anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Low protein diet (LPD) seems beneficial in ameliorating the complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD), in reducing proteinuria and the decline in kidney function, thus postponing the need for kidney replacement therapy (KRT). However, this type of intervention was less investigated in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). This is a single-center, prospective, interventional study that aims to assess the efficacy of reducing proteinuria and the rate of decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Patients with advanced DKD (stable proteinuria > 3 g/g and eGFR < 30 mL/min) with a good nutritional status and accepting a LPD were evaluated for inclusion. Ninety-two of the 452 screened patients (66% males, median age 61 years, proteinuria 4.8 g/g creatininuria, eGFR 11.7 mL/min/1.73 m2) completed the study. Intervention consisted of LPD supplemented with ketoanalogues of essential amino acids (KA) along with conventional nephroprotective therapy. Efficacy parameters were the variation in proteinuria and in eGFR from baseline to the end of the study. Proteinuria decreased 3-fold, and the rate of decline in eGFR decreased 5-fold in the intervention phase. No patient initiated KRT or died. LPD supplemented with KA seems effective in safely postponing KRT by reducing proteinuria and the decline in kidney function in advanced DKD.
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic synthetic chemistry, and discloses a diversity-oriented synthetic method of rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric 1, 3-diyne and conjugated eneyne compounds. The asymmetric 1, 3-diyne and conjugated eneyne compounds have structures shown in the following formula (I) and formula (II), respectively. The two classes of target compounds are prepared according to the following steps: alkynol (1 equivalent), silver triflate (1.5 equivalent), 5mol% dichloro (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) rhodium (III) dimer ([ Cp ] RhCl  2 ] 2 ) were added sequentially to a dry Schlenk flask, DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide) was used as solvent, and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours under argon atmosphere (the reaction process was monitored by TLC or LC-MS). After completion of the reaction, ethyl acetate (15 ml x 3) was added to extract three times, and the organic phases were combined and washed twice with saturated brine (10 ml x 2). The organic phase is collected, dried by anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate is separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography after spin-drying, and finally the asymmetric 1, 3-diyne and conjugated eneyne compounds are obtained. The method realizes diversity-oriented synthesis of the asymmetric 1, 3-diyne and conjugated eneyne compounds, and has the characteristics of mild conditions, simplicity and convenience in operation and the like.
AYACS randomly assigned to this arm will immediately play the Shadow's Edge Game following enrollment for a duration of 7 weeks. Following the designated 7-week game-play period, they will continue to have access to the game. They will continue to receive all usual care health care throughout and following the study.
The present invention is directed to a design of and a method to synthesize polycations for gene (DNA and RNA) delivery. According to this design, the polycations (also said cationic polymers) are formed by polymerization of endogenous monomers bearing sufficient amino groups through degradable bonds with linker molecules. The amino group-bearing monomers are those naturally existing or nontoxic to human body. The linker molecules are those which are not only degradable to nontoxic fragments but also able to release the amino group-bearing monomers in their native state upon degradation. Some examples for the endogenous amino group-bearing monomers are spermine and spermidine (or their derivatives). Examples for the degradable chemical bonds formed between the amino group-bearing monomers are imines. In order to improve degradability or proton sponging effect, low pKa (<8) amino group(s), free amino groups generated by polymer degradation (such as those generated by degradation of imine linkages), or other electron donating group(s) such as imidazole, pyrazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, or even benzene is incorporated in the linker between the two (or three) reactive groups for linking the amino group-bearing monomers. These polycationic carrier systems can be used for nano-encapsulation and transfection of gene materials.
The embodiment of the invention provides a euglena health care medicine. The euglena health care medicine comprises, by weight, 60-90% of euglena, 5-20% of ginseng and 5-20% of cordycepin. The embodiment of the invention further discloses a euglena health care capsule. The euglena health care capsule comprises the euglena health care medicine and a capsule shell, wherein the euglena health care medicine is packaged in the capsule shell. The embodiment of the invention further provides a preparation method of the euglena health care capsule. The preparation method comprises the steps that dry euglena powder, dry ginseng powder and dry cordycepin powder are sufficiently and evenly mixed and then placed into the capsule shell; or euglena particles, ginseng particles and cordycepin particles are sufficiently and evenly mixed and then placed into the capsule shell. By the adoption of the euglena health care medicine, the euglena health care capsule and the preparation method thereof, a chronic disease can be effectively prevented, use is safe and reliable, the curative effect is remarkable, and the price is low.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating hypertension and hyperlipidemia and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from 90-180 parts of folium apocyni veneti, 150-220 parts of the root of kudzu vine and 140-180 parts of hawthorn slices. The traditional Chinese medicine composition preparation is medicinal vinegar or tablets or particles or capsules. According to the traditional Chinese medicine composition, blood pressure is reduced through folium apocyni veneti, hawthorns and aged vinegar; blood fat is reduced through hawthorns and the aged vinegar; flavonoid constituents and puerarin of the root of kudzu vine are rich, so that plasma renin activity and angiotensin are remarkably reduced, and blood pressure is reduced. Thus, folium apocyni veneti, the root of kudzu vine and hawthorns are adopted as main raw materials, in addition, the aged vinegar is adopted as an ingredient added to enhance the efficacy of medicine to treat hypertension and hyperlipidemia, and the treatment effect of the traditional Chinese medicine composition is remarkable. The composition is used for treating hypertension and hyperlipidemia, the treatment effect is remarkable, safety and effectiveness are achieved, and the composition can be used for a long time.
The invention discloses a carbapenem-resistant high-viscosity klebsiella pneumoniae lytic phage and application thereof. The invention separates a new bacteriophage from southwest hospital sewage by a double-layer agar method, and the bacteriophage can crack 92.59% (25/27) of carbapenem-resistant high-viscosity klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strains. The transmission electron microscope photograph shows that the phage has symmetrical head and short tail, indicating that the phage belongs to the family of short tail phages. The incubation period is about 10 minutes, the burst quantity is about 200PFU/cell, and the titer of phage is kept stable in the environment with pH value of 4.0-11.0 and temperature of 4-45 ℃. The genome is linear dsDNA, the full length of the genome is 40539bp, the genome contains 42 open reading frames, and no drug resistance genes, virulence genes or genes encoding rRNA, tRNA and integrase are found to be carried. The phage can be applied to the treatment of carbapenem-resistant high-viscosity klebsiella pneumoniae blood flow infection.
Antihypertensive chocolate comprises a high percentage of cocoa components, where the cocoa varieties exhibit a high content of polyphenol. The cocoa powder is de-theobromized comprising extracting theobromide/caffeine and hypertensive active ingredients, filtering, and strongly reducing or bounding. The chocolate is optionally constructed with an additional antihypertensive, natural food additive. ACTIVITY : Hypotensive. No biological data given. MECHANISM OF ACTION : None given.
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common in patients with heart failure (HF). Real-world data about long-term outcomes and rhythm control interventions use in AF patients with and without HF remain scarce.
METHODS: AF patients from two prospective, multicentre studies were classified based on the HF status at baseline into: HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), HF with reduced or mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF/HFmrEF), and no HF. The prespecified primary outcome was risk of HF hospitalisation. Other outcomes of interest included mortality, cardiovascular events, AF progression, and quality of life.
RESULTS: A total of 1265 patients with AF were analysed (mean age 69.6 years, women 27.4%) with a median follow-up of 5.98 years. Patients with HFpEF (n = 126) had a 2.69-fold and patients with HFrEF/HFmrEF (n = 308) had a 2.12-fold increased risk of HF hospitalisation compared to patients without HF (n = 831, p < 0.001). Similar results applied for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. The risk for AF progression was higher for patients with HFpEF and HFrEF/HFmrEF (6.30 and 6.79 per 100 patient-years, respectively) compared to patients without HF (4.20). The use of rhythm control strategies during follow-up was least in the HFpEF population (4.56 per 100 patient-years) compared to 7.74 in HFrEF/HFmrEF and 8.03 in patients with no HF. With regards to quality of life over time, this was worst among HFpEF patients.
CONCLUSIONS: The presence of HFpEF among patients with AF carried a high risk of HF hospitalisations and AF progression, and worse quality of life. Rhythm control interventions were rarely offered to HFpEF patients. These results uncover an unmet need for enhanced therapeutic interventions in patients with AF and HFpEF.
Salivary amylase, heart rate variability, Spielberger state-trait inventory are assessed on the morning of surgery, on the surgical ward, and repeated in the operating room, before performing spinal anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia use hyperbaric bupivacaine (11 mg), sufentanil (5 µg) and morphine (100 µg). Prophylactic treatment of hypotension uses a continuous infusion of ephedrine (0.6 mg/ml) and phenylephrine (10 µg/ml). Rate of the continuous infusion is adapted to keep maternal systolic blood pressure between 95-105% of preinduction values. Total dose of ephedrine and phenylephrine infused from spinal anesthesia to delivery of the newborn is recorded (about 20 minutes for the estimated time frame). Association between stress markers and total dose of vasoactive drugs will be tested with the Spearman's correlation coefficient.

The study is observational. The subjects do receive a therapeutic intervention but the investigator does not assign patients to this intervention since this intervention is a routine care (spinal anesthesia for planned cesarian section) that would have been performed in the absence of the study.
Of the 4553 patients who received epoetin alfa in the 6 studies for treatment of anemia due to CKD not receiving dialysis, 2726 (60%) were age 65 years and over, while 1418 (31%) were 75 years and over. Of the 757 patients who received epoetin alfa in the 3 studies of CKD patients on dialysis, 361 (47%) were age 65 years and over, while 100 (13%) were 75 years and over. No differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between geriatric and younger patients. Dose selection and adjustment for an elderly patient should be individualized to achieve and maintain the target hemoglobin [see Dosage and Administration (2)].

Among 778 patients enrolled in the 3 clinical studies of epoetin alfa for the treatment of anemia due to concomitant chemotherapy, 419 received epoetin alfa and 359 received placebo. Of the 419 who received epoetin alfa, 247 (59%) were age 65 years and over, while 78 (19%) were 75 years and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between geriatric and younger patients. The dose requirements for epoetin alfa in geriatric and younger patients within the 3 studies were similar.

Among 1731 patients enrolled in the 6 clinical studies of epoetin alfa for reduction of allogeneic RBC transfusions in patients undergoing elective surgery, 1085 received epoetin alfa and 646 received placebo or standard of care treatment. Of the 1085 patients who received epoetin alfa, 582 (54%) were age 65 years and over, while 245 (23%) were 75 years and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between geriatric and younger patients. The dose requirements for epoetin alfa in geriatric and younger patients within the 4 studies using the 3 times weekly schedule and 2 studies using the weekly schedule were similar.

Insufficient numbers of patients age 65 years or older were enrolled in clinical studies of epoetin alfa for the treatment of patients treated with zidovudine for HIV infection to determine whether they respond differently from younger patients.
INTRODUCTION: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), approved by the US FDA for obesity treatment, are typically administered subcutaneously, an invasive method leading to suboptimal patient adherence and peripheral side effects. Additionally, this route requires the drug to cross the restrictive blood-brain barrier (BBB), limiting its safety and effectiveness in weight management and cognitive addiction disorders. Delivering the drug intranasally could overcome these drawbacks.
AREAS COVERED: This review summarizes GLP-1 RAs used as anti-obesity agents, focusing on the intranasal route as a potential pathway to deliver these biomolecules to the brain. It also discusses strategies to overcome challenges associated with nasal delivery.
EXPERT OPINION: Nose-to-brain (N2B) pathways can address limitations of the subcutaneous route for GLP-1 RAs. However, peptide delivery to the brain is challenging due to nasal physiological barriers and the drug's physicochemical properties. Innovative approaches, such as cell permeation enhancers, mucoadhesive systems, and nanocarriers in nasal formulations, along with efficient drug delivery devices, show promising preclinical results. Despite this, successful preclinical data does not guarantee clinical effectiveness, highlighting the need for comprehensive clinical investigations to optimize formulations and fully utilize the nose-to-brain interface for peptide delivery.
(see ). It is important that hydrocodone polistirex and chlorpheniramine polistirex extended-release oral suspension is measured with an accurate measuring devicePRECAUTIONS, Information for Patients

The dosing cup is provided with the 4 fl. oz. (115 mL) packaged product. The dosing cup fills for a 2.5 mL and for a 5 mL dose. Instruct the patient to fill to the line for the dose that has been prescribed. Do not fill over the dose prescribed. Rinse with water after each use.

