anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Prevention of neonatal bilirubin injury exemplifies success of systems approach to avert adverse neonatal and childhood outcomes that rely on strategies including prenatal identification of Rhesus sensitization, universal maternal blood typing, risk assessment for neonatal extreme hyperbilirubinemia (EHB), unfettered access to safe, effective phototherapy, and application of patient safety principles. India's diverse landscape suggests varied real-time experiences of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and consequent infant mortality rates (IMR). Utilizing Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, the authors examined national and subnational trends, infant mortality timing, and the disease burden from hemolytic and perinatal jaundice over 30 y (1999 to 2019). They also assessed the correlation of EHB-IMR with socio-demographic index and health expenditure per capita, estimating economic losses from EHB-related infant mortality to guide policy decisions at national and state domains. From 1990 to 2019, India delivered 811,078,415 livebirths of which, 1,189,856 infant deaths were due to EHB. EHB-related deaths decreased from 57,773 in 1990 to 19,664 in 2019, a 60% reduction vs. 40% in overall IMR. Early (0-6 d), late (7-27 d), and post-neonatal (28-364 d) deaths accounted for 61%, 34%, and 5% of mortality, respectively. Uttar Pradesh and Bihar contributed to 38% of all EHB deaths. Economic analysis estimate losses between US $7.2 and 11.7 billion for the year 2019 secondary to EHB-related mortality. The present analysis reveals consistent declines across all states to reach current EHB-IMR of 0.8 per 1,000 live-births in India by 2019. Significant economic impact of lost human productivity highlight ongoing need for targeted life-saving public health strategies.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of chronic diseases with global prevalence, characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from various etiologies. DM can harm various organ systems and lead to acute or chronic complications, which severely endanger human well-being. Traditional treatment mainly involves controlling blood sugar levels through replacement therapy with drugs and insulin; however, some patients still find a satisfactory curative effect difficult to achieve. Extensive research has demonstrated a close correlation between enteric dysbacteriosis and the pathogenesis of various types of DM, paving the way for novel therapeutic approaches targeting the gut microbiota to manage DM. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a method for re-establishing the intestinal microbiome balance, offers new possibilities for treating diabetes. This article provides a comprehensive review of the correlation between DM and the gut microbiota, as well as the current advancements in FMT treatment for DM, using FMT as an illustrative example. This study aims to offer novel perspectives and establish a theoretical foundation for the clinical diagnosis and management of DM.
Will use 1 pouch of commercially available moist oral snuff and will chew gum (sham moist snuff). Each intervention will last 30 minutes, and each will take place one time, on one of 2 study visits, in random order.
High mammographic density (HMD) is the strongest risk factor for non-familial breast cancer apart from age and gender. Studies of sisters and twins suggest that approximately 67% of the variation in density is attributable to common genetic factors. However, to date, efforts to identify genetic determinants of HMD have achieved limited success. We and others (Boyd et al Lancet Oncol 2009) postulate that this lack of progress in identifying genetic determinants of density is related to a failure to study younger women and misclassification of density. As women age, their breast tissues undergo atrophy, which is manifested radiologically as a decrease in mammographic density, resulting in a convergence of density values and a masking of inter-person variation. This protocol is intended to demonstrate the feasibility of methods that we plan to use in a full-scale analysis of mammographic density among women under age 50 years who receive care at the University of Vermont, Fletcher Allen Health Care (FAHC) and have been followed through the Vermont Breast Cancer Surveillance System (VBCSS).

The study capitalizes on infrastructure that has been established through the BREAST Stamp project that is being carried out in two phases: phase one is a feasibility study: specifically, we propose to demonstrate that we can use a mailing to collect Oragene tube format saliva collection kits as a source of germline DNA and a short self-administered questionnaire. We have completed the phase one feasibility portion of the protocol, which targeted 200 women by mail. As of January 25, 2011, of the 200 that were mailed invitations, 195 women were contacted (5 subjects forms were returned because of bad addresses), and 106 women enrolled. We are currently analyzing data from this feasibility study to determine participation rates, quality of completed questionnaires and saliva samples, and frequencies and distributions of key risk factors and demographics of participants. This collection of specimens and data will be used to inform the launch of phase two, the full-scale study to identify determinants of mammographic volumetric density among 10,000 women less than 50 years of age for whom raw images and density data are already collected.
