anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Onconephrology is a growing discipline that aims to improve the management of patients with cancer and kidney disease. If kidney histology is an essential key, the anatomopathological data remain weak although essential to this complex management.
METHODS: Patients with active cancer who had a kidney biopsy (KB) between 2014 and 2020 were included, and their clinicobiological and histological data were analyzed retrospectively.
RESULTS: Our cohort consisted of 154 patients (83 women) with a mean age of 58 years. One hundred twelve patients presented with proteinuria, 95 with acute kidney injury, and 59 with arterial hypertension. Histologically, interstitial fibrosis was found in 74% of KBs, tubular atrophy in 55.1%, arteriolar hyalinosis in 58.4%, and fibrous endarteritis in 54.4%. Regarding the main acute lesions, thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) was found in 29.9% of biopsies, acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in 51.3%, and acute interstitial nephritis in 24.8%. The etiological diagnosis most often made was the nephrotoxicity of anticancer drugs (87 patients), followed by a pre-renal (15 patients) and kidney disease unrelated to cancer (13 patients). Sixty-seven patients presented with at least 2 associated diagnoses reflecting the complexity of kidney damage in cancer. Different clusters were found, highlighting that immunotherapy and anti-VEGF were the most commonly involved drugs.
CONCLUSIONS: During onconephrology practice, kidney toxicity of treatments is the most common etiology. Several mechanisms can be involved, underscoring the importance of kidney biopsy and the complexity of its management. Chronic histological lesions were very common.
Although rapid progression and a poor prognosis in influenza A virus (IAV) infection-induced acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are frequently associated with metabolic energy disorders, the underlying mechanisms and rescue strategies remain unknown. We herein demonstrated that the level of resting energy expenditure increased significantly in IAV-induced AECOPD patients and that cellular energy exhaustion emerged earlier and more significantly in IAV-infected primary COPD bronchial epithelial (pDHBE) cells. The differentially expressed genes were enriched in the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway; additionally, we consistently uncovered much earlier ATP exhaustion, more severe mitochondrial structural destruction and dysfunction, and OXPHOS impairment in IAV-inoculated pDHBE cells, and these changes were rescued by melatonin. The level of OMA1-dependent cleavage of OPA1 in the mitochondrial inner membrane and the shift in energy metabolism from OXPHOS to glycolysis were significantly increased in IAV-infected pDHBE cells; however, these changes were rescued by OMA1-siRNA or melatonin further treatment. Collectively, our data revealed that melatonin rescued IAV-induced cellular energy exhaustion via OMA1-OPA1-S to improve the clinical prognosis in COPD. This treatment may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for patients in which AECOPD is induced by IAV.
An experimental setup will be devised for the simultaneous monitoring and recording of EEG, ECG, AP, and R together with CBF in patients scheduled for major cardiac surgery. Recording sessions will take place 1 day before (PRE) and within 7 days after (POST) surgery. The experimental protocol including physiological data recordings includes three sessions lasting 10 minutes each: a session at resting state in supine position, a session during autonomic challenge obtained via active standing evoking reflex sympathetic activation, and a session of emotional elicitation via the administration of videos. The overall duration of the experiment is therefore 30 minutes in PRE and POST. A total of 40 short video clips of the duration of 15 seconds each will be presented to a total of 80 voluteers will be recruited for the MANCAVA study.
As with other NSAIDs, anaphylactoid reactions may occur in patients without known prior exposure to Salsalate tablets, USP. Salsalate tablets, USP should not be given to patients with the aspirin triad. This symptom complex typically occurs in asthmatic patients who experience rhinitis with or without nasal polyps, or who exhibit severe, potentially fatal bronchospasm after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs (see CONTRAINDICATIONSand PRECAUTIONS - Preexisting Asthma). Emergency help should be sought in cases where an anaphylactoid reaction occurs. 

