anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Fusarium head blight (FHB) remains one of the most destructive diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), causing considerable losses in yield and end-use quality. Phenotyping of FHB resistance traits, Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK), and deoxynivalenol (DON), is either prone to human biases or resource expensive, hindering the progress in breeding for FHB-resistant cultivars. Though genomic selection (GS) can be an effective way to select these traits, inaccurate phenotyping remains a hurdle in exploiting this approach. Here, we used an artificial intelligence (AI)-based precise FDK estimation that exhibits high heritability and correlation with DON. Further, GS using AI-based FDK (FDK_QVIS/FDK_QNIR) showed a two-fold increase in predictive ability (PA) compared to GS for traditionally estimated FDK (FDK_V). Next, the AI-based FDK was evaluated along with other traits in multi-trait (MT) GS models to predict DON. The inclusion of FDK_QNIR and FDK_QVIS with days to heading as covariates improved the PA for DON by 58% over the baseline single-trait GS model. We next used hyperspectral imaging of FHB-infected wheat kernels as a novel avenue to improve the MT GS for DON. The PA for DON using selected wavebands derived from hyperspectral imaging in MT GS models surpassed the single-trait GS model by around 40%. Finally, we evaluated phenomic prediction for DON by integrating hyperspectral imaging with deep learning to directly predict DON in FHB-infected wheat kernels and observed an accuracy (R2 = 0.45) comparable to best-performing MT GS models. This study demonstrates the potential application of AI and vision-based platforms to improve PA for FHB-related traits using genomic and phenomic selection.
An anti-inflammatory diet is characterised by incorporating foods with potential anti-inflammatory properties, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, legumes, spices, herbs and plant-based protein. Concurrently, pro-inflammatory red and processed meat, refined carbohydrates and saturated fats are limited. This article explores the effects of an anti-inflammatory diet on non-communicable diseases (NCD), concentrating on the underlying mechanisms that connect systemic chronic inflammation, dietary choices and disease outcomes. Chronic inflammation is a pivotal contributor to the initiation and progression of NCD. This review provides an overview of the intricate pathways through which chronic inflammation influences the pathogenesis of conditions including obesity, type II diabetes mellitus, CVD, autoinflammatory diseases, cancer and cognitive disorders. Through a comprehensive synthesis of existing research, we aim to identify some bioactive compounds present in foods deemed anti-inflammatory, explore their capacity to modulate inflammatory pathways and, consequently, to prevent or manage NCD. The findings demonstrated herein contribute to an understanding of the interplay between nutrition, inflammation and chronic diseases, paving a way for future dietary recommendations and research regarding preventive or therapeutic strategies.
1407720 Carrier bound macromolecular compounds BOEHRINGER MANNHEIM GmbH 4 Dec 1973 [8 Dec 1972] 56025/73 Headings C3H and C3P Carrier bound macromolecular compounds (e.g. protein, nucleic acid, peptide, porphyrin, haemin, phosphatide, cerebroside, ganglyoside or glycoside, e.g. enzymes, antibodies or hormones) covalently bound on to the surface of a polymer body which permeates a molecular sieve body are obtained by reacting a macromolecular compound A with a compound B which contains at least one function capable of coupling with the macromolecular compound A and at least one further function capable of polymerization, whereafter there is added a molecular sieve material in wholly or partially unswollen state, the degree of cross-linking of which excludes the macromolecular compound A, and the polymerizable group of the coupled product AB is then polymerized in the molecular sieve material. The compound B may comprise a group which alkylates or acylates the macromolecular compound and as the polymerizable group a carbon-carbon or carbon-oxygen double bond. The coupling function may be an oxirane, ethyleneimine, halide, acid halide, azide or anhydride group and may, for example have the formula in which R 1  is a mono- or polyunsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical optionally containing one oxo group adjacent to a double bond and R 2  is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl radical. Compound B is preferably acryloyl chloride, allyl bromide, maleic anhydride, maleic acid azide, 1-allyloxy-3-(N-ethyleneimine) - propan - 2 - ol, acrylic acid 2,3 - epoxypropyl ester, but-2,3-ene oxide, methacrylic acid-2,3-epoxypropyl ester, maleic acid 2,3- epoxypropyl monoester, fumaric acid epoxy-(2, 3-epoxypropyl ester), fumaric acid epoxy-(2,3- epoxypropyl diester), fumaric acid epoxy-(2,3- epoxypropyl diester) or 1-allyloxy-2,3-epoxybutane. The molecular sieve material is advantageously cross-linked dextran, cross-linked polyacrylamide or cross-linked agar. In the examples glucose oxidase is coupled to an acrylamide/N,N<SP>1</SP>-methylene bis-acrylamide copolymer obtained by polymerization thereof using ammonium peroxydisulphate or to a cyanogen bromide activated cross-linked dextran gel. Poly A is attached to a polyacrylamide/N,N<SP>1</SP>- methylene bis-acrylamide copolymer.
Metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are abnormal conditions that result from disturbances of metabolism. With the improvement of living conditions, the morbidity and mortality rates of metabolic diseases are steadily rising, posing a significant threat to human health worldwide. Therefore, identifying novel effective targets for metabolic diseases is crucial. Accumulating evidence has indicated that disulfide bond A oxidoreductase-like protein (DsbA-L) delays the development of metabolic diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms of DsbA-L in metabolic diseases remain unclear. In this review, we will discuss the roles of DsbA-L in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, and NAFLD, and highlight the potential mechanisms. These findings suggest that DsbA-L might provide a novel therapeutic strategy for metabolic diseases.
BACKGROUND: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are questionnaires designed to assess a patient's perception of their medical condition. The 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcomes Test (SNOT-22), the Rhinosinusitis Disability Index (RSDI) and the mini-Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (MiniRQLQ) are validated PROMs commonly used to assess rhinologic conditions. The objective of this study is to determine if responses on these PROMs may be influenced by priming respondents with positive or negative health-related questionnaires.
METHODS: Nine hundred patients were prospectively randomized to one of nine groups. Groups A, D and G were positively primed prior to completing the SNOT-22, the RSDI and MiniRQLQ, respectively. Groups B, E, and H were negatively primed. Groups C, F, and I served as control groups, completing the PROMs without priming. Priming was performed by administering a survey designed to make patients think about their health-related quality of life in a positive or negative way.
RESULTS: Patients who were primed negatively had statistically significantly worse scores on the SNOT-22, RSDI and MiniRQLQ when compared to patients who were primed positively. When compared to the control group, patients who were primed negatively had statistically worse scores on the SNOT-22 and RSDI. There was no significant difference in scores between the positive priming and the control groups for any PROM.
CONCLUSIONS: Priming subjects regarding their health-related quality of life impacts their responses on rhinologic PROMs. Further study is required to understand the clinical and research implications of this novel finding and to clarify the optimal manner for administering and interpreting PROMs.
According to the National Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center, 12,000 patients experience acute spinal cord injury (SCI) in the United States annually. It is reported that 16% to 55% of patients with a cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) present with dysphagia which compromises their ability to eat and drink safely as well as their quality of life. Based on previous research, Dysphagia can also result in respiratory complications, particularly pneumonia, which is the most common cause of death in cervical SCI patients. The contribution of swallowing impairment, and associated aspiration risks, to respiratory illnesses and mortality in patients with SCI are unknown. As a first step, the investigators will identify the nature (type of swallowing impairment such as swallow delay, pharyngeal residue, penetration or aspiration) and frequency of occurrence of swallowing impairments in elderly patients with injury to the cervical spinal region. Further, the investigators will determine the effects of standard medical care, specifically, surgical bracing, on swallow function in patients post-cervical SCI.

