anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Immunosuppression and malnutrition play pivotal roles in the complications of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and are intricately linked to the development of stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP). Inflammatory markers, including NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio), SII (systemic immune inflammation index), SIRI (systemic inflammatory response index), and SIS (systemic inflammation score), along with nutritional indexes such as CONUT (controlling nutritional status) and PNI (prognostic nutritional index), are crucial indicators influencing the inflammatory state following ICH. In this study, our objective was to compare the predictive efficacy of inflammatory and nutritional indices for SAP in ICH patients, aiming to determine and explore their clinical utility in early pneumonia detection. Patients with severe ICH requiring ICU admission were screened from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. The outcomes included the occurrence of SAP and in-hospital death. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, multivariate logistic regression, smooth curve analysis, and stratified analysis were employed to investigate the relationship between the CONUT index and the clinical outcomes of patients with severe ICH. A total of 348 patients were enrolled in the study. The incidence of SAP was 21.3%, and the in-hospital mortality rate was 17.0%. Among these indicators, multiple regression analysis revealed that CONUT, PNI, and SIRI were independently associated with SAP. Further ROC curve analysis demonstrated that CONUT (AUC 0.6743, 95% CI 0.6079-0.7408) exhibited the most robust predictive ability for SAP in patients with ICH. Threshold analysis revealed that when CONUT < 6, an increase of 1 point in CONUT was associated with a 1.39 times higher risk of SAP. Similarly, our findings indicate that CONUT has the potential to predict the prognosis of patients with ICH. Among the inflammatory and nutritional markers, CONUT stands out as the most reliable predictor of SAP in patients with ICH. Additionally, it proves to be a valuable indicator for assessing the prognosis of patients with ICH.
The invention discloses a merariveron sustained-release tablet and a preparation method thereof. The merariveron sustained-release tablet is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5- 20% of merariveron, 10-70% of a skeleton material, 1- 5% of an antioxidant, 0.1-5% of a lubricant, 0-70% of a filler and a proper amount of an adhesive. The merariveron sustained-release tablet adopts a film coating, and thus the stability of the merariveron sustained-release tablet is improved. The sustained-release materials in the merariveron sustained-release tablet reduce influences, on release, of different PH valves. The influences, on the absorption of the merariveron sustained-release tablet, of food, are reduced, long-time stable effective drug concentration is kept, and thus the curative effect of the merariveron sustained-release tablet is improved. A patient only needs to take the merariveron sustained-release tablet once a day; the compliance of the patient is improved.
BACKGROUND: Despite the advancements in knowledge about health care for older adults, essential gaps persist regarding the effects of chronic diseases as epidemiological markers of the state of functional dependence. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of moderate and severe functional dependence in Brazilian older adults and its association with chronic diseases and verify the multimorbidity patterns by dependence status.
METHODS: This cross-sectional analytical study used data from 11,177 community-dwelling Brazilian older adults from the 2013 National Health Survey conducted in Brazil. The dependent variables were moderate and severe functional dependence in basic activities of daily living (BADLs) and instrumental ADLs (IADLs). The independent variables were defined based on the questions applied to measure each morbidity in a self-reported manner and asked, "Has a doctor ever diagnosed you as having (each disease)? Multimorbidity was simultaneously considered present for older adults with ≥ 2 chronic morbidities. The association between functional dependence on BADLs and IADLs separately by severity and the independent variables was verified from crude and adjusted estimates of the point prevalence ratios and their 95% confidence intervals using the regression model Poisson with robust variance. To group diseases into patterns, exploratory factor analysis was used.
RESULTS: The prevalences of moderate and severe BADL dependence were 10.2% (95% CI, 9.6-10.7) and 4.8% (95% CI, 4.4-5.2), respectively. Moderate and severe IADL dependence prevalences were 13.8% (95% CI, 13.1-14.4) and 15.6% (95% CI, 14.9%-16.2), respectively. When changing the condition from moderate to severe dependence in BADLs, in the presence of other mental illnesses and stroke, the probability of dependence increased more than four times in the case of other mental illnesses and more than five times for stroke. There was a linear trend for dependence severity, both moderate and severe, whereas, for severe dependence on IADLs, this same factor maintained a linear trend toward an increase in probability as the number of diseases simultaneously increased.
