anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a humectant having high water solubility and excellent humectant properties, and an external preparation for the skin, using the humectant.  <P>SOLUTION: The humectant comprises a polyuronic acid obtained by selectively converting a primary hydroxy group of a polysaccharide to a carboxy group or a salt thereof by oxidizing the polysaccharide. The external preparation for the skin contains the humectant. The polyuronic acid obtained by oxidizing the polysaccharide comprising N-acetylglucosamine or a glucose, e.g. chitin or cellulose is preferably used. The weight average molecular weight of the polyuronic acid is preferably within the range of 5,000-200,000.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sensory motor disturbance with features of both neurologic and sleeps disorders. The patients complain of strong, irresistible urge to move the legs, often accompanied by uncomfortable sensations deeply in the legs. Poor sleep quality affects many hemodialysis patients and can potentially predict their morbidity, mortality, quality of life and pattern of medication use. Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) is one way to improve physical work capacity and reduce functional limitations. Manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) is a traditional therapy in which the hands work on the tissues of the body, including tuina, acupressure, and the likes. It is beneficial to the well-being of patients both physically and mentally
Tobacco use has been described as the number one behavioral health problem of our time with a projected 8.4 million total smoking related deaths worldwide by the year 2020. Current clinical practice guidelines entitled "Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence" provide a summary of evidence-based recommendations. Despite the evidence of tobacco risk and the efficacy of tobacco control interventions, 30% of current smokers report that they have never been advised to stop smoking by a healthcare provider. Nearly half (47.9%) of dentists report they have never intervened to assist tobacco users in quitting. Our intervention is designed to improve the rate of tobacco cessation advice delivered in dental practices.

This proposal is in response to the request for applications "Translational Research in Dental Practice-based Tobacco Control Interventions" (RFA: DE-03-007). Our exploration of barriers and facilitators will assist in clarifying processes that influence translation of tobacco-related knowledge into clinical dental practice. Our trial will integrate theoretically grounded methods of provider behavior change, medical informatics, and tobacco control research to translate guidelines into dental clinical practice. We will avoid a "one-size-fits-all" approach by tailoring strategies for tobacco cessation counseling to individual practices. The intervention will be longitudinal, with updates and continuous access for dentists and dental staff over 2 years. Our evaluation will extend from processes of care to patient outcomes. Ancillary analyses will assess differences in tobacco counseling rates associated with practice, provider, and patient-level variables including disparities in counseling by race. To assess the relative impact of various components of the multi-modal intervention, we will conduct secondary analyses of the association of amount of use of each specific component with frequency of tobacco cessation counseling within the intervention group.
No intervention will be administered in this study. Participants with High-risk localized PC will be enrolled. High-risk localized PC involves clinical T stage greater than or equal to (\>=) cT3a and one of the following high risk features: Gleason score 8-10 or prostate specific antigen (PSA) level above 20 nanogram per milliliter (ng/mL).
NEW MATERIAL:An indomethacin phenyl ester derivative shown by the formula (R is lower alkyl, aralkyl, substituted phenyl). EXAMPLE:2'-Benzyloxycarbonylphenyl 1-( p-chlorobenzoyl )-5- methoxy-2-methylindole-3-acetate. USE:A drug having improved antiphologictic action and extremely low ulcer causing effect. PROCESS:Indomethacin or its reactive derivative is reacted with a phenol replaced with an alkyloxycarbonyl group or an aralkyloxycarbonyl group or a substituted phenyloxycarbonyl group in a solvent in the presence or absence of a condensation agent, and, if necessary, the prepared reaction product is hydrolyzed, to give a compound shown by the formula. When the condensation agent is used, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 2-halopyridinium alkyl halide, etc. is preferable as the agent.
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is highly prevalent in the population, yet the factors contributing to AF events in susceptible individuals remain partially understood. The potential relationship between meteorological factors and AF, particularly with abnormal electrocardiograph (ECG) repolarization, has not been adequately studied. This case-crossover study aims to investigate the association between meteorological factors and daily hospital visits for AF with abnormal ECG repolarization in Shanghai, China.
METHODS: The study cohort comprised 10,325 patients with ECG-confirmed AF who sought treatment at Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital between 2015 and 2018. Meteorological and air pollutant concentration data were matched with the patient records. Using a case-crossover design, we analyzed the association between meteorological factors and the daily count of hospital visitors for AF with abnormal ECG repolarization at our AF center. Lag analysis models were applied to examine the temporal relationship between meteorological factors and AF events.
RESULTS: The analysis revealed statistically significant associations between AF occurrence and specific meteorological factors. AF events were significantly associated with average atmospheric pressure (lag 0 day, OR 0.9901, 95% CI 0.9825-0.9977, P < 0.05), average temperature (lag 1 day, OR 0.9890, 95% CI 0.9789-0.9992, P < 0.05), daily pressure range (lag 7 days, OR 1.0195, 95% CI 1.0079-1.0312, P < 0.01), and daily temperature range (lag 5 days, OR 1.0208, 95% CI 1.0087-1.0331, P < 0.01). Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between daily pressure range and daily temperature range with AF patients, particularly those with abnormal ECG repolarization, as evident in the case-crossover analysis.
CONCLUSION: This study highlights a significant correlation between meteorological factors and daily hospital visits for AF accompanied by abnormal ECG repolarization in Shanghai, China. In addition, AF patients with abnormal ECG repolarization were found to be more vulnerable to rapid daily changes in pressure and temperature compared to AF patients without such repolarization abnormalities.
###  Absorption: 

