anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Oral Vigantol Oil 5 mls, (100 000 iu of Vitamin D). First dose at randomisation, 7 -28 days prior to commencing standard Hepatitis C treatment for Hepatitis C Genotypes 1 or 3 . Thereafter monthly with concurrent Hepatitis C treatment.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical features and genetic etiology for a child with developmental delay, impaired growth, facial dysmorphism, and axonal neuropathy (DIGFAN).
METHODS: A child who was admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University on March 22, 2021 was selected the study subject. Clinical data of the child was collected. Following extraction of genomic DNA, the child and his parents were subjected to whole exome sequencing (WES), and candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis.
RESULTS: The child, a 10-year-and-9-month-old boy, had manifested with short stature, intellectual disability, delayed speech, motor and language development, and facial dysmorphism. WES and Sanger sequencing revealed that he has harbored a novel de novo c.800T>C (p.Leu267Pro) variant of the MORC2 gene. The Leucine at position 267, which is highly conserved among various species, is located in the S5 domain of ribosome protein in the ATPase binding region of MORC2. And the Leu267Pro may affect the function of MORC2 by altering the spatial conformation and activity of ATPase. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the c.800T>C variant was classified as likely pathogenic (PS2+PM2_Supporting+PP2+PP3).
CONCLUSION: The MORC2: c.800T>C (p.Leu267Pro) variant probably underlay the pathogenesis of DIGFAN syndrome in this child.
This case report and review describes a 31-year-old man with a history of chronic pancreatitis who presented to the hospital with shortness of breath and left-sided chest pain. Three days prior, he underwent mid-splenic artery embolization due to hematemesis attributed to a splenic artery pseudoaneurysm associated with a peripancreatic pseudocyst. Upon this presentation, the patient reported increasing shortness of breath, left-sided pleuritic chest pain, and epigastric and left upper quadrant abdominal pain. Imaging revealed left pleural effusion, splenic infarcts, and adjacent fluid collections. Thoracentesis confirmed an exudative effusion. The pleural effusion was attributed to recent splenic artery embolization, and the patient was discharged on appropriate medications in stable condition on the sixth day of hospitalization. This case underscores the importance of considering embolization-related complications in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusions following such procedures. The etiology, diagnosis, and management of splenic artery aneurysms are discussed in this review.
Allergic Reactions:Patients allergic to para-aminobenzoic acid derivatives (procaine, tetracaine, benzocaine, etc.) have not shown cross sensitivity to lidocaine. However,  Lidotral® 2% Spray should be used with caution in patients with a history of drug sensitivities, especially if the etiologic agent is uncertain. 

Non-intact Skin: Application to broken or inflamed skin, although not tested, may result in higher blood concentrations of lidocaine from increased absorption. Lidotral® 2% Spray is only recommended for use on intact skin. 

External Heat Sources: Placement of external heat sources, such as heating pads or electric blankets, over Lidotral® 2% Spray is not recommended as this has not been evaluated and may increase plasma lidocaine levels. 

