anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention discloses a novel production process for total flavones of hippophae rhamnoides. The process comprises the steps as follows: washing raw materials; adding into a feeding hopper; rotating a mainframe of an extraction tank set; enabling materials to be fed into the front end of the extraction tank set backwardly and slowly; at the same time, enabling extracting solvents to enter into extraction tanks from a liquid inlet pipe at the tail end of the extraction tank set, penetrate through the moving materials from the rear ends of the tanks and flow to the front ends; and enabling the solid phase materials and the liquid phase materials to be fully contacted in the inverse motion so as to extract effective ingredients from the medicinal materials. Dregs are forcedly conveyed to a discharge hole for discharge through a discharge conveyer and squeezed by a special squeezer to squeeze out residual liquor in the dregs from the tissues of the medicinal materials so as to reduce the content of the residual liquor in the dregs. The extraction efficiency is higher and the extraction process is safer. The macroporous adsorption resin and the silica column chromatography for purification are selected and used at the same time, so that the separation effect is better. The finished total flavones of hippophae rhamnoides with the highest yield of 2% and the content of more than 70% can be obtained.
First appointment: The first visit will consist of scanning the patients' existing upper complete denture and lower mandibular implant overdenture by using a desktop scanner. In the lab, the .stl files will be 3D printed using a DLP 3D printer. Second clinical appointment: the interim printed dentures will be adjusted with wax for the desired lip support and VD. Secondary impressions will be taken to refine fit. Maxillary and mandibular interim printed dentures will be scanned separately and together with an intraoral scanner. Patient's face will also be scanned by a face scanner. 2nd lab session: .stl files will be superimposed for the digital pathway. Teeth and denture bases will be designed virtually. Dentures bases will be manufactured by a DLP 3D printer with Dentca Resin. Dentures will receive Dentsply Portrait 3D teeth. Dentures will be finished and polished, and sandblasted in the attachment sockets. 4th appointment: denture delivery.
Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary lesion (MINOCA) represents a non-negligible percentage of the proportion of myocardial infarctions (≈6%). Moreover, the long-term prognosis is poor, with an annual mortality rate of 2%. This high mortality rate may be explained by the fact that MINOCA represents a heterogeneous group, and the diagnosis of pathology is poorly understood. It is essential to be aware of this clinical presentation, and to follow the different diagnostic strategies, in order to identify the etiological mechanism, and thus set up a suitable treatment. Many tools are available to support diagnosis, notably in the fields of imaging, the principal contributors being coronary angiography, coronary physiology and pharmacological testing, as well as endo-coronary imaging and cardiac MRI. This review will provide an update on the definition, epidemiology, diagnostic strategies and treatment options for patients with MINOCA.
In a CR (computed radiography) system having a plurality of subsystems, X-ray image data acquired by an X-ray photographing apparatus is stored in an IP (imaging plate). The X-ray image data stored in the IP is read by an image reading apparatus. IP information is input by an IP information input apparatus, and stored in an image processing and control apparatus and a management apparatus. When IP information corresponding to X-ray image data read by the image reading apparatus is stored in the image processing and control apparatus, and IP process for a case of operating a single subsystem is performed. When the IP information is not stored in the image processing and control apparatus, IP information stored in the management apparatus is retrieved. When the IP information corresponding to the X-ray image data is detected in the management apparatus, the IP process is performed in accordance with the detected IP information.
Pilocarpine is a cholinergic parasympathomimetic agent exerting a broad spectrum of pharmacologic effects with predominant muscarinic action. Pilocarpine, in appropriate dosage, can increase secretion by the exocrine glands. The sweat, salivary, lacrimal, gastric, pancreatic, and intestinal glands and the mucous cells of the respiratory tract may be stimulated. When applied topically to the eye as a single dose it causes miosis, spasm of accommodation, and may cause a transitory rise in intraocular pressure followed by a more persistent fall. Dose-related smooth muscle stimulation of the intestinal tract may cause increased tone, increased motility, spasm, and tenesmus. Bronchial smooth muscle tone may increase. The tone and motility of urinary tract, gallbladder, and biliary duct smooth muscle may be enhanced. Pilocarpine may have paradoxical effects on the cardiovascular system. The expected effect of a muscarinic agonist is vasodepression, but administration of pilocarpine may produce hypertension after a brief episode of hypotension. Bradycardia and tachycardia have both been reported with use of pilocarpine.  
