anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Empirical findings suggested that anhedonia, a reduced capability to access pleasure and a core symptom in both schizophrenia and the major depressive disorder, can be present in people with high levels of social anhedonia and people with subsyndromal depression. Few studies have adopted a multidimensional framework to investigate anhedonia in these subclinical samples. We recruited 35 participants with high social anhedonia (SA), 53 participants with subsyndromal depression (SD), 20 participants with co-occurrence of both traits (CO), and 47 participants with low levels of both traits (CN) to complete a self-report questionnaire capturing the pleasure experience, and the Monetary Incentives Delay (MID) Task and the Social Incentives Delay (SID) Task capturing the motivation of reward. Results indicated that people with SA, SD and CO exhibited lower abstract anticipatory pleasure compared to CN. Moreover, people with SD and CO exhibited specific impairment in response to social incentives. Together, our findings characterized the multidimensional features of anhedonia performances of subclinical samples with SA, SD and CO, which may contribute to the formulation of early identification of at-risk groups.
Itaconate has been found to have potent anti-inflammatory effects and is being explored as a potential treatment for inflammatory diseases. However, its ability to relieve nociception and the mechanisms behind it are not yet understood. Our research aims to investigate the nociception-relieving properties of dimethyl itaconate (DMI) in the formalin test and writhing test. In male Wistar rats, Itaconic acid was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.). The formalin test and writhing test were conducted to determine the nociceptive behaviors. The spinal cords were removed from the rats and analyzed for c-fos protein expression. The study found that administering DMI 10 and 20 mg/kg reduced nociception in formalin and writhing tests. Injection of formalin into the periphery of the body led to an increase in the expression of c-fos in the spinal cord, which was alleviated by DMI 20 mg/kg. Similarly, acetic acid injection into the peritoneal cavity caused an increase in c-fos expression in the spinal cord, which was then reduced by 20 mg/kg. According to our findings, DMI reduced nociception in rats during the formalin and writhing tests. One possible explanation for this outcome is that the decrease in c-fos protein expression may be attributed to the presence of DMI.
BACKGROUND: The burden of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in low-income countries is alarming. This study aimed to identify the bacterial etiologies and antibiotic resistance patterns among neonates in Jimma, Ethiopia.
METHODS: An observational longitudinal study was conducted among 238 presumptive neonatal sepsis cases tested with blood and/or cerebrospinal fluid culture. The bacterial etiologies were confirmed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. The antibiotic resistance patterns were determined using the automated disc diffusion method (Bio-Rad) and the results were interpreted based on the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing 2021 breakpoints. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases were detected using a double disc synergy test and confirmed by Mast discs (Mast Diagnostica GmbH).
RESULTS: A total of 152 pathogens were identified. Of these, Staphylococcus aureus (18.4%) was the predominant isolate followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.1%) and Escherichia coli (10.5%). All the isolates exhibited a high rate of resistance to first- and second-line antibiotics ranging from 73.3% for gentamicin to 93.3% for ampicillin. Furthermore, 74.4% of the Gram-negative isolates were extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers and 57.1% of S. aureus strains were methicillin resistant. The case fatality rate was 10.1% and 66.7% of the deaths were attributable to infections by multidrug-resistant pathogens.
CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed a high rate of infections with multidrug-resistant pathogens. This poses a significant challenge to the current global and national target to reduce neonatal mortality rates. To address these challenges, it is important to employ robust infection prevention practices and continuous antibiotic resistance testing to allow targeted therapy.
Somatostatin analogs are prepared wherein a cyclic hexapeptide contains a bridged grouping which replaces eight of the ring amino acids of somatostatin. The bridged cyclic hexapeptides are easier to synthesize, have a longer duration of activity, and many have a greater level of activity than somatostatin. The compounds have the properties of selectively inhibiting the release of glucagon, growth hormone and insulin. Certain of the compounds also are capable of inhibiting the release of gastric acid secretions. The compounds are particularly useful in the treatment of acromegaly, diabetes, diabetic retinopathy and peptic ulcers. These bridged cyclic hexapeptides are prepared by the solid phase method.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide calculation of energy expenditure values from an apparatus configured to be worn on an appendage of a user.SOLUTION: Step counts may be quantified by detecting arm swing peaks and bounce peaks in motion data. A search range of acceleration frequencies related to an expected activity may be established. Frequencies of acceleration data within a search range may be analyzed to identify one or more peaks, such as a bounce peak and an arm swing peak. Novel systems and methods may determine whether to utilize the arm swing data, bounce data, and/or other data or portions of data to quantify steps. The number of peaks (and types of peaks) may be used to choose a step frequency and step magnitude. At least a portion of the motion data may be classified into an activity category based upon the quantification of steps.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7A
A system and method for connecting a healthcare business to a plurality of laboratories. The system includes a client application which executes on a workstation, e.g., at a physician's office or other business. Using this application, a user may place a laboratory order (requisition) for a patient. User input specifying general requisition information is received, such as contact information for the patient, guarantor information, billing information, etc. After the requisition information has been entered, the requisition may be validated by the system. If there are errors in the information entered for the requisition, an error message may appear, and the user may be required to correct the errors. As part of performing this validation, the system may verify insurance information for the requisition, if applicable. In one embodiment, the system interfaces with a separate eligibility server to check for valid patient insurance. For example, the eligibility server may receive the patient name, social security number, and/or other identification information and use this information to check the patient's insurance status. If the patient does not have insurance coverage for the requested lab tests to be performed, the insurance information may be corrected, or other means for payment may be required. Once the requisition information has been validated, the information may be stored. The user may later use a menu option to select and electronically send the requisitions, e.g., by interfacing a middleware server which interfaces with the system for each laboratory which receives the requisitions. In another embodiment, the patient insurance information may be verified after being sent to the middleware server. The middleware server may interface with a separate eligibility server to verify the insurance information. If the insurance information is verified then the middleware server may transmit the requisition information to one or more laboratories specified in the requisition. Otherwise, the originating caregiver may be notified, and the requisition information may not be sent to the laboratories.
