anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Gastrointestinal: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, glossitis, dysphagia, enterocolitis, inflammatory lesions (with monilial overgrowth) in the anogenital region, and pancreatitis. Hepatotoxicity has been reported rarely. These reactions have been caused by both the oral and parenteral administration of tetracyclines. Superficial discoloration of the adult permanent dentition, reversible upon drug discontinuation and professional dental cleaning has been reported. Permanent tooth discoloration and enamel hypoplasia may occur with drugs of the tetracycline class when used during tooth development. (See WARNINGS.)

Skin: maculopapular and erythematous rashes. Exfoliative dermatitis has been reported but is uncommon. Photosensitivity is discussed above. (See WARNINGS.)

Renal toxicity: Rise in BUN has been reported and is apparently dose related. (See WARNINGS.)

Immune: Hypersensitivity reactions including urticaria, angioneurotic edema, anaphylaxis, anaphylactoid purpura, pericarditis, exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus, and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS).

Other: Bulging fontanels in infants and intracranial hypertension in adults. (See WARNINGS.)

Blood: Hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia and eosinophilia have been reported.

When given over prolonged periods, tetracyclines have been reported to produce brown-black microscopic discoloration of thyroid glands. No abnormalities of thyroid function studies are known to occur.

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Mylan at 1-877-446-3679 (1-877-4-INFO-RX) or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
In clinical trials, the development of localized infections of the mouth and pharynx with Candida albicans occurred in 32 of 3038 patients treated with ALVESCO. Of the 32 reported cases, 20 occurred in 1394 patients treated with a total daily dose of 320 mcg of ALVESCO or higher. Most cases of candida infection were mild to moderate. When such an infection develops, it should be treated with appropriate local or systemic (i.e. oral antifungal) therapy while remaining on treatment with ALVESCO, but at times therapy with ALVESCO may need to be interrupted. Patients should rinse the mouth after inhalation of ALVESCO.
Each patient receives 250 mg of acetazolamide and 50 mg of hydrochlorothiazide daily for 1 week. Then they are prescribed 40 mg of furosemide daily for 2 weeks.
This is an open label study, which means that all parties including the study doctor, the healthy volunteer and the sponsor will know at all times which treatment group the volunteer is in. This is a cross over trial, which means that every volunteer will be sequentially subjected to 2 different treatments. A total of 32 healthy volunteers will participate in this study. Volunteers will be divided over 2 panels of 16 volunteers each. Volunteers in Panel 1 will be randomly assigned to treatment sequence AB or BA. Volunteers in Panel 2 will be randomly assigned to treatment sequence CD or DC. During all treatment periods 100 mg ritonavir (rtv) will be dosed once daily on Day 1 to Day 5. In treatment A you will receive a single dose of darunavir (DRV) two 400 mg commercial formulation in the morning of day 3 after a standard breakfast. In treatment B you will receive a single dose of darunavir (DRV) 800 mg new formulation in the morning of Day 3 also under fed conditions. In treatment C you will receive a single dose of darunavir (DRV) two 400 mg commercial formulation in the morning of day 3 under fasted conditions. In treatment D you will receive a single dose of darunavir (DRV) 800 mg new formulation in the morning of day 3 also under fasted conditions. Treatment sessions are organized with 7 days between treatment periods. In each session, an extensive investigation of the levels of DRV and rtv in the blood circulation is planned. Levels of DRV will be assessed at 15 different time points, i.e. before administration of DRV 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after intake of DRV. Levels of rtv will be assessed at 13 different time points, i.e. before administration of rtv on Day 3, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9 and 12 hours after intake of rtv on day 3 and before administration of rtv on Day 4. Standard Safety assessments (blood biochemistry and hematology, urine analysis, ECG, pulse rate and blood pressure) will be performed on Day1, 3 and 6 in each Treatment period. Two 400 mg DRV commercial tablet formulation (F030) single dose on Day 3 of treatment A and C; 800 mg DRV new tablet formulation (G002) single dose on Day 3 of treatment B and D; 100 mg rtv capsule once daily on Day 1 to Day 5. All intake are oral.
