anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A clinical diagnosis of PDAC was defined by results of a multidisciplinary team meeting consisting of at least a consultant hepatopancreaticobiliary surgeon, consultant hepatopancreaticobiliary physician, consultant histopathologist and consultant radiologist. ERCP findings, endoscopic ultrasound findings, biliary brushing cytology, and fine needle aspiration cytology were anonymised and recorded. The combination of a pancreatic mass on radiographic imaging without acute cholangiopathy, and clinical or radiographic progression after ≥12 months of follow-up, or death clinically and radiographically determined to be due to pancreatic cancer. For surgical resection and biopsy specimens, diagnoses and staging were rendered based on standard histo-morphological criteria. For the purposes of analysis, pathological staging was used in preference to clinical staging where possible.
Administration of enalapril to patients with hypertension of severity ranging from mild to severe results in a reduction of both supine and standing blood pressure usually with no orthostatic component. Symptomatic postural hypotension is therefore infrequent, although it might be anticipated in volume-depleted patients (see WARNINGS).

In most patients studied, after oral administration of a single dose of enalapril, onset of antihypertensive activity was seen at one hour with peak reduction of blood pressure achieved by four to six hours.

At recommended doses, antihypertensive effects have been maintained for at least 24 hours. In some patients the effects may diminish toward the end of the dosing interval (see DOSAGEAND ADMINISTRATION).

In some patients achievement of optimal blood pressure reduction may require several weeks of therapy.

The antihypertensive effects of enalapril have continued during long term therapy. Abrupt withdrawal of enalapril has not been associated with a rapid increase in blood pressure.

In hemodynamic studies in patients with essential hypertension, blood pressure reduction was accompanied by a reduction in peripheral arterial resistance with an increase in cardiac output and little or no change in heart rate. Following administration of enalapril, there is an increase in renal blood flow; glomerular filtration rate is usually unchanged. The effects appear to be similar in patients with renovascular hypertension.

When given together with thiazide-type diuretics, the blood pressure lowering effects of enalapril are approximately additive.

In a clinical pharmacology study, indomethacin or sulindac was administered to hypertensive patients receiving enalapril. In this study there was no evidence of a blunting of the antihypertensive action of enalapril (see PRECAUTIONS, Drug Interactions).
While highly effective both RYGB and SG may lead to increased bone resorption, decreased bone mass, and increased risk of some fractures. Very few studies have compared the effects of the RYGB and the SG on changes skeletal health and findings have been inconsistent. Furthermore, few studies have investigated the short- or long-term consequences of bariatric surgery on bone mineral density in pre- and post-menopausal women. To what extent and how bariatric surgery impacts the skeleton largely remains undetermined. Because estrogen is protective against osteoporosis and fractures, the majority of fractures occur in postmenopausal women. It is important that women have higher rates of obesity (38.3%) compared to men (34.3%) and that ≥67% of bariatric patients are women. Therefore, women may be at a significantly increased risk of developing osteoporosis. These data may help establish clinical guidelines to assess, maintain, and promote skeletal health in the preoperative and postoperative care of bariatric patients; and it may help to determine the appropriate bariatric procedure for women at risk of osteoporosis and fractures.
Fluconazole is indicated for the treatment of:

