anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A medical consultation support system in which a client computer, such as a personal computer or a terminal of an existing medical support system, is employed to transfer a structured request for consultation from a primary care physician to a supervisory host computer. The structured request may be accompanied by additional information related to the request, such as existing data files containing patient history information, medical image data, laboratory results, pathologies, etc., forming a transmittable, machine-readable collection of information relating to the consultation request. At the supervisory computer, the request is displayed for preliminary review by a receiving staff physician who designates a specialist and retrieves and assembles selected tutorial and background information, including related published articles, tutorial background lessons, practice and protocol documentation, and records of prior consultations which are related to the current consultation request, all of which are stored in one or more databases of medical information accessible to the supervisory host computer. The supervisory computer then transmits the request for consultation, together with at least the identification of the assembled supporting documentation, to the selected specialist for review, and thereafter receives the responsive comment from the selected specialist. The supervisory computer further stores the request for consultation, including the specialist's responsive comment and an identification of the cited supporting material, as a structured case history item in the database of medical information where it may be accessed for future reference. Each consultation is further stored as a recorded learning event associated with the requesting primary care physician, and used to generate a report of continuing legal education credits earned by the requesting physician while participating in the managed consultation sessions.
The study will consist of three injection cycles. In each, an injection visit is followed by an observation period of 12 to 20 weeks.
Intensive goal training of relevant activities reported by adolescents in the beginning of the study. Therapists will grade the level of complexity of the proposed activities, considering the relevant movements, task demands and contextual factors involved in the performance of each task. Adolescents will be asked to practice these activities at home (1 hour/daily) and to discuss their difficulties and improvements with the therapists. The intervention will be provided in a day-camp model.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) associated pain commonly predicts adverse events among patients. This clinical feature indicates the engagement of nociceptors on sensory neurons during the development of malignancy. However, it is yet to be determined if targeting oncometabolite-associated nociception processes can hinder OSCC progression. In this study, we reported that nociceptive endings infiltrating both clinical samples and mouse tumor xenografts were associated with poorer clinical outcomes and drove tumor progression in vivo, as evidenced by clinical tissue microarray analysis and murine lingual denervation. We observed that the OSCC microenvironment was characteristic of excessive adenosine due to CD73 upregulation which negatively predicted clinical outcomes in the TCGA-HNSC patient cohort. Notably, such adenosine concentrative OSCC niche was associated with the stimulation of adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) on trigeminal ganglia. Antagonism of trigeminal A2AR with a selective A2AR inhibitor SCH58261 resulted in impeded OSCC growth in vivo. We showed that trigeminal A2AR overstimulation in OSCC xenograft did not entail any changes in the transcription level of CGRP in trigeminal ganglia but significantly triggered the release of CGRP, an effect counteracted by SCH58261. We further demonstrated the pro-tumor effect of CGRP by feeding mice with the clinically approved CGRP receptor antagonist rimegepant which inhibited the activation of ERK and YAP. Finally, we diminished the impact of CGRP on OSCC with istradefylline, a clinically available drug that targets neuronal A2AR. Therefore, we established trigeminal A2AR-mediated CGRP release as a promising druggable circuit in OSCC treatment.
The invention relates to a C-aryl glucoside derivative, as well as a medical composition, a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: method I, in a solvent, under the action of alkali, performing a deacetylation protecting group reaction on compounds 1-f; method II: 1, performing a Mitsunobu reaction on components 2-g and (as shown in the description); and 2, performing a deacetylation protecting group reaction on the compounds 2-f obtained in the step 1; and method III: 1, mixing compounds 3-g and (as shown in the description), and performing a nucleophilic substitution reaction; and 2, performing a deacetylation protecting group reaction on the compounds 3-f obtained in the step 1. The medical composition comprises the C-aryl glucoside derivative, salt and/or prodrug of the C-aryl glucoside derivative which are/is acceptable in pharmacy, and auxiliary materials. The invention further relates to the C- aryl glucoside derivative, and application of salt or medical compositions of the C- aryl glucoside derivative, which is acceptable in pharmacy, for preparing SGLT inhibitors. The C- aryl glucoside derivative disclosed by the invention provides a new direction for research of the SGLT inhibitors. (As shown in the description)
Quasi-experimental, controlled, non-randomised two-arm pilot, with an experimental group (table tennis exercise) and an active control group (cognitive training based on board games). Interventions in both groups will take place twice a week for 6 weeks (12 sessions in total). The main variables to be assessed will be motor and cognitive. As secondary variables, clinical and daily life aspects will be assessed. As results, it is expected that the experimental group will obtain improvements in motor variables compared to the control group after receiving the interventions. However, improvements in cognitive variables and secondary variables are expected to be similar in both groups.
