anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Sarcopenic Obesity is associated with advanced ageing and is characterised by increased adipose tissue and loss of muscle mass, strength and/or function. The combination of sarcopenia and obesity can predispose older individuals to more functional disabilities than either of these two conditions alone, leading eventually to increased rates of morbidity and mortality. Lifestyle interventions focusing on physical activity and diet have been suggested as an effective tackling strategy. However, there is limited evidence on the efficacy of such interventions in sarcopenic obese individuals over 65 years of age. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the impact of a high protein energy-restriction diet and a mixed exercise program on body composition, strength, functionality and quality of life in older people with sarcopenic obesity.

This is a prospective randomised control trial among independent living sarcopenic obese community-dwellers. Eligible participants are people over 65y who experience increased adiposity (% body fat \>28% in men and \>40% in women) and low skeletal muscle index (SMI \<10.75 kg/m2 in men and \<6.75kg/m2 in women). Fifty (50) participants will be randomly allocated to either the exercise group (EX) or the exercise plus high protein energy-restricted diet group (EXD). Each group will undergo 3 exercise sessions/ week for a period of 16 weeks. The exercise sessions will be similar for both groups and will incorporate aerobic, resistance, balance and flexibility elements. The EXD group will receive a 500kcal-deficit diet plan and a milk-based protein supplement (ProMilk 50 by Myprotein; 50 g milk protein/ 500 ml bottle) to consume every day (at post-workout on exercise days or as a pre-bed snack on non-exercising days). The protein consumption will be in the range of 1.2-1.5 g.kg bw-1. A total weekly dose of 75mcg Vitamin D3 (3 x 25mcg) will be administered orally to all participants to avoid potential confounders associated with Vitamin D deficiency/hypovitaminosis. The primary and secondary outcomes will be evaluated at baseline, week 10 and week 16.
Participant in this group performed an acute resistance exercise protocol. The exercise protocol consisted of general warm-up of 10 min, followed by 8 exercises with 2 sets of 8 repetition and 1 min between sets.
Dopaminergic dysfunction in the basal ganglia, particularly in the posterior putamen, is often viewed as the primary pathological mechanism behind motor slowing (i.e. bradykinesia) in Parkinson's disease. However, striatal dopamine loss fails to account for interindividual differences in motor phenotype and rate of decline, implying that the expression of motor symptoms depends on additional mechanisms, some of which may be compensatory in nature. Building on observations of increased motor-related activity in the parieto-premotor cortex of Parkinson patients, we tested the hypothesis that interindividual differences in clinical severity are determined by compensatory cortical mechanisms and not just by basal ganglia dysfunction. Using functional MRI, we measured variability in motor- and selection-related brain activity during a visuomotor task in 353 patients with Parkinson's disease (≤5 years disease duration) and 60 healthy controls. In this task, we manipulated action selection demand by varying the number of possible actions that individuals could choose from. Clinical variability was characterized in two ways. First, patients were categorized into three previously validated, discrete clinical subtypes that are hypothesized to reflect distinct routes of α-synuclein propagation: diffuse-malignant (n = 42), intermediate (n = 128) or mild motor-predominant (n = 150). Second, we used the scores of bradykinesia severity and cognitive performance across the entire sample as continuous measures. Patients showed motor slowing (longer response times) and reduced motor-related activity in the basal ganglia compared with controls. However, basal ganglia activity did not differ between clinical subtypes and was not associated with clinical scores. This indicates a limited role for striatal dysfunction in shaping interindividual differences in clinical severity. Consistent with our hypothesis, we observed enhanced action selection-related activity in the parieto-premotor cortex of patients with a mild-motor predominant subtype, both compared to patients with a diffuse-malignant subtype and controls. Furthermore, increased parieto-premotor activity was related to lower bradykinesia severity and better cognitive performance, which points to a compensatory role. We conclude that parieto-premotor compensation, rather than basal ganglia dysfunction, shapes interindividual variability in symptom severity in Parkinson's disease. Future interventions may focus on maintaining and enhancing compensatory cortical mechanisms, rather than only attempting to normalize basal ganglia dysfunction.
