anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention relates to a new way for guiding a pharmaceutical to specific targets such as microorganisms as bacteria and viruses, tissue cells or tumor cells. The mechanism of targeting is characterized by a number of weakly interacting sites - Kass < ca 104 M-1 - which by cooperation can realize a strong and specific binding to the target which can be e.g. surface antigens on bacteria, viruses or tumor cells. Alternatively the target can be structures of the host cell which can interact with the foreign substance. This weak affinity pharmaceutical can act in different ways by preventing and blocking the binding of the microorganism/tumor cell to its target, host cell or by an improved targeting of the pharmaceutical to the specific binding place. The pharmaceutical system is generally composed of a number of weak affinity sites that is defined and with a specific configuration that a binding to the target is achieved. The combination of affinity sites is obtained by various carriers such as microparticulate substances, macromolecules and low molecular weight substances. In addition, substances are included such as cell poisons, which are used to destroy the invading microorganism/tumor cell.
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Ferroptosis plays an important role in cancer, SET and MYND domain-containing protein 2 (SMYD2) is widely expressed in various cancers. However, the role of SMYD2 in regulating ferroptosis in PC remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the role of SMYD2 in mediating ferroptosis and its mechanistic implications in PC progression.
METHODS: The levels of SMYD2, c-Myc, and NCOA4 were assessed in PC tissues, and peritumoral tissues. SMYD2 expression was further analyzed in human PC cell lines. In BxPC3 cells, the expression of c-Myc, NCOA4, autophagy-related proteins, and mitochondrial morphology, was evaluated following transfection with si-SMYD2 and treatment with autophagy inhibitors and ferroptosis inhibitors. Ferroptosis levels were quantified using flow cytometry and ELISA assays. RNA immunoprecipitation was conducted to elucidate the interaction between c-Myc and NCOA4 mRNA. A xenograft mouse model was constructed to validate the impact of SMYD2 knockdown on PC growth.
RESULTS: SMYD2 and c-Myc were found to be highly expressed in PC tissues, while NCOA4 showed reduced expression. Among the PC cell lines studied, BxPC3 cells exhibited the highest SMYD2 expression. SMYD2 knockdown led to decreased c-Myc levels, increased NCOA4 expression, reduced autophagy-related protein expression, mitochondrial shrinkage, and heightened ferroptosis levels. Additionally, an interaction between c-Myc and NCOA4 was identified. In vivo, SMYD2 knockdown inhibited tumor growth.
CONCLUSIONS: Targeting SMYD2 inhibits PC progression by promoting ferritinophagy-dependent ferroptosis through the c-Myc/NCOA4 axis. These findings provide insights into potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for PC.
Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. For decades, our institution has cared for humanitarian patients with late presentation of tetralogy of Fallot. They are characterized by severe right ventricular hypertrophy with consecutive diastolic dysfunction, increasing the risk of postoperative low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS). By right ventricular restrictive physiology, we hypothesized that patients receiving early postoperative beta-blockers (within 48 h after cardiopulmonary bypass) may have better diastolic function and cardiac output. This is a retrospective cohort study in a single-center tertiary pediatric intensive care unit. We included > 1-year-old humanitarian patients with a confirmed diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot undergoing a complete surgical repair between 2005 and 2019. We measured demographic data, preoperative echocardiographic and cardiac catheterization measures, postoperative mean heart rate, vasoactive-inotropic scores, LCOS scores, length of stay, and mechanical ventilation duration. One hundred sixty-five patients met the inclusion criteria. Fifty-nine patients (36%) received early postoperative beta-blockers, associated with a lower mean heart rate, higher vasoactive-inotropic scores, and lower LCOS scores during the first 48 h following cardiopulmonary bypass. There was no significant difference in lengths of stay and ventilation.    Conclusion: Early postoperative beta-blockers lower the prevalence of postoperative LCOS at the expense of a higher need for vasoactive drugs without any consequence on length of stay and ventilation duration. This approach may benefit the specific population of children undergoing a late complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot. What is Known: • Prevalence of low cardiac output syndrome is high following a late complete surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. What is New: • Early postoperative beta-blockade is associated with lower heart rate, prolonged relaxation time, and lower prevalence of low cardiac output syndrome. • Negative chronotropic agents like beta-blockers may benefit selected patients undergoing a late complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot, who are numerous in low-income countries.
