anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Pneumonia persists as a public health crisis, representing the leading cause of death due to infection. Whether respiratory tract infections progress to pneumonia and its sequelae such as acute respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis depends on numerous underlying conditions related to both the causative agent and host. Regarding the former, pneumonia burden remains staggeringly high, despite the effectiveness of pathogen-targeting strategies such as vaccines and antibiotics. This demands a greater understanding of host features that collaborate to promote immune resistance and tissue resilience in the infected lung. Such features inside the pulmonary compartment have drawn much attention, where major advances have been made related to resident and recruited immune activity. By comparison, extra-pulmonary processes guiding pneumonia susceptibility are relatively elusive, constituting the focus of this review. Here we will highlight examples of when, how, and why tissues outside of the lungs dispatch signals that modulate local immunity in the airspaces. Topics include the liver, gut, bone marrow, brain and more, all of which contribute in direct and indirect ways to pneumonia outcome. When tuned appropriately, it has become clear that these responses can serve protective roles, and this will be considered distinctly from what would otherwise be aberrant responses characteristic of pneumonia-induced organ injury and sepsis. Further advances in this area may reveal novel targetable areas for clinical intervention that are not confined to the intra-pulmonary space.
Patients receive 200 or 300 mg niraparib orally once daily on days 1-28 and 6 mg/kg panitumumab intravenously over 60-90 minutes on days 1 and 15. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Here we explore the current literature on cochlear implantation of pediatric patients under the age of 5 years with single-sided deafness (SSD).
RECENT FINDINGS: Single-sided deafness has been noted to cause developmental delays in speech, language, and cognition because of loss of binaural hearing. Currently, cochlear implantation is the only intervention capable of restoring binaural hearing for pediatric patients with SSD. Young children have been shown to have the greatest neuroplasticity of the auditory cortex before 4 years of age. Currently, only children over the age of 5 years are approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to undergo cochlear implantation for SSD. Cochlear implantation for SSD in patients under the age of 5 years has been performed on a limited basis and has been shown to have excellent results.
SUMMARY: Cochlear implantation is a well tolerated and effective treatment for pediatric patients under the age of 5 years with SSD. Receiving cochlear implantation under the age of 5 years is critical for child development as neuroplasticity decreases after this age.
The present invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine injection for fracture union. The effective components of the present invention are the extracts of the following two kinds of traditional Chinese medicine: sarcandra and danshen root. The weight ratio of sarcandra to danshen root is 1:0.5 to 1. The present invention is obtained through the following method: pulverizing the sarcandra and the danshen root into coarse powder; decocting the coarse powder with water; filtering the decoction liquid for obtaining filtrate; filtering the filtrate again after alcohol deposition; encapsulating. The injection of the present invention has obvious acceleration and healing effect for tibia fractures, humeral fractures, bone nonunion, etc. through clinical tests.
FIELD: organic chemistry, vitamins. SUBSTANCE: invention describes the novel analogs of vitamin D of the general formula (I)   where values  , X, Y, Y' are given in p. 1 of the invention claim. Compounds show selective activity with respect to cellular functions. Invention describes also method of their synthesis and pharmaceutical composition based on compounds of the formula (I). EFFECT: improved method of synthesis. 24 cl, 16 dwg, 3 tbl
The present inventors used a model of intrasplenically induced liver metastasis to determine whether or not NF-κB activation in the liver is involved in the onset of metastatic tumors. When IKKβ was deleted from both liver cells and hematopoietically-derived cells, the onset of tumors was reduced remarkably. Tumor cells activated neighboring bone marrow cells (Kupffer cells) and produced mitogens such as interleukin (IL)-6, and this promoted angiogenesis and growth of tumors. The mitogen production depended on NF-κB in hematopoietically-derived Kupffer cells. Furthermore, treatment with an anti-IL-6 receptor antibody decreased the degree of metastatic tumor development. That is, the present inventors showed that tumor metastasis depends on inflammation, and proinflammatory intervention that targets Kupffer cells is useful for chemical prevention of metastatic tumors. Furthermore, it was shown that inhibition of the IKKβ/NF-κB signal transduction pathway, in particular IL-6 inhibition, can be utilized for anti-metastasis agents.
