anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention provides an externally applied drug for treating haemorrhoids. The externally applied drug is prepared from, by weight, 20-40 g of diverse wormwood herb, 20-40 g of raw liquorice roots, 10-30 g of rhubarb roots and 5-15 g of fructus evodiae. During preparation, water is added to crude drugs by weight for decoction three times, after liquid drugs obtained after decoction for 20-30 min are obtained, the three liquid drugs are mixed, and one dose of the externally applied drug is obtained. The temperature of the externally applied liquid drug obtained after three times of mixing and filtering is kept at 70-90 DEG C, and the liquid drug is put in a heat preservation stainless steel pot; during use, a patient sits on a support, external washing is carried out after thermal fumigation, and the externally applied drug is continuously used for 2-4 treatment courses. The traditional Chinese medicine raw materials have the functions of breaking blood without injuring healthy atmosphere and expelling blood stasis without troubling blood, the varieties of the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials are small, the drug amount is low, the cure rate is high, and the purpose of treating haemorrhoids through external washing is achieved. After clinical case use, the drug prepared from the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials is free of other adverse reactions on skin of an affected part.
The effectiveness of Focalin XR was established in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study in 103 pediatric patients (ages 6 to 12, n=86; ages 13 to 17, n=17) who met DSM-IV criteria for ADHD. Patients were randomized to receive either a flexible dose of Focalin XR (5 to 30 mg/day) or placebo once daily for 7 weeks. During the first 5 weeks of treatment patients were titrated to their optimal dose and in the last 2 weeks of the study patients remained on their optimal dose without dose changes or interruption. 

Signs and symptoms of ADHD were evaluated by comparing the mean change from baseline to endpoint for Focalin XR– and placebo-treated patients using an intent-to-treat analysis of the primary efficacy outcome measure, the DSM-IV total subscale score of the Conners ADHD/DSM-IV Scales for teachers (CADS-T). 

There was a statistically significant treatment effect in favor of Focalin XR. There were insufficient adolescents enrolled in this study to assess the efficacy for Focalin XR in the adolescent population. However, pharmacokinetic considerations and evidence of effectiveness of immediate-release Focalin in adolescents support the effectiveness of Focalin XR in this population.

In two additional studies in pediatric patients aged 6-12 years who received 20 mg Focalin XR or placebo in a cross-over design, Focalin XR was found to have a statistically significant treatment effect versus placebo on the Swanson, Kotkin, Agler, M-Flynn & Pelham (SKAMP) rating scale combined score at all time points after dosing in each study (0.5, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11 and 12 hours in one study and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 hours in the other study). A treatment effect was also observed 0.5 hours after administration of Focalin XR 20 mg in an additional study of ADHD patients aged 6-12 years. The SKAMP is a reliable and validated scale that assesses specific classroom behaviors related to attention (e.g., getting started, sticking with activities, completing work, and stopping for transition) and deportment or behavior (e.g., remaining quiet, remaining seated, interacting with other students, and interacting with the teacher.)  Each item is rated on a 7-point impairment scale, and an average rating per item is calculated for the subscales of Attention and Deportment.
Alopecia areata (AA) is a common disease of the immune system, known as an "autoimmune" disease. In the disease, the immune system mistakenly destroys the hair follicle, causing hair to fall out. Despite many people having this disease, research into its cause and new, better ways to treat AA has lagged far behind other similar diseases of the immune system. Currently, there are no Federal Drug Administration approved drugs for AA.

Tofacitinib (made by Pfizer) is an intervention known to effectively treat a disease of the joints, known as rheumatoid arthritis. It is also being studied in the treatment of psoriasis, another "autoimmune" disease, by fighting inflammation. There are some genetic and chemical similarities between those with active rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and AA,suggesting that treatment with the same drug is likely to be effective. In mice specially designed for testing drugs for the treatment of human alopecia, this medication worked to prevent the disease AA from starting in mice that would have otherwise developed the disease. To test Tofacitinib, we are going to treat 15 patients with moderate to severe AA for up to 6 months. This is an "open label" study, meaning that there will not be a placebo group; all patients enrolled in the study will receive the active medication. The effectiveness of the medication will be measured by changes in hair re-growth as determined by physical exam and photography, as well as by patient and physician scoring. After the treatment period of up to 6 months is completed, There will be the option of increasing the treatment duration up to an additional 6 months beyond the initially scheduled 6 months of treatment, if clinically indicated, and at the discretion of the investigator. Patients will be followed for another 6 months off of the drug to see if the effects of treatment last and if there is delayed response. The safety of the medication, Tofacitinib, in patients with AA will also be evaluated. Blood work will be collected before medication is started, during the treatment period and after Tofacitinib is stopped in order to monitor for adverse effects of the medication. Small scalp biopsies and peripheral blood will be taken at the beginning of the study before treatment and at weeks 4 and 24. Additional, optional scalp biopsies and blood draws may be suggested at other important time points. The chemical analysis of these skin samples and blood will help us to understand how the disease happens, how the treatment works, and even guide us to better treatments in the future.
HERCEPTIN HYLECTA contains trastuzumab and hyaluronidase.

