anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: To examine the therapeutic effect of Fangji Fuling Decoction (FFD) on sepsis through network pharmacological analysis combined with in vitro and in vivo experiments.
METHODS: A sepsis mouse model was constructed through intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS). RAW264.7 cells were stimulated by 250 ng/mL LPS to establish an in vitro cell model. Network pharmacology analysis identified the key molecular pathway associated with FFD in sepsis. Through ectopic expression and depletion experiments, the effect of FFD on multiple organ damage in septic mice, as well as on cell proliferation and apoptosis in relation to the mitogen-activated protein kinase 14/Forkhead Box O 3A (MAPK14/FOXO3A) signaling pathway, was analyzed.
RESULTS: FFD reduced organ damage and inflammation in LPS-induced septic mice and suppressed LPS-induced macrophage apoptosis and inflammation in vitro (P<0.05). Network pharmacology analysis showed that FFD could regulate the MAPK14/FOXO signaling pathway during sepsis. As confirmed by in vitro cell experiments, FFD inhibited the MAPK14 signaling pathway or FOXO3A expression to relieve LPS-induced macrophage apoptosis and inflammation (P<0.05). Furthermore, FFD inhibited the MAPK14/FOXO3A signaling pathway to inhibit LPS-induced macrophage apoptosis in the lung tissue of septic mice (P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: FFD could ameliorate the LPS-induced inflammatory response in septic mice by inhibiting the MAPK14/FOXO3A signaling pathway.
Based on expression levels of RRM1 and BRCA1 mRNA，one of the four regimens will be given to each patient: Gemcitabine/cisplatin, Docetaxel/gemcitabine, CPT-11/Cisplatin, docetaxel monotherapy. The chemotherapy will be repeated every 3 week. Dose reduction or interruption for toxicity could take place at any time.
BACKGROUND: Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease. After two or more short courses of alemtuzumab (ALZ), an immune reconstitution is achieved, which long-term results in reduced disease activity. We aimed to investigate the effect of ALZ on measures of neurodegeneration (i.e., brain atrophy, and retinal layer thinning).
METHODS: We designed an observational prospective mono-center study in RRMS patients initiating ALZ treatment. Patients were assessed at baseline (month 0) and thereafter annually for five years with clinical measures, synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (SyMRI) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), with a re-baseline SyMRI scan and an OCT exam 24 months after initiating ALZ. Persons with neurological symptoms but without evidence of neurological disease served as symptomatic controls (SCs, n = 27).
RESULTS: Forty-nine RRMS patients were included. Baseline median expanded disability status scale [2.0 (IQR 1.5)] was unchanged during follow-up, 71 % were progression-free, 33 % achieved no evidence of disease activity-3 (NEDA-3). Between baseline and month 60, SyMRI showed a reduction of brain parenchymal fraction (BPF) and grey matter (GM) volume in patients. The BPF reduction was greater in RRMS patients than in SCs (p < 0.05), and more pronounced in patients with high pre-baseline disease activity than in those without (p < 0.01). OCT showed significant thinning of macular ganglion cell and inner plexiform layers (mGCIPL) and in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) in patients. In contrast, absolute values of white matter (WM) volume and myelin content (MyC) quantified by SyMRI, were stable or increased after re-baseline (month 24) and up to month 60, and this increase appeared limited to patients without high pre-baseline disease activity and to patients with NEDA-3 or disability worsening during follow-up. A strong positive correlation between WM volume and GM volume at baseline was lost after ALZ intervention for their delta values, i.e., change from re-baseline (month 24) to month 60. While the positive baseline correlation between WM volume and MyC increased for their delta values, the positive baseline correlation between GM volume and MyC changed to negative for their delta values.
CONCLUSION: We showed that neurodegeneration continued in RRMS patients under ALZ treatment, but it appeared to be limited to BPF and GM, and more pronounced in patients with disease activity. Our data suggest that patients who respond to ALZ treatment show signs of remyelination. OCT and SyMRI have potential to quantify measures of neurodegeneration that is affected by treatment intervention in RRMS.
The major manifestations of overdosage with Matulane would be anticipated to be nausea, vomiting, enteritis, diarrhea, hypotension, tremors, convulsions and coma. Treatment should consist of either the administration of an emetic or gastric lavage. General supportive measures such as intravenous fluids are advised. Since the major toxicity of procarbazine hydrochloride is hematologic and hepatic, patients should have frequent complete blood counts and liver function tests throughout their period of recovery and for a minimum of two weeks thereafter. Should abnormalities appear in any of these determinations, appropriate measures for correction and stabilization should be immediately undertaken.