For prescriptions where a dosing device is not provided, a pharmacist can provide an appropriate measuring device and can provide instructions for measuring the correct dose. A household teaspoon is not an accurate measuring device and could lead to overdosage.

Each 5 mL of hydrocodone polistirex and chlorpheniramine polistirex ER oral suspension contains hydrocodone polistirex equivalent to 10 mg hydrocodone bitartrate, and chlorpheniramine polistirex equivalent to 8 mg chlorpheniramine maleate. Shake well before using. Rinse the measuring device with water after each use.

Shake well before using.
Patients with MET amplification receive X396 225mg PO QD on days 1-28. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Pediatric: The pharmacokinetics of INNOPRAN XL have not been investigated in patients younger than 18 years of age.

Geriatric: The pharmacokinetics of INNOPRAN XL have not been investigated in patients older than 65 years. In a study of 12 elderly (62 to 79 years old) and 12 young (25 to 33 years old) healthy subjects administered immediate-release propranolol, the clearance of the S-enantiomer of propranolol was decreased in the elderly. Additionally, the half-lives of both R- and S-propranolol were prolonged in the elderly compared with the young (11 hours versus 5 hours).

Gender: In a dose-proportionality study, the pharmacokinetics of INNOPRAN XL were evaluated in 22 male and 14 female healthy volunteers. Following single doses under fasting conditions, the mean AUC and Cmax were about 49% and 16% higher for females across the dosage range. The mean elimination half-life was longer in females than in males (11 hours versus 7.5 hours).

Race: A study conducted in 12 white and 13 African-American male subjects taking immediate-release propranolol showed, at steady state, the clearance of R- and S-propranolol were about 76% and 53% higher in African-Americans than in whites, respectively.

Renal Impairment: The pharmacokinetics of propranolol after administration of INNOPRAN XL have not been evaluated in patients with renal impairment. In a study conducted in 5 patients with chronic renal failure, 6 patients on regular dialysis, and 5 healthy subjects, who received a single oral dose of 40 mg of propranolol, the peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) of propranolol in the chronic renal failure group were 3- to 5-fold (161±41 ng/mL) those observed in the dialysis patients (47±9 ng/mL) and in the healthy subjects (26±1 ng/mL). Propranolol plasma clearance was also reduced in the patients with chronic renal failure. 

Chronic renal failure has been associated with a decrease in drug metabolism via down regulation of hepatic cytochrome P450 activity.

Propranolol is not significantly dialyzable.