A deshydroxy vancomycin compound,a method of its preparation and a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically effective amount of the deshydroxy vancomycin and the use of the said composition in the preparation of drugs for the treatment of susceptible bacteria infections. The method includes the following steps: (1) A concentrated vancomycin solution used to prepare the deshydroxy vancomycin is produced by fermentation of Amycolatopsis orientalis CGMCC No. 1183. (2) An ancomycin hydrochloride straining filtrate comprising the deshydroxy vancomycin is obtained by separating and purifying the concentrated vancomycin solution bycolumn chromatography. And (3) The deshydroxy vancomycin is obtained by separating and purifying the said filtrate by chromatograph. In which, the column chromatography process is processed in a gel chromatographic column comprising salt-water mobile phase; the chromatography process is processed in a macropore polymeric adsorbent chromatographic column comprising buffer-methanol mobile phase.
Sham transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) will be applied for 20 mins. Cathode on the primary motor area (M1) and Anode on the supraorbital area of contralateral side. Current intensity will be at 2 mA (sham mode). The scope of intervention is to investigate effect of sham tDCS on muscle strength.
Sensory loss in olfaction, vision, and hearing is a risk factor for dementia, but the reasons for this are unclear. This review presents the neurobiological evidence linking each sensory modality to specific dementias and explores the potential mechanisms underlying this. Olfactory deficits can be linked to direct neuropathologic changes in the olfactory system due to Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease, and may be a marker of disease severity. Visual deficits potentially increase dementia risk in a vulnerable individual by reducing resilience to dementia. Hearing deficits may indicate a susceptibility to Alzheimer disease through a variety of mechanisms. More generally, sensory impairment could be related to factors associated with resilience against dementia. Further research is needed to tease out the specific and synergistic effects of sensory impairment. Studying sensory loss in relation to neurodegenerative biomarkers is necessary to clarify the mechanisms involved. This could produce new monitoring and management strategies for people at risk of dementia.
BACKGROUND: Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic inflammatory disease, characterized by the presence of non-caseating, epithelioid granulomas. Glomerular disease in patients with sarcoidosis is rare and membranous nephropathy (MN) is cited as the most common. The association between the two diseases remained unclear. This article reported a case of co-occurrence of sarcoidosis and anti-PLA2R-associated MN, to provide a possible relationship between these two entities.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 61-year-old Chinese Han woman with a history of sarcoidosis was admitted to our hospital for nephrotic syndrome. Her sarcoidosis was diagnosed according to the adenopathy observed on the computed tomography scan and the biopsy of lymph nodes. The MN presented with nephrotic syndrome with a PLA2R antibody titer of 357RU/ml, and the final diagnosis was based on a renal biopsy. The patient's sarcoidosis was remitted after treatment with prednisone. One year later MN was diagnosed, and she was treated with prednisone combined with calcineurin inhibitors, based on a full dose of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitor. The patient's sarcoidosis had been in remission while the MN was recurrent, and her renal function deteriorated to end-stage renal disease 6 years later due to discontinuation of immunosuppression. A genetic test led to the identification of the HLA-DRB1*0301 and HLA-DRB1*150 genes associated with both sarcoidosis and MN, which provides a new possible explanation of the co-occurrence of these two diseases.
CONCLUSION: This case suggested for the first time a potential genetic connection between idiopathic MN and sarcoidosis which needs further studies in the future.
The invention provides tissue regeneration promoting strengthening powder which is prepared by Chinese herbal medicines. The problems that in western medicine, when a wound surface which is treated is healed for a long time, the treatment course is long, and the effect is poor are solved. The powder is comprises, by weight, 120-180 parts of calcined gypsum, 80-120 parts of goldthread, 80-120 parts of golden cypress, 80-120 parts of baical skullcap root, 80-120 parts of garden burnet, 80-120 parts of rheum officinale, 60-80 parts of lithospermum, 8-12 parts of borneol, 60-80 parts of frankincense and 20-40 parts of dried alum. A preparation method of the powder includes that the raw materials are mixed uniformly according to certain proportions and ground into powder, then the mixtures are sieved through a 120-mesh sieve, and the obtained product is kept in a dark place and stored for stand-by use. The powder is used for treating wounds which are not healed for a long time, such as scalds, burns, chronic ulcer, repeated infection of trauma, arteriosclerotic occlusions and thromboangiitis obliterans. Compared with western medicine treatment method, the treatment course is short and the effect is obvious.
Infections remain a significant concern following major abdominal surgery. The prevailing notion that most surgical site infections (SSIs) after elective surgery with modern antiseptic techniques are solely caused by intraoperative contamination remains unconfirmed. Therefore, alternative mechanisms for SSI development, such as the Trojan Horse theory-which suggests that pathogens from distant sites like the gastrointestinal tract may contribute to postoperative infections-require thorough investigation. This longitudinal observational study aims to either support or challenge the Trojan Horse theory.

This study will enroll patients undergoing major abdominal surgery for confirmed or suspected cancer. Biological samples from stool, the oral cavity, and infection sites will be collected for sequencing and microbiome analysis to evaluate the presence of pathogens potentially responsible for postoperative infections originating from the gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, blood samples will be collected to identify predictive biomarkers associated with the development of postoperative infections.
The present invention describes -light source devices to provide white and blue (401-510 nm) light for the  in vivo  identification of diseased tissue using fluorescence based tissue targeting. The light source devices are configured with a variety of LED lights capable of emitting white and blue light with at least one excitation wavelength in the range from about 401 nm to about 500 nm (for example, 470 nm to 495 nm) to irradiate an  in vivo  body part of a subject containing tumor or diseased tissue. The tumor or diseased tissue has fluorophore-tagged targeting constructs attached. The fluorophores used in the targeting constructs have emission spectra greater than 515 nm. The fluorescence emanating from the fluorescent targeting construct in response to the excitation wavelength is directly viewed with long-pass filtered (515 nm) lenses and is used to determine the location and/or surface area of the diseased tissue in the subject. Fluorescence based surgical identification provides more accurate disease resection.
Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is the second most common histological type of thyroid carcinoma. This review aims to summarize the available evidence and guidelines and provide an updated consensus regarding the management of FTC. The cytoarchitectural features of FTC are similar to those of follicular adenoma (FA), and it is difficult to preoperatively distinguish between FA and FTC. For nodules with Bethesda class III-V cytology, molecular test results (if available) should be considered before the operation. However, it should be noted that molecular tests are not available in all countries. The goals of initial surgical therapy for patients with FTC are to improve overall and disease-specific survival, reduce the risk of persistent/recurrent disease and associated morbidity, and permit accurate disease staging and risk stratification while minimizing treatment-related morbidity and unnecessary therapy. Previous studies have reported some prognostic factors such as distant metastasis, age, tumor size, vascular invasion, TERT promoter mutation, and histological subtype. In particular, the degree of vascular invasion is becoming increasingly important. Evaluating these prognostic factors is essential for prognostic prediction and precise management of patients with FTC. Recurrence and distant metastasis of FTC are treated with radioactive iodine (RAI). However, some FTCs become refractory to RAI. Multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as sorafenib and lenvatinib are utilized for treating RAI-refractory FTCs. In addition, given that renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is the most common driver gene for FTC, it is also important to develop RAS inhibitors.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a probiotics product for pet animals solving the problem that, in general, although probiotics are highly useful for health including digestive effect and life-prolonging effect, most of them extinct during their production, transportation, storage and intake, and further, as they cannot survive under acidic and highly concentrated salt conditions, favorable effects inherent in living bacteria are not maximally elicited finally at present.  <P>SOLUTION: Probiotics are encapsulated in the form of microcapsules using a polymeric mixture of xanthan and chitosan. Thereby, the viability of the probiotics can be enhanced under severe circumstances. As their stability also vary by changing weight ratio and pH conditions, it is important that the probiotics be produced under specific conditions. When Pediococcus acidilactici as lactobacillus and Saccharomyces boulardii as yeast fungus are used as lactobacillus for pet animals, digestive tract-related diseases can be ameliorated, particularly having effects leading to appetite promotion, diarrhea reduction, loose stool reduction and vomiting reduction.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Formulations are provided which contain at least one micelle forming monoacyl membrane lipid either alone or preferably in combination with one or more bilayer-forming diacyl membrane lipids. The compositions are characterised by the presence of an effective amount of the monoacyl component dissolved or dispersed in a hydrophilic medium in an amount effective to convert the composition into a liquid, gel or semi-solid which has the property of yielding dispersed lipid aggregates upon contact or further dilution with an aqueous medium. Particular liquid pharmaceutical compositions comprise: (a) a mixture of membrane lipids which comprises a micelle-forming lipid and preferably a bilayer-forming lipid; (b) at least one hydrophilic medium to mobilise the lipids; and optionally (c) a biologically active compound. Other compositions comprise water in an amount which is effective to hydrate the lipid mixture, and a biologically active compound. The compositions may provide an efficient, effective and non-toxic carrier for compounds that have poor bioavailability, e.g. CyA.
