anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The recommended starting adult dose for Prevalite® (cholestyramine for oral suspension, USP) powder is one packet or one level scoopful (5.5 grams of Prevalite® [cholestyramine for oral suspension, USP] powder contain 4 grams of anhydrous cholestyramine resin) once or twice a day. The recommended maintenance dose for Prevalite® (cholestyramine for oral suspension, USP) powder is 2 to 4 packets or scoopfuls daily (8 to 16 grams anhydrous cholestyramine resin) divided into two doses. It is recommended that increases in dose be gradual with periodic assessment of lipid/lipoprotein levels at intervals of not less than 4 weeks. The maximum recommended daily dose is six packets or scoopfuls of Prevalite® (cholestyramine for oral suspension, USP) powder (24 grams of anhydrous cholestyramine resin). The suggested time of administration is at mealtime but may be modified to avoid interference with absorption of other medications. Although the recommended dosing schedule is twice daily, Prevalite® (cholestyramine for oral suspension, USP) powder may be administered in 1 to 6 doses per day.

Prevalite® (cholestyramine for oral suspension, USP) powder should not be taken in its dry form. Always mix the dry powder with water or other fluids before ingesting. See Preparation Instructions.
While hip arthroscopy (HA) has increased in recent years, limited data exists regarding utilization and outcomes among racial groups. The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was queried for patients who underwent HA from 2006 to 2017. Patients were stratified into 6 self-reported racial/ethnic categories: White, African American, Hispanic, Asian and Pacific Islander, Native American, and Unknown. Major and minor complications in the 30-day post-operative period were identified. Data were available for 2230 patients who underwent HA. There were significant differences in the proportions of HA procedures when examining by race. White patients comprised 69% of the patient sample, African American patients 5.6%, Hispanic patients 3.9%, Asian patients 2.5%, Native American patients 0.7% and Unknown race/ethnicity patients 18.3% (P < .05). HA utilization increased significantly over time by all groups but remained low among ethnic minorities compared to the White cohort. Overall, major, and minor 30-day complication rates were 1.3%, 0.5%, and 0.9%, respectively. Although African American and Hispanic patients had higher overall complication rates than White patients, the differences were not statistically significant. Surgeons should be aware of the underutilization of HA among racial/ethnic minorities, and further studies evaluating insurance status and access to care are needed.
INTRODUCTION: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent renal disorder. The occurrence of AKI may promote the formation of renal calcium oxalate stones by exerting continuous effects on renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs). We aimed to delineate the molecular interplay between AKI and nephrolithiasis.
METHODS: A mild (20 min) and severe (30 min) renal ischemia-reperfusion injury model was established in mice. Seven days after injury, calcium oxalate stones were induced using glyoxylate (Gly) to evaluate the impact of AKI on the formation of kidney stones. Transcriptome sequencing was performed on TECs to elucidate the relationship between AKI severity and kidney stones. Key transcription factors (TFs) regulating differential gene transcription levels were identified using motif analysis, and pioglitazone, ginkgetin, and fludarabine were used for targeted therapy to validate key TFs as potential targets for kidney stone treatment.
RESULTS: Severe AKI led to increased deposition of calcium oxalate crystals in renal, impaired kidney function, and upregulation of kidney stone-related gene expression. In contrast, mild AKI was associated with decreased crystal deposition, preserved kidney function, and downregulation of similar gene expression. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that genes associated with inflammation and cell adhesion pathways were significantly upregulated after severe AKI, while genes related to energy metabolism pathways were significantly upregulated after mild AKI. An integrative bioinformatic analysis uncovered a TF regulatory network within TECs, pinpointing that PKNOX1 was involved in the upregulation of inflammation-related genes after severe AKI, and inhibiting PKNOX1 function with pioglitazone could simultaneously reduce the increase of calcium oxalate crystals after severe AKI in kidney. On the other hand, motif analysis also revealed the protective role of STAT1 in the kidneys after mild AKI, enhancing the function of STAT1 with ginkgetin could reduce kidney stone formation, while the specific inhibitor of STAT1, fludarabine, could eliminate the therapeutic effects of mild AKI on kidney stones.
CONCLUSION: Inadequate repair of TECs after severe AKI increases the risk of kidney stone formation, with the upregulation of inflammation-related genes regulated by PKNOX1 playing a role in this process. Inhibiting PKNOX1 function can reduce kidney stone formation. Conversely, after mild AKI, effective cell repair through upregulation of STAT1 expression can protect TEC function and reduce stone formation, and activating STAT1 function can also achieve the goal of treating kidney stones.
There have been postmarketing reports of serious hypersensitivity reactions in patients treated with linagliptin. These reactions include anaphylaxis, angioedema, and exfoliative skin conditions. Onset of these reactions occurred predominantly within the first 3 months after initiation of treatment with linagliptin, with some reports occurring after the first dose.

