anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
TAP Block: Aseptic conditions are ensured in the area where the block will be performed. With the patient in the supine position, the ultrasound (USG) probe is placed in an oblique position lateral to the xiphoid process at the lower border of the rib cage. The rectus abdominis muscle and its posterior sheath are visualized above the transversus abdominis muscle. At this level, only the aponeurosis of the internal oblique muscle can be seen between the transversus and external oblique muscles. By applying some pressure and tilt to the probe, the image of the myofascial planes is better optimized. Using a 22-25G, 50-100 mm block needle, an in-plane technique is applied, advancing either medially to laterally or vice versa. In the fascial plane between the rectus abdominis and transversus abdominis or between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles, 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine is injected. The same procedure is then applied to the opposite side.
The present application relates to proliferated islet cells (PI) that are useful in islet cell transplantation. Said cells produce a protein that is not produced in a fresh islet cell. Examples of such proteins include reverse transcriptase (RT), ornithine decarboxylase (OCD), protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), C-MYC, SmCX or Acyl-CoA. In another aspect, the invention is directed to a proliferated islet cell which does not produce proteins that are produced in-fresh islet cells. Examples include albumin precursor, beta actin, cytokeratin 8 or P10 binding protein. Such proliferated islet cells may also produce an increased amount of stress resistance protein such as glutathione peroxidase (GPX-1), an anti-apoptotic protein, or catalase, when compared to fresh islet cells.
The invention provides a medicament for treating hemorrhoids and a preparation method thereof. The medicament is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials: hibiscus barks, verbena, longhairy antenoron herbs, corn stigma, oak barks, rhizome of chuanxiong, pillis ophidiae, pepper, flowering peach stems, radix sanguisorbae, balanophyllia sp, oak leaves, callicarpa bodinieri, fructus sophorae, semen strychni, artemisia anomala, smilax china, prunella vulgaris, dark plum, blackberrykiky rhizome, white mustard, wild chrysanthemum, geranium and styrax. The medicament for treating hemorrhoids, provided by the invention, conforms to the theory of a traditional Chinese medicine. After the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials are mixed together, the medicament has the effects of clearing away heat to cool blood, stopping bleeding and converging as well as promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis. The medicament prepared by combining all the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials can be used for treating both symptoms and root causes of internal and external hemorrhoids with various symptoms and is proven to be exact, reliable and true in curative effect by virtue of clinical curative effect observation. All the raw material medicines in the medicament are easy to obtain, free of toxic or side effect, safe and reliable; in addition, the medicament is free of adverse reaction after being taken, safe in clinical application, capable of truly achieving the effects of fundamental treatment, entire restoration, treatment for both symptoms and root causes and no recurrence after hemorrhoids is cured and also capable of avoiding various defects and toxic or side effects to patients because of western medicine and operative treatment.
The LIFT procedure was performe as followings. The curvilinear incision and dissection of the intersphincteric tract were made as in the LIFT-plug technique. After the tract was isolated, the tract was doubly-ligated and suture-ligated with absorbable sutures as close as possible to the lateral margin of the internal anal sphincter and the medial margin of the external anal sphincter. The tract was then divided between the two sutures. A portion of the fistula tract was excised after ligation of ei¬ther end within the intersphincteric space. The medial ligature was very close to the internal opening, and nearly obliterated the internal opening. The external opening was then enlarged to allow adequate drainage. The internal and external sphincters were then re-approximated, and the skin was closed loosely with interrupted 3/0 absorbable suture.
