anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
An orthodontic workstation stores a library of virtual three-dimensional brackets in a memory. Each of the virtual brackets has a unique three-dimensional configuration and prescription. Typically, the library of bracket comprises a library of commercially available, off-the-shelf brackets. The workstation further includes an interactive treatment planning program that permits a user to move teeth from a virtual model of the dentition to a proposed set-up. In one possible embodiment, the treatment planning program provides the ability to display a virtual bracket placed on a virtual tooth and change the prescription or configuration of the virtual bracket. The treatment program automatically compares the modified prescription with the prescription information of the virtual brackets in the library and selects a bracket from the library that most closely matches the virtual bracket displayed on the tooth. Thus, the user does not have to use customized brackets. Any deviation in tooth position resulting from a discrepancy between the off-the-shelf bracket and the user-defined bracket can be corrected for by changing the position of the bracket on the tooth or by changing the shape of the archwire.
Only a few studies focus on clinical diseases like neuropathic pain or neurogenic pain. Little is known about the differences between normal and pathogenic pain processing. It is an opportunity to apply EEG, ERPs in the clinical fields. In many clinical conditions, brain lesions provide a chance to study the possible roles of one neural structure in pain integration and processing. In addition the applications of EEG/ERPs on clinical conditions may be help in the understanding about mechanism and genesis of pain in pathogenic conditions, the diagnosis of pathogenic pain, and the therapeutic aspects of these abnormal pain senses.

One limit in the study of human pain is the inappropriate stimulation method. Evoked potentials by contact heat have previously been difficult to elicit due to slow temperature rise times associated with thermal stimulators. However recently, the CHEPS (Contact Heat-Evoked Potential Stimulator) is developed, which uses a newly developed heat-foil technology and can create a rapid heating rate (up to 70°C/sec). The baseline and peak temperature and the rising time can be precisely controlled. It provides a non-invasive technique in the investigation of human pain activation related to thermal and nociceptive pathways involved in pain processing. Unlike the heat stimulation delivered by laser, CHEPS can deliver noxious thermal stimuli repeatedly to a large area of skin to evoke a pain response of A-Delta and C fibers. In addition the rate of stimulation can be rapid to lead to the effect of temporal summation. When used with an EEG recording system, a patient's responses to pain perception and evoked potentials (EPs) can be recorded, which provide objective information about integrity of the nociceptive afferents of peripheral nerve system, spinal cord, as well as the brain response of different structures. The CHEPS provide the investigators a practical and convenient tool in clinical application to study pain. The investigators will use the CHEPS as stimulation for studying the heat evoked potentials and analyze the difference between the normal subjects and patients with peripheral nerve diseases. These might help to clarify the mechanism of neuropathic pain.
The screening of patients in the community is important and is a commonly used indicator to detect, prevent, and treat abnormal health changes. As such, the South African Department of Health following the initiative of the World Health Organization has appointed ward-based community health care workers through a primary health care reengineering program. The main objective of their appointment was to screen household members to reduce the burden of diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. As such, the study investigated the importance of using non-communicable disease screening tools by ward-based community health care workers in South Africa. A qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive design was used. A non-probability purposive sampling method was used to select forty participants from primary health care facilities. Four focus group discussions were held with ten participants in each group. Semi-structured focus group discussions were held with participants in their workplaces. Content data analysis was applied to come up with one theme and six subthemes. The study findings revealed that the use of screening tools facilitated comprehensive household assessments, helped identify risk factors and symptoms, and facilitated health education and patient referrals. The continuous supply of screening tools and updates on their use was recommended to reduce the rate and burden caused by non-communicable diseases to society at large.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the time elapsed from injury to definitive surgery necessitated delay in type III pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures. Preliminary fracture reduction was recommended in these fractures while waiting for operative treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether preliminary reduction afforded a better treatment experience and improved outcomes. A retrospective cohort analysis of 161 type III supracondylar humerus fractures compared treatment with preliminary closed fracture reduction and delayed percutaneous pin placement (110 children) to delayed combined closed reduction and pin placement (51 children) in a children's medical center. Of the preliminary reduction group, 22 (20%) required analgesic pain relief, compared to 18 (35%) in the non-preliminary reduction group ( P  = 0.037), and the preliminary reduction group had statistically less pain (assessed using the Faces Pain Scale-Revised rating) the first night after injury and the first-night post-CRPP ( P  = 0.019, P  = 0.008). Cast splitting was more frequent in the non-preliminary reduction group, 11 patients (22%) than in the preliminary reduction group, 10 patients (9%; P  = 0.029). The operative times in the preliminary reduction group were shorter ( P  < 0.001). If delay is necessary for complete repair of type III supracondylar humerus fractures, a preliminary fracture reduction with a temporary cast can be recommended, as these children will experience a more comfortable interval, with less swelling and pain, and potentially a shorter operation. Level of Evidence: Level III-therapeutic study.
The impact of fever and its management in different medical and surgical populations of critically ill patients has not been explained to date. Clinical trials in critically ill surgical patients have demonstrated null or potentially harmful effects of treatment of moderate degrees of fever. However, the pathophysiological effects of fever treatment are not well defined according to different patient populations, and clinical trial results are questionably generalized to medical ICU patients. This may relate to different mechanisms of fever in these populations and merits further investigation. There is also very little known about the exact timing of expression of the diverse pro and anti-inflammatory mediators involved in inducing, maintaining and eventually abrogating the fever response. Treating on the sole basis of an elevated temperature may lead to detrimental effects if the anti-inflammatory cascade naturally regulating this response is active, demonstrating the importance of understanding the normal pattern of regulation of these diverse mediators. The current study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of treatment of critically ill patients with a permissive versus aggressive fever treatment strategy. In addition, the effect of anti-pyretic therapy on markers of inflammation in neurologically intact critically ill adults will be evaluated.

