anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
FIELD: controlled introduction of medicinal preparations. SUBSTANCE: system has drug storage reservoir, drug dose delivery reservoir coupled to drug storage reservoir by means of connecting members through hand-operated pump and outlet channel coupled to drug dose delivery reservoir via flow limiter-regulator in outlet channel. Connecting members between drug storage reservoir and drug dose delivery reservoir are designed to direct flow only from drug storage reservoir to drug dose delivery reservoir at pressure in drug dose delivery reservoir below maximum pressure. Drug dose delivery reservoir is made of elastic material capable of expanding from minimum to maximum volumes and creating pressure on drug in drug dose delivery reservoir from minimum to maximum values, with drug dose being constant. Connecting members are provided with facility for control and variation of flow direction to drug storage reservoir when maximum pressure is attained. In system version connecting members are provided with protective chamber. Construction of system ensures drug introduction at constant rate without use of power source. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 29 cl, 3 dwg
PURPOSE: Multiple clinical visits are necessary to determine progression of keratoconus before offering corneal cross-linking. The purpose of this study was to develop a neural network that can potentially predict progression during the initial visit using tomography images and other clinical risk factors.
METHODS: The neural network's development depended on data from 570 keratoconus eyes. During the initial visit, numerical risk factors and posterior elevation maps from Scheimpflug imaging were collected. Increase of steepest keratometry of 1 diopter during follow-up was used as the progression criterion. The data were partitioned into training, validation, and test sets. The first two were used for training, and the latter for performance statistics. The impact of individual risk factors and images was assessed using ablation studies and class activation maps.
RESULTS: The most accurate prediction of progression during the initial visit was obtained by using a combination of MobileNet and a multilayer perceptron with an accuracy of 0.83. Using numerical risk factors alone resulted in an accuracy of 0.82. The use of only images had an accuracy of 0.77. The most influential risk factors in the ablation study were age and posterior elevation. The greatest activation in the class activation maps was seen at the highest posterior elevation where there was significant deviation from the best fit sphere.
CONCLUSIONS: The neural network has exhibited good performance in predicting potential future progression during the initial visit.
TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE: The developed neural network could be of clinical significance for keratoconus patients by identifying individuals at risk of progression.
INTRODUCTION: Recent randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that prehospital tranexamic acid (TXA) administration following injury is safe and improves survival. However, the effect of prehospital TXA on adverse events, transfusion requirements, and any dose-response relationships require further elucidation.
METHODS: A secondary analysis was performed using harmonized data from two large, double-blinded, randomized prehospital TXA trials. Outcomes, including 28-day mortality, pertinent adverse events, and 24-hour red cell transfusion requirements, were compared between TXA and placebo groups. Regression analyses were used to determine the independent associations of TXA after adjusting for study enrollment, injury characteristics, and shock severity across a broad spectrum of injured patients. Dose-response relationships were similarly characterized based upon grams of prehospital TXA administered.
RESULTS: A total of 1,744 patients had data available for secondary analysis and were included in the current harmonized secondary analysis. The study cohort had an overall mortality of 11.2% and a median Injury Severity Score of 16 (interquartile range, 5-26). Tranexamic acid was independently associated with a lower risk of 28-day mortality (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54-0.96; p = 0.03). Prehospital TXA also demonstrated an independent 22% lower risk of mortality for every gram of prehospital TXA administered (hazard ratio, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.63-0.96; p = 0.02). Multivariable linear regression verified that patients who received TXA were independently associated with lower 24-hour red cell transfusion requirements ( β= - 0.31; 95% CI, -0.61 to -0.01; p = 0.04) with a dose-response relationship ( β= - 0.24; 95% CI, -0.45 to -0.02; p = 0.03). There was no independent association of prehospital TXA administration on thromboembolism, seizure, or stroke.
CONCLUSION: In this secondary analysis of harmonized data from two large randomized interventional trials, prehospital TXA administration across a broad spectrum of injured patients is safe. Prehospital TXA is associated with a significant 28-day survival benefit and lower red cell transfusion requirements at 24 hours and demonstrates a dose-response relationship.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic/Care Management; Level III.
BACKGROUND: The chicken's inflammatory response is an essential part of the bird's response to infection. A single dose of Escherichia coli (E. coli) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin can activate the acute phase response (APR) and lead to the production of acute phase proteins (APPs). In this study, the responses of established chicken APPs, Serum amyloid A (SAA) and Alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein (AGP), were compared to two novel APPs, Hemopexin (Hpx) and Extracellular fatty acid binding protein (Ex-FABP), in 15-day old broilers over a time course of 48 h post E.coli LPS challenge. We aimed to investigate and validate their role as biomarkers of an APR. Novel plant extracts, Citrus (CTS) and cucumber (CMB), were used as dietary supplements to investigate their ability to reduce the inflammatory response initiated by the endotoxin.
RESULTS: A significant increase of established (SAA, AGP) and novel (Ex-FABP, Hpx) APPs was detected post E.coli LPS challenge. Extracellular fatty acid binding protein (Ex-FABP) showed a similar early response to SAA post LPS challenge by increasing ~ 20-fold at 12 h post challenge (P < 0.001). Hemopexin (Hpx) showed a later response by increasing ∼5-fold at 24 h post challenge (P < 0.001) with a similar trend to AGP. No differences in APP responses were identified between diets (CTS and CMB) using any of the established or novel biomarkers.
CONCLUSIONS: Hpx and Ex-FABP were confirmed as potential biomarkers of APR in broilers when using an E. coli LPS model along with SAA and AGP. However, no clear advantage for using either of dietary supplements to modulate the APR was identified at the dosage used.
Venetoclax is a B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibitor used in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), which can cause tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). We aimed to determine the incidence of, and risk factors for, TLS among patients with CLL/small lymphocytic lymphoma who received treatment with venetoclax at our institution from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2020. We included 616 venetoclax escalations among 136 patients with CLL. Overall, 74 patients (54%) underwent escalation exclusively outpatient, 35 (26%) had at least 1 planned hospitalization, and 27 (20%) were escalated exclusively inpatient. During venetoclax initiation, 86% of patients received allopurinol, 71% intravenous hydration, 18% phosphate binders, and 10% prophylactic rasburicase. Among the entire cohort, 7 patients (5.1%) developed laboratory TLS by modified Cairo Bishop criteria and none developed clinical TLS. Incidence of laboratory TLS was 15% for those escalated exclusively inpatient, 2.9% for those with any prophylactic hospitalization, and 2.7% for those escalated exclusively outpatient. Those who developed TLS were more likely to have higher TLS risk, and no additional risk factors were identified. In this single institution retrospective cohort study, laboratory TLS was observed, although clinical TLS was not. Prophylactic measures, including use of IV hydration, may have contributed to low rates of observed TLS in the outpatient setting.
Participants will initiate treatment with OCA 5 milligrams (mg) tablets orally once weekly. At Week 12, if there are no safety concerns, the dose will be up-titrated to OCA 5 mg twice weekly. Every 6 weeks thereafter, based on tolerability assessments, further up-titration of dose will be considered. At each titration visit, the participants will start the higher dose regimen no earlier than 2 days after the prior dose. The maximum dose titration will be OCA 10 mg twice weekly at least 3 days apart. The minimum treatment duration will be 48-weeks. Participants, who complete their 48-week treatment, can continue the treatment until all randomized participants complete their 48-week treatment period and the database for that period is locked (total duration: approximately up to 3 years).
Patients will receive a 5-day, once-daily 1Hz rTMS treatment via a circular coil applied to the auditory cortex. Each session will last 40 minutes and will be stimulated at an intensity of 80% resting motor threshold (RMT).
Metal wire teeth brace is manufactured in different sizes, for patients of different ages comprises a bow of one of the following alloys: (i) Chrome cobalt alloys (e.g. blue Elgiloy); (ii) beta titanium alloys, e.g. TMA; (iii) flexible nickel-titanium alloys, e.g. m-Niti; or (iv) stainless steel alloys.  Metal wire teeth brace is manufactured in different sizes, for patients of different ages and the tooth bow size. The brace comprises wire of minimum strength 0,017 x 0,025 inch and max. strength 0,021 x 0,025. The wire bow comprises one of the following alloys: (i) Chrome cobalt alloys (e.g. blue Elgiloy); (ii) beta titanium alloys, e.g. TMA; (iii) flexible nickel-titanium alloys, e.g. m-Niti; or (iv) stainless steel alloys. The wire bow is inserted into mouth on certain teeth (a) in front: on the brackets of the teeth no. 21/12 and (b) in the back: into the tape auxiliary tubes of the teeth no. 6/6. The bow does not contact the remaining teeth, brackets or tapes. The wire bow bends downward behind teeth no. 2/2 and to the height of the cut edge of the teeth no. 2/12 vertically, and runs horizontal for 2-3 mm. Then the wire turns upward again, and runs horizontal to the rear on a somewhat higher level than the height of the front section of wire, which runs between the teeth 2/2, so that it runs somewhat higher than the slot of the Bracket of the teeth No. 5/4/3/3/4/5.
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating hair loss containing a Coix lachryma-jobi var. majuyen extract and minoxidil. The pharmaceutical composition contains both the Coix lachryma-jobi var. majuyen extract and minoxidil, thereby having a synergistic effect. Therefore, compared to the case of treating dermal papilla cells with the Coix lachryma-jobi var. majuyen extract or minoxidil alone, the pharmaceutical composition shows a better hair growth effect and can minimize side effects due to long-term use, so that the pharmaceutical composition can be usefully used as a hair tonic or a hair loss treatment containing herbal medicine.
