anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention relates to medicine, pharmocology and to the chemical and pharmaceutical industry. The aim of the invention is to develop a new medicinal preparation having high activity and having a large range of the above mentioned non-specific pharmacological action, and a production method for all presently known dosage forms. The novelty of the invention lies in a biologically active part of the preparation which contains a mixture of acridoneacetic acid or the derivatives thereof with monosubstituted ethers of monosaccharides, the biologically active part being heat treated together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier at temperatures ranging from 80 °C to 120 °C. The medicinal preparation containing ANANDIN exhibits higher efficiency. ANANDIN is embodied in the form of a mixture of N- acridoneacetic acid (glucoaminopropylcarbacridone) and 3-0 (N,N-dimethylamino-n-propyl)-1.2:5.6- di-O-isopropylidene-α, D-glucofuranose (dimethylaminopropylglucofuranose). The inventive medicinal preparation is embodied in the form of all known dosage forms. Six series of examples for producing the preparation and the dosage forms thereof, detailed information on the experimental estimate of all biological activities enumerated in the title provided with 7 tables of comparative measuring are also disclosed. The results demonstrate that a new, easily produced, stable, medicinal preparation usable for all dosage forms is created. The biological activity of said preparation exceeds the biological activity of analogous preparations, and the range of pharmacological action thereof is non-specific and unusually large.
The development of a potentially life threatening serotonin syndrome or Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)-like reactions have been reported with SNRIs and SSRIs alone, including escitalopram treatment, but particularly with concomitant use of serotonergic drugs (including triptans) with drugs which impair metabolism of serotonin (including MAOIs) or with antipsychotics or other dopamine antagonists. Serotonin syndrome symptoms may include mental status changes (e.g., agitation, hallucinations, coma), autonomic instability (e.g., tachycardia, labile blood pressure, hyperthermia), neuromuscular aberrations (e.g., hyperreflexia, incoordination) and/or gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea). Serotonin syndrome, in its most severe form can resemble neuroleptic malignant syndrome, which includes hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, autonomic instability with possible rapid fluctuation of vital signs and mental status changes. Patients should be monitored for the emergence of serotonin syndrome or NMS-like signs and symptoms.

The concomitant use of escitalopram with MAOIs intended to treat depression is contraindicated. If concomitant treatment of escitalopram with a 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor agonist (triptan) is clinically warranted, careful observation of the patient is advised, particularly during treatment initiation and dose increases.

The concomitant use of escitalopram with serotonin precursors (such as tryptophan) is not recommended. Treatment with escitalopram and any concomitant serotonergic or antidopaminergic agents, including antipsychotics, should be discontinued immediately if the above events occur and supportive symptomatic treatment should be initiated.
Sarcopenia is a systemic medical disorder characterized by a gradual decline in muscular strength, function, and skeletal muscle mass. Currently, there is no medication specifically approved for the treatment of this condition. Therefore, the identification of new pharmacological targets may offer opportunities for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. The current in silico study investigated the active ingredients and the mode of action of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP) in addressing sarcopenia. The active ingredients of CRP and the potential targets of CRP and sarcopenia were determined using various databases. The STRING platform was utilized to construct a protein-protein interaction network, and the key intersecting targets were enriched through the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses. Molecular docking was used to determine the binding interactions of the active ingredients with the hub targets. The binding affinities obtained from molecular docking were subsequently validated through molecular dynamics simulation analyses. Five active ingredients and 45 key intersecting targets between CRP and sarcopenia were identified. AKT1, IL6, TP53, MMP9, ESR1, NFKB1, MTOR, IGF1R, ALB, and NFE2L2 were identified as the hub targets with the highest degree node in the protein-protein interaction network. The results indicated that the targets were mainly enriched in PIK3-AKT, HIF-1, and longevity-regulating pathways. The active ingredients showed a greater interaction affinity with the hub targets, as indicated by the results of molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Our findings suggest that the active ingredients of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, particularly Sitosterol and Hesperetin, have the potential to improve sarcopenia by interacting with AKT1 and MTOR proteins through the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.
Naloxone hydrochloride prevents or reverses the effects of opioids, including respiratory depression, sedation, and hypotension. Also, it can reverse the psychotomimetic and dysphoric effects of agonist-antagonist such as pentazocine.  
Naloxone hydrochloride is an essentially pure narcotic antagonist, i.e., it does not possess the "agonistic" or morphine-like properties characteristic of other narcotic antagonists; naloxone does not produce respiratory depression, psychotomimetic effects or pupillary constriction. In the absence of narcotics or agonistic effects of other narcotic antagonists it exhibits essentially no pharmacologic activity.  
Naloxone has not been shown to produce tolerance nor to cause physical or psychological dependence. In the presence of physical dependence on narcotics naloxone will produce withdrawal symptoms.

Mechanisms of Action   
While the mechanism of action of naloxone is not fully understood, the preponderance of evidence suggests that naloxone antagonizes the opioid effects by competing for the same receptor sites.  
When naloxone hydrochloride is administered intravenously the onset of action is generally apparent within two minutes; the onset of action is only slightly less rapid when it is administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly. The duration of action is dependent upon the dose and route of administration of naloxone hydrochloride. Intramuscular administration produces a more prolonged effect than intravenous administration. The requirement for repeat doses of naloxone, however, will also be dependent upon the amount, type and route of administration of the narcotic being antagonized.  
Following parenteral administration naloxone hydrochloride is rapidly distributed in the body. It is metabolized in the liver, primarily by glucuronide conjugation, and excreted in urine. In one study the serum half-life in adults ranged from 30 to 81 minutes (mean 64 ± 12 minutes). In a neonatal study the mean plasma half-life was observed to be 3.1 ± 0.5 hours.
### Premature Closure of Fetal Ductus Arteriosus

Avoid use of NSAIDs, including CATAFLAM, in pregnant women at about 30 weeks gestation and later. NSAIDs including diclofenac potassium tablets, increase the risk of premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus at approximately this gestational age.

### Oligohydramnios/Neonatal Renal Impairment

Use of NSAIDs, including CATAFLAM, at about 20 weeks gestation or later in pregnancy may cause fetal renal dysfunction leading to oligohydramnios and, in some cases, neonatal renal impairment. These adverse outcomes are seen, on average, after days to weeks of treatment, although oligohydramnios has been infrequently reported as soon as 48 hours after NSAID initiation. Oligohydramnios is often, but not always, reversible with treatment discontinuation. Complications of prolonged oligohydramnios may, for example, include limb contractures and delayed lung maturation. In some post marketing cases of impaired neonatal renal function, invasive procedures such as exchange transfusion or dialysis were required.

If NSAID treatment is necessary between about 20 weeks and 30 weeks gestation, limit CATAFLAM use to the lowest effective dose and shortest duration possible. Consider ultrasound monitoring of amniotic fluid if CATAFLAM treatment extends beyond 48 hours. Discontinue CATAFLAM if oligohydramnios occurs and follow up according to clinical practice (see PRECAUTIONS: Pregnancy).
Patients with diabetes are at risk for developing serious health problems that may affect the feet, eyes, kidneys, skin and heart. Foot ulcerations are of great significance to the lives of millions of diabetic patients, representing one of the most common and serious complications in these patients. Up to 25% of diabetics will develop a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) at some point in their lifetime. The prevalence of DFUs among diabetics is 4% to 10%. More than half of all foot ulcers will become infected requiring hospitalization and 1 in 5 will require amputation. Foot ulcers account for 85,000 non-trauma related lower limb amputations annually in the USA. Every 20 seconds, somewhere in the world, a limb is lost as a consequence of diabetes. Moreover, 85% of leg amputations are preceded by DFUs and more than 60% of non-traumatic lower extremity amputations (LEA) performed in the United States each year occurs secondary to complications of diabetes mellitus. After a major amputation, 50% of patients will have another limb amputated within two years. Mortality rates subsequent to amputation are alarmingly high - up to 40% at 1 year and 80% at 5 years. Patients with a history of a DFU have a 40% greater mortality rate compared to patients with diabetes alone. Improved treatments for DFUs are clearly a matter of great significance.

In this study, the investigation will be focused on the safety and efficacy of ABSOLVE in treating diabetic foot ulcers.
Background and Objectives: Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is a minimally invasive technique for nephrolithiasis. RIRS is performed via a monitor screen displaying a magnified surgical site. Respiration can affect the stability of the surgical view during RIRS because the kidneys are close to the diaphragm. The purpose of this trial is to compare the effect of anesthesia type on the stability of the surgical view during RIRS between spinal anesthesia and general anesthesia. Materials and Methods: Patients were allocated to the general anesthesia group or spinal anesthesia group. During surgery, movement of the surgical field displayed on the monitor screen was graded by the first assistant on a 10-grade numeric rating scale (0-10). Next, it was also graded by the main surgeon. After surgery, we evaluated the discomfort with the anesthesia method for all patients. Results: Thirty-four patients were allocated to the general anesthesia group and 32 patients to the spinal anesthesia group. The average values of the two surgeons for surgical field oscillation grade showed vision on the monitor screen was more stable in the general anesthesia group than the spinal anesthesia group (3.3 ± 1.6 vs. 5.0 ± 1.6, p < 0.001). The degrees of the inconvenience of the surgery did not differ between the groups (0.7 ± 1.8 vs. 1.6 ± 2.6, p = 0.114), even though more patients reported inconvenience with a grade of 3 or more in the spinal anesthesia group (8.8% vs. 28.1%, p = 0.042). Conclusions: In terms of the visualization of the surgical site, general anesthesia might provide a more stable surgical view during RIRS compared to spinal anesthesia without increasing inconvenience induced by the type of anesthesia.
Wait-listed group, will await intervention for 6-8 months. After follow-up measurements, this group will receive the intervention.
The invention provides novel αECX cleavage fragments of fibrinogen and methods for detecting and purifying these fragments. The method of the invention also includes a diagnostic method for determining fibrinolytic states or atherogenesis in a mammal. Methods of treating disease characterized by fibrinogen metabolism are also disclosed. In addition, the invention also provides monospecific antibodies which are specifically reactive with αEC domain of fibrinogen. Also provided, are DNA and RNA molecules that encode αECX cleavage fragments of fibrinogen. In addition, the present invention includes a vector and a host cell capable of expressing αECX cleavage fragments of fibrinogen.
Subjects will receive 250 or 500 µg of Larazotide Acetate orally four times a day (QID) for 21 days. Subjects \<25.0 kg will receive 250 µg dose of Larazotide Acetate (AT1001), and subjects ≥25.0 kg will receive 500 µg dose of Larazotide Acetate (AT1001).
These mouthwashes were formulated with the following common ingredients: WATER (AQUA), POLYSORBATE 80, HYDROXYPROPYL GUAR,,SODIUM BENZOATE, POTASSIUM SORBATE. Finally, 225 ppm NaF (SODIUM FLUORIDE) WAS INCORPORATED.
Impulsivity, considered as the tendency to express spontaneous, excessive and/or unplanned behavior, is recognized as a major factor involved in suicidal behavior and self-harm behaviors. It consists in one of the diagnostic criteria of Borderline Personality Disorder, allowing as well assessment of its clinical severity. There is so far no specific treatment concerning impulsivity. From a neurobiological perspective, the prefrontal cortex is considered as a critical region in the cognitive control of behaviors. Previous studies have associated an hypoactivation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and the dorsal part of the anterior cingulate cortex to Borderline Personality Disorder.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a technique of noninvasive brain stimulation which delivers a subthreshold electrical current to the scalp, manipulating the resting membrane potential. It has shown cognitive function improvement, both in healthy individuals and psychiatric populations. Modulation of the dlPFC could therefore represent a mean of reducing impulsivity in those patients.

With a prospective, sham-controlled, crossover, double-blind design, this study aims to evaluate the impact of bilateral tDCS over the dlPFC on the impulsive dimension of adults suffering from Borderline Personality Disorder. Subjects will be submitted to 10 tDCS stimulation sessions (active or sham) for five consecutive days (2 sessions of 30 minutes/day). Current intensity will be of 2 mA, through 25 cm² surface electrodes, placed over the dlPFC (anode position over F4 and cathode over F3, according to the EEG 10-20 international system). Subjects who undergo active stimulation sessions will be then submitted to sham sessions and vice-versa. Baseline measures will be compared to those obtained immediately after the end of sessions (5 days: short-term effects), and to 12 and 30 days later (long-term effects). Active and sham stimulation sessions outcomes will as well be compared.
All participants will receive 40 sessions of treatment (45-minute) for 8 consecutive weeks (5 days/week). The robotic exercises will be carried in passive modality (15 minutes), passive/plus (15 minutes), assisted modality (15 minutes).
Current clinical practice relies on shared decision-making between clinicians and surrogates to make treatment decisions for patients who cannot decide on their own. This decision-making process is meant to promote medical care that accords with the patient s own preferences and values. However, empirical data suggest that this model faces two significant challenges. First, both surrogates and clinicians have trouble predicting which treatment course patients would have chosen. Second, given the nature of the decisions, surrogates often experience significant emotional distress as a result of making treatment decisions. To address these concerns it has been suggested that the shared decision-making process might be supplemented with a Patient Preference Predictor (PPP). A PPP would provide a prediction of which treatment a given patient would want based on the treatment preferences of similar patients in similar circumstances. The present study proposes to interview surrogates who have been involved in making decisions for an incapacitated patient to explore their perspectives on the PPP and how to incorporate it into medical decision-making for incapacitated patients..
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of delayed deterioration of electroencephalogram (EEG) in patients with cardiac arrest (CA) without early highly malignant patterns and to determine their associations with clinical findings.
METHODS: This was a retrospective study of adult patients with CA admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of a university hospital. We included all patients with CA who had a normal voltage EEG, no more than 10% discontinuity, and absence of sporadic epileptic discharges, periodic discharges, or electrographic seizures. Delayed deterioration was classified as the following: (1) epileptic deterioration, defined as the appearance, at least 24 h after CA, of sporadic epileptic discharges, periodic discharges, and status epilepticus; or (2) background deterioration, defined as increasing discontinuity or progressive attenuation of the background at least 24 h after CA. The end points were the incidence of EEG deteriorations and their association with clinical features and ICU mortality.
RESULTS: We enrolled 188 patients in the analysis. The ICU mortality was 46%. Overall, 30 (16%) patients presented with epileptic deterioration and 9 (5%) patients presented with background deterioration; of those, two patients presented both deteriorations. Patients with epileptic deterioration more frequently had an out-of-hospital CA, and higher time to return of spontaneous circulation and less frequently had bystander resuscitation than others. Patients with background deterioration showed a predominantly noncardiac cause, more frequently developed shock, and had multiple organ failure compared with others. Patients with epileptic deterioration presented with a higher ICU mortality (77% vs. 41%; p < 0.01) than others, whereas all patients with background deterioration died in the ICU.
CONCLUSIONS: Delayed EEG deterioration was associated with high mortality rate. Epileptic deterioration was associated with worse characteristics of CA, whereas background deterioration was associated with shock and multiple organ failure.
Process includes rinsing hair after washing, etc. with water (esp. warm water) from a pressure source. Rinsing water flows to a water-release point such as a shower head. Water flow is strongly accelerated before it reaches the head, and CO2 is independently used directly on the rapidly flowing water, in a process where the CO2 pressure and the water pressure can be independently controlled, in two preliminary chambers, automatically and independently of the speed and pressure in the flowing water. Water produced contains H2CO3 giving a pH of the water of 5-7. Process for treating the skin by partial full or shower bath using CO2-enriched water produced as before, using conditions which give a CO2-gas flow of 350-1500 mg/l at the shower head, is also described. USE/ADVANTAGE - Process removes dirt etc. from the hair without damaging hair. The CO2-impregnated water has the healing properties of natural sparkling spring water
Photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) is a non-invasive, adjunctive medical treatment that has promising effects on various dental and oral conditions, including controlling inflammation, promoting wound healing, and relieving pain. While animal studies have explored PBM therapy in orthodontics for accelerating tooth movement, preventing root resorption, alleviating pain, and controlling periodontal inflammation, clinical studies with high-quality evidence remain limited. Therefore, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted to investigate the effects of a portable PBM device on the dental and periodontal health of patients undergoing fixed-appliance orthodontic treatment. This two-arm RCT will be conducted with a triple-blinded and parallel study design in a 1:1 ratio. Fifty orthodontic patients will be recruited at the Prince Philip Dental Hospital following the eligibility criteria from Jan. 2024 to Jan. 2026 (24 months) and evenly distributed to the two arms. Randomization and allocation will be conducted by a statistician who will not participate in the intervention and outcome assessment process using computer software. Participants in the PBM group will be required to wear a PBM device, while those in the control group will receive a sham device with an identical appearance to the PBM device but without light irradiation. All participants must wear their assigned device daily for 8 minutes (4 minutes for the upper and lower dental arches each) after brushing their teeth during the process of fixed-appliance orthodontic treatment. The allocation sequences will be concealed in a batch of opaque envelopes. Patients and the outcome assessor will be blinded to the allocation sequence. This protocol is proposed in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the ICH-Good Clinical Practice (GCP) Guideline. The study will be conducted and reported according to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guideline. Written consent will be obtained from all subjects.
Chemoradiotherapy has been considered as one of the standard treatment options for clinical T1bN0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with organ preservation. However, 20% of patients develop locoregional recurrence after chemoradiotherapy, which requires salvage treatment including salvage surgery and endoscopic resection. Salvage surgery can cause complications and treatment-related death. Interestingly, chemoradiotherapy with elective nodal irradiation has been reported to reduce the locoregional recurrence of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Hence, we are conducting a clinical trial to confirm whether modified chemoradiotherapy with elective nodal irradiation was superiority to that without elective nodal irradiation for the patients with cT1bN0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The primary endpoint is major progression-free survival, defined as the time from randomization to the date of death or disease progression, excluding successful curative resection through salvage endoscopic resection. We plan to enroll 280 patients from 54 institutions over 4 years. This trial has been registered in the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCTs031200067).
This confirmatory, nonrandomized, single-arm trial (phase II) will be conducted to evaluate short-and long-term outcomes of robot-assisted thoraco- laparoscopic minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Patients will registered preoperatively. The planned sample size was 51. Preoperative endoscopic biopsy was performed in all patients to confirm the histological diagnosis of esophageal cancer. Staging workup included thorough history and physical examination, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography, and integrated positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan. Patients with histologically proven malignancy were candidates for surgical procedures. Operability criteria were defined according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines. All patients were within the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I to III. In general, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was offered to patients with T2-3 or N1-2 disease. The primary endpoint in the first stage is the short-term postoperative complications, and that in the second stage is overall survival; patients continue to be followed up for this endpoint.