anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Immune cells are critical in promoting neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain and in facilitating pain resolution, depending on their inflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokine response. Interleukin (IL)-35, secreted by regulatory immune cells, is a member of the IL-12 family with a potent immunosuppressive function. In this study, we investigated the effects of IL-35 on pain behaviors, spinal microglia phenotype following peripheral nerve injury, and in vitro microglial cultures in male and female mice. Intrathecal recombinant IL-35 treatment alleviated mechanical pain hypersensitivity prominently in male mice, with only a modest effect in female mice after sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI). IL-35 treatment resulted in sex-specific microglial changes following CCI, reducing inflammatory microglial markers and upregulating anti-inflammatory markers in male mice. Spatial transcriptomic analysis revealed that IL-35 suppressed microglial complement activation in the superficial dorsal horn in male mice after CCI. Moreover, in vitro studies showed that IL-35 treatment of cultured inflammatory microglia mitigated their hypertrophied morphology, increased their cell motility, and decreased their phagocytic activity, indicating a phenotypic shift towards homeostatic microglia. Further, IL-35 altered microglial cytokines/chemokines in vitro, suppressing the release of IL-9 and monocyte-chemoattractant protein-1 and increasing IL-10 in the supernatant of male microglial cultures. Our findings indicate that treatment with IL-35 modulates spinal microglia and alleviates neuropathic pain in male mice, suggesting IL-35 as a potential sex-specific targeted immunomodulatory treatment for neuropathic pain.
In January 2023, the FDA granted accelerated approval to pirtobrutinib for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) after at least two lines of systemic therapy, including a Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor. Approval was based on BRUIN, a single-arm study of pirtobrutinib monotherapy in patients with B-cell malignancies. Efficacy was based on independent review committee-assessed overall response rate (ORR) supported by durability of response in 120 patients with relapsed or refractory MCL who had received a prior BTK inhibitor and received the approved pirtobrutinib dosage of 200 mg once daily. The ORR was 50% [95% confidence interval (CI), 41-59], and the complete response rate was 13% (95% CI, 7-20), with an estimated median duration of response of 8.3 months. The most common nonhematologic adverse reactions were fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, diarrhea, edema, dyspnea, pneumonia, and bruising. Warnings and Precautions in labeling include infection, hemorrhage, cytopenias, atrial arrhythmias, and second primary malignancies. Postmarketing studies were required to evaluate longer-term safety of pirtobrutinib and to verify the clinical benefit of pirtobrutinib. This article summarizes key aspects of the regulatory review, including the indication statement, efficacy and safety considerations, and postmarketing requirements.
BACKGROUND: The paper describes a diagnostically challenging case of recurrent fever with an atypical course in a 55-year-old man. The authors highlight the significant difficulty in reaching a correct diagnosis, as well as the doubts and problems associated with the diagnostics. They suggest considering brucellosis as a diagnosis based on the patient's history and the course of the disease characterized by fluctuating, intermittent, and nocturnal fever.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to present an atypical and diagnostically challenging case of recurrent febrile episodes in a 55-year-old man.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A comprehensive diagnostic workup, including laboratory tests, imaging, and specialist consultations, was conducted. The patient's medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests were analyzed.
RESULTS: In a patient with recurrent episodes of fever, an infection with Brucella spp. was detected, which was effectively treated with long-term antibiotic therapy. Imaging and laboratory diagnostics, along with specialist consultations, helped rule out other potential causes of the symptoms. The patient achieved lasting improvement following the treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: There is a high probability that the patient was infected with Brucella bacteria. Diagnostic challenges and the rarity of the disease, considered non-existent in Poland, hinder prompt confirmation or exclusion of infection. The authors aimed to highlight the possibility of a higher frequency of brucellosis in Poland. They suggest that Brucella bacteria may still be present, causing chronic, unrecognized, recurrent fevers. Based on the case analysis, the authors indicate that the frequent occurrence of this disease in Poland might be higher than reported by statistics.
