anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Aminocaproic Acid Injection, is useful in enhancing hemostasis when fibrinolysis contributes to bleeding. In life-threatening situations, fresh whole blood transfusions, fibrinogen infusions, and other emergency measures may be required.

Fibrinolytic bleeding may frequently be associated with surgical complications following heart surgery (with or without cardiac bypass procedures), and portacaval shunt; hematological disorders such as aplastic anemia; acute and life-threatening abruptio placentae; hepatic cirrhosis; and neoplastic disease such as carcinoma of the prostate, lung, stomach, and cervix.

Urinary fibrinolysis, usually a normal physiological phenomenon, may frequently be associated with life-threatening complications following severe trauma, anoxia, and shock. Symptomatic of such complications is surgical hematuria (following prostatectomy and nephrectomy) or nonsurgical hematuria (accompanying polycystic or neoplastic diseases of the genitourinary system). (See WARNINGS.)
INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 is associated with higher morbimortality in pregnant people compared with non-pregnant people. At present, the benefits of maternal immunisation are considered to outweigh the risks, and therefore, vaccination is recommended during pregnancy. However, additional information is needed on the safety of the vaccines in this population.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This a retrospective cohort nested case-control study in pregnant people who attended maternity hospitals from eight Latin American and Caribbean countries. A perinatal electronic clinical history database with neonatal and obstetric information will be used. The proportion of pregnant people immunised with COVID-19 vaccines of the following maternal and neonatal events will be described: preterm infant, small for gestational age, low birth weight, stillbirth, neonatal death, congenital malformations, maternal near miss and maternal death. Moreover, the risk of prematurity, small for gestational age and low birth weight associated with exposure to COVID-19 vaccines will be estimated. Each case will be matched with two groups of three randomly selected controls. Controls will be matched by hospital and mother's age (±3 years) with an additional matching by delivery date and conception time in the first and second control groups, respectively. The estimated required sample size for the main analysis (exposure to any vaccine) concerning 'non-use' is at least 1009 cases (3027 controls) to detect an increased probability of vaccine-associated event risk of 30% and at least 650 cases (1950 controls) to detect 30% protection. Sensitivity and secondary analyses considering country, type of vaccine, exposure windows and completeness of immunisation will be reported.
ETHICS: The study protocol was reviewed by the Ethical Review Committee on Research of the Pan American Health Organization. Patient informed consent was waived due to the retrospective design and the utilisation of anonymised data (Ref. No: PAHOERC.0546.01). Results will be disseminated in open access journals.
PURPOSE: Perceived poor prognosis can lead to withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies (WLST) in patients who might otherwise recover. We characterized clinicians' approach to post-arrest prognostication in a multicenter clinical trial.
METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with clinicians who treated a comatose post-cardiac arrest patient enrolled in the Influence of Cooling Duration on Efficacy in Cardiac Arrest Patients (ICECAP) trial (NCT04217551). Two authors independently analyzed each interview using inductive and deductive coding. The clinician reported how they arrived at a prognosis for the specific patient. We summarized the frequency with which clinicians reported using objective diagnostics to formulate their prognosis, and compared the reported approaches to established guidelines. Each respondent provided demographic information and described local neuroprognostication practices.
RESULTS: We interviewed 30 clinicians at 19 US hospitals. Most claimed adherence to local hospital neuroprognostication protocols (n = 19). Prognostication led to WLST for perceived poor neurological prognosis in 15/30 patients, of whom most showed inconsistencies with guidelines or trial recommendations, respectively. In 10/15 WLST cases, clinicians reported relying on multimodal testing. A prevalent theme was the use of "clinical gestalt," defined as prognosticating based on a patient's overall appearance or a subjective impression in the absence of objective data. Many clinicians (21/30) reported using clinical gestalt for initial prognostication, with 9/21 expressing high confidence initially.
CONCLUSION: Clinicians in our study state they follow neuroprognostication guidelines in general but often do not do so in actual practice. They reported clinical gestalt frequently informed early, highly confident prognostic judgments, and few objective tests changed initial impressions. Subjective prognostication may undermine well-designed trials.