Trastuzumab has not been tested for carcinogenicity potential.

No evidence of mutagenic activity was observed when trastuzumab was tested in the standard Ames bacterial and human peripheral blood lymphocyte mutagenicity assays at concentrations of up to 5000 mcg/mL. In an in vivo micronucleus assay, no evidence of chromosomal damage to mouse bone marrow cells was observed following bolus intravenous doses of up to 118 mg/kg of trastuzumab.

A fertility study was conducted in female cynomolgus monkeys at doses up to 25 times the weekly recommended human dose of 2 mg/kg of intravenous trastuzumab and has revealed no evidence of impaired fertility, as measured by menstrual cycle duration and female sex hormone levels.

Hyaluronidases are found in most tissues of the body. Long-term animal studies have not been performed to assess the carcinogenic or mutagenic potential of hyaluronidase. In addition, when hyaluronidase (recombinant human) was administered to cynomolgus monkeys for 39 weeks at dose levels up to 220,000 U/kg, which is > 670 times higher than the human dose, no evidence of toxicity to the male or female reproductive system was found through periodic monitoring of in-life parameters, e.g., semen analyses, hormone levels, menstrual cycles, and also from gross pathology, histopathology and organ weight data.
Participants fill out several questionnaires at baseline, at completion of meditation classes, and at follow up visit. The forms should take about 30 minutes to complete. Participants complete computer tests to check memory and concentration taking about 20 minutes to complete. Electroencephalography (EEG) performed at baseline, at completion of classes, and at follow up visit. Participants have magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan of brain at baseline, at completion of meditation classes, and at follow up visit. Tests, EEG, and fMRI should take a total of about 90 minutes to complete. Participants take part in up to 16 meditation classes for a total of 8 weeks. All sessions videotaped.
Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is a percutaneous procedure to prevent thromboembolism in patients affected by atrial fibrillation. Despite its demonstrated efficacy, the LAA morphological complexity hinders the procedure, resulting in postprocedural drawbacks (device-related thrombus and peri-device leakage). Local anatomical features may cause difficulties in the device's positioning and affect the effectiveness of the device's implant. The current work proposes a detailed FE model of the LAAO useful to investigate implant scenarios and derive clinical indications. A high-fidelity model of the Watchman FLX device and simplified parametric conduits mimicking the zone of the LAA where the device is deployed were developed. Device-conduit interactions were evaluated by looking at clinical indicators such as device-wall gap, possible cause of leakage, and device protrusion. As expected, the positioning of the crimped device before the deployment was found to significantly affect the implant outcomes: clinician's choices can be improved if FE models are used to optimize the pre-operative planning. Remarkably, also the wall mechanical stiffness plays an important role. However, this parameter value is unknown for a specific LAA, a crucial point that must be correctly defined for developing an accurate FE model. Finally, numerical simulations outlined how the device's configuration on which the clinician relies to assess the implant success (i.e., the deployed configuration with the device still attached to the catheter) may differ from the actual final device's configuration, relevant for achieving a safe intervention.
By analyzing the relevant literature, we can accurately grasp the current status of diagnosis and treatment of chronic total occlusion of coronary artery, and clarify the development trend, research frontiers and hotspots of this disease. A literature search with "chronic total occlusion" as the title was performed in the Web of Science database. The title, author, abstract, keywords, institution, publication, country, reference, and other endnotes of the selected literature were exported in the form of text. The author, country, institution, and keywords of the literature were analyzed through Citespace and VOSviewer. The United States has the highest proportion of articles. The institution with the largest number of publications in this field is the Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation. Brilakis Emmanouil S is the author with the most published articles. The journal system with the largest number of articles in this field is Cardiac Cardiovascular Systems. The keywords with the highest frequency are "chronic total occlusion," "percutaneous coronary intervention," "recanalization," and "revascularization." The burst detection analysis of hot keywords shows that "algorithm," "management," and "mortality" are the research hotspots in this field in recent years. At present, the research on this disease mainly focuses on the opening of occluded coronary arteries through various treatment methods. In the near future and the next few years, the research hotspots may be the scoring system algorithms for the treatment of chronic total occlusion of coronary artery and the management strategies for patients.
OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer, a global concern predominantly impacting women, poses a significant threat when not identified early. While survival rates for breast cancer patients are typically favorable, the emergence of regional metastases markedly diminishes survival prospects. Detecting metastases and comprehending their molecular underpinnings are crucial for tailoring effective treatments and improving patient survival outcomes.