MB-EAT may be helpful for reducing emotional eating, overeating and grazing, eating patterns that can lead to weight gain after bariatric surgery. Participants will receive MB-EAT 6 months or more following bariatric surgery. They will be randomly assigned to receive MB-EAT right away or 8 weeks later. Individuals in the group starting in 8 weeks will serve as a waitlist control group.The primary outcome measures will be changes in self-reported eating problems, depression, anxiety, and mindfulness. There will be a follow-up at 6 months and 12 months to establish stability of symptoms post-intervention. Participants will receive one introductory information session about the MB-EAT program, as well as 8 MB-EAT scheduled consecutively over eight weeks. Each session is approximately two hours in length. During MB-EAT, participants will practice mindfulness to help improve their decision making abilities about when and how much to eat. Through MB-EAT, participants will learn to address mindless or out-of-control eating, which can lead to weight gain. Homework will include daily meditations and mindful eating exercises.
Each participant will receive the new trial feed a nutritionally complete standard enteral tube feed for a period of 7 days. The new trial feed is a food for special medical purposes for use under medical supervision. The Health Care Professional/ dietitian will determine the feeding regimen on an individual basis and the enteral formula will be provided via a feeding tube.
The purpose of the study is to learn if a program for newborn mom's can improve detection of complications after delivery and help women get medical care quickly and easily. Participants will be asked to complete a survey at the time of enrollment and at 3 additional times. All surveys can be completed via cell-phone or email. All women will be followed for 1-year after delivery. Women that enroll will be assigned to one of two groups: usual in person care OR usual in-person care PLUS a text message-based program that will ask about sign and symptoms of complications that may occur after delivery. If there is a concern, a nurse advocate will call on the phone to discuss options and help refer to care if needed. Participants will be paid for their time in completing surveys.
The invention discloses compound hydrocortisone tinctures for treating rheumarthritis and a preparation method. The compound hydrocortisone tinctures for treating rheumarthritis comprises the following components: hydrocortisone, red dates, black beans, garden balsam stem, angelica sinensis, fresh ginger, cassia twig, asarum, radix aconite, radix aconitilateralis preparata, radix stephaniae tetrandrae, mulberry twig, coix seeds, rice bean seeds and alcohol. Synergistic effects of the various components of the compound hydrocortisone tinctures are good, and the rheumarthritis can be treated quickly and effectively and cannot relapse easily. The compound hydrocortisone tinctures are topically applied, and are applied to a wounded part to irritate nerve endings, topical blood circulation is promoted by reflecting and expanding blood vessels, nutrition of tissues surrounding the wounded part is improved, the compound hydrocortisone tinctures osmose in skin of the wounded part to subcutaneous tissues while the purposes of subsidence of a swelling, inflammation diminishment and postoperative analgesia are achieved, concentration of the compound hydrocortisone tinctures is high topically, and strong pharmacological effects are achieved. The components of the compound hydrocortisone tinctures are easy to take; and the compound hydrocortisone tinctures are easy to operate and low in cost, are safe, do not cause pain, and are easily received by people. Compared with injection and oral taking modes, the compound hydrocortisone tinctures which are used externally are convenient, do not cause pain, and are easily received by people.
Continuous sciatic nerve block catheters will be performed using an insulated needle connected to the negative lead of a constant current nerve stimulator. The catheter will be advanced under ultrasound guidance. A test dose of 1.5% lidocaine with epinephrine will be injected to confirm catheter placement. All subjects will receive a portable pump that will infuse 0.2% ropivacaine 5 ml/hr with a 5 ml bolus/hr. The subjects will follow standard protocol discharge instructions in regards to removing the catheter themselves.
Method and apparatus for predicting clinical trial eligibility for patients. Embodiments include determining a current value for each of a plurality of attributes of a first patient. Embodiments include identifying a cohort of patients that are clinically similar to the first patient, based on the plurality of attributes. Embodiments include analyzing data associated with the cohort of patients to determine an attribute trend for at least a first attribute the plurality of attributes. Embodiments include generating a predicted value for the first attribute, based on the current value of the first attribute and the attribute trend for the first attribute. Embodiments include identifying a plurality of clinical trials based on the first attribute. Embodiments include generating a probability that the first patient will be eligible for each of the plurality of clinical trials at a future time, based on the predicted value for the first attribute.