The growing incidence of Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) underscores the urgency for potent treatments. This research delves into the therapeutic potential of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Lamiaceae) root (SR) in addressing CDAD and its influence on gut microbiota. Using a CDAD mouse model and fidaxomicin as a control, SR's impact was measured through diarrhea symptoms, colonic histopathology, and C. difficile toxin levels. Employing the PacBio platform, 16S rRNA full-length gene sequencing analyzed the gut microbial composition and the effect of SR. Results revealed SR considerably alleviated diarrhea during treatment and restoration phases, with a marked decrease in colonic inflammation. C. difficile toxin levels dropped significantly with SR treatment (P < 0.001). While SR didn't augment gut microbiota's overall abundance, it enhanced its diversity. It restored levels of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, reduced Akkermansia spp. and Enterococcus spp. proportions, and modulated specific bacterial species' abundance. In essence, SR effectively mitigates CDAD symptoms, curtails inflammatory reactions, and beneficially restructures gut microbiota, suggesting its potential in advanced CDAD clinical intervention.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled composition having low bulk density and improved taste and flavor and easy to drink, by mixing refined lecithin with a specific amount of one or more kinds of flavor, pulverized vitamin, emulsifier, glucide, protein or oil and fat and compression molding the mixture. CONSTITUTION:100pts.wt. of a refined lecithin is mixed with <=15pts.wt. each (<=30pts.wt. in total) of one or more kinds of flavor, pulverized vitamin, emulsifi er, glucide, protein or oil and fat and compression molding the mixture with a propeller mincer, roller compactor, etc. A stick or flaky product can be pro duced by the strong cohesivity of soybean lecithin and the product is stable to moisture and oxidation compared with powder product. The stability can be maintained even by the addition of vitamin E, C, etc. Since the product is transparent, it has excellent appearance. It can be easily produced and is useful as a medicine or a food for aged people. The characteristic smell of soybean lecithin is eliminated by the addition of citric flavor to facilitate the drinking of the composition.
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are vascular anomalies resulting in abnormal connections between pulmonary arteries and veins. In 80% of cases, PAVMs are present from birth, but clinical manifestations are rarely seen in childhood. These congenital malformations are typically associated with Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT), a rare disease that affects 1 in 5000/8000 individuals. HHT disease is frequently caused by mutations in genes involved in the TGF-β pathway. However, approximately 15% of patients do not have a genetic diagnosis and, among the genetically diagnosed, more than 33% do not meet the Curaçao criteria. This makes clinical diagnosis even more challenging in the pediatric age group. Here, we introduce an 8-year-old patient bearing a severe phenotype of multiple diffuse PAVMs caused by an unknown mutation which ended in lung transplantation. Phenotypically, the case under study follows a molecular pattern which is HHT-like. Therefore, molecular- biological and cellular-functional analyses have been performed in primary endothelial cells (ECs) isolated from the explanted lung. The findings revealed a loss of functionality in lung endothelial tissue and a stimulation of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Understanding the molecular basis of this transition could potentially offer new therapeutic strategies to delay lung transplantation in severe cases.
OBJECTIVE: This longitudinal study sought to explore the impact of cortisol and hope levels on Fear of Cancer Recurrence (FCR) and Quality of Life (QOL) in a cohort of 552 breast cancer patients from three centers in Wuhan City.
METHOD: A longitudinal study involving 552 breast cancer patients from three centers in Wuhan City utilized Chinese versions of the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form (FoP-Q-SF), the Herth Hope Index (HHI), and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) scale. Cortisol levels were measured thrice daily, and data was collected longitudinally three times. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 and Mplus 8.3, employing a longitudinal path model constructed via the cross-lagged method.
RESULTS: The results showed there were significant correlations between FCR, cortisol levels, and QOL at different time points. A significant mediating model was found with outcomes related to hope levels. Specifically, FCR predicted a decrease in hope levels (β = -0.163, p < 0.001), which in turn led to a decrease in overall QOL (β = -0.078, p < 0.001), with a mediation effect accounting for 10.34%. Although there were correlations between FCR, cortisol levels, and QOL at different time points, further analysis revealed that cortisol levels did not exhibit a mediating effect between the two (95% confidence interval: -0.002 to 0.001).
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated there were significant correlations among FCR, QOL, and hope levels. Considering hope as a crucial mediator between FCR and QOL, potential intervention strategies for optimizing the QOL of breast cancer patients are proposed.
PURPOSE:To prepare the titled suppressing agent capable of suppressing the absorption of glucose, and preventing the increase of neutral fat, insulin, and lipid peroxide in the blood serum, by using a black pigment component extracted from crude sugar as an active component. CONSTITUTION:Crude sugar (muscovado) is dissolved in a proper amount of water, and the solution is made to contact with an adsorbent to adsorb the pigment component. The adsorbed component is washed with water to remove the sugar completely, and the pigment is desorbed with a solvent. The separated pigment component is used as an active component of the objective agent for suppressing the absorption of glucose. The pigment component has the following characteristics: appearance, brown hygroscopic powder having slight scorch smell and moderate bitter taste; solubility, soluble in water and alcohol, and insoluble in benzene, chloroform, etc.; pH, 7.5 as 1% aqueous solution; reactions, forms red precipitate when 2-3 drops of 5% aqueous solution is added to boiling Fehling reagent, negative to the reaction of FeCl3 reagent with 5% aqueous solution, and forms no precipitate when gelatin reagent is added to 5% aqueous solution; elemental analysis, constituent elements are H, O, C and N.
