anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Females with perinatal HIV (PHIV) infection are at elevated risk for anogenital high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection. Limited data are available around the effect of the HPV vaccination after initiation of sexual activity among PHIV youth. This study aims to assess the impact of a bivalent HPV vaccination on the persistence of anogenital HR-HPV among sexually active female PHIV youth and matched HIV-negative controls aged 12-24years in Thailand and Vietnam.
METHODS: During a 3-year study, prevalent, incident, and persistent HR-HPV infection were assessed at annual visits. A subset of participants received a bivalent HPV vaccine. Samples were taken for HPV testing from the vagina, cervix, and anus. HR-HPV persistence was defined as the detection of the same genotype(s) at any anogenital compartment over≥two consecutive visits.
RESULTS: Of the 93 PHIV and 99 HIV-negative female youth enrolled in this study, 25 (27%) PHIV and 22 (22%) HIV-negative youth received a HPV vaccine. Persistent infection with any HR-HPV type was significantly lower among PHIV youth who received the vaccine compared to those who did not (33%vs 61%, P =0.02); a difference was not observed among HIV-negative youth (35%vs 50%, P =0.82). PHIV infection (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 2.31, 95% CI 1.45-3.67) and not receiving a HPV vaccine (aPR, 1.19, 95%CI 1.06-1.33) were associated with persistent anogenital HR-HPV infection.
CONCLUSIONS: Bivalent HPV vaccination after initiation of sexual activity was associated with reduced persistence of anogenital HR-HPV infection in Southeast Asian PHIV female youth, which may be related to vaccine cross-protection. Primary and catch-up HPV vaccinations should be prioritised for children and youth with HIV.
Participants received Delamanid 100 milligrams (mg) (2x50 mg tablets), orally, twice daily (BID) along with at least 4 additional anti-TB medications per optimized background regimen (OBR) from Week 0 to Week 26. Participants were administered OBR as directed by the given investigator based on WHO guidelines and clinical judgment.
BACKGROUND: Patients with an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) can experience pouch inflammation postoperatively. The use of antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) biologics may be associated with pouch inflammation, but limited data exist on the impact of multiple advanced therapies on development of subsequent pouch inflammation. The aim of this study was to assess for an association between preoperative use of multiple advanced therapies and risk of endoscopically detected inflammatory pouch diseases (EIPDs).
METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of ulcerative colitis (UC) and indeterminate colitis (IBDU) patients who underwent an IPAA at a quaternary care center from January 2015 to December 2019. Patients were grouped based on number and type of preoperative drug exposures. The primary outcome was EIPD within 5 years of IPAA.
RESULTS: Two hundred ninety-eight patients were included in this analysis. Most of these patients had UC (95.0%) and demonstrated pancolonic disease distribution (86.1%). The majority of patients were male (57.4%) and underwent surgery for medically refractory disease (79.2%). The overall median age at surgery was 38.6 years. Preoperatively, 68 patients were biologic/small molecule-naïve, 125 received anti-TNF agents only, and 105 received non-anti-TNF agents only or multiple classes. Ninety-one patients developed EIPD. There was no significant association between type (P = .38) or number (P = .58) of exposures and EIPD, but older individuals had a lower risk of EIPD (P = .001; hazard ratio, 0.972; 95% confidence interval, 0.956-0.989).
CONCLUSION: Development of EIPD was not associated with number or type of preoperative advanced therapies.
