anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Maternal preconception overweight status has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of overweight offspring. However, there are no published population-based studies on the association between maternal preconception weight and offspring body fat measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The present population-based retrospective cohort study aimed to examine the association between maternal weight at conception and offspring body fat measured by DXA.
METHODS: The source population consisted of 5th-grade students (1244 students aged 11 years) registered at 8 municipal elementary schools in Kitakata, Fukuroi, Hamamatsu, and Himeji in Japan. The present analyses included 964 participants who provided complete information. Maternal body mass index (BMI) at conception was calculated using records in the Mother and Child Health Handbook (MCHH). Offspring body fat at age 11 years was measured with the same QDR-4500A DXA instrument in a mobile test room that was brought to each school. With regard to the prediction of excess fat in offspring, the area under the curve (AUC) calculated with receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of maternal BMI at conception.
RESULTS: Adjusted odds ratios for excess body fat in offspring of the overweight mother group (odds ratios, 4.93 to 15.32) were significantly higher than those in the non-overweight mother group. For the prediction of excess offspring fat, AUCs and 95% confidence intervals for maternal BMI at conception were greater than 0.5.
CONCLUSION: Maternal overweight status at conception might be a risk factor for excess body fat in offspring. Maternal BMI values calculated using MCHH data have the potential to distinguish between the presence and absence of excess fat in the next generation.
When speaking to public audiences, palliative care advocates often reach for personal experiences of great meaning and significance in their own lives, and often distill those experiences to a key message. However, this approach may not be the most effective way to engage a public audience whose closest experience with palliative care is based on social media or third-hand stories. Research demonstrates that the lay public often starts with inaccurate assumptions about palliative care, including that it is only for people at end of life. These misunderstandings can lead people with serious illness to decline palliative care services that are backed by evidence and demonstrate real benefit. This phenomenon of "declines based on inaccurate assumptions" is widely seen in clinical practice and palliative care demonstration projects. Public messaging is an evidence-based approach to engage more effectively with the public when doing outreach for palliative care. The 10 tips provided are based on a multiyear and multiorganizational project focused on improving the messaging of palliative care for the public. As palliative care services are increasingly expanded and integrated into health systems, public messaging can provide a new approach for building partnerships with the public by offering messages that consistently meet their needs based on their current perceptions. Incorporating public-informed messaging strategies could enable palliative care clinicians and advocates to address the lay public with greater confidence and clarity about how palliative care can serve them, their families, and their communities.
The study population will be volunteers with type 1 diabetes who are 21 years of age or older. The setting will be an outpatient environment in a three square-mile area on the Boston Peninsula (see Appendix A). Volunteers will stay in a hotel adjacent to the MGH campus at night and will have free activity during the day within the specified geographic area. They will determine the timing and nature of their meals from local restaurants, with food brought from home, or food kept in their hotel room, which will have a small refrigerator. They will have the opportunity to exercise as they wish in their choice of two gyms. There will be minimal scheduling constraints, limited only by an 11:00 PM curfew and morning departure time from the hotel of no earlier than 7:00 AM. They will be able to work if they wish as long as that can be done within the geographical constraints (e.g. if they work in the downtown Boston area or can "work from home" or have meetings at a conference room in the hotel or at a restaurant). During the entire experiment they will be closely monitored by study staff (RN, NP, or MD) around the clock. They will remain within direct line of sight and no more than a short distance away from study staff during the daytime for safety. During the night they will be continuously monitored via BG telemetry from a nearby hotel room and study staff will be able to enter their rooms quickly, should that become necessary. During the night, when volunteers will remain in their rooms, one study staff member will monitor up to two volunteers at a time.

Capillary BG will be tested every two hours during the day using a highly accurate, laboratory equivalent meter (HemoCue, selected for maximum data integrity) and venous BG will be tested every 30 minutes overnight using an autosampling device (GlucoScout). Continuous glucose monitoring (Dexcom G4) will be done throughout the study period. Photos and menu information, if available, will be documented for each meal and snack by the escort and estimates of carbohydrate intake will be estimated later from this information by a nutritionist. The type and level of activity being performed by the volunteers (e.g. lying, sitting, standing, walking, running) will be documented in 15 minute intervals by the study staff escort. Additional data will be collected using an accelerometer. During exercise, the type and duration of exercise, and, depending on the kind of activity, the heart rate (recorded using a Polar heart rate monitor) will be documented every 15 minutes and point-of-care blood glucose will be documented every 30 minutes.
