anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This retrospective transcriptomic study leveraged bioinformatics and machine learning algorithms to identify novel gene biomarkers and explore immune cell infiltration profiles associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Utilizing an integrated analysis of metadata encompassing six gene expression omnibus (GEO) microarray datasets, 987 differentially expressed genes were identified. Further gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses revealed the enrichment of these genes across various biological processes and pathways. Moreover, a systematic integration of two machine learning algorithms along with pathway-gene correlations identified six candidate biomarkers, which were validated in a separate cohort comprising six additional microarray datasets, ultimately identifying ADD3 and GNAS as diagnostic biomarkers for COPD. Subsequently, the diagnostic efficacy of ADD3 and GNAS was assessed, and the impact of their expression levels on overall survival was further evaluated and quantified in the validation cohort. Examination of immune cell subtype infiltration found increased proportions of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, resting and activated NK cells, along with decreased M0 and M2 macrophages, in COPD versus control samples. Correlation analyses also uncovered significant associations between ADD3 and GNAS expression and infiltration of various immune cell types. In conclusion, this study elucidates crucial COPD diagnostic biomarkers and immune cell profiles which may illuminate the immunopathological drivers of COPD progression, representing personalized therapeutic targets warranting further investigation.
The outcomes of patients who experience status epilepticus during the post-cardiac arrest period, or post-anoxic status epilepticus (PASE), remain dismal despite advances in resuscitation. The combination of therapeutic nihilism and the refractoriness of seizures in a setting where pessimistic prognostic impressions prevail is likely the main driver of such poor outcomes. The resulting pervasive vicious cycle perpetuates this knowledge gap, whereby hypoxic-ischemic insults as the etiology for seizures remain a ubiquitous exclusion criterion for clinal trials in status epilepticus. Effective therapies targeting hyperexcitability resulting from hypoxic-ischemic brain injury are urgently needed. Early inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transaminase with vigabatrin holds potential as an effective adjunctive therapy for PASE. This scientific premise is based on the resulting halted GABA catabolism thereby promoting synergistic augmentation of GABAergic pathway when used in combination with positive GABAergic allosteric modulators. This paper is based on a lecture presented at the 9th London-Innsbruck Colloquium on Status Epilepticus and Acute Seizures, in London 8-10 April 2024.
OBJECTIVE: Preclinical research implicates hypothalamic inflammation (HI) in obesity and type 2 diabetes pathophysiology. However, their pathophysiological relevance and potential reversibility need to be better defined. We sought to evaluate the effect of bariatric surgery (BS) on radiological biomarkers of HI and the association between the severity of such radiological alterations and post-BS weight loss (WL) trajectories. The utility of cerebrospinal fluid large extracellular vesicles (CSF-lEVs) enriched for microglial and astrocyte markers in studying HI was also explored.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We included 72 individuals with obesity (20 with and 52 without type 2 diabetes) and 24 control individuals. Participants underwent lumbar puncture and 3-T MRI at baseline and 1-year post-BS. We assessed hypothalamic mean diffusivity (MD) (higher values indicate lesser microstructural integrity) and the volume of the whole and main hypothalamic subregions. CSF-lEVs enriched for glial and astrocyte markers were determined by flow cytometry.
RESULTS: Compared with control group, the obesity and type 2 diabetes groups showed a larger volume and higher MD in the hypothalamic tubular inferior region, the area encompassing the arcuate nucleus. These radiological alterations were positively associated with baseline anthropometric and metabolic measures and improved post-BS. A larger baseline tubular inferior hypothalamic volume was independently related to lesser WL 1 and 2 years after BS. CSF-lEVs did not differ among groups and were unrelated to WL trajectories.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest HI improvement after BS and may support a role for HI in modulating the WL response to these interventions.
The safety test will recruit 10 patients. Following registration they will receive 3 cycles of Neo-MASCT treatment. Patients will be seen at week 1, week 2 and week 4 of every cycle.

