anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention provides a solid dispersible tablet for treating peptic ulcer. The solid dispersible tablet is formed by compacting 100 parts by weight of solid dispersible granules and 1-5 parts by weight of a lubricant. Raw medicinal materials comprise, by weight, 1-3 parts of girald daphne bark, 0.3-0.6 part of anisodamine, 6-10 parts of dried ginger and 6-10 parts of sea-buckthorn. By making raw medicinal powders into a solid dispersion, bioavailability of a medicine is enhanced, and antiulcer activity is obviously raised. However, specific surface area of the solid dispersion is too large, and the solid dispersion is easy to absorb moisture and is not suitable for storage and production; and fluidity is not excellent, and the solid dispersion is inconvenient for production and packaging. If the raw medicinal powders are made into granules, the granules will have poor mouthfeel and are inconvenient to take. In view of the above condition, the solid dispersion is made into a tablet such that the product is convenient to store, transport and package and is also convenient for patients to take.
Apathy is the most common behavioural and psychological symptom in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases including frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). In patients, apathy can include symptoms of loss of motivation, initiative, and interest, listlessness, and indifference, flattening of emotions, absence of drive and passion. Researchers have later refined this to a reduction in goal direct behaviours. In animals, specific symptoms of apathy-like behaviour have been modelled including goal directed or nest-building behaviour which are seen as indicative of proxies for motivation and daily activities. In the present study a nest-building protocol was established using four different inbred mouse strains (CD1, BALB/c, C57Bl/6J, C3H) before assessing AD and FTD tau transgenic mice of Line 1 (L1) and Line 66 (L66) in this paradigm. Female mice aged 5 - 6 months were assessed in the home cage over a period of 7 days with nest-building behaviour scored by three independent experimenters at intervals of 1-, 2- and 7-days post nestlet introduction. Inbred mouse strains displayed different levels of nesting behaviour. BALB/c mice were more proficient than CD1 and C3H mice, while all strains displayed similar nest-building behaviour by day 7. In the tau mouse models, L66 presented with impaired nesting compared to wild-type on days 1 and 2 (not day 7), whereas L1 performed like wild-type on all days. Anhedonia measured in a sucrose preference test was only observed in L66. Anhedonia and low nesting scores in L66 mice are indicative of apathy-like phenotypes. Differences evident between the L1 and L66 tau transgenic mouse models are likely due to the different human tau species expressed in these mice.
Approximately 30% of the admitted patients with Covid-19 require admission to the intensive care unit for respiratory assistance, ranging from a high flow nasal cannula to invasive ventilation. These patients are affected by respiratory dysfunctions and even dysfunction of the brain respiratory control centers. Additionally, exacerbated inflammation leads to endothelial and coagulation disorders that aggravate the course of the illness. No effective therapy has yet been found to treat forms SARS-CoV-2 bass. One of the adjunctive therapeutic alternatives addressed is the use of intravenously administered glucocorticoids (GC), aimed at reducing exacerbated peripheral inflammation. They have been used at early stages of infection in high doses and with controversial results. In our laboratory at the Biomedical Research Institute from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), we have shown that dexamethasone, a GC (DXM) administered intranasally, reaches the central nervous system through the olfactory nerve (alike various pathogens, including coronaviruses) and reduces neuroinflammation more effectively than when applied intravenously. Additionally, biodistribution studies indicate that the DXM is detectable from the first minute after its application, both in the central nervous system and in the respiratory system. The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety, efficacy and tolerability of dexamethasone in patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 with moderate-severe forms, with an without the requirement of mechanic ventilation, including syndrome of acute respiratory distress or pneumonia (as diagnosed by CAT) with alveolar / interstitial lung involvement.
Ecological dependencies - where organisms rely on other organisms for survival - are a ubiquitous feature of life on earth. Multicellular hosts rely on symbionts to provide essential vitamins and amino acids. Legume plants similarly rely on nitrogen-fixing rhizobia to convert atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia. In some cases, dependencies can arise via loss-of-function mutations that allow one partner to benefit from the actions of another. It is common in microbiology to label ecological dependencies between species as cooperation - making it necessary to invoke cooperation-specific frameworks to explain the phenomenon. However, in many cases, such traits are not (at least initially) cooperative, because they are not selected for because of the benefits they confer on a partner species. In contrast, dependencies in microbial communities may originate from fitness benefits gained from genomic-streamlining (i.e. Black Queen Dynamics). Here, we outline how the Black Queen Hypothesis predicts the formation of metabolic dependencies via loss-of-function mutations in microbial communities, without needing to invoke any cooperation-specific explanations. Furthermore we outline how the Black Queen Hypothesis can act as a blueprint for true cooperation as well as discuss key outstanding questions in the field. The nature of interactions in microbial communities can predict the ability of natural communities to withstand and recover from disturbances. Hence, it is vital to gain a deeper understanding of the factors driving these dynamic interactions over evolutionary time.
A prospective, observational study to determine the value of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for predicting the therapeutic effects of the combined modality treatment for colorectal cancer and the patients' long-term prognosis.

