anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This study aims to compare the effectiveness of conventional dysphagia therapy (CDT), neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia. A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted with 40 acute stroke patients - 18 females and 22 males with a mean age of 65.8 ± 11.9. The subjects were grouped into 4, with 10 individuals in each. The procedures administered to groups were as follows: the first group, sham tDCS and sham NMES; the second group, tDCS and sham NMES; the third group, NMES and sham tDCS; and the fourth group, all therapy procedures. CDT was applied to all groups either as a standalone procedure or combined with one or two of the instrumental techniques. Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS) and Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study (VFSS) were employed to determine the severity of dysphagia and the effectiveness of treatment modalities. Additionally, the Penetration Aspiration Scale (PAS), Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), and Dysphagia Severity Rating Scale (DSRS) were administered to interpret VFSS data. Pre- and post-treatment comparisons of all groups have revealed a statistically significant difference for all parameters except for the PAS scores at International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI)-Level 4 consistencies. However, the differences between pre- and post-treatment scores of the fourth group across all parameters were significant - GUSS (p = 0.005), FOIS (p = 0.004), DSRS (p = 0.005), PAS IDDSI-4 (p = 0.027), PAS IDDSI-0 (p = 0.004). Inter-group comparisons, on the other hand, pointed out that the difference between pre- and post-treatment GUSS, FOIS, DSRS, and PAS scores at IDDSI Level-0 consistencies was statistically significant for all groups - GUSS (p = 0,009), FOIS (p = 0,004), DSRS (p = 0,002), PAS IDDSI-0 (p = 0,049). Closer examination of treatment groups indicated that the tDCS + CDT group, the NMES + CDT group, and the group that underwent the combination of three modalities made better progress than the one that was treated with only CDT. Though not statistically significant, the NMES + CDT group achieved better improvement than the tDCS + CDT group. This study has yielded that the group in which NMES, tDCS, and CDT were applied in combination has achieved better results than all the other groups. All treatment modalities applied to accelerate the general recovery process in acute stroke patients with dysphagia were found to be effective for the treatment of post-stroke swallowing disorders. The use of instrumental treatments such as NMES and tDCS enhanced the effectiveness of the treatment and provided more significant progress. Furthermore, combining treatment modalities such as NMES and tDCS was more effective when compared to using only conventional therapy. As a result, the most effective treatment outcomes were obtained by the group receiving CDT, NMES, and tDCS in combination. Therefore, the use of combined approaches has been recommended in appropriate patients; yet the provisional results should be tested in randomized trials with more participants.
BACKGROUND: If any benefit is to be derived from the use of the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) questionnaires in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, they should be validated and culturally adapted to the target population. We aimed to critically appraise the psychometric properties of HRQoL questionnaires used in African populations with CKD.
METHODS: Web of Science, Embase, PubMed and PsycINFO databases were searched. Psychometric validation studies of HRQoL questionnaires reporting at least one psychometric property of the COSMIN checklist in CKD African population, published up to October 16, 2023 were included and independently assessed for methodological quality and level of measurement properties by using the COSMIN methodology.
RESULTS: From 1163 articles, 5 full-text were included. Only the Kidney Disease Quality-of-Life questionnaire was translated and cross-culturally adapted for studies of patients with CKD. Internal consistency was of doubtful quality in 4 studies and very good in 1. Its measurement was sufficient in 1 study and insufficient in 4. Test-retest reliability was of doubtful quality in 4 studies. Its measurement was sufficient in 3 studies and insufficient in 1. Structural validity was of inadequate quality in 1 study and very good quality in 1. Its measurement was sufficient in both. Construct validity was of inadequate quality in all studies. Their measurement was insufficient in 4 studies and sufficient in 1.
CONCLUSIONS: This review highlighted that only one HRQoL questionnaire used in studies of African populations with CKD underwent a small number of cultural adaptations and psychometric validations, generally of poor methodological quality. HRQoL validation studies in African CKD populations are needed to better take advantage of the benefits in patient care, population health management, and research.
