anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: The implementation of universal screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is challenged by several factors key amongst which is limited resources, hence the continued reliance on risk factor-based screening. Effective identification of high-risk women early in pregnancy may enable preventive intervention. This study aimed at developing a GDM prediction model based on maternal clinical risk factors that are easily assessable in the first trimester of pregnancy in a population of Nigerian women.
METHODS: This was a multi-hospital prospective observational cohort study of 253 consecutively selected pregnant women from which maternal clinical data was collected at 8-12 weeks gestational age. Diagnosis of GDM was made via a one-step 75-gram Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) at 24-28 weeks of gestation. A GDM prediction model and nomogram based on selected maternal clinical risk factors was developed using multiple logistic regression analysis, and its performance was assessed by Receiver Operator Curve (ROC) analysis. Data analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 and Python programming language (version 3.0).
RESULTS: Increasing maternal age, higher body mass index (BMI), a family history of diabetes mellitus in first-degree relative and previous history of foetal macrosomia were the major predictors of GDM. The model equation was: LogitP = 6.358 - 0.066 × Age - 0.075 × First trimester BMI - 1.879 × First-degree relative with diabetes mellitus - 0.522 × History of foetal macrosomia. It had an area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.814 (95% CI: 0.751-0.877; p-value < 0.001), and at a predicted probability threshold of 0.745, it had a sensitivity of 79.2% and specificity of 74.5%.
CONCLUSION: This first trimester prediction model reliably identifies women at high risk for GDM development in the first trimester, and the nomogram enhances its practical applicability, contributing to improved clinical outcomes in the study population.
BACKGROUND: Patients with atrial fibrillation have a high mortality rate that is only partially attributable to vascular outcomes. The competing risk of death may affect the expected anticoagulant benefit. We determined if competing risks materially affect the guideline-endorsed estimate of anticoagulant benefit.
METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of 12 randomized controlled trials that randomized patients with atrial fibrillation to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) or either placebo or antiplatelets. For each participant, we estimated the absolute risk reduction (ARR) of VKAs to prevent stroke or systemic embolism using 2 methods-first using a guideline-endorsed model (CHA2DS2-VASc) and then again using a competing risk model that uses the same inputs as CHA2DS2-VASc but accounts for the competing risk of death and allows for nonlinear growth in benefit. We compared the absolute and relative differences in estimated benefit and whether the differences varied by life expectancy.
RESULTS: A total of 7933 participants (median age, 73 years, 36% women) had a median life expectancy of 8 years (interquartile range, 6-12), determined by comorbidity-adjusted life tables and 43% were randomized to VKAs. The CHA2DS2-VASc model estimated a larger ARR than the competing risk model (median ARR at 3 years, 6.9% [interquartile range, 4.7%-10.0%] versus 5.2% [interquartile range, 3.5%-7.4%]; P<0.001). ARR differences varied by life expectancies: for those with life expectancies in the highest decile, 3-year ARR difference (CHA2DS2-VASc model - competing risk model 3-year risk) was -1.3% (95% CI, -1.3% to -1.2%); for those with life expectancies in the lowest decile, 3-year ARR difference was 4.7% (95% CI, 4.5%-5.0%).
CONCLUSIONS: VKA anticoagulants were exceptionally effective at reducing stroke risk. However, VKA benefits were misestimated with CHA2DS2-VASc, which does not account for the competing risk of death nor decelerating treatment benefit over time. Overestimation was most pronounced when life expectancy was low and when the benefit was estimated over a multiyear horizon.
Leukoaraiosis (LA) appears as white matter hyperintensities on T2-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging scans. Age and hypertension are considered the primary risk factors for LA, but its pathogenesis remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate the correlation between the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and LA. A total of 140 patients with LA and 136 neuroimaging alteration-free controls were recruited in a case-control study. ACE I/D polymorphism was determined using the polymerase chain reaction method. The allele and genotype distributions of the ACE I/D polymorphism were significantly different between subjects with and without LA. Significant difference was observed in the genotypic distribution between LA patients and controls for recessive and additive models. A statistically significant association remained apparent after adjusting for potential risk factors (D/D vs. I/D + I/I: adjusted OR 3.251, 95% CI 1.185-8.918; D/D vs. I/I: adjusted OR 3.277, 95% CI 1.187-9.047). Our results indicate that the D/D genotype and D allele are important risk factors for LA. Future studies with larger populations are needed to validate our results.
