anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
For several decades, U.S. hypertension treatment guidelines have recommended a low-dose diuretic such as hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) or chlorthalidone (CTD) as initial monotherapy in a stepped-care approach or as part of an initial two-drug combination. In numerous large clinical trials, CTD-based regimens have significantly reduced rates of cardiovascular events such as stroke, heart failure, and cardiovascular mortality compared with placebo, usual care, or active comparators. In contrast, few outcome studies have compared HCTZ-based regimens with other treatments, and they have generally found HCTZ to be less effective than non-thiazide comparators in preventing cardiovascular events. The two drugs have never been compared directly in a large trial. Despite the empirical evidence favoring CTD, HCTZ is much more widely used in clinical practice. The proposed R34 is a pilot study conducted in two large integrated health systems to test methods and feasibility for an eventual pragmatic randomized trial comparing the effectiveness of HCTZ and CTD for preventing cardiovascular events and mortality. Using a cluster-randomized design, investigators will allocate 40 primary care physicians and their adult hypertensive patients who currently use HCTZ (N=2,000) to either convert HCTZ users to CTD (intervention group) or to continue HCTZ (usual care group). The pilot study and planned full-scale trial will use existing health care infrastructure and electronic health records to identify eligible study subjects, distribute study medication, and collect operational and outcomes data. For this pilot study, Aim 1 will document that the intervention is delivered as intended. Aim 2 will compare safety in intervention and usual care patients. Aim 3 will refine the pilot study design and identify critical factors for intervention success using a mixed-methods approach. Aim 4 will refine estimates of sample size. Finally, Aim 5 will determine the costs of ascertaining outcomes and estimate per-participant costs for the full-scale trial. The pilot study will produce data that are necessary and sufficient to inform the planning of a full-scale trial comparing CTD and CTZ and will advance the development of methods for pragmatic trials.
Stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability in modern societies. Statins are effective medications in decreasing cardiovascular events through lipid lowering and pleiotropic effects. Ischemic stroke is burdened with a high morbidity and mortality in our society. However, there are few effective and largely available therapies for this devastating disease. In additon to advancing acute reperfusion therapies, there is a need to develop treatments aimed to promote repair and regeneration of brain tissue damaged by ischemia (neurorecovery)(1,2,3). Therapeutic angiogenesis and vasculogenesis represent novel approaches of regenerative medicine that may help in the cure of patients with acute ischemic stroke. Translation of our knowledge about these processes from the bench to bedside is still underway. Although angiogenesis (the sprouting of new blood vessels from pre-existing vascular structures) is likely to contribute to neurorepair, the finality of the angiogenic response in acute ischemic stroke has not been fully elucidated. The first therapeutic approach to angiogenesis after ischemic stroke would be the modulation of the endogenous angiogenic response. In this setting, early instauration of physical activity, statins, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonists may enhance angiogenesis and neuroregeneration Statins have been shown to improve the functional outcome of patients after an ischemic stroke. We hypothesized that daily statin intake improves functional outcome after an acute ischemic stroke (4,5,6,7,8) Duplex sonography is the best noninvasive modality for investigation of possible carotid artery stenosis to evaluate the intema media thickness of carotid artery in patients of acute ischemic stroke before and after receiving high dose of statins to evaluate its effectiveness in management and appropriate dose of statins (9.10.11.12,13,14)
Patients undergo radiation therapy as in Arm I and receive leuprolide SC or IM every 3 or 6 months. Treatment continues for 6 to 12 months (depending on risk) in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Nearly half of all patients with heart failure have a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)1-3. This group is increasing in prevalence, has similar morbidity and mortality to systolic HF, and, despite increasing awareness of the healthcare burden, is without proven treatments1. This is related largely to a limited understanding of the basic mechanisms causing the disease3. Recent studies have added to contemporary understanding, but the pathophysiology remains controversial and incompletely understood4-8. A limitation of most prior studies is that the noninvasive measurements employed are merely surrogates for gold standard, invasive hemodynamic assessment9. There is general consensus that HFpEF patients have increased left ventricular filling pressures (LVDP) and relatively normal systolic function at rest5,8,10, but two critical questions remain: what causes the increase in LVDP, and, are there important deficits in the cardiovascular response to exercise stress in HFpEF patients3,4? The current study will resolve these questions by performing comprehensive hemodynamic analysis in HFpEF patients referred to the cardiac cath lab, compared to age and gender matched controls without HF. LV systolic, diastolic, and vascular function will be examined at rest and during graded supine exercise at fixed and varied preload to definitively characterize both baseline differences and discrepancies in cardiovascular reserve function that only become apparent during stress, when HFpEF patients typically become symptomatic11. This study will yield valuable information describing the roles for systolic, diastolic and pericardial abnormalities in the pathogenesis of HFpEF, providing critical preliminary data upon which better targeted therapeutic trials of this common disorder can be based.
