anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: The temporal ordering of biomarkers for cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is important for their use in trials and for the understanding of the pathological cascade of CAA. We investigated the presence and abnormality of the most common biomarkers in the largest (pre)symptomatic Dutch-type hereditary CAA (D-CAA) cohort to date.
METHODS: We included cross-sectional data from participants with (pre)symptomatic D-CAA and controls without CAA. We investigated CAA-related cerebral small vessel disease markers on 3T-MRI, cerebrovascular reactivity with functional 7T-MRI (fMRI) and amyloid-β40 and amyloid-β42 levels in cerebrospinal fluid. We calculated frequencies and plotted biomarker abnormality according to age to form scatterplots.
RESULTS: We included 68 participants with D-CAA (59% presymptomatic, mean age, 50 [range, 26-75] years; 53% women), 53 controls (mean age, 51 years; 42% women) for cerebrospinal fluid analysis and 36 controls (mean age, 53 years; 100% women) for fMRI analysis. Decreased cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-β40 and amyloid-β42 levels were the earliest biomarkers present: all D-CAA participants had lower levels of amyloid-β40 and amyloid-β42 compared with controls (youngest participant 30 years). Markers of nonhemorrhagic injury (>20 enlarged perivascular spaces in the centrum semiovale and white matter hyperintensities Fazekas score, ≥2, present in 83% [n=54]) and markers of impaired cerebrovascular reactivity (abnormal BOLD amplitude, time to peak and time to baseline, present in 56% [n=38]) were present from the age of 30 years. Finally, markers of hemorrhagic injury were present in 64% (n=41) and only appeared after the age of 41 years (first microbleeds and macrobleeds followed by cortical superficial siderosis).
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that amyloid biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid are the first to become abnormal in CAA, followed by MRI biomarkers for cerebrovascular reactivity and nonhemorrhagic injury and lastly hemorrhagic injury. This temporal ordering probably reflects the pathological stages of CAA and should be taken into account when future therapeutic trials targeting specific stages are designed.
The invention concerns the use of a 5-HT¿4? receptor ligand or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said ligand and of a nucleic acid encoding a functional 5-HT¿4? receptor or a functionally equivalent receptor for preparing a medicine for treating and/or preventing a pathology related to an obsessive behaviour such as anorexia, bulimia and abuse drug addiction or obesity. The invention also concerns a method for identifying a compound biologically active in the treatment and/or prevention of a pathology related to an obsessive behaviour or obesity characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (a) contacting the 5-HT¿4? receptor or a functionally equivalent receptor with said biologically active compound, and (b) determining whether said biologically active compound is capable of modulating the basal activity of the 5-HT¿4? receptor or of a functionally equivalent receptor.
A single 120 mg dose of the capsule results in detectable plasma levels within 2 to 3 hours and peak plasma levels at 6 to 11 hours. The apparent elimination half-life after single or multiple dosing is 5 to 7 hours. A departure from linearity similar to that observed with the diltiazem hydrochloride tablet is observed. As the dose of diltiazem hydrochloride extended-release capsules is increased from a daily dose of 120 mg (60 mg b.i.d.) to 240 mg (120 mg b.i.d.) daily, there is an increase in area-under-the-curve of 2.6 times. When the dose is increased from 240 mg to 360 mg daily, there is an increase in area-under-the-curve of 1.8 times. The average plasma levels of the capsule dosed twice daily at steady-state are equivalent to the tablet dosed four times daily when the same total daily dose is administered.
The present invention relates to a Bacillus siamensis HDB8077 strain (accession number: KCCM12989P) isolated from Dendrobium candidum Wall. ex Lindley flowers and a hair care cosmetic composition containing Dendrobium candidum Wall. ex Lindley flower culture. The culture is cultured by adding Dendrobium candidum Wall. ex Lindley flower powder to the culture medium of Bacillus siamensis HDB8077 strain, and has hair root strengthening effect, hair growth effect, androgenic alopecia alleviation effect, and enhanced expression of ceramide biosynthesis enzyme. Accordingly, the culture can be easily used as a multi-functional hair composition.
