anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
In the first meeting, each participant in the foot bath group was informed about the way of doing a footbath in practice. Each participant in the foot bath group was asked to apply a foot bath for 10 minutes, 3 times a week, and twice a day for 6 weeks. A plastic foot bath tub (42 x 37 x 12 cm) without a massage function is provided for each of the participant s (Figure 2D). In order not to miss the applications, the participant was followed up by phone on the specified days (3 times a week, Monday-Wednesday-Friday). Th participant was told that the foot bath water should be at 40 degrees celsius and that his feet should be kept in water for 10 minutes, approximately 10 cm above the ankle (24). The participant came to the clinic for the forms and protective sensory examination in the 2nd, 4th, and last week.
BACKGROUND: Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not only a response to pathophysiological events, but also plays a causative role in neurodegeneration. Cytoplasmic cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase (CARS) is considered to be a stimulant for immune responses to diseases; however, it remains unknown whether CARS is involved in the pathogenesis of AD.
METHODS: Postmortem human temporal cortical tissues at different Braak stages and AD patient-derived serum samples were used to investigate the changes of CARS levels in AD by immunocytochemical staining, real-time PCR, western blotting and ELISA. After that, C57BL/6J and APP/PS1 transgenic mice and BV-2 cell line were used to explore the role of CARS protein in memory and neuroinflammation, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Finally, the associations of morphological features among CARS protein, microglia and dense-core plaques were examined by immunocytochemical staining.
RESULTS: A positive correlation was found between aging and the intensity of CARS immunoreactivity in the temporal cortex. Both protein and mRNA levels of CARS were increased in the temporal cortex of AD patients. Immunocytochemical staining revealed increased CARS immunoreactivity in neurons of the temporal cortex in AD patients. Moreover, overexpression of CARS in hippocampal neurons induced and aggravated cognitive dysfunction in C57BL/6J and APP/PS1 mice, respectively, accompanied by activation of microglia and the TLR2/MyD88 signaling pathway as well as upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines. In vitro experiments showed that CARS treatment facilitated the production of proinflammatory cytokines and the activation of the TLR2/MyD88 signaling pathway of BV-2 cells. The accumulation of CARS protein occurred within dense-core Aβ plaques accompanied by recruitment of ameboid microglia. Significant upregulation of TLR2/MyD88 proteins was also observed in the temporal cortex of AD.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the neuronal CARS drives neuroinflammation and induces memory deficits, which might be involved in the pathogenesis of AD.
Compositions for reducing the emission of methane by ruminant animals are disclosed. The compositions include avian antibodies against methanogens generally found in the rumen of the animals. Egg contents of eggs from female birds inoculated with immunogenic compositions containing one or more methanogens or antigens derived from methanogens are used. The antibodies in the egg contents may be used directly without further purification, may be partially purified or purified. The compositions may be administered in drinking water or in animal feed. Administering of the anti-methanogenic composition reduces the emission of methane and increases the efficiency of feed conversion.
The efficacy of KEYTRUDA was investigated in a prospectively-planned retrospective analysis of 10 cohorts (A through J) of patients with various previously treated unresectable or metastatic solid tumors with high tumor mutation burden (TMB-H) who were enrolled in a multicenter, non-randomized, open-label trial, KEYNOTE-158 (NCT02628067). The trial excluded patients who previously received an anti-PD-1 or other immune-modulating monoclonal antibody, or who had an autoimmune disease, or a medical condition that required immunosuppression. Patients received KEYTRUDA 200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks until unacceptable toxicity or documented disease progression. Assessment of tumor status was performed every 9 weeks for the first 12 months and every 12 weeks thereafter.

The statistical analysis plan pre-specified ≥10 and ≥13 mutations per megabase using the FoundationOne CDx assay as cutpoints to assess TMB. Testing of TMB was blinded with respect to clinical outcomes. The major efficacy outcome measures were ORR and DoR in patients who received at least one dose of KEYTRUDA as assessed by BICR according to RECIST v1.1, modified to follow a maximum of 10 target lesions and a maximum of 5 target lesions per organ. 

In KEYNOTE-158, 1050 patients were included in the efficacy analysis population. TMB was analyzed in the subset of 790 patients with sufficient tissue for testing based on protocol-specified testing requirements. Of the 790 patients, 102 (13%) had tumors identified as TMB-H, defined as TMB ≥10 mutations per megabase. Among the 102 patients with TMB-H advanced solid tumors, the study population characteristics were: median age of 61 years (range: 27 to 80), 34% age 65 or older; 34% male; 81% White; and 41% ECOG PS of 0 and 58% ECOG PS of 1. Fifty-six percent of patients had at least two prior lines of therapy. 

Efficacy results are summarized in Tables 100 and 101.

In an exploratory analysis in 32 patients enrolled in KEYNOTE-158 whose cancer had TMB ≥10 mut/Mb and <13 mut/Mb, the ORR was 13% (95% CI: 4%, 29%), including two complete responses and two partial responses.
Purpose and Hypothesis: Global warming combined with increased frequency of heat waves exposes those who are working, exercising, or competing outdoors to considerable thermal strain. Excessive heat stress decreases exercise performance and can lead to heat illnesses. Deliberate serial exposure to natural (acclimatization) or artificial (acclimation) heat (HA) is the most efficacious method to defend homeostasis at rest and during exercise in hot environments. Our project will determine if three weeks of heat acclimation maintenance (HAM) further potentiates exercise performance in the heat than exercise performance measured after 10 days of HA in females.

Justification: Female participation in arduous occupations and professional sport is increasing. Presently a paucity of data regarding the female response to heat acclimation exist. Findings from this study will help females undertake effective and efficient strategies to mitigate thermal strain.

Research design: This is an experimental trial with a treatment and a control group. VO2max, plasma volume (PV), core temperature, and cardiac output will be measured pre-, mid-, and post-intervention. Participants will complete 10 sessions of HA over two weeks. Participants will then undergo three weeks of HAM with three heat sessions per week. A heat performance test will be completed pre-, mid-, and post-intervention to examine performance changes. A control group will complete the same test schedule but will not perform any HA or HAM.

Statistical analysis: Sample size will be 8 females in the experimental and 6 females in the control group. Data will be analyzed for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Descriptive statistics will be presented as the mean and standard deviation. Statistical significance will be determined at P \<0.05. A two-way repeated measure ANOVA will be used to measure differences between groups and hemodynamic, cardiovascular and performance variable differences pre- and post-HA, and pre- post-HAM. If significant effects are present, these will be followed by a post-hoc Tukey's test. Pearson's r correlations (two-tailed) will be conducted between VO2max, and intravascular volumes and heat performance test outcome.
PURPOSE: A composition containing a photosensitizer with cancer chemotherapeutic agent-chlorine derivative assembly is provided to reduce toxicity of the chemotherapeutic agent. CONSTITUTION: A cancer chemotherapeutic agent-chlorine derivative assembly has a structure of chemical formula 1, 2 or 3. The cancer chemotherapeutic agent is cisplatin or paclitaxel. A composition for treating cancer contains the assembly as an active ingredient. A kit for treating cancer comprises the composition and light source for irradiating 650 nm-800 nm of beam. A photosensitizer contains the assembly.
New and better strategies for the treatment of HCV in HIV/HCV-coinfected people are urgently needed. Standard therapy for HCV includes treatment with peginterferon plus ribavirin. Peginterferon is a modified form of the drug interferon and is used either alone or in combination with ribavirin for the treatment of HCV. Ribavirin works by stopping HCV from multiplying inside the body. Sustained virologic response rates in past large studies of peginterferon plus ribavirin used for treating HCV types 1 or 4 ranged from 11% to 29%. Studies have shown that insulin resistance in HCV-infected people who are HIV uninfected leads to poorer HCV treatment response. Improving the body's response to insulin may also improve the outcome of treatment for HCV.

Participants in this study will take pioglitazone alone for up to 28 weeks. At Entry and Weeks 2, 4, 8, 12,18, and 24 participants will receive clinical assessments. At Week 24, participants will undergo additional tests to ensure that they can enter Step 2 of the study. Participants who are able to continue will then take peginterferon and ribavirin in addition to the pioglitazone for up to 48 additional weeks. Clinical assessments will take place at the time of entry and Weeks 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 of Step 2. Participants who do not exhibit a response to the treatment at Weeks 12 or 24 will not continue Step 2, as it is unlikely that further treatment will elicit a response. Participants who continue in the study will return to the study site for clinical assessments at Weeks 32, 40, and 48 of Step 2. Follow-up visits will be held at Weeks 60 and 72. The assessments done at clinic visits may include any or all of the following tests: thyroid function, hematology and chemistry, fasting plasma glucose, liver function, gamma-glutamyl transferase, pregnancy, CD4/CD8, HIV-1 RNA, qualitative HCV RNA, and quantitative HCV RNA.

