anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), especially nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), has emerged as a prevalent cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, posing severe public health challenges worldwide. The incidence of NASH is highly correlated with an increased prevalence of obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and other metabolic diseases. Currently, no approved drugs specifically targeted for the therapies of NASH partially due to the unclear pathophysiological mechanisms. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) is a membrane estrogen receptor involved in the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. However, the function of GPER1 in NAFLD/NASH progression remains unknown. Here, we show that GPER1 exerts a beneficial role in insulin resistance, hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, or inflammation in vivo and in vitro. In particular, we observed that the lipid accumulation, inflammatory response, fibrosis, or insulin resistance in mouse NAFLD/NASH models were exacerbated by hepatocyte-specific GPER1 knockout but obviously mitigated by hepatic GPER1 activation in female and male mice. Mechanistically, hepatic GPER1 activates AMP-activated protein kinase signaling by inducing cyclic AMP release, thereby exerting its protective effect. These data suggest that GPER1 may be a promising therapeutic target for NASH.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a collection of metabolic disorder that is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Recent studies have demonstrated the crucial involvement of oxidative stress (OS) and inflammatory reactions in the development of DM. Curcumin (CUR), a natural compound derived from turmeric, exerts beneficial effects on diabetes mellitus through its interaction with the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Research indicates that CUR targets inflammatory mediators in diabetes, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), by modulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. By reducing the expression of these inflammatory factors, CUR demonstrates protective effects in DM by improving pancreatic β-cells function, normalizing inflammatory cytokines, reducing OS and enhancing insulin sensitivity. The findings reveal that CUR administration effectively lowered blood glucose elevation, reinstated diminished serum insulin levels, and enhanced body weight in Streptozotocin -induced diabetic rats. CUR exerts its beneficial effects in management of diabetic complications through regulation of signaling pathways, such as calcium-calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), NF-κB, and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFB1). Moreover, CUR reversed the heightened expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6) and chemokines like MCP-1 in diabetic specimens, vindicating its anti-inflammatory potency in counteracting hyperglycemia-induced alterations. CUR diminishes OS, avert structural kidney damage linked to diabetic nephropathy, and suppress NF-κB activity. Furthermore, CUR exhibited a protective effect against diabetic cardiomyopathy, lung injury, and diabetic gastroparesis. Conclusively, the study posits that CUR could potentially offer therapeutic benefits in relieving diabetic complications through its influence on the NF-κB pathway.
Patients receiving anti-fungals that are moderate to strong cytochrome CYP3A4/5 inhibitors (i.e. Posaconazole, voriconazole, fluconazole, or isavuconazonium (prodrug of isavuconazole).
A stimulator (NeuroConn GmbH, Illmenau, Germany) will deliver cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the unaffected motor cortex. The anode will be placed over the contralateral supraorbital region. Stimulation will be performed for 25 min, 3 times per week for 3 weeks during upper extremity treatment sessions.
Two multicenter, randomized, double-blind trials were conducted in adult subjects with plaque psoriasis.

  * In Trial One, 302 subjects were randomized to 1 of 3 treatment groups: Enstilar® Foam, betamethasone dipropionate in the same vehicle, or calcipotriene in the same vehicle.
  * In Trial Two, 426 subjects were randomized to one of two treatment groups: Enstilar Foam or the vehicle alone. Baseline disease severity was graded using a 5-point Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA). At baseline subjects scored "Mild", "Moderate", or "Severe". The majority of subjects in both trials (76% and 75%) had disease of "Moderate" severity at baseline, 14% and 15% of subjects had disease of "Mild" severity at baseline and 10% of subjects had "Severe" disease at baseline in both trials. The extent of disease involvement assessed by mean body surface area was 7.1% (range 2 to 28%) and 7.5% (range 2 to 30%). In both trials, subjects were treated once daily for up to 4 weeks.



