anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Intestinal malrotation (IM) is characterized by abnormal intestinal rotation and fixation predisposing to a risk of midgut volvulus. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical presentation and outcome of IM from birth through childhood.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of children with IM managed at a single center between 1983 and 2016. Data were retrieved from medical records and analyzed.
RESULTS: Three hundred nineteen patients were eligible for the study. Using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, 138 children were included. Vomiting was the most common symptom up to 5 years of age. At 6 to 15 years of age, abdominal pain was the predominant symptom. One hundred twenty-five patients underwent a Ladd's procedure and of 124 patients with available data, 20% had a postoperative complication (Clavien-Dindo IIIb-V) within 30 days. The odds ratio to develop postoperative complications was significantly increased in extremely preterm patients (p = 0.001) and in patients with severely affected intestinal circulation (p = 0.006). Two patients had intestinal failure due to midgut loss after midgut volvulus, one of whom needed intestinal transplantation. Four patients, all extremely preterm, died related to the surgical procedure. In addition, seven patients died of reasons not related to IM. Fourteen patients (11%) had adhesive bowel obstruction and one patient had recurrent midgut volvulus requiring surgical treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: IM presents with different symptoms through childhood depending on age. Postoperative complications are common after Ladd's procedure, particularly among extremely preterm infants and patients with severely affected circulation caused by midgut volvulus.
BACKGROUND: The risk factors for progression of severity of locomotive syndrome (LS) remain unclear.
METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal observational study of 1148 community-dwelling residents (median age, 68.0 years old; 548 males, 600 females) from 2016 to 2018. LS was assessed by the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-25), and total scores of ≤6 points, 7-15 points, 16-23 points, and ≥24 points were diagnosed as non-LS, LS-1, LS-2, and LS-3, respectively. If the LS severity in 2018 was higher than in 2016, the case was defined as progression of LS severity; otherwise, it was defined as non-progressive LS. We compared the age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, living situation, car use, chronic musculoskeletal pain, comorbidities, metabolic syndrome, physical activity, and LS severity in 2016 between the progression and non-progression groups. Furthermore, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to elucidate the risk factors for progression of LS severity.
RESULTS: Participants in the progression group had a significantly older age, a lower rate of car use, a higher rate of low back pain, a higher rate of hip pain, a higher rate of knee pain, a higher GLFS-25 total score, and a higher rate of LS-2 than those in the non-progression group. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that older age, female gender, higher body mass index (≥25.0 kg/m2), presence of low back pain, and presence of hip pain were risk factors for the progression of LS within two years.
CONCLUSIONS: To prevent the progression of LS severity, related prophylaxis strategies should be implemented, especially for individuals with the above-mentioned characteristics. Further longitudinal studies with a longer observation period are necessary.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is characterized by the congenital absence of the uterus and vagina, sometimes with associated extragenital anomalies. Currently, there is limited literature on pelvic pain and comorbid pain syndromes in people with MRKH. The aims of this scoping review were to summarize existing literature on pelvic and generalized persistent pain syndromes associated with MRKH and to identify knowledge gaps for further research into this field.
METHODS: This scoping review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute framework. The population of interest was patients with a diagnosis of MRKH. MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane, Embase, and Emcare databases were searched. Articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria or critical appraisal standards were excluded. The resultant articles were reviewed by 2 independent researchers, and a third was used in cases of disagreement. A descriptive analytical method was used for data analysis.
RESULTS: We screened 3348 articles for eligibility. Of these, 39 articles, which described 1353 cases of MRKH, met the criteria. Four studies described baseline pelvic pain in MRKH, 19 described acute presentations, and 13 described postintervention pain levels.
CONCLUSION: Despite the paucity of research, this review found that cyclic pelvic pain was mostly present in women with uterine remnants, whereas pelvic pain in those without remnants was poorly understood. There were no studies exploring generalized persistent pain syndromes in MRKH. Further cross-sectional studies are needed to elucidate the prevalence and levels of pain syndromes in MRKH.
Despite the high prevalence of maternal depression in Pakistan, research on psychosocial interventions is limited. We will test the effectiveness of a telephone based intervention program called Learning through Play plus Interpersonal Psychotherapy (LTP Plus) that can be used by non-specialists, including trained graduates, mothers and lay health workers with minimal training. This telephone communication will be supplemented by the provision of LTP Plus pictorial calendars to the depressed mothers.

