anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Healthcare workers are particularly at risk of SARS-CoV-2. In the absence of a vaccine, other strategies aiming to reduce the development of COVID-19 in the population, more specifically in healthcare workers is being sought. Administration of effective drugs to people at risk of developing an infectious disease is well accepted and is part of clinical practice. To date there are few on-going randomized clinical trial on Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) evaluating chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine efficacy for health care workers and other groups at high risk. Existing recent and scarce literature shows that RNA synthesis nucleos(t)ide analogue inhibitors, acting as viral RNA chain terminators, like TDF, abacavir or lamivudine, amongst others, could have an effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Worldwide, there is broad evidence of the use, safety and tolerability of hydroxychloroquine (200 mg) and TDF/FTC (245 mg/200 mg). This study aims to assess the efficacy of a daily single dose of TDF (245 mg)/FTC (200 mg), a daily single dose of HC (200 mg), a daily single dose of TDF (245 mg)/FTC (200 mg) plus HC (200 mg) versus placebo, during 12 weeks in: (1) reducing the incidence of symptomatic disease and (2) reducing clinical severity COVID-19 among hospital healthcare workers aged 18 to 70 years in public and private hospitals in Spain. Sample size calculations are based on the primary outcome; number of symptomatic confirmed infections by SARS-CoV-2. Briefly, 4.000 participants will be assigned to one of the 4 groups, through 1:1:1:1 randomization. Duration of prophylactic treatment will be 12 weeks from early April 2020 till early July 2020. Follow up of participants will continue up to 4 weeks after last dose of treatment. All participants will be assessed on a monthly basis. Interim analyses will be performed on monthly bases.
Following an acute overdosage, toxicity may result from hydrocodone and/or ibuprofen.

Signs and Symptoms

Hydrocodone Component

Serious overdose with hydrocodone is characterized by respiratory depression (a decrease in respiratory rate and/or tidal volume, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, cyanosis) extreme somnolence progressing to stupor or coma, skeletal muscle flaccidity, cold and clammy skin, and sometimes bradycardia and hypotension. In severe overdosage, apnea, circulatory collapse, cardiac arrest and death may occur.

Ibuprofen Component

Symptoms include gastrointestinal irritation with erosion and hemorrhage or perforation, kidney damage, liver damage, heart damage, hemolytic anemia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, aplastic anemia, and meningitis. Other symptoms may include headache, dizziness, tinnitus, confusion, blurred vision, mental disturbances, skin rash, stomatitis, edema, reduced retinal sensitivity, corneal deposits, and hyperkalemia.

