anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation and metabolic complications, including insulin resistance (IR). Immune cells drive inflammation through the rewiring of intracellular metabolism. However, the impact of obesity-related IR on the metabolism and functionality of circulating immune cells, like monocytes, remains poorly understood. To increase insight into the interindividual variation of immunometabolic signatures among individuals and their role in the development of IR, we assessed systemic and tissue-specific IR and circulating immune markers, and we characterized metabolic signatures and cytokine secretion of circulating monocytes from 194 individuals with a BMI ≥25 kg/m2. Monocyte metabolic signatures were defined using extracellular acidification rates (ECARs) to estimate glycolysis and oxygen consumption rates (OCRs) for oxidative metabolism. Although monocyte metabolic signatures and function based on cytokine secretion varied greatly among study participants, they were strongly associated with each other. The ECAR-to-OCR ratio, representing the balance between glycolysis and oxidative metabolism, was negatively associated with fasting insulin levels, systemic IR, and liver-specific IR. These results indicate that monocytes from individuals with IR were relatively more dependent on oxidative metabolism, whereas monocytes from more insulin-sensitive individuals were more dependent on glycolysis. Additionally, circulating CXCL11 was negatively associated with the degree of systemic IR and positively with the ECAR-to-OCR ratio in monocytes, suggesting that individuals with high IR and a monocyte metabolic dependence on oxidative metabolism also have lower levels of circulating CXCL11. Our findings suggest that monocyte metabolism is related to obesity-associated IR progression and deepen insights into the interplay between innate immune cell metabolism and IR development in humans.
BACKGROUND: Cluster headache is characterized by activation of the trigeminovascular pathway with subsequent pain signalling in the meningeal vessels, and inflammation has been suggested to play a role in the pathophysiology. To further investigate inflammation in cluster headache, inflammatory markers were analysed in patients with cluster headache and controls.
METHODS: We performed a case-control study, collecting cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples from healthy controls, cluster headache patients in remission, active bout, and during an attack to cover the dynamic range of the cluster headache phenotype. Inflammatory markers were quantified using Target 48 OLINK cytokine panels.
RESULTS: Altered levels of several cytokines were found in patients with cluster headache compared to controls. CCL8, CCL13, CCL11, CXCL10, CXCL11, HGF, MMP1, TNFSF10 and TNFSF12 levels in cerebrospinal fluid were comparable in active bout and remission, though significantly higher than in controls. In serum samples, CCL11 and CXCL11 displayed decreased levels in patients. Only one cytokine, IL-13 was differentially expressed in serum during attacks.
CONCLUSION AND INTERPRETATION: Our data shows signs of possible neuroinflammation occurring in biological samples from cluster headache patients. Increased cerebrospinal fluid cytokine levels are detectable in active bout and during remission, indicating neuroinflammation could be considered a marker for cluster headache and is unrelated to the different phases of the disorder.
BACKGROUND: The association between bone fracture and cardiovascular diseases is examined in this study. While basic research has established a connection between fractures and heart attacks through the linkage between bones and arteries, population studies have not provided clear evidence. The aim of the present study is to investigate the association between bone fracture and the occurrence of myocardial infarction in a natural population during long-term follow-up.
METHODS: A total of 13,196 adult participants with bone fracture history at baseline from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) prospective cohort were included in this study. Baseline investigation was performed in 1997-2009 and the outcome was followed up till 2015. Hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models.
RESULTS: From 1997 to 2015, a total of 329 incident myocardial infarction cases were identified. In univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, a history of bone fracture was associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction incidence in the total population (for the crude model: HR = 2.56, 95% CI 1.83-3.53, P < 0.001; for the multivariate model: HR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.02-1.99, P = 0.036). In the stratified analysis, bone fracture was not associated with an increased risk of incident myocardial infarction in subjects with age < 50 years (HR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.34-1.47, P = 0.356), but significantly associated with an increased risk of incident myocardial infarction in subjects with age ≥ 50 years (HR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.23-2.63, P = 0.003).
CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested by the present study that bone fracture may be associated with an increased risk of incident myocardial infarction in the elderly population during long-term follow-up.
The study was a prospective, three-armed, randomized controlled trial. Participants were stratified by site (Edmonton, Ottawa, and Vancouver) and planned chemotherapy protocol (taxane-based versus nontaxane-based) and randomly assigned to AET, RET, or usual care (UC) in a 1:1:1 ratio using a random-numbers table. Participants assigned to the AET group were asked to perform aerobic exercise three times per week on a recumbent or upright cycle ergometer, treadmill, or elliptical. Exercise duration began at 15 minutes for weeks 0 through 2, and then systematically increased by 5 minutes every three weeks thereafter to 45 minutes for weeks 18 and beyond. Exercise intensity began at 60% of VO2max for weeks 0 through 2 and then systematically increased by 10% every 6 weeks thereafter to 80% of VO2max for weeks 12 and beyond. Warm-up and cool-down periods consisted of 5 minutes of aerobic activity at the power output of the ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (approximately 50% of peak oxygen consumption). Participants assigned to the RET group were asked to perform resistance exercise three times per week, which consisted of two sets of 10 repetitions of 9 different exercises performed at 60-70% of 1-repetition maximum. The specific exercises were: leg extension, leg curl, calf raises, chest press, latissimus pulldown, overhead press, triceps extension, biceps curls, and modified curl-ups. Resistance was increased by approximately 10% or the next weight level when the participant was able to complete 12 repetitions per set without difficulty.
Volunteers will recieve 5 grams of Sodium Phenylbutyrate daily for 3 weeks (21 days). Sodium Pheburane will come in granuale form and 5 grams will be dosed every day.
This study will involve the utilization of a noninvasive computer application (Neurofit) to perform oculometric assessment of dynamic visual processing . Eye movements are short latency, voluntary motor behaviors that consist of various aspects including visual motion, pursuit initiation, steady-state tracking, direction tuning, and speed tuning. The computer application is based on an eye movement methodology that can quantify many aspects of human dynamic visual processing using a noninvasive video-based eye tracking technology with validated oculometric analysis techniques. It captures 8 domains of oculometric function and reports a composite score (NFit).

Prior studies have demonstrated sensorimotor dysfunction in patients with diffuse brain injury which leads to derangement in information processing throughout the brain. This computer application has been utilized in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Liston et al, in a study of 34 TBI patients, demonstrated that TBI patients had several individual oculometrics that were significantly deranged including pursuit latency, initial pursuit acceleration, pursuit gain, catch-up saccade amplitude, proportion smooth tracking, and speed responsiveness.

By comparing individual and composite oculometric data between patients before and after weight-loss surgery, this research study hopes to identify any significant differences or distinct patterns that may exist as a result of obesity. We also intend to compare changes in high-sensitivity CRP to assess if post-surgical changes in this inflammatory marker correlates with improvement in dynamic visual processing. Patients seen in our bariatric surgery clinic are primarily offered Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) as surgical weight loss options. These two procedures are different in that while both provide significant weight loss, the hormonal effects are different between procedures. For this reason, patients undergoing both surgeries will be recruited to determine any differences in oculometrics and serum biomarkers by surgery type. Liver histology data will be obtained per chart review if previously available. This data will be used to ascertain the existence of fatty liver disease, steatohepatitis and/or cirrhosis.
Here we describe the molecular identification of a cDNA encoding a novel serine protease we have termed protease T. The deduced amino acid sequence encodes a prepro form of 290 amino acids, and its alignment with other well-characterized serine proteases indicates that it is a member of the S1 serine protease family. We have found that the protease T mRNA is expressed in stomach, testis, retina, fibroblasts, spinal cord, and several regions of the brain. Protease T mRNA is also found in leukocytes and in the Jurkat (ATCC TIB-152) T cell line. Thus, this protease is potentially involved in gastric, testicular, retinal, dematological, neurological/neurodegenerative and/or immunological disorders. The protease T gene maps to human chromosome 16p13.3 which is near the tryptase locus. Enzymatically active protease T, we have generated, is amenable to further biochemical analyses for the identification of physiological substrates and specific modulators.
Transcranial direct current stimulation is currently very popular. The study is a double-blind randomized controlled trial, lasting for 15 days for each participant. Patients with post-stroke dysphagia who receive treatment at the Rehabilitation Department are selected as the study subjects. The patients are randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the placebo group. All patients receive routine rehabilitation therapy and swallowing rehabilitation training, along with enteral nutrition support using Intermittent Oro-esophageal Tube. In addition to these interventions, patients in the experimental group receive transcranial direct current stimulation, while the instruments used for patients in the placebo group only illuminate an indicator light without any actual effect.
Percutaneous liver biopsy has been utilized for decades to assess the severity of chronic liver disease, regardless of etiology. During this procedure a core sample of liver is obtained and examined histologically for the presence of inflammation, fibrosis and other features characteristic of specific liver disorders.Although liver biopsy is the gold standard by which to assess liver disease severity the procedure has significant limitations. Liver biopsy is a costly, invasive procedure with risks for morbidity and mortality. In addition, liver biopsy and examination of liver histology is subject to sampling variation and the manner by which these findings are evaluated and reported by individual pathologists.

Because of these limitations several investigators have attempted to develop alternative methods by which to assess liver disease severity. One approach was the development of serum markers which can estimate liver fibrosis. Such tests were developed by analyzing a battery of serum liver chemistries and the platelet count. Unfortunately, the test cannot detect more subtle changes in liver fibrosis and does not provide any information regarding hepatic function in patients with established cirrhosis. The concept of a metabolic liver function test, which could be utilized to assess the liver function was first explored several decades ago (20). Such tests are performed by administering a compound either orally or intravenously. The compound is removed by the liver from the blood, metabolized and a metabolic product is released back into the blood and excreted in the urine, saliva or exhaled breath; or the metabolic product is excreted in bile. Measuring the amount of the administered product that remains in serum over time or the amount of metabolic product which is produced and/or the rate at which this product is excreted provides an accurate measure of hepatic metabolic function.

Breath testing utilizing 13C labeled substrates provides a safe, non-invasive means for measuring hepatic metabolism. 13C is a stable, non-radioactive isotope which can be incorporated into a specific location within a test substrate so that it would be released when the compound is metabolized by the liver. Ideally, the 13C-compound would be administered orally, rapidly absorbed, metabolized by the liver and 13CO2 would be measured in exhaled breath within 20-30 minutes. Hepatic metabolism of the compound would be assessed by measuring the ratio of 13C/12C in exhaled breath. The ability to detect, differentiate and quantify 13C and 12C in exhaled CO2 has been greatly facilitated by the recent development of the Breath ID® collection system and analyzer unit. This portable device continuously senses exhaled breath and analyzes CO2 in real-time through a nasal cannula worn by the patient.
Participants will receive single 800 μg doses given as 8x100 μg (ex-valve) at 20-second intervals. The intervention period will be 10 days with dosing with either HFA-152a or HFA-134a on Day 1, Day 4, Day 7, and Day 10.
Placebo was of identical appearance to the IMP, and was administered as IM paravertebral injections, 1 mL per site. Total of 2 mL of placebo was injected.
The tolerability of PRECEDEX was studied in one study in which healthy adult subjects were administered doses at and above the recommended dose of 0.2 to 0.7 mcg/kg/hr. The maximum blood concentration achieved in this study was approximately 13 times the upper boundary of the therapeutic range. The most notable effects observed in two subjects who achieved the highest doses were first degree atrioventricular block and second-degree heart block. No hemodynamic compromise was noted with the atrioventricular block and the heart block resolved spontaneously within one minute.

Five adult patients received an overdose of PRECEDEX in the intensive care unit sedation studies. Two of these patients had no symptoms reported; one patient received a 2 mcg/kg loading dose over 10 minutes (twice the recommended loading dose) and one patient received a maintenance infusion of 0.8 mcg/kg/hr. Two other patients who received a 2 mcg/kg loading dose over 10 minutes, experienced bradycardia and/or hypotension. One patient who received a loading bolus dose of undiluted PRECEDEX (19.4 mcg/kg), had cardiac arrest from which he was successfully resuscitated.
BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of yoga as a form of Vestibular Rehabilitation (VR) to standard VR for managing patients with symptoms such as dizziness, disequilibrium and gait instability.
METHODS: 150 participants based on 18-point difference in the DHI score were randomly assigned to group 1- Yoga, group 2- VR and group 3- control group using block randomization. The intervention was provided for 12 weeks. The participants were assessed for Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) at baseline, 4 th, 8 th and 12 th week.
RESULTS: The mean DHI for group 1(41.12±7.13) group 2 (42.96±10.54) group 3 (50.84±10.78), p<0.001 decreased significantly in group 1 and 2 when compared to baseline. There was no statistically significant difference in overall Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) scores between the Yoga and Physiotherapy groups after one month; however, both groups resulted in a significant decrease in scores when compared to the control group. Similarly, by the end of the second and third months, there was no significant distinction between the Yoga and Physiotherapy groups, even though both had a considerable decrease in DHI scores when compared to the control group. Furthermore, an examination of the functional, emotional, and physical components of DHI demonstrated persistent trends of significant improvement in both the Yoga and Physiotherapy groups as compared to the control group over a three-month period.
CONCLUSIONS: In addition to VR, Yoga and medications administered concurrently can provide effective therapeutic effects. Yoga has an advantage over VR since it offers a customized cure for giddiness in addition to symptom relief. Yoga might be a great alternative to the conventional VR because along with enhancing overall body relaxation, it is affordable and is easy to learn.
BACKGROUND: Protein and phosphorus intake, which affect chronic kidney disease (CKD), is assessed using cumbersome food diaries. Therefore, more straightforward and accurate methods of assessing protein and phosphorus intake are needed. We decided to investigate the nutrition status and dietary protein and phosphorus intake of patients with stages 3, 4, 5, or 5D CKD.
METHODS: This cross-sectional survey included outpatients with CKD at seven class A tertiary hospitals in Beijing, Shanghai, Sichuan, Shandong, Liaoning, and Guangdong in China. Protein and phosphorus intake levels were calculated using 3-day food records. Protein levels and calcium and phosphorus serum concentrations were measured; urinary urea nitrogen was determined using a 24-h urine test. Protein and phosphorus intakes were calculated using the Maroni and Boaz formulas, respectively. The calculated values were compared with the recorded dietary intakes. An equation that regressed phosphorus intake on protein intake was constructed.
RESULTS: The average recorded energy and protein intake was 1637.5 ± 595.74 kcal/day and 56.97 ± 25.25 g/day, respectively. Overall, 68.8% of patients had a good nutrition status (grade A on the Subjective Global Assessment). The correlation coefficient between protein intake and calculated intake was 0.145 (P = 0.376) and that between phosphorus intake and calculated intake was 0.713 (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Protein and phosphorus intakes correlated linearly. Chinese patients with stage 3-5 CKD had low daily energy intake but high protein intake. Malnutrition was present in 31.2% of patients with CKD. The phosphorus intake could be estimated from the protein intake.
Patients are being asked to be in this study because they have extensive disease small cell lung cancer. All eligible participants who agree to be in the study will receive both abraxane and carboplatin. The researchers want to evaluate the activity and safety of the combination of abraxane and carboplatin, and if this combination can help people with extensive disease small cell lung cancer.

Carboplatin is a chemotherapy drug that has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat ovarian cancer. It is in a class of drugs known as platinum-containing compounds. It slows or stops the growth of cancer cells in your body. Carboplatin is not approved by the FDA for use in the treatment of small-cell lung cancer, either alone or combined with other anti-cancer drugs. However, carboplatin given with paclitaxel is a standard or active treatment in patients with small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer. Abraxane is a chemotherapy drug that was approved by the FDA to treat metastatic breast cancer after other chemotherapy has already been tried. Abraxane is a new preparation of the active ingredient in the chemotherapy drug, paclitaxel. In a study done in breast cancer patients, Abraxane was compared to paclitaxel. Abraxane has been shown to be more effective than paclitaxel in tumor response and tumor progression, in addition to having fewer side effects than paclitaxel. Abraxane was shown to cause less damage to a person's white blood cells (the cells that fight infection) and cause fewer allergic reactions; however, more patients developed numbness of their hands and feet.

Carboplatin and Abraxane are intravenous (IV) medications. Patients will begin treatment with 2 cycles (1 cycle = 21 days) of abraxane and carboplatin. Then there will be a disease assessment at cycles 2 and 4. Patients with stable disease, partial response, or complete response will get additional cycles. Patients with progressive disease no will be taken off the study treatment. A maximum of 6 cycles will be given.
Detecting circulating tumor cells has exhibited great significance in treating cancers since its concentration is an index strongly associated with the development and transfer of the tumor. However, the present commercial method for CTC detection is still expensive, because special antibodies and complicated devices must be used for cell separation and imaging. Hence, it is quite necessary to apply alternative materials and methods to decrease the cost of CTC detection. In this article, we coated a cellulose acetate membrane with nanoparticles formed by the polymerization of melamine and furfural, creating a surface with nanoscale roughness for the highly efficient capture of the sparse CTCs in a blood sample. Subsequently, the CTCs on the surface can be quantitatively detected by colorimetry with the aid of a COF-based nanozyme. The detection limit (LOD) can be as low as 3 cells/mL, which is the lowest LOD among the colorimetric methods to our knowledge. Considering the low cost of fabricating the membrane for CTC capture and the robustness of nanozymes compared with natural enzymes, this CTC detection approach displays great potential to decrease the financial burden of commercial CTC detection.
Participants will receive an indoor bicycle and an exercise band (delivered and set up in their home). Participants will complete 1 "live" class per week for 8 weeks. Their exercise prescription will be based on a stress test. Classes will be led by a specially trained instructor and will include a warm-up, 30 minutes of aerobic exercise, 10 minutes of strength exercises, and a cooldown and stretching segment. During each "live" class, the exercise supervisor will play the corresponding video and supervise the participants through the Zoom for Healthcare platform. Heart rate and RPE data will be collected from each participant. Participants will have access to other pre-recorded exercise videos that they can stream "on demand" at any time. Participants will be encouraged to access them throughout the week. Participants will have access to the same 8 pre-recorded educational videos that the control and exercise streaming groups will receive.