anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: Obesity is linked to perturbations in energy balance mechanisms, including ghrelin and leptin actions at the hypothalamic circuitry of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and melanocortin. However, information about the regulation of this system in the periphery is still scarce. Our objective was to study the regulation of the NPY/melanocortin system in the adipose tissue (AT) and evaluate its therapeutic potential for obesity and type 2 diabetes.
METHODS: The expression of the NPY/melanocortin receptors' levels was assessed in the visceral AT of individuals with obesity and altered metabolism. Protein levels of these receptors were evaluated in cultured adipocytes incubated with ghrelin (30 and 100 ng/mL) and leptin (1 and 10 nM) and in the AT of an animal model with a mutation in the leptin receptor (ZSF1 rat), to understand their regulation by leptin and ghrelin. The vertical sleeve gastrectomy animal model was used to evaluate the putative therapeutic potential of the NPY/melanocortin system.
RESULTS: In this study, we unravelled that leptin (1 nM and 10 nM) selectively reduced the levels of NPY5R and MC3R but no other NPYR/MCRs in cultured adipocytes. In turn, acylated ghrelin (100 ng/mL) significantly increased NPY1R, but the inhibition of its receptor also abrogates MC3R levels. However, in the Lepr-deficient ZSF1 rat, both NPY5R and MC3R levels were reduced, along with other NPYRs and MCRs, suggesting that leptin resistance negatively affects NPY and melanocortin signalling. In human adipose tissue, we found a downregulation of genes encoding the NPY and melanocortin receptors in the visceral AT of individuals with obesity and insulin resistance, being correlated with genes regulating metabolic activity. Additionally, diabetic obese rats submitted to vertical sleeve gastrectomy showed increased levels of NPY, melanocortin, ghrelin, and leptin receptors in the AT, including MC3R, suggesting it may constitute a therapeutic target in obesity.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the AT NPY/melanocortin system, particularly the MC3R, may be involved in the neuroendocrine regulation of adipocyte metabolism. Altogether, our work shows MC3R is under the control of the ghrelin/leptin duo, is reduced in patients with obesity and prediabetes, and may constitute a therapeutic target in obesity.
Web-based weight management system with peer-based conversation possibility. Three groups of 10-14 participants who gather together for three nurse-lead sessions in the weeks 0, 5, and 12. The web-based program can be used for a year.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a transparent or a translucent gel composition having extremely light slip when skin, etc., are coated with a gel-like oily ingredient and massage is carried out, excellent stability with time and a good feeling of use and to provide a method for preparing the gel composition.  <P>SOLUTION: The gel composition is characterized as follows. The gel composition comprises one or two or more kinds of multi-chain and multi-hydrophilic group type compounds having ≥2 long-chain hydrophobic groups and ≥2 hydrophilic groups in the molecule, respectively, one or two or more kinds of polyhydroxyl compounds having ≥2 hydroxy groups in the molecule and the one or two or more kinds of oily ingredients. The degree of neutralization for the acid value of the multi-chain and multi-hydrophilic group type surfactant contained therein is ≥0.1 to <0.9. The method for preparing the gel composition is characterized as mixing at least one kind of regulator for the degree of neutralization selected from the group consisting of an organic acid, an inorganic acid, an organic base and an inorganic base and regulating the degree of neutralization for the acid value of the multi-chain and multi-hydrophilic group type compounds to ≥0.1 to <0.9.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Sixty sex-matched subjects (30 males and 30 females) belonging to a common age group (30-39 yrs) were enrolled for the study to eliminate bias from confounding factors. They were divided into three groups consisting of 20 subjects in each group based on the clinical and radiological parameters; Periodontally healthy (Group I), Chronic gingivitis (Group II) and chronic periodontitis ( Group IIIa) from whom serum samples were collected. The Group IIIb further comprised of the subjects from Group IIIa, who had received non-surgical periodontal therapy (scaling and root planing). Serum samples were collected at baseline and at 12 weeks post therapy. Fetuin A and MMP-7 concentration was determined from serum samples of patients using ELISA. The results of our study depicted that Fetuin A concentration negatively correlates, whereas, MMP7 positively correlates with the extent of periodontal inflammation. Further, Periodontal therapy demonstrated a significant increase in serum Fetuin A and decrease in MMP 7 levels establishing the influence of periodontal therapy in stabilizing their levels.
In the experimental group, patients will receive both routine care and mandala painting. Experimental group will paint mandala for 30 minutes/day in the evening for six consecutive days.
In addition to the neurological rehabilitation program, the VRRG group will receive both robotic rehabilitation and t-VNS 2 days a week. Some evaluations will be made by the researcher at two different time periods throughout the study. These time periods will be planned and carried out immediately before the study and after the 6-week treatment.
Pain and anxiety experienced during diagnosis and treatment in cancer patients affect the physical, psychological, and interpersonal well-being of individuals and affect their lives in all aspects. Nurses play a very important role in pain control. Pain control is very important in terms of ensuring the comfort of patients and increasing their quality of life. In order to provide this control; nurses can use non-pharmacological treatment methods that they can apply independently in pain management. Patients experience procedural pain during insertion and removal of an implantable port catheter, which is one of the painful invasive procedures that are placed under the skin with a small incision, and insertion of a needle into the port catheter. When the literature is examined, it is seen that there are a limited number of studies in which non-pharmacological methods are used in the control of pain and anxiety related to the implantable venous port catheter procedure, and in these studies, distraction, music therapy, and inhaler aromatherapy. However, no study was found in which cold application was used to reduce the pain and anxiety caused by the removal of the port catheter in cancer patients. Therefore, the aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of cold application on procedural pain and anxiety associated with port catheter removal, which is frequently used in the treatment of cancer patients. Cold therapy as an independent nursing intervention in reducing anxiety and pain management during port catheter removal in cancer/oncology patients; can be transferred to clinical practice by oncology nurses, improving the quality of nursing care, ensuring patient safety, and increasing patient satisfaction. In addition, the results of the research may contribute to the literature in terms of increasing evidence-based information on the use of the cold application in procedural pain and anxiety control in cancer patients.
The optimal pH range of collagenase is 6 to 8. Higher or lower pH conditions will decrease the enzyme’s activity and appropriate precautions should be taken. The enzymatic activity is also adversely affected by certain detergents, and heavy metal ions such as mercury and silver which are used in some antiseptics. When it is suspected such materials have been used, the site should be carefully cleansed by repeated washings with normal saline before Collagenase Santyl◊ Ointment is applied. Soaks containing metal ions or acidic solutions should be avoided because of the metal ion and low pH. Cleansing materials such as Dakin’s solution and normal saline are compatible with Collagenase Santyl◊ Ointment.

