anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Cocaine, methamphetamine, ectasy (3,4-methylenedioxy amphetamine (MDMA)) and ketamine are among the most consumed drugs worldwide causing cognitive, oxidative stress and cardiovascular problems in humans. Residue levels of these drugs and their transformation products may still enter the aquatic environment, where concentrations up to hundreds of ng/L have been measured. In the present work we tested the hypothesis that psychotropic effects and the mode of action of these drugs in D. magna cognitive, oxidative stress and cardiovascular responses are equivalent to those reported in humans and other vertebrate models. Accordingly we expose D. magna juveniles to pharmacological and environmental relevant concentrations. The study was complemented with the measurement of the main neurotransmitters involved in the known mechanisms of action of these drugs in mammals and physiological relevant amino acids. Behavioural cognitive patters clearly differentiate the 3 psychostimulant drugs (methamphetamine, cocaine, MDMA) from the dissociative one ketamine. Psychostimulant drugs at pharmacological doses (10-200 μM), increased basal locomotion activities and responses to light, and decreased habituation to it. Ketamine only increased habituation to light. The four drugs enhanced the production of reactive oxygen species in a concentration related manner, and at moderate concentrations (10-60 μM) increased heartbeats, diminishing them at high doses (200 μM). In chronic exposures to environmental low concentrations (10-1000 ng/L) the four drugs did not affect any of the behavioural responses measured but methamphetamine and cocaine inhibited reproduction at 10 ng/L. Observed effects on neurotransmitters and related metabolites were in concern with reported responses in mammalian and other vertebrate models: cocaine and MDMA enhanced dopamine and serotonin levels, respectively, methamphetamine and MDMA decreased dopamine and octopamine, and all but MDMA decreased 3 MT levels. Drug effects on the concentration of up to 10 amino acids evidence disruptive effects on neurotransmitter synthesis, the urea cycle, lipid metabolism and cardiac function.
An approach is disclosed for achieving improved egg quality and simplified management in patient undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation. Information, including endogenous FSH level, is received about the patient. An optimal duration for the controlled ovarian stimulation is estimated. A target level of FSH is estimated to achieve the optimal duration. Pharmacological formulations are administered to change FSH to achieve the target level of FSH. Resulting FSH is compared to target FSH level. The amount of pharmacological formulation is adjusted when the target FSH level is not achieved; and oocyte's final maturation is triggered after achieving the optimal duration.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a devastating clinical condition characterized by an abrupt loss of renal function. The pathophysiology of AKI involves diverse processes and elements, of which survival and regeneration have been established to be significant hallmarks. And early studies have confirmed the fundamental role of FGFs in the regulation of AKI pathology, although the association between FGF18 and AKI still remains elusive. Our study demonstrates a substantial up-regulation of FGF18 in the renal tubules of mice subjected to ischemia. Notably, targeted overexpression of FGF18 effectively mitigates the impairment of kidney function induced by AKI. Mechanistically, FGF18 facilitates cell proliferation and anti-apoptosis in RTECs by enhancing the expression of YAP and facilitating its translocation to the nucleus. Aside from that, we also discovered that the substantial expression of FGF18 under ischemic conditions is HIF-1α dependent. This study aims to uncover the inherent mechanism behind the beneficial effects of FGF18 in attenuating AKI. By doing so, it aims to offer novel insights into the development of therapeutic strategies for AKI.
Oxacillin Injection, USP is a sterile injectable product containing oxacillin which is added as oxacillin sodium, a semisynthetic penicillin derived from the penicillin nucleus, 6-aminopenicillanic acid. The chemical name of oxacillin sodium is 4-Thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 3,3-dimethyl-6-[[(5-methyl-3-phenyl-4- isoxazolyl)carbonyl]-amino]-7-oxo-, monosodium salt, monohydrate, [2S-(2α,5α,6ß)]-. It is resistant to inactivation by the enzyme penicillinase (beta-lactamase). The molecular formula of oxacillin sodium is C19H18N3NaO5S•H2O. The molecular weight is 441.44. 

