anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Primary osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease that mostly affects the knee joint. It is a condition that occurs around the world. Because of the aging population and the increase in obesity prevalence, the incidence of primary OA is increasing each year. Joint replacement can completely subside the pain and minimize movement disorders caused by advanced OA, while nonsteroidal drugs and injection of sodium hyaluronate into the joint cavity can only partially relieve the pain; hence, it is critical to search for new methods to treat OA. Increasing lines of evidence show that primary OA is a chronic inflammatory disorder, with synovial inflammation as the main characteristic. Macrophages, as one of the immune cells, can be polarized to produce M1 (proinflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory) types during synovial inflammation in OA. Following polarization, macrophages do not come in direct contact with chondrocytes; however, they affect chondrocyte metabolism through paracrine production of a significant quantity of inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases, and growth factors and thus participate in inducing joint pain, cartilage injury, angiogenesis, and osteophyte formation. The main pathways that influence the polarization of macrophages are the Toll-like receptor and NF-κB pathways. The study of how macrophage polarization affects OA disease progression has gradually become one of the approaches to prevent and treat OA. Experimental studies have found that the treatment of macrophage polarization in primary OA can effectively relieve synovial inflammation and reduce cartilage damage. The present article summarizes the influence of inflammatory factors secreted by macrophages after polarization on OA disease progression, the main signaling pathways that induce macrophage differentiation, and the role of different polarized types of macrophages in OA; thus, providing a reference for preventing and treating primary OA.
PURPOSE:To form an antimicrobial aluminosilicate having the same excellent antimicrobial activities as those of conventional antimicrobial zeolite, free from change in color with time, by replacing ions substitutable for ions in an aluminisilicate with an ion of amine and an antimicrobial metal ion. CONSTITUTION:Ions substitutable for ions in an aluminisilicate are partially or totally replaced with at least one ion of amine and an antimicrobial metal ion to form an antimicrobial aluminosilicate. Zeolite and amorphous aluminosilicate are usable as the aluminosilicate. At least one metallic ion selected from a group consisting of silver, copper, zinc, mercury, tin, lead, bismuth, cadmium, chromium and thallium is used as the antimicrobial metal ion. A primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine and quaternary amine may be cited as the ion of amine. The antimicrobial aluminosilicate is directly kneaded with a resin (thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin) or applied to the surface of the resin to form an antimicrobial resin composition.
Magnetic Resonance (MR)-guided high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is an innovative technique that allows for non-invasive thermal ablation of tissue. Advantages over conventional local tumor control such as surgery, radiation, or radiofrequency are that MR-HIFU is completely non-invasive, non-ionizing, and enables ablation of large tumor volumes with avoidance of adjacent tissue injury. This study will evaluate the safety and feasibility of MR-HIFU ablative therapy in children, adolescents, and young adults with refractory or relapsed solid tumors that are located in bone or soft tissue in close proximity to bone. Patients ≤ 30 years of age with refractory or relapsed solid tumors with measurable target lesions that are located in bone or soft tissue in close proximity to bone are eligible. Tolerability will be defined during the 14 days following MR-HIFU ablation. Patients will continue to be followed for tumor response and secondary outcomes for up to one year post ablation treatment.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacy and prognosis factors of acute myeloid leukemia with a combination therapy of venetoclax.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of AML patients treated with a combination therapy of venetoclax from March 2020 to April 2023 in the First Hospital of Lanzhou University. The efficacy, adverse reactions and survival were observed, and the influencing factors were analyzed.
RESULTS: A total of 74 AML patients were included in this study, including 43 initially treated AML and 31 relapsed or refractory AML (R/R AML). The median age of 43 initially treated AML patients was 65 years old, the composite complete remission (cCR) rate was 67.4% (29/43), the objective response rate (ORR) was 72.1% (31/43), and the median overall survival (OS) was 17.3 months. The median age of 31 R/R AML patients was 51 years old, with a cCR rate of 38.7% (12/31), an ORR of 58.1% (18/31), and a median OS of 7.1 months. Sex, the blood cell count before VEN, gene mutation and prognosis stratification were related to whether to obtain cCR. Failure to obtain cCR was an independent risk factor for adverse outcomes.