Research objects: patients with surgically resectable colorectal cancer. After giving fully informed consent, the prospective participants will undergo the classical combined modality treatment according to NCCN guidelines. Serial analysis of ctDNA will be performed at specific time points including pre-treatment, (post-NCRT for NCRT patients), postoperative week 1, post-ACT, postoperative year 1, 2, and 3. The next-generation sequencing of surgical specimens will be performed as well. Participants will be observed and examined during the entire course of treatment and the follow-up period. The 3 year disease free survival (3y-DFS) will be the primary end-point.
The invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising i) ketotifen or an analog thereof and ii) a chemotherapeutic drug subject to multi-drug resistance by P-gp, such as doxorubicin or an analog thereof. The pharmaceutical composition is useful for treating cancer. The pharmaceutical composition is also useful for i) preventing or treating multi-drug resistance in a subject or ii) preventing a chemotherapeutic drug subject to multi-drug resistance by P-gp induced cardiac tissue damage in a subject, such as doxorubicin or an analog thereof. The invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising i) ketotifen or an analog thereof and ii) a chemotherapeutic drug subject to multi-drug resistance by P-gp, such as doxorubicin or an analog thereof. The pharmaceutical composition is useful for treating cancer. The pharmaceutical composition is also useful for i) preventing or treating multi-drug resistance in a subject or ii) preventing a chemotherapeutic drug subject to multi-drug resistance by P-gp induced cardiac tissue damage in a subject, such as doxorubicin or an analog thereof.
Swallow benzonatate capsules whole. Do not break, chew, dissolve, cut, or crush benzonatate capsules. Release of benzonatate from the capsule in the mouth can produce a temporary local anesthesia of the oral mucosa and choking could occur. If numbness or tingling of the tongue, mouth, throat, or face occurs, refrain from oral ingestion of food or liquids until the numbness has resolved. If the symptoms worsen or persist, seek medical attention. 

Keep benzonatate out of reach of children. Accidental ingestion resulting in death has been reported in children. Signs and symptoms of overdose have been reported within 15 to 20 minutes and death has been reported within one hour of ingestion. Signs and symptoms may include restlessness, tremors, convulsions, coma and cardiac arrest. If accidental ingestion occurs, seek medical attention immediately. 

Overdosage resulting in death may occur in adults. 

Do not exceed a single dose of 200 mg and a total daily dosage of 600 mg. If you miss a dose of benzonatate, skip that dose and take the next dose at the next scheduled time. Do not take 2 doses of benzonatate at one time.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical utility of a new family history tool, Family Healthware™ by determining whether family history risk assessment and personalized prevention messages have any impact on health behaviors and use of medical services. The hypothesis to be tested is that patients who are provided with personalized prevention messages based on an assessment of their family history of disease will be more motivated to make behavior changes and use preventive health services than patients who do not have their family history assessed and who receive only generalized (not personalized) prevention messages. An additional hypothesis, tested when participants see their primary care physician during the study, is that providing a copy of the graphical family history, risk and prevention messages to the patient's physician will increase delivery of recommended preventive services (screening, referral, and health habit advice).

The study will consist of enrolling approximately 8360 patients aged 35-65 years who attend primary care practices that are part of research networks affiliated with the three research centers. The practices will be randomized into two groups. Patients in practices randomized to Group 1 will complete a pre-test and the family history tool, and will receive personalized prevention messages based on their level of familial risk and current risk behaviors. After six months, Group 1 patients will complete a post-test. Patients in Group 2 will complete the pre-test and receive standard prevention messages (appropriate for sex) about maintaining good health and preventing disease. After 6 months Group 2 patients will complete the post-test and the family history tool. The pre- and post-test will include assessment of risk factors, use of medical services (especially preventive services), interest in modifying health behaviors, risk perceptions, etc. The analysis will compare changes in health behaviors between patients in Groups 1 and 2 and will also examine differences by familial risk strata (average, moderate, high).
BACKGROUND: Pediatric antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a life-threatening systemic vasculitis featured by liability to renal involvement. However, there are few studies on the risk factors and predictive models for renal outcomes of AAV in children.
METHODS: Data from 179 AAV children in multiple centers between January 2012 and March 2020 were collected retrospectively. The risk factors and predictive model of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in AAV were explored.
RESULTS: Renal involvement was the most typical manifestation (95.5%), and the crescent was the predominant pathological lesion (84.9%). The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was evaluated in 114 patients, of whom 59.6% developed ESRD, and the median time to ESRD was 3.20 months. The eGFR [P = 0.006, odds ratio (OR) = 0.955, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.924-0.987] and the percentages of global glomerulosclerosis (pGGS; P = 0.018, OR = 1.060, 95% CI = 1.010-1.112) were independent risk factors for ESRD of renal biopsy. Based on the pGGS and eGFR at renal biopsy, we developed three risk grades of ESRD and one predictive model. The Kaplan‒Meier curve indicated that renal outcomes were significantly different in different risk grades (P < 0.001). Compared with serum creatinine at baseline, the predictive model had higher accuracy (0.86 versus 0.58, P < 0.001) and a lower coefficient of variation (0.07 versus 0.92) in external validation.
CONCLUSIONS: Renal involvement is the most common manifestation of pediatric AAV in China, of which more than half deteriorates into ESRD. The predictive model based on eGFR at renal biopsy and the pGGS may be stable and accurate in speculating the risk of ESRD in AAV children. Supplementary file 2 (MP4 18937 KB).
