anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) serve as organized lymphoid aggregates that influence immune responses within the tumor microenvironment. This study aims to investigate the characteristics and clinical significance of TLSs and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).
METHODS: TLSs and TILs were analyzed comprehensively in 754 ccRCC patients from 6 academic centers and 532 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Integrated analysis was performed based on single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets from 21 ccRCC patients to investigate TLS heterogeneity in ccRCC. Immunohistochemistry and multiplex immunofluorescence were applied. Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to reveal the prognostic significance.
RESULTS: The study demonstrated the existence of TLSs and TILs heterogeneities in the ccRCC microenvironment. TLSs were identified in 16% of the tumor tissues in 113 patients. High density (>0.6/mm2) and maturation of TLSs predicted good overall survival (OS) (p<0.01) in ccRCC patients. However, high infiltration (>151) of scattered TILs was an independent risk factor of poor ccRCC prognosis (HR=14.818, p<0.001). The presence of TLSs was correlated with improved progression-free survival (p=0.002) and responsiveness to therapy (p<0.001). Interestingly, the combination of age and TLSs abundance had an impact on OS (p<0.001). Higher senescence scores were detected in individuals with immature TLSs (p=0.003).
CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed the contradictory features of intratumoral TLSs and TILs in the ccRCC microenvironment and their impact on clinical prognosis, suggesting that abundant and mature intratumoral TLSs were associated with decreased risks of postoperative ccRCC relapse and death as well as favorable therapeutic response. Distinct spatial distributions of immune infiltration could reflect effective antitumor or protumor immunity in ccRCC.
There are relatively few studies evaluating brain structure in bipolar disorder (BD), the results of which have been largely inconsistent, both in terms of what abnormalities are present in BD and whether they show any similar abnormalities to those found in schizophrenia. One possibility that might explain the varying degree of reported similarity in structural findings in schizophrenia and BD is that there might be effects of BPD diagnostic subtype associated with brain structure. One viewpoint that contrasts schizophrenia and BD considers psychotic (PBD) to differ from non-psychotic (NPBD) subtypes in terms of shared pathophysiology with schizophrenia. PBD has been reported as being of special interest, as it shares symptomatic overlap with schizophrenia, "runs in families", shares a chromosomal linkage to the 13q13-32 and 22q12 with schizophrenia, shows similar increases in dopamine receptor Bmax induced by \[c-11\] N-methylspiperone positron emission tomography and similar working memory impairments as in schizophrenia. If PBP and NPBP are associated with different forms of brain pathology, then merging the two entities into a single "bipolar group" might obscure relevant anatomic differences if these occur primarily in only one group. In this proposal, the investigators will focus on subcortical gray and white matter structures commonly found to be abnormal in schizophrenia. Thus, the investigators will evaluate the volume and shape of the hippocampus, thalamus and basal ganglia, as well as measures of structural integrity of the corpus callosum and its various subregions.
PURPOSE:To prepare a water-based composition capable of keeping the antifungal activities, etc. stably for a long period, and useful as a drug, etc., by using ligustilide or an extract of a ligustilide-containing crude drug as an active component, and compounding an alcohol to the active component as a stabilizer. CONSTITUTION:Ligustilide or an extract of a ligustilide-containing crude drug is used as an active component, and is compounded with a stabilizer comprising an alcohol, preferably ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, etc. The amount of the alcohol is >=1/2pt.wt., especially 1-5pts.wt. per 1pt.wt. of water in the composition. The amount of the active component is usually 0.005-0.5wt% of ligustilide based on the whole composition. Ligustilide can be prepared by slicing TOKI (root of Angelica acutiloba) to fine pieces, extracting with an organic solvent at 40-100 deg.C for 1-3 days, concentrating to dryness, subjecting to e.g. silica gel chromatography, and drying the eluate to remove the organic solvent.
