anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Chromosomal instability is a prominent biological feature of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), with over 50% of patients with MDS harboring chromosomal abnormalities or a complex karyotype (CK). Despite this observation, the mechanisms underlying mitotic and chromosomal defects in MDS remain elusive. In this study, we identified ectopic expression of the transcription factor ONECUT3, which is associated with CKs and poorer survival outcomes in MDS. ONECUT3-overexpressing cell models exhibited enrichment of several notable pathways, including signatures of sister chromosome exchange separation and mitotic nuclear division with the upregulation of INCENP and CDCA8 genes. Notably, dysregulation of chromosome passenger complex (CPC) accumulation, besides the cell equator and midbody, during mitotic phases consequently caused cytokinesis failure and defective chromosome segregation. Mechanistically, the homeobox (HOX) domain of ONECUT3, serving as the DNA binding domain, occupied the unique genomic regions of INCENP and CDCA8 and transcriptionally activated these 2 genes. We identified a lead compound, C5484617, that functionally targeted the HOX domain of ONECUT3, inhibiting its transcriptional activity on downstream genes, and synergistically resensitized MDS cells to hypomethylating agents. This study revealed that ONECUT3 promoted chromosomal instability by transcriptional activation of INCENP and CDCA8, suggesting potential prognostic and therapeutic roles for targeting high-risk MDS patients with a CK.
INTRODUCTION: Despite the high recurrence rate of sigmoid volvulus, there is reluctance to perform a prophylactic colectomy in frail patients due to the operation's perceived risks. We used a nationally representative database to compare risk of recurrence in patients undergoing a prophylactic colectomy versus endoscopic detorsion alone.
METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study using the National Readmission Database (2016-2019) including patients aged ≥18 y who had an emergent admission for sigmoid volvulus and underwent endoscopic detorsion on the day of admission. We performed a 1:1 propensity matching adjusting for patient demographics, frailty score comprising of 109 components, and hospital characteristics. Our primary outcome was readmission due to colonic volvulus and secondary outcomes included mortality, complications, length of stay (LOS), and costs during index admission and readmission. We performed a subgroup analysis in patients with Hospital Frailty Score >5.
RESULTS: We included 2113 patients of which 1046 patients (49.5%) underwent a colectomy during the initial admission. In the matched population of 830 pairs, readmission due to colonic volvulus was significantly lower in patients undergoing endoscopy followed by colectomy than endoscopy alone. Patients undergoing a colectomy had higher gastric and renal complications, longer LOS, and higher costs but no difference in mortality. In the subgroup analysis of frail patients, readmission was significantly lower in patients with prophylactic colectomy with no significant difference in mortality in 439 matched patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic colectomy was associated with lower readmission, a higher rate of complications, increased LOS, and higher costs compared to sigmoid decompression alone.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide new biobeads which can be applied to PEG method and enables high transformation efficiency.  <P>SOLUTION: The new biobeads are characterized by immobilizing a foreign genetic substance or a physiologically active substance on a calcium alginate fine bead gel prepared from low viscous sodium alginate. A method for efficiently transducing the foreign genetic substance or the physiologically active substance into cells with the biobeads. The biobeads prepared from the low viscous sodium alginate have small particle diameters, and may increase the contact chances of the biobeads with cells. The transformation of the cells is achieved in high efficiency, when the biobeads are used.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
A method for processing medical text and associated medical images is provided. A natural language processor configured as a deep convolutional neural network is trained on a first corpus of select free-text medical reports, each of the medical reports having one or more structured labels assigned by a medical expert. The network is trained to learn to read additional free-text medical reports and generate predicted structured labels. The natural language processor is applied to a second corpus of free-text medical reports associated with the medical images. The natural language processor generates structured labels for the associated medical images. The computer vision model is trained using the medical images and the generated structured labels. Thereafter, the computer vision model may assign the structured labels to other input medical images. In an example, the medical image is a chest X-ray.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicinal knee cap capable of treating patella osteoproliferation and a preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicinal knee cap. The formula comprises the following raw materials: 50 g of fennel, 500 g of salt, 250 g of cocklebur fruit, 250 g of garden balsam, 250 g of radix clematidis, 100 g of pawpaw, 100 g of Phryma leptostachya L., 100 g of stir-baked squama manitis, 50 g of radix sophorae flavescentis, and 100 g of cortex dictamni. The preparation method comprises the following steps: drying the raw materials in the formula, cooling the dried materials, placing in a grinder to grind the materials into powder, before applying, putting fennel and salt in a pot to fry, taking out the medicinal powder to be mixed with aged vinegar to be wet, then blending the wet mixture with Vaseline to be pasty, and putting the pasty mixture in a gauze bag. The gauze bag can be used for externally applying to the affected part, and fixed by an adhesive plaster. The traditional Chinese medicinal knee cap capable of treating patella osteoproliferation, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, is scientific and reasonable, can effectively play the roles of relaxing the muscles and stimulating the blood circulation, softening spurs, removing blood stasis and relieving pain. The preparation method is simple and feasible, greatly reduces treatment cost, alleviates financial burden of the patient, and has good development prospect.
