anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The introduction of antiretroviral therapy has markedly improved the management of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). However, HAND still affects nearly half of HIV-infected individuals, presenting significant challenges to their well-being. This highlights the critical need for a deeper understanding of HAND mechanisms. Among HIV viral proteins, Nef is notable for its multifaceted role in HIV pathogenesis, though its specific involvement in HAND remains unclear. To investigate this, we used a murine model infected with Nef-expressing (EcoHIV) and Nef-deficient (EcoHIVΔNef) murine HIV. Comparative analyses revealed increased neuroinflammation and reduced myelin and neuronal integrity in EcoHIV-infected brains compared with those with EcoHIVΔNef. Both viruses induced astrogliosis, with stronger GFAP activation in Nef-deficient infections. These findings suggest that Nef contributes to neuroinflammation, primarily through microglial targeting and demyelination, although other factors may regulate astrogliosis. Our results indicate that Nef may significantly contribute to neuronal injury in EcoHIV-infected mice, offering insights into Nef-induced neuropathology in HAND and guiding future research.
Systems and methods for personalizing an AI (artificial intelligence) system for medical imaging analysis are provided. One or more input medical images are received. A medical imaging analysis task is performed on the one or more input medical images using a trained AI system. Feedback on results of the medical imaging analysis task is received from a user. The trained AI system is retrained based on the feedback to generate a user-specific AI system for the user. The user-specific AI system is validated. The validated user-specific AI system is output.
This is first-in-human (FIH) Phase 1, dose escalation study of JNJ-74856665 alone or in combination with Azacitidine or Venetoclax in participants with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) or Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS). Participants with Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML) are also eligible and will either receive JNJ-74856665 as monotherapy or in combination with Azacitidine. AML is a heterogeneous disease characterized by uncontrolled clonal expansion of hematopoietic progenitor cells (myeloid blasts) in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and other tissues and is the second most common form of leukemia. MDS are a heterogeneous group of malignant hematopoietic stem cell disorders that are characterized by cytopenias, myeloid dysplasia, and a risk of transformation to AML. JNJ-74856665 is an orally bioavailable, potent, and selective dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor that binds to the enzyme's ubiquinone binding site promoting AML/MDS differentiation as well as cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Azacitidine (5-azacytidine) is a nucleoside metabolic inhibitor that has been US Food and Drug Administration-approved for several MDS subtypes. Venetoclax (VEN) is a BCL-2 inhibitor that can restore activation of apoptosis in malignant cells, the survival of which often depends on dysregulation of this pathway. The study is divided into 3 periods: a Screening Phase (within 28 days before the first dose of study drug), a Treatment Phase (first dose of study drug until the completion of the end-of-treatment visit) and a Post-treatment Follow-up Phase (up to the end of study participation or end of study). The end of study is defined as the last study assessment for the last participant in the study. Total duration of study is up to 2 years and 10 months. Efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and biomarkers will be assessed at specified time points during this study. Participants safety and study conduct will be monitored throughout the study.
Patient hospitalized in Grenoble University Hospital for CoViD19. Patient followed in Grenoble University Hospital for a chronic disease.
PURPOSE: To provide freeze dried matter which is increased in solubility and allows the prepn. of a parenteral soln. for sterility treatment and gonad protection. CONSTITUTION: The peptide freeze dried matter obtd. by dissolving 1 pt.wt. peptide having 3 to 15 pieces of amino acids into 100 to 10000 pts.wt. acetic acid, in some cases, adding a skeletal material, such as mannitol, thereto and freeze drying the resulted soln. and the medicine contg. this peptide freeze dried matter.