Eye Exposure: The contact of Lidotral® 2% Spray with eyes, although not studied, should be avoided based on thefindings of severe eye irritation with the use of similar products in animals. If eye contact occurs, immediately wash out the eye with water or saline and protect the eye until sensation returns.
INTRODUCTION: The levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in plasma are important risk factors for coronary heart disease. Several reports suggest that elevated plasma cholesterol is associated with cardiac arrhythmias. In a subsequent study investigating LDL cholesterol levels and the frequency of LDL cholesterol measurements, a positive correlation was observed between the severity of sleep apnea and visit-to-visit LDL cholesterol variability. Our objective was to assess the effects of hypercholesterolemia on cardiac autonomic activity, disordered sleep patterns, and increased incidence of arrhythmias in freely moving rats.
METHODS: Wireless transmission of polysomnographic recordings was performed in control and high cholesterol male rats during normal daytime sleep. Spectral analyses were conducted on the electroencephalogram and electromyogram (EMG) recordings to distinguish active waking, quiet sleep, and paradoxical sleep. Heart rate variability power spectrum analysis was used to measure cardiac autonomic activity.
RESULTS: The high cholesterol group exhibited a higher low-frequency (LF)/high-frequency (HF) power ratio during all sleep stages compared to the control group. Additionally, the frequency of sleep interruptions was increased in the high cholesterol group compared to the control group.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results show significant sleep fragmentation with sympathetic hyperactivity after exposure to high cholesterol. This indicates that high cholesterol may increase the risk of sleep apnea and poor sleep quality by disrupting autonomic homeostasis.
INTRODUCTION: Multiple studies have identified risk factors for readmission in colon cancer patients. We need to determine which risk factors, when modified, produce the greatest decrease in readmission for patients so that limited resources can be used most effectively by implementing targeted evidence-based performance improvements. We determined the potential impact of various modifiable risk factors on reducing 30-d readmission in colon cancer patients.
METHODS: We used a cohort design with the 2012-2020 American College of Surgeons' National Surgical Quality Improvement Program data to track colon cancer patients for 30 d following surgery. Colon cancer patients who received colectomies and were discharged alive were included. Readmission (to the same or another hospital) for any reason within 30 d of the resection was the outcome measure. Modifiable risk factors were the use of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) versus open colectomy, mechanical bowel preparation, preoperative antibiotic use, functional status, smoking, complications (deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, stroke, infections, anastomotic leakage, prolonged postoperative ileus, extensive blood loss, and sepsis), serum albumin, and hematocrit.
RESULTS: 111,691 patients with colon cancer were included in the analysis. About half of the patients were male, most were aged 75 or older, and were discharged home. Overall, 11,138 patients (10.0%) were readmitted within 30 d of surgery. In adjusted analysis, the reduction in readmission would be largest by preventing both prolonged ileus and by switching open colectomies to MIS (28.0% relative reduction) followed by preventing anastomotic leaks (6.2% relative reduction). Improving other modifiable risk factors would have a more limited impact.
CONCLUSIONS: The focus of readmission reduction should be on preventing prolonged ileus, increasing the use of MIS, and preventing anastomotic leaks.
Dosage adjustments are generally not required on the basis of age, gender, race, or renal or hepatic impairment. Geodon is not approved for use in children or adolescents. Oral:

Ziprasidone intramuscular has not been systematically evaluated in elderly patients or in patients with hepatic or renal impairment. As the cyclodextrin excipient is cleared by renal filtration, ziprasidone intramuscular should be administered with caution to patients with impaired renal function. Dosing adjustments are not required on the basis of gender or race [ ]. Intramuscular:see Use in Specific Populations (8)
BACKGROUND: The recommendation for Chlorhexidine (CHX) as a traditional oral care solution is decreasing, and herbal oral care products are being considered as a potential alternative. This network meta-analysis aims to determine if herbal oral care products for oral care in mechanically ventilated patients are superior to CHX and provide direction for future research by comparing the effectiveness of herbal oral care products currently available.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched for English-language published and grey literature sources of randomized clinical trials involving herbal oral care solutions in intensive care unit (ICU) oral care (until September 2023). The primary outcome was the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP); the secondary outcome was the oral microbiota quantity. Data were pooled by pairwise meta-analysis and Bayesian network meta-analysis. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE framework.
RESULTS: Our network meta-analysis included 29 studies, and the results showed that Chinese herb (OR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.2-0.75) and Miswak (OR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.07-0.91) were more effective in reducing VAP incidence than CHX. In terms of reducing bacterial counts, Chinese herb (OR: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.19-0.48) was superior to CHX, and all herbal oral care products, including Persica® (alcoholic extract of S. persica, Achillea millefolium, and Mentha spicata), Matrica® (Chamomile extract), and Listerine® (main components include Menthol, Thymol, and Eucalyptol), were better than saline in all aspects but without significant differences.
CONCLUSION: Based on our network meta-analysis, we have observed that Chinese herbal medicine and Miswak are superior to CHX in reducing the incidence of VAP. However, the safety and feasibility of traditional Chinese herbal medicine require further high-quality research for validation. Simultaneously, Matrica® demonstrates a significant reduction in microbial counts but does not exhibit a significant advantage in lowering the incidence of VAP. This observation aligns with the results of clinical double-blind trials. Therefore, we identify Miswak and Matrica® as promising herbal oral care products with the potential to replace CHX. It is essential to emphasize that our study provides guidance for future research rather than conclusive determinations.
REGISTRATION: PROSPERO no. CRD42023398022.
Intrauterine device (IUD) is a high efficacy long-acting reversible contraceptive method. However, IUD insertion is a procedure that require well-trained medical personnel and can cause pain in several steps during insertion such as applying tenaculum, applying uterine sound and insertion of IUD. Fear of pain during IUD insertion is a barrier to use of this contraceptive method. Previous researches reported mean pain score with using visual analog scale (VAS) moderated pain (4.7/10 and 34.7-51.2/100). In several countries, pain control is used before IUD insertion procedure. Currently, there is no recommended standard method for reducing pain during this procedure. From Cochrane Database 2015, some lidocaine formulations, such as lidocaine spray, lidocaine gel and lidocaine paracervical injection, could reduce pain during IUD insertion, but there is limited data on effect of lidocaine spray on reducing pain during insertion of IUD.

Lidocaine is introduced to use for pain relieving in medical procedures with advantages of rapid action and minimal side effects.10% Lidocaine spray is a form of local anesthetic method that use in obstetrics and gynecology procedures and has favorable efficacy in reducing pain. Nevertheless, there were limited studies of 10% Lidocaine spray during IUD insertion. In this study, we investigate pain during IUD insertion using lidocaine spray compared with placebo.
The study consists of 1 Screening Period and 2 treatment periods. Evaluation of eligibility and allocation of subject number to the volunteers will be performed after Screening. It is planned that subjects will be enrolled in three groups of approximately 30 subjects in each group (Groups 1 to 3), in order to ensure 15 completed subjects per group in Treatment Period 1 and Treatment Period 2. In Treatment Period 1, each subject will sequentially receive 1 dose daily of oral Femara (2.5 mg) over a period of 14 days followed by a single intramuscular (IM) dose of Letrozole LEBE (after a washout period) in Treatment Period 2. Ascending doses of Letrozole LEBE will be given to Groups 1, 2 and 3. Safety and tolerability will be assessed in all groups by the incidence and severity of Adverse Events (AEs) and Serious AEs (SAEs), concomitant medication use, vital sign assessments, clinical laboratory evaluations, 12 lead ECGs, physical examination, and body weight/BMI. The end of the clinical trial will be the last visit of the last subject at Day 197 of Treatment Period 2 or any additionally required 4-weeks safety follow up visits, when plasma levels of letrozole are detectable, whichever occurs later. Those remaining subjects with detectable plasma levels of letrozole could be followed every 4 weeks.

The sample size was estimated based on a minimum number necessary to obtain a preliminary assessment regarding the drug's PK and safety profile over the planned dose range. No formal sample size calculation was made for this study.
The goal of this project is to test the efficacy a theory based, patient-centered, dynamically tailored intervention delivered via a cell phone app. The four aims of this project are to: 1) Test the efficacy of the intervention to improve long term maintenance of osteoporosis prevention health behaviors in midlife women, 2) evaluate moderators and mediators of long-term engagement in health behaviors, 3) describe processes of health behavior change and evaluate differences within and between subjects using Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMA) as a complement to traditional measures and 4) evaluate the utility of The Individual and Family Self-Management Theory to explain health behavior change. In the U.S., over 35 million women either have or are at high risk for osteoporosis at an anticipated cost of greater than $25 billion by 2025. Osteoporosis affects 1 out of 2 White women, is rapidly growing among populations of color and causes high chronic disease burden worldwide. Less than 6% of women regularly engage in the basic health promotion behaviors. The vast disparity between the high prevalence of osteoporosis and the low number of people who engage in preventative care highlights this condition as one of many striking examples of the crucial role behavior change could play in improving health and decreasing health care costs. New knowledge suggests enhancing knowledge and beliefs, self-regulation skill and abilities, and social facilitation leads to self-management and improved health outcomes. It is hypothesized that the more an intervention integrates health behavior change processes into daily activities the more likely it is to increases one's capacity to self-manage. The work proposed is significant because it focuses on the serious and prevalent condition of osteoporosis; tests the application of a theory based, patient-centered, dynamic intervention designed to improve outcomes; and, decisively bundles new knowledge about methodologies, intervention processes, and delivery media to provide a cohesive foundation for intervention development and testing. Innovative aspects include use of EMAs as a complementary approach to providing feedback and measuring behavior change processes; testing a newly identified health behavior change theory; and development and evaluation of a cell phone app, one type of m-Health. Through technological advances we now have the capacity to integrate health behavior change processes into every day activities via a cell phone app but the effectiveness of the app to change health behaviors has not been demonstrated empirically. A three-group randomized controlled longitudinal design with data collected at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months will be used. A convenience sample of 288 (96 per group) community dwelling women will be enrolled. Outcomes will be evaluated with self-report, behavioral performance, and bio-behavioral measures, including DXA and vitamin D. The expected outcomes are achievement of an increase in women's initiation and long term maintenance of osteoporosis self-management behaviors and stabilization of bone mineral density.
The effectiveness of modafinil in improving wakefulness in patients with excessive sleepiness associated with SWD was demonstrated in a 12-week placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 209 patients with chronic SWD were randomized to receive modafinil 200 mg/day or placebo. All patients met the criteria for chronic SWD. The criteria include: 1) either, a) a primary complaint of excessive sleepiness or insomnia which is temporally associated with a work period (usually night work) that occurs during the habitual sleep phase, or b) polysomnography and the MSLT demonstrate loss of a normal sleep-wake pattern (i.e., disturbed chronobiological rhythmicity); and 2) no other medical or mental disorder accounts for the symptoms, and 3) the symptoms do not meet criteria for any other sleep disorder producing insomnia or excessive sleepiness (e.g., time zone change [jet lag] syndrome). 

It should be noted that not all patients with a complaint of sleepiness who are also engaged in shift work meet the criteria for the diagnosis of SWD. In the clinical trial, only patients who were symptomatic for at least 3-months were enrolled. 

Enrolled patients were also required to work a minimum of 5 night shifts per month, have excessive sleepiness at the time of their night shifts (MSLT score < 6-minutes), and have daytime insomnia documented by a daytime polysomnogram. 

The primary measures of effectiveness were 1) sleep latency, as assessed by the MSLT performed during a simulated night shift at the final visit and 2) the change in the patient's overall disease status, as measured by the CGI-C at the final visit [see Clinical Studies (14.1) for a description of these measures.]. 

Patients treated with modafinil showed a statistically significant prolongation in the time to sleep onset compared to placebo-treated patients, as measured by the nighttime MSLT at final visit (Table 2). A statistically significant greater number of patients treated with modafinil showed improvement in overall clinical condition as rated by the CGI-C scale at final visit (Table 3). 

