anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Chlorothiazide Sodium for Injection, USP is a diuretic and antihypertensive. It is 6-chloro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide monosodium salt and its molecular weight is 317.71. Its empirical formula is C7H5ClN3NaO4S2 and its structural formula is: 

Chlorothiazide Sodium for Injection, USP is a sterile lyophilized white powder and is supplied in a vial containing: Chlorothiazide sodium equivalent to chlorothiazide 500 mg, and the inactive ingredient mannitol 250 mg with sodium hydroxide to adjust pH. 

Chlorothiazide is a diuretic and antihypertensive. It is 6-chloro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide. Its empirical formula is C7H6ClN3O4S2 and its structural formula is: 

It is a white, or practically white, crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 295.72, which is very slightly soluble in water, but readily soluble in dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide. It is soluble in urine to the extent of about 150 mg per 100 mL at pH 7.
Disclosed herein is a personal care composition that exhibits excellent cleaning quality without the use or inclusion of sulfated surfactants. Typically, the personal care compositions described herein contain from about 0.01% to about 0.05% by weight aloe vera. Aloe vera may contain salts, which may further increase aloe vera synergy, making aloe vera more useful to deliver consumer-desired benefits such as increased hair strength, as evidenced by a reduction in hair breakage that occurs during washing. Aloe vera may contain from about 100mg/100g (aloe) to about 300mg/100g (aloe) of a material selected from the group consisting of: sodium, potassium, calcium, zinc, magnesium, copper salts, and mixtures thereof. In addition, the personal care compositions described herein contain a cationic cellulose polymer. The cationic cellulose polymer may have a weight average molecular weight of about 1,000,000 to about 2,200,000 and about 1,800,000 to about 2,000,000; and a charge density of about 0.4 to about 2.6, about 0.4 to about 2, and about 0.6 to about 1.6.
The purpose of this single-center study is to evaluate the potential analgesic effects of a single oral dose of JNJ-39439335 (50 mg), an investigational drug being developed for the treatment of pain, in patients with chronic osteoarthritis pain of the knee. The study will also evaluate the pain treatment response assessments and methods being used in this study. Naproxen (500 mg) will be used as the active control. The hypothesis of the study is that a single 50 mg oral dose of JNJ-39439335 will be superior to placebo in relieving pain in patients with osteoarthritis knee pain following exercise. Patients will receive JNJ-39439335 , placebo (an inactive substance, like a sugar pill), or naproxen (500 mg) in the clinic on Days 1, 15, and 29, based on the randomly assigned (like flipping a coin) treatment sequence. Patients will stay in the clinic for pain assessments up to 4 hours post-dose. At 6 hours post-dose, patients will be discharged from the clinic. Patients will then take naproxen (500 mg) or matching placebo at 12 hours post-dose and continue taking naproxen (500 mg) or matching placebo every 12 hours for the following 6 days. During the study, starting from the first screening visit, patients will be required to discontinue all pain medication and will be encouraged not to take any rescue medication (quick-relief or fast-acting medications that work immediately to relieve pain), especially during the dosing periods, for up to 6 days after each in-clinic study drug dosing on Day 1, Day 15, and Day 29, respectively. When needed, patients may take paracetamol (500 mg per dose for up to a maximum of 2 grams per day) as rescue medication; however, patients are required not to take any rescue medication starting from 12 hours before through 6 hours after the in-clinic dosing on Day 1, Day 15, and Day 29, respectively. Patients' pain will be evaluated for each of the 3 treatments. Safety assessments, including vital signs, physical exams, electrocardiograms and clinical lab tests will be performed at timepoints throughout the patients' study participation. Patients will receive JNJ-39439335 (50 mg), placebo, or naproxen (500 mg) oral tablets on Days 1, 15, and 29, based on the assigned treatment sequence. At 12 hours postdose, patients in the naproxen treatment arm will start self-administering naproxen (500 mg) twice daily for 6 days while patients in the placebo or the JNJ-39439335 treatment arm will take placebo twice daily for 6 days.
