anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Retained hemothorax (rHTX) requiring intervention occurs in up to 20% of patients who undergo chest tube (TT) placement for a hemothorax (HTX). Thoracic irrigation at the time of TT placement decreases the need for secondary intervention in this patient group but those findings are limited because of the single-center design. A multicenter study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of thoracic irrigation.
METHODS: A multicenter, prospective, observational study was conducted between June 2018 and July 2023. Eleven sites contributed patients. Patients were included if they had a TT placed for a HTX and were excluded if: younger than 18 years, TT for pneumothorax, thoracotomy or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery performed within 6 hours of TT, TT >24 hours after injury, TT removed <24 hours, or death within 48 hours. Thoracic irrigation was performed at the discretion of the attending. Each hemithorax was considered separately if bilateral HTX. The primary outcome was secondary intervention for HTX-related complications (rHTX, effusion, or empyema). Secondary intervention was defined as: TT placement, instillation of thrombolytics, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, or thoracotomy. Irrigated and nonirrigated hemithoraces were compared using a propensity weighted analysis with age, sex, mechanism of injury, Abbreviated Injury Scale chest, and TT size as predictors.
RESULTS: Four hundred ninety-three patients with 462 treated hemothoraces were included, 123 (25%) had thoracic irrigation at TT placement. There were no significant demographic differences between the cohorts. Fifty-seven secondary interventions were performed, 10 (8%) and 47 (13%) in the irrigated and non-irrigated groups, respectively ( p = 0.015). Propensity weighted analysis demonstrated a reduction in secondary interventions in the irrigated cohort (odds ratio, 0.56 (0.34-0.85); p = 0.005).
CONCLUSION: This Western Trauma Association multicenter study demonstrates a benefit of thoracic irrigation at the time of TT placement for a HTX. Thoracic irrigation reduces the odds of a secondary intervention for rHTX-related complications by 44%.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic/Care Management; Level II.
Osteoarthritis (OA) commonly results in compromised mobility and disability, thereby imposing a significant burden on healthcare systems. Cartilage injury is a prevalent pathological manifestation in OA and constitutes a central focus for the development of treatment strategies. Despite the considerable number of studies aimed at delaying this degenerative process, their outcomes remain unvalidated in preclinical settings. Recently, therapeutic strategies focused on angiogenesis have attracted the growing interest from researchers. Thus, we conducted a comprehensive literature review to elucidate the current progress in research and pinpoint research gaps in this domain. Additionally, it provides theoretical guidance for future research endeavors and the development of treatment strategies.
Surgical site infections (SSIs) following major lower limb amputation (MLLA) in vascular patients are a major source of morbidity. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the incidence of SSI following MLLA in vascular patients. This review was prospectively registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42023460645). Databases were searched without date restriction using a pre-defined search strategy. The search identified 1427 articles. Four RCTs and 21 observational studies, reporting on 50 370 MLLAs, were included. Overall SSI incidence per MLLA incision was 7.2% (3628/50370). The incidence of SSI in patients undergoing through-knee amputation (12.9%) and below-knee amputation (7.5%) was higher than the incidence of SSI in patients undergoing above-knee amputation, (3.9%), p < 0.001. The incidence of SSI in studies focusing on patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD), diabetes or including patients with both was 8.9%, 6.8% and 7.2%, respectively. SSI is a common complication following MLLA in vascular patients. There is a higher incidence of SSI associated with more distal amputation levels. The reported SSI incidence is similar between patients with underlying PAD and diabetes. Further studies are needed to understand the exact incidence of SSI in vascular patients and the factors which influence this.
The investigators aim to include 14 participants. Each participant will undergo a single HD study session in the PET center of the UMCG. During this study session, each participant will undergo three gated \[15O\]H2O PET-CT scans before, during (after 20 minutes) and at the end of the HD session. NIRS will be used to measure cerebral tissue regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) during the HD study session. INVOS (In Vivo Optical Spectroscopy), a monitoring device, will be used to measure rSO2, with sensors placed bilaterally on the patient forehead. Participants will further undergo a MRI scan of the brain, bilateral carotid artery duplex echosonography, cognitive testing, blood pressure and heart rate measurements during the HD study session, and laboratory measurements during the HD study session.
Upper arm body contouring is designed to remove excess skin and/or fatty tissue from the upper arms. Cosmetic procedures are growing in prevalence, upper arm body contouring procedures increased 4059% from 2000 to 2008, and in 2009, just over 16,100 upper arm lifts were performed in the United States (U.S.). Currently available procedures to reduce upper arm circumference include brachioplasty (arm lift), a surgical procedure to remove excess skin and fatty tissue from the upper arm; liposuction of localized fatty deposits in the upper arm; and diet and exercise to reduce excess body fat. Both brachioplasty and liposuction are surgical procedures with risks and potential complications including trauma; fluid accumulation requiring drainage; injury to the skin; infection; permanent scars; and complications from anesthesia. Low level laser light therapy offers a safe, non-invasive and essentially risk-free alternative to reducing upper arm circumference.

The device being evaluated for the reduction of upper arm circumference, the Erchonia ML Scanner (MLS) is cleared by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under K082609 for "... use as a non-invasive dermatological aesthetic treatment for the reduction of circumference of hips, waist, and thighs." Furthermore, FDA identifies this generic type of device as: "A Low Level Laser System for Aesthetic Use is a device using low level laser energy for the disruption of adipocyte cells within the fat layer for the release of fat and lipids from these cells for non-invasive aesthetic use." Therefore, the biochemical effect of the Erchonia® MLS low level laser light therapy device stimulates the mitochondria of the adipocyte cells which in turn increases the production of Adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP). The newly synthesized ATP triggers the up-regulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). cAMP has been shown to stimulate cytoplasmic lipase, triggering the conversion of triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol that can easily pass through the cell membrane. The transitory pore is evidence that the laser is allowing for the movement of fatty acids, glycerol, and triglycerides to pass across the membrane and into extra-cellular space. Through vasodilation of nearby blood vessels and arteries, oxidization of the triglycerides and fatty acids occurs within the extra-cellular space.
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) represents a severe and progressive manifestation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia marked by an uncertain etiology along with an unfavorable prognosis. Osteoglycin (OGN), belonging to the small leucine-rich proteoglycans family, assumes pivotal functions in both tissue formation and damage response. However, the roles and potential mechanisms of OGN in the context of lung fibrosis remain unexplored.
METHODS: The assessment of OGN expression levels in fibrotic lungs was conducted across various experimental lung fibrosis mouse models. To elucidate the effects of OGN on the differentiation of lung myofibroblasts, both OGN knockdown and OGN overexpression were employed in vitro. The expression of integrin αv, along with its colocalization with lysosomes and latency-associated peptide (LAP), was monitored in OGN-knockdown lung myofibroblasts. Furthermore, the role of OGN in lung fibrosis was investigated through OGN knockdown utilizing adeno-related virus serotype 6 (AAV6)-mediated delivery.
RESULTS: OGN exhibited upregulation in both lungs and myofibroblasts across diverse lung fibrosis mouse models. And laboratory experiments in vitro demonstrated that OGN knockdown inhibited the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in lung myofibroblasts. Conversely, OGN overexpression promoted TGF-β/Smad pathway in these cells. Mechanistic insights revealed that OGN knockdown facilitated lysosome-mediated degradation of integrin αv while inhibiting its binding to latency-associated peptide (LAP). Remarkably, AAV6-targeted OGN knockdown ameliorated the extent of lung fibrosis in experimental mouse models.
CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that inhibiting OGN signaling could serve as a promising therapeutic way for lung fibrosis.
Terbutaline sulfate injection is a beta-adrenergic receptor agonist. In vitro and in vivo pharmacologic studies have demonstrated that terbutaline exerts a preferential effect on beta2-adrenergic receptors. While it is recognized that beta2-adrenergic receptors are the predominant receptors in bronchial smooth muscle, data indicate that there is a population of beta2-receptors in the human heart, existing in a concentration between 10% to 50%. The precise function of these receptors has not been established (see WARNINGS). Controlled clinical studies in patients given terbutaline subcutaneously have not revealed a preferential beta2-adrenergic effect.

The pharmacologic effects of beta-adrenergic agonists, including terbutaline, are at least in part attributable to stimulation through beta-adrenergic receptors of intracellular adenyl cyclase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Increased cAMP levels are associated with relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and inhibition of release of mediators of immediate hypersensitivity from cells, especially from mast cells.

Controlled clinical studies have shown that terbutaline sulfate injection relieves bronchospasm in acute and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by significantly increasing pulmonary flow rates (e.g., an increase of 15% or more in FEV1). After subcutaneous administration of 0.25 mg of terbutaline sulfate injection, a measurable change in expiratory flow rate usually occurs within 5 minutes, and a clinically significant increase in FEV1 occurs within 15 minutes. The maximum effect usually occurs within 30 to 60 minutes, and clinically significant bronchodilator activity may continue for 1.5 to 4 hours. The duration of clinically significant improvement is comparable to that observed with equimilligram doses of epinephrine.
The present invention relates to a self-emulsifying liquid treatment cosmetic composition. According to the present invention, the self-emulsifying liquid treatment cosmetic composition, as a self-emulsifying treatment, is transformed into a cream with high viscosity when coming into contact with substances containing moisture to increase adhesion to the hair, the scalp, and the skin. At the same time, heat is generated so that blood circulation in the scalp and skin is promoted to increase the absorption rate of conditioning ingredients in the hair, thereby providing softness and smoothness. Moreover, since the composition does not use low-grade alcohol with high volatility, the smell of alcohol giving unpleasantness when used is removed and irritation to the skin is reduced. In addition, since the composition does not use silicone or a silicone emulsion remaining and accumulated on the hair, the scalp, and the skin, there is no feeling of deterioration or stickiness when used continuously, thereby being useful for hair, scalp and skin care. The composition comprises: 30 to 70% by weight of a polyols and polyol polymer; 1 to 40% by weight of fatty alcohol; C13-15 Alkane 10 to 30% by weight; and 0.01 to 5% by weight of a cationic surfactant.
The invention belongs to the field of medicinal preparations, and relates to a novel beta 2-adrenoreceptor agonist salbutamol and a powder inhalation of hydrochloride thereof, a preparation method thereof, and application of the powder inhalation in preparation of medicaments for treating asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The invention comprises a salbutamol inhalation powder aerosol as an active ingredient and a carrier subjected to surface modification. Wherein the weight percentage of each component is as follows: 0.05-0.25% of active ingredient, 99.75-99.95% of carrier with modified surface. The surface modified carrier is as follows: one or more of magnesium stearate, lactose or leucine micropowder is/are used as a surface modifier, and one or more of lactose, mannitol or leucine is/are used as a carrier. The surface modifier of the invention is added to exert the surface modification effect on the carrier, improve the aerodynamic property of the final aerosol and facilitate better deposition of drug particles in the lung. Improves the fluidity of the powder spray, is convenient for filling, reduces the hygroscopicity of the medicine and is convenient for storage.
1\. Anticoagulants: C-17 substituted derivatives of testosterone, such as methandrostenolone, have been reported to decrease the anticoagulant requirements of  
patients receiving oral anticoagulants. Patients receiving oral anticoagulant therapy require close monitoring, especially when androgens are started or stopped.   
2\. Oxyphenbutazone: Concurrent administration of oxyphenbutazone and androgens may result in elevated serum levels of oxyphenbutazone.   
3\. Insulin: In diabetic patients the metabolic effects of androgens may decrease blood glucose and insulin requirements.
Neuropeptide FF (NPFF) is an octapeptide that regulates various cellular processes, especially pain perception. Recently, there has been a growing interest in understanding the modulation of NPFF in neuroendocrine inflammation. This review aims to provide a thorough overview of the regulation of NPFF in macrophage-mediated biological processes. We delve into the impact of NPFF on macrophage polarization, self-renewal modulation, and the promotion of mitophagy, facilitating the transition from thermogenic fat to fat-storing adipose tissue. Additionally, we explore the NPFF-dependent regulation of the inflammatory response mediated by macrophages, its impact on the differentiation of macrophages, and its capacity to induce alterations in the transcriptome of macrophages. We also address the potential of NPFF as a therapeutic molecule in the field of neuroendocrine inflammation. Overall, our work offers an understanding of the influence of NPFF on macrophage, facilitating the exploration of its pharmacological significance in future studies.
This study will be conducted as a double-blind, randomized, 6-month clinical trial to test the efficacy of systemic valacyclovir to prevent further progression of severe periodontitis. Subjects with at least 4 deep vertical periodontal lesions (\> 4 mm loss of clinical attachment level) showing no radiographic crestal alveolar lamina dura will be randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. Patients (N=20) in the valacyclovir group will be received, at baseline, periodontal scaling + valacyclovir (500 mg, 3 times a day for 3 days) ("Valacyclovir" group).

Patients (N=20) in the control group will be received, at baseline, periodontal scaling + placebo medication, three times a day for 3 days ("Control" group). All patients in both treatment groups will be evaluated for the status of their periodontal disease after 3 months by assessing clinical attachment level changes, periodontal pocket depth, and gingival bleeding on probing. Patients showing one or more periodontal site(s) with ongoing clinical attachment level loss of 2 mm or more will be exited from the study and receive conventional periodontal treatment such as systemic antibiotics or surgery. Patients demonstrating no additional clinical attachment level loss will remain in the study for another 3 months, after which a final assessment of the periodontal status will be performed as described above. All patients will then be referred for conventional periodontal treatment. Using a random number generator, patients will be assigned to a study group and given an undifferentiable, opaque Manila packet containing valacyclovir or placebo medication as well as written instructions. Oral hygiene instructions will be given to all subjects at baseline by a dental hygienist. Follow-up oral hygiene evaluation and instruction and dental plaque recording will be performed at 3- and 6-months post baseline treatment by a dental hygienist. Study patients will be provided with one 8 oz toothpaste (Regular Colgate) and a soft toothbrush (Oral-B Soft). Patients will need to sign informed consent before enrollment into the study. Patients are free to discontinue the study at any time for any or for no reason. A periodontist who is blinded to the baseline valacyclovir/placebo treatment will perform the clinical and radiographic diagnostic procedures. Clinical examinations, carried out at baseline and at 3-and 6-month post-baseline treatment, will include a whole-mouth measurement of clinical attachment loss level, periodontal pocket depth, plaque index and degree of gingivitis (bleeding on probing). Radiographic evaluation of alveolar bone level and appearance (presence or absence of radiographic crestal alveolar lamina dura) will be performed at baseline and at 6- month post-treatment. The Mann-Whitney statistical tests will assess the outcome data. A manageable patient sample size of 40 is estimated to detect, with a power of 80% and a type I error of 0.05, a difference in periodontal outcome between the valacyclovir and the placebo group. A statistician will analyze the data.
BACKGROUND: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been reported to induce neurogenesis and angiogenesis. As increased neural activity can induce a hemodynamic response, we investigated the effect of rTMS on perfusion in patients with middle cerebral artery steno-occlusion.
METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded end-point, pilot study. Patients were divided into two groups (rTMS intervention and non-intervention) which were both administered antiplatelet drugs to treat vascular steno-occlusion. In the intervention group, additional rTMS was performed on the area with stenosis and obstruction. Perfusion rates were compared using single-photon emission computed tomography / computed tomography (SPECT/CT).
RESULTS: From June 2020 to May 2022, 16 patients were subjected to 1:1 randomization. Using the standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr) to quantify perfusion in the affected brain region, the corresponding SPECT/CT values before and after rTMS were obtained. Imaging analysis was compared between eight and seven patients in the rTMS and control groups, respectively. Based on the comparison between the target and ipsilateral cerebellum SUVmeans, four patients had a ≥ 20% increase in SUVr in the rTMS group and none in the control group. Changes in SUVr were significantly different between the initial and follow-up SPECT/CT in the rTMS group (p = 0.033); no significant difference was observed in the control group (p = 0.481).
CONCLUSION: We observed a significant improvement in perfusion in the stimulation group in a perfusion test performed between 6 and 12 months after rTMS stimulation in stroke patients with steno-occlusion of the middle cerebral artery.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for delivering nucleic acid into cells.  <P>SOLUTION: A preparation of microparticles prepared from a polymeric matrix, a nucleic acid expression vector and a lipid is provided. The polymeric matrix includes one or a plurality of synthetic polymers having about <1 mg/l solubility in water. At least 90% of the microparticles has a diameter less than about 100 microns. The nucleic acid is either RNA at least 50% of which is in the form of closed rings or circular DNA plasmid molecules at least 50% of which is supercoiled.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
Before admission the spouse-patient dyads will take part in an interview with the case manager assessing the spouses' needs during admission through an individual care plan. During admission the case manager will follow-up and assess the goals and actions of the individual care plan and coordinate with other health professionals. During the discharge meeting the case manager will provide additional information to the spouse according to needs assessed in the care plan. After discharge the case manager will conduct a follow-up telephone call for the spouse 3-4 days and 10 days after the patient's discharge consisting of information similar to that provided at the discharge meeting.
Patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) commonly experience extrahepatic rheumatic diseases. However, the epidemiologic and genetic associations as well as causal relationship between PBC and these extrahepatic conditions remain undetermined. In this study, we first conducted systematic review and meta-analyses by analyzing 73 studies comprising 334,963 participants across 17 countries and found strong phenotypic associations between PBC and rheumatic diseases. Next, we utilized large-scale genome-wide association study summary data to define the shared genetic architecture between PBC and rheumatic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc) and Sjögren's syndrome (SS). We observed significant genetic correlations between PBC and each of the four rheumatic diseases. Pleiotropy and heritability enrichment analysis suggested the involvement of humoral immunity and interferon-associated processes for the comorbidity. Of note, we identified four variants shared between PBC and RA (rs80200208), SLE (rs9843053), and SSc (rs27524, rs3873182) using cross-trait meta-analysis. Additionally, several pleotropic loci for PBC and rheumatic diseases were found to share causal variants with gut microbes possessing immunoregulatory functions. Finally, Mendelian randomization revealed consistent evidence for a causal effect of PBC on RA, SLE, SSc, and SS, but no or inconsistent evidence for a causal effect of extrahepatic rheumatic diseases on PBC. Our study reveals a profound genetic overlap and causal relationships between PBC and extrahepatic rheumatic diseases, thus providing insights into shared biological mechanisms and novel therapeutic interventions.
This study aimed to investigate the association between cardiac valve calcification and 1-year mortality in diabetic patients after lower-extremity amputation. The investigator recruited consecutive patients who were admitted to the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital for diabetic foot ulcers that needed amputation surgery. Clinical characteristics of each patient and the laboratory examination were collected before surgery. Cardiac valve calcification was assessed at baseline. This study obtained the survival status of patients within one year through outpatient follow-up and telephone follow-up. Researchers compared the survival group to the mortality group to see if the mortality group had a higher prevalence of heart valve calcification.