anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: This study explores vision care priorities and coping mechanisms for Israeli evacuees and following the October 7th, 2023, attack by Hamas, which displaced 150,000 individuals, with about 15,000 being evacuated to the Dead Sea area. Faced with minimal health care infrastructure in the Dead Sea area and often lacking personal belongings, including eyeglasses and ocular medicine, these evacuees confronted significant vision care challenges. This context sets the stage for investigating the emergency vision care needs and solutions for populations affected by conflict and displacement.
METHODS: In response to this crisis, a consortium led by Hadassah Academic College's Department of Optometry and the Dept. of Ophthalmology at Hadassah Medical Center established ophthalmic clinics in the Dead Sea region. These clinics offered comprehensive vision care services, including refractive and vision examinations, ophthalmological assessments, ocular imaging, and provision of free glasses. The setup included multiple stations for different vision tests, staffed by an interdisciplinary team of professionals. The study analyzes the effectiveness of these clinics, patient flow challenges, and the psychological impact of vision care in a crisis setting.
RESULTS: Approximately 800 evacuees received examinations, with around 700 pairs of glasses distributed. Notable cases included emergency referrals for serious conditions and instances where glasses served as psychological support. The operation highlighted the necessity of vision care during crises and its potential psychological and social implications. The clinics successfully provided immediate vision care, but challenges in patient flow and insufficient electronic medical record integration were noted. The experience underscores the importance of prepared eye care interventions in crises. Recommendations for health policy decision-makers include establishing a national emergency vision care network, developing standardized treatment protocols, training local health workers, and raising public awareness about eye health in emergencies.
CONCLUSIONS: The consortium's effort in providing urgent vision care to evacuees from the Hamas attack on Israel demonstrates the critical role of rapid, organized eye care in crisis situations. Vision care, along with hearing and mobility, is often overlooked during evacuations but is vital for the well-being and survival of evacuees, especially under trying circumstances. This project serves as a model for future humanitarian interventions, emphasizing the importance of addressing overlooked healthcare issues once the immediate crisis has passed, and the need for strategic planning in health care policy for similar emergency scenarios.
BACKGROUND Chronic diseases affect both the mental and physical health of patients. An acute infection can further deteriorate it. The multi-organ damage and acute respiratory distress caused by coronavirus leads to worsening of the previously stable state of chronic diseases. MATERIAL AND METHODS The aim of our study was to compare the quality of life during pre-acute-post-COVID-19 infection status of chronic heart failure (CHF) patients based on responses on the EuroQoL-visual analogue scales (EQ VAS). Patients suffering from CHF and a COVID-19 infection were included in our study. EuroQoL questionnaires responses were recorded at 3 time-points (Q1 before COVID-19 infection, Q2 during an acute episode of COVID-19, and Q3 at 6 months after COVID infection). The statistical analysis was carried out both in a cross-sectional view for each time-point and longitudinally. The non-parametric Mann-Whitney test for independent series was applied in the case of subgroup comparison, and the Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used in the longitudinal study. RESULTS Based on the responses given by the patients, there was decline in QoL noted in all patients, mainly in females, included in our study during the acute phase of the infection, as compared to their pre-COVID-19 admission for a follow-up for their heart disease (Q1: 78.89 vs Q2: 66.11 in males and Q1: 71.54 vs Q2: 49.6 in females, p=0.015 for Q2). Improvement was noted in the evaluation done after 6 months to the acute episode, although the values failed to attain to that of the initial pre-COVID-19 analysis, with Q3: 71.92 in males and 70.56 in females. CONCLUSIONS Understanding these implications can guide healthcare interventions for better management and support, particularly in the context of pre-existing chronic conditions exacerbated by acute infections like COVID-19. The results may prompt further research into the long-term effects of COVID-19 on individuals with chronic diseases, guiding future studies to explore specific interventions or preventive measures. QoL during the acute phase of COVID-19 infection is affected on a larger extent as compared to previous analysis in chronic heart failure patients. Larger studies with a longer time span can indicate the time duration required for CHF patients to attain the pre-COVID-19 QoL status. Developing methods to increase the accuracy of QoL evaluation can further reduce the bias witnessed, especially in previously unhealthy subjects. The study's findings could inform healthcare providers about the heightened risk and specific challenges faced by chronic heart failure patients during and after a COVID-19 infection. Policymakers can use these findings to develop targeted public health policies aimed at protecting and supporting individuals with chronic conditions during and after infectious outbreaks, ensuring comprehensive healthcare strategies.
