anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Untreated, urinary urgency and incontinence can precipitate a vicious cycle of decreasing physical activity, social isolation, fear-of-falling, and falls. The urge to urinate frequently can also limit physical activity - concern for finding oneself too far from a bathroom can be a powerful motivator for just staying home. Structured behavioral interventions or medications are common initial treatment options. But they elicit their effects through very different mechanisms of action that may influence fall related outcomes differently. There is, however, a critical lack of direct head-to-head trial evidence on non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic treatments for urgency urinary incontinence (UUI), particularly in women with co-existing fall risk. The proposed feasibility pilot study is a randomized, multi-arm, mixed methods, clinical trial comparing three currently in use initial treatment options for older women: i) a 12-week structured behaviorally based pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) intervention administered by physical therapists in the clinic; ii) a 12-week course of the beta-3 agonist, Mirabegron; and iii) a 12-week course of the antimuscarinic, Trospium Chloride, in women 60 and older with UUI or overactive bladder (OAB) who also screen positive for increased risk of falling. Mirabegron and Trospium are not associated with longitudinal effects on cognition that the traditionally used anticholinergic mediations have recently been linked to. The Specific Aims are 1) Conduct a pilot study in clinical settings to determine the feasibility of enrolling older women with UUI or OAB who are at high risk of falling in a three-arm (PFMT, vs. mirabegron vs. Trospium), randomized comparative effectiveness trial; 2) Characterize outcomes across the three interventions; and 3) Qualitatively explore perceived factors influencing the non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic treatment experience in these patients. Forty-eight ambulatory women (16 per arm) 60 years and older with UUI or OAB and who screen positive for high fall risk will be randomized (1:1:1) to one of three arms. Feasibility will be determined through key milestones on evaluability, adherence to the interventions, attrition, adverse events, productive recruitment methods, and sample characteristics. The Investigators will also measure important indicators of symptom severity, quality of life, physical activity, falls, and fear of falling. Building upon our preliminary work, fall risk will be determined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries (STEADI) fall risk screening tool. The proposed study is the first to compare these common non-surgical treatments for UUI and OAB in a high fall risk patient population and will lay the groundwork for a program of research investigating the bidirectional relationships that exist across these two common geriatric syndromes both at the level of shared risk factors and response to treatment.
The present invention provides a synthesis method of freshener menthane carboxamide. The menthol is used as raw material. Firstly the menthol and thionyl chloride react in ether in a temperature less than or equal to 5 DEG C for 1-3 hours for obtaining menthane chloride. Then the menthane chloride reacts in a mixed solvent of aromatic alkane and aliphatic ether for obtaining menthyl methanoic acid through grignard reaction. Finally the menthyl methanoic acid is added with ethylamine through dripping in benzene, toluene or dimethylbenzene solvent in the presence of acidamide catalyst. Then refluence reaction is performed for 2-4 hours after dripping. After neutralization, separation and concentration, the menthane carboxamide is crystallized and precipitated from the solvent. The precipitated menthane carboxamide is yellow crystal. The levogiration specific rotation [alpha] 20D is -46.00, and the total recovery rate is about 50%.
Group 1 will take part in a minimum of 2 neurofeedback training sessions each week for up to 10 weeks, for a total of up to 20 training sessions. After Group 1 completes neurofeedback training, both Groups to complete 10 questionnaires that were completed at baseline.
The invention relates to a virus constructed by reverse genetic manipulation of NADC34-like PRRSV2. Specifically, pACY177 plasmid is used as a carrier, and the whole gene sequence of the NADC34-like PRRSV2BJ1805-2 isolate is connected to the carrier in a segmented way by using methods of PCR amplification, enzyme digestion connection and the like to obtain the BJ1805-2 full-length infectious clone recombinant plasmid (rBJ 1805-2). The infectious clone virus rBJ1805-2 is saved in vitro, and the first NADC34-like PRRSV2 strain infectious clone platform in China is successfully built. The invention also relates to a transformation method for constructing the NADC34-like PRRSV2 strain which can adapt to Marc-145 cell subculture. The constructed infectious clone virus has good in-vitro and in-vivo proliferation efficacy, and can cause specific viremia after being inoculated into a pig body; has good safety, does not cause fever after the pig body is inoculated, and does not cause death of piglets. The modified strain can be used as a candidate strain for developing a first NADC34-like PRRSV2 specific vaccine in China, and is beneficial to the prevention and control of PRRSV epidemic situation in China.
BACKGROUND: To date, there are no randomized, double-blinded clinical trials comparing catheter ablation to DC cardioversion (DCCV) with medical therapy in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (PersAF). Conducting a large-scale trial to address this question presents considerable challenges, including recruitment, blinding, and implementation. We conducted a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of conducting a definitive placebo-controlled trial.
METHODS: This prospective trial was carried out at Barts Heart Centre, United Kingdom, employing a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled design. Twenty patients with PersAF (duration <2 years) were recruited, representing 10% of the proposed larger trial as determined by a power calculation. The patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either PVI ± DCCV (PVI group) or DCCV + Placebo (DCCV group). The primary endpoint of this feasibility study was to evaluate patient blinding. Patients remained unaware of their treatment allocation until end of study.
RESULTS: During the study, 35% of patients experienced recurrence of PersAF prior to completion of 12 months follow-up. Blinding was successfully maintained amongst both patients and medical staff. The DCCV group had a trend to higher recurrence and repeat procedure rate compared to the PVI group (recurrence of PersAF 60% vs 30%; p = .07 and repeat procedure 70% vs 40%; p = .4). The quality of life experienced by individuals in the PVI group showed improvement, as evidenced by enhanced scores on the AF specific questionnaire (AF PROMS) (3 [±4] vs 21 [±8]) and SF-12 mental-component raw score (51.4 [±7] vs 43.24 [±15]) in patients who maintained sinus rhythm at 12 months.
CONCLUSION: This feasibility study establishes the potential for conducting a blinded, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of PVI versus DCCV in patients with PersAF.
All patients with NSTEMI eligible for the study undergo CMR prior to ICA. To avoid any delay in patients' treatment all examination will be analyzed by local trained staff at each center. All patients will thereafter undergo ICA and the standard of care (SOC) decision-making on revascularization strategy and diagnosis will be declared by the treating physician, which will be blinded to the participation of the patients in the study and about CMR results. The treating physician will also declare patient's next management according to ICA results. After having declared the diagnosis, the treating physician will then be informed about the CMR findings. Therefore, according to CMR results the treating physician may eventually modify the initial diagnosis and management. Treatment plan modifications include difference in the identification of the culprit lesion, referring the patient to medical therapy instead of a revascularization procedure or viceversa, switching from a percutaneous to a surgical revascularization procedure or viceversa, or need for further cardiac or non-cardiac investigations. Initial diagnosis includes confirmed NSTEMI or all other possible alternative diagnosis and proposed additional diagnostic examination(s) for further differential diagnosis.

The CMR-modified SOC (CMR-SOC) and diagnosis made considering CMR results will be collected.
ZOLADEX has been found to be generally well tolerated in clinical trials. Adverse reactions reported in these trials were rarely severe enough to result in the patients' withdrawal from ZOLADEX treatment. As seen with other hormonal therapies, the most commonly observed adverse events during ZOLADEX therapy were due to the expected physiological effects from decreased testosterone levels. These included hot flashes, sexual dysfunction and decreased erections. 

Tumor Flare Phenomenon: Initially, ZOLADEX, like other GnRH agonists, causes transient increases in serum levels of testosterone. A small percentage of patients experienced a temporary worsening of signs and symptoms, usually manifested by an increase in cancer-related pain which was managed symptomatically. Isolated cases of exacerbation of disease symptoms, either ureteral obstruction or spinal cord compression, occurred at similar rates in controlled clinical trials with both ZOLADEX and orchiectomy. The relationship of these events to therapy is uncertain [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Patient Counseling Information (17.1)].
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of easy cupping combined with pelvic floor electrical stimulation and Kegel exercises in treating female patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Ninety SUI patients were randomly assigned to two groups: the control group (pelvic floor electrical stimulation + Kegel exercises) and the experimental group (easy cupping + pelvic floor electrical stimulation + Kegel exercises). Outcomes assessed included pelvic floor muscle strength, urinary incontinence, urinary leakage, pelvic floor muscle surface electromyography, adverse effects, and patient satisfaction before and after treatment. Results showed significant improvements in pelvic floor muscle strength, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICI-Q-SF) scores, and urinary leakage in both groups, with the experimental group showing greater improvements (P < 0.05). The experimental group also had higher pelvic floor muscle potential values and a greater total effective rate (P < 0.05). No significant differences in adverse effects were noted between groups, and patient satisfaction was higher in the experimental group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the combination of easy cupping with pelvic floor electrical stimulation and Kegel exercises effectively enhances pelvic floor muscle strength, reduces urinary leakage, and improves patient satisfaction in women with stress urinary incontinence.
Patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and indication to start high intensity statin therapy will be recruited during hospital-stay or in the neurovascular outpatient clinic of the Neurology Department as well as in the Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine at the University Hospital Essen. Participants will be randomly allocated 1:1 to the intervention or control arm and all will receive a Low density Lipoprotein-Cholesterin (LDL-C) target and a statin-prescription as standard of care. All patients will be asked to take the prescribed statin in the evening and to provide LDL-C values measured by the family physician after 6 and 18 months. Additional blood will be collected after 6 and 18 months to control for cardiovascular risk-factors in the study center (LDL-C amongst others). In addition, the intervention group will receive free access to a study version of the medication management app mediteo m+ (Mediteo GmbH, Heidelberg). Installation of the app will be performed on the day of enrolment. After entering the medication, the app will remind the patient to take his or her statin therapy according to the therapy plan. Each intake has to be confirmed by the patient, either directly via the reminder notification or in the app. In addition, the app can be used to set reminders to go the family physician to take LDL-C values and to document the personal LDL-C values. The endpoint assessment will be performed in blinded manner.
BACKGROUND: Neonatal Nosocomial infections (NNIs) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality for neonates in an intensive care unit. Neonatal causes of death in healthcare facilities are attributed to different factors. We aimed to investigate factors associated with NNIs, estimate the burden of NNIs, and assess how the prediction effects help to save medical mortality and length of hospital stay.
METHOD: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted and data were collected from January 2022 to June 2022 from Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC). The data were gathered in a variety of ways, including an in-person interview with the patient's caregiver, direct observations of neonatal patients, and a review of the study participants' charts. This study includes patients aged 3 to 28 days who were admitted to the JUMC neonatal ward and stayed for at least 48 h. Multi-state model formulation and multivariate logistic regression were used for data analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 545 neonates were included out of 688, and 30% (n = 164) of them acquired nosocomial infections (NIs); 98 (33%) of infected patients were born prematurely; and 71 (31.4%) were underweight at birth. NIs were higher in neonates with long hospital stay (AOR: 1.16, 95%CI: 1.13-1.20), use of urinary catheters (AOR: 3.09, 95%CI: 1.55-6.15), and undergoing surgical procedures (AOR: 2.42, 95%CI: 1.13-5.17). Patients who developed NIs had a higher risk of death (HR: 2, 95% CI: 1.31, 3.04). The burden of neonatal NIs was determined to have a risk of 0.3, a mortality rate of 9.6%, and an average duration of hospital stay of 14.6 days. Competing risk regression suggests that neonates with NIs have a significantly higher risk of death than those who are not infected (HR: 16.42, 95% CI: 8.70-30.98, p < 0.001). Assumed prevention that decreases the NIs rate in half would result in 101 lives and 1357 patient days saved from 10,000 neonatal inpatients.
CONCLUSION: Urinary catheterization and surgical procedure increased neonatal NIs. Longer hospital stay can increase the risk of NIs and can also result from the NIs. Our finding indicated that effective prevention of NIs could help reduce neonatal deaths and their hospital stays.
EMST is a treatment method that has been used to improve cough function and swallowing in ALS. EMST uses a training device that has a valve set to 50% of a patient's maximum expiratory pressure (MEP). The patient exhales forcefully until the valve releases. Patients perform 5 sets of 5 repetitions a day, 5 days a week.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for minimizing the presence of a low-affinity form and giving higher yield of a form binding in high affinity.  <P>SOLUTION: The method for the expression of high yield of a form of a protein-immunoglobulin fusion having high affinity binding to its ligand, includes culturing a host transformed with a DNA encoding a desired fusion in a culture system at a low temperature thereby minimizing the amount of misfolded or misbridged protein form. The host cell may be a transformed mammalian, insect, yeast or bacterial cell. The protein-immunoglobulin fusion may comprise a member of a TNF or TNF-receptor family (such as lymphotoxin-β or lymphotoxin-β receptor). There is also provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising the protein-immunoglobulin fusion.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
The changes associated with transition to adult clinical care may increase the likelihood that an adolescent will drop out of care, which results in poorer outcomes. Disengagement from care has implications for health. Disruption in medication can increase viral load (VL), and intensify the potential for co-morbidities and transmission efficiency . Thus, successful transition to adult care is especially important for HIV-positive adolescents (compared to other chronic diseases) as they will need to maintain clinic visits and medication adherence across their lifespan to remain healthy and maintain a low VL to reduce the potential for transmission in the context of other developmental and psychosocial changes and challenges. The ultimate goal of this study is to represent the key places - youth, adolescent clinic and adult clinic - where transition interventions could be targeted and to collect data to capture the key elements and modifiable variables at each level. This study will contribute to existing research by providing transition research on HIV, which differs from other congenital or acquired chronic conditions due to it being an infectious disease; by prospectively following youth as they transition; and by providing transition research from the perspective of receiving adult clinics. It will also illustrate how each level- youth, adolescent clinic and adult clinic - is situated within a specific context and how these levels interact to affect transition outcomes.