  1. Vaginal candidiasis (vaginal yeast infections due to Candida).
  2. Oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis. In open noncomparative studies of relatively small numbers of patients, fluconazole was also effective for the treatment of Candida urinary tract infections, peritonitis, and systemic Candida infections including candidemia, disseminated candidiasis, and pneumonia.
  3. Cryptococcal meningitis. Before prescribing fluconazole for AIDS patients with cryptococcal meningitis, please see CLINICAL STUDIES section. Studies comparing fluconazole to amphotericin B in non-HIV infected patients have not been conducted.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seamless capsule containing a large quantity of an effective component hardly soluble in both of water and oil and a method for producing the same. SOLUTION: An encapsulating soln. 1 wherein an effective component hardly soluble in water and oil is suspended in oil as particles with an average particle size of 20μm or less is encapsulated by a hydrophilic outer skin. This seamless capsule SC is produced by dripping a suspension prepared as the encapsulating soln. 1 by dispersing the effective component hardly soluble in water and oil in oil and the effective component in the dispersion is ground by a wet grinder 11 so as to have an average particle size of 20μm or less and an aq. soln. of a film forming substance being an outer skin forming soln. 3 in a curing soln. from a multiple nozzle 7.
Combination therapy with the preliminary RP2D A of MK-4830, and pembrolizumab, in participants who have histologically or cytologically-confirmed recurrent or metastatic (R/M) gastric or gastroesophageal (GE) junction adenocarcinoma and who have been previously treated with at least 2 prior lines of therapy. MK-4830 will be administered IV following pembrolizumab infusion, Q3W, starting with Cycle 1, Day 1, for a maximum of 35 cycles. Each cycle is 21 days. Pembrolizumab will be administered by IV, Q3W, starting with Cycle 1, Day 1. Each cycle is 21 days. The combination may be administered for a maximum of 35 cycles (up to approximately 2 years).
Tranexamic acid, once a randomly used antifibrinolytic agent, has been in standard protocols for many specific surgeries. Studies are still needed to standardize the dose and route of tranexamic acid administration, examine its possible contributions in urological surgery, and establish a protocol for its use. To contribute to this goal, we designed a prospective, randomized, double-blind study on 75 patients with 1 control and 2 study groups (n = 25) who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Group Tranexamic acid received 10 mg/kg intravenous tranexamic acid preoperatively. And Group Irrigation received the same amount in the initial irrigation fluid. Primarily, we observed the total amount of blood transfusion and the changes in hemoglobin and hematocrit values during 2 postoperative days. Distinctively, we intraoperatively monitored hemoglobin continuously as a saturation hemoglobin value to assess the timing of the effect of tranexamic acid. Secondarily, we questioned surgical visual clarity with a standard visual score to reveal its contribution to surgical practicality, operative time, and residual fragment quantity. Our results revealed a significant difference in the reduction of hemoglobin and hematocrit change and blood transfusion in both tranexamic acid groups concerning control, especially on the second day (p = 0.003, p = 0.002, p = 0.001). Likewise, surgical visual scores were significantly better in both tranexamic acid groups (p = 0.018). In conclusion, intravenous or local administration of tranexamic acid at a dose of 10 mg/kg will be sufficient to maintain perioperative stability in hemoglobin values, use fewer blood products and provide a better visual advantage for the surgeon intraoperatively.The trial registration number is NCT05947435, and the date of registration is 07/07/2023, retrospectively registered.
The standard treatments for early primary lung cancer are surgical treatments (lobectomy and lymph node resection). The usual mortality rate of lung cancer surgery is 1-2%, and the incidence of complications is reported to be about 20%. In addition to these deaths and complications, there are frequent sequelae such as reduction of pulmonary function reduction and cough. According to a cross section study of 240 patients who underwent lung cancer surgery, about 30% of patients complained of cough after surgery for one year after surgery, and 50% of patients complained of cough after one year. After the pulmonary resection of lung cancer, chronic coughs are the main cause of lowering the quality of life of patients after lung surgery. Several studies have reported the risk factors of cough after lung cancer surgery, and it is known that there is a relationship between mediastinal lymph node resection and accompanying gastric-esophageal gastric acid reflux.

According to anatomy and physiology studies of coughs, coughing occurs due to stimulation of vagus nerves, which is a type of reflex to protect the respiratory tract from harmful stimuli from the outside. Cough cough is known to occur when c-fibers are stimulated, especially at the end of the vagus nerve. Cough reflex-related circuits from c-fiber to brain are generated, and then coughing is reported in smaller stimuli. The end of the vagus nerves in the bronchial area can be damaged by the mediastinal lymph nodes dissection during lung cancer surgery and it can lead to c-fiber stimulation and finally form the nerve circuit which can lead to chronic cough.