PURPOSE: To prepare an administration form capable of releasing isradipine at a controlled speed over a prolonged period by receiving a layer containing the isradipine and PEO having a specific mol.wt. and a layer containing PEO having a high mol.wt. in an inner chamber surrounded with a semi-permeable wall having a passageway. CONSTITUTION: A first layer 16 containing a dose (usually 2-30wt.%) of isradipine and polyethylene oxide(PEO) 19 having a mol.wt. of approximately 200000 and a second layer 17 containing PEO 21 having a mol.wt. of approximately 5000000-7800000 and, if necessary, a solute 22 acting on permeability are received in an inner camber 15 surrounded with a wall 12 at least partially containing a composition which is permeable for the passage of outer fluids existing in an employment environment but impermeable for the passage of the isradipine and other ingredients existing in the inner chamber 15. An exit means (passageway) 13 is disposed in the wall 12.
The invention provides a method for treating COVID-19 patients. Therapeutic antibodies of certain types of antibodies to COVID-19 are identified early by targeted diagnostic testing can be given to other COVID- 19 patients to enhance their recovery. This invention also identifies bacterial pathogens, particularly those that are resistant to antibiotics, faster. Data from deep RNA sequencing of human blood is used to create a faster diagnostic test for infections and associated antimicrobial resistance. This invention thus also allows for appropriate antibiotic treatment at an earlier time point. The invention further provides improvements to RNA sequencing that can make RNA sequencing useful for diagnostic and therapeutic methods of treating sepsis. RNA sequencing can identify bacterial pathogens directly from the blood of patients with those infections.
An antibacterial composition containing a natural plant extract is provided to enhance the antibacterial activity without bacteria resistance and improve stability. An antibacterial composition is extracted from Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum, Selaginella tamariscina, Houttuynia cordata, Phellodendron amurense, Sophora flavescens, Taraxacum platycarpum, Prunus serrulata var. spontanea (Max.) Wils, Lonicera japonica Thunb, and Pulsatilla cernua var. koreana. The composition is obtained by extracting the plants separately and mixing together. An organic solvent for extraction is ethyl alcohol.
The development and enlargement of the prostate gland is dependent on the potent androgen, 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Type II 5α-reductase metabolizes testosterone to DHT in the prostate gland, liver and skin. DHT induces androgenic effects by binding to androgen receptors in the cell nuclei of these organs.

Finasteride is a competitive and specific inhibitor of Type II 5α-reductase with which it slowly forms a stable enzyme complex. Turnover from this complex is extremely slow (t½ ~ 30 days). This has been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro. Finasteride has no affinity for the androgen receptor. In man, the 5α-reduced steroid metabolites in blood and urine are decreased after administration of finasteride.

In man, a single 5 mg oral dose of finasteride tablets USP produces a rapid reduction in serum DHT concentration, with the maximum effect observed 8 hours after the first dose. The suppression of DHT is maintained throughout the 24-hour dosing interval and with continued treatment. Daily dosing of finasteride tablets USP at 5 mg/day for up to 4 years has been shown to reduce the serum DHT concentration by approximately 70%. The median circulating level of testosterone increased by approximately 10 to 20% but remained within the physiologic range.

Adult males with genetically inherited Type II 5α-reductase deficiency also have decreased levels of DHT. Except for the associated urogenital defects present at birth, no other clinical abnormalities related to Type II 5α-reductase deficiency have been observed in these individuals. These individuals have a small prostate gland throughout life and do not develop BPH.

In patients with BPH treated with finasteride (1 to 100 mg/day) for 7 to 10 days prior to prostatectomy, an approximate 80% lower DHT content was measured in prostatic tissue removed at surgery, compared to placebo; testosterone tissue concentration was increased up to 10 times over pretreatment levels, relative to placebo. Intraprostatic content of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was also decreased.

In healthy male volunteers treated with finasteride tablets USP for 14 days, discontinuation of therapy resulted in a return of DHT levels to pretreatment levels in approximately 2 weeks. In patients treated for three months, prostate volume, which declined by approximately 20%, returned to close to baseline value after approximately three months of discontinuation of therapy.