anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is an important regulatory protein for thioredoxin (TRX) that elicits the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by inhibiting the redox function of TRX. Abundant evidence suggests that TXNIP is involved in the fibrotic process of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the potential mechanism of TXNIP in DKD is not yet well understood. In this study, we found that TXNIP knockout suppressed renal fibrosis and activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and restored transcription factor EB (TFEB) and autophagy activation in diabetic kidneys. Simultaneously, TXNIP interference inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), collagen I and fibronectin expression, and mTORC1 activation, increased TFEB nuclear translocation, and promoted autophagy restoration in HK-2 cells exposed to high glucose (HG). Rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTORC1, increased TFEB nuclear translocation and autophagy in HK-2 cells under HG conditions. Moreover, the TFEB activators, curcumin analog C1 and trehalose, effectively restored HG-induced autophagy, and abrogated HG-induced EMT and collagen I and fibronectin expression in HK-2 cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that TXNIP deficiency ameliorates renal fibrosis by regulating mTORC1/TFEB-mediated autophagy in diabetic kidney diseases.
BACKGROUND: Physicians and associate (non-physician) clinicians conduct cesarean sections in Tanzania and Malawi. Urogenital fistulas may occur as complications of cesarean section. Location and circumstances can indicate iatrogenic origin as opposed to ischemic injury following prolonged, obstructed labor.
METHODS: This retrospective review assessed the frequency of iatrogenic urogenital fistulas following cesarean sections conducted by either associate clinicians or physicians in Tanzania and Malawi. It focuses on 325 women with iatrogenic fistulas among 1290 women who had fistulas after cesarean birth in Tanzania and Malawi between 1994 and 2017. An equivalence test compared the proportion of iatrogenic fistulas after cesarean sections performed by associate clinicians and physicians (equivalence margin = 0.135). Logistic regression was used to model the occurrence of iatrogenic fistula after cesarean section, controlling for cadre, date, maternal age, previous abdominal surgery and parity.
RESULTS: Associate clinicians attended 1119/1290 (86.7%) cesarean births leading to fistulas, while physicians attended 171/1290 (13.3%). Iatrogenic fistulas occurred in 275/1119 (24.6%) cesarean births by associate clinicians and in 50/171 (29.2%) cesarean births by physicians. The risk difference and 90% confidence interval were entirely contained within an equivalence margin of 13.5%, supporting a conclusion of equivalence between the two cadres. The odds of iatrogenic fistula after cesarean section were not statistically significantly different between associate clinicians and physicians (aOR 0.90; 95% CI 0.61-1.33).
CONCLUSIONS: Associate clinicians appear equivalent to physicians performing cesarean sections in terms of iatrogenic fistula risk. Lower iatrogenic proportions for associate clinicians could reflect different caseloads. The occurrence of iatrogenic fistulas illustrates the importance of appropriate labor management and cesarean section decision-making, irrespective of health provider cadre. Given the noninferior performance and lower costs of employing associate clinicians, other countries with insufficient and/or unequally distributed health workforces could consider task-shifting cesarean sections to associate clinicians.
PURPOSE: Healthy sleep is essential for individuals' physiological and psychological health. Health science students experience a high prevalence of sleep disturbances which may be due to maladaptive behaviors. This study aimed to examine the associations of sleep behaviors including sleep hygiene and bedtime procrastination with the associations of sleep disturbances (e.g., poor sleep quality, insomnia, and short sleep).
METHODS: This cross-sectional study included health science students from a medical university in Shanghai, China. Sleep disturbances included poor sleep quality, insomnia, and short sleep. They were measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and one question "How many hours of sleep did you usually get during the past week?", respectively. Sleep behaviors included sleep hygiene and bedtime procrastination measured by the Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI) and Bedtime Procrastination Scale (BPS), respectively. Logistic regression was performed while controlling for potential confounders.