CONCLUSION: A combination therapy of venetoclax is safe and efficacious for AML. Its efficacy and survival are affected by molecular biology, cytogenetics and other factors.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The European Association of Urology (EAU) Guidelines Panel on non-neurogenic male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) aimed to develop a new subchapter on underactive bladder (UAB) in non-neurogenic men to inform health care providers of current best evidence and practice. Here, we present a summary of the UAB subchapter that is incorporated into the 2024 version of the EAU guidelines on non-neurogenic male LUTS.
METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted from 2002 to 2022, and articles with the highest certainty evidence were selected. A strength rating has been provided for each recommendation according to the EAU Guideline Office methodology.
KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS: Detrusor underactivity (DU) is a urodynamic diagnosis defined as a contraction of reduced strength and/or duration, resulting in prolonged bladder emptying and/or failure to achieve complete bladder emptying within a normal time span. UAB is a terminology that should be reserved for describing symptoms and clinical features related to DU. Invasive urodynamics is the only widely accepted method for diagnosing DU. In patients with persistently elevated postvoid residual (ie, >300 ml), intermittent catheterization is indicated and preferred to indwelling catheters. Alpha-adrenergic blockers are recommended before more invasive techniques, but the level of evidence is low. In men with DU and concomitant benign prostatic obstruction (BPO), benign prostatic surgery should be considered only after appropriate counseling. In men with DU and no BPO, a test phase of sacral neuromodulation may be considered.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The current text represents a summary of the new subchapter on UAB. For more detailed information, refer to the full-text version available on the EAU website (https://uroweb.org/guidelines/management-of-non-neurogenic-male-luts).
INTRODUCTION: The effect of dietary fiber on pig production has been extensively evaluated. Inspired by observations of the diet of wild, young piglets, this study aimed to examine the possibility of feeding grass hay to suckling piglets besides concentrated creep feed.
METHODS: The sow-nursed piglets in this study were divided into two groups based on balanced sow parities. The control group (CON, n = 7 sows) only received a regular, concentrated creep feed, while the treatment piglets (GH, n = 8 sows) were also provided with chopped grass hay from 2 days of age until weaning (28 days). At weaning, one piglet with a median weight was selected from each litter for post-mortem evaluation. Subsequently, six pigs around median weight per sow were grouped into nursery pens and monitored for their feed intake and body weight gain until 9 weeks of age.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Piglets in GH consumed, on average, 57 g of grass hay per piglet during the entire lactation period. The emptied weight of the small and large intestine was significantly greater in GH (280 vs. 228 g, 88.8 vs. 79.3 g, respectively, p < 0.05), and the length of the large intestine was stimulated by the grass hay (164 vs. 150 cm, p < 0.05). Morphologically, the villus height in the jejunum was higher in GH (p < 0.05). In the large intestine, the crypt depth of the mid-colon was lower in GH. Moreover, the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations in the cecum were increased in GH compared to CON (1,179 vs. 948 µmol/g dry matter, p < 0.05), whereas in the colon, SCFA concentrations were lower in CON (341 vs. 278 µmol/g dry matter, p < 0.05). There was no major impact of grass hay inclusion on the colonic microbiota composition. Only a trend was observed for a lower inverse of the classical Simpson (InvSimpon) index and a higher abundance of Lactobacillus genera in GH. After weaning, no significant differences in feed intake and body weight gain were observed. In conclusion, supplementing the grass hay to suckling piglets led to alterations in intestinal morphology, increased SCFA fermentation in proximal sections of large intestine, stimulation of gastrointestinal tract growth, and subtle modifications in colonic microbiota.
Two medications currently licensed for the treatment of FM in Israel, i.e. Cymbalta and Lyrica. Treatment with Lyrica will start at a dose of 75 mg twice a day, at morning and at bedtime, while treatment with Cymbalta will start at a dose of 30 mg a day (in the morning). After a period of 2 weeks, patients will be evaluated and dose will be adjusted as necessary and tolerated, up to the maximum dosage recommended for FM. Patients may also be switched from one medication to the other according to clinical judgment of the physician.
