anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The systemic exposure of calcitriol was assessed in subjects with chronic, plaque psoriasis. In the pivotal pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic study, calcitriol ointment 3 mcg/g, was applied twice daily for 21 days (for a total dose of 30 g/day) to 35% of the body surface area (psoriatic + surrounding healthy skin) of subjects with at least 25% of body surface area involvement. At Day 21, the geometric mean plasma concentration values of Cmax increased by approximately 36% over baseline and the geometric mean value of AUC(0 – 12 hr) increased by 44%. There was no correlation between the elevated calcitriol levels and the pharmacodynamic parameters of serum albumin adjusted calcium, serum phosphorus, urinary calcium and urinary phosphorus.

Specific Populations   
Pediatric Patients  
The systemic exposure of calcitriol was assessed in pediatric subjects ages 2 to 17 years with plaque psoriasis in two trials. In one trial, 25 subjects ages 12 to 17 applied calcitriol ointment 3 mcg/g twice a day for 8 weeks to a body surface area of 10% to 35%. The mean daily dose was 10.43 g/day. In the second trial, 17 subjects ages 2 to 12 applied calcitriol ointment 3 mcg/g twice a day for 14 days to a body surface area of 3% to 18%. The mean daily dose was 17.09 g/day. In both trials, the systemic concentrations of calcitriol post treatment were relatively flat and were generally comparable to the endogenous levels observed at baseline. The PK parameters could not be reliably estimated.  
  
There was no correlation between the elevated calcitriol levels and the pharmacodynamic parameters of serum albumin adjusted calcium, serum phosphorus, urinary calcium and urinary phosphorus.
Patients are stratified by risk status (favorable versus unfavorable) and then all patients receive the ABVD regimen (doxorubicin hydrochloride IV over 3-15 minutes, bleomycin sulfate IV over at least 10 minutes, vinblastine sulfate IV, and dacarbazine IV over 15-60 minutes) on days 1 and 15 of each treatment cycle. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo FDG-PET/CT or MRI and are identified as RER or SER. Patients then receive treatment as in arm B. Patients also undergo FDG-PET, PET, PET-CT, PET-MRI, CT, and/or MRI throughout the trial. Patients may also undergo blood sample collection on trial.
Dose: 1E12 vg (total dose) (n=3) of rAAVrh74.MCK.GALGT2 vs Placebo (Saline). All participants will receive rAAVrh74.MCK.GALGT2 in the right or the left EDB muscle and receive Saline in the opposite EDB muscles. The investigator will not know which side will receive rAAVrh74.MCK.GALGT2 vs Saline until after the trial is over. At the end of the trial the investigator will be unblinded.
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) CT attenuation of right coronary artery (RCA) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have prognostic value for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with coronary artery disease. However, the superior prognostic value between RCA PCAT CT attenuation and NAFLD remains unclear in patients with acute chest pain. This study is to evaluate the prognostic value of NAFLD for MACE, and further assess the incremental prognostic value of NAFLD over PCAT CT attenuation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2011 and December 2021, all consecutive emergency patients with acute chest pain referred for coronary CT angiography (CCTA) were retrospectively enrolled. MACE included unstable angina requiring hospitalization, coronary revascularization, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and all-cause death. Patients' baseline and CCTA characteristics, RCA PCAT CT attenuation, and the presence of NAFLD were used to evaluate risk factors of MACE using multivariable Cox regression analysis. The prognostic value of NAFLD compared to RCA PCAT CT attenuation was analyzed.
RESULTS: A total of 514 patients were enrolled (mean age, 58.36 ± 13.05 years; 310 men). During a median follow-up of 31 months, 60 patients (11.67%) experienced MACE. NAFLD (HR = 2.599, 95% CI: 1.207, 5.598, P = 0.015) and RCA PCAT CT attenuation (HR = 1.026, 95% CI: 1.001, 1.051, P = 0.038) were independent predictors of MACE. The global Chi-square analysis showed that NAFLD improved the risk of MACE more than that using clinical risk factors and CCTA metrics (59.51 vs 54.44, P = 0.024) or combined with RCA PCAT CT attenuation (63.75 vs 59.51, P = 0.040).
CONCLUSION: NAFLD and RCA PCAT CT attenuation were predictors of MACE. NAFLD had an incremental prognostic value beyond RCA PCAT CT attenuation for MACE in patients with acute chest pain. Adding CT-FFR into the risk prediction of patients with acute chest pain is worth considering.
Collagen type X α1 chain (COL10A1), a gene encoding the α‑1 chain of type X collagen, serves a key role in conferring tensile strength and structural integrity to tissues. Upregulation of COL10A1 expression has been observed in different malignancies, including lung, gastric and pancreatic cancer, and is associated with poor prognosis. The present review provides an updated synthesis of the evolving biological understanding of COL10A1, with a particular focus on its mechanisms of action and regulatory functions within the context of tumorigenesis. For example, it has been established that increased COL10A1 expression promotes cancer progression by activating multiple signaling pathways, including the TGF‑β1/Smad, MEK/ERK and focal adhesion kinase signaling pathways, thereby inducing proliferation, invasion and migration. Additionally, COL10A1 has been demonstrated to induce epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and reshapes the extracellular matrix within tumor tissues. Furthermore, on the basis of methyltransferase‑like 3‑mediated N6‑methyladenosine methylation, COL10A1 intricately regulates the epitranscriptomic machinery, thereby augmenting its oncogenic role. However, although COL10A1 serves a pivotal role in gene transcription and the orchestration of tumor growth, the question of whether COL10A1 would serve as a viable therapeutic target remains a subject of scientific hypothesis requiring rigorous examination. Variables such as distinct tumor microenvironments and treatment associations necessitate further experimental validation. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment and understanding of the functional and mechanistic roles of COL10A1 in cancer may pave the way for the development of innovative cancer treatment strategies.
Background: Chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP) is a prevalent and costly condition that encourages research into self-management strategies. Mobile health (mhealth) applications are promising interventions, but current evidence on their effectiveness is still conflicting. The aim is to investigate the (cost-)effectiveness of a supervised and personalized mhealth intervention, compared with conventional exercise therapy in individuals with CNLBP. Methods: A multicentre trial-based economic evaluation was designed to compare a mhealth intervention with conventional exercise. Participants will be recruited from two physical therapy rehabilitation clinics located within the participating centres. Adults aged between 18 and 59 years and with self-reported LBP \>12 weeks will be included. Following the collection of baseline data, participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups using a permuted block randomization: 1) mhealth; 2) Conventional exercise delivered through a booklet. Outcome assessments will be conducted following randomisation at five distinct time points, resulting in a total follow-up period of 12 months. The primary clinical outcome is disability (Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire), while secondary outcomes include pain (NRS), utility (EQ5D5L), fears and beliefs (FABQ), self-efficacy (PSEQ), and global perceived effect. A sample size of 146 participants was estimated (73 allocated to each group) in order to detect a 2-point between-groups difference on disability. A cost-effectiveness study will be conducted alongside the trial, comparing the two interventions in terms of costs and clinical outcomes. Discussion: While mhealth applications show promise as interventions for people with LBP, there is still a gap regarding the type of delivery and personalisation strategies. This study investigates whether the implementation of stratified and tailored care within a mobile application, based on patient-reported outcome measures and supervised by a physiotherapist, is (cost)effective.
Metronidazole is a synthetic antibacterial compound. Disposition of metronidazole in the body is similar for both oral and intravenous dosage forms, with an average elimination half-life in healthy humans of eight hours.

The major route of elimination of metronidazole and its metabolites is via the urine (60 to 80% of the dose), with fecal excretion accounting for 6 to 15% of the dose. The metabolites that appear in the urine result primarily from side-chain oxidation (1-[β-hydroxyethyl]-2-hydroxymethyl-5-nitroimidazole and 2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole-1-yl-acetic acid) and glucuronide conjugation, with unchanged metronidazole accounting for approximately 20% of the total. Renal clearance of metronidazole is approximately 10 mL/min/1.73 m2.

Metronidazole is the major component appearing in the plasma, with lesser quantities of the 2-hydroxymethyl metabolite also being present. Less than 20% of the circulating metronidazole is bound to plasma proteins. Both the parent compound and the metabolite possess in vitro bactericidal activity against most strains of anaerobic bacteria.

Metronidazole appears in cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and human milk in concentrations similar to those found in plasma. Bactericidal concentrations of metronidazole have also been detected in pus from hepatic abscesses.

Plasma concentrations of metronidazole are proportional to the administered dose. An eight-hour intravenous infusion of 100 to 4,000 mg of metronidazole in normal subjects showed a linear relationship between dose and peak plasma concentration.

In patients treated with metronidazole injection using a dosage regimen of 15 mg/kg loading dose followed six hours later by 7.5 mg/kg every six hours, peak steady-state plasma concentrations of metronidazole averaged 25 mcg/mL with trough (minimum) concentrations averaging 18 mcg/mL.

Decreased renal function does not alter the single-dose pharmacokinetics of metronidazole. However, plasma clearance of metronidazole is decreased in patients with decreased liver function.

In one study newborn infants appeared to demonstrate diminished capacity to eliminate metronidazole. The elimination half-life, measured during the first three days of life, was inversely related to gestational age. In infants whose gestational ages were between 28 and 40 weeks, the corresponding elimination half-lives ranged from 109 to 22.5 hours.
Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality, morbidity and disability in adults in developed countries. Survivors may suffer several neurological deficits or deficiencies, such as hemiparesis, communication disorders, cognitive deficits and visuospatial perception disorders. Hemiplegia is a par loss of hemi-body voluntary motricity following a brain injury, usually resulting in alterations of the locomotor system with persistent disorders of movement and posture. Hemiplegia significantly affects gait performance. Gait recovery is an important objective in the rehabilitation program for stroke patients.The currently available treatment techniques include classical techniques of gait rehabilitation, functional electrical stimulation, electromechanic devices, robotic devices and brain-computer interfaces, among others.The evidence suggest that the combination of different rehabilitation strategies is more effective than conventional rehabilitation techniques alone. Technology-based rehabilitation methods such as robotic devices need more research to demonstrate their effects on gait recovery.

The present study aimed to identify the changes in the gait characteristics of subjects with stroke after a treatment program with FES for the lower extremities through instrumental gait analysis.
PURPOSE:A skin pharmaceutical for external use, containing a lipid mixture extracted from cerebral tissues of mammals with an organic solvent, capable of retaining the moisture on the skin surface, and having improved water retaining property to give moisture always to the skin. CONSTITUTION:A skin pharmaceutical for external use containing 0.05-90wt%, preferably 0.05-20wt%, based on the skin pharmaceutical for exteranal use or a cosmetic, lipid mixture containing phospholipid, glycolipid, cholesterol, etc. extracted from cerebral tissues of mammals, as an essential component and a very small amount of a polysaccharide, protein or salt, etc. The resultant composition is applied to the skin, and liquid crystals are in the state of incorporated water when the ratio of the lipid mixture reaches 0.5-20wt%, particularly 1- 5wt%, based on the total amount of the residue as volatile materials evaporate. Thus, the composition becomes a composition having improved water setaining and clogging effect, exhibits useful effect on diseases, e.g. chaps or cracks, worsening due to drying of the skin and imparts moisture, smoothness, etc. to the skin.
Clinically significant liver injury has occurred in patients treated with fingolimod in the postmarketing setting. Signs of liver injury, including markedly elevated serum hepatic enzymes and elevated total bilirubin, have occurred as early as ten days after the first dose and have also been reported after prolonged use. Cases of acute liver failure requiring liver transplant have been reported.

In 2-year placebo-controlled clinical trials in adult patients, elevation of liver enzymes (ALT, AST and GGT) to 3-fold the upper limit of normal (ULN) or greater occurred in 14% of patients treated with fingolimod 0.5 mg capsules and 3% of patients on placebo. Elevations 5-fold the ULN or greater occurred in 4.5% of patients on fingolimod capsules and 1% of patients on placebo. The majority of elevations occurred within 6 to 9 months. In clinical trials, fingolimod capsules were discontinued if the elevation exceeded 5 times the ULN. Serum transaminase levels returned to normal within approximately 2 months after discontinuation of fingolimod capsules. Recurrence of liver transaminase elevations occurred with rechallenge in some patients.

Prior to starting treatment with TASCENSO ODT (within 6 months), obtain serum transaminases (ALT and AST) and total bilirubin levels. Obtain transaminase levels and total bilirubin levels periodically until two months after TASCENSO ODT discontinuation.

Patients should be monitored for signs and symptoms of any hepatic injury. Measure liver transaminase and bilirubin levels promptly in patients who report symptoms that may indicate liver injury, including new or worsening fatigue, anorexia, right upper abdominal discomfort, dark urine, or jaundice. In this clinical context, if the patient is found to have an alanine aminotransferase (ALT) greater than three times the reference range with serum total bilirubin greater than two times the reference range, treatment with TASCENSO ODT treatment should be interrupted. Treatment should not be resumed if a plausible alternative etiology for the signs and symptoms cannot be established, because these patients are at risk for severe drug-induced liver injury.

Because fingolimod exposure is doubled in patients with severe hepatic impairment, these patients should be closely monitored during treatment with TASCENSO ODT, as the risk of adverse reactions is greater [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
PCT No. PCT/SE95/00962 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 5, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 5, 1997 PCT Filed Aug. 24, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/05840 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 29, 1996Method and means for delivery of drugs to the optic nerve head and the region surrounding it which comprises contacting the surface of the eye with an effective amount of a drug for treatment of said nerve head and a physiologically acceptable prostaglandin or prostaglandin derivative for enhancing delivery of the drug to the nerve head, in an opththalmologically acceptable carrier.
S100 proteins are small proteins that are only expressed in vertebrates. They are widely expressed in many different cell types and are involved in the regulation of calcium homeostasis, glucose metabolism, cell proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation and tumorigenesis. As members of the S100 protein subfamily of myeloid-related proteins, S100A8, S100A9 and S100A12 play a crucial role in resisting microbial infection and maintaining immune homeostasis. These proteins chelate the necessary metal nutrients of pathogens invading the host by means of 'nutritional immunity' and directly inhibit the growth of pathogens in the host. They interact with receptors on the cell surface to initiate inflammatory signal transduction, induce cytokine expression and participate in the inflammatory response and immune regulation. Furthermore, the increased content of these proteins during the pathological process makes them useful as disease markers for screening and detecting related diseases. This article summarizes the structure and function of the proteins S100A8, S100A9 and S100A12 and lays the foundation for further understanding their roles in infection, immunity and inflammation, as well as their potential applications in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.
In addition to the conventional treatment program, The Maitland application will be administered in the anterior-posterior, posterior-anterior, and caudal directions. The Maitland application will be delivered at grades 2-3. Patients in this group will receive the application in five sets of 30 seconds, twice a week.
PURPOSE: To obtain new 17β-acyl-3-carboxy-androsta-3,5-dienes useful to treat acne, seborrhea, female hirsutism and benign prostatic hypertrophy as testosterone 5α-reductase inhibitors.  
     CONSTITUTION: The 17β-acyl-3-carboxy-androsta-3,5-dienes are compds. of formula I [where R is 1-6C chain alkyl, 6-12C aryl, etc.; (m) is 1-4; and (n) is 1-3], their salts or esters, e.g. 17β-benzoyl-androsta-3,5-diene-carboxylic acid. The compds. are obtd. by treating steroid acid of formula II with trifuloromethylsulfonic anhydride and a treat. amine in methylene chloride, allowing the resultant products to react with 2,2-dithiopyridyl and triphenylphosphine, allowing the resultant compds. of formula III to react with a Grignard reagent of the formula RMgX (where X is Cl or Br) in THF, carbonylating the resultant compds. of formula IV with CO in the presence of palladium acetate, triphenylphosphine and a tert. org. amine and treating the resultant products with KOH in an alcoholic solvent. 
     COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled protein useful for the remedy of wound and diseases such as myocardial infraction, etc., by culturing human diploid fibroblast cell in a serum-free medium and purifying the product by the purification process including affinity chromatographic treatment. CONSTITUTION:A human diploid fibroblast cell (e.g. diploid fibroblast cell originated from lung of human fetus) is cultured in a serum-free medium and the supernatant liquid of the culture product is purified by a purification process including affinity chromatography to obtain the hemangioendothelial cell proliferation factor protein having the following properties. Molecular weight, 26,000-30,000; isoelectric point, 5-5.7; containing sugar chain. The hemangioendothelial cell proliferation factor protein is useful as an agent for promoting the cure of scald, wound, post-operation tissue, etc., and a remedy for cardiovascular disorder. It is administrered as it is in the form of powder or by mixing with other carrier, etc., by oral or parenteral administration. The inhibitor of said protein is useful as a remedy for e.g. tumor, retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.
The growing burden of psychological stress among diabetes patients has contributed to a rising incidence of depression within this population. It is of significant importance to conduct research on the impact of stress on diabetes patients and to explore potential pharmacological interventions to counteract the stress-induced exacerbation of their condition. Gastrodin is a low molecular weight bioactive compound extracted from the rhizome of Gastrodiae elata Blume, and it may be a preventive strategy for diabetes and a novel treatment for depression symptoms. However, its relevant pharmacological mechanisms for protecting against the impacts of psychological stress in diabetic patients are unclear. In this study, we performed 5 weeks CUMS intervention and simultaneously administered gastrodin (140 mg/kg, once daily) on T2DM mice, to investigate the potential protective effects of gastrodin. The protective effect of gastrodin was evaluated by behavioral tests, biochemical analysis, histopathological examination, RT-qPCR and gut microbiota analysis. We found that the depressive-like behavior and glucolipid metabolism could be deteriorated by chronic stress in type 2 diabetic mice, while gastrodin showed a protective effect against these exacerbations by regulating HPA hormones, activating FXR and Cyp7a1, reducing inflammatory and oxidative stress responses, and regulating ileal gut microbiota abundance. Gastrodin might be a potential therapeutic agent for mitigating the deterioration of diabetes conditions due to chronic stress.
The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) is a regional organisation, consisting of six Arab countries that share common objectives and cultural identities, with a total population of 57.3 million. The prevalence of patients requiring dialysis in GCC countries is increasing, with a current mean prevalence of 551 per million population. Despite the several patient-level and healthcare system benefits of peritoneal dialysis (PD) compared to in-centre haemodialysis, the growth in PD utilisation has been limited. This is related to several factors, including deficiencies in modality education for chronic kidney disease patients, nephrology training and governmental policies advocating for this dialysis modality. Establishing a detailed PD registry in GCC countries is an important step towards understanding our patients' characteristics, outcomes, current PD practices and challenges in order to increase the use of PD and to facilitate future initiatives aimed at optimising the management of PD patients in this part of the world. This article reviews common challenges around PD practices and utilisation in GCC countries and provides possible solutions to overcome these challenges. It should be noted that the literature on PD patients, outcomes and treatment practices in GCC countries is limited, and as a result, many of our recommendations and discussion are based on clinical observations, experience and data when available.
FIELD: medicine, veterinary science. ^ SUBSTANCE: group of inventions concerns veterinary. A method for improving stool quality in animals consists in regulating the balance of metabolised cations and metabolised anions consumed by an animal in good supply for improving stool quality. A method of changing stool frequency in the animal includes regulating the balance of metabolised cations and metabolised anions consumed by the animal in good supply for changing stool frequency. The composition for changing stool quality and/or frequency in animals contains at least one component chosen from the group including metabolised cations, and at least one component chosen from the group including metabolised anions where the balance of metabolised cations and metabolised anions is regulated by an amount changing stool quality and/or frequency in animals. ^ EFFECT: group of inventions allows maintaining normal functioning of intestines in animals. ^ 22 cl, 1 tbl, 1 ex
Internal jugular vein access preferably right, assisted by ultrasound and radioscopy. Catheter: districath®, 8.5 French.