PURPOSE: A pharmaceutical composition comprising the extract of Houttuniae herba is provided, for promoting the generation of hard tissues such as bones and teeth. CONSTITUTION: The pharmaceutical composition comprises the extract of Houttuniae herba. The extract of Houttuniae herba is prepared by repeating the procedure consisting of heating the 50-100% methanolic aqueous solution containing Houttuniae herba at a temperature of 50-120°C for 5-24 hours, cooling the solution to 40-60°C, and filtering the solution; and concentrating the solution. The extract of Houttuniae herba is also prepared by repeating the procedure consisting of leaving the 50-100% methanolic aqueous solution containing Houttuniae herba at room temperature or at 4°C for 5-7 days, filtering the solution; and concentrating the solution. The extraction liquid is dried to obtain a powder. The composition comprises the extract of Houttuniae herba in the forms of a liquid or a powder. The composition promotes the proliferation of osteoblast and periodontal ligament cell and increases the activity of alkali phosphatase, thereby promotes the regeneration and proliferation of hard tissues, therefore can be used for treating or preventing osteoporosis or periodontitis. The composition can be used in the form of a toothpaste or a gargle. Also the composition can be used as an additive of the feed for a hatcher to strengthen the shell of an egg.
The integrity of the glomerular filtration barrier maintains protein excretion below 150 mg/day. When urinary proteins increase, this indicates damage to the filtration barrier. However, proteinuria is not only a marker of kidney damage but also exacerbates it through various mechanisms involving the glomerular and tubulointerstitial compartments. Therefore, it is essential to intervene with renoprotective action that reduces the proteinuria. In this context, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers are cornerstone treatments. Recent advancements include sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, initially used for glycemic control, now recognized for their renoprotective properties in both diabetic and non-diabetic populations. Another drug, Finerenone, a selective non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, has emerged as a promising agent, offering anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic benefits with fewer side effects than traditional steroidal options. Finally, dual inhibition of angiotensin II and endothelin-1 receptors through agents like Sparsentan presents a novel approach with significant antiproteinuric effects in IgA nephropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. This brief review summarizes the mechanisms by which proteinuria promotes kidney damage and the renoprotective therapeutic approaches available, which can be combined with lifestyle modifications and specific treatments for underlying diseases to mitigate the progression of chronic kidney disease.
This is a long-term follow-up study of subjects who previously received AVR-RD-02 (single dose administration) in a preceding treatment study. No investigational product will be administered in this study.
The invention is related to the novel compounds that have anti-oxident and anti-cancer activities. These compounds can protect (i) vital organs including the brain and the heart, (ii) skin cells, (iii) circulating cells such as red blood cells and white blood cells from physical, chemical and biological injuries either by pre-administration or post-administration. These compounds can be used to protect (iv) organs during transplant surgery by administering to a donar before removal of the organ and by administering to a receipient after transplantation. (v) These compounds can also protect red blood cells from the attack of malarial parasites. (vi) These compounds can be themselves be administered to cancer patients as low side-effect anti-cancer agents. They can also be administered to (vii) potentiate efficacy of existing other chemotherapeutic agents and (viii) to reduce side-effects of existing other chemotherapeutic agents. The compounds are synthesized by forming esters of ascorbic acid with either monomer of prostaglandin B 2  or oligomers of prostaglandin B 2 . When compared with ascorbic acid in its original form, these esters have the following advantageous features: (a) they have high affinity to membrane lipids, thus they are more easily incorporated into cells; (b) they have a remarkable anti-oxidant activity; (c) these novel compounds can protect the cells and cell membranes by scavenging free radicals, which are known to deteriorate cell membranes; (d) these compounds possess anti-cancer activity; (e) they enhance the anti-cancer activity of existing other anti-cancer agents; and (f) they reduced the toxic side effects of other existing anti-cancer agents. These compounds can be administered orally, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intravenously or topically.
Preoperative biopsy for retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) enables appropriate multidisciplinary treatment planning. A systematic review of literature from 1990 to June 2022 was conducted using the population, intervention, comparison and outcome model to evaluate the local recurrence and overall survival of preoperative biopsy compared to those that had not. Of 3192 studies screened, five retrospective cohort studies were identified. Three reported on biopsy needle tract seeding, with only one study reporting biopsy site recurrence of 2 %. Two found no significant difference in local recurrence and one found higher 5-year local recurrence rates in those who had not been biopsied. Three studies reported overall survival, including one with propensity matching, did not show a difference in overall survival. In conclusion, preoperative core needle biopsy of RPS is not associated with increased local recurrence or adverse survival outcomes.
Adults who report a history of SARS-CoV-2 infections between 1. February 2020 and the time point of sampling.
Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable mortality in the United States, implicated in countless health consequences, and significant economic and societal costs. Less than 10% of smokers making a serious quit attempt remain abstinent from cigarettes 1 year later, and outcomes from gold-standard behavioral interventions leave much room for improvement. Thus the development of new interventions and improvements to existing interventions is imperative. Behavioral interventions for smoking cessation have insufficiently integrated the findings from basic research on decision-making processes. Thus, there is extensive laboratory-based research indicating the potential for laboratory-based manipulations that affect decision making relevant for smoking, the examination of a coherent intervention that capitalizes on this knowledge is limited. The proposed research is the first step toward synthesizing insights from the research domains of addiction, behavioral analysis, and social cognition into a cohesive formulation with potential impact on smoking cessation. Specifically, the research targets impulsive decision making associated with cigarette smoking and relapse by incorporating the influential Construal Level Theory.