The study population will be neurologically intact febrile adults (≥18 years) admitted to the Peter Lougheed Center (PLC) or Foothills Medical Center (FMC) ICU over a 12-month period in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Consenting patients that fulfill enrolment criteria will be randomly allocated to either the permissive or aggressive treatment group (see Interventions section for details). Randomization will be concealed using the consecutively numbered sealed opaque envelope technique. Samples of blood will be collected from study patients at enrolment and subsequently at 12, 24 and 48 hours for assessment of inflammatory mediators.

Markers of feasibility will include the rate of enrolment, adherence of patients to assigned treatment regimen/protocol violation, acceptance of the protocol by staff, and facility and maintenance of random allocation technique. Markers of safety will include potential adverse events such as 28-day survival, nosocomial infection rate, and evidence of myocardial ischemia, or hepatocellular inflammation during the febrile episode.
The present invention concerns inhibition of SHIP expression and/or function in mammalian subjects to direct HSC from the bone marrow to other sites in the body (such as the spleen and/or liver), where they then re-establish blood cell production. The method of the invention can be employed, for example, to rescue or enhance blood cell recovery during bone marrow impairment due to bone-seeking radioisotope exposure, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, infection, or genetic or congenital defects. Preferably, inhibition of SHIP expression and/or function is achieved by administering an effective amount of one or more SHIP inhibitors to the subject. In one embodiment, the subject is suffering from, or at risk of developing, bone marrow failure (such as an aplastic bone marrow failure syndrome). In another embodiment, the subject is suffering from, or at risk of, exposure to a bone-seeking radioisotope. In another embodiment, the subject is suffering from, or at risk of developing, fibrotic or damaged bone marrow due to chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy for cancer.
Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation is considered as a central driver of liver fibrosis and effective suppression of HSC activation contributes to the treatment of liver fibrosis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to be important in tumor progression. However, the contributions of circRNAs in liver fibrosis remain largely unclear. The liver fibrosis-specific circRNA was explored by a circRNA microarray and cVIM (a circRNA derived from exons 4 to 8 of the vimentin gene mmu_circ_32994) was selected as the research object. Further studies revealed that cVIM, mainly expressed in the cytoplasm, may act as a sponge for miR-122-5p and miR-9-5p to enhance expression of type I TGF-β receptor (TGFBR1) and TGFBR2 and promotes activation of the TGF-β/Smad pathway, thereby accelerating the progression of liver fibrosis. Our results demonstrate a vital role for cVIM in promoting liver fibrosis progression and provide a fresh perspective on circRNAs in liver fibrosis.
The invention discloses a method for constructing an action target of a medicinal component of a compound red sage root tablet for treating coronary heart disease. The method. The method adopts liquid phase mass spectrometry to analyze blood component of the compound red sage root tablet, and screens the action target point of the blood component of the compound red sage root tablet through a pharmaceutical database; screening differential expression genes of the compound red sage root tablet for treating coronary heart disease by using transcriptome sequencing; finally, the action target point of the blood component is intersected with the differential expression gene, so that the action target point based on the actual drug effect is obtained. And the pharmacodynamic target point is related to the blood entering component to construct a network of the blood entering component-pharmacodynamic effect target point. Compared with the prior art, the construction method is based on actual efficacy, scientific and reasonable, and can more comprehensively and accurately explain the action mechanism of the compound red sage root tablet. The obtained medicinal effect component group has strong association specificity, can be used as a quality marker of the compound red sage root tablet, and is applied to the detection and control of the quality of the compound red sage root tablet; the obtained target spot can be used as a potential target spot for treating coronary heart disease.
We present the case of a 68-year-old female who presented with a substantial cyclodialysis after phacoemulsification identified by anterior segment optical coherence tomography and ultrasound biomicroscopy. Gonioscopy is challenging because of its shallow anterior chamber. Due to lack of response to topical steroids and refusal by the patient for surgical treatment, topical steroids were tapered, and cycloplegic was initiated. After two weeks, the cyclodialysis cleft was closed on optical coherence tomography persisting residual subchoroidal fluid, topical treatment was mantained. Despite of this, visual acuity and hypotony were restored. Finally at 2 months visit subchoroidal fluid was reabsorbed and patient was discharged. Clinics should consider the possibility of cyclodialysis in cases of unjustified hypotony during postoperative period. In addition, we recommend performing anterior segment imaging which includes ultrasound biomicroscopy and optical coherence tomography, when the evaluation of angular structures is unfeasible. Finally, we propose medical management for severe cyclodialysis as the first option considering anti-inflammatory drugs could perpetrate the separation between scleral spur and ciliary muscle.
Venlafaxine will be administered orally at the starting dose of 37.5mg daily (titration allowed to desired effect and tolerability per treating physician). Maximum dose allowed will be 75mg per day. One cycle is defined as 28 +/- 7 days.
Conclusions regarding the efficacy of ATROVENT HFA Inhalation Aerosol were derived from two randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical studies. These studies enrolled males and females ages 40 years and older, with a history of COPD, a smoking history of > 10 pack- years, an FEV1 < 65% and an FEV1/FVC < 70%.

