anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Orally marketed products nintedanib (NDNB) and pirfenidone (PFD) for pulmonary fibrosis (PF) are administered in high doses and have been shown to have serious toxic and side effects. NDNB can cause the elevation of galectin-3, which activates the NF-κB signaling pathway and causes the inflammatory response. S-allylmercapto-N-acetylcysteine (ASSNAC) can alleviate the inflammation response by inhibiting the TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, we designed and prepared inhalable ASSNAC and NDNB co-loaded liposomes for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. The yellow, spheroidal co-loaded liposomes with a particle size of 98.32±1.98 nm and zeta potential of -22.5 ± 1.58 mV were produced. The aerodynamic fine particle fraction (FPF) and mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of NDNB were >50 % (81.14 %±0.22 %) and <5 μm (1.79 μm±0.06 μm) in the nebulized liposome solution, respectively. The results showed that inhalation improved the lung deposition and retention times of both drugs. DSPE-PEG 2000 in the liposome formulation enhanced the mucus permeability and reduced phagocytic efflux mediated by macrophages. ASSNAC reduced the mRNA over-expressions of TLR-4, MyD88 and NF-κB caused by NDNB, which could reduce the NDNB's side effects. The Masson's trichrome staining of lung tissues and the levels of CAT, TGF-β1, HYP, collagen III and mRNA expressions of Collagen I, Collagen III and α-SMA in lung tissues revealed that NDNB/Lip inhalation was more beneficial to alleviate fibrosis than oral NDNB. Although the dose of NDNB/Lip was 30 times lower than that in the oral group, the inhaled NDNB/Lip group had better or comparable anti-fibrotic effects to those in the oral group. According to the expressions of Collagen I, Collagen III and α-SMA in vivo and in vitro, the combination of ASSNAC and NDNB was more effective than the single drugs for pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, this study provided a new scheme for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
PURPOSE: An anticancer composition containing GRS(glycyl-tRNA synthetase) protein or fragment thereof is provided to induce specific cancer cell apoptosis. CONSTITUTION: An anticancer composition contains GRS protein containing an amino acid sequence of sequence number 6 as an active ingredient. The anticancer composition contains a nucleic acid as an active ingredient encoding the GRS protein. The nucleic acid encoding the GRS protein contains a sequence of sequence number 2 or 7. An expression vector comprises the nucleic acid. The expression vector is plasmid or viral vector. The plasmid is pRK5, pSV16B, pVL1392 or pcDNA3. The viral vector is retrovirus vector, adenovirus vector or herpes virus.
In the first session the acid will be applied for three minutes, and with each new session the duration time with the product will increase in three minutes, so that in the last session the duration of the application will be 9 minutes. For the application of the product will be used flexible cotton rod, sparing the region just below the eyelids of the lower eyelid 0.5cm, therefore, no other measure is necessary for eye protection. After the given time, the substance will be removed with lint with 0.9% saline solution.
The present invention discloses microcapsules that are stable in acidic aqueous systems. The microcapsules may be utilized to protect a hydrophobic substance. The microcapsules may be utilized in acidic food products. The microcapsule includes at least one hydrophobic substance and a layer around the at least one hydrophobic substance. The layer includes protein aggregates and a negatively charged polymer having blockwise charges, such as pectin. Methods for producing the microcapsules are also disclosed here.
Single-session, self-guided web-based intervention (\~45 minutes) hosted on Qualtrics with animated videos, audio-guided exercises, graphics, text-based material, and interactive questions. This intervention is designed to teach participants about mindfulness and self-compassion.
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) transaminase (GABA-T) is a GABA-degrading enzyme that plays an essential role in regulating GABA levels and maintaining supplies of GABA. Although GABA in the mammalian brain was discovered 70 years ago, research on GABA and GABA-T has predominantly focused on the brain. Notwithstanding the high activity and expression of GABA-T in the liver, the exact functions of GABA-T in the liver remain unknown. This article reviews the up-to-date information on GABA-T in the liver. It presents recent findings on the role of liver GABA-T in food intake suppression and appetite regulation. Finally, the potential functions of liver GABA-T in other neurological diseases, natural GABA-T inhibitors, and future perspectives in this research area are discussed.
Analyse of serotoninergic brain activity (determined by positron emission tomography using \[18F\]MPPF) from bulimic patients treated with serotoninergic antidepressants during 3 months. The serotoninergic brain activity is measured before adnd after the serotoninergic antidepressant treatment.
Participants in this group will receive twice a week, total 8 weeks of classic physiotherapy exercise program. Each session will take 45 minutes.
Endoscopic lung volume reduction (ELVR) is an established treatment option for patients with severe emphysema. Not all patients are candidates for this type of intervention, and in the context of significant airway secretions, they may be excluded from treatment. Bronchial Rheoplasty (BR) was developed to treat mucus hypersecretion by delivering nonthermal pulsed electric fields to the airway epithelium and submucosa. The literature to date demonstrates that patients treated with BR in clinical studies have a reduction in airway goblet cell hyperplasia as well as substantive clinical improvement in the setting of chronic bronchitis (CB). In this case series, we present four patients treated at three different institutions who had previously undergone ELVR with beneficial outcome. However, over time, these patients subsequently developed worsening clinical issues, including complaints of increased and thickened mucus, along with exacerbations in the setting of a loss of some ELVR-associated benefits. These patients then underwent exploratory treatment with BR with the intent of reducing their secretion burden and potentially restoring the efficacy associated with the initial placement of the airway valves. All BR procedures were well tolerated, and three of the four patients showed substantial improvement in their symptom burden. Airway examinations during the second of the two BR procedures also revealed what appeared to be less airway mucosal inflammation and a decrease in the quantity of airway secretions. Therefore, treatment with BR may have the potential to improve and restore the initial benefits associated with ELVR, thus enhancing long-term outcomes. Further clinical studies with sufficient follow-up are warranted to assess this in a larger cohort of patients, and to determine whether treatment with BR prior to ELVR may make more patients eligible for this treatment through reduction in their secretions and/or symptoms.
The General anesthesia is preformed by intravenous Propofol (2-4 mg.kg-1) and Fentanyl (1-2 µg.kg-1) and Rocuronium bromide (0.5mg.kg-1) administration to facilitate endotracheal intubation, assisted by Sellick manoeuvre. Anaesthesia maintenance with Sevoflurane (2-3%) in an air/oxygen mixture, intravenous Fentanyl as required.
The invention relates to a cervical spondylosis treating drug for external use, pertaining to the technical field of Chinese traditional medicines. The cervical spondylosis treating drug for external use of the invention is prepared by raw materials with the following weight parts according to a conventional powder method. 15g of common buried rubber, 7g of Rhizoma Curcumae, 15g of Fructus Viticis, 7g of raw aconitum, 15g of Ligusticum wallichii, 15g of lycopodium clavatum, 15g of featherleaf rodgersflower root, and 9g of sambucus root are taken to be mixed. The resulting mixture is pulverized by a pulverizer and powder is obtained after machine screening and grinding. The usage method of the drug is that: 100g of the drug is taken each time to be blended with vinegar; after heating, the mixture is applied on cervical vertebra, and the mixture is replaced once every seven days. The external application generally needs five to twenty times on the basis of a medical history. The Chinese medicinal herbs of the drug can all be bought in the market. The cervical spondylosis treating drug for external use of the invention has the advantages of good effect, no toxic side effects, easy operation and short treatment cycle. The drug of the invention which is taken by thousands of people has a cure rate of more than 95%.
Prior to randomization, participants will receive 3 IVT injections of aflibercept over 4-week intervals. Upon randomization, participants will receive 10 μg foselutoclax (50 μl of 0.2 μg/μl solution) IVT on Day 1 and Weeks 8 and 16. 2 mg aflibercept (50 μl of 40 μg/μl solution) will also be administered on Day 1.
