anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Sleep disturbances and persistent pain conditions are public health challenges worldwide. Although it is well-known that sleep deficit increases pain sensitivity, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We have recently demonstrated the involvement of nucleus accumbens (NAc) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in the pronociceptive effect of sleep restriction. In this study, we found that sleep restriction increases c-Fos expression in NAc and ACC, suggesting hyperactivation of these regions during prolonged wakefulness in male Wistar rats. Blocking adenosine A2A receptors in the NAc or GABAA receptors in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), or locus coeruleus (LC) effectively mitigated the pronociceptive effect of sleep restriction. In contrast, the blockade of GABAA receptors in each of these nuclei only transiently reduced carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia. Pharmacological activation of dopamine D2, serotonin 5-HT1A and noradrenaline alpha-2 receptors within the ACC also prevented the pronociceptive effect of sleep restriction. While pharmacological inhibition of these same monoaminergic receptors in the ACC restored the pronociceptive effect which had been prevented by the GABAergic disinhibition of the of the VTA, DRN or LC. Overall, these findings suggest that the pronociceptive effect of sleep restriction relies on increased adenosinergic activity on NAc, heightened GABAergic activity in VTA, DRN, and LC, and reduced inhibitory monoaminergic activity on ACC. These findings advance our understanding of the interplay between sleep and pain, shedding light on potential NAc-brainstem-ACC mechanisms that could mediate increased pain sensitivity under conditions of sleep impairment.
Technical Field: Tea. Technical Problem: To provide drinking tea showing favorable therapeutic effects on atopic dermatitis. Means for Resolution:  Drinking tea characterized by containing one or more plant extracts selected from the group consisting of Sophorae Radix, Baphicacanthes cusia and myrobalan. Owing to the antibacterial and antiviral effects of Sophorae Radix, Baphicacanthes cusia and myrobalan, antiallergic effect ofSophorae Radix and Baphicacanthes cusia, intestinal mucosa-protecting effect of myrobalan or synergistic effects thereof, allergic soma can be ameliorated from the inside of the body and thus atopic dermatitis can be treated. Moreover, one or more auxiliaries selected from the group consisting of Angelicae Radix, Oldenlandia diffusa, Hoelen, citrus unshu peel, Flos chrysanthemi Indi, Corydalis Tuber, Menthae Herba, Scutellariae Radix, Lithosperni Radix, Ku Dung Cha, Polygonum cuspidantum and Glycyrrhizae Radix may be added to the above-described plant extracts so as to strengthen the drug effects of the above plant extracts, impart other drug effects which cannot be achieved by the plant extracts, or make the tea easy to drink, thereby improving the therapeutic effects. Major use: To be used in treating dermatitis, in particular, atopic dermatitis
After RP2D of TAK-659 has been identified, based on evaluation of combination with weight-based dose of nivolumab (3 mg/kg), RP2D may be evaluated in combination with a fixed dose of 240 mg IV nivolumab after discussion between investigator and sponsor for all types of advanced solid tumors. For single-agent nivolumab, fixed dose is expected to have equal exposure, safety, and efficacy as weight-based (3 mg/kg) dose. If nivolumab fixed dose is evaluated with TAK-659 RP2D, 3 participants will be initially enrolled into cohort. Following evaluation of safety, efficacy, and any available PK data, along with discussions between investigator and sponsor, 3 additional participants may be enrolled into cohort for a total of 3 to 6 participants. If \>=1 out of 6 participants experiences dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) in Cycle 1, or significant safety issues are seen in Cycle 2 and beyond, re-evaluation of TAK-659 RP2D when administered with a fixed dose of nivolumab is permitted.
Patients with fracture distal radius ( indicated for conservative treatment) will stay in a below-elbow cast for 4 weeks. Following immobilisation, treatment will be the same for both groups, in which additional physiotherapy after removal of the cast is advised and exercises to train wrist function will be given. As extra structured advice programmes may cause no extra benefit for the patient, this was not generally prescribed. However, during FU visits, patients will be asked if they were treated by a physiotherapist. If this is the case, details on the number of sessions per week and the total number of weeks the patient received physiotherapy, will be collected.