It is an object of the present invention to provide transport microcapsules which are taken up by a target cell type and which permanently or temporarily alter the target cell without thereby having a toxic effect on said cell. The solution according to the invention consists in using monodisperse cores to thus produce polyelectrolyte nanocapsules with cell-specific dimensions, wherein the dimensions for hematopoietic cells range from 20 to 80nm, preferably from 40 to 60 nm. The size of the particles must be within a very narrow range to prevent toxic effects. To maintain the low toxicity of nanocapsules, it is also important to remove the nanoparticles (core) around which the microcapsules are produced prior to use. Methods for this purpose are known in the art (e.g., removal using EDTA). Another object of the invention is the stabilization of transport microcapsules. The solution according to the invention consists in modifying the microcapsules, the layer and/or the cargo to be packaged by means of functional groups, allowing stabilization and thus long storage at room temperature. A third object of the invention is the targeted introduction of transport microcapsules. The solution according to the invention is to functionalize the layer by chemical modification and/or to supplement the layer with antibodies, proteins or peptides.
Provided herein are methods of using niflumic acid and derivatives thereof for treating a disease or condition associated with elevated serum uric levels in a subject. The methods include administering to the subject an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition as described herein. The disease or condition associated with elevated serum uric levels can include, for example, gout, hyperuricemia, or cardiovascular disease. Also provided herein are methods of reducing serum uric acid levels in a subject and methods for inhibiting xanthine oxidase activity in a cell. Novel pharmaceutical compositions are also provided herein. (I)
BACKGROUND: Local health protection systems play a crucial role in infectious disease prevention and control and were critical to COVID-19 pandemic responses. Despite this vital function, few studies have explored the lived experience of health protection responders managing COVID-19. We provide new insights by examining how COVID-19 shaped infectious disease prevention and control in local health protection systems in England.
METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty local health protection responders from three contrasting local authority areas, and Public Health England (PHE) health protection teams, in England between June 2021 - March 2022. Participants were from: PHE health protection teams (n=6); local authority public health teams (n=5); local authority Public Protection Services (n=7); and local authority commissioned Infection Prevention and Control Teams (n=2). Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.
RESULTS: First, participants acknowledged the pandemic caused an unprecedented workload and disruption to local health protection service delivery. There was not enough capacity within existing local health protection systems to manage the increased workload. PHE health protection teams therefore transferred some COVID-19 related health protection tasks to other staff, mainly those employed by local authorities. Second, health protection responders highlighted how COVID-19 drew attention to the weaknesses in local health protection systems already stressed by reduced funding in the years leading up to the pandemic. Injecting money into the COVID-19 response did not completely overcome former losses in specialist health protection workforce. Third, health protection responders described how pandemic management raised the profile of public health, especially infectious disease prevention and control. Managing COVID-19 strengthened collaborative working, resulting in enhanced capacity of local health protection systems at the time.
CONCLUSION: The COVID-19 pandemic challenged the public health preparedness of all countries. Health protection responders in this study also expressed many challenges. There was insufficient resilience in these local health protection systems and an inability to scale up the specialist health protection workforce, as required in a pandemic situation. The UK needs to learn from the pandemic experience by acknowledging and addressing the challenges faced by local health protection responders so that it can more effectively respond to future threats.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The relationship between gut microbiota and changes in body mass index (BMI) or pediatric overweight in early life remains unclear, and information regarding the preterm population is scarce. This study aimed to investigate how the gut microbiota at 3.5 years of age is associated with (1) later BMI at 5 years, and (2) BMI z-score variations between 2 and 5 years in children from two French nationwide birth cohorts.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to profile the gut microbiota at 3.5 years of age in preterm children (n = 143, EPIPAGE 2 cohort) and late preterm/full-term children (n = 369, ELFE cohort). The predicted abundances of metabolic functions were computed using PICRUSt2. Anthropometric measurements were collected at 2 and 5 years of age during medical examinations or retrieved from children's health records. Statistical analyses included multivariable linear and logistic regressions, random forest variable selection, and MiRKAT.
RESULTS: The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio at 3.5 years was positively associated with the BMI z-score at 5 years. Several genera were positively ([Eubacterium] hallii group, Fusicatenibacter, and [Eubacterium] ventriosum group) or negatively (Eggerthella, Colidextribacter, and Ruminococcaceae CAG-352) associated with the BMI z-scores at 5 years. Some genera were also associated with variations in the BMI z-scores between 2 and 5 years of age. Predicted metabolic functions, including steroid hormone biosynthesis, biotin metabolism, glycosaminoglycan degradation, and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, were associated with lower BMI z-scores at 5 years. The unsaturated fatty acids biosynthesis pathway was associated with higher BMI z-scores.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that the gut microbiota at 3.5 years is associated with later BMI during childhood, independent of preterm or term birth, suggesting that changes in the gut microbiota that may predispose to adult obesity begin in early childhood.
