anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Animal studies have shown that levothyroxine (T4) is only partially absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The degree of absorption is dependent on the vehicle used for its administration and by the character of the intestinal contents, the intestinal flora, including plasma protein, and soluble dietary factors, all of which bind thyroid and thereby make it unavailable for diffusion. Only 41% is absorbed when given in a gelatin capsule as opposed to a 74% absorption when given with an albumin carrier.

Depending on other factors, absorption has varied from 48 to 79% of the administered dose. Fasting increases absorption. Malabsorption syndromes, as well as dietary factors, (children's soybean formula, concomitant use of anionic exchange resins such as cholestyramine) cause excessive fecal loss. Liothyronine (T3) is almost totally absorbed, 95% in 4 hours. The hormones contained in the natural preparations are absorbed in a manner similar to the synthetic hormones.

More than 99% of circulating hormones are bound to serum proteins, including thyroid-binding globulin (TBg), thyroid-binding prealbumin (TBPA), and albumin (TBa), whose capacities and affinities vary for the hormones. The higher affinity of levothyroxine (T4) for both TBg and TBPA as compared to liothyronine (T3) partially explains the higher serum levels and longer half-life of the former hormone. Both protein-bound hormones exist in reverse equilibrium with minute amounts of free hormone, the latter accounting for the metabolic activity.

Deiodination of levothyroxine (T4) occurs at a number of sites, including liver, kidney, and other tissues. The conjugated hormone, in the form of glucuronide or sulfate, is found in the bile and gut where it may complete an enterohepatic circulation. 85% of levothyroxine (T4) metabolized daily is deiodinated.
The current invention involves a new treatment for human atherosclerosis. It concerns primary as well as secondary prevention of atherosclerosis by a pharmaceutical composition of vitamin E and acetylsalicylate. The development of atherosclerosis is suppressed at three different levels using this particular composition : 1) reduction of oxidation of LDL, in vivo, by vitamin E, 2) stabilization of endothelial cellmembranes by vitamin E making these cells less vulnerable to oxidation and 3) the anti-platelet action of acetylsalicylate which prevents platelet aggregation, thrombus formation and cytokines release which decreases inflammatory reactions and smooth-muscle-cell proliferation. An accidental advantage of the composition is the relatively small amount of acetylsalicylate that is needed when combined with vitamin E. This is quite important in view of the dose-dependent side-effects of acetylsalicylate. For these reasons, the composition can be expected to be effective and safe. It can be used widely against atherosclerosis and should be considered an additional weapon against atherosclerosis along with the reduction of known riskfactors such as hypertension, smoking, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus. The composition is designed to treat and/or prevent diseases arising from atherosclerosis such as angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, transient ischemic attacks, stroke and claudicatio intermittens.
BACKGROUND: Autoimmune encephalitis is a neurological condition caused by abnormal immune responses, manifesting as cognitive impairments, behavioral abnormalities, and seizures. Its diagnosis depends on the detecting neuronal surface antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid. Despite recent advances in understanding, clinical recognition remains challenging, especially with rare antibodies such as anti-dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) and anti-dipeptidyl-peptidase-like protein 6 (DPPX) antibodies. Delayed diagnosis can lead to severe complications. This case presentation emphasizes the diagnostic intricacies and effective treatment of the anti-D2R and DPPX antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis.
CASE DESCRIPTION: The patient presented with a 3-day history of fatigue and limb soreness followed by a 3-h episode of confusion and limb convulsions. Upon admission to our facility, the initial diagnosis included status epilepticus, aspiration pneumonia, metabolic acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, and suspected encephalitis. Despite receiving antiepileptic, anti-infection, and antivirus therapy, the patient's condition deteriorated. Both computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed no significant abnormalities. No pathogen was identified in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, further CSF and serum examination revealed positive results of anti-D2R and anti-DPPX antibodies, confirming a diagnosis of anti-D2R and DPPX antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis. The patient underwent a comprehensive treatment regimen, including high-dose methylprednisolone pulse therapy combined with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), antiviral and anti-infection treatments, and antiepileptic medications. Significant clinical improvement was observed, and by the 18th day of admission, the patient was stable and coherent.
CONCLUSIONS: The current patient represents the first reported case of double-positive autoimmune encephalitis for anti-D2R and DPPX antibodies, with epilepsy as a prominent feature. High-dose methylprednisolone pulse therapy combined with IVIG has shown significant safety and efficacy in treating anti-D2R and DPPX antibody-positive autoimmune encephalitis-associated epilepsy.
Patients with MLLr or NPM1m receive DS-1594b PO BID on days 1-28. Cycles repeat every 28 days for up to 2 years in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled compsn. capable of releasing a bioactive substance under mild conditions over a long period of time, by copolymerizing a specified polymerizable unsaturated monomer with other polymerizable monomer. CONSTITUTION:A polymerizable unsaturated monomer (A) having a metal ester moiety of an organic acid at its terminal, said moiety having a bioactivity, obtd. by heating one equivalent of an oxide, a hydroxide, a sulfide or a chloride (a) of a metal such as Ca, Mg, etc. with 0.8-3 equivalents of a monovalent org. acid (b) having a bioactivity (e.g., an alkali metal salt) and 0.8-2 equivalents of a polymerizable unsaturated org. acid (c) (e.g., an alkali metal salt) at a temp. of not higher than the decomposition temp. of the metal salt, is copolymerized with other polymerizable unsaturated monomer (B) to obtain the titled compsn. having at least one group of formula I (wherein X is a group of formula II or III, etc.; M is a metal atom having a valence of 2 or above; x is 1-2; m is 1 or above; n is 0, 1 or above; l=m+n+1; R1 is a residue of a 1-10C hydrocarbon; R2 is a residue of the component (b) attached to M through a linkage of formula IV, V, etc.; R3 is H, R1) at the terminal of at least one side chain.
The combined intervention group will receive weekly telephone-delivered diabetes knowledge/information, patient activation (list of 5 questions to ask their provider at every visit and training on how to ask the questions), patient empowerment (diabetes responsibility contracts, personal goals, and flow charts for patients to record lab results/medications and training on how to use the empowerment tools), and behavioral skills training delivered via telephone. The behavioral skills training will be focused on 4 behaviors and guided by subjects' current problem areas and preferences, subjects will be asked to choose 1 of 4 behaviors to focus on every 3 weeks. The combined intervention group telephone sessions will last for 30 minutes.
This prospective study aims to recruit up to 250 patients being seen by glaucoma specialists at Wills Eye Hospital. Informed consent will be obtained prior to the office visit. Patients will complete a satisfaction survey with a few additional questions about themselves and their vision. Electronic health records (EHR) will be used to collect race, gender, age, glaucoma diagnosis, current and prior treatments, timing of appointment and care, visual acuity and field data, and distance to patient's home. Additional information captured will include weather, time of day, day of week.

In addition to completing the questionnaire subjects will be asked to provide their name and date of birth. Trained research staff members will use this information to find patients on the EHR system. A research assistant will later abstract information from the patient's EHR. This information will be tagged to the survey by a unique identifier, but all patient identity related information will be removed, including name and date of birth. Patients will be made aware that research staff will be retrieving their protected health information (PHI) for the purpose of this study through the consent form.
