anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A microalbuminuria level acts as a good index to screen and monitor diabetes and renal failure. However, the urinary albumin loss after sample preservation and storage is the major bottleneck to obtain the accurate microalbuminuria test. Such loss is due to the rapid albumin fragmentation by urinary proteases. Some fragments were suggested to be bioactive biomarkers of diabetes and renal disease, but no structural and dynamical properties of albumin fragments are available. Thus, in this work, the structural and dynamical properties of reported albumin fragments are revealed using molecular dynamics simulations. The properties of nine fragments (F1-F9) discovered recently were studied at the real pH conditions of urine samples (pH 4.5, 7 and 8). The complete loss of secondary structure is found in short fragments (F1-F6), while large-sized polypeptides (F7-F9) can somehow maintain their folds. Especially, F8 (subdomain IIIB) is the most stable fragment. The difference in histidine protonation states has no impact on the structural stability of albumin fragments. The ability of F8 (subdomain IIIB) to maintain its stability and folds suggests it as an alternative albumin biomarker in urine. An insight obtained here will become the fundamental importance for understanding clinical assays for albumin detection, sample stability and peptidomics analysis of urine.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Previous studies on the potential effects of unpredictability on pain perception and its neural correlates yielded divergent results. This study examined whether this may be explained by differences in acquired expectations. We presented 41 healthy volunteers with laser heat stimuli of different intensities. The stimuli were preceded either by predictable low, medium, or high cues or by unpredictable low-medium, medium-high, or low-high cues. We recorded self-reports of pain intensity and unpleasantness and laser-evoked potentials (LEPs). Furthermore, we investigated whether dynamic expectations that evolved throughout the experiment based on past trials were better predictors of pain ratings than fixed (nonevolving) expectations. Our results replicate previous findings that unpredictable pain is higher than predictable pain for low-intensity stimuli but lower for high-intensity stimuli. Moreover, we observed higher ratings for the medium-high unpredictable condition than the medium-low unpredictable condition, in line with an effect of expectation. We found significant interactions (N1, N2) for the LEP components between intensity and unpredictability. However, the few significant differences in LEP peak amplitudes between cue conditions did not survive correction for multiple testing. In line with predictive coding perspectives, pain ratings were best predicted by dynamic expectations. Surprisingly, expectations of reduced precision (increased variance) were associated with lower pain ratings. Our findings provide strong evidence that (dynamic) expectations contribute to the opposing effects of unpredictability on pain perception; therefore, we highlight the importance of controlling for them in pain unpredictability manipulations. We also suggest to conceptualize pain expectations more often as dynamic constructs incorporating previous experiences.
298 MHD patients in 6 hemodialysis centers in Taiwan were enrolled in this randomized controlled study. All the participants were randomized into study group ( dry weight (DW) determined by BCM-BIS) and control group ( dry weight determined by clinical symptoms) with stratification by diabetes mellitus and centers. Body composition monitor based on bioimpedance spectroscopy (BCM-BIS) was performed monthly and concomitant biochemical data and clinical outcomes were collected. Intra-dialysis complications were recorded in every dialysis session. Primary outcome was all-cause hospitalization. Secondary outcomes included 1) complications during DW adjustment 2) intra-dialysis morbidities 3) hypertension 4) mortality 5) acute fluid overload (AFO) or cardiovascular (CV)-related events. The clinical feasibility of the BCM-BIS algorithm was also inspected. Statistical methods: a software (SAS) 9.3 was used for statistical analysis in this study. R 3.0 was used for graphic presentation of parts of the results. Relative risk, incidence rate ratio and Fisher's exact test were used to compare the discrete outcomes in both groups. Survival analysis was used for time-related events. Repeated-measured and longitudinal data were analyzed with the generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) through the procedure for continuous variables (PROC MIXED) and for discrete variables (PROC GLIMMIX) in SAS.
