anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Persistent neuroinflammatory response after cauda equina injury (CEI) lowers nociceptor firing thresholds, accompanied by pathological pain and decreasing extremity dysfunction. Histone deacetylation has been considered a key regulator of immunity, inflammation, and neurological dysfunction. Our previous study suggested that valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, exhibited neuroprotective effects in rat models of CEI, although the underlying mechanism remains elusive.
METHODS: The cauda equina compression surgery was performed to establish the CEI model. The Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan score, and the von Frey filament test were carried out to measure the animal behavior. Immunofluorescence staining of myelin basic protein and GPX4 was carried out. In addition, transmission electron microscope analysis was used to assess the effect of VPA on the morphological changes of mitochondria. RNA-sequencing was conducted to clarify the underlying mechanism of VPA on CEI protection.
RESULTS: In this current study, we revealed that the expression level of HDAC1 and HDAC2 was elevated after cauda equina compression model but was reversed by VPA treatment. Meanwhile, HDAC2 knockdown resulted in the improvement of motor functions and pathologic pain, similar to treatment with VPA. Histology analysis also showed that knockdown of histone deacetylase (HDAC)-2, but not HDAC1, remarkably alleviated cauda equina injury and demyelinating lesions. The potential mechanism may be related to lowering oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the injured region. Notably, the transcriptome sequencing indicated that the therapeutic effect of VPA may depend on HDAC2-mediated ferroptosis. Ferroptosis-related genes were analyzed in vivo and DRG cells further validated the reliability of RNA-sequencing results, suggesting HDAC2-H4K12ac axis participated in epigenetic modulation of ferroptosis-related genes.
CONCLUSION: HDAC2 is critically involved in the ferroptosis and neuroinflammation in cauda equina injury, and VPA ameliorated cauda equina injury by suppressing HDAC2-mediated ferroptosis.
Malabsorption of NaCl is the primary cause of diarrhea in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Coupled NaCl absorption occurs via the dual operation of Na:H and Cl:HCO3 exchange in the brush border membrane (BBM) of villus cells. Cl:HCO3 exchange is mediated by BBM transporters DRA (downregulated in adenoma) and PAT1 (putative anion transporter 1) in the mammalian small intestine. DRA/PAT1-mediated Cl:HCO3 exchange was significantly downregulated in the BBM of villus cells in a rabbit model of chronic ileitis, while Na:H exchange was unaffected. The inhibition of Cl:HCO3 exchange was restored in the rabbits when treated with a broad-spectrum immunomodulator, i.e. a glucocorticoid, indicating that the downregulation of DRA/PAT1 is likely to be immune-mediated during chronic enteritis. Mucosal mast cells are one type of key immune cells that are known to proliferate and release immune inflammatory mediators, thus playing a significant role in the pathogenesis of IBD. However, how mast cells may regulate DRA- and PAT1-mediated Cl:HCO3 exchange in a rabbit model of chronic ileitis is unknown. In this study, treatment of rabbits with chronic intestinal inflammation with the mast cell stabilizer ketotifen did not affect the mucosal architecture of the inflamed intestine. However, ketotifen treatment reversed the inhibition of Cl:HCO3 activity in the BBM of villus cells. This restoration of Cl:HCO3 activity to normal levels by ketotifen was found to be secondary to restoring the affinity of the exchangers for its substrate chloride. This observation was consistent with molecular studies, where the mRNA and BBM protein expressions of DRA and PAT1 remained unaffected in the villus cells under all experimental conditions. Thus, this study indicates that mast cells mediated the inhibition of coupled NaCl absorption by inhibiting Cl:HCO3 exchange in a rabbit model of chronic enteritis.
BACKGROUND: Vulvar migration is a rare complication of filler injection for breast augmentation, generally presenting as repeated pain and fever. We will report a case of woman with polyacrylamide hydrogel breast injection develops vulvar abscess.
