anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
ORIAHNN is contraindicated in women with current or history of thrombotic or thromboembolic disorders and in women at increased risk for these events [see Contraindications (4)]. In the Phase 3 clinical trials (Studies UF-1, UF-2, and UF-3), two thrombotic events occurred in 453 ORIAHNN-treated women (thrombosis in the calf and pulmonary embolism) [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) and Clinical Studies (14)]. Estrogen and progestin combinations, including the estradiol/norethindrone acetate component of ORIAHNN, increase the risk of thrombotic or thromboembolic disorders, including pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, stroke, and myocardial infarction, especially in women at high risk for these events. In general, the risk is greatest among women over 35 years of age who smoke, and women with uncontrolled hypertension, dyslipidemia, vascular disease, or obesity. 

Discontinue ORIAHNN if an arterial or venous thrombotic, cardiovascular, or cerebrovascular event occurs or is suspected. If feasible, discontinue ORIAHNN at least 4 to 6 weeks before surgery of the type associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism, or during periods of prolonged immobilization. 

Stop ORIAHNN immediately if there is sudden unexplained partial or complete loss of vision, proptosis, diplopia, papilledema, or retinal vascular lesions and evaluate for retinal vein thrombosis as these have been reported in patients receiving estrogens and progestins.
PURPOSE: The "early intervention" paradigm in psychiatry holds significant promise for preventing psychosis. Recent evidence showed that individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) with antipsychotic (AP) prescription at baseline have higher psychosis transition rates compared with those without AP, although the underlying cause remains unclear. In this article, we reviewed international guidelines on early intervention in CHR-P people, paying specific attention to clinical recommendations on AP treatment. Then, we comment on these suggestions in the light of recent empirical evidence examining AP prescription in CHR-P populations within "real-world" clinical settings.
METHODS: This search was conducted on PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and Google, looking for both "Guidelines AND CHR-P OR UHR OR Early Psychosis."
RESULTS: International guidelines generally recommend not using AP as first-line treatment, but only when psychosocial interventions have failed. CHR-P people with AP drug showed high prevalence rates and had more severe clinical picture at entry. Is this a "warning signal" for potentially higher psychosis transition risk? Is it a direct AP iatrogenic effect? Is it possible to detect specific CHR-P subgroup that may benefit from AP? These are the questions that this article seeks to explore.
CONCLUSIONS: The current framework for identifying CHR-P subjects has defined psychometric criteria mainly based on positive symptoms. In our opinion, this is reductive, especially for evaluating therapeutic outcomes and prognosis. A more comprehensive assessment considering quality of life, psychiatric comorbidity, persistent negative symptoms, subjective experience of CHR-P psychopathology, and social/personal recovery is thus needed.
One Health Syndromic Surveillance has a high potential for detecting early epidemiological events in remote and hard-to-reach populations. Chadian pastoralists living close to their animals and being socio-economically unprivileged have an increased risk for zoonosis exposure. Engaging communities in disease surveillance could also strengthen preparedness capacities for outbreaks in rural Chad. This study describes a retrospective cross-sectional survey that collected data on clinical symptoms reported in people and livestock in Chadian agro-pastoral communities. In January-February 2018, interviews were conducted in rural households living in nomadic camps or settled villages in the Yao and Danamadji health districts. The questionnaire covered demographic data and symptoms reported in humans and animals for the hot, wet, and cold seasons over the last 12 months. Incidence rates of human and animal symptoms were comparatively analyzed at the household level. Ninety-two households with a homogeneous socio-demographic distribution were included. We observed cough and diarrhea as the most frequent symptoms reported simultaneously in humans and animals. In all species, the incidence rate of cough was significantly higher during the cold season, and diarrhea tended to occur more frequently during the wet season. However, the incidence rate of cough and diarrhea in animals did not predict the incidence rate of these symptoms in humans. Overall, the variations in reported symptoms were consistent with known seasonal, regional, and sociological influences on endemic diseases. Our retrospective study demonstrated the feasibility of collecting relevant health data in humans and animals in remote regions with low access to health services by actively involving community members. This encourages establishing real-time community-based syndromic surveillance in areas such as rural Chad.
Cervical cancer is caused mostly by human papillomavirus (HPV), and several HPV vaccines have been developed to prevent its onset. Vaccines include antigens as well as adjuvants, with adjuvants playing an important role in activating the innate immune responses necessary for inducing adaptive immunological responses. Recent research has shown the presence of trained immunity inside the innate immune system. However, trained immunity conferred by HPV vaccinations is not well understood. In this work, we explored the innate immune responses and trained immunity caused by two HPV vaccines, Cervarix and Gardasil. Cervarix includes monophosphoryl lipid A and an aluminum adjuvant, and it significantly increased the expression of IL-6 and IFN-β mRNAs in RAW264.7 cells. On the contrary, Gardasil, which only includes an aluminum adjuvant, exhibited little cytokine expression but increased the expression of TLRs. Furthermore, Cervarix significantly increased IL-1β secretion from mouse macrophages, while Gardasil only mildly induced IL-1β secretion. Interestingly, initial stimulation with Gardasil enhanced the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α mRNAs upon secondary stimulation with TLR ligands, indicating that Gardasil induced trained immunity in macrophages. Moreover, Gardasil injection into mice resulted in enhanced TNF-α production in sera following secondary TLR stimulation. Our findings suggest that HPV vaccinations have the ability to induce trained immunity that modulate TLR ligand responses.
BACKGROUND: Allergic diseases (ADs) such as asthma are presumed risk factors for COVID-19 infection. However, recent observational studies suggest that the assumed correlation contradicts each other. We therefore systematically investigated the genetic causal correlations between various ADs and COVID-19 infection/severity.
METHODS: We performed a two-sample, bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study for five types of ADs and the latest round of COVID-19 GWAS meta-analysis datasets (critically ill, hospitalized, and infection cases). We also further validated the significant causal correlations and elucidated the potential underlying molecular mechanisms.
RESULTS: With the most suitable MR method, asthma consistently demonstrated causal protective effects on critically ill and hospitalized COVID-19 cases (OR < 0.93, p < 2.01 × 10-2), which were further confirmed by another validated GWAS dataset (OR < 0.92, p < 4.22 × 10-3). In addition, our MR analyses also observed significant causal correlations of food allergies such as shrimp allergy with the risk of COVID-19 infection/severity. However, we did not find any significant causal effect of COVID-19 phenotypes on the risk of ADs. Regarding the underlying molecular mechanisms, not only multiple immune-related cells such as CD4+ T, CD8+ T and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells showed significant causal effects on COVID-19 phenotypes and various ADs, the hematology traits including monocytes were also significantly correlated with them. Conversely, various ADs such as asthma and shrimp allergy may be causally correlated with COVID-19 infection/severity by affecting multiple hematological traits and immune-related cells.
CONCLUSIONS: Our systematic and bidirectional MR analyses suggest a unidirectional causal effect of various ADs, particularly of asthma on COVID-19 infection/severity, but the reverse is not true. The potential underlying molecular mechanisms of the causal effects call for more attention to clinical monitoring of hematological cells/traits and may be beneficial in developing effective therapeutic strategies for allergic patients following infection with COVID-19.
At present, the consumption of alcohol and alcohol use disorder (AUD) constitute a public health crisis. Due to the neurobiological complexity of AUD, the development of new treatments requires a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying etiology and course of AUD. This includes the degree to which cannabis use may reduce or enhance harms of alcohol consumption through cannabinoid influence on gut and immune functions. One potential mechanism through which cannabinoids may exert beneficial effects in heavy drinkers is through their role in modulating the gut microbiome and immune system, which have been found to be disrupted by alcohol. However, it is also possible that cannabinoids, specifically delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), may confer harms in heavy drinkers by enhancing the intoxicating effects of alcohol. The current study will be the first to explore the acute and long-term effects of cannabis on alcohol use and neurobehavioral phenotypes, including alcohol craving, impulsivity, and impaired cognition, as well as the impact of cannabinoids on the microbiota-gut-brain-axis (MGBA) in human non-treatment-seeking, regular-cannabis-using heavy drinkers.

This study examines the effects of legal market cannabis on acute and long-term alcohol use, (specifically the effects of alcohol and cannabis use on gut microbiome and inflammatory markers in the blood) in a 4-week, observational design using both traditional and mobile lab settings, as well as self-report, daily diary methodology. Participants will complete two Phases (A and B) following by two visits to our mobile laboratory (Visits A and B), the order of which will be counterbalanced across participants so that half of participants will complete phase A/visit A first, and the other half will complete Phase B/Visit B first. Phase A involves 2 weeks of no cannabis use followed by a mobile lab session (Visit A), involving biological sample collection, neurobehavioral testing and an alcohol self-administration task. Phase B involves 2 weeks of ad lib use of participant preferred cannabis product, followed by a session in the mobile lab session (Visit B) in which participants will complete the same neurobehavioral tasks, biological sample collection, and alcohol self-administration task immediately following acute ingestion of preferred cannabis strain in participant homes.
Penicillins produced by fermentation in the presence of a precursor, or their water-soluble salts, are stabilized in aqueous solution by the addition thereto of a water-soluble therapeutically acceptable polyacetic acid or a polyacetic acid salt.  Typical polyacetic acids are ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid, N-hydroxyethylene diamine pentaacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid and 1,2-diamino-cyclohexen tetraacetic acid.ALSO:Penicillins produced by fermentation in the presence of a precursor, or their water-soluble salts, are stabilized in aqueous solution by the addition thereto of a water-soluble thereapeutically acceptable polyacetic acid or polyacetic acid salt.  Typical polyacetic acids are ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, diethylene triaminepentaacetic acid, N-hydroxyethylene p  diaminepentaacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid and 1,2-diaminocyclohexane tetraacetic acid.  Typical penicillins are dimethoxy phenyl penicillin, phenoxyethyl penicillin, phenoxylmethyl penicillin, phenoxy benzyl penicillin, a -amino phenyl penicillin, p-amino benzyl penicillin, a -phenoxy propyl penicillin and methyl phenyl isoxazolyl penicillin. Preferred salts are alkalimetal salts e.g. sodium.  The compositions may be used orally or parenterally.
Single abdominal subcutaneous injection of the study drug will be given on D1. The administration and follow-up observation period will be 29 days (D1\~D29). Participants may be discharged at D7 at the judgment of the investigator. PK blood samples will be collected from D-1 to D14, tolerance and safety will be observed from D1 to D29, and blood samples for PD and anti-drug antibody (ADA) will be collected from screening to D29. After completion of relevant assessments on D29, participants will be considered as having completed this study.
Four infusions of ketamine will be administered over two weeks. The first two infusions will be dosed at 0.5mg/kg over a period of 40 minutes. For infusions 3 and 4, patients will be flexibly dosed between 0.5 mg/kg to 0.75 mg/kg, depending on clinical response to first two infusions.
Through the use of genetic sequencing, molecular variants driving autoimmunity are increasingly identified in patients with chronic and refractory immune cytopenias. With the goal of discovering genetic variants that predispose to pediatric immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) or increase risk for chronic disease, we conducted a genome-wide association study in a large multi-institutional cohort of pediatric patients with ITP. A total of 591 patients were genotyped using an Illumina Global Screening Array BeadChip. Six variants met genome-wide significance in comparison between children with ITP and a cohort of healthy children. One variant in NAV2 was inversely associated with ITP (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.52; P = 3.2 × 10-11). Two other variants in close proximity to NKD1 were also inversely associated with ITP (aOR, 0.43; P = 8.86 × 10-15; aOR, 0.48; P = 1.84 × 10-16). These genes have been linked to the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. No variants met genome-wide significance in comparison of those with ITP that self-resolved in <1 year versus those who developed chronic ITP. This study identifies genetic variants that may contribute to ITP risk and raises a novel pathway with a potential role in ITP pathogenesis.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate both the short-term and long-term outcomes of odontoid screw fixation (OSF), identifying potential risk factors for implant-related complications in patients with odontoid fractures.
