anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Nocturnal worsening of asthma, frequently called NA, is a common problem among some people with asthma and one that leads to increased morbidity and mortality. It is still unknown why lung function worsens at night in some asthmatics and not others. There is a possible relationship between NA, biological clocks, and circadian rhythms, but more research is needed to understand this relationship. Although the diurnal nature of NA has been shown repeatedly in studies, circadian rhythms have not yet been implicated as a related factor. This study will examine the pathophysiology of NA as it relates to circadian biology and will specifically explore physiological and molecular aspects.

This study will include people with asthma, people with NA, and healthy people. Potential participants will attend a screening visit to assess general health and severity of asthma, if present. They will also complete 2 weeks of diary recordings of their daily symptoms and airway function.

Eligible participants will then attend two study visits. The first study visit will last 1 hour and may include a methacholine challenge and bronchodilator testing, both of which will measure lung function. For 2 weeks before the second study visit, participants will keep records of their sleep patterns. The second study visit will be a hospital stay that will last for 2.5 days. While in the hospital, participants will undergo periodic blood draws and lung function testing. During waking hours, participants will remain quietly awake. During the first night, participants will be monitored while they sleep. During the second night, participants will stay awake for 28 hours, which will continue into the third day. Then, on the third day, participants will sleep for 8 hours while again being monitored. Upon waking, participants will be given a regular meal and discharged.
Two cases of complicated pain exist: posterior screw fixation and myofascial pain. Intramuscular pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) may be an alternative treatment for such patients. This is a two-stage animal study. In the first stage, two muscle groups and two nerve groups were subdivided into a high-temperature group with PRF at 58 °C and a regular temperature with PRF at 42 °C in rats. In the second stage, two nerve injury groups were subdivided into nerve injury with PRF 42 °C on the sciatic nerve and muscle. Blood and spinal cord samples were collected. In the first stage, the immunohistochemical analysis showed that PRF upregulated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the spinal cord in both groups of rats. In the second stage, the immunohistochemical analysis showed significant BDNF and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) expression within the spinal cord after PRF in muscles and nerves after nerve injury. The blood biomarkers showed a significant increase in BDNF levels. PRF in the muscle in rats could upregulate BDNF-TrkB in the spinal cord, similar to PRF on the sciatica nerve for pain relief in rats. PRF could be considered clinically for patients with complicated pain and this study also demonstrated the role of BDNF in pain modulation. The optimal temperature for PRF was 42 °C.
The present invention relates to novel 2-amino-5-hydroxy-4-mathylpyrimidine, and substitutive amido derivates. The present invention is beneficial to be used as inhibiting agents which are synthesized by Leukotriene and are used for treating inflammation of lungs, cardiovascular diseases, cancers and psoriasis. In addition, the compound is used as a protective agent for cells, and therefore, the compound is used for treating peptic ulcer. The present invention also provides a method for preparing the effective compound by the rearrangement of rings of 2-amino-5-acetyl oxazole. The present invention also provides a medical composition of the original effective compound, and a preparation method of a composition of other anti-inflammation agents or stomach anti-secretion agents which contain the compound. 213: 75C07D246: 14).
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an interleukin-12 (IL-12) production accelerating composition which accelerates production of the IL-12 in a living body more powerfully than ever.  <P>SOLUTION: This IL-12 production accelerating composition is produced by using a bacidiomycete other than Agaricus blazei. Fomes yucatensis or Hericium erinaceum is used as the bacidiomycete other than the Agaricus blazei. The composition is discovered as a result of searching a new substance different from substances which have been reported that they have the IL-12 production accelerating action, after establishing in vivo and in vitro systems for screening the IL-12 production accelerating action and screening bacidiomytcetes of which the action has never reported yet. Choices for treating cancers are increased by utilizing the new IL-12 production accelerating substance.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
One-time intense microfocused ultrasound with calcium hydroxylapatite injection to one anterior lower thigh with option for additional filler injection at 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks. Optional combined treatment of the opposite lower anterior thigh at week 24 with no further follow up.
Each cycle of chemotherapy consists of 4 days of oral chemotherapy (Thioguanine, procarbazine hydrochloride, Lomustine and Vincristine sulfate beginning Day 0, followed by vincristine sulfate IV on Days 14 and 28. The cycle is repeated every 6 weeks (42 days). A total of 8 cycles will be given.
Oral sodium picolinate/magnesium citrate (PicolaxÒ), 2 sachets, each sachet contains 0.01 g of sodium picolinate, 3.5 g of magnesium oxide, 12.0 g of citric acid, each sachet should be dissolved in 150 ml of water, sachet 1 should be taken at 7:00 p.m.-9:00 p.m. on the first day of the operation, and cite 1,500-2,000 ml of clarified fluids after the dose and before going to bed, sachet 2 should be taken 4-6 hours prior to colonoscopy, and 750 ml of clarified fluids should be taken orally before the colonoscopy. The second bag should be taken 4-6 hours before the colonoscopy and 750 ml of clarified liquid should be taken orally before the colonoscopy.
