anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Background and Objectives: The prevalence of NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) is increasing, and up to 64% of Asian patients with NAFLD are obese. Non-invasive tests (NITs) for the assessment of liver fibrosis are increasingly being used, but data on their performance in obese Asian patients are lacking. In this pilot cross-sectional study, we aim to compare the distribution of serum and radiological markers of fibrosis between obese Asian biopsy-proven NAFLD patients with and without fibrosis and estimate the diagnostic accuracies of these indices. Materials and Methods: Obese Asian patients with NAFLD and who had undergone a liver biopsy showing histological evidence of NAFLD were invited to participate. Liver fibrosis was assessed using laboratory (APRI, AAR, BARD, FIB4, NFS, and Asia-Pacific NAFLD advanced fibrosis score) and imaging modalities (TE: transient elastography, MRE: magnetic resonance elastography, and SWU: shear wave ultrasonography). Results: A total of 16 patients were included in the final analysis. On liver biopsy, nine patients (56.3%) had significant fibrosis (F2 or higher), and six of these patients had advanced fibrosis (F3 or higher). F4 fibrosis was present in one patient (6.3%). For the laboratory markers, we found that the BARD score correctly identified five out of six patients with advanced fibrosis (83.4%, p value 0.045). Among all the NITs studied, liver stiffness measured by TE had the highest accuracy of 87.5% in its established threshold of 8.5 kPa for the detection of advanced fibrosis. MRE also performed well (81.2% in 3.64 kPa). Conclusions: In conclusion, TE has performed well in the detection of advanced fibrosis in obese Asian patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD in our pilot study. Further large-scale definitive studies are needed to validate the results of our findings.
Tobacco use disorder (TUD) remains the leading cause of preventable death in the world. Costs of smoking related illness in the United States totals more than $300 billion each year. The majority of adult cigarette smokers want to quit and more than half make an attempt but fewer than 1 in 10 smokers successfully quit at the end of 1 year. Rates of cigarette smoking are higher and cessation rates are lower in the veteran population in the United States compared to the nonveteran population. Noninvasive neuromodulation holds promise as a therapeutic approach to TUD as evidenced by the recent food and drug administration (FDA) clearance of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as such a treatment. One additional, emerging potential therapeutic is using low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) to inhibit cortical and deep brain regions. The enormous potential of LIFU stems from the ability to focus ultrasound through the intact skull to a millimeter-sized focal spot size anywhere in the brain. This makes it a powerful alternative to both invasive neurosurgical procedures and other noninvasive brain stimulation techniques such as TMS that have limited spatial resolution and can only reach superficial areas of the brain. One promising target to treat TUD is the dorsal anterior insular cortex (dAI), a brain structure whose function is linked to the desire to smoke. The dAI is a part of the salience network (SN) that is involved in assigning significance and emotional value to stimuli and is consistently activated with exposure to smoking cues and craving. Remarkably, humans with damage to the insula were able to stop smoking easily and without experiencing cravings or relapse. As such, the insula is a promising target for reducing craving and use in individuals with TUD. Unfortunately, the dAI is small and lies deep within the lateral sulcus covered by the overlying opercula of the temporal lobe and is not accessible with conventional noninvasive neuromodulatory techniques. LIFU can selectively target the dAI and provides a potentially transformative method to reduce nicotine craving and addiction. The overall purpose of this proposal is to inhibit the dAI with LIFU to determine the causal role for the dAI in smoking cue induced craving which is a clinically important behavior which has been associated with the severity of nicotine addiction.
BACKGRUOUND: Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is suspected to correlate with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) development. While some HT cases exhibit histologic features of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease, the relationship of HT with PTC progression remains unestablished.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 426 adult patients with PTC (≥1 cm) undergoing thyroidectomy at an academic thyroid center. HT was identified based on its typical histologic features. IgG4 and IgG immunohistochemistry were performed. Wholeslide images of immunostained slides were digitalized. Positive plasma cells per 2 mm2 were counted using QuPath and a pre-trained deep learning model. The primary outcome was tumor structural recurrence post-surgery.
RESULTS: Among the 426 PTC patients, 79 were diagnosed with HT. With a 40% IgG4 positive/IgG plasma cell ratio as the threshold for diagnosing IgG4-related disease, a cutoff value of >150 IgG4 positive plasma cells per 2 mm2 was established. According to this criterion, 53% (43/79) of HT patients were classified as IgG4-related. The IgG4-related HT subgroup presented a more advanced cancer stage than the IgG4-non-related HT group (P=0.038). The median observation period was 109 months (range, 6 to 142). Initial assessment revealed 43 recurrence cases. Recurrence-free survival periods showed significant (P=0.023) differences, with patients with IgG4 non-related HT showing the longest period, followed by patients without HT and those with IgG4-related HT.
CONCLUSION: This study effectively stratified recurrence risk in PTC patients based on HT status and IgG4-related subtypes. These findings may contribute to better-informed treatment decisions and patient care strategies.
The Stress and Symptom Management Program 2 (SMP2) introduces and reinforces stress and symptom management skills. The program consists of 8 weekly sessions (90 minutes each), delivered through live videoconferencing.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: The U.S. Army fell 25% short of its recruitment goal in 2022 and therefore, increasing the eligibility pool for potential recruits is of interest. Raising the body mass index (BMI) standards for eligibility presents a path to increase the recruitable population; however, there may be additional costs incurred due to attendant health risks that may be present in individuals with higher BMI.
METHODS: We filtered the 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey by age (17-25 years) and BMI (up to 30 kg/m2). A k-means cluster analysis was performed on the filtered dataset for the variables used to determine metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome Clusters were characterized through summary statistics and compared over clinical measurements and questionnaire responses.
RESULTS: Five distinct clusters were identified and mean BMI in two clusters (Clusters1 and 3) exceeded the current U.S. Army BMI thresholds. Of these two clusters, Cluster 1 members had metabolic syndrome. Cluster 3 members were at higher risk for metabolic syndrome compared to members of Clusters 2, 4, and 5. Mean waist circumference was slightly lower in Cluster 3 compared to Cluster 1. None of the clusters had significant differences in depression scores, poverty index, or frequency of dental visits.
CONCLUSIONS: Potential recruits from Cluster 1 have excessive health risk and may incur substantial cost to the U.S. Army if enlisted. However, potential recruits from Cluster 3 appear to add little risk and offer an opportunity to increase the pool for recruiting.
PURPOSE: A composition for preventing and treating respiratory diseases is provided to loosen phlegm and to ensure anti-histamine activation. CONSTITUTION: A composition for treating cough or expectorant contains Phellodendri cortex, Siegesbeckiae Herba, or Forsythiae Fructus as an active ingredient. The herb extract is isolated using water or straight or branched alcohol of 1-6 carbon atoms. The weight ratio of Phellodendri cortex and Siegesbeckiae Herba is 10 : 1-1 : 1. A composition for preventing or treating respiratory diseases contains the composition. The composition is used in the form of powder, granule, tablet, capsule, suspension, emulsion, aerosol, suppository, or sterilization injection solution.
Adverse reactions may often be attributed to injection pressure or excessive volume of the medium resulting in overdistention of the ducts and producing local pain. 

Some of the medium may enter the pancreatic duct which may result in pancreatic irritation. Occasionally, nausea, vomiting, fever, and tachycardia have been observed. Pancholangitis resulting in liver abscess or septicemia has been reported. 

In percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, some discomfort is common, but severe pain is unusual. Complications of the procedure are often serious and have been reported in 4 to 6 percent of patients. These reactions have included bile leakage and biliary peritonitis, gall bladder perforation, internal bleeding (sometimes massive), blood-bile fistula resulting in septicemia involving gram-negative organisms, and tension pneumothorax from inadvertent puncture of the diaphragm or lung. Bile leakage is more likely to occur in patients with obstructions that cause unrelieved high biliary pressure.
Devices, systems, and methods for delivering delta radiation using prompt neutron capture gamma radiation are disclosed herein. In one aspect, a device for delivering delta radiation can include a neutron generator, an electron emitter, and an irradiation target. The neutron generator may be configured to generate a neutron flux field. The an irradiation target can include an irradiation target material having a high thermal neutron cross section and can be configured to emit gamma radiation in response to exposure to the neutron flux field. The electron emitter can be configured to emit delta radiation in response to exposure to the gamma radiation. In some aspects, the irradiation target and the electron emitter can be configured to be positioned between the neutron generator and a surface of an object to deliver the delta radiation to a target region within the object. The target region within the object can be cancerous tissue of a patient.
In clinical settings with no commonly accepted standard-of-care, multiple treatment regimens are potentially useful, but some treatments may not be appropriate for some patients. A personalized randomized controlled trial (PRACTical) design has been proposed for this setting. For a network of treatments, each patient is randomized only among treatments which are appropriate for them. The aim is to produce treatment rankings that can inform clinical decisions about treatment choices for individual patients. Here we propose methods for determining sample size in a PRACTical design, since standard power-based methods are not applicable. We derive a sample size by evaluating information gained from trials of varying sizes. For a binary outcome, we quantify how many adverse outcomes would be prevented by choosing the top-ranked treatment for each patient based on trial results rather than choosing a random treatment from the appropriate personalized randomization list. In simulations, we evaluate three performance measures: mean reduction in adverse outcomes using sample information, proportion of simulated patients for whom the top-ranked treatment performed as well or almost as well as the best appropriate treatment, and proportion of simulated trials in which the top-ranked treatment performed better than a randomly chosen treatment. We apply the methods to a trial evaluating eight different combination antibiotic regimens for neonatal sepsis (NeoSep1), in which a PRACTical design addresses varying patterns of antibiotic choice based on disease characteristics and resistance. Our proposed approach produces results that are more relevant to complex decision making by clinicians and policy makers.
Dyslexia and pain have recently been shown to correlate on a genetic level, but there has been little exploration of this association on the phenotypic level despite reports of increased pain in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, which commonly co-occurs with dyslexia. In this study we test for an association between reading ability, which is the primary feature of dyslexia, and pain both in childhood and adulthood. Logistic regression modeling was used to test associations between reading ability in childhood and pain from childhood to midlife in a large UK birth cohort; the 1958 National Child Development Study. Associations were found between poor childhood reading ability and increased headache and abdominal pain in childhood, and between poor childhood reading ability and headache, eye pain, back pain, and rheumatism in adulthood. Mediation analyses indicated that socioeconomic status (defined by employment) fully mediated the association between poor reading ability in childhood and back pain at age 42. By contrast, the association between reading ability and eye pain acted independently of socioeconomic status. Different mechanisms were thus indicated for the association of reading with different pain types, including manual labor and a potential shared biological pathway. PERSPECTIVE: This study found a relationship between poor reading ability in childhood and pain in childhood and adulthood. Those with reading difficulties should be monitored for pain symptoms. Future research may uncover shared biological mechanisms, increasing our understanding of pain and potential treatments.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) in customizing care for elderly cancer patients, specifically focusing on colorectal cancer. The research compared treatment strategies and outcomes in older adults considered for surgery before and after the initiation of a Geriatric Oncology Service (GOS).
METHODS: Conducting a comparative study, two cohorts of consecutive colorectal cancer patients aged 75 or older were examined: the control group (n = 156) and the GOS group (n = 158). Upon the treating surgeon's GOS consultation request, a geriatrician and an oncologist performed CGA, guiding treatment decisions and perioperative interventions. Postoperative complications were compared using propensity score matching (PSM).
RESULTS: In the GOS group, 91% (n = 116) underwent CGA consultations, influencing decisions to forego surgery in 12 patients. After PSM for surgical cases (controls n = 146, GOS n = 146), each group comprised 128 patients. Perioperative physical therapy and pharmacist referrals were more frequent in the GOS group. The GOS group exhibited a significantly lower incidence of postoperative complications (22%) compared to the control group (33%) (p = 0.0496).
CONCLUSION: Patients undergoing colorectal surgery post-GOS implementation experienced a notable reduction in postoperative complications, highlighting the positive impact of personalized geriatric assessment on surgical outcomes in the elderly.
Intervention group will receive culturally-tailored portion-control Mediterranean-like advice through monthly individual counseling for 6 months, reinforced with daily text messages for 12 months, and a monthly household supply of legumes (i.e., beans and peanuts), vegetable oils (i.e., olive oil + a blend of canola and soybean), and locally sourced assorted fruit and vegetables for 18 months. From months 18 to 24, we will monitor maintenance of behavior (no food or counseling) with support from the nutritionist available.
Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown aetiology, affecting the skin and mucous membranes, characterised by a CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell infiltrate, associated with epithelial cell death and disruption of the basement membrane zone. Several triggers have been proposed for LP, including viral antigens. In previous work, T cell antigen receptor (TCR) repertoire studies were performed, i.e. investigating the diversity of TCRs expressed on the surface of an individual's lymphocyte population. In all patients tested, whether with erosive or non-erosive LP, unique nucleotide sequences, called clonotypes, have been identified. They appear during the process of TCR gene rearrangement. These clonotypes are specific for human papillomavirus (HPV) in blood and lesions, suggesting antigenic stimulation of these clonotypes by a viral epitope of HPV, which crosses with an epitope on keratinocytes. The diagnosis of LP is made on the basis of clinical and histological criteria, but in some patients and in some anatomical locations, the diagnosis is difficult to make and LP may be confused with other skin conditions.
Daily oral administration of matching placebo with a 12-week exercise training program consisting of 3 days per week of aerobic exercise training. The dose of matching placebo will begin as one tablet for the first week and will increase by one tablet/day/week until reaching 4 tablets by week 4. Supervised aerobic exercise 3 days per week followed by a carbohydrate drink along with daily oral administration of matching placebo.
One aspect of the present invention relates to a microsphere, comprising a hydrophilic polymer comprising a plurality of pendant anionic groups; a transition-metal, lanthanide or group 13-14 metal oxide, polyoxometalate or metal hydroxide or combination thereof; and a first radioisotope that emits a therapeutic β-particle. In certain embodiments, the microsphere further comprsies a second radioisotope that emits a diagnostic Ϝ-ray; wherein the atomic number of the first radioisotope is not the same as the atomic number of the second radioisotope. In certain embodiments, the microsphere is composed of polymer impregnated with zirconia bound to 32P as the source of the therapeutic β-emissions and 67Ga as the source of the diagnostic Ϝ-emissions. Another aspect of the present invention relates to the preparation of a microsphere impregnated with a radioisotope that emits therapeutic β-particles and a radioisotope that emits diagnostic β-emitting radioisotope and a Ϝ-emitting radioistope; wherein the atomic number of the first radioisotope is not the same as the atomic number of the second radioisotope. In certain embodiments, said microspheres are administered to the patient through a catheter. In another embodiment, the microsphere is combined with the radioisotopes at the site of treatment.
All patients referred for the evaluation of indeterminate strictures or removal of difficult stones will be eligible for enrollment in the consortium. The PI or study coordinator will meet with the patient and discuss the study, its objectives, and obligations with each patient. After full disclosure, informed consent will be obtained.

Upon consent, basic demographics and data from prior procedures (when available) will be recorded. An endoscopist proficient in ERCP, with expertise in cholangioscopy, will perform the procedures using the Spyglass DS system with its associated components including biopsy forceps (SpyBiteTM) and other accessories as necessary. Procedure time, visual findings, number of biopsies taken, pathology, stone location, stone size, and method of stone clearance and adverse events will be recorded on data collection forms and transferred into a centralized password protected database. All patients will be followed for 6-12 months or surgery (stricture cohort) to assess accuracy or stone recurrence rates.
Sportsman's hernia is defined as a weakness or disruption of the posterior wall of the inguinal canal. Open hernia repair with or without mesh or laparoscopic techniques with mesh have been advocated in the treatment of sportsman's hernia and associated athletic pubalgia. The results of the operative treatment from single centers are reported to be good to excellent in between 70 - 90% of patients with the most promising results reported using an open minimal repair (OMR) technique. There are no randomized trials comparing open versus laparoscopic techniques regarding time for recovery and relief of pain. The aim of this randomized study is to compare the effectiveness of OMR technique in local or spinal anesthesia to endoscopic Total ExtraPeritoneal (TEP) technique in general anesthesia for the treatment of Sportsman´s hernia/athletic pubalgia. The primary endpoint is patient being free from intractable groin pain during sports activity or daily work four weeks after surgery.
Vitamin D status in postmenopausal women is of interest because of the association of low vitamin D status with increased risk of osteoporosis and related fractures. In addition, since there is increasing evidence that the dietary supply is often insufficient to offset the seasonal deficit in sunlight during winter months, fortified food and supplements are becoming important sources of dietary vitamin D intake to achieve optimal vitamin D status, especially in this high risk population. Although most studies have examined the effectiveness of vitamin D enriched milk and yogurt, there have been limited studies also exploring the effectiveness of vitamin D enriched cheese in enhancing vitamin D status and preventing vitamin D deficiency. However, fortification of cheese with vitamin D has certain technological considerations, particularly for reduced-fat varieties considering that vitamin D is a fat soluble nutrient.

The primary aim of the current study was to investigate whether the consumption of vitamin D3 enriched, reduced-fat yellow cheese can counterbalance the expected decrease in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration during winter in postmenopausal women in Greece, and in what degree it can contribute as a potential food-based strategy for the prevention of vitamin D deficiency. A secondary aim was also to investigate any potential effect of the intervention in several quality of life (QoL) indices in the population of postmenopausal women under study. .
Consecutive adult patients who were referred for acute abdominal surgery in the time interval 7 AM to 11 PM. Holter monitoring was applied on top of standard observation in either a surgical ward (utilizing the National Early Warning Score) or the intensive care unit with continuous respiratory and circulatory monitoring.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE     Complex  hybrid  proteins  comprising  the  light chains  and the variable regions and certain constant domains  of  the  heavy  chains  of  immunoglobulins  and another homo- or heterodimeric protein,  a method for preparing  them,  as  well  as  their  applications  as diagnostic agent, as agent intended for therapeutic use or as reagent which can be used in medical imaging.        The     hybrid protein of the type comprising an immunoglobulin fragment fused with another protein P, consists of a complex hybrid sequence comprising:          ? a basic unit U consisting of:       ? two different peptide chains SU1 and SU2, SU1 comprising the variable and constant regions of a light immunoglobulin chain and SU2 comprising at least the variable  regions  and  the  CH1  domain  of  a  heavy immunoglobulin chain, the      peptide chains SU1 and SU2 are  bound  to  each  other  by means  of  at  least  one disulphide bridge and ? at least one functional fragment of one of the two subunits of a dimeric protein P, fused via its N-terminal end to one of the peptide chains SU1 or SU2, ? which basic unit U is associated with another basic unit U', which is identical or different from the unit U, by means of the protein P subunits or a fragment thereof.