anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, immune mediated demyelinating illness of the central nervous system. This study looks at various comorbidities associated with MS, focusing on their impact on disease progression. Understanding comorbidities in MS is important as it can impact treatment selection and overall disease management and prognosis.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Our aim is to show the prevalence of comorbidities along with MS. This research focuses on the comorbidities associated with MS and their impact on disease progression in the Arab Gulf region, with a special emphasis on Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective record review was conducted from July 2022 to July 2023. The study included 286 patients, selected based on a definitive MS diagnosis in accordance with McDonald's 2017 criteria. Data collected included demographic information, MS type, duration of diagnosis, type of disease modifying therapy (DMT) used, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, and type of comorbidities.
RESULTS: The majority of the patients were female (70%) with an average age of 36 years. Most patients had relapsing remitting MS, and the majority were on DMTs, with fingolimod being the most common. Nearly half of the patients had comorbidities, with mood disorders, diabetes mellitus (DM), migraine, and hypertension (HTN) being prevalent. A significant positive association was found between the EDSS scores and both DM and HTN, but there was no significant link with migraine.
CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that individuals with MS have an increased risk of developing comorbidities such as migraine, DM, and HTN. Emphasizing a healthy lifestyle could potentially reduce the incidence of DM and HTN and their related vascular complications. The research also notes the prevalence of mood disorders among the MS population, although it remains inconclusive whether these are separate comorbid conditions or inherent symptoms of MS.
All participants will receive a T380A copper intrauterine device when enrolled. They can continue using the device for as long as they wish. The study will be completed when 6 months of prospective bleeding data has been collected.
Methods, compositions, and systems for treating various cancers are disclosed. The disclosed compositions may include a polypeptide with affinity for a CD99 cell surface protein. Disclosed polypeptides may comprise a sequence selected from GYYMH, RINPYTGATTYNQIFKD, YYYGNNYNVYLDY, SASQGISNYLS, YTSTLHS, and QQYSNLPWT, and may include mouse, human, or humanized peptide sequences. In many embodiments, the polypeptides may be immunoglobulins, for example IgG3 or IgG4. The disclosed polypeptides may be administered to a subject having a cancer cell with elevated expression of CD99. In some embodiments, the subject may be suffering from cancer, including diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), Ewing Sarcoma, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), ependymoma, or neuroblastoma. Treatment methods include administering the disclosed polypeptides to a subject that may also be treated with radiation. Disclosed herein are systems for treating one or more cancers. The systems may comprise a radiation source, for example a medical fractionated radiation source.
BACKGROUND: Postsurgical gastroparesis, resulting from surgical interventions on the stomach or vagal nerve injury, poses significant clinical challenges with patients presenting symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Although gastric electrical stimulation (GES) offers potential relief, its efficacy in refractory postsurgical gastroparesis requires further examination. This study evaluated the clinical response to GES in patients with refractory postsurgical gastroparesis.
METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted across 2 study sites, involving 185 patients with drug-refractory postsurgical gastroparesis who underwent both temporary and permanent GES placements. Patients were categorized based on their surgical history: bariatric surgery, Nissen fundoplication, and others. The impact of GES was evaluated using Food and Drug Administration-compliant patient-reported outcomes scores and other relevant clinical metrics at baseline, after temporary GES placement, and 6 months after permanent GES placement. All 3 groups were also analyzed by the symptom improved group vs the unimproved group at baseline and 6 months after GES placement.
RESULTS: After GES implantation, all patient groups significantly improved upper gastrointestinal symptoms. The bariatric surgery group and Nissen fundoplication group specifically identified anorexia as the most severe symptom after GES after temporary GES placement among 3 groups (2.5 [0.4-3.5] and 1.5 [0.0-2.5], respectively). Nissen fundoplication patients had the highest score of anorexia among the 3 groups 6 months after GES (3.0 [2.0-3.5], P = .018). Despite these improvements, GES did not enhance gastric emptying test results. Symptomatic improvements were notably significant in patients who initially reported higher symptom severity than those who did not.
CONCLUSION: GES shows promise in alleviating symptoms of refractory postsurgical gastroparesis, particularly in those with severe initial symptoms. However, its impact on gastric emptying remains inconclusive. Further research is needed to establish GES as a standard treatment for postsurgical gastroparesis.
