anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
During treatment with oral propafenone in patients with depressed baseline function (mean ejection fraction (EF)=33.5%), no significant decreases in ejection fraction were seen. In clinical trial experience, new or worsened CHF has been reported in 3.7% of patients with ventricular arrhythmia; of those 0.9% were considered probably or definitely related to propafenone HCl. Of the patients with congestive heart failure probably related to propafenone, 80% had preexisting heart failure and 85% had coronary artery disease. CHF attributable to propafenone HCl developed rarely (<0.2%) in ventricular arrhythmia patients who had no previous history of CHF. CHF occurred in 1.9% of patients studied with PAF or PSVT.

As propafenone HCl exerts both beta blockade and a (dose-related) negative inotropic effect on cardiac muscle, patients with congestive heart failure should be fully compensated before receiving propafenone HCl. If congestive heart failure worsens, propafenone HCl should be discontinued (unless congestive heart failure is due to the cardiac arrhythmia) and, if indicated, restarted at a lower dosage only after adequate cardiac compensation has been established.
BACKGROUND: Aortic dissection is a critical cardiovascular disease, with Stanford Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) posing significant concern due to its high mortality rate, especially in obese patients. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is among the most common postoperative complications. Therefore, preventing ARDS is critically important for TAAD patients.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the impact of enhanced prone mechanical ventilation on oxygenation levels, early extubation rates, and length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) among obese TAAD patients. The goal is to assess its potential to improve patient clinical outcomes and provide a scientific foundation for clinical practice.
CASE PRESENTATION: Following evaluation by the attending physician, two hypoxemic patients underwent prone mechanical ventilation on postoperative day 3 for 12 hours daily, consecutively for 3-5 days. Patients' oxygenation significantly improved, and mechanical ventilation was discontinued after respiratory exercises. Successful removal of oral intubation was achieved, followed by individualized nursing care. No complications arose during intensive care, and both patients were transferred out of the ICU and subsequently discharged.
CONCLUSIONS: The early implementation of modified prone position ventilation effectively mitigates postoperative hypoxemia in obese patients with aortic dissection. It increases the rate of early postoperative oral extubation and reduces the length of stay in the ICU.
Proteinopathies involve the abnormal accumulation of specific proteins. Maintaining the balance of the proteome is a finely regulated process managed by a complex network of cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis, folding, and degradation. However, stress and ageing can disrupt this balance, leading to widespread protein aggregation. Currently, several therapies targeting protein aggregation are in clinical trials for ALS. These approaches mainly focus on two strategies: addressing proteins that are prone to aggregation due to mutations and targeting the cellular mechanisms that maintain protein homeostasis to prevent aggregation. This review will cover these emerging drugs. Advances in ALS research not only offer hope for better outcomes for ALS patients but also provide valuable insights and methodologies that can benefit the broader field of neurodegenerative disease drug discovery.
Oral composition comprises a dental vehicle, a casein glycomacropeptide to provide antibacterial activity, an anionic surfactant and a hydrolysed protein compound to stabilise the antibacterial activity of the macropeptide in the presence of the surfactant. Also claimed is a method of preparing the oral composition which comprises adding a casein glycomacropeptide, an anionic surfactant and a hydrolysed protein compound to an aqueous vehicle and mixing the mixture to obtain a stable composition. The hydrolysed protein stabiliser preferably comprises hydrolysed collagen protein, especially quaternary derivative or food grade gelatin prepared from boiled animal parts. The hydrolysed protein comprises 0.1-2.5 wt% and the glycomacropeptide comprises 0.5-10 wt% of the composition. The glycomacropeptide is a kappa-casein glycopeptide or its desialyated derivatives. The anionic surfactant is sodium lauryl sulphate. The composition, in the form of a toothpaste comprises 30-75wt% water-insoluble polishing agent (especially silica), in the form of a toothpowder comprises 70-80% hydrated alumina, in the form of an aqueous mouthwash comprises 5-10% ethanol and in the form of a chewing gum comprises 20-30% natural or synthetic elastomer filler.