Debilitated patients should be closely monitored for systemic bacterial infections because of the theoretical possibility that debriding enzymes may increase the risk of bacteremia.

A slight transient erythema has been noted occasionally in the surrounding tissue, particularly when Collagenase Santyl◊ Ointment was not confined to the wound. Therefore, the ointment should be applied carefully within the area of the wound. Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate bowel preparation burden, rectal pain and abdominal discomfort levels and to determine the association between demographic characteristics and those levels among participants undergoing CT colonography and colonoscopy.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in eligible Thai citizens who consented to participate all four visits of a free colorectal cancer screening protocol. Three levels (mild, moderate and severe) of burden, pain and discomfort were used to ask the perspective of participants at the final visit, one week after undergoing those two procedures.
RESULTS: Data from 1,271 participants completed for analyses - females 815 (64.1%), males 456 (35.9%). The majority of participants experienced mild burden, pain and discomfort. Association between characteristic groups and burden levels differed regarding own income, chronic disease and laxative. Between characteristic groups and pain and discomfort levels differed regarding own income and chronic disease. Participants without their own income rated severe burden lower than those who had (p<0.001), but those without chronic disease rated moderate burden lower than who had (p=0.003). Participants prepared bowel with spilt-dose of PEG rated moderate burden higher than those who prepared with NaP (p<0.001). Participants undergoing CT colonography without their own income and presenting no chronic disease faced severe rectal pain lower than those who had (p<0.001 and p=0.04). Participants without their own income rated moderate and severe abdominal discomfort lower than those who had (p<0.01 and p=0.008). Participants undergoing colonoscopy without their own income and no chronic diseases faced severe rectal pain lower than those who had (p<0.001 and p=0.007). Participants without their own income and no chronic disease rated severe abdominal discomfort lower than those who had (p<0.001 and p=0.005).
CONCLUSION: Evaluating the perspectives of customers alongside quality improvement and innovation to reduce unpleasant experiences remains needed in CT colonography and colonoscopy to promote CRC screening.
* This study is an extension of the prospective pilot study conducted in 2020 under the title of "Development of 3D fetal avatar generation technology and fetal experience service technology reflecting the characteristics of pregnant women". In a previous study, about 80% of the mothers who responded to the questionnaire about the similarity of the avatar's fetal face gave a positive answer. Therefore, the developed 3D avatar fetal feeling technology is expected to have a positive effect on the intimacy between the mother and the fetus. want to analyze Pre-developed VR technology is provided through randomization to mothers who have agreed to participate in the study. In addition, objective comparison of prenatal care indicators is provided to mothers who wish to participate in this study by providing a prenatal management application that can comprehensively manage blood pressure, blood sugar, diet, exercise, maternal weight, medications, and expected fetal weight. We intend to evaluate the evaluation and maternal satisfaction.
* If technology and services for simulating a fetus with a 3D fetal avatar are provided, mothers can obtain information such as the face and developmental status of the fetus specialized for their fetus through the 3D fetal avatar. In addition, providing a fetal heart rate simulation linked to the fetal heart sound improves the bond between the mother and the fetus, which can have a positive effect on health, as well as reducing depression during pregnancy and postpartum.
To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC at 1-800-551-7176 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.