Angioedema has also been reported with other dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. Use caution in a patient with a history of angioedema to another DPP-4 inhibitor because it is unknown whether such patients will be predisposed to angioedema with GLYXAMBI.

There have been postmarketing reports of serious hypersensitivity reactions, (e.g., angioedema) in patients treated with empagliflozin.

If a hypersensitivity reaction occurs, discontinue GLYXAMBI, treat promptly per standard of care, and monitor until signs and symptoms resolve. GLYXAMBI is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to linagliptin, empagliflozin or any of the excipients in GLYXAMBI [see Contraindications (4)].
RECRUITMENT: This study will be conducted at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN. Patients over 18 who have chronic kidney disease will be approached for recruitment. Interested patients will go through the informed consent process and, if frailty testing was not completed within the two weeks prior to consent, patients will complete frailty testing. If patients are considered frail or pre-frail, they will be enrolled in the study.

FRAILTY TESTING: Participants will complete the FP, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and other frailty testing at the beginning of the study, 4 weeks after beginning the intervention, and 8 weeks after beginning the intervention. Frailty testing will include a hand grip strength test, a gait speed test over 15 feet, repeated chair stands, balance testing, and a body composition scan. Participants will also be asked to wear an activity monitor for 5-7 days at each testing point and to complete a set of questionnaires. Height, weight, BMI, skeletal muscle mass, percent body fat, and segmental lean mass will be recorded. Participants with a pacemaker, an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD), or an automated ICD (AICD) will not be able to complete. At enrollment, participants 55 and older will undergo a submaximal exercise test to rule out significant undiagnosed cardiopulmonary disease (standard entrance criteria for pulmonary rehabilitation).

INTERVENTION: Participants will be asked to complete 2 1-hour exercise sessions per week for 8 weeks (16 total sessions) under the supervision of a licensed respiratory therapist in Rochester, MN on non-dialysis days unless the participant is on daily or near-daily dialysis (e.g. home hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis). . The exercise sessions will be based on pulmonary rehabilitation and will follow guidelines established by the American Thoracic Society. Exercise sessions will include endurance (treadmill or cycle ergometer), strength, and flexibility training and will be tailored to individual participants.
Radiotherapy is an effective treatment for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that has not spread beyond the chest area. Radiotherapy is used as a curative treatment but unfortunately for most patients the cancer can return. Radiotherapy kills cells by damaging their DNA. Cells have the ability to repair that damage, especially the cells of normal tissue. If DNA repair can be prevented radiotherapy should be more effective causing the cancer cells to die.

The study will use new drugs that affect how cells repair DNA damage, called DNA damage response inhibitors (DDRi). These will be given together with radiotherapy to hopefully improve the effectiveness of radiotherapy, followed by up to 12 months of durvalumab immunotherapy in selected study arms to develop the trial in line with the standard of care for NSCLC. The study will try to find out the most effective and safe dose of this combination treatment. This will be a clinical trial where patients due to have radiotherapy, with the hope of successful treatment that could lead to cure from their cancer or extension of life, will be offered entry onto the study. All patients will receive their radiotherapy, with 3 out of every 4 people also receiving a single DDRi drug alongside this. Both patients and study doctors will know prior to the start of the actual treatment whether a DDRi will be given, and if so which one; no placebos will be used. The patients will be followed closely to check for side effects and to assess how their cancer is responding to treatment. Blood samples will be taken to monitor treatment progress and to try to predict which patients are most likely to benefit from this type of combined treatment.
Patients in the usual care group called the automated monitoring system daily to report presence, severity, and distress for 11 common symptoms. The attentional control group received equivalent contact time with the automated system including identical voice and assessment questions. Patients did not hear self-care messages during the call and the data were not available for clinical action by the study nurse practitioner. Patients were told on every phone call to call their oncology providers if they had concerns about their symptoms which is usual care for symptom follow up in oncology.
A new video-synchronized multi-channel data acquisition system has been developed for frequency-domain muscle fatigue research. The system records storage-intensive video images onto a video tape, and simultaneously acquires biomedical data and video time codes onto a computer hard disk to achieve high-speed recording a long duration. A video time-code-bridge-file was created by the computer to synchronize the biomedical data with the recorded video frames in realtime. The two-column time-code-bridge-file matches each video frame-start with the corresponding index number of the acquired data. With the bridge file, the system is able to automatically search and output a frame of the acquired multi-channel data correspondent to a given video frame, and also able to search and display a video frame correspondent to a given frame of acquired multi-channel data. Currently, this system is capable of recording 30 minutes of video-synchronized multi-channel biological data with the summed data rate of 2.16 Mbit/sec and synchronization accuracy of 0.22 mS.
Embodiments of the invention include multi-layer coatings and methods for controlling the elution of hydrophilic active agents. In an embodiment, the invention includes a medical device including a substrate, a primer polymer layer disposed on the substrate, an expandable layer disposed on the primer polymer layer, and a hydrophilic active agent dispersed within the expandable layer. In an embodiment, the invention includes a method of forming a medical device including depositing a primer layer onto a substrate, the primer layer comprising a primer polymer. The method can further include depositing an expandable layer onto the primer layer, the expandable layer including an expandable polymer, and a hydrophilic active agent. The expandable layer can be deposited with a solvent that is effective to solvate both the expandable polymer and the primer polymer. Other embodiments are also included herein.
The discovery of DNA in blastocoel fluid (BF-DNA) generated new perspectives in the potential development of simpler and safer alternative non-invasive tests in reproductive genetics. Short DNA fragments of apoptotic origin, together with specific expression patterns of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes in the blastocoel fluid of euploid and aneuploid embryos, suggest a self-correction mechanism to preferentially eliminate aneuploid cells, and purge defective and non-viable cells. The correlation of blastocoel fluid content with the genetic status of the whole embryo, and therefore its potential use in minimally invasive preimplantation genetic testing (miPGT), or as an indicator of embryo potential, remains uncertain and needs to be determined. The limited amount and compromised integrity of BF-DNA, with likely apoptotic origination, constrains its amplification, leading to low concordance and reproducibility rates for both aneuploidy screening and monogenic testing. While embryo genotyping constitutes a more ambitious goal, the presence of analysable DNA after amplification in blastocoel fluid may be used as a clinical biomarker of embryo competency to select the most viable embryo(s) for transfer, and potentially improve the implantation rate. Although blastocentesis remains a promising area for future research, several technical and methodological limitations are currently constraining its consideration for clinical practice.
Aqueous-deficient dry eye (ADDE) is a type of dry eye disease that can result in the reduction of tear secretion quantity and quality. Prolonged abnormal tear production can lead to a disturbance in the ocular surface environment, including corneal damage and inflammation. In severe cases, ADDE can cause vision loss or even blindness. Currently, dry eye treatment is limited to eye drops or physical therapy, which can only alleviate eye discomfort symptoms and cannot fundamentally cure dry eye syndrome. To restore the function of the lacrimal gland in dry eye, we have created an animal model of lacrimal gland dysfunction in rats induced by scopolamine. Through the comprehensive evaluation of the lacrimal gland, corneas, conjunctivas, and other factors, we aim to provide a full understanding of the pathological changes of ADDE. Compared with the current dry eye mouse model, this ADDE animal model includes a functional evaluation of the lacrimal gland, providing a better platform for studying lacrimal gland dysfunction in ADDE.
Bladder cancer is the 9th most commonly diagnosed cancer in men worldwide, with a standardized incidence rate of 9.0 per 100,000 person-years for men and 2.2 per 100,000 person-years for women. In Hong Kong, more than 400 new cases of bladder cancer are diagnosed every year. It is a common and important disease which carries a significant burden to the health medical system.

For patients who are diagnosed to have bladder tumours upon flexible cystoscopy, transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) should be offered. Being a minimally invasive procedure, it has become the standard for the initial management of bladder cancer. This operation aims to ascertain the diagnosis, to correctly stage the tumour (T-stage) and to cure the disease in the case of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, in a combined analysis of 2,596 patents from 7 randomised controlled trials in patients with NMIBC, it was shown that 1-year recurrence rate ranged from 15-61%, and 5-year recurrence rate ranged from 31-78%. Despite possible complete tumour resection during TURBT, the oncological control of NMIBC is far from satisfactory.

There are two main problems with the conventional standard resection (SR) procedure. First, the bladder tumour is resected in a piecemeal manner. This results in tumour fragmentation and floating tumour cells inside the bladder. The tumour cells may re-implant on to the bladder wall and lead to early disease recurrence. Second, 'complete tumour resection' is often determined by endoscopic vision only. Due to the inherited nature of piecemeal resection, it is not possible to assess the resection margin by histological means. The charring effect to the resection bed may also hinder the judgement of a 'complete tumour resection'. Routine second-look TURBT has been advocated for selected patients (Any presence of T1 disease, G3 disease, or any absence of detrusor muscle in the first TURBT specimen) even after a 'complete tumour resection' during the first TURBT. Second-look TURBT has been shown to detect residual disease in 33-55% of the patients and upstaging of disease in 4-45% of the patients. These results highlighted the limitations of TURBT in ascertaining complete tumour resection.

Transurethral en bloc resection (EBR) has been described as an alternate surgical technique in bladder tumour resection. By preventing tumour fragmentation and ascertaining complete tumour resection by histological assessment of the EBR specimen, we hypothesized that EBR could reduce disease recurrence as compared to SR.
Patients taking SEMPREX-D Capsules should receive the following information. SEMPREX-D Capsules are prescribed to reduce symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Patients should be instructed to take SEMPREX-D Capsules only as prescribed and not to exceed the prescribed dose. Patients should be advised against the concurrent use of SEMPREX-D with over-the-counter antihistamines and decongestants. Patients who are or may become pregnant should be told that this product should be used in pregnancy or during lactation only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risks to the fetus or nursing infant. Due to the risk of hypertensive crisis, patients should be instructed not to take SEMPREX-D Capsules (acrivastine and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride) if they are presently taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor or for 14 days after stopping use of an MAO inhibitor. Patients should be advised to assess their individual responses to SEMPREX-D Capsules before engaging in any activity requiring mental alertness, such as driving a car or operating machinery. Patients should be advised that the concurrent use of SEMPREX-D Capsules with alcohol and other CNS depressants may lead to additional reductions in alertness and impairment of CNS performance and should be avoided.
Participants assigned to the Attention Control group will receive the same number of phone calls over the course of 12 months, focused on understanding osteoarthritis (OA) and current information on treatment options. Participants, if they agree, will also receive monthly check-in emails between phone calls.
This is an open label (all people know the identity of the intervention), single arm, prospective (study following participants forward in time) study conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of TTS-fentanyl in Thai participants with chronic low back pain. All participants start treatment with 12.5 micrograms (µg) per hour patch. The patches will be replaced every 3 days. On Day 3, and every 3 days thereafter, the TTS-fentanyl dose increases will be considered based on rescue medication consumption and pain assessment. No increase in TTS-fentanyl dose will be performed within the 72-hour dosing interval. The duration of the treatment will be 30 days. Primary efficacy assessment will be pain control rated by participants. Assessment time points will be at Day 0 (baseline), on Day 15 and Day 30 (trial end). At the end of study, global preference on efficacy, side effects and overall satisfaction will also be rated by investigator and participants. Participants' safety will be monitored throughout the study.
PURPOSE:To provide an antiviral agent containing a gingerol derivative as an active component and effective for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). CONSTITUTION:This antiviral agent contains a compound of formula (R is an alkoxy), i.e., 7-cyclohexyl-5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-alkoxyphenyl)heptan-3-one as an active component. The antiviral agent is effective for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by HCMV, e.g. neonatal systemic infection, infectious mononucleosis and blood transfusion reaction. It can be administered to the mother as a preventive even in the state of latent infection for stillbirth, microcephaly and mental disorder caused by prenatal infection. The agent is administered at a daily dose of 0.1-200mg/kg in 1-5 divided doses.
A central role for neuroinflammation in epileptogenesis has recently been suggested by several investigations. This systematic review explores the role of inflammatory mediators in epileptogenesis, its association with seizure severity, and its correlation with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). The study analysed articles published in JCR journals from 2019 to 2024. The search strategy comprised the MESH, free terms of "Neuroinflammation", and selective searches for the following single biomarkers that had previously been selected from the relevant literature: "High mobility group box 1/HMGB1", "Toll-Like-Receptor 4/TLR-4", "Interleukin-1/IL-1", "Interleukin-6/IL-6", "Transforming growth factor beta/TGF-β", and "Tumour necrosis factor-alpha/TNF-α". These queries were all combined with the MESH terms "Epileptogenesis" and "Epilepsy". We found 243 articles related to epileptogenesis and neuroinflammation, with 356 articles from selective searches by biomarker type. After eliminating duplicates, 324 articles were evaluated, with 272 excluded and 55 evaluated by the authors. A total of 21 articles were included in the qualitative evaluation, including 18 case-control studies, 2 case series, and 1 prospective study. As conclusion, this systematic review provides acceptable support for five biomarkers, including TNF-α and some of its soluble receptors (sTNFr2), HMGB1, TLR-4, CCL2 and IL-33. Certain receptors, cytokines, and chemokines are examples of neuroinflammation-related biomarkers that may be crucial for the early diagnosis of refractory epilepsy or may be connected to the control of epileptic seizures. Their value will be better defined by future studies.
FIELD: medicine, oncology, molecular biology. SUBSTANCE: invention describes the improved method of chemotherapy of malignant mammalian cells showing absolute requirement in methionine but devoiding of activity of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase. Method involves detection of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase-negative cells in mammal body, administration of methionine-γ-lyase in sufficient amount to decrease the volume of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase-negative cells in mammal body and combined administration of methylthioadenosine in sufficient amount for constant availability of methionine for nonmalignant cells of mammal. Invention proposes also catalytically active polypeptide of recombinant methylthio-adenosine phosphorylase and polynucleotide encoding this polypeptide. EFFECT: broadened arsenal of agents for control of malignant cells. 21 cl, 2 tbl, 4 dwg, 5 ex