anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Epilepsy, a complex neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, affects millions of individuals worldwide, challenging both patients and healthcare providers. The main indication for the epilepsy surgery is the drug resistance as per the consensus from the Task Force of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE). Traditional open surgery is an established treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), but has limitations such as invasiveness and long recovery times. With the significant advancements of technology, the minimally invasive therapeutic approaches have emerged, among which Magnetic Resonance-guided Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy (MRgLITT) stands out as a promising intervention. It provides targeted ablation of epileptogenic tissue while preserving healthy brain regions. Understanding MRgLITT's comprehensive value for DRE is of increasing interest.

This real-world study aims to comprehensively evaluate the clinical outcomes, safety profiles, and cost-effectiveness of MRgLITT in patients with DRE. The results of this clinical trial protocol are expected to serve as a comprehensive guide for researchers, clinicians, and stakeholders interested in the treatment of DRE using MRgLITT. We believe this study can influence future treatment strategies, leading to improved outcomes and enhanced quality of life for individuals with epilepsy.
Ruxolitinib has become the new standard of care for steroid-refractory and steroid-dependent chronic GVHD (SR-cGVHD). Our aim was to collect comparative data between ruxolitinib and extracorporeal photophoresis (ECP). We asked EBMT centers if they were willing to provide detailed information on GVHD grading, -therapy, -dosing, -response and complications for each included patient. 31 centers responded positively and we included all patients between 1/2017-7/2019 treated with ECP or ruxolitinib for moderate or severe SR-cGVHD. We identified 84 and 57 patients with ECP and ruxolitinib, respectively. We performed multivariate analyses adjusted on grading and type of SR-cGVHD (steroid dependent vs. refractory vs. intolerant to steroids). At day+180 after initiation of treatment for SR-cGVHD the odds ratio in the ruxolitinib group to achieve overall response vs. the ECP group was 1.35 (95% CI = [0.64; 2.91], p = 0.43). In line, we detected no statistically significant differences in overall survival, progression-free survival, non-relapse mortality and relapse incidence. The clinical significance is limited by the retrospective study design and the current data can't replace prospective studies on ECP in SR-cGVHD. However, the present results contribute to the accumulating evidence on ECP as an effective treatment option in SR-cGVHD.
Chronic total occlusions (CTO) accounting for about 15-20% of coronary artery lesions can be challenging and only 10-15% of patients undergo successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) .Thanks to the technological and device advances, the marked improvement of PCI success rates could be seen. However, in contrast to non-CTO lesions, these procedures are accompanied by longer procedure time, contrast and radiation burden, and higher complication rates. The possibility to predict which CTOs are more likely to be treated successfully is still of utmost importance for patient selection. Several scores have been proposed to predict the procedural success rate, such as J-CTO, CL-Score, Progress-Score et al , J-CTO is widely accepted. But Karatasakis et al.showed that these scores performed moderately in predicting technical outcome, while ignoring many factors such as stumpless lesion which may exert an influence on the procedural success. The investigators aims to develop and validate a novel scoring system for predicting CTO-PCI success.
Inguinal hernia repair is one of the common surgeries performed by general surgeon all over the world. Tension-free Lichtenstein repair is the most common technique used in open repair, while many surgeons perform laparoscopic hernia repair: total extraperitoneal repair (TEP) and transabdominal preperitoneal repair (TAPP). Laparoscopic surgery is considered to reduce postoperative pain, the incidence of wound complications and time to return to activities of daily living. Both techniques are based on the principle of tension free repair and rely on mesh placement in the preperitoneal space to exclude the inguinal defect and reinforce the abdominal wall; the recurrence rate following tension-free hernia repair is reported to be low and in the range of 1-4%.

