anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with a host of functional problems and negative outcomes, including occupational and marital dissatisfaction, violence, alcohol and substance abuse, and suicide. Cognitive behavioral treatments tend to be the most highly efficacious treatments for PTSD. Prolonged Exposure (PE) therapy is a manualized cognitive behavioral therapy consisting of imaginal exposure followed by processing thoughts and feelings related to the imaginal experience; in-vivo exposure, psychoeducation, and controlled breathing training. Preliminary evidence suggests that PE is associated with significant suicidal ideation (SI) reductions. Enhancing PE with procedures that have been shown to significantly reduce suicidal thoughts and behaviors could serve to further reduce suicide risk during and after treatment completion.

The long-term goal of this project is to prevent suicides among individuals diagnosed with PTSD by integrating trauma-focused therapies with suicide-focused interventions. The primary objective of this pilot project is to test the efficacy of PE when enhanced with a crisis response plan utilizing self-report, behavioral, and ecological assessment methods to compare treatment effects.
1310606 2 - (1 - Adamantylcarboxamido)- phenylacetic acids CIBA-GEIGY AG 25 March 1970 [26 March 1969] 14461/70 Heading C2C Novel 2 - (1 - adamantylcarboxamido)- phenylacetic acids of the general formula wherein one of R 1 and R 2 is a hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or a C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy or trifluoromethyl group and the other is a hydrogen atom, or both R 1 and R 2 are C 1-4 alkoxy groups, and R 3 and R 4 are each a hydrogen atom or a C 1-4 alkyl group, and, when R 4 is a hydrogen atom in said formula, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof with bases are prepared by reaction of a 2-amino-phenylacetic acid of the general formula with an acylating agent containing a 1-adamantyl-carbonyl group and, when in the product R 4 is a hydrogen atom, optional esterification or salification of the product, or, when in the product R 4 is a C 1-4 alkyl group, optional hydrolysis of the product to give the corresponding free acid or a salt thereof, the latter optionally being converted to the free acid. 2 - Amino - phenylacetic acid esters of the second general formula above wherein R 4 is a C 1-4 alkyl group are prepared by esterification of the corresponding 2-nitro-phenylacetic acid and reduction of the resulting 2-nitro-phenylacetic acid ester. Methyl 2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)propionate is prepared by reaction of methyl 2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylphenylacetate with methyl iodide in the presence of sodium hydride. Methyl 2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-hexanoate is prepared analogously from 1 - bromo - n - butane. 4 - Methyl - 2 - nitrophenylacetic acid is prepared by reaction of 3- nitro-4-chlorotoluene with diethyl malonate in the presence of sodium, followed by ethanolic potassium hydroxide solution. 5 - Fluoro - 2- nitrophenylacetic acid is prepared by acid hydrolysis of 5-fluoro-2-nitrophenylacetonitrile. Pharmaceutical compositions having antiinflammatory activity comprise, as active ingredient, a 2 - (1 - adamantylcarboxamido)- phenylacetic acid of the first general formula above or, when R 4 is a hydrogen atom in said formula, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with a base, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier therefor, and may be administered orally.
[GB1310606A]
BACKGROUND: Long-term outcomes of tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) for hepatitis B virus (HBV)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection were evaluated in Zambia.
METHODS: A prospective cohort of adults with HIV and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positivity was enrolled at ART initiation. On tenofovir-containing ART, we ascertained HBV viral load (VL) non-suppression, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation, serologic end-points, progression of liver fibrosis based on elastography, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence. We also described a subgroup (low HBV VL and no/minimal fibrosis at baseline) that, under current international guidelines, would not have been treated in the absence of their HIV infection.
RESULTS: Among 289 participants at ART start, median age was 34 years, 40.1% were women, median CD4 count was 191 cells/mm3, 44.2% were hepatitis B e antigen-positive, and 28.4% had liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. Over median 5.91 years of ART, 13.6% developed HBV viral non-suppression, which was associated with advanced HIV disease. ALT elevation on ART was linked with HBV VL non-suppression. Regression of fibrosis and cirrhosis were common, progression to cirrhosis was absent, and no cases of HCC were ascertained. HBsAg seroclearance was 9.4% at 2 and 15.4% at 5 years, with higher rates among patients with low baseline HBV replication markers.