The structural formula of oxacillin sodium is as follows:

Oxacillin Injection, USP is a frozen, iso-osmotic, sterile, nonpyrogenic premixed 50 mL solution containing 2 g of oxacillin added as oxacillin sodium. Dextrose, USP has been added to the above dosages to adjust osmolality (approximately 300 mg as dextrose hydrous to the 2 g dosages respectively). Sodium Citrate Hydrous, USP has been added as a buffer (approximately 300 mg to the 2 g dosage). The pH has been adjusted with hydrochloric acid and may have been adjusted with sodium hydroxide. The pH is 6.5 (6.0 to 8.5). The solution is intended for intravenous use after thawing to room temperature.

This Galaxy container is fabricated from a specially designed multilayer plastic. Solutions are in contact with the polyethylene layer of this container and can leach out certain chemical components of the plastic in very small amounts within the expiration period. The suitability of the plastic has been confirmed in tests in animals according to the USP biological tests for plastic containers, as well as by tissue culture toxicity studies.
Patients attend 1 therapy session to receive education and training in the use of the home program. Patients then complete exercises over 90 minutes per week for 6 weeks.
Trigeminal neuralgia is a kind of paroxysmal, knife-cutting, stubborn and severe pain in the facial distribution area of the trigeminal nerve caused by slight stimulation, which brings a great physical and psychological burden to the patient. Chronic pain can cause changes in the composition of central and peripheral body fluids, and these changes are very useful for the prediction and treatment of pain. In this study, the whole blood of patients with trigeminal neuralgia and non-chronic pain was collected for transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) sequencing. The results of transcriptome sequencing can derive the differentially expressed genes in the whole blood of TN patients and the pathways enriched by differentially expressed genes. At the same time, NPY (Neuropeptide y) plays an important role in head and face pain. We will also verify the difference in NPY expression in the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of TN and non-chronic pain patients, and the correlation between NPY expression and pain.
Disclosed is a process for the preparation of vorinostat, comprising the following steps: (a) reaction of suberic acid with a haloformate such as methyl chloroformate in the presence of a base such as triethylamine (thereby resulting in an insoluble precipitate of triethylammonium chloride which can be removed by filtration); (b) reaction of aniline with the product of step (a); (c) reaction of a haloformate with the product of step (b) in the presence of a base (i.e. another equivalent of methyl chloroformate / triethylamine); (d) reaction of hydroxylamine with the product of step (c); and (e) isolation of the product vorinostat; wherein the reaction is desirably conducted in an organic solvent selected from the group comprising dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide or dimethyl acetamide; and wherein steps (a)-(d) can be conducted sequentially without isolation of the corresponding intermediates (i.e. in a one pot synthesis). Also disclosed is high purity vorinostat obtained by the above process. Suitable uses of vorinostat are also disclosed. .
On day 1, five tablets are taken in the first 2 hours (one tablet every 30 min), followed by three more tablets regularly spaced during the rest of the day. From day 2 through 5, one tablet is administered three times daily.
A method is presented for producing hollow microspheres of metal oxides (HMOMS) and/or hollow metal silicates microspheres (HMSMS) in a transforming solution. The transforming solution contains an atom M, or an M-ion, or a radical containing M. M in the transforming solution has the thermodynamic ability to replace silicon atoms in hollow silica microspheres (HSMS) and/or hollow glass microspheres (HGMS). The maximum temperature for transformation is set by the chemical physical properties of the transforming solution, and the viscosity of the silica in the walls of the HSMS and/or the glass in the walls of the HGMS. Viscosity, of enough magnitude, helps retain the desired shape of the hollow sphere as it is transformed to HMOMS and/or HMSMS. Non- spherical shapes can be produced by increasing the transformation temperature whereby the viscosity of the walls of the HSMS and/or the HGMS is reduced. Transformation can take place at a single temperature or at several temperatures, each temperature for a separate hold time. Methods are presented for: 1. production of micro composite castings and continuous production of sheets of micro composites, both consisting of hollow spheres in a matrix, 2. harvesting of HMOMS and HMSMS, and 3. specialty castings for anisotropic properties using 3 -dimensional printing.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a patient's burden by shortening the amount of time for medical care in a hospital. SOLUTION: A home personal computer 2 in a patient's house 1 is connected and can be communicated with a medical server 4 in a hospital 3, and also the medical server 4 and a server for pharmacy installed 6 in a pharmacy 5 are connected and can be communicated through a public communication line or Internet. The patient has diagnosis through the home personal computer 2 and the medical server 4 in the hospital. A doctor, who is at the side of hospital 3, diagnoses and writes a prescription for necessary medicine. And the prescription is sent as an electronic data to the server for pharmacy 6 in the pharmacy 5 with a patient's identification number. At the pharmacy, medicine is prepared according to the prescription, and it is put in the medicine vending machine 9 nearest to the patient's house 1.  The patient calls for the medicine to the medicine vending machine 9 after the specified date and time.