Evidence that inflammatory mechanisms contribute to neuronal injury in Alzheimer's disease along with a number of epidemiological studies suggests that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may slow the rate of cognitive deterioration. We have selected two such drugs for a therapeutic trial: rofecoxib and naproxen. The trial employs a double-blind parallel design with three primary treatment groups: rofecoxib, naproxen and placebo. A total of 320 patients will be enrolled in the trial and randomized to the three groups. Stable use of cholinesterase inhibitors, estrogen, low dose aspirin, and vitamin E will be allowed. Patients with inflammatory diseases that might respond to the study medications will be excluded.

The primary outcome measure will be the one year change in the cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAScog). The attainment of significant endpoints will be examined as a secondary outcome measure. Other secondary measures include the CDR sum-of-boxes, Neuropsychiatric Inventory, the Quality of Life-AD and the ADCS pharmacoeconomic scale. The influence of HLA-DR (Human Leukocyte Antigen) genotype on clinical progression and response to treatment will also be examined.
European data suggests that over 30% of gastric cancer (GC) patients are diagnosed with sarcopenia before surgery, while unintentional weight loss occurs in approximately 30% of patients following gastrectomy. Preoperative sarcopenia significantly increases the risk of major postoperative complications, and preoperative body weight loss remains a superior predictor of outcome and an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) in patients with GC. A standardized approach of nutritional risk screening of GC patients is yet to be established. Therefore, the MOONRISE study aims to prospectively analyze the changes in nutritional status and body composition at each stage of multimodal treatment among GC patients from five Western expert centers. Specifically, we seek to assess the association between nutritional status and body composition on tumor response following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Secondary outcomes of the study are treatment toxicity, postoperative complications, quality of life (QoL), and OS. Patients with locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma scheduled for multimodal treatment will be included in the study. Four consecutive nutritional status assessments will be performed throughout the treatment. The following study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT05723718) and will be conducted in accordance with the STROBE statement. The anticipated duration of the study is 12-24 months, depending on the recruitment status. Results of this study will reveal whether nutritional status and body composition assessment based on BIA will become a validated and objective tool to support clinical decisions in GC patients undergoing multimodal treatment.
Patient will start retro walking with first he/she will raise his/her one foot with toe off first then heel will be off from ground. swing phase of same leg would be done in backward direction with flexion on knee and extension will be performed on hip. Then patient will place the same foot on ground behind the other foot, with toe touch first on ground, and so this way patient would continue for 20 minutes continue his retro-walk for 20 minutes.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an immunoadjuvant that has high safety and enhances productivity of not only IgG associated with a systemic immunity but also secretory IgA associated with a topical infection protection mechanism of mucosa etc., and an immunoadjuvant aqueous solution and to provide a method for inoculating the same.  <P>SOLUTION: The immunoadjuvant contains a cationized chitosan. The aqueous solution contains the immunoadjuvant. The method for inoculating an immunoadjuvant comprises spraying the aqueous solution in the form of mist into animal lungs. Preferably, the cationized chitosan contained in the immunoadjuvant has a cationization degree of 0.1-3 and a deacetylation degree of 30-100%.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
The present invention relates to methods of identifying whether a candidate compound is a modulator of a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). In certain embodiments, the GPCR is human. In certain embodiments, the GPCR is expressed endogenously by neuronal cells or muscle cells. In certain embodiments, the GPCR is neuroprotective or myoprotective. In certain embodiments, the GPCR is a Humanin receptor. The present invention also relates to methods of using a modulator of said GPCR. A preferred modulator is agonist. Agonists of the invention are useful as therapeutic agents for the prevention or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in general, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, prion-associated disease, stroke and motor-neuron disease in particular, peripheral neuropathy, cerebral amyloid beta-protein angiopathy, and ischemic heart disease, including myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure.
