anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Background and Rationale: The current proposal aims to combine two forms of neuromodulation, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), to regulate homeostatic plasticity prior to rTMS delivery at two different frequencies (1Hz and 10Hz). Homeostatic plasticity, the initial activation state of a targeted circuit, is a theoretical determinant of whether rTMS induces long term potentiation (LTP) or long term depression (LTD).Yet, homeostatic plasticity is rarely measured or controlled in rTMS studies. In a physiological investigation of health subjects, we aim to control homeostatic plasticity by preconditioning the targeted circuits with tDCS prior to rTMS delivery. The justification for this study is that controlling homeostatic plasticity can reduce subject variability and the knowledge gained can be used to optimize rTMS delivery. What is needed to move the field forward is a method for combining tDCS and rTMS and for measuring neuronal responses directly which we aim to establish in this study. The pilot study project will examine the targeted effects of neuromodulation in normal subjects. The brain regions targeted for intervention include auditory areas in the temporal cortex (TC) that process sounds and functionally connected regions of the dorsolateral frontal cortex (DLFC) that mediate sensory habituation. Due to funding limitations, only the 1 Hz rTMS condition could be initiated.
Embodiments of the invention provide bio-reactor circuits for in vitro research applications. One embodiment provides a bio-reactor circuit comprising at least one bio-reactor and a pump fluidically coupled to the at-least-one bio-reactor. The bio-reactor comprises a housing having inlet and outlet ports and first and second chambers. The chambers are separated by a porous membrane with the first chamber providing a flow path for a fluid. The membrane includes a coating having a cell binding affinity for the attachment and proliferation of cells to cover the surface of the membrane. The second chamber provides a volume for maintaining the viability of cells disposed in the chamber. The cells can be selected to produce a biochemical compound. The membrane is configured to allow for diffusion of the compound from the second chamber into the flow path as well as allow for diffusion of gases, nutrients and other biochemical compounds.
WAKIX tablets contain pitolisant hydrochloride. Pitolisant is an antagonist/inverse agonist of the histamine-3 (H3) receptor. Pitolisant hydrochloride is a white or almost white crystalline powder with a molecular formula of C17H26ClNO·HCl and a molecular weight of 332.31. Pitolisant hydrochloride is soluble in water, ethanol, and methylene chloride and practically insoluble in cyclohexane. The chemical name of pitolisant hydrochloride is 1-{3-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)propoxy]propyl}piperidine, hydrochloride and its structural formula is:

The molecular formula of the pitolisant free base is C17H26ClNO and its molecular weight is 295.85.

WAKIX tablets are for oral administration and each film-coated tablet contains 5 mg or 20 mg of pitolisant hydrochloride (equivalent to 4.45 mg or 17.8 mg of pitolisant free base, respectively) and the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, talc, and titanium dioxide.
Nutrition intervention: The proposed nutrition plan is a high protein (25% energy) diet providing low fat dairy foods and individualized to energy needs. Dairy foods are accepted by women during pregnancy as a healthy choice (from pilot study) and in our recent birth cohort study, women consumed an average of 3 or more servings of dairy per day. Exercise intervention: Most previous studies and published guidance focus on aerobic exercise such as walking as it is the easiest physical activity to implement in pregnancy in terms of setting goals of steps and monitoring of adherence using accelerometer-type devices. Walking is also the most practical since women reduced moderate and vigorous physical activity during pregnancy but levels of walking were maintained.
INTRODUCTION: Whether airway-compromised airway-esophageal fistula (AEF) patients should undergo combined airway and esophageal stenting is controversial. This study was designed to evaluate the survival prognosis and poststent interventions in AEF patients with airways compromised by advanced malignancy with or without airway stents.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the medical records, survival times, and poststent interventions of 17 patients with or without airway stents was performed.
