anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Cerebral ischemia-induced systemic inflammation and inflammasome-dependent pyroptotic cell death in ileum, causing serious intestinal injury. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mediates the effects of glucocorticoids and participates in inflammation. Escin has corticosteroid-like, neuroprotective, and anti-intestinal dysfunction effects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Escin on the intestinal barrier injury in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and on Caco-2 cells exposed to lipopolysaccharides. The MCAO-caused brain injury was evaluated by assessing neurological function, cerebral infarct volume, and plasma corticosterone (Cort) levels. Intestinal injury was evaluated by observing the histopathological changes, assessing the intestinal barrier function, and determining blood FD4, endotoxin and IL-1β levels. The levels of the tight-junction proteins such as claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1, and proteins involved in the GR/p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3-inflammasome activation were evaluated using western blotting or immunofluorescence. Administration of Escin suppressed the cerebral ischemia-induced increases in Garcia-test scores and infarct volume, alleviated the injury to the intestinal barrier, and decreased the levels of Cort, endotoxin, and IL-1β. Additionally, Escin upregulated GR and downregulated phospho(p)-p65, p-p38MAPK, NLRP3, GSDMD-N, and cleaved-caspase-1 in the intestine. The effects of Escin could be suppressed by the GR antagonist RU486 or enhanced by the p38 MAPK antagonist SB203580. We revealed details how Escin improves cerebral ischemia-induced intestinal barrier injury by upregulating GR and thereby inhibiting the pyroptosis induced by NF-κB-mediated NLRP3 activation. This study will provide a experimental foundation for the features of glucocorticoid-like activity and the discovery of new clinical application for Escin.
Hypotension — Patients on Diuretic Therapy: Patients on diuretics and especially those in whom diuretic therapy was recently instituted, may occasionally experience an excessive reduction of blood pressure after initiation of therapy with enalaprilat. The possibility of hypotensive effects with enalaprilat can be minimized by administration of an intravenous infusion of normal saline, discontinuing the diuretic or increasing the salt intake prior to initiation of treatment with enalaprilat. If it is necessary to continue the diuretic, provide close medical supervision for at least one hour after the initial dose of enalaprilat (See WARNINGS).

Agents Causing Renin Release: The antihypertensive effect of enalaprilat injection appears to be augmented by antihypertensive agents that cause renin release (e.g., diuretics).

Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents: In some patients with compromised renal function who are being treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the co-administration of enalapril may result in a further deterioration of renal function. These effects are usually reversible.

Other Cardiovascular Agents: Enalaprilat injection has been used concomitantly with digitalis, beta adrenergic-blocking agents, methyldopa, nitrates, calcium-blocking agents, hydralazine and prazosin without evidence of clinically significant adverse interactions.

Agents Increasing Serum Potassium: Enalaprilat injection attenuates potassium loss caused by thiazide-type diuretics. Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone, triamterene, or amiloride), potassium supplements, or potassium-containing salt substitutes may lead to significant increases in serum potassium. Therefore, if concomitant use of these agents is indicated because of demonstrated hypokalemia, they should be used with caution and with frequent monitoring of serum potassium.

Lithium: Lithium toxicity has been reported in patients receiving lithium concomitantly with drugs which cause elimination of sodium, including ACE inhibitors. A few cases of lithium toxicity have been reported in patients receiving concomitant enalapril and lithium and were reversible upon discontinuation of both drugs. It is recommended that serum lithium levels be monitored frequently if enalaprilat is administered concomitantly with lithium.
Approximately 6% of the 1144 patients receiving escitalopram in controlled trials of Lexapro in major depressive disorder and GAD were 60 years of age or older; elderly patients in these trials received daily doses of Lexapro between 10 and 20 mg. The number of elderly patients in these trials was insufficient to adequately assess for possible differential efficacy and safety measures on the basis of age. Nevertheless, greater sensitivity of some elderly individuals to effects of Lexapro cannot be ruled out. 

SSRIs and SNRIs, including Lexapro, have been associated with cases of clinically significant hyponatremia in elderly patients, who may be at greater risk for this adverse event [see Hyponatremia (5.6)]. 

In two pharmacokinetic studies, escitalopram half-life was increased by approximately 50% in elderly subjects as compared to young subjects and Cmax was unchanged [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. 10 mg/day is the recommended dose for elderly patients [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)]. 

Of 4422 patients in clinical studies of racemic citalopram, 1357 were 60 and over, 1034 were 65 and over, and 457 were 75 and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but again, greater sensitivity of some elderly individuals cannot be ruled out.
During gestation, maternal blood flow to the umbilical cord and placenta increases, facilitating efficient nutrient absorption, waste elimination, and effective gas exchange for the developing fetus. However, the effects of exposure to wood smoke during this period on these processes are unknown. We hypothesize that exposure to PM2.5, primarily sourced from wood combustion for home heating, affects placental vascular morphophysiology and fetal size. We used exposure chambers that received either filtered or unfiltered air. Female rats were exposed to PM2.5 during pre-gestational and/or gestational stages. Twenty-one days post-fertilization, placentas were collected via cesarean section. In these placentas, oxygen diffusion capacity was measured, and the expression of angiogenic factors was analyzed using qPCR and immunohistochemistry. In groups exposed to PM2.5 during pre-gestational and/or gestational stages, a decrease in fetal weight, crown-rump length, theoretical and specific diffusion capacity, and an increase in HIF-1α expression were observed. In groups exposed exclusively to PM2.5 during the pre-gestational stage, there was an increase in the expression of placental genes Flt-1, Kdr, and PIGF. Additionally, in the placental labyrinth region, the expression of angiogenic factors was elevated. Changes in angiogenesis and angiogenic factors reflect adaptations to hypoxia, impacting fetal growth and oxygen supply. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that exposure to PM2.5, emitted from wood smoke, in both pre-gestational and gestational stages, affects fetal development and placental health. This underscores the importance of addressing air pollution in areas with high levels of wood smoke, which poses a significant health risk to pregnant women and their fetuses.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a peptide useful for preventing an infection with hepatitis C virus(HCV). SOLUTION: This peptide comprises an amino acid sequence represented by the formula X1aa-X2aa-Gln-X3aa-Ile-Gln-Leu (X1aa, X2aa and X3aa are each an arbitrary amino acid) and can be combined with a neutralization antibody in a chimpanzee serum for preventing an infection with HCV. This vaccine comprises the peptide as a main component. This antibody is obtained by using the peptide as an immunogen. This diagnostic is obtained by using the peptide and the antibody. This therapeutic agent is obtained by using the peptide and the antibody.
The target population consists of the dynamic cohort of all Catalan residents during the 6-year period 2014-2019. Annual total population of Catalonia is between 7.5-7.6 million, with annual rates for immigration, emigration, birth and death being \~2.5%, \~1.9%, \~0.9%, and \~0.8%, respectively. Based on these figures, we expect a maximum of \~9.1 million individuals with Catalan residency status on at least one point in time over the 2014-2019 period. However, we expect SA in Catalonia to be extremely rare before the age of 10, in line with findings that self-injurious behaviour generally occurs as from the adolescent period. We will therefore exclude cases and controls that have not reached age 10 by the end of the 2014-2019 period (i.e., \~10.9%), lowering the total expected target population to \~8.1 million.
Subjects will be administered a placebo and a maximum of 5 DMT bolus doses in an escalating dose order. The bolus applications will be separated by one hour.
BACKGROUND: Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME), a novel approach for treating low rectal cancer, holds promise. However, concerns exist in certain countries about their oncologic safety due to less-than-optimal outcomes on global studies. This research seeks to evaluate the long-term oncologic outcomes focusing on local recurrence rate and overall survival after TaTME surgery in Germany.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study analyzed data from patients who underwent elective TaTME surgery between 2014 and 2021 in four certified colorectal cancer centers in Germany. Primary endpoints were 3-year local recurrence rate and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS). Secondary outcomes encompassed overall survival (OS), operative time, completeness of local tumor resection, lymph node resection, and postoperative complications.
RESULTS: A total of 378 patients were analyzed (mean age 61.6 years; 272 males, 72%). After a median follow-up period of 2.5 years, 326 patients with UICC-stages I-III and tumor operability included in survival analyses. Local recurrence was observed in 8 individuals, leading to a 3-year cumulative local recurrence rate of 2.2% and a 3-year LRFS rate of 88.1%. The 3-year OS rate stood at 88.9%. Within 30 days after surgery, anastomotic leakage occurred in 19 cases (5%), whereas a presacral abscess was present in 12 patients (3.2%).
CONCLUSION: TaTME proves effective in addressing the anatomical and technical challenges of low rectal surgery and is associated with pleasing short- and long-term results. However, its safe integration into surgical routine necessitates sufficient knowledge and a previously completed training program.
3:4 - Dihydro - 1:2:4 - benzothiadiazine - 1:1 - dioxides of the formula: <FORM:0946864/C2/1> in which R1 is halogen, e.g. Cl or Br, or CF3, R2 is hydrogen or a C1-6 aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, a C3-6 monocyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon, e.g. cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl, radical, an alkyl group substituted by a C3-6 monocyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon radical or a phenyl, phenylalkyl or phenylalkyl radical, all of which radicals may optionally bear halogen, nitro or esterified or etherified hydroxy or mercapto substituents, R3 and R4 are hydrogen or alkyl, phenyl, phenylalkyl or C3-6 monocyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon groups or alkyl groups substituted by a C3-6 monocyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group, or R3 and R4 form with the N-atom of the sulphamoyl group a heterocyclic ring such as piperidine, pyrrolidine or morpholine and R5 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl or alkenyl group, are prepared by treating a disulphide of the formula: <FORM:0946864/C2/2> wherein X is an amino group and Y is a substituted or unsubstituted sulphamyl group or X and Y together with the two carbon atoms of the benzene ring form a dihydrothiadiazine ring (optionally bearing substituents R2 and R5), with oxidising and sulphonyl halide forming agents, e.g. (a) with hydrogen peroxide to give a sulphinic acid which is then treated with an aqueous solution of a halogen, (b) with an excess of hydrogen peroxide to give a suplhonic acid which is halogenated with an inorganic acid halide, or (c) in one step by treating the compound of formula II with chlorine; treating the 2 - sulphamoyl-aniline - 4 - sulphonyl halide if formed i.e. in the case where X is amino and Y is sulphamoyl with an aldehyde R2CHO to effect cyclization and condensing the resulting 3,4 - dihydrobenzo -thiadiazine - 7 - sulphonyl halide with ammonia or an amine R3-NH-R4.  Bis - (6 - R1 - 3,4 - dihydro - 1,2,4 - benzothiadiazine - 1,1 - dioxide-7) - disulphides corresponding to the formula II wherein X and Y form a dihydrothiadiazine ring, are prepared by treating a 5 - R1 - 2 - sulphamyl - aniline with thiocyanogen in acetic acid, treating the resulting 4-thiocyanate with ammonia to give a bis-(2-R1-4-amino-5-sulphamyl - phenyl) - disulphide and condensing with an aldehyde R2CHO.  Cyclopentyl - acetaldehyde - dimethylacetal is made by reaction of methylorthoformate with cyclopentylmethyl magnesium bromide.  Specifications 847,064, 861,367 and 863,474 are referred to.
Diabetes Telehealth Management (DTM), based on the 2018 ADA Standards for Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), uses smart devices to share information between patients, caregivers, and clinicians. DTM includes:1) weekly real time "virtual" visit between patient and clinician 2) vital signs monitoring/interpretation 3) diabetes management 4) patient interactive educational videos and "teach back" quizzes, reinforcing self-management strategies 5) a caregiver app with supportive capability.
