anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
To quantify risks associated with drug utilization in the real world for the treatment of chronic pain (CP), an index called the Medication Quantification Scale (MQS) was developed in 1992 in the United States and last updated in 2003. This study aimed to update, adapt to the contemporary Canadian context, and validate a revised version of the MQS (the MQS-4.0). Step 1: An expert committee adapted the MQS to the Canadian clinical practice context. Step 2: An update of risk weights given to medication subclasses was achieved using a prescriber survey (weights were derived from median 0-10 scores given to each subclass). Step 3: Construct validity of the MQS-4.0 was assessed after applying risk weights to the medication use profile of persons living with CP covered by public drug insurance plan. Thirty-six medication subclasses were included in the MQS-4.0. A total of 207 prescribers (physicians, pharmacists, and nurse practitioners) participated in the perception survey; 10.63% identified as pain specialists. When risk weights were applied to prescription claims (n = 9,122), the MQS-4.0 score was associated (P < .05) with the MQS-III score and variables associated with polypharmacy (eg, Charlson Comorbidity Index, number of prescribers or health care visits). This study provides an updated index intended for adult populations based on prescribers' perceptions of the risk associated with CP medications that can be useful for clinical practice and research among persons living with CP in Canada. It will, however, be relevant to verify whether similar risk weights are obtained in future pain specialist surveys. PERSPECTIVE: The MQS-4.0 is an update of the MQS used for quantifying the risk associated with the use of analgesics/coanalgesics. Adequate psychometrics properties were found.
FIELD: chemical industry. SUBSTANCE: described are new N-morpholino-N-nitrosoaminoacetonitrile and cyclodextrin or hydroxypropylated cyclodextrin or methylated cyclodextrin inclusion complexes which comprise, as catalyst or stabilizer, ions in the form of ammonium salt or alkali metal salt of said complex. Said complexes are stable in solid state, and give off nitrogen oxide at room temperature when dissolved in water or water systems. Described are method of preparing said complexes, pharmaceutical composition based on said complexes and capable of isolating nitrogen oxide and method of affecting living cells with nitrogen oxide. Nitrogen oxide is involved in many major bioregulation processes. EFFECT: improved properties of the pharmaceutical composition. 17 cl, 2 dwg, 20 ex, 4 tbl
Participants continued apheresis at the same schedule, every week (QW) or every two weeks (Q2W), as prior to study entry, for the first 6 weeks. Starting at week 6 (beginning of the post-primary period), participants received 140 mg evolocumab Q2W up to week 24.
All patients enrolled to the study will be treated with nivolumab 240 mg IV every 2 weeks plus ipilimumab 1mg/kg IV every 6 weeks. 1 cycle = 6 weeks.
Use in patients with impaired hepatic function: Since verapamil is highly metabolized by the liver, it should be administered cautiously to patients with impaired hepatic function. Severe liver dysfunction prolongs the elimination half-life of verapamil to about 14 to 16 hours; hence, approximately 30% of the dose given to patients with normal liver function should be administered to these patients. Careful monitoring for abnormal prolongation of the PR interval or other signs of excessive pharmacologic effects (see OVERDOSAGE ) should be carried out. 

Use in patients with attenuated (decreased) neuromuscular transmission: It has been reported that verapamil decreases neuromuscular transmission in patients with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy, and that verapamil prolongs recovery from the neuromuscular blocking agent vecuronium, and causes a worsening of myasthenia gravis. It may be necessary to decrease the dosage of verapamil when it is administered to patients with attenuated neuromuscular transmission. 

