anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort (LCH), with the accepted name of Ligusticum striatum DC in "The Plant List" database, is a widely used ethnomedicine in treating ischemic stroke, and borneol (BO) is usually prescribed with LCH for better therapy. Our previous study confirmed their synergistic effect on neurogenesis against cerebral ischemia. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear.
AIM OF THE STUDY: More and more evidence indicated that astrocytes (ACs) might be involved in the modulation of neurogenesis via polarization reaction. The study was designed to explore the synergic mechanism between LCH and BO in promoting astrocyte-mediated neurogenesis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: After primary cultures and identifications of ACs and neural stem cells (NSCs), the oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model and the concentrations of LCH and BO were optimized. After the OGD-injured ACs were treated by LCH, BO, and their combination, the conditioned mediums were used to culture the OGD-injured NSCs. The proliferation, migration, and differentiation of NSCs were assessed, and the secretions of BDNF, CNTF, and VEGF from ACs were measured. Then the expressions of C3 and PTX3 were detected. Moreover, the mice were performed a global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion model and treated with LCH and (or) BO. After the assessments of Nissl staining, the expressions of Nestin, DCX, GFAP, C3, PTX3, p65 and p-p65 were probed.
RESULTS: The most appropriate duration of OGD for the injury of both NSCs and ACs was 6 h, and the optimized concentrations of LCH and BO were 1.30 μg/mL and 0.03 μg/mL, respectively. The moderate OGD environment induced NSCs proliferation, migration, astrogenesis, and neurogenesis, increased the secretions of CNTF and VEGF from ACs, and upregulated the expressions of C3 and PTX3. For the ACs, LCH further increased the secretions of BDNF and CNTF, enhanced PTX3 expression, and reduced C3 expression. Additionally, the conditioned medium from LCH-treated ACs further enhanced NSC proliferation, migration, and neurogenesis. The in vivo study showed that LCH markedly enhanced the Nissl score and neurogenesis, and decreased astrogenesis which was accompanied by downregulations of C3, p-p65, and p-p65/p65 and upregulation of PTX3. BO not only decreased the expression of C3 in ACs both in vitro and in vivo but also downregulated p-p65 and p-p65/p65 in vivo. Additionally, BO promoted the therapeutic effect of LCH for most indices.
CONCLUSION: A certain degree of OGD might induce ACs to stimulate the proliferation, astrogenesis, and neurogenesis of NSCs. LCH and BO exhibited a marked synergy in promoting ACs-mediated neurogenesis and reducing astrogenesis, in which LCH played a dominant role and BO boosted the effect of LCH. The mechanism of LCH might be involved in switching the polarization of ACs from A1 to A2, while BO preferred to inhibit the formation of A1 phenotype via downregulating NF-κB pathway.
Aurantii Fructus Immaturus total flavonoids (AFIF) is the main effective fraction extracted from AFI, which has a good effect on promoting gastrointestinal motility. This study aimed to investigate AFIF which regulates miR-5100 to improve constipation symptoms in mice by targeting Frizzled-2 (Fzd2) to alleviate interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) calcium ion balance and autophagy apoptosis. The constipated mouse model was induced by an antibiotic suspension, and then treated with AFIF. RNA-seq sequencing, luciferase assay, immunofluorescence staining, transmission electron microscopy, ELISA, flow cytometry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and Western blot were applied in this study. The results showed that AFIF improved constipation symptoms in antibiotic-induced constipated mice, and decreased the autophagy-related protein Beclin1 levels and the LC3-II/I ratio in ICCs. miR-5100 and its target gene Fzd2 were screened as key miRNAs and regulator associated with autophagy. Downregulation of miR-5100 caused increased expression of Fzd2, decreased proliferation activity of ICCs, increased apoptotic cells, and enhanced calcium ion release and autophagy signals. After AFIF treatment, miR-5100 expression was upregulated and Fzd2 was downregulated, while autophagy-related protein levels and calcium ion concentration decreased. Furthermore, AFIF increased the levels of SP, 5-HT, and VIP, and increased the expression of PGP9.5, Sy, and Cx43, which alleviated constipation by improving the integrity of the enteric nervous system network. In conclusion, AFIF could attenuate constipation symptoms by upregulating the expression of miR-5100 and targeting inhibition of Fzd2, alleviating calcium overload and autophagic death of ICCs, regulating the content of neurotransmitters, and enhancing the integrity of the enteric nervous system network.