RESULTS: The causes of AEF were esophageal cancer (11/17, 64.7%), lung cancer (6/17, 29.4%), and thyroid cancer (1/17, 5.9%). All patients received a nasogastric tube (n = 12) or underwent gastrostomy (n = 5) to resume enteral nutrition. Thirteen patients underwent airway stent insertion (13/17, 76.5%), whereas four patients did not. Four patients with a high risk of stent migration received external stent fixation to the trachea. Three of the patients with stents suffered severe granulation tissue formation and needed repeated bronchoscopy interventions. In the stented group, none of the patients developed stent migration, and the overall median survival time was 9 months, compared with 1.25 months in the nonstented group (P = 0.04). Cox proportional hazards regression revealed that stent insertion, nasogastric tube insertion, and transcatheter bronchial artery chemoembolization were protective factors against death, whereas surgery-related fistula, fistula larger than 2 cm, continued chemotherapy, and age were risk factors for poor survival (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: In airway-compromised AEF patients, airway stents and nasogastric tubes are probably the preferred treatments. Airway stenting is tolerable, and routine weekly poststent bronchoscopy is needed in the first month and depending on respiratory symptoms thereafter.
For health, safety, and economic reasons there is a critical need for novel approaches to enhance the retention of new blood donors. The current study examines an innovative, theory-driven approach to retention by promoting intrinsic motivation to donate again among new blood donors. Self-determination theory (SDT) proposes that people are more likely to persist with behaviors that are internally versus externally motivated, and considerable research supports the notion that more internalized motivation is associated with better adherence in a variety of health contexts. Similar findings have also been reported in the blood donation context where measures of the extent to which a donor identity has been internalized are positively related to both donation intention and future donation behavior. Based on prior work, the investigators propose to test a multi-component intervention designed to enhance one, two, or all three of the fundamental human needs that contribute to internal motivation according to SDT (i.e., competence, autonomy, relatedness). Using a full factorial design, first-time donors will be randomly assigned to a control condition or an intervention that addresses one, two, or all three of the fundamental needs. The primary aim is to determine whether the intervention conditions, alone and in combination, increase the likelihood of a donation attempt in the next year. The second aim is to examine intervention-specific increases in competence, autonomy, and relatedness as potential mediators of enhanced donor retention. Finally, an exploratory aim will examine an integrative model of motivation that views autonomy as a mediating influence on the more proximal, situational-level determinants of behavior (i.e., attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention).
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Blood transfusion is a common therapeutic procedure in hospitalized patients. Red blood cell (RBC) units undergo various biochemical and morphological changes during storage (storage lesion). miRNAs have been studied intensively regarding cellular metabolic processes, but the effect of miRNAs on blood storage is not well defined.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed bioinformatics analysis on the public data set of miRNA expression of RBC based on R language, and performed the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis on the target genes of differentially expressed miRNA. The expression of miRNA differential genes in blood samples stored at different times was verified by qRT-PCR. Next, we used ELISA and qRT-PCR to verify the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-α in blood at day 1 and day 42. In addition, in vitro, we transfected macrophages with overexpressed miRNA, and the effects of overexpressed miRNA on macrophage polarization and the release of inflammatory factors were verified by flow cytometry and qRT-PCR and ELISA.
RESULTS: This study combined bioinformatics analysis and experiments to discover the differentially expressed miRNAs in long-term stored blood. The results showed that compared to fresh blood samples, the inflammatory factors were significantly doubled by ELISA, as well as the higher mRNA expression at 42 day. Experimentally verified that miR-33a-5p promoted the M1 type macrophage polarization and increased the release of related inflammatory factors through PPARα/ACC2/AMPK/CPT-1a axis regulation.
CONCLUSIONS: This study elucidates a potential mechanism of inflammatory factor accumulation in long-term stored blood, providing a theoretical basis and a potential target to prevent transfusion-related adverse reactions.
Weight Loss Agents

The safety and efficacy of venlafaxine therapy in combination with weight loss agents, including phentermine, have not been established. Coadministration of Venlafaxine Extended-Release Tablets and weight loss agents is not recommended. Venlafaxine Extended-Release Tablets are not indicated for weight loss alone or in combination with other products. 

