anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Administer levothyroxine sodium tablets as a single daily dose, on an empty stomach, one-half to one hour before breakfast.

Administer levothyroxine sodium tablets at least 4 hours before or after drugs known to interfere with levothyroxine sodium tablet absorption [see Drug Interactions (Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.)].

Evaluate the need for dosage adjustments when regularly administering within one hour of certain foods that may affect levothyroxine sodium tablet absorption [see Dosage and Administration (Error! Hyperlink reference not valid. and Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.), Drug Interactions (Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.), and Clinical Pharmacology (Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.)].

Administer levothyroxine sodium tablets to pediatric patients who cannot swallow intact tablets by crushing the tablet, suspending the freshly crushed tablet in a small amount (5 mL to 10 mL) of water and immediately administering the suspension by spoon or dropper. Ensure the patient ingests the full amount of the suspension. Do not store the suspension. Do not administer in foods that decrease absorption of levothyroxine sodium tablets, such as soybean-based infant formula [see Drug Interactions (Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.)].
Children are much more susceptible to the neurotoxic effects of organophosphate (OP) pesticides and nerve agents than adults. OP poisoning in children leads to acute seizures and neuropsychiatric sequela, including the development of long-term disabilities and cognitive impairments. Despite these risks, there are few chronic rodent models that use pediatric OP exposure for studying neurodevelopmental consequences and interventions. Here, we investigated the protective effect of the neurosteroid ganaxolone (GX) on the long-term developmental impact of neonatal exposure to the OP compound, diisopropyl-fluorophosphate (DFP). Pediatric postnatal day-28 rats were acutely exposed to DFP, and at 3 and 10 months after exposure, they were evaluated using a series of cognitive and behavioral tests with or without the postexposure treatment of GX. Analysis of the neuropathology was performed after 10 months. DFP-exposed animals displayed significant long-term deficits in mood, anxiety, depression, and aggressive traits. In spatial and nonspatial cognitive tests, they displayed striking impairments in learning and memory. Analysis of brain sections showed significant loss of neuronal nuclei antigen(+) principal neurons, parvalbumin(+) inhibitory interneurons, and neurogenesis, along with increased astrogliosis, microglial neuroinflammation, and mossy fiber sprouting. These detrimental neuropathological changes are consistent with behavioral dysfunctions. In the neurosteroid GX-treated cohort, behavioral and cognitive deficits were significantly reduced and were associated with strong protection against long-term neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. In conclusion, this pediatric model replicates the salient features of children exposed to OPs, and the protective outcomes from neurosteroid intervention support the viability of developing this strategy for mitigating the long-term effects of acute OP exposure in children. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: An estimated 3 million organophosphate exposures occur annually worldwide, with children comprising over 30% of all victims. Our understanding of the neurodevelopmental consequences in children exposed to organophosphates is limited. Here, we investigated the long-term impact of neonatal exposure to diisopropyl-fluorophosphate in pediatric rats. Neurosteroid treatment protected against major deficits in behavior and memory and was well correlated with neuropathological changes. Overall, this pediatric model is helpful to screen novel therapies to mitigate long-term developmental deficits of organophosphate exposure.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa  (PA) leads to chronic respiratory infections especially in patients with cystic fibrosis patients and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by a high morbidity. After screening Lactobacilli coming from CF expectorations, on their capacity to inhibit two  Pseudomonas aeruginosa  (PA) virulence factors (elastase, pyocyanin), the inventors evaluated the effect of intranasal administration of Lactobacilli on PA murine pneumonia. The primary outcome was the bacterial lung load 24 hours after PA induced pneumonia. To understand the role of  Lactobacillus , the chemokines, the pro and anti-inflammatory BAL rates were also measured. The administration of Lactobacilli cocktail 18 h prior the PA lung infection decreases significantly the lung bacterial load at 24 h post-infection. Although the mechanisms need to be deeply explored, an immunomodulation effect may be involved, notably through the recruitment of neutrophils. Thus the present relates to a method of treating a  Pseudomonas aeruginosa  respiratory tract infection in a patient in need thereof comprising administering to the patient's respiratory tract a therapeutically effective amount of at least one  Lactobacillus  strain.