BACKGROUND: Bladder leiomyomas are rare benign growths in the bladder, comprising less than 0.5% of bladder tumors with only 250 cases reported globally. They are more common in women. This case involves a 70-year-old woman with recurrent leiomyoma, presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms and painless hematuria. A recurrent bladder leiomyoma is rarely reported, making its presence exceptionally rare.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 70-year-old Pakistani woman with hypertension and diabetes presented with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and painless hematuria. She had a history of similar symptoms in 2010, leading to a diagnosis of bladder leiomyoma via cystoscopy and biopsy. Imaging studies revealed a substantial 3.7 × 4 × 4.0 cm isodense mass with calcifications at the bladder base, along with bladder wall thickening and diverticula. Pathological examination during Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor (TURBT) confirmed the presence of bladder tissue with smooth muscle, ruling out malignancy. Immunohistochemical studies supported the diagnosis. A successful TURBT was performed, and the patient recovered well.
DISCUSSION: Recurrent bladder leiomyoma is a rarely-discussed topic in medical literature. This article primarily aims to review existing studies and present a detailed case study, shedding light on this rare phenomenon.
Recently, emerging evidence has identified that stress-induced activation of neuroinflammation is considered to be one of the most prevalently precipitating factors in the pathogenesis of depression. Data from clinical trials and experimental findings has verified the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the prevention and treatment of depression. However, the mechanism of the preventive effect of acupuncture for depression has not been fully elucidated. The current study aimed to investigate the preventive effect and mechanism of acupuncture through modulating the neuroinflammation mediated by toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway in rats exposed to chronic restraint stress (CRS). All rats were subjected to CRS for 21 days, with the exception of rats in control group. One hour before CRS, rats in acupuncture group were exposed to acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) and Yintang (GV29). The depression-like behaviors were evaluated by body weight assessment and sucrose preference test at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days. The expression of activated microglia in hippocampus was detected by immunofluorescence. The expression of key proteins on TLR4 signaling pathway of TLR4, MyD88, TRAF6, NF-κB p65, TNF-α, and mRNA of TLR4 in the hippocampus was detected by western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to investigate the effect of acupuncture on stress-induced activation of neuroinflammation. The present study provided evidence that acupuncture exerted potential preventive effect that might be mediated in part by suppressing the neuroinflammation induced by TLR4 signaling pathway, which may be a promising treatment target to improve current treatments for depression.
BACKGROUND: Acute appendicitis is a common cause of abdominal pain leading to emergent abdominal surgery in children. C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory marker typically elevated in acute appendicitis, and Pediatric Appendicitis Score (PAS), a clinical scoring system used for the diagnosis of appendicitis, have the potential to predict the severity of inflammation of the appendix. This may be useful in helping the physician make a treatment plan prior to surgery.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess whether CRP value and PAS differ with the extent of inflammation of the appendix seen on histologic examination.
METHODS: This was a prospective observational study of patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis via computed tomography or ultrasound. Enrolled patients had CRP levels drawn, PAS calculated, and appendix pathology reviewed. Appendix pathology was categorized by the pathologist on the basis of the level of inflammation: simple, suppurative, gangrenous, and perforated.
RESULTS: One hundred sixty-three patients were enrolled. CRP levels and PAS were statistically different (p < 0.002) among the four pathology classifications. Patients with simple appendicitis (n = 3) had a mean CRP of 2.95 mg/L and PAS of 3.9, patients with suppurative appendicitis (n = 99) had a mean CRP of 26.89 mg/L and PAS of 6.5, patients with gangrenous appendicitis (n = 56) had a mean CRP of 91.11 mg/L and PAS of 7.5, and patients with perforated appendicitis (n = 6) had a mean CRP of 154.17 mg/L and PAS of 7. The results remained statistically significant (p < 0.002) after adjusting for age, race, and sex. When combined-PAS ≥ 8 and CRP level > 40 mg/L-the specificity of complicated appendicitis was 91.2% and positive predictive value was 72.7%.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher CRP levels and PAS were associated with increased histologic inflammation of the appendix. This study provides preliminary evidence that CRP and PAS could potentially assist in treatment decisions for appendicitis.