Following the safety test, 98 patients will be randomized to the trial across 3 recruiting centers. All patients on the treatment arm will complete up to 18 cycles of Neo-MASCT treatment. Patients on the control arm will be actively monitored after randomization. Blood samples for immune response test will be taken at baseline, cycle 1day 1 and then 3 monthly on day 1 of the subsequent cycles. The planned treatment duration will be until relapse of disease, unacceptable toxicity or withdrawal of consent. The end of the trial will be 24 months after the recruitment of the last patient.
A voice-based health detection system used to monitor vocal changes of a user to detect early signs of potential health issues. The system may comprise a voice-based health detection server communicatively coupled to sensors such as wearable computing devices. The sensors may be used to capture signal data and monitor vital signs from a user. The server may be configured to receive the signal data from the sensors, identify characteristics from the signal data, and extract features from the characteristics. The extracted features may comprise vocal characteristics of the user such as vocal pitch, speed, range, weight, and timbre. The server may be configured to detect whether the extracted features exceed a predetermined threshold. The system may therefore provide early health-based alerts of potential health issues of the user in response to the detected features exceeding the predetermined threshold and shifting beyond their regular control limits.
The invention relates to medicine, in particular, to administering an emergency self medical aid in allergic reactions caused by an insect bite. Increase of therapeutic effectiveness of the method and quick relief of the allergic reaction is achieved by that the method of administering emergency aid in insect allergy comprising administration of antihistamine preparation and treatment of a bite spot for removing edema, according to the invention after a bite adrenalin in an amount of 0.2-1.0 mg or noradrealin in an amount of 0.5-2.0 mg is placed under the tongue, 01.% adrenalin solution in a dose 0.3-0.5 ml is injected around the bite spot, and an antihistamine preparation selected from zetrinal in an amount of 2-10 mg, or loratadine in an amount of 2-10 mg, or ketotifen in an amount of 1-2 mg, or suprastin in an amount of 5-25 mg, or clemastine in an amount of 1-2 mg, or diazolin in an amount of 0,05-0,3 mg is administered orally. After injecting adrenalin around the bite spot a cold compress is applied thereto. The bite spot is salved with an ointment comprising corticosteroid preparation. An euphyllin tablet and a tablet of corticosteroid preparation are administered in addition. In case of eye edema dinaf is instilled in the eyes and/or eyelids are salved with a hydrocortisone ointment. 4-8 mg of dexamethasone or 30-60 mg of prednisolone are administered intravenously or intramuscularly. In case of mucuos nose edema nasal drops are instilled and an ointment comprising a corticosteroid preparation is salved.
BACKGROUND: Frailty is a suggested consequence of ageing, but with a variety of different definitions the understanding of what it means to be frail is challenging. There is a common belief that frailty results in a reduction of physical functioning and ability and therefore is likely to significantly affect a person's quality of life. The aim of this study was to explore the understanding of older people about the meaning of frailty and the potential consequences of being classified as frail.
METHODS: This paper forms a secondary analysis of a process evaluation of a complex intervention that was embedded within the individually randomised Home-based Extended Rehabilitation of Older people (HERO) trial. A maximum variation, purposive sampling strategy sought to recruit participants with a wide range of characteristics. Data collection included observations of the delivery of the intervention, documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews with participants. Thematic analysis was used to make sense of the observational and interview data, adopting both inductive and deductive approaches.
RESULTS: Ninety three HERO trial participants were sampled for the process evaluation with a total of 60 observational home visits and 35 interviews were undertaken. There was a wide range in perceptions about what it meant to be classified as frail with no clear understanding from our participants. However, there was a negative attitude towards frailty with it being considered something that needed to be avoided where possible. Frailty was seen as part of a negative decline that people struggled to associate with. There was discussion about frailty being temporary and that it could be reduced or avoided with sufficient physical exercise and activity.
CONCLUSION: Our study provides insight into how older people perceive and understand the concept of frailty. Frailty is a concept that is difficult for patients to understand, with most associating the term with an extreme degree of physical and cognitive decline. Having a label of being "frail" was deemed to be negative and something to be avoided, suggesting the term needs to be used cautiously.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN 13927531. Registered on April 19, 2017.