Post-traumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle (PTOA) is frequently observed following a debilitating consequence of intra-articular ankle fractures. Numerous risk factors contribute to the pathogenesis of PTOA, including articular incongruity, joint malalignment, and concomitant soft tissue damage. Despite attempts to restore joint anatomy and manage soft tissues to avoid long-term complications after intra-articular ankle fractures, the incidence of PTOA remains markedly elevated. Inflammatory processes triggered by intra-articular ankle fractures have emerged as potential instigators that expedite the progression of PTOA. Injury to the articular cartilage and subchondral bone may lead to the release of inflammatory mediators, which can contribute to cartilage degradation and bone resorption. This study provides a narrative review on the current knowledge concerning the association between inflammation and the development of PTOA following intra-articular ankle fractures. We also discuss novel therapeutic agents that target inflammatory pathways to impede the progression of post-traumatic osteoarthritis after intra-articular ankle fractures. These medication and interventions were summarized within this review article.
The present invention is a medical composition for treating a variety of human diseases and conditions. It comprises an effective amount of Olive Leaf extract, Yarrow extract and Rosemary extract as active components. Its inactive components include Yucca extract and Cassia Oil. Other inactive components for the purpose of efficient delivery are hereafter identified as "Limonene Concentration Formulation", comprising d-Limonene (C10H16), Glycol EB (2-Butoxyethanol), Calimulse PRS (Benzenesulfonic acid, C10-16-alkyl derivatives, compounds with 2-propanamine), Calsoft L-60 (Benzenesulfonic acid, C10-16-alkyl derivatives, sodium salts, Sodium xylene sulfonate, sodium sulfate), Isopar M Solvent (Light Hydro treated Petroleum Distillates), and Water. This composition can easily enter the circulatory system and quickly reach target tissue and/or organs. Hence it will promote the process of restoring and healing the patient by boosting his or her immune system.
Short-term (1-year) results of renal transplantation are now excellent (over 95%). Long-term (10-year and longer) results are, however, still disappointing. Where most research has focused on immunosuppression and infections, the investigators hypothesize that in renal transplant recipient, amongst others overweight, obesity, chronic use of immunosuppressive drugs and impaired renal function contribute to insulin resistance and chronic low-grade inflammation, which pose the renal transplant recipients at increased risk for cardiovascular disease, decline of function of the transplanted kidney and other complications, including post-transplant diabetes. To investigate this hypothesis we have detailedly phenotyped 606 renal transplant recipients who at the time of inclusion all were one year or more after transplantation, therewith providing a representation of stable outpatient renal trannsplant recipients late after renal transplantation. At the time of these baseline measurements, we also created a biobank with plasma, serum and aliquots of 24h urine collections. Beyond baseline, we have a regular update on adverse events, including all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, graft failure and development of new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT).
There are individual differences in how well people are able to recognize interoceptive sensations. Research supports a role for impaired interoception in the etiology of eating disorders (EDs), with the idea being that individuals who are out of touch with hunger and/or satiety are more vulnerable to restrictive and binge eating behaviors, respectively. Researchers have connected interoceptive impairment to self-injurious behaviors more broadly, including both direct (i.e., non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts) and indirect (i.e., ED behaviors) forms. The investigators have found support for the supposition that impaired interoception-or bodily disconnect-allows people to inflict pain (whether that be through ED behaviors or self-injury) upon themselves, as it is much easier to harm something one is unattached to versus something one cares for. Thus, improving interoception (e.g., helping people connect better with their bodies) may improve ED outcomes. This project seeks to test an accessible, online intervention designed to improve interoception and thereby reduce ED symptoms.
NadA, App and ORF40 function as adhesins in  N. meningitidis . Adhesion can be modulated by targeting these three proteins. NadA allelic variants are disclosed. Autoproteolytic cleavage of App is disclosed, as is removal of the activity by mutagenesis. App is processed and secreted into culture medium when expressed in  E. coli . Mature App proteins are disclosed. Knockout mutants are disclosed. Vesicles from non-Neisserial hosts with heterologous adhesin expression are disclosed.
