anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Liver cirrhosis is one of the most prevalent chronic liver disorders with high mortality. We aimed to explore changed gut microbiome and urine metabolome in compensatory liver cirrhosis (CLC) patients, thus providing novel diagnostic biomarkers for CLC. Forty fecal samples from healthy volunteers (control: 19) and CLC patients (patient: 21) were undertaken 16S rDNA sequencing. Chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed on 40 urine samples (20 controls and 20 patients). Microbiome and metabolome data were separately analyzed using corresponding bioinformatics approaches. The diagnostic model was constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. The optimal diagnostic model was determined by five-fold cross-validation. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to clarify the relations among the diagnostic markers. 16S rDNA sequencing analyses showed changed overall alpha diversity and beta diversity in patient samples compared with those of controls. Similarly, we identified 841 changed metabolites. Pathway analysis revealed that the differential metabolites were mainly associated with pathways, such as tryptophan metabolism, purine metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis. A 9-maker diagnostic model for CLC was determined, including 7 microorganisms and 2 metabolites. In this model, there were multiple correlations between microorganisms and metabolites. Subdoligranulum, Agathobacter, norank_f_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, Butyricicoccus, Lachnospiraceae_UCG_004, and L-2,3-Dihydrodipicolinate were elevated in CLC patients, whereas Blautia, Monoglobus, and 5-Acetamidovalerate were reduced. A novel diagnostic model for CLC was constructed and verified to be reliable, which provides new strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of CLC.
FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutical industry, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the development of novel medicinal forms containing human leucocyte interferon. Tablet for oral use has the purified and concentrated leucocyte interferon with activity 2000-20000 IU and powder-like filling agent taken in the definite ratio of components. Invention provides the enhanced effectiveness of topical effect of administrated interferon dose on clinical process, the preparation does not induce nonfavorable effects and devoids of defects of injection forms. EFFECT: improved properties, enhanced effectiveness of preparation. 2 cl, 4 ex
TMP-SMX will be dosed as follows: for adults, 160/800 mg administered as two single strength (SS) over-encapsulated tablets (equivalent to one double strength (DS) tablet) twice daily. As dosages of these medications may be lower in children with lower body weight (\<40 kg), we will use weight based liquid medications for children \< 40 kg (TMP/SMX dosed based on 8-10 mg/kg of TMP daily, divided into two daily doses) for those children who are under 40 kg in weight. As dosages of these medications are higher in persons with high body weight (\>100 kg), we will use TMP/SMX 160/800 mg administered as four single strength (SS) over-encapsulated tablets (equivalent to two double strength (DS) tablet) twice daily.
Throughout 3 weeks SSE training was administered 4 days a week for a length of 45 minutes in each session. All the analyses were conducted at the start and at the end of 3-week long training.
FRY-like transcription coactivator (FRYL) belongs to a Furry protein family that is evolutionarily conserved from yeast to humans. The functions of FRYL in mammals are largely unknown, and variants in FRYL have not previously been associated with a Mendelian disease. Here, we report fourteen individuals with heterozygous variants in FRYL who present with developmental delay, intellectual disability, dysmorphic features, and other congenital anomalies in multiple systems. The variants are confirmed de novo in all individuals except one. Human genetic data suggest that FRYL is intolerant to loss of function (LoF). We find that the fly FRYL ortholog, furry (fry), is expressed in multiple tissues, including the central nervous system where it is present in neurons but not in glia. Homozygous fry LoF mutation is lethal at various developmental stages, and loss of fry in mutant clones causes defects in wings and compound eyes. We next modeled four out of the five missense variants found in affected individuals using fry knockin alleles. One variant behaves as a severe LoF variant, whereas two others behave as partial LoF variants. One variant does not cause any observable defect in flies, and the corresponding human variant is not confirmed to be de novo, suggesting that this is a variant of uncertain significance. In summary, our findings support that fry is required for proper development in flies and that the LoF variants in FRYL cause a dominant disorder with developmental and neurological symptoms due to haploinsufficiency.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that most commonly occurs in children. AD is characterized by itchy and dry skin that affects approximately 5 to 20% of children in the world. Currently, corticosteroids are the most widely prescribed medication in treating AD; however, there are concerns regarding the side effects such as skin atrophy, telangiectasia, striae, folliculitis and adrenocortical suppression that inhibits growth in children. Many patients and families seek complementary and alternative medications such as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In TCM, indigo naturalis has been used to treat various infectious and inflammatory skin diseases for hundreds of years. Ancient TCM literature has recorded that indigo naturalis is also effective in treating facial eczema (AD) in infants.

