anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to acoustic data transmission using a spreading code. A system for acoustic data transmission includes an ingestible capsule and an acoustic receiver. The ingestible capsule includes a modulator, a spreader, and an acoustic transmitter. The modulator modulates data according to a modulation scheme. The spreader spreads the modulated data according to a spreading code. The acoustic transmitter acoustically transmits the modulated and spread data through a body of an animal. The acoustic receiver includes an acoustic transducer a de-spreader and a demodulator. The acoustic transducer receives the acoustically transmitted signal and forms an electrical signal therefrom. The de-spreader de-spreads the received signal in accordance with the spreading code. The demodulator demodulates the received and de-spread signal in accordance with the modulation scheme, wherein a phase of the spreading code is synchronized with the received signal whereby a signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal is increased.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: there is offered application of humanised fused protein for making a medicine used for stimulation of immune response and stabilisation of disease progressing in patients with GD2-positive tumours. The antibody contains antibody H14.18 caught with surface glycosphingolipid GD2 of human cells, and cytokine IL2. There is disclosed method of increase in ADCC and lysis activity of natural killers in cancer patients by introduction of the fused protein. The invention can be applied in GD2-overexpression cancer therapy. ^ EFFECT: application of the invention provides low-immunogenicity antibody. ^ 2 cl, 8 dwg, 1 tbl, 2 ex
Time delays in the operating room play a role in increasing wait time length, number of cancelled cases, health care expenditure and resources. Furthermore, it inconveniences patients and families, and delays care. Minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopy) affords same-day discharge, faster recovery, and decreased morbidity. However, performing laparoscopy requires special equipment and multiple steps during set-up that can lead to time delays if not performed efficiently. Multiple factors have been identified to contribute to inefficient care delivery including: communication error, equipment failure, lack of teamwork among nursing, surgical or anesthesia teams, and duplication of tasks.

OR delays due to inefficiency can result from a chain of intraoperative events including technical factors (ie. equipment failure or case complexity) and from non-technical human factors (ie. communication errors or lack of coordinated teamwork within and between OR teams). "The intraoperative period is the period in which the surgical team may have the most influence" on efficiency. Objective measures of intraoperative OR delays and identification of their causes can lead to the development of a standardized framework that could be generalized to any surgical discipline to improve OR efficiency.