To provide a carbonated aerosol topical skin application that, even when applied to a thickened stratum corneum, such as xerosis, enables sufficient penetration of carbon dioxide gas into the stratum corneum.SOLUTION: Provided is a carbonated aerosol topical skin application consisting of an aerosol stock solution comprising the following components (A) to (C) and a propellant comprising component (D). Also provided is a carbon dioxide gas percutaneous permeation accelerator comprising the components (A) and (C). Further provided is a method for improving the percutaneous permeability of carbon dioxide gas in a composition comprising carbon dioxide gas by coexisting components (A) and (B) together with the carbon dioxide gas. (A) A stratum corneum water retention agent. (B) A water-soluble polymer (excluding one corresponding to component (A)). (C) Water. (D) Carbon dioxide gas.SELECTED DRAWING: None
SIGNIFICANCE: A majority of visually impaired older adults were able to learn to proficiently use visual-assistive iPhone applications (apps) following a median 1 hour and/or multiple training sessions, which should be considered when planning vision rehabilitation service delivery, including the option for remote telerehabilitation for those who prefer that modality.
PURPOSE: Older adults with low vision are increasingly using technology to improve their visual functioning. We examined whether age-related comorbidities were potential barriers to success in learning to use visual-assistive apps on a smartphone.
METHODS: A clinical trial assessed visual-assistive apps in 116 older adults aged 55+ years (mean [standard deviation], 72 [10] years). Subjects were randomized to use an app (SuperVision+, Seeing AI, or Aira) preloaded to a loaner iPhone and completed one-on-one training. App proficiency was measured by the participant's ability to use the iPhone/app without cueing at the end of training sessions. Training time was recorded for the initial session and totaled after subsequent sessions. Multiple regression models explored significant factors associated with training time and proficiency.
RESULTS: Median initial and total training times were 45 and 60 minutes, respectively. Increased initial and total training times were both significantly related to increased age (p<0.001), legal blindness (p<0.007), Seeing AI versus SuperVision+ app (p<0.03), and participants from New England versus California (p<0.001). Most (71%) achieved proficiency after the initial training session; those odds were significantly greater among younger participants (p=0.04), those who opted for telerehabilitation (p=0.03), those who had higher cognitive scores (p=0.04), or those who were from New England (p=0.04). The majority (90%) was ultimately proficient with the app; those odds were significantly greater among participants who already had an optical magnifier (p=0.008), but were unrelated to other factors including study site.
CONCLUSIONS: Following multiple, extensive training sessions, age, mild cognitive loss, or level of visual impairment did not preclude gaining proficiency with visual-assistive apps by visually impaired seniors, but those factors were associated with longer training times. Telerehabilitation can be a viable option to provide app training remotely for visually impaired seniors who choose that modality.
Emotional disorders, such as anxiety, depression and somatic disorders, represent a serious public health issue. Many people who suffer from them do not have access to an adequate psychological treatment. Some of the reasons why this situation happens are: the high cost that tends to represent a proper psychological treatment, and, in countries like Dominican Republic, the lack of a protocol that guides health professionals of Primary Care Units on the diagnosis and treatment of these emotional disorders. The purpose of this study is to describe a pilot project, in which a treatment protocol for emotional disorders will be applied by trained mental health professionals in Dominican Primary Care Units. It will be a randomized controlled trial with 300 patients. To prove the effectiveness of this protocol, the phases of this study will be: 1) psychological assessment of the study sample; 2) seven sessions of conventional treatment offered to a control group, and seven sessions of the evidence-based psychological techniques, suggested by this new protocol, given to an experimental group; 3) psychological reassessment of the study sample. This protocol suggests transdiagnostic approaches and collaborative interventions, that include group-sessions and evidence-based psychological techniques derived from cognitive behavioral therapy. Also, the protocol will be supported by mHealth tools. Some of the points included in the protocol are: psychoeducation on emotional disorders symptoms, relaxation and breathing techniques, thought management, improvement of quality of life and relapse prevention.
