anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Autogenous costal cartilage becomes a favorable choice for nasal reconstruction and complicated aesthetic rhinoplasty, because of its ample supply, sufficient for most patients. However, a notable drawback is the potential for warping. The authors' study aims to identify cutting planes that minimize warping.
METHODS: Two hundred seven costal cartilage grafts were obtained by slicing the extracted costal cartilages from 10 fresh cadavers along 3 main planes: cephalocaudal, anteroposterior, and parallel to the synchondrosis plane. Each of these major planes was further divided into grafts taken from both the central and peripheral portions. Furthermore, both subgroups were categorized into three thicknesses: 1, 2, and 3 mm. The warping angles of all grafts were then compared at various time intervals after the initial cutting.
RESULTS: Cephalocaudal cuts exhibited significantly greater warping than other planes. Anteroposterior cuts displayed the least warping, although this difference lacked statistical significance. Peak warping occurred at 30 minutes. Certain grafts continued to warp even at 1 month. Central grafts had less warping than peripheral ones, although the difference was not statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS: Cephalocaudal cuts yielded the highest warping angle. Surgeons seeking thin (<3 mm) straight grafts should opt for anteroposterior or parallel to synchondrosis planes. Thicker grafts (>3 mm) can be cut in the cephalocaudal plane with an acceptable warping angle, close to parallel with the synchondrosis plane. For curved cartilage, thin cephalocaudal cutting is recommended. In addition, the authors suggest placing the cartilage in normal saline for at least 30 minutes, allowing for maximum warping to occur.
Losartan potassium USP is an angiotensin II receptor blocker acting on the AT1 receptor subtype. Losartan potassium, a non-peptide molecule, is chemically described as 2-butyl-4-chloro-1-[p-(o-1Htetrazol-5ylphenyl)benzyl] imidazole-5-methanol monopotassium salt.

Its empirical formula is C22H22ClKN6O, and its structural formula is:

Losartan potassium USP is a white to off-white free-flowing crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 461.01. It is freely soluble in water, soluble in alcohols, and slightly soluble in common organic solvents, such as acetonitrile and methyl ethyl ketone. Oxidation of the 5-hydroxymethyl group on the imidazole ring results in the active metabolite of losartan. 

Losartan potassium is available as tablets for oral administration containing either 25 mg, 50 mg or 100 mg of losartan potassium USP and the following inactive ingredients: microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, pregelatinized starch, sodium starch glycolate, corn starch, magnesium stearate, hypromellose, polyethylene glycol, titanium dioxide, D&C yellow no. 10 aluminium lake and FD&C blue no. 2 aluminium lake.

Losartan potassium tablets, USP 25 mg, 50 mg and 100 mg contain potassium in the following amounts: 2.12 mg (0.054 mEq), 4.24 mg (0.108 mEq) and 8.48 mg (0.216 mEq), respectively.
Overdoses ranging from 100 mg to 1 g have been reported in the literature with tetrabenazine, a closely related VMAT2 inhibitor. The following adverse reactions occurred with overdosing: acute dystonia, oculogyric crisis, nausea and vomiting, sweating, sedation, hypotension, confusion, diarrhea, hallucinations, rubor, and tremor.