Avermectin, a widely used deworming drug, poses a significant threat to fisheries. Silybin is recognized for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The kidney, being crucial for fish survival, plays a vital role in maintaining ion balance, nitrogen metabolism, and hormone regulation. While residual avermectin in water could pose a risk to carp (Cyprinus carpio), it remains unclear whether silybin can alleviate the renal tissue toxicity induced by avermectin in this species. In current study, we developed a model of long-term exposure of carp to avermectin to investigate the potential protective effect of silybin against avermectin-induced nephrotoxicity. The results indicated that avermectin induced renal inflammation, oxidative stress, ferroptosis, and autophagy in carp. Silybin suppressed the mRNA transcript levels of pro-inflammatory factors, increased catalase (CAT) activity, reduced glutathione (GSH) activity, diminished reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in renal tissues, and promoted the activation of the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway. Furthermore, the transcript levels of ferroptosis-associated proteins, including gpx4 and slc7a11, were significantly reduced, while those of cox2, ftl, and ncoa4 were elevated. The transcript levels of autophagy-related genes, including p62 and atg5, were also regulated. Network pharmacological analysis revealed that silybin inhibited ROS accumulation and mitigated avermectin-induced renal inflammation, oxidative stress, ferroptosis, and autophagy in carp through the involvement of PPAR-γ. Silybin exerted its anti-inflammatory effect through the NF-κB pathway and antioxidant effect through the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway, induced renal cell iron efflux through the SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4, and suppressed autophagy initiation via the PI3K/AKT pathway. This study provides evidence of the protective effect of silybin against avermectin-induced nephrotoxicity in carp, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent to alleviate the adverse effects of avermectin exposure in fish.
Low-grade inflammation (LGI) mainly acted as the mediator of the association of obesity and inflammatory diet with numerous chronic diseases, including neuropsychiatric diseases. However, the evidence about the effect of LGI on brain structure is limited but important, especially in the context of accelerating aging. This study was then designed to close the gap, and we leveraged a total of 37,699 participants from the UK Biobank and utilized inflammation score (INFLA-score) to measure LGI. We built the longitudinal relationships of INFLA-score with brain imaging phenotypes using multiple linear regression models. We further analyzed the interactive effects of specific covariates. The results showed high level inflammation reduced the volumes of the subcortex and cortex, especially the globus pallidus (β [95% confidence interval] = -0.062 [-0.083, -0.041]), thalamus (-0.053 [-0.073, -0.033]), insula (-0.052 [-0.072, -0.032]), superior temporal gyrus (-0.049 [-0.069, -0.028]), lateral orbitofrontal cortex (-0.047 [-0.068, -0.027]), and others. Most significant effects were observed among urban residents. Furthermore, males and individuals with physical frailty were susceptive to the associations. The study provided potential insights into pathological changes during disease progression and might aid in the development of preventive and control targets in an age-friendly city to promote great health and well-being for sustainable development goals.
Placebo injected once per day for 24 weeks. Dose is 1,8 or highest tolerable dose.
OBJECTIVE: In pediatric emergencies, as in case of shock, the use of intraosseous (IO) route is recommended to get rapid vascular access as soon as possible, as it revealed better outcome. Nevertheless, the IO approach is not used at all and/or is limited because of lack of demand and lack of training on the issue of medical staff. The aim of the study was to test applicable and/or demand of IO in clinics providing pediatric critical care services and assess the opportunities to integrate IO access use in emergency care in Georgia.
METHODS: A quasi-experimental study was conducted, following a training of medical staff to perform IO access procedure. Our study involved 140 children admitted to emergency department, 114 of whom underwent venous access and 26 underwent IO access. Several parameters were monitored and reported. Outcomes were compared between the 2 procedures.
RESULTS: Use of an IO catheter has significantly altered the clinical outcome of the patient's condition; 35% of the total number of patients needed to continue their treatment in the intensive care unit, whereas 65% of the patient's continued treatment in the various general wards (compared with 99% and 1%, respectively, in intravenous access patients). None of IO patients were transferred to other clinics because of the deterioration of their clinical condition. Complications in the form of local infection were not observed in any of the patients using the IO approach (which is interesting in terms of infection control).