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to oncology and radiology, and can find application in treating the patients suffering cerebral malignancies. The method for determining the indications for a radiation therapy in the patients by prediction of the effectiveness including blood sampling, gamma-irradiation of a portion of this sample in vitro, incubation of the irradiated and non-irradiated portions of the blood samples, staining of the DNA components of both blood portions with a DNA-specific fluorescent dye, leukocyte count in the irradiated portion of the blood sample, leukocyte count in the non-irradiated blood sample, staining of all DNA containing blood components, determination of DIthat is the DNA amount in all the DNA containing blood components at one leukocyte of the irradiated portion of the sample and DIthat is the DNA amount in all the DNA containing blood components at one leukocyte of the irradiated portion of the blood sample, calculation of DI/DI. Blood is sampled additionally, added with an aqueous solution containing ferrous iron ions in the concentration of 50-75 mg/l in the amount of 8-14% of the blood sample amount. The additional blood sample is then incubated for 15-30 minutes that is followed by gamma irradiation of a portion of the additional blood sample. Then the irradiated and non-irradiated portions of the additional blood sample are incubated for 2.5-3.5 hours with leukocyte counting in the irradiated and non-irradiated portions of the additional blood sample, staining of the all DNA containing components of the portions of the additional blood sample and determination of DIthat is the DNA amount in all the DNA containing components of the additional blood sample at one leukocyte of the irradiated portion of the blood sample and DIthat is the DNA amount in all the DNA containing components of the additional blood sample at one leukocyte of the non-irradiated portion of the blood sample. Then, the relation DI/DIis calculated, and if observing DI/DI> DI/DIbeing 20-35% and DI/DI>1, the radiation therapy is considered to be indicated.EFFECT: invention provides higher effectiveness of the method used for determining the indications for the radiation therapy in the patients suffering glioblastomas.2 ex
FIELD: cosmetics. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the topic composition involving hydrophilic carrier and individual solid substance which were mixed before using. Solid substance consists of powder-like ascorbic acid and carrier involves an aqueous medium and at least one hydrophilic gel-forming agent. The latter exhibits resistance to acid compound addition. Carrier (L) is packaged in vessel (I) closed with stopper (3,6) with ascorbic acid (P) and and/or removable spacer (5) is placed between acid and carrier. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of composition, improved method of treatment.
Despite being the most common abdominal surgical emergency, the cause of acute appendicitis (AA) remains unclear, since in recent decades little progress has been made regarding its etiology. Obstruction of the appendicular lumen has been traditionally presented as the initial event of AA; however, this is often the exception rather than the rule, as experimental data suggest that obstruction is not an important causal factor in AA, despite possibly occurring as a consequence of the inflammatory process. Type I hypersensitivity reaction has been extensively studied, involving Th2 lymphocytes, and cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13, which have well-defined functions, such as a positive-feedback effect on Th0 for differentiating into Th2 cells, recruitment of eosinophils and the release of eosinophilic proteins and the production of IgE with the activation of mast cells, with the release of proteins from their granules. Cytotoxic activity and tissue damage will be responsible for the clinical manifestation of the allergy. AA histological features are similar to those found in allergic reactions like asthma. The intestine has all the components for an allergic immune response. It has contact with hundreds of antigens daily, most of them harmless, but some can potentially induce an allergic response. In recent years, researchers have been trying to assess if allergy is a component of AA, with their latest advances in the understanding of AA as a Th2 reaction shown by the authors of this article.
The present invention relates to an improved controlled delivery system that can be incorporated in soap bars to enhance deposition of active ingredients and sensory markers onto skin. The carrier system also provides controlled release or prolonged release of these actives from the skin over an extended period of time. The controlled delivery system of the present invention comprises substantially free-flowing, powder formed of solid hydrophobic, positively charged, nanospheres of encapsulated active ingredients, that are encapsulated in moisture sensitive microspheres. The high cationic charge density of the nanosphere improves deposition of active ingredients onto skin. The high cationic charge density on the nanosphere surface is created by incorporating a cationic conditioning agent into the solid hydrophobic matrix of the nanospheres, by incorporating a cationic charge “booster” in the moisture sensitive microsphere matrix, or by using a cationic conditioning agent in the nanosphere matrix in conjunction with a cationic charge “booster” in the microsphere matrix. The invention also pertains to soap products comprising the controlled release system of the present invention.