Daytime sleep measured with polysomnography was not affected by the use of modafinil.
BACKGROUND: Cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is a long-term complication of cesarean section characterized by the localization of a subsequent gestational sac within the scar area or niche developed as a result of a previous cesarean section. Its incidence has increased substantially because of the high global cesarean section rate in recent decades. Several surgical and drug treatments exist for this condition; however, there is currently no optimal treatment. This study compared the effectiveness of direct hysteroscopic removal of the gestational tissue and hysteroscopy combined with vacuum suction for the treatment of CSP.
METHODS: From 2017 to 2023, 521 patients were diagnosed with CSP at our hospital. Of these patients, 45 underwent hysteroscopy. Among them, 28 underwent direct hysteroscopic removal (hysteroscopic removal group) and 17 underwent hysteroscopy combined with vacuum suction (hysteroscopic suction group). The clinical characteristics and outcomes of the hysteroscopic removal group and hysteroscopic suction group were analyzed.
RESULTS: Among the 45 patients, the amount of bleeding and hospitalization cost were significantly higher in the hysteroscopic removal group than in the hysteroscopic suction group (33.8 mL vs. 9.9 mL, P < 0.001; and 8744.0 yuan vs. 5473.8 yuan, P < 0.001; respectively). The operation time and duration of hospitalization were significantly longer in the hysteroscopic removal group than in the hysteroscopic suction group (61.4 min vs. 28.2 min, P < 0.001; and 3.8 days vs. 2.4 days, P = 0.026; respectively). Three patients in the hysteroscopic removal group had uterine perforation and received laparoscopic repair during operation. No complications occurred in the hysteroscopic suction group. One patient in the hysteroscopic removal group received ultrasound-guided suction curettage due to postoperative moderate vaginal bleeding, and one patient in the hysteroscopic suction group received ultrasound-guided suction curettage due to postoperative gestational residue and elevated serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin levels. Reproductive function was preserved in all patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Hysteroscopy is an effective method for treating CSP. Compared with direct hysteroscopic removal, hysteroscopy combined with vacuum suction is more suitable for CSP. However, multicenter prospective studies with large sample sizes are required for verification of these findings.
OBJECTIVES: In Burkina Faso, one in every four children under 5 years is stunted. Climate change will exacerbate childhood stunting. Strengthening the health system, particularly the quality of nutrition care at primary health facilities, can minimise the adverse climate effect on stunting. Thus, we examined the quality of nutritional status assessment (QoNA) during curative childcare services in primary health facilities in rural Burkina Faso and its relationship with rainfall-induced childhood stunting.
STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using anthropometric, rainfall, and clinical observation data.
METHODS: Our dependent variable was the height-for-age z-score (HAZ) of children under 2 years. Our focal climatic measure was mean rainfall deviation (MRD), calculated as the mean of the difference between 30-year monthly household-level rainfall means and the corresponding months for each child from conception to data collection. QoNA was based on the weight, height, general paleness and oedema assessment. We used a mixed-effect multilevel model and analysed heterogeneity by sex and socio-economic status.
RESULTS: Among 5027 young (3-23 months) children (mean age 12 ± 6 months), 21% were stunted (HAZ ≤ -2). The mean MRD was 11 ± 4 mm, and the mean QoNA was 2.86 ± 0.99. The proportion of children in low, medium, and high QoNA areas was 10%, 54%, and 36%, respectively. HAZ showed a negative correlation with MRD. Higher QoNA lowered the negative effect of MRD on HAZ (β = 0.017, P = 0.003, confidence interval = [0.006, 0.029]). Males and children from poor households benefited less from the moderating effect of QoNA.
CONCLUSION: Improving the quality of nutrition assessments can supplement existing efforts to reduce the adverse effects of climate change on children's nutritional well-being.
PURPOSE:To obtain a calcium hydrogenphosphate good in bondability, increased in oil absorption and specific surface area and capable of being conveniently used as an excipient by allowing phosphoric acid to react with an alkaline Ca compd. or allowing an alkali metal phosphate to react with a Ca compd. to obtain a columnar calcium hydrogenphosphate which is hydrothermally treated. CONSTITUTION:This calcium hydrogenphosphate has 20-60m<2>/g specific surface area, >=5ml/g static bulk volume and >=1.5ml/g oil absorption. The average diameter of the primary particles measured by the electron microscope is 0.1-5mum and that of the aggregated second particles is 2-10mum. The salt is scaly and expressed by CaHPO4.mH2O (where 0<=m<=0.5). The salt is obtained by the traction of phosphoric acid with an alkaline Ca compd. or the reaction of an alkali metal phosphate with a Ca compd. in the presence of a polyvalent org. acid such as citric acid capable of being coordinated in an aq. medium to obtain a columnar calcium hydrogenphosphate which is hydrothermally treated at >=60 deg.C.