BACKGROUND: Despite the widespread use of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) as a treatment for kidney stones, it is essential to apply methods to control pain and improve patient comfort during this procedure. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of acupressure at the Qiu point on pain intensity and physiological indices in patients undergoing ESWL.
METHODS: This randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial was conducted at the Shahid Beheshti Educational-medical Center in Hamadan City (western Iran) from May to August 2023. Seventy-four eligible patients were split into intervention (n = 37) and sham (n = 37) groups. Ten minutes before lithotripsy, the intervention group received acupressure at the Qiu point, while the sham group received touch at a neutral point. The primary outcomes were pain intensity measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and physiological indices such as blood pressure and heart rate at baseline, 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 min after the intervention. The secondary outcomes included lithotripsy success and satisfaction with acupressure application.
RESULTS: The analysis of 70 patients showed no significant differences in the demographic and clinical information of the patients across the two groups before the study (P > 0.05). Generalized estimating equations revealed that the interaction effects of time and group in pain and heart rate were significant at 30 and 40 min (P < 0.05). The results of this analysis for systolic blood pressure revealed a significant interaction at 30 min (P = 0.035). However, no significant interaction effects were found for diastolic blood pressure changes (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Acupressure at the Qiu point positively impacts pain in patients undergoing ESWL treatment and increases their satisfaction. However, these results for physiological indices require further studies. Thus, acupressure can be considered a simple, easy, and effective option for pain management in patients during this procedure.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: [ https://en.irct.ir/trial/69117 ], identifier [IRCT20190524043687N4].
Hearing impairment is one of the most common health issues among adults in Western countries. Socioeconomic status and level of family support are known to influence help-seeking among older hearing-impaired individuals. Although hearing loss can have significant adverse effects on an individual's quality of life, these effects have been found to be reversible through the use of hearing aids. Even short-time use has been found to improve the emotional and social experience of hearing impaired subjects. Unfortunately, of the approximately 200 000 people who have been provided with hearing aids in Norway, it is estimated that as many as 20-40% seldom or never use them. Lack of follow-up support and low motivation may explain why hearing impaired people do not use their hearing aids, but few research studies have addressed these issues.

The aim of this study is to evaluate two approaches for increasing hearing aid use, to obtain objective estimates of actual hearing aid use, to identify factors barriers to regular use and to study hearing aid use related to age and gender. The study will examine the extent to which follow-up appointments motivate use of hearing aids among people with hearing loss. A randomized controlled design will determine whether hearing aid users who are informed in advance of a follow-up appointment have a different pattern of hearing aid use than a control group that is not preinformed of the follow-up appointment. For decades, the use of hearing aids has been estimated using questionnaires. In the present study, hearing aid use will be objectively measured in hours pr.day using the hearing aid's datalogging. In addition, the study will develop, implement and evaluate a specialized counseling program for hearing aid users. Difficulties with and barriers to hearing aid use will be documented and analyzed.