Use in patients with impaired renal function: About 70% of an administered dose of verapamil is excreted as metabolites in the urine. Verapamil is not removed by hemodialysis. Until further data are available, verapamil should be administered cautiously to patients with impaired renal function. These patients should be carefully monitored for abnormal prolongation of the PR interval or other signs of overdosage (see OVERDOSAGE ).
Curcumin, the principal curcuminoid of turmeric (Curcuma longa extract), is very well known for its multiple biological therapeutic activities, particularly its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. However, due to its low water solubility, it exhibits poor bioavailability. In order to overcome this problem, in the current study, we have employed liposomal technology to encapsulate curcumin with the aim of enhancing its therapeutic efficacy. The curcumin-loaded liposomes (PlexoZome®) were tested on a cigarette smoke extract-induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in vitro model using minimally immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells (BCiNS1.1). The anti-senescence and anti-inflammatory properties of PlexoZome® were explored. 5 µM PlexoZome® curcumin demonstrated anti-senescent activity by decrease in X-gal positive cells, and reduction in the expression of p16 and p21 in immunofluorescence staining. Moreover, PlexoZome® curcumin also demonstrated a reduction in proteins related to senescence (osteopontin, FGF basic and uPAR) and inflammation (GM-CSF, EGF and ST2). Overall, the results clearly demonstrate the therapeutic potential of curcumin encapsulated liposomes in managing CSE induced COPD, providing a new direction to respiratory clinics.
PURPOSE: A compound containing pheophorbide a as a porphyrin compound and a Persicaria vulgaris extract as an active ingredient is provided. The pheophorbide a inhibits synthesis of very low density lipoprotein in liver and lowers blood cholesterol level and thus can be effectively used as a prophylactic and therapeutic agents for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease such as hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis caused by hypercholesterolemia. CONSTITUTION: An inhibitor for activity of acyl-coa:cholesterol acyltransferase(ACAT) contains porphyrin-based pheophorbide a represented by the formula(1). The inhibitor for activity of ACAT contains a Persicaria vulgaris extract containing the porphyrin-based pheophorbide a. The Persicaria vulgaris extract is prepared by extracting in C1-4 alcohol and reextracting in an organic solvent or water. The organic solvent is selected from ethyl acetate, N-hexane or chloroform. The porphyrin-based pheophorbide a or Persicaria vulgaris extract has an LD50 of 3.2 g/kg.
The study group will be fed with probiotics at a dose of 3x109 CFU/day. (Cap TS6 probiotic + contain Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus at 6x109 CFU = 6 billion CFU) dissolved with 6 ml of milk then give 3 ml (3 billion probiotics) once daily with breast milk from first feeding.
Participants do not experience a VR intervention. Instead they visit with research assistants for 10 minutes on two occasions, 1 week apart.
Butalbital, Aspirin, Caffeine and Codeine Phosphate Capsules are indicated for the relief of the symptom complex of tension (or muscle contraction) headache.

Evidence supporting the efficacy of butalbital, aspirin, caffeine and codeine phosphate capsules is derived from 2 multi-clinic trials that compared patients with tension headache randomly assigned to 4 parallel treatments: 1) butalbital, aspirin, caffeine and codeine; 2) codeine; 3) butalbital, aspirin and caffeine; 4) placebo. Response was assessed over the course of the first 4 hours of each of 2 distinct headaches, separated by at least 24 hours. The combination product of butalbital, aspirin, caffeine and codeine proved statistically significantly superior to each of its components and to placebo on measures of pain relief.

Evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of butalbital, aspirin, caffeine and codeine in the treatment of multiple recurrent headaches is unavailable. Caution in this regard is required because codeine and butalbital are habit-forming and potentially abusable.
The investigators have previously studied the effect of the BlephEx instrument (debridement of lid debris) in relieving signs and symptoms of blepharitis (Connor CG et al, ARVO 2014). This previous study demonstrated positive results from the BlephEx treatment. Warming the eyelids (e.g., using warm wash cloths) still remains a viable treatment option for this disease. However, patients are often non-compliant with warm compress therapy due to the requirement of performing it at least twice per day. The MiBoflo delivers uniform and consistent amounts of heat to the eyelid. It is suggested that two treatments over 30 days is adequate to relieve signs and symptoms of Meibomian gland dysfunction. This equipment is currently used in optometric practices in this country.

There are no clinical studies comparing BlephEx and MiBoflo as treatment options for blepharitis. Hence, the current study will provide new and useful information on which treatment option may be better for treating blepharitis and Meibomian gland dysfunction. Part of this study will also investigate if a combination of BlephEx and MiBoflo treatments is more beneficial to the patient. The data generated will directly benefit clinical practice and impact several millions of patients who suffer from this Blepharitis and / or Meibomian gland dysfunction.
Engineering exosomes with nanomaterials usually leads to the damage of exosomal membrane and bioactive molecules. Here, pathological angiogenesis targeting exosomes with magnetic imaging, ferroptosis inducing, and immunotherapeutic properties is fabricated using a simple coincubation method with macrophages being the bioreactor. Extremely small iron oxide nanoparticle (ESIONPs) incorporated exosomes (ESIONPs@EXO) are acquired by sorting the secreted exosomes from M1-polarized macrophages induced by ESIONPs. ESIONPs@EXO suppress pathological angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo without toxicity. Furthermore, ESIONPs@EXO target pathological angiogenesis and exhibit an excellent T1-weighted contrast property for magnetic resonance imaging. Mechanistically, ESIONPs@EXO induce ferroptosis and exhibit immunotherapeutic ability toward pathological angiogenesis. These findings demonstrate that a pure biological method engineered ESIONPs@EXO using macrophages shows potential for targeted pathological angiogenesis therapy.
Introduction: Infertility and in vitro fertilization (IVF; with or without intracytoplasmic sperm injection, ICSI) result in considerate emotional and financial burden. Increasing evidence suggests that lifestyle factors, including diet, physical activity and personal wellbeing, are associated with IVF-success rates. So far, IVF is not routinely combined with a lifestyle programme. The PreLiFe randomized controlled trial (RCT) will assess the effects of a new mobile preconception lifestyle programme (PreLiFe-programme) in couples undergoing IVF.