Participants will receive a 3-month online physiotherapy program comprised of 'pain neuroscience education' (month 1) and 'gradual exposure to movement' (month 2 and 3). They will receive an informative booklet online.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients often experience reduced physical activity, sleep disturbances, and cognitive impairment. However, reports on measurement of rest-activity rhythm and sleep-wake behavior and their impact on cognitive functions in COPD patients are limited. This study aimed to objectively measure circadian rhythms (rest-activity and ambient illuminance) and sleep behaviors in clinically stable COPD patients and their relationship with cognitive functions. The study involved 65 male COPD patients and 50 age-matched controls, monitored over 3-7 days using actigraphy. Cognitive status was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) followed by short interbal time estimation via time production and reproduction with reaction time measurement using TimeProd software. Findings indicated significant disruptions in circadian rhythms in COPD patients, characterized by lower mesor, amplitude, and autocorrelation coefficients compared to controls. Patients also reported poorer sleep quality and higher sleep fragmentation, with 85.7% displaying cognitive impairment. Notably, longer time estimations, increased variability in task performance, and slower reaction times suggested cognitive deterioration. Positive correlations emerged between rhythm parameters (amplitude and circadian quotient) and cognitive performance metrics. This highlights the relevance of circadian and sleep disturbances in COPD, suggesting that addressing these rhythms could help mitigate cognitive decline, potentially through chronotherapeutic strategies.
An application of a compound AJ-2 in preparation of a medicine treating or preventing influenza viruses is disclosed. The compound AJ-2 is a compound shown as a formula (I). The invention discloses the application of the compound shown as the formula (I) in preparation of a medicine inhibiting influenza viruses firstly. The invention also discloses the medicine inhibiting influenza viruses, and the active component of the medicine is the compound shown as the formula (I). The influenza virus inhibiting function may be reflected as inhibition of replication of influenza viruses and/or inhibition of activity of influenza virion ribosomes. The compound AJ-2 and the medicine have great value for influenza virus control.
In some implementations, a system is capable of obtaining and processing both actively monitored and passively monitored data in parallel in order to improve the accuracy and the specificity by which pathological risks are identified for a user. Data indicating measured levels of one or more metabolic biomarkers and activity data associated with a user is obtained. A biological state for the user is determined based on the measured levels of the one or more metabolic biomarkers. One or more user inputs indicated within the activity data, and scores reflecting respective likelihoods that a particular user input indicates a change to one or more aspects of the biological state for the user for each of the one or more user inputs is determined. Data corresponding to the biological state for the user is then adjusted. A communication that is generated based on the adjusted data is then provided for output.
Dose escalation study to assess the safety and determine the recommended phase II dose, based on time-to-event Bayesian optimal interval design, with a target toxicity rate of 30%. Three dose levels are planned to be evaluated: 5 MBq (starting dose), 7.5 MBq and 10 MBq (maximum dose allowed). The cohort size will be 3, with a maximum of 10 participants within a same dose level, and a maximum of 18 evaluable participants in total. Participants are planned to receive two cycles of intravenous infusion of 225Ac-DOTATATE every 6 weeks (Q6W). Each dose escalation and potential de-escalation step will be decided based on the dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) rate observed during the study treatment period (84 days following the first infusion), in the current dose cohort.
Pulmonary fibrosis is a class of fibrosing interstitial lung diseases caused by many pathogenic factors inside and outside the lung, with unknown mechanisms and without effective treatment. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanism implicated in pulmonary fibrosis pathogenesis is urgently needed to develop new and effective measures. Although circRNAs have been widely acknowledged as new contributors to the occurrence and development of diseases, only a small number of circRNAs have been functionally characterized in pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we systematically review the biogenesis and functions of circRNAs and focus on how circRNAs participate in pulmonary fibrogenesis by influencing various cell fates. Meanwhile, we analyze the current exploration of circRNAs as a diagnostic biomarker, vaccine, and therapeutic target in pulmonary fibrosis and objectively discuss the challenges of circRNA- based therapy for pulmonary fibrosis. We hope that the review of the implication of circRNAs will provide new insights into the development circRNA-based approaches to treat pulmonary fibrosis.