The present invention relates to a pungent health-care tea containing hot pepper leaf and a preparation method thereof. The pungent health-care tea is mainly prepared from pure natural hot pepper leaf and tippy tea leaf as main materials and dried ginger, Chinese date, fennel fruit, tangerine peel, hawthorn fruit, agastachis, perilla leaf, common floweringquince fruit, barbary wolfberry fruit, coix seed, etc. as auxiliary materials through collection, purchasing, cleaning, drying, pulverization, sieving, mixing, sterilization and packaging. The pungent health-care tea is derived from the nature and contains various amino acids, vitamins and trace elements beneficial for human bodies. The pungent health-care tea has the advantages of no toxic or side effect, easy preservation and convenient drinking. The pungent health-care tea not only has the effects for benefiting vital energy, promoting fluid production and quenching thirst, but also has the effects for preventing diseases and strengthening bodies; thus, the pungent health-care tea is a good drink for people living in humid areas for a long term and for preventing cold in winter.
Tiopronin delayed-release tablets are indicated in pediatric patients 9 years of age and older with severe homozygous cystinuria, in combination with high fluid intake, alkali, and diet modification, for the prevention of cystine stone formation who are not responsive to these measures alone. This indication is based on safety and efficacy data from a trial in patients 9 years to 68 years of age and clinical experience. Proteinuria, including nephrotic syndrome, has been reported in pediatric patients. Pediatric patients receiving greater than 50 mg/kg tiopronin per day may be at greater risk [see Dosage and Administration (2.1, 2.3), Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

Tiopronin delayed-release tablets are not approved for use in pediatric patients weighing less than 20 kg or in pediatric patients unable to swallow tablets [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)].

Additional pediatric use information is approved for Mission Pharmacal Company’s Thiola EC (tiopronin delayed-release) tablets. However, due to Mission Pharmacal Company’s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that information.
BACKGROUND: Postoperative paraplegia is the major concern with the frozen elephant trunk (FET) procedure in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). It is crucial to identify patients with a high risk of paraplegia before implementing the FET procedure.
METHODS: From January 2013 to December 2018, 544 patients with ATAAD who underwent FET procedures were included in this study. The segment number of posterior false lumens (PFLs) between T9 and L2 levels was calculated. In-hospital outcomes and long-term survival were investigated on the basis of the number of PFLs.
RESULTS: The average age was 46.5 ± 9.9 years, and the proportion of female patients was 19.5% in this cohort. The incidence of postoperative paraplegia was significantly increased when PFL was present in 3 or more segments. Patients were divided into a high-PFL group (3-6 segments; n = 124) and a low-PFL group (0-2 segments; n = 420). The demographic characteristics were similar between the 2 groups. Involvement of the celiac trunk and the superior mesenteric artery was significantly lower in the high-PFL group (all P < .05). The other baseline characteristics and procedural information were statistically balanced. The incidence of postoperative paraplegia was significantly higher in the high-PHL group (7.3% vs 1.9;P = .006). Multivariable logistic analysis revealed that high PFL was independently associated with postoperative paraplegia after an FET procedure (odds ratio, 3.812; 95% CI, 1.378-10.550; P = .010). Additionally, the moderate nasopharyngeal temperature of hypothermic circulatory arrest (≧23.0 °C) was clarified as a protective factor for paraplegia (odds ratio, 0.112; 95% CI, 0.023-0.535; P = .006).
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with ATAAD who present with high PFL between T9 and L2 levels have a significantly high risk of postoperative paraplegia if they undergo an FET procedure.
