anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Elevated substance P can be utilized to predict early mortality during the first week of cerebral infarction. Whether aprepitant, a substance P receptor blocker could be utilized to alleviate poststroke pneumonia which is investigated in this study. Intraluminal monofilament model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was constructed in C57BL/6J male mice, and the relative expression of substance P was detected in collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue homogenate at 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours poststroke. On the other hand, different concentrations of aprepitant (0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg) were atomized and inhaled into MCAO mice. Inflammation cytokines and bacterial load were detected in collected BALF and lung tissue homogenate at 72-hour poststroke, and lung injury was revealed by histological examination. Aprepitant administration decreased total proteins, total cells, neutrophils, and macrophages in BALF. The concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon γ, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and IL-10 in lung tissue homogenates were also diminished by the administration of aprepitant. In conclusion, aprepitant could attenuate poststroke pneumonia in mice suggesting its potential therapeutic use in the clinic.
Male patients aged 8 to 18 years with a diagnosis of Kindler syndrome. Based on the results of diagnostic methods, further division of patients into prepubertal and pubertal periods of puberty is planned.
The study will include 2 phases. In the first phase escalated doses of post-transplant cyclophosphamide up to a maximal dose of 50 mg/kg administered on day +3 and +4 (target dose) will be added to a standard GVHD prophylaxis consisting of anti-human T-lymphocyte immunoglobulin (ATLG, Grafalon®, formerly ATG-Fresenius S, Neovii Pharmaceuticals) 15mg/kg total (5mg/kg day) on days -3 to -1 pre transplantation in order to find the maximally tolerated dose (MTD) of post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) in combination with pre-transplant immunosuppression by ATLG. The second phase will use the MTD cyclophosphamide dose identified in the first phase.
Upon patient recruitment Esophageal balloon will be inserted and esophageal / pleural pressure will be measured. Thereafter, Inspiratory pressures and PEEP will be adjusted according to well established criteria. Inspiratory pressure and PEEP will be adjusted to achieve the best lung compliance possible while not exceeding transpulmonary end Inspiratory pressure of 25 to 30 cm H2O, and at the same time maintaining a positive transpulmonary end expiratory pressure of not more than 5 cm H2O.
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contribute to neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) after vascular injury, a common feature of vascular remodelling disorders. Suramin is known to exert antitumour effects by inhibiting the proliferation of various tumour cells; however, its effects and mechanism on VSMCs remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of suramin on human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs), rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs) and NIH to examine its suitability for the prevention of vascular remodelling disorders. In vitro, suramin administration reduced platelet-derived growth factor type BB (PDGF-BB)-stimulated proliferation, migration, and dedifferentiation of VSMCs through a transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1)/Smad2/3-dependent pathway. Suramin dramatically inhibited NIH ligation in the left common carotid artery (LCCA) vivo. Therefore, our results indicate that suramin protects against the development of pathological vascular remodelling by attenuating VSMCs proliferation, migration, and phenotypic transformation and may be used as a potential medicine for the treatment of NIH.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In obesity, depletion of KCs expressing CRIg (complement receptor of the Ig superfamily) leads to microbial DNA accumulation, which subsequently triggers tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. However, the mechanism underlying obesity-mediated changes in KC complement immune functions is largely unknown.
APPROACH AND RESULTS: Using KC-specific deactivated Cas9 transgenic mice treated with guide RNA, we assessed the effects of restoring CRIg or the serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) abundance on KC functions and metabolic phenotypes in obese mice. The impacts of weight loss on KC responses were evaluated in a diet switch mouse model. The role of SRSF3 in regulating KC functions was also evaluated using KC-specific SRSF3 knockout mice. Here, we report that overexpression of CRIg in KCs of obese mice protects against bacterial DNA accumulation in metabolic tissues. Mechanistically, SRSF3 regulates CRIg expression, which is essential for maintaining the CRIg+ KC population. During obesity, SRSF3 expression decreases, but it is restored with weight loss through a diet switch, normalizing CRIg+ KCs. KC SRSF3 is also repressed in obese human livers. Lack of SRSF3 in KCs in lean and obese mice decreases their CRIg+ population, impairing metabolic parameters. During the diet switch, the benefits of weight loss are compromised due to SRSF3 deficiency. Conversely, SRSF3 overexpression in obese mice preserves CRIg+ KCs and improves metabolic responses.
CONCLUSIONS: Restoring SRSF3 abundance in KCs offers a strategy against obesity-associated tissue inflammation and insulin resistance by preventing bacterial DNA accumulation.
