anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This study will rigorously and systematically evaluate an integrated service delivery approach using a design that reduces many of the methodological limitations in earlier work. Study participants will include opioid abusers with a current psychiatric disorder. All study participants will receive comprehensive drug abuse treatment that includes adequate daily doses of methadone. Study participants will be randomly assigned to either an onsite and fully Integrated Substance Abuse and Psychiatric Care condition (ISAP-Integrated) or an offsite and non-integrated Parallel Substance Abuse and Psychiatric Care condition (PSAP-Parallel). Patients assigned to the ISAP condition will receive all of their ambulatory psychiatric care in the ATS treatment program; those assigned to the PSAP condition will be referred for matched "doses" of psychiatric care to the Community Psychiatry Program, which is located on the same campus as the ATS program. All drug abuse treatment services will be provided in the ATS program. Patients will be evaluated for 12 months on a range of outcome measures, including psychiatric medication and therapy adherence, drug abuse treatment adherence, changes in psychiatric symptoms, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), drug use, exposure to traumatic events, psychosocial functioning, and retention in both psychiatric and drug abuse treatment.
In some implementations, a device may obtain scan information associated with scanning a section of a body that includes an object within tissue of the section. The device may determine a region of the section that is likely to be represented by an artifact in an image obtained using a first scanning type of a medical image device. The device may determine a plurality of scan patterns for scanning the region using a second scanning type. The device may determine, for the plurality of scan patterns, individual scan scores associated with scanning the region. The device may select, based on the individual scan scores, an optimal scan pattern from the plurality of scan patterns. The device may transmit the optimal scan pattern to the medical imaging device to permit the medical imaging device to scan the section to obtain optimized image data associated with the region.
Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (SCII) ranks as the common complication after aortic surgery, usually leading to devastating post-operative paraplegia. Microglia over-activation and neuronal cell loss are key pathological features of SCII. Curcumin is involved in several I/R injuries. However, its underlying mechanism in SCII remains elusive. Here, curcumin attenuated oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced oxidative injury in PC12 neuronal cells by increasing cell viability, inhibiting cell apoptosis, lactate dehydrogenase, malondialdehyde levels, but elevating anti-oxidative superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels. Furthermore, curcumin restrained OGD/R-evoked microglia M1 activation by decreasing microglia M1 polarization marker IBA-1 and iNOS transcripts. Moreover, the increased inflammatory cytokine levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in microglia under OGD/R conditions were suppressed after curcumin treatment. Importantly, neuronal cells incubated with a conditioned medium from OGD/R-treated microglia exhibited lower cell viability and higher apoptotic ratio, which were overturned when microglia were treated with curcumin. Intriguingly, curcumin could inhibit the activation of the NF-κB pathway by Nrf2 enhancement in OGD/R-treated PC12 cells and microglia. Notably, targeting Nrf2 signaling reversed the protective efficacy of curcumin against OGD/R-evoked oxidative insult in neuronal, microglia M1 activation, inflammatory response, and microglial activation-evoked neuronal death. In vivo, curcumin improved histopathologic injury and neurologic motor function in SCII rats and attenuated oxidative stress, microglia activation and neuroinflammation in spinal cord tissues, and activation of the Nrf2/NF-κB pathway. Thus, curcumin may alleviate SCII by mitigating I/R-evoked oxidative injury in neuron and microglia activation-induced neuroinflammation and neuron death through Nrf2/NF-κB signaling, supporting a promising therapeutic agent for SCII.
INTRODUCTION AND METHODS: Prostate biopsy (PB) is an essential step in the diagnosis and active surveillance of prostate cancer (PCa). Transperineal PB (TP-PB) is now the recommended approach and is mostly conducted under local anesthesia. However, this procedure can potentially cause anxiety for patients, given the oncological context and the fear of peri-procedural pain and complications. The objective of this narrative review is to summarize the currently available tools for the management of peri-interventional anxiety during TP-PB, with a particular emphasis on the potential role of virtual reality (VR) in this setting.
RESULTS: In TP-PB, preoperative anxiety can lead to increased pain perception, longer procedure time, and decreased patient satisfaction. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches have been explored to reduce anxiety, such as premedication, deep sedation, education, relaxation techniques, hypnosis, and music therapy, albeit with mixed results. VR has recently emerged in the technological armamentarium for managing pain and anxiety, and the efficiency of this technology has been evaluated in various medical fields, including pediatrics, gastroenterology, urology, gynecology, and psychiatry.
CONCLUSION: Despite the paucity of available data, VR appears to be a safe and effective technique in reducing anxiety in many procedures, even in frail patients. No studies have evaluated the role of VR in TP-PB. Future research should thus explore the optimal way to implement VR technology and any potential benefits for TP-PB patients.
Obesity and related diseases pose a major health risk, yet current anti-obesity drugs inadequately addressing clinical needs. Here we show AA005, an annonaceous acetogenin mimic, resists obesity induced by high-fat diets and leptin mutations at non-toxic doses, with the alpha subunit of the mitochondrial trifunctional protein (HADHA) as a target identified through proteomics and in vitro validation. Pharmacokinetic analysis shows AA005 enriches in adipose tissue, prompting the creation of adipose-specific Hadha-deficient mice. These mice significantly mitigate diet-induced obesity, echoing AA005's anti-obesity effects. AA005 treatment and Hadha deletion in adipose tissues increase body temperature and energy expenditure in high-fat diet-fed mice. The beneficial impact of AA005 on obesity mitigation is ineffective without uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), essential for thermogenesis regulation. Our investigation shows the interaction between AA005 and HADHA in mitochondria, activating the UCP1-mediated thermogenic pathway. This substantiates AA005 as a promising compound for obesity treatment, targeting HADHA specifically.
Participants will receive standard services provided by the Ministry of Health, including powder micronutrients. Children receive 1 gram of powdered micronutrientes for 60 days between 6 and 12 months of age, and 60 daily packets per year from the time they are 1 year old until 5 years old.
Palliation of dysphagia in patients with bulbar palsy after ischemic stroke continues to be a challenge. This is a randomized controlled study, including dysphagic patients with bulbar palsy after ischemic stroke who were received in the department of rehabilitation medicine. All patients are randomly allocated to the observation group or the control group. Both groups are provided with comprehensive rehabilitation. Besides, the observation group additionally undergoes the stellate ganglion block. At admission and after 10-day treatment, video fluoroscopic swallowing study, and penetration-aspiration scale, Functional Oral Intake Scale, Flexible laryngoscope are used to assess swallowing function.
The current study examined the feasibility of e-cigarette switching and financial incentives contingent on combustible cigarette abstinence to promote combustible cigarette cessation among urban day shelter guests (N=60). A total of 60 adults who accessed the Homeless Alliance day shelter in Oklahoma City, OK were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups and followed weekly from 1 week prior to a scheduled EC switch date through 4 weeks post-switch date, with a final 8-week post-switch follow-up. The intervention groups were: 1) e-cigarette switching (EC) or 2) EC switching + small financial incentives for carbon monoxide (CO) verified combustible cigarette abstinence (FI + EC). The primary outcomes were self-reported combustible cigarette abstinence over the previous 7 days with carbon monoxide (CO)-verification at 4- and 8- weeks follow-up. Secondary outcomes included changes in CO from baseline, days of combustible cigarette smoking, and continued e-cigarette use. Other feasibility outcomes included study retention and perceptions of the intervention.
Prehabilitation generally refers to the act of an intervention prior to a known potentially debilitating event. Usually taking the form of physical therapy prior to surgery, prehabilitation programs have demonstrated success in colorectal, urological, and surgical oncology cases. Patients with a gynecologic oncology diagnosis face an arduous course. Their treatment generally involves a major surgery and is often followed by chemotherapy, radiation, or both.The patient population is generally older in life as the average age for an endometrial or ovarian cancer diagnosis is 63. These patients may already have a lower performance status at baseline deeming their treatment course exponentially more difficult to endure. Women with gynecologic cancer suffer significant mental duress often living in fear of the high rates of recurrence from some of these malignancies suggesting they may benefit from psychologic support and counseling through their treatment.

Given the proven success in other surgical disciplines, we believe that instituting prehabilitation programs should be standard of care. Patients will be randomized to a trimodal approach (physical therapy, nutritional counseling, cognitive behavioral therapy) versus a unimodal intervention (physical therapy) for a formal prehabilitation program. Our primary outcome will be functional return to baseline following surgery with secondary outcomes including items such as quality of life assessments, patient satisfaction, and compliance.
Traditionally, in trials for treatment of TB, a new drug is administered in combination with two or more other antituberculous agents of known effectiveness over a long period of time. In this setting, it is difficult to determine the effect of any single drug or dose level. Development of new agents for the treatment of TB may be accelerated by a methodology in which a new agent could be evaluated for activity by administering it as a single agent over a short time period. This study utilizes a method to measure the amount of bacteria present each day in the lungs.

An initial cohort of patients receive isoniazid (with pyridoxine) daily for 5 days. Sputum samples are collected daily for determination of the EBA (decline in colony-forming units/ml sputum). If the methodology is validated, additional patients are randomized to receive one of two doses of levofloxacin daily for 5 days, with determination of EBA. All patients are hospitalized for 2 days of baseline evaluation and 5 days of treatment.
This will be a single center, retrospective chart review of all pediatric patients who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplant between June 29, 2011 and December 31, 2019 at Westchester Medical Center (WMC). For this analysis, eligible patients will be identified through our transplantation database and clinical data collected through electronic medical record. This analysis will comprise of 100 pediatric allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients. CMV viremia will be defined as ≥2 CMV positive PCRs ≥500 copies and CMV disease will be defined as isolation of CMV in any body fluid or tissue specimen along with end-organ disease, as we have demonstrated.8 CMV viremia/disease will be evaluated through day +100 following allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Review of clinical records and collection of data with de-identified information will be performed. The study team will not access medical records (paper or electronic) directly. Medical records will be obtained through the Hospital's Health Information Management (HIM) department. HIM will query requested data / variables and provide a report / records of interest to Investigator.
OBJECTIVE: To extract texture features from vocal cord leukoplakia (VCL) images and establish a VCL risk stratification prediction model using machine learning (ML) techniques.
METHODS: A total of 462 patients with pathologically confirmed VCL were retrospectively collected and divided into low-risk and high-risk groups. We use a 5-fold cross validation method to ensure the generalization ability of the model built using the included dataset and avoid overfitting. Totally 504 texture features were extracted from each laryngoscope image. After feature selection, 10 ML classifiers were utilized to construct the model. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) was employed for feature analysis. To evaluate the model, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) were utilized. In addition, the model was transformed into an online application for public use and further tested in an independent dataset with 52 cases of VCL.
RESULTS: A total of 12 features were finally selected, random forest (RF) achieved the best model performance, the mean accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of the 5-fold cross validation were 92.2 ± 4.1%, 95.6 ± 4.0%, 85.8 ± 5.8%, and 90.7 ± 4.9%, respectively. The result is much higher than the clinicians (AUC between 63.1% and 75.2%). The SHAP algorithm ranks the importance of 12 texture features to the model. The test results of the additional independent datasets were 92.3%, 95.7%, 90.0%, and 93.3%, respectively.
CONCLUSION: The proposed VCL risk stratification prediction model, which has been developed into a public online prediction platform, may be applied in practical clinical work.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3 Laryngoscope, 134:4329-4337, 2024.
OBJECTIVE: Pain is a frequent adverse reaction during orthodontic treatment, which can significantly reduce treatment compliance and compromise the expected treatment effect. Physical interventions have been used to alleviate pain after orthodontic treatment, but their effectiveness is controversial. This study used a network meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of various physical interventions typically used in managing pain after orthodontic treatment, with a view to provide evidence-based recommendations for representative interventions for orthodontic pain relief during peak pain intensity.
METHODS: A systematic search of six electronic databases, from their respective inception dates, was conducted to identify relevant literature on the efficacy of various typical physical interventions for managing pain after orthodontic treatment. Literature screening was performed according to the Cochrane System Evaluator's Manual. Stata 16.0 was used to assess heterogeneity, inconsistency, publication bias, and sensitivity to generate an evidence network diagram and conduct a network meta-analysis.
RESULTS: In total, 771 articles were reviewed to collect literature on interventions, including low-level laser therapy (LLLT), vibration, acupuncture, and chewing. Of these, 28 studies using a visual analog scale (VAS) as an outcome indicator were included. The results showed that LLLT, vibration, acupuncture, and chewing effectively relieved the pain symptoms in patients after orthodontic treatment. At 24 h post-treatment, LLLT (surface under the cumulative ranking curve [SUCRA] = 80.8) and vibration (SUCRA = 71.1) were the most effective interventions. After 48 h of treatment, acupuncture (SUCRA = 89.6) showed a definite advantage as the best intervention.
CONCLUSION: LLLT, vibration, acupuncture, and chewing can alleviate pain associated with orthodontic treatment. Among these interventions, acupuncture was found to be the most effective at 48 h after orthodontic treatment. In addition, acupuncture demonstrated long-lasting and stable pain-relieving effects. However, further studies are needed to determine the most suitable equipment-specific parameters for acupuncture in relieving pain associated with orthodontic treatment.
Patients will be asked to walk 40 minutes a day, 5 days a week, for 4 weeks. Training will be given for the first session in the hospital to ensure that the patient's walking pace is between 12-13 RPE (The Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion) according to the Modified Borg scale.
This is a prospective cohort study of outpatient adults with chronic abdominal wall pain who receive abdominal wall injections with lidocaine at an academic medical center. Thirty patients will be enrolled. A baseline assessment will include a medical history review and survey administration (Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Psychological Inflexibility in Pain Scale, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-29, Recurrent Abdominal Pain Intensity and Disability scale). Subjects will undergo Quantitative Sensory Testing to measure their pain tolerance and thresholds. The primary outcome to be measured is the change in abdominal wall pain at 1 week, 4 weeks and 12 weeks following the abdominal wall injection, with improvement defined as a 50% reduction in baseline pain score measured using an 11-point numeric scale. Data analysis will consist of basic summary statistics to describe the mean, median, and standard deviation for demographic variables and clinical measures. A one-sample t-test or Wilcoxon test will be used to compare differences in continuous values between time points. Chi-square tests will be used to compare differences in categorical variables. An alpha of 0.05 will be used for all statistical tests. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression will be used to assess for factors associated with pain reduction.
The present application provides compositions having a keto-enol UV absorber, such as avobenzone, stabilized from forming iron complexes. The stabilization is provided by a chelating polymer derived from at least one monomer having lactam or carboxylic acid functionality. In one embodiment, the compositions are sunscreens that resist staining fabrics when washed in hard water. In another embodiment, the compositions also comprise one or more iron-containing adjuvants, such as colorants, dyes, and pigments. By stabilizing the UV absorber, cosmetics can be formulated that impart broad-spectrum UV- A protection to the user. Additional ingredients can be added to the formulation, like other UV absorbers (for even broader UV-A and UV-B protection), moisturizers, actives, conditioning agents, and rheology modifiers.
Preliminary studies conducted by the investigator's team indicate that 95.7% of previous participants (all alcohol consuming, ages 14-24), were below the threshold for red blood cell (RBC) folate status for women of childbearing potential. Understanding how the interaction of behaviors (alcohol use, nutrient supplementation, diet) contribute to sub-optimal folate status is critical to developing and expanding upon evidence-based FASD prevention programs. Notably, how nutrient supplementation might improve overall folate status in a group with poor folate status and other behaviors that confound the absorption of folate. Because the participants do not view themselves as being at risk for unwanted pregnancy, their motivation to take a supplement for a future pregnancy is very low. This team seeks to collect data on how folate supplementation might improve individually measured outcomes, like cognition and mood, so that interventions might be developed focusing on these individual outcomes.

After becoming aware of the study, prospective participants will undergo a screening questionnaire for inclusion/exclusion criteria. Once the participant meets the inclusion criteria, the study will be fully explained and written informed consent will be handed out. Participants will be randomized in a single-blind manner (participant) in a 1:1 ratio to the Methyl Folate supplement (1,000 mcg, once daily) or placebo (once daily).
Retinal Venous Occlusive disease is the second only to diabetic retinopathy as a major cause of blindness associated with retinal vascular disease. Macular edema is a major cause of vision loss in patients presenting with central and hemi vein occlusions. Until recently the standard of care for macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion was observation. Recent investigations of steroids for this condition has shown greater visual benefit but is associated with risks such as cataract formation and increased intraocular pressure. In the past laser photocoagulation has been used, but was found to offer no visual benefits over the natural history in the treatment of macular edema associated with CRVO.

Ranibizumab (rhuFab V2), an anti-VEGF agent, is a potent inhibitor of vascular permeability, with the potential to reduce retinal vascular leakage and diminish macular edema. In addition, as an anti-VEGF agent, it may also inhibit neovascularization of the iris, a frequent complication of ischemic central retinal vein occlusion. Ranibizumab use as an intravitreal agent does carry the risk of intraocular infection but probably carries very low risk of glaucoma or cataract formation, making it a potentially safer pharmacologic treatment for CRVO associated macular edema as compared to steroids.
This study aims to evaluate the relationship of geographical factors, including precipitation, slope, air pollution and elevation with adult obesity prevalence in Türkiye (TR) using a cross-regional study design. Ordinary least squares (OLS) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) were performed to evaluate the spatial variation in the relationship between all geographic factors and obesity prevalence. In the model, a positive relationship was found between obesity prevalence and slope, whereas a negative significant relationship was determined between obesity prevalence and elevation (p < 0.05). These results, revealing spatially varying associations, were very useful in refining the interpretations of the statistical results on adult obesity. This research suggests that geographical factors should be considered as one of the components of the obesogenic environment. In addition, it is recommended that national and international strategies to overcome obesity should be restructured by taking into account the geographical characteristics of the region.
Physicians should discuss with patients the contraindication of CIALIS with regular and/or intermittent use of organic nitrates. Patients should be counseled that concomitant use of CIALIS with nitrates could cause blood pressure to suddenly drop to an unsafe level, resulting in dizziness, syncope, or even heart attack or stroke.

Physicians should discuss with patients the appropriate action in the event that they experience anginal chest pain requiring nitroglycerin following intake of CIALIS. In such a patient, who has taken CIALIS, where nitrate administration is deemed medically necessary for a life-threatening situation, at least 48 hours should have elapsed after the last dose of CIALIS before nitrate administration is considered. In such circumstances, nitrates should still only be administered under close medical supervision with appropriate hemodynamic monitoring. Therefore, patients who experience anginal chest pain after taking CIALIS should seek immediate medical attention [see Contraindications (4.1) and Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].