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with profound health consequences in Veterans, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in adults in the United States. Trauma-related nightmares, a hallmark of PTSD, are a debilitating symptom that can lead to poor sleep quality and other health issues that ultimately cause clinically significant impairments in daily functioning. Recently, nightmares were reported to be an independent predictor of CVD in Veterans, for reasons that are unclear. Poor sleep is associated with increased CVD risk, possibly by impairing vascular health and nervous system function. Nightmare-related sleep disturbances are often resistant to first-line treatment (e.g., psychotherapy, medications) and even with improvements, residual nightmares and sleep disturbances often persist that still meet clinical significance. Moreover, significant barriers often exist including access to care and lack of trained providers, that prevent reaching and engagement of individuals to treatments, and there is poor adherence to interventions overall. As such, there is a need to implement interventions and/or complementary approaches that may appeal to Veterans experiencing PTSD-related nightmares who are looking for alternatives. In this regard, NightWare (NW) digital therapeutic is a novel smart watch application that was recently granted Breakthrough Device designation by the FDA for the treatment of nightmares in adults with PTSD. It uses the wearer's biometric data (i.e., heart rate, body movement and position) to distinguish normal and distressed sleep and interrupt nightmares. Preliminary evidence demonstrated an improvement in subjective sleep quality in Veterans after 30-days of NW compared with a sham condition. However, it is unknown whether NW improves sleep quality in Veterans with PTSD with co-morbid medical conditions such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or in those using medications (e.g., prazosin) to treat nightmares related to PTSD. It is also unknown if the effects of NW on sleep are similar in male and female Veterans, or whether improvements in sleep with NW result in improvements in objective sleep (i.e., sleep physiology) or cardiovascular health. In this context, this study will determine if 8 weeks of NW improves subjective sleep in Veterans with PTSD-related nightmares, including those with OSA and/or taking medications to treat PTSD related nightmares (e.g., prazosin). The change in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores from baseline to 8 weeks will be measured. Additional goals will evaluate changes in cardiovascular health outcomes with NW use and if there are potential sex differences in the response to NW. The proposed research is a high priority topic of the Veterans Affairs, as PTSD affects 11-23% of Veterans in a given year. The research is highly innovative and if successful will lead to significant advances in the healthcare of Veterans, particularly as it relates to the treatment of PTSD-related nightmares.
The invention relates to yin-nourishing and yang-tonifying health-care wine and a preparation method thereof. The health-care wine comprises Chinese caterpillar fungus, red lucid ganoderma, Chinese angelica, medlar, emblic leafflower fruit, var. albescens DC. seed and stevia rebaudiana serving as active ingredients. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: heating each medicine to the temperature of between 50 and 70 DEG C by using 60-degree corn wine in a weight ratio of 1:20, keeping for 3 to 5 hours, soaking at normal temperature for 10 to 15 days in a sealed mode, filtering a soak solution to obtain Chinese caterpillar fungus wine, red lucid ganoderma wine, Chinese angelica wine, medlar wine, emblic leafflower fruit wine, var. albescens DC. seed wine and stevia rebaudiana wine respectively, and mixing to obtain raw yin-nourishing and yang-tonifying health-care wine; and blending the raw yin-nourishing and yang-tonifying health-care wine with distilled water to obtain finished yin-nourishing and yang-tonifying health-care wine with the alcohol content of 35 to 45 degrees. 20 to 50ml of wine is generally drunk before sleep every day, and the effects of nourishing yin, tonifying yang and supplementing proteins, various vitamins, trace elements and amino acids which are necessary to human bodies can be achieved; and the wine has a good auxiliary effect of normally secreting male and female sex hormones and a sleep promoting effect.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently retrieve an artificial bone which fits a lesion shape in a template data storing device which stores templates corresponding with artificial bones as electronic data. SOLUTION: This template data storing device 10 is constituted of a recording section 11 comprising an image file recording means 12, a shape data extracting means 13 and a shape file recording means 14, and a reading section 15. In this case, the image file recording means 12 records respective template image data D4 which respectively represent a plurality of kinds of templates, in an image file. The shape data extracting means 13 extracts template shape data D1 representing respective characteristics in shape of the plurality of kinds of templates, for each template, based on the template image data D4. The shape file recording means 14 records the template shape data D1 extracted by the shape data extracting means 13 in a manner to correspond with the template image data D4.  The reading section 15 has a record reading means 16 which reads the template data recorded on a CD-ROM or the like, and temporarily stores the data in a hard disk or the like.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To discuss future research themes and study design in cardiogenic shock.
RECENT FINDINGS: Cardiogenic shock research faces multiple challenges, hindering progress in understanding and treating this life-threatening condition. Cardiogenic shock's heterogeneous nature poses challenges in patient selection for clinical trials, potentially leading to variability in treatment responses and outcomes. Ethical considerations arise due to the acuity and severity of the condition, posing challenges in obtaining informed consent and conducting randomized controlled trials where time to treatment is pivotal.
SUMMARY: This review discusses research in this area focusing on the importance of phenotyping patients with cardiogenic shock, based on artificial intelligence, machine learning, and unravel new molecular mechanisms using proteomics and metabolomics. Further, the future research focus in mechanical circulatory support and targeting inflammation is reviewed. Finally, newer trial designs including adaptive platform trials are discussed.
Study in Healthy Normal Volunteers

Topiramate extended-release capsule taken once a day provides steady state plasma levels comparable to immediate-release topiramate taken every 12 hours, when administered at the same total 200-mg daily dose. In a crossover study, 33 healthy subjects were titrated to a 200-mg dose of either topiramate extended-release capsules or immediate-release topiramate and were maintained at 200 mg per day for 10 days.

The 90% CI for the ratios of AUC0-24, Cmax and Cmin, as well as partial AUC (the area under the concentration- time curve from time 0 to time p (post dose) for multiple time points were within the 80 to 125% bioequivalence limits, indicating no clinically significant difference between the two formulations. In addition, the 90% CI for the ratios of topiramate plasma concentration at each of multiple time points over 24 hours for the two formulations were within the 80 to 125% bioequivalence limits, except for the initial time points before 1.5 hour post-dose.

Study in Patients with Epilepsy

In a study in epilepsy patients treated with immediate-release topiramate alone or in combination with either enzyme-inducing or neutral AEDs who were switched to an equivalent daily dose of topiramate extended-release capsules, there was a 10% decrease in AUC0-24, Cmax, and Cmin on the first day after the switch in all patients. At steady state, AUC0-24 and Cmax were comparable to immediate-release topiramate in all patients. While patients treated with topiramate extended-release capsules alone or in combination with neutral AEDs showed comparable Cmin at steady state, patients treated with enzyme-inducers showed a 10% decrease in Cmin. This difference is likely not clinically significant and probably due to the small number of patients on enzyme-inducers.
OBJECTIVE: Isolated spinal aneurysms (ISAs) are rare causes of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), which encompass a highly heterogeneous group of clinical entities with multifarious pathogeneses, clinical characteristics, and treatment strategies. Therefore, knowledge about the ISAs remains inadequate. In this study, the authors present a comprehensive analysis of clinical data associated with ISAs at their institutions to enhance the understanding of this disease.
METHODS: Patients with ISAs confirmed by spinal angiography or surgery at the authors' institutions between 2015 and 2022 were included. Data regarding clinical presentation, lesion location, aneurysm morphology, comorbidities, treatment results, and clinical outcomes were reviewed.
RESULTS: Seven patients with ISAs were included in the study. Among them, 4 patients (57.1%) experienced severe headache, and 3 patients (42.9%) reported sudden-onset back pain. Additionally, lower-extremity weakness and urinary retention were observed in 2 of these patients (28.6%). Four of the aneurysms exhibited fusiform morphology, whereas the remaining were saccular. All saccular aneurysms in this series were attributed to hemodynamic factors. Conservative treatment was administered to 3 patients, 2 of whom underwent follow-up digital subtraction angiography, which showed spontaneous occlusion of both aneurysms. Four patients ultimately underwent invasive treatments, including 2 who underwent microsurgery and 2 who received endovascular embolization. One patient died of recurrent SAH, while the remaining 6 patients had a favorable prognosis at the latest follow-up assessment.
CONCLUSIONS: The morphology of aneurysms may be associated with their etiology. Saccular ISAs are usually caused by pressure due to abnormally increased blood flow, whereas fusiform lesions may be more likely to be secondary to vessel wall damage. The authors found that a saccular spinal aneurysm in young patients with a significant dilated parent artery may be a vestige of spinal cord arteriovenous shunts. ISAs can be managed by surgical, endovascular, or conservative procedures, and the clinical outcome is generally favorable. However, the heterogeneous nature of the disease necessitates personalized treatment decision-making based on specific clinical features of each patient.
The present invention is directed to an integrated on-line interactive forum that promotes exchange of information among clinical study sponsors, clinical study investigators, and potential clinical study subjects. The forum includes an investigator database (808) that contains information suitable for identification of qualified investigators (811) for clinical studies and a subject database (807) that contains information suitable for identification of eligible subjects for clinical studies (817, 819). An extranet is coupled to the investigator database and the subject database. The extranet allows sponsors and investigators to exchange securely documents required to start a clinical study (830). The forum also optionally includes one or more web pages that provide information describing clinical studies to potential clinical study subjects and permit potential clinical study subjects to register for inclusion in the subject database. A therapeutic incidence area database (806) is also optionally integrated into the forum.
The present invention relates to a preparation method for a medical microsphere of a biodegradation polymer, which belongs to the technical field of nanometer medicine. The present invention uses a phase separation method caused by nonsolvent. A polymer is dissolved in solvent so as to form a solvent phase, and hydrophilic medicine is dissolved in nonsolvent so as to form a nonsolvent phase. Then, the solvent phase is injected into the nonsolvent phase. Solvent is volatilized and dialyzed at room temperature so as to remove unpacked medicine. The solvent is frozen and dried into powder so as to obtain the medicine microsphere of a biodegradation polymer. The present invention can result in that the encapsulation efficiency of water soluble medicine reaches over 20%, and the particle diameter of the microsphere is shorter than 150 nanometers. Therefore, the microsphere can satisfy more operation requirements.
Premature Closure of Fetal Ductus Arteriosus:

Avoid use of NSAIDs, including TRADENAME, in pregnant women at about 30 weeks gestation and later. NSAIDs, including TRADENAME, increase the risk of premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus at approximately this gestational age.

Oligohydramnios/Neonatal Renal Impairment:

Use of NSAIDs, including TRADENAME, at about 20 weeks gestation or later in pregnancy may cause fetal renal dysfunction leading to oligohydramnios and, in some cases, neonatal renal impairment. These adverse outcomes are seen, on average, after days to weeks of treatment, although oligohydramnios has been infrequently reported as soon as 48 hours after NSAID initiation. Oligohydramnios is often, but not always, reversible with treatment discontinuation. Complications of prolonged oligohydramnios may, for example, include limb contractures and delayed lung maturation. In some postmarketing cases of impaired neonatal renal function, invasive procedures such as exchange transfusion or dialysis were required.

If NSAID treatment is necessary between about 20 weeks and 30 weeks gestation, limit TRADENAME use to the lowest effective dose and shortest duration possible. Consider ultrasound monitoring of amniotic fluid if TRADENAME treatment extends beyond 48 hours. Discontinue TRADENAME if oligohydramnios occurs and follow up according to clinical practice [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].