CASE PRESENTATION: A woman with a history of polyacrylamide hydrogel breast injection was noted to have vulvar abscess due to migration of filler materials. Filler removal surgery and vacuum sealing drainage was performed for this patient. The patient was discharged from the hospital with no further complications. After a review of pertinent literature, only four previous case reports are found. Local inflammatory response, infection, large volume injections, inframammary fold destruction, hematogenous or lymphatic migrate, trauma, gravity and external pressure could play essential parts in the migration of injected filler.
CONCLUSION: Polyacrylamide hydrogel migration poses a worldwide challenge, necessitating personalized solutions. Our case study underscores the importance of comprehensive examinations for individuals with a history of filler breast injection when suspecting vulvar filler migration.
This study targets disparities in cardiometabolic disease prevalence and outcomes, and the unmet behavioral health needs in the US Hispanic population. Differences in the quantity and quality of health care targeted to and received by members of the Hispanic population contribute to these disparities. Inequities in health care access and use are likely the result of an interaction of several multi-level factors, such as those related to low Socio-Economic Status (e.g., lack of transportation or health coverage, time constraints, unsafe environments, knowledge barriers), cultural factors, language or communication-style differences, and others. Mi Puente (or "My Bridge") is a culturally-tailored, interdisciplinary approach designed to support at-risk Hispanic patients and their caregivers pre- and post-hospital discharge as they navigate the multi-level barriers that contribute to inequities in health care access and use, and in turn, perpetuate disparities in cardiometabolic and behavioral health. Mi Puente builds upon a sustainable nurse + volunteer peer team-based model and a strong collaborative, bridging partnership between inpatient and outpatient care settings to meet the integrated (i.e., physical and behavioral) health needs of Hispanics who are hospitalized with multiple chronic cardiometabolic conditions and one or more behavioral health concern(s). The program is guided by the Social Ecological Model,34 Resources and Support for Self-Management Model,35,36 and Transtheoretical Model of behavior change,37,38 and will be tested at Scripps Mercy Hospital - a large, non-profit, safety net hospital located in the US/Mexico border region of South San Diego County, California. The proposed randomized controlled trial will test Mi Puente versus Usual Care (evidence-based, best practice discharge procedures) in improving hospital utilization, patient-reported, and cost effectiveness outcomes. Electronic medical records (EMR) will be used to identify eligible patients and examine primary outcomes. Ultimately the investigators seek to evaluate an effective, culturally appropriate, sustainable, and scalable program that addresses integrated health needs and reduces health disparities in Hispanics and other at-risk populations.
BACKGROUND: Lacosamide (LCM) has become commonly used for focal onset seizures due to its high tolerability and low drug interactions. Unlike patients on hemodialysis (HD), pharmacokinetic data and dosing recommendations for patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) are scant.
CASE REPORT: A 2-year-old girl with end-stage kidney disease undergoing PD suffered prolonged focal onset seizures. The patient had congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract associated with branchio-oto-renal syndrome due to an EYA1 gene mutation. She also had neurological sequelae from post-resuscitation encephalopathy at the age of one month. Antiseizure medication with few drug interactions, less impact on the neurodevelopmental state and possibility of intravenous administration was preferred. LCM met those criteria and was carefully administered. Although the patient had recurrent prolonged seizures during the titration periods, LCM could be continued without any apparent side effects. The blood levels of LCM increased linearly to the optimal level. We confirmed excretion of LCM in the PD fluid. Kidney transplantation was done three months after and her seizures were well controlled.
CONCLUSIONS: LCM might be a promising option for patients undergoing PD. Due to the lower removal efficacy in PD compared with in HD, close attention should be paid to possible drug excess.
