anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
All patients will attend 5 sets of appointments at the hospital for diagnostic tests and 3 appointments at the University of Liverpool Magnetic Resonance and Image Analysis Research Centre (MARIARC). Three appointments will be prior to chemoradiotherapy treatment, and the other 4 will be after chemoradiotherapy. Two of these 5 appointments are part of routine care. The first 4 appointments will last about an hour. Patients will complete 3 quality of life questionnaires on recruitment, during chemotherapy, before and 4-6 weeks after surgery. These 3 questionnaires will take 20 minutes to fill in. The fourth and fifth appointments will consist of Computed Tomogram (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans in our radiology department to assess cancer staging. These appointments will last about 1 hour 30 minutes.
The HIV pandemic continues with an estimated 13,000 new infections each day, the vast majority of which are acquired through heterosexual intercourse. Although consistent and correct use of condoms by men remains the most effective form of protection from heterosexually acquired HIV, women are not always able to negotiate condom use. An effective prophylactic vaccine remains a key objective, but development is slow because of virus variability and difficulty in determining the immunological correlates of protection. Vaginal microbicides are being developed in response to the urgent need for an HIV prevention method that women can control. Licensed spermicides containing nonoxynol-9 (N-9), which has potent anti-HIV activity in vitro, were the first products to be investigated as potential microbicides. However, the association of N-9 and other products belonging to this class (surfactants) with genital epithelial disruption, histologically determined genital inflammation, and reduction in populations of vaginal lactobacilli led to concerns that their use could enhance the risk of HIV transmission. Early Phase 3 studies of N-9 products yielded conflicting results, but more recently, a multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial of a low dose N-9 formulation demonstrated an increased incidence of HIV infection in the N-9 group compared to placebo. These findings have intensified efforts to develop agents with a more favorable toxicity profile. At least four of these have entered trials to assess effectiveness in preventing vaginally acquired HIV infection: Buffer Gel, Carraguard, cellulose sulfate and PRO 2000/5 Gel. Protocol MDP 301 describes a randomized placebo-controlled trial design to explore the safety and efficacy of two concentrations of PRO 2000/5 Gel.

Participant recruitment and follow-up is complete. Between October 2005 and August 2008, 9404 eligible, sexually active, HIV-uninfected women were enrolled at six or more sites in Africa. Up until February 2008, participants were randomly assigned to 0.5% or 2% PRO 2000/5 Gel treatment arms or a placebo gel arm. Following a recommendation by the Independent Data Monitoring Committee that the 2% PRO2000/5 Gel treatment arm should not continue as there was no more than a small chance of demonstrating benefit, participants enrolled after February 13, 2008 were randomly assigned to the 0.5% PRO 2000/5 gel treatment arm or placebo arm. Participants were instructed to apply a single dose of study gel 1 hour or less before every act of vaginal intercourse using a single-use pre-filled applicator. Participants also receive risk-reduction counseling and condoms, and STD testing. Most study participants were followed for 12 months. A cohort of sero-discordant couples enrolled in Uganda was followed for up to 24 months.

The primary efficacy outcome measure is acquisition of HIV infection at the 12 month time point. Secondary outcomes include measures of HIV infection at the 6, 9 and more than 12 month time points, infection by HSV-2, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and adverse events.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of autofluorescence technology on postoperative parathyroid function and short-term outcomes in patients undergoing thyroid surgery.
METHODS: A total of 546 patients were included in the study, with 287 in the conventional treatment group and 259 in the autofluorescence group. Both groups underwent central lymph node dissection, which is known to affect parathyroid function. Short-term outcomes, including rates of postoperative hypocalcemia and parathyroid dysfunction, serum calcium and PTH levels on the first postoperative day, as well as the need for calcium supplementation, were analyzed. A multivariable analysis was also conducted to assess the impact of autofluorescence on postoperative parathyroid dysfunction, considering factors such as age, BMI, and preoperative calcium levels.
RESULTS: The autofluorescence group demonstrated significantly lower rates of postoperative hypocalcemia and parathyroid dysfunction compared to the conventional treatment group. The autofluorescence group also had better serum calcium and PTH levels on the first postoperative day, and a reduced need for calcium supplementation. Surprisingly, the use of autofluorescence technology did not prolong surgical time; instead, it led to a shorter hospitalization duration. The multivariable analysis showed that autofluorescence significantly reduced the risk of postoperative parathyroid dysfunction, while factors such as age, BMI, and preoperative calcium levels did not show a significant correlation.
CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence that autofluorescence technology can improve the preservation of parathyroid function during thyroid surgery, leading to better short-term outcomes and reduced postoperative complications. The findings highlight the potential of autofluorescence as a valuable tool in the management of parathyroid hypofunction. Further research and validation are needed to establish the routine use of autofluorescence technology in the thyroid.
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic that has numerous health consequences including male infertility. Prior studies have shown a variety of health benefits with bariatric surgery, including an improvement/resolution in diabetes and a significant improvement in serum testosterone levels. Based upon preliminary data from the literature, the investigators hypothesize that bariatric surgery is associated with a transient decrease followed by a robust long-term improvement in semen parameters including DNA fragmentation and oxidative stress. To test this hypothesis, the investigators propose a prospective observational study examining changes in hormone and semen parameters over the 12 months following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. The investigators will correlate these changes to weight loss, changes in subjective sexual function, and advanced semen parameters including DNA fragmentation. If successful, this study will conclusively identify a new modifiable cause for male infertility and suggest an additional medical indication for bariatric surgery in obese infertile men.
The study will be an experimental design featuring repeated measures, with data collected from a pretest, a posttest and a follow-up test. An estimated total of 92 participants will be randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group will participate in a 6-week group-based multi-component psycho-educational interventions (GMC-PEIs), including provide information on communication skills training, clear speech training, psychosocial support, stress management and successful person testimonial, consisting of 60-minute sessions once per week, while the control group will be put on a waiting-list group. Each group will be assessed of the outcomes at 3 time points: baseline (T0), three months following the intervention (T1) and again at six months following the intervention (T2). The investigators will use the Significant Other Scale for Hearing Disability (SOS-HEAR), the 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (10-Item CES-D), the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Scale (B-COPE), the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) and the International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids-Significant Other (IOI-HA-SO) as the outcome indicators. The principle of intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis will be used, and the result will be analyzed mainly by generalized estimating equation (GEE).
INTRODUCTION: Historically, inferior breast reduction is more commonly performed overall and this applies to the elder population. No study to this date has compared whether there is any difference in complications and overall safety between when using superomedial pedicle and inferior pedicle in geriatric patients and furthermore whether the safety profile of superomedial pedicle differs when compared to general population.
METHODS: Patient files of women who had undergone breast reduction by a single surgeon over a 9 year period (2015-2023) was reviewed retrospectively. Patients over 65 years old at the time of surgery were selected as the main study group. Results were compared to a control group aged 65 years and younger consisting of 136 patients, who also had a breast reduction by the same surgeon.
RESULTS: Fifty-four women met the inclusion criteria for the study group and they were further broken down into two subgroups; inferior and superomedial pedicle groups with 25 and 29 patients into each group, respectively. The mean age at the time of the operation was 67.8 years. Geriatric group had more significant comorbidities (37% vs. 9%, p<0.05). Looking solely on patients undergone superomedial pedicle breast reduction, OR times were similar between two age groups and hospital stay was slightly longer in the geriatric population albeit statistically insignificant. The average weight of specimens resected from each breast was 592.4 gr in geriatric population and slightly higher in the younger population with an average weight of 624 grams (p=0.27). Two women in the geriatric group and  six women in the  non-geriatric group developed major complications where superomedial pedicle was utilized, no meaningful difference was seen when major complications were compared (p=0.24). On the other hand, minor complications were significantly higher in the geriatric population compared to the younger cohort regarding superomedial pedicle reductions (p=0.02). 'Satisfaction with breasts' scores of BreastQ from the superomedial breast reduction subgroup was slightly higher than inferior pedicle breast reduction subgroup in geriatric population and it was statistically significant (0.032).
CONCLUSION: Safety margins and satisfaction scores of superomedial pedicled breast reduction in geriatric patients seem similar to their younger counterparts. Furthermore, with similar complication rates and with its slightly higher 'Satisfaction with breasts'  scores  when compared to inferior pedicle, superomedial pedicled breast reduction technique can be utilized without reservation in geriatric candidates for breast reduction.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves carefully washing up umbilical cords received from female donors checked for absence of syphilis infection, AIDS human virus infection or hepatitis infection from blood, freezing, homogenizing, pouring over with caustic sodium solution and retaining for 7 days at 18-24 C under constant stirring. Then it is centrifuged, the sediment is removed, the supernatant is neutralized with hydrochloric acid, trichloracetic acid is added, the mixture is stirred and centrifuged in 1 h. The sediment is removed, the supernatant is neutralized with caustic sodium, ethanol is added and retained for 24 h at 4 C. Next to it, centrifuging is carried out, the supernatant is removed, the sediment is dissolved in distilled water and dialyzed against distilled water during 22-26 h at 4 C. The dialysis being finished, the solution is poured into flask with round bottom, water is removed and the product is dried until the weight is constant. The so obtained colorless powder is placed into glass container. 0.1-0.5 ml of distilled water is added. Viscous transparent colloid solution is formed and dried in drying dust-proof cabinet during 48 h at 18-24 C. The finished film material is sterilized with gamma radiation. EFFECT: no changes in optical properties when applied to corneal surface.
BACKGROUND: Kinesio taping (KT) has been shown to be clinically effective in a wide range of musculoskeletal disorders. Despite evidence supporting KT, there still needs to be more certainty regarding its clinical worthiness in managing postoperative conditions. This study aims to assess the effect of postoperative KT on knee edema, pain, and range of motion (ROM) when added to routine physiotherapy after knee surgery.
METHODS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and CENTRAL databases were searched from their inception to July 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing routine physiotherapy with and without KT were included. Random-effect models were used to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD), confidence interval, and heterogeneity (I2).
RESULTS: Sixteen RCTs on 842 operated knees were included. KT reduced knee edema in first week (SMD, -0.59, p < 0.001), 14th postoperative day (POD) (SMD, -0.78, p < 0.001), and 28 to 42 days postop (SMD, -0.66, p < 0.001). The KT demonstrated significant pain improvement in second week (SMD, -0.87, p < 0.001) and the fourth week (SMD, -0.53, p < 0.001). The KT groups demonstrated ROM improvement within second week (SMD, 0.69, p = 0.010) and in the 28th POD (SMD, 0.89, p = 0.009). Subgroup analysis demonstrated minimal heterogeneity in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) cases. However, it did not show significant superiority regarding ankle, calf, or thigh edema and Lysholm scale.
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that adding KT to routine postoperative physiotherapy reduces pain and knee edema after total knee arthroplasty or ACLR. Low to very low certainty of evidence for all outcomes and the limited number of studies emphasize the need for more high-quality primary studies to explore the optimal method of KT application and its effectiveness in specific knee surgeries.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Soluble proteins, e.g. thrombospondins, can trigger synapse formation. Such proteins are synthesized in vitro and in vivo by astrocytes, which therefore have a role in synaptogenesis. These thrombospondins are only expressed in the normal brain exactly during the period of developmental synaptogenesis, being off in embryonic brain and adult brain but on at high levels in postnatal brain. Methods are provided for protecting or treating an individual suffering from adverse effects of deficits in synaptogenesis, or from undesirably active synaptogenesis. These findings have broad implications for a variety of clinical conditions, including traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, and other conditions where synapses fail to form or form inappropriately. Synaptogenesis is enhanced by contacting neurons with agents that are specific agonists or antagonists of thrombospondins. Conversely, synaptogenesis is inhibited by contacting neurons with inhibitors or antagonists of thrombospondins.
The invention discloses a Lactobacillus. crispatus strain, and a microecological preparation thereof. The Lactobacillus. crispatus strain is Lactobacillus. crispatus IMC-159, possesses excellent H2O2 producing capacity, and excellent adhesive attraction on vaginal epithelial cells, and is capable of ensuring colonization of bacterial strains on vaginal epithelium. The Lactobacillus. crispatus IMC-159 possesses a certain application prospect in preventing and treating urogenital tract infection.
The first object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an aroma-retaining material, which enables to increase the adsorbed aroma amount, retain the aroma for a long period of time, and impart stability. The second object of the present invention is to provide an aroma-retaining material, which can retain aroma for a long period of time and has satisfactory stability. The third object of the present invention is to provide a composition comprising the aroma-retaining material. The forth object of the present invention is to provide an aroma-retaining agent, which enables to stabilize an aromatic substance. The fifth object of the present invention is to provide a retained-releasing bactericide comprising the aroma-retaining material. The present invention solves the above objects by providing a method for retaining an aroma in such a manner of mixing an aromatic substance and a cyclic tetrasaccharide or the mixture of cyclic tetrasaccharide and its saccharide derivative(s), an aroma-retaining material obtainable by the method, a composition comprising the aroma-retaining material, an aroma-retaining agent comprising a cyclic tetrasaccharide or a mixture of a cyclic tetrasaccharide and its saccharide derivative(s) as effective ingredients, and a bactericide using the aroma-retaining material having a sustained-release property.
Participants restricted 70% of their energy needs over 24 hours on a calorie restriction day alternate with a feeding day for the next 24 hours, where they were allowed eating (ad libitum). The calorie restriction and feeding days begun at 9 am each day, and on the calorie restriction day, meals were consumed between 2 pm and 8 pm to ensure that they underwent the same duration of calorie restriction. On each calorie restriction day, they were allowed energy-free beverages and sugar-free gum and encouraged to drink plenty of water. Diet plans were self-selected using detailed individualized food portion lists, meal plans, and recipes. Participants received phone calls from the investigator and four 2-weekly appointments with a dietitian. Adverse experiences were assessed every 2 weeks.
Before initiating treatment with EXALGO, explain the points listed below to caregivers and patients. Instruct patients to read the Medication Guide each time EXALGO is dispensed because new information may be available.

  * Advise patients that EXALGO is for use only in patients who are already receiving opioid pain medicine and their body is used to taking these medications.
  * Advise patients that EXALGO contains hydromorphone, and should be taken only as directed.
  * Advise patients that EXALGO must be swallowed whole. The extended release tablets may release all their contents at once if broken, chewed, crushed, or dissolved resulting in risk of fatal overdose of hydromorphone.
  * Advise patients not to take another dose of EXALGO within 24 hours.
  * Advise patients never to change the dose of EXALGO without first consulting their healthcare provider. Individualization of dosage is essential to make optimal use of this medication. Advise patients regarding the need to contact their healthcare provider if pain control is inadequate and to report episodes of breakthrough pain and adverse experiences occurring during therapy to their healthcare provider.
  * Advise patients to keep EXALGO tablets in a secure place out of the reach of children. Accidental consumption of EXALGO, especially in children, can result in a fatal overdose of hydromorphone.
  * Advise patients that EXALGO must not be given to anyone other than the individual for whom it was prescribed. Instruct patients against use by individuals other than the patient for whom it was prescribed, as such inappropriate use may have severe medical consequences, including death.
The variability in pain drawing styles and analysis methods has raised concerns about the reliability of pain drawings as a screening tool for nonpain symptoms. In this study, a data-driven approach to pain drawing analysis has been used to enhance the reliability. The aim was to identify distinct clusters of pain patterns by using latent class analysis (LCA) on 46 predefined anatomical areas of a freehand digital pain drawing. Clusters were described in the clinical domains of activity limitation, pain intensity, and psychological factors. A total of 21,123 individuals were included from 2 subgroups by primary pain complaint (low back pain (LBP) [n = 15,465]) or midback/neck pain (MBPNP) [n = 5658]). Five clusters were identified for the LBP subgroup: LBP and radiating pain (19.9%), radiating pain (25.8%), local LBP (24.8%), LBP and whole leg pain (18.7%), and widespread pain (10.8%). Four clusters were identified for the MBPNP subgroup: MBPNP bilateral posterior (19.9%), MBPNP unilateral posterior + anterior (23.6%), MBPNP unilateral posterior (45.4%), and widespread pain (11.1%). The clusters derived by LCA corresponded to common, specific, and recognizable clinical presentations. Statistically significant differences were found between these clusters in every self-reported health domain. Similarly, for both LBP and MBPNP, pain drawings involving more extensive pain areas were associated with higher activity limitation, more intense pain, and more psychological distress. This study presents a versatile data-driven approach for analyzing pain drawings to assist in managing spinal pain.
The effectiveness of Fluvoxamine Maleate Tablets for the treatment of OCD was also demonstrated in a 10-week multicenter, parallel group study in a pediatric outpatient population (children and adolescents, ages 8-17). Patients in this study were titrated to a total daily fluvoxamine dose of approximately 100 mg/day over the first two weeks of the trial, following which the dose was adjusted within a range of 50-200 mg/day (on a b.i.d. schedule) on the basis of response and tolerance. All patients had moderate to severe OCD (DSM-III-R) with mean baseline ratings on the Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) total score of 24. Patients receiving fluvoxamine maleate experienced mean reductions of approximately six units on the CY-BOCS total score, compared to a three-unit reduction for placebo patients.

Table 7 provides the outcome classification by treatment group on the Global Improvement item of the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale for the pediatric study. 

  
Post hoc exploratory analyses for gender effects on outcomes did not suggest any differential responsiveness on the basis of gender. Further exploratory analyses revealed a prominent treatment effect in the 8-11 age group and essentially no effect in the 12-17 age group. While the significance of these results is not clear, the 2-3 fold higher steady-state plasma fluvoxamine concentrations in children compared to adolescents [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3)]  is suggestive that decreased exposure in adolescents may have been a factor, and dose adjustment in adolescents (up to the adult maximum dose of 300 mg) may be indicated to achieve therapeutic benefit.