Serious Skin Reactions

Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)

Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) has been reported in patients taking NSAIDs such as Salsalate tablets, USP. Some of these events have been fatal or life-threatening. DRESS typically, although not exclusively, presents with fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, and/or facial swelling. Other clinical manifestations may include hepatitis, nephritis, hematological abnormalities, myocarditis, or myositis. Sometimes symptoms of DRESS may resemble an acute viral infection. Eosinophilia is often present. Because this disorder is variable in its presentation, other organ systems not noted here may be involved. It is important to note that early manifestations of hypersensitivity, such as fever or lymphadenopathy, may be present even though rash is not evident. If such signs or symptoms are present, discontinue Salsalate tablets, USP and evaluate the patient immediately.

NSAIDs, including Salsalate tablets, USP, can cause serious skin adverse events such as exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), which can be fatal. These serious events may occur without warning. Patients should be informed about the signs and symptoms of serious skin manifestations and use of the drug should be discontinued at the first appearance of skin rash or any other sign of hypersensitivity.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in the US, yet there are effective screening and treatment strategies that allow for early detection and treatment. CRC screening is recommended for all individuals aged 50-75, which could include stool testing or colonoscopy, but national rates are still suboptimal at 59-65%. Colonoscopy is an essential component of CRC screening, as it is also required if stool testing is positive. However, colonoscopy requires a complex process to identify an escort, purchase the preparation, take a day off from work, adhere to a clear liquid diet, and complete the split-dose preparation as recommended. This results in a significant no-show and cancellation rate, along with suboptimal preparation quality, which can lead to non-adherence and incomplete screening.

Current approaches to engaging patients include having nurses call patients before the procedure or patient navigators. However, it is often difficult to get patients on the phone, and these interventions can be costly, making it less scalable for clinical practices. Other interventions such as videos or mobile apps have been limited by poor user experience or limited engagement with the patient. There is an opportunity to leverage an automated text message navigation intervention using the Way to Health (WTH) platform to improve patient engagement prior to colonoscopy completion. The WTH platform is a Penn Medicine platform that is hosted on site at the University of Pennsylvania. The platform allows custom text messages to automatically be sent to patients, in addition to bidirectional message capabilities. WTH is protected by a secure firewall and is a HIPAA compliant platform.

In the past year, our team conducted a quality improvement pilot initiative using WTH that tested the feasibility and impact of a one-week text messaging protocol for patients who were scheduled for outpatient colonoscopy. The text messages sent to patients contained information about the preparation process and instructions, expectations about the procedure, and reminders about location and timing. Among the 21 patients enrolled in the pilot, we found high user acceptability and higher colonoscopy show rates as compared to baseline values at Pennsylvania Presbyterian Medical Center. As such we believe that the texting intervention is feasible for testing in the context of a randomized controlled trial.
Aims: Seawater immersion significantly aggravated organ dysfunction following hemorrhagic shock, leading to higher mortality rate. However, the effective treatment is still unavailable in clinic. Mitochondria were involved in the onset and development of multiple organ function disorders; whether mitochondria participate in the cardiac dysfunction following seawater immersion combined with hemorrhagic shock remains poorly understood. Hence, we investigated the role and possible mechanism of mitochondria in seawater immersion combined with hemorrhage shock-induced cardiac dysfunction. Results: Mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) was activated and translocated from the cytoplasm to mitochondria in the heart following seawater immersion combined with hemorrhagic shock, leading to excessive mitochondrial fission. Excessive mitochondrial fission disrupted mitochondrial function and structure and activated mitophagy and apoptosis. At the same time, excessive mitochondrial fission resulted in disturbance of myocardial structure and hemodynamic disorders and ultimately provoked multiple organ dysfunction and high mortality. Further studies showed that the mitochondrial division inhibitor mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 can significantly reverse Drp1 mitochondrial translocation and inhibit mitochondrial fragmentation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, mitophagy, and apoptosis and then protect circulation and vital organ functions, prolonging animal survival. Innovation: Our findings indicate that Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission could be a novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of seawater immersion combined with hemorrhagic shock. Conclusion: Drp1 mitochondrial translocation played an important role in the cardiac dysfunction after seawater immersion combined with hemorrhage shock. Drp1-mediated excessive mitochondrial fission leads to cardiac dysfunction due to the mitochondrial structure and bioenergetics impairment.
X-ray contrast media for use in radiography of the gall bladder, kidneys and veins consist of aqueous solutions or suspensions of water-soluble salts of di- and tri-iodo derivatives of acylamino carboxylic acids.  The preparations may be given by the mouth or by intravenous injection or by retrograde administration.  The salts may be the alkali or organic base salts of di- and tri-iodo hippuric acid or of the di- and tri-iodo derivatives of benzoyl-amino-butyric acid, benzoyl-alanine, or benzoyl sarcosine.  These compounds may be prepared in the manner described in Specification 465,994.  For administration per os, sugar or other flavourings may be added. Reference is made to Specification 361,437 which describes the use of soluble organic bromine or iodine compounds for examination of the urogenital system, to the inhalation of emulsions or suspensions of iodinated or brominated fatty oils and amides of iodinated alkyl sulphonic acids or alkyl sulphuric acid esters or pyridone-N-acetic acids for examination of the bronchial system, and to media for examination of the joints consisting of solutions of iodinated pyridine-N-acetic acids or iodinated or brominated fatty oils in liquids reducing capillary resistance, such as carbohydrates or glutinous substances of animal or vegetable origin.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing lactic acid bacteria having high immunostimulation effect by selecting the medium composition of the lactic acid bacteria and to obtain an immunostimulator containing the lactic acid bacteria obtained by the method as an active ingredient.  <P>SOLUTION: The lactic acid bacteria having high immunostimulation effect is obtained by culturing lactic acid bacteria in a medium containing corn steep liquor and a casein hydrolyzate. The immunostimulator having excellent effect contains the lactic acid bacteria as the active ingredient. The culture is preferably carried out by keeping the medium at pH 6.5-7.5, the medium contains 1-15 mass % of corn steep liquor and 0.01-5 mass % of the casein hydrolyzate. Preferably the lactic acid bacteria are Enterococcus faecalis and the obtained lactic acid bacteria are heat-treated.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
The present invention discloses preparation and use of a nanoparticle-doped RNA hydrogel targeting to a triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The RNA hydrogel is a pure RNA system formed in a rolling circle transcription manner. The transcription process generates a large number of GC bonds, which provides a large number of sites for the introduction of DOX. The large number of RNA copy structures generated by rolling circle replication is a polyanionic aggregate. Due to the strong electronegativity of the polyanionic aggregate, electropositive MnO 2 @Ce6 nanoparticles are introduced, such that the colloid cationic MnO 2 @Ce6 particles can be stabilized by the polyanionic hydrogel, and thus target into a breast cancer cell for synergistic treatment. It can be used for a drug slow release system, has good biocompatibility, and has broad prospects in the fields of growth inhibition effects on targeted MDA-MB-231 tumor cells, inhibition of cancer metastasis and recurrence, and the like.
This invention provides a compound of the formula (I):                    
     or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3  and Y 4  are independently selected from N, CH, etc.; R 1  is H, C 1-8  alkyl, etc.; Q 1  is a 5-12 membered monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic ring optionally containing up to 4 heteroatoms selected from O, N, and S, etc.; A is 5-6 membered monocyclic aromatic ring optionally containing up to 3 heteroatoms selected form O, N and S, etc.; B is C 1-6  alkylene optionally substituted with an oxo group, etc.; W is NH, O, etc.; R 2  is H, C 1-4  alkyl, etc.; Z is a 5-12 membered monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic ring optionally containing up to 3 heteroatoms selected form O, N and S, etc.; L is halo, C 1-4  alkyl, etc.; m is 0, 1 or 2; R 3  and R 4  are independently selected from H and C 1-4  alkyl; R 5  is H, C 1-4  alkyl; etc.; Q 2  is a 5-12 membered monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic ring or tricyclic ring optionally containing up to 3 heteroatoms selected from O, N and S, etc. These compounds are useful for the treatment of medical conditions mediated by prostaglamndin such as pain, fever or inflammation, etc. This invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above compound.
PURPOSE: To obtain a therapeutic agent for proliferative dermatitis, capable of inhibiting proliferation of epidermal cell, especially keratinocyte, comprising a transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION: This proliferation inhibiting composition for proliferative epidermal cell comprises a fraction containing at least one TGF-β (TGF-β1 and TGF-β2) or at least eight amino acids of complete sequence of TGF-β, generally at least 35 amino acids in a series as an active ingredient. The composition is effective for inhibiting proliferation of keratinocyte induced by cytokinin (e.g. TGF-α, IL-1 or EGF). TGF-β or its analog is added to a cream for application to skin or an ointment base, pharmaceutically manufactured and is preferably mixed with an epidermis permeation enhancer (e.g. dimethyl sulfoxide).
Veterans in this group will complete the CPT+CBT-I+ERRT protocol augmented by auditory stimulation (NAP). Exposure stimulation includes playing a rhythmic tone at 40-60hz (commonly referred to as pink noise) throughout the ERRT session and during the presleep exposure portion of ERRT. During the ERRT session, the tone will be played softly so as not to interfere with the session and will be played throughout the entire session. Before sleep, the veteran will play the 40-60hz tone via their smartphone while they read their rescripted nightmare. During sleep, the 40-60hz tone will be delivered during slow-wave-sleep (SWS) by the DREEM device (DREEM, 2013).
The patient will be administered mifepristone (200mg) orally with juice or water by the clinician or study investigator. Patients that are over 22 weeks gestation will receive 1mg of intra-amniotic digoxin the day prior to the procedure.
Adult Studies in CKD on Dialysis

Three 12-week, placebo-controlled studies were conducted in 78 patients with CKD on hemodialysis. In these studies, patients ranged in age from 22 to 90 years, 51% were males, 13% were Caucasian, 79% were African-American, and 8% were Hispanic. The most common causes of renal failure were hypertension and diabetes. The dose of ZEMPLAR was started at 0.04 mcg/kg 3 times per week intravenously. The dose was increased by 0.04 mcg/kg every 2 weeks until intact PTH levels were decreased at least 30% from baseline or a fifth escalation brought the dose to 0.24 mcg/kg, or intact PTH fell to less than 100 pg/mL, or the Ca × P product was greater than 75 within any 2 week period, or serum calcium became greater than 11.5 mg/dL at any time. 

Patients treated with ZEMPLAR achieved a mean intact PTH reduction of 30% within 6 weeks. The results from these studies are as follows: 

Pediatric Study in CKD on Dialysis

ZEMPLAR was evaluated in a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 29 pediatric patients, aged 5 to 19 years, with CKD on hemodialysis; nearly all had received some form of vitamin D prior to the study. Of the 29 patients, 76% were male, 52% were Caucasian and 45% were African-American. The initial dose of ZEMPLAR was 0.04 mcg/kg 3 times per week, based on baseline intact PTH level of less than 500 pg/mL, or 0.08 mcg/kg 3 times per week, based on baseline intact PTH level of 500 pg/mL or greater. The dose of ZEMPLAR was adjusted in 0.04 mcg/kg increments based on the levels of serum intact PTH, calcium and Ca × P. The mean baseline levels of intact PTH were 841 pg/mL for the 15 ZEMPLAR-treated patients and 740 pg/mL for the 14 placebo-treated patients. The mean dose of ZEMPLAR administered was 4.6 mcg (range: 0.8 mcg to 9.6 mcg). Sixty-seven percent of the ZEMPLAR-treated patients and 14% of the placebo-treated patients completed the trial. Seventy-one percent of the placebo-treated patients discontinued due to excessive elevations in intact PTH levels, as defined by 2 consecutive intact PTH levels greater than 700 pg/mL and greater than baseline after 4 weeks of treatment. 

The primary efficacy analysis demonstrated that 60% of ZEMPLAR-treated patients and 21% of placebo-treated patients achieved two consecutive greater than or equal to 30% reductions from baseline in intact PTH.
Patients with ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation (AF) have a high risk of stroke recurrence, which is the highest among all other pathogenetic subtypes of stroke. This risk is substantially reduced with anticoagulant treatment. For many decades, vitamin-K antagonists (VKA) were the only anticoagulant choice for these patients. However, a number of limitations such as narrow therapeutic window, need for frequent INR measurements and consequent dose adjustments, risk of haemorrhagic complications, food-drug and drug-drug interactions, and others, have undermined the use of anticoagulation by both patients and physicians with apparent influence on the risk of stroke recurrence. During the last decade, four non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC) have been successfully introduced and showed superior safety and efficacy profile than VKAs, more convenient dosing schemes (i.e. no need for adjustments) and minimum interactions with food and drugs. These advantages of NOACs vs. VKAs may have obvious implications to patient adherence to treatment and, consequently, to the efficacy of secondary stroke prevention. Nevertheless, there are only very scarce data available yet that the adherence and persistence to NOACs is higher than the adherence and persistence to VKAs in the specific population of patients with ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation.

Recently, the SAMe-TT2R2 score has been introduced as a means to identify those AF patients who have inadequate quality of anticoagulation with VKAs expressed as Time within Therapeutic Range (TTR)5. In specific, VKA-anticoagulated AF patients with a SAMe-TT2R2 score of 0-2 are expected to have a TTR \>65%, whereas patients with a score of \>2 are expected to have lower TTR levels. In this context, one could hypothesize that increased SAMe-TT2R2 score may be associated with inadequate adherence and persistence to VKAs. Other parameters associated with inadequate adherence and persistence in the general AF population include education, employment, social status, and cognitive function. However, this is not well investigated in the specific population of patients with previous stroke where other conditions such as age and functional neurological status may also play an important role in adherence and persistence.
PURPOSE: Multi-core shell nanoparticles are provided to improve the saturation magnetization or transverse relaxivity of silica shell coated multi-core nanoparticles and to obtain the superior magnetic characteristic of a magnetic nanoparticle system. CONSTITUTION: Multi-core shell nanoparticles include manganese containing-magnetic nanoparticle(Mn-MNP) multi-core and a silica shell coating the multi-core. The multi core-shell nanoparticles further include organic fluorescent dye inside the silica shell. The thickness of the silica shell is between 9 and 90nm. The sizes of the multi-core shell nanoparticles are between 15 and 100nm. The Mn-MNP is Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, or the oxide of the same. The transverse relaxivity of the multi-core shell nanoparticles is between 400 and 550s^-1mN^-1. A targeting moiety is combined with the surface of the core-shell nanoparticles.
The use of benzodiazepines, including Restoril, exposes users to the risks of abuse, misuse, and addiction, which can lead to overdose or death. Abuse and misuse of benzodiazepines often (but not always) involve the use of doses greater than the maximum recommended dosage and commonly involve concomitant use of other medications, alcohol, and/or illicit substances, which is associated with an increased frequency of serious adverse outcomes, including respiratory depression, overdose, or death (see DRUG ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE, Abuse).

Before prescribing Restoril and throughout treatment, assess each patient’s risk for abuse, misuse, and addiction (e.g., using a standardized screening tool). Use of Restoril, particularly in patients at elevated risk, necessitates counseling about the risks and proper use of Restoril along with monitoring for signs and symptoms of abuse, misuse, and addiction. Prescribe the lowest effective dosage; avoid or minimize concomitant use of CNS depressants and other substances associated with abuse, misuse, and addiction (e.g., opioid analgesics, stimulants); and advise patients on the proper disposal of unused drug. If a substance use disorder is suspected, evaluate the patient and institute (or refer them for) early treatment, as appropriate.