Recently, awake pulmonary resection (awakening surgery) has been performed in several countries. Normally, sleep anesthesia gas itself is depleted of vagus nerve function and does not cause cough reflex during surgery, but when operated in a waking state, coughing caused by vagus nerve stimulation may occur and dangerous situations may occur during surgery, so it is reported that vagus nerve block is performed at the start of surgery. These vagus nerve blocks are known to prevent cough reflex during awakening surgery and enable surgery to be performed stably. However, it is not yet known whether these vagus nerve block can reduce acute and chronic cough after surgery. In this study, we investigated whether vagus nerve block during surgery could reduce coughing after surgery in patients who underwent general anesthesia lung cancer surgery.
Akkermansia muciniphila (AKK) bacteria improve the functions of theere intestinal and blood-brain barriers (BBB) via their extracellular vesicles (AmEvs). However, their role in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To investigate, we used C57BL/6 J mice divided into five groups: Sham, POCD, POCD+Akk, POCD+Evs, and POCD+Evs + PLX5622. POCD was induced through intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). The mice's cognitive function was assessed using behavioral tests, and possible mechanisms were explored by examining gut and BBB permeability, inflammation, and microglial function. Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2/4 pathway-related proteins were also investigated both in vitro and in vivo. PLX5622 chow was employed to eliminate microglial cells. Our findings revealed a negative correlation between AKK abundance and POCD symptoms. Supplementation with either AKK or AmEvs improved cognitive function, improved the performance of the intestinal barrier and BBB, and decreased inflammation and microglial activation in POCD mice compared to controls. Moreover, AmEvs treatment inhibited TLR2/4 signaling in the brains of POCD mice and LPS-treated microglial cells. In microglial-ablated POCD mice, however, AmEvs failed to protect BBB integrity. Overall, AmEvs is a potential therapeutic strategy for managing POCD by enhancing gut and BBB integrity and inhibiting microglial-mediated TLR2/4 signaling.
The proposed investigation is a randomized, double-blind, placebo and positive-controlled within-subjects design clinical study to evaluate the role of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in acute inflammation using a specific TNF receptor antagonist, etanercept (Enbrel, Immunex Corporation, Seattle, WA). The goal of this study is to determine whether inhibition of TNF bioactivity can attenuate acute inflammation. The anti-inflammatory and adverse effects of etanercept, a recombinant TNF receptor fusion protein, will be evaluated using a model of tissue injury, the oral surgery model. Briefly, healthy volunteers referred for third molar extraction will undergo the surgical extraction of third molars with local anesthesia and conscious sedation. At the completion of the surgical procedure, a microdialysis probe will be placed under the mucogingival flap previously elevated for the surgical procedure and subjects will be observed for pain and swelling over the course of four hours following surgery. Tissue biopsies prior to and following surgery will be obtained from the buccal mucosa. Etanercept or control will be administered parenterally one hour prior to surgery. Tissue levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and inflammatory mediators will be measured at time intervals postoperatively. Pain and swelling will be assessed postoperatively over the course of four hours and at 48 hours. Demonstration of amelioration of pain, swelling, and/or changes in levels of tissue mediators will be taken as evidence of an acute anti-inflammatory effect of etanercept. Since the fusion protein (hereafter, TNFR:fc) specifically binds TNF-alpha and prevents its interaction with cellular receptors, changes in the inflammatory cascade and clinical endpoints of inflammation may provide insight into role of TNF-alpha in the pathophysiology of acute inflammation and its clinical sequela.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), foremost among which ischemic heart disease and stroke, are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in France. These diseases are multifactorial origin and even if it is not possible to act on risk markers such as age, sex, or heredity, risk factors like high cholesterol, smoking , hypertension, obesity, diabetes and physical inactivity, are the main target of prevention strategies.The dydlipidémies have a role in the formation of CVD in participating in the genesis of atherosclerosis. The cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in particular is subject to oxidation process in plasma. The molecules of oxidized LDL-cholesterol, small and dense, easily penetrate the arterial endothelial wall and are greeted by macrophages. Following a succession of different processes including inflammation, atherosclerotic plaque is formed. The result is either an arteriopathy when the arterial lumen narrowing, or atherothrombosis in the event of plaque rupture. Given this pathophysiology, reduce blood lipids, including LDL-cholesterol and reducing oxidation and inflammation are interesting strategies in the context of cardiovascular prevention. Several scientific study showed that nutritional supplementation with some plant extracts such as artichokes, garlic, red yeast rice, or the sugar cane policosanol helps to reduce several cardiovascular risk factors including regulate concentrations of circulating lipids.

The objective of this study is to validate the effectiveness of Limicol, formulated with proven scientific data on the reduction of LDL-cholesterol in volunteers with moderate hypercholesterolaemia (LDL-cholesterol).
Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs), including vilazodone hydrochloride, can precipitate serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition. The risk is increased with concomitant use of other serotonergic drugs (including triptans, tricyclic antidepressants, fentanyl, meperidine, methadone, lithium, tramadol, tryptophan, buspirone, amphetamines, and St. John’s Wort) and with drugs that impair metabolism of serotonin, i.e., MAOIs [see Contraindications (4) and Drug Interactions (7)]. Serotonin syndrome can also occur when these drugs are used alone. Symptoms of serotonin syndrome were noted in 0.1% of MDD patients treated with vilazodone hydrochloride in premarketing clinical trials.

Serotonin syndrome signs and symptoms may include mental status changes (e.g., agitation, hallucinations, delirium, and coma), autonomic instability (e.g., tachycardia, labile blood pressure, dizziness, diaphoresis, flushing, hyperthermia), neuromuscular symptoms (e.g., tremor, rigidity, myoclonus, hyperreflexia, incoordination), seizures, and gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea).

The concomitant use of vilazodone hydrochloride with MAOIs is contraindicated. In addition, do not initiate vilazodone hydrochloride in a patient being treated with MAOIs such as linezolid or intravenous methylene blue. No reports involved the administration of methylene blue by other routes (such as oral tablets or local tissue injection). If it is necessary to initiate treatment with an MAOI such as linezolid or intravenous methylene blue in a patient taking vilazodone hydrochloride, discontinue vilazodone hydrochloride before initiating treatment with the MAOI [see Contraindications (4), Drug Interactions (7.1)].

