anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a relatively common complication of pregnancy, and insufficient syncytialization in the placenta may play an important role in the pathogenesis of FGR. However, the mechanism of impaired formation of the syncytiotrophoblast layer in FGR patients requires further exploration. In the present study, we demonstrated that the level of syncytialization was decreased in FGR patient placentas, while the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was significantly upregulated. CTGF was found to inhibit trophoblast fusion via regulating cell cycle progress of BeWo cells. Furthermore, we found that CTGF negatively regulates cell cycle arrest in a p21-dependent manner as overexpression of p21 could rescue the impaired syncytialization induced by CTGF-overexpression. Besides, we also identified that CTGF inhibits the expression of p21 through ITGB4/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Our study provided a new insight for elucidating the pathogenic mechanism of FGR and a novel idea for the clinical therapy of FGR.
Sugar sweetened beverages (SSB) are a concern for Indigenous populations and are associated with multiple chronic diseases. To address this concern, we culturally tailored and tested the feasibility of an evidence-based SSB-reducing curriculum. The modified curriculum was designed for Indigenous men and is thematically based on traditional values, ancestral teachings, and community strengths while promoting healthy lifestyles. A community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach was used to develop an interview guide using an Indigenous-centered theoretical framework. Two Indigenous content experts conducted both individual and focus group interviews (n = 14) with urban community leaders and athletes. Two Indigenous qualitative scientists analyzed the data with the support of an inter-tribal community advisory board. Results included imagery utilization, the importance of water, marketing, taste, and building routine. These findings guided the development of 6-month Indigenous focused SSB intervention consisting of 12 in-person intervention sessions and 27 short messaging service (SMS) messages.
1. A method for treating inflammatory bowel syndrome in a mammal, comprising administering to said mammal a pharmaceutical composition which contains a therapeutically effective amount of lymphotoxin-β (LT-β-R) receptor blocking agent and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 2. A method for selection of LT-β-R blocking agent, comprising the steps: a) cultivation of tumorous cells in presence of effective amount of at least one LT-β-R stimulator and assumed LT-β-R blocking agent (agent under test); b) adding of vital dye to the mixture of tumorous cells; and c) measuring of optical density of the mixture for determination of lowering value of anticancer [antitumor] activity of LT-β-R stimulator by assumed LT-β-R blocking agent, said lowering value, which is at least 20%, is evidence that the agent under test is LT-β-R blocking agent. 3. A method for inhibiting LT-β-R signalling without inhibiting TNF-R signalling comprising the step of administering to a subject an effective amount of a LT-β-R blocking agent.
Those randomized to the wait-list control condition will go about their daily lives for the duration of the 12-week trial. They will be asked to complete the same questionnaires (and will be remunerated in the same way as those in the other two conditions via $10 per questionnaire completion). At the end of the 12-week trial, participants in this condition will have access to the personal exercise programming.
Patients will receive sorafenib by mouth once or twice a day and a 1- to 2-hour infusion of cetuximab once a week for 8 weeks. They will also receive a 1½-hour infusion of irinotecan once a week in weeks 3-6. Patients will then receive sorafenib by mouth once or twice a day and a 1- to 2-hour infusion of cetuximab once a week for 6 weeks. They will also receive a 1½-hour infusion of irinotecan once a week in weeks 1-4. Treatment may repeat every 6 weeks for as long as benefit is shown.
Eligible subjects will receive oral doses of CAB 30 milligrams (mg) tablets once daily for 4 weeks followed by IM injectable suspension of CAB LA 600 mg at Week 5, Week 9, Week 17, Week 25 and Week 33. There will be an approximately 1-week washout period between the last oral dose and the first injection of CAB at Week 5.
Detecting hypoglycaemia by receiving ECG data and classifying it using a personalised model to identify blood glucose levels falling below a threshold. The electrocardiogram based data is classified using at least one neural network e.g. convolutional neural network (CNN) or recurrent neural network (RNN). When the blood glucose falls below a threshold level an alarm is triggered. The ECG may correspond to a sequence of heartbeats. Other data may also be received and classified e.g. activity data, body temperature and skin conductance. Also, a blood glucose monitoring system with an ECG monitor and a data management device. The ECG monitor may be non-invasive, wearable and be a communication device. Also, a computer implemented method of generating a personalised model. Also, a computer implement method.
Adenosine injection is a respiratory stimulant (probably through activation of carotid body chemoreceptors) and intravenous administration in man has been shown to increase minute ventilation (Ve) and reduce arterial PCO2 causing respiratory alkalosis. 

Adenosine administered by inhalation has been reported to cause bronchoconstriction in asthmatic patients, presumably due to mast cell degranulation and histamine release. These effects have not been observed in normal subjects. Adenosine has been administered to a limited number of patients with asthma and mild to moderate exacerbation of their symptoms has been reported. Respiratory compromise has occurred during adenosine infusion in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease. Adenosine should be used with caution in patients with obstructive lung disease not associated with bronchoconstriction (e.g., emphysema, bronchitis, etc.) and should be avoided in patients with bronchoconstriction or bronchospasm (e.g., asthma). Adenosine should be discontinued in any patient who develops severe respiratory difficulties.
PURPOSE: The rectus femoris forms the anterior portion of the quadriceps muscle. It has a proximal tendinous complex, which is constituted by a direct tendon, an indirect tendon, and a variable third tendon. Direct and indirect tendons converge into a common tendon. The purposes of this study are to add anatomical knowledge about the proximal tendinous complex and describe anatomical variants of the indirect tendon and, on these basis, categorize different anatomical patterns.
METHOD: In this study, 48 hemipelvis from bodies donated to the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona have been dissected to examine the proximal tendinous complex of the rectus femoris.
RESULTS: The following anatomical variants of the indirect tendon were described: inferior aponeurotic expansion in 23/48 cases (47.9%); superior aponeurotic expansion in 21/48 cases (43.7%); and an unusual origin of the myotendinous junction of the rectus femoris in the free portion of the indirect tendon in 19/48 cases (39.6%). On the basis of the aponeurotic expansions, the following anatomical patterns of the indirect tendon were defined: standard (19/48 cases, 39.6%), superior and inferior complex (15/48 cases, 31.2%), inferior complex (8/48 cases, 16.7%), and superior complex (6/48 cases, 12.5%).
CONCLUSION: We can categorize four different anatomical patterns of the indirect tendon, three of which are complex. We suggest that complex patterns can cause an increased stiffness of the indirect tendon and so be considered non-modifiable risk factors for rectus femoris injuries. Finally, it would be useful to identify complex patterns and perform injury prevention actions through specific physical preparation programs.
PURPOSE: A diagnosis support device, a diagnosis support system, a method for controlling the diagnosis support device, and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium are provided to determine the reliability of a medical diagnosis support device by emphasizing a diagnosis name of a subject, positive information, and negative information on an input GUI(Graphical User Interface). CONSTITUTION: A diagnosis support device(100) is connected to a case information terminal(200). A case information terminal obtains information about an abnormal shadow of a lung. Data is obtained from FDD, HDD, CD drive, DVD drive, MO drive, and ZIP drive. Information is displayed on a monitor with an interpretable type. The case information terminal transmits appended information about the abnormal shadow of the lung to the diagnosis support device through a LAN according to the request of a user.
Untreated HIV-1 infection is characterized by progressive immune dysfunction and the development of opportunistic infections and AIDS-associated malignancies. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been successful in suppressing HIV replication and restoring partial immune function. However, HIV-specific immunity remains poor, as evidenced by rapid rebound of HIV-1 RNA following HAART withdrawal. Studies of individuals with acute HIV-1 infection, as well as those who are long-term nonprogressors, have suggested that robust HIV-specific immune responses are associated with control of HIV-1 viremia. Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen presenting cells that may increase HIV-specific immune responses. This protocol will evaluate the use of DCs to help control HIV infection.

Patients will be randomized to receive either intravenous or subcutaneous administration of HIV antigen expressing DCs. Each subject will receive two administrations of mature DCs given 3 weeks apart. Subjects will be followed weekly for 8 weeks, then at Weeks 12, 16, 24, 36, and 48. Two doses of DCs will be evaluated (low dose: 1-3 million cells; high dose: 5-10 million cells) for safety and immune system response.
The safety and effectiveness of Pemetrexed for Injection in pediatric patients have not been established. The safety and pharmacokinetics of Pemetrexed for Injection were evaluated in two clinical studies conducted in pediatric patients with recurrent solid tumors. Pemetrexed for Injection was administered at doses ranging from 400 to 2480 mg/m2 intravenously over 10 minutes on Day 1 of a 21-day cycle to 32 pediatric patients with recurrent solid tumors in a dose-finding study. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was determined to be 1910 mg/m2 (60 mg/kg for patients <12 months old). Pemetrexed for Injection was administered at the MTD every 21 days in an activity-estimating study enrolling 72 patients with relapsed or refractory osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma/peripheral primitive neural ectodermal tumor (PNET), rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, ependymoma, medulloblastoma/supratentorial PNET, or non-brainstem high grade glioma. Patients in both studies received concomitant vitamin B12 and folic acid supplementation and dexamethasone. 

No tumor responses were observed. Adverse reactions observed in pediatric patients were similar to those observed in adults. 

Single-dose pharmacokinetics of Pemetrexed for Injection administered at doses ranging from 400 to 2480 mg/m2 were evaluated in 22 patients (13 males and 9 females) age 4 to 18 years (average age 12 years). Pemetrexed exposure (AUC and Cmax) appeared to increase proportionally with dose. Average clearance (2.30 L/h/m2) and half-life (2.3 hours) were similar in pediatric patients compared to adults.
In December 2019, a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown aetiology was linked to an infection with a novel coronavirus - the SARS-CoV-2. Since then, the infection has become pandemic and spread affecting almost every country in the world. Knowledge of virus dynamics and the host's immune response to it is essential to understanding the pathogenesis as well as in formulating diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive strategies. There are no studies, however, related to these issues, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) context. Previous studies by the investigators have shown that the immune profile of healthy Ethiopians shows evidence of chronic immune activation with significant low naïve cells but high activated memory cells, of both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell sub populations. The above immune system characteristics of Ethiopians as compared to Europeans led the investigators to the assumption that these could contribute to the pathogenesis of and severity of clinical presentation of COVID-19. Persistent immune activation due to continuous infections with helminths is common in the entire SSA region. Such activation usually skewes the immune system towards T helper (Th)-2-type responses. The immune response against SARS-CoV-2 is typically of so called "cytokine storm". Here, the investigators hypothesize that SARS-CoV-2 infection induced immune activation as observed in patients in the industrialized world (with concomitant cytokine storms and extensive non-specific CD8 T-cell cytotoxicity) might be more prominent than in people from SSA, due to the Th2 profile of their immune system.

The investigators propose to study the profile of the immune response of Ethiopian population and will examine its relationship with the noted low CD4+ T-cell count and underlying immune activation status among patients with COVID-19 and will compare results with those residing in Europe. In addition, this project will evaluate the performance of various rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for SARS-CoV-2, taking into account the above-determined immune system characteristics. In addition, the investigators will evaluate the RDTs for use in the screening of infected patients who are asymptomatic, in particular in health-care settings, as well as for monitoring recovery or clearance of virus shedding for use in resource-constrained setting. Such comparative studies will help identify immune factors that could play a role in attenuating the disrupted immune responses caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection and thus contribute to the design and development of effective diagnostic, therapeutic or vaccine.

The pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 is related to hyper-inflammation. However, COVID-19 symptomatology in SSA appears significantly less serious than in industrialized world. We postulate that individuals residing in SSA and co-infected with intestinal parasites down regulate immune to SARS-CoV-2 and mute COVID-19 severity.
The gastrointestinal tract (GI) is an indispensable organ for any human. In addition to digesting and extracting nutrients from consumed foods, it also houses the largest community of human-associated microbes (called human gut microbiota), plays a role in immune system development and modulation, participates in water and electrolyte balancing, and excretes waste products. Because the human gut is constantly affected by external stimuli and foreign objects via food ingestion, it is not surprising that GI tract diseases, and especially diarrheal disease, are one of the most common causes of human illness. Diarrhea is especially prevalent at younger age, and indeed many young Egyptian children are vulnerable to develop such illness.

Healthy GI tract is the most densely populated human-associated microbial habitat and harbors a highly diverse microbial community. This gut microbiota functions as an essential organ in nutrition, immunity, and physiology of human hosts. Gut microbes are responsible for polysaccharide hydrolysis, vitamin production, immune system stimulation, and modulation of gut motility. While healthy gut microbiome provides protection of the human host against pathogen invasion, microbiota disbalance opens doors for the host to be colonized by intestinal pathogens including viruses, virulent bacteria, and parasites, which all can cause diarrhea. The burden of gut infections is high in Egypt, especially among young children. The vulnerability of these groups to gut infections has been linked previously to the level of hygiene and the integrity of intestinal barrier function, and can also be associated with the prevalence of pathogenic microbes in consumed foods such as poultry. The consumption of contaminated food and water, poor health knowledge, and ineffective infection control programs are contributing considerably to the persistence of enteric infections.