The primary objective of this study is to prospectively identify OR time delays from the time the patient enters the OR who are undergoing total laparoscopic hysterectomy (laparoscopic gynecologic procedure that involves several potential areas for inefficiency) to case completion and exiting the OR. This analysis will be used to identify root cause(s) leading to OR delays and define areas for improvement. The causes of delays can be reported back to the team members through formative performance-based feedback. The secondary objective is to identify any improvements in OR time delays and OR utilization following implementation of a standardized framework developed to increase OR efficiency.
Method for the preparation of alkene derivatives (I) Both cis and trans isomers are included. where R1 = alkyl (1-6C atoms) A = alkylene R2 and R3 which may or may not be the same = phenyl, opt. substituted with halogen, alkyl or alkoxy. X = halogen and the acid addition salts of (I). The cis isomers are oestrogens, the trans isomers are anti-oestrogenic in their pharmacological activity. where P = alkoxycarbonyl or arylsulphonyl group. The removal of the protecting group P is carried out by alkaline hydrolysis when P = alkoxycarbonyl, and by treatment with HBr when P = arylsulphonyl group.
INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of sleep disorders in people living with HIV (PLWH) is higher than in the general population. Even if viral suppression is achieved with Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), the chronic immune activation and increased inflammation due to immune reconstitution persist. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of poor quality of sleep (QoS) and associated risk factors in PLWH and to investigate the relationship between poor QoS and CD4 T lymphocyte count and CD4 reconstitution.
METHODS: PLWH ≥18 years old, attending for routine HIV monitoring were recruited. PLWH with conditions that may affect their QoS (pregnant, hospitalized, malignancy, substance-alcohol abuse, psychiatric disease or treatment, sleeping pill) were excluded. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI, score ≥5 indicates poor QoS), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS, score ≥11 indicates daytime sleepiness), and Beck Depression Scale (BDS, score ≥10 indicates clinical depression) were applied. CD4+ T lymphocyte reconstitution (current-baseline CD4+ count) and CD4+ T lymphocyte reconstitution rate [(current-baseline CD4+ count)/duration of HIV infection in years] were calculated for PLWH on ART. Student t-test and Pearson's chi-squared test were used for analysing the data, and p<0.05 was considered significant.
RESULTS: A total of 131 (15 newly diagnosed, 116 on ART for at least six months) PLWH were enrolled. Poor QoS was detected in 60.3% of PLWH. When compared, the ratio was higher in newly diagnosed PLWH (vs PLWH on ART, p>0,05). Daytime sleepiness in PLWH with poor Qos (p=0.04) was significantly increased (vs good QoS). Clinical depression (p=0.001) was significantly more common in PLWH with poor QoS (vs good QoS). Although statistically nonsignificant (p>0,05), younger age, female sex, being single, homosexüel sexual preference, high income and living with the family were associated with poor QoS. No association was found between the ART regime and QoS. PLWH with poor QoS had a higher CD4+ T lymphocyte count (p>0,05), a higher number of CD4+ T lymphocyte reconstitution (p<0.05), and a higher reconstitution rate than PLWH with good QoS (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION: Prevalence of poor QoS was high in our cohort. Poor QoS was associated with CD4+ T lymphocyte reconstitution and reconstitution rate.
INTRODUCTION: Following HIV testing services (HTS), the World Health Organization recommends prompt linkage to prevention and treatment. Scale-up of effective linkage strategies is essential to achieving the global 95-95-95 goals for maintaining low HIV incidence by 2030 and reducing HIV-related morbidity and mortality. Whereas linkage to care including same-day antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation for all people with HIV is now routinely implemented in testing programmes, linkage to HIV prevention interventions including behavioural or biomedical strategies, for HIV-negative individuals remains sub-optimal. This review aims to evaluate effective post-HTS linkage strategies for HIV overall, and highlight gaps specifically in linkage to prevention.
METHODS: Using the five-step Arksey and O'Malley framework, we conducted a scoping review searching existing published and grey literature. We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science and EMBASE databases for English-language studies published between 1 January 2010 and 30 November 2023. Linkage interventions included as streamlined interventions-involving same-day HIV testing, ART initiation and point-of-care CD4 cell count/viral load, case management-involving linkage coordinators developing personalized HIV care and risk reduction plans, incentives-financial and non-financial, partner services-including contact tracing, virtual-like social media, quality improvement-like use of score cards, and peer-based interventions. Outcomes of interest were linkage to any form of HIV prevention and/or care including ART initiation.
RESULTS: Of 2358 articles screened, 66 research studies met the inclusion criteria. Only nine linkage to prevention studies were identified (n = 9/66, 14%)-involving pre-exposure prophylaxis, voluntary medical male circumcision, sexually transmitted infection and cervical cancer screening. Linkage to care studies (n = 57/66, 86%) focused on streamlined interventions in the general population and on case management among key populations.
DISCUSSION: Despite a wide range of HIV prevention interventions available, there was a dearth of literature on HIV prevention programmes and on the use of messaging on treatment as prevention strategy. Linkage to care studies were comparatively numerous except those evaluating virtual interventions, incentives and quality improvement.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings give insights into linkage strategies but more understanding of how to provide these effectively for maximum prevention impact is needed.
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a leading cause of kidney failure and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Interstitial inflammation is attributed to the action of infiltrating macrophages and is a feature thought to aggravate disease progression. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of the anti-inflammatory IL37b cytokine as a treatment for ADPKD using genetic mouse models, demonstrating that transgenic expression of human IL37b reduced collecting duct cyst burden in both early and adult-onset ADPKD rodent models. Moreover, injection of recombinant human IL37b could also reduce cyst burden in early onset ADPKD mice, an observation not associated with increased macrophage number at early stages of cyst formation. Interestingly, transgenic IL37b expression also did not alter macrophage numbers in advanced disease. Whole kidney RNA-seq highlighted an IL37b-mediated upregulation of the interferon signaling pathway and single-cell RNA-seq established that these changes originate at least partly from kidney resident macrophages. We further found that blocking type I interferon signaling in mice expressing IL37b resulted in increased cyst number, confirming this as an important pathway by which IL37b exerts its beneficial effects. Thus, our studies show that IL37b promotes interferon signaling in kidney resident macrophages which suppresses cyst initiation, identifying this protein as a potential therapy for ADPKD.
Cisplatin for injection, USP, a platinum-based drug for intravenous use, is a white to light yellow lyophilized powder. Each vial of Cisplatin for injection, USP contains 50 mg cisplatin, 450 mg Sodium Chloride, USP, and 500 mg Mannitol, USP. Cisplatin for Injection, USP may contain hydrochloric acid for pH adjustment.

