anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Patients with head and neck cancer who are treated with chemoradiation and/or surgical resection may exhibit a variety of swallowing difficulties due to reduced range of motion (ROM) resulting from absence or alteration of the structures involved in deglutition. Chemoradiation protocols have been receiving increased attention in the treatment of head and neck cancer. The primary focus of these regimens is disease control and organ sparing. Preservation of oropharyngeal anatomy, however, has not equated with preservation of function. Due to the severity and frequency of swallowing problems in this population, it is critical that the effectiveness of dysphagia (i.e. swallowing disorder) rehabilitation protocols on preservation and/or restoration of function be determined. In the absence of potential remediation, patients may reject organ preservation treatment protocols because of negative functional side effects. There have been a number of therapeutic exercises designed to improve swallowing that have been shown to have a positive effect on head and neck cancer patients who are dysphagic as a result of treatment with surgery and/or chemoradiation. The short- and long-term effectiveness of these exercises has not been defined. The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of combined ROM and postural sensory therapy for swallowing dysfunction to postural sensory therapy alone. By maximizing the effectiveness of therapy, it is expected that improved swallowing function will translate into better quality of life through enjoyment of meals and improved nutrition and hydration so critical to the health and sense of well being of individuals recovering from head and neck cancer.

To be included, subjects must be between 21 and 80 years old and have undergone treatment for the head and neck cancer in the form of chemoradiation, and/or one of the following specific types of head and neck cancer surgery: supraglottic laryngectomy, anterior resection with primary or skin graft closure, anterior resection with distal or free flap closure, posterior resection with primary or skin graft closure, or posterior resection with distal or free flap. Potential subjects must have been diagnosed with Stage I-IV disease and also be available for twice-weekly swallowing therapy sessions. Furthermore, subjects must be available for 12 months while on study.

No subject will be included who has any history of other medical problems that may affect swallowing, speech, voice, neurological problems, gastroenterological problems, or other health problems as determined by the patient's physician and the investigators. Patients with prior treated cancer of the head and neck, or who received a total laryngectomy operation are also not eligible.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a poikilothermal lubricant which can impart cold feeling independently of heat of evaporation or endothermic reaction and warm feeling independently of skin irritation or exothermic reaction, has permanence, resistance to washing, and softness, and can impart lubricity on the skin.  <P>SOLUTION: The comfortable cold feeling rich in softness and in lubricity on the skin is obtained by incorporating at least either an oil-soluble vitamin or a vegetable oil, an alcohol, and a coating agent into a carrier. The comfortable warm feeling rich in softness and in lubricity on the skin are obtained by incorporating at least one water-insoluble substance and at least two coating agents into a carrier. In the case of an aqueous processing or when the addition to a water-containing substance is attempted, cold feeling or warm feeling can be imparted by using a dispersant. The heat resistance of a water-insoluble substance in an agent containing no dispersant can be improved by a coating agent, enabling the addition to a thermoplastic resin.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
The mechanism of action of citalopram hydrobromide as an antidepressant is presumed to be linked to potentiation of serotonergic activity in the central nervous system (CNS) resulting from its inhibition of CNS neuronal reuptake of serotonin (5-HT). In vitro and in vivo studies in animals suggest that citalopram is a highly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) with minimal effects on norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) neuronal reuptake. Tolerance to the inhibition of 5-HT uptake is not induced by long-term (14-day) treatment of rats with citalopram. Citalopram is a racemic mixture (50/50), and the inhibition of 5-HT reuptake by citalopram is primarily due to the (S)-enantiomer.

Citalopram has no or very low affinity for 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, dopamine D1 and D2, α1-, α2-, and β-adrenergic, histamine H1, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), muscarinic cholinergic, and benzodiazepine receptors. Antagonism of muscarinic, histaminergic, and adrenergic receptors has been hypothesized to be associated with various anticholinergic, sedative, and cardiovascular effects of other psychotropic drugs.
PURPOSE:To obtain a phospholipase A2 inhibitor and a cholesterol absorption inhibitor containing gamma-oryzanol or one of sterol esters of ferulic acid of an constitutional component of the gamma-oryzanol as an active component and having phospholipase A2 inhibiting activity. CONSTITUTION:This is a new phospholipase A2 inhibitor containing a gamma-oryzanol compound as an active component. Further, among gamma-oryzanol compounds, ferulic acid beta-sitosterol ester has excellent phospholipase A2 inhibiting activity and is useful as a new phospholipase A2 inhibitor. These compounds suppress the transfer of cholesterol emulsion to micelle in a small intestine by the phospholipase A2 inhibiting activity, and accordingly are capable of suppressing the absorption of cholesterol through an intestinal canal. The gamma-oryzanol compounds are obtained from rice bran, etc. As gamma-oryzanol, the following five kinds of compounds are known: campesterol of formula I, beta-sitosterol of formula II, cycloartanol of formula III, cycloartenol of formula IV and 24- methylenecycloartanol of formula V.
This is an investigator-blinded, bilateral comparison study in 30 subjects with atopic dermatitis. It is designed to assess and compare the efficacy of Elidel® (pimecrolimus) cream 1% and Hylatopic™ Plus Emollient Foam™ in subjects with atopic dermatitis. Subjects will apply Elidel® (pimecrolimus) cream 1% twice daily for four weeks on a chosen target eczematous area located on one side of the body and then apply Hylatopic™ Plus Emollient Foam™ three times daily on a symmetrical target eczematous area on the opposite side of the body. A randomized list will be created to determine which side the subject applies each medication.

Subjects will be consented prior to any study evaluations or procedures. After signing the consent and meeting all inclusion/exclusion criteria, qualified and enrolled subjects will apply study medication (Elidel® and Hylatopic™ Plus Emollient Foam™) to chosen affected areas for four weeks. Photography will be used to record the location of target lesions at the baseline, week two and week four/final visits. Subject's disease status will be assessed by two methods: 1) Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) and 2) Target Lesion Symptom Score (TLSS) (see sections V.B.2 and V.B.3). PGA as well as TLSS will be made at baseline (Day 0), week two (Day 14 +/- 2 days) and week 4/final visit (Day 28 +/- 2days) visits for each of the target lesions. Half scales (i.e. 0.5, 1.5) will not be used. The presence or absence of skin atrophy and telangiectasias will be noted at each study visit as well.

Additionally, subjects' self-assessments of their perception of degree of disease and itching severity control will be collected at each visit for each target lesion. This assessment will be made using a four point scale and Itch Severity Scale (visual analogue score) respectively (see section V.B.4). Lastly, subjects will take a Product Preference Survey at week 4/final visit (Day 28 +/- 2days). Parents (or guardians) will moderate Product Preference Surveys for subjects that are younger than 12 years of age.
A large number of clinical studies have investigated this off-label application of dexamethasone in recent years, with many reporting enhanced sensory block and/or improved postoperative analgesia following either intravenous (i.v.) or perineural dexamethasone. Dexamethasone is potent, selective glucocorticoid having minimal mineralocorticoid action. Systemic anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties may be responsible for the prolongation of analgesia when administered intravenously. Various studies proved the efficacy of steroids for the prolongation of the effects of regional nerve blocks. We decided to conduct the present study to evaluate the effects of intravenous (IV) dexamethasone on the subarachnoid block.
OBJECTIVE: To prove the effectiveness of the low-intensity laser radiation application in the treatment of wounds of different origin.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinical study involved 110 persons, divided into 55 subjects in both the study and control groups. The patients of the study group were exposed to the long-wave short-pulse neodymium laser immediately and within 35 days after interventions with a skin incision using it, in a way that wound treated with laser received low-level laser therapy. The control group patients' wounds were treated with standard methods by the means of topical drugs corresponding to the clinical manifestations of the wound process in each particular case. The study was carried out in the hospital of the department of maxillofacial and plastic surgery of the dental complex of the «Russian University of Medicine» from 2019 to 2022, and further conservative treatment was conducted in the department of dermatology and cosmetology of the University Hospital of the Medical Graduate School (Institute) of the RSSU. All wounds were classified into three groups for the convenience of systematization and formation of a generalized treatment protocol for postoperative surgical wounds.
