anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare disease that affects the development of the diaphragm, leading to abnormal lung development. Unfortunately, there is no established therapy for CDH. Retinoic acid pathways are implicated in the ethology of CDH and macrophages are known to play a role in repairing organ damage.
METHODS: We have analyzed the effect of several Toll like receptor (TLR) ligands in the nitrofen-induced CDH model in pregnant rats widely used to study this disease and in the G2-GATA4Cre;Wt1fl/fl CDH genetic mice model. Morphometric and histological studies were carried out. Immune cell infiltration was assayed by immunochemistry and immunofluorescence and retinoic pathway gene expression analyzed in vivo and in vitro in macrophages.
RESULTS: We found that administering a single dose of atypical TLR2/4 ligands (CS1 or CS2), 3 days after nitrofen, cured diaphragmatic hernia in 73% of the fetuses and repaired the lesion with complete diaphragm closure being on the other hand nontoxic for the mothers or pups. Moreover, these immunomodulators also improved pulmonary hypoplasia and alveolar maturation and vessel hypertrophy, enhancing pulmonary maturity of fetuses. We also found that CS1 treatment rescued the CDH phenotype in the G2-GATA4Cre;Wt1fl/fl CDH genetic mice model. Only 1 out of 11 mutant embryos showed CDH after CS1 administration, whereas CDH prevalence was 70% in untreated mutant embryos. Mechanistically, CS1 stimulated the infiltration of repairing M2 macrophages (CD206+ and Arg1+) into the damaged diaphragm and reduced T cell infiltration. Additionally, those TLR ligands induced retinol pathway genes, including RBP1, RALDH2, RARα, and RARβ, in the affected lungs and the diaphragm and in macrophages in vitro.
CONCLUSIONS: Our research has shown that TLR ligand immunomodulators that influence anti-inflammatory macrophage activation can be effective in treating CDH, being nontoxic for the mothers or pups suggesting that those TLR ligands are a promising solution for CDH leading to orphan drug designation for CS1. The immune system of the fetus would be responsible for repairing the damage and closure of the hernia in the diaphragm and enhanced proper lung development after CS1 treatment.
Global health concerns about micro- and nanoplastics are increasing. The newly discovered beige adipocytes play a vital role in energy homeostasis through their high thermogenic capacity upon activation. However, the effects of micro- and nanoplastics on beige adipocytes have not yet been studied. We investigated whether the effects of oral exposure to polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NPs) on systemic metabolic performance can be induced by disrupting beige adipocyte function, and the potential mechanism. In the present study, C57BL/6J male mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) with or without PS-NPs exposure for 12 weeks to investigate the differences in metabolic performance. We also isolated stromal vascular fraction from C57BL/6J male mice to differentiate and prepare primary beige adipocyte cultures. Primary beige adipocytes were treated with PS-NPs on the sixth day of differentiation. The results showed that oral intake of PS-NPs exacerbated metabolic disorders of mice under HFD, including suppressed energy expenditure, increased fat mass and liver steatosis, decreased insulin sensitivity, disrupted glucose homeostasis, and decreased cold-tolerance capability compared with the control group. Intriguingly, we observed that, after a 12-week exposure, PS-NPs accumulated in the inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT), a fat depot rich in beige adipocytes, further suppressing thermogenic gene programs, particularly the level of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), a master regulator in the browning process of beige adipocytes. These effects ultimately led to decreased energy expenditure and subsequent disorders of glucolipid metabolism. Mechanistically, we revealed that PS-NPs disrupt mitochondrial function and induce oxidative damage and inflammation in beige adipocytes to inhibit their function. These negative metabolic effects of PS-NPs were ameliorated by antioxidant supplementation. Our study is the first to demonstrate that PS-NPs exposure exacerbates metabolic disorder in HFD-fed mice by disrupting beige adipocyte function.
Single arm study with venetoclax and 6-mercaptopurine administered in two to six cycles of 28 days. Venetoclax is given at a dosage of 600mg with dose reduction in case of interaction with a moderate or strong CYP3A4 inhibitor. 6-mercaptopurine is given at a dosage of 100mg.