Efficacy was assessed with treatment success defined as the proportion of subjects at Week 4 who were "Clear" or "Almost Clear" according to the IGA. Subjects with "Mild" disease at baseline were required to be "Clear" to be considered a treatment success. Table 1 presents the efficacy results for these trials.

Long-term Use

A randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled trial (NCT02899962) evaluated the long-term use of Enstilar Foam in subjects who achieved treatment success (defined as IGA score of "Clear" or "Almost Clear" with at least a 2 grade improvement from baseline) after an initial 4-week treatment with once daily Enstilar Foam. These subjects (N=521) were randomized to receive Enstilar Foam or vehicle foam twice weekly on 2 non-consecutive days for up to 52 additional weeks. Subjects experiencing loss of response (defined as an IGA score of at least "Mild") were treated once daily with Enstilar® Foam for 4 weeks, and those who regained an IGA score of "Clear" or "Almost Clear" after 4 weeks then continued randomized treatment. Disease severity was graded using a 5-point IGA. The majority of subjects in this trial (82%) had disease of "Moderate" severity at baseline, 11% of subjects had disease of "Mild" severity at baseline, and 7% of subjects had "Severe" disease at baseline. The extent of disease involvement assessed by mean body surface area was 8.3% (range 1 to 38%) at baseline.

The median time to loss of response was 56 days for subjects treated with Enstilar Foam twice weekly compared to 30 days for subjects treated with vehicle foam twice weekly. Over the 52-week assessment period, subjects in the Enstilar Foam twice weekly group experienced loss of response a median of 2.0 times compared to 3.0 times for subjects in the vehicle foam twice weekly group. Figure 1 presents the percentage of subjects maintaining an IGA score of "Clear" or "Almost Clear" through Week 52 after randomization.

Figure 1: Percentage of Subjects Maintaining an IGA Score of "Clear" or "Almost Clear" Through Week 52 After Randomization
Breast massage will be initiated in the first 2 hours after delivery and it will be practised every 6 hours until being discharged. After the researcher washes her hands, the participant's outfits are removed and she is situated in a sitting position, the massage will be practised on both breasts for 10 minutes by the researcher herself. After the mother's breast will be milked by hand every 3 hours and the milk obtained from the breast will be measured in the breast milk storage bag and delivered to the baby nurses.
Overdoses of up to 30 grams or more of bupropion have been reported. Seizure was reported in approximately one-third of all cases. Other serious reactions reported with overdoses of bupropion alone included hallucinations, loss of consciousness, mental status changes, sinus tachycardia, ECG changes such as conduction disturbances (including QRS prolongation) or arrhythmias, clonus, myoclonus, and hyperreflexia. Fever, muscle rigidity, rhabdomyolysis, hypotension, stupor, coma, and respiratory failure have been reported mainly when bupropion was part of multiple drug overdoses.   
Although most patients recovered without sequelae, deaths associated with overdoses of bupropion alone have been reported in patients ingesting large doses of the drug. Multiple uncontrolled seizures, bradycardia, cardiac failure, and cardiac arrest prior to death were reported in these patients.
In a clinical study involving 115 hypertensive pediatric patients 6 to 16 years of age, patients who weighed < 50 kg received either 0.625, 2.5, or 20 mg of lisinopril daily and patients who weighed ≥ 50 kg received either 1.25, 5, or 40 mg of lisinopril daily. At the end of 2 weeks, lisinopril administered once daily lowered trough blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner with consistent antihypertensive efficacy demonstrated at doses > 1.25 mg (0.02 mg/kg). This effect was confirmed in a withdrawal phase, where the diastolic pressure rose by about 9 mmHg more in patients randomized to placebo than it did in patients who were randomized to remain on the middle and high doses of lisinopril. The dose-dependent antihypertensive effect of lisinopril was consistent across several demographic subgroups: age, Tanner stage, gender, and race. In this study, lisinopril was generally well tolerated.

