anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Microsurgical resection for eloquent arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) remains challenging. Currently, there are only two grading systems concerning pretreatment assessment of brain AVMs: the Spetzler-Martin grading system proposed by Spetzler and Martin in 1986 and the supplementary grading system proposed by Lawton in 2010. Controversies exist regarding the treatment timing and treatment modalities for eloquent AVMs. Till now, there is no clinical trial concerning the efficacy of multimodal magnetic resonance imaging techniques in assessing the surgical risk for eloquent AVMs. The investigators assume that multimodal imaging-based grading system is superior to the classic Spetzler-Martin grading system and the supplementary grading system in predicting the surgical risk for eloquent AVMs.

This study consists of two parts: a retrospective analysis and a prospective study. Firstly, the investigators will retrospectively review the 250 AVM patients that were surgically treated at Beijing Tiantan Hospital between June 2012 and June 2015. All data of these patients were prospectively maintained in our AVM database. All these patients had preoperative functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. The investigators will collect the patient demographic data, AVM features, the least distances from the AVMs to the activated cortex as well as to the fiber tracts. The investigators will also collect the patient preoperative functional status (modified Rankin scale score, mRS) and the functional status (mRS) six months after surgery. The changes between the two functional status in mRS will be classified into two groups: those with worsened mRS (mRS score six months after surgery - presurgical mRS score \>0) and those with unchanged or improved mRS (mRS score six months after surgery - presurgical mRS score ≤0). The new grading system will be proposed based on the multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The investigators will compare the predictive accuracy of the three grading systems (the Spetzler-Martin grading system, the supplementary system and our new grading system) in assessing functional status (worsened mRS). Then in the prospective study, the investigators will enroll 400 surgically treated AVM patients from five neurosurgical centers. All patients will meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The preoperative preparation, the surgical procedures, the follow-up period, the primary outcomes and statistical analyses will be the same as those in the retrospective study part. Multimodal imaging-based system will be verified in this prospective phase. If the results demonstrate that the multimodal MRI-based grading system is superior to the Spetzler-Martin grading system and the supplementary system in predicting the functional status six months after AVM surgery, the investigators will propose the new AVM grading system in the public.
Fractures of the talus are life-changing events. The talus is of vital importance to normal gait. Given its importance, great care is needed in diagnosing and treating these injuries. The threshold for operative treatment and accurate anatomic reduction should be low. Surgical tenets include the avoidance of extensive subperiosteal dissection to minimize vascular disruption. The complications with injuries to the talus are extensive and include avascular necrosis (AVN). Although AVN can prove to be a devastating sequela from this injury, it occurs less frequently than posttraumatic arthritis.
Studies using metabolomic data have identified metabolites from several compound classes that are associated with disease-related lifestyle factors. This study identified metabolic signatures reflecting lifestyle patterns and related them to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk in the EPIC cohort. Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis related seven modified Healthy Lifestyle Index variables (diet, BMI, physical activity, lifetime alcohol, smoking, diabetes, hepatitis) to 132 targeted serum-measured metabolites, and a liver function score in a nested study of HCC with 147 case-control pairs. The association between the resulting PLS scores and HCC risk was examined in multivariable conditional logistic regression models where odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were computed. The PLS-derived lifestyle component reflected a high propensity towards healthy behaviours. Its metabolic counterpart was positively related to the following metabolites: SM(OH) C14:1, C16:1 and C22:2, and negatively to glutamate, hexoses, and PC aaC32:1. The lifestyle and metabolomics components were inversely associated with HCC risk with OR for a 1-SD increase in scores equal to 0.49(95%CI=0.35 to 0.68) and 0.28(0.18 to 0.43).

Measuring a specific metabolites panel may identify strata of the population at higher risk for HCC and can add substantial discrimination compared to questionnaire data
AIMS: Aimed to identify a new susceptibility gene associated with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) in Chinese Han and investigate the possible mechanism of that gene in PBC.
METHODS: A total of 466 PBC and 694 healthy controls (HC) were included in our study, and genotyping GTF2I gene variants by Sequenom. CD19 + B cells were isolated for Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq). Additionally, MEME-ChIP was utilized to perform searches for known motifs and de novo motif discovery. The GTF2I ChIP-seq of hematopoietic cell line (K562) results were obtained from ENCODE (GSE176987, GSE177691). The Genomic HyperBrowser was used to determine overlap and hierarchal clustering between ours and ENCODE datasets.
RESULTS: The frequency of the rs117026326 variant T allele was significantly higher in PBC patients than that in HC (20.26% compared with 13.89%, Pc = 1.09E-04). Furthermore, we observed an elevated proportion of GTF2I binding site located in the upstream and 5' UTR of genes in PBC in comparison with HC. Additionally, an in-depth analysis of IL21R region revealed that GTF2I might bind to the IL21R promoter to regulate the expression of the IL21R, with four peaks of GTF2I binding sites, including three increased binding sites in upstream, one increased binding site in 5' UTR. Motif analysis by MEME-ChIP uncovered five significant motifs. A significant overlap between our ChIP and GSE176987, GSE17769 were found by the Genomic HyperBroswer.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirmed that GTF2I was associated with PBC in Chinese Han. Furthermore, our gene function analysis indicated that IL21R may be the target gene regulated by GTF2I.
The antihypertensive effects of valsartan have been evaluated in a clinical study in pediatric patients from 6 to 16 years of age [see Clinical Studies ( 14.1) ]. The pharmacokinetics of valsartan have been evaluated in pediatric patients 1 to 16 years of age [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3)] . The adverse experience profile of valsartan was similar to that described for adults [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1)]. 

