anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of medicine, in particular, to ophthalmology. Therapeutic medication against keratoconjunctival disturbance is represented by compound of general formula , or its salt. In the given formula Y ring represents substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring; R1 represents carboxy group or substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing 5-member heterocyclic ring; Both R2 and R3 can be the same or different and represent hydrogen atom, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group. In said formula X represents or . ^ EFFECT: invention ensures effect in treatment of keratoconjunctival disturbance, such as dry eyes, cornea ulcer, keratitis pr conjunctitis. ^ 32 cl, 3 tbl, 8 ex
PURPOSE:A hemostatic agent, obtained by fixing thrombin and blood coagulation factor VIII on a carrier which is fibers, etc. made from a biologically absorbable substance having a specific water absorption as a material, and having a diameter, thickness and fiber length within specific ranges, and having high hemostatic ability. CONSTITUTION:A hemostatic agent obtained by fixing thrombin and blood coagulation factor VIII on a carrier which is flakes having <=5,000mu major axis, <=3,000mu minor axis and <=2,000mu thickness or fibers having <=30 deniers fiber fineness and <=10mm. fiber length, made from a biologically absorbable substance, expressed by the formula as a material, e.g. collagen. The above-mentioned hemostatic agent is most suitably used for hemostasis for hemorrhage by puncture method or after operation of biopsy to give rapid hemostatics. The hemostatis is obtained by using the above-mentioned agent after the operation even in the case in which the operation cannot be carried out due to recognized increase in the hemorrhagic tendency in a preoperative test, and the operation is possible. The agent is suitably used as an embolic material in the vascular obstruction therapy.
The duration of treatment will vary with the type of lesion and may extend from a few days to several weeks, according to therapeutic response. Relapses, more common in chronic active lesions than in self-limited conditions, usually respond to treatment.

Eye: Instill one or two drops of solution into the conjunctival sac every hour during the day and every two hours during the night as initial therapy. When a favorable response is observed, reduce dosage to one drop every four hours. Later, further reduction in dosage to one drop three or four times daily may suffice to control symptoms. 

Ear: Clean the aural canal thoroughly and sponge dry. Instill the solution directly into the aural canal. A suggested initial dosage is three or four drops two or three times a day. When a favorable response is obtained, reduce dosage gradually and eventually discontinue. 

If preferred, the aural canal may be packed with a gauze wick saturated with solution. Keep the wick moist with the preparation and remove from the ear after 12 to 24 hours. Treatment may be repeated as often as necessary at the discretion of the physician.
Participants in the 1L Gastric Cancer Control arm will receive modified FOLFOX6 (mFOLFOX6) treatment consisting of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin (folinic acid), and oxaliplatin. Participants who progressed on treatment may have the option of receiving Atezolizumab + Cobimetinib treatment, provided they meet the eligibility criteria. No longer enrolling participants as of June 2018.
BACKGROUND: HIV remains a leading cause of death for adolescents and young people aged 10-24 years. HIV prevention requires multisectoral approaches that target adolescents and young people, addressing HIV risk pathways (e.g., transactional sex, gender-based violence, and school attendance) through bundled interventions that combine economic strengthening, health capabilities, and gender equality education. However, best practices are unknown because evidence on multisectoral programming targeted to adolescents and combining these components has not been systematically reviewed.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic review to summarize the evidence on bundled interventions combining health and economic strengthening components for adolescents and young people and their effects on HIV/STI incidence and risk factors. We included studies from Africa published between 2005 and 2023, combining at least one economic strengthening and one health component, directed toward adolescents and young people aged 10-24 years. Included studies measured programmatic impacts on primary outcomes: HIV and STI incidence/prevalence; and mediators as secondary outcomes: sexual behaviours, sexual and reproductive health, school attendance, health-seeking behaviours, and violence. We conducted key word searches in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, imported titles/abstracts from the initial search, and reviewed them using the inclusion criteria. Full texts of selected articles were reviewed and information was extracted for analysis. Findings from the full texts identified were summarized.
