anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Tissue stiffening is a predominant feature of fibrotic disorders, but the response of macrophages to changes in tissue stiffness and cellular context in fibrotic diseases remains unclear. Here, we found that the mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 was up-regulated in hepatic fibrosis. Macrophages lacking Piezo1 showed sustained inflammation and impaired spontaneous resolution of early liver fibrosis. Further analysis revealed an impairment of clearance of apoptotic cells by macrophages in the fibrotic liver. Macrophages showed enhanced efferocytosis when cultured on rigid substrates but not soft ones, suggesting stiffness-dependent efferocytosis of macrophages required Piezo1 activation. Besides, Piezo1 was involved in the efficient acidification of the engulfed cargo in the phagolysosomes and affected the subsequent expression of anti-inflammation genes after efferocytosis. Pharmacological activation of Piezo1 increased the efferocytosis capacity of macrophages and accelerated the resolution of inflammation and fibrosis. Our study supports the antifibrotic role of Piezo1-mediated mechanical sensation in liver fibrosis, suggesting that targeting PIEZO1 to enhance macrophage efferocytosis could induce fibrosis regression.
Preterm infants with respiratory distress who are \<37 weeks of gestational age and will be admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital will be included in this prospective study. Blood for neonatal and maternal vitamin D levels will be obtained from all infants and their mothers at the time of hospital admission. The infants will be evaluated for RDS and surfactant requirement. If they have RDS and need of mechanical ventilation, they will be intubated and given surfactant, if necessary. The maternal and neonatal demographics of infants will be recorded. Infants will also be followed up in terms of other morbidities including patent ductus arteriosus, necrotizing enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity, and especially BPD. Then infants will be divided into three groups according to maternal/neonatal vitamin D levels (mild, moderate and severe vitamin D deficiency) and group comparisons will be performed Plasmas after separated and stored at -80 C. Levels of 25-OHD will be determined using Shimadzu LC-20AT model High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) system. Data will be analyzed using SPSS software and appropriate statistical analyses will be performed.
Provided is a medicine for preventing and treating renal dysfunction. That is, there is provided a medicine for preventing and treating renal dysfunction comprising, as active ingredients, a 1,2,4-triazole compound, a pharmaceutically acceptable hydrate or solvate thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, represented by general formula (1) [In the formula, R 2  is an unsubstituted pyridyl group or a substituted pyridyl group having a cyano group, a lower alkyl group, a halogen, etc. as a substituent group. R 1  is an unsubstituted or substituted pyridyl group, etc. which may have a halogen, a cyano group, etc. as a substituent group. R 3  is a hydrogen, etc. and is bonded to a nitrogen of a 1,2,4-triazole ring represented by the general formula (1).].
BACKGROUND: Obesity has been demonstrated as a risk factor that seriously affects health. Insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), as a major component of dietary fiber, has positive effects on obesity, inflammation and diabetes.
RESULTS: In this study, complex IDF was prepared using 50% enoki mushroom IDF, 40% carrot IDF, and 10% oat IDF. The effects and potential mechanism of complex IDF on obesity were investigated in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet. The results showed that feeding diets containing 5% complex IDF for 8 weeks significantly reduced mouse body weight, epididymal lipid index, and ectopic fat deposition, and improved mouse liver lipotoxicity (reduced serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase), fatty liver, and short-chain fatty acid composition. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and analysis of fecal metabolomics showed that the intervention with complex IDF reversed the high-fat-diet-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota, which is associated with obesity and intestinal inflammation, and affected metabolic pathways, such as primary bile acid biosynthesis, related to fat digestion and absorption.
CONCLUSION: Composite IDF intervention can effectively inhibit high-fat-diet-induced obesity and related symptoms and affect the gut microbiota and related metabolic pathways in obesity. Complex IDF has potential value in the prevention of obesity and metabolic syndrome. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Numerous genes including sarcospan (SSPN) have been designated as obesity-susceptibility genes by human genome-wide association studies. Variants in the SSPN locus have been linked with sex-dependent obesity-associated traits; however, this association has not been investigated in vivo. To delineate the role SSPN plays in regulating metabolism with potential to impact cardiac function, we subjected young and aged global SSPN-deficient (SSPN-/-) male and female mice to obesogenic conditions (60% fat diet). We hypothesized that loss of SSPN combined with metabolic stress would increase susceptibility of mice to cardiometabolic disease. Baseline and end-point assessments of several anthropometric parameters were performed including weight, glucose tolerance, and fat distribution of mice fed control (CD) and high-fat (HFD) diet. Doppler echocardiography was used to monitor cardiac function. White adipose and cardiac tissues were assessed for inflammation by histological, gene expression, and cytokine analysis. Overall, SSPN deficiency protected both sexes and ages from diet-induced obesity, with a greater effect in females. SSPN-/- HFD mice gained less weight than wild-type (WT) cohorts, while SSPN-/- CD groups increased weight. Furthermore, aged SSPN-/- mice developed glucose intolerance regardless of diet. Echocardiography showed preserved systolic function for all groups; however, aged SSPN-/- males exhibited significant increases in left ventricular mass (CD) and signs of diastolic dysfunction (HFD). Cytokine analysis revealed significantly increased IL-1α and IL-17Α in white adipose tissue from young SSPN-/- male mice, which may be protective from diet-induced obesity. Overall, these studies suggest that several sex-dependent mechanisms influence the role SSPN plays in metabolic responses that become evident with age.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Young and aged sarcospan (SSPN)-deficient mice were examined to assess the role of SSPN in obesity and cardiometabolic disease. Both sexes displayed a "leaner" phenotype in response to high-fat diet (HFD). Notably, several sex differences were identified in aged SSPN-deficient mice: 1) females developed glucose intolerance (control and HFD) and 2) males exhibited increased left ventricular mass (control) and diastolic dysfunction (HFD). Therefore, we conclude that SSPN exerts a sex-dependent influence on obesity-associated diseases.
Teens Achieving Mastery over Stress (TEAMS) is an 8-session group depression prevention program teaching teens how to deal with stress and negative moods, and ways to manage low mood based on cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) principles and strategies. Efficacy has been demonstrated by several trials over time.
Subjects will receive 100 micrograms of spinal morphine, at the time of spinal needle insertion (standard care at BCW). At the end of the case, one of two investigators, using ultrasound, will visualize the transversus abdominis plane. A capped needle will be pushed against the skin to mimic the pressure sensation of the TAP block. The needle will not break the skin and nothing will be injected in this control group. The procedure will then be repeated on the other side. A dressing will be applied on each side to blind the subject and researcher to which group she is in.
Participants with T2DM received MK-5160 16 nmol/kg, and placebo to glargine daily for 12 days. Dextrose was administered as needed to maintain blood sugar.
BACKGROUND: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a serious public health issue in many countries. Online postal self-sampling (OPSS) is increasingly used to test for STIs, a trend accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. There remains limited understanding of how service users experience OPSS and what leads them to access it over clinic-based services, or vice versa. This research seeks to address these gaps, by undertaking a large qualitative study which sits within the ASSIST study, a mixed-methods, realist evaluation of OPSS.
METHODS: Participants were recruited via clinic-based and online sexual health services in three case study areas in England. Purposive sampling was used to over-represent populations disproportionately affected by poor sexual health: young people; people of colour; men who have sex with men; and trans and non-binary people. Semi-structured interviews were analysed using Levesque's conceptual framework of access to healthcare.