PURPOSE:To provide the subject cataplasm solved the problem of irritation to skin, prevented from loss of medicines contained, made up of a medicine- containing layer, a substrate impermeable for said medicine and a skin tack layer, so designed that the medicine is absorbed, due to its volatilization and diffusion, via the nasal cavity through the mucous membrane and the upper respiratory tract. CONSTITUTION:The objective cataplasm made up of (A) a medicine-contg. layer 2, (B) a skin tack layer 4 and (C) a substrate 3 located between these two layers and virtually impermeable for the medicine, and furthermore, if appropriate, (D) a sheet 5 to protect the tack layer and to be released at any time when applied, (E) a release sheet 6 to protect and seal the layer A in order to prevent the medicine from vaporization until it is used and (F) a container 7 to protect the layer A. The raw material for the layer A is e.g. nonwoven fabric, polymeric sponge; the medicine is e.g. menthol, camphor; and the substrate is e.g. aluminum foil. The present cataplasm is used in such a manner as to be applied under the nose in the form of a dimension <=2cm in width, <=10cm in length and <=5mm in thickness.
Participants in the blinded arms will not be given a test kit but will be given sample collection materials. During the period from week 8 to week 30 of the study, participants will be contacted a total of 6 times at random intervals, instructed to collect urine samples, and complete a questionnaire. Participants will also keep a diary of suspected gluten exposures. All samples collected will be returned during the week 30 study visit. After completion of sample collection, all participants will be unblinded and notified of the results once the samples have been processed.
PURPOSE:A cosmetic, prepared by incorporating a combination of urocanic acid and L-arginine with a phosphate salt, having a high safety for the skin and ultraviolet absorbing effect, and causing the slight browning with time. CONSTITUTION:Urocanic acid is combined with L-arginine to give an aqueous solution, which is then incorporated with one or two or more phosphate salts expressed by formulaIor II (M is K or Na; n is an integer >=2). The amount of the L-arginine to be incorporated is preferably about 1.2 times or more that of the urocanic acid. Sodium, potassium salt, etc. of trimetaphosphoric acid, tetrametaphosphoric acid or tetrapolyphosphoric acid may be cited as the concrete examples of the phosphate salts expressed by formulaIor II. The amount of the phosphate salts to be incorporated is preferably in the range of 0.01- 1.0wt% based on the total weight of the aqueous solution.
PURPOSE: A composition containing Lithocarpus dealbatus Hook. Extract or fraction thereof is provided to suppress aldose reductase activity and to prevent and treat diabetes complication. CONSTITUTION: A composition for preventing and treating diabetes complication contains Lithocarpus dealbatus Hook. extract as an active ingredient. The Lithocarpus dealbatus Hook. extract is isolated using water, low alcohol of C1-C4, or mixture solvent thereof. The composition additionally contains fraction which is obtained by fractioning Lithocarpus dealbatus Hook. extract using organic solvent. The fraction is obtained by fractioning with normal-hexane, ethyl acetate, normal-butanol, and water in order. A health food for preventing and treating diabetes complication contains Lithocarpus dealbatus Hook. extract or fraction as an active ingredient.
BACKGROUND: Lumbar degenerative disease imposes a substantial burden on global health care expenditures. Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) using either traditional trajectory (TT) pedicle screws or cortical bone trajectory (CBT) pedicle screws has become increasingly common. This meta-analysis evaluated outcomes and safety of open TLIF with TT compared with CBT.
METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar were searched up to April 2024. The studied outcomes included complications, revision surgeries, operating room time, estimated blood loss, length of hospital stay (LOS), incision length, Visual Analog Scale, Oswestry Disability Index, and Japanese Orthopedic Association.
RESULTS: This meta-analysis included 5 studies; 770 patients undergoing TLIF were included, with 415 in the CBT group and 355 in the TT group. No statistically significant differences were found in the rate of overall complications, including specific complications, rate of revision surgeries, patient-reported outcome measures, operating room time, and estimated blood loss. However, the CBT group demonstrated shorter LOS (P = 0.05) and shorter incision lengths (P < 0.001) compared with the TT group.