BACKGROUND: The association of dietary patterns and longitudinal changes in brain volume has rarely been investigated in Japanese individuals. We prospectively investigated this association in middle-aged and older Japanese community-dwelling adults.
METHODS: Data with a 2-year follow-up from the sixth wave (July 2008 to July 2010; baseline) to the seventh (July 2010 to July 2012; follow-up) of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging project were analyzed. Dietary intake was assessed using a 3-day dietary record, and longitudinal volume changes (%) in the total gray matter (TGM), total white matter, and frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, and insular lobes were assessed using 3-dimensional T1 magnetic resonance imaging scans. Multiple factor analysis and hierarchical clustering revealed sex-specific dietary patterns. Associations between dietary patterns and annual brain-volume changes (%) were evaluated using general linear models adjusted for age, apoprotein E genotype, body mass index, medical history, lifestyle behaviors, socioeconomic factors, and energy intake.
RESULTS: Among the 1636 participants (age: 40.3-89.2 years), three dietary patterns were determined for men (n = 815; Western; Vegetable-Fruit-Dairy; and Traditional Japanese diets) and women (n = 821; Western; Grain-Vegetable-Fruit; and Traditional Japanese diets). Compared to women following the Western diet, those on the Traditional Japanese diet had less TGM atrophy. Multivariable-adjusted β (95% confidence interval) of the annual change (%) of TGM was - 0.145 (-0.287 to -0.002; P = 0.047), which correlated with reduced parietal lobe atrophy. No association between dietary pattern and brain atrophy was observed in men.
CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to healthy dietary patterns, with higher consumption of whole grains, seafood, vegetables, fruits, mushrooms, soybean products, and green tea, potentially confers a protective effect against brain atrophy in middle-aged and older Japanese women but not in men. Further research to confirm these results and ascertain the underlying mechanisms is required. This study highlights the importance of sex-specific effects on the relationship between dietary patterns and brain health in diverse populations.
### PR interval prolongation

Dose-dependent prolongations in PR interval with VIMPAT have been observed in clinical studies in patients and in healthy volunteers. [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)] In clinical trials in patients with partial-onset epilepsy, asymptomatic first-degree atrioventricular (AV) block was observed as an adverse reaction in 0.4% (4/944) of patients randomized to receive VIMPAT and 0% (0/364) of patients randomized to receive placebo. In clinical trials in patients with diabetic neuropathy, asymptomatic first-degree AV block was observed as an adverse reaction in 0.5% (5/1023) of patients receiving VIMPAT and 0% (0/291) of patients receiving placebo. Second degree or higher AV block has been reported in postmarketing experience in epilepsy patients. When VIMPAT is given with other drugs that prolong the PR interval, further PR prolongation is possible. Patients should be made aware of the symptoms of second-degree or higher AV block (e.g. slow or irregular pulse, feeling of lightheadedness and fainting) and told to contact their physician should any of these occur.

VIMPAT should be used with caution in patients with known conduction problems (e.g. marked first-degree AV block, second-degree or higher AV block and sick sinus syndrome without pacemaker), or with severe cardiac disease such as myocardial ischemia or heart failure. In such patients, obtaining an ECG before beginning VIMPAT, and after VIMPAT is titrated to steady-state, is recommended.

### Atrial fibrillation and Atrial flutter

In the short-term investigational trials of VIMPAT in epilepsy patients, there were no cases of atrial fibrillation or flutter, however, both have been reported in open label epilepsy trials and in postmarketing experience. In patients with diabetic neuropathy, 0.5% of patients treated with VIMPAT experienced an adverse reaction of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, compared to 0% of placebo-treated patients. VIMPAT administration may predispose to atrial arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation or flutter), especially in patients with diabetic neuropathy and/or cardiovascular disease. Patients should be made aware of the symptoms of atrial fibrillation and flutter (e.g., palpitations, rapid pulse, shortness of breath) and told to contact their physician should any of these symptoms occur.
