anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR, NR1I3) is a nuclear receptor that plays a central role in hepatic detoxification of potentially toxic compounds, or xenobiotics. Chronic CAR activation by specific agonists induces tumors in wild type mice, and strongly promotes hepatocarcinogenesis in combination with initiating mutagens. Both effects are absent in CAR null mice. These tumorigenic effects are associated with an acute induction of hepatocyte proliferation in mice. Preliminary results using partially humanized mice demonstrate a very similar proliferative effect of CAR activation in human hepatocytes.

The transcriptional activity of CAR can be reversed by specific inverse agonists. These ligands are analogous to steroid receptor antagonists, converting the transcriptional activation of the agonist bound receptor into transcriptional repression. These compounds are termed inverse agonists because they do not depend on the presence of agonist ligands to exert their repressive effects. Mouse and human CAR proteins are more divergent than other nuclear receptors, and respond to quite different profiles of agonists and inverse agonists. Preliminary results demonstrate that the specific mouse CAR inverse agonist androstanol blocks proliferation and induces apoptosis in mouse liver tumors. This raises the possibility that targeting CAR may represent a new modality of treatment for hepatocellular cancer (HCC) analogous to estrogen and androgen receptor antagonists in breast and prostate cancers. Meclizine, a widely used antihistamine medication for vertigo and motion sickness, is an inverse agonist ligand of human CAR. Investigators hypothesize that reversing CAR function with meclizine will have a beneficial therapeutic effect in patients with HCC by blocking proliferation and inducing apoptosis.

Investigators therefore propose a novel window of opportunity trial in which biopsy proven HCC patients will receive oral meclizine daily for 28 (up to 35) days while awaiting surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation, transarterial chemoembolization, Y90 or systemic therapy. The primary test of treatment outcome will be the predicted decrease in expression of downstream CAR target genes (CYP2B6, MYC and FOXM1) in pre and post treatment tumor specimens. Investigators will also measure the change in tumor proliferation and apoptosis by measuring Ki-67 proliferation index and TUNEL assays (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP Nick-End Labeling assay), serum levels of AFP and GDF 15, and overall tumor response by imaging. HCC is the most rapidly increasing cause of cancer mortality in the United States and medical treatment options are limited. Successful completion of this study may identify a new approach to treatment of HCC.
In this descriptive study, children with autism will be screened for oral structural and functional problems. In this context, observational evaluation will be made. The presence of tongue thrust reflex, chewing performance and salivation control in children will be examined.Within the scope of the research, demographic data, parameters related to the oral motor development stage (time to transition to solid food and solid food, time to first teething) will be recorded according to parental report. Oral structural evaluation, including open mouth, high palate, oral hygiene and malocclusion, will be made observationally and recorded as present/absent. Within the scope of oral functional evaluation, tongue thrust reflex, chewing function and salivation control (dooling) will be evaluated.

