anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: In Parkinson's patients, intestinal dysbiosis can occur years before clinical diagnosis, implicating the gut and its microbiota in the disease. Recent evidence suggests the gut microbiota may trigger body-first Parkinson Disease (PD), yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate how a dysbiotic microbiome through intestinal immune alterations triggers PD-related neurodegeneration.
METHODS: To determine the impact of gut dysbiosis on the development and progression of PD pathology, wild-type male C57BL/6 mice were transplanted with fecal material from PD patients and age-matched healthy donors to challenge the gut-immune-brain axis.
RESULTS: This study demonstrates that patient-derived intestinal microbiota caused midbrain tyrosine hydroxylase positive (TH +) cell loss and motor dysfunction. Ileum-associated microbiota remodeling correlates with a decrease in Th17 homeostatic cells. This event led to an increase in gut inflammation and intestinal barrier disruption. In this regard, we found a decrease in CD4 + cells and an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines in the blood of PD transplanted mice that could contribute to an increase in the permeabilization of the blood-brain-barrier, observed by an increase in mesencephalic Ig-G-positive microvascular leaks and by an increase of mesencephalic IL-17 levels, compatible with systemic inflammation. Furthermore, alpha-synuclein aggregates can spread caudo-rostrally, causing fragmentation of neuronal mitochondria. This mitochondrial damage subsequently activates innate immune responses in neurons and triggers microglial activation.
CONCLUSIONS: We propose that the dysbiotic gut microbiome (dysbiome) in PD can disrupt a healthy microbiome and Th17 homeostatic immunity in the ileum mucosa, leading to a cascade effect that propagates to the brain, ultimately contributing to PD pathophysiology. Our landmark study has successfully identified new peripheral biomarkers that could be used to develop highly effective strategies to prevent the progression of PD into the brain.
BACKGROUND: Sepsis is a disorder characterized by host inflammation and is caused by systemic infection. The inflammatory cytokine storm results in platelet overactivation, leading to coagulation dysfunction and thrombosis, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Recent evidence has shown that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is related to sepsis, but its role and mechanism in sepsis complicated with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) are unclear.
METHODS: In this study, a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis model and DVT mouse model were constructed by inferior vena cava ligation. The levels of serum inflammatory factors and adhesion molecules were measured in each group, and the thrombus weight and size, hematoxylin-eosin staining, collagen fiber tissue, and transcriptome of the venous wall were analyzed. The activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signal was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, ELISA, and immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence methods.
RESULTS: Sepsis significantly promoted the formation of venous wall collagen fibers and DVT. In addition, Porcn significantly upregulated and activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in sepsis mouse models with DVT. In contrast, the Wnt signaling inhibitor LGK974 was found to improve the survival rate, decrease thrombosis, and inhibit the expression of inflammation and adhesion molecules in sepsis mice with DVT. Therefore, activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signal may promote the formation of DVT in sepsis mice.
CONCLUSIONS: LGK974 protects against DVT formation in sepsis mice by inhibiting the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signal and down-regulating the production of proinflammatory cytokines, PAI-1, and adhesion molecules. LGK974 may be a new candidate for the treatment of sepsis complicated with DVT.
Respiratory exercises will be taught to the patient. Duration of the respiratory exercises is at least 10 minute per session, 7 days a week for 4 weeks. A weekly phone call will be provided and exercise will be followed.
Microdeletion syndromes are genetic diseases caused by multilocus chromosomal deletions too small to be detected by karyotyping. They are typified by complex pleiotropic developmental phenotypes that depend both on the extent of the deletion and variations in genetic background. Microdeletion alleles cause a wide array of consequences involving multiple pathways. How simultaneous haploinsufficiency of numerous adjacent genes leads to complex and variable pleiotropic phenotypes is not well understood. CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing has been shown to induce microdeletion-like alleles at a meaningful rate. Here, we describe a microdeletion allele in Caenorhabditis elegans recovered during a CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing experiment. We mapped the allele to chromosome V, balanced it with a reciprocal translocation crossover suppressor, and precisely defined the breakpoint junction. The allele simultaneously removes 32 protein-coding genes, yet animals homozygous for this mutation are viable as adults. Homozygous animals display a complex phenotype including maternal effect lethality, producing polynucleated embryos that grow into uterine tumors, vulva morphogenesis defects, body wall distensions, uncoordinated movement, and a shortened life span typified by death by bursting. Our work provides an opportunity to explore the complexity and penetrance of microdeletion phenotypes in a simple genetic model system.
Hypersensitivity reactions may occur within a few minutes following the initiation of the infusion of JEVTANA, thus facilities and equipment for the treatment of hypotension and bronchospasm should be available. Severe hypersensitivity reactions can occur and may include generalized rash/erythema, hypotension and bronchospasm.