Participants will be offered an oral fluid HIV rapid test (via oral swab) and brief prevention counseling that addresses both risk reduction and motivation to be HIV tested based on an evidence-based counseling approach (Project RESPECT-2 counseling). Prior to receiving testing, study participants must first provide consent for HIV testing. Consent for testing will be obtained through a second consent form required of all participants who wish to proceed with the HIV test.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease with an unpredictable course towards progressive disability. Treating progressive MS is challenging due to limited insights into the underlying mechanisms. We examined the molecular changes associated with primary progressive MS (PPMS) using a cross-tissue (blood and post-mortem brain) and multilayered data (genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic) from independent cohorts. In PPMS, we found hypermethylation of the 1q21.1 locus, controlled by PPMS-specific genetic variations and influencing the expression of proximal genes (CHD1L, PRKAB2) in the brain. Evidence from reporter assay and CRISPR/dCas9 experiments supports a causal link between methylation and expression and correlation network analysis further implicates these genes in PPMS brain processes. Knock-down of CHD1L in human iPSC-derived neurons and knock-out of chd1l in zebrafish led to developmental and functional deficits of neurons. Thus, several lines of evidence suggest a distinct genetic-epigenetic-transcriptional interplay in the 1q21.1 locus potentially contributing to PPMS pathogenesis.
The number of overweight and obese individuals has recently increased considerably. The World Health Organization estimates that there are 1.4 billion overweight and obese people in the world (1); in Mexico alone 70% of the adult population suffers from overweight and obesity, and 34.4% of school age children are above their normal weight (2) At the same time, hypertension affects more than a third of adults throughout the world and contributes to 9.4 million deaths a year from heart disease (3). In Mexico there are 22.4 million adults with hypertension, only 5.7 of whom are controlled (4). Obesity and hypertension are associated with life style both in the world and in Mexico, where changes in eating habits with increased fat in the diet, overconsumption of soft drinks and refined sugars and decrease in physical activity have led to numerous diseases (4). Mexico is the Latin American country with the highest consumption of carbonated beverages (5), averaging 384 soft drinks/person/year (6). The diminished sensation of satiety and the high ingestion of simple sugars (7, 8) facilitate the formation of triglycerides stored in fatty tissue and overweight and obesity (9, 10). Recent studies have examined the relationship between beverages and weight, albeit with controversial results. The majority of the studies have focused on increased consumption of sweetened drinks and their effect on weight over short periods of time (11,13,14). Meanwhile, consumption of low calorie beverages has increased, although there is no consensus about the utility of substituting sugar with artificial sweeteners to achieve better weight control (13). As much as obesity is a world-wide health issue, it is important to establish whether beverages with artificial sweeteners can aid in regulating weight. Since soft drinks contain sodium, it is also important to determine whether elevated sodium ingestion from them could increase blood pressure. Recent studies have demonstrated an association between sugar sweetened beverages and blood pressure, but the majority have been observational (14) and have not analyzed all types of sweetened beverages (15, 16).Because of these issues, the objective of the present study was to characterize the effect of reducing the consumption of beverages with sugar and artificial sweeteners on weight and blood pressure on nursing students. The working hypothesis was that nursing students from the National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition in Mexico City (INCMNSZ) who substituted their intake of sugar or artificially sweetened soft drinks with plain water would have greater weight loss, lower fat and lower blood pressure than students who did not diminish their intake of soft drinks.
BACKGROUND: Vascular fibrosis directly causes vascular thickening in Takayasu arteritis (TAK), in which sustained transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) activation is critical. Understanding TGF-β activation regulation and blocking it might yield a therapeutic effect in TAK. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5 (PCSK5) rs6560480 (T/C) is associated with TAK development. In this study, we assessed the association between the PCSK5 rs6560480 genotype and PCSK5 expression in TAK and explored its molecular role in TGF-β activation and vascular fibrosis development.
METHODS: In TAK patients, PCSK5 and TGF-β expression in plasma and aortic tissue was examined by ELISA and immunohistochemical staining, and PCSK5 rs6560480 was genotyped. The correlation between PCSK5 and extracellular matrix (ECM) expression was examined by Western blotting (WB) and immunohistochemistry staining. Detection by co-immunoprecipitation was performed to detect the interaction between PCSK5 and TGF-β in adventitial fibroblasts (AAFs). Downstream signaling pathways were detected by WB and validated with appropriate inhibitors. Potential immunosuppressive agents to inhibit the effects of PCSK5 were explored in cell culture and TAK patients.