METHODS: Various artificial intelligence methods and techniques were employed in this study to achieve accurate outcomes. Initially, the data was organized and underwent hold-out cross-validation, data cleaning, and normalization. Subsequently, feature selection was conducted using ANOVA and binary Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). During the analysis phase, the discriminative power of the selected features was evaluated using machine learning classification algorithms. Finally, the selected features were considered, and the SHAP algorithm was utilized to identify the most significant features for enhancing the decoding of dominant molecular mechanisms in lymph node metastases.
RESULTS: In this study, five main steps were followed for the analysis of mRNA expression data: reading, preprocessing, feature selection, classification, and SHAP algorithm. The RF classifier utilized the candidate mRNAs to differentiate between negative and positive categories with an accuracy of 61% and an AUC of 0.6. During the SHAP process, intriguing relationships between the selected mRNAs and positive/negative lymph node status were discovered. The results indicate that GDF5, BAHCC1, LCN2, FGF14-AS2, and IDH2 are among the top five most impactful mRNAs based on their SHAP values.
CONCLUSION: The prominent identified mRNAs including GDF5, BAHCC1, LCN2, FGF14-AS2, and IDH2, are implicated in lymph node metastasis. This study holds promise in elucidating a thorough insight into key candidate genes that could significantly impact the early detection and tailored therapeutic strategies for lymph node metastasis in patients with breast cancer.
Patients receive rituximab IV on day 1, etoposide IV on days 2-4, carboplatin IV on day 3, and ifosfamide IV on day 3 over 24 hours. Patients also receive G-CSF SC once daily beginning on day 6 and continuing until apheresis is completed and plerixafor SC once daily for up to 4 days beginning 24 hours after recovery from nadir and continuing until apheresis is completed. Patients may undergo up to 4 apheresis procedures until the optimal number of CD34+ cells are collected.
CPX-351, a liposomal combination of cytarabine plus daunorubicin, has been approved for the treatment of adults with newly diagnosed, therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or AML with myelodysplasia-related changes, because it improves survival and outcome of patients who received hematopoietic stem cell transplant compared with the continuous infusion of cytarabine plus daunorubicin (referred to as "7 + 3" combination). Because gut dysbiosis occurring in patients with AML during induction chemotherapy heavily affects the subsequent phases of therapy, we have assessed whether the superior activity of CPX-351 vs "7 + 3" combination in the real-life setting implicates an action on and by the intestinal microbiota. To this purpose, we have evaluated the impact of CPX-351 and "7 + 3" combination on mucosal barrier function, gut microbial composition and function, and antifungal colonization resistance in preclinical models of intestinal damage in vitro and in vivo and fecal microbiota transplantation. We found that CPX-351, at variance with "7 + 3" combination, protected from gut dysbiosis, mucosal damage, and gut morbidity while increasing antifungal resistance. Mechanistically, the protective effect of CPX-351 occurred through pathways involving both the host and the intestinal microbiota, namely via the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interleukin-22 (IL-22)-IL-10 host pathway and the production of immunomodulatory metabolites by anaerobes. This study reveals how the gut microbiota may contribute to the good safety profile, with a low infection-related mortality, of CPX-351 and highlights how a better understanding of the host-microbiota dialogue may contribute to pave the way for precision medicine in AML.
OBJECTIVES: Recent advancements in lung transplantation have expanded donor and candidate criteria, challenging multidisciplinary teams to navigate ethical and clinical complexities in patient selection and management. Comorbidities and frailty substantially influence outcomes posttransplant, yet optimal assessment tools for frailty remain undetermined. This study investigated whether preoperative comorbidity and frailty assessments predict postoperative outcomes in lung transplant recipients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed 68 adult patients who underwent single or bilateral lung transplant at the University Hospital Zurich in Zurich, Switzerland, between January 2022 and December 2023. We assessed comorbidity and frailty data by using the Varughese 40-variable frailty index and categorized deficits in comorbidity, laboratory values, and functional status. We classified comorbidity on the basis of prevalent diseases.
RESULTS: Among the cohort, 62 patients underwent bilateral transplant, including 2 patients who required retransplant. Of total patients, 42 were male patients, and mean age at transplant was 58 years. Mortality rates were notably higher among patients with 6 or more comorbidities compared patients who had less comorbidities, although definitive conclusions were limited by the small sample size (n = 5). Frailty index scores ranged from 0.05 to ≥0.20, with no scores below 0.05 observed. Higher frailty index (≥0.20) correlated with prolonged intensive care unit,thoracic ward, and rehabilitation center stays, as well as increased total hospitalization days and mortality, albeit with a small sample size limitation.