The imbalance between T helper cell 17 (Th17)and regulatory T cells (Treg) cells leading to inflammation has an important role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) can regulate the differentiation of T cells, but the specific pathway leading mTOR to regulate Th17/Treg cells in UC remains unclear. Our aim with this study was to investigate the effects of mTOR overexpression and silencing on the hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) - Th17/Treg signaling pathway. To mimic a human study, we established a colon cancer epithelial cell line (HT-29) co-culture system with human CD4+ T cells, and we treated the cells with TNF-α. We observed the effects of mTOR on the HIF-Th17/Treg signaling pathway to determine whether mTOR is involved in the regulatory mechanism. Under the stimulation of TNF-α, the levels of HIF-1α in CD4+T cells were increased in the HT-29 co-culture with CD4+ T cells, promoting glycolysis, increasing the Th17 proportion, decreasing the Treg proportion, increasing the pro-inflammatory factors levels, and decreasing the anti-inflammatory factors levels. Moreover, after mTOR silencing, the HIF-1α level and cell glycolysis levels decreased, Th17 cell differentiation decreased, the pro-inflammatory factor levels decreased, and the anti-inflammatory factor levels increased. In contrast, mTOR overexpression lead to the opposite results.mTOR promotes inflammation by regulating the HIF signaling pathway during UC, and silencing mTOR may alleviate inflammation. An mTOR inhibitor is a potential therapeutic target for UC treatment.
Antiretroviral (ARV) medication regimens for children, adolescents and young adults are often prescribed based on drug resistance because of previous treatment history. In order to find an effective regimen, clinicians must often turn to newer drugs before they have been fully tested in adolescent or pediatric clinical trials. One of the first steps in testing these drugs is to assess the drug pharmacokinetics (PK), or interaction between drugs and body. This study, a follow-on protocol to the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Group (IMPAACT) P1058 study, will test children, adolescents and young adults who have already been prescribed treatment regimens with new drugs. The study will examine the PK of medication combinations featuring raltegravir, a new drug in the new ARV class of entry inhibitors (EIs); maraviroc, a new drug in the new class of fusion inhibitors (FIs); and etravirine, a new drug in the class of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). Older medications may also be used to complete these regimens.

Participation in this study will last between 1 and 7 weeks and involve at least two clinic visits. The first is a screening and entry visit at which a medical history will be taken and a physical exam and blood test will be completed. The second visit will measure PK of the medications. During this visit, participants will complete the same measures as before-medical history, physical exam, blood test-and then be given a dose of their anti-HIV medication regimen. After receiving the medications, participants will be monitored and give blood samples after 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 hours. For Groups G, H, I, J, K and L an intensive 12-hour PK study will be scheduled after at least 30 days on the combination of interest. For all Groups, the intensive 12-hour PK study should be performed within 35 days (5 weeks) of screening/entry evaluations. Medications will not be provided through this study.

Results of the 12-hour medication monitoring tests will be delivered to participants' physicians within 6 weeks. If, based on these results, a physician decides to change the dosage of a participant's medication, that participant may be asked to complete a second PK visit. Participants must have received the revised dose for at least 14 days before the PK study can be repeated.
The invention relates to a two-component addition-cured silicon impression compound, comprising the following when both components are mixed: (a) between 1 and 35 wt. % of at least one organopolysiloxane comprising at least two unsaturated groups in the molecule; (b) between 1 and 10 wt. % of at least one organohydrogenpolysiloxane comprising at least two SiH groups in the molecule; (c) between 0.00005 and 0.05 wt. % of at least one platinum catalyst, calculated as elementary platinum; (d) between 4 and 10 wt. % of at least one liquid paraffin or at least one white mineral oil, or of a mixture of at least one liquid paraffin and at least one white mineral oil; (e) between 50 and 90 wt. % of at least one filler, each respective percentage relating to the total weight of the silicon impression compound. According to the invention, one of the components before being mixed with the other component has a Brookfield viscosity ranging between 800 and 2000 Pa*s. The invention is characterized in that the silicon impression compound, when mixed, has a consistency stipulated by ISO 4823 of less then or equal to 35 mm.
A process forms an implantable product including poly(glycerol sebacate) urethane (PGSU) loaded with an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). The process includes homogeneously mixing a flowable poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) resin with the API and a catalyst to form a resin blend. The process also includes homogeneously combining the resin blend with an isocyanate to form a reaction mixture and injecting the reaction mixture to form the PGSU loaded with the API. An implantable product includes a PGSU loaded with an API. In some embodiments, the implantable product includes at least 40% w/w of the API, and the implantable product releases the API by surface degradation of the PGSU at a predetermined release rate for at least three months under physiological conditions. In some embodiments, the PGSU is formed from a PGS reacted with an isocyanate at an isocyanate-to-hydroxyl stoichiometric (crosslinking) ratio in the range of 1:0.25 to 1:1.25.
