anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND & AIMS: In primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), static liver stiffness measurement (LSM) has proven prognostic value. However, the added prognostic value of LSM time course in this disease remains uncertain.
METHODS: We conducted an international retrospective cohort study among patients with PBC treated with ursodeoxycholic acid and followed by vibration-controlled transient elastography between 2003 and 2022. Using joint modeling, the association of LSM trajectory and the incidence of serious clinical events (SCE), defined as cirrhosis complications, liver transplantation, or death, was quantified using the hazard ratio and its confidence interval.
RESULTS: A total of 6362 LSMs were performed in 3078 patients (2007 on ursodeoxycholic acid alone; 13% with cirrhosis), in whom 316 SCE occurred over 14,445 person-years (median follow-up, 4.2 years; incidence rate, 21.9 per 1000 person-years). LSM progressed in 59% of patients (mean, 0.39 kPa/year). After adjusting for prognostic factors at baseline, including LSM, any relative change in LSM was associated with a significant variation in SCE risk (P < .001). For example, the adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) associated with a 20% annual variation in LSM were 2.13 (1.89-2.45) for the increase and 0.40 (0.33-0.46) for the decrease. The association between LSM trajectory and SCE risk persisted regardless of treatment response or duration, when patients with cirrhosis were excluded, and when only death or liver transplantation was considered.
CONCLUSIONS: Tracking longitudinal changes in LSM using vibration-controlled transient elastography provides valuable insights into PBC prognosis, offering a robust predictive measure for the risk of SCE. LSM could be used as a clinically relevant surrogate end point in PBC clinical trials.
This is a open label, single center, phase II trial for patients with clinical stage IB-IIIA NSCLC (T1-3N0-2M0) who have resectable tumors that harbor EGFR activating mutations. Patients will receive erlotinib x 3 weeks prior to initiation of concurrent erlotinib and chemotherapy.
The overwhelming majority of HIV-infected persons reside in the developing world. As such, recent efforts have focused on providing antiretroviral pharmacotherapy to this population. However, there are a number of factors indigenous to non-Western HIV-infected patients that may alter their virologic, immunologic, and/or toxicologic response to antiretroviral therapy. Absorption, distribution, and clearance of antiretroviral medications may differ among patients residing in non-Western countries secondary to dietary influences, parasitic infection, and malabsorption. Genetic polymorphisms of drug metabolizing enzymes (cytochrome P450; CYP) and drug transporters (i.e. P-glycoprotein) may also contribute to altered pharmacokinetics among these patients. The purpose of this pilot, hypothesis-generating study is (1) to characterize the pharmacokinetics of the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor nevirapine in a non-Western HIV-infected population (Kampala, Uganda) and in a similar cohort of HIV-infected individuals in the United States and (2) to compare pharmacokinetic parameter values between the groups. Twenty-five subjects from each site will participate. Subjects from the Ugandan site may participate regardless of their CD4+ lymphocyte count and viral load; they will be studied prior to the U.S. cohort. The U.S. group will be selected to include subjects that are matched by gender to their Ugandan counterparts. Subjects will have one pre-dose and two post-dose blood samples collected for the determination of nevirapine plasma concentrations. Samples will be analyzed using LC/MS-MS. Population pharmacokinetics parameter values (Cmax, Cmin, AUC, CL/F, Vd) will be determined using NONMEM(Trademark) and compared between groups. Blood samples collected during the study will also be used to determine CYP and MDR1 genotypes of study subjects in an effort to explain any observed differences in pharmacokinetics parameter values between the study populations.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by significant memory loss, toxic protein deposits amyloid and tau) in the brain, and changes in the gamma frequency band on EEG. Gamma waves are important for memory, and in patients with AD, there are fewer gamma waves in the brain. The investigator's lab found that boosting gamma waves in AD mouse models using light and sound stimulation at 40Hz not only reduced amyloid and tau in the brain, but also improved memory. The investigators developed a light and sound device for humans that stimulates the brain at 40Hz that can be used safely at home. The investigators also developed a vibrating device for humans that stimulates the brain at 40Hz via tactile stimulation. The investigators want to see if using these devices can prevent dementia in people who are at risk for developing Alzheimer's disease.

The investigators are recruiting 60 participants who have been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease to participate in this study. There will be a small cohort of 4 early-onset AD participants aged 50-65, and the rest will be diagnosed with typical AD and aged 65+. It will take place at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, MA, and will last 6 months with 3 required visits to the institution: the first at baseline, the second at three months, and the last after six months. Visits will include blood tests, fecal samples, EEG (using light, sound, and tactile stimulation), MRI, memory and cognitive tests, and questionnaires to monitor progress. Participants will take home a gamma light and sound device to use daily as well as a "Fitbit" type of watch to wear to track sleep patterns. Half of the participants will receive sham treatment, meaning they will use the investigators' device but the light and sound will not be set at 40Hz. The other half will receive the same device but it will be set to stimulate the brain with 40Hz light and sound. Neither the participant nor the investigators will know whether the participant is receiving sham or active stimulation. Participants will use the device for six months at home, for 60 minutes each day when they are awake. After six months, participants will have the option of continuing in the study for one additional year, during which time they will be guaranteed the 40Hz active treatment, regardless of their original group assignment. For this additional year, participants will continue to use the device for 60 minutes every day, and they will come in for a final visit to MIT at the 18-month time point.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether gamma entrainment through non-invasive 40Hz sensory stimulation is possible in those with AD, and whether functional connectivity in their brain and molecular biomarkers of AD will change after 6 months of daily treatment with the investigators' light and sound device. The treatment's impact on the microbiome, cognition, and daily sleep and activity will also be measured. This study will provide critical insight into extended therapy involving non-invasive 40Hz sensory stimulation as a possible therapeutic strategy for mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.
The invention relates to traditional Chinese medicine preparation, namely a diet pill. Simultaneously, the diet pill has curative effects of improving microcirculation, treating hypertension and treating diseases of tinnitus, rhinitis, nervous headache, vertigo, dysphoria and the like due to circulatory disturbance. The name of the diet pill is slimming incense. Active ingredients of the diet pill comprise bulk drug including, by weight, from 15 to 30 parts of calyx melo, from 20 to 30 parts of ginkgo leaves, from 10 to 20 parts of angelica root, from 15 to 20 parts of tenuifolia, from 20 to 40 parts of chrysanthemum, from 10 to 20 parts of antifeverile dichroa root and from 15 to 30 parts of ligusticum. Weight loss can be realized by incense, focus can be reached directly, and a curative effect can be obtained rapidly. The diet pill is simple in prescription, convenient in use, fast in cure effectiveness, long in action and free of toxic and side effects, is clinically tested by 304 patients, and has satisfactory effects, cure rate reaches 88.8%, and total effective rate reaches 100%.
In determining the groups; simple randomisation method will be used in order to form the sample in a way to ensure equal number and random distribution of the two groups. Randomisation will be done by using the website (https://www.randomizer.org). In line with the randomisation list; patients who meet the inclusion criteria will be included in the intervention and control groups. Inclusion in the intervention and control groups will be made by the researchers in line with the randomisation list. In order for the responsible researcher to apply breathing exercises; he/she has a breathing techniques coaching certificate. In the research; triple breathing technique (full yogic breathing) and square breathing technique will be used. Patients will be informed about the research and their written and verbal consent will be obtained. Data will be collected with the pre-test data collection form half an hour before the angiography procedure in patients in the intervention and control groups. Patients in the intervention group will be given breathing exercises, while patients in the control group will not be subjected to any intervention. The breathing exercise will be performed as a single session and will last approximately 15-20 minutes. After the angioplasty procedure, data will be collected from the intervention and control groups with post-test data collection forms.
The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and the resulting respiratory tract infection (Coronavirus Disease 2019 or COVID-19) is a pandemic with over 3 million cases globally and resulting in \>230,000 deaths at the time of this writing. From initial reports in Wuhan, China, viral progression resulted in over 80,000 cases in January/February 2020 in China. The following global spread has involved more than 210 countries. Unfortunately, the United States has been significantly affected, with over 1 million confirmed cases and over 60,000 deaths, the highest in the world. As this global pandemic continues to rage, cardiovascular, especially arrhythmic manifestations associated with COVID-19 have become evident. A recent report from Wuhan, China, noted that 16.7% of hospitalized and 44.4% of ICU patients with COVID-19 had arrhythmias. Although arrhythmias appear to be common in COVID-19 patients, arrhythmia mechanisms and characteristics, predisposing factors, incidence of sudden cardiac death and predictors, therapeutic strategies employed as well as long term outcomes are not well understood. Hence, we seek to develop a multicenter registry aimed to characterize arrhythmic manifestations, employed treatment strategies and long-term outcomes among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the US.
Question: Does treatment with 40mg atorvastatin over 12 months attenuate cognitive decline and neuroinflammatory biomarkers in adults with long COVID neurological symptoms? Aims: In 410 adults who report ongoing alteration of their memory, thinking, concentration or mood after COVID-19 diagnosis, this pragmatic clinical trial aims to determine the effects of standard-dose atorvastatin on improving neurological outcomes with sensitive measures of cognitive function and brain MRI.

Outcome measures include; Primary - processing speed, assessed on the oral Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). Key Secondary - white matter free water measured on diffusion MRI brain imaging. Other - other components of cognitive function; other health assessments; other MRI markers of cerebral white matter integrity, iron load, cerebral perfusion, and glutathione for oxidative stress; cost-effectiveness compared to standard care. The study sites are established at centralised research clinics located at: The Brain and Mind Centre of the University of Sydney; Alfred Medical Centre linked to Monash University, a research clinic associated with Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile, and a research clinic associated with The Chinese University of Hong Kong. Additional sites may be set up as required.
Palpitations are a common symptom described by patients as a feeling of a racing or fluttering heart, a pounding chest, irregular or skipped heartbeats, or a pounding sensation in the neck. They are associated with a low mortality rate; however, recurrent palpitations have been shown to impair quality of life and increase health care use. Common triggers are cardiac disorders, endocrine and metabolic disorders, medication or illicit drug use, or psychosomatic disorders. A detailed history, physical examination, directed laboratory studies, and 12-lead electrocardiography are often sufficient to identify the etiology of palpitations. Additional testing may be indicated to include echocardiography, cardiac stress testing, electrocardiogram monitoring, or electrophysiologic studies to distinguish whether symptoms correlate with cardiac arrhythmia or structural or ischemic heart disease. Management of palpitations is based on the suspected etiology. In most cases of cardiac-induced palpitations, the treatment can include reassurance, education, trigger avoidance, or use of atrioventricular nodal blockers. Tachyarrhythmias may require cardiac ablation. Patients who have palpitations with no arrhythmia causality and no cardiac disease should be reassured; however, screening for psychosomatic disorders should be considered. Wearable smart devices with ambulatory electrocardiogram monitoring technologies are currently available to consumers; these tools have shown diagnostic accuracy for detection of arrhythmias, allowing patients to have greater participation in their health care. Am Fam Physician. 2024; 110(3):259-269.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) on the ocular surface of patients with dry eye disease (DED) and controls without ophthalmological pathologies.
METHODS: Patients with DED without previous treatment were studied and compared with healthy subjects. Ocular Surface Disease Index assessement and ocular surface cytology were performed in all patients. The immunohistochemical expression of VDR was evaluated using fully automated immunohistochemistry. The evaluation involved multiplying the percentage of nuclear-labeled cells (0-100) by their intensity (0-3), resulting in a score ranging from 0 to 300 (VDR H-score). Squamous metaplasia was morphologically evaluated using liquid-phase cytology with Papanicolaou/periodic acid-Schiff staining using Nelson's grade (scale 0-3, higher grade to higher metaplastic change).
RESULTS: Eighteen patients with DED without previous treatment and 10 healthy subjects were studied. Squamous metaplasia was observed in 74% of patients with DED, in contrast to 0% in the control group. In patients with DED, there was a lower expression of VDR than in the control group (VDR H-score: 11.2 ± 13.9 vs. 80.9 ± 56; P = 0.0001). Furthermore, an inverse correlation was observed between Nelson grade and VDR H-score ( P = 0.0001, rs = -0.71). No correlation was observed between Ocular Surface Disease Index and VDR H-score.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to evaluate the VDR in patients with DED. These patients presented with a lower expression of VDR than healthy subjects. No correlation was found with more severe symptoms. Patients with DED also had a higher frequency of squamous metaplasia.
Participants will be asked to use the UR Caregiver app daily (e.g., at least 15 minutes/day) for 8 weeks and complete and practice one module per week. On the eighth week, participants will be asked to review one of the past modules of their choice.
Group receives training on listening to musical pitch differences between sounds as the first component of a crossover trial. The intervention is the listening exercises. Exercises are completed daily as 30-minute sessions for 4 weeks. Hearing assessment outcomes of speech comprehension in background noise and of musical pitch sensitivity are conducted at baseline and at midpoint and endpoint.
FIELD: medicine, surgery. SUBSTANCE: one should introduce fragment of "Thrombocol" collagen sponge into distal channel of endoscope's biopsy channel in accordance to the shape and size of ulcer. It should be applied onto ulcer and kept for 3-5 min. Endoscopic control should be performed every 4-6 h. At the absence of "Thrombocol" in ulcer it is necessary to carry out repeated application. In case of hemorrhage, one should preliminarily stop it due to endoscopic injection of adrenalin. In case of callous ulcer, before sponge application ulcer's edges should be treated with biopsy foreceps. In case blood clot of more than 5 mm, one should carefully replace thrombus either with endoscope's end or biopsy foreceps in closed state. Endoscopic manipulations should be performed at the background of antisecretory therapy. EFFECT: decreased number of hemorrhagic relapses. 4 cl, 1 ex
Azacitidine by vein over about 60 minutes on Days 1-7 of each 28 day cycle. Lirilumab by vein over about 60 minutes on Day 7 of each 28 day cycle.
Cancers are typically fueled by sequential accumulation of driver mutations in a previously healthy cell. Some of these mutations, such as inactivation of the first copy of a tumor suppressor gene, can be neutral, and some, like those resulting in activation of oncogenes, may provide cells with a selective growth advantage. We study a multi-type branching process that starts with healthy tissue in homeostasis and models accumulation of neutral and advantageous mutations on the way to cancer. We provide results regarding the sizes of premalignant populations and the waiting times to the first cell with a particular combination of mutations, including the waiting time to malignancy. Finally, we apply our results to two specific biological settings: initiation of colorectal cancer and age incidence of chronic myeloid leukemia. Our model allows for any order of neutral and advantageous mutations and can be applied to other evolutionary settings.
PURPOSE: A pharmaceutical composition for relieving side effects of lipase inhibitor drug is provided to eliminate side effect such as fatty stool excretion. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for relieving side effect of lipase inhibitor contains pharmaceutically acceptable polyalkyleneoxide-based amphipathic polymer and water soluble thickener. The lipase inhibitor is orlistat or cetylrestat. The amphipathic polymer is polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, or poroxamer. The water soluble thickener is starch, dextran, xanthan gum, locust bean gum, Arabia gum, gellan gum, carrageenan, or agar. The pharmaceutical composition additionally contains vitamin, antifoaming agent, or enteric coating agent.
PROMISE is integrated into the TRANSFORM Capstone Center to promote the next generation of research on child maltreatment, translate research findings into clinical and preventive interventions, and disseminate research and best practice to varied stakeholders. Informed by developmental psychopathology, the research incorporates multiple levels of analysis within a lifespan framework. Increasing knowledge of optimal methods for delivering dual mother and child preventive intervention has crucial public health significance in preventing child maltreatment. PROMISE involves a randomized control trial to evaluate whether expanding a Community Health Worker (CHW) outreach model, by adding Child-Parent Psychotherapy (CPP), an intensive intervention that focuses on parent-infant relationships for families at risk for child maltreatment, increases efficacy for improved mother-child relationships, more sensitive parenting, healthier child development, and maltreatment prevention. The efficacy of CPP has been demonstrated with maltreated and other high-risk populations. Through the use of four intervention arms, the evaluation will assess whether more intensive intervention better protects against child maltreatment compared with CHW support alone, and will determine the optimal timing of these interventions (i.e., beginning prenatally or postnatally), the optimal duration of services (i.e., 6 vs. 12 months), mechanisms of effect (mediator analyses), and which intervention strategy works best for mothers with varying risk factors (moderator analyses). Pregnant women (N = 300) and their infants after birth will participate. Longitudinal assessments will occur during the third trimester of pregnancy, at infant's ages of 3 and 9 months, and a post-intervention follow-up at 15 months old. The measurements obtained at each timepoint constitute a rich multi-level perspective of maternal and child functioning over time in response to the interventions. Maternal parenting behaviors, representational models, cognitions, and physiological reactivity, and infants' health and development will be assessed longitudinally. CPP groups are hypothesized to improve sensitive and responsive parenting and secure attachment, relative to CHW home visitation alone, thereby reducing risks for child maltreatment. Improvements in maternal attachment representations, parenting cognitions, and stress reactivity are hypothesized to mediate treatment outcomes. Moderators, including maternal histories of trauma, psychopathology, and intimate partner violence, will advance determination of differential responsiveness to CHW and CPP (what works for whom and why?) and allow for tailored preventive strategies. Identification of timing, dosage, and intensity of service delivery, along with outcome mediators and moderators is innovative and will facilitate development of targeted prevention and intervention strategies that support parenting and decrease child maltreatment for this vulnerable population.
The invention refers to a kind of compound Herba Achilleae capsule oral medicine. It is medicine for curing virus hepatitis and liver disease. The capsule uses Herba Achilkilleae as main material, and matches with hypericum chinense, chicory. Herba Achilleae, hypericum shinense are extracted, concentrated, deposited and decompressed into extractum; then the drug dregs are blended with chicory, they are decocted, filtered. Concentrates the filtered liquid and combines with the extractum, sprays and dries them, sifts, dries, adds in French chalk, sifts and fills the capsule. The capsule pay a important role in curing virus hepatitis and liver disease and aids. The effect is prominent.
Concomitant administration of venlafaxine (50 mg every 8 hours for 5 days) and metoprolol (100 mg every 24 hours for 5 days) to 18 healthy male subjects in a pharmacokinetic interaction study for both drugs resulted in an increase of plasma concentrations of metoprolol by approximately 30 to 40% without altering the plasma concentrations of its active metabolite, α-hydroxymetoprolol. Metoprolol did not alter the pharmacokinetic profile of venlafaxine or its active metabolite, O-desmethylvenlafaxine.

Venlafaxine appeared to reduce the blood pressure lowering effect of metoprolol in this study. The clinical relevance of this finding for hypertensive patients is unknown. Caution should be exercised with coadministration of venlafaxine and metoprolol.

Venlafaxine treatment has been associated with dose-related increases in blood pressure in some patients. It is recommended that patients receiving venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release capsules have regular monitoring of blood pressure (see ). WARNINGS