anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: The gut microbiome is recognized as a pivotal factor in the pathophysiology of sarcopenia-a condition marked by the accelerated loss of muscle strength, mass and function with ageing. Despite this well-known gut-muscle axis, the potential links between other microbial ecosystems and sarcopenia remain largely unexplored. The oral microbiome has been linked to various age-related health conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and colorectal cancer. However, its potential association with sarcopenia is unknown. The Saliva and Muscle (SaMu) study seeks to address this knowledge gap.
METHODS: The SaMu study comprises three sequential phases. In phase 1, a cross-sectional analysis will be conducted on a cohort of 200 individuals aged 70 years or older to examine the relationship between salivary microbiome and sarcopenia status. Participants will be recruited in the three main places of living: general community, assisted living facilities and nursing homes. The salivary microbiome composition will be evaluated utilizing shotgun metagenomics sequencing, while sarcopenia status will be determined through muscle mass (determined by whole-body bioelectrical impedance analysis and calf circumference), muscle strength (grip strength and the 5-times-sit-to-stand test) and physical performance (usual walking speed). In addition to investigating the microbiome composition, the study aims to elucidate microbiome functions by exploring potential omic associations with sarcopenia. To achieve this, salivary proteomics, metabolomics and quorum sensing peptidomics will be performed. Covariates that will be measured include clinical variables (sociodemographic factors, health status, health-related behaviours, oral health and quality of life) as well as blood variables (immune profiling, hormones, kidney and liver function, electrolytes and haematocrit). In phase 2, an in-depth mechanistic analysis will be performed on an envisaged subcohort of 50 participants. This analysis will explore pathways in muscle tissue using histology, genomics and transcriptomics, focusing on (maximal) 25 healthy older adults and (maximal) 25 with severe sarcopenia. Phase 3 involves a two-year clinical follow-up of the initial participants from the cross-sectional analysis, along with a resampling of blood and saliva. Additionally, secondary outcomes like falls, hospitalization and mortality will be examined.
DISCUSSION: Using a salivary multi-omics approach, SaMu primarily aims to clarify the associations between the oral microbiome and sarcopenia. SaMu is expected to contribute to the discovery of predictive biomarkers of sarcopenia as well as to the identification of potential novel targets to prevent/tackle sarcopenia. This study-protocol is submitted for registration at the ISRCTN registry.
Patients assigned to experimental group would receive treatment of active iTBS. 50 iTBS sessions (1,800 pulses per session, 50-minute intersession interval) were delivered 10 days at 90% resting motor threshold.
PURPOSE:The titled remedy containing an extract of Aralia cordata Thun b. with water or an aqueous buffer solution as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:The whole Aralia cordata Thun b. (perennial plant of the genus Aralieae of the family Araliaceae) is dried, powdered, extracted with an aqueous medium at low temperature (0-10 deg.C) for 24-72hr while stirring, or the raw material is cut into pieces and homogenized in an aqueous medium at 0-30 deg.C. Water or an aqueous buffer solution (e.g., 0.05M tris-hydrochloric acid buffer solution at 7.7pH) is preferably as the aqueous medium. The prepared extracted mixture is centrifuged to separate a solid substance, the supernatant liquid is concentrated at <=60 deg.C to 1/2-1/4 volume, a proper precipitate is added to the concentrated solution and the precipitated sediment is separated by centrifugal separation, etc. The prepared sediment is lyophilized, to give an extract effective for remedying radiation injury. It is effective for alleviating and recovering radiation injury, particularly blood dyscrasis after exposure.
Patients in this arm will be receiving the standard care which is 2nd line chemotherapy. Type of chemotherapy determined by treating oncologist.
Chronic pain is considered an urgent global public health problem. One of the most prevalent chronic pain pathologies worldwide is low back pain (LBP). Kinesophobia (fear of movement) has been largely associated with pain intensity, disability, worse quality of life and chronification in LBP; while physical reconditioning has been proposed in clinical practice as a key element in the treatment of LBP.(20-22) However, the efficacy of physical reconditioning programs developed so far would require considerable improvement. The induction of illusions in virtual reality (VR) through visual cues could be a valid alternative to evoke motion illusions and be able to modify proprioceptive integration, acting on kinesiophobia, in turn. The main objective of this randomized controlled trial is to investigate the efficacy of a 6-week therapeutic exercise program, performed with VR manipulating visual proprioceptive information during all lumbar movements in the different therapeutic exercises (experimental group), on pain and disability, kinesiophobia, range of motion (ROM), catastrophizing, quality of life, and physical fitness in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain compared to the same therapeutic exercise program without VR (control group).
Surgical site infections (SSI) are an important cause of morbidity following cesarean sections. The rate of surgical site infections following cesarean section in the United States is estimated between 3-15%, depending on the population studied, definitions of surgical site infection used, and length of time studied and is often underestimated. Morbidities include longer length of hospital stay, hospital readmission, wound opening and re-exploration, need for home health care, increased health care costs and loss of productivity. The risk of developing a SSI after a Cesarean section is increased with certain patient characteristics, such as obesity and duration of surgery and is decreased with the use prophylactic antibiotics prior to the skin incision.

