anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Background & objectives Food and waterborne illnesses remain a neglected public health issue in India. Events with large gatherings frequently witness outbreaks of acute diarrheal diseases due to consumption of contaminated food or water or poor food handling practices. In the present study, an outbreak of acute diarrhoeal disease (ADD) occurring among the attendees of a birthday party in rural Dibrugarh district in the northeastern Indian State of Assam was investigated. Methods Sociodemographic information along with details of ADD outbreak that included information about source of foods, food handlers, illness details, etc., were collected using an outbreak investigation form for descriptive and analytical epidemiology. Rectal swabs from affected individuals and food handlers were collected along with bore-well water samples and tested in the laboratory by performing bacterial culture, biochemical analysis and polymerase chain reaction. Due to the delayed report on the outbreak, collecting leftover food for laboratory testing and analysis was impossible. Results A total of 25 cases of ADD had similar signs and symptoms. The mean incubation period for developing acute diarrhoea was 26.36±8.76 (± standard deviation) hours from food consumption. The overall attack rate was 60.04 per cent (25/41); 20 per cent (5/25) required hospitalization. Thirteen rectal swab samples were tested for pathogens and found positive for Shigella sonnei. Antibiotic susceptibility test of isolated S. sonnei showed resistance to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime. Consumption of one of the food items - chicken curry was significantly associated with illness (Odds Ratio=14.8; 95% Confidence Interval: 2.75-85.11); P value<0.05 and Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) was 70.18 per cent. The water samples were found satisfactory for human consumption. Interpretation & conclusions The findings suggested that S. sonnei infection could be implicated in the investigated food-borne diarrhoeal disease outbreak and that there was a potential for human-poultry cross-infection. Additionally, the study revealed concerning levels of S. sonnei resistance to recommended antibiotics and drew attention to their public health relevance.
Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is commonly seen in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), increasing the risk of morbidity, mortality, and hospital expenses. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of partial cardiac denervation, which is achieved by cutting off the ligament of Marshall and resecting the fat pad along the Waterston groove, on the prevention of POAF after CABG. Patients planned for CABG at our center were screened for eligibility in this study. A total of 430 patients were randomized into the intervention (partial cardiac denervation) group and control group. Intraoperative high-frequency electrical stimulation and further histologic analysis were performed in a certain number of patients to confirm the existence of ganglia. All patients were continuously monitored for the incidence of POAF through an electrophysiologic device until the sixth day postoperatively, and required to complete a 30-day follow-up (12-lead electrocardiogram and echocardiogram assessment) after discharge. The primary end point is the incidence of POAF, whereas the secondary end points are the cost-effectiveness and safety outcomes. In conclusion, this trial will evaluate whether partial cardiac denervation through cutting off the ligament of Marshall and resecting the fat pad along the Waterston groove can reduce the incidence of POAF after CABG. If this procedure is revealed to be effective and safe, it may provide a potential therapeutic approach to prevent POAF in this group of patients.
Arm 1 will commence the comprehensive maternal nutrition intervention at 3-7 months postpartum. Delivery of the intervention will be monitored biweekly by collection of empty and unused sachets of the lipid-based supplement (LNS), maternal report, and casual observation of household behavior. Arm 1 participants will be weighed monthly and Body Mass Index (BMI) calculated. If BMI \<20 an additional energy supplement will be provided. Menstrual history will be obtained at each visit and a urine pregnancy test will be performed if menses is delayed.
This invention relates generally to in vitro methods for inducing or enhancing expression of enteric bacterial antigens and/or virulence factors thereby producing antigenically enhanced enteric bacteria, to methods for using antigenically enhanced enteric bacteria and to vaccines comprising antigenically enhanced enteric bacteria. A Shigella bacterium having enhanced antigenic property is disclosed. A culture medium useful for culturing the Shigella comprises 0.05% to 3% bile or 0.025% to 0.6% of one or more bile acids or salts. In addition a divalent cation chelator can also be included in the culture medium. The bacteria culture is in a growth phase at early log phase and between early log phase and stationary phase. The enhanced antigenic property is a higher level of an immunogenic antigen when compared to the antigenic property of the same bacteria grown on brain heart infusion broth. Also, antibodies to Shigella bacteria or Shigella bacteria in samples are detected by immunoassays.