To date, the first-line immunosuppressive immunosuppressive therapy of iMN includes corticosteroids combined with cyclophosphamide or rituximab (RTX). In recent randomized trials (MENTOR, GEMRITUX), the long-term remission rate of RTX is about 60%, which is similar to the remission rate of cyclophosphamide combined with corticosteroids in early studies. But there is only one published randomized trial (STARMEN) comparing the efficacy of the two protocols head-to-head. In STRAMEN trial, the long-term remission rate of cyclophosphamide+corticosteroids group was 83%, which was significantly higher than the that (58%) of the tacrolimus-RTX group. But in STRAMEN trial, only one single dose of RTX was given which might influence the efficacy of the tacrolimus-RTX arm. Therefore, head-to-head comparison of RTX (more than one dose) and cyclophosphamide+corticosteroid is needed. The optimal dose of RTX in the treatment of iMN is unclear. In MENTOR trial, RTX was given 1g on D1 and D15, and the rate of complete remission at 6 month was 0, so RTX was repeated at 6 month. Based on the experience of our center, most patients need at least one repeated dose of RTX at 6 month.

Based on the previous rationale, the investigators designed this study to compare the efficacy of cyclophosphamide plus corticosteroids with RTX in the treatment of iMN.
Patients will receive a total of 7 subcutaneous injections, at weeks 1, 2, 3, 8 , 20 , 32 , and 52. Minor schedule adjus tment s are permitted , as needed Vaccines must occur a minimum of 6 days apart. The last three vaccine s can be administered up to one week earlier or later than indicated without representing a protocol violation.Patients assigned to Group 2 will receive oral β glucan (40 mg/kg/day) starting week 1 and continue with approximately 2 weeks on, 2 weeks off, up to 1 cycle after the last vaccination .
Ovarian serous borderline tumors (SBTs) have a generally favorable prognosis. Although the risk of progression to low-grade serous carcinoma is well documented, progression to high-grade carcinoma is rare. We report the clinicopathologic features of seven SBTs, each associated with the presence of a morphologically unique high-grade component with an extremely dismal prognosis. All of the SBTs exhibited typical hierarchical branching and scattered eosinophilic cells, whereas the high-grade component consisted of a profuse proliferation of epithelioid cells with abundant dense, eosinophilic cytoplasm, variable nuclear pleomorphism, and evident loss of WT1, estrogen receptor, and p16 positivity. In most cases, the SBT demonstrated an abrupt transition to the high-grade component, but one patient initially presented with the usual SBT and developed a recurrent disease that was composed entirely of the high-grade component. Targeted next-generation sequencing revealed identical driver mutations in both the SBT and high-grade components ( BRAF in 3, KRAS in 1), confirming clonality. Three cases, in addition, harbored telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutations in both components. One case, despite insufficient material for sequencing, was BRAF V600E-positive by immunohistochemistry. Most patients with available follow-up data died within 9 months of diagnosis. This study confirms prior reports of ovarian SBT transformation to high-grade carcinoma and further characterizes a distinct subset with abundant dense eosinophilic cytoplasm and an extremely dismal prognosis. The presence of BRAF mutations in a major subset of these tumors questions the notion that BRAF is associated with senescent eosinophilic cells and improved outcomes in SBT. The role of the additional telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutations merits further investigation.
BACKGROUND: Dexmedetomidine has been shown to effectively control intraoperative bleeding and improve surgical field visualization. However, its value in endonasal surgeries remains a matter of debate.
METHODOLOGY: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for studies comparing dexmedetomidine with placebo in endonasal surgeries. Outcomes included bleeding, operative time (OT), surgeon's satisfaction, postoperative pain (POP), and nausea/vomiting (PONV). For statistical analysis, we used RevMan 5.4.1, and assessed heterogeneity with I2 statistics.
RESULTS: We included a total of 1386 patients from 22 studies. In the placebo group, there was higher bleeding volume, whereas the dexmedetomidine group showed lower scores on the Fromme-Boezaart scale. Additionally, the surgeon satisfaction risk ratio (RR) increased, and OT was reduced in the dexmedetomidine group. The dexmedetomidine group had lower incidences of POP and PONV.
CONCLUSIONS: In endonasal surgeries, dexmedetomidine was associated with improvements in surgical field visualization as evidenced by reduced intraoperative bleeding and postoperative morbidities.
The bacterial composition of the intestinal microbiome has been linked to the development of chronic diseases including obesity, metabolic syndrome, type II diabetes and heart disease. Grapes provide a rich source of polyphenols and fiber. It has been demonstrated in animal studies that fruits with high polyphenol content and fiber exhibit prebiotic effects leading to changes in the gut microbiome, decrease in symptoms of metabolic syndrome, improvement in insulin resistance and decrease in intestinal and systemic inflammation. Several human intervention studies have also been performed that demonstrated beneficial effects of high polyphenol fruits on the intestinal microbiome. No information is available about the effect of grape consumption on the gut microbiome. This proposed pilot study will assess the ability of consumption of two servings of grapes daily to alter the gut microbiome composition, leading to increased bile secretion, increased fecal cholesterol degradation/excretion, decreased plasma cholesterol and improved intestinal wellbeing in a free-living population. 20 subjects will consume the beige diet for 4 weeks followed by one dose (two servings) of standardized Freeze-Dried Whole Table Grape Powder (46g) daily for 4 weeks. The primary objective of this pilot study is to determine changes in the gut microbiome. Secondary outcome will be fecal bile and cholesterol and their metabolites, plasma cholesterol and intestinal wellbeing questionnaire at 4 and 8 weeks Stool samples will be collected at 4 and 8 weeks for sequencing of bacterial DNA to determine changes in the microbiota. Changes in fecal bile, cholesterol, and cholesterol metabolites will be analyzed by gas chromatography. The objective of the proposed pilot study is to determine whether intake of 2 servings of grapes per day will alter the intestinal microflora leading to an increase in intestinal cholesterol degradation, decreased plasma cholesterol and increased intestinal wellbeing. This project will provide novel preliminary data for future research studies and to develop new consumer messages on the gut health benefits of grapes. New consumer information about the health benefit of grapes will enhance the The California Table Grape industry domestic and export marketing programs and increase consumption of grapes.
Materials and Methods: Twenty healthy male patients aged between 18 and 45 years old were selected in the study. Mandibular first molar teeth with failed non-surgical treatment or re-treatment due to iatrogenic errors at the apical 3mm of the mesial root canal including canal ledging, zipping and transportation, root perforation, separated instrument, and canal calcification were selected. Piezosurgery assisted cavity preparation and root-end resection were performed in Groups I and II, and Trephine bur assisted cavity and root-end resection was performed in Groups III and IV. An apical curettage was performed and the over-extended objects such as separated instruments or gutta percha were removed. The PRF clots was placed inside the bone cavity in groups I and III while the bone cavity was kept for 2 min to allow the blood clots to be formed in groups II and IV. The degree of pain and swelling were recorded for five days every 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours postoperatively.
BACKGROUND Incidental findings of renal infarct secondary to thrombosis in acutely ill patients present a unique challenge in diagnosis. We present a case of idiopathic renal infarct to highlight its workup and management and encourage further investigation of renal infarctions. CASE REPORT A 68-year-old woman with a past medical history of diet-controlled diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia presented to the Emergency Department (ED) for abdominal pain. She was found to be in diabetic ketoacidosis with pyelonephritis, so she was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for insulin and dextrose drip. Due to her abdominal pain, she underwent computed tomography (CT) of her abdomen and pelvis with contrast. This revealed multifocal infarcts of her right kidney with noncalcified thrombus at the proximal right renal artery. Subsequent CT angiography confirmed a right renal artery thrombus. She was started on subcutaneous enoxaparin and downgraded to basic level of care. Her history was negative for prior thrombosis, hypercoagulable state, and abdominal trauma. Echocardiogram and limited hypercoagulable workup were largely unremarkable. A multidisciplinary team evaluated the patient and recommended no surgical intervention. Following downgrade from the ICU, the patient was transitioned from enoxaparin to apixaban. She was discharged with plans for anticoagulation for 6 months, aspirin daily, and repeat CT angiogram abdomen/pelvis in 1 month. CONCLUSIONS This case illustrates the difficulties in elucidating the cause of incidental renal thrombosis in an acutely ill patient. Diagnostic workup is limited in the inpatient setting, but therapeutic anticoagulation remains the standard of treatment regardless of etiology.
Weaning process is commonly associated with gastrointestinal inflammation and dysbiosis of the intestinal microbes. In particular, the impact of gut bacteria and extracellular vesicles on the etiology of intestinal inflammation during weaning is not well understood. We have uncovered a potential link between gut inflammation and the corresponding variation of macrophage bacterial sensing and pro-inflammatory polarization during the weaning process of piglets through single-cell transcriptomic analyses. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of bacterial distribution across the gastrointestinal tract and pinpointed Bacteroides uniformis enriching in piglets undergoing weaning. Next, we found out that exposure to B. uniformis-derived extracellular vesicles (BEVs) exacerbated gut inflammation in a murine colitis model while recruiting and polarizing intestinal macrophages toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype. BEVs modulated the function of macrophages cultured in vitro by suppressing the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor/signal transducer and activator of transcription 5/arginase 1 pathway, thereby affecting polarization toward an M1-like state. The effects of BEVs were verified both in the macrophage clearance murine model and by using an adoptive transfer assay. Our findings highlight the involvement of BEVs in facilitating the polarization of pro-inflammatory macrophages and promoting gut inflammation during weaning.