Administer ASMANEX TWISTHALER by the orally inhaled route only. Instruct patients to inhale rapidly and deeply. Advise patients to rinse the mouth after inhalation. Individual patients will experience a variable time to onset and degree of symptom relief. Maximum benefit may not be achieved for 1 to 2 weeks or longer after initiation of treatment. After asthma stability has been achieved, it is desirable to titrate to the lowest effective dosage to reduce the possibility of side effects. For patients ≥12 years of age who do not respond adequately to the starting dose after 2 weeks of therapy, higher doses may provide additional asthma control. The safety and efficacy of ASMANEX TWISTHALER when administered in excess of recommended doses have not been established.
Pramipexole is a nonergot dopamine agonist with high relative in vitro specificity and full intrinsic activity at the D2 subfamily of dopamine receptors, binding with higher affinity to D3 than to D2 or D4 receptor subtypes. 

Parkinson’s Disease: The precise mechanism of action of pramipexole as a treatment for Parkinson's disease is unknown, although it is believed to be related to its ability to stimulate dopamine receptors in the striatum. This conclusion is supported by electrophysiologic studies in animals that have demonstrated that pramipexole influences striatal neuronal firing rates via activation of dopamine receptors in the striatum and the substantia nigra, the site of neurons that send projections to the striatum. The relevance of D3 receptor binding in Parkinson’s disease is unknown.

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS): The precise mechanism of action of Mirapex® (pramipexole dihydrochloride) tablets as a treatment for Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is unknown. Although the pathophysiology of RLS is largely unknown, neuropharmacological evidence suggests primary dopaminergic system involvement. Positron Emission Tomographic (PET) studies suggest that a mild striatal presynaptic dopaminergic dysfunction may be involved in the pathogenesis of RLS.
In original protocol and amendment 2, participants will be planned to administer IV MT-3724 50 mcg/kg over 1 hour on Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 10 and 12 in Cycles 1 and 2 (each 28-day cycle) and on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 in Cycles 3 and 4 (each 28-day cycle). Participants will also be planned to administer Gemcitabine 1000 mg/m\^2 as 30-minute IV infusion and Oxaliplatin 100 mg/m\^2 as 2-hour IV infusion on Days 2 and 16 in Cycles 1, 2, 3 and 4 (each 28-day cycle). Per amendment 2, participants will be planned to administer MT-3724 50 mcg/kg on Days 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, 15, 22, 29, and 36 in Cycle 1 (42-day cycle). In Cycles 2, 3 and 4, MT-3724 50 mcg/kg will be planned to administer weekly on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of each 28-day cycle. Gemcitabine and oxaliplatin will be planned to administer on Days 16 and 30 of Cycle 1 and on Days 2 and 16 in Cycles 2, 3 and 4 (42-day cycle for Cycle 1 and 28-day cycle for Cycle 2, Cycle 3 and Cycle 4).
A decontamination formulation and method of making that neutralizes the adverse health effects of both chemical and biological compounds, especially chemical warfare (CW) and biological warfare (BW) agents, and toxic industrial chemicals. The formulation provides solubilizing compounds that serve to effectively render the chemical and biological compounds, particularly CW and BW compounds, susceptible to attack, and at least one reactive compound that serves to attack (and detoxify or kill) the compound. The formulation includes at least one solubilizing agent, a reactive compound, a sorbent additive, and water. A highly adsorbent sorbent additive (e.g., amorphous silica, sorbitol, mannitol, etc.) is used to “dry out” one or more liquid ingredients into a dry, free-flowing powder that has an extended shelf life, and is more convenient to handle and mix in the field. The formulation can be pre-mixed and pre-packaged as a multi-part kit system, where one or more of the parts are packaged in a powdered, granulated form for ease of handling and mixing in the field.
