anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a complex pathological process, triggered by the restoration of blood flow following an interrupted blood supply. While restoring the blood flow is the only option to salvage the ischemic tissue, reperfusion after a prolonged period of ischemia initiates IRI, triggering a cascade of inflammatory responses ultimately leading to neutrophil recruitment to the inflamed tissue, where they release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are web-like structures of decondensed chromatin and neutrophilic proteins, including peptidyl-arginine deiminase 2 and 4 (PAD2, PAD4), that, once outside, can citrullinate plasma proteins, irreversibly changing their conformation and potentially their function. While the involvement of NETs in IRI is known mainly from rodent models, we aimed to determine the effect of NET formation and especially PADs-mediated extracellular protein citrullination in a porcine model of limb IRI.
METHODS: We conducted our study on amputated pig forelimbs exposed to 1 h or 9 h of ischemia and then reperfused in vivo for 12 h. Limb weight, edema formation, compartmental pressure were measured, and skeletal muscle was analyzed by immunofluorescence (TUNEL assay and dystrophin staining) to evaluate tissue damage. Fibrin tissue deposition, complement deposition and NETs were investigated by immunofluorescence. Citrullinated plasma proteins were immunoprecipitated and citrullinated fibrinogen was identified in the plasma by Western blot and in the tissue by immunofluorescence and Western blot.
RESULTS: Our data consolidate the involvement of NETs in a porcine model of limb IRI, correlating their contribution to damage extension with the duration of the ischemic time. We found a massive infiltration of NETs in the group subjected to 9 h ischemia compared to the 1 h and citrullinated fibrinogen levels, in plasma and tissue, were higher in 9 h ischemia group. We propose fibrinogen citrullination as one of the mechanisms contributing to the worsening of IRI. NETs and protein citrullination represent a potential therapeutic target, but approaches are still a matter of debate. Here we introduce the idea of therapeutic approaches against citrullination to specifically inhibit PADs extracellularly, avoiding the downstream effects of hypercitrullination and keeping PADs' and NETs' intracellular regulatory functions.
Approximately 80% of kidney stone diseases contain calcium. Inherited genetic factors are among the variables that influence the development of calcium-containing kidney stone diseases (CKSD). Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on stone diseases have been reported worldwide; however, these are not focused on calcium-containing stones. We conducted a GWAS to identify germline genetic polymorphisms associated with CKSD in a Medical Center in Taiwan; hence, this study was based primarily on a hospital-based database. CKSD was diagnosed using the chart records. Patients infected with urea-splitting-microorganisms and those with at least two urinary pH value below 5.5 were excluded. None of the patients had cystic stones based on stone analysis. Those over 40 years of age with no history of CKSD and no microscopic hematuria on urinalysis were considered as controls. The DNA isolated from the blood of 14,934 patients (63.7% male and 36.3% female) with CKSD and 29,868 controls (10,830 men and 19,038 women) at a medical center was genotyped for approximately 714,457 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with minor allele frequency of ≥ 0.05. We used PLINK 1.9 to calculate the polygenic risk score (PRS) to investigate the association between CKSD and controls. The accuracy of the PRS was verified by dividing it into the training and testing groups. The statistical analyses were calculated with the area under the curve (AUC) using IBM SPSS version 22. We identified 432 susceptibility loci that reached a genome-wide threshold of P < 1.0 × 10- 5. A total of 132 SNPs reached a threshold of P < 5 × 10- 8 using a stricter definition of significance on chromosomes 4, 13, 16, 17, and 18. At the top locus of our study, SNPs in DGKH, PDILT, BCAS3, and ABCG2 have been previously reported. RN7SKP27, HDAC4, PCDH15, AP003068.2, and NFATC1 were novel findings in this study. PRS was adjusted for sex and age, resulting in an AUC of 0.65. The number of patients in the top quartile of PRS was 1.39 folds in the risk of CKSD than patients in the bottom quartile. Our data identified the significance of GWAS for patients with CKSD in a hospital-based study. The PRS also had a high AUC for discriminating patients with CKSD from controls. A total of 132 SNP loci of SNPs significantly associated with the development of CKSD. This first survey, which focused on patients with CKSD, will provide novel insights specific to CKSD and its potential clinical biomarkers.