A double-blind, randomized, comparative, parallel-group, multicenter study in primary cardiac transplant recipients was performed at 20 centers in the United States, 1 in Canada, 5 in Europe and 2 in Australia. The total number of patients enrolled was 650; 72 never received study drug and 578 received study drug. Patients received CellCept 1.5 g bid (n=289) or azathioprine 1.5 to 3 mg/kg/day (n=289), in combination with cyclosporine (Sandimmune® or Neoral®) and corticosteroids as maintenance immunosuppressive therapy. The two primary efficacy endpoints were: (1) the proportion of patients who, after transplantation, had at least one endomyocardial biopsy-proven rejection with hemodynamic compromise, or were retransplanted or died, within the first 6 months, and (2) the proportion of patients who died or were retransplanted during the first 12 months following transplantation. Patients who prematurely discontinued treatment were followed for the occurrence of allograft rejection for up to 6 months and for the occurrence of death for 1 year.

(1) Rejection: No difference was established between CellCept and azathioprine (AZA) with respect to biopsy-proven rejection with hemodynamic compromise.

(2) Survival: CellCept was shown to be at least as effective as AZA in preventing death or retransplantation at 1 year (see Table 6).
After TURBT administered for 2 consecutive years, oral propranolol, starting dose 10mg, tid, then 20mg, tid,lastly increased to 40mg, bid. After the last BCG infusion, propranolol was gradually reduced, in the order of 20 mg, tid to 10 mg, tid.
Procedure for obtaining imidazo (1,5-d) -astriazin-4 (3h) -onas and tionas. Consist of heating a compound of general formula (I) in a non-polar organic solvent of high ebullition point, at a temperature of 175-275 g, for a sufficient time for the cycling to have place. Optatively, it can be treated. The product obtained with chlorine or bromine in a solvent inert at a temperature between 60 and 90gc. A composite of general formula (II) is obtained. *formula* (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
Type I interferonopathies represent a subgroup of autoinflammatory diseases caused by mutations in genes associated with proteasome degradation or cytoplasmic RNA- and DNA- sensing pathways. Among them, Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) ischaracterised by both neurological and extra-neurological involvement with onset in childhood. Chronic inflammation in response to uncontrolled type I IFN production is, among other things, associated with IP-10 secretion. The inventors analysed, at the single-cell transcriptomic levels, peripheral blood samples from patients bearing mutations in three AGS-causing genes, i.e., SAMHD1, RNASEH2B or ADAR1 genes. Using machine-learning approaches and differential gene expression performed on these single-cell data, they identified a drastic loss of transcription factor hypoxia induced factor 1 α (HIF-1α) expression associated with features of a metabolic switch and mitochondrial stress in monocytes/dendritic cells of patients. Chemical stabilization of HIF-1α, with a synthetic drug (DMOG) in an in vitro model of AGS, allowed the inventors to reverse the energy metabolic switch, attenuate mitochondrial stress and markedly reduce IP-10 production. The inventors therefore propose that inappropriate energy metabolic switch contributes to exacerbated chronic inflammation in AGS, and that targeting this pathway might represent a promising therapeutic approach.
NEW MATERIAL:A derivative expressed by the formula [R1 and R2 are H or OH; X is O, N-OR4 (R4 is H, OH, amino or 1-5C lower alkyl which may be substituted by 1-3C lower alkylamino)]. EXAMPLE:20-(2-Methylpropyl)oxyimino-9,10-seco-5,7,10(19)-pregnat-rien- 3beta-ol. USE:An antiallergic agent, antirheumatic agent and antitumor agent. PREPARATION:Pregneolone acetate and N-bromosuccinimide are refluxed in the presence of a base, e.g. NaHCO3, in an inert solvent while heating to brominate the 7-position. The resultant reaction product is dehydrobrominated with collidine in an inert solvent to give a 5,7-diene derivative, which is then hydrolyzed to give a compound. The resultant compound is further irradiated with ultraviolet light in an inert solvent and heated, etc., to afford the aimed compound expressed by the formula.
NEW MATERIAL:1-N,N-diallylcarbamoyl-3-allyl-5-fluorouracil shown by the formula I . USE:Useful as an intermediate for synthesizing 1-N,N-bis(2,3-epoxypropyl)carbamoyl-3-(2,3-epoxypropyl)-5-fluorouracil having carcinostatic activity. PREPARATION:1-N-allylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil shown by the formula II is reacted with an allyl halide [shown by the formula III (X is Cl, Br, or I), and allyl chloride, allyl brimide, etc. may be cited] in the presence of a deoxidizer usually at room temperature -100 deg.C for 5-100hr preferably in a polar solvent such as dimethylformamide, etc. to give a compound shown by the formula I . Triethylamine, alkali carbonate, etc. may be used as the deoxidizer, and an amount of it used is preferably 2.2-3.0mol based on 1mol compound shown by the formula I .
NSEs will be performed based on a well-structured framework of evidence-based exercises for facilitation of deep neck muscles, improved interaction between the different muscle layers of the neck, increased neck muscle endurance, and improved postural control \[15, 30\]. To ensure that the exercises are learned and performed correctly, the participant will meet with a physiotherapist a total of four times, once during weeks 2, 3, 4, and 7 (week 1=first visit for a clinical examination due to law) for instruction, guidance, and support. In addition to photos, videos, and text regarding the exercises, the digital support (web-based program at the support and treatment platform Inera via 1177 managed by the County Councils) also contains information about why it is important to exercise the neck muscles, factors that may cause neck pain, how relapses can be handled, ergonomic advice related to the neck, and an exercise diary.
The Astragalus mongholicus Bunge and Panax notoginseng formula (A&P) has been clinically shown to effectively slow down the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and has demonstrated significant anti-fibrosis effects in experimental CKD model. However, the specific active ingredients and underlying mechanism are still unclear. The active ingredients of A&P were analyzed by Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-HR-MS). A mouse model of CKD was constructed by 5/6 nephrectomy. Renal function was assessed by creatinine and urea nitrogen. Real-time PCR and Western Blot were performed to detect the mRNA and protein changes in kidney and cells. An in vitro fibrotic cell model was constructed by TGF-β induction in TCMK-1 cells. The results showed that thirteen active ingredients of A&P were identified by UPLC-HR-MS, nine of which were identified by analysis with standards, among which the relative percentage of NOB was high. We found that NOB treatment significantly improved renal function, pathological damage and reduced the expression level of fibrotic factors in CKD mice. The results also demonstrated that Lgals1 was overexpressed in the interstitial kidney of CKD mice, and NOB treatment significantly reduced its expression level, while inhibiting PI3K and AKT phosphorylation. Interestingly, overexpression of Lgals1 significantly increased fibrosis in TCMK1 cells and upregulated the activity of PI3K and AKT, which were strongly inhibited by NOB treatment. NOB is one of the main active components of A&P. The molecular mechanism by which NOB ameliorates renal fibrosis in CKD may be through the inhibition of Lgals1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
The control group will receive normal saline placebo subcutaneously every 6 hours for period of 10 days. For subjects meeting complete response criteria at 5 days, dosing will be decreased to twice daily for the remaining 5 days.
Older African Americans suffer from disproportionately high rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. In response to the health disparity between older African Americans and whites, national mandates have called for new research on innovative approaches to CVD prevention in this high risk population. Oxidative stress has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic CVD. Available evidence from epidemiological studies, clinical trials, and laboratory mechanistic studies indicate that antioxidant interventions may be useful in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic CVD in high risk older populations. Furthermore, it has been hypothesized that dietary or food sources of antioxidant nutrients may be more clinically effective than conventional nonfood-derived vitamin supplementation. Surveys indicate relatively high rates of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use, including herbal medicines, in older African Americans. Yet, with the exception of the previous clinical trials of the present Center team, there have been few controlled studies on CAM therapies in older African Americans and no previous controlled studies on efficacy and mechanisms of herbal antioxidants for the prevention of CVD in this high risk population. Preliminary studies have found that a CAM herbal preparation (MAK) derived from traditional Vedic medicine demonstrates potent antioxidant and anti-atherogenic effects in laboratory and pilot human studies. This study will evaluate the effects of this traditional CAM herbal preparation in older African Americans.