For Treatment of Toxoplasmosis: The dosage of DARAPRIM for the treatment of toxoplasmosis must be carefully adjusted so as to provide maximum therapeutic effect and a minimum of side effects. At the dosage required, there is a marked variation in the tolerance to the drug. Young patients may tolerate higher doses than older individuals. Concurrent administration of folinic acid is strongly recommended in all patients.

The adult starting dose is 50 to 75 mg of the drug daily, together with 1 to 4 g daily of a sulfonamide of the sulfapyrimidine type, e.g. sulfadoxine. This dosage is ordinarily continued for 1 to 3 weeks, depending on the response of the patient and tolerance to therapy. The dosage may then be reduced to about one half that previously given for each drug and continued for an additional 4 to 5 weeks. The pediatric dosage of DARAPRIM is 1 mg/kg/day divided into 2 equal daily doses; after 2 to 4 days this dose may be reduced to one half and continued for approximately 1 month. The usual pediatric sulfonamide dosage is used in conjunction with DARAPRIM.
Clonidine Transdermal System, USP is a multi-layered film, 0.2 mm thick, containing clonidine as the active agent. The system areas are 4.1 cm2 (0.1 mg per day for one week), 8.2 cm2 (0.2 mg per day for one week) and 12.3 cm2 (0.3 mg per day for one week) and the amount of drug released is directly proportional to the area (see Release Rate Concept). The composition per unit area is the same for all three doses.  


Proceeding from the visible surface towards the surface attached to the skin, there are four consecutive layers: 1) a backing layer of pigmented polyethylene/aluminum/polyester film; 2) a drug reservoir of clonidine, acrylic adhesive; 3) an ethylene vinyl acetate membrane that controls the rate of delivery of clonidine from the system to the skin surface; 4) an adhesive formulation of clonidine and acrylic adhesive. Prior to use, a translucent to clear secondary protective liner card that rests over the pigmented film is removed; also, a protective release liner of silicone coated polyester film that covers the adhesive layer is removed.

Cross Section of the System:
After a washout period, the same 13 participants will undergo repeated measures of study outcomes (satiety hormones, glucose, amino acid and cytokine levels and changes in the fecal microbiota). On day one subjects will consume a liquid soy breakfast, undergo study measures and then initiate GMP supplements thrice a day (TID) x 7 days, with repeat study measures on day 7 of consuming the GMP supplement.
Blood from patient and healthy controls will be collected once every 3-6 months. White blood cells from blood samples will be separated. Tests will be done to see which substances these cells make. Using sequencing techniques, the investigators will determine the genetic code of the receptors expressed on these cells. The investigators plan to test how these cells change over the period of at least 3 years at different visits. In addition, the investigators will check how these changes relate to patients' general medical history relevant to autoimmune disease, lab results and physical examinations and exams pertinent to the diagnosis of autoimmune disease, and psychosocial data.
This is a prospective, randomized, control treatment trial of cognitive rehabilitation for OEF/OIF Service Members with a history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and persistent (3-24 months post-injury) cognitive complaints. Subjects will be recruited from consecutive patient referrals to the TBI Service at SAMMC-North. Patients who meet eligibility criteria and consent to participate in the treatment trial will be randomly assigned to one of four, 6-week treatment arms of the study: 1. Psychoeducational control group; 2. Non-therapist directed, computerized cognitive rehabilitation; 3. Therapist-directed individualized cognitive rehabilitation; and 4. Integrated interdisciplinary cognitive rehabilitation combined with cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy. (Components of the treatment arms are described in detail in section 4.6; Research Design and Methods.) All subjects enrolled in the study will receive the standard of care in management of chronic post-concussive symptoms, consistent with the VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Concussion/mild TBI (Barth et al., 2009), regardless of treatment assignment. The standard of care includes provision of patient education materials (adapted from existing studies to address more persistent rather than acute symptom management), regular scheduled follow-up with a medical provider every three weeks, and symptom-based treatment of post-concussive complaints (e.g., medication trials for headache and co-occurring psychiatric disorders, physical therapy for vestibular complaints, case management, and supportive counseling with social work for soldiers assigned to the Warriors-in-Transition Battalion). Study participants who are assigned to treatment arms 2, 3, or 4 will additionally receive manualized cognitive rehabilitation therapies during the 6-week treatment phase of the study. Cognitive rehabilitation treatment intensity (i.e., number of hours of treatment per week) will be matched for individuals assigned to treatment arms 2, 3, or 4. Participants assigned to the control treatment group (treatment arm 1) will be offered individualized cognitive rehabilitation therapy if their cognitive complaints do not abate following the completion of the six-week treatment trial.