The purposes of this study are as follows: (1) To collect comprehensive narcolepsy and non-narcolepsy brain imaging data. The difference between the two groups will be analyzed. To find the difference between the Type 1 and Type 2 narcolepsy by brain imaging characteristics. Use these data to find the special parameter by "machine learning" and build a predictive model; (2)To collect comprehensive narcolepsy and non-narcolepsy HLA typing data. Attempt to understand the HLA profile of narcoleptic patients and their parents in Taiwan. To analyze the difference between the two groups of Type 1 and Type 2 narcolepsy. Use these data of HLA typing characteristics to find the special parameter by "machine learning" and to establish a predictive model; and (3) categorize and group narcolepsy clinical data, sleep examination data, and the aforementioned data based on machine learning concept and build a predictive model as the basis for developing a fast and accurate" narcolepsy diagnostic tool or model" in the future. Research method: This is a case control study. There are 400 subjects (age 9 - 45) will be collected. These subjects will be divided into the three following groups: (1) experimental group (narcolepsy Type 1, 200 subjects); (2) experimental group (narcolepsy Type 2, 100 subjects); and (3) control group (age and gender matched non-narcolepsy subjects, 100). The investigators will collect all the clinical data for each subject, including clinical characteristics, sleep examination data, actigraphy, HLA typing, and brain imaging data. Data analysis method: the narcolepsy clinical data, sleep examination data, and the aforementioned data were categorized and grouped through data analysis based on computer machine learning, neural network, and predictive model effectiveness analysis concepts. Then the investigators will built a predictive model based on the results.
The need for mental health services is high among military personnel but perceived stigma and other barriers prevent many Soldiers from obtaining the help they need. Alternative mental health treatment approaches that mitigate stigma and increase access and compliance are greatly needed. One promising treatment approach that has shown efficacy in preliminary research and which may address issues related to stigma and barriers to care, is internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT). Internet-based treatments offer brief, interactive, and structured treatment approaches that can be completed by individuals relatively anonymously, in the convenience and privacy of their own homes, and according to their own schedules. Such interventions could offer Soldiers an alternative treatment method that minimizes stigma by allowing private and quasi-anonymous access to treatment and which minimizes barriers to care by enhancing access and maximizing schedule flexibility.

Emerging evidence suggests that iCBT is a particularly promising and well-accepted approach for treating large numbers of individuals while minimizing cost and clinicians' time demand. The study of internet-based and other computer-assisted therapies is currently in its infancy and most studies still lack sufficient methodological rigor to firmly establish the efficacy and applicability of these approaches. The proposed project will provide the most comprehensive evaluation of iCBT to date by employing functional neuroimaging techniques, neurocognitive testing of implicit negative biases and responses to negative feedback, and assessment of resilience and coping capacities in addition to standard symptom-based outcome measures.
AIMS: Homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HoFH) is a rare disorder characterized by markedly elevated circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) from birth. This review aimed to critically evaluate treatments for HoFH with respect to their efficacy, safety, accessibility, overall context and position within the treatment pathway.
METHODS AND RESULTS: A mixed-methods review was undertaken to systematically identify and characterize primary interventional studies on HoFH, with a focus on LDL-C reduction as the primary outcome. Interventions assessed were ezetimibe, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i), lomitapide, evinacumab, with or without LDL apheresis. Twenty-six seminal studies reporting unique patient data were identified. Four studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with the remainder being single-arm trials or observational registries. Data extracted were heterogeneous and not suitable for meta-analyses. Two RCTs, assessed at being low risk of bias, demonstrated PCSK9i were safe and moderately effective. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) demonstrated evinacumab was safe and effective in all HoFH subgroups. Lomitapide was reported to be efficacious in a single-arm trial, but issues with adverse events, tolerability, and adherence were identified. An RCT on ezetimibe showed it was moderately effective when combined with a statin. LDL apheresis was reported as effective, but its evidence base was at very high risk of bias. All interventions lowered LDL-C, but the magnitude of this, and certainty in the supporting evidence, varied.