CONCLUSIONS: TT and CBT in TLIF procedures demonstrated comparable rates of complications, reoperations, and patient-reported outcome measures. Despite similar operating room times and estimated blood loss, the CBT group exhibited shorter incision lengths and shorter LOS than the TT group. Both CBT and TT pedicle screws are safe and effective options for TLIF. There are potential benefits to CBT such as shorter incision and LOS, although TT remains an essential tool for spinal instrumentation techniques.
Impaired glutamate recycling plays an important role in the pathophysiology of depression, and it has been demonstrated that glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) on astrocytes is involved in glutamate uptake. Studies have shown that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is effective in treating depression, however, the exact mechanism of rTMS treatment remains unclear. Here, we used a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) protocol to induce depression-like behaviors in rats followed by rTMS treatment. Behavioral assessment was primarily through SPT, FST, OFT and body weight. Histological analysis focused on GFAP and GLT-1 expression, synaptic plasticity, apoptosis and PI3K/Akt/CREB pathway-related proteins. The results showed that rTMS treatment increased sucrose preference, improved locomotor activity, shortened immobility time as well as increased body weight. And rTMS intervention reversed the elevated glutamate concentration in the hippocampus of CUMS rats using an ELISA kit. Moreover, rTMS ameliorated the reduction in GFAP and GLT-1 expression, alleviated the decrease in BDNF, PSD95 and synapsin-1 expression, also reversed the expression levels of BAX and Bcl2 in the hippocampus of CUMS-induced rats. Moreover, rTMS also increased the protein phosphorylation level of PI3K/Akt/CREB pathway. These results suggest that rTMS treatment ameliorates depression-like behaviors in the rat model by reversing the reduction of GLT-1 on astrocytes and reducing glutamate accumulation in the synaptic cleft, which in turn ameliorates synaptic plasticity damage and neuronal apoptosis. The regulation of GLT-1 by rTMS may be through the PI3K/Akt/CREB pathway.
Three dose levels will be evaluated. Using the modified continual reassessment method, cohorts of size two will be enrolled at each dose level. Each patient will receive one injection (IV) according to the dosing schedules: starting with the lowest cell dose (2×10\^7 cells/m2) and then escalate the cell dose to the highest cell dose (2×10\^8/m2) as per study design.
The Amish and Mennonite populations represent outstanding communities for the study of genetic disease for a number of reasons. There is a high degree of inbreeding, resulting in a high frequency of recessive disorders, many of which are seen rarely or are unknown outside of this population. Extensive genealogical records are available, and the average family size is large. This proposal includes a number of collaborators who have had extremely close, extensive interaction with the Lancaster County Amish over the past decade; their relationships with the community are invaluable to the success of this project. We have had substantial success with this research over the past seven years, leading to the discovery of the molecular etiology of four human diseases and the establishment of a useful database and tools for genealogical analysis. We propose to continue this line of research to further characterize these disorders and identify additional ones, as well as enlarging a computerized Anabaptist genealogy.
The present invention discloses a detoxification method for plant Japanese dock roots. The water (liquid water or/ and gaseous water) from 101 to 600 DEG C is used for heating the plant Japanese dock roots for 5 to 360 minutes. The harmful ingredients to the human body in the plant Japanese dock roots can be decomposed into the ingredient innocuous to the human body, for example, the rhaponticin and other glycoside substances are decomposed into rhapontigenin, saccharide, etc., which are innocuous to the human body. The toxicity and side effects of the plant Japanese dock roots in disease treatment are reduced. Even for patients having the insufficiency, diarrhea and no good appetite, the patients can still take the detoxicated plant Japanese dock roots for treating other adaptive disease symptoms. The plant Japanese dock roots after detoxification can be singly used as the oral medicine for treating some disease symptoms in a large dose. Meanwhile, the plant Japanese dock roots can also be singly used as people's health care food for long-term administration. The plant Japanese dock roots have the functions of toxicant elimination, face color maintenance and aging delay.
Microglia are described as the immune cells of the brain, their immune properties have been extensively studied since first described, however, their neural functions have only been explored over the last decade. Microglia have an important role in maintaining homeostasis in the central nervous system by surveying their surroundings to detect pathogens or damage cells. While these are the classical functions described for microglia, more recently their neural functions have been defined; they are critical to the maturation of neurons during embryonic and postnatal development, phagocytic microglia remove excess synapses during development, a process called synaptic pruning, which is important to overall neural maturation. Furthermore, microglia can respond to neuronal activity and, together with astrocytes, can regulate neural activity, contributing to the equilibrium between excitation and inhibition through a feedback loop. Hypoxia at birth is a serious neurological condition that disrupts normal brain function resulting in seizures and epilepsy later in life. Evidence has shown that microglia may contribute to this hyperexcitability after neonatal hypoxia. This review will summarize the existing data on the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of neonatal hypoxia and the plausible mechanisms that contribute to the development of hyperexcitability after hypoxia in neonates. This article is part of the Special Issue on "Microglia".
Methods of preparing lyophilized preparations of Factor IX which preserve more than 90% of the calcium binding property of Factor IX are disclosed. Factor IX formulated with trehalose shows a superior stability profile after 12 weeks storage at 25°C/60% relative humidity (RH) and 40°C/75% RH relative to Factor IX formulated without trehalose. The data suggest that the inclusion of trehalose in the formulation could allow for temperature excursions or even long-term room temperature storage of a Factor IX lyophilized product. The formulations tested contained 10 mM  histidine pH 6.8, 3% mannitol, 66 mM sodium chloride, 0.0075% Polysorbate 80, with and without 1% trehalose. Upon storage at 40°C/75% RH or 25°C/60% RH over 12 weeks the trehalose-containing formulation was comparable to product stored at 2-8°C while the formulation without trehalose was found to undergo significant aggregation and loss of activity. The two formulations demonstrated comparable stability over 26 weeks of real time storage at -20°C and 2-8°C.
BACKGROUND: The inflammation and synaptic dysfunction induced by mitochondrial dysfunction play essential roles in the learning and memory impairment associated with sleep dysfunction. Elamipretide (SS-31), a novel mitochondrion-targeted antioxidant, was proven to improve mitochondrial dysfunction, the inflammatory response, synaptic dysfunction, and cognitive impairment in models of cerebral ischemia, sepsis, and type 2 diabetes. However, the potential for SS-31 to improve the cognitive impairment induced by chronic sleep deprivation (CSD) and its underlying mechanisms is unknown.
METHODS: Adult c57BL/6J mice were subjected to CSD for 21 days using an activity wheel accompanied by daily intraperitoneal injection of SS-31 (5 mg/kg). The novel object recognition and Morris water maze test were used to evaluate hippocampus-dependent cognitive function. Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays were used to determine the effects of CSD and SS-31 on markers of mitochondria, inflammation response, and synaptic function. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to examine the levels of proinflammatory cytokines.
RESULTS: SS-31 could improve the cognitive impairment induced by CSD. In particular, SS-31 treatment restored the CSD-induced decrease in sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator alpha levels and the increase in levels nuclear factor kappa-B and inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Furthermore, SS-31 significantly increased the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, postsynaptic density protein-95, and synaptophysin in CSD mice.
CONCLUSION: Taken together, these results suggest that SS-31 could improve CSD-induced mitochondrial biogenesis dysfunction, inflammatory response, synaptic dysfunction, and cognitive impairment by increasing SIRT1 expression levels.