RESULTS: A total of 464 health science students participated. Poorer overall sleep hygiene and more bedtime procrastination were independently associated with higher odds of poor sleep quality (OR=1.065, 95% CI 1.028-1.103; OR=1.040, 95% CI 1.006-1.075, respectively) and insomnia (OR=1.059, 95% CI 1.018-1.101; OR=1.093, 95% CI 1.049-1.139, respectively). More bedtime procrastination was associated with higher odds of short sleep (OR=1.148, 95% CI 1.093-1.206). Commonly reported specific sleep behaviors, such as "Going to bed later than intended", "Doing other things than sleep at bedtime", and "Easily stopping what I am doing at bedtime", were also related to higher odds of sleep disturbances.
CONCLUSIONS: Sleep hygiene and bedtime procrastination were strong predictors of sleep disturbances. Tailored interventions targeting specific sleep behaviors are warranted to clarify their effect on sleep disturbances.
Split-thickness skin graft (STSG) is a surgical procedure to repair losses of skin by transferring of a section of healthy skin (donor site) to replace the damaged tissue in another area of the body (recipient site). However, the patients will have a new wound at donor sites which need appropriate wound dressing to increase healing and reduce complications. Since silk sericin can form a dressing which can accelerate wound healing process and protect wound from environment, the aim of this study is to investigate how well silk sericin wound dressing cures STSG donor sites by comparing to Bactigras® which is a commonly used paraffin-impregnated fine mesh gauze. Silk sericin wound dressing is a promising material which can shorten the treatment course and reduce pain for the patients who have donor sites. This study design is a single-center, randomized, open and paralleled positive control study.18-60- year-old patients of both genders who undergo STSG at anterolateral thigh in Division of plastic and reconstructive surgery, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital from April 2012 to January 2013 will be recruited in the study. The thickness of donor sites fall between 0.15-0.45 mm (0.006-0.018 inches) and their sizes are at least 100 cm2. The exclusion criteria are donor sites other than thigh or located at high risk of infection. Patients who are immunocompromised or mental defect, who are unlikely to comply with protocol or pregnant or lactating or known hypersensitivity to the investigational products are also excluded. All subjects sign the informed consents after an overall discussion of the protocol, its rationale and the potential risks. Donor sites are equally divided into 2 parts; upper and lower part of the leg. Using a random number table allocation, silk sericin wound dressing is randomly applied on one half and the other half will be covered by Bactigras®. Postoperatively, surgeons will observe all donor sites daily for treatment evaluation and any possible local adverse events without removing the primary dressings, except there is excessive fluid leakage or any sign of infection. Patients assess for pain level in every observations by using Visual Analog Scale. Time for complete epithelialisation is duration between finishing surgical procedure and the dressing spontaneously peeling off from donor sites without causing pain. If there is any sign of infection such as swelling, edema, purulent discharge, bad odor, a swab evaluation at the suspected area will be done to find an appropriate management. Blood sample will be collected from patients pre- and postoperatively (with in 24h, day3 and before patient discharge) for CBC, blood glucose, electrolyte, hepatic and renal function analysis and proinflammatory cytokine measurement. This study may show any possible adverse events, both local and systemic effect, caused by silk sericin dressing. Proinflammatory cytokines patterns of the patients underwent STSG will be revealed in this study which may be relate to clinical outcomes.
Trial 1 was a randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority active controlled trial which evaluated the safety and efficacy of CRESEMBA versus voriconazole for primary treatment of invasive fungal disease caused by Aspergillus species or other filamentous fungi. Eligible patients had proven, probable, or possible invasive fungal infections per European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) criteria1. Patients were stratified by history of allogeneic bone marrow transplant, uncontrolled malignancy at baseline, and by geographic region. The mean age of patients was 51 years (range 17-87) and the majority were Caucasians (78%), male (60%), with fungal disease involving the lungs (95%). At least one Aspergillus species was identified in 30% of the subjects; A. fumigatus and A. flavus were the most common pathogens identified. There were few patients with other Aspergillus species:   
