anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Pragmatic, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized parallel-group, two-arm clinical trial (with allocation ratio 1:1), evaluating hydroxychloroquine (800 mg at 1st day, and 400 mg from day 2 to 7) for prevention of hospitalization and respiratory complications in non-hospitalized confirmed or suspected COVID-19 cases. Key inclusion criteria are adults (equal to or greater tahn 18 years) seeking medical care with suspected or confirmed COVID-19, with time between symptoms and inclusion ≤ 07 days, presenting mild symptoms, without indication of hospitalization and at least one risk factor for complication (\> 65 years; hypertension; diabetes mellitus; asthma; Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) or other chronic lung diseases; smoking; immunosuppression; obesity (Defined as BMI equal to or greater than 30 Kg/m2). Primary endpoint is to assess if the treatment with hydroxychloroquine is able to avoid hospitalization due to a COVID-19-related clinical reason within 30 days of randomization in an outpatient setting. Hospitalization is considered to be hospital stay for a period \> 24h or an additional hospitalized calendar day. The primary endpoint is centrally adjudicated by an independent clinical events committee blinded to the assigned treatment groups. Secondary endpoints include uncontrolled asthma after ≥ 5 days of starting study medication; pneumonia; otitis media; fever resolution time; time to improve respiratory symptoms; hospitalization in the Intensive Care Unit; need for orotracheal intubation; mechanical ventilation time; mortality. Safety outcomes will be hypoglycemia; palpitations; reduced visual acuity; diarrhea; anorexia; and emotional lability. The evaluation of the primary outcome (hospitalization within 30 days) will be performed for the included population following the principle of intention-to-treat (ITT), which will consist of all randomized cases. A modified intention-to-treat analysis (mITT), in which cases definitely confirmed as negative for COVID-19 will be excluded, will also be performed.
This study aimed to investigate changes in hand sensation (finger tactile threshold and two-point discrimination) and function in patients with malignant lymphoma, particularly during the early stages of chemotherapy with vincristine. Eighteen patients with malignant lymphoma were enrolled in this study. Data on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4.0, the visual analog scale for hand numbness, the Semmes Weinstein monofilament test, static and moving two-point discrimination (2PD), grip strength, pinch strength, and the Purdue Pegboard test were collected at 3 time points: before the start of chemotherapy (T0), after the first cycle of chemotherapy (T1), and after the second cycle of chemotherapy (T2). No significant changes were observed in Semmes Weinstein monofilament test at T0, T1, or T2 in either hand. However, the static 2PD was significantly worse for the right ring, little, and left middle fingers, whereas the moving 2PD was significantly worse for the right ring, left index, middle, and ring fingers. Furthermore, the visual analog scale scores for hand numbness and left-hand grip strength worsened significantly. Right-hand grip strength, pinch strength of both hands, and Purdue Pegboard test showed no significant deterioration. Chemotherapy with vincristine may affect hand sensation and function in patients with malignant lymphoma by exacerbating finger 2PD and hand numbness. Additionally, during the early stages of vincristine chemotherapy, it is important to monitor for a decrease in grip strength specifically in the left hand.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject contrast medium capable of manifesting functions to target a specific site in a body by making magnetic substance particles adsorbed onto the surfaces of microbubbles coated with a carboxylic salt. SOLUTION: Magnetic substance particles [preferably γ-Fe2O3, a high Hc type γ-Fe2O3 (Fe3O4), a Co-containing γ-Fe2O3, etc.], are adsorbed onto the surfaces of microbubbles coated with a carboxylic salt (preferably sodium laurate, sodium myristate, sodium palmitate, etc.). The contrast medium is preferably used by coating the magnetic substance particles with a cationic surfactant. The movement of the contrast medium can be controlled by an external magnetic field. Thereby, the microbubbles can timely be introduced into sites causing problems in a human body, e.g. specific regions such as tumors in various kinds of internal organs or early cancers and diseases can accurately be observed and diagnosed by ultrasonic waves.
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), prevalently affecting individuals over 60 years of age, has been mainly studied in young mouse models. The limited efficacy of current treatments underscores the need for animal models that better mimic an aged patient population. We addressed this by inducing pulmonary fibrosis in aged mice, using longitudinal micro-CT imaging as primary readout, with special attention to animal welfare.
METHODS: A double bleomycin dose was administered to 18-24 months-old male C57Bl/6j mice to induce pulmonary fibrosis. Bleomycin dosage was reduced to as low as 75% compared to that commonly administered to young (8-12 weeks-old) mice, resulting in long-term lung fibrosis without mortality, complying with animal welfare guidelines. After fibrosis induction, animals received Nintedanib once-daily for two weeks and longitudinally monitored by micro-CT, which provided structural and functional biomarkers, followed by post-mortem histological analysis as terminal endpoint.
RESULTS: Compared to young mice, aged animals displayed increased volume, reduced tissue density and function, and marked inflammation. This increased vulnerability imposed a bleomycin dosage reduction to the lowest tested level (2.5 µg/mouse), inducing a milder, yet persistent, fibrosis, while preserving animal welfare. Nintedanib treatment reduced fibrotic lesions and improved pulmonary function.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data identify a downsized bleomycin treatment that allows to achieve the best trade-off between fibrosis induction and animal welfare, a requirement for antifibrotic drug testing in aged lungs. Nintedanib displayed significant efficacy in this lower-severity disease model, suggesting potential patient stratification strategies. Lung pathology was quantitatively assessed by micro-CT, pointing to the value of longitudinal endpoints in clinical trials.
Participants assigned to either group who were found to be HCV RNA-negative at entry. They are not eligible for treatment and thus not part of the analysis. They were asked to return the treatment starter pack. They are followed with HCV RNA measured at Week 24 and 48.
Programming is a crucial aspect of deep brain stimulation (DBS), directly influences the final success of DBS. Optimal programming helps patients achieve maximized control of clinical symptoms and higher life quality. However, there are a number of inadequacies in conventional programming methods. First, the programming probe must come into close contact with the implantable pulse generator (IPG) and test stimulator to complete programming. And during initial postoperative programming, only the parameters of one patient can be ascertained. In addition, the same frequency is typically used in the left and right brain for dual channel IPG. The patient also need to repeatedly travel between their home and the hospital, leading to increased time and expense. Therefore, the investigators developed the SceneRay wireless and remote DBS system to address the outline issues. This system has significant advantages over conventional programming methods on all the issues above. This research will test the safety of this remote and wireless DBS programming system.
OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to investigate the potential of interictal electroencephalographic (EEG) findings and electrically stimulated seizures during stereo-EEG (SEEG) as surrogate markers for the spontaneous seizure onset zone (spSOZ). We hypothesized that combining the localizing information of these markers would allow clinically meaningful estimation of the spSOZ.
METHODS: We included all patients (n = 63) who underwent SEEG between January 2013 and March 2020 at Helsinki University Hospital and had spontaneous seizures during the recording. We scored spikes, gamma activity, and background abnormality on each channel visually during a 12-h epoch containing waking state and sleep. Based on semiology, we classified stimulated seizures as typical or atypical/unclassifiable and estimated the stimulated SOZ (stimSOZ) for typical seizures. To assess which markers increased the odds of channel inclusion in the spSOZ, we fitted mixed effects logistic regression models.
RESULTS: A combined regression model including the stimSOZ and interictal markers scored during sleep performed better in estimating which channels were part of the spSOZ than models based on stimSOZ (p < .001) or interictal markers (p < .001) alone. Of the individual markers, the effect sizes were greatest for inclusion of a channel in the stimSOZ (odds ratio [OR] = 60, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 37-97, p < .001) and for continuous (OR = 25, 95% CI = 12-55, p < .001) and subcontinuous (OR = 36, 95% CI = 21-64, p < .001) interictal spiking. At the individual level, the model's accuracy to predict spSOZ inclusion varied markedly (median accuracy = 85.7, range = 54.4-100), which was not explained by etiology (p > .05).
SIGNIFICANCE: Compared to either marker alone, combining visually rated interictal SEEG markers and stimulated seizures improved prediction of which SEEG channels belonged to the spSOZ. Inclusion in the stimSOZ and continuous or subcontinuous spikes increased the odds of spSOZ inclusion the most. Future studies should investigate whether suboptimal sampling of the true epileptogenic zone can explain the model's poor performance in certain patients.
UNLABELLED: Metastases, which are the leading cause of death in patients with cancer, have metabolic vulnerabilities. Alterations in metabolism fuel the energy and biosynthetic needs of metastases but are also needed to activate cell state switches in cells leading to invasion, migration, colonization, and outgrowth in distant organs. Specifically, metabolites can activate protein kinases as well as receptors and they are crucial substrates for posttranslational modifications on histone and nonhistone proteins. Moreover, metabolic enzymes can have moonlighting functions by acting catalytically, mainly as protein kinases, or noncatalytically through protein-protein interactions. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on metabolic signaling in cancer metastasis.
SIGNIFICANCE: Effective drugs for the prevention and treatment of metastases will have an immediate impact on patient survival. To overcome the current lack of such drugs, a better understanding of the molecular processes that are an Achilles heel in metastasizing cancer cells is needed. One emerging opportunity is the metabolic changes cancer cells need to undergo to successfully metastasize and grow in distant organs. Mechanistically, these metabolic changes not only fulfill energy and biomass demands, which are often in common between cancer and normal but fast proliferating cells, but also metabolic signaling which enables the cell state changes that are particularly important for the metastasizing cancer cells.
The present invention relates to esoderma chalone for changing a structure and enhancing antineoplastic activity, and the application thereof. The esoderma chalone inhibits tumour growth by inhibiting the growth of new vessels so as to achieve the purpose of tumour treatment. Esoderma chalone genetic engineering saccharomycete which is constructed by domestic specialists, such as Sun Wensheng, etc. and esoderma chalone bacillus bifidus genetic engineering which is constructed by professors such as Xu Genxing, etc. are applied for patents; but the research does not relate to the structural change of esoderma chalone; the esoderma chalone which changes an esoderma chalone structure and enhances antineoplastic activity comprises esoderma chalone which changes an esoderma chalone amino acid sequence by applying point-set induction technology and changing a basyl sequence of an esoderma chalone gene, and 25th-31st position arginine, glycine, isoleucine, arginine, glycine, alanine and aspartic acid of original esoderma chalone are changed into arginine, glycine, aspartic acid, arginine, glycine and aspartic acid. The esoderma chalone with a changed structure is used for treating diseases such as tumours, etc.
FIELD: medicine, cardiology. SUBSTANCE: the method includes traditional complex of pharmacotherapy, physical and psychological rehabilitation. Additionally, one should add homeopathic therapy. For this purpose, homeopathic remedy should be chosen individually by taking into account the detection of main patient's delusion (straying) based upon miasmic conception. Correct choice of preparation should be checked up according to constituents of miasmic diagnostic scheme adapted for Hippocratic nature scheme by taking into consideration the modality of day's period of time, season and patient's life stages. The method provides efficient application of body reserves in the course of patient's rehabilitation, under sanatorium-health resort conditions, among them. EFFECT: higher efficiency of therapy. 2 dwg
Age Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD or AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in North America. There are two types of ARMD: dry and wet. Both forms of ARMD cause a progressive loss of central vision, the part of your vision that allows you to read, drive and see images in sharp detail directly in front of you. The wet form is typically more severe and is characterized by the growth and leakage of small blood vessels into the choroid layer of the eye, or the back of the eye. These leaking blood vessels disrupt the structure and function of the eye, causing loss of vision, particularly the sharp vision created by the macula area of the eye.

Upon being accepted to the study, participants will be randomly divided into two groups. One group will receive both ranibizumab and triamcinolone acetonide injections and the other group will receive ranibizumab injections and a placebo treatment. To participants in this group, there will be the appearance of a second injection but no actual injection will take place. An individual not connected to the study will assign participants to a group based on a computer-generated system, giving participants at 50% chance of being placed in either group. During the study, participants will not know which group they are in, but will be able to know once the study is finished.

Participants will be asked to come in for an initial assessment to determine their starting visual abilities and medical history. On the next appointment, participants will receive the first treatment injections. They will be asked to come into the clinic every month for six (6) months total for treatment injections and testing. At each appointment, study investigators will take 3-D images of the retina (the back of the eye) using an Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) imaging device, test eye pressure and determine if there are any signs of infection or inflammation from the injections. On months 1, 3 and 6 investigators will also test vision using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) visual acuity charts, contrast sensitivity using a standard contrast sensitivity chart (The Pelli-Robson chart) and take images of the blood vessel growth using a coloured dye (fluorescein) to help see blood vessels. Before every treatment, anesthetic eye drops (proparacaine) will be applied to the eye so participants will not feel the injections. Participants will be given antibiotic eye drops (Zymar®) and will be asked to apply the drops 4 times a day for a few days after the injection to prevent infection.
Patients will be identified from the transplant list. Inclusion criteria will be all subjects with cirrhosis of any etiology who will undergo liver transplantation. . Rectus abdominis muscle biopsy will be obtained directly after induction of anesthesia for the procedure. In addition patients will have anthropometric measurements taken within 2 weeks of surgery. For the cirrhotic patients this includes hand grip test and dual energy x-ray absorption (DEXA).
The disclosure provides peptide compositions and immunotherapy compositions comprising an amyloid-beta (??) peptide and a fau. peptide. The disclosure also provides methods of treating or effecting prophylaxis of Alzheimer's disease or oilier diseases with beta-amyloid deposition in a subject, including methods of clearing deposits, inhibiting or reducing aggregation of ?? and/or tan, blocking the uptake by neurons, clearing amyloid, and inhibiting propagation of tau seeds in a subject having or at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease or other diseases containing tau and/or amyloid-beta accumulations. The methods include administering to such patients the compositions comprising an amyloid-beta (??) peptide and a tau peptide.
