anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
In a clinical study, patients with HT-1 were diagnosed by the presence of succinylacetone in urine or plasma and treated with nitisinone [see Clinical Studies (14)]. In all 186 patients whose urine succinylacetone was measured, the urinary succinylacetone concentration decreased to less than 1 mmol/mol creatinine, the lower limit of quantitation. The median time to normalization of urine succinylacetone was 0.3 months. The probability of recurrence of abnormal values of urine succinylacetone was 1% at a nitisinone concentration of 37 micromol/L (95% confidence interval: 23, 51 micromol/L). In 87% (150/172) of patients whose plasma succinylacetone was measured, the plasma succinylacetone concentration decreased to less than 0.1 micromol/L, the lower limit of quantitation. The median time to normalization of plasma succinylacetone was 3.9 months.

In another study, comparing two dosing regimens, succinylacetone was measured in urine and/or blood in 16 patients with HT-1 aged 5 years to 24 years. All study patients were on a stable nitisinone daily dosage (0.4 mg/kg/day to 1 mg/kg/day) during both study dosing regimens. After at least 4 weeks of twice daily dosing with nitisinone, both the urine and/or blood succinylacetone concentrations were below the limit of quantitation for the assay. Patients were then switched to once daily dosing with the same total daily dosage of nitisinone and blood and/or urine succinylacetone concentrations remained undetectable when measured following at least 4 weeks of treatment with once daily dosing.