Methods and analysis: A multicentre RCT will include heterosexual couples about to start IVF (with or without ICSI) in Belgian fertility clinics. IVF-Couples will be randomized between an attention control programme or the PreLiFe-programme for 12 months or until an ongoing pregnancy is confirmed by ultrasound. The attention control programme includes a mobile application with treatment information (i.e. appointments and medication instructions) in addition to standard care. The PreLiFe-programme includes a mobile application with the same treatment information in combination with a lifestyle programme. This new lifestyle programme includes tailored advice on diet and physical activity and mindfulness exercises in combination with text messages and telephone interaction with a lifestyle coach. The primary outcome of this RCT is the cumulative ongoing pregnancy rate within 12 months after randomisation. Secondary outcomes include changes in diet, physical activity, personal wellbeing, body mass index, waist circumference and quality of life measured with self-reported questionnaires and physical assessments and changes in other reproductive outcomes including clinical pregnancy and time to pregnancy. Additionally, the partners' support and the feasibility (use and acceptability) of the PreLiFe-programme will be evaluated using self-reported questionnaires and app-based tracking. Analysis will be according to intention to treat.

Ethics and dissemination: This study has been approved by the Medical Ethical Committee of the Leuven University Hospital (Belgium) and of the other recruiting clinics. The findings of this RCT will be disseminated through presentations at international scientific meetings and peer-reviewed publications.