Introduction: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) remains the gold standard treatment for patients with complete staghorn stones, for which multiple access tracts may be required. In this study, we describe a series of patients undergoing PCNL with a minimum of five dilated access tracts. Materials and Methods: We performed a multi-institutional retrospective review of 10 patients with complete staghorn stones who underwent PCNL requiring five or more access tracts. We recorded patient demographics, stone characteristics postoperative complications, and stone-free rates (SFRs). The primary endpoint was any postoperative complication. Secondary endpoints included SFR, operative time, and length of stay. SFR was defined as absence of stones or residual fragments <4 mm. Results: A total of 10 patients from two institutions were included. Access tract number ranged from 5 to 11, and median stone volume was 233,042 mm3. Seven patients (70%) experienced postoperative complications, ranging from Clavien II to IVa. Three patients (30%) required blood transfusions. Median operative time was 312 minutes ranging from 180 to 560 minutes. Five patients (50%) were stone-free after the initial procedure. Of those with residual fragments, 4 (40%) required reoperation to be rendered stone-free. Median length of stay was 2.5 days, with a range of 1-6 days. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the largest series of patients undergoing PCNL with five or more access tracts reported to date. This study confirms that PCNL with five or more tracts is feasible and relatively safe, albeit with a high rate of complications in the immediate postoperative period.
HUMAN BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION    APPARATUS AND METHOD          ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE           A human behavior modification method and apparatus aids in withdrawing from a particular habit.  A behavorial event such as smoking a cigarette may be associated with the habit numerous times over a period of time.  The present method and apparatus aids withdrawal from the habit by providing a structured environment which enables one to reduce the occurrence rate of such behavioral events over a period of time in a way specifically personalized to characteristics of the user's habit.  The base line behavioral pattern of a person for a specific habit is measured and used to generate a personalized withdrawal program for the specific habit and user.  The user is notified of the withdrawal schedule by means of audio and/or visual stimuli, and the withdrawal program is modified as necessary based on the user's progress during withdrawal.  The user interacts with the apparatus by data inputs which are processed by a microprocessor employing a series of computer programs embedded in memory.
The aim of the pilot study is to identify and address some of the challenges of delivering online psychological interventions in the workplace. There is clear research evidence for the delivery of online psychological interventions within clinical settings (e.g. Andersson \& Cuijpers, 2009), but this evidence does not translate to online interventions delivered in work settings (e.g. Geraedts, Kleiboer, Twisk, Wiezer, van Mechelen, \& Cuijpers, 2014). Evidence suggests that one of the barriers to the efficacy of online interventions may be the low level of engagement and adherence (Cavanagh \& Millings, 2013). This study aims to address this by asking the question: "How can we increase engagement with and adherence to an online intervention delivered in the workplace?"

The pilot study is a three-arm RCT comparing a minimal guided online Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) based stress management intervention (WorkGuru) delivered with and without an online facilitated bulletin board, to a waiting list control. Both active conditions will have access to an online programme with minimal support from a coach. The discussion group condition will also have access to a facilitated online bulletin board. Up to 90 employees from UK based organisations will be recruited to the study.

Inclusion criteria will include age 18 or over, elevated levels of stress (defined as 1SD above the mean norm on the PSS-10 scale), access to a computer or tablet, and the Internet. The primary outcome measure will be engagement, as defined by the number of logins to the site; secondary outcome measures will include further measures of engagement (the number of pages visited, the number of modules completed and self-report engagement) and measures of effectiveness (psychological distress and subjective wellbeing). Possible moderators will include measures of intervention quality (satisfaction, acceptability, credibility, system usability), time pressure, goal conflict, level of distress at baseline, and job autonomy. Measures will be taken at baseline, 2 weeks (credibility and expectancy measures only), 9 weeks (completion of intervention) and 16 weeks (follow-up). Analyses will be conducted on intention to treat and per protocol principles. Data will be collected electronically using Qualtrics survey software.
All study participants will first receive open-label asenapine and placebo for 12 to 16 weeks before being randomized. After randomization, participants will receive asenapine or placebo (this is the double-blind period) for up to 26 weeks.
Dyslipidemia management in situations like pregnancy, in diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, chronic liver disease, and in the elderly are challenging scenarios. Pregnancy is a contraindication for many drugs. The interaction of various drugs used in HIV infection and rheumatoid arthritis makes it even more difficult to treat with conventional and approved drugs for dyslipidemia. Elderly and chronic renal failure patients often do not tolerate the drugs very well and the data of dyslipidemia management is very different. Lastly, COVID-19 is a unique scenario where clear information is yet to be provided. In this manuscript, the current understanding and available data on the treatment of dyslipidemia in these special situations are discussed.
It was composed by patients who received specific written orientation to follow the DASH diet recommendations. Calories were calculated with the goal of maintaining body weight and divided into 3 main meals and two to three snacks.
COXANTO (oxaprozin)is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, available as capsules of 300 mg for oral administration. The chemical name is 4,5-diphenyl-2-oxazole-propionic acid. The molecular weight is 293.32 g/mol. Its molecular formula is C18H15NO3, and it has the following chemical structure.

Oxaprozin is a white to off-white powder with a slight odor and a melting point of 162°C to 163°C. It is slightly soluble in alcohol and insoluble in water, with an octanol/water partition coefficient of 4.8 at physiologic pH (7.4). The pKa in water is 4.3.

The inactive ingredients in COXANTO include: microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinized corn starch, hypromellose 2910, sodium starch glycolate, stearic acid, and silicon dioxide, in gelatin capsules. COXANTO 300 mg capsules are white opaque capsules imprinted “403” on the cap in black ink.
Avanafil is a highly selective and potent oral phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5-I) . However, its impact on the soluble markers of endothelial function has not been investigated yet. This study was conducted to assess the effect of daily avanafil on the erectile function and endothelial markers' serum level. In this work we recruited males with erectile dysfunction and other diseases commonly associated with endothelial dysfunction. The investigators randomly treated patients with daily oral avanafil and the other patients with placebo. The investigators measured the International Index of Erectile Function -5 score (IIEF- 5) and the serum levels of markers of endothelial function at baseline and treatment.
OBJECTIVE: The early differential diagnosis of the postoperative recurrence or pseudoprogression (psPD) of a glioma is of great guiding significance for individualized clinical treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of a multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics model to distinguish between the postoperative recurrence and psPD of a glioma early on and in a noninvasive manner.
METHODS: A total of 52 patients with gliomas who attended the Hainan Provincial People's Hospital between 2000 and 2021 and met the inclusion criteria were selected for this study. 1137 and 1137 radiomic features were extracted from T1 enhanced and T2WI/FLAIR sequence images, respectively.After clearing some invalid information and LASSO screening, a total of 9 and 10 characteristic radiological features were extracted and randomly divided into the training set and the test set according to 7:3 ratio. Select-Kbest and minimum Absolute contraction and selection operator (LASSO) were used for feature selection. Support vector machine and logistic regression were used to form a multi-parameter model for training and prediction. The optimal sequence and classifier were selected according to the area under the curve (AUC) and accuracy.
RESULTS: Radiomic models 1, 2 and 3 based on T1WI, T2FLAIR and T1WI + T2T2FLAIR sequences have better performance in the identification of postoperative recurrence and false progression of T1 glioma. The performance of model 2 is more stable, and the performance of support vector machine classifier is more stable. The multiparameter model based on CE-T1 + T2WI/FLAIR sequence showed the best performance (AUC:0.96, sensitivity: 0.87, specificity: 0.94, accuracy: 0.89,95% CI:0.93-1).
CONCLUSION: The use of multiparametric MRI-based radiomics provides a noninvasive, stable, and accurate method for differentiating between the postoperative recurrence and psPD of a glioma, which allows for timely individualized clinical treatment.
The vast array of acute nontraumatic diseases encountered in the head and neck of pediatric patients can be intimidating for radiologists in training in a fast-paced emergency setting. Although there is some overlap of pediatric and adult diseases, congenital lesions and developmental variants are much more common in the pediatric population. Furthermore, the relative incidences of numerous infections and neoplasms differ between pediatric and adult populations. Young patients and/or those with developmental delays may have clinical histories that are difficult to elicit or nonspecific presentations, underscoring the importance of imaging in facilitating accurate and timely diagnoses. It is essential that radiologists caring for children be well versed in pediatric nontraumatic head and neck emergency imaging. The authors provide an on-call resource for radiology trainees, organized by anatomic location and highlighting key points, pearls, pitfalls, and mimics of many acute nontraumatic diseases in the pediatric head and neck. ©RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article.
AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the association between diarrhea or constipation and urinary incontinence (UI) in adults.
METHODS: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 2009-2010 was used to include 4686 adults aged 20 and over in the analysis. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) were used as outcome variables, with diarrhea and constipation as exposure factors. We first compared the baseline characteristics of those with and without SUI, as well as those with and without UUI. The impact of diarrhea or constipation on SUI and UUI was assessed using multivariate logistic regression models. To ensure the stability of the results, subgroup and stratified analyses were conducted.
RESULTS: The prevalence rates of UUI and SUI were 22.49% and 23.39%, respectively. Adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk of UUI was increased by either diarrhea (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.36-2.04) or constipation (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.11-1.83). The risk of SUI was also elevated by either diarrhea (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.11-1.67) or constipation (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.06-1.63). Subgroup analysis revealed no significant differences in the interaction tests between constipation or diarrhea and UI.
CONCLUSIONS: This study found that both constipation and diarrhea increase the risk of UUI and SUI.
PURPOSE: Recently, children with trisomy 18 have been receiving more active treatment for malignancies. We report herein seven cases complete resection was achieved, and discuss multidisciplinary treatment for hepatoblastoma in patients with trisomy 18.
METHOD: The medical records of children with trisomy 18 who were treated at the study center between 2010 and 2023 were reviewed.
RESULT: Six of 69 patients had hepatoblastoma development, and three of these underwent multidisciplinary treatment. In addition, 6 patients had been referred by another hospital for treatment, and four of these underwent multidisciplinary treatment. Among the seven patients who underwent multidisciplinary treatment, three, two, and two were categorized in Pre-treatment Extent of Disease (PRETEXT) classification group I, II, and III, respectively. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy resulting in tumor reduction was performed in three cases. In all the cases, complete resection was achieved with pathologically safe margins. Perioperative complications included circulatory failure in one case and bile leakage in two cases. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered in four cases. The postoperative observation period ranged from 3 months to 11 years, and all the patients are recurrence-free.
CONCLUSION: Children with trisomy 18 complicated with hepatoblastoma whose cardiopulmonary conditions are stable may be good candidates for chemotherapy and surgery.
TALR The first toe is pulled distally for access into the lateral aspect of first MTPJ. A No.15 beaver blade is advanced from the medial incision laterally to divide the lateral capsule vertically and adductor hallucis tendon. Same intraoperative stress test is performed and recorded under fluoroscope to confirm correction.
Subjects in this trial will be primiparous women who underwent anal sphincter repair at the time of a singleton vaginal delivery. Sphincter tears will be clinically characterized at the time of delivery as \<50% tear through the anal sphincter (modified WHO 3a), \>50% (modified WHO 3b), or complete tear through the anal sphincter (4th degree). Subjects in this study will not have receive study interventions.
BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic lung diseases (CLDs), defined as progressive and life-limiting respiratory conditions, experience a heavy symptom burden as the conditions become more advanced, but palliative referral rates are low and late. Prognostic tools can help clinicians identify CLD patients at high risk of deterioration for needs assessments and referral to palliative care. As current prognostic tools may not generalize well across all CLD conditions, we aim to develop and validate a general model to predict one-year mortality in patients presenting with any CLD.
METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of patients with a CLD diagnosis at a public hospital from July 2016 to October 2017 was conducted. The outcome of interest was all-cause mortality within one-year of diagnosis. Potential prognostic factors were identified from reviews of prognostic studies in CLD, and data was extracted from electronic medical records. Missing data was imputed using multiple imputation by chained equations. Logistic regression models were developed using variable selection methods and validated in patients seen from January 2018 to December 2019. Discriminative ability, calibration and clinical usefulness of the model was assessed. Model coefficients and performance were pooled across all imputed datasets and reported.
RESULTS: Of the 1000 patients, 122 (12.2%) died within one year. Patients had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or emphysema (55%), bronchiectasis (38%), interstitial lung diseases (12%), or multiple diagnoses (6%). The model selected through forward stepwise variable selection had the highest AUC (0.77 (0.72-0.82)) and consisted of ten prognostic factors. The model AUC for the validation cohort was 0.75 (0.70, 0.81), and the calibration intercept and slope were - 0.14 (-0.54, 0.26) and 0.74 (0.53, 0.95) respectively. Classifying patients with a predicted risk of death exceeding 0.30 as high risk, the model would correctly identify 3 out 10 decedents and 9 of 10 survivors.
CONCLUSIONS: We developed and validated a prognostic model for one-year mortality in patients with CLD using routinely available administrative data. The model will support clinicians in identifying patients across various CLD etiologies who are at risk of deterioration for a basic palliative care assessment to identify unmet needs and trigger an early referral to palliative medicine.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable (retrospective study).
A composition, which includes Guarana extract 36%, Hoodia 20:1, Cha de bugre 4:1, Ginseng, Citrus Auratium, Magnolia bark extract, and black pepper, for suppressing appetite as well as a method for the weight reduction of a body by administering a dosage of the composition, are disclosed. The composition, which is preferably a 575 mg dosage, contains an amount of Guarana extract 36% within the range of from about 40% to about 70% by weight. The composition contains an amount of Hoodia 20:1 within the range of from about 12% to about 30% by weight. The composition contains an amount of Cha de bugre 4:1 within the range of from about 5% to about 25% by weight. The composition contains an amount of Ginseng within the range of from about 2.0% to about 8.0% by weight. The composition contains an amount of Citrus Auratium within the range of from about 2.0% to about 8.0% by weight. The composition contains an amount of Magnolia bark extract within the range of from about 2.0% to about 8.0% by weight. The composition contains an amount of black pepper within the range of from about 2.0% to about 8.0% by weight.