Vitrectomy is a frequently used surgical procedure in ophthalmology for various indications like retinal detachment repair or macular pucker peeling. Amongst others, accelerated cataract development in phakic patients is a known complication after vitrectomy. A previous study found that especially patients receiving gas tamponade are at increased risk for postoperative cataract development. The assumed mechanism behind this finding is that vitrectomy leads to an increased partial pressure of O2 in the human vitreous - similar to that observed in posterior vitreous detachment - subsequently leading to accelerated lens opacification. Therefore, a possible target of cataract prevention is the inhibition of oxygen radical formation. One known antioxidant agent inhibiting oxygen radical formation is caffeine. For instance, in-vitro studies showed that caffeine consumption can reduce cataract development in ultraviolet (UV)-radiation-exposed rats and human lens epithelial cells through its capability of inhibiting oxygen radical formation. These in-vitro studies support the findings of epidemiological studies that caffeine also in-vivo has the potential to reduce cataractogenesis. Conflating the previous findings of accelerated cataract formation after vitrectomy and the preventive properties of caffeine for cataract development, there may be a benefit for patients regularly consuming caffeine-containing beverages like coffee undergoing vitrectomy regarding postoperative cataract formation.

Therefore, the aim of this comparative study is to investigate if patients undergoing small gauge pars plana vitrectomy regularly consuming caffeine have lower postoperative significant cataract formation rates than patients not consuming caffeine.
A 52-year-old woman was presented with abdominal distension. Chest-abdominal CT showed some tumors in the left breast, enlarged axillary lymph nodes, ovary metastasis peritoneal thickening, a large amount of ascites. The diagnosis of needle biopsy in the breast mass was invasive ductal carcinoma, Luminal A type. The large amount of ascites decreased after the start of administration of fulvestrant and CDK4/6 inhibitor(PAL). Also chest and abdominal CT showed reduction of all lesions. We found the high expression of cyclin D1 protein and the negative of p16 protein in tissues of the needle biopsy. Fifty months later, she continues to do good ADL and PR status. We experienced a case of metastatic breast cancer with massive ascites and peritoneal metastasis that was successfully treated with a CDK4/6 inhibitor(PAL)and achieved long- term survival.
This is a prospective, open-label, randomized comparison feasibility trial involving patients with significant femoropopliteal disease who are undergoing drug-eluting stent (paclitaxel-eluting, durable-polymer-coated Eluvia stent) implantation. Patients with symptoms attributable to limb ischemia are eligible for enrollment if the culprit lesions are suitable for stent implantation based on angiographic findings. The detailed information for inclusion and exclusion criteria is described below in session 7. Patients meeting inclusion criteria without any exclusion criteria will be randomized to either intravascular ultrasound-guided or angiography-guided group immediately before the endovascular intervention. In the intravascular ultrasound-guided group, intravascular ultrasound will be either automatically (1 mm/sec) or manually (5-10 mm/sec) pulled back at a constant speed according to the lesion length. Stent size and length are selected by information acquired from on-line intravascular ultrasound examination, and adjunct high-pressure dilation is performed to achieve stent optimization based on the intravascular ultrasound finding. For the selection of the landing zone and stent length, intravascular ultrasound and fluoroscopy images should be recorded simultaneously to link intravascular ultrasound images with location preferably using a ruler. For the selection of stent size and assessment of stent optimization, external elastic membrane area (EEM) before ballooning and minimal stent area (MSA) (i.e, the smallest cross-sectional area within the stent) after post-dilation are assessed. intravascular ultrasound is used at any step of the procedure before, during, or after stenting. However, image examination is mandatory before and after stenting. In the angiography-guided group, stent size and length are chosen by visual estimation, and adjunctive high-pressure dilation is performed if an optimal result, defined as angiographic residual diameter stenosis of less than 30% by visual estimation and the absence of angiographically detected dissection, was not achieved. Stent size is chosen at the operator's discretion in both groups, with diameters 1 or 2 mm larger than the reference diameter assessed either by intravascular ultrasound or visual estimation.