After 1 minute of rest, participants will perform 6 trials of bilateral, active, weighted arm elevation in the scapular plane and a therapist classifies the scapular motion into specific patterns of scapular dyskinesis. After the evaluation of scapular dyskinesis, the kinematics and surface EMG (sEMG) data will be collected during 5 trials of the same arm movements and 3 selected exercises.
Prospective, randomized controlled study will be done at the University Children's Clinic. For the study ethical board approval was requested. Pediatric patients, planned for elective, one day surgery, requiring intubation with signed informed consent will be randomly assigned to two groups First in which manually controlled propofol infusion will be used (MC group) and the other with target controlled infusion (TC group).

All participants will be premedicated half an hour before anesthesia induction with midazolam orally in dose of 0.5mg/kg body weight. Intravenous cannula will be placed 20-30 minutes later, and participants will receive atropine in dose of 0,02mg/kg intravenously, and fentanyl 1mcg/kg intravenously. In the MC group participants will receive propofol bolus 2.5-3 mg/kg, for anesthesia induction and anesthesia maintenance will be done according to the Mc Farlan scheme. In TC group Pedfusor model will be used, with target concentration for anesthesia induction of 4 mcg/kg body weight and anesthesia maintenance of 3 mcg/kg. In all participants remifentanil in dose of 0.4mcg/kg/min will be used as analgesic, and cisatracurium 0.15mg/kg was muscle relaxant, for anesthesia induction. At the end of surgery, before remifentanil infusion is stopped, all patients will receive 0.5 mg/kg of ketorolac. If BIS values are out of the40-60 range during anesthesia, in MC group infusion rate will be changed and in TC group set plasma concentration (Cp) will be corrected. In case of heart rate increase or decrease for more than 20% compared to initial values, speed of remifentanil infusion will be decreased or increased, respectively. All participants will have standard monitoring during anesthesia: percutaneous saturation, end tidal concentration of carbon dioxide measurement, three channel electrocardiography, noninvasive blood pressure monitoring, and continuous BIS measurement. Propofol infusion will be stopped 5 minutes before expected end of surgery, and remifentanil infusion will be stopped at the end of surgery. Time will be measured from the moment when propofol infusion was stopped till tracheal extubating.
BACKGROUND: Robot-assisted surgery has seen exponential adoption over the last decade. Although the safety and efficacy of robotic surgery in the elective setting have been demonstrated, data regarding robotic emergency general surgery remains sparse.
METHODS: All adults undergoing non-elective appendectomy, cholecystectomy, small or large bowel resection, perforated ulcer repair, or lysis of adhesions were identified in the 2008 to 2020 National Inpatient Sample. Temporal trends were analyzed using a rank-based, non-parametric test developed by Cuzick (nptrend). Using laparoscopy as a reference, multivariable regressions were used to evaluate the association between robotic techniques and in-hospital mortality, major complications, and resource use for each emergency general surgery operation.
RESULTS: Of an estimated 4,040,555 patients undergoing emergency general surgery, 65,853 (1.6%) were performed using robotic techniques. The robotic proportion of minimally invasive emergency general surgery increased significantly overall, with the largest growth seen in robot-assisted large bowel resections and perforated ulcer repairs. After adjustment for various patient and hospital-level factors, robot-assisted large bowel resection (adjusted odds ratio 0.73, 95% confidence interval 0.58-0.91) and cholecystectomy (adjusted odds ratio 0.66, 95% confidence interval 0.55-0.81) were associated with significantly reduced odds of perioperative blood transfusion compared to traditional laparoscopy. Although robotic techniques were associated with modest reductions in postoperative length of stay, costs were uniformly higher by increments of up to $4,900.
CONCLUSION: Robotic surgery appears to be a safe and effective adjunct to laparoscopy in minimally invasive emergency general surgery, although comparable cost-effectiveness has yet to be realized. Increasing use of robotic techniques in emergency general surgery may be attributable in part to reduced complications, including blood loss, in certain operative contexts.