The estimated mean lethal dose of procarbazine hydrochloride in laboratory animals varied from approximately 150 mg/kg in rabbits to 1300 mg/kg in mice.
Participants receive two tablets of Metformin ER 500 mg once daily for no more than twelve to eighteen months allowing time for at least one follow up colonoscopy. Dose will be reached in a gradual escalation scheme to improve gastrointestinal tolerance. If participants experience side effects during dose escalation regimen, they will be reduced to one tablet of 500 mg daily, and may continue taking 500 mg daily for the duration of the study.
Hearing loss is a widespread condition throughout the world. It may affect patients from newborns to the elderly. There are too many reasons for hearing loss, including congenital hearing loss, virus infections, age-related situations, and traumatic situations, which may be related to the immune-mediated system. Fifty percent of hearing loss is related to genetic mutations and defects; genetic causes are highly heterogeneous, so the analysis of new variants are important for diagnosis. We aimed to describe the importance of detected gene variations by using targeted gene panels in the Next-Generation-Sequencing (NGS) platform. Eighty-one hearing loss targeted genes were investigated using Illumina NextSeq550 technology in 100 participants with hearing loss between 2017 and 2022 in our Genetic Diseases Evaluation Center. Targeted genes were performed on 100 patients with hearing loss diagnosis. The total number of detected variants was 77. Forty-seven cases have likely pathogenic/pathogenic variants. Thirty of them have uncertain clinical significance variants, and from the detected variants, 8 are novel. In this research, we highlighted that earlier detection of hearing loss using molecular genetic methods may help us understand the etiology and orient for a better prognosis. Results detected by using the NGS platform can assist and improve the diagnosis. In this study, the diagnostic rate with targeted genes was detected as 35.29%. It has an important role in clinical practice as the recommendation of cochlear implants. Clarifying the genotype and phenotype correlation helps us figure out the etiology of hearing loss and also the worth of genetic counseling in hereditary hearing loss.
BACKGROUND: Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SICM) is common complication in septic patients with a high mortality and is characterized by an abnormal inflammation response, which was precisely regulated by endogenous specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). However, the metabolic changes of cardiac SPMs during SICM and the roles of SPMs subset in the development of SICM remain unknown.
METHODS: In this work, the SPMs concentration was assessed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) of SICM mice and SICM patients. The cardiac function was measured by echocardiography after the treatment of a SPMs subset, termed Resolvin D2 (RvD2). Caspase-11-/-, GSDMD-/- and double deficient (Caspase-11-/-GSDMD-/-) mice were used to clarify the mechanisms of RvD2 in SICM.
RESULTS: We found that endogenous cardiac SPMs were disorders and RvD2 was decreased significantly and correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and β-BNP, cTnT in Lipopolysaccharide/Cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) induced SICM models. Treatment with RvD2 attenuated lethality, cardiac dysfunction and cardiomyocytes death during SICM. Mechanistically, RvD2 alleviated SICM via inhibiting Caspase-11/GSDMD-mediated cardiomyocytes pyroptosis. Finally, the plasma levels of RvD2 were also decreased and significantly correlated with IL-1β, β-BNP, cTnT and LVEF in patients with SICM. Of note, plasma RvD2 level is indicator of SICM patients from healthy controls or sepsis patients.
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that decreased cardiac RvD2 may involve in the pathogenesis of SICM. In addition, treatment with RvD2 represents a novel therapeutic strategy for SICM by inhibiting cardiomyocytes pyroptosis.
Beginning 1 week prior to chemotherapy, patients receive minocycline hydrochloride orally PO BID for 9 weeks. Laboratory biomarker analysis will also be obtained weekly on protocol. Questionnaire administration weekly.
