anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Lower oxidative capacity in skeletal muscles (SKMs) is a prevailing cause of metabolic diseases. Exercise not only enhances the fatty acid oxidation (FAO) capacity of SKMs but also increases lactate levels. Given that lactate may contribute to tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) flux and impact monocarboxylate transporter 1 in the SKMs, we hypothesize that lactate can influence glucose and fatty acid (FA) metabolism. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the mechanism underlying lactate-driven FAO regulation in the SKM of mice with diet-induced obesity (DIO). Lactate was administered to DIO mice immediately after exercise for over 3 wk. We found that increased lactate levels enhanced energy expenditure mediated by fat metabolism during exercise recovery and decreased triglyceride levels in DIO mice SKMs. To determine the lactate-specific effects without exercise, we administered lactate to mice on a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 wk. Similar to our exercise conditions, lactate increased FAO, TCA cycle activity, and mitochondrial respiration in the SKMs of HFD-fed mice. In addition, under sufficient FA conditions, lactate increased uncoupling protein-3 abundance via the NADH-NAD+ shuttle. Conversely, ATP synthase abundance decreased in the SKMs of HFD mice. Taken together, our results suggest that lactate amplifies the adaptive increase in FAO capacity mediated by the TCA cycle and mitochondrial respiration in SKMs under sufficient FA abundance.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Lactate administration post-exercise promotes triglyceride content loss in skeletal muscles (SKMs) and reduced body weight. Lactate enhances fatty acid oxidation in the SKMs of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice due to enhanced mitochondrial oxygen consumption. In addition, lactate restores the malate-aspartate shuttle, which is reduced by a HFD, and activates the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle in SKMs. Interestingly, supraphysiological lactate facilitates uncoupling protein-3 expression through NADH/NAD+, which is enhanced under high-fat levels in SKMs.
A method and system for use in treating a patient receiving an anticoagulant or a substance containing warfarin to optimize therapy and prevent an adverse drug response. The system performs the steps shown in blocks (10, 12) of the flow chart. The system employs surrogate markers or indicators including blood levels of the anticoagulant to determine the next required dose for a patient. Because the surrogate markers are employed as a percent change in status, virtually any indicator can be used. Surrogate markers could include any measure of effectiveness of the anticoagulant's action. Given the effectiveness of the anticoagulant's action relative to the surrogate markers, a change in anticoagulant dose is calculated by the system. Conversely, by employing this system, one could determine the expected result of the anticoagulant dose change on the surrogate markers.
BACKGROUND: Cancer pain management is critical, especially at advanced stages. This is particularly important in Africa as most cancers are typically diagnosed at advanced stages. Given the central role of adequate pain management in advanced cancer care, this scoping review aims to examine the utilisation of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) in cancer pain management within African healthcare settings.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This scoping review will apply the Arksey and O'Malley framework. A systematic search will be conducted in PubMed, African Journals Online and Google Scholar, focusing on studies conducted in Africa involving PCA and cancer pain. A two-step screening process will be used, title/abstract screening and full-text screening, with inclusion criteria emphasising relevance to cancer pain, PCA usage and African context. A thematic analysis approach will categorise data into themes related to PCA utilisation, effectiveness, barriers and outcomes. Tables and figures will be used for presentation.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This review will involve a secondary analysis of already published literature; therefore, ethical approval is not required. The findings of our scoping review will be published in an open-access, peer-reviewed journal on completion.
The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine for therapy of rigidity by promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. The medicine comprises 5-15g of rhizome of rehmannia, 8-12g of herba epimedii, 9-16g of notopterygium root, 5-12g of radix angelicae pubescentis, 5-15g of zaocys dhumnade, 15-25g of parasitic loranthus, 15-22g of stir-baked cortex eucommiae, 17-22g of Manis pentadactyla, 18-22g of angelica sinensis, 15-20g of reticulate millettia, 5-18g of chinese clematis, 10-25g of rhizoma cibotii, 10-35g of fructus psoraleae, 10-35g of cassia twig, 3-5 centipedes, 10-60g of radix astragali and 5-20g of achyranthes root. The preparation method is to boil the mixture of above ingredients with water and make into decoction. The use method is one dose per day which is evenly separated into three equal parts for day, noon and night servings respectively. After a period of intake of the medicine the patient can witness a debilitating trend of Thl cells in the peripheral blood and an ascending trend of Th2 cells. The curative effects are especially observable to the T helper cell subsets of AS patients. At the same time the medicine also has the functions of spleen nourishment, blood circulation promotion and blood stasis removal.
While it is widely accepted that the nutritional management of the infant with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is paramount to achieve normal growth and development, nutritional management is also of importance beyond 1 year of age, particularly in toddlers, to support the delayed infantile stage of growth that may extend to 2-3 years of age. Puberty is also a vulnerable period when nutritional needs are higher to support the expected growth spurt. Inadequate nutritional intake throughout childhood can result in failure to achieve full adult height potential, and there is an increased risk for abnormal neurodevelopment. Conversely, the rising prevalence of overweight and obesity among children with CKD underscores the necessity for effective nutritional strategies to mitigate the risk of metabolic syndrome that is not confined to the post-transplant population. Nutritional management is of primary importance in improving metabolic equilibrium and reducing CKD-related imbalances, particularly as the range of foods eaten by the child widens as they get older (including increased consumption of processed foods), and as CKD progresses. The aim of this review is to integrate the Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce (PRNT) clinical practice recommendations (CPRs) for children (1-18 years) with CKD stages 2-5 and on dialysis (CKD2-5D). We provide a holistic approach to the overall nutritional management of the toddler, child, and young person. Collaboration between physicians and pediatric kidney dietitians is strongly advised to ensure comprehensive and tailored nutritional care for children with CKD, ultimately optimizing their growth and development.
Penetrating cerebrovascular injuries (PCVIs) are uncommon, with little data to guide management when emergent operative repair is not performed. Investigators hypothesized that PCVIs may be managed with antithrombotic therapy and directed use of endovascular interventions, but that PCVIs may require enhanced surveillance due to a risk of delayed complications. To perform this study, investigators will review patients with penetrating carotid and vertebral artery injuries managed at an urban Level I trauma center from 2016 to 2022. Patients will be included if they underwent initial nonoperative management (NOM). Patient characteristics, injury details, treatments, serial imaging, outcomes, and complications will be assessed in a retrospective manner using chart abstraction. Investigators will briefly compare these patients to those managed with upfront operations for context.
Large-vessel vasculitis (LVV) are autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases focused on vascular inflammation. The central core of the intricate immunological and molecular network resides in the disruption of the "privileged immune state" of the arterial wall. The outbreak, initially primed by dendritic cells (DC), is then continuously powered in a feed-forward loop by the intimate cooperation between innate and adaptive immunity. If the role of adaptive immunity has been largely elucidated, knowledge of the critical function of innate immunity in LVV is still fragile. A growing body of evidence has strengthened the active role of innate immunity players and their key signaling pathways in orchestrating the complex pathomechanisms underlying LVV. Besides DC, macrophages are crucial culprits in LVV development and participate across all phases of vascular inflammation, culminating in vessel wall remodeling. In recent years, the variety of potential pathogenic actors has expanded to include neutrophils, mast cells, and soluble mediators, including the complement system. Interestingly, new insights have recently linked the inflammasome to vascular inflammation, paving the way for its potential pathogenic role in LVV. Overall, these observations encourage a new conceptual approach that includes a more in-depth study of innate immunity pathways in LVV to guide future targeted therapies.
The present invention relates to a complex of Ag, Zn, Cu, Pt, Au, oxides, hydroxides and salts thereof; with a cyclodextrin of formula (I) as defined in claim 1. Advantageously, the complex further comprises an organic therapeutic agent, preferably an antibiotic agent. The complexation according to the invention advantageously maintains the metal: organic therapeutic agent molar ratio. Even more advantageously, the complexation according to the invention enhances the intrinsic aqueous solubility of the metal-organic therapeutic agent association. The present invention further relates to compositions, pharmaceutical compositions and adequate formulations and uses thereof as well as devices comprising a complex of the invention. Lastly, the invention relates to a method for improving the aqueous solubility of a metal selected from Ag, Zn, Cu, Pt, Au, Ru, As, Sb, Bi, Ti, V, Ni, Hg, Pb, Co, oxides, hydroxides and salts thereof by providing a reaction mixture comprising said metal, an aqueous medium and a cyclodextrin of formula (I) as defined in claim 1.
