anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Recurrent genomic rearrangements at 16p11.2 BP4-5 represent one of the most common causes of genomic disorders. Originally associated with increased risk for autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and intellectual disability, as well as adiposity and head circumference, these CNVs have since been associated with a plethora of phenotypic alterations, albeit with high variability in expressivity and incomplete penetrance. Here, we comprehensively review the pleiotropy associated with 16p11.2 BP4-5 rearrangements to shine light on its full phenotypic spectrum. Illustrating this phenotypic heterogeneity, we expose many parallels between findings gathered from clinical versus population-based cohorts, which often point to the same physiological systems, and emphasize the role of the CNV beyond neuropsychiatric and anthropometric traits. Revealing the complex and variable clinical manifestations of this CNV is crucial for accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies for carrier individuals. Furthermore, we discuss areas of research that will be key to identifying factors contributing to phenotypic heterogeneity and gaining mechanistic insights into the molecular pathways underlying observed associations, while demonstrating how diversity in affected individuals, cohorts, experimental models, and analytical approaches can catalyze discoveries.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject new compound having a strong antagonistic function to CRH receptor esp. CRH2 receptor and useful for treatment for melancholia, anxiety, anorexia nervosa, Alzheimer's disease or the like. SOLUTION: This compound is shown by the formula (X is S or O; A1 and A2 are each an aryl or heteroaryl; A3 is a benzene or pyridine ring; and R1 and R2 are each e.g. a lower alkyl, lower alkenyl), e.g. N,N-dimethyl-4-(4,5- diphenylthiazole-2-yl)aniline. A compound of the formula is obtained by reacting a halogenoketone derivative with a thioamide derivative in the equal molar ratio or slightly different molar ratio in an alcohol-based solvent such as isopropanol or methanol in the presence of a basic compound (e.g. calcium carbonate or potassium hydroxide) under heating, pref., under a heating reflux and, if necessary, removing any protecting group. When the protecting group of amino group is a benzyl group, it is removed by an acid treatment using dichloroacetic acid/methanol or the like.
Patients receive oxaliplatin IV and leucovorin IV over 2 hours on day 1. Patients also receive a lower dose of fluorouracil IV over 2-4 minutes followed by a higher dose IV continuous over 4-6 hours on day 1. Courses repeat every 14 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Tumor bleeding frequently occurs in inoperable gastric cancer patients. Inoperable gastric cancer usually has a large ulcer with friable tumor vessels. Acidic environment in stomach prevents adequate function of coagulation cascade and decrease clot stability. Gastric cancer bleeding may cause significant morbidity and often delays scheduled chemotherapy. National Center Center data showed that about 30% of gastric cancer patient undergoing palliative chemotherapy eventually experience significant cancer bleeding during the treatment period. Once bleeding occurs, endoscopic management is more difficult in gastric cancer patients than in patients with benign peptic ulcers, because the malignant ulcer bed has significant fibrosis. Consequently, gastric cancer patient has a high risk of rebleeding.

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI, lansoprazole for example) decrease gastric acid secretion by inhibiting H+,K+-ATPase, and subsequently stabilize blood clot. PPIs are commonly used for benign peptic ulcer or reflux esophagitis, and PPI can decrease recurrent benign ulcer bleeding or other ulcer complications. Moreover, it was reported to prevent bleeding from NSAID or aspirin induced gastric ulcer. Because PPIs are very safe, and they are even available as over-the-counter drugs in some countries. Furthermore, the drug has no interaction with major chemotherapeutic agents commonly used for gastric cancer. Moreover, the drugs are prescribed to the gastric cancer patients when tumor bleeding occurs. Although gastric cancer bleeding is not uncommon and clinically challenging problem, there has been no recommended measure to prevent cancer bleeding. Also there has been no report about the efficacy of PPIs on the gastric cancer bleeding prevention up to now.
The primary objective of this study is to determine an optimized set of scan parameters for HP 129Xe MR diffusion-weighted imaging, HP 129Xe MR ventilation imaging, HP 129Xe Chemical Shift Saturation Recovery (CSSR) and Xenon polarization Transfer Contrast (XTC) MRI that will produce clear, anatomically and clinically relevant images of the lungs in up to 10 healthy participants and up to 10 participants with NSCLC. The primary objective will be completed before moving onto the secondary objective.
Accordingly, previously-published studies have demonstrated large discrepancies in the reported incidence of osteoporosis, based on measurement of bone mineral density (BMD), in patients with AS ranging from 18.7% to 62%. Measurement of trabecular bone score (TBS) is a novel tool used to evaluate bone microarchitecture. Aim of the work: to compare bone quality using TBS between AS patients and healthy controls and to evaluate factors associated with TBS in patients with AS. Patients and methods: A total of 40 male AS patients recruited from Outpatient Clinic of Rheumatology, Mansoura University Hospital. 40 age-matched healthy males as matched control. TBS was analyzed using DXA images over exactly the same region as the lumbar BMD assessment (L1-L4). Lumbar spine DXA images were reanalyzed using TBS iNight software version 2.1 (Med-I maps, Merignac, France). Patients were divided in 3 TBS groups according to guidelines for fracture risk: any TBS \>1.31 was considered as normal; TBS values between 1.23 and 1.31 were consistent as partially degraded structure; and any TBS \<1.23 was considered as degraded structure
In the first stage, a three-day food consumption record will be taken from 50 non-pregnant (menstruating) women of reproductive age in order to determine the foods to be included in the food consumption frequency section, and the questionnaire sections and questions (nutrition habits and food consumption frequency questionnaire) will be designed. In the second stage of the study, the questionnaire developed in the first stage will be applied to 350 non-pregnant (menstruating) volunteer women of reproductive age through face-to-face interviews. A 24-hour recall food consumption record will be taken. In this stage, the blood parameters of at least 100 individuals whose blood counts have already been taken for routine tests and treatments and who meet the inclusion criteria. In the third stage, the questionnaire will be applied again to 75 individuals who have completed the second stage at least 2 weeks later in order to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire results.
Continuous ward monitoring with hallway monitor screens accessible for viewing but with alarm limits more narrow. When an alarm goes off (limits based on the stratification of that month) the nursing staff will still be notified via their Ascom phone as per standard of care. Nursing staff will be able to view the hallway monitors showing the vital signs in all of the rooms and/or log in to WakeOne to verify the vital sign and/or go to the patient room to check on the patient. To ensure patient safety, factory alarm limits at extremes of physiological vital signs will stay on in the blinded arm. Every 4 hourly checks by nursing teams unless otherwise ordered. Continuous monitoring accessible to clinicians with pre-specified alerts at Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) \<65 mmHg, heart rate \>110 beats per minute (b/m), and peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2) \<90%. Every 4 hourly checks by nursing teams unless otherwise ordered.
As with other beta-lactam antimicrobial drugs, the time that unbound plasma concentrations of ceftazidime exceed the AVYCAZ minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against the infecting organism has been shown to best correlate with efficacy in a neutropenic murine thigh infection model with Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The time above a threshold concentration has been determined to be the parameter that best predicts the efficacy of avibactam in in vitro and in vivo nonclinical models. 

Cardiac Electrophysiology

In a thorough QT study, a supratherapeutic dose of ceftazidime (3 grams) was investigated for QT effects in combination with a supratherapeutic dose of avibactam (2 grams) given as a 30-minute single infusion. No significant effect on QTcF interval was detected at peak plasma concentration or at any other time. The largest 90% upper bound for the placebo corrected mean change from baseline was 5.9 ms. There were no QTcF intervals greater than 450 ms, nor were there any QTcF interval changes from baseline greater than 30 ms.
The pharmacokinetics of propranolol hydrochloride extended-release capsules have not been investigated in patients over 65 years of age. 

In a study of 12 elderly (62 to 79 years old) and 12 young (25 to 33 years old) healthy subjects, the clearance of S-enantiomer of propranolol was decreased in the elderly. Additionally, the half-life of both the R- and S-propranolol were prolonged in the elderly compared with the young (11 hours vs. 5 hours). 

Clearance of propranolol is reduced with aging due to decline in oxidation capacity (ring oxidation and side chain oxidation). Conjugation capacity remains unchanged. In a study of 32 patients age 30 to 84 years given a single 20 mg dose of propranolol, an inverse correlation was found between age and the partial metabolic clearances to 4-hydroxypropranolol (40HP ring oxidation) and to naphthoxylactic acid (NLA-side chain oxidation). No correlation was found between age and the partial metabolic clearance to propranolol glucuronide (PPLG conjugation).
BACKGROUND: Generally infrequent, multiple sclerosis (MS) with late onset (LOMS) is characterized by an onset over the age of 50 and a mainly progressive course, while relapsing-remitting (RR) forms are less frequently observed and explored. This study aimed to characterize a large cohort of MS patients with RRMS at onset to assess the baseline factors related to the worst disability trajectories and explore the role of LOMS.
METHODS: The data were extracted from the Italian MS Register (IMSR). Disability trajectories, defined using at least two and up to twenty expanded disability status scale (EDSS) assessments annually performed, were implemented using group-based trajectory models (GBTMs) to identify different groups with the same trajectories over time. MS profiles were explored using multinomial logistic regression.
RESULTS: A total of 16,159 RR patients [1012 (6.26%) presented with LOMS] were analyzed. The GBTM identified four disability trajectories. The group with the most severe EDSS trend included 12.3% of the patients with a mean EDSS score > 4, which increased over time and exceeded 6 score. The group with medium severity EDSS trend comprised 21.9% of the patients and showed a change in EDSS > 3 scores over time. The largest group with 50.8% of patients reported a constant EDSS of 2 score. Finally, the benign group comprised 14.9% of the patients with a low and constant EDSS of 1 score over time. The probability of being in the worst groups increased if the patient was male; had LOMS or experienced brainstem, spinal, or supratentorial symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS: Four MS severity profiles among RRMS patients in the IMSR have been reported, with LOMS being associated with a rapid worsening of EDSS scores. These findings have important implications for recognizing and managing how older age, aging, and age-related factors interact with MS and its evolution.
This Personalized Trial will test the feasibility of employing technology to facilitate remote N-of-1 interventions to research participants with self-identified fatigue. Symptoms of fatigue will be defined using the PROMIS Fatigue measures. Following a 2 week baseline assessment period, participants will be randomized in a multiple crossover design to receive bright blue light therapy, dim blue light therapy, and usual care in 6 treatment periods 2 weeks in length (12 weeks total). Participants will be randomly assigned to 2 groups receiving treatments in different order. Group 1 will receive treatments in the following order: bright light, dim light, usual care, usual care, dim light, bright light. Group 2 will receive treatments in the following order: usual care, dim light, bright light, bright light, dim light, usual care. Light therapy will be delivered using commercial available devices manufactured by AYO. The total duration of the study will be 14 weeks. During the baseline assessments and all treatment periods, participants will be assessed using daily survey measures, weekly survey measures, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) measures delivered via text message 3 times daily, and information collected via a Fitbit device. Survey measures will assess participant self-reported fatigue. EMA measures will ask participants to rate their fatigue, pain, concentration, confidence, mood, and stress in the moment. Participant daily steps and nightly sleep duration will be assessed using the Fitbit Charge 3™ device. After at the end of the study, participants will receive a personalized report summarizing their data from the baseline assessment and from each treatment period. Participants will be asked to evaluate their experience with the Personalized N-of-1 Trial overall and each element of the trial using the System Usability Scale (SUS) as well as a satisfaction survey measure. Participant adherence to study intervention devices (e.g. AYO bright blue light and AYO dim blue light machines), survey measures, EMA measures, and Fitbit device usage will also be assessed.
In the six, double-blind, controlled clinical safety and efficacy trials of ONGLYZA, 634 (15.3%) of the 4148 randomized patients were 65 years and over, and 59 (1.4%) patients were 75 years and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between patients ≥65 years old and the younger patients. While this clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.

Saxagliptin and its active metabolite are eliminated in part by the kidney. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection in the elderly based on renal function. [See Dosage and Administration (2.2) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3).]
Eligible patients randomized to the Ticagrelor arm will receive open label drug at a dose selected by their providers along with 81mg aspirin. These patients will be followed for 1 year through chart review for events. For event free patients, a phone follow-up will be done at the end of 1 year to record events These events be documented in the medical records.
Subjects will not receive any study treatments or have access to the app but may seek standard treatment if they choose, in addition to completing self-report measures. For 8 weeks, TAU group will participate in the study under treatment as usual. For weeks 9-16, the TAU group will then switch and have full access to the Messy Memories App to review and use for a limited amount of time. Subjects will download and have access to the Messy Memories application in addition to completing self-report measures electronically at pre-determined time points. While the subject uses the app, the participant will input information related to their mood over the past few days, their level of distress before and after the memory processing, answers to questions about revisiting the memory, answers to questions in the social connection and self-care modules including assessment of, for example, sleep pattern, eating habits, and exercise habits.
Patients receive gemcitabine hydrochloride IV and cisplatin IV as patients in arm A. Cycles repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo CT or MRI throughout study. Patients also undergo tumor tissue and blood sample collection throughout the trial and undergo tumor biopsy during screening and on study.
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a condition mostly known and characterized by motor symptoms, such as tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, amongst others. Yet, recent bodies of research have identified a significant number of non-motor symptoms that also accompany the unfolding of this disease. These non-motor symptoms mainly focus on hallucinations that will develop with the course of the disease, and will affect approximately 50% of the patients suffering from Parkinson's. This number rises to 70% if minor hallucinations, mild phenomena and poorly-structured hallucinations, are included. Despite the potential impact in the patients' lives, and previous efforts to study these phenomena, the brain changes that underly hallucinations in PD are still poorly understood. With the current study the investigators aim to improve this understanding, by studying the most common minor hallucination in Parkinson's Disease, the Presence Hallucination (PH), which can be defined as the strange sensation of perceiving someone behind when no one is actually there. To study it in a controlled manner, the investigators will induce this hallucination with an extensively verified paradigm, which gives rise to this sensation through robotically-mediated sensorimotor stimulation, in both healthy individuals, and PD patients. The researchers intend to discern the sensitivity of different groups of PD patients to the induction of this hallucination, by targeting PD patients, with hallucinations including PH, with hallucinations but without PH, without any hallucinations, and an aged match control group with no neurological comorbidities. The investigators intended to extend previous work on the induction of the PH in PD patients, by identifying the neural correlates of this induction in these patients, in a similar fashion to previous work in healthy individuals. Moreover, the researchers also intend to extend the general understanding of the basis for hallucinations in PD by extending what was done in previous work, to more stratified cohorts of PD patients, that will not only be analysed in terms of static during rest, but also in terms of dynamic connectivity, and will also perform the PH-inducing task in the scanner, as mentioned before.
PURPOSE: An advanced iduronate-2-sulfatase is provided to have an excellent therapeutic effect on hunter syndrome compared to existing wild type IDS. CONSTITUTION: A gene is obtained by inserting oligonucleotide coding 5-7 negative charge amino acids in IDS coding sequence of wild type iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) gene. An expression vector comprises the gene. A host cell comprises the expression vector. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing or curing hunter syndrome comprises the polypeptide as an active ingredient. A method of preventing or curing hunter syndrome comprises the step of injecting the composition above to an object needing the composition.
Subjects enrolled in this arm will have the HonourTM poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) cage (interbody cage) implanted at each level of 1 or 2-level lumbar arthrodesis procedures. All constructs will be supplemented with a pedicle screw system (Depuy Synthes Expedium) cleared for lumbar spinal fusion.
The invention relates to an agonistic 4-1BB monoclonal antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, which comprises a heavy chain variable region and a light chain variable region, wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises: a CDR1 region with an amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID NO. 1, a CDR2 region with an amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID NO. 2 and a CDR3 region with an amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID NO. 3; the light chain variable region comprises: a CDR1 region with an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 4, a CDR2 region with an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 5 and a CDR3 region with an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 6. The invention provides a monoclonal antibody aiming at h4-1BB, which can be specifically bound with h4-1BB so as to activate T cells. The antibodies of the invention have potential for use in the treatment of a variety of cancers through immunomodulation.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of combining ultrasound-guided sharp needle technique with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for treating outflow stenosis or dysfunction in arteriovenous fistula (AVF) among hemodialysis patients.
METHODS: From October 2021 to March 2023, patients with occluded or malfunctional fistula veins not amenable to regularly angioplasty were retrospectively enrolled in the study. They underwent ultrasound-guided sharp needle intervention followed by PTA. Data on the location and length between the two veins, technical success, clinical outcomes, and complications were collected. Patency rates post-angioplasty were calculated through Kaplan-Meier analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 23 patients were included. The mean length of the reconstructed extraluminal segment was 3.18 cm. The sharp needle opening was performed on the basilic vein (60.9%), brachial vein (26.1%), or upper arm cephalic vein (13%) to create outflow channels. Postoperatively, all cases presented with mild subcutaneous hematomas around the tunneling site and minor diffuse bleeding. The immediate patency rate for the internal fistulas was 100%, with 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month patency rates at 91.3%, 78.3%, and 43.5%, respectively.
CONCLUSION: Sharp needle technology merged with PTA presents an effective and secure minimally invasive method for reconstructing the outflow tract, offering a new solution for recanalizing high-pressure or occluded fistulas.
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer, but there are still many patients with local recurrence or metastasis after treatment, and the 5-year survival rate is low. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer is still controversial in improving disease-free survival and overall survival, and previous studies were mostly based on traditional two-dimensional radiotherapy techniques, intensity-modulated radiotherapy and three-dimensional afterloading in dosimetry and radiotherapy. Compared with traditional radiotherapy, it has more advantages in terms of biological effects. In addition, after the adjustment of the new 2018 FIGO staging, it is possible to change the impact of the original treatment mode on overall survival. Therefore, more evidence-based medical evidence is needed to clarify the clinical value of adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer. Therefore, this study carried out a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical study under the background of intensity-modulated radiation therapy and three-dimensional afterloading therapy. By comparing simultaneous intensity-modulated radiotherapy and chemotherapy combined with adjuvant chemotherapy and simultaneous intensity-modulated radiotherapy and chemotherapy alone, based on the 2018 FIGO staging The clinical efficacy of locally advanced cervical cancer further clarifies the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer.