anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Though most people with COVID-19 disease show asymptomatic to mild illness, a substantial number of patients are at high risk of developing severe disease and adverse outcomes with long COVID-19 and death. Even though some studies showed that previously existing infections with parasites amend the host's body defenses to increase resistance to infection with SARS-CoV-2, there is limited data in Ethiopia.
OBJECTIVES: This study is aimed at determining the COVID-19 disease severity and its association with intestinal parasite coinfection and urine biochemical parameters among COVID-19-confirmed patients admitted at Debre Markos University COVID-19 Center, 2021.
METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 136 RT-qPCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted at Debre Markos University COVID-19 Center from January 1 to March 30, 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected by using standardized data collection forms. A urine biochemical test was performed using a dry urine dipstick kit and stool examination using direct wet mount microscopic examination and formalin-ether concentration method. The chi-square test, Fisher exact test, and ordinal logistic regression analysis were computed to assess association with outcome variables using Statistical Package for Social Science software (version 24).
RESULT: A total of 136 COVID-19-confirmed patients participated in this study. The median age of the participants was 48 years. The majority (86 (62.5%)) of them were male in sex. Of the 136 cases, 39 (28.7%) had died. Among the 136 patients, 22 (16.2%) were coinfected with intestinal parasites. COVID-19 patients who have intestinal parasite coinfection had lower odds of developing clinically severe COVID-19 compared to noninfected (AOR = 0.37; 95% CI = 0.147-0.944; P = 0.037). The majority (104 (76.5%)) of them have abnormal urine biochemical results. From the abnormal urine biochemical tests observed, the urine blood, glucose, and ketone tests were positive for 54 (39.7%), 36 (26.5%), and 30 (21.1%) patients, respectively. Among the 31 critical COVID-19 patients, 25 (80.6%) showed abnormal urine biochemical parameters. Age and comorbidity were significantly associated with COVID-19 severity (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Patients with old age and comorbidity had an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19 disease. Patients having SARS-CoV-2 and intestinal parasitic coinfections demonstrated mild COVID-19 disease severity. Abnormal urine biochemical results were common among critical COVID-19 patients. Thus, advanced study on the effect of the interaction among intestinal parasites on COVID-19 clinical severity and its mechanisms is essential.
Activation of cell-cycle machinery in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain was reported by Mark Smith and colleagues and by other researchers. Among other biochemical processes underlying this activation, the notion that AD brain, under the onslaught of oxidative and nitrosative damage leading to neuronal loss, neurons would attempt to replenish their numbers by entering the cell cycle. However, being post-mitotic, neurons entering the cell cycle would become trapped therein, ultimately leading to death of these neurons. Yang and co-workers and the Butterfield laboratory first reported that similar activation of the cell cycle was present in the brains of individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), arguably the earliest clinical stage of AD, but who demonstrate normal activities of daily living and no dementia. Activation of the cell cycle in MCI brain is consonant with the concept that this process is an early aspect in the progression of AD. This brief review article discusses these findings and recognizes the contribution of Dr. Mark Smith to the investigation of cell-cycle activation in AD brain and other aspects of AD neuropathology.
Germ cell tumors are curable diseases. Only a small proportion of patients fail to be cured: those who experience a primary resistance to chemotherapy and those who relapsed after first line conventional dose cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Nowadays, there is heterogeneity of practice in salvage approaches. This includes conventional chemotherapy high dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplant. Best choice of the therapy strategy is an unmet clinical need now. This is why this single-center, non-randomized phase II study will be conducted at the N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology. Patients with germ cell tumors of gonadal and extragonadal localization who have progressed after prior platinum-containing first-line chemotherapy will receive two cycles of high-dose TI (Paclitaxel 200mg/m² on day 1, Ifosfamide 2000mg/m² daily from days 1 to 3 of 14-day cycle. G-CSF 10 micrograms/Kg SC daily day on days 6-14 day or until CD34 harvest; leukapheresis will be performed starting on day 11 in case of CD45+CD34+ blood level above 20x10\^6/L is achieved), followed by three cycles of high dose CE (Carboplatin AUC=8 IV daily days -4 to -2, Etoposide 400mg/m\^2 IV daily days -4 to -2, autlologous stem cell transplantation at day 0, GCSF support from day 4.) The primary endpoint of the study is to evaluate the efficacy by measuring progression-free survival. The secondary endpoints of the trial are overall survival, response rate by RECIST, safety and prognostic factors analysis.
The study will be a multi-center, prospective, single-arm study conducted under a common implant and follow-up protocol. Twenty-one adolescents and young adults (10-21 years of age) with Down Syndrome with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea after adenotonsillectomy will be identified through a Multi-Disciplinary clinic for patients with Trisomy 21 at each of our participating sites Patients and their parents will be screened by a senior pulmonologist and pediatrician for medical clearance and willingness to participate. Subjects will then undergo preoperative evaluation with an in-lab polysomnogram (PSG), evaluation by a pediatric otolaryngology surgeon, and drug induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) to ensure all inclusion and exclusion criteria are met. Subjects meeting eligibility criteria will then be implanted with the Inspire® Upper Airway Simulation System, Model 3024 IPG, and any subsequent iteration thereof that are approved under P130008 for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea, a hypoglossal nerve stimulator, after informed consent. Surgery will be performed by senior pediatric otolaryngologists who have completed a training program for the Inspire® system. Subjects will then adhere to a follow-up schedule. The device will be activated and settings titrated during an in-lab sleep study 1 month postoperatively. Quality of life surveys and device interrogation will be conducted at timed intervals. Subjects will then undergo in-lab polysomnography at 2 months, 6 months, and 12-months, then on an annual basis, and the device titrated as needed. All personnel adjusting device parameters will be trained in programming the Inspire® system. For this pilot study, we will evaluate safety and efficacy over the first year after device implantation.
Give one half tablet (20mg artemether, 120mg lumefantrine) to children weighing (5-9.9kg) and one tablet to children weighing (10-20kg) twice a day for three days for malaria based on rapid diagnostic test. For pneumonia, give one half tablet (250mg amoxicillin) for children weighing (5-9.9kg) and one tablet for children weighing (10-20kg) three times a day for five days.
Medications (SSRIs and D2 antagonists) and cognitive-behavioral therapy are the mainstays of treating OCD; however, many patients show only a partial response, and more than 25% of patients show no improvement with these treatments. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising alternative, using powerful, focused magnetic field pulses to stimulate target brain areas. So far, at least two stimulation targets have consistent evidence of efficacy in OCD: the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Patients often show a strong response to one target but not the other. It is not well understood why some patients respond, while others do not.

The investigators previously developed methods for discovering neurophysiological subtypes of depression based on resting state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) measures of functional connectivity (RSFC) in relevant brain networks; diagnosing them in individual patients; and using them to predict individual differences in rTMS response. Subsequently, motivated by recent studies characterizing individual variability in the topology of these functional networks, the investigators have optimized methods for improving the accuracy of these predictions by accounting for individual variability, stabilizing the selection of treatment-predictive features, and increasing robustness in replication samples through regularization. Here, the investigators propose applying these methods to discover novel network-based subtypes of OCD and develop prognostic neuroimaging biomarkers for predicting differential treatment response to rTMS targeting the DMPFC or OFC, which could subsequently be tested in a randomized clinical trial.
A system and a method for determining a biopsy location in a body part are provided. The system includes a first device configured to obtain digital physiological image data about the body part, a second device configured to obtain anatomical image data about the body part, a monitor configured to display the anatomical image data, a signal processing module that includes an analog-to-digital converter configured to digitize the anatomical image data, a memory configured to store the digital physiological image data and the digitized anatomical image data, and a correlator coupled to the memory and configured to correlate the digital physiological image data with the digitized anatomical image data and to produce a combined image as a result of the correlation. A determination of a biopsy location is made on the basis of the combined image. The first device may include a positron emission tomography scanner machine. The second device may include one of the group consisting of a digital x-ray machine, an x-ray mammography machine, an x-ray cranial axial tomography machine, a magnetic resonance imaging machine, and an ultrasound machine. The system may also include a localization device, such as a computer mouse, that is configured to select a preferred subset of the second image data based on the digital physiological image data. The first device may be configured to use a predetermined spatial coordinate system. The correlator may include a transformer configured to transform the data into the predetermined spatial coordinate system.
FIELD: chemistry; food products. ^ SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to use of N-isobutylamide 2E,4E-decadienoic acid (trans-pellitorine) as an aromatic substance, with a sialagogue but not burning effect in compositions used for food, oral hygiene or consumed for delectation, where trans-pellitorine is used in amounts of 20 parts/million in terms of the total mass of the composition. The invention also relates to the aromatic composition, with a sialagogue but not burning effect, containing trans-pellitorine in amounts of 20 parts/million in terms of the total mass of the composition, as well as to the method of obtaining trans-pellitorine. The invention also pertains to the method of obtaining N-isobutylamide 2E,4E-decadienoic acid. ^ EFFECT: obtaining a substance with sialagogue and/or irritant effect, as well as a wide neutral aromatic profile. ^ 6 cl, 7 ex
FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention concerns to pharmacology and medicine, particularly to methods of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition in a body of a mammal patient by combined use of an extracellular antagonist of receptor tyrosine kinase and an intracellular antagonist of receptor tyrosine kinase. The extracellular antagonist of receptor tyrosine kinase represents an antibody inhibiting activation of receptor tyrosine kinase by interaction with an extracellular binding region of the receptor. The intracellular antagonist of receptor tyrosine kinase represents a small molecule inhibiting activation of receptor tyrosine kinase by interaction with the intracellular binding region of the receptor bearing a kinase domain, or by interaction with an intracellular protein participating in signalling events of receptor tyrosine kinase reactions. The offered invention provides pharmaceutical compositions containing the extracellular and intracellular EGFR antagonist. ^ EFFECT: invention provides an improved or synergic effect on tumour growth. ^ 11 cl
The aim of this study was to investigate the skeletal muscle O2 dynamics during body-weight resistance exercise with slow movement and tonic force generation. Thirteen untrained, healthy, young males performed Bulgarian split squats and push-ups until volitional failure. Relative changes from rest in oxygenated haemoglobin (oxy-Hb) and deoxygenated haemoglobin (deoxy-Hb) concentrations were continuously monitored at the vastus lateralis (VL) and rectus femoris (RF) muscles during squats, and pectoralis major (PM) and triceps brachii (TB) muscles during push-ups using spatial resolved near-infrared spectroscopy oximetry. During the squat exercise, deoxy-Hb continuously increased at RF until failure (10.8 ± 7.0 μmol/L), while at VL, deoxy-Hb was relatively maintained during 25-100% of the number of maximum repetitions (18.0 ± 7.4 μmol/L at volitional failure). During the push-up exercise, a significant increase in deoxy-Hb was observed during exercise from rest at PM and TB. We found a significant increase in oxy-Hb during exercise at PM (28.1 ± 15.8 μmol/L at volitional failure), while at TB, no significant difference was observed from rest (-2.7 ± 13.7 μmol/L at volitional failure). Our findings suggest that the deoxygenation patterns during body-weight squat exercise were heterogeneous within the quadriceps muscles. Moreover, differences in O2 dynamics between the trunk and extremity muscles may be partly explained by convective O2 supply during resistance exercise. However, future studies are needed due to inter-individual differences in skills for body-weight resistance exercise.
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the incidence of occult lymph node metastasis (OLM) in clinical T1 - 2N0M0 (cT1 - 2N0M0) small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients and develop machine learning prediction models using preoperative intratumoral and peritumoral contrast-enhanced CT-based radiomic data.
METHODS: By conducting a retrospective analysis involving 242 eligible patients from 4 centeres, we determined the incidence of OLM in cT1 - 2N0M0 SCLC patients. For each lesion, two ROIs were defined using the gross tumour volume (GTV) and peritumoral volume 15 mm around the tumour (PTV). By extracting a comprehensive set of 1595 enhanced CT-based radiomic features individually from the GTV and PTV, five models were constucted and we rigorously evaluated the model performance using various metrics, including the area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). For enhanced clinical applicability, we formulated a nomogram that integrates clinical parameters and the rad_score (GTV and PTV).
RESULTS: The initial investigation revealed a 33.9% OLM positivity rate in cT1 - 2N0M0 SCLC patients. Our combined model, which incorporates three radiomic features from the GTV and PTV, along with two clinical parameters (smoking status and shape), exhibited robust predictive capabilities. With a peak AUC value of 0.772 in the external validation cohort, the model outperformed the alternative models. The nomogram significantly enhanced diagnostic precision for radiologists and added substantial value to the clinical decision-making process for cT1 - 2N0M0 SCLC patients.
CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of OLM in SCLC patients surpassed that in non-small cell lung cancer patients. The combined model demonstrated a notable generalization effect, effectively distinguishing between positive and negative OLMs in a noninvasive manner, thereby guiding individualized clinical decisions for patients with cT1 - 2N0M0 SCLC.
Calcium-sensing receptors (CaSRs) are G protein-coupled receptors that help maintain Ca2+ concentrations, modulating calciotropic hormone release (parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) by direct actions in the kidneys, gastrointestinal tract and bone. Variability in population calcium levels has been attributed to single nucleotide polymorphisms in CaSR genes, and several conditions affecting calcium and phosphate homeostasis have been attributed to gain- or loss-of-function mutations. An example is autosomal dominant hypercalciuric hypocalcaemia, because of a missense mutation at codon 128 of chromosome 3, as reported in our specific case and her family. As a consequence of treating symptomatic hypocalcaemia as a child, this female subject slowly developed progressive end-stage kidney failure because of nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis. After kidney transplantation, she remains asymptomatic, with decreased vitamin D and elemental calcium requirements, stable fluid and electrolyte homeostasis during intercurrent illnesses and has normalised urinary calcium and phosphate excretion, reducing the likelihood of hypercalciuria-induced graft impairment. We review the actions of the CaSR, its role in regulating renal Ca2+ homeostasis along with the impact of a proven gain-of-function mutation in the CaSR gene resulting in autosomal dominant hypercalciuric hypocalcaemia before and after kidney transplantation.