In a series of 225 patients, there were 6 deaths (see CLINICAL STUDIES). Cardiovascular events (hypotension, congestive heart failure, bradycardia, and heart block) were the most common. The only other event reported by more than one patient was nausea.

Other adverse events for intravenous propranolol, reported during postmarketing surveillance include cardiac arrest, dyspnea, and cutaneous ulcers.

The following adverse events have been reported with use of formulations of sustained- or immediate-release oral propranolol and may be expected with intravenous propranolol.
A compound is provided for increasing the concentration of a parent androgen in a subject in vivo. The parent androgen has a skeletal structure including a 1 position and a 17 position, a 17β-hydroxy group comprising a 17β-hydroxy oxygen appended to the 17 position, and a 17β-hydroxy hydrogen appended to the 17β-hydroxy oxygen. The compound includes a substrate having the skeletal structure of the parent androgen. It includes a 1 position and a 17 position corresponding to the 1 and 17 positions respectively of the parent androgen. The substrate has a carbon-carbon double bond at the 1 position. The compound also has a promoiety appended to the 17β-hydroxy oxygen of the substrate as a substitute for the 17β-hydroxy hydrogen of the parent androgen. The promoiety includes, and preferably consists of, an alkylcarbonate ester. A related method also is provided.
After secondary alveolar bone grafting, the outcome of bone formation is always a problem that leads to repeat surgery. Bone formation is closely related to the inflammatory and immune status of patients. To achieve better bone formation results, this study aimed to investigate the influence of preoperative inflammatory indicators on the bone survival ratio (BSR) of secondary alveolar bone grafting. A retrospective study was conducted on 62 patients who underwent surgery by the same surgeon between January 2016 to December 2022. Demographic and laboratory data were included as independent variables. The BSR calculated from computed tomography data was included as the dependent variable. Pearson correlation analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were performed. The analysis results revealed significant correlations between BSR and preoperative inflammatory markers, including neutrophil percentage, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte percentage (L%), lymphocyte count, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio. Multiple linear regression identified L% as an independent factor of BSR, with lower L% associated with higher BSR. Preoperative inflammatory markers may influence BSR after alveolar bone grating. A lower value of L% indicates a better postoperative bone formation outcome. Understanding these associations can aid clinicians in treatment planning and patient stratification.
This is a community-based prospective cohort study in China. Individuals who were aged 60 years or older, had lived in the communities for more than 1 year, and had signed the informed consent form were enrolled in the present study. The study has been initiated in 2024 and aimed to explore the risk factors related to disability and dementia in the elderly Chinese population, and develop a risk prediction model for disability and dementia. This work consists of three steps as follows. First, by integrating the data of the elderly cohort of 4 communities in Beijing, Shenzhen, Haikou and Hangzhou, we plan to establish a Chinese elderly database. Second, to explore the risk factors of disability and dementia in elderly Chinese. Third, to construct risk prediction models of disability and dementia in Chinese elderly.
A dose-escalation-study according ICH/GCP (International Conference on Harmonisation/Good Clinical Practice) with different concentrations of abnobaVISCUM® Fraxini is conducted in two hospitals in Germany and Egypt. Patients with superficial bladder cancer TaG1/G2 or T1G1/G2 are enclosed after TUR-B (transurethral resection bladder). The tolerability of the different concentrations is assessed after weekly instillations into the urinary bladder for 6 weeks. A direct antitumoral effect is assessed on a single marker tumor left in the bladder after a complete TUR of all other lesions according a study design established by the EORTC-GENITO-URINARY GROUP (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer). A re-TUR is conducted after 12 weeks. Tumor response is measured by biopsy of the marker lesion and by cytology. Safety of the instillations is measured by analysis of adverse events, vital signs and clinical laboratory tests. After treatment of a cohort is finished a safety evaluation is conducted to decide about the increase to the next dosage.
BACKGROUND: There is a close linkage between anxiety disorders (ADs), and development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to investigate left atrial function index (LAFI) and its components, LA mechanical functions and atrial conduction times in AD patients and age- and gender-matched control group patients for the first time in the literature.
METHODS: A total of 48 AD patients and 33 healthy subjects were enrolled to the study prospectively. Echocardiographic parameters including two-dimensional conventional echocardiography, diastolic functions, LA mechanical functions, LAFI, atrial conduction times and atrial electromechanical delay (AEMD) were calculated.
RESULTS: The velocity-time integral of the LV outflow tract (LVOT-VTI), LAFI and LA conduit volume were significantly lower in AD patients. Atrial electromechanical coupling as established from lateral mitral annulus (PA lateral) was significantly higher in AD group than control group. Inter-AEMD and left intra-AEMD were also higher in AD group compared to control group. Age, gender, body surface area (BSA), conduit volume, LVOT-VTI and LAFI were significant factors associated with AD in univariate analysis. However, only BSA and LVOT-VTI (Odds ratio [OR]: 0.79, 95 CI%: 0.66-0.95, p = 0.013) were independently associated with AD in multivariate analysis. Age, gender, conduit volume and LAFI (OR: 0.25, 95 CI%: 0.03-2.12, p = 0.204) were not found to be independent associates of AD.
CONCLUSION: LAFI is impaired in patients suffering from AD compared to their age- and gender-matched counterparts but this impairment originates from lower levels of LVOT-VTI calculations in AD patients. Thus, LVOT-VTI, but not LAFI, is independently associated with AD.
This trial is designed as a multicentre, phase II, open-labeled, single intra-venous (IV) dose study. The patient is to receive general anesthesia. WST11-mediated VTP will consist of the combination of a single IV administration of WST11 at doses of 2 mg/Kg,4mg/Kg or 6 mg/kg, using 753 nm laser light at a fixed power (150mW/cm) and energy (200 J/cm) delivered through transperineal interstitial optical fibers. If deemed necessary and in consideration of the results of the patients treated with 200 J/cm, alternate power (200mW/cm) and alternate energy (300 J/cm) might be applied after Sponsor, Steering Committee and DSMB approval.The fibers are introduced into transparent needles that are positioned in the prostate under ultra sound image guidance (using a brachytherapy like template). The tumor location is established using transrectal biopsy and MR imaging. The number of fibers and the total light energy will be adapted to each patient, taking into account the tumor localization and the volume of the prostate.
Timolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist.