RESULTS: Patients with PCSK5 rs6560480 TT patients had significantly higher PCSK5 levels and more thickened vascular lesions than patients with PCSK5 rs6560480 CT. PCSK5 expression was significantly increased in alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-positive myofibroblasts in TAK vascular lesions. Overexpressing PCSK5 facilitated TGF-β and downstream SMAD2/3 activation and ECM expression in AAFs and aorta in in-vitro culture. The mechanistic study supported that PCSK5 activated precursor TGF-β (pro-TGF-β) to the mature form by binding the pro-TGF-β cleavage site. Leflunomide inhibited PCSK5 and pro-TGF-β binding, decreasing TGF-β activation and ECM expression, which was also partially validated in leflunomide-treated patients.
CONCLUSION: The findings revealed a novel pro-fibrotic mechanism of PCSK5 in TAK vascular fibrosis via TGF-β and downstream SMAD2/3 pathway activation. Leflunomide might be anti-fibrotic by disrupting PCSK5 and pro-TGF-β binding, presenting a new TAK treatment approach.
The invention discloses a siRNA molecule for inhibiting Smad4 gene expression and an application thereof. The sequences of the double-strand siRNA molecule are as follows: a positive-sense strand: 5'-GCUGUCCUAUUGUAACUGUdtdt-3'; an antisense strand: 5'-ACAGUUACAAUAGGACAGCdtdt-3'. The double-strand siRNA molecule can be used for preparing medicines for treating arthrofibrosis related joint diseases, for example, medicines for preparing frozen shoulder. The siRNA molecule disclosed by the invention can be specifically combined with a complementary sequence of an mRNA coding region of the Smad4 gene. By degrading efficient silent Smad mRNA of the mRNA, post-transcriptional control is carried on the Smad4 gene expression. Expression quantity of Smad4 changes to directly influence a TGF-beta/Smad 4 channel, so that proliferation and fibrosis of joint fibroblasts are affected, thereby finally having a positive effect to treatment of arthrofibrosis related joint diseases such as frozen shoulder.
BACKGROUND Clazosentan is an endothelin receptor antagonist approved in Japan for preventing cerebral vasospasm and vasospasm-associated cerebral ischemia and infarction. This study included elderly patients aged ≥75 years with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and aimed to evaluate the factors associated with discontinuing anti-vasospasm therapy with clazosentan. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this single-center retrospective observational study, we extracted diagnostic and therapeutic work-up data of consecutive 40 patients with SAH treated with clazosentan infusion (10 mg/h) as first-line anti-vasospasm therapy between May 2022 and August 2023. Patient data were compared between the discontinued and completed groups, and related factors for the discontinuation were further analyzed. RESULTS Clazosentan was discontinued in 22% (n=9) of patients due to intolerable dyspnea accompanied by hypoxemia at 5±3 days after therapy initiation, in which 44% (n=4) were elderly (≥75 years). Patients who discontinued clazosentan therapy showed significantly lower urine volumes compared with those who completed the therapy (P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that day-to-day urine volume variance and older age were independent risk factors for drug cessation (P<0.05). The cut-off value for predicting clazosentan discontinuation was -0.7 mL/kg/h with sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 75% (area under the curve: 0.76±0.10; 95% confidence interval: 0.56-0.96; P=0.035). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that approximately 20% of SAH patients suffered from intolerable respiratory symptoms attributable to hypoxemia. We found that both reduced day-to-day urine volume variation and older age are independent risk factors for drug discontinuation.