One of the studies was a 12-week randomized, double-blind active and placebo controlled study in which 505 of the 507 randomized COPD patients were evaluated for the safety and efficacy of 42 mcg (n=124) and 84 mcg (n=126) ATROVENT HFA Inhalation Aerosol in comparison to 42 mcg (n=127) Atrovent® (ipratropium bromide) Inhalation Aerosol CFC and their respective placebos (HFA n=62, CFC n=66). Data for both placebo HFA and placebo CFC were combined in the evaluation.

Serial FEV1 (shown in Figure 1, below, as means adjusted for center and baseline effects on test day 1 and test day 85 (primary endpoint)) demonstrated that 1 dose (2 inhalations/21 mcg each) of ATROVENT HFA Inhalation Aerosol produced significantly greater improvement in pulmonary function than placebo. During the six hours immediately post-dose on day 1, the average hourly improvement in adjusted mean FEV1 was 0.148 liters for ATROVENT HFA Inhalation Aerosol (42 mcg) and 0.013 liters for placebo. The mean peak improvement in FEV1, relative to baseline, was 0.295 liters, compared to 0.138 liters for placebo. During the six hours immediately post-dose on day 85, the average hourly improvement in adjusted mean FEV1 was 0.141 liters for ATROVENT HFA Inhalation Aerosol (42 mcg) and 0.014 liters for placebo. The mean peak improvement in FEV1, relative to baseline, was 0.295 liters, compared to 0.140 liters for placebo.

ATROVENT HFA Inhalation Aerosol (42 mcg) was shown to be clinically comparable to ATROVENT Inhalation Aerosol CFC (42 mcg).

Figure 1 Day 1 and Day 85 (Primary Endpoint) Results   


In this study, both Atrovent® HFA (ipratropium bromide HFA) Inhalation Aerosol and Atrovent® (ipratropium bromide) Inhalation Aerosol CFC formulations were equally effective in patients over 65 years of age and under 65 years of age.

The median time to improvement in pulmonary function (FEV1 increase of 15% or more) was within approximately 15 minutes, reached a peak in 1-2 hours, and persisted for 2 to 4 hours in the majority of the patients. Improvements in Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) were also demonstrated.

The other study was a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled clinical study in 174 adults with COPD, in which ATROVENT HFA Inhalation Aerosol 42 mcg (n=118) was compared to ATROVENT Inhalation Aerosol CFC 42 mcg (n=56). Safety and efficacy of HFA and CFC formulations were shown to be comparable.