RESULTS: The objectivity and optimality of the chosen by us actions were confirmed in the conducted work. The formed scars were visually assessed on the POSAS scale at the end of the treatment by patients and 4 independent doctors, as well as each scar was visually assessed by four independent doctors and patients. At the end of the study we formed and proposed an algorithm for the treatment of surgical wounds of various origins. The parameters of the Aerolase Neo Light Pod neodymium laser for the treatment of patients with different types of skin wounds were clinically determined. Experimentally proven properties of the Aerolase Neo Light Pod neodymium laser on accelerating the healing process of surgical wounds through photobiomodulation mechanism support their regeneration with the formation of negligible normotrophic scars, as well as reduce the length of patients' treatment in surgical hospitals, as compared to patients receiving standard external drugs.
INTRODUCTION: Post-operative delirium (POD) is a common complication in older patients, with an incidence of 14-56%. To implement preventative procedures, it is necessary to identify patients at risk for POD. In the present study, we aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) model for POD prediction in older patients, in close cooperation with the PAWEL (patient safety, cost-effectiveness and quality of life in elective surgery) project.
METHODS: The model was trained on the PAWEL study's dataset of 878 patients (no intervention, age ≥ 70, 209 with POD). Presence of POD was determined by the Confusion Assessment Method and a chart review. We selected 15 features based on domain knowledge, ethical considerations and a recursive feature elimination. A logistic regression and a linear support vector machine (SVM) were trained, and evaluated using receiver operator characteristics (ROC).
RESULTS: The selected features were American Society of Anesthesiologists score, multimorbidity, cut-to-suture time, estimated glomerular filtration rate, polypharmacy, use of cardio-pulmonary bypass, the Montreal cognitive assessment subscores 'memory', 'orientation' and 'verbal fluency', pre-existing dementia, clinical frailty scale, age, recent falls, post-operative isolation and pre-operative benzodiazepines. The linear SVM performed best, with an ROC area under the curve of 0.82 [95% CI 0.78-0.85] in the training set, 0.81 [95% CI 0.71-0.88] in the test set and 0.76 [95% CI 0.71-0.79] in a cross-centre validation.
CONCLUSION: We present a clinically useful and explainable ML model for POD prediction. The model will be deployed in the Supporting SURgery with GEriatric Co-Management and AI project.
The subject invention is directed to the treatment of respiratory disorders by intratracheal administration of an effective amount of lysozyme. Respiratory disorders include emphysema, pneumonia, respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, interstitial fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, and neoplasia. The treatment is intended for a variety of animals, such as premature neonates to adult humans. Administration of lysozyme may be performed by aerosol, which can be generated by a nebulizer or by instillation. The lysozyme may be administered alone or with a carrier such as saline solution, DMSO, and alcohol, or water. It may also be used as a vehicle for the intratracheal administration of drugs or other agents to the lung. The lysozyme may be isolated from a natural source, such as eggs, or synthesized by a bioprocess, such as fermentation. The effective daily amount of lysozyme is from about 10 μg/kg to about 1 mg/kg of body weight.
NTRODUCTION: Distal pancreatectomy is a standard surgical procedure for selected benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions localized in the pancreatic body or tail. Surgical resection remains the only curative option for patients diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Perioperative and postoperative clinical courses were retrospectively assessed in patients, who underwent distal pancreatectomy during the 2011‒2021 period.
RESULTS: During the 2011‒2021 period, a total of 112 distal pancreatectomies were performed. 67 patients (59.8%) underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy, and 45 patients (40.2%) open laparotomy. The conversion was necessary for 13 patients (11.6%). Distal pancreatectomies performed laparoscopically were associated more often with biochemical leak and the development of grade B fistula, on the other hand grade C fistula developed only in patients operated by open laparotomy (LPT). The mean operating time was slightly longer in the laparoscopic group (227.1 min vs 214.6 min). The mean estimated blood loss was significantly higher in the LPT group (540.4 ml vs 191.9 ml). The mean hospitalization time was slightly longer in the LPT group (11.8 days vs 9.3 days). The rates of early reoperations were comparable between both groups (6 vs 5).
CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic techniques are preferred in centers around the world to bring patients benefits by using a minimally invasive approach. These techniques are also preferred in our center, in nearly 60% of all distal pancreatectomies performed during 10 years, but on the other hand, there is a much more careful approach chosen in cases of malignant disease to achieve adequate radicality (Tab.4, Ref. 20).
Distributed analysis for cognitive state metrics is performed. Data for an individual is captured into a computing device. The data provides information for evaluating a cognitive state of the individual. The data for the individual is uploaded to a web server. A cognitive state metric for the individual is calculated. The cognitive state metric is based on the data that was uploaded. Analysis from the web server is received by the computing device. The analysis is based on the data for the individual and the cognitive state metric for the individual. An output that describes a cognitive state of the individual is rendered at the computing device. The output is based on the analysis that was received. The cognitive states of other individuals are correlated to the cognitive state of the individual. Other sources of information are aggregated. The information is used to analyze the cognitive state of the individual.
The present invention relates to a preparation technology of fine hempleaf groundsel herb granula formulation, which belongs to the technical field of medicine, particularly to a preparation technology of fine hempleaf groundsel herb granula formulation by a flocculation technology, a membrane separation technology and a clathration technology. 0.01-1.00%W/V of flocculant is added in a water extract solution of hempleaf groundsel herb, and a clear solution which is obtained after the sedimentation is removed is purified through a film with the molecule interception of 10000 to 50000 under operating pressure of 0.2 to 0.4MPa. Thus, macro molecules and ineffective components are essentially removed, and then, clathration is carried out, which sufficiently improves and makes up a lot of defects of the direct preparation of water extracts of the hempleaf groundsel herb. Stability is greatly enhanced, and the dosage of auxiliary materials is greatly reduced. The taking dosage is reduced from 10 grams to 3 to 1 gram, and cane sugar is not used as an auxiliary material. The fine hempleaf groundsel herb granula formulation can be taken by various people, and interference is reduced. Main medicine marking components can be quantitatively monitored, and because coating cyclodextrin which is used by the present invention has hydrophilic hydroxyl groups, the dissolution of effective components can be increased.
PURPOSE: To obtain an anticancer composition effective for treating melanoma and cancer cells and capable of selectively attacking cancer cells by compounding a specific cyanine compound. CONSTITUTION: This composition is obtained by compounding a cyanine compound of formula I [X1 and X2 are each O, S or Se; Z is an atom necessary for completing a 6-membered saturated carbon ring condensed with aromatic ring; A is CHCH, a group of formula II (R5 is methyl, ethyl, etc.), etc.; (n)=0, 1; R1 and R2 are each methyl or ethyl; R3 and R4 are each H or a halogen; Q is an anion]. As the compound of formula I, 3-methyl-2-[3-(3-methyl-4- benzothiazolin-1-ylidene-2-propen-3yl]benzothiazolium iodide, etc., is used. A compound of formula I is characterized in that it can highly selectively treat welldifferentiated carcinoma and melanoma of a mammalian by intravenous or peritoneal administration.
PURPOSE: A process of preparing a hair growing agent useful as functional soap or shampoo having a hair growing effect using a natural substance having physiological activity is provided. Whereby, the product has an excellent hair growing effect without causing side effects to human skin. CONSTITUTION: Soap or shampoo having functionality as a hair growing agent is prepared by mixing oil such as black sesame oil(Sesamum indicum L. oil), coconut oil, rice bran oil, cabbage seed oil, egg oil, goose oil and the like with an extract of a physiologically active material such as Thuja orientalis L. leaves, pine needles, Morus alba Linne, Morus alba L. leaves, Allium tuberosum Rottler, green onion, Allium fistulosum L., Allium scorodoprasum L., Swertia pseudo-chinensis, Cannabis Semen, Artemisia Princeps Pampan, Persicaria filiformis Nakai, Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid., Psoralea corylifolia L., Cucumis melo L. leaves, Akebia quinata(Thunb.) Decne., Vitex rotundifolia L. fil., Paulownia coreana Uyeki, Euphoria longan(lour.) Steud., Magnolia kobus A. P. DC., Dianthus chinensis L., Juglans sinensis Dode, Spinacia oleracea L., Capsicum annum L. and Allium grayi, etc..
Only those study participants over 60 years of age will continue with this arm of the trial. The same outcome measures will be performed following 4 weeks of daily consumption of a high flavanol beverage.
A solid-phase method for the synthesis of N-substituted oligomers, such as poly (N-substituted glycines) (referred to herein as poly NSGs) is used to obtain oligomers, such as poly NSGs of potential therapeutic interest which poly NSGs can have a wide variety of side-chain substituents. Each N-substituted glycine monomer is assembled from two "sub-monomers" directly on the solid support. Each cycle of monomer addition consists of two steps: (1) acylation of a secondary amine bound to the support with an acylating agent comprising a leaving group capable of nucleophilic displacement by -NH2, such as a haloacetic acid, and (2) introduction of the side-chain by nucleophilic displacement of the leaving group, such as halogen (as a resin-bound  alpha -haloacetamide) with a sufficient amount of a second sub-monomer comprising an -NH2 group, such as a primary amine, alkoxyamine, semicarbazide, acyl hydrazide, carbazate or the like. Repetition of the two step cycle of acylation and displacement gives the desired oligomers. The efficient synthesis of a wide variety of oligomeric NSGs using automated synthesis technology of the present method makes these oligomers attractive candidates for the generation and rapid screening of diverse peptidomimetic libraries. The oligomers of the invention, such as N-substituted glycines (i.e. poly NSGs) disclosed here provide a new class of peptide-like compounds not found in nature, but which are synthetically accessible and have been shown to possess significant biological activity and proteolytic stability.
BACKGROUND: The snake genera Atropoides, Cerrophidion, and Metlapilcoatlus form a clade of neotropical pit vipers distributed across Mexico and Central America. This study evaluated the myotoxic and neurotoxic effects of nine species of Atropoides, Cerrophidion, and Metlapilcoatlus, and the neutralising efficacy of the ICP antivenom from Costa Rica against these effects, in the chick biventer cervicis nerve-muscle preparation. Given the prominence of PLA2s within the venom proteomes of these species, we also aimed to determine the neutralising potency of the PLA2 inhibitor, varespladib.
RESULTS: All venoms showed myotoxic and potential neurotoxic effects, with differential intra-genera and inter-genera potency. This variation was also seen in the antivenom ability to neutralise the muscle damaging pathophysiological effects observed. Variation was also seen in the relative response to the PLA2 inhibitor varespladib. While the myotoxic effects of M. mexicanus and M. nummifer venoms were effectively neutralised by varespladib, indicating myotoxicity is PLA2 mediated, those of C. godmani and M. olmec venoms were not, revealing that the myotoxicity is driven by non-PLA2 toxin types.
CONCLUSIONS: This study characterises the myotoxic and neurotoxic venom activity, as well as neutralisation of venom effects from the Atropoides, Cerrophidion, and Metlapilcoatlus clade of American crotalids. Our findings contribute significant clinical and evolutionary knowledge to a clade of poorly researched snakes. In addition, these results provide a platform for future research into the reciprocal interaction between ecological niche specialisation and venom evolution, as well as highlighting the need to test purified toxins to accurately evaluate the potential effects observed in these venoms.