anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disease, affects approximately 422 million people and leads to 1.5 million deaths every year, It is found that 45% of individuals with diabetes eventually develop cognitive impairment. Here we study effects of Vitamin K2 on diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD) and its underlying mechanism. Diabetes was induced in adult Swiss albino mice with high-fat diet and a low dose (35 mg/kg) of streptozotocin and measured by fasting glucose and HbA1c levels. After one week of development of diabetes, one group of animals received Vitamin K2 (100 µg/kg) via oral gavage for 21 days. Then different behavioural studies, including the elevated plus maze, Morris water maze, passive avoidance test and novel object recognition test were performed followed by biochemical tests including AchE, different oxidative stress parameters (SOD, GSH, MDA, catalase, SIRT1, NRF2), inflammatory markers (TNFα, IL1β, MCP1, NFκB), apoptosis marker (Caspase 3). Hippocampal neuronal density was measured using histopathology. Vitamin K2 treatment in diabetic animals led to reduced fasting glucose and HbA1c, It could partially reverse DACD as shown by behavioural studies. Vitamin K2 adminstration reduced corticohippocampal AchE level and neuroinflammation (TNFα, IL1β, MCP1, NFκB, SIRT1). It reduced oxidative stress by increasing antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH, catalase), transcription factor NRF2 while reducing caspase 3. This eventually increased CA1 and CA3 neuronal density in diabetic animals. Vitamin K2 partially reverses DACD by increasing ACh while reducing the oxidative stress via Nrf2/ARE pathway and neuroinflammation, thus protecting the hippocampal neurons from diabetes associated damage.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an ophthalmic solution for treatment of glaucoma which shows an excellent ocular tension lowering effect at a single dose when administrated by means of instillation by including pyridinol carbamate as an active ingredient. SOLUTION: The objective ophthalmic solution is obtained by including (A) an active ingredient of pyridinol carbamate and (B), when necessary, carriers, emulsifying agents, antiseptics, moisturizers, bases, antimicrobials, tonicity agents or the like. The ingredient A may be contained as salts and for example, inorganic salts of hydrochloric acid, carboxylic acid, phosphoric acid and the like or organic salts of fumaric acid, oxalic acid, acetic acid, citric acid and the like are illustrated. This ophthalmic solution is provided in the form of aqueous ophthalmic solution, e.g. aqueous ophthalmic solution, aqueous suspended ophthalmic solution, viscous ophthalmic solution, solubilizated ophthalmic solution or the like or in the preparation form of nonaqueous ophthalmic solution, e.g. nonaqueous ophthalmic solution, nonaqueous suspended ophthalmic solution or the like.  This ophthalmic solution is preferably administrated at a daily dosage of 0.01-10 mg, particularly 0.1-1 mg, as the ingredient A per an adult in once to several time divided doses.
Although the diagnosis of selective mutism (SM) is more prevalent among immigrant children, the link between the disorder and an immigration background has been elusive. Guided by ecocultural models of development, the current study aimed to construct a theory-based description of SM while considering individual, family, and contextual risk factors. Participants were 78 children with SM (38.4% with an immigration background), and 247 typically developed children (18.2% with an immigration background). Consistent with previous studies, our results suggest that anxiety was the most important predictor of SM symptoms, above and beyond immigration background. Immigration, especially if coupled with bilingual status and low family income, predicted increased levels of SM symptoms. Identifying multi-level predictors of SM may help researchers and clinicians to improve early identification and treatment of SM in culturally and linguistically diverse children.
A moschus granular beverage activating blood circulation to remove stasis and a preparing method thereof are disclosed. The beverage is prepared from 40-50 parts by weight of moschus, 15-25 parts by weight of corn stigma, 10-15 parts by weight of avicenna pricklyash root, 10-15 parts by weight of fineleaf schizonepeta herb, 6-10 parts by weight of Chinese knotweed, 6-10 parts by weight of winter bamboo shoots, 6-10 parts by weight of benincasa hispida var. chieh-qua, 6-10 parts by weight of pummelo peel, 6-10 parts by weight of phellodendri, 6-10 parts by weight of euphorbia antiquorum, 3-5 parts by weight of xylitol, 3-5 parts by weight of white granulated sugar, 3-5 parts by weight of rock candy and 3-5 parts by weight of citric acid. The method mainly includes steps of 1) pretreating the raw materials, 2) extracting, 3) filtering, 4) concentrating and drying, 5) crushing, 6) mixing, and 7) drying and granulating. Long-term drinking of the beverage has functions of activating blood circulation to remove stasis, accelerating partus and inducing abortion. The beverage has advantages of delicious taste, rich nutrition and capability of being green and healthy.
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of death in people living with HIV. Myocardial fibrosis is well-described in HIV infection acquired in adulthood. We evaluate the burden of fibrosis by cardiac magnetic resonance in people with perinatal HIV infection.
METHODS: Individuals with perinatally acquired HIV (pnHIV) diagnosed before 10 years-old and on antiretroviral treatment for ≥ 6 months were matched with uninfected controls. Patients with significant cardiometabolic co-morbidities and pregnancy were excluded. Diffuse fibrosis was assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) with native T1 mapping for calculation of extracellular volume fraction (ECV). Viability was assessed with late gadolinium enhancement. The normality of fibrosis was assessed using the Komogrov-Smirnov test. Fibrosis between the groups was analyzed using a Mann-Whitney U test, as the data was not normally distributed. Statistical significance was defined as a p-valve < 0.05.
RESULTS: Fourteen adults with pnHIV group and 26 controls (71% female and 86% Black race) were assessed. The average (± standard deviation) age in the study group was 29 (± 4.3) years-old. All pnHIV had been on ART for decades. Demographic data, CMR functional/volumetric data, and pre-contrast T1 mapping values were similar between groups. Diastolic function was normal in 50% of pnHIV patients and indeterminate in most of the remainder (42%). There was no statistically significant difference in ECV between groups; p = 0.24.
CONCLUSION: Perinatally-acquired HIV was not associated with diffuse myocardial fibrosis. Larger prospective studies with serial examinations are needed to determine whether pnHIV patients develop abnormal structure or function more often than unaffected controls.
We use the endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) wet suction technique to procure the specimens, and use the sample obtained from a single pass for primary cell culture. EUS-FNB wet suction technique refer from Tong T, et al. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;10.1111/jgh.15371.
In a retrospective, uncontrolled study, 107 patients with diastolic blood pressure 110 to 150 mmHg received propranolol 120 mg t.i.d. for at least 6 months, in addition to diuretics and potassium, but with no other hypertensive agent. Propranolol contributed to control of diastolic blood pressure, but the magnitude of the effect of propranolol on blood pressure cannot be ascertained.

Four double-blind, randomized, crossover studies were conducted in a total of 74 patients with mild or moderately severe hypertension treated with propranolol hydrochloride extended-release capsules 160 mg once daily or propranolol 160 mg given either once daily or in two 80 mg doses. Three of these studies were conducted over a 4-week treatment period. One study was assessed after a 24-hour period. Propranolol hydrochloride extended-release capsules were as effective as propranolol in controlling hypertension (pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) in each of these trials.
267,558. James, R. W., (Merck & Co.). March 12, 1927. [A Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, March 14, 1927.] Antiseptics; medicinal preparations. - Iodine preparations for surgical and medical purposes are obtained in the dry form by mixing a colloidal iodine suspensoid of high concentration prepared according to Specification 293.504 with a solution of a carbohydrate or like substance neutral to iodine, such as dextrose, cane sugar, milk sugar, dextrin, gum arabic, or mixtures thereof. The mixtures are slowly concentrated or dried in thin layers and may be prepared as a solid mass, or reduced to powder, or applied as a coating to wooden applicators to be used for the disinfection of small wounds. During concentrating or drying the carbohydrate is stated to form a surface film which allows further evaporation of water but prevents the passage of iodine. After powdering, the material is exposed to air, preferably moderately heated, to again obtain the effect of such a surface layer. The preparations form saturated solutions or suspensions when brought into contact with aqueous liquids, for instance the serum of wounds.
