anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Agent   
See BCG Prescribing Information for information on preparation and handling of BCG. 

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. The solution is clear to slightly opalescent and colorless to slightly yellow. Discard the vial if visible particles are observed.

Draw 0.4 mL of ANKTIVA into a small syringe and using aseptic technique add to the saline containing the BCG suspension that has been prepared following the instructions provided in the Prescribing Information for BCG. Mix the suspension gently. Using a 60-mL syringe connected to an appropriate size needle, withdraw the ANKTIVA BCG mixture to a final volume of 50 mL.

If the admixture of ANKTIVA in combination with BCG is not used immediately, store refrigerated at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) and use within 2 hours. Unused solution of admixture should be discarded after 2 hours.

Treatment   
The admixture of ANKTIVA in combination with BCG is instilled into the bladder via a catheter. After instillation is complete, the catheter is removed. The ANKTIVA in combination with BCG admixture is retained in the bladder for 2 hours and then voided. Patients unable to retain the suspension for 2 hours should be allowed to void sooner, if necessary. Do not repeat the dose if the patient voids before 2 hours. 

See BCG Prescribing Information for information on retention in the bladder and patient positioning during bladder instillation.
INTRODUCTION: Horseshoe kidney is often associated with ureteropelvic junction obstruction and nephrolithiasis. Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is becoming one of the main treatment options for large stones in such patients.
AIM: To study the results of RIRS in patients with horseshoe kidney.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between November 2016 and April 2021, 12 patients with stones in horseshoe kidney underwent RIRS in our clinic. There were 9 men and 3 women. The average age of the patients was 44.5+/-12.0 years, the size of the stone was 1.6 cm. In 9 patients, a solitary pelvic stone with a size of up to 2.0 cm was diagnosed, while in the remaining cases pelvic and lower calyx stones were found. In 7 (58.3%) patents, the stone was localized on the right, in 5 (41.7%) on the left side. Two patients had previously undergone unsuccessful percutaneous nephrolithotomy due to the impossibility of puncture of the collecting system. In addition, one patient underwent extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy. In all cases, RIRS was performed 2 weeks after ureteral prestenting. After removing the endoscope, a ureteral access sheath was insereted along the guidewire. A flexible ureteroscope was advanced into the collecting system, and an inspection was performed. When a stone was localized in the lower calyx, a Dormia basket was used to relocate it into the pelvis for more convenient lithotripsy and to avoid trauma to the distal part of the endoscope. Due to poor passage of fragments in horseshoe kidney, they were removed as much as possible after lithotripsy and a ureteral stent was put.
RESULTS: In all cases, RIRS with laser lithotripsy was done. The average operation time was 75+/-28 minutes. There were no intraoperative complications; postoperative fever was observed in 2 (16.7%) cases. After lithotripsy, all fragments were removed in 9 (75.0%) patients. In 3 (25.0%) patients, residual fragments were found. Repeated RIRS was performed in two cases; one patient refused repeat procedure. The efficiency of RIRS in patients with horseshoe kidney after two sessions was 91.7%.
CONCLUSION: Flexible RIRS with laser lithotripsy allows to remove stones in horseshoe kidney with high efficiency and a minimal rate of complications.
BACKGRUOUND: This study investigates the impact of fluctuating lipid levels on endothelial dysfunction.
METHODS: Human aortic and umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured under varying palmitic acid (PA) concentrations: 0, 50, and 100 μM, and in a variability group alternating between 0 and 100 μM PA every 8 hours for 48 hours. In the lipid variability group, cells were exposed to 100 μM PA during the final 8 hours before analysis. We assessed inflammation using real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels with dichlorofluorescin diacetate assay; mitochondrial function through oxygen consumption rates via XF24 flux analyzer; and endothelial cell functionality via wound healing and cell adhesion assays. Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT assay.
RESULTS: Variable PA levels significantly upregulated inflammatory genes and adhesion molecules (Il6, Mcp1, Icam, Vcam, E-selectin, iNos) at both transcriptomic and protein levels in human endothelial cells. Oscillating lipid levels reduced basal respiration, adenosine triphosphate synthesis, and maximal respiration, indicating mitochondrial dysfunction. This lipid variability also elevated ROS levels, contributing to a chronic inflammatory state. Functionally, these changes impaired cell migration and increased monocyte adhesion, and induced endothelial apoptosis, evidenced by reduced cell viability, increased BAX, and decreased BCL2 expression.
CONCLUSION: Lipid variability induce endothelial dysfunction by elevating inflammation and oxidative stress, providing mechanistic insights into how lipid variability increases cardiovascular risk.
Includes 26 healthy volunteers \>18 years of age without history of stroke or transient ischemic attack, coronary artery disease (prior myocardial infarction, typical angina, prior percutaneous coronary revascularization, and prior coronary bypass graft surgery), and peripheral arterial disease (claudication, peripheral arterial revascularization stenting of bypass surgery). Subjects will be recruited using advertisement flyers and emails.