Motivational and Behavioral Counseling (MBC). Varenicline 2 mg daily for 12 weeks.
P-IL-2 injection was injected intravenously, the screening period was 28 days, and the DLT observation period was 28 days from the beginning of the first infusion (including the day of administration). After the end of the DLT observation period, subjects can continue to receive treatment on a voluntary basis. The safety follow-up after drug withdrawal was carried out 28 days after the last medication. During the survival follow-up after drug withdrawal, imaging examination and survival information were collected every 12 weeks as far as possible within 2 years after drug withdrawal, until the subjects developed disease or received other anti-tumor specific therapy. Subjects with disease progression or other treatment received telephone survival follow-up every 12 weeks. After 2 years of drug withdrawal, telephone survival follow-up was conducted every 12 weeks according to the wishes of the subjects.
The infant that is randomized to the HFNC therapy arm 2 will be placed on high flow at 1.5 L/kg/min (up to a maximum of 20 L/min) on fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 21 %. They will remain on FiO2 of 21% for a minimum of 10 minutes while monitoring SpO2. If SpO2 is \<90%, FiO2 will be slowly increased to maintain SpO2 ≥ 90 %.
This arm constituted of randomly selected 30 participants. In this group professional mechanical tooth cleaning (PMTC)+fluoride varnish were performed.
This observational, longitudinal prospective cohort study will evaluate whether medical gender affirmation delivered in primary care improves HIV-related outcomes for transgender patients. Medical gender affirmation therapies-hormones and surgical interventions-are medically necessary treatments shown to improve psychological functioning and quality of life for transgender patients. It is not yet known whether these treatments improve HIV-related outcomes over time because studies providing the best evidence of medical gender affirmation's clinical effectiveness do not examine HIV-related outcomes in transgender adult patients. To fill this gap, the proposed study will prospectively evaluate the effects of medical gender affirmation delivered in primary care on HIV-related outcomes in a multi-site clinic-based cohort of 4,500 diverse transgender patients from two urban U.S. health centers who are leaders in transgender healthcare. Transgender adult primary care patients at Fenway Health in Boston, MA and Callen-Lorde Community Health Center in New York City, NY will be enrolled over 12 months and followed prospectively for 12 months. Bio-behavioral data will be linked, including electronic patient-reported outcomes (baseline, 6-month, 12-month assessments), and electronic health record (EHR) data.
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Clinical symptoms that patients may present with include: hematemesis, coffee-ground emesis, melena, and hematochezia. Clinical signs can range from tachycardia to shock. The anatomical landmark that differentiates upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeds from lower bleeds is the ligament of Treitz. The first steps of treating a patient who presents with signs of UGIB are resuscitation with appropriate fluids and blood products as necessary. The consideration of endoscopy and the urgency at which it should be performed is also vital during initial resuscitation. Endoscopic therapy should ideally be performed within 24 hours of presentation after initial stabilization with crystalloids and blood products. Intravenous proton pump inhibitors are the mainstay in the initial management of upper GI bleeding from a non-variceal etiology, and they should be administered in the acute setting to decrease the probability of high-risk stigmata seen during endoscopy. Pro-kinetic agents can be given 30 minutes to an hour before endoscopy and may aid in the diagnosis of UGIB. There are 3 broad categories of endoscopic management for UGIB: injection, thermal, and mechanical. Each endoscopic method can be used alone or in combination with others; however, the injection technique with epinephrine should always be used in conjunction with another method to increase the success of achieving hemostasis. In this review article, we will review the steps of triage and initial resuscitation in UGIB, causes of UGIB and their respective management, several endoscopic techniques and their effectiveness, and prognosis with a primary focus limited to non-variceal bleeding.
The recommended starting dose of atorvastatin calcium tablet is 10 mg/day; the usual dose range is 10 to 20 mg orally once daily [see Clinical Studies ( Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.)].  Doses should be individualized according to the recommended goal of therapy [see Indications and Usage ( Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.) and Clinical Pharmacology ( Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.)].  Adjustments should be made at intervals of 4 weeks or more.
The limits of the standard, behaviour-based clinical assessment of patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC) prompted the employment of functional neuroimaging, neurometabolic, neurophysiological and neurostimulation techniques, to detect brain-based covert markers of awareness. However, uni-modal approaches, consisting in employing just one of those techniques, are usually not sufficient to provide an exhaustive exploration of the neural underpinnings of residual awareness. This systematic review aimed at collecting the evidence from studies employing a multimodal approach, that is, combining more instruments to complement DoC diagnosis, prognosis and better investigating their neural correlates. Following the PRISMA guidelines, records from PubMed, EMBASE and Scopus were screened to select peer-review original articles in which a multi-modal approach was used for the assessment of adult patients with a diagnosis of DoC. Ninety-two observational studies and 32 case reports or case series met the inclusion criteria. Results highlighted a diagnostic and prognostic advantage of multi-modal approaches that involve electroencephalography-based (EEG-based) measurements together with neuroimaging or neurometabolic data or with neurostimulation. Multimodal assessment deepened the knowledge on the neural networks underlying consciousness, by showing correlations between the integrity of the default mode network and the different clinical diagnosis of DoC. However, except for studies using transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with electroencephalography, the integration of more than one technique in most of the cases occurs without an a priori-designed multi-modal diagnostic approach. Our review supports the feasibility and underlines the advantages of a multimodal approach for the diagnosis, prognosis and for the investigation of neural correlates of DoCs.
Background and Rationale: The development of personalized medicine in oncology has so far relied on the use of somatic biomarkers to inform the therapist about the choice of the molecule or molecules to be administered based on the genetic and molecular profile of each blood disease. In this project, we propose to extend the therapeutic individualization strategy targeting dosage domain. Today, cytarabine is one of two pillars of the treatment of leukemia Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in combination with an anthracycline plus cytarabine ("3 + 7" therapeutic scheme) during the induction course and usually during monotherapy consolidation treatments. According to the treatment regimens and protocols, cytarabine is prescribed at a standard dose (SD = 100-200mg / m² / day), intermediate dose (ID = 1 to 1.5 g / 12H for all 3 days) or high dose (DH = 2 to 3 g / m² every 12H during 3 days). The choice between these different dose levels remains highly debated (Lowenberg et al. 2013) with a very narrow risk-benefit balance. Indeed, the various cooperative groups compared two dose regimens with factors between the minimum dose and maximum ranging from 1.7 times to 34 times between groups (Ex Australian arm group 1400 mg / m vs 48 000 mg / m cumulative dose cytarabine ). The magnitude of unmatched dose differentials illustrates the complexity of understanding and apprehension of this pivotal molecule for the treatment of AML. Despite the many studies that focused on the optimal dose of cytarabine ranging from 1400 mg / m² to 90 000 mg / m² (German group) (including currently French Intergroup of leukemia-ALFA FILO adult under the BIG1 protocol), none evaluated the relevance of the a priori individual dose adjustment depending on the pharmacogenetic patient data. In current practice, the doses are adapted a posteriori, and reduced empirically following the observed toxicity of occurrence (20% of patients) (Lowenberg et al. 2013). This adaptation a posteriori is a loss of opportunity for the patient. Similarly, under dosed patients for fear of toxicity is also another lost chance. Our hypothesis is that the optimal cytarabine dose depends not only on the characteristics of the patient's pathology (risk groups including cytogenetic data, biology, molecular), but also the patient's individual characteristics (genetic status of metabolic enzymes and carriers). A mathematical model of PK / PD kind could, based on early observations of circulating levels, be able to quickly predict the pharmacodynamic effect in each patient, allowing a rapid individualization of dosages. Such a tool could enable, in future, to propose dose adjustments early after initiation of treatment before the onset of toxicity, predicting that exposure levels of cytarabine correlate with the patient's clinical evolution.
Following a protocol amendment, this study resumed recruitment from April 10 to September 4, 2009. This is a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, active-comparator, multi-center study. The study consists of 5 phases: pretreatment (screening), double-blind titration phase, double blind maintenance phase, a transition phase, and an open-label phase. Patients who are not eligible or choose not to enter the transition and open-label phases of the study will complete an exit phase following double-blind treatment.The primary outcome variable is long term retention rate and safety of adjunctive therapy with carisbamate vs. topiramate and levetiracetam over a six month period. This primary endpoint is a clinically meaningful measure of efficacy, safety and tolerability over time, reflecting the therapeutic effectiveness of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Safety evaluations including adverse event monitoring, blood tests, and vital signs will be conducted throughout the study.The hypothesis is that the 3 study medications at a minimum will have similar treatment retention rates, but based on their distinct efficacy and side effect profiles, will have discernible differences in the rates of selected adverse events and reasons for treatment discontinuation in patients with partial onset siezures. Patients must be on at least 1, but not more than 2, baseline AEDs for 30 days prior to screening. By end of week 8 patients must have reached the following minimum dosages of study drug to be permitted to continue: carisbamate 400 mg/day, topiramate 200 mg/day, or levetiracetam 1000 mg/day. Double-blind phases last approximately 12 months. Carisbamate 800 mg/day, topiramate 300 mg/day and levetiracetam 2000mg/day will be administered orally in two equally divided doses.
Within 6-12 weeks after surgery, patients receive regorafenib PO QD on days 1-21. Courses repeat every 28 days for up to 1 year in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Patients will be instructed to continue current antidiabetic treatment, which should be kept unchanged throughout the trial, and start treatment with Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and Bacillus Cereus Tablets, Live (Siliankang) 3 tablets p.o. tid for 12 weeks.
Patient is turned into prone position and the desired calyx is punctured by 4.8F microperc under fluoroscopic or sonographic guidance. No tract dilation is needed. A 200um holmium laser fiber will be used to break stone into less than 2mm. Pull out microperc without drainage tube left.
Pentylenetetrazole- (PTZ)-induced kindling is a broadly used experimental model to evaluate the impact of antiseizure drugs and their novel combination on seizure progression. The current study aimed to evaluate the anti-kindling effects of ivermectin (IVM) and rufinamide (RUFI) alone and their combination with vitamin E. The mice were administered 11 injections of PTZ (40 mg/kg) followed by assessment for anxiety-like behavior and cognitive abilities in a series of behavior tests with subsequent brain isolation for biochemical and histopathological evaluation. The outcomes showed a marked protection by IVM + RUFI (P<0.001) from kindling progression, anxiety-like behavior and cognitive deficit. However, additional supplementation with vitamin E worked superior to duo therapy as these mice were noted to be most fearless to visiting open, illuminated and elevated zones of open field, light/dark and elevated-plus maze (P<0.0001). Further, they showed marked remembrance of the familiar milieu in y-maze (P<0.01) and novel objection recognition (P<0.05) tests. Additionally, their recollection of aversive stimuli in passive avoidance and spatial memory in Morris water maze were evident (P<0.0001), in comparison to kindled mice. The IVM + RUFI duo therapy and its co-administration with vitamin E prevented kindling-triggered oxidative stress in brains and neuronal damage in hippocampus. We conclude that the benefits of the co-administration of vitamin E might be the results of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin E which might be potentiating the antiseizure effects of RUFI and GABA-A modulating potential by ivermectin.
Virtual reality based cognitive-motor balance (VR-CogMoBal) training will be delivered using the commercially available Wii-Fit Nintendo in conjunction with cognitive training. All participants will undergo 12 sessions of training in a tapering manner for four weeks with 90 minutes of training per session, i.e., 5 sessions for the first week, 3 sessions for the second week, and 2 sessions for the third and fourth week. Each session will be divided into 3 sub-sessions, where each sub-session will consist of playing 4 games in conjunction with cognitive task. All the games will be performed using a Wii-Fit balance board in front of a TV screen.
Lazertinib 240 mg will be administered orally once. Participants will receive amivantamab, 1050 mg or 1400 mg depending on the body weight as an IV infusion. Participants benefiting from study treatment after primary analysis may continue to receive access to study treatment within the study by transferring to the LTE Phase.
To date, conservative complex physical decongestion therapy (CDT) is the gold standard for BCRL (breast cancer related lymphedema) and includes manual lymphatic drainage, local compression with bandages and garments, physical exercises and meticulous skin care. It is, however, too often ineffective to prevent stage progression in curing BCRL and purely symptomatic. Lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) and vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) are two surgical techniques that, in contrast to CDT, are able to actually address the underlying causes and eventually restore the lymphatic drainage. LVA achieves this by creating numerous bypasses between lymphatic vessels and venules allowing the drainage of excessive fluid within the subcutaneous tissues into the venous system, while VLNT usually brings functioning lymph nodes to an area devoid of lymph nodes or with dysfunctional lymph nodes, thus enabling the spontaneous development of new lymphatic pathways. Both techniques have shown very promising results with low complication rates and improved Quality of Life (QoL) for the patients. However, no multicentric randomized controlled trial (RCT) has yet prospectively evaluated the superiority of these surgical techniques over CDT alone, limiting patient's access to most effective treatment available. Requests for cost reimbursement must still be submitted to insurance companies in most countries and are often rejected, thus delaying surgical treatment and resulting in prolonged suffering of affected patients. This is untenable seeing as affected patients suffer from a heavy physical, psychological and financial burden. This pragmatic, randomized, multicenter trial aims to establish a solid scientific basis assessing the superiority of surgical treatment over CDT alone.
The adverse reactions for Transderm Scōp are provided separately for patients with motion sickness and with post-operative nausea and vomiting.

Motion Sickness: In motion sickness clinical studies of Transderm Scōp, the most frequent adverse reaction was dryness of the mouth. This occurred in about two thirds of patients on drug. A less frequent adverse drug reaction was drowsiness, which occurred in less than one sixth of patients on drug. Transient impairment of eye accommodation, including blurred vision and dilation of the pupils, was also observed.

Post-operative Nausea and Vomiting: In a total of five clinical studies in which Transderm Scōp was administered perioperatively to a total of 461 patients and safety was assessed, dry mouth was the most frequently reported adverse drug experience, which occurred in approximately 29% of patients on drug. Dizziness was reported by approximately 12% of patients on drug6.

Postmarketing and Other Experience: In addition to the adverse experiences reported during clinical testing of Transderm Scōp, the following are spontaneously reported adverse events from postmarketing experience. Because the reports cite events reported spontaneously from worldwide postmarketing experience, frequency of events and the role of Transderm Scōp in their causation cannot be reliably determined: acute angle-closure (narrow-angle) glaucoma; confusion; difficulty urinating; dry, itchy, or conjunctival injection of eyes; restlessness; hallucinations; memory disturbances; rashes and erythema; and transient changes in heart rate.

Drug Withdrawal/Post-Removal Symptoms: Symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and headache occur following abrupt discontinuation of antimuscarinics. Similar symptoms, including disturbances of equilibrium, have been reported in some patients following discontinuation of use of the Transderm Scōp system. These symptoms usually do not appear until 24 hours or more after the patch has been removed. Some symptoms may be related to adaptation from a motion environment to a motion-free environment. More serious symptoms including muscle weakness, bradycardia and hypotension may occur following discontinuation of Transderm Scōp.