Pharmaceutical compositions comprising a combination of a polymeric biguanide and a spermicidal surfactant, useful for contraceptive purposes, for their spermicidal or sperm-immobilizing effect, and contraceptive methods and devices using them. The polymeric biguanide is preferably a compound as described in U.K. Patent Specification No. 702,268 or a bisbiguanide as described in U.K. Patent Specification No. 705,838 or 1,095,902, but especially chlorhexidine. The spermicidal surfactant may be derived from ethylene oxide, preferably a condensate of nonylphenol and ethylene oxide, and especially with 9 to 11 molecular proportions thereof. To avoid short-lived activity, the compositions are preferably made substantially free from anions (notably halide ions and especially chloride ions) which cause deactivation, apparently by reducing the solubility of the active ingredients.
Participants who had a CMV infection/disease that is refractory to treatment (with or without resistance). Data will be retrospectively collected from date of solid organ transplant (SOT) or hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) up to the start date of chart abstraction, death or loss to follow-up, whichever comes first. Participants will be considered as refractory if they show no change or increased viremia after at least 2 weeks of appropriately dosed antiviral therapy.
ISTURISA lowers cortisol levels and can lead to hypocortisolism and sometimes life-threatening adrenal insufficiency. Lowering of cortisol can cause nausea, vomiting, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, dizziness. Significant lowering of serum cortisol may result in hypotension, abnormal electrolyte levels, and hypoglycemia [see Adverse Reactions (6)]. 

Hypocortisolism can occur at any time during ISTURISA treatment. Evaluate patients for precipitating causes of hypocortisolism (infection, physical stress, etc.). Monitor 24-hour urine free cortisol, serum or plasma cortisol, and patient's signs and symptoms periodically during ISTURISA treatment. 

Decrease or temporarily discontinue ISTURISA if urine free cortisol levels fall below the target range, there is a rapid decrease in cortisol levels, and/or patients report symptoms of hypocortisolism. Stop ISTURISA and administer exogenous glucocorticoid replacement therapy if serum or plasma cortisol levels are below target range and patients have symptoms of adrenal insufficiency. Re-initiate ISTURISA at a lower dose when urine free cortisol, serum or plasma cortisol levels are within target range, and/or patient symptoms have resolved. After ISTURISA discontinuation, cortisol suppression may persist beyond the 4 hour half-life of ISTURISA. 

Educate patients on the symptoms associated with hypocortisolism and advise them to contact a healthcare provider if they occur.
The invention discloses a Goserelin release microsphere preparation, wherein the Goserelin microsphere contains Goserelin or salt thereof which is 0.1% to 40% of the weight of the microsphere, high molecular material which is biodegradable and biocompatible, has the molecular weight ranged from 5000 to 100,000 daltons and is 60% to 99.9% of the weight of the microsphere, and other medical acceptable auxiliary materials which are 0% to 15% of the weight of the microsphere. The Goserelin or salt thereof is packed or embedded in the high molecular material. The size of the microsphere is 1 to 10 microns and the average size is 5 to 50 microns. The invention further discloses a preparation method and a detecting method for the Goserelin release microsphere preparation. The Goserelin release microsphere preparation of the invention can work for days, weeks, even months by just injecting for one time so the injection times is reduced, the compliance of patient is promoted, and the clinical use is convenient. Furthermore, the patient is convenient to take medicine.
Intervention: Prosthetic socket for transtibial amputee. A subject's conventional prosthetic socket is compared to a novel prosthetic socket designed as part of the research. For standing and walking exercises the following will be assessed. 1) local skin contact pressures, 2) metabolic power, 3) gait parameters (symmetry indices for joint angles, positions, torques, and also ground reaction forces), and 4) the socket evaluation questionnaire.
Participants in this condition will complete 3 assessments: initial, end of month two and end of month four. Each participant, following initial assessment will be provided with a link to download the Mindfulness Coach mobile app as well as with brief recommendations for how to use the app over the subsequent 16 weeks of the study. Mindfulness Coach is a mobile app for iPhone and Android, developed by the VA National Center for PTSD in collaboration with National Center for Telehealth and Technology (T2).