Delivery of health information to a patient suffering from a chronic condition is personalized by displaying the health information directly on a customized image of a body. The patient's medical record, standards of care for the condition, prescribed treatments, and patient input are applied to a generalized health model of a disease to generate a personalized health model of the patient. The personalized health model comprises an HTML file encoding an image map of a body. The body image illustrates the health condition of the individual patient. Preferably, data is collected from health provider sources and stored in a database on a server at a service provider site. The data is processed at the server, and is displayed in the patient's home using a TV connected to a multimedia processor. The multimedia processor connects the television set to a communications network such as the Internet.
Participants will receive IR prednisone in the morning and placebo matching to MR prednisone at bed time. Total duration of double blind treatment will be 12 weeks.
As with experimental group, controls will do balance assessment pre- and post-intervention. Streitberger placebo needles (Asia-Med, 0.03 x 30 mm), blunted with a telescoping mechanism, will be used. Subjects will feel slight prick, and shaft will telescope into handle, creating illusion of skin penetration. Needles will be held in place by plastic ring covered by a bandage. They are validated for blinding. They will be placed over non-traditional acupuncture points on medial aspect of leg, in direct opposition to treatment group needles. Needle placement is not intended to produce therapeutic outcome. The needles will be connected to a wire, which will be turned on for 10 minutes but no stimulation will be felt.
OBJECTIVE: Injection laryngoplasty (IL) with hyaluronic acid (HA) is an effective treatment for patients with glottic insufficiency. The duration of HA maintenance in the vocal fold remains unknown. In this study, transcutaneous laryngeal ultrasound (TLUS) was used to evaluate the absorption and migration of HA after IL. Subsequent management might be provided based on the TLUS finding.
METHODS: Patients diagnosed with unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) or vocal fold atrophy were recruited. All patients underwent IL with HA in an office-based setting along with TLUS to monitor the status of HA. The schedule of TLUS included assessments before and after IL until non-visualization.
RESULTS: The study population comprised 38 women and 17 men. Of the patients, 54.1% underwent IL for UVFP, whereas 45.9% underwent IL for vocal fold atrophy. Multivariate Cox regression analysis for factors affecting HA absorption revealed that the cause of injection was the most important independent predictor (hazard ratio [HR], 2.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-4.46; p = 0.040). The duration of HA maintenance was significantly longer in patients with UVFP than in those with vocal fold atrophy (8.77 vs. 4.70 months, HR, 2.33; 95% CI, 5.47-8.18; p = 0.002).
CONCLUSION: TLUS is an objective assessment method for patients undergoing IL with HA. Subsequent tailor-made management could be offered based on the TLUS findings during follow-up. For patients at high risk of upper respiratory tract infection or who are intolerant to flexible nasopharyngoscopy, TLUS can be used as an alternative tool to evaluate the condition of the glottis after IL with HA.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 134:4682-4687, 2024.
Men with diabetes mellitus experience sexual dysfunctions at an earlier age and higher rate compared to men without diabetes. One of these sexual dysfunctions includes diminished penile length. It is currently unknown if the decreased length is due to earlier erectile dysfunction or secondary to diabetes itself. Penile traction therapy is one of several treatments which have been used historically to treat decreased penile length, however, to date, no studies have evaluated the role of traction therapy in men with diabetes. To accomplish the study, a population of men from Mayo Clinic with a diagnosis of diabetes, type II will be enrolled and will be randomized to utilize the device for varying amounts of time. Outcomes will be assessed at the 3 and 6 month time points, and the results are to be used with the intent to publish in a scientific journal.
Trial overview: TRIGGER is a pragmatic trial aiming to recruit adult patients admitted with all cause AUGIB (non-variceal and variceal). The study will take place in six United Kingdon hospitals and they will be randomly allocated to a transfusion policy at the cluster level; three sites will be allocated to a restrictive transfusion policy and three to a liberal transfusion policy. Given the challenges that will be involved in early recruitment and cross-speciality care, a feasibility study is essential to determine whether a sufficient proportion of eligible patients can be recruited into the trial and that clinicians can adhere to the allocated transfusion policy. Recruitment will operate for 6 months in total. The investigators will compare recruitment rate, protocol adherence, clinical characteristics of patients recruited, exposure to RBC transfusions and the difference in Hb concentrations between the restrictive and liberal transfusion policies. The investigators will collect important clinical outcomes which the investigators anticipate being central to the phase III trial, including 28-day mortality, further bleeding rates and serious adverse events between the restrictive and liberal transfusion policies. The investigators will also collect data to enable us to plan a health economic evaluation and quality of life assessment for the phase III trial.
Furosemide tablets are a diuretic which is an anthranilic acid derivative. Furosemide tablets for oral administration contain furosemide as the active ingredient and the following inactive ingredients: corn starch, lactose anhydrous, magnesium stearate, pregelatinized starch, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycolate, and colloidal silicon dioxide. Chemically, it is 4-chloro-N-furfuryl- 5-sulfamoylanthranilic acid. Furosemide tablets are available as white tablets for oral administration in dosage strengths of 20, 40 and 80 mg. Furosemide is a white to off-white odorless crystalline powder. It is practically insoluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol, freely soluble in dilute alkali solutions and insoluble in dilute acids.

The CAS Registry Number is 54-31-9.

The structural formula is as follows:
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a serious antibody-mediated reaction. HIT occurs in patients treated with heparin and is due to the development of antibodies to a platelet Factor 4-heparin complex that induce in vivo platelet aggregation. HIT may progress to the development of venous and arterial thromboses, a condition referred to as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with thrombosis (HITT). Thrombotic events may also be the initial presentation for HITT. These serious thromboembolic events include deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, cerebral vein thrombosis, limb ischemia, stroke, myocardial infarction, mesenteric thrombosis, renal arterial thrombosis, skin necrosis, gangrene of the extremities that may lead to amputation, and possibly death. If the platelet count falls below 100,000/mm3 or if recurrent thrombosis develops, promptly discontinue heparin, evaluate for HIT and HITT, and, if necessary, administer an alternative anticoagulant. HIT or HITT can occur up to several weeks after the discontinuation of heparin therapy. Patients presenting with thrombocytopenia or thrombosis after discontinuation of heparin sodium should be evaluated for HIT or HITT.
Stroke-related urinary incontinence (UI) persists in more than one third of stroke survivors. It is associated with significant burden including reduced quality of life, increased morbidity and disability. Urgency UI, together with overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms (frequency, urgency, nocturia), is most commonly experienced. Current continence care is limited to lifestyle advice and behavioural interventions such as voiding programmes. There is a reliance on containment approaches and a lack of available options for active treatment. Intermittent electrical stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve (TPTNS) is effective for treating non-stroke neurogenic UI and OAB, but has not been tested in the stroke population. This pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) aims to test the potential effectiveness of TPTNS for stroke-related bladder dysfunction. Adults with stroke-related UI will be randomised to TPTNS or sham. They and/or their carer will be taught to self-deliver a programme of TPTNS over a six week period. Bladder function, associated healthcare costs and quality of life outcomes will be measured at 6, 12 and 26 weeks. A nested process evaluation will be conducted. Pilot RCT and process evaluation results will inform the design of a phase III RCT of TPTNS to treat urinary incontinence in the stroke population.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiovascular disease, mostly due to mutations in the gene encoding myocardial sarcomere contractile protein, with an incidence of about 1:500-1:200. HCM is the main cause of sudden cardiac death in young people and athletes. Its clinical manifestations are highly heterogeneous. Some patients have no obvious symptoms or mild symptoms, but some patients have obvious myocardial hypertrophy in the early stage, resulting in chest tightness, chest pain, breathing difficulties, syncope, heart failure, and even sudden cardiac death. The annual mortality rate of HCM patients is about 1.4% -2.2%. Alcohol septal ablation (ASA) is a kind of interventional therapy. Its principle is to inject anhydrous alcohol through a catheter, occlude the septal branch of the coronary artery, make the hypertrophic ventricular septal myocardium that dominates it ischemic, necrosis, thinning, and contractility decrease, so that the obstruction of the outflow tract disappears or alleviates, thereby improving the clinical symptoms of patients. However, HOCM patients often have serious clinical symptoms and adverse complications after alcohol ablation, and invasive surgical treatment is required when adequate drug therapy is not effective or cannot tolerate the side effects of drugs. Liwen surgery is a safe and effective new path to treat minimally invasive HOCM patients, so the purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Liwen surgery after alcohol ablation in HOCM patients, and to verify its early postoperative efficacy.
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder worldwide. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been found to have anti-seizure effects. However, its mechanism remains to be explored. In the present study, we showed that a novel H2S donor attenuated neuroinflammation by up-regulating ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) expression to reduce seizures. The novel H2S donor significantly reduced the expression of TNF-α and increased the expression of IL-10 in LPS-treated BV2 cells and the hippocampus of pilocarpine-induced epileptic mice. The modulatory effects of the H2S donor on inflammatory cytokines were prevented by glibenclamide, a common KATP channels blocker. The H2S donor promoted the expression of KATP channel subunits SUR2 and Kir6.1 in LPS-treated BV2 cells and the hippocampus of pilocarpine-induced epileptic mice. In addition, the H2S donor reduced the electroencephalography amplitude of hippocampal epileptic waves and reduced seizures in pilocarpine-induced epileptic mice, which were also attenuated by glibenclamide. These results indicated that the novel H2S donor reduced seizures and regulated microglial inflammatory cytokines by activating KATP channels, which may provide a prospective therapeutic strategy for the anti-seizure effects of H2S donor.
The present invention relates to Chinese herbal medicine for treating diseases. Main medicine comprises 15 to 25 portions of rehmannia root, 5 to 15 portions of ophiopogon root, 5 to 15 portions of figwort, 5 to 15 portions of trichosanthes root, 0.2 to 0.8 portions of saffron crocus, 2 to 7 portions of dahurian angelica, 2 to 7 portions of liquorice, 15 to 25 portions of milk vetch, 1 to 4 portions of dragon blood and 1 to 4 portions of common threewingnut root. Adjuvant medicine comprises 2 to 6 portions of chitin. The weight ratio of the main medicine and the adjuvant medicine are given according to the weight proprotion. The medicine provided by the present invention has the functions of enhancing the autoimmune function of a human body, activating cells of the human body and clearing away internal toxin, and the purposes of prevention and therapy can be obtained. No side effect occurs when the medicine is taken for a long time, and the present invention has preventing and curative effects for lupus erythematosus.
PURPOSE: An anti-dandruff composition containing bispyrithion is provided to ensure anti-dandruff efficiency and to reduce zinc pyrithione content. CONSTITUTION: An anti-dandruff composition contains bispyrithion as an active ingredient. The composition further contains zinc pyrithione. The content of bispyrithion is 0.01-10.0 weight%. The composition has anti-dandruff activity against Malassezia furfur, Malassezia globosa, or Malassezia restricta. The composition for scalp or hair care contains the composition containing pyrithione. The composition for scalp or hair care is manufactured in the form of shampoo, rinse, treatment, essence, ample, wax, gel, spray, glaze, or hair lotion.
H. pylori-positive patients are given rabeprazole 10mg + amoxicillin 1000mg + clarithromycin 500mg + colloidal bismuth tartrate 220mg bid for 14 days. After 4-6 weeks of completing eradication therapy, 13C-UBT is performed and the result show that H. pylori is eradicated. At the same time, Patients with successful eradication are instructed to conduct 13C-UBT examination after 6 months,1year and every year after drug withdrawal.