Patients with SCI present with a range of impairments in the oral and pharyngeal phases of the swallow. These result both from the effects of trauma and medical/surgical management of injury on anatomy and physiology of the swallow mechanism. Earlier studies postulate that Acute SCI can result in reduced base of tongue movement, delayed pharyngeal swallow response, decreased hyolaryngeal excursion with subsequent decrease in cricopharyngeal opening, and pharyngeal wall dysfunction. These swallowing impairments are particularly devastating in older patients who lack the functional reserve to overcome these neuroanatomical insults. Consequently, there is an increased prevalence of dysphagia in the elderly patients with SCI.

Medical and surgical management of SCI can also negatively impact swallow function. Many patients will require neck immobilization following injury. Neck extension, chin or head retraction secondary to cervical bracing may increase the risk or severity of dysphagia by changing the mechanics of swallowing. In addition, fixation at a ninety-degree angle limits the natural flexion or range of movement a patient employs during deglutition. Studies have found that cervical orthoses impacts swallowing physiology in healthy adults. An earlier study reported changes in point of initiation of the swallow, laryngeal penetration, pharyngeal residue and hyoid bone movement. One would expect changes to be more significant in patients with dysphagia, and likely more remarkable in the elderly population who unfortunately, have the highest incidence of cervical SCI. Given the risk factors for dysphagia and pulmonary complications in this population, it is imperative that thorough evaluation of oral-pharyngeal swallow function be completed. However, there is little research addressing the impact of cervical bracing on patients with dysphagia at any age. The study team here aims to determine if cervical bracing contributes to severity of dysphagia.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a chloride channel. Most CF mutations either reduce the number of CFTR channels at the cell surface (synthesis or processing mutations) or impair channel function (gating or conductance mutations). Ivacaftor (Kalydeco, VX-770) is a novel, FDA approved new therapy that addresses CFTR dysfunctions in subjects with CF and "gating mutations", specifically; it potentiates CFTR channel function. For mutations like G551D that permit CFTR expression at the cell membrane but compromise its activity, Ivacaftor increases the probability that the channel is open and active. In previous randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trials, Ivacaftor treatment resulted in clinically significantly improvements in pulmonary function, weight and body mass index (BMI), and significant decreases in sweat chloride reflective of increased CFTR activity. The improvements in lung function and weight occurred over the first 8 weeks of treatment, plateaued and were sustained over the 48 weeks of the trial. The mechanism for the rapid and sustained weight gain is not known. Several mechanisms are considered in this proposal which may result in improved energy balance and energy utilization, and weight gain. These include decreased resting energy expenditure, increased energy and fat absorption from the gut, improved pancreatic enzyme and pH secretion, and increased energy intake. Improvements in weight and BMI status are expected to result from this improvement in energy balance and utilization, with potential beneficial effects on muscle mass and function and quality of life.
A comfortable position was achieved by placing a rolled towel on the front of the ankle. The roller was massaged along with the plantar flexors for 30 seconds. The movement of the cylinder from bottom to top and from top to bottom was done for a second. Three repetitions were completed (3x30sec) with a 15-second rest break. For the pressure of the roller to be stable during the application, the numbered pain scale was shown to the participants, and attention was paid to ensure that the perceived severity was 7/10 according to the numbered pain scale. Participants with dry skin in the application area were asked to moisturize with cream beforehand to avoid complications.
Patients randomized to the thiamine arm will receive thiamine 500mg in 100mL of normal saline intravenously every 12 hours for 5 doses. Patients will be connected to a noninvasive monitor for measurement of global oxygen consumption (VO2) for at least 48 hours or until extubated, whichever comes first. Blood will be drawn at 0,6,12,24,72 and 168 hours for measurement of lactate, thiamine level, pyruvate dehydrogenase, NSE, S100 and other markers of organ injury. CPC-E score will be assessed prior to hospital discharge and at 30 and 90 days to evaluate differences in neurologic and functional impairment.