Patients randomized to the control arm will receive sterile normal saline in an amount that would equal the total diluted dose of study drug (ie. if initial loading dose equals a total of 24 cc \[methylprednisolone + diluting fluid\], then the patient will receive 24 cc of sterile normal saline). Tapering doses will be equivalent to that of the study arm, so that investigators will remain blinded to therapy. The unblinded party will be composed of the research ARDS pharmacist. Five days after the patient is able to ingest medications, placebo is administered per os (PO) in one single daily equivalent dose. The placebo will be manipulated by the pharmacist as to resemble identical to the active drug.
The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) is rapidly increasing worldwide. This is a common and devastating disorder, especially in critical illnesses, affecting 5-8% of all hospitalized patients and up to 30% of those in intensive care units, with high mortality. About 50-80% critical patients with AKI needed dialysis treatment. Intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) might be the most-commonly modalities applied in AKI patients requiring dialysis. However, no data of randomized study concerning renal recovery and treatment efficiency of AKI patients treated with APD is available in Chinese adult patients. This study is a 2-armed randomized controlled non-blind non-inferior trial to explore the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of APD in AKI patients as compared with intermittent hemodialysis. Base on the sample size estimation, 100 subjects (n=50 in each arm) should be enrolled in this study. The primary outcome is the rate of renal recovery (independence of dialysis) in the first 21days after initiation of renal replacement.
The invention relates to mono- and bivalent (diabody) single-chain Fv-type (scFv) antibody fragments which are obtained using recombinant DNA techniques from the carcinoembryonic anti-antigen (CEA) monoclonal antibody (McA) CB/ior-CEA.1. The aforementioned McA has a high affinity for the CEA and is used in the diagnosis and monitoring of colorectal tumours in humans. As with the original McA, diabody and monovalent scFv fragments exhibit high affinities for the human CEA and recognise an epitope that is dependent on carbohydrate conservation. The diabody and monovalent scFv fragments have affinity constants for the CEA of (5.0 ?? 0.4) x 109 L mol-1 and (2.8 ?? 0.3) x 1010 L mol-1 respectively. The two aforementioned fragments do not display cross-reactivity with normal human tissues and cells, except for the normal colonic mucosa where the CEA is occasionally present. Said fragments can be produced through expression in recombinant micro-organisms from the cloning of nucleic acid sequences that code for variable regions obtained from the hybridoma that is produced by the CB/ior-CEA.1 McA. As with the original McA, the diabody and the monovalent scFv have a capacity for thein vivo identification in rats of human CEA-producing cells which grow forming tumours. The monovalent scFv and diabody do not posses Fc domains and the molecular sizes of said monovalent scFv and diabody are 5 and 2.5 times, respectively, less than the rat McA. As a result, the aforementioned monovalent scFv and diabody can better penetrate tissues in vivo and are less immunogenic in humans.
Compositions of matter comprising gly-cosphingolipids useful for suppressing an im-mune response having formula (I) wherein x is (a) or (b) or H; wherein Y is (c) or H;  wherein m is 10 to 20; and wherein n is 1 to 14. Also presented are methods for suppress-ing an immune response in an animal employ-ing glycosphingolipids as shown above.    Syn-thetic gangliosides having artificial hydropho-bic anchors, useful for suppressing an immune response having formula (II) wherein A is a carbohydrate moiety of a ganglioside, n is 5 to 20 and m is 5 to 20. Also presented are methods for suppressing an immune response in an animal and compositions of matter em-ploying synthetic gangliosides having artifi-cial hydrophobic anchors, as shown above.  Simplified carbohydrate moiety-gangliosides, useful for suppressing an immune response according to formula (III) wherein B is a ce-ramide moiety of a ganglioside. Also pre-sented are methods for suppressing an im-mune response in an animal and compositions of matter employing simplified carbohydrate moiety-ganglioside as shown above.
This arm will receive the game intervention, which will include provision of a mobile smartphone device, cellular data service, the game application loaded onto the device, credit to load approximately 40-50 songs onto the device, headphones, and an armband for wearing the device. Participants will also receive weekly counseling calls.
