anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Independent of physical activity, sedentary behavior has emerged as a significant risk factor for health. Particularly, older adults spent as high as 13 h daily on sedentary activities, which account for 98% of their awake times. Although there is growing evidence revealing the potential association between sedentary behavior and urinary incontinence (UI) across populations of different ages, the relationship between sedentary behavior and urinary symptoms in older women, who are twice as likely to have UI than older men, has not been reviewed. This scoping review aimed to synthesize available evidence of the relationship between sedentary behavior and urinary symptoms in noninstitutionalized older women.
METHODS: Six electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, Ovid Nursing Database, EMBASE, and MEDLINE) were searched from their inception to April 2023. Observational and experimental studies that measured sedentary behavior using objective and/or self-reported methods in older women aged 60 + years having any type of UI, with English full texts available, were included. Relevant data, including sedentary patterns (types, definitions, measurements, and daily patterns) and UI types were tabulated. A narrative synthesis of the findings was also conducted.
RESULTS: A total of seven studies (n = 1,822) were included for review and reporting. Objective measurement showed that older women with UI were engaged in > 8 h sedentary activities daily (493.3-509.4 min/day), which accounted for 73% of their awake times. The duration of self-reported sedentary behavior was lower than the time measured objectively, and the average weekday sitting time was 300-380 min/day. With or without adjustment for confounding factors (e.g., age and number of vaginal deliveries), the daily proportion of sedentary time and average duration of sedentary bouts were positively associated with the prevalence of urgency UI. Notably, sedentary patients with UI were more likely to have lower urinary tract symptoms, including bothersome incontinence, to use incontinence products, and to have nocturia episodes, than their age-matched counterparts who were less sedentary.
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest a potential relationship between sedentary behavior and UI in older women, but the causality of the relationship remains unclear. To further inform the clinical role of sedentary behavior in the context of UI, a greater number of rigorous studies with a prospective study design is urgently needed.
Patients will receive a single dose of olaparib on Day 1, followed by initiation of bd continuous dosing from Day 2 onwards. Olaparib tablets should be taken at the same time each day (morning and evening), approximately 12 hours apart with one glass of water. The tablets should be swallowed whole and not chewed, crushed, dissolved or divided. Olaparib tablets can be taken with or without food, with the exception of Day 8 (a PK sampling day) when patients aged ≥3 years old receiving tablets should take olaparib at least 1 hour after food and should refrain from eating for up to 2 hours afterwards.
1. A fast-acting analgesic drug form comprising as analgesic substance ibuprofen in an adjuvant matrix, having a porous structure and a density of greater than 1 and up to 2.5 g/cm<3>. 2. An analgesic as claimed in Claim 1, having a density of from 1.4 to 1.9 g/cm<3>. 3. An analgesic as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, comprising as matrix adjuvant at least one melt-processable polymeric binder. 4. An analgesic as claimed in Claim 3, comprising as polymeric binder a homo- or copolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone. 5. An analgesic as claimed in Claims 1 to 4, obtainable by application of shear forces and extrusion of a mixture of ibuprofen and the matrix adjuvants. 6. An analgesic as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 6, obtainable by use of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates as matrix adjuvants. 7. An analgesic as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 6, comprising ibuprofen as racemate. 8. A process for producing an analgesic as claimed in Claim 1 to 7, by mixing the analgesic substance with the matrix adjuvants with application of shear forces and extrusion through a die with subsequent shaping, wherein the plasticized mixture is exposed to a vacuum before extrusion through the die.
To identify the differences between COVID-19-associated and non-COVID-19-associated olfactory dysfunction (OD), we analyzed demographic and clinical characteristics based on the causative virus (COVID versus non-COVID groups) in patients with post-infectious olfactory dysfunction (PIOD) who underwent the olfactory questionnaire and olfactory function test. Out of 169 patients with PIOD, 99 were diagnosed with COVID-19 (COVID group), while 70 were not (non-COVID group). The COVID group was younger and had a higher percentage of male patients as well as patients with parosmia than the non-COVID group. In the initial olfactory function tests, the TDI, discrimination and identification scores were significantly higher in the COVID group than in the non-COVID group. TDI scores were significantly increased in patients with PIOD after treatment, regardless of the group. The threshold score was significantly increased by 1.38 in the COVID group while the identification score was significantly increased by 2.67 in the non-COVID group. Patients with COVID-19-associated OD were younger in age, tended to be male, had a higher incidence of parosmia, and had better initial olfactory function test results compared to those with non-COVID-19-associated OD. Following treatment, odor detection threshold improved in the COVID group, whereas odor identification improved in the non-COVID group.
BACKGROUND: Hypermagnesemia is one of the vital electrolyte disturbances and is associated with such chronic conditions as cardiovascular, endocrinologic, renal diseases, and malignancy.
AIM: This study evaluates the association between hypermagnesemia and clinical course in hospitalized patients.
METHODS: This study was conducted at the University of Health Sciences Haseki Training and Research Hospital Internal Medicine Clinic. We evaluated a total of 3850 patients. 2130 patients have met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Those who were discharged with healing were evaluated as having a good prognosis. Patients who died or were transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) were defined as having a poor prognosis. We divided the patients' serum magnesium levels into four quartiles and examined the clinical course/conditions of the patients.
RESULTS: Of 2130 patients, 1013 (51.9%) were female. The mean age of patients with poor prognoses (69.2 ± 14.9) was higher than those with good prognoses (59.7 ± 19.1). Hypermagnesemia (4th quartile) was detected in 61 (33.9%), and hypomagnesemia (1st quartile) was found in 42 (23.3%) patients out of 180 patients with poor clinical outcomes. It was statistically significant that hypermagnesemia was more common in patients with poor prognoses (p: 0.002). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was diagnosed in 258 (53.3%) of 484 hypermagnesemia patients. Hypermagnesemia was found to be more common in patients with CKD, which was statistically significant (p: 0.003).
CONCLUSIONS: Hypermagnesemia is associated with poor prognosis independent of comorbidities. Besides hypomagnesemia, hypermagnesemia should be considered a critical electrolyte imbalance.
In making a vitamin preparation from vitamin-containing animal or vegetable tissue, finely comminuted particles of the tissue are brought into contact with an oil in which the vitamins are soluble, and water is removed from the cells in a few seconds by exposing the mixture to a rapid current of air of low humidity. Compounds which impede the destruction of vitamins and provitamins, e.g. hydroquinone, may be added.  An example is concerned with steaming carrots, disintegrating the steamed carrots in a screw chopper, mixing with 10 per cent of groundnut oil, homogenizing the mixture, and drying it, in 15 seconds, to a soft oily mass by spreading in a 2 mm. layer on a rotating drum heated to 100 DEG C and exposing the layer to an air current of velocity 20 metres per second. Specification 326,829, [Class 82], is referred to.
Healthcare-associated infections remain a persistent concern despite decades of research and intervention efforts. Adherence to infection prevention and control guidelines by health professionals remains a challenge, necessitating innovative strategies. The Positive Deviance (PD) approach, rooted in harnessing localized solutions, holds promise but lacks comprehensive frameworks and empirical validation to bolster its theoretical underpinnings. This perspective article serves a dual purpose: first, to examine the unique challenges of applying the PD approach in the context of HAIs; and second, to introduce a robust theoretical-applied model developed in response to these challenges. This article addresses these gaps through a multi-faceted model developed in a mixed-methods study across three Israeli governmental hospitals and comprises four essential components that address the identified gaps in existing research. This article enriches the dialog on PD's applicability in HAIs by providing a robust model that not only offers solutions but reshapes the approach to healthcare hygiene and safety. It responds to critical gaps highlighted in the literature, offering tailored interventions by practical, context-specific solutions to improve adherence to IPC guidelines in the long term. Methodological clarity is also a key focus, offering a toolkit for practical implementation. This bottom-up approach empowers HPs to drive change, fostering a culture of innovation and improvement in healthcare settings.
This group will consist of 78 women ages 18 to 30 who have received their third dose of vaccine three or more years ago. Recruitment of this group was completed in Sept 2012.
Parent caregivers of children who require life-saving technology such as mechanical ventilation or feeding tubes must maintain a high level of vigilance 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. They report greater levels of stress, compromised self-management behaviors and poorer psychological and physical health than other caregiver groups which dramatically increases their mortality risk. Technology-dependent children (approximately 600,000) are among the sickest and most vulnerable subset of children with complex chronic conditions in the United States. They comprise 20% of all children discharged from the hospital to home, yet account for 61% of healthcare spending for children, up to $110 billion annually. Despite the adverse consequences for caregivers, there are no interventions to meet their specific needs. Resourcefulness Training, (cognitive-behavioral self-management intervention) has been shown to improve psychological and physical outcomes, mediate the effects of stress, and enhance the care provided to care-recipients. A Resourcefulness Training Intervention (RTI) will be tested in a randomized trial against an attention control group. The RTI includes face-to-face session for teaching social (help-seeking) and personal (self-help) resourcefulness skills, ongoing web access to the RTI video and video vignettes of caregivers of technology-dependent children describing resourcefulness skill application in daily life, 4 weeks of skills' reinforcement using daily log, weekly phone calls for the first 4 weeks, and booster sessions at 2 and 4 months post enrollment. The Attention Control group will receive weekly phone calls for the first 4 weeks and at 2 and 4 months post enrollment plus any usual care. The aims of the study are to: 1) Determine whether the RTI versus Attention Control improves psychological (mental HRQoL depressive cognitions, depressive symptoms, appraised stress, burden) and physical outcomes (physical HRQoL, chronic stress \[hair cortisol\]) over 9 months in parents of technology-dependent children, after controlling for covariates (parent race/ethnicity and gender, family income, and children's functional status, type of technology). 2) Determine whether changes in psychological and physical outcomes are mediated by changes in parents' levels of resourcefulness based on intervention condition. 3) Compare self-management behavior (sleep, positive health practices) over 9 months in parents who received RTI versus Attention Control. 4) Explore whether resourcefulness is a mediator between intervention condition and self-management behaviors controlling for baseline self-management behavior over 9 months. 5) Explore the relationship between self-management behavior and parent psychological and physical outcomes based on intervention condition. Our study will be the first to test a cognitive-behavioral RTI for this caregiver population. 6) Compare target children's ER visits, hospital days over 9 months based on parent intervention condition. If shown to be efficacious, it can be replicated with other caregivers of children with complex chronic conditions with strong potential for translation into practice.