Nitisinone inhibits catabolism of the amino acid tyrosine and can result in elevated plasma levels of tyrosine. Therefore, treatment with nitisinone requires restriction of the dietary intake of tyrosine and phenylalanine to prevent the toxicity associated with elevated plasma levels of tyrosine [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
Swallowing function training mainly includes indirect training, direct training, and compensatory techniques, once a day for 20 minutes each time. In addition, a low-frequency electric VitalStim swallowing therapy device (produced by Chattanooga, USA) was also used for electrical stimulation therapy. The treatment parameters were 700ms in width, two-way square wave, 0～25mA in amplitude, and 30～80Hz in fixed frequency. The A electrode of channel 1 is placed above the hyoid bone, and the B electrode is placed above the notch on the thyroid cartilage. The channel 2 electrode C and electrode D of the therapeutic apparatus are arranged vertically and equidistantly according to the electrode A and electrode B. After the electrodes are placed, turn on the power. The stimulation intensity is based on the maximum stimulation that the patient can tolerate. 1 time a day, 30min each time, a total of 4 weeks.
The laughter therapy program consists of 16 sessions, twice a week for eight weeks. Each session; It is planned to last 30-45 minutes with a maximum of 25 nurses.
PURPOSE: Given the paucity of data on pediatric spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM), management is largely informed by extrapolation from adult studies or personal clinical experience, resulting in significant heterogeneity. The purpose of this study was to describe how pediatric patients with SPM are clinically managed at our institution and propose a treatment algorithm.
METHODS: Retrospective chart review of pediatric patients with SPM from April 2002 to December 2021 at a single Canadian tertiary care center. Data on medical history, presentation characteristics, clinical management, and complications were gathered. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data.
RESULTS: We identified 63 patients for inclusion, median age was 15 years. Twenty-nine patients were transferred from another facility. Most common presenting symptoms were chest pain (72.3%), shortness of breath (44.6%), and subcutaneous emphysema (21.5%). Initial workup included chest x-ray (93.6%), CT scan (20.6%), and upper GI series (7.9%). There was no difference in the number of initial tests between admitted and discharged patients (p = 0.10). Of admitted patients (n = 35), 31.4% had primary SPM (no underlying comorbidity/inciting event) and 68.8% were secondary SPM (underlying comorbidity/inciting event). No patients with primary SPM developed complications or recurrences. In contrast, 16.7% of those with secondary SPM developed complications and 54.2% had at least one additional intervention after admission.
DISCUSSION: There is significant variability in diagnostic investigation and treatment of pediatric SPM at our center. Amongst primary SPM, additional tests did not change complication rate or recurrence, including those transferred from another facility. An expeditious treatment algorithm is warranted.
TYPE OF STUDY: Retrospective Cohort Study.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.
Arm 1 of Expt. 1 includes women in the early follicular or mid-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and men with PTSD who receive IV Allo immediately after completion of extinction training.
Process for the production of film forming synthetic resins for hair fixative compositions by reacting a methylolated 5,5-dialkylhydantoin containing 1-5 carbon atoms in each alkyl group at an elevated temperature in the presence of a bifunctional acid amide and/or amine. Hair fixative compositions containing 2-10% by weight of the resin product as the major or sole resin compound. 
     This is a division of application Ser. No. 263,517, filed June 16, 1972, now Pat. No. 3,987,010.
Based on the inclusion criteria, 2000 gastric cancer patients will be recruited in the analysis. And a model will be constructed based on deep learning.
Agents for the temporary shaping of keratinic fibers are characterized by a pleasant product feel, light consistency and a lightweight application. The agents include in a cosmetically acceptable carrier, relative in each case to the total agent, 0.1 to 15 wt. % of monoesters of optionally alkylated sugars with C 6 -C 30  fatty acids, 0.1 to 15 wt. % of diesters of optionally alkylated sugars with C 6 -C 30  fatty acids, 0 to 50 wt. % of at least one film-forming polymer, 0 to 50 wt. % of at least one wax with a melting point in a range from 40° C. to 90° C., with the proviso that the proportion of component(s) c) and d) in the cosmetic agent is 0.2 to 50 wt. %.
Interrupted ER homeostasis contributes to the etiology of obesity cardiomyopathy although it remains elusive how ER stress evokes cardiac anomalies in obesity. Our study evaluated the impact of ER stress inhibition on cardiac anomalies in obesity. Lean and ob/ob obese mice received chemical ER chaperone tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA, 50 mg/kg/d, p.o.) for 35 days prior to evaluation of glucose sensitivity, echocardiographic, myocardial geometric, cardiomyocyte mechanical and subcellular Ca2+ property, mitochondrial integrity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and ferroptosis. Intracellular Ca2+ governing domains including sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) were monitored by45Ca2+uptake and immunoblotting. Our results noted that TUDCA alleviated myocardial remodeling (fibrosis, hypertrophy, enlarged LVESD), echocardiographic anomalies (compromised fractional shortening and ejection fraction), cardiomyocyte contractile dysfunction (amplitude and velocity of cell shortening, relengthening time) and intracellular Ca2+ anomalies (compromised subcellular Ca2+ release, clearance and SERCA function), mitochondrial damage (collapsed membrane potential, downregulated mitochondrial elements and ultrastructural alteration), ER stress (GRP78, eIF2α and ATF4), oxidative stress, apoptosis and ferroptosis [downregulated SLC7A11, GPx4 and upregulated transferrin receptor (TFRC)] without affecting global glucose sensitivity and serum Fe2+ in obese mice. Obesity-evoked change in HSP90, phospholamban and Na+-Ca2+ exchanger was spared by the chemical ER chaperone. Moreover, in vitro results noted that TUDCA, PERK inhibitor GSK2606414, TFRC neutralizing antibody and ferroptosis inhibitor LIP1 mitigated palmitic acid-elicited changes in lipid peroxidation and mechanical function. Our findings favored a role for ferroptosis in obesity cardiomyopathy downstream of ER stress.