The invention relates to a medicine for curing hepatitis, hepatic fibrosis and liver cirrhosis and a preparation technology of the medicine. The medicine uses Cordyceps sinensis, notoginseng, Loach Protein, Turtle Shell and peach kernel. The Chinese herbal medicines respectively adopt the crafts such as shattering, aqueous extract and acid hydrolysis extraction. The extractant are produced into dry product by the technologies of cryoprecipitation, concentration and drying, and are respectively processed into granules, or fine particles to be packed in the capsules to form capsules. The invention cures 78 hepatic fibrosis, and total efficiency is 83.33%, which is obviously higher than the 60.52% (P is less than 0.05) of the comparison group. According to the clinical research, the invention can reduce the Alanine converzyme, protect the liver function, reduce the collagen fiber content and prevent the liver cirrhosis. Compared with the prior medicine, the invention has the advantages of good efficacy, taking conveniently, no side effect, wide medicine resources and advanced preparation technology. According to the clinical application, the invention is an ideal medicine for curing hepatitis, hepatic fibrosis and liver cirrhosis.
PURPOSE:To obtain the title wheat flour having mild digestion and absorption and excellent taste and texture and useful for patients of diabetes mellitus, by retaining wheat flour and edible fatty acid compound having amphipathic property in a specific ratio and prescribed temperature range in the presence of water and binding the wheat to the fatty acid compound. CONSTITUTION:100 pts.wt. raw material wheat and 2-50 pts.wt. edible fatty acid compound having amphipathic property are retained at 0-40 deg.C, preferably in the presence of 10-10000 pts.wt. water. and the above-mentioned fatty acid compound is bound to a starch material in the above-mentioned raw material wheat so that amylose content of the starch material may be preferably 40-95% to provide the objective wheat flour.
Previous studies have shown that stressful stimuli induced an adaptive response of reduced nociception, known as stress-induced analgesia (SIA). Since orexin neuropeptides are involved in pain modulation, and orexin neurons, primarily located in the lateral hypothalamus (LH), project to various hippocampal regions, such as the dentate gyrus (DG), the current study aimed to examine the role of orexin receptors within the DG region in the restraint SIA in the animal model of chronic pain. One hundred-thirty adult male Wistar rats (230-250 g) were unilaterally implanted with a cannula above the DG region. Animals were given SB334867 or TCS OX2 29 (1, 3, 10, and 30 nmol, 0.5 µl/rat) into the DG region as orexin-1 receptor (OX1r) and orexin-2 receptor (OX2r) antagonists, respectively, five min before exposure to a 3-hour restraint stress (RS) period. Animals were then undergone the formalin test to assess pain-related behaviors as the animal model of chronic pain. The results showed that RS produces an analgesic response during the early and late phases of the formalin test. However, intra-DG microinjection of OX1r and OX2r antagonists attenuated the restraint SIA. OX2r antagonist was more potent than OX1r antagonist in the early phase of the formalin test, while OX1r antagonist was little more effective in the late phase. Predominantly, it could be concluded that the orexinergic system in the DG region might act as a potential endogenous pain control system and a novel target for treating stress-related disorders.
Subjects will be randomized to 2 of the doses selected from Part 1 and placebo in a 1:1:1 ratio. L-citrulline will be administered to the active arm.
PCT No. PCT/AU92/00473 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 5, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 5, 1994 PCT Filed Sep. 4, 1992 PCT Pub. No. WO93/05166 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 18, 1993Methods are described for the separation of cells of different types using dielectrophoresis; for the electrochemical selection of cells by the dielectrophoretic attraction of ligand bearing cells into contact with an electrode bearing a complimentary ligand; and for the fusion of an individually isolated cell with another cell or a vector using dielectrophoresis to manipulate the cells or the cell and the vector into juxtaposition so that they may be fused.