Chemotherapy, particularly with oxaliplatin, is a key treatment for advanced gastric cancer (GC), and exosomes derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) play a vital role in the tumor microenvironment. The study aims to elucidate the previously unexplored role of exosomes derived from hBM-MSCs in GC tumorigenesis, especially under the influence of chemotherapy. We conducted an experimental study, utilizing miRNA sequencing and biological experiments, to analyze the tumorigenicity of exosomal miR-424-3p secreted by hBM-MSCs and its target gene RHOXF2 in GC cell lines. The results were confirmed through experimentation using a xenograft mouse model. This study demonstrated the role of hBM-MSCs in the GC microenvironment, focusing on their epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) facilitation through exosomes, which led to enhanced tumorigenicity in GC cells. Intriguingly, this pro-tumor effect was abrogated when hBM-MSCs were treated with oxaliplatin. Exosomal miRNA sequencing revealed that oxaliplatin can upregulate the levels of miR-424-3p in exosomes secreted by hBM-MSCs, thereby inhibiting the EMT process in GC cells. Furthermore, miR-424-3p was identified to target and downregulate RHOXF2 expression, impeding the malignant behavior of GC cells both in vitro and in the mouse model. These findings uncover a potential hidden mechanism of oxaliplatin's anti-tumor action and propose the delivery of miR-424-3p via exosomes as a promising avenue for anti-tumor therapy.
BACKGROUND: The characteristics of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) complicated by alcohol use disorders (AUD) are not well understood. Investigating the clinical characteristics and prognosis of this subgroup (AUD-ICH) is necessary.
METHODS: This study involved young males with ICH who were admitted to our hospital between January 2013 and March 2022. Based on drinking patterns, the included cases were divided into three groups: AUD, occasional drinking, and non-drinking. We compared the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients in the three groups. The effect of AUD on hematoma expansion and long-term dysfunction was explored by developing regression models. The potential mediating role of hematoma density heterogeneity within the relationship between AUD and hematoma expansion was examined through mediation analysis.
RESULTS: This study included 222 cases of male patients with ICH, with a mean age of 54.16. AUD patients had a higher risk of hematoma expansion and dysfunction compared to occasional drinkers (odds ratio [OR] 2.966, p=0.028 for hematoma expansion; hazard ratio [HR] 2.620, p=0.006 for dysfunction) and non-drinkers (OR 3.505, p=0.011 for hematoma expansion; HR 2.795, P=0.003 for dysfunction). The mediation analysis showed that the indirect effect through hematoma density heterogeneity on the relationship between AUD and hematoma expansion was significant, with a mediated proportion of 19.3%.
CONCLUSIONS: AUD was an independent risk factor for hematoma expansion and long-term dysfunction in young male patients with ICH. Hematoma density heterogeneity partially mediated the relationship between AUD and hematoma expansion.
Intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) is one of the most common causes of stroke worldwide, and the currently recommended intensive pharmacologic and surgical treatments show only modest efficacy, with approximately 20% of strokes still recurring, for which there is no targeted treatment. Tocilizumab is a recombinant humanized anti-human interleukin-6 receptor monoclonal antibody that exerts anti-inflammatory effects by specifically binding to the IL-6 receptor and blocking IL-6 signal transduction. Previous studies have shown that tocilizumab can effectively attenuate acute ischemic injury in the early stage of myocardial infarction and has potentially anti-atherosclerotic effects. However, application in ICAS not yet reported. This study is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, which enrolled patients with symptomatic ICAS occurring within 72 hours of ischemic stroke or high-risk transient ischemic attack. Patients who consented to participate in the study were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive a single infusion of 320mg tocilizumab or placebo (saline injection), and patients were followed up to assess the safety and efficacy of tocilizumab injection in lowering the incidence of newly diagnosis ischemic stroke and improving prognosis.
Participants will receive structured, intensive lifestyle intervention through group and individual sessions. Main lifestyle components included: diet, physical exercise, mental stimulation, cardiovascular/metabolic risk monitoring, social interaction. The intervention will last for 6 months.
We are entering the post-antibiotic era. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical problem in chronic lung infections resulting in progressive respiratory failure and increased mortality. In the absence of emerging novel antibiotics to counter AMR infections, bacteriophages (phages), viruses that infect bacteria, have become a promising option for chronic respiratory infections. However, while personalized phage therapy is associated with improved outcomes in individual cases, clinical trials demonstrating treatment efficacy are lacking, limiting the therapeutic potential of this approach for respiratory infections. In this review, we address the current state of phage therapy for managing chronic respiratory diseases. We then discuss how phage therapy may address major microbiologic obstacles which hinder disease resolution of chronic lung infections with current antibiotic-based treatment practices. Finally, we highlight the challenges that must be addressed for successful phage therapy clinical trials. Through this discussion, we hope to expand on the potential of phages as an adjuvant therapy in chronic lung infections, as well as the microbiologic challenges that need to be addressed for phage therapy to expand beyond personalized salvage therapy.