Study participants will be evaluated prior to the initiation of treatment, as well as at 3-weeks, 6-weeks, 12-weeks, and 18-weeks following the start of treatment. Study evaluators will be blind to treatment assignment. Pre-treatment baseline assessments and peri-/post-treatment outcome assessments will include demographic information, injury-related variables, self-report inventories, performance on neuropsychological testing, and functional status (e.g., work status; healthcare utilization). Detailed descriptions of the data to be collected including primary and secondary outcome measures, as well as co-variate measures can be found in section 4.8: Instrumentation.
The present invention relates to a shaddock buccal tablet and a preparation method thereof. The shaddock buccal tablet comprises the following raw materials: 83 to 87 wt% of shaddock powders, 3 to 7 wt% of licorice powders, 3 to 7 wt% of loquat leaf powders, 3 to 7 wt% of platycodon root powders, 1 to 5 wt% of stevioside and 0.5 to 1.5 wt% of menthol. A whole shaddock is pulverized into paste, and pectin and pomace are separated; the pectin and the pomace are respectively dried, and the water content is controlled below 7%; after being respectively sieved, the pectin and the pomace are uniformly mixed, and after being pulverized and sieved, liquorice, loquat leaf and platycodon root are dried; then, the stevioside and the menthol are added into pectin powders, pomace powders, licorice powders, loquat leaf powders and platycodon root powders and uniformly mixed; the mixture is pressed into tablets by a tabletting machine. The shaddock buccal tablet has obvious treatment effect on bacterial acute and chronic faucitis and non-bacterial acute and chronic faucitis, has the obvious functions of clearing the pharynx and wetting the whistle, has certain bacteriostasis especially to alpha streptococcus and Neisseria avermectin and has obvious improvement functions to symptoms of pharynx dryness, tickle, pharyngalgia, etc. main symptoms and physical signs of laryngopharyngeal mucous hyperemia, edema, lymph foilicie hyperplasia of the retropharyngeal wall, secretion hyperaemia, laryngeal hyperaemia, etc. After the shaddock buccal tablet is taken, the red blood cell, the white cell, blood protein and various biochemical index values of a human body are all in the normal range, which shows that the shaddock lozenge tablet has no obvious adverse effect on the human body.
UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND : There are limited data on the feasibility of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for superficial esophageal neoplasia (SEN) located at or adjacent to esophageal varices. We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of ESD in these patients.
METHODS: This multicenter retrospective study included cirrhotic patients with a history of esophageal varices with SEN located at or adjacent to the esophageal varices who underwent ESD.
RESULTS: 23 patients with SEN (median lesion size 30 mm; 16 squamous cell neoplasia and seven Barrett's esophagus-related neoplasia) were included. The majority were Child-Pugh B (57 %) and had small esophageal varices (87 %). En bloc, R0, and curative resections were achieved in 22 (96 %), 21 (91 %), and 19 (83 %) of patients, respectively. Severe intraprocedural bleeding (n = 1) and delayed bleeding (n = 1) were successfully treated endoscopically. No delayed perforation, hepatic decompensation, or deaths were observed. During a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 36 (22-55) months, one case of local recurrence occurred after noncurative resection.
CONCLUSION: ESD is feasible and effective for SEN located at or adjacent to esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients. Albeit, the majority of the esophageal varices in our study were small in size, when expertise is available, ESD should be considered as a viable option for such patients.