PURPOSE:To provide a taste-improving oral agent improving unpleasant tastes such as bitter tastes, readily administered to children, having good absorbability in digestive tracts and exhibiting good availability by coating a nucleus containing the acid adduct of a basic drug with a weakly alkaline compound. CONSTITUTION:An oral agent having an improved bitter taste and produced by coating a nucleus containing the acid adduct (e.g. hydrochloride, sulfate, acetate or citrate) of a basic drug with a pharmacologically acceptable weakly basic alkaline inorganic compound such as an organic acid alkali(ne earth) metal salt, an amino acid or an alkali metal salt thereof, an antacid, or a weakly alkaline inorganic compound except the antacid. The basic drug includes antibiotics (e.g. beta-lactams), anti-histaminic agents (e.g. promethazine hydrochloride), depressants (e.g. tannic acid oxeladin salt), platelet agglutination-inhibiting agents (e.g. ticlopidine hydrochloride) and ataractics (e.g. promethazine hydrochloride) and has a pKa of 4-11, especially 6-9.5.
Patients undergo collection of blood samples at baseline, during each neoadjuvant therapy treatment, prior to surgical resection, and up to 4 times per year for up to 5 years. Patients also undergo collection of tissue sample at time of surgical resection. Patients medical records may also be reviewed.
Patients with newly diagnosed, cerebral cavernous malformation who will visit one of the study centers during the period from June 2016 to December 2017. Patients would be eligible for enrollment if they were 18 years of age or older and had at least 1 cavernous malformation. All patients who would visit a study center during the enrollment period and meet these criteria will be asked to join the study. The cohort will consists of patients who agree to participate. Target population of this study is 228 patients.
Concurrent mixed study consisting of different phases in which the qualitative and quantitative parts will be interspersed. The qualitative part will include focus groups, and the quantitative part will be a controlled non-randomised experimental study by convenience sampling according to hospital unit and professional category (nurses and nursing assistants). Multicenter study carried out at Hospital General de Granollers and the Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa in nursing professionals and nursing assistants with one year of experience working in the hospital in any of the hospitalization services or special services. Once the subjects have been included in the study, they will be assigned in each group (control group and intervention group) through a stratification by quotas following the same criteria as in the sampling. The intervention group will receive training (n=56), and the control group will not (n=112). The training will be based on the American Association of Critical Care Nurses standards on a healthy work environment. In both groups, the same data will be collected at different times (before and just after the training, at 6 months and 12 months post-training). The focus groups will not be conducted in the control group after the training. Work environment, burnout, intention to leave the job and staff engagement will be assessed.
The study is designed as a 4 week case-control follow-up study of 90 FE pt. with SCZ and 90 controls matched with regard to age, gender, and parental socio-economic status. All subjects will be examined with a diagnostic interview (SCAN, Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry), medical and family history, and physical examination before inclusion. At baseline subjects will be examined with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), MRI, fMRI, psychophysiology, neurocognition. In addition, they will be screened for drugs, genetic testing, and ECG. Patients will further be examined with clinical validated rating scales to measure psychopathology, subjective well-being, and side-effects. After a period of 4 weeks all assessments are repeated. During that period patients will be treated with amisulpride, while healthy controls will receive no treatment at all. Efficacy of antipsychotic treatment will be evaluated after this initial period of 4 weeks. All subjects will be re-assessed in the same test battery as mentioned above, except for SPECT and fMRI, after a period of 6, 12, and 24 months.
Background: We performed this prospective clinical study to compare the post-operative recovery profile of our patients after transperitoneal and retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy techniques. Our primary aim was to compare post-operative epidural analgesic consumption of transperitoneal (Group T) and retroperitoneal (Group R) laparoscopic nephrectomy patients within the first 24 hours.

