anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
There is a need for new treatments to reduce brain injuries derived from neonatal hypoxia/ischemia. The only viable option used in the clinic today in infants born at term is therapeutic hypothermia, which has a limited efficacy. Treatments with exogenous RNase have shown great promise in a range of different adult animal models including stroke, ischemia/reperfusion injury, or experimental heart transplantation, often by conferring vascular protective and anti-inflammatory effects. However, any neuroprotective function of RNase treatment in the neonate remains unknown. Using a well-established model of neonatal hypoxic/ischemic brain injury, we evaluated the influence of RNase treatment on RNase activity, gray and white matter tissue loss, blood-brain barrier function, as well as levels and expression of inflammatory cytokines in the brain up to 6 h after the injury using multiplex immunoassay and RT-PCR. Intraperitoneal treatment with RNase increased RNase activity in both plasma and cerebropinal fluids. The RNase treatment resulted in a reduction of brain tissue loss but did not affect the blood-brain barrier function and had only a minor modulatory effect on the inflammatory response. It is concluded that RNase treatment may be promising as a neuroprotective regimen, whereas the mechanistic effects of this treatment appear to be different in the neonate compared to the adult and need further investigation.
BACKGROUND: Obesity is one of the conditions that may require invasive airway management. The effectiveness of invasive airway techniques in obesity is not fully understood, and there is no routinely recommended technique. This study aimed to compare the first attempt success rate, procedure time, and difficulty of traditional surgical cricothyrotomy and bougie-guided cricothyrotomy on a 3D-printed surgical airway manikin made obese using simple techniques.
METHODS: The study was designed as a prospective randomized controlled study. The obese simulation was created with a 3D-printed surgical airway manikin and sponge layers. Bougie-guided cricothyrotomy and traditional cricothyrotomy techniques were taught to emergency residents, and they were asked to practice the technique on the designed manikin. The duration of the procedure for both techniques, the number of attempts, the success rate, and the difficulty scores of the techniques were recorded.
RESULTS: A total of 24 residents were included in the study. As the first technique, 13 residents used bougie-guided cricothyrotomy. A total of 23 (95.8%) were successful with both techniques. In the traditional surgical cricothyrotomy, 7 (31.8%) residents were successful on the first attempt, while in the bougie-guided cricothyrotomy, 15 (68.2%) residents were successful on the first attempt (p = 0.020). In residents with less than 2 years of seniority, the mean difficulty score of the bougie-guided cricothyrotomy was lower (p = 0.024).
CONCLUSIONS: The success rate of the bougie-guided cricothyrotomy in the first attempt was higher than that of the traditional surgical technique. There was no statistically significant difference between the overall success rates and procedure times of both methods. The level of difficulty of the bougie-guided cricothyrotomy was found to be easier, especially for residents with less than two years of seniority.
PRESENTATIONS: The manuscript has been presented 9th EurAsian Congress on Emergency Medicine (oral presentation) at the 9-12 November, 2023, Antalya, Turkey, and won the best oral abstract award at this congress.
OBJECTIVES: In this study, we aimed to describe differences in diagnosis and both auditory and speech/language intervention utilization between children with permanent unilateral hearing loss as compared with bilateral hearing loss.
DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study was performed of children evaluated in a multidisciplinary hearing loss clinic at a tertiary care pediatric hospital. Children aged 0 to 18 years with either permanent unilateral or bilateral hearing loss were included.
RESULTS: One hundred fourteen children with unilateral hearing loss and 268 children with bilateral hearing loss were studied for a total of 382 children. There were no demographic differences between children with permanent unilateral versus bilateral hearing loss. Rates of newborn hearing screening and referred screening results were similar between those with unilateral and bilateral hearing loss. Despite similar rates of referred newborn hearing screening, those with bilateral hearing loss were diagnosed at a younger age (mean 3.6 years, SD 3.8 years) as compared with those with unilateral hearing loss (mean 5.0 years, SD 4.2 years). Children with unilateral hearing loss had similar severity of hearing loss in their poorer hearing ear as compared with children with bilateral hearing loss, yet they were significantly less likely to be fitted with hearing devices (53% versus 78%) or receive speech/language therapy (36% versus 54%) as compared with children with bilateral hearing loss. Multivariate analysis found that bilateral hearing loss and earlier age of hearing loss diagnosis were associated with hearing device use.
CONCLUSIONS: Early diagnosis and intervention for childhood hearing loss have a significant impact on a child's educational success and social relationships. However, little is known about differences in diagnosis and resource utilization between children with permanent unilateral hearing loss versus bilateral hearing loss. Children with unilateral hearing loss were diagnosed at a later age and were less likely to utilize hearing devices or speech/language therapy compared with those with bilateral hearing loss, despite having similar severity of hearing loss in the poorer hearing ear. There is a strong body of evidence that children with unilateral hearing loss have improved hearing outcomes with hearing devices, which suggests there is room for improvement in identifying unilateral hearing loss and providing adequate services to optimize educational success. However, speech therapy is generally implemented in response to language delays. Therefore, children with unilateral loss may have lower rates of language delays as compared with those with bilateral hearing loss, thereby explaining differences in speech therapy utilization.
Participants in this arm are patients who did not participate in the Randomized Controlled Trial. One to two patients will be recruited for each enrolled provider (Control and Intervention). One clinical session per patient will be audio recorded. These clinical recordings will be used to provide feedback only for Intervention providers during part 1 of the DECIDE-PC intervention.
OBJECTIVE: To report the experience of partial inferior pubicectomy in the treatment of complex posterior urethral stricture after trauma.
METHODS: A total of 46 patients with post-traumatic posterior urethral stricture admitted to the Department of Urology of our Hospital from January 2013 to September 2021 were selected as the research objects and underwent urethroplasty (including nine patients who had failed previous perineal repair surgery and adopted partial inferior pubicectomy approach). Retrograde urethrograph (RUG) and urine flow measurement were performed at 1, 3, 12 and 18 months after operation, and follow-up was performed when necessary. The clinical data during treatment were statistically analyzed.
RESULTS: All 46 patients underwent urethroplasty successfully, of which nine were treated with partial pubicectomy, accounting for 19.57% of the total. The causes of the disease were motor vehicle accident in 4 cases, falling collision injury in 2 cases, and rolling injury of military exercise tank in 3 cases. Among the 9 patients, 2 were children (22.22%), aged 8 and 12 years, and 7 were adults (77.78%), aged 19-44 (28.42 ± 1.56) years. Among the 9 patients, 6 had erectile dysfunction, accounting for 66.67%. The length of posterior urinary tract stenosis was (5.12 ± 0.57) cm. The operation time was (290.34 ± 12.35) min from anesthesia induction to skin closure. Five patients received 2 U blood transfusion during operation and three patients received 3 U blood transfusion after operation. The average hospital stay was 12-16 (14.24 ± 1.25) days, and the follow-up was 12-24 (18.24 ± 1.35) months. After surgery, one patient developed HIP abscess, which was successfully treated conservatively. One patient had dysuria 1 month after operation and was successfully treated by transurethral dilatation. One case had postoperative infection and recovered after intravenous administration of potent antibiotics. Cystourethrography was performed 3 months after operation, and there was no difference between patients with wide, long or short anastomotic stretch defects. All patients met the criteria for surgical success.
CONCLUSION: Partial inferior pubicectomy is a good surgical procedure for the repair of complicated posterior urethral stricture after operation. It is safe and reliable, can better display the prostatic apex and surgical field, shorten the length of reconstructed urethra, and has good postoperative effect. It has no direct or long-term effect on the stability of pelvis or bladder. However, further studies in a larger cohort of patients with complex posterior urethral strictures after repair are needed to demonstrate the specific indications for partial pubicectomy.
An embodiment of the invention may include a method, computer program product and computer system for the generation of synthetic images to enhance a diagnostic imaging order. The method, computer system, and computer program product may include receiving a verbal description of a clinical finding with respect to an anatomical part of a patient. The computing device may generate text from the received verbal description. The computing device may then identify a clinical finding in the text, the clinical finding describing a portion of an anatomical part of the patient at a particular location within the anatomical part. The computing device may also generate a synthetic image of the anatomical part including a mark indicating the portion at the particular location within the anatomical part of the clinical finding. Additionally, the computing device may be capable of generating a textual clinical order based on the received verbal description.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Sarcopenia, is predictive of a worse outcome after resection for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Obesity leads to a metabolic double burden if sarcopenia is as present, prompting malignancy progression, known as sarcopenic obesity (SO). This study aimed to compare sarcopenia and SO in patients undergoing CRLM resection, to prognostic parameters.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: The skeletal muscle index (SMI) defined sarcopenia using sex specific cut off values (48.4 cm2/m2 for females and 59.1 cm2/m2 for males) by calculating the preoperative muscle mass at the vertebral height L3 using OSIRIX DICOM viewer. SO was determined as sarcopenia in patients showing obesity, as shown via fat percentage measurements on the preoperative CT scan. Established prognostic parameters (KRAS status, TNM classification, inflammatory response) were evaluated against SMI and SO to assess their predictability for postoperative outcomes.
RESULTS: A total of 251 patients (62% female, median age 68 years) were included. Sarcopenic patients showed a threefold higher risk for postoperative death as compared to non-sarcopenic patients (p=0.04). Prevalent SO increased this risk to fivefold (p=0.01) compared to non-sarcopenic patients. COX regression analysis revealed SO and KRAS positivity as independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival (SO: p=0.038; KRAS: p=0.041; TNM, tumor size, Charlson Comorbidity Index, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio all not significant). Patients risk of death in case of KRAS positivity and SO was seven times higher (p=0.03).
CONCLUSION: There seems to be a benefit in merging data on mutational status and muscle wasting in patients with CRLM to facilitate an individual, patient-tailored approach.
PURPOSE:To provide an external agent for skin, such as base cosmetic, makeup cosmetic, hair cosmetic, drug, quasi-drug, etc., containing urea in a state of improved age stability, by compounding specific hydroquinone glycoside together with urea. CONSTITUTION:The objective external agent for skin contains 1pt.wt. of urea and >=1/10pts., preferably >=1pt. of a hydroquinone glycoside of formula (R is pentose residue, hexose residue, amino sugar residue, uronic acid residue or their methylated products) (especially preferably hydroquinone-beta-D-glucose). The amount of urea in the whole drug composition is 0.1-20wt% and that of the hydroquinone glycoside is 0.1-30wt%, preferably 6-20wt%. The effect can be effectively exhibited especially in an aqueous system containing urea in the form of an aqueous solution (provided that the substrate is preferably acidic).
All 12 patients with GERD will undergo the same procedure. Multiple rubber bands will be used to ligate mucosa in the gastroesophageal junction and cardia in 3/4 of the circumference.
An electric simulation system for home technical textiles, medical and hygiene technical textiles. The system applies electrical stimulation in order to prevent pressure ulcers with a proactive approach. With the system, in contrast to existing electrical simulation applications, blood pressure is increased at body stable pressure points before the development of pressure ulcers. In the system, a selective mechanism is developed instead of applying a fixed electrical stimulation to the whole body. In the system where electrical stimulation is applied, muscles surrounding blood vessels are stimulated and an effect equivalent to natural movement mechanism of body is provided. Thus blood is put into order and suspension of oxygen and nutrition is prevented, accumulation of waste products in cells is provided and defence mechanism of cells is kept active against invasion of cells by micro-organisms, and thus pressure ulcers are proactively prevented.
Groin pain is a common cause of disability in athletes. Imaging is crucial in a clinical diagnosis, given the multiple associated etiologies. The main sites of groin pain are the adductors, iliopsoas muscles, inguinal ring, hip joint, and pubic symphysis. Although magnetic resonance imaging is the gold standard to image groin pain, ultrasound (US) offers excellent accuracy in pinpointing muscle injuries, inguinal disruption, and hernias. US requires a detailed knowledge of anatomical landmarks; imaging pitfalls, and pathologic patterns. We review the complex anatomy of the groin region, the sonographic appearance of the involved structures, and the strengths and weaknesses of US.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled receptor having strong tumoricidal activity and useful as a remedy for cancer, by bonding a cytotoxic agent to a T-cell antigen receptor linkable specifically to a cell membrane antigen, especially to tumor cell. CONSTITUTION:For example, a T-cell antigen receptor (Japanese Patent Application No.60-92299) produced from a tumor-recognizing cloned T-cell is linked with a cytotoxic agent (e.g. cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil, bleomycin, etc.) to obtain the objective receptor. The linking can be carried out e.g. by preparing a complex composed of a carcinostatic agent such as adriamycin linked to a T-cell antigen receptor using dextran as a crosslinking agent. A strong tumoricidal activity can be imparted by linking a cytotoxic agent to a T-cell antigen receptor linkable specifically to a cell membrane antigen, especially to a tumor cell.
Ethanol Extract of Propolis (EEP) was mixed with Metronidazole powder in the ratio 1:1. Saline drops were added and mixed using the pestle until a creamy paste was achieved. This paste was then used for canal disinfection.
The invention relates to a screening test for recognizing a prostate disease and to an apparatus and a diagnosis substance. In the screening test, a diagnosis substance is supplied to the prostate via the bloodstream, which diagnosis substance contains at least one biomarker which is bound to at least one ferromagnetic particle and binds specifically to a molecule which is formed by a specific pathological prostate tissue, i.e. to a target molecule. A magnetic sensor is used to carry out a measurement for detecting any accumulation of particles which may occur in the prostate. The apparatus for carrying out the screening test comprises a rectal probe which contains at least one magnetic sensor. The diagnosis substance contains at least one biomarker which is bound to at least one ferromagnetic particle and binds specifically to a molecule which is formed by a specific pathological prostate tissue, i.e. to a target molecule, for example CEACAM-1, VEGF or Alpha (v) - beta (3) - integrin.
Primary and early HIV infection represents a potentially unique opportunity to better understand the pathogenesis of HIV infection, as well as to potentially prevent the establishment of latent infection. Approved antiretroviral therapy is able to reduce plasma viremia to unmeasurable levels in established infection and several groups have observed comparable effects in recently infected adults. This study is designed to evaluate and follow a cohort of patients with primary or early HIV infection and to evaluate the time course of latent infection and whether latent infection in CD4 cells will allow viral persistence despite antiretroviral therapy.

Patients begin antiretroviral therapy within 7 days of enrollment. All patients are evaluated for treatment compliance and complete a compliance questionnaire regularly. Clinical evaluations, including CD4, CD8, and HIV RNA counts also are done regularly. Antiretroviral therapy is discontinued if there is no detectable virus by ultrasensitive assay and culture techniques in plasma, PBMCs, and lymphoid tissue. In a subset of patients, genital secretions and CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) are evaluated. If relapse occurs, antiretroviral therapy is re-instituted. In addition, virology and immunology substudies are performed.
Numerous advancements in mental health treatment have been made over the past decade. Unfortunately, these advancements have focused on adults and have not been fully extended to children and adolescents. With limited pediatric information on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics for drugs used to treat mental health problems, psychiatrists are prescribing drugs for children using data extrapolated from adults, which may lead to potentially life-threatening results. Olanzapine is widely prescribed to treat both children and adults. This study will determine the safety and effectiveness of olanzapine in children and adolescents with mental health disorders. The study will also compare the effects of gender, development, body composition, and metabolic genotype and phenotype on how olanzapine works.

All participants will receive olanzapine for up to 8 weeks. Blood collection will occur at each weekly study visit. On Visit 1, participants will receive their first dose of olanzapine and repeated blood collection will occur every hour for 24 hours. Blood collection will be used to determine the time it takes for olanzapine to be absorbed into the body, its duration of action, the extent of its distribution in the body, the manner in which it is excreted from the body, and its effects on organs of the body.
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a group of well-differentiated heterogeneous neoplasms characterized by slow progression and distinct clinical and biological behavior. In the majority of patients with NET, first-line treatment is represented by somatostatin analogs (SSAs) that, despite being drugs with high tolerability (even at high doses) and providing to carcinoid symptoms control and anti-proliferative effects, may present some side effects, with potential impact on quality of life and nutritional status. The most frequent side effects are represented by gastrointestinal events in particular alterations in bowel habits (diarrhea and constipation), abdominal pain, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, and cholelithiasis. Considering the relative rarity of NETs, literature about frequency and standard clinical management of adverse events SSA-related is still lacking and heterogeneous. The aim of this review is to arm gastroenterologists and other physicians treating NET patients with essential knowledge on the side effects of SSAs. By identifying and managing these adverse events early, healthcare professionals can offer optimal care, avert foreseeable complications, and ensure the best outcomes for patients. Without such early recognition, there is a risk of diminishing the patient's quality of life and their ability to sustain treatment over time.
The invention relates to a production method for dosage forms. The production method makes dosage forms accessible that help even active ingredients that are poorly soluble to be highly bioavailable when taken orally. Another important advantage of the method is that the dosage forms produced in such a manner have good storage stability. The dosage forms produced in such a manner comprise several subunits. The invention further relates to the dosage forms and to uses of the dosage forms. In particular, the invention relates to layered tablets and to capsules that contain powder and coated microtablets. Examples of active ingredients are cinnarizine and dimenhydrinate.
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is accompanied by many health-related issues. This study aimed to evaluate the anthropometric indices, nutrient intakes and health-related characteristics of MS patients as well as their possible correlations.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 283 MS patients in Shiraz, Iran, during 2018-2019. Body mass index (BMI) and body composition were measured for each participant. A food frequency questionnaire was used to determine the patients' nutrient intakes. The level of fatigue, disability and quality of life of the individuals were assessed by the modified fatigue impact scale (MFIS), the expanded disability status scale and the multiple sclerosis quality of life-54 questionnaires, respectively.
RESULTS: The results revealed that 43.11% of the patients were overweight or obese, and their %body fat (%BF) was 35.65 ± 7.63. Besides, intakes of vitamins A, E, D, folic acid, calcium, zinc and magnesium were significantly lower than recommendations in both genders, and sodium intake was significantly higher than the tolerable upper intake level in females. A significant positive linear correlation was observed between MFIS and BMI (r = 0.12, P = 0.045). Significant positive correlations were also found between psychosocial subscale of MFIS and both of %BF (r = 0.12, P = 0.049) and visceral fat area (r = 0.14, P = 0.02). Unexpectedly, the patients' quality of life showed significant negative correlations with fat free mass and skeletal muscle mass.
CONCLUSION: Being overweight, having a high %BF and poor nutrient intakes are common among MS patients. Improving the patients' lifestyle and dietary intake is recommended to reduce fatigue and increase their life quality.