anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: The safety and efficacy of bubble continuous positive airway pressure (bCPAP) for treatment of childhood severe pneumonia outside tertiary care hospitals is uncertain. We did a cluster-randomised effectiveness trial of locally made bCPAP compared with WHO-recommended low-flow oxygen therapy in children with severe pneumonia and hypoxaemia in general hospitals in Ethiopia.
METHODS: This open, cluster-randomised trial was done in 12 general (secondary) hospitals in Ethiopia. We randomly assigned six hospitals to bCPAP as first-line respiratory support for children aged 1-59 months who presented with severe pneumonia and hypoxaemia and six hospitals to standard low-flow oxygen therapy. Cluster (hospital) randomisation was stratified by availability of mechanical ventilation. All children received treatment in paediatric wards (in a dedicated corner in front of a nursing station) with a similar level of facilities (equipment for oxygen therapy and medications) and staffing (overall, one nurse per six patients and one general practitioner per 18 patients) in all hospitals. All children received additional care according to WHO guidelines, supervised by paediatricians and general practitioners. The primary outcome was treatment failure (defined as any of the following: peripheral oxygen saturation <85% at any time after at least 1 h of intervention plus signs of respiratory distress; indication for mechanical ventilation; death during hospital stay or within 72 h of leaving hospital against medical advice; or leaving hospital against medical advice during intervention). The analysis included all children enrolled in the trial. We performed both unadjusted and adjusted analyses of the primary outcome, with the latter adjusted for the stratification variable and for the design effect of cluster randomisation, as well as selected potentially confounding variables, including age. We calculated effectiveness as the relative risk (RR) of the outcomes in the bCPAP group versus low-flow oxygen group. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT03870243, and is completed.
FINDINGS: From June 8, 2021, to July 27, 2022, 1240 children were enrolled (620 in hospitals allocated to bCPAP and 620 in hospitals allocated to low-flow oxygen). Cluster sizes ranged from 103 to 104 children. Five (0·8%) of 620 children in the bCPAP group had treatment failure compared with 21 (3·4%) of 620 children in the low-flow oxygen group (unadjusted RR 0·24, 95% CI 0·09-0·63, p=0·0015; adjusted RR 0·24, 0·07-0·87, p=0·030). Six children died during hospital stay, all of whom were in the low-flow oxygen group (p=0·031). No serious adverse events were attributable to bCPAP.
INTERPRETATION: In Ethiopian general hospitals, introduction of locally made bCPAP, supervised by general practitioners and paediatricians, was associated with reduced risk of treatment failure and in-hospital mortality in children with severe pneumonia and hypoxaemia compared with use of standard low-flow oxygen therapy. Implementation research is required in higher mortality settings to consolidate our findings.
FUNDING: SIDA Sweden and Grand Challenges Ethiopia.
HSP110 is involved in multiple tumorigenic processes, but no inhibitor was known to date. The inventors have identified for the first time HSP110 inhibitors. These inhibitors bind directly to the nucleotide binding domain of HSP110 and then blocks the phosphorylation of STAT3, cancer cell growth or MyD88 stability. The present invention relates to a compound of general formula (I) for use in the treatment of a HSP 110-associated cancer, for example colorectal cancer and lymphoma. Especially the inventors tested the compound on two different colorectal mice models, a syngeneic model for which mouse colon cancer CT-26 cells were injected into Balb/c mice and a NOD/ SCID model in which mice were implanted with human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells. In those animals bearing a tumor, the compound induced tumor regression that was associated with the inhibition of other HSP110 reported tumorigenic functions (resistance to apoptosis, induction of pro-tumor macrophages). Further, the inventors also tested the compound on large B cell lymphoma cell lines (DLBCL). Specifically, the compound is able to alter the interaction between HSP110 and MyD88, which induces a degradation of the oncogene MyD88. Additionally, is has been showed that the compound act synergistically with other anticancer agents, including with tyrosine kinase inhibitors like Ibrutinib.
PURPOSE: To prepare a new indenesulfonamide derivative having antineoplastic activity and useful, particularly, for the treatment of solid cancer and solid tumors as antitumor agents suitable also to oral administration.  
     CONSTITUTION: A compd. of formula I (A is formulae II to III; R 1  is a halogen or H; R 2  is a halogen or CF 3 ) or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof such as N-[[(4-chlorophenyl)amino]carbonyl]indene-5- sulfonamide. The compd. is produced by bringing a compd. of formula IV to react with a compd. of formula V in the presence of an acid supplemental agent or bringing a compd. of formula VI to react with a compd. of formula VII or bringing a reaction product of a compd. of formula VII with a compd. of the formula XCOOR 3  (X is Br or Cl; R 3  is a 1-3C alkyl) to react with a compd. of formula VI. Furthermore, the compd. is useful, particularly for the treatment of solid cancer in the overium, large cell lung, stomach, pancrea, prostate, nephrocyte, nipple, colon, small cell lung, melanoma, head, neck, or the like and solid tumors including sarcomas such as Kaposi's sarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. 
     COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO
For adults, COLESTID Tablets are recommended in doses of 2 to 16 grams/day given once or in divided doses. The starting dose should be 2 grams once or twice daily. Dosage increases of 2 grams, once or twice daily should occur at 1- or 2-month intervals. Appropriate use of lipid profiles as per NCEP guidelines including LDL-C and triglycerides, is advised so that optimal but not excessive doses are used to obtain the desired therapeutic effect on LDL-C level. If the desired therapeutic effect is not obtained at a dose of 2 to 16 grams/day with good compliance and acceptable side effects, combined therapy or alternate treatment should be considered.

COLESTID Tablets must be taken one at a time and be promptly swallowed whole, using plenty of water or other appropriate liquid. Do not cut, crush, or chew the tablets. Patients should take other drugs at least one hour before or four hours after COLESTID Tablets to minimize possible interference with their absorption. (See DRUG INTERACTIONS.)
NEW MATERIAL:The compound of formulaI(R is H, lower alkyl or benzyl; R<1> and R<2> are H or lower alkyl; X is lower alkoxy, benzyloxy, amino or hydoxyl). EXAMPLE:2-[p-(7-Methoxy-2-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridyl)phenyl]propionic acid. USE:It has analgesic activity, blood platelet coagulation inhibiting activity, and uric acid eliminating activity, and is useful as drugs. PROCESS:The compound of formula IV which is a compound of formulaIwherein X is other than hydroxyl group, can be prepared by reacting the compound of formula II with the compound of formula III (X' is lower alkoxy, etc.; Hal is halogen) in an inert solvent such as methanol at about 0-160 deg.C. The reaction proceeds smoothly by using sodium hydroxide, etc. to remove the hydrogen halide produced during the reaction.
Hypersensitivity to catecholamines has been observed in patients withdrawn from beta-blocker therapy. Occasional cases of exacerbation of angina pectoris, arrhythmias and, in some cases, myocardial infarction have been reported after abrupt discontinuation of beta-blocker therapy. Therefore, it is prudent when discontinuing chronically administered sotalol hydrochloride tablets, particularly in patients with ischemic heart disease, to carefully monitor the patient and consider the temporary use of an alternate beta-blocker if appropriate. If possible, the dosage of sotalol hydrochloride tablets should be gradually reduced over a period of one to two weeks. If angina or acute coronary insufficiency develops, appropriate therapy should be instituted promptly. Patients should be warned against interruption or discontinuation of therapy without the physician's advice. Because coronary artery disease is common and may be unrecognized in patients receiving sotalol hydrochloride tablets, abrupt discontinuation in patients with arrhythmias may unmask latent coronary insufficiency.

Non-Allergic Bronchospasm (e.g., chronic bronchitis and emphysema)

PATIENTS WITH BRONCHOSPASTIC DISEASES SHOULD IN GENERAL NOT RECEIVE BETA-BLOCKERS.

It is prudent, if sotalol hydrochloride tablets are to be administered, to use the smallest effective dose, so that inhibition of bronchodilation produced by endogenous or exogenous catecholamine stimulation of beta2 receptors may be minimized.
Between November 2011 and January 2017, medical records of all women with ≥stage II cystocele who underwent 20 min pad testing and urodynamic studies in a medical center were reviewed. Woman were defined as having DU when Qmax was \<12 mL/s and PdetQmax was \<10 cmH2O during voiding cystometry.
PURPOSE: The involvement of the anterior commissure (AC) is regarded to be a risk factor for poor results after transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) for early glottic cancer. The objective of this study was to determine how AC-related clinical and radiological factors affected oncological outcomes in a cohort of patients with T1 stage early glottic carcinoma involving the anterior commissure who were treated with TLM with negative surgical margins.
METHODS: Retrospective analysis was performed on clinical, radiological, and follow-up data of patients consecutively treated with TLM at a tertiary academic center between November 2011 and August 2021 for T1 glottic squamous cell carcinoma involving the anterior commissure. Recurrence-free survival (RFS), local control with laser alone (LCL), laryngeal preservation (LP), and overall survival (OS) rates (Kaplan-Meier) were the primary outcome metrics.
RESULTS: In our series, 5-year OS probability was 75.1%, RFS was 64.8%, LCL was 73.8%, and LP was 83.4%. OS and RFS were higher in patients with early stages of AC pattern than in patients with advanced stage (p = 0.004, p = 0.034, respectively). Vertical extension ratio was found to be associated with OS and RFS (p = 0.023, p = 0.001, respectively), and thyroid cartilage interlaminar angle with LCL by multiple Cox regression analysis (p = 0.041).
CONCLUSION: TLM remains a valuable treatment option for AC involvement. AC3 type involvement and elevated vertical extension ratio were associated with negative prognosis. There have been signs that thyroid cartilage with a narrow angle increases recurrence. Alternative modalities should be kept in mind in the treatment decision of these cases.
This cohort includes the participants with pathologically confirmed R/R MM and must have received at least 3 prior lines of therapy, including proteasome inhibitors (PIs), immunomodulators (IMiDs), and anti CD38 therapies either in combination or as a single agent; and must not be candidates for regimens known to provide clinical benefit. Participants will receive the recommended Phase 2 Dose (RP2D) of ISB 1442 SC injection determined in Phase 1 of the study for treatment of R/R MM. Each treatment cycle duration is 28 days. The anticipated total duration for each participant will vary, depending on the number of cycles of treatment completed. The treatment phase will extend until participants experience disease progression or unacceptable toxicity, or until any other discontinuation criterion is met.
The present invention provides genetic tags operably linked to transgenes. The expression of the genetic tag allows identification, detection, selection, and ablation of cells expressing the transgene and the genetic tag. In some alternatives the genetically modified host cell comprises a transgene comprising a polynucleotide coding for a chimeric antigen receptor comprising a ligand binding domain, a polynucleotide comprising a spacer region, a polynucleotide comprising a transmembrane domain, and a polynucleotide comprising an intracellular signaling domain and a polynucleotide coding for a genetic tag. In some alternatives the genetically modified host cell comprises a transgene comprising a polynucleotide coding for a chimeric antigen receptor comprising a ligand binding domain, a polynucleotide comprising a spacer region, a polynucleotide comprising a transmembrane domain, and a polynucleotide comprising an intracellular signaling domain and a polynucleotide coding for a genetic tag, and wherein the polypeptide further comprises a flexible linker comprising amino acids GGGSGGGS (SEQ ID NO: 45). Pharmaceutical formulations produced by the method, and methods of using the same, are also described. (Figure 1A)
The efficacy and safety of Reclast in postmenopausal women with osteopenia (low bone mass) was assessed in a 2-year randomized, multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 581 postmenopausal women aged greater than or equal to 45 years, who were stratified by years since menopause: Stratum I women less than 5 years from menopause (n=224); Stratum II women greater than or equal to 5 years from menopause (n=357). Patients within Stratum I and II were randomized to one of three treatment groups: (1) Reclast given at randomization and at Month 12 (n=77) in Stratum I and (n=121) in Stratum II; (2) Reclast given at randomization and placebo at Month 12 (n=70) in Stratum I and (n=111) in Stratum II; and (3) Placebo given at randomization and Month 12 (n=202). Reclast was administered as a single 5 mg dose in 100 mL solution infused over at least 15 minutes. All women received 500 to 1200 mg elemental calcium plus 400 to 800 international units vitamin D supplementation per day. The primary efficacy variable was the percent change of BMD at 24 Months relative to baseline.

Effect on Bone Mineral Density

Reclast significantly increased lumbar spine BMD relative to placebo at Month 24 across both strata. Reclast given once at randomization (and placebo given at Month 12) resulted in 4.0% increase in BMD in Stratum I patients and 4.8% increase in Stratum II patients over 24 months. Placebo given at randomization and at Month 12 resulted in 2.2% decrease in BMD in Stratum I patients and 0.7% decrease in BMD in Stratum II patients over 24 months. Therefore, Reclast given once at randomization (and placebo given at Month 12) resulted in a 6.3% increase in BMD in Stratum I patients and 5.4% increase in Stratum II patients over 24 months as compared to placebo (both p < 0.0001).

Reclast also significantly increased total hip BMD relative to placebo at Month 24 across both strata. Reclast given once at randomization (and placebo given at Month 12) resulted in 2.6% increase in BMD in Stratum I patients and 2.1% in Stratum II patients over 24 months. Placebo given at randomization and at Month 12 resulted in 2.1% decrease in BMD in Stratum I patients and 1.0% decrease in BMD in Stratum II patients over 24 months. Therefore, Reclast given once at randomization (and placebo given at Month 12) resulted in a 4.7% increase in BMD in Stratum I patients and 3.2% increase in Stratum II patients over 24 months as compared to placebo (both p < 0.0001).
Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common cause of physical disability in childhood and affects \~1 in 323 in the US per the CDC. The lifetime medical costs for an individual with CP was expected to be \~$1.4 million (inflation adjusted). An effective way to improve quality of life and decrease disease burden, both in childhood and adulthood, is to significantly reduce or eliminate abnormal tone. As muscle tone subsides, it is easier to move the body both passively and actively. A reduction in tone can improve quality of life, reduce pain, ease the burden of daily care and performance of day-to-day activities, and reduce healthcare costs. Intrathecal baclofen ( ITB) is used widely to manage dystonia in CP even though the data on exact efficacy is mixed. Therefore, the goal of this study, is to understand the effects of ITB on a heterogenous population of children with dystonic CP.

The goal of the proposed research is to complete a longitudinal prospective cohort study investigating the effects of intrathecal baclofen (ITB) on children with dystonic cerebral palsy (CP). This study builds on new preliminary data and capitalizes on the expertise of an established transdisciplinary team, a high-resource academic clinical environment, and a diverse Parent-Patient Council. The study's findings are likely to have high impact to improve future treatment of children with dystonic CP, including identifying key patient characteristics associated with more or less positive outcomes and developing a sensitive, efficient multidimensional composite measure to assess treatment responsiveness. Specifically, this protocol aims to determine the 12-month effects of ITB in a cohort of 65 clinically representative, ITB naïve, children with dystonic CP using a standardized titration protocol. Additionally, this protocol aims to complete a detailed characterization of brain malformation and injury patterns in children with dystonic CP and explore potential differences in outcome patterns as related to patient characteristics and use findings to guide development of a sensitive multidimensional or composite measure that captures clinically important areas of change for the child and family.

Our study site will be Texas Children's Hospital (TCH) in Houston, TX, our PI Sruthi Thomas' home institution. TCH has over 860 active patients with CP and just over 200 patients with ITB. Houston, TX, is the most diverse city in the United States, allowing us to recruit a very diverse patient population based on ethnicity and socioeconomic groups.
A preparation method of a sugar-responsive functionalized nano-composite micelle and an application thereof in insulin delivery. The three block copolymers PCL-b-PEG, PCL-b-P (Asp-co-AspPBA) and PCL-b-P (Asp-co-AspNTA) are self-assembled to form the composite micelle taking PCL as a core and PEG/PAPBA/PANTA as a mixed shell layer. Segment PANTA of modified NTA binds Zn by chelation 2+ Reuse of Zn 2+ Coordination with histidine in the B chain of insulin captures insulin. The segment PAPBA with PBA forms a hydrophobic domain under neutral or sugarless conditions. Captured insulin incubation oneAnd binding to a hydrophobic domain for a while, and loading the insulin on the composite micelle through coordination and hydrophobic synergistic action. Under the condition of high sugar, the hydrophobic domain is changed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic, the acting force of the composite micelle and insulin is weakened, and the insulin is released to play a role.
The patient presented with left-sided chemosis, exophthalmos, and progressive visual loss. Cerebral angiography ed a left orbital arteriovenous malformation and an associated hematoma, with the point of fistulation between the left ophthalmic artery and the anterior section of the inferior ophthalmic vein, with retrograde flow through the superior ophthalmic vein. Transvenous embolization through the anterior facial and angular veins was unsuccessful, with residual shunting. Stereotactic-guided direct venous puncture and Onyx embolization was subsequently performed in the hybrid operating room (OR) to cure the fistula. A subciliary incision allowed for retraction of the orbital contents, creating an optimal trajectory. An endonasal endoscopic approach was performed after the embolization to decompress the orbit. This procedure is shown in video 11-11 neurintsurg;16/4/429/V1F1V1Video 1 .
BACKGROUND: The American Thyroid Association guidelines primarily recommend central neck dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma with advanced primary tumors or clinically positive neck nodes. However, the appropriate extent of dissection remains unclear. We aimed to compare the rate of locoregional recurrence between unilateral and bilateral central neck dissection in invasive papillary thyroid carcinoma.
METHODS: Among 330 consecutive patients who underwent total thyroidectomy with central neck dissection for advanced papillary thyroid carcinoma, 212 underwent unilateral central neck dissection (UCND group) while 118 underwent bilateral central neck dissection (BCND group). We performed 1:1 propensity score matching, resulting in 99 matched pairs. Surgical outcomes and safety were compared between the two groups. Additionally, the impact of surgery on locoregional recurrence was compared using survival analysis.
RESULTS: During a follow-up of 47.8 ± 20.4 months, 29 (8.8%) patients experienced locoregional recurrence within the entire study cohort. Following propensity score matching, no significant difference in recurrence-free survival was observed between the two groups (log-rank p = 0.516). Multivariate analysis revealed that only T4 staging was an independent risk factor for locoregional recurrence (p = 0.006). The mean number of total and metastatic central lymph nodes retrieved were significantly greater in BCND group (14.1 vs. 9.3, p < 0.001 and 6.8 vs. 4.6, p = 0.005, respectively). There was no significant difference in postoperative stimulated thyroglobulin levels between the two groups (0.79 ng/mL vs. 1.44 ng/mL, p = 0.389).
CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates no prognostic benefit in conducting bilateral central neck dissection. Unilateral central neck dissection may be the preferred choice for clinically invasive papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Participants (n=17) ingest milk and dairy products made from cows homozygous for beta casein A2 during 3 months. These products are also enriched in insaturated fatty acids and selenium. The daily intake reflects the habitual consumption habits. Recommended amounts are 250 mL of milk, a yogurt and 50 g fresh cheese per day.
Serum potassium should be measured before initiating eplerenone therapy, within the first week and at one month after the start of treatment or dose adjustment. Serum potassium should be assessed periodically thereafter. Patient characteristics and serum potassium levels may indicate that additional monitoring is appropriate. [See WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS, 5.1 Hyperkalemia , ADVERSE REACTIONS, 6.2 Clinical Laboratory Test Findings .] In the EPHESUS study [See CLINICAL STUDIES, 14.1 Congestive Heart Failure Post-Myocardial Infarction ], the majority of hyperkalemia was observed within the first three months after randomization.

In all patients taking eplerenone who start taking a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor, check serum potassium and serum creatinine in 3 to 7 days.
Participants (N=50) who endorse insomnia will be followed for 8 weeks. All participants will be asked to download a separate app to passively monitor sleep that will inform the personalized messages. Participants will also be asked to respond to daily prompts in order to validate the passive sleep data. The study includes two phases: (1) a training and validation phase and (2) an intervention phase. During phase 1, participants' sleep habits and other behaviors will be monitored for two weeks in order to validate and optimize the SMS personalized sleep intervention (PSI). In phase 2, participants will be transitioned to the intervention phase of the study.