The invention discloses an LSECtin and an application of a fusion protein thereof in preparing a medicine for suppressing the metastasis of cancer cells to the liver. The invention discovers that the LSECtin or the fusion protein containing the LSECtin can be applied to the preparation of the medicine for suppressing the metastasis of the cancer cells to the liver. The invention also provides a medicine for suppressing the hepatic metastases of colon cancer. The active component of the medicine is the LSECtin or the fusion protein containing the LSECtin. The LSECtin protein and the fusion protein thereof can adhere to the cells of the colon cancer and suppress the homing migration of the cells of the colon cancer to the liver, thereby becoming a novel drug target for treating the hepatic metastases of tumors in an adhesion resisting way possibly. The invention has enormous social meaning and economic value.
This disclosure relates to compositions and methods for recruiting brown adipocytes in vitro and in vivo from brown adipocyte progenitor cells found in human skeletal muscle. Methods for treating metabolic disease are also provided. Additionally, methods for treating hypothermia are provided. In some embodiments, the brown adipocyte recruiter is a human protein or peptide. In other embodiments the brown adipocyte recruiter may be a non-human protein or peptide. In still other embodiments, the brown adipocyte recruiter is a small molecule or natural product.
The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating senile acute myelogenous leukemia, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 13-17 parts of radix pseudostellariae, 18-22 parts of radix rehmanniae, 0.1-0.5 part of realgar, 10-14 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 10-14 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome and 4-8 parts of honey-fried licorice root. The invention provides a preparation method of a traditional Chinese medicine composition and application of the traditional Chinese medicine composition in preparing medicines for treating senile acute myeloid leukemia. The treatment principle of the invention is to replenish qi, nourish yin, detoxify and activate blood. The prescription of the invention aims at the pathogenesis of the deficiency of qi and yin and the accumulation of toxin and blood stasis of the aged acute myelogenous leukemia patients. Radix pseudostellariae, radix rehmanniae and the like are monarch drugs of the prescription, and respectively have the effects of strengthening spleen, tonifying qi, nourishing yin and promoting fluid production; the realgar has the effects of detoxification, cancer resistance, dampness elimination, phlegm elimination, blood stasis removal, tissue regeneration promotion, hemostasis and blood replenishing and is taken as a ministerial drug; the bighead atractylodes rhizome is used as an adjuvant drug for assisting in strengthening spleen and tonifying qi; licorice root, radix Glycyrrhizae regulates the action of other drugs and is used as a guiding drug. The whole formula has the effects of tonifying qi and yin, detoxifying and activating blood, has mild integral property, and can be used for both reinforcing and reducing, and the principal and secondary aspects of the disease are taken into consideration.
Patients receive oral anastrozole and oral gefitinib once daily on days 1-28. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Subjects whose initial liver biopsy samples meet certain lab values will be placed in Arm 1. Each participant assigned to Arm 1 will receive imatinib mesylate for 28 days, followed by a combination of imatinib mesylate and panitumumab.
The present invention relates to an apparatus for processing data associated with a surgical event of a surgical procedure, which may include a processor. The processor may be configured to receive a plurality of data streams during the surgical event. The processor may be configured to select the primary data stream based on a surgical data interface used to receive the primary data stream. The processor may be configured to select the auxiliary data stream based on a surgical data interface used to receive the second data stream. The processor may be configured to identify the surgical data interface. The processor may be configured to generate context data associated with the primary data stream based on the secondary data stream. The context data may be indicative of medical decision-making factors of the surgical event. The primary data stream and the contextual data may be transmitted during the surgical event.
Advanced endoscopic imaging can facilitate the characterisation of neoplastic and non-neoplastic polyps. Accurate identification of small non-neoplastic polyps (e.g. rectosigmoid hyperplastic polyps) that do not harbour malignant potential can lead to future implementation of a 'resect and discard' or 'diagnose and leave' strategy. However, there is insufficient evidence that endoscopists are able to attain high enough levels of optical diagnostic performance in-vivo in order to implement this strategy safely. Blue Light Imaging (BLI) is a new enhanced imaging technology that enhances mucosal surface and vessel patterns. A specific BLI classification was recently developed to enable better characterisation of colorectal polyps (BLI Adenoma Serrated International Classification - BASIC). The use of this technology with the appropriate classification to enhance its performance has not yet been tested in clinical settings of polyp surveillance and screening colonoscopy amongst general endoscopists.