CONCLUSION: With proper training and in certain indications, the internationally approved method can be safely used in pediatric emergency management in Georgian and similar country health system contexts. Several urgent conditions with high rates of requiring hospitalization could benefit from the IO approach.
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a type of noninvasive brain stimulation that modulates the resting excitability of neuronal populations, thereby altering patterns of brain activity in potentially behaviorally relevant ways. The stimulation involves 20 minutes of constant stimulation at 1.5 mA.
This study was a single-center, randomized, controlled, double-blind, parallel versus placebo that consisted of five visits. The first visit was a screening evaluation to determine whether subjects met the inclusion criteria. The selected subjects were invited to a second visit that consisted of a medical history, 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), the collection of stool samples for DNA isolation and collection of 5 ml blood sample. The participants received during the first stage, a low saturated fat diet (LSFD) for 15 days. In the third visit and second stage of dietary treatment, subjects were randomized to receive the dietary portfolio (DP) or placebo (P) treatment + an LSFD accompanied of a reduced energy diet for 1 mo. In the fourth visit, with a 1 mo interval, dietary assessment and compliance to the DP or P were evaluated. During each follow-up visit, a 24-h dietary recall was collected, a physical activity questionnaire was filled out and anthropometric and clinical parameters were assessed. In the fifth visit, a 2 -h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed, and a stool sample for DNA isolation and 5 ml blood were collected.

Dietary intervention in the first stage, the participants consumed a reduced-energy diet tailored to provide a 500-kcal/d deficit as recommended by NIH with respect to their habitual diet for 15 days. The diet plan consisted in 50-60% carbohydrates, 15% protein, 25-35% fat, \<7% saturated fat, ≤ 200 mg, 20-35 g fiber, 2000 mg/d sodium based on total energy. In the second stage, the participants continued to consume the reduced energy diet with the addition of a combination of functional foods (DP). The DP provided 200 kcal that were subtracted from the diet. The DP consisted of a mixture of 14 g de dehydrated nopal, 4 g of chia, 25 g of soy protein, 14 g of oat, 4 g of inulin, 0.15 of flavoring. The placebo (P) consisted of 30 g of calcium caseinate, 30 g of maltodextrin and 0.2 g of flavoring. The kcal, appearance, and flavor were similar in DP and P. The DP and P were given in a package in the dehydrated form ready to be dissolved in water. The DP was divided into two packages, the first package contained 17.3 g of DP or P given in the breakfast and dissolved in 250 ml and the second package was given at the dinner time, and contained 34.7 g of P and DP dissolved in 300 ml of water.

Dietary compliance. Dietary compliance was assessed with a 24-h dietary recall and 3-d food record (food lo), during each visit that was analyzed by food processor nutrition analysis software. The compliance of the consumption of the DP or P was evaluated with the number of empty packages returned at the following visit. Physical activity was assessed using the International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ)
PURPOSE: To assess various aspects of visual function in school children prenatally exposed to opioid maintenance therapy (OMT) and to explore possible outcome differences between prenatal methadone and buprenorphine exposure.
METHODS: In a cross-sectional case-control study, 63 children aged 5-13 years with prenatal OMT exposure were compared with 63 age- and gender-matched, non-exposed controls regarding important visual parameters, such as visual acuity, orthoptic status, refractive state, colour vision, and visual field.
RESULTS: The OMT-exposed children had significantly poorer visual acuity, both for the best eye, the worst eye and binocularly. Two children had mild visual impairment. Manifest strabismus was more frequent in the OMT group, 30%, vs. 4.8% in the control group. The most frequent types of strabismus were accommodative esotropia and intermittent exotropia. Manifest nystagmus was present in 10 (16%) of the exposed children compared to one among the non-exposed children. The accommodative amplitude was decreased in the OMT group compared to the controls. After adjusting for polydrug exposure and SGA (small-for-gestational-age), the between-group differences in visual acuity, strabismus, and nystagmus remained. The methadone-exposed children had poorer visual acuity, increased frequency of strabismus and a higher percentage of nystagmus, hypermetropia and astigmatism compared to the buprenorphine-exposed children.