AIMS: To develop a machine learning model for predicting rapid kidney function decline in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to pinpoint key modifiable risk factors for targeted interventions.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on 6,924 individuals with T2D and CKD at Seoul National University Hospital. Kidney function decline was assessed using estimated glomerular filtration rate slopes. The performance of the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model was evaluated through model diagnosis and time-to-event analyses. Copula simulation was conducted to stratify risk subgroups using modifiable risk factors.
RESULTS: A total of 906 (13.1 %) individuals experienced rapid kidney function decline. The XGBoost model demonstrated optimal performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.826). The hazard of end-stage kidney disease within eight years increased across risk quartiles, with statistically significant hazard ratios in Q3 (2.06; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.29-3.29) and Q4 (10.9; 95 % CI: 7.36-16.2). Simulation analysis identified high-risk subgroups by stage A3 albuminuria and at least two of the following: haematocrit < 39.0 %, systolic blood pressure > 120 mmHg, and glycated hemoglobin A1c > 6.5 %.
CONCLUSIONS: The XGBoost model, augmented by copula simulation, successfully stratified kidney prognosis in individuals with T2D and CKD.
The goal of our local project is to provide Tampa Bay with a culturally appropriate Patient Navigator Program that will decrease delay in diagnosis and delivery of cancer care in an acceptable and cost-effective manner leading to lower cancer mortality among our underserved populations. We will partner with community health centers in the Tampa Bay area to provide an avenue for patients who have received an abnormal screening for breast and colorectal cancer to easier pilot the course of the healthcare system. The populations served by this program will include African-Americans, Hispanics and rural Whites who are medically underserved due to lack of insurance, documentation issues and a variety of other barriers to health care.

The primary outcome to be tested with this program is the time it takes for patients with an abnormality to receive a definitive diagnosis. Secondary outcomes such as patient satisfaction and cost-effectiveness will also be measured. This program occurs in three phases. In Phase I, the aim is to work closely with our key community partners to conduct formative research for the development of an acceptable, appealing, and appropriate Patient Navigator Program. The aim for Phase II is to conduct a group randomized controlled trial by having participating clinics randomly assigned to an intervention or control clinic. The outcomes from this phase in the project will be assessed through chart reviews, patient satisfaction surveys and other survey methods. In Phase III a comprehensive evaluation on the program will be produced and disseminated nationally.
Participants assigned to this condition will receive treatment immediately after assignment. The investigators will implement functional communication training (FCT) to teach the participant an appropriate request response, known as a functional communication response or FCR. FCT training will continue until the participant emits independent FCRs in at least 90% of the 30-s intervals and until destructive behavior decreases by 90% (relative to pre-treatment baseline) for two consecutive sessions.
INTRODUCTION: With the incidence of thoracic aortic disease on the rise, total arch replacement (TAR) with frozen elephant trunk (FET) remains the gold-standard management strategy due to optimal results. Several FET devices exist commercially on the global market. However, the mainstay and most commonly used and reported device is the Thoraflex Hybrid Prosthesis (THP), with several recent reports suggesting its superiority.
AREAS COVERED: This review aims to collate and summarize the evidence in the literature on the clinical outcomes of TAR with FET using THP, with a focus on mortality, neurological complications, endoleak, distal stent-induced new entry (dSINE), aortic remodeling, coagulopathy, and graft kinking. In addition, the design features of THP is discussed, and an overview of market competitors is also highlighted.
EXPERT OPINION: THP consistently demonstrates its effectiveness in treating complex thoracic aortic pathology through favorable clinical outcomes, which can be attributed to its unique and innovative design. Rates of early mortality ranged 0.6-14.2%, neurological complications 0-25%, endoleak 0-8.4% and dSINE 0-14.5%, with minimal incidence of graft kinking and coagulopathy. Aortic remodeling is favorable and comparable to competitors. All this evidence solidifies THP as the leading FET device, particularly when combined with appropriate patient selection and surgical planning.
Patients will receive 100 milliliters of normal saline with the first dose given preoperatively in the holding area followed by re-dosing every four hours from that point up to a maximum of 4 doses in 24 hours. Blinded medication will be prepared by research pharmacist.