Cisplatin, the active ingredient in Cisplatin for injection, USP, is a yellow to orange crystalline powder with the molecular formulaCl2H6N2Pt and a molecular weight of 300.05. Cisplatin is a heavy metal complex containing a central atom of platinum surrounded by two chloride atoms and two ammonia molecules in the cis position. It is soluble in water or saline at 1 mg/mL and in dimethylformamide at 24 mg/mL. It has a melting point of 207°C.

The structural formula is:
The present invention relates to the ability of SAP to suppress the differentiation of monocytes into fibrocytes. It also relates to the ability of IL-12, laminin-1, cross-linked IgG and IgG aggregates to suppress the differentiation of monocytes into fibrocytes. Methods and compositions for suppressing differentiation of monocytes into fibrocytes using these proteins are provided. These methods are useful in a variety of applications including treatment and prevention of fibrosing diseases such as scleroderma and asthma. Finally, the invention includes assays for detecting the ability of various agents to modulate monocyte differentiation into fibrocytes and to detect monocyte defects. Such assays may also be used to diagnose scleroderma or other fibrosing diseases.
Caution should be used when lithium and diuretics are used concomitantly because diuretic-induced sodium loss may reduce the renal clearance of lithium and increase serum lithium levels with risk of lithium toxicity. Patients receiving such combined therapy should have serum lithium levels monitored closely and the lithium dosage adjusted if necessary.

Lithium levels should be closely monitored when patients initiate or discontinue NSAID use. In some cases, lithium toxicity has resulted from interactions between an NSAID and lithium. Indomethacin and piroxicam have been reported to increase significantly steady-state plasma lithium concentrations. There is also evidence that other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, including the selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, have the same effect. In a study conducted in healthy subjects, mean steady-state lithium plasma levels increased approximately 17% in subjects receiving lithium 450 mg b.i.d. with celecoxib 200 mg b.i.d. as compared to subjects receiving lithium alone.

Concomitant use of lithium with a Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor may decrease serum lithium concentrations. Monitor serum lithium concentration more frequently during SGLT2 inhibitor initiation and dosage changes.

Concurrent use of metronidazole with lithium may provoke lithium toxicity due to reduced renal clearance. Patients receiving such combined therapy should be monitored closely.

There is evidence that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, such as enalapril and captopril, and angiotensin II receptor antagonists, such as losartan, may substantially increase steady-state plasma lithium levels, sometimes resulting in lithium toxicity. When such combinations are used, lithium dosage may need to be decreased, and plasma lithium levels should be measured more often.

Concurrent use of calcium channel blocking agents with lithium may increase the risk of neurotoxicity in the form of ataxia, tremors, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and/or tinnitus. Caution is recommended. Concomitant administration of lithium with serotonergic drugs can precipitate serotonin syndrome. Monitor patients for signs and symptoms of serotonin syndrome, particularly during lithium initiation. If serotonin syndrome occurs, consider discontinuation of lithium and/or concomitant serotonergic drugs. Examples of serotonergic drugs include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI), and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI).

The following drugs can lower serum lithium concentrations by increasing urinary lithium excretion: acetazolamide, urea, xanthine preparations, and alkalinizing agents such as sodium bicarbonate.

Concomitant administration of methyldopa, phenytoin, or carbamazepine with lithium may increase the risk of toxic effects of these drugs.

Concomitant extended use of iodide preparations, especially potassium iodide, with lithium may produce hypothyroidism.
Bleomycin, Etoposide, Cisplatin (BEP) administered 3-weekly x 4 remains standard 1st line chemotherapy for intermediate- and poor-risk metastatic germ cell tumours (GCTs). Cure rates are over 90% for good-risk disease, 85% with intermediate-risk, and about 70% for poor-risk disease. Previous strategies to improve first-line chemotherapy have failed to improve cure rates and were more toxic than BEP. New strategies are needed for patients with intermediate and poor-risk disease. BEP is accelerated by cycling Cisplatin and etoposide 2-weekly instead of 3-weekly. The Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials Group (ANZUP) is conducting a trial comparing accelerated BEP with standard BEP. The aim of this study is to determine if accelerated BEP is superior to standard BEP as first-line chemotherapy for intermediate and poor risk metastatic GCTs.
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a severe bleeding disorder. Approximately 2/3 of patients achieve remission from first-line therapies. However, the underlying mechanism of corticosteroid-resistant or relapsed ITP is not well understood; thus, treatment remains a great challenge. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has an immunomodulatory effect on haematopoiesis, making it a possible treatment option.