Adenoid hypertrophy can lead to adenoidal mouth breathing, which can result in "adenoid face" and, in severe cases, can even lead to respiratory tract obstruction. The Fujioka ratio method, which calculates the ratio of adenoid (A) to nasopharyngeal (N) space in an adenoidal-cephalogram (A/N), is a well-recognized and effective technique for detecting adenoid hypertrophy. However, this process is time-consuming and relies on personal experience, so a fully automated and standardized method needs to be designed. Most of the current deep learning-based methods for automatic diagnosis of adenoids are CNN-based methods, which are more sensitive to features similar to adenoids in lateral views and can affect the final localization results. In this study, we designed a local attention-based method for automatic diagnosis of adenoids, which takes AdeBlock as the basic module, fuses the spatial and channel information of adenoids through two-branch local attention computation, and combines the downsampling method without losing spatial information. Our method achieved mean squared error (MSE) 0.0023, mean radial error (MRE) 1.91, and SD (standard deviation) 7.64 on the three hospital datasets, outperforming other comparative methods.
BACKGROUND: There is limited data on the reasons for escalation or de-escalation of COPD inhaled therapies in routine clinical practice, especially after the follow-up pharmacological treatment guidance on the 2019 GOLD report and the 2020 ERS guideline on ICS withdrawal.
METHODS: The STEPINCOPD study was a 12-week, two-visit, prospective observational study that aimed to describe the reasons for change of inhaled therapies, in accordance with GOLD recommendations 2021. Only patients that had a recent change in their inhaled medication were enrolled. Moreover, we investigated associations between physicians' and patients' characteristics and adherence to GOLD recommendations.
RESULTS: 1429 patients were enrolled from 146 centers (138 private practice and 8 hospitals) throughout Greece. At enrollment, the most frequent reasons for treatment change were lack of clinical (78.9%) or spirometric (49.5%) response to previous treatment, change in CAT score (45.1%), and mMRC score (28.2%). At the follow-up visit, most common reasons were lack of clinical response to previous treatment (71.4%), COPD exacerbations (59.5%), changes in CAT score (52.4%), lack of spirometric response (42.9%) and lower respiratory tract infections (31%). We observed high adherence to the GOLD 2021 recommendations (81.6% at enrollment and 92.9% at follow-up). Physicians' age and consideration of GOLD recommendations for prescription choice, as well as patients' CAT score were significant predictors of adherence to GOLD.
CONCLUSION: The STEPINCOPD study highlights the reasons for inhaled treatment change in Greek physicians with high adherence to GOLD recommendations and provides insights for future research that may inform the development of decision support tools.
Before initiating bexarotene therapy, obtain a CBC, fasting lipid profile, liver function tests, and a thyroid profile. Fasting triglycerides should be normal or normalized with appropriate intervention prior to therapy. Monitor lab tests during bexarotene therapy as described above. 

Hyperlipidemia usually occurs within the initial two to four weeks. Therefore, weekly lipid determinations are recommended during this interval. Subsequently, in patients not hyperlipidemic, determinations can be performed less frequently [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. 

A white blood cell count with differential should be obtained at baseline and periodically during treatment. Baseline liver function tests should be obtained and should be carefully monitored after one, two and four weeks of treatment initiation, and if stable, periodically thereafter during treatment. Baseline thyroid function tests should be obtained and then monitored during treatment as indicated [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6)].