136,442. Andresen, V. V. J. April 15, 1919. Dentifrices are made from a mixture of at least one carbonate of an alkaline or alkaline-earth metal or of iron, manganese, and the like, and of a substance, such as citric, boric, phosphoric, or hydrochloric acid or normal salts of acids stronger than carbonic acid such as calcium phosphate, which, in the presence of water, decomposes the carbonate with the generation of carbonic acid. These substances must either be such as to produce also substances akin to the materials of the tooth enamel, or, alternatively, such substances must be ingredients of the dentifrice and should be soluble in the carbonic-acidcontaining liquid formed during the decomposition of the carbonate. The following is an example : 3 parts each of acid alkali carbonate and tartaric acid, 4 parts of bone ash or of a mixture of calcium prosphate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, and sodium chloride, and optionally 1 part of kaolin and 0.4 part of potassium sulphocyanate. The ingredients may be mixed in the form of a powder, in tablets, or as a water-free paste, o.r they may be used as separate aqueous pastes to be mixed when required. The following substances may also be added, viz. : a mineral or fatty oil, vaseline, an alcohol such as glycerine or soap, small quantities of ethereal oils, a solid sweet substance, and soluble silicates. An example of a pasty mass mixed with an oil or the like is : 3 parts of acid sodium carbonate and 2 parts of calcium or magnesium chloride or an acetate, tartrate, citrate, malate, lactate, or lactophosphate. The following is an example of the form in which separate aqueous pastes are used : (A) 0.3 part of hydrochloric acid, 0.5 part of phosphoric acid, 1 part each of boric and tartaric acid, and 2 parts of kaolin, and (B) 3 parts of calcium carbonate and 1 part each of sodium carbonate and calcium fluoride.
1. A liposome doxorubicine preparation, containing a liposome carrier and, possibly, pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary substances. It is characterised in that the liposome carrier is constituted by a mixture of egg lecitin (PC), hydrogenated egg lecitin (HPC) and a resorcinol derivative (RL) in the weight ratio of 1:1:2. 5. A method of producing a liposome doxorubicine preparation, containing a liposome carrier and pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary substances, characterised by the encapsulation degree exceeding 95 percent. It is characterised in that a solution of doxorubicine or its salt in an organic solvent is combined with the solution of the lipid carrier components, containing egg lecithin (PC), hydrogenated egg lecitin (HPC) and a resorcinol derivative (RL) in the weight ratio of 1:1:2, in the same or other organic solvent. Solvents are expelled. The lipid layer is distributed in an organic solvent, subjected to cold treatment and lyophilization. The liophilizate is then contacted with water to obtain the original multilamellar liposome preparation. It is stabilized by subjecting to additional physical processes, to obtain a suspension of calibrated unilamellar liposomes with the size of 50-200 nm, preferably 100-200 nm, and the encapsulation degree exceeding 95 percent. Then, the liposome suspension is lyophilised. 8. An antitumorous pharmaceutical mixture for parenteral administration, comprising a therapeutically effective amount of doxorubicine in the form of a liposome preparation. It is characterised in that the liposome preparation contains doxorubicine hydrochloride in the weight ration between 1:5 and 1:15 with respect to the lipid components of the liposome carrier. The carrier consists of egg lecitin (PC), hydrogenated egg lecithin (HPC) and a resorcinol derivative (RL) at the weight ratio of 1:1:2, and it can contain additional pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and/or auxiliary substances.
BACKGROUND: Quality assessment of the prevalence and distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes could support additional targeted HPV vaccinations. However, the characteristics of HPV infection in Wuhan city are limited in the past decade. We aimed to assess the epidemiology of HPV infection among women and provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer in this region.
METHODS: A retrospective study employing 105,679 women attending Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children for cervical cancer screening from January 2015 to December 2022 was conducted. The HPV genotype was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and diversion hybridization. The overall incidence and age-specific type distribution of HPV infection and the relationship between HPV infection and cervical cytology were analyzed.
