anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Amlodipine 

Closely monitor patients with heart failure. 

Amlodipine (5 to 10 mg per day) has been studied in a placebo-controlled trial of 1153 patients with NYHA Class III or IV heart failure on stable doses of ACE inhibitor, digoxin, and diuretics. Follow-up was at least 6 months, with a mean of about 14 months. There was no overall adverse effect on survival or cardiac morbidity (as defined by life-threatening arrhythmia, acute myocardial infarction, or hospitalization for worsened heart failure). Amlodipine has been compared to placebo in four 8 to 12 week studies of patients with NYHA class II/III heart failure, involving a total of 697 patients. In these studies, there was no evidence of worsening of heart failure based on measures of exercise tolerance, NYHA classification, symptoms, or LVEF. In the PRAISE-2 study, 1654 patients with NYHA class III (80%) or IV (20%) heart failure without evidence of underlying ischemic disease, on stable doses of ACE inhibitor (99%), digitalis (99%), and diuretics (99%) were randomized 1:1 to receive placebo or amlodipine and followed for a mean of 33 months. While there was no statistically significant difference between amlodipine and placebo in the primary endpoint of all cause mortality (95% confidence limits from 8% reduction to 29% increase on amlodipine), there were more reports of pulmonary edema in the patients on amlodipine.
This clinical investigation is designed to assess the workflow feasibility of FLASH radiotherapy treatment in a clinical setting, as well as the toxicities, and pain relief when used to treat bone metastasis(-es) in the extremities (excluding feet, hands, wrists). FLASH radiotherapy has been shown in preclinical studies to cause less injury to surrounding normal tissues during radiation treatment, while still having similar tumor cell killing. Patients at least 18 years of age with painful bone metastases located in the limbs will be considered for the study. These patients represent an ideal population for a feasibility study of FLASH radiotherapy as they are known to benefit from the palliative effects of radiotherapy using single dose radiation regimens of 8Gy which is what is being used in this investigation. After treatment, patients will be assessed for pain response as well as any adverse side-effects of radiation. The workflow feasibility of the treatment will also be evaluated.
Teratogenic Effects: Pregnancy Category B.

The safety of Acarbose Tablets in pregnant women has not been established. Reproduction studies have been performed in rats at doses up to 480 mg/kg (corresponding to 9 times the exposure in humans, based on drug blood levels) and have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to acarbose. In rabbits, reduced maternal body weight gain, probably the result of the pharmacodynamic activity of high doses of acarbose in the intestines, may have been responsible for a slight increase in the number of embryonic losses. However, rabbits given 160 mg/kg acarbose (corresponding to 10 times the dose in man, based on body surface area) showed no evidence of embryotoxicity and there was no evidence of teratogenicity at a dose 32 times the dose in man (based on body surface area). There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies of Acarbose Tablets in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of the human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Because current information strongly suggests that abnormal blood glucose levels during pregnancy are associated with a higher incidence of congenital anomalies as well as increased neonatal morbidity and mortality, most experts recommend that insulin be used during pregnancy to maintain blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible.

Nursing Mothers

A small amount of radioactivity has been found in the milk of lactating rats after administration of radiolabeled acarbose. It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, Acarbose Tablets should not be administered to a nursing woman.

Pediatric Use

Safety and effectiveness of Acarbose Tablets in pediatric patients have not been established.

Geriatric Use

Of the total number of subjects in clinical studies of Acarbose Tablets in the United States, 27% were 65 and over, while 4% were 75 and over. No overall differences in safety and effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects. The mean steady-state area under the curve (AUC) and maximum concentrations of acarbose were approximately 1.5 times higher in elderly compared to young volunteers; however, these differences were not statistically significant.
Purpose: This study examines whether excessive adipose tissue, as measured by the body mass index (BMI), is associated with higher systemic markers of inflammation and higher risk of severe acute organ failure among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study of 1370 hospitalized adults (18 years or older) with COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic. Patient-level variables were extracted from the electronic medical record. The primary predictor variable was the BMI at time of hospital admission, in accordance with the World Health Organization classification. Multivariable logistic regression analyses examined the association of BMI with the composite of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), as defined by the use of high-flow nasal canula, non-invasive ventilation, or mechanical ventilation, severe acute kidney injury (AKI), as defined by acute dialysis requirement, or in-hospital death. Results: After adjustment for important cofounders, the BMI stratum of > 40 kg/m2 (compared to the BMI < 25 kg/m2 reference group) was associated with higher odds for the composite of ARDS, severe AKI, or in-hospital death (adjusted odds ratio [ORadj] 1.69; 95% confidence interval [CI]1.03, 2.78). As a continuous variable, BMI (per 5-kg/m2 increase) remained independently associated with the composite outcome (ORadj 1.13; 95% CI 1.03, 1.23); patients in higher BMI categories exhibited significantly higher peak levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), a systemic marker of inflammation (P = .01). In a sub-cohort of 889 patients, the association of BMI with the composite outcome was no longer significant after adjustment for the peak level of CRP. Conclusions: Among hospitalized patients with COVID-19, a higher BMI is associated with higher risk of severe organ failure or in-hospital death, which dissipates after adjustment for CRP level. This supports the hypothesis that inflammation is a downstream mediator of adipose tissue on acute organ dysfunction.
This trial represents the first time that verapamil will be evaluated in human subjects as a superselectively administered neuroprotective agent administered in an acute time frame as an adjunct to intra-arterial thrombolysis. The methods for administration, along with the routinized followup, will provide a paradigm for studying other potential neuroprotective agents. Subjects will undergo cerebral angiography with intra-arterial thrombolysis, which is standard of care. 'Intra-arterial thrombolysis will include possible intra-arterial administration of tPA, as well as possible mechanical thrombectomy with an accepted thrombectomy device. This includes the Mercí Retriever (Concentric Medical, Mountain View, CA), the Penumbra System (Penumbra, Alameda, CA), the Solitaire stent-triever (EV3, Covidien, Irvine, CA), and the Trevo stent-triever (Concentric Medical, Mountain View, CA). Immediately after the intra-arterial thrombolysis component of the angiographic procedure is completed, the microcatheter used during the procedure will be left in or guided into the vessel location of the clot. 10mg of verapamil in 20cc of normal saline will be administered over 20 minutes (1cc/minute) through the microcatheter and into the vessel previously obstructed by clot. At the conclusion of infusion, the microcatheter will be removed. Angiography through the guide catheter of the cerebral circulation in question will be performed to ensure no new thromboembolic event from the microcatheterization (standard of care). The catheters will be removed, and the arterial puncture site closed in the standard fashion. Patients will receive a noncontrast CT scan or MRI approximately 24 hours after intervention to determine the presence or absence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) after intervention. This would be considered standard practice for intra-arterial thrombolysis. Both imaging studies can detect ICH, and the choice of one or the other will be determined by clinical criteria; CT or MRI may be preferable for different reasons depending upon the patient's clinical scenario. The determination of hemorrhage will be made by the official dictation of a diagnostic neuroradiologist not directly involved in the study. The hemorrhage will be considered an adverse event if it is deemed symptomatic in accordance with the criteria used in the International Management of Stroke (IMS) III study. Briefly, a hemorrhage is defined as symptomatic if occurring within 24+/-6 hours after study inclusion, temporally related to the intervention, and occurs with worsening neurological status as documented in the clinical exam. A 4 point or more increase in the NIHSS stroke scale would qualify as a significant worsening in status. Furthermore, hemorrhage that requires intervention surgically or endovascularly would be deemed significant.
Heavy metal-induced neuroinflammation is a significant pathophysiologic mechanism in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AD. Multiple miRNAs are differentially expressed in peripheral tissues after heavy metal exposure, and increasing evidence suggests that they are involved in AD progression by regulating microglial homeostasis. Exosomes, which are capable of loading miRNAs and crossing the bloodbrain barrier, serve as mediators of communication between peripheral tissues and the brain. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on the link between miRNAs in peripheral tissues and neuroinflammation in AD after heavy metal exposure and propose a role for miRNAs in the microglial neurodegenerative phenotype (MGnD) of AD. This study will help to elucidate the link between peripheral tissue damage and MGnD-mediated neuroinflammation in AD after heavy metal exposure. Additionally, we summarize the regulatory effects of natural compounds on peripheral tissue-derived miRNAs, which could be potential therapeutic targets for natural compounds to regulate peripheral tissue-derived exosomal miRNAs to ameliorate heavy metal-induced MGnD-mediated neuroinflammation in patients with AD after heavy metal exposure.
FIELD: balneologic therapy. SUBSTANCE: balneologic procedures are carried out alternately in hyperosmotic and hypoosmotic bathes. The former contains salt additives (mixtures of inorganic salts) and complex of naturally occurred biologically-active vegetable- or animal-origin substances and the latter has osmomolarity below 100 m osm/l. Different types of water can be used: tap water, distilled water, freezing-thawing water, or deionized water. EFFECT: enhanced treatment efficiency. 4 cl
BACKGROUND: Testicular ischemia requires timely diagnosis and definitive management to avoid serious consequences such as orchiectomy. It is almost always caused by testicular torsion; however, there are other causes to be aware of.
CASE REPORT: A 32-year-old man developed testicular ischemia following a laparoscopic robotic-assisted inguinal hernia repair with preperitoneal mesh. The ischemia progressed to a fully infarcted testicle with no evidence of torsion on subsequent surgical exploration. He ultimately did require an orchiectomy. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: While extremely rare, testicular ischemia or infarct must be considered in patients presenting with testicular pain shortly after inguinal hernia repair. Emergent surgical evaluation and loosening of the hernia mesh may be required to salvage the testicle.
Mindfulness meditation, which is described as a process of bringing awareness to moment-to-moment experience, has been receiving substantial scientific attention as a process that can be stress and health protective (Brown, Ryan, \& Creswell, 2007). Recent reviews by Baer (2003), Bishop (2002), and Grossman et al (2004) support the effectiveness of the standardized and manualized MBSR program in reducing stress and functional disability in a variety of chronic illnesses, although no studies have tested if MBSR impacts clinical markers of HIV, although some evidence suggests that MBSR improves some markers of innate immunity and quality of life in HIV-infected adults (see Robinson, Mathews, \& Witek-Janusek, 2003). In this study, we propose to extend this work by investigating the impact of this intervention on biological and functional health status in HIV-positive adults.

We propose to determine whether the 8-week MBSR program is more effective than a one-day MBSR seminar in: (1) maintaining immune resistance in HIV infection (i.e. maintaining counts of CD4+ T lymphocytes and reducing HIV viral load), and (2) improving HIV-related quality of life. Additional analyses will test for a dose-response effect of MBSR by examining if MBSR class attendance and daily meditation practice are associated with the primary and secondary outcomes. These aims will be tested in a sample of 50 HIV-positive adults that is diverse with respect to ethnicity, gender and sexual orientation.
Renal Impairment

No adjustment to the starting dose of XELODA is recommended in patients with mild renal impairment (creatinine clearance = 51 to 80 mL/min [Cockroft and Gault, as shown below]). In patients with moderate renal impairment (baseline creatinine clearance = 30 to 50 mL/min), a dose reduction to 75% of the XELODA starting dose when used as monotherapy or in combination with docetaxel (from 1250 mg/m2 to 950 mg/m2 twice daily) is recommended [see Use in Specific Populations (8.7) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. Subsequent dose adjustment is recommended as outlined in Table 2 and Table 3 (depending on the regimen) if a patient develops a grade 2 to 4 adverse event [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]. The starting dose adjustment recommendations for patients with moderate renal impairment apply to both XELODA monotherapy and XELODA in combination use with docetaxel.

Geriatrics

Physicians should exercise caution in monitoring the effects of XELODA in the elderly. Insufficient data are available to provide a dosage recommendation.
Up to 12 subjects will be enrolled at 1 study center. Subjects will be enrolled into 2 groups. Group A will receive treatments on the face, neck, and/or body. Group B will receive split-face treatments where each side of the face may be treated with different tips. Subjects will attend a screening/pretreatment visit which may be performed on the same day as the treatment visit. Subjects may receive up to 5 treatments.
Untimely or improper treatment of traumatic bleeding may cause secondary injuries and even death. The traditional hemostatic modes can no longer meet requirements of coping with complicated bleeding emergencies. With scientific and technological advancements, a variety of topical hemostatic materials have been investigated involving inorganic, biological, polysaccharide, and carbon-based hemostatic materials. These materials have their respective merits and defects. In this work, the application and mechanism of the major hemostatic materials, especially some hemostatic nanomaterials with excellent adhesion, good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and high adsorption capacity, are summarized. In the future, it is the prospect to develop multifunctional hemostatic materials with hemostasis and antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties for promoting wound healing.
The primary objective is to directly compare the efficacy of acamprosate, naltrexone and placebo for relapse prevention in alcoholics. The secondary objective is to establish an association between patients' motivational type and drug effects. The aim is to improve alcoholism treatment by identifying characteristics for response to specific pharmacological relapse prevention. Such items could allow for an individually adapted pharmacotherapy of alcoholism. Specifically, we will study the possible dependence of the efficacy of naltrexone and/or acamprosate on different motivational types (reward versus relief craving) and genetic profiles referring to glutamatergic and opioidergic candidate genes. Lastly, the longterm costs and cost-effectiveness of the different treatment strategies for alcoholics chosen in our study are established.
Group I - 16 patients undergoing general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation, during the induction of anaesthesia, the patients will be administered a muscle relaxant from the depolarising group (Chlorsuccilin®) for the endotracheal intubation procedure (using precurarisation). This is a method of pharmacologically preventing the muscle fasciculations characteristic of depolarising agents. For this purpose, a low-dose muscle relaxant from the non-depolarising group - (rocuronium, Esmeron®) will be administered just before the actual dose of the depolarising agent. No muscle relaxant will be used during the actual procedure, but the level of muscle relaxation will be continuously monitored through the use of the NMT - TOF % technique (a method of measuring neuromuscular excitability that allows real-time assessment of muscle strength).
Objective: To describe acute calcareous corneal degeneration as a complication of chronic graft-versus-host disease. Materials and methods: Clinical case and review of the literature. Results: We presented a case of bilateral acute calcareous corneal degeneration in a patient with chronic graft-versus-host disease. Conclusions: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) occurs in 50-70% of bone marrow transplantation patients, the most frequent ocular complication being keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). Calcareous corneal degeneration is a type of calcium deposition that can be secondary to chronic ocular inflammation or dry eye, but there are few cases reported of acute calcareous corneal degeneration and recurrent perforation in cGVHD. Abbreviations: GVHD = Chronic graft-versus-host disease, aGVHD = Acute graft-versus-host disease, cGVHD = Chronic graft-versus-host disease, KCS = Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, PKP = Penetrating keratoplasty, AMT = Amniotic membrane transplantation, PRGF = Plasma rich in growth factors, OD = Right eye, OS = Left eye.
Objective: Biofilm infections in chronic wounds are common and pose a significant clinical challenge. This challenge was addressed by developing the SoftOx Biofilm Eradicator (SBE) composed of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and acetic acid with strong broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Approach: First-in-human study investigating the safety and tolerability as primary endpoints and wound size effect and antimicrobial efficacy as secondary endpoints of SBE treatment in chronic leg wound patients. The study was divided into two as follows: a randomized, double-blinded, Single Ascending Dose (SAD) phase (n = 16 SBE; n = 4 placebo), where patients were treated with SBE or saline (placebo) only once, followed by an open-label, Multiple Ascending Dose (MAD) phase (n = 8), where patients were treated with SBE once daily or twice daily over five days. Reporting is according to CONSORT guidelines. Results: SBE was safe and well-tolerated in chronic leg wound patients. There were no significant differences in pain during and after treatment with SBE or the placebo. The SBE treatment reduced bioburden in wounds compared to baseline, with 98% and 49% median reduction after SBE or placebo treatment, respectively. A dose-dependent trend in absolute wound size reduction was observed in the MAD groups with a median (min, max) change of -2.99 (-14.25, -1.5) cm2 in the once-daily and -10.48 (-17.95, -0.38) cm2 in the twice-daily group, respectively. Innovation and Conclusion: This study demonstrated the safe use of HOCl-based SBE in chronic leg wounds with promising trends of immediate antimicrobial action and beneficial effect on wound healing.
Patients in the experimental arm will be ordered a multigene pharmacogenomics test. This DNA test requires a blood draw, with the results expected to be reported in the medical record approximately 7 to 14 calendar days after the blood draw. These results will be made available to Geisinger healthcare professionals that have a treatment relationship with study participants.
A nutritional supplement for promoting the health of salivary glands and supporting the normal or healthy swallowing in a person includes ingredients obtainable from turmeric, ginger, and horseradish. The nutritional supplement may also be used to treat symptoms such as symptoms of a common cold, a sore throat, congestion, mucositis, laryngitis, arthritis, mucous membrane inflammation and sialorrhea is disclosed. This nutritional supplement can be orally administered a person. The nutritional supplement may further include optional ingredients such as ingredients obtainable from slippery elm bark powder and green tea, as well as other optional ingredients. This nutritional supplement may further include a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for oral administration. A method of promoting the health of salivary glands, supporting the normal or healthy swallowing and/or treating sialorrhea in a person involves administering the nutritional supplement orally to a person one to six times daily, as needed. A method of treating symptoms of a common cold, a sore throat, congestion, laryngitis, mucositis, sialorrhea, arthritis and mucous membrane inflammation involves administering the nutritional supplement of the present invention orally to a patient one to fifteen times daily, as needed. To achieve the best effect, the nutritional supplement should be held in the mouth of a patient for 5 to 60 minutes. A method of administering this nutritional supplement to a carrier carrying viruses to inhibit or exterminate the viruses includes the step of administering the nutritional supplement to the carrier.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine. The traditional Chinese medicine in a formula comprises, by weight, 30 g of cornu cervi pantotrichum, 10 g of rhizoma dioscoreae, 10 g of herba epimedii, 15 g of eucommia ulmoides, 15 g of semen cuscutae, 8 g of rhizoma drynariae and 9 g of rhizoma cibotii. Lumbago due to kidney deficiency mostly appears as continuous lumbago and non-stop aching and limp, patients suffering from the lumbago prefer massage and rubbing and also suffer from accompanying weak leg knees, and the lumbago becomes severe when the patients are tired and often repeatedly attacks the patients. The patients have accompanying pale complexion, non-moisture hands and feet, light tongues and deep and thready pulse when suffering from kidney-yang deficiency; the patients have accompanying vexation, insomnia, dry mouths and throats, flushed faces, feverish palms and soles, red tongues and thready rapid pulse when suffering from kidney-yin deficiency. Effects only can be realized for kidney deficiency by the aid of diet adjustment methods. The traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages that effects of nourishing livers and kidneys, boosting essence and blood, nourishing yin, tonifying yang, relaxing muscles and stimulating blood circulation can be effectively realized by the traditional Chinese medicine; the traditional Chinese medicine is suitable to be eaten by people who suffer from cough due to kidney deficiency, spermatorrhea, impotence, lumbago, weak feet, frequent urination and dry feces.