anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: Umbilical hernias (UH) have a higher prevalence than previously considered. With the high workload radiologists must endure, UH can be missed when interpreting a computed tomography scan (CT). The clinical implications of its misdiagnosis are yet to be determined. Unreporting could lead to content lesions in surgical approaches and other potential complications. The aim was to determine the prevalence of UH using CT scans, and the incidence of radiological reporting.
METHODS: A multicenter, cross-sectional study was performed in four tertiary-level hospitals. CT scans were reviewed for abdominal wall defects at the umbilicus, and radiological reports were examined to compare findings. In the case of UH, transversal, anteroposterior, and craniocaudal lengths were obtained.
RESULTS: A total of 1557 CTs were included, from which 971 (62.4%, 95% CI 0.59-0.64) had UH. Out of those, 629 (64.8%, 95% CI 0.61-0.67) of the defects were not included in the radiological report. Smaller UH (x̄: 7.7 × 6.0 mm) were more frequently missed. Of the reported UH, 187 (54.7%) included at least one axis measurement, 289 (84.5%) content description, and 146 (42.7%) whether or not there were complication signs.
CONCLUSION: There is a high prevalence of UH, and a high incidence of under-reporting. This raises the question of whether this is a population-based finding or the norm worldwide. The reason of under-reporting and the clinical implications of these must be addressed in further studies.
Patients with knee OA will be taught a home-based exercise program for the hip abductor muscles during the initial visit. The exercise program will be performed 3 times per week for 8 weeks.
The dose will be 100 mg YF476 once daily. When 6 patients have completed 12 weeks' treatment with that dose, it may be increased to 150 or 200 mg once daily. Patients will have type II gastric carcinoids and/or ECL cell hyperplasia/dysplasia.
Subjects (Normal renal function eGFR ≥90) will be matched according to age (± 10 years), sex, and weight (± 20 kg) with participants in Group 1 (Severe renal impairment not on HD) on a one to one basis based on demographic characteristic. Here, 8 participants will be administered single dose of 2 mg Saroglitazar Magnesium and 8 participants will be administered single dose of 4 mg Saroglitazar Magnesium.
Virtual reality (VR) has carved out a growing place for itself in our leisure activities, video games and even in medicine. Recent studies show that VR can reduce anxiety and pain in patients undergoing uncomfortable care (e.g. wound care, dental care, venous access). While the population most frequently investigated is pediatric, the benefits can be extended to other populations. The operating room is uncommon due to the type of procedure and the older patient profile. Yet, with the democratization of regional and neuraxial anesthesia, VR could improve the patient experience in the operating room.

The main objective of this study is to explore the impact of VR on intravenous (I.V.) sedation requirements in adult patients undergoing breast surgery under paravertebral (PV) block. The hypothesis is that VR will serve as an effective distraction in the operative context, reducing the need for pharmacology. In parallel, multiple secondary objectives will also be explored, such as the evaluation of the tolerance to the VR headset, the impact of the chosen type of scenario on the primary outcome, the incidence of adverse effects, the variation of the Nociception Level Index (NOL index) in awake patients as well as overall patient satisfaction.

This single center, open-label, randomized controlled trial will be conducted in a Canadian academic hospital. 100 patients above the age of 18 years undergoing breast surgery (mastectomy, reduction, augmentation, reconstruction, etc.) under regional anesthesia, specifically paravertebral block, will be included in this study. Patients will be randomized either to the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group will have a VR helmet and the control group a standard treatment. Both will have access to patient-controlled sedation (PCS), self-administering their own sedation under clinical observation. Patients in the VR group will be able to choose, before the procedure begins, between 3 different VR environments and will also be allowed to switch between these environments during the surgery. The primary outcome of this study will be the time-weighted dose of propofol (sedative) self-administered during the procedure. Secondary outcomes will include patient satisfaction, premature removal of VR helmet, presence of nausea, desaturation, hypotension and post-anesthesia monitoring time.
Allergens such as antigen E are present in the leaves, stems and pollen of the short ragweed plant (Ambrosia elatior L.). Antigen E is widely accepted as the most potent allergen in the plant, and it is of utility for developing assays for patient hypersensitivity testing and allergenic product evaluation. The purification of antigen E is costly and difficult. Clinical and laboratory evidence indicates that short ragweed leaf plant tissue cultures produce an allergen of significant potency when compared to N.I.H. reference antigen E, and that it is of higher purity when examined by comparative disc electrophoresis. The allergens produced from tissue culture systems may be more economically produced than from pollen and may be more desirable for patient hypersensitivity evaluation and assay of allergenic products.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a significant public health issue, with diverse consequences across the lifespan. This comprehensive review explores the complex interplay between age-related responses and the immune system following TBI. TBI exhibits distinct effects in pediatric, adult, and elderly populations, with profound implications for recovery and long-term outcomes. The immune system, as a key player in the post-TBI inflammatory cascade, exerts age-dependent influences on inflammation, neuroinflammation, and tissue repair. We examine the evolving understanding of age-related neuroinflammatory responses, cytokine profiles, and the role of immune cells, such as microglia and T cells, in the context of TBI. Furthermore, we evaluate the therapeutic implications of age-specific immunomodulation strategies toward mitigating TBI-associated neuropathology. This review consolidates the current knowledge on age-related immune responses in TBI, shedding light on potential avenues for tailored therapeutic interventions across the age spectrum. Understanding these nuanced responses is crucial for optimizing patient care and enhancing recovery outcomes in the aftermath of traumatic brain injury.
