anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Mesalamine and its N-acetyl metabolite are excreted into human milk. In published lactation studies, maternal mesalamine doses from various oral and rectal formulations and products ranged from 500 mg to 3 g daily. The concentration of mesalamine in milk ranged from non-detectable to 0.11 mg/L. The concentration of the N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid metabolite ranged from 5 to 18.1 mg/L. Based on these concentrations, estimated infant daily doses for an exclusively breastfed infant are 0 to 0.017 mg/kg/day of mesalamine and 0.75 to 2.72 mg/kg/day of N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid. Caution should be exercised when Asacol is administered to a nursing woman. 

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), an inactive ingredient in the enteric coating of Asacol tablets, and its primary metabolite mono-butyl phthalate (MBP) are excreted into human milk. In pregnant rats, DBP causes fetal reproductive system aberrations/malformations in male offspring [see PRECAUTIONS, Pregnancy]. The clinical significance of this has not been determined.
PURPOSE: To assess the safety and efficacy of combining phacoemulsification with gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) compared to phacoemulsification alone in the management of primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG).
METHODS: Prospective, institutional study in which eyes requiring surgery for PACG were randomized to undergo phacoemulsification followed by GATT (phaco-GATT group) or phacoemulsification alone. Success was defined as having a final IOP of 6-20 mmHg with no subsequent glaucoma surgery or vision-threatening complications.
RESULTS: Thirty-six eyes underwent phaco-GATT with 360° angle incision and 38 eyes underwent phacoemulsification alone. IOP and glaucoma medications were significantly lower in the phaco-GATT group at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. The success rate in the phaco-GATT group was 94.4% after 12.16 ± 2.03 months, with 75% of eyes being off medications compared to 86.8% after 12.47 ± 4.27 months in the phaco group, with 42.1% off medications. (p = 0.008). Hyphema and fibrinous anterior chamber reaction were the most common complications in the phaco-GATT group and resolved with conservative treatment or required YAG capsulotomy. Although this delayed visual rehabilitation in the phaco-GATT group, it did not affect the final visual outcome with no significant difference in the final best-corrected visual acuity between both groups (p = 0.25).
CONCLUSION: Combining phacoemulsification with GATT in PACG yielded more favourable outcomes in terms of IOP, glaucoma medications and surgical success. Although the postoperative hyphema and fibrinous reaction may delay visual rehabilitation, GATT further lowers the IOP by breaking residual peripheral anterior synechiae and removing the dysfunctional trabeculum circumferentially, while avoiding the risks inherent in more invasive filtering procedures.
BACKGROUND: Marjolin ulcer is a specific type of squamous cell cancer that can benefit from the use of lymphoscintigraphy.The purpose of this study was to evaluate 3 different injection techniques for sentinel node biopsy in patients with Marjolin ulcer.
METHODS: Forty-eight patients with Marjolin ulcer (27 male and 21 female) ranging in age from 24 to 85 years were included in our study. Intratumoral (IT), peritumoral (PT) and periscar (PS) tissue injections of radiotracer were done in 9, 10, and 29 patients respectively. Injections were done 2-4 h before surgery. Lymphoscintigraphy was done for mapping the lymphatic drainage. During surgery, lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy was performed using a handheld gamma probe. After harvesting sentinel nodes, regional lymph node dissection was done.
RESULT: Sentinel node detection rate was higher in the PS group as compared to the IT and PT groups (89.6% vs. 50% and 22.2%) respectively. False negative rate was 0%. Pathologically involved sentinel nodes were detected in 16% of the included patients of our study which led to management change. None of the patients with pathologically non-involved sentinel nodes developed regional lymph node recurrence.
CONCLUSION: Lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy is feasible in Marjolin ulcer with high detection rate and low false negative cases which by detection of regional lymph node involvement can potentially change the management of patients. Injection site may be an important factor influencing the success of the procedure and injection of the mapping material in the peri-scar normal skin proximal to the lesion is the best technique.
