anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Many patients with schizophrenia have difficulty adhering to a daily oral treatment regimen. Long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations may provide therapeutic plasma concentrations over several weeks, thereby eliminating the need for daily oral medication and making compliance easier. This is a randomized (patients will be assigned to different treatment groups based solely on chance), double-blind (neither the patient nor the physician will know if placebo or drug is being given and at what dose), placebo-controlled, parallel group, multicenter, dose-response study in adults who have schizophrenia. The study consists of a screening period of no more than 7 days and a 13-week double-blind treatment period. The screening period includes 4 days for tolerability testing, if necessary. In the double-blind treatment period, patients will be randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups (3 fixed doses of paliperidone palmitate or placebo) to receive 4 i.m. injections of paliperidone palmitate or placebo on Days 1, 8, 36, and 64. The study, including the screening period, will last approximately 14 weeks. Efficacy will be assessed throughout the study using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS), the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S), and the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP). Safety will be evaluated throughout the study by monitoring adverse events, extrapyramidal symptom (EPS) rating scales scores, clinical laboratory test results; vital signs and body weight measurements; electrocardiograms (ECGs); and physical examination findings. In addition, the tolerability of injections will be assessed. ER OROS paliperidone 3 mg/day for 4 days. Injections (i.m.) of paliperidone palmitate (25, 50, or 100 mg eq.) will be given on Days 1, 8, 36, and 64.
The invention relates to an application of oleoylethanolamide being used as a drug for reducing blood fat and preventing nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, which relates to oleoyethanolamide. The invention provides an application of oleoylethanolamide being used as a drug for reducing blood fat and preventing nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases. The oleoylethanolamide is a natural PPAR alpha excitant. The function for reducing the blood fat includes the reduction of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein and the like. The drug can be an oral medicine. The oleoylethanolamide is proved by a pharmacodynamics experiment to have an obvious action on reducing the blood fat and protecting the liver and can be used for preventing and treating hyperlipemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases caused by different reasons.
FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with antidepressants and treating depression by applying well-known selective or partially selective inhibitors of serotonin uptake (SISU) and inhibitors of norepinephrine re-uptake (INR-U). The suggested preparation contains antidepressants taken out of SISU and INR-U classes and, additionally, it contains folic acid or its precursor to be used for folate production. Daily dosage of either SISU or INR-U corresponds to that for treating depression with conventional methods. Daily dosage of folic acid's precursor should be to provide folate's dosage of 300- 5000 mcg/d. EFFECT: higher efficiency of therapy, decreased risk of unfavorable aftereffects. 5 cl, 11 ex, 1 tbl
Participants in this condition will be offered the standard treatment services available in community methadone and buprenorphine programs, including medication (methadone or buprenorphine, respectively), counseling services, HIV testing, and case management. All services will be provided in the treatment clinics. There are a number of clinics within easy walking distance from the research site, and others throughout the city that are reachable by public transportation from the research site. In addition, all participants will receive referrals to the Re-Entry Center, a One-Stop Career Center tailored to the needs of offenders, at all intake and monthly assessments. As mentioned in detail above, participants will be required by the court to stay enrolled in treatment for 90 days. It is important to note that all diverted individuals will receive these services and requirements, independent of whether they agree to participate in the pilot study.
Musculoskeletal diseases involving tissue injury comprise tendon, ligament, and muscle injury. Recently, macrophages have been identified as key players in the tendon repair process, but no therapeutic strategy involving dual drug delivery and gene delivery to macrophages has been developed for targeting the two main dysregulated aspects of macrophages in tendinopathy, i.e., inflammation and fibrosis. Herein, the anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects of dual-loaded budesonide and serpine1 siRNA lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs) are evaluated in murine and human macrophage cells. The modulation of the gene and protein expression of factors associated with inflammation and fibrosis in tendinopathy is demonstrated by real time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Macrophage polarization to the M2 phenotype and a decrease in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines are confirmed in macrophage cell lines and primary cells. The increase in the activity of a matrix metalloproteinase involved in tissue remodelling is proven, and studies evaluating the interactions of LPNs with T cells proved that dual-loaded LPNs act specifically on macrophages and do not induce any collateral effects on T cells. Overall, these dual-loaded LPNs are a promising combinatorial therapeutic strategy with immunomodulatory and antifibrotic effects in dysregulated macrophages in the context of tendinopathy.