Sulfonamides, including sulfasalazine, are present in human milk (see Pregnancy, Clinical Considerations). Insignificant amounts of sulfasalazine have been found in milk, whereas levels of the active metabolite sulfapyridine in milk are about 30 to 60 percent of those in the maternal serum. Caution should be exercised when sulfasalazine is administered to a nursing mother. 

There are reports with limited data of bloody stools or diarrhea in human milk fed infants of mothers taking sulfasalazine. In cases where the outcome was reported, bloody stools or diarrhea resolved in the infant after discontinuation of sulfasalazine in the mother or discontinuation of breastfeeding. Due to limited data, a causal relationship between sulfasalazine exposure and bloody stools or diarrhea cannot be confirmed or denied. Monitor human milk fed infants of mothers taking sulfasalazine for signs and symptoms of diarrhea and/or bloody stools.
Objectives:The aim of the study was to examine the incidence, baseline characteristics, and outcomes of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy admissions in individuals who developed acute respiratory failure (ARF). The study utilized the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database for the years 2017 to 2020. Methods: The study identified CAR-T cell therapy hospitalizations through the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Procedure Coding System (ICD-10-PCS) codes. Patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) were further classified using specific International Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes. Descriptive statistics were performed to analyze baseline characteristics, comorbidities, complications, and outcomes. Results: Analysis of the NIS Database identified 5545 CAR-T therapy admissions between 2017 and 2020, revealing a rising trend over time. In our study, we found that hypertension (39%), dyslipidemia (21.7%), and venous thromboembolism (13%) were the most frequently observed comorbidities in CAR-T cell therapy admissions. Acute respiratory failure (ARF) was reported in 7.1% of admissions, and they had higher all-cause in-hospital mortality than CAR-T cell therapy admissions without ARF (32.9% vs 1.3%, P < 0.001). ARF admissions that required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) also had higher all-cause in-hospital mortality compared to admissions not requiring IMV (48.9% vs 11.8%, P = 0.001). There was no difference in the mortality rate among admissions with non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Multiple Myeloma, and Leukemia that utilized CAR-T therapy. Conclusions: In this largest study to date, we illuminate the incidence and outcomes of CAR-T cell therapy admissions with ARF. Higher mortality rates were observed in CAR-T cell therapy admissions with ARF. The study emphasizes the crucial role of interdisciplinary collaboration in CAR-T patient management and calls for additional research to clarify ARF's etiology and inform effective management strategies.
All participants will meet with a research assistant who will provide \~30 minutes of instruction on sleep hygiene and healthy lifestyle guidelines. Each subject's sleep routine will be reviewed with the aim to identify appropriate bed and wake times that provide a consistent schedule and allow for at least 7 hours of time in bed per night. Habits that may impact sleep, such as alcohol consumption, tobacco use, and exercise close to bedtime will be reviewed with appropriate guidance on how to minimize sleep disrupting exposures. Subjects will be provided external nasal dilator strips (Breath Right®) and advised on how to maximize sleep time in a non-supine position using bed elevation, wedge pillows and/or objects affixed to the back of their night clothes as appropriate.
After extubation, starting non-invasive ventilation with face mask (1 hour) followed by assisted cough maneuver. Total of 18 calls in 72 hours distributed as long the patient was extubated.
Probiotic bacteria are used in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases and infections, including the treatment of oral diseases. Probiotic bacteria can be found in saliva, plaque and adhering directly to the mucous membrane. They compete with cariogenic bacteria and pathogens of periodontal disease. Increased interest in probiotics means that attempts are being made to find new solutions regarding the methods of their administration. The use of probiotic bacteria brings beneficial health effects. Lactobacillus salivarius is a strain isolated from human milk. It is inactive (heat treatment) and therefore does not produce metabolites that can promote the formation of carious lesions in the mouth by lowering the mouth potential of hydrogen.
OBJECTIVES: To analyze REM sleep without atonia (RWA) metrics in patients with isolated REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and healthy subjects and compare them in terms of degree of presumed brainstem damage.