CONCLUSIONS: Reassuring long-term liver outcomes were ascertained during tenofovir-based ART for HBV/HIV coinfection in Zambia. Higher than expected HBsAg seroclearance during ART underscores the need to include people with HIV in HBV cure research.
Mothers will be informed about the application before the procedure. Mothers who agree to participate in the study will be asked to listen to music that relaxes them for 20 minutes a day for 4 days. The mothers' state anxiety levels and milk quantities will be evaluated before starting the application and every day during the application. Mothers' anxiety levels will be evaluated with the "State Anxiety Inventory". Mothers' anxiety levels and milk quantities will be evaluated every day at 11.45 when they come to the NICU to express milk.
INTRODUCTION: Various immune cell types play critical roles in sepsis with numerous distinct subsets exhibiting unique phenotypes even within the same cell population. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables comprehensive transcriptome profiling and unbiased cell classification. In this study, we have unveiled the transcriptomic landscape of immune cells in sepsis through scRNA-seq analysis.
METHODS: We induced sepsis in mice by cecal ligation and puncture. 20 h after the surgery, the spleen and peritoneal lavage were collected. Single-cell suspensions were processed using a 10× Genomics pipeline and sequenced on an Illumina platform. Count matrices were generated using the Cell Ranger pipeline, which maps reads to the mouse reference transcriptome, GRCm38/mm10. Subsequent scRNA-seq analysis was performed using the R package Seurat.
RESULTS: After quality control, we subjected the entire data set to unsupervised classification. Four major clusters were identified as neutrophils, macrophages, B cells, and T cells according to their putative markers. Based on the differentially expressed genes, we identified activated pathways in sepsis for each cell type. In neutrophils, pathways related to inflammatory signaling, such as NF-κB and responses to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), cytokines, and hypoxia were activated. In macrophages, activated pathways were the ones related to cell aging, inflammatory signaling, and responses to PAMPs. In B cells, pathways related to endoplasmic reticulum stress were activated. In T cells, activated pathways were the ones related to inflammatory signaling, responses to PAMPs, and acute lung injury. Next, we further classified each cell type into subsets. Neutrophils consisted of four clusters. Some subsets were activated in inflammatory signaling or cell metabolism, whereas others possessed immunoregulatory or aging properties. Macrophages consisted of four clusters, namely, the ones with enhanced aging, lymphocyte activation, extracellular matrix organization, or cytokine activity. B cells consisted of four clusters, including the ones possessing the phenotype of cell maturation or aging. T cells consisted of six clusters, whose phenotypes include molecular translocation or cell activation.
CONCLUSIONS: Transcriptomic analysis by scRNA-seq has unveiled a comprehensive spectrum of immune cell responses and distinct subsets in the context of sepsis. These findings are poised to enhance our understanding of sepsis pathophysiology, offering avenues for targeting novel molecules, cells, and pathways to combat infectious diseases.
BACKGROUND: Although erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) have been the standard treatment for renal anemia, ESA hyporesponsiveness remains a concern. Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) are a new class of agents indicated for renal anemia. Several lines of evidence indicate that HIF-PHIs affect erythrocyte indices; nonetheless, their clinical significance remains unclear.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data from 233 non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease patients who initiated either ESA (darbepoetin) or HIF-PHI for the treatment of anemia. We analyzed the changes in hemoglobin levels three months after the initiation of anti-anemic treatments, examining their association with changes in erythrocyte indices.
RESULTS: Both ESA and HIF-PHIs significantly increased hemoglobin levels after three months of treatment. In the HIF-PHI group, the increase in hemoglobin levels was positively correlated with the increase in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) levels, a finding that was not observed in the ESA group. In a subgroup analysis based on the mean reference range value for MCV (90.9 fL), a significant difference in the proportion of patients with improved anemia was observed between ESA and HIF-PHIs in patients with lower MCV values. Logistic regression and interaction analyses confirmed that there was a significant interaction between baseline MCV values and the effectiveness of anti-anemic drugs, independently of other covariates.