Diabetes is an important health concern worldwide. It is associated with significantly increased mortality as well as high incidence of co-morbidities. Unfortunately, treatment efficacy and successful disease management is highly variable among treated patients, and this is partly due to the fact that diabetes has multiple underlying causes most of which are still unknown. A newly identified biomarker, α-aminoadipic acid (2-AAA), has the potential to successfully predict the development of diabetes in humans, even before the development of other known risk markers. However, little is known about the function of 2-AAA; it is unclear whether 2-AAA itself causes the development of diabetes or if it is a biomarker for altered metabolic processes that then lead to diabetes.

The aim of the first phase of the study was to measure plasma 2-AAA levels from healthy individuals from the general population to identify subjects with high or low 2-AAA. Now in the second phase of the study, 80 subjects with high or low 2-AAA will be invited to participate in a dietary lysine modification study to access the effect of controlled lysine intake on plasma and urine 2AAA. Participants will be asked to complete two one-week dietary interventions. Subjects will be screened and consented via email, online, or phone. Each subject will be required to come to Vanderbilt University Medical Center for four study visits, at which the study team will obtain a blood sample, a urine sample, stool sample, vital signs, waist and hip circumference, and 1-3 surveys will be completed if the subject did not complete them prior to the visit. Each subject that completes the entire study visit will be compensated $250. DNA samples will be obtained to allow for identification of genetic predictors of 2-AAA levels. Some individuals may be asked to return for a future follow-up study.
DESIGN NARRATIVE:

The studies had several interrelated themes. One was to explore the relationships between environmental stress and blood pressure over a range of time courses, with acute laboratory studies at one extreme, and long- term prospective studies at the other. The basic model of stress included three elements: the objective nature of the stressor, the individual's perception of it, and his or her physiological susceptibility. This model incorporated elements of the Karasek Job Strain model and the Frankenhaueser effort-distress model, with two components corresponding to demand and control. A third dimension was social support. These models were tested under both laboratory and field conditions. Blood pressure was the main dependent variable, together with structural changes in the heart and carotid arteries. Five projects were included. Project l evaluated the ability of ambulatory blood pressure, and blood pressure variability, to predict cardiovascular morbidity, and also included a cross-sectional study comparing the relationships between blood pressure and target organ damage in Black and white individuals. The hypothesis that white coat hypertension is a condition associated with lower risk than sustained hypertension was also tested. Project 2 (the Work Site Blood Pressure Study) prospectively evaluated the effects of job strain and social support on blood pressure and other outcome variables in a working population. Project 3 studied psychosocial and hormonal factors influencing diurnal variations of blood pressure in women, including the changes associated with menstruation and the menopause. Project 4 (the Masked Hypertension Study) assessed the prevalence of masked hypertension (normal BP in the clinic setting, but elevated BP in one's usual environment) and its association with subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD); \~50% of the sample was re-evaluated an average of 6 years later. Project 5 (Improving the Detection of Hypertension) had repeat assessments of clinic BP, home BP and ambulatory BP in order to evaluate the test-retest reliability of each, and compare their associations with subclinical CVD.

The study was renewed in FY 1998, FY 2003 and in FY 2009 to continue follow-up and analysis.