In a study of 12 healthy male volunteers there was a dose-related increase in unstimulated salivary flow following single 5 and 10 mg oral doses of SALAGEN® Tablets. This effect of pilocarpine on salivary flow was time-related with an onset at 20 minutes and a peak effect at 1 hour with a duration of 3 to 5 hours (See Pharmacokinetics section).  
  
Head & Neck Cancer Patients: In a 12 week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 207 patients (placebo, N=65; 5 mg, N=73; 10 mg, N=69), increases from baseline (means 0.072 and 0.112 mL/min, ranges -0.690 to 0.728 and -0.380 to 1.689) of whole saliva flow for the 5 mg (63%) and 10 mg (90%) tablet, respectively, were seen 1 hour after the first dose of SALAGEN® Tablets. Increases in unstimulated parotid flow were seen following the first dose (means 0.025 and 0.046 mL/min, ranges 0 to 0.414 and -0.070 to 1.002 mL/min for the 5 and 10 mg dose, respectively). In this study, no correlation existed between the amount of increase in salivary flow and the degree of symptomatic relief.  
  
Sjogren's Syndrome Patients: In two 12 week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies in 629 patients (placebo, N=253; 2.5 mg, N=121; 5 mg, N=255; 5-7.5 mg, N=114), the ability of SALAGEN® Tablets to stimulate saliva production was assessed. In these trials using varying doses of SALAGEN® Tablets (2.5-7.5 mg), the rate of saliva production was plotted against time. An Area Under the Curve (AUC) representing the total amount of saliva produced during the observation interval was calculated. Relative to placebo, an increase in the amount of saliva being produced was observed following the first dose of SALAGEN® Tablets and was maintained throughout the duration (12 weeks) of the trials in an approximate dose response fashion (See Clinical Studies section).
Abdominal surgeries can sometimes lead to the formation of intra-abdominal adhesions, which may result in severe complications. Despite the availability of several diagnostic procedures, thermography has not been used for identifying intra-abdominal adhesions. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to assess abdominal temperature changes in rats with experimentally induced intra-abdominal adhesions. A total of 48 female rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 12 each): Control (Group C), Laparotomy (Group Lap), Peritoneal Button Creation (Group PBC), and Uterus horn (Group UH). Skin temperature of abdominal region was measured before the procedure (T0) and daily thereafter until day 7 (T7). On day 7, all rats were euthanized for macroscopic evaluation, adhesion scoring, histopathological, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analyses. Significant differences were observed between Group C and Group PBC and Group UH at T5, while at T6 and T7, there was a difference between Group C and Group Lap, Group PBC, and Group UH in abdominal skin temperature (P < 0.05). The highest level of inflammation, angiogenesis, IL-1β, and VEGF were observed in Group PBC followed by Group UH, Group Lap, and Group C (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in adhesion formation between Group C and Groups Lap, PBC, and UH (P = 0.02). However, no significant difference was found in adhesion scores between Groups Lap, PBC, and UH (P = 0.25). A significant difference was found in mean abdominal skin temperature between adhesion scores 4 and 0, 1, and 2 (P < 0.05), while no significant difference was observed between adhesion scores 3 and 4 (P > 0.05). In conclusion, the current study suggests that the presence of intra-abdominal adhesions is associated with an increase in abdominal temperature, and this increase is correlates with the severity of adhesion.