This will be a controlled clinical trial at field site, Howard University Medical Center in Washington, DC, involving 138 older African American men and women (55 years of age and older) with documented atherosclerotic CVD who will be randomized to supplementation with either the traditional CAM herbal preparation (MAK 4+5), conventional vitamin cocktail (E+C) or placebo for 12 months. Clinical and mechanistic outcomes include carotid artery atherosclerosis (IMT), endothelial dysfunction (brachial artery reactivity), oxidized LDL, traditional CVD risk factors (BP, lipids, diet, exercise, smoking, weight) and quality of life. Participants will continue usual care. The results of this clinical study will provide much needed understanding of the basic and clinical effects of a traditional herbal antioxidant preparation on pathophysiological mechanisms of atherosclerotic CVD in this high risk group. This will facilitate translation of research findings on CAM into clinical practice for prevention of disease in this underserved and understudied population of high risk older African Americans.
OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the safety and toxicity of cellular immunotherapy using ex vivo expanded autologous CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte clones genetically modified to express the CE7R scFvFc:zeta chimeric immunoreceptor and the HyTK selection/suicide gene in children with recurrent or refractory disseminated neuroblastoma. II. Determine the antitumor activity of this regimen in these patients. III. Determine the duration of in vivo persistence of adoptively transferred clones and the effect of interleukin-2 on maintaining the in vivo persistence of these clones. IV. Screen for the development of host anti-scFvFc:zeta and HyTK immune responses in patients treated with this regimen. V. Determine the efficacy of ganciclovir in ablating transferred clones in vivo if toxicity occurs in these patients.

OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study. Patients undergo autologous peripheral blood stem cell harvest. CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) clones are isolated, genetically modified to express the CE7R scFvFc:zeta chimeric immunoreceptor and the HyTK selection/suicide gene, and then expanded ex vivo. While the modified CTL clones are being generated, patients each receive an individualized salvage chemotherapy regimen that may consist of one of the following: cyclophosphamide and topotecan; ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide; or another chemotherapy regimen chosen by the patient's primary oncologist. The first cohort of 5 patients receives escalating doses of modified CTL clones IV over 30 minutes on days 0, 14, and 28 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Each patient begins the series of 3 infusions as soon as an adequate number of modified CTL clones are ready and after the acute side effects of chemotherapy have resolved. In the absence of unacceptable toxicity in the first cohort, the second cohort of 5 patients receives the same treatment as cohort 1 plus interleukin-2 subcutaneously every 12 hours on days 15-24 and 29-38. Patients with unacceptable toxicity receive ganciclovir IV every 12 hours for 14 days (or longer if symptomatic resolution is not achieved in that interval). Patients are followed at day 100 and then periodically thereafter.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 10 patients will be accrued for this study within 3 years.
Participants receive Mindfulness Relaxation (MR) therapy as in the pilot phase. A CD with the mindfulness relaxation technique recorded on it will be given to participant. Participant to listen to the recording for about 30 minutes before receiving chemotherapy and during the time they are receiving chemotherapy. In addition to the mindfulness relaxation technique, they will also receive general information about how to manage symptoms that develop due to the chemotherapy they are receiving.
