anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Ageing populations globally are associated with increased musculoskeletal disease, including osteoporosis and sarcopenia. These conditions place a significant burden of disease on the individual, society and the economy. To address this, we need to understand the underpinning biological changes, including stem cell exhaustion, which plays a key role in the ageing of the musculoskeletal system. This review of the recent evidence provides an overview of the associated biological processes. The review utilised the PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. Mechanisms of ageing identified involve a reaction to the chronic inflammation and oxidative stress associated with ageing, resulting in progenitor cell senescence and adipogenic differentiation, leading to decreased mass and quality of both bone and muscle tissue. Although the mechanisms underpinning stem cell exhaustion are unclear, it remains a promising avenue through which to identify new strategies for prevention, detection and management.
Cohort 2 will not receive any treatment during Phase 2 of the study, which is the first part of the clinical trial. They will serve as a comparison group for Cohort 1.
Healthy controls will undergo baseline structural MRI, task fMRI, rsfMRI, and baseline neuropsychological examinations prior as well as 2 months after baseline examinations. Furthermore all subjects will undergo additional neuropsychological examinations 12 months after baseline examination.
The investigator hypothesizes that children with a hyper-responsive HILD (Histamine Lontophoresis with Laser Doppler monitoring) response type are more likely to have improved asthma control after the addition of the antihistamine LTZ (Levocetirizine) to standard asthma regimen in comparison to children with hypo-responsive HILD type. This study will provide a model for a functional biomarker to inform decision making for therapeutics in children. This work is novel in testing and validating a biomarker accurately and predicting response to asthma treatment in children. This work is significant because it has the potential to alter the current treatment paradigms for children with asthma where response to treatment is predicted a priority. The proposed research will be immediately relevant by expanding knowledge in the field of asthma therapeutics by linking biologically and mechanistically based approaches to an effective and inexpensive treatment for asthma. The primary objective is to determine HILD prediction of therapeutic response in males and females 6-17 years old who identify as African American/Black and Caucasian/White to an antihistamine among children with allergic asthma, and the secondary objective is to develop a robust predictive model of therapeutic response to an antihistamine among children with allergic asthma. There will be 300 participants for approximately 17 weeks.

The primary outcome measure of therapeutic response to antihistamine will be determined by change in asthma control as guidelines recognize asthma control as a major goal of therapy. Asthma control will be determined based on the Asthma Control Test (ACT®) (children ≥ 12 years of age) or the Child-Asthma Control Test (C-ACT®) (children \<12 years of age), validated measures to assess asthma control in children. Children with an ACT or C-ACT score \<19 will be classified as having uncontrolled asthma. Assessments will occur at screening, visit 2, 3 and 4 (6 weeks after the participant is started on drug/placebo.) The secondary measures will include assessment of asthma impairment, risk, and quality of life. These assessments will occur at baseline/pre-dose, 6 weeks after starting drug/placebo, and 6 weeks after drug/placebo for both the LTZ and placebo arms.

The study team is utilizing HILD a surrogate marker of histamine response and will determine if HILD can predict which participants have improvement in asthma control after treatment with Levocetirizine.
The system for improving communication between a user and a caregiver within an environment such as a hospital includes a wireless communication network facilitating communication between a caregiver communication device and a user communication device. A customizable graphic user interface is displayed on a user communication device and displays GUI features available for selection by user input. Upon selection of a GUI feature by the user, a notification is sent to the caregiver communication device, alerting the caregiver of the need to attend to the user, e.g., a nurse to a patient. The GUI includes a graphical cursor that can be manipulated via user head tracking, enabling hands-free selection of GUI features and notification of caregivers by the users. The movements of the caregivers are tracked via the caregiver communication devices to register when a caregiver is in the proximity of the user to attended to the user request. The status of user requests are monitored and the response time for caregivers to the user requests are recorded to ensure sufficient attentiveness to the user.