BACKGROUND: Salidroside (Sal) has been found to protect against multiple impairments caused by diabetes, and we designed this study to investigate the effect of Sal on gestational hypertension (GHP)-induced impairment of offspring learning and memory.
METHODS: We established a GHP rat model by intraperitoneal injection of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), and treated with Sal by daily gavage. We used Morris Water Maze test to evaluate the learning and memory ability of offspring rats. HE staining was used to measured the pathological changes in hippocampus of offspring. Immunohistochemistry, cellular immunofluorescence and western blot were used to detect the protein expression.
RESULTS: The learning and memory abilities of GHP offspring rats were significantly lower than those of normal rat offspring, while Sal treatment could significantly improve the learning and memory abilities of GHP offspring rats. HE staining did not reveal pathological differences in the hippocampus of normal rats, GHP rats and Sal-treated GHP offspring rats. However, Sal treatment can significantly increase the expression of Wnt1 and Skp2 protein, and decrease the expression of P27kiwf and P21waf1 protein in the hippocampus of GHP offspring rats. In vitro, Sal significantly promoted the proliferation and differentiation on neural stem cell, while Wnt1 knockdown could reverse these promotions by Sal. In the hippocampus of GHP offspring rats, Sal treatment significantly increased the expression of Tuj1, SOX2, Ki67 and DCX protein.
CONCLUSION: Salidroside significantly improves the learning and memory impairment of offspring caused by GHP, and its mechanism may be related to the fact that Salidroside promotes the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells by activating the Wnt1/Skp2 signaling pathway.
Children in this arm will receive computerised cognitive rehabilitation training for 24 sessions lasting 45 minutes. The Captain's log brain training software is programmed to increase in difficulty as child progresses through the training levels.
Participants received intravenous infusions of 4 mg/kg tocilizumab once every 4 weeks until Week 24. Participants who did not attain an ASAS20 response at Week 16 were, at the investigator's discretion, eligible to receive open-label escape therapy consisting of 8 mg/kg tocilizumab. After Week 24, participants were to receive open-label treatment with 8 mg/kg tocilizumab every 4 weeks until Week 104. At the completion of Week 104, all Part 2 participants were to receive tocilizumab 8 mg/kg in the common open-label extension phase, however the study was terminated prior to any participants reaching this stage.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Kratom is used commonly in the United States, usually to mitigate pain, opioid withdrawal, or fatigue. A comprehensive discussion on kratom, tailored to pain management physicians, is needed, given its associated risks and potential interactions.
RECENT FINDINGS: Kratom and its main metabolites, mitragynine and 7-OH-mitragynine, bind to a variety of receptors including mu opioid receptors. Still, kratom cannot be described as a classic opioid. Kratom has been utilized without FDA approval as an alternative to traditional medications for opioid use disorder and opioid withdrawal. Lower doses of kratom typically cause opioid-like effects while higher doses can have sedating effects. Tolerance, dependence and withdrawal still occur, although kratom withdrawal appears to be more moderate than opioid withdrawal. Contamination with heavy metals and biological toxins is concerning and there is potential for serious complications, including seizures and death.
SUMMARY: The use of kratom as an opioid-sparing alternative as a part of a multimodal pain regimen is not without significant risks. It is of utmost importance for pain physicians to be aware of the risks and adverse effects associated with kratom use.
CSE was performed with the "needle-through-needle" technique using a single interspace (Espocan, B.Braun Melsungen, Germany). The block consists of performing a spinal block via a 27-G spinal needle (Spinocan 125mm) introduced through an 18-G Tuohy needle (Perican 88mm) which was placed cranially directed in the epidural space. We did rotate the Tuohy needle between the spinal block and the insertion of the epidural catheter.
In the controlled clinical studies of FORTAMET® in patients with type 2 diabetes, a total of 424 patients received FORTAMET® therapy (up to 2500 mg/day) and 430 patients received immediate-release metformin. Adverse reactions reported in ≥5% of the FORTAMET® or immediate-release metformin patients are listed in Table 6. These pooled results show that the most frequently reported adverse reactions in the FORTAMET® group were infection, diarrhea, and nausea. Similar incidences of these adverse reactions were seen in the immediate-release metformin group.