Osteoporosis is a common bone metabolic disease that causes a heavy social burden and seriously threatens life. Improving osteogenic capacity is necessary to correct bone mass loss in the treatment of osteoporosis. Osteoblasts are derived from the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, a process that opposes adipogenic differentiation. The peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ and Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathways mediate the mutual regulation of osteogenesis and adipogenesis. Lipid substances play an important role in the occurrence and development of osteoporosis. The content and proportion of lipids modulate the activity of immunocytes, mainly macrophages, and the secretion of inflammatory factors, such as IL‑1, IL‑6 and TNF‑α. These inflammatory effectors increase the activity and promote the differentiation of osteoclasts, which leads to bone imbalance and stronger bone resorption. Obesity also decreases the activity of antioxidases and leads to oxidative stress, thereby inhibiting osteogenesis. The present review starts by examining the bidirectional differentiation of BM‑MSCs, describes in detail the mechanism by which lipids affect bone metabolism, and discusses the regulatory role of inflammation and oxidative stress in this process. The review concludes that a reasonable adjustment of the content and proportion of lipids, and the alleviation of inflammatory storms and oxidative damage induced by lipid imbalances, will improve bone mass and treat osteoporosis.
BACKGROUND: Group B streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae) (GBS) is a rare cause of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) occurring in patients with comorbidities and seems to be associated with a poor outcome. Depiction of GBS PJI is scarce in the literature.
METHODS: A retrospective survey in 2 referral centers for bone joint infections was done Patients with a history of PJI associated with GBS between 2014 and 2019 were included. A descriptive analysis of treatment failure was done. Risk factors of treatment failure were assessed.
RESULTS: We included 61 patients. Among them, 41 had monomicrobial (67%) infections. The median duration of follow-up was 2 years (interquartile range 2.35) Hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus were the most reported comorbidities (49%, 50%, and 36% respectively). Death was observed in 6 individuals (10%) during the initial management. The rate of success was 63% (26/41). Removal of the material was not associated with remission (p = 0.5). We did not find a specific antibiotic regimen associated with a better outcome.
CONCLUSION: The results show that S. agalactiae PJIs are associated with high rates of comorbidities and a high treatment failure rate with no optimal treatment so far.
FIELD: biotechnology, genetic engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes the novel recombinant attenuated strain of bacterium Salmonella tryphimurium T10/pKHBc that is obtained by method of genetic transformation of the strain Salmonella typhimurium T10 with plasmid pKHBc. The strain provides constitutive synthesis of HbcAg (core antigen of hepatitis B virus). After administration of the strain to laboratory animals it causes induction of specific anti-VGV antibodies and specific cellular response. The novel strain can be used for construction of live vaccine against hepatitis B. EFFECT: valuable medicinal properties of strain and antigen. 2 dwg, 1 tbl, 2 ex
In the method for eliminating the bitterness by extraction of bitter substances from bitter lupins, the lupins are first finly ground, preferably in a ball-mill, and cold washed in counter-current relationship by successive steps with solutions of lupin extracts having different concentrations, water being used as a solvent. The filtration cake obtained by extraction is dried. The solutions enriched with lupin extracts are stored, possibly concentrated, and also dried. The device for implementing the method comprises, in addition to the ball-mill (1), an extractor (2) having a flat filter bed and a plurality of storage chambers (3) for the solutions of lupin extracts, those storage chambers being interconnected and connected to the extractor. Once the bitterness has been removed from the lupins, the latter constitute a valuable food and fodder product, of which the albumin and fat content corresponds approximately to that of the bitter lupins. In addition, the lupin extracts containing bitter substances have a powerful effect on the growth of plants and are useful as pharmaceuticals and in combating many plant parasites.
