anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
AIMS: Lisinopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, is a frequently prescribed antihypertensive drug in the paediatric population, while being used off-label under the age of 6 years in the USA and for all paediatric patients globally. The SAFEPEDRUG project (IWT-130033) investigated lisinopril pharmacokinetics in hypertensive paediatric patients corresponding with the day-to-day clinical population.
METHODS: The dose-escalation pilot study included 13 children with primary and secondary hypertension who received oral lisinopril once daily in the morning; doses ranged from 0.05 to 0.2 mg kg-1 . Patients were aged between 1.9 and 17.9 years (median 13.5 years) and weight ranged between 9.62 and 97.2 kg (median 53.2 kg). All data were analysed using Monolix version 2020R1 (Lixoft, France) and R version 3.6.2.
RESULTS: A 1-compartment model with first-order absorption and first-order elimination optimally describes the data. Parameter estimates of absorption rate constant (0.075 h-1 [0.062, 0.088], typical value [95% confidence interval]), volume of distribution (31.38 L 70 kg-1 [10.5, 52.3]) and elimination clearance (24.2 L h-1 70 kg-1 [19.5, 28.9]) show good predictive ability. Significant covariate effects include total body weight on elimination clearance, and distribution volume and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on elimination clearance. The effects of eGFR on the elimination clearance are optimally described by a linear effect centred around 105 mL min-1  1.73 m-2 . The effects of body weight were implemented using fixed allometric exponents centred around an adult weight of 70 kg.
CONCLUSION: Lisinopril dose and regimen adjustments for paediatric patients should include eGFR on top of weight adjustments. An expanded model characterizing the pharmacodynamic effect is required to identify the optimal dose and dosing regimen.
In Stage I, participants receive 4-week bilateral theta burst stimulation. Bilateral TBS consists of 20 sessions that are conducted daily from Monday to Friday over a period of 4 weeks. The target regions are the right and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). On the left hemisphere, intermittent TBS (iTBS) is applied, which has a stimulating effect on the target region similar to 10 Hz rTMS. On the right dlPFC, continuous TBS (cTBS) is applied, which has an inhibitory effect similar to 1 Hz rTMS.
Compositions containing polymeric micro- and nanoparticles with non-spherical shapes and methods for making and using such particles are described herein. The particles have a size range from an average diameter of about Compositions containing polymeric micro- and nanoparticles with non-spherical shapes and methods for making and using such particles are described herein. The particles have one or more dimensions ranging from about 5 nm to about 100 μm, preferably about 100 nm to 10 μm. The particles can have any of a wide variety of non-spherical shapes. The particles are generally formed by manipulation of spherical particles embedded in a polymeric film. A wide variety of resulting shapes can be made. The resulting shape is a function of whether the films are manipulated in a first and/or second dimension, and the processes used to liquefy the microparticles. Variations of the method of manufacture may be used to generate particles having the desired shapes in large, reproducible quantities. The resulting non-spherical shaped particles can be used to alter uptake by phagocytic cells and thereby clearance by the reticuloendothelial system.
Risk Summary

Based on its mechanism of action and findings from animal studies, Romidepsin Injection can cause embryo-fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.1)]. There are no available data on romidepsin use in pregnant women to inform a drug associated risk of major birth defects and miscarriage. In an animal reproductive study, romidepsin was embryocidal and caused adverse developmental outcomes including embryo-fetal toxicity and malformations at exposures below those in patients at the recommended dose (see Data). Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus and to avoid becoming pregnant while receiving romidepsin and for at least 1 month after the last dose.

The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.

