anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
An intraruminal sustained release capsule is capable of delivering a sustained release dose of a first medicament to an animal, as well as either or both of a dump dose of a second medicament or mineral, and an exit dose of a third medicament or mineral. The capsule can have a dissolvable overcap moulded from plasticised starch enabling a dump dose of medicament to be held between the overcap and one end of the capsule. A piston within the body of the capsule can be modified to enable it to accommodate an exit dose of medicament within its hollow interior which is aligned with an aperture at the end of the capsule which enables release of the medicaments to the rumen. After insertion of the capsule in the animal the overcap (if present) dissolves and separates from the capsule to release the dump dose of medicament. The sustained release medicament is then dispensed via the apertured end, followed by the release of the exit dose of medicament (if present). Monopoly for this application is directed to the piston with a hollow central sleeve to assist in locating a biasing spring, while monopoly for the parent application 578771 is directed to the overcap forming a void space, with both embodiments typically usable together.
This prospective, open-label, single-center, randomized, fellow-eye, investigator-sponsored clinical study seeks to investigate the incidence of PME in diabetic patients with any level of background diabetic retinopathy undergoing cataract surgery treated with a 0.4mg dexamethasone intracanalicular insert when compared to standard of care prednisolone acetate 1% QID/1 week, TID/ 1 week, BID/ 1 week, QD/1 week. Topical NSAIDs will not be used in this study and all patients will receive an intracameral injection of moxifloxacin at the end of the surgical procedure. After screening a patient for inclusion and exclusion criteria, and gaining informed consent, each eye will undergo cataract surgery on separate days. The second eye will be operated on within 60 days of the first eye's surgery. One eye will be randomized to receive the dexamethasone insert using a coin flip. The other eye will be prescribed a prednisolone acetate 0.1% eye drop QID/ 1 week, TID/ 1 week, BID/1 week, QD/ 1 week regimen. The dexamethasone insert will be placed 2-4 days before surgery (Day -4 to Day-2) and those randomized to receive prednisolone acetate will start 2-4 days before surgery. After surgery, each eye will be followed for a period of approximately 60 days, consisting of four post-op follow-up visits (eight total post-op visits per patient). Primary and secondary endpoints will be assessed alongside standard-of-care procedures at all study visits . Adjusting for the enrollment period, the study will last a total of approximately 12 months.
OBJECTIVES: I. Compare disease-free survival and overall survival of postmenopausal women with node-positive, estrogen and/or progesterone receptor-positive adenocarcinoma of the breast randomly assigned to postoperative adjuvant treatment with long-term (5 years) tamoxifen vs. CAF (cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin/fluorouracil) plus concurrent and long-term tamoxifen vs. CAF followed by long-term tamoxifen. II. Compare the relative toxicities of these three regimens.