Disclosed are a facial pack composition and a bathing composition based on loess, and methods for preparing the same. The bathing composition makes a user feel refreshed, prevents arteriosclerosis and fat accumulation in human bodies, is useful for the treatment of maturating diseases such as dermatophytosis and dermatitis and stimulates metabolism and blood circulation system of the human body. Additionally, the facial pack includes loess having a fine particle size sufficient to avoid skin irritation and thus does not adversely affect the skin even if the user uses the pack everyday. The loess is pretreated by a unique aging method and selected additives, so that the far infrared ray-emitting effect of the loess can be maximized. Therefore, it provides skin health-aid and cosmetic effects. Further, the bathing composition is an environmental-friendly composition because the loess-containing water discharged after bathing flows into a draining path, thereby purifying a contaminated river and recovering contaminated soil.
Accurate preoperative differentiation of the chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) endotype between eosinophilic CRS (eCRS) and non-eosinophilic CRS (non-eCRS) is an important topic in predicting postoperative outcomes and administering personalized treatment. To this end, we have constructed a sinus CT dataset, which comprises CT scan data and pathological biopsy results from 192 patients of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College between 2020 and 2022. To differentiate CRSwNP endotype on preoperative CT and improve efficiency at the same time, we developed a multi-view fusion model that contains a mini-architecture with each network of 10 layers by modifying the deep residual neural network. The proposed model is trained on a training set and evaluated on a test set. The multi-view deep learning fusion model achieved the area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve (AUC) of 0.991, accuracy of 0.965 and F1-Score of 0.970 in test set. We compared the performance of the mini-architecture with other lightweight networks on the same Sinus CT dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that the developed ResMini architecture contribute to competitive CRSwNP endotype identification modeling in terms of accuracy and parameter number.
Many medications have the potential to interfere with AdreView imaging and review of the patient's medications is required prior to AdreView dosing due to the risk for unreliable imaging results. If the AdreView imaging information is essential for clinical care, consider the withdrawal of the following categories of medications if the withdrawal can be accomplished safely: antihypertensives that deplete norepinephrine stores or inhibit reuptake (e.g., reserpine, labetalol), antidepressants that inhibit norepinephrine transporter function (e.g., amitriptyline and derivatives, imipramine and derivatives, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), and sympathomimetic amines (e.g., phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, pseudoephedrine and ephedrine). The period of time necessary to discontinue any specific medication prior to AdreView dosing has not been established [see Drug Interactions (7)].

Pheochromocytoma and Neuroblastoma

Drugs which interfere with norepinephrine uptake in neuroendocrine tumors may lead to false negative imaging results. When medically feasible, stop these drugs before AdreView administration and monitor patients for the occurrence of clinically significant withdrawal symptoms, especially patients with elevated levels of circulating catecholamines and their metabolites.

Congestive Heart Failure

Many commonly used cardiovascular, pulmonary, and neuropsychiatric medications interfere with AdreView imaging (see above). AdreView imaging should not be performed if discontinuation of these medications would involve risks which outweigh the value of AdreView imaging. In clinical trials, patients were not eligible for AdreView imaging if they were receiving medications in the above categories and the risks for medication withdrawal were unacceptable or if they were not clinically stable (e.g., experiencing continuing chest pain, hemodynamic instability, or clinically significant arrhythmia).
