anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Objective : The aim of the study is to investigate the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) in treating sepsis-induced coagulopathy ( SIC ). Methods : A retrospective controlled analysis was conducted on 230 patients with SIC at Ganzhou People's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2022. All patients were screened using propensity score matching and treated according to the SSC2016 guidelines. Compared with the control group (n = 115), patients in the test group (n = 115) received IVIg (200 mg/kg.d) for 3 consecutive days after admission. The rating scales, coagulation function, survival, and treatment duration were evaluated. Results : On day 3 of treatment, both groups exhibited reduced platelet and thromboelastogram (TEG) maximum amplitude (MA) levels, with the control group showing a more significant decrease ( P < 0.05). By the fifth day, these levels had recovered in both groups. However, the test group experienced a significant increase by day 7 ( P < 0.05). Coagulation factors II and X began to increase on day 3, and normalization was significantly faster in the test group on day 5 ( P < 0.05). The levels of prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, d -dimer, fibrinogen, fibrin degradation products, TEG-R, and TEG-K exhibited a notable decline on day 3 and demonstrated significantly faster recovery on day 5 in the test group ( P < 0.05). In addition, both groups showed a reduction in Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and lactate (LAC) levels on day 3, but the test group's scores decreased significantly more by day 7 ( P < 0.05). Within the test group, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, IL-6, and Tmax levels were lower ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, the test group demonstrated shorter duration for intensive care unit stay, mechanical ventilation, and continuous renal replacement therapy ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the duration of fever or vasoactive drug use between the groups. However, the log-rank method indicated a higher 28-day survival rate in the test group ( P < 0.05). Conclusion : IVIg can successfully increase platelet count and coagulation factors, correct coagulation disorders, enhance organ function, and reduce 28-day mortality in patients with SIC .
PCT No. PCT/US80/01708 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 28, 1981 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 28, 1981 PCT Filed Dec. 23, 1980 PCT Pub. No. WO81/01849 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 9, 1981.A prostate antigen distinct from prostatic acid phosphatase has been detected in normal, benign hypertrophic and malignant prostatic tissues, but not in other human tissues. The prostate antigen was purified to homogeneity from prostatic tissues by ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-BioGel A anion exchange chromatography, molecular sievings on Sephadex G-100 and Sephadex G-75, and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified prostate antigen shows a single protein band on analytical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. The molecular weight of purified antigen was estimated by Sephadex G-75 gel filtration to be 33,000 and by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to be 34,000 with no subunit. The prostate antigen had an isoelectric point of 6.9.
Allocated patients will be treated for the fistula by combined surgical debridement of the fistula tract, closure of the internal orifice and injection of 30 ml lipoaspirate around the entire length of the fistula tract. Lipoaspirate will be harvested from the anterior abdominal wall under the same operation. Two hours later, the patient will receive injection of 5 ml suspension including 30 million cultured allogenic adipose-derived regenerative cells ADRC001 and injected at the same site of the lipoaspirate injection.
Patients having elective coronary artery bypass grafting surgery, valve repair or replacement surgery, aortic repair or replacement surgery, or any combination of these surgeries will be recruited for this study to validate measurements of left ventricular volume and ejection fraction (a quantitative measure of general heart function) as assessed by 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D TEE) as compared to 3-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (3D TTE). Secondarily, we will also compare the 3D TEE assessment to the 2D TEE and TTE assessment, which is routinely performed simultaneously. Last, we will compare this assessment to a third method of quantification of cardiac function via a pulmonary artery catheter using thermodilution.
BACKGROUND: Despite the prevalence of echogenic foci floating in the urinary bladder seen in ultrasonography in dogs, surprisingly little has been written on its significance, including its potential association with urinalysis. The objective of the study was to determine the diagnostic value of the echogenic foci floating in urinary bladders in dogs.
RESULTS: - Cystosonography was performed on 45 dogs. Bladder contents were examined and divided into positive (containing echogenic particles) and negative (absent echogenic particles) groups according to the presence and absence of floating echogenic particles. Five mL of urine was collected via cystocentesis. Urine analysis and culture were done and the relationship between ultrasound evaluation and urinalysis results was investigated. In dogs with bladder echogenic particles in ultrasonography, the prevalence of hematuria, pyuria, bacteriuria, and lipiduria were 88.9%, 92.6%, 29.6%, and 70.3%, respectively. However, in dogs in which echogenic particles were not observed in their bladders, the prevalence of hematuria, pyuria, bacteriuria, and lipiduria was 77%, 50%, 5.5%, and 77%, respectively. There was a significant association between bladder debris and positive urine culture, with an odds ratio of 7.15 (95% confidence interval: 0.81-63.28) compared with matched controls. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between the presence of floating echogenic particles with pyuria, and urine color ( p ≤ 0.05).
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the present results showed the detection of bladder debris on ultrasound can be a predictor for pyuria and positive urine culture in dogs.
Human corneal fibrosis can lead to opacity and ultimately partial or complete vision loss. Currently, corneal transplantation is the only treatment for severe corneal fibrosis and comes with the risk of rejection and donor shortages. Sphingolipids (SPLs) are known to modulate fibrosis in various tissues and organs, including the cornea. We previously reported that SPLs are tightly related to both, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling and corneal fibrogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and S1P inhibition on specific TGF-β and SPL family members in corneal fibrosis. Healthy human corneal fibroblasts (HCFs) were isolated and cultured in EMEM + FBS + VitC (construct medium) on 3D transwells for 4 weeks. The following treatments were prepared in a construct medium: 0.1 ng/mL TGF-β1 (β1), 1 μM sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and 5 μM Sphingosine kinase inhibitor 2 (I2). Five groups were tested: (1) control (no treatment); rescue groups; (2) β1/S1P; (3) β1/I2; prevention groups; (4) S1P/β1; and (5) I2/β1. Each treatment was administered for 2 weeks with one treatment and switched to another for 2 weeks. Using Western blot analysis, the 3D constructs were examined for the expression of fibrotic markers, SPL, and TGF-β signaling pathway members. Scratch assays from 2D cultures were also utilized to evaluate cell migration We observed reduced fibrotic expression and inactivation of latent TGF-β binding proteins (LTBPs), TGF-β receptors, Suppressor of Mothers Against Decapentaplegic homologs (SMADs), and SPL signaling following treatment with I2 prevention and rescue compared to S1P prevention and rescue, respectively. Furthermore, we observed increased cell migration following stimulation with I2 prevention and rescue groups, with decreased cell migration following stimulation with S1P prevention and rescue groups after 12 h and 18 h post-scratch. We have demonstrated that I2 treatment reduced fibrosis and modulated the inactivation of LTBPs, TGF-β receptors, SPLs, and the canonical downstream SMAD pathway. Further investigations are warranted in order to fully uncover the potential of utilizing SphK I2 as a novel therapy for corneal fibrosis.
The white shrimp Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei is the most cultivated shrimp worldwide. Compared to other shrimp species, it has higher resistance to adverse conditions. During hypoxia, the shrimp reduces oxygen consumption and adjusts energy metabolism via anaerobic glycolysis, among other strategies. Hexokinase (HK) is the first enzyme of glycolysis and a key regulation point. In mammals and other vertebrates, there are several tissue-specific HK isoforms with differences in expression and enzyme activity. In contrast, crustacean HKs have been relatively little studied. We studied the P. vannamei HK isoforms during hypoxia and reoxygenation. We cloned two HK1 sequences named HK1-long (1455 bp) and HK1-short (1302 bp), and one HK2 (1344 bp). In normoxia, total HK1 expression is higher in hepatopancreas, while HK2 is higher in gills. Severe hypoxia (1 mg/L of DO) after 12 h exposure and 1 h of reoxygenation increased HK1 expression in both organs, but HK2 expression changed differentially. In hepatopancreas, HK2 expression increased in 6 and 12 h of hypoxia but diminished to normoxia levels after reoxygenation. In gills, HK2 expression decreased after 12 h of hypoxia. HK activity increased in hepatopancreas after 12 h hypoxia, opposite to gills. These results indicate that shrimp HK isoforms respond to hypoxia and reoxygenation in a tissue-specific manner. Intracellular glucose levels did not change in any case, showing the shrimp ability to maintain glucose homeostasis during hypoxia.