Patients receive brentuximab vedotin IV over 90 minutes on day 1 of cycles 1-16 and nivolumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of cycles 1-46. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 16 cycles and every 14 days beginning cycle 17 for up to 46 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo CT or PET scan throughout the trial. Patients undergo blood sample collection and may undergo tumor biopsy on study.
Subjects will receive one tablet daily for 5 consecutive days. On Day 1 subjects will take a 125mg tablet, on Days 2-5, subjects will take an 80 mg tablet.
It has been shown that exposure to hexavalent Chromium, Cr (Ⅵ), via nasal cavity can have neurotoxicological effects and induces behavioral impairment due to the fact that blood brain barrier (BBB) does not cover olfactory bulb. But whether Cr (Ⅵ) can cross the BBB and have a toxicological effects in central nervous system (CNS) remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of Cr (Ⅵ) on mice treated with different concentrations and exposure time (14 days and 28 days) of Cr (Ⅵ) via intraperitoneal injection. Results revealed that Cr accumulated in hypothalamus (HY) in a timely dependent manner. Much more severer neuropathologies was observed in the group of mice exposed to Cr (Ⅵ) for 28 days than that for 14 days. Gliosis, neuronal morphological abnormalities, synaptic degeneration, BBB disruption and neuronal number loss were observed in HY. In terms of mechanism, the Nrf2 related antioxidant stress signaling dysfunction and activated NF-κB related inflammatory pathway were observed in HY of Cr (Ⅵ) intoxication mice. And these neuropathologies and signaling defects appeared in a timely dependent manner. Taking together, we proved that Cr (Ⅵ) can enter HY due to weaker BBB in HY and HY is the most vulnerable CNS region to Cr (Ⅵ) exposure. The concentration of Cr in HY increased along with time. The accumulated Cr in HY can cause BBB disruption, neuronal morphological abnormalities, synaptic degeneration and gliosis through Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathway. This finding improves our understanding of the neurological dysfunctions observed in individuals who have occupational exposure to Cr (Ⅵ), and provided potential therapeutic targets to treat neurotoxicological pathologies induced by Cr (Ⅵ).
This study will consist of 3 regimens each containing 2 dose levels of HGS1036 and full dose chemotherapy. Patients will be treated in sequence with HGS1036 at planned dose levels of 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg. Patients who demonstrate stable disease or better may continue to receive HGS1036 until progressive disease, unacceptable toxicity, patient requests discontinuation of study treatment, or the Investigator feels further treatment is not in the patient's best interest. After discontinuation of HGS1036, subjects will be followed for 30 days after the last dose of HGS1036 for safety. The end of study will be defined as 1 year after the last subject begins treatment of HGS1036. Any subject still receiving HGS1036 at this pre-defined end of study, may continue to receive HGS1036, but the only study assessments required will be for safety.
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition containing Sponge gourd sap is provided to prevent itch caused by atopic dermatitis and to induce skin regeneration. CONSTITUTION: An oil-in-water cosmetic composition contains 15-85 weight parts of Sponge gourd sap, 5-50 weight parts of oil, 1-10 weight parts of surfactant, and 9-40 weight parts of polyol. The sap is colorless, and scentless. The oil is mineral oil, cyclomethicone, isostearyl isostearate, cetyl octanoate, or trioctanoin. The surfactant is bion surfactant. The polyol is glycerine, 1,3- butylene glycol, propylene glycol, or dipropylene glycol.
Three hundred ninety-nine patients were enrolled in an open-label, randomized, comparative study for complicated skin and skin structure infections. The patients were randomized to receive either LEVAQUIN® 750 mg once daily (IV followed by oral), or an approved comparator for a median of 10 ± 4.7 days. As is expected in complicated skin and skin structure infections, surgical procedures were performed in the LEVAQUIN® and comparator groups. Surgery (incision and drainage or debridement) was performed on 45% of the LEVAQUIN®-treated patients and 44% of the comparator treated patients, either shortly before or during antibiotic treatment and formed an integral part of therapy for this indication.