Laboratory Test Interference

False-positive urine immunoassay screening tests for phencyclidine (PCP) and amphetamine have been reported in patients taking venlafaxine. This is due to lack of specificity of the screening tests. False positive test results may be expected for several days following discontinuation of venlafaxine therapy. Confirmatory tests, such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, will distinguish venlafaxine from PCP and amphetamine.
Body mass index (BMI), as an important risk factor related to metabolic disease. However, in some studies higher BMI was emphasized as a beneficial factor in the clinical course of patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a concept known as the "BMI paradox." The purpose of this study was to investigate how clinical outcomes of patients treated for AMI differed according to BMI levels. A total of 10,566 patients in the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institutes of Health (KAMIR-NIH) from May 2010 to June 2015 were divided into three BMI groups (group 1: BMI < 22 kg/m2, group 2: ≥ 22 and < 26 kg/m2, and group 3: ≥ 26 kg/m2). The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE) at 3 years of follow-up. At 1 year of follow-up, the incidence of MACCE in group 1 was 10.1% of that in group 3, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.27, and 6.5% in group 2, with an HR of 1.415. This tendency continued up to 3 years of follow-up. The study demonstrated that lower incidence of MACCE in the high BMI group of Asians during the 3-year follow-up period compared to the low BMI group. The results implied higher BMI could exert a positive effect on the long-term clinical outcomes of patients with AMI undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
BACKGROUND: The placement of clavicle tunnels in coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction is well established, but the optimal position of the coracoid tunnel remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate how the coracoid tunnel's position affects horizontal stability during coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction using a double-button technique.
METHODS: Fifteen fresh frozen shoulder cadaver specimens were tested under various conditions: intact coracoclavicular ligaments, disrupted ligaments, and reconstructions with a single coracoid and clavicle tunnel or double clavicle tunnels. The coracoid tunnel was positioned at the coracoid base 1/9, and 1/5 anterior to the base. Specimens underwent displacement-controlled loading, with 2D motion analysis conducted on captured digital images using TEMA motion analysis.
FINDINGS: Mean displacement for intact coracoclavicular ligaments was 1.61 ± 0.92 mm, and 3.69 ± 1.09 mm for disrupted ligaments. For reconstructed conditions, displacements were as follows: Single-Tunnel Base (1.87 ± 0.64 mm), Single-Tunnel 1/9 (2.54 ± 1.13 mm), Single-Tunnel 1/5 (2.62 ± 1.17 mm), Double-Tunnel Base (1.25 ± 0.73 mm), Double-Tunnel 1/9 (2.03 ± 1.22 mm), and Double-Tunnel 1/5 (1.88 ± 1.20 mm). Differences among intact, reconstructed, and disrupted states were statistically significant (p = 0.01-0.0001), with all reconstruction techniques restoring horizontal displacement near the intact state.
INTERPRETATION: At point zero both single coracoid tunnel and single- and double-clavicle tunnel restored horizontal displacement to its intact state. Coracoid tunnel placement anterior to the base of the coracoid did not influence horizontal displacement but single coracoid at the coracoid base and single clavicle tunnel resulted in the most anatomic reconstruction. Single coracoid tunnel at the base and double-clavicle resulted in the most stable reconstruction.
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating climacteric symptoms, and a preparation method thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating climacteric symptoms which comprises: 35-75 parts by weight of Pueraria thunbergiana Benth. roots; 3-15 parts by weight of Pueraria thunbergiana Benth. flowers; 3-15 parts by weight of Astragalus complanatus R. Br. seeds; 0.1-5 parts by weight of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi; 0.1-5 parts by weight of Coptis japonica Makino; 0.1-5 parts by weight of Phellodendron amurense Rupr barks; 0.1-5 parts by weight of Gardenia jasminoides fruits; 0.1-5 parts by weight of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge roots; and 5-35 parts by weight of Cynanchum wilfordii tuberous roots, and to a preparation method thereof which optimizes the effects of the pharmaceutical composition. The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention has superior treatment effects on climacteric symptoms, compared to existing medicinal herbs that have been used for a long time in traditional herbal medicine, and therefore, can be used to prevent or treat various disorders that pose health hazards to women post menopause.