The questions the investigators will test for this purpors; Q1:What oral structural and functional problems are seen in children with autism? Q2:What is the frequency of oral structural and functional problems seen in children with autism?
Metformin will be dosed twice daily (0.5 mg per dose) in two periods of 3.5 days for a total of 7 doses before and with XW003 treatment. Single doses of warfarin (2.5 mg per dose) will be given before and with XW003 treatment. The two drugs will be separated by a washout. XW003 will be administered subcutaneously once weekly in escalating doses of 0.3 mg for 4 weeks, 0.6 mg for 4 weeks and 1.2 mg for 4 weeks.
OBJECTIVES: Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) and Extended CIAF (ECIAF) allow for the identification of simultaneous presence of two or more types of malnutrition. The objective of this study was to analyze anthropometric failure in Argentinean children under 5 years old, taking into consideration regional and socioeconomic perspectives.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from the National Survey of Children and Adolescents MICS 2019-2020 were used, which included 5473 children under 5 years old of both sexes residing in the six regions of Argentina. CIAF and ECIAF excludes children not in anthropometric failure (group A) and was calculated from a percentage of children included in malnutrition categories B: wasting only; C: wasting and underweight; D: wasting, stunting, and underweight; E: stunting and underweight; F: stunting only; Y: underweight only; G: only weight excess; and H: stunting and weight excess. The data were analyzed according to region and wealth quintile.
RESULTS: In children aged 0-2.99 years, CIAF was 12.5% and ECIAF was 27.7%, with boys being more affected. In children aged 3-4.99 years, the rates were 9.7% and 22.3%, respectively, with girls showing a higher prevalence. The highest ECIAF was recorded in the Patagonia region (31.3%), while the highest ECIAF was observed in the poorest quintile.
DISCUSSION: The presence of double burden of malnutrition has been observed across all regions and household income levels. Additionally, overweight has shown a higher intensity in economically prosperous regions and households, while stunting has been more prevalent in economically disadvantaged areas.
The selective toxic agent for immobilising and/or killing lower human and animal pathogenic organisms, contains at least one hydrolytic enzyme and/or enzyme mixt. and a carrier substance. The pref. amt. of enzyme (mixt.) is 0.1-15 wt.% of the total wt. of the agent. The carrier substance is water or another pharmaceutically acceptable carrier which will not react with the enzymes. USE/ADVANTAGE - The agent can be used universally to control microoganisms and parasites, both ecto- and endo- which are pathogenic to humans and animals. The enzymes damage the cell membrane or the exoskeletons of the pathogens so badly that the glucosanine building blocks can no longer be chemically stabilised by incorporating nitrogen. The agents are free from harmful side effects and do not harm fertility. Their use need only be avoided in the first few weeks of pregnancy in the case of high fevers. The microorganisms and parasites have not yet shown signs of developing resistance to the enzyme
BACKGROUND: The microbiota plays a significant role in the tumor microenvironment, and its impact on tumor development and treatment outcome cannot be overlooked. Thus, it is essential to comprehend the interactions between the microbiota and the tumor microenvironment.
RECENT FINDINGS: With the advent of next-generation sequencing, microbiota research has advanced significantly in recent years. The interaction between the intratumoral microbiota and the tumor microenvironment is an emerging area of research that holds great promise for understanding and treating solid tumor progression. This crosstalk between the intratumoral microbiota and the tumor microenvironment is a complex process that involves a multitude of factors, including the immune system, cellular signaling pathways, and metabolic processes. The origin of the intratumoral microbiota differs between various solid tumor, and the quantity and diversity of intratumoral microbiota also fluctuate significantly within each solid tumor.
CONCLUSION: The aim of this review is to provide a detailed summary of the intratumoral microbiota in various types of solid tumors. This will include an analysis of their origins, differences, and how they impact the progression of solid tumors. Furthermore, we will emphasize the significant potential that the intratumoral microbiota holds for the diagnosis and treatment of solid tumors.
One in four young children in the United States faces poverty-associated risks that make her or him more likely to have mental health and behavior problems. These problems, left untreated, can have long-term social, emotional, and behavioral consequences. High-quality parenting in the preschool years can substantially buffer the negative effects of socioeconomic adversity on children's mental health and behavior. However, most parent training programs use face-to-face delivery models resulting in barriers to participation and limited reach to those most in need. Testing the efficacy and implementation of alternative delivery models is needed to (a) increase the reach and sustainability of parent training interventions and (b) address the barriers to parent participation and implementation of such programs, specifically in primary health care settings. The parent training program proposed in this study is a digital adaptation (tablet-based) of the evidence-based based Chicago Parent Program (CPP) called the ezParent Program. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and implementation process of delivering the ezParent in pediatric primary care sites serving low-income, urban families. The specific aims of the study are: (1) Test the direct effects of the 6-module ezParent Program on parenting outcomes (parenting behavior, parenting self-efficacy, and parenting stress) and child outcomes (child problem and prosocial behavior) compared to an enhanced usual care control condition among low-income parents with young children seen in primary care settings; (2) Compare the cost-effectiveness of the ezParent intervention relative to the control condition for the parenting and child outcomes; and (3) Quantify the levels of program implementation of the ezParent Program in primary care using the RE-AIM framework. The efficacy of the ezParent Program will be tested using a randomized clinical trial design with 312 parents of 2- to 5-year-old children from pediatric primary care settings. Data on parenting and child behavior outcomes will be obtained from all participants at baseline, and 3, 6, and 12 months post baseline. A descriptive design guided by the RE-AIM framework and cost-effectiveness analysis will evaluate the implementation of the ezParent Program in the pediatric primary care sites.

Integrating and evaluating the implementation of the ezParent Program is an innovative opportunity to promote parenting with potential for universal access to the preschool (2- to 5-year-olds) population and potential for low cost by building on existing infrastructure. Findings from this study will lay the foundation for full-scale implementation of the ezParent Program in pediatric primary care settings and subsequent implementation and dissemination research.
The goal of this randomized controlled study is to compare the changes in cognitive, attitudinal and psychomotor domains for pressure injury between nursing students who take model-based structured pressure injury risk management teaching by examining risk factors and plan nursing interventions through sample cases with Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) integrated software, and nursing students who plan nursing interventions through sample cases on the software by receiving standard teaching.

