anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The health, economic, and social burden of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in Africa remains substantial, with elimination efforts hindered by persistent sociopolitical instability, including ongoing conflicts among political and ethnic groups that lead to internal displacement and migration. Here, we explore how innovative technologies can support Africa in addressing NTDs amidst such instability, through analysis of WHO and UNHCR data and a systematic literature review. Countries in Africa facing sociopolitical instability also bear a high burden of NTDs, with the continent ranking second globally in NTD burden (33%, 578 million people) and first in internal displacement (50%, 31.6 million people) in 2023. Studies have investigated technologies for their potential in NTD prevention, surveillance, diagnosis, treatment and management. Integrating the evidence, we discuss nine promising technologies-artificial intelligence, drones, mobile clinics, nanotechnology, telemedicine, augmented reality, advanced point-of-care diagnostics, mobile health Apps, and wearable sensors-that could enhance Africa's response to NTDs in the face of persistent sociopolitical instability. As stability returns, these technologies will evolve to support more comprehensive and sustainable health development. The global health community should facilitate deployment of health technologies to those in greatest need to help achieve the NTD 2030 Roadmap and other global health targets.
Unhealthy diets have many social determinants; however, there is a markedly lower availability of components of the DASH diet-recommended foods (such as fresh fruits and vegetables, skim milk and whole grain foods) in predominantly African-American and lower-income neighborhoods compared with Caucasian and higher-income neighborhoods. Unhealthy dietary consumption patterns contribute, in part, to hypertension through deficiencies in potassium, magnesium and vitamin C - all micronutrients with independent blood pressure-lowering effects. Furthermore, use of thiazide-based antihypertensive therapy often worsens deficiencies through increased urinary excretion. Strategies that take into account the multi-level nature of the problem of poor nutrition among low income African Americans are needed to improve adherence to dietary recommendations and reverse micronutrient deficiencies in hypertensive adults. The Five Plus Nuts \& Beans Study is a randomized, controlled trial to compare two strategies for translating the results of the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) Study into practice for 120 African American participants who are on stable doses of antihypertensive medications. The first arm of our study offers minimal DASH-oriented dietary advice along with a food credit at a local supermarket where they make their own decision of what to eat. The second arm consists of a single one-hour session with a nutrition expert who provides choices and places an on-line order from a community grocery store (Santoni's Market) with targeted purchases of fruits, vegetables, nuts and beans. Following the initial contact, there is a weekly call with the coordinator for a $30 per week food delivery. Food orders are delivered for pick-up weekly by participants at a Baltimore Public Library in participant's neighborhood. Our primary outcome is change in blood pressure at 8 weeks. Secondary outcomes are effects on glucose, uric acid, urine potassium excretion, and self-report consumption of fruits and vegetables during the same period. After completion of the active phase of the trial, we will follow blood pressures in the electronic medical record for one year to assess long-term effects.
Between 40% to 60% of individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) are obese. Obesity and physical inactivity result in increased rates of chronic diseases, increased risk of death, and substantial health care costs. Treatment guidelines recommend that individuals with SMI who are overweight should be offered evidence-based weight loss interventions, including psychosocial interventions. The VA's weight management program, MOVE!, is attended by less than 5% of the overweight population and is not adapted to the cognitive needs and patient preferences for the population with SMI. Effective adapted weight management programs are not offered in VA because the programs are time-intensive and require the skills of trained providers who are often in short-supply. CoachToFit can address this gap in care. CoachToFit is a weight management program, adapted for the population with SMI, that includes a smartphone app delivering evidence-based weight management services with weekly telephonic support from a VA peer specialist who acts as a wellness coach. Peer specialists are individuals who draw upon lived experiences with SMI to provide services to others with SMI in clinical settings. CoachToFit was shown to have high rates of acceptability and usability and was efficacious for weight loss in a small sample. VA has an opportunity to address obesity in the population with serious mental illness, currently a substantial gap in care.

Significance/Impact: This project addresses obesity in the population with SMI by evaluating a weight management program that is not only evidence-based, it is sustainable, transportable, appealing to patients, easy to use, and minimally burdensome to the healthcare system. This effort addresses two HSR\&D priority areas: 1) Mental Health: Testing new models of care to improve access, cost, and/or outcomes, and 2) Health Care Informatics: Building the evidence base for ehealth/mhealth tools.

Innovation: CoachToFit's use of mobile technology is an important innovation in VA service delivery and its user-centered design involving individuals with SMI was the first of its kind. CoachToFit is enhanced by data visualization in real-time via a web-based dashboard used by VA peer specialists and their supervisor. The investigators are aware of no other evidence-based mobile platforms to help people with SMI reduce their weight.
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition containing Carpesii Fructus, Siegesbeckiae Herba, and Ecliptae Herba extract is provided to reduce side effect and to ensure antioxidation and anti-wrinkling. CONSTITUTION: A cosmetic composition for skin whitening, anti-aging, and antioxidation contains ethanol extract of Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum. The ethanol extract is prepared by dipping Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum flower in 70-90% ethanol, extracting at room temperature for 12-36 hours, filtering to remove solid materials, and removing ethanol and moisture. The composition additionally contains Carpesium abrotanoides L. and Siegesbeckia glabrescens extract.
BACKGROUND: Chemo-radiotherapy with curative intent for anal cancer has high complete remission rates, but acute treatment-related gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity is significant. Toxicity occurs due to irradiation of surrounding normal tissue. Current radiotherapy requires the addition of large planning margins to the radiation field to ensure target coverage regardless of the considerable organ motion in the pelvic region. This increases the irradiated volume and radiation dose to the surrounding normal tissue and thereby toxicity. Online adaptive radiotherapy uses artificial intelligence to adjust the treatment to the anatomy of the day. This allows for the reduction of planning margins, minimizing the irradiated volume and thereby radiation to the surrounding normal tissue.This study examines if cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-guided oART with daily automated treatment re-planning can reduce acute gastrointestinal toxicity in patients with anal cancer.
METHODS/DESIGN: The study is a prospective, single-arm, phase II trial conducted at Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Denmark. 205 patients with local only or locally advanced anal cancer, referred for radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy with curative intent, are planned for inclusion. Toxicity and quality of life are reported with Common Terminology Criteria of Adverse Events and patient-reported outcome questionnaires, before, during, and after treatment. The primary endpoint is a reduction in the incidence of acute treatment-related grade ≥ 2 diarrhea from 36 to 25% after daily online adaptive radiotherapy compared to standard radiotherapy. Secondary endpoints include all acute and late toxicity, overall survival, and reduction in treatment interruptions.
RESULTS: Accrual began in January 2022 and is expected to finish in January 2026. Primary endpoint results are expected to be available in April 2026.
DISCUSSION: This is the first study utilizing online adaptive radiotherapy to treat anal cancer. We hope to determine whether there is a clinical benefit for the patients, with significant reductions in acute GI toxicity without compromising treatment efficacy.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05438836. Danish Ethical Committee: H-21028093.
Going through current literature, it is evident that sacroiliac joint dysfunction as a postural dysfunction is highly prevalent among adult population. This dysfunction due to major muscle imbalances if not treated timely can result in serious consequences later in life where it becomes the permanent dysfunction involving the major changes in the joint itself. Muscle imbalance due to postural dysfunction involves mainly gluteus medius and hamstring; however the role of quadratus lumborum working on compensatory mechanism and its treatment effect in the management of sacroiliac joint dysfunction is yet not discovered. All patients will be assessed and screened by consultants as indicated and will refer to physiotherapy with diagnosed non- specific chronic back pain.Patients will further be screened for SIJ dysfunction by physiotherapist.Only those patients who fulfill the criteria of Quadratus lumborum tightness \& Gulteus medius weakness will randomly be selected and the sample of 70 will finally be selected for intervention.Written consent form will be taken from all study participants.Simple randomization technique will be used through "Randomization Main" software and randomization sheet will be generated. Patients will be further be assigned equally into two groups as per randomization sheet.Treatment will be performed three sessions per week for 4 weeks with postural advice and home exercise program with daily record of home diary. The selected outcome measures will be taken on initial visit (pre intervention), session 6 and final session 12 (post intervention).
The physical therapy program consisted of a physical therapist-led incremental exercise program containing of coordination/balance, closed kinetic chain strengths and cardiovascular exercises (see Appendix 1). The program was designed for 8 weeks with a total of 16 treatment sessions, each with a duration of 30 minutes. All 16 sessions were reimbursed. If knee symptoms persisted following the physical therapy program (e.g., knee pain, limitations in daily activities or mechanical dysfunction ), the patient could attend additional physical therapy sessions (not reimbursed by the study) or have meniscal surgery, depending on a shared decision after consultation with their orthopaedic surgeon.
Metal exposure is associated with vascular endothelial inflammation, an early pathological phenotype of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. However, the underlying mechanism linking exposure, metabolic changes, and outcomes remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the metabolic changes underlying the associations of chronic exposure to metal mixtures with vascular endothelial inflammation. We recruited 960 adults aged 20-75 years from residential areas surrounding rivers near abandoned lead-zinc mine and classified them into river area and non-river area exposure groups. Urine levels of 25 metals, Framingham risk score (FRS), and serum concentrations of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), as biomarkers of vascular endothelial inflammation, were assessed. A "meet-in-the-middle" approach was applied to identify causal intermediate metabolites and metabolic pathways linking metal exposure to vascular endothelial inflammation in representative metabolic samples from 64 participants. Compared to the non-river area exposure group, the river area exposure group had significantly greater urine concentrations of chromium, copper, cadmium, and lead; lower urine concentrations of selenium; elevated FRS; and increased concentrations of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. In total, 38 differentially abundant metabolites were identified between the river area and non-river area exposure groups. Among them, 25 metabolites were significantly associated with FRS, 8 metabolites with ICAM-1 expression, and 10 metabolites with VCAM-1 expression. Furthermore, fructose, ornithine, alpha-ketoglutaric acid, urea, and cytidine monophosphate, are potential mediators of the relationship between metal exposure and vascular endothelial inflammation. Additionally, the metabolic changes underlying these effects included changes in arginine and proline metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, galactose metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, suggesting the disturbance of amino acid metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, nucleotide metabolism, and glycolysis. Overall, our results reveal biomechanisms that may link chronic exposure to multiple metals with vascular endothelial inflammation and elevated cardiovascular risk.
Brivaracetam will be administered to various age-based cohorts. Cohort 1: Subjects \>=12 to \<16 years; Cohort 2: Subjects \>=6 to \<12 years; Cohort 3: Subjects \>=2 to \<6 years; Cohort 4: Subjects 1 month to \<2 years. Enrollment will be sequential by descending age beginning with Cohort 1. For each cohort, the first half will receive a 15-minute iv infusion. The Data Monitoring Committee (DMC) will then review safety and, as available, PK data to make the following recommendations: the progression of the current cohort (up to 2-minute iv bolus infusion) and progression to initiate enrollment in the preceding cohort.
Participants in this arm will receive usual care at a clinic that has not received training in shared decision making and trauma-informed care. These participants also will not have viewed the HIV prevention DST. These participants were recruited in Aim 1 of this study.
Group will receive myofascial cupping therapy. In this method, the patient will lie down on the bed with an exposed scar area. Application areas will be cleaned and herbal oil or cream will be applied. A disposable plastic cup (5cm) will be positioned at THE selected area of the cesarean scar. Then, negative pressure will be applied using a mechanical vacuum pump, the cup will be gently slid around the selected area rhythmically to get a massage-like effect for approximately 5-15 minutes. Then the cup will be removed gently. After this, the application areas will be cleaned.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a disease that disrupts the lungs. With an average survival of 40.7 years, this condition affects around 30,000 in the US. Most commonly seen in among those of European descent, CF is present in about 1 in every 2,500 Caucasian newborns. A genetic mutation causes a thick and sticky mucus production in the lungs. Thus, CF patients are more likely to have respiratory failure and lung infections. These symptoms of CF vary among patients and primarily depend on the severity of the gene mutations.Currently, there is not a lot of literature on the relationship between CFTR genes and exercise capacity, highlighting the relevance of this study.

This study is expected to last at least 10 weeks. Participants will be given a Fitbit tracker at the beginning of the study to wear during their participation. Participants are asked to engage in their normal level of physical activity. No one from the research team will have direct access to their Fitbit information. In other words, participants will create an account on the Fitbit website and only participants will be able to see the information on there. A weekly survey about their Fitbit mileage will be given by a research member via phone. The weekly survey will also ask more opinionated questions, regarding any updates on their attitudes toward exercise. At the conclusion of this 10-week study, participants will have the option of keeping their Fitbit tracker. About 50 participants are expected to enroll in this study. At any point of the study, participants will be given the freedom to withdraw their participation.
Cardiac fibrosis is associated with aging, for which no targeted therapies are available. With aging, the levels of nerve growth factor-induced gene B (Nur77) are reduced during cardiac remodelling; however, its role in cardiac fibrosis in aging remains unclear. Here, we found that Nur77 knockout increased cardiac structure abnormalities, systolic and diastolic dysfunction, cardiac hypertrophy, and fibrotic marker expression in 15-month-old mice. Furthermore, Nur77 deficiency induced collagen type I (Col-1) and α-smooth muscle actin overproduction in transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) treated H9c2 cells, whereas Nur77 overexpression attenuated this effect. Nur77 deficiency in vivo and in vitro downregulated glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β expression and increased β-catenin activity, while its overexpression increased GSK-3β expression. GSK-3β knockdown counteracted the anti-fibrotic effect of Nur77 on TGF-β-treated H9c2 cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assay results suggested GSK-3β as the direct target of Nur77. Our findings suggest that Nur77 directly initiates GSK-3β transcription and age-related cardiac fibrosis partly through the GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. This study proposes a novel mechanism for Nur77 regulating cardiac fibrosis and suggests Nur77 as a target for the prevention and treatment of aging-associated cardiac fibrosis and heart failure.
Participants receive 12-weeks PA training (1x/week - 60 min) group sessions with a CEP/RKin, and a progressively structured home-based exercise program based on the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) guidelines.It combines aerobic-resistance exercise with flexibility training, and progresses towards increased in intensity and improved fitness. The goal is at least 150 min/week of moderate-intensity aerobic activity. Participants are also asked to complete 3-5 additional home-based sessions of aerobic, and resistance activities each week. Initial intensity is based on the performance of the exercises during a group session and is self-monitored via the 10-point rating of perceived exertion, with a prescribed training zone of 4-7.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject agent capable of exhibiting treating effect on wound, applicable to a wound face, by making a paper raw material and zeolite or zeolite and tourmaline into paper. SOLUTION: This agent comprises (A) zeolite having preferably 10-500μm average particle diameter or the component A and (B) tourmaline having preferably 10-500μm average particle diameter. The ratio of a paper raw material (pulp), the component A and the component B is 2-10 pts.wt. of the component A and 0.5-2 pts.wt. of the component B based on 10 pts.wt. of the paper raw material. In the agent, especially excellent effects are obtained by using Japanese paper. For example, a wood pulp is dissolved in water, the component A or the component A and the component B are suspended in the slurry and the objective agent is produced by a paper machine.
Sour cherry pomace is the largest byproduct of sour cherry processing with more than 0.4 million tonnes per year. In this study, sour cherry pomace powder (SCPP) has been treated individually or by a combination of microwave (MW), enzymatic hydrolysis, and high pressure to increase soluble dietary fiber (SDF) content. Then, the untreated or treated forms of SCPP, their SDF, and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) isolates were added (5%) to the reduced-fat cake. Rheological, physical, and textural properties of the full-fat (50%) and the reduced-fat (25% fat) cakes enriched with dietary fiber (DF) were compared. SDF enrichment minimized the negative effect of fat reduction in the cake. Water absorption, mixing tolerance, hardness, and springiness values of the SDF-enriched samples were found as the lowest. Extensibility, energy, weight loss, and cohesiveness values were found to be the highest values with the addition of SDF. All treatments helped to decrease mixing tolerance, dough development, and stability time. MW was the critical treatment for DF modification. Individual MW-treated DF samples increased resistance to extension of the dough samples as compared to the untreated SDF, IDF, and SCPP. Nevertheless, SDF showed better performance in acting as a fat replacer than IDF and SCPP. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The soluble dietary fiber (SDF) isolate minimized the negative effect of fat reduction in cakes. Water absorption and mixing tolerance of the dough were measured as the lowest. The hardness and springiness of soluble dietary fiber-enriched cakes were found to be the lowest. Extensibility and weight loss reached the highest value when SDF was used. Treatments helped decrease mixing tolerance, dough development, and stability time.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent complication that affects up to 60% of children and adolescents with obesity. It is associated with poorer cardiometabolic outcomes and neurocognitive deficits. Appropriate screening and intervention for OSA are crucial in the management of children with obesity. We performed a scoping review of international and national pediatric obesity (n = 30) and pediatric OSA (n = 10) management guidelines to evaluate the recommendations on OSA screening in pediatric obesity. Sixteen (53%) of the pediatric obesity guidelines had incorporated OSA screening to varying extents, with no consistent recommendations on when and how to screen for OSA, and subsequent management of OSA in children with obesity. We provide our recommendations that are based on the strength and certainty of evidence presented. These include a clinical-based screening for OSA in all children with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 85th percentile or those with rapid BMI gain (upward crossing of 2 BMI percentiles) and the use of overnight polysomnography to confirm the diagnosis of OSA in those with high clinical suspicion. We discuss further management of OSA unique to children with obesity. An appropriate screening strategy for OSA would facilitate timely intervention that has been shown to improve cardiometabolic and neurocognitive outcomes.
The HER-2 pulsed dendritic cell vaccine will be directly injected into the quadrant of the breast affected with DCIS. The location will be determined by referring to the patient's mammogram. Each dose will consist of 1.0-2.0 x 107 cells and will be injected into the quadrant of the breast affected with DCIS.