anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: Pain following costal cartilage harvest surgery is the most common complaint of auricular reconstruction (AR). Anesthesiologists are continuously searching for an effective postoperative pain control method.
METHODS: This study was conducted from 10 April 2022 to 10 June 2022. Sixty children undergoing AR using costal cartilage were randomly assigned to either a serratus anterior plane block performed before costal cartilage harvest (SAPB-pre-cohort; n = 30) or the SAPB-post-cohort (Post-costal cartilage Harvest Cohort: n = 30). The primary endpoint measures were the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores of the chest and ear pain degrees recorded at 1-, 6-, 12-, 24-, and 48-h after surgery. Intraoperative anesthetic and analgesic dosages, sufentanil consumption and rescue analgesia consumption during the first 24 h post-operation, cough score during extubation, extubation agitation score, length of stay, the extubation time, first ambulatory time, analgesia duration, and opioid-related adverse effects and SAPB-related adverse effects were the secondary endpoints.
RESULTS: The rest and coughing NRS scores were significantly reduced in the SAPB-pre-cohort 6 and 12 h post-operation in comparison with the SAPB-post-cohort (rest 6 h p = 0.002, others p < 0.001). No significant difference in the NRS ear scores existed between the two cohorts (p > 0.05). The use of propofol and remifentanil for general anesthesia during the SAPB-pre-procedure was significantly reduced compared to the SAPB-post-group, with statistical significance (p < 0.001). Sufentanil consumption and rescue analgesia consumption were significantly reduced in the SAPB-pre-cohort (p = 0.001, p = 0.033). The extubation time and first ambulatory time were markedly shorter in the SAPB-pre-cohort (all p < 0.001). Analgesia duration was markedly longer in the SAPB-pre-cohort (p < 0.001). No significant differences were noted in the cough score during extubation, extubation agitation score, length of stay between the two cohorts (all p > 0.05). Opioid-related adverse effects occurred more in the SAPB-post-cohort, while there was no statistical significance (16.7 vs. 36.7%; p = 0.082). There were no blockade-related complications observed in either cohort.
CONCLUSION: The analgesic effect of the SAPB-pre-cohort was better than the SAPB-post-cohort suggesting both efficacy and feasibility of preemptive analgesia.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
The Green Wellness Program:Plants-2-Plate is an established program focusing on whole food plant-based predominant eating pattern in academic primary care setting.The dietary approach includes vegetables, fruits, legumes, whole grains, seeds, nuts in small portion, elimination of all or most of animal foods, and reduction of processed foods. Participants will eat ad libitum. In addition, they will receive support to manage stress, improve quality of sleep, and increase physical activity during the SMA.
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition containing first sebum-absorbing powder having a sebum uptake, second powder having a critical surface energy of 24(nbsp)mN/n or less and a liquid binder phase containing non-volatile oil is provided. It provides a make-up composition which can effectively absorb sebum and has excellent good cosmetic properties over time, in particular good rub resistance, transfer-free properties, homogeneity, maintenance of the initial color of the makeup, and the absence of sheen(resistance of matte effect). CONSTITUTION: The cosmetic composition includes: 1 to 98% by weight of first sebum-absorbing powder having a sebum uptake; second powder with a critical surface energy of 24(nbsp)mN/n or less; and a liquid binder phase containing first non-volatile oil. The sebum absorbing powder has a specific surface area of 300(nbsp)m¬2/g or more and is selected from silica, acryl polymer powder, polyamide powder and silicon elastomer powder. The second powder is coated with an organofluorine compound such as perfluoroalkyl phosphate or polyhexafluoropropylene oxide, or a silicon compound. The organofluorine compound or silicon compound is present in an amount of 0.01 to 40% by weight in the composition.
Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a devastating and unexpected disease in newborns that affects 1.5-2.6 per 1000 live births. Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy has a mortality rate of up to 30% and survivors are at significant risk for adverse long-term outcomes, including seizures, cerebral palsy, and developmental delay. The investigators propose a randomized controlled study comparing therapeutic hypothermia alone, or therapeutic hypothermia combined with topiramate. The investigators hypothesize that adjuvant therapy with topiramate will reduce short term severity of HIE including seizures (the primary outcome), a composite HIE severity score, and reduce the time of normalization of the amplitude integrated EEG (aEEG). The investigators further hypothesize, that it will improve longer term outcomes such as developmental outcome. The primary hypothesis is that seizures before hospital discharge (or before 4 weeks post-natal age (which ever is earlier)) will be significantly reduced in the topiramate group compared to the control group
Impairments in executive functioning (EF), cognitive processes that support self-regulation, disproportionately impact children living in poverty and increase vulnerability for childhood disruptive behavior, which trigger a cascade of mental health problems and psychosocial difficulties across the lifespan. Poverty-related stress and maladaptive parenting styles have been linked to alterations of neural and behavioral EF markers in children; despite this, no studies have studied if parenting prevention programs can directly target childhood EF, and through improving EF, reduce disruptive behaviors in at-risk children. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) funded K23 Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award project seeks to conduct a mechanistic randomized clinical trial to determine whether neural-behavioral indices of childhood EF is an experimental therapeutic target that can be modified via caregiver participation in the Chicago Parent Program. Consistent with the NIMH Research Domain Criteria framework, childhood EF will be assessed across brain and behavior measurement units. The second aim of the clinical trial seeks to evaluate whether increases in childhood neural-behavioral EF mediate the effects of CPP in reducing disruptive behavior problems over a short-term follow-up. A third exploratory aim of the project is to preliminarily test whether increases in specific parenting practices (discipline, scaffolding), previously linked to individual differences in EF, mediate the effects of CPP in predicting change in childhood neural-behavioral EF. The sample will include 90 Medicaid eligible parent-child (ages 4-5 years old) dyads and will employ a novel recruitment approach where the target child will have moderate-to-severe EF delays at baseline but does not meet diagnostic criteria for a disruptive behavior disorder.
The investigators will recruit a convenience sample of 36 participants from a single long-term care facility. Participants will be randomly assigned into control or intervention groups. Both groups will be assessed at study onset for swallowing and oral health and continue with agreed upon diet texture and fluid modifications. The intervention group (FFWP and improved oral hygiene) will receive a dental hygienist cleaning at onset of the study and have supervised tooth brushing before thin water between meals. The control group will continue with standard oral care and offered the full dental hygienist cleaning at the end of the study. If findings indicate no difference between groups on outcome measures (eg. respiratory illness, hydration, nutrition) then the intervention is considered efficacious in long-term care residents. If improvements in outcome measures are evident for the treatment relative to the control group, then this intervention may provide opportunity for improved healthcare and cost-savings.
Three patients will be treated at the first \& each subsequent dose level. Patients will be observed for 30 days post T cell infusion. If there was one DLT in the first 3 patients, an additional 3 patients will be treated at that level. If no additional DLTs are observed (for a total of 1 DLT in 6 patients) then the dose will be escalated. If two patients in the first 3 patients at a dose level experience a DLT, the dose will be de-escalated to the previous level \& an additional 3 patients will be enrolled at that level if 6 have not yet been treated at that level. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is defined as the highest dose at which 0 or 1 patient in six has experienced a DLT. If 2 or 3 patients in the first 3 patients experience a DLT at the first dose level, the study will terminate.
PURPOSE:To provide a rapid-acting capsule having excellently protected core substance and releasing the core substance rapidly in the digestive tracts, by adding a polymer soluble in gastric juice to the ethyl cellulose membrane of the ethyl cellulose microcapsule containing the core substance. CONSTITUTION:A polymer soluble in gastric juice is added to the ethyl cellulose membrane of the ethyl cellulose microcapsule enclosing a core substance. The core substance may be pharmaceutical compounds, foods, etc., and may be solid or gel. The ethyl cellulose forming the wall of the microcapsule is preferably the one having an ethoxy-content of about 47-55% and a viscosity of about 3-500cp. The amount of the ethyl cellulose is preferably about 0.05-5 times that of the core substance. The polymer soluble in gastric juice is a polysaccharide derivative or a vinyl polymer having basic nitrogen atom and soluble in water at <=5pH.
PURPOSE: Although several studies have investigated the prevalence of dyslipidemia in adults undergoing bariatric surgery, the experience is limited in adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the serum lipid profile and prevalence of dyslipidemia in Iranian adolescents with severe obesity undergoing bariatric surgery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 92 adolescents, aged < 20 years, with severe obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 99th percentile), who were candidates for bariatric surgery were enrolled during 2016-2018. The fasting serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured in this study. Dyslipidemia was defined as TC, LDL-C, and TG ≥ 95th percentile or HDL-C < 10th percentile for age and sex.
RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 17.32 ± 1.88 years (age range, 11-19 years). Overall, 60.9% of the participants were female. Based on the results, 68.48% of the adolescents had dyslipidemia. The most frequent lipid disorder was hypertriglyceridemia (48.9%), followed by low HDL-C (39.6%), hypercholesterolemia (18.5%), and high LDL-C (16.5%). The serum concentrations of lipid components were not significantly different according to sex and age.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of dyslipidemia was found to be high among Iranian adolescents with severe obesity. Hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C were the most common types of dyslipidemia in this population. Therefore, screening for dyslipidemia may be clinically useful in adolescents with severe obesity; timely diagnosis and treatment may prevent the occurrence of coronary events in the future.
Patients with clinical PD will take part in an 8-week patient-centered intervention program on a predominantly plant-based New Nordic LPF-Diet. Patients with clinical PD will be randomized to intervention or control group.
The progression of metastasis, a complex systemic disease, is facilitated by interactions between tumor cells and their isolated microenvironments. Over the past few decades, researchers have investigated the metastatic spread of cancer extensively, identifying multiple stages in the process, such as intravasation, extravasation, tumor latency, and the development of micrometastasis and macrometastasis. The premetastatic niche is established in target organs by the accumulation of aberrant immune cells and extracellular matrix proteins. The "seed and soil" idea, which has become widely known and accepted, is being used to this day to guide cancer studies. Changes in the local and systemic immune systems have a major impact on whether an infection spreads or not. The belief that the immune response may play a role in slowing tumor growth and may be beneficial against the metastatic disease underpins the responsiveness shown in the immunological landscape of metastasis. Various hypotheses on the phylogenesis of metastases have been proposed in the past. The primary tumor's secreting factors shape the intratumoral microenvironment and the immune landscape, allowing this progress to be made. Therefore, it is evident that among disseminated tumor cells, there are distinct phenotypes that either carry budding for metastasis or have the ability to obtain this potential or in systemic priming through contact with substantial metastatic niches that have implications for medicinal chemistry. Concurrent immunity signals that the main tumor induces an immune response that may not be strong enough to eradicate the tumor. Immunotherapy's success with some cancer patients shows that it is possible to effectively destroy even advanced-stage tumors by modifying the microenvironment and tumor-immune cell interactions. This review focuses on the metastasome in colorectal carcinoma and the therapeutic implications of site-specific metastasis, systemic priming, tumor spread, and the relationship between the immune system and metastasis.
Low grade gliomas are the most common central nervous system (CNS) tumors in the pediatric population. They consist of a heterogeneous group of tumors that are classified as World Health Organization (WHO) grade I or II. This includes astrocytic, oligodendroglial, neuronal and mixed glial- neuronal tumors. The clinical behavior of these tumors varies according to location and histology. The cerebellum is the most common location for low grade gliomas, but they can also arise in the cerebrum, deep midline structures such as the hypothalamus, optic pathway and, less frequently, in the brainstem.

Although the etiology of most childhood LGG is unknown, patients with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) are one rare group predisposed to developing CNS tumors. NF-1 is an inherited disorder that affects the nervous system, eyes and skin. In addition, children are at an increased risk for developing optic pathway and hypothalamic low grade gliomas. Fifteen to-20% of NF-1 patients will develop these tumors, and they account for up to 70% of the tumors seen in this location. In half of patients with NF-1 and an optic pathway tumor, the patients are not symptomatic and the mass is found incidentally. Many optic gliomas in NF-1 patients follow an indolent course and stabilize without intervention. Patients are most commonly treated when there is deterioration in their vision or a symptomatic increase in the tumor size. Although the event free survival (EFS) has been reported to be similar between NF1 and non-NF1 patients, overall survival is higher in NF1 patients.

Location, as it affects the extent of surgical resection, plays a key role in the prognosis of all patients with low grade gliomas. Complete surgical resection offers a 90% survival rate at 10 years with often no need for adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation. Unfortunately, a gross total resection is not always possible due to the location of the tumor and its proximity to vital structures in the brain. In patients with an incomplete resection, the 10 year EFS is up to 74% with radiation treatment. However, toxicity from radiation, especially in young children, is significant and includes neurocognitive delays, endocrinopathies, secondary malignancy, ototoxicity and vasculopathy. Therefore, most experts agree that the standard of care in young children is to treat low grade gliomas that require adjuvant therapy after surgical resection/biopsy, or whose tumors are not surgically resectable with chemotherapy first, in order to delay or avoid radiation. This is especially true in children with NF-1, where the risk of a secondary malignancy after radiation therapy can be as high as 50% in the lifetime of the child.
Obesity has become a worldwide problem with a growing incidence, posing a risk to health, especially for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, certain types of cancer, depres-sive syndrome, and others. The methods of obesity treatment are still expanding, in addition to diet and exercise measures, pharmacological, endoscopic and surgical treatment is possible. One of the commonly performed bariatric surgical procedures is the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, which combines restrictive and malabsorptive effects. As part of the development of new methods, the banded gastric bypass using the Fobi ring has been introduced. Its advantage is greater efficiency in reducing and maintaining -weight. One of the described complications is the migration of the Fobi ring, which can be addressed endoscopically today.
This is a randomized (study medication assigned to participants by chance), double-blind (neither physician nor participant knows assigned study treatment), placebo-controlled (participants are randomly assigned to a test treatment or to an identical-appearing treatment that does not contain the test drug), and multicenter (when more than one hospital or medical school team works on a medical research study), study of esketamine in participants with major depressive disorder (MDD) in participants who will be assessed to be at imminent risk for suicide, as measured by the change from Baseline on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score at 4 hours postdose on Day 1. The duration of study will be approximately 81 days per participant. The study consists of 3 parts: Screening (that is, with in 1 day before study commences on Day 1) and double-blind Treatment (from Day 1-25) and Follow-up (from Day 26 up to Day 81). All the eligible participants will be provided standard care treatment and will be randomly assigned to either esketmaine or placebo treatment. Esketamine/placebo will be administered by intranasal route (delivery of medications through the nasal mucosa) two times per week for 4 weeks. Efficacy of the participants will be primarily evaluated through MADRS. Participants' safety will be monitored throughout the study.
Capsid assembly mediated by hepatitis B virus (HBV) core protein (HBc) is an essential part of the HBV replication cycle, which is the target for different classes of capsid assembly modulators (CAMs). While both CAM-A ("aberrant") and CAM-E ("empty") disrupt nucleocapsid assembly and reduce extracellular HBV DNA, CAM-As can also reduce extracellular HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) by triggering apoptosis of HBV-infected cells in preclinical mouse models. However, there have not been substantial HBsAg declines in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients treated with CAM-As to date. To investigate this disconnect, we characterized the antiviral activity of tool CAM compounds in HBV-infected primary human hepatocytes (PHHs), as well as in HBV-infected human liver chimeric mice and mice transduced with adeno-associated virus-HBV. Mechanistic studies in HBV-infected PHH revealed that CAM-A, but not CAM-E, induced a dose-dependent aggregation of HBc in the nucleus which is negatively regulated by the ubiquitin-binding protein p62. We confirmed that CAM-A, but not CAM-E, induced HBc-positive cell death in both mouse models via induction of apoptotic and inflammatory pathways and demonstrated that the degree of HBV-positive cell loss was positively correlated with intrahepatic HBc levels. Importantly, we determined that there is a significantly lower level of HBc per hepatocyte in CHB patient liver biopsies than in either of the HBV mouse models. Taken together, these data confirm that CAM-As have a unique secondary mechanism with the potential to kill HBc-positive hepatocytes. However, this secondary mechanism appears to require higher intrahepatic HBc levels than is typically observed in CHB patients, thereby limiting the therapeutic potential.
Substituted b -aminoethyl benzene compounds of formula <FORM:0796731/IV (b)/1> in which R1 and R2, if not joined, are different and represent a hydroxy radical or an alkoxy radical containing 1-5 carbon atoms, or R1 and R2, if joined together, represent a methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy radical, and in which R3 represents hydrogen or a methyl radical and R4 a methyl radical, are prepared by methylation of the corresponding primary amines, for example by reaction with formic acid followed by reduction with lithium aluminium hydride. Compounds specified include N-methyl-3,4-methylene dioxy-b -aminoethyl benzene, N,N - dimethyl - 3,4 - methylene dioxy - b  - aminoethyl benzene and N-methyl-3,4-ethylene-dioxy-b -aminoethyl benzene.  These compounds and their acid addition salts may be used in pharmaceutical compositions.ALSO:An antitussive composition comprises a compound of formula <FORM:0796731/VI/1> in which R1 and R2, if not joined, are different and represent a hydroxy radical or an alkoxy radical containing from 1-5 carbon atoms, or R1 and R2 if joined together represent a methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy radical, and R3-R4 each represents hydrogen or a methyl radical, or an acid salt of such compound, and (a) an orally administrable solid pharmaceutical carrier, or (b) an orally administrable liquid pharmaceutical carrier including a sweetening or flavouring agent, an expectorant or glycerine.  The preferred compounds are those of the N-methyl series, such as N-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxy-b -aminoethyl benzene, N - methyl - 3,4 - ethylene-dioxy-b -aminoethyl benzene, and N-methyl-3-hydroxy - 4 - methoxy - b  - aminoethyl benzene.  Other specified compounds include N,N-dimethyl - 3,4 - methylenedioxy - b  - aminoethyl benzene and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-b -aminoethyl benzene.  The solid compositions may be prepared in tablet, capsule or powder form using adjuvants and carriers such as lactose, starch and magnesium stearate.  In an example a tablet composition comprising N-methyl-3,4-methylene-dioxy-b -aminoethyl benzene hydrochloride, starch, magnesium stearate and granules made of a lactose-starch-sucrose mixture is described.
The Ruikelan can be used for treating cancer and hypercortisolism. Many drugs used in the treatment of cancer and hypercortisolism are metabolized by the CYP2C8 enzyme. The effect of concurrent administration of rilacalan and CYP2C8 substrates is disclosed herein. Rilacalan potently inhibits CYP2C8 in an in vitro assay, indicating that co-administration of rilacalan and a CYP2C8 substrate would be expected to increase CYP2C8 substrate plasma exposure by more than five fold in vivo. Significant reductions in CYP2C8 substrate dosage are expected to be required when relacolone is administered. Unexpectedly, this increase in plasma exposure was not observed in human studies. Applicants disclose that rilacalan can be safely co-administered with unadjusted doses of CYP2C8 substrates, such as pioglitazone (pioglitazone), rosiglitazone (rosiglitazone), enzalutamide (enzalutamide). Rake and unadjusted doses of enzalutamide may be co-administered to treat cancer, such as prostate cancer. The revaprelane and unadjusted dose of pioglitazone or rosiglitazone may be co-administered to treat cancer or hypercortisolism.
The participants in this arm received these 2 drugs for the 8-week, single-blind, run-in Period 1. Participants could then randomized to this same combination for an additional 8 weeks in the double-blind, Period 2.