Method: This randomized controlled trial was planned with two years of nursing students. The study's eligibility criteria are the nursing student must have completed the Fundamentals of Nursing course and clinical practice of this course. The study consists of preparation and implementation phases. The preparation phase consists of the preparation of the training content and software. Researchers will prepare training content and send them to academicians and clinicians who are experts in their fields. Researchers collaborate with software developers to develop the software. After the researchers listed the students who accepted to participate in the study, Students will be randomly assigned to 2 control and two intervention groups by a third researcher who was not involved in the study. The implementation phase of the research will begin with establishing control and intervention groups.

The researchers will first apply the " Pressure Ulcer Prevention Knowledge Assessment Instrument, "Attitude Towards Pressure Ulcer Prevention Instrument " and test case (the pre-tests) to the control 1 group. After that, they will give formal training to both control groups for four weeks and apply the post-tests in the fifth week. They will prepare the nursing care plan, one of the last tests, by analyzing the case via software. After the training of the control groups, the training of the intervention groups will begin. First of all, the intervention 1 group will apply the "Pressure Ulcer Prevention Knowledge Assessment Instrument," "Attitude Towards Pressure Ulcer Prevention Instrument" and the test case (the pre-tests). Afterward, four-week structured training will be given to intervention groups, and post-tests will be applied in the fifth week. They will prepare the nursing care plan, one of the last tests, by analyzing the case through the software integrated with Clinical Decision Support System.
Participants will receive automated text message reminders to check their blood pressure (BP) at least three days per week (participants will choose which days and times to receive reminders). Participants will transmit BP readings with text message to the Way to Health server. If a BP reading is not received within 3 hours, another reminder will be sent. Automated text message feedback will be sent with a tailored message. Participants will asked to set a daily step goal of at least 3,000 steps per day and transmit their step count information from their FitBit. Participants will be reminded once a day to sync their FitBit. Motivating messages will be sent weekly. After 4 weeks, and 8 weeks of the study, a usability survey will be sent. Weekly and daily feedback will be sent. At the conclusion of week 6, individuals will "crossover" and will continue for an additional 6 weeks using the opposite technology to communicate BP readings.
BACKGROUND: Distinguishing warfarin-related bleeding risk at the bedside remains challenging. Studies indicate that warfarin therapy should be suspended when international normalized ratio (INR) ≥ 4.5, or it may sharply increase the risk of bleeding. We aim to develop and validate a model to predict the high bleeding risk in valve replacement patients during hospitalization.
METHOD: Cardiac valve replacement patients from January 2016 to December 2021 across Nanjing First Hospital were collected. Five different machine-learning (ML) models were used to establish the prediction model. High bleeding risk was an INR ≥4.5. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used for evaluating the prediction performance of different models. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) was used for interpreting the model. We also compared ML with ATRIA score and ORBIT score.
RESULTS: A total of 2376 patients were finally enrolled in this model, 131 (5.5%) of whom experienced the high bleeding risk after anticoagulation therapy of warfarin during hospitalization. The extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) exhibited the best overall prediction performance (AUC: 0.882, confidence interval [CI] 0.817-0.946, Brier score, 0.158) compared to other prediction models. It also shows superior performance compared with ATRIA score and ORBIT score. The top 5 most influential features in XGBoost model were platelet, thyroid stimulation hormone, body surface area, serum creatinine and white blood cell.
CONCLUSION: A model for predicting high bleeding risk in valve replacement patients who treated with warfarin during hospitalization was successfully developed by using machine learning, which may well assist clinicians to identify patients at high risk of bleeding and allow timely adjust therapeutic strategies in evaluating individual patient.
The aim of this study was to analyze the role of thiol/disulfide homeostasis (TDH) parameters as an indicator of oxidative stress in acute appendicitis (AA). PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were systematically searched. Studies reporting on TDH in AA (both complicated and uncomplicated cases) were included. The comparator group were healthy controls. The TDH domain was compared between the groups using anti-oxidant parameters, namely native thiol and total thiol levels, and native thiol/total thiol ratio; and oxidant parameters, namely disulfide level, disulfide/native thiol ratio, and disulfide/total thiol ratio. The statistical analysis was performed using a random-effects model. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed utilizing the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Eleven studies with a total of 926 subjects, comprising 457 patients with uncomplicated appendicitis, 147 with complicated appendicitis, and 322 healthy controls were included. Our study demonstrated significantly increased oxidative stress in AA as compared to healthy controls in all TDH parameters and significantly lower total thiol levels in complicated AA as compared to uncomplicated AA. Due to a poor methodological quality in five out of eleven studies, future prospective studies with adequate power are essential to validate these observations and refine the diagnostic approaches to AA.
The intervention group was performed with 45 patients. Acupressure was performed two days a week for four weeks with a total of eight sessions on the ST34, ST35, ST36, SP9, SP10, GB34 acupuncture points following an acupressure practice guide prepared by the researcher.
1. Use a zwitterionic compound comprising essentially an amphoteric zwitterionic compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the zwitterionic compound is an aliphatic or heterocyclic compound having at least one bond carbon-nitrogen, and the acid group is selected from SO3, and COO, and the alkaline group is selected from OH, N<+>, N<+>H and NH2 for preparing a medicament adapted for use as a biologic response modifier in treating cancer, reducing cancer pains, an autoimmune disease, an infection disease or relieving an inflammatory processes in a mammal. 2. Use of claim 1, wherein the zwitterion compound comprises a six member heterocyclic ring with a nitrogen atom as a part of the ring. 3. Use of claim 1, wherein heterocycle comprises two nitrogen atoms and acid and alkaline groups connected by at least one -CH2- group to the acid group and alkaline group. 4. Use of claim 1, wherein the zwitterion compound comprises the structural formula:  (H) ( alkaline group- (CH2)n-1-3-N-(CH2)n-1-3 in which n changes from 1 to 3 and in which the alkaline group is selected from OH, N<+>, N<+>H and NH2 and the acid group is selected from SO3, and COO. 5. Use of claim 1, wherein the zwitterion compound is selected from the following compounds and combinations thereof     6. Use of any of the preceding claim, wherein comprises administering the zwitterion from about 0.1mg/kg to about 5000mg/kg to the body weight of the mammal to be treated. 7. Use of claim 1, wherein the zwitterion composition comprises an amino acid and human serum. 8. Use of any of the preceding claim, wherein includes the treatment of a cancer tumor-containing disease by macrophage infiltration and shrinkage of the tumor. 9. Use of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein includes the treatment of diseases to produce giant platelets and histocytes. 10. Use of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein includes the treatment of the disease of hepatitis. 11. Use of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein includes the treatment of autoimmune diseases. 12. Use of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein includes the treatment of reducing pain. 13. of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein includes the treatment of reducing viral activity. 14. Use of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein includes the treatment of tumorous cancer. 15. Use of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein treatment includes reducing the level of alkaline phosphatase in a mammal. 16. A zwitterion composition adapted for use in the treatment of cancer, autoimmune disease, infection disease, reducing an inflammatory process in a mammal, which composition comprises: a) a therapeutic effective amount of a zwitterion compound as an active ingredient of one of claims 1 or 5or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for the zwitterion compound; and c) a compound selected from the group consisting of: amino acid, human serum, antibiotics and vitamins, and combinations thereof. 17. A compoition of claim 16, wherein comprises the zwitterion compound from about 0.1mg/kg to about 5000mg/kg to the body weight of the mammal to be treated.
Insomnia is a highly prevalent sleep disorder which affect approximately 10% of the adult population and 40% of the older population. Further, insomnia has been linked to an increased risk of developing dementia. Currently, the recommended first-line treatment for insomnia is cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), in both face-to-face and digital form. Despite the strong evidence for digital CBT-I, there are insufficient data regarding the benefits and effectiveness of digital CBT-I in older people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

