anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Pulsed field ablation uses electrical fields to cause nonthermal cell death over several hours. Polarization-sensitive optical coherence reflectometry is an optical imaging technique that can detect changes in the tissue ultrastructure in real time, which occurs when muscular tissue is damaged. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of a polarization-sensitive optical coherence reflectometry system to predict the development of chronic lesions based on acute changes in tissue birefringence during pulsed field ablation.
METHODS: Superior vena cava isolation was performed in 30 swine using a biphasic, bipolar pulsed field ablation system delivered with a nonirrigated focal tip catheter. Acute changes in tissue birefringence and voltage abatement were analyzed for each individual lesion. A high-resolution electroanatomical map was performed at baseline and 4 to 12 weeks after ablation to locate electrical gaps in the ablated area.
RESULTS: A total of 141 lesions were delivered and included in the analysis. Acute electrical isolation based on the electroanatomical map was achieved in 96% of the animals, but chronic isolation was only seen in 14 animals (46%). The mean voltage abatement of lesions that showed recovery was 82.8%±14.6% versus 84.4%±17.4% for those that showed fibrosis (P=0.7). The mean acute reduction in tissue birefringence in points demonstrating fibrosis was 63.8%±11.3% versus 9.1%±0.1% in the points that resulted in electrical gaps. A threshold of acute reduction of birefringence of ≥20% could predict chronic lesion formation with a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 83%.
CONCLUSIONS: Acute tissue birefringence changes assessed with polarization-sensitive optical coherence reflectometry during pulsed field ablation can predict chronic lesion formation and guide the ablation procedure although limited by the tissue thickness.
Edema in adults (congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, or nephrotic syndrome). An initial daily dosage of 100 mg of spironolactone administered in either single or divided doses is recommended, but may range from 25 to 200 mg daily. When given as the sole agent for diuresis, spironolactone should be continued for at least five days at the initial dosage level, after which it may be adjusted to the optimal therapeutic or maintenance level administered in either single or divided daily doses. If, after five days, an adequate diuretic response to spironolactone has not occurred, a second diuretic that acts more proximally in the renal tubule may be added to the regimen. Because of the additive effect of spironolactone when administered concurrently with such diuretics, an enhanced diuresis usually begins on the first day of combined treatment; combined therapy is indicated when more rapid diuresis is desired. The dosage of spironolactone should remain unchanged when other diuretic therapy is added.
Methadone maintained subjects will be titrated on lofexidine up to the target therapeutic dose of 0.8 mg QID or to the highest level tolerated. Following this initial titration attempt, all subjects will have their methadone dose reduced by 50% and lofexidine titration efforts will resume. If the therapeutic dose is not reached under 50% methadone reduction conditions, the methadone dose will be further reduced to 0 mg for 2 days followed by reintroduction of 25% of the starting dose on the 3rd day, and on such 3rd day lofexidine titration will resume again.
An 8-week standardized group program to teach mindfulness skills. In MBSR, participants meet for 2.5 hours per week for 8 weeks in a group format. Participants receive instruction in mindfulness meditation according to a standardized curriculum and have the opportunity to ask questions.
A system includes a processor and memory providing instructions for execution by the processor. The instructions include, responsive to a request from a user device indicating a group type and a time frame, selecting a set of users based on the group type. The instructions include retrieving the user data and historical data from a database and identifying a set of new users during the time frame. The instructions include adding the set of new users to the set of users and generating synthetic historical data for the set of users. The instructions include, based on the synthetic historical data for each user, computing a likelihood of discontinuation of a drugs and computing a likelihood of initiation of a drug. The instructions include estimating, for the group type, an aggregated output based on the likelihoods of initiation and discontinuation. The instructions include displaying the aggregated output on the user device.
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is one of the most common nervous system diseases. Hypertension and neuroinflammation are considered important risk factors for the development of CSVD and white matter (WM) lesions. We used the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) as a model of early-onset CSVD and administered epimedium flavonoids (EF) for three months. The learning and memorization abilities were tested by new object recognition test. The pathological changes of WM were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Luxol fast blue and Black Gold staining. Oligodendrocytes (OLs) and myelin basic protein were detected by immunohistochemistry. The ultrastructure of the tight junctions was examined using TEM. Microglia and astrocytes were detected by immunofluorescence. RNA-seq was performed on the corpus callosum of rats. The results revealed that EF could significantly improve the learning and memory impairments in SHR, alleviate the injury and demyelination of WM nerve fibers, promote the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) into mature OLs, inhibit the activation of microglia and astrocytes, inhibit the expression of p38 MAPK/NF-κB p65/NLRP3 and inflammatory cytokines, and increase the expression of tight-junction related proteins ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5. RNA-seq analysis showed that the neurotrophin signaling pathway played an important role in the disease. RT-qPCR and WB results showed that EF could regulate the expression of nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor and their downstream related proteins in the neurotrophin signaling pathway, which might explain the potential mechanism of EF's effects on the cognitive impairment and WM damage caused by hypertension.
Increased protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs); however, whether retention of PBUTs causes CVD remains unclear. Previous studies assessing the impacts of PBUTs on the vasculature have relied on 2D cell cultures lacking in vivo microenvironments. Here, we investigated the impact of various PBUTs (p-cresol (PC), indoxyl sulfate (IS), and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS)) on microvascular function using an organ-on-a-chip (OOC). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were used to develop 3D vessels. Chronic exposure to PC resulted in significant vascular leakage compared with controls, whereas IS or PCS treatment did not alter the permeability of 3D vessels. Increased permeability induced by PC was correlated with derangement of cell adherens junction complex, vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin and filamentous (F)-actin. Additionally, PC decreased endothelial viability in a concentration-dependent manner with a lower IC50 in 3D vessels than in 2D cultures. IS slightly decreased cell viability, while PCS did not affect viability. PC induced inflammatory responses by increasing monocyte adhesion to endothelial surfaces of 3D vessels and IL-6 production. In conclusion, this study leveraged an OOC to determine the diverse effects of PBUTs, demonstrating that PC accumulation is detrimental to ECs during kidney insufficiency.
TAE/TACE combined with autologous iNKT cells infusion will be applied for patients in experimental group. TAE/TACE will be performed at 0th and 4th week. 5×10\^8-10\^9/m2 iNKT cells will be infused to patients at 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 11th week after first TAE/TACE therapy.
INTRODUCTION: Determining ultrafiltration volume in patients undergoing intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) is an essential component in the assessment and management of volume status. Venous excess ultrasound (VExUS) is a novel tool used to quantify the severity of venous congestion at the bedside. Given the high prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), venous Doppler could represent a useful tool to monitor decongestion in these patients.
METHODS: This is a prospective observational study conducted in ESKD patients who were admitted to the hospital requiring IHD and ultrafiltration. Inferior vena cava maximum diameter (IVCd), portal vein Doppler (PVD), and hepatic vein Doppler (HVD) were performed in all patients before and after a single IHD session.
RESULTS: Forty-one patients were included. The prevalence of venous congestion was 88% based on IVCd and 63% based on portal vein pulsatility fraction (PVPF). Both mean IVCd and PVPF displayed a significant improvement after ultrafiltration. The percent decrease in PVPF was significantly larger than the percent decrease in IVCd. HVD alterations did not significantly improve after ultrafiltration.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed a high prevalence of venous congestion in hospitalized ESKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. After a single IHD session, there was a significant improvement in both IVCd and PVPF. HVD showed no significant improvement with one IHD session. PVPF changes were more sensitive than IVCd changes during volume removal. This study suggests that, due to its rapid response to volume removal, PVD, among the various components of the VExUS grading system, could be more effective in monitoring real-time decongestion in patients undergoing IHD.
Patients receive 506U78 IV over 2 hours on days 1, 3, and 5. Treatment continues every 28 days for up to 6 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
PURPOSE:To obtain a medicine consisting of nitroglycerin pharmaceutical preparation having dermal administration form and capable of continuously improving portal hypertension without largely changing hepatic blood flow. CONSTITUTION:A dermal administration preparation of nitroglycerin used in remedy for cardiac infarction or angina pectoris is used as a long-term remedy for portal hypertension accompanied by cirrhosis of the lever. The preparation can be simply administered and exhibits prolonged portal hypertension improving action and used as ordinary use method. For example, in a commercial 'Millisrol(R)' tape agent, the tape agent is applied to proper region (e.g. precordia) on skin surface of patient of portal hypertension. Though a well- known Vasopressin which is portal vein pressure depressing agent has strong side effects on circulatory organ, the aimed agent has no side effects.
ABSTRACT         The invention relates to a method for temporarily alleviat-ing the symptoms of glaucoma. Conventional therapy for glaucoma is with pilocarpine and/or epinephrine administered topically several times daily. One of the problems with many conventional drugs for the treatment of glaucoma is that they decrease the size of the pupil, i.e., they are miotic drugs. This is an undesirable side effect, resulting in temporarily impaired vision. The present in-vention minimizes these difficulties by providing a method of re-ducing IOP and for treating glaucoma in which there is a minimum of miotic side effects. The present invention relates to a thera-peutic composition comprising a topically administrable ophthalmic pharmaceutical carrier and an effective amount of an alkaloid selected from colchicine or vinblastine. The present invention also relates to a method for reducing intraocular pressure and for temporarily alleviating the symptoms of glaucoma in humans comprising topically administering to the eyes of a human, having increased intraocular pressure or having glaucoma an effective amount of the foregoing composition.