The aims of this project are: (1) To evaluate the efficacy of indigo naturalis ointment in treating AD topically; (2) To evaluate the safety of indigo naturalis ointment in treating AD topically; (3) To investigate whether indigo naturalis ointment treatment is associated with a change in total IgE, cytokines, eosinophils, and CRP in patients with AD; (4) To evaluate whether indigo naturalis ointment treatment improves the quality of life in patients with AD.
1389890 Making pharmaceutical particles SUMITOMO CHEMICAL CO Ltd 3 Oct 1972 [4 Oct 1971] 45556/72 Heading A5B Stable particulate pharmaceutical compositions comprise as active ingredient a compound of the formula: wherein R is a straight or branched chain C 17-25  hydrocarbon radical (optionally hydroxy-substituted) and R 1 , R 2 , R 3  and R, are each H, halogen, C 1-8  alkyl or alkoxy (at least one not being hydrogen). The compositions are made by melting the active compound, adding one or more oil-soluble antioxidants (e.g. a tocopherol, butylated hydroxyanisole or -toluene or stearyl ascorbate) in two portions, the first being a minor portion of the total necessary the rest of which is added before or whilst melting takes place, immediately emulsifying the melt in an aqueous dispersion of a water-soluble gelling agent, e.g. gelatin, containing a water-soluble anti-oxidant (e.g. erythorbic acid, ascorbic acid, citric acid, salts thereof or sodium bisulphite) and, optionally one or more sugars or sugar alcohols (e.g. sucrose, glucose, sorbitol or mannitol), and spraying the emulsion on to a water-absorptive particulate material, e.g. in the form of a fluidised bed, and separating the solidified particles therefrom, e.g. by sieving.
BACKGROUND: Constipation can be diagnosed clinically using the Rome criteria. Ultrasound (US), which lacks the radiation exposure of conventional X-ray, holds promise as a non-invasive tool to evaluate colonic contents and constipation.
AIM: To examine the role of US in the assessment of constipation.
METHODS: We performed a systematic search of Embase (OVID, 1984), Medline (Ovid, 1946), Cochrane Central, ClinicalTrials.gov and Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry from database inception to 26 January 2024 according to PRISMA guidelines and prospectively registered with PROSPERO. All studies using US to assess constipation or colonic contents in either adults or children were included. Rectal diameter measurements were pooled in meta-analysis. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scales and Joanna Briggs Institute checklists.
RESULTS: Of 12,232 studies screened, 51 articles (6084 patients; 3422 children) describing US to assess symptoms in patients with constipation were included. Most studies used Rome criteria to diagnose constipation. Rectal diameter was associated with clinical constipation in 29 paediatric studies (3331 patients). Meta-analysis showed the mean rectal diameter of constipated patients was significantly higher than controls (mean difference 12 mm, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 6.48, 17.93, p < 0.0001, n = 16 studies). Other features of constipation on US included posterior acoustic shadowing and echogenicity of luminal contents.
CONCLUSION: US is an appealing imaging modality to assess luminal contents and constipation. Further well-designed studies are required to validate US metrics that accurately identify constipation.
It is well documented that poverty has a negative impact on the physiological well-being of children in the West. There is an imperative need for health care professionals to develop and evaluate interventions to promote the psychological wellbeing of children living in poverty. First, however, it is crucial to assess and understand how the impact of poverty, in particular the impact of income disparity, affects the psychological wellbeing of Hong Kong children before any intervention to promote it can be planned, developed, or evaluated. Unfortunately, while much public concern about poverty has concentrated on children's physical development, the impact of poverty and income disparity on their psychological well-being remains relatively underexplored. Because the cultural context in which they live is drastically different from that of Western children, the way that Chinese children view the nature and meaning of poverty, as well as their responses to it and to any psychosocial interventions, will in all likelihood differ considerably from those of Western children. Hence, the aim of this study is to explore the impacts of poverty and income disparity on the psychological well-being of Hong Kong Chinese children.
The invention discloses a new crown variant vaccine taking human 5-type replication-defective adenovirus as a vector. The vaccine takes replication-defective human adenovirus type 5 with combined deletion of E1 and E3 as a vector, and integrates an optimally designed novel coronavirus B.1.351 variant antigen gene (Ad 5-nCoV-B.1.351) in a genome. The vaccine can effectively express protective antigen protein in host cells. The vaccine can stimulate specific antibody reaction aiming at B.1.351 variant strain and strong and broad-spectrum neutralizing antibody reaction of new coronavirus variant strain by single immunization. In addition, the vaccine is combined with a 2019 wild-type novel coronavirus vaccine, so that the neutralizing antibody response is rapidly improved after two weeks of boosting. In conclusion, the vaccine has obvious application advantages, particularly has outstanding advantages in single-dose immunization and response to the epidemic situation of the new crown B.1.351 variant strain, and can be used as a vaccine candidate strain for response to the epidemic situation of the continuously-spread new crown variant strain.
Progressive multiple sclerosis poses a considerable challenge in the evaluation of disease progression and treatment response owing to its multifaceted pathophysiology. Traditional clinical measures such as the Expanded Disability Status Scale are limited in capturing the full scope of disease and treatment effects. Advanced imaging techniques, including MRI and PET scans, have emerged as valuable tools for the assessment of neurodegenerative processes, including the respective role of adaptive and innate immunity, detailed insights into brain and spinal cord atrophy, lesion dynamics and grey matter damage. The potential of cerebrospinal fluid and blood biomarkers is increasingly recognized, with neurofilament light chain levels being a notable indicator of neuro-axonal damage. Moreover, patient-reported outcomes are crucial for reflecting the subjective experience of disease progression and treatment efficacy, covering aspects such as fatigue, cognitive function and overall quality of life. The future incorporation of digital technologies and wearable devices in research and clinical practice promises to enhance our understanding of functional impairments and disease progression. This Review offers a comprehensive examination of these diverse evaluation tools, highlighting their combined use in accurately assessing disease progression and treatment efficacy in progressive multiple sclerosis, thereby guiding more effective therapeutic strategies.
Evidence has suggested that a history of falls and fear of falling (FOF) are associated with reduced mobility among older adults. Although many studies have explored the association between the history of falls and FOF in the context of decreased mobility, most have had small sample sizes, limiting the generalizability of the results. Therefore, this study sought to contribute to the body of knowledge around these constructs to further support the previous findings. To investigate the association between a history of falls and FOF with low mobility in community-dwelling older adults. This cross-sectional study included 308 older adults (69.9 ± 7.1 years, 57.8% female). The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test was used to classify mobility limitations in participants and the Falls Efficacy Scale-International - Brazil was used to quantify FOF. Participants were also asked if they had fallen in the previous 12 months. Multivariable logistic regression was used. The prevalence rates of a history of falls and FOF were 32.7 and 48.4%, respectively. Older adults with a history of falls and FOF had 2.20 (95%CI: 1.20; 4.02) and 3.80 (95%CI: 1.90; 7.58) greater odds of presenting low mobility than older adults without these health problems, respectively. History of falls and FOF are associated with higher odds of low mobility in community-dwelling older adults. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to introduce public health programs aimed at preventing falls in older adults to reduce possible adverse health outcomes, including low mobility.