CONCLUSIONS: An increase in hemoglobin levels is associated with an increase in MCV in patients treated with HIF-PHIs. The anti-anemic effects of ESA and HIF-PHIs may be influenced by baseline MCV values. However, long-term consequences need further evaluation.
Morus alba known as a white mulberry is a medicinal plant that has been used in food ingredients and traditional medicine. M. alba leaves contain various bioactive phenolic compounds, in particular chlorogenic acid (CGA), which is a major bioactive ingredient. Their anticancer potency of M. alba leaf extracts derived from Soxhlet extraction was evaluated based on cytotoxicity and antimigratory and antiinvasive properties. The dichloromethane extract exhibited the highest nitric oxide radical scavenging activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 780 μg/mL, promising cytotoxicity against HuCCA-1, MCF-7, and A-549 cells with IC50 values of 59.18, 62.20, and 103.25 μg/mL, respectively. CGA selectively inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells with an IC50 value of 26.75 μg/mL and showed potent radical scavenging activity against DPPH radicals (IC50 = 18.85 μg/mL). An ethanolic extract derived from the gradient Soxhlet extraction suppressed A549 lung cancer cell migration and invasion more effectively than CGA with no migratory inhibition effect on noncancerous HaCaT cells. Furthermore, the ethanolic extract and CGA accelerated HaCaT wound closure at 20 µg/mL, which was the same as allantoin. Bioactive ingredients including triterpenes, steroids, phenolics, and flavonoids were mainly detected in all extracts. The highest content of CGA (52.23 g/100 g dry weight) was found in the ethanolic extract derived from the gradient Soxhlet extraction. These findings show the potency of the dichloromethane extract as a cytotoxic agent against various cancer types and the ethanolic extract as an antimetastatic agent by their antimigratory and antiinvasive activities.
Betapace/Betapace AF can cause serious and potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmias such as sustained VT/VF, primarily Torsade de Pointes (TdP) type ventricular tachycardia, a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia associated with QT interval prolongation. Factors such as reduced creatinine clearance, female sex, higher doses, reduced heart rate, and history of sustained VT/VF or heart failure increase the risk of TdP. The risk of TdP can be reduced by adjustment of the sotalol dose according to creatinine clearance and by monitoring the ECG for excessive increases in the QT interval [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)].

Correct hypokalemia or hypomagnesemia prior to initiating Betapace/Betapace AF, as these conditions can exaggerate the degree of QT prolongation, and increase the potential for Torsade de Pointes. Special attention should be given to electrolyte and acid-base balance in patients experiencing severe or prolonged diarrhea or patients receiving concomitant diuretic drugs. 

Proarrhythmic events must be anticipated not only on initiating therapy, but with every upward dose adjustment [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)]. 

Avoid use with other drugs known to cause QT prolongation [see Drug Interactions (7.1)].
The Methionine restriction (MR) diet has been shown to delay aging and extend lifespan in various model organisms. However, the long-term effects of MR diet on the gut microbiome composition remain unclear. To study this, male mice were started on MR and control diet regimens at 6 months and continued until 22 months of age. MR mice have reduced body weight, fat mass percentage, and bone mineral density while having increased lean mass percentage. MR mice also have increased insulin sensitivity along with increasing indirect calorimetry markers such as energy expenditure, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, and glucose oxidation. Fecal samples were collected at 1 week, 18 weeks, and 57 weeks after the diet onset for 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to study the gut microbiome composition. Alpha and beta diversity metrics detected changes occurring due to the timepoint variable, but no changes were detected due to the diet variable. The results from LEfSe analysis surprisingly showed that more bacterial taxa changes were linked to age rather than diet. Interestingly, we found that the long-term MR diet feeding induced smaller changes compared to short-term feeding. Specific taxa changes due to the diet were observed at the 1 or 18-week time points, including Ileibacterium, Odoribacter, Lachnoclostridium, Marinifilaceae, and Lactobacillaceae. Furthermore, there were consistent aging-associated changes across both groups, with an increase in Ileibacterium and Erysipelotrichaceae with age, while Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, Ruminococcaceae, Peptococcaceae, and Peptococcus decreased with age.
