anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Baltimore's HIV prevalence rate (586/100,000) is among the top 5 in metropolitan areas in the US, and disparities are profound. African Americans have an HIV prevalence that is 5 times higher than among whites, and account for 78% of all HIV cases. Latinxs also have a higher prevalence of HIV than whites and are at the highest risk for late HIV diagnosis among all racial/ethnic groups. In addition, HIV viral load suppression, which is the best predictor of long-term survival among HIV-infected patients, is substantially lower among minority populations in Baltimore.

The overall goal of this proposal is to evaluate whether mHealth-enhanced Linkage to Care and Retention (mLTCR) can improve HIV outcomes among HIV-infected African Americans and Latinos compared to standard Linkage to Care and Retention (LTCR) programs. The mHealth-enhancement consists of two smartphone applications (app), one for patients and one for patient supporters (e.g. linkage officers, patient navigators, nurses, etc.), to help facilitate communication. Communication will focus on issues related to HIV care (e.g. appointment scheduling, transportation), as well as patient-directed requests. Using HIV surveillance data (e.g. unsuppressed HIV viral load), patient supporters will be automatically alerted if a patient has a high viral load and prompted to contact the patient. In addition to appointment reminders, patients will receive positive reinforcement behavioral text messages.
Participants with histologically confirmed vulvar high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) 16 and/or 18, received four doses of 6 mg VGX-3100 as an intramuscular (IM) injection on Day 0, Week 4, Week 12, and Week 24 followed by electroporation (EP) using the CELLECTRA™ 2000 device. Participants with vulvar HSIL who had a reduction in lesion size or no increase in lesion size at Week 48, received a fifth dose of VGX-3100 at Week 52.
To assess the impact of budesonide-formoterol on pulmonary ventilation function and prognosis in patients with mild-to-moderate acute exacerbations of bronchial asthma. A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from 232 patients with acute exacerbations of bronchial asthma. These patients were divided into 2 groups based on their treatment: a control group (n=104) receiving budesonide dry powder inhalation and an observation group (n=107) receiving budesonide-formoterol dry powder inhalation. Clinical efficacy and safety indicators were compared. The results showed that the total treatment effectiveness rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group. Following treatment, the observation group exhibited significantly higher scores in the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ), as well as improved levels of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and peak expiratory flow (PEF), compared to the control group. Moreover, levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein were significantly lower in the observation group. The incidence of adverse reactions between groups was comparable. Based on these findings, the application of budesonide-formoterol demonstrated significant effectiveness in patients with mild-to-moderate acute exacerbations of bronchial asthma. The combination therapy led to improved clinical outcomes, including enhanced pulmonary ventilation function and reduced inflammatory markers. Importantly, the safety profile of budesonide-formoterol was comparable to that of budesonide monotherapy. These results highlight the potential benefits of using budesonide-formoterol as an alternative treatment option for patients experiencing acute exacerbations of mild-to-moderate bronchial asthma.
Cadmium (Cd) is a common environmental pollutant associated with an increased incidence of renal metabolic diseases. Luteolin (Lut), a natural flavonoid, is widely used for its multifaceted therapeutic properties in inflammatory diseases. However, whether Lut protects against Cd-induced nephrotoxicity is still equivocal. The present study investigated the effects of Lut supplementation on renal oxidative stress, inflammation and metabolism and their related mechanisms. Therefore, 40 chickens were treated with Cd and/or Lut with automatic water and free food intake for 1 mo and then the kidney tissues were collected to explore this issue. In this study, Cd exposure induced renal glycolipid metabolism disorders and resultant kidney damage by periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining, Oil Red O staining, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and glucose (Glu) levels in kidney, which were significantly ameliorated by Lut. Moreover, Lut also normalized the expression levels of factors related to Cd-disturbed glycolipid metabolism, improving metabolic homeostasis, and contributing to alleviating kidney damage. Furthermore, Lut demonstrated therapeutic potential against Cd-induced renal oxidative stress and inflammation by enhancing antioxidant capacity and inhibiting cytokine production in the kidney tissues. Mechanistically, Lut activated the AMPK/SIRT1/FOXO1 signaling pathway, attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, ameliorating the metabolic disturbance. In conclusion, these observations demonstrate that Lut treatment activates AMPK/SIRT1/FOXO1 signaling pathway, decreases oxidative stress and inflammation response, which may contribute to prevent Cd-induced metabolism disorder and consequent kidney damage.
Minimally invasive innovations have transformed coloproctology. Specific to colorectal cancer (CRC), there has been a shift towards less invasive surgical techniques and use of endoscopic resection as an alternative for low risk T1 CRC. The role of endoscopic resection is however much more extensive: It is now considered the first line management strategy for most large (≥ 20 mm) non-pedunculated colorectal polyps, the majority of which are benign. This is due to the well-established efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of endoscopic techniques compared to surgery. Multiple endoscopic modalities now exist with distinct risk-benefit profiles and their outcomes are further improved by site-specific technical modifications, auxiliary techniques, and adverse event mitigation strategies. Endoscopic capacity continues to evolve with emerging endoscopic techniques and expanding applications, particularly in the confines of a multi-disciplinary setting.
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) orchestrate persistent inflammation in the airway. However, subpopulations of AMs participating in chronic inflammation have been poorly characterized. We previously reported that Siglec-1 expression on AMs, which is important for bacteria engulfment, was decreased in COPD. Here, we show that Siglec-1-negative AMs isolated from COPD lung tissues exhibit a proinflammatory phenotype and are associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with COPD. Using flow cytometry, we segregated three subsets of AMs based on the expression of Siglec-1 and their side scattergram (SSC) and forward scattergram (FSC) properties: Siglec-1+SSChiFSChi, Siglec-1-SSChiFSChi, and Siglec-1-SSCloFSClo subsets. The Siglec-1-SSCloFSClo subset number was increased in COPD. RNA sequencing revealed upregulation of multiple proinflammatory signaling pathways and emphysema-associated matrix metalloproteases in the Siglec-1-SSCloFSClo subset. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that the Siglec-1-SSCloFSClo subset adopted intermediate phenotypes between monocytes and mature alveolar macrophages. Functionally, these cells produced TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 at baseline, and these cytokines were significantly increased in response to viral RNA. The increase in Siglec-1-negative AMs in induced sputum is associated with future exacerbation risk and lung function decline in patients with COPD. Collectively, the novel Siglec-1-SSCloFSClo subset of AMs displays proinflammatory properties, and their emergence in COPD airways may be associated with poor clinical outcomes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Alveolar macrophages (AMs) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) orchestrate persistent inflammation in the airway. We find that Siglec-1-negative alveolar macrophages have a wide range of proinflammatory landscapes and a protease-expressing phenotype. Moreover, this subset is associated with the pathogenesis of COPD and responds to viral stimuli.
Orthopedic surgery may be associated with substantial blood loss requiring transfusion of erythrocytes.Transfusion of allogeneic erythrocytes is not free of adverse events and has been associated with transmission of infectious diseases, increased postoperative bacterial infection, immune sensitization, and transfusion related acute lung injury. Measures taken to allay concerns about the safety of blood transfusions have translated into the increasing cost of allogeneic blood units. Blood banks regularly undergo blood shortages. For these reasons, there is a need to reduce allogeneic blood transfusions. A number of effective interventions have been developed, such as preoperative autologous donation, cell salvage, or the use of erythropoietin. Pharmacologic agents such as aprotinin, tranexamic acid, or epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) could reduce perioperative blood loss by interfering with fibrinolysis.
Sleep disturbances are common in individuals with Parkinson's Disease. Whole-body periodic acceleration (WBPA) is a new, non-invasive, and promising therapy for a diverse and growing list of disorders. During WBPA, patients lie in the supine position on a bed that is capable of translating back and forth parallel to the ground, along the head-to-foot axis of the patient. Thus, this treatment is best described as a form of "passive exercise." WBPA has been shown in previous studies to increase nitric oxide. Increased levels of nitric oxide have been shown to improve sleep patterns in other populations. The current pilot study will investigate how WBPA will impact upon sleep disturbances in subjects with Parkinson's disease who suffer from abnormal sleep patterns. The investigators will record sleep patterns and activity levels using a Jawbone U3® activity monitor.
A non-transitory computer readable storage medium has instructions executed by a processor to receive an ultrasound image. The ultrasound image is applied to a sequence of encoders where each encoder in the sequence of encoders performs convolution neural network processing of a down-sampled version of the ultrasound image from a prior encoder, the sequence of encoders form a first dimension. The ultrasound image is applied to a transition encoder with an orthogonal dimension to the first dimension. The ultrasound image is applied to a sequence of decoders where each decoder in the sequence of decoders performs convolution neural network processing of an up-sampled version of the ultrasound image from a prior decoder, the sequence of decoders form a second parallel dimension to the first dimension. Encoder and decoder configurations and the first dimension, the orthogonal dimension and the second parallel dimension thereby define a nested U network architecture. Probability segmentation maps are produced from paired encoders and decoders in the sequence of encoders and the sequence of decoders. The probability segmentation maps are combined to form a final probability segmentation output.
For LAL deficiency screening, patients will be recruited over a 5 year period with a documented triglyceride level of more than 10 mmol/l at any time, low HDLC, raised ALT, combined hyperlipidaemia, or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Patients recruited from Manchester will be offered additional genetic testing for familial hypercholesterolaemia.
Patients should be in a hospital for initiation and re-initiation of therapy to evaluate the therapeutic response and because too rapid correction of hyponatremia can cause osmotic demyelination resulting in dysarthria, mutism, dysphagia, lethargy, affective changes, spastic quadriparesis, seizures, coma and death.

The usual starting dose for tolvaptan tablets is 15 mg administered once daily without regard to meals. Increase the dose to 30 mg once daily, after at least 24 hours, to a maximum of 60 mg once daily, as needed to achieve the desired level of serum sodium. Do not administer tolvaptan tablets for more than 30 days to minimize the risk of liver injury [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

During initiation and titration, frequently monitor for changes in serum electrolytes and volume. Avoid fluid restriction during the first 24 hours of therapy. Patients receiving tolvaptan tablets should be advised that they can continue ingestion of fluid in response to thirst [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
Compositions and methods for the therapy and diagnosis of cancer are disclosed. For example, illustrative compositions comprise one or more cancer- associated antibodies, polypeptides, polynucleotides, antigen presenting cells, and the like. The disclosed compositions are useful, for example, in the diagnosis, prevention and/or treatment of diseases, particularly cancer. Multi-color CL images of nanoparticle samples may be generated, by irradiating with a scanning electron beam a nanoparticle sample that containing a plurality of spectrally distinct optical emitters configured to generate CL light at respective different color channels, then detecting the CL light from the nanoparticles to generate multi-color NP-CL images of the nanoparticle sample. In some embodiments, SE (secondary electron) images of the sample may be acquire, substantially simultaneously with the acquisition of the CL images, so as to generate correlative NP-CL and SE images of the nanoparticle sample. In some embodiments, the nanoparticles may be surface-functionalized so that the nanoparticles selectively bind only to particular structures of interest. Compositions and methods for the therapy and diagnosis of cancer are disclosed. For example, illustrative compositions comprise one or more cancer- associated antibodies, polypeptides, polynucleotides, antigen presenting cells, and the like. The disclosed compositions are useful, for example, in the diagnosis, prevention and/or treatment of diseases, particularly cancer.
Up to 20 healthy subjects will be recruited for the study and before inclusion in the study, potential participants will be given the opportunity to ask questions. Subjects who will fulfill all the acceptable criteria(Chinese ethnicity, body mass index between 18-25 kg/m2, weight of at least 45kg, normal blood pressure,less than or equal 140 and 90 mmHg; age between 21-40 years, fasting blood glucose less than 6 mmol/L) may be included in the study.Each subject will be asked to complete a screening session(lasting approximately1 hour) in a fasted state where baseline measurements including anthropometric measurements, fasting blood glucose and blood pressure will be collected from each participant to assess their eligibility.On the day before each test, enrolled subjects will be asked to restrict their intake of alcohol and caffeine-containing drinks and to restrict their participation in intense physical activity (eg, long periods at the gym, intensive swimming, running, aerobics etc). There is a total of five test sessions. Test sessions will be interspaced by a minimum of 1 week. For each session, subjects are required to come between 8:00-9:00am, with each session lasting approximately 4 hours. Subjects would have to come following a 10-12 hour overnight fast. An indwelling catheter will be inserted into a vein in your forearm and will be kept patent (free of clots) for the remainder of the test session. The investigators will then take a blood sample from the cannula to measure baseline values. The investigators will also take a finger prick blood sample to measure blood glucose concentration. After obtaining the baseline blood samples the investigators will give subjects the test meal in different sequence consume in 15 minutes. Following the meal we will take further blood samples (from the cannula and finger pricks) for the next 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 and180 minutes. The amount of blood that will be collected at every time point will be about1.2 teaspoon of blood (approximately 6 mL).At the same time intervals the subjects will be instructed to fill in visual analogue scales on feelings of fullness, hunger, desire to eat and prospective food consumption.Visual analogue scales are 100 mm continuous lines anchored with opposing answers to a specific question asked. The specific questions asked will be, 'How hungry do you feel?', 'How full do you feel?', 'How strong is your desire to eat?', ' How much more food do you think you can eat?'. The subjects will be instructed to make a mark on the line which corresponds with their subjective feeling. After 3 hours, the cannula will be removed and the subjects will be instructed to an ad libitum lunch. After finish the lunch, the subjects will also be asked to complete a visual analogue scales (VAS) for the measurement of hunger and feelings of fullness. After which,subjects are free to leave Clinical Nutrition Research Centre. During the entire testing period the subjects will be instructed to remain rested and in the laboratory.
After the MTD is determined, patients will be enrolled at the MTD dose of plerixafor. These patients will not receive G-CSF priming but will be treated with plerixafor and azacitidine for 2 cycles.
Participants aged 1 to 3 years who are malnourished (underweight and wasting). They will receive nutrition education and dietary instruction.
BACKGROUND: Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is defined by the irreversible accumulation of disability following a relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) course. Despite treatments advances, a reliable tool able to capture the transition from RRMS to SPMS is lacking. A T cell chimeric MS model demonstrated that T cells derived from relapsing patients exacerbate excitatory transmission of central neurons, a synaptotoxic event absent during remitting stages. We hypothesized the re-emergence of T cell synaptotoxicity during SPMS and investigated the synaptoprotective effects of siponimod, a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulator, known to reduce grey matter damage in SPMS patients.
METHODS: Data from healthy controls (HC), SPMS patients, and siponimod-treated SPMS patients were collected. Chimeric experiments were performed incubating human T cells on murine cortico-striatal slices, and recording spontaneous glutamatergic activity from striatal neurons. Homologous chimeric experiments were executed incubating EAE mice T cells with siponimod and specific S1PR agonists or antagonists to identify the receptor involved in siponimod-mediated synaptic recovery.
RESULTS: SPMS patient-derived T cells significantly increased the striatal excitatory synaptic transmission (n=40 synapses) compared to HC T cells (n=55 synapses), mimicking the glutamatergic alterations observed in active RRMS-T cells. Siponimod treatment rescued SPMS T cells synaptotoxicity (n=51 synapses). Homologous chimeric experiments highlighted S1P5R involvement in the siponimod's protective effects.
CONCLUSION: Transition from RRMS to SPMS involves the reappearance of T cell-mediated synaptotoxicity. Siponimod counteracts T cell-induced excitotoxicity, emphasizing the significance of inflammatory synaptopathy in progressive MS and its potential as a promising pharmacological target.
A minimum of 6 active subjects and 3 placebo subjects for each dose cohort will complete 2 weeks of infusions. A maximum of 27 total subjects will be dosed with KD-247 and up to 9 total will receive placebo. Per cohort subjects randomized to active treatment will receive iv infusions of KD 247 over 2 hours at each dosing visit. Subjects randomized to placebo will receive 2-hour iv infusions of saline solution at each dosing visit. Following the first infusion of KD-247 (or placebo) for each subject in the study, there will be a 24-hour in-patient observation period before the next subject can be randomized within the study. Dose escalation will proceed only after safety data through Day 18 for all subjects in the lower-dose cohort is reviewed.
In the present study patients with previously diagnosed MRI-negative temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) on long-term video electroencephalography (VEEG) monitoring were re-evaluated with high resolution 3T MRI brain to look out for a skull base temporal lobe encephalocoele (TE). A total of 234 VEEGs were analyzed. TLE had been diagnosed in 104 patients based on semiology, ictal, interictal EEG data, and brain positron emission tomography (PET) studies. Of these, 99 patients had temporal lobe abnormality (78 had mesial temporal sclerosis, 8 had tumor, 3 had focal cortical dysplasia, and 10 had mixed pathology). Out of the five 1.5T MRI-negative TLE patients, two patients were diagnosed with TE on subsequent 3T MRI brain scans and one patient underwent electrocorticography-guided tailored resection for complete removal of epileptogenic tissue; with Engels class I seizure freedom at one year follow-up. We propose that TE should be carefully searched for, as a cause of refractory TLE, using high-resolution MRI sequences.
The primary purpose of this study is to provide cost-effective interventions for nursing personnel aimed at reducing fatigue and stress within their work environment while improving their overall quality of life. Studies have demonstrated that stress management resources and overall engagement of staff lead to quality outcomes for both staff and patients. There is limited research that examines interventions that can reduce stress perception in nursing. This study will examine the physical and psychological impact of 10-minute massage therapy in comparison to a 10-minute scheduled break weekly over a period of 5 weeks. If the outcomes of the study indicate that either massage therapy or scheduled breaks are an effective intervention for management of stressful situations and improving quality of life, the overall goal would be to create relaxation rooms on more nursing units that allow staff to engage in massage therapy or scheduled rest sessions to reduce stressful work situations.

Studies have indicated that healthcare workers experience high levels of work-related stress that include individual, social, occupational and environmental factors. Unrelieved or mismanaged stressors contribute to a variety of health-related consequences including disturbances in the digestive system, headaches, sleep disturbances, hypertension, fatigue and psychological issues, including anxiety. Massage therapy and scheduled breaks have been identified as potential interventions to mitigate or reduce stress. The use of mechanical massage has been shown to mimic the effects of traditional physical massage in terms of reducing stress and anxiety of the end-users. Mechanical massages have an advantage over physical massages since they are more cost-effective, can be used when convenient, and within a controlled environment. The literature supports that massage therapy can have an impact on reducing stress, anxiety, depression, and pain, while enhancing an individual's immune function, relaxation, and overall well-being. Studies have also indicated that nurses often lack opportunities to take breaks during their scheduled shifts. In many instances, staff sacrifice their breaks in order to fulfill patient-care duties. This study will compare both massage therapy and scheduled breaks to examine the overall impact on healthcare workers.

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased workplace stressors for healthcare workers; however, there is limited evidence to support successful interventions to manage these stressors.