BLAST is a multicentre prospective observational study which will compare BLI optical diagnosis with histological assessment (as a reference standard) for patients with small polyps (\<10mm) identified at colonoscopy.
A new and improved method for extending the half life of pharmaceutical compounds for use in diagnostic imaging or therapy uses a novel linker to attach a diagnostic or therapeutic moiety to a targeting peptide or another diagnostic or therapeutic moiety. The resulting compound may have the general formula M-N—O—P-Q, wherein M is the diagnostic or therapeutic moiety, N—O—P is the linker of the present invention, and Q is the targeting peptide. In another embodiment the compounds may have the formula M-N—O—P-M, wherein M is independently a diagnostic or therapeutic moiety and N—O—P is the linker of the invention. Methods for imaging or treating a patient using the compounds of the invention are also provided. Methods and kits for preparing a diagnostic imaging agent from the compound are further provided. Methods for radiotherapy of a patient using the compounds are further provided, as are methods for preparing a radiotherapeutic agent from the compounds.
Administration of up to 1 liter doses of Hyperpolarized Xenon gas during MRI to optimize acquisition of images for adults vs. proton MR imaging. These scans, utilizing volunteers for calibration, may be utilized through this study to optimize the scan details.
Iovera° device presurgical cryoneurolysis treatment, 5 (+/- 2) days prior to TKA. Additionally, all participants received treatment as per all the standard pre-, peri-, and post-operative surgical protocols.
In this prospective cohort pilot study, eligible critically ill children aged 3 to 17 years will receive in addition to their usual care, a passive and/or an active mobility intervention, depending on their level of consciousness or cognitive ability. The active intervention will consist of an interactive video game (X Box 360 Kinect), while a cycle ergometer will be used as the passive intervention. The mobility interventions will be applied for a minimum of 10 minutes on day 1, and 20 minutes on day 2. For unconscious patients, or eligible patients who cognitively impaired, the passive intervention will be applied. As soon as the patient is conscious and cooperative, the active intervention will be applied.

The primary outcomes of interest in this pilot study are feasibility (defined as the ability to screen and enroll patients, consent rate and protocol adherence). Secondary outcomes of interest include safety outcomes, clinical outcomes and patient and caregiver satisfaction with the intervention.
A method for making a solid pharmaceutical and/or nutritional dosage form that is suitable for oral administration. A prescribed dosage of a pharmaceutical or active substance (including either or both of a vitamin and mineral) is mixed with a carrier or base material comprising cohesive lecithin granules or powder. The resulting combination is blended into a substantially homogeneous mixture having a plastic consistency that is characteristic of the lecithin. The mixture is then shaped into a desired solid form by a conventional technique, such as, for example, that including either extruding, molding, or rolling. The shaped form is then cut into a plurality of convenient, swallowable dosage units ready for packaging and distribution. The dosage units may be coated, so as to be provided with a finished appearance and resistance to moisture.
Ifosfamide Injection is available in single-dose vials as follows:

NDC 0143-9531-01 – 1 g/20 mL Single Dose Vial of ifosfamide; individually-boxed.

NDC 0143-9530-01 – 3 g/60 mL Single Dose Vial of ifosfamide; individually-boxed.

Store in a refrigerator 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). See USP.

Exercise caution when handling ifosfamide. The handling and preparation of ifosfamide should always be in accordance with current guidelines on safe handling of cytotoxic agents. Several guidelines on this subject have been published.1-4 Skin reactions associated with accidental exposure to ifosfamide may occur. To minimize the risk of dermal exposure, always wear impervious gloves when handling vials and solutions containing ifosfamide. If ifosfamide solution contacts the skin or mucosa, immediately wash the skin thoroughly with soap and water or rinse the mucosa with copious amounts of water.
In the non-treatment respite care centers, an Enhanced Usual Condition will be delivered to caregivers of People with Dementia (PWD). This program consists of enhanced training in caregiving using components from a module of the evidence-based Savvy Caregiver program (K. Hepburn) given in a group setting with opportunity for a question and answer period; the program is given for new enrollees and every 6 months. The PI (EJA), the nutritionist (KM) or the Program Manager (MCP) will lead these groups. Weight of the PWD is measured initially and monthly (x5); amount of food consumed will be measured using the Samsung tablets, also initially and monthly (x5).
The immune system is a major regulatory system of the body, that is composed of immune cells, immune organs, and related signaling factors. As an organism ages, observable age-related changes in the function of the immune system accumulate in a process described as 'immune aging. Research has shown that the impact of aging on immunity is detrimental, with various dysregulated responses that affect the function of immune cells at the cellular level. For example, increased aging has been shown to result in the abnormal chemotaxis of neutrophils and decreased phagocytosis of macrophages. Age-related diminished functionality of immune cell types has direct effects on host fitness, leading to poorer responses to vaccination, more inflammation and tissue damage, as well as autoimmune disorders and the inability to control infections. Similarly, age impacts the function of the immune system at the organ level, resulting in decreased hematopoietic function in the bone marrow, a gradual deficiency of catalase in the thymus, and thymic atrophy, resulting in reduced production of related immune cells such as B cells and T cells, further increasing the risk of autoimmune disorders in the elderly. As the immune function of the body weakens, aging cells and inflammatory factors cannot be cleared, resulting in a cycle of increased inflammation that accumulates over time. Cumulatively, the consequences of immune aging increase the likelihood of developing age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, and osteoporosis, among others. Therefore, targeting the age-related changes that occur within cells of the immune system might be an effective anti-aging strategy. In this article, we summarize the relevant literature on immune aging research, focusing on its impact on aging, in hopes of providing new directions for anti-aging research.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Daprodustat is a first-in-class hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (HIF-PHI) approved in the USA for treatment of anemia owing to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dialysis-dependent adults and in Japan for treatment of CKD in dialysis- and non-dialysis dependent adults. This analysis characterized the population pharmacokinetics (PopPK) of daprodustat in adults with CKD and evaluated the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors.
METHODS: This PopPK analysis included data from one phase 2B and four phase 3 studies comprising 707 CKD subjects dose titrated to prespecified target hemoglobin levels with daprodustat doses ranging from 1 to 24 mg once daily and 2 to 48 mg given three times a week (TIW). Model development leveraged a previous phase 1/2 PopPK model. Stepwise covariate analysis included 20 extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Model evaluation used standard goodness-of-fit and visual predictive checks.
RESULTS: Daprodustat PopPK was adequately characterized using a three-compartment distribution model with first-order elimination. The absorption phase was described using five transit compartments. Oral clearance and volume of distribution was 24.6 L/h and 26.9 L, respectively. Body weight dependence (with fixed allometric coefficients) of clearance and volume terms was a statistically significant covariate. Concomitant use of clopidogrel (moderate CYP2C8 inhibitor) decreased oral clearance, resulting in higher area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) ratio of 1.59 (90% CI: 1.39-1.82), subjects' dialysis status (non-dialysis versus dialysis) had an effect on absorption, with Cmax ratio of 1.19 (90% CI: 1.09-1.30). None of the other investigated intrinsic or extrinsic covariates, including concomitant administration with phosphate binders, oral iron and acid reducing agents resulted in a significant change in daprodustat systemic exposure.
CONCLUSION: The PopPK of daprodustat in the CKD population with anemia was adequately characterized. Allometrically-scaled body weight on clearance and volume, dialysis status on absorption and clopidogrel on clearance were statistically significant covariates.
To date, no specific therapeutic strategy has been proposed for platelet refractoriness, in cancer patients who are both at high risk of bleeding and thrombosis. Interestingly, fibrinogen is a critical hemostatic protein required for both prevention and treatment of bleeding as it provides a matrix and mesh network essential for clot formation, amplification and strength. Fibrinogen repletion, primarily with the use of fibrinogen concentrates for acquired bleeding, has been reported in clinical settings including surgery, trauma, and obstetrics. However, its use as adjuvant therapy for patients requiring massive transfusion is not yet a widely approved indication, especially in hematological patients. Therefore, the evidence regarding timing, efficacy and safety of fibrinogen administration in massively transfused hematological patients is scarce. This study aims at evaluating whether fibrinogen administration to transfused and refractory patients with on-going bleeding could affect the viscoelastic test of clotting function.
The invention relates to the technical field of medicines, and specifically relates to a medicine used for treating breast milk lack or no breast milk. The medicine is composed of the components of, by weight: 14.7 parts of ligusticum, 11.03 parts of white peony root, 5.14 parts of Chinese thorowax root, 5.14 parts of immature tangerine fruit, 11.03 parts of snakegourd root, 11.03 parts of common swisscentaury root, 5.14 parts of balloonflower root, 3.67 parts of ricepaperplant pith, 11.03 parts of pangolin scale, 11.03 parts of cowherb seed, and 11.03 parts of creeping liriope. The medicine is prepared into granules or oral liquid with convention traditional Chinese medicine preparation methods. The medicine is taken 3 times a day (a dose each time is equivalent to 50g water decoction of the raw materials), and a treatment course comprises 5 days. The medicine provided by the invention can be used for treating breast milk lack or no breast milk diseases caused by liver-depression qi-stagnation. The medicine has the functions of liver soothing, qi regulating, collateral activating, and breast milk enhancing. According to a clinical statistics of 102 patients, with one treatment course of the medicine provided by the invention, an effective rate is 93.6%, and a curative rate is 83.6%.