anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Sleep loss is closely related to the onset and development of depression, and the mechanisms involved may include impaired synaptic plasticity. Considering the important role of glutamate α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate receptors (AMPARs) in synaptic plasticity as well as depression, we introduce LT-102, a novel AMPARs potentiator, to evaluate the potential of LT-102 in treating sleep deprivation-induced depression-like behaviors.
METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive behavioral assessment to evaluate the effects of LT-102 on depression-like symptoms in male C57BL/6J mice. This assessment included the open field test to measure general locomotor activity and anxiety-like behavior, the forced swimming test and tail suspension test to assess despair behaviors indicative of depressive states, and the sucrose preference test to quantify anhedonia, a core symptom of depression. Furthermore, to explore the impact of LT-102 on synaptic plasticity, we utilized a combination of Western blot analysis to detect protein expression levels, Golgi-Cox staining to visualize neuronal morphology, and immunofluorescence to examine the localization of synaptic proteins. Additionally, we utilized primary cortical neurons to delineate the signaling pathway modulated by LT-102.
RESULTS: Treatment with LT-102 significantly reduced depression-like behaviors associated with sleep deprivation. Quantitative Western blot (WB) analysis revealed a significant increase in GluA1 phosphorylation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), triggering the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II/cAMP response element-binding protein/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (CaMKII/CREB/BDNF) and forkhead box protein P2/postsynaptic density protein 95 (FoxP2/PSD95) signaling pathways. Immunofluorescence imaging confirmed that LT-102 treatment increased spine density and co-labeling of PSD95 and vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) in the PFC, reversing the reductions typically observed following sleep deprivation. Golgi staining further validated these results, showing a substantial increase in neuronal dendritic spine density in sleep-deprived mice treated with LT-102. Mechanistically, application of LT-102 to primary cortical neurons, resulted in elevated levels of phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (p-GSK3β), key downstream molecules in the BDNF signaling pathway, which in turn upregulated FoxP2 and PSD95 expression.
LIMITATIONS: In our study, we chose to exclusively use male mice to eliminate potential influences of the estrous cycle on behavior and physiology. As there is no widely accepted positive drug control for sleep deprivation studies, we did not include one in our research.
CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that LT-102 is a promising therapeutic agent for counteracting depression-like behaviors and synaptic plasticity deficits induced by sleep deprivation, primarily through the activation of CaMKII/CREB/BDNF and AKT/GSK3β/FoxP2/PSD95 signaling pathways.
Participants in the control arm will receive the standard care which is infiltration of 5mg (2mL) of 0.25% bupivacaine with epinephrine around port site incisions. Participants will be asked to rate their pain a total of 4 times for the study. Each occurrence is expected to take approximately 1-2 minutes to complete. There will be no additional follow-up required as part of the study. The 6 week follow-up visit is standard routine practice.
The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of nurse- led program on psychosocial problems and quality of life in stroke patients. This randomized controlled trial will be conducted in Stroke Center in Istinye University Liv Hospital- Bahcesehir. Patients who meet the criteria will be randomized into the intervention group or control group. All patients will be assessed at discharge by use of following tools: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin Scale, Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). A nurse coordinated multidisciplinary program aiming to improve psychosocial problems has been developed and will be applied to the patients in the experimental group. This nurse-led program will start at discharge and continue for three months. The control group will be applied usual care. Two groups will be compared at baseline and at the 3rd month after discharge in terms of psychosocial variables and quality of life.
A method for determining a coloration product recommendation, in particular a hair coloration product recommendation. First images representing an object colored using a coloration product are obtained. A color of the colored object is identified on the images by determining a global color value taking into account different elements within the image. Then a desired color is obtained. A recommendation for a coloration product to achieve the desired color is determined. The recommended coloration product corresponds to the product which keeps the color difference between the desired color and the identified color below a predetermined threshold.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an aqueous cosmetic which excels in antibacterial properties even without substantially containing another antibacterial component and is stable over a long period.  <P>SOLUTION: This aqueous cosmetic substantially does not contain an antibacterial component and contains at least a synthetic polypeptide which has an amino acid sequence represented by the formula: Pro-Y-Gly (wherein Y is Pro or Hyp) and forms a collagenous structure. The content of the antibacterial component, for example, may be not more than 100 ppm. The aqueous cosmetic may be in the form of an aqueous solution or an aqueous dispersion obtained by dissolving or dispersing the above synthetic polypeptide in water as a base. The concentration of the synthetic polypeptide may also be about 0.01 to 5 wt.%. The synthetic polypeptide may have a molecular weight peak in the range of not less than 10,000 in the molecular weight distribution.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Patients receive PS-341 IV bolus twice weekly for 4 weeks followed by 2 weeks of rest. Treatment continues for a maximum of 12 courses in the absence of unacceptable toxicity or disease progression.
The present invention relates to a composition for protecting the health of alcohol users and a preparation method thereof. The composition is prepared from the raw materials of pueraria flower, mung bean, green tea, oriental wormwood, tuckahoe, hawthorn fruit, common aucklandia root, liquorice, schisandra fruit, cooked mung bean and curcumin through proper synergy. The composition simultaneously has the functions of detoxication and liver protection. When the composition is taken by an alcohol user after drinking alcohol, alcohol in the body of the alcohol user can be exhausted out quickly so as to lighten the stimulation of alcohol on the brain and the stomach of the body and avoid or reduce liver damage caused by alcohol. Thus, the health of the alcohol user can be protected effectively. The composition of the present invention is widely suitable for alcohol users to take before drinking alcohol or take by different times every day.