This group will wear a flat insole. It is made from ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer with 4mm thickness. It only provide shock absorbtion.
FIELD: organic chemistry, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention describes the novel substituted derivative of amidinobenzene of the general formula (I)   or its salt where R 1  means the group that can be converted to amidine group in vivo and taken among of hydroxyamidino-group or lower alkoxycarbonylamidino-group; R 2  and R 3  are similar or different and each means carboxyl group or lower (alkoxy)-carbonyl group; X 1  and X 2  are similar or different and each means lower alkylene group; m = 0 or 1; n = 0 or 1 under condition that if m = 0 then n = 1. Compound shows antagonistic activity with respect to receptor GPIIb/IIIa and can be used as drug for relief of ischemic cardial diseases, additional agents in cardiac and vascular operations, relief of cardiovascular diseases and as drug for relief of peripheral arteries diseases. Also, compound can be used as prodrug showing very high oral absorption ability and prolonged effect. Invention describes a pharmaceutical composition based on the compound proposed also. EFFECT: new compound indicated above, valuable medicinal properties. 5 cl, 1 dwg, 9 tbl, 10 ex
The progression of kidney disease varies among individuals, but a general methodology to quantify disease timelines is lacking. Particularly challenging is the task of determining the potential for recovery from acute kidney injury following various insults. Here, we report that quantitation of post-transcriptional adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing offers a distinct genome-wide signature, enabling the delineation of disease trajectories in the kidney. A well-defined murine model of endotoxemia permitted the identification of the origin and extent of A-to-I editing, along with temporally discrete signatures of double-stranded RNA stress and adenosine deaminase isoform switching. We found that A-to-I editing of antizyme inhibitor 1 (AZIN1), a positive regulator of polyamine biosynthesis, serves as a particularly useful temporal landmark during endotoxemia. Our data indicate that AZIN1 A-to-I editing, triggered by preceding inflammation, primes the kidney and activates endogenous recovery mechanisms. By comparing genetically modified human cell lines and mice locked in either A-to-I-edited or uneditable states, we uncovered that AZIN1 A-to-I editing not only enhances polyamine biosynthesis but also engages glycolysis and nicotinamide biosynthesis to drive the recovery phenotype. Our findings implicate that quantifying AZIN1 A-to-I editing could potentially identify individuals who have transitioned to an endogenous recovery phase. This phase would reflect their past inflammation and indicate their potential for future recovery.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: additionally to complex therapy uninterrupted fomentation of mammary glands and axillary space takes place. The process is carried out with the help of befungine within 8-14 days. If symptoms of mammary gland inflammation take places then wiping with 50 ml of mercury chloride solution in semidry grape wine at ratio 1: 3000 is carried out. The process is followed by peroral injection of befungine, its dose being a table spoon 3 times a day in 30 min before meal. Dilution of preparation is 3 tea spoons per 150 ml of warm water. Said preparation is used within 5-7 months, protein products being excluded of food allowance. EFFECT: improves efficiency of the method.
Part B will include participants with moderate-to-severe RA. Part B will have only 1 cohort (Cohort 4). Participants in Cohort 4 will be randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive either GS-0272 or placebo for 12 weeks.
Based on postmarketing reports, pediatric patients treated with doxorubicin hydrochloride are at risk for developing late cardiovascular dysfunction. Risk factors include young age at treatment (especially < 5 years), high cumulative doses and receipt of combined modality therapy. Long-term periodic cardiovascular monitoring is recommended for all pediatric patients who have received doxorubicin hydrochloride. Doxorubicin hydrochloride, as a component of intensive chemotherapy regimens administered to pediatric patients, may contribute to prepubertal growth failure and may also contribute to gonadal impairment, which is usually temporary. 

