anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Objective: To investigate the effects of cigarette smoke (CS) on Serine/Threonine Kinase 11 (STK11) and to determine STK11's role in CS-induced airway epithelial cell cytotoxicity.Methods: STK11 expression levels in the lung tissues of smokers with or without COPD and mice exposed to CS or room air (RA) were determined by immunoblotting and RT-PCR. BEAS-2Bs-human bronchial airway epithelial cells were exposed to CS extract (CSE), and the changes in STK11 expression levels were determined by immunoblotting and RT-PCR. BEAS-2B cells were transfected with STK11-specific siRNA or STK11 expression plasmid, and the effects of CSE on airway epithelial cell cytotoxicity were measured. To determine the specific STK11 degradation-proteolytic pathway, BEAS-2Bs were treated with cycloheximide alone or combined with MG132 or leupeptin. Finally, to identify the F-box protein mediating the STK11 degradation, a screening assay was performed using transfection with a panel of FBXL E3 ligase subunits.Results: STK11 protein levels were significantly decreased in the lung tissues of smokers with COPD relative to smokers without COPD. STK11 protein levels were also significantly decreased in mouse lung tissues exposed to CS compared to RA. Exposure to CSE shortened the STK11 mRNA and protein half-life to 4 h in BEAS-2B cells. STK11 protein overexpression attenuated the CSE-induced cytotoxicity; in contrast, its knockdown augmented CSE-induced cytotoxicity. FBXL19 mediates CSE-induced STK11 protein degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in cultured BEAS-2B cells. FBXL19 overexpression led to accelerated STK11 ubiquitination and degradation in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusions: Our results suggest that CSE enhances the degradation of STK11 protein in airway epithelial cells via the FBXL19-mediated ubiquitin-proteasomal pathway, leading to augmented cell death.HIGHLIGHTSLung tissues of COPD-smokers exhibited a decreased STK11 RNA and protein expression.STK11 overexpression attenuates CS-induced airway epithelial cell cytotoxicity.STK11 depletion augments CS-induced airway epithelial cell cytotoxicity.CS diminishes STK11 via FBXL19-mediated ubiquitin-proteasome degradation.
EPBD is an operation using the Columnar expansion balloon to expand duodenal to achieve the purpose of using the basket and other instruments to take stone out. Balloon expansion may retain part of the sphincter not destroyed, and basically retain the normal physiological function of the nipple sphincter.Thus it may reduce the risk of recurrence of stones and bacterial reflux. However,the postoperative pancreatitis rate is high(4.8% -19.5% ), and nipple sphincter tear is uncontrollable in EPBD.If the digestive tract perforation or bleeding occur after EPBD,it is hard to accurately find the lesion position.Some surgeons prefer it for it's lower bleeding and perforation rate.
The present invention discloses novel chemical compounds obtained by causing a covalent attachment of a modifying agent of the structure provided for formula 1, to a functional group or a heteroatom of a heterocyclic ring system in chemical compound with improved chemical and biological properties; Wherein : Y is DRUG-CO; DRUG -OCO; DRUG-NRCO, and X is selected from. With a provisio that the modification can be done at more than one functional group in the DRUG. Alternatively : Y is DRUG-CR 1  R 2 , and X is COR, CONRR 2 , COOR. With a provisio that the N of the drug is attached to CR 1  R 2 . With a provisio that the modification can be done at more than one functional group in the DRUG. G can be selected from iodide, chloride, bromide, mesylate, tosylate or tetra flouroborate or any other pharmaceutically acceptable anion. G can be either one or more counter ions to balance the charge. R, R 1  and R 2  are independently H, C 1 -C 8  straight or branched chain alkyl - optionally containing 1 -3 heteroatoms selected from O, N, S, SO, or SO 2 ; 3-7 membered cycloalkyl optionally containing 1 -3 heteroatoms selected from O, N, S, SO, or SO 2  and or lower alkyl, straight or branched alkyl, alkoxy; alkaryl, aryl, heteroaryl, or alkheteroaryl; or is independently is independently part of 3-7 membered ring optionally containing additional 1 -2 heteroatoms selected from, O, N, S, SO, SO 2  and also be optionally substituted with alkoxy, F or CI. The present invention also discloses a method for obtaining these compounds.
INTRODUCTION: This study was intended to evaluate the expression of inflammatory cytokines commonly secreted by CD4+ T cells (IL-2, IL-5, IL-17, TGF-β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) in apical granulomas and correlate with the clinical conditions and time elapsed since root canal treatment.
METHODS: Eighteen biopsy specimens obtained by periradicular surgery of teeth with post-treatment apical periodontitis and diagnosed as apical granuloma were available from the oral pathology laboratory. Silanized slides containing paraffin sections were used for immunohistochemical reactions. Images were analyzed by using an optical microscopy and each slide was subdivided into 5 fields at high magnification.
RESULTS: IFN-γ and TGF-β were the cytokines with the highest expression levels. There were statistically significant differences when comparing IL-2 and IFN-γ (P < .05), and IL-2 and TGF-β (P < .05). Comparison between the detected cytokines and clinical data and time of treatment demonstrated significant correlation (P < .05) between lower expression of IL-2 and the presence of painful symptoms, absence of sinus tract, and treatments performed more than 4 years before. It was also possible to observe a significant correlation between lower expression of IL-5 and treatments performed less than 4 years before (P < .05).
CONCLUSION: IFN-γ and TGF-β were highly expressed in apical granulomas. However, only IL-2 and IL-5 levels were associated with clinical data and time since previous root canal treatment.
An agent for the permanent deformation of human hair contains at least one thio cpd. reducing agent, esp. thioglycolic acid and/or a salt thereof and comprises the following two compsns. which are kept separately until use, when they are mixed together to form a compsn. with a pH of 7 - 8 that is applied to the hair: (A) aq. soln. with a pH of 3.0 - 6.5, contg. a least one amino acid (hydrochloride), with the exception of cystein, 1 - 100 ppm of at least one iron (II) salt and opt. a polyol or a (m)ethyl ether thereof; and (B) compsn. with a pH of ca. 8 - 12, contg. at least one alkylation agent chosen from ammonium (hydrogen) carbonate or ammonium carbamate.
NAD(P)H Quinone Dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of neuronal function and synaptic plasticity, cellular adaptation to oxidative stress, neuroinflammatory and degenerative processes, and tumorigenesis in the central nervous system (CNS). Impairment of the NQO1 activity in the CNS can result in abnormal neurotransmitter release and clearance, increased oxidative stress, and aggravated cellular injury/death. Furthermore, it can cause disturbances in neural circuit function and synaptic neurotransmission. The abnormalities of NQO1 enzyme activity have been linked to the pathophysiological mechanisms of multiple neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, cerebrovascular disease, traumatic brain injury, and brain malignancy. NQO1 contributes to various dimensions of tumorigenesis and treatment response in various brain tumors. The precise mechanisms through which abnormalities in NQO1 function contribute to these neurological disorders continue to be a subject of ongoing research. Building upon the existing knowledge, the present study reviews current investigations describing the role of NQO1 dysregulations in various neurological disorders. This study emphasizes the potential of NQO1 as a biomarker in diagnostic and prognostic approaches, as well as its suitability as a target for drug development strategies in neurological disorders.
RBL is generallya simple, inexpensive procedure. It entails a ligation of haemorrhoids using rubber bands. In RBL, a disposable suction device applies a rubber band at least 2 cm proximal to the dentate line at the base of each haemorrhoidal cushion by using an anoscope. The banding process causes necrosis of the banded tissue and slough. The resultant inflammatory reaction causes refixation of the mucosa to the underlying tissue, helping to eliminate haemorrhoidal prolapse.The end result is a return of the haemorrhoidal cushions to a more normal size and configuration, with resolution of haemorrhoidal symptoms.
Uveitis is a heterogeneous collection of infrequent diseases, which poses significant challenges to cost-effective research in the field. Medical registries are being increasingly recognized as crucial tools to provide high-quality data, thus enabling prospective clinical research. This paper describes the design and technical structure development of an innovative countrywide electronic medical record for uveitis, Uveite.pt, and gives an overview of the cohort registered since its foundation, March 2020.Uveite.pt is an electronic medical record platform developed by the Portuguese Ocular Inflammation Group (POIG), a scientific committee of the Portuguese Ophthalmology Society. This is a nationwide customized web-based platform for uveitis patients useful for both clinical practice and real-world-based research, working as a central repository and reporting tool for uveitis. This paper describes the technical principles, the design and the development of a web-based interoperable registry for uveitis in Portugal and provides an overview of more than 400 patients registered in the first 18 months since inception.In infrequent diseases, the existence of registries enables to gather evidence and increase research possibilities to clinicians. The adoption of this platform enables standardization and improvement of clinical practice in uveitis. It is useful to apprehend the repercussion of medical and surgical treatments in uveitis and scleritis, supporting clinicians in the strict monitoring of drug adverse reactions and surgical outcomes.
INTRODUCTION: Despite better therapies and strategies, many people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have persistent pain, often from abnormal pain processing, now termed nociplastic pain. However, RA patients with fibromyalgia (FM), a central nociplastic pain syndrome, also have power doppler ultrasound (PDUS+) joint inflammation. To understand the complex causes of pain, we performed clinical examination and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) plus comprehensive PDUS evaluation not previously combined.
METHODS: In a cross-sectional study of sequential RA patients with at least moderate DAS28 erythrocyte sedimentation rate disease activity, we assessed 66/68 joints for swelling and tenderness, respectively, FM American College of Rheumatology 2010 diagnostic criteria, completed PROMs for function, quality of life and mood, alongside PDUS examination of 44 joints. Statistical analysis included logistic regression modelling and regularised (lasso) logistic regression methods.
RESULTS: From 158 patients, 72 (46%) patients met FM criteria, with significantly worse tender joint counts and PROMs, but no differences in PDUS compared with the non-FM group. Categorising patients by PDUS+ joint presence and/or FM criteria, we identified four distinct groups: 43 (27.2%) patients with -FM-PD, 43 (27.2%) with -FM+PD, 42 (26.6%) with +FM-PD and 30 (19%) with +FM+PD. Both FM+ groups had worse PROMs for fatigue, mood and pain, compared with the FM- groups. We were unable to develop algorithms to identify different groups.
CONCLUSION: The unexpected group -FM-PD group may have peripheral nociplastic pain, not commonly recognised in rheumatology. Only 46% of patients demonstrated PDUS+ inflammation. However clinical examination and PROMs did not reliably differentiate groups, emphasising PDUS remains an important tool.
Participants in this group will participate in biofeedback enhanced cognitive behaviorally based coping skills treatment. Treatment will consist of a 6-visit group intervention conducted online, via Emory zoom. Groups will include 5-8 patients. Groups will meet approximately each week for 6 weeks. Patients will also rate their disease symptoms and measures of clinical disease activity will be collected via chart review. Clinical assessments will occur at baseline within 1 week prior to starting treatment (T1), at treatment end or 6 weeks after baseline (T2), 14 weeks after baseline to capture 2-month follow-up after treatment (T3) and at 26 weeks after baseline (T4).
The metacognitive training program, developed by Moritz et al. (Moritz \& Woodward, 2007) targets cognitive biases putatively involved in the formation and maintenance of psychotic symptoms.
Participants with age \>=6 to \<12 years who have received OD therapy of VWF product or prophylactic treatment with a pdVWF product will receive rVWF with an initial dose selected within the range of 40 to 60 IU/kg rVWF, intravenous infusions, twice-weekly for 12 months. Participants may receive rVWF with or without ADVATE intravenous infusions, when indicated (as deemed necessary for breakthrough bleeding episode treatment and perioperative bleeding management).
Participants weighing ≥ 30 kg who are randomized to receive active lithium will begin treatment at 300 mg TID (three times a day) at visit 1 (total dose 900 mg). Participants weighing \< 30 kg who are randomized to receive active lithium will begin treatment at 300 mg BID (two times a day) the day after visit 1 (total dose 600 mg). Based on the participant's response and tolerability, the dose will be increased by 300mg three days after the baseline visit and at scheduled in-office visits to the maximum tolerated dose.
The initial daily dose consisted of 225 IU of gonadotropins, mixed in the same syringe and administered by subcutaneous (SC) injection for 5 days. The initial daily dose, based on the Investigator's judgment, consisted of either 150 IU of Menopur and 75 IU of Bravelle or 150 IU of Bravelle and 75 IU of Menopur. Dosing adjustments were allowed as of day 6. Dose could vary between 150-450 IU daily and was always to include at least 75 IU of Menopur and 75 IU of Bravelle. Treatment could not continue beyond day 20.
FIELD: chemistry.SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to a statistical polymer, a composition for introducing nucleic acid into a cell, a pharmaceutical composition, use of a copolymer or composition for RNA delivery into a cell, a method of delivering RNA into a target cell or target tissue and a method of producing a copolymer. Disclosed is a statistical polymer comprising a plurality of repeating links (a):and, and a plurality of repeating links, independently selected from the following formulas (b):and. Molar ratio of the sum of repeating links (a) and the sum of repeating links (b) ranges from 0.7:1.0 to 1.0:0.7. One or more nitrogen atoms in repeating links (a) and/or (b) contained in the copolymer can be protonated to form a cationic copolymer. Said composition contains a nucleic acid and a copolymer, where the nucleic acid is RNA. Ratio of the weight of the copolymer to the weight of the nucleic acid ranges from 0.25:1 to 50:1. Pharmaceutical composition used for treating a disease that can be treated or prevented by RNA introduction. Method of producing the copolymer involves a step for polymerising a mixture of monomers, including aziridine and azetidine.EFFECT: prepared composition is suitable for high-efficient delivery of nucleic acids, primarily RNA, into a cell or tissue.15 cl, 3 dwg, 2 tbl, 3 ex
OBJECTIVE: To build a model based on cardiometabolic indicators that allow the identification of overweight adolescents at higher risk of subclinical atherosclerotic disease (SAD).
METHODS: Cross-sectional study involving 161 adolescents with a body mass index ≥ +1 z-Score, aged 10 to 19 years. Carotid intima-media complex thickness (IMT) was evaluated using ultrasound to assess subclinical atherosclerotic disease. Cardiometabolic indicators evaluated included nutritional status, central adiposity, blood pressure, lipidic profile, glycemic profile, as well as age and sex. Data was presented using measures of central tendency and dispersion, as well as absolute and relative frequency. The relationship between IMT measurement (outcome variable) and other variables (independent variables) was assessed using Pearson or Spearman correlation, followed by multiple regression modeling with Gamma distribution to analyze predictors of IMT. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and R software, considering a significance level of 5 %.
RESULTS: It was observed that 23.7 % had Carotid thickening, and the prevalence of abnormal fasting glucose was the lowest. Age and fasting glucose were identified as predictors of IMT increase, with IMT decreasing with age by approximately 1 % per year and increasing with glucose by around 0.24 % per mg/dL.
CONCLUSION: The adolescent at higher risk is younger with higher fasting glycemia levels.
INTRODUCTION: Cyst formation after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is a rare, delayed but important complication. Prompt recognition and appropriate treatment is essential for good outcome.
METHODS: We analysed our institute's Gamma knife treatment records from 2008 to 2023 and analysed AVM treated patients by gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS). Patients with cyst formation and with adequate follow up were identified. Clinical details, management and prognosis of these patients was studied in detail along with prior literature review.
RESULTS: A total of 921 AVM patients were treated in the above period and 7 patients were identified with cyst formation. The mean nidus volume was 12.98 ml, the mean radio surgical marginal dose was 23.57 Gy and maximal dose 47.21 Gy. The mean interval gap between SRS and cyst detection was 6.45 years. The mean volume of cyst cavity formed was 47.85 ml. Patients presented either with features of raised intracranial pressure (3) or focal neurological deficits (3) or seizures (1). 3 patients had achieved angiographic nidus obliteration at the time of cyst detection. Treatment was mostly on surgical lines with cyst fenestration(2 patients), excision (3 patients) and emergency decompressive craniectomy (1 patient). 1 patient required additional Ommaya insertion. Conservative management was followed for 1 patient. Residual nidus was treated either by concomitant excision or embolization or redo GKRS. Favourable outcome was seen in 6 out of 7 patients (85.71%) post cyst management with symptomatic and radiological improvement whereas 1 patient (14.28%) died due to refractory status epilepticus secondary to malignant cerebral edema.
CONCLUSION: Cyst formation after GKRS for AVM treatment is an often-neglected complication due to its low incidence and often long latency period. Long term follow up of patients is hence necessary for prompt recognition. Diagnostic DSA should be done in all patients with cysts to look for residual nidus. Asymptomatic ones can be followed up conservatively while surgical treatment is required for symptomatic cases. Ventricular diversion like Ommaya or cystoperitoneal shunt may be necessary in some cases. Treatment outcome is usually favourable provided timely detection is done.
A 47-year-old female developed a reddish swelling of the right medial canthus over 3 months. On examination, a red, firm mass, involving the right medial canthal and extending into the inferior fornix was present and the globe was displaced upwards and inwards. A staging MRI scan confirmed a lacrimal sac lesion with anterior orbit extension. After an equivocal biopsy, the patient underwent debulking surgery. Histology showed a lacrimal sac invasive adenosquamous carcinoma, comprising poorly differentiated squamous carcinoma and invasive adenocarcinoma areas arranged in a tubulo-glandular pattern. The adenocarcinoma harboured numerous cilia. p16 showed block positivity of both components and micro-dissected tissue from both areas showed the presence of HPV16 DNA by PCR. This is the first description of ciliated adenosquamous carcinoma of the lacrimal sac and this finding is placed into the context of what is known about ciliated head and neck adenosquamous carcinomas and the role of high-risk HPV.
FIELD: organic chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to substituted 3-cyanoquinolines of the formula (1)   where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , X and Y are given in the invention claim. Invention describes also methods of synthesis of these compounds, methods of treatment and inhibition using these compounds and pharmaceutical composition based on thereof. Invention can be used in medicine for treatment of diseases that are result of disturbance of regulation of some receptor protein tyrosine kinases. EFFECT: improved method of synthesis and treatment, valuable medicinal properties of compounds. 47 cl, 14 tbl _
PURPOSE:To obtain a hair cosmetic having excellent smoothness, softness, moisture-retaining property and emulsion stability and giving good feeling in application by using an N-tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-fatty acid amide and a cationic surfactant as essential components. CONSTITUTION:The objective cosmetic contains 0.01-80wt.% of an N-tris(hydroxymethy)methyl-fatty acid amide of formula (R1 is 7-27C alkyl or alkenyl) and 0.1-20wt.% of a cationic surfactant (e.g. quaternary ammonium salt). Preferably, the cosmetic is further compounded with 0.1-30wt.% of an oil or fat and proper amounts of conventional hair-cosmetic components by conventional cosmetic-preparation process. It can be used as hair rinse, hair conditioner, hair-treatment, hair cream, styling lotion, styling mousse, hair spray, etc. It is smoothly spreadable to hairs, free from stickiness and gives refreshing feeling.
Stress is a major risk factor for several neuropsychiatric disorders in women, including postpartum depression. During the postpartum period, diminished ovarian hormone secretion increases susceptibility to developing depressive symptoms. Pleiotropic peptide hormones, like prolactin, are markedly released during lactation and suppress hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses in women and acute stress-induced behavioral responses in female rodents. However, the effects of prolactin on chronic stress-induced maladaptive behaviors remain unclear. Here, we used chronic variable stress to induce maladaptive physiology in ovariectomized female rats and concurrently administered prolactin to assess its effects on several depression-relevant behavioral, endocrine, and neural characteristics. We found that chronic stress increased sucrose anhedonia and passive coping in saline-treated, but not prolactin-treated rats. Prolactin treatment did not alter stress-induced thigmotaxis, corticosterone (CORT) concentrations, hippocampal cell activation or survival. However, prolactin treatment reduced basal CORT concentrations and increased dopaminergic cells in the ventral tegmental area. Further, prolactin-treated rats had reduced microglial activation in the ventral hippocampus following chronic stress exposure. Together, these data suggest prolactin mitigates chronic stress-induced maladaptive behaviors and physiology in hypogonadal females. Moreover, these findings imply neuroendocrine-immune mechanisms by which peptide hormones confer stress resilience during periods of low ovarian hormone secretion.