The invention relates to a preparation method of egg yolk immunoglobulin for preventing and curing mouth diseases, and a safe toothpaste with the egg yolk immunoglobulin as main material. When preparing the IgY, according to a main pathogen causing the decayed tooth, periodontal disease and halitosis, types of main pathogenic bacteria are cultured in a conventional method. A complex antigen is made with the cultured strains and injected to laying poultries (including hens, ducks, and turkeys and so on). And then needed IgY is made by the yolks of immune eggs laid by the poultries. When making the toothpaste with the IgY, the toothpaste comprises 0.01-10.0% egg yolk immunoglobulin, vesicant and other components. The IgY activity is maintained and the effect is strengthened by adopting gentle vesicant, film microcapsule, sandwich type or interlayer type toothpaste tube and oral mucosa adsorbent. The prepared toothpaste without harmful chemicals has great effect on preventing and curing decayed tooth, periodontal disease and halitosis, and can be swallowed.
OBJECTIVES: An increasing number of drug-resistant bacteria have been identified recently. In particular, drug-resistant bacteria have been linked to unfavorable prognoses in patients with bacteremia, highlighting the need for rapid testing. Our previous studies have focused on the utility of a drug susceptibility testing microfluidic (DSTM) method using microfluidic channels. A system with this DSTM method for screening for β-lactamases can rapidly detect extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). In this study, we have evaluated the clinical utility of pre-treatment for screening positive blood cultures using the DSTM method.
METHODS: A total of 178 positive blood cultures and five simulated samples of MBL-producing bacteria were prepared at Kochi University Hospital, Japan. The pretreatment consisted of a two-step centrifugation. The obtained sediments were screened with the DSTM method for the production of β-lactamase based on morphological changes in the bacteria after 3 h of incubation.
RESULTS: The pretreatment functioned properly for all samples. Of the 25 ESBL samples, 21 were positive for ESBLs. Four false-negative samples, all obtained from the same patient, contained CTX-M-2 enzyme-producing Proteus mirabilis and showed insusceptibility to an ESBL inhibitor. The simulated samples prepared for MBL screening were positive for MBLs.
CONCLUSIONS: When combined with a method for rapidly identifying bacterial species, DSTM may enable patients with bloodstream infections to start receiving appropriate treatment within 4 h after positive blood cultures are screened.
The present invention relates to methods and products for improved production of the lantibiotic mersacidin. There is provided a method of producing a mersacidin variant which comprises introducing into a cell which is a ΔMrsA host cell an expression vector encoding said variant, and recovering said variant from the cell culture. Preferred variants include the novel variants of Table 1, e.g. mersacidin F3W, said mersacidin F3W optionally having a further one or more variations, e.g. mersacidin F3W G8A. Also provided is a  Bacillus  cell which is a SigH deficient strain of  Bacillus  sp. HIL Y-85,54728 (NCIMB Accession Number NCIMB 41211); this cell may also be used in the production of mersacidin and its variants. Further aspects of the invention include a DNA cassette which comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding the mersacidin mrsA propeptide, and a method to transform a  Bacillus  HIL host cell with plasmid, which method includes the step of electroporation.
BACKGROUND: Admixture occurs between different ethnic human populations. The global colonization in recent centuries by Europeans led to the most significant admixture in human history. While admixture may enhance genetic diversity for better fitness, it may also impact on human health by transmitting genetic variants for disease susceptibility in the admixture population. The admixture by Portuguese global exploration initiated in the 15th century has reached over 20 million of Portuguese-heritage population worldwide. It provides a valuable model to study the impact of admixture on human health. BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA) are two of the important tumor suppressor genes. The pathogenic variation (PV) in BRCA is well determined to cause high risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. Tracing the distribution of Portuguese BRCA PV in Portuguese-heritage population will help to understand the impact of admixture on cancer susceptibility in modern humans. In this study, we analyzed the distribution of the Portuguese-originated BRCA variation in Brazilian population, which has high degree Portuguese-heritage.
METHODS: By comprehensive data mining, standardization and annotation, we generated a Portuguese-derived BRCA variation dataset and a Brazilian-derived BRCA variation dataset. We compared the two BRCA variation datasets to identify the BRCA variants shared between the two populations.