The investigators will conduct a fully online study comparing 6-weeks of digital behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) against online sleep health education. Participants will be recruited using social media, as well as from memory clinics. Participants will be screened and determined eligibility and consent will be conducted online. Subsequently, participants will be randomly allocated to either digital CBT-I delivered via an application called Sleepio or wait-listed control. The Sleepio app is a sleep-improvement program that uses cognitive behavioural therapy techniques to improve insomnia symptoms. The wait-listed control will consist of 3 modules of an online Sleep Health Education package delivered fortnightly with non-tailored basic sleep information. They will be directed to a website to determine eligibility and then provided access to either the digital CBT-I (Sleepio) or the wait-listed control with a link to the first online module.

At baseline, all participants will complete self-reported measures of subjective cognitive complaints, insomnia, fatigue, sleep, depression, quality of life, and digital health literacy. Also, they will complete three web-based cognitive assessments that measure memory, processing speed, and executive functioning. These will be repeated at follow-up at weeks 12
23.4% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP Additive Solution is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, concentrated solution for intravenous administration ONLY AFTER DILUTION to replenish electrolytes. The preparations contain 23.4 g of sodium chloride (400 mEq each of Na+ and Cl-) in Water for Injection, USP. 

The solution contains no bacteriostat, antimicrobial agent or added buffer. The additive may contain sodium hydroxide and/or hydrochloric acid for pH adjustment. The pH is 5.0 (4.5 to 7.0). The specific gravity is 1.15, and the osmolarity is 8008 mOsmol/L (calc). 

Sodium Chloride, USP is chemically designated NaCl, a white crystalline compound freely soluble in water. The molecular weight is 58.44 g/mol. 

The Pharmacy Bulk Package is a sterile dosage form which contains multiple single doses for preparation of admixtures for intravenous infusion (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).