The present invention provides a cosmetic composition containing an ultra-thin carbon (UTC) material having a surface diameter of 5-50 μm, which is a plate type material made from graphite and having 1-10 molecular layers. When the cosmetic composition is coated on the skin, a coating having a thin layer-laminated structure of UTC material is formed and active ingredients of the cosmetic composition are disposed between layers of the UTC material. The thin layer-laminated structure shapes a coating film of the cosmetic composition on the skin, thereby having structural effects of making the active ingredients of the cosmetic composition useful for a long time and exhibiting excellent physical properties (spreading property on the skin, moisturizing property, UV barrier property, skin activating function, etc.) through a synergy effect. The physical properties of UTC itself, the structural properties due to the inclusion of UTC, and the synergy effect can maximize the functionalities of the existing cosmetic products. Therefore, various novel cosmetic products meeting needs of consumers, that is, moisturizing cosmetics, functional cosmetics, UV barrier creams, whitening cosmetics, anti-wrinkle cosmetics, acne cosmetics, cosmetics for atopic dermatitis, and decorative cosmetics, can be put on the market.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease characterized by immune cell infiltration and cartilage damage. The local lesion of RA shows severe oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. For drug therapy, the efficacy of agents, such as methotrexate (MTX), may be greatly limited, resulting from the low bioavailability, immune clearance, and toxic side effects. A nanocarrier (TA-PBA NPs) was developed with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, combined with MTX to prepare nanomedicine (MTX NPs) for synergistic treatment of RA. Moreover, inspired by the biological functions homing to inflammation lesion of macrophages, the biomimetic nanomedicine camouflaged with macrophage membrane (MM@MTX NPs) was constructed. TA-PBA NPs could timely promote MTX release in response to the overaccumulated ROS to exhibit high anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities for alleviating RA progression. The experimental results confirmed that MM@MTX NPs could significantly reduce the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α) while significantly increasing the typical anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10), promote the phenotype transformation of macrophages from M1 to M2, and up-regulate the Nrf2-keap1 pathway-related proteins (HO-1 and NRF2) to positively regulate the local inflammation for effectively inhibiting RA development. Thus, MM@MTX NPs represent a possible candidate as a safe and efficient nanotherapy platform for RA management.
The appearance of mood and behavioral symptoms during pregnancy and the postpartum period has been extensively reported. While there has been much speculation about possible biologically based etiologies for postpartum disorders (PPD), none has ever been confirmed. Preliminary results from two related studies (protocols 90-M-0088, 92-M-0174) provide evidence that women with menstrual cycle related mood disorder, but not controls, experience mood disturbances during exogenous replacement of physiologic levels of gonadal steroids. The present protocol is designed to create a scaled-down hormonal milieu of pregnancy and the puerperium in order to determine whether women who have had a previous episode of postpartum major affective episode will experience differential mood and behavioral effects compared with controls and to determine whether it is the abrupt withdrawal of gonadal steroids or the prolonged exposure to gonadal steroids that is associated with mood symptoms. Supraphysiologic plasma levels of gonadal steroids will be established, maintained, and then rapidly reduced, simulating the hormonal events that occur during pregnancy and parturition. This will be accomplished by administering estradiol and progesterone to women who are pretreated with a gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist (Lupron). After eight weeks, administration of gonadal steroids will be stopped in one group of patients and controls, and a sudden decline in the plasma hormone levels will be precipitated. Another group will be maintained on supraphysiologic levels of estradiol and progesterone for an additional month. Outcome measures will include mood, behavioral, and hormonal parameters.
The health-care white spirit is prepared by blending six traditional Chinese medicinal materials into the white spirit, and has no medicinal smell and white spirit taste. 500 g of 42-degree high-quality white spirit is prepared with 1 g of prepared rehmannia root, 0.3 g of momordica grosvenori, 0.1 g of salvia miltiorrhiza, 0.3 g of codonopsis pilosula, 0.2 g of astragalus root and 2 g of dried orange peel. Six ingredients rehmannia wine: the six-ingredient rehmannia wine has the effects of tonifying the kidney, the lung, the heart and the liver, nourishing the blood and soothing the nerves, treating weakness of the spleen and the stomach, clearing heat and cooling blood, tonifying the five internal organs, generating essence and blood, benefiting ears and eyes, promoting blood circulation, nourishing kidney water and yin, reducing weight and prolonging life after being taken for a long time. Has effects of clearing heat, cooling blood, promoting fluid production, relieving cough, smoothing intestine, removing toxic substances, caring skin, moistening lung, eliminating phlegm, resisting aging, reducing blood lipid and reducing weight. The orange juice adjusts the taste and the fragrance of the wine and increases various vitamins. 1 g of prepared rehmannia root, 0.3 g of momordica grosvenori, 0.1 g of salvia miltiorrhiza, 0.3 g of codonopsis pilosula, 0.2 g of astragalus and 2 g of dried orange peel are blended into 500 g of high-quality liquor with the alcohol content of 42 degrees. Storing for 20 days in a sealed manner. Not more than 100 g of wine is drunk every day.