The invention provides an N-substituted aromatic ring-2-aminopyrimidine compound and application thereof, wherein the compound comprises an optical isomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Experiments prove that the N-substituted aromatic ring-2-aminopyrimidine with a brand new frameworkThe compound has good CHK1 protein inhibition activity, and has obvious in vitro proliferation inhibition effect on haematoma cell strains such as MV4-11, Z138 and the like. Meanwhile, the compound also has good oral effect. Further in vivo efficacy tests prove that the compounds have better therapeutic action on acute myelogenous leukemia MV-4-11Ba1b/c mouse transplantable tumors and have good therapeutic effect on the tumors. The compound has the advantages of reasonable design of a synthetic route, easily obtained required raw materials, mild reaction conditions, high yield of each step, simple and convenient operation and suitability for industrial production. The N-substituted aromatic ring-2-aminopyrimidine compound has the following structural general formula:
The invention provides a drug carrier, a drug structure, application thereof, a preparation method thereof and a method for inhibiting helicobacter pylori by using the drug carrier. The drug carrier comprises negatively charged polymer, chitosan and magnetic particles. The application of the drug carrier is to prepare the drug for inhibiting the helicobacter pylori. The medicine structure comprises a negative-charged polymer, chitosan, magnetic particles and an active ingredient. The method of making the drug structure comprises providing and mixing solutions having the components of the drug structure into an initial solution, wherein the components of the initial solution react to form particles of the drug structure. The method for inhibiting the helicobacter pylori by using the medicine structure is to administer an effective dose of the medicine structure to the helicobacter pylori group. By the drug carrier and the drug structure, the treatment effect of the drug carrier or the drug structure can be further improved.
BACKGROUND: The late presentation and diagnosis of OSCC account for the large number of patients with the advanced form of the disease. In Sudan, cases with delayed presentation, particularly those with risk factors such as Toombak dipping and alcohol consumption, frequently present with extensive lesions and a wide area of Field cancerization which characterized by the presence of genetic and epigenetic changes in histologically normal-appearing tissues, and have increased risk for recurrent and second primary tumors. This necessitates more aggressive treatment and is usually associated with poorer outcomes. The present study aims to investigate the survival of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients with a wide field of cancerization.
METHODS: This prospective longitudinal study includes ninety-three oral cancer patients with extensive fields of cancerization who underwent surgical treatment at Khartoum Teaching Dental Hospital (KTDH) conducted from 2019 to 2023. These patients were regularly assessed for clinical changes such as recurrence, the development of second primary tumours, and overall survival over a period of one year.
RESULTS: Out of the 93 patients, 57 (61.3%) were males, and 36 (38.7%) were females. The majority of the patients (82%) had stage IV tumours, and 62.3% had nodal metastasis. Twenty-eight (30%) patients developed recurrences, and 14 (15%) developed second primary tumours. The overall one-year survival rate was 89%, and all deceased patients passed away within 12 months. The survival rate for patients with different types of recurrences varied, with patients who had regional, local, and locoregional recurrences having survival rates of 87%, 74%, and 72%, respectively. Patients who did not experience a recurrence had a one-year survival rate of 92%. Patients who developed second primary tumours had an 86% survival rate. The survival rates for OSCC patients at stages III, IVa, and IVb were 90%, 90%, and 71%, respectively.
CONCLUSION: In this study, 62% of patients had nodal metastasis, 30% developed recurrence, and 15% developed second primary tumours. The overall one-year survival rate was 89%, although the development of recurrences and second primary tumours had a negative impact on the survival rate.