In the present invention, there is disclosed a packed kit for parenteral administration of interferon-beta. The kit comprises a syringe previously filled with liquid composition containing interferon-beta and stabilizing agent in an amount of between about 0.3 percent and 5 percent (by weight/volume). Said stabilizing agent is an amino acid selected from the group consisting of acidic amino acids, arginine and glycine. If needed, salt is added to provide sufficient ionic strength. The liquid composition has not been previously lyophilized or previously cavitated. The composition is preferably contained within a vessel having at least one surface in contact with the liquid that is coated with a material inert to adsorption of interferon-beta. Further, the invention relates to a method for stabilizing the liquid interferon composition.
Patients receive samotolisib PO BID on days 1-28. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 6 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unexpected toxicity. Patients undergo an x-ray, CT, MRI, FDG-PET, and blood sample collection on study.
In clinical practice, owing to the comprehensive genetic insights they offer, haplotypes have attracted greater attention than individual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Due to the long distances across SNP locations, detecting the haplotype using genomic DNA is challenging. Current haplotyping methods are either expensive and labor-intensive (high-throughput DNA sequencing), or haplotyping a single clinical sample (computational approach) is impossible. Herein, we propose using mRNA as a haplotyping target to minimize the distance among SNPs and employing allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) to pick up a desired haplotype, followed by multiplex pyrosequencing to type the alleles at the SNP location of interest. AS-PCR was improved by combining an additional 3'-phosphorylated modified probe to achieve the specific separation of two closely similar templates. Only the sample with more than two heterozygotes needs to be haplotyped; therefore, we propose a stratification strategy to screen the samples for further haplotyping. This method was evaluated by associating ABCB1 haplotypes with the rivaroxaban-derived side effect in a cohort of 505 patients with nephrotic syndrome, focusing on the SNPs of ABCB1: rs1236C > T, rs2677G > T/A, and rs3435C > T. We successfully identified five bleeding-related haplotypes: rs1236T-rs2677T-rs3435T, rs1236C-rs2677G-rs3435T, rs1236T-rs2677G-rs3435C, rs1236C-rs2677G-rs3435C, and rs1236T-rs2677T-rs3435C. We compared the results with those from the conventional computational algorithm PHASE and observed that PHASE results dismissed the impact of rs1236C-rs2677G-rs3435C and rs1236C-rs2677G-rs3435T on bleeding risk and erroneously suggested a false positive association of rs1236C-rs2677A-rs3435T with increased bleeding risk.
INTRODUCTION: Lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) is a condition commonly seen in the emergency department. Therefore, it is important for emergency medicine clinicians to be aware of the current evidence regarding the diagnosis and management of this disease.
OBJECTIVE: This paper evaluates key evidence-based updates concerning LGIB for the emergency clinician.
DISCUSSION: LGIB is most commonly due to diverticulosis or anorectal disease, though there are a variety of etiologies. The majority of cases resolve spontaneously, but patients can have severe bleeding resulting in hemodynamic instability. Initial evaluation should focus on patient hemodynamics, the severity of bleeding, and differentiating upper gastrointestinal bleeding from LGIB. Factors associated with LGIB include prior history of LGIB, age over 50 years, and presence of blood clots per rectum. Computed tomography angiography is the imaging modality of choice in those with severe bleeding to diagnose the source of bleeding and guide management when embolization is indicated. Among stable patients without severe bleeding, colonoscopy is the recommended modality for diagnosis and management. A transfusion threshold of 7 g/dL hemoglobin is recommended based on recent data and guidelines (8 g/dL in those with myocardial ischemia), though patients with severe bleeding and hemodynamic instability should undergo emergent transfusion. Anticoagulation reversal may be necessary. If bleeding does not resolve, embolization or endoscopic therapies are necessary. There are several risk scores that can predict the risk of adverse outcomes; however, these scores should not replace clinical judgment in determining patient disposition.