PURPOSE: To obtain a safe corneal prenchyma damage-curing medicine capable of reducing corneal opacity and pain caused in a process for healing the damaged corneal parenchyma, capable of healing the damage to the normal state in an early stage, and free from side effects such as those of steroid medicines. CONSTITUTION: A corneal parenchyma damage-curing medicine contains taurine in an amount of 0.1-3wt.% as an active ingredient. Since an antiseptic agent (e.g. benzalkonium chloride) usually used as an essential ingredient on the preparation of an ophthalmic solution is not used, the irritation of an eye with the antiseptic agent on the application of the corneal parenchyma-curing medicine to the eye can be prevented. The corneal parenchyma medicine is suitably compounded with other ingredients for ophthalmic solutions and subsequently prepared by a conventional method. The daily administration of the corneal parenchyma medicine is performed several times, preferably 3-6 times.  The usual ingredients for the ophthalmic solutions include methyl nestigmine sulfate, an antiinflammatory agent (e.g. glycyrrhizinic acid dipotassium salt), an antihistaminic agent (e.g. diphnhydramin hydrochloride), an afflux- removing agent (e.g. naphanoline hydrochloride), a vitamin (e.g. active type vitamin B2 ), an amino acid, a refreshing agent, a polymeric additive, a stabilizer, and a preservative.
Compounds, pharmaceutical compositions including the compounds, and methods of preparation and use thereof are disclosed. The compounds are honokiol analogs. The compounds and compositions can be used to treat and/or prevent a wide variety of cancers, including drug resistant cancers. Representative honokiol analogs include diepoxide honokiol analogues. The compounds are believed to function, at least, by inhibiting angiogenesis and/or inducing apoptosis. Thus, the compounds are novel therapeutic agents for a variety of cancers.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new receptor about a ligand showing an analogue property to a cytokine-like composition, a related compound, and a method for using the receptor and the compound.  <P>SOLUTION: Nucleic acid encoding a mammalian (for example, primate) receptor, a purified receptor protein and a fragment of the same is provided. Antibodies (both polyclonal antibody and monoclonal antibody) are also provided. A method for using a composition for both diagnostic use and therapeutic use is described. In one embodiment, with regard to the new receptor related to a cytokine receptor and biological activity of the same, especially, one subunit explanation termed DCRS5 (another name IL-23R) is provided.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
Healthy volunteers treated with 6 injections of placebo over the course of 4 weeks. Injections were given subcutaneously (sc) on days 1, 4, 8, 11, 15 and 22.
Myeloid sarcoma is a very rare extramedullary malignant tumour, most often associated with acute myeloid leukaemia. We report the case of a man in his early 20s who presented with chronic headache, raised intracranial pressure and progressive vision loss of 2 years duration with no systemic manifestations. He had a history of myeloid sarcoma of the left thigh 15 years ago, treated with external beam radiotherapy and in complete remission for more than 13 years. However, the progressive blindness remained unexplained for 2 years, and he was eventually diagnosed with isolated meningeal relapse without marrow or systemic involvement. Imaging revealed subarachnoid haemorrhage, diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement and involvement of lower dorsal cord and conus, and cerebrospinal fluid cytology showed myeloid blasts. He was managed with intrathecal chemotherapy and craniospinal irradiation, after which he had mild improvement in vision.