BACKGROUND: Complement Factor H-Related protein 5 (CFHR5) belongs to the factor H/CFHR family and regulates the complement system by modulating factor H's inhibitory activity against C3b. Despite its known role, the impact of CFHR5 on autoimmune arthritis and its relationship to pathophysiological changes in arthritis and bone loss remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the effect of CFHR5 on aggressive osteoclast activity and arthritis using a murine model of collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA).
METHODS: The effect of recombinant CFHR5 protein (rCFHR5) on arthritis were evaluated in CAIA. The mice were divided into three group and intraperitoneally treated with rCFHR5, methotrexate (MTX) as positive control or PBS as negative control. In the CAIA mouse model, the rCFHR5-treated group significantly reduced the incidence and clinical arthritis equivalent to the MTX group. Clinical arthritis scores, incidence and body weight were measured, and histological analysis of ankle joints was performed by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and Safranin O - Fast green (SOFG), Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and Immunohistochemistry. Moreover, to investigate the rCFHR5 role, we isolated murine osteoclast precursor cells (OCPs) from each group, induced osteoclasts with M-CSF and RANKL, and performed TRAP and F-actin staining. To verify the mechanism, mRNA and protein analyses were performed in OCPs.
RESULTS: Histological examination of ankle joints revealed substantial reductions in synovial hyperplasia, bone marrow inflammation, bone erosion, cartilage destruction and TRAP-positive cells in the rCFHR5 group compared to the vehicle group. The ankle joints of the rCFHR5 group showed markedly decreased expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6). Mechanically, treatment with rCFHR5 inhibited RANKL-mediated osteoclast differentiation from OCPs and disrupted the RANK-JNK signaling. These findings demonstrate that treatment with rCFHR5 attenuates joint inflammation and reduces osteoclast differentiation, indicating its potential anti-inflammatory effect in autoimmune arthritis models.
The invention discloses a disinfectant and its preparation method. The disinfectant comprises a compound glutaraldehyde solution and a foaming agent. Volume ratio of the compound glutaraldehyde solution to the foaming agent is 5:1. The compound glutaraldehyde solution comprises glutaraldehyde, benzalkonium chloride, double-chain quaternary ammonium salt A, double-chain quaternary ammonium salt B, a nonionic surfactant A and a nonionic surfactant B. The double-chain quaternary ammonium salt A and the double-chain quaternary ammonium salt B are different substances. The nonionic surfactant A and the nonionic surfactant B are different substances. By cooperatively using glutaraldehyde, two kinds of double-chain quaternary ammonium salts and two kinds of nonionic surfactants, the synergistic effect is achieved, effects are enhanced, and sterilization is comprehensive.
Patients will not undergo monitoring with the FlowTrac/Vigileo system throughout the whole procedure. Anesthesiologists will rely on their clinical expertise and intraoperative circulatory hemodynamic assessment to regulate fluid infusion rates and administer medications as necessary to sustain a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of ≥ 80 mmHg until the conclusion of the surgical procedure.
Subjects in this group were healthy adult subjects aged 18 to 28 years at the time of enrolment and with previous completed primary and booster vaccination with a diphtheria-tetanus-whole cell pertussis vaccine completed by one additional booster dose of Boostrix™ vaccine, investigational formulation, at Day 0 in GSK 263855/029 study. These subjects received, as part of this NCT01147900 study, one further booster dose of Boostrix™ vaccine, reference formulation, at Year 10, 10 years after booster vaccination in the GSK 263855/029 study. The Boostrix™ vaccine was administered intramuscularly in the deltoid muscle of the non-dominant arm.
Risk Summary

There are no available data on the use of VisionBlue® 0.06% in pregnant women to inform a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Systemic absorption of VisionBlue® 0.06% in humans is expected to be negligible following injection and subsequent removal of the drug at the completion of surgical procedures. Adequate animal reproduction studies were not conducted with VisionBlue® 0.06%, however, trypan blue has been shown to be teratogenic in various animal models at doses 800-fold and greater than the maximum recommended human dose, based on body surface area (BSA).