Chronic pain after an inguinal hernia repair is a well recognized complication, irrespective of technique. The incidence of chronic pain is estimated to be around 5-10%. Many factors contributed to the development of chronic pain, and one of the factors being the type of mesh fixation method. Common types of mesh fixation methods in laparoscopic hernia repair are traumatic fixation - the use of tacks (absorbable or non-absorbable) or atraumatic fixation, e.g. the use of fibrin glue; while some surgeons do not fix the mesh. No fixation is practiced by some surgeons in unilateral repair as some studies showed that there was no difference in recurrence rate and incidence of chronic pain between fixation or no fixation groups, yet in these studies hernia opening was small (\<3cm) or not measured. It is generally agreed that fixation is indicated in large hernias (defect size \>3cm), bilateral hernias and recurrent hernias in order to avoid early mesh dislocation and hernia recurrence.

Study has shown that the use of tacks caused more early postoperative pain. Manufacturers try to develop self-gripping mesh with the aim to reduce chronic pain. ProgripTM (Covidien) is a lightweight, self-gripping mesh composed of monofilament polyester and polylactic acid (PLA) microgrips indicated for inguinal hernia repair. The resorbable microgrips provide immediate adherence to surrounding muscle and adipose tissue during hernia surgery, as a result no fixation method is required. Studies have shown that ProgripTM is associated with less pain in the early recovery period when used in open Lichtenstein repair, yet there are few studies of ProgripTM in laparoscopic hernia repair.

In Hong Kong, TEP is the preferred approach for most surgeons who perform laparoscopic hernia surgery. In this trial, patients with inguinal hernia who is suitable for TEP are recruited. TEP will be performed in the usual manner. Surgeon will assess the size of hernia defect prior to mesh insertion. For patients with large hernia defect or bilateral inguinal hernia that required mesh fixation, they will be randomized in two groups: ProgripTM and non-ProgripTM group. For ProgripTM no addition fixation is necessary, while for non-ProgripTM fixation is indicated. As tacks are known to be associated with postoperative pain, fibrin glue is designated as the fixation method in non- ProgripTM group in this study.
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics, types of seizure disorders, and antiepileptic drug usage among individuals with different types of corpus callosum disorders.
METHODS: A total of 73 individuals were included in the study and divided into three groups based on the type of corpus callosum abnormality: hypoplasia (H), agenesis (A), and dysgenesis (D). Demographic data, including gender and preterm birth, as well as clinical characteristics such as seizure disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), severe developmental delay/intellectual disability, and other brain malformations, were analyzed. The types of seizure disorders and antiepileptic drugs used were also examined.
RESULTS: The H group had the highest number of participants (n = 47), followed by the A group (n = 11) and the D group (n = 15). The A group had the highest percentage of males and preterm births, while the D group had the highest percentage of seizure disorders, other brain malformations, and severe developmental delay/intellectual disability. The A group also had the highest percentage of ADHD. Focal seizures were observed in all three groups, with the highest proportion in the A group. Focal impaired awareness seizures (FIAS) were present in all groups, with the highest proportion in the D group. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) were observed in all groups, with the highest proportion in the H group. Different types of antiepileptic drugs were used among the groups, with variations in usage rates for each drug.
CONCLUSION: This study provided insights into the demographic and clinical characteristics, seizure disorders, and antiepileptic drug usage among individuals with different types of corpus callosum disorders. Significant differences were found between the groups, indicating the need for tailored management approaches. However, the study has limitations, including a small sample size and a cross-sectional design. Further research with larger sample sizes and longitudinal designs is warranted to validate these findings and explore the relationship between corpus callosum abnormality severity and clinical outcomes.
40 patients were randomly divided in two study groups after radiological and clinical evaluation. Both groups received bone grafting by a xenogeneic bone substitute (BSM, cerabone, botiss biomaterials GmbH, Zossen, Germany) using the lateral approach. In the bony wall group (BW), following piezosurgery the retrieved bony wall was repositioned. In the collagen membrane group (CM), the lateral window was created by rotary instruments, covered via a native collagen membrane (collprotect, botiss biomaterials GmbH, Zossen, Germany). After 6 months, biopsies were taken to analyze both approaches in terms of new bone formation. Duration of treatment, the number of perforations, postoperative patient discomfort were registered. Established histopathological analysis and histomorphometrical measurements to analyze the tissue reactions and the tissue distribution, i.e., the fractions of newly formed bone tissue (NB), of remaining bone substitute material (BSM) and connective tissue (CT), were conducted.
Risk Summary