RESULTS: The overall HPV infection rate was 16.87% in Wuhan city, and the prevalence rates of high-risk, low-risk and mixed high- and low-risk HPV infections were 13.64%, 1.77% and 1.46%, respectively. The five most prevalent genotypes were HPV52 (4.24%), HPV58 (2.42%), HPV16 (2.34%), HPV53 (1.87%), and HPV39 (1.66%). The prevalence of HPV in women exhibited a "two-peak" pattern, the peaks of which were observed in the < 21 years group (37.4%) and the 61-65 years group (41.72%). Logistic regression analysis revealed no significant difference in the rate of high-grade lesion positivity between single and multiple high-risk HPV infections. Among patients with a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion+ (HSIL+) ThinPrep cytologic test (TCT) diagnosis, HPV58 was the most common type, followed by HPV52, HPV16, HPV39 and HPV53.
CONCLUSIONS: HPV types 52, 58, 16, 53, and 39 were the most common types in the general female population in Wuhan, and the prevalence of HPV infection varied among different age groups. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiological characteristics of HPV infection in women, which could support the development of targeted prevention and control strategies for cervical cancer in the region.
Participants randomized to the control arm of the study will receive a packet of written materials that are appropriate linguistically and written for individuals with low health literacy. In addition they will have 5 navigator initiated home visits to review the educational materials and help patients and families address barriers to palliative care through education, advocacy, and activation.
The present invention relates to a homeopathic sleep aid composition that may be applied topically. A composition may contain a synergistic blend of snake venom and relaxation-inducing herbs. A composition may facilitate relaxation by acting like an antihistamine, a GABA modulator, or an aromatherapeutic compound. A homeopathic composition may be applied topically on any part of the skin and even on open wounds. A homeopathic composition may also be formulated in an oral composition or intranasal composition. A homeopathic composition may aid people who have or do not have pain to fall asleep and stay asleep.
The patient must have been diagnosed with cancer at ≤25 years of age and have been diagnosed with one or more congenital anomalies reported through the APEC14B1 registry intake data. For all patients in APEC14B1 with self-reported congenital anomalies the investigators will: 1) recruit cases; 2) administer the GOBACK Study questionnaire; 3) collect biological samples for sequencing; and 4) obtain medical records to verify anomalies. Medical records will be used to validate self-reported congenital anomalies and is a crucial step prior to sequencing. Additionally, the investigators will be able to identify those with well-established cancer predisposition syndromes that involve congenital anomalies, such as WAGR syndrome.
AIMS: To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practical skills of students submitted to a 6-week intensive training in epilepsy compared to students without any training but mandatory neurology classes.
METHODS: It is a case-control study. After completing a 6-week intensive Academic, Clinical, and Research Program in epilepsy, TUMSs answered a validated Knowledge Attitudes and Practices (KAP) questionnaire. The control group, composed of undergraduate students who shared the same age, academic year, and compulsory hours for learning about epilepsy as TUMSs, was also assessed through the KAP instrument. Answers from both groups were submitted to Fisher exact and the χ2 test to observe differences among groups. Descriptive statistics were also performed.
RESULTS: TUMSs displayed better results in theoretical knowledge such as the definition and causes of epilepsy, and the application of paraclinical studies essential for diagnosing epilepsy. From their perspective, people with epilepsy encounter restricted opportunities for preserving their social life and employment and they are more prone to workplace accidents. They are convinced that facing epilepsy presents a notable risk due to the difficulties linked with diagnosis, considering epilepsy a challenging disease for general practitioners to identify and follow up. Likewise, they exhibited improvement in treatment adjustment and treatment monitoring of patients with epilepsy, mainly in pregnancy cases. Finally, they had greater knowledge about what to do when they witness a person experiencing a seizure.