Women with T2DM exhibit normal or higher bone mineral density (BMD) for their age, but with approximately twice the overall risk of bone fragility compared with nondiabetic subjects. Known the apparent association between T2DM and the risk of bone fragility, examining the effects of commonly used oral antidiabetic agents; such as MET and thiazolidinediones (TZDs; for example rosiglitazone \[ROS\] or PIO), on BMD and/or bone turnover is of great clinical relevance for both diabetic patients and their treating physicians. Recent clinical trials, showed that women treated with ROS had higher risk of bone fragility and self-reported adverse events. Similarly, women on long-term treatment with PIO for T2DM experienced higher incidence of distal extremity fractures. TZDs are agonists of the nuclear transcription factor peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) which increase insulin sensitivity and improve glycemic control in T2DM. PPAR (γ) acts also as a molecular factor that favours adipogenesis over osteoblastogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells. The latter was suggested as a potential mechanism for the effects of TZDs on bone among others. In humans, TZDs decrease BMD and increase bone fragility risk. This study tests whether pioglitazone as compared to MET (both are commonly used in the treatment of T2DM in Saudi Arabia and other countries) affects bone health including bone mineral density, bone turnover markers, and osteocyte biomarker in patients with T2DM.
Systemic low-grade inflammation is a feature of chronic disease. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a common biomarker of inflammation and used as an indicator of disease risk; however, the role of inflammation in disease is not completely understood. Methylation is an epigenetic modification in the DNA which plays a pivotal role in gene expression. In this study we evaluated differential DNA methylation patterns associated with blood CRP level to elucidate biological pathways and genetic regulatory mechanisms to improve the understanding of chronic inflammation. The racially and ethnically diverse participants in this study were included as 50% White, 41% Black or African American, 7% Hispanic or Latino/a, and 2% Native Hawaiian, Asian American, American Indian, or Alaska Native (total n = 13,433) individuals. We replicated 113 CpG sites from 87 unique loci, of which five were novel (CADM3, NALCN, NLRC5, ZNF792, and cg03282312), across a discovery set of 1,150 CpG sites associated with CRP level (p < 1.2E-7). The downstream pathways affected by DNA methylation included the identification of IFI16 and IRF7 CpG-gene transcript pairs which contributed to the innate immune response gene enrichment pathway along with NLRC5, NOD2, and AIM2. Gene enrichment analysis also identified the nuclear factor-kappaB transcription pathway. Using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) we inferred methylation at three CpG sites as causal for CRP levels using both White and Black or African American MR instrument variables. Overall, we identified novel CpG sites and gene transcripts that could be valuable in understanding the specific cellular processes and pathogenic mechanisms involved in inflammation.
INTRODUCTION: Fecal microbiota transfer (FMT) is a treatment to modulate the gastrointestinal microbiota. Its use in recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) is established throughout Europe and recommended in national and international guidelines. In Germany, the FMT is codeable in the hospital reimbursement system. A comprehensive survey on the frequency of use based on this coding is missing so far.
MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY: Reports of the Institute for Hospital Remuneration (InEK), the Federal Statistical Office (DESTATIS), and hospital quality reports 2015-2021 were examined for FMT coding and evaluated in a structured expert consultation.
RESULTS: Between 2015 and 2021, 1,645 FMT procedures were coded by 175 hospitals. From 2016 to 2018, this was a median of 293 (274-313) FMT annually, followed by a steady decline in subsequent years to 119 FMT in 2021. Patients with FMT were 57.7% female, median age 74 years, and FMT was applied colonoscopically in 72.2%. CDI was the primary diagnosis in 86.8% of cases, followed by ulcerative colitis in 7.6%.
DISCUSSION: In Germany, FMT is used less frequently than in the European comparison. One application hurdle is the regulatory classification of FMT as a non-approved drug, which leads to significantly higher costs in manufacturing and administration and makes reimbursement difficult. The European Commission recently proposed a regulation to classify FMT as a transplant. This could prospectively change the regulatory situation of FMT in Germany and thus contribute to a nationwide offer of a therapeutic procedure recommended in guidelines.
Tumor immunotherapy, as another important treatment after surgical treatment, chemoradiotherapy and targeted therapy, has achieved great success and gradually become one of the standard treatment methods for tumors. Toripalimab is the first Chinese PD-1 inhibitor approved for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, malignant melanoma, urothelial carcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer. It has been widely used in clinical practice. Several clinical studies have confirmed that it is safe and effective. In recent years, several clinical studies have reported that Toripalimab alone or in combination can improve the response rate of cancer treatment and improve survival. The results of Toripalimab research are mainly derived from rigorously designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and the efficacy and safety in the real world still need to be further explored. Real world studies, based on a large sample size, non-randomly select treatment measures according to the actual condition and wishes of patients, and pay attention to meaningful outcome treatment, which is closer to real clinical practice, without extrapolation difficulties, and has more clinical practical value. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out a real-world study to investigate the differences in the efficacy and adverse reactions of Toripalimab immunotherapy in Chinese lung cancer patients in order to better guide clinical practice, which also provides research direction and data support for further prospective studies.
This intervention arm contains the caregivers of patients from this single arm study in which patients and caregivers will be given the experimental intervention (TAC intervention) with assessments pre and post intervention. The intervention will consist of six 45-minute telephone-delivered sessions. Session topics will include: (a) Distress management/tolerance (Sessions 1 and 2); (b) communication skills (Sessions 3 and 4); (c) guided review of prognostic information (Session 5); and (d) Intervention review and future plan (Session 6). Sessions will be completed by the individual (Sessions 1 and 3) and dyad (Sessions 2, and 4-6).
BACKGROUND: Faecal Prevotellaceae, and other microbes, have been associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and preclinical RA. We have performed a quantitative microbiome profiling study in preclinical stages of RA.
METHODS: First-degree relatives of patients with RA (RA-FDRs) from the SCREEN-RA cohort were categorised into four groups: controls, healthy asymptomatic RA-FDRs; high genetic risk, asymptomatic RA-FDRs with two copies of the shared epitope; autoimmunity, asymptomatic RA-FDRs with RA-associated autoimmunity; and symptomatic, clinically suspect arthralgias or untreated new-onset RA.Faecal samples were collected and frozen. 16S sequencing was performed, processed with DADA2 pipeline and Silva database. Cell counts (cytometry) and faecal calprotectin (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA) were also obtained. Microbial community analyses were conducted using non-parametric tests, such as permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA), Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis, or Aldex2.
RESULTS: A total of 371 individuals were included and categorised according to their preclinical stage of the disease. Groups had similar age, gender and body mass index. We found no significant differences in the quantitative microbiome profiles by preclinical stages (PERMANOVA, R2=0.00798, p=0.56) and, in particular, no group differences in Prevotellaceae abundance. Results were similar when using relative microbiome profiling data (PERMANOVA, R2=0.0073, p=0.83) or Aldex2 on 16S sequence counts. Regarding faecal calprotectin, we found no differences between groups (p=0.3).
CONCLUSIONS: We could not identify microbiome profiles associated with preclinical stages of RA. Only in a subgroup of individuals with the most pronounced phenotypes did we modestly retrieve the previously reported associations.
In Phase I (months 1-8) of this five-year project, we will develop an interactive, Internet-based, patient information and decision aid. In Phase II (months 9-60), we will evaluate the impact of this decision aid in a randomized controlled trial with male primary care patients aged 45-70 from three Washington, District of Columbia area health care settings (N = 1875). Trial arms include: 1) print-based information and decision aid (Print), 2) web-based information plus interactive decision aid (Web), and 3) usual care (UC). Subjects will complete outcome assessments at baseline, one- and 13-months post-baseline. The specific aims are to: 1. Evaluate the impact of the delivery method (Web vs. Print vs. Usual Care) on the key patient outcome variables of knowledge, decisional satisfaction, and the screening decision. 2. Identify factors that moderate the interventions' impact on the primary outcomes. 3. Identify the mechanisms by which the interventions impact knowledge and decisional satisfaction. In exploratory analyses, we will evaluate factors that are related to use of the web and print materials. This research has the potential to make several significant and innovative contributions: 1) the development and evaluation of a widely accessible method of educating a heterogeneous group of patients about a controversial topic, which can be adapted for other similarly contentious issues, 2) a determination of whether Web based materials are a feasible method of patient education for this age cohort, compared to print materials, 3) an understanding of cognitive factors that may hinder comprehension of a controversial medical decision, 4) a determination of who among the target population benefits the most from a web-based intervention, and 5) the information required to streamline and target future web-based educational interventions.
