anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The role of alternative splicing in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is still largely unknown. We aimed to investigate the differences in alternatively splicing events between patients with mild-to-moderate and severe COPD compared with non-COPD control subjects and to identify splicing factors associated with aberrant alternative splicing in COPD. For this purpose, we performed genome-wide RNA-sequencing analysis of bronchial brushings from 23 patients with mild-to-moderate COPD, 121 with severe COPD, and 23 non-COPD control subjects. We found a significant difference in the frequency of alternative splicing events in patients with mild-to-moderate and severe COPD compared with non-COPD control subjects. There were from two to eight times (depending on event type) more differential alternative splicing events in the severe than in the mild-to-moderate stage. The severe COPD samples showed less intron retention and more exon skipping. It is interesting that the transcript levels of the top 10 differentially expressed splicing factors were significantly correlated with the percentage of many alternatively spliced transcripts in severe COPD. The aberrant alternative splicing in severe COPD was predicted to increase the overall protein-coding capacity of gene products. In conclusion, we observed large and significant differences in alternative splicing between bronchial samples of patients with COPD and control subjects, with more events observed in severe than in mild-to-moderate COPD. The changes in the expression of several splicing factors correlated with prevalence of alternative splicing in severe COPD. Alternative splicing can indirectly impact gene expression by changing the relative abundance of protein-coding isoforms potentially influencing pathophysiological changes. The results provide a better understanding of COPD-related alternative splicing changes.
A 66-year-old man underwent endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)for a polyp located in the rectosigmoid(RS)region. The pathological findings was tub1, T1a, ly0, v0, HM0 and VM0, and there were no factors indicating the need for additional treatment. Four years following the EMR procedure, a contrast-enhanced CT scan revealed an enlarged lymph node exhibiting contrast enhancement in the area of #252 lymph nodes. The patient was diagnosed with recurrent cancer, and laparoscopic high anterior resection with D3 dissection was performed. The patient had a good postoperative course and was discharged from the hospital on the seventh day after the surgery. The pathological diagnosis was a recurrence of rectal cancer characterized by an extramural tumor nodule without involvement of lymph node structures. Four courses of CAPOX were administered as adjuvant chemotherapy, and there has been no recurrence observed 2 years and 6 months after the surgery. The recurrence rate for endoscopically resected pT1a rectal cancer with no additional treatment considerations is relatively high, at 6.3%. Therefore, we consider that it is important to follow up the patient closely.
BACKGROUND: A 12-week multicomponent frailty management program - Say No To Frailty (SNTF) consisting of interactive talks and fitness exercises led by a trained program leader has shown feasibility and positive health outcomes in community-living older adults with frailty and pre-frailty in Singapore. This study aims to evaluate the clinical- and cost-effectiveness of SNTF on physical functions, self-confidence, community participation, quality of life and fall reduction in the local community setting.
METHODS: This study will use the cluster-randomization method to randomly allocate 12 participating centres into three arms. Centres under two intervention arms will conduct the same SNTF program but led by a program leader with different training backgrounds (an Allied Health Professional (AHP) v.s. a non-AHP), whereas centres under the control arm will continue their usual care without an additional intervention. Eligible participants at each participating centre will be recruited via the convenience sampling method in the community setting. Primary outcome measure (frailty level) and secondary outcome measures (e.g., physical functions, self-confidence, community participation, quality of life) will be conducted by the blinded assessors at baseline, immediate, 3 months and 9 months post-intervention. Fall data will be collected during the one-year study period. Outcomes between and within groups will be compared and analysed using STATA to evaluate the clinical effectiveness. Program costs and relevant healthcare costs during the follow-up phase will be recorded for cost-effectiveness analysis.
CONCLUSION: This study will provide significant insights into conducting SNTF for Singapore community-living older adults with frailty and pre-frailty on clinical- and cost-effectiveness. Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12621001673831.