Overweight and obesity have emerged as global health issues among children and adolescents. Restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic have aggravated the threat of paediatric obesity due to the prevalent reduction in physical activity (PA) in children and adolescents. However, this has also created an opportunity for healthcare professionals to explore new strategies to address this persistent problem. A systematically conducted scoping review was performed on 15 online databases to summarise and analyse the design, efficacy, and feasibility of PA-based weight management interventions for children and adolescents during the pandemic. Finally, we reviewed 23 eligible studies that were published between 2021 and 2023. The included interventions were presented to 1938 children and adolescents and 355 parents using a virtual or virtually blended face-to-face approach during the pandemic. The intervention design included a basic PA programme with three optional components (nutritional education, sociopsychological counselling, and medication consultations). Implementation generally resulted in favourable changes in body mass index (BMI) and/or body size or composition (primary outcomes), as well as health behaviours, physical health or fitness, and individual well-being (secondary outcomes). A longer duration of exposure to the intervention, female sex, and older age were associated with a higher efficacy of the included interventions. Moreover, the interventions showed high feasibility, with medium-high participant attendance, high acceptance/satisfaction in both children and adolescents and their parents and teachers, and strong participant engagement. This may be related to the high accessibility of health information, timely social support, and enhanced self-efficacy. In conclusion, both the virtual and blended delivery of well-planned weight management interventions during the pandemic show promise for the treatment and control of paediatric obesity. The lessons learned from the pandemic may help improve the design of future interventions and inform the proper integration of new technologies that have emerged in the post-pandemic world.
The present invention relates to a MDR reversal agent. The agent is polyvalent possessing two or more binding domains spaced to effectively inhibit the multiple drug resistance activity of Pgp. The MDR reversal agent is based upon the naturally occurring compound (−)-stipiamide. The multiple drug resistence reversal agent of the present invention can be a homodimer based on napthyl-DHS. The homodimer incorporates two napthyl-DHS domains joined by a series of joined ethylene glycol spacers. The invention also relates to method of reversing MDR in a human cell by administering the reversal agent of the invention. When Pgp is contacted with the reversal agent, the ATPase activity of Pgp is significantly reduced as well as the binding affinity of Pgp for its known substrates.
1515377 Antiperspirant compositions ARMOUR PHARMACEUTICAL CO 17 July 1975 [17 July 1974] 30011/75 Heading A5B Antiperspirant compositions comprise a water-soluble complex of a basic aluminium compound, a zirconyl hydroxy salt and one or more magnesium and/or calcium salts in an amount to provide 1 part by weight of magnesium and/or calcium per 30 to 1000 parts by weight of aluminium plus zirconium, the aluminium compound and zirconyl salt being present in amounts to yield an Al/Zr mole ratio of from 10:1 to 1:10. The basic aluminium compound e.g. aluminium chlorhydroxide, the zirconyl hydroxy salt e.g. hydroxychloride, and the alkaline earth metal salt e.g. oxide, halide, nitrate, sulphamate, phenolsulphonate, carbonate or hydroxide, are mixed in water, preferably with heating, and then dried to a powder to give the complex. The compositions may be aqueous solutions, creams or aerosol sprays.
Risk Summary