The recommended dilution is 200 Units/4 mL or 100 Units/2 mL, with a final concentration of 5 Units per 0.1 mL (see Table 1). The recommended dose for treating chronic migraine is 155 Units administered intramuscularly using a sterile 30-gauge, 0.5 inch needle as 0.1 mL (5 Units) injections per each site. Injections should be divided across 7 specific head/neck muscle areas as specified in the diagrams and Table 3 below. A one inch needle may be needed in the neck region for patients with thick neck muscles. With the exception of the procerus muscle, which should be injected at one site (midline), all muscles should be injected bilaterally with half the number of injection sites administered to the left, and half to the right side of the head and neck. The recommended re-treatment schedule is every 12 weeks.

Diagrams 1-4: Recommended Injection Sites (A through G) for Chronic Migraine

a Each IM injection site = 0.1 mL = 5 Units BOTOX

b Dose distributed bilaterally
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common form of skin cancer. The incidence of metastasis for cSCC is estimated to be around 1.2-5%. Ribosomal protein S6 (p-S6) and the p21 protein (p21) are two proteins that play central roles in other cancers. These proteins may be equally important in cSCC, and together, these could constitute a good candidate for metastasis risk assessment of these patients. We investigate the relationship of p-S6 and p21 expression with the impact on the prognosis of head and neck cSCC (cSCCHN). p-S6 and p21 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 116 patients with cSCCHN and associations sought with clinical characteristics. Kaplan-Meier estimators and Cox proportional hazard regression models were also used. The expression of p-S6 was significantly inversely associated with tumor thickness, tumor size, desmoplastic growth, pathological stage, perineural invasion and tumor buds. p21 expression was significantly inversely correlated with >6 mm tumor thickness, desmoplastic growth, and perineural invasion. p-S6-negative expression significantly predicted an increased risk of nodal metastasis (HR = 2.63, 95% CI 1.51-4.54; p < 0.001). p21 expression was not found to be a significant risk factor for nodal metastasis. These findings demonstrate that p-S6-negative expression is an independent predictor of nodal metastasis. The immunohistochemical expression of p-S6 might aid in better risk stratification and management of patients with cSCCHN.
Easily water-soluble polyfructosans from the storage organs of monocotyledon plants esp. from those of the family Liliaceus and Gramineus are used as diagnostic aid for kidney function. The pref. plants used are Urginea maritima, yielding Sinistrin, and Allium sativum. The roughly macerated plants are extracted with lower alcohol or acetone contg. 80-40% water. The extract is adjusted to pH 9, filtered and concd. and solvent is added so that no ppte. is formed. Acidification with HCl to pH 1-3 and addn. of excess solvent gives pptn. of polyfructosan (I) which is further purified. (I) are very water-soluble which compares favourably with known polyfructosan Inulin which is not very soluble in cold water. (I) are non-toxic and, upon parenteral administration, are not metabolised or changed in the body but excreted by the kidney. In an example, 100 kg. commercial sea onions are extracted as described using 30% aq. methanol as solvent, to yield 31.5 kg. of pure Sinistrin.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the best ways to image articular cartilage. One of the techniques which has shown great promise is the imaging technique called T1ρ (T1-rho). T1ρ is a modified pulse sequence from the standard T1 sequence used in the clinical MRI. Because the initial phases of arthritis occur at the molecular level, the main advantage of the T1ρ pulse sequence is that it is sensitive to proteoglycan. Proteoglycan is a molecule that is important to cartilage structure, and is lost as osteoarthritis develops. If we can show that this non-invasive tool can accurately assess cartilage damage and levels of proteoglycan, the clinical applications are numerous. The results can potentially help determine optimal surgical techniques and timing of surgical intervention to halt or slow the progression of arthritis, and will assist in the study of the effects of FAI and the success of the surgery performed to correct FAI.