BACKGROUND: Dyspnoea and cough can have a profound impact on the lives of patients with pulmonary fibrosis. We investigated the effects of nintedanib on the symptoms and impact of pulmonary fibrosis in patients with progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) in the INBUILD trial using the Living with Pulmonary Fibrosis (L-PF) questionnaire.
METHODS: Patients had a fibrosing interstitial lung disease (ILD) (other than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) of >10% extent on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and met criteria for ILD progression within the prior 24 months. Patients were randomised 1:1 to receive nintedanib or placebo. Changes in L-PF questionnaire scores from baseline to week 52 were assessed using mixed models for repeated measures.
RESULTS: In total, 663 patients were treated. Compared with placebo, there were significantly smaller increases (worsenings) in adjusted mean L-PF questionnaire total (0.5 versus 5.1), symptoms (1.3 versus 5.3), dyspnoea (4.3 versus 7.8) and fatigue (0.7 versus 4.0) scores in the nintedanib group at week 52. L-PF questionnaire cough score decreased in the nintedanib group and increased in the placebo group (-1.8 versus 4.3). L-PF questionnaire impacts score decreased slightly in the nintedanib group and increased in the placebo group (-0.2 versus 4.6). Similar findings were observed in patients with a usual interstitial pneumonia-like fibrotic pattern on HRCT and in patients with other fibrotic patterns on HRCT.
CONCLUSION: Based on changes in L-PF questionnaire scores, nintedanib reduced worsening of dyspnoea, fatigue and cough and the impacts of ILD over 52 weeks in patients with PPF.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new compound having platelet aggregation inhibiting action. SOLUTION: This compound is represented by formula I [R<1> and R<2> are each H, a lower alkyl, etc.; R<3> is H, a lower alkyl, a lower alkenyl, etc.; R<4> is H, a lower alkyl, etc.; R<5> is H, etc.; P and Q are each a lower alkyl or P and Q form a cycloalkyl together with C; X is N or C; Y1 and Y2 are each H, a lower alkyl, a halogen, etc.; (m) is 0-2] or its salt, e.g. N-(N-4- amidinobenzoyl-α, α-dimethyl-β-alanyl)-4-piperidine acetate. The compound of formula I is obtained by binding an amidinobenzoic part of formula II to a substituted β-amino acid residue part of formula III and a pyridine or piperazine part of formula IV.  The compound of formula I is competitive to a fibrinogen receptor and exhibits a high platelet aggregation inhibiting action and is excellent in no influence on the stability of an in vivo proteolytic enzyme and in oral absorbing property. The compound is effective in improvement of platelet thrombosis, thromboembolism and re-occlusion, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac infarction and peripheral circulation blood flow.
The participant received automated nasal oxygen titration administered by a closed loop system (FreeO2) during the 3-min constant speed shuttle test (3-min CSST) and endurance shuttle walking test (ESWT). The objective of this system is maintain SpO2 a the pre-specified target level (94% in this study) with an automatic adjustment of oxygen flow second by second.