The present invention relates to the use of asafetida extract in the preparation of medicine for abstinence of drugs. The present invention further relates to a method for abstinence of drugs, which comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of asafetida extract to subjects. The asafetida extract according to the present invention may be extracted from factice resin of  Ferula sinkiangensis  K.M. Shen or  Ferula fukanensis  K.M. Shen, and consists essentially of α-pinene, α-terpinene, 2-borneol, terpin-4-ol, D-fenchyl alcohol, pinocarveol, β-ocimene A, β-ocimene B, di-sec-butyl disulfide, sec-butyl-trans-1-butenyl disulfide, sec-butyl-cis-propenyl disulfide, sec-butyl-cis-1-butenyl disulfide, sec-butyl-trans-2-butenyl disulfide and thio-sec-butyl-trans-methylethenyl disulfide. The asafetida extract according to the present invention may also be extracted from factice resin of  F. assafoetida  L from Iran, Afghanistan and the like, and consists essentially of α-pinene, 2-borneol, terpin-4-ol, D-fenchyl alcohol, pinocarveol, dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, methylpropenyl disulfide, 2,2-dimethylthiopropane, 1,2-diethylthiopropane, N,N-dimethylthioformamide and propenylbutyl disulfide. The medicine for abstinence of drugs prepared with asafetida extract according to the present invention is suitable for the use in the abstinence treatment of subjects addicted to opioid, morphine, marijuana, diamorphine and the like.
Probiotic supplementation has been identified as a potential target to reduce inflammatory mediators associated with obesity. Therefore, this study assessed the effect of probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LB1.5 on anxiety-like behavior, gene expression in the prefrontal cortex, and neuroinflammation in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of male mice fed a high-fat diet. Mice aged 21 days were divided into four groups: control (CONT), control plus probiotic (CONT + PROB), high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet plus probiotic (HFD + PROB), and fed for 13 weeks. The probiotic Lact. rhamnosus 1.5 (3.1 × 108 CFU/mL, derived from raw buffalo milk) was administered by gavage three times a week. Probiotic supplementation provided an anxiolytic effect in CONT and HFD. The IL-6 showed lower levels after probiotic supplementation in the HFD. Regarding immunoreactivity for GFAP in the cerebral cortex, we demonstrated that animals HFD-fed had a reduction in cells number compared to CONT. In the hippocampus, we found an interaction between diet and supplementation, as well as an effect of probiotic supplementation. A higher number of Th positive cells was observed in the cerebral cortex in mice fed HFD. Lact. rhamnosus LB1.5 supplementation decreased serum IL-6 levels in HFD-fed mice and promoted a reduction in anxiety-like behavior.
The invention discloses a pharmaceutical composition, a preparation method, a preparation, and applications thereof. The pharmaceutical composition is composed of whole plant of balanophora involucrata, root of kudzu vine, and phyllanthus emblica according to a weight ratio of 0.5-1.5:0.5-1.5:0.5-1.5. The preparation method comprises steps of pretreatment, coarse grinding, ultrafine grinding, and mixing. The preparation is prepared by adding pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials into the pharmaceutical composition and making the mixture into powder, tablets, particles, capsules, drop pills, or honeyed pills. The provided pharmaceutical composition can be used to prepare drugs and healthcare food for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver. The provided pharmaceutical composition is prepared according to a precisely designed formula. The ingredients are compounded according to the physical properties, chemical properties, and active ingredients of traditional Chinese herbals so as to achieve the alcoholism relieving and liver protecting effects. The pharmaceutical composition also has the characteristics of high biological utilization rate, quick dissolution of active components, good drug absorption effect, and little side effect.
Electroacupuncture intervention will take about 45 minutes every time. For experimental group, acupuncture points are mainly in the head, limbs and abdomen, and a total of six pairs of electric acupuncture for head. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) serves as the primary outcome. Digit span test will be the secondary outcome for attentional function and working memory. In addition, EORTCQLQ-C30 will be used to examine the quality of life of elderly cancer patients. Functional changes and side eﬀects associated with therapies will be measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT). Most items of these functional assessments are 5-point Likert scale questions. Functional items which would be rated as "3" (quite a bit) or higher and incidences would be signiﬁcantly diﬀerent between the two groups in any assessment point will be extracted for statistical analysis.
Increasing evidences have found that the interactions between hypoxia, immune response and metabolism status in tumour microenvironment (TME) have clinical importance of predicting clinical outcomes and therapeutic efficacy. This study aimed to develop a reliable molecular stratification based on these key components of TME. The TCGA data set (training cohort) and two independent cohorts from CGGA database (validation cohort) were enrolled in this study. First, the enrichment score of 277 TME-related signalling pathways was calculated by gene set variation analysis (GSVA). Then, consensus clustering identified four stable and reproducible subtypes (AFM, CSS, HIS and GLU) based on TME-related signalling pathways, which were characterized by differences in hypoxia and immune responses, metabolism status, somatic alterations and clinical outcomes. Among the four subtypes, HIS subtype had features of immunosuppression, oxygen deprivation and active energy metabolism, resulting in a worst prognosis. Thus, for better clinical application of this acquired stratification, we constructed a risk signature by using the LASSO regression model to identify patients in HIS subtype accurately. We found that the risk signature could accurately screen out the patients in HIS subtype and had important reference value for individualized treatment of glioma patients. In brief, the definition of the TME-related subtypes was a valuable tool for risk stratification in gliomas. It might serve as a reliable prognostic classifier and provide rational design of individualized treatment, and follow-up scheduling for patients with gliomas.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an aerosol product and a method for discharging, with which a part of slightly foamed foam becomes a frozen soft sleet state when the aerosol product is discharged, and a refreshing and comfortable sense of use is given when a discharged material is spread over, while flows hardly comes down from a spraying surface and a cooling effect can easily be maintained and effective application to the skin is possible without scattering during discharge.  <P>SOLUTION: The aerosol product is packed with an aerosol composition composed of an aqueous stock solution containing a water-soluble polymer and a surfactant and a liquefied gas, in which the aqueous stock solution and the liquefied gas are emulsified. The mixing ratio of the aqueous stock solution to the liquefied gas is 50/50-10/90. In the aerosol product, a spray member to be attached to an aerosol vessel is equipped with an expansion chamber between a spray pathway and a discharge opening. The method for discharging an aerosol product includes a process in which during spray, the aerosol composition is passed through the spray pathway and at least a part of the liquefied gas emulsified with the aqueous stock solution is vaporized in the expansion chamber and (2) a process in which the aerosol composition cooled by the vaporization of the liquefied gas is discharged from the discharge opening.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Patients receive an initial loading dose of trastuzumab IV over 90 minutes on day 1 of the first week and a maintenance dose of trastuzumab IV over 30-90 minutes on day 1 of each subsequent week. Patients receive IL-12 IV on days 2 and 5 beginning on week 3. Treatment with maintenance trastuzumab and IL-12 repeats weekly for 14 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with stable or responding disease continue treatment for up to 38 additional weeks.
The maximum tolerated dose intervention will be updated when it is determined. It will be one of four doses: 0.75x10\^6 cells/kg, 1x10\^6 cells/kg, 2.5x10\^6 cells/kg or 5x10\^6 cells/kg.
Controlled clinical studies of metformin hydrochloride tablets, USP did not include sufficient numbers of elderly patients to determine whether they respond differently from younger patients, although other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. Metformin is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney and because the risk of serious adverse reactions to the drug is greater in patients with impaired renal function, it should only be used in patients with normal renal function (see , and ). Because aging is associated with reduced renal function, metformin should be used with caution as age increases. Care should be taken in dose selection and should be based on careful and regular monitoring of renal function. Generally, elderly patients should not be titrated to the maximum dose of metformin (see also and ). CONTRAINDICATIONSWARNINGS,CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: PharmacokineticsWARNINGSDOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
The control group will receive standard antiemetics alone. Standard antiemetics for all groups are based on American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline. 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 (5-HT3) antagonist (Ramosetron , Tropisetron)and dexamethasone are supplied from the first day of chemtherapy,and lasting for 3-5days. If nausea and/or vomiting is persistent and failed to respond to the antiemetic treatment , based on the experience of each clinician, the other advanced 5-HT3 antagonist or a neurokinin 1 antagonist(NK-1) will be chosen.
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) screening was incorporated into an abdominal aortic aneurysm screening (AAA) program for New Zealand (NZ) Māori.
METHODS: AF screening was performed as an adjunct to AAA screening of Māori men aged 60-74 years and women aged 65-74 years registered with primary health care practices in Auckland, NZ. Pre-existing AF was determined through coded diagnoses or medications in the participant's primary care record. Subsequent audit of the record assessed accuracy of pre-screening coding, medication use and clinical follow-up.
RESULTS: Among 1,933 people successfully screened, the prevalence of AF was 144 (7.4%), of which 46 (2.4% of the cohort) were patients without AF coded in the medical record. More than half of these were revealed to be known AF but that was not coded. Thus, the true prevalence of newly detected AF was 1.1% (n=21). An additional 48 (2.5%) of the cohort had been coded as AF but were not in AF at the time of screening. Among the 19 at-risk screen-detected people with AF, 10 started appropriate anticoagulation therapy within 6 months. Of the nine patients who did not commence anticoagulation therapy, five had a subsequent adverse clinical outcome in the follow-up period, including one with ischaemic stroke; two had contraindications to anticoagulants. Among those with previously diagnosed AF, the proportion receiving anticoagulation therapy rose from 57% pre-screening to 83% at 6 months post-screening (p<0.0001); among newly diagnosed AF the proportion rose from 0% to 53% (p<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: AF screening is a feasible low-cost adjunct to AAA screening with potential to reduce ethnic inequities in stroke incidence. However, effective measures are needed to ensure that high-risk newly diagnosed AF is managed according to best practice guidelines.
Incident patients receiving a kidney transplant for end stage kidney disease. Patients will undergo functional magnetic resonance imaging at 2 months, 6 months and 12 months following transplantation.
The purpose of this study is to assess prospectively the efficacy of hydroxyurea therapy in the setting of cerebrovascular disease, manifest as conditional or abnormal transcranial doppler ultrasonography (TCD) flow velocities, in children with sickle cell anemia (SCA). TCD is used to measure flow velocity in intracranial arteries as a marker of increased stroke risk in children with SCA. The primary objective of this protocol is to determine whether hydroxyurea reduces elevated TCD velocity.

The STOP (Stroke Prevention in Sickle Cell Anemia) trial, a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial for primary stroke demonstrated that monthly blood transfusions, when compared to observation alone, significantly reduced the risk of primary stroke for children with SCA whose TCD velocity exceeded 200 cm/sec. Despite the STOP trial's clear results, there are unresolved issues regarding TCD and stroke risk in children with SCA. First, the predictive value of an abnormal result is not compelling since less than a third of children with an abnormal TCD velocity and even fewer with conditional results will ever develop a clinical stroke. There is also discordance between TCD and MRI results. Only 40% of children with abnormal TCD velocity will have abnormalities on brain MRI (Wang, et al. J Pediatr Hematol/Oncol 2000;22(4):335-339, Pegelow, et al. Arch Neurol 2001;58:2017-2021). There are also well recognized risks of chronic blood transfusions, including iron overload and alloimmunization, and the necessary duration of transfusion protection for children with abnormal TCD velocity is unknown. Unfortunately, there are currently no therapeutic options besides blood transfusions for patients with SCA and an abnormal TCD velocity.

Erythrocyte transfusions and hydroxyurea have many similar beneficial effects in patients with SCA. Transfusions may prevent primary stroke by lowering the % HbS, by increasing the hematocrit, by improving red cell rheology, by decreasing red cell adhesion, and by lowering TCD velocity. Hydroxyurea leads to many of the same changes, thus in this protocol, we will examine whether hydroxyurea, like transfusions, can lower TCD velocity. In our patients with SCA who have been screened with TCD ultrasonography, we have observed that children who were screened while receiving hydroxyurea had lower TCD velocity measurements than those who were not on hydroxyurea. In a small number of patients with TCD velocity measurements before and after initiation of hydroxyurea for non-neurological reasons, the TCD velocity declined significantly after achieving full dose hydroxyurea therapy. The changes in TCD velocity were correlated with changes in hematocrit since hydroxyurea increases blood counts in patients with SCA. For each % increase in hematocrit, the TCD velocity increased by 6.3 cm/sec. This was similar to an abstract from the STOP trial, in which TCD flow velocity declined by 7.9 cm/sec for each increase in % hematocrit from transfusions.

Based on this preliminary data, we initiated this prospective, single-institution, pilot trial to determine whether hydroxyurea therapy lowers TCD flow velocity in children with sickle cell anemia.
Acetylcysteine injection is an intravenous antidote for the treatment of acetaminophen overdose. Acetylcysteine is the nonproprietary name for the N-acetyl derivative of the naturally occurring amino acid, L-cysteine (N-acetyl-L-cysteine,). The compound is a white crystalline powder, which melts in the range of 104° to 110°C and has a very slight odor. 

The molecular formula of the compound is C5H9NO3S, and its molecular weight is 163.2. Acetylcysteine has the following structural formula:

Acetylcysteine injection is supplied as a sterile solution in vials containing 20% w/v (200 mg/mL) acetylcysteine. The pH of the solution ranges from 6.0 to 7.5. Acetylcysteine injection contains the following inactive ingredients: 0.5 mg/mL edetate disodium, sodium hydroxide (used for pH adjustment), and Water for Injection, USP.
This experimental study used a repeated-measures design to examine the effect of the timing of cold application on pain and satisfaction in a sample of 60 patients who had fracture surgery. Cold was applied for 20 minutes each hour for four hours to patients assigned to the experimental group. Whereas cold was applied once to those in the control group: for 20 minutes during the first hour after surgery. Results following data analysis from repeated measurements of pain before and after cold application in both groups showed a significant difference between the groups ( p <.05). Patients' levels of satisfaction with nursing care practice were higher in the experimental group than in the control group, although not significantly ( p >.05). The pain score in the experimental group decreased significantly with each cold application. In the control group, the pretreatment pain score decreased significantly after one cold application, increasing again in 3 hours without cold application. These findings are important for nurses caring for postoperative patients and giving discharge instructions. Our findings suggest repeated cold applications for 20 minutes at hourly intervals may result in better overall pain reduction than a single cold application.