Purpose of this RCT is to determine if telephone delivered intervention of the LTP plus programme reduces symptoms of maternal depression and improves infant development compared to Treatment as usual. A sample of 354 (177 in each group) will be required. The study will be conducted in big cities of Pakistan including Karachi, Lahore, Hyderabad, Nawabshah, Quetta and Peshawar.Participants will be screened using Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and eligibility checklist. Those scoring 10 and above on PHQ-9 will be invited to participate in the study. Assessments will be done at baseline and after completion of intervention (3rd month and 6th month after randomization). All follow ups will be done by independent Research Assistants (RAs), blind to the treatment allocations.
No cases of human overdosage with eplerenone have been reported. Lethality was not observed in mice, rats, or dogs after single oral doses that provided Cmax exposures at least 25 times higher than in humans receiving eplerenone 100 mg/day. Dogs showed emesis, salivation, and tremors at a Cmax 41 times the human therapeutic Cmax, progressing to sedation and convulsions at higher exposures. 

The most likely manifestation of human overdosage would be anticipated to be hypotension or hyperkalemia. Eplerenone cannot be removed by hemodialysis. Eplerenone has been shown to bind extensively to charcoal. If symptomatic hypotension should occur, supportive treatment should be instituted. If hyperkalemia develops, standard treatment should be initiated.
Duplications of the 3q29 cytoband are rare chromosomal copy number variations (CNVs) (overlapping or recurrent ~1.6 Mb 3q29 duplications). They have been associated with highly variable neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) with various associated features or reported as a susceptibility factor to the development of learning disabilities and neuropsychiatric disorders. The smallest region of overlap and the phenotype of 3q29 duplications remain uncertain. We here report a French cohort of 31 families with a 3q29 duplication identified by chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), including 14 recurrent 1.6 Mb duplications, eight overlapping duplications (>1 Mb), and nine small duplications (<1 Mb). Additional genetic findings that may be involved in the phenotype were identified in 11 patients. Focusing on apparently isolated 3q29 duplications, patients present mainly mild NDD as suggested by a high rate of learning disabilities in contrast to a low proportion of patients with intellectual disabilities. Although some are de novo, most of the 3q29 duplications are inherited from a parent with a similar mild phenotype. Besides, the study of small 3q29 duplications does not provide evidence for any critical region. Our data suggest that the overlapping and recurrent 3q29 duplications seem to lead to mild NDD and that a severe or syndromic clinical presentation should warrant further genetic analyses.
A method of connecting a user device anonymously to a remote operator, via an intermediate anonymizing server is described. In this way, a remote operator may control the device, without the remote operator knowing the identity of the owner or of user of the device. A remote operator might provide medical support or entertainment. The user of the device is provided with a connection key, which is then further given by the user to a desired remote operator. Both the user and the remote operator provide the anonymizing server with the connection key. The anonymizing server opens a chat room uniquely associated with the connection key. Electronic connectivity is provided by forwarding messages between the user device and the remote operator through the chat room. No other access to the chat room is permitted. The anonymizing server does not store the connection key. No user application is required.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of electrophysiological technique in treating chronic prostatitis.
METHODS: Choose 40 patients of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (chronicprostatis/chronicpelvicpainsyndrome, CP/CPPS) in People's Hospital in Zhijin and People's hospital in Guizhou Province from January 2022 to April 2023, The patients were randomly divided into control group (n=20) and treatment group (n=20). The treatment group received low-frequency neuromuscular electrical stimulation combined with drug therapy, while the control group received drug therapy alone. The improvement of prostatitis symptom score (NIH-CPSI) and International Prostatitis Symptom score (IPSS) before and after treatment was compared and analyzed.
RESULTS: A total of 37 patients were followed up (1 patient in the treatment group withdrew due to hypersensitivity to the electrode; 2 patients in the control group were lost to follow-up. )There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups (P > 0.05). The NIH-CPSI score and IPSS score before and after treatment were compared between the two groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). The IPSS score of the two groups after treatment was compared, the average reduction of the treatment group was 15.84±0.92 points, and that of the control group was 7.17±0.40 points, and the difference was statistically significant (t=4.792, P< 0.05). The NIH-CPSI score of the two groups after treatment was compared, and the average reduction was 17.47±0.92 points in the treatment group and 10.56±0.49 points in the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=6.654, P< 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The effect of electrophysiological combined drug therapy is obviously better than that of simple drug therapy. Electrophysiological therapy for chronic prostatitis has definite clinical effect and is worth promoting and applying.
The present invention relates to a novel antibody that specifically binds to IGSF1 and a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating cancer comprising the antibody as an active ingredient. In particular, the invention provides antibodies that bind to the C-terminus of IGSF 1. The anti-IGSF 1 antibody according to the present invention exhibits high specificity and high binding ability to IGSF 1. When IGSF1 overexpressed lung cancer cell spheres are co-cultured with human peripheral mononuclear cells, the anti-IGSF 1 antibodies according to the invention increase infiltration of immune cells in the spheres. Furthermore, the anti-IGSF 1 antibody according to the invention inhibits tumor growth and increases cytokine expression in tumor tissue in humanized mice transplanted with IGSF1 overexpressed human lung cancer cells. From the above results, it was confirmed that the anti-IGSF 1 antibody can inhibit tumor growth by increasing infiltration of immune cells into lung cancer tissues with increased expression of IGSF1 and immune response. Thus, anti-IGSF 1 antibodies are useful as anti-cancer agents effective in the treatment of cancers that overexpress IGSF 1.
(See also boxed CONTRAINDICATIONS AND WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS, Drug Interactions)

In studies of in vivo pharmacokinetic drug interactions, no interaction was seen between acitretin and cimetidine, digoxin, phenprocoumon, or glyburide.

Ethanol

Clinical evidence has shown that etretinate (a retinoid with a much longer half-life, see below) can be formed with concurrent ingestion of acitretin and ethanol. In a 2-way crossover trial, all 10 subjects formed etretinate with concurrent ingestion of a single 100-mg oral dose of acitretin during a 3-hour period of ethanol ingestion (total ethanol, approximately 1.4 g per kg body weight). A mean peak etretinate concentration of 59 ng per mL (range: 22 to 105 ng per mL) was observed, and extrapolation of AUC values indicated that the formation of etretinate in this trial was comparable to a single 5-mg oral dose of etretinate. There was no detectable formation of etretinate when a single 100-mg oral dose of acitretin was administered without concurrent ethanol ingestion, although the formation of etretinate without concurrent ethanol ingestion cannot be excluded (see boxed CONTRAINDICATIONS AND WARNINGS). Of 93 evaluable psoriatic subjects on acitretin therapy in several foreign trials (10 to 80 mg per day), 16% had measurable etretinate levels (>5 ng per mL).

Etretinate has a much longer elimination half-life compared with that of acitretin. In one trial the apparent mean terminal half-life after 6 months of therapy was approximately 120 days (range: 84 to 168 days). In another trial of 47 subjects treated chronically with etretinate, 5 had detectable serum drug levels (in the range of 0.5 to 12 ng per mL) 2.1 to 2.9 years after therapy was discontinued. The long half-life appears to be due to storage of etretinate in adipose tissue.

Progestin-only Contraceptives

It has not been established if there is a pharmacokinetic interaction between acitretin and combined oral contraceptives. However, it has been established that acitretin interferes with the contraceptive effect of microdosed progestin preparations.1 Microdosed “minipill” progestin preparations are not recommended for use with acitretin. It is not known whether other progestin-only contraceptives, such as implants and injectables, are adequate methods of contraception during acitretin therapy.
As with other anti-infective preparations, prolonged use may result in over-growth of nonsusceptible organisms, including fungi. If the infection is not improved after one week, cultures should be obtained to guide further treatment. If otorrhea persists after a full course of therapy, or if two or more episodes of otorrhea occur within six months, further evaluation is recommended to exclude an underlying condition such as cholesteatoma, foreign body, or a tumor.

The systemic administration of quinolones, including ofloxacin at doses much higher than given or absorbed by the otic route, has led to lesions or erosions of the cartilage in weight-bearing joints and other signs of arthropathy in immature animals of various species.

Young growing guinea pigs dosed in the middle ear with 0.3% Ofloxacin Otic Solution showed no systemic effects, lesions or erosions of the cartilage in weight-bearing joints, or other signs of arthropathy. No drug-related structural or functional changes of the cochlea and no lesions in the ossicles were noted in the guinea pig following otic administration of 0.3% ofloxacin for one month.