The present invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation of glossy ganoderma spores and glossy privet fruit for inhibiting tumors, which is a compound of glossy ganoderma spores and glossy privet fruit. Glossy ganoderma spore powder is obtained by carrying out superfine pulverization for ganoderma lucidum spores which are selected from the glossy ganoderma of ganodermataceat at normal temperature with a physical mechanical method. Reflux extraction is carried out for glossy privet fruit by adding ethanol, the medicine dregs of ethanol extraction are obtained by filtration, and extract 1 is obtained by the vacuum concentration of filtrate. The medicine dregs of ethanol extraction are extracted by adding water, the mixture is filtered, and filtrate is concentrated into extract 2 in a vacuum mode. The extract 1 of ethanol extraction and the extract 2 of water extraction are combined and added to the glossy ganoderma spore powder after superfine pulverization. The mixture is uniformly mixed, and a powder preparation is made by vacuum drying. The compound has the excellent functions of inhibiting tumors, resisting mutation and strengthening human body immunity.
OBJECTIVE: Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is a common cause of secondary osteoporosis. However, glucocorticoid requiring diseases pose a risk themselves for fracture. The aim of the present study was to determine the risk of fracture associated with variety of glucocorticoid requiring diseases independently from glucocorticoid use and other risk factors for osteoporosis.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of a nation-wide cohort (DeFRACalc79 database). We used multivariable regression analysis adjusting for several risk factors for fracture and glucocorticoid intake to estimate the independent role of glucocorticoid requiring illnesses on fracture risk.
RESULTS: We found that patients with rheumatoid arthritis, connective tissue diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and neurological diseases were at greater risk of vertebral or hip fracture (crude ORs 1.31, 1.20, 1.92 and 2.97 respectively). After adjusting for potential confounders COPD and neurological diseases remained significantly associated with an increased risk of vertebral or hip fractures (aORs 1.33, 95 % CI 1.18-1.49 and 2.43, 95 % CI 2.17-2.74). Rheumatoid arthritis, COPD, IBD and neurological diseases also significantly increased the risk of non-vertebral, non-hip fractures (aORs 1.23, 1.42, 1.52 and 1.94 respectively).
CONCLUSION: Some glucocorticoid requiring diseases were independently associated with an increased risk of fractures. COPD and neurological diseases with both vertebral and non-vertebral fracture risk while RA and IBD were independently associated only with non-vertebral, non-hip fractures.
PURPOSE: To obtain a repeatedly usable formed article for warming human body, classified as a kind of health goods, produced by using a concrete material or a resin material in combination with a bamboo extract and capable of promoting the blood circulation and metabolism of human body by immersing the article in the bath water. CONSTITUTION: A concrete material or a resin material is used in combination with a bamboo extract at a weight ratio of (50:150):(0.5-1.5) and the obtained mixture is incorporated with a defoaming agent, water and a dye and formed in a mold. An activated mineral water prepared by contacting water with an inorganic compound under 5-30atm pressure and storing the treated water under a pressure lower than the above pressure is used as the water to be added to the constituent raw materials of the formed article or as the liquid for extracting bamboo. A number of fine and uniform bubbles are generated in the formed article by the action of silicic acid, sugar, acetic acid, glutamic acid, etc., present in the bamboo extract. The radiative heat-emission is increased by the bubbles and a body-warming effect is generated even at the deep part of the human body immersed in the bath.  There is little loss of radiative heat-emission even after repeatedly using the article several times.
PURPOSE: Proton minibeam radiation therapy (pMBRT) is an innovative radiation therapy approach that highly modulates the spatial dimension of the dose delivery using narrow, parallel, and submillimetric proton beamlets. pMBRT has proven its remarkable healthy tissue preservation in the brain and skin. This study assesses the potential advantages of pMBRT for thoracic irradiations compared with conventional radiation therapy in terms of normal tissue toxicity. The challenge here was the influence of respiratory motion on the typical peak and valley dose patterns of pMBRT and its potential biologic effect.
METHODS AND MATERIALS: The whole thorax of naïve C57BL/6 mice received one fraction of high dose (18 Gy) pMBRT or conventional proton therapy (CPT) without any respiratory control. The development of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis was longitudinally monitored using cone beam computed tomography. Anatomopathologic analysis was carried out at 9 months postirradiation and focused on the reaction of the lungs' parenchyma and the response of cell types involved in the development of radiation-induced fibrosis and lung regeneration as alveolar type II epithelial cells, club cells, and macrophages.