The amount of lidocaine systemically absorbed from lidocaine patch is directly related to both the duration of application and the surface area over which it is applied. In a pharmacokinetic study, three lidocaine patches were applied over an area of 420 cm2 of intact skin on the back of normal volunteers for 12 hours. Blood samples were withdrawn for determination of lidocaine concentration during the application and for 12 hours after removal of patches. The results are summarized in Table 1.

When lidocaine patch is used according to the recommended dosing instructions, only 3 ± 2% of the dose applied is expected to be absorbed. At least 95% (665 mg) of lidocaine will remain in a used patch. Mean peak blood concentration of lidocaine is about 0.13 mcg/mL (about 1/10 of the therapeutic concentration required to treat cardiac arrhythmias). Repeated application of three patches simultaneously for 12 hours (recommended maximum daily dose), once per day for three days, indicated that the lidocaine concentration does not increase with daily use. The mean plasma pharmacokinetic profile for the 15 healthy volunteers is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 Mean lidocaine blood concentrations after three consecutive daily applications of three lidocaine patches simultaneously for 12 hours per day in healthy volunteers (n = 15).

###  Distribution: 

When lidocaine is administered intravenously to healthy volunteers, the volume of distribution is 0.7 to 2.7 L/kg (mean 1.5 ± 0.6 SD, n=15). At concentrations produced by application of lidocaine patch, lidocaine is approximately 70% bound to plasma proteins, primarily alpha-1-acid glycoprotein. At much higher plasma concentrations (1 to 4 mcg/mL of free base), the plasma protein binding of lidocaine is concentration dependent. Lidocaine crosses the placental and blood brain barriers, presumably by passive diffusion.

###  Metabolism:

It is not known if lidocaine is metabolized in the skin. Lidocaine is metabolized rapidly by the liver to a number of metabolites, including monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) and glycinexylidide (GX), both of which have pharmacologic activity similar to, but less potent than that of lidocaine. A minor metabolite, 2, 6-xylidine, has unknown pharmacologic activity but is carcinogenic in rats. The blood concentration of this metabolite is negligible following application of lidocaine patch 5%. Following intravenous administration, MEGX and GX concentrations in serum range from 11 to 36% and from 5 to 11% of lidocaine concentrations, respectively.

###  Excretion: 

Lidocaine and its metabolites are excreted by the kidneys. Less than 10% of lidocaine is excreted unchanged. The half-life of lidocaine elimination from the plasma following IV administration is 81 to 149 minutes (mean 107 ± 22 SD, n = 15). The systemic clearance is 0.33 to 0.90 L/min (mean 0.64 ± 0.18 SD, n = 15).
N-of-1 trials (single patient crossover experiments) are a uniquely powerful technique for estimating treatment effects in the individual. N-of-1 trials have been offered to hundreds or perhaps thousands of patients worldwide, but never at scale. HackYourHealth is a tool that supports the conduct of simple N-of-1 self-experiments to test if healthy activities that work in general (i.e., mindfulness meditation, physical activity, gratitude journaling, random acts of kindness, and laughter therapy), improve psychological well-being (stress, focus, happiness) in specific individuals. The tool supplies the experimental design, facilitates data analysis, and channels feedback to participants. The tool is flexible enough to support Massive Individualized N-of-1 Experiments (MINEs) at scale. Working with WNYC Radio in New York City, we will recruit and run 18-day N-of-1 trials up to 10,000 individuals. The purpose of this study is to conduct a formative evaluation of HackYourHealth in terms of its perceived usefulness and to explore heterogeneity in intervention response across the sample. We anticipate that the results will: 1) identify useful behavioral interventions for individual participants; 2) help to estimate generalizable treatment effects for the interventions of interest; 3) assess heterogeneity of treatment effects across subgroups; and 4) elucidate the user experience with N-of-1 trials. When complete, the study will support additional proposals designed to assess the utility of MINEs as applied to additional conditions and treatments.
BACKGROUND: Klippel-Feil syndrome is a rare congenital bone disorder characterized by an abnormal fusion of two or more cervical spine vertebrae. Individuals with Klippel-Feil syndrome exhibit diverse clinical manifestations, including skeletal irregularities, visual and hearing impairments, orofacial anomalies, and anomalies in various internal organs, such as the heart, kidneys, genitourinary system, and nervous system.
CASE PRESENTATION: This case report describes a 12-year-old Pashtun female patient who presented with acute bilateral visual loss. The patient had Klippel-Feil syndrome, with the typical clinical triad symptoms of Klippel-Feil syndrome, along with Sprengel's deformity. She also exhibited generalized hypoalgesia, which had previously resulted in widespread burn-related injuries. Upon examination, bilateral optic disc swelling was observed, but intracranial pressure was found to be normal. Extensive investigations yielded normal results, except for hypocalcemia and low vitamin D levels, while parathyroid function remained within the normal range. Visual acuity improved following 2 months of calcium and vitamin D supplementation, suggesting that the visual loss and optic nerve swelling were attributed to hypocalcemia. Given the normal parathyroid function, it is possible that hypocalcemia resulted from low vitamin D levels, which can occur after severe burn scarring. Furthermore, the patient received a provisional diagnosis of congenital insensitivity to pain on the basis of the detailed medical history and the findings of severe and widespread loss of the ability to perceive painful stimuli, as well as impaired temperature sensation. However, due to limitations in genetic testing, confirmation of the congenital insensitivity to pain diagnosis could not be obtained.
CONCLUSION: This case highlights a rare presentation of transient binocular vision loss and pain insensitivity in a patient with Klippel-Feil syndrome, emphasizing the importance of considering unusual associations in symptom interpretation.
The peanut plant is one of the most economically important crops around the world. Abiotic stress, such as drought, causes over five hundred million dollars in losses in peanut production per year. Peanuts are known to produce prenylated stilbenoids to counteract biotic stress. However, their role in abiotic stress tolerance has not been elucidated. To address this issue, hairy roots with the capacity to produce prenylated stilbenoids were established. An RNA-interference (RNAi) molecular construct targeting the stilbenoid-specific prenyltransferase AhR4DT-1 was designed and expressed via Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation in hairy roots of peanut cultivar Georgia Green. Two transgenic hairy roots with the RNAi molecular construct were established, and the downregulation of AhR4DT-1 was validated using reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR. To determine the efficacy of the RNAi-approach in modifying the levels of prenylated stilbenoids, the hairy roots were co-treated with methyl jasmonate, hydrogen peroxide, cyclodextrin, and magnesium chloride to induce the production of stilbenoids and then the stilbenoids were analyzed in extracts of the culture medium. Highly reduced levels of prenylated stilbenoids were observed in the RNAi hairy roots. Furthermore, the hairy roots were evaluated in a polyethylene glycol (PEG) assay to assess the role of prenylated stilbenoids on water-deficit stress. Upon PEG treatment, stilbenoids were induced and secreted into the culture medium of RNAi and wild-type hairy roots. Additionally, the biomass of the RNAi hairy roots decreased by a higher amount as compared to the wild-type hairy roots suggesting that prenylated stilbenoids might play a role against water-deficit stress.
INTRODUCTION: It has been suggested that capsaicin (CAP), a major pungent component in chili peppers, can be used as an anti-obesity ingredient due to effects on energy metabolism, but evidence is not consistent. Genetics may account for differences in CAP tolerance and its impact on adiposity status. The aim of this study was to systematically review current evidence concerning the role of genetic polymorphisms influencing CAP tolerance.
METHODS: The present systematic review analyzed and synthesized available evidence concerning associations between genetic polymorphisms and CAP tolerance following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. Databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, Google Scholar, SciELO, and LILACS were screened. Out of 228 publications identified, only 6 meet inclusion criteria and were finally included in the final report.
RESULTS: Overall, a total of 28 single nucleotide polymorphisms were associated with several CAP tolerance traits including sensitivity to burning/stinging, heat pain, and cough reactions, and detection of bitter taste thresholds. These genetic variants were located within 6 genes involved in key physiological processes such synthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin and nitric oxide production (GCH1), CAP uptake and transduction of thermal stimuli (TRPV1), and bitter taste perception (TAS2R38, TAS2R3, TAS2R4, and TAS2R5).