It blocks both beta1-and beta2-adrenergic receptors. Timolol does not have significant intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, local anesthetic (membrane-stabilizing) or direct myocardial depressant activity.

Timolol, when applied topically in the eye, reduces normal and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) whether or not accompanied by glaucoma. Elevated intraocular pressure is a major risk factor in the pathogenesis of glaucomatous visual field loss. The higher the level of IOP, the greater the likelihood of glaucomatous visual field loss and optic nerve damage. The predominant mechanism of ocular hypotensive action of topical beta-adrenergic blocking agents is likely due to a reduction in aqueous humor production.

In general, beta-adrenergic blocking agents reduce cardiac output both in healthy subjects and patients with heart diseases. In patients with severe impairment of myocardial function, beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents may inhibit sympathetic stimulatory effect necessary to maintain adequate cardiac function. In the bronchi and bronchioles, beta-adrenergic receptor blockade may also increase airway resistance because of unopposed parasympathetic activity.

Pharmacokinetics

When given orally, timolol is well absorbed and undergoes considerable first pass metabolism. Timolol and its metabolites are primarily excreted in the urine. The half-life of timolol in plasma is approximately 4 hours.

Clinical Studies

In two controlled multicenter studies in the U.S., timolol ophthalmic solution 0.5% were compared with respective timolol maleate eyedrops. In these studies, the efficacy and safety profile of timolol ophthalmic solution was similar to that of timolol maleate.
Purpose: Individuals with psychiatric disorders are at increased risk for treatment non-adherence and related complications, especially during transitions of care. Medication reconciliation is now a standard process during hospital admissions that is uniformly recommended by international organizations to aid in safe and effective care transitions. Pharmacy-led medication reconciliation (PMR) practices are poised to represent a standardized method of reconciliation attempt within this underserved population with complex medication histories. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study using medical chart review was conducted for all adults admitted to the inpatient psychiatric service at a community hospital in Buffalo, NY, during 2 months in 2018. Outcomes were 30- and 180-day psychiatric readmission rates, 30- and 180-day visit rates to the outpatient comprehensive psychiatric emergency program (CPEP), and composite 30- and 180-day relapse. Receipt of pharmacy-led medication reconciliation was identified from pharmacy documentation in the electronic medical record. Results: 78% of patient's medication lists on admission were reconciled, with 49% of reconciliations made by the inpatient pharmacy. Presence of a PMR did not alter the odds of inpatient readmission alone, however patients without a PMR were found to have 2.13 times higher odds of visiting the hospital's outpatient CPEP within 30-days (P = .012) and 1.9 times higher odds of any composite psychiatric relapse within 30-days (P = .024). Conclusions: Implementation of hospital-wide pharmacy-led medication reconciliation on admission may help reduce psychiatric relapse across multiple care settings.