BACKGROUND: Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction involves reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability due to NO synthase uncoupling linked to increased oxidation and reduced cofactor availability. Loss of endothelial function and NO bioavailability are associated with inflammation, including leukocyte activation. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) administered as icosapent ethyl reduced cardiovascular events in REDUCE-IT (Reduction of Cardiovascular Events With Icosapent Ethyl-Intervention Trial) in relation to on-treatment EPA blood levels. The mechanisms of cardiovascular protection for EPA remain incompletely elucidated but likely involve direct effects on the endothelium.
METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, human ECs were treated with EPA and challenged with the cytokine IL-6 (interleukin-6). Proinflammatory responses in the ECs were confirmed by ELISA capture of sICAM-1 (soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1) and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α). Global protein expression was determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry tandem mass tag. Release kinetics of NO and peroxynitrite were monitored using porphyrinic nanosensors. IL-6 challenge induced proinflammatory responses from the ECs as evidenced by increased release of sICAM-1 and TNF-α, which correlated with a loss of NO bioavailability. ECs pretreated with EPA modulated expression of 327 proteins by >1-fold (P<0.05), compared with IL-6 alone. EPA augmented expression of proteins involved in NO production, including heme oxygenase-1 and dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1, and 34 proteins annotated as associated with neutrophil degranulation. EPA reversed the endothelial NO synthase uncoupling induced by IL-6 as evidenced by an increased [NO]/[peroxynitrite] release ratio (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: These direct actions of EPA on EC functions during inflammation may contribute to its distinct cardiovascular benefits.
The radiotherapy is delivered using simultaneous integrated boost (SIB)-intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Patients are irradiation at a palliative dose at the initial course: 40Gy/10f to gross tumor. The disease is re-evaluated one month after the end of the initial course using CT. The patient who achieved a partial remission according to the RECIST criteria and had a recovery of lung function should get the additional boost. At the second course, the tumor is re-simulated. The residual tumor was then treated with the second course of radiotherapy. A dose of 28Gy/7f is delivered to the residue tumor. Concurrent chemotherapy consists of weekly docetaxel(25mg/㎡) and nedaplatin(25mg/㎡), each of 1 day's duration.
Phosphoric esters (I) of MW 1400 where the phosphoric acid radicals are linked via ester-bonds by means of org. gps. each being a glycoside residue of a plyhydroxy-cpd. such as flavone, chalcone et al, with >=2 phenolic OH, and which do not take part in forming the glycoside-hyaluronidase activity. Low molecular polymers are sepd. from the high-molecular fraction by molecular fractionation with polyacrylamide-gels or cross-linked dextran-polymer-gels.
Objective To investigate the effect of Terminalia chebula water extract (TCWE) on the cellular immunity and PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Methods SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: a control group, a CIA group, a TCWE group and a methotrexate (MTX) group, with 15 rats in each group. Except for the control group, SD rats in other groups were subcutaneously injected with type II collagen to establish the model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). The rats in the TCWE group were treated with 20 mg/(kg.d) TCWE and the rats in the MTX group were treated with 1.67 mg/(kg.d) MTX. After 14 days of treatment, the cartilage morphology was examined using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and splenic T lymphocyte apoptosis and Treg/Th17 cell ratio were detected by flow cytometry. The mRNA expressions of retinoid-related orphan nuclear receptor γt (RORγt), forkhead box P3 (FOXP3), PD-1 and PD-L1 in spleen were detected by reverse transcription PCR. The expression and localization of RORγt and FOXP3 were detected by immunohistochemical staining. The protein expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 in splenic lymphocytes were detected by Western blot, and the levels of serum interleukin 17 (IL-17) and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) in rats were detected by ELISA. Results Compared with CIA group, the pathological changes of cartilage and synovium were significantly alleviated in the TCWE group and the MTX group. Both the apoptosis rate of T lymphocytes in spleen and the ratio of Treg/Th17 cells increased. The expression of RORγt decreased, while the expressions of FOXP3, PD-1 and PD-L1 increased in spleen lymphocytes. The level of serum IL-17 decreased, while the level of serum TGF-β increased. Conclusion TCWE treatment may activate PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in spleen cells to regulate cellular immunity, thus reducing cartilage injury in CIA rats.