Participants randomized to this arm will receive no additional navigation beyond the usual care for the duration of the 9-month intervention. Participants will be offered navigation services after the completion of the intervention period.
The participants received latanoprost at night and vehicle in the morning for two weeks, then 6 week washout, then Dorzolamide BID for two weeks, then 6 week washout, then Timolol BID for two weeks. The order in which the participants received the three different drugs was random.
During Part B (Cohort 6), Subjects will receive a single matching placebo once daily in morning on Day 1 after an overnight fast of at least 8 hours. Subjects will receive a placebo once daily over a period of 14 days. Dosing with food may also be done if the active treatment is given in a fed state (dose will be given with a high fat meal.). The total dose may also be divided into 2 or 3 smaller doses administered within 24 hours in a similar manner if divided for subjects receiving active treatment in the same cohort. Subjects will be followed up to 2 weeks from the last dose.
Of the total number of subjects in clinical studies of oxycodone hydrochloride tablets, 20.8% (112/538) were 65 and over, while 7.2% (39/538) were 75 and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.

Elderly patients (aged 65 years or older) may have increased sensitivity to oxycodone. In general, use caution when selecting a dosage for an elderly patient, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.

Respiratory depression is the chief risk for elderly patients treated with opioids, and has occurred after large initial doses were administered to patients who were not opioid-tolerant or when opioids were co-administered with other agents that depress respiration. Titrate the dosage of oxycodone hydrochloride tablets slowly in geriatric patients and monitor closely for signs of central nervous system and respiratory depression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].

Oxycodone is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of adverse reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function.
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease characterized by aberrant immune activation, vascular injury, and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Ly6/PLAUR domain-containing protein 1 (LYPD1) was reported to be secreted and to have various physiological functions such as anti-angiogenic effects. Here we investigated serum LYPD1 levels in SSc patients and the association of serum LYPD1 levels with clinical features of SSc. Serum samples were obtained from 75 SSc patients and 22 healthy individuals as controls. We measured serum LYPD1 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Then, the relationship between serum LYPD1 levels and clinical features of SSc was analyzed. Serum LYPD1 levels in diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) patients were significantly higher than those in the limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc) patients (median [25-75th percentiles], 1693.43 [1086.61-1917.57] vs. 904.55 [714.356-1285.56] pg/mL), while there were no significant differences in the serum LYPD1 levels between lcSSc and healthy controls (904.55 [714.356-1285.56] vs. 750.71 pg/mL [544.00-912.14]). Further analysis revealed that serum LYPD1 levels in patients correlated with skin thickness scores and serum interleukin (IL)-6 levels, which were known to reflect the extent of skin thickening in SSc. Moreover, serum LYPD1 levels showed a decrease with improvement in skin thickness after treatment, along with a decrease in serum IL-6 levels. These results indicate that LYPD1 might be a potential marker for monitoring skin sclerosis and evaluating the efficacy of skin fibrosis treatment in SSc patients.
Kidney transplantation is the optimal treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Unfortunately, not all ESRD patients are eligible for kidney transplantation. Aortoiliac stenosis, an increasingly common type of peripheral arterial disease in ESRD patients, is considered as relative contra-indication for kidney transplantation. There are several reasons for concern, such as the complexity of the vascular anastomosis and inferior life expectancy. Consequently, it is still debated whether patients with aortoiliac stenosis would benefit from kidney transplantation.

This study aimed to supplement current literature on the safety and efficacy of kidney transplantation in patients with aortoiliac stenosis. To achieve this, all patients undergoing kidney transplantation in Erasmus Medical Center between January 2010 and December 2020 were enrolled, and propensity score matching was used to minimize confounding factors. Additionally, long-term graft function was investigated to evaluate the impact of stenosis on graft function.
On day 1, one 200 mg PPI-668 tablet will be administered. On day 6, two 100 mg PI-668 capsules will be administered.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide various chemical substances useful for the treatment with VEGF-RTK antagonist.  <P>SOLUTION: The organic compound is expressed by structural formula I or II wherein the variable groups are specifically defined. The invention further relates to a pharmaceutical formulation containing the organic compound, its pharmaceutically acceptable salt and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The pharmaceutical formulation is prepared by mixing the organic compound or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt with a carrier and water. The method for the treatment of a patient contains the administration of the pharmaceutical formulation to the patient to be treated.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Participants will receive subcutaneous (SC) golimumab through Week 50. Doses will be based on body surface area. Following the Week 54 evaluations (end of main pivotal study) participants who are benefiting from golimumab at the discretion of the investigator may continue to receive SC golimumab in an extension period until end of study.