Over the course of history global population has witnessed deterioration of unprecedented scale caused by infectious transmission. The necessity to mitigate the infectious flow requires the launch of a well-directed and inclusive set of efforts. Motivated by the urge for continuous improvement in existing schemes, this article aims at the encapsulation of the dynamics of the spread of infectious diseases. The objectives are served by the launch of the infectious disease model. Moreover, an optimal control strategy is introduced to ensure the incorporation of the most feasible health interventions to reduce the number of infected individuals. The outcomes of the research are facilitated by stratifying the population into five compartments that are susceptible class, acute infected class, chronic infected class, recovered class, and vaccinated class. The optimal control strategy is formulated by incorporating specific control variables namely, awareness about medication, isolation, ventilation, vaccination rates, and quarantine level. The developed model is validated by proving the pivotal delicacies such as positivity, invariant region, reproduction number, stability, and sensitivity analysis. The legitimacy of the proposed model is delineated through the detailed sensitivity analysis along with the documentation of local and global features in a comprehensive manner. The maximum sensitivity index parameters are disease transmission and people moved from acute stages into chronic stages whose value is (0.439, 1) increase in parameter by 10 percent would increase the threshold quantity by (4.39, 1). Under the condition of a stable system, we witnessed an inverse relationship between susceptible class and time. Moreover, to assist the gain of the fundamental aim of this research, we take the control variables as time-dependent and obtain the optimal control strategy to minimize infected populations and to maximize the recovered population, simultaneously. The objectives are attained by the employment of the Pontryagin maximum principle. Furthermore, the efficacy of the usual health interventions such as quarantine, face mask usage, and hand sanitation are also noticed. The effectiveness of the suggested control plan is explained by using numerical evaluation. The advantages of the new strategy are highlighted in the article.
With more than 1.6 million transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) individuals in the United States, the investigators have witnessed an exponential increase in the number of gender-affirming surgeries performed in the last 2 decades. Of the affirming surgical spectrum, "bottom" genitourinary surgeries remain the most challenging. Specifically, phalloplasty is a masculinizing surgery for neophallus creation using free tissue transfer from other parts of the body and microvascular techniques for nerve and vessel reattachment. In radial forearm free flap (RFFF) phalloplasty, nerves from the forearm are harvested with the flap and sutured to nerves in the groin to provide postoperative sensation in the neophallus. Despite transmasculine patients ranking sensation as one of their top priorities, standard nerve coaptations performed in phalloplasty fail to provide consistent sensation with scarce dedicated research aimed at enhancing neophallus sensory outcomes. Without scientific advances, phalloplasty will remain far from perfect, negatively affecting patients' sexual health, causing dissatisfaction, and increasing the risk of surgical regret and persistent dysphoria.

Peripheral nerve regeneration remains the limiting factor for ideal sensory recovery due to the slow and inconsistent rates of regeneration, and the negative effects of axonal degeneration that occurs post-injury. The investigators advocate for using polyethylene glycol as a "fusogen" to achieve nerve fusion in peripheral nerve coaptations. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a hydrophilic compound that enhances the fusion of the lipid bilayer membrane of severed axons, restoring the nerve's immediate ability to conduct electrical signals across the repair site. The investigators have conducted extensive mammalian and preliminary human studies using our novel PEG-fusion protocol for nerve coaptations. In both ex-vivo and in-vivo studies in rats with severed sciatic nerves, PEG-assisted nerve coaptation restored morphological continuity and led to a remarkable early improvement in functional outcomes. In the first human PEG fusion of injured digital nerves performed by our team, the investigators saw rapid nerve recovery and early functional outcomes as early as one week. Based on the investigator's experience with PEG fusion, the investigators will be conducting a randomized clinical trial to test the efficacy of PEG-assisted nerve coaptation in achieving superior neophallus sensory function following phalloplasty.
As with spontaneous abortion, a process which is sometimes incomplete, abortion induced by HEMABATE may be expected to be incomplete in about 20% of cases.

Although the incidence of cervical trauma is extremely small, the cervix should always be carefully examined immediately post-abortion.

Use of HEMABATE is associated with transient pyrexia that may be due to its effect on hypothalamic thermoregulation. Temperature elevations exceeding 2° F (1.1° C) were observed in approximately one-eighth of the patients who received the recommended dosage regimen. In all cases, temperature returned to normal when therapy ended. Differentiation of post-abortion endometritis from drug-induced temperature elevations is difficult, but with increasing clinical experience, the distinctions become more obvious and are summarized below:
To investigate the relationship between carotid plaque and monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) in postmenopausal women. A cross-sectional study was conducted and 214 postmenopausal women who underwent physical examination at the Health Management Center of Heping Hospital affiliated to Changzhi Medical College between August 2018 and August 2022 were enrolled. The subjects were grouped according to the results of carotid ultrasound. The general information, blood pressure, biochemical markers, and routine blood indicators were compared between the 2 groups. Binary logistic regression was performed to analyze the correlation between MHR and carotid plaque in postmenopausal women, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of MHR for carotid plaque in this population. The carotid plaque group showed a lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (1.21 [1.08-1.425] vs 1.29 [1.15-1.445] mmol/L, Z = -2.115, P = .034) and a higher MHR [0.33 ± 0.1 vs 0.26 ± 0.1, t = -5.756, P < .001] when compared to the no carotid plaque group. After adjusting for potential confounders such height, weight, and HDL-C, binary logistic regression analysis revealed that MHR continued to be an independent risk factor for the formation of carotid plaque in postmenopausal women (odds ratio [OR] = 1.795, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.198-2.689, P = .005). ROC curve analysis indicated that MHR had a 95% CI of 0.656 to 0.793 in predicting carotid plaque formation, an optimal cut-point of 0.265, and a sensitivity and specificity of 82.2% and 58.9%, respectively. MHR is a distinct risk factor for carotid plaque formation in postmenopausal women.
Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a neurological condition observed in premature infants, characterized by hypomyelination and activation of microglia. Maternal inflammation-induced brain injury in offspring significantly contributes to the development of PVL. Currently, there are no clinical pharmaceutical interventions available for pregnant women to prevent maternal inflammation-mediated brain injury in their offspring. Inosine has been shown to modulate the immune response in diverse stressful circumstances, such as injury, ischemia, and inflammation. The aim of this investigation was to examine the potential prophylactic impact of inosine on offspring PVL induced by maternal inflammation. This was accomplished by administering a 1 mg/ml inosine solution (40 ml daily) to pregnant Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats for 16 consecutive days prior to their intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (350 µg/kg, once a day, for two days). The results showed that maternal inosine pretreatment significantly reversed the reduction in MBP and CNPase (myelin-related markers), CC-1 and Olig2 (oligodendrocyte-related markers) in their PVL pups (P7), suggesting that inosine administration during pregnancy could improve hypomyelination and enhance the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) in their PVL pups. Furthermore, the protective mechanism of inosine against PVL is closely associated with the activation and polarization of microglia. This is evidenced by a notable reduction in the quantity of IBA 1-positive microglia, a decrease in the level of CD86 (a marker for M1 microglia), an increase in the level of Arg 1 (a marker for M2 microglia), as well as a decrease in the level of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and an increase in the level of anti-inflammatory factors IL-4 and IL-10 in the brain of PVL pups following maternal inosine pretreatment. Taken together, inosine pretreatment of pregnant rats can improve hypomyelination in their PVL offspring by triggering the M1/M2 switch of microglia.
The purpose of this study was to systematically review the randomized and non-randomized clinical trials (RCT; nRCT) concerning the different available osteotomies for surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME): pterygomaxillary disjunction (SARME + PD vs SARME-PD) and segmental Le Fort I osteotomy (2-piece vs 3-piece). Outcomes focused on skeletal, dental, upper airway changes, complications, and relapse. Two authors investigated five databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science) until August 2023. The Cochrane Collaboration Tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale were used for the quality assessment of the included RCTs and nRCTs, respectively. A total of 554 articles were retrieved and after duplicates removing and full-text reading, 40 studies were included. Two RCTs showed a low risk of bias, one an unclear risk and one a high risk. Among the non-RCTs, 15 studies showed a good quality, while 21 exhibited a fair quality score. SARME + PD resulted in more homogeneous posterior bone expansion, with minimal dental effects. No difference between 2-piece and 3-piece in asymmetric expansion was observed, although 3SO showed 1-2 mm of more transverse increase. The oropharynx minimum cross-sectional area, the nasopharynx and the oropharynx volume were greater in SARME + PD. Both dental and bone relapse can occur but no differences between the groups were observed. All osteotomies guaranteed a correction of transverse maxillary deficiency. Lower side effects were described in SARME + PD. Two-piece and 3-piece segmental Le Fort I osteotomies did not show any differences in the symmetry and amount of expansion.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a means that stops the tears resulting from the pollinosis and nasal catarrh by inhaling from nose the smoke that burned the leaf of pine tree. SOLUTION: Many people are troubled by nasal catarrh, pollinosis, the allergy, etc., in Japan in recent years at the seasonal change. When I was a child, my father was making the charcoal in the mountain. The juniper the evergreen tall tree belonging to the department of a hinoki cypress, the leaves are like needle and the fruits are black purple small globular form, and juniper oil is taken, and it becomes diuretic) was burned in the pot of making charcoal by chance, and the smoke was unconsciously inhaled several times through the nose, it remembered that nasal mucus stopped. When I, the family acquaintance, etc., burned the leaves of a pine and sucked the smoke, nasal congestion came to cancel and feeling felt it refreshed. I find that the tear by pollinosis, nasal catarrh and the allergy stops at inhaling several times from a nose the smoke that burned the leaves of this pine.
The invention designs novel 18F labeled p-nitro benzoyl amino acid derivatives. The derivatives are characterized in that one end of the derivatives is provided with 2-fluorine 18-4-nitro benzoyl structure, and the other end of the derivatives is provided with alpha-amino acid derivative structure (derived group R2 is methoxyl group, methylamino group and N,N-dimethylamino group respectively); and substituent R1 is positioned on an alpha site of carbonyl group and is hydrogen, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, isobutyl group, benzyl group, 2-methylthio-ethyl group, carboxyethyl group, carboxypropyl group, phenyl or imidazole methyl group. The structures at two ends are directly connected through amido bond. The structure of the derivatives is shown in a formula A. The compounds are simple to synthesize, fast to label, large in the amount of initial absorption and slow to clear in tumor tissue, low in uptake or fast to clear in other normal tissue and blood and high in degree of distinguishing tumor from background. The invention also relates to the application of the compounds serving as a PET brain tumor imaging agent.
