anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Vicriviroc is an oral HIV-1 entry inhibitor that targets the CCR5 receptor of T cells. Vicriviroc has been shown safe, well-tolerated, and active in Phase I clinical trials in treatment-naive HIV infected patients. The goal of this study is to evaluate the antiretroviral activity of three dose levels of vicriviroc in HIV infected, treatment-experienced patients who are failing their current ritonavir-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART).

The study will last at least 48 weeks, but no more than 5 years. There are 3 steps in this study. Patients will be randomly assigned to one of 4 groups. Group 1 will receive placebo; Group 2 will receive 5 mg vicriviroc daily; Group 3 will receive 10 mg vicriviroc daily; and Group 4 will receive 15 mg vicriviroc daily. If at or after Week 16 a participant's viral load has not met certain criteria, a dose increase of vicriviroc may occur and the participant will enter Step 2. As of 10/12/05, patients in Group 2 and any patients who entered Step 2 following virologic failure in Step 1 will be unblinded and offered either 15 mg vicriviroc daily through this study or the option of seeking alternative treatment. All patients will continue their current ART (not provided by the study). After two weeks, patients will receive ART optimized by the results of genotypic/phenotypic testing performed at study screening. All participants who have received or are receiving vicriviroc will enter Step 3 and be followed for an additional 4 years. Participants who complete the study may be eligible to receive vicriviroc through a rollover study sponsored by Schering-Plough, the drug's manufacturer.

Physical exams and blood collection will occur at study entry, Day 4, and Weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 32, 40, and 48. Additionally, blood will be drawn twice, at least 2 hours apart, at both Weeks 2 and 8 for vicriviroc pharmacokinetic analysis. Patients will undergo an electrocardiogram (EKG) at Weeks 2, 8, 24, and 48. Patients will be assessed for peripheral neuropathy at study entry and Weeks 24 and 48, and will be asked to complete an adherence questionnaire at entry and Weeks 2, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, and 48. For Step 3 participants undergoing follow-up, physical exams and blood work will occur every 6 months for 4 years.

Five participants currently enrolled at four sites that are no longer receiving funding and who will not be transferred or redirected to a site within their proximity will be subject to the following changes. There will no longer be follow-up visits per the schedule of events described in the protocol. Instead, participants will have their follow-up limited to self-report through telephone interviews to ascertain vital status, occurrence of malignancies (if any), and collection of information such as HIV-1 RNA and CD4 cell count. For these participants only, the HIV-1 RNA and CD4 cell count will be done as part of the participant's clinical care and will not be paid for by the study. The follow-up telephone interviews will be conducted at six-month intervals using the script provided by the study team.
Participants will receive 50 minutes of cognitive training twice a week for 6 weeks. The cognitive training program will be delivered in booklet form, and participants will perform the cognitive tasks of the cognitive-motor training in a seated position with no physical movement.
Subjects with SS will be randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive either AL3818 or IV dacarbazine. Subjects randomized to AL3818 will receive 12 mg AL3818 capsules orally once daily in 21-day cycles (14 days on treatment from Day 1-14, 7 days off treatment from Day 15-21).
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Gastric balloons and endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty appear to work by delaying gastric emptying. We hypothesized that pylorus-sparing antral myotomy would inhibit the antral pump, inducing gastric retention and similarly resulting in weight loss.
METHODS: In this single-center pilot study, we assessed bariatric endoscopic antral myotomy (BEAM) using submucosal tunneling. The primary outcomes were feasibility, safety, and efficacy at 6 and 12 months, whereas the secondary outcomes were changes in the gastric-emptying rate and gastroparesis cardinal symptom index (GCSI) score.
RESULTS: Six subjects underwent successful BEAM. One required needle decompression, and another developed pulmonary embolism, treated without sequela. At 6 and 12 months, patients achieved 9.1% ± 8.9% and 12.2% ± 7.1% total weight loss (P < .0005). The gastric-emptying rate was delayed by 36.6% in those with ≥10% total weight loss. The GCSI score increased significantly at 12 months, particularly regarding early satiety.
CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study suggests BEAM is feasible and appears to induce delayed gastric emptying that is associated with significant weight loss, without symptoms of gastroparesis.
BACKGROUND: The therapeutic role of pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) during radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer is not established. In clinical practice, PLND is primarily performed in cases of high-risk prostate cancer. The detection of lymph node metastasis plays a crucial role in determining the need for subsequent treatments. This study aims to evaluate the prognosis of prostate cancer patients with lymph node involvement (LNI) by stratifying them based on postoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels to identify biomarkers that can guide postoperative treatment strategies.