The invention provides a progesterone ethosome. Progesterone is encapsulated in an ethosome. The progesterone ethosome comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1 to 1 percent of progesterone, 1 to 8 percent of lipid materials, 0 to 0.6 percent of cholesterol, 20 to 50 percent of short-chain alcohols, 0 to 3 percent of nonionic surfactant and the balance of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: mixing and dissolving the progesterone, the lipid materials, the cholesterol and the short-chain alcohols to prepare an alcohol phase; with stirring, adding the alcohol phase into a nonionic surfactant-containing aqueous phase to prepare primary emulsion under the condition of stirring; homogenizing the primary emulsion under a high pressure to obtain a suspension; stirring the ethosome suspension for 15 to 30 minutes to perform emulsification for the second time; and curing the suspension by cooling the suspension at 0 to 4 DEG C to obtain the progesterone ethosome. Because the high-pressure homogenization method is adopted to prepare the progesterone ethosome, the progesterone ethosome is low in stimulation to skin and high in transdermal delivery ability, and metal ion pollution which is easy to cause by the probe ultrasound method of the traditional homogenization method is avoided. Therefore, the progesterone ethosome is suitable for industrial production. The progesterone ethosome can be prepared into a transdermal drug delivery system, a mucosal drug delivery system, and topical dosage forms, such as a paster, a gel and the like. The progesterone ethosome is mainly applied to hormone replacement therapy, secondary amenorrhea, functional aplastic bleeding, premenstrual syndrome and the like clinically.
PURPOSE: Frequent post-operative cholangitis in biliary atresia (BA) affects the long-term native liver survival. This study assessed the characteristics of early cholangitis and their influence on the prognosis.
METHODS: Forty-three patients with BA who underwent surgery between 2000 and 2020 were analyzed for routine inflammatory markers. Early cholangitis characteristics were compared between native liver survivor (NLS) and living donor liver transplant (LDLT) patients.
RESULTS: Among the 43 patients, 30 (69.8%) experienced 130 episodes of cholangitis. In the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) analysis, the cutoff value of the total cholangitis episodes was 3, with an area under the AUROC curve of 0.695 (95% confidence interval 0.522-0.868). Before 3 years old, 113 episodes (86.9%) of cholangitis were observed. The white blood cell, C-reactive protein, and alanine aminotransferase values at cholangitis onset did not markedly differ between the LDLT and NLS groups. Conversely, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in the NLS group was significantly lower than in the LDLT group (0.85 vs. 1.63, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Cholangitis in the NLS group was lymphocyte-dominant and atypical in its pathogenesis. Lymphocyte-dominant cholangitis is non-suppurative, and future research should clarify its pathogenesis to improve the treatment and prognosis of BA.
BACKGROUND: Immuno-oncology therapy (IO) is associated with a variety of treatment-related toxicities. However, the impact of toxicity on the treatment discontinuation rate between males and females is unknown. We hypothesized that immune-related adverse events would lead to more frequent treatment changes in females since autoimmune diseases occur more frequently in females.