Toxic signaling by extrasynaptic NMDA receptors (eNMDARs) is considered an important promoter of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) disease progression. To exploit this therapeutically, we take advantage of TwinF interface (TI) inhibition, a pharmacological principle that, contrary to classical NMDAR pharmacology, allows selective elimination of eNMDAR-mediated toxicity via disruption of the NMDAR/TRPM4 death signaling complex while sparing the vital physiological functions of synaptic NMDARs. Post-disease onset treatment of the SOD1G93A ALS mouse model with FP802, a modified TI inhibitor with a safe pharmacology profile, stops the progressive loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord, resulting in a reduction in the serum biomarker neurofilament light chain, improved motor performance, and an extension of life expectancy. FP802 also effectively blocks NMDA-induced death of neurons in ALS patient-derived forebrain organoids. These results establish eNMDAR toxicity as a key player in ALS pathogenesis. TI inhibitors may provide an effective treatment option for ALS patients.
BACKGROUND: Vaginal bleeding is the most common cause of presentation at the emergency department in the first trimester. Clinical presentation helps determine the likely cause of first-trimester vaginal bleeding. However, ultrasound imaging is required to reach a definitive diagnosis.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between clinical diagnosis and ultrasonographic findings in women with first-trimester vaginal bleeding.
METHODS: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on 94 pregnant patients with a history of bleeding per vagina (PV) in the first trimester by using transvaginal ultrasound.
RESULTS: PV spotting was noted in 64.9% and heavy bleeding in 35.1%. The most common clinically associated symptom was abdominal pain (68, 72.3%), and the least common clinically associated symptom was vesicle expulsion (2.1%). The most common predisposing factor was fever (31, 33.0%). The most frequent clinical diagnosis was threatened abortion (48, 51.1%), and the least common clinical diagnosis was gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) and inevitable abortion (1, 1.1%). The most common ultrasound diagnosis at the initial scan was incomplete abortion (19.2%), while at follow-up scans, it was threatened abortion (48, 51.1%). The overall concordance between clinical diagnosis and ultrasound was 38.8%, with both complete abortion and GTD showing a concordance of 100%. The least concordance was seen in missed abortions (25%).
CONCLUSION: Clinical assessment is insufficient in the identification of the cause of vaginal bleeding due to the overall low concordance rate. A combination of clinical assessment and ultrasonography is required for decision-making in every case.
The genetic risk of chronic diseases represents a complex medical setting in which individuals need to adapt to health conditions that manage daily living towards to healthy behaviours. This exploratory review focused on psychological counselling for genetic risk diagnosis. This study aimed to address the psychological management of the impact of genetic risk on chronic diseases. We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO and Scopus for articles from May 2012 to August 2023. A descriptive analysis of the characteristics of the included studies was conducted. Based on the exclusion/inclusion criteria, the literature search yielded 250 studies. Seventeen full texts were assessed for eligibility and 207 articles were excluded. Observational (n = 15) and randomised clinical trials (n = 2) were examined. Most studies have been conducted on oncological diagnoses; the emotional dimensions examined have been worry, depression, anxiety and stress in most diseases. Psychological measures are based on self-reports and questionnaires; few studies have investigated the connections between quality of life, psychological traits and emotional dimensions. The complexity of clinics and from daily diagnostic and treatment practices to the everyday experience of those living with the risk of disease might be addressed in counselling settings to improve quality of life in genetic risk, increasing mental adaptation to tailored chronic conditions. Thus, the empowerment of communication of genetic risk information should be part of the general trend towards personalised medicine.
The protocol starts with 5 minutes of instruction about finding a range of stretching representing approximately 50% of the range of motion and pain-free. The instructor will also wear wrist and ankle reflective bands as body-marks to show a posture with 100% stretch and then corrected to 50%. Once the participant grasps the concept the routine will begin with 5 minutes of warm-up, followed by stretching exercises targeting 10 anatomical groups. Each posture will last 1 minute divided in 30 seconds of settling into each posture and 30 seconds of holding. Each session will be video recorded to analyze the stretching range, only if the participant agrees at the informed consent visit. Participants will be encouraged to find their own 50% with some feedback from the instructor.