The invention discloses a post-renal transplantation treating and health care traditional Chinese medicine. The post-renal transplantation treating and health care traditional Chinese medicine comprises active components and auxiliary materials. The active components comprise, by weight, 10-18 parts of turmeric, 15-30 parts of glossy privet fruits, 6-10 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10-15 parts of oriental wormwood, 8-12 parts of radix lsatidis, 10-15 parts of lysimachia christinae hance, 10-15 parts of polygonum cuspidatum, 5-10 parts of schisandra chinensis and 10-15 parts of Chinese dates. The post-renal transplantation treating and health care traditional Chinese medicine has the effects of detoxification, dampness resolving, kidney strengthening, liver protection, spleen tonifying, blood nourishing, blood circulation invigorating, diureses and heart strengthening; the physiological function of the kidney can be effectively strengthened; and drug-induced liver cirrhosis and renal fibrosis are prevented. Obvious treatment and prevention effects on edema, hydronephrosis, the fatty liver and the like are achieved. The post-renal transplantation treating and health care traditional Chinese medicine is used for post-renal transplantation, the rejection resisting capacity of the transplant kidney can be improved; and toxic and side effects of immunosuppressant on the liver and the kidney are reduced. The chronic allograft nephropathy can be prevented, and the comprehensive health care effect is achieved.
The intermediate stage of the bi-directional cavopulmonary connection (BCPC) in the management algorithm of single ventricle palliation is a unique and extraordinary physiologic condition. It places the superior vena caval blood flow into series with the lungs i.e. pulmonary blood flow is partially dependent on cerebral vascular flow and resistance. Differential reduction in the resistances of the systemic, cerebral and pulmonary vascular beds will result in re-equilibrium of relative blood flows which translate to alterations in arterial oxygen tension and perfusion pressure. This concept is demonstrated by the differential effects of carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2). CO2 vasodilates and oxygen (O2) vasoconstricts the cerebral vascular bed; the opposite is true in the lungs. Furthermore, studies have demonstrated that arterial CO2 tension (PaCO2) at hypercarbic levels is favourable to normocarbia in increasing pulmonary, systemic and cerebral blood flows and reducing systemic vascular resistance in acute post BCPC patients.

Administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and other systemic vasodilator drugs are well established for treatment of patients with hypertension and congestive cardiomyopathy in both pediatric and adult populations. Favourable manipulation of the flow to the different vascular beds has been reported in children with significant intra-cardiac shunts in which pulmonary blood flow is decreased relative to the increase in systemic blood flow as a result of reduction of systemic vascular resistance.

Guided by similar principles, ACEI therapy is administered to patients with single ventricle physiology to redistribute relative blood flows across the pulmonary and systemic vascular beds. To date, there exists no study examining the hemodynamic effects of ACEI on relative blood flows in the setting of single ventricle physiology and in particular, no study demonstrates its benefits. The effects of ACEI are unknown on the equilibrium of relative cerebral, systemic and pulmonary blood flows in the post-BCPC state. A relative increase in systemic blood flow, as effected by ACEI, at the expense of cerebral blood flow may potentially adversely decrease pulmonary blood and ultimately reduce arterial oxygen tension. On the other hand, some data suggests that ACEI's improve cerebral autoregulation function; in which drop in blood pressure will signal a vasodilatory response in the cerebral vascular bed which may be particularly advantageous in BCPC patients.