Due to the worldwide Covid-19 pandemic, we had to stop recruiting new patients and stop studying patients who were in the midst of their 12 months study period. This was inevitable as all Belgian fertility clinics stopped offering IVF as of March 13th 2020 for a (not predefined) period. Patients who had been randomized, but were still ongoing in the trial at that time needed to be censored. Based on statistical advise, we changed therefore our primary outcome analysis from cumulative ongoing pregnancy rate within 12 months after randomisation to time to ongoing pregnancy in order to be able to use the data of the many study patients who were in the midst of their 12 months study period.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) between children with bladder and bowel dysfunction (BBD) and lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) alone and healthy controls based on self-report forms and parent-proxy report forms.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, clinical records were reviewed. Children with LUTD, with or without bowel dysfunction, and healthy children were included in this study. The dysfunctional voiding scoring system and Rome IV Diagnostic Criteria were used to assess lower urinary tract symptoms. The Rome IV Diagnostic Criteria was also used to evaluate bowel symptoms. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL) questionnaire was administered to investigate pediatric HRQoL.
RESULTS: Of the total 252 children (mean age, 7.3±2.1 years) who participated in this study, 78 were classified into the BBD group and 174 into the LUTD group. Compared with the control group, the BBD group had significantly lower total PedsQL scores (p<0.001) and psychosocial healthy summary scores (p<0.001). The BBD group had significantly lower emotional functioning scores than the LUTD group (p=0.023). Children with BBD who presented with fecal incontinence (FI) had a significantly lower social functioning score than those without FI (p=0.023).
CONCLUSIONS: Children with BBD who present with FI are at higher risk of decreased psychosocial HRQoL, and they require special emotional support. These findings underscore the need for effective treatment and follow-up to improve the HRQoL of children with BBD who presented with FI.
BACKGROUND: Traditionally, herbal medicines have been used to alleviate nausea and vomiting; however, a comprehensive clinical evaluation for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), especially after laparoscopic surgery, remains limited. This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of herbal medicine as an alternative therapy to prevent and manage nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic surgery compared with untreated, placebo, and Western medicine groups.
METHODS: We searched 11 databases, including EMBASE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library, to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of herbal medicines on PONV after laparoscopic surgery on July 7, 2022. Two independent reviewers screened and selected eligible studies, extracted clinical data, and evaluated the quality of evidence using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. The primary outcome was the incidence of PONV, whereas the secondary outcomes included the frequency and intensity of PONV, symptom improvement time, antiemetic requirement frequency, and incidence of adverse events. Review Manager Version 5.3. was used for the meta-analysis.
RESULTS: We identified 19 RCTs with 2726 participants comparing herbal medicine with no treatment, placebo, and Western medicine. The findings showed that compared with no treatment, herbal medicine demonstrated significant effects on vomiting incidence (risk ratio [RR] = 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.32-0.57, P < .00001). Compared with placebo, herbal medicine revealed a significant effect on the severity of nausea 12 hours after laparoscopic surgery (standardized mean difference = -2.04, 95% CI -3.67 to -0.41, P = .01). Herbal medicines showed similar effects with Western medicine on the incidence of postoperative nausea (RR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.63-1.42, P = .77) and vomiting (RR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.25-1.84, P = .45). Furthermore, comparing the experimental group containing herbal medicine and control group excluding herbal medicine, adverse events were considerably lower in the group with herbal medicine (RR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.27-0.72, P = .001).
CONCLUSION: Herbal medicine is an effective and safe treatment for nausea and vomiting secondary to laparoscopic surgery. However, the number of studies was small and their quality was not high; thus, more well-designed RCTs are warranted in the future.
INTRODUCTION: Results on the association between the use of renin-angiotensin system blockades (RASBs) and vascular access-related outcomes are inconsistent. We aimed to compare vascular access-related outcomes according to the use of RASBs in hemodialysis patients.
METHODS: This study used data from a national hemodialysis quality assessment program of the Republic of Korea (n = 54,903). Group 1 was not prescribed any blood pressure-lowering drugs (n = 28,521). Group 2 was prescribed other blood pressure-lowering agents except for RASBs (n = 9571). Group 3 was prescribed RASBs (n = 16,811). Vascular access-related outcomes were classified into intervention-free survival (IFS), thrombosis-free survival (TFS), and vascular access survival (VAS).
RESULTS: No significant difference in the three access survival rates was identified among the three groups. The multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that Group 3 had better outcomes in IFS and TFS than Group 1. The numbers of angioplasties performed were significantly greater in Group 1 than in the other two groups. The numbers of thrombectomies performed were significantly the lowest in Group 3 among all the groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed different results according to types of access survival in univariate or multivariate analyses. The association of RASBs with favorable outcomes in vascular access remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: The study objective was to evaluate the impact of monitoring circulating tumor DNA on the detection and management of recurrence in patients with resected early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.
METHODS: Between October 2021 and March 2023, postoperative circulating tumor DNA was monitored in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (N = 108). Longitudinal blood samples (n = 378 samples) were collected for prospective circulating tumor DNA analysis at 3-month intervals after curative-intent resection. A tumor-informed assay was used for the detection and quantification of circulating tumor DNA. The primary outcome measure was a circulating tumor DNA-positive result. The secondary outcome measure was changes in practice after a circulating tumor DNA-positive result.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients in this cohort was 68.1 years. Of the 108 patients, 12 (11.1%) were circulating tumor DNA positive at least at 1 timepoint postsurgery, of whom 8 (66.7%) had a clinically evident recurrence and the remaining 4 had limited clinical follow-up. Of the 10 patients with recurrent disease, 8 demonstrated circulating tumor DNA positivity and the remaining 2 patients had brain-only metastases. Postoperative clinical care was altered in 100% (12/12) of circulating tumor DNA-positive patients, with 58.3% (7/12) receiving an early computed tomography scan and 100% (12/12) receiving an early positron emission tomography computed tomography scan as part of their surveillance strategy. Among the patients who received an early positron emission tomography scan, 66.6% (8/12) were positive for malignant features.
CONCLUSIONS: Routine monitoring of tumor-informed circulating tumor DNA after curative intent therapy improved patient risk stratification and prognostication.
OBJECTIVE: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a complex autoimmune disease affecting the neuromuscular junction with limited drug options, but the field of MG treatment recently benefits from novel biological agents. We performed a drug-targeted Mendelian randomization (MR) study to identify novel therapeutic targets of MG.
METHODS: Cis-expression quantitative loci (cis-eQTL), which proxy expression levels for 2176 druggable genes, were used for MR analysis. Causal relationships between genes and disease, identified by eQTL MR analysis, were verified by comprehensive sensitivity, colocalization, and protein quantitative loci (pQTL) MR analyses. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was also performed to extend targets, followed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to explore the serum level of drug targets in MG patients. A phenome-wide MR analysis was then performed to assess side effects with a clinical trial review assessing druggability.
RESULTS: The eQTL MR analysis has identified eight potential targets for MG, one for early-onset MG and seven for late-onset MG. Further colocalization analyses indicated that CD226, CDC42BPB, PRSS36, and TNFSF12 possess evidence for colocalization with MG or late-onset MG. pQTL MR analyses identified the causal relations of TNFSF12 and CD226 with MG and late-onset MG. Furthermore, PPI analysis has revealed the protein interaction between TNFSF12-TNFSF13(APRIL) and TNFSF12-TNFSF13B(BLyS). Elevated TNFSF13 serum level of MG patients was also identified by ELISA experiments. This study has ultimately proposed three promising therapeutic targets (TNFSF12, TNFSF13, TNFSF13B) of MG.
CONCLUSIONS: Three drug targets associated with the BLyS/APRIL pathway have been identified. Multiple biological agents, including telitacicept and belimumab, are promising for MG therapy.