In the above pediatric studies, lisinopril was given either as tablets or in a suspension for those children and infants who were unable to swallow tablets or who required a lower dose than is available in tablet form (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, Preparation of Suspension (for 200 mL of a 1 mg/mL suspension)).
Long COVID-19, also known as post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, is a condition where individuals who have recovered from the acute phase of COVID-19 continue to experience a range of symptoms for weeks or even months afterward. While it was initially thought to primarily affect the respiratory system, it has become clear that Long COVID-19 can involve various organs and systems, including the endocrine system, which includes the pituitary gland. In the context of Long COVID-19, there is a growing understanding of the potential implications for the pituitary gland. The virus can directly affect the pituitary gland, leading to abnormalities in hormone production and regulation. This can result in symptoms such as fatigue, changes in appetite, and mood disturbances. Long COVID-19, the persistent and often debilitating condition following acute COVID-19 infection, may be explained by deficiencies in ACTH and Growth hormone production from the pituitary gland. Corticotropin insufficiency can result in the dysregulation of the body's stress response and can lead to prolonged feelings of stress, fatigue, and mood disturbances in Long COVID-19 patients. Simultaneously, somatotropin insufficiency can affect growth, muscle function, and energy metabolism, potentially causing symptoms such as muscle weakness, exercise intolerance, and changes in body composition. Recently, some authors have suggested the involvement of the pituitary gland in Post COVID-19 Syndrome. The exact mechanisms of viral action on infected cells remain under discussion, but inflammatory and autoimmune mechanisms are primarily implicated. The aim of our study will be to review the main pituitary complications following COVID-19 infection. Moreover, we will explain the possible involvement of the pituitary gland in the persistence of Post COVID-19 Syndrome.
The invention discloses a sustained release preparation adjuvant that is novel, wide in source, good in biocompatibility, safe and nontoxic. The adjuvant is prepared by subjecting a whey protein isolate, a whey protein concentrate or a mixture containing one or more proteins to succinylation or acetylation modification. A sustained release preparation can be prepared through mixing the adjuvant with a medicine, tabletting, and the like. Different anhydrides are adopted to acylate samples. The adjuvant can be prepared through common drying techniques such as freeze-drying, spray-drying and forced air drying. The adjuvant can form a gelatinous barrier layer at the outside of the medicine after the adjuvant enters the human body environment, and therefore the medicine is controlled to release in a sustained manner in the gastrointestinal tract of a human body. The adjuvant is widely used for preparation and development of medicine sustained release preparations with a short biological half-life and the like.
Deferred cord clamping. Investigator/Research personnel holds the baby as low as possible below the level of the introitus or placenta for 60 seconds and not to exceed 80 seconds, then clamps the cord about 6 cm from the umbilicus.
Early pathological upregulation of adenosine A2A receptors (A2ARs), one of the caffeine targets, by neurons is thought to be involved in the development of synaptic and memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD) but mechanisms remain ill-defined. To tackle this question, we promoted a neuronal upregulation of A2AR in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice developing AD-like amyloidogenesis. Our findings revealed that the early upregulation of A2AR in the presence of an ongoing amyloid pathology exacerbates memory impairments of APP/PS1 mice. These behavioural changes were not linked to major change in the development of amyloid pathology but rather associated with increased phosphorylated tau at neuritic plaques. Moreover, proteomic and transcriptomic analyses coupled with quantitative immunofluorescence studies indicated that neuronal upregulation of the receptor promoted both neuronal and non-neuronal autonomous alterations, i.e. enhanced neuroinflammatory response but also loss of excitatory synapses and impaired neuronal mitochondrial function, presumably accounting for the detrimental effect on memory. Overall, our results provide compelling evidence that neuronal A2AR dysfunction, as seen in the brain of patients, contributes to amyloid-related pathogenesis and underscores the potential of A2AR as a relevant therapeutic target for mitigating cognitive impairments in this neurodegenerative disorder.
The earphones were placed on individuals in the experimental group to listen to individualized music for 20 minutes. The individualized music listening were performed twice a week for four weeks, for a total of eight times.
The SAFER Trial will enroll women with unexplained failure after embryo transfer with euploid embryos. Subjects must have existing euploid embryos for transfer and test positive for SirT1 testing on endometrial biopsy. To qualify, they must be 18 to 40 years of age, have a normal uterine cavity, no serious systemic diseases (diabetes, lupus, cancer, etc) and be willing to be randomized to treatment with a SirT1 inhibitor, EX-527 or placebo. The medication will be provided and administered for 5 days prior to embryo transfer, after progesterone therapy is begun. The drug will be stopped 24 hr before embryo transfer. Standard protocols will be used including administration of progesterone, checking hCG 8 days after transfer, ultrasound monitoring of pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes recording, with Live Birth Rate (LBR) being the primary outcome of interest. We expect to enroll 30 women, with 15 subjects per arm. The goal of this study is to demonstrate efficacy for a specific inhibitor of SirT1 as a primary treatment of defects in endometrial receptivity due to endometriosis.
Group 1 will receive intrathecal morphine co-administered with the spinal anesthetic. After the completion of surgery, bilateral ultrasound guided Sham Block be done with 25 mL of saline per side.
The invention relates to a senna leaf preparation and a quality control method. The senna leaf has the pharmacological effects of lapactic, anti-bacterium, hemostasis, spasmolysis, etc. The preparation is mainly used for cleaning preparation of intestinal canal before each image detection or operation for abdomen and intestinal canal, mainly treats constipation, particularly the constipation of the old people and the intractable constipation, and has promotion founction for intestinal function recovery after the abdomen operation. In the past, the senna leaf is drunk by a method of making in boiling water, the dissolvable amount of the active component sennoside of the senna leaf is unstable, and the useful effect is affected greatly. The aim of the invention is to prepare the active component preparation of the senna leaf with stable content, the used dosage is accurate, and the effect is stable. Meanwhile, the invention provides a lamella identifying and content measuring method.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In early Alzheimer disease (AD), β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition is associated with volume loss in the basal forebrain (BF) and cognitive decline. However, the extent to which Aβ-related BF atrophy manifests as cognitive decline is not understood. This study sought to characterize the relationship between BF atrophy and the decline in memory and attention in patients with early AD.
METHODS: Participants from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study who completed Aβ-PET imaging and repeated MRI and cognitive assessments were included. At baseline, participants were classified based on their clinical dementia stage and Aβ status, yielding groups that were cognitively unimpaired (CU) Aβ-, CU Aβ+, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) Aβ+. Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess changes in volumetric measures of BF subregions and the hippocampus and changes in AIBL memory and attention composite scores for each group compared with CU Aβ- participants. Associations between Aβ burden, brain atrophy, and cognitive decline were evaluated and explored further using mediation analyses.
RESULTS: The cohort included 476 participants (72.6 ± 5.9 years, 55.0% female) with longitudinal data from a median follow-up period of 6.1 years. Compared with the CU Aβ- group (n = 308), both CU Aβ+ (n = 107) and MCI Aβ+ (n = 61) adults showed faster decline in BF and hippocampal volumes and in memory and attention (Cohen d = 0.73-1.74). Rates of atrophy in BF subregions and the hippocampus correlated with cognitive decline, and each individually mediated the impact of Aβ burden on memory and attention decline. When all mediators were considered simultaneously, hippocampal atrophy primarily influenced the effect of Aβ burden on memory decline (β [SE] = -0.139 [0.032], proportion mediated [PM] = 28.0%) while the atrophy of the posterior nucleus basalis of Meynert in the BF (β [SE] = -0.068 [0.029], PM = 13.1%) and hippocampus (β [SE] = -0.121 [0.033], PM = 23.4%) distinctively influenced Aβ-related attention decline.
DISCUSSION: These findings highlight the significant role of BF atrophy in the complex pathway linking Aβ to cognitive impairment in early stages of AD. Volumetric assessment of BF subregions could be essential in elucidating the relationships between the brain structure and behavior in AD.
The study consists of two visits, baseline and 12-week follow-up, with at least one follow-up phone call on a weekly basis. Visit one is expected to last for 30 minutes and visit 2 for 60 minutes, whereas each phone call should take no more than 15 minutes. Twice during the study period, the investigators will draw serum and plasma samples for future translational research. Daily, the physical trainer will review collected data on EL-FIT research database and Fitabase. Each participant will have an exit interview by the end of week 12 with the trainer and a member of the research team to talk about their impressions of using EL-FIT and Fitbit, through a structured questionnaire assessing about how user friendly it was to use the EL-FIT app. Finally, trainers will be asked to compare the type of prescription that they provided to patients as part of the standard of care (based on liver frailty index or 6-minute walk test), to compare it with the allocation provided by EL-FIT stratification algorithm.

To learn about how to improve EL-FIT the investigators will ask patients and their caregivers open-ended questions as part of their exit interview. This will allow us to identify barriers precluding them from keeping up with physical trainer recommendations, and what would they like to include to enhance motivation as part of a physical activity program. A member of the research team will act as a facilitator during this session.
This relates to methods for measuring irregularities in a signal and corresponding devices. The devices can include a PPG sensor unit configured to detect multiple occurrences of a given event in the measured signal(s) over a sampling interval. In some instances, the device can register the occurrences of the events. In some examples, the device can include one or more motion sensors configured to detect whether the device is in a low-motion state. The device may delay initiating measurements when the device is not in a low-motion state to enhance measurement accuracy. Examples of the disclosure further include resetting the sample procedure based on one or more factors such as the number of non-qualifying measurements. In some examples, the device can be configured to perform both primary and secondary measurements, where the primary measurements can include readings using a set of operating conditions different from the secondary measurements.
Hydrocodone is a semisynthetic narcotic antitussive and analgesic with multiple actions qualitatively similar to those of codeine. The precise mechanism of action of hydrocodone and other opiates is not known; however, hydrocodone is believed to act directly on the cough center. In excessive doses, hydrocodone, like other opium derivatives, will depress respiration. The effects of hydrocodone in therapeutic doses on the cardiovascular system are insignificant. Hydrocodone can produce miosis, euphoria, physical and physiological dependence.

Following a 10 mg oral dose of hydrocodone administered to five adult male subjects, the mean peak concentration was 23.6 ± 5.2 ng/mL. Maximum serum levels were achieved at 1.3 ± 0.3 hours and the half-life was determined to be 3.8 ± 0.3 hours. Hydrocodone exhibits a complex pattern of metabolism including O-demethylation, N-demethylation and 6-keto reduction to the corresponding 6-α-and 6-β-hydroxymetabolites.
derivs. of formula (I) are new: (R1 is lower mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl: R2 is H, lower alkyl or R1; each R3 is independently H or lower alkyl; X is an alkylene gp. interrupted by one or more sulphur or selenium atoms and opt. interrupted by O, di(lower alkyl)silyl or tetra(lower alkyl)disiloxane).. Cpds. (I) are X-ray contrast agents which can be used as aq. solns. for direct or indirect lymphography. They have good stability, are free of embolic side-effects, and have excretion times of less than 24 hr.
The present application describes a ceddna vector with a linear continuous structure for delivery and expression of transgenes. The ceDNA vector comprises an expression cassette flanked by two ITR sequences, wherein the expression cassette encodes a transgene encoding a PAH protein. Some ceddna vectors further comprise cis-regulatory elements, including regulatory switches. Further provided herein are methods and cell lines for reliable in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo gene expression of PAH proteins using the ceDNA vectors. Provided herein are methods and compositions comprising a ceddna vector useful for expressing PAH proteins in a cell, tissue or subject, and methods of treating diseases with said ceddna vector expressing PAH proteins. Such PAH proteins may be expressed for the treatment of diseases such as Phenylketonuria (PKU).