anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Despite having a high risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections, people who inject drugs (PWID) often do not receive recommended HPV screenings due to barriers to healthcare. Guideline-based cervical HPV screening and vaccination can prevent cervical cancer. Low-cost, low-barrier methods for cancer screening and prevention are important for vulnerable communities such as PWID.
METHODS: We examined acceptability of HPV self-sampling at a syringe services program (SSP). Participants with a cervix (n = 49) participated in patient education followed by a survey to assess willingness to perform HPV self-sampling versus standard of care.
RESULTS: 59% found self-sampling to be acceptable, citing privacy, ease, and quickness. Among those opting for HPV screening delivered by a provider (n = 16), participants cited concerns about adequate sampling (81%) and test accuracy (75%). Notably, only 18% of participants reported complete HPV vaccination.
CONCLUSION: Cervical HPV self-sampling was acceptable to PWID. SSP-based efforts to provide preventative health services could place tools for cancer screening into the hands of PWID, a need-to-reach community.
All the patients discharged from the cardiological ward between September 2017 and February 2018 with a primary diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction has been enrolled in the control arm. These patients have been discharged with the current standard therapy and without any adherence plan performed by the community pharmacists. The investigators will collect the data from the administrative pharmaceutical databases throughout 12 months from the hospital discharge.
Felbatol® (felbamate) has been studied as monotherapy and adjunctive therapy in adults and as adjunctive therapy in children with seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. As Felbatol® is added to or substituted for existing AEDs, it is strongly recommended to reduce the dosage of those AEDs in the range of 20-33% to minimize side effects (see Drug Interactions subsection).

Dosage Adjustment in the Renally Impaired: Felbamate should be used with caution in patients with renal dysfunction. In the renally impaired, starting and maintenance doses should be reduced by one-half (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY / Pharmacokinetics and PRECAUTIONS ). Adjunctive therapy with medications which affect felbamate plasma concentrations, especially AEDs, may warrant further reductions in felbamate daily doses in patients with renal dysfunction.

Adults (14 years of age and over)   
The majority of patients received 3600 mg/day in clinical trials evaluating its use as both monotherapy and adjunctive therapy.

Monotherapy: (Initial therapy) Felbatol® (felbamate) has not been systematically evaluated as initial monotherapy. Initiate Felbatol® at 1200 mg/day in divided doses three or four times daily. The prescriber is advised to titrate previously untreated patients under close clinical supervision, increasing the dosage in 600-mg increments every 2 weeks to 2400 mg/day based on clinical response and thereafter to 3600 mg/day if clinically indicated.

Conversion to Monotherapy: Initiate Felbatol® at 1200 mg/day in divided doses three or four times daily. Reduce the dosage of concomitant AEDs by one-third at initiation of Felbatol® therapy. At week 2, increase the Felbatol® dosage to 2400 mg/day while reducing the dosage of other AEDs up to an additional one-third of their original dosage. At week 3, increase the Felbatol® dosage up to 3600 mg/day and continue to reduce the dosage of other AEDs as clinically indicated.

Adjunctive Therapy: Felbatol® should be added at 1200 mg/day in divided doses three or four times daily while reducing present AEDs by 20% in order to control plasma concentrations of concurrent phenytoin, valproic acid, phenobarbital, and carbamazepine and its metabolites. Further reductions of the concomitant AEDs dosage may be necessary to minimize side effects due to drug interactions. Increase the dosage of Felbatol® by 1200 mg/day increments at weekly intervals to 3600 mg/day. Most side effects seen during Felbatol® adjunctive therapy resolve as the dosage of concomitant AEDs is decreased.

Children with Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (Ages 2-14 years)   
Adjunctive Therapy: Felbatol® should be added at 15 mg/kg/day in divided doses three or four times daily while reducing present AEDs by 20% in order to control plasma levels of concurrent phenytoin, valproic acid, phenobarbital, and carbamazepine and its metabolites. Further reductions of the concomitant AEDs dosage may be necessary to minimize side effects due to drug interactions. Increase the dosage of Felbatol® by 15 mg/kg/day increments at weekly intervals to 45 mg/kg/day. Most side effects seen during Felbatol® adjunctive therapy resolve as the dosage of concomitant AEDs is decreased.