In children and adolescents with hypertension where underlying renal abnormalities may be more common, renal function and serum potassium should be closely monitored as clinically indicated.

Use of valsartan is not recommended in children less than 1 year of age. [see Nonclinical Toxicology ( 13.2)] . It is not known whether post-natal use of valsartan, before maturation of renal function is complete, has a long­-term deleterious effect on the kidney. 

No data are available in pediatric patients either undergoing dialysis or with a glomerular filtration rate less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m 2. 

Additional pediatric use information is approved for Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation's Diovan (valsartan) tablets. However, due to Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation's marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that information.
NADPH oxidase is a target of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which causes dysregulation of enzyme. Alterations in regulation of NADPH oxidase activity mediated receptor and non-receptor signaling in bone marrow granulocytes of mice with obesity-induced T2DM were studied. The animals fed high fat diet (516 kcal/100 g) for 16 weeks. NADPH oxidase-related generation of reactive species (RS) at normo- and hyperthermia was estimated using chemiluminescent analysis. The redox status of the cells was assessed by Redox Sensor Red CC-1. Baseline biochemical indicators in blood (glucose, cholesterol, HDL and LDL levels) were significant higher in T2DM mice versus controls. Using specific inhibitors, signaling mediated by formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) to NADPH oxidase was shown to involve PLC, PKC, cytochrome p450 in both control and T2DM groups and PLA2 in controls. In T2DM regulation of NADPH oxidase activity via mFpr1, a high-affinity receptors, occurred with a significant increase of the role of PKC isoforms and suppression of PLA2 participation. Significant differences between this regulation via mFpr2, low-affinity receptors, were not found. Non-receptor activation of NADPH oxidase with ionomycin (Ca2+ ionophore) or phorbol ester (direct activator of PKC isoforms) did not revealed differences in the kinetic parameters between groups at 37 °C and 40 °C. When these agents were used together (synergistic effect), lower sensitivity of cells to ionophore was observed in T2DM at both temperatures. Redox status in responses to opsonized zymosan was higher in T2DM mice at 37 °C and similar to control levels at 40 °C. ROC-analysis identified Tmax, RS production and effect of opsonized zymosan as the most significant predictors for discriminating between groups. It was concluded that Ca2+-dependent/PKC-mediated regulation of NADPH oxidase activity was altered in BM granulocytes from diabetic mice.
The utility model relates to a device of dosing of oral chemotherapeutics capsule. Device of dosing of oral chemotherapeutics capsule constitute by separable first portion and second portion. The first portion includes first blind end and first open end, has a capsule chamber in the first open end, is equipped with first pjncture needle on the first blind end, and the outside of following first blind end penetrates and get into a capsule chamber. The second portion includes to have the 2nd capsule chamber in the open end of second by the open end of second blind end and second, is equipped with the second pjncture needle on the second blind end, and the outside of following the second blind end penetrates and get into the 2nd capsule chamber. When the heading joint was opened with the second of second portion to the first open end of first portion, a capsule chamber and the butt joint of the 2nd capsule chamber formed a complete capsule chamber. The utility model has the advantages of closure, easy operation, remain less, pollution -free, can effectively solve the problem that the patient who keeps somewhere the nose stomach tube used oral chemotherapeutics capsule.
Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) have been shown to have positive effects on calcium absorption in animals and postmenopausal women. This study aims to see whether the addition of fiber in the form of GOS to a calcium-containing yogurt drink will increase calcium absorption compared to placebo in a group of girls near menarche. Secondary outcomes are to assess physical fitness and determine the relationship between physical fitness and calcium absorption in adolescent girls as well as assess changes in gut microbiota. During this three phase, randomized, controlled crossover study, participants will consume yogurt drinks supplemented with 0, 2.5 or 5 grams of GOS twice daily for three weeks. Following each three week period, participants will complete a weekend clinical visit to measure calcium absorption. Height, weight, bone density and geometry, calcium absorption, gut microbiota and physical fitness will be measured. Effects of this GOS fiber intervention may help elucidate a mechanism of action for improving bone health with fiber supplementation.