All patients will receive tafasitamab (Minjuvi®) 12 mg/KG body weight and rituximab 375 mg/m² on days 0 and 5, followed by methotrexate 3,5 g/m² on day 1 as an intravenous infusion. Lenalidomide will be administered orally at 20 mg/day during the first cycle and at 25 mg/day during subsequent cycles on days 4-17 of each 21-day cycle for a total number of 4 cycles. The treatment duration per patient will be 84 days.
A system includes a ranking engine ( 110 ) and a user interface ( 130 ). The ranking engine receives a list ( 114 ) for a patient which includes a plurality of occurrences ( 210 ) and computes a relevance score for each occurrence ( 210 ) in the list. The computed relevance score is according to a relevance scheme ( 116 ) that maps relevance scores from a lexicon controlling the list to each of the plurality of occurrences. The user interface ( 130 ) displays the list on a display device ( 137 ) of a local computing device ( 140 ) ordered by a presented computed relevance score that includes the computed relevance score. Each displayed occurrence of the plurality of occurrences includes a feedback indicator ( 136 ). The user interface receives feedback comprising an input for one displayed occurrence of the plurality of occurrences according to the feedback indicator which indicates the one displayed occurrence is to be displayed higher or lower in the list than a current position. The input is a binary indicator.
A single component product comprising a liquid pharmaceutical composition for administration to a mucosal surface is described. The composition comprises a therapeutic agent, a pectin with a degree of esterification of less than 50% and an aqueous carrier. The composition gels or can be adapted to gel at the site of application. Also described is the use of this composition in the manufacture of a medicament for use as a means of delivery of therapeutic agents to the nose, the vagina, the rectum, the back of the throat or the eye. A kit of parts which comprises the abovementioned composition is also described. The kit is packaged and presented with instructions to administer the composition to a mucosal surface in the absence of an extraneous source of divalent metal ions.
Diamond shape banding method will be applied in a way that 4 bands of 2.5 cm width cut kinesio tape ends on top of each other, leaving the lateral epicondyle region exposed while the elbows are slightly flexed in the supine position. In the groups where different tensions will be applied, the middle points of the tapes will be stretched according to the amount of tensions, and the ends will be taped over each other without tension.In the placebo group, the tapes of the tapes will be applied tensionlessly without overlapping each other. Algometer will be used in the assessment of pressure pain threshold and pain tolerance. Pain severity felt at the level of pain threshold and pain tolerance will be evaluated with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). All measurements will be made before taping, immediately after taping and 30 minutes after taping, will be repeated 3 times and their average values will be recorded. There will be a 60 second rest period between each trial to avoid temporal sensitization. Each assessment will be performed bilaterally by another physiotherapist who is blind to the band tension and has no experience with the kinesio banding technique.
The precise mechanisms by which gabapentin produces its analgesic and antiepileptic actions are unknown.

In animal models of analgesia, gabapentin prevents allodynia (pain-related behavior in response to a normally innocuous stimulus) and hyperalgesia (exaggerated response to painful stimuli). Gabapentin prevents pain-related responses in several models of neuropathic pain in rats and mice (e.g., spinal nerve ligation models, spinal cord injury model, acute herpes zoster infection model). Gabapentin also decreases pain-related responses after peripheral inflammation (carrageenan footpad test, late phase of formalin test), but does not alter immediate pain-related behaviors (rat tail flick test, formalin footpad acute phase). The relevance of these models to human pain is not known.

Gabapentin exhibits antiseizure activity in mice and rats in both the maximal electroshock and pentylenetetrazole seizure models and other preclinical models (e.g., strains with genetic epilepsy, etc.). The relevance of these models to human epilepsy is not known.

Gabapentin is structurally related to the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) but has no effect on GABA binding, uptake or degradation. Gabapentin did not exhibit affinity for a number of other common receptor ion channel, or transporter proteins. In vitro studies have shown that gabapentin binds with high-affinity to the α2δ subunit of voltage-activated calcium channels; however, the relationship of this binding to the therapeutic effects of gabapentin is unknown.
In controlled clinical trials, suicidal ideation or suicide attempt was reported in 2% of GOCOVRI-treated patients and 0% of placebo-treated patients. Depression or depressed mood was reported in 6% of GOCOVRI-treated patients and 1% of placebo-treated patients. Confusional state was reported in 3% of GOCOVRI-treated patients and 2% of placebo-treated patients. Apathy was reported in 2% of GOCOVRI-treated patients and 0% of placebo-treated patients.

Monitor patients for depression, including suicidal ideation or behavior. Prescribers should consider whether the benefits outweigh the risks of treatment with GOCOVRI in patients with a history of suicidality or depression.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) are heterogeneous syndromes defined clinically by serial measures of kidney function. Each condition possesses strong histopathologic associations, including glomerular obsolescence or acute tubular necrosis, respectively. Despite such characterization, there remains wide variation in patient outcomes and treatment responses. Precision medicine efforts, as exemplified by the Kidney Precision Medicine Project (KPMP), have begun to establish evolving, spatially anchored, cellular and molecular atlases of the cell types, states, and niches of the kidney in health and disease. The KPMP atlas provides molecular context for CKD and AKI disease drivers and will help define subtypes of disease that are not readily apparent from canonical functional or histopathologic characterization but instead are appreciable through advanced clinical phenotyping, pathomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, epigenomic, and metabolomic interrogation of kidney biopsy samples. This perspective outlines the structure of the KPMP, its approach to the integration of these diverse datasets, and its major outputs relevant to future patient care.
OBJECTIVES: Childhood maltreatment (CM) may increase the risk for cognitive deficits and dementia later in life. However, most research has been cross-sectional in nature, has typically focused on specific types of CM, and rarely examined individual differences. The objectives are to evaluate 1) if CM predicts poorer cognitive performance and greater cognitive decline over a 5-year follow-up in older men and women with coronary artery disease (CAD) or other non-cardiovascular (non-CVD) chronic disease, and whether 2) sex and CAD status influence these relations.
METHODS: Men and women (N = 1254; 39.6 % women; 65.6 ± 7.0 years old) with CAD or other non-CVD chronic diseases completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form (CTQ-SF). The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was administered twice at 5-year intervals. Main analyses included bivariate correlations, hierarchical analyses and moderation analyses controlling for sociodemographic and health parameters.
RESULTS: CM was experienced by 32 % of the sample, while scores suggestive of cognitive deficits were obtained by 32.7 % and 40.2 % at study onset and follow-up, respectively. CM was associated with significantly lower MoCA scores at study onset (b = -0.013, p = 0.020), but not with change in MoCA over time (b = -0.002, p = 0.796). While MoCA scores did differ as a function of sex and CAD status, the latter did not influence the relations between maltreatment and MoCA.
CONCLUSIONS: CM predicted poorer cognitive functioning among older individuals with chronic diseases but did not play a role in any further cognitive decline over the follow-up period. Further research is needed to help understand the mechanisms implicated.
Stability of the lumbar spine is required for static and dynamic functioning in daily life activities. Spinal proprioception is one of the major feedback mechanisms which contribute to spine positioning and trunk stability. Sense of proprioception is processed by the central nervous system based on the afferent information received by mechanoreceptors located in muscle spindles, Golgi tendon organs, and joint capsules. Proprioceptive feedback contributes toward joint position sense which is integral for trunk control, postural stability, and balance. Defective proprioceptive feedback can impair normal coordinated trunk motion which, in turn, can lead to decreased stability and a higher risk of musculoskeletal injury.

Several treatment approaches are available that aim to improve proprioception such as balance board, taping, bracing, manual therapy techniques, etc. However, with recent technological advancements, newer treatment modalities have been introduced that aim to improve joint position sense. One such modality is whole body vibration where the individual is exposed to mechanical vibrations through a device or a vibrating platform. It requires the individual to perform exercises on a platform vibrating between 1-50 Hz. The effects of WBV are currently being studied in the field of rehabilitation. Past research has established the neurophysiological basis of whole-body vibration on proprioception. Studies have demonstrated that training via WBV causes a continuous proprioceptive stimulation which enhances neuromuscular receptivity of the muscle spindle and helps improve muscle function. Existing literature has established the effectiveness of WBV to improve muscle strength, endurance, and power, moreover, it is also suitable for individuals who cannot perform strenuous exercise. However, there is conflicting evidence on the role of WBV on postural stability, and needs further exploration. Core strengthening is already a part of treatment regimens focused on improving trunk stability, and is backed by a vast literature. The current study is focused on comparing the effects of WBV along with core strengthening protocol verse core stability training alone in adults. If WBV is found effective, it can help in providing training protocols using WBV for improving muscle activation among untrained and enhancing performance among trained sports personnel. The main objective of this study is to compare the effect of whole-body vibration along with core stability training versus core stability training alone on lumbar joint position sense error and postural stability in healthy adults. For the purpose of this study, 42 participants meeting the inclusion criteria will be recruited. After baseline assessment participants will be randomly allocated to two groups i.e. Whole-Body Vibration along with core training and core stability training alone. Participants will receive 12 treatment sessions over the course of four weeks after which post treatment assessment of outcome measures will be carried out.