anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the chicken femur as a laboratory model for the human metacarpal by comparing the bone microarchitecture and mechanical properties of chicken femurs to human cadaveric metacarpals. Methods: Sixteen fresh chicken femora and 20 fresh frozen cadaveric human metacarpals were imaged using a micro computed tomography scanner. The bones were then mechanically tested using four-point-bending and torsional testing. Results: There were no significant differences in macroscopic features between chicken femora and human metacarpals, including overall length, external radius, internal radius, cortical width and cross-sectional area of the diaphyseal cortex (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the trabecular number and spacing in the distal metaphysis of both groups (p > 0.05). The diaphysis and proximal metaphysis did not share any microarchitectural similarities. Four-point bending tests resulted in significantly higher yield forces, ultimate force, failure points and stiffness in human metacarpals (p < 0.05). Torsion tests resulted in significant higher ultimate torque and torsional rigidity in human metacarpals (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The chicken femur has structural and biomechanical differences to the fresh frozen human metacarpal despite the similarity in their macroscopic features.
BACKGROUND: Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are often co-morbid with unprovoked seizures, making clinical diagnosis and management difficult. Although it has an important role in both AD and epilepsy, abnormal γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic transmission is recognized only as a compensative change for glutamatergic damage. Neuregulin 1 (NRG1)-ErbB4 signaling can promote GABA release and suppress epileptogenesis, but its effects on cognition in AD are still controversial.
METHODS: Four-month-old APPswe/PS1dE9 mice (APP mice) were used as animal models in the early stage of AD in this study. Acute/chronic chemical-kindling epilepsy models were established with pentylenetetrazol. Electroencephalogram and Racine scores were performed to assess seizures. Behavioral tests were used to assess cognition and emotion. Electrophysiology, western blot and immunofluorescence were performed to detect the alterations in synapses, GABAergic system components and NRG1-ErbB4 signaling. Furthermore, NRG1 was administrated intracerebroventricularly into APP mice and then its antiepileptic and cognitive effects were evaluated.
RESULTS: APP mice had increased susceptibility to epilepsy and resulting hippocampal synaptic damage and cognitive impairment. Electrophysiological analysis revealed decreased GABAergic transmission in the hippocampus. This abnormal GABAergic transmission involved a reduction in the number of parvalbumin interneurons (PV+ Ins) and decreased levels of GABA synthesis and transport. We also found impaired NRG1-ErbB4 signaling which mediated by PV+ Ins loss. And NRG1 administration could effectively reduce seizures and improve cognition in four-month-old APP mice.
CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that abnormal GABAergic transmission mediated hippocampal hyperexcitability, further excitation/inhibition imbalance, and promoted epileptogenesis in the early stage of AD. Appropriate NRG1 administration could down-regulate seizure susceptibility and rescue cognitive function. Our study provided a potential direction for intervening in the co-morbidity of AD and epilepsy.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: what is offered is using selenotetra-cysteine (selenium tetracysteinate (IV)) (STC) as a radioprotector. STC shows a relatively high preventive radio protective efficacy level in irradiation in doses close to absolutely lethal. With respect to 30-day survival rate and average life expectancy in mice and rats, STC is similar to cystamine dihydrochloride (a prototype drug) widely known in clinical practice. An effective dose of the declared drug is 13 times less than in the prototype drug. A therapeutic index of STC exceeds the prototype drug in 6 times that testifies to a substantially greater therapeutic width. ^ EFFECT: radiological efficacy of STC remains throughout 2 days after administration while the prototype drug shows radio protective efficacy for 0,5-3,0 h after administration, and through 24 h does not show specific radiological activity any more; besides, STC is characterised by good tolerance. ^ 6 tbl, 7 ex
