anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Pasteurella multocida is an important zoonotic respiratory pathogen capable of infecting a diverse range of hosts, including humans, farm animals, and wild animals. However, the precise mechanisms by which P. multocida compromises the pulmonary integrity of mammals and subsequently induces systemic infection remain largely unexplored. In this study, based on mouse and rabbit models, we found that P. multocida causes not only lung damage but also bacteremia due to the loss of lung integrity. Furthermore, we demonstrated that bacteremia is an important aspect of P. multocida pathogenesis, as evidenced by the observed multiorgan damage and systemic inflammation, and ultimately found that this systemic infection leads to a cytokine storm that can be mitigated by IL-6-neutralizing antibodies. As a result, we divided the pathogenesis of P. multocida into two phases: the pulmonary infection phase and the systemic infection phase. Based on unbiased RNA-seq data, we discovered that P. multocida-induced apoptosis leads to the loss of pulmonary epithelial integrity. These findings have been validated in both TC-1 murine lung epithelial cells and the lungs of model mice. Conversely, the administration of Ac-DEVD-CHO, an apoptosis inhibitor, effectively restored pulmonary epithelial integrity, significantly mitigated lung damage, inhibited bacteremia, attenuated the cytokine storm, and reduced mortality in mouse models. At the molecular level, we demonstrated that the FAK-AKT-FOXO1 axis is involved in P. multocida-induced lung epithelial cell apoptosis in both cells and animals. Thus, our research provides crucial information with regard to the pathogenesis of P. multocida as well as potential treatment options for this and other respiratory bacterial diseases.
BACKGROUND: Poor subjective sleep quality, depressive symptoms and fatigue occur frequently in postpartum. However, the dynamics of their respective associations from prepartum throughout the maternity period in function of baby feeding method have not been fully elucidated.
METHODS: Prospective, longitudinal study using validated questionnaires probing for sleep quality, insomnia, fatigue and depressive symptoms at 35-37 weeks of gestation and at 2, 8 and 12 weeks postpartum in the obstetric departments of two Flemish hospitals. Somers'd ordinal correlation was used for correlations between the results of questionnaires (ratio variables) and the feeding method variable (an ordinal variable); T tests (normal data) or Mann Whitney (non normal data) tests for equality of means; ordinal regression ('Proportional odds model') to investigate the predictive value of parameters at one moment on the feeding method choice at a later moment; logistic regression to investigate the predictive value of parameters on later change of feeding method.
RESULTS: 188 women indicating a choice for either bottle or breastfeeding in prepartum (27-35 weeks' gestation) were included. Higher fatigue assessed through the Fatigue Severity Scale within late pregnancy was moderately associated with primary bottle feeding choice. Fatigue decreased at early and late postpartum in bottle feeding (-0.38 ± 1.04; p = .110 and - 0.31 ± 1.01; p = .642 respectively), but remained unchanged from late pregnancy through early and late postpartum in breastfeeding (0.04 ± 1.21; p = .110 and - 0.27 ± 0.96; p = .642 respectively), resulting in similar fatigue in both feeding methods in early through late postpartum. There were no differences in sleep quality or insomnia symptoms at all time points. Presence of postpartum depressive symptoms were associated with early switching to bottle feeding (Somers' d correlation 0.11 (p = .021).
CONCLUSIONS: Fatigue and depressive symptoms are inversely associated with breastfeeding initiation or maintenance and influence feeding method dynamics.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Recently, podocyte mitochondrial dysfunction and necroptosis have been shown to play critical roles in renal fibrosis (RF) in diabetic kidney disease (DKD); however, these conditions lack effective treatment. In China, the supplemented Gegen Qinlian Decoction Formula (SGQDF), which originates from the classical prescription Gegen Qinlian Decoction, has been widely used to treat patients with DKD. However, it remains unclear whether SGQDF alleviates podocyte injury-associated RF in patients with DKD.
