anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Stroke is a leading cause of disability globally, with many survivors experiencing persistent balance impairments that affect the quality of their life. In this context, the use of balance-focused rehabilitation might represent a promising strategy over traditional methods. The integration of biofeedback and advanced technology in rehabilitation, such as audiovisual feedback, can enhance cortical activation, sensory integration, and patient engagement. Exergaming, a specific form of biofeedback, exhibits potential in improving functional recovery and motivation in stroke rehabilitation. In fact, visual feedback has shown effectiveness in chronic stroke patients. Given the rising incidence of stroke and the associated challenges, it is crucial to explore new intervention strategies that leverage technological advancements for better balance recovery. Previous studies have shown promising results in subacute stroke patients using an integrated biofeedback system that combine inertial measurement units (IMUs) and a sensorized force platform. The current study aims to evaluate the effects of sensor-based training with exergaming feedback on balance functions in individuals with chronic stroke.
Stroke patients referred to occupational therapy division of geriatric day hospital will be recruited and randomly assigned to a multisensory therapy group or a conventional training group. The Multisensory therapy group received 12 weeks (two sessions/ week; 90 minutes/session) training. Each session began with 15 minutes of sensory stimulation (cold and vibration), 45 minutes of motor training and 30 minutes of self-care training. The conventional training group included 12 weeks (two sessions/ week; 90 minutes/session) training. Each session included 60 minutes of upper extremity motor practice and 30 minutes of self-care training.

Outcome measures included: Brunnstrom's stage, Fugl-Meyer Assessment Scale and Functional Test for the Hemiplegic Upper Extremity were used for upper limb motor control and function; and Manual muscle testing was used for muscle strength. The modified Barthel Index was used for self-care performance
DBT online program involving three DBT skills taught across three lessons. The DBT online program will be based on a brief DBT skills intervention previously developed and pilot tested by Dr. Whiteside. This DBT online program will provide far greater clinical intensity than Intervention 1 and will be delivered with a widely-used modular software platform suitable for an R-34 project.
This is a Phase 4, multi-center, open-label, randomized pragmatic superiority clinical trial comparing two strategies for initial or step-down oral therapy for complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI) without bacteremia with a uropathogen after 0-48 hours of parenteral antibiotic therapy. The trial will evaluate the success and safety of a strategy of initial or step-down fosfomycin, administered at a dose of 3 g once daily, vs. a strategy of initial or step-down levofloxacin administered at a dose of 750 mg once daily. Investigator-directed adjustment to another adequate oral therapy is allowed 1) if the causative pathogen is not susceptible in vitro to quinolone initial or step-down therapy in a subject randomized to the levofloxacin strategy, OR 2) if the subject develops an intolerance or allergy to the initial step-down oral therapy and at the investigator's discretion, OR 3) the subject has an underlying condition posing increasing risk for adverse events from quinolone therapy. The duration of oral therapy (initial + subsequent if indicated) in each strategy is 5-7 days of any per protocol antibiotic to which the pathogen is susceptible. The dosing of oral therapy depends on creatinine clearance (CrCl). The trial will enroll approximately 634 patients that are either male or female aged 18 or older with cUTI from outpatient and inpatient settings. The study will take place over 25 months in up to 15 US sites. The primary objective is to compare Strategy 1 and Strategy 2 in terms of treatment success rates at Test of Cure (TOC). The secondary objectives are: 1) to assess the safety of Fosfomycin; 2) to compare Strategy 1 and Strategy 2 in terms of solicited adverse events; 3) to compare Strategy 1 and Strategy 2 in terms of treatment success rates at End of Therapy (EOT).
Sepsis, a multiorgan dysfunction with high incidence and mortality, is caused by an imbalanced host-to-infection immune response. Organ-support therapy improves the early survival rate of sepsis patients. In the long term, those who survive the "cytokine storm" and its secondary damage usually show higher susceptibility to secondary infections and sepsis-induced immunosuppression, in which regulatory T cells (Tregs) are evidenced to play an essential role. However, the potential role and mechanism of Tregs in sepsis-induced immunosuppression remains elusive. In this review, we elucidate the role of different functional subpopulations of Tregs during sepsis and then review the mechanism of sepsis-induced immunosuppression from the aspects of regulatory characteristics, epigenetic modification, and immunometabolism of Tregs. Thoroughly understanding how Tregs impact the immune system during sepsis may shed light on preclinical research and help improve the translational value of sepsis immunotherapy.
The long delay before genomic technologies become available in low- and middle-income countries is a concern from both scientific and ethical standpoints. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs), a relatively recent advance in genomics, could have a substantial impact on promoting health by improving disease risk prediction and guiding preventive strategies. However, clinical use of PRSs in their current forms might widen global health disparities, as their portability to diverse groups is limited. This Perspective highlights the need for global collaboration to develop and implement PRSs that perform equitably across the world. Such collaboration requires capacity building and the generation of new data in low-resource settings, the sharing of harmonized genotype and phenotype data securely across borders, novel population genetics and statistical methods to improve PRS performance, and thoughtful clinical implementation in diverse settings. All this needs to occur while considering the ethical, legal and social implications, with support from regulatory and funding agencies and policymakers.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a body weight increase-inhibiting composition which inhibits the excessive increase of body weight caused by various reasons to reduce body overweight.  <P>SOLUTION: This composition for inhibiting the excessive increase of body weight and/or reducing body overweight is characterized by containing D-psicose. The composition for preventing obesity and/or improving an obese state is characterized by containing D-psicose. The D-psicose is preferably contained in an amount of 1 to 90 wt.%. The D-psicose is D-psicose and/or its derivative. A method for inhibiting the excessive increase of body weight and/or reducing body overweight is characterized by using the composition for a human being and/or an animal needing to inhibit the excessive increase of body weight and/or reducing body overweight. A method for preventing obesity and/or improving an obese state is characterized by using the composition for a human being and/or an animal needing to prevent obesity and/or improving an obese state.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
A male in his late 30s was found dead in his home. He was diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about six years prior. The HIV infection was well controlled before his death. He was 166 cm in height and 75 kg in weight. Aside from discoloration of the skin on the right lower patellar, there were no obvious injuries. His brain weighed 1456 g. A cut surface of the brain revealed left thalamic hemorrhage. Histologically, infiltration of phagocytic cells was observed in the bleeding site. Thalamic hemorrhage was considered to be his cause of death in this case. Due to the effects of anti-HIV therapy, the mortality rate from HIV infection has decreased and the causes of death of HIV-infected persons have changed. HIV-infected persons have been suggested to be associated with cerebrovascular disease, especially juvenile ischemic stroke. Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have an increased risk of cerebrovascular disease. Possible mechanisms of cerebrovascular disease in HIV-infected individuals include coagulopathy, secondary effects of embolism and central nervous system infection, and direct vascular disease due to HIV. At the time of autopsy, his post-mortem interval was estimated to be approximately two weeks. Therefore, it was difficult to clarify histologically the cerebrovascular disorder that caused his cerebral hemorrhage. In recent years, anti-HIV therapy has reduced the number of AIDS-related deaths, but deaths in HIV-infected people from cardiovascular disease are increasing. This case is considered to be a valuable forensic autopsy case of an HIV-infected patient who actually died due to cerebral hemorrhage in Japan.
A fibrin glue includes a fibrinogen component and a thrombin component, both prepared from single donor plasma. The plasma is precipitated to produce a precipitate containing fibrinogen and a supernatant containing the thrombin. The precipitate may be resuspended in a small volume of supernatant and used as the fibrinogen component. The supernatant is further treated by clotting to convert residual fibrinogen to fibrin and filtration to remove the fibrin. Optionally, at least a portion of the anti-thrombin III originally present in the supernatant may be removed to prolong thrombin activity therein. The resulting serum can be used as the thrombin component.
INTRODUCTION: Hemorrhoidal pathology is the most frequent proctological problem with a prevalence of 44% of the adult population. The most effective treatment is surgery but it also has the highest postoperative pain rate with moderate to severe pain rates of 30-40% during the first 24-48 hours. Here lies the importance of seeking measures to improve this situation, such as the pudendal nerve block with local anesthetic. However, the variability of the pudendal nerve sometimes makes its blockade ineffective and for this reason nerve location methods are sought to achieve a higher rate of success. The main aim of the study is to compare pain in the immediate postoperative period (24 h) after hemorrhoidectomy in patients with pudendal nerve block guided by anatomical references and guided by neurostimulation.
METHODS: The present project proposes the performance of a single-center, triple-blind, randomized clinical trial of efficacy, carried out under conditions of routine clinical practice. Patients over 18 years old with hemorrhoids refractory to medical treatment, symptomatic grade III-IV and grade II hemorrhoids that do not respond to conservative procedures in a third level hospital in Spain and that are subsidiaries of surgery in major ambulatory surgery will be included. Demographic variables, variables on hemorrhoidal pathology, details of surgery, verbal numeric pain scale in the preoperative period and surgical complications will be collected.
RESULTS: Not avaliable until the end of the study.
CONCLUSIONS: The pudendal nerve block guided by anatomical landmarks has been shown to be useful in postoperative pain control after hemorrhoidectomy although the use of the neurostimulator has not been well studied and we believe it may improve outcom.