METHODS: Forty-nine iRBD patients, 62 PD patients and 38 healthy controls were included into the analysis. Detailed polysomnographic and clinical data including motor, olfactory, autonomic, and cognitive assessment were obtained in all participants and subsequently compared within groups without RBD (i.e., healthy controls, PD-RBD-) and with RBD (i.e., iRBD, PD-RBD+). SINBAR criteria were used to score RWA.
RESULTS: Twenty-one PD patients (33.8 %) had RBD. When comparing PD-RBD-patients and controls, RWA tonic (p = 0.001) and RWA mixed (p = 0.03) were higher in PD-RBD-group. PD-RBD-patients had worse olfactory function than controls (p < 0.001); no significant difference in autonomic or cognitive function was registered. There were no significant differences in RWA parameters when comparing iRBD and PD-RBD + groups. iRBD patients had better olfactory function than PD-RBD+ (p = 0.006); no significant difference in autonomic or cognitive function was registered. PD-RBD + had worse autonomic (p = 0.006) and olfactory (p = 0.001) but not motor and cognitive function compared to PD-RBD-.
CONCLUSIONS: Untreated de-novo PD patients without RBD have increased RWA metrics compared to healthy subjects indicating subclinical degeneration of brainstem nuclei responsible for RWA. iRBD patients do not differ in RWA metrics from untreated de-novo PD patients with premotor RBD suggesting a similar level of brainstem degeneration caudal to substantia nigra in both groups. Groups with RBD are associated with autonomic dysfunction.
The apoptosis-prone property of alveolar epithelial cells plays a crucial role in pulmonary fibrosis(PF), but the role of pyroptosis in it is still unclear. Toll-like receptor 9(TLR9) has been reported to play a vital role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. However, the effect of TLR9 on alveolar epithelial cells in PF has not been fully elucidated. Gene expression microarray related to Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF) was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database. In the mouse model of bleomycin-induced PF, adeno-associated virus(AAV6) was used to interfere with TLR9 to construct TLR9 knockdown mice to study the role of TLR9 in PF, and the specific mechanism was studied by intratracheal instillation of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3) activator. In vitro experiments were performed using A549 cells. Bleomycin-induced pyroptosis in the lung tissue of PF mice increased, and TLR9 protein levels also increased, especially in alveolar epithelial cells. The levels of fibrosis and pyroptosis in lung tissue of TLR9 knockdown mice were improved. We found that TLR9 can bind to the NLRP3, thereby increasing the activation of the NLRP3/caspase-1 inflammasome pathway. When we use the NLRP3 activator, the levels of fibrosis and pyroptosis in lung tissue of TLR9 knockout mice can be counteracted. Pyroptosis of alveolar epithelial cells plays a vital role in PF, and TLR9 can promote NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis of alveolar epithelial cells to aggravate the progression of PF and may become a feasible target for the prevention and treatment of PF.
PURPOSE:To provide an antiviral agent containing interferon as the active component and excellent in infection inhibitory effect and growth inhibitory effect on RNA virus. CONSTITUTION:alpha, beta, gamma type interferons(IFN) are contained as the active components. As the IFNs, a natural type (e.g. human IFN-alpha), a chemically synthesized type, a type (e.g. human IFN-alpha) produced according to the gene recombination technique or a combination of alpha, beta, gamma type IFNs is used. Preparation is possible in the form of injection, capsule, nasal medicine, ointment, etc. The dosage is 50 to 9000000 unit, preferably 300 to 6000000 unit. This medicine is effective for an infectious disease caused by an RNA virus, especially a Fravivirus. If this medicine is used in combination with ribavirin as an RNA growth inhibitor, a further strong activity is exhibited.
Sleep is an involuntary behaviour, biologically fundamental to survival and wellbeing. However, sleep is increasingly neglected, with significant health implications. Recent research has identified associations between sleep duration, quality, timing and risk of overweight/obesity in children and adults. The aim of this review was to systematically identify and examine research that investigates the relationships between multiple objective and subjective sleep outcomes and objective adiposity measures in adolescents. A systematic review of literature, published to December 2022, was conducted using ten bibliographic databases. Search terms included objective and subjective sleep/circadian rhythm outcomes, objective adiposity measurements, and adolescents aged 8-18 years. Eighty-nine studies were included in the final review. Sleep outcomes were synthesized into three sleep domains: pre-sleep, during sleep and post-sleep outcomes. In summary, pre-sleep outcomes (including poor sleep hygiene, later chronotype and increased variability and later sleep timings) and increased sleep disturbance are consistently significantly associated with increased obesity and adiposity in adolescents. The relationship between during-sleep outcomes (sleep quality and efficiency) with adiposity and obesity measures was mixed. These findings suggest that adapting an individual's schedule to best suit chronotype preference and improving sleep hygiene, including a consistent bedtime routine, could reduce adiposity and obesity in adolescents.