There are no available data on fluticasone propionate ointment use in pregnant women to evaluate for a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Observational studies suggest an increased risk of low birthweight infants with the use of greater than 300 grams of potent or very potent topical corticosteroids during pregnancy (see Data). Advise pregnant women that fluticasone propionate ointment may increase the risk of having a low birthweight infant and to use fluticasone propionate ointment on the smallest area of skin and for the shortest duration possible.

In animal reproduction studies, subcutaneous administration of fluticasone propionate to pregnant mice, rats, and rabbits during organogenesis caused malformations characteristic of corticosteroids in each species (see Data). The available data do not allow the calculation of relevant comparisons between the systemic exposure of fluticasone propionate observed in animal studies to the systemic exposure that would be expected in humans after topical use of fluticasone propionate ointment.

The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population(s) is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively.

Data

Human Data

Available observational studies in pregnant women did not identify a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, preterm delivery, or fetal mortality with the use of topical corticosteroids of any potency. However, when the dispensed amount of potent or very potent topical corticosteroids exceeded 300 grams during the entire pregnancy, maternal use was associated with an increased risk of low birth weight infants.

Animal Data

In embryo-fetal development studies, pregnant rabbits, rats, and mice received subcutaneous doses of fluticasone propionate during organogenesis at doses up to 4, 100, and 150 μg/kg/day, respectively. A malformation characteristic of corticosteroids (cleft palate) was noted at the high dose in each species. Additional adverse effects were noted in rats and rabbits. Decreased fetal weights and retarded skeletal ossification were noted in rabbits at 4 μg/kg/day and rats at 100 μg/kg/day. Maternal toxicity and omphalocele were also noted in rats at 100 μg/kg/day. No malformations or developmental toxicity was noted in rabbits at 0.57 μg/kg/day, in rats at 10 μg/kg/day, or in mice at 15 μg/kg/day. Fluticasone propionate crossed the placenta following administration of a subcutaneous or an oral dose of 100 μg/kg tritiated fluticasone propionate to pregnant rats.
Teriflunomide tablets are an oral de novo pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor of the DHO-DH enzyme, with the chemical name (Z)-2-Cyano-3-hydroxy-but-2-enoic acid-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-amide. Its molecular weight is 270.21, and the empirical formula is C12H9F3N2O2 with the following chemical structure:

Teriflunomide is a white to almost white solid that is sparingly soluble in acetone.

Teriflunomide is formulated as film-coated tablets for oral administration. Teriflunomide tablets contain 7 mg or 14 mg of teriflunomide and the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, corn starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium starch glycolate. The film coating for the 7 mg and 14 tablets are made of FD&C blue #2/indigo carmine aluminum lake, glycerin, hypromellose, talc, and titanium dioxide. In addition to these, the 7 mg tablet film coating includes ferrosoferric oxide and the 14 mg tablet film coating includes FD&C blue #1/brilliant blue FCF aluminum lake and FD&C Red #40/allura red AC aluminum lake.
ReliaTect™ Post-Op Dressing will be applied as per the manufacturer's instructions intraoperatively. The dressing will be in place until the postoperative clinic visit on postoperative day 7.
Patients receive 2 doses (2nd dose optional) of gadoteridol IV and undergo MRI including DSC or DCE-CBV mapping over approximately 45-60 minutes on day 1. Within 3 days, patients receive 3 doses of ferumoxytol non-stoichiometric magnetite IV and undergo MRI including DSC and SS-CBV mapping after each dose over approximately 90 minutes. Patients undergo MRI without contrast 24 hours after ferumoxytol non-stoichiometric magnetite over approximately 30 minutes. This 3 day series of imaging repeats at different stages of disease and may be performed up to 5 times: prior to surgery, prior to chemoradiation therapy, 4-6 weeks post-chemoradiation therapy, at time of progression on gadolinium MRI per RANO criteria, and again at time of progression (if the previous time of progression showed pseudoprogression).
ANMUM In-Shape Nutritional Milk Powder for Active Mothers. The dose of the milk powder is 40g added to 200ml of drinkable water and will be taken twice a day.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Radiation-induced alopecia (RIA) is one of the most frequent and upsetting cosmetic side effects after radiotherapy (RT) for brain cancer. We report the incidence of RIA in a cohort of brain tumours patients treated with Proton Therapy (PT) and externally validate published NTCP models of grade 2 (G2) RIA for their implementation in clinical practice.
METHODS: Data for patients treated for brain tumours with scanning beam PT between 2018 and 2022 were extracted. Acute, late and permanent RIA events were evaluated according to CTCAE 5.0. Lyman-Kutcher-Burman (LKB) and multivariable logistic regression (MLR) published models were computed from the relative dose-surface histogram of the scalp. External validity of models was assessed in terms of discrimination and calibration.
RESULTS: In the 264 patients analysed, rates of any grade acute (≤90 days after PT completion), late (>90 days) and permanent RIA (persisting for> 12 months) were 61.8 %, 24.7 % and 14.4 %, respectively. In our independent cohort, LKB- and MLR-NTCP showed a good discrimination for G2 RIA (0.71≤ROC-AUC≤0.83) while model calibration was unsatisfactory possibly due to a different outcome evaluation between training and validation cohorts, as well as differences in clinical and treatment related variables between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the reasonable sensitivity and specificity of the NTCP models for RIA in the validation cohort, our study emphasizes the significance of differences between the cohorts utilized for model development and validation. Specifically, variations in the reporting of clinical outcomes inevitably jeopardize the validation of NTCP models. A standardize and objective RIA scoring system is essential.
1508681 Synthesis of ACTH-active peptides ARMOUR PHARMACEUTICAL CO 12 Feb 1975 [12 Feb 1974] 5960/75 Heading C3H Peptides having the structure H-Ser-Tyr- Ser - Met - Glu - His - Phe - Arg - Try - Gly- Lys(TFA) Pro - Val - Gly - Lys(TFA) - Lys- (TFA) - Arg - Arg - Pro - Val - Lys(TFA) - Val- Tyr - Pro Asp(X1) Y - Z - Glu - Asp - Glu- (X2) . Ser - Ala - Glu - Ala - Phe - Pro - Leu- Glu-Phe-OH wherein if X1 is H, then X2 is NH2, Y is Ala, Z is Gly if X1 is NH2, then X2 is H, Y is Gly, Z is Ala, TFA is the trifluoroacetyl radical may be prepared by binding N-protected phenylalanine to a polystyrene resin cross-linked with divinyl benzene, deprotecting the amine group, binding N-protected glutamic acid and repeating the process until the requisite peptide is obtained bonded to resin, with groups in the amino acid residues not taking part in peptide formation being optionally protected. Treatment of the resin-peptide with anhydrous hydrogen splits off the peptide, and removes any protecting groups except TFA. The amino protecting group is t-butoxycarbonyl, amyloxycarbonyl or o-nitrophenylsulphenyl, which may be removed by trifluoroacetic or hydrochloric acid, without affecting the other protecting groups. In the examples the serine, tyrosine, glutamic acid and aspartic acid residues are protected with benzyl or the p-methoxy, p-chloro or pnitro derivatives, or benzhydryl, which may optionally protect the tyrosine radical. The histamine residue is optionally protected with the above groups or with carbobenzyloxy, tosyl or dinitrophenyl. The arginine residue is protected by tosyl or nitro. The lysine residue is protected by trifluoroacetyl, or carbobenzyloxy or the 2-chloro, 2-bromo or 2,4-dichloro derivatives thereof. Treatment with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, where the lysine residue is not protected by TFA, yields the unprotected peptide, which may also be obtained by the treatment of the TFA derivative of the peptide with an aqueous base (e.g. piperidine, ammonium hydroxide).