Methods: Forty-four patients scheduled for elective transperitoneal or retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomies were enrolled. All patients in both groups received epidural catheter, 2.5ml test dose of lidocaine 2% and general anesthesia induction. At the end of the surgery, patients were given 1g IV paracetamol and 10ml 0.25% bupivacaine through epidural catheters and extubated. In the post-operative care unit, patients started to receive a continuous infusion of 0,1% bupivacaine and 1µg/ml fentanyl 5ml/h with patient-controlled boluses of an additional 4ml by a patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) device. They were prescribed IV tramadol 1mg/kg as a rescue analgesic (Visual analog scale (VAS)≥4). Total analgesic consumptions from PCEA devices, VAS scores at rest and during mobilization, heart rates (HRs), systolic (SBPs)/diastolic blood pressures (DBPs) at extubation (0th min-basal) and at post-operative 30th min, 2nd, 6th, 12th, 18th and 24th hours as well as number of patients who require rescue analgesic were recorded. Nausea, vomiting, time to first mobilization, return of bowel sounds and hospital stay were also documented. 0th and 30th min follow-ups were recorded in PACU and patients were passed on to ward nurses. Researchers who follow the patients at PACU and on the ward were all blinded to the surgical techniques.
This is the provision of PrEP as in the control phase plus the addition of five PrEP promotion components, which constitute the PrEP Promotion Package (PPP). These five additions are: 1) a PrEP promotion video to be played in the waiting room, 2) T-shirts advertising PrEP to be worn by healthcare workers, iii) a flipchart to support healthcare workers' PrEP counseling, iv) an informational booklet for clients to take home, and v) self-risk assessment forms to be displayed in the waiting room.
Environmental aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure has been proposed to contribute to hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting liver fibrosis, but the potential mechanisms remain to be further elucidated. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were recognized as crucial traffickers for hepatic intercellular communication and play a vital role in the pathological process of liver fibrosis. The AFB1-exposed hepatocyte-derived EVs (AFB1-EVs) were extracted, and the functional effects of AFB1-EVs on the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were explored to investigate the molecular mechanism of AFB1 exposure-induced liver fibrogenesis. Our results revealed that an environment-level AFB1 exposure induced liver fibrosis via HSCs activation in mice, while the AFB1-EVs mediated hepatotoxicity and liver fibrogenesis in vitro and in vivo. AFB1 exposure in vitro increased PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy in hepatocytes, where upregulated transcription of the PARK2 gene via p53 nuclear translocation and mitochondrial recruitment of Parkin, and promoted AFB1-EVs-mediated mitochondria-trafficking communication between hepatocytes and HSCs. The knockdown of Parkin in HepaRG cells reversed HSCs activation by blocking the mitophagy-related AFB1-EVs trafficking. This study further revealed that the hepatic fibrogenesis of AFB1 exposure was rescued by genetic intervention with siPARK2 or p53's Pifithrin-α (PFTα) inhibitors. Furthermore, AFB1-EVs-induced HSCs activation was relieved by GW4869 pharmaceutic inhibition of EVs secretion. These results revealed a novel mechanism that AFB1 exposure-induced p53-Parkin signal axis regulated mitophagy-dependent hepatocyte-derived EVs to mediate the mitochondria-trafficking intercellular communication between hepatocytes and HSCs in the local hepatotoxic microenvironment to promote the activated HSCs-associated liver fibrogenesis. Our study provided insight into p53-Parkin-dependent pathway regulation and promised an advanced strategy targeting intervention to EVs-mediated mitochondria trafficking for preventing xenobiotics-induced liver fibrosis.
Adult Clinical Studies