No definitive cure for Dupuytren disease (DD) currently exists and recurrence of finger contractures after treatment is common. Surgical fasciectomy is considered the standard treatment method for patients with recurrence. However, the procedure is associated with a high incidence of complications. Injection of Collagenase Clostridium Histolyticum into Dypuytren cords causing the contracture is a non-surgical treatment for DD and has been shown to be a safe and effective method. Most studies regarding collagenase injection have involved first-time treatment. Efficacy of collagenase injection in patients with recurrent DD, beyond the immediate effect, has not yet been determined. This randomized trial will compare the outcome of surgical fasciectomy and collagenase injection in treating patients with finger joints contracture due to recurrent DD. The study is a single-center randomized controlled trial. Patients referred to an orthopedic department are screened for eligibility. The inclusion criteria are recurrence of DD in one or more fingers after previous treatment with fasciectomy, collagenase injection or needle fasciotomy, a passive extension deficit ≥30 degrees in the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and/or proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint in a previously treated finger, and a palpable cord believed to cause the recurrent contracture. A total of 56 patients will be randomized (computer-generated randomization list, stratified according to type of previous treatment and affected finger), to either surgical fasciectomy or collagenase injection. A blinded hand therapist will measure range of motion (including active and passive extension deficit) at baseline and 3 months, 12 months, 24 months and 60 months after treatment. The primary outcomes are the total active extension deficit (MCP plus PIP) at 3 months and the proportion of patients with contracture worsening ≥20 degrees in the treated finger joint at 2 years compared to 3 months. The secondary outcomes include total passive extension deficit, the 11-item disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (QuickDASH) score, EuroQol 5-dimensions (EQ-5D) index, cold intolerance symptom severity score, palmar pain score, pain visual analog scale (VAS) score, satisfaction VAS score, adverse events and costs.
Children born between 2006 and 2012, with a unilateral upper limb deformity. These children are regularly followed at CEREFAM for a unilateral upper limb deformity. During their follow-up, they were fitted with different upper limb prostheses. During a consultation with one of the CEREFAM physicians, they requested a Hero Arm prosthesis following the marketing and reimbursement in France in 2019.
BACKGROUND: Gastric electrical stimulation (GES) is used for patients with drug-refractory gastroparesis (Gp) symptoms. Approximately two-thirds of patients with Gp symptoms are either overweight or obese. We aimed to assess symptoms and nutritional status pre-GES and post-GES placement in a large sample of drug-refractory Gp patients.
METHODS: We conducted a chart review of 282 patients with drug-refractory Gp who received temporary followed by permanent GES at an academic medical center. Gastrointestinal symptoms were collected by a traditional standardized PRO (0-4, 0 being asymptomatic and 4 being worst symptoms), baseline nutritional status by BMI plus subjective global assessment (SGA score A, B, C, for mild, moderate, and severe nutritional deficits), ability to tolerate diet, enteral tube access, and parenteral therapy were assessed at baseline and after permanent GES placement.
RESULTS: Comparing baseline with permanent, GES was found to significantly improve upper GI symptoms in all quartiles. Of the 282 patients with baseline body mass index (BMI) information, 112 (40%) patients were severely malnourished at baseline, of which 36 (32%) patients' nutritional status improved after GES. Among all patients, 76 (68%) patients' nutritional status remained unchanged. Many patients with high BMI were malnourished by SGA.
CONCLUSION: We conclude that symptomatic patients of different BMIs showed improvement in their GI symptoms irrespective of baseline nutritional status. Severely malnourished patients were found to have an improvement in their nutritional status after GES therapy. We conclude that BMI, even if high, is not by itself a contraindication for GES therapy for symptomatic patients.
The control group participants underwent evaluations on the first day after 10 hours following surgery and, on the day, they were discharged from the clinic, by using pulse oximetry, sphygmometer, spirometry tests, VAS, MBDS and activity and mobility promotion (AMP). Participants in the control group were not given any information or training before or after the operation, and they were on routine hospital care.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Toll-like receptor 9 (Tlr9) is a pathogen recognition receptor detecting unmethylated DNA derivatives of pathogens and damaged host cells. It is therefore an important modulator of innate immunity. Here we investigated the role of Tlr9 in fibrogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic liver disease.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We treated mice with a constitutive deletion of Tlr9 (Tlr9-/-) with DEN/CCl4 for 24 weeks. As a second model, we used hepatocyte-specific Nemo knockout (NemoΔhepa) mice and generated double knockout (NemoΔhepaTlr9-/-) animals.
RESULTS: We show that Tlr9 is in the liver primarily expressed in Kupffer cells, suggesting a key role of Tlr9 in intercellular communication during hepatic injury. Tlr9 deletion resulted in reduced liver fibrosis as well as tumor burden. We observed down-regulation of hepatic stellate cell activation and consequently decreased collagen production in both models. Tlr9 deletion was associated with decreased apoptosis and compensatory proliferation of hepatocytes, modulating the initiation and progression of hepatocarcinogenesis. These findings were accompanied by a decrease in interferon-β and an increase in chemokines having an anti-tumoral effect.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data define Tlr9 as an important receptor involved in fibrogenesis, but also in the initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma during chronic liver diseases.
The invention discloses an application of Eryngiolide A in preparing drugs for treating liver fibrosis. Proved by pharmacological testing, the Eryngiolide A is capable of obviously inhibiting the occurrence and the development of liver fibrosis. The Eryngiolide A can be used for preparing the drugs for resisting the liver fibrosis and preventing and curing cirrhosis. The application of the Eryngiolide A in preparing the drugs for inhibiting liver fibroblast cell proliferation is disclosed for the first time. As the skeleton type of the Eryngiolide A is fire-new, and moreover, how high the activity of the Eryngiolide A inhibiting the liver fibroblast cell proliferation is unexpected, the possibility that any enlightenments are given by other compounds does not exist. The Eryngiolide A has outstanding substantive features, and meanwhile, apparently achieves a significant progress when being used for resisting the liver fibroblast cell proliferation.
Calcium sulfate composite particles for bone augmentation are disclosed. The composite particles are composed of aggregated calcium sulfate nanoparticles of a diameter from about 50 to about 800 nm, which include a mixture of calcium sulfate dihydrate and calcium sulfate hemihydrate. The composite particles have a diameter from about 200 to about 1,200 μm, and a mean half-life no less than 18 days. Further disclosed is a bone grafting material for bone augmentation. The bone grafting material includes a mixture of the calcium sulfate composite particles and a second type of calcium sulfate particles having a particle diameter from about 2 to about 60 μm, at a ratio from 1:1 to 4:1. The method of using the composite particles and the bone grafting material for bone augmentation is also disclosed.
Upper limb (UL) function is often impaired and not fully recovered after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), leading to devastating consequences and reducing quality of life. Clinicians have been encouraged to include UL rehabilitation, but existing evidence is insufficient to inform specific treatments for the TBI population. There is urgency to broaden the scientific evidence critical to advancing UL rehabilitation for TBI survivors, especially those living in the community with chronic UL impairment.

The study will examine two UL exercise programs through tele-rehabilitation (TeleRehab) techniques. Both programs are focused on functional tasks and daily activities. One program is implemented directly in the real-life home environment, the home-based arm and hand exercise (HAHE) program. The other program is delivered through simulated real-world scenarios, the exercise video game (Exergame) program. The HAHE program consists of UL exercises based on real-life activities that involve materials and objects readily available at home or easily obtained in regular stores. The Exergame program packages UL exercises into game-like activities delivered through a non-immersive virtual reality device.