Enalaprilat is the active diacid of the ACEI enalapril maleate. Doses of 0.01 to 0.06 mg/kg i.v. have been safely administered in pediatric studies. Onset of action is 15 minutes and duration of action is up to 12-24 hours. The pharmacokinetics of this drug are ideal for the purpose of this study. In our institution, all patients undergo routine cardiac catheterization after the BCPC procedure for hemodynamic assessment and angiography of cardiac structures to assess for eligibility for the Fontan operation.
Postural instability, gait impairment, and falls are among the greatest unmet needs in Parkinson disease (PD). A single fall can be catastrophic, and impairments that limit mobility lead to social isolation or depression, and adversely affect bone and cardiovascular health. Unfortunately, postural instability and gait disorders are refractory to current pharmacological and surgical treatments, including deep brain stimulation (DBS). This project will directly address this pressing need. We will recruit participants to perform a gait task, using a new, alternating DBS frequency paradigm, while body movements and neural signals are recorded. The findings will lead to improved therapies to address these symptoms in the future.
The training period was composed by a 12-week macrocycle with two sessions per week. The macrocycle was divided into three four-week mesocycles that were, in turn, divided into four one-week microcycles composed by two training sessions. Each training session took 45 min. Nine different water-aerobics exercises were used during the training period. These exercises were performed alternating the right and left limbs. Exercise intensities were controlled using the Borg Scale. Interval training was used alternating intensities ranged between 9 (easy) and 15 (hard). During the first mesocycle, participants performed sets of 3min at intensity 13 interspersed by 2min at intensity 9; during the second mesocycle, sets of 3min at intensity 15 followed by 2min at intensity 9 were performed; finally, sessions of the third mesocycle were composed by sets of 3min at intensity 15 followed by 2min at intensity 11.
PURPOSE: Chronic inflammation is integral to myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) pathogenesis. JAK inhibitors reduce cytokine levels, but not without significant side effects. Nutrition is a low-risk approach to reduce inflammation and ameliorate symptoms in MPN. We performed a randomized, parallel-arm study to determine the feasibility of an education-focused Mediterranean diet intervention among patients with MPN.
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We randomly assigned patients with MPN to either a Mediterranean diet or standard U.S. Dietary Guidelines for Americans (USDA). Groups received equal but separate education with registered dietician counseling and written dietary resources. Patients were prospectively followed for feasibility, adherence, and symptom burden assessments. Biological samples were collected at four timepoints during the 15-week study to explore changes in inflammatory biomarkers and gut microbiome.
RESULTS: The Mediterranean diet was as easy to follow for patients with MPN as the standard USDA diet. Approximately 80% of the patients in the Mediterranean diet group achieved a Mediterranean Diet Adherence Score of ≥8 throughout the entire active intervention period, whereas less than 50% of the USDA group achieved a score of ≥8 at any timepoint. Improvement in symptom burden was observed in both diet groups. No significant changes were observed in inflammatory cytokines. The diversity and composition of the gut microbiome remained stable throughout the duration of the intervention.
CONCLUSIONS: With dietician counseling and written education, patients with MPN can adhere to a Mediterranean eating pattern. Diet interventions may be further developed as a component of MPN care, and potentially incorporated into the management of other hematologic conditions.
SIGNIFICANCE: Diet is a central tenant of management of chronic conditions characterized by subclinical inflammation, such as cardiovascular disease, but has not entered the treatment algorithm for clonal hematologic disorders. Here, we establish that a Mediterranean diet intervention is feasible in the MPN patient population and can improve symptom burden. These findings warrant large dietary interventions in patients with hematologic disorders to test the impact of diet on clinical outcomes.