CONCLUSIONS: School-age children exposed to methadone or buprenorphine in utero had a higher prevalence of strabismus and nystagmus, and a lower visual acuity and accommodation amplitude. Buprenorphine exposure was associated with more favourable results than methadone exposure on most visual outcome measures and should be the preferred substance in OMT.
103,294. Ges. fur Chemische Industrie in Basle. Jan. 7,1916, [Convention date]. Medicines for internal use; hypodermic injections.-Vitamines for use in therapy are obtained from rice husks, yeast, flesh, milk, beans, &c. by extracting the material, which may have been opened up previously by mechanical treatment, hydrolysis, digestion, or otherwise, with dilute alcohol. Alcohol is removed by distillation under vacuum, and the remaining aqueous solution is treated successively in acid and neutral condition with lead acetate and basic lead acetate respectively, so as to precipitate inactive ingredients. The filtrate is treated for the removal of lead, and either directly evaporated to dryness in a vacuum, or treated with a precipitant'such as phosphotungstic acid, tannin, mercuric sulphate, or other heavy-metal salt, and the resulting precipitate decomposed in the usual manner to give a solution of the free vitamine, which is then evaporated to dryness. The remedy may be administer per os or by injection.
BACKGROUND: We have previously demonstrated the significant reliance of pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells (PaCSCs) on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which enables versatile substrate utilization, including fatty acids (FAs). Notably, dysregulated lipid scavenging and aberrant FA metabolism are implicated in PDAC progression.
METHODS & RESULTS: Our bioinformatics analyses revealed elevated expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in PDAC tissue samples compared to normal tissue samples, which correlated with a stemness signature. Additionally, PaCSCs exhibited heightened expression of diverse lipid metabolism genes and increased lipid droplet accumulation compared to differentiated progenies. Treatment with palmitic, oleic, and linolenic FAs notably augmented the self-renewal and chemotherapy resistance of CD133+ PaCSCs. Conversely, inhibitors of FA uptake, storage and metabolism reduced CSC populations both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, inhibition of FA metabolism suppressed OXPHOS activity, inducing energy depletion and subsequent cell death in PaCSCs. Importantly, combining a FAO inhibitor and Gemcitabine treatment enhanced drug efficacy in vitro and in vivo, effectively diminishing the CSC content and functionality.
CONCLUSION: Targeting FAO inhibition represents a promising therapeutic strategy against this highly tumorigenic population.
The appearance of contralateral effects after unilateral injury has been shown in various experimental pain models, as well as in clinics. They consist of a diversity of phenomena in contralateral peripheral nerves, sensory ganglia, or spinal cord: from structural changes and altered gene or protein expression to functional consequences such as the development of mirror-image pain (MP). Although MP is a well-documented phenomenon, the exact molecular mechanism underlying the induction and maintenance of mirror-like spread of pain is still an unresolved challenge. MP has generally been explained by central sensitization mechanisms leading to facilitation of pain impulse transfer through neural connections between the two sides of the central nervous system. On the contrary, the peripheral nervous system (PNS) was usually regarded unlikely to evoke such a symmetrical phenomenon. However, recent findings provided evidence that events in the PNS could play a significant role in MP induction. This manuscript provides an updated and comprehensive synthesis of the MP phenomenon and summarizes the available data on the mechanisms. A more detailed focus is placed on reported evidence for peripheral mechanisms behind the MP phenomenon, which were not reviewed up to now.
Patients will receive 5000 unit of low molecular weight heparin subcutaneously once daily along with tablet aspirin 75 MG once daily, for additional thromboprophylaxis for free flap. The flaps of these patients will be monitored as standard clinical examination and outcome will be recorded until 4th post operative day.