Individuals with chronic UL impairment after moderate-to-severe TBI will participate in the proposed study. They will be randomly assigned to the HAHE or the Exergame program. Patients will complete 30 sessions of the assigned program over 6 weeks at home, with no immediate supervision. An occupational therapist will review the progress, assist in goal setting, and provide consultation to patients at the beginning of each week via a video call. The investigators will determine which of the programs is effective, and whether the programs lead to similar or different outcomes.
The present invention relates to Shaoshangling medicine, which belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine. The medicine is a preparation for treat various burns and the formula thereof. The medicine mainly contains more than ten traditional Chinese medicines such as raw frankincense, raw myrrh, raw rhubarb, garden burnet, etc. which are prepared into a paste or other preparations. The applications of 180 cases comprises 127 boiling water scald cases, 40 flame burn cases, 5 cases of electric burns and electrical injuries and 8 cases of burns caused by clinker of lime cement. By comparing the control groups with the experimental groups, the present invention has the following outstanding advantages of enlarged kinds of burn treatment, favourable analgesia effect, healing period reduction by more than two times, fine wound healing mostly with no obvious scar, low operating condition requirement, convenient use for hospitals at basic levels and families, and low medical cost.
All participants practiced one session a day TGT (for 40min), six days a week, for four weeks (for a total amount of 24 sessions). All patients were trained using FAC-tailored physiotherapist assistance, to allow the participant to walk with the intermittent support of one physiotherapist to help with balance and coordination (FAC 2), with the visual supervision of one physiotherapist (FAC 3), or independently without using the handrails (FAC 4). Physiotherapist assistance, and S were checked and adapted to subjects' progresses across the AlterG sessions.
PCT No. PCT/AU94/00713 Sec. 371 Date Sep. 5, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Sep. 5, 1996 PCT Filed Nov. 17, 1994 PCT Pub. No. WO95/13801 PCT Pub. Date May 26, 1995Delivery to the colon of fatty acids especially Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA) can be effected by covalently linking SCFA to a carrier that is preferably a form of carbohydrate, by an ester link. The SCFA is protected by its link with the carbohydrate through the small intestine, and where the carbohydrate is digestible in the small intestine such as a digestible starch, the starch can also be protected from digestion in the small intestine by the substitution. Levels of SCFA such as acetate, propionate and butyrate may be elevated to have beneficial effects in the prevention of colonic disorders such as rectal cancer, diverticulities, colitis, diarrhea and constipation.
Participants in the experimental arm will receive the MRK Ad5 HIV-1 gag vaccine on Day 1, Week 4 and Week 26. Participants will take their antiretroviral medications during the first 3 months of the study.
The aim of this study is to develop exercise prescription of TBI patients and then to evaluate the effectiveness of programmed aerobic exercise to improve psysical-psycho-social health such as cognitive status, 6 minutes walk test, depression relief, motivation, symptom, resilience and quality of life. This will be a randomized-controlled clinical trial, by using a mixed method to explore the feasibility and validity of such a safety exercise prescription. In the next stage, a randomized clinical control trial will be applied in TBI patients to evaluate the effectiveness of programmed aerobic exercise to promote psysical-psycho-social health such as cognitive status, 6 minutes walk test, depression relief, motivation, symptom, resilience and quality of life.
In clinical trials, suicides, suicide attempts, and suicidal ideation have been reported. Postmarketing cases of suicidal ideation and behavior as well as self-injurious ideation and new onset or worsening of depression have been reported within the first few weeks of starting MOTEGRITY [see Adverse Reactions (6.1, 6.2)]. 

A causal association between treatment with MOTEGRITY and an increased risk of suicidal ideation and behavior has not been established.

Monitor all patients treated with MOTEGRITY for new onset or worsening of depression or the emergence of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Counsel patients, their caregivers, and family members of patients to be aware of any unusual changes in mood or behavior and alert the healthcare provider. Instruct patients to discontinue MOTEGRITY immediately and contact their healthcare provider if they experience any of these symptoms.