CONCLUSIONS: An understanding of literature updates can improve the care of patients with LGIB.
One of the commonest symptoms experienced in patients with a diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is shortness of breath, a symptom which greatly affects their abilities to carry out activities of daily living. Breathing retraining has been reported to lead to improvements in dyspnoea and walking distance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Evidence regarding the effects of such an intervention in ILD patients is though lacking. In view of this, the aims of such a study were to identify whether breathing retraining led to better management of dyspnoea and improved walking distance in ILD patients. Twenty Seven ILD patients were randomly distributed to either the control group (n=15) which received a 12-week Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) programme without breathing retraining or the active group (n=12) which received a 12-week PR programme with breathing retraining. All patients had both the 6-minute walk test and their level of breathlessness assessed using the Dyspnoea Borg scale assessed at baseline and at 4 weekly intervals for a 12-week period throughout the programme.
BACKGROUND: The management of failed total ankle replacements, with significant loss of bone stock, is challenging with high rates of complications and associated morbidity. Recent technological advances have enabled the development of patient-customized 3D-printed titanium truss arthrodesis implants, which offer an alternative salvage option for failed total ankle replacements.
METHODS: A prospective observational study was performed of 6 cases of failed total ankle replacements that were managed using custom patient-specific 3D-printed titanium truss arthrodesis implants. Technical tips, classification, and a treatment algorithm were developed based on our initial experience.
RESULTS: Between November 2018 and March 2022, 6 patients underwent arthrodesis for failed total ankle replacements. Follow-up was available for all cases. The mean follow-up was 3.0 years (range 1-4.5). The mean MOXFQ Index improved from 73.1 to 32.3 (P < .05). The mean EQ-5D-5L Index improved from 0.366 to 0.743 (P < .05) and the EQ-VAS also improved from 53.0 to 63.3 (P = .36). The mean VAS-Pain score at final follow-up was 27.5. There were no cases of nonunion. None of the patients were smokers. The overall complication rate was 50%. Two patients returned to surgery: one for wound washout following TAR explantation and a second for removal of metalwork 2 years following surgery for a prosthetic joint infection secondary to hematogenous spread. No patients underwent revision fixation or amputation.
CONCLUSION: Custom patient-specific 3D-printed titanium truss arthrodesis implants are a viable treatment option for failed total ankle replacements.
The investigators will create a 6-session web-based attention-control comparison to match myDEx in time and attention yet have non-tailored and non-interactive content (NTHP). NTHP will include HIV/STI information currently available on sex education websites.
Caring for a person with dementia can be a highly stressful experience associated with a variety of negative outcomes. Family caregivers are more likely than noncaregivers to experience symptoms of depression and anxiety, feelings of anger, and health problems. Although there are multiple treatment models to address the adverse mental and physical health outcomes associated with caregiving, most do not account for the specific risk and protective factor differences among caregivers of people with dementia. Such models provide the same treatment to all participants and have demonstrated only limited success in this high-risk caregiver population. An adaptive treatment model based on the Stress Process Model of caregiving, which emphasizes that there are multiple factors that affect stress, social support, and mental health, may better meet the needs of family caregivers. This study will first develop an adaptive treatment model, based on the Stress Process Model, for family caregivers of a person suffering from dementia. The study will then evaluate the effectiveness of each component of the adaptive treatment model in improving negative outcomes in the family caregivers.

This study will be conducted in two phases. Phase 1 will be used to develop an adaptive treatment model and risk report from which tailored treatment will be prescribed to participants in Phase 2. Participants in Phase 1 will attend four 90-minute interviews over 4 months. The first three interviews will be held in the first 3 to 4 weeks of the study and the last will be about 3 months later. In the first interview, participants will be asked about their experiences caring for their relatives, physical and emotional well-being, and ideas on helpful types of assistance. In the second and third interviews, participants will discuss their caregiving situations in more detail and will receive information about programs and services that may help them carry out caregiving activities. During the final interview, participants will again be asked about their experiences caring for their relatives.