A large animal model of chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) is crucial for the understanding the underlying pathophysiological processes of chronic CAD and consequences for cardiac structure and function. The goal of this study was to develop a chronic model of CAD in a swine model and to evaluate the changes of myocardial structure, myocardial motility, and myocardial viability during coronary stenosis. A total of 30 swine (including 24 experimental animals and 6 controls) were enrolled. The chronic ischemia model was constructed by using Ameroid constrictor in experimental group. The 24 experimental animals were further divided into 4 groups (6 animals in each group) and were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after operation for pathological examination, respectively. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) was performed preoperatively and weekly postoperatively until sacrificed both in experimental and control group. CMR cine images, rest/adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stress myocardial contrast perfusion and LGE were performed and analyzed. The rest wall thickening (WT) score was calculated from rest cine images. The MPRI (myocardial perfusion reserve index) and MPR (myocardial perfusion reserve) were calculated based on rest and stress perfusion images. Pathology staining including triphenyltetrazolium chloride, HE and picrosirus red staining were performed after swine were sacrificed and collagen volume fraction (CVF) was calculated. The time to formation of ischemic, hibernating, and infarcted myocardium was recorded. In experimental group, from 1w to 4w after surgery, the rest WT score decreased gradually from 35.2 ± 2.0%, 32.0 ± 2.9% to 30.5 ± 3.0% and finally 29.06 ± 1.78%, p < 0.001. Left ventricular ejection fraction was gradually impaired after modeling (58.9 ± 12.6%, 56.3 ± 10.1%, 55.3 ± 9.0%, 53.8 ± 9.9%, respectively). And the MPR and MPRI also decreased stepwise with extent of surgery time (MPRI dropped from 2.1 ± 0.4, 2.0 ± 0.2 to 1.8 ± 0.3 and finally 1.7 ± 0.1, p = 0.004; MPR dropped from 2.3 ± 0.4, 2.1 ± 0.2 to 1.9 ± 0.4 and finally 1.8 ± 0.1, p < 0.001). Stronger associations between MPR, MPRI and CVF were paralleled lower wall thickening scores in fibrosis-affected areas. The ischemic myocardium was first appeared in the first week after surgery (involving ten segments), hibernated myocardium was first appeared in the second week after surgery (involving seventeen segments). LGE was first appeared in eight swine in the third weeks after surgery (16 segments). At 4w after surgery, average 9.6 g scar tissue was found among 6 swine. At the same time, histological analysis established the presence of fibrosis and ongoing apoptosis in the infarcted area. In conclusion, our study provided valuable insights into the pathophysiological processes of chronic CAD and its consequences for cardiac structure and function in a large animal model through combining myocardial motion and stress perfusion.
Three 16-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of pioglitazone (15 mg and/or 30 mg) on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes who were inadequately controlled (HbA1c ≥ 8%) despite current therapy with a sulfonylurea, metformin, or insulin. In addition, three 24-week randomized, double-blind clinical trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of pioglitazone 30 mg vs. pioglitazone 45 mg on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes who were inadequately controlled (HbA1c ≥ 8%) despite current therapy with a sulfonylurea, metformin, or insulin. Previous diabetes treatment may have been monotherapy or combination therapy.

Add-on to Sulfonylurea Trials

Two clinical trials were conducted with pioglitazone hydrochloride in combination with a sulfonylurea. Both studies included patients with type 2 diabetes on any dose of a sulfonylurea, either alone or in combination with another antidiabetic agent. All other antidiabetic agents were withdrawn at least three weeks prior to starting study treatment.

In the first study, 560 patients were randomized to receive 15 mg or 30 mg of pioglitazone or placebo once daily for 16 weeks in addition to their current sulfonylurea regimen. Treatment with pioglitazone hydrochloride as add-on to sulfonylurea produced statistically significant improvements in HbA1c and FPG at endpoint compared to placebo add-on to sulfonylurea (see Table 20).

In the second trial, 702 patients were randomized to receive 30 mg or 45 mg of pioglitazone once daily for 24 weeks in addition to their current sulfonylurea regimen. The mean reduction from baseline at Week 24 in HbA1c was 1.6% for the 30 mg dose and 1.7% for the 45 mg dose (see Table 21). The mean reduction from baseline at Week 24 in FPG was 52 mg/dL for the 30 mg dose and 56 mg/dL for the 45 mg dose.