Children in the intervention group will receive a protein-energy enriched milk (Infatrini®, or in the case of children on a partial or fully hydrolized milk Infatrini Peptisorb®). The volume of milk offered will be the same quantity as they usually drink at home (within the limits of 120-170 ml/kg/day). The intervention will be carried out during the first 7 days of hospitalisation, or until the day of discharge (if hospitalized for less than 7 days).
Sinomenine derivatives, synthetic methods and uses thereof are disclosed. The said sinomenine derivatives include oxidized derivatives and C-10 substituted derivatives of sinomenine. Aiming at phenolic hydroxyl group existing in sinomenine which is easy to be oxidized, sinomenine derivatives are synthesized by oxidation, oxidation and de-aromatization, conjugate addition-aromatization to introduce substituent groups on C-10. The sinomenine derivatives have the following structure formule (I). The synthesized compounds are evaluated for their inhibition activity of tumor necrosis factor α (THF-α) in vitro. The results show that most compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory activity. Some compounds exhibit better activity than sinomenine. The said compounds can be used for the treatment of immune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Parastomal hernia (PSH) is a prevalent long-term morbidity associated with stoma construction, and the optimal operative management remains uncertain. This study addresses the need for a standardized approach to symptomatic PSH repair, focusing on the robotic-assisted modified Sugarbaker technique with composite permanent mesh. The study, conducted in a high-volume colon and rectal surgery referral practice, outlines a systematic approach to patient selection, surgical procedures, and postoperative care. Preoperative evaluations include detailed medical and surgical histories, impact assessments of PSH, and oncological history reviews. The surgical technique involves the Da Vinci Xi™ robotic platform for adhesiolysis, hernia content reduction, stoma revision if needed, narrowing of the enlarged stoma trephine, lateralization of the stoma limb of bowel, and securing the mesh to the abdominal wall. Outcomes are reported for 102 patients undergoing robotic parastomal hernia repair from January 2021 to July 2023. Conversion to open surgery occurred in only one case (0.9%). Postoperative complications affected 39.2% of patients, with ileus being the most frequent (24.5%). Recurrence was observed in 5.8% of cases during an average follow-up of 10 months. In conclusion, parastomal hernia, a common complication post-stoma creation, demands surgical intervention. The robotic-assisted modified Sugarbaker repair technique, as outlined in this paper, offers promising results in terms of feasibility and outcomes.
A fluid composition comprises A) a branched organopolysiloxane and B) a carrier fluid. Component A) comprises the reaction product of a) a cyclic siloxane and b) a polyorganosiloxane, in the presence of a hydrosilylation catalyst. Component a) has at least two silicon-bonded alkenyl groups per molecule, and component b) has at least two silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms per molecule. The fluid composition has a viscosity of at least 100 mPa·s at 23° C. and exhibits pituitous rheological properties. The pituitous rheological properties are generally determined from a plot of normal force (in Pascals) vs a perpendicular shear rate in (sec −1 ). Also disclosed is a personal care composition that comprises the fluid composition. When formulated into a personal care composition, the fluid composition generally provides enhanced sensory and film-forming properties based on its pituitous rheological properties.
This study will extend the understanding of risk factors for drug or alcohol misuse, or other reward-related behaviors. The investigators previously showed that individuals who report occasional feelings of high energy and excitability experience less effect from a single dose of alcohol, compared to people who have not experienced these effects. Now the investigators wish to determine if this dampened response also occurs with other rewards, namely feelings of wellbeing after a dose of amphetamine, or liking of a sweet solution. Individuals who exhibit the BPP (i.e., periods of excitability) also are more likely to develop alcohol problems, substance misuse, and weight gain and obesity. Therefore, the investigators will test the working hypothesis that young adults who report having these experiences, based on a questionnaire measure (i.e., BPP individuals) will show dampened subjective responses to both single oral doses of amphetamine or sweet palatable tastes. The investigators will also obtain objective measures (e.g. Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia and heart rate) to amphetamine and sweet taste, to establish whether the dampened subjective response extends to physiological indices as well. This study will extend the previous literature regarding the blunted effects of alcohol in BPP individuals and will suggest possible mechanisms that promote broader addictive behaviors in individuals with mood disturbance. Importantly, the investigators are proposing to test individuals at a relatively young age, 18-19 years. This is important to identify a risk factor, that is thought to pre-date use of drugs. In older participants, it would be difficult to separate the role of the pre-existing trait from the effect of habitual drug or alcohol use that escalates markedly after age 20.