This review provides an in-depth examination of the role that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play in the progression of prostate cancer (PCa), with a particular focus on the factors influencing the polarization of M1 and M2 macrophages and the implications of targeting these cells for cancer progression. The development and prognosis of PCa are significantly influenced by the behavior of macrophages within the tumor microenvironment. M1 macrophages typically exhibit anti-tumor properties by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), thereby enhancing the immune response. Conversely, M2 macrophages contribute to tumor cell migration and invasion through the production of factors like arginase-1 (Arg1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). This review not only explores the diverse factors that affect macrophage polarization but also delves into the potential therapeutic strategies targeting macrophage polarization, including the critical roles of non-coding RNA and exosomes in regulating this process. The polarization state of macrophages is highlighted as a key determinant in PCa progression, offering a novel perspective for clinical treatment. Future research should concentrate on gaining a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying macrophage polarization and on developing effective targeted therapeutic strategies. The exploration of the potential of combination therapies to improve treatment efficacy is also emphasized. By emphasizing the importance of macrophages as a therapeutic target in PCa, this review aims to provide valuable insights and research directions for clinicians and researchers.
PURPOSE:To obtain microcapsules efficiently in the same system by forming pyridonecarboxylic acid-containing spherical particles from a suspension using a combination of specific solvents and then adding a solution of film-forming substance. CONSTITUTION:(A) A pyridonecarboxylic acid and (B) a hydrophilic substance are suspended in a mixed solvent of a solvent (e.g. n-hexane, cyclohexane or petroleum ether) which is a poor solvent to the component A, the component B and (C) a film- forming substance and does not have compatibility with water and a solvent (e.g. acetone, ethanol or isopropanol) which is a poor solvent to the component A and the component B and a good solvent to the component C and has good compatibility with water and blended with a good solvent (e.g. ammonia water) to both the component A and the component B or water to produce pyridonecarboxylic acid-containing spherical particles. The particles, without being taken out, are dissolved in a water immiscible solvent (e.g. dichloromethane or chloroform) which is a poor solvent both to the component A and the component B and a good solvent to the component C and mixed with the film-forming substance to give microcapsules.
Learning disabilities (LDs) are a group of neurodevelopmental deficits that negatively affect the acquisition, organization, retention, comprehension, or application of age appropriate knowledge. Persons with LD lead a subsidized quality of life, especially in academic/vocational and psychosocial domains. A certificate issued by the medical boards at a state or district level is required to avail benefits such as scribes or relaxations. This may be done through a series of assessments by psychologists, special educators, or other health-care professionals. The authors aim to understand if uniformity exists in the assessment methods used for the diagnosis of LD globally and to prepare a gap analysis for the same. A systematic review was performed on English literature articles published from January 2005 to August 2023. Full-text studies reporting assessment and diagnostic methods of LD were included. A total of 1246 records were identified through a manual search of an electronic database. Seven duplicates were removed and 1174 studies were excluded based on the relevance by screening titles, abstracts, and full texts. Sixty-five studies were included and analyzed. The authors found a lack of uniformity in this diagnostic protocol, leading to uncertainty in disability certification, doctor shopping, and additional stress for the patients, as well as added burden on the government. Identification of LD requires a multistep assessment process with culturally relevant tools and norms and the participation of a multidisciplinary team of experts.
Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability and is often associated with persistent involvement of upper limbs.Several disturbances are the manifestation of UL impairments after stroke (i.e., muscle weakness, changes in muscle tone, joint disturbances, impaired motor control) . Muscular weakness and spasticity are most commonly observed in post stroke patients. There are many strategies are developed to improve functional status and to reduce spasticity pattern in post stroke patients. Among the different approaches to improve motor functions in post stroke patients, vibration therapy gives strong stimulatory effects in post paretic limb. Segmental muscle vibration (SMV) is a fairly new technique that has been used to improve motor function and inhibit spasticity in the hemiplegic upper extremity of patients following a stroke. In SMV, a vibratory stimulus is applied to a specific muscle tendon using a mechanical device unit.The aim of this study is to observe and to compare effects of segmental vibration on flexors versus extensor muscle groups on upper limb function in post-stroke patients. This study will be helpful in finding out that either low frequency segmental vibration on flexors muscle group is better in improving upper limb function or low frequency segmental vibration on extensor muscle group is more beneficent in improving upper limb function.