The present invention discloses a sea mud active component extracting method which comprises the steps of smashing, leaching, centrifugating and condensing. The centrifugating step comprises vaporizing and condensing and obtains sea mud active component extracting solution. The smashing step uses a high pressure airflow smashing form. The leaching step uses pH regulating agent which comprises 1 percent of sodium acetate solution in weight percentage. The condensing step is decompression rotating vaporizing. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of low technical cost, simple operation, low requirement on equipment, and the like, and the sea mud active extracting solution extracted by the method of the present invention has good storage stability and solves the problem of the prior art that active component is hard for retaining for a long time.
BACKGROUND: We investigated the outcomes of postoperative radiation therapy for olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) and our cross-departmental collaboration to enhance the effectiveness of cancer treatment.
METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 22 patients with ONB who underwent postoperative radiotherapy after tumor resection. En bloc resection was performed; pathology specimens were prepared in coronal sections; and irradiation fields were determined after discussion with radiation oncologists, head and neck surgeons, and pathologists.
RESULTS: The overall survival and local control rates were 95.5% and 100%, respectively, at a median 37-month follow-up. The 3- and 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 64.4% and 56.3%, respectively. Of the 22 patients, 9 (8 Kadish C and 1 Kadish B) had disease recurrence. Of the nine patients, five had positive margins and two had closed margins; cervical lymph node recurrence occurred in six, and distant metastasis with or without cervical lymph node recurrence occurred in three. DFS analysis of risk factors showed no statistically significant differences, but positive margins were a significant recurrence factor in multivariate analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: The local control rate of ONB treated with postoperative radiation therapy was 100%. This may be attributed to cross-departmental cooperation between head and neck surgeons, pathologists, and radiation oncologists, which resulted in accurate matching of CT images for treatment planning with the location of the tumor and positive margins. Longer follow-up periods are required to evaluate the effectiveness of our strategy.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review is a critical analysis of treatment results obtained in clinical trials conducted in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), hyperphosphatemia, or both.
RECENT FINDINGS: Patients with CKD have a high mortality rate. The disorder of mineral and bone metabolism (CKD-MBD), which is commonly present in these patients, is associated with adverse outcomes, including cardiovascular events and mortality. Clinical trials aimed at improving these outcomes by modifying CKD-MBD associated factors have most often resulted in disappointing results. The complexity of CKD-MBD, where many players are closely interconnected, might explain these negative findings. We first present an historical perspective of current knowledge in the field of CKD-MBD and then examine potential flaws of past and ongoing clinical trials targeting SHPT and hyperphosphatemia respectively in patients with CKD.
In this study, two hundred infants ≤ 12 months of age vaccinated with two doses of sIPV produced by Beijing Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., will be enrolled with a balanced male-to-female ratio. After enrollment with informed consent from the guardians of the participants, they will be divided into two groups, i.e., the study group and the control group, according to the 1:1 ratio. They will be vaccinated with one dose of the sIPV produced by Sinovac or the sIPV produced by Beijing Institute, respectively. The 30-minute observation will be conducted after the vaccination. Immediate reactions will be observed and solicited adverse events within 0-7 days, while unsolicited adverse events within 0-30 days will be collected to evaluate vaccine safety. About 2.5-3.0 ml of venous blood will be collected from all participants before and 30 days after vaccination, and anti-poliovirus type 1, type 2, and type 3 neutralizing antibody tests will be performed to evaluate immunogenicity.