BACKGROUND: We have recently described circumferential nerve involvement of neuromuscular choristoma associated with desmoid-type fibromatosis (NMC-DTF) in cases involving the sciatic nerve, supporting a nerve-derived mechanism for the DTF. We wondered whether a similar growth pattern occurs in cases involving the brachial plexus (BP).
METHODS: We reviewed all available magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in patients diagnosed at our institution with NMC or NMC-DTF of the BP. We also performed a literature search of patients with NMC or NMC-DTF of the BP.
RESULTS: In our clinical records, four patients with NMC of the BP were identified, and three developed NMC-DTF. All three patients had MR imaging evidence of circumferential encasement of the BP. In the literature, we identified 15 cases of NMC of the BP, of which 12 had identified NMC-DTF. Four published cases included MR images, and only two were of sufficient quality for review. The single provided image in both cases demonstrated a similar pattern of circumferential encasement of the BP by the NMC-DTF. One additional case report was published without MR images but described circumferential involvement in the surgical findings. One unpublished case of NMC-DTF of the BP from an international radiology meeting also had this circumferential pattern pattern on MRI.
CONCLUSIONS: The MRI findings of circumferential nerve involvement in patients with NMC-DTF of the BP are similar to our previously reported data in patients with NMC-DTF of the sciatic nerve, providing further imaging-based support of a nerve-driven mechanism. Clinical implications are presented based on the proposed pathogenetic mechanism.
Patients take one 25 mg tablet of exemestane once daily, everolimus 10 mg orally per day and metformin 500 mg orally per day for three days. If there are no dose limiting toxicities, dose of metformin will be increased by 500 mg orally every three days to reach the target dose of 1,000 mg orally twice daily. Drugs will be taken immediately after a meal at the same time each day.
Consisting of three sessions within a maximum period of 3 months. We conducted a counseling, aimed at increasing physical activity, aiming to raise steps. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of physical activity, such as overcoming barriers to physical activity and targets agreed between the parties. The pedometer is given along with a diary to record the number of steps and returned in the last session.
As a control group, 40 subjects will be included into the study. Exclusion criteria and examination protocol are identical with the patient group. By means of navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation the resting motor threshold, recruitment curve, cortical silent period and motor area will be determined.
PURPOSE: Surgical site infection (SSI) is common after laparoscopic appendectomy, resulting in prolonged hospital stay and increased costs. This study examined the relationship between body composition parameters and risk of incisional SSI in patients with complicated appendicitis.
METHODS: We included 411 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery for complicated appendicitis at a single institution between March 2015 and October 2023. Body composition parameters were derived from preoperative computed tomography (CT). A nomogram was constructed based on the independent predictors of incisional SSI.
RESULTS: Overall, 45 (10.9%) patients developed incisional SSI. Visceral fat area (VFA) was independently associated with risk of incisional SSI (hazard ratio 1.015, 95% confidence interval 1.010-1.020, P < 0.001). A nomogram integrating VFA and two other independent predictors (diabetes and conversion) demonstrated high discriminative (area under the curve = 0.793) and calibration abilities.
CONCLUSIONS: CT-derived VFA could be a valuable predictor of incisional SSI in patients with complicated appendicitis undergoing laparoscopic surgery. A VFA-based nomogram may help in identifying patients at high risk of SSI.