There are no recommended dose adjustments based on age. Doxorubicin clearance was increased in patients aged 2 years to 20 years as compared to adults, while doxorubicin clearance was similar in infants less than 2 years as compared to adults [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
The present invention relates to a medicine and a treating method for rapidly treating toothache. The specific traditional Chinese medicine of the present invention comprises the raw material of the following proportion by weight: 2.5 to 3.5 parts of alcohol, 2.5 to 3.5 parts of long pepper, 2.5 to 3.5 parts of snake skin and 1.20 to 3.5 parts of asarum herb. Before a patient with toothache uses the medicine, the patient takes an antibiotic medicine as required. The traditional Chinese medicine is ground into powder to be prepared into pasty medicine by the alcohol, the pasty medicine is dipped by a cotton swab to be coated on the gingiva of the patient for 1 minute, ache is alleviated, and toothache is cured if the patient takes antibiotic medicines on time after no ache. The medicine and the treating method can rapidly improve cure speed, and can rapidly solve the problem of toothache. The present invention is a big gospel for toothache patients.
Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S has developed a new ZOMACTON 10 mg formulation. The formulation provides a higher concentration and thereby a smaller volume to be administered. ZomaJet Vision X is a needle-free injection system. It sends a thin jet of ZOMACTON through the skin and into the subcutaneous tissue without the use of a needle. The mode of administration is referred to as "transjection". By use of ZomaJet Vision X, both transjection and reconstitution of ZOMACTON 10 mg can be done without using a needle. The rationale of the study is to describe the local tolerability of the new ZOMACTON 10 mg administered by ZomaJet Vision X.
Firefighters often experience low back pain (LBP), but their back muscle characteristics are not well studied. This study aimed to 1) compare the biomechanical characteristics of back muscles and self-reported back disabilities in frontline firefighters with and without LBP history, and 2) examine the relationships between back disability and biomechanical measurements. We recruited 42 male firefighters and assessed their perceived pain and disabilities, maximum isometric back extension strength, passive stiffness, and fatigability of the longissimus. 54.8% of the participants experienced LBP within the past year. Those indicating higher pain intensity also had greater disability as indicated by the Oswestry Disability Index. There were no significant differences in strength, stiffness or fatigability of the back muscles between firefighters with and without LBP history. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed no significant relationship between the back disability and any biomechanical or demographic measures, likely due to the high functional abilities of the participants.
Patients receive durvalumab IV over 60 minutes every 4 weeks. Treatment repeats every 4 weeks for up to 7 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Beginning week 2, patients undergo IMRT 5 fractions per week for up to 7 weeks.
Children above 10kg admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit at Great Ormond Street Hospital who are mechanically ventilated and have a high likelihood of developing a fever. Energy expenditure will be measured using indirect calorimetry at baseline, and continuously during fever, until fever subsides.
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a key antimicrobial feature of cellular innate immunity mediated by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). NETs counteract microbes but are also linked to inflammation in atherosclerosis, arthritis, or psoriasis by unknown mechanisms. Here, we report that NET-associated RNA (naRNA) stimulates further NET formation in naive PMNs via a unique TLR8-NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pathway. Keratinocytes respond to naRNA with expression of psoriasis-related genes (e.g., IL17, IL36) via atypical NOD2-RIPK signaling. In vivo, naRNA drives temporary skin inflammation, which is drastically ameliorated by genetic ablation of RNA sensing. Unexpectedly, the naRNA-LL37 'composite damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP)' is pre-stored in resting neutrophil granules, defining sterile NETs as inflammatory webs that amplify neutrophil activation. However, the activity of the naRNA-LL37 DAMP is transient and hence supposedly self-limiting under physiological conditions. Collectively, upon dysregulated NET release like in psoriasis, naRNA sensing may represent both a potential cause of disease and a new intervention target.