Welding fumes are a Group 1 (carcinogenic to humans) carcinogen as classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The process of welding creates inhalable fumes rich in iron (Fe) that may also contain known carcinogenic metals such as chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni). Epidemiological evidence has shown that both mild steel (Fe-rich) and stainless steel (Fe-rich + Cr + Ni) welding fume exposure increases lung cancer risk, and experimental animal data support these findings. Copper-nickel (CuNi) welding processes have not been investigated in the context of lung cancer. Cu is intriguing, however, given the role of Cu in carcinogenesis and cancer therapeutics. This study examines the potential for a CuNi fume to induce mechanistic key characteristics of carcinogenesis in vitro and to promote lung tumorigenesis, using a two-stage mouse bioassay, in vivo. Male A/J mice, initiated with 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA; 10 µg/g), were exposed to CuNi fumes or air by whole-body inhalation for 9 weeks (low deposition-LD and high deposition-HD) and then sacrificed at 30 weeks. In BEAS-2B cells, the CuNi fume-induced micronuclei and caused DNA damage as measured by γ-H2AX. The fume exhibited high reactivity and a dose-response in cytotoxicity and oxidative stress. In vivo, MCA/CuNi HD and LD significantly decreased lung tumor size and adenomas. MCA/CuNi HD exposure significantly decreased gross-evaluated tumor number. In summary, the CuNi fume in vitro exhibited characteristics of a carcinogen, but in vivo, the exposure resulted in smaller tumors, fewer adenomas, less hyperplasia severity, and with HD exposure, less overall lung lesions/tumors.
Described are general means and methods of diagnosing and treating the phenotypic spectrum as well as the overlapping clinical characteristics with several forms of inherited abnormal expression and/or function of the Multi Drug Resistance-1 (MDR-1) gene. In particular, polynucleotides of molecular variant MDR-1 genes which, for example, are associated with unsufficient and/or altered uptake of drugs by a target cell, and vectors comprising such polynucleotides are provided. Furthermore, host cells comprising such polynucleotides or vectors and their use for the production of variant MDR-1 proteins are described. In addition, variant MDR-1 proteins and antibodies specifically recognizing such proteins as well as concerns transgenic non-human animals comprising the above-described polynucleotide or vectors are provided. Described are also methods for identifying and obtaining inhibitors for therapy of disorders related to the malfunction of the MDR-1 gene as well as methods of diagnosing the status of such disorders. Pharmaceutical and diagnostic compositions comprising the above-described polynucleotides, vectors, proteins, antibodies and inhibitors by the above-described method are provided. Said compositions are particularly useful for diagnosing and treating various diseases with drugs that are substrates, inhibitors or modulators of the MDR-1 gene product.
BACKGROUND: Carotid body paraganglioma (CBP) is a rare, highly vascularized, and slow-growing neuroendocrine tumor. Surgical resection is the definitive treatment for CBP, however, it remains challenging due to the tumor's proximity to critical blood vessels and cervical cranial nerves. This study aimed to document the characteristics of CBP and examine the clinical outcomes of patients following surgical extirpation of CBP.
METHODS: This is a single-center retrospective review analyzed patients who underwent CBP extirpation. We examined the patient demographics, preoperative clinical features, tumor characteristics, levels of catecholamines and their metabolites in the serum and urine. Surgeries were performed by one vascular surgeon with follow-ups at 1,3,6 months and yearly thereafter. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify risk factors associated with the occurrence of either permanent or temporary cervival cranial nerve palsy (CNP).
RESULTS: From September 2020 to February 2023, this study examined 21 cases of CBP removal surgeries that were carried out in 19 patients. The mean age of the patients was 38.9 ± 10.9 years and the percentage of males was 57.1% (n = 12). The most common preoperative clinical feature was painless neck mass (n = 12; 57.1%). Complete resection was achieved in 20 cases; excluding one case with pathologically proven sclerosing paraganglioma. Vascular procedures were performed in four cases (ECA resection, n = 2; primary repair of ICA tear without carotid shunting, n = 1; and ICA patch angioplasty with carotid shunting, n = 1). Temporary cranial neurologic complications, specifically aspiration and hoarseness occurred in four (19.0%), and three (14.3%) cases, respectively. Hoarseness associated with permanent CNP persisted for more than 6 months in two cases (9.5%). No recurrence or mortality was observed during the follow-up period.