No signs of local irritation were found when 0.3% ofloxacin was applied topically in the rabbit eye. Ofloxacin was also shown to lack dermal sensitizing potential in the guinea pig maximization study.
Liver cirrhosis poses a global health challenge marked by significant prevalence and mortality. Current therapeutic options are limited by high costs and immune-mediated rejection, necessitating the exploration of innovative strategies to enhance hepatic self-rehabilitation, and counteract the underlying pathological mechanisms. We evaluated the hepatoprotective activity of rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) in combination with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and recombinant human hepatocyte growth factor (rh-HGF) on a rat model of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL). Treatment with PRP or rh-HGF alone did not yield significant hepatoprotection in the BDL-induced liver cirrhosis model. However, ADMSC transplantation alone exhibited the potential to alleviate impaired liver conditions. The combination of PRP and rh-HGF demonstrated superior ameliorative effects compared to either treatment alone. Notably, the combination of ADMSC + PRP or ADMSC + rh-HGF significantly enhanced hepatoprotective capacity compared to individual or combined PRP and rh-HGF therapies. Injection of ADMSC via the tail vein reduced inflammation, hepatocyte damage, and collagen deposition, improving overall liver function. This improvement was more pronounced when ADMSC was administered with PRP and rh-HGF versus monotherapy. Our study concludes that ADMSCs exert antifibrotic effects by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, and inducing apoptosis. ADMSCs also demonstrate immune-modulatory effects and transdifferentiate into hepatic progenitor cells, secreting trophic factors, cytokines, and chemokines that promote impaired liver regeneration. The observed arrest in liver fibrosis progression highlights the potential therapeutic impact of these interventions.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves introducing carbon dioxide into articular and periarticular tissues using single use injection needle in the amount of 50-250 ml under the pressure of 50-80 mm of mercury column. The procedures are to be applied every day or every other day. The total treatment course is 6-8 procedures long. EFFECT: arrested aseptic inflammation. 2 dwg
PURPOSE: To review the published literature on the safety and outcomes of keratolimbal allograft (KLAL) transplantation and living-related conjunctival limbal allograft (lr-CLAL) transplantation for bilateral severe/total limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD).
METHODS: Literature searches were last conducted in the PubMed database in February 2023 and were limited to the English language. They yielded 523 citations; 76 were reviewed in full text, and 21 met the inclusion criteria. Two studies were rated level II, and the remaining 19 studies were rated level III. There were no level I studies.
RESULTS: After KLAL surgery, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved in 42% to 92% of eyes at final follow-up (range, 12-95 months). The BCVA was unchanged in 17% to 39% of eyes and decreased in 8% to 29% of eyes. Two of 14 studies that evaluated the results of KLAL reported a notable decline in visual acuity over time postoperatively. Survival of KLAL was variable, ranging from 21% to 90% at last follow-up (range, 12-95 months) and decreased over time. For patients undergoing lr-CLAL surgery, BCVA improved in 31% to 100% of eyes at final follow-up (range, 16-49 months). Of the 9 studies evaluating lr-CLAL, 4 reported BCVA unchanged in 30% to 39% of patients, and 3 reported a decline in BCVA in 8% to 10% of patients. The survival rate of lr-CLAL ranged from 50% to 100% at final follow-up (range, 16-49 months). The most common complications were postoperative elevation of intraocular pressure, persistent epithelial defects, and acute allograft immune rejections.
CONCLUSIONS: Given limited options for patients with bilateral LSCD, both KLAL and lr-CLAL are viable choices that may provide improvement of vision and ocular surface findings. The studies trend toward a lower rejection rate and graft failure with lr-CLAL. However, the level and duration of immunosuppression vary widely between the studies and may impact allograft rejections and long-term graft survival. Complications related to immunosuppression are minimal. Repeat surgery may be needed to maintain a viable ocular surface. Reasonable long-term success can be achieved with both KLAL and lr-CLAL with appropriate systemic immunosuppression.
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.
Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets, USP contain 2 oral antihyperglycemic drugs used in the management of type 2 diabetes, glyburide, USP and metformin hydrochloride, USP.

Glyburide, USP is an oral antihyperglycemic drug of the sulfonylurea class. The chemical name for glyburide is 1-[[p-[2-(5-chloro-o-anisamido)ethyl]phenyl]sulfonyl]-3-cyclo-hexylurea. Glyburide, USP is a white or almost white, crystalline powder with a molecular formula of C23H28ClN3O5S and a molecular weight of 494. The glyburide used in glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablets, USP has a particle size at least 20% are less than 2 micron, at least 80% are less than 10 micron and 100% are less than 40 micron. The structural formula is represented below.

Metformin hydrochloride, USP is an oral antihyperglycemic drug used in the management of type 2 diabetes. Metformin hydrochloride (N,N-dimethylimidodicarbonimidic diamide monohydrochloride) is not chemically or pharmacologically related to sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, or α-glucosidase inhibitors. It is a white crystals with a molecular formula of C4H12ClN5 (monohydrochloride) and a molecular weight of 165.62. Metformin hydrochloride, USP is freely soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol (95%), practically insoluble in acetone and in methylene chloride. The structural formula is as shown:

Each glyburide and metformin hydrochloride tablet, USP intended for oral administration contains 1.25 mg glyburide USP with 250 mg metformin hydrochloride USP, 2.5 mg glyburide USP with 500 mg metformin hydrochloride USP and 5 mg glyburide USP with 500 mg metformin hydrochloride USP. In addition, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: calcium carbonate, croscarmellose sodium, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose and povidone. 

Additionally, 1.25 mg/250 mg tablets contain opadry II white 33F28398 which contains hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, polyethylene glycol, talc and titanium dioxide.

Additionally, 2.5 mg/500 mg tablets contain opadry II orange 31F530003 which contains FD&C blue #2 aluminum lake, FD&C yellow #5 aluminum lake, FD&C yellow #6 aluminum lake, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, polyethylene glycol and titanium dioxide.

Additionally, 5 mg/500 mg tablets contain opadry II green 31F510000 which contains iron oxide black, iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, polyethylene glycol and titanium dioxide.