anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVES: Adenoid hypertrophy causes impaired nasopharyngeal airways (NA) ventilation. However, it is difficult to evaluate the ventilatory conditions of NA. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the nasopharyngeal airway resistance (NARES) based on computational fluid dynamics simulations and the nasopharyngeal airway depth (NAD) and adenoid hypertrophy grade measured on cephalometric cone-beam computed tomography images and determine the relationship between NAD and grade and NARES to ultimately assess using cephalometric measurements whether NA has airway obstruction defects.
METHODS: Cephalogram images were generated from cone-beam computed tomography data of 102 children (41 boys; mean age: 9.14 ± 1.43 years) who received orthodontic examinations at an orthodontic clinic from September 2012 to March 2023, and NAD and adenoid grade and NARES values were measured based on computational fluid dynamics analyses using a 3D NA model. Nonlinear regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between NARES and NAD and correlation coefficients to evaluate the relationship between grade and NARES.
RESULTS: NARES was inversely proportional to the cube of NAD (R2 = 0.786, P < 0.001), indicating a significant relationship between these variables. The resistance NARES increased substantially when the distance NAD was less than 5 mm. However, adenoid Grade 4 (75 % hypertrophy) was widely distributed.
CONCLUSIONS: These study findings demonstrate that the ventilatory conditions of NA can be determined based on a simple evaluation of cephalogram images. An NAD of less than 5 mm on cephalometric images results in NA obstruction with substantially increased airflow resistance.
Life-threatening or fatal neuropsychiatric reactions have occurred in patients receiving interferon alfa products, including BESREMi. These reactions may occur in patients with and without previous psychiatric illness. Serious neuropsychiatric reactions have been observed in 3% of patients treated with BESREMi during the clinical development program. Among the 178 patients in the clinical development program of BESREMi, 17 cases of depression, depressive symptoms, depressed mood, and listlessness occurred. Of these seventeen cases, 3.4% of the patients recovered with temporary drug interruption and 2.8% stopped BESREMi treatment.

Other central nervous system effects, including suicidal ideation, attempted suicide, aggression, bipolar disorder, mania and confusion have been observed with other interferon alfa products. BESREMi is contraindicated in patients with a history of severe psychiatric disorders, particularly severe depression, suicidal ideation, or suicide attempt [see Contraindications (4)]. 

Closely monitor patients for any symptoms of psychiatric disorders and consider psychiatric consultation and treatment if such symptoms emerge. If psychiatric symptoms worsen, it is recommended to discontinue BESREMi therapy.
Coil Embolization System,or deposits coils in the aneurysm sac by electrolytical detachment; coil types include Complex Finish, Complex Frame,and Helical. The coils are made of a platinum - tungsten alloy, have a minimum diameter of 2 mm and a maximum diameter of 24mm.
Subjects allocated to moderate intensity walking will be given a gift card to purchase a paid of running shoes. A chest-based heart rate monitor and an activity tracker watch will be provided. Subjects will aim to achieve 150 minutes a week of moderate intensity walking. Subjects will also be receiving text messages, phone calls, and emails from study staff to gauge and encourage subject participation and physical activity.
BACKGROUND: Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are prevalent among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. However, it is unclear whether obesity without MetS is associated with a higher risk of adverse clinical outcomes in CKD patients.
METHODS: We searched the National Health Insurance Service database of Korea for patients who underwent national health screenings in 2009-11 and identified 59 725 CKD patients. Obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2. MetS was defined as the presence of three or more metabolic risks.
RESULTS: The cumulative event rate of cardiovascular (CV) events, progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and all-cause mortality was the lowest among obese patients without MetS (all P < .001). In multivariable analysis, obese (versus non-obese) patients without MetS were not at increased risks of CV events [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.02 (95% confidence interval 0.94-1.11)] or progression to ESKD [0.92 (0.77-1.09)]. Their risk of all-cause mortality was significantly decreased [0.82 (0.75-0.90)]. These findings were consistently observed in overweight, obese and morbidly obese patients without MetS. Moreover, despite a linear increase in HR for each additional metabolic abnormality in both obese and non-obese patients, the slope of HR increase for CV events was significantly slower in obese patients (P for interaction = .038).
CONCLUSIONS: Obesity without MetS did not increase the risk of CV complications or progression to ESKD. The healthy effect of obesity on all-cause mortality risk and its weakening effect on the association between metabolic hazards and CV risk should be considered in CKD patients.
BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) that has been shown to be associated with worse outcomes. Our study assesses factors associated with the development of postoperative AKI after PTE and its impact on clinical outcomes.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 247 patients who underwent PTE at our institution between June 2009 and December 2020. Baseline characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes were compared between patients with and without postoperative AKI. The primary endpoint was development of postoperative AKI using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes definition, and secondary endpoints were length of hospital stay, hospital mortality, and 5-year mortality.
RESULTS: The overall incidence of postoperative AKI in our study population was 49%. One hundred twenty-three patients (50.8%) did not develop AKI postoperatively, 87 patients (35.9%) developed stage 1 AKI postoperatively, 21 patients (8.7%) developed stage 2 AKI postoperatively, and 11 (4.5%) developed stage 3 AKI postoperatively. Patients who developed AKI postoperatively had longer hospital stays, higher in-hospital mortality rates, and higher 5-year mortality rates than patients who did not develop postoperative AKI. Higher body mass index, older age, low preoperative hemoglobin, low ejection fraction, and low creatinine were shown to be associated with postoperative AKI development.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients who developed AKI after PTE had worse mortality and morbidity. Clinicians should have a lower threshold for suspecting AKI and consider implementing Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes-based AKI prevention bundles for patients with factors associated with development of AKI.
Trilaciclib is an agent that helps protect the bone marrow from the side effects of chemotherapy. It is given as an intravenous (IV) infusion over 30 minutes prior to gemcitabine and carboplatin. Gemcitabine is given IV over 30 minutes. Carboplatin is given over 30 minutes. Trilaciclib, gemcitabine and carboplatin are given on Days 1 and 8 every 21 days. Pembrolizumab is given IV over 30 minutes on Day 1 every 21 days.
The invention relates to the medicine, namely to the dentistry and may be sued for restoring the dentition defects. According to the method of the dental implantation, the autologous plasma from the venous blood of the patient is enriched in growth factors. PRGF is used as gel, clot and biologic fibrin membrane. The osseous canal is irrigated, and the implant is moistened with PRGF gel. The fragment of the autologous bone of the patient obtained in the during generation of the implant bed is milled and mixed with PRGF clot. The autograft produced in such a way is used for filling bone defect surrounding the implant. The fibrin membrane is used for covering the implant.
PURPOSE: Incremental peritoneal dialysis (IPD) could decrease unfavorable glucose exposure results and preserve (RKF). However, there is no standardization of dialysis prescriptions for patients undergoing IPD. We designed a prospective observational multi-center study with a standardized IPD prescription to evaluate the effect of IPD on RKF, metabolic alterations, blood pressure control, and adverse outcomes.
METHODS: All patients used low GDP product (GDP) neutral pH solutions in both the incremental continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (ICAPD) group and the retrospective standard PD (sPD) group. IPD patients started treatment with three daily exchanges five days a week. Control-group patients performed four changes per day, seven days a week.
RESULTS: A total of 94 patients (47 IPD and 47 sPD) were included in this study. The small-solute clearance and mean blood pressures were similar between both groups during follow-up. The weekly mean glucose exposure was significantly higher in sPD group than IPD during the follow-up (p < 0.001). The patients with sPD required more phosphate-binding medications compared to the IPD group (p = 0.05). The rates of peritonitis, tunnel infection, and hospitalization frequencies were similar between groups. Patients in the sPD group experienced more episodes of hypervolemia compared to the IPD group (p = 0.007). The slope in RKF in the 6th month was significantly higher in the sPD group compared to the IPD group (65% vs. 95%, p = 0.001).