On November 18, 2011 the study was closed to accrual due to not meeting targeted accrual goals.
The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the Mulligan and Maitland techniques on pain, range of joint motion, functionality, joint position sense, and quality of life in individuals diagnosed with rotator cuff lesions. Individuals diagnosed with a rotator cuff lesion and admitted to Medipol University Hospital will be included in the study. Participants will be randomly divided into three groups. A conventional treatment program will be applied to individuals in all three groups five days a week for three weeks. The first group will only receive conventional treatment. The second group will receive conventional treatment plus the Mulligan technique. The third group will receive conventional treatment plus the Maitland technique. The conventional treatment program will be applied to all participants included in the study, consisting of wand, codman, active and passive stretching exercises, and TENS. This program will be administered to all patients five days a week. Wand exercises will be applied in the directions of flexion, abduction, extension, internal and external rotation, and will consist of 10 repetitions. Codman exercises will be applied in the directions of flexion, abduction, and circular, and will also consist of 10 repetitions. Active and passive stretching exercises will be applied in the directions of flexion, abduction, and external rotation, and will consist of 10 repetitions. TENS application will be administered for 20 minutes at 100Hz. All these exercises will be applied to the control, Mulligan, and Maitland groups.

Mulligan Group: The mobilization with movement technique, a part of Mulligan applications, will be performed twice a week in the directions of flexion, abduction, and external rotation.

Maitland Group: The Maitland application will be applied in the anterior-posterior, posterior-anterior, and caudal directions. The Maitland application will be administered at grades 2-3. Patients in this group will receive the application in five sets of 30 seconds, twice a week.
Sodium intake is a major contributor to the development of hypertension in the developed world. Interestingly, it has been recently revealed that, in addition to the cardiovascular dysfunction associated with high sodium intake-induced hypertension, individuals who have unaltered blood pressure after chronic high sodium intake, termed salt resistant, report similar reductions in cardiovascular function when compared to salt sensitive individuals. While the extent to which this high sodium intake negatively alters cardiovascular structure as well as function is currently being explored, little is known about how high sodium intake impacts vascular function and blood flow regulation during exercise. Therefore, this study will determine if alterations in sodium intake alter peripheral vascular function and exercise tolerance in young individuals. The investigators hypothesize that increases in sodium intake will reduce exercise-induced arterial dilation in response to shear and result in exercise intolerance, via impaired functional sympatholysis, at moderate-to-high exercise workloads. Furthermore, the investigators hypothesize that these changes in blood flow regulation and exercise tolerance in young individuals will be reversed following antioxidant supplementation, implicating the role of oxidative stress in this dysfunction.
BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization (WHO) encourages all member states to adopt and implement a package of essential evidence-based interventions called the Best Buys to reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). To date, little is known about the implementation of national policies and interventions for NCD control in the WHO member states in sub-Saharan Africa. Our study aimed to evaluate the implementation of national policies and interventions (WHO Best Buys) for non-communicable disease prevention and control in Ghana.
METHODS: This was explanatory mixed methods research which started with a document review of Ghana's WHO Best Buys scores from the 2015, 2017, 2018, 2020 and 2022 WHO NCD Progress Monitor Reports. Thereafter, we conducted 25 key informant interviews and one focus group discussion (11 participants) with key policymakers and stakeholders in the NCD landscape in Ghana to understand the implementation of the NCD policies and interventions, and the policy implementation gaps and challenges faced. Data from the NCD Progress reports were presented using mean scores whilst the qualitative data was analysed thematically.
RESULTS: Ghana has shown some advancements in the implementation of the WHO Best Buys measures. Ghana's implementation scores for 2015, 2017, 2020 and 2022 were 5.0, 9.0, 5.0 and 5.5 respectively, against the mean implementation scores of 7.6/19 for lower-middle-income countries and 9.5/19 for upper-middle-income countries. Efforts to decrease major risk factors such as excessive alcohol consumption and unhealthy diet have been progressing slowly. The most common challenges were related to a) the role of socio-cultural factors, b) stakeholder engagement, c) enforcement and implementation of public health policies, d) implementation guidelines, e) public awareness and education on NCDs, f) financing of NCD prevention and control, g) curative-centered health systems, and h) over-centralization of NCD care.
CONCLUSION: Ghana has made progress in adopting the WHO Best Buys targeting risk factors of NCDs. However, the country faces contextual barriers to effective implementation. With the retrogression of some measures over time despite making progress in some earlier years, further investigation is needed to identify facilitators for sustained implementation of the WHO Best Buys interventions.
The present invention relates to a micro needle sheet structure and a manufacturing method thereof. The micro needle structure comprises: a plate type sheet unit which is attached to one surface of a skin care pack provided as a porous body containing medicinal liquid for skin care; a hook unit which is formed by protruding as a hook shape from one surface of the sheet unit toward the skin care pack in order to be fixed to the skin care pack as a Velcro type; a needle unit which is formed by sharply protruding from the other surface of the sheet unit; a hook incisura unit which is formed as an open portion identical to the hook unit on the sheet unit adjacent to the hook unit; and a needle incisura unit which is formed as an open portion identical to the needle unit on the sheet unit adjacent to the needle unit. The hook unit and the needle unit are formed when a part of the sheet unit is cut as shapes of the hook unit and the needle unit to be curved to the one surface and the other surface, respectively, from the sheet unit and the hook incisura unit and the needle incisura unit are open portions remaining after the part of the sheet unit corresponding to the hook unit and the needle unit is cut and curved. According to the present invention, since the needle unit may be inserted into skin when used, the medicinal liquid of the skin care pack smoothly penetrates the skin. In addition, the needle unit and the hook unit are formed in a way, in which the part of the sheet unit is cut and curved, to be conveniently manufactured. Since the needle unit is formed in the direction of being inclined to the sheet unit and the skin, the needle unit is naturally bent when pressure over a reference pressure is applied, thereby minimizing damage of skin tissues such as scratches.
Our research team has designed a prototype of posture correction girdle based on the clinical, textile science, material and ergonomics engineering analyses as an alternative to hard brace for AIS. The design of the posture correction girdle incorporates different mechanisms, such as 1) compression and pulling forces through a close fit of the intimate apparel, 2) lumbar flexion by using supporting belt, 3) transverse forces applied by inserting pads inside the pocket lining by using the principle of the 3-point pressure system.
The aim of this review is to provide a critical summary of studies published during 2023 that contribute to our understanding of Behçet's syndrome. An increase in the incidence of BS was reported in Northern Spain after 2014.Studies on patient perspectives showed the impact of Behçet's syndrome on quality of life, daily activities, education, work, and relationships. Differences in genetics among Behçet's syndrome patients with different types of organ involvement were reported and an association between HLA-B/MICA and SLCO4A1 polymorphisms and eye involvement and between DDX60L polymorphisms and nervous system involvement were observed. It was suggested that Integrin α9β1 plays a crucial role in the neutrophil-mediated inflammatory pathways underlying this syndrome and the dysfunction of the PDL1/PD-1 pathway may be associated with the hyperactivity of the Th-1/Th-17 axis. Vein wall thickness seems to be increased in patients with Behçet's syndrome, but its pathogenetic and clinical implications are not clear. There is growing evidence regarding the efficacy of TNF inhibitors in different types of organ involvement. A number of small case series point out to the potential role of TCZ and JAK inhibitors.
Patients undergo radiotherapy once daily, 5 days a week, for 5.5 weeks. Beginning concurrently with radiotherapy, patients receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours on days 1, 15, and 29 and fluorouracil IV continuously for 5.5 weeks. Beginning 4-6 weeks after the completion of chemoradiotherapy, patients receive gemcitabine IV over 30 minutes on days 1 and 8. Treatment with gemcitabine repeats every 21 days for 4 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is an essential mechanism responsible for the selective degradation of substrate proteins via their conjugation with ubiquitin. Since cardiomyocytes have very limited self-renewal capacity, as they are prone to protein damage due to constant mechanical and metabolic stress, the UPS has a key role in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. While altered proteasomal activity contributes to a variety of cardiac pathologies, such as heart failure and ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), the environmental cues affecting its activity are still unknown, and they are the focus of this work. Following a recent study by Ciechanover's group showing that amino acid (AA) starvation in cultured cancer cell lines modulates proteasome intracellular localization and activity, we tested two hypotheses in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs, CMs): (i) AA starvation causes proteasome translocation in CMs, similarly to the observation in cultured cancer cell lines; (ii) manipulation of subcellular proteasomal compartmentalization is associated with electrophysiological abnormalities in the form of arrhythmias, mediated via altered intracellular Ca2+ handling. The major findings are: (i) starving CMs to AAs results in proteasome translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, while supplementation with the aromatic amino acids tyrosine (Y), tryptophan (W) and phenylalanine (F) (YWF) inhibits the proteasome recruitment; (ii) AA-deficient treatments cause arrhythmias; (iii) the arrhythmias observed upon nuclear proteasome sequestration(-AA+YWF) are blocked by KB-R7943, an inhibitor of the reverse mode of the sodium-calcium exchanger NCX; (iv) the retrograde perfusion of isolated rat hearts with AA starvation media is associated with arrhythmias. Collectively, our novel findings describe a newly identified mechanism linking the UPS to arrhythmia generation in CMs and whole hearts.
PURPOSE: To provide an odorless sunscreen which protects human skin from UV rays and is further more effective than titanium dioxide and is nontoxic and harmless even when it is swallowed. CONSTITUTION: This compsn. contains a reaction product of calcium compd. with citric acid in a cosmetically allowed vehicle and is used to protect a skin from UV rays by locally applying on a skin. The reaction product is obtd. in 2.50:2 to 2.95:2 molar ratio of calcium to citrate, and the reaction product in 1% water slurry has about 4 to <7 pH at 25 deg.C. The reaction product is compounded in an effective amt. to protect a skin from UV rays when the comspn. is locally applied on a skin.