The long-term goal is to develop a practical and sustainable system of diabetes management that will help low income patients achieve and maintain goals within established treatment guidelines regardless of geographic location. This randomized clinical trial will employ the innovative FORA system, an inexpensive, off-the-shelf, state-of-the-art technology comprised of a 2-in-1 Blood Glucose and Blood Pressure monitor, coupled with nurse case management (TACM) to optimize diabetes care for low income, rural adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The target population will be low income patients served in Federally Qualified Health Care Centers (FQHCs) with poorly controlled T2DM residing in coastal South Carolina. Two hundred patients will be randomly assigned to two groups of 100 patients each; Group A (Usual Care) and Group B (Technology-assisted Case Management, TACM). Each patient will be followed for 6 months, with study visits at baseline, 3, and 6 months. The primary outcome will be Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) at 6 months post-randomization while the secondary outcomes will be blood pressure control and quality of life (qol) at 6 months post-randomization.
Vascular calcification (VC) is a critical complication in chronic kidney disease (CKD), where transcription factors (TFs) and microRNAs (miRs) could potentially play a pivotal role in its pathogenesis and progression. To explore the potential molecular mechanism by which the TF D-box-binding protein (DBP) regulates the miR-195-5p/cyclin D1 (CCND1) axis and its impact on aortic VC in CKD rats, we established a rat model of CKD with VC through a 5/6 nephrectomy procedure. This model was treated with lentivirus overexpressing DBP or CCND1 to analyze their roles in aortic VC. Additionally, an in vitro cell model of VC was induced by high phosphorus. This model underwent transfection with lentivirus overexpressing DBP or miR-195-5p mimic/inhibitor to confirm their regulatory roles in aortic VC in vitro. We assessed the interactions between DBP and miR-195-5p, as well as between miR-195-5p and CCND1. Our results indicated that the expression of DBP and miR-195-5p was reduced, while CCND1 levels were elevated in both the rat and cell models.  Overexpression of miR-195-5p inhibited VC in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Bioinformatics prediction and dual luciferase assays confirmed that DBP could act as a TF to enhance miR-195-5p expression, with Ccnd1 identified as a downstream target gene of miR-195-5p. Overexpression of DBP inhibited aortic calcification in CKD rats, whereas overexpression of CCND1 produced the opposite effect. In conclusion, the TF DBP can inhibit CCND1 expression through transcriptional activation of miR-195-5p, thereby preventing VC in rats with CKD.
A hospitalization is a major stressor in a child's life, which can have negative effects on recovery. It is assumed that animal-assisted interventions can have a positive effect on the level of stress, but this has not yet been sufficiently researched. This study aims to measure a possible effect. Children who are hospitalized will receive an animal-assisted activity. A normal afternoon in their hospital room counts as a control activity. The stress level is measured through saliva cortisol, blood pressure, heart rhythm variability and a visual analogue stress scale.
Participants will ingest a capsule containing 100mg of the antibiotic d-cycloserine one hour prior to receiving theta-burst stimulation (TBS; a patterned stimulation). Their baseline motor evoked potentials (MEP) will be recorded for 20 minutes prior to receiving the first TBS to the motor cortex and change in MEP amplitude will be measured following stimulation up to 60minutes later. They will then receive a second TBS to the motor cortex and change in MEP amplitude will again be measured following stimulation up to 60minutes later.
Recent evidence has documented associations between higher levels of inflammation and social approach behaviors toward close others in laboratory-based tasks. Yet it is unknown if this translates to interactions with close others in daily life. Given that momentary experiences of social connection have both relational and health consequences, this is a critical gap in our knowledge. To address the association between inflammation and momentary social connection experiences in close relationships, 55 participants provided blood samples on two consecutive days, which were assayed for circulating levels of the inflammatory marker interleukin-6 (IL-6). After providing the first blood sample, participants received the annual influenza vaccine as a mild inflammatory challenge. Participants also reported on cognitive, affective, and behavioral indicators of social connection with a specific close other multiple times across the two study days. Results indicated that levels of IL-6 were positively associated with temporally-proximal indicators of momentary social connection with a close other. Specifically, higher levels of IL-6 were associated with greater feelings of comfort from the close other, greater desire to be near them, and higher reported relationship quality. Greater IL-6 reactivity to the vaccine was only associated with increased reported relationship quality. These data add to the existing literature suggesting that higher levels of IL-6 may motivate social approach toward a close other, extending evidence to now include momentary social connection experiences in daily life.
