centimeters from the edges of the surgical scar. TENS was applied in conventional mode, emitting a pulsed biphasic, symmetrical rectangular wave with frequency of 100 Hz and pulse duration of 100 µs, for 30 minutes. The intensity was set according to the tolerance of the patient and was gradually increased during the application. The device used was the Neurodyn II model, by Ibramed. Subsequently, the conventional physical therapy was performed. The patients realized active exercises of plantar flexion and dorsal flexion of the ankles, flexion and extension of the knees and adduction and abduction of the hips, in both lower limbs. All exercises were performed with the patient in the supine position in the bed, in one serie of 10 repetitions. Control group received only conventional therapy consisting of the exercises in both lower limbs, identical to those performed in the experimental group.
A. Individuals without history of PDAC presenting for evaluation who do not meet any criteria for the other cohorts after collection of full family history and/or germline testing, eg. they have only 1 relative with PDAC; age ≥ 18 years.
The participants in the cooling trial put cold towels on their forehead and neck for 3 min in the shaded dugout during their offensive half innings when they were not scheduled to hit or on base. Each participant received the cooling intervention 3 to 4 times in each game. After each use, the towels were kept in a cooler that contained water mixed with ice and salt to keep the temperature at approximately 0℃.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have displayed impressive clinical efficacy in the context of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, most patients do not achieve long-term survival. Minimally invasive collected samples are attracting significant interest as new fields of biomarker study, and metabolomics is one of these growing fields. We concentrated on the augmented value of the metabolomic profile in differentiating long-term survival from short-term survival in patients with NSCLC subjected to ICIs. We prospectively recruited 97 patients with stage IV NSCLC who were treated with anti-PD-1 inhibitor, including patients treated with monoimmunotherapy as second-line treatment (Cohort 1), and patients treated with combination immunotherapy as first-line treatment (Cohort 2). Each cohort was divided into long-term and short-term survival groups. All blood samples were collected before beginning immunotherapy. Serum metabolomic profiling was performed by UHPLC-Q-TOF MS analysis. Pareto-scaled principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis were performed. In Cohort 1, the mPFS and mOS of long-survival patients are 27.05 and NR months, respectively, and those of short-survival patients are 2.79 and 10.59 months. In Cohort 2, the mPFS and mOS of long-survival patients are 27.35 and NR months, respectively, and those of short-survival patients are 3.77 and 12.17 months. A total of 41 unique metabolites in Cohort 1 and 47 in Cohort 2 were screened. In Cohorts 1 and 2, there are 6 differential metabolites each that are significantly associated with both progression-free survival and overall survival. The AUC values for all groups ranged from 0.73 to 0.95. In cohort 1, the top 3 enriched KEGG pathways, as determined through significant different metabolic pathway analysis, were primary bile acid biosynthesis, African trypanosomiasis, and choline metabolism in cancer. In Cohort 2, the top 3 enriched KEGG pathways were the citrate cycle (TCA cycle), PPAR signaling pathway, and primary bile acid biosynthesis. The primary bile acid synthesis pathway had significant differences in the long-term and short-term survival groups in both Cohorts 1 and 2. Our study suggests that peripheral blood metabolomic analysis is critical for identifying metabolic biomarkers and pathways responsible for the patients with NSCLC treated with ICIs.
The study will be mostly observational but will also include a randomized, cross-over design (the restricted access paradigm). The investigators will recruit children at risk for obesity in Erie County, New York (N=100, 50 boys, 50 girls). The study will include 4 visits at baseline and follow-up visits at 6 and 12 months. At the first visit, the participants will complete consent, height/weight/body fat, questionnaires, and complete a delayed discount task and the relative reinforcing value task. The participants will be randomized to have two weeks of restricted access first or two weeks of non-restricted access first, and then will come into the laboratory to do the loss of control test meal. Then they will have a one-week washout period, and will then complete the other two weeks of restricted/not restricted access. Following this, they will complete the loss of control test meal again. At the follow-up visits, participants will come into the laboratory to have their height/weight/body fat measured, complete questionnaires, and complete the delayed discounting task, food reinforcement and loss of control test meals. Participants will be compensated for their time after each visit. The details of the measures and procedures are outlined below.
Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a main complication after cataract surgery and intraocular lens (IOLs) implantation and is attributed to residual lens epithelial cells (LECs) migrating to the IOL surface and posterior capsules. IOL surface modification has been a newly-developing research filed in recent years; however, the applicability and economical acquisition of modified materials remain unsolved. In this study, we first applied a metal-polyphenolic network coating with a self-assembly technique on the IOL surface by using tannic acid (TA) combined with AlCl3, which are easily acquire and applying on the IOL surface to solve the IOL transmittance affair. Using wound healing and Transwell assay to verify AZD0364 inhibits cell migration (P< 0.05), the lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammation model to verify pterostilbene (PTE) inhibits the inflammatory reaction (P< 0.01). By optimizes its self-assembly coating parameters and calculating its drug release kinetics, we successfully loaded these two drugs on the coating, named TA (AZD0364/PTE) IOL. Its surface morphology characteristics were analyzed by scanning electron microscope, x-ray photoelectron spectrometer and water contact angle. The optical performance was carefully investigated by optical instruments and equipment (n= 3). Thein vitroresults showed that TA (AZD0364/PTE) IOL can significantly inhibit cell adhesion and acute inflammation (n= 3,P< 0.0001). Importantly, afterin vivoimplantation for 28 d with eight rabbits PCO models in two groups, the TA (AZD0364/PTE) IOL group maintained clear refracting media and decreased the inflammatory reaction compared with the original IOL group (P< 0.05). This study provides a new applicable and economical strategy for preventing PCO and offers a reference for the next generation of IOLs that benefit cataract patients.