anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) for patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death (primary prevention) has become an accepted therapy after multiple randomized trials demonstrated the benefit consistently. After years of extensive evaluation of the trial data, Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services(CMS) has approved the national registry that is endorsed by the American College of Cardiology and Heart Rhythm Society. Thus, ICD implantation for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death is one of the most intensively evaluated, strictly regulated and closely monitored therapies.

Since the approval of expanded coverage for primary prevention by CMS along with the requirement for registry participation in early 2005, the ICD implant volume did not show an apparent increase as expected by many. Instead, a flat growth of ICD sales has been observed over the last 2 years. Several explanations have been offered by various sources. Some attribute the slow growth to the loss of confidence among the referring physicians, patients, and family members as the result of the multiple industry recalls. Others claim that only a small portion of the eligible candidates receive ICD therapy because of poor awareness of the ICD benefit among the referring physicians and the public (the Cambridge Heart Commercial). However, the Medtronic campaign to promote public awareness has had little impact on the volume of ICD implants. Another group of people suspect that the cardiologists have not paid enough attention to the patients' candidacy for ICD therapy because they tend to focus on the patients' ongoing symptoms not proactive prevention. Thus,an active screening program may identify a significant number of patients who will benefit from ICD therapy. However, there has been no comprehensive study that has evaluated the impact of active screening on the ICD implant volume, the percentage of eligible ICD patients without ICDs and the reasons for not receiving ICDs.

Majority of ICD implants in the United States are currently performed in the community-based cardiology programs. Thus a proactive program to identify ICD candidates in a community-based program may provide a good assessment on the unrealized potential benefit of ICDs for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death.
Macrophages are vital in maintaining tissue homeostasis in the lungs by modulating and regulating immune responses. Based on different origins and anatomical locations, macrophages in the lungs are categorized into alveolar macrophages, interstitial macrophages, perivascular macrophages, and inflammatory macrophages. Alveolar macrophages are located in the alveolar spaces and are primarily responsible for maintaining alveolar surfactant homeostasis, defending against pathogens and regulating immune responses. Interstitial macrophages can maintain homeostasis, regulate immunity and anti-inflammation in the lung tissue. Perivascular macrophages play a crucial role in inhibiting lung inflammation, improving pulmonary fibrosis, and regulating lung tumor progression due to antigen-presenting and immunomodulatory effects. Inflammatory macrophages, which are differentiated from monocytes during inflammation, regulate the inflammatory process. This article reviews the origins of various subpopulations of macro-phages in the lung tissue and their physiological and pathological functions as well as discusses the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.
INTRODUCTION: Central auditory processing disorders (CAPD) can significantly affect the daily functioning of a child, and the first step in determining whether rehabilitation procedures are required is a proper diagnosis. Different guidelines for making diagnoses have been published in the literature, and in various centers normative values for psychoacoustic tests of CAPD have been used internally. The material presented in this paper is based on more than 1000 children and is the largest collection so far published. The aim of this study is to present normative values for tests assessing CAPD in children aged 6 to 12 years, divided by age at last birthday.
METHOD: We tested 1037 children aged 6 to 12 years who were attending primary schools and kindergartens. The criteria for inclusion were a normal audiogram, intellectually normal, no developmental problems, and no difficulties in auditory processing. To evaluate auditory processing all children were given three tests on the Senses Examination Platform: the Frequency Pattern Test (FPT), Duration Pattern Test (DPT), and Dichotic Digit Test (DDT).
RESULTS: The results from 1,037 children allowed us to determine normative values for FPT, DPT, and DDT in seven different age groups (6 through to 12 years). We developed a newapproach, based on quantile-based norms, to determine normative values in each group. Three categories - average, below-average, and above-average - allow for a broader but more realistic interpretation than those used previously. We compare our results with published standards.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study is the largest normative database published to date for CAPD testing, setting a standard for each child by age in years. We used the Senses Examination Platform, a universal tool, to unify standards for the classification of CAPD. Our study can serve as a basis for the development of a Polish model for the diagnosis of CAPD.