A comparative study with patients with spasticity in gastrocnemius and soleus where a group start having shockwave treatment and receive three sessions at weekly intervals, gastrocnemius and soleus applied in 2000 impacts at a frequency of 8hz and energy intensity is proposed between 2.2-2.4 Bars (0,10-0,12mj ). Swiss dolor clast EMS. The other group will receive botulinum toxin Type A in the same muscles. The dose of toxin is in accordance with the weight of each patient, the dose normally used with each user and always with the same brand is always respected, Botox (4-8-12 U/Kg) Patients will be assessed before treatment, after three weeks, two months and three months after three months when the groups exchange the therapy.
The aim of this study is to determine whether inferior alveolar nerve block of ketorolac and lidocaine would improve the success rate in teeth with symptomatic irreversible Pulpitis. Design: In this randomized double-blind clinical trial, sixty healthy adult volunteers with including criteria have been randomly divided into two groups (n=30). All patients have been received standard inferior alveolar nerve block injection that used 1.8 ml 2% lidocaine 2% containing 1:100000 after negative aspiration. After 5 minutes 30 patients have received a standard inferior alveolar nerve block injection that used 1 ml ketorolac tromethamine 30 mg/ml. the other 30 patients received a sham injection. After achieving the lip numbness, the pulp anesthesia has been evaluated after 5 minutes by using electric pulp tester (Pakell Inc, Edgewood, NY). Endodontic access preparation initiated after 15 minutes of initial IANB with two negative responses to the electric pulp test. Any pain during caries and dentin removal, access cavity preparation, and root canal preparation have been recorded using analog visual scale (HP-VAS). The success was considered as none or mild pain during treatment. The data have been analyzed using Mann-U-Whitney test.Participants including major eligibility criteria: all patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (HP VAS ≥54) of a mandibular molar tooth without systemic diseases; nonsmoking; without any medicine consumption or analgesic and sedation Intervention Main outcome measures: Pain during caries and dentin removal, access cavity preparation, and root canal preparation using VAS.
Participants will receive fast-acting insulin aspart using the iLet™ with default tmax setting (t65 = 65 minutes) in two different treatment periods in a cross-over manner. There will be 3 different cohorts with 2 treatment periods in each cohort.
PURPOSE: A method and an apparatus for sharing multi proxy re-encryption based medical data are provided to smoothly use medical information by using commitment function instead of the agreement of a patient. CONSTITUTION: A terminal(10) for a patient permits the commitment of medical data inputted to and outputted from a medical institution. A proxy re-encryption server(20) is managed by a policy manager terminal(30). The proxy re-encryption server firstly provides the medical information of the patient with a proxy based re-encryption method. A proxy terminal(40) entrusts an agent with a data decoding authority management function. A user terminal(50) receives a cryptogram which is re-encrypted and decodes the cryptogram through its own secret key.
Autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy (AAG) is a disease of autonomic failure caused by ganglionic acetylcholine receptor (gAChR) autoantibodies. Although the detection of autoantibodies is important for distinguishing the disease from other neuropathies that present with autonomic dysfunction, other factors are important for accurate diagnosis. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the clinical features of AAG, highlighting differences in clinical course, clinical presentation, and laboratory findings from other neuropathies presenting with autonomic symptoms. The first step in diagnosing AAG is careful history taking, which should reveal whether the mode of onset is acute or chronic, followed by an examination of the time course of disease progression, including the presentation of autonomic and extra-autonomic symptoms. AAG is a neuropathy that should be differentiated from other neuropathies when the patient presents with autonomic dysfunction. Immune-mediated neuropathies, such as acute autonomic sensory neuropathy, are sometimes difficult to differentiate, and therefore, differences in clinical and laboratory findings should be well understood. Other non-neuropathic conditions, such as postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, chronic fatigue syndrome, and long COVID, also present with symptoms similar to those of AAG. Although often challenging, efforts should be made to differentiate among the disease candidates.
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which wall shear stress (WSS) influences vascular walls, accounting for the susceptibility of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) to rupture.
METHOD: We collected blood samples from the sacs of 24 ruptured and 28 unruptured IAs and analyzed the expression of chemokine CCL7 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to assess clinical data, aneurysm morphology, and hemodynamics in both groups. Pearson correlation analysis investigated the relationship between CCL7 expression in aneurysm sac blood and WSS. Additionally, we established a bionic cell parallel plate co-culture shear stress model and a mouse low shear stress (LSS) model. The model was modulated using CCL7 recombinant protein, CCR1 inhibitor, and TAK1 inhibitor. We further evaluated CCL7 expression in endothelial cells and the levels of TAK1, NF-κB, IL-1β, and TNF-α in macrophages. Subsequently, the intergroup differences in expression were calculated.
RESULTS: CCL7 expression was significantly higher in the ruptured group compared to the unruptured group. Hemodynamic analysis indicated that WSS was an independent predictor of the risk of aneurysm rupture. A negative linear correlation was observed between CCL7 expression and WSS. Upon addition of CCL7 recombinant protein, upregulation of CCR1 expression and increased levels of p-TAK1 and p-p65 were observed. Treatment with CCR1 and TAK1 inhibitors reduced inflammatory cytokine expression in macrophages under LSS conditions. Overexpression of TAK1 significantly alleviated the inhibitory effects of CCR1 inhibitors on p-p65 and inflammatory cytokines.
CONCLUSION: LSS prompts endothelial cells to secrete CCL7, which, upon binding to the macrophage surface receptor CCR1, stimulates the release of macrophage inflammatory factors via the TAK1/NF-κB signaling pathway. This process exacerbates aneurysm wall inflammation and increases the risk of aneurysm rupture.
Cisatracurium Besylate Injection, USP is a nondepolarizing skeletal neuromuscular blocker for intravenous administration. Compared to other neuromuscular blockers, it is intermediate in its onset and duration of action. Cisatracurium Besylate Injection, USP contains cisatracurium besylate as the active pharmaceutical ingredient. 