The invention relates to a medicine for treating stasis swelling caused by ankle sprain. The medicine is characterized by containing the following traditional Chinese medicines by weight: 20g to 100g of cape jasmine, 5g to 10g of safflower carthamus, 20g to 100g of camphora wood and 1 to 5 egg whites. A preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing the cape jasmine and putting into a bowl together with the safflower carthamus; hitting a small hole in each egg so as to enable the egg white to flow into the bowl and evenly blending for later user; boiling the camphora wood in water for later use before the camphora wood is not hot. The medicine has the functional results that the cape jasmine has the functions of stopping bleeding and eliminating swelling; the safflower carthamus has the functions of activating blood to promote menstruation; the cape jasmine and the safflower carthamus are always good medicines for treating the sprain; the egg white containing a small amount of acetic acid can be used for protecting skin from being not infected by bacteria; the camphora wood is bitter in taste and warm in nature and has the functions of expelling wind-damp, unchoking channels and collaterals and relieving pain. Compared with the traditional medicine treating the stasis swelling caused by the ankle sprain, the method provided by the invention is economical, practical and good in treatment effect. When the medicine is used for treating the stasis swelling caused by the ankle sprain, the medicine becomes effective after being taken for 2 days; the stasis swelling can be eliminated after the medicine is taken for 7 days.
The determination of an ideal dental occlusion is a vital step in planning orthognathic surgery. Conventionally, a dental occlusion is determined using model surgery based on two dimensional cephalometric planning for the movement of maxillary and mandibular segments. Later, acrylic surgical splints were fabricated in the articulator and used in operating rooms to reposition jaw bones. This conventional method is well established, widely used, and inexpensive. However, its main disadvantages are that patients experience discomfort during the impression procedure, and making dental models and performing model surgery are time consuming. In addition, there is a need for storing dental casts, and errors may occur during this procedure. Computer-aided simulation surgery and three-dimensional planning have become popular. Nadjmi et al. proposed an experimental method for virtual occlusions and demonstrated that the mean distance between their conventional and virtual manual occlusion was small. Adolphs et al. scanned a dental cast and aligned the tooth image for a virtual occlusion by using a software program and reported no difference between the virtual and traditional splint when fitted to a patient's dentition. Wu et al. proposed an experimental haptic simulation framework to determine the virtual occlusion in digital models and showed that the translation and angular deviation of virtual results were smaller compared with the benchmark. However, because the conventional dental impression and model are still required in the computer-aided system and the occlusion setup is determined by the dental model, it cannot be described as fully digital three dimensional planning.

Intraoral digital scanning is an innovative dental technology that has advanced the field of prosthodontics and orthodontics. This technique has been introduced as an alternative to the conventional method for scanning patients' dentition and has become a convenient method for digital impression and model fabrication.The scans can be imported to a software program for planning orthodontic treatment. However, the use of intraoral scanning for the digital setup of the final dental occlusion in three-dimensional orthognathic surgery planning has not yet been reported.
Appropriate management requires timely and accurate confirmation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) recurrence in patients who have had curative-intent surgical resection. We assessed the association between circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) identified using amplicon sequencing and evidence of recurrence on CT surveillance. A prospective cohort study of NSCLC patients with early-stage disease undergoing curative-intent resection was conducted. Surveillance was performed post-operatively at pre-defined intervals with both liquid biopsy and chest CT imaging. Amplicon panel next-generation sequencing was performed on DNA and RNA from tumor tissue and on plasma cell-free DNA for tumor-informed ctDNA detection. Resected tumors from 78 NSCLC patients were analyzed. Alterations were detected on the DNA assay for 65 tumors and only on the RNA assay for 4 tumors. Of the 65 patients with alterations detected on the tumor DNA assay, 29 completed post-operative liquid biopsy testing. Four of those 29 patients had evidence of recurrence on imaging, of whom two had biopsy confirmation of recurrence and detectable ctDNA at the 12-month follow-up. Molecular confirmation of NSCLC recurrence can be provided through amplicon sequencing of plasma cell-free DNA in cases with imaging evidence of recurrence. Invasive tissue diagnosis may be avoidable in patients with ctDNA confirmation of recurrence that is suspected based on imaging. Further study of ctDNA assessment technologies in the setting of suspected recurrence is necessary to inform post-operative lung cancer surveillance guidelines.
Tizanidine use has been associated with hallucinations. Formed, visual hallucinations or delusions have been reported in 5 of 170 patients (3%) in two North American controlled clinical studies. Most of the patients were aware that the events were unreal. One patient developed psychosis in association with the hallucinations. One  patient among these 5 continued to have problems for at least 2 weeks following discontinuation of tizanidine. Consider discontinuing tizanidine in patients who develop hallucinations.
Renal toxicity occurred in a 6-month oral toxicity study of lonafarnib in rats, with kidney lesions (interstitial necrosis and mineralization in the inner medulla) and correlating changes in clinical chemistry (e.g., hyperphosphatemia, hyperkalemia) and urinalysis parameters observed at systemic exposures approximately equal to the AUC in humans at the recommended dose of 150 mg/m2 twice daily. No evidence of renal toxicity was observed at systemic exposures lower than the human AUC at 150 mg/m2 twice daily [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]. 