A multicentre prospective study was performed in non-splenectomized ITP patients who were either resistant to a standard dose of corticosteroids or had relapsed. Patients were randomized to ATRA+danazol and danazol monotherapy group. Platelet count, bleeding and other symptoms were evaluated before and after treatment. Adverse events are also recorded throughout the study, in order to compare the efficacy and safety of ATRA plus danazol with danazol monotherapy in patients with corticosteroid-resistant/relapsed ITP.
All participants will receive induction chemotherapy (IC; every 3 weeks × 3 cycles; gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 day 1, 8 + cisplatin 80 mg/m2 day 1) followed by intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT; 70 Gy, 33 fractions, 5 fractions/week, 1 fraction/day) alone. PD-1 blocking antibody (360 mg per cycle) will start on day 1 of the first cycle IC and continue every 3 weeks for 6 cycles till the end of IMRT, involving the whole-course of IC + IMRT alone. The first and last 3 cycles of PD-1 blocking antibody are administrated concurrently with IC and IMRT, respectively. After 4 weeks of the completion of IMRT, adjuvant PD-1 blocking antibody (480 mg per cycle) will begin every 4 weeks for 6 cycles.
This systematic review aimed to synthesize the current evidence regarding neck sensorimotor testing in individuals with neck pain, assess the differences between neck pain groups and healthy controls, and recognize factors that might affect test results. We performed the data search using PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus databases. We used a two-step screening process to identify studies. Furthermore, we screened the reference lists for additional studies. Hedges g was used to present the difference between neck pain groups and asymptomatic individuals. We assessed the quality of the studies using the QUADAS tool. The final review included 34 studies, of which 25 were related to the joint position error test, four to the smooth pursuit neck torsion test and six to the balance test. Our meta-analysis showed poorer joint-position sense, oculomotor function, and wider postural sway in individuals with neck pain than healthy controls. The size of the difference between the groups seemed to be influenced by the intensity of the pain and the presence of dizziness. Therefore, it might be helpful in future studies to differentiate patients with neck pain into subgroups based on their symptom and demographic profiles to assess other factors that significantly affect cervical sensorimotor control.
BACKGROUND: Knowing the natural history of acute infections in primary care, defined as the course of a disease over time in the absence of specific therapy or treatment, can inform clinicians' and patients' expectations about illness recovery, but this evidence is fragmented across the literature. This scoping review aimed to map existing research and research gaps relevant to the natural history of acute infections.
METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL using a 2-phase hierarchical search approach. In Phase A, we focused on identifying systematic reviews synthesising natural history data for eligible infections (acute respiratory, urinary, and skin and soft tissue) and systematic reviews of treatment effectiveness (of RCTs with placebo or no treatment arm, or cohort studies). For infections without existing reviews, in Phase B, we searched for primary studies (placebo-controlled RCTs or cohort studies). Two reviewers independently screened and extracted the data (study characteristics, outcome data - e.g., symptom duration, proportion with resolution at various time points).
RESULTS: We identified 40 systematic reviews, reporting on 45 infections, most commonly (90%) respiratory tract infections. Six (15%) of these aimed to synthesise natural history information. Most reviews reported the proportion of participants with symptom resolution at various time point/s, with 58% providing data on mean symptom duration. Recovery data show the spontaneous resolution of some infections in some people. We found no eligible studies for cellulitis, ecthyma, carbuncle, and erysipelas.
CONCLUSIONS: Our review has shown that natural history evidence exists for many common acute infections. It can be utilised by clinicians in implementing patient-centred antibiotic stewardship strategies in primary care. Future research should focus on generating natural history evidence for skin and soft tissue infections and urinary tract infections.
Intervention group (IG) patients will receive usual care plus the SMILe-ICM (see below) when they come to their planned follow-up appointments at the University Hospital Basel. Thus, while IG participants will receive the same number of follow-up appointments as CG participants (depending on their state of health), they will also receive the SMILe-ICM, i.e., tailored self-management and behavioural support delivered by the combination of totally 12 face-to-face meetings with a Care Coordinator (CC) and the SMILeApp. The personal meetings with the CC will last around 40-90 minutes. The first three of them will occur during the initial alloSCT hospitalization, and the other nine will occur in the outpatient setting, beginning with biweekly and expanding to bi-monthly intervals until one year post-alloSCT.