In this group, we aim to combine the optimized item sets in item sets 1-6. We recruit 1000 new patients from the five sites in Stockholm with psychiatric issues for the psychometric validation of the combined item set. We estimate a 50% participation rate, with the potential to modify that number based on the response rate of the previous recruitment.
BACKGROUND: Injections around the Achilles tendon (AT) are commonly performed in clinical practice to manage non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy, but the presence/distribution of the injectate with relation to its sheath has not been assessed specifically. Accordingly, the aim of this cadaveric investigation was to demonstrate the feasibility of Achilles paratenon injection under ultrasound guidance - by confirming the exact needle positioning as well as the dye distribution inside the paratenon lumen.
METHODS: A descriptive laboratory study with three human cadaveric specimens (one fresh cadaver and two cadavers embalmed using the Fix for Life (F4L) method) was performed in a tertiary-care academic institution. The interventional technique and the related anatomical findings were illustrated. During the injection, the needle was advanced inside the Achilles paratenon under ultrasound guidance i.e. in-plane medial-to-lateral approach. With the objective to confirm its correct placement, the needle was kept in situ on the right AT of the fresh cadaver. Likewise, to demonstrate the location of the dye inside the lumen of Achilles paratenon, the other five ATs - four on the embalmed cadavers and one on the fresh cadaver - were injected with 5 mL of green color dye. After removal of the needle, a layer-by-layer anatomical dissection was performed on all three cadavers.
RESULTS: On the right AT of the fresh cadaver, the position of the needle's tip within the Achilles paratenon was confirmed. Accurate placement of the dye inside the paratenon lumen was confirmed in four (80%) ATs, one of the fresh and three of the embalmed cadavers. No spread inside the crural fascia compartment or between the AT and the Kager's fat pad was observed. Herewith, unintentional spilling of the dye within the superficial soft tissues of the posterior leg was reported in the left AT of one of the two embalmed cadavers (20%).
CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound-guided injection using the in-plane, medial-to-lateral approach can accurately target the lumen of Achilles paratenon.
The existing remedies for Meniere's disease suffer from problems such as requiring a large dose, requiring a long time before the expression of the drug effect, being unsuitable for long-term administration and so on. By clarifying the reasons for these problems, a remedy, which can safely, surely and quickly express the drug effect, has been developed. The effects of sugars or sugar alcohols serving as the principal agent on internal ears are monitored in both of the operated side and the normal side. Thus, the characteristics of the individual sugar alcohols can be understood. As a result, it is confirmed that a rise in the osmotic pressure of plasma and an increase in plasma AVP can be prevented and the effect of reducing endolymphatic hydrops can be safely expressed without fail by reducing the dose of the principal agent that has been considered as impossible so far, thereby avoiding side effects associated with the mass administration. Moreover, topical and systemic side effects can be successfully avoided by combining two or more kinds of sugar alcohols and taking advantages of the characteristics of the individual sugar alcohols. An antidiarrheal effect is achieved by adding polysaccharides in the required minimum amount and additives not directly relating to the treatment are eliminated as far as possible. Thus, the sure expression of the effect of the principal agent can be successfully established even by using the principal agent only in a small amount.
Participants will be male or female healthy adult volunteers with no significant medical or medication history. Participants will receive 3 doses of omadacycline once daily, followed by sampling of interstitial tissue fluid at the margin of the wound by a microdialysis probe over 24 hours following the last dose (e.g., 48-72 hours).