A. niger, A. sydowii, A. terreus, and A. westerdijkiae. Baseline risk factors are presented in Table 9.

Patients randomized to receive CRESEMBA treatment were administered a loading dose intravenously of 372 mg of isavuconazonium sulfate (equivalent to 200 mg of isavuconazole) every 8 hours for the first 48 hours. Beginning on Day 3, patients received intravenous or oral therapy of 372 mg of isavuconazonium sulfate (equivalent to 200 mg of isavuconazole) once daily. Patients randomized to receive voriconazole treatment were administered voriconazole intravenously with a loading dose of 6 mg/kg every 12 hours for the first 24 hours followed by 4 mg/kg intravenously every 12 hours for the following 24 hours. Therapy could then be switched to an oral formulation of voriconazole at a dose of 200 mg every 12 hours. In this trial, the protocol-defined maximum treatment duration was 84 days. Mean treatment duration was 47 days for both treatment groups, of which 8 to 9 days was by an intravenous route of administration.

All-cause mortality through Day 42 in the overall population (ITT) was 18.6% in the CRESEMBA treatment group and 20.2% in the voriconazole treatment group for an adjusted treatment difference of -1.0% with 95% confidence interval of -8.0% to 5.9%. Similar results were seen in patients with proven or probable invasive aspergillosis confirmed by serology, culture or histology (see Table 10).

Overall success at End-of-Treatment (EOT) was assessed by a blinded, independent Data Review Committee (DRC) using pre-specified clinical, mycological, and radiological criteria. In the subgroup of patients with proven or probable invasive aspergillosis confirmed by serology, culture or histology, overall success at EOT was seen in 35% of CRESEMBA-treated patients compared to 38.9% of voriconazole-treated patients (see Table 11).
Computer guided alveolar ridge splitting using piezo electric device and a 3D printed surgical guide. An L shaped splitting pattern with one crestal and one distal cut will be performed.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop a diagnostic model for predicting early surgical site infection (SSI) based on postoperative inflammatory markers after spinal fusion surgery.
METHODS: In this retrospective study, we analysed the trends of inflammatory markers between SSI and non-SSI groups. The data were randomly divided into training cohort and validation cohort (ratio 7:3). The variables for SSI were analysed using stepwise logistic regression to develop the prediction model. To evaluate the model, we analysed its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, as well as the area under the curve in the validation cohort. Calibration plots and decision curve analysis were employed to assess the calibration and clinical usefulness of the model.
FINDINGS: We observed significant changes in inflammatory markers on the seventh day after surgery. The prediction model included four variables on the seventh day after surgery: body temperature, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and neutrophil counts. After binary processing of these data, the simplified model achieved an area under the curve of 0.86 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.81-0.92) in the training cohort and 0.9 (95% CI: 0.82-0.98) in the validation cohort. Calibration plots and decision curve analysis demonstrated that the proposed model was effective for the diagnosis of SSI.
CONCLUSION: We developed and validated a prediction model for diagnosing early infection after spinal fusion.
The present invention relates to a purified stress protein of 86 Kd and fragments thereof isolated from the genus Corynebacterium. Particular fragments include those with apparent molecular weights of 50 Kd and 52 Kd. The stress protein has been found to be an immunodominant conserved antigen. Patients with Corynebacterium jeikeium septicemia or endocarditis have antibody to the 52 Kd breakdown product. The protein cross-reacts with a peptide antigen KVIRKNIVKKMIE (see SEQ ID No. 1) using a mouse monoclonal antibody against the peptide. The stress protein is useful for improved diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of Corynebacterium infections and diseases.
Individuals will be asked to return after at least 2 months and repeat the trial they did not complete (for example, placebo if they were in the DHEA trial before). Again Day 1 would consist of two hyperinsulinemic clamps with placebo or DHEA given orally. Day 2 hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp with oral administration of placebo or DHEA.