Treatment

Primary attention should be given to the re-establishment of adequate respiratory exchange through provision of a patent airway and the institution of assisted or controlled ventilation. Naloxone, a narcotic antagonist, can reverse respiratory depression and coma associated with opioid overdose or unusual sensitivity to opioids, including hydrocodone. Therefore, an appropriate dose of naloxone hydrochloride should be administered intravenously with simultaneous efforts at respiratory resuscitation. Since the duration of action of hydrocodone may exceed that of the naloxone, the patient should be kept under continuous surveillance and repeated doses of the antagonist should be administered as needed to maintain adequate respiration. Supportive measures should be employed as indicated. Gastric emptying may be useful in removing unabsorbed drug. In cases where consciousness is impaired it may be inadvisable to perform gastric lavage. If gastric lavage is performed, little drug will likely be recovered if more than an hour has elapsed since ingestion. Ibuprofen is acidic and is excreted in the urine; therefore, it may be beneficial to administer alkali and induce diuresis. In addition to supportive measures the use of oral activated charcoal may help to reduce the absorption and reabsorption of ibuprofen. Dialysis is not likely to be effective for removal of ibuprofen because it is very highly bound to plasma proteins.
FIELD: animal science. SUBSTANCE: the suggested fodder supplement as a biologically active substance contains saponin triterpenoid in an efficient quantity. Saponin triterpenoid is obtained either out of seeds or plant leaves of Camellia L. variety. Feeding animals with a fodder supplement containing saponin triterpenoid increases immunity in animals and the gains of their body weight, favors to obtain meat of improved quality. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 7 cl, 16 ex, 3 tbl
OBJECTIVE: Sleep disturbances are common in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and this exacerbates disease severity and results in poor quality of life. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been reported to mediate the association between T2DM and poor sleep health. The burden of self-reported poor sleep quality and duration in T2DM and their association with serum BDNF levels were investigated.
METHODS: In this case-control design, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Instrument was used to assess self-reported sleep quality and duration in 100 patients with T2DM and 80 nondiabetic controls. Sociodemographic data and medical history were collected from case notes and/or using a structured questionnaire. Fasting venous blood samples (5 mL) were collected to measure plasma lipid profile and serum BDNF levels.
RESULTS: patients with T2DM had low levels of BDNF, poor sleep quality (61.9% vs 27.5%, p<0.001), and shorter sleep duration (6.1±2.2 vs 6.9±1.1 h, p=0.003). T2DM status was associated with doubling the odds of poor sleep quality [OR (95%CI)=2.06 (1.07-6.43), p=0.039] and 1.6 times the odds of short sleep duration [1.63 (1.03-3.79), p=0.028]. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed no association between serum BDNF levels and sleep status. However, there was a negative biological interaction between T2DM and BDNF levels on poor sleep quality, resulting in 0.28 relative excess risk due to the interaction and a 12% attributable proportion due to the interaction.
CONCLUSION: In this study population, patients with T2DM had a high burden of self-reported poor quality of sleep and shorter sleep duration compared to the nondiabetic controls. T2DM interacts negatively with serum BDNF levels to affect sleep quality.
Blinatumomab will be administered as a continuous IV infusion through a central venous catheter for a 42 day cycle. Blinatumomab will start with a 7 day infusion at 9mcg/d. If no dose limiting toxicity (table 6.1) after 7 days, the dose will be escalated to 28 mcg/d for 7 additional days. If no dose limiting toxicity (table 6.1) after 14 days, blinatumomab will be infused at a target dose of at 112mcg/d for 28 days. Subjects will be restaged after a 6 week treatment free period by PET CT. All subjects without disease progression will receive an additional 4 week cycle starting at the target dose of 112 mcg/d.
New onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (NOPAF) presents in approximately 27 to 40% of patients who have recently undergone coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) or other open heart surgeries. NOPAF can put patients at clinical risk for stroke and other arrhythmias. NOPAF commonly prolongs hospitalization leading to increased use of hospital resources, higher cost and decreased patient satisfaction. A number of risk factors have been associated with the development of NOPAF including age, prior history of atrial fibrillation, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), chronic renal failure, diabetes and obesity. It is not entirely clear what causes NOPAF; the prevailing theory is that it is a multi-factorial process, possibly due in part to inflammation from the surgery. The usual treatments for NOPAF are associated with various side effects and risks. We propose to test the hypothesis that an amniotic membrane patch, with minimal known risk and side effects, placed on the heart's surface during surgery will reduce the incidence of NOPAF.

