anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that affects the central nervous system (CNS) and results in progressive clinical disability and cognitive decline. Currently, there are no specific imaging parameters available for the prediction of longitudinal disability in MS patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has linked imaging anomalies to clinical and cognitive deficits in MS. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of MRI in predicting disability, clinical progression, and cognitive decline in MS.
METHODS: In this study, according to PRISMA guidelines, we comprehensively searched the Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase databases to identify pertinent articles that employed conventional MRI in the context of Relapsing-Remitting and progressive forms of MS. Following a rigorous screening process, studies that met the predefined inclusion criteria were selected for data extraction and evaluated for potential sources of bias.
RESULTS: A total of 3028 records were retrieved from database searching. After a rigorous screening, 53 records met the criteria and were included in this study. Lesions and alterations in CNS structures like white matter, gray matter, corpus callosum, thalamus, and spinal cord, may be used to anticipate disability progression. Several prognostic factors associated with the progression of MS, including presence of cortical lesions, changes in gray matter volume, whole brain atrophy, the corpus callosum index, alterations in thalamic volume, and lesions or alterations in cross-sectional area of the spinal cord. For cognitive impairment in MS patients, reliable predictors include cortical gray matter volume, brain atrophy, lesion characteristics (T2-lesion load, temporal, frontal, and cerebellar lesions), white matter lesion volume, thalamic volume, and corpus callosum density.
CONCLUSION: This study indicates that MRI can be used to predict the cognitive decline, disability progression, and disease progression in MS patients over time.
GSK1349572 is an integrase inhibitor being developed for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) on behalf of Shionogi-ViiV Healthcare LLC. In healthy subjects and in dose-ranging clinical trials of GSK1349572, subjects showed a small, reversible increase in serum creatinine concentrations as compared to the control groups; this occurred early during study drug administration and did not progress over time. In vitro data demonstrate that GSK1349572 inhibits the organic cation transporter (OCT2), which mediates the tubular secretion of creatinine; drugs such as cimetidine with similar effects on OCT2 lead to a nonpathological increase in creatinine with no effect on glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The current study is designed to confirm the mechanism behind the increase in serum creatinine observed during GSK1349572 therapy; specifically, the study will determine whether GSK1349572 has any effect on GFR or effective renal plasma flow. Absent such effects, one may conclude that the small increases in serum creatinine observed are due to the inhibition of the tubular secretion of creatinine via OCT2.

Subjects will be given GSK1349572 50mg once daily, 50mg twice daily or placebo once daily for 14 days. Changes in the subject's GFR will be measured through administration of iohexol and effective renal plasma flow will be measured using Para-Aminohippurate (PAH) on days -1, 7 and 14. Changes in serum creatinine and other renal biomarkers will be evaluated at baseline and at various time points throughout the study.
Major surgical procedures may require blood transfusions both during and after the operation. Agents that can increase the rate of red blood cell production would reduce the need for blood transfusions. Epoetin alfa is a genetically engineered form of a natural hormone, erythropoietin, that stimulates red blood cell production. This is a randomized, double-blind, multicenter study in patients scheduled for first time hip replacement surgery. The study compares the effectiveness of 2 different doses of epoetin alfa (20,000 units or 40,000 units per week) for reducing the need for blood transfusions during the surgery. Eligible patients will be randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: epoetin alfa 20,000 units per week, epoetin alfa 40,000 units per week, or placebo. Patients will be treated with study medication once a week for 4 weeks before their scheduled surgery. Effectiveness will be determined by the number of transfusions required during surgery. Other factors that determine effectiveness will be: the level of hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying component of red blood cells) and the percentage of red blood cells in the patient's blood (hematocrit) prior to surgery; the number of developing red blood cells (reticulocytes); the iron stores in the patient's blood prior to surgery; the patient's quality of life after the surgery; and the time that elapses after surgery before the patient is discharged from the hospital. Safety evaluations will include the incidence of blood clots in the deep veins, the incidence and severity of other adverse events, and changes in clinical laboratory tests, vital signs, and physical examination findings throughout the study. The study hypothesis is that patients treated with epoetin alfa before hip replacement surgery will require fewer blood transfusions during the surgery compared with patients treated with placebo, and that the lower epoetin alfa dose (20,000 units per week) is as effective as the higher epoetin alfa dose (40,000 units per week). Patients will receive 20,000 units or 40,000 units of epoetin alfa injected under the skin once weekly for 4 weeks, or a matching placebo injection containing human serum albumin.
PURPOSE: A composition for a cosmetic product using an Abeliophyllum distichum NAKAI fermentation is provided to ensure antioxidation and moisture holding ability, whitening effect, and safety, and to remove and alleviate skin troubles. CONSTITUTION: A composition is a composition for a cosmetic product prepared by fermenting Abeliophyllum distichum NAKAI with a microorganism. The composition is selected from Aspergillus, lactic acid bacteria, and yeast. Aspergillus is Aspergillus oryzae. The lactic acid bacteria are Leuconostoc citreum and Lactobacillus sakei. The yeast is Saccharomyces carlsbergensis. Abeliophyllum distichum NAKAI is selected from the group consisting of Abeliophyllum distichum NAKAI stems, barks, roots, branches, seeds, and flowers. A cosmetic composition contains 0.0001-38 % (w/w) of the composition.
The invention relates to Chinese medicine remedying rheumatism, including the medicine material of eucommia bark, teasel root, pangolin, sapanwood, chilopod, rhizome ligustici wallichii, long-nosed pit viper, safflower, divaricate saposhnikovia root, ginseng, frankincense, milk drug, largeleaf gentian root, lucid ganoderma, kadsura pepper stem, wild celery, twotooth achyranthes root, angelica, medicinal indianmulberry root, pantotrichum, Chinese taxillus twig, glossy privet fruit, tuber fleeceflower root and acanthopanax bark. The above prescriptions are crushed to dead small and enclosed in a capsule. Each pellet is 0.5g. The invention makes the best of the synergy of various medicines, which can remedy symptoms and root causes at the same time; regulate function of human body as a whole and create the big environment for remedying diseases. The drug efficacy can reach the focus together and remedy rheumatism and rheumatoid. The invention can remedy rheumatism, rheumatoid, lumbocrural pain, scapulohumeral periathritis and sciatica.
Participants received GLPG1690 (ziritaxestat) 600 mg as film-coated tablet orally, once daily (mean treatment duration was 332.9 days). Standard of care included either pirfenidone or nintedanib at a stable dose for at least 2 months before screening, and during screening; or neither pirfenidone or nintedanib (for any reason).
Injectable insulin formulations that are capable of modifying the amount of insulin released based on the patient's tissue glucose levels, methods for making and using these formulations are described herein. The formulation may be administered via subcutaneous, intradermal or intramuscular administration. In one preferred embodiment, the formulations are administered via subcutaneous injection. The formulations contain insulin, an oxidizing agent or enzyme and a reducing agent or enzyme, a diluent and optionally one or more thickening agents. If a thickening agent is present in the formulation, the thickening agent increases the viscosity of the formulation following administration. Preferably the formulation contains an insulin, a diluent, glucose oxidase and peroxidase. Following administration to a patient, the insulin is released from the formulations as a function of the patient's tissue glucose level, which in turn maintains the patient's blood glucose level within an optimum range. The formulation is often referred to as a "smart" formulation since it modifies its release rate of insulin according to the patient's needs at a particular time.  In a preferred embodiment, the formulation is designed to release insulin into the systemic circulation over time with a basal release profile following injection in a patient. In another embodiment, the formulation is designed to release insulin into the systemic circulation over time with a non-basal release profile following injection in a patient, such as a regular human insulin release profile or a prandial release profile.
PURPOSE: To provide a method for the differential diagnosis of Robert's uterus with adenomyosis, a rare uterine malformation, and determine the best course of treatment.
METHODS: A patient who had Robert's uterus with adenomyosis was admitted to our hospital in December 2022. We analyzed and summarized her case .
RESULTS: Our patient complained of progressively worsening primary dysmenorrhea over the course of 3 years and lower abdominal pain lasting for 2 days. Her carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) level was 372.10 U/mL. Examinations conducted by several hospitals indicated that she had a single-horned uterus and a residual horned uterus, and our hospital's examination identified Robert's uterus. This malformation was corrected by open abdominal surgery. For the procedure, pelvic adhesions were first isolated, after which the closed uterine cavity and adenomyosis were resected. Subsequently, the left ovarian endometriosis cyst was resected and right tubal ligation was performed. After surgery, three injections of gonadotropin-releasing hormone A (GnRH-A) were administered, which lowered the patient's CA125 level to 14 U/mL and normalized her condition.
CONCLUSION: We pioneered a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of Robert's uterus with adenomyosis. Some valuable references are provided for clinical practice.
New compds. contain 1 or more polar hydrophilic groups (pref. cations, anions or non-ionic apolar N-, S-, P- or O-contg. groups) linked directly or via intermediate members (e.g. via ester, amide, sulhonamide or mixed linkages) to polar hydrophobic groups (e.g. alkyl groups, lower alkylated benzene and naphthalene rings, propene, isobutene and certain isomers of pentene and hexene polymerised withh monolefins, petroleum hydrocarbons and kerosene paraffins). The hydrophilic gps. can be at any position in the molecule, but are pref. terminally located. The preferred new cpds. are glucosamine alkylsulphonates which may be prepd. by dissolving glucosamine at 0 degrees C in a minimal amount of H2O, slowly adding the sulphonic acid (cooling and stirring) until the pH is ca. 5, and evaporating the resulting soln. in vacuo.
The sustainable development of the citrus industry is greatly affected by citrus canker, an important bacterial disease. To explore the transcriptional regulatory mechanism of citrus resistance to canker disease, this study used the susceptible Citrus sinensis cv. 'Newhall' and its citrus canker-resistant bud mutation variety 'Longhuitian' (LHT) as materials. Through analysing the variances in leaf phenotypes between Newhall and LHT, as well as the variations in their transcriptional expression under Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) inoculation, our study concluded that LHT displays markedly greater resistance to Xcc compared to Newhall. Additionally, the spongy parenchyma of LHT leaves is significantly thicker than that of Newhall, and the stomatal number is significantly higher in LHT leaves, while the length and width of individual stomata in LHT leaves are significantly smaller than those in Newhall. RNA-seq analysis indicates that the differentially expressed genes between LHT and Newhall are involved in biotic stress-related biological processes, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, as well as phytohormone signalling pathways. Furthermore, significant differences were observed in reactive oxygen metabolism and phenylalanine metabolism pathways. The findings of our study provide data support for a deeper understanding of the citrus-Xcc interactions and offer valuable clues for unravelling citrus resistance to citrus canker.
The risks of using clomipramine hydrochloride in combination with other drugs have not been systematically evaluated. Given the primary CNS effects of clomipramine hydrochloride, caution is advised in using it concomitantly with other CNS-active drugs (see Information for Patients). Clomipramine hydrochloride should not be used with MAO inhibitors (see CONTRAINDICATIONS).

Close supervision and careful adjustment of dosage are required when clomipramine hydrochloride is administered with anticholinergic or sympathomimetic drugs.

Several tricyclic antidepressants have been reported to block the pharmacologic effects of guanethidine, clonidine, or similar agents, and such an effect may be anticipated with clomipramine because of its structural similarity to other tricyclic antidepressants.

The plasma concentration of clomipramine has been reported to be increased by the concomitant administration of haloperidol; plasma levels of several closely related tricyclic antidepressants have been reported to be increased by the concomitant administration of methylphenidate or hepatic enzyme inhibitors (e.g., cimetidine, fluoxetine) and decreased by the concomitant administration of hepatic enzyme inducers (e.g., barbiturates, phenytoin), and such an effect may be anticipated with clomipramine as well. Administration of clomipramine has been reported to increase the plasma levels of phenobarbital, if given concomitantly (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Interactions).
Cognitive training intervention group: 6 weeks of intervention with the online cognitive training "scientific brain training pro" for 40-60 minutes a day/ 5 days a week. Reminders and motivational phone-calls throughout the intervention period. Phone and Internet-based technical support is available.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this systematic review is to consolidate outcomes of obese patients undergoing high tibial osteotomy and to investigate the effect of obesity on postoperative outcomes, including symptomatic relief and time to conversion to arthroplasty.
METHODS: Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched from database inception up to April 2023 according to PRISMA guidelines by two reviewers. Search terms including 'obesity', 'BMI', 'osteotomy' and 'high tibial osteotomy (HTO)' were included to identify all relevant articles. Only studies that explicitly reported outcomes for obese patients were included. Disagreements in study inclusion or quality assessment were resolved by a senior third reviewer. Metrics compared include time to arthroplasty, preoperative and postoperative mechanical tibiofemoral angle (mTFA), patient-reported satisfaction scores and postoperative complications.
RESULTS: Nine studies comparing 973 patients were included. The mean age was 52.7 ± 4.2 years old and 38.4% were male. Six studies performed the medial opening-wedge HTO, and three utilized the medial wedge closing technique. Most studies indicated significant improvement following surgical intervention with satisfactory outcomes in obese and nonobese patients. In addition, differences in complication rates were minimal between obese and nonobese patients (n.s.), while functional scores did not vary significantly. Conversion to total knee arthroplasty was not found to increase in obese patients (n.s.).
CONCLUSION: Obesity does not appear to carry a greater complication risk or worse outcomes following high tibial osteotomies, and surgeons should consider HTO a viable option for young obese patients with symptomatic unicompartmental chondral wear with coronal limb malalignment.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV.
Approaching patients with lumbosacral plexopathies or radiculoplexus neuropathies can be challenging and a well-defined strategy considering specific etiologies is necessary to arrive at the correct diagnosis. In this case, a 61-year-old man presented with a 10-year history of slowly progressive right lower extremity numbness and weakness. His examination was marked by right lower extremity weakness, decreased temperature/pinprick and proprioceptive/vibratory sensations, hypotonia, muscle atrophy, and absent right patellar, and ankle deep tendon reflexes. His workup was notable for electrodiagnostic findings of chronic lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy and neuroimaging revealing marked enlargement, T2 signal abnormality, and faint contrast enhancement in multiple nerves. A targeted fascicular nerve biopsy yielded the final diagnosis of a rare disease. This case highlights the differential diagnoses of lumbosacral plexopathies or radiculoplexus neuropathies, including a guided workup. We also discuss the typical features of a rare diagnosis and its therapeutic options.
Excessive administration of RAYALDEE can cause hypercalciuria, hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, or oversuppression of intact PTH. Common symptoms of vitamin D overdosage may include constipation, decreased appetite, dehydration, fatigue, irritability, muscle weakness, or vomiting.

Treatment of acute accidental overdosage with RAYALDEE should consist of general supportive measures. If the overdosage is discovered within a short time, induce emesis or perform gastric lavage to prevent further absorption. Obtain serial serum and urine calcium measurements, and assess any electrocardiographic abnormalities due to hypercalcemia. Discontinue supplemental calcium. Treat with standard medical care if persistent and markedly elevated serum calcium levels occur.

Calcifediol is not significantly removed by dialysis.
A solid surfactant cosmetic composition comprising: an insoluble vegetable or fruit fibre, or mixture thereof; a synthetic surfactant; and a hydrocolloid, wherein the solid cosmetic composition is prepared by dehydrating a liquid composition comprising a vegetable or fruit pulp containing an insoluble fibre, or mixture thereof, in an amount of 55 to 99 wt.%; a synthetic surfactant in an amount of 0.9 to 40 wt.%; and a hydrocolloid in an amount of 0.1 to 15 wt.%. The vegetable or fruit pulp may be melon pulp, specifically honey dew melon pulp. The hydrocolloid may be selected from cellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, alginate, pectin, xanthan, tragacanth or a mixture thereof. The synthetic surfactant may be selected from lauryl betaine, cocoamide monoethanolamine, cetrimonium bromide, or sodium salts of lauryl sulphate, cocoamphoacetate, laureth sulphate, lauryl sarcosinate, alkyl sulphates, lauryl sulfosuccinate, laureth sulfosuccinate, or mixtures thereof. The composition may further comprise a sugar and/or binders, fillers, opacifiers, perfumes, colours, fragrances, decorative items, herbs and mixtures thereof. A cosmetic method of using the composition is also disclosed.
The purpose of this study is to characterize cardiovascular autonomic function to emotional stimuli (blood-injection-injury phobia \[needle phobia\]) during an orthostatic (upright) challenge in individuals with and without known needle phobia. It is well established that emotional stress can produce hypotensive (low blood pressure) reactions. Interestingly, these hypotensive reactions to venipuncture (even with minimal blood drawn), insulin injections, finger sticks for blood sugar monitoring, dental care, and vaccinations can affect up to a quarter of adults and appear to be uniquely associated with blood-injection-injury phobia rather than other phobias. These hypotensive reactions can ultimately lead to a vasovagal syncope (fainting) response, and lead to increased avoidance of medical and dental procedures as a result of this phobia. Ultimately, this has severe implications on public health and places additional strain on the Canadian healthcare system. Currently, there is limited understanding surrounding the initiation of this response. Additionally, a comprehensive profile of cardiovascular autonomic function during exposure to provoking stimuli during orthostatic stress has not been captured in the literature. We will test individuals with and without blood-injection-injury phobia using our standard approach while exposing them to emotional stimuli.

Volunteers (n=20) will be asked to undergo a "tilt test" to assess cardiovascular reflex control and orthostatic tolerance (measured as time to presyncope, or near fainting, in minutes). We and others have previously shown this technique to be reproducible, reliable, and to have high sensitivity and specificity for differentiating persons with differing orthostatic tolerance, or for examining the effects of interventions aimed at improving orthostatic tolerance.

Volunteers will undergo the test on two separate days. On one test day (the order of which will be randomized) the volunteer will be shown a series of photos and videos during the upright tilt portion of the test. One day the series of content will consist of blood-injection-injury phobia content and the other day will have neutral content. Cardiovascular measures will be monitored through the test. The study will be conducted in a randomised fashion.
In recent decades, technical advancements in lens surgery have considerably improved safety and refractive outcomes. This has led to a much broader range of indications for refractive lens exchange (RLE). Effective restoration of uncorrected distance and near visual acuity is possible with modern presbyopia correcting intraocular lenses (IOLs). Hyperopic patients who are fully presbyopic were identified as ideal candidates for RLE. For myopic patients, an increased risk of retinal detachment has been reported, which leads to a higher threshold to perform RLE in this patient group. The most frequent postoperative complications include posterior capsular opacification, deviation from the target refraction and cystoid macular edema. Thus, adequate planning of surgery, careful patient selection, as well as comprehensive counseling are crucial for successful RLE.
The present invention discloses an extraction method of marine active matter and its application. Its technological process includes the following steps of washing with water, drying, pulverizing, blending, constant temp, dissolving , vacuum filtering, distillation and concentration, and obtaining finished product, in which water-washing temp. is 40-70 deg.C, drying temp. is 100-120 deg.C, in the course of constant temp. dissolving the proper medicinal alcohol whose concentration is 70-80% is added, then constant temp. heating for 12-13 hr. at 50-60 deg.C, finally distilling and concentratig, recovering medicinal alcohol, and extracting marine active matter. Said extracted marine active matter can be compatible with Chinese medicinal material and bee product, and can be made into biological health-care medicine product.
Patients are asked to complete a telemonitored Ergometer training for 4 Weeks, at least 30 minutes every day. If training time declines to less than 20 minutes per day for one week, a motivation phone call will take place once a week.