anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The most serious adverse reactions associated with Nevirapine are hepatitis/hepatic failure, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and hypersensitivity reactions. Hepatitis/hepatic failure may be associated with signs of hypersensitivity which can include severe rash or rash accompanied by fever, general malaise, fatigue, muscle or joint aches, blisters, oral lesions, conjunctivitis, facial edema, eosinophilia, granulocytopenia, lymphadenopathy, or renal dysfunction. 

The first 18 weeks of therapy with Nevirapine are a critical period during which intensive clinical and laboratory monitoring of patients is required to detect potentially life-threatening hepatic events and skin reactions. The optimal frequency of monitoring during this time period has not been established. Some experts recommend clinical and laboratory monitoring more often than once per month, and in particular, include monitoring of liver enzyme tests at baseline, prior to dose escalation and at two weeks post-dose escalation. After the initial 18-week period, frequent clinical and laboratory monitoring should continue throughout Nevirapine treatment. In addition, the 14-day lead-in period with Nevirapine 200 mg daily dosing has been demonstrated to reduce the frequency of rash [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)].
Two of the greatest challenges facing kidney transplantation are the lack of donated organs and inequities in who receives a transplant. Xenotransplantation holds promise as a treatment approach that could solve the supply problem. Major advances in gene-editing procedures have enabled several companies to raise genetically engineered pigs for organ donation. These porcine organs lack antigens and have other modifications that should reduce the probability of immunological rejection when transplanted into humans. The US Food and Drug Administration and transplantation leaders are starting to chart a path to test xenotransplants in clinical trials and later integrate them into routine clinical care. Here we provide a framework that industry, regulatory authorities, payers, transplantation professionals, and patient groups can implement to promote equity during every stage in this process. We also call for immediate action. Companies developing xenotransplant technology should assemble patient advocacy boards to bring the concerns of individuals with end-stage kidney disease to the forefront. For trials, xenotransplantation companies should partner with transplant programs with substantial patient populations of racial and ethnic minority groups and that have reciprocal relationships with those communities. Those companies and transplant programs should reach out now to those communities to inform them about xenotransplantation and try to address their concerns. These actions have the potential to make these communities full partners in the promise of xenotransplantation.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled inducing material having oligosaccharide part at the surface. CONSTITUTION:The objective antitumor immunocyte-inducing material can be prepared by immobilizing an oligosaccharide (composed of three of more compounds selected from N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine, galactose, fucose, mannose, glucose and sialic acid) to an insoluble carrier (e.g. hydrophilic carrier or hydrophobic carrier; preferably a porous membrane or hollow fiber carrier having a pore size of 0.1-5mu). A strong antitumor immunocyte can be induced by the stimulation and activation of leukocyte with said inducing material. The tumor-injuring cell to be induced and activated belongs to the lymphocyte fraction in the leukocyte excluding the granulocyte, monocyte and macrophage, and has especially the property of T-cell. EFFECT:A strong antitumor immunocyte can be induced safely and in high operability, and the material is useful for the treatment, examination, diagnosis, and research of various cancers such as gastric cancer, pulmonary cancer, mammary cancer, etc.
Balance Group (GHG) will receive, in addition to conventional therapy, a combined robotic treatment program with the same end-effector robotic system and a robotic proprioceptive platform, 3 times/week for 12 sessions/month. The time of the single session (45 minutes) is dived in gait training and balance training. The balance training will consist in static and dynamic exercises during sitting and standing position, dual-task exercises and exercises aimed to improve trunk control.
The green tea extract composition for hepatic fibrosis includes green tea extract encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles. In order to treat a patient suffering from hepatic fibrosis, the patient is administered a therapeutically effective dose of the green tea extract composition for hepatic fibrosis. The treatment is preferably administered orally. In order to make the green tea extract treatment, chitosan and green tea extract (prepared from Camellia sinensis) are mixed in de-ionized water to form a first solution, which is then stirred. Pentasodium triphosphate is added to the first solution to foam a second solution, which is then sonicated to form nanoparticles of green tea extract encapsulated in chitosan. Preferably, the second solution is further stirred for approximately two hours following the sonication.