Treatment should consist of those general measures employed in the management of overdosage with any central nervous system-active drug. General supportive and symptomatic measures are recommended. Cardiac rhythm and vital signs should be monitored. In managing overdosage, the possibility of multiple drug involvement should always be considered. The physician should consider contacting a poison control center on the treatment of any overdose. Telephone numbers for certified poison control centers are listed on the American Association of Poison Control Centers website www.aapcc.org.
INTRODUCTION: We describe the use of anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibodies from a COPD clinic, a source other than traditional clinical trials. The objectives were to characterize the patient subgroup prescribed anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibodies and to report potential benefits.
METHODS: This is a retrospective case series study of 17 patients treated in a COPD subspecialty clinic. All patients had a diagnosis of COPD (post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC <0.7) and had been prescribed an anti-IL-5 biologic for at least 8 months. Acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPDs) were collected as reported in electronic medical records.
RESULTS: All patients (17) enrolled were treated with biologics for ≥8 months, and 13 (76%) for ≥1 year. Patients were characterized by severe disease traits, FEV1 <50% predicted, recurrent exacerbations (3.5 moderate-to-severe AECOPDs in the year before treatment), high peripheral blood eosinophil counts (≥250 cells/μL in the previous year), all on inhaled triple therapy, and only 1 patient with a diagnosis of asthma prior to smoking. There was a statistically significant decrease in the exacerbation rate compared with baseline after 8 and 12 months of anti-IL-5 treatment, respectively, yielding the equivalent of a 2-3x reduction in exacerbation rate. Absolute FEV1 decreased, and the decline in FEV1 % of predicted reached statistical significance (p<0.05); CAT score improved (p<0.05).
DISCUSSION: This real-world evidence data aligns with existing studies suggesting the potential benefit of anti-IL-5 treatment for specific patients with COPD and therefore advocates for further investigation of RCTs on the use of anti-IL-5 biologics for well-characterized patients with COPD.
This study was a randomized controlled trial. Regarding to the inclusion criteria, 110 osteoarthritis patients were included in this study based on clinical signs, physical examination and radiological signs. In the next step, a fully explanation was given to the participants around the conditions of conducting the research, and then the informed consent were collected. Subsequently, patients were randomly divided into two groups of recipients; black seed soft gel capsules (intervention) and placebo equally in accordance with demographic information. Furthermore, the two groups were randomly classified regarding to age, consequently the study population was divided into subgroups of categorized ages. Thereafter, an equal number of each subgroup was randomly selected and divided into two groups to take black seed and placebo. Therefore, the two groups were similar, but the exact membership of individuals in the groups were random. Due to the higher prevalence of osteoarthritis among women in the community, the number of female cases were higher. It should be noted that the experimenters as well as patients did not know who was receiving a particular treatment (Double-blinded study). Prior to commencing the study, participants were asked to take a regular 48-day course of anti-inflammatory therapy. The cases in the intervention group took 700 mg of black seed soft gel capsule once a day from Gorgan Essential Oil Pharmaceutical Company, and the control group were treated by placebo capsules in the same-color and shape of the drug, with a taste of rice bran. Moreover, questionnaires were filled to record demographic information of both groups including age, sex, history medication and diet. The condition of participants were evaluated twice before the treatment and 48 days after the onset of black seed. At the end of each period, joint pain scores, the range of activity, and the dryness of the joints of all patients were assessed, and their mean were measured.

Data collection tools:

Scoring the functional status of individuals' joints were evaluated by applying Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)\[2\]. The WOMAC questionnaire was published in the 1908s to assess osteoarthritis of hip and knee, which is a standard criterion for assessing the health status of patients' self-reported activity. Three criteria should be measured ranging between zero to 4 for each question, by the end of each evaluation period: reduce pain is identified based on the mean for the first 5 WOMAC questions (from no pain to severe pain), the 6th and 7th questions were specified for joint dryness (from no dryness to severe limitation),and Joint movement is determined based on the average of questions 0 to 24 (from no problem to severe limit).
RV001 Vaccine 0.1 mg/mL (RV001V). RV001V consists of the peptide RV001 and the adjuvant Montanide ISA 51.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for screening a substance inhibiting cell death and to provide a flavonoid screened by the method.  <P>SOLUTION: A model cell of dystrophia myotonica is obtained by transferring a gene prepared by connecting a CTG repeated sequence of 50-250 number of repetitions to an untranslated region of a reporter gene into a nervous system cell. The method for screening the substance inhibiting the cell death is carried out as follows. The gene obtained by connecting the CTG repeated sequence of 50-250 number of repetitions to the untranslated region of the reporter gene is transferred into the cell and the resultant cell is cultured in the presence of a test substance. A drug comprises the flavonoid screened by the method for screening.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
Pregnancy Category D

Use of drugs that act on the renin-angiotensin system during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy reduces fetal renal function and increases fetal and neonatal morbidity and death. Resulting oligohydramnios can be associated with fetal lung hypoplasia and skeletal deformations. Potential neonatal adverse effects include skull hypoplasia, anuria, hypotension, renal failure, and death. 

When pregnancy is detected, discontinue fosinopril as soon as possible. These adverse outcomes are usually associated with use of these drugs in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. Most epidemiologic studies examining fetal abnormalities after exposure to antihypertensive use in the first trimester have not distinguished drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system from other antihypertensive agents. Appropriate management of maternal hypertension during pregnancy is important to optimize outcomes for both mother and fetus.

In the unusual case that there is no appropriate alternative to therapy with drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system for a particular patient, apprise the mother of the potential risk to the fetus. Perform serial ultrasound examinations to assess the intra-amniotic environment. If oligohydramnios is observed, discontinue fosinopril, unless it is considered lifesaving for the mother. Fetal testing may be appropriate, based on the week of pregnancy. Patients and physicians should be aware, however, that oligohydramnios may not appear until after the fetus has sustained irreversible injury. Closely observe infants with histories of in utero exposure to fosinopril for hypotension, oliguria, and hyperkalemia.[see Precautions, Pediatric Use].

No teratogenic effects of fosinopril were seen in studies of pregnant rats and rabbits. On a mg/kg basis, the doses used were up to 180 times (in rats) and one time (in rabbits) the maximum recommended human dose.

When fosinopril was given to pregnant rats at doses about 80 to 250 times (on a mg/kg basis) the maximum recommended human dose, three similar orofacial malformations and one fetus with situs inversus were observed among the offspring.
New systems, devices, methods and other techniques for Digital Health and Digital Therapeutics are provided. In some embodiments, new techniques are provided for creating and managing personal health-related data and generating Digital Therapeutics interventions based thereon, using a new, specialized computer hardware and software control system. In some embodiments, new graphical user interfaces (“GUIs”) are provided for generating, storing and managing personal health-related data and Digital Health and Digital Therapeutics based thereon. In some embodiments, health-related data is normalized based on translation vectors. In some embodiments, standardized significance codes are defined and implemented, based on the usage of terms by user(s) of the control system. Subsequent entry of such terms during data entry by a user then causes the control system to enter data at least partially defined by such significance codes.
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections in women. We hypothesized that over half of those treated empirically would receive inappropriate antibiotics, those treated expectantly would have lower symptom improvement without antibiotics, and that overall progression to sequelae would be uncommon.
METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study of women with UTI symptoms, we quantified the proportion who received inappropriate antibiotics in those treated empirically, defined as those with a negative urine culture or antibiotics that were changed according to culture sensitivities, and identified factors associated with symptom improvement during expectant management. Secondarily, we sought to determine the proportion of UTI sequelae in both groups. During the study time frame, a modified UTI Symptom Assessment (UTISA) questionnaire was administered at baseline and again, with a global rating for change instrument, when urine culture results were relayed.
RESULTS: Analyses included 152 women, mean age 66.5 (SD 15.0) years, 30 (20%) received empiric antibiotics, and 122 (80%) expectant management. At baseline, the empiric group reported greater mean scores for dysuria (p < 0.01), urgency (p < 0.01), frequency (p < 0.01), and incomplete emptying (p < 0.01). Positive culture results were reported for 16 (53%) in the empiric group and 72 (59%) in the expectant group. Inappropriate antibiotics were prescribed to 18 (60%) of the empiric group. A negative urine culture was associated with improvement in symptoms in the expectant group. No subjects experienced UTI sequelae within 30 days of initial evaluation.
CONCLUSION: In our cohort of older women with UTI symptoms, deferring antibiotics until urine culture  resulted appeared to be safe and decreased the use of inappropriate antibiotics.
Right ventricular (RV) function is increasingly recognized to play an important role in the clinical status and long-term outcome in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) as well as ischemic cardiomyopathy with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. However, quantitation of RV characteristics and function, in particular for regional RV characteristics and function, are still challenging due to its complex morphology and its thin wall with coarse trabeculations. The remarkable improvement in survival of CHD patients has led to a continuously growing number of grown-up CHD. In addition, some defects (e.g., Ebstein's anomaly) may be diagnosed for the first time in adult. Majority of these CHD patients face a lifetime of problems including RV dilation, ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Therefore, accurate depictions of the RV remodeling process facilitate disease would aid in surveillance and monitoring of therapeutic efficacy.

CHD patients, even after corrective surgery, need lifetime surveillance and yearly clinical evaluation. Currently, clinical evaluation includes ECG and pulse oximetries alongside clinical examination. Investigation of anatomy and physiology of RV are changing from invasive studies (right heart catheterization) to noninvasive imaging techniques including: echocardiography, nuclear scintigraphy, computed tomography, and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. In short, echocardiography is largely operator dependent and suffers from poor inter-study reproducibility. The complex geometry of the RV makes it difficult to accurately quantify its remodeling before and after intervention. Nuclear scintigraphy and computed tomography are constrained by the need for ionizing radiation as well as the poor temporal resolution of the technique. CMR has been considered the golden reference technique for RV volume and ejection fraction.

From current state-of-the-art in CMR, generation of RV volume and ejection fraction, global measures of RV remodeling, requires extensive manual contouring. Most important, there is lacking of regional RV remodeling measures.
Objective: Visual acuity (VA) testing is crucial for early intervention in cases of visual impairment, especially in rural health care. This study aimed to determine the potential of a web-based VA test (PocDoc) in addressing the unique health care needs of rural areas through the comparison in its effectiveness against the conventional VA test in identifying visual impairment among an Indian rural population. Methods: Prospective comparative study conducted in December 2022 at a tertiary referral eye care center in central India. We evaluated all patients with the PocDoc VA tests using three device types, and the conventional VA test. Bland-Altman plot (BAP) compared PocDoc and conventional VA tests. Fisher's exact tests evaluated associations between categorical parameters. Kruskal-Wallis tests followed by post hoc Dunn's tests identified association between categorical parameters and numerical parameters. Results: We evaluated 428 patients (792 measurements of VA) with mean age 36.7 (±23.3) years. PocDoc resulted in slightly worse VA scores (mean logMAR: 0.345) than conventional (mean logMAR: 0.315). Correlation coefficient between the conventional and PocDoc logMAR VA values was rho = 0.845 and rho2 = 0.7133 (p = 6.617 × 10-215; adjusted p = 2.205 × 10-214). Most data points fell within the interchangeable range of ±0.32 on BAP. Difference between the two methods increased with higher logMAR values, indicating poorer agreement for worse VA scores. Conclusions: Identifying and addressing the unique health care needs of rural populations is critical, including access to appropriate and effective VA testing methods. Validating and improving VA testing methods can ensure early intervention and improve the quality of life for individuals with visual impairment.
Rabbit Antithymocyte Globulin (RATG) + Bortezomib -Subjects will be given 1.5mg/kg/day of RATG over 6 hrs with 1st dose (D1) and over 4 hours for each dose thereafter. (day 1 then when CD3 levels \> 25 cells/mm3). Patients will be premedicated with an antihistamine and acetaminophen prior to dosing per institution standard of care. Bortezomib will be given at a dose of 1.3 mg/m2 via IV push over 3-5 seconds on days 2, 5, 9, and 12. Methylprednisolone will be administered prior to each bortezomib dose. On days 2 and 5, administer methylprednisolone 100 mg intravenous push (IVP). On days 9 and 12, administer methylprednisolone 50 mg intravenous push (IVP). If thymoglobulin is administered the same day as bortezomib, the order of administration is- methylprednisolone, then bortezomib, then thymoglobulin.
BACKGROUND: Although minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy (MIDP) is considered a standard approach it still presents a non-negligible rate of conversion to open that is mainly related to some difficulty factors, as obesity. The aim of this study is to analyze the preoperative factors associated with conversion in obese patients with MIDP.
METHODS: In this multicenter study, all obese patients who underwent MIDP at 18 international expert centers were included. The preoperative factors associated with conversion to open surgery were analyzed.
RESULTS: Out of 436 patients, 91 (20.9%) underwent conversion to open, presenting higher blood loss, longer operative time and similar rate of major complications. Twenty (22%) patients received emergent conversion. At univariate analysis, the type of approach, radiological invasion of adjacent organs, preoperative enlarged lymphnodes and ASA ≥ III were significantly associated with conversion to open. At multivariate analysis, robotic approach showed a significantly lower conversion rate (14.6 % vs 27.3%, OR = 2.380, p = 0.001). ASA ≥ III (OR = 2.391, p = 0.002) and preoperative enlarged lymphnodes (OR = 3.836, p = 0.003) were also independently associated with conversion.
CONCLUSION: Conversion rate is significantly lower in patients undergoing robotic approach. Radiological enlarged lymphnodes and ASA ≥ III are also associated with conversion to open. Conversion is associated with poorer perioperative outcomes, especially in case of intraoperative hemorrhage.
An adjuvant composition comprising liposomes comprising a synthetic or natural Monophosphoryl Lipid A (MPLA) in the range of 70 to 100 µg/ml, a sterol in the range of 1.23 to 1.95 mg/ml, a phosphatidylcholine (PC) in the range of 2.81 to 4.69 mg/ml, a phosphatidylglycerol (PG) in the range of 0.36 to 0.60 mg/ml, a disaccharide at weight per unit volume in the range of 7% to 12% w/v, and a saponin in the range of 30 to 50 µg/ml is provided. The MPLA is preferably a synthetic derivative, the phosphatidylcholine is preferably dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine, the phosphatidylglycerol is preferably dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol, the disaccharide is preferably sucrose and the saponin is preferably QS21. An immunogenic composition comprising the adjuvant and one or more antigens is provided. The antigen is preferably a flavivirus antigen selected from a Zika antigen and a dengue antigen. A method of manufacturing an immunogenic composition is provided. The immunogenic composition is preferably lyophilised and may be reconstituted prior to use in sterile water. The dried immunogenic composition is preferably stable on storage for at least one month at 40 °C.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: There is a common perception among the public that yo-yo dieting, defined as repeated cycles of weight loss followed by weight regain, results in accumulation of fat in the body and lower metabolic rate, thus hindering subsequent attempts to lose weight. We evaluated the effects of weight-cycling on body weight and body mass index (BMI), body composition including fat mass (FM) and lean body mass (LBM), and resting metabolic rate (RMR), by systematically reviewing existing scientific literature.
RECENT FINDINGS: Twenty-three cross-sectional and cohort studies (including subjects with a history of weight-cycling compared to those without such history) and interventional studies (evaluating physiological effects during one or more cycles of weight loss and regain) were identified, conducted in generally healthy adults across various age groups, races, and both genders, who had normal weight, overweight, or obesity. Eighteen studies investigated the association between weight-cycling and body weight or BMI, and thirteen of them found no significant association. Fifteen out of twenty studies also found no increase in FM, and none of eighteen studies found a decrease in LBM. Twelve out of fourteen studies reported no adverse changes in RMR either. The overwhelming majority of evidence suggests that weight-cycling (yo-yo effect) is not associated with any adverse effects in body weight, body composition, and metabolic rate. Accordingly, healthy individuals who struggle with overweight or obesity should not be discouraged from repeated attempts to lose the excess weight.
Patients with LSS will receive DME and training to support continuous maintenance of flexion posture during the 6 week trial. All participants will be asked to wear actigraphs and pedometers intermittently and to complete questionnaires and mobility assessments.
Accurate biometry is an essential and indispensable tool in preoperative cataract surgery setting to yield optimal postoperative refractive outcome. 31 Patients suffering from DED caused by MGD will be selected and allocated randomly to therapy. Patients with pre-existing DED therapy other than lubricants will be excluded. After completing prestudy-screening and baseline visit, Lipiflow® therapy is applied to the study eye. Follow-up visits will be scheduled two weeks and three months after baseline visit. Each visit includes dry eye investigations and IOL calculation by IOLmaster 700 and CSO MS-39. After each study visit an IOL will be theoretically selected.