Participants will receive 3-month access to the WW digital program and the PolyRules! app.
As the principal cation of the intracellular fluid, potassium plays an important role in fluid and electrolyte balance. The normal potassium concentration in the intracellular fluid compartment is about 160 mEq/liter. The normal serum potassium range is 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/liter. The kidney normally regulates potassium balance but does not conserve potassium as well or as promptly as it conserves sodium. The daily turnover of potassium in the normal adult averages 50 to 150 mEq (milliequivalents) and represents 1.5 to 5% of the total potassium content of the body.

Acetate (CH3COO−), a source of hydrogen ion acceptors, is an alternate source of bicarbonate (HCO3−) by metabolic conversion in the liver. This has been shown to proceed readily, even in the presence of severe liver disease.
Disclosed herein are methods of enhancing repair of vascular lesions involving the administration of cells in which TGF-.beta. expression and/or activity has been transiently blocked. Other methods involve the administration of a TGF-.beta. blocking agent to a subject who has a vascular lesion or is at risk of developing a vascular lesion. Alternatively, a TGF-.beta. blocking agent and treated cells are co-administered to a subject in need thereof.
BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a common cardiovascular disease in clinic. Currently, there is no specific treatment for AMI. Carbon dots (CDs) have been reported to show excellent biological activities, which hold promise for the development of novel nanomedicines for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
METHODS: In this study, we firstly prepared CDs from the natural herb Curcumae Radix Carbonisata (CRC-CDs) by a green, simple calcination method. The aim of this study is to investigate the cardioprotective effect and mechanism of CRC-CDs on isoproterenol (ISO) -induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats.
RESULTS: The results showed that pretreatment with CRC-CDs significantly reduced serum levels of cardiac enzymes (CK-MB, LDH, AST) and lipids (TC, TG, LDL) and reduced st-segment elevation and myocardial infarct size on the ECG in AMI rats. Importantly, cardiac ejection fraction (EF) and shortening fraction (FS) were markedly elevated, as was ATPase activity. In addition, CRC-CDs could significantly increase the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and reduce the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in myocardial tissue, thereby exerting cardioprotective effect by enhancing the antioxidant capacity of myocardial tissue. Moreover, the TUNEL staining image showed that positive apoptotic cells were markedly declined after CRC-CDs treatment, which indicate that CRC-CDs could inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Importantly, The protective effect of CRC-CDs on H2O2 -pretreated H9c2 cells was also verified in vitro.
CONCLUSION: Taken together, CRC-CDs has the potential for clinical application as an anti-myocardial ischemia drug candidate, which not only provides evidence for further broadening the biological application of cardiovascular diseases, but also offers potential hope for the application of nanomedicine to treat intractable diseases.
Patients with endometrial cancer (stage IB-IIIC1) with histological and molecular features that require adjuvant external beam radiotherapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy and/or brachytherapy. Adjuvant radiotherapy will be performed with stereotactic body radiotherapy schedule of 30 Gy in 5 sessions.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The persistent progression of pneumonia is a critical determinant of adverse outcomes in patients afflicted with COVID-19. This study aimed to predict personalized COVID-19 pneumonia progression between the duration of two weeks and 1 month after admission by integrating radiological and clinical features.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis, approved by the Institutional Review Board, encompassed patients diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia between December 2022 and February 2023. The cohort was divided into training and validation groups in a 7:3 ratio. A trained multi-task U-Net network was deployed to segment COVID-19 pneumonia and lung regions in CT images, from which quantitative features were extracted. The eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm was employed to construct a radiological model. A clinical model was constructed by LASSO method and stepwise regression analysis, followed by the subsequent construction of the combined model. Model performance was assessed using ROC and decision curve analysis (DCA), while Shapley's Additive interpretation (SHAP) illustrated the importance of CT features.