Patients receive olaparib PO BID on days 1-28 of each cycle and selumetinib PO BID on days 1-28 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 12 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients deriving clinical benefit from treatment may, at the investigator's discretion and in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity, continue on therapy beyond the planned 13 cycles.
Women will be recruited from the community through flyers. They will call into a study phone line at which time they will be screened for their initial eligibility using a telephone screener. Women who are eligible and willing to participate, will either come to the Research Center in Winston-Salem to be consented and complete baseline questionnaires or complete these by mail or email. After two weeks, women will mail back their diaries and continue to record their daily hot flashes until they are notified by study staff of their eligibility, within a week of receiving the diary. If they qualify, a cooling mattress pad will be provided by study staff to be used for the duration of the intervention phase for approximately 8 weeks. The study staff will determine the efficacy of the cooling mattress pad through comparing answers to subject questionnaires at baseline and follow up in addition to comparing the baseline diaries to the intervention diaries.
BACKGROUND: Desmoplakin (DSP) pathogenic variants are rare causes of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy and often involve the right and left ventricles. Ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablations may be required in these patients, but procedural characteristics have not been reported.
OBJECTIVES: In this study, the authors sought to report a multicenter experience of VT ablation in patients with DSP pathogenic variants.
METHODS: VT ablations performed in patients with known DSP pathogenic variants were analyzed across 6 centers in 3 countries. Patient characteristics and acute and long-term procedural outcomes were reported.
RESULTS: A total of 20 patients (13 men, median age 43 years [Q1-Q3: 41.5-53.0 years], left ventricular ejection fraction 43.0% [Q1-Q3: 41.5%-53.0%], 11 previous failed ablations) were referred for VT ablation procedures. All patients had symptomatic VTs, with ICD therapy in 19 patients. Epicardial procedures were performed in 16 of the 20 patients. VT target sites were located in the right ventricular (RV) endocardium (n = 11), the RV epicardium (n = 4), the left ventricular (LV) endocardium (n = 2) and the LV epicardium (n = 7). In 3 patients, the VT target sites were in close proximity to coronary arteries, limiting ablation. During follow-up, VTs recurred in 11 patients, and repeated ablations were performed in 9 patients. Allowing for multiple procedures, 19 of the 20 patients remained free of VT recurrence after a median follow-up of 18 months [Q1-Q3: 5-60 months].
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with DSP cardiomyopathy often have biventricular involvement, and ablation procedures often require ablation in both ventricles and the epicardium. Recurrences are not uncommon, and the pathologic substrate can be located in close proximity to epicardial coronary arteries, limiting the success rate of ablations.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Fracture-related infections (FRIs) after osteosynthesis for hip fractures have not been thoroughly investigated. Our primary aim was to assess the association between FRIs and mortality after osteosynthesis for hip fracture. Secondary aims were to investigate the incidence, microbiology, and general epidemiological aspects of these FRIs.
METHODS: This retrospective single-center study included 1,455 patients > 18 years old with non-pathological hip fractures treated with osteosynthesis between 2015 and 2019. Medical records were reviewed and FRIs were diagnosed based on current consensus criteria. The follow-up period was 2 years. Mortality was estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Cox regression analyses were performed to investigate the potential association between FRIs, as a time-dependent variable, and increased mortality.
RESULTS: The median age for the entire cohort was 83 (interquartile range 75-89) years and 69% were females. At the 2-year follow-up mark, the crude mortality rate was 33% in the non-FRI group and 69% (11 of 16 patients) in the FRI group. Cox regression analysis assessing mortality risk revealed a hazard ratio of 3.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.9-6.4) when adjusted for confounders. The incidence of FRI was 1.1% (16 of 1,455 patients). Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen. Most FRI patients (94%) required at least 1 revision and 56% underwent ≥ 2 revision.
CONCLUSION: We found an association between FRIs after hip fracture osteosynthesis and increased mortality, underscoring the critical need for FRI prevention measures in this frail patient group. The incidence and microbiological findings were consistent with previous studies.
PURPOSE:To provide a novel trichogenous agent having excellent trichogenous effect, containing, as active ingredient, an extract (or its hydrolyzate) of Kadsura japonica or its tissue-cultured product. CONSTITUTION:The leaves, stems or fruits of Kadsura japonica, or the fragmented tissue thereof (e.g. root end tissue) is put into a solid or liquid medium followed by incubation into a seed culture solution, which is then put into a liquid medium and incubated ; and the resulting culture solution is e.g. centrifuged. The resulting extract as residue of the cultured product or its hydrolyzate is the active ingredient of the objective trichogenous agent. This agent can be used in the form of hair liquid, hair tonic, hair lotion, hair cream, etc., having excellent trichogenous effect.
Automated personalised nutrition recommendation method. Includes a data acquisition module for collecting genotype and phenotype data, historical diagnosis and medication data and environmental parameters 204. Said data is processed by a processing unit 206. A server is configured to store personal data and information from the data acquisition module 208. Biomarkers are identified and validated 210. Biomarkers falling within a threshold range are stored in the bio-information server 212 and compared with data stored within said server 214. A nutrition deficit report is generated 216 and used to calculate personalised nutrition plan(s) 218 which are displayed to the end user 220. The processing unit analyses collected data and determines and stores required nutrition value(s) and the best food(s) available in a geographic location to provide the required nutrition value for the end user. The system includes a user module that can access the data of end-users, a communication unit for establishing communication across the user module, data acquisition module and bio-information server.
Gastroesophageal reflux can result in mild to severe symptoms in some persons. Heartburn, a burning sensation or discomfort rising behind the breastbone, is a common symptom. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can be described as a condition with clearly identified clinical symptoms or the change in tissue structure that results from the reflux of contents from the stomach or small intestine into the esophagus. This is a study to confirm the safety and effectiveness of rabeprazole in the treatment of patients with GERD in routine primary health care. The study has two phases. Patients will receive treatment with rabeprazole tablets once daily for 8 weeks. In the second phase, patients will be monitored by their physician for a follow up period to end of study (12 months). Safety assessments include the incidence of adverse events throughout the treatment and follow up phases, and physical examination and laboratory tests at end of treatment and after 4 months. Assessments of effectiveness include the degree of relief of symptoms at beginning and end of treatment and at specific intervals during follow up. The study hypothesis is that rabeprazole is well-tolerated with long term treatment of patients with GERD in routine primary health care. Rabeprazole tablet (20 milligrams\[mg\]) once daily in the morning for 8 weeks. Dose may be increased to 2 tablets daily (40 mg maximum) at investigator's discretion.
Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is one of the most common pathologies seen in emergency gynaecology practice. Early diagnostic of this situation is a clinical objective because it remains an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Currently, transvaginal ultrasound scan (TVS) allow ascertain the location of the pregnancy. However, the diagnosis of EP is complicated by a nonspecific clinical presentation and the inconclusive results in some cases of transvaginal ultrasound at first presentation. For this reason several biomarkers have been investigated to accurately detect the establishment of pregnancy and predict its outcome as early as possible.

These biomarkers include: markers of abnormal embryo/trophoblast growth (β-subunit of HCG, Activin A, etc), markers of abnormal corpus luteum function (progesterone, inhibin A, etc), markers of a growing pregnancy in the Fallopian tube (creatine kinase, vascular endothelial growth factor, etc), markers of inflammation and peritoneal irritation (cancer antigen 125, interleukin-6, etc), and uterine markers of normal implantation (leukaemia inhibitory factor and glycodelin). Β-HCG and progesterone are usually used in clinical practice and activin A and inhibin A have recently shown promising results.
Abnormalities in dopaminergic neurotransmission have been described in substance abuse and different neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. \[I-123\] IBZM is a radioligand that has been widely employed for SPECT imaging of dopamine type 2 and type 3 receptors (D2 and D3, respectively) and fluctuations in levels of endogenous dopamine. \[I-123\] IBZM SPECT has been used in the SPECT Lab of the Clinical Brain Disorders Branch for several years without adverse effects. Pharmacological effects of IBZM are unlikely due to the minimal amounts used and have not been observed. We propose to use \[I-123\] IBZM SPECT to explore following questions: 1) Can a previously found relationship between N-acetylaspartate (NAA) measures in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and striatal dopamine activity in patients with schizophrenia be replicated and is it also found in normal subjects? 2) Do allelic variants of genes for the dopamine type 2 (DRD2) and type 3 (DRD3) receptors, the dopamine transporter (SLC6A3), or enzymes involved in dopamine biosynthesis (TH) and metabolism (COMT, MAOA) affect D2 receptor availability in vivo?

This technical protocol describes the procedural aspects of \[I-123\]IBZM SPECT. It is not intended to be sufficient on its own for a clinical study. All subjects volunteering for this study will be recruited from among individuals who have previously consented to participate in clinical studies under one of two NIH protocols that include genetic testing. Schizophrenia patients will be recruited from among NIMH inpatients participating under NIH protocol #89-M-0160, "Inpatient Evaluation of Neuropsychiatric Patients" (Egan 1999a). Normal volunteers will be recruited from among those participating under NIH protocol #95-M-0150, "A Neurobiological Investigation of Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders and Their Siblings" (Egan 1999b), which includes recruitment of a normal control group whose first degree relatives are free of mental illness. All details related to clinical care and genetic analysis are contained in those two protocols and their associated consent forms; all details related to \[I-123\]IBZM SPECT studies, per se, are discussed in this protocol, which requires a separate informed consent from each volunteer.
A 12 session/six week, twice a week online group-based intervention based on breathing techniques including yoga practice directed by a specialist. Each group will aim for between 3- 6 participants.
Provided are construction and application of a point mutant rat epilepsy model. Based on the CRISPR/Cas9 system, the present invention knocks in the PKHDlLl gene P. L867S, and the corresponding base changed from TTA to TCA point mutation, thereby 5 constructing and obtaining PKHDlLl point mutant rats. Nevertheless, PKHDlLlH’ rats have a phenotype of increased neuronal excitability, showing that the threshold concentration of epileptic seizures of rats induced by intraperitoneal injection of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) are significantly lower than that of wild— 10 type rats, and resting potentials in the electrophysiology of brain slices of the rats are significantly lower than those of wild—type rats, which can better simulate phenotypes of FCMTE and other patients with epilepsy. The rat model can be further applied to a variety of research scenarios such as pathogenesis of 15 epilepsy, and design of novel antiepileptic drugs. (+ Fig. 2)
BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis inhibitors targeting VEGF, or its receptors have consistently produced disappointing clinical outcomes in breast cancer. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore alternative angiogenic pathways in breast cancer. This study aimed to describe the gene expression of pivotal pro-angiogenic genes in breast cancer and to further analyze the associations with the clinicopathologic tumor features, prognostic factors, and overall survival. Such findings would expand the understanding of the role of different angiogenic pathways in breast cancer pathogenesis and identify patients at risk of more aggressive disease who could be eligible for intense treatment regimens. Additionally, exploring angiogenic pathways helps identify new potential drug targets for breast cancer.
METHODS: The mRNA expression levels for eight pro-angiogenic genes [VEGFA, HGF, FGF1, FGF2, ANGPT1, ANGPT2, PDGFA, and PDGFB] were obtained from the METABRIC (Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium) dataset available at cBioPortal public domain. Pertinent demographic and tumor information were retrieved.