BIOMArCS-AAA is an observational, multicenter study. Patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) will be recruited through the vascular surgery outpatient clinic of Erasmus MC and Maasstad Ziekenhuis, the Netherlands. The prospective, longitudinal part of the study will include an arm with 120 AAA watchful waiting patients and an arm with 120 AAA patients undergoing endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), both with a 24-month follow-up period. Clinical data collection, and blood sampling will be conducted at baseline, at 1 month after EVAR and at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months for all patients. CT will be conducted at baseline and 12 and 24 months, plus at 1 month in the EVAR patients. Quality of life and depression questionnaires will be performed at baseline, at 12 and 24 months of follow-up in all patients, and at 1 month only in EVAR patients. Additionally, a cross-sectional study will be performed in 200 patients treated for AAA with EVAR in the past years. In these patients, clinical data collection, blood sampling, ultrasound and CT will be performed at their next regular outpatient clinic visit.
This study was designed to evaluate the non-inferiority of ultrasound puncture followed by endoscopically guided tract dilatation compared to the standard fluoroscopy-guided PCNL. Forty patients with non-opaque kidney stones eligible for PCNL were randomly divided into two groups. The standard fluoroscopy-guided PCNL using the Amplatz dilator was performed in the XRAY group. In the SONO group, the Kidney was punctured under an ultrasound guide followed by tract dilatation using a combination of the Amplatz dilator based on the tract length and an endoscopically guided tract dilatation using a bi-prong forceps in cases of short-advancement. The primary outcome was successful access. In 90% of cases in the XRAY and 95% in the SONO group access dilatation process was performed uneventfully at the first attempt (p = 0.5). In 45% of cases in the SONO group, bi-prong forceps were used as salvage for short-advancement. In one case in the X-ray group over-advancement occurred. One month after surgery, the stone-free rate on the CT-scan was 75% for the X-ray group and 85% for the SONO group (p = 0.4). There were no significant differences in operation time, hospitalization duration, transfusion, or complication rates between the two groups. We conclude that ultrasound-guided renal puncture, followed by endoscopically guided tract dilatation can achieve a high success rate similar to X-ray-guided PCNL while avoiding the harmful effects of radiation exposure and the risk of over-advancement.
The invention relates to a preparation method of traditional Chinese medicine lotion for curing malnourished bedsore, which belongs to the technical field of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation method. At present sulphonamides and antibiotics are ordinarily adopted to cure malnourished bedsores, but adverse reactions are easy to cause. The invention adopts the technical scheme that: human milk, dates, yams, wheat, heterophylla, fowl, cabbage, arillus longan, atractylodes, white peony, American ginseng, angelica, lotus seeds, codonopsis, bitter cardamon , astragalus, rhizoma polygonati, rice, ginger, prepared rehmannia root, fleece-flower root, angelica, radix paeoniae alba, longan meat, bird's nest and licorice. The herbs are soaked in the water and then are simmered with slow fire to be filtered so as to remove the dregs, and the cooked medicine liquid is the traditional Chinese medicine lotion for curing the malnourished bedsore. The preparation method has the advantages that: the traditional Chinese medicine lotion for curing the malnourished bedsore is simple to produce, and the produced traditional Chinese medicine lotion has small toxicity and side effects, short period of treatment and high healing rate. By using the traditional Chinese medicine, adverse reactions, anaphylactic reaction and toxic reactions caused by Western medicine can be avoided.
Hypercholesterolemia is a frequent finding in organ transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressive drugs such as sirolimus. To prevent increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in these patients, co-medication with lipid-lowering statins is recommended. However, treatment with statins is limited in many patients by insufficient cholesterol-lowering efficacy, drug interactions and serious adverse drug reactions (e.g. rhabdomyolysis). These patients may benefit from comedication with the cholesterol absorption inhibitor ezetimibe (EZE). Since SIR and EZE were shown to be substrates of the efflux transporter ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein), drug interactions between both compounds may occur. Therefore, this clinical study in healthy subjects was initiated to evaluate the clinical relevance of drug/drug interactions between sirolimus and ezetimibe according to the accepted bioequivalence approach.
BACKGROUND: Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is considered a promising non-pharmacological therapeutic strategy to mitigate ischemic injury. Although the precise mechanisms of RIC's protective effects remain elusive, existing data suggest that exosomes contribute significantly to these processes through cell-to-cell communication OBJECTIVE: This review aims to elucidate the role of exosomes in RIC-mediated multi-organ protection.
METHODS: We systematically searched multiple databases through October 2023 for preclinical studies evaluating the effect of exosomes in ischemic models using RIC procedures. Key outcomes, such as improved organ function and reduced infarct size, were recorded. Articles were selected and data were extracted by independent pairs of reviewers.
FINDINGS: A total of 16 relevant studies were identified in this review, showing that circulating exosomes derived from the plasma of RIC-treated animals exhibited protective effects akin to those of the RIC procedure itself. Exosome concentrations were measured in eight studies, six of which reported significant increases in the RIC group. Additional findings indicated that RIC might primarily modulate the expression of miRNAs and bioactive molecules delivered by exosomes, rather than directly altering circulating exosome levels. Notably, the expression of 11 distinct exosomal miRNAs was altered after RIC intervention, potentially involving multiple pathways.
CONCLUSION: Exosomes appear to play a pivotal role in the protective effects induced by RIC. Clarifying their function in RIC under different pathological situations represents a grand challenge for future research.
PURPOSE: This report describes a comprehensive pharmacy-driven rapid bacteremia response program.
SUMMARY: This novel program positioned the pharmacy department at a large, community health system to receive and respond to critical microbiologic diagnostic testing results, 24/7/365. The program empowered pharmacists to provide centralized, comprehensive care including assessing blood culture Gram stain results, adjusting antibiotic therapy per protocol, ordering repeat blood cultures, analyzing and interpreting rapid molecular diagnostic test results, placing orders for contact isolation, and communicating antibiotic recommendations to the treatment team. In the first year after program implementation, 2,282 blood culture Gram stains and 2,046 rapid diagnostic test results were called in to the pharmacy department. The program reduced the median time to effective therapy in patients who did not already have active antimicrobial orders from over 10 hours to less than 1 hour. Based on the Gram stain results, antibiotics were started per protocol in 34.2% of patients. Based on the rapid molecular diagnostic test results, adjustments were made to antibiotic regimens in 55.7% of cases after discussion with a provider. Of these adjustments, 39.9% were for escalation of antibiotics and 37.7% were for de-escalation of antibiotics.
CONCLUSION: By expanding the scope of pharmacy practice, barriers to optimizing clinical care were overcome.
The present invention provides a chemical composition comprised of hydrogen peroxide and a nanoemulsion of long-chained alcohols which in combination these constituents act synergisticaliy boost the kill-time rate of hydrogen peroxide. The peroxide based nanoemulsion formulation for application to skin includes a cosmetically approved peroxide containing compound present in a range to give from about 0.1 to about 4 wt./wt. % released hydrogen peroxide, an organic acid present in a concentration from about 0.01 to about 5 wt./wt. % for adjusting a pH of the formulation in a range from about pH 1 to about pH 4, a long-chained (C9 to C22) aryl and/or alky! alcohol, present in a concentration from about 0.1 to about 20 wt./wt. %, and an emollient present in a concentration from about 0.1 to about 40 wt./wt. %, and an emulsifier present in a concentration from about 0.1 to about 20 wt./wt. % to render the formulation a nanoemulsion.
A computing system may obtain, from surgical hub(s) and/or other system(s), collections of unredacted data associated with different surgical procedures. The computing system, the surgical hub(s), and other systems may be located on a local data network. The local data network may be within a boundary protected by health insurance portability and accountability act (HIPAA) data rules. The computing system may train machine learning model(s) based on the unredacted data. The computing system may generate information that optimizes the clinical outcome and cost effectiveness of future surgical procedure(s) based on the machine learning model(s). The computing system may send generated information to the surgical hub(s) and/or other system(s). The computing system may be in communication with a remote cloud computing system. The computing system may send the generated information to the remote cloud computing system.