1463567 Methylpentenoic and methylpentynoic acids INTERNATIONAL FLAVORS & FRAGRANCES Inc 22 Oct 1974 [23 Oct 1973 22 July 1974] 45613/74 Heading C2C [Also in Divisions A2 and A5] 4-Chloro-2-pentene is prepared by reacting piperylene with hydrogen chloride at 10-15‹ C. 2 - methyl - 3 - pentenoic acid isomer mixture is made by reacting the Grignard compound of 4-chloro-2-pentene in tetrahydrofuran with dry ice. The product is isolated in toluene solution with addition of HCl. 3-Pentyn-2-ol is prepared by reacting methyl magnesium chloride in tetrahydrofuran with Mapp gas (methyl acetylene/allene mixture) followed by addition of acetaldehyde. 4-Chloro-2-pentyne is prepared by reacting 3-pentyn-2-ol with PCl 3 . 2-Methyl-3-pentynoic acid. The Grignard reagent of 4-chloro-2-pentyne is prepared in tetrahydrofuran and poured on to dry ice. The product, obtained by acidification with HCl extraction with toluene is a 3 : 1 mixture of 2-methyl-3-pentynoic acid and 2-methyl-2,3- pentadienoic acid. Cis-2-methyl-3-pentenoic acid and 2-methyl-2- pentenoic acid are obtained by hydrogenating the above mixture of acids in methanol using a Pd/CaSO 4  catalyst.
Conventional model(C): Nurses give fixed-dose analgesic according to surgeons' prescription Study model(S): Nurses give initial-dose analgesic according to surgeons' prescription. In case of inadequate pain relief, another half of initial dose will be given twice at 15-min interval and acute pain service will be consulted if there is still pain.
The expected signs and symptoms with overdosage of STRIVERDI RESPIMAT are those of excessive beta-adrenergic stimulation and occurrence or exaggeration of any of the signs and symptoms, e.g., myocardial ischemia, angina pectoris, hypertension or hypotension, tachycardia, arrhythmias, palpitations, dizziness, nervousness, insomnia, anxiety, headache, tremor, dry mouth, muscle spasms, nausea, fatigue, malaise, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, and metabolic acidosis. As with all inhaled sympathomimetic medications, cardiac arrest and even death may be associated with an overdose of STRIVERDI RESPIMAT.

Treatment of overdosage consists of discontinuation of STRIVERDI RESPIMAT together with institution of appropriate symptomatic and supportive therapy. The judicious use of a cardioselective beta-receptor blocker may be considered, bearing in mind that such medication can produce bronchospasm. There is insufficient evidence to determine if dialysis is beneficial for overdosage of STRIVERDI RESPIMAT. Cardiac monitoring is recommended in cases of overdosage.
A central role for vitamin D (VD) in immune modulation has recently been recognized linking VD insufficiency to autoimmune disorders that commonly exhibit sex-associated differences. Similar to other autoimmune diseases, there is a higher incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in women, but a poorer prognosis in men, often characterized by a more rapid progression. Although sex hormones are most likely involved, this phenomenon is still poorly understood. Oxidative stress, modulated by VD serum levels as well as sex hormones, may act as a contributing factor to demyelination and axonal damage in both MS and the corresponding preclinical models. In this study, we analyzed sex-associated differences and VD effects utilizing an animal model that recapitulates histopathological features of the progressive MS phase (PMS). In contrast to relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), PMS has been poorly investigated in this context. Male (n = 50) and female (n = 46) Dark Agouti rats received either VD (400 IU per week; VD+) or standard rodent food without extra VD (VD-) from weaning onwards. Myelination, microglial activation, apoptotic cell death and neuronal viability were assessed using immunohistochemical markers in brain tissue. Additionally, we also used two different histological markers against oxidized lipids along with colorimetric methods to measure protective polyphenols (PP) and total antioxidative capacity (TAC) in serum. Neurofilament light chain serum levels (sNfL) were analyzed using single-molecule array (SIMOA) analysis. We found significant differences between female and male animals. Female rats exhibited a better TAC and higher amounts of PP. Additionally, females showed higher myelin preservation, lower microglial activation and better neuronal survival while showing more apoptotic cells than male rats. We even found a delay in reaching the peak of the disease in females. Overall, both sexes benefitted from VD supplementation, represented by significantly less cortical, neuroaxonal and oxidative damage. Unexpectedly, male rats had an even higher overall benefit, most likely due to differences in oxidative capacity and defense systems.
A self-fixing semi-permeable porous artificial scab designed for protecting eroded or damaged surfaces. It can be applied to any living entity (including plants). The polymerized web of the scab forms upon application to the damaged surface by a reaction catalyzed by the action of the enzymes released by the lysed cells. Under this protective surface, the growth of new normal cells that can breathe freely without drying is promoted. It prevents loss of water, proteins and electrolytes, protects against infection and replaces the use of gauzes or dressings that damage new skin upon being removed. The red aqueous mixture applied by brushing or spraying, which has thixotropic properties, was obtained by the physicochemical interaction of the following compounds: azosulfamide between 1 and 5 g%, gentian violet between 0.004 and 0.007 g%, dexamethasone between 0.001 and 0.003 g%, panthenol between 0.5 and 2 g% and gentamycin between 0.03 and 0.06 g%.