CONCLUSIONS: Chronic diseases are associated with functional dependence, with greater emphasis on mental illnesses and stroke in severe disability, considering their acute adverse effects.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a medicinal composition capable of directly visually confirming pH of an agent solution producing pH change by occurrence, etc., of pinhole, e.g. a bicarbonate-containing agent solution housed in a plastic vessel by including a pH indicator therein. SOLUTION: This medicinal composition capable of visually confirming pH of an agent solution comprises a pH indicator. The agent solution is preferably selected from an infusion solution, a washing solution, an eye lotion, a dialysing fluid and an intraocular perfusate. The pH indicator is preferably phenolsulfophthalein. A solution containing a bicarbonate such as sodium hydrogencarbonate or potassium hydrogencarbonate is preferable as the agent solution. The bicarbonate ion concentration in the agent solution is 0.01-1M and pH suitable for administration is 6.5-8. The pH indicator can be added and compounded into the agent solution as a form of aqueous solution or an organic solvent (e.g. ethanol) in which PH is adjusted. The pH indicator is preferably contained in an amount of 0.1-10 mg based on 1 L total composition.
A preventative healthcare system calibrates a risk model by assigning weights to attributes for the freshness, completeness and uncertainty of a user's medical information. A risk predictive model is implemented based on the medical information. The risk of a specific health outcome of the user is determined using the risk predictive model, which is calibrated by computing attribute scores for freshness, completeness and uncertainty of the medical information and by assigning weights to the attribute scores. A need-for-data (ND) score is computed using the weighted attribute scores. A need-for-checkup (NC) score is computed using traits of the user. The method determines that new medical information related to the user is needed or that the user needs a checkup based on the ND and NC scores. A prompt is delivered to the user indicating that new medical information related to the user is needed or that the user needs a checkup.
Unresolved inflammation, due to unfavorable imbalances between pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediators, leads to chronic inflammatory pathologies that are often sex-biased and regulated by sex hormones, including inflammatory bowel disease. Lipid mediators (LM) produced from polyunsaturated fatty acids by various lipoxygenases (LOX) and cyclooxygenases govern all stages of inflammation, i.e., the initiation and progression by pro-inflammatory eicosanoids and its resolution by specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM). Here, we reveal sex-specific differences in murine experimental colitis with male preponderance, which was abolished by sex hormone deprivation using gonadectomy, and this correlated to the levels of inflammation-relevant mediators in the colon. Oral dextran sodium sulfate administration caused more severe colon inflammation in male CD-1 mice than in female counterparts during the acute phase. Colitis in males yielded higher colonic cytokine/chemokine levels but lower 12-/15-LOX-derived LM including SPM compared to female animals in the resolving phase. Sex hormone deprivation in male mice by orchidectomy ameliorated colitis and impaired pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine levels but elevated 12-/15-LOX products including SPM, thus abolishing the observed sex differences. Conversely, ovariectomy impaired the levels of those LM that dominated in females and that were increased in males after gonadectomy. Our findings suggest that male sex hormones promote the development of colitis connected to the biosynthesis of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and certain LM, especially pro-resolving 12-/15-LOX products that appear to be suppressed in the male colon due to androgens.
Baseline Visit Phase 1: The screening portion of the CELF will be administered to the child to screen for language impairment. If a child is determined to be pre-verbal they will automatically qualify,If there is no language impairment, the subject will not be eligible. If language impairment is confirmed, the participant will immediately go on to the baseline visit of Phase 2.
Subjects had a clinically meaningful response to IV racemic ketamine and remained on other psychotropic medications during treatment with both IV ketamine and IN esketamine. Concomitant medication classes included CNS stimulants (n = 7), atypical antipsychotics (n = 6), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (n = 5), serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (n = 4), anticonvulsants (n = 3), antipsychotics (n = 3), mood stabilizers (n = 3), benzodiazepines (n = 2), norepinephrine/dopamine reuptake inhibitors (n = 2), alpha 2 antagonists (n=1), and sedative hypnotics (n = 1). Two patients (20%) previously underwent ECT with partial but transient relief from depressive symptoms, two (20%) failed TMS, and no patients reported any period of greater than 50% improvement during their current depressive episode prior to ketamine treatment.
Untreated PTSD appears to be a key risk factor for the transition from acute pain to chronic pain. Thus, reducing PTSD symptoms during an acute pain episode may potentially decrease the likelihood of transitioning to chronic pain. CPT is an evidence-based trauma-focused cognitive behavioral treatment that is hypothesized to reduce PTSD symptoms via reducing negative trauma-related cognitions about oneself, others, and the world. SGB treatment is an injection of a local anesthetic into the stellate ganglion, which is a bundle of nerves located at the base of the neck that is part of the sympathetic nervous system. Previous studies suggest that 1-week massed CPT and SGB treatment can both reduce the severity of PTSD symptoms in short periods of time via two distinct psychological and biological mechanisms.

This 4 year project will test study hypotheses in a sample of 345 individuals with PTSD symptoms who present to the presenting to the Rush University Medical Center ED or Rush's Primary Care and Preventive Medicine group with non-injury based acute pain. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive 1-week massed CPT, 2 SGB treatments, or usual care. All participants will complete identical self-report and/or clinician administered assessments at baseline (prior to randomization) and on study days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 56 (approximately 3 months after the initial ED presentation or Presentation to Preventive Medicine), and 112 (approximately 6 months after ED presentation or presentation to Preventive Medicine).
Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with early childhood onset characterized by impairments in communication, social interaction, and repetitive behavior. Due to the lack of known treatments for autism, many parents seek complementary and alternative medical (CAM) therapies hoping to help their affected child. Methylcobalamin (methyl B12) is a commonly used CAM treatment that has anecdotal reports of remarkable clinical improvements with few side effects. Prior studies have found that children with autism have deficiencies in key metabolites and antioxidants which can be caused by methyl B12 deficiency; additional studies have shown that methyl B12 normalizes deficiencies in these metabolites and antioxidants. Based on these reports, a pilot study was conducted at UC Davis on the effect of methyl B12 on the behavioral and metabolic measures in children with autism. The preliminary results of 29 subjects revealed a subgroup of 9 responders to clinical behavior assessments. These responders also demonstrated significant improvement on the plasma measures of antioxidant capacity, suggesting methyl B12 improves symptoms in a subgroup of children with autism by increasing key antioxidants. The current study will have an 8 week double blind design with 50 subjects, designed to evaluate improvements from methyl B12 by using behavioral assessments and analysis of specific metabolites in the subjects' blood. This study will determine whether methyl B12 will lead to benefits in any of the core features of autism, and will examine metabolic changes with the hope of potentially identifying a biomarker for treatment response in a subgroup of subjects.
Rare diseases (RDs) are defined as diseases that affect a low number of the population. Prenatal diagnoses of RDs can add a lot of unique stress for parents. For example, parents who have prenatal diagnoses experience not only grief of expectation, but are forced to become patient advocates with incomplete information as their child is not yet born, and in many cases parents experience a lot of uncertainty. This typically involves seeking support groups and finding pre- and postnatal specialists all which come with mental and financial cost. Here we discuss the importance of targeted patient resources for parents to help alleviate some of their stress. Patient advocacy organizations can be incredibly useful for parents to navigate the complex healthcare system and help mitigate feelings of isolation, especially when parents can talk to others in a similar situation. We collaborated with a patient organization to create a prenatal parent support guide to address how parental needs such as mental well-being and practicing self-care can be met. We hope that resources such as these can help empower those with a pregnancy affected with a RD diagnosis.
The invention discloses a detecting micro-needle with a strengthened Raman and a fluorescence signal and a preparation method of the detecting micro-needle. The detecting micro-needle is characterized in that a medical acupuncture needle is used a basis for preparation. A metal nanometer material layer and a high molecular material layer with a strengthened Raman and a fluorescence signal cover the surfaces of the needle body and the needle tip part of the micro-needle. The detecting micro-needle structure comprises a micro-needle with a mercapto and amination surface, a metal nanoparticle layer and a high molecular material layer. The metal nanoparticles with a diameter of 20-1000nm coat the surface of the acupuncture needle by a covalent bond or a static adsorption effect. The high molecular layer covers the protecting metal nanoparticles in the outmost layer. Raman and fluorescence detection of in vitro samples and sampling and minimally invasive sampling and Raman and fluorescence detection in organism can be carried out based on the features of the detecting micro-needle. A novel rapid and super-sensitive detecting method for in vivo and in vitro experiment research, clinical diagnosis and large sample screening is provided by the invention.
Subjects will be assigned a secondary mentor for 6 months. Subjects will also receive career development resources.
The review introduces the stages of formation and experimental confirmation of the hypothesis regarding the mutual potentiation of neuroprotective effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia during their combined influence (hypercapnic hypoxia). The main focus is on the mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the formation of ischemic tolerance in the brain during intermittent hypercapnic hypoxia. Importantly, the combined effect of hypoxia and hypercapnia exerts a more pronounced neuroprotective effect compared to their separate application. Some signaling systems are associated with the predominance of the hypoxic stimulus (HIF-1α, A1 receptors), while others (NF-κB, antioxidant activity, inhibition of apoptosis, maintenance of selective blood-brain barrier permeability) are mainly modulated by hypercapnia. Most of the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the formation of brain tolerance to ischemia are due to the contribution of both excess carbon dioxide and oxygen deficiency (ATP-dependent potassium channels, chaperones, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial metabolism reprogramming). Overall, experimental studies indicate the dominance of hypercapnia in the neuroprotective effect of its combined action with hypoxia. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of hypercapnic-hypoxic training in the treatment of childhood cerebral palsy and diabetic polyneuropathy in children. Combining hypercapnic hypoxia with pharmacological modulators of neuro/cardio/cytoprotection signaling pathways is likely to be promising for translating experimental research into clinical medicine.
Participants received MK-0941 5 mg during Period 1 and Placebo during Period 2. There was a washout period of at least 8 days between the two treatment periods.
Salivary duct carcinomas (SDC) of the parotid gland are rarely occurring highly malignant tumors. A 65-year-old man presented with a preauricular mass. After surgical treatment and histologic examination, the findings were interpreted as a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) metastasis of the parotid gland deriving from a cancer of unknown primary DD primary SCC of the parotid gland. Adjuvant platinum-based radiochemotherapy was administered in domo. However, re-staging revealed multiple size-progressive pulmonary round lesions. After resection and histological examination of a pulmonary mass and in synopsis with the primary tumor, the initial diagnosis of SCC was revised to SDC of the parotid gland. With positive HER-2 status, off-label trastuzumab/docetaxel was initiated in an individual healing attempt, during which the pulmonary metastases showed clear progression. Consequently, the patient received immunotherapy with nivolumab according to his negative PD-L1 status. After 57 cycles of nivolumab, the patient presents with partial remission and in good condition. We report, for the first time, a robust response of metastatic SDC to checkpoint inhibition with nivolumab without additional radiotherapy.