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stable formulation which contains Apo-2 ligand being a TNF family member of a cytokine analog and also being a II-type transmembrane protein of 281 amino acid.  <P>SOLUTION: The formulation contains Apo-2 ligand and a salt of 0.2-0.5 M and has a pH of 6-9. The salt is preferably an arginine salt, especially preferably selected from the group consisting of arginine succinate, arginine sulfate, arginine malate, arginine citrate, arginine tartarate, and arginine phosphate. Sodium sulfate is also preferable as the salt. The formulation preferably contains a surfactant, especially preferably polysorbate or poloxamer, preferably contains a buffer, especially a Tris buffer, and can be freeze-dried.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
PURPOSE: A differentiation and a propagation method of natural killer cells from umbilical cord blood CD14 positive monocytes are provided to induce NK cells from the CD14 positive cells, thereby obtaining high purity NK cells in a short time. CONSTITUTION: A differentiation method of natural killer cells from umbilical cord blood CD14 positive monocytes includes a step of mixing the umbilical cord blood CD14 positive monocytes with IL-15 and IL-21. A propagation method of natural killer cells from the umbilical cord blood CD14 positive monocyte includes a step of mixing the umbilical cord blood CD14 positive monocyte with IL-15 and IL-21. The CD14 positive monocyte is manufactured by the following steps: manufacturing CD3-CD34-CD56-CD19 cells by eliminating CD3, CD34, CD56 and CD19 positive cells from the umbilical cord blood originated monocyte; and manufacturing CD3-CD34-CD56-CD19-CD14+ cells by eliminating CD14 negative cells the CD3-CD34-CD56-CD19- cells. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating cancer includes the natural killer cell as an active ingredient. The cancer is breast cancer, melanoma cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer or lung cancer.
Abdominal aortic temporary cross clamping procedures in patients with placenta accreta undergoing hysterectomy have been performed at Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya for a period of 4 years. In the aortic cross-clamping procedure, an ischemic condition occurs, after the cross-clamp is released the distal tissue from the occlusion which was initially in an ischemic state gets blood flow suddenly (reperfusion) causing Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. This study aims to determine the effect of transdermal administration of carbon dioxide (CO2) as a protective factor for ischemia reperfusion injury in patients undergoing Abdominal Aorta Temporary Cross Clamp. The design of this study is experimental in patients who underwent Abdominal Aorta Temporary Cross Clamp. Subjects were divided into two groups. The first group was treated with CO2 transdermal administration and the second group was the control group.
Pharmaceutical composition comprises at least one systemically and/or locally acting topically applicable active substance and at least one phospholipid which improves the transport of the active substance through the cell membrane and contains phosphatidyl choline in a concentration of at least 60 wt.%, based on the phospholipid, where the composition has a liquid consistency that it is sprayable as droplets or as a foam. The composition has phospholipid comprising oil in a concentration of more than 7.5 wt.%. An independent claim is also included for use of at least one phospholipid as a permeation- and/or penetration accelerator in a pharmaceutical composition, where the composition has phospholipid comprising oil in a concentration of 7.5-2 wt.% in addition to phosphatidyl choline. ACTIVITY : Anesthetic; Antiallergic; Virucide; Neuroprotective; Cardiovascular-Gen; Fungicide; Analgesic; Anticonvulsant; Antiinflammatory; Antiandrogenic; Anticoagulant; Thrombolytic; Hemostatic; Antipruritic; Antidiabetic; Antimicrobial; Cerebroprotective; Immunosuppressive; Dermatological; Vulnerary; Neuroleptic; CNS-Gen; Muscle relaxant; Antiparkinsonian; Antiemetic; Antiparasitic; Antiasthmatic; Antitussive; Respiratory-Gen; Hepatotropic; Diuretic; Metabolic; Immunomodulator. No biological data given. MECHANISM OF ACTION : Leukotriene inhibitors; Opiate receptor antagonists; Platelet aggregation inhibitor; Histamine antagonist; Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor; Calcium antagonist.