BACKGROUND: Neurodegenerative disorders are associated with chronic neuroinflammation, which contributes to their pathogenesis and progression. Resveratrol (RSV) is a polyphenolic compound with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we investigated whether RSV could protect against cognitive impairment and inflammatory response in a mouse model of chronic neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
METHOD: Mice received oral RSV (30 mg/kg) or vehicle for two weeks, and injected with LPS (0.75 mg/kg) or saline daily for the last seven days. After two weeks, mice were subjected to behavioral assessments using the Morris water maze and Y-maze. Moreover, mRNA expression of several inflammatory markers, neuronal loss, and glial density were evaluated in the hippocampus of treated mice.
RESULTS: Our findings showed that RSV treatment effectively improved spatial and working memory impairments induced by LPS. In addition, RSV significantly reduced hippocampal glial densities and neuronal loss in LPS-injected mice. Moreover, RSV treatment suppressed LPS-induced upregulation of NF-κB, IL-6, IL-1β, and GFAP in the hippocampus of treated mice.
CONCLUSION: Taken together, our results highlight the detrimental effect of systemic inflammation on the hippocampus and the potential of natural products with anti-inflammatory effects to counteract this impact.
###  Geriatric

A study in eight young healthy subjects (21 to 22 years old) and eight elderly healthy subjects (69 to 76 years old) showed that the absolute bioavailability of levodopa was similar between young and elderly subjects following oral administration of levodopa and carbidopa. However, the systemic exposure (AUC) of levodopa was increased by 55% in elderly subjects compared to young subjects. Based on another study in 40 patients with Parkinson’s disease, there was a correlation between age of patients and the increase of AUC of levodopa following administration of levodopa and an inhibitor of peripheral dopa decarboxylase. AUC of levodopa was increased by 28% in elderly patients (≥ 65 years old) compared to young patients (< 65 years old). Additionally, mean value of Cmax for levodopa was increased by 24% in elderly patients (≥ 65 years old) compared to young patients (< 65 years old) (see PRECAUTIONS: Geriatric Use). 

The AUC of carbidopa was increased in elderly subjects (n = 10, 65 to 76 years old) by 29% compared to young subjects (n = 24, 23 to 64 years old) following IV administration of 50 mg levodopa with carbidopa (50 mg). This increase is not considered a clinically significant impact.
INTRODUCTION: Oxidative stress has been implicated in complications after kidney transplantation (KT), including delayed graft function (DGF) and rejection. However, its role in long-term posttransplant outcomes remains unclear.
METHODS: We investigated oxidative damage and antioxidant defense dynamics, and their impact on the graft outcomes, in 41 KT recipients categorized by type of donation over 12 months. Oxidative status was determined using OxyScore and AntioxyScore indexes, which comprise several circulating biomarkers of oxidative damage and antioxidant defense. Donor types included donation after brain death (DBD [61.0%]), donation after circulatory death (DCD [26.8%]), and living donation (LD [12.1%]).
RESULTS: There was an overall increase in oxidative damage early after transplantation, which was significantly higher in DCD as compared to DBD and LD recipients. The multivariate adjustment confirmed the independent association of OxyScore and type of deceased donation with DGF, donor kidney function, and induction therapy with antithymocyte globulin. There were no differences in terms of antioxidant defense. Lower oxidative damage at day 7 predicted better graft function at 1-year posttransplant only in DBD recipients.
CONCLUSION: DCD induced greater short-term oxidative damage after KT, whereas the early levels of oxidative damage were predictive of the graft function 1 year after KT among DBD recipients.
Patients suspected of having AV access stenosis will be referred to the Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery by the dialysis center. Patients with signs of AV access failure who are found to have significant stenosis (more than 50%) at the venous end of the anastomosis will then be randomized to either high pressure balloon (Conquest) or to a cutting balloon (Boston scientific Balloon). Angiograms will then be performed before and after intervention.

Data will be collected from standard of care visit, including physician visits and ultrasounds. Follow up will be based on the function of the AV access, dialysis center criteria and/or standard of care ultrasound results: including venous pressure of the AV access, difficult cannulation, urea recirculation, and change in character and sound of the AV access (thrill/bruit), which are standard of care assessment at a dialysis center. All patient data sheets will be kept in a study binder and locked in the research room. Randomization will be performed with a computer program.
Systemic chemotherapy and intrathecal chemotherapy are performed every 3 weeks. After three treatment cycles, the treatment response is comprehensively evaluated including cerebrospinal fluid, intracranial and orbital tumors. If necessary, local radiotherapy and arterial interventional chemotherapy are performed for local solid tumors. Cerebrospinal fluid is detected in each treatment cycle. If RB tumor cells still exist in cerebrospinal fluid, chemotherapy and intrathecal chemotherapy are continued until the end event. If cerebrospinal fluid was negative, intrathecal chemotherapy is supplemented for another 2 cycles with a total of 6 cycles of systemic chemotherapy. The patients are followed up after treatment.