One of the approaches to reduce the prevalence of intestinal infections and resulting diarrhea is to improve overall gut health, by promoting the development of healthy gut microbiota and strengthening gut barrier function. Many dietary components can affect the composition and function of human gut microbiome. Among these, dietary fiber constitutes a variety of polysaccharides that are largely undigested and unabsorbed by humans (who lack enzymes required to break them), but are readily degraded by microbes in the large bowel. Fiber species that are selectively utilized by microbes and provide health benefits to the host are called prebiotics. These prebiotic fibers, such as inulin, selectively promote growth and expansion of beneficial members of our gut community, thus making it harder for pathogens to establish themselves in the gut. Fiber degradation by resident gut microbes also increases the levels of beneficial short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which were shown to improve gut barrier function and reduce tissue inflammation.
This is a single arm, open-label, prospective, non-randomized Phase II clinical trial of locally advanced HNSCC with double checkpoint blockade and radiotherapy dependent on intratumoral CD8+ T cell Infiltration.

All patients will initially be treated with the PD-L1 inhibitor Durvalumab (1500 mg q4w) and the CTLA-4 Inhibitor Tremelimumab (75 mg q4w / since Amendment 3 (01.04.2020): 300 mg absolute dose d5) and one cycle with Cisplatin (30mg/m² d1-3) and Docetaxel (75mg/m² d1). Treatment response will be evaluated clinically by endoscopy with biopsy. Changes of the CD8+ T cell density in the second biopsy compared to the first one before therapy will be used for patient selection. Patients with a stable or decreased CD8+ tumor infiltrating immune cell density or clinical progressive disease will receive standard CRT outside the trial. For these patients toxicity will be monitored until the first dose of the subsequent standard CRT. Patients with an increased CD8+ tumor infiltrating immune cell density and at least clinically stable disease will receive radioimmunotherapy with the PD-L1 Inhibitor Durvalumab and the CTLA4-Inhibitor Tremelimumab (altogether 4 doses q4w including the induction dose) followed by maintenance therapy with Durvalumab (8 additional doses q4w). The primary endpoint is feasibility. Feasibility criteria are receiving the protocol treatment until cycle 6 of antibody treatment and absence of any of the DLT defined in the protocol. A feasibility rate of ≥80% is expected. The efficacy of radioimmunotherapy and predictive character of changes of CD8+ tumor infiltrating immune cells after induction chemo-immunotherapy are further endpoints. The follow up period will be two years after the completion of radiotherapy.
A single intravenous injection of Verteporfin (0.4mg/kg) will be administered, at least 60minutes and up to 90 minutes before laser activation. A 690nm red laser light will be delivered with a diffuser laser fibre inserted through the skin into the breast tissue, with light dose escalation after every three patients. All patients will have fixed dose of the photosensitizer but variable light dose.
Patients receive oral celecoxib twice daily and recombinant interferon alpha-2b subcutaneously, once daily, 5 times a week. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
INTRODUCTION: Healthcare financing systems, dependent on out-of-pocket expenditure(OOPE), impose a heavy burden on those who use the services regularly, such as patients suffering from chronic diseases. High OOPE for health services leads to decreased utilization of the services and/or catastrophic health expenditure, which would significantly impede the achievement of Universal Health coverage.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine variations in OOPE and factors associated with Catastrophic Health Expenditure (CHE) of households with patients suffering from non-communicable diseases(NCDs) in four districts.
METHODS: A survey was conducted among 2344 adult patients having selected NCD/s. Multi-stage stratified cluster sampling selected respondents from 4 districts representing urban, rural, semi-urban, and estate. Data was collected using a validated interviewer-administered questionnaire. Logistic regression identified the predictors of CHE(> 40%). Significance was considered as 0.05.
RESULTS: Common NCDs were hypertension(29.1%), diabetes(26.8.0%), hyperlipidaemia(9.8%) and asthma(8.2%). Only 13% reported complications associated with NCDs. Fifty-six percent(N = 1304) were on regular clinic follow-up, and majority utilized western-medical government hospitals(N = 916,70.2%). There were 252 hospital admissions for chronic-disease management in the past 12 months. Majority(86%) were admitted to government sector hospitals. Most patients incurred nearly SLR 3000 per clinic visit and SLR 3300 per hospital admission. CHE was beyond 40% for 13.5% of the hospital admissions and 6.1% of the regular clinic follow-up. Patients admitted to private sector hospitals had 2.61 times higher CHE than those admitted to government sector hospitals.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with NCDs incurred high OOPE and faced CHE during healthcare seeking in Sri Lanka. The prevalence of NCDs and complications were high among the participants. Patients with chronic conditions incur high OOPE for a single clinic visit and a hospital admission. Patients incur high OOPE on direct medical costs, and district-wise variations were observed. The proportion with more than 40% CHE on monthly clinic care was high. Patients being followed up in the government sector are more likely to have CHE when obtaining healthcare and are more likely to face barriers in obtaining needed health services. The services rendered to patients with chronic conditions warrant a more integrative approach to reduce the burden of costs and related complications.