RESULTS: A total of 214 patients were recruited in our study. Four clinical characteristics and four CT features were identified as pivotal components for constructing the clinical and radiological models. The final four clinical characteristics were incorporated as well as the RS_radiological model to construct the combined prediction model. SHAP analysis revealed that CT score difference exerted the most significant influence on the predictive performance of the radiological model. The training group's radiological, clinical, and combined models exhibited AUC values of 0.89, 0.72, and 0.92, respectively. Correspondingly, in the validation group, these values were observed to be 0.75, 0.72, and 0.81. The DCA curve showed that the combined model exhibited greater clinical utility than the clinical or radiological models.
CONCLUSION: Our novel combined model, fusing quantitative CT features with clinical characteristics, demonstrated effective prediction of COVID-19 pneumonia progression from 2 weeks to 1 month after admission. This comprehensive model can potentially serve as a valuable tool for clinicians to develop personalized treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes.
Patients receive a higher dose (5 mg) of olanzapine PO nightly for 12 weeks in the absence of unacceptable toxicity. Patients may choose to enroll in an additional 12 weeks of treatment. Patients undergo an optional baseline CT scan and collections of monthly blood samples on study.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between myopia and longitudinal changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness in type 2 diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR).
METHODS: A total of 1069 participants with a median follow-up time of 1.9 years were included in this study. The participants were categorized into four groups based on the presence of myopia (≤ -0.5 diopter [D]) and diabetes without DR, including a control group (n = 412), diabetes group (n = 416), myopia group (n = 115), and diabetes + myopia group (n = 126). Peripapillary average and sectoral RNFL measurements were obtained using 6 × 6 mm swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) scans centered at the optic disc. The change rate of pRNFL, adjusted for age and sex, was calculated and compared among the four groups to investigate the impact of myopia and diabetes.
RESULTS: The baseline estimated pRNFL thickness after adjustment for covariates was 113.7 μm, 116.2 μm, 108.0 μm, and 105.6 μm in the control, diabetes, myopia, and diabetes + myopia group, respectively (diabetes > control > myopia = diabetes + myopia, p < 0.001). The respective average pRNFL loss in the four groups was -0.48 μm/year, -1.11 μm/year, -1.23 μm/year, and -2.62 μm/year (all p < 0.01). The diabetes + myopia group exhibited a greater rate of average pRNFL reduction compared to the other groups (all p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis using a linear mixed-effects model showed that age, diabetes, axial length (AL), and baseline pRNFL thickness were significantly associated with the rate of average pRNFL reduction.
CONCLUSIONS: The diabetes group showed a faster rate of average pRNFL thickness reduction compared to healthy controls, regardless of the presence of myopia. The average pRNFL thickness decreased more rapidly when diabetes and myopia were present simultaneously than in the individual diabetes or myopia group. Both diabetes and myopia were associated with accelerated pRNFL loss.
Fulvestrant: 500 mg administered by intramuscular injection on days 1 and 15 of cycle 1, day 1 of cycle 2 and each subsequent cycle; cycle duration is 28 days Eligible participants on Arm A were allowed to crossover to Arm B upon disease progression. Treatment continued for Arm A participants until 2nd disease progression.
Physicians who elect to administer ragweed pollen extract should be familiar with the clinical use of allergenic extracts and have the necessary emergency equipment and medication available to treat systemic allergic reactions.   
  
The injection of ragweed pollen extract may cause severe local and/ or systemic anaphylactic reactions in some individuals. To minimize this potential hazard, the relative sensitivity of the patient must be assessed from the allergic history and from clinical observations. Patients should be informed of this risk prior to skin testing and immunotherapy (see adverse reactions).   
The dosage must be reduced when starting a patient on fresh standardized (Antigen E) extract or when transferring a patient from non-standardized to standardized extract, even though the labeled strength of the old and new vials may be the same. This is necessary due to a loss of extract potency during storage in the physician's office. The antigen E content of old and new extract must be compared and adjusted by dosage reduction and/or dilution before new extract is administered. The amount of new extract given from the old vial, assuming both extracts contain comparable amounts of antigen E. Any evidence of a local or generalized reaction requires a reduction in dosage during the initial stages of hyposensitization as well as during maintenance therapy.