Due to the negligible human systemic exposure when used as recommended, it is not expected that maternal use of VisionBlue® 0.06% will result in fetal exposure to the drug and risk of teratogenic effects.

Animal Data

Trypan blue is teratogenic in rats, mice, rabbits, hamsters, dogs, guinea pigs, pigs, and chickens. The majority of teratogenicity studies performed involve intravenous, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous administration in the rat. The teratogenic dose is 50 mg/kg as a single dose or 25 mg/kg/day during embryogenesis in the rat. Normalized to BSA, these doses are approximately 1,600- and 800-fold the maximum recommended human dose of 0.3 mg per injection (based on a 60 kg person), assuming complete systemic absorption of trypan blue. Characteristic anomalies included neural tube, cardiovascular, vertebral, tail, and eye defects. Trypan blue also caused an increase in post-implantation mortality and decreased fetal weight. In the monkey, trypan blue caused abortions with single or two daily doses of 50 mg/kg between 20th to 25th days of pregnancy, but no apparent increase in birth defects (approximately 3,200-fold the maximum recommended human dose based on BSA, assuming total absorption).
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Fremanezumab is an effective treatment for episodic (EM) and chronic migraine (CM) patients in Japan, but its cost effectiveness remains unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the cost effectiveness of fremanezumab compared with standard of care (SOC) in previously treated EM and CM patients from a Japanese healthcare perspective.
METHODS: Estimated regression models were implemented in a probabilistic Markov model to inform effectiveness and health-related quality-of-life data for fremanezumab and SOC. The model was further populated with data from the literature. The adjusted Japanese healthcare perspective included productivity losses. The main model outcomes were quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), costs (2022 Japanese Yen [¥]), and incremental outcomes including the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Analyses were performed separately for the EM and CM patients and combined. Costs and effects were discounted at an annual rate of 2.0%.
RESULTS: The mean QALYs over a 25-year time horizon for the EM and CM populations combined were 13.03 for SOC and 13.15 for fremanezumab. The associated costs were ¥27,550,292 for SOC and ¥28,371,048 for fremanezumab. QALYs were higher and costs lower for EM patients compared with CM patients for both fremanezumab and SOC. The deterministic ICERs of fremanezumab versus SOC were ¥6,334,861 for EM, ¥7,393,824 for CM, and ¥6,530,398 for EM and CM combined. Indirect costs and choice of mean migraine days model distribution had a substantial impact on the ICER.
CONCLUSION: Using fremanezumab in a heterogeneous mixture of Japanese EM and CM patients resulted in a reduction of monthly migraine days and thus more QALYs compared with SOC. The cost effectiveness of fremanezumab versus SOC in EM and CM patients resulted in an ICER of ¥6,530,398, from an adjusted Japanese public healthcare perspective.
The placebo protocol consists of 3 phases, baseline, training, and test. The baseline phase consists of 45 trials which calculates the balance point at which the participant rates a face as 'happy' rather than 'disgusted' over a continuum of 15 faces ranging from happy through ambiguous to disgust. 3 training blocks are then administered with 30 trials per block. Behavioural feedback is given during training (correct/incorrect) based on the participant's balance point at baseline. A test phase is then administered which is identical to the baseline phase to reassess the participant's balance point. The task takes approximately 15 minutes to complete all 3 phases.
Group contain 50 healthy women, age 18-45. Sera will be taken from the vein of the volunteered women. Investigators will not treat the women with any drug.
INTRODUCTION: hemorrhagic shock is a significant cause of trauma-related deaths in Brazil and worldwide. This study aims to compare BE and lactate values at ICU admission and twenty-four hours after in identifying tissue hypoperfusion and mortality.