Methadone is extensively used in the maintenance treatment of addicts and in the management of severe pain. In order to use methadone with HIV protease inhibitors correctly, it is important to evaluate and quantify interactions between the protease inhibitors and methadone.

Patients receive their usual daily dose of methadone followed with ritonavir and saquinavir, respectively, twice a day. Patients are evaluated on Day 4 for safety and tolerance, and their ritonavir dose is increased. On Day 8 patients are evaluated for a steady-state level of methadone. After 2 weeks of the protease inhibitor therapy, they return for methadone pharmacokinetic sampling at Day 15 over 24 hours. Both protease inhibitors and methadone are administered on Day 15 on an inpatient basis. On Day 30, patients are assessed for safety and tolerance.
A method of treating prostate cancer in a living mammal includes local administration of a composition that includes a therapeutically effective concentration of collagenase. In one embodiment, a method of treating prosta te cancer in a living mammal includes local administration of a composition tha t includes a therapeutically effective concentration of collagenase and at lea st one of a glycosidase, a protease, a nuclease, a lipase, an esterase, a plasminogen activator, a streptokinase, and combinations thereof. Preferably  a glycosidase, such as, for example, hyaluronidase, is administered. Compositions used in methods for treating prostate cancer can also include o r be administered with calcium ions, a nonionic surfactant, such as, for example, Triton.RTM. X-100, and an antibiotic, such as, for example, gentamicin. Another method of treating prostate cancer in a living mammal includes activating PSA in vivo by, for example, locally administering calci um ions.
OBJECTIVE: Pediatric pilocytic astrocytoma (PPA) requires prolonged follow-up after initial resection. The landscape of transitional care for PPA patients is not well characterized. The authors sought to examine the clinical course and transition to adult care for these patients to better characterize opportunities for improvement in long-term care.
METHODS: Pediatric patients (younger than 18 years at diagnosis) who underwent biopsy or resection for PPA between May 2000 and November 2022 at the authors' large academic center were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, recurrence, adjuvant therapies, and follow-up data were extracted from the electronic medical record via chart review. Charts of patients who were 18 years or older as of January 1, 2024, were reviewed for adult follow-up notes.
RESULTS: The authors identified 315 patients who underwent biopsy or resection for PPA between May 2000 and November 2022. The most common tumor location was posterior fossa (59.7%), and gross-total resection (GTR) was achieved in 187 patients (59.4%). In patients with GTR, progression/recurrence occurred less frequently (8.6% vs 41.4%, p < 0.01) compared to patients with non-GTR. Among 177 patients found to be age-eligible for transition to adult care, the authors found that 31 (17.5%) successfully transitioned. The average age at transition from pediatric to adult care was 21.7 years, and the average age at last known adult follow-up was 25.0 years. The authors found that patients who transitioned to adult care were followed longer (12.5 vs 7.0 years, p < 0.01) and were diagnosed at an older age (12.1 vs 9.6 years, p < 0.01) than their untransitioned counterparts.
CONCLUSIONS: The authors found that there was a low rate of successful transition from pediatric to adult care for PPA; 17.5% of age-eligible patients are now cared for by adult providers, whereas an additional 18.6% completed appropriate follow-up during childhood and did not require transition to adult care. These findings underscore opportunities for improvement in the pediatric-to-adult transition process for patients with PPA, particularly for those with non-GTR who were not followed for at least 10 years, during which the risk of disease progression is thought to be highest.
Cisplatin 40 mg/m2 (max = 70 mg) IV over 30-60 minutes given weekly on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 29 and 36 for a total of 6 weekly cycles. Radiation therapy over 8 weeks: External pelvic radiation therapy (41.4-45.0 Gy/1.8 Gy per fraction/23-25 fractions/five weeks), intracavitary brachytherapy (low dose: 35-43.6 Gy/1-2 implants; high dose: 18-28 Gy/2-4 implants), with parametrial boost to involved parametria (5.40 - 9.00 Gy/1.8 Gy/3-5 fractions/3-5 days).