PURPOSE:To obtain an offset quantity correction circuit having high accuracy with simple constitution by initializing the detection part of an X-ray CT device, and correcting by calculating data passing for a certain period and re-initialized data. CONSTITUTION:A switch 1a operates for a period of t0-t1 and that of t4-t5 so as to intialize, and an AD convertor 3 gives an output D1 of a detection circuit 1 when an input is not added for a computer 6 at a t2. D1/(t2-t1)=D2 is calculated, and stored in a characteristic memory 7. After the detection circuit 1 has been initialized at a period of t4-t5, an input is fed to the detection circuit 1 for a period of t6-t7, an output D3 is fed to the computer 6 at a t8, and D3- D2(t8-t5)=D4 is calculated. Assuming that t8-t5=t2-t1, then D4=D3-D1 is derived; therefore offset characteristic correction can be achieved extremely easily. Thus an offset quantity correction circuit, in which errors after correction is extremely small, can be obtained.
Conventional exercises used in the treatment of knee and hip osteoarthritis will be performed by the telerehabilitation method for 8 weeks. Patients will be contacted via laptop, ipad and phones with cameras, microphones and internet connection. Exercise by telerehabilitation will be implemented with a live connection for the first 4 weeks. In the second 4 week periods, exercise videos will be given to the patients and it will be checked by phone. Terminal knee extension, straight leg raise, heel slide, adductor isometric, bridge, mini squat, heel raise, lunge, range of motion and stretching exercises for lower extremities will be performed by the patients. Exercises will be applied 3 times a week.
OBJECTIVES: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death and poses significant challenges in diagnosis and management. Although muscle metastases are exceedingly rare and typically not the initial clinical manifestation of neoplastic processes, their recognition is crucial for optimal patient care.
CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case report in which we identify the unique scenario of a 60-year-old man with shoulder pain and a deltoid muscle mass, initially suggestive of an undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. However, further investigations, including radiological findings and muscle biopsy, revealed an unexpected primary lung adenocarcinoma. We performed a systematic literature search to identify the incidence of SMM and reflect on how to improve and build on better diagnosis for entities as atypical as this. This atypical presentation highlights the importance of recognizing and addressing cognitive biases in clinical decision-making, as acknowledging the possibility of uncommon presentations is vital. By embracing a comprehensive approach that combines imaging studies with histopathological confirmation, healthcare providers can ensure accurate prognoses and appropriate management strategies, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: This case serves as a reminder of the need to remain vigilant, open-minded, and aware of cognitive biases when confronted with uncommon clinical presentations, emphasizing the significance of early recognition and prompt evaluation in achieving optimal patient care.
can cause renal toxicity, including irreversible acute renal failure Methotrexate can cause renal toxicity, including irreversible acute renal failure [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.2)]. 

renal function at baseline, periodically during treatment and as clinically indicated. Withhold or discontinue Methotrexate Tablets for severe renal toxicity taking into account the importance of Methotrexate Tablet treatment in the context of the severity of the disease being treated, the severity of the adverse drug reaction, and availability of alternative therapy Monitor renal function at baseline, periodically during treatment and as clinically indicated. Withhold or discontinue Methotrexate Tablets for severe renal toxicity taking into account the importance of Methotrexate Tablet treatment in the context of the severity of the disease being treated, the severity of the adverse drug reaction, and availability of alternative therapy [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.6)]. 

glucarpidase in patients with toxic plasma methotrexate concentrations (> 1 micromole per liter) and delayed methotrexate clearance due to impaired renal function. Refer to the glucarpidase prescribing information for additional information. Administer glucarpidase in patients with toxic plasma methotrexate concentrations (> 1 micromole per liter) and delayed methotrexate clearance due to impaired renal function. Refer to the glucarpidase prescribing information for additional information.