Hepatic Impairment: The pharmacokinetics of propranolol after administration of INNOPRAN XL have not been evaluated in patients with hepatic impairment. However, propranolol is extensively metabolized by the liver. In a study conducted in 7 patients with cirrhosis and 9 healthy subjects receiving 80 mg oral propranolol every 8 hours for 7 doses, the steady-state unbound propranolol concentration in patients with cirrhosis was 3-fold that of controls. In cirrhosis, the half-life increased to 11 hours compared to 4 hours.
G-quadruplexes (G4s) form throughout the genome and influence important cellular processes. Their deregulation can challenge DNA replication fork progression and threaten genome stability. Here, we demonstrate an unexpected role for the double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) translocase helicase-like transcription factor (HLTF) in responding to G4s. We show that HLTF, which is enriched at G4s in the human genome, can directly unfold G4s in vitro and uses this ATP-dependent translocase function to suppress G4 accumulation throughout the cell cycle. Additionally, MSH2 (a component of MutS heterodimers that bind G4s) and HLTF act synergistically to suppress G4 accumulation, restrict alternative lengthening of telomeres, and promote resistance to G4-stabilizing drugs. In a discrete but complementary role, HLTF restrains DNA synthesis when G4s are stabilized by suppressing primase-polymerase (PrimPol)-dependent repriming. Together, the distinct roles of HLTF in the G4 response prevent DNA damage and potentially mutagenic replication to safeguard genome stability.
NEW MATERIAL:The vinyl monomer of formula I (R1 is H or methyl; R2 is alkylene). USE:Useful as a polymerizable monomer used in the composition of e.g. polymeric surfactant, anticoagulant, etc. Also useful as a component of copolymer when used in combination with other polymerizable monomer. PREPARATION:The compound of formula I can be prepared by reacting acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with an alkylenediamine at <=10 deg.C. For example, the compound of formula II which is one of the compound of formula I can be produced by the reaction of acrylic acid with ethylenediamine under ice cooling, or the compound of formula III is produced by reacting methacrylic acid with 1,3-propanediamine.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Our objective was to define phenotypes of non-lesional late-onset epilepsy (NLLOE) depending on its presumed aetiology and to determine their seizure and cognitive outcomes at 12 months.
METHODS: In all, 146 newly diagnosed NLLOE patients, >50 years old, were prospectively included and categorized by four presumed aetiological subtypes: neurodegenerative subtype (patients with a diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease) (n = 31), microvascular subtype (patients with three or more cardiovascular risk factors and two or more vascular lesions on MRI) (n = 39), inflammatory subtype (patient meeting international criteria for encephalitis) (n = 9) and unlabelled subtype (all individuals who did not meet the criteria for other subtypes) (n = 67). Cognitive outcome was determined by comparing for each patient the proportion of preserved/altered scores between initial and second neuropsychological assessment.
RESULTS: The neurodegenerative subtype had the most severe cognitive profile at diagnosis with cognitive complaint dating back several years. The microvascular subtype was mainly evaluated through the neurovascular emergency pathway. Their seizures were characterized by transient phasic disorders. Inflammatory subtype patients were the youngest. They presented an acute epilepsy onset with high rate of focal status epilepticus. The unlabelled subtype presented fewer comorbidities with fewer lesions on brain imaging. The neurodegenerative subtype had the worst seizure and cognitive outcomes. In other groups, seizure control was good under antiseizure medication (94.7% seizure-free) and cognitive performance was stabilized or even improved.
CONCLUSION: This new characterization of NLLOE phenotypes raises questions regarding the current International League Against Epilepsy aetiological classification which does not individualize neurodegenerative and microvascular aetiology per se.
The Test Group receives 18 half-hour AMES (Assisted Movement with Enhanced Sensation) treatments with the AMES device (Test) in which the hand or wrist is moved, and the subject assists the motion while vibration (60 pulses/sec) is applied to the lengthening muscle. Sessions to be scheduled preferably 2 to 3 times per week, with the 18 sessions to be completed within the 6 month anniversary date of the subject's stroke.
Lymph node metastasis (LNM) detection can be automated using artificial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostic tools. Only limited studies have addressed this task for colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to develop of a clinical-grade digital pathology tool for LNM detection in CRC using the original fast-track framework. The training cohort included 432 slides from one department. A segmentation algorithm detecting 8 relevant tissue classes was trained. The test cohorts consisted of materials from 5 pathology departments digitized by 4 different scanning systems. A high-quality, large training data set was generated within 7 days and a minimal amount of annotation work using fast-track principles. The AI tool showed very high accuracy for LNM detection in all cohorts, with sensitivity, negative predictive value, and specificity ranges of 0.980 to 1.000, 0.997 to 1.000, and 0.913 to 0.990, correspondingly. Only 5 of 14,460 analyzed test slides with tumor cells over all cohorts were classified as false negative (3/5 representing clusters of tumor cells in lymphatic vessels). A clinical-grade tool was trained in a short time using fast-track development principles and validated using the largest international, multi-institutional, multiscanner cohort of cases to date, showing very high precision for LNM detection in CRC. We are releasing a part of the test data sets to facilitate academic research.