AIMS: Our aim was to determine if there was a difference in the rate of immunotherapy treatment change due to toxicity between males and females.
METHODS AND RESULTS: The Oncology Research Information Exchange Network Avatar Database collected clinical data from 10 United States cancer centers. Of 1035 patients receiving IO, 447 were analyzed, excluding those who did not have documentation noting if a patient changed treatment (n = 573). Fifteen patients with unknown or gender-specific cancer were excluded. All cancer types and stages were included. The primary endpoint was documented treatment change due to toxicity. Four hundred and forty-seven patients (281 males and 166 females) received IO treatment. The most common cancers treated were kidney, skin, and lung for 99, 84, and 54 patients, respectively. Females had a shorter IO course than males (median 3.7 vs. 5.1 months, respectively, p = .02). Fifty-four patients changed treatment due to toxicity. There was no significant difference between females and males on chi-square test (11.4% vs. 12.5%, respectively, p = 0.75) and multivariable logistic regression (OR 0.924, 95% CI 0.453-1.885, p = .827). Significantly more patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) changed therapy due to toxicity (OR 2.491, 95% CI 1.025-6.054, p = .044).
CONCLUSION: Females received a shorter course of IO than males. However, there was no significant difference in the treatment discontinuation rate due to toxicity between males and females receiving IO. Toxicity-related treatment change was associated with COPD.
Allergic respiratory diseases such as asthma might be considered multifactorial diseases, having a complex pathogenesis that involves environmental factors and the activation of a large set of immune response pathways and mechanisms. In addition, variations in genetic background seem to play a central role. The method developed for the analysis of the complexities, as association rule mining, nowadays may be applied to different research areas including genetic and biological complexities such as atopic airway diseases to identify complex genetic or biological markers and enlighten new diagnostic and therapeutic targets. A total of 308 allergic patients and 205 controls were typed for 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of cytokine and receptors genes involved in type 1 and type 2 inflammatory response (IL-4 rs2243250 C/T, IL-4R rs1801275A/G, IL-6 rs1800795 G/C, IL-10 rs1800872 A/C and rs1800896 A/G, IL-10RB rs2834167A/G, IL-13 rs1800925 C/T, IL-18 rs187238G/C, IFNγ rs 24030561A/T and IFNγR2 rs2834213G/A), the rs2228137C/T of CD23 receptor gene and rs577912C/T and rs564481C/T of Klotho genes, using KASPar SNP genotyping method. Clinical and laboratory data of patients were analyzed by formal statistic tools and by a data-mining technique-market basket analysis-selecting a minimum threshold of 90% of rule confidence. Formal statistical analyses show that IL-6 rs1800795GG, IL-10RB rs2834167G positive genotypes, IL-13 rs1800925CC, CD23 rs2228137TT Klotho rs564481TT, might be risk factors for allergy. Applying the association rule methodology, we identify 10 genotype combination patterns associated with susceptibility to allergies. Together these data necessitate being confirmed in further studies, indicating that the heuristic approach might be a straightforward and useful tool to find predictive and diagnostic molecular patterns that might be also considered potential therapeutic targets in allergy.
The present invention relates to tea for cooling and relieving summer-heat and a preparation method thereof. The tea comprises the raw materials of the following parts by weight: 120 to 200 parts of tea, 100 to 150 parts of chrysanthemum, 180 to 280 parts of reed rhizome, 20 to 50 parts of ilex, 30 to 80 parts of medical stone, 40 to 60 parts of jasmine flower and 100 to 150 parts of peppermint. The peppermint can be replaced by 50 to 80 parts of grosvenor momordica fruit, 80 to 120 parts of rose flower or 50 to 80 parts of cassia occidentalis. In the formula, the tea is used as main raw materials; plants, flowers and mineral substances, which have the health-care functions, are used as auxiliary raw materials, the characteristic of each component is fully utilized, the tea of the present invention has the characteristics of promoting the production of the body fluid, relieving cough, clearing heat from the throat, benefiting the throat and supplying water, inorganic salt and various trace elements to a human body in time, and the tea has the obvious health-care function of cooling and relieving summer-heat. The preparation method comprises the following steps: washing, selecting, quickly washing the reed rhizome, drying, removing moisture, grinding, processing, uniformly mixing, sterilizing, disinfecting, separately packing, sterilizing again, sealing in a plastic package and obtaining the finished product. By using the method, after the tea is soaked for 10 hours, the phenomena of foam, sourness, stale taste, etc. can not appear. The tea has fragrant smell and nature sweet after taste.
PURPOSE: A pharmaceutical composition containing selenium is provided to effectively treat gastric ulcer induced by indomethacin without side effects. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for treating gastric ulcer contains selenium. Gastric ulcer is caused by indomethacin. The daily dosage of the composition is 100 ug/kg(body weight) of selenium. The pharmaceutical composition is manufactured in the form of an oral or parenteral formulation. A health functional food for treating gastric ulcer contains selenium. The pharmaceutical composition is manufactured in the form of a tablet, capsule, granule, fine subtilae, powder, suppository, ointment, emulsion, suspension, syrup, and spray.
BACKGROUND Schwannomas are tumors that arise from Schwann cells that surround and support nerve cells. Most common sites for presentations are head, neck, and extremities. Schwannomas of gastrointestinal tract are rare, slow-growing tumors, usually benign, arising from gastrointestinal tract's neural plexus. They are histologically distinguishable from conventional schwannomas that arise in soft tissue or the central nervous system. Preoperative diagnosis of gastrointestinal schwannoma is challenging, requiring immunohistological confirmation of the nature of the tumor. Here, we report a case of 57-year-old woman with an incidental finding of an asymptomatic submucosal jejunal schwannoma. CASE REPORT A 57-year-old woman with a medical history of hematological disorder underwent a contrast abdominal computed tomography as part of medical follow-up. The imaging revealed the presence of a jejunal mass. The patient underwent laparoscopic surgical resection of the lesion, followed by side-to-side jejuno-jejunal anastomosis with 4-cm clear surgical margins. The final pathologic study revealed the presence of jejunal schwannoma, as tested positive for S-100 protein. The patient was discharged home on the fourth postoperative day, having an uneventful recovery. CONCLUSIONS Jejunal schwannoma are usually benign and asymptomatic, and they are often discovered incidentally during diagnostic tests for other conditions; therefore, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal tumors. Surgical treatment appears to be necessary to achieve a definitive diagnosis through a biopsy of the tumor tissue. Benign jejunal schwannomas have a good prognosis.
Children (age: 4- 17 years old) will participate in this study, and they will listen to Mozart K.448 (1st movement) and instrumental age-appropriate song with 10 minutes wash out in between, each lasting up to 9 minutes in the daytime (between 1-5 pm). The music stimuli will be randomly played in 2 to 7 days during the EMU stay (average 4 days). Music will be delivered via single-use earbuds.
Talazoparib (1mg by mouth \[PO\] daily D1-28) will be provided as monotherapy for the first cycle. Starting with cycle 2 and for all subsequent cycles, treatment with avelumab (800 mg intravenously \[IV\] D1 every 2 weeks) will be added to talazoparib.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Survivors of cardiac arrest often have increased long-term risks of mortality and disability that are primarily associated with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI). This review aims to examine health-related long-term outcomes after cardiac arrest.
RECENT FINDINGS: A notable portion of cardiac arrest survivors face a decline in their quality of life, encountering persistent physical, cognitive, and mental health challenges emerging years after the initial event. Within the first-year postarrest, survivors are at elevated risk for stroke, epilepsy, and psychiatric conditions, along with a heightened susceptibility to developing dementia. Addressing these challenges necessitates establishing comprehensive, multidisciplinary care systems tailored to the needs of these individuals.