A dosage tracking device, systems and methods for tracking administration of medication can include a connector on one end to removably attach the device to a medication container. The medication container can be an original medication container including prescription and dosage information as well as the original child-proof lid. The tracking device includes a pill tracking tag connected to the connector. The tab includes manually pressable and resettable buttons disposed on the tag for tracking the administration of medication. Each button includes a button head with an upward extending protrusion and un underside extending protrusion. The button heads further include a conical portion extending from a periphery of the button heads to a rigid hold or the tab providing support for the buttons to extend through the tab. The buttons are manually pressed in and reset as individual doses of medication are taken.
Candida auris is an invasive fungal pathogen of high concern due to acquired drug tolerance against antifungals used in clinics. The prolonged persistence on biotic and abiotic surfaces can result in onset of hospital outbreaks causing serious health threat. An in depth understanding of pathology of C. auris is highly desirable for development of efficient therapeutics. Non-coding RNAs play crucial role in fungal pathology. However, the information about ncRNAs is scanty to be utilized. Herein our aim is to identify long noncoding RNAs with potent role in pathobiology of C. auris. Thereby, we analyzed the transcriptomics data of C. auris infection in blood for identification of potential lncRNAs with regulatory role in determining invasion, survival or drug tolerance under infection conditions. Interestingly, we found 275 lncRNAs, out of which 253 matched with lncRNAs reported in Candidamine, corroborating for our accurate data analysis pipeline. Nevertheless, we obtained 23 novel lncRNAs not reported earlier. Three lncRNAs were found to be under expressed throughout the course of infection, in the transcriptomics data. 16 of potent lncRNAs were found to be coexpressed with coding genes, emphasizing for their functional role. Noteworthy, these ncRNAs are expressed from intergenic regions of the genes associated with transporters, metabolism, cell wall biogenesis. This study recommends for possible association between lncRNA expression and C. auris pathogenesis.
High-LET-type cell survival curves have been observed in cells that were allowed to incorporate 125I-UdR into their DNA. Incorporation of tritiated thymidine into the DNA of cells has also been shown to result in an increase in relative biological effectiveness in cell survival experiments, but the increase is smaller than observed after incorporation of 125I-UdR. These findings are explained in the literature by the overall complexity of the induced DNA damage resulting from energies of the ejected electron(s) during the decay of 3H and 125I. Chromosomal aberrations (CA) are defined as morphological or structural changes of one or more chromosomes, and can be induced by ionizing radiation. Whether the number of CA is associated with the linear energy transfer (LET) of the radiation and/or the actual complexity of the induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) remains elusive. In this study, we investigated whether DNA lesions induced at different cell cycle stages and by different radiation types [Auger-electrons (125I), β- particles (3H), or γ radiation (137Cs)] have an impact on the number of CA induced after induction of the same number of DSB as determined by the γ-H2AX foci assay. Cells were synchronized and pulse-labeled in S phase with low activities of 125I-UdR or tritiated thymidine. For decay accumulation, cells were cryopreserved either after pulse-labeling in S phase or after progression to G2/M or G1 phase. Experiments with γ irradiation (137Cs) were performed with synchronized and cryopreserved cells in S, G2/M or G1 phase. After thawing, a CA assay was performed. All experiments were performed after a similar number of DSB were induced. CA induction after 125I-UdR was incorporated was 2.9-fold and 1.7-fold greater compared to exposure to γ radiation and radiation from incorporated tritiated thymidine, respectively, when measured in G2/M cells. In addition, measurement of CA in G2/M cells after incorporation of 125I-UdR was 2.5-fold greater when compared to cells in G1 phase. In contrast, no differences were observed between the three radiation qualities with respect to exposure after cryopreservation in S or G1 phase. The data indicate that the 3D organization of replicated DNA in G2/M cells seems to be more sensitive to induction of more complex DNA lesions compared to the DNA architecture in S or G1 cells. Whether this is due to the DNA organization itself or differences in DNA repair capability remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the rate of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) termination between 6 mg and 12 mg initial adenosine doses.
METHODS: This multi-center, retrospective cohort study evaluated patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2022 in SVT and received adenosine. The primary objective of the study is to compare the rate of SVT termination between adenosine 6 mg and 12 mg as documented on a formal electrocardiogram. Secondary endpoints include termination of SVT with subsequent adenosine dose, time to ED disposition, adverse effects, and subgroup analyses of patients with a body mass index greater than or equal to 40 kg/m2 and a history of SVT.