Treatment as usual (TAU) consists of the standard-of-care psychotherapy as provided by licensed clinicians at a local clinic. The order and choice of techniques is based on the knowledge and preferences of the clinicians. Sessions are provided weekly for 18-weeks.
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is associated with substantial blood loss and tranexamic acid (TXA) effectively reduces postoperative bleeding. Although it is known that there is no difference between intravenous or intra-articular (IA) injection, the general interest is directed towards topical hemostatic agents regarding thromboembolic events in high-risk patients. This study aimed to compare the blood conservation effects of IA MPH powder and TXA in patients undergoing primary TKA. We retrospectively analyzed 103 patients who underwent primary TKA between June 2020 and December 2021. MPH powder was applied to the IA space before capsule closure (MPH group, n = 51). TXA (3 g) was injected via the drain after wound closure (TXA group, n = 52). All patients underwent drain clamping for three postoperative hours. The primary outcome was the drain output, and the secondary outcomes were the postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) levels during the hospitalization period and the perioperative blood transfusion rates. An independent Student's t-test was used to determine differences between the two groups. The drain output in the first 24 h after surgery was significantly higher in the MPH group than in the TXA group. The postoperative Hb levels were significantly lower in the MPH group than in the TXA group. In patients with simultaneous bilateral TKA, there was a significant difference in the blood transfusion volumes and the rates between groups. It is considered that IA MPH powder cannot replace IA TXA because of an inferior efficacy in reducing blood loss and maintaining postoperative Hb levels in the early postoperative period after primary TKA. Moreover, in the case of simultaneous bilateral TKA, we do not recommend the use of IA MPH powder because it was notably less effective in the field of transfusion volume and rate.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate mounting when a condom is used by incorporating at least one kind of petroleum-type finely powdered or fine crystalline wax with specified mol.wt. and m.p. into a silicone oil, etc., in a wetting condom made of a natural rubber, etc. SOLUTION: A stickproof agent compsn. is prepd. by incorporating and mixing 1-50 pts.wt. one or two or more kinds of finely powdered or fine crystalline waxes each comprising a petroleum-type hydrocarbon with a mol.wt. of 450-1,000 and an m.p. of 60-110 deg.C as main ingredients into 100 pts.wt. silicon oil with a viscosity of 10-1,000mm<2> /s or glycerol and/or polyethylene glycol. In addition, this stickproof agent compsn. is applied approximately uniformly on both faces of a wetting condom made of natural rubber, collagen or plastics. As the petroleum waxes, such waxes that contain isoparaffin with the carbon numbers in the constitutional molecules of 31-70 and having side chains are used as the main ingredients and those containing n-paraffin and cycloparaffin are pref. used.
The invention provides jasmine scented tea capable of relaxing bowels. The tea is prepared from, by weight, 18-22 parts of arabian jasmine flowers, 10-20 parts of acorus gramineus soland, 8-12 parts of twelve stamen melastoma herbs, 15-20 parts of smallflower galinsoga flowers, 6-10 parts of leaves of rhododendroa microphyton franch. and 10-14 parts of leaves of psychotria rubra (Lour.) poir.; the raw materials are dried, pulverized and uniformly mixed, then a conventional tea bag production process is adopted, and the tea is produced into tea bags through bagging. The function of the jasmine scented tea is to treat constipation.
After skin infiltration with 1-2 mL of lidocaine 2%, a 21-gauge 90-mm spinal needle will be inserted into the brachial plexus sheath using in-plane technique. After a careful aspiration, 1 to 2 mL of normal saline is injected for a distribution in and around the brachial plexus. Additional needle repositioning and injections may be needed when the distribution is not attained. Then the study drug (0.5% ropivacaine plus 30 microg dexmedetomidine in a total volume of 20 mL) will be injected with additional fine adjustment of the block needle under realtime ultrasound monitoring.
Obesity has reached pandemic proportions and is a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Chronic inflammation is common in obese patients, but the mechanism between inflammation and cognitive impairment in obesity remains unclear. Accumulative evidence shows that protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), a neuroinflammatory and negative synaptic regulator, is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative processes. We investigated the causal role of PTP1B in obesity-induced cognitive impairment and the beneficial effect of PTP1B inhibitors in counteracting impairments of cognition, neural morphology, and signaling. We showed that obese individuals had negative relationship between serum PTP1B levels and cognitive function. Furthermore, the PTP1B level in the forebrain increased in patients with neurodegenerative diseases and obese cognitive impairment mice with the expansion of white matter, neuroinflammation and brain atrophy. PTP1B globally or forebrain-specific knockout mice on an obesogenic high-fat diet showed enhanced cognition and improved synaptic ultrastructure and proteins in the forebrain. Specifically, deleting PTP1B in leptin receptor-expressing cells improved leptin synaptic signaling and increased BDNF expression in the forebrain of obese mice. Importantly, we found that various PTP1B allosteric inhibitors (e.g., MSI-1436, well-tolerated in Phase 1 and 1b clinical trials for obesity and type II diabetes) prevented these alterations, including improving cognition, neurite outgrowth, leptin synaptic signaling and BDNF in both obese cognitive impairment mice and a neural cell model of PTP1B overexpression. These findings suggest that increased forebrain PTP1B is associated with cognitive decline in obesity, whereas inhibition of PTP1B could be a promising strategy for preventing neurodegeneration induced by obesity.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: In traditional Chinese medicine, propolis has been used for treating oral diseases for centuries, widely. Flavonoid extract is the main active ingredient in propolis, which has attracted extensive attention in recent years.
AIM OF THE STUDY: The objective and novelty of the current study aims to identify the mechanism of total flavonoid extract of propolis (TFP) for the treatment of periodontitis, and evaluate the therapeutic effect of TFP-loaded liquid crystal hydrogel (TFP-LLC) in rats with periodontitis.
METHODS: In this study, we used lipopolysaccharide-stimulated periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) to construct in vitro inflammation model, and investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of TFP by expression levels of inflammatory factors. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed using alkaline phosphatase activity and alizarin red staining. Meanwhile, the expression of toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) etc, were quantitated to investigate the therapeutic mechanism of TFP. Finally, we constructed TFP-LLC using a self-emulsification method and administered it to rats with periodontitis via periodontal pocket injection to evaluate the therapeutic effects. The therapeutic index, microcomputed tomography (Micro-CT), H&E staining, TRAP staining, and Masson staining were used for this evaluation.
RESULTS: TFP reduced the expression of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB and inflammatory factor in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated PDLSCs. Meanwhile, TFP simultaneously regulating alkaline phosphatase, RANK, runt-associated transcription factor-2 and matrix metalloproteinase production to accelerate osteogenic differentiation and collagen secretion. In addition, TFP-LLC can stably anchor to the periodontal lesion site and sustainably release TFP. After four weeks of treatment with TFP-LLC, we observed a decrease in the levels of NF-κB and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the periodontal tissues of rats, as well as a significant reduction in inflammation in HE staining. Similarly, Micro CT results showed that TFP-LLC could significantly inhibit alveolar bone resorption, increase bone mineral density (BMD) and reduce trabecular bone space (Tb.Sp) in rats with periodontitis.
CONCLUSION: Collectively, we have firstly verified the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of TFP in PDLSCs for periodontitis treatment. Our results indicate that TFP perform anti-inflammatory and tissue repair activities through TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and RANK/NF-κB pathways in PDLSCs. Meanwhile, for the first time, we employed LLC delivery system to load TFP for periodontitis treatment. The results showed that TFP-LLC could be effectively retained in the periodontal pocket and exerted a crucial role in inflammation resolution and periodontal tissue regeneration.
The unsupervised physical activity programs will happen in the period of self-isolation and social distance during the Covid-19 pandemic. The classes will be held through a recorded video that must be played twice a week. Each video class lasts 30 minutes.