SUMMARY: HIBI remains the leading cause of disability among cardiac arrest survivors. No single strategy is likely to improve long term outcomes after cardiac arrest. A multimodal neuroprognostication approach (clinical examination, imaging, neurophysiology, and biomarkers) is recommended by guidelines, but fails to predict long-term outcomes. Cardiac arrest survivors often experience long-term disabilities that negatively impact their quality of life. The likelihood of such outcomes implements a multidisciplinary care an integral part of long-term recovery.
The post-translational modification of proteins by SUMO is crucial for cellular viability and mammalian development in part due to the contribution of SUMOylation to genome duplication and repair. To investigate the mechanisms underpinning the essential function of SUMO, we undertook a genome-scale CRISPR/Cas9 screen probing the response to SUMOylation inhibition. This effort identified 130 genes whose disruption reduces or enhances the toxicity of TAK-981, a clinical-stage inhibitor of the SUMO E1-activating enzyme. Among the strongest hits, we validated and characterized NFATC2IP, an evolutionarily conserved protein related to the fungal Esc2 and Rad60 proteins that harbors tandem SUMO-like domains. Cells lacking NFATC2IP are viable but are hypersensitive to SUMO E1 inhibition, likely due to the accumulation of mitotic chromosome bridges and micronuclei. NFATC2IP primarily acts in interphase and associates with nascent DNA, suggesting a role in the postreplicative resolution of replication or recombination intermediates. Mechanistically, NFATC2IP interacts with the SMC5/6 complex and UBC9, the SUMO E2, via its first and second SUMO-like domains, respectively. AlphaFold-Multimer modeling suggests that NFATC2IP positions and activates the UBC9-NSMCE2 complex, the SUMO E3 ligase associated with SMC5/SMC6. We conclude that NFATC2IP is a key mediator of SUMO-dependent genomic integrity that collaborates with the SMC5/6 complex.
BACKGROUND: The WHO's global hepatitis strategy aims to achieve viral hepatitis elimination by 2030. Migrant children and pregnant persons represent an important target group for prevention strategies. However, evidence on the burden of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection and the factors affecting its incidence is lacking.
METHODS: EMBASE, Global Health, Global Index Medicus, Web of Science and Medline were searched for articles in any language from 1 January 2012 to 8 June 2022. Studies reporting CHB prevalence, disease severity, complications and/or prevention strategies, including vaccination, prevention of vertical transmission and access to care/treatment for migrant children and pregnant migrants, were included. Pooled estimates of CHB prevalence and hepatitis B vaccination (HBV) coverage among migrant children were calculated using random effects meta-analysis.
FINDINGS: 42 studies were included, 27 relating to migrant children and 15 to pregnant migrants across 12 European countries, involving data from 64 773 migrants. Migrants had a higher incidence of CHB than host populations. Among children, the pooled prevalence of CHB was higher for unaccompanied minors (UAM) (5%, [95% CI: 3-7%]) compared to other child migrants, including internationally adopted children (IAC) and refugees (1%, [95% CI: 1-2%]). Region of origin was identified as a risk factor for CHB, with children from Africa and pregnant migrants from Africa, Eastern Europe and China at the highest risk. Pooled estimates of HBV vaccine coverage were lower among UAM (12%, [95% CI: 3-21%]) compared to other child migrants (50%, [95% CI: 37-63%]).
CONCLUSION: A range of modifiable determinants of HBV prevalence in migrant children and pregnant persons were identified, including sub-optimal screening, prevention and continuum of care. There is a need to develop evidence-based approaches in hepatitis care for these groups, thereby contributing towards global viral hepatitis elimination goals.
On the first day of the study (day 0), participants in the Amplified Benefits \& Consequences condition write a brief, detailed narrative describing a day in their future if they did not restrict their caloric intake and were not concerned about their body weight or shape. Participants type their responses and provide a recording of themselves reading their narrative aloud. On each subsequent day (day 1 through day 6), participants are provided with their written narrative and asked to create a new recording of themselves reading it aloud. After completing their recording and surveys, participants complete a modified version of the Pros and Cons of Anorexia Scale.