Respondents will be divided into 2 groups, namely the intervention group and the control group. The intervention group will be given spirulina platensis supplements at a dose of 2x2 /hr with a dose per capsule of 450 mg for 4 weeks with education about calorie restriction.
Healthy volunteers will be brought into a state of opioid influence in a well-known, short acting, controlled and safe manner using remifentanil. This will create a strong opioid effect inducing a miosis, reduced respiration and reduced sensation to pain, all three strong indicators of opiates. Naloxone will counteract these effects, which can be measured as a change in pupillary size. Blood samples for both naloxone and remifentanil will be also be taken.

Naloxone is a well-known, well-tolerated drug with an excellent safety profile over many decades of use. The formulation used in this trial holds market authorization. Care will be taken not to include opioid users in this study as naloxone would precipitate acute withdrawal. Also possible drug misusers will be excluded as well as people who have access to remifentanil and infusion equipment in their daily work, although the abuse potential of this highly specialised drug is minimal. By weighing syringes before and after discharge the reliability of the dose delivered will be confirmed.
PURPOSE: A Bst2 protein is provided to mediate homotypic adhesion and heterotypic adhesion between immunocytes and endothelial cells and to prevent and treat inflammatory diseases. CONSTITUTION: A composition for inflammatory diseases contains one or more Bst2 antagonist. The Bst2 antagonist comprises a monoclonal antibody which specifically binds to Bst2 decoy and one of Bst2 protein and mouse Damp1 protein. The Bst2 decoy is soluble form or soluble fragment of Bst2 protein. The Bst 2 protein has an amino acid of sequence number 73. The Damp1 protein has an amino acid of sequence number 74.
INTRODUCTION: The goal of our research programme is to develop culturally appropriate patient-specific interventions for primary and secondary prevention of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) among people living with HIV (PLWH); PLWH are at a higher risk for OPC than the general population and, as with many cancers, there are disparities in OPC health outcomes by race and ethnicity. Our study incorporates an anti-racist research framework that proposes considering racism as a foundational sociocultural system that causes ill health. We expand the framework to include biases due to gender, sexual orientation, HIV status and membership in other non-dominant groups. Our research programme focuses on HPV-related OPC among people living with PLWH, and on how intersecting identities may impact an individual's experience with oral health, obtaining regular and appropriate oral healthcare, knowledge and perceptions of oral HPV infection, risk factors for OPC and HPV vaccination.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will follow a grounded theory (GT) qualitative research methodology using focus group discussions (FGDs) to collect data. We will invite PLWH with intersecting identities to participate in one of 12-18 FGDs with 5-8 participants per group. Focus groups will be formed based on self-reported domains, including race, ethnicity, gender identity, sexual orientation and other identities that could impact oral health, such as smoking status, experience with homelessness or experience with drug use disorders. We do not know which aspects of intersecting identities are most salient to accessing oral healthcare. Using FGDs will allow us to gain this knowledge in a setting where participants can build on and reinforce shared understandings about oral healthcare. Following our GT methodology, analysis will occur concurrently with data collection, and emerging concepts or theories may result in changes to focus group guide questions. Initial focus group questions will be organised around our main objectives: (1) to identify individual, interpersonal and structural health equity factors that serve as barriers or facilitators to oral health status and care; (2) to explore knowledge and perceptions about causes, risk factors, prevention and screening for oral or OPC and (3) to elicit recommendations for improving access to regular and appropriate oral healthcare and suggestions on engaging PLWH from diverse identity groups in prevention interventions.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: All methods and procedures were approved by the University of California, San Francisco, Institutional Review Board (approval number: 23-39307) and are in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki of 1975, as revised in 2000. Participants are required to provide informed consent. The results of this study will be presented at scholarly meetings and published in peer-reviewed journals. In addition, a lay summary of results will be created and distributed to our participants and community through our website and social media.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT06055868.
Hwato brand disposable acupuncture needles and adhesive pads will be used. The acupoints of Shenshu (BL23), "Dachangshu (BL25)", Weizhong (BL40), Chengshan (BL57) and Taixi (KI3) will be inserted. There will be 18 treatment sessions with 3 times a week for continuous 6 weeks and a 30 min treatment per session.
The participants will receive 3 doses of PD-1 blockade and 2 courses of TP chemotherapy. Then the participants will take a radical surgery followed by radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy if necessary.