Meningiomas are the most common primary central nervous system tumors. The preferred treatment is maximum safe resection, and the heterogeneity of meningiomas results in a variable prognosis. Progression/recurrence (P/R) can occur at any grade of meningioma and is a common adverse outcome after surgical treatment and a major cause of postoperative rehospitalization, secondary surgery, and mortality. Early prediction of P/R plays an important role in postoperative management, further adjuvant therapy, and follow-up of patients. Therefore, it is essential to thoroughly analyze the heterogeneity of meningiomas and predict postoperative P/R with the aid of noninvasive preoperative imaging. In recent years, the development of advanced magnetic resonance imaging technology and machine learning has provided new insights into noninvasive preoperative prediction of meningioma P/R, which helps to achieve accurate prediction of meningioma P/R. This narrative review summarizes the current research on conventional magnetic resonance imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and machine learning in predicting meningioma P/R. We further explore the significance of tumor microenvironment in meningioma P/R, linking imaging features with tumor microenvironment to comprehensively reveal tumor heterogeneity and provide new ideas for future research.
BACKGROUND: The survival benefit from later-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) remains disappointing. Here, in a real-world study, we were aimed to evaluate which choice will affect the survival of mCRC patients after standard treatment in Chinese patients.
METHODS: A total of 129 patients with refractory mCRC were involved in the study. They received targeted monotherapy or combined with chemo-agents or PD-1 inhibitor before death. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were reviewed and evaluated from clinical features and treatment options.
RESULTS: Among the 129 patients, the median age was 56 years (25-81). The mOS from third-line was 12.5 months. OS of patients who treated with chemo plus targeted therapy group in third-line was shown to be superior to pd-1 inhibitor in combination with antiangiogenic agents or antiangiogenic monotherapy group (15.6 m vs. 10.5 m vs. 8.4 m, p < 0.05). Patients had received triplet-drugs (bevacizumab plus low-dose irinotecan and oxaliplatin) and had prolonged survival compared to those had not (21.3 m vs 10.3 m, p = 0.004). OS between patients who had immunotherapy history or not was not significantly different (p > 0.05). The mPFS was 3.5 months in patients who had administered with antiangiogenic targeted agents plus anti-pd-1 and 4.7 months in chemo plus targeted therapy group and 2.2 months in the other group. In the triplet drugs group, preliminary results showed that ORR was 13.3% and DCR was 80%. The median PFS was 5.1 m, and the median OS was 10.6 m.
CONCLUSIONS: Triplet drugs resulted in significantly longer overall survival, and immunotherapy may have limited benefit in MSS type CRC patients.
BACKGROUND: Anemia is a common complication of tuberculosis (TB), and there is evidence that its prevalence is higher in patients with TB. Although TB is very important in epidemiology, careful investigation of TB-related anemia in children has not been carried out systematically. This study aimed to describe the details of anemia in children with TB and its association with clinical characteristics and the severity of inflammation.
METHODS: In this retrospective study, we explored Hb levels in 103 children with pulmonary TB (PTB) and they were divided into anemic or non-anemic groups. Logistics regression analysis was used to study the associations between anemia and demographic characteristics. Spearman correlations analysis was performed to analyse the associations between the biochemical parameters and hemoglobin levels in blood.
RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia in children with TB was 37.9% (48.7% showed microcytic hypochromic anemia, and 5.1% showed normal cell anemia). Compared with the anemia (n = 39) group, the non-anemic group (n = 64) had longer fever duration and increased respiratory rate (P < 0.05). In logistic regression analysis, anemia was associated with lower levels of Alb and higher levels of WBC, CRP, LDH, and ESR (P < 0.05). Spearman correlations analysis showed a significant negative correlation between hemoglobin (Hb) levels and inflammatory markers. After one month of antitubercular therapy (ATT), the Hb levels of 76.9% children returned to normal.
CONCLUSIONS: Anemia is common among children with TB at diagnosis. The majority of children with TB-related anemia are mild to moderate microcytic hypochromic anemia. There is a strong correlation between the severity of anemia and the inflammation induced by TB. This suggests that anemia is a biomarker of the severity of TB in clinical practice among children.
Participants will be given sugar water which contains 24% sucrose. As per pharmacy at The Hospital for Sick Children, Sucrose is not classified as a drug as per Health Canada.
The incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients ranges widely from 16% to 21% and is associated with adverse outcomes. The exact cause of POCD remains unknown. Extensive studies report that epigenetic modification, including the alteration of DNA methylation and chromatin structure, plays an important part in the regulation of memory and learning. The present study thus hypothesize that epigenetic modification may increase the risk for POCD. The present study will enrolled the elderly patients (aged≥65) and young and middle-aged patents (aged 20-50) who are planning to undergo elective noncardiac surgery under general anesthesia. Perioperative clinical characteristics of all patients will be recorded. Participants enrolled will be evaluated for POCD with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) on preoperative day, postoperative days 1. Postoperative pain will be evaluated by the numerical rating scale (NRS). The patients' blood will be collected in the morning on the day before surgery and after surgery when they recover consciousness for the detection of concentration of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).

The present study may help to find whether epigenetic changes will occur after surgical and anesthesia stress and will be an important factor for POCD in elderly patients.