Patients in this arm will not have their standard of care as dictated by their provider altered in any way. Two 6-mL tubes of blood will be drawn once daily for up to 5 days, and daily questionnaires will be administered regarding sleep and health quality.
Lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) presents a global health challenge with symptoms impacting a substantial percentage of the population. The absence of reliable biomarkers complicates the accurate classification of LUTD subtypes with shared symptoms such as non-ulcerative Bladder Pain Syndrome (BPS) and overactive bladder caused by bladder outlet obstruction with Detrusor Overactivity (DO). This study introduces a machine learning (ML)-based approach for the identification of mRNA signatures specific to non-ulcerative BPS. Using next-generation sequencing (NGS) transcriptome data from bladder biopsies of patients with BPS, benign prostatic obstruction with DO, and controls, our statistical approach successfully identified 13 candidate genes capable of discerning BPS from control and DO patients. This set was validated using Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (QPCR) in a larger patient cohort. To confirm our findings, we applied both supervised and unsupervised ML approaches to the QPCR dataset. A three-mRNA signature TPPP3, FAT1, and NCALD, emerged as a robust classifier for non-ulcerative BPS. The ML-based framework used to define BPS classifiers establishes a solid foundation for comprehending the gene expression changes in the bladder during BPS and serves as a valuable resource and methodology for advancing signature identification in other fields. The proposed ML pipeline demonstrates its efficacy in handling challenges associated with limited sample sizes, offering a promising avenue for applications in similar domains.
There is only one arm in this study and all participants in this arm will receive 2 interventions: active and sham cTBS in a within subject blinded fashion. They will first receive active cTBS and then sham cTBS, separated by four weeks to minimize carryover effects.
PURPOSE:To advantageously obtain a fine liposome without using organic solvents toxic to living bodies by forming lamellar liquid crystals from a liposome membrane constituent substance using two kinds of polyhydric alcohols which are a good solvent and a poor solvent therefor, then swelling the resultant crystals and dispersing the swelled crystals in water, etc. CONSTITUTION:(A) A liposome membrane constituent substance is dissolved in (B) a polyhydric alcohol which is a good solvent therefor. (C) Another polyhydric alcohol which is a poor solvent is then added and sufficiently mixed to form lamellar liquid crystals composed of the ingredients (A) to (C). (D) Water or an aqueous solution of a suitable substance selected according to the ingredient (A) is kneaded therein while slowly dropping the ingredient (D) so as not to destroy the lamellar liquid crystals. Thereby, swelled lamellar liquid crystals are formed. Water or the same aqueous solution as that of the ingredient (D) or another aqueous solution is further continuously dropped into the crystals to simply afford a fine liposome enclosing a medicine and/or a cosmetic at a relatively low temperature with a high retention efficiency of the enclosed substance without using organic solvents toxic to living bodies by a method which enables free regulation of particle diameter and is suitable for mass production.
PREMISE: Quaking aspen is a clonal tree species that has mixed ploidy, often with high relative abundance of both diploids and triploids but no haploids or tetraploids. Triploids typically have low fertility, leaving their occurrence apparently unlikely from an evolutionary perspective, unless they provide a "triploid bridge" to generating higher-fitness tetraploids-which are not observed in this species. This study focused on how triploidy can be maintained in quaking aspen.
METHODS: A computational model was used to simulate gamete production, sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction, parent survival, and offspring survival in a population. All parameters were assumed to be cytotype-dependent and environment-independent. Sampling methods were used to identify parameter combinations consistent with observed cytotype frequencies.
RESULTS: Many processes and parameter values were sufficient to yield a moderate frequency of triploids, and very few were necessary. The most plausible route involved higher triploid survival at the parent or offspring stage and limited unreduced gamete production by either diploid or triploid parents. Triploid fertility was helpful but not necessary.
CONCLUSIONS: The coexistence of diploids and triploids in quaking aspen is statistically likely and promoted by the existence of commonly observed, long-lived triploid clones. However, other mechanisms not captured by the model related to environmental variation could also occur. Further empirical data or more complex but difficult-to-parameterize models are needed to gain further insight.
The Waitlist Control Group will receive monthly newsletters, with similar information learned in the intervention, for the first three months of the study period while the Intervention Group receives the intervention. Then, there will be a two-week washout period. After the washout period, they will receive the Family-based Telehealth Intervention for 3 months until the end of the study period.
This group will receive a NMES-induced fatigue protocol, which will be applied to the femoral nerve (FN) and to the motor point (MP) of the rectus femoris muscle using a stimulation frequency of 100 Hz. For this, the participant will be positioned on the isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex Medical System, Shirley - NY, USA) with the knee at 90° of flexion (0°=total extension). The participant will be instructed to remain relaxed and to not perform active muscle contractions.