Obesity is a significant public health problem and the incidence continues to increase in the United States. It has been shown to be associated with increased risk of SSI after cesarean section in several studies. Olsen et al reviewed 1,605 patients who underwent cesarean section and found increased BMI at admission was an independent risk factor for SSI. In another study of 19,416 women in Israel who had cesarean deliveries, women who had a BMI ≥30 kg/m2 had an increased risk for infection (odds ratio \[OR} =2.2; 95% Confidence Interval \[CI\]. Leth, et al. also found obesity as a risk factor associated with wound infection. In this study of 2,492 consecutive women who had cesarean sections in Denmark, infection rates increased with increasing BMI, with women with a BMI kg/m2 30.0-34.9 having an infection rate of 19.1% and women with a BMI of 35.0-39.9 kg/m2 and of ≥40 kg/m2 both having infection rates of 31.1%. Hypotheses for the increased rate of wound infections in obese patients include decreased vascularity of adipose tissue, increase in wound area, and poorer penetration of prophylactic antibiotics to adipose tissue. Adequate surgical exposure and good visualization are paramount in abdominal surgery. Retraction of the pannus cephalad is often required for adequate visualization and access to the lower abdomen and thus the lower uterine segment. Several studies have been shown that pfannensteil or joel-cohen incisions are superior to vertical incisions due to increased risk of classical cesarean delivery in the case of the obese gravida. Limited studies have been completed to assess supra umbilical incisions.

Other methods of pannus retraction are currently utilized in obstetrics surgery, mostly with surgical tape or Montgomery straps. However, there are currently no clinical trials comparing types of pannus retractors. Potential benefits from the Traxi retractor are decreased operating time, decreased need for additional operating room personnel, and increased ease of delivery of neonate. In addition, the Traxi is designed to stay on for 24 hours in order to elevate the pannus, this will decrease exposure to moisture and possibly other bacteria as the skin begins to heal.
The observed incidence of anti-drug antibodies is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Differences in assay methods preclude meaningful comparisons of the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in the studies described below with the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in other studies, including those of spesolimab-sbzo or of other spesolimab products.

In subjects with GPP treated with intravenous SPEVIGO in Study Effisayil-1, ADAs formed with a median onset of 2.3 weeks. Following administration of 900 mg intravenous SPEVIGO, (12/50) 24% of subjects had a maximum ADA titer greater than 4000 and were neutralizing antibody (Nab)-positive by the end of the study (Weeks 12 to 17). In Study Effisayil-2, ADAs formed with a median onset of 8 weeks. Following administration of a 600 mg subcutaneous LD of SPEVIGO followed by 300 mg every 4 weeks for a total duration of 48 weeks, 24% of subjects had a maximum ADA titer greater than 4000 and were Nab-positive.