There are no available data on the presence of serdexmethylphenidate in human milk, effects on the breastfed infant, or effects on milk production. Dexmethylphenidate is the d-threo enantiomer of racemic methylphenidate. Limited published literature, based on milk sampling from seven mothers reports that methylphenidate is present in human milk, which resulted in infant doses of 0.16% to 0.7% of the maternal weight-adjusted dosage and a milk/plasma ratio ranging between 1.1 and 2.7. There are no reports of adverse effects on the breastfed infant and no effects on milk production. Long-term neurodevelopmental effects on infants from stimulant exposure are unknown. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for AZSTARYS and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from AZSTARYS or from the underlying maternal condition.

Clinical Considerations

Monitor breastfeeding infants for adverse reactions, such as agitation, anorexia, and reduced weight gain.
BACKGROUND: Acute abdomen is one of the few conditions that require immediate surgical intervention most of the time. However, not all cases of acute abdomen need surgery. The objective was to determine the various presentations of acute abdomen and their management outcome in patients presenting with acute abdomen to AIMS, Muzaffarabad, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.
METHODS: This prospective cohort study included individuals aged 18 and above who presented with abdominal pain lasting at least eight hours. Patients with trauma-induced abdominal pain were excluded. Consecutive non-probability sampling facilitated participant recruitment.
RESULTS: The majority (54%) were young, and males outnumbered females (62.61% and 37.39% respectively. Most patients presented within 8 hours of pain onset, diabetes and hypertension were the commonest comorbid. Mild pain was most common at presentation. In descending order, acute Appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, intestinal obstruction, Peritonitis, UTIs, and gynaecological & obstetric conditions were the frequent reasons for abdominal pain.
CONCLUSIONS: Recognizing the patterns of conditions that present as acute abdomen is essential for healthcare planners to develop effective treatment protocols, as incorrect management can lead to significant consequences.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cosmetic which has excellent usability and has an excellent protecting action on ultraviolet lights A, B.  <P>SOLUTION: This non-aqueous cosmetic for protecting ultraviolet light contains fine particulate titanium dioxide in a content of 20 to 30 wt. % and fine particulate zinc oxide in a content of 5 to 15 wt. %, and contains a polyhydric alcohol such as 1, 3-butanediol as a main carrier. The surfaces of the fine particulate titanium dioxide and the fine particulate zinc oxide are preferably subjected to hydrophobic treatments, respectively. It is further preferable that the weight ratio of the fine particulate titanium dioxide to the fine particulate zinc oxide is 3:1 to 2:1.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI
All Halo 360 treatments performed at 10 J/cm2 through the HALO Ablation System. All Halo 90 treatments performed at 12 J/cm2 through the HALO Ablation System.
Aging is a complex process characterized by a myriad of physiological changes, including alterations in the immune system termed immunosenescence. It exerts profound effects on both the bone marrow and the central nervous system, with significant implications for immunosenescence in neurological contexts. Our mini-review explores the complex relationship between bone marrow aging and its impact on immunosenescence, specifically within the context of neurological diseases. The bone marrow serves as a crucial hub for hematopoiesis and immune cell production, yet with age, it undergoes significant alterations, including alterations in hematopoietic stem cell function, niche composition, and inflammatory signaling. These age-related shifts in the bone marrow microenvironment contribute to dysregulation of immune cell homeostasis and function, impacting neuroinflammatory processes and neuronal health. In our review, we aim to explore the complex cellular and molecular mechanisms that link bone marrow aging to immunosenescence, inflammaging, and neuroinflammation, with a specific focus on their relevance to the pathophysiology of age-related neurological disorders. By exploring this interplay, we strive to provide a comprehensive understanding of how bone marrow aging impacts immune function and contributes to the progression of neurological diseases in aging individuals. Ultimately, this knowledge can hold substantial promise for the development of innovative therapeutic interventions aimed at preserving immune function and mitigating the progression of neurological disorders in the elderly population.
Background. Pulmonary hypertension Group 2 (PH 2) associated with left-sided heart disease is relatively common, is associated with a poor prognosis, and unfortunately there are no proven medical treatments beyond attempts at correcting the left sided heart disease. Many PH 2 patients have evidence of vasoconstriction and increased sympathetic nervous system activity. Use of agents or procedures which produce a reversible chemical sympathectomy have not been systematically tested in PH 2.

Methods. Two groups will be eligible for participation: Group 1 (n=10): Patients with PH 2 previously documented by echocardiography (echo), 6 minute walk test, biomarkers, and right heart catheterization (RHC) will receive reserpine, 0.05 mg per day for two weeks, then, 0.1 mg per day for an additional two weeks. After one month, patients will be reassessed for New York Heart Association (NYHA) class and drug side effects, echocardiography, 6 minute walk assessment, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). Group 2 patients (n=10) will have clinically suspected PH 2 and be scheduled to undergo clinically indicated RHC. If during RHC PH 2 is confirmed, after assessment of nitric oxide responsiveness, their baseline hemodynamics will be re-established over 10 minutes, and a left stellate ganglion block with lidocaine will be performed, and immediate hemodynamic responsiveness assessed. Four hours post-procedure, a side effect questionnaire will be obtained. Group 2 patients who complete RHC will then begin reserpine treatment in the same manner as Group I patients.

Hypothesis and Impact. PH 2 is the most common type of pulmonary hypertension. The current diagnostic and therapeutic strategy aims to treat the left sided heart disease in attempt to normalize pulmonary artery pressure. The place of selective pulmonary vasodilators is undefined. The investigator's approach addresses inhibition of adverse pulmonary vasoconstriction mediated by the sympathetic nervous system in PH 2.