Cisatracurium besylate is one of 10 isomers of atracurium besylate and constitutes approximately 15% of that mixture. Cisatracurium besylate is [1R\- [1α,2α(1'R*,2'R*)]]-2,2'-[1,5-pentanediylbis[oxy(3-oxo-3,1-propanediyl)]]bis[1-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methylisoquinolinium] dibenzenesulfonate. The molecular formula of the cisatracurium parent bis-cation is C53H72N2O12 and the molecular weight is 929.2. The molecular formula of cisatracurium as the besylate salt is C65H82N2O18S2 and the molecular weight is 1243.49. The structural formula of cisatracurium besylate is: 

The log of the partition coefficient of cisatracurium besylate is -2.12 in a 1-octanol/distilled water system at 25°C. 

Cisatracurium Besylate Injection, USP is a sterile, non-pyrogenic aqueous solution. 

Each mL in the single-dose vials contains either 2 mg or 10 mg of cisatracurium (equivalent to 2.68 mg and 13.38 mg of cisatracurium besylate; respectively), and benzenesulfonic acid as pH adjuster in water for injection. 

Each mL in the multiple-dose vials contains 2 mg of cisatracurium (equivalent to 2.68 mg of cisatracurium besylate), benzenesulfonic acid as pH adjuster, and also contains 9 mg of benzyl alcohol as preservative, in water for injection. 

The pH of Cisatracurium Besylate Injection, USP is between 3.0 and 3.8.
Critical limb ischemia (CLI) results from severe occlusive disease that impairs distal limb perfusion to the point where oxygen delivery is no longer adequate to meet the metabolic needs of the tissue, even under resting conditions. The limits of peripheral artery disease (PAD) compensatory mechanisms, such as distal vasodilatation and collateral formation, have been exceeded at this point. PAD is a widespread disease, affecting up to 15% of all adults older than 55 years. Formation of true new blood vessels, or angiogenesis, and development of collateral vessels from preexisting blood vessels, or arteriogenesis, is important in the pathophysiology of vascular disease. By stimulating these processes we might be able to provide an alternative treatment strategy for patients with lower limb ischemia. In response to tissue injury and remodeling, neovascularization usually occurs via the proliferation and migration of progenitor endothelial cells (EPC) from preexisting vasculature. The EPCs resident within bone marrow and peripheral blood, so it seems implantation of BM cells can contribute to injury-induced and pathology induced neovascularization. Indeed, recent studies have shown that bone-marrow mononuclear cell (BM-MNC) implantation increases collateral vessel formation in both ischemic limb models and patients with limb ischemia. In addition, granulocyte-colony stimulation factor could mobilize the EPCs to peripheral blood. After BM-MNC implantation, G-CSF can contribute more EPC in PB for effective angiogenesis in PAD patients.