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating autoimmune disease that impacts millions of patients worldwide, disproportionately impacting women (4:1), and often presenting at highly productive stages of life. This disease affects the spinal cord and brain and is characterized by severe neuroinflammation, demyelination, and subsequent neuronal damage, resulting in symptoms like loss of mobility. While untargeted and pan-immunosuppressive therapies have proven to be disease-modifying and manage (or prolong the time between) symptoms in many patients, a significant fraction are unable to achieve remission. Recent work has suggested that targeted neuroinflammation mitigation through selective inflammasome inhibition can offer relief to patients while preserving key components of immune function. Here, we show a screening of potential therapeutic targets using inflammasome-inhibiting Nanoligomers (NF-κB1, TNFR1, TNF-α, IL-6) that meet or far-exceed commercially available small-molecule counterparts like ruxolitinib, MCC950, and deucravacitinib. Using the human brain organoid model, top Nanoligomer combinations (NF-κB1 + TNFR1: NI111, and NF-κB1 + NLRP3: NI112) were shown to significantly reduce neuroinflammation without any observable negative impact on organoid function. Further testing of these top Nanoligomer combinations in an aggressive experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model for MS using intraperitoneal (IP) injections showed that NF-κB1 and NLRP3 targeting Nanoligomer combination NI112 rescues mice without observable loss of mobility or disability, minimal inflammation in brain and spinal cord histology, and minimal to no immune cell infiltration of the spinal cord and no demyelination, similar to or at par with mice that received no EAE injections (negative control). Mice receiving NI111 (NF-κB1 + TNFR1) also showed reduced neuroinflammation compared to saline (sham)-treated EAE mice and at par/similar to other inflammasome-inhibiting small molecule treatments, although it was significantly higher than NI112 leading to subsequent worsening clinical outcomes. Furthermore, treatment with an oral formulation of NI112 at lower doses showed a significant reduction in EAE severity, albeit with higher variance owing to administration and formulation/fill-and-finish variability. Overall, these results point to the potential of further development and testing of these inflammasome-targeting Nanoliogmers as an effective neuroinflammation treatment for multiple neurodegenerative diseases and potentially benefit several patients suffering from such debilitating autoimmune diseases like MS.
As a main cause of serious cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis is characterized by deposited lipid and cholesterol crystals (CCs), which is considered as a great challenge to the current treatments. In this study, a dual-track reverse cholesterol transport strategy is used to overcome the cumulative CCs in the atherosclerotic lesions via a targeting nanoplatform named as LPLCH. Endowed with the active targeting ability to the plaques, the nanoparticles can be efficiently internalized and achieve a pH-triggered charge conversion for the escape from lysosomes. During this procedure, the liver X receptor (LXR) agonists loaded in nanoparticles are replaced by the deposited lysosomal CCs, leading to a LXR mediated up-regulation of ATP-binding cassette transporte ABCA1/G1 with the local CCs carrying at the same time. Thus, the cumulative CCs are removed in a dual-track way of ABCA1/G1 mediated efflux and nanoparticle-based carrying. The in vivo investigations indicate that LPLCH exhibits a favorable inhibition on the plaque progression and a further reversal of formed lesions when under a healthy diet. And the RNA-sequencing suggests that the cholesterol transport also synergistically activates the anti-inflammation effect. The dual-track reverse cholesterol transport strategy performed by LPLCH delivers an exciting candidate for the effective inhibition and degradation of atherosclerosis.
PURPOSE:To obtain a new compound having excellent antihistaminic action and antileukotriene action and useful for the prevention and treatment of various allergic diseases. CONSTITUTION:The compound of formula I, e.g. 7-[3-(4 diphenylmethylenepiperidin-1-yl)propylox y]-2-(5-tetrazolyl)-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran. The compound of formula I can be produced by reacting a compound of formula II with an azide compound and a weak acid (e.g. pyridinium chloride) under anhydrous condition in a solvent such as DMF under heating. The compound is useful for the prevention and treatment of asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic dermatitis, urticaria, etc. The compound has balanced antihistaminic action and antileukotriene action, high safety and little side effect such as central nervous system depressant action.
FIELD: organic chemistry, medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to derivatives of phthalazine of the general formula (I)   or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts or hydrates wherein R 1  and R 2  are similar or differ from one another and each represents halogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl group that can be substituted with halogen atom, hydroxyl group or (C 1 -C 4 )-alkoxy-group that can be substituted with halogen atom, or cyano-group; X represents cyano-group, halogen atom, hydroxyimino-group optionally O-substituted with (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl group or heteroaryl group taken among thiazolyl, thienyl, pyrazolyl, triazolylyl and tetrazolyl groups that can be substituted with (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl group; Y represents cyclic amino-groups i) - v) characterized in cl. 1 of the invention claim; vi) ethynyl or ethyl group substituted with (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl group that, in turn, is substituted with series of substituents indicated in cl. 1 of invention claim; vii) optionally substituted phenyl group; viii) pyridyl or thiazolyl group. These compounds inhibit activity of cyclic phosphodiesterase type V and can be used as agents used in erectile dysfunction. Invention relates also to prophylactic and therapeutic agent used in erectile dysfunction that comprises above indicated compounds of invention as an active component. The object of invention is a therapeutic agent used in erectile dysfunction that comprises compound of the formula (VII)   as an active component, its pharmacologically acceptable salt or hydrate wherein 1' represents a whole number from 1 to 3; R 6  means halogen atom, (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl group that can be substituted with halogen atom, or cyano-group; X 1  represents cyano-group or halogen atom; Y 1  represents groups i) - v) characterized in cl. 20 of the invention claim. Also, invention proposes method for preparing separate representatives of compounds of the general formula (I), pharmaceutical composition used for treatment of erectile dysfunction and method for treatment of erectile dysfunction, method for preparing compounds of the formula (VII), method for preparing intermediate compounds and method for preparing compounds of the formula (I). EFFECT: improved preparing method, valuable medicinal properties of compounds. 27 cl, 2 tbl, 168 ex
Infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (CLN1 Batten Disease) is a devastating pediatric lysosomal storage disease caused by pathogenic variants in the CLN1 gene, which encodes the depalmitoylation enzyme, palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1). CLN1 patients present with visual deterioration, psychomotor dysfunction, and recurrent seizures until neurodegeneration results in death, typically before fifteen years of age. Histopathological features of CLN1 include aggregation of lysosomal autofluorescent storage material (AFSM), as well as profound gliosis. The current management of CLN1 is relegated to palliative care. Here, we examine the therapeutic potential of a small molecule PPT1 mimetic, N-tert-butyl hydroxylamine (NtBuHA), in a Cln1-/- mouse model. Treatment with NtBuHA reduced AFSM accumulation both in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, NtBuHA treatment in Cln1-/- mice reduced neuroinflammation, mitigated epileptic episodes, and normalized motor function. Live cell imaging of Cln1-/- primary cortical neurons treated with NtBuHA partially rescued aberrant synaptic calcium dynamics, suggesting a potential mechanism contributing to the therapeutic effects of NtBuHA in vivo. Taken together, our findings provide supporting evidence for NtBuHA as a potential treatment for CLN1 Batten Disease.
BACKGROUND: Relationships and sexuality education (RSE) programmes are widely taught in schools, however for children and young people with intellectual disabilities, these programmes appear to be limited regarding information on relationships, informed choices and decision making. The purpose of this study was to seek the views and understanding of children and young people with intellectual disabilities, and those involved in their care and education, to identify best practice and approaches to the delivery on relationships and sexuality education.
METHODS: This study used a qualitative design with 37 pupils from five special schools from across the United Kingdom (UK) participating. In-depth semi-structured interviews were held online, or in person. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were anonymised, assigned a pseudonym and subjected to inductive thematic analysis.
FINDINGS: Four themes emerged from the data: (i) enthusiasm and inquisitiveness to acquire knowledge; (ii) dynamics of positive friendships; (iii) experiences and understanding of supportive relationships and sexuality; and (iv) valuing the exchange of knowledge and information. The findings highlight that children and young people with intellectual disabilities want education, support and information on matters relating to their relationships and sexuality.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest study to date providing a voice to children and young people with intellectual disabilities regarding their relationships and sexuality. While special schools provide relationships and sexuality education, there is a requirement for a programme and resources specific to the needs of pupils with intellectual disabilities to be developed and evaluated. Such education should continue beyond school and be embedded in adult services.
While numerous studies have underscored the implication of immune cells and metabolites in temporomandibular disorders (TMD), conclusive evidence for causality remains elusive. Consequently, our aim is to explore the causal connections between immunophenotypes and plasma metabolites in relation to TMD employing a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Summary statistics data on 731 immunophenotypes (n = 3757) and 1091 plasma metabolites (n = 8299) were obtained from comprehensive genome-wide association studies (GWAS), while TMD data (5668 cases and 205,355 controls) were acquired from the FinnGen Consortium. Bidirectional MR analyses and a two-step MR approach assessed causal relationships and potential intermediaries. Various corrections and sensitivity analyses were utilized to assess the robustness of the findings. Two immunophenotypes and seven metabolites were significantly associated with TMD risk. Specifically, Alpha-hydroxyisovalerate mediated the link between CD33 on CD33dim HLA DR + CD11b + and TMD (β = 0.034, P = 5.95 × 10-5), while CD8 on NKT cells mediated the causal relationship between 5-acetylamino-6-formylamino-3-methyluracil levels and TMD (β = 0.069, P = 5.11 × 10-5). Our findings revealed the causal relationships between immunophenotypes and plasma metabolites on TMD from a genetic perspective, potentially aiding in TMD prevention.
Obesity is a global health concern implicated in numerous chronic degenerative diseases, including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and neurodegenerative disorders. It is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation, gut microbiota dysbiosis, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and lipid metabolism disturbances. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of environmental enrichment (EE) to prevent the progression of gut dysbiosis in mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic syndrome. C57BL/6 male mice with obesity and metabolic syndrome, continuously fed with an HFD, were exposed to EE. We analyzed the gut microbiota of the mice by sequencing the 16s rRNA gene at different intervals, including on day 0 and 12 and 24 weeks after EE exposure. Fasting glucose levels, glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, food intake, weight gain, lipid profile, hepatic steatosis, and inflammatory mediators were evaluated in serum, adipose tissue, and the colon. We demonstrate that EE intervention prevents the progression of HFD-induced dysbiosis, reducing taxa associated with metabolic syndrome (Tepidimicrobium, Acidaminobacteraceae, and Fusibacter) while promoting those linked to healthy physiology (Syntrophococcus sucrumutans, Dehalobacterium, Prevotella, and Butyricimonas). Furthermore, EE enhances intestinal barrier integrity, increases mucin-producing goblet cell population, and upregulates Muc2 expression in the colon. These alterations correlate with reduced systemic lipopolysaccharide levels and attenuated colon inflammation, resulting in normalized glucose metabolism, diminished adipose tissue inflammation, reduced liver steatosis, improved lipid profiles, and a significant reduction in body weight gain despite mice's continued HFD consumption. Our findings highlight EE as a promising anti-inflammatory strategy for managing obesity-related metabolic dysregulation and suggest its potential in developing probiotics targeting EE-modulated microbial taxa.
Twenty patients with acute myocarditis will be recruited if the diagnosis has been made by a cardiologist based on clinical, biochemical, electrographic and imaging data. This reflects the diagnostic criteria set out by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Task force 2013.
Adults With Impaired Renal Function:The half-life and total body clearance of acyclovir are dependent on renal function. A dosage adjustment is recommended for patients with reduced renal function (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).   
Geriatrics: Acyclovir plasma concentrations are higher in geriatric patients compared with younger adults, in part due to age-related changes in renal function. Dosage reduction may be required in geriatric patients with underlying renal impairment (see PRECAUTIONS: Geriatric Use).   
Pediatrics: In general, the pharmacokinetics of acyclovir in pediatric patients is similar to that of adults. Mean half-life after oral doses of 300 mg/m 2 and 600 mg/m 2 in pediatric patients aged 7 months to 7 years was 2.6 hours (range 1.59 to 3.74 hours).