anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: Surgical treatment of brainstem cavernous malformations (CMs) is challenging. Surgery using the endoscopic transsphenoidal transclival approach (eTSTCA) is reported as a useful alternative for ventral brainstem CMs. However, CMs located in the ventral midline of the brainstem are rare, and only a small number of case reports on these CMs treated with the eTSTCA exist. The efficacy and safety of the eTSTCA have not yet been fully examined.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed for 5 consecutive patients who underwent surgery via the eTSTCA for treating ventral pontine CMs.
RESULTS: The average maximum CM diameter was 26.0 mm (18-38 mm). All patients underwent MR-diffusion tensor imaging, which confirmed that the corticospinal tract (CST) deviated posteriorly or laterally to the CM. Direct brainstem cortical stimulation was performed to localize the CST before making the cortical incision. After the excision of the CM, the cavity was filled with artificial CSF to make an aqueous surgical field (wet-field technique) for observing the tumor cavity and confirming complete hemostasis and resection. Total removal was achieved in all patients. The preoperative modified Rankin Scale score was 3 in 3 patients and 4 in 2 patients, whereas it was 1 in 2 patients and 0 in 3 patients 3 months after surgery. Postoperative CSF leakage was observed in 1 patient, and transient abducens nerve palsy was observed in 1 patient. No other intra- or postoperative complications were observed.
CONCLUSIONS: MR-diffusion tensor imaging and direct brainstem cortical stimulation were useful to ascertain the proximity of the CST to the CM. The endoscope provides a clear view even underwater, and it was safe and effective to observe the entire CM cavity and confirm complete hemostasis without additional retraction of the brainstem parenchyma, including the CST. The eTSTCA provides a direct access point to the lesion and may be a safer alternative treatment for patients whose CST deviates laterally or posteriorly to the CM.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a preparation for external use for skin which can give a desired sense of touch, for example, enhances a sense of touch by a warm sense-giving substance, and give an enough warm sense to a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent-containing preparation for external use for skin even if the substance is included at a predetermined amount, by including a substance which gives a desired sense of touch and a substance which gives a contrasting sense of touch at a specific ratio. SOLUTION: This preparation is obtained by including (A) a substance which gives a desired sense of touch and (B) a substance which gives a contrasting sense of touch at a weight ratio of (1:0.1)-(1:0.0001). Preferably the combination of these senses is a warm sense and a refreshing sense ad/or a cool sense. Preferably the warm sense-giving substance is a combination of at least two substances from red pepper such as capsaicin and capsicoside. Preferably the refreshing sense-giving substance is 1-menthol, isopulegol, or the like. Preferably the combination of the warm sense-giving substance and the refreshing sense- giving substance is a combination of capsaicin and 1-menthol, or the like.
This is a phase I pilot study of microdevice implantation and retrieval in patients with primary bladder cancer. The microdevice is 5x1mm and can be deployed using a biopsy needle placed percutaneously using imaging guidance. The purpose of the microdevice is to measure local intratumor response to antitumor medications in patients with primary bladder cancer. The microdevice contains multiple, separate reservoirs that are each loaded with a specific drug or drug combination.

Candidate patients will first be evaluated based on a CT or MRI, obtained as part of clinical care, and a physician who will determine whether the target lesion is amenable for microdevice implantation. Microdevice implantation will occur via cystoscopy using a flexible grasper (similar to that used for ureteral stent removal). Several independent microdevices will be placed per patient and target lesion. After implantation, the reservoirs release microdoses of each drug allowing the drug to interact with the tumor tissue in its native microenvironment. After device removal and before pathologic analysis, a repeat plain film X-ray of the bladder will be obtained to evaluate for microdevice migration. The microdevice(s) will be removed along with the target tumor as part of standard-of-care surgical excision. The tumor tissue surrounding the device will undergo pathologic and molecular analysis to assess local drug efficacy for each reservoir. These analyses will explore the impact of drug treatment on local cellular processes (e.g., apoptosis, pathway signaling).

The investigators will also investigate preliminary correlations between drug response as assessed by the microdevice and clinical outcomes and response to therapy. Collectively, these studies will establish the feasibility of clinical application of a drug-sensitivity microdevice in bladder cancer and the capacity of such a device to predict systemic response to cancer therapeutics.
Exposure to blast overpressure has been a pervasive feature of combat-related injuries. Studies exploring the neurological correlates of repeated low-level blast exposure in career "breachers" demonstrated higher levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin (IL)-6 and decreases in IL-10 within brain-derived extracellular vesicles (BDEVs). The current pilot study was initiated in partnership with the U.S. Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) to explore whether neuroinflammation is seen within special operators with prior blast exposure. Data were analyzed from 18 service members (SMs), inclusive of 9 blast-exposed special operators with an extensive career history of repeated blast exposures and 9 controls matched by age and duration of service. Neuroinflammation was assessed utilizing positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with [18F]DPA-714. Serum was acquired to assess inflammatory biomarkers within whole serum and BDEVs. The Blast Exposure Threshold Survey (BETS) was acquired to determine blast history. Both self-report and neurocognitive measures were acquired to assess cognition. Similarity-driven Multi-view Linear Reconstruction (SiMLR) was used for joint analysis of acquired data. Analysis of BDEVs indicated significant positive associations with a generalized blast exposure value (GBEV) derived from the BETS. SiMLR-based analyses of neuroimaging demonstrated exposure-related relationships between GBEV, PET-neuroinflammation, cortical thickness, and volume loss within special operators. Affected brain networks included regions associated with memory retrieval and executive functioning, as well as visual and heteromodal processing. Post hoc assessments of cognitive measures failed to demonstrate significant associations with GBEV. This emerging evidence suggests neuroinflammation may be a key feature of the brain response to blast exposure over a career in operational personnel. The common thread of neuroinflammation observed in blast-exposed populations requires further study.
OBJECTIVE: Whether angiotensin II blockade is an effective medical treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) has not been established. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the association between angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) prescription and AAA growth and events.
DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched from their inception to 4 January 2024, with no language restrictions.
REVIEW METHODS: The five databases were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies reporting the association between ACEi or ARB prescription and AAA growth, repair, or rupture. The primary outcome was AAA growth, with secondary outcomes of AAA rupture, AAA repair, and AAA related events (rupture and repair combined). Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias 2 tool for RCTs and with a modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational studies. Certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Random effects models were used for meta-analyses.
RESULTS: Eleven studies (two RCTs, eight observational studies, and one meta-analysis of individual patient data from seven populations) involving 58 022 patients were included. ACEi prescription was not associated with a statistically significant reduction in AAA growth (standard mean difference 0.01 mm/year, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.26 - 0.28; p = .93; I2 = 98%) or AAA repair (odds ratio [OR] 0.73, 95% CI 0.50 - 1.09; p = .65; I2 = 61%), but was associated with a statistically significantly lower risk of AAA rupture (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.81 - 0.93; p < .001; I2 = 26%) and AAA related events (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.72 - 0.95; p = .006; I2 = 80%). ARB prescription was not associated with significantly reduced AAA growth or a lower risk of AAA related events. The two RCTs had a low risk of bias, with one observational study having low, seven moderate, and one high risk of bias. All of the findings had a very low certainty of evidence based on the GRADE analysis.
CONCLUSION: There was no association between ACEi or ARB prescription and AAA growth, but ACEi prescription was associated with a reduced risk of AAA rupture and AAA related events with very low certainty of evidence.
Schizophrenia is a disabling mental disorder that causes hallucinations and delusions in those affected by it. Research has proven that certain treatment methods are more effective in treating schizophrenia than others. However, not everyone with schizophrenia responds to treatment in the same way, and not all physicians use the same treatment methods. Educating individuals with schizophrenia about all treatments available instead of only the treatments they are receiving may improve the quality of care and lead to better correlation between treatment and quality standards. This study will evaluate the effectiveness of an interactive educational website in enhancing discussions about treatment issues and improving the congruence between expected quality of treatment and treatment received among people with schizophrenia.

Participants in this open label study will be randomly assigned to either use the interactive website or read written materials and watch a video. All three sources will contain information about evidence-based treatment recommendations. Both groups will complete a brief interview before performing their assigned tasks. Upon completion of the interview, participants in the written materials/video group will be given the reading material and will watch a 20-minute video. Participants in the web-user group will sit with a laptop computer, answer questions about themselves and their treatment, receive feedback on care that may be inconsistent with current recommendations, and receive suggestions on how to discuss this with their physicians. Participants in clinical settings will be asked to allow their next clinician visit to be audiotaped to assess outcomes. A phone interview will be conducted with all participants 2 months following the intervention to assess treatment satisfaction and other outcomes. Medical records will be reviewed to collect treatment information 6 months before and after the intervention.
The test device, LASBEAU Strong, was developed for the purpose of temporary improvement of facial nose and lip wrinkles, which is the same indication as the control device, and has a hyaluronic acid structure similar to that of Restylane® Lyft Lidocaine, and was developed using the same crosslinker, 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether. The test device, LASBEAU Strong, has a higher content of hyaluronic acid than the control device, Restylane® Lyft Lidocaine, but the clinical efficacy cannot be evaluated as superior because of the high content of hyaluronic acid. This is because, in addition to the content of hyaluronic acid, differences in the manufacturing process can affect the physicochemical properties and decomposition period.
FIELD: medicine, immunology. SUBSTANCE: method involves an isolation of mononuclear cells for two stages. Leukosuspension is obtained at the first stage and then mononuclear cells were isolated from the suspension. Erythrocytes were subjected for two-fold washing off and modified by binding with cytokins combination and given back to patient. Before administration cells cultured with interleukin-2 the suppurative cavity is washed with solution containing cytokins combination obtained by culturing mononuclear cells with interleukin-2. Method is used for treatment of patients with suppurative-septic processes. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the severity and morphology of heterotopic ossification in the spinal ligaments including sacroiliac (SI) joints, and serum interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels in patients with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) with or without diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), as well as a non-OPLL group.
METHODS: A total of 103 patients with OPLL [DISH (-), n = 50; DISH (+), n = 53] and 53 age- and gender-matched controls were included. The serum levels of IL-17 were analysed, and the severity of ectopic ossification and the morphology of ectopic bone formation were evaluated. The SI joint morphological variations were categorized into four types.
RESULTS: No significant differences were found in serum IL-17 levels between the OPLL and control groups. However, the DISH (+) group showed higher IL-17 levels than the DISH (-) group, especially in female patients (P = 0.003). Additionally, IL-17 levels were positively correlated with the number of flat vertebral units, this being one of the characteristic DISH ossification types (R2 = 0.199, P = 0.012). IL-17 levels in the type showing bridging osteophyte and bone fusion were significantly higher in the DISH (+) group than in the DISH (-) group.
CONCLUSION: The morphological characteristics of paravertebral bone formation in the entire spine, including the SI joint, are likely associated with serum IL-17 levels in OPLL. These findings provide pathological and serological evidence of local inflammation contributing to paravertebral ossification of OPLL patients.
UNLABELLED: Malignant central airway stenosis is treated with airway stent placement, but post-placement microbial characteristics remain unclear. We studied microbial features in 60 patients post-stent placement, focusing on changes during granulation tissue proliferation. Samples were collected before stent (N = 29), after stent on day 3 (N = 20), and after granulation tissue formation (AS-GTF, N = 43). Metagenomic sequencing showed significant respiratory tract microbiota changes with granulation tissue. The microbiota composition, dominated by Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria, was similar among the groups. At the species level, the AS-GTF group exhibited significant differences, with Peptostreptococcus stomatis and Achromobacter xylosoxidans enriched. Analysis based on tracheoesophageal fistula presence identified Tannerella forsythia and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia as the main differential species, enriched in the fistula subgroup. Viral and fungal detection showed Human gammaherpesvirus 4 and Candida albicans as the main species, respectively. These findings highlight microbiota changes after stent placement, potentially associated with granulation tissue proliferation, informing stent placement therapy and anti-infective treatment optimization.
IMPORTANCE: Malignant central airway stenosis is a life-threatening condition that can be effectively treated with airway stent placement. However, despite its clinical importance, the microbial characteristics of the respiratory tract following stent insertion remain poorly understood. This study addresses this gap by investigating the microbial features in patients with malignant central airway stenosis after stent placement, with a specific focus on microbial changes during granulation tissue proliferation. The findings reveal significant alterations in the diversity and structure of the respiratory tract microbiota following the placement of malignant central airway stents. Notably, certain bacterial species, including Peptostreptococcus stomatis and Achromobacter xylosoxidans, exhibit distinct patterns in the after-stent granulation tissue formation group. Additionally, the presence of tracheoesophageal fistula further influences the microbial composition. These insights provide valuable references for optimizing stent placement therapy and enhancing clinical anti-infective strategies.
The radial approach is favored for coronary angiography due of several advantages: reduction of local bleeding risk, even in the most hemorragiparic situations, decreased downtime and time reduction of hospitalization, improved patient ulterior comfort. However, this approach is subject to an immediate major complication that is the radial artery spasm (RAS) which, according to the criteria used, has an average incidence of 30%. The administration of a vasodilator just before coronary angiography procedure enables an increase of the radial artery diameter and thus a decrease of friction probes. Theoretically this prevents the occurrence of the RAS.

The literature re-counts several vasodilator product tests (DN calcic blocker, magnesium sulfate, alpha-adrenergic antagonist ...) and various routes of administration (direct intravenous route (IV), subcutaneous injected route, direct intra-arterial route (IA)). Overall intra-arterial DN appears to be more efficient. The downside is a brief, painful thermal sensation but intense and notably unpleasant. IV injection is better tolerated but it was a direct injection and without proof of its superiority over IA. The para-radial subcutaneous injection has only been studied to facilitate access to the radial artery. The investigators randomized study compares, for the first time, the effectiveness of the transdermal administration of trinitrine (D) and continuous intravenous of dinitrate isosorbide (V) to dinitrate isosorbide intraarterial (A) standard.
PURPOSE: A peptide which suppresses interaction of Chk1 and HJURP proteins and an anticancer agent containing the same are provided to suppress binding force between the proteins. CONSTITUTION: A peptide which suppresses interaction of Chk1 and HJURP proteins contains 7 serial amino acids of sequence number 1(PNKTLSV). The peptide contains an amino acid of sequence number 2(APNKTLSVNKMV). An anticancer agent contains the peptide as an active ingredient. The anticancer agent targets cancer in which Chk1 and HJURP proteins are overexpressed. The anticancer agent further includes radiation, camptothecin(CPT), or hydroxyurea(HU).
Background: A number of studies evaluating unilateral continuous paravertebral block demonstrate equal or superior analgesia when compared to epidural analgesia for postoperative pain control (1-7). At the same time, these studies show a decreased incidence of side effects and complications, including: hypotension, pulmonary complications, urinary retention, nausea and vomiting and failed blocks. Several studies also indicate that bilateral paravertebral blocks provide adequate postoperative analgesia (8-14). However, no study has been performed to date that shows a direct comparison between epidural and bilateral paravertebral blocks in patients undergoing open liver resection.Objectives: This prospective, randomized study is intended to assess the efficacy and safety of bilateral continuous paravertebral blocks compared to continuous epidural block for open liver resection. Hypotheses: Bilateral paravertebral blocks are: 1) equally effective in controlling the perioperative pain; and 2) safe, with less frequent complications following open liver resection when compared to continuous epidural block.Methods: A hundred adult patients undergoing elective open liver resection will be randomized to receive a continuous epidural block or continuous bilateral paravertebral blocks for perioperative analgesia. The primary outcome will be the degree of pain control measured by visual analog scale at 24 hours post surgery (at rest and while the patient is performing maximum incentive spirometry). The secondary outcomes will include: 1) Assessment of pain (at rest, with cough, and with ambulation) using the verbal numerical pain scale will be performed postoperatively every 8 hours by floor nursing staff until discharge. During the night the patient will not be awakened for pain assessment. 2) Intravenous opioid requirement: In addition to pain score, postoperative intravenous opioid requirements \[hydromorphone (mg)\] will also be recorded daily; Frequency of side effects and complications; and other functional status (volume of maximum incentive spirometry, time to extubation, total time for initial ambulation, the length of the hospital stay, time to return of bowel function, readiness for discharge from the hospital, and length of hospital stay). At one month post surgery, health-related quality of life, mortality, and any morbidities will be assessed. Each variable will be compared between the paravertebral group and the epidural group to examine the hypotheses above. Clinical Implications: Bilateral continuous paravertebral blocks could be an equally effective and safe alternative to a continuous epidural block for perioperative pain management in patients who undergo open liver resection.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world which ranks fourth in cancer deaths. Primary pathological necrosis is an effective prognostic indicator for hepatocellular carcinoma. We propose a GCN-based approach that mimics the pathologist's perspective for global assessment of necrosis tissue distribution to analyze patient survival. Specifically, we introduced a graph convolutional neural network to construct a spatial map with necrotic tissue and tumor tissue as graph nodes, aiming to mine the contextual information between necrotic tissue in pathological sections. We used 1381 slides from 303 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School to train the model and used TCGA-LIHC for external validation. The C-index of our method outperforms the baseline by about 4.45%, which proves that the information about the spatial distribution of necrosis learned by GCN is meaningful for guiding patient prognosis.
Participants will complete 6 mock shopping trips in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace, and be asked to spend their weekly tobacco budget. Cigarillos in the Marketplace will have one of three cigarillo warnings in the Surgeon General Text-Only format.
Gemfibrozil has been shown to produce adverse effects in rats and rabbits at doses between 0.5 and 3 times the human dose (based on surface area). There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Gemfibrozil should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. 

Administration of gemfibrozil to female rats at 2 times the human dose (based on surface area) before and throughout gestation caused a dose-related decrease in conception rate, an increase in stillborns and a slight reduction in pup weight during lactation. There were also dose-related increased skeletal variations. Anophthalmia occurred, but rarely. 

Administration of 0.6 and 2 times the human dose (based on surface area) of gemfibrozil to female rats from gestation day 15 through weaning caused dose-related decreases in birth weight and suppressions of pup growth during lactation.

Administration of 1 and 3 times the human dose (based on surface area) of gemfibrozil to female rabbits during organogenesis caused a dose-related decrease in litter size and, at the high dose, an increased incidence of parietal bone variations.
A1) Cytological screening in A1 and A3. Frequent information of screening results for cytology and/or HPV DNA at the ages of 22 (cytology only), 25 and 30.