Premedicate all patients prior to the initiation of the infusion of JEVTANA [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)]. Observe patients closely for hypersensitivity reactions, especially during the first and second infusions. Severe hypersensitivity reactions require immediate discontinuation of the JEVTANA infusion and appropriate therapy. JEVTANA is contraindicated in patients with a history of severe hypersensitivity reactions to cabazitaxel or to other drugs formulated with polysorbate 80 [see Contraindications (4)].
PURPOSE:To provide a matrix for practicable ionto-phoresis which is extremely enhanced in utilization efficiency of a medicine. CONSTITUTION:The matrix for ionto-phoresis formed by contg. a medicine-contg. layer having <0.05mm thickness is obtd. The ionto-phoresis is executed by using the matrix for ionto-phoresis, by which control to release the medicine is facilitated and the medicine is efficiently percutaneously absorbed. The amt. of the medicine to be incorporated in the matrix is thus made smaller than the ordinary amt. of use. Even more, there are substantially no side-effects, such as skin sore. Decomposition by water is suppressed and the medicine is stabilized by forming a peptide as a thin film if the medicine is the peptide.
Previous studies reported that there is an association between abnormal body fluid balance and prognosis in colitis patients. However, it remains to be clarified the effects of colitis on characteristics of body electrolytes or water content, including alternation in blood pressure. In this study, we examined the effects of colon injury on body water balance and blood pressure in the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. We evaluated body electrolytes and water content, blood pressure, and urea-associated water conservation in DSS mice. By 5 days after the treatment, DSS mice exhibited diarrhea but relatively maintained body weight and total body sodium, potassium, and water content by increases in water intake and hepatic ureagenesis. On 7 days after DSS treatment, when colitis becomes severe, DSS mice significantly decreased food and water intake, and body weight but significantly increased relative total body sodium, potassium, and water content per dry mass. Notably, DSS induced more total body dry mass loss relative to water loss. These body electrolytes and water accumulation on day 7 were associated with a reduction in urinary osmole excretion and urine volume accompanied by renal urea accumulation. DSS mice significantly increased blood pressure by day 5 and then decreased on day 7. These findings suggest that body electrolyte and fluid imbalance and alternations in blood pressure in colitis vary with the stage and severity of the condition. Assessment and correction of electrolyte and water content at the tissue level would be important to improve the prognosis of colitis.
Subjects in Schedule B will take BIIB021 in the morning at approximately 0800 with at least 6 ounces of water following an overnight fast (beginning at midnight). The second dose will be taken, following at least a 2-hour fast, 12 hours (+/- 2 hours) after the first dose, except on Day 1 of Cycle 1 and Day 1 of Cycle 2.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The histological characteristics and natural history of precirrhotic primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) with portal hypertension (PH) are unclear. Our aim was to clarify the prevalence, risk factors, and histological characteristics of precirrhotic PBC patients with PH.
METHODS: This retrospective study compared the clinical features, histological characteristics, and response to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) between the PH and non-PH groups of precirrhotic PBC patients.
RESULTS: Out of 165 precirrhotic PBC patients, 40 (24.2%) also had PH. According to histological stage 1, 2 and 3 disease, 5.3% (1/19), 17.3% (17/98), and 45.8% (22/48) of patients also had PH, respectively. Precirrhotic PBC with PH was significantly positively correlated with bile duct loss, degree of cytokeratin 7 positivity, and degree of fibrosis in the portal area, but significantly negatively correlated with lymphoid follicular aggregation. Compared to the non-PH group, patients in the PH group showed a higher prevalence of obliterative portal venopathy, incomplete septal fibrosis, portal tract abnormalities and non-zonal sinusoidal dilatation (p<0.05). In addition, patients with PH were more likely to present with symptoms of jaundice, ascites, epigastric discomfort, a poorer response to UDCA, and more decompensation events (p<0.05). High alkaline phosphatase levels, low white blood cell counts, high Mayo scores, and high FIB-4 index values were risk factors for precirrhotic PBC with PH.
CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 24.2% of precirrhotic PBC patients have PH, which is histologically related to the injury of bile ducts. High alkaline phosphatase levels, low white blood cell counts, high Mayo scores, and high FIB-4 index values are associated with increased risk of precirrhotic PBC with PH.
Volunteers allocated in this group received placebo phototherapy (PBMT - applied in six points of quadriceps) as a treatment three minutes and 24h, 48h and 72h after exercise protocol. The placebo PBMT device was identical to the active devices and displayed the same settings and emitted the same sound regardless of the comparator.