Impaired renal function results in a decreased rate and extent of excretion of tramadol and its active metabolite, M1. Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet has not been studied in patients with severe renal impairment (CLcr < 30 mL/min). The limited availability of dose strengths and once daily dosing of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet do not permit the dosing flexibility required for safe use in patients with severe renal impairment. Therefore, tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet should not be used in patients with severe renal impairment (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGYand DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION). Metabolism of tramadol and M1 is reduced in patients with advanced cirrhosis of the liver. The pharmacokinetics of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet has not been studied in patients with severe hepatic impairment. The limited availability of dose strengths and once daily dosing of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet do not permit the dosing flexibility required for safe use in patients with severe hepatic impairment. Therefore, tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet should not be used in patients with severe hepatic impairment (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).

INFORMATION FOR PATIENTS

  * Patients should be informed that tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet is for oral use only and should be swallowed whole. The tablets should not be chewed, crushed, or split. 
  * Patients should be informed that tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet may cause seizures and/or serotonin syndrome with concomitant use of serotonergic agents (including SRIs, NRIs, and triptans) or drugs that significantly reduce the metabolic clearance of tramadol. 
  * Patients should be informed that tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet may impair mental or physical abilities required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks such as driving a car or operating machinery. 
  * Patients should be informed that tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet should not be taken with alcohol containing beverages. 
  * Patients should be informed that tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet should be used with caution when taking medications such as tranquilizers, hypnotics or other opiate containing analgesics. 
  * Female patients should be instructed to inform the prescriber if they are pregnant, think they might become pregnant, or are trying to become pregnant (see PRECAUTIONS, Labor and Delivery). 
  * Patients should be educated regarding the single-dose and 24-hour dosing regimen, as exceeding these recommendations can result in respiratory depression, seizures or death.
Cerebral infarction (CI) is one of the leading causes of disability and death. LncRNAs are key factors in CI progression. Herein, we studied the function of long noncoding RNA KCNQ1OT1 in CI patient plasma samples and in CI models. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting tested gene and protein expressions. The interactions of KCNQ1OT1/PTBP1 and miR-16-5p were analyzed using dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays; MTT assays measured cell viability. Cell migration and angiogenesis were tested by wound healing and tube formation assays. Pathological changes were analyzed by triphenyltetrazolium chloride and routine staining. We found that KCNQ1OT1 and PTBP1 were overexpressed and miR-16-5p was downregulated in CI patient plasma and in oxygen-glucose deprived (OGD) induced mouse brain microvascular endothelial (bEnd.3) cells. KCNQ1OT1 knockdown suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokine production and stimulated angiogenic responses in OGD-bEnd.3 cells. KCNQ1OT1 upregulated PTBP1 by sponging miR-16-5p. PTBP1 overexpression or miR-16-5p inhibition attenuated the effects of KCNQ1OT1 knockdown. PTBP1 silencing protected against OGD-bEnd.3 cell injury by enhancing SIRT1. KCNQ1OT1 silencing or miR-16-5p overexpression also alleviated ischemic injury in a mice middle cerebral artery occlusion model. Thus, KCNQ1OT1 silencing alleviates CI by regulating the miR-16-5p/PTBP1/SIRT1 pathway, providing a theoretical basis for novel therapeutic strategies targeting CI.
Motivational interviewing sessions will involve home visits concentrating on the mitigation of behavioral risk factors for early childhood caries, provided shortly after childbirth, and at 6, 12, and 18 months. Enhanced community services will involve development of culturally appropriate messages related to the mitigation of risk factors for ECC through public service announcements and brochures.
Agents that target a processed mRNA,  e.g. , 5' UTR of the processed mRNA, can modulate protein expression,  e.g. , via modulation of translation of the processed mRNA. Alternative splicing events in genes can lead to non-productive mRNA transcripts which in turn can lead to aberrant protein expression. Agents that target the alternative splicing events in genes can modulate the expression level of proteins. Therapeutic agents, which can modulate protein expression by targeting a processed mRNA and/or alternative splicing events, can promote functional protein expression in patients and/or inhibit aberrant protein expression. Such therapeutic agents can be used to treat a condition or disease associated with protein deficiency and/or mitochondrial function deficit.