METHODS: This is a retrospective observational cohort study. Inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) Type II fractures and rostral Type III fractures, according to the Anderson and D'Alonzo classification; 2) patients older than 15 years. Exclusion criteria were: 1) other Type III injuries; 2) osteoporosis confirmed by densitometry or a CT bone density score below 100 Hounsfield units; 3) odontoid fractures related to tumors or aneurysmal bone cysts.
RESULTS: In total, 56 patients were considered for the analysis of short-term results, and 26 patients were evaluated for long-term outcomes. No significant differences were observed in the preoperative imaging data and intraoperative features of OSF between patients with Type II and rostral Type III fractures. The mean operative duration was 63.9 ± 20.9 min, and the mean intraoperative blood loss was 22.1 ± 22.9 ml. Screw cut-out was identified in four patients with rostral Type III fractures (p = 0.04). The rate of screw cut-out was found to correlate with the degree of dens fragment displacement. The bone fusion rate was 95.7%. CT scans identified stable pseudarthrosis in two cases. We observed C2-C3 ankylosis in all cases following partial disc resection. One third of patients with screws placed through the anterior lip of C2 showed no C2-C3 ankylosis. A strong trend towards lateral joint ankylosis formation in patients with a median lateral mass dislocation of 11.9 mm was observed. Most SF-36 scores either matched or exceeded the corresponding normal median values in the published reference database.
CONCLUSIONS: OSF is a reliable treatment method of Type II and rostral Type III odontoid fractures with fragment displacement of 4 mm or less. The minimally invasive OSF through the anterior-inferior lip of C2, using monocortical screw placement and cannulated instruments, without rigid intraoperative head immobilization, is sufficient to achieve favorable clinical and fusion results. This technique reduces the risk of ankylosis in the C2-C3 segment. OSF restore the quality of life for patients with odontoid fractures to levels comparable to those of the general population norm.
This study builds upon our group's work where we characterized cardiovascular and skeletal muscle structure and function of community-based older adults. In this proposal, we will identify n=100 participants with cardio-sarcopenia phenotype. Comparing between participants with baseline low versus high levels of physical activity, we will investigate temporal changes in their cardiovascular, skeletal muscle, biomarkers and BMI data, over a six- to twelve month period. Physical activity will include subjective self-reported physical activities and objective measures of aerobic capacity. Their physical activity levels will be verified bi-monthly via physical activity and cardiac health application that measures these markers. Pertinent fluctuations in diet, lifestyle, risk factors and biomarkers will also be recorded.
Cephalexin capsules, USP is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibacterial drug intended for oral administration. It is 7-(D-α-Amino-α-phenylacetamido)-3-methyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid monohydrate. Cephalexin has the molecular formula C16H17N3O4S∙H2O and the molecular weight is 365.41.

Cephalexin has the following structural formula:

Each capsule contains cephalexin monohydrate equivalent to 250 mg or 500 mg of cephalexin. The capsules also contain inactive ingredients: magnesium stearate, sodium starch glycolate, lactose monohydrate, talc, colloidal silicone dioxide. The capsule shells contain gelatin, titanium dioxide, FD&C Blue No. 1, FD&C Yellow No. 5. The imprinting ink components on 250 mg and 500 mg capsules: shellac, dehydrated alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, propylene glycol, purified water, strong ammonia solution, potassium hydroxide and black iron oxide.
Arm designed to validate SVC-CI during laparotomy, ventilated with high PEEP levels (8-10cmH2O). PEEP will be raised transiently during measurements (n=50).
The prognosis of AIDS-related Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is poor, especially in the relapsed setting. There is no standard treatment, and the few small studies that have been conducted have reported dismal outcomes. The purpose of this study is to pilot the use of EPOCH plus rituximab in previously treated AIDS-related lymphoma. Clinical endpoints of the study include toxicity and response. Progression-free and overall survival will be measured. Tumors will be evaluated for p53 mutations, p-16, bcl-2 expression, tumor proliferation, c-myc and EBV when possible.
A carrier-based root canal sealer, wherein a carrier core is provided with predetermined surface features comprising protrusions distributed axially and/or circumferentially along a surface of the carrier core. The protrusion provides a stop and also provides support for the surface-applied layer of dental filling/sealing material to guide the insertion and seating of the carrier-based sealer in the root canal. The carrier core includes a conical body having a planar surface in an axial direction, the surface having a conical taper. The surface features defined at the surface of the conical body include discrete protrusions at two or more axial locations. In one embodiment, the height of the protrusions is substantially flush with the outer surface of the coating material. In manufacture, the protrusions of the carrier core provide a mechanism to set the thickness at which the surface coating is overmolded onto the carrier core.
Preliminary studies demonstrated beneficial effects of dietary creatine across different post-viral fatigue syndromes. Creatine is often co-administered with glucose to improve its potency yet whether glucose boost the efficacy of creatine in long COVID remains currently unknown. In this report, we investigate the effects of 8-wk creatine intake with and without glucose on patient-reported outcomes, exercise tolerance, and tissue creatine levels in patients with long COVID. Fifteen male and female long COVID adult patients (age 39.7±16.0 y; 9 women) with moderate fatigue and at least one of additional long COVID-related symptoms volunteered to participate in this randomized controlled parallel-group interventional trial. All patients were allocated in a double-blind parallel-group design (1 : 1 : 1) to receive creatine (8 g of creatine monohydrate per day), a mixture of creatine and glucose (8 g of creatine monohydrate and 3 g of glucose per day), or placebo (3 g of glucose per day) t.i.d. during an 8-wk intervention interval. Two-way ANOVA with repeated measures (treatment vs. time interaction) revealed significant differences in changes in total creatine levels between the groups, showing an interaction effect at two brain locations (right precentral white matter F=34.740, p=0.008; partial η2=0.72; left paracentral grey matter F=19.243, p=0.019; partial η2=0.88), with creatine and creatine-glucose outcompeted placebo to elevate creatine levels at these two locations. Several long COVID symptoms (including body aches, breathing problems, difficulties concentrating, headache, and general malaise) were significantly reduced in creatine-glucose group at 8-wk follow-up (p≤0.05); the effect sizes for reducing body aches, difficulties concentrating, and headache were 1.33, 0.80, and 1.12, respectively, suggesting a large effect of creatine-glucose mixture for these outcomes. Our preliminary findings suggest that supplying exogenous creatine with glucose could be recommended as an effective procedure in replenishing brain creatine pool and alleviating long COVID features in this prevalent condition.
The molecular landscape of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has been extensively characterized, and various potent prognostic biomarkers were discovered. The genetic composition of the B-cell receptor (BCR) immunoglobulin (IG) was shown to be especially powerful for discerning indolent from aggressive disease at diagnosis. Classification based on the IG heavy chain variable gene (IGHV) somatic hypermutation status is routinely applied. Additionally, BCR IGH stereotypy has been implicated to improve risk stratification, through characterization of subsets with consistent clinical profiles. Despite these advances, it remains challenging to predict when CLL progresses to requiring first-line therapy, thus emphasizing the need for further refinement of prognostic indicators. Signaling pathways downstream of the BCR are essential in CLL pathogenesis, and dysregulated components within these pathways impact disease progression. Considering not only genomics but the entirety of factors shaping BCR signaling activity, this review offers insights in the disease for better prognostic assessment of CLL.
In this Group Supervised general fitness exercises including general body stretches, treadmill walking, mild to moderate intensity progressive resistance training \& balance exercises will be given. 2 times/week for 40-50minutes session progressively over the duration of 8 months.