CONCLUSIONS: Surgical resection is the primay treatment approach for CBP; however, it poses risks of vascular or cervical CNP. The intraoperative estimated blood loss was the only identified risk factor for CNP.
The group consists of Parkinson's disease patients with dysphagia complaints. The participants will be given the Turkish version of the Swallow Disturbance Questionnaire (SDQ-T), which consisted of 15 questions and two scales evaluated with the fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing. After two weeks, all participants will be given the SDQ-T for sampling.
Chronic low back pain (cLBP) is the most prevalent chronic pain condition. There are no treatments that haven been found to directly assuage evoked cLBP. To this extent, mindfulness-meditation is a promising pain therapy. Yet, it is unclear if meditation can be utilized to directly attenuate evoked chronic pain through endogenous opioids. A double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trial with a drug crossover design examined if mindfulness-meditation, as compared to sham mindfulness-meditation, attenuated straight leg-raise test evoked chronic pain during intravenous (0.15 mg/kg bolus + 0.15 mg/kg/hour maintenance) naloxone (opioid antagonist) and placebo-saline infusion. Fifty-nine individuals with cLBP (mean age = 46 years; 30 females) completed all study procedures. After the pre-intervention pain testing session, patients were randomized to a four-session (20-min/session) mindfulness (n = 30) or sham mindfulness-meditation (n = 29) intervention. After the interventions, mindfulness and sham mindfulness-meditation were associated with significant reductions in back pain during saline and naloxone infusion when compared to rest (non-meditation) in response to the cLBP-evoking straight leg-raise test. These results indicate that meditation directly reduces evoked chronic pain through non-opioidergic processes. Importantly, after the interventions, the mindfulness group reported significantly lower straight leg-raise induced pain than the sham mindfulness-meditation group during rest (non-meditation) and meditation. Mindfulness and sham mindfulness-meditation training was also associated with significantly lower Brief Pain Inventory severity and interference scores. The pain-relieving effects of mindfulness meditation were more pronounced than a robust sham-mindfulness meditation intervention, suggesting that non-reactive appraisal processes may be uniquely associated with improvements in chronic low-back pain.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04034004.
If overdose occurs the patient must be monitored for evidence of toxicity, and standard supportive treatment applied as necessary. 

Lamivudine: There is no known specific treatment for overdose with 3TC. If overdose occurs, the patient should be monitored and standard supportive treatment applied as required because a negligible amount of 3TC was removed via (4-hour) hemodialysis, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, and automated peritoneal dialysis, it is not known if continuous hemodialysis would provide clinical benefit in a 3TC overdose event. 

Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate: Limited clinical experience at doses higher than the therapeutic dose of TDF 300 mg is available. 

Tenofovir is efficiently removed by hemodialysis with an extraction coefficient of approximately 54%. Following a single 300-mg dose of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, a 4-hour hemodialysis session removed approximately 10% of the administered tenofovir dose.
The patients in this group will receive ultrasound -guided rhomboid intercostal plane block after induction of general anesthesia. The rhomboid intercostal block will be performed at the T6 levels, bilaterally.
The exercise intervention will include 2 supervised sessions of ergometer cycling with a warm up period of 10 minutes and 20 minutes of cycling at the aerobic intensity below the anaerobic threshold as determined from baseline results. Patients in the exercise arm will have 1 unsupervised exercise session where the participants walk or bicycle for 30 minutes at an intensity experienced as somewhat hard (Borg 13) according to the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale.
STEEL strength training will consist of progressive periodised training, in which the intensity is set to fit the individual's starting level and then gradually increases. During Week 1 to Week 5, the relative load will correspond to a 12-repetition maximum (RM). During Week 5 to Week 10, the relative load will be 10 RM, and during Week 11 to Week 16, the relative load will be 8 RM. The exercises will mostly consist of compound movements that activate the large muscle groups of the legs, back, arms and torso.
PURPOSE: This large retrospective, single-center, follow-up study investigated the endoscopic prelacrimal recess approach (PLRA) for treating maxillary sinus inverted papilloma (MSIP).
METHODS: Between January 2007 and November 2022, patients with MSIP treated with PLRA were enrolled. Data on clinical manifestations, imaging, and surgical procedures were collected. The visual analog scale (VAS) scores for maxillofacial numbness and nasal symptoms and the SNOT-22 nasal symptom scores were statistically analyzed.
RESULT: Of 122 patients (68 males and 54 females) enrolled in the study, with a mean age of 50.75 ± 12.84 years (26-80 years), 111 patients underwent PLRA, nine underwent modified PLRA, one converted to an endoscopic medial maxillectomy (EMM), and one to an endoscopic modified Denker's approach. The average follow-up was 86.60 (13-192) months, the recurrence rate was 3.28%, and 29 patients (23.77%) complained of maxillofacial numbness one month postoperatively, which disappeared in most cases one year after surgery. Five patients (4.10%) experienced mild numbness at the end of the follow-up period. Maxillary sinus ostium contracture or atresia occurred in two cases (1.64%). After surgery, the VAS nasal symptom scores improved significantly (P < 0.001). SNOT-22 indicated that the most common postoperative symptom was thick nasal discharge.
CONCLUSION: PLRA is a flexible first-choice surgical treatment for maxillary sinus inverted papilloma and can be modified according to the extent of the lesion, the surgeon's experience and technique, and surgical instruments. That can help achieve complete resection and reduce recurrence and surgical complications. Upper teeth numbness, the most common postoperative complication, tends to disappear after 1 year.
Health literate self-management education is at stake for the prevention and management of non-communicable diseases in low resources settings and countries. Here we describe the Learning Nest in Ordinary Context (NA-CO in French, Nids d'Apprentissage en Contexte Ordinaire) aiming at the structuring of health education programs at the micro- (education sessions) and the meso-levels (adapted to context). The Learning Nest model was designed based on a combination on health literacy principles and on studies conducted with vulnerable people with non-communicable diseases. Observation of NA-CO active-learning sessions found them to be operational and relevant as they center on access, understanding, and use of health information while integrating the ordinary context of learners. The Learning Nest packages (including several adapted thematic sessions, training of trainers and development in context) were shown to be feasible and realistic in diverse locations (Reunion, Mali, Mayotte, Mauritius, Burundi). Qualitative and intervention studies have documented the potential usefulness of the Learning Nest model for context- and setting-specific health literacy interventions.
A method of pre-operatively developing a reverse shoulder arthroplasty plan can include receiving an image of a patient shoulder comprising a humerus and a glenoid. The image can be segmented to develop a 3D shoulder model. Virtual surgery can be performed on the 3D shoulder model to generate a modified shoulder model. The virtual surgery can include resecting and reaming a virtual humerus of the 3D shoulder model, and reaming a virtual glenoid of the 3D shoulder model. Selection of a humeral implant and selection of a glenoid implant can be received. A virtual representation of the humeral implant can be implanted on the virtual humerus and a virtual representation of the glenoid implant on the virtual glenoid to virtually update the modified shoulder model. A range of motion of the patient shoulder can be determined and a reverse shoulder arthroplasty can be finalized based on the range of motion.
Breast carcinoma exhibits the highest incidence among various cancers and is the foremost cause of mortality in women. Increasing evidence shows that SUMOylation of proteins plays a critical role in the progression of breast cancer; however, the role of SENP2 and its molecular mechanism in breast cancer remain underexplored. Here, we discerned that SENP2 promoted the tumorigenesis of breast cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we identified that ERK2 was SUMOylated and that SENP2 played a role by deconjugating ERK2 SUMOylation in breast cancer. SUMOylation of ERK2 promoted its ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation, thus inhibiting the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, microRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p) has emerged as a scarce commodity in breast cancer and binds to the 3'-untranslated region of SENP2 mRNA to govern the regulatory dynamics of SENP2 expression. Finally, miR-145-5p inhibits SENP2 transcription, enhances ERK2 SUMOylation, and ultimately suppresses the progression of breast cancer. These revelations suggest evolving ideas for the miR-145-5p-SENP2 axis in therapeutic intervention, thus heralding transformative prospects for the clinical management of breast cancer.