BACKGROUND: Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio (AAR) is one of the most frequent indicators to discriminate fibrosis and cirrhosis. However, the results remained controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive effect of AAR on hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related cirrhosis development.
METHOD: A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on 1754 chronic HBV-infected patients. Clinical variables at their initial visit and follow-up data were collected. Cox proportional hazards model was constructed to evaluate the predictive value of AAR on cirrhosis risk, and its discrimination accuracy was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC). The time-dependent effect was assessed by a Fine and Gray competing risk model.
RESULTS: Compared to patients with lower AAR, those with elevated AAR level had higher risk of cirrhosis development by adjusting for host characteristics (dichotomized analyses: hazard ratio = 2.77, P = 8.25 × 10 -4 ; tertile analyses: hazard ratio = 2.95, P = 1.61 × 10 -3 ), with an increasing risk trend ( Ptrend = 4.56 × 10 -4 ). The effect remained prominent when ALT or AST was abnormal, while no significant risk was observed when AST and ALT were simultaneously normal. Time-dependent effect analysis demonstrated a persistently higher risk, with the average hazard ratio equivalent to 1.92. AAR level could improve the discrimination efficacy of host variables with area under the curve increased from 0.684 to 0.711 ( P  =  0.039 ).
CONCLUSION: Higher AAR was significantly associated with increased risk of HBV-related cirrhosis, and might be a potential predictor of cirrhosis development.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To describe an active-learning laboratory on urinary incontinence (UI) and its effect on students' confidence and comfort in addressing UI.
EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY AND SETTING: Second year pharmacy students (n = 98) participated in an active-learning laboratory focused on UI with four components: catheter lecture and demonstration, UI product overview, hands-on practice with UI absorbent products, and a debrief on the activity focused on difficult conversations. Students completed an optional retrospective pre-post survey at the end of the laboratory including five confidence questions, ranking of activities in the laboratory, and open-ended responses on how to change the activity as well as what was one takeaway from the debrief. Descriptive statistics assessed survey responses. Changes in student confidence were assessed using paired t-tests. Thematic analysis was used for the open-ended debrief question.
FINDINGS: Of the 101 students who participated in the laboratory, 98 students completed the pre/post-survey (response rate: 97%). Students demonstrated a significant increase in their confidence in all five areas assessed. The hands-on activity with the absorbent products was rated as the most useful activity. The themes from the debrief on difficult conversations included: self-awareness, expanding viewpoints, cultural sensitivity, and professional duty. Student feedback on the UI active-learning laboratory was largely positive, with most students suggesting no changes (n = 75) to the activity.
SUMMARY: An active-learning laboratory on UI helped improve confidence and was well received by pharmacy students.
Graft spasm is a common complication of bypass procedures and can result in ischemia or graft thrombosis. Described herein is use of botulinum toxin to prevent graft spasm in bypass surgery. The technique was used in extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgeries, with the harvested graft treated ex vivo with botulinum toxin before the anastomosis was performed. Post-bypass vascular imaging demonstrated patency and the absence of spasm in grafts, without any immediate endothelial or vessel wall damage. Postoperative angiograms were without graft spasm in all cases. Botulinum toxin can therefore be used to prevent graft spasm and maintaining patency in cerebral revascularization procedures.
UltraSal-ER is for external use only. Do not permit UltraSal-ER to contact eyes or mucous membranes. If contact with eyes or mucous membranes occurs, immediately flush with water for 15 minutes. UltraSal-ER should not be allowed to contact normal skin surrounding the wart site, since localized irritation may occur. Treatment should be discontinued if excessive irritation occurs.

UltraSal-ER is flammable. Keep away from fire or flame. Keep bottle tightly capped when not in use.
A method and system for isolating trichomes from plant matter. The method and system are applied to biomass including trichomes bound to structural plant material. The biomass is combined with a solution including a chelating agent for loosening chemical bonds that include cations, and that bind trichomes to the structural plant matter. The biomass is agitated in the solution for separating the trichomes from the structural plant material. After agitation, the solution is filtered to remove the structural plant material and at least a portion of the solution from the trichomes. Any remaining solution may be separated from the trichomes by further dewatering. The separated trichomes may be dried and pressed into pellets. The separated trichomes may be rinsed with a solution comprising a reducing agent.