Among those who could be evaluated clinically 2–5 days after completion of study drug, overall success rates (improved or cured) were 116/138 (84.1%) for patients treated with LEVAQUIN® and 106/132 (80.3%) for patients treated with the comparator.

Success rates varied with the type of diagnosis ranging from 68% in patients with infected ulcers to 90% in patients with infected wounds and abscesses. These rates were equivalent to those seen with comparator drugs.
The invention comprises ethers of the general formula: <FORM:0774649/IV(b)/1> wherein R is an alkyl or alkoxy radical of 1-3 carbon atoms, or a chlorine atom, and their water-soluble acid addition salts, and their preparation either by condensing tetrahydro isoquinoline with an ester of the appropriate mono-aryloxy glycol, the esterifying group being a halogen atom or an aryl sulphonic acid group, or by reacting the appropriate R-substituted phenol or an alkali metal salt thereof with an ester of N-(b -hydroxy ethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro isoquinoline, the esterifying group being as in the first method.  This (the first) method is advantageously performed with an excess of the base in presence of an alkali metal, alkali metal amide or alkali metal hydride, preferably in an inert solvent such as benzene, toluene or dioxan with heating under reflux. The second method is preferably carried out in a solvent such as ethanol, aqueous ethanol or aqueous acetone, by heating under reflux. In the examples N - ethyl - 1,2,3,4 - tetrahydroisoquinoline - b  - 21 - methyl phenyl ether is prepared from the following pairs of reactants: tetrahydroisoquinoline and o-cresol-b -bromoethyl ether, tetrahydroiisoquinoline and glycol 21-methyl phenyl ether-p-toluene sulphonyl ester, o-cresol and N-(b -hydroxyethyl)-tetrahydroisoquinoline p-toluene sulphonyl ester, and o-cresol and N-(b -chlorethyl)-tetrahydroisoquinoline; N - ethyl - 1,2,3,4 - tetrahydroisoquinoline - b  - 21 - methoxyphenyl ether is prepared by reacting tetrahydroisoquinoline with catechol monomethylether-b -brom ethyl ether and by reacting catechol monomethyl ether with N - (b  - chlorethyl) - tetrahydroisoquinoline; and N - ethyl - 1,2,3,4 - tetrahydroisoquinoline - b  - 21 - chloro phenyl ether is prepared from tetrahydroisoquinoline and o-chlorophenol-b -brom ethyl ether and from o-chlorphenol and N-(b -chloroethyl)-tetrahydro isoquinoline.  The use of other similar starting materials is also referred to.  The hydrochlorides of the above reaction products are described and other inorganic and organic salt-forming acids are referred to.  Starting material. N-(b -chloroethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline is prepared from the corresponding hydroxyethyl compound and thionyl chloride.ALSO:A pharmaceutical composition comprises a tetrahydroiso-quinoline compound of the formula <FORM:0774649/VI/1> wherein R is an alkyl or alkoxy radical of 1-3 carbon atoms or a chlorine atom, or an acid-addition water-soluble salt thereof, together with a diluting agent such as sugar, lactose, talcum, starch or pectin and/or a binder such as gelatine, gum arabic, methyl cellulose, yeast extract, agar or tragacanth.  Injectable solutions of the above salts in water or physiological saline are also referred to.
Nifedipine is a drug belonging to a class of pharmacological agents known as the calcium channel blockers. Nifedipine is 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-, dimethyl ester, C17H18N2O6, and has the structural formula:

Nifedipine is a yellow crystalline substance, practically insoluble in water but soluble in ethanol. It has a molecular weight of 346.3. Each extended-release tablet is formulated as a once-a-day controlled-release tablet for oral administration designed to deliver 30 or 60 mg of nifedipine.

