anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Given the clinical damage caused by errors commonly made during the dosage and handling of glass ionomer cement (GIC) of high viscosity powder-liquid type, the use of encapsulated ionomer has been recommended for final restorations. However, the initial cost of the encapsulated MIC is higher when compared to the material handled manually. The objective of this randomized study is to (1) reveal cost-effective in the long run, the encapsulated CIV Riva Self Cure and Equia used as a restorative material in atraumatic restorations (Atraumatic Restorative Treatment), (2) assess whether the type of cavity (occlusal and occlusal-proximal) influences the longevity of atraumatic restorations using encapsulated IC, (3) assess whether the child's caries experience influences the longevity of atraumatic restorations with GIC encapsulated. Children, ages 3 and 7, will be selected in the Tietê-SP municipality. Randomization will be performed in a stratified manner by the conditions: type of cavity and caries experience. 122 ART restorations are performed using encapsulated CIV - Riva Self Cure - SDI and Equia -CG Corp. The restorations will be evaluated after 6, 12 and 18 months by two trained examiners blind to the groups (intra- and inter-rater agreement above 0.7).
Oral treatment with pregabalin (75mg capsules) will be used at optimized doses to best match clinical practice in Europe. In European clinical practice, up-titration of the dose is often carried out over a longer time-period. This study thus includes up-titration schedule for pregabalin over a period of 4 weeks. If patients develop side-effects during the intake/uptitration of pregabalin this treatment can be stopped and switched to gabapentin (300mg capsules). Gabapentin will always be the back-up treatment for failed systematic treatment with pregabalin. Dose of gabapentin will be uptitrated to maximum 1200mg per day.
A biodegradable maltose microarray needle (MAN) patch loaded with 12.5 mg lignocaine will be applied on the dorsum of the participant's hand for 30 minutes. Intravenous cannulation will be carried out after 30 minutes.
1,241,657. Preparing 3-substituted-methyl cephalosporins. GLAXO LABORATORIES Ltd. 6 Aug., 1968 [21 Aug., 1967], No. 38494/67. Heading C2A. Cephalosporin analogues having a group or atom derived from a nucleophile on the exocyclic carbon atom at the 3-position are prepared by reacting a 7-amino- or 7#-acylaminocephalosporanic acid (or derivative thereof),  having a group -CH 2 X at the 3-position, with a nucleophile to effect nucleophilic displacement of the group X by a group or atom derived from the nucleophile, the group X being the residue of an acid HX which acid has a pKa of not more than 4 and in which acid the group X does not contain a sulphur atom linked to the hydrogen atom H. Cephalosporanic acid derivatives used as starting materials may be the salts, esters or anhydrides. Such esters include those with carboxyl-protecting groups such as diphenylmethyl; #,#,#-trichloroethyl and tert.-butyl radicals. The group -CH 2 X may be halomethyl (e.g. chloro-, bromo- or iodomethyl), or an ester group -CH 2 -O-A wherein the esterifying group A is derived from formic acid, a haloacetic acid, a methoxy-, alkylthio- or cyano-acetic acid, glyoxylic acid, phenylpropiolic acid, a hemi-ester of malonic or oxalic acid, or phenylglyoxylic acid substituted in the ring with halogen, methyl or methoxy; or the group X may be isocyanato. Numerous nucleophiles are mentioned, including trialkylamines, pyridines, nitrogen heterocyclic amines containing other heteroatoms, cyanides, pyrroles, indoles, acetylenes, acetoacetic and malonic esters, cyclohexane-1,3-diones, thiourea, substituted thioureas, thioamides, thiosulphates, alkanols, phenols and water. The reaction is suitably effected in a polar medium (which may be the nucleophile itself) at pH 5-8 and between 0 and 120 C. Novel cephalosporins of formula wherein each of the groups B is a C 1 -C 6  alky<SP>1</SP> group, or the groups B together with the adjacent N atom form a thiazole ring which may be substituted, are prepared by the aforesaid process.
A method for treating conditions or diseases associated with deleterious vasoconstriction of the small arteries and arterioles of one or more organs or parts of a patient's body. In one embodiment, the method comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of an antagonist to the α 2C -adrenergic receptor (α 2C -AR) to a patient with Raynaud's Phenomenon. Such method is used to ameliorate the cold-induced or stress-induced vasoreactive response that is associated with Raynaud's Phenomenon. The α 2C -AR antagonist is administered to the subject either prior to or after exposure of the patient to the cold or to stressIn another embodiment, the method is used to reduce the extent of deleterious vasoconstriction that occurs in the small arteries, arterioles, and microcirculation of the lungs, heart, kidneys, skin, or gastrointestinal tract of a patient, particularly a scleroderma patient. The method comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of an α 2C -AR antagonist to a patient who is in need of the same. Such treatment serves to maintain or restore, at least in part, blood flow through the small arteries, arterioles, and microcirculation of the lungs, heart, kidneys, skin, and/or gastrointestinal tract in a such patient. The present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical compositions comprising an α 2C -AR antagonist and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
After anesthesia induction, patients who were randomized to the Dexmedetomidine group received a bolus of 1ug/kg in 10 minutes, followed by an infusion of 0.5ug/kg/h until the end of surgery. In the case of intraoperative increment of the blood pressure and/or heart rate more than 25% from its baseline, fentanyl 1ug/kg was administered.
Objective(s): The primary objective is to determine whether 12 weeks of treatment with Lysulin, compared to placebo, causes a reduction from baseline in the plasma levels of glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs) in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Secondary objectives include determining whether 12 weeks of treatment with Lysulin increases beta-cell function as measured by plasma C-peptide levels.

Research Plan: A randomized, prospective, double-blind study with randomization to lysulin and placebo in a 1:1 fashion. The study will enroll 60 patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes.

Methods: The study will be performed as outpatient study at Phoenix VA Clinical Research Center. The study will include 3-4 visits. At the initial visit, participants will complete informed consent proc HbA1c ≥ 7.5 % and \< 10%ess and undergo screening examination. Inclusion criteria will be age 21-75 years, HbA1c ≥ 7.5 % and \< 10%, and stable dose of insulin 6 weeks prior to enrollment. Qualified participants will be randomized to 3,330 mg/day Lysulin (1,110 mg tbl, TID) as add-on supplement therapy for 12 weeks. Follow-up visits will be at weeks 6 and week 12 (end of study). Baseline and follow-up visits will include physical examination, patient history and blood draw. The primary study outcome measure will be fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c. Secondary outcome measures will include fasting plasma C-peptide and AGE concentrations. A linear mixed effects model will be used to evaluate treatment-induced endpoints. The models will be fit for sequential values of the response variable (including the baseline measurement).
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Trends in patient selection and use of pharmacotherapy prior to catheter ablation (CA) for supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) are not well described. This study examined temporal trends in patients undergoing first-time CA for regular SVT, including atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia (AVNRT), accessory pathways (APs), and ectopic atrial tachycardia (EAT) on a nationwide scale in Denmark in the period 2001-2018.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Using Danish Nationwide registers, 9959 patients treated with first-time CA for SVT between 2001 and 2018 were identified, of which 6023 (61%) received CA for AVNRT, 2829 (28%) for AP, and 1107 (11%) for EAT. Median age was 55, 42, and 55 in the AVNRT, APs, and EAT group, respectively. The number of patients receiving CA increased from 1195 between 2001 and 2003 to 1914 between 2016 and 2018. The percentage of patients with a CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥ 2 increased in all patient groups. The number of patients who underwent CA with no prior use of antiarrhythmic- or rate limiting medicine increased significantly, though prior use of beta-blockers increased for AVNRT patients. Use of verapamil decreased in all three SVT groups (P < 0.05). Use of amiodarone and class 1C antiarrhythmics remained low, with the highest usage among EAT patients.
CONCLUSION: Between 2001 and 2018, CA was increasingly performed in patients with SVT, primarily AVNRT- and EAT patients. The burden of comorbidities increased. Patients undergoing CA without prior antiarrhythmic- or rate-limiting drug therapy increased significantly. Use of beta-blockers increased and remained the most widely used drug.
A DNA construct comprising a DNA sequence encoding an antifungal polypeptide, which sequence comprises the nucleo-tide sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 1 or an analogue thereof, which i) hybridizes with a DNA sequence comprising the nucleo-tide sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 1, or with a probe hybridizing with the nucleotide sequence SEQ ID No. 1, ii) encodes a pol-ypeptide which reacts with an antibody reactive with at least one epitope of the polypeptide having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 2, and/or iii) encodes a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence shown in the appended SEQ ID No. 2 or a sequence homologous thereto, provided that the DNA sequence is different from one which encodes the polypeptide hav-ing the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 2 except for an asparagine in position 4, an alanine in position 24, a lysine in position 32, a phenylalanine in position 42 and a tyrosine in position 50. The antifungal polypeptide encoded by the DNA con-struct may be used for combating or controlling fungal infections, in particular on plants.
Fenofibrate capsules USP, is a lipid regulating agent available as capsules for oral administration. Each capsule contains 43 mg or 130 mg of micronized fenofibrate USP. The chemical name for fenofibrate USP is 2-[4-(4-chlorobenzoyl) phenoxy]-2-methyl-propanoic acid, 1-methylethyl ester with the following structural formula:

The molecular formula is C20H21O4CI and the molecular weight is 360.83; fenofibrate is insoluble in water. The melting point is 79° to 82°C. Fenofibrate USP is a white or almost white crystalline powder which is sparingly soluble in methanol, ethanol and dimethylformamide.

Each capsule contains the labeled amount of fenofibrate USP and the inactive ingredients: ammonio metha copolymer dispersion, D & C yellow No.10, FD & C Blue No. 2, gelatin, hypromellose, iron oxide yellow, iron oxide black, potasium hydroxide, shellac, simethicone emulsion, sodium lauryl sulphate, sugar spheres, talc, titanium dioxide and triethyl citrate.

Fenofibrate capsules meets USP Dissolution Test 3.
CONTEXT: Clinical endocrinology encompasses many diseases requiring long-term drug therapy. Prohibitive pricing of some endocrine drugs classified as essential by the World Health Organization has created suboptimal care of patients with endocrine disorders.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: This review is based on evidence obtained from several databases and search engines including PubMed, Google, and Google Scholar; reference searches; manual searching for web pages of international regulatory bodies; and the authors' experience from different healthcare settings.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: After the expiry of a patent, generic versions with the opportunity for increased availability and a price reduction are expected. There are access barriers worldwide for many off-patent endocrine drugs. The high price is the main issue for several medicines including insulin, hydrocortisone, testosterone, and gonadotropins. This is caused by several factors including the market monopoly due to the lack of registered generics or suppliers limiting the benefit of competition and a complex supply chain. Additionally, the lack of some medicines has been concerning due to market factors such as the relatively small number of patients, making it less attractive for the manufacturers. Commissioning of nonprofit manufacturers and state manufacturing as well as strict price control measures could alleviate this situation.
CONCLUSION: Lack of availability and disproportionate price inflation affecting essential off-patent endocrine therapies is common due to several interrelated factors. Global collaboration among healthcare organizations with the support of policymaking bodies might be needed to mitigate this.
Participants in Part A will receive multiple intravenous (IV) doses of Lu AG13909 per a prespecified dosing schedule. After data from Part A has shown that a pharmacologically relevant dose level is safe and tolerable, participants in Part B will then receive multiple IV doses of Lu AG13909 per a prespecified dosing schedule.
Clinical studies and experimental studies in animals have demonstrated that cervical vagus nerve stimulation causes weight loss in obese patients and has profound effects on glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, anorexic and antidiabetic effects have been reported in response to non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS). Thus, non-invasive taVNS may potentially prevent insulin resistance in obesity. The objective of this study is to investigate the acute effects of taVNS on hormones and adipokines linking obesity with insulin resistance in human subjects. The hypothesis of this study is that acute application of taVNS elicits anti-diabetic effects through modulation of plasma levels of insulin, glucagon, C-peptide, GLP-1 (stimulates insulin and suppresses glucagon release), and GIP (gastric inhibitory polypeptide, stimulates insulin secretion). Furthermore, the investigators hypothesize that taVNS elicits anorexic effects by modulating ghrelin and leptin plasma levels. Finally the investigators hypothesize that taVNS may reduce the impact of obesity on insulin resistance by modulating PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; increased in obesity and metabolic syndrome), resistin (adipose tissue secretory factor, suggested to link obesity with insulin resistance), vistatin (enriched in visceral fat and may stimulate the insulin receptor), adipsin (secreted from adipocytes; improves β-cell function), and adiponectin (secreted from adipose tissue; increases insulin sensitivity). In normal weight (BMI\<25, n=14), overweight (BMI\<30, n=14), and obese (BMI\>30, n=14) and otherwise healthy study participants blood glucose levels and plasma concentrations (finger prick blood sampling) of insulin, glucagon, C-peptide, GLP-1, GIP, ghrelin, leptin, PAI-1, resistin, vistatin (Bio-Plex kit 171A7001M), adipsin, and adiponectin (Bio-Plex kit 171A7002M) will be determined before and after 30 minutes of taVNS (EMS 7500, 10 Hz, 300ms, n=7 in each body weight group) or sham taVNS (control experiment, n=7 in each body weight group). Before, during and after taVNS or sham taVNS autonomic function will be assessed by heart rate variability analysis from ECG recordings. The investigators expect that the outcome of this study will demonstrate that taVNS lowers blood glucose levels and elicits hormone/adipokine responses consistent with anorexia and improved insulin resistance. The investigators further hypothesize that these effects of taVNS will be more pronounced in obese compared to overweight and normal weight study participants.
OBJECTIVE: Persistent articular inflammation in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is associated with radiographic damage. Despite advances in diagnosis and therapy, radiographic structural damage remains prevalent in PsA. To elucidate this topic, we studied which baseline clinical characteristics determine radiographic progression.
METHODS: For this analysis, data were used from DEPAR (Dutch South West Psoriatic Arthritis) Study, a real-world cohort of patients with newly diagnosed PsA. Radiographic changes were assessed using the modified Total Sharp/van der Heijde Score (mTSS) for PsA. Univariable-multivariable mixed-effects negative binomial regression analysis was applied to define baseline predictors for radiographic progression over time.
RESULTS: The study included 476 patients with early PsA with 1660 hand and feet radiographs from four different time points (baseline, first, second and third year). The progressive group (n=71) had a higher mTSS compared with the non-progressive group (n=405) at diagnosis (17 (3-36) vs 0 (0-1)). A comparison of the two groups revealed that the progressive group had significantly older (59 (12) vs 49 (13)) and a higher rate of the presence of swollen joints (93% vs 78%) at diagnosis. Multivariable analysis identified age (incidence rate ratio (IRR)=1.10, p=0.000), sex (female) (IRR=0.48, p=0.043) and baseline mTSS (IRR=1.11, p=0.000) as significant determinants of radiographic change over time. For the progressive subset, additionally, the multivariable analysis highlighted baseline Disease Activity in PSoriatic Arthritis (IRR=1.05, p=0.006) and swollen joint count (IRR=1.07, p=0.034) as predictors.
CONCLUSIONS: According to this real-world cohort, patients with early PsA exhibit minimal radiographic progression under current treatment protocols. This study indicates that while old age and initial radiographic damage predict progression, female sex confers a protective effect on it. Furthermore, disease activity score and swollen joints emerged as predictors for radiographic changes during the follow-up in progressive patients.
BACKGROUND: The goal of managing auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) is to restore the children's ability to discriminate auditory information. Children who are not making sufficient progress in speech comprehension, and speech and language development after receiving adequate auditory re/habilitation and/or acoustic amplification may be candidates for cochlear implantation (CI). Despite the growing number of published literature on CI outcomes in children with ANSD, the current evidence is primarily based on case reports or retrospective chart reviews some of which had a limited number of children. In addition, the outcomes of CI seem to vary between children with ANSD. Thus, compelling evidence is lacking. This updated systematic review evaluated the speech perception, language, and speech intelligibility outcomes of children with ANSD post-CI.
METHODS: An online bibliographic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CENTRAL databases. We included both interventional and observational studies that assessed the outcomes of the CI in  children with ANSD.
RESULTS: Thirty-three studies were included in this systematic review. Several tests were used to assess speech perception following CI in children with ANSD. The findings of this study revealed that  children with ANSD had mean Categories of Auditory Performance scores ranging from 4.3 to 7 post-operatively, this result was better than the pre-operative scores which ranged between 0.4 to 2.5. Likewise, the Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale, Phonetically Balanced Kindergarten, and multisyllabic lexical neighborhood test showed clinically relevant improvement after CI. The same findings were reported for language and speech intelligibility scores. One study investigated the quality of life/children satisfaction after CI and showed overall good satisfaction with the outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: The present systematic review suggests that CI is a feasible and effective hearing  rehabilitation modality for children with ANSD.
REGISTRATION AND PROTOCOL: PROSPERO ID: CRD42021279140.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heating implement which has excellent cooling sensation in use and prevents deterioration of the cooling sensation during storage.  <P>SOLUTION: The heating implement 100 comprises a heat generating part 121 containing metal to be oxidized and activated carbon, and a bag body 110 at least a part of which has gas permeability and which stores the heat generating part 121. The heating implement 100 is perfumed by a scent composition containing the component A and component B. The ratio of total mass of the component A and the component B to the mass of the activated carbon [(component A+component B)/activated carbon] is 0.04 to 0.2. The scent composition is preferably given between the heat generating part 121 and the bag body 110. The "component A" is a monoterpenoid having a cyclic ether structure. The "component B" is a monoterpenoid having a cyclic ketone structure.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
Tinetti's Falls Efficacy scale is translated into many languages but Urdu version is yet not available. In neuro physiotherapy clinics majority of the patients comes with the problem of stroke. That's why there is a need to convert a valid and reliable instrument in to Urdu to measure the risk of falling after Stroke in Pakistani population. Reliability is about a methods consistency i.e. results can be reproduced when the research is repeated under the same conditions. For reliability Urdu Version of Tinetti's Falls Efficacy Scale for stroke will be applied two times by a physiotherapist to determine test-retest reliability. On the first day of assessment the physiotherapist will collect demographic data and patients will answer the questionnaire, Tinetti's Falls Efficacy Scale for stroke in Urdu will be reapplied 3 days later. Between two assessments, no treatment will be provided to minimize clinical differences. Tinetti's Falls Efficacy Scale (FES) is the most widely used measure of self-efficacy in studies on falls prevention. Mary E. Tinetti developed this scale to measure the fear of falling. The 10-item scale was developed to assess confidence in performing daily activities without falling. Items are rated from 1 ¼ extreme confidence to 10 ¼ no confidence at all. Reliability will be determined by test-retest reliability across repeated measures, internal consistency and measurement errors. Test-retest reliability will be determined by using an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) at 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and Internal consistency will be determined with Cronbach's alpha in this study. Validity is about the accuracy of a measure i.e. results really measures what they are supposed to measure. Validity determines whether the research truly measures that which it was intended to measure or how truthful the research results are. Construct validity will be assessed by comparing the scores of Tinetti's falls efficacy scale and Fear of Falling Avoidance-Behavior Questionnaire (FFABQ) in this study. All patients signed written informed consent forms and approvals were sought from the Ethics Committee of the University of Lahore. The translated Urdu version of Tinetti's Falls Efficacy Scale was then used for data collection.