CONCLUSIONS: This study assessed the effects of preoperative comorbidity and frailty on postoperative outcomes in lung transplant recipients. Higher comorbidity counts were linked to increased mortality, with 38% of patients with 6 or more comorbidities dying within the first year. A higher frailty index (≥0.20) was associated with longerintensive care unit, normal ward, and rehabilitation stays, higher total hospitalization days, and increased mortality.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating asthma. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared from, by weight, 25-35 parts of radix codonopsis, 25-35 parts of pararuellia delauayana (Baill.) E. Hossain, 25-35 parts of radix scutellariae, 15-25 parts of radix asteris, 15-25 parts of fructus kochiae, 15-25 parts of vitex negundo L., 5-15 parts of rabdosia rubescens, 15-25 parts of paris polyphylla, 5-15 parts of chenopodium album and 25-35 parts of liquorice. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation is mainly used for treating the asthma, particularly bronchial asthma. When used for treating the asthma, the traditional Chinese medicine preparation is taken orally twice a day, about 200ml each time. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation is taken for 30 days being a treatment course and takes effect in one treatment course generally, and a patient can be cured in one to two treatment courses. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating the asthma is notable in curative effect, quick to take effect, capable of treating both symptoms and root causes and free of adverse reaction and side effect.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a process for commercially producing a hair or skin cosmetic product.  <P>SOLUTION: The cosmetic includes a formulation containing a hair or skin cosmetic component. The process includes a process step in which at least part of the formulation is induced with an apparatus having a micro structural unit. The apparatus has at least one or more overlapping and/or mutually lined grooves with a diameter of 10-1,000 μm. Different phases to be mixed flow through the grooves and are mixed when they flow out of the grooves. The apparatus may have one or more static micro mixers and/or one or more micro heat exchangers.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
OBJECTIVE: An advance care directive is a legal document outlining the wishes made by a person about treatment options. However, there is increasing evidence that an advance care directive that has previously been documented may not always benefit the current prognosis of the patient. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the experiences of Australian emergency doctors and nurses concerning the use of previously documented advance care directives at the point of care for patients and their families.
METHODS: A qualitative study guided by a phenomenological interpretive approach was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ED doctors and nurses across Australia. Data were thematically analysed using a seven-stage data analysis framework.
RESULTS: An analysis of the interview data resulted in four major themes: (i) Benefits of Advance Care Directives; (ii) Knowledge and Awareness; (iii) Communication; and (iv) Availability of Advance Care Directive Information.
CONCLUSIONS: From the findings, advance care directives were believed to be beneficial in decision making when patients, families, and ED staff agreed with the decisions made. Advance care directives were often made a long time ago but were useful to start conversations around goals of care and end-of-life care relevant to the patient's current situation. Findings in the present study further reinforced that an advance care directive was beneficial when used alongside goals of care at the point of care in EDs.
This is multicenter, prospective, observational trial to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of magnetocardiography(MCG) scan in detecting significant coronary artery disease(CAD) compared to the reference standard coronary arteriography(CAG). Chest pain patients scheduled for CAG will be offered to enroll in this clinical trial and provide informed consent to undergo with a rest/stress MCG scan prior to CAG. This MCG scan with a new 96 channel superconducting quantum interference device(SQUID) system is radiation-free, contactless and takes less than ten minutes to complete. Multiple studies have shown that the diagnostic accuracy of stress MCG scan is quite high in identifying patients with symptomatic CAD. Results will be interpreted and compared to the results of cardiac SPECT stress test, if available, and CAG. Participants will be followed up to 30 days via phone call or chart review. 30 day major adverse cardiac event(MACE) will be recorded and correlated with initial MCG scan results.
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a prevalent lifelong health condition. It is predicted that over 500 million adults will be diagnosed with T2D by 2040. T2D can develop at any age, and if it progresses, it may cause serious comorbidities. One of the most critical T2D-related comorbidities is Myocardial Infarction (MI), known as heart attack. MI is a life-threatening medical emergency, and it is important to predict it and intervene in a timely manner. The use of Machine Learning (ML) for clinical prediction is gaining pace, but the class imbalance in predictive models is a key challenge for establishing a trustworthy deployment of the technology. This may lead to bias and overfitting in the ML models, and it may cause misleading interpretations of the ML outputs. In our study, we showed how systematic use of Class Imbalance Handling (CIH) techniques may improve the performance of the ML models. We used the Connected Bradford dataset, consisting of over one million real-world health records. Three commonly used CIH techniques, Oversampling, Undersampling, and Class Weighting (CW) have been used for Naive Bayes (NB), Neural Network (NN), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Ensemble models. We report that CW overperforms among the other techniques with the highest Accuracy and F1 values of 0.9948 and 0.9556, respectively. Applying the most appropriate CIH techniques for the ML models using real-world healthcare data provides promising results for helping to reduce the risk of MI in patients with T2D.