Monitor all patients taking vilazodone hydrochloride for the emergence of serotonin syndrome. Discontinue treatment with vilazodone hydrochloride tablets and any concomitant serotonergic agents immediately if the above symptoms occur, and initiate supportive symptomatic treatment. If concomitant use of vilazodone hydrochloride with other serotonergic drugs is clinically warranted, inform patients of the increased risk for serotonin syndrome and monitor for symptoms.
A prospective, parallel, single-blind clinical study using stratified randomization of the effectiveness, tolerability and safety of the drug "Foscelantan, medicinal plate 4.0×5.0 cm in package No. 1" produced by UNITEHPROM BSU, Republic of Belarus in adult patients with purulent inflammatory processes of the skin and soft tissues due to chronic venous insufficiency," phase I-II of the wound process. All patients will receive systemic traditional therapy for the underlying and concomitant diseases.
The investigators are currently running a mirror therapy pilot project in the Hamilton Health Sciences Rehabilitation Program. Mirror therapy has been successfully used with people that have injuries such as strokes or other types of brain injuries that affect movement on one side of their body. Mirror therapy involves placing a mirror over the affected limb and angling it to reflect the unaffected limb. This creates a visual illusion that moving the unaffected limb also results in movement in the affected limb. This is theorized to aid recovery of the motor system in the brain. Virtual Reality (VR) can also be used with people with strokes and brain injuries and many studies of VR have shown positive results. In this study, the investigators will combine VR and mirror therapy. The investigators have designed a special new system that uses VR headset to make it appear that both limbs are moving when only the unaffected limb is moving. The investigators are going to do this by having people complete virtual tasks wearing this specially programmed headset. The tasks are everyday activities that a person might perform using two hands. Ultimately, the investigators hope to determine whether there is any difference between VR mirror therapy and regular mirror therapy in improving upper limb function.
A system or method may be used to track a patient throughout a treatment journey. A ledger may be used to store data related to aspects of the treatment journey. The ledger may include a plurality of blocks, with each block corresponding to a particular treatment event. A new block may be added to the ledger when a treatment event occurs. The new block may include patient information from the treatment event. The new block may be signed, for example in response to receiving verification from an entity that is an authority on the patient information. The ledger may be stored with the new block.
Receiving active transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) treatments during the rehabilitation sessions (only the first half of the rehabilitation period, i.e. 4 to 6 weeks.
The present invention relates to a burn ointment and a preparation method thereof, which belongs to the technical field of Chinese patent medicines and the preparation technology thereof. The present invention aims to provide the patrimonial burn ointment capable of promoting wound healing as soon as possible, preventing wounds from being infected, and preventing and reducing the formation of scars, and the preparation method for the burn ointment. The burn ointment is prepared from the following components according to the proportion by weight: 1 to 3 portions of coptis, 4 to 15 portions of baical skullcap root, 4 to 10 portions of garden burnet, 4 to 10 portions of rehmannia root, 2 to 6 portions of sinkiang arnebia root, 1 to 4 portions of phellodendron, 4 to 10 portions of angelica, 2 to 8 portions of meretrix clam shell, 1 to 2 portions of borneol, 5 to 10 portions of beeswax and 50 to 70 portions of sesame oil. The preparation method of the burn ointment comprises: firstly, the coptis, the baical skullcap root, the garden burnet, the rehmannia root, the sinkiang arnebia root, the phellodendron, the angelica and the sesame oil are put in a pot, and are heated and decocted until the Chinese herbal medicine is scorched, and then mild fire is used so as to put in the meretrix clam shell until the meretrix clam shell is scorched; secondly, the fire is stopped, and beeswax is put in at the temperature of 95 to 105 DEG C; finally, the borneol is put in at the temperature of 80 to 90 DEG C, and the ointment is obtained by taking out dregs of decoction after being cooled. The burn ointment has the advantages of rapid pain elimination, rapid wound healing, strong anti-infection capability, easy use, simple operation and low cost. In addition, the burn ointment has curative effects without scars or with superficial scars, and has the cure rate of 100%.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as a significant contributor to cancer-related mortality globally. While the acute and often fatal manifestations of locally advanced HCC primarily present within the abdomen, it is crucial to recognize that the respiratory and circulatory systems can also fall victim due to the liver's unique anatomical position within the body. Here, we present the case of a 63-year-old male recently diagnosed with locally advanced HCC with vascular invasion. Shortly after receiving target therapy and focal radiotherapy, the patient developed repeated secondary infections and a persistent diaphragmatic defect. As the necrotic tissue invaded the pleural space, subsequent tumor-to-bronchial and tumor-to-cardiac fistulas emerged, resulting in an abnormal connection between the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, leading to massive air emboli in circulation. This report highlights the risk of supradiaphragmatic complications in HCC patients with post-treatment secondary infections, particularly in patients predisposed to developing diaphragmatic defects.