AIM OF STUDY: This study aimed to clarify the therapeutic effects of SGQDF compared with those of empagliflozin (EMPA) on podocyte mitochondrial fission and RF in DKD and its necroptosis-related mechanisms.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Modified DKD rat models were developed through a combination of uninephrectomy, streptozotocin administration through intraperitoneal injection, and exposure to a high-fat diet. Following RF formation, the DKD rat models received either a high dose of SGQDF (H-SGQDF), a low dose of SGQDF (L-SGQDF), EMPA, or vehicle for 4 weeks. In our in vitro study, we subjected cultured murine podocytes to a high-glucose environment and various treatments including Mdivi-1, adalimumab, and necrostatin-1, with or without H-SGQDF or EMPA. SGQDF target prediction and molecular docking verification were performed. For the in vivo study, we focused on examining changes in the parameters associated with renal injury, RF, and oxidative stress (OS)-induced injuries in podocytes. Both in vivo and in vitro studies included an analysis of changes in podocyte mitochondrial fission, TNF-α-induced podocyte necroptosis, and the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling pathway activation.
RESULTS: SGQDF improved renal injury markers, including body weight, blood glucose, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and urinary albumin, in a dose-dependent manner. The beneficial effects of H-SGQDF in vivo were greater than those of L-SGQDF alone in vivo. Interestingly, similar to EMPA, H-SGQDF ameliorated RF and reduced OS-induced podocyte injury in diabetic kidneys. Furthermore, TNF-α signaling was shown to be important in the network construction of "the SGQDF-component-target." Based on this, we also showed that the beneficial effects in vivo and in vitro of H-SGQDF were closely related to the improvement in mitochondrial dysfunction and the inhibition of TNF-α-induced necroptosis in podocytes.
CONCLUSION: In the present study, we showed that H-SGQDF, similar to EMPA, attenuates podocyte mitochondrial fission and RF, and that the underlying therapeutic mechanisms are closely related to inhibiting the activation of the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling axis in diabetic kidneys. Our findings provide new pharmacological evidence for the application of H-SGQDF in the RF treatment of DKD.
Participants will attend the baseline visit to do baseline measurements but will not receive any materials related to the Active Play at Home curriculum and will also not be contacted by phone during the control 24 weeks. After they serve as control group, they will be provided with the opportunity to receive the intervention.
The invention relates to a compound washing liquor for treating erysipelas extracted from pure plants and a preparation method thereof. The washing liquor is characterized in that Chinese medicinal herb components with reasonable compatibility are selected. The washing liquor is prepared from the following effective components: phellodendron bark, figwort, angelica, red paeonia, radix achyranthis bidentatae, cape jasmine fruit, Fructus Forsythiae, rhizoma atractylodis and gromwell. The effective components are strictly screened and proportioned through the experiments and prepared into the washing liquor by a special technique. The washing liquor is convenient to prepare and use. The washing liquor is suitable for erysipelas patients with dermal and subcutaneous tissue superficial part lymphangitis and lymphatic peripheral acute inflammation caused by hemolytic streptococcus. The product is extracted from pure Chinese medicinal herb essences, is free of any chemical component, does not have toxic or side effect on the human body, and has the effects of removing pathogenic heat from blood, dispelling fire and removing toxicity.