Helicobacter pylori infection has been shown to be associated with the development of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer diseases. Eradication of H. pylori infection reduces the risk of gastric cancer and recurrence of peptic ulcer disease. However, the eradication rate of clarithromycin-based triple therapy has been declining in recent years, probably related to the increasing resistant rate to clarithromycin. Sequential therapy for 10 days has been shown to be more effective than triple therapy for 7 and 10 days. The investigators further demonstrated that sequential therapy given for 14 days was superior to triple therapy given for 14 days. Recently, the investigators also found that bismuth quadruple therapy given for 10 days appeared to be more effective than triple therapy given for 14 days in the first line therapy. However, whether sequential therapy given for 14 days is more effective than bismuth quadruple therapy or triple therapy for 14 days remains unknown.
This invention is a bubble drop, intended to be used as an eye drop, and method of making same. The bubble drop comprises a cluster of contiguous bubbles, wherein numerous constituent bubbles (2) are volumetrically similar. The cluster is formed of one thin continuous liquid wall (6), and each of the constituent bubbles enclosing therein, a gas (10). A method of making the bubble drop comprises, a device (1) having means to concurrently inject both air (10), and a selected liquid (11) into a substantially enclosed space having an outlet (4). This concurrent injection occurs at a respective predetermined volumetric input rate, and input velocity, conducive to the formation of bubbles. A stream of continuous bubbles is produced inducing an accumulation attached to the outlet. Upon obtaining a particular total mass, the accumulation will fall from the device having the form of the cluster of bubbles. This bubble drop falls upon the eye whereas the bubbles burst upon contact with the eye, and a substantial quantity of the liquid remains on the eye.
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition for skin moisturization containing Trichosanthes kirilowii Maximowicz root extract and Prunus armeniaca var. ansu Maxim seed extract is provided to treat dried skin without side effects. CONSTITUTION: A cosmetic composition for skin moisturization contains 10-70 weight parts of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maximowicz root extract or 10-60 weight parts of Prunus armeniaca var. ansu Maxim seed extract or their mixture as active ingredient. The cosmetic composition further contains 10-60 weight parts of Jujube extract. The extract is obtained using low alcohol of 1-4 carbon atoms, ethyleneglycol, or butyleneglycol. The cosmetic composition for skin moisturization is used in the form of cream, essence, pack, nutrition cream, massage cream, cleansing cream, cleansing foam, soap, sun-screen cream, sun oil, foundation, shampoo, rinse, hair treatment, color rinse, hair tonic or scalp treatment.
Aortic valve stenosis is the most common type of heart valve disease in the United States and Europe and calcific aortic stenosis (AS) affects 2-7% of people aged 65 years and older. Aortic valve replacement (AVR) is the only effective treatment for individuals with this condition. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) has been widely accepted as a minimally invasive therapeutic approach for addressing symptomatic AS in patients who are considered to have a high risk for traditional surgical intervention. TAVR procedure may have a paradoxical effect on the immune system and inflammatory status. A major portion of these immune responses is regulated by activating or inhibiting inflammatory monocytes and the complement system with subsequent changes in inflammatory cytokines. TAVR has the potential to induce various concurrent exposures, including disruption of the native valve, hemodynamic changes, antigenicity of the bioprosthesis, and vascular damage, which finally lead to the development of inflammation. On the other hand, it is important to acknowledge that TAVR may also have anti-inflammatory effects by helping in the resolution of stenosis.The inflammation and immune response following TAVR are complex processes that significantly impact procedural outcomes and patient well-being. Understanding the underlying mechanisms, identifying biomarkers of inflammation, and exploring therapeutic interventions to modulate these responses are crucial for optimizing TAVR outcomes. Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise immunological dynamics and develop tailored strategies to attenuate inflammation and enhance post-TAVR healing while minimizing complications.
Patients receive placebo orally once daily for 3 years. Patients are followed every 3 months for 2 years, then every 6 months for 1 year, and then annually thereafter.
Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most frequent known viral cause of mental retardation, and is the leading non-genetic cause of sensorineural hearing loss in many countries including the United States. This is a Phase II international, multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of 6 weeks of oral valganciclovir treatment or 6 weeks of placebo for fifty-four male and female infants/toddlers 1 month through 3 years of age (up to 4 years of age) with virologically-confirmed congenital CMV infection and hearing loss. Patient who are between 1 month and 4 years of age and who have SNHL (Sensorineural Hearing Loss) and are eligible for enrollment. The expected study duration is 3.5 years from enrollment of first study subject. The primary objective is to assess whether a six week course of oral valganciclovir can stabilize the hearing of children with congenital CMV infection who present with hearing loss. The secondary objective is to define the following responses as a function of systemic exposure to ganciclovir (active metabolite of valganciclovir): CMV viral load in blood; CMV viral load in urine; and CMV viral load in saliva. Also, to define the safety and tolerability of valganciclovir in enrolled subjects. The tertiary objective is to define the pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir (metabolite) following administration of valganciclovir (prodrug) in enrolled subjects.
The present invention provides an antibody polypeptide having binding specificity for human kallikrein-2 (hK 2), wherein the antibody polypeptide comprises (a) a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NO. 1 and SEQ ID NO. 2 and SEQ ID NO. 3 and/or (b) a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NO. 4 and SEQ ID NO. 5 and SEQ ID NO. 6, and wherein the heavy chain variable region and the light chain variable region comprise framework amino acid sequences from one or more human antibodies. The invention further provides the use of the antibody polypeptide in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
FIELD: medicinal industry. SUBSTANCE: bone crumbs (size is 700-2000 mcm) are hydrolyzed in 0.4 N solution of sodium hydroxide for 24-48 h, neutralized to pH 6.8-7.8 and supernatant is removed by centrifugation at 3000-5000 rev/min for 20-40 min. Ethanol is added to supernatant in the ratio 1: 2 and trichloroacetic acid to final concentration 5% followed by dialysis against saturated sodium chloride and water in sequence. Sulfated glycoseaminoglycans are precipitated with ethanol in the presence of 1% sodium acetate, dried under vacuum and lyophilized. Invention can be used for producing sulfated glycoseaminoglycans from osseous tissue. EFFECT: increased yield of end product as dry lyophilized powder.
Urinary tract infections represent a highly frequent and debilitating disease, responsible for an extensive use of antibiotics for treatment and prophylaxis. Non-antibiotic therapies, such as oral vaccines, have been developed, in order to avoid antibiotic use. MV-140 is a sublingual vaccine comprised of 4 inactivated bacteria - E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. faecalis and Proteus vulgaris. It is approved for the prevention of recurrent UTIs, with promising results in the few published results to date. The efficacy of this tool in the Portuguese population is, however, still unknown. Since the prevalence of pathogens responsible for infections and overall antibiotic use are highly variable worldwide, the results of studies conducted so far are not directly applicable in other regions. Therefore, we designed the present study which aims at assessing the efficacy of immunotherapy with MV-140 In the Portuguese population. It is a prospective observational study, in which patients will be asked to report their condition before and 1 year after therapy.
BACKGROUND: An imbalance of antiproliferative BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) signaling and proliferative TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β) signaling is implicated in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The posttranslational modification (eg, phosphorylation and ubiquitination) of TGF-β family receptors, including BMPR2 (bone morphogenetic protein type 2 receptor)/ALK2 (activin receptor-like kinase-2) and TGF-βR2/R1, and receptor-regulated Smads significantly affects their activity and thus regulates the target cell fate. BRCC3 modifies the activity and stability of its substrate proteins through K63-dependent deubiquitination. By modulating the posttranslational modifications of the BMP/TGF-β-PPARγ pathway, BRCC3 may play a role in pulmonary vascular remodeling, hence the pathogenesis of PAH.
METHODS: Bioinformatic analyses were used to explore the mechanism by which BRCC3 deubiquitinates ALK2. Cultured pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), mouse models, and specimens from patients with idiopathic PAH were used to investigate the rebalance between BMP and TGF-β signaling in regulating ALK2 phosphorylation and ubiquitination in the context of pulmonary hypertension.
RESULTS: BRCC3 was significantly downregulated in PASMCs from patients with PAH and animals with experimental pulmonary hypertension. BRCC3, by de-ubiquitinating ALK2 at Lys-472 and Lys-475, activated receptor-regulated Smad1/5/9, which resulted in transcriptional activation of BMP-regulated PPARγ, p53, and Id1. Overexpression of BRCC3 also attenuated TGF-β signaling by downregulating TGF-β expression and inhibiting phosphorylation of Smad3. Experiments in vitro indicated that overexpression of BRCC3 or the de-ubiquitin-mimetic ALK2-K472/475R attenuated PASMC proliferation and migration and enhanced PASMC apoptosis. In SM22α-BRCC3-Tg mice, pulmonary hypertension was ameliorated because of activation of the ALK2-Smad1/5-PPARγ axis in PASMCs. In contrast, Brcc3-/- mice showed increased susceptibility of experimental pulmonary hypertension because of inhibition of the ALK2-Smad1/5 signaling.
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest a pivotal role of BRCC3 in sustaining pulmonary vascular homeostasis by maintaining the integrity of the BMP signaling (ie, the ALK2-Smad1/5-PPARγ axis) while suppressing TGF-β signaling in PASMCs. Such rebalance of BMP/TGF-β pathways is translationally important for PAH alleviation.
Tumor cells must resist the host's immune system while maintaining growth under harsh conditions of acidity and hypoxia, which indicates that tumors are more robust than normal tissue. Immunotherapeutic agents have little effect on solid tumors, mostly because of the tumor density and the difficulty of penetrating deeply into the tissue to achieve the theoretical therapeutic effect. Various therapeutic strategies targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) have been developed. Immunometabolic disorders play a dominant role in treatment resistance at both the TME and host levels. Understanding immunometabolic factors and their treatment potential may be a way forward for tumor immunotherapy. Here, we summarize the metabolism of substances that affect tumor progression, the crosstalk between the TME and immunosuppression, and some potential tumor-site targets. We also summarize the progress and challenges of tumor immunotherapy.
Patients undergo usual care. Beginning 24 weeks, patients may undergo supervised exercise sessions comprising of AE and RE as in Group I.
HDLs carry sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and stimulate signaling pathways in different cells including macrophages and endothelial cells, involved in atherosclerotic plaque development. HDL signaling via S1P relies on the HDL receptor scavenger receptor class B, type I (SR-B1) and the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1), which interact when both are heterologously overexpressed in the HEK293 cell line. In this study, we set out to test if SR-B1 and S1PR1 interacted in primary murine macrophages in culture and atherosclerotic plaques. We used knock-in mice that endogenously expressed S1PR1 tagged with eGFP-(S1pr1eGFP/eGFP mice), combined with proximity ligation analysis to demonstrate that HDL stimulates the physical interaction between SR-B1 and S1PR1 in primary macrophages, that this is dependent on HDL-associated S1P and can be blocked by an inhibitor of SR-B1's lipid transfer activity or an antagonist of S1PR1. We also demonstrate that a synthetic S1PR1-selective agonist, SEW2871, stimulates the interaction between SR-B1 and S1PR1 and that this was also blocked by an inhibitor of SR-B1's lipid transport activity. Furthermore, we detected abundant SR-B1/S1PR1 complexes in atherosclerotic plaques of S1pr1eGFP/eGFP mice that also lacked apolipoprotein E. Treatment of mice with the S1PR1 antagonist, Ex26, for 12 h disrupted the SR-B1-S1PR1 interaction in atherosclerotic plaques. These findings demonstrate that SR-B1 and S1PR1 form ligand-dependent complexes both in cultured primary macrophages and within atherosclerotic plaques in mice and provide mechanistic insight into how SR-B1 and S1PR1 participate in mediating HDL signaling to activate atheroprotective responses in macrophages.