CONCLUSION: In practice, multiple treatments are required to treat HoFH. The sequencing of these should be made on an individualized basis, with consideration made to the benefits of each intervention.
Brain injuries, including strokes and traumatic brain injuries (TBI), are a major global health concern, contributing significantly to both mortality and long-term disability. Recent research has identified lipocalin-2 (LCN2), a glycoprotein secreted by various brain cells, as a key factor in influencing brain injury outcomes. Evidence from animal and clinical studies firmly establishes the pivotal role of LCN2 in driving the inflammatory responses triggered by damage to brain tissue. Furthermore, increased LCN2 promotes cellular differentiation, blood-brain barrier breakdown, and decreases cell viability. Interventions with LCN2 inhibitors attenuated brain injury through a reduction in the inflammation process and enhanced cellular viability. Potential mechanisms of LCN2 involve several pathways including the Janus kinase-2 (JAK2)-signal transducers and the transcription-3 (STAT3) signaling, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α)-LCN2-vascular endothelial growth factor alpha (VEGFα), and the PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) pathways. LCN2 itself interacts with diverse inflammatory cytokines in TBI and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), resulting in disruption of the blood-brain barrier, increased programmed cell death, and an imbalance in iron homeostasis. Clinical studies have also shown that increased LCN2 level can act as a prognostic biomarker of outcomes following brain injuries. Therefore, this review aims to comprehensively evaluate the role and underlying mechanisms of LCN2 in brain injuries, including stroke and TBI, and explore potential therapeutic interventions targeting LCN2 in these conditions.
Several factors influence the onset of acute aortic dissection (AAD). However, few studies have examined AAD onset, weather conditions, and meteorological factors in Japan. This study aimed to identify meteorological factors associated with the onset of AAD in Japan. In this self-controlled study, patients diagnosed with AAD onset from May 1, 2012, to April 30, 2021, at Shizuoka City Shizuoka Hospital (Shizuoka, Japan) were included. Meteorological data from the Shizuoka District Meteorological Office were used. Control days were randomly selected from a 29-day period centered on the day of onset. Conditional logistic regression models were used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the onset of AAD relative to the control day due to changes in meteorological factors. In total, 538 patients were included. The meteorological factors associated with the onset of AAD were identified as the daily mean temperature (OR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.04-1.16), daily minimum temperature (OR = 1.09; 95% CI = 1.03-1.14), daily maximum temperature (OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.00-1.10), and the mean of the daily mean temperatures for the previous 7 days (OR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.07-1.28) with a 1°C decrease in the temperature. The results of this study are expected to help raise awareness in clinical practice and among the general public about the increased risk of AAD associated with a drop in temperature.
BACKGROUND: Predicting nurse turnover risk is crucial due to the global nursing shortage; however, existing predictors, such as fatigue and burnout, lack objectivity. Salivary cortisol is a non-invasive marker of stress and fatigue, but its utility in predicting nurse turnover risk is unknown. We examined whether salivary cortisol profiles across three different day shifts in a month are predictors of the extent of nurses' reluctance to stay in their current jobs.
METHODS: This preliminary longitudinal study followed forty female nurses who engaged in shift work at a university hospital for 3 months. Data at enrollment were collected including demographics, working conditions, chronic fatigue (the Japanese version of the Occupational Fatigue/Exhaustion Recovery Scale), and burnout (Japanese Burnout scale). Salivary cortisol was measured before the three different day shifts (after awakening) during the first month, and the means of these measurements were used as the cortisol profile. The extent of reluctance to stay was assessed using the numerical rating scale at 3 months.
RESULTS: Among the forty female nurses (mean [SD] age, 28.3 [5.1]), all completed follow-up and were included in the analysis. The cortisol profile was associated with the extent of reluctance to stay (P = 0.017), and this association was significant despite adjustments for chronic fatigue and burnout (P = 0.005). A multiple regression model with chronic fatigue, burnout, and job tenure explained 41.5% of the variation in reluctance to stay. When the cortisol profile was added to this model, the association of the cortisol profile was significant (P = 0.006) with an R2 of 0.529 (ΔR2 = 0.114).
CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary study conducted in an actual clinical setting indicated the potential of the salivary cortisol profile across three different day shifts in a month to predict nurses' reluctance to stay in their current jobs. The combination of subjective indicators and the cortisol profile would be useful in predicting nurses' turnover risk.
A selection of patients from the quantitative study described above will be chosen purposively and step by step along the way to ensure the informational strength in the selection. When possible, we will include next of kin in the interviews together with the patient. We aim to include around 20-30 patients, without counting in next of kin. The part will be accomplished together with the quantitative part. Every new interview will be compared with previous interviews to identify similarities and differences. Characteristics it is important to ensure variability for; women and men, different ethnicities, education type, spread in age, number of medications and help from next of kin/homecare nurses or not. It is also important to ensure variability in number and type of medications and diagnoses.
All patients entering this trial received treatment with a combination of gemcitabine and trastuzumab. Gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 was administered intravenously on days 1, 8,and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Trastuzumab was administered as a 4 mg/kg intravenous loading dose on day 1 and subsequently at a dose of 2 mg/kg on a weekly basis.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to use for longer half-life in the blood to prolong the rejection suppression effect by administering a specified oligosaccharide derivative as a rejection reaction suppressant at the time of organ transplantation. SOLUTION: This oligosaccharide derivative is represented by formula I wherein R<1> denotes a hydrophilic polymer residue or a monovalent or bivalent group having one or two hydrophilic polymers through cross linking groups, (n) is 0 or 1, and (m) is 1 or 2. In formula I, Gal denotes galactose and GlcNAc denotes N-acetylglucosamine, and (m) denotes the valence of R<1> . When (n) is 0, the structure is given by formula II and when (n) is 1, the structure is given by formula III. As the hydrophilic polymer, for example, a polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1,000 to 50,000 is preferable. An example of the method for the production of this derivative is given although the method varies depending on the bond mode between the oligosaccharide and the hydrophilic polymer.  The niter group of a mono- or di-nitrophenol derivative of an oligosaccharide is reduced to obtain an aminophenol derivative and by bonding a cross linking group thereto, it is reacted with an activated hydrophilic polymer.
The present invention relates to a composition for a solid body cleanser. The solid body cleanser composition contains palm oil and coconut oil as the main ingredients which are human-friendly, wherein the coconut oil is contained in the range of 45-65 wt%. The composition can recover damage on skin barrier and separation of lipids which are useful for the human body. 1) The coconut oil is used in the range of 45-65 wt% in order to prevent an over cleaning, which means it is a selective cleaning, generally comprising sodium laurate and sodium myristylate, which is more hypoallergenic than sodium palmitate and sidium stearate which are main ingredients of the palm oil. 2) In order to supply lipids which are washed out during the cleansing, olive oil, macadamia nut oil, and camellia oil, which contain a large amount of olein and linolein among the natural oils, are contained, minimizing the feeling of pulling the skin; 3) Pseudo ceramide is contained for recovering the skin barrier. The present invention is a technology of Pseudo phospholipids which is applied to a cosmetic soap for the first time. The technology can remove pollutants on the very outer layer of dead skin and can protect or fill up phospholipids which are useful for the skin, and therefore, skin trouble can be prevented, maintaining healthy skin.
Nanomaterials are an important class of materials for sunscreens. Conventional metal oxide nanoparticles are toxic in nature and leave white patches on skin after application. This disclosure provides a sunscreen composition containing biodegradable antimicrobial polymer nanoparticles as UV filter. The sunscreen composition comprising chitosan nanoparticles, at least one flavoring agent, at least one coloring agent, at least one stabilizer, and at least one preservative, in a defined form, wherein size of the chitosan nanoparticles is ranging from 200 to 900 nm. The size of the chitosan nanoparticles ranging from 200 to 400 nm for air medium, 500 to 700 nm for water medium and 700 to 900 nm for ethanol medium. The chitosan polymer is derived from chitin, a glucosamine polymer. The sunscreen composition is available in the defined form selected from a group consisting of a skin cream, a skin lotion, a powder, a gel, and a sprayable liquid.
OBJECTIVE: The oral microbiota is the second largest microbiota in the human body and has a significant impact on human health. Recent evidence suggests that dysbiosis of the oral microbiota may be associated with the development of metabolism-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This review aimed to validate the relationship between oral microbial diversity and the development of MAFLD.
METHODS: A systematic evaluation was performed based on PRISMA guidelines. Three independent reviewers searched for relevant literature in several databases, including PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus, with a search date ranging from the establishment of the databases to June 2024.
RESULTS: A total of 1278 publications were initially screened, including five cross-sectional studies, seven case-control studies, one cohort study, and one retrospective study. These studies included a total of 3335 patients with MAFLD, 254 patients with MASH, and 105 patients with liver cirrhosis. All 14 included studies concluded that there was a correlation or potential correlation between oral microbiota and MAFLD. Seven studies found that the composition of the oral microbiota in MAFLD patients differed from that of healthy controls, and specific oral bacteria may be associated with an increased incidence of MAFLD. At the phylum level, several studies found differences in the abundance of the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Clostridia compared to healthy controls. Additionally, a study on oral fungi found significant differences in the phyla Proteobacteria and in the genus Staphylococcus between patients with MAFLD and healthy controls. At the genus level, Porphyromonas was studied most frequently, with all 8 studies identifying infection with Porphyromonas as a significant risk factor for pathological progression in MAFLD. Furthermore, a dysbiosis in the ratio of Porphyromonas gingivalis./Porphyromonas anomalies may be an important marker of MAFLD progression.
CONCLUSION: There is an important association between the diversity of oral microbiota composition and MAFLD. This finding suggests the importance of oral health assessment and monitoring for the prevention or intervention of MAFLD.
BACKGROUND: Glofitamab is a bispecific antibody with promise for treating relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma according to a phase 1/2 clinical trial. This study examined its real-world effectiveness.
METHODS: This was an investigator-initiated, multicenter retrospective study including 34 patients who had relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphomas after at least three prior lines of therapy and received glofitamab monotherapy in a compassionate use program in Taiwan between January 2021 and October 2022.
RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 15.9 months, 56% of patients responded to glofitamab and 23% achieved complete remission. Response to the previous line of therapy significantly correlated with response to glofitamab (p = .020). Most responses were durable; only five out of the 19 responders had documented disease recurrence at the data cutoff date. The estimated progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.2 months, and the estimated 1-year PFS was 33% for the entire cohort. PFS was better for responders than nonresponders (median PFS, 16.9 vs. 1.8 months; 1-year PFS, 60% vs. 0%). Forty-three cytokine release syndrome (CRS) events were observed, three of which were grade 3; all were manageable without glofitamab discontinuation. No immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity was reported. Among seven hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers (six had antiviral prophylaxis) and 14 patients with remote HBV (four had antiviral prophylaxis), no HBV reactivation was observed.
CONCLUSIONS: In this real-world cohort, glofitamab exhibited effectiveness comparable to trial results without excessive CRS or new safety issues. With appropriate prophylaxis, glofitamab-treated patients with chronic or remote HBV infection are unlikely to experience virus reactivation.
Patients will participate in a home stretching program for 3 months. They will then be crossed over to an active Lokomat treatment for a subsequent 3 months.