OBJECTIVE: Degenerative spine conditions affect many people each year. These conditions have been shown to negatively impact pain, function, and patient quality of life (QOL), which often require surgical intervention. It is understood that sleep plays an important role in all of these factors. However, the relationship between sleep disruption and lumbar surgery is not well understood. The objective of this study was to use a large database to understand the relationship between sleep quality and lumbar spine surgery outcomes.
METHODS: The surgical database of the authors' institute was used to identify all patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery for degenerative spine disease from January 1, 2012, through December 31, 2021. Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) sleep disturbance scores were collected, and only patients with both pre- and postoperative scores were included. Additional measures related to disability, pain, and depression were also obtained. Chart review was performed to collect patient demographics, health risk factors, and information related to sleep disturbances such as sleep medication usage and prior sleep condition diagnosis.
RESULTS: The study had 674 patients who met the criteria. At 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, there was a significant decrease in sleep disruption scores (i.e., sleep improvement), although these decreases were not greater than the minimal clinically important difference (MCID). When stratified based on preoperative sleep quality, patients with poor preoperative scores (PROMIS sleep disruption > 63.04) showed a significant decrease in sleep disruption by 8.17 at 3 months, 7.99 at 6 months, and 7.21 at 12 months. All of these decreases were greater than the sleep disruption MCID of 6.5. Multivariate analysis showed high preoperative sleep disruption and improvement in PROMIS physical health were most associated with decreased postoperative sleep disruption at all postoperative time points.
CONCLUSIONS: In patients with degenerative spine conditions, lumbar spine surgery offers improvement in sleep disruption for all patients. Those with poor preoperative sleep quality are more likely to see clinical improvement in their sleep disruption.
OBJECTIVES: The use of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) has been documented to be effective for improving pain and function, but it is unclear whether it helps improve muscle performance in musculoskeletal diseases. This study investigated the effects of IASTM combined with exercise therapy on muscle endurance and pain intensity in patients with chronic neck pain.
METHODS: Forty-eight individuals with chronic neck pain were randomly divided into exercise therapy (ET, n = 24) and combined therapy (CT, n = 24) groups. For 4 weeks, each group underwent exercise therapy 3 days a week for a total of 12 sessions. The ET group received exercise therapy only. The CT group received IASTM combined with exercise therapy twice per week for a total of 8 sessions. The muscle endurance of the participants was assessed with the Deep Neck Flexor Muscle Endurance (DNFE) test and pain intensity with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at baseline and post-treatment.
RESULTS: While both groups showed significant improvement in pain intensity (p < 0.05), the CT group showed a greater effect size for pain (CT group: Cohen's d = 3.28; ET group: Cohen's d = 2.12). The CT group showed significant improvement for muscle endurance (p < 0.05), whereas the ET group did not (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: In the current study, the IASTM intervention combined with ET improved pain and muscular endurance in participants with chronic neck pain compared to exercise therapy alone. As an alternative method, IASTM intervention before exercise seems to increase the short-term recovery effect in chronic neck pain conditions.
This study explored techniques and effects of stage-based care on patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The clinical data of 156 patients with chronic HBV infection treated in our hospital from September 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed and classified as the experimental group (EG). Patients were categorized into early, intermediate, and late hepatitis stages and received targeted clinical care during the various phases of chronic HBV infection. In addition, 144 cases of patients with chronic HBV admitted to the hospital from January 2018 to August 2018 and treated without stage-based care were classified as the control group (COG). General care was implemented for all patients before the initiation of stage-based care. Patient satisfaction, mortality rates of patients at different stages, liver pain scores, depression scores, blood biochemical indices, and alanine transaminase and total bilirubin levels before and after nursing care were compared. The total satisfaction rate of the EG group (90.38%) was significantly higher than that of the COG group (83.33%) (P < .05). We found no significant differences in the mortality rates of early-, middle-, and late-stage patients in the EG group when compared with those of the COG group at corresponding stages (P < .05). The self-care agency scores (for all dimensions) and psychosocial adaptation scores in the EG group were significantly higher than those in the COG group (P < .05) after care. Moreover, the pain scores in the EG group were significantly lower than those in the COG group after care (P < .05). Furthermore, the observed psychological status of patients in the EG group significantly improved when compared with that in the COG group (P < .05). Stage-based care for patients with severe chronic type B hepatitis increased clinical satisfaction, relieved pain, reduced depression, and improved blood biochemical indices. Therefore, stage-based care for chronic HBV infection should be included in the clinical environment.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in the Western adults, although the incidence of CLL is relatively low in Asian populations. However, with the aging population, the incidence of CLL is increasing in China. The interaction between CLL cells and the microenvironment plays a crucial role in the recognition of antigens by the B-cell receptor immunoglobulin (BCR IG). The mutational status of the immunoglobulin heavy variable region (IGHV) is a classical prognostic marker for CLL. Over 40% of CLL patients exhibit biased usage of IGHV and highly similar amino acid sequences in the heavy complementarity-determining region 3 (HCDR3), known as the BCR stereotypy. Different subgroups of stereotyped BCR exhibit distinct biological and clinical features. Among them, subset #2 with mutated IGHV and poor prognosis, as well as the subset #8 with a high risk of Richter transformation, have been recommended by the European Research Initiative on CLL to be included in clinical reports on IGHV mutational status. This review summarizes the definition, distribution, biological characteristics, and clinical significance of clonality patterns of the BCR in CLL.
The goal of this pilot study is to determine the feasibility and utility of administering IV contrast during a Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in subjects who have image guided radiation therapy (IGRT) for the treatment of abdominal and pelvic tumors. Participant duration is one visit.

Subjects will be required to fast for at least 2 hours prior to study procedures, as determined by the treating physician based on the site to be irradiated. An 18- to 22-gauge peripheral IV will be placed in the subject's arm prior to being brought to clinical treatment room. The patient will be placed in position for radiotherapy as per standard of care and will be connected to IV contrast injector. Standard of care IGRT techniques will be performed to confirm correct positioning. Iodinated IV contrast will be administered and the contrast enhance cone beam CT will be initiated. Treatment will then be administered with the patient in the position determined by non-contrast cone beam CT, as per standard of care. Immediately after completion of treatment of the subject, the study physician will complete physician survey of attitude about the utility of contrast-enhanced cone beam CT.
pelvic cancer is a broad term encompassing malignant tumors of the bladder, prostate, cervix, endometrium, ovaries, and uterus, among others. Pain associated with pelvic cancer is one of the most debilitating symptoms experienced by affected patients. Multiple studies demonstrate that the prevalence of pain in patients with pelvic cancer is \>50%, and can be upwards of 60% to 70% in patients with advanced or metastatic disease . Cancer patients with extension of tumor into the pelvis may experience severe pain. Oral or parenteral opioids may not only fail to provide relief, but may cause excessive sedation and other side effects. More invasive approaches may thus be needed to control pain and improve the quality of life. Since pelvic cancer pain is visceral in most cases, this could be achieved with percutaneous chemical neurolytic block of the superior hypogastric plexus . The superior hypogastric plexus is located at the anterior aspect of the L5 and S1 vertebrae, and traverses the disk between these levels. It is an extension of the aortic plexus below the aortic bifurcation, and contains almost exclusively sympathetic ﬁbers and visceral afferents . Afferent pain ﬁbers innervating pelvic organs travel with sympathetic nerves, trunks, ganglia, and rami; thus, interrupting the sympathetic chain at this level can be used to treat pelvic cancer pain. Several studies examined the use of superior hypogastric plexus block in the treatment of pelvic cancer pain. Although the authors reported a mean reduction in pain of 70%, neither the follow-up period nor the proportion with a successful prognostic block were noted. Radiofrequency utilizes a high-frequency alternating current that is passed from the needle electrode into the surrounding tissue, resulting in frictional heating and necrosis. Due to the accuracy of lesions produced by radiofrequency ablation, there has been growing interest in the use of this technique for neurolysis of nerves as it offers the potential of accurate nerve destruction ablation, with a predictable and controlled ablative lesion. Another advantage of radiofrequency ablation is that it has an immediate effect unlike alcohol and phenol, which may take up to 1 week or 10 days to achieve neurolysis .
We will include in the study 90 patients with diabetes and erectile dysfunction. We will use the IIEF-5 questionnaire to confirm the diagnosis of erectile dysfunction. Patients between the ages of 40 and 65 who score 21 points or less on the IIEF-5 scale will be included in the study. Each patient will receive drug tadalafil 5 mg every day for three months.
The invention relates to polymer surfaces having biologically active properties and to methods for the production thereof. According to the invention, small particles, e.g. nanocapsules, microcapsules or liposomes, which contain biologically active substances, are chemically fixed to the polymer surface. According to the field of application, the biologically active substances are released in a controllable manner from these fixed particles after inserting the medical devices provided with said biologically active substances into the body. Mixtures of these particles, which release the biologically active substances over different durations, can also be used in order to attain, over a long period of time, the required nearly uniform active concentrations on the surface of the medical devices. In addition, mixtures of these particles, which each contain different biologically active substances having different chemical and physical properties and different release kinetics resulting therefrom, can be used so that it is possible to adjust the active concentrations, which are also different for the different biologically active substances, on the surface of the medical devices.