anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: Maternal hyperandrogenism during pregnancy is associated with adverse gestational outcomes and chronic non-communicable diseases in offspring. However, few studies are reported to demonstrate the association between maternal androgen excess and cardiac health in offspring. This study aimed to explore the relation between androgen exposure in utero and cardiac health of offspring in fetal and adult period. Its underlying mechanism is also illustrated in this research.
METHODS: Pregnant mice were injected with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) from gestational day (GD) 16.5 to GD18.5. On GD18.5, fetal heart tissue was collected for metabolite and morphological analysis. The hearts from adult offspring were also collected for morphological and qPCR analysis. H9c2 cells were treated with 75 μM androsterone. Immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, qPCR, and western blot were performed to observe cell proliferation and explore the underlying mechanism.
RESULTS: Intrauterine exposure to excessive androgen led to thinner ventricular wall, decreased number of cardiomyocytes in fetal offspring and caused cardiac hypertrophy, compromised cardiac function in adult offspring. The analysis of steroid hormone metabolites in fetal heart tissue by ultra performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry showed that the content of androgen metabolite androsterone was significantly increased. Mechanistically, H9c2 cells treated with androsterone led to a significant decrease in phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (pRB) and cell cycle-related protein including cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), and cyclin D1 (CCND1) in cardiomyocytes. This resulted in cell cycle arrest at G1-S phase, which in turn inhibited cardiomyocyte proliferation.
CONCLUSION: Taken together, our results indicate that in utero exposure to DHT, its metabolite androsterone could directly decrease cardiomyocytes proliferation through cell cycle arrest, which has a life-long-lasting effect on cardiac health. Our study highlights the importance of monitoring sex hormones in women during pregnancy and the follow-up of cardiac function in offspring with high risk of intrauterine androgen exposure.
All participants were premedicated with diazepam 5 mg 12 hours and 1 hour before surgery. Thromboprophylaxis ( 4,000 - 6000 IU) depending on the body weight was given at least 12 hours before surgery. All participants were warmed to prevent unintended hypothermia. Participants were allocated by permuted block randomisation into one of two groups: general anesthesia group and epidural anesthesia. The randomisation list was obtained from R program version 3.5.3. The group allocations were contained in a closed envelope that were opened before surgery after the completed enrollment procedure. All patients and infusions were wormed to prevent unintended hypothermia. Induction of general anesthesia was with midazolam 2.5 mg, fentanyl 100 μg, propofol 1-2 mg/kg and vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg. Balanced crystalloid fluids were used to treat hypovolemia. Additionally, 6% Hydroxyethyl starch was used before blood transfusion products to treat profound hypovolemia. Blood transfusions were given according to blood loss and clinical situation. Bradycardia was treated with atropine. Hypotension was treated with ephedrine boluses. Anti-inflammatory drug metamizole (dipyrone) 2.5 g was given intravenously before the end of the surgery and after 12 hours after the surgery. Neostigmine 2.5 mg with atropine 1 mg was used for the reversal of the effects of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents after surgery. Participants were placed for one day in a urology high care unit provided with constant and vigilant nurse care. Crystalloid infusions were used for maintaining diuresis. Gastroprotection was done with pantoprazole 40 mg. Metoclopramid 10 mg was given for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The postoperative QoR was evaluated with three QoR scales. Scales for pain, anxiety and PONV were also examined. The 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) questionnaire evaluated quality of life one month before and one month after surgery.
PURPOSE:An antiaspergillus fungus antibody, obtained by collecting an antibody secreted from hybridoma of a cell capable of producing an antiaspergillus fungus antibody and a cell capable of in vitro subculture for a long term, and having improved specificity and high potency with little impurities. CONSTITUTION:A cell capable of producing an antiaspergillus fungus antibody, e.g. a splenic cell, is subjected to the cell fusion with a cell capable of in vitro subculture for a long term, e.g. a strain cell deficient in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, in a solution containing 30-55% fusion accelerator, e.g. Sendai virus or polyethylene glycol, and the resultant fused cell is cultivated in a culture medium containing hypoxanthine, aminopterin an thymidine to give a hybridoma, which is then transplanted into a living body and multiplied in a solid or ascitic culture medium. Blood serum or ascites are then collected from the living body to afford the aimed antiaspergillus fungus antibody.
Regimen: Norepinephrine increases of 0.05-0.1 mcg/kg/min up to 0.5 mcg/kg/min, followed by vasopressin (administered at a fixed dose of 0.03 IE/min). If MAP remains \< 65 mmHg, norepinephrine will be titrated above dose of 0.5 mcg/kg/min until MAP ≥ 65 mmHg. Maximum norepinephrine dose as per clinical team decision. Initiation of additional vasoactive drugs (epinephrine, methylene blue, angiotensin II, dobutamine, or dopamine) as per clinical team decision.
Defective β-catenin signaling is accompanied with compensatory neurogenesis process that may pave to anxiety. β-Catenin has a distinct role in alleviating anxiety in adolescence; however, it undergoes degradation by the degradation complex Axin and APC. Vilazodone (VZ) is a fast, effective antidepressant with SSRI activity and 5-HT1A partial agonism that amends somatic and/or psychic symptoms of anxiety. Yet, there is no data about anxiolytic effect of VZ on anxiety-related neurogenesis provoked by stress-reduced β-catenin signaling. Furthermore, females have specific susceptibility toward psychopathology. The aim of the present study is to uncover the molecular mechanism of VZ relative to Wnt/β-catenin signaling in female rats. Stress-induced anxiety was conducted by subjecting the rats to different stressful stimuli for 21 days. On the 15th day, stressed rats were treated with VZ(10 mg/kg, p.o.) alone or concomitant with the Wnt inhibitor: XAV939 (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.). Anxious rats showed low β-catenin level turned over by Axin-1 with unanticipated reduction of APC pursued with elevated protein levels of neurogenesis-stimulating proteins: c-Myc and pThr183-Erk likewise gene expressions of miR-17-5p and miR-18. Two weeks of VZ treatment showed anxiolytic effect figured by alleviation of hippocampal histological examination. VZ protected β-catenin signal via reduction in Axin-1 and elevation of APC conjugated with modulation of β-catenin downstream targets. The cytoplasmic β-catenin turnover by Axin-1 was restored by XAV939. Herein, VZ showed anti-anxiety effect, which may be in part through regaining the balance of the reduced β-catenin and its subsequent exaggerated response of p-Erk, c-Myc, Dicer-1, miR-17-5p, and miR-18.
OBJECTIVE: How to minimize postoperative pain following knee replacement surgery has been a great challenge. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of applying a topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) lateral to the incision for postoperative pain following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA).
METHODS: The randomized controlled trial enrolled 100 patients from August 2023 to January 2024. One hundred patients who underwent UKA were randomized into two groups. The intervention group received a topical NSAID lateral to the incision postoperatively, and the control group received a placebo lateral to the incision postoperatively. The primary outcome measures were the amount of opioid consumption and the visual analogue scale (VAS) score (12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 h after operation) for pain. The secondary outcome measures were the American Knee Society Score (AKSS, preoperation and 1-month follow-up after operation), the time of first analgesic demand, side effects of opioids, operation time, postoperative stay, surgery-related complications, and postoperative incision healing grade. Independent sample t test and paired sample t test were used to compare continuous data. Chi-square test and Fisher's precision probability tests were used to analyze the categorical data.
RESULTS: Ninety-eight patients (intervention group, 48 patients; control group, 50 patients) were analyzed. Opioid consumption was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group during the first 12 h, 12 to 24 h, and 24 to 48 h postoperatively (p < 0.05). The VAS score for pain within 72 h postoperatively was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the AKSS, operation time, postoperative stay, complications, or postoperative incision healing grade between the two groups. The time of first analgesic demand for patient-controlled analgesia was significantly later in the intervention group than in the control group (p < 0.05). There were fewer side effects of opioids in the intervention group (8.3%) than in the control group (18.0%).
CONCLUSION: Postoperative application of topical NSAIDs lateral to the incision is an effective and safe method for pain management after UKA, helping to decrease the pain score and reduce opioid consumption postoperatively with no increase in side effects.
A cardiopulmonary rehabilitation method is provided. The cardiopulmonary rehabilitation method includes a plurality of steps. The step is implemented by obtaining the physiological characteristics of a rehabilitator to evaluate an intensity percentage interval that can achieve the rehabilitation effect. The step is implemented by obtaining a maximum exercise heart rate during exercise and a resting heart rate during rest. The step is implemented by using a reserve heart rate relationship to determine a maximum rehabilitation heart rate and a minimum rehabilitation heart rate of the rehabilitation intensity interval. The reserve heart rate relationship is Q+(M-Q)×P%, wherein Q is the resting heart rate, M is the maximum exercise heart rate, and P is the intensity percentage interval. The step is implemented by obtaining a real-time heart rate of the rehabilitator during rehabilitation. The step is implemented by determining whether the real-time heart rate is maintained between the maximum rehabilitation heart rate and the minimum rehabilitation heart rate, and meet an effective rehabilitation time. Accordingly, the rehabilitator can understand whether they have achieved effective rehabilitation exercises.
Participants will receive 10 doses, 17g each, of polyethylene glycol 3350. They will be instructed to take 1 dose/packet each day for 10 days leading up to their surgery.
Topical fluorides in a wide variety of delivery systems have been proven to be clinically effective in the prevention of dental caries. It is generally agreed that fluoride has its anti-caries effect mainly by decreasing the rate of enamel demineralization and enhancing the rate of enamel remineralization. There is a general consensus that level of fluoride in plaque fluid, may be directly related to the anti caries effects of fluoride. Also, fluoride levels in the oral fluids decrease rapidly after topical fluoride application, mainly due to the diluting and washing effect of saliva followed by periodic swallowing. To evaluate fluoride content, plaque samples will be collected from the interproximal surfaces of the posterior teeth of participants using a standardized approach. Plaque fluid fluoride will be calculated using a micro analytical method and in comparison to a standard fluoride curve constructed on the same day of the analysis.
An oral care agent delivery device is provided which comprises a permanently deformable backing layer, an anchor layer overtop the backing layer, and an oral care layer overtop the anchor layer. The device is sized to fit over a plurality of teeth in an upper or lower dental arch of a subject. The oral care layer comprises at least one oral care agent and at least one hydrophilic polymer. The oral care layer is in contact with the anchor layer and forms an adhesive bond with the anchor layer; however, the oral care layer is minimally invested in the anchoring layer. When hydrated, the oral care layer has an adhesiveness relative to the surface of a user's teeth that is sufficient to retain the device on the user's teeth when placed thereon. The device can also have an oral care agent which is activated on hydration of the oral care layer, or an oral care layer which releases the oral care agent over time.
Recently developed antimigraine therapeutics targeting calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) signaling are effective, though their sites of activity remain elusive. Notably, the lymphatic vasculature is responsive to CGRP signaling, but whether meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) contribute to migraine pathophysiology is unknown. Mice with lymphatic vasculature deficient in the CGRP receptor (CalcrliLEC mice) treated with nitroglycerin-mediated (NTG-mediated) chronic migraine exhibit reduced pain and light avoidance compared with NTG-treated littermate controls. Gene expression profiles of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) isolated from the meninges of Rpl22HA/+;Lyve1Cre RiboTag mice treated with NTG revealed increased MLV-immune interactions compared with cells from untreated mice. Interestingly, the relative abundance of mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule 1-interacting (MAdCAM1-interacting) CD4+ T cells was increased in the deep cervical lymph nodes of NTG-treated control mice but not in NTG-treated CalcrliLEC mice. Treatment of cultured hLECs with CGRP peptide in vitro induced vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin) rearrangement and reduced functional permeability. Likewise, intra cisterna magna injection of CGRP caused rearrangement of VE-cadherin, decreased MLV uptake of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and impaired CSF drainage in control mice but not in CalcrliLEC mice. Collectively, these findings reveal a previously unrecognized role for lymphatics in chronic migraine, whereby CGRP signaling primes MLV-immune interactions and reduces CSF efflux.
This group will be administered two breakfast beverages with a one- to two-week washout period between beverages. The beverages will be a control or an isocaloric, macronutrient matched breakfast beverage with omega-3 fatty acids.
Obesity affects nearly 660 million adults worldwide and is known for its many comorbidities. Although the phenomenon of obesity is not fully understood, science regularly reveals new determinants of this pathology. Among them, persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been recently highlighted. Mainly lipophilic, POPs are normally stored in adipose tissue and can lead to adverse metabolic effects when released into the bloodstream. The main objective of this narrative review is to discuss the different pathways by which physical activity may counteract POPs' adverse effects. The research that we carried out seems to indicate that physical activity could positively influence several pathways negatively influenced by POPs, such as insulin resistance, inflammation, lipid accumulation, adipogenesis, and gut microbiota dysbiosis, that are associated with the development of obesity. This review also indicates how, through the controlled mobilization of POPs, physical activity could be a valuable approach to reduce the concentration of POPs in the bloodstream. These findings suggest that physical activity should be used to counteract the adverse effects of POPs. However, future studies should accurately assess its impact in specific situations such as bariatric surgery, where weight loss promotes POPs' blood release.
Problematic substance use and addiction is a growing crisis in the United States. As a result, identifying factors that effectively promote addiction recovery is, currently, of particular societal importance. Informed by evidence that-while addiction can be perpetuated by stress-related impulsivity and decreased self-regulation-perceived social support is protective against addiction, we test a model for addiction recovery as a form of posttraumatic growth (PTG), focused specifically on close relationships and personal strength-two domains of PTG. In an initial study, we found that perceived social support and impulsivity predicted number of relapses in individuals in a substance use disorder recovery program. Using experience sampling, we then observed that experiencing a stressful event predicted impulsive behavior. However, experiencing closeness with others-a domain of PTG-was directly associated with perceived social support, and both predicted positive emotional states, which were, in turn, inversely associated with experiencing a stressful event. Further, when experiencing a stressful event, personal strength-also a domain of PTG-was inversely associated with impulsive behavior and was predicted by both perceived social support and positive emotional states. Finally, in a follow-up experiment, we found that an ecological momentary intervention targeting perceived social support decreased impulsivity and increased self-regulation-an aspect of personal strength-in a dose-dependent fashion. Taken together, our findings: (1) support a PTG model for recovery; (2) provide evidence for processes by which close supportive relationships are protective against addiction and relapse; and (3) indicate that self-regulation is responsive to a short in-the-moment perceived social support intervention. We suggest that these findings support the theory that addiction is a social disease in the sense that close personal interactions and supportive relationships: (a) buffer against stress-related impulsivity, thereby protecting against addiction and relapse; and (b) increase personal strength, thereby decreasing the probability of impulsive-including addictive-behavior and promoting recovery.
Prolonged exposure therapy (PE) is among the most efficacious treatments for PTSD and is designated as a VA/DoD frontline treatment. However, PE does not always lead to clinically meaningful symptom reductions in Veterans with PTSD. Successful PE treatment relies on extinction learning, which is often impaired in patients with PTSD. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-intoxicating phytocannabinoid. Administration of specific phytocannabinoids, like CBD, increase extinction learning in patients with PTSD, and could increase the speed and effectiveness of PE therapy. CBD also modulates 5-HT1A, which may directly improve hyperarousal/insomnia symptoms, and improve engagement and retention in treatment. Given these findings, adjunctive administration of CBD+PE could improve response rates to PE and reduce the number of sessions of PE needed to reach clinically meaningful change. The proposed study is designed to test the efficacy of using CBD in conjunction with PE for the treatment of PTSD in US Military Veterans. A randomized, controlled, double-blind study will compare Veterans who receive PE+CBD to PE+placebo. Participants will include 136 male and female Veterans from all service eras with PTSD. The primary hypothesis is that PE+CBD will reduce PTSD symptoms to a greater degree than PE+placebo.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women. Although overall CVD-related mortality has declined, there has been an increase in CVD mortality in women aged 35-54 years, prior to menopause. It is unclear what contributes to this increased mortality rate, and is a significant problem for women's health. Endothelial function is considered a biomarker of cardiovascular health; declines in endothelial function are considered a precursor to the development of atherosclerosis and CVD. Thus, changes in endothelial function in women as they advance through reproductive stages towards menopause may play a role in the greater prevalence of CVD mortality. However, very few studies have focused on cardiovascular health in women leading up to menopause, during the PERI transition. The PERI period is a critical time point where reproductive hormones and ovarian function change rapidly. Recent data demonstrate that endothelial function begins to decline during PERI. Furthermore, despite women being of similar biological age, significant differences in endothelial function were noted when classified based on reproductive age - specifically between early PERI and late PERI. These data show that the decline initially occurs in the early PERI phase, making this a key time point for intervention to offset the future development of CVD. Our central hypothesis is that increased Endothelin-1 (ET-1) and a loss of Endothelin-1 B (ETB) mediated vasodilation play a primary role in contributing to impaired endothelial function with advancing reproductive age. We will assess macro- and micro- vascular endothelial function, assess intracellular ET-1 protein and ETB receptor expression in harvested endothelial cells from peripheral veins, and use the cutaneous circulation as an in vivo model to explore the receptor mechanisms (ETBR and ETAR) in early and late PERI in response to E2 or placebo.
PURPOSE: Arterial stiffness, represented by estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV), is the independent surrogate marker for cardiovascular event. The aim of the study was to investigate the significance of ePWV in the treatment outcome of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).
METHODS: One hundred and ten patients with idiopathic SSNHL who hospitalized between April 2019 and March 2022 were evaluated. Arterial stiffness was calculated with formula for ePWV and other cardiovascular parameters of body mass index (BMI), and serum lipid level was determined. All patients received systemic high-dose steroid therapy and intratympanic steroid injections as a salvage management. Treatment outcome was assessed at 6 months after treatment, and classified as recovery and nonrecovery groups according to hearing recovery.
RESULTS: The initial pure-tone hearing threshold was 72.6 ± 23.8 dB and final hearing threshold was 52.63 ± 31.10 dB. After treatment, 60 (54.5%) patients included in recovery group and other 50 (45.5%) were classified as nonrecovery group. Age, days of onset to treatment, BMI, waist circumference, and ePWV were higher in the nonrecovery group compared to recovery group in univariate analysis (p = 0.039, p = 0.049, p = 0.003, p = 0.004, p = 0.007, respectively). In multivariate analysis, days of onset to treatment, BMI, and ePWV were associated with recovery (p = 0.030, p = 0.007, p = 0.022).
CONCLUSION: Higher ePWV, a measure of arterial stiffness, was associated with a poor hearing recovery of SSNHL.