A first inlet flow can be directed along an axial direction in a hydrocyclonic flow cell. The first inlet flow can include first constituent molecules. At a same time, one or more second inlet flows can be directed along a circumferential direction of the hydrocyclonic flow cell. Each second inlet flow can include a buffer solution. The first inlet flow can be subjected to flow focusing by a surrounding primary vortex formed by the one or more second inlet flows, so as to generate a flow comprising a plurality of nanoparticles at an outlet of the hydrocyclonic flow cell. Each nanoparticle can be formed by a respective plurality of the first constituent molecules.
Participants in the intensive antiplatelet group will receive Aspirin+Dipyridamole+Clopidogrel triple therapy for 28-30 days (to cover the period of maximum risk of recurrence) along with standard 'best care' (including lifestyle advice, BP and lipid lowering). Clop will be given as a loading dose of 300 mg,12 then 75 mg daily, Asp as a loading dose of 300 mg,22 then 75 mg daily, and Dip modified release 200 mg twice daily 9 for 28-30 days.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Visible perivascular spaces are an MRI marker of cerebral small vessel disease and might predict future stroke. However, results from existing studies vary. We aimed to clarify this through a large collaborative multicenter analysis.
METHODS: We pooled individual patient data from a consortium of prospective cohort studies. Participants had recent ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), underwent baseline MRI, and were followed up for ischemic stroke and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Perivascular spaces in the basal ganglia (BGPVS) and perivascular spaces in the centrum semiovale (CSOPVS) were rated locally using a validated visual scale. We investigated clinical and radiologic associations cross-sectionally using multinomial logistic regression and prospective associations with ischemic stroke and ICH using Cox regression.
RESULTS: We included 7,778 participants (mean age 70.6 years; 42.7% female) from 16 studies, followed up for a median of 1.44 years. Eighty ICH and 424 ischemic strokes occurred. BGPVS were associated with increasing age, hypertension, previous ischemic stroke, previous ICH, lacunes, cerebral microbleeds, and white matter hyperintensities. CSOPVS showed consistently weaker associations. Prospectively, after adjusting for potential confounders including cerebral microbleeds, increasing BGPVS burden was independently associated with future ischemic stroke (versus 0-10 BGPVS, 11-20 BGPVS: HR 1.19, 95% CI 0.93-1.53; 21+ BGPVS: HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.10-2.06; p = 0.040). Higher BGPVS burden was associated with increased ICH risk in univariable analysis, but not in adjusted analyses. CSOPVS were not significantly associated with either outcome.
DISCUSSION: In patients with ischemic stroke or TIA, increasing BGPVS burden is associated with more severe cerebral small vessel disease and higher ischemic stroke risk. Neither BGPVS nor CSOPVS were independently associated with future ICH.
OBJECTIVE: In Germany, only few data on the current distribution of paratuberculosis in sheep and goat flocks is available. The present study provides an overview of the distribution of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in 165 Thuringian sheep and goat flocks. Also, the study investigated the association between the MAP status of the flock and herd specific factors as well as the association between the individual measured value of ELISA and animal specific factors like age, body condition, sex, and animal species.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: To investigate the prevalence of MAP, serum samples from 2550 sheep and 1171 goats from 165 flocks (flock size 2 to 2879 animals) were serologically examined for MAP antibodies in 2021. Additionally, 1 to 6 environmental faecal samples were collected from every flock depending on the flock size. They were examined for the presence of MAP by using both bacteriological cultivation and a commercially available real-time-PCR.
RESULTS: MAP antibodies were detected in 41 sheep (1.6%) and 29 goats (2.5%), which accounts to a detection of MAP antibodies in 20.6% of the 165 flocks (on herd level). The symptoms of paratuberculosis, weight loss with preserved appetite and altered fecal consistency, were observed in only four of the flocks. A positive association was identified between the detection of MAP or MAP-specific antibodies in a flock and flock size, as well as positive association between the measured value in the Elisa (s/p ratio) and the age of the animal. Furthermore, an association between an increasing s/p ratio of the ELISA and a decreasing body condition was found.
CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Given what is known about the distribution of paratuberculosis in small ruminants, this disease should always be considered as a possible cause of weight loss and diarrhea. In case of high within-herd prevalence herd-specific control measures should be considered. In serological herd monitoring, animals with poor body condition should preferably be included in the sample, as the probability of being able to identify MAP positive animals is higher here.