Although dietary potassium restriction is an acceptable approach to hyperkalemia prevention, it may be insufficient for outpatients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Most outpatients with CKD use community pharmacies owing to the free access scheme in Japan. The MieYaku-CKD project included a community pharmacist-led nutritional intervention for dietary potassium restriction, with the goal of determining its efficacy for patients' awareness of potassium restriction and serum potassium levels in outpatients with CKD. This was a five-community pharmacy multicenter prospective cohort study with an open-label, before-and-after comparison design. Eligible patients (n = 25) with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 45 mL/min/1.73 m2 received nutritional guidance from community pharmacists. The primary outcome was a change in serum potassium levels at 12 weeks post-intervention. The eligible patients' knowledge, awareness, and implementation of potassium restriction were evaluated using a questionnaire. The median value of serum potassium was significantly reduced from 4.7 mEq/L before to 4.4 mEq/L after the intervention [p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.156-0.500], with no changes in eGFR (p = 0.563, 95% CI: -2.427-2.555) and blood urine nitrogen/serum creatinine ratio (p = 0.904, 95% CI: -1.793-1.214). The value of serum potassium had a tendency of attenuation from 5.3 to 4.6 mEq/L (p = 0.046, 95% CI: 0.272-1.114) in the eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 group. A questionnaire revealed that after the intervention, knowledge and attitudes regarding dietary potassium restriction were much greater than before, suggesting that the decrease in serum potassium levels may be related to this nutritional guidance. Our findings indicate that implementing a dietary potassium restriction guidance program in community pharmacies is feasible and may result in lower serum potassium levels in outpatients with CKD.
PURPOSE:To obtain a skin-beautifying cosmetic having high safety to skin and effective in suppressing the formation of melanin pigment and in rapidly bleaching dark skin, by compounding calcium hopantenate with urocanic acid and/or its ester. CONSTITUTION:The objective cosmetic contains (A) calcium hopantenate and (B) urocanic acid and/or its ester as essential components. The amount of the component A is 0.05-2.0wt.%, preferably 0.1-1.5wt.% and that of the component B is 0.05-3.0wt.% based on the whole cosmetic. The ultraviolet-absorbing capability of the component B prevents the blackening of melanin pigment and inhibits the formation of melanin pigment. The component A can be applied even to sunburnt skin without causing skin irritation and is effective in promoting the blood flow of the skin and the dermatic function. The above effect can be achieved by the synergistic effect of both components.
Patients randomized to SMT group will be received 2 introductory sessions and 15 treatment sessions. SMT will include training of stress manage-ment skills, progressive muscle relaxation,positive imagery, assertiveness training, and problem solving.
The efficacy of SINGULAIR tablets for the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis was investigated in 5 similarly designed, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo- and active-controlled (loratadine) trials conducted in North America. The 5 trials enrolled a total of 5029 patients, of whom 1799 were treated with SINGULAIR tablets. Patients were 15 to 82 years of age with a history of seasonal allergic rhinitis, a positive skin test to at least one relevant seasonal allergen, and active symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis at study entry. 

The period of randomized treatment was 2 weeks in 4 trials and 4 weeks in one trial. The primary outcome variable was mean change from baseline in daytime nasal symptoms score (the average of individual scores of nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, nasal itching, sneezing) as assessed by patients on a 0-3 categorical scale. 

Four of the five trials showed a significant reduction in daytime nasal symptoms scores with SINGULAIR 10-mg tablets compared with placebo. The efficacy results of one trial are shown below; the remaining three trials that demonstrated efficacy showed similar results. The mean changes from baseline in daytime nasal symptoms score in the treatment groups that received SINGULAIR tablets, loratadine and placebo are shown in TABLE 4.