The therapeutic effect of pioglitazone hydrochloride in combination with sulfonylurea was observed in patients regardless of the sulfonylurea dose.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was to assess the relationship between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and mortality in patients with gastrointestinal (GIB) bleeding in the intensive care unit (ICU).
METHODS: The information of the participants was obtained from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database. The main outcome of this research was 30/90-day mortality, with ICU mortality and in-hospital mortality as secondary outcomes.
RESULTS: This research included 2924 patients with gastrointestinal bleeding in total. Patients with higher RDW had considerably higher 30/90-day and in-hospital mortality rates, as well as longer hospital stays and ICU stays. According to the Kaplan-Meier analysis, the 30/90-day mortality rate was remarkably higher among participants in the higher RDW group (P < 0.0001). In the adjusted multivariate Cox regression analysis, for 30-day mortality, the HR (95% CI) was 1.75 (1.37, 2.24) in comparison to Q1 in the reference group (P < 0.001). Analyses of 90-day mortality and in-hospital mortality both showed the same results. In the subgroup analysis, gender, myocardial infarction, chronic pulmonary disease, cerebrovascular disease and renal disease had no significant effect on the correlation between RDW values and mortality (all P > 0.05). The area under the ROC curve for RDW was 0.599 (95% CI 0.581-0.617) and 0.606 (95% CI 0.588-0.624) in 30/90-day ICU mortality.
CONCLUSION: The current research showed that RDW could be utilized as an independent indicator of short-term mortality in critically ill GIB patients at 30 and 90 days of hospital admission.
Participants will be provided with educational material to increase their fruit and vegetable intake to meet 5-a-day guidelines via exclusive intake of whole fruits/vegetables . They will receive £10/week supermarket vouchers during the intervention period to support fruit/vegetable purchase. They will receive a further £60 on completion of the study.
OBJECTIVE: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays an important role in mammalian thermogenesis through the expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Our previous study identified cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 2 (CPEB2) as a key regulator that activates the translation of Ucp1 with a long 3'-untranslated region (Ucp1L) in response to adrenergic signaling. Mice lacking CPEB2 or Ucp1L exhibited reduced UCP1 expression and impaired thermogenesis; however, only CPEB2-null mice displayed obesogenic phenotypes. Hence, this study aims to investigate how CPEB2-controlled translation impacts body weight.
METHODS: Body weight measurements were conducted on mice with global knockout (KO) of CPEB2, UCP1 or Ucp1L, as well as those with conditional knockout of CPEB2 in neurons or adipose tissues. RNA sequencing coupled with bioinformatics analysis was used to identify dysregulated gene expression in CPEB2-deficient BAT. The role of CPEB2 in regulating PRD1-BF1-RIZ1 homologous-domain containing 16 (PRDM16) expression was subsequently confirmed by RT-qPCR, Western blotting, polysomal profiling and luciferase reporter assays. Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) expressing CPEB2 or PRDM16 were delivered into BAT to assess their efficacy in mitigating weight gain in CPEB2-KO mice.
RESULTS: We validated that defective BAT function contributed to the increased weight gain in CPEB2-KO mice. Transcriptomic profiling revealed upregulated expression of genes associated with muscle development in CPEB2-KO BAT. Given that both brown adipocytes and myocytes stem from myogenic factor 5-expressing precursors, with their cell-fate differentiation regulated by PRDM16, we identified that Prdm16 was translationally upregulated by CPEB2. Ectopic expression of PRDM16 in CPEB2-deprived BAT restored gene expression profiles and decreased weight gain in CPEB2-KO mice.
CONCLUSIONS: In addition to Ucp1L, activation of Prdm16 translation by CPEB2 is critical for sustaining brown adipocyte function. These findings unveil a new layer of post-transcriptional regulation governed by CPEB2, fine-tuning thermogenic and metabolic activities of brown adipocytes to control body weight.
No treatment will be applied to the patients in the control group. Pain measurement will be made with Visual Analog Scale before drain removal, immediately after drain removal, and 15 minutes later.