In Study Effisayil-1 following intravenous SPEVIGO, females appeared to have higher immunogenicity response; the percentage of subjects with ADA titer greater than 4000 was 30% in females, and 12% in males, respectively. In Study Effisayil-2 following administration of subcutaneous SPEVIGO, the data on immunogenicity response in males versus females were inconclusive.

Anti-Drug Antibody Effects on Pharmacokinetics

In subjects with ADA titers below 4000, there was no apparent impact on spesolimab-sbzo pharmacokinetics. In some subjects with ADA titer values greater than 4000, plasma spesolimab-sbzo concentrations were significantly reduced after reaching this ADA titer. 

In Study Effisayil-1, there are limited data on the impact of ADAs on safety and efficacy upon retreatment as the majority of subjects did not experience a subsequent, new flare in an open-label extension study.

In subjects who received SPEVIGO 600 mg subcutaneous LD followed by 300 mg every 4 weeks in Study Effisayil-2, the mean trough concentrations beginning at Week 8 in ADA-positive subjects with titers greater than 4000 were approximately 77% to 107% of trough concentrations in subjects who were ADA-negative or ADA-positive with titer values less than 4000. After subcutaneous administration of SPEVIGO, there appears to be no impact of ADA presence on efficacy. This observation is based on limited numbers of ADA-positive subjects (N = 11). There are insufficient data to assess whether there is a clinically significant effect of ADAs on the safety of spesolimab-sbzo.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water-in-oil (W/O) type emulsion that suppresses the separation of the aqueous phase in both low temperature and high temperature, and suppresses the coarsening of emulsion particles at high temperature.SOLUTION: A water-in-oil (W/O) type emulsion contains, as an emulsifier, polyglycerol fatty acid ester and alkyl glyceryl ether. The fatty acid portion of the polyglycerol fatty acid ester is oleic acid or isostearic acid. The HLB of the polyglycerol fatty acid ester is 7-14. The aqueous phase contains 4C sugar alcohol. Preferably, the 4C sugar alcohol is erythritol. Preferably, the emulsion contains 40-95 mass% of oil phase and 60-5 mass% of aqueous phase. By making the emulsion contain a coloring material, water-in-oil (W/O) type emulsion ink can be produced.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Nerium oleander is used to treat liver-associated chronic metabolic diseases in traditional medicinal systems across the globe. The hepatoprotective effects of oleander are mentioned in Indian and Chinese traditional medicinal literature.
AIM OF THE STUDY: The present study aimed to investigate the cellular mechanisms behind the hepatoprotective effects of a non-toxic dose of oleander (NO).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The hepatoprotective effects of NO were tested against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated HepG2 cells. Oxidative stress response was studied using cellular enzymatic assays, and gene expression was analyzed using qRT-PCR. HepG2 cells were pretreated with TAK-242 (pharmacological inhibitor of TLR4) to decipher the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of NO. Cell-free metabolites were analyzed using GCMS and were subjected to pathway enrichment analysis.
RESULTS: NO reduced systemic inflammation, serum lipid peroxidation byproducts, and glucose without affecting serum transaminase levels and hepatic histopathological features. NO attenuated the inflammation-induced loss of antioxidant enzyme activities and mRNA expressions of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor κβ (NFκβ)-dependent inflammatory genes. In TAK-242 pretreated cells, LPS was unable to induce inflammatory and oxidative responses. However, NO treatment in TAK-242 pretreated cells with LPS stimulation further reduced the signs of inflammation and improved hepatoprotective activities. A comparative analysis of the intracellular global metabolome from HepG2 cells with and without NO treatment indicated NO-mediated favorable modulation of intracellular metabolic pathways that support cytoprotective activities.
CONCLUSION: NO protects HepG2 cells from LPS-induced oxidative and inflammatory injury. The hepatoprotective effects of NO are mediated by a TLR4-independent process and through a favorable modulation of the intracellular global metabolome that supports cytoprotection.
Up to 30% of the patients affected by the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) may develop an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which requires in the majority of patients a respiratory support with non-invasive mechanical ventilation and, very often, the intubation . Recent evidence is growing in describing the characteristics of this disease, with main focus on lung morphology. Therapeutic strategies implemented for their management may often lead to short-term muscular and functional alterations resulting in ICU-Acquired weakness. These lead to long-term disabilities expressing through dependence and quality of life impairment of survivors. Indeed, few data are still available regarding the peripheral and respiratory muscular characteristics, mainly because this investigation is usually confined in more advance stages of disease. Muscular ultrasonography allows visualization and classification of muscle characteristics which may be described besides muscles' thickness with their echogenicity. In fact, lean muscle tissue has a low echogenicity, whereas intramuscular fat and connective tissue are characterized by a high echogenicity.