PURPOSE: To produce a starting material in the form of anhydrous micropore having an even surface, a regular shape and of graded size by forming graded drops from a dispersion or a soln. of the starting material, and freezing and drying the drops. CONSTITUTION: A dispersion or a soln. in water or the like is obtained from a powdered starting material such a coloring agent, and the dispersion or the soln. has a viscosity which makes it possible mechanically to form drops. Then, the dispersion or the soln. is flown dropwise from a manifold or the like in the form of a tube or a needle to form drops. The graded drops formed from the mechanical forming process are freezed, and are dried by sublimation to reserve. As the result, granules having a regular shape, an even surface and of graded size are obtained, and the anhydrous granules by lyophilization have a regular micropore structure.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare a pharmaceutical composition, comprising an acyl derivative of uridine or cytidine as an active ingredient and useful for improving myocardial functions, treating hepatopathy, etc. SOLUTION: This pharmaceutical composition comprises an acyl derivative of uridine represented by formula I (R1 to R3 are each H or an acyl group of a 5-22C fatty acid, an amino acid, a 3-22C dicarboxylic acid, etc.) or its salt or an acyl derivative of the uridine represented by formula II (R1 to R3 are each H or an acyl of a metabolite; R4 is an acyl of a metabolite, etc.) or its salt or an acyl derivative of cytidine represented by formula III or its salt as an active ingredient. The composition is prepared as a liquid, a suspension, a tablet, a sugar-coated tablet, a solution for injection or a suppository by including the acyl derivative in an amount corresponding to 10-3000mg uridine or 10-3000mg cytidine based on the unit dose.  The composition is effective in treatment of, e.g. cardiac dysfunction, cardiac infarction, hepatic diseases, hepatopathy, pulmonary diseases, diabetes, cerebral angiopathy, Parkinson diseases or senile dementia, for which the supply of an exogenous ribonucleoside is useful.
BACKGROUND: Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is increasingly recognized as a hallmark of unhealthy aging and is intimately associated with mortality, but therapies remain elusive. Recognizing the increased prevalence of OD in individuals with diabetes, and the potential anti-aging effects of metformin, we studied the association of metformin use with OD.
METHODS: Cross-temporal study of participants from Waves 2 (2010-11) and 3 (2015-16) of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP), a nationally representative cohort study of community-dwelling older adults. We included participants with diabetes who had complete data on olfaction and relevant covariates at Wave 2 and were not lost to follow-up at Wave 3. Olfactory identification (OI), the ability to identify the odorant, and olfactory sensitivity (OS), the ability to detect the presence of an odorant, were tested. Weighted multivariable logistic regression was used to study the association between metformin use at Wave 2 (baseline) and odds of having impaired OI/OS at Wave 3, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, smoking, BMI, HbA1c, years since diabetes diagnosis, and insulin use.
RESULTS: Among 228 participants with diabetes (mean age=70 years, 53% female, 21% Black), 112 (49%) used metformin at baseline. Relative to nonusers, users had 58% lower odds of impaired OI and 67% lower odds of impaired OS at Wave 3. Among participants with normal baseline OS (N=62), users had 97% lower odds of impaired OS at Wave 3.
CONCLUSIONS: Metformin use is associated with lower odds of OD among individuals with diabetes, suggesting a potential protective effect on olfaction. Future work including a larger sample and additional information on metformin use is needed to establish whether these findings are independent of diabetic control.
This comparative cross-sectional study, conducted at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, aimed to evaluate the efficacy of tailored wound-centric interventions (TWCI) versus traditional pulmonary rehabilitation (TPR) in enhancing wound healing in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Enrolling 340 patients with confirmed COPD, the study randomly assigned participants to either the TWCI or TPR group for a 12-week programme. The primary outcome measured was the rate of wound healing, with secondary outcomes including changes in pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and quality of life (QoL) scores. The TWCI group received a customized programme integrating standard pulmonary rehabilitation with specific wound care strategies, such as enhanced oxygen therapy, nutritional supplementation, and infection control measures. In contrast, the TPR group underwent a conventional pulmonary rehabilitation programme without targeted wound care interventions. Wound healing rates, PFTs, and QoL scores were assessed at the end of the intervention and 3 months post-intervention. The TWCI group demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in wound healing rates compared with the TPR group. The TWCI group had a 15% higher rate of reduction in wound size, a 10% rise in complete healing rates, and a 20% drop in infection rates (p < 0.05). Specifically, TWCI group exhibited higher rates of wound size reduction, complete healing, and decreased infection rates. Additionally, long-term pulmonary function and overall quality of life improvements were more pronounced in the tailored group, underscoring the benefits of a personalized approach to managing COPD and wound care. The study concluded that integrating wound-specific care strategies with pulmonary rehabilitation significantly enhances health outcomes in COPD patients with wounds. These findings supported the adoption of customized, multidisciplinary care plans, suggesting that tailored interventions can offer a comprehensive solution to the complex needs of COPD patients, potentially redefining best practices in chronic disease management.
INTRODUCTION: Acoustic Voice Quality Index (AVQI) is a multiparametric construct of voice quality recognized for its clinical and research applications around the globe. This study aimed to review the validity and diagnostic accuracy of AVQI (v02&03) and determine the effects of age and gender.
METHODS: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis registered with the PROSPERO registry. The authors searched two databases (PubMed and Cochrane Library database) for relevant studies. Studies selected for the systematic review were grouped based on study objectives. To determine the quality of the selected studies, the authors utilized the QUADAS-2 tool.
RESULTS: Meta-analysis of seven studies on AVQIv02 revealed a diagnostic threshold ranging from 2.72 to 3.33 for AVQIv02. In comparison, eight studies investigating AVQIv03 suggested a diagnostic threshold ranging from 1.33 to 3.15 for AVQIv03. Altogether, these studies demonstrated a pooled sensitivity and specificity of 0.85 and 0.92 for AVQIv02 and 0.82 and 0.92 for AVQIv03. The Area under the Curve was slightly better for AVQIv03 (0.94) than AVQIv02 (0.92). Three studies investigating the effect of age and gender on AVQI had a consensus that AVQI is independent of gender. However, findings were contradictory about the impact of age on AVQI.
CONCLUSIONS: AVQI is found to be a valid tool for the assessment of voice quality. AVQIv03 is slightly better than AVQIv02 in its diagnostic accuracy. AVQI is independent of gender. Because of the contradictory evidence, additional research on the effects of age on AVQI is necessary.
BACKGROUND: Respiratory illness affects individuals across all age demographics on a global scale, often precipitated by viral infections. The symptomatic manifestations of these diseases bear clinical resemblance, complicating the accurate determination of their etiological origins. Furthermore, the diagnostic panels for respiratory pathogens used within local medical practices, may not encompass the full spectrum of viral agents responsible for such ailments. Consequently, a significant number of clinically important viral pathogens may remain undetected.
METHODS AND FINDINGS: In the light of this, we conducted a metagenomic examination of 66 nasopharyngeal swab specimens, obtained from patients presenting with acute respiratory conditions yet tested negative by the standard diagnostic panels available locally. These specimens were obtained from the Public Health Laboratory, Maceio, State of Alagoas. Our findings indicate a predominant diagnostic escape of rhinoviruses and notably enterovirus D68. Moreover, our study identified a substantial quantity of sequence reads attributed to human respirovirus 3 (human parainfluenza 3) along with various herpresviruses including human herpesvirus-1, Epstein-Barr virus (Human herpesvirus-4), Human herpesviruses 6 and 7 and human parvovirus B19 (B19V). Notably, the metagenomic analysis uncovered a widespread presence of the emerging human vientovirus FB in most of sample pools, though its clinical importance remains to be elucidated.
CONCLUSIONS: The obtained results in this study underscore the invaluable role of viral metagenomics in the identification of underrecognized viruses bearing clinical relevance. Furthermore, it offers insights into the dissemination of these pathogens within the studied area, thereby informing public health strategies aimed at enhancing diagnostic accuracy and improving patient care.