PURPOSE:An eye drop, containing a human epithelial cell growth factor as an active constituent, and useful for treating keratitis, corneal erosion, corneal infiltration and corneal ulcer. CONSTITUTION:An eyedrop, containing a human epithelial cell growth factor (h- EGF) as an active constituent in preferably 0.01-50mug/ml (or g) concentration, and adjusted to 5.0-8.0pH with a buffer agent, e.g. NaCl, KCl or CaCl, etc. A preservative, e.g. chlorobutanol or methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, may be incorporated in the eye drop. The h-EGF originated from the human urine, and the substance is a straight chain polypeptide having about 6,000 molecular weight, three sets of intermolecular disulfide crosslinkages and the epithelial cell growth action.
Participants assigned to the intervention arm will receive a SMS link to a PDF containing instructions on proning/repositioning and information about its physiological benefits. They'll also receive a PDF with standard recommendations for treating COVID-19 at home. Participants will be encouraged to lie flat on their belly, on their side, or sit upright and rotate between these positions when lying down during the day and night. Participants will be sent a daily SMS "proning reminder" and asked to complete a secure REDCap survey regarding their proning activity. They'll be advised to prone and reposition for seven days minimum whenever they are lying down. Participants who have failed to reach their functional baseline after this time period will be advised to continue doing so. Follow up assessment by telephone will be conducted in 7 day increments from baseline up to 28 days.
The present invention pertains to a chewable spheroidal coated microcapsule under about 850 microns in diameter which comprises at least one spray congealed spheroidal microcapsule core under about 200 microns in diameter, a first wax spray coating layer over the core, and a second oil coating layer over the first coated core, wherein the coated microcapsule comprises (A) a microcapsule core comprising, in percentages by weight of the microcapsule core (a) a medicament present in an amount from about 1% to about 40%, (b) an edible material having a melting point from about 25°C. to about 100°C. selected from the group consisting of (i) fatty acids having an iodine value from about 1 to about 10, (ii) natural waxes, (iii) synthetic waxes, and (iv) mixtures thereof, present in an amount from about 9.5% to about 98.5%, (c) an emulsifying agent present in an amount from about 0.5% to about 20%, (B) a first wax spray coating layer over the microcapsule core comprising, in percentages by weight of the first coating layer (a) an edible material having a melting point from about 25°C. to about 100°C. selected from the group consisting of (i) fatty acids having an iodine value from about 1 to about 10, (ii) natural waxes, (iii) synthetic waxes, and (iv) mixtures thereof, present in an amount from about 60% to about 99.5%, (b) an emulsifying agent present in an amount from about 0.5% to about 20%, and (C) a second oil coating layer over the first coated microcapsule core comprising an edible vegetable oil having a melting point in the range from about 25°C. to about 90°C.
Systems and methods for separating mono nuclear cells from whole blood rotate a separation chamber about a rotational axis. The systems and methods introduce whole blood into a first region of the chamber during its rotation to separate the whole blood into a plasma constituent, red blood cells, and an interface between the red blood cells and the plasma constituent. The interface carries mono nuclear cells. While conveying whole blood into the first region, the systems and methods collect the plasma constituent in the first region, while also collecting the red blood cells in a second region of the chamber spaced from the inlet region. The systems and methods create, while conveying whole blood into the inlet region, a back flow of plasma constituent along the interface from the second region toward the inlet region. This back flow of plasma maintains a high-relative hematocrit in the second region and a low-relative hematocrit in the inlet region. The mono nuclear cells are confined between the low-relative hematocrit inlet region and the high-relative second region. The system and method then convey red blood cells into the second region in a back flow direction toward the inlet region. While conveying red blood cells into the second region, the systems and methods collect the mono nuclear cells in the first region.
For the subjects randomized to endovascular treatment (EVT), treatment initiation is defined as the date and time of arterial puncture. Ideally, femoral artery puncture will occur within 30 minutes of randomization and no longer than 60 minutes after the completion of the qualifying imaging. Treatment initiation (arterial puncture) must occur before 24 hours since the subject was last known well. Date and time of arterial puncture, revascularization, and procedure end will be recorded. It is expected that the interventional procedure will be completed within two (2) hours of arterial access. If an appropriate thrombus or residual stenosis is identified, the choice of EVT strategy will be made by the treating neurointerventionalist. All mechanical thrombectomy devices for EVT, which are approved by CFDA for this purpose, are allowed in the trial.