Withania somnifera, commonly known as Ashwagandha, has been popular for many years. Numerous studies have shown that the extract of this plant, due to its wealth of active substances, can induce anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-diabetic, adaptogenic, anti-arthritic, anti-stress, and antimicrobial effects. This review examines the impact of Ashwagandha extract on the vascular endothelium, inflammation, lipid metabolism, and cardiovascular outcomes. Studies have shown that Ashwagandha extracts exhibit an anti-angiogenic effect by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced capillary sprouting and formation by lowering the mean density of microvessels. Furthermore, the results of numerous studies highlight the anti-inflammatory role of Ashwagandha extract, as the action of this plant causes a decrease in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, withanolides, present in Ashwagandha root, have shown the ability to inhibit the differentiation of preadipocytes into adipocytes. Research results have also proved that W. somnifera demonstrates cardioprotective effects due to its antioxidant properties and reduces ischemia/reperfusion-induced apoptosis. It seems that this plant can be successfully used as a potential treatment for several conditions, mainly those with increased inflammation. More research is needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms by which the substances contained in W. somnifera extracts can act in the human body.
The acquisition of a motor skill involves adaptations of spinal and supraspinal pathways to alpha motoneurons. In this study, we estimated the shared synaptic contributions of these pathways to understand the neural mechanisms underlying the short-term acquisition of a new force-matching task. High-density surface electromyography (HDsEMG) was acquired from the first dorsal interosseous (FDI; 7 males and 6 females) and tibialis anterior (TA; 7 males and 4 females) during 15 trials of an isometric force-matching task. For two selected trials (pre- and post-skill acquisition), we decomposed the HDsEMG into motor unit spike trains, tracked motor units between trials, and calculated the mean discharge rate and the coefficient of variation of interspike interval (COVISI). We also quantified the post/pre ratio of motor units' coherence within delta, alpha, and beta bands. Force-matching improvements were accompanied by increased mean discharge rate and decreased COVISI for both muscles. Moreover, the area under the curve within alpha band decreased by ∼22% (TA) and ∼13% (FDI), with no delta or beta bands changes. These reductions correlated significantly with increased coupling between force/neural drive and target oscillations. These results suggest that short-term force-matching skill acquisition is mediated by attenuation of physiological tremor oscillations in the shared synaptic inputs. Supported by simulations, a plausible mechanism for alpha band reductions may involve spinal interneuron phase-cancelling descending oscillations. Therefore, during skill learning, the central nervous system acts as a matched filter, adjusting synaptic weights of shared inputs to suppress neural components unrelated to the specific task.
This trial is a multicenter, prospective, randomized, parallel controlled trial. A total of approximately 512 patients (35-80 years of age) with primary or recurrent sICAS (a recent TIA\[\<90 days\] or ischemic stroke \[14-90 days\] before enrollment attributed to 70-99% atherosclerotic stenosis of a major intracranial artery) receiving treatment with at least one antithrombotic drug and/or standard medical management of vascular risk factors will be enrolled. Patients fulfilling all of the inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria will be randomized into two groups according to the 1:1 ratio after offering informed content: 1) Experimental group will receive intracranial angioplasty plus aggressive medical management which is the same as the control group; 2) Control group will receive aggressive medical management only. Aggressive medical management includes 100 mg/day of aspirin during the follow-up period; 75 mg/day of clopidogrel within 90 days after enrollment, and whether clopidogrel should continue to be used depends on the actual situation of the subjects; 20-80mg/day of atorvastatin should be used during the year after enrollment, and dose adjustment to target LDL \<1.8mmol/L or \<70 mg/dl. Both groups will receive risk factors management including blood pressure to maintain 130-140/80-90 mmHg and LDL lower than 70 mg/dl or 1.8mmol/L. The primary objective is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intracranial angioplasty combined with aggressive medical management for symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis. The study consists of 11 visits including the day of screening and randomization, the day when the subject receive intracranial angioplasty and/or aggressive medical management, the day before the subject is discharged from hospital, 30, 90,180 days and 1 year after enrollment, and every half a year after then until the third year. Demographic information, symptoms and signs, laboratory test, neuro-imaging assessment neurological function rating scale will be recorded during the program. The trial is anticipated to last from October 2018 to May 2025 with 512 subjects recruited from 31 centers in China. All the related investigative organization and individuals will obey the Declaration of Helsinki and Chinese Good Clinical Practice standard. A Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) will regularly monitor safety during the study. The trial has been approved by the ethics committee of Beijing Tiantan Hospital and corresponding branch centers.
Vasopressin Injection may be administered IM or subcutaneously.