METHODS: Analysis was conducted on 383 patients, selected from 572 initially eligible, who underwent RP with LNI across 33 Japanese Urological Oncology Group institutions from 2006 to 2019. Patients were grouped according to postoperative PSA levels and salvage treatments received. Follow-up focused on castration resistance-free survival (CRFS), metastasis-free survival (MFS), and overall survival (OS).
RESULTS: In the persistent PSA group (PSA ≥ 0.1 ng/mL), CRFS and MFS were significantly shorter compared to the non-persistent PSA group (PSA < 0.1 ng/mL), and there was a tendency for shorter OS. In the persistent PSA group, patients with postoperative PSA values above the median (PSA ≥ 0.52 ng/mL) showed shorter CRFS and MFS. Furthermore, in the PSA ≥ 0.52 group, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) plus radiotherapy (RT) combination had prolonged CRFS and MFS compared with ADT alone.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides valuable insights into stratifying patients based on postoperative PSA levels to tailor postoperative treatment strategies, potentially improving the prognosis of prostate cancer patients with LNI.
BACKGROUND: Obesity and related metabolic diseases are becoming a worldwide epidemic, leading to increased mortality and heavy medical costs. Our Chinese herbal formula Xiao-Gao-Jiang-Zhuo (XGJZ) has remarkable effects on curing obese patients in the clinic, but the cellular and molecular basis remains unknown. This study aimed to reveal the molecular mechanism involved in adipogenesis in vitro.
METHODS: Chinese herbal formula XGJZ-containing serum was prepared from XGJZ-treated obesity model rats. The function of XGJZ-containing serum was validated in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Oil O staining was performed to determine intracellular lipid accumulation in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. The expression of pro-adipogenic transcription factors was measured to further validate the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The contents of triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), and glycerin, along with the activities of lipid metabolism-related enzymes (including FAT, FATP1, DGAT, GPAT, ATGL, and HSL) were measured to study the lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
RESULTS: XGJZ-containing serum inhibited 3T3-L1 differentiation, decreased intracellular lipid accumulation, and suppressed the expression of pro-adipogenic transcription factors in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. The contents of TG, FFA, and glycerin were decreased when treated with XGJZ-containing serum, which also modulated lipid metabolism-related enzyme activities. The activities of fatty acid transporters (FAT, FATP1) and lipid mobilization enzymes (ATGL, HSL) were promoted, while activities of triglyceride biosynthesis enzymes (DGAT, GPAT) were attenuated in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells.
CONCLUSION: XGJZ-containing serum has inhibitory effects on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, affirming the effect of XGJZ in treating obesity. It provides evidence for the mechanism of obesity.
The invention discloses a rhinitis traditional Chinese medicine nasal wash directly used in nasal washing. According to the invention, the raw materials comprise 3g of heartleaf houttuynia herb, 6g of magnolia flower, 4g of Taiwan angelica root, and 0.5g of ginseng. 20g of a liquid agent is extracted with an existing Chinese patent medicine preparation process; the 20g of liquid agent, a proper amount of medicinal dextrin, 5g of milk, 4g of honey, and 2g of edible salt form a preparation for use once. The medicine liquid is sealed by using a bottle. 20g of the medicine liquid is dissolved in 500g of warm boiled water, and can be used. When nasal washing is carried out, a user breathes in and out the warm liquid in the container several times by using his nose, and breathes in the liquid into the throat and spills out the liquid from the mouth several times; the user breathes in water, and pinches the nose by using fingers; the user rises his head, and pinches the nose by using fingers and releases the nose several times; the user lowers his head, and the liquid is breathed out; and the user breathes in and out the warm liquid several times. The medicine liquid is directly used in nasal wash, and can be used for treating intranasal diseases.
Chronic pain is a prevalent condition with a multifaceted pathogenesis, where epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation, might play an important role. This review delves into the intricate mechanisms by which DNA methylation and demethylation regulate genes associated with nociception and pain perception in nociceptive pathways. We explore the dynamic nature of these epigenetic processes, mediated by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes, which modulate the expression of pro- and anti-nociceptive genes. Aberrant DNA methylation profiles have been observed in patients with various chronic pain syndromes, correlating with hypersensitivity to painful stimuli, neuronal hyperexcitability, and inflammatory responses. Genome-wide analyses shed light on differentially methylated regions and genes that could serve as potential biomarkers for chronic pain in the epigenetic landscape. The transition from acute to chronic pain is marked by rapid DNA methylation reprogramming, suggesting its potential role in pain chronicity. This review highlights the importance of understanding the temporal dynamics of DNA methylation during this transition to develop targeted therapeutic interventions. Reversing pathological DNA methylation patterns through epigenetic therapies emerges as a promising strategy for pain management.
The invention discloses a method for extracting hydroxyl naphthoquinone total pigment with supercritical carbon dioxide, relating to the method for extracting the hydroxyl naphthoquinone total pigment, and solving the problems of complex operation, long operation time, uncompleted extraction and organic solvent residue in the existing method for extracting the hydroxyl naphthoquinone total pigment. The method comprises the steps of: heating up the mixture of dried alkanna root and ethanol; circularly extracting under the atmosphere of CO2 and under the condition of extraction pressure; decompressing and separating; and discharging. The method has good reproducibility and stability, and high recovery rate of shikonin. The method has simple technology, easy operation and short operation time. The method has no organic solvent residue and prevents from environment pollution. The hydroxyl naphthoquinone total pigment extracted by the method has high purity degree more than 98% and high extraction quantity which is to be 65.08-67.07% of the dried alkanna root.
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are strongly associated with liver cirrhosis, inflammation, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In this context, the viral HBx protein is considered as a major factor influencing HBV-associated pathogenesis through deregulation of multiple cellular signaling pathways and is therefore a potential target for prognostic and therapeutic applications. However, HBV-associated pathogenesis differs significantly between genotypes, with the relevant factors and in particular the contribution of the genetic diversity of HBx being largely unknown. To address this question, we studied the specific genotype-dependent impact of HBx on cellular signaling pathways, focusing in particular on morphological and functional parameters of mitochondria. To exclusively investigate the impact of HBx of different genotypes on integrity and function of mitochondria in the absence of additional viral factors, we overexpressed HBx in Huh7 or HepG2 cells. Key signaling pathways were profiled by kinome analysis and correlated with expression levels of mitochondrial and pathogenic markers. Conclusively, HBx of genotypes A and G caused strong disruption of mitochondrial morphology alongside an induction of PTEN-induced putative kinase 1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. These effects were only moderately dysregulated by genotypes B and E, whereas genotypes C and D exhibit an intermediate effect in this regard. Accordingly, changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and elevated reactive oxygen species production were associated with the HBx-mediated dysfunction among different genotypes. Also, genotype-related differences in mitophagy induction were identified and indicated that HBx-mediated changes in the mitochondria morphology and function strongly depend on the genotype. This indicates a relevant role of HBx in the process of genotype-dependent liver pathogenesis of HBV infections and reveals underlying mechanisms.IMPORTANCEThe hepatitis B virus is the main cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and differs in terms of pathogenesis and clinical outcome among the different genotypes. Furthermore, the viral HBx protein is a known factor in the progression of liver injury by inducing aberrant mitochondrial structures and functions. Consequently, the selective removal of dysfunctional mitochondria is essential to maintain overall cellular homeostasis and cell survival. Consistent with the intergenotypic difference of HBV, our data reveal significant differences regarding the impact of HBx of different genotypes on mitochondrial dynamic and function and thereby on radical oxygen stress levels within the cell. We subsequently observed that the induction of mitophagy differs significantly across the heterogenetic HBx proteins. Therefore, this study provides evidence that HBx-mediated changes in the mitochondria dynamics and functionality strongly depend on the genotype of HBx. This highlights an important contribution of HBx in the process of genotype-dependent liver pathogenesis.
Synthetic hexaploid wheats (SHWs) are effective genetic resources for transferring agronomically important genes from wild relatives to common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Dozens of reference-quality pseudomolecule assemblies of hexaploid wheat have been generated, but none is reported for SHW-derived cultivars. Here, we generated a chromosome-scale assembly for the SHW-derived cultivar 'Chuanmai 104' based on PacBio HiFi reads and chromosome conformation capture sequencing. The total assembly size was 14.81 Gb with a contig N50 length of 58.25 Mb. A BUSCO analysis yielded a completeness score of 99.30%. In total, repetitive elements comprised 81.36% of the genome and 122,554 high-confidence protein-coding gene models were predicted. In summary, the first chromosome-level assembly for a SHW-derived cultivar presents a promising outlook for the study and utilization of SHWs in wheat improvement, which is essential to meet the global food demand.
Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) refers to treatments used to assist people in achieving a pregnancy. Over the last years, ART have been developed with efforts to deliver a healthy baby. However, the selection of the embryo that most likely results in pregnancy remains a critical step in ART. Currently, this selection is based on morphological assessment of the embryos, but up to 70% of those embryos display an abnormal number of chromosomes. Preimplantation genetic test for aneuploidy (PGT-A) is used to assess the ploidy of embryos, although this is an invasive, expensive and time consuming technique. Alternatively, in order to predict the ploidy of pre-implantation embryos (euploidy vs aneuploidy), we suggest to characterise the metabolic profile of the embryo culture medium by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), which is a non-invasive, low cost and fast technique.

The aim of this study is to assess whether, using multivariable analysis to all the collected NMR data, it is possible to identify a differential metabolic pattern between aneuploid and euploid embryos which could improve embryo selection.
OBJECTIVE: Idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia (IIH) is a rare disorder of PTH-independent hypercalcemia. CYP24A1 and SLC34A1 gene mutations cause two forms of hereditary IIH. In this study, the clinical manifestations and molecular aspects of six new Chinese patients were investigated.
METHODS: The clinical manifestations and laboratory study of six patients with idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia were analyzed retrospectively.
RESULTS: Five of the patients were diagnosed with hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, and bilateral medullary nephrocalcinosis. Their clinical symptoms and biochemical abnormalities improved after treatment. One patient presented at age 11 years old with arterial hypertension, hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis, but normal serum calcium. Gene analysis showed that two patients had compound heterozygous mutations of CYP24A1, one patient had a monoallelic CYP24A1 variant, and three patients had a monoallelic SLC34A1 variant. Four novel CYP24A1 variants (c.116G > C, c.287T > A, c.476G > A and c.1349T > C) and three novel SLC34A1 variants (c.1322 A > G, c.1697_1698insT and c.1726T > C) were found in these patients.
CONCLUSIONS: A monoallelic variant of CYP24A1 or SLC34A1 gene contributes to symptomatic hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis. Manifestations of IIH vary with onset age. Hypercalcemia may not necessarily present after infancy and IIH should be considered in patients with nephrolithiasis either in older children or adults.
20%-40% of people with diabetes develop diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN), which often manifests as a painful complication, strongly reducing quality of life. Current standard pharmacological treatments for neuropathic pain are often ineffective and have considerable side effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for better treatment options. The way in which the brain interprets signals from the periphery can be modified through learning certain techniques, which can enable patients to modify signals related to painful DPN and consequently experience pain alleviation. Neurofeedback (NF) is a promising neuromodulatory therapy in which individuals receive real-time feedback about their brain's neurophysiological signals, thus increasing the volitional control of brain activity, reducing the experience of pain. Neurofeedback uses scalp EEG electrodes attached to a computer screen, which give real-time feedback to the individual. NF may offer symptom alleviation by teaching patients to regulate relevant activity patterns by themselves. By rewarding the person whenever the neural activity changes in a desired direction, the activity can be modulated. NF has not yet been investigated in an RCT in people with painful DPN. This proposed Danish-Brazilian project is the first triple blind RCT rigorously testing an EEG-NF intervention for neuropathic pain (NP) in diabetes. The treatment will be conducted over 10 sessions in two randomized groups: a real EEG-NF group and a sham (placebo) EEG-NF group. Brazilian participants will also undergo (functional) magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning to investigate how the NF-treatment targets and alters neural mechanisms. If found effective, the low-cost EEG-NF can be made available and implemented at large scale for people with diabetes and painful neuropathy, and will be in reach for low- to middle-income countries.
Dosage should be individualized according to the response of the patient. The suggested dosage ranges from 25 to 50 mg one to three times daily. Treatment should begin with 25 to 50 mg once daily with subsequent increase in individual dose or frequency according to response. A single daily dose is preferably given in mid-morning or mid-afternoon, according to the patient's eating habits. In an occasional patient it may be desirable to avoid late afternoon administration. Use of benzphetamine hydrochloride is not recommended in individuals under 12 years of age.
1376901 Polythio(amides and/or esters) UNILEVER Ltd 29 Feb 1972 [4 March 1971] 5984/71 Heading C3R [Also in Division A5] Polymers containing the -P-CS-R-CS-Q- linkage, where P and Q independently represent -NH- or -S- are prepared by a process comprising reacting a dicarboxyalkyl dicarbodithioate HO.CO.X.S.CS.-R-CS.S.X.CO.OH, where R is a divalent organic radical and X is -CH 2 -, -CH 2 .CH 2 - or -CH.CH 3 -CH 2 -, with a compound containing more than one mercapto and/or amino groups, e.g. a dithiol, diamine or mercaptoamine. Reaction may be effected in situ with the reactants diffused into a keratinous fibre, e.g. hair or wool, which may previously have been constrained from its natural configuration, the formation of the polymer helping to maintain the constrained configuration, e.g. in the setting, waving, crimping, creasing or straightening of hair. Thioglycollic acid may be released as a byproduct and act as an additional crimping or waving agent. Various dithioates, diamines and mercaptoamines are specified, some of which also act as dyes; reference is made to Specification 1,309,743 which relates to dyeing keratinous fibres with carboxyalkyl dithioates.