anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guidelines recommend pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) for individuals with COPD to improve exercise capacity and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and reduce symptoms of dyspnea. For cost-effectiveness in COPD care, PR is second only to smoking cessation. However, PR programs typically last 9-12 weeks. The benefits of PR in terms of exercise capacity and HRQOL often decrease toward pre-PR levels as early as 3-6 months after completing PR if patients do not continue to engage in exercise. This review will (1) briefly summarize the efficacy data that informed the 2023 American Thoracic Society (ATS) clinical practice guidelines for maintenance PR, (2) discuss exercise components of maintenance PR studied since 2020 when the last papers were included in the ATS guidelines, (3) explore future directions for delivery of maintenance PR using technology-mediated models, and (4) examine the need for behavior change techniques informed by theoretical models that underpin long-term behavior change. This review will focus on persons with COPD who have completed an out-patient core initial PR program as most of the data on maintenance PR have been published in this patient population. Core PR typically implies a facility-based initial intensive structured program. All patients who complete a core initial PR program should be counseled by PR staff at the discharge visit to engage in ongoing exercise. This usual care is equally as important as referral to a formal PR maintenance program. It is critical to emphasize that usual care after core initial PR means all patients should be supported to participate in regular ongoing exercise, regardless of whether supervised maintenance PR is available. Currently, the optimal frequency, exercise and/or physical activity content, and delivery mode for maintenance PR in persons with COPD and other chronic respiratory diseases remain unknown. Patient safety and degree of in-person supervision required due to the severity of the underlying lung disease need to be considered. Future research of maintenance PR should be underpinned by behavior change techniques. Finally, in the setting of finite resources, balancing the competing priorities of core initial programs with those of maintenance PR programs needs to be achieved.
The lung is highly gravity-dependent - it has little actual tissue mass and deforms under its own weight. This is relevant to astronauts in space, but is actually much more broadly important to life on Earth. Every time we change our posture - for example from lying to standing - the direction in which gravity acts across the lung changes. These postural effects can become clinically important in critically ill patients. Currently there is debate in the scientific world about how gravity actually influences lung function, and how it interacts with other factors such as the anatomical structure of the airways and blood vessels of the lung. New technology developed by researchers at the University of Oxford now has the potential to help answer some of these questions. This device uses a technique called laser absorption spectroscopy to make measurements of breathing gases that are much more accurate than previous techniques - it is able to count the number of oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapour molecules in and out while a person breathes. A non-invasive 15-minute breathing test with this technology provides information on the distributions of airflow and blood flow in the lungs, and it has been deployed successfully in the operating theatre and in intensive care units. This study aims to make comprehensive measurements of lung physiology under altered gravitational conditions and develop the technology and measurement techniques for possible future use in microgravity. This will include measurements of oxygen and carbon dioxide from the laser gas analyser (and measures of lung inhomogeneity obtained from these), lung mechanics and breathing drive.
Glioblastomas (GBM) are the most common type of primary malignant brain tumor with a very high rate of recurrence. The average survival of patients with GBM is 14 months, and the 5-year survival rate is approximately 4 to 5%. Identifying an imaging biomarker to predict recurrence is critical. Using a special MRI technique called diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), the investigators recently described a focus of isolated restricted diffusion (IRD) in a retrospective study. Presence of IRD was found in 40% of patients with GBM on index imaging and was associated with longer survival. The foci of IRD are not currently identified as having a tumor focus and are not included in treatment strategies and guidelines. The results from this pilot study will help plan for a larger well powered multicenter study that will help establish IRD as an imaging biomarker in the GBM management guidelines. The investigators hypothesize that IRD foci when present, are foci of GBM and when untreated, will be the site of recurrence.

This pilot study will use a prospective cohort study design, to establish the incidence of IRD on the index imaging of participants with GBM. Surgical samples will be collected from these foci to establish the histological and molecular signature to confirm GBM in these newly identified foci. The study population will include patients that present with newly diagnosed with GBM. All newly diagnosed GBM participants will be screened for the study using the study inclusion and exclusion criteria. After the standard of care MRI/DWI is done and reviewed, eligible participants will be approached by the research team, for discussion of the study and potential consent for participation. All participants will undergo further treatment and management as per institutional standard including the clinical and imaging follow up. Each MRI will be screened by experienced neuro-radiologists to identify the presence of isolated restricted diffusion foci. In those participants with isolated restricted diffusion foci on MRI, the neurosurgeon (on for the day) will assess the feasibility and safety of targeted biopsy from this focus. The targeted biopsy will only be considered when it is deemed safe and feasible based on the location and surgical approach, which will be determined by the neurosurgeon. This will reduce any undue risk for research purposes. The biopsy samples will undergo standard of care laboratory histopathological and molecular testing to establish the pathological and molecular signatures of these tumors. The neuropathologic examination will be performed by neuropathologists. Informed consent will be obtained from the patients to participate in the study.

The aim of this study is to establish a new imaging biomarker and to determine its association with known molecular alterations in GBM. The investigators will also explore the incidence of isolated restricted diffusion in GBM participants, the number of IRD foci that proceed to contrast enhancement on follow up, the true number of IRD foci, and the survival pattern of the study participants with isolated restricted diffusion.
A water-in-oil emulsion vaccine comprises a continuous oil phase, an aqueous, antigencontaining phase constituting less than 20% by volume of the vaccine and' an emulsifier in a quantity not less than half but at least 1/10th of the volume of the aqueous phase. The vaccine may be a clostridial vaccine e.g. Cl. tetani, Cl. perfringens, &c. or Br. abortus. The emulsifier may be a non-ionic surfactant and the oil may be a mineral oil.
It is required that pathological diagnosis and genetic profile including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and ROS proto-oncogene 1 (ROS1) be established prior to enrollment. Standard front line systemic should be given according to clinical practice. Molecular targeting drugs for patients with driving mutations should be acquired legally. Patients without driving mutations should undergo standard first line chemotherapy and or immunological checkpoint inhibitors. One cycle is three weeks and response evaluation is done every two cycles. CR, PR and SD should be confirmed after four cycles of therapy.

Patients, who achieve non-PD after four cycles of treatment, with distant metastasis involving no more than five total metastatic lesions, will be screened and enrolled.
Couples will receive Brief Cognitive-Behavioral Conjoint Therapy (B-CBCT) weekly. Prior to each session, the Veteran participant will self-administer intranasal oxytocin. The estimated length of treatment participation is 8 to 15 weeks. All procedures take place in the Veterans home via home-based clinical video teleconferencing (CVT).
Often associated with obesity, male infertility represents a widespread condition that challenges the wellbeing of the couple. In this article, we provide a comprehensive and critical analysis of studies exploring the association between obesity and male reproductive function, to evaluate the frequency of this association, and establish the effects of increased body weight on conventional and biofunctional sperm parameters and infertility. In an attempt to find possible molecular markers of infertility in obese male patients, the numerous mechanisms responsible for infertility in overweight/obese patients are reviewed in depth. These include obesity-related functional hypogonadism, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, chronic inflammation, adipokines, irisin, gut hormones, gut microbiome, and sperm transcriptome. According to meta-analytic evidence, excessive body weight negatively influences male reproductive health. This can occurr through a broad array of molecular mechanisms. Some of these are not yet fully understood and need to be further elucidated in the future. A better understanding of the effects of metabolic disorders on spermatogenesis and sperm fertilizing capacity is very useful for identifying new diagnostic markers and designing therapeutic strategies for better clinical management of male infertility.
Implantable medical devices having anti-restenotic coatings are disclosed. Specifically, implantable medical devices having coatings of certain anti-inflammatory agents, are disclosed. The anti-inflammatory agents are selected from the group consisting of Sanglifehrin A, Sanglifehrin B, Sanglifehrin C, Sanglifehrin D, and pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof. The anti-restenotic medical devices include stents, catheters, micro-particles, probes and vascular grafts. Intravascular stents are preferred medical devices. The medical devices can be coated using any method known in the art including compounding the anti-inflammatory agent with a biocompatible polymer prior to applying the coating. Moreover, medical devices composed entirely of biocompatible polymer-anti-inflammatory agent blends are disclosed. Additionally, medical devices having a coating comprising at least one anti-inflammatory agent in combination with at least one additional therapeutic agent are also disclosed. Furthermore, related methods of using and making the anti-restenotic implantable devices are also disclosed.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a medicine registration device and program, capable of reducing a burden of a doctor due to confirmation work.SOLUTION: A medicine registration device includes a microphone, speech recognition means, first storage means, reading means, second storage means, determination means, and notification means. The microphone inputs speech. The speech recognition means recognizes information related to medicines from the speech input from the microphone. The first storage means stores the medicines recognized by the speech recognition means. The reading means reads information for identifying the medicines. The second storage means stores the medicines read by the reading means. The determination means determines whether or not there is a difference between the medicines stored in the second storage means and the medicines stored in the first storage means. The notification means performs a notification when the determination means determines that there is a difference.