The evidence outlined above altogether favors the possibility that inbalance of the RAAS involving upregulated ACE and and angiotensin II and downregulated ACE2 and angiotensin 1-7 might be involved in the susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients to more severe outcomes. Given links between the RAAS and the HPA axis with inflammatory processes \[38-40\], it is also possible that alterations in adrenal steroidal systems might further contribute to the highly variable responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. This clinical protocol will therefore examine RAAS and the HPA stress system in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with the objective of identifying differences in these counter-regulatory hormonal and stress systems that might explain progression to more severe disease in infected patients. With this and associated patient data (e.g., age, sex, comorbidities, medications) the plan is to also include application of artificial intelligence-based machine learning approaches to develop algorithms for prognostic prediction of disease outcomes. Given the forecasted numbers of deaths and secondary impacts on health even amongst those not infected, as well as the estimated more than one trillion dollar hit to the world economy, it is clearly important to identify effective treatments that may also be relevant to possible future outbreaks resistant to vacines developed based on the current pandemic. With this in mind the associated data should better facilitate identification of disease mechanisms that underly the more severe clinical phenotypes, thereby enabling educated identification of most appropriate therapeutic approaches for successful management of infected patients. Finally there is some evidence from the earlier SARS-CoV epidemic that infection with these coronaviruses may have health consequences well beyond the acute infection stage. By long-term follow-up, that also allows for inclusion of additional patients at follow-up, this protocol will further address concerns about chronic impacts on health among patients infected with the virus.
Receive primary care and management of CVD according to the discretion of their primary care provider. They will also receive generic educational information concerning CVD at baseline and at study end (at their request). We will collect outcomes at baseline and 3-months.
Interested subjects will be assessed for eligibility and a written informed consent will be obtained. The screening visit will consist of a medical exam, clinical labs (if not available in medical record), and questionnaires. Those who pass the screening will be eligible for a baseline visit (may be combined with screening if appropriate labs are already done). The baseline visit will include collection of blood, urine, and stool samples, body composition measurements, and randomization into either HA35 or placebo groups. Patients will be instructed to take the HA35 or placebo daily in the morning before breakfast 3 days prior to the day 4 visit. Patients will be informed that they will need to have a driver that is known to them for the day 4 visit. In the morning of the day 4 visit, confirmation of a driver will occur prior to starting study procedures. During the day 4 visit, patients will have an acute ethanol challenge where they will need to consume 2mL/kg of vodka in 100mL of juice in under 60 minutes. Muscle biopsies will be collected before and after the challenge and blood will be collected throughout the day. In addition, patients will be given lactulose/mannitol/sucralose/sucrose cocktail to measure gut permeability. The costs of any of these tests/procedures will not be billed to the patient and will be covered by the department. The participant will not be responsible for any costs.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The diagnosis and treatment of patients with severe traumatic bleeding and subsequent trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is still inconsistent, although the implementation of standardized algorithms/treatment pathways was repeatedly linked to improved outcome. Various evidence-based guidelines for these patients now exist, three of which have recently been updated.
RECENT FINDINGS: A synopsis of the three recently updated guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of seriously bleeding trauma patients with TIC is presented: (i) AWMF S3 guideline 'Polytrauma/Seriously Injured Patient Treatment' under the auspices of the German Society for Trauma Surgery; (ii) guideline of the European Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC) on the management of perioperative bleeding; and (iii) European guideline on the management of major bleeding and coagulopathy after trauma in its 6th edition (EU-Trauma).
SUMMARY: Treatment of trauma-related bleeding begins at the scene with local compression, use of tourniquets and pelvic binders and rapid transport to a certified trauma centre. After arrival at the hospital, measures to record, monitor and support coagulation function should be initiated immediately. Surgical bleeding control is carried out according to 'damage control' principles. Modern coagulation management includes individualized treatment based on target values derived from point-of-care viscoelastic test procedures.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stable antibody composition having a decreased viscosity, which avoids self-association, aggregation, and microparticles of antibodies in an antibody solution, suppresses an increase in viscosity, and can stably use highly concentrated physiologically active antibodies in the solution, the composition being suitable for parenteral administration including intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intradermal, or subcutaneous injection.SOLUTION: According to the present invention, a pharmaceutical composition comprises: a. an antibody having a concentration of between about 100 to about 400 mg/ml; and b. a viscosity lowering excipient comprising camphorsulfonic acid, sulfosalicylic acid, a salt of camphorsulfonic acid, or a salt of sulfosalicylic acid. Here, the viscosity lowering excipient concentration is between about 30 to about 200 mM. The pH of said composition is from about 4.0 to about 9.0. In the composition, the antibody is a human or humanized monoclonal lgG 1, lgG 2 or lgG 4 antibody. The composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable buffer, preferably histidine, tris, phosphate, or a salt thereof. The composition further comprises a surfactant, a chelating agent, and a cryoprotective agent.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7-1
PURPOSE: The Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein-1 (FMR1) premutation (FXpm) is a genetic variant that is common in the general population and is associated with health symptoms and disease in adulthood. However, poor understanding of the clinical phenotype during childhood has hindered the development of clinical practice guidelines for screening and intervention. Given that social communication difficulties have been widely documented in adults with the FXpm and are linked with reduced psychosocial functioning, the present study aimed to characterize the communication profile of the FXpm during early childhood.
METHOD: Eighteen children with the FXpm who were identified through cascade testing (89%) or screening at birth (11%) were compared to 21 matched typically developing children, aged 2-4 years. Participants completed standardized assessments of language (Mullen Scales of Early Learning) and adaptive communication (Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-II). Social communication was rated from seminaturalistic interaction samples using the Brief Observation of Social Communication Change.
RESULTS: Children with the FXpm showed delayed social communication development, with the magnitude of group differences highlighting social communication as a feature that distinguishes children with the FXpm from their peers (p = .046, ηp2 = .12). The groups did not differ on the standardized language and adaptive communication measures (ps > .297, ηp2s < .03).
CONCLUSIONS: Early screening and treatment of social communication delays may be key to optimizing outcomes for children with the FXpm. Further research is needed to replicate findings in a larger sample, delineate the trajectory and consequences of social communication difficulties across the life span in the FXpm, and determine the potential epidemiological significance of FMR1 as a mediator of developmental communication differences within the general population.
Understanding patients' degree of frailty is crucial for tailoring clinical care for older adults based on their physiologic reserve and health needs ("frailty-guided clinical care"). Two prerequisites for frailty-guided clinical care are: (1) access to frailty information at the point of care and (2) evidence to inform decisions based on frailty information. Recent advancements include web-based frailty assessment tools and their electronic health records integration for time-efficient, standardized assessments in clinical practice. Additionally, database frailty scores from administrative claims and electronic health records data enable scalable assessments and evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of medical interventions across different frailty levels using real-world data. Given limited evidence from clinical trials, real-world database studies can complement trial results and help treatment decisions for individuals with frailty. This article, based on the Thomas and Catherine Yoshikawa Award lecture I gave at the American Geriatrics Society Annual Meeting in Long Beach, California, on May 5, 2023, outlines our group's contributions: (1) developing and integrating a frailty index calculator (Senior Health Calculator) into the electronic health records at an academic medical center; (2) developing a claims-based frailty index for Medicare claims; (3) applying this index to evaluate the effect of medical interventions for patients with and without frailty; and (4) efforts to disseminate frailty assessment tools through the launch of the eFrailty website and the forthcoming addition of the claims-based frailty index to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Chronic Conditions Data Warehouse. This article concludes with future directions for frailty-guided clinical care.
AIM: To compare the effectiveness of 50 and 100 μg of carbetocin with 10 IU of oxytocin for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).
METHODS: This was a triple-blind, non-inferiority trial involving pregnant women recruited at term. We compared two doses of carbetocin (50 and 100 μg) with 10 IU of oxytocin administered as uterotonic agent after vaginal or cesarean delivery. Uterine contractility was assessed at 2- and 5-min after uterotonic administration. The association between adequate uterine tone and PPH with the patients' characteristics were examined using the chi-square test. Effect of the drugs on the odds of developing PPH was examined using logistics regressions. All analyses were conducted using STATA (StataCorp L.L.C.) with a significance level set at 0.05.
RESULTS: In total, 324 women (50 μg carbetocin group-111, 100 μg carbetocin group-106, and oxytocin group-107) participated in the study. There was a significantly higher proportion of women with adequate uterine tone in those that had 100 μg carbetocin relative to 50 μg and 10 IU oxytocin at 5 min (p < 0.001). Patients who received oxytocin had a higher average blood loss than women that had either 50 or 100 μg carbetocin (p = 0.128). There was a significant difference in the need for additional uterotonic, with a higher proportion of participants among those who received 10 IU of oxytocin (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Patients that had 100 μg of carbetocin had a better adequate uterine tone at the fifth minute compared to those who had 50 μg and 10 IU of oxytocin. Generally, carbetocin use was less likely associated with risk of PPH and use of additional intervention.
DT2216 will be administered by intravenous infusion over 30 minutes twice weekly on a continuous basis. Each treatment cycle will be 28 days in duration. The starting dose of DT2216 will be 0.04 mg/kg and will escalate by 100% increments for the first 5 treatment groups. Thereafter, if additional dose escalations are required, escalation will follow a modified Fibonacci scheme. Treatment may continue for up to 1 year.
The rate of IOL continues to increase, from about 10% in 1990 to 23% in 2018. Patients with BMI \>40 are at increased risk for failed IOL and needing a CD. Studies show that morbidly obese patients require higher doses of pitocin and multiple agents to achieve vaginal delivery, but optimal dosing of misoprostol has not been studied as well. Increasing the rate of vaginal delivery in this population will help decrease risk of surgical morbidity.

The investigators plan to conduct a randomized controlled double blinded trial. Patients who are scheduled for induction of labor after 34 weeks gestation, have a BMI \>40, and meet all study inclusion criteria will be approached by research personnel during their outpatient appointments. Participants will be randomized to either receive 25 mcg vaginal misoprostol every 4 hours or 50 mcg vaginal misoprostol every 4 hours.
INTRODUCTION: Tirzepatide is a novel once-week dual GIP/GLP-1 RA agonist approved for T2DM and its role to reduce cardiovascular events remains to be elucidated. The goal of this trial is to assess how tirzepatide affects the progression of atherosclerotic plaque as determined by multidetector computed tomography angiography (MDCTA).
METHODS: This trial is a double blind, randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled multicenter phase IV trial. Participant eligible for the study will be adults with T2DM between 40 and 80 years of age who have HbA1c ≥ 7.0% to ≤ 10.5% and at least 20% stenosis in major epicardial vessel on CCTA. Baseline examination will include the results of their demographics, lab tests, coronary calcium, as well as coronary plaque volume/composition. Following randomization, tirzepatide or placebo will be given at a weekly dose of 2.5 mg, and a fixed dose-escalation strategy will be followed. Patients will undergo quarterly visits for safety assessments and labs, and follow up with repeat CCTA at 1 year.
DISCUSSION: This study evaluates the antiatherogenic potential of tirzepatide, providing a mechanism of potential CV benefit. This is crucial to our understanding of T2DM treatment and CVD since plaque progression portends worse outcomes in these populations. MDCTA is a noninvasive method that assesses the volume, composition, and degree of coronary vessel stenosis.
CONCLUSION: This study will be the first study to assess the effects of tirzepatide on atherosclerotic plaque progression measured by MDCTA in participants with T2DM.
FIELD: immunoprophylaxis. SUBSTANCE: immunogenic activity of vaccine against swine erysipelas produced from VR-2 strain is improved by introducing the second vaccinating strain of causative agent of swine erysipelas Erysipelothrix insidiosa VGNKI-6/24. Relation of these two strains in the claimed vaccine is as follows, wt.-%: broth culture of VR-2 strain, 50-16; broth culture of VGNKI-6/24 strain, 16.7; saccharose, 2.4-2.6; gelatine, 0.4-0.5; agar, 0.07-0.08. Immunogenic activity of the claimed vaccine increases as compared with the prototype when the immunizing dose is reduced 8 times. EFFECT: higher curative effect. 3 tbl
Trees' functional strategies to cope with extreme drought are essential under climate change. In a mixed Mediterranean forest, we analyzed the functional strategy in response to drought of four co-occurring species (Pinus pinea, Pinus pinaster, Juniperus oxycedrus, and Quercus ilex) during two years. Specifically, we assessed functional traits related to tree water status, leaf water relations, and gas exchange. Different trait-syndrome metrics and the functional strategies under water stress observed suggested a species drought-tolerance differentiation, with the more anysohidric Q. ilex and J. oxycedrus showing a much higher drought tolerance than the more isohydric P. pinea and P. pinaster. All species recovered from negative leaf turgor reached during peak water stress in summer. Q. ilex and J. oxycedrus kept lower leaf osmotic potentials and lower sensitivity of leaf gas exchange and leaf photochemistry to water stress. In contrast, the pine species exhibited more drought-avoidant and water-conservative strategies, yet this behavior was less effective in mitigating water stress's impact on their physiology. The pine species were the most affected by drought, with prolonged near-zero net photosynthesis during summer. P. pinaster was more isohydric than P. pinea and exhibited a lower capacity to maintain leaf turgor. Physiological processes regulating leaf turgor under drought constitute a key functional strategy involved in the carbon and water-related mechanisms, ultimately inducing mortality under hot drought. The currently observed mortality dynamics for P. pinaster, and to a lower extent in P. pinea, may be exacerbated by loss of functional homeostasis.
A cDNA molecule corresponding to a newly discovered human gene is disclosed. The new gene, which is frequently deleted in liver cancer cells and cell lines, is called the DLC-1 gene. Because the gene is frequently deleted in liver cancer cells, but present in normal cells, it is thought to act as a tumor suppressor. This gene is also frequently deleted in breast and colon cancers, and its expression is decreased or undetectable in many prostate and colon cancers. Also disclosed is the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the DLC-1 gene. Methods of using these biological materials in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, and adenocarcinomas are presented.
Obesity rates are increasing world-wide with most of the increase in women of the reproductive age group. While recognised as an important contributor to non-communicable diseases, pregnant women with obesity are particularly at risk of not only maternal and pregnant complications but also have an increased risk of congenital malformations. Furthermore, pregnant obese women are more likely to be older and therefore at a greater risk of aneuploidy. Prenatal diagnosis in these women especially those who are morbidly obese is challenging due not only to their weight but the implications of the increase adiposity on biochemical markers of aneuploidy. In this review we discuss the current challenges in providing prenatal diagnosis for these women including those related to the ergonomics of ultrasound and those inherent in them because of their obesity. Appropriate counselling for these women should include the lower sensitivity of the tests, the difficulties in performing some of the procedures (imaging and invasive testing) as well as the increased risk of structural abnormalities related to their obesity.