anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: Therapeutic exercises are a core treatment for low back pain (LBP), but it is uncertain how rehabilitative exercise facilitates change in outcomes. Realist reviews explore how the context (C) of certain settings or populations and underlying mechanisms (M) create intended or unintended outcomes (O). Our objective was to explore and understand the behavioural mechanisms by which therapeutic exercise creates change in outcomes of adherence, engagement and clinical outcomes for patients with LBP.
METHODS: This was a realist review reported following the Realist and Meta-narrative Evidence Syntheses: Evolving Standards guidance. We developed initial programme theories, modified with input from a steering group (experts, n=5), stakeholder group (patients and clinicians, n=10) and a scoping search of the published literature (n=37). Subsequently, an information specialist designed and undertook an iterative search strategy, and we refined and tested CMO configurations.
RESULTS: Of 522 initial papers identified, 75 papers were included to modify and test CMO configurations. We found that the patient-clinician therapeutic consultation builds a foundation of trust and was associated with improved adherence, engagement and clinical outcomes, and that individualised exercise prescription increases motivation to adhere to exercise and thus also impacts clinical outcomes. Provision of support such as timely follow-up and supervision can further facilitate motivation and confidence to improve adherence to therapeutic exercises for LBP.
CONCLUSIONS: Engagement in and adherence to therapeutic exercises for LBP, as well as clinical outcomes, may be optimised using mechanisms of trust, motivation and confidence. These CMO configurations provide a deeper understanding of ways to optimise exercise prescription for patients with LBP.
This was a 24-month, multi-center, randomized, open-label trial with two parallel arms in adult de novo renal allograft recipients. The study consisted of a run-in period from transplantation to Randomization and a treatment period from Randomization until Month 24. At baseline visit, patients were transplanted and entered the run-in period from transplantation (Baseline) to Randomization (week 10-14 post-transplantation). At Week 10-14, eligible patients were randomized into one of the 2 treatment arms: standard CNIs and Myfortic versus everolimus and Myfortic and entered the treatment period of the study from Randomization to Month 24. Patients in both arms received steroids as per center practice and in any caseat least 5 mg/Day. At Randomization, patients were stratified according to their renal allograft function and previous cardiovascular events. The main analysis was performed at Month 12 and the follow-up analysis was performed at Month 24.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, verbal suggestions have been shown to modulate motor and clinical outcomes in treatment with subthalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS). Furthermore, DBS may alleviate pain in PD. However, it is unknown if verbal suggestions influence DBS' effects on pain.
METHODS: Twenty-four people with PD and DBS had stimulation downregulated (80-60 to 20%) and upregulated (from 20-60 to 80%) in a blinded manner on randomized test days: (1) with negative and positive suggestions of pain for down- and upregulation, respectively, and (2) with no suggestions to effect (control). Effects of DBS and verbal suggestions were assessed on ongoing and evoked pain (hypertonic saline injections) via 0-10 numerical rating scales along with motor symptoms, expectations, and blinding.
RESULTS: Stimulation did not influence ongoing and evoked pain but influenced motor symptoms in the expected direction. Baseline and experimental pain measures showed no patterns in degree of pain. There was a trend toward negative suggestions increasing pain and positive suggestions decreasing pain. Results show significant differences in identical stimulation with negative vs positive suggestions (60% conditions AUC 38.75 vs 23.32, t(13) = 3.10, p < 0.001). Expectations to pain had small to moderate effects on evoked pain. Patients estimated stimulation level correctly within 10 points.
CONCLUSION: Stimulation does not seem to influence ongoing and evoked pain, but verbal suggestions may influence pain levels. Patients appear to be unblinded to stimulation level which is an important consideration for future studies testing DBS in an attempted blind fashion.
The recommended dosage of EPCLUSA in adults is one tablet (400 mg sofosbuvir and 100 mg velpatasvir) taken orally once daily with or without food [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] . 

When administered with EPCLUSA, the recommended dosage of ribavirin is based on weight (administered with food): 1,000 mg per day for patients less than 75 kg and 1,200 mg for those weighing at least 75 kg, divided and administered twice daily. The starting dosage and on-treatment dosage of ribavirin can be decreased based on hemoglobin and creatinine clearance. For ribavirin dosage modifications refer to the ribavirin prescribing information When administered with EPCLUSA, the recommended dosage of ribavirin is based on weight (administered with food): 1,000 mg per day for patients less than 75 kg and 1,200 mg for those weighing at least 75 kg, divided and administered twice daily. The starting dosage and on-treatment dosage of ribavirin can be decreased based on hemoglobin and creatinine clearance. For ribavirin dosage modifications refer to the ribavirin prescribing information [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6) and Clinical Studies (14.4)].
INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent type of cancer and has the highest mortality among women worldwide. BC patients have a high risk of depression, which has been recognized as an independent factor in the progression of BC. However, the potential mechanism has not been clearly demonstrated.
METHODS: To explore the correlation and mechanism between depression and BC progression, we induced depression and tumor in BC mouse models. Depression was induced via chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and chronic restraint stress (CRS). Amino acid (AA) neurotransmitter-targeted metabonomics and gut microbiota 16S rDNA gene sequencing were employed in the mouse model after evaluation with behavioral tests and pathological analysis.
RESULTS: The tumors in cancer-depression (CD) mice grew faster than those in cancer (CA) mice, and lung metastasis was observed in CD mice. Metabonomics revealed that the neurotransmitters and plasma AAs in CD mice were dysregulated, namely the tyrosine and tryptophan pathways and monoamine neurotransmitters in the brain. Gut microbiota analysis displayed an increased ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroides. In detail, the abundance of f_Lachnospiraceae and s_Lachnospiraceae increased, whereas the abundance of o_Bacteroidales and s_Bacteroides_caecimuris decreased. Moreover, the gut microbiota was more closely associated with AA neurotransmitters than with plasma AA.
CONCLUSION: Depression promoted the progression of BC by modulating the abundance of s_Lachnospiraceae and s_Bacteroides_caecimuris, which affected the metabolism of monoamine neurotransmitters in the brain and AA in the blood.
The maintenance of optimal glucose levels in the body requires a healthy reserve of the insulin producing pancreatic beta-cells. Depletion of this reserve due to beta-cell dysfunction and death results in development of diabetes. Recent findings highlight unresolved DNA damage as a key contributor to beta-cell defects in diabetes. Beta-cells face various stressors and metabolic challenges throughout life, rendering them susceptible to DNA breaks. The post-mitotic, long-lived phenotype of mature beta-cells further warrants robust maintenance of genomic integrity. Failure to resolve DNA damage during beta-cell development, therefore, can result in an unhealthy reserve of beta-cells and predispose to diabetes. Yet, the molecular mechanisms safeguarding beta-cell genomic integrity remain poorly understood. Here, we focus on the significance of DNA damage in beta-cell homeostasis and postulate how cellular expansion, epigenetic programming, and metabolic shifts during development may impact beta-cell genomic integrity and health. We discuss recent findings demonstrating a physiological role for DNA breaks in modulating transcriptional control in neurons, which share many developmental programs with beta-cells. Finally, we highlight key gaps in our understanding of beta-cell genomic integrity and discuss emerging areas of interest.
Participants in the "serious game" group will be pre-trained before the hands-on sessions with the serious game "Staying Alive", available at http://www.stayingalive.fr/index_us.html This game aims at teaching the management of an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest to the general public and health professionals. In this game, the player faces a man who has experienced sudden cardiac arrest and learns the appropriate behavior, movements and techniques that can contribute to saving his life. The first level of the game lasts 4-5 minutes, depending on the skills of the player. It is a point and click game, displayed on a PC computer.
BACKGROUND: Chronic pain, defined as pain persisting for more than 3-6 months, has a mean one-year prevalence in the United States of 25.8% and is one of the most frequent reasons adults seek medical care. Treatment options include physical therapy, analgesics, anticonvulsants, exercise, and muscle relaxants. Even with conventional treatment modalities, in a subset of patients, pain may persist. Cooled radiofrequency ablation (c-RFA), a minimally invasive therapy, employs thermal energy generated by electrical currents to disrupt the transmission of pain stimuli along nociceptive pathways. This leads to an attenuation of pain impulses, primarily through nerve tissue necrosis. The potential of c-RFA to alleviate chronic pain for patients who struggle to find relief elsewhere accentuates the importance of rigorously investigating its outcomes. This study investigates whether patients receiving c-RFA for relief of chronic neck pain caused by cervical facet joint arthropathy experience a reduction in pain scores, the length of this reduction in pain scores, and the magnitude of this reduction in pain.
METHODS: This study was a retrospective analysis of data extracted from UW-Health Electronic Medical Health records (EMR), encompassing cervical c-RFA procedures performed from 2015 through 2022. Patient data were obtained, including diagnosis, pre-operative pain score, post-operative pain score, duration of relief, patient age, sex, and BMI. A two-tailed paired t-test was used to statistically analyze the pre-operative and post-operative pain scores, in which a p-value ≤0.05 was considered significant.
RESULTS: A total of 450 cervical c-RFA procedures were reviewed, 152 were excluded due to absent pre- or post-op pain scores. 298 were included in the analysis, comprising 203 unique patients: 129 females and 74 males with an average age of 56.03 ± 12.76 and a BMI of 28.76 ± 6.05. Improvement of pain symptoms was reported in 85.23% (n = 263), 6% (n = 19) reported complete pain remission, 8.72% (n = 26) reported no change, and 3.02% (n = 9) reported worsening symptoms. Patients reported an average pre-operative pain score of 6.15 (M = 6.15, SD = 1.55) and an average post-operative pain score of 3.64 (M = 3.64, SD = 2.09) this achieved significance (p < 0.0001). Of the 85.23% (n = 263) charts that noted improvement, there is an average of 48.04% ± 26.53 reduction from their pre-operative pain scores. The average duration of relief lasted 6.67 ± 4.84 months.
CONCLUSION: This study supports the potential efficacy of c-RFA as a minimally invasive treatment for chronic neck pain secondary to cervical facet joint arthropathy refractory to conventional treatment measures, demonstrating significant relief for a substantial length of time. Due to chronic pain's detrimental effect on one's quality of life, finding effective treatment options is essential, especially for those refractory to conventional treatments.
Asthma is a major cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality. In acute exacerbations of asthma, corticosteroids reduce relapses, subsequent hospital admission and the need for ß2-agonist therapy. Prednisolone is relatively short-acting with a half-life of 12 to 36 hours, thereby requiring daily dosing. Prolonged treatment course, vomiting and a bitter taste may reduce patient compliance with prednisolone. Dexamethasone is a long-acting corticosteroid with a half-life of 36 to 72 hours. It is used frequently in children with croup and bacterial meningitis, and is well absorbed orally. The purpose of this trial is to examine whether a single dose of oral dexamethasone (0.3 mg/kg) is clinically non-inferior to prednisolone (1 mg/kg/day for three days) in the treatment of exacerbations of asthma in children who attend the Emergency Department.

This is a randomized, non-inferiority, open-label clinical trial. After informed consent with or without assent, patients will be randomized to either oral dexamethasone 0.3 mg/kg stat or prednisolone 1 mg/kg/day for three days. The primary outcome measure is the comparison between the Pediatric Respiratory Assessment Measure (PRAM) across both groups on Day 4. The PRAM score, a validated, responsive and reliable tool to determine asthma severity in children aged 2 to 16 years, will be performed by a clinician blinded to treatment allocation. Secondary outcomes include relapse, hospital admission and requirement for further steroid therapy. Data will be analyzed on an intention-to-treat and a per protocol basis. With a sample size of 232 subjects (105 in each group with an estimated 10% loss to follow-up), we will be able to reject the null hypothesis - that the population means of the experimental and control groups are equal with a power of 0.9. The Type I error probability associated with this test (of the null hypothesis) is 0.05.

This clinical trial may provide evidence that a shorter steroid course using dexamethasone can be used in the treatment of acute pediatric asthma, thus eliminating the issue of compliance to treatment.
FIELD: medicine, veterinary, agriculture and food-processing industry. SUBSTANCE: method involves grinding weighed portion of propolis and solving, with water being used as solvent. Solving of propolis is performed by means of electrodes submerged into water. Electric current is directed through electrodes. Propolis weighed portion is placed into cathodic part of vessel. EFFECT: increased efficiency and wider range of usage.
Lapidus Surgery: exposure of the 1TMTJ via a 3-5cm medial longitudinal skin incision and capsulotomy. Freehand creation of the fusion surface with fluoroscopic assistance. Fixation of the Lapidus arthrodesis will be performed with two 3.5mm headless compression screws.
Participants in this arm will receive a 50 min mindful eating training with four pieces of food. They will practice mindful eating at home with two meals for a one-week duration.
Introduction: Although recurrent diverticulitis appears to be a chronic relapsing disease from a clinical standpoint, there are no sufficient data about inflammatory markers that allow monitoring recurrent diverticulitis in the quiescent phase. Our hypothesis is that serum inflammatory markers may be increased during clinical quiescent phases of diverticulitis and will drop after elective laparoscopic sigmoidectomy for uncomplicated recurrent diverticulitis. We also believe that a drop in IL-6 levels across surgery could be related to an improved quality of life. Material and Methods: This epidemiological study aims to evaluate IL-6 serum levels and quality of life preoperatively and 6 months after surgery in 30 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic sigmoidectomy for uncomplicated recurrent diverticulitis. Results: The mean preoperative IL-6 level was 9.5 +- 9.2 pg/ml (range 0-5), while at six months after surgery the mean IL-6 was 4.5 +- 3.5. (p=0.0085). Preoperative QoL measured with the GIQLI questionnaire was 98 +- 11.3 and raised significantly after surgery to 112 +- 9.8 (p=0.043). Conclusions: We found a serum IL-6 reduction after elective laparoscopic sigmoidectomy that can be attributed to the surgical removal of the source of inflammation in patients suffering from uncomplicated recurrent diverticulitis. Similarly, the GIQLI questionnaire showed a significantly improved QoL after surgery.
Combination of MK3475 with Metronomic CP. MK3475 will be administered intraveinously. Metronomic CP (Cyclophosphamide) will be adminstered orally.
Eligible patients from imatinib arm in core study CAMN107ECN02 were enrolled into imatinib arm in this study. Patients in imatinib 400 mg daily arm received imatinib daily dose of 300 mg, 400 mg or 600 mg all at once every day.
A method and system for collecting and providing consumer information to a user can include a series of steps. The steps can include receiving from a requesting computer a request for consumer information from a user. The request can identify a consumer. The step of retrieving the requested consumer information corresponding to the identified consumer from at least one network location can be included. The consumer information can include at least one data item. Also, the method can include transferring the at least one data item in the retrieved consumer information to a corresponding field in a user interface in the requesting computer.
BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) causes heavy losses in terms of finances, hospitalization, and death for elderly patients in the intensive care unit (ICU); however, the risk is difficult to evaluate due to a lack of reliable assessment tools. We aimed to create and validate a nomogram to estimate VAP risk to provide early intervention for high-risk patients.
METHODS: Between January 2016 and March 2021, 293 patients from a tertiary hospital in China were retrospectively reviewed as a training set. Another 84 patients were enrolled for model validation from April 2021 to February 2022. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariable logistic regression analysis were employed to select predictors, and a nomogram model was constructed. The calibration, discrimination, and clinical utility of the nomogram were verified. Finally, a web-based online scoring system was created to make the model more practical.
RESULTS: The predictors were hypoproteinemia, long-term combined antibiotic use, intubation time, length of mechanical ventilation, and tracheotomy/intubation. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.937 and 0.925 in the training and validation dataset, respectively, suggesting the model exhibited effective discrimination. The calibration curve demonstrated high consistency with the observed result and the estimated values. Decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated that the nomogram was clinically applicable.
CONCLUSIONS: We have created a novel nomogram model that can be utilized to anticipate VAP risk in elderly ICU patients, which is helpful for healthcare professionals to detect patients at high risk early and adopt protective interventions.
The present invention relates to a method to inhibit bacteria from adhering to a submergible surface. The method contacts the submergible surface with an effective amount of at least one fluorosurfactant to inhibit bacterial adhesion to the submergible surface. The present invention also relates to a method for controlling biofouling of an aqueous system. This method adds an effective amount of at least one fluorosurfactant to inhibit bacteria from adhering to a submerged surface within the aqueous system. This method effectively controls biofouling without substantially killing the bacteria fouling organisms. The fluorosurfactant used in the method of the invention is an anionic or nonionic fluorosurfactant selected from: RfCH2CH2SCH2CH2CO2Li, (RfCH2CH2O)P(O) (ONH4)2, (RfCH2CH2O)2P(O) (ONH4), (RfCH2CH2O)P(O) (OH)2, (RfCH2CH2O)2P(O) (OH), RfCH2CH2O (CH2CH2O)xH, RfCH2CH2O(CH2CH2O)yH, RfCH2CH2SO3H, or mixtures thereof. The group Rf is F(CF2CF2)3-8, x varies from 2-20, and y varies from 2-20. The present invention also relates to a compositions containing a fluorosurfactant and useable in the above methods. The compositions comprise at least one fluorosurfactant in an amount effective to inhibit bacteria from adhering to submergible or submerged surfaces.
In addition to standard medical care, parents in the problem-solving skills training group will receive 8 sessions (1 hour each) of individual problem-solving therapy over 8 weeks. Caregivers will be asked to complete the first training session and at least 3 subsequent sessions in person at their local treatment facility (Seattle Children's Hospital or Oregon Health and Science University). Remaining sessions will be completed via telephone.
Interventions: Respiratory muscle training for EMT+IMT. Respiratory muscle training for IMT (Inspiratory muscle training)+EMT (Expiratory muscle training). Respiratory muscle breathing training for patients with inspiratory muscle weakness and swallowing disturbance (MIP less than 70% of normal range).
Any patient fulfilling the inclusion criteria will be prepared to pharmacological cardioversion in a standard way comprising of standard baseline 12-lead ECG, continuous ECG monitoring, periodic noninvasive blood pressure monitoring (BP) and iv line. After administration of canrenone: dose 200 mg (1 ampule a 10 ml) within 2-3 minutes the patient will be observed for 2 hours after the dose with exit ECG and BP measure taken at the end of observation.
Influenza is primarily a virus infection of the respiratory tract mucosa from the nose to the terminal bronchioles. Immunity to influenza virus infection is mediated primarily by antibody in respiratory secretions at the mucosal surface. To meet the need for improved inactivated vaccines, one potential approach is to increase the frequency and magnitude of antibody in secretions by administering inactivated influenza virus vaccine (IVV) intranasally and to optimize responses by including a mucosal adjuvant. The primary hypothesis of this study is that Type 1 interferon (IFN) will provide an adjuvant effect at the respiratory mucosal surface for production of IgA and/or IgG antibody to the influenza strains when added to IVV and administered intranasally. The primary objective of the study is to determine whether including type 1 IFN with IVV, administered intranasally, to healthy adults will enhance antibody responses in nasal secretions compared to intranasal administration of IVV alone. This is a single-center, randomized, double-blind, clinical trial to determine if type 1 IFN will act as a mucosal adjuvant for antibody responses to influenza viruses after administration with IVV intranasally. Subjects will be healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 40. The study will enroll 30 subjects in each of three groups, a group given 0.6 ml of IVV, a group given 0.6 ml of IVV containing 1M units of IFN and a group given 0.7 ml of IVV containing 10M units of IFN. The vaccine or vaccine/interferon combination will be administered to the subjects intranasally once. Blood and nasal secretions will be obtained before vaccination and again two and four weeks after immunization. Each subject will be asked to complete a memory aid for seven days and to report any unexpected adverse events (AEs) to study personnel. The subject will report to the clinic or be contacted by phone or e-mail at six months after vaccination regarding occurrence of any unreported serious adverse events (SAEs). The three nasal secretions will be used for testing for IgA and IgG antibody to the A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 HA in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests. The three blood samples will be tested in HAI and neutralization tests for antibody to the A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 vaccine antigens.