Introduction: Falls are a major global public health problem. Falls are the second leading cause of death from unintentional injuries in the world. The highest mortality rates correspond to 60 years old people. 20-30% suffer from moderate-serious injuries (hip fractures, head injuries...), that reduce mobility and independence, increasing the risk of premature death. Moreover, there are more than 400 risk factors. Most can be modified to decrease the risk of falling.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a Multifactorial Pilot Program on the Prevention of Falls in people aged 65 or over during 4 years at Gerencia de Atención Integrada de Talavera de la Reina.

Material and methods: Randomized clinical trial with 264 patients is carried out. 65 years old or older patients are recruited from primary care (≥ 1 positive response in the Frailty Screening Test, or ≥ 3 in the Downton Test and \> 90 in the Barthel Index). Falls risk is assessed using validated scales. Experimental group receive multifactorial intervention (based on the GBPC "Prevention of Falls and reduction of Injuries derived from falls" - RNAO). Control group receive recommendations (physical exercise, health education on risk factors, footwear, exercise, home adaptation, nutrition, ...). Variables are presented with their frequency distribution. Qualitative variables as median and range, and quantitatives with their mean and standard deviation. Association between qualitative variables are evaluated with Pearson's Chi-square test. Student's t test be used when the distribution of the variable adjusts to normality. The null hypothesis will be rejected with an error α less than 0.05.

Expected benefits: It is expected to reduce the risk of falls in 30-35% of 65 years old people or older in the urban area of Talavera de la Reina. It would mean great savings and improve the quality of life. It is expected to increase the years of healthy life. It is intended to provide health professionals with a tool to make clinical decisions based on evidence on the prevention of falls to be used as a unified work protocol at Gerencia de Atención Integrada de Talavera de la Reina.
Surgical resection is the gold standard treatment for localized non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, surgery is invasive and not all patients are surgical candidates, thus providing an opportunity for percutaneous microwave ablation, for both primary and metastatic disease. Patients that are deemed inoperable are typically treated with other targeted therapies such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), cryoablation and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), or systemic therapies. Percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) is an alternative option for targeted treatment of cancer. Microwave tumor ablation is a procedure that uses heat made by an electric current to destroy a tumor (ablation). With imaging equipment, such as ultrasound or CT (computed tomography), and a small incision made in the skin, the tumor is located and treated with radiofrequency energy. The cells that are killed by the microwave ablation are typically not removed but are eventually replaced by fibrosis and scar tissue. Patients will be followed for 1 year by contrast enhanced chest CT, chest PET/CT and chest PET/MRI to evaluate lesion outcomes.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a functional composition containing a functional substance exhibiting functionality, and having respondency to stimulation, to provide a method for forming images by using the same, and to provide a device for forming the images.  <P>SOLUTION: This functional composition contains a nonionic amphiphatic block copolymer, an ionic polymer, a functional substance comprising a colorant, and a solvent. Thus, the functional composition has the respondency to the stimulation. An ink composition for inkjet use is formed out of the functional composition. The method for forming the images comprises conducting recording by discharging ink from an ink discharge part and applying the discharged ink to a recording medium, wherein the ink composition is used as the ink. The device for forming the images uses the ink composition as the ink.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
Deposition of hyperphosphorylated tau protein is observed in several neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's Disease (AD), progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Tau is a microtubular protein and its native function is to provide structural support to neurons. Paired helical filaments composed of dysfunctional tau protein are found in several neurodegenerative diseases. In AD, the clinical progression of dementia has been shown to correlate with the amount and topographical spread of tau throughout the brain. Therefore, detecting and quantifying tau aggregate load in brain would have diagnostic and prognostic potential in clinical management of several neurological diseases. As disease modifying drugs that target tau are being developed, there is a critical need for a reliable method of detecting tau aggregates to confirm pathology in patients entering clinical trials.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new composition comprising a growth hormone and/or a growth hormone-releasing hormone. SOLUTION: A method for the growth hormone and/or the growth hormone- releasing hormone comprises promoting release and rise of growth hormone when administered to an animal. The composition for the growth hormone and/or the growth hormone-releasing hormone comprises promoting release and rise of growth hormone when administered to an animal. The method for the growth hormone and/or the growth hormone-releasing hormone comprises treating a disease or disorder caused by a growth hormone related deficiency. A method for the growth hormone-releasing hormone variant production is provided. A method for using the growth hormone-releasing hormone variant is provided.
PURPOSE:To purify a substance containing erythropoietin, particularly a urine, blood plasma, biological sample solution, etc., by using a carrier containing a combined anthraquinone compound. CONSTITUTION:An anthraquinone compound, e.g. a compound of formula I , formula II or formula III, etc. is combined with an insoluble high polymer carrier, e.g. a synthetic high polymer carrier such as nylon or cellulose acetate, etc. of natural high polymer carrier such as peptide, e.g. silk, or polysaccharide, e.g. cellulose, to give a carrier containing the combined anthraquinone compound. The resultant carrier is then brought into contact with a substance containing erythropoietin, e.g. urine or blood plasma of a patient with hypoplastic anemia or urine or blood plasma of an animal with hemolytic anemia, at 3-11pH and <=0.5M ionic strength with NaCl and 0-50 deg.C conditions. The resultant substance is washed fully with a phosphoric acid buffer physiological saline solution and then eluted with an eluant, e.g. guanidine hydrochloride solution to give the aimed erythropoietin of high purity.
Breathlessness is among the most common post-COVID symptoms. In a considerable number of patients, severe breathlessness cannot be explained by peripheral organ impairment. Recent concepts have described how such persistent breathlessness could arise from dysfunctional processing of respiratory information in the brain. In this paper, we present a first quantitative and testable mathematical model of how processing of respiratory-related signals could lead to breathlessness perception. The model is based on recent theories that the brain holds an adaptive and dynamic internal representation of a respiratory state that is based on previous experiences and comprises gas exchange between environment, lung and tissue cells. Perceived breathlessness reflects the brain's estimate of this respiratory state signaling a potentially hazardous disequilibrium in gas exchange. The internal respiratory state evolves from the respiratory state of the last breath, is updated by a sensory measurement of CO2 concentration, and is dependent on the current activity context. To evaluate our model and thus test the assumed mechanism, we used data from an ongoing rebreathing experiment investigating breathlessness in patients with post-COVID without peripheral organ dysfunction (N = 5) and healthy control participants without complaints after COVID-19 (N = 5). Although the observed breathlessness patterns varied extensively between individual participants in the rebreathing experiment, our model shows good performance in replicating these individual, heterogeneous time courses. The model assumes the same underlying processes in the central nervous system in all individuals, i.e., also between patients and healthy control participants, and we hypothesize that differences in breathlessness are explained by different weighting and thus influence of these processes on the final percept. Our model could thus be applied in future studies to provide insight into where in the processing cascade of respiratory signals a deficit is located that leads to (post-COVID) breathlessness. A potential clinical application could be, e.g., the monitoring of effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on respiratory processing in the brain to improve the therapeutic strategies.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it easy to grasp an operation state of other terminals in a medical institute.  <P>SOLUTION: In a small-scale diagnostic system 1, an image generator 2 for photographing a part to be diagnosed of a patient to generate image data, a medical image management device 3 for associating the image data generated by the image generator 2 with patient information, and a client terminal 7 are connected via a communication network 9 so that data can be communicated. The medical image management device 3 displays examination status information showing an examination state of a patient stored in a storage part 33 and the patient information on a patient information list picture 350 of a display part 35. When an image fetch button 61a is selected, the examination status information on a patient to be diagnosed displayed on a viewer picture 351 is changed to "being requested", and when the image is fetched, "is updated". When the viewer picture 351 is closed, corresponding examination status information is changed to "completion".  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Emotional problems, such as anxiety and depression, are among the leading causes of associated disability and burden of disease worldwide among young people. Therefore, it is necessary to address this emerging social challenge through the implementation of prevention strategies in relevant stages of development such as adolescence. In recent years, a transdiagnosis approach to emotional disorders has been promoted, highlighting the unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders and symptoms in its different versions (adulthood, adolescence, and childhood). In this context, the main goal is to assess the efficacy of the Unified Protocol for the Transdiagnostic Treatment (UP-A; Ehrenreich-May et al., 2018) for Adolescents with moderate emotional symptoms in educational settings The goal is to prevent emotional symptoms and improve the socio-emotional adjustment. Adolescents aged 12-18 at high risk of for anxiety and depression disorders (cut-off scores 10-15 points, PHQ-9 and GAD-7) are selected. The design is a randomized controlled trial with two groups: active control (relaxation) and experimental (UP-A). Pre-test, post-test, and follow-up at 6, 12 and 18 months will be carried out. The impact of different behavioural, cognitive, affective, social, and academic functioning indicators is analyzed, as well as their effects in the short, medium, and long term. The satisfaction of the program by users (students, parents, and professionals) will also be evaluated. The implementation and validation of manualized and empirically validated psychological intervention programs, such as UP-A, should be a priority in educational and socio-health policies.