CONCLUSION: Our study showed that a 6-week intensive education program in epilepsy increased the knowledge and practical skills and changed the attitude toward patients with epilepsy of undergraduate students.
The present invention relates to, among other things, methods for treating trigeminal cephalgias such as migraine and migraine like headaches and other cerbrovascular conditions associated with pain and or inflammation. When non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ketoprofen, are applied locally using specific topical formulations immediate relief of pain is obtained. Intense pain is typically reduced to mild pain or no pain within 30 minutes of application of the topical formulation. The NSAID may be given in combination with other pharmacological agents, such as vasoconstrictors, opioids, decongestants and/or non-opioid migraine drugs, such as triptans and ergots an agents than affect serotonin receptors as agonists, antagonists or partial agonists. Drugs are delivered locally, targeting the nerve endings of the trigeminal nerve, as well as the occipital nerve and the intranasal terminals of the parasympathetic fibers originating in the Sphenopalatine ganglion. The administration preferably targets the extra cranial nerve endings of the trigeminal nerve in the temporal area, the extracranial occipital nerve endings in the occipital area, and the intranasal terminals of the trigeminal nerve and parasympathetic fibers originating in the Sphenopalatine ganglion. The delivery is carried out topically by way of injection or by transdermal application.
The invention belongs to the technical field of pharmaceutical chemistry small molecular structure modified medicines, and discloses a fusidic acid chemical modifier, and a preparation method and application thereof. The chemical structural formula of the fusidic acid chemical modifier is shown as follows: wherein R is a mono-substituted or poly-substituted aromatic ring group. The aromatic ring group is an aromatic ring group containing a benzene ring and/or a thiophene ring, or an aromatic ring group containing a furan ring. The invention carries out chemical modification on the structure of the natural product extract fusidic acid to obtain the fusidic acid chemical modifier substituted by the aromatic ring group. The fusidic acid chemical modifier is applied to the preparation of the pharmaceutical preparation and the antibacterial activity to bacteria, and also has application in the preparation of preventing, inhibiting, controlling and/or treating bacterial infection. In addition, the chemical modification of fusidic acid can also be applied to the safety aspect of food and drink and/or the field of disinfection of instruments.
PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility of obtaining black-blood imaging with a large FOV from the neck to the aortic arch at 3 T using a newly modified Relaxation-Enhanced Angiography without Contrast and Triggering for Black-Blood Imaging (REACT-BB).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: REACT-BB provides black-blood images by adjusting the inversion time (TI) in REACT to the null point of blood. The optimal TI for REACT-BB was investigated in 10 healthy volunteers with TI varied from 200 ms to 1400 ms. Contrast ratios were calculated between muscle and three branch arteries of the aortic arch. Additionally, a comparison between REACT-BB and MPRAGE involved evaluating the depiction of high-intensity plaques in 222 patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack. Measurements included plaque-to-muscle signal intensity ratios (PMR), plaque volumes, and carotid artery stenosis rates in 60 patients with high-intensity plaques in carotid arteries.
RESULTS: REACT-BB with TI = 850 ms produced the black-blood image with the best contrast between blood and background tissues. REACT-BB outperformed MPRAGE in depicting high-intensity plaques in the aortic arch (55.4% vs 45.5%) and exhibited superior overall image quality in visual assessment (3.31 ± 0.70 vs 2.89 ± 0.73; p < 0.05). Although the PMR of REACT-BB was significantly lower than MPRAGE (2.227 ± 0.601 vs 2.285 ± 0.662; P < 0.05), a strong positive correlation existed between REACT-BB and MPRAGE (ρ = 0.935; P < 0.05), and all high-intensity plaques that MPRAGE detected were clearly detected by REACT-BB.
CONCLUSION: REACT-BB provides black-blood images with uniformly suppressed fat and blood signals over a large FOV from the neck to the aortic arch with comparable or better high-signal plaque depiction than MPRAGE.