The invention relates to an ointment for treating allergic dermatitis and skin ulcer, which belongs to a Chinese medicinal externally-applied ointment. The ointment is prepared from the following raw materials in part by weight: 5 to 25 parts of calculus bovis factitius, 15 to 30 parts of natural indigo and 1 to 5 parts of borneol, the ointment is prepared by the following steps of: grinding the borneol according to a particle size requirement and weighing; uniformly mixing the ground borneol and the calculus bovis factitious and the natural indigo according to a weight ratio so as to obtain powder; and adding albolene in an amount of four times of the total weight of the raw materials and uniformly mixing so as to obtain the ointment. The externally-applied ointment has the effects of diminishing inflammation, relieving itching, clearing heat, detoxifying and sterilizing, and has quick response and has no toxic or side effect when the ointment is used for treating allergic dermatitis such as skin itch, urticaria, eczema, macula, skin ulcer and the like. When being used, the ointment can be applied to affected parts on the skin of a patient. The ointment is easy and convenient to use and is applied twice a day. A course of treatment lasts for seven days. For general pruritus, the ointment can relieve itching after being applied once. The external ointment has a simple process and low cost, and can lower the economic burden of the patient.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composition for the treatment of ageing skin and the delaying of the onset of the signs of ageing in healthy skin.  <P>SOLUTION: The composition comprises cartilage extract, grape seed extract, and tomato extract with marked antioxidant effect and free-radical inhibition. The composition, comprising a hydrophilic antioxidant, a lipophilic (hydrophobic) antioxidant, and a cartilage extract, dramatically increases collagen synthesis in the dermis. Furthermore, the composition reduces collagenase activity and level of advanced glycosylation end product (AGE). The composition is intended for the treatment of ageing skin and the delaying of the onset of the signs of ageing in healthy skin.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Adolescents randomized to FANMI will receive all monthly HIV care in the community room of the Prince Albert School in Village of God. Adolescents will be grouped in cohorts of 5-10 peers. The entire visit will take \~ 2 hours.
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to medicine, in particular to systems for delivering a drug to the eye. Composite material for drug delivery to the eye contains a composition of a medium, which contains the drug, depot-forming material and microparticles, wherein the drug is in both the depot-forming material and the microparticles. Drug in the depot-forming material is dispersed therein. Microparticles dispersed in the composition of the medium contain the drug and are coated with a coating containing a bioerodible material or a biodegradable material. Composition of the medium is in liquid form before administration and is configured to increase viscosity after injection into the mammalian body so that the medium after injection is solid or gel-like. Also described is a method of treating an eye disease or injury involving the injection of said composite material.EFFECT: group of inventions provides sustained, controlled release of the drug due to its presence both in microparticles with a biodegradable or biodegradable coating, and in a depot-forming medium material.21 cl, 2 ex
BACKGROUND: Hip fracture (HF) mostly affects older adults and is responsible for increased morbidity and mortality. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are part of the peri-operative multimodal analgesic management, but their use could be associated with adverse events in older adults. This systematic review aimed to assess outcomes associated with NSAIDs use in the peri-operative period of HF surgery.
METHODS: This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Three databases (PubMed/EMBASE/Cochrane Central) were used to search for clinical trials and observational studies assessing efficacy, safety and impact of NSAIDs use on non-specific post-operative outcomes, such as functional status and post-operative complications.
