anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a temperature-sensitive liposome capable of optionally setting release temperature of an encapsulated substance.  <P>SOLUTION: This temperature-sensitive liposome holds a polymer having a heat-responsive moiety and a hydrophobic moiety on a membrane. A block copolymer of a heat-sensitive responsive vinylic monomer containing one or more hydratable heteroatoms and a hydrophobic vinylic monomer is cited as the polymer. The liposome releases the encapsulated substance at a prescribed temperature when the temperature is raised. At least the hydrophobic moiety of the liposome is regarded as being embedded in a lipid membrane at low temperatures and the heat-sensitive responsive moiety is regarded as present on the outside of the membrane. When the temperature is raised, the heat- sensitive responsive moiety is regarded as removing water of hydration therein at a prescribed temperature, becoming hydrophobic, entering the interior of the membrane, disturbing the membrane and releasing the encapsulated substance.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease that damages motor neurons and causes gradual muscular weakening and paralysis. Although studies have linked a number of genetic and environmental factors to ALS, the specific causes and mechanisms of the disease are still unclear. The pivotal role of circular RNA in the pathogenesis of ALS is a newly emerging area of research. The term "circular RNA" describes a particular class of RNA molecule that, in contrast to most RNA molecules, has a closed-loop structure. According to recent research, circular RNA might be essential for the development and progression of ALS. It has been discovered that these circular RNAs support important cellular functions related to ALS, including protein turnover, mitochondrial function, RNA processing, and cellular transport. Gaining knowledge about the precise roles and processes of circular RNA in the development of ALS could assist in understanding the pathophysiology of the disease and possibly pave the way for the development of targeted therapies. However, the understanding of circular RNA in ALS is still limited, and more research is needed to fully elucidate its role. In order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the role of circRNAs in ALS, it is imperative to delve into the various mechanisms through which circRNAs may contribute to the development and progression of the disease. Examining the current status of circRNA research in ALS and offering insights into their potential as therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers are the primary objectives of this review.
OBJECTIVES: I. Evaluate the role of rituximab in inducing apoptosis of malignant plasma cells in patients with multiple myeloma. II. Evaluate the role of this regimen in improving the response rate to melphalan and prednisone in these patients. III. Determine whether the regimen decreases residual disease in these patients. IV. Evaluate the toxic effects of this regimen in these patients.

OUTLINE: Patients receive rituximab IV every week for 4 weeks. Treatment is repeated every 6 months for six courses. Treatment may be discontinued after four courses if uncontrolled infection occurs. Patients also receive oral melphalan and prednisone for 4 days which begin after the first course of rituximab. Treatment is repeated every 4-6 weeks for at least nine courses.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: Approximately 40 patients will be accrued for this study within 12-24 months.
Placebo foot reflexology was performed to the placebo group infants. Placebo foot reflexology application (PFRA) was constrained to ineffective touch without any stimulation and pressure. The aim of the PFRA was to create only a touch effect. It was applied by patted the foot by using the thumbs of the hand, for 20 minutes with the same rotation and to the same points as FRA. Application was performed on all infants twice a week, for a total of four times during two consecutive weeks. Between two consecutive applications, a minimum of 48 hours and a maximum of 5 days was allotted (Stone, 2011). A total of 6 follow-ups were performed during the study period.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare a cosmetic excellent in warm bathing effects and humectant effects on skin by using a refermentation product obtained by effectively utilizing a by-product formed when producing Sake (a Japanese fermented, mildly alcoholic beverage made from rice) or a waste rejected when producing a Shochu (low-class distilled spirits). SOLUTION: This cosmetic is prepared by formulating a fermentation product obtained by refermenting Sake lees or Shochu distillation by-products. The fermentation product of the Sake lees is obtained by adding water to Sake lees, fermenting the Sake lees at 5-35 deg.C for >=3 days and then filtering the fermentation product under pressure. The fermentation product of the Shochu distillation by-products is obtained by adding saccharides to the Shochu distillation by-products, fermenting the by-products at 5-35 deg.C for >=3 days and filtering the fermentation product under pressure. The liquid fermentation product, its concentrate, etc., thus obtained may directly be used as the cosmetic or an oil, a surfactant, a solvent, a humectant, etc., and may suitable be added thereto. The cosmetic is preferably used as a skin conditioning cosmetic or a bathing agent.