This invention relates to the discovery of a new type of bleaching formula with the active bleaching ingredient: dioxirane. Dioxiranes are organic compounds with a triple ring structure that contain one carbon and two oxygen atoms in the rings. Surprisingly, dioxiranes can bleach teeth (whitening). The required quantities of dioxirane are lower than the substance that is normally used (hydrogen peroxide), with a similar bleaching result. Dioxiranes are also more selective bleaching agents than hydrogen peroxide in spite of their lipophilic nature. The selectivity and the low dosage increase the safety of the bleaching procedure for patients. Dioxiranes can be used for both single and multiple phase bleaching procedures and can be combined with enzymatic bleaching steps and procedures whereby use is made of peroxides (e.g. hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide...). The bleaching procedure with dioxiranes can be used in various application forms: bleaching agents, toothpaste powders, tooth gels, and mouthwashes, tooth polishing pastes.
PURPOSE: A composition containing Buddleiae Flos extract is provided to treat leukemia with little side effects and to effectively treat promyelocyteic leukemia. CONSTITUTION: A composition for preventing or treating leukemia contains active ingredients isolated from Buddleiae Flos with an organic solvent. The organic solvent is 95% ethanol. The active ingredient is prepared by extracting Buddleiae Flos at 50°C for 24 hours and drying at reduced pressure. The EC50 value of the active ingredient by an alamar blue analysis is under 55.2 ug/ml. The composition also contains pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or diluents.
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is commonly used to establish three-dimensional mapping of white-matter bundles in the supraspinal central nervous system. DTI has also been the subject of many studies on cranial and peripheral nerves. This non-invasive imaging technique enables virtual dissection of nerves in vivo and provides specific measurements of microstructural integrity. Adverse effects on the lumbosacral plexus may be traumatic, compressive, tumoral, or malformative and thus require dedicated treatment. DTI could lead to new perspectives in pudendal neuralgia diagnosis and management. We performed a systematic review of all articles or posters reporting results and protocols for lumbosacral plexus mapping using the DTI technique between January 2011 and December 2023. Twenty-nine articles published were included. Ten studies with a total of 351 participants were able to track the lumbosacral plexus in a physiological context and 19 studies with a total of 402 subjects tracked lumbosacral plexus in a pathological context. Tractography was performed on a 1.5T or 3T MRI system. DTI applied to the lumbosacral plexus and pudendal nerve is feasible but no microstructural normative value has been proposed for the pudendal nerve. The most frequently tracking parameters used in our review are: 3T MRI, b-value of 800 s/mm2, 33 directions, 3 × 3 × 3 mm3, AF threshold of 0.1, minimum fiber length of 10 mm, bending angle of 30°, and 3DT2 TSE anatomical resolution. Increased use of DTI could lead to new perspectives in the management of pudendal neuralgia due to entrapment syndrome, whether at the diagnostic, prognostic, or preoperative planning level. Prospective studies of healthy subjects and patients with the optimal acquisition parameters described above are needed to establish the accuracy of MR tractography for diagnosing pudendal neuralgia and other intrapelvic nerve entrapments.
Bevacizumab was administered as a 7.5 mg/kg intravenous infusion over 30 to 90 minutes on Day 1 of each 3 week cycle. Irinotecan was administered as a 240 mg/m\^2 intravenous infusion over 60 minutes (Day 1) every 3 weeks. Capecitabine was administered orally at a dose of 1000 mg/m\^2 twice daily (Day 2 to 15). Cycle length was 3 weeks consisting of 2 weeks of capecitabine treatment followed by 1 week without treatment up to 6 cycles. After 6 cycles, participants with objective response or SD were treated with bevacizumab alone until unacceptable toxicity, PD, or participant withdrawal.
Patients receive topotecan hydrochloride IV over 30 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15. Treatment repeats every 21 days for 4 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with responsive or stable disease after 4 courses may then receive topotecan hydrochloride IV on days 1 and 8. Treatment repeats every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Placebo (for Dupilumab), subcutaneous (SC) injection every 2 weeks (q2w) for 52 weeks in combination with stable-dose background therapy of medium-dose inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) with a second controller medication (i.e., long-acting β2 agonist \[LABA\], long acting muscarinic antagonist \[LAMA\], leukotriene receptor antagonist \[LTRA\] or methylxanthines) or high-dose ICS alone or high-dose ICS with second controller medication. Albuterol/salbutamol or levalbuterol/levosalbutamol was given as reliever medication. Participants were followed up for 12 weeks after last dose (i.e. up to Week 64).
