anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
In the average postoperative adult patient, give 5 units (0.25 mL) initially, increase to 10 units (0.5 mL) at subsequent injections if necessary. It is recommended that Vasopressin Injection be given IM and that injections be repeated at three or four hour intervals as required. Dosage to be reduced proportionately for pediatric patients.

Vasopressin Injection used in this manner will frequently prevent, or relieve, postoperative distention. These recommendations apply also to distention complicating pneumonia or other acute toxemias.

###  Abdominal Roentgenography

For the average case, two injections of 10 units (0.5 mL) each are suggested. These should be given two hours and one-half hour, respectively, before films are exposed. Many roentgenologists advise giving an enema prior to the first dose of Vasopressin Injection.

####  Diabetes Insipidus

Vasopressin Injection may be given by injection or administered intranasally on cotton pledgets, by nasal spray, or by dropper. The dose by injection is 5 to 10 units (0.25 to 0.5 mL) repeated two or three times daily as needed. When Vasopressin Injection is administered intranasally by spray or on pledgets, the dosage and interval between treatments must be determined for each patient.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for paticulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.
The present invention provides a hydrogel composition, preferably for the treatment of wounds, comprising a hydrophilic co-polymer carrying multiple pendant anionic groups, wherein the polymer is derived from a first monomer and a second monomer, wherein both monomers have an octanol:water partition coefficient Log P value of less than 0, and, the Log P value of the first monomer is greater (more positive) than the second monomer. The difference between the Log P value for the two monomers is preferably less than 2. The weight ratio (w/w) of the first monomer/second monomer in the hydrogel composition is preferably equal to or more than about 1. The pendant anionic groups may be sulphonyl groups, e.g. sulphonic acid groups or salts thereof. The anionic group in both first and second monomers may be in salt form and the counterion for both monomers is preferably the same.
* If you miss a dose, take only 1 dose of alendronate sodium tablets on the morning after you remember. Do not take 2 doses on the same day. Continue your usual schedule of 1 dose once a week on your chosen day.
  * If you think you took more than the prescribed dose of alendronate sodium tablets , drink a full glass of milk and call your doctor right away. Do not try to vomit. Do not lie down.
This application claims the use of Somatotropin in healing joints. In arthritis, bursitis, tendonitis, strains, sprains, dislocations and overuse joint injuries, therapy is limited usually to mild medicationand rest. In more serious disease or injury, surgical procedures such as reconstruction, grafting, distraction, arthrodesis or arthroeisis are used to repair joint damage. Introduction of safe and effective agents to enhance tissue and bone healing after inflammation and joint injury will make a significant difference to recovery and quality of life of these patients. Somatotropin, or growth hormone, enhances healing of the damaged joint when directly injected into the joint tissues. Here is claimed that Somatotropin introduced before, during or after other treatments will accelerate healing of the damaged joint. It is also claimed that Somatotropin injected separately will also enhance healing of a damaged joint.
The study was designed as a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group, multi-site to compare the clinical equivalence of the test formulation of mometasone furoate monohydrate, 50 mcg/actuation nasal spray (Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d.) with the reference formulation Nasonex® nasal spray (Schering) in the relief of the signs and symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Participants who met the inclusion/exclusion criteria entered a 7-day placebo lead-in period. Following this placebo lead-in period, on Day 1 participants who continued to meet eligibility criteria were randomly assigned in a 2:2:1 ratio to one of three treatment groups (Test Product:Reference Product:Placebo) for 14 days of treatment. In all treatment groups, participants were instructed to administer the study drug once daily at approximately the same time each day. A single dose of 200 mcg was 4 actuations, each containing 50 mcg per actuation. Patients were instructed to administer the 4 actuations alternating between right and left nostril, such that 2 actuations were not administered back to back to the same nostril.
The modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins by O-linked β-N-actylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is an essential posttranslational modification that is common in metozoans. O-GlcNAc is cycled on and off proteins in response to environmental and physiological stimuli impacting protein function, which, in turn, tunes pathways that include transcription, translation, proteostasis, signal transduction, and metabolism. One class of stimulus that induces rapid and dynamic changes to O-GlcNAc is cellular injury, resulting from environmental stress (for instance, heat shock), hypoxia/reoxygenation injury, ischemia reperfusion injury (heart attack, stroke, trauma hemorrhage), and sepsis. Acute elevation of O-GlcNAc before or after injury reduces apoptosis and necrosis, suggesting that injury-induced changes in O-GlcNAcylation regulate cell fate decisions. However, prolonged elevation or reduction in O-GlcNAc leads to a maladaptive response and is associated with pathologies such as hypertrophy and heart failure. In this review, we discuss the impact of O-GlcNAc in both acute and prolonged models of injury with a focus on the heart and biological mechanisms that underpin cell survival.
(See also WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS.)