At the time of this study, RAPN did not have a specific coding. The investigators had contacted the hospitals with Vinci robotic surgical procedures in 2013 and the investigators included here PN from hospitalisations from the 25 centres using exclusively RAPN for more than five years. Thus, in this study, RAPN was performed by experts in robotic surgery.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hair cosmetic which can furthermore reduce an irritating odor and improve the brightness of hair, and to provide a hair cosmetic which can improve the brightness of the hair.  <P>SOLUTION: This hair cosmetic as the first agent for bleaching is characterized by comprising the following components (A) to (F), or the following components (A) to (E) and (G). The component (A) is at least one compound selected from branched fatty acids, branched fatty acid salts, and the esters of the branched fatty acids with higher alcohols. The component (B) is at least one compound selected from branched hydrocarbons and 14 to 30 C higher alcohols. The component (C) is an ether type nonionic surfactant having a 16 to 25C alkyl or 16 to 25C alkenyl group. The component (D) is a cationic surfactant. The component (E) is water. The component (F) is a volatile alkali agent. The component (G) is a non-volatile alkali agent.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
The safety and efficacy of SOMA for the relief of acute, idiopathic mechanical low back pain was evaluated in two, 7-day, double blind, randomized, multicenter, placebo controlled, U.S. trials (Studies 1 and 2). Patients had to be 18 to 65 years old and had to have acute back pain (≤ 3 days of duration) to be included in the trials. Patients with chronic back pain; at increased risk for vertebral fracture (e.g., history of osteoporosis); with a history of spinal pathology (e.g., herniated nucleus pulposis, spondylolisthesis or spinal stenosis); with inflammatory back pain, or with evidence of a neurologic deficit were excluded from participation. Concomitant use of analgesics (e.g., acetaminophen, NSAIDs, tramadol, opioid agonists), other muscle relaxants, botulinum toxin, sedatives (e.g., barbiturates, benzodiazepines, promethazine hydrochloride), and anti-epileptic drugs was prohibited. 

In Study 1, patients were randomized to one of three treatment groups (i.e., SOMA 250 mg, SOMA 350 mg, or placebo) and in Study 2 patients were randomized to two treatment groups (i.e., SOMA 250 mg or placebo). In both studies, patients received study medication three times a day and at bedtime for seven days.

The primary endpoints were the relief from starting backache and the global impression of change, as reported by patients, on Study Day 3. Both endpoints were scored on a 5-point rating scale from 0 (worst outcome) to 4 (best outcome) in both studies. The primary statistical comparison was between the SOMA 250 mg and placebo groups in both studies. 

The proportion of patients who used concomitant acetaminophen, NSAIDs, tramadol, opioid agonists, other muscle relaxants, and benzodiazepines was similar in the treatment groups. 

The results for the primary efficacy evaluations in the acute, low back pain studies are presented in Table 3.

Patients treated with SOMA experienced improvement in function as measured by the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) score on Days 3 and 7.
Adolescents who are displaced and living in shelters or in the streets constitute an extremely vulnerable population for acquisition of HIV infection worldwide. In the U.S., homeless youth, particularly African American Gay, Bisexual, and Transgendered Youth (GBTY), are very susceptible to substance abuse, juvenile justice contact, and acquisition of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STI). The displaced adolescent population is not generally amenable to routine clinic follow-up in hospital settings and potentially more easily identified through mobile outreach efforts. HIV prevalence in this group can be as high as 5.3%. While HIV incidence is unknown, high rates of concurrent exposures to other STIs, substance abuse, and survival sex suggest acute infection is likely high. Pediatric studies of HIV perinatally infected infants treated very early with potent antiretroviral therapy as well as studies of adult cohorts treated during acute infection, have shown that very early treatment of HIV is associated with control and decrease in viral reservoir burden, which is likely predictive of long term HIV control. Although early treatment has not yet been demonstrated to induce a functional cure, it has been associated with an extended period of complete viral quiescence, also known as HIV drug free remission. No studies of this kind have enrolled significant numbers of adolescents. Some studies suggest HIV reservoirs from adolescents who were recently HIV infected may be more pliable and responsive to early combined antiretroviral treatment (cART) than that of adults. Prolonged control of HIV through cART initiated following established HIV infection does not appear to impact viral reservoir size. HIV remission is not attainable in this scenario following treatment interruption, even after many years of undetectable plasma virus levels while on cART. We hypothesize that very early antiretroviral treatment of adolescents with acute HIV infection will be associated with decreased viral reservoir size, and viral reservoir size will be significantly different between adolescents with acute, recent or established HIV infection. To evaluate our hypothesis, we propose to capitalize on a current community-based strategy to initiate very prompt antiretroviral treatment many times the very day of diagnosis of HIV infection. Patients with newly diagnosed HIV infection will be offered antiretroviral treatment immediately or within a very short time by our collaborating clinical sites, and through the present study will be monitored periodically for assessment of virus load and HIV reservoir assays.