Abstract of the Disclosure The present invention provides processes for the production of new imidazole derivatives of the general formula I                               (I) wherein Het represents 1H-imidazol-1-yl which is unsubstituted or is substituted by lower alkyl, one of the symbols X and Y represents the epithio radical -S- or the ethenylene group -CH=CH-, and the other represents the direct bond, and n represents 1 to 4, and besides the substitution of ring A or B by the radical -CnH2n-Het, ring A is substituted by chlorine or methyl or is unsubstituted, ring B is substituted by chlori?? ???hyl or methoxy or is unsubstituted , and ring C is unsubstituted or is monosubstituted by halogen up to atomic number 35, trifluoromethyl, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or lower alkylthio, and of the mon?acid acid addition salts thereof. These new substances possess pharm?cological propert??s which are characteristic for antidepressants, and can be used for the treat-ment of mental depressions.
OBJECTIVES: Carotid arterial stenosis could be treated by surgical or percutaneous stenting. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the carotid council on the outcomes of patients with carotid artery disease.
METHODS: In this retrospective study, we analyzed the patients who had undergone carotid arterial revascularization from April 2014 to July 2022 in our hospital. All patients were evaluated in carotid council, which is constituted by neurologist, cardiologist and cardiovascular surgeon. Patient-specific treatment procedure was decided in the council. Demographics and early-term follow-up results of the patients were evaluated.
RESULTS: Totally 95 procedures in 85 patients were analyzed during the study period. 27.4 % of the patients had significant contralateral carotid arterial stenosis. In 88 (92.6%) procedures, patients were treated by carotid endarterectomy, and 5 procedures were performed under regional anesthesia. Shunt usage was 6.0% during the surgery, and arteriotomy was repaired with primary sutures in 87.3%. Stent implantation was performed in 7 patients. There were 5 neurological adverse events after the carotid endarterectomy and 2 neurological events were after carotid arterial stenting. In each treatment group, one patient died after the procedure. In the follow-up period, restenosis was observed just in a patient who was treated with carotid endarterectomy and primary repair.
CONCLUSION: Although carotid artery disease could be treated in accordance with the guidelines, treatment procedures should be patient-specific. Carotid councils might be helpful in giving patient-specific decisions, thereby providing the patient-based treatment procedure and improving the outcomes of the patients with carotid artery disease.
Multiple doses of finafloxacin once daily (o.d.) for 7 days at dose levels of 600 mg i.v.
A biologically active agent (BAA) is based on components of cell membranes (CCM) of homogenized animal tissue which consists of organic substances and has immunomodulating properties. The agent contains modified components of cell membranes with antigene structure modified during the processes of embryogenesis and/or proliferation and/or differentiation of cells, and/or during a pathology preceding or accompanying the process of regeneration and/or repatriation of the tissue. A method for obtaining BAA comprises disintegration and homogenization of a raw material based on animal tissues, subsequent centrifuging and separation of the sediment which contains cell membranes (CM) and of which, after its resuspending, the CCM is obtained. As the raw material modified animal tissues are used whose homogenate is separated from non-disintegrated tissue elements by means of filtration and/or centrifuging at the acceleration of 150-250 g during 10-15 min. and a sediment is separated which contains CM and which is subjected to hydrolysis. The hydrolysis products are filtered or centrifuged at an acceleration exceeding 1500 g during 20-40 min. with separation of supernatant of the hydrolysis products containing BAA as desired product. A pharmaceutical preparation for normalization of physiological state of human beings and animals based on the organic substances. CCM of animal tissues comprises, as active agent, BAA which contains modified CCM in the form of organic substances at the following ratio of components in per cent by weight: peptides 28.0-60.0, amino acids 0.5-31.5, carbonhydrates 16.0-70.0, lipids, nucleotides and other organic substances 0.5-17.0 with the content of BAA in the preparation equal to 0.001-85 % by weight, the balance consisting of a solvent.