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer characterized by an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Patients from specific ethnicities and population groups have poorer prognoses than others. Therefore, a better understanding of the immune landscape in such groups is necessary for disease elucidation, predicting patient outcomes and therapeutic targeting. This study investigated the expression of circulating key immune cell markers in South African PDAC patients of African ancestry.
METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from a total of 6 healthy volunteers (HC), 6 Chronic Pancreatitis (CP) and 34 PDAC patients consisting of 22 resectable (RPC), 8 locally advanced (LAPC) and 4 metastatic (MPC). Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain reactions (RT-qPCR), Metabolomics, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), and Immunophenotyping assays were conducted. Statistical analysis was conducted in R (v 4.3.2). Additional analysis of single-cell RNA data from 20 patients (16 PDAC and 4 controls) was conducted to interrogate the distribution of T-cell and Natural Killer cell populations.
RESULTS: Granulocyte and neutrophil levels were significantly elevated while lymphocytes decreased with PDAC severity. The total percentages of CD3 T-cell subpopulations (helper and double negative T-cells) decreased when compared to HC. Although both NK (p = 0.014) and NKT (p < 0.001) cell levels increased as the disease progressed, their subsets: NK CD56dimCD16- (p = 0.024) and NKTs CD56+ (p = 0.008) cell levels reduced significantly. Of note is the negative association of NK CD56dimCD16- (p < 0.001) cell levels with survival time. The gene expression analyses showed no statistically significant correlation when comparing the PDAC groups with the controls. The inflammatory status of PDAC was assessed by ROS levels of serum which were elevated in CP (p = 0.025), (RPC (p = 0.003) and LAPC (p = 0.008)) while no significant change was observed in MPC, compared to the HC group. ROS was shown to be positively correlated with GlycA (R = 0.45, p = 0.0096). Single-cell analyses showed a significant difference in the ratio of NKT cells per total cell counts in LAPC (p < 0.001) and MPC (p < 0.001) groups compared with HC, confirming observations in our sample group.
CONCLUSION: The expression of these immune cell markers observed in this pilot study provides insight into their potential roles in tumour progression in the patient group and suggests their potential utility in the development of immunotherapeutic strategies.
The present, invention pertains to cyclic peptides, combinations of cyclic peptide having potent antibacterial effects, as well as pharmaceutical compositions for use as medicaments, in particular for treating bacterial infections. The backbone - cyclic peptides are made of an even number of 6-20 amino acid residues, wherein every second residue has a fully substituted beta-carbon atom (i.e. beta - trisubstituted amino acid, such as tert-Leucine and penicillamine). The peptides contain a cluster of at least 3 residues of the same stereo configuration, whereas the remaining residues are present as a L/D alternating structure. The combination of cyclic peptides having complementary stereo configurations provide antibacterial properties in view of their ability to form nanotubes, i.e. the complementary configurations act synergistically.
PURPOSE: A method for preparing talc composite powder containing organic UV absorber(OMC) is provided to use 0.1-60 wt% of OMC without loss and to ensure high SPF and PA index. CONSTITUTION: A method for preparing talc composite powder for blocking UV ray comprises: a step of OMC(octyl methoxy cinnamate) and lecithin in purified water of 35-45 Deg. C. to prepare a first mixture; a step of adding talc to the purified water at 35-45 Deg. C. and stirring to prepare a second mixture; a step of mixing the first and second mixtures and stirring to prepare a final mixture; a step of maturing the final mixture for 24 hours and dehydrating at 85-95 Deg. C.; and a step of pulverizing the dried mixture. A cosmetic composition for blocking UV ray contains the talc composite powder as an active ingredient. [Reference numerals] (AA) SPF value; (BB) PA value; (CC,DD) OMC concentration
In posterior spine surgery, retractors exert pressure on paraspinal muscles, elevating intramuscular pressure and compromising blood flow, potentially causing muscle injury during ischemia-reperfusion. Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761), known for its antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties and its role in treating cerebrovascular diseases, is investigated for its protective effects against muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury in vitro and in vivo. Animals were randomly divided into the control group, receiving normal saline, and experimental groups, receiving varying doses of EGb761 (25/50/100/200 mg/kg). A 2-h hind limb tourniquet-induced ischemia was followed by reperfusion. Blood samples collected pre-ischemia and 24 h post-reperfusion, along with muscle tissue samples after 24 h, demonstrated that EGb761 at 1000 μg/mL effectively inhibited IL-6 and TNF-α secretion in RAW 264.7 cells without cytotoxicity. EGb761 significantly reduced nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and increased glutathione (GSH) levels compared to the control after 24 h. Muscle tissue sections revealed more severe damage in the control group, indicating EGb761's potential in mitigating inflammatory responses and oxidative stress during ischemia-reperfusion injury, effectively protecting against muscle damage.
This study aimed to compare the non-grafted socket shield technique with simultaneously guided bone regeneration in immediate implant placement in terms of clinical, esthetic, and radiographic parameters. Within the scope, immediate implant placement was applied to randomized groups (socket shield technique and guided bone regeneration). Immediate implant placement was performed following shield preparation in the shield group, and guided bone regeneration was applied in the regeneration group. A temporary non-functional immediate prosthesis was inserted at the same visit. After four months, permanent restorations were applied. Clinical, radiographic, and esthetic parameters were compared between two groups at baseline and first-year follow-up.
Patients with a postoperative intensive care unity length of stay ≥ 5 days after elective cardiac surgery. They will have an accelerometer.
The enrollment mainly depends on "3+3" principle. A total of 3 or 4 dose groups will be evaluated during the dose escalation period: 1, 3, 10 mg/kg, and maybe an additional fixed dose (e.g., to evaluate 200 mg or other fixed dose as RP2D). The drug is scheduled to be administrated Q3W. Actual dose increments or dosing frequency may be adjusted according to PK data and safety of MW11. Safety, tolerability, and DLT will be assessed within 3 weeks (21 days) after initial administration. Anti-tumor efficacy will be assessed every 6 weeks during the first 24 weeks and every 12 weeks ever since. The study will be divided into screening period and treatment period. The drug administration will be continued until the investigators consider that the subjects will no longer benefit from the treatment, or the subjects meet intolerable toxicity, or the subjects withdraw the informed consent, or disease progression occurs.
Participants will receive CBD (900 mg/d). Evenly split doses of 450 mg will be taken at morning and evening meals for 3 days, and a 450 mg dose will be taken in the morning of day 4 (before the post-test).
Methods and compositions for controlling ocular hypertension associated with (i) primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), (ii) other forms of glaucoma, or (iii) glucocorticoid therapy are disclosed. The methods involve administration of angiostatic agents and other IOP-lowering agents via local injections in the anterior segment of the eye. The most preferred IOP-lowering agents are angiostatic steroids, particularly anecortave acetate, and the most preferred route of administration is an anterior juxtascleral injection or implant. The invention is based in part on the discovery that anterior juxtascleral injections of anecortave acetate are capable of controlling intraocular pressure for sustained periods of from one to several months or more. This result is believed to be attributable to facilitation of access of the anecortave acetate to the trabecular meshwork via the anterior juxtascleral route of administration. This route of administration is also believed to be advantageous for other types of IOP-lowering agents, particularly molecules that cannot readily penetrate the cornea due to size or other physical properties.