FIELD: medicine, endocrinology, biochemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods of purification of insulin isolated from animal raw or prepared by biotechnology approach (for example, human genetic engineering insulin). Insulin to be purified is subjected for gel-chromatography using 0.7-1.2 M acetic acid on column filled with hydrophilic gel obtained by polycondensation of polyglucin with epichlorohydrin and equilibrated with 0.7-1.2 M acetic acid solution. Insulin loading on column is 4-7 g/l of equilibrated gel at insulin concentration in applied solution 5-15%. Insulin is eluted from column at 8-15 C at the flow rate 2.0-5.0 ml/cm 2 /h and the end product is isolated by zinc precipitation and subjected for citrate crystallization. The yield of insulin is 75-85%, content of insulin monofraction is 98.0-98.5%, content of proinsulin is less 2 p.p.m., content of bacterial peptides (in human genetic engineering insulin) - is less 1 p.p.m. (i. e. less 0.0001%), amount of deamidoinsulin and nonidentified impurities (by methods of RIA and HPLC) - 1%, not above, in all cases. EFFECT: improved method of purification, increased yield, high purity of insulin. 5 cl, 3 ex
A drinking straw having a coating on its interior surface is disclosed. The drinking straw has a coating on its interior surface. The coating comprises an active ingredient, a film forming agent, a non-ionic surfactant, and optionally a diluent.  The active ingredient may be a cannabinoid. A method of manufacturing a straw having a coating on its interior surface is also disclosed. The method comprises combining the active ingredient with a carrier, and blending to form a mixture;  adding a non-ionic surfactant and a plasticizer to the mixture; agitating the mixture to form a homogeneous first dispersion; adding a film forming agent to the first dispersion and mixing until homogeneous; applying the dispersion to the interior surface of the straw; agitating the straw to cover at least part of the interior surface with the first dispersion; and drying the first dispersion inside the straw to form the coating.
Abdominal surgery patients at risk include those who are over 40 years of age, obese, undergoing surgery under general anesthesia lasting longer than 30 minutes, or who have additional risk factors such as malignancy or a history of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.

FRAGMIN administered once daily subcutaneously beginning prior to surgery and continued for 5 days to 10 days after surgery, reduced the risk of DVT in patients at risk for thromboembolic complications in two double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trials performed in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. In the first study, a total of 204 patients were enrolled and treated; 102 received FRAGMIN and 102 received placebo. The mean age of the study population was 64 years (range 40 years to 98 years) and the majority of patients were female (54.9%). In the second study, a total of 391 patients were enrolled and treated; 195 received FRAGMIN and 196 received heparin. The mean age of the study population was 59 years (range 30 years to 88 years) and the majority of patients were female (51.9%). FRAGMIN 2,500 units were superior to placebo and similar to heparin in reducing the risk of DVT (see Tables 15 and 16).

In a third double-blind, randomized study performed in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery with malignancy, FRAGMIN 5,000 units subcutaneous once daily was compared with FRAGMIN 2,500 units subcutaneous once daily. Treatment was continued for 6 days to 8 days. A total of 1,375 patients were enrolled and treated; 679 received FRAGMIN 5,000 units and 696 received 2,500 units. The mean age of the combined groups was 71 years (range 40 years to 95 years). The majority of patients were female (51.0%). FRAGMIN 5,000 units once daily was more effective than FRAGMIN 2,500 units once daily in reducing the risk of DVT in patients undergoing abdominal surgery with malignancy (see Table 17).
BACKGROUND: Two major studies, The International Subarachnoid Aneurysm Trial and the Barrow Ruptured Aneurysm Trial, compare the long-term outcomes of clipping and coiling. Although these demonstrated coiling's initial benefits, rebleeding and retreatment rates as well as converging patient outcomes sparked controversy regarding its durability. This article will critically examine the available evidence for and against clipping and coiling of intracranial aneurysms. Critics of endovascular treatment state that the initial benefit seen with endovascular coiling decreases over the duration of follow-up and eventually functional outcomes of both treatment modalities are similar. Combined with the increased rate of retreatment and rebleeding, these trials reveal that coiling is not as durable and not as effective as a long-term treatment compared to clipping. Also, due to the cost of devices following endovascular treatment and prolonged hospitalization following clipping, the financial burden has been considered controversial.
SUMMARY/KEY MESSAGES: Short-term outcomes reveal better morbidity and mortality outcomes following coiling. Despite the higher rates of retreatment and rebleeding with coiling, there was no significant change in functional outcomes following retreatment. Furthermore, examining more recent trials reveals a decreased rate of recurrence and rebleeding with improved technology and expertise. Functional outcomes deteriorate for both cohorts over time while recent results revealed improved long-term cognitive outcomes and levels of health-related quality of life after coiling in comparison to clipping. The expense of longer hospital stays following clipping must be balanced against the expense of endovascular devices in coiling.
PURPOSE:To produce an odorless cosmetic having improved color, high oxidation stability, excellent emulsifiability, etc., by hydrogenating a vegetable lecithin obtained from the seeds such as soybean, rapeseed, sunflower, safflower, etc., using the hydrogenated lecithin as a component. CONSTITUTION:A vegetable lecithin, especially the vegetable lecithin composed of phospholipid and obtained from one or more kinds of vegetable seeds selected from soybean, rapeseed, sunflower, safflower, cottonseed, corn, linseed, sesame, olive, rice, tung, grape, avocado, and palm, or a concentrated phospholipid component such as phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, etc. is hydrogenated (preferably to a hydrogenation degree of 20-100%), and the product is used as a component of the objective cosmetic. EFFECT:The characteristic properties of lecithin, e.g. emollient property, moistening property, etc. can be kept unchanged.
The invention relates to a rana spinosa antioxidation peptide Atonp and a gene and application thereof, belonging to the field of biomedicine. The antioxidant peptide Atonp is a polypeptide coded by a plateau species rana ventralis skin defense peptide gene specific to China amphibian, the molecular weight is 3127.58 daltons, the isoelectric point is 9.45, and the amino acid sequence is shown as SEQ ID NO. 1. The gene (GenBank Accession No. OR797629) for encoding the precursor of rana ventricosa Atonp2 consists of 666 nucleotide sequences, the nucleotide sequence of which is shown as SEQ ID NO. 2, wherein the 367-450 nucleotides are the encoding gene of mature rana ventricosa antioxidant peptide Atonp2. The application of the rana spinosa antioxidant peptide Atonp2 in preparing medicine for preventing and treating skin photodamage. The invention has the beneficial effects that: provides a novel polypeptide Atonp with antioxidant activity and strong skin photodamage prevention and treatment effect.
The identification of drug-induced cardiotoxicity remains a pressing challenge with far-reaching clinical and economic ramifications, often leading to patient harm and resource-intensive drug recalls. Current methodologies, including in vivo and in vitro models, have severe limitations in accurate identification of cardiotoxic substances. Pioneering a paradigm shift from these conventional techniques, our study presents two deep learning-based frameworks, STFT-CNN and SST-CNN, to assess cardiotoxicity with markedly improved accuracy and reliability. Leveraging the power of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) as a more human-relevant cell model, we record mechanical beating signals through impedance measurements. These temporal signals were converted into enriched two-dimensional representations through advanced transformation techniques, specifically short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and synchro-squeezing transform (SST). These transformed data are fed into the proposed frameworks for comprehensive analysis, including drug type classification, concentration classification, cardiotoxicity classification, and new drug identification. Compared to traditional models like recurrent neural network (RNN) and 1-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN), SST-CNN delivered an impressive test accuracy of 98.55% in drug type classification and 99% in distinguishing cardiotoxic and noncardiotoxic drugs. Its feasibility is further highlighted with a stellar 98.5% average accuracy for classification of various concentrations, and the superiority of our proposed frameworks underscores their promise in revolutionizing drug safety assessments. With a potential for scalability, they represent a major leap in drug safety assessments, offering a pathway to more robust, efficient, and human-relevant cardiotoxicity evaluations.