anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
ZOHYDRO ER contains hydrocodone, a Schedule II controlled substance. As an opioid, ZOHYDRO ER exposes users to the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse [see Drug Abuse and Dependence (9)]. As modified-release products such as ZOHYDRO ER deliver the opioid over an extended period of time, there is a greater risk for overdose and death due to the larger amount of hydrocodone present. 

Although the risk of addiction in any individual is unknown, it can occur in patients appropriately prescribed ZOHYDRO ER and in those who obtain the drug illicitly. Addiction can occur at recommended doses and if the drug is misused or abused. 

Assess each patient’s risk for opioid addiction, abuse, or misuse prior to prescribing ZOHYDRO ER, and monitor all patients receiving ZOHYDRO ER for the development of these behaviors or conditions. Risks are increased in patients with a personal or family history of substance abuse (including drug or alcohol addiction or abuse) or mental illness (e.g., major depression). The potential for these risks should not, however, prevent the prescribing of ZOHYDRO ER for the proper management of pain in any given patient. Patients at increased risk may be prescribed modified-release opioid formulations such as ZOHYDRO ER, but use in such patients necessitates intensive counseling about the risks and proper use of ZOHYDRO ER along with intensive monitoring for signs of addiction, abuse, and misuse. 

Abuse or misuse of ZOHYDRO ER by crushing, chewing, snorting, or injecting the dissolved product will result in the uncontrolled delivery of the hydrocodone and can result in overdose and death [see Overdosage (10)]. 

Opioid agonists such as ZOHYDRO ER are sought by drug abusers and people with addiction disorders and are subject to criminal diversion. Consider these risks when prescribing or dispensing ZOHYDRO ER. Strategies to reduce these risks include prescribing the drug in the smallest appropriate quantity and advising the patient on the proper disposal of unused drug [see Patient Counseling Information (17)]. Contact local state professional licensing board or state controlled substances authority for information on how to prevent and detect abuse or diversion of this product.
NEW MATERIAL:A peptide of formula I [(A) and (D) are lower alkylene; (B) is NHCO, S, etc.; (E) is Val residue, Gly residue, etc.; (F) is His residue, Ala residue, etc.; (G) is Arg residue or Gln residue; l, m and n are 0 or 1; but when l is 0 and (A) is methylene, (D) is methylene or ethylene], a salt thereof and a complex thereof. EXAMPLE:A compound of formula II. USE:A Ca methabolism-improving drug effective for the treatment of hypercalcemia, analgetic, anti-ulcer drug, etc. The compound is highly dissolved in water, has excellent absorbability, persistence, stability and pharmacological activities and slightly has adverse effects such antigenicity. PREPARATION:By a conventional peptide synthesis method, individual amino acids are successively bonded to each other from a terminal amino acid to synthesize a chain-like polypeptide, and the free functional group of the N- terminal amino acid in the product is combined with the side functional group of the seventh amino acid or its analogous compound to close the peptide into the ring.
BACKGROUND: Giant calcified thoracic disk herniation (GCTD) is an uncommon event, which requires surgical treatment in less than 1% of patients. GCDTs are a specific subgroup of herniated thoracic disks occupying more than 40% of the spinal canal showing calcifications associated with a certain degree of ossification. In this paper, we are reporting our whole experience in the surgical management of GCTDs through anterior approaches. We believe that they present characteristics that associate them to the circumscribed type of ossified posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) with a possible common pathophysiology consisting in the dural violation.
METHODS: Twenty-three consecutive patients with GCDTs were managed through anterior approaches during the period 1996-2019 at the Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy. Clinical data, radiological features, surgical reports, histological findings, and outcomes were reviewed.
RESULTS: There was no mortality, whereas permanent morbidity consisted of 1 case of worsened paraparesis due to accidental spinal cord contusion. One patient required reoperation to repair a postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. All patients underwent postoperative MRI which showed excellent decompression of cord and dural sac in all cases. Histological study of en-bloc removed GCTD showed typical calcification patterns of the PLL.
CONCLUSIONS: GCDTs may be assimilated to the so-called "circumscribed type" of OPLL. The GCDTs may show the same radiological CT and MRI pattern of OPLL. The anterior accesses now represent the standard of care for GCTDs. The use of operative microscope and intraoperative monitoring is mandatory. The risk of CSF leakage can be markedly reduced by meticulous reconstruction of the dura and the placement of spinal drainage. Adequate exposition may sometimes require one or two levels of corpectomy with consequent vertebral body reconstruction and fixation of anterior column of the spine.
The minichromosome maintenance (MCM) protein is a component of an active helicase that is essential for the initiation of DNA replication. Dysregulation of MCM functions contribute to abnormal cell proliferation and genomic instability. The interactions of MCM with cellular factors, including Cdc45 and GINS, determine the formation of active helicase and functioning of helicase. The functioning of MCM determines the fate of DNA replication and, thus, genomic integrity. This complex is upregulated in precancerous cells and can act as an important tool for diagnostic applications. The MCM protein complex can be an important broad-spectrum therapeutic target in various cancers. Investigations have supported the potential and applications of MCM in cancer diagnosis and its therapeutics. In this article, we discuss the physiological roles of MCM and its associated factors in DNA replication and cancer pathogenesis.
This will be a single arm study of GSK2857916 administered with pomalidomide and dexamethasone. GSK2857916 will be administered intravenously either on Day 1 of each 28 day cycle (Single Dose) or on Days 1 and 8 (Split Dose) and up to 4 dose levels will be evaluated during the phase I portion. Pomalidomide will be administered orally on Days 1-21 at 4 mg. Dexamethasone will be administered orally at 40 mg for patients ≤ 75 years old or 20 mg for patients older than 75 on days 1, 8, 15, 22.
Patients randomized to placebo will receive an identical-appearing intravenous infusion of 100 ml of 5% dextrose in water every 6 hours for 5 days (20 doses). Note: This arm is now closed.
Two closed suctions drains will be placed near the pancreatic anastomosis or suture line. The drains will be removed on the 4th or 5th day if the amylase activity is not increased.
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model for predict in-hospital mortality among critically ill patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) combined with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
METHODS: After employing least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression for feature selection, six distinct methodologies were employed in the construction of the model. The selection of the optimal model was based on the area under the curve (AUC). Furthermore, the interpretation of the chosen model was facilitated through the utilization of SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) values and the Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) algorithm.
RESULTS: This study collected data and enrolled 5041 patients on CHF combined with CKD from 2008 to 2019, utilizing the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care Unit. After selection, 22 of the 47 variables collected post-intensive care unit admission were identified as mortality-associated and subsequently utilized in the development of ML models. Among the six models generated, the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model demonstrated the highest AUC at 0.837. Notably, the SHAP values highlighted the sequential organ failure assessment score, age, simplified acute physiology score II, and urine output as the four most influential variables in the XGBoost model. In addition, the LIME algorithm explains the individualized predictions.
CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our study accomplished the successful development and validation of ML models for predicting in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with CHF combined with CKD. Notably, the XGBoost model emerged as the most efficacious among all the ML models employed.
This disclosure relates to method and system determining a plurality of patient health indicators through a Machine Learning (ML) model (204). The method (300) includes receiving (302) visual data (216) corresponding to a set of medical devices associated with the patient through at least one image capturing device in real-time. The visual data (216) includes a unique Quick Response (QR) code associated with each of the set of medical devices. The method (300) further includes transforming (304) the visual data (216) into numerical data. The numerical data corresponds to a plurality of pixels in the visual data (216). The method (300) further includes determining (306), through the ML model (204), a set of physiological parameters based on the numerical data. The method (300) further includes identifying (308) the patient associated with the set of medical devices and the set of physiological parameters based on the unique QR code and a Hospital Information System (HIS).
There are three known IL-1 genes arranged in a cluster on human chromosome 2q13. Although the clinical application is still debatable, polymorphism in the IL-1 gene cluster was found to be associated with increased susceptibility to periodontal diseases. Conflicting studies demonstrate that a possible relationship between IL-1 genotype and clinical parameters of gingivitis may exist.This study will involve 15 subjects who are genotype positive and 15 subjects who are genotype negative.
Participants received chlorambucil 0.5 mg/kg orally on Day 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle (6 Cycles). Participants with Progressive Disease or within 6 months of follow-up were allowed to cross over to receive obinutuzumab + chlorambucil.
Patients will be programmed to DDD-50 first. After 3 months, patients will be programmed to AAI-DDD 50.
The invention provides a skin-care product, a preparing and using method of the skin-care product, a silica gel mask and a using method of the silica gel mask. The preparing method of the skin-care product includes the steps that raw materials for preparing the skin-care product are pretreated for preparation; particle energy surge treatment is carried out on the pretreated raw materials; the raw materials obtained after energy surge treatment are prepared into the skin-care product. The skin-care product is prepared through any preparing method provided by the invention. The silica gel mask is prepared through any method provided by the invention, and raw materials include silica gel. The using method of the silica mask includes the steps that substances to be absorbed are smeared on the face; the silica gel mask prepared through any preparing method provided by the invention is applied onto the face to act on the substances to be absorbed; by means of particle resonance in the silica gel mask, particles of the substances to be absorbed are split into smaller particles; after preset time duration is reached, the mask is taken down. By means of the scheme, the substances to be absorbed are absorbed more easily.
Subject will receive single oral dose of 150 milligram (mg) of Casopitant. There will be wash out period of 7 days.
The patients were asked to stretch for 20 s with the other hand with the shoulder in internal rotation, elbow in extension, forearm in pronation, wrist in flexion and ulnar deviation. In the first week, stretching exercises were recommended to be performed 3 sets a day, 5⨯20 s in one set and 45 s rest interval before strengthening exercises. Starting from the 2nd week of treatment, it will be requested to be performed 3 sets a day, 5⨯20 s in one set, 5⨯20 s before exercise and 5⨯20 s after exercise.
Vasoconstriction:

A vasoconstrictor assay in healthy subjects with ULTRAVATE lotion indicated that the formulation is in the super-high range of potency as compared to other topical corticosteroids; however, similar blanching scores do not necessarily imply therapeutic equivalence.

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis Suppression:

The potential for hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) suppression was evaluated in the following two studies. In both studies, the criteria for HPA-axis suppression was a serum cortisol level of less than or equal to 18 micrograms per deciliter 30 minutes after stimulation with cosyntropin (adrenocorticotropic hormone, ACTH). In the first study, ULTRAVATE lotion was applied to 20 adult subjects with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. A mean dose of 3.5 grams ULTRAVATE lotion was applied twice daily for two weeks and produced HPA axis suppression in 5 of 20 (25%) subjects. The effects of HPA axis suppression were reversible on retesting at least four weeks after discontinuation of the treatment. In the second study, ULTRAVATE lotion was applied to 16 adolescent subjects 12 years to less than 17 years of age with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis affecting a mean body surface area of 11.5% (range from 10% to 14%). The mean dose was 3.6 grams applied twice daily for two weeks. A subset of 14 of the 16 completed subjects had evaluable ACTH stimulation tests, and HPA axis suppression was observed in 1 of these 14 subjects (7%). In the second study also, the effects of HPA axis suppression were reversible on retesting at least four weeks after discontinuation of the treatment.
Anaemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with poor long-term outcomes and quality of life. The use of supplemental iron, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) and blood transfusions has been the mainstay for treatment of anaemia in CKD for more than 3 decades. Despite available treatments, CKD patients with anaemia are undertreated and moderate-severe anaemia remains prevalent in the CKD population. Anaemia has consistently been associated with greater mortality, hospitalization, cardiovascular events and CKD progression in CKD patients, and the risk increases with anaemia severity. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase (PH) inhibitors have a novel mechanism of action by mimicking the body's response to hypoxia and have emerged as an alternative to ESAs for treatment of anaemia in CKD. Their efficacy in correcting and maintaining haemoglobin has been demonstrated in >30 phase 3 clinical trials. Additionally, HIF activation results in various pleiotropic effects beyond erythropoiesis, with cholesterol reduction and improved iron homeostasis and potential anti-inflammatory effects. The long-term safety of these agents, particularly with respect to cardiovascular and thromboembolic events, and their possible effect on tumour growth needs to be fully elucidated. This article presents in detail the effects of HIF-PH inhibitors, describes their mechanisms of action and pharmacologic properties and discusses their place in the treatment of anaemia in CKD according to the available evidence.
PURPOSE: To assess the incidence of the most common intra- and early postoperative complications following RIRS in a large series of patients with kidney stones.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with kidney stones who underwent RIRS across 21 centers from January 2018 to August 2021, as part of the Global Multicenter Flexible Ureteroscopy Outcome (FLEXOR) Registry.
RESULTS: Among 6669 patients undergoing RIRS, 4.5% experienced intraoperative pelvicalyceal system bleeding without necessitating blood transfusion. Only 0.1% of patients, required a blood transfusion. The second most frequent intraoperative complication was ureteric injury due to the ureteral access sheath requiring stenting (1.8% of patients). Postoperatively, the most prevalent early complications were fever/infections requiring antibiotics (6.3%), blood transfusions (5.5%), and sepsis necessitating intensive care unit admission (1.3%). In cases of ureteric injury, a notably higher percentage of patients exhibited multiple stones and stone(s) in the lower pole, and these cases were correlated with prolonged lasing and overall surgical time. Hematuria requiring a blood transfusion was associated with an increased prevalence of larger median maximum stone diameters, particularly among patients with stones exceeding 20 mm. Furthermore, these cases exhibited a significant prolongation in surgical time. Sepsis necessitating admission to the intensive care unit was more prevalent among the elderly, concomitant with a significantly larger median maximum stone diameter.
CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis showed that RIRS has a good safety profile but bleeding requiring transfusions, ureteric injury, fever, and sepsis are still the most common complications despite advancements in technology.
Physical inactivity is associated with increased risk of co-morbidity and premature mortality. Given the rapid growth of mobile phone technology and the increasing number of users, the investigators developed an interactive mobile phone-based physical activity intervention for sedentary women. The investigators propose to conduct a randomized, controlled trial to assess the efficacy of the mobile phone-based physical activity intervention on increasing physical activity over a 3-month period. 192 sedentary women will be randomized in a 2-to-1 ratio to a 3-month mobile phone-based physical activity intervention group or to a control group. To provide insight into how best to maximize the potential for sustained physical activity after completion of the 3-month program, women in the intervention group who complete the physical activity program will be further randomized into a 6-month maintenance intervention-PLUS program (pedometer plus mobile phone diary) or to a 6-month maintenance intervention-REGULAR program (pedometer only). Unlike a conventional maintenance follow-up in which all subjects continue in their respective randomization arms, re-randomizing subjects into either a maintenance intervention-REGULAR group or a maintenance intervention-PLUS group will allow us to examine the "dose-response" of the maintenance methods if the intervention is effective.
Patients with an activating MAPK pathway gene mutation receive selumetinib sulfate PO BID on days 1-28. Cycles repeat every 28 days for 2 years in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
OBJECTIVE: To study the possibility of using methods (DP-3, speech therapy examination, neuropsychological study) to assess expressive speech development disorders in children aged 3 to 6 years inclusive.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 60 children with expressive speech disorder aged 3 to 6 years. At the initial stage, linguistic validation of the questionnaire was carried out according to generally accepted recommendations. Two Russian-speaking professional translators in the field of medicine performed a direct translation of the original English-language scale, a reverse translation was carried out by native speakers with medical education. At the final stage of validation, a study of the psychometric indicators of the developed Russian version was carried out.
RESULTS: A Russian-language version of DP-3 has been developed with a high level of reliability, internal consistency and sensitivity. The Pearson correlation coefficient in the test-retest DP3 reliability study was 0.8 (p<0.0001), which confirms the high level of stability of the scale to deviations. In the study of internal consistency in the domain «communicative development» DP-3, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.83 (p<0.0001), which indicates a high internal consistency for this domain of the Russian version of the DP-3 questionnaire. The values for the domain «communicative development» DP-3 significantly correlated with the results of the speech therapy examination. The values of the DP-3 «communicative development» domain significantly correlated with the indicators of the speech therapy examination.
CONCLUSION: It was demonstrated that the Russian version of the DP-3 questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool for assessing the level of development of speech communication in preschool children (3-6 years old). DP-3 can serve as a reliable tool for quantitative assessment of the dynamics of speech development against the background of therapeutic and correctional measures.
BACKGROUND: Myopia is prevalent in China; however, trials involving Chinese children wearing dual-focus soft contact lenses (DFSCL) are limited. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of DFSCL among Chinese school-age children.
METHODS: Sixty-four children aged 8-12 years with spherical equivalent refraction (SER) between - 0.75D and - 4.00D were recruited in this randomized controlled clinical study. The control group (32 subjects) wore single-vision spectacles (SVS), while the DFSCL group (32 subjects) wore daily disposable + 2.00 D defocus MiSight DFSCL. Follow-up examinations were performed every 3 months to compare the axial length (AL) growth and SER change between the groups for a period of 12 months by using the independent samples t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test. Statistical differences with a P < 0.05, when compared to the control group, are considered indicative of an effective intervention. Multivariate analysis and regression analysis were used to eliminate the effects of confounding factors on the results.
RESULTS: A total of 58 subjects, with 30 in the SVS group and 28 in the DFSCL group, completed the follow-up. After adjusting for baseline age, gender, AL and SER, AL growth was 0.33 ± 0.02 mm in the SVS group and 0.23 ± 0.03 mm in the DFSCL group (P = 0.004). SER change was - 0.53 ± 0.06 in the SVS group and - 0.44 ± 0.06 in the DFSCL group (P = 0.308). In the DFSCL group, AL and SER increased 0.11 mm and 0.09 D less than in the SVS group, respectively. Moreover, initial wear of DFSCL may cause occasional blurriness in near vision, and prolonged wear may lead to increased ocular discomfort symptoms such as dryness, itchiness, and foreign body sensation.
CONCLUSION: MiSight DFSCL showed a reduction in AL growth during the first three months of wear. However, no significant benefits were observed during the subsequent nine months. No significant differences in the changes of SER were found.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2200064731. Registered 15 October 2022, http://www.chictr.org.cn/.
Live vaccines are provided and methods for preparing the live vaccines for protection of a host from a pathogenic microorganism. The vaccines are prepared by introducing at least one modification in a gene involved in at least one, normally at least two, biosynthetic pathways, involving the production of products which are unlikely to be found in the disease susceptible host. The modification results in a gene change which cannot be repaired by a single step e.g. polynucleotide deletions and inversions. Where the aro gene suffers such a change, the resultant auxotrophic mutants require aromatic amino acids, p-aminobenzoic acid and 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid or a highly concentrated source of absorbable iron. The auxotrophic mutations have substantially reduced or nonexistent virulence, while retaining the desired immunogenicity to initiate the immunogenic response. Various techniques can be employed for providing the desired change. Salmonella typhimurium strain SL1479 was deposited at the ATCC on Sept. 7, 1982 and given ATCC Accession No. 39183; Salmonella dublin strain SL1438 was deposited on Sept. 7, 1982 at the ATCC and given ATCC Accession No. 39184. Salmonella typhi strain 531Ty was deposited at the ATCC on Nov. 21, 1984, and granted ATCC Accession No. 39926.