A randomized, controlled study was conducted in southern Sweden with two intervention programs for individuals with X-ray-verified hip OA. The patients were randomized to 1 of 3 groups; namely Hip School, TCA, or a group receiving no intervention. A total of 89 subjects attended the baseline appointment and were randomized to one of the three groups. Physical function was assessed using, the Hip Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (HOOS, Swedish version L.K 1.1), an observational assessment of movements the Body Awareness Scale Movement Quality (BAS MQ) and the Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT). For assessment of HRQL the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used. The Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES) records the patient's self-reported judgment of what he/she can do regardless of the degree of functional limitations or skill. Six months after the final intervention all subjects were examined and assessed following the same procedure as at baseline. The 12 months follow-up contained the three questionnaires, HOOS, ASES and SF- 36 were sent out by mail. The results showed significant improvement in physical function and self-efficacy within the interventions groups Tai Chi and Hip School. The Tai Chi showed improvement in BAS MQ, focusing on body awareness and quality of movements, and in self-efficacy between baseline and 6- month follow-up. The Hip School group showed significant improvement in BAS MQ between baseline and 6-month follow-up.
This study investigated the presence and abundance of Cystoisospora suis oocysts in faecal samples from 131 one- to three-week-old pig litters belonging to eight intensively raised, indoor herds in Spain. Seven herds used preventive anticoccidial toltrazuril treatments administered orally or by intramuscular injection, and one did not use preventive anticoccidial treatments. The diagnosis was performed using two oocyst flotation-concentration methods, Bailenger's method in every herd and the more recent Joachim's method in four herds. Oocysts were detected in every farm, the proportion of oocyst-positive samples was higher with Bailenger's technique, and the estimated overall prevalence (95% confidence interval) was 40 (32-49)%, including 47 (29-65)% in non-medicated litters, 52 (38-67)% in orally medicated litters and 28 (16-40)% in intramuscularly medicated litters (p < 0.05). However, mixed logistic regression models indicated that the risk of infection was not significantly associated with preventive anticoccidial treatments (p > 0.05), and increased with age, was higher in herds with partially compared to fully slatted dung floors in farrowing pens and in litters with pigs with diarrhoea (p < 0.05). The median (range) oocysts per gram of faeces (OpG) in infected litters by Bailenger's method was 623 (35-49048) and mixed negative binomial models revealed no significant association between infection intensity in positive litters and pen's floor type and piglets age, faecal consistency and treatment status (p > 0.05). The apparent low efficacy of Toltrazuril suggests treatment administration failures, reduced residual efficacy or low susceptibility of C. suis strains in study farms and needs further investigation.
The utility model relates to the medical health-improvement article, to be specific, a traditional Chinese medicine magetic therapy health-improvement bag for the valetudinarian. The utility model comprises the external protection bag, medicine core, magnetic pole and loincloth. The external layer of the medicine core is made of gauze with the powder of traditional Chinese medicine inside; the external layer is made into the shape of flat piece with the reticular threads; magnetic pole is fixed on the surface at the internal side of the medicine core; the medicine core is placed in the external protection bag; the two ends of the protection bag are connected to the loincloth; sticking buckles are set at the joint of the two loincloth. This utility model integrates the theory of channels and collaterals, and external applying therapy of traditional Chinese medical treatment and the physical magnetotherapy, which, with the mutual contact between the medicine core, magnetic pole and human body, realizes the mutual action between the effective medicine particles and the magnetic field. Besides, this utility model, with the effect of partial absorption, penetration and activation in human body, can realize the medical effect of stretching the muscle, activating the blood and smoothing the channels and collaterals. Therefore, compared with the existing magetic therapy health-improvement devices, this utility model has the advantages of excellent magetic therapy effect, convenient application and outstanding application effects.