anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) accounts for 6% of all cancer related deaths in Denmark, and the 5-year survival rate is only 8%. PDAC develops from precursor lesions with pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (panIN) being the most common, and cystic lesions as a second precursor. Unlike panINs, which are too small for detection with current imaging modalities, cystic lesions of the pancreas are increasingly diagnosed due to the extended use of cross-sectional imaging. Pancreatic cystic lesions may be observed in up to 13.5% of all MRI scans and 3% of all CT scans. There are several types of pancreatic cysts and each of them requires individual management, ranging from no treatment over watchful waiting to surgical resection according to their malignant potential.

Standard diagnostic workup includes cross-sectional imaging of the cystic lesions and, in selected cases endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with aspiration of cyst fluid by fine needle aspiration (FNA), followed by cyst fluid cytology and tumor marker analysis. The diagnostic algorithm is based on International consensus guidelines established in 2006, and revised in 2012 and 2017, integrating clinical features with EUS-findings. The level of evidence in these guidelines is unfortunately low. A recent meta-analysis concluded that EUS and cyst fluid cytology have low sensitivity (54-63%), whereas the specificity is acceptable (88-92%) for detection of mucinous cysts. Low sensitivity is mainly due to absence of sufficient cellular material in the cyst fluid for definite diagnosis. Tumor marker analysis of cyst fluid, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA 72.4, CA 125, CA 19.9, and CA 15.3, have been studied extensively with CEA being the most accurate marker. A cut-off value of 192 ng/mL for CEA distinguishes mucinous from non-mucinous cysts with a good, albeit imperfect, accuracy of 80%. However, the value will not differentiate between IPMN and MCN, and more importantly, it does not correlate with the level of dysplasia or malignancy.

EUS-guided through-the-needle microbiopsy using the Moray™ forceps is a novel adjunctive. The device can be inserted through a EUS-FNA needle and used to obtain microbiopsies from different tissues in relationship to the gastrointestinal system. This instrument can be used in combination with EUS-FNA to subsequently obtain microbiopsies from the pancreatic cyst wall. Microbiopsies seem to represent a break-through in pre-operative classification of pancreatic cysts, as they provide histological material for examination of tissue architecture not readily accessible in FNA material. However, very little experience has been obtained hitherto. Even though this technique is currently described only in a few studies, it seems feasible and theoretically offers a higher quality of material than what can be obtained by EUS-FNA alone.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an adjustable lower extremity abduction apparatus on the prevention of dislocation, activities of daily life and gait after total hip replacement (THR). The study was a randomised controlled trial. It was conducted on the inpatient floor of a Training and Research Hospital in Istanbul between November 2021 and 16 October 2023 with patients who had femoral neck fracture surgery. All patients admitted to this clinic for surgical intervention constituted the population of the study. In the study, 30 patients aged 50-80 years were included in the intervention group using the adjustable lower extremity abduction apparatus developed within the scope of the thesis, and 30 patients using the pillow in routine practice were included in the control group. Patient Introduction Form, Standardized Mini-Mental State Test, Patient Mobility Scale, Modified Barthel Activities of Daily Living Index, Apparatus Quality and Comfort Assessment Form, and Harris Hip Score Form were used as data collection tools. Data were analysed using the IBM SPPS 27.0 software.
The invention discloses a strain of marine oil-degrading bacterium, a fermentation compound and application thereof. The strain is named as Alcanivorax dieselolei T6-6, and has a preservation number of CGMCC NO:9033. The strain is Gamma-Proteobacteria, oceanospirillales, alkane degrading bacterium family, Alcanivorax, and Alcanivorax dieselolei. The strain can be used for degradation and clearance of petroleum hydrocarbon, environmental pollution control, surfactant production, water surface tension reduction and the like. A class of compounds can be separated from the fermentation secondary metabolites of the strain, and one of the compounds is dieseloleiT6-6, 2-amino-6-(N-2-carbonyl-4-tridecyl-cyclobutane)caproic acid, and is a lysine lipid. The compound has emulsification activity on different organic matters, has antibacterial and bacteriostatic effect on Gram positive bacteria and fungi, and has good cytotoxic activity.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) has occurred in patients taking LEMTRADA. HLH is a life-threatening syndrome of pathologic immune activation characterized by clinical signs and symptoms of extreme systemic inflammation. It is associated with high mortality rates if not recognized early and treated. Common findings include fever, hepatosplenomegaly, rash, lymphadenopathy, neurologic symptoms (e.g., mental status changes, ataxia, or seizures), cytopenias, high serum ferritin, hypertriglyceridemia, and liver function and coagulation abnormalities. Hemophagocytosis may be seen on histologic examination of bone marrow, spleen, or lymph nodes. In cases of HLH reported with LEMTRADA, most patients presented with fever, elevated ferritin, transaminitis, hypertriglyceridemia, and all patients required hospitalization. Although the small number of cases limits the ability to draw conclusions pertaining to mean or range of latency for HLH, symptoms have been reported to occur within approximately thirteen months to thirty-three months following the initiation of treatment. Patients who develop early manifestations of pathologic immune activation should be evaluated immediately, and a diagnosis of HLH should be considered. LEMTRADA should be discontinued if an alternate etiology for the signs or symptoms cannot be established.
The research was planned as a clinical cross-sectional study. Two hundred women, aged between 50-75 years, who were diagnosed with postmenopausal osteoporosis and followed up in the outpatient clinics of Beylikdüzü State Hospital and Istanbul Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital between May 19, 2024, and June 19, 2024, were included. Sociodemographic data such as gender, height, weight, body mass index, educational status, and occupation were recorded. The date of osteoporosis diagnosis, history of falls within the last 6 months, presence of fractures due to low-energy trauma, osteoporosis treatment, medications used, and comorbidities were questioned. The presence and location of pain were asked, and if pain was present, its intensity was determined using the Visual Analog Scale. Calcium and vitamin D levels from the last 3 months were recorded. The patient's sleep problems were assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index. Subsequently, the patient's current depression and anxiety-related symptoms were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the fatigue level was assessed with the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS).
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject sialagogue which can calmly urge salivation when the mouth inside is dried and has a persistent effect by allowing the composition to contain seed powders (extracts) of the family Stereuliaceae plants Cola acuminata and Cola nitida as active ingredients. SOLUTION: The seed powders (extracts) (A) of the family Stereuliaceae plants Cola acuminata and Cola nitida are obtained by pulverizing seeds of the family Stereuliaceae plants Cola acuminata and Cola nitida in a grain-size of preferably 500μm or less and, when necessary, extracting the seed powders with an extracting solvent at room temperature or under heating for 0.5-24 hours. A sialagogue is obtained by formulating 100 pts.wt. of the A component with, when necessary, (B) 1-10,000 pts.wt. of an organic acid (e.g. citric acid). The promoting agent can be used as it is or by diluting it with water. Further, it may be used by formulating 0.0001-50wt.% of the above promoting agent with oral components, stabilizers for denture, foods and medicines.
Previous research suggests that the processing of internal body sensations (interoception) affects how we experience pain. Some evidence suggests that people with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) - a condition characterised by chronic pain and fatigue - may have altered interoceptive processing. However, extant findings are inconclusive, and some tasks previously used to measure interoception are of questionable validity. Here, we used an alternative measure - the Phase Adjustment Task (PAT) - to examine cardiac interoceptive accuracy in adults with FMS. We examined: (i) the tolerability of the PAT in an FMS sample (N = 154); (ii) if there are differences in facets of interoception (PAT performance, PAT-related confidence, and scores on the Private Body Consciousness Scale) between an FMS sample and an age- and gender-matched pain-free sample (N = 94); and (iii) if subgroups of participants with FMS are identifiable according to interoceptive accuracy levels. We found the PAT was tolerable in the FMS sample, with additional task breaks and a recommended hand posture. The FMS sample were more likely to be classified as 'interoceptive' on the PAT, and had significantly higher self-reported interoception compared to the pain-free sample. Within the FMS sample, we identified a subgroup who demonstrated very strong evidence of being interoceptive, and concurrently had lower fibromyalgia symptom impact (although the effect size was small). Conversely, self-reported interoception was positively correlated with FMS symptom severity and impact. Overall, interoception may be an important factor to consider in understanding and managing FMS symptoms. We recommend future longitudinal work to better understand associations between fluctuating FMS symptoms and interoception.
Patients receive topotecan hydrochloride IV over 30 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15 (+/- 1 day window for each treatment day). Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The present invention discloses an external plaster for treating gynecological diseases and pertains to the field of traditional Chinese medicines. The bulk drugs which are made into the effective ingredient of the external plaster have the following weight ratios: 3-30g of cnidium fruit, 4-20g of common fenel, 5-50g of cordate houttuynia, 4-25g of hemlock parsley, 3-25g of cherokee rose, 4-35g of asiatic plantain seed, 6-45g of selfheal and 500-1,000g of peppermint oil. The raw materials are decocted in the peppermint oil to extract the effective ingredient, and the decoction is filtered to remove dregs. When in use, the medicinal oil is evenly smeared to the self-adhesive wound dressing application; the application is applied below the belly button and at the center of the underbelly. The external plaster of the invention leads internal diseases to be treated externally, and has the effects of killing parasites and relieving itching, dispelling stasis and relieving pain, subduing inflammation and swelling, dispelling cold and warming middle-jiao, softening hardness to dissipate stagnation. The external plaster takes effect quickly, has good curative effect and avoids the pains caused by the traditional injection, transfusion, and electrotherapy in the treatment of gynecopathy and the disadvantages of repeated infection and dysbacteriosis caused by the local rinsing and application of medicines.
Ketorolac tromethamine is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) which, when administered systemically, has demonstrated analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-pyretic activity. The mechanism of its action is thought to be due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin biosynthesis (cyclo-oxigenase inhibitors). However, they leave the lipoxygenase pathway free to generate leukotrienes. This pharmacodynamic activity has been speculated as a reason why NSAIDs produce less ocular side effects than corticosteroids. It has been widely used in ophthalmology. In 1987, Flach1 published its effectiveness in the treatment of aphakic and pseudophakic macular edema. Its efficacy after cataract surgery has been shown2 and it has been compared to topical steroids after extra-capsular cataract extraction3,4,5 and phacoemulsification6,7. It has been used as analgesic after radial keratotomy(RK)8,9, photorefractive keratectomy (PRK)10 and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)11

The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of the NSAID ketorolac tromethamine ophthalmic solution 0.4% with the steroid loteprednol etabonate ophthalmic suspension 0.5% for preventing anterior segment inflammation after routine cataract surgery.
Using a cluster randomized, controlled, hybrid type III effectiveness-implementation design, this trial will investigate the effects of LOCI on the fidelity and and clinical outcomes of a digital measurement-based care (MBC) system called the Outcomes Questionnaire Analyst (OQ-A). The trial will enroll up to 22 outpatient mental health clinics that serve youth and randomly assign them using covariate constrained randomization to either LOCI or training and technical assistance only. Within each clinic, up to 2 first level leaders will be recruited (max N of 40 total) and a minimum of 3 clinicians will be recruited per site (60 total). Data on youth outpatients who receive services will be collected in two phases. In each phase, a unique cohort of 360 caregivers of youth who participate in services will be sampled from the participating clinics. Caregivers will report on the service outcomes and experiences of eligible youth who receive services. The total caregiver enrollment for two phases will be 720 (360\*2).
Bronchial asthma (BA) exhibits varying prevalence across global populations, prompting a comprehensive investigation into genetic and environmental determinants. Vitamin D is a potent immunomodulator capable of suppressing inflammatory signals in several cell types involved in the asthmatic response; it exerts effects on the immune system by binding to the nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR). VDR gene genetic variations are affecting serum vitamin D levels with a possible role in the BA risk. The current study aimed to examine the complex interaction of various factors (genetic background, serum vitamin D levels, and geographic location) to identify differences in the influence of these factors on the susceptibility to asthma between populations at different latitudes. Focusing on Eastern European cohorts from Latvia and Lithuania and comparing them with published data on East Asian populations, we explore the impact of VDR gene polymorphisms on BA susceptibility. Genotyping four key VDR SNPs and assessing their association with 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, our study unveils significant associations of the studied loci with the risk of asthma-both risk-reducing and increasing effects, differently distributed between Baltic and East Asian populations. The functional effects of in silico VDR gene genetic variations are also identified and discussed.
Obesity is a risk factor for the development of MM, although the mechanisms that link obesity and MM are unclear. Obesity, in turn, is closely associated with obstructive sleep apnea. Interestingly, the key risk factors for both sleep apnea and MM are overlapping (age, sex, race and body mass index). During the apnea, or cessation of normal breathing, arterial oxygen saturation falls. This can occur as often as 60 times per hour, resulting in chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). In preliminary studies, investigators exposed C57BL/6 mice, that are typically resistant to engraftment of malignant plasma cells to CIH, followed by injection of malignant 5TGM1 cells. With CIH, 5TGM1 cells homed to bone marrow, and engrafted and expanded, resulting in lethal disease. These mice had key features of the myeloma phenotype, including bone damage and gammopathy. Investigators explored potential mechanisms by which CIH promote MM progression by performing whole bone marrow RNASeq analysis. They found pathways relevant to angiogenesis, cell adhesion, and stromal cell development (including dendritic cells and eosinophils) to be upregulated. This is an exciting and potentially translational finding because these elements are also upregulated in the bone marrow of human myeloma patients. Investigators also found upregulation of B cell and plasma cell development and differentiation pathway, and downregulation of B-cell apoptosis pathways. Taking these preliminary findings together, the overarching hypothesis is that CIH increases oxidative stress, thereby supporting B cell maturation and changing the bone marrow stromal microenvironment to drive the progression to MM.
BACKGROUND: CT-detected Extramural venous invasion (EMVI) is known as an independent risk factor for distant metastasis in patients with advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, the molecular basis is not clear. In colorectal cancer, M2 macrophages plays a vital role in determining EMVI. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between CT-detected EMVI and the M2 macrophages as well as prognosis predictionusing a radiogenomic approach.
METHOD: We utilized EMVI-related genes (from mRNA sequencing of 13 GC samples correlated with EMVI score by spearman analysis, P < 0.01) to overlap the co-expression genes of WGCNA module and M2 macrophages related genes (from mRNA data of 371 GC patients in TCGA database), generating a total of 136 genes. An EMVI-M2-prognosis-related hub gene signature was constructed by COX and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis from a training cohort TCGA database (n = 371) and validated it in a validation cohort from GEO database (n = 357). High- and low-risk groups were divided by hub gene (EGFLAM and GNG11) signature-derived risk scores. We assessed its predictive ability through Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curve and COX analysis. Furthermore, we utilized ESTIMATE to detect tumor mutation burden (TMB) and evaluate sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Expression of hub genes was tested using western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis.
RESULTS: The overall survival (OS) was significantly reduced in the high-risk group (Training/Validation: AUC = 0.701/0.620; P < 0.001/0.003). Furthermore, the risk score was identified as an independent predictor of OS in multivariate COX regression analyses (Training/Validation: HR = 1.909/1.928; 95% CI: 1.225-2.974/1.308-2.844). The low-risk group exhibited significantly higher TMB levels (P = 1.6e- 07) and greater sensitivity to ICIs. Significant higher expression of hub-genes was identified on multiple GC cell lines and original samples. Hub-genes knockdown in gastric cancer cell lines inhibited their proliferation, metastatic and invasive capacity to varying degrees. In vivo experiments indicate that EGFLAM, as one of the hub genes, its high expression can serve as a biomarker for low response to immunotherapy.
CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated EMVI-M2 gene signature could effectively predict the prognosis of GC tissue, reflecting the relationship between EMVI and M2 macrophages.
Participants randomized to this arm will not receive any type of intervention and will be asked to complete the PHQ-9 once a week for three weeks (4 sessions) to track symptoms. Participants will be offered to engage in behavioral activation in real life or with virtual reality when the four weeks are complete. Their data will only be used from the time they were on the waitlist.
The primary goal of the present study is to inspect the plausible job-related (i.e., challenge stressors and role blurring) and individual factors (i.e., fatigue and insomnia) that potentially lead to work-related cognitive failures among healthcare staff. Through the judgmental sampling technique, data was collected from healthcare personnel in Iran. The results revealed that challenge stressors in the form of time pressure, job responsibility, and work overload are significantly related to role blurring. Moreover, role blurring increases fatigue and insomnia among medical staff, and both insomnia and fatigue cause workplace cognitive failure. The results also confirm the mediation effect of role blurring in the association between challenge stressors, insomnia, and fatigue. According to the results, insomnia and fatigue similarly mediate the role blurring on workplace cognitive failure association. Theoretical implications, useful suggestions for practitioners, and prospective research avenues are debated in the study.
BACKGROUND: Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) also known as non-ventilator associated pneumonia, is one of the most common infections acquired in hospitalised patients. Improving oral hygiene appears to reduce the incidence of HAP. This study aimed to describe current practices, barriers and facilitators, knowledge and educational preferences of registered nurses performing oral health care in the Australian hospital setting, with a focus on the prevention of HAP. We present this as a short research report.
METHODS: We undertook a cross sectional online anonymous survey of Australian registered nurses. Participants were recruited via electronic distribution through existing professional networks and social media. The survey used was modified from an existing survey on oral care practice.
RESULTS: The survey was completed by 179 participants. Hand hygiene was considered a very important strategy to prevent pneumonia (n = 90, 58%), while 45% (n = 71) felt that oral care was very important. The most highly reported barriers for providing oral care included: an uncooperative patient; inadequate staffing; and a lack of oral hygiene requisite. Patients' reminders, prompts and the provision of toothbrushes were common ways believed to help facilitate improvements in oral care.
CONCLUSION: Findings from this survey will be used in conjunction with consumer feedback, to help inform a planned multi-centre randomised trial, the Hospital Acquired Pneumonia PrEveNtion (HAPPEN) study, aimed at reducing the incidence of HAP. Findings may also be useful for informing studies and quality improvement initiatives aimed at improving oral care to reduce the incidence of HAP.