PURPOSE: A composition containing a novel (+)-decursin derivative for preventing and treating atopic dermatitis is provided to ensure higher stability than a conventional ester and suppress MCP-1[Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1], IL-6[interleukin-6] and IL-8. CONSTITUTION: A novel structure (+)-decursin-ether derivative compound is denoted by general formula I. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating atopic dermatitis contains the (+)-decursin-ether derivative compound or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt as an active ingredient. The daily dose of the (+)-decursin-ether derivative compound is 0.0001-100 mg/kg. The functional health food also contains the (+)-decursin-ether derivative compound or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt as an active ingredient. The food is used in the form of powder, granule, tablet, capsule or beverage.
Participants will receive a single dose of prednisone 25 mg in the fasted or fed state on Day 1 of Period 1. The prandial state for the Period 1 treatment will be determined after review of safety and tolerability data from the SAD Cohorts. After a 7-day washout period, participants will receive a single dose of prednisone 25 mg and a single dose of CORT125329 lipid capsule formulation 1 or 2 in the fasted or fed state on Day 1 of Period 2. The formulation and dose level of CORT125329 treatment in Period 2 will be determined after review of safety, tolerability, and PK data from the SAD cohorts. The prandial state for treatment in Period 2 will be the same used in Period 1.
Adherence to a vegan diet may lower risk of cardiovascular disease among African Americans (AAs). Feasibility and sustainability of adopting a vegan diet may be challenging among AAs who live in regions where soul food is a predominant cuisine. Our hypothesis was that AAs randomized to a culturally adapted vegan diet will have greater adherence to their assigned diet compared with those randomized to a culturally adapted omnivorous diet. AAs (N = 113) with overweight/obesity from South Carolina were included. Dietary intake was measured at months 0, 3, 6, and 12 using 24-hour recalls. Adherence was defined based on recommended animal product intake for each group. Differences in nutrient intakes and dietary indices (Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 and healthy plant-based diet index) between groups were evaluated using t-tests. At 12 months, adherence was higher to the vegan (51%) versus omnivorous (35%) diet. Participants assigned to the vegan diet had higher intake of carbohydrates (P = .01) and fiber (P < .001), and lower intake of cholesterol P< .001) and protein (P = .001) compared with participants assigned to the omnivorous diet. Participants adherent to the vegan diet had lower cholesterol intake (P < .001) and higher fiber intake (P = .02) compared with those adherent to the omnivorous diet. Compared with those assigned to the omnivorous diet, participants assigned to the vegan diet had higher Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (P = .01) and healthy plant-based diet index (P < .001) scores. AAs with overweight/obesity were more adherent to a culturally adapted vegan diet versus an omnivorous diet after 1 year, and nutrient and food group intake changes were sustained.
This Phase 1 study is a randomized, double-blind, single- and multiple-ascending dose trial to evaluate the safety, tolerability, food-effect, and pharmacokinetics of TP-05 in healthy subjects. Subjects will be enrolled in 5 sequential, ascending single dose cohorts and 3 multiple, ascending dose cohorts. Dose escalation will be approved by a safety monitoring committee before beginning the next cohort. The Safety Review Committee (SRC) will evaluate if any dose-limiting adverse events (AEs) through Day 15 (in Cohorts 1-5) or through Day 36 (in Cohorts 6-8) occurred in a cohort before proceeding to dosing in the next dose level. In addition, the SRC will review selected PK parameters after selected cohorts. Skin punch biopsies, and venous, capillary, and urine samples may be collected at various timepoints for pharmacokinetic analysis. Safety assessments include monitoring of adverse events, clinical laboratory testing, vital sign measurements, physical examinations, and ECGs. A blood sample may also be collected to evaluate tick mortality upon exposure.
A naïve subcohort of patients consisting of HAART initiators. Among the primary cohort, we will exclude patients with a dispensing for any HAART in the 6-month baseline period prior to the cohort entry date.