anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Carthamus tinctorius L., a traditional herbal medicine used for atherosclerosis (AS), lacks a clear understanding of its therapeutic mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Carthamus tinctorius L.-derived nanovesicles (CDNVs) in AS treatment.
METHODS: CDNVs were isolated and characterized using improved isolation methods. Transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and protein analysis confirmed their morphology, size, and protein composition. Small RNA sequencing was performed to identify the miRNA profile of CDNVs, and bioinformatics analysis was used to determine their potential biological roles. In vivo biodistribution and toxicity studies were conducted in mice to assess the stability and safety of orally administered CDNVs. The anti-atherosclerotic effects of CDNVs were evaluated in ApoE-/- mice through plaque burden analysis. The protective effects of CDNVs on ox-LDL-treated endothelial cells were assessed through proliferation, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species activation, and monocyte adhesion assays. miRNA and mRNA sequencing of CDNV-treated endothelial cells were performed to explore their regulatory effects and potential target genes.
RESULTS: CDNVs were successfully isolated and purified from Carthamus tinctorius L. tissue lysates. They exhibited a saucer-shaped or cup-shaped morphology, with an average particle size of 142.6 ± 0.7 nm, and expressed EV markers CD63 and TSG101. CDNVs contained proteins, small RNAs, and metabolites, including the therapeutic compound HSYA. Small RNA sequencing identified 95 miRNAs, with 10 common miRNAs accounting for 72.63% of the total miRNAs. These miRNAs targeted genes involved in cell adhesion, apoptosis, and cell proliferation, suggesting their relevance in cardiovascular disease. Orally administered CDNVs were stable in the gastrointestinal tract, absorbed into the bloodstream, and accumulated in the liver, lungs, heart, and aorta. They significantly reduced the burden of atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE-/- mice and exhibited superior effects compared to HSYA. In vitro studies demonstrated that CDNVs were taken up by HUVECs, promoted proliferation, attenuated ox-LDL-induced apoptosis and ROS activation, and reduced monocyte adhesion. CDNV treatment resulted in significant changes in miRNA and mRNA expression profiles of HUVECs, with enrichment in inflammation-related genes. CXCL12 was identified as a potential direct target of miR166a-3p.
CONCLUSION: CDNVs isolated from Carthamus tinctorius L. tissue lysates represent a promising oral therapeutic option for cardiovascular diseases. The delivery of miRNAs by CDNVs regulates inflammation-related genes, including CXCL12, in HUVECs, suggesting their potential role in modulating endothelial inflammation. These findings provide valuable insights into the therapeutic potential of CDNVs and their miRNAs in cardiovascular disease.
Nutritionist-delivered weight loss intervention though diet modification with an aim of 10% weightloss over a year long intervention based on the DPP and LookAHEAD interventions. Participants meet with a nutritionist individually and in small groups. Participants receive general information about diet and behavior strategies such as self-monitoring, goal-setting, stimulus-control, problem-solving, and relapse-prevention training. Participants learn to set a calorie goal and a fat gram goal and how to achieve the goal calorie reduction. Meetings are held weekly during the first 6 months of the diet program but taper off over the course of the study.
The invention discloses a sustained or controlled release microsphere of valnemulin/valnemulin salts and a preparation method thereof. The sustained or controlled release microsphere is a porous spherical structure with grain size being 0.1-100 microns. The sustained or controlled release microsphere adopts a chitosan microsphere as a polymer carrier. A chemical or biological crosslinking agent is used to carry out crosslinking polymerization on the chitosan in the preparation process. A preparation method of the chitosan microsphere carrier comprises the steps of preparation of chitosan solution, preparation of crosslinking agent solution, preparation of an emulsifying agent, emulsion preparation of a sustained or controlled release microsphere carrier and the like. The preparation method provided by the invention is characterized by adopting single-autoclave operation or double-autoclave operation to adsorb valnemulin/valnemulin salts in a porous microsphere carrier obtained by crosslinking the chitosan and the crosslinking agent through carbon dioxide supercritical impregnation. The sustained or controlled release microsphere and the preparation method have the following technical progresses: the target product provided by the invention has the characteristics of prolonged drug action time and improved stability, has drug loading of 1-10% and is used for preventing pigs, cattle, sheep and poultry from being infected by mycoplasmosis and gram positive bacterium.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an insulin analog formulation stable for a long period and suitable for commercial use. SOLUTION: This formulation is a parenteral pharmaceutical preparation which comprises a soluble phase containing a monomeric insulin analog having a super-rapid time-action profile and insulin-NPH crystal which contains 0.25-0.30 mg protamine per 100 U insulin; wherein the soluble phase contains insulin at <20% (pref. <10%) relative to the concentration of the total soluble proteins. The monomeric insulin analog is esp. pref. LysB<28> ProB<29> -human insulin (Lys lies on B28 site, and Pro on B29 site). Furthermore, it is preferable that, prior to mixing with the soluble analog portion, the insulin-NPH crystal is held for 2 days or longer so as to age and stabilize the crystal. This formulation becomes minimum in the equilibrium exchange expected between the solid phase and the soluble phase, and is stable over a long period.
Participants act as their own controls. They first use the Control device, which includes the pattern recognition controller, 8 electrodes, batteries, socket, frame, and prosthesis terminal device (hand/wrist/elbow). Participants are then transitioned to the Experimental device, which includes the RESCU controller, Apple iPad, 8 electrodes, batteries, socket, frame, and prosthesis terminal device (hand/wrist/elbow).
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.

Adverse Reactions in Study 1 

Table 1 lists the adverse reactions that occurred in at least 2% of patients with Parkinson's disease who were treated with INBRIJA 84 mg and higher than placebo for OFF periods in Study 1 [see Clinical Studies (14)].  Study 1 was a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, in which 114 patients received INBRIJA 84 mg (two 42 mg capsules) for an average of 2 doses per day, to a maximum of 5 times a day, and 112 patients received placebo. INBRIJA-treated patients were 45-82 years of age (mean 63.5 years of age) and were predominantly male (72%) and white (94%). All patients were also treated with oral carbidopa/levodopa. The most common adverse reactions (≥ 5% and higher than placebo) in Study 1 were cough, nausea, upper respiratory tract infection, and sputum discolored. 

Adverse Reactions Leading to Discontinuation in Study 1

In Study 1, 6 of 114 patients (5%) in the INBRIJA 84 mg group and 3 of 112 patients (3%) in the placebo group discontinued because of adverse reactions. The most common of these adverse reactions was cough, which lead to discontinuation in 2% of patients in the INBRIJA 84 mg group and none in the placebo group.
McKenzie exercises will be performed three days in a week. Treatment will continue an hour in per session for 8 weeks.
The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition used for treating ulcerative colitis. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease happening at colon and rectum parts. The causes of UC are complicated, and UC is one of clinical incurable diseases. The disease is caused by intrinsic dampness. Evils of dampness and heat toxin attack the intestines, and a struggle is held between the vital energy and the evils. Under the struggle, even intestinal mucosa carbuncle ulcers are caused. Aiming at the problem, the medicine composition provided by the invention adopts traditional Chinese medicines with heat clearing, dampness eliminating, and pain prioritizing functions, such as large angiopteris rhizome, dandelion, medicinal fatheadtree stem and bark, ash bark, wilson barberry root, largehead atractylodes rhizome, red peony root, hispid Chinese knotweed root, rhubarb, and tsao-ko amomum fruit. The traditional Chinese medicines are prepared into an enema. As a result of clinical experiments in our hospital, a total effective rate reaches 96.7%. The total effective rate and clinical improvement conditions are better than a control group. Therefore, the traditional Chinese medicine composition is worthy of clinical application.
A method to induce ES cells to the cardiac phenotype is disclosed whereby avian precardiac endoderm used as feeder/inducer cells induce high percentage conversion of mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells into cardiac myocytes. Upon induction, the majority (˜65%) of co-cultured ES cell-derived embryoid bodies (EBs) become enriched in cardiac myocytes and exhibit rhythmic contractions. When precardiac mesoderm is included with the precardiac endoderm, ˜100% of EBs become rhythmically contractile. The inductive effect of the precardiac endoderm/mesoderm is mimicked by medium conditioned by these cells. Within each EB induced by medium conditioned by precardiac endoderm/mesoderm, over 80% of the cells become cardiac myocytes. The inductive efficacy of medium conditioned by avian precardiac endoderm/mesoderm provides a platform to biochemically define factors that induce cardiac myocyte differentiation in ES cells, and provides a platform for developing other methods for directing the development of particular cells from stem cells.
Provided are a novel, percutaneously-absorbed pharmaceutical composition for external application and a method for manufacturing the same. The composition is a pharmaceutical composition, for external application, formed by formulating a fatty acid ester and a fatty acid glycerol ester into an organic gel. More specifically, the composition is formed by using a medicament such as a non-anesthetic analgesic as an active ingredient, and combining it with a fatty acid ester and a fatty acid glycerol ester to form the state of an organic gel. The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention significantly improves the skin permeability of a medicament such as a non-anesthetic analgesic, and it is capable of allowing a sufficient amount of medicament to continuously permeate the skin. Since the pharmaceutical composition is in the state of an organic gel, it is readily applicable to a usable preparation. Further, the pharmaceutical composition has high drug release rate, and it can be used to achieve effective use of a medicament. Thus, the pharmaceutical composition is highly useful.
BACKGROUND: Ischemic stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and neuroinflammation has been recognized as a critical player in its progression. Meanwhile, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor (PCSK9i) has been demonstrated to inhibit inflammatory response. However, the effects of PCSK9i on ischemic stroke remain unclear and require further investigation.
METHODS: Temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) was performed to establish animal models of ischemic stroke in C57BL/6 mice. The PCSK9i were administered subcutaneously after 2 h tMCAO. Neurological function and cerebral infarct volume were measured by mNSS and TTC staining, respectively. RNA-seq was performed to investigate the changes in mechanistic pathways. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were applied to detect expression of GPNMB, CD44, IL-6, and iNOS.
RESULTS: Treatment with PCSK9i significantly improved neurological deficits and reduced the volume of cerebral infarction. PCSK9i suppressed neuroinflammation by activating the GPNMB/CD44 signaling pathway, further exerting their protective effects.
CONCLUSION: Taken together, treatment with PCSK9i is an effective way to prevent ischemic stroke-induced brain injury.
Patients in active labor and diagnosed with category II CTG will be enrolled and randomized into two groups. Full randomization will be performed by Excel software by generating random numbers using the "Randomise (RAND)" function The "Fetal Reserve Index" algorithm will be applied to the first group of patients. In in these patients the fetal reserve index will be calculated every 10 minutes. At each of the components of the score will be assigned a score of 1 if the variable evaluated is considered normal, 0 if classified as abnormal. The different scores obtained (score from 1 to 8) will be classified into 3 risk categories: Score 5-8: green zone, Score 3-4: zone yellow, Score 1-2: red zone. An FRI of 1-2 (red zone) is to be considered as anomalous. For patients with abnormal FRI a 40 minute timer will be started within which it will be necessary to exit the "red zone". If such patients will not be able to exit the red zone within 40 minutes, an additional timer will be started of 30 minutes within which the birth will be completed. The birth will be completed immediately in case of sentinel events (prolonged bradycardia, detachment of placenta, cord prolapse).

The second group of patients will, however, be managed according to the usual protocols internal management.
Objective:To evaluate the effects of cochlear implantation in patients with single-sided deafness(SSD) and asymmetrical hearing loss(AHL). Methods:Seventeen Mandarin-speaking CI patients diagnosed as SSD/AHL were recruited in our study. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory(THI) and the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) were used to assess changes in tinnitus distress and tinnitus loudness in SSD patients at each time point(pre-operation and post-operation). Results:The THI score and all 3 dimensions were significant decreased with CI-on than pre-operation(P<0.05). Tinnitus VAS scores were also decreased, and VAS scores were lower with CI-on than with CI-off, and were both significantly different at each time point after CI switch-on(P<0.05). Conclusion:CI could help SSD/AHL patients to suppress tinnitus and reduce the loudness of tinnitus. However, CI should not be a treatment of tinnitus.
Ultrafilcon B contact lenses, followed by stenfilcon A contact lenses. Each product worn bilaterally for 1 week in a daily wear, daily disposable modality.
All participants will receive an initial 3 cycles of zanubrutinib monotherapy. This lead-in period will then be followed by 12 cycles of zanubrutinib and venetoclax combination therapy. All participants will complete 12 cycles of zanubrutinib and venetoclax combination therapy or 15 cycles of total treatment. Peripheral blood and bone marrow MRD assessments will occur at C16D1. Participants will continue on double combination treatment for an additional 1 month while results of MRD testing are obtained. In total, all participants will be on treatment for at least 16 full cycles. Participants that meet definition of MRD negativity will stop therapy at C17D1 and enter an observation phase with study visits every 3 months. Participants that remain MRD positive at C16D1 will enter the triple therapy (zanubrutinib, venetoclax, and obinutuzumab) arm.
LGG with BRAF V600E/D/K mutation will receive Dabrafenib, Trametinib and Hydroxychloroquine. All medications are administered orally with Dabrafenib and HCQ given twice a day and Trametinib given once per day at the recommended Phase 2 dose for a 28 day course. Courses may repeat until the patient meets an off treatment criteria.
Neonates exposed to opiates in utero can develop a constellation of withdrawal symptoms known as neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Infants with NAS are at risk for multiple medical complications including failure to thrive and seizures, they often require prolonged hospital stays and account for significant health care costs. At University of New Mexico, infants exposed to methadone or heroin in utero who develop NAS requiring pharmacologic treatment undergo a treatment wean with methadone, whereas infants exposed to buprenorphine undergo a wean with morphine. However, morphine is used frequently to treat neonatal abstinence syndrome among methadone-exposed infants throughout the US, and optimal pharmacologic treatment for NAS remains unknown. Anecdotal evidence at the investigators institution suggests that infants treated with morphine have shorter hospital stays compared to infants treated with methadone. Investigators propose a pilot randomized controlled trial to evaluate morphine vs methadone treatment of infants with in-utero methadone or heroin exposure. Specifically, length of treatment, need for additional medication to treat withdrawal, and length of hospital stay will be compared.

When women are admitted to Labor and Delivery and/or up to 12 hours postpartum, research staff will approach patients about study enrollment. Participants will be approached for study enrollment if medication list on admission includes methadone, if participants self-report methadone use prenatally, and/ or if urine drug screen is positive for methadone or opiates on admission. If women choose to enroll in the study, and their infants require treatment for NAS, their infants will be randomized and assigned a study number for treatment using the methadone or morphine protocols at the time treatment is required.

All infants will be monitored for signs of withdrawal using the standard UNM NAS scoring protocol. Standard of care at UNM is to treat infants exposed to opioids in-utero with methadone if they require pharmacologic therapy for NAS, therefore treatment will not be withheld if they choose not to enroll in the study. Standard of care is also to obtain a urine drug screen on all infants with reported exposure to opiates in pregnancy. Enrolled patients will thus undergo routine urine drug screening. The only difference from standard care with regards to the study protocol is the treatment of half of the methadone or heroin exposed infants with morphine. The morphine protocol is proven for safety and efficacy currently in buprenorphine exposed infants. Once randomized, infants will continue on the protocol until discharge. At discharge, parents will complete a patient satisfaction survey.
A pellet for administration to a ruminant to supply it with a biologically active substance for an extended period of time, said pellet having a density and weight which relatively permanently retains it in the rumeno-reticular sac of the animal after administration and lodgement in the sac and embodying a core of density at least 3.5 around which there is an outer layer containing the biologically active substance which is released from the pellet into the contents of the sac over the extended period of time. The core is preferably reduced iron and may be granulated with, e.g., 10% aqueous gelatine, starch mucilage or a solution of a resin. A metallic oxide such as cupric oxide may also be present. The outer layer may contain hormones, antibloat agents, antibiotics, anthelmintics, antihistaminics, systemic insecticides and trace elements such as cobalt, copper, manganese, molybdenum, iron, iodine, boron and vanadium. The core may be coated by dipping or moulding the outer layer around the core. Specification 866,924 is referred to.
Peripheral arterial diseases (PAD) have been reported to be the leading cause for limb amputations, and the current therapeutic strategies including antiplatelet medication or intervene surgery are reported to not clinically benefit the patients with high-grade PAD. To this respect, revascularization based on angiogenetic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene therapy was attempted for the potential treatment of critical PAD. Aiming for transcellular delivery of VEGF-encoding plasmid DNA (pDNA), we proposed to elaborate intriguing virus-like DNA condensates, wherein the supercoiled rigid micrometer-scaled plasmid DNA (pDNA) could be regulated in an orderly fashion into well-defined nano-toroids by following a self-spooling process with the aid of cationic block copolymer poly(ethylene glycol)-polylysine at an extraordinary ionic strength (NaCl: 600 mM). Moreover, reversible disulfide crosslinking was proposed between the polylysine segments with the aim of stabilizing these intriguing toroidal condensates. Pertaining to the critical hindlimb ischemia, our proposed toroidal VEGF-encoding pDNA condensates demonstrated high levels of VEGF expression at the dosage sites, which consequently contributed to the neo-vasculature (the particularly abundant formation of micro-vessels in the injected hindlimb), preventing the hindlimb ischemia from causing necrosis at the extremities. Moreover, excellent safety profiles have been demonstrated by our proposed toroidal condensates, as opposed to the apparent immunogenicity of the naked pDNA. Hence, our proposed virus-like DNA condensates herald potentials as gene therapy platform in persistent expressions of the therapeutic proteins, and might consequently be highlighted in the management of a variety of intractable diseases.
An ideal drug as an opiate-sparing analgesic adjunct, acetaminophen, unlike some other drugs, is platelet function sparing, and thus particularly useful in the post-operative orthopedic patient population. In part because of its well established safety profile, as well as minimal drug interactions, acetaminophen is considered a cornerstone of a multimodal analgesic approach. Several studies have described the clinically significant beneficial effects of a multimodal drug approach to analgesia, citing improved pain control and a shorter recovery time. Reduced adverse events and improved pain control with multimodal analgesia drug approaches may result in shorter hospitalizations, improved recovery and function, and reduced health care costs. Opiate therapy, while effective analgesia, is associated with a variety of potential adverse side effects, including pruritus, nausea, emesis, ileus, respiratory depression, tolerance, addiction and sedation. These adverse effects may limit post-operative mobility, postpone return of bowel function, cause feeding intolerance, prolong hospitalization, and postpone post-operative recovery.

While oral acetaminophen is useful as an opiate-sparing therapy, the oral route of drug administration may not be feasible in the early post-operative period. Enteral drug absorption in the initial post-operative period may be erratic, with negative impacts on therapeutic effect. Intravenous acetaminophen may a particularly useful analgesic in these circumstances. At present, there are no pediatric studies in the United States examining the efficacy of multiple- dose IV acetaminophen in the post-operative surgical population. This study will compare analgesic efficacy, nausea and pruritus scores, time to recovery, and length of hospital stay in two subject groups who are status post spine fusion surgery: those who receive schedule IV acetaminophen and opiate for 48 hours, and those who are treated with standard opiate therapy without IV acetaminophen.