FIELD: medicine; pharmaceuticals.SUBSTANCE: described is a pharmaceutical composition of ibuprofen sodium in the form of a tablet or caplets. Pharmaceutical composition contains a core consisting of a) granules consisting of dihydrate of sodium ibuprofen, mannitol and a sliding substance. Weight ratio of mannitol to dihydrate of ibuprofen sodium makes 1:3.9 or 1:4.3. Said granules are pressed together b) with a mixture of mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose, a lubricant and a sliding substance. Weight ratio of mannitol to microcrystalline cellulose is 1:1, 1.6:1 or 3:1. Components (a) and (b) are present in weight ratio of 2.6:1 or 3:1, respectively. Ratio of total sodium content in said pharmaceutical composition to ibuprofen is less than 7:60. Pharmaceutical composition can contain at least one pharmaceutically acceptable shell. What is also described is a method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition.EFFECT: pharmaceutical composition in the form of a tablet with low sodium content is characterized by improved stability, high strength and high bioavailability of ibuprofen.13 cl, 16 dwg, 17 tbl, 10 ex
BACKGROUND: Reported bleeding incidences following central venous catheter (CVC) placement highly depend on methods of bleeding assessment. To determine the direction and magnitude of the bias associated with retrospective data collection, we used data from the PACER randomized controlled trial and a previous retrospective cohort study.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A patient-level comparison of CVC-related bleeding severity was made among (1) the prospectively collected clinical bleeding assessment of the PACER trial, (2) centralized assessment of CVC insertion site photographs, and (3) retrospective chart review. Interrater reliability for photographic bleeding assessment and retrospective chart review was assessed using Cohen's κ. The magnitude of underreporting of both methods compared to prospective clinical bleeding assessment at different cutoff points of clinically relevant bleeding was assessed using McNemar's test.
RESULTS: Interrater reliability was acceptable for both methods (κ = 0.583 and κ = 0.481 for photographic assessment and retrospective chart review, respectively). Photographic bleeding assessment led to significant underreporting of bleeding complications at all cutoff points. Retrospective chart review led to significant underreporting of minor bleeding complications, with an odds ratio (95% CI) of 0.17 (0.044-0.51) for the cutoff point grade 1 (i.e., self-limiting or requiring at most 20 min of manual compression) or higher. There was no significant underreporting of major bleeding complications with retrospective chart review.
DISCUSSION: Centralized photographic bleeding assessment and retrospective chart review lead to biased bleeding assessment compared to prospective clinical bleeding assessment.
Phosphorylated Apoptin is described. Apoptin is tumor-specifically phosphorylated and part of the Apoptin apoptotic pathway in tumor cells is elucidated. New therapeutic possibilities, for example, novel therapeutic compounds that can work alone or, sequentially to, or jointly with other known compounds. Also, the use of tumor-specifically phosphorylation of Apoptin for diagnostic purposes is described. Such a diagnostic purpose can, for example, be a method for detecting the presence of cancer cells or cells that are cancer prone or a method to identify a putative cancer inducing agent or a method for the in vitro treatment effect of Apoptin on tumor cells by testing the phosphorylation state of Apoptin. Even more, the invention provides possibilities to further elucidate the apoptotic pathway and to identify for example crucial mediators of phosphorylation in human tumor cells. Interfering with such a mediator could provide new anti-cancer therapies.
INTRODUCTION: Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), namely at an initial stage like amnestic cognitive impairment (aMCI), typically present with memory complaints. They also have difficulties regarding self-knowledge about their cognitive deficits. In clinical practice, a formal neuropsychological assessment is often done. The present study aimed to understand whether patients with aMCI retain the ability to monitor the success or failure in their performance during the neuropsychological assessment and adjust the report of memory complaints accordingly, as compared to healthy controls.
METHODS: Participants were patients with aMCI and healthy controls who were questioned about their own memory abilities using the Subjective Memory Complaints (SMC) scale, applied before and after the neuropsychological assessment protocol. A repeated measures General Linear Model was performed to analyze changes in SMC (within-subjects effects) after the neuropsychological assessment, in patients with aMCI and healthy controls (between-subjects effects).
RESULTS: Eighty volunteers, 40 patients with aMCI and 40 healthy controls, participated in the study. Patients with aMCI showed lower MMSE scores, more depressive symptoms, and deficits in memory and learning, language and executive domains. Patients with aMCI had higher SMC scores [9.4(3.6)] than healthy controls [4.4(2.3)] before the neuropsychological assessment. A statistically significant interaction was found between the SMC and the diagnostic group, meaning that healthy controls decreased SMC [3.4(1.9)] after the neuropsychological assessment, whereas patients with aMCI kept high levels of SMC [9.6(3.9)]. In patients with aMCI, an inverse correlation between logical memory and the change in SMC was found, so that patients with lower scores in the logical memory test tended to increase their memory complaints after the assessment.
CONCLUSIONS: Both patients with aMCI and healthy controls can monitor and update the impression about their memory abilities following a formal neuropsychological assessment. Patients with aMCI maintain a high SMC level, which is inversely associated with their memory performance. In practical terms, SMC should be measured consistently at a particular moment in time, preferably preceding the objective neuropsychological assessment.
Neuropathic pain is a complex pain condition accompanied by prominent neuroinflammation involving activation of both central and peripheral immune cells. Metabolic switch to glycolysis is an important feature of activated immune cells. Hexokinase 2 (HK2), a key glycolytic enzyme enriched in microglia, has recently been shown important in regulating microglial functions. Whether and how HK2 is involved in neuropathic pain-related neuroinflammation remains unknown. Using a HK2-tdTomato reporter line, we found that HK2 was prominently elevated in spinal microglia. Pharmacological inhibition of HK2 effectively alleviated nerve injury-induced acute mechanical pain. However, selective ablation of Hk2 in microglia reduced microgliosis in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) with little analgesic effects. Further analyses showed that nerve injury also significantly induced HK2 expression in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) macrophages. Deletion of Hk2 in myeloid cells, including both DRG macrophages and spinal microglia, led to the alleviation of mechanical pain during the first week after injury, along with attenuated microgliosis in the ipsilateral SDH, macrophage proliferation in DRGs, and suppressed inflammatory responses in DRGs. These data suggest that HK2 plays an important role in regulating neuropathic pain-related immune cell responses at acute phase and that HK2 contributes to neuropathic pain onset primarily through peripheral monocytes and DRG macrophages rather than spinal microglia.
It is intended to obtain novel agents for relieving anaphylactic allergic reactions and a novel process for producing the novel agents. Novel agents obtained by adding a yeast to a stevia plant extract obtained by extracting stevia plant tissues. Namely, stevia plant tissues are ground, mixed, added to purified water and heated. Then it is stirred, cooled and filtered. Then the filtrate thus obtained is concentrated under reduced pressure to give a stevia extract. Subsequently, a yeast is added to this stevia extract followed by fermentation.
An occlusion assembly for occluding the aorta of a patient is presented. The occlusion assembly includes an elongate shaft of two separate extrusions to which an elastomeric balloon envelope is bonded to an end of each. A support wire extends through the elongates shaft and the balloon envelope. At a distal end of the shaft, the support wire is provided with an atraumatic J-tip. At the proximal end of the shaft the proximal end of the support wire is secured to a proximal hub to give the entire assembly sufficient stiffness to be advanced into the vasculature of the patient. The balloon envelope is pre-molded to have a reverse teardrop or “ice cream cone” like shape and will maintain that general shape throughout inflation to the fully inflated state. If the balloon envelope is over inflated, the balloon envelope will advance distally and proximally (lengthening) along the support wire without damage to the surrounding vessel.
The CHPE model was defined according to the recommendations of the Spanish Ministry of Health National Conference on Diabetes Mellitus, which was complemented by criteria for good care of the Madrid Primary Healthcare Service for the promotion of healthy lifestyles among adults (2004-2007). The model is based on the following aspects: self-monitoring of glycaemic control, physical exercise, diet, weight management, and times of the day when the patient was most vulnerable to overeating, and given improved understanding of the relative effects of certain food choices on blood glucose control, medication adherence and smoking cessation.