PURPOSE:To obtain a novel polypeptide A, having specific physico-chemical properties, and useful as a biochemical reagent due to the specific neurotoxic activity, from a crude extract solution of a venom sac of Vespa mandarina Smith. CONSTITUTION:A crude extract solution obtained from a venom sac of Vespa mandarina Smith is ultracentrifuged, and the resultant supernatant liquid is then subjected to the steps of gel filtration, ultrafiltration and ion exchange chromatography to separate and collect the aimed novel polypeptide A, exhibiting the neurotoxic activity and having the physico-chemical proerties as shown in the following items (i)-(v): (i) Amino acid composition: shown in the table. (ii) Molecular weight: 20000 measured by the gel filtration method, 20000 measured by the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide disk gel-electrophoretic method and 19000 measured by the amino acid analysis. (iii) Isoelectric point: pI=9.1. (iv) Ultraviolet absorption spectrum: maximal value A (1%/280nm) 15.1. (v) (Basicity, neutral or acidic): Basic substance.
During the Part 1/MAD period, a lumbar procedure (LP) will be performed at the same frequency as ION440 administration. Participants will not receive ITB injections during this period. It will be followed by the open-label Part 2/LTE period, where participants will receive ION440 at the same dose as their enrolled cohort (e.g. Dose A, Dose B or Dose C).
BACKGROUND: Frailty is a significant concern in the field of public health. However, currently, there is a lack of widely recognized and reliable biological markers for frailty. This study aims to investigate the association between systemic inflammatory biomarkers and frailty in the older adult population in the United States.
METHODS: This study employed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2007 to 2018 and conducted a rigorous cross-sectional analysis. We constructed weighted logistic regression models to explore the correlation between the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI), and frailty in the population aged 40 to 80 years. Using restricted cubic spline (RCS), we successfully visualized the relationship between SII, SIRI, and frailty. Finally, we presented stratified analyses and interaction tests of covariates in a forest plot.
RESULTS: This study involved 11,234 participants, 45.95% male and 54.05% female, with an average age of 64.75 ± 0.13 years. After adjusting for relevant covariates, the weighted logistic regression model indicated an odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval(CI) for the correlation between frailty and the natural logarithm (ln) transformed lnSII and lnSIRI as 1.38 (1.24-1.54) and 1.69 (1.53-1.88), respectively. Subsequently, we assessed different levels of lnSII and lnSIRI, finding consistent results. In the lnSII group model, the likelihood of frailty significantly increased in the fourth quartile (OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.55-2.12) compared to the second quartile. In the lnSIRI group model, the likelihood of frailty significantly increased in the third quartile (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.10-1.53) and fourth quartile (OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.95-2.70) compared to the second quartile. The interaction results indicate that age and income-to-poverty ratio influence the association between lnSIRI and frailty. RCS demonstrated a nonlinear relationship between lnSII, lnSIRI, and frailty.
CONCLUSION: The results of this cross-sectional study indicate a positive correlation between systemic inflammatory biomarkers (SII, SIRI) and frailty.
FIELD: medicine, gastroenterology. SUBSTANCE: ulcer defect is pricked about with lysozyme at dose 100-150 mg and then with solcoseryl or actovegin at dose 4-5 ml and ulcer is sprayed with sea-buckthorn oil. Administration points were changed at the following procedure. Procedure is carried out each other day, 3-5 procedures for treatment course. EFFECT: decreased period of treatment. 3 cl
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by disorganized thoughts, difficulty concentrating, and hallucinations. Individuals with schizophrenia often experience reduced emotional, social, and occupational functioning. Data indicate that antipsychotic drug treatment and occupational training and support may be effective in helping people with schizophrenia maintain a stable job. Risperidone and olanzapine are antipsychotic drugs; participants in this study will be taking either risperidone or olanzapine for the duration of the study. This study will provide schizophrenia patients with employment support alone or with behavioral skills training to determine which combination is more effective in helping patients obtain and maintain a job.

At study entry, participants will undergo a clinical and diagnostic evaluation to determine the severity of their schizophrenia. Participants will be tapered off their regular medication for schizophrenia over 4 weeks. At the end of Week 4, they will be randomly assigned to receive either risperidone or olanzapine. Participants will then be assigned an Individual Placement and Support (IPS) specialist to assist them in finding a job. After participants secure a job, they will be randomly assigned to receive IPS either alone or with the Workplace Fundamentals Skills Training Module for 2 years. Participants' risperidone or olanzapine treatment will continue during this 2-year period. Participants will have clinic visits at study entry and Months 7, 12, and 24. At each visit, participants will complete questionnaires and will be interviewed about their schizophrenia symptoms and occupational functioning.
PURPOSE: A composition for preventing alopecia or promoting hair growth using Duchesnea chrysanthe extract is provided to suppress 5alpha-reductase activity. CONSTITUTION: A composition for preventing alopecia or promoting hair growth contains Duchesnea chrysanthe extract as an active ingredient. The extract is prepared from whole plant of Duchesnea chrysanthe using water and 70% ethanol. The composition further contains red ginseng powder or red ginseng extract. The composition is a hair cosmetic composition. The cosmetic composition is manufactured in the form of an emulsion, lotion, cream, solution, suspension, anhydrous product, gel, and powder. The composition is also a shampoo, soap, or pharmaceutical composition.
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at increased risk for developing premature macrovascular complications. The process of irreversible subclinical damage to the vasculature already starts during its preceding stages. At diagnosis, patients with T2DM already have evidence of subclinical vascular damage. Recent trials have shown no benefit of glucose lowering therapy when started later in the course of the disease, implicating that early interventions could be more effective in preventing macrovascular complications. Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors are oral antidiabetic drugs that increase the action of the naturally gut hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), leading to improvement of postprandial insulin secretion, without hypoglycaemia or weight gain. DPP4 inhibitors improve beta-cell function and insulin resistance. More importantly, off-target effects on adipose tissue inflammation, liver steatosis and atherosclerotic plaques have been extensively documented in animal studies. Furthermore, DDP4 inhibitors improve the cardiovascular risk profile in small clinical studies. Based on these considerations the investigators hypothesize that early therapy with the DPP4 inhibitor linagliptin in subjects with type 2 diabetes will lead to beneficial effects on arterial stiffness, blood pressure and inflammatory markers independent of its effects on glycemic control.
Arm 2 will be conducted from months 10-33 and will use information learned in arm 1 to develop and beta test an educational curriculum. Arm 2 also is not a clinical trial, but is a crucial part of what builds to the clinical trial.
The invention relates to a method for extracting Chinese medicinal bioactive ingredients, in particular to a method for separating and purifying ginsenoside Rb3 serving as an active ingredient for reducing blood sugar. According to the method, total saponins of ginseng stems and leaves are used as a raw material and mixed with methanol and silica gel, and the mixture is prepared into powdery sample glue by water bath evaporation to dryness. By using dry loading, the problem that the total saponins of the ginseng stems and leaves are difficult to dissolve is solved. The high-purity ginsenoside Rb3 is prepared by adopting column chromatography separation and purification. The method is easy to operate, high in yield, low in cost and the like, and does not introduce toxic substances; and the ginsenoside Rb3 can be used for treating and preventing diabetes. The method has significance for research of preparation and development of the functional ginsenoside.
Systems and methods for operably coupling medical device(s) together with an evaluation device such that closed-loop processing may occur are provided. To achieve closed-loop processing, the evaluation device is configured to receive diagnostic information related to physiological attributes of a patient and operational-status information of the medical device(s). Upon receipt of this information, the evaluation device may automatically analyze the data and automatically compose instructions based on the analysis. Analyzing includes comparing the data against content within an electronic medical record (EMR) or applying rules to the data. The rules are built on evidence-based medical procedures consistent with current medical practice. The instructions, when distributed and implemented, invoke actions at the medical device(s), such as dispensing a medication and reprogramming configuration settings, as well as actions at a notification component configured to request a healthcare professional to intervene in a patient's treatment and to provide feedback of medical events.
The Fluidotherapy® Unit and exercises group (FLO). They were required to complete wrist exercises in Fluidotherapy® Unit box for 15 minutes with the following exercises finger abduction/adduction, finger flexion/extension, forearm supination/pronation, wrist flexion/extension, and wrist radial deviation/ulnar deviation. Each patient performed two sets of fifteen repetitions for each exercise, totaling 15-minutes.
###  Pediatric