Adverse events commonly encountered in patients treated with bupropion are agitation, dry mouth, insomnia, headache/migraine, nausea/vomiting, constipation, and tremor.

Adverse events were sufficiently troublesome to cause discontinuation of treatment with bupropion in approximately 10% of the 2,400 patients and volunteers who participated in clinical trials during the product’s initial development. The more common events causing discontinuation include neuropsychiatric disturbances (3.0%), primarily agitation and abnormalities in mental status; gastrointestinal disturbances (2.1%), primarily nausea and vomiting; neurological disturbances (1.7%), primarily seizures, headaches, and sleep disturbances; and dermatologic problems (1.4%), primarily rashes. It is important to note, however, that many of these events occurred at doses that exceed the recommended daily dose.

Accurate estimates of the incidence of adverse events associated with the use of any drug are difficult to obtain. Estimates are influenced by drug dose, detection technique, setting, physician judgments, etc. Consequently, Table 2 is presented solely to indicate the relative frequency of adverse events reported in representative controlled clinical studies conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of bupropion under relatively similar conditions of daily dosage (300 to 600 mg), setting, and duration (3 to 4 weeks). The figures cited cannot be used to predict precisely the incidence of untoward events in the course of usual medical practice where patient characteristics and other factors must differ from those which prevailed in the clinical trials. These incidence figures also cannot be compared with those obtained from other clinical studies involving related drug products as each group of drug trials is conducted under a different set of conditions.

Finally, it is important to emphasize that the tabulation does not reflect the relative severity and/or clinical importance of the events. A better perspective on the serious adverse events associated with the use of bupropion is provided in WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The characteristics of the asthma and obesity phenotype have been described in cluster studies but have not been subsequently confirmed. Specific characteristics of this phenotype have not been differentiated from those inherent to the patient's body mass index (BMI). This study aims to assess the effect of BMI on asthma in order to identify which traits could define the asthma and obesity phenotype and which are inherent to the patient´s BMI.
METHODS: A real-life retrospective observational study was conducted based on data from 2514 patients with suspected asthma collected at the first visit to the allergy clinic between November 2014 and November 2017. All patients had to perform an appropriate spirometry maneuver. All BMI, sex, and age groups were represented.
RESULTS: The influence of BMI on asthma differed according to age group and sex. All spirometry results and FeNO were influenced by BMI. The only notable asthma characteristics were later onset of asthma with higher BMI values. No other differences were found between the BMI groups.
CONCLUSIONS: The effect of BMI on asthma is age-dependent; therefore, it should be corrected for age. The most important variations are in FeNO and spirometry results. The specific characteristics of the asthma and obesity phenotype are a greater perception of symptoms with fewer alterations in respiratory function tests and a lower prevalence of atopy, rhinitis, and allergy, including allergic asthma. Other characteristics of this phenotype, such as a higher female prevalence or late-onset or noneosinophilic asthma, are nonspecific for this phenotype.
Primary liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, and more than 90% of primary liver cancers are pathologically characterized as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Intermediate stage (BCLC-B) HCC is heterogeneous, and there is no uniform consensus on the treatment of this stage of the tumor in Western and Chinese countries, while the European guidelines recommend liver transplantation, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), and systemic medication as the first line of treatment. In Eastern countries, such as China, BCLC-B is further categorized into stages IIa and IIb, and surgical resection is recommended as the first-line treatment option for stage IIa, while surgical resection can also be considered for stage IIb. Retrospective studies have found that surgical resection has an overall better prognosis than non-surgical treatment. However, the rate of postoperative recurrence is higher than that of early HCC. To address this issue, new tools are urgently needed to guide the selection of appropriate treatment regimens to reduce the risk of postoperative recurrence and overall survival.

