anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a dominant hereditary multiorgan disease that causes both benign cutaneous neurofibromas and malignant tumors. Timely detection of malignant transformation in NF1 tumors is of great clinical importance. Also methods to easily monitor individual's overall tumor burden would be useful. Blood plasma is collected from NF1 patients and age- and gender-matched controls. The samples are stored at -80 C until analysis. Free circulating plasma DNA is extracted and quantified using commercial reagents. Also a previously described chemical detection method to observe overall changes in plasma composition is utilized. The analysis results are compared between NF1 patients and healthy controls, and also correlated with NF1 tumor burden and diagnosis of malignancy during five-year follow-up.
This treatment arm consists of 2 different concentrations of CSF-1. Subjects randomized to the CSF-1 treatment arm will receive their first dose of CSF-1 in-office at Visit 2. All subjects will dose twice a day in both eyes with a single drop for approximately 1 week. At Visit 3, subjects randomized to the CSF-1 arm will now receive a different concentration of CSF-1. Subjects will continue dosing twice a day in both eyes for approximately 1 week.
The present disclosure relates to rescue and, verification. of a replication—deficient strain. of canine distemper virus (CDV). A system includes a transcription plasmid, one or more helper plasmids, and a Vero—SLAM—M cell line capable of stably expressing 5 a matrix (M) protein of SDl6F. The transcription plasmid, pCI—CDV— SDl6F, can express a full—length. cDNA. sequence of a genome of SDl6F, a CDV epidemic strain; a plasmid pCI—CDV—SDl6F—M subjected to site—directed mutation is a recombinant plasmid not expressing the M protein; the helper plasmids can express nucleoprotein (NP), lO phosphoprotein (P), and large polymerase protein (L) of the CDV epidemic strain, SDl6F. Through the foregoing reverse genetic manipulation system, recombinant replication—deficient CDV is successfully rescued. The replication—deficient strain of the CDV epidemic strain creates convenient conditions for developing a 15 novel genetically engineered biocontrol preparation for canine distemper and provides an excellent technology platform for the CDV—related basic research.
PURPOSE: A composition containing one or more among a grape extract, an Eriobotrya japonica extract, and an assai extract for preventing and treating metabolic syndrome is provided to reduce blood glucose, and to prevent or treating metabolic syndrome such as obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance, hypertension, arteriosclerosis, and hyperlipidemia. CONSTITUTION: A composition for preventing or treating metabolic syndrome contains one or more extracts selected from the group consisting of a grape extract, an Eriobotrya japonica extract, and an assai extract, as an active ingredient. The composition contains one or more selected from the group consisting of a grape pericarp extract, an Eriobotrya japonica leaf extract, and an assai puree extract, as an active ingredient. The extract is prepared by hot water extraction at 50-90 deg. C for 1-5 hours. The metabolic syndrome is selected from the group consisting of obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance, hypertension, artheriosclerosis, and hyperlipidemia.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the maximally tolerated dose (MTD) of intratumoral administration of an Edmonston strain measles virus genetically engineered to express human thyroidal sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) (oncolytic measles virus encoding thyroidal sodium iodide symporter \[MV-NIS\]) in patients with recurrent/metastatic squamous cell head and neck cancer. II. To determine the safety and toxicity of intratumoral administration of MV-NIS in patients with recurrent/metastatic squamous cell head and neck cancer and metastatic breast cancer. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To assess in a preliminary fashion antitumor efficacy of this approach by following, radiographic response, and time to progression. TERTIARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the time course of viral gene expression and virus elimination and biodistribution of virally infected cells at various time points after infection with MV-NIS using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) imaging. II. To assess viremia, viral replication, and measles virus shedding/persistence following intratumoral administration. III. To determine humoral and cellular immune response to the injected virus. OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study. Patients receive oncolytic measles virus encoding thyroidal sodium iodide symporter intratumorally (IT) on day 1. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 6 weeks, every 3 months for 1 year, and then every 6 months for 1 year.
Targeting epigenetic mechanisms has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of kidney diseases. Specifically, inhibiting the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) domain proteins using the small molecule inhibitor JQ1 has shown promise in preclinical models of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, its clinical translation faces challenges due to issues with poor pharmacokinetics and side effects. Here, we developed engineered liposomes loaded with JQ1 with the aim of enhancing kidney drug delivery and reducing the required minimum effective dose by leveraging cargo protection. These liposomes efficiently encapsulated JQ1 in both the membrane and core, demonstrating superior therapeutic efficacy compared to freely delivered JQ1 in a mouse model of kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury. JQ1-loaded liposomes (JQ1-NPs) effectively targeted the kidneys and only one administration, one-hour after injury, was enough to decrease the immune cell (neutrophils and monocytes) infiltration to the kidney-an early and pivotal step to prevent damage progression. By inhibiting BRD4, JQ1-NPs suppress the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes, such as cytokines (il-6) and chemokines (ccl2, ccl5). This success not only improved early the kidney function, as evidenced by decreased serum levels of BUN and creatinine in JQ1-NPs-treated mice, along with reduced tissue expression of the damage marker, NGAL, but also halted the production of extracellular matrix proteins (Fsp-1, Fn-1, α-SMA and Col1a1) and the fibrosis development. In summary, this work presents a promising nanotherapeutic strategy for AKI treatment and its progression and provides new insights into renal drug delivery.
Insole design The foot insole is 5 mm thick under the flat part of the forefoot and the modification is done by changing the position of the metatarsal bar. This was another 5 mm above the flat part of the foot insole. The proximal/distal position of the metatarsal rod and the cavity distal to the rod (large cavity) were defined using the plantar pressure distribution. The position and shape of the distal end of the metatarsal bar were defined by a line in the area where the plantar pressure was 75% of the maximum plantar pressure. This line also defined the void's proximal border. The void's distal border was housed near the area of peak plantar pressures, where pressure was 10% of peak plantar pressure. The void measured 3 mm in depth. After completing the initial design of the metatarsal bars and void, two variations were created by relocating the metatarsal bar proximal and distal by 2-4% of the insole length depending on the position of the foot ulcer. Based on a previous pilot study, this proportion equates to a distance of 5-7 mm on a size 38 orthotic insole. The orthotic insoles were made of medium-density (Ethylene-vinyl acetate) EVA (50° Shore A) and were manufactured on a CNC machine.
Abuse potential was not evaluated in human studies. Rats were able to distinguish tizanidine from saline in a standard discrimination paradigm, after training, but failed to generalize the effects of morphine, cocaine, diazepam, or phenobarbital to tizanidine. Monkeys were shown to self-administer tizanidine in a dose-dependent manner, and abrupt cessation of tizanidine produced transient signs of withdrawal at doses > 35 times the maximum recommended human dose on a mg/m 2basis. These transient withdrawal signs (increased locomotion, body twitching, and aversive behavior toward the observer) were not reversed by naloxone administration.Tizanidine is closely related to clonidine, which is often abused in combination with narcotics and is known to cause symptoms of rebound upon abrupt withdrawal. Three cases of rebound symptoms on sudden withdrawal of tizanidine have been reported. The case reports suggest that these patients were also misusing narcotics. Withdrawal symptoms included hypertension, tachycardia, hypertonia, tremor, and anxiety. As with clonidine, withdrawal is expected to be more likely in cases where high doses are used, especially for prolonged periods. 

A review of the safety surveillance database revealed cases of intentional and accidental tizanidine overdose. Some of the cases resulted in fatality and many of the intentional overdoses were with multiple drugs including CNS depressants. The clinical manifestations of tizanidine overdose were consistent with its known pharmacology. In the majority of cases a decrease in sensorium was observed including lethargy, somnolence, confusion and coma. Depressed cardiac function are also observed including most often bradycardia and hypotension. Respiratory depression is another common feature of tizanidine overdose.Should overdose occur, basic steps to ensure the adequacy of an airway and the monitoring of cardiovascular and respiratory systems should be undertaken. In general, symptoms resolve within one to three days following discontinuation of tizanidine and administration of appropriate therapy. Due to the similar mechanism of action, symptoms and management of tizanidine overdose are similar to those following clonidine overdose. For the most recent information concerning the management of overdose, contact a poison control center.
AIMS: A mechanistic link between depression and risk of arrhythmias could be attributed to altered catecholamine metabolism in the heart. Monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A), a key enzyme involved in catecholamine metabolism and longstanding antidepressant target, is highly expressed in the myocardium. The present study aimed to elucidate the functional significance and underlying mechanisms of cardiac MAO-A in arrhythmogenesis.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Analysis of the TriNetX database revealed that depressed patients treated with MAO inhibitors had a lower risk of arrhythmias compared with those treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. This effect was phenocopied in mice with cardiomyocyte-specific MAO-A deficiency (cMAO-Adef), which showed a significant reduction in both incidence and duration of catecholamine stress-induced ventricular tachycardia compared with wild-type mice. Additionally, cMAO-Adef cardiomyocytes exhibited altered Ca2+ handling under catecholamine stimulation, with increased diastolic Ca2+ reuptake, reduced diastolic Ca2+ leak, and diminished systolic Ca2+ release. Mechanistically, cMAO-Adef hearts had reduced catecholamine levels under sympathetic stress, along with reduced levels of reactive oxygen species and protein carbonylation, leading to decreased oxidation of Type II PKA and CaMKII. These changes potentiated phospholamban (PLB) phosphorylation, thereby enhancing diastolic Ca2+ reuptake, while reducing ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) phosphorylation to decrease diastolic Ca2+ leak. Consequently, cMAO-Adef hearts exhibited lower diastolic Ca2+ levels and fewer arrhythmogenic Ca2+ waves during sympathetic overstimulation.
CONCLUSION: Cardiac MAO-A inhibition exerts an anti-arrhythmic effect by enhancing diastolic Ca2+ handling under catecholamine stress.
FIELD: pharmacology. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, veterinary science and agriculture. There is presented exogenous modulator of metabolic and energy interchange processes between a cell and environment representing a polypeptide metabolic process modulator of molecular weight 15 to 10 KDa made of human placenta by chemical modification of placental biobased products with reactions of chlorination, oxidation, hydrolysis, and containing covalently bound chlorine atoms with nitrogen atoms of peptide bond in amount 0.5 to 40% of weight of an end product. There is also offered method for making said modulator. ^ EFFECT: correction and regulation of metabolic processes to ensure maximum viability of human body, animals and plants. ^ 7 cl, 8 tbl, 10 ex
Patients undergo either 4, 5, or 10 fractions of SBRT, or 5-15 fractions of EBRT to any site of metastatic disease daily for any time between 4 days and 3 weeks as determined by the treating radiation oncologist. Patients with at least SD after the second imaging evaluation may undergo additional SBRT in 4 fractions or EBRT in 3 fractions.
Pediatric cancer is the leading cause of death in Taiwan for children aged 1-14. Despite advances in cancer diagnosis and treatment technology, pediatric cancer still requires highly professional and holistic health care. For healthcare professionals, it is a very challenging task. It can be assumed that for nursing students, the pressure of caring for children with cancer must be considerable. Additionally, pediatric care emphasizes family-centered care, meaning that during their clinical practices, nursing students not only need to learn skills related to caring for diseases but also understand the impact of cancer care on caregivers. This may lead to frustration or discouragement and potentially affecting their future careers in pediatric oncology wards Existing studies on nursing student clinical practice experiences in other wards have found that many nursing students have poor experiences due to insufficient technical skills, knowledge, and communication issues with both families and children. Therefore, utilizing qualitative research methods to understand nursing students' clinical practice experiences in pediatric oncology wards is crucial for identifying their learning needs and challenges. This study will involve in-depth interviews lasting for 30-60 minutes with nursing students who have completed their clinical practice in pediatric oncology wards, using semi-structured interview guides to elicit their experiences.
This application is directed to a method of microdosing by dissolving drug in water and permitting a human or animal to consume the drug during waking hours. Metering for an animal is the amount of water they drink, in the pattern as consumed. By setting drug concentration so that a target dose will be consumed in a typical amount of daily drinking water, the dose is spread out into a series of smaller doses over time. For a human, this can be metered more specifically and thoughtfully. A mechanism to make this convenient for humans is provided. A model of blood levels is described. The clinical benefits are greater than predicted from extrapolating from a daily dose to dosing twice a day to a projected 6-12 times a day with the microdosing method.
BACKGROUND: Recurrent intracranial aneurysms present a significant clinical challenge, demanding innovative and effective treatment approaches. The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device has emerged as a promising endovascular solution for managing these intricate cases. This study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of the WEB device in treating recurrent intracranial aneurysms.
METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science, from inception to June 5, 2023. Eligible studies focused on evaluating WEB device performance and included a minimum of five patients with recurrent intracranial aneurysms. The complete and adequate occlusion rates, neck remnant rates, and periprocedural complication rates were pooled using SATA V.17.
RESULTS: Our analysis included five studies collectively enrolling 73 participants. Participant ages ranged from 52.9 to 65 years, with 64.4% being female. Aneurysms were wide-necked and predominantly located in the middle cerebral artery, basilar artery, and anterior cerebral artery. Previous treatments encompassed coiling, clipping, and the use of WEB devices. Our study found an overall adequate occlusion rate of 0.80 (95% CI 0.71-0.89), a complete occlusion rate of 0.39 (95% CI 0.28-0.50), and a neck remnant rate of 0.38 (95% CI 0.27-0.48). Periprocedural complications were reported at a rate of 0%, although heterogeneity was observed in this data. Notably, evidence of publication bias was identified in the reporting of periprocedural complication rates.
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the WEB device is associated with favorable outcomes for treating recurrent wide-neck intracranial aneurysms.
Compared with supportive care alone, erlotinib has been associated with improved overall survival in patients with Refractory Solid Tumors; however, this absolute benefit is limited for the majority of patients. Incorporating other biologic agents into the second- or third-line treatment setting may prove to be a successful strategy in improving treatment efficacy (which has been recently demonstrated in several tumor types). Additionally, recent data suggest that smoking may influence the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of erlotinib by increasing the metabolic clearance. Data suggest that the geometric mean erlotinib AUC(0-inf) and C(24h) are significantly decreased in smokers compared with nonsmokers (Hamilton et al. 2006). For this reason, this trial will enroll separate cohorts of patients who are current smokers and patients who are nonsmokers. Nonsmokers are patients who have not consumed tobacco or nicotine-containing products for 1 year before the start of the study. Patients classified as current smokers must have smoked a minimum of 10 cigarettes per day for up to 1 year.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has demonstrated the importance of stewardship of viral diagnostic tests to aid infection prevention efforts in healthcare facilities. We highlight diagnostic stewardship lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic and discuss how diagnostic stewardship principles can inform management and mitigation of future emerging pathogens in acute-care settings. Diagnostic stewardship during the COVID-19 pandemic evolved as information regarding transmission (eg, routes, timing, and efficiency of transmission) became available. Diagnostic testing approaches varied depending on the availability of tests and when supplies and resources became available. Diagnostic stewardship lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic include the importance of prioritizing robust infection prevention mitigation controls above universal admission testing and considering preprocedure testing, contact tracing, and surveillance in the healthcare facility in certain scenarios. In the future, optimal diagnostic stewardship approaches should be tailored to specific pathogen virulence, transmissibility, and transmission routes, as well as disease severity, availability of effective treatments and vaccines, and timing of infectiousness relative to symptoms. This document is part of a series of papers developed by the Society of Healthcare Epidemiology of America on diagnostic stewardship in infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship.1.
1442993 Penicillin and cephalosporin R-sulphoxides GIST-BROCADES NV 17 July 1973 [18 July 1972 23 Oct 1972] 33596/72 and 48270/72 Heading C2C The invention is directed to R-sulphoxides of 6-substituted amino penicillanic acids and 7- substituted amino cephalosporanic acids and derivatives and esters and salts thereof, these R-sulphoxides being free from association with S-sulphoxides of such penicillin or cephalosporin compounds. These R-sulphoxides have the formula wherein X is hydrogen, hydroxyl, alkanoyloxy or a nucleophilic group and the group represents a usual penicillin or cephalosporin amide group The R-sulphoxides may be prepared by the oxidation of the corresponding penicillins and cephalosporins to convert the sulphur atom to a sulphoxide group by the generation of a singlet oxygen species, and separating the R-sulphoxide from the reaction mixture. This oxidation is preferably carried out by irradiating a mixture of a sensitizer and a cephalosporin starting material in an inert organic solvent, said irradiation being carried out with light at below ambient temperature, air or oxygen being continuously passed through the solvent The solvent may be methanol, the reaction temperature - 30‹ to - 10‹ C. and the sensitizer methylene blue, cosine, fluoresceine, rhodamine B or a mixture thereof. The invention further comprises compounds of the general formula wherein X is as defined above and Q 1 <SP>1</SP> and Q 2 1 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached comprise a protected amine group. These compounds may be prepared by the oxidation of the corresponding penicillin and cephalosporin materials with perbenzoic acid in an inert solvent under anhydrous conditions. The protected amine group may be replaced by a free amino group by hydrolysis, preferably under acid conditions. The R-sulphoxides may be incorporated with physiologically acceptable carriers or diluents to form antibacterial compositions.
Drugs such as thioguanine are potential mutagens and teratogens. Thioguanine may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Thioguanine has been shown to be teratogenic in rats when given in doses 5 times the human dose. When given to the rat on the 4th and 5th days of gestation, 13% of surviving placentas did not contain fetuses, and 19% of offspring were malformed or stunted. The malformations noted included generalized edema, cranial defects, and general skeletal hypoplasia, hydrocephalus, ventral hernia, situs inversus, and incomplete development of the limbs. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. If this drug is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking the drug, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus. Women of childbearing potential should be advised to avoid becoming pregnant.
Adult Malian males 18 years of age or older with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria who agree to participate and provide their informed consent will be randomized to receive treatment with either AQ-13 or Coartem. Intervention: Active Comparator: Coartem. Participants randomized to the Coartem arm will be treated with 80 mg artemether and 480 mg lumefantrine at the time of diagnosis and 8 hours later on day 1, the same doses (80 mg artemether and 480 mg lumefantrine) twice on day 2 (24 and 36 hours after diagnosis) and twice more on day 3 (48 and 60 hours after diagnosis) for total oral doses of 480 mg artemether and 2880 mg lumefantrine over 3 days.