RESULTS: pMBRT has milder effects on survival, skin reactions, and lung fibrosis compared with CPT. The pMBRT-induced lung changes were more regional and less severe, with evidence of potential reactive proliferation of alveolar type II epithelial cells and less extensive depletion of club cells and macrophage invasion than the more damaging effects observed in CPT.
CONCLUSIONS: pMBRT appears suitable to treat moving targets, holding a significant ability to preserve healthy lung tissue, even without respiratory control or precise targeting.
Sertraline hydrochloride treatment should be initiated with a dose of 25 mg once daily. After one week, the dose should be increased to 50 mg once daily.

While a relationship between dose and effect has not been established for major depressive disorder, OCD, panic disorder, PTSD or social anxiety disorder, patients were dosed in a range of 50–200 mg/day in the clinical trials demonstrating the effectiveness of sertraline hydrochloride for the treatment of these indications. Consequently, a dose of 50 mg, administered once daily, is recommended as the initial therapeutic dose. Patients not responding to a 50 mg dose may benefit from dose increases up to a maximum of 200 mg/day. Given the 24 hour elimination half-life of sertraline hydrochloride, dose changes should not occur at intervals of less than 1 week.
FIELD: medicine, oncology. SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with treating senile patients above 60 with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of II-IV stages with massive lesion of abdominal and inguinal-femoral lymph nodes. It is suggested to inject the mixture of antitumor preparations into lymph node at rear part of patient's foot on the 1st and 8th d of therapy course at single dosages at the following composition: cyclophosphan 1200 mg, metotrexate 150 mg, and then, in turn, at the same days: prednisolon 60 mg and highly purified recombinant interferon-alpha2b - Intron A at single dosage of 9×10 6  IU; in 2-3 wk after physical and instrumental monitoring at partial regression of tumor or stabilization of process one should conduct repeated courses of endolymphatic polychemotherapy with interferon-alpha2b, if necessary, treatment should be supplemented with radiation therapy. The present innovation helps to decrease tumor size, inhibit disease progressing and improve life quality. EFFECT: higher efficiency of therapy. 1 ex
Carotid revascularization can significantly reduce the risk of stroke in patients with severe carotid stenosis; however, it has been associated with cognitive decline in 25% of the older adults who undergo the procedure. Neuroimaging techniques that characterize white matter integrity and regional hypoperfusion have the potential to provide sensitive brain structure indicators that may be associated with memory decline following revascularization procedures. In this proposal, we hope to determine the risk factors and cognitive effect of microembolization following carotid revascularization procedures.
BACKGROUND: Hepcidin is the master regulator of iron homeostasis. Hepcidin downregulation has been demonstrated in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. However, the mechanism underlying the role of hepcidin downregulation in cognitive impairment has not been elucidated.
METHODS: In the present study, we generated GFAP-Cre-mediated hepcidin conditional knockout mice (HampGFAP cKO) to explore the effect of hepcidin deficiency on hippocampal structure and neurocognition.
RESULTS: We found that the HampGFAP cKO mice developed AD-like brain atrophy and memory deficits. In particular, the weight of the hippocampus and the number of granule neurons in the dentate gyrus were significantly reduced. Further investigation demonstrated that the morphological change in the hippocampus of HampGFAP cKO mice was attributed to impaired neurogenesis caused by decreased proliferation of neural stem cells. Regarding the molecular mechanism, increased iron content after depletion of hepcidin followed by an elevated level of the inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor-α accounted for the impairment of hippocampal neurogenesis in HampGFAP cKO mice. These observations were further verified in GFAP promoter-driven hepcidin knockdown mice and in Nestin-Cre-mediated hepcidin conditional knockout mice.
CONCLUSIONS: The present findings demonstrated a critical role for hepcidin in hippocampal neurogenesis and validated the importance of iron and associated inflammatory cytokines as key modulators of neurodevelopment, providing insights into the potential pathogenesis of cognitive dysfunction and related treatments.