Coronary artery disease continues to be the leading cause of death globally. Identifying patients who are at risk of coronary artery disease remains a public health priority. At present, the focus of cardiovascular disease prevention relies heavily on probabilistic risk scoring despite no randomized controlled trials demonstrating their efficacy. The concept of using imaging to guide preventative therapy is not new, but has previously focused on indirect measures such as carotid intima-media thickening or coronary artery calcification. In recent trials, patients found to have coronary artery disease on computed tomography (CT) coronary angiography were more likely to be started on preventative therapy and had lower rates of cardiac events. This led to the design of the SCOT-HEART 2 (Scottish Computed Tomography of the Heart 2) trial, which aims to determine whether screening with the use of CT coronary angiography is more clinically effective than cardiovascular risk scoring to guide the use of primary preventative therapies and reduce the risk of myocardial infarction.
Since the gene responsible for achondroplasia was identified in 1994, it has become possible to test for achondroplasia prenatally. Moreover, prenatal genetic testing for achondroplasia is relatively simple and is highly likely to be informative for any couple seeking testing. Four diagnostic laboratories in the U.S. are currently performing prenatal genetic testing for achondroplasia. Before prenatal genetic testing for achondroplasia becomes more widely available, however, it is essential that we learn more about the lives of affected individuals and their families, the implications of offering testing for achondroplasia, and the education and the counseling needs of this community. Personal interviews and stories have been published and discussed at national meetings (Ablon 1984). We conducted a pilot telephone interview survey of 15 individuals with achondroplasia. What is needed now is a large scale quantitative study of the community of little people and their families. To meet this need, we have developed a survey tool to analyze family relationships, quality of life, tendencies toward optimism or pessimism, information-avoiding or information-seeking behaviors, social support, involvement in Little People of America Inc. (LPA), self-esteem, sociodemographics and views on achondroplasia, religiousness, reproductive and family plans, genetic testing, and abortion. The self-administered survey will be completed nationally by a sample of persons with achondroplasia and their family members.
Sleep-enhancement of extinction memory: At the end of the third and fourth of 5 exposure therapy sessions, all participants deliver a speech designed to elicit significant social anxiety. Following this speech, this arm will be given a 2-hour sleep opportunity with polysomnographic (PSG) monitoring.
An education application was installed on the mobile phones of the experimental group. Individuals with hypertension were provided with a training for three months through the mobile application. Data collection forms were filled in by the individuals with hypertension in the experimental and controlled groups at the beginning and at the 3rd month via the mobile application.
Children in the experimental group will receive grape-flavored ibuprofen 100mg/5 mL. Ibuprofen will be dispensed at 10mg/kg (max dose 600 mg) will be dispensed Q6 hours x 9 days.
We report a case of a Morgagni hernia repaired by primary closure with an extra-abdominal suture. Moreover, we reviewed cases of laparoscopically repaired Morgagni hernia, in which the size of the hernia defect was known, to establish a size criterion for mesh utilization. An 87-year-old woman presented to our hospital with right upper abdominal pain and vomiting. She had no history of abdominal surgery or trauma. Chest radiography and computed tomography (CT) revealed a Morgagni hernia, with the stomach and transverse colon herniated into the right chest cavity. Initially, an endoscopic repair was performed for the herniated stomach due to her age, which was successful. However, she had a recurrence 2 days later, prompting us to perform a semi-emergent laparoscopic surgery. Laparoscopic examination revealed a Morgagni defect, with the omentum, transverse colon, and stomach herniated, with the stomach reduced by pneumoperitoneum. Fortunately, the herniated organs could be easily relocated into the abdomen with no adhesions. The hernia defect measured 6 x 3 cm. We performed primary closure with an extra-abdominal suture. No sac resection was performed. The operation lasted 98 min. Oral intake was initiated on postoperative day 1, and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 3 without complications. Chest radiography and CT scans at 1 month postoperatively showed no recurrence, and the patient remained asymptomatic at the 9-month follow-up examination. According to our review findings, primary closure is an efficient method for small hernia defects (rule of thumb: width, <4 cm; length, <7 cm).