The pharmacokinetics of candesartan cilexetil have not been investigated in patients <18 years of age.

###  Geriatric

The pharmacokinetics of candesartan have been studied in the elderly (≥ 65 years). The plasma concentration of candesartan was higher in the elderly (Cmax was approximately 50% higher, and AUC was approximately 80% higher) compared to younger subjects administered the same dose. The pharmacokinetics of candesartan were linear in the elderly, and candesartan and its inactive metabolite did not accumulate in the serum of these subjects upon repeated, once-daily administration. No initial dosage adjustment is necessary. (See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.)

###  Gender

There is no difference in the pharmacokinetics of candesartan between male and female subjects.

###  Renal Insufficiency

In hypertensive patients with renal insufficiency, serum concentrations of candesartan were elevated. After repeated dosing, the AUC and Cmaxwere approximately doubled in patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min/1.73m2) compared to patients with normal kidney function. The pharmacokinetics of candesartan in hypertensive patients undergoing hemodialysis are similar to those in hypertensive patients with severe renal impairment. Candesartan cannot be removed by hemodialysis. No initial dosage adjustment is necessary in patients with renal insufficiency. 

Thiazide diuretics are eliminated by the kidney, with a terminal half-life of 5-15 hours. In a study of patients with impaired renal function (mean creatinine clearance of 19 mL/min), the half-life of hydrochlorothiazide elimination was lengthened to 21 hours. (See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.)

###  Hepatic Insufficiency

The pharmacokinetics of candesartan were compared in patients with mild (Child-Pugh A) or moderate (Child-Pugh B) hepatic impairment to matched healthy volunteers following a single dose of 16 mg candesartan cilexetil. The AUC for candesartan in patients with mild and moderate hepatic impairment was increased 30% and 145% respectively. The Cmax for candesartan was increased 56% and 73% respectively. The pharmacokinetics of candesartan in severe hepatic impairment have not been studied. No dose adjustment is recommended for patients with mild hepatic impairment. In patients with moderate hepatic impairment, consideration should be given to initiation of ATACAND at a lower dose, such as 8 mg. If a lower starting dose is selected for candesartan cilexetil, ATACAND HCT is not recommended for initial titration because the appropriate initial starting dose of candesartan cilexetil cannot be given. (See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).

Thiazide diuretics should be used with caution in patients with hepatic impairment. (See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.)
The Ctl group (n =16) will receive physiotherapy usual care treatments during a 6-week period. The Ctl group will receive 2 physiotherapy treatments (30 minutes) in the clinic per week (total of 12 treatments) as well as an individualized home exercise program (HEP). Treatments will include range of motion exercises, manual therapy treatments, modalities, and strengthening exercises, as determined by the treating physiotherapist. Specific muscle group exercises and parameters will be documented by the treating physiotherapist on a provided summary sheet.