The styloid process (SP) of the temporal bone is a long conical cartilaginous projection lies anterior to the mastoid process. Patients who have ESP or styloid chain calcification are usually asymptomatic, only 4% are symptomatic. Symptoms vary as different syndromes which related affected anatomic structures by calcified process or ligament. Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD) describe the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disfunction that divided three branches according to temporomandibular joint's disc status: non-displacement (ND), displacement with reduction (DWR) and displacement without reduction (DWoR). Since orofacial pain shows similar features in both ESP or styloid chain calcification and TMD, it is possible to confuse and misdiagnosis both of these clinical conditions. This study aimed to investigate the length and calcification pattern of the styloid process in patients with TMD diagnosis.
Patients receive fluorouracil IV continuously over 46 hours, leucovorin calcium IV over 2 hours, and oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours on day 1. Patients also receive oral everolimus once daily on days 1-28. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The main aim of the study is to compare the effects of using or not using a Psychiatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) in an acute psychiatric department.The acute ward of Østmarka psychiatric department, St. Olavs Hospital has a PICU separated from the rest of the ward. The PICU is separated with a locked door. Under two different conditions at different times all patients evaluated to be in need of PICU were admitted to the PICU. In the first condition the doors inside the PICU and between the rest of the acute ward and PICU were closed or locked. In the second condition the doors inside the PICU and the door between the PICU and the rest of the acute ward were either removed or held permanently open. In the second condition the patients thus were admitted to a PICU unit not using PICU principles.

The patients were evaluated with different rating scales at admittance, day three and at discharge from PICU.
Fibrosis is a complex pathological process that can lead to the permanent loss of biological function, with P2ry2 playing a crucial role in this process. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play an critically important role in the fibrotic process. However, it remains unclear whether lncRNAs can regulate fibrosis through P2ry2. In this study, we detected the expression of the long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (lnc-MALAT1). We investigated the expression patterns of lnc-MALAT1 and P2ry2 in denervated skeletal muscle, a classical model of fibrosis. Additionally, we utilized a TGF-β-mediated fibrosis model in NIH/3T3 cells to examine the effects of lnc-MALAT1 and P2ry2 on fibroblast activation and the underlying regulatory mechanisms in vitro. Our results demonstrated that the expression levels of lnc-MALAT1 and P2ry2 were consistently elevated in denervated skeletal muscle, correlating with the degree of fibrosis. In vitro experiments confirmed the regulatory effect of lnc-MALAT1 on P2ry2. Furthermore, we identified miR-335-3p as a potential key molecule in the regulatory relationship of lnc-MALAT1/P2ry2. Dual luciferase reporter assays and AGO2-RIP verified the molecular sponging effect of lnc-MALAT1 on miR-335-3p. Additionally, we validated the regulation of the lnc-MALAT1/miR-335-3p/P2ry2 axis through experimental approaches. In conclusion, our study identified a crucial role of lnc-MALAT1/miR-335-3p/P2ry2 axis in fibroblast activation, providing a promising treatment option against the fibrosis.
This study aimed to analyze the relationship between human epididymal protein 4 (HE4) and infiltration depth, postoperative recurrence, and metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer (OVCA). Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression level of HE4 in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of 90 patients with epithelial OVCA admitted to our hospital from May 2017 to January 2018. Cox regression was used to analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of epithelial OVCA. The relationship between HE4 and the prognosis of epithelial OVCA was analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic curve and Kaplan-Meier survival curve. The positive expression rate of HE4 in epithelial OVCA was 85.56%, which was higher than 34.44% in adjacent tissues (p < 0.01). The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, infiltration depth, lymph node metastasis, postoperative recurrence and metastasis, and HE4 positivity were independent risk factors for the prognosis, and platinum-based chemotherapy sensitivity was an independent protective factor for the prognosis of patients with epithelial OVCA (p < 0.05). The area under the curve of HE4 in diagnosing epithelial OVCA and predicting recurrence was 0.863 and 0.700, the sensitivity was 91.60% and 85.60%, and the specificity was 90.20% and 65.60%. The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 26.1 and 30.2 months in HE4-positive epithelial OVCA patients, while these were 31.4 and 35.6 months in HE4-negative epithelial OVCA patients (p < 0.05). In conclusion, HE4 was highly expressed in epithelial OVCA tissues. Its expression level was related to the depth of tumor invasion, postoperative recurrence and metastasis, and other clinicopathological characteristics of patients with epithelial OVCA.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of mortality worldwide and are associated with an overactivated sympathetic system. Although exercise training has shown promise in mitigating sympathetic stress-induced cardiac remodeling, the precise mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that exercise significantly upregulates cardiac flavin-containing monooxygenase 2 (FMO2) expression. Notably, we find that exercise training effectively counteracts sympathetic overactivation-induced cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis by enhancing FMO2 expression via adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Functional investigations employing FMO2 knockdown with adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) underscore the necessity for FMO2 expression to protect the heart during exercise in vivo. Furthermore, we identify the krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) as a transcriptional mediator of FMO2 that is crucial for the mechanism through which AMPK activation protects against sympathetic overactivation-induced cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis. Taken together, our study reveals a cardioprotective mechanism for exercise training through an AMPK-KLF4-FMO2 signaling pathway that underscores how exercise alleviates cardiac dysfunction induced by excessive sympathetic activation.
PURPOSE:To provide the title cataplasm high in percutaneous absorbability, capable of maintaining the active ingredient's concentration at a constant level in the plasma even with reduced application area, containing, as the essential ingredients, isosorbide nitrate, silicone-based tack agent and specific percutaneous absorption promoter. CONSTITUTION:The objective cataplasm containing, as the essential ingredients, (A) isosorbide nitrate having anti-stenocardiac activity, (B) a silicone-based tack agent and (C) a percutaneous absorption promoter consisting of lauryl lactate and/or lauric acid. The appropriate concentration of the component C is 5-30 (pref. 10-20)wt.% for lauryl lactate or 3-20 (pref. 5-15)wt.% for lauric acid. Use of the component B will make the present cataplasm resistant to debonding compared to conventional ones and also reduce skin irritation.
OBJECTIVE: The study received funding from Ocular Therapeutix, Inc., Bedford, MA.We undertook this study to compare the efficacy of intracanalicular dexamethasone 0.4 mg with topical prednisolone acetate (PA) 1% in controlling postoperative pain and inflammation in patients undergoing pterygium surgery.
METHODS: This was an open-label, prospective, interventional, nonrandomized comparative trial. Thirty patients were assigned to one of the following groups: Group A [intracanalicular insert of 0.4 mg dexamethasone placed into upper and lower puncta during the procedure, followed by at postoperative month 1 visit institution of topical PA 1% twice daily × 2 weeks then once daily × 2 weeks] or Group B [nonintervention group with institution on postoperative day 1 topical PA 1% every 2 hours × 2 weeks then four times per day × 2 weeks then twice daily × 2 weeks then once daily × 2 weeks].
RESULTS: Fifteen cases and 15 controls were enrolled. There was no statistical difference in patient-reported pain or satisfaction between the case and control groups at 1 day; 1 week; and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. There was no significant difference in time to an ocular hyperemia score of 0 between the two groups. There was no difference in the rate of corneal reepithelialization and recurrence rate (two controls). Nine eyes had transient ocular hypertension (seven cases and two controls).
CONCLUSION: Intracanalicular dexamethasone 0.4 mg may reduce the medication burden for patients who need prolonged postoperative steroid therapy as is routine in the setting of pterygium surgery. It is a safe and effective alternative to PA 1% drops alone for postoperative control of pain and inflammation in pterygium surgery.
AIM: To evaluate the effect of a universal, school-based family support programme on body mass index (BMI) of children aged 5-7 years, using pooled data from three trials.
METHODS: The programme has three to four components and is delivered during the first school year. It aims to promote healthy dietary and physical activity behaviours, and secondarily prevent unhealthy weight gain. Three cluster-randomised controlled trials were conducted between 2010 and 2018 in low and mixed socioeconomic status areas in Sweden. Weight and height were measured. Multiple mixed linear regression analysis was performed on the pooled data.
RESULTS: In total, 961 children were included (50% girls, mean age 6.3 years). The post-intervention effect on BMI z-score in all children was small, but in those with obesity at baseline, we observed a significant, clinically relevant, decrease in BMI z-score (-0.21). This was most pronounced in children with a non-Nordic born parent (-0.24). Five to six months after the intervention, decreases were no longer statistically significant.
CONCLUSION: The intervention resulted in changes in BMI comparable to obesity treatment programmes focusing on behaviour change. However, the effect attenuated with time suggesting the programme should be sustained and evaluated for a longer time.
The invention discloses a user psychological state assessment method and system based on NLP, comprising the following steps: first, in response to an instruction that the target user correctly wears the mental state estimation device, a device initialization operation is performed. The device includes a speaker and a microphone. And then playing the preset content through a loudspeaker, and collecting feedback of the target user on the preset content through a microphone. With this information, a dialog to be parsed is constructed. And finally, calling a pre-trained NLP model to process the dialogue to be analyzed to obtain a user psychological state assessment result corresponding to the dialogue to be analyzed. By means of the design, through natural language processing of user oral feedback, a real-time and accurate user psychological state assessment mode is provided, compared with traditional psychological assessment, assessment efficiency is remarkably improved, and due to the fact that a pre-trained NLP model is adopted, assessment results are more accurate, and emotion changes expressed by a user in a dialogue can be captured and understood.
PURPOSE: The composition for prevention and treatment of scuticociliatosis in fishes is provided to prevent or cure scuticociliatosis in fishes by having excellent insecticidal effect about scuticociliate. CONSTITUTION: The composition for prevention and treatment of scuticociliatosis in fishes contains limonene as an active ingredient. The limonene is manufactured by diluting with water after dissolving it with solvent and surfactant. The solvent uses dimethyl sulfoxide. The fish is the cultivated flatfish. The limonene is contained by 10~90 weight% based on the total weight. The method of prevention and treatment of scuticociliatosis in fishes is conducting a medicinal bath of fish in the seawater which contained the composition.
Despite significant progress over the past decades, an estimated 10.6 million individuals fell ill with tuberculosis (TB) in 2021 and the disease caused 1.6 million deaths globally. Pakistan is ranked as the 5th highest TB burden country in the world and TB causes 42,000 deaths annually in the country. A key challenge in the Pakistan's response to TB is ensuring diagnosis and treatment of all individuals with TB. In 2020, out of the 573,000 cases, a total of 276,736 (48%) were notified. Bridging this case-detection gap is a critical objective for the National TB Program (NTP). Active case-finding (ACF), is a potential strategy to increase case-detection by systematic screening of communities for TB. Recent evidence, indicates that ACF can also reduce population-level TB incidence and prevalence through early detection. While ACF interventions have demonstrated effectiveness in community-trials and are now being conducted at scale in Pakistan, concerns remain regarding their yields and cost-effectiveness in programmatic settings.

The primary aim of this study is to investigate whether a targeted approach towards community-based screening using MATCH-AI, an artificial intelligence software that models sub-district TB prevalence, can improve the yield of ACF interventions in Pakistan. In the intervention arm, field-team will conduct community-based ACF activities (called chest camps) primarily in locations predicted by MATCH-AI to have a higher prevalence of TB. In the control arm, field-teams will continue to utilize existing approaches towards camp site-selection. The trial will be conducted in 65 districts of Pakistan in collaboration with implementation partners of the NTP.