CONCLUSION: IPD could be a rational dialysis method and provide non-inferior dialysis adequacy compared to full-dose PD. This regimen may contribute to preserving RKF for a longer period.
BACKGROUND: Thrombocytopenia is the most notable phenomenon in dengue. Activation status of platelets and interaction of platelets with endothelium contribute towards dengue disease pathogenesis. Platelets are the major cell types known to release extracellular vesicles, especially exosomes in circulation. However, the role of platelet derived exosomes (PLT-EXOs) in endothelial dysfunction during dengue infection remains unknown.
METHODS: In this study, we recruited 28 healthy subjects and 69 dengue patients categorized as WS- (n=31), WS+ (n=29) and SD (n=9). Platelets were isolated from platelet rich plasma of dengue patients and their activation was assessed by flow cytometry. PLT-EXOs were isolated by ultracentrifugation method. Western blot analyses were performed to characterize the exosomes. Exosome uptake experiment was carried out to see the internalization of exosomes inside endothelial cells (HUVECs). To observe the effect of exosomes on endothelial cells, exosomes were added on HUVECs and expression of adherens and tight junctional proteins were examined by immunofluorescence assay and western blot. Expression levels of vascular injury markers were measured in the culture supernatants of Exosome-HUVEC coculture and sera of dengue patients by MSD-multiplex assay.
RESULTS: As compared to healthy subjects, CD41/CD61 expression was significantly reduced (p<0.0001) and CD62p expression was significantly increased (p<0.0001) on platelets in dengue patients. PLT-EXOs isolated from the dengue patients showed higher expression of CD63 and CD9 proteins than the healthy subjects. With in-vitro immunofluorescence assays, we illustrated the internalization of PLT-EXOs by the HUVECs and observed disruption of endothelial cell monolayer integrity in the presence of PLT-EXOs from WS+ and SD patients. Furthermore, the significant reduction in the expressions of ZO-2, VE-Cadherin and CD31 in endothelial cells following exposure to PLT-EXOs from the dengue patients provide direct evidence of PLT-EXOs mediated vascular permeability. PLT-EXOs stimulated the release of inflammatory markers CRP, SAA, sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 in the supernatants of HUVEC cells. Importantly, significantly higher levels of CRP, sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 in the sera of severe than mild dengue patients (p<0.0001) suggest their role in disease severity.
CONCLUSIONS: In summary, our data suggest that PLT-EXOs promote vascular leakage via release of proinflammatory mediators and compromise vascular barrier integrity in dengue patients.
Patients in Group 3A will receive an IDDD following informed consent and will be randomized in a 1:1 allocation ratio to begin HGT-1410 treatment at a dose of 45 mg administered every 2 weeks (Q2W) starting at Week 0 of the extension study, with a cumulative treatment period of up to 30 months (120 weeks). HGT-1410 will be administered intrathecally (IT) by an indwelling intrathecal drug delivery device (IDDD).
Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a significant complication that occurs up to 75% of patients after DVT. Rosuvastatin is a HMGCoA reductase inhibitor that has anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the investigators will evaluate the safety and tolerability of combination standard anticoagulation therapy (e.g. Factor Xa inhibitor, rivaroxaban, apixaban) and three months of 20 mg dose of rivaroxaban and its efficacy as prophylaxis against PTS after lower extremity DVT. After the diagnosis of lower extremity DVT with either duplex venous ultrasound or other imaging, study participants will initiate standard rivaroxaban therapy as per standard medical care. All consented participants in this trial will receive three months of rosuvastatin (20 mg daily dose). Assessment of post thrombotic syndrome follow up will continue for 365 days from the time of DVT diagnosis or until resolution or stabilization of any clinically significant drug related adverse event, after which they will be considered off-study.
Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) is a transoral endoscopic procedure that utilizes full-thickness sutures extending from the prepyloric antrum to the gastroesophageal junction, creating a tubular sleeve along the lesser curvature with a gastric volume of approximately 30%. After the first feasibility study was available in 2013, multiple investigators published data on safety and efficacy of ESG. A recent meta analysis of novel endoscopic procedures revealed four observational studies on ESG. At 6, 12 and 24 months pooled excessive weight loss (EWL) was 52%, 53%, and 60% while pooled total body weight loss (TBWL) was 16%, 17%, and 20%, respectively.

Aside from its efficacy in terms of body weight loss, only a small number of investigations addressed metabolic changes in response to ESG so far. In a large retrospective analysis, which observed the outcomes of 1000 patients following ESG, 13 of 17 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), all 28 cases of hypertension, and 18 of 32 cases of dyslipidemia were in complete remission by the third month of follow-up.

Summarizing the available literature, knowledge about effects of ESG on metabolism and glucose homeostasis is scarce. Available studies are subject to significant limitations in terms of sample size and or generalizability of results. The present study aims at a comprehensive determination of changes in hormonal regulators of glucose homeostasis after ESG in comparison to the preoperative state. Up to date, there are no structured and detailed analyses available that investigate glucose homeostasis following ESG. Proper glucose homeostasis yields a significant impact on a patients' quality of life and may - if deteriorated - be accompanied by a plethora of somatic and psychological constraints. The results of the present study seeks to investigate glucose homeostasis following ESG in detail. This may help to identify patients in need for further assistance regarding their post-interventional lifestyle in order to avoid e.g. hypoglycemia, and to further characterize patients' cohorts that will likely benefit from ESG.
Sarcoidosis is a chronic and frequently progressive systemic disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS) in approximately 5% of patients. The hallmark of the disease is the development of chronic inflammation with formation of non-caseating granulomas that can involve the brain parenchyma and meninges and appear as contrast-enhancing mass lesions on magnetic resonance imaging. The granulomas are primarily comprised of proinflammatory T cells (Th1 cells and Th17 cells) and macrophages which accumulate during the early stages of granuloma formation. The inflammation that is generated by these cells is modulated by anti-inflammatory responses mediated by Th2 cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells that later appear and populate the outer regions of the granuloma. The presence of Treg cells are of particular interest since these cell are also detected in high numbers in peripheral blood and the immune suppression that results may underlie the occurrence of anergy in patients with the disease. The treatment of CNS sarcoidosis involves the use of either corticosteroids or potent immunosuppressive agents, both which can induce severe long-term side effects. The adverse effects of steroids may be avoided by treatment with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which is available for patient use as H.P. Acthar® Gel. The efficacy of H.P. Acthar® Gel in the treatment of CNS sarcoidosis and the impact on quality of life have not been previously examined. In addition, little is known regarding the expression of immune markers in CNS sarcoidosis and the association of such markers with disease activity and response to treatment. These issues, therefore, will be explored in the context of this proposal.
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the most intractable subpopulation of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, which have been associated with a high risk of relapse and poor prognosis. However, eradication of CSCs continues to be difficult. Here, we integrate the multiomics data of a TNBC cohort (n = 360) to identify vital markers of CSCs. We discover that EMSY, inducing a BRCAness phenotype, is preferentially expressed in breast CSCs, promotes ALDH+ cells enrichment, and is positively correlated with poor relapse-free survival. Mechanistically, EMSY competitively binds to the Jmjc domain, which is critical for KDM5B enzyme activity, to reshape methionine metabolism, and to promote CSC self-renewal and tumorigenesis in an H3K4 methylation-dependent manner. Moreover, EMSY accumulation in TNBC cells sensitizes them to PARP inhibitors against bulk cells and methionine deprivation against CSCs. These findings indicate that clinically relevant eradication of CSCs could be achieved with a strategy that targets CSC-specific vulnerabilities in amino acid metabolism.