A one year clinical trial was conducted. Patients had moderate liver dysfunction and a liver transplant was not expected to occur earlier than 12 months, due to low MELD scores. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatic artery or portal vein thrombosis were excluded by color Doppler ultrasonography (DUS) and 3-phase computed tomography (CT). Under local anesthesia, 100 mL of bone marrow were aspirated from the posterior iliac crest. ABMMC were isolated by density gradient centrifugation in Ficoll-Hypaque gradient, 10% of the cells were labeled with SnCl2-99mTc, and a small fraction was used for cell counting and viability analysis. ABMMC were delivered preferentially in the common hepatic artery by celiac trunk catheterism. Total body scintigraphy (TBS) was performed 3 hours after infusion. Patients were submitted to frequent clinical, biochemical and imaging evaluation during follow up.
No overall differences in the safety of Noxafil delayed-release tablets and Noxafil oral suspension were observed between geriatric patients and younger adult patients in the clinical trials; therefore, no dosage adjustment is recommended for any formulation of posaconazole in geriatric patients. No clinically meaningful differences in the pharmacokinetics of Noxafil were observed in geriatric patients compared to younger adult patients during clinical trials [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

Of the 230 patients treated with Noxafil delayed-release tablets, 38 (17%) were greater than 65 years of age.

Of the 605 patients randomized to Noxafil oral suspension in Noxafil Oral Suspension Study 1 and Study 2, 63 (10%) were ≥65 years of age. In addition, 48 patients treated with greater than or equal to 800-mg/day Noxafil oral suspension in another indication were ≥65 years of age. Of the 288 patients randomized to Noxafil injection/Noxafil delayed-release tablets in the Aspergillosis Treatment Study, 85 (29%) were ≥65 years of age. 

No overall differences in the pharmacokinetics and safety were observed between elderly and young subjects during clinical trials, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.
Circular double-stranded replication intermediates were identified in low-molecular-weight DNA of cells of the avian leukemia virus-induced lymphoblastoid cell line 1104-X-5 infected with chicken anemia virus (CAV). To characterize the genome of CAV, we cloned linearized CAV DNA into the vector pIC20H. Transfection of the circularized cloned insert into chicken cell lines caused a cytopathogenic effect, which was arrested when a chicken serum with neutralizing antibodies directed against CAV was added. The 2,319-bp cloned CAV DNA contained all the genetic information needed for the complete replication cycle of CAV. The CAV genome probably contains only one promoter region and only one poly(A) addition signal. Southern blot analysis using oligomers derived from the CAV DNA sequence showed that infected cells contained double- and single-stranded CAV DNAs, whereas purified virus contained only the minus strand. The CAV DNA sequence has three partially overlapping major reading frames coding for putative peptides of 51.6, 24.0, and 13.6 kDa. The claimed invention is directed toward immunogenic and vaccine compositions comprising these novel peptides.
Hypoimmunogenic induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived exosomes including tailored chimeric antigen receptor (CARs) which can recognize target biomarkers through an antibody fragment scFV region, bifunctional or ByTE antibodies, by a viral epitope recognition receptor (VERR), V H H nanobody, Variable New Antigen Receptor (V NAR ), engineered TCR, or by any single heavy chain IgG fragment from which a variable region can be engineered. A method of making exosomes. A method of treating an individual with cancer, by administering the exosomes to an individual, targeting cancer cells, and treating the cancer. Exosomes including tailored CARs which can recognize target biomarkers through a VERR including viral receptors of an oncolytic virus. A method of treating an individual with cancer, by administering exosomes including CAR receptors having a VERR, V H H nanobody, V NAR , engineered TCR, or by any single heavy chain IgG fragment from which a variable region can be engineered with viral receptors of an oncolytic virus to an individual, targeting cancer cells, and treating the cancer. A method of targeting cells in an individual, by administering the exosomes to an individual, and targeting cells to be destroyed or treated for cancer tumors (both liquid and solid), infectious disease, hereditary conditions, autoimmune disease, or metabolic disorders.