This phase I/II prospective, single-center, randomized controlled clinical trial is being undertaken to assess the safety of the amniotic membrane patch when used in the setting of CABG surgery and whether utilization of the amniotic membrane patch to aid repair of the normal epicardium following isolated, first-time CABG procedures might result in a lower rate of NOPAF compared to subjects who did not undergo treatment with the amniotic membrane patch.
INTRODUCTION: Intestinal stomas are one of the most common parts of pediatric surgical care, and complications arising from it have significant impact on overall patient outcomes. However, data on major complications in low-middle-income countries remain limited. This pilot retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate the prevalence, types, and management of major stoma complications in pediatric patients at a tertiary government hospital in the Philippines.
METHODS: Medical records of pediatric patients with major stoma complications classified as Clavien-Dindo III-V from June 2018 to June 2023 were reviewed. Patient-related factors (age, sex, diagnosis) and surgery-related factors (stoma type and location, surgeon expertise) were analyzed. Descriptive statistics characterized demographic profiles, while Chi-square and t tests analyzed categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated independent associations with major stoma complications.
RESULTS: Out of 1041 pediatric patients with stomas, 102 cases had major complications, representing a prevalence rate of 9.8%. Mortality directly attributed to stoma complications accounted for 1.3% of the total cases, or 14 deaths in 5 years. Neonates comprised a significant portion, primarily diagnosed with congenital conditions like anorectal malformation and Hirschsprung's disease. Ileostomies exhibited a higher incidence of major complications compared to other stoma types. Stomal prolapse and adhesive bowel obstruction are the most common reported stoma complications requiring surgical intervention while stoma revision is the most frequent corrective procedure. The median time from stoma creation to presentation of major complication was 14 months, with nearly half of the complications occurring within the first year. Only the presence of ileostomy had significant association with the development of major complications among the risk factors analyzed.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides useful insights into stoma complications in pediatric patients in a low-middle income country. Despite the lack of significant associations between the patient-related and surgeon-related factors, and major stoma complications, further investigation into other contributing factors is warranted. Improvements in data collection methods and prospective studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to enhance understanding and optimize care of major stoma complications. Addressing the challenges identified in this study could lead to a comprehensive and tailored approach to pediatric stoma care and their complications.
YA-F cancer survivors will complete a baseline survey (T1) of sociodemographic and patient reported outcomes (PRO) and then will be sent a link to access the decision aid tool (website) with instructions to review the website before their upcoming visit. A follow-up survey (T2) will be emailed 4-weeks post-baseline, prior to their clinic visit, to evaluate website access and PROs. A post-visit survey (T3) will be emailed 6- weeks post-baseline (after their survivorship care visit) to assess PROs.
Risk Summary

There are no available data on XDEMVY use in pregnant women to inform any drug associated risk; however, systemic exposure to lotilaner from ocular administration is low [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] . In animal reproduction studies, lotilaner did not produce malformations at clinically relevant doses. 

Data

Animal Data

In an oral embryofetal developmental study in pregnant rats dosed during organogenesis from gestation days 6-19, increased post-implantation loss, reduced fetal pup weight, and incomplete skeletal ossification were observed at 50 mg/kg/day (approximately 1390 times the recommended human ophthalmic dose (RHOD) on a body surface area basis) in the presence of maternal toxicity (i.e., decreased body weight and food consumption). A rare malformation of situs inversus of the thoracic and abdominal viscera occurred in 1 fetus from a pregnant rat receiving 50 mg/kg/day; whether this finding was treatment-related could not be excluded. No maternal or embryofetal toxicity was observed at 18 mg/kg/day (approximately 501 times the RHOD on a body surface area basis). In an oral embryofetal development study in pregnant rabbits dosed during organogenesis from gestation days 7-19, no embryofetal toxicity or teratogenic findings were observed at 20 mg/kg/day (approximately 580-times the RHOD on an AUC basis), even in the presence of maternal toxicity (i.e., decreased food consumption and body weight).

In an oral two-generation reproductive toxicity study, F0 male and female rats were administered lotilaner at doses up to 40 mg/kg/day for 10 weeks before pairing and during the 2-week pairing period (3 weeks for males). Dosing for F0 females continued through lactation day 22. F1 male and female rats were administered lotilaner at 1 and 5 mg/kg/day post-weaning from day 23 for 10 weeks before pairing and during the 2-week pairing period (3 weeks for males). Dosing for F1 parenteral females continued through lactation day 22. There were no clear adverse effects on the F1 generation, and a slightly lower mean body weight during lactation was noted for F2 pups at 5 mg/kg/day. The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) was determined to be 5 mg/kg/day (approximately 139 times the RHOD on a body surface area basis).
Disclosed is a means for improving the symptoms of a cerebral dysfunction. The present inventors made a new discovery that the activity of brain aromatic monoamines increases when sepiapterin is administered peripherally. Disclosed, therefore, is a medicinal agent, which contains at least sepiapterin or a salt thereof, for preventing or improving cerebral dysfunction. Also disclosed is a beverage/food, which contains at least sepiapterin or a salt thereof, for preventing or improving cerebral dysfunction. Unlike tetrahydrobiopterin and the like, sepiapterin can control reductions in the brain neuron levels of brain aromatic monoamines (serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline, and the like) and increase the activity thereof even when administered peripherally. Therefore, sepiapterin may be effective for cerebral dysfunctions, which are due to reductions in the brain neuron levels of brain aromatic monoamines, such as depression, bulimia, autism, impaired consciousness and concentration, cognitive disorders and other central mental disorders, as well as myotonia, rigidity, tremors, and other central motor disorders.
Dexmedetomidine (DEX) infusion was started in doses 0,2-1,4 μg/kg/hr and titrated to achieve target sedation level; symptom-triggered BZD administration (diazepam 10mg bolus) were used wherever DEX infusion was not enough. Antipsychotics (haloperidol 5mg boluses) were used as a rescue medication for severe agitation or hallucinations.
HIV counseling and testing remains one of the most effective HIV prevention interventions because many individuals newly diagnosed with HIV infection will alter their behaviors to reduce the risk of HIV transmission to others. In the U.S., men who have sex with men (MSM) represent the group with the greatest risk for HIV acquisition despite a high penetrance of testing, in part because their frequent exposures and infrequent testing can result in long intervals between HIV acquisition and diagnosis. Efforts to prevent HIV transmission among MSM must therefore increase the frequency of HIV testing and thereby decrease the time interval that infected individuals are unaware of their status and their potential for transmission. Home self-testing for HIV may increase the frequency of HIV testing, but there are concerns that it may also have negative consequences, including decreased access to risk reduction counseling.

We will randomize 246 MSM at high risk of HIV acquisition either to have access to home self-testing for HIV using the OraQuick ADVANCE® Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody Test or to standard, clinic-based HIV testing for 15 months to determine the effects of home self-testing availability on HIV testing frequency and markers of risk for HIV acquisition and to assess the acceptability and ease of use of home self-testing. After screening to determine eligibility, study visits will occur at baseline and at 15 months. Both visits will include HIV/STD screening and surveys regarding HIV testing and risk behaviors. During follow-up, participants will be asked to complete brief online surveys after testing for HIV.
With an aging population, numerous assistive and monitoring technologies are under development to enable older adults to age in place. To facilitate aging in place, predicting risk factors such as falls and hospitalization and providing early interventions are important. Much of the work on ambient monitoring for risk prediction has centered on gait speed analysis, utilizing privacy-preserving sensors like radar. Despite compelling evidence that monitoring step length in addition to gait speed is crucial for predicting risk, radar-based methods have not explored step length measurement in the home. Furthermore, laboratory experiments on step length measurement using radars are limited to proof-of-concept studies with few healthy subjects. To address this gap, a radar-based step length measurement system for the home is proposed based on detection and tracking using a radar point cloud followed by Doppler speed profiling of the torso to obtain step lengths in the home. The proposed method was evaluated in a clinical environment involving 35 frail older adults to establish its validity. Additionally, the method was assessed in people's homes, with 21 frail older adults who had participated in the clinical assessment. The proposed radar-based step length measurement method was compared to the gold-standard Zeno Walkway Gait Analysis System, revealing a 4.5 cm/8.3% error in a clinical setting. Furthermore, it exhibited excellent reliability (ICC(2,k) = 0.91, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.96) in uncontrolled home settings. The method also proved accurate in uncontrolled home settings, as indicated by a strong consistency (ICC(3,k) = 0.81 (95% CI 0.53 to 0.92)) between home measurements and in-clinic assessments.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We aimed to develop and validate different machine-learning (ML) prediction models for the complete response of oligometastatic gynecological cancer after SBRT.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred fifty-seven patients with 272 lesions from 14 different institutions and treated with SBRT with radical intent were included. Thirteen datasets including 222 lesions were combined for model training and internal validation purposes, with an 80:20 ratio. The external testing dataset was selected as the fourteenth Institution with 50 lesions. Lesions that achieved complete response (CR) were defined as responders. Prognostic clinical and dosimetric variables were selected using the LASSO algorithm. Six supervised ML models, including logistic regression (LR), classification and regression tree analysis (CART) and support vector machine (SVM) using four different kernels, were trained and tested to predict the complete response of uterine lesions after SBRT. The performance of models was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), area under the curve (AUC) and calibration curves. An explainable approach based on SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method was deployed to generate individual explanations of the model's decisions.
RESULTS: 63.6% of lesions had a complete response and were used as ground truth for the supervised models. LASSO strongly associated complete response with three variables, namely the lesion volume (PTV), the type of lesions (lymph-nodal versus parenchymal), and the biological effective dose (BED10), that were used as input for ML modeling. In the training set, the AUCs for complete response were 0.751 (95% CI: 0.716-0.786), 0.766 (95% CI: 0.729-0.802) and 0.800 (95% CI: 0.742-0.857) for the LR, CART and SVM with a radial basis function kernel, respectively. These models achieve AUC values of 0.727 (95% CI: 0.669-0.795), 0.734 (95% CI: 0.649-0.815) and 0.771 (95% CI: 0.717-0.824) in the external testing set, demonstrating excellent generalizability.
CONCLUSION: ML models enable a reliable prediction of the treatment response of oligometastatic lesions receiving SBRT. This approach may assist radiation oncologists to tailor more individualized treatment plans for oligometastatic patients.
These are characterized by excitation and/or depression. Restlessness, anxiety, dizziness, tinnitus, blurred vision or tremors may occur, possibly proceeding to convulsions. However, excitement may be transient or absent, with depression being the first manifestation of an adverse reaction. This may quickly be followed by drowsiness merging into unconsciousness and respiratory arrest. Other central nervous system effects may be nausea, vomiting, chills, and constriction of the pupils. 

The incidence of convulsions associated with the use of local anesthetics varies with the route of administration and the total dose administered. In a survey of studies of epidural anesthesia, overt toxicity progressing to convulsions occurred in approximately 0.1% of local anesthetic administrations. 

The incidence of adverse neurological reactions associated with the use of local anesthetics may be related to the total dose and concentration of local anesthetic administered and are also dependent upon the particular drug used, the route of administration, and the physical status of the patient. Many of these observations may be related to local anesthetic techniques, with or without a contribution from the drug. During lumbar epidural block, occasional unintentional penetration of the subarachnoid space by the catheter or needle may occur. Subsequent adverse effects may depend partially on the amount of drug administered intrathecally as well as the physiological and physical effects of a dural puncture. These observations may include spinal block of varying magnitude (including high or total spinal block), hypotension secondary to spinal block, urinary retention, loss of bladder and bowel control (fecal and urinary incontinence), and loss of perineal sensation and sexual function. Signs and symptoms of subarachnoid block typically start within 2 to 3 minutes of injection. Doses of 15 and 22.5 mg of Ropivacaine Hydrochloride resulted in sensory levels as high as T5 and T4, respectively. Analgesia started in the sacral dermatomes in 2 to 3 minutes and extended to the T10 level in 10 to 13 minutes and lasted for approximately 2 hours. Other neurological effects following unintentional subarachnoid administration during epidural anesthesia may include persistent anesthesia, paresthesia, weakness, paralysis of the lower extremities, and loss of sphincter control; all of which may have slow, incomplete or no recovery. Headache, septic meningitis, meningismus, slowing of labor, increased incidence of forceps delivery, or cranial nerve palsies due to traction on nerves from loss of cerebrospinal fluid have been reported (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION discussion of Lumbar Epidural Block). A high spinal is characterized by paralysis of the arms, loss of consciousness, respiratory paralysis and bradycardia.