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe central nervous system injury and microglia are major participants in neuroinflammation after injury. ADP-ribosylation factor-like GTPase 11 (ARL11) is a GTP-binding protein. Whether ARL11 is involved in the SCI progression is unknown. In the impactor-induced moderate SCI mouse model, ARL11 protein and mRNA expression were significantly increased in the injury site. LPS (100 ng/mL) and IFN-γ (20 ng/mL) were incubated with BV2 cells (immortalized mouse microglial cell line) to drive them into an M1-like phenotype. ARL11 up-regulation was also observed in activated microglia in SCI mice and LPS and IFN-γ treated BV2 cells. Basso Mouse Scale scores and inclined plate test revealed that ARL11 deletion promoted motor function recovery in SCI mice. Pathological examination showed ARL11 knockdown reduced spinal cord tissue damage, increased neuron numbers, and inhibited neuronal apoptosis in SCI mice. ARL11 knockdown notably inhibited IL-1β and IL-6 production in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, ARL11 deletion significantly inhibited iNOS protein and mRNA expression in vivo and in vitro, and COX-2 expression in vivo. Mechanism studies revealed that ARL11 silencing decreased phosphorylated ERK1/2 protein expression. Additionally, ELF1 knockdown significantly inhibited ARL11 protein and mRNA expression in vitro. ELF1 acted as a transcription activator in regulating ARL11 expression by binding to the promoter. In conclusion, ARL11 knockdown protects neurons by inhibiting M1 microglia-induced neuroinflammation, thereby promoting motor functional recovery in SCI mice. This may occur in part under the regulation of ELF1. Our study provides a new molecular target for SCI treatment.
Nephrotic syndrome(NS) is the most common glomerular disease in children. Approximately 45-50% of patients with nephrotic syndrome exhibit frequent relapses or are dependent on steroid therapy. Frequent relapses or steroid dependence in nephrotic syndrome have been challenging issues for clinicians. Long-term, repeated, and high-dose oral steroid use can lead to side effects such as obesity, delayed development, hypertension, diabetes, glaucoma, osteoporosis, and increased susceptibility to infections. The addition of traditional immunosuppressants such as cyclophosphamide and tacrolimus can cause severe and irreversible side effects. Therefore, exploring new drugs and their application protocols is particularly important. Telitacicept has a unique dual-target mechanism that can inhibit B cell maturation and differentiation at multiple stages, thereby inhibiting B cell activity. Clinical studies have confirmed its significant efficacy in various kidney diseases, such as lupus nephritis, IgA nephropathy, and adult recurrent minimal change nephrotic syndrome; moreover, it has good safety profiles.

Therefore, through this prospective, single-center, open-label clinical trial, we aim to evaluate whether telitacicept provides superior efficacy compared to existing conventional treatment regimens for childhood frequent relapse (FR) or steroid-dependent (SD) nephrotic syndrome (NS), and assess its safety profile. Our goal is to provide an optimized treatment plan for childhood FRNS or SDNS.
Lenalidomide will be administered daily continuously for a 28-day cycle at a starting dose of 10 mg. If lenalidomide is tolerated well (i.e. no dose modification required) during the first three cycles, lenalidomide dose will be increased to 15 mg daily and will continue until patient progresses or experiences an unacceptable toxicity.