RESULTS: The Portuguese-derived BRCA variation dataset consists of 220 BRCA variants including 78 PVs from 11,482 Portuguese cancer patients, 93 (42.2%) in BRCA1 and 127 (57.7%) in BRCA2. Of the 556 Portuguese BRCA PV carriers carrying the 78 PVs, 331 (59.5%) carried the three Portuguese-BRCA founder PVs of BRCA1 c.2037delinsCC, BRCA1 c.3331_3334del and BRCA2 c.156_157insAlu. The Brazilian-derived BRCA variation dataset consists of 255 BRCA PVs from 7,711 cancer patients, 136 (53.3%) in BRCA1 and 119 (46.6%) in BRCA2. We developed an open database named dbBRCA-Portuguese ( https://genemutation.fhs.um.edu.mo/dbbrca-portuguese/ ) and an open database named dbBRCA-Brazilian ( https://genemutation.fhs.um.edu.mo/dbbrca-brazilian ) to host the BRCA variation data from Portuguese and Brazilian populations. We compared the BRCA PV datasets between Portuguese and Brazilian populations, and identified 29 Portuguese-specific BRCA PVs shared between Portuguese and Brazilian populations, 14 in BRCA1 including the Portuguese founder BRCA1 c.3331_3334del and BRCA1 c.2037delinsCC, and 15 in BRCA2 including the Portuguese founder BRCA2 c.156_157insAlu. Searching the 78 Portuguese BRCA PVs in over 5,000 ancient human genomes identified evolution origin for only 8 PVs in Europeans dated between 37,470 and 3,818 years before present, confirming the Portuguese-specificity of Portuguese BRCA PVs; comparing the 78 Portuguese BRCA PVs Portuguese, 255 Brazilian BRCA PVs, and 134 African BRCA PVs showed little overlapping, ruling out the possibility that the BRCA PVs shared between Portuguese and Brazilian may also be contributed by African.
CONCLUSION: Our study provides evidence that the admixture in recent human history contributed to cancer susceptibility in modern humans.
Sarcopenia in cancer patients often negatively impacts various outcomes. Carboplatin, a first-line chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is dosed based on body weight, which doesn't account for sarcopenia. This study evaluated the association between sarcopenia and carboplatin-related toxicity in NSCLC patients. Patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC treated with carboplatin were included. Toxicity events during the first two cycles of treatment were recorded. Sarcopenia was assessed using pretreatment computed tomography scans analyzed with Slice-O-Matic V4.2 software, defining sarcopenia as a skeletal muscle index (SMI) of <52.4 cm2/m2 for men and <38.5 cm2/m2 for women. Among 146 patients, 52% had sarcopenia. Hematological toxicity occurred in 71.2% of all patients and 77.6% of those with sarcopenia. The fat-free mass index (FFMI) was independently associated with hematological toxicity and dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), which was observed in 55.5% of patients. Sarcopenia significantly correlates with hematological toxicity and DLT during carboplatin treatment in NSCLC patients. Given its prevalence and noninvasive detection, further research is needed to understand its impact on treatment outcomes.
Psychotic disorders are serious and debilitating mental illnesses that incur substantial suffering for patients and present major challenges to our health care system. Difficulties with emotion regulation (i.e., the ability to control the emotion response using strategies) significantly predict the development and maintenance of psychotic symptoms and poor community-based functional outcomes. Recent neuroimaging research indicates that hypofrontality may underlie these deficits. Unfortunately, there is no accepted technique for remediating these emotion regulation abnormalities in psychotic disorders. Recent advances from the field of cognitive neuroscience provide hope for a resolution to this critical unmet need in psychotic disorder therapeutics, demonstrating that brief computerized cognitive training interventions are capable of improving emotion regulation ability by targeting neural activation in the prefrontal cortex. The goal of the proposed project is to determine whether an emotional working memory cognitive training program is effective for remediating emotion regulation abnormalities and associated clinical outcomes in people with psychotic disorders. Outpatients with psychotic disorders will be randomly assigned to either an emotional working memory training (n = 35) or placebo (P: n = 35) cognitive training control intervention delivered via an app on a smart phone for 30 days. The primary aim is to determine whether the emotional working memory intervention successfully engages the target mechanism and enhances prefrontal activation on a non-trained emotion regulation transfer task beyond a pre-specified effect size criterion. Results will also be used to determine the treatment duration (15 vs. 30 days) that most effectively and efficiently improves the target.
SAD

The starting and recommended dosage in patients with SAD is 20 mg daily. In clinical trials the effectiveness of paroxetine was demonstrated in patients dosed in a range of 20 mg to 60 mg daily. While the safety of paroxetine has been evaluated in patients with SAD at doses up to 60 mg daily, available information does not suggest any additional benefit for doses above 20 mg daily [see Clinical Studies (14.4)].

GAD

The starting and recommended dosage in patients with GAD is 20 mg daily. In clinical trials the effectiveness of paroxetine in GAD was demonstrated in patients dosed in a range of 20 mg to 50 mg daily. There is not sufficient evidence to suggest a greater benefit to doses higher than 20 mg daily [see Clinical Studies (14.5)]. In patients with an inadequate response, increase dosage in increments of 10 mg per day at intervals of at least 1 week, depending on tolerability.
Swallowing a sponge prior to a clinical upper endoscopy. Patients diagnosed with Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) \> than 15 Eosinophils per high power field (phf) and failed to respond to Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) therapy. Will be asked to swallow a sponge, this is a 10 minute procedure done in the office prior to their clinical upper endoscopy. This will be sent for histology, \>15 Eos phf would be considered active disease. We will compare the results of the sponge using the EPO staining technique compared to histologic response.
FIELD: medicine, pediatrics. SUBSTANCE: the innovation could be used in treating the children above 5 years old at mild and average severity degrees of atopic form of bronchial asthma along with pronounced disorders of psychosomatic status. For this purpose at the stage of remission children are prescribed to apply histaserotoglobulin preparation, it should be subcutaneously injected into the upper part of external surface of a shoulder at the dosage of 0.2-1.5 ml in ascending scheme, 6 injections at 4-d-long interval. Moreover, it should be prescribed 3 courses at 2-mo-long interval. The method provides correction of psychoemotional disorders and could be used in children of such a category as a monotherapy. EFFECT: higher efficiency of therapy. 3 ex
BACKGROUND: Nutcracker syndrome (NCS) describes a set of symptoms and signs resulting from compression of the left renal vein (LRV). There is a lack of knowledge about its natural course, diagnosis, and management, especially in children. Herein, we present our single-center experience with a large number of patients who have long-term follow-up results.
METHODS: All patients with NCS diagnosed between January 2011 and March 2021 were included and their data were obtained retrospectively.
RESULTS: A total of 123 NCS patients (85 females) were included. The median age at the time of diagnosis was 12 (IQR 10-14) years, and BMI percentiles were below 5% in 38% of the cases. At the time of diagnosis, two-thirds of the patients were asymptomatic. The most common laboratory finding was nephritic proteinuria (98%), followed by microscopic hematuria (16%). Signs of LRV compression were significantly more evident in upright position Doppler ultrasonography (DUS) examination. All patients have been followed conservatively; hematuria and/or proteinuria resolved in 43 of the 108 patients (40%) within 35.8 ± 25.8 months of follow-up. Control DUS was performed in 52 patients after a mean period of 39.1 ± 21.3 months. The median peak velocity and diameter ratios of the LRV in the upright position were found to be decreased significantly when compared to the initial assessment (p < 0.05). Normal DUS findings were noted in 13 patients at the final evaluation.
CONCLUSIONS: In unexplained proteinuria and/or hematuria, NCS should be considered, especially in asthenic adolescents. Our results support conservative management in children as the first-line treatment approach.
Nasotracheal intubation via fiberoptic bronchoscope under snifing position.The snifing position was obtained by placement of a 7-cm cushion under the head of the patient. When the FOB was inserted into Nasal cavity, and the epiglottis and glottis were identified by the FOB. The anterior of FOB was inserted deep into tracheal after the glottis was exposed sufficiently then the tracheal tube was pushed into the trachea via the FOB.