Inert ingredients in the formulations are: anhydrous lactose, colloidal silicon dioxide, ethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, methacrylic acid copolymer type A, methacrylic acid copolymer type B, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, red ferric oxide, sodium lauryl sulfate, talc, and titanium dioxide.

Nifedipine Extended-release Tablets meet USP Dissolution Test 3.
An extracorporeal hemoperfusion device will be installed in patients during operations with prolonged artificial circulation, hypothermia, and circulatory arrest. (25 patients).
BACKGROUND: Small studies have shown that patients with advanced coronary artery disease might benefit from a more liberal blood transfusion strategy. The goal of this pilot study was to test the feasibility of a blood transfusion intervention in a group of vascular surgery patients who have elevated cardiac troponins in rest.
METHODS: We conducted a single-centre, randomised controlled pilot study. Patients with a preoperative elevated high-sensitive troponin T undergoing non-cardiac vascular surgery were randomised between a liberal transfusion regime (haemoglobin >10.4 g/dL) and a restrictive transfusion regime (haemoglobin 8.0-9.6 g/dL) during the first 3 days after surgery. The primary outcome was defined as a composite endpoint of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction or unscheduled coronary revascularization.
RESULTS: In total 499 patients were screened; 92 were included and 50 patients were randomised. Postoperative haemoglobin was different between the intervention and control group; 10.6 versus 9.8, 10.4 versus 9.4, 10.9 versus 9.4 g/dL on day one, two and three respectively (p < 0.05). The primary outcome occurred in four patients (16%) in the liberal transfusion group and in two patients (8%) in control group.
CONCLUSION: This pilot study shows that the studied transfusion protocol was able to create a clinically significant difference in perioperative haemoglobin levels. Randomisation was possible in 10% of the screened patients. A large definitive trial should be possible to provide evidence whether a liberal transfusion strategy could decrease the incidence of postoperative myocardial infarction in high risk surgical patients.
This arm of the study has the procedure but does not get the Gatekeeper prostheses. The Sham arm has the option to cross-over to the Treatment arm at the 6-month visit.
After, at least six hours of hemodynamic optimization, patients with a hyperdynamic shock received a conventional management with a continuous infusion of Esmolol titrated to gain a 10% reduction in heart rate. This infusion is maintained for 72 hours.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Bariatric surgery becomes the final option for managing severe obesity. This study aims to identify the complications, changes in anthropometry, adherence to dietary recommendations, and psychological well-being of post-bariatric surgery patients.
METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: An observational study was conducted on 63 post-bariatric surgery patients who had undergone bariatric surgery between two weeks and five years after surgery. The participants were assessed for the complications experienced, current comorbidities, anthropometric changes, dietary intake, and psychological well-being. A three-day, 24-hour diet recall was done to assess the dietary intake of the patients. The mean macronutrient and micronutrient intakes were compared to several available recommendations. The DASS-21 questionnaire was administered to determine the psychological well-being of the participants.
RESULTS: The most common complications experienced by patients after bariatric surgery were hair loss (50.8%), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (49.2%), and vomiting (41.3%). There were significant differences in mean weight before (129.5 (33.0) kg/m2) and after (85.0 (32.0) kg/m2) bariatric surgery (p<0.001). The prevalence of clinically severe obesity declined by 55%. Overall, patients had insufficient intake of some nutrients such as protein, fat, calcium, and iron. Majority of the patients experienced a normal level of stress, anxiety, and depression, but some had mild (3.2%), moderate (4.8%), and severe anxiety (1.6%).
CONCLUSIONS: There were drastic improvements in patients' weight following bariatric surgery. However, there were several complications including nutrient deficiencies. Due to the anatomical changes in the gastrointestinal tract, patients must comply with the dietary and lifestyle changes and follow up with the healthcare professional. A nutrition module will be helpful for patients to prepare for and adapt to the changes after bariatric surgery.