The invention provides a water/oil/water duplex emulsion in which the external continuous phase is gelled. This gelling is obtained by having an osmotic pressure component, e.g. an electrolyte, in the internal aqueous phase which draws water from the external phase through the oil phase. The structure is firm but contains a considerable volume of available aqueous phase. The structure is of value in e.g. foods and cosmetics.
AIMS: To describe the clinical features, imaging characteristics, histopathology, treatment and outcomes of intraocular medulloepithelioma.
METHODS: Medical records of 11 patients with clinically or histopathologically confirmed medulloepithelioma were retrieved and reviewed. Clinical features, diagnostic challenges, imaging characteristics, management, histopathology and prognosis were assessed.
RESULTS: The median age of the patients at initial diagnosis was 4 years, with the most common manifestations being leukocoria (five eyes), loss of vision (four eyes), ocular pain (one eye) and ophthalmic screening (one eye). The clinical signs include a grey-white ciliary body lesion, cataract or lens subluxation, secondary glaucoma and evident cysts. The ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) imaging most commonly displays ciliary body mass with intratumoural cysts (nine eyes). Three patients underwent surgery for cataract or glaucoma while the tumours were incidentally found. Two of the three patients managed by eye preserve treatments eventually required enucleation because of local tumour recurrence or phthisis. One patient treated with intra-arterial chemotherapy and cryotherapy had successful tumour regression and globe salvage.
CONCLUSIONS: Initial misdiagnosis, delay in diagnosis and subsequent misdirected management is not uncommon in medulloepithelioma. The presence of multiple cysts in the tumour and retrolental neoplastic cyclitic membrane detected by UBM can offer certain information. Selective intra-arterial melphalan may prevent further tumour growth, but longer follow-up is necessary until treatment efficacy is fully evaluated.
Control Treatment Condition (CT): Participants in CT will attend four sessions equal in time and length to Group Motivational Interviewing (GMI) (i.e., 90 minutes) and will involve the following topics: A popular 'box activity': participants will anonymously write evocative questions on slips of paper involving their personal concerns that are placed in a box and, when randomly selected, opened for group discussion (e.g., "How do I talk to my family about my alcohol problem?"), money management with feedback (2 sessions), and cooking-home maintenance.
No single treatment significantly reduces the mortality rate and improves neurological outcomes after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). New evidence suggests that pyroptosis-specific proteins are highly expressed in the perihaematomal tissues of patients with ICH and that the disulfiram (DSF) inhibits pyroptosis. An ICH model was established in C57BL/6 mice by intracranial injection of collagenase, after which DSF was used to treat the mice. Cell model of ICH was constructed, and DSF was used to treat the cells. HE, TUNEL, Nissl, FJC and IF staining were performed to evaluate the morphology of brain tissues; Western blotting and ELISA were performed to measure the protein expression of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)/Caspase-1/gasdermin D (GSDMD) classical pyroptosis pathway and Toll-likereceptor4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) inflammatory signaling pathway and blood‒brain barrier-associated factoes, and the wet/dry weight method was used to determine the brain water content. The expression of proteins related to the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway and the TLR4/NF-κB pathway was upregulated in tissues surrounding the haematoma compared with that in control tissues; Moreover, the expression of the blood-brain barrier structural proteins occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) was downregulated, and the expression of Aquaporin Protein-4 (AQP4) and matrix metalloprotein 9 (MMP-9) was upregulated. DSF significantly inhibited these changes, reduced the haematoma volume, decreased the brain water content, reduced neuronal death and degeneration and improved neurological function after ICH. ICH activated the classical pyroptosis pathway and TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway, disruped the expression of blood-brain barrier structural proteins, and exacerbated brain injury and neurological dysfunction. DSF inhibited these changes and exerted the therapeutic effects on pathological changes and dysfunction caused by ICH.