RESULTS: We reviewed 58 studies, including 43 quantitative studies and 15 qualitative studies, evaluating 26 unique interventions. A majority of studies reviewed were conducted in Eastern and Southern Africa. Interventions reviewed showed a greater number of significant results in improving economic outcomes; mental health and psychosocial outcomes; sexual and reproductive health knowledge and services utilization; and HIV prevention knowledge and testing. They showed fewer significant results in improving outcomes related to HIV incidence/prevalence; sexual risk behaviours; gender-based violence; gender attitudes; education; STI incidence, prevalence and testing; and sexual debut.
CONCLUSIONS: Our review demonstrated the potential for bundled, multisectoral interventions for preventing HIV and facilitating safe transitions to adulthood. Findings have implications for designing HIV sensitive programmes on a larger scale, including how interventions may need to address multiple strata of the social ecological model to achieve success in the prevention of HIV and related pathways.
The invention provides a florfenicol capsule for silkworm. The florfenicol technical powder is mixed evenly with solubilization addition agent at a matching of 1 to 2 to 3 before measuring and encapsuling. When using, the materials in the capsule are dissolved by water and blended evenly in order to obtain medical solution with concentration of 50 to 100 Mug/ml. The medical solution is sprayed on the mulberry leaves at weight ratio of 1 to 10 to 20. 3-instar silkworms lick once pre day, 4-instar silkworms lick once to twice pre day, 5-instar silkworms lick three times to four times pre day since first feeding. When sick silkworm appears, the medical solution is licked once per eight hours until recovering. The florfenicol capsule has the advantages of good control effect to bacteriosis for silkworm, simple production technology, low cost, none environmental pollution and residue, good improvements of quality and yield of cocoon and good economic and social benefits.
BACKGROUND: Within the spectrum of melanocytic-differentiated tumors, the challenge faced by pathologists is discerning accurate diagnoses, with clear cell sarcoma of soft tissues standing out as a rare and aggressive neoplasm originating from the neural crest. Accounting for 1% of all soft tissue sarcomas, clear cell sarcoma of soft tissues poses diagnostic complexities, often misidentified owing to its phenotypic resemblance to malignant melanoma. This chapter delves into the intricacies of clear cell sarcoma of soft tissues, its epidemiology, characteristic manifestations, and the imperative need for a comprehensive diagnostic approach involving immunohistochemical and molecular analyses.
CASE PRESENTATION: A compelling case unfolds as a 25-year-old male from Morocco, initially misdiagnosed with malignant melanoma, experiences tumor recurrence on the second toe. With no history of trauma or familial neoplasia, the patient's clinical journey is explored, emphasizing the importance of detailed clinical examinations and radiological assessments. The chapter elucidates the histopathological findings, immunohistochemical spectrum, and the correlation between clinical parameters and diagnostic inference, ultimately leading to metatarsal amputation. This clinical vignette highlights the multidimensional diagnostic process in soft tissue neoplasms, emphasizing the synergistic role of clinical, radiological, and histopathological insights.
CONCLUSION: The diagnostic challenges inherent in melanocytic-differentiated tumors, exemplified by the rarity of soft tissue clear cell sarcoma, underscore the essential role of an integrated diagnostic approach. This concluding chapter emphasizes the perpetual collaboration required across pathology, clinical medicine, and radiology for nuanced diagnostic precision and tailored therapeutic strategies. The rarity of these soft tissue malignancies necessitates ongoing interdisciplinary engagement, ensuring the optimization of prognosis and treatment modalities through a comprehensive understanding of the diagnostic intricacies presented by clear cell sarcoma of soft tissues.