Hypertension accounts for more cardiovascular disease related deaths than any other modifiable risk factor. While exercise training can be effective at reducing blood pressure in some individuals, many people do not respond to exercise training, and many more are unwilling to undergo regular exercise training. Alternative options need to be explored. This is a clinical trial to determine whether 30 sessions of heat therapy in the form of hot water immersion is better than 30 sessions of traditional aerobic exercise training on blood pressure reduction in people with elevated blood pressure (hypertension). The investigators will evaluate known biomarkers of cardiovascular health. It is hypothesized that heat therapy will be superior to exercise training on blood pressure reduction.
OBJECTIVE: Intracranial complications of acute bacterial sinusitis are rare pathologies that occur in children, and are associated with significant neurological morbidity and mortality. There is a subjective concern among neurosurgeons that the incidence of this rare disease has increased since the onset of the novel COVID-19 pandemic. The primary objective of this study was to review the presentation and management of patients admitted at the authors' institution with intracranial extension of sinusitis, to better understand the local disease burden relative to the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS: This is a single-center retrospective observational cohort study. The patients underwent neurosurgical intervention for intracranial extension of sinusitis between January 1, 2007, and March 1, 2023. The historical cohort was defined as those patients who presented prior to March 2020. Clinical covariates such as surgical and microbiological data were collected and analyzed.
RESULTS: A total of 78 patients (55 historical, 23 new) were included; they had a median age of 11.7 years and a male predominance of 69.2%. There was a significant increase in the annual rate of neurosurgical intervention for suppurative intracranial extension of acute bacterial sinusitis after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, with an average of 4.2 cases per year prior to March 2020 compared to 7.7 cases per year after that date (p = 0.013). This increase was largely driven by the unprecedented case volume of 13 cases in 2022. Patients in the new cohort were older (p = 0.009) and more likely to have Pott's puffy tumor/frontal bone osteomyelitis (p = 0.003) at the time of presentation than patients in the historical cohort. Patients in the new cohort had lower rates of readmission within 30 days of discharge than those in the historical cohort (p = 0.047). In both cohorts, patients with seizure on presentation were more likely to have neurological sequelae at last follow-up (p = 0.004), which occurred at a median of 2.9 months after discharge.
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians encountering pediatric patients presenting with persistent symptoms of acute bacterial sinusitis must have a high index of suspicion for suppurative intracranial extension. Prompt neuroimaging and subsequent neurosurgical intervention are critical to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment. The results in this study show a significant increase in the number of neurosurgical interventions for suppurative intracranial extension of sinusitis per year after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Further research is needed to understand the underlying pathophysiology of this clinical phenomenon.
Oxidative stress and inflammation significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Persistent inflammatory stimuli drive the progression of myocardial fibrosis and impaired cardiac function. Phloridzin (Phl), a natural compound, demonstrates both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Nevertheless, its therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms in DCM remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms through which Phl inhibited myocardial fibrosis and exerted its antioxidative effects. The impact of Phl on DCM was evaluated using a high-fat/high-sugar diet combined with streptozotocin to induce an animal model and an in vitro H9C2 cell model stimulated by high glucose (HG). Untargeted metabolomics identified potential mechanisms underlying myocardial fibrosis. Phl treatment significantly enhanced left ventricular ejection fraction (EF%) and shortening fraction (FS%), while reducing myocardial injury markers, such as lactate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase-MB, and suppressing myocardial collagen fiber accumulation. Simultaneously, Phl attenuated myocardial inflammation via inhibition of MyD88/NF-κB signaling, modulated the Nrf2/GPX4 axis to counter oxidative stress, and mitigated ferroptosis. In vitro, Phl inhibited high glucose-induced myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis in H9C2 cells, while also repressing NF-κB activation in cardiomyocytes. Metabolomic profiling revealed that Phl ameliorated DCM through modulation of glycerophospholipid metabolic pathways, linking these metabolic shifts to enhanced antioxidant capacity, thereby reflecting its ability to reduce oxidative stress in the myocardium. Collectively, Phl provides cardioprotective effects by alleviating inflammation and oxidative damage.
PURPOSE: An external use skin composition containing pine root extract is provided to remove free radical, to protect cellular membrane damage, and to suppress reactive oxygen species(ROS). CONSTITUTION: An external use skin composition contains pine root extract. The composition is used for anti-aging, and cell protection by promoting HSP70 generation. The external use skin composition contains 0.001-99 weight% of pine root extract based on total weight. The composition further contains cosmetically and dermatologically acceptable medium and/or substrate. The composition is used in the form of solution, gel, solid, emulsion, suspension, microemulsion, microcapsule, cream, skin, lotion, or spray. The composition is used for anti-aging and skin regeneration.
Identification of clinically positive pelvic lymph node metastases (cN+) in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer is currently challenging, as the diagnostic accuracy of available imaging modalities is limited. Conventional CT is still considered the gold-standard approach to diagnose lymph node metastases in these patients. The development of innovative diagnostic methods including radiomics, artificial intelligence-based models and molecular biomarkers might offer new perspectives for the diagnosis of cN+ disease. With regard to the treatment of these patients, multimodal strategies are likely to provide the best oncological outcomes, especially using induction chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection in responders to chemotherapy. Additionally, the use of adjuvant nivolumab has been shown to decrease the risk of recurrence in patients who still harbour ypT2-T4a and/or ypN+ disease after surgery. Alternatively, the use of avelumab maintenance therapy can be offered to patients with unresectable cN+ tumours who have at least stable disease after induction chemotherapy alone. Lastly, patients with cN+ tumours who are not responding to induction chemotherapy are potential candidates for receiving second-line treatment with pembrolizumab.
The significance of gut microbiota in regulating animal immune response to viral infection is increasingly recognized. However, how chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) exploits host immune to disturb microbiota for its proliferation remains elusive. Through histopathological examination, we discovered that the hindgut harbored the highest level of CBPV, and displayed visible signs of damages. The metagenomic analysis showed that a notable reduction in the levels of Snodgrassella alvi and Lactobacillus apis, and a significant increase in the abundance of the opportunistic pathogens such as Enterobacter hormaechei and Enterobacter cloacae following CBPV infection. Subsequent co-inoculation experiments showed that these opportunistic pathogens facilitated the CBPV proliferation, leading to accelerated mortality in bees and exacerbation of bloated abdomen symptoms after CBPV infection. The expression level of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) was found to be significantly up-regulated by over 1000 times in response to CBPV infection, as demonstrated by subsequent transcriptome and quantitative real-time PCR investigations. In particular, through correlation analysis and a bacteriostatic test revealed that the AMPs did not exhibit any inhibitory effect against the two opportunistic pathogens. However, they did demonstrate inhibitory activity against S. alvi and L. apis. Our findings provide different evidence that the virus infection may stimulate and utilize the host's AMPs to eradicate probiotic species and facilitate the proliferation of opportunistic bacteria. This process weakens the intestinal barrier and ultimately resulting in the typical bloated abdomen.
BACKGROUND: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) complicated by refractory ventricular fibrillation (VF) is associated with poor outcome. Beta-1-receptor selective blockade might overcome refractory VF and improve survival. This trial investigates the efficacy and safety of prehospital landiolol in OHCA and refractory VF.
METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial, patients with OHCA and recurrent or refractory VF (at least 3 defibrillation attempts and last rhythm shockable), pretreated with epinephrine and amiodarone, were allocated to receive add-on treatment with landiolol or placebo. Landiolol was given as a 20 mg bolus infusion. The primary efficacy outcome was time from trial drug infusion to sustained return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Safety outcomes included the onset of bradycardia and asystole.
RESULTS: A total of 36 patients were enrolled, 19 were allocated to the landiolol group and 17 to the placebo group. Time from trial drug infusion to sustained ROSC was similar between treatment groups (39 min [landiolol] versus 41 min [placebo]). Sustained ROSC was numerically lower in the landiolol group compared with the placebo group (7 patients [36.8%] versus 11 patients [64.7%], respectively). Asystole within 15 min of trial drug infusion occurred significantly more often in the landiolol group than in the placebo group (7 patients [36.8%] and 0 patients [0.0%], respectively).
CONCLUSION: In patients with OHCA and refractory VF who are pretreated with epinephrine and amiodarone, add-on bolus infusion of landiolol 20 mg did not lead to a shorter time to sustained ROSC compared with placebo. Landiolol might be associated with bradycardia and asystole.
Eggerthella lenta is an obligate anaerobic, Gram-positive bacilli, belonging to the human microbiota of gastrointestinal and female reproductive tracts, oral cavity and prostate gland. In this article, we aim to describe clinical and microbiological characteristics of seven E. lenta strains causing bacteremia. We conducted a descriptive retrospective study including all E. lenta strains causing bacteremia, from February 2019 to August 2023 at the Basurto University Hospital. Seven patients were included in the study with a mean age of 72.7 years. Six patients presented risk factors associated with bacterial infections. All patients were admitted to the hospital because of suspicious of bloodstream infection associated with abdominal symptoms for intravenous antibiotic treatment. Four E. lenta isolates were resistant to penicillin, while all isolates presented high MICs to piperacillin/tazobactam and low MICs to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. All patients recovered without no complications.
BACKGROUND: Patients with emergency surgical conditions (ESCs) experience higher complication rates than those without emergency conditions. Our purpose was to improve time-based key performance indicators (KPIs) of care for ESC patients, including diagnostic workup, empiric stabilization, and referral to definitive care.
METHODS: A rapid response program (ESTAT) was developed to screen for and coordinate optimal, timely care for a spectrum of high-risk ESCs, from the patient's index clinical encounter up to definitive care. The Mann-Whitney test assessed whether any differences in KPIs were statistically significant (P < .05) before compared to after the implementation of ESTAT.
RESULTS: 98 patients were identified: 44 in ESTAT group (70% age ≥55, 57% male); 54 in control group (57% age ≥55, 44% male). There were significant decreases from time of index clinical encounter to resuscitation (5 min. vs 34 min., P < .001), to diagnostic imaging (52 min. vs 1 hr. 19 min., P = .004), and to definitive care (2 hr. 17 min. vs 3 hr. 51 min., P = .007) in the ESTAT group compared to the control group, respectively.
DISCUSSION: Improving time-based KPIs for delivery of clinical services is a common goal of medical emergency response systems (MERS) in numerous specialties. Implementation of an ESTAT program provides a screening tool for at-risk patients and reduces time to stabilize, diagnose and triage to definitive surgical intervention. These time benefits may ultimately translate to reduced complication rates for ESC patients. ESTAT may also represent a patient onboarding mechanism for surgical specialty verification programs promoted by quality improvement committees of various professional societies.
FIELD: medicine, biotechnology. SUBSTANCE: method involves fixation of cardiolipin antigen with carrier by polymethylmethacrylate evaporation from its mixture in chloroform at graduate heating emulsion water/chloroform. Carrier - granulated polyacrylamide containing ferromagnetic ferric (III) oxide. Sorption capacity is increased significantly in the process of immobilization. Obtained sorbent has standard spheric form at diameter 50-100 mcm, it has ferromagnetic material that ensures to carry out effective sorption process. Sorbent can be used in rheumatology and immunology. EFFECT: enhanced sorption effectiveness, high standard properties of sorbent, no loss of preparation.