anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness that causes changes in a person's perception, thoughts, and behaviour. In schizophrenics, the most common symptoms are positive symptoms (delusions and hallucinations), negative symptoms (avoiding social situations, lack of feeling or expression), and disorganized symptoms (confusion in thinking and speech). Because of the serious nature of these diseases, it is important that patients with schizophrenia take their antipsychotic medication regularly. Long-acting injectable forms of antipsychotic drugs may eliminate the need for daily oral medication and increase a patient's compliance in taking their medication as prescribed by their physician. This is a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study comparing the effectiveness and safety of an injectable formulation of risperidone (coated microspheres) to placebo in patients with schizophrenia. The study is composed of two periods: a 1-week run-in period (patients discontinue other antipsychotic drugs and receive oral risperidone, up to 4 mg/day) and a 12 week double-blind period during which subjects are randomized to receive bi-weekly injections of placebo or risperidone long-acting injectable formulation (25, 50, or 75 mg). During the first 3 weeks of double-blind treatment, patients will receive supplemental daily oral doses of placebo or risperidone tablets. The primary measure of effectiveness is the change from baseline in the total score for the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS). The PANSS is a rating scale that measures the symptoms of schizophrenia. Safety evaluations include the incidence of adverse events, results of clinical laboratory tests (hematology, biochemistry, urinalysis), measurements of vital signs and body weight, physical examination and electrocardiogram (ECG) findings, clinical examination of the injection area (buttocks), and the Extrapyramidal Symptoms Rating Scale (ESRS), a scale used to measure effects of antipsychotic medications on motor functions of the patient. Additional testing conducted includes the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI), a rating system used to evaluate the overall and severity of clinical change in a patient with various diseases affecting the brain, and the SF-36 Health Survey, a questionnaire the patient fills out that is extensively used to rate a patient's quality of life. The study hypothesis is that the injectable form of risperidone will be more effective than placebo, as measured by the change from baseline in the total PANSS score, in patients with schizophrenia. 1-week run-in period: risperidone oral tablets, up to 4 mg/day. During the first 3 weeks of double-blind period: risperidone oral tablets, 2, 4, or 6 mg/day or placebo tablets. Day 1 of double-blind period and every 2 weeks thereafter: risperidone intramuscular injection (25, 50, or 75 mg) or placebo injection for 12 weeks.
Substituted fused heterocyclic compounds of the formula (I) and pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof:wherein R1 is a group of the formula (II) or (III):R4 is a substituted phenyl or a pyridyl which may have a substituent. R5 is hydrogen or the like. R6 is hydrogen, a C1-6 alkyl group or the like. D is oxygen or sulfur. E is a CH group or nitrogen. R2 is hydrogen or the like. R3 is a 2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylmethyl group or the like. A is a C1-6 alkylene group. B is oxygen or sulfur. These compounds and salts are useful as the active ingredient of pharmaceutical compositions which can be used to treat patients because these compounds and salts have excellent insulin-resistance improving action, lipid-peroxide-production inhibitory action, 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory action and the like.
The brain-gut axis intricately links gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis to the development or worsening of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the precise GM composition in ASD and the effectiveness of probiotics are unclear. To address this, we performed a thorough meta-analysis of 28 studies spanning PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, and MEDLINE, involving 1,256 children with ASD and 1042 neurotypical children, up to February 2024. Using Revman 5.3, we analyzed the relative abundance of 8 phyla and 64 genera. While individuals with ASD did not exhibit significant differences in included phyla, they exhibited elevated levels of Parabacteroides, Anaerostipes, Faecalibacterium, Clostridium, Dorea, Phascolarctobacterium, Lachnoclostridium, Catenibacterium, and Collinsella along with reduced percentages of Barnesiella, Odoribacter, Paraprevotella, Blautia, Turicibacter, Lachnospira, Pseudomonas, Parasutterella, Haemophilus, and Bifidobacterium. Notably, discrepancies in Faecalibacterium, Clostridium, Dorea, Phascolarctobacterium, Catenibacterium, Odoribacter, and Bifidobacterium persisted even upon systematic exclusion of individual studies. Consequently, the GM of individuals with ASD demonstrates an imbalance, with potential increases or decreases in both beneficial and harmful bacteria. Therefore, personalized probiotic interventions tailored to ASD specifics are imperative, rather than a one-size-fits-all approach.