METHODS: examines a historical cohort of trauma patients over eitheen years old submittet to damage control resuscitation approch upon hospital admission and were then admitted to the ICU. We collected and analyzed ISS, mechanism and type of trauma, need for renal replacement therapy, massive transfusion. BE, lactate, pH, bicarbonate at ICU admission and twenty-four hours later, and mortality data. The patients were grouped based on their BE values (≥-6 and <-6mmol/L), which were previously identified in the literature as predictors of severity. They were subsequently redivided using the most accurate values found in this sample. In addition to performing multivariate binary logistic regression. The data were compared using several statistical tests due to diversity and according to the indication for each variable.
RESULTS: there were significant changes in perfusion upon admission to the Intensive Care Unit. BE is a statistically significant value for predicting mortality, as determined by using values from previous literature and from this study.
CONCLUSION: the results demonstrate the importance of monitoring BE levels in the prediction of ICU mortality. BE proves to be a valuable bedside marker with quick results and wide availability.
Undesirable side effects such as pruritus and nausea are common with epidural morphine and are thought to be due to mu-opioid receptor stimulation at the supra-spinal level. Recent studies of epidural oxycodone for abdominal and gynaecological surgery have shown that it is as effective as morphine with fewer side effects by this route. This has not been established in patients undergoing caesarean section. Oxycodone is a semi-synthetic opioid derivative that resembles morphine structurally and has similar lipid solubility. It has been reported that the analgesic action of oxycodone is more rapid in onset when compared with morphine and is mediated by kappa-opioid receptors in the spinal cord. The significance of our study would be to establish that epidural oxycodone reduces the side effects of pruritus of epidural morphine whilst still maintaining similar analgesia.
An electrophysiological activity estimation method is used to estimate active areas of a selected part of a living body (e.g., human brain). Based on electromagnetic field distribution measured on a surface of the selected part of the living body as well as its shape, the method assumes each equivalent current dipole as a source of electromagnetic field distribution. At first, grid points are created to cover the selected part of the living body (e.g., head). Using the pseudoinverse, the method performs estimation of dipole distribution for equivalent current dipoles. Then, the equivalent current dipoles are subjected to sorting based on a priority order. An evaluation function (e.g., structural risk) is calculated in accordance with a square error between the measured electromagnetic field distribution and a theoretical value of electromagnetic field distribution caused by the equivalent current dipole, as well as a number of measuring points and a number of equivalent current dipoles. Estimation and calculations are repeated while changing a number of equivalent current dipoles in accordance with the priority order. Then, noise distribution is estimated in response to a minimum value of the evaluation function. So, the dipole distribution is estimated using the noise distribution. Thus, it is possible to obtain estimation results which are represented by a direction and magnitude of the equivalent current dipole as well as an appropriate number of equivalent current dipoles.
Agent DCB is a Monorail Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) balloon catheter with a semi-compliant balloon coated with a formulation of paclitaxel (drug) and an excipient, Acetyl-Tri-n-butyl citrate (ATBC). The balloon catheter platform is based on the commercially available BSC Emerge™ PTCA balloon catheter system (K130391).
Antibodies are disclosed which specifically bind to native PrP Sc  in situ. Preferred antibodies bind only to the native PrP Sc  of a particular species e.g., human, cow, sheep, pig, etc. Particularly preferred antibodies bind specifically to a particular isoform of human PrP Sc . Preferred antibodies of the invention are (1) produced by phage display methodology, (2) bind specifically to native PrP Sc , (3) neutralizes the infectivity of prions, (4) bind to PrP Sc  in situ and (5) bind 50% or more of PrP Sc  in a liquid flowable sample. Antibodies of the invention can be bound to a substrate and used to assay a sample (which has any PrP c  denatured via proteinase K) for the presence of PrP Sc  of a specific species which PrP Sc  is associated with disease. Antibodies which specifically bind to human PrP Sc  can be labeled and injected carrying out an in vivo diagnostic test to determine if the human is infected with prions associated with disease. The antibodies are preferably produced using phage display technology wherein the genetic material in the phage expressing the antibody is obtained from a mammal with an ablated endogenous PrP protein gene and an endogenous chimeric PrP gene which mammal had been inoculated with PrP Sc  to induce antibody production.