RESULTS: VEGFA and ANGPT2 genes had the highest expression levels with average mRNA log intensities of 7.18±0.7 and 7.11±0.53, respectively. VEGFA expression was not correlated with the expression of other pro-angiogenic genes, the clinicopathologic tumor features, and the overall survival of patients. FGF1, ANGPT1, and PDGFA mRNA levels were negatively correlated with the age of patients at diagnosis. The expression of FGF1 and FGF2 correlated inversely with tumor size and the Nottingham Prognostic Index (p = 0.03 and p = 0.002, respectively). Expression of HGF was significantly associated with advanced tumor stage (p<0.05). Expression of ANGPT1 and ANGPT2 was associated with hormone receptor-negative status and the non-luminal subtypes. PDGFB expression was significantly higher in patients with high-grade disease and HER2-positive status. Patients with high expression status of ANGPT2 and PDGFB had significantly reduced overall survival compared to those with low expression levels of these genes (p = 0.004 and p = 0.0001, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: In this dataset of patients with breast cancer, the expression levels of 8 different pro-angiogenic genes revealed remarkable differences in terms of their association with clinicopathologic tumor characteristics and prognosis. The expression of ANGPTs and PDGFs was associated with adverse tumor features, worse prognosis, and reduced survival in patients. Targeting ANGPTs and PDGF pathways could provide new insights for effective anti-angiogenic drugs in breast cancer.
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasing year by year and has become one of the leading causes of end-stage liver disease worldwide. Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 (Trem2) has been confirmed to play an essential role in the progression of MASLD, but its specific mechanism still needs to be clarified. This study aims to explore the role and mechanism of Trem2 in MASLD.
METHODS: Human liver tissues were obtained from patients with MASLD and controls. Myeloid-specific knockout mice (Trem2mKO) and myeloid-specific overexpression mice (Trem2TdT) were fed a high-fat diet, either AMLN or CDAHFD, to establish the MASLD model. Relevant signaling molecules were assessed through lipidomics and RNA-seq analyses after that.
RESULTS: Trem2 is upregulated in human MASLD/MASH-associated macrophages and is associated with hepatic steatosis and inflammation progression. Hepatic steatosis and inflammatory responses are exacerbated with the knockout of myeloid Trem2 in MASLD mice, while mice overexpressing Trem2 exhibit the opposite phenomenon. Mechanistically, Trem2mKO can aggravate macrophage pyroptosis through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and amplify the resulting inflammatory response. At the same time, Trem2 promotes the inflammation resolution phenotype transformation of macrophages through TGFβ1, thereby promoting tissue repair.
CONCLUSIONS: Myeloid Trem2 ameliorates the progression of Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by regulating macrophage pyroptosis and inflammation resolution. We believe targeting myeloid Trem2 could represent a potential avenue for treating MASLD.
One randomized, double blind clinical trial (Study 189) was performed in patients with disseminated MAC. In this trial, 246 HIV infected patients with disseminated MAC received either azithromycin 250 mg qd (N=65), azithromycin 600 mg qd (N=91) or clarithromycin 500 mg bid (N=90), each administered with ethambutol 15 mg/kg qd, for 24 weeks. Patients were cultured and clinically assessed every 3 weeks through week 12 and monthly thereafter through week 24. After week 24, patients were switched to any open label therapy at the discretion of the investigator and followed every 3 months through the last follow up visit of the trial. Patients were followed from the baseline visit for a period of up to 3.7 years (median: 9 months). MAC isolates recovered during study treatment or post-treatment were obtained whenever possible.

The primary endpoint was sterilization by week 24. Sterilization was based on data from the central laboratory, and was defined as two consecutive observed negative blood cultures for MAC, independent of missing culture data between the two negative observations. Analyses were performed on all randomized patients who had a positive baseline culture for MAC.

The azithromycin 250 mg arm was discontinued after an interim analysis at 12 weeks showed a significantly lower clearance of bacteremia compared to clarithromycin 500 mg bid.

Efficacy results for the azithromycin 600 mg qd and clarithromycin 500 mg bid treatment regimens are described in the following table:

The primary endpoint, rate of sterilization of blood cultures (two consecutive negative cultures) at 24 weeks, was lower in the azithromycin 600 mg qd group than in the clarithromycin 500 mg bid group.