In this study, Bone marrow puncture will be performed in a common manner. The iliac crest is punctured under epidural anesthesia and 400 mL of bone marrow will be aspirated. The MNCs are isolated under good manufacturing practice conditions by Ficoll density separation and is intramuscularly injected (40 sites, in 3 × 3 cm distance, 1-1.5 cm deep, into ischemic leg. In some patients G-CSF (10 microgr/day) is administration by subcutaneous injection from day of cell injection for 5 days.
BACKGROUND: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the standard procedure for treating upper urinary tract calculi and complex kidney calculi >2 cm in diameter, though it has a high incidence of postoperative complications. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Orem's management model on patients undergoing PCNL.
METHODS: This retrospective study included 465 patients who underwent PCNL from February 2022 to February 2023 from two tertiary hospitals. After excluding 16 patients based on exclusion criteria, 449 patients remained. The observation group (n = 227) received Orem's management model, while the control group (n = 222) underwent conventional surgical management. Primary outcomes included postoperative recovery time and the incidence of postoperative complications, while secondary outcomes such as postoperative pain levels (measured via a numerical rating scale) and self-care ability assessed through the exercise of self-care agency were obtained through medical records and physical examinations.
RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the observation group achieved faster outcomes for the first anal exsufflation, first ambulation, and discharge, and a lower incidence of postoperative complications (p < 0.05). Post-management, the observation group had lower numerical rating scale scores and higher exercise of self-care agency scores (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Orem's management model accelerates postoperative recovery, alleviates pain, and reduces postoperative complications in patients undergoing PCNL. Moreover, this model enhances self-care ability, though its effectiveness is limited to patients with non-recurrent renal calculi and normal renal function. Further exploration of its broader application is needed.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease with an unknown underlying cause. There is no complete cure for IPF; however, two anti-fibrotic agents (Nintedanib and pirfenidone) are approved by the USFDA to extend the patient's life span. Therefore, alternative therapies supporting the survival of fibrotic patients have been studied in recent literature. The abundance of phenolic compounds, particularly flavonoids, has gathered attention due to their potential health benefits. Various flavonoids, like naringin, quercetin, baicalin, baicalein, puerarin, silymarin, and kaempferol, exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, which help decrease lung fibrosis. Various databases, including PubMed, EBSCO, ProQuest, and Scopus, as well as particular websites, such as the World Health Organisation and the National Institutes of Health, were used to conduct a literature search. Several mechanisms of action of flavonoids are reported with the help of in vivo and cell line studies emphasizing their ability to modulate oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrotic processes in the lungs. They are reported for the restoration of biomarkers like hydroxyproline, cytokines, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and others associated with IPF and for modulating various pathways responsible for the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Yet, flavonoids have some drawbacks, such as poor solubility, challenging drug loading, stability issues, and scarce bioavailability. Therefore, novel formulations of flavonoids are explored, including liposomes, solid lipid microparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, nanogels, and nanocrystals, to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of flavonoids in pulmonary fibrosis. This review focuses on the role of flavonoids in mitigating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, their mode of action and novel formulations.
Amiodarone is generally considered a class III antiarrhythmic drug, but it possesses electrophysiologic characteristics of all four Vaughan Williams classes. Like class I drugs, amiodarone blocks sodium channels at rapid pacing frequencies, and like class II drugs, amiodarone exerts a noncompetitive antisympathetic action. One of its main effects, with prolonged administration, is to lengthen the cardiac action potential, a class III effect. The negative chronotropic effect of amiodarone in nodal tissues is similar to the effect of class IV drugs. In addition to blocking sodium channels, amiodarone blocks myocardial potassium channels, which contributes to slowing of conduction and prolongation of refractoriness. The antisympathetic action and the block of calcium and potassium channels are responsible for the negative dromotropic effects on the sinus node and for the slowing of conduction and prolongation of refractoriness in the atrioventricular (AV) node. Its vasodilatory action can decrease cardiac workload and consequently myocardial oxygen consumption.

Intravenous amiodarone administration prolongs intranodal conduction (Atrial-His, AH) and refractoriness of the atrioventricular node (ERP AVN), but has little or no effect on sinus cycle length (SCL), refractoriness of the right atrium and right ventricle (ERP RA and ERP RV), repolarization (QTc), intraventricular conduction (QRS), and infra-nodal conduction (His-ventricular, HV). A comparison of the electrophysiologic effects of intravenous amiodarone and oral amiodarone is shown in the table below.

At higher doses (>10 mg/kg) of intravenous amiodarone, prolongation of the ERP RV and modest prolongation of the QRS have been seen. These differences between oral and IV administration suggest that the initial acute effects of intravenous amiodarone may be predominately focused on the AV node, causing an intranodal conduction delay and increased nodal refractoriness due to slow channel blockade (class IV activity) and noncompetitive adrenergic antagonism (class II activity).