Assessing cough effectiveness, using Cough Peak Flow, is crucial for patients with Neuromuscular Diseases, such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Impaired cough function can contribute to respiratory decline and failure. The goal of the study is to determine the correlation between diaphragmatic excursion and cough expiratory phase, potentially utilizing ultrasonographic indices to estimate Cough Peak Flow in these patients. Twenty-two patients were enrolled in this study. The upward displacement of the diaphragm was measured with ultrasonography during voluntary cough expiration and Cough Peak Flow was simultaneously measured. A multivariable linear regression model was built to quantify the association between Cough Peak Flow and diaphragm expiratory excursion. There is significative relationship between Cough Peak Flow and diaphragm excursion with a Pearson's r coefficient of 0.86 observed in the patients group. Multiple linear regression analysis for Cough Peak Flow (Adjusted R2 = 0.86) revealed significant associations between Cough Peak Flow and expiratory excursion (adjusted β-coefficient: 64.78, 95 %, CI: 51.50-78.07, p<0.001) and sex (adjusted β-coefficient: -69.06; 95 % CI: -109.98 to -28.15, p=0.001). Our results predict the cough effectiveness by using M-mode diaphragmatic sonography with a potentially significant impact on therapeutic choices.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a compound stabilizing an essential β-sheet structure of a natural or synthetic peptide, a protein or a molecule.  <P>SOLUTION: The β-sheet mimetic and a method for giving or stabilizing the β-sheet structure of the peptide, protein and or the molecule are provided. In an aspect, the β-sheet mimetic is covalently bonded at the end of or in the peptide or the protein. The β-sheet mimetic has usefulness as a protease inhibitor generally having activity as a serine protease inhibitor (e.g. thrombin, elastase and the X factor).  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
The primary objective of this study is to determine the single-dose pharmacokinetic profile of fenofibric acid (105 mg tablets) and the effect of food of various calorie/fat compositions on the rate and extent of absorption. Forty healthy, non-smoking, non-obese, non-pregnant adult volunteers between the ages of 18 and 45 years old will receive a single oral dose of fenofibric acid in one of four randomly assigned sequences of meal conditions each separated by a 7 day washout period. On study Days 1, 8, 15 and 22 each subject will receive a single oral dose (1 x 105 mg tablet) of fenofibric acid following an overnight fast of at least 10 hours or with a low-fat meal, standard meal, or high-fat/high-calorie meal according to their randomization sequence. Subjects will fast for at least 4.25 hours after dosing in each of the four dosing conditions. Blood samples will be drawn from all participants before dosing and for 72 hours post-dose at times sufficient to adequately define the pharmacokinetics of fenofibric acid. A further goal of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of this regimen in healthy volunteers. Seated blood pressure and heart rate will be measured prior to dosing and at 2 hours post-dose. Subjects will be monitored throughout the confinement portion of the study for adverse reactions to the study drug and/or procedures. All adverse events whether elicited by query, spontaneously reported, or observed by clinic staff will be evaluated by the Investigator and reported in the subject's case report form.
Adult inpatients and outpatients with a diagnosis of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia were evaluated in 2 pivotal clinical studies. In the first study, 590 patients were enrolled in a prospective, multi-center, unblinded randomized trial comparing LEVAQUIN® 500 mg once daily orally or intravenously for 7 to 14 days to ceftriaxone 1 to 2 grams intravenously once or in equally divided doses twice daily followed by cefuroxime axetil 500 mg orally twice daily for a total of 7 to 14 days. Patients assigned to treatment with the control regimen were allowed to receive erythromycin (or doxycycline if intolerant of erythromycin) if an infection due to atypical pathogens was suspected or proven. Clinical and microbiologic evaluations were performed during treatment, 5 to 7 days posttherapy, and 3 to 4 weeks posttherapy. Clinical success (cure plus improvement) with LEVAQUIN® at 5 to 7 days posttherapy, the primary efficacy variable in this study, was superior (95%) to the control group (83%). The 95% CI for the difference of response rates (LEVAQUIN® minus comparator) was [-6, 19]. In the second study, 264 patients were enrolled in a prospective, multi-center, non-comparative trial of 500 mg LEVAQUIN® administered orally or intravenously once daily for 7 to 14 days. Clinical success for clinically evaluable patients was 93%. For both studies, the clinical success rate in patients with atypical pneumonia due to Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophila were 96%, 96%, and 70%, respectively. Microbiologic eradication rates across both studies are presented in Table 14.

Community-Acquired Pneumonia Due to Multi-Drug Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae

LEVAQUIN® was effective for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia caused by multi-drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (MDRSP). MDRSP isolates are strains resistant to two or more of the following antibacterials: penicillin (MIC ≥2 mcg/mL), 2nd generation cephalosporins (e.g., cefuroxime, macrolides, tetracyclines and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole). Of 40 microbiologically evaluable patients with MDRSP isolates, 38 patients (95.0%) achieved clinical and bacteriologic success at post-therapy. The clinical and bacterial success rates are shown in Table 15.

Not all isolates were resistant to all antimicrobial classes tested. Success and eradication rates are summarized in Table 16.
The invention relates to novel 6-Cycloalkyl-pyrazolopyrimidinones according to formula (I). wherein R1 is a 5 or 6 membered aromatic heteroaryl-group, R2 is an optional substituent, D is optionally substituted cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl or 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl, m= 1 or 2 and n is 0, 1 or 2. The new compounds are for use as the active entity of medicaments or for the manufacture of medicaments respectively, in particular medicaments for the treatment of conditions concerning deficits in perception, concentration, learning or memory. Such conditions may for example be associated with Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and other diseases. The new compounds are also for example for the manufacture of medicaments and/or for use in the treatment of these diseases, in particular for cognitive impairment associated with such disease. The compounds of the invention show PDE9 inhibiting properties.
OBJECTIVE: To predict post-thyroidectomy complications in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) patients using a deep learning model based on preoperative ultrasonographic features. This study addresses the global rise in PTMC incidence and the challenges in treatment decision-making with high-resolution ultrasonography.
METHOD: This study enrolled 1638 patients with clinically staged cN0 PTMC who received surgical treatment from 1997 to 2019 at Beijing Friendship Hospital. Deep learning model was developed using fully connected neural network. Feature selection included 1000 iterations of Bootstrap sampling and Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) to identify the top 10 features. Data preprocessing involved normalization and imputation for missing values. SMOTE addressed class imbalance. The model was trained and tested on random data split, with performance metrics including Accuracy (ACC), Area Under the Curve (AUC), Sensitivity (SEN), and Specificity (SPE), visualized through a ROC curve and confusion matrix.
RESULTS: The fully connected deep neural network model demonstrated high accuracy (ACC 0.81), Area Under the Curve (AUC 0.74), sensitivity (SEN 0.65), and specificity (SPE 0.83) and visualized by ROC curve and confusion matrix. These results highlight the model's reliability and potential as an effective tool in predicting postoperative complications and assisting in clinical decision-making for PTMC patients.
CONCLUSION: This study highlights the potential of deep learning in enhancing medical predictions and personalized healthcare. Despite promising results, limitations include a single-center data source and unconsidered factors like lifestyle and genetics. Future research should expand data sources, include more influencing factors, and refine algorithms to improve accuracy and applicability in thyroid cancer treatment.
A stable product containing finely a dispersed carotenoid for use in supplementing aqueous systems, such as foods, beverages, and personal care products, with the carotenoid. An emulsifier is dissolved in water and an anti-foam agent and a source of the carotenoid are added to the solution. The concentrated product may be added to the aqueous systems or dried to form a powder that is readily dispersible in aqueous systems. The product may also include an antioxidant to preserve the activity of the carotenoid. Emulsifiers particularly suited for use include sucrose fatty acid esters. The product is produced without the use of organic solvents or elevated temperatures.