OUTLINE: Randomized study. All patients are randomized on Arms I, II, and III. Lumpectomy patients must receive radiotherapy on Regimen A. At the discretion of the physician, mastectomy patients may receive radiotherapy on Regimen B for a tumor greater than 5 cm in diameter, 4 or more positive nodes, or extranodal extension of the tumor into the axillary fat. Patients randomized to Arm I who are to receive radiotherapy should begin as soon as feasible postoperatively; these patients may be irradiated while receiving tamoxifen. Patients on Arms II and III who are to receive radiotherapy are treated either postoperatively prior to registration or after completion of and recovery from 6 courses of CAF. Arm I: Antiestrogen Therapy. Tamoxifen, TMX, NSC-180973. Arm II: 3-Drug Combination Chemotherapy followed by Antiestrogen Therapy. CAF: Cyclophosphamide, CTX, NSC-26271; Doxorubicin, DOX, NSC-123127; Fluorouracil, 5-FU, NSC-19893; followed by TMX. Arm III: 3-Drug Combination Chemotherapy plus Concurrent Antiestrogen Therapy. CAF; plus concurrent TMX. Regimen A: Radiotherapy. Irradiation of the breast and underlying chest wall and (optionally) of the supraclavicular area and, if indicated, the axilla, using megavoltage equipment with photon energies of up to 6 MV followed, if indicated, by a tumor bed boost using either electrons or iridium-192 (192-Ir) implants. Regimen B: Radiotherapy. Irradiation of the chest wall using either megavoltage photons via a tangential field or electrons via a direct field plus (optional) photon irradiation of the supraclavicular area and, if indicated, the axilla.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: 350 patients will be randomized to Arm I and 530 patients each will be randomized to Arms II and III. Accrual should be completed in about 4 years, and 4 additional years will be required for follow-up.
Cerebrovascular diseases are a major cause of stroke and dementia, both requiring long-term care. These diseases involve multiple pathophysiologies, with mitochondrial dysfunction being a crucial contributor to the initiation of inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress, resulting in injuries to neurovascular units that include neuronal cell death, endothelial cell death, glial activation, and blood-brain barrier disruption. To maintain brain homeostasis against these pathogenic conditions, brain immune cells, including border-associated macrophages and microglia, play significant roles as brain innate immunity cells in the pathophysiology of cerebrovascular injury. Although microglia have long been recognized as significant contributors to neuroinflammation, attention has recently shifted to border-associated macrophages, such as perivascular macrophages (PVMs), which have been studied based on their crucial roles in the brain. These cells are strategically positioned around the walls of brain vessels, where they mainly perform critical functions, such as perivascular drainage, cerebrovascular flexibility, phagocytic activity, antigen presentation, activation of inflammatory responses, and preservation of blood-brain barrier integrity. Although PVMs act as scavenger and surveillant cells under normal conditions, these cells exert harmful effects under pathological conditions. PVMs detect mitochondrial dysfunction in injured cells and implement pathological changes to regulate brain homeostasis. Therefore, PVMs are promising as they play a significant role in mitochondrial dysfunction and, in turn, disrupt the homeostatic condition. Herein, we summarize the significant roles of PVMs in cerebrovascular diseases, especially ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and dementia, mainly in correlation with inflammation. A better understanding of the biology and pathobiology of PVMs may lead to new insights on and therapeutic strategies for cerebrovascular diseases.
The circadian timing of energy intake (EI) has emerged as a key factor in the regulation of body weight. Studies have suggested that eating meals later in the evening or during the biological night when the circadian system is promoting sleep adversely influences the success of weight loss therapy. In contrast, restricting EI to a short window during waking hours and extending the length of the overnight fast (i.e., time restricted feeding, TRF) may be a practical and useful strategy for promoting weight loss and weight maintenance. However, potential benefits of adding TRF to a weight loss program have yet to be evaluated in a well-controlled clinical study. The overall objective of this proposal is to provide a foundation to inform the design of a future large-scale trial to evaluate the efficacy of TRF in generating weight loss. The investigators overall hypothesis is that feasibility, adherence, and acceptability of a weight loss intervention using TRF in the setting of a reduced calorie diet (RCD) - RCD+TRF - will be similar to compliance with an intervention using a reduced calorie diet alone (RCD), suggesting acceptability for a future large-scale trial. In this 12-week pilot and feasibility study, 30 overweight and obese individuals will be randomized 1:1 to RCD+TRF (EI restricted to a 10-hour window starting 1 hour from habitual waking time) or standard RCD (no restriction on feeding duration). Additional follow-up will occur at 6 months to collect pilot data on weight maintenance. Measures include feasibility, acceptability and adherence to the interventions, body weight, body composition (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)), EI (smart phone application), physical activity (PA, accelerometery), glucose variability (continuous glucose monitoring, CGM), sleep (questionnaires and polysomnography), and nocturnal substrate metabolism (room calorimetry). The specific aims (SA) are as follows:

Specific Aim 1a. To evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a 12-week TRF intervention compared to a standard dietary weight loss intervention (i.e. RCD). Feasibility of enrollment and retention, and acceptability of the intervention will be assessed in adults with obesity meeting inclusion/exclusion criteria proposed for the future large-scale trial. The investigators will assess adherence to the weight loss programs, as measured objectively with a novel smartphone application and verified with CGM data, and subjectively with the use of questionnaires.

Specific Aim 1b. To assess the efficacy of RCD+TRF compared to RCD alone in producing weight loss at 12 weeks and reducing the risk of weight regain after 6 months of follow-up.
BACKGROUND: Commonly used preoperative nomograms predicting clinical and pathological outcomes in prostate cancer (PCa) patients have not been yet validated in high-grade only PCa patients. Our objective is to perform an external validation of the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) preoperative nomogram as a predictor of lymph node invasion (LNI) in a cohort of high-grade PCa patients.
METHODS: We included patients with high-grade PCa (Gleason ≥8) treated at our institution between 2011 and 2020 with radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection without receiving neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) was used to quantify the accuracy of the model to predict LNI. A calibration plot was used to evaluate the model's precision, and a decision curve analysis was computed to evaluate the net benefit associated with its use. This study was approved by our institution's ethics board.
RESULTS: A total of 242 patients with a median age of 66 (60-71) years were included. LNI was observed in 70 (29%) patients with a mean of 16 (median = 15; range = 2-42) resected nodes. The MSKCC nomogram discriminative accuracy, as evaluated by the AUC-ROC was 79.0% (CI: [0.727-0.853]).
CONCLUSION: The MSKCC preoperative nomogram is a good predictor of LNI and a useful tool associated with net clinical benefit in this patient population.
In two identically designed, three-year, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter studies (United States and Multinational; n=994), discontinuation of therapy due to any clinical adverse experience occurred in 4.1% of 196 patients treated with alendronate sodium 10 mg/day and 6.0% of 397 patients treated with placebo. In the Fracture Intervention Trial (n=6459), discontinuation of therapy due to any clinical adverse experience occurred in 9.1% of 3236 patients treated with alendronate sodium 5 mg/day for 2 years and 10 mg/day for either one or two additional years and 10.1% of 3223 patients treated with placebo. Discontinuations due to upper gastrointestinal adverse experiences were: alendronate sodium, 3.2%; placebo, 2.7%. In these study populations, 49 - 54% had a history of gastrointestinal disorders at baseline and 54 - 89% used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or aspirin at some time during the studies. Adverse experiences from these studies considered by the investigators as possibly, probably, or definitely drug related in ≥1% of patients treated with either alendronate sodium or placebo are presented in the following table.