BACKGROUND: In recent years, there has been significant research interest in immunotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). Specifically, immunotherapy has emerged as the primary treatment for patients with mismatch repair gene defects (dMMR) or microsatellite highly unstable (MSI-H) who have colorectal cancer. Yet, there is currently no data to support the practicality and safety of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for colorectal cancer with dMMR or MSI-H. Therefore, a study was conducted to identify the postoperative pathology, safety profile, and imaging features of patients with dMMR or MSI-H CRC following neoadjuvant immunotherapy.
METHODS: The retrospective study was carried out on patients with locally advanced or metastatic CRC who received immunotherapy at Sichuan Cancer Hospital, with approval from the hospital's ethics committee. The study aimed to assess the short-term effectiveness of immunotherapy by focusing on pathological complete response (pCR) as the primary outcome, while also considering secondary endpoints such as objective response rate, disease-free survival, and safety profile.
RESULTS: Twenty patients with dMMR/MSI-H CRC who underwent neoadjuvant immunotherapy as part of the treatment were enrolled between May 2019 and February 2024 at Sichuan Cancer Hospital. Out of these patients, eight patients received PD-1 blockade monotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment, while 12 were administered a combined therapy of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1. 12 patients received Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab regimen and 8 patients received PD-1 blockades (2 patients were Pembrolizumab, 2 patients were Sintilimab, 4 patients were Tislelizumab) monotherapy. Additionally, 19 patients underwent surgery after immunotherapy and of these, 15 (75.0%) achieved complete pathological response (pCR), 8 (66.7%) achieved the same on Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab immunotherapy while 7 (87.5%) achieved on PD-1 antibody monotherapy. The overall response rate (ORR) was 75%, with 45.0% of patients experiencing grade I/II immunotherapy-related adverse events. The most frequent adverse event observed was increased ALT i.e. 20%. Notably, no postoperative complications were observed.
CONCLUSION: Based on the findings, neoadjuvant immunotherapy for colorectal cancer may be both safe and effective in clinical practice. Furthermore, the study suggested that dual immunotherapy could potentially increase the immunotherapy cycle and contribute to a superior pCR rate. However, the conclusion emphasized the need for further prospective clinical trials to validate these results.
The invention provides a complex including a cation and an insulin compound conjugate. The insulin compound conjugate includes insulin compound, such as 5 human insulin or an analog thereof, conjugated to a modifying moiety, such as a polyethylene glycol moiety. The invention also includes solids and pharmaceutical compositions including such complexes, methods of making such complexes, and methods of using such complexes in the treatment of insulin compound deficiencies and other ailments. Further, the invention includes novel insulin compound 10 conjugates and modifying moieties for use in making novel insulin compound conjugates. The invention also includes fatty acid compositions for administration of of pharmaceutical agents, such as the novel insulin compound conjugates, and/or the cation-insulin compound conjugate complexes of the invention. 02/08/Ick 19374abstmt.doc,2 Figure 1
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this pilot study is to identify the genetic factors that contribute to the response of metronomic chemotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients using whole-exome sequencing (WES). This study would facilitate the identification of predictive biomarkers, which would enable personalized treatment strategies and improve treatment outcomes for patients with HNSCC.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have selected patients with recurrent head and neck cancer who underwent metronomic chemotherapy. Sequential tumor biopsies were collected from the patients at different stages of treatment to capture the genomic alterations and tumor evolution during metronomic chemotherapy and sequenced using WES.
RESULTS: We identified several known HNSCC hallmark genes reported in COSMIC, including KMT2B, NOTCH1, FAT1, TP53, HRAS, CASP8, and CDKN2A. Copy number alteration analysis revealed amplifications and deletions in several oncogenic and tumor suppressor genes. COSMIC Mutational Signature 15 associated with defective DNA mismatch repair was enriched in 73% of HNSCC samples. Further, the comparison of genomic alterations between responders and non-responders identified HRAS gene uniquely mutated in non-responders that could potentially contribute to resistance against metronomic chemotherapy.
DISCUSSION: Our findings corroborate the molecular heterogeneity of recurrent HNSCC tumors and establish an association between HRAS mutations and resistance to metronomic chemotherapy, suggesting HRAS as a potential therapeutic target. Combining HRAS inhibitors with metronomic regimens could improve treatment sensitivity in HRAS-mutated HNSCC patients. Further studies are needed to fully elucidate the genomic mechanisms underlying the response to metronomic chemotherapy.