Our multidisciplinary team used deep learning technology to construct an artificial intelligence prediction model of neoadjuvant therapy benefit based on pre-treatment genetic testing data, digital pathology slides and imaging data (enhanced MRI) of 536 intermediate-stage HCC patients treated with HAIC in combination with lenvatinib and PD-1 monoclonal antibody in six centers, and external center data validated the model's good ability to identify the beneficiary population of the combination regimen ( AUC 0.89, Accuracy 0.86). The aim of this study is to study the effectiveness and safety of New-adj-Net in improving the progression of intermediate-stage HCC patients during neoadjuvant therapy and postoperative recurrence by observing the benefit of the combined neoadjuvant regimen in patients who are potentially benefited from neoadjuvant therapy and direct surgery from the perspective of precision therapy.
Eligible patients were randomly assigned by using permutated blocks designed11 for each site to receive either Nimotuzumab combined with docetaxel-cisplatin-fluorouracil regimen (Arm A) or docetaxel-cisplatin-fluorouracil alone regimen (Arm B). Combination arm chemotherapy was as conducted as follows. Since day 1, Nimotuzumab (200 mg, given as a 2-hour intravenous infusion before chemotherapy, Biotech Pharmaceutical Inc., Beijing, China) was administrated 1 h before chemotherapy once a week for two successive courses, followed by docetaxel (at a dose of 75 mg per square meter of body-surface area) was administered as a 1-hour intravenous infusion, followed by intravenous cisplatin (75 mg per square meter), administered during a period of 0.5 to 3 hours. After completion of the cisplatin infusion, fluorouracil (1000 mg per square meter per day) was administered as a continuous 24-hour infusion for 4 days. Patients in arm A received docetaxel-cisplatin-fluorouracil only.One treatment cycle comprised a period of 3 weeks (21 days). Patients received six cycles in both treatment arms, unless disease progression or unacceptable toxicity was observed. Patients in the experimental group who had at least stable disease could choose to continue maintenance Nimotuzumab every week until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, or study withdrawal.
Methods: using cluster randomised clinical trial , two community care sites in Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City were selected. Community-dwelling older adults who are over 65 years old and have the ability to communicate in Mandarin and Taiwanese were recruited . Those who had severe mental illness, moderate to severe dementia (level 2 or above on the Clinical Dementia Assessment Scale) and Barthel Index score \<60 were excluded. There were 63 valid cases divided into experimental group(n=32) and control group(n=31). The experimental group practiced Qigong Wuqinxi 50 minutes three times a week for 12 weeks; meanwhile, the control group maintained routine daily activities. The two groups of participants were tested before and after the intervention period with the following research tools: 1) The Brief Pain Inventory, (BPI), 2) Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), 3) Body Constitution Questionnaire (BCQ), 4) automatic tongue diagnosis system (ATDS). The research data were analyzed with SPSS 19 software package for descriptive statistics, chi-square test, independent t test and paired t test.
Estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer is the most common cancer and the most frequent cause of cancer-related death in women in the Western World. Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK 4/6) inhibitors improve outcome, when added to standard first- and second-line endocrine therapy. However, they also add patient- and financial burden due to (long term) increased toxicity and hospital visits. Therefore, benefits of additional CDK 4/6 inhibitors should be weighed against their burden. Tools to support such treatment decisions by patients and providers are currently lacking. Whole body heterogeneity of ER expression, measured by 16α-\[18F\]fluoro-17β-estradiol (FES)-PET scan and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET scan was related to time to progression on combined treatment in previous work. Therefore in SONImage a baseline FES-PET is added to conventional work up, in 100 patients with ER+ MBC who will receive first line endocrine treatment ± CDK 4/6 inhibition within the SONIA study. The objectives are 1. to correlate PFS1 (according to SONIA criteria) to baseline FES/FDG-PET heterogeneity; 2. to assess interaction between baseline FES/FDG-PET heterogeneity, treatment allocation, and PFS1 (according to SONIA criteria); 3. to correlate response measurements of individual lesions to baseline FES/FDG heterogeneity and detailed FES/FDG imaging features; 4. to develop a multivariable model to predict individual PFS benefit to first-line AI ± CDK 4/6 inhibition, based on detailed FES/FDG image features and standard clinicopathological information, in n=100 SONIA patients; 5. to validate this prediction model in two independent patient cohorts with baseline FES/FDG-PET scans (Dutch IMPACT-MBC trial; international ET-TRANSCAN trial). This molecular imaging based multivariable prediction model may provide a unique measure of benefit of adding CDK 4/6 inhibition to first-line endocrine treatment, allowing patients and providers to weigh individual benefits and (long term) burden for optimized treatment decisions. Particularly for the approximately 25% of patients with ER+ MBC who have an excellent- or poor outcome despite CDK 4/6 inhibition in the first-line, this could have profound implications, as they may refrain from combined treatment. Ultimately, this could potentially contribute to FES/FDG-PET based treatment decisions in clinical practice, reduction of unnecessary toxicity and costs, while improving patient outcome and QoL.
The invention relates to an in vitro method for determining basophil activation in a sample. Other aspects relate to determining and/or prognosing an efficacy of an allergen-specific desensitization treatment of a subject. The method comprises providing a sample from said subject, treating said sample with an allergen and determining a level of at least one basophil inhibitory marker and at least one basophil activation marker in the sample, wherein the basophil inhibitory marker comprises CD32. Corresponding systems and machine learning methods are also described. The invention relates to the use of an affinity reagent that specifically binds CD32 in an in vitro method for determining basophil activation, for example in the context of determining and/or prognosing an efficacy of an allergen-specific desensitization treatment of a subject. In preferred embodiments CD32 is used in combination with an affinity reagent that specifically binds CD63. The invention further relates to a corresponding kit and corresponding uses of affinity reagents.
One of the most important and frequent adverse effects of spinal anesthesia is post procedure hypotension. The emerging hypotension does not affect only the pregnant, it also does harm to the newborn. Therefore, an anesthesiologist should avoid and take precautions to prevent maternal post spinal hypotension. There is a growing body of evidence about noradrenalin application in the management of hemodynamic optimization of patients undergoing cesarean section with spinal anesthesia. However, there is no conclusive decision about the dosage and application protocol of noradrenaline in this patient population. In a study comparing the incidence of post spinal maternal hypotension given noradrenaline versus phenylephrine, the authors reported that both of drugs effectively controlled maternal blood pressure. The incidence of maternal hypotension was 30% and 32% (p= 0.8) in noradrenaline and phenylephrine study arms, respectively. Therefore, one can speculate that the incidence of maternal post spinal hypotension remains high even in patients receiving noradrenaline or phenylephrine. In the noradrenaline arm, only noradrenaline infusion with a dosage of 0.05 microgram/kg/minute without any bolus was applied to the patients. In another study, the effects of different noradrenaline infusion dosages with 5 microgram bolus dosage on maternal post spinal hypotension were investigated. The frequencies of maternal hypotension were 42.1%, 24.7% and 26% in patients receiving 0.025, 0.05 and 0.075 microgram/kg/minute with a bolus 5 microgram noradrenaline, respectively. As a conclusion of this study, addition of a bolus dose of 5 microgram noradrenaline may lower the incidence of post spinal hypotension. However, as in the previous study, approximately one fourth of patients still may have a post spinal hypotension episode. Regarding these results, the present study is planned to answer the question of which approach including increasing infusion or bolus dosage of noradrenaline is superior to ameliorate the incidence of hypotension in this population.