OBJECTIVE: People who hear voices (auditory verbal hallucinations) often have post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Cognitive behavioural therapies (CBT) have yielded inconsistent findings when treating voices and PTSD symptoms in voice hearers. Preliminary evidence suggests imagery rescripting (ImRs) is associated with large reductions in voice hearing and PTSD symptoms. This study replicated past studies using a larger sample to examine the effectiveness of ImRs in reducing such symptoms.
METHOD: Participants (N = 49; 65.3% female; Mage = 35.86) were clients at an Australian transdiagnostic clinic for voice hearers. A one-arm open trial design was used with three pre-treatment baselines and a mid-treatment, post-treatment and 3-month follow up assessments of PTSD symptoms (Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale for DSM-5), voices (Hamilton Program for Schizophrenia Voices Questionnaire) and emotional symptoms (Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales-21). Five single-item measures were administered weekly to explore the trajectories of change in trauma intrusions, voice-related distress, voice frequency and positive and negative voice valance.
RESULTS: ImRs was associated with very large reductions in PTSD symptoms and voices (both emotional and physical characteristics of voices) and emotional symptoms at post-treatment and follow-up (η2 p = 0.24-0.44). There were medium-large to large reductions in weekly symptoms of intrusions, voice-related distress, voice frequency and negative voices (η2 p = 0.12-0.16) and a non-significant increase in positive voices (η2 p = 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides further evidence that ImRs is an effective treatment for voices and PTSD symptoms in voice hearers with a range of diagnoses. Randomised controlled trials are needed to compare the efficacy of ImRs to CBT protocols.
While many seizure detection methods have demonstrated great accuracy, their training necessitates a substantial volume of labeled data. To address this issue, we propose a novel method for unsupervised seizure anomaly detection called SAnoDDPM, which uses denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPM). We designed a novel pipeline that uses a variable lower bound on Markov chains to identify potential values that are unlikely to occur in anomalous data. The model is first trained on normal data, then anomalous data is input to the trained model. The model resamples the anomalous data and converts it to normal data. Finally, the presence of seizures can be determined by comparing the before and after data. Moreover, the input 2D spectrograms are encoded into vector-quantized representations, which enables powerful and efficient DDPM while maintaining its quality. Experimental comparisons on the publicly available datasets, CHB-MIT and TUH, show that our method delivers better results, significantly reduces inference time, and is suitable for deployment in a clinical environments. As far as we are aware, this is the first DDPM-based method for seizure anomaly detection. This novel approach significantly contributes to the progression of seizure detection algorithms, thereby augmenting their practicality in clinical settings.
OBJECTIVE: Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis frequently cooccur in patients with multiple autoimmune conditions, but the specific association between UC and hypothyroidism is unknown. We used Mendelian randomization (MR) methods to determine the causal relationship between UC and hypothyroidism.
METHODS: We obtained single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to ulcerative colitis (UC) and hypothyroidism from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) available in the public database of the Integrated Epidemiology Unit (IEU). To assess the causal relationship between UC and hypothyroidism, we employed MR-Egger, weighted median, inverse variance weighted (IVW), simple mode, and weighted mode methods. Sensitivity analyses were performed using Cochran's Q test, the horizontal pleiotropy test, and the leave-one-out (LOO) method to assess the reliability of the MR data. The genes corresponding to instrumental variables (IVs) were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation, Kyoto Encyclopedia of the Genome (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis to explore the mechanisms behind the causal relationships at the gene level.
RESULTS: Forward MR analysis indicated that hypothyroidism was associated with an increased risk of UC (IVW: P = 0.02, OR = 9.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.36-69.46). In contrast, reverse MR did not demonstrate a causal relationship between UC and hypothyroidism (IVW: P = 0.53). Sensitivity analysis proved the reliability of the results. The PPI network revealed CD247, CD80, and STAT4 as central genes. GO and KEGG analyses revealed significant enrichment of the T cell, gamma interferon (IFN-γ), and programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) pathways.
CONCLUSION: Hypothyroidism was a risk factor for UC. The balance of T-cell differentiation played an important role in the process of hypothyroidism-induced UC, and IL-21 might be the key to finding a cure. Enrichment of PD-1/PD-L1 might attenuate inflammation by suppressing the immune action of T cells.
Patients receive oral carboxyamidotriazole (CAI) as a test dose on day 1. Patients receive oral ketoconazole on day 7, followed by CAI plus ketoconazole on day 8. CAI and ketoconazole are administered in combination on day 1 and days 3-28 of the first course. Ketoconazole is administered alone on day 2 of the first course. Subsequent courses begin at 28 day intervals in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxic effects. Cohorts of 3 patients are evaluated at each dose level prior to dose escalation. If one of three patients within a cohort experiences dose limiting toxicity (DLT), that dose level is expanded to incorporate six patients. If two or more patients experience DLT, the next lower dose is declared to be the maximum tolerated dose.
Moebius syndrome (MBS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by non-progressive facial palsy and ocular abduction paralysis. Most cases are sporadic, but also rare familial cases with autosomal dominant transmission and incomplete penetrance/variable expressivity have been described. The genetic etiology of MBS is still unclear: de novo pathogenic variants in REV3L and PLXND1 are reported in only a minority of cases, suggesting the involvement of additional causative genes. With the aim to uncover the molecular causative defect and identify a potential genetic basis of this condition, we performed trio-WES on a cohort of 37 MBS and MBS-like patients. No de novo variants emerged in REV3L and PLXND1. We then proceeded with a cohort analysis to identify possible common causative genes among all patients and a trio-based analysis using an in silico panel of candidate genes. However, identified variants emerging from both approaches were considered unlikely to be causative of MBS, mainly due to the lack of clinical overlap. In conclusion, despite this large cohort, WES failed to identify mutations possibly associated with MBS, further supporting the heterogeneity of this syndrome, and suggesting the need for integrated omics approaches to identify the molecular causes underlying MBS development.
Trigger finger ( TF) is a pathologic problem of the finger leads to a painful tendon snap or click on flexion and extension, and/or locking of the metacarpophalangealor proximal interphalngeal joint (1) . Entrapment of the affected tendon at the first annular (A1) pulley occurs because of a differencein the diameter of the flexor tendon and its sheath as a result of thickening of the sheath and or localized tendon thickening.(1) . Most cases of trigger fingers are idiopathic and the incidence is around 28 cases per 100 000 population per year, or a lifetime risk of 2.6% in the general population and about 10% of patients are diabetics (1). Women are usually more affected than men, usually in the fifth and sixth decades(2) it is more common in women than in men, usually in the dominant hand, and most often in the thumb or ring fingers followed . (2) The diagnosis of trigger finger is based mainly on the medical history and clinical examination. The most important characteristic clinical sign is the mechanical blocking of the finger when flexed with painful snapping extended. (3). Management includes many options such as conservative treatment in the form of splinting, physical therapy, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and local steroid injections, and surgical pulley release
The type of form-meaning mapping for iconic signs can vary. For perceptually-iconic signs there is a correspondence between visual features of a referent (e.g., the beak of a bird) and the form of the sign (e.g., extended thumb and index finger at the mouth for the American Sign Language (ASL) sign BIRD). For motorically-iconic signs there is a correspondence between how an object is held/manipulated and the form of the sign (e.g., the ASL sign FLUTE depicts how a flute is played). Previous studies have found that iconic signs are retrieved faster in picture-naming tasks, but type of iconicity has not been manipulated. We conducted an ERP study in which deaf signers and a control group of English speakers named pictures that targeted perceptually-iconic, motorically-iconic, or non-iconic ASL signs. For signers (unlike the control group), naming latencies varied by iconicity type: perceptually-iconic < motorically-iconic < non-iconic signs. A reduction in the N400 amplitude was only found for the perceptually-iconic signs, compared to both non-iconic and motorically-iconic signs. No modulations of N400 amplitudes were observed for the control group. We suggest that this pattern of results arises because pictures eliciting perceptually-iconic signs can more effectively prime lexical access due to greater alignment between features of the picture and the semantic and phonological features of the sign. We speculate that naming latencies are facilitated for motorically-iconic signs due to later processes (e.g., faster phonological encoding via cascading activation from semantic features). Overall, the results indicate that type of iconicity plays role in sign production when elicited by picture-naming tasks.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To confirm and identify a new polycerase I protein, utilize the information to measure the protein, obtain a means for elucidating its physiological activity, biological activity and the like, and further utilize the means for the diagnosis, cause elucidation and risk prediction of the physiological phenomenon and related diseases caused by the protein.  <P>SOLUTION: Researches paying attention on serine proteases to perfectly obtain degradome have been performed. Consequently, a gene in which a series of proteases are tightly arranged in a line has been identified. By the elucidation of the gene and the structure of the protein [polycerase I] encoded in the gene, the protein can be measured by a genetic recombination technique or the like. The means for elucidating the physiological activity, biological activity and the like can be obtained, and utilized for the diagnosis, cause elucidation and risk prediction of the physiological phenomenon and related diseases caused by the protein.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
The invention provides a kit comprising a satiety inducing component A, useful for the treatment and/or prevention of obesity; and a component B complementing component A. Component A comprises a first ingestible solid formulation of a lipid material and a water-swellable or water-soluble polymer, said first ingestible solid formulation being provided in form of ingestible particles that may be used as a partial or full meal replacement. Component B complements component A in that it provides e.g. specific nutrients such as unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, proteins, amino acids, micro- nutrients, dietary elements, dietary fibres or combinations thereof to a human subject in order to reduce the risk of any deficiencies thereof during a dieting schedule. These nutrients in component B may be provided in an oil, a granulate and/or a powder or powder blend. Alternatively, component B may comprise a second ingestible solid formulation similar to the first ingestible solid formulation, which may be provided in form of ingestible particles, but also in other forms than component A, e.g. as snack-bars.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an orifice device for delivering one or a plurality of drugs.  <P>SOLUTION: The orifice device for delivering one or a plurality of drugs includes an inner member having a proximal end and a distal end; and a winding helically wound around the inner member. The winding includes a plurality of discrete wires helically wound in parallel around the inner member. The winding and the inner member define at least three separate channels for carrying one or a plurality of drugs therethrough. An inlet is at the proximal end of the winding and an outlet is at the distal end of the winding for the plurality of discrete wires. In some embodiments, at least two of the plurality of discrete wires have a different dimension. An outer member is disposed over the winding. Also, at least two of the plurality of discrete wires have a different fluid flow rate. And, in some embodiments, at least two of the plurality of distinct wires can carry a different type of drug.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is associated with several types of human cancers, and changes in DNA methylation are reported to contribute to viral-driven carcinogenesis, particularly in cancers of epithelial origin. In a previous study, we demonstrated that EBV infects human primary colonic cells (HCoEpC) and replicates within these cells, leading to pro-inflammatory and pro-tumorigenic effects. Notably, these effects were mostly prevented by inhibiting viral replication with PAA. Interestingly, the EBV-induced effects correlated with the upregulation of DNMT1 and were counteracted by pretreating cells with 5-AZA, suggesting a role for DNA hypermethylation. Building on this background, the current study investigates the methylation changes induced by EBV infection in HCoEpC, both in the presence and absence of PAA, or ERK1/2 and STAT3 inhibitors, pathways known to be activated by EBV and involved in the dysregulation of methylation in tumor cells. The genome-wide methylation analysis conducted in this study allowed us to identify several biological processes and genes affected by these epigenetic changes, providing insights into the possible underlying mechanisms leading to the pathological effects induced by EBV. Specifically, we found that the virus induced significant methylation changes, with hypermethylation being more prevalent than hypomethylation. Several genes involved in embryogenesis, carcinogenesis, and inflammation were affected.