RESULTS: Among the 1320 references initially identified, four provided data on efficacy, four on safety and six on non-specific post-operative outcomes (three randomized controlled clinical trials, three observational studies). Mean study population ages ranged from 68 to 87 years. Two studies found that NSAIDs were effective on pain control, but two studies found conflicting results on opioid sparing. No increased risk of acute kidney injury was observed, while results concerning bleeding risk and delirium were conflicting. No study has found any effect of NSAIDs use on walk recovery. Quality of evidence was high for pain control, but low to very low for all the other studied outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of NSAIDs may be effective for pain control in the peri-operative period of HF surgery. However, safety data were conflicting with low levels of certainty. Further studies are needed to assess their benefit-risk balance in this context. The research protocol was previously registered on PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42021237649).
The experimental group received twelve 60 minutes sessions of strategy-based cognitive training. (i.e., training in mnemonic memory strategies). We chose to train multiple strategies instead of a single one in effort to reach larger training gains. each session began with engaging conversations between the researcher and participants. After each practice trial, participants were encouraged to share their ideas/stories/associations or visual images (mnemonic uses) in turn. All other participants were allowed to give feedback relating to what can be learned from each mnemonic use or give their own ideas on how they think it can be improved.
Study I is a long-term, prospective, single-blind study comparing biofeedback for fecal incontinence to a standard therapy (Kegel exercises) that is associated with a similar expectation of improvement (i.e., comparable placebo effect). Prior to randomization, patients will receive medical therapy (antidiarrheal medications as appropriate) and education for 4 weeks, and only patients who remain incontinent will be randomized. Anal canal squeeze pressures and rectal sensory thresholds will be tested before and after treatment. Patients will keep a diary throughout baseline and treatment, and they will be re-assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months. Treatment will consist of 6 clinic visits at 2-week intervals. The primary outcome is the patient's response to the question, "Have you had satisfactory relief of fecal incontinence (yes/no)?" This question is asked at 3 months following the end of treatment and at each follow-up visit. The investigators will develop a detailed treatment manual for fecal incontinence which would permit other investigators to replicate our study.
The significance of discontinuous growth (DG) of the tumor to include tumor deposits and intramural metastasis in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is unclear. Esophagectomy specimens from 151 treatment-naïve and 121 treated patients with EAC were reviewed. DG was defined as discrete (≥2 mm away) tumor foci identified at the periphery of the main tumor in the submucosa, muscularis propria, and/or periadventitial tissue. Patients' demographics, clinicopathologic parameters, and oncologic outcomes were compared between tumors with DG versus without DG. DGs were identified in 16% of treatment-naïve and 29% of treated cases ( P =0.01). Age, gender, and tumor location were comparable in DG+ and DG- groups. For the treatment-naïve group, DG+ tumors were larger with higher tumor grade and stage and more frequent extranodal extension, lymphovascular/perineural invasion, and positive margin. Patients with treated tumors presented at higher disease stages with higher rates of recurrence and metastasis compared with treatment-naïve patients. In this group, DG was also associated with TNM stage and more frequent lymphovascular/perineural spread and positive margin, but not with tumor size, grade, or extranodal extension. In multivariate analysis, in all patients adjusted for tumor size, lymphovascular involvement, margin, T and N stage, metastasis, neoadjuvant therapy status, treatment year, and DG, DG was found to be an independent adverse predictor of survival outcomes in EAC. DG in EAC is associated with adverse clinicopathologic features and worse patient outcomes. DG should be considered throughout the entire clinicopathologic evaluation of treatment-naïve and treated tumors as well as in future staging systems.
The invention provides a trifluoromethane triazolidine quinoxaline derivative, which is obtained through the sequential reaction of the trifluoromethane triazolidine quinoxaline with acid or alkali metal elements or ammonium (ammonia) compounds or amino acid or alkamine, or direction reaction with acid salts. When the acid or the acid salts are sulfate radicals, trifluoromethane triazolidine quinoxaline sulfate complex salts are obtained. When the acid or acid salts are phosphate radicals, trifluoromethane triazolidine quinoxaline phosphate complex salts are obtained. The method of the invention has the advantages of reasonable design, stable process and good production feasibility. The trifluoromethane triazolidine quinoxaline derivative provided by the invention has the obvious advantages of good solubility, high bioavailability and the like, and can be prepared into preparations. After the oral administration, the trifluoromethane triazolidine quinoxaline enters the blood, the absorption is fast, and the effect taking is fast, so better diabetes treatment effect can be obtained. The trifluoromethane triazolidine quinoxaline derivative of the invention has the structural general formula as the accompanying drawing.
Apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aTRH), defined as blood pressure (BP) that remains uncontrolled despite unconfirmed concurrent treatment with three antihypertensives, is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular and renal complications compared with controlled hypertension. We aimed to identify the characteristics of aTRH patients with an elevated risk of major adverse cardiovascular events plus (MACE+; defined as stroke, myocardial infarction, or heart failure hospitalization) and end stage renal disease (ESRD). This retrospective cohort study included aTRH patients (BP ≥140/90 mmHg and taking ≥3 antihypertensives) from the United States-based Optum® de-identified Electronic Health Record dataset and used machine learning models to identify risk factors of MACE+ or ESRD. Patients had claims for ≥3 antihypertensive classes within 30 days between January 1, 2015 and June 30, 2021, and two office BP measures recorded 1-90 days apart within 30 days to 11 months after the index regimen date. Of a total 18 797 070 patients identified with any hypertension, 71 100 patients had aTRH. During the study period (mean 25.5 months), 4944 (7.0%) patients had a MACE+ and 2403 (3.4%) developed ESRD. In total, 22 risk factors were included in the MACE+ model and 16 in the ESRD model, and most were significantly associated with study outcomes. The risk factors with the largest impact on MACE+ risk were congestive heart failure, stages 4 and 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD), age ≥80 years, and living in the Southern region of the United States. The risk factors with the largest impact on ESRD risk, other than pre-existing CKD, were anemia, congestive heart failure, and type 2 diabetes. The overall study cohort had a 5-year predicted MACE+ risk of 13.4%; this risk was increased in those in the top 50% and 25% high-risk groups (21.2% and 29.5%, respectively). The overall study cohort had a predicted 5-year risk of ESRD of 6.8%, which was increased in the top 50% and 25% high-risk groups (10.9% and 17.1%, respectively). We conclude that risk models developed in our study can reliably identify patients with aTRH at risk of MACE+ and ESRD based on information available in electronic health records; such models may be used to identify aTRH patients at high risk of adverse outcomes who may benefit from novel treatment interventions.
The present invention relates to a hydrogel composition prepared without using a binder. The composition is easy to inject into the human body and has a therapeutic effect on intraarticular lesions and inflammation. The hydrogel of the present invention, which is prepared without a binder, is degraded in an articulation for a long time due to the increased viscoelasticity thereof, thereby enjoying the advantage that the absorption time is prolonged. Therefore, when the hydrogel is used as an injection, its efficacy can be maintained for a long time. Furthermore, the hydrogel has no cytotoxicity, thus showing very high biocompatibility. Particularly when directly injected to an injured site in an articulation, the hydrogel has a therapeutic effect on the intraarticular lesion and inflammation in the corresponding site and thus can be advantageously utilized as a composition for prevention or treatment of an intraarticular lesion and as a viscosity supplement.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide improved vaccines.  <P>SOLUTION: The improved vaccines are disclosed. The improved vaccines include a nucleotide sequence that encodes a coding sequence that comprises an immunogenic target protein linked to or comprising an intracellular cellular targeting sequence, and the coding sequence is operably linked to regulatory elements. Methods of immunizing individuals are also disclosed. The immunogenic target protein is a pathogen-derived antigen, a cancer-related antigen or an antigen related to autoimmune diseases. The nucleotide sequence includes a nucleotide sequence encoding a signal sequence directing transportation of an intracellular immunogenic target antigen.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT