anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Endometrial cancer, the most common gynaecological cancer worldwide, is closely linked to obesity and metabolic diseases, particularly in younger women. New circulating biomarkers have the potential to improve diagnosis and treatment selections, which could significantly improve outcomes. Our approach focuses on extracellular vesicle (EV) biomarker discovery by directly profiling the proteome of EVs enriched from frozen biobanked endometrial tumours. We analysed nine tissue samples to compare three clinical subgroups-low BMI (Body Mass Index) Endometrioid, high BMI Endometrioid, and Serous (any BMI)-identifying proteins related to histological subtype, BMI, and shared secreted proteins. Using collagenase digestion and size exclusion chromatography, we successfully enriched generous quantities of EVs (range 204.8-1291.0 µg protein: 1.38 × 1011-1.10 × 1012 particles), characterised by their size (∼150 nm), expression of EV markers (CD63/81), and proposed endometrial cancer markers (L1CAM, ANXA2). Mass spectrometry-based proteomic profiling identified 2075 proteins present in at least one of the 18 samples. Compared to cell lysates, EVs were successfully depleted for mitochondrial and blood proteins and enriched for common EV markers and large secreted proteins. Further analysis highlighted significant differences in EV protein profiles between the high BMI subgroup and others, underlining the impact of comorbidities on the EV secretome. Interestingly, proteins differentially abundant in tissue subgroups were largely not also differential in matched EVs. This research identified secreted proteins known to be involved in endometrial cancer pathophysiology and proposed novel diagnostic biomarkers (EIF6, MUC16, PROM1, SLC26A2).
MD will perform PSGB using Lidocaine. The PGSB will be performed after the administration of the 4th shock if the 3rd shock was unsuccessful in restoring a stable perfusing rhythm, considering all the shocks administered both by an AED or by manual defibrillator. PSGB will be performed after all the actions provided in the ACLS algorithm and which are considered useful in the clinical situation (intubation and ventilation, administration of iv/io adrenaline, amiodarone or lidocaine, use of mechanical chest compression, etc.).
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the efficacy and safety of subcutaneously (SC) administered tranexamic acid.
METHODS: A retrospective chart review of the use of SC tranexamic acid in a single palliative care centre. We reviewed the use of this approach since it was introduced in our locality 2 years ago. All clinical notes, medication administration records and infusion monitoring documentation were examined to ascertain therapeutic aim, efficacy and tolerability.
RESULTS: SC tranexamic acid was administered to 22 patients. The most common causes of bleeding were coagulopathy (5), bleeding tumours (9) and thrombocytopaenia (5). The therapeutic aim was either to prevent (6) or treat (16) bleeding and was achieved in 17/22 patients. During this 2-year period, our experience evolved resulting in a greater use of short bolus infusions to achieve more rapid control of bleeding events. Both short and continuous SC infusions were well tolerated with no instances of SC site reactions. One patient developed a suspected arterial thrombus in the last hours of life around the time of converting from oral (PO) to SC tranexamic acid.
CONCLUSIONS: SC administration of tranexamic acid appears to be an effective and well tolerated alternative option for the palliative management of bleeding when the PO and intravenous routes are not available. Further research is needed to clarify tranexamic acid's safety in palliative populations.
The surgical approach to the hip is reportedly an important factor influencing implant stability and postsurgical muscle functioning. Reviewing the literature, controversial studies towards minimally invasive hip surgery can be found. Currently, none of the approaches can be considered superior, but the trend is towards minimally invasive techniques, as it is generally accepted that muscle trauma and damage of the periarticular structures should be minimized. However, a surgical approach that causes no damage to surrounding muscle is unrealistic. Whether the muscle is stretched, transacted or partially torn, injury will occur.

Aim of the present investigation is to analyse the amount of muscle trauma in relation to the surgical approach and to the individual postoperative functional recovery. The investigation will compare the MIS anterior approach with the MIS anterolateral approach to the hip. The investigators questioned, which technique would be the less invasive? Pain and functional performance will be measured using the Harris Hip Score, the Western Ontario McMaster, and the UCLA (University of California) Activity Score. Subject quality-of-life will be determined by evaluation the Short-Form 36 Health Survey. Standard radiographs of the hip are required to be captured before surgery and at 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. MRI scans will be performed to evaluate tendon defects, fatty atrophy and changes in the muscle cross-sectional area. Next, the patients will be referred for hip sonography, performed by a radiologist who is experienced in imaging of the musculoskeletal system who will be unaware of the clinical examination results of the patients. Moreover gait analyses will be performed preoperatively, 3 and 12 months after surgery. Pre- and postoperative standard blood tests and specific serum trauma markers will be obtained.
INTRODUCTION: Machine learning (ML) models may offer a novel solution to reducing postoperative complication rates and improving post-surgical outcomes after total joint arthroplasty (TJA). However, the variety of different ML models that exist paired with the increasing number of potential inputs can make the implementation of this tool challenging. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to assess the most optimal inputs of different ML models in predicting postoperative (1) medical outcomes, (2) orthopedic outcomes, and (3) patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) after total joint arthroplasty.
METHODS: The PubMed, MEDLINE, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar databases were utilized to identify all studies evaluating ML models predicting outcomes following TJA between January 1, 2000, and June 23, 2023 (PROSPERO study protocol registration: CRD42023437586). The mean risk of bias in non-randomized studies-of interventions score, was 13.8 ± 0.5. Our initial query yielded 656 articles, of which 25 articles aligned with our aims, examining over 20 machine learning models and 1,555,300 surgeries. The area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, inputs, and the importance of each input were reported.
RESULTS: Twelve studies evaluating medical complications with 13 ML models reported AUCs ranging from 0.57 to 0.997 and accuracy between 88% and 99.98%. Key predictors included age, hyper-coagulopathy, total number of diagnoses, admission month, and malnutrition. Five studies evaluating orthopedic complications with 10 ML models reported AUCs from 0.49 to 0.93 and accuracy ranging from 92 to 97%, with age, BMI, CCI, AKSS scores, and height identified as key predictors. Ten studies evaluating PROMs comprising of 12 different ML models had an AUC ranging from 0.453 to 0.97 ranked preoperative PROMs as the post-predictive input. Overall, age was the most predictive risk factor for complications post-total joint arthroplasty (TJA).
CONCLUSION: These studies demonstrate the predictive capabilities of these models for anticipating complications and outcomes. Furthermore, these studies also highlight ML models' ability to identify non-classical variables not commonly considered in addition to confirming variables known to be crucial. To advance the field, forthcoming research should adhere to established guidelines for model development and training, employ industry-standard input parameters, and subject their models to external validity assessments.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious condition associated with premature mortality, decrease quality of life, and increase health-care costs. An estimated 19 million Americans (1 in 9 US adults) have non-dialysis dependent CKD (Stages 1-4).1 The health care expenditures for caring for patients with CKD are substantial. According to Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), the estimated annual health cost per patient for managing patients with CKD is markedly higher ($28,000) compared to the costs for caring for diabetic patients ($10,000 per patient) and heart failure patients ($5000 per patient). 2 According to the National Kidney Foundation, as renal function declines, the number of renal complications, notably high blood pressure, anemia, malnutrition, and mineral and bone disorders, increases along with the severity. A large proportion of patients with CKD also develop multiple co-morbidities, particularly hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Fortunately, accumulating evidence indicates that treatment of earlier stages of chronic kidney disease can prevent the development of kidney failure (Stage 5)3. In addition, early prevention of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with CKD may reduce cardiovascular events before and after the onset of kidney failure.3 Because many patients, particularly in the later stages of CKD, have multiple renal complications and chronic co-morbidities, these patients are potentially at high risk of medication non-adherence and non-persistence (defined as premature discontinuation of medication therapy). Studies have demonstrated that patients with chronic diseases typically take only 50% of prescribed doses of medication, leading to increased disease severity, clinic visits, and hospital admissions, resulting in substantial healthcare expenditures.4,5 In the United States alone, the cost of illness, due to non-adherence was estimated to be $170 billion per year.6 In addition, the associated total cost of treating the complications resulting from poor adherence in dialysis and transplant patients exceeds $950 million.7 Potential barriers to medication adherence for patients with chronic diseases include, but are not limited to, complex medication regimens, multiple drug doses, treatment of asymptomatic conditions, and cognitive factors. Although not well-studied in pre-dialysis patients, limited data suggests that important causes of medication non-adherence in chronic dialysis patients include inadequate prescription coverage or high medication costs, lack of transportation, and adverse effects. 8
Receive 0.7mg dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex) at baseline visit. Monthly review with repeat administration of intravitreal treatment every three months for DMO and laser as clinically indicated.
Eligible patients will receive ultrasound guided placement of magnetic seeds (Magseed®) within the cortex of the sampled lymph node and epicenter of the breast tumor by radiologists before commencement of neoadjuvant treatment. Chemotherapeutic regimes will be determined by oncologists in charge. During the period of neoadjuvant treatment, patients will be followed up by oncologists and surgeons with clinical assessment of tumor response according to our usual practice. After completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, recruited patients will receive mammography and ultrasonography assessment before surgery. Breast conservative surgery with targeted axillary dissection will be offered when feasible. In patients not suitable for breast conservative surgery, mastectomy and targeted axillary dissection with or without immediate breast reconstruction will be offered.

Patient will receive localization of previously marked axillary lymph node and breast tumor and sentinel lymph node biopsy by magnetic means completely, i.e. by the use if magnetic seeds and superparamagnetic iron oxide injection. Radioisotope with Tc-99 is injected prior to operation as backup plan for sentinel lymph node biopsy. The clipped lymph node and sentinel lymph nodes are sent for frozen section analysis. If any of the lymph nodes is positive for malignancy, axillary dissection will be performed. Similarly, the breast tumor will be resected with guidance of magnetometer and specimen mammogram will confirm the presence of tumor and magnetic seeds.
Memantine Hydrochloride

The majority of people with Alzheimer’s disease are 65 years and older. In the clinical study of memantine hydrochloride extended-release, the mean age of patients was approximately 77 years; over 91% of patients were 65 years of age and older, 67% were 75 years of age and older, and 14% were 85 years of age and older. The efficacy and safety data presented in the clinical trials section were obtained from these patients. There were no clinically meaningful differences in most adverse events reported by patients ≥ 65 years old and < 65 years old.

Donepezil Hydrochloride

The mean age of patients enrolled in the clinical studies with donepezil hydrochloride was 73 years; 80% of these patients were between 65 and 84 years of age, and 49% of patients 75 years of age and older. The efficacy and safety data presented in the clinical trials section were obtained from these patients. There were no clinically significant differences in most adverse events reported by patients ≥ 65 years old and < 65 years old.
Preterm infants' growth and developmental outcomes vary with illness severity and degree of neurological insult and unpredictable variations in outcomes exist even among healthy preterm infants. The variations in preterm infants' outcomes have led to the supposition that the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) environment may negatively impact the health and development of these infants and significant research has been devoted to examination of light, noise, and caregiving interventions. Consequently, many NICUs have implemented neuroprotective strategies to reduce over simulation, promote sleep and facilitate brain development in high-risk infants including the grouping of care activities around a single caregiving event described as "clustering" or "bundling care". Yet, the number and type of caregiving activities that are included in bundled care and the timeframe between bundled care events has not been systematically studied. The inclusion and exclusion of certain care activities in any individual care event is often dictated by the infant's treatment plan or needs, but some activities like diapering may be optional. Understanding the impact of when to include optional, yet stress provoking interventions, will allow us to minimize overall environmental stress in hospitalized very low birthweight (VLBW) infants. Therefore, given the lack of data around bundled care, the investigators aim to explore through a randomized controlled design the impact of bundling diaper care activities on overall health of VLBW preterm infants. The investigators will include a focus on skin health because it is important to understand the benefits of decreased infant stress and any potential skin health trade-offs associated with longer versus shorter time between diapering care. Findings from this study will allow us to better understand the relationship between neonatal skin health while providing developmentally appropriate bundled care.
The invention discloses a Miao medicine for treating epilepsy, and relates to a medicine preparation product. The Miao medicine has a formula prepared from the following medicinal materials in parts by weight: 1000-1100 parts of rhizome of manyleaf paris, 600-650 parts of snakegourd fruit, 100-110 parts of scorpion and 200-220 parts of white silkworm. A preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, cleaning and drying the medicinal materials in the formula respectively, sterilizing by using ultraviolet rays, grinding, and screening through a 60-mesh sieve for later use; secondly, adding white granulated sugar into an earthenware pot, adding water to decoct until small bubbles are generated, adding the standby medicine powder according to proportions of the formula, fully stirring uniformly, and drying; and finally, filling into small bags with 40g per bag, and packaging. The Miao medicine combines the four medicines of rhizome of manyleaf paris, snakegourd fruit, scorpion and white silkworm, and has the effects of expelling wind, relieving spasm and clearing old phlegm and stubborn phlegm, and the cure rate of the epilepsy reaches more than or equal to 95%. The Miao medicine is prepared from natural medicinal materials, is clinically used, is obvious in effect, and is safe and convenient to take. For infant patients, symptoms disappear quickly after taking the medicine, the effect of the medicine is long-term and stable, and relapse seldom happens. The Miao medicine is suitable for treating patients with epilepsy.
Obesity causes 600 premature deaths per week in the UK and existing treatments are less than ideal. Intravenous infusion of a hormone called PYY reduces food intake but its effects only last for a few hours and it can cause nausea. Y242 is a longacting analogue of PYY. Given subcutaneously in rodents, it has a profile of action of at least 72 hours and strongly inhibits food intake. It causes weight loss without behavioural effects. With MRC funding, Y242 has passed Good Laboratory Practice toxicology testing and the present proposal is a first in human study to investigate its safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics in overweight but otherwise healthy men.

The study is a combined single ascending dose (part A) and multiple ascending dose (part B) Phase 1 investigation. The primary objective is to investigate safety and tolerability. The secondary objective is to assess Y242's pharmacokinetic (PK) profile. Possible effects on food consumption will be explored. For part A up to 48 subjects are planned, with up to 40 subjects for part B. In each part subjects are divided into groups, each of which is dosed with the same level, starting with a single dose (part A) much lower than is expected to cause an effect. Subjects are admitted to a Unit so they can be closely observed for adverse effects and safety tests, blood concentrations of the drug and food and liquid intake and output will be monitored. Subjects are allocated at random (like tossing a coin) to receive Y242 or placebo (dummy). Safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetic data will be summarised and available results considered in deciding dose escalation, with stopping rules designed to enable us to explore the relationship between dose and adverse effect (eg nausea) without causing unacceptable nausea or other symptoms in the volunteers.
Complexes (I) of trivalent iron with chondroitin sulphuric acid (II) are new. The iron content of (I) is up to 10 wt. %. (I) are used for treating sideropoenic hypochromic anaemia and iron oleficiency disorders. (I) are completely stable to hydrolysis in strongly acid or alkaline media at ambient temp. They have a higher iron content than the corresp. ferrous cpd. and do not cause gastroenteric side-effects. Toxicity is very low (LD50 >4 g/kg in the rat). They can be administered orally.
In addition to controlling smooth muscle tone in coronary vessels, endothelial cells also influence subjacent cardiomyocyte growth. Because heparanase, with exclusive expression in endothelial cells, enables extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming, and cell survival, it is conceivable that it could also encourage development of cardiac hypertrophy. Global heparanase overexpression resulted in physiologic cardiac hypertrophy, likely an outcome of HSPG clustering and activation of hypertrophic signaling. The heparanase autocrine effect of releasing neuregulin-1 could have also contributed to this overexpression. Hyperglycemia induced by streptozotocin-induced diabetes sensitized the heart to flow-induced release of heparanase and neuregulin-1. Despite this excess secretion, progression of diabetes caused significant gene expression changes related to mitochondrial metabolism and cell death that led to development of pathologic hypertrophy and heart dysfunction. Physiologic cardiac hypertrophy was also observed in rats with cardiomyocyte-specific vascular endothelial growth factor B overexpression. When perfused, hearts from these animals released significantly higher amounts of both heparanase and neuregulin-1. However, subjecting these animals to diabetes triggered robust transcriptome changes related to metabolism and a transition to pathologic hypertrophy. Our data suggest that in the absence of mechanisms that support cardiac energy generation and prevention of cell death, as seen after diabetes, there is a transition from physiologic to pathologic cardiac hypertrophy and a decline in cardiac function.
Melanoma has the highest propensity among solid tumors to metastasize to the brain. Melanoma brain metastases (MBM) are a leading cause of death in melanoma and affect 40-60% of patients with late-stage disease. Therefore, uncovering the molecular mechanisms behind MBM is necessary to enhance therapeutic interventions. Vascular mimicry (VM) is a form of neovascularization linked to invasion, increased risk of metastasis, and poor prognosis in many tumor types, but its significance in MBM remains poorly understood. We found that VM density is elevated in MBM compared to paired extracranial specimens and is associated with tumor volume and CNS edema. In addition, our studies indicate a relevant role of YAP and TAZ, two transcriptional co-factors scarcely studied in melanoma, in tumor cell-vasculogenesis and in brain metastasis. We recently demonstrated activation of the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway and increased degradation of its downstream targets YAP and TAZ in a metastasis impaired cell line model. In the current study we establish the utility of anti-YAP/TAZ therapy in mouse models of metastatic melanoma whereby treatment effectively inhibits VM and prolongs survival of mice with MBM. The data presented herein suggest that VM may be an important and targetable mechanism in melanoma and that VM inhibition might be useful for treating MBM, an area of high unmet clinical need, thus having important implications for future treatment regimens for these patients.