anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Functional neuroimaging studies have identified neural correlates of hallucinations across multiple brain regions. Some studies suggest a common neuroanatomical substrate independent of the sensory modality, while others suggest different neural correlates for different types of hallucinations. However, whether these neuroimaging findings represented a cause, consequence or epiphenomenon of hallucinations was unclear until recently. Using lesion network mapping, researchers demonstrated that focal brain lesions play a causal role in the development of hallucinations and can occur in different brain locations, both inside and outside sensory pathway, and that greater than 90% of lesion locations causing hallucinations are negatively connected to the right superior temporal sulcus (rSTS). The rSTS is known to play a role in social cognition, biological motion, audiovisual integration, and speech. Hence, when spontaneous activity decreases at lesion locations causing hallucinations, spontaneous activity in the rSTS increases, the exact pattern thought to predispose to hallucinations. Additionally, functional connectivity within this region is abnormal in patients with visual and auditory hallucinations. Therefore, the association between rSTS connectivity and hallucinations would suggest this region may be optimal for modulation via non-invasive brain stimulation.

One method by which cortical excitability can be altered is with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique. High definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) is a refined version of tDCS with improved spatial precision of cortical stimulation. This involves the application of a weak electrical current (1-2 mA) delivered to the brain via scalp electrodes. tDCS can modulate cortical excitability, where anodal stimulation tends to increase (i.e. the resting potential becomes less negative) and cathodal stimulation tends to decrease the underlying membrane potential (i.e. the resting potential becomes more negative). While tDCS is a promising adjunctive treatment of auditory hallucinations and negative symptoms in schizophrenia, less is known about its role in treating hallucinations overall. To date, no study has non-invasively stimulated the rSTS with tDCS in psychosis and examined its effects on hallucinations. However, there are studies in healthy volunteers showing that anodal stimulation to the STS resulted in increased auditory false perceptions, while cathodal stimulation decreased false perceptions and was lower than the sham condition. Taken together, the recent lesion network mapping identifying the rSTS as a major source of hallucinations combined with prior studies showing that the rSTS is associated with hallucinations suggest that it may be possible to alleviate hallucinations by designing a tDCS protocol that targets the rSTS with cathodal stimulation. Technological advances in noninvasive neuromodulation and electrical field modeling further allow us to create a tDCS protocol specifically guided by the results of lesion network mapping studies with high spatial resolution.
The present invention is directed to a method for selecting compounds for use in treating sickle cell disease in a patient. The method comprises the steps of selecting a first set of HbS ligands from a first group of chemical compounds, selecting from the first set of HbS ligands a seconds set that exhibit inhibition of HbS polymerization, and selecting from the second set a third set that display anti-sickling activity of red blood cells when in the presence thereof. The method may include the step of performing a methemoglobin S proteolysis assay measuring a percent protease protection for each compound. The method may additionally include the steps of measuring HbS aggregation, inhibition of protease, deoxy-HbS gelation inhibition activity, O2 affinity of HbS, and cytotoxic effect to cell activity. The method may further include assessing red blood cell morphology, and eliminating compounds that contain moieties that bind to heme. The steps of the method may be repeated on analogs of compounds that are selected using one or more steps of the method. The present invention also includes a method of treating sickle cell disease in a patient, which comprises administering to the patient a pharmaceutical formulation including a selected concentration of an HbS ligand and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefore. The HbS ligand, which may be an isoquinolium derivative, is one exhibiting inhibition of HbS polymerization and displaying anti-sickling activity of red blood cells when in the presence thereof.
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have revealed that remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) may have a neuroprotective function. However, the potential benefit of RIC for patients with ICH remain unclear.
OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of RIC for patients with ICH.
METHODS: The Safety and Efficacy of RIC for Spontaneous ICH (SERIC-ICH) is an ongoing prospective, randomized, multicenter, parallel-controlled, and blinded-endpoint clinical trial. The study will enroll an estimated 2000 patients aged ⩾18 years within 24 h after ICH onset, with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale ⩾6 and Glasgow Coma Scale ⩾8 upon presentation. The patients will be randomly assigned to the RIC or control groups (1:1) and will be treated with cuffs inflated to a pressure of 200 or 60 mmHg, respectively, twice daily for 7 days. Each RIC treatment will consist of four cycles of arm ischemia for 5 min, followed by reperfusion for another 5 min, for a total procedure time of 35 min. The primary efficacy outcome measure is the proportion of patients with good functional outcomes (modified Rankin scale 0-2) at 180 days. The safety outcome measures will include all adverse events and severe adverse events occurring in the course of the study.
DISCUSSION: RIC is an inexpensive intervention and might be a strategy to improve outcomes in patients with ICH. The SERIC-ICH trial will investigate whether RIC treatment can be applied as an adjuvant treatment in the acute phase of ICH and identify safety issues.
An azulene compound is provided. The azulene compound has formula (I) shown below. Each variable in formula (I) is defined in the specification. The compound can be used to treat cancer. The invention also provides a method for treating cancer. The method includes administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of one or more azulene compounds of formula (I).
A composition comprising selenium, vitamin C and at least 90% by weight of native or undenatured whey protein is provided. Preferably the whey protein is whey protein isolate and the selenium source is selenium yeast. The composition may further include lactoferrin. Preferably the composition comprises 0.05-0.5% by weight selenium yeast; 1-5% by weight vitamin C; optionally 0.1-3% by weight lactoferrin; and at least 90% by weight native or undenatured whey protein. Preferably the composition is useful in slowing the aging process; for increasing glutathione levels; to improve immune function; to raise energy levels; or for use as an anti-viral, an anti-microbial or an anti-cancer agent. The composition may be formulated as a dry powder or as a liquid concentrate. A composition consisting of cysteine, selenium and vitamin C as the active agents is also outlined.
Participants with opioid use disorder will receive SUBOXONE sublingual (SL) film for 6 days during the run-in period. Participants will then receive SUBOXONE SL film alone for 2 days, then SUBOXONE SL film and INDV-2000 for 7 days followed by INDV-2000 dosing alone for 4 days.
INTRODUCTION: Tranexamic acid (TXA) administered within 2 h of injury reduces mortality in traumatic brain injury (TBI) with intracranial hemorrhage. TXA also reduces the seizure threshold in a dose-dependent manner. We examined whether a 2-g bolus of prehospital TXA administered in moderate or severe TBI is associated with seizure activity within 72 h of injury.
METHODS: Patients from the prehospital TXA for TBI trial with Glasgow Coma Scale < 13, blunt head injury, and time-of-seizure data were included in this analysis. The original trial randomized patients with suspected TBI to placebo, 1-g TXA bolus + 1-g 8-h TXA infusion, or 2-g TXA bolus within 2 h of injury. In this secondary analysis, multivariable logistic regression was performed to examine the association of treatment group with seizure incidence. The model controlled for age, Glasgow Coma Scale, Injury Severity Score, intracranial hemorrhage, Abbreviated Injury Scale-head, and home antiseizure medication use.
RESULTS: Of the 786 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 19 had seizures within 72 h (five in placebo, two in 1-g bolus/1-g infusion, and 12 in 2-g bolus). The 2-g TXA bolus was not associated with increased seizures compared to placebo (odds ratio 0.41, 95% confidence interval 0.12-1.18, P = 0.12). Home antiseizure medication use was associated with increased seizures (odds ratio 15.95, 95% confidence interval 3.79-60.57, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: A prehospital 2-g TXA bolus in moderate or severe TBI was not associated with increased seizure activity during the first 72 h after injury; however, limited power, limited use of continuous electroencephalography, and unavailable seizure prophylaxis data highlight the need for further study.
RATIONALE: A huge hypertrophic scar formation secondary to chronic ingrown toe nail mimicking tumor is a rare disease. It is not only causing concerns cosmetically, but also hindering normal daily activities physically and socially. In this paper, we present an unusual case of bilateral ingrown nails with different phases. One resulted in a large hypertrophic scar caused by stimulation from secondary to chronic ingrown nail.
PATIENT CONCERNS AND DIAGNOSIS: A 44-year-old man with a huge mass (7 × 4 × 8.5 cm) in his right great toe and inflamed ingrown nail in his left great toe visited the clinic. The mass in the right toe showed an irregular and bizarre shape with a stellate ulcer (2 × 2 cm) at the distal end. After removing an ingrown nail 3 years ago with minor repetitive trauma, self-managed wound has grown into a tumor-like mass, resulting in intolerable discomfort. In gross appearance, a stalk appeared to originate from the lateral side of the nail bed with the ingrown nail in the great toe showing inflamed medial and lateral gutter and causing redness and tenderness. Huge hypertrophic scar formation secondary to chronic ingrown toe nail mimicking tumor is a rare disease that is not only causing a cosmetic concern, but also hindering normal daily activities physically and socially.
INTERVENTION AND OUTCOMES: Excisional biopsy was performed for both great toes. Biopsy confirmed chronic ulcerative inflammation with a hypertrophic scar. The resection site healed and persisted well at 12 months after surgery.
CONCLUSION: Our unusual case suggests that the natural course of an untreated ingrown toe nail may result in hypertrophic scar extending far to mimic tumorous conditions.
The increasing use of social media platforms as personalized advertising channels is a double-edged sword. A high level of personalization on these platforms increases users' sense of losing control over personal data: This could trigger the privacy fatigue phenomenon manifested in emotional exhaustion and cynicism toward privacy, which leads to a lack of privacy-protective behavior. Machine learning has shown its effectiveness in the early prediction of people's psychological state to avoid such consequences. Therefore, this study aims to classify users with low and medium-to-high levels of privacy fatigue, based on their information privacy awareness and big-five personality traits. A dataset was collected from 538 participants via an online questionnaire. The prediction models were built using the Support Vector Machine, Naïve Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors, Decision Tree, and Random Forest classifiers, based on the literature. The results showed that awareness and conscientiousness trait have a significant relationship with privacy fatigue. Support Vector Machine and Naïve Bayes classifiers outperformed the other classifiers by attaining a classification accuracy of 78%, F1 of 87%, recall of 100% and 98%, and precision of 78% and 79% respectively, using five-fold cross-validation.
The invention discloses a composition with health functions. The composition comprises, by weight, 16-24 parts of mung bean, 0.5-2 parts of lotus leaf and 1-5 parts of jujube. An auxiliary material acceptable in a preparation process can be added to the com position to prepare a canned beverage. A mung bean soup is a main prescription for clearing heat and removing summer heat, expelling toxins and nourishing faces and treating damp heat in the composition, and the lotus leaf is used to reinforce the heat clearing, blood cooling, summer heat removing and thirst quenching efficacy of the mung bean soup. Jujube and rock sugar with the middle-Jiao and Qi tonifying efficacy are added to alleviate the cold nature of the mung bean and the lotus leaf, makes the medicinal property of the whole prescription be mild, and allows the composition to be widely used by people. The composition is a plant type health product composition with the advantages of convenience, fastness, easy preservation, read-to-drink, and suitableness for being cold or hot, and can be used to guide people's healthy living mode. The composition can be drunk by people to realize health and beauty.
PANoptosis is a newly identified inflammatory programmed cell death (PCD) that involves the interplay of apoptosis, necrosis, and pyroptosis. However, its overall biological effects cannot be attributed to any one type of PCD alone. PANoptosis is regulated by a signaling cascade triggered by the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) by various sensors. This triggers the assembly of the PANoptosome, which integrates key components from other PCD pathways via adapters and ultimately activates downstream execution molecules, resulting in cell death with necrotic, apoptotic, and pyroptotic features. Autoimmune diseases are characterized by reduced immune tolerance to self-antigens, leading to abnormal immune responses, often accompanied by systemic chronic inflammation. Consequently, PANoptosis, as a unique innate immune-inflammatory PCD pathway, has significant pathophysiological relevance to inflammation and autoimmunity. However, most previous research on PANoptosis has focused on tumors and infectious diseases, leaving its activation and role in autoimmune diseases unclear. This review briefly outlines the characteristics of PANoptosis and summarizes several newly identified PANoptosome complexes, their activation mechanisms, and key components. We also explored the dual role of PANoptosis in diseases and potential therapeutic approaches targeting PANoptosis. Additionally, we review the existing evidence for PANoptosis in several autoimmune diseases and explore the potential regulatory mechanisms involved.
An induction of TNF-.alpha. mRNA expression has been observed in adipose tissue from four different insulin resistant rodent models of obesity and diabetes. TNF-.alpha. protein was also elevated locally and systemically. Neutralization of TNF-.alpha. in obese fa/ fa rats caused a significant increase in the peripheral uptake of glucose in response to insulin. A method of treating an animal suffering from insulin resistance in obesity linked Type II diabetes mellitus is disclosed.  The method includes providing a therap-eutic agent that includes an antagonist to TNF-.alpha. function in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier substance and administering a pharmacologically effective amount of the therapeutic agent to the animal.
We will use the formula described by Wieder. Stent length in cm= patients height in inches - 42.
Apoptosis plays a pivotal role in pathogen elimination and maintaining homeostasis. However, viruses have evolved strategies to evade apoptosis, enabling their persistence within the host. Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1) is a potent innate immune sensor that detects cytoplasmic nucleic acids and activates the innate immune response to clear pathogens. When apoptosis is inhibited by viral invasion, ZBP1 can be activated to compensate for the effect of apoptosis by triggering an innate immune response. This review examined the mechanisms of apoptosis inhibition and ZBP1 activation during viral invasion. The authors outlined the mechanisms of ZBP1-induced type I interferon, pyroptosis and necroptosis, as well as the crosstalk between ZBP1 and the cGAS-STING signalling pathway. Furthermore, ZBP1 can reverse the suppression of apoptotic signals induced by viruses. Intriguingly, a positive feedback loop exists in the ZBP1 signalling pathway, which intensifies the innate immune response while triggering a cytokine storm, leading to tissue and organ damage. The prudent use of ZBP1, which is a double-edged sword, has significant clinical implications for treating infections and inflammation.
The invention relates to double-responsiveness burdock nano dietary fiber pickering emulsion and a preparation method thereof, which are characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: step 1: extraction of insoluble dietary fiber from burdock under ultrasonic conditions, pulping burdock slices, and sequentially removing impurities with alpha-amylase, saccharifying enzyme and papain in three steps. Step 2: carboxymethylation modification of burdock insoluble dietary fibers. Step 3: homogenizing by high-pressure microfluidization and ultrasonic crushing to prepare the carboxymethylated burdock nanometer dietary fiber. Step 4: fe is prepared by adopting an in-situ coprecipitation method  3  O  4  @ BDNF nanoparticles. Step 5: and (3) preparation of Pickering emulsion. The Pickering emulsion with stimulus response is prepared by high-speed homogenization, has controllable cost and environmental friendliness, has magnetic response and pH response, and thus plays a role in controlled release of load effective componentsIs effective in (1).
The invention relates to rose flower tea and a manufacturing method thereof. The rose flower tea comprises the following raw materials, by weight part, 50-60 parts of rosa rugosa cv. plena, 20-30 parts of kudzuvine roots, 10-15 parts of angelica roots, 30-50 parts of coix seeds, 30-50 parts of licorice roots, 20-30 parts of pomegranate seeds, and 20-30 parts of cassia seeds. The manufacturing method specifically comprises: boiling licorice roots with water, soaking the rosa rugosa cv. plena with obtained licorice root water, and drying the soaked rosa rugosa cv. plena for later use; adding kudzuvine roots, angelica roots, and coix seeds into the licorice root water for decoction, and performing concentration and drying to obtain mixed powder; and finally weighing pomegranate seeds and cassia seeds according to the weight part, and mixing the pomegranate seeds and cassia seeds with dried rosa rugosa cv. plena and the mixed powder to obtain the rose flower tea. The manufactured rose flower tea has the efficacy of beautifying and nourishing the skin, removing spots, and delaying senescence after being consumed for a long period, and is suitable for people with warm and hot constitution to drink.
Formulations are provided for the oral administration of avanafil, a Type V phosphodiesterase inhibitor ("PDE V inhibitor"), and analogs thereof. The formulations are orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) that rapidly dissolve or disintegrate in the oral cavity. The tablets contain an absorption enhancing composition that increases the duodenal absorption of the active agent, following transfer from the low pH environment of the stomach to the more basic pH of the duodenum. Methods for administering the active agent using the dosage forms are provided. The invention also encompasses a method of selecting components and compositions to incorporate in the formulations which will facilitate increased absorption of the active agent in the duodenum and thus serve as "absorption enhancing compositions" herein. Also provided are methods for manufacturing orally disintegrating tablets to optimize the physical properties of the dosage forms, particularly hardness and disintegration time.
The present invention is a thermally reversible gel or geling copolymer that is a linear random copolymer of a [meth-]acrylamide derivative and a hydrophilic comonomer, wherein the linear random copolymer is in the form of a plurality of linear chains having a plurality of molecular weights greater than or equal to a minimum geling molecular weight cutoff. Addition of a biodegradable backbone and/or a therapeutic agent imparts further utility. The method of the present invention for making a thermally reversible geling copolymer has the steps of: (a) mixing a [meth-]acrylamide derivative with a hydrophilic comonomer in a solvent with an initiator forming a reaction mixture; (b) copolymerizing the reaction mixture and forming a first linear random copolymer having a plurality of linear chains having a plurality of molecular weights; and (c) purifying the synthesized first random copolymer and obtaining a second linear random copolymer having a plurality of molecular weights greater than or equal to a minimum geling molecular weight cutoff. The gel is enhanced by either combining it with a biodegradable backbone and/or a therapeutic agent in a geling solution made by mixing the copolymer with an aqueuos solvent.  Advantages of the present invention include (1) the thermally reversible gel of the present invention exhibits a thermodynamic stability, and when geled, will not reverse to the liquid state upon dilution but may reverse to the liquid state only in response to a temperature change and (2) the gelation occurs without substantial syneresis. Moreover, the thermally reversible gel of the present invention has lower initial viscosity more suitable for tissue perfusion.
Participants must be 18 years or older with a primary diagnosis of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), a BDD Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (BDDY-BOCS) score of \>20, and a primary facial/head concern. Participants must have the ability to provide informed consent and understand study staff.