Patients receive paclitaxel IV over 1 hour once weekly and placebo PO QD for 2-3 weeks. Patients then receive concurrent paclitaxel IV over 1 hour once weekly and placebo PO QD for 6-7 weeks (or until radiation treatment is completed) and IMRT 5 days per week for 6.5 weeks (total of 66 Gy in 33 fractions). Beginning 25-31 days after the completion of IMRT, patients receive paclitaxel IV over 1 hour once weekly and placebo PO QD. Treatment repeats every 3 weeks for 4 cycles (for patients with no measurable disease) or continues in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity (for patients with measurable disease).
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, namely to surgical dentistry and is intended for application in carrying out vestibuloplastry. Horizontal cut of mucousa is performed on the boundary of alveolar gum and movable mucous envelope of oral cavity vestibule. Dissection of flap is performed parallel to periosteum. Mucous flap and muscles are displaced in apecal direction to the depth of created vestibule. On periosteum rewsidual muscular fibres and connective tissue bands are excised. De-epithelialisation of submarginal keratinised gum is performed within 1-2 mm. Sampling of free gum transplant of required length is carried out on hard palate in area from canine to second molar of maxilla, indenting 3-4 mm from gum edge. After sampling, autotransplant is exposed in preparation "Perftoran" for one minute. In recipient zone preparation "Perftoran" is introduced into transitional fold in dose 0.01 ml/kg of body weight. Transplant is fixed on periosteum bed. First sutures are applied on transplant edges, after that, sutures, fixing and stabilising lower and upper edges of transplant are performed with placement of upper edge of transplant on de-epithelialised surface of keratinised gum. After that, transplant is fixed by blanket suture, which presses it to periosteum bed. In the last turn edge of mucous flap is fixed in the depth of newly created vestibule of cavity. In post-operative period applications with preparation "Perftoran" are performed 1 time per day for ten minutes during 3 days. ^ EFFECT: method makes it possible to improve functional result, reduce quantity of post-operative complications, creates conditions for accelerated regeneration of tissues due to increase of zone of keratinised gum and reduction of risk of free gum transplant necrosis. ^ 1 ex
A commercially available bread crouton product. To be consumed as 2 x 14g portions per day for 6 weeks.
The role of septorhinoplasty for adequate correction of deviated nose is well documented, but the rationales and patterns for recurrences after proper rhinoplasty remain unclear. There has also been little attention given to the influence of nasal musculatures on the stability of nasal structures after septorhinoplasty. The aim of this article is to propose our nasal muscle imbalance theory, which may explain the potential reason for redeviation of the noses in the initial period after septorhinoplasty. We postulate that in a chronically deviated nose, the nasal muscles on the convex side will be stretched and develop hypertrophy after prolonged period of increased contractile activity. On the contrary, the nasal muscles on the concave side will undergo atrophy due to reduced load requirement. In the initial period of recovery after a septorhinoplasty to bring the nose back to midline, this muscle imbalance is still uncorrected with unequal pulling forces on the nasal structure because the stronger nasal muscles on the previously convex side is still hypertrophied and exert stronger forces compared with the previously concave side, therefore increasing the risk of redeviation of the nose back to the preoperative side until muscle atrophy occurs in the convex side and a balanced nasal muscle pull is achieved. We believe that postseptorhinoplasty botulinum toxin injections can be used as an adjunct in rhinoplasty surgery to effectively block the pulling actions of the stronger or overacting nasal muscles by speeding up the atrophy process while allowing patient's nose to heal and stabilize in the desired position. However, further studies to objectively confirm this hypothesis is required, which include comparing topographic measurements, imaging and electromyography signals before and after injections in postseptorhinoplasty patients. The authors have already planned a multicenter study to further evaluate this theory.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: FibroScan® Expert 630 and FibroScan® Mini+430 are novel vibration-controlled transient elastography devices equipped with the same SmartExam software, which allows continuous measurement of controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) during the entire examination. This study aims to compare the CAP variabilities and the quantification for liver fibrosis and steatosis between the conventional FibroScan and the SmartExam-equipped machines in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).
METHODS: This retrospective study included 118 patients with biopsy-proven MASLD who underwent liver biopsy at two tertiary centres between 2021 and 2023. Liver stiffness and steatosis measurements were performed using both FibroScan machines and M and XL probes for each individual. Liver histology was used as the reference standard for liver fibrosis and steatosis staging.
RESULTS: Standard deviations of continuous CAP (cCAP) were significantly lower than those of CAP for all probes (p < .0001). CAP variability was significantly associated with body mass index (p < .01), probe selection (p < .001) as well as the random effect of centre. Only the effect of probe selection (p < .001) was significantly associated with cCAP variability. No significant difference was found in the performance of staging liver fibrosis and steatosis between two types of machines at the same cut-offs.
CONCLUSIONS: The SmartExam-based VCTE reduces the variability of CAP measurement and achieves a similar accuracy as the FibroScan 502 device for the estimation of both hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Future studies should determine if cCAP is a better tool to monitor changes in steatosis than the original CAP.
Spermatozoon assessment apparatus and method are provided. In the method, multiple spermatozoon images are obtained. The spermatozoon images captured toward one or more spermatozoon obtained from the detection outside the body. The positions of the spermatozoon in the spermatozoon images are determined through a tracking model. The tracking model is trained based on a machine learning algorithm. The moving distance and the direction angle thereof are determined according to positions of the spermatozoon in different spermatozoon images. The activity degree of the spermatozoon is determined according to the moving distance and the direction angle through the fuzzy inference. The moving distance, the steering angle, and the activity degree are corresponding to one or more membership functions, respectively. Each membership is corresponding to a value range. The steering angle is related to the variation between the direction angles in adjacent images. Accordingly, a high-quality spermatozoon can be selected with high accuracy.
Provided are polynucleotides encoding Pyruvate:NADP+ oxidoreductases (PNO) as well as methods for obtaining the same. Furthermore, vectors comprising said polynucleotides are described, wherein the polynucleotides are operatively linked to expression control sequences allowing the expression in prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic host cells. In addition, polypeptides encoded by said polynucleotides, antibodies to said polypeptides and methods for their production are provided. Further described are methods for increasing the acetyl CoA synthesis as well as methods for the production of fatty acids, carotenoids, isoprenoids, vitamins, lipids, wax esters, (poly)saccharides and/or polyhydroxyalkanoates, or its metabolism products, in particular, steroid hormones, prostaglandin, cholesterol, triacylglycerols, bile acids or ketone bodies, comprising the expression of the polynucleotide or polypeptide described herein in a host cell or plant cell, plant tissue or plant. Methods for the identification of compounds being capable of activating or inhibiting PNO are described as well. Further, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the afore-mentioned inhibiting compounds and antibodies is described.  Furthermore, transgenic plants, plant tissues, and plant cells containing the above described polynucleotides and vectors are described as well as the use of the mentioned polynucleotides, vectors, polypeptides, antibodies, and/or compounds identified by the method of the invention in the production of acetyl CoA metabolism products, e.g., fatty acids, carotenoids, isoprenoids, vitamins, lipids, (poly)saccharides, wax esters, and/or polyhydroxyalkanoates, and/or its metabolism products, in particular, steroid hormones, prostaglandin, cholesterol, triacylglycerols, bile acids and/or ketone bodies and pharmaceutical compositions.
Preservative systems on the basis of cationic surfactants are known i n the art, a typical example of such cationic surfactants is the ethyl ester of the lauramide of arginine monohydrochloride ( LAE ) (2). Besides the chloride form the corresponding bromide and sulphate salts are known. It was found that other salts of the cationic surfactants display excellent properties, such as the salts oflactic acid, glutamic acid and acetic acid. It was further found that the combination of the cationic surfactants with at least one salt of an organic or inorganic acid displayed an excellent preservative action. A further preservative system with favourable properties was the combination of the cationic surfactants with at least one ester compound, amide or enzyme inhibitor. Also the combination of the cationic surfactant with a further cationic molecule such as ethyl arginate, glucosamine or chitosan led to an effective preservative system. A further effective preservative system turned out to be the cationic surfactant in encapsulated form.
Patients receive FOLFOX chemotherapy as in arm I. Patients also receive vismodegib PO on days 1-14. Courses repeat every 2 weeks in the absence of unacceptable toxicity or disease progression.
Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) is an equipment where an ultrasound transducer is attached to the tip of the endoscope. When advanced to the stomach the organs outside such as the pancreas and liver can be visualized in great detail. This enables diagnosis of conditions such as pancreatic cancer. However, an endoscopist must undergo training to accurately interpret these ultrasound images.

The investigators are in the process of developing an artificial intelligence system that could potentially interpret EUS images. The objective of the study is to determine if this artificial intelligence system is capable of detecting abnormalities in the pancreas that are identified by an endoscopist at endoscopic ultrasound procedures. Such correlation if established will lead to possible development of an artificial intelligence platform that can diagnose pancreatic diseases. Such development will potentially minimize human error and decrease learning curve to gain proficiency in EUS.
Patients identified to have Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema will receive 2.5mg Normal saline inhaled (Placebo) on enrollment and at 4 hours in the emergency department. Patient will be monitor on telemetry in the emergency department during and after placebo administration.
BACKGROUND: Dyslipidemia is frequently exhibited in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Remnant cholesterol (RC), an emerging novel lipid marker, plays an elusive role in CKD progression. This study sought to investigate the association of RC with decreased kidney function or albuminuria in the general population of U.S.
METHOD: Data were retrieved from the continuous 2001 to 2018 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Individuals aged between 18 and 70 years were included. RC was divided into quartiles. Albuminuria was defined by albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) ≥30 mg/g, while reduced kidney function was described as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Using a multivariable regression model, the association of RC with decreased eGFR or albuminuria was examined. The dose‒response relationship between RC and eGFR or ACR was also investigated using a restricted cubic spline (RCS) model.
RESULTS: A total of 1551 (10.98%) participants with impaired renal function or albuminuria were identified. After multivariate adjustment, RC was not significantly associated with kidney function decline or albuminuria (odds ratio (OR) 1.24, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.95, 1.61). However, a significantly inverse correlation was observed between RC and eGFR in a dose‒response manner (β -2.12, 95% CI: -3.04, -1.21). This association remained consistent when stratifying data by gender, age, race, hypertension, diabetes and body mass index (BMI).
CONCLUSION: A higher RC was significantly correlated with a lower eGFR in the general population. The role of RC in predicting kidney outcomes needed further investigation in prospective studies.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the subject new apparatus capable of keeping the amount of microorganisms to a low level without causing the precipitation of mineral salts in the mineral water and the generation of a jet at the end of spray by using a mixed gas containing nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas as the propellant gas. SOLUTION: A propellant gas 8 consisting of a mixed gas containing nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas is filled together with a mineral water 10 into a vessel 11 provided with a valve and a spraying means for mineral water. The propellant gas is preferably a mixture of 50vol.% each of nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas. The mineral water preferably contains a carbonate and a bicarbonate at a total concentration of >=360mg/L. The use of a spraying channel having a nozzle provided with three spiral paths is preferable to prevent the generation of jet at the end of release and enable the use of a propellant gas containing carbon dioxide gas at a high ratio. The valve is preferably of a type capable of directing a spray head upward as well as downward to avoid the loss of the propellant gas.
Participants will eat 3 chef prepared meals a day that contain impossible beef as main protein source. Snacks and desserts will be provided. All aspects of the meals, except for meat type (beef/impossible beef) will be the same during each arm. The base diet will be comprised of whole foods. Meals will meet acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges of the USDA.