The most frequent adverse events thought to be related to FORTAMET® were diarrhea, nausea, dyspepsia, flatulence, and abdominal pain. The frequency of dyspepsia was 4.2% in the FORTAMET® group compared to 5.1% in the immediate-release group, the frequency of flatulence was 3.5% in the FORTAMET® group compared to 3.7% in the immediate-release group, and the frequency of abdominal pain was 3.3% in the FORTAMET® group compared to 4.4% in the immediate-release group.

In the controlled studies, 4.7% of patients treated with FORTAMET® and 4.9% of patients treated with immediate-release metformin were discontinued due to adverse events.
Design: Randomized controlled trial; intervention study. Patients: Patients with low back pain; referred to Nordsjaellands Hospital, Denmark. Inclusion criteria: adults, low back pain minimum scored 4 on numeric rating scale, able to conduct exercise training. Exclusion criteria: unable to understand Danish, psychiatric disorder, dementia, approaching operation, current or approaching settlement regarding working ability or compensation as a result of low back pain. Intervention: Randomization to usual care or usual care and four times two hours group based patient education with an interdisciplinary focus on self-management of low back pain. The patient education will be delivered by physiotherapists, nurses and physicians. Outcome: functions, pain, quality of life, self-efficacy, and depression. The data are reported in questionnaires. Sample size: 74 participants.
For the initial two weeks, subjects will be given 200 mg CBD. Following this titration period, they will receive 400 mg CBD for the remaining two and a half months. Then, subjects will receive placebo for the remaining of the study.
At the baseline fitness assessment, the FitBit daily step goal is set at the manufacturer standard 10,000 steps. Throughout the study, these 30 participants will receive generic, non-personalized encouragement and recommendations (if requested by the participant) for PA at routine clinic visits, baseline and follow-up assessments at 3 and 6 month clinic visits. At the 3-month and 6-month visits, exercise is reinforced with generic encouragement, export FitBit data and review any missing data concerning for equipment failure or user error.
According to the present invention, granules are prepared by combining a core containing an active ingredient with a coating layer coating the core. The granules can control the elution speed and lag time of the active ingredient according to purposes. The coating layer contains a gastric soluble polymer and a water-soluble polymer. The gastric soluble polymer may include at least one selected from the group consisting of a (meth)acrylic polymer having an aminoalkyl methacrylate unit and a polyvinylacetal polymer modified with an alkylaminocarboxylic acid. In the coating layer, the gastric soluble polymer and the water-soluble polymer may form a phase separated structure. The phase separated structure may be a sea-island structure including a matrix phase formed of the gastric soluble polymer and a dispersion phase formed of the water-soluble polymer.
SPEVIGO may increase the risk of infections. During the one-week placebo-controlled period in the Effisayil-1 trial, infections were reported in 14% of subjects treated with SPEVIGO compared with 6% of subjects treated with placebo [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