Pharmaceutical compsn. based on the parent patent contain the quat.-beta-carboline, flavopereirine of formula (IV). (IV) acts preferentially against the replication of DNA and synthesis of RNA of cancer, tumour and viral cells without having a great effect on healthy cells. It is used as an anticancer, antitumour and antiviral agent by oral or parenteral admin. of daily doses of 2.5-500mg, pref. 10-100mg.
The present invention relates to a formulation useful for delivery of neuro protecting agent. It also demonstrates and discloses a novel delivery system for an extract of a new chemotype of Withania sonmifera (NMITLI118RT+) for neuro- protection against cerebral stroke (signifies concentrated aqueous ethanolic extract of roots of NMITLI-118, a new chemotype of Withania somnifera, a variety of Ashwagandha, which is unique in having high root yield, possessing a uniform crop canopy and uniform composition with respect to its secondary metabolites- withanolides. It is phytochemically characterized by particular abundance of two withanolides i.e. withanone and/or withanolide A, specimens of which are kept in the herbarium of CSIR-CIMAP, Lucknow, India) (Chaurasiya ND, Sangwan RS, Mishra L N, Tuli R, Sangwan N S, Metabolic clustering of a core collection of Indian ginseng Withania somnifera Dunal through DNA, Isoenzyme, polypeptide and withanolide profile diversity-Fitoterapia 2009, 80 (8) 496-505) for neuro- protection against cerebral stroke. Broadly, the invention discloses potent and prudent therapeutic potential of a new formulation using standardized fraction NMITLI118RT+ of a new variety of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) for brain function restoration and protection from neurological failures. Particularly the present invention further relates to the process for the preparation of the said formulation containing Standardized NMITLI118RT+ extract, its pharmaceutical compositions, for the management of cerebral stroke. The present invention also relates to a method of treatment of cerebral stroke and comprising of administering the formulation in a predetermined doses and period.
Stroke is one of the leading causes of long-term adult disability worldwide. The impaired ability to walk post-stroke severely limits mobility and quality of life. Many recently-developed assistive technologies for gait rehabilitation are at present only marginally better at best than traditional therapies in their efficacies. There is an urgent need of novel, clinically viable, and effective gait rehabilitative strategies that can provide even better functional outcome for stroke survivors with diverse presentations.

Among the many new post-stroke interventions, functional electrical stimulation (FES) of muscles remains attractive. FES is a neural-rehabilitative technology that communicates control signals from an external device to the neuromuscular system. There is increasing recognition that rehabilitation paradigms should promote restitution of the patient's muscle coordination towards the normal pattern during training, and FES can achieve this goal when stimulations are applied to the set of muscles whose natural coordination is impaired. For this reason, FES is a very promising interventional strategy. Existing FES paradigms, however, have yielded ambiguous results in previous clinical trials, especially those for chronic survivors, likely because either stimulation were applied only to single or a few muscles, or the stimulation pattern did not mimic the natural muscle coordination pattern during gait. A multi-muscle FES, when applied to a larger functional set of muscles and driven by their natural coordination pattern, can guide muscle activations towards the normal pattern through neuroplasticity, thus restore impairment at the level of muscle-activation deficit.

The aim of our project is to rehabilitate the gait of chronic stroke survivors by delivering stimulations to multiple muscles, in their natural coordination pattern, using our wearable. participants will utilize the theory of muscle synergy from motor neuroscience to guide our personalizable selections of muscles for FES. Muscle synergies are hypothesized neural modules of motor control that coordinate the spatiotemporal activation patterns of multiple muscles. Our customizable FES pattern for each stroke survivor will be constructed based on the normal muscle synergies - identified from age-matched healthy subjects - that are absent in the stroke survivor's muscle pattern during walking. Since muscle synergies represent the natural motor-control units used by the nervous system, reinforcement of their activations through FES should lead to a restoration of normal neuromuscular coordination, thus more natural post-training gait.