The invention belongs to the technical field of pharmaceutical preparations, and discloses a tacrolimus ophthalmic emulsion and a preparation method thereof. The invention provides an ophthalmic emulsion of tacrolimus, which is prepared into an oil-in-water emulsion by using the tacrolimus, wherein the used auxiliary materials are conventional auxiliary materials in an ophthalmic preparation. The oil-in-water emulsion can be spread on the surface of eye rapidly after administration, and oil drops in the emulsion form lipid layer on the surface of cornea, so as to stabilize tear film and prevent tear volatilization. Meanwhile, the medicine wrapped in the oil drops is slowly released from the oil drops under the action of tear ions, so that the residence time of the medicine on the ocular surface is prolonged. Meanwhile, castor oil is used as an oily solvent to obtain a finished emulsion product with higher stability. The invention also provides a preparation method of the tacrolimus ophthalmic emulsion, which has the advantages of less surfactant consumption, simple and feasible process, realization of industrial production, and basis for developing the tacrolimus ophthalmic preparation with simple and feasible process, better safety and higher bioavailability.
Patients with coccygeal pain will be evaluated. Patients with organic pathology such as malignancy and infection on imaging and investigations will be excluded. Seventy-four patients diagnosed with traumatic or idiopathic coccidynia will be included in the study. Patients will be randomised by computer programme. Half of them will undergo ultrasound-guided pericoccygeal nerve blockade and the other half will undergo fluoroscopy-guided impar sympathetic ganglion blockade. Pericoccygeal nerve block is performed with the patients lying in the prone position. The sacral horns are visualised using a linear probe. The coccygeal nerves are captured medial to the sacral cornuas and a combination of local anaesthetic and dexamethasone is injected. Impar sympathetic ganglion blockade It is performed in the operating theatre with the patient in the prone position. The sacrum and coccyx are visualised with a lateral view. A needle is inserted through the sacrococcygeal junction and a combination of local anaesthetic and dexamethasone is injected when an optimal image is obtained with contrast material injection. Patients will be evaluated before, 1 and 3 months after the procedure by filling out the Visual analogue scale and PARIS functional coxidynia questionnaire. The investigator who evaluates the patients and collects the data after the procedure will be blinded.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a chitin tablet. Chitin raw material is smashed and screened with a 60 mesh sieve and then 3 percent of HPMC and 6 percent of starch, which are used as adhesives, are added to prepare soft material. A 16 mesh net is used for granulating, and the obtained granules are dried, smashed and then screened through a 100 mesh sieve. A certain amount of calcium hydrophosphate, dextrin, talcum powder and magnesium stearate are added to the smashed fine powder and then are mixed evenly through a blender mixer. The tablet with certain specification is manufactured according to the requirement. The chitin prepared through the method accords with the quality requirement of the common tablet.
PURPOSE:To obtain the title granules with lamellar crystals, excellent in the durability in the rumen and the dissolution absorbability in the abomasum and thereafter by coating a specific core granules with a mixture of 12-22C fatty acid, fatty acid ester, etc., and specific lamellar crystals. CONSTITUTION:The objective granules can be obtained by coating core granules containing non-fluid physiologically active substance(s) (e.g. saccharide, amino acid) with (A) a mixture comprising at least one kind of materials selected from 12-22C fatty acids or their esters, (hardened) animal or vegetable fatty oils >=40 deg.C in melting point (e.g. palm oil, tallow, hardened caster oil) and wax >=40 deg.C in melting point (e.g. beeswax) and (B) lamellar crystals 5-30mum in mean particle size poorly soluble in water in a neutral state but readily soluble in water in an acidic state (e.g. consisting of an amino acid such as isoleucine) at the weight ratio A/B=(3:2)-(1:3). In the present granules, the coating layers contain the lamellar crystals in a laminar fashion.