The intervention will include pre-surgical optimization blood management referral based on pre-operative Hgb levels \<11.0 g/dL. Treatment will include PO iron, IV iron, B12 or folate per blood management algorithm.
Manufacture of a liquid lubricant to be applied to the edge of razor blades, with the purpose of achieving a more efficient shaving and drastically increasing the useful life of razor blades. 1. Before shaving, it is recommended to be bathed or the skin wet and not dried. The foam is produced with soap and applied to the part of the body to be shaved. 2. The liquid lubricant is applied to the edge of the razor blade before shaving. 3. The liquid lubricant extends the useful life of the blade as it is directly actuated over the skin and not over the beard so that avoiding irritations, also reducing the friction between the razor blades and the skin. 4. The use of the liquid lubricant prevents skin from being dried. 5. The fact of extending the useful life of the blade reduces the cost of each shaving. The liquid lubricant is totally manufactured with dermatological products, without parabens and preservative liquids. The formulation of the invention is the following: Glycerine in a rag e of from about 38% to about 42%, propylene glycol in a range of from about 38% to about 42%, Aloe barbadensis in a range of from about 18% to about 22%. All ingredients are mixed in a container for manufacturing the liquid lubricant in the following order: glycerine, propylene glycol and aloe barbadensis, until obtaining the desired homogeneous mixture. Once the liquid lubricant is obtained, it is bottled in a spray bottle to be used by applying two or three sprays of the liquid into the edge of the razor blades before shaving.
The study was carried out in a surgical department, where colonoscopies were performed on an out-patient basis under minimal sedation. The intervention consisted of a simulation based course for endoscopy staff. All endoscopy nurses and doctors participated (n=43). The course consisted of three short lectures followed by simulation training. The lectures dealt with technical aspects of colonoscopy, usage of medication and management of unexpected emergency events during the procedure, and finally with interprofessional teamwork and team communication. The lectures were followed by in situ simulation in an endoscopy room. For 2 months before and after the course a questionnaire based survey was carried out. The respondents were consecutive patients who had undergone colonoscopy under minimal sedation or no sedation (according to their own preference ). The questionnaire was filled out when the patient was fully recovered after sedation and ready to go home. The relevant nursing staff and doctor for the procedure also filled out their part of the questionnaire. Patients were invited to participate and gave written consent after oral and written information according to the Helsinki declaration .
Ground-breaking discoveries have established 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) as a central sensor of metabolic stress in cells and tissues. AMPK is activated through cellular starvation, exercise and drugs by either directly or indirectly affecting the intracellular AMP (or ADP) to ATP ratio. In turn, AMPK regulates multiple processes of cell metabolism, such as the maintenance of cellular ATP levels, via the regulation of fatty acid oxidation, glucose uptake, glycolysis, autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis and degradation, and insulin sensitivity. Moreover, AMPK inhibits anabolic processes, such as lipogenesis and protein synthesis. These findings support the notion that AMPK is a crucial regulator of cell catabolism. However, studies have revealed that AMPK's role in cell homeostasis might not be as unidirectional as originally thought. This Review explores emerging evidence for AMPK as a promoter of cell survival and an enhancer of anabolic capacity in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue during catabolic crises. We discuss AMPK-activating interventions for tissue preservation during tissue wasting in cancer-associated cachexia and explore the clinical potential of AMPK activation in wasting conditions. Overall, we provide arguments that call for a shift in the current dogma of AMPK as a mere regulator of cell catabolism, concluding that AMPK has an unexpected role in tissue preservation.