RESULTS: Of 213 patients included, a 6 mg initial adenosine dose was administered to 117 patients (54.9 %) and a 12 mg initial adenosine dose was administered to 96 patients (45.1 %). SVT termination following the initial dose of 6 mg or 12 mg was 56.4 % and 79.1 %, respectively (p < 0.001). Among the 46 patients who failed to terminate SVT with an initial 6 mg dose, 33 converted to sinus rhythm with a subsequent adenosine dose in comparison to 1 of the 7 patients receiving an initial dose of 12 mg (71.7 % vs 14.3 %, p = 0.007). Median time to ED disposition, either inpatient admission or discharge, was 209 and 161 min, respectively (p = 0.104). There was no statistical difference in either subgroup analyses.
CONCLUSION: A higher rate of SVT termination was observed with an initial adenosine dose of 12 mg in the ED in comparison to the guideline recommended dose of 6 mg. There were no significant differences in adverse effects observed.
Despite the high procedural success of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), 2 out of 5 older adults report poor physical performance and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in the ensuing months, particularly those with frailty. There has yet to be a trial examining the synergistic effects of exercise and protein supplementation to counteract frailty and improve patient-centred outcomes following TAVR. The PERFORM-TAVR trial is a multicentre parallel-group randomised clinical trial that is enrolling 200 frail older adults ≥ 70 years of age undergoing TAVR. Patients will be randomly allocated to 1 of 2 treatment groups: standard-of-care lifestyle education (control group) or protein-rich oral nutritional supplement for 4 weeks before TAVR with the addition of home-based supervised exercise sessions for 12 weeks after TAVR (intervention group). The primary outcome will be physical performance as measured by a blinded observer using the Short Physical Performance Battery at 3 months. Secondary outcomes at 3, 6, and 12 months will include HRQOL, as measured by the Short-Form 36 Physical and Mental Component summary scores, and a composite safety end point. The PERFORM-TAVR trial is testing a novel frailty intervention in older adults undergoing TAVR to optimise recovery and downstream HRQOL. This represents a potential paradigm shift that highlights the value of assessing and treating patients' frailty in parallel with their underlying heart valve disease. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT03522454.
PURPOSE: Breast cancer-related arm lymphedema (BCRL) is a common chronic and debilitating condition that involves accumulation of lymphatic fluid in the arm or hand. Limited data are available on BCRL in African American women. Lack of physical activity (PA) and poor physical functioning (PF) are both associated with increased morbidity and mortality among breast cancer survivors. We examined the association of BCRL with PA and PF among African American breast cancer survivors.
METHODS: 323 African American women who previously participated in a case-only study in three states (TN, GA, SC) completed a survivorship-focused questionnaire (mean: 4.2 years post-diagnosis) in 2015-2016. Validated measures were used to determine BCRL, PF, and PA. Adjusted binary logistic regression models estimated ORs and 95% CIs for the association of BCRL and meeting PA guidelines (≥ 150 min/week), while multinomial logistic regression was used for PF and PA (minutes/week) categorized based on tertiles.
RESULTS: Approximately 32% reported BCRL since diagnosis; 25.4% reported BCRL in the last 12-months. About 26% and 50% reported that BCRL interfered with exercise and ability to do daily activities, respectively. The mean PF among those with BCRL was 51.0(SD:29.0) vs. 68.5(SD:30.1) among those without BCRL. BCRL was associated with lower PF (adjusted-OR for tertile 2: 2.12(95% CI:1.03-4.36) and adjusted-OR for tertile 1: 2.93(95% CI:1.44-5.96)).
CONCLUSIONS: BCRL was associated with lower PF among long-term African American breast cancer survivors. Continued monitoring by health care professionals and increased education and behavioral interventions to support PA and improved PF among survivors living with BCRL are warranted.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trial of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

In two single cycle, open label, multinational, multicenter, comparative trials, a total of 434 normal ovulatory infertile women were randomized and received subcutaneously administered MENOPUR as part of an in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle (both trials) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycle (one of the two trials). All women received pituitary down-regulation with gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist before stimulation. Adverse Reactions occurring at an incidence of ≥ 2% in women receiving MENOPUR are shown in Table 1.

In addition, thrombophlebitis was reported in less than 1% of subjects.

In an open label, US, multicenter, comparative IVF and ICSI trial, MENOPUR and BRAVELLE were administered in the same syringe to 60 normal ovulatory infertile women. OHSS, post retrieval cramping and nausea and spontaneous abortion were the most common adverse reactions occurring at an incidence of ≥ 5% in women receiving the combination of MENOPUR and BRAVELLE.

In another open label, US multicenter, comparative trial for ovulation induction in anovulatory or oligovulatory infertile women, 76 subjects received subcutaneous or intramuscular injections of MENOPUR. The most common adverse reactions occurring at an incidence of ≥ 5% in women receiving MENOPUR were: headache; OHSS; injection site reaction, abdominal cramps, fullness and pain; and nausea.