This is a multi-method, longitudinal design research study. Subjects must be enrolled in ATN 125 at the time of the ATN 135 baseline visit. There will be no randomization procedures. During the 39-week study, surveys will be administered to adolescents and young adults transitioning to adult care via Audio Computer Assisted Self Interviews (ACASIs), which will collect data on individual (e.g., psychosocial and behavioral) and clinical factors affecting transition at 0 and 39 weeks. Demographic, biomedical, antiretroviral therapy (ART) and healthcare utilization visit information collected through ATN 125 medical chart abstraction will also become part of the ATN 135 subject dataset. One-time phone surveys and interviews with AMTU and adult clinic staff will also be conducted to collect information on transition protocols as well as review of any documentation of existing transition protocols (e.g., transitioning SOP). Outcome measures will include pre- and post-transition VL and other measures of physical and psychosocial health status to compare individuals with different patterns and outcomes of transition.
OBJECTIVES: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) from spontaneous aneurysm rupture is a debilitating condition with high morbidity and mortality. Patients with SAH remain understudied, particularly concerning the evaluation of incidence and consequences of subsequent acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study, we aim to explore the risk factors and outcomes of AKI in SAH patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes were used to query the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) for patients with a diagnosis of SAH between 2010-2019. Subgroup analysis was stratified by AKI diagnosis during the same hospitalization. AKI and non-AKI groups were assessed for baseline clinical characteristics, interventions, complications, and outcomes. Descriptive statistics, multivariate regressions, and propensity score-matching were performed using IBM SPSS 28.
RESULTS: Of 76,553 patients diagnosed with nontraumatic SAH between 2010-2019, 10,634 (13.89 %) had a comorbid diagnosis of AKI. SAH patients with AKI were older (p < 0.01) and more often obese (p < 0.01) compared to the non-AKI group. A multivariate regression found the diagnosis of AKI to be independently correlated with poor functional outcome (p < 0.001), above average length of stay (p < 0.001), and in-hospital mortality (p < 0.001) when controlling for age, SAH severity, and other comorbidities.
CONCLUSIONS: This study showed significant association between AKI and adverse outcomes in SAH patients, and a correlation between AKI and heightened complication rates, poor functional outcome, extended hospital stays, and elevated mortality rates. Early detection of AKI in SAH patients is vital to improve their chances of recovery.
The intervention group will receive a capsule of date-seed powder. Each person should consume 5 grams (two capsules of date-seed powder) twice daily after meals for three months. Assessments are carried out at the beginning of the study, one month and two months after the intervention (Chan et al., 2013). Participants will be contacted twice a week to ensure that they are adhering to the rules, maintaining their physical activity and clarifying any questions about taking supplements.
Nearly 50% of all Americans will suffer from a mental health disorder during their lifetimes. Brain stimulation treatments, including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), are increasingly used to normalize dysfunctional brain circuits in these disorders. Mechanistically, rTMS is thought to work by changing the synaptic strength of neurons, referred to as brain plasticity. Despite the variety of disorders targeted and significant between-patient heterogeneity, rTMS is currently applied in a manner that is one-size-fits-all (without any individual optimization of the stimulation pattern) and open-loop (fixed schedule of stimulation pattern, with no measurement or adjustment during rTMS). We believe that the response rate of rTMS for depression, which is at present \<50%, can be improved through personalized brain stimulation that enhances target engagement and maximizes plasticity. To personalize brain stimulation, one must (1) measure and monitor brain changes in real-time; (2) determine the optimal stimulation patterns for inducing brain changes; (3) develop adaptive treatments to drive desired changes on an individual patient-specific level over time. Such personalization of brain stimulation will increase our mechanistic understanding of brain plasticity to improve efficacy in non-responders to standard treatments.

The primary goals of my research program are to (1) discover brain biomarkers that predict progression to clinical remission, and (2) develop closed-loop treatment algorithms that optimize these biomarkers and improve clinical outcomes. We will focus on depression as it is the leading cause of disability worldwide and and medications are ineffective or not tolerated for close to half of these patients. Leveraging my previous work, we propose three stages of development of personalized brain stimulation using single pulses of TMS combined with electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) to generate a causal measurement of brain state that can easily be translated to the clinic. The TMS-EEG depression severity biomarker that I recently discovered occurs 30 milliseconds after administering a TMS test pulse (p30) in the fronto-parietal network (FPN), a region implicated in depression. The degree of suppression of this p30 signal predicted clinical outcome in depressed patients following rTMS treatment. Additionally, a single stimulation session was sufficient to suppress the p30 during and for 30 minutes after stimulation. This work indicates that p30 suppression can be monitored in real-time and has the potential to support empiric treatment optimization.

Findings from this study will provide the basis for a double-blind, randomized clinical trial of closed-loop rTMS against standard rTMS.