An increasing number of circRNAs have been found to be involved in the development of gastric cancer. However, the function of circ_0003789 in regulating gastric cancer progression is unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the expression, function and molecular mechanism of circ_0003789 in gastric cancer pathogenesis. Circ_0003789, miR-429 and ZFP36 ring finger protein like 2 (ZFP36L2) mRNA were quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation was illustrated by 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (Edu), cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. Protein level was detected by Western blotting assay. Xenograft assays were used for functional analysis of circ_0003789 in vivo. The relationship between miR-429 and circ_0003789 or ZFP36L2 was predicted by starbase3.0 online database and identified by dual luciferase reporter assay. The expression levels of circ_0003789 and ZFP36L2 were significantly upregulated in gastric cancer tissues and cells, while the expression of miR-429 was downregulated. Downregulation of circ_0003789 inhibited gastric cancer cell growth and invasion and promoted apoptosis in vitro. Circ_0003789 acted as a sponge of miR-429. Moreover, miR-429 silencing by miR-429 inhibitors attenuated the effects of circ_0003789 interference on cell growth, apoptosis and invasion. ZFP36L2 was targeted by miR-429, and the effects of miR-429 on cell growth, invasion and apoptosis were attenuated by ZFP36L2 overexpression. Circ_0003789 could enhance ZFP36L2 expression by interacting with miR-429. Silencing of circ_0003789 inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Circ_0003789 regulates tumor progression in gastric cancer through miR-429/ZFP36L2 axis. This finding implies that circ_0003789 may be a therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a cosmetic and a composition for dermatological use suppressed and freed from photobluing and whitening phenomena caused by a composition containing a titanium oxide coloring matter by introducing deformable hollow particles having a specific density and a specified particle diameter into the composition. SOLUTION: Deformable hollow particles, having 1-250μm particle diameter and comprising an expanded copolymer of vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile and methyl (meth)acrylate are used. The hollow particles have especially <100μm, above all, preferably 10-60μm particle diameter. Furtermore, the hollow particles have preferably 15-200kg/m<3> , especially preferably 40-100kg/m<3> density. The hollow particles are contained in an amount of preferably 0.1-10wt.%, especially preferably 0.3-5wt.% based on the total weight of the composition. The titanium oxide is contained in an amount of at least 5wt.%, especially at least 10wt.%, above all, at least 15wt.% based on the total weight of the composition.
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary disorder characterized by vaso-occlusion, inflammation, and tissue damage. Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of SCD by promoting the adhesion of sickle cells to the endothelium, contributing to vaso-occlusion and tissue damage. The ICAM-1 gene encodes a glycoprotein that interacts with lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) and macrophage 1-antigen (Mac-1) receptors, perpetuating inflammation, and oxidative stress. The NF-κB signaling pathway regulates ICAM-1 expression, which is elevated in patients with SCD, leading to increased endothelial cell activation and damage. Targeting ICAM-1 and its interactions with sickle cells and the endothelium has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for managing SCD. This review highlights the complex interplay between ICAM-1, sickle cells, and the endothelium, and discusses the potential of ICAM-1-targeted therapies for mitigating VOC and improving the quality of life for patients with SCD.
Overweight and obese individuals are at increased risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). Losing weight by means of dietary restriction greatly reduces vascular disease risk. The majority of studies examiningmost common dietary restriction protocol s implemented is daily calorie restriction (CR). Another dietary restriction regimen employed, although far less commonly, is alternate day modified fasting (ADMF). ADMF involves a "feed day" where food is consumed ad-libitum, alternated with a "fast day", where food intake is partially reduced. Previous reports show that adherence to ADMF exceeds that of CR after 8 weeks of treatment. This increased adherence to ADMF results in greater weight loss, which produces more pronounced improvements in CHD risk. What has yet to be determined is whether adherence to ADMF remains near maximal for longer treatment durations (24 weeks), and if this improved adherence results in greater reductions in body weight and CHD risk, versus CR. Once weight loss is achieved, weight maintenance is extremely important as CHD risk can increase if weight is regained. Whether ADMF is an effective strategy for weight maintenance remains unknown. Accordingly, the aims of this proposal are: Aim 1: To establish that adherence to ADMF is greater than that of CR during a 24-week intervention period and to determine if increased adherence to ADMF results in greater weight loss; Aim 2: To establish that greater reductions in body weight by ADMF over a 24-week period will result in greater improvements in traditional CHD risk parameters (blood pressure, plasma lipid levels, cholesterol synthesis rate, LDL particle size, and CRP) and emerging CHD risk parameters (fat cell-derived hormones, body fat distribution, and fat cell size) in comparison to CR; and Aim 3: To establish that ADMF is an effective diet therapy to maintain weight loss and sustain improvements in CHD risk indicators, and to compare changes in cognitive and behavioral components of eating between ADMF and CR subjects. A 52-week randomized, controlled, parallel-arm feeding trial will be implemented to test these objectives. The trial will be divided into 3 consecutive intervention periods: (1) 4-week baseline; (2) 24-week weight loss with food provided; and (3) 24-week weight maintenance with no food provided. Overweight and obese subjects (n = 90) will be randomized to 1 of 3 groups: (1) ADMF, 75% energy restriction on the "fast day" and ad libitum fed on the "feed day"; (2) CR, 25% restriction everyday; or 3) control, 100% energy intake everyday. During the weight maintenance phase, ADMF subjects will consume 25% of their energy needs on the "fast day" and 175% of their needs on the "feed day", while CR and control subjects will consume 100% of their needs everyday. Our findings will show that ADMF can be implemented as an alternative to CR to help overweight and obese individuals lose weight, maintain weight loss, and sustain reductions in CHD risk. This study will also generate insights into the specific behavioral changes that occur with ADMF that explain why ADMF is a successful diet strategy for weight maintenance.
The invention discloses a sedum sarmentosum homogeneous polysaccharide and a preparation method and application thereof. The herba Sedi homogeneous polysaccharide has total sugar content of above 99%, and molecular weight of 1-30 kDa. A method for preparing stringy stonecrop herb homopolysaccharide comprises the following steps: taking the whole dry sedum sarmentosum, degreasing, extracting, precipitating and drying to obtain a crude sedum sarmentosum polysaccharide product; dissolving the obtained crude product of the sedum sarmentosum polysaccharide by using distilled water, loading the solution into an anionic cellulose chromatographic column, and eluting by using the distilled water to obtain sedum sarmentosum water-washing component polysaccharide; purifying the obtained water-washing component polysaccharide by using a gel chromatographic column, and eluting by using a NaCl solution to obtain the uniform sedum sarmentosum polysaccharide. The application of herba Sedi homogeneous polysaccharide in preparing antitumor drugs is provided. The invention extracts and separates the stringy stonecrop herb homogeneous polysaccharide from the stringy stonecrop herb for the first time, and has the function of preventing and treating the tumor of patients with low anti-tumor function. The preparation method is simple, can quickly obtain high-purity uniform polysaccharide, and is suitable for large-scale production.
Adults with a diagnosis of acute bacterial sinusitis (ABS) were evaluated in 3 clinical studies. In one study, 363 patients were randomized to receive either Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium Extended Release Tablets 2,000 mg/125 mg orally every 12 hours or levofloxacin 500 mg orally daily for 10 days in a double‑blind, multicenter, prospective trial. These patients were clinically and radiologically evaluated at the test of cure (day 17‑28) visit. The combined clinical and radiological responses were 84% for Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium Extended Release Tablets and 84% for levofloxacin at the test of cure visit in clinically evaluable patients (95% CI for the treatment difference = ‑9.4, 8.3). The clinical response rates at the test of cure were 87% and 89%, respectively.

The other 2 trials were non‑comparative, multicenter studies designed to assess the bacteriological and clinical efficacy of Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium Extended Release Tablets (2,000 mg/125 mg orally every 12 hours for 10 days) in the treatment of 2288 patients with ABS. Evaluation timepoints were the same as in the prior study. Patients underwent maxillary sinus puncture for culture prior to receiving study medication. Patients with acute bacterial sinusitis due to S. pneumoniae with reduced susceptibility to penicillin were accrued through enrollment in these 2 open‑label non‑comparative clinical trials. Microbiologic eradication rates for key pathogens in these studies are shown in Table 5.

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3
     a n/N = patients with pathogen eradicated or presumed eradicated/total number of patients.
4
     b Confidence limits calculated using exact probabilities.c S. pneumoniae strains with penicillin MICs of ≥ 2 mcg/mL are considered resistant to penicillin.d Includes one patient each with S. pneumoniae penicillin MICs of 8 and 16 mcg/mL.
We have shown in a murine model of treatment with intermittent androgen ablation therapy of prostate cancer that when dutasteride is given during the regrowth phase (off-phase) of intermittent therapy, that tumor growth is inhibited and that survival is improved. We have also shown that testosterone is a more potent inducer of certain tumor suppressor androgen response genes than dihydrotestosterone. In this murine model, we showed that use of a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor (dutasteride) resulted in significant hyperinduction of the U19 tumor suppressor androgen response gene during the regrowth phase of treatment. In the current clinical trial, we will determine if use of dutasteride in men with advanced prostate cancer during the off-phase of intermittent androgen ablation therapy will also result in hyperinduction of these tumor suppressor androgen response genes. Gene expression will be measured in tumor tissue obtained by prostate biopsies during the off-phase when the testosterone level has normalized. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels will also be measured to determine the PSA doubling time during the off-phase to determine the effect of dutasteride on PSA kinetics.
The invention relates to a medical product and a production method thereof and discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating and preventing prostatic diseases such as prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis and prostatic cancer. The traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises sabal extract, soybean extract and tomato extract and can also comprise siraitia grosvenorii extract. The invention provides a preparation and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine composition can be used as a health product for treating prostatic diseases and greatly improves male living quality. The invention relates to the preparation method of the preparation. Though method improvement, ingredients produce synergism.
Late liposuction, 18-21 months after inclusion. This group functions as a control group for 1 year before enrolment in the Liposuction group.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Endoscopic radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has shown good efficacy and safety in eradicating flat-type early esophageal squamous cell neoplasia (ESCN). However, post-RFA stricture is still a major concern, especially when treating ultralong-segment ESCNs. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of oral prednisolone to prevent post-RFA stricture.
METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 48 patients treated with balloon-type RFA who had Lugol-unstained or mosaic-like flat-type ESCNs with an expected treatment area of >10 cm. Oral prednisolone was started at a dose of 30 mg/day on the third day after RFA and continued for 4 weeks. The results were compared with an historical control group of 25 patients who received RFA without oral steroids. The primary endpoint was the frequency of post-RFA stricture. Secondary endpoints were the number of balloon dilation sessions and adverse event rate.
RESULTS: No significant differences were found in the worst pathology grade at baseline and length of unstained lesions between the 2 groups. The complete response rates after 1 session of RFA were 73% and 72%, respectively. Compared with the control group, the oral prednisolone group had a significantly lower stricture rate (4% [2/48 patients] vs 44% [11/25 patients]; P < .0001) and a lower number of balloon dilation sessions (median, 0 [range, 0-4] vs 6 [range, 0-10]). Two cases of asymptomatic candida esophagitis occurred in the study group, but no severe adverse effects.
CONCLUSIONS: Oral prednisolone may offer a useful and safe preventive option for post-RFA stricture in ultralong ESCNs. (Clinical trial registration number: NCT05768282.).
Patients with CCND1, 2, or 3 amplification that have tumor Rb expression by IHC receive palbociclib PO QD for 21 days. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
BACKGROUND: Healthcare resources are often limited in areas of sub-Saharan Africa. This makes accurate and timely diagnoses challenging and delays treatment of childhood febrile illness. We explored longitudinal characteristics related to symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of hospitalised febrile children in a rural area of Ghana highly endemic for malaria.
METHODS: Febrile children under 15 years, admitted to the study hospital paediatric ward, were recruited to the study and clinical data were collected throughout hospitalisation. Descriptive statistics were reported for all cases; for longitudinal analyses, a subset of visits with limited missing data was used.
RESULTS: There were 801 hospitalised children included in longitudinal analyses. Malaria (n = 581, 73%) and sepsis (n = 373, 47%) were the most prevalent suspected diagnoses on admission. One-third of malaria suspected diagnoses (n = 192, 33%) were changed on the discharge diagnosis, compared to 84% (n = 315) of sepsis suspected diagnoses. Among malaria-only discharge diagnoses, 98% (n/N = 202/207) received an antimalarial and 33% (n/N = 69/207) an antibiotic; among discharge diagnoses without malaria, 28% (n/N = 108/389) received an antimalarial and 83% (n/N = 324/389) an antibiotic.
CONCLUSIONS: Suspected diagnoses were largely based on clinical presentation and were frequently changed; changed diagnoses were associated with lingering symptoms, underscoring the need for faster and more accurate diagnostics. Medications were over-prescribed regardless of diagnosis stability, possibly because of a lack of confidence in suspected diagnoses. Thus, better diagnostic tools are needed for childhood febrile illnesses to enhance the accuracy of and confidence in diagnoses, and to cut down unjustified medication use, reducing the risk of antimicrobial and malaria resistance.
Previous studies have demonstrated the clinical relevance of aberrant serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycomic profiles in liver fibrosis and the pathogenic effects of agalactosyl IgG on activating hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). However, the dynamics of gene expression changes during HSC activation by agalactosyl IgG remain poorly understood. We performed RNA sequencing to analyze the mRNAome of human LX-2 HSCs at multiple time points after treatment with agalactosyl IgG and then compared these results with those obtained after normal IgG and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 treatments. Gene expression changes were significantly pronounced on day 5 and subsided by day 11 after HSC activation. A high degree of similarity in gene expression patterns between HSCs treated with agalactosyl IgG and TGF-β1 was observed, of which 1796 and 1785 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, respectively. Disease ontology analyses revealed that 114 and 105 DEGs in activated HSCs following agalactosyl IgG and TGF-β1 treatments, respectively, were linked to liver cirrhosis, hepatitis, fatty liver disease, hepatitis B, and alcoholic hepatitis, with CCL5 and FAS being the most commonly affected genes. DEGs associated with liver fibrosis or aforementioned liver diseases involved in gene annotation, physiological functions, and signaling pathways regarding secretion of cytokines and chemokines, expression of fibrosis-related growth factors and their receptors, modification of extracellular matrices, and regulation of cell viability in activated HSCs. In conclusion, this study characterized the dynamics of mRNAome and gene networks and identified the liver fibrosis-related DEGs during HSC activation by agalactosyl IgG and TGF-β1.
PURPOSE:To obtain a band with a memory element excellent in water resisting property, portability and durability and capable of simply utilizing and rewriting by enclosing the memory element capable of rewriting in non-contact manner in the flexible band. CONSTITUTION:A wrist watch band 2 is provided on one end with a buckle 3 and on the central portion with an information reading and writing portion 1. For example, a flexible and heat insulating materials are used for said band. Said portion 1 has a memory element 4 built therein and is covered with a heat insulating material 5 on the periphery thereof. The memory element 4 is a so-called memory tip capable of reading and written which permits information to be read and written by the use of electromagnetic wave is non-contact, manner devoid of electric connection and optical reading. Thus, the memory element 4 can be written and read with no contact in one action manner by a reader-writer even if the periphery is covered with the heat insulating material, so that an information storing means very strong against environment such as water, pollution, heat, etc. can be realized. Thus, it can attached to an arm to be used for the wrist band excellent in water resisting property, portability and durability.