anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
At the beginning of the dental visit, subjects enrolled in the virtual reality (VR) group (n=64) will receive instructions about how to operate the VR system. The research team will then properly fit VR headset onto the child's head and ensure that there are no discomforts. Then, the research team will monitor the intervention using the tablet interface, allowing them to start, pause, and stop the VR intervention. The child will be given 5 minutes to get used to the device. During this time, any adjustments to the headset will be made. The VR intervention will last the duration of the dental procedure, unless told otherwise by the patient, their parent/legal-guardian, or the research team. The entire VR intervention will be closely monitored for any adverse events. Time of play and the patients' compliance of using VR will be noted.
Drug overdose deaths have skyrocketed in recent years, and many overdoses continue to involve prescribed medications like opioids and stimulants. At the same time, state prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs), which help clinicians prescribe these medications safely, remain underused. In Minnesota, 32% of opioid prescriptions are written by clinicians who do not use the PDMP. In many states, including Minnesota, policymakers have limited tools to raise PDMP use even though it is often required under state law. To address this policy dilemma, this study will test e-mails designed to facilitate PDMP use and evaluate their effects on PDMP use and controlled substance prescribing. This study will include a projected 7,126 physician and physician assistant prescribers of opioids and other controlled substances who lack active PDMP accounts, never query the PDMP, or query the PDMP infrequently relative to their prescribing volume. To generate evidence on clinician motivation for responding to encouragement, the study will randomly vary messaging to focus on legal requirements to use the PDMP vs. clinical benefits of the PDMP.
Detection and diagnosis of colon polyps are key to preventing colorectal cancer. Recent evidence suggests that AI-based computer-aided detection (CADe) and computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) systems can enhance endoscopists' performance and boost colonoscopy effectiveness. However, most available public datasets primarily consist of still images or video clips, often at a down-sampled resolution, and do not accurately represent real-world colonoscopy procedures. We introduce the REAL-Colon (Real-world multi-center Endoscopy Annotated video Library) dataset: a compilation of 2.7 M native video frames from sixty full-resolution, real-world colonoscopy recordings across multiple centers. The dataset contains 350k bounding-box annotations, each created under the supervision of expert gastroenterologists. Comprehensive patient clinical data, colonoscopy acquisition information, and polyp histopathological information are also included in each video. With its unprecedented size, quality, and heterogeneity, the REAL-Colon dataset is a unique resource for researchers and developers aiming to advance AI research in colonoscopy. Its openness and transparency facilitate rigorous and reproducible research, fostering the development and benchmarking of more accurate and reliable colonoscopy-related algorithms and models.
Abstract The present invention provides a method for determining whether a subject is suffering from celiac disease by contacting a sample of bodily fluid from the subject, with an antigen formed from a gliadin fusion protein immobilized on a solid support. The gliadin fusion protein of the antigen includes a recombinant deamidated gliadin linked to a tag such as Glutathione-S transferase (GST) protein. The antigen is prepared by immobilizing on the solid support the gliadin fusion protein via the tag. The antigen can further include tissue Transglutaminase (tTG) cross-linked to the gliadin fusion protein. When tTG is present, the tTG and recombinant deamidated gliadin are mixed together prior to immobilization to the solid phase. Fig. 1
Macrophage metalloelastase or matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP12) is a macrophage-specific proteolytic enzyme involved in the physiopathology of many inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease. Although previously published data suggested that the modulation of MMP12 in macrophages could be a determinant for the development of intestinal inflammation, scarce information is available on the mechanisms underlying the regulation of MMP12 expression in those phagocytes. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to delineate the association of MMP12 with inflammatory bowel disease and the molecular events leading to the transcriptional control of this metalloproteinase. For that, we used publicly available transcriptional data. Also, we worked with the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line for functional experiments. Our results showed a strong association of MMP12 expression with the severity of inflammatory bowel disease and the response to relevant biological therapies. In vitro assays revealed that the inhibition of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and the stimulation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway potentiated the expression of Mmp12. Additionally, AMPK and mTOR required a functional downstream glycolytic pathway to fully engage with Mmp12 expression. Finally, the pharmacological inhibition of MMP12 abolished the expression of the proinflammatory cytokine Interleukin-6 (Il6) in macrophages. Overall, our findings provide a better understanding of the mechanistic regulation of MMP12 in macrophages and its relationship with inflammation.
Patients will be randomly allocated by a computer generated random numbers list into three groups. After general anesthesia induction and intubation patients will receive analgesia according to group allocation. In group TAP (Group T) the transversus abdominis plane block will be commenced with ultrasound guidance while the patients is in the supine position with a subcostal approach using 20 mL 0.25% bupivacaine and 21 G block needle. In group infiltration anesthesia (Group I) the trocar insertion sites will be infiltrated with 20 mL 0.25% bupivacaine: 7 mL for the 10 mm trocar insertion sites and 3 mL for the 5 mm trocar insertion sites. The control group (Group C) will not receive any local anesthetic. All patients will receive rescue analgesia with intravenous patient controlled analgesia with tramadol (20 mg bolus dose and 20 minutes lockout time)

Postoperative pain will be assessed during resting and coughing with a Numeric Pain Scale (NRS) and nausea and vomiting with a Postoperative Nausea Vomiting Score at the postoperative 1, 3, 6, 12. and 24 hours. The amount of tramadol consumed in the postoperative period will be recorded. Patient satisfaction will be assessed with the Likert scale at postoperative 24 hours.
Smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation is a critical component of neointimal formation in many animal models of vascular injury, and in many human lesions as well. Cell cycle inhibition by gene transfer techniques can block SMC proliferation and lesion formation in many animal models, although these methods are not yet applicable to the treatment of human disease. Flavopiridol is a recently identified, potent, orally available cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. Given the role of smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation in vascular disease, we tested the effects of flavopiridol, a recently identified cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, on SMC growth in vitro and in vivo. Flavopiridol (75 nmol/L) potently blocked SMC proliferation, an effect that was associated with downregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase activity and cell cycle-related gene expression. We examined the effects of flavopiridol on SMC proliferation in vivo in the rat carotid injury model. Flavopiridol (5 mg/kg) decreased neointimal size by 35% and 39% at 7 and 14 days, respectively, after balloon injury. Flavopiridol may be a potential therapeutic tool in the treatment of SMC-rich vascular lesions. 4-H-1-benzopyran-4-one derivatives inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation at low dosage levels.
Biological trace samples consisting of very few cells pose a challenge to conventional forensic genetic DNA analysis. RNA may be an alternative to DNA when handling low template samples. Whereas each cell only contains two copies of an autosomal DNA segment, the transcriptome retains much of the genomic variation replicated in abundant RNA fragments. In this study, we describe the development of a prototype RNA-based SNP selection set for forensic human identification from low template samples (50 pg gDNA). Whole blood from a subset of the Danish population (41 individuals) and blood stains subjected to degradation at room temperature for up to two weeks were analysed by whole transcriptome shotgun sequencing. Concordance was determined by DNA genotyping with the Infinium Omni5-4 SNP chip. In the 100 protein-coding genes with the most reads, 5214 bi-allelic SNPs with gnomAD minor allele frequencies > 0.1 in the African/African American, East Asian, and (non-Finnish) European populations were identified. Of these, 24 SNPs in 21 genes passed screening in whole blood and degraded blood stains, with a resulting mean match probability of 4.5 ∙ 10-9. Additionally, ancestry informative SNPs and SNPs in genes useful for body fluid identification were identified in the transcriptome. Consequently, shotgun sequencing of RNA from low template samples may be used for a vast host of forensic genetics purposes, including simultaneous human and body fluid identification, leading to direct donor identification in the identified body fluid.
BACKGROUND: Clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs) epitomize the most formidable clinical subtype among renal neoplasms. While the impact of tumor-associated fibroblasts on ccRCC progression is duly acknowledged, a paucity of literature exists elucidating the intricate mechanisms and signaling pathways operative at the individual cellular level.
METHODS: Employing single-cell transcriptomic analysis, we meticulously curated UMAP profiles spanning substantial ccRCC populations, delving into the composition and intrinsic signaling pathways of these cohorts. Additionally, Myofibroblasts were fastidiously categorized into discrete subpopulations, with a thorough elucidation of the temporal trajectory relationships between these subpopulations. We further probed the cellular interaction pathways connecting pivotal subpopulations with tumors. Our endeavor also encompassed the identification of prognostic genes associated with these subpopulations through Bulk RNA-seq, subsequently validated through empirical experimentation.
RESULTS: A notable escalation in the nFeature and nCount of Myofibroblasts and EPCs within ccRCCs was observed, notably enriched in oxidation-related pathways. This phenomenon is postulated to be closely associated with the heightened metabolic activities of Myofibroblasts and EPCs. The Myofibroblasts subpopulation, denoted as C3 HMGA1+ Myofibroblasts, emerges as a pivotal subset, displaying low differentiation and positioning itself at the terminal point of the temporal trajectory. Intriguingly, these cells exhibit a high degree of interaction with tumor cells through the MPZ signaling pathway network, suggesting that Myofibroblasts may facilitate tumor progression via this pathway. Prognostic genes associated with C3 were identified, among which TUBB3 is implicated in potential resistance to tumor recurrence. Finally, experimental validation revealed that the knockout of the key gene within the MPZ pathway, MPZL1, can inhibit tumor activity, proliferation, invasion, and migration capabilities.
CONCLUSION: This investigation delves into the intricate mechanisms and interaction pathways between Myofibroblasts and ccRCCs at the single-cell level. We propose that targeting MPZL1 and the oxidative phosphorylation pathway could serve as potential key targets for treating the progression and recurrence of ccRCC. This discovery paves the way for new directions in the treatment and prognosis diagnosis of ccRCC in the future.
Subjects will receive azacitidine subcutaneously on days 1-7. Selumetinib will be administered on days 8-21. Subjects will continue on this schedule in cycles of 28 days duration in the absence of disease progression.
cute kidney injury (AKI) is a common diagnosis in the adult intensive care unit (ICU) due to substantial short- and long-term morbidity and mortality associated with its occurence.AKI globally impacts more than 13 million patients, resulting in approximately 2 million deaths annually.In the United States, it has been estimated that up to 10% of hospi-talizations and up to 60% of patients admitted to an ICU experience AKI. AKI is an abrupt (within hours) decrease in kidney function defined as an increase in serum creatinine (SCr) or a decrease in urine output (UO) for a duration between 7 and 90 days after exposure to an AKI-causing event.The etiology is complex and routinely multifactorial. Known common risk factors associated with AKI inclde diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease (CKD), cardiovascular, lung, and liver diseases, sepsis and surgical interventions, as well as exposure to nephrotoxic medications and diagnostic contrast agents.Despite the development of numerous prevention strategies, the most recent data suggest the incidence of AKI is increasing in the critically ill population.The Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2012 workgroup classifies AKI into three stages based on SCr and UO values. AKI is defined within 1week after ICU admission as any of the following: increase in SCr by ⩾0.3mg/dL within 48 h, or increase in SCr to ⩾1.5 times baseline within 1week, or urine output\<0.5 mL/kg/hour for 6 h. Severe AKI is defined as KDIGO stage II or stage III AKI .However, SCr and UO measurements remain the standard for evaluation, yet are insensitive and nonspecific markers of AKI and do not account for the etiology or duration of the injury. Despite consensus guidelines for the diagnosis of AKI, discrepancies remain when defining AKI upon ICU admission. Numerous factors influence SCr laboratory measurement such as gender, age, muscle mass, nutritional status, and chronic illness potentially lead-ing to inaccurate estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Furthermore, UO can be influenced by a myriad of factors such as effective circulating volume status, hemody-namic status, and medications that impact urinary excretion. Despite current AKI staging guidelines being widely accepted, accuracy of eGFR remains challenging. The strong and independent relationship between AKI and short-term mortality is well described among ICU patients.Short-term outcomes of AKI include alterations in acid-base and electrolyte balance, uremia, and volume overload.Long-term consequences of AKI can be equally devastating and have been associated with acceleration and progression to CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), resulting in the need for lifelong dialysis, renal transplantation, and an exorbitant increase in healthcare expenditures.Therefore, there is a critical need to identify high-risk patients for AKI, the impact of medication use on its incidence, recovery patterns, and clinical outcomes such as mortality, length of stay, and need for mechanical ventilation.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for pterygium. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared from the following raw materials: radix rehmanniae preparata, scutellaria baicalensis, fructus aurantii, dendrobe, loquat leaf, asparagus cochinchinensis, radix ophiopogonis, tribulusterrestris, periostracum cicadae, eriocaulon buergerianum, ligusticum wallichii, flos carthami, scouring rush, chrysanthemum, cassia occidentalis, cape jasmine, notopterygium, buddleja officinalis, fructus viticis and raw liquorice. According to different characteristics of the traditional Chinese medicines, the traditional Chinese medicines are cleaned, chopped and pretreated, and are prepared according to the ratio, so as to prepare the traditional Chinese medicine composition by a special method. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation has the effects of soothing the liver, regulating the flow of vital energy, treating opacity of the cornea, dredging collaterals, activating blood circulation, strengthening body resistance and eliminating evil. The composition and the preparation method disclosed by the invention are unique. Clinical verification proves that the traditional Chinese medicine preparation is significant in treatment effect, short in treatment course, low in price and free of bad reaction and toxic or side effect, and has a wide market application prospect.
Participants will be seen initially for pre-study assessment (3 hour). They will then be studied weekly for up to 7 levels of phenylalanine intake (7 Study periods). Each study period will include a period of 3 days. The first 2 days they will consume a liquid milkshake based diet at home. On the 3rd day they will come to the hospital for a total of 8 hours.
A single-center prospective cohort study was conducted to investigate whether intraocular pressure (IOP)-related 24-h contact lens sensor (CLS) profile parameters can help predict glaucoma progression in patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). CLS measurements (Triggerfish; SENSIMED, Etagnières, Switzerland) at baseline without medication were performed for 24 h in one eye, following diurnal IOP measurements using Goldmann applanation tonometry at 3-h intervals. Glaucoma progression during the follow-up period of ≥ 2 years was determined based on the Guided Progression Analysis of Humphrey visual fields and/or structural progression using fundus photographs. Among 79 patients (mean values: follow-up periods, 48.1 months; age, 51.5 years; baseline IOP, 14.0 mmHg; mean deviation, - 6.04 dB), 23 showed glaucoma progression. A smaller standard deviation of nocturnal ocular pulse amplitude in the CLS profile, a larger range of diurnal IOP at baseline, and the presence of optic disc hemorrhage (DH) during the study period were significant risk factors for glaucoma progression in the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model (hazard ratio, 0.30/mVeq, 1.23/mmHg, and 4.37/presence of DH; P = 0.016, 0.017, and 0.001, respectively). CLS measurements may be useful for assessing the risk of future glaucoma progression in patients with NTG, providing supplementary information to routine IOP measurements.
Convulsions, increased intracranial pressure, and toxic psychosis have been reported in patients receiving quinolones, including ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin may also cause central nervous system (CNS) events including: dizziness, confusion, tremors, hallucinations, depression, and, rarely, suicidal thoughts or acts. These reactions may occur following the first dose. If these reactions occur in patients receiving ciprofloxacin, the drug should be discontinued and appropriate measures instituted. As with all quinolones, ciprofloxacin should be used with caution in patients with known or suspected CNS disorders that may predispose to seizures or lower the seizure threshold (e.g., severe cerebral arteriosclerosis, epilepsy), or in the presence of other risk factors that may predispose to seizures or lower the seizure threshold (e.g., certain drug therapy, renal dysfunction). (See PRECAUTIONS: General, Information for Patients, Drug Interactions and ADVERSE REACTIONS.)
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is recognized as a major causative agent of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV non-structural protein 5A (NS5A) is a dimeric phosphoprotein with a hyperphosphorylated form to act as a switch that regulates HCV replication and assembly. NS5A inhibitors have been utilized as the scaffold for combination therapy of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA). However, the mode of action of NS5A inhibitors is still unclear due to the lack of mechanistic detail regarding NS5A phosphorylation and dimerization in the HCV life cycle. It has been demonstrated that phosphorylation of NS5A at Ser235 is essential for RNA replication of the JFH1 strain. In this report, we found that NS5A phosphomimetic Ser235 substitution (Ser-to-Asp mutation) formed a dimer that was resistant to disruption by NS5A inhibitors as was the NS5A resistance-associated substitution Y93H. Phosphorylation of NS5A at Ser235 residue was required for the interaction of two NS5A-WT molecules in JFH1-based cell culture system but not absolutely required for dimerization of the NS5A-Y93H mutant. Interestingly, HCV nonstructural proteins from the subgenomic replicon NS3-5A was required for NS5A-WT dimerization but not required for NS5A-Y93H dimerization. Our data suggest that spontaneous Ser235 phosphorylation of NS5A and ensuing dimerization account for resistance of the JFH1/NS5A-Y93H mutant to NS5A inhibitors.
An echogenically enhanced medical device is provided. The echogenically enhanced medical device includes a body portion configured to be inserted within human or animal tissue, where the body portion has a first acoustic impedance. The body portion of the medical device further includes at least one structured echogenic portion having a second acoustic impedance. The at least one structured echogenic portion is configured to enhance ultrasonic imaging of the medical device when inserted into a patient. The at least one structured echogenic portion includes at least one of a structured shape and a discontinuous pattern. A method of preparing an echogenically enhanced medical device is further disclosed.
This study involves a 3+3 design. The starting cohort (n=3) will receive a neoadjuvant Background dose to the affected hemithorax (starting at 0 cGy) as well as concomitant Boost dose (of at least 2100 cGy) to a part of the gross tumour volume (GTV). The radiation will be delivered over 3 alternate days over 5-7 calendar days followed by macroscopically complete extensive pleural resection (either extra-pleural pneumonectomy or extended pleurectomy decortication, at the surgeon's discretion) after 7 to 14 days. If no dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) seen, then the Background RT dose will be increased by 600 cGy (up to 1800 cGy) and the cohort (n=3) for the next dose level will be accrued. If only 1 DLT seen, then an additional 3 patients will be treated on this dose level. If 2 or more DLTs seen at any given dose level, then the previous dose level will be defined as the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Patients will be stratified by type of resection.
Special Operations Servicemembers presenting with palpitations, pre-syncope, or exertional syncope during rigorous physical training are often experiencing a benign condition; however, life-threatening etiologies should be considered. We describe a 43-year-old Special Operator who presented to his medics during selection physical assessment testing with palpitations and lightheadedness, with a subsequent workup revealing arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). His initial electrocardiogram was unremarkable without characteristic ARVC changes. Outpatient evaluation with ambulatory cardiac monitoring recorded numerous episodes of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia. Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated findings concerning for ARVC, with subsequent cardiac MRI confirming the diagnosis via the 2020 Padua criteria. Management includes activity modification, class III anti-arrhythmic medications, and possible placement of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator to prevent sudden cardiac death. This case demonstrates the importance of maintaining high clinical suspicion for rare diagnoses that present with exertional palpitations, such as arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, in even our fittest Special Operators.