This group includes subjects with renal stones who are consented for a ureteroscopy. They will be randomized to Norco 5milligram-325milligram Tablet for postoperative pain after ureteroscopy with stent placement.
Recent studies have highlighted the involvement of pyroptosis-mediated cell death and neuroinflammation in ischemic stroke (IS) pathogenesis. DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP), a synthesized compound based on an extract from seeds of Apium graveolens, possesses a broad range of biological effects. However, the efficacy and the underlying mechanisms of NBP in IS remain contentious. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic effects of NBP and elucidated its potential mechanisms in neuronal cell pyroptosis and microglia inflammatory responses. Adult male mice underwent permanent distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO), followed by daily oral gavage of NBP (80 mg/kg) for 1, 7, or 21 consecutive days. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset of IS patients peripheral blood RNA sequencing was analyzed to identify differentially expressed pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) during the ischemic process. Our results suggested that NBP treatment effectively alleviated brain ischemic damage, resulting in decreased neurological deficit scores, reduced infarct volume, and improved neurological and behavioral functions. RNA sequence data from human unveiled upregulated PRGs in IS. Subsequently, we observed that NBP downregulated pyroptosis-associated markers at days 7 and 21 post-modeling, at both the protein and mRNA levels. Additionally, NBP suppressed the co-localization of pyroptosis markers with neuronal cells to variable degrees and simultaneously mitigated the accumulation of activated microglia. Overall, our data provide novel evidence that NBP treatment significantly attenuates ischemic brain damage and promotes recovery of neurological function in the early and recovery phases after IS, probably by negatively regulating the pyroptosis cell death of neuronal cells and inhibiting toxic neuroinflammation in the central nervous system.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject composition, comprising a lysine-valine-tripeptide having a proline residue which is a dextro-rotatory optical isomer, effective in treating inflammations and applicable to inflammatory alopecia, sunburn, etc. SOLUTION: This composition comprises a peptide containing a lysine-proline- valine having the proline residue which is a dextro-rotatory optical isomer (DPro) or its biological functional equivalent. When the objective composition is the one for makeup, the tripeptide is preferably contained at 10<-9> to 10<-4> M concentration therein. When the composition is the one for medicines, the tripeptide is preferably contained at 10<-6> to 10<-1> M concentration therein. A 2-4C alcohol such as ethyl alcohol, a 1-4C alkylene glycol, etc., or an aqueous medium comprising a mixture thereof with water is preferably used as a medium. The objective composition is preferably locally administered.
The dose-exploration phase of the study will estimate the MTD (Maximum Tolerated Dose) of AMG 199 using a Bayesian logistic regression model (BLRM). A RP2D (Recommended Phase 2 Dose) may be identified based on emerging safety, efficacy, and PD (Pharmacodynamics) data prior to reaching an MTD. Alternative dosing schedule(s) may be explored based on emerging PK (Pharmacokinetics) and safety data.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an improver for deterioration in production of a TGF (transforming growth factor)-β receptor with ultraviolet light and an improver for deterioration in production of collagen with the ultraviolet light improving the deterioration in production of the TGF-β receptor with the ultraviolet light, preventing the deterioration in production of the collagen and thereby carrying out prophylaxis and improvement of the formation of wrinkles or deterioration in elasticity and to provide an anti-aging external preparation for skin.  <P>SOLUTION: The improver for the deterioration in production of the TGF-β receptor with the ultraviolet light and improver for deterioration in production of the collagen with the ultraviolet light are characterized as comprising a cultured product of Zymomonas mobilis. The anti-aging external preparation for skin is characterized as comprising the cultured product of the Zymomonas mobilis and a hybrid cell extract from Luffa cylindrica M. Roemen and Gynostemma pentaphyllum. The reduction in the amount of the collagen produced is prevented and the prophylaxis and improvement of the formation of the wrinkles or deterioration in the elasticity found in photo-aged skin are carried out by suppressing the deterioration in production of the TGF-β receptor with the ultraviolet light. Furthermore, the formation of the wrinkles and deterioration in the elasticity are prevented and improved by using the cultured product of the Zymomonas mobilis and a hybrid cell extract from the Luffa cylindrica M. Roemen and Gynostemma pentaphyllum in combination.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
All patients will be submmited to troponin measurements and CCTA. If CCTA shows coronary stenosis ≥ 50%, patient will initiate the ACS treatment and be hospitalized to have coronary cineangiography. If CCTA shows lesions \< 50%, the patient will be discharged and monitored for 30 days. A second sampling of the troponin will be obtained from all patients three hours after the first collection in order to evaluate for an increase/decrease of troponin.
Niemann-Pick type C disease (NPC) is an autosomal recessive, lysosomal storage disorder characterized by accumulation of cholesterol and gangliosides. NPC is a rare (estimated prevalence of 1:120,000-150,000) neurodegenerative disorder with a wide clinical spectrum and a variable age of onset. Classically, children with NPC demonstrate neurological dysfunction with cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, seizures, vertical gaze palsy, motor impairment, dysphagia, psychotic episodes, and progressive dementia. In general, adolescent and adult onset forms have a more insidious onset and slower progression.

There is no effective treatment for NPC and it is a lethal disorder. A major impediment to the testing of therapeutic interventions is the lack of well-defined outcome measures. The purpose of this protocol is to obtain both baseline and rate of progression data on clinical and biochemical markers that may later be used as an outcome measure in a clinical trial.
Precision cells combined with Chemotherapy treatment: Chemotherapy: once a week with a total of six times before 60 days prior to the start of drawing blood. Precision cells：once per 3 weeks with a total of three periods.
Somnolence was frequently observed in placebo-controlled clinical trials of pediatric patients with autistic disorder. Most cases were mild or moderate in severity. These events were most often of early onset with peak incidence occurring during the first 2 weeks of treatment, and transient with a median duration of 16 days. Somnolence was the most commonly observed adverse reaction in the clinical trial of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents, as well as in the schizophrenia trials in adolescents. As was seen in the autistic disorder trials, these adverse reactions were most often of early onset and transient in duration [see Adverse Reactions (6.1 and 6.2)]. Patients experiencing persistent somnolence may benefit from a change in dosing regimen [see Dosage and Administration (2.1, 2.2, 2.3)].
This is a non-randomized, open-label extension study of LTP001 for participants with PAH who complete the parent study CLTP001A12201. Eligible participants will be presented with the opportunity to enroll in the extension study at the end of treatment visit of the parent study. Participants in the extension study will receive a once daily dose of LTP001 for 52 weeks regardless of their parent study treatment (i.e. LTP001 or placebo). Visits to assess the safety, tolerability and efficacy of LTP001 will take place at Weeks 5, 13, 26, 39 and 52, including a right heart catheterization at Week 26 and a 6-minute walk test and echocardiography at Weeks 26 and 52. Participants will have safety follow-up phone calls at week 9 and 17, and may be invited for unscheduled assessments at the site if deemed necessary. At Week 56, approximately 30 days after the treatment period, participants will have one safety follow-up phone call. The safety and efficacy profile of LTP001 observed in this extension study as well as the parent study will determine the continuation of the extension study.
Past research regarding the relationship between different constructs of social status and different aspects of pain has yielded divergent results. So far, there are few experimental studies to investigate the causal relationship between social status and pain. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the effect of perceived social status on pain thresholds by experimentally manipulating participants' subjective social status (SSS). 51 female undergraduates were randomly assigned to a low- or high-status condition. Participants' perceived social standing was temporarily elevated (high SSS condition) or reduced (low SSS condition). Before and after experimental manipulation participants' pressure pain thresholds were assessed. The manipulation check confirmed that participants in the low-status condition reported significantly lower SSS than participants in the high-status condition. A linear mixed model revealed a significant group x time interaction for pain thresholds: Whereas participants' pain thresholds in the low SSS condition increased post manipulation, pain thresholds of participants in the high SSS condition decreased post manipulation (β = 0.22; 95% CI, 0.002 to 0.432; p < .05). Findings suggest that SSS may have a causal effect on pain thresholds. This effect could either be due to a change in pain perception or a change in pain expression. Future research is needed to determine the mediating factors.
All subjects will be identified as a such by the study identifier "EPO###" where EPO designates enrollment in this study and ### is a numeric identifier (e.g. 103).
In this study, the side effects of glucocorticoids used by patients will be evaluated using the Glucocorticoid Toxicity Index (GTI) index. This index includes areas for commonly recognized adverse events as a result of cumulative steroid exposure. It is weighted and measures both worsening and improvement. Scores range from -346 to 439 with cumulative worsening score relating to an increase in GC toxicity burden. "-" points indicate improvement, "+" points indicate worsening. The higher the patient's burden of glucocorticoid toxicity, the higher his score.
Proparacaine should be used cautiously and sparingly in patients with known allergies, cardiac disease, or hyperthyroidism. The long-term toxicity of proparacaine is unknown; prolonged use may possibly delay wound healing. Although exceedingly rare with ophthalmic application of local anesthetics, it should be borne in mind that systemic toxicity (manifested by central nervous system stimulation followed by depression) may occur. 

Protection of the eye from irritating chemicals, foreign bodies and rubbing during the period of anesthesia is very important. Tonometers soaked in sterilizing or detergent solutions should be thoroughly rinsed with sterile distilled water prior to use. Patients should be advised to avoid touching the eye until the anesthesia has worn off. Do not touch dropper tip to any surface as this may contaminate the solution.
Participants will be randomized in a 2:1:1 ratio to receive a 4-week sample of varenicline (.5 mg, 60 tablets total), NRT, or not, with outcomes assessed through 12 weeks of follow-up. 324 participants will be enrolled in this group. Participants in the varenicline sampling group will be given standard instructions on titration but ultimately will decide on their own as to if and how it is used. Dosing is lower than most industry trials of varenicline (1mg BID) but consistent with two trials of lower dosing that showed efficacy and with fewer side effects. Varenicline participants can choose to titrate 2mg if they wish, with shorter duration of sampling experience.
Various electrocardiographic changes occur during sepsis, but data on the clinical importance of a low QRS voltage in sepsis are still limited. We aimed to evaluate the association between low QRS voltage identified early in sepsis and mortality in patients with sepsis. Between September 2019 and December 2020, all consecutive adult patients diagnosed with sepsis in the emergency room or general ward at Samsung Medical Center were enrolled. Patients without a 12-lead electrocardiogram recorded within 48 h of recognition of sepsis were excluded. In 432 eligible patients, 12-lead electrocardiogram was recorded within the median of 24 min from the first recognition of sepsis, and low QRS voltage was identified in 115 (26.6%) patients. The low QRS group showed more severe organ dysfunction and had higher levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide. The hospital mortality was significantly higher in the low QRS voltage group than in the normal QRS voltage group (49.6% vs. 28.1%, p < 0.001). Similarly, among the 160 patients who required intensive care unit admission, significantly more patients in the low QRS group died in the intensive care unit (35.9% vs. 18.2%, p = 0.021). Low QRS voltage was associated with increased hospital mortality in patients with sepsis.
Hydroxychloroquine is widely used to treat autoimmune diseases, due to its immunomodulatory properties, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, with an excellent safety profile. In vitro studies have suggested that their mode of action in COVID-19 disease is blockade of SARS-CoV-2 transport from endosomes to endolysosomes, which appears to be a requirement to release the viral genome.