Ten units (0.5 mL) of Vasopressin Injection will usually elicit full physiologic response in adult patients; 5 units (0.25 mL) will be adequate in many cases. Vasopressin Injection should be given IM at three or four hour intervals as needed. The dosage should be proportionately reduced for pediatric patients. (For an additional discussion of dosage, consult the sections below.)

When determining the dose of Vasopressin Injection for a given case, the following should be kept in mind:

It is particularly desirable to give a dose not much larger than is just sufficient to elicit the desired physiologic response. Excessive doses may cause undesirable side effects-blanching of the skin, abdominal cramps, nausea-which, though not serious, may be alarming to the patient. Spontaneous recovery from such side effects occurs in a few minutes. It has been found that one or two glasses of water given at the time Vasopressin Injection is administered reduces such symptoms.
One hundred and ten patients with macular edema (ME) secondary to BRVO are randomized (1:1) to treatment with intravitreal injections of aflibercept or ranibizumab. An initial loading dose of at least three monthly injections is given in the study eye until the ME is resolved. Then patients are observed at regular intervals, initially every four weeks until study completion. Total follow-up time is nine months from baseline to completion. If ME recurs, patients are treated according to a treat-and-extend algorithm.

At every visit, visual acuity (VA) is measured with an ETDRS chart at 4 m. The fundus is examined by indirect ophthalmoscopy and by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Macular ischemia is evaluated with OCT angiography (OCT-A), visual field status with computerised perimetry and retinal sensitivity with microperimetry. Choroidal thickness is evaluated with enhanced depth imaging (EDI) OCT. Vision related quality of life (QoL) with NEI VFQ25.
There have been no known experiences of overdose with diclofenac sodium topical solution.

Symptoms following acute NSAID overdose are usually limited to lethargy, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and epigastric pain, which are generally reversible with supportive care. Gastrointestinal bleeding can occur. Hypertension, acute renal failure, respiratory depression and coma may occur, but are rare. Anaphylactoid reactions have been reported with therapeutic ingestion of NSAIDs, and may occur following an overdose.

Manage patients using symptomatic and supportive care following an NSAID overdose. There are no specific antidotes. Emesis is not recommended due to a possibility of aspiration and subsequent respiratory irritation by DMSO contained in diclofenac sodium topical solution. Activated charcoal (60 to 100 g in adults, 1 to 2 g/kg in children) and/or osmotic cathartic may be indicated in patients seen within 4 hours of ingestion with symptoms or following a large overdose (5 to 10 times the usual dose). Forced diureses, alkalinization of urine, hemodialysis, or hemoperfusion may not be useful due to high protein binding.

For additional information about overdose treatment, call a poison control center (1-800-222-1222).
Study team member will approach mothers \< 24 hrs (up to 5 min prior) of CRC approach for NRN trial. During the consultation meeting (5 minutes), the study team member will review the pamphlet and answer any questions. Visits will ideally occur in person. If the mother is not at bedside, 1 attempt will be made to reach the mother by phone in which case the pamphlet will be forwarded by mail.