The present invention relates to the treatment and the diagnosis of the hereditary xerocytosis (HX). The inventors showed that in case of HX due to mutations in PIEZO1, KCNN4 activation is responsible for erythrocyte dehydration, and that said dehydration is reversed by the inhibition of the Gardos channel (KCNN4 protein). Thus the invention relates to an inhibitor of the Gardos channel for use in the treatment of HX in a subject which is the carrier of at least one mutation of the PIEZO1 gene. Particularly, the inventors demonstrated that Senicapoc is efficient to prevent dehydration of patient erythrocytes with PIEZO mutation. They also identified that mutations V598M or F681S of the PIEZO1 channel lead to a gain of function of the channel and participate in HX physiopathology. Thus the present invention also relates to an in vitro method of diagnosing HX, comprising the detection in a biological sample of the presence of any one of these mutations.
TRULANCE is contraindicated in pediatric patients less than 6 years of age. Avoid use of TRULANCE in patients 6 years to less than 18 years of age [see Contraindications (4), Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. The safety and effectiveness of TRULANCE in patients less than 18 years of age have not been established. 

In nonclinical studies, deaths occurred within 24 hours in young juvenile mice (human age equivalent of approximately 1 month to less than 2 years) following oral administration of plecanatide, as described below in Juvenile Animal Toxicity Data. Because of increased intestinal expression of GC-C, patients less than 6 years of age may be more likely than patients 6 years of age and older to develop diarrhea and its potentially serious consequences. TRULANCE is contraindicated in patients less than 6 years of age. Given the deaths in young juvenile mice and the lack of clinical safety and efficacy data in pediatric patients, avoid the use of TRULANCE in patients 6 years to less than 18 years of age.

Juvenile Animal Toxicity Data

Single oral doses of plecanatide at 0.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg caused mortality in young juvenile mice on postnatal days 7 and 14, respectively (human age equivalent of approximately 1 month to less than 2 years). Treatment-related increases in the weight of intestinal contents were observed in juvenile mice following single doses of plecanatide on postnatal day 14 (human age equivalent of approximately less than 2 years), consistent with increased fluid in the intestinal lumen. Although the recommended human dose is approximately 0.05 mg/kg/day, based on a 60-kg body weight, plecanatide and its active metabolite are not measurable in adult human plasma, whereas systemic absorption was demonstrated in the juvenile animal toxicity studies. Animal and human doses should not be compared directly for evaluating relative exposure.
PURPOSE:To provide a macrophage activating agent containing a styrenemaleic acid copolymer or its half-ester derivative (some of which are novel) as an active component, capable of activating macrophage and useful for the prevention and remedy of malignant tumor. CONSTITUTION:The objective agent contains a styrene-maleic acid copolymer or its half-ester derivative as an active component. The half-ester derivative is e.g. a half-alkyl or half-alkoxyethyl-ester derivative (alkyl and alkoxy are 1-8C straight or branched chain group), and some of the derivatives are novel. It has been known that the gydrogen peroxide produced ultimately by macrophage via a superoxide has antitumor activity. In view of the above findings, the copolymer or ester capable of activating macrophage and having excellent effect to produce the oxygen metabolite, is used as a carcinostatic agent or an agent to promote the activity of other carcinostatic agents.
They (n=29) will take febuxostat 20 mg once daily for 12 months. Randomization is stratified based on the urinary urate excretion rate (≤5.5% vs. \>5.5%).
FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention concerns medicine area, namely to peroral medicinal forms on a basis of biphosphonates, containing safe and effective quantity of the pharmaceutical composition containing biphosphonate, chelated agent and an agent for effective delivery of a pharmaceutical composition in the bottom gastroenteric tract of a mammal, and also pharmaceutically active biphosphonate absorption together with nutrition or drinks or without them. The present invention essentially reduces interaction between biphosphonates and nutrition or a drink, which (interaction) leads to that active biphosphonate component is not accessible to absorption. The final peroral medicinal form can be accepted both with food, and without it. Further, the present invention influences delivery biphosphonate and chelated agent in a bottom of GI tract, essentially reducing irritation of top of the GI tract, bound with biphosphonate therapy. ^ EFFECT: maintenance of fuller observance with the patient of a regimen biphosphonate therapy. ^ 23 cl, 20 ex
Sleep regulates immune functions. In this sense, we asked whether shift workers (morning, afternoon or night) vaccinated against hepatitis A would have some humoral and cellular response impairment. Men (18 to 55 years) will be recruited through different forms of media (electronic, newspapers, radio and magazines). The shift workers sleep pattern will be recorded polysomnographically. Subsequently, the volunteers will be underwent vaccination against hepatitis A (2 doses) and after 30, 60 and 90 days, blood samples will be collected to assess the humoral response in the experimental groups. The hormones prolactin, growth hormone, cortisol, adrenaline and noradrenaline will also be evaluated. Indeed, stimulations in culture will be conducted to assess the cellular response profile against the vaccination through the production assessment of IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-2 and TNF-α.
Patients receive cyclosporine PO BID on days 1-5, verapamil hydrochloride PO QID on days 1-5, and brentuximab vedotin IV over 30 minutes on day 1. Courses repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
A method is disclosed for retrieving information about a medical image (A1-A4) presented at a user interface (1) of a processing unit of the medical imaging system. In at least one embodiment, the method includes: display of a reference (i) to at least one video (V1-V4) stored on the processing unit and integrated into the user interface (1); activation of the reference (i) and selection of the video (V1-V4) by a user and playing of the video. The video (V1-V4) contains demand-specific and context-related information and/or operating instructions for the user. A processing unit of a medical imaging system is also disclosed. In an embodiment, it includes a memory unit and program code stored in the memory unit. The program code is embodied such that a medical image (A1-A4) of the patient is output at the user interface (1) of the processing unit.
The invention provides a method for preparing an antioxidant from ginkgo leaf waste residues, and relates to resource utilization of solid wastes. The invention adopts dilute alkali solution to obtain the extract under mild conditions, and obtains the antioxidant through post-treatment. The method deeply utilizes active ingredients in the ginkgo leaf waste residue, and has the advantages of mild extraction conditions, simple and easy implementation and environment-friendly extraction process. The method mainly comprises three main steps of ginkgo leaf waste residue pretreatment, heating reflux and freeze drying. Taking ginkgo leaf powder, adding NaOH aqueous alkali with the liquid-solid ratio of 10-30 (mL/g), wherein the mass concentration of the aqueous alkali is 0.02-0.5%, and heating and refluxing for 30-120 min at the temperature of 60-100 ℃. After heating, the sample was filtered to obtain a filtrate. And washing filter residues by using clear water until the pH value of the washing liquid reaches 8. And combining the filtrate with the washing liquid, evaporating under reduced pressure, and freeze-drying the concentrated liquid to obtain the antioxidant. The antioxidant yield obtained is up to 13.89%, and the minimum concentration required for achieving 50% DPPH free radical clearance is 9.8 mg/mL.
A device and method for radioembolization in the treatment of cancer cells in the body. In preferred embodiments, a radiomicrosphere is formed from a resin where an alpha emitting isotope is used for tumoricidal purposes. As the alpha emitter decays, daughters of the alpha decay are captured by the resin. In further embodiments, the device comprises at least two isotopes; wherein a first isotope is for therapeutic purposes and a second isotope is for dosimetric purposes. The second isotope is a positron emitter for PET based dosimetry. In preferred embodiments, a post-treatment radiation absorbed dose is determined using the present invention, allowing both treatment and treatment efficacy to be provided to a cancer patient.