In patients with a chronic infection or a history of recurrent infection, consider the potential risks and expected clinical benefits of treatment prior to prescribing SPEVIGO. Treatment with SPEVIGO is not recommended in patients with any clinically important active infection until the infection resolves or is adequately treated. Instruct patients to seek medical advice if signs or symptoms of clinically important infection occur during or after treatment with SPEVIGO. If a patient develops a clinically important active infection, discontinue SPEVIGO therapy until the infection resolves or is adequately treated.
Before injecting your medicine, choose an area with a fatty tissue layer (see Figure 5a or Figure 5b). Ask your healthcare provider if you have a question about where to inject. Clean the skin around this area.

Figure 5a

or

Figure 5b

Figure 6

1\. Without pushing the Blue Button, press the loaded Pen firmly against the skin so that the grey barrel slides down toward the blue section that holds the Syringe Cartridge (see Figure 4). (This releases the Safety Catch that keeps the Pen from firing by mistake until you are ready.)

2\. Push the Blue Button. Hold the Pen still for at least 5 seconds. If the Pen is taken away from the skin too soon, not all the medicine will come out.

3\. After 5 seconds, carefully take the Pen away from your skin. The needle will be showing (see Figure 6). Do not touch the needle.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to dynamically creating a questionnaire for a patient to fill out while waiting to be seen by a healthcare provider. In various embodiments, an initial differential diagnosis may be determined from the dynamic questionnaire. A set of known medical queries and medical information from a set of known medical documents are grouped into categories. A bipartite graph is generated between the categories of medical information and categories of medical queries. A first query is selected and a user is prompted for input of medical data. A first set of candidate diagnoses is determined based on the user input. The remaining queries are classified to determine a ranking. One or more additional queries are selected from the ranked remaining queries, prompting a user for input of additional medical data. A second set of candidate diagnoses is selected based on the additional medical data.
Patients assigned to the intervention group will be given a leaflet entitled "Information leaflet about LDL Cholesterol" that will educate them about the risks of high LDL-C and the importance of adherence to lipid-lowering medication. Patients assigned to the intervention group will be contacted via telephone for a pre-specified interview (motivational interview again stressing the importance of adherence to lipid-lowering medication) at 1 month and 6 months after discharge, and for an in-person interview plus lipid profiling at 1 year after discharge.
Middle ear myoclonus tinnitus is an abnormal sound perceived by unusual contraction of the stapes muscle or tensor tympani muscle. The current diagnostic methods include medical history inquiry, physical examination and audiological tests. The diagnosis was confirmed by tympanic exploration of myoclonus. Etiological treatment is considered to be the first treatment of choice, supplemented by behavior therapy and pharmacotherapy. Surgery will be performed when conservative treatment fails. This article reviews the diagnosis and treatment of middle ear myoclonus tinnitus.