Toxicity in the male reproductive tract occurred in a 1-year oral toxicity study in monkeys at 10 mg/kg/day or higher (AUC lower than the human AUC at the recommended dose of 150 mg/m2 twice daily). The lesions in the male reproductive tract included aspermia in the epididymis and atrophy of seminiferous tubules, seminal vesicle, and prostate gland. Testicular toxicity was also observed in rats, where severe impairment of male fertility occurred [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6), Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1)].

Ocular (retinal) toxicity occurred in a 1-year oral toxicity study in monkeys at 40 mg/kg/day (3.7 times the human AUC at the recommended dose of 150 mg/m2 twice daily). The retinal injury involved single cell necrosis of photoreceptor cells in the layer of rods and cones and the outer nuclear layer. No retinal toxicity was observed at 20 mg/kg/day (2.1 times the human AUC at 150 mg/m2 twice daily). However, in a follow-up study of lonafarnib effects on visual function in monkeys as evaluated by electroretinography, oral administration of 15 mg/kg/day for 13 weeks or 60 mg/kg/day for 6 weeks produced adverse effects on rod-dependent, low-light vision. The effects were observed at several time-points throughout the treatment period. No histological changes in the retina were observed at study termination [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)].
Neuromuscular blocking agents are used as part of most general anesthetics to help facilitate tracheal intubation and optimal surgical conditions (Barish et al). These medications cause universal paralysis of patients while unconscious. After most surgeries where extubation is planned, the standard of care is to "reverse" any residual neuromuscular blockade with either anticholinesterase treatment (specifically neostigmine) or sugammadex. Despite adequate reversal, residual neuromuscular blockade is a common problem seen in the post-anesthetic care unit (PACU). It leads to issues of airway obstruction, hypoxemia, respiratory complications including atelectasis and pneumonia and muscle weakness (Brull et al). The investigators posit that these complications are likely amplified in patients who require post-operative intensive care unit admission. In particular, the investigators hypothesize that cardiac surgery patients are at risk. Elective cardiac surgery patients are routinely admitted to the CVICU still intubated and ventilator-dependent immediately following surgery. The goal of uncomplicated cardiac surgery patients (fast track cardiac surgery patients) is to extubate them within 6 hours of ICU arrival. However, standard of care throughout the US does not include reversal of their neuromuscular blockade. By the time these patients meet extubation criteria, most providers believe that the neuromuscular blockade should have worn off and therefore do not administer reversal (Murphy et al). The investigators hypothesize that residual neuromuscular blockade delays time to extubation and increases respiratory complications in fast track cardiac surgery patients. By administering reversal of neuromuscular blockade in patients with a Train Of Four ratio of \<0.9 we anticipate that there will be an increase from 60 to 85% of patients being successfully extubated within 6 hours of arrival to the ICU and a decrease in composite respiratory complications.
The active tDCS condition will consist of 20 min of continuous stimulation. This amount of stimulation is safe for healthy young and older adults and has been shown to induce acute beneficial changes in cortical excitability and cognitive functions.
A memantine paroxetine cocrystal salt and its preparation method, pharmaceutical composition and application thereof are provided. The cocrystal salt of the invention is memantine paroxetine sulfate hydrate. Its mechanism of action is 5-HT inhibitor and NMDA receptor antagonist. It is a multi-target drug. The preliminary pharmacokinetic experiments showed that the main pharmacokinetic parameters of cocrystal salt and memantine, such as T 1/2 , T max , C max  and AUC (0-∞) , were significantly different. The results also showed that cocrystal salt could improve drug absorption, blood drug concentration, bioavailability and curative effect. This provides a material basis for reducing dosage and adverse drug reactions. In addition to that the cocrystal salt of this invention can be used as a multi-target drug, it can also combine with other drugs of different action mechanisms to form compound preparations or be used in combination, so as to obtain unexpected clinical efficacy.
The 'Enhanced' implementation strategy provided schools with the same training, access and resources as the standard SWITCH implementation along with more personalized, web-based training based on motivational interviewing (MI) techniques and feedback throughout the implementation process. The supplemental support was provided through participation in two online 'checkpoint sessions' that helped schools self-assess their use of the recommended quality elements and setting-specific best practices. The sessions used principles of motivational interviewing (MI) to promote autonomy and motivation for school change through the process. Schools were also provided with information about how to capitalize on support from local 4H program leaders in their county.