CONCLUSION: There is evidence about the influence of genetic polymorphisms on CAP tolerance by affecting nociceptive signaling, CAP binding, and bitter tasting. This knowledge may facilitate the design and implementation of innovative CAP-based nutrigenetic strategies for a more precise clinical management of obesity.
Standard of care therapy will be up to the treating medical oncologist and is not the study intervention. Current systemic therapy is most commonly a second generation androgen pathway inhibitor, including enzalutamide or abiraterone, although other standard agents (e.g. docetaxel, cabazitaxel) are allowed. Patients should begin systemic treatment within 3 weeks of randomization. Standard of care systemic therapy may continue in the absence of toxicities or other specific criteria per protocol.
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is high among the bariatric surgery candidates. Obesity is the most important individual risk factor for OSA. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) on OSA 5 years after the surgery.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this prospective multicenter study, standard overnight cardiorespiratory recording was conducted to 150 patients at baseline prior to bariatric surgery. A total of 111 (73.3%) patients of those had OSA. Cardiorespiratory recordings at 5 years after surgery were available for 70 OSA patients. The changes in anthropometric and demographic measurements including age, weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist and neck circumference were evaluated. Also, a quality of life (QoL) questionnaire 15D administered in a baseline was controlled at 5-year follow-up visit.
RESULTS: At 5-year OSA was cured in 55% of patients, but moderate or severe OSA still persisted in 20% of patients after operation. Mean total AHI decreased from 27.8 events/h to 8.8 events/h (p < 0.001) at 5-year follow-up. A clinically significant difference in QoL was seen in mobility, breathing, sleeping, usual activities, discomfort and symptoms, vitality and sexual activity. The QoL total score improved more in OSA patient at 5-year follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: LRYGB is an effective treatment of OSA in obese patients and the achieved beneficial outcomes are maintained at 5-year follow-up.
PURPOSE: To obtain the subject cosmetic effectively suppressed in the greasiness due to the oil component used despite its large amount, and capable of presenting excellent use feeling, comprising a specific poly(alkylated vinylpyrrolidone), oil component and specific surfactant at specified proportions. CONSTITUTION: This cosmetic for the skin excellent in use feeling and having good emulsion stability comprises 0.1-20wt.% of a poly(alkylated vinylpyrrolidone) made up of constituent unit of the formula (R1 -R4 are such that at least one of them is a 1-20C alkyl or alkenyl, the rest being H), 3-70wt.% of an oil component, and 0.5-20wt.% of an anionic or nonionic surfactant. The poly(alkylated vinylpyrrolidone) is esp. pref. poly(hexadecenylated vinylpyrrolidone) having 5000-18000 of average molecular weight. The oil component is e.g. liquid paraffin, squalane, olive oil. The surfactant is e.g. a stearic acid alkali metal salt, glyceryl monostearate.
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effectiveness of individualized nutrition training for mothers of children who underwent congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery on their children's growth and development.
METHODS: The researchers conducted a randomized controlled trial at Çukurova University Medical Faculty Balcalı Hospital in Adana, Turkey, between January 20th, 2021, and June 30th, 2021. They recruited 42 children with CHD and their families. Researchers used a personal information form, growth parameter measurements, and the Ankara Developmental Screening Inventory to assess the children. Participants were randomly divided into three groups. Control group, received standard care. Experimental group 1 (orally fed), received family-centered care and individualized nutrition training focused on age-appropriate food content, preparation methods, and meeting children's caloric needs. Experimental group 2 (orally and nutritionally fed), received the same interventions as group 1. The training programs for the experimental groups included information on strengthening breast milk and additional nutritional nutrition support. The training programs for the experimental groups likely addressed feeding challenges specific to children with CHD.
RESULTS: The study found a statistically significant difference in weight gain between the first and third follow-ups within the training group (children who received individualized nutrition education). This suggests that the training may have positively impacted weight gain. Additionally, the children in the training groups who were breastfed for longer than 12 months had better growth parameters and developmental scores compared to those with shorter breastfeeding durations.
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that individualized nutrition training for mothers of children with CHD surgery may support their children's growth and development, particularly when combined with prolonged breastfeeding.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a cosmetic capable of inducing the proliferation of normal human keratinocytes and resisting the chronobiological and/or photoinduced aging by including phloroglucinol (derivative) in a medium. SOLUTION: The cosmetic is obtained by including (B) phloroglucinol (derivative) in an amount of preferably 0.0001-5 wt.%, more preferably 0.001-2 wt.% based on the total weight of the cosmetic in (A) a medium for the cosmetic. The phloroglucinol, i.e., 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene corresponds to the formula and is present in a plant extract of, e.g. Eucalyptus kino or Acacia arabica. The phloroglucinol derivative is present in a plant Asnidium of the family Pteridaceae, etc. A natural product or a synthetic product may be used as the ingredient B; however, the phloroglucinol, 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene, etc., are preferably used.
Participants in the PLDSMS arm will receive 10 hours of group diabetes self-management education (DSME) with a certified diabetes care and education specialist. After the DSME group sessions, the group will complete 6 1-hour weekly diabetes self-management support (DSMS) session led by two peer leaders.
Ten participants with PHPT will be randomized to the intervention of 52 weeks of the walking program alone. Walking will consist of 30 minutes at a moderate pace every other day for 52 weeks.