The bronchodilatory efficacy and comparability of Atrovent® HFA (ipratropium bromide HFA) Inhalation Aerosol vs. Atrovent® (ipratropium bromide) Inhalation Aerosol CFC were also studied in a one-year open-label safety and efficacy study in 456 COPD patients. The safety and efficacy of HFA and CFC formulations were shown to be comparable.
BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) stands as a persistent systemic inflammatory autoimmune condition. Despite this understanding, the precise impact of the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) on the prognosis of RA patients remains elusive. This study aims to elucidate the correlation between the inflammatory biomarker SIRI and both all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality among RA patients.
METHODS: Utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 1999 to 2020, a retrospective analysis was conducted. Survival data were depicted through Kaplan-Meier survival curves, while the relationship between SIRI and all-cause or cardiovascular mortality in RA patients was scrutinized via multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and restricted cubic spline plots. Furthermore, subgroup analysis and mediation analysis were also performed.
RESULTS: This study encompassed 2656 RA patients with a comprehensive 20-year follow-up, during which 935 all-cause deaths and 273 deaths attributed to cardiovascular disease were recorded. We observed a nonlinear positive correlation between SIRI with both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in RA patients. Notably, at a SIRI level of 1.12, the hazard ratio reached 1, indicating a shift from low to high mortality risk. Furthermore, mediation analysis revealed that 12.6% of the association between RA and mortality risk was mediated through SIRI. Subgroup analysis indicated a more pronounced association between SIRI and mortality in female patients or those with a high BMI.
CONCLUSION: This study underscores a non-linear positive correlation between the biomarker SIRI and both all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in RA patients.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims to summarize the latest publications on vitamin D focused on critically ill patients.
RECENT FINDINGS: Vitamin D deficiency is common in critically ill patients (children and adults) and associated with a higher risk for mortality and morbidity as well as sepsis, acute respiratory failure, acute renal failure and prolonged ICU stay. As it is an inexpensive substance with a wide safety margin, acute treatment in form of a loading dose in addition to ongoing maintenance therapy is an interesting option in the ICU. The potential benefit of acute native (biologically inactive) vitamin D treatment has not fully been answered but even a small survival benefit demonstrable in very large analyses could be relevant to critical care. To date, less than 5000 patients cumulative have been enrolled in randomized controlled trials concerning vitamin D, with substantial heterogeneity in trial design regarding population (with or without deficiency, coronavirus disease 2019, different age groups, underlying illnesses), metabolite, dosing, outcome, and more.
SUMMARY: More research is needed, but vitamin D supplementation represents a simple intervention with an excellent safety profile. As adequate vitamin D is essential to the health of multiple organ systems, rapid normalization of deficiency states could translate to benefits across the wide range of diagnoses and organ dysfunctions experienced in the ICU setting. As a minimum, we recommend administering the standard daily dose of vitamin D3 in the critically ill patient.
Chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB) affected 292 million individuals in the world in 2016 according to the Polaris Observatory estimation, translating to about 3.9% global prevalence. Up to 40% of patients with CHB will develop liver-related complications and there were 890,000 deaths from these complications in 2015. Current antiviral therapy is aimed to achieve effective viral suppression, biochemical remission, histological improvement, and risk reductions in liver-related complications including cirrhosis and liver cancer. Many patients require long-term oral nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA) since off-treatment sustained virological control can only be achieved in a minority of patients. For HBeAg-negative CHB patients, variable rates of durable virological response were observed after cessation of NA. Only a small proportion of HBeAg-negative Asian patients (\<10%) can successfully stop NA without virological breakthrough, compared to more than 60% of Caucasian patients maintaining a durable virologic response and even HBsAg seroclearance in up to 30%. Therefore, current guidelines in general recommend indefinite duration of NA therapy in HBeAg-negative patients, unless guaranteed close monitoring could be provided after cessation of NA in suitable subjects. Favourable factors predictive of partial cure include lower baseline HBV DNA, lower HBsAg titre or hepatitis B core-related antigen at NA cessation and longer duration of consolidation therapy in HBeAg-negative patients. There is lack of data in the immunological and virological profile in patients who stop their long-term NA, and in those who developed post-NA cessation flare.

The investigators aim to study the virological and immunological profile in patients who stopped long-term NA therapy, with or without post-NA cessation flare. In addition, the investigators would like to investigate the effect of mild flare after monitored NA-cessation on subsequent virological activity and HBsAg seroclearance.
The present invention generally relates systems, methods, and devices for treating an eye of a patient. In some embodiments, a system may be provided that includes a console for generating a treatment laser and an illumination light. The system may further include a treatment probe for delivering the illumination light to an eye so as to illuminate the ciliary process of the eye. With the illuminated ciliary process, the treatment probe may be aligned to deliver the treatment laser from the console to the ciliary process of the eye for the purpose of treating a patient for glaucoma. In some embodiments, a treatment probe may be provided with an illumination fiber for delivering light to specific portions of the eye or at desired angles in order to illuminate the ciliary process. In some embodiments a treatment probe may be configured to cooperate with a removable light pen for eye illumination.
PURPOSE:To obtain an agent for preventing and suppressing the onset of itchiness symptom by using eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and 2- linolenic acid as main components. CONSTITUTION:This itchiness preventing agent contains 40+ or -35wt.% of an oil and fat component containing at least one kind of highly unsaturated fatty acid, especially 15+ or -10wt.% of eicosapentaenoic acid, 15+ or -10wt.% of docosahexaenoic acid and 20+ or -10wt.% of 2-linolenic acid. It can be used as a drug or a food material having itchiness improving effect. The food material can improve the safety, processability and activity of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. It is continuously usable as a processed food for the treatment of itchiness, especially geriatricdiseases and hemorroids. The daily administration rate for adult is <=10g, preferably 0.1-2.0g.