Phase 2 of the study will test the adaptive treatment model developed in Phase 1. Participants in Phase 2 will attend an initial and final interview and up to 10 planning sessions. Each interview or planning session will last 60 to 75 minutes and will be tailored to the risks of each individual caregiver. During planning sessions, participants will discuss their caregiving situations in more detail, learn strategies to deal with stress, and receive information about programs and services that may help in carrying out caregiving activities. The strategies that participants will learn may include the following: new skills for communicating with the person receiving care, reflecting upon ways to reduce the impact of the changes that caregiving has had on their lives, learning more effective ways of communicating their own needs to other family members and friends, and identifying which types of services might be useful in caring for the person with dementia. The Phase 2 interviews will be the same as the initial and final interviews of Phase 1.
BACKGROUND: Return to work (RTW) is a critical component of rehabilitation for most young and middle-aged patients after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Its success is related to the quality of life and social psychological function of patients, and their social economic growth. However, healthcare professionals often do not deeply understand the patients' experience and their difficulties and coping methods during this process, which limits their ability to institute effective management and support.
OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to explore the lived experiences and change processes of young and middle-aged patients with AMI at the different stages of RTW.
METHODS: A descriptive qualitative approach was used. Patients aged 20 to 59 years with AMI were recruited from the Department of Cardiology of 3 general hospitals. Data were collected via semistructured interviews. Data analysis was performed by conventional content analysis methods.
RESULTS: In total, 18 participants were included. Five main themes emerged: (1) "chaos," (2) "rebuilding," (3) "conflict," (4) "coping," and (5) "benefits." Patients may be more concerned about physical recovery during the initial clinical event. They then begin to plan and adjust for an RTW. Patients in the maintenance phase need strategies to prevent, identify, and respond to conflicts and challenges to maintain long-term stable work.
CONCLUSION: We identified several post-AMI stages spanning from the initial illness event to the maintenance of stable work. We described their perceived barriers, coping strategies, and support needs at these various stages. These data are crucial for healthcare professionals to develop improved vocational rehabilitation strategies for patients with AMI.
Newborns undergo many necessary invasive procedures for routine care, but these treatments may cause stress and pain. The study purposes are to compare the effects of different combinations of sensory interventions on newborns' pain responses, physiological distress (heart rate and oxygen saturation), and crying event during heel stick procedures. This study was a prospective, randomized controlled trial. Infants were recruited by convenience sampling in a baby room of a medical center in northern Taiwan from September in 2017 to September in 2018. Newborns who met the criteria were recruited by blocked random to three treatment groups: (1)Gentle touch + Verbal comfort, (2) Smell + gentle touch + Verbal comfort, (3) Smell + Taste + Touch + Verbal comfort. Pain response was measured by the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS). The physical distress events were measured by the abnormal heart rate and oxygen saturation event, and crying event. All data were collected 5 minutes before heel-stick (baseline), during heel-stick and in recovery status.
This study seeks to empower, supervise, support and include the informal traditional and faith healers to deliver evidence-based mhGAP-IG adapted psychosocial interventions to reduce mental health treatment gap in Kenya. This will be achieved through establishing a dialogue and collaboration between the formal and the informal sector and training the informal sector on the use of mental health Gap Action Programme Intervention Guideline (mhGAP-IG) to identify and manage depression. It will take place in Makueni County among 100 randomly selected TH/FH. A descriptive (prospective cohort) study will be used to determine the impact of training TH/FH on the use of mhGAP-IG in the identification and management of depression. A mental health specialist will also determine the accuracy of diagnosis made by the informal sector using randomly selected patients (true positives and true negatives for depression) by an independent person. Moreover, patients identified to have depression will be followed up at 6 and 12 weeks to assess their health outcomes using BECKs Depression Inventory Scale, Suicidality Scale and WHO quality of life.
Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS), caused by germline pathogenic variants in TP53, predisposes to a wide range of young-onset malignancies, particularly sarcoma, breast and brain cancer. More recently, an increased risk of gastric adenocarcinoma has been recognised, although uptake of surveillance upper endoscopy is unclear. Our retrospective review of 65 patients with LFS, of whom 53.8% had undergone endoscopy, identified four patients (6.2%) with gastro-esophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinomas. Two cases were found on asymptomatic screening and were early stage. No cases had family history of gastrointestinal malignancy. Reviewing genomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas Program, 76.4% of sporadic esophageal adenocarcinomas harboured somatic TP53 pathogenic variants, compared with 39.9% of non-cardia gastric cancers. This similar pattern observed in germline and sporadic cases warrants further investigation. We propose that upper endoscopy be recommended to all patients with LFS, with a focus on appropriate surveillance of the GEJ.
Patients will receive fludarabine 40 mg/m2 IVBP daily for day -5 (5 days before stem cell infusion) through Day -2, IV busulfan targeting a 4800μM/min/ day from day -5 through day -2, and ATG (Thymoglobulin®) at 0.5 mg/kg IV on day -3, and 2 mg/kg on days -2 and day -1 (Only for recipients of stem cells from unrelated or mismatched donors). In addition to the above conditioning regimen all patients will receive TMI at a dose of 3Gy on days -3, -2 and -1. On day 0, the stem cell product will be infused according to BMT unit policy. Graft versus host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis will consist of administration of tacrolimus and methotrexate. Post-transplant evaluation will be done as per standard care with study data collected at day 30, 60, 90, 180, 365 and 2 years.
Disclosed are hybrid molecules containing a first part, a second part and third part connected by covalent bonds. The first part contains a chemical entity to be introduced into an animal cell. The second part contains a polypeptide effective to translocate the chemical entity across the cytoplasmic membrane and into the cytoplasm of the animal cell. The third part contains a C-terminal amidated polypeptide ligand effective to cause the hybrid molecule to bind to the animal cell. The amidated hybrid molecules exhibit greater biological activity than non-amidated counterparts. Preferred hybrid molecules are fusion toxins which contain an amidated neuropeptide, e.g., substance P or gastrin releasing peptide. Methods of preparing the hybrid molecules, which in preferred embodiments are prepared enzymatically by peptidlglycine-α-amidating monooxygenase, are also disclosed. Further disclosed are methods of using the hybrid molecules for medical purposes, such as in the fields of diagnostics and therapeutics.
Disclosed herein are compositions and methods related to differentiation of stem cells into pancreatic cells. In some aspects, the methods provided herein relate to generation of pancreatic ? cell, ? cell, ? cells, and EC cells in vitro in the presence of a polymer, e.g., a water-soluble synthetic polymer. In some aspects, the disclosure provides pharmaceutical compositions including the cells generated according to the methods disclosed herein, as well as methods of treatment making use thereof.
Once the patient is in the operating room, the operative intervention will take proceed as current standard protocol dictates for the described procedure. No changes in operative technique will be undertaken apart from injection of the dye and visualization with the camera. After the articular surface of the distal femur or proximal tibia has been exposed, 2.5 mg of indocyanin green will be injected intravenously by anesthetist through a pre-existing IV line outside the sterile field. The operating surgeon will grade 6 locations on a standard scale of chondromalacia or cartilage damage.
Patients receive ipilimumab IV over 90 minutes on day 1, nivolumab IV over 30 minutes on days 1, 22, and 43, and cisplatin (or carboplatin) IV over 2 hours on days 1, 22, and 43 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also receive docetaxel IV over 1 hour or pemetrexed IV over 10 minutes on days 1, 22, and 43 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.