The invention discloses a medicine for treating fracture and a preparation method thereof. The medicine comprises the following raw herbal materials in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of resina draconis, 15-25 parts of Rhizoma Drynariae, 10-15 parts of Angelica sinensis, 10-20 parts of dipsacus asperoids, 10-20 parts of myrrh, 5-15 parts of polygala tenuifolia, 25-35 parts of sargentodoxa cuneata, 5-15 parts of eucommia ulmoides, 10-20 parts of the root of bidentate achyranthes, 10-15 parts of Piper wallichii (Miq. ) H. -M., 1-10 parts of panax notoginseng and 1-5 parts of frankincense. A preparation method comprises the following steps: taking the materials in parts by weight, grinding the resina draconis, the root of bidentate achyranthes, the Piper wallichii (Miq. ) H. -M. and the frankincense into powder; sieving by using a sieve with meshes of 80-120 to obtain medical powder; adding Baijiu with the alcoholic strength of 45-50 degrees in the remaining raw herbal materials under the condition that the weight of the Baijiu is 3-5 times that of the remaining raw herbal materials; and soaking for 8-10 hours to obtain medical wine. The medicine for treating fracture has the advantages that the medicine takes effect quickly, and is good in curative effect and small in side effect.
Bacillus genus, particularly Bacillus velezensis, is increasingly considered as viable alternatives to antibiotics in aquaculture due to their safety and probiotic potential. However, the specific mechanisms through which probiotic B. velezensis confers protection against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in fish remain poorly understood. This study delved into the multifaceted impacts of B. velezensis BV1704-Y on diverse facets of zebrafish health, including gut barrier function, immune response, oxidative stress, gut environment, microbiome composition, and disease resistance. Our findings demonstrate that supplementation with B. velezensis BV1704-Y significantly alleviated symptoms and reduced mortality in zebrafish infected with A. hydrophila. Furthermore, a notable reduction in the expression of pivotal immune-related genes, such as IL-1β, IL6, and TNF-α, was evident in the gut and head kidney of zebrafish upon infection. Moreover, B. velezensis BV1704-Y supplementation resulted in elevated activity levels of essential antioxidant enzymes, including SOD, CAT, and GSH, in gut tissue. Notably, B. velezensis BV1704-Y positively modulated the structure and function of the intestinal microbiome, potentially enhancing immune response and resilience in zebrafish. Specifically, supplementation with B. velezensis BV1704-Y promoted the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Cetobacterium, which showed a noteworthy negative correlation with the expression of pro-inflammatory genes and a positive correlation with gut barrier-related genes. Altogether, our study suggests that B. velezensis BV1704-Y holds promise as an effective probiotic for protecting zebrafish against A. hydrophila infection, offering potential benefits for the aquaculture industry.
A sensor, system, and method for detecting and correcting for an effect on an analyte indicator of an analyte sensor. The analyte indicator may have a first detectable property that varies in accordance with an analyte concentration and an effect on (e.g., degradation of) the analyte indicator. The analyte sensor may also include an interferent indicator having a second detectable property (e.g., absorption) that varies in accordance the effect on the analyte indicator. The analyte sensor may generate (i) an analyte measurement based on the first detectable property of the analyte indicator and (ii) an interferent measurement based on the second detectable property of the interferent indicator. The analyte sensor may be part of a system that also includes a transceiver. The transceiver may use the analyte and interferent measurements to calculate an analyte level.
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) are a group of diseases characterized by an abnormal glycosylation of proteins, but that can also result from an abnormal synthesis of glycosaminoglycans, glycophospholipids or glycosylphosphatidylinositol or the abnormal synthesis or utilization of dolichols. CDGs were first described in 1980, but the initial description of mutations in a gene underlying CDGs did not occur until 1997. Since then, there has been a rapid discovery phase of new CDGs, with more than 80 different types, reflecting defined mutations in 80 different genes in glycobiologic pathways affecting about 1000 patients worldwide. The clinical manifestations of CDGs are quite variable both within and among different types, and physicians from every specialty will likely encounter patients affected by glycosylation defects. The diagnosis of CDGs should be suspected in cases with neurological signs and symptoms of unknown etiology, or in any patient with multisystemic disease even in the absence of neurological features. Other potential clinical presentations include tissuespecific disorders such as anemia or ichthyosis, when common disorders have been ruled out. Diagnostic screening for many of the disorders is performed by analyzing the glycosylation on serum transferrin, initially by isoelectric focusing, now by mass spectrometry, in specialized clinical diagnostic laboratories both in the United States and abroad. The pattern of transferring glycoforms allows the differentiation between defects of Nglycosylation assembly in the ER (type I) and defects of Nglycan trimming and elongation, occurring mainly in the Golgi apparatus (type II). Most recently, wholeexome sequencing has led to the elucidation of the underlying mutation in patients with unknown CDGs. Treatment is available for only three CDG subtypes. In this protocol, we propose to clinically evaluate up to 100 patients of all ethnicities with known or suspected CDGs, obtain cells, plasma, and urine for future studies, perform mutation analysis for known CDGcausing genes, and search for other genes responsible for CDGs. Routine admissions of 3-5 days will occur annually or as required by changes in clinical symptomatology.