Anamorelin (ANAM) is a novel ghrelin receptor agonist for the treatment of cancer cachexia. In clinical trials of ANAM, glucose metabolism disorders as adverse effects were relatively frequent, however, when and how they occur remains unclear. Moreover, the safety in patients with pancreatic cancer and/or diabetes has not been clarified because most previous studies focused on patients with non-small cell lung cancer and had excluded patients with poorly controlled diabetes. Herein, a 66-year-old man with advanced pancreatic cancer and diabetes was administered ANAM, and acute hyperglycemia was developed and could be monitored by the self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). Increasing the insulin dose failed to control hyperglycemia adequately, but the hyperglycemia ameliorated quickly after ANAM discontinuation. The continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) revealed that the sensor glucose levels had remained in the high range throughout the day during ANAM administration despite using 1.5 times more insulin. Our report is one of the few that describe the details of ANAM-induced hyperglycemia and provides important information for the safe and effective use of ANAM.
Introduction: obesity is a global health problem. Metabolic/Bariatric surgery (MBS) has proven to be one of the most effective methods for treating the most severe forms. However, a thorough evaluation and preparation of people seeking MBS is necessary. In Spain, there are no standardized interviews to carry out the psychosocial assessment of people seeking MBS. The Boston Interview for MBS (BIBS) is a recognized and flexible tool to evaluate the psychosocial factors. Objective: to present the process of translation into Spanish and cross-cultural adaptation of the BIBS. Materials and methods: the reverse translation procedure was followed. To validate the translation, a multidisciplinary group of experts was formed. They were asked to rate the clarity of wording and cultural adaptation of the translation items. In addition, the translated interview was used to evaluate 173 patients seeking MBS who rated their satisfaction with the interview experience. Results: the evaluation of the translation by a group of experts was favorable (global mode and median were 3-excellent, IQR of 1). The overall percentage agreement of the adequacy of "cultural adaptation" of the text was 85.8 % (95 % CI, 0.784, 0.932) and of the "clarity of wording" was 84.7 % (95 % CI, 0.7644; 0.9286). Furthermore, it was well accepted by the majority of the patients interviewed (p(50) 10 out of 10). Conclusions: the Spanish translation of the BIBS is available for the assessment of Spanish-speaking people seeking MBS. It was rated as having good fidelity to the original English version, and was deemed highly satisfactory by patients.
HALDOL decanoate 50 and HALDOL decanoate 100 should be administered by deep intramuscular injection. A 21 gauge needle is recommended. The maximum volume per injection site should not exceed 3 mL. DO NOT ADMINISTER INTRAVENOUSLY.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.

HALDOL decanoate 50 and HALDOL decanoate 100 are intended for use in schizophrenic patients who require prolonged parenteral antipsychotic therapy. These patients must be previously stabilized on antipsychotic medication before considering a conversion to haloperidol decanoate. Furthermore, it is recommended that patients being considered for haloperidol decanoate therapy have been treated with, and tolerate well, short-acting HALDOL (haloperidol) in order to reduce the possibility of an unexpected adverse sensitivity to haloperidol. Close clinical supervision is required during the initial period of dose adjustment in order to minimize the risk of overdosage or reappearance of psychotic symptoms before the next injection. During dose adjustment or episodes of exacerbation of symptoms of schizophrenia, haloperidol decanoate therapy can be supplemented with short-acting forms of haloperidol.

The dose of HALDOL decanoate 50 or HALDOL decanoate 100 should be expressed in terms of its haloperidol content. The starting dose of haloperidol decanoate should be based on the patient's age, clinical history, physical condition, and response to previous antipsychotic therapy. The preferred approach to determining the minimum effective dose is to begin with lower initial doses and to adjust the dose upward as needed. For patients previously maintained on low doses of antipsychotics (e.g. up to the equivalent of 10 mg/day oral haloperidol), it is recommended that the initial dose of haloperidol decanoate be 10–15 times the previous daily dose in oral haloperidol equivalents; limited clinical experience suggests that lower initial doses may be adequate.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an anti-inflammatory agent having excellent anti-inflammatory effects (a hexosaminidase isolation inhibitory effect, cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity inhibitory effect, hyaluronidase activity inhibitory effect, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) production inhibitory effect, etc.) and also having a high safety, an antiobesity agent having excellent antiobesity effects (a cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activity inhibitory effect, etc.) and also having a high safety, and a skin care preparation, foodstuffs and beverages by using at least any one of the anti-inflammatory agent and antiobesity agent.  <P>SOLUTION: The anti-inflammatory agent and antiobesity agent are characterized by containing at least one selected from an extract of fermented Alpinia speciosa, extract of fermented Artemisia princeps, extract of fermented Psidium guajava, extract of fermented Crepidia strumlanceolatum and extract of fermented Curcuma longa. The skin care preparation, foodstuffs and beverages are characterized by containing at least any one of the anti-inflammatory agents and antiobesity agents.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Of the total number of patients with RA exposed to KEVZARA in clinical studies [see Clinical Studies (14.1)], 450 patients (15%) were 65 years of age and over, while 48 patients (1.6%) were 75 years and over. In clinical studies, no overall differences in safety and efficacy were observed between older and younger patients. The frequency of serious infections among KEVZARA and placebo-treated patients 65 years of age and older was higher than those under the age of 65. 

Of the total number of patients with PMR exposed to KEVZARA in the clinical study (Study 3) [see Clinical Studies (14.2)], 16 patients (27.1%) were under 65 years of age, 33 patients (55.9%) were 65 to 75 years of age, and 10 patients (17.0%) were 75 years and over. The median age in the PMR study was 69.0 years and all patients were on baseline corticosteroid. There were no differences in the incidence of serious infections between the KEVZARA group and placebo group. In Study 3, no overall differences in safety were observed between older and younger patients.

As there is a higher incidence of infections in the elderly population in general, caution should be used when treating the elderly.
PURPOSE:To provide an antithrombotic agent containing a clathrate compound obtained by clathrating garlic oil with cyclodextrin as an active component. CONSTITUTION:70% Ethanol is added to garlic oil and cyclodextrin (e.g. beta- cyclodextrin), heated on a water bath under stirring to obtain a solution and refluxed with heat. The solution is allowed to cool to room temperature under stirring to obtain a white precipitate. The stirring is continued further and the obtained white precipitate is filtered, washed with a small amount of 70% ethanol and dried by heating under reduced pressure to obtain a garlic oil- cyclodextrin clathrate compound as an odorless white powder. The compound is used as an active component of the objective antithrombotic agent. EFFECT:The ill odor and stimulation of garlic oil can be removed to facilitate the taking of the oil. It has extremely high clinical utility because of its activity to suppress the coagulation of plateles and its extremely low toxicity.
Although Schwann cells have been found to play a key role in inflammation and repair following nerve injury, the exact pathway is still unknown. To explore the mechanism by which Schwann cells exert their effects in the neuron microenvironment, we investigated two main inflammatory pathways: the NF-κB and cAMP pathways, and their downstream signaling molecules. In this study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial endotoxin, was used to activate the NF-κB pathway, and forskolin, a plant extract, was used to activate the cAMP pathway. The rat RT4-D6P2T Schwann cell line was treated with 0.1, 1, or 10 μg/mL of LPS, with or without 2 μM of forskolin, for 1, 3, 12, and 24 hours to determine the effects of elevated cAMP levels on LPS-treated cell viability. To investigate the effects of elevated cAMP levels on the expression of downstream signaling effector proteins, specifically NF-κB, TNF-α, AKAP95, and cyclin D3, as well as TNF-α secretion, RT4-D6P2T cells were incubated in the various treatment combinations for a 3-hour time period. Overall, results from the CellTiter-Glo viability assay revealed that forskolin increased viability in cells treated with smaller doses of LPS for 1 and 24 hours. For all time points, 10 μg/mL of LPS noticeably reduced viability regardless of forskolin treatment. Results from the Western blot analysis revealed that, at 10 μg/mL of LPS, forskolin upregulated the expression of TNF-α despite a downregulation of NF-κB, which was also accompanied by a decrease in TNF-α secretion. These results provide evidence that cAMP might regulate TNF-α expression through alternate pathways. Furthermore, although cAMP activation altered AKAP95 and cyclin D3 expression at different doses of LPS, there does not appear to be an association between the expression of AKAP95 or cyclin D3 and the expression of TNF-α. Exploring the possible interactions between cAMP, NF-κB, and other key inflammatory signaling pathways might reveal a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of nerve injury and inflammation.
INTRODUCTION: Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are potentially obesogenic for children. We undertook a systematic review to synthesize this literature and explore sources of heterogeneity in previously published epidemiological studies.
METHODS: Studies that collected individual-level PFAS and anthropometric data from children up to 12 years of age were identified by searching six databases. We excluded studies that only evaluated obesity measures at the time of birth. A full-text review and quality assessment of the studies was performed using the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) criteria. Forest plots were created to summarize measures of association and assess heterogeneity across studies by chemical type and exposure timing. Funnel plots were used to assess small-study effects.
RESULTS: We identified 24 studies, of which 19 used a cohort design. There were 13 studies included in the meta-analysis examining various chemicals and outcomes. Overall prenatal exposures to four different types of PFAS were not statistically associated with changes in body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference. In contrast, for three chemicals, postnatal exposures were inversely related to changes in BMI (i.e., per log10 increase in PFOS: BMI z-score of -0.16 (95% CI: -0.22, -0.10)). There was no substantial heterogeneity in the reported measures of association within prenatal and postnatal subgroups. We observed modest small-study effects, but correction for these effects using the Trim and Fill method did not change our summary estimate(s).