The current study was constructed to fabricate polyamide based nanofibrous scaffolds (NS) and to define the most promising one for the generation of cardiomyocytes from adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs). This purpose was extended to assess the potentiality of the generated cardiomyocytes in relieving myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. Production and characterization of NSs were carried out. ADMSCs were cultured on NS and induced to differentiate into cardiomyocytes by specific growth factors. Molecular analysis for myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2 C (MEF2C) and alpha sarcomeric actin (α-SCA) expression was done to confirm the differentiation of ADMSCs into cardiomyocytes for further transplantation into MI induced rats. Implantation of cells in MI afflicted rats boosted heart rate, ST height and PR interval and lessened P duration, RR, QTc and QRS intervals. Also, this type of medication minified serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) enzymes activity as well as serum and cardiac troponin T (Tn-T) levels and upraised serum and cardiac α-SCA and cardiac connexin 43 (CX 43) levels. Microscopic feature of cardiac tissue sections of rats in the treated groups revealed great renovation in the cardiac microarchitecture. Conclusively, this attempt gains insight into a realistic strategy for recovery of MI through systemic employment of in vitro generated cardiomyocytes.
This study is a single-arm phase II study of neoadjuvant osimertinib as monotherapy (or in combination with chemotherapy-to be considered only if the interim analysis of the ongoing NeoADAURA study would indicate futility of single-agent osimertinib) for the treatment of patients with resectable stage II-III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) sensitizing mutation (L858R or deletion in exon 19 \[Ex19del\]). Twenty subjects will be included in the study. Potential participants diagnosed with resectable (clinical stage II to IIIB) NSCLC will undergo pre-screening to identify if they carry an EGFR common mutation (Ex19del and/or L858R) - histologically or cytologically. Eligible subjects will receive neoadjuvant osimertinib 80 mg monotherapy once daily (QD) for 9 weeks (3 cycles) followed by surgery (Note: neoadjuvant osimertinib in combination with chemotherapy- will be considered only if the interim analysis of the ongoing NeoADAURA study would indicate futility of single-agent osimertinib). Osimertinib will be continued up to surgery. After surgery, outside of the study protocol the subjects may continue receiving osimertinib 80 mg QD for three years as adjuvant therapy (per local reimbursement), and/or other adjuvant therapy according to relevant standard of care (SoC; platinum + pemetrexed) until disease progression or death. The subjects will be followed up for safety (30 days after the surgery as part of the current protocol's assessments) and survival status (data to be collected as part of SOC, up to 5 years after the last dose of osimertinib).

Tumour specimens will be used for correlative studies to identify molecular mechanisms of tumour resistance to treatment. If available, formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumour biopsies will be collected at baseline. Resected tumour specimens will be collected during surgery. When possible, recurrence FFPE tumour biopsies will also be collected.
Sterile, disposable stainless-steel needles (0.30 mm × 25 mm) will be used. After skin sterilization, needles will be inserted into the same points as the acupuncture group but to a shallow depth of 2 to 3 mm and lightly manipulated for blinding. Paired alligator clips will be attached to the same points, but the sham EA apparatus will have no current output, though it mimics the active EA apparatus in appearance and sound. Sham sessions will follow the same schedule as the acupuncture group: three times a week for the first 4 weeks and twice a week for weeks 5 to 8, each lasting 40 minutes, totaling 20 sessions.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled carcinostatic agent having propylamine, etc. as functional group, and containing at least one of the secondary or tertiary amine of said amines, or their acid addition salts, as active component. CONSTITUTION:The objective metastasis-suppressing carcinostatic agent contains 1-90wt%, preferably 5-40wt% (based on the whole composition) active component composed of one or more compounds selected from the secondary or tertiary amine having the structure of formula I , II, III or IV (R is H or addition group such as 1-30C straight-chain hydrocarbon group, cyclic hydrocarbon group, etc.) and having 1-2 groups attached to the amino group, and their acid addition salts. The agent is administered in the form of tablet, capsule, powder, suppository, injection, etc., at a dose of 1-200mg of the active component per 1kg of the body weight daily, in 1- several divided doses. EFFECT:The agent inhibits the synthesis of spermidine in a cell, and accordingly, exhibits remarkable effect to suppress the growth of cancer cells and the metastasis of cancer to other organs.