In conclusion, the aim of this study is to compare three different noradrenaline protocols including different bolus and infusion dosages to decrease the rate of hypotension in patients undergoing cesarean section with spinal anesthesia.
In recent times, pathogen genome sequencing has become increasingly used to investigate infectious disease outbreaks. When genomic data is sampled densely enough amongst infected individuals, it can help resolve who infected whom. However, transmission analysis cannot rely solely on a phylogeny of the genomes but must account for the within-host evolution of the pathogen, which blurs the relationship between phylogenetic and transmission trees. When only a single genome is sampled for each host, the uncertainty about who infected whom can be quite high. Consequently, transmission analysis based on multiple genomes of the same pathogen per host has a clear potential for delivering more precise results, even though it is more laborious to achieve. Here, we present a new methodology that can use any number of genomes sampled from a set of individuals to reconstruct their transmission network. Furthermore, we remove the need for the assumption of a complete transmission bottleneck. We use simulated data to show that our method becomes more accurate as more genomes per host are provided, and that it can infer key infectious disease parameters such as the size of the transmission bottleneck, within-host growth rate, basic reproduction number, and sampling fraction. We demonstrate the usefulness of our method in applications to real datasets from an outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa amongst cystic fibrosis patients and a nosocomial outbreak of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Eligible subjects with type 1 diabetes will initiate hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery based on interstitial glucose monitoring via the MiniMed 670G system according to Medtronic's labeling. This system combines subject-delivered pre-meal boluses with automatic interprandial insulin delivery that includes automated functions for both predictive and threshold suspension of insulin delivery intended to minimize exposure to glucose levels \< 70 mg/dl.
Glaucoma is a disease of the eye which affects the optic nerve (the nerve that sends signals from the eye to the brain) and is associated with visual field defects and potential blindness. The treatment of glaucoma involves lowering the pressure in the eye, which is often (but not always) elevated due to accumulation of fluid inside the eye that cannot drain away. In the operation called trabeculectomy (a type of filtration surgery), a small channel is created through the sclera (the white of the eye) to allow accumulated fluid to drain away. Scarring may occur after surgery when, during healing, too much collagen (a type of protein) is deposited in the channel. This causes the channel to seal up and the pressure inside the eye to build up again.

The study will be conducted in patients suffering from glaucoma who are due to undergo trabeculectomy. Patients will be randomized to have either PRM-151 or placebo.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a siltstone-containing composition and soap using the same, and to provide a method for producing them.  <P>SOLUTION: The siltstone-containing composition 1 or 4 comprises siltstone fine particles 2 and a fermented material 3. The fermented material 3 is obtained by fermenting a mixture of a saccharide, leaves of one or more kinds of plants and bacteria. The bacteria may be anaerobic or aerobic bacteria or both anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. The soap 10 is obtained by using a siltstone-containing composition. The siltstone-containing composition 1 or 4 and the soap 10 using the same are produced from a naturally occurring material and provides no environmental loading. The siltstone-containing composition 1 or 4 and the soap 10 are produced at low costs.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI