anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
According to the literature, it is seen that nursing students do not have sufficient knowledge about pressure injuries, and innovative applications are needed to improve their clinical skills. When the studies are examined, it is seen that the studies comparing standardized patient use and simulation application in pressure injury education for nursing students are very limited. In this context, it is seen that there is a need for studies in which the effectiveness of different simulation applications in learning pressure injury in nursing students is examined, and it is considered important to contribute to the literature with this study to be conducted. It is considered that the project has the potential to be published in internationally respected journals and presented at conferences. Due to the increase in the number of students in nursing education and the lack of clinical areas, it is extremely important to practice in reality-like environments. In addition, students are required to acquire nursing psychomotor skills before meeting with a real patient. In this study, it is aimed to examine the effect of pressure injury teaching performed with standardized patients and a medium-reality simulation model on the knowledge and evaluation levels of nursing students. In this context, the hypothesis of the study is:

H0: There is no difference between the knowledge and evaluation levels of pressure injury in nursing students of the teaching given using standardized patient and medium-reality simulation model applications. H1: There is a difference between the knowledge and evaluation levels of pressure injury in nursing students based on the teaching given using standardized patient and medium-reality simulation model applications. In this study, it is planned to provide two different types of simulation training aimed at improving the knowledge and evaluation levels of nursing students about pressure injuries. The use of simulation applications will increase the psychomotor skills of the student and increase the level of knowledge and evaluation without encountering the real patient. In addition, the standardized patient and medium-reality simulation model planned to be used in the study will provide many students with the opportunity to learn about pressure injuries without the need to train on patients in the hospital.
The refractive stability of patients undergoing corneal refractive procedures and treated with Diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution has not been established. Patients should be monitored for a year following use in this setting. 

With some nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, there exists the potential for increased bleeding time due to interference with thrombocyte aggregation. There have been reports that ocularly applied nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may cause increased bleeding of ocular tissues (including hyphemas) in conjunction with ocular surgery.

There is the potential for cross-sensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid, phenylacetic acid derivatives, and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. Therefore, caution should be used when treating individuals who have previously exhibited sensitivities to these drugs.
PURPOSE: A production method of a cinnamon supercritical extract is provided to offer excellent antibacterial activity especially to food poisoning bacteria. CONSTITUTION: Cinnamon is pulverized. The pulverized cinnamon is inserted into a supercritical extraction container, and supercritical fluid and an assistance solvent are flowed into the extraction container to touch the pulverized cinnamon for conducting supercritical extraction. The supercritical fluid and the assistance solvent are removed from the cinnamon supercritical extract. The supercritical fluid and is carbon dioxide or water. The assistance solvent is ethanol, methanol, acetone, hexane, ethyl acetate, or methylene chloride. The supercritical extraction is conducted at 30-50°C in a pressure of 100-500 bar. The cinnamon supercritical extract contains cinnamaldehyde.
Good control of the pain without excessive use of opiates supports the benefits of minimally invasive surgical procedure.

This study is to examine the efficacy of continuously via surgically placed intercostal catheter administered ropivacaine at a flow rate of 6-8 ml/h of 2 mg/ml on post-operative pain (NRS) and pulmonary function (FEV1, PEF) during a maximum of 72 ± 2 hours after skin closure. Patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic anatomical resection of the lung under general anaesthesia with confirmed or anticipated Stage I Lung cancer will be included. The study will be conducted as superiority, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized. The efficacy of loco-regional administered ropivacaine will be compared to placebo (NaCl, 0.9%) administration. The whole study period per participant is expected to be 6 months. In the follow-up, 6 months after surgery, the impact of ropivacaine on long-term pain (NRS, McGill) and pulmonary function (FEV1, PEF) shall be evaluated.
Lung adenocarcinoma staging and grading were recently updated to reflect the link between histologic growth patterns and outcomes. The lepidic growth pattern is regarded as "in-situ," whereas all other patterns are regarded as invasive, though with stratification. Solid, micropapillary, and complex glandular patterns are associated with worse prognosis than papillary and acinar patterns. These recent changes have improved prognostic stratification. However, multiple pitfalls exist in measuring invasive size and in classifying lung adenocarcinoma growth patterns. Awareness of these limitations and recommended practices will help the pathology community achieve consistent prognostic performance and potentially contribute to improved patient management.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the leaving of a detergent and its diffusion in air by keeping soft capsule agents with supercritical carbon dioxide to dissolve away pollutants on the surface thereof. SOLUTION: Sticking material is for example applied on the surface of a soft capsule which has highly unsaturated fatty acid derived from natural fish oil as main material of the contents thereof and a film mainly made of gelatin at a rate about 100 times the normal quantity. The soft capsule is fed into an extraction tank 4 to be kept in contact with supercritical carbon dioxide subject to the critical temperature to 50 deg.C and the critical pressure to 150atm. The sticking material on the surface of the capsule is dissolved and extracted for 20min., then guided to a separation tank 5 and the conditions of the pressure and the temperature are returned to the atmospheric pressure and about 25 deg.C to recover the contents and a die releasing agent. Finally, the pressure of the extraction tank 4 is reduced to the normal level to take out the capsule washed.  The capsule is washed by n-hexane and a washing solution is evaluated by TLC. If so, there is no spot noted about the contents and the die releasing agent while washing effect is obtained free from the deformation or the like of the capsule.
Use of substances (I) which restrain or reduce the expression and/or activity of protein kinase C-epsilon (PKCeta ) for the treatment and/or prevention of e.g. heart circulation diseases, vascular diseases, kidney diseases, disorders of metabolic dysfunction, cardiovascular complications in patients, diseases caused due to continuous or temporary oxygen deficiency, acute and/or chronic repulsion after transplantation, is new. Use of substances (I) which restrain or reduce the expression and/or activity of protein kinase C-epsilon (PKCeta ) for the treatment and/or prevention of heart circulation diseases, vascular diseases, kidney diseases, disorders of metabolic dysfunction e.g. latent diabetes, cardiovascular complications in patients with hypertonia, hypercholesteremia, diabetes mellitus, renal failure or restricted renal function with a glomerular filtration rate of less than 80 ml/minute, diseases or one or several and/or organ system conditions caused due to continuous or temporary oxygen deficiency, acute and/or chronic repulsion after organ transplantation, chronic transplantation dysfunction and/or transplant vasculopathy, is new. An independent claim is also included for use of (I) for modulating phosphorylation and/or activation of mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase. ACTIVITY : Cardiant; Vasotropic; Cerebroprotective; Nephrotropic; Antidiabetic; Ophthalmological; Neuroprotective; Gastrointestinal-Gen; Cardiovascular-Gen; Antiinflammatory; Immunosuppressive; Dermatological; Antiulcer; Respiratory-Gen.; Hepatotropic; Antipsoriatic; Antiasthmatic; Apoptotic; Antiapoptotic. MECHANISM OF ACTION : Protein kinase C epsilon inhibitor; Mitogen activated protein kinase modulator; Tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor.
INTRODUCTION: Patients with protein metabolism disorders (PMDs) require a diet with strict protein control that can affect their growth and development. The aim of the study was to assess nutritional status and growth in patients with PMDs undergoing dietary treatment.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective observational case-control study in 63 patients with PMDs and 63 healthy controls matched for age and sex. We collected data for anthropometric variables (weight, height, BMI, tricipital and subscapular skinfolds, arm and waist circumference) and calculated the corresponding z scores. We also estimated the body fat mass and classified patients into nutritional status categories.
RESULTS: The overall analysis found a lower height z score in patients with PMDs and an equal proportion of overweight and obesity with respect to controls (30.2%). When we divided patients with PMDs into 2 groups (phenylketonuria and other aminoacidopathies), we found that patients with phenylketonuria had a height that was similar to the height of controls and significantly higher compared to patients with other aminoacidopathies. When it came to nutritional status, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was greater in the phenylketonuria group (45.5%), while underweight and short stature were more frequent in the group with other aminoacidopathies.
CONCLUSION: Not all patients with PMDs follow the same growth pattern, and their body composition is variable. In our sample, the group of patients with phenylketonuria had an adequate height but also a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity. On the other hand, patients with other aminoacidopathies had a higher prevalence of underweight and lower z scores for height and arm circumference.
BACKGROUND: Obesity-associated male infertility is a common complication of obesity and has been increasing in prevalence. Blautia wexlerae has modulation effects on obesity. However, the action of B. wexlerae on obesity-associated male infertility is unclear. The nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has become a major target for addressing many diseases, including obesity-associated male infertility. This study aims to investigate the action of B. wexlerae on obesity-associated male infertility and the influence of B. wexlerae on NLRP3 inflammasome.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The fecal samples were collected from 60 infertile men with or without obesity and 30 healthy men. The obesity mice model was established through high-fat diet (HFD) induction. The mating assays evaluated the male infertility of obese mice. A mouse-derived spermatogonia (GC-1 spg) cell viability was detected using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed using flow cytometry. Furthermore, immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and western blotting were applied to measure the gene expressions.
RESULTS: Blautia wexlerae was decreased and negatively correlated with interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) or IL-18 levels in infertile men with obesity. On the other hand, B. wexlerae improved the mating capability of obese male mice and suppressed oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome via the activation of the acetate receptor. Furthermore, sodium acetate regulated oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome via the activation of the acetate receptor in GC-1 spg cells in vitro.
CONCLUSION: The administration of Blautia wexlerae improved obesity-associated male infertility and regulated oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activities. In general, its administration may be an effective strategy for the treatment of obesity-associated male infertility.
BACKGROUND: Sheehan's syndrome is a rare condition, which is classically characterized by anterior pituitary hypofunction following postpartum shock or hemorrhage. While diabetes insipidus (DI) is not commonly associated with Sheehan's syndrome, we present a rare case of a multiparous female developing rapid-onset panhypopituitarism and DI following severe postpartum hemorrhage.
CASE PRESENTATION: A previously healthy 39-year-old woman, gravida 5, para 4, presented with hypovolemic shock after vaginal delivery, attributed to severe postpartum hemorrhage, necessitating emergent hysterectomy. Although her shock episodes resolved during hospitalization, she developed intermittent fever, later diagnosed as adrenal insufficiency. Administration of hydrocortisone effectively resolved the fever. However, she subsequently developed diabetes insipidus. Diagnosis of Sheehan's syndrome with central diabetes insipidus was confirmed through functional hormonal tests and MRI findings. Treatment consisted of hormone replacement therapy, with persistent panhypopituitarism noted during a ten-year follow-up period.
CONCLUSIONS: Sheehan's syndrome is a rare complication of postpartum hemorrhage. Central diabetes insipidus should be suspected, although not commonly, while the patient presented polyuria and polydipsia. Besides, the potential necessity for long-term hormonal replacement therapy should be considered.
BACKGROUND: Thrombocytopenia is a common hematologic finding in children and adolescents. Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is the most common cause of this finding, but the differential diagnosis includes a growing list of genetic disorders. We aimed to report differences in phenotypes of patients with ITP, inherited platelet disorder (IPD)/primary immunodeficiency disorder (PID), and other causes, with a focus on differentiating ITP from inherited thrombocytopenia.
PROCEDURE: This retrospective, population-based observational cohort from 2006 to 2020 involved 506 Finnish children under 16 years of age presenting with isolated thrombocytopenia.
RESULTS: Of the 506 participants, 79.7% had ITP, 6.7% had IPD/PID, and 13.6% had other causes of thrombocytopenia. A platelet count of ≤12 × 109/L best distinguished between ITP and other reasons with a sensitivity of 60% and a specificity of 80%. Among patients with the lowest platelet count of less than 10 × 109/L, 95.9% had ITP, 3.3% had IPD/PID, and 0.8% had other causes. Severe bleeding events were reported in 20 patients (4.0%), but there were no cases of intracranial or fatal bleeding due to thrombocytopenia. Up to 50% of patients with a high suspicion of inherited thrombocytopenia remained without a specific diagnosis despite genetic testing.
CONCLUSIONS: ITP remains the most common cause of thrombocytopenia. A platelet count of ≤12 × 109/L often leads to an ITP diagnosis. Genetic disorders are rare but should be suspected in patients with persisting thrombocytopenia, especially with platelet counts constantly above 12 × 109/L, a positive family history, or atypical clinical features.
OBJECTIVE: Glucocorticoids (GC) are a cornerstone in treating antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitides (AAV), however, they add to morbidity and mortality. To date, GC toxicity in AAV has rarely been systematically investigated.
METHODS: Patients with a confirmed AAV were included in this monocentric prospective study. GC toxicity was assessed by structured interviews, clinical examination and electronic medical record analysis. The Glucocorticoid Toxicity Index (GTI) consisting of the Aggregate Improvement Score (GTI-AIS) and the Cumulative Worsening Score (GTI-CWS) was assessed at two time points (t1 baseline, t2 6 months later). We used regression analyses to assess the relationship between GTI and GC exposure, toxicity, and disease activity, and a receiver operating characteristic analysis to calculate a GC threshold dose beyond which toxicity is expected to occur.
RESULTS: We included 138 patients with AAV. The median cumulative GC dose was 9014.0 mg. The most frequent adverse events were skin atrophy, osteoporosis and myopathy. GC exposure and toxicity were significantly correlated (p<0.001). GTI-AIS was significantly higher in active disease compared with patients in remission (p<0.001). GTI-CWS scored significantly higher in long-standing diseases (p=0.013) with high cumulative GC doses (p=0.003). Patients with a cumulative GC dose of 935 mg or more showed an 80% likelihood for a clinically meaningful change in GTI scoring.
CONCLUSION: The GTI is capable of capturing GC toxicity in AAV and identifies patients at increased risk for GC side effects. Our data support efforts to limit GC exposure in patients with AAV.
The present invention relates to a preparing method for a radio-pharmaceutical product by using guanidine-bonded polymer and, more specifically, relates to a production of a high-yield radio-pharmaceutical product inside a cartridge or a column in a short production time in a simple way. By using the preparing method of the present invention, a radioactive isotope can be easily captured by flowing radioactive solution into the cartridge or the column. Due to the basicity of a guanidine functional group, reaction labeling a radioactive isotope on a precursor compound can be easily performed inside the cartridge or the column. In addition, additional deprotecting reaction can be easily performed inside the cartridge or the column by inserting acidic or basic solution into the cartridge or the column. In particular, F-18 labeling reaction is conducted in a solution phase without an additional catalyst for phase transition. Therefore, manufacturing costs for the radio-pharmaceutical product can be saved, and a purifying process after the reaction can be performed easily.
BACKGROUND: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) exhibits mainly cerebellar and oculomotor dysfunctions but also, frequently, cognitive impairment and neuropsychological symptoms. The mechanism of the progression of SCA2 remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate longitudinal structural changes in the brains of SCA2 patients based on atrophy rate.
METHODS: The OpenNeuro Dataset ds001378 was used. It comprises the demographic data and two magnetic resonance images each of nine SCA2 patients and 16 healthy controls. All structural images were preprocessed using FreeSurfer software, and each region's bilateral volume was summed. Atrophy rates were calculated based on the concept of symmetrised percent change and compared between SCA2 patients and healthy controls using non-parametric statistics. As post hoc analysis, correlation analysis was performed between infratentorial volume ratio and the accumbens area atrophy rates in SCA2 patients.
RESULTS: There were no significant differences between groups for age, gender, and the time between scans. Statistical analysis indicated a significantly larger atrophy rate of the accumbens area in SCA2 patients than in controls. Additionally, the infratentorial volume ratio and accumbens area atrophy rates showed moderate negative correlation.
CONCLUSIONS: This study found that nucleus accumbens (NAc) atrophy was significantly accelerated in SCA2 patients. Anatomically, the NAc is densely connected with infratentorial brain regions, so it is reasonable to posit that degeneration propagates from the cerebellum and brainstem to the NAc and other supratentorial areas. Functionally, the NAc is essential for appropriate behaviour, so NAc degeneration might contribute to neuropsychological symptoms in SCA2 patients.
The patient's baseline data will be collected within the first week before darunavir administration, Visit 1. For patients already in treatment with darunavir, outside the Early Access Program, baseline and follow-up data will be collected retrospectively and prospectively. For patients switched to commercial darunavir from the Early Access Program and already in treatment with darunavir, Baseline Visit data will be collected from the Early Access Program Baseline Visit. For patients already in treatment with darunavir outside the Early Access Program, baseline data will be collected retrospectively starting from the first darunavir intake. For all patients, laboratory examination results collected within 6 months before darunavir treatment starts will be considered as baseline data. For patients switched to commercial darunavir from the Early Access Program and already in treatment with darunavir, Visit 2 won't be performed. For patients starting commercial darunavir or already in treatment with commercial darunavir outside the Early Access Program, laboratory exams related to follow-up visits, Visit 2 onward, can be performed within a time window of one month before or after the corresponding visit date. Further data collection will occur approximately at 1, 3, and 6 months and subsequently about every 3 months according to routine practice, after initiating darunavir treatment. If a patient stops treatment with darunavir at any time, the end of study visit should be performed as soon as possible. Darunavir film-coated tablet, orally administered. Orange, oval-shaped tablet, debossed with 400MG or 600MG or 300MG on one side and TMC on the other side. Duration of observation minimum 48 weeks.
SMOC1 has emerged as one of the most significant and consistent new biomarkers of early Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies show that SMOC1 is one of the earliest changing proteins in AD, with levels in the cerebrospinal fluid increasing many years before symptom onset. Despite this clear association with disease, little is known about the role of SMOC1 in AD or its function in the brain. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the distribution of SMOC1 in human AD brain tissue and to determine if SMOC1 influenced amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation. The distribution of SMOC1 in human brain tissue was assessed in 3 brain regions (temporal cortex, hippocampus, and frontal cortex) using immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 73 cases encompassing advanced AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), preclinical AD, and cognitively normal controls. The Aβ- and phosphorylated tau-interaction with SMOC1 was assessed in control, MCI, and advanced AD human brain tissue using co-immunoprecipitation, and the influence of SMOC1 on Aβ aggregation kinetics was assessed using Thioflavin-T assays and electron microscopy. SMOC1 strongly colocalized with a subpopulation of amyloid plaques in AD (43.8 ± 2.4%), MCI (32.8 ± 5.4%), and preclinical AD (28.3 ± 6.4%). SMOC1 levels in the brain strongly correlated with plaque load, irrespective of disease stage. SMOC1 also colocalized with a subpopulation of phosphorylated tau aggregates in AD (9.6 ± 2.6%). Co-immunoprecipitation studies showed that SMOC1 strongly interacted with Aβ in human MCI and AD brain tissue and with phosphorylated tau in human AD brain tissue. Thioflavin-T aggregation assays showed that SMOC1 significantly delayed Aβ aggregation in a dose-dependent manner, and electron microscopy confirmed that the Aβ fibrils generated in the presence of SMOC1 had an altered morphology. Overall, our results emphasize the importance of SMOC1 in the onset and progression of AD and suggest that SMOC1 may influence pathology development in AD.
Physical activity on 80-85% of individual VO2max every hour. Modality: Hill walking/jogging on treadmill.