Data

Animal Data

Romidepsin was administered intravenously to pregnant rats during the period of organogenesis at doses of 0.1, 0.2, or 0.5 mg/kg/day. Substantial resorption or postimplantation loss was observed at the high dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day, a maternally toxic dose. Adverse embryo-fetal effects were noted at romidepsin doses of ≥0.1 mg/kg/day, with systemic exposures (AUC) ≥0.2% of the human exposure at the recommended dose of 14 mg/m2/week. Drug-related fetal effects consisted of reduced fetal body weights, folded retina, rotated limbs, and incomplete sternal ossification.
Virtual environment with fast moving objects these are graded in intensity from 1-7. Participants complete head and eye exercises within the environment using focus points such as benches and lanterns for a six week treatment program.
Patients receive molibresib besylate PO QD on days 1-14 (may switch to days 1-21 after completion of etoposide and cisplatin cycles). Patients also receive etoposide phosphate IV over 60 minutes on days 1-3 and cisplatin IV over 60 minutes on day 1 of cycles 1-4. Treatments repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of cycle 4, patients may receive etoposide phosphate and cisplatin for up to 8 cycles total in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity at the investigator's discretion.
The trial was divided into four cycles, between of each cycle with a 14-day wash-out period.In the first cycle，subjects in experimental group took the test preparation Perindopril tert-butylamine after meal, and subjects in control group took the reference preparation ACERTIL® after meal; In the second cycle subjects in experimental group took the reference preparation ACERTIL® after meal , the trial preparation perindopril tert-butylamine was taken orally after meals for the subjects in control group ; the order of taking the medicines for the subjects in the third cycle was the same as that in the first cycle, and the taking order of the subjects in the fourth cycle was the same as that in the second cycle. A single oral administration was used for the four cycles, and the dose was 4 mg.
Prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms of people with dementia in long-term care units: A secondary analysis Abstract: Background: In a progress of dementia, most people develop neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, there is little knowledge about the prevalence of these symptoms and their specific characteristics in long-term care. Aims: A differentiated investigation of the prevalence and characteristics of neuropsychiatric symptoms in people with dementia in a long-term care setting. Methods: The prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms of people with dementia in a long-term care setting was examined using a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from the research projects LebenQD I and II and FallDem. The data were collected using the neuropsychiatric inventory - nursing home version. The analysis included data from 699 people with dementia from a total of 21 long-term care facilities in North Rhine-Westphalia. Results: The symptoms agitation/aggression (36%), depression/dysphoria (33%), apathy/indifference (33%), irritability/lability (30%) and aberrant motor behaviour show the highest prevalence. The symptoms hallucinations (9%) and euphoria/elation (6%) have the lowest prevalence. Conclusions: The high prevalence of specific neuropsychiatric symptoms and their characteristics in people with dementia illustrates the need for care-related or psychosocial interventions to counteract the reasons for the occurrence of the symptoms.
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease that causes liver inflammation and necrosis, ultimately leading to cirrhosis and liver failure. Although relatively rare, the prevalence of AIH in China has been increasing in recent years, highlighting its significance as a public health issue. However, due to the wide variability in the clinical presentation and outcomes of AIH, diagnosing and managing the disease can be challenging. Moreover, our understanding of the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of AIH in China is still limited.

To address this gap in knowledge, the investigators are conducting the Chinese AIH Cohort study, which collects data from approximately 20 sites across China on treatment progress and success in clinical routine. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety/tolerability of different AIH treatment options, including standard therapy, and second and third-line treatment options. The investigators also record the long-term prognosis of patients with AIH, tracking whether they achieve remission, require liver transplantation, or experience mortality. Risk factors associated with long-term prognosis and survival will be analyzed to provide insights that can improve the diagnosis, treatment, and management of AIH in this population.
Fibrosis refers to the progressive tissue lesion process characterized by excessive secretion and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Abnormal fibrous tissue deposition distorts tissue architecture and leads to the progressive loss of organ function. Notably, fibrosis is one of the primary pathological appearances of many end stage illnesses, and is considered as a lethal threat to human health, especially in the elderly with ageing-related diseases. CX3C ligand 1 (CX3CL1) is the only member of chemokine CX3C and binds specifically to CX3C receptor 1 (CX3CR1). Different from other chemokines, CX3CL1 possesses both chemotactic and adhesive activity. CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis involves in various physiological and pathological processes, and exerts a critical role in cells from the immune system, vascular system, and nervous system etc. Notably, increasing evidence has demonstrated that CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling pathway is closely related to the pathological process of fibrosis in multiple tissue and organs. We reviewed the crucial role of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in fibrosis and ageing and systematically summarized the underlying mechanism, which offers prospective strategies of targeting CX3C for the therapy of fibrosis and ageing-related diseases.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of medical play to improve the behaviors and cooperation of patients during routine dental exam visits at Children's Hospital Colorado Dental Center through a prospective, randomized controlled trial. The specific aims of this study are to: (1) evaluate differences in behaviors and cooperation levels of subjects utilizing medical play during routine dental exam visits in comparison to those undergoing a routine dental exam visit without use of medical play; (2) evaluate whether subjects who have a dental exam visit, with or without use of medical play, show improved behaviors and improved completion of components of the dental exam compared to their previous routine dental visit; (3) evaluate provider perceptions of the behavior and cooperation of children using medical play during dental exam visits compared to dental exam visits without medical play; (4) evaluate caregiver perceptions of the behavior and cooperation of children using medical play during dental exam visits compared to dental exam visits without medical play; and (5) evaluate patient perceptions of the dental exam visit when medical play is used in comparison to dental exam visits without medical play. To investigate these specific aims, this study will involve recruiting up to 100 neurotypical patients, ages 5-10 years old, who will be seen for their dental exam visits who were previously identified by providers using the Frankl Behavior Rating Scale as Frankl 1 and Frankl 2. Subjects meeting including criteria were screened and offered participating in the study using a telephonic script. Patients agreeing for participation were screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria when they report for routine dental exam and cleaning using pre-screening consent script. Study information, patient rights including voluntary participation and withdrawal of consent without consequences will be provided and informed consent or assent will be collected. The recruited subjects will be randomly divided into two groups so that one group of participants will engage in medical play before the dental exam visit and the other group will be engaged to routine play (coloring exercise) before their dental exam visit. The provider will be blinded to whether the intervention (medical or routine play) before the dental exam visit. The caregivers will complete Dental Behavior Assessment survey before while post-visit survey after the visit to help assess their perceptions of their child's behaviors before and after the visit, respectively. The subjects will also rate their perceived well-being before and after the dental visit using the Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale - Faces Version. The provider will record patient behavior using a Frankl behavior rating scale and levels of cooperation (which components of the dental exam were completed without coaxing beyond two minutes).
PURPOSE: To obtain the subject liquid developing no deterioration of its appearance such as precipitation, getting turbid or suspended matter formation even after preserved over a long period, by formulating a licorice extract (licorice: Glycyrrhiza glabra) with specific stabilizer(s). CONSTITUTION: This liquid is obtained by formulating (A) a licorice extract with (B) polyvinylpyrrolidone and/or (B) polyoxyethylene and/or polyoxypropylene glycol. The amounts of the ingredients A, B and C to be formulated are pref. 0.01-5wt.%, 0.02-2wt.% and 0.02-1wt.%, in terms of the amount of the stock crude drug, respectively. Specifically, this liquid is obtained by the following process: the ingredient A is dissolved in water, and the resultant solution is formulated with the ingredient(s) B and/or C followed by, according as necessary, pH adjustment. Besides, this liquid can be formulated with extract(s) of crude drug(s) such as carrot, antitussive/expectorant, vitamin(s), alcohol(s), surfactant, sweetener, etc. This liquid clan be made, normally through heat sterilization, into an orally administrable liquid for internal use.
OBJECTIVE: A previous study in 2016 found that the quality of YouTube videos on epistaxis first-aid management was highly variable. This study aimed to reassess the accuracy and patient understandability of such YouTube videos.
METHOD: YouTube was searched using the phrase 'How to stop a nosebleed'. The highest 50 ranking videos, based on relevance, were screened. Each video was assessed objectively using a standardised 'advice score', and subjectively using a video understandability and actionability checklist, the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Audiovisual Materials ('PEMAT-A/V').
RESULTS: The mean advice score was 4.1 out of 8. The mean (standard deviation) understandability and actionability scores were 76 per cent (17 per cent) and 89 per cent (18 per cent), respectively. There was a strong positive correlation between the actionability scores and the advice scores (ρ = 0.634; p < 0.001), and between the actionability scores and the understandability scores (ρ = 0.519; p = 0.002).
CONCLUSION: YouTube videos are providing increasingly relevant advice for patients seeking healthcare information. YouTube is proposed as a useful medium for teaching epistaxis management to patients and community practitioners.
Prehabilitation is an intervention that occurs between cancer diagnosis and the start of an acute treatment. It involves physical, nutritional, and psychological assessments to establish a baseline functional level and provide targeted interventions to improve a person's health and prevent future impairments. Prehabilitation has been applied to surgical oncology and has shown positive results at improving functional capacity, reducing hospital stay, decreasing complications, and enhancing health-related quality of life. The importance of collaboration between various healthcare professionals and the implementation of multimodal interventions, including exercise training, nutrition optimization, and emotional support is discussed in this manuscript. The need for screening and assessment of conditions such as sarcopenia, frailty, or low functional status in order to identify patients who would benefit the most from prehabilitation is vital and should be a part of all prehabilitation programs. Exercise and nutrition play complementary roles in prehabilitation, enhancing anabolism and performance. However, in the presence of malnutrition and sarcopenia, exercise-related energy expenditure without sufficient protein intake can lead to muscle wasting and further deterioration of functional capacity, thus special emphasis on nutrition and protein intake should be made in these cases. Finally, the challenges and the need for a paradigm shift in perioperative care are discussed to effectively implement personalized prehabilitation programs.
BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis of thyroid cancer is hampered by the inability of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) to accurately classify ∼30% of cases while preoperative cancer staging detects lymph nodal involvement in only half of cases. Liquid biopsy may present an accurate, non-invasive alternative for preoperative thyroid nodule assessment. Thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) mRNA, a surrogate marker for circulating cancer cells (CTC), may be an option for early detection of malignancy from peripheral blood, but requires methodological improvements. We aimed to investigate if TSHR mRNA can be detected in low sample volumes by employing an ultrasensitive method - droplet digital PCR (ddPCR).
METHODS: Less than 5 mL of blood was collected from 47 patients with thyroid nodules (25 benign and 22 malignant). RNA was isolated from the fraction of mononuclear cells where CTCs segregate. Samples were analysed for the presence of TSHR mRNA by ddPCR.
RESULTS: Thyrotropin receptor mRNA was detectable in 4 mL sample volumes, with the test having good specificity (80%) but modest diagnostic accuracy (68.1%). Combining TSHR mRNA with ultrasound features and FNAB diagnosis, the test reaches high rule-out performances (sensitivity = 90% and NPV = 88.2%). Strikingly, TSHR mRNA correctly classified all samples with thyroid capsule invasion, lymph node metastasis and extrathyroidal extension. If aggressiveness is defined using these parameters, TSHR mRNA test reaches 100% sensitivity and 100% NPV for detecting high-risk cases.
CONCLUSIONS: Employing ddPCR for TSHR mRNA improves its measurement by enabling detection in sample volumes common for laboratory testing. The test displays high prognostic performance, showing potential in preoperative risk assessment.
Right bundle branch block is an exceedingly frequent complication in heart surgery, and especially in patients who have undergone surgical closure of a ventricular septal defect which is the most common congenital heart disease. How this bundle branch block effects the right ventricle of the heart on a long-term basis for this group of patients, is still unknown.

As a part of a PhD-study we therefore will try to illustrate this by echocardiography, MRI, exercise testing and other investigations 15 to 20 years after the surgical procedure. The study population thus consists of three different groups: 1. Patients whom undergone surgical closure of ventricular septal defect without postoperative right bundle branch block, 2. VSD-operated patients with right bundle branch block and 3. Healthy controls with no significant medical issues matched on age and sex. By carrying out the tests mentioned the right ventricles systolic function, diastolic function, the patients maximal exercise capacity and a lot of other parameters will be evaluated in the three groups of patients and compared amongst each other. The perspective therefore is the ability to point out a specific group of patients with an inferior outcome and with a possible need for further intervention. An additional perspective is to increase the awareness of protecting the bundle branch during the operation.
The natural history of HIV infection in many patients has been dramatically altered through the use of highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However, this treatment paradigm of chronic chemotherapy may not be sustainable given the short and long-term toxicities of these medications. Among the more concerning are the development of atherogenic lipoprotein abnormalities and a state of relative insulin resistance. Logically, there has been concern that such metabolic disturbances may predispose towards cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although these therapies have only been in widespread use for a short period of time, a growing body of evidence from case reports and cohort studies has suggested that HIV-infected patients on HAART may experience premature coronary artery disease. The explanation of this phenomenon is most likely multifactorial. In terms of pathophysiology, the relative contributions of HIV viral replication, host immune response, and the use of antiretroviral agents remains unknown. HIV-1 could possibly have a direct effect on the endothelium as has been suggested for other infectious agents such as chlamydia, herpes simplex, and cytomegalovirus. One could postulate that the virus might have some capacity to effect the production of nitric oxide (NO), as a pathogenic mechanism. It is unknown whether the medications have direct toxicities or whether the common underlying mechanism is drug-induced abnormalities in lipid and/or glucose metabolism. Furthermore, intervention with therapeutics that reverse these metabolic disturbances might ameliorate these risk factors, normalize endothelial function, and thus decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease among this patient population. Even if such patients are at no higher risk than HIV-negative patients with similar metabolic profiles, attention must be paid to modifiable risk factors as patients are living longer. This protocol aims to assess endothelial function among a group of HIV-infected patients with varying degrees of virologic control and levels of immune function on a variety of different HAART regimens. These patients will then be administered medications with known effects on lipid and glucose metabolism to determine if they might serve a role in improving these parameters and thus endothelial function. The results of this study will hopefully yield effective strategies to maintain the efficacy of HAART therapy while minimizing or reversing toxicities. Understanding the factors important to causing endothelial dysfunction will help better characterize the relative risks/benefits of early vs. late and continuous vs. intermittent HAART therapy. Additionally, it will hopefully offer some insights as to the underlying pathophysiology of the phenomenon of premature cardiovascular disease among HIV-infected patients on HAART that could then be more thoroughly investigated in subsequent clinical trials. We may ultimately learn that either the virus or antiretroviral drugs or the consequent lipid and insulin abnormalities they induce alters NO function at the level of the endothelium.