anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The Sterile Alpha and Toll Interleukin Receptor Motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1) has been shown to promote axonal degeneration and is involved in neuroinflammation. However, the role of SARM1 in AD remains unclear. In this study, we found that SARM1 was reduced in hippocampal neurons of AD model mice. Interestingly, conditional knockout (CKO) of SARM1 in the central nervous system (CNS, SARM1Nestin-CKO mice) delayed the cognitive decline in APP/PS1 AD model mice. Furthermore, SARM1 deletion reduced the Aβ deposition and inflammatory infiltration in the hippocampus and inhibited neurodegeneration in APP/PS1 AD model mice. Further investigation into the underlying mechanisms revealed that the signaling of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was downregulated in the hippocampus tissues of APP/PS1;SARM1Nestin-CKO mice, thereby alleviating the cognitive decline, Aβ deposition and inflammatory infiltration. These findings identify unrecognized functions of SARM1 in promoting AD and reveal the SARM1-TNF-α pathway in AD model mice.
1441136 Thixotropes CHESEBROUGHPONDS Inc 4 Sept 1973 [2 Nov 1972] 41562/73 Headings C3F C3P and C3R [Also in Division C4] A coating composition in the form of a gel capable of being broken up for application to a suitable substrate by a relatively small shearing force at a relatively small shearing rate, includes a rheological control system comprising an amine-modified montmorillonite clay, a swelling agent therefor, and a non-volatile oleaginous wetting agent having polar groups and an affinity for wetting clay selected from oils, waxes and mixtures thereof. The compositions may be nail enamels or polishes, paints, inks or aerosol paints. The wetting agent may be polymerized or copolymerized castor oil or a modified oxidized wax. The swelling agent may be orthophosphoric acid. In the examples there are prepared nail enamels or polishes comprising camphor, dibutyl phthalate butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol toluene, nitrocellulose, aryl-sulphonamide resin, dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium montmorillonite, mixed oxidized polyethylene modified wax, cosmetic oxide, iron blue, titanium dioxide, D & C Red No. 6 Al, orthophosphoric acid, ethyl alcohol, acetyl tributyl citrate, polymerized castor oil, D and C Yellow No. 6 Al lake, D and C Red No. 6 and 7 Ca lake, unpolymerized castor oil and pearl essence pigment guanine fish scale, non-aqueous paint compositions comprising titanium dioxide, mineral spirits, alkyd resin, dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium montmorillonite, mixed oxidized polyethylene modified wax, lead naphthenate, cobalt naphthenate, orthophosphoric acid, methyl methacrylate, cellulose acetate, acetate, toluene, butyl benzyl phalate and polymerized castor oil; inks comprising benzyl dodecyl dimethyl ammonium montmorillonite, polyethylene modified wax, butanol, nitrocellulose, titanium dioxide, ethyl alcohol, n-butyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, ethyl acetate, phthalocyanine blue, n-propyl alcohol, polyamide resin, mixed oxidized polyethylene modified wax and naphtha; and aerosol paint lacquers comprising nitrocellulose, isopropyl alcohol, methyl-butyl methacrylate, titanium dioxide, dibutyl phthalate, toluene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium montmorillonite, mixed oxidized polyethylene modified wax, polymerized castor oil, trichlorofluoromethane and dichlorodifluoromethane.
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by malignant CD4+ T-cells that infiltrate the skin. While most cases are confined to skin, CTCL is also capable of affecting the blood, lymph nodes, and visceral organs. Sézary Syndrome (SS) is a leukemic variant of the disease with a poor prognosis and can arise with or without cutaneous involvement. The pathogenesis of CTCL is poorly understood, but chronic antigen stimulation possibly due to a bacterial or viral infection or colonization of the skin may lead to malignant transformation of the skin resident T cells. Colonization of the skin of CTCL patients with Staphylococcus aureus is common and can lead to the clonal expansion of malignant T cells in the skin. However, its role as an etiological agent is unlikely, considering commonality of S.aureus and rarity of the skin T-cell lymphomas. Mounting evidence suggests that oncogenic viral pathogen may play a role, but all efforts to implicate certain viruses, such as retroviruses or herpesviruses have yielded inconsistent results. This study will use the most sensitive method to date, a novel viral detection technique capable of detecting every known vertebrate virus in tissue samples, called "Virome Capture Sequencing Platform for Vertebrate Viruses (VirCapSeq-VERT)." This allows it to detect previously undiscovered viruses that diverge from known sequences by as much as 40%.
The invention discloses methods and compositions useful for facilitating neuronal regeneration and functional recovery in neurodegenerative diseases. The methods and compositions utilize ligands for the sigma receptor, wherein the ligand is preferably AGY-94806, or salts, or solvates thereof. These molecules can be delivered alone or in combination with agents which treat or prevent neurodegenerative diseases such as those caused by multiple sclerosis (MS). In other methods, the sigma receptor ligands are administered after induced MS occurrence to facilitate functional recovery. The administration of the sigma receptor ligands causes faster functional recovery. Administration of the sigma receptor ligands of the invention reduces the pathological damage associated with severe neurological disorders such as MS, evidenced by an unexpectedly favorable and significant reduction of demyelination and axonal loss in the spinal cords of rats treated with AGY-94806 (0.3mg/kg).
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is the most potent known survival factor for substantia nigra neurons, which degenerate in Parkinson's disease, for spinal motoneurons, which die in Lou Gehrig's disease, and for Purkinje neurons, the critical outflow cells of the cerebellum. Moreover, targeted deletion of the GDNF gene results in renal dysgenesis and abnormal development of the enteric nervous system. GDNF mRNA is expressed in a complex temporospatial pattern in the central nervous system and the periphery, consistent with these observations. To elucidate mechanisms regulating the pattern of expression of GDNF, the promoter for the human gene has been cloned and characterized. The promoter is highly GC rich, and lacks canonical CCAT-box and TATA-box motifs. It contains more than twelve binding sites for known transcription factors. These cis-elements exhibit the potential to interact with factors regulating constitutive expression (Sp1) and developmental expression (bHLH). Moreover, the promoter contains sites for binding transcription factors which respond to environmental signals, including CREB, AP2, Zif/268, NFkB, and MRE-BP. Combinatorial actions of these transcription factors account for the extraordinarily complex expression patterns of the GDNF gene.
According to main hypothesis VIP is not expected to induce headache. VIP also causes marked vasodilation visible to investigator, which is why VIP is chosen as an active comparator. VIP (10 pmol/kg/min) is infused over 20 minutes. VIP is infused over 20 minutes, patients are observed before (15 minutes), during and after (70 minutes) infusion. Blood samples are drawn at fixed time-points.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Among the characteristics that appear in the epidermis of the skin, erythema is primarily evaluated through qualitative scales, such as visual assessment (VA). However, VA is not ideal because it relies on the experience and skill of dermatologists. In this study, we propose a new evaluation method based on hyperspectral imaging (HSI) to improve the accuracy of erythema diagnosis in clinical settings and investigate the applicability of HSI to skin evaluation.
METHODS: For this study, 23 subjects diagnosed with atopic dermatitis were recruited. The inside of the right arm is selected as the target area and photographed using a hyperspectral camera (HS). Subsequently, based on the erythema severity visually assessed by a dermatologist, the severity classification performance of the RGB and HS images is compared.
RESULTS: Erythema severity is classified as high when using (i) all reflectances of the entire HSI band and (ii) a combination of color features (R of RGB, a* of CIEL*a*b*) and five selected bands through band selection. However, as the number of features increases, the amount of calculation increases and becomes inefficient; therefore, (ii), which uses only seven features, is considered to perform classification more efficiently than (i), which uses 150 features.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, we demonstrate that HSI can be applied to erythema severity classification, which can further increase the accuracy and reliability of diagnosis when combined with other features observed in erythema. Additionally, the scope of its application can be expanded to various studies related to skin pigmentation.
Nausea and vomiting are common complaints in the emergency department (ED). There are many pharmacologic agents used for the treatment of these complaints. None are new nor experimental. Very little research has been done in the ED setting to determine which of these agents is most effective with the least adverse effects. Our own previous research found that droperidol but not prochlorperazine and metoclopramide is more effective than placebo. Because of the recent FDA black box warning added to droperidol, the use of this agent has suddenly ceased in many EDs. Promethazine remains a very commonly used antiemetic in many EDs but one recent study found it less effective than prochlorperazine which was in turn found no more effective than placebo in our own study. As a result many physicians have turned to ondansetron, a newer and more expensive agent. Experience among anesthesiologists and oncologists has shown ondansetron to be highly effective with a minimum of adverse effects. These patient populations, however, are very different from those found in the ED. It is our hypothesis that promethazine and ondansetron are equally effective for the ED treatment of unselected patients with nausea and vomiting with similar rates of adverse effects.
A new vankomycin hydrochloride is described, substantially free of impurities known in commercially available products. Under the expression "substantially free of impurities", purity of vankomycin hydrochloride is characterised, amounting between ca. 97% to ca. 99%, especially between ca. 98% to ca. 99%, preferentially ca. 99%, as determined with the HPLC analytical method in accordance with instructions from U.S.P., NF 27th revison, 22 (2004). The new pure vankomycin hydrochloride (vankomycin B                                                 hydrochloride) contains less than 0,7% total impurities or only one impurity exceeds 0,3%. A new purification procedure of raw vankomycin by means of displacement chromatography is also described to obtain the desired pure antibiotic according to the invention, based on the finding that high purity of vankomycin hydrochloride according to the procedure from the invention is obtained by using a selected narrow pH range 3,9 to 4,2 of the mobile phase. Vankomycin hydrochloride is a known antibiotic used in                                          therapy for treatment of severe staphylococcal infections, especially with methycillin resistant staphylococcus strains.
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, in particular to oncology, can be used in the treatment of disseminated gastric cancer. The treatment is carried out in 3 stages. After verification of limited peritoneal carcinomatosis with PCI less than 7, 4 courses of chemotherapy are carried out according to the FLOT scheme, and in the presence of positive dynamics according to laparoscopy, the surgical stage of treatment is performed. 4 weeks after the end of chemotherapy, surgery is performed in the volume of gastrectomy with extended D2 lymphadenectomy. Then, two 11 mm trocars are inserted into the mesogastrium, layer-by-layer suturing of the laparotomic wound is performed, carboperitoneum 12 mm Hg is applied. A laparoscope is inserted into one of the trocars, a mechanical nozzle is connected to a high-pressure injector using an infusion line and introduced into an additional trocar and the supply of chemotherapy solutions in the form of an aerosol is started. Therapeutic pneumoperitoneum is maintained for 30 minutes at 37 degrees. 4 weeks after the operation, in the absence of severe postoperative complications and other contraindications, the patients undergo 4 more courses of polychemotherapy according to the FLOT scheme.EFFECT: method provides stable stabilization and partial resorption of tumor foci in incurable patients, which implies improvement of long-term results due to long-term maintenance of therapeutic pneumoperitoneum and direct action of drugs on tumor cells with reaching maximum concentration in tumor-affected foci without systemic toxicity.1 cl, 1 dwg, 1 ex
Group 2 are participants without metabolic abnormality in the monitor group. Group 2 use the monitoring device with three months.
The present invention relates to a method for rapid detection of a Respirato ry Syncytial virus (RS virus) related biological cell and/or biological particl e contained in a body fluid sample. The method is used for rapidly diagnosing a condition in an individual resulting from an infection by a RS virus. The method comprises the further steps of detecting a plurality of infection and/or inflammatory response agents, preferably cytokines, and performing a profile of such agents. The profile is a further indication of the condition being diagnosed. The method for detecting a plurality of infection response agents, preferably cytokines, includes the step of performing a profile of such agents. In particular the invention relates to a dip stick or like devi ce for rapid detection.
A translational prospective experimental study in the delivery ward in Linköping. The study population will include women in two BMI groups (underweight/normal weight and overweight/obese) during first stage of labor with singleton full term pregnancy and cephalic presentation.The BMI is calculated from weight and height registered at the first antenatal visit around week 8-12. At the delivery ward, if the women are in need of labor augmentation with oxytocin infusion, a peripheral venous catheter will be placed in the contralateral arm from the arm where oxytocin will be administrated. The oxytocin infusion will be prepared to a concentration of 10 mU/ml and will be given according to a standardized protocol or to an infusion level giving maximum of 5 uterine contractions per 10 minutes. Blood samples for measuring plasma levels of oxytocin will be taken prior to start and before every increase in the rate of oxytocin infusion. The blood samples will be collected through the first stage of labor.
Direct administration of chemotherapy and other agents into the fourth ventricle of the brain is a novel approach to treating recurrent malignant posterior fossa brain tumors in children. Candidates for this treatment approach include patients with recurrent medulloblastoma, ependymoma, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, and potentially other neoplasms that originate in the fourth ventricle or elsewhere in the posterior fossa. In this chapter, the authors first explain the rationale for considering fourth ventricular drug infusions in patients with recurrent malignant posterior fossa tumors. We then summarize the results of translational experiments conducted in piglets and non-human primates that demonstrated safety and favorable pharmacokinetics. These translational experiments led to several pilot human clinical trials, and the results of these trials are reviewed. Finally, currently open clinical trials testing infusion of various agents into the fourth ventricle are discussed, and thoughts about potential future directions are shared.
The invention discloses colorectal cancer biomarkers and applications thereof in diagnosis, prevention, treatment and prognosis. The present invention also discloses different single cell characteristics of blood and subpopulations of intestinal ILCs in healthy conditions and colorectal cancer. A healthy intestinal tract consists of ILC1s, ILC3s, and ILC3s/NK, but no ILC2 s. Additional tumor-specific subsets of ILC1s and ILC2s were determined in CRC patients. The present invention also discloses that SLAMF1 was selectively expressed on tumor-specific ILCs and higher levels of SLAMF1+ ILCs were observed in the blood of CRC patients. Survival of patients with rectal cancer in the high SLAMF1 group was significantly higher than in the low SLAMF1 group, indicating SLAMF1 is an anti-tumor biomarker in CRC. The invention also discloses the use of unsupervised hierarchical clustering methods to study the supportive ILCs heterogeneity in blood, normal mucosal and intestinal tumors during homeostasis and CRC. The biomarker can be used for effectively diagnosing, preventing, treating, prognostically evaluating and predicting the survival rate of CRC.
A trapezoid-shaped electrode (TSE) is used for detecting epileptogenicity in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). However, the utility and safety associated with TSE placement have not been reported. In this study, we evaluated the safety and usefulness of TSE by analyzing the seizure detection, surgical outcomes and complications in patients with TLE who underwent intracranial electrodes (ICE) placement. Between April 2000 and August 2019, 50 patients with TLE who underwent 51 ICE placement procedures were examined. A TSE with eight contacts covering the parahippocampal gyrus and basal temporal lobe was used. Among the 37 patients who underwent TSE placement, 26 and 11 patients were diagnosed with mesial TLE (mTLE) and extra-mTLE, respectively. The 14 remaining patients without TSE placement were diagnosed with extra-mTLE. Seizure freedom was achieved in 73% (19/26) of mTLE patients detected by TSE and 50% (14/24) of extra-mTLE patients.Good seizure outcomes (Engel class I and II) were observed in 81% (21/26) patients with mTLE and 67% (16/24) patients with extra-mTLE. Radiographic complications were observed in 20% (10/50) patients who underwent ICE placement. Although 6% (3/50) patients showed transient neurological deficits, none were permanent. The electrodes responsible for the occurrence of complications included nine grid electrodes and one TSE. The complication rate after TSE placement was 3% (1/37). More than 64 electrode contacts and male sex, not TSE placement, were identified as significant risk factors for developing complications. This study demonstrated the usefulness and safety of TSE for evaluating mTLE in patients undergoing ICE placement.
PURPOSE: Achromatopsia (ACHM) is an autosomal recessive retinal disease associated with reduced or absent cone function. There is debate regarding the extent to which cone structure shows progressive degeneration in patients with ACHM. Here, we used optical coherence tomography (OCT) images to evaluate outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness and ellipsoid zone (EZ) integrity over time in individuals with ACHM.
METHODS: Sixty-three individuals with genetically confirmed ACHM with follow-up ranging from about 6 months to 10 years were imaged using either Bioptigen or Cirrus OCT. Foveal cone structure was evaluated by assessing EZ integrity and ONL thickness.
RESULTS: A total of 470 OCT images were graded, 243 OD and 227 OS. The baseline distribution of EZ grades was highly symmetrical between eyes (P = 0.99) and there was no significant interocular difference in baseline ONL thickness (P = 0.12). The EZ grade remained unchanged over the follow-up period for 60 of 63 individuals. Foveal ONL thickness showed a clinically significant change in only 1 of the 61 individuals analyzed, although detailed adaptive optics imaging revealed no changes in cone density in this individual.
CONCLUSIONS: ACHM appears to be a generally stable condition, at least over the follow-up period assessed here. As cones are the cellular targets for emerging gene therapies, stable EZ and ONL thickness demonstrate therapeutic potential for ACHM, although other aspects of the visual system need to be considered when determining the best timing for therapeutic intervention.
A method for producing granules containing a core particle by using a general granulation method is provided. Granules containing a core particle produced by the method are provided. In addition, a pharmaceutical composition and preparation containing the granules containing the core particle are provided. The granulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention granulates by splaying granulation liquid having a mist diameter (D50) not more than the particle size (D50) of the core particle on a mixture containing a drug substance and a core particle. The granulation liquid may be water. The particle size of the core particle (D50) may be larger than the particle size (D50) of the drug substance.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bone resorption inhibitor comprising a processed product of kale and an extract of soybean embryo, Spirulina and/or calcium-containing material; and to provide a food containing the bone resorption inhibitor.  <P>SOLUTION: The bone resorption inhibitor comprises the processed product of the kale, the extract of the soybean embryo, and the Spirulina and/or the calcium-containing material. The food contains the bone resorption inhibitor. The bone resorption inhibitor and the food containing the bone resorption inhibitor have excellent bone resorption-inhibiting activities. The bone resorption inhibitor has high palatability and can be applied to various kinds of foods.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
A stable oily vitamin emulsion suitable for intravenous injection comprises the vitamin and lecithin dispersed in water, the dispersed particles being predominantly of a diameter in the range 0,1-0,5 microns, and is prepared by admixing a solution of the vitamin in an aliphatic alcohol containing not more than 4 carbon atoms with a solution of lecithin, suitably soy bean or egg lecithin, in a volatile organic solvent, and water, emulsifying by agitation, and removing the organic solvents by evaporation under reduced pressure. Vitamins A, D, E, K1 or K1 oxide are specified, propanol and isopropanol being the preferred solvents therefor.  Lecithin solvents are chloroform, ethyl ether, petroleum ether.  The agitation (stirring) should be continued until a temperature of 43-45 DEG C. is reached, whereupon the emulsion is cooled to 5 DEG C. and evaporated at 1-5 mm. Hg. to a final temperature of 45-50 DEG C., preferably in two stages.  The emulsion may be diluted with water, and may be sterilized by autoclaving at 120 DEG C.  Volume ratios of vitamin: organic solvents: water range from 1 : 1 : 2 to 1 : 5 : 12.