The invention relates to traditional Chinese medicine powder for treating psoriasis and a preparation method. The medicine comprises 24 traditional Chinese medicines. The medicine is characterized by comprising the following components according to parts by weight: 6-12 of prepared Qin turtle, 0.5-1.5 of bezoar, 15-30 of astragalus root, 10-20 of angelica, 15-30 of smilax glabra rhizoma, 5-15 of yellow-corktree bark, 6-15 of peony bark, 6-15 of broom cypress fruit, 6-15 of red peony root, 6-15 of safflower, 5-15 of cortex dictamni radicis, 6-18 of kuh-seng, 3-15 of prepared zaocys dhumnade, 8-18 of raw tuber fleeceflower, 8-18 of rehmannia root, 3-15 of radix sileris, 3-10 of prepared cicada slough, 3-9 of stir-fried sibirian button bur, 2-9 of licorice, 6-15 of redroot gromwell root, 3-8 of prepared centipede, 3-8 of prepared scorpio, 4-12 of honeysuckle and 6-15 of radix salviae miltiorrhizae. The preparation method of the medicine comprises the following steps: firstly, pulverizing the 23 traditional Chinese medicines of the Qin turtle and the like, then mixing evenly with bezoar powder which is ground into superfine powder after sieving by a sieve of 80-100 meshes, weighing and packaging into bags. 8 grams of the medicine are contained in each bag, one bag is used each time, and the medicine is taken thrice in one day and is taken with water after meal. The invention has the functions of removing the blood poison, tonifying the internal deficiency, nourishing the stomach, strengthening the spleen, calming the liver and regulating the flow of qi and especially has a unique curative effect for removing toxin in blood. The invention has good curative effect, no dietetic restraint, easy radical cure, no relapse and low treating expense, the effective rate is 96.5%, and the cure rate is 91.5%.
Hypersensitivity reactions were reported in patients treated with VABOMERE in the clinical trials [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. Serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity (anaphylactic) reactions and serious skin reactions have been reported in patients receiving therapy with beta-lactam antibacterial drugs. These reactions are more likely to occur in individuals with a history of sensitivity to multiple allergens. There have been reports of individuals with a history of penicillin hypersensitivity who have experienced severe hypersensitivity reactions when treated with another beta-lactam antibacterial drug. Before initiating therapy with VABOMERE, it is important to inquire about previous hypersensitivity reactions to penicillins, cephalosporins, other beta-lactam antibacterial drugs, and other allergens. If an allergic reaction to VABOMERE occurs, discontinue the drug immediately.
PURPOSE: Provided is an anti-dandruff hair composition which has excellent prevention effects on dandruff and scalp itching. Its prevention and treatment effects on dandruff can be improved by adding piroctone olamine and zinc pyrithione. CONSTITUTION: The composition contains at least one selected from primulaceae extract, great burdock extract and Cocculus trilobus (Thunb.) DC. extract, which have excellent anti-fungal and anti-itching properties. It further contains piroctone olamine and zinc pyrithione.
Cis-cinnamyl guanidine and its acid addition salts are prepared by reacting cis-cinnamyl-amine or a salt thereof with an S-alkyl-isothiourea and separating if necessary the cisisomer from a mixture of the cis- and transisomers formed.  A base is converted into its salt and vice versa.  Other standard methods of forming guanidines are disclosed.  Cis-cinnamylamine is prepared from 3-chloro-1-phenyl-propyne through N-(3-phenyl-2-propynyl)-phthalimide and cis-N-cinnamyl-phthalimide.  Pharmaceutical compositions having antihypertensive activity comprise cis-cinnamyl guanidine or a salt thereof with a pharmaceutical carrier.  The compositions may be in a form suitable for oral administration.
The invention relates to a means for cleaning teeth. The inventive means is present in the form of an aqueous, pasty or liquid dispersion comprising 10-30 wt. % of a combination of polishing means and 20-50 wt. % of means that keep moisture. The inventive means for cleaning teeth contain silicic acid and pumice stone powder in the weight ratio 10:(0.01-0.5) as polishing means. The cleaning capacity of the means for cleaning teeth is further improved by the very low portion of pumice stone powder without increasing the scratching effect. In a preferred embodiment, 1-12 wt. % of condensed phosphates of the group tripolyphosphate, pyrophosphate and trimetaphosphate in the form of alkali or ammonium salts are additionally contained.