Background: Psychological treatments have been successful in the treatment of chronic low back pain (CLBP). However the effect sizes are still modest and there is room for improvement. A way to progress in this line is enhancing treatment adherence and self-management by means of information and communication technologies (ICT). The objective of this study is to investigate the short- and long-term efficacy of a Cognitive Behavioural Treatment (CBT) group program for CLBP supported versus non-supported by ICTs. A secondary objective is to evaluate the influence of relevant variables in treatment response. Possible barriers in the implementation of CBT with and without ICT will be also investigated.

Methods: A randomized controlled trail with 180 CLBP patients recruited in specialized care will be conducted. Participants will be randomly assigned to three conditions: Control group (CG), Cognitive Behavioural program (CBT), and CBT supported by ICTs (CBT + ICT). Participants belonging to the three conditions will receive a conventional rehabilitation program (back school). The CBT group program will last six sessions. The CBT + ICT will use the Internet and SMS in order to practice the therapeutic strategies between sessions and in the follow-ups in their homes. Primary outcome variables are self-reported disability and pain intensity. Assessment will be carried out by blinded assessors in five moments: pre-treatment, post-treatment and 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. The influence of catastrophizing, fear-avoidance beliefs, anxiety and depression in response to treatment in the primary outcomes will be also analysed.

Discussion This study will show data of the possible benefits of the use of ICTs in the improvement of CBT for the treatment of CLBP
Participants will be used as their own controls, with 1 lower extremity randomly receiving intervention. The experimental extremity will received a single treatment session of TrP dry needling as follows: the therapist will located the TrP and will applied manual compression until the participant will reported pain. After that, dry needling technique will be performed on the TrPs for 60 seconds.
Every patient gets ibrutinib + radiation over 6 weeks. Patients will undergo a 4-week break and then Ibrutinib treatment will continue until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, or death.
This randomized controlled trail was conducted at Surgical Ward from January 2021 to July 2021.

Materials and Methods Total 72 patients (indicated for thyroid surgery) who were fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Patients were divided randomly into two groups by using lottery method. In Group A patients wound closure was done without Platysma Suturing and in Group-B patients wound closure was done with Platysma Suturing. Pain assessment was done with the help of VAS after surgery (6, Hours, 24 hours, 48 hours). Scar assessment was carried out with the help of POSAS. All this information was noted by the researcher himself and noted on a well-designed questionnaire.
The innate immune system serves as the first line of defense against β-coronaviruses (β-CoVs), a family of viruses that includes SARS-CoV-2. Viral sensing via pattern recognition receptors triggers inflammation and cell death, which are essential components of the innate immune response that facilitate viral clearance. However, excessive activation of the innate immune system and inflammatory cell death can result in uncontrolled release of proinflammatory cytokines, resulting in cytokine storm and pathology. PANoptosis, innate immune, inflammatory cell death initiated by innate immune sensors and driven by caspases and RIPKs through PANoptosome complexes, has been implicated in the pathology of viral infections. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating PANoptosis in response to β-CoV infection is critical for identifying new therapeutic targets that can mitigate disease severity. In the current study, we analyzed findings from a cell death-based CRISPR screen with archetypal β-CoV mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) as the trigger to characterize host molecules required for inflammatory cell death. As a result, we identified SMARCA4, a chromatin regulator, as a putative host factor required for PANoptosis in response to MHV. Furthermore, we observed that gRNA-mediated deletion of Smarca4 inhibited MHV-induced PANoptotic cell death in macrophages. These findings have potential translational and clinical implications for the advancement of treatment strategies for β-CoVs and other infections.
Researchers are looking to recruit a total of 50 subjects at Riverview and Forensic Psychiatric Hospitals who would like to reduce or quit smoking cigarettes. This open label pilot study will gather information regarding the safety and tolerability of varenicline in subjects who have been diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Consenting subjects will be prescribed varenicline as follows: varenicline 0.5 mg/d for days 1 to 3, 0.5 mg twice daily for days 4 to 7, then 1 mg twice daily through week 12. The research team will meet with the subject once a week for twelve weeks and the subject will be interviewed and asked to complete questionnaires about his/her psychiatric symptoms, tobacco use and nicotine dependence. The measures used include the FTND, PANSS, CGI-I, CGI-S, ESRS, UKU, BARS, WSWS, QSU-brief, mCEQ, and the OAS-M. The CGI-SS will also be completed throughout the study as well as once weekly for three weeks following the completion of the study (Post-Study follow-up visits 1-3).