RESULTS: We interviewed 100 service users. Participants typically became aware of OPSS from sexual health services, the internet or word of mouth. Acceptability of OPSS was facilitated by the perceived privacy it offered over clinic-based services, which some participants found embarrassing to access. OPSS also enabled participants to overcome barriers to reaching clinic-based services, such as a lack of appointment availability, although difficulty obtaining OPSS kits in some areas undermined this. As all services in our case study areas were free to use, affordability did not significantly shape access, although OPSS enabled some participants to avoid costs associated with travelling to clinic-based services. Participants were usually able to engage with OPSS, finding it easy to use and reliable, although blood self-sampling was challenging for most. Participants valued the support offered by clinic-based services beyond STI testing, including the opportunity to access contraception or ask staff questions, and felt this was more appropriate when they had specific concerns about their sexual health, such as STI symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings constitute one of the largest qualitative studies to have explored OPSS and offer valuable insights to providers. OPSS shapes access to STI testing in a number of ways, including facilitating access in many circumstances, but users also want to retain access to clinic-based services, particularly for when they believe they need support beyond STI testing.
Participants who are assigned to group treatment will attend group meetings weekly for the first 6 months, then every 2 weeks for 6 months, and then monthly for the final 6 months. Participants will be weighed individually at the start of each group meeting.
This 8 week, open-label pilot clinical trial will examine the safety and tolerability of disulfiram at 250 mg/day in up to fifteen methamphetamine dependent individuals. After undergoing screening procedures (approximately one week), eligible subjects will enter the study proper attend clinic every weekday during week 1 of the trial in order to receive the disulfiram under observation and complete assessments. Then subjects will receive weekly blister packs of medication and attend clinic thrice weekly during weeks 2-6. During weeks 7-8, subjects no longer take disulfiram, are followed for two weeks, then referred to treatment elsewhere, if desired. Urine samples will be obtained and a disulfiram side-effects checklist will be completed thrice-weekly. Self-reported drug use, craving and mood ratings will be completed weekly. All subjects undergo cognitive behavioral therapy. Adjunctive contingency management procedures will be utilized to enhance retention. The primary outcomes of interest include retention, side-effects, and drug use. Results of this study will provide initial safety and drug use data for grant applications proposing to examine the clinical efficacy of disulfiram or similar agents to for treating methamphetamine dependence under placebo-controlled, double-blind conditions.
Dexmedetomidine, an alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonist, has been found to exerts an excellent influences on the filed of perineural block. It could shorten the onset time and prolong the duration of the nerve block and improved postoperative pain. However, Dexmedetomidine-induced bradycardia or hypotension has recently attracted considerable attention because of potentially grave consequences, including sinus arrest and refractory cardiogenic shock. Although meta-analysis showed that perineural dexmedetomidine as a local anaesthetic adjuvant for neuraxial and peripheral nerve blocks produced reversible bradycardia in only 7% of brachial plexus block patients and no effect on the incidence of hypotension, various clinical studies reported a significant decrease in heart rate. A low dose may help minimize cardiovascular risks associated with dexmedetomidine. However, few studies have addressed the clinical effects of low-dose dexmedetomidine as an perineural adjuvant. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that low-dose dexmedetomidine, which till today has not been reported in the literature, added to ropivacaine for brachial plexus block would safely enhance the duration of analgesia without adverse effects when compared with ropivacaine alone. Investigators will conduct a single-center, prospective, randomized, triple-blind, controlled trial in patients undergoing elective forearm and hand surgery under ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block using either 20 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine or 0.5% ropivacaine plus 30 microg dexmedetomidine. The primary outcome is self-reported duration of analgesia . Secondary outcomes include onset time and duration of motor and sensory block, total postoperative analgesics, and safety assessment (adverse effects including cardiovascular inhibitions and postoperative abnormal sensation). Data will be collected and analyzed in a blinded fashion.
INTRODUCTION: It is suggested that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) may play an important role in cervical cancer development. Most studies found a higher rate of EBV in cervical cancer samples in comparison to premalignant and normal groups. In this regard, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of EBV in cervical samples.
METHODS: In total, 364 samples from 179 healthy subjects, 124 women with premalignant lesions, and 61 patients with cervical cancer were investigated using nested-PCR.
RESULTS: The mean age ± SE was 54.1 ± 13.4 in women with cervical cancer, 36.1 ± 9.4 among women with premalignant lesions, and 36.6 ± 11.5 in healthy individuals. In total, 290 out of 364 samples were human papillomavirus (HPV) positive and the following HPV genotypes were detected among them: HPV 16/18 was found in 43.1%, 23.9%, and 65.5% of normal, premalignant, and malignant samples, respectively, and other high-risk types were detected in 56.9% of normal, 76.1% of premalignant, and 34.5% of malignant samples. The prevalence of EBV was found to be 9.8%, 2.4%, and 2.8% in cervical cancer, premalignant lesions, and normal specimens, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.028). The overall frequency of coinfection between EBV and HPV was shown to be 3.6%. The coinfection was more prevalent among HPV 16/18-infected samples than other high-risk HPVs (6.6 vs. 2.9%) although the difference was not reached a statistically significant difference (p = 0.23).
CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that EBV could play an important role as a cofactor in the progression of cervical cancer. However, future studies with larger sample sizes and the expression analysis of EBV transcripts or proteins are mandatory.
Those assigned to receive open-label antidepressant treatment will begin with 10 mg of escitalopram. If the participant cannot tolerate or has an adverse reaction to escitalopram, duloxetine will be offered instead.
An 11-month-old boy with nonscarring alopecia was referred for ophthalmic evaluation because of photophobia from the age of 4 months. Whole-exome sequencing identified a heterozygous mutation in the SREBF1 gene, confirming the diagnosis of hereditary mucoepithelial dysplasia. Ocular examination revealed meibomian gland dysfunction and superficial corneal vascularization and opacity. Impression cytology of the sclerocorneal limbus revealed atypical epithelial cells. The patient received treatment for meibomian gland dysfunction, dry eye, and ocular surface inflammation. With appropriate management and close follow-up over 7 years, corneal opacity improved greatly.
Double-stranded cDNA was synthesized from nucleic acid extracted from Norwalk virus purified from stool specimens of volunteers. Single-stranded RNA probes derived from the DNA clone after subcloning into an in vitro transcription vector were also used to show that the Norwalk virus contains an ssRNA genome of about 8 kb in size. The availability of a Norwalk-specific cDNA and the genome sequence information allow rapid cloning of the entire genome and establishment of sensitive diagnostic assays. Such assays can be based on detection of Norwalk and Norwalk-related virus nucleic acids or Norwalk and Norwalk-related viral antigens using probes or primers and polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies to proteins expressed from the cDNA or to synthetic peptides made based on the knowledge of the genome sequence. Assays using proteins deduced from the Norwalk virus genome and produced in expression systems can measure antibody responses. Vaccines for Norwalk and related viruses are made from an expressed Norwalk virus protein.
BACKGROUND: To compare Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) trajectories over time between Multiple Sclerosis (MS) groups with pediatric (POMS), adult (AOMS) and late (LOMS) onset, and between patients with and without progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA).
METHODS: Patients with a first visit within 1 year from onset, ≥ 5-year follow-up and ≥ 1 visit every 6 months were selected from the Italian MS Register. Adjusted disability trajectories were assessed by longitudinal models for repeated measures. Comparisons between groups and between patients with and without PIRA in subgroups were performed by evaluating the yearly differences of mean EDSS score changes versus baseline (delta-EDSS). A first CDA event was defined as a 6-months confirmed disability increase from study baseline, measured by EDSS (increase ≥ 1.5 points with baseline EDSS = 0; ≥ 1.0 with baseline EDSS score ≤ 5.0 and ≥ 0.5 point with baseline EDSS > 5.5). PIRA was defined as a CDA event occurring more than 90 days after and more than 30 days before the onset of a relapse.
RESULTS: 3777 MS patients (268 POMS, 3282 AOMS, 227 LOMS) were included. The slope of disability trajectories significantly diverged in AOMS vs POMS starting from the second year of follow-up (Year 2: delta2-EDSS 0.18 (0.05; 0.31), p = 0.0054) and then mean delta2-EDSS gradually increased up to 0.23 (0.07; 0.39, p = 0.004) at year 5. Patients with PIRA had significant (p < 0.0001) steeper increase in EDSS scores than those without PIRA in all groups, although in POMS, the disability trajectories began to diverge later and at a lesser extent with delta-EDSS score of 0.48 vs 0.83 in AOMS and 1.57 in LOMS, at 3 years after the first PIRA.
CONCLUSIONS: Age is relevant in determining disability progression in MS. POMS shows a less steep increase in EDSS scores over time than older patients. The effect of PIRA in accelerating EDSS progression is less pronounced in POMS than in AOMS and LOMS.
Patients receive 3 different doses of peptide pulsed DC vaccine subcutaneously/intradermally to sites with no evidence of disease. At the lowest dose, patients receive 3 different peptide pulsed pools, each administered at a separate site. At the higher doses, patients receive 3 injections further subdivided into 6 and administered at 6 distinct sites.
PURPOSE:To obtain a hair tonic showing excellent effects on alopecia, comprising ONRIYAKU, KAIHYOYAKU, RIKETSUYAKU, HOEKIYAKU AND SEINETSUYAKU as active ingreadients. CONSTITUTION:A hair tonic comprising ONRIYAKU (Cordyceps sinensis) irritating poil root part, KAIHYOYAKU (Notopterygium incisum) removing disease of cold, RIKETSUYAKU (e.g. BOKOSO, a chinese galenical herb) removing retention of blood flow and not stopping blood flow, HOEKIYAKU (e.g. KOSANSO, a chinese galenical herb) hematopoietic and SEINETSUYAKU (e.g. Sophora flavescens aiton) removing poison as active ingredients. The hair tonic is further mixed with purified water, perfume, bees wax, vaseline, liquid paraffin, germicide, well-known medicinal components, vitamins, etc., to give the objective component. The substance is applicable as a hair tonic or hair or hair cream. The substance improves blood circulation of bald head and thin hair part, nourishes, grows hair and prevents falling-out of hair.
INTRODUCTION: Identification of acute funisitis, a sign of foetal inflammatory response (FIR), is crucial as their presence is associated with ominous neonatal outcomes. Recommendation on which part of umbilical cord should be sampled to facilitate optimal identification of acute funisitis is limited.
METHODS: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study over a seven-month duration recruiting all patients with clinical suspicion of chorioamnionitis and/or maternal intrapartum pyrexia. The distribution and the degree of cord inflammation were assessed. The cases were also evaluated for maternal inflammatory response (MIR) and chorionic vasculitis (CV).
RESULTS: Of the 191 placentas, 88 (46.1%) had some degree of cord inflammation. Forty-nine (55.7%) had a differential in cord inflammation, with distal cord section (n = 38) demonstrating significant greater inflammation than that of proximal cord section (n = 11) (p<0.001). There were 20 cases with phlebitis only and 8 cases demonstrated arteritis only in either proximal or distal cord sections. Increasing magnitude of cord inflammation was significantly associated with increasing severity of MIR and the rate of CV (p<0.001). CV was observed in 25 (24.3%) cases showing absence of cord inflammation, while 12 (13.6%) cases with cord FIR demonstrated no CV.
DISCUSSION: Inflammatory reaction can occur variably throughout the length of the umbilical cord and chorionic plate vessels, with greater inflammation seen in the distal cord section. We affirm the current Amsterdam recommendation of submitting at least two cross sections of the cord representing proximal and distal sites and two sections from placental parenchyma to facilitate the identification of FIR.
The participants will be exposed to white LED light at a illuminance of 30 lux at eye level for 45 minutes. The colored light exposure will be preceded by sitting 8 minutes in darkness and followed by sitting 20 minutes in darkness. The participants will perform cognitive tests (verbal fluency task, arithmetic task, word repetition task) during the colored light exposure and hyperventilation and hypoventilation tasks .