BACKGROUND: Both bone forearm fractures (BBFFs) are a common injury amongst the pediatric population. The main indications of surgical fixation are open, irreducible, or unstable fractures. The two most commonly used surgical techniques are closed or open reduction with intramedullary fixation (IMF) and open reduction with plate fixation (PF). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine which fixation method is superior for BBFFs.
METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CENTRAL were searched to identify studies comparing IMF and PF. We extracted data on union rates, complications, early hardware removal rates, reoperation rates, and radiographic, clinical, and perioperative outcomes.
RESULTS: Sixteen studies were included in the analysis, with a total of 922 patients (539 IMF and 383 PF). Similar union rates were achieved by both fixation technique. IMF was associated with a higher incidence of symptomatic hardware, and early hardware removal. Better restoration of the radial bow was observed with the PF group, especially in older children and adolescents. The rate of excellent function was comparable between groups, whereas better cosmesis was reported with the IMF group. Despite shorter fluoroscopy time and immobilization time, PF demonstrated longer tourniquet time, operating time, and hospital stay compared to IMF.
CONCLUSIONS: We found no significant difference between IMF and PF in terms of union rates and functional outcomes taking in consideration the merits and demerits of each technique. High-quality randomized controlled trials are, therefore, necessary to determine the superiority of one fixation technique over the other.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.
Dasiglucagon 1mg/ml solution for subcutaneous injection. Size and frequency of dosing will be determined by the AP algorithm. Duration: 3 days.
The rising antimicrobial resistance has led to more than 33,000 deaths in Europe in 2015. Among them, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) are the most frequent in Europe and carbapenems are recommended as a first line treatment by the guidelines despite the fact they are last-resource agents. Nevertheless, the overuse of carbapenems triggered the emergence of carbapenems-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). Alternatives to carbapenems are needed to treat ESBL-E infections efficiently without selecting CRE. One strategy described during the last few years is to guide the empirical antimicrobial therapy upon the fecal carriage of ESBL-E. In fact, ESBL-E fecal carriers are more often colonised in the lungs with ESBL-E and have more subsequent ESBL-E infections than non-carriers. However, the positive predictive value of ESBL-E fecal carriage for subsequent ESBL-E is only of 40% despite a negative predictive value of almost 100%. Besides, a before-after cohort study with and without ESBL-E fecal carriage screening exhibited a decrease of carbapenems consumption without any clinical harm. Several studies compared carbapenems vs alternatives after ESBL-E documentation and did not find any clinical harm either but carbapenems were almost always used before documentation. At the best of our knowledge, no study prospectively investigated an alternative to carbapenems for the empirical antimicrobial therapy (before documentation) of ventilator-associated pneumonia despite those encouraging data. This study aims to assess the relevance of piperacillin-tazobactam as the empirical antimicrobial therapy in case of a ventilator-associated pneumonia among ESBL-E fecal carriers. The treatment will be then adapted according to the susceptibility profile. The follow-up of the patients will last until 28 days after their inclusion and until their discharge from intensive care unit if it occurs later. Bacterial susceptibility to the antimicrobial treatment and clinical outcomes will be recorded.
AIM: Our main goal of this meta-analytical analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) against multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in the context of identifying biochemical recurrence in patients with prostate cancer (PCa).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A thorough search covering articles published until March 2023 was carried out across major databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Studies examining the direct comparison of PSMA PET/CT and mpMRI in patients with PCa suffering biochemical recurrence were included in the inclusion criteria. Using the renowned Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Performance Studies-2 technique, each study's methodological rigor was assessed.
RESULTS: We analyzed data from six eligible studies involving 290 patients in total. The combined data showed that for PSMA PET/CT and mpMRI, respectively, the pooled overall detection rates for recurrent PCa after definitive treatment were 0.69 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45-0.89) and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.44-0.91). The detection rates for local recurrence were specifically 0.52 (95% CI: 0.39-0.65) and 0.62 (95% CI: 0.31-0.89), while they were 0.50 (95% CI: 0.26-0.74) and 0.32 (95% CI: 0.18-0.48) for lymph node metastasis. Notably, there was no discernible difference between the two imaging modalities in terms of the overall detection rate (P = 0.95). The detection rates for local recurrence and lymph node metastasis did not differ statistically significantly (P = 0.55, 0.23).
CONCLUSION: The performance of PSMA PET/CT and mpMRI in identifying biochemical recurrence in PCa appears to be comparable. However, the meta-analysis' findings came from research with modest sample sizes. In this context, more extensive research should be conducted in the future.