PURPOSE:An antiphlogistic analgesic showing excellent effects more on chronic ache of neuralgia, rheumatism, arthritis, etc. than cute inflammation, having almost no side effect even by long-period administration, comprising an ester of linoleic acid and a lower alcohol as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:An antiphlogistic analgesic comprising an ester of linoleic acid and a lower alcohol as an active ingredient. 2-4C alcohol is fittest as the lower alcohol used in the esterification. Although the ester has mild action, alleviates gradually an ache and a pain of the affected part, and is effective for chronic ache of neuralgia, rheumatism, etc. Mechanism of manifestation of medicinal effect is considered that the ester is integrated instead of arachidonic acid of a constituent component of phospholipid of cell membrane by long-period administration, and metabolic products (e.g., PG, leukotriene, thromboxane, etc.) of arachidonic acid is reduced.
Alcohol 60 g, multiple dose (30 g+30 g), oral administration. 3 energy drinks (750 ml), multiple dose (375 ml+375 ml), oral administration.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is eminently preventable, and yet it is the 2nd most common cause of cancer death in the UK. Both population growth and ageing will influence CRC incidence. There is a significant environmental aetiological component, with around 54% being preventable. Modifiable risk factors include obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and physical inactivity.Recent data suggests that the rising CRC incidence in young populations is associated with the increase in obesity and T2DM. Hence, there is substantial rationale for developing approaches that define and modify CRC obesity-related risk. Cancer cells have long been observed to reprogramme metabolism to generate substrates for growth. There are multiple molecular mechanisms linking obesity and CRC. Obesity is the commonest cause of insulin resistance and T2DM. Obesity-mediated insulin resistance and inflammation may drive CRC. Obesity increases early CRC precursor lesions of aberrant crypt foci. Bariatric surgery reduces adenomas and decreases CRC risk biomarkers such as proliferation and inflammation markers. High-fat diet (HFD) animal models of obesity and carcinogen-induced CRC show intestinal stem cell expansion. Dietary fatty acids themselves may drive stem cell expansion. Highlighting further complexity, intestinal epithelial insulin receptor deletion attenuates the HFD-induced increase in cholesterol and stem cell messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs).

Calorie restriction, associated with longevity and reduced cancer incidence, may be mediated through downregulation of nutrient-sensing pathways. Agents that clearly decrease CRC incidence, such as aspirin and metformin (may act as calorie restriction mimetics by influencing nutrient-sensing. The host lab have shown that low-dose aspirin reduces CRC incidence in the Scottish population and that high-energy snacks are associated with CRC risk -strengthening the link between energy, diet and cancer. They also demonstrated that aspirin modulates key nutrient-sensing pathways; aspirin activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling in CRC cells, mouse intestine and patients. Furthermore, there was a synergistic effect with aspirin and metformin with respect to AMPK activation and mTOR inhibition in CRC cells. The protective effect of aspirin may be greater in higher body-mass index (BMI) patients. Mendelian randomisation studies strengthen causal links between obesity, hyperlipidaemia, pro-inflammatory fatty acids and CRC risk.

This study aims to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of aspirin and metformin with respect to their cancer preventing properties in the colon, thereby identifying potential critical "druggable" targets. The ultimate aim is to predict which patients may benefit from these drugs to prevent CRC.
A method of preparing micro-capsules. The active ingredient, preferably provided in the form of an acid salt dissolved in a basic aqueous solution, is emulsified into a polymer solution, preferably PLGA in a relatively volatile solvent such as dichloromethane, to create a water in oil emulsion. This emulsion is further emulsified into an aqueous solution having a pH of a between about 7.4 and 8.0 and most preferably between about 7.8 and 8.0 to create a water in oil in water solution. The polymer solvent is allowed to evaporate, causing the emulsified active ingredient and surrounding polymer matrix to precipitate, thereby forming the micro-capsules. The micro-capsules are separated from the suspension, washed and freeze dried. The method has a very high encapsulation efficiency, even at high loading rates. Additionally, the dissolution rate of the micro-particles produced by the method is very steady over a long period of time.
Participants in this group will be asked to complete an oral swab at baseline. This swab will indicate their dietary needs based on their genetic composition. These personalized dietary needs will be shared with the participant; the participant will be encouraged to follow their dietary plan for the duration of the study. Participants in this group will also gradually increase their physical activity up to 300 min/week at 6 months.
This prospective community-based cohort study includes 829 participants aged 45-84 years, 49.9% of which are male. Diet is assessed by repeated dietician-administered validated food-frequency questionnaires (2540 assessments) in 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2010. Nutrient intakes including spermidine are calculated using USDA standard databases. Clinical events (all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality) are recorded from 1995 to 2015.

The primary endpoint of all-cause mortality is related to the exposure of long-term average spermidine intake by Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying covariates. Additional analyses employ the Fine and Gray proportional subdistribution hazards model and flexible Royston-Parmar spline-based models. Comprehensive sensitivity analyses are performed to guard against potential biases associated with nutritional epidemiology.
PURPOSE: Intestinal flora promotes the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) through microorganisms and their metabolites. This study aimed to investigate the composition of intestinal flora in different stages of CRC progression and the effect of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on CRC mice.
METHODS: The fecal microbiome from healthy volunteers (HC), colorectal adenoma (CRA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and CRC patients were analyzed by 16s rRNA gene sequencing. In an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran-sulfate-sodium (DSS)-induced CRC mouse, the effect of FMT from HC, CRA, CRC, and IBD patients on CRC mice was assessed by histological analysis. Expression of inflammation- EMT-associated proteins and Wnt/β-catenin pathway were assessed using qRT-PCR and western blot. The ratio of the fecal microorganisms and metabolomics alteration after FMT were also assessed.
RESULT: Prevotella, Faecalibacterium, Phascolarctobacterium, Veillonella, Alistipes, Fusobacterium, Oscillibacter, Blautia, and Ruminococcus abundance was different among HC, IBD, CRC, and CRA patients. HC-FMT alleviated disease progression and inflammatory response in CRC mice, inhibited splenic T help (Th)1 and Th17 cell numbers, and suppressed the EMT and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in tumor tissues of CRC mice. IBD-FMT, CRA-FMT, and CRC-FMT played deleterious roles; the CRC-FMT mice exhibited the most malignant phenotype. Compared with the non-FMT CRC mice, Muribaculaceae abundance was lower after FMT, especially lowest in the IBD-FMT group; while Lactobacillus abundance was higher after FMT and especially high in HC-FMT. Akkermansia and Ileibacterium abundance increased after FMT-HC compared to other groups. Metabolite correlation analysis revealed that Muribaculaceae abundance was significantly correlated with metabolites such as Betaine, LysoPC, and Soyasaponin III. Lactobacillus abundance was positively correlated with Taurocholic acid 3-sulfate, and Ileibacterium abundance was positively correlated with Linoleoyl ethanolamide.
CONCLUSION: The different intestinal microbiota communities of HC, IBD, CRA, and CRC patients may be attributed to the different modulation effects of FMT on CRC mice. CRC-FMT promoted, while HC-FMT inhibited the progress of CRC. Increased linoleoyl ethanolamide levels and abundance of Muribaculaceae, Akkermansia, and Ileibacterium and reduced Fusobacterium might participate in inhibiting CRC initiation and development. This study demonstrated that FMT intervention could restore the intestinal microbiota and metabolomics of CRC mice, suggesting FMT as a potential strategy for CRC therapy.
The present invention belongs to the technical field of producing polypeptide mdicine by gene engineering in biotechnological pharmaceutical engineering. The present invention realizes that a human EGF gene is cloned to a transfer vector pBacPAK8 of a bombyx mori nuclearpolyhedrosis virus and homologously recombined with the linearized bombyx mori nuclearpolyhedrosis virus in a bombyx mori cell, so a recombination bombyx mori nuclearpolyhedrosis virus BmBacEGF with a gene of a human epidermal growth factor is obtained. The virus is submitted to the common micro-organism center of the microscobial preservation and management committee of China to be preserved, the address is zhongguancun of beijing, the preserving date is 02 july, 2001, and the preserving number is 0593. Stab inoculation is carried out to a larva and a pupal cell of a bombyx mori by the recombination bombyx mori nuclearpolyhedrosis virus to realize that the human epidermal growth factor is effectively expressed in the larva and the pupal cell of the bombyx mori, and the larva and the pupal cell which effectively express the human epidermal growth factor are developed into oral medicine. Animal experiments indicate that the medicine has obvious action on treating peptic ulcers and provides a new method for treating peptic ulcer diseases. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of easy raw material acquisition, low production cost and good therapeutic effect.
PCT No. PCT/DK92/00269 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 20, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 20, 1994 PCT Filed Sep. 8, 1992 PCT Pub. No. WO93/05143 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 18, 1993In a process for the selection and isolation of predacious fungi for use in the biological control of parasitic nematodes in animals, compost and soil samples are subjected to a multi-step process consisting of 1) a primary stress selection step done in vitro; 2) a secondary stress selection step done in vivo, wherein the fungi which survived the in vitro stress selection step, are selected on the basis of their ability to pass through living animals and 3) isolation of the predacious fungi passing both selection steps and exhibiting a predacious capacity of at least 50% by dung pat assay. These fungi can than be subject to an optional field test experiment. The selected predacious fungi can be administered to the animals as a feed additive or in the form of a device, such as a lick stone or bolus. The selected fungi can also be used in a composition for veterinary treatment.
The subjects in Part 1 of the study, will receive a single dose of treatment A= adult TRIUMEQ (DTG 50 mg/ABC 600 mg/3TC 300 mg, 1 conventional tablet) administered as direct-to-mouth, in TP1; treatment B=Pediatric TRIUMEQ (DTG 5 mg/ABC 60 mg/3TC 30 mg, 10 dispersible tablets) administered as a dispersion and taken immediately in TP2; and treatment C=Pediatric TRIUMEQ (DTG 5 mg/ABC 60 mg/3TC 30 mg, 10 dispersible tablets) administered as direct-to-mouth in TP3. Each treatment will be followed by a wash-out period of 7-days minus 4 hours.
Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is observed in 30 to 50 % of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) and Multiple System Atrophy (MSA). It is a major complain and represents a socially relevant problem as unintended episodes of sleep can also occur while driving for example. The exact pathophysiology of EDS in PD, DLB and MSA has not been fully elucidated so far, although pharmacological factors (dopaminergic medications) and pathological factors (neurodegeneration of sleep-wakefulness regulatory areas) have been identified. Arterial hypotension is frequently observed in patients with PD, DLB and MSA and considered as a marker of autonomic failure. Sleepiness is known to occur preferentially when patients are having arterial hypotension whatever the cause (i.e. postprandial period, administration of hypotensive medication such as dopamine agonists). We hypothesize that arterial hypotension is associated with abnormal sleepiness. We have observed this association in an on-going epidemiological survey (COPARK Cohort of 800 PD patients, manuscript in preparation). Hyperglycaemia induced by oral glucose load - a standardized model simulating food intake during a meal - provokes arterial hypotension in the majority of Parkinson's disease patients with dysautonomia. It can be hypothesised that sleep attacks in these patients could be mediated by this fall in blood pressure.
The invention concerns a method for isolation of cytisine from plant material. The method according to the invention, consists in extraction of the plant raw material by lower alcohol, acidified with mineral acid to pH within a range 1.5-3.5. The combined alcohol-aqueous extracts are concentrated under vacuum distillation till the alcohol is eliminated and after filtering they are extracted with chloroform, methylene chloride, butyl acetate or normal butanol in a ratio of 1:1. The purified from ballast substances acid aqueous concentrate is alkalized to pH 9-12 with alkaline hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide and the resulting alkaline aqueous concentrate is extracted at least twice with chloroform, methylene chloride, butyl acetate or normal butanol in a ratio of concentrate: extractant of 1:5 to 1:10. The combined organic extracts are evaporated to dryness, then acetone or ethyl acetate are added to obtain a suspension which is allowed to crystallize completely at 5 -10°C, then it is filtered and dried. The isolated product is with a high yield and purity.