It is known that the perception of bitterness is mediated by type 2 bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs). However, recent reports have suggested that the carbonic anhydrase 6 (CA6) gene may also influence bitterness sensing. Genetic variants in these genes could influence dietary intake of brassica vegetables, whose increased consumption has been observed in the literature, though inconsistently, to decrease breast cancer (BC) risk. We hypothesized that the estimated odds ratios (ORs) for the association between BC and taster diplotype (PAV/PAV) and/or genotype A/A, will be in the direction of increased BC risk, potentially due to reduced consumption of brassica vegetables. Using a case-control study of BC in Polish women in Poland (210 cases and 262 controls) and Polish immigrant women to USA (78 cases and 170 controls) we evaluated the association of the taster diplotypes in TAS2R38 gene and genotypes in the CA6 gene and BC risk in these two populations individually and jointly. No significant increase in risk was observed for the TAS2R38 PAV/PAV diplotype (tasters) in each population individually or in the joint population. For the CA6 gene, in the joint population, we observed an increased BC risk for the combined G/A and G/G genotypes (non-tasters) vs A/A (tasters), OR = 1.41 (95% CI 1.04-1.90, p = 0.026) which after adjustment for False Discovery Rate (FDR), was not significant at p≤0.05 level. However, for the joint population and for the combined genotype of the two genes AVI/AVI+G* (non-tasters) vs. PAV/*+A/A (tasters), we observed a significant increase in BC risk, OR = 1.77 (95%CI 1.47-2.74, p = 0.01), for the non-tasters, which remained significant after FDR adjustment. In conclusion for the joint population and the joint effect for the two bitter sensing genes, we observed an increase in BC risk for the bitterness non-tasters, association which is in the opposite direction to our original hypothesis.
PCT No. PCT/AU92/00124 Sec. 371 Date Nov. 17, 1993 Sec. 102(e) Date Nov. 17, 1993 PCT Filed Mar. 25, 1992 PCT Pub. No. WO92/17165 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 15, 1992The invention provides a pharmaceutical or veterinary implant, which when parenterally administered releases a pulse of at least one biologically active material at a controllable time interval after implantation. The implant comprises the biologically active material; an excipient comprising at least one water soluble material and at least one water insoluble material; and a polymer film coating adapted to rupture at a predetermined period of time after implantation, and wherein the excipients and polymers are biocompatible. The biologically active material is selected from the group consisting of antigens, antibodies, hormones, growth promotants, antibiotics, nutrients, minerals and vitamins. Preferably the excipient comprises a combination of two or more water-soluble and water-insoluble materials.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a testosterone-5α-reductase inhibitor, a proliferation promotor of external root sheath cell and a hair growing agent.  <P>SOLUTION: The testosterone-5α-reductase inhibitor, the proliferation promotor of external root sheath cell and the hair growing agent each comprises TOCHU, MOUZUIKA, spores of REISHI and an extract of black yeast. The TOCHU used in the present invention is deciduous tall tree of the genus Eucommia of the family Eucommiaceae and the scientific name is Eucommia ulmoides OLIV. The MOUZUIKA is a plant contained in the genus Verbascum of the family Scrophulariaceae and includes Verbascum thapsus L. Spores of REISHI are spores of mushroom belonging to the genus Ganoderma of the family Polyporaceae, and commercially available spores of Ganoderma lucidum or Ganoderma japonicum (Fr.) Lloyd. can be utilized as the spores. The scientific name of the black yeast is Aureobasidium pullulans and a fungal cell proliferated by acquiring fungal strain subdivided by fare-paying services and culturing the fungal strain or its culture solution can be utilized as the black yeast.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide hydrated gel for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.  <P>SOLUTION: The invention relates to hydrated gel for the treatment of atopic dermatitis containing a biocompatible polymer, a polyhydric alcohol and a medicinal herb extract. The hydrated gel can continuously deliver a drug, give refreshing feeling, and moderately absorb exuded liquid and has excellent gel strength and enables the prevention of bacterial infection. Furthermore, it satisfies the preservability and sterilizing effect at the same time by the exposure to radiation, is absolutely free from the problem of residual toxicity owing to the absence of the use of residual starting agent and a crosslinking agent, and is easily applicable to the skin and easily handleable. By the addition of a laminate of a hydrophilic nonwoven fabric and an air-permeating polyethylene film, the gel has suppressed moisture release to attain a moisturizing effect and, accordingly, it is effectively usable for the treatment of contact dermatitis or atopic dermatitis.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Patients and companions of intervention group receive a form on which to write their reply to the following request: "Please indicate the arguments which you want to discuss today with your oncologist" and the prompt sheet. An introduction explains the importance of asking questions during the consultations. The patient (companion) is invited to select among a written list of about 50 possible questions those, if any, s/he would like to ask today to the oncology.