Using a greyscale analysis, the total muscle echo-intensity may in fact be quantified. The assumption is that the higher the mean pixel intensity of a muscle region of interest, the lower the muscle quality (i.e., more intramuscular fat or connective tissue) and thus its inhomogeneity. Muscle echogenicity has already been investigated during critical illness, although its modifications over the time and its associated histopathological characteristics remain to be determined. In fact, inflammation and infection as well as fluid shifts may substantially contribute to the increment in muscular inhomogeneity. Few data are available regarding the characteristics of respiratory muscle ultrasound quality during critical illness, as most of the study restricted this methodology to the analysis of peripheral muscles in the detection of ICU acquired weakness. Recently, the parasternal intercostal muscles and the diaphragm have been investigated together in the critical care setting as they represent the easiest accessible respiratory muscles to be investigated by ultrasound .

The investigators hypothesized that a combined assessment of respiratory (i.e., intercostal and diaphragm) and peripheral (i.e., quadriceps) muscles quantity (as measured by thickness) and quality (as assessed by greyscale analysis), would reflect the severity of illness. Thus,the aims of this study are to assess if the quality characteristics of parasternal intercostal, diaphragm and quadriceps muscles of ICU COVID19 patients influenced the outcomes and are correlated with other variables, such as fluid or protein balance, or indexes of inflammation
Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) remains a leading cause of cardiovascular death (CVD) globally. Mitral Valve repair (MVP) and mitral valve replacement (MVR) are the two most commonly and successfully used techniques to treat the disease. MVP is associated with reduced post-operative complications compared to MVR; however, it carries the risk of valvular fibrosis and scarring. Given the lack of recommendations, inconsistent findings, and paucity of pathophysiological evidence at present, we aimed to conduct a meta-analysis and systematically review the available literature to determine the efficacy and safety of MVP compared to MVR in improving clinical outcomes among patients with RHD. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Central and Scopus from inception till September 2023. The primary objective was early mortality defined as any cause-related death occurring 30 days following surgery. Secondary outcomes included long-term survival defined as the time duration between hospital discharge and all-cause death. Infectious endocarditis, thromboembolic events (including stroke, brain infarction, peripheral embolism, valve thrombosis, and transient ischemic attack), and haemorrhagic events (any serious bleeding event that required hospitalisation, resulted in death, resulted in permanent injury, or required blood transfusion) were all considered as post- operative complications. Additionally aggregated Kaplan-Meier curves were reconstructed for long term survival, freedom from reoperation, and freedom from valve-related adverse events by merging the reconstructed individual patient data (IPD) from each individual study. A significant decrease in early mortality with MV repair strategy versus MV replacement [RR 0.63; P = 0.003) irrespective of mechanical or bioprosthetic valves was noted. The results reported significantly higher long-term survival in patients undergoing MVP versus MVR (HR 0.53; P = 0.0009). Reconstructed Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the long term survival rates at 4, 8, and 12 years were 88.6, 82.0, 74.6 %, in the MVR group and 91.7, 86.8, 81.0 %, in the MVP group, respectively. MVP showed statistically significant reduction in early mortality, adverse vascular events, and better long-term survival outcomes compared to the MVR strategy in this analysis.
BACKGROUND: Implant rotation is a known complication to breast reconstruction using anatomical implants. However, there is a lack of large studies investigating the risk of implant rotation and potential predisposing risk factors.
METHOD: We reviewed the medical records of all patients who underwent breast reconstruction with Mentor anatomical implants from 2010 to 2021 at two Danish hospitals. We compared the risk of implant rotation between one- and two-stage breast reconstruction using univariate logistic regression. We analyzed the effect of biological mesh, immediate versus delayed reconstruction, and use of a higher final expander volume than the permanent implant volume on the risk of implant rotation. Finally, we analyzed the success rate of revision surgery for implant rotation.
RESULTS: In total, 1134 patients were enrolled. Patients who underwent two-stage breast reconstruction (n = 720) had a significantly higher risk of implant rotation than those who underwent one-stage breast reconstruction (n = 426; 11% vs. 5%, p < 0.01). There was no significant association between implant rotation and the use of biological mesh, immediate breast reconstruction, or use of a higher final expander volume than the permanent implant volume. The success rate of revision surgery after implant rotation was 73% (62/85 rotations).
CONCLUSIONS: Two-stage breast reconstruction significantly increased the risk of implant rotation compared to one-stage breast reconstruction. The overall risk of implant rotation was low and success rate of revision surgery was high. These findings suggest that anatomical implants are safe to use for breast reconstruction. However, surgeons and patients should be aware of the increased risk of implant rotation after two-stage reconstruction.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes a solid pharmaceutical composition for the oral use of peptides of small and middle size, in part, vasopressin, oxytocin and their analogs. The composition consists of the indicated peptide, an enteral envelope and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier containing a buffer agent and exhibiting the buffer properties at pH from 2 to 6 and preferably at pH about 5. Method of production of single doses of the indicated peptide involves mixing components, separation of obtained mixture for spheres (diameter is less 2 mm), placing these spheres in an enteral envelope that is easily dissolved in the gastric juice at pH 5.0 or above but not at more less pH value. These doses are packaged in capsules or pressed to make tablets decomposing in the stomach. Invention describes also a method of the oral administration of the indicated single dose to patient. EFFECT: increased absorption of the composition in the patient body. 11 cl, 1 tbl, 2 dwg, 4 ex
The process of aging is characterized by structural degeneration and functional decline, as well as diminished adaptability and resistance. The aging kidney exhibits a variety of structural and functional impairments. In aging mice, thinning and graying of fur were observed, along with a significant increase in kidney indices compared to young mice. Biochemical indicators revealed elevated levels of creatinine, urea nitrogen and serum uric acid, suggesting impaired kidney function. Histological analysis unveiled glomerular enlargement and sclerosis, severe hyaline degeneration, capillary occlusion, lymphocyte infiltration, tubular and glomerular fibrosis, and increased collagen deposition. Observations under electron microscopy showed thickened basement membranes, altered foot processes, and increased mesangium and mesangial matrix. Molecular marker analysis indicated upregulation of aging-related β-galactosidase, p16-INK4A, and the DNA damage marker γH2AX in the kidneys of aged mice. In metabolomics, a total of 62 significantly different metabolites were identified, and 10 pathways were enriched. We propose that citrulline, dopamine, and indoxyl sulfate have the potential to serve as markers of kidney damage related to aging in the future. Phosphoproteomics analysis identified 6656 phosphosites across 1555 proteins, annotated to 62 pathways, and indicated increased phosphorylation at the Ser27 site of Minichromosome maintenance complex component 2 (Mcm2) and decreased at the Ser284 site of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K), with these modifications being confirmed by western blotting. The phosphorylation changes in these molecules may contribute to aging by affecting genome stability. Eleven common pathways were detected in both omics, including arginine biosynthesis, purine metabolism and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, etc., which are closely associated with aging and renal insufficiency.
Original Control Group receives 18 half-hour crossover treatments with the AMES device (Crossover) in which the hand or wrist is moved, and the subject assists the motion while vibration (60 pulses/sec) is applied to the lengthening muscle. Sessions to be scheduled preferably 2 to 3 times per week with each session one-half hour in length.