Sciatica characterized by irritation, inflammation, and compression of the lower back nerve, is considered one of the most common back ailments globally. Currently, the therapeutic regimens for sciatica are experiencing a paradigm shift from the conventional pharmacological approach toward exploring potent phytochemicals from medicinal plants. There is a dire need to identify novel phytochemicals with anti-neuropathic potential. This review aimed to identify the potent phytochemicals from diverse medicinal plants capable of alleviating neuropathic pain associated with sciatica. This review describes the pathophysiology of sciatic nerve pain, its cellular mechanisms, and the pharmacological potential of various plants and phytochemicals using animal-based models of sciatic nerve injury-induced pain. Extensive searches across databases such as Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were conducted. The findings highlights 39 families including Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Apocyanaceae and Cucurbitaceae, effectively treating sciatic nerve injury-induced pain. Flavonoids made up 53% constituents, phenols and terpenoids made up 15%, alkaloids made up 13%, and glycosides made up 6% to be used in neuorpathic pain. Phytochemicals derived from various medicinal plants can serve as potential therapeutic targets for both acute and chronic sciatic injury-induced neuropathic pain.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the susceptibility of patients suffering from asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to dental caries by analyzing the physical, chemical, and microbiological characteristics of saliva, which are influenced by the medications they use.
METHODS: A cohort of 104 individuals, spanning from 18 to 70 years of age, underwent a meticulous categorization based on their unique medical profiles and prescribed medication routines. Subsequently, a comprehensive evaluation was conducted to elucidate potential risk factors associated with dental caries. Alongside the assessment of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT index), decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (DMFS index), and Green and Vermillion Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (G&V OHI-S) values, measurements were performed to gauge salivary flow rate, buffering capacity, and the presence of S. mutans, L. casei, S. aureus, and C. albicans. The acquired data were then inputted into the Cariogram software, enabling the derivation of personalized caries risk profiles for each individual.
RESULTS: The diseased group exhibited significantly elevated levels of DMFT, DMFS, and G&V OHI-S values in comparison to the control group (p < 0.01). Moreover, the caries risk levels derived from the Cariogram were found to be significantly higher in patients diagnosed with asthma and COPD (p < 0.01). Notably, no substantial distinction was observed between these two experimental groups. Furthermore, it was discerned that COPD patients utilizing two or three distinct medications did not display any discernible variation in terms of their susceptibility to dental caries (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Asthma and COPD patients exhibit an increased susceptibility to dental caries as a result of their medication regimens. Hence, it is highly advisable for these individuals to demonstrate heightened vigilance in terms of oral hygiene practices and seek regular dental check-ups for continuous monitoring and preventive care.
The placebo device will use the same case, headband and battery as the OtoBand. The transducer in the OtoBand will be rotated 90 degrees, so that the placebo device will vibrate in a direction ineffectual at providing bone conducted vibrations. The vibrations will be in the horizontal plane, parallel to the skull, and will not have their energy penetrating the skull all the way to the vestibular system. Each participant will select his/her preferred stimulation level. The placebo devices will be made to vibrate at one of three power levels, none of which are thought to be effective. The placebo will record what power level is selected and how long it was operating at that power level as well as the date and time a usage started. The "use log" will be downloaded at Otolith's lab once the device is received. The participant will wear the device for 30 minutes and record their Tinnitus level in a Google Form.
Provided are an ultrasonic response type liposome nanoparticle, a preparation method therefor, and use thereof. The liposome nanoparticle comprises dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine, 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethyl ammonium-propane, distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine-polyethylene glycol, a sound sensitive agent, an antibiotic, and perfluoropentane. The liposome nanoparticle is used for treating bacterial biofilm infection. The preparation method refers to preparing a liposome membrane, and hydrating the liposome membrane to load perfluoropentane, a sound sensitive agent, and an antibiotic. The liposome generates an ultrasonic cavitation effect under the ultrasonic action, which destroys a bacterial biofilm structure to release the sound sensitive agent and the antibiotic and enhance the permeation thereof in a biofilm. Part of bacteria are killed by means of the sonodynamic performance of the sound sensitive agent, and the expression of a bacterial nitroreductase is enhanced to activate a nitroimidazole medicament, so that residual stubborn bacteria are further killed, and efficient antibacterial biological membrane performance is achieved.
Snakebite envenoming is a neglected tropical disease that causes >100,000 deaths and >400,000 cases of morbidity annually. Despite the use of mouse models, severe local envenoming, defined by morbidity-causing local tissue necrosis, remains poorly understood, and human-tissue responses are ill-defined. Here, for the first time, an ex vivo, non-perfused human skin model was used to investigate temporal histopathological and immunological changes following subcutaneous injections of venoms from medically important African vipers (Echis ocellatus and Bitis arietans) and cobras (Naja nigricollis and N. haje). Histological analysis of venom-injected ex vivo human skin biopsies revealed morphological changes in the epidermis (ballooning degeneration, erosion, and ulceration) comparable to clinical signs of local envenoming. Immunostaining of these biopsies confirmed cell apoptosis consistent with the onset of necrosis. RNA sequencing, multiplex bead arrays, and ELISAs demonstrated that venom-injected human skin biopsies exhibited higher rates of transcription and expression of chemokines (CXCL5, MIP1-ALPHA, RANTES, MCP-1, and MIG), cytokines (IL-1β, IL-1RA, G-CSF/CSF-3, and GM-CSF), and growth factors (VEGF-A, FGF, and HGF) in comparison to non-injected biopsies. To investigate the efficacy of antivenom, SAIMR Echis monovalent or SAIMR polyvalent antivenom was injected one hour following E. ocellatus or N. nigricollis venom treatment, respectively, and although antivenom did not prevent venom-induced dermal tissue damage, it did reduce all pro-inflammatory chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors to normal levels after 48 h. This ex vivo skin model could be useful for studies evaluating the progression of local envenoming and the efficacy of snakebite treatments.
Understanding the interplay between social activities and disease dynamics is crucial for effective public health interventions. Recent studies using coupled behavior-disease models assumed homogeneous populations. However, heterogeneity in population, such as different social groups, cannot be ignored. In this study, we divided the population into social media users and non-users, and investigated the impact of homophily (the tendency for individuals to associate with others similar to themselves) and online events on disease dynamics. Our results reveal that homophily hinders the adoption of vaccinating strategies, hastening the approach to a tipping point after which the population converges to an endemic equilibrium with no vaccine uptake. Furthermore, we find that online events can significantly influence disease dynamics, with early discussions on social media platforms serving as an early warning signal of potential disease outbreaks. Our model provides insights into the mechanisms underlying these phenomena and underscores the importance of considering homophily in disease modeling and public health strategies.
Participants will be given 2 mg/kg/day total of elemental iron once a day when they are consuming 150-160 ml/kg/day of enteral feeds and are at least 14 days old. The total iron doses will be provided by fortification of feeds and liquid iron sulfate and will be weight adjusted once a week. The participants will receive the study iron dose until 36 week corrected gestational age or discharge, whichever comes first.
Patients receive omega-3 fatty-acid enriched enteral nutritional emulsion during the neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Patients are meanwhile encouraged to intake 25-30kcal/kg through regular food.
The invention provides an application of (E)-N-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-3-phenylacrylamide compound 1 in preparation for a medicine resisting Alzheimer disease. An animal experiment for the nerve cells of a primary SD rat displays that: the compound 1 can be bound with alpha7nAChR, and the binding site is as the same as the binding site of bungatotoxin. Anti-inflammatory activity experiment prompts that the compound 1 has good anti-inflammatory activity. The compound 1 remarkably improves the toxicity of the nerve cells of the primary SD rat, and has a neuroprotective effect. Moreover, the compound 1 can directly act on amyloid protein, so as to achieve reduction for the toxic effect on the nerve cells acted by beta-amyloid. An experiment of treating a mouse by scopolamine indicates that the compound 1 can effectively improve the learning ability and the memory ability of experimental animal. The experiment shows that the compound 1 can effectively treat the senile dementia induced by beta-amyloid by means of exciting alpha7-acetylcholine receptor, depolymerizing beta-amyloid and the like. Therefore, the compound 1 can be used for preparing a medicine resisting Alzheimer disease, and has great clinical application value.
In Studies 1 and 2 in adult melanoma and breast cancer, efficacy analyses were based upon comparisons of the number and proportion of resected lymph nodes that contained a lymph node tracer (Lymphoseek and/or blue dye) or neither tracer. Evaluable lymph nodes were resected from 176 Study 1 patients and 152 Study 2 patients who received Lymphoseek at the dose of 0.5 to 2 mCi in 50 mcg administered 15 minutes to 30 hours prior to surgery. Table 8 shows the distribution of resected lymph nodes by the presence or absence of a tracer. Most of the resected lymph nodes were identified by either Lymphoseek (LS) or blue dye (BD) or both. Significantly more resected lymph nodes were identified by Lymphoseek in comparison to blue dye.

In Studies 1 and 2 lymphatic mapping was performed in 328 adult patients with melanoma or breast cancer. The overall rate of lymph node detection by Lymphoseek at the patient level was 97% (319/328). The average number of lymph nodes detected by Lymphoseek was approximately 2 per patient.

In Study 3 lymphatic mapping was performed in 83 adult patients with SCC of the oral cavity. The rate of lymph node detection by Lymphoseek at the patient level was 98% (81/83) with a 95% confidence interval of 92% to 100%. The average number of lymph nodes identified was 4 per patient.

In Study 4 lymphatic mapping was performed in 23 pediatric patients with melanoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and other solid tumors. The overall rate of lymph node detection by Lymphoseek at the patient level was 96% (22/23) when the detection rate is defined as at least one lymph node in a patient can be detected. The average number of lymph nodes detected by Lymphoseek was approximately 3 per patient. Of the 79 nodes in 21 patients who also received blue dye, all of 47 nodes identified by blue dye were also identified by Lymphoseek; a total of 74 nodes were identified by Lymphoseek.
FIELD: peptides, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cyclopeptides of the formula (I): Cyclo-(Arg-Gly-Asp-X-Y) where X means Phe, homo-Phe, Phg, Phe (4-F) or Phe (4-Cl); Y means hPro, Ahds, Aos, Nhdg, Acha, Aib, Acpa or Tle being in the case of residues of optically active amino acids and derivatives of amino acids D- and L-forms also and derivatives, especially β-ester of aspartic acid or N-guanidineacyl-derivatives of arginine, prodrugs and their physiologically acceptable salts. Compounds show high activity as inhibitors of integrin and also an anti-inflammatory effect. Invention describes also a method of synthesis of cyclopeptides and a pharmaceutical composition showing ability to inhibit integrin. EFFECT: valuable properties of cyclopeptides. 6 cl, 1 tbl
Freshman college students at Northwestern University will be cluster randomized to two groups based on their dorm. The intervention for one group will target smoking, physical activity, BMI and consumption of fruits and vegetables. The intervention in the second group will target traveling behavior, sexual risk behaviors, sunscreen use and hydration. Baseline health and lifestyle measures will be assessed for each participant prior to intervention. Health assessments will measure height, weight, fasting glucose, total cholesterol and carbon monoxide. The lifestyle measure will ask questions about physical activity, diet, alcohol and tobacco use, safe sex practices, driving habits, and sunscreen use. These same measures will be repeated during the fall of the students' sophomore and junior years.

Participants will be given a mobile application and encouraged to track some behaviors. In addition, participants will be asked to answer weekly questions regarding health behaviors.
Telaprevir 1125 mg tablet twice daily for 12 weeks in combination with Peg-IFN-alfa-2a 180 mcg/week subcutaneous injection and RBV tablet orally twice daily at a dose of 1000 mg/day for subjects weighing \<75 kg and 1200 mg/day for subjects weighing \>=75 kg, for 48 weeks. Only subjects with no RVR or no RVR assessment, and subjects with RVR who permanently discontinued telaprevir, Peg-IFN-alfa-2a, or RBV treatment before Week 12, who did not have eRVR or eRVR assessment, were included in this group, as planned.