CONCLUSION: Our review found no evidence of a positive association between prenatal PFAS exposure and pediatric obesity, whereas an inverse association was found for postnatal exposure. These findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the small number of studies. Future research that can inform on the effects of exposure mixtures, the timing of the exposure, outcome measures, and the shape of the exposure-response curve is needed.
TQB2450 injection, 21 days as a treatment cycle. AL2846 capsule, 21 days as a treatment cycle.
BACKGROUND: In women of childbearing age, a low dietary supply of iron, calcium, and magnesium is often observed. Minerals deficiency in pregnant women is often associated with abnormal body weight and may impact fetal development disorders. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and the dietary intake of iron, calcium and magnesium and their concentrations in serum and hair in pregnant women.
METHOD: The study involved 97 Caucasian/white low-risk pregnant women at 12 weeks of gestation. The analysis of minerals in serum and hair samples was performed using atomic absorption spectrometry. Pre-pregnancy BMI was calculated based on self-reported weight. The study used a validated questionnaire and a 24-h recall nutrition interview, which were analyzed using Aliant software.
RESULTS: It was found that overweight and obese women exhibited higher magnesium concentration in serum, while iron content in serum and hair was markedly lower compared to women with normal body weight. The average total supply of iron was below the recommendation in pregnant women. Moreover, an inverse significant relationship was observed between BMI and iron concentration in hair and serum in the whole population.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, being overweight or obese before pregnancy is associated with low dietary iron intake and low iron concentration in serum and hair during the first trimester of pregnancy in women.
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a major disease that has endangered human health. Our previous study demonstrated that Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum YS108R, a ropy exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing bacterium, could alleviate UC in mice, but it is unclear whether EPS is the key substance responsible for its action. In this study, we proposed to investigate the remitting effect of EPS from B. longum subsp. longum YS108R on UC in a DSS-induced UC mouse model. Water extraction and alcohol precipitation were applied to extract EPS from the supernatant of B. longum subsp. longum YS108R culture. Then the animal trial was performed, and the results indicated that YS108R EPS ameliorated colonic pathological damage and the intestinal barrier. YS108R EPS suppressed inflammation via NF-κB signaling pathway inhibition and attenuated oxidative stress via the Nrf2 signaling pathway activation. Remarkably, YS108R EPS regulated gut microbiota, as evidenced by an increase in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria and a decline in Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in an increase of propionate and butyrate and a reduction of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Collectively, YS108R EPS manipulated the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites, which further improved the intestinal barrier and inhibited inflammation and oxidative stress, thereby alleviating UC.
The invention relates to biotechnology, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and veterinary medicine and can be used for the manufacture of therapeutic products, prophylactic products, cosmetic and hygiene products, such as sprays for air treatment, as well as gels, balms, lotions and liquids impregnated with antibacterial agents and immunoenhancing wipes, without side effects. The technical problem solved by the proposed solution is to increase the aggregation stability and improve the organoleptic properties of essential oil and plant extract compositions during dilution, storage, pressurization, freezing, while maintaining biological activity. The alcohol-based base composition for preparing a bioactive agent for treating the human environment comprises a combination of essential oils and plant extracts in a total amount of up to 48%. Enriched in terpenoids, flavonoids, carotenoids and anthocyanins labiatae and asteraceae are used as sources of essential oils and plant extracts. The base-formulated composition of the present invention is used to obtain a medicament which is used to treat the air of an indoor space by an aerosol generator. The finished products retain their biological activity during storage and use.
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are first-line drugs for the treatment of persistent asthma. The effectiveness of existing ICS is excellent; however, a number of questions remain regarding its possible adverse effects, despite the fact that the use of the inhalation route has allowed the minimization of the systemic exposure to these drugs. Methylxanthines are widely used in the treatment of asthma. It is one of the few medications for asthma that can be administered orally. They are useful especially in patients who cannot adapt to inhaled medications. Methylxanthines are unique in exhibiting dual-function properties by inducing bronchodilation and having anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Theophylline is the oldest methylxanthine and non-specifically inhibits phosphodiesterase, it is a little used drug because it has many adverse effects with lower therapeutic index. Doxophylline is a drug of the family of methylxanthines, with a similar efficacy compared to theophylline when applied in the treatment of various respiratory diseases, but with better tolerability profile. Doxophylline has been shown to be a bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory drug with a wider therapeutic window than other methylxanthines. Clinical studies have reported that doxophylline is more effective in improving lung function tests in adults and children, as well as in decreasing clinical symptoms, reducing the incidence of adverse effects and the need of emergency bronchodilators, with a better profile in terms of safety and it has been demonstrated that doxophylline potentially reduces the need for corticosteroids.