Rarely, rash and erythema have occurred.

One patient treated with alendronate sodium (10 mg/day), who had a history of peptic ulcer disease and gastrectomy and who was taking concomitant aspirin developed an anastomotic ulcer with mild hemorrhage, which was considered drug related. Aspirin and alendronate sodium were discontinued and the patient recovered.

The adverse experience profile was similar for the 401 patients treated with either 5 or 20 mg doses of alendronate sodium in the United States and Multinational studies. The adverse experience profile for the 296 patients who received continued treatment with either 5 or 10 mg doses of alendronate sodium in the two-year extension of these studies (treatment years 4 and 5) was similar to that observed during the three-year placebo-controlled period. During the extension period, of the 151 patients treated with alendronate sodium 10 mg/day, the proportion of patients who discontinued therapy due to any clinical adverse experience was similar to that during the first three years of the study.

In a one-year, double-blind, multicenter study, the overall safety and tolerability profiles of once weekly alendronate sodium 70 mg and alendronate sodium 10 mg daily were similar. The adverse experiences considered by the investigators as possibly, probably, or definitely drug related in ≥1% of patients in either treatment group are presented in the following table.
Patients complete physical measurements every 6 months and complete questionnaires annually for 5 years. Patients are followed up annually in years 5-10.
Background: the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted people's behaviors and mental health around the world. Aim: to verify the mediating role of physical activity (PA) level in the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and anxiety and depression symptoms in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study with Brazilian adults aged ≥ 18 years (N = 2000, 59.6 % women) selected by the nonprobabilistic snowball method through digital means of communication (WhatsApp®, Telegram®, Facebook®, Twitter®, e-mails). Linear regression models were fitted for PA level mediation analyses in the relationship between BMI and anxiety/depression symptoms. Results: significant differences were found between the active/not overweight group and the other three groups (active/overweight, insufficiently active/not overweight and insufficiently active/overweight [p < 0.001]) for anxiety/depression after adjusting for age, sex, chronic diseases, alcohol consumption, and smoking. When testing the mediating role of daily PA in the association between BMI and anxiety/depression symptoms, BMI was negatively associated with daily PA in the first regression equation (p < 0.001); in the second, BMI was positively related to anxiety/depression symptoms (p < 0.001); and in the third, daily PA showed an inverse relationship with anxiety/depression symptoms (p < 0.001), and although BMI remained negatively associated with anxiety/depression symptoms, these associations maintained their statistical significance. Conclusions: the results suggest that the effect of BMI on anxiety and depression was partially mediated by daily PA.
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important cash crop cultivated under rain-fed conditions where it contributes a significant proportion of Ethiopia's foreign exchange earnings. However, its productivity is constrained by drought stress. The present study aimed to evaluate the agromorphological and yield performance of sesame varieties and to identify drought tolerant varieties using drought tolerance indices. The sesame varieties were evaluated under well-watered (WW) and water-stressed (WS) field conditions with a factorial design laid down in randomized complete block design in three replications. The results revealed the presence of a significant variation in agromorphological traits and drought tolerance indices due to water levels, varieties and their interactive effect. On average, a 21.8, 49.6, 48.4, 47.9 and 21.7% reduction was recorded in plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf width and relative growth rate (RGR), respectively under WS condition. Similarly, a significant reduction was found in shoot biomass, root biomass, biological yield, number of pods per plant and seed yield under WS condition. These traits showed an average reduction of 52.2, 72.5, 54.0, 51.9 and 52.8%, respectively compared to WW condition. The highest yield reduction was recorded from wollega under WS condition, while the lowest was from abasena. Wollega variety produced the highest seed yield (kg/ha) under WW condition, while gondar-1 and humera-1 had the highest yield in kg/ha under WS condition. Under both water levels, abasena produced the lowest yield (kg/ha). Moreover, gondar-1 and humera-1 varieties had a comparatively higher values of stress tolerance index (STI), yield stress score index (YSSI), yield potential score index (YPSI), geometric mean productivity (GMP) and mean productivity (MP) that are significantly and positively correlated with yield under WS, indicating higher yield performance under water stress. The biplot analysis clustered the varieties as low yielding (abasena) and relatively above average performing varieties (humera-1, gondar-1 and wollega). According to the rank sum of all indices, humera-1 was identified as drought tolerant, while abasena as the most susceptible and low yielding varieties. Thus, humera-1 followed by gondar-1 were found to be drought tolerant and high yielding varieties. However, further studies focusing on drought tolerance mechanisms of the varieties are recommended.
In induction phase, patients will be randomized in two groups, one is OBR and another is BR. Patients in OBR group will receive rituximab 375 mg/m² IV on day 1, bendamustine 90 mg/m² IV on day 1 and 2, and orelabrutinib 150mg/day PO once daily, every 28 day per cycle for 6 cycles.
Vitamin C 300 mg/day, TID, PO. Reishi, 2 g/day, BID, PO. Cordyceps, 2 g/day, BID, PO.
A kit and method is disclosed to facilitate the transferring of a prosthetic appliance to the skin of a wearer. The kit includes first and second transfer portions, which may be provided in combined form. The first transfer portion includes a prosthetic appliance and a release film. The second transfer portion includes a transfer substrate, an adhesive layer and a release coat therebetween. The second transfer portion may include a seal layer disposed between the adhesive layer and the release coat. The kit may include a package portion which may non-adhesively restrain the other components so as to protect and display the prosthetic while enabling the package portion to be opened without causing damage to the remainder of the kit. A method for producing the kit is disclosed and involves the use of a cavity mold and respective retainer plate to produce the requisite transfer portions.
Limited health literacy is high among patients with chronic kidney disease, which can pose challenges in health care. Evidence of health literacy in Indonesia, particularly regarding patients undergoing hemodialysis, is lacking. In this study, we aimed to explore health literacy in adult patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. An inductive qualitative study was conducted. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 adult patients undergoing hemodialysis, four family caregivers, and four healthcare professionals. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically. Three themes emerged from the data: "Trying to understand the illness," "searching and obtaining health information," and "applying health information." Understanding and accepting the illness included raising awareness of the changes in their lives and accepting these changes. Participants actively sought information from healthcare professionals and other sources and used it carefully. Behavioral changes included patients' adherence to therapy, although participants often felt bored during the illness trajectory. Understanding the illness and being willing to seek and critically evaluate health information before implementing it are important. These aspects may affect patient outcomes and require further intervention and research.
The study was designed because patients have a lot of pain after they have a UPPP. Certain drugs called steroids may lessen the pain associated from this surgery. This study uses Dexamethasone (a corticosteroid), to see if it will help reduce pain, decrease the amount of time until the patient can begin to eat or return to normal activity, or increase their satisfaction with pain management. In this study the patients will be randomized (computer chosen) to receive either the study drug (dexamethasone), or a placebo. The patient will start the day before surgery with a single pill. They will then receive the dexamethasone or a placebo twice daily for the next four days and then once daily for the next two days for a total of seven days. Afterward, they will be asked to complete a questionnaire. The five questions ask patients to access the amount of pain they have, how much of their normal diet or activity they have returned to, and how much pain medication they have taken. At the next follow-up visit they will be asked to complete another questionaire (9 questions) about the patient's satisfaction with pain management.
Motivational Interviewing (MI) will be a 60-90 minutes individual session.The focus is on establishing rapport and building motivation. The counselor explores youth's reasons for entering treatment, prior treatment experience, previous attempts to change use, possible goals for treatment, substance effect expectancy, and perceptions of self-efficacy. A personalized feedback report outlines assessment results, highlights any problems or concerns related to cigarette use expressed by teen, and compares tobacco use levels with national norms for same age and gender peers.
The Lung Flute arm participants were instructed to blow twice in to the Lung Flute device vigorously enough to make the reed oscillate, followed by 5 normal breaths. This was repeated 10 times, followed by 3 huff coughs to complete 1 cycle. Two such cycles were recommended twice a day. One of these cycles was performed under supervision of the study personnel at the time of enrollment and at each subsequent study visit. Baseline COPD medication regimen was continued in all participants, although the primary physicians of the participants could make medically necessary changes. Chest physical therapy, additional breathing exercises and formal pulmonary rehabilitation programs were not prescribed to any of the participants during the study.