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center US clinical trial involving obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus whose hyperglycemia was not adequately controlled with dietary management alone (baseline fasting plasma glucose [FPG] of approximately 240 mg/dL) was conducted. Patients were treated with metformin HCl tablets (up to 2,550 mg/day) or placebo for 29 weeks. The results are presented in Table 8.

Table 8: Mean Change in Fasting Plasma Glucose and HbA1c at Week 29 Comparing Metformin HCl Tablets vs Placebo in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Mean baseline body weight was 201 lbs and 206 lbs in the metformin HCl tablet and placebo arms, respectively. Mean change in body weight from baseline to week 29 was -1.4 lbs and ‑2.4 lbs in the metformin HCl tablet and placebo arms, respectively.

A 29-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of metformin HCl tablet and glyburide, alone and in combination, was conducted in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had failed to achieve adequate glycemic control while on maximum doses of glyburide (baseline FPG of approximately 250 mg/dL). Patients randomized to the combination arm started therapy with metformin HCl tablet 500 mg and glyburide 20 mg. At the end of each week of the first 4 weeks of the trial, these patients had their dosages of metformin HCl increased by 500 mg if they had failed to reach target fasting plasma glucose. After week 4, such dosage adjustments were made monthly, although no patient was allowed to exceed metformin HCl 2,500 mg. Patients in the metformin only arm (metformin HCl plus placebo) discontinued glyburide and followed the same titration schedule. Patients in the glyburide arm continued the same dose of glyburide. At the end of the trial, approximately 70% of the patients in the combination group were taking metformin HCl 2,000 mg/glyburide 20 mg or metformin HCl 2,500 mg/glyburide 20 mg. The results are displayed in Table 9.

Table 9: Mean Change in Fasting Plasma Glucose and HbA1c at Week 29 Comparing Metformin HCl Tablets/Glyburide (Comb) vs Glyburide (Glyb) vs Metformin HCl Tablets (GLU): in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Inadequate Glycemic Control on Glyburide 

Mean baseline body weight was 202 lbs, 203 lbs, and 204 lbs in the metformin HCl tablet/glyburide, glyburide, and metformin HCl tablet arms, respectively. Mean change in body weight from baseline to week 29 was 0.9 lbs, -0.7 lbs, and -8.4 lbs in the metformin HCl tablet/glyburide, glyburide, and metformin HCl tablet arms, respectively.

Pediatric Clinical Studies

A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted in pediatric patients aged 10 to 16 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus (mean FPG 182.2 mg/dL), where patients were treated with metformin HCl tablets (up to 2,000 mg/day) for up to 16 weeks (mean duration of treatment 11 weeks). The results are displayed in Table 10.

Mean baseline body weight was 205 lbs and 189 lbs in the metformin HCl tablet and placebo arms, respectively. Mean change in body weight from baseline to week 16 was -3.3 lbs and -2.0 lbs in the metformin HCl tablet and placebo arms, respectively.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine effervescent tablet for soothing nerves and aiding sleep, which comprises medicinal components and an effervescent disintegrating agent, wherein the medicinal components comprise the following components in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of wild jujube seed, 5-8 parts of poria cocos, and 10-15 parts of lily. The invention selects the wild jujube seed, the tuckahoe and the lily to be compatible, and can nourish yin and blood, tonify liver and kidney, moisten lung and tranquilize the mind. The medicinal components of the invention can effectively treat convulsion and dreaminess caused by liver yin deficiency, also can nourish yin and moisten lung, and can prevent patients from waking up when the patients walk through the lung channel. In addition, the poria cocos disclosed by the invention can invigorate the spleen and promote diuresis, and frequent nocturnal emission caused by excessive nocturia is avoided. The effervescent tablet is prepared by adopting the form of matching with traditional Chinese medicine components, has good taste and high acceptance, and is suitable for people to take in full time. In addition, the invention adopts dry granulation, so that the effective components of the medicine can be effectively preserved, and the influence of the processing technology on the medicine property is avoided.
In an embodiment, systems and methods for generating and using person-controlled identifiers are provided. Coverage data for patients, received from multiple payors or collected from submitted claims, is analyzed to identify patients across payors that are the same patient. A person-controlled identifier is associated with each patient and is linked to the coverage data for the patient for each payor. Accordingly, the person-controlled identifier may uniquely identify the patient and their associated coverage at each payor. In the event that the patient changes payors, the person-controlled identifier may be linked to the new payor. Later, when the patient receives medical care from a medical provider, the patient may provide the person-controlled identifier to the medical provider instead of their payor issued card or number. The medical provider may then use the person-controlled identifier to determine the payor associated with the patient and to determine eligibility.