Previous studies have shown that 5-HT is strongly implicated in compulsive behaviours in experimental animals. Manipulation of 5-HT influences neuronal interactions underlying action selection. Reduced forebrain 5-HT causes perseveration and impairs goal-directed behaviour under reward but not punishment. Dysfunctional 5-HT neurotransmission has also been implicated in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) based on the selective efficacy of relatively high doses of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in treating this disorder. Hitherto, it is unknown whether there is a primary defect in the serotonergic system or whether SSRIs ameliorate symptoms by modulating other brain neurotransmitter pathways. So far, only one study of central 5-HT release in OCD patients has been conducted and its methodology may be questioned.

A number of behavioural and cognitive features of OCD, including endophenotype markers that appear to characterise the disorder have been determined. These include a shift in cognitive control from a goal-directed strategy to a habitual (stimulus-response, S-R) strategy, cognitive rigidity in terms of both reversal learning and attentional set-shifting, impaired response inhibition and planning, and a tendency to over-respond to spurious negative feedback in a probabilistic learning paradigm. Neural substrates of these deficits are being investigated using brain imaging methodologies based on magnetic resonance and preliminary evidence suggests an over-active medial prefrontal cortex-caudate nucleus circuits and underactive lateral prefrontal cortex-putamen circuits. However, little evidence exists that relates to the hypothesis of an over-active habit system in this disorder or to the role of serotonin in all these cognitive and behavioural deficits observed in OCD and compulsivity in general.
FIELD: medicine; chemical and pharmaceutical industry.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to the field of medicine and the chemical and pharmaceutical industry and pertains to a preparation for treating anemia associated with a chronic renal disease, based on roxadustat. The preparation is made in form of tablets. A tablet consists of a core including roxadustat and excipients, and a film shell. The core comprises lactose monohydrate, Comprecel, sodium croscarmellose, starch, colloidal anhydrous silicon dioxide, Kollidon 25, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of stearic acid in wt.% quantities specified in the claim of the invention, as excipients. AquaPolish® P. is used as a film shell. The invention also relates to a method for producing the preparation. Roxadustat concentrate is preliminarily obtained by adding ground lactose monohydrate to the substance at a mass ratio of 1:4 to 1:5. The resulting concentrate is then ground, the remaining lactose monohydrate, Comprecel, sodium croscarmellose, starch, colloidal silicon dioxide, Povidone are added to the resulting mixture and mixed to homogeneity. The resulting mixture is powdered with a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of stearic acid, pressed, followed by applying a film shell constituting 4.5 to 5.0% of the total mass of the preparation to the resulting tablet core by spraying an aqueous suspension of AquaPolish® P. at the final stages, drying and cooling.EFFECT: group of inventions provides a possibility to produce a medicinal form stable to the impact of external environmental factors and to improve the technological characteristics for production thereof.2 cl, 1 tbl, 4 ex
PURPOSE: Lymph nodes (LNs) in the chest have a tendency to enlarge due to various pathologies, such as lung cancer or pneumonia. Clinicians routinely measure nodal size to monitor disease progression, confirm metastatic cancer, and assess treatment response. However, variations in their shapes and appearances make it cumbersome to identify LNs, which reside outside of most organs.
METHODS: We propose to segment LNs in the mediastinum by leveraging the anatomical priors of 28 different structures (e.g., lung, trachea etc.) generated by the public TotalSegmentator tool. The CT volumes from 89 patients available in the public NIH CT Lymph Node dataset were used to train three 3D off-the-shelf nnUNet models to segment LNs. The public St. Olavs dataset containing 15 patients (out-of-training-distribution) was used to evaluate the segmentation performance.
RESULTS: For LNs with short axis diameter ≥ 8 mm, the 3D cascade nnUNet model obtained the highest Dice score of 67.9 ± 23.4 and lowest Hausdorff distance error of 22.8 ± 20.2. For LNs of all sizes, the Dice score was 58.7 ± 21.3 and this represented a ≥ 10% improvement over a recently published approach evaluated on the same test dataset.
CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, we are the first to harness 28 distinct anatomical priors to segment mediastinal LNs, and our work can be extended to other nodal zones in the body. The proposed method has the potential for improved patient outcomes through the identification of enlarged nodes in initial staging CT scans.
The maximum recommended dose of LYRICA is 100 mg three times a day (300 mg/day) in patients with creatinine clearance of at least 60 mL/min. Begin dosing at 50 mg three times a day (150 mg/day). The dose may be increased to 300 mg/day within 1 week based on efficacy and tolerability. Because LYRICA is eliminated primarily by renal excretion, adjust the dose in patients with reduced renal function [see Dosage and Administration (2.6)].

Although LYRICA was also studied at 600 mg/day, there is no evidence that this dose confers additional significant benefit and this dose was less well tolerated. In view of the dose-dependent adverse reactions, treatment with doses above 300 mg/day is not recommended [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].