anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Literature suggests the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment®-BIG (LSVT-BIG®) program is an effective intervention for individuals with Parkinson's Disease (Ebersbach et al., 2015); however, no literature or research exists on the use of this program as an intervention for individuals with stroke. Therefore, this project aims to measure the effectiveness of the LSVT®BIG program with one individual with a stroke to determine if LSVT®BIG is a feasible and effective occupational therapy intervention for this population. The LSVT®BIG program is an intensive program with hands-on treatment sessions 4 days per week for 4 weeks. Clients complete home exercises every day that enhance the hands-on treatment and help promote carry-over of skills learned to daily tasks. The investigators have completed two case studies with clients with chronic stroke who demonstrated improved outcomes in upper extremity motor function and occupational performance. The purpose of this study is to test the LSVT®BIG intervention with a larger clinical population and to demonstrate that LSVT®BIG is an effective and feasible treatment option for improvement in occupational performance and upper extremity motor function with individuals with stroke.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an antibody with CDR-1 or the like having a specific amino acid sequence in its H-chain variable region, having affinity for a CD-4 antigen to be highly safe when administered to the human body, capable of massively preparing recombinant antibody, and useful for treatment of, e.g. autoimmune diseases. SOLUTION: This antibody has CDR-1, -2 and -3 with amino acid sequences shown by formulae I, II and III, respectively in its H-chain variable region, and has affinity for a CD4 antigen. It is preferable to prepare a monoclonal antibody for the CD4 antigen produced by the hybridoma H5 (accession no.: FERMOP-16807). It is also preferable to produce the antibody using a nucleic acid having base sequences shown by formulae IV and V, and that to prepare a pharmaceutical composition from the antibody and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
In this single ascending dose phase, participants will receive GSK3882347 50 milligram (mg), 150 mg and 250 mg orally on Day 1 of period 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Period 4 will be conducted to assess food effect based on the observed human PK.
OBJECTIVES: Patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) combined with severe type II respiratory failure have a high probability of ventilation failure using conventional non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV). This study aims to investigate the clinical efficacy of high intensity NPPV (HI-NPPV) for the treatment of AECOPD combined with severe type II respiratory failure.
METHODS: The data of patients with AECOPD combined with severe type II respiratory failure (blood gas analysis pH≤7.25) treated with NPPV in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from July 2013 to July 2023 were collected to conduct a retrospective case-control study. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the inspired positive airway pressure (IPAP) used during the NPPV treatment: a NPPV group (IPAP<20 cmH2O, 1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa) and a HI-NPPV group (20 cmH2O≤IPAP< 30 cmH2O). Ninety-nine and 95 patients were included in the NPPV group and the HI-NPPV group, respectively. A total of 86 pairs of data were matched using propensity score matching (PSM) for data matching. The primary outcome indexes (mortality and tracheal intubation rate) and secondary outcome indexes [blood gas analysis pH, arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), adverse reaction rate, and length of hospitalization] were compared between the 2 groups.
RESULTS: The tracheal intubation rates of the NPPV group and the HI-NPPV group were 6.98% and 1.16%, respectively, and the difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant (χ2=4.32, P<0.05); the mortality of the NPPV group and the HI-NPPV group was 23.26% and 9.30%, respectively, and the difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant (χ2=11.64, P<0.01). The PaO2 at 24 h and 48 h after treatment of the HI-NPPV group was higher than that of the NPPV group, and the PaCO2 of the HI-NPPV group was lower than that of the NPPV group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The differences of pH at 24 h and 48 h after treatment between the 2 groups were not statistically significant (both P>0.05). The differences between the 2 groups in adverse reaction rate and hospitalization length were not statistically significant (both P>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: HI-NPPV can reduce mortality and tracheal intubation rates by rapidly improving the ventilation of patients with AECOPD combined with severe type II respiratory failure. This study provides a new idea for the treatment of patients with AECOPD combined with severe type II respiratory failure.
Recent years, neoadjuvant therapy have emerged as a promising treatment option for the treatment of locally advanced gastric or gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. However, the efficacy of current neoadjuvant regimens is still unsatisfactory. Novel treatment with higher efficacy and safety are urgently needed. Recently, immunotherapy has achieved significant therapeutic effects in the treatment of a series of cancers, and chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy has been recommended as the standard first-line treatment for gastric cancer. Moreover, several phase I/II studies have explored the efficacy and safety of chemotherapy combined with PD-1 inhibitor in the neoadjuvant treatment for gastric cancer, the results of which indicate that chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy can significantly improve the pCR rate and R0 resection rate of gastric cancer. In this study, we will evaluate the efficacy and safety of chemotherapy combined with Cadonilimab（AK104） (a PD-1/CTLA-4 bispecific antibody) in the neoadjuvant therapy for resectable locally advanced gastric or gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma.
The purpose of the proposed research is to pilot test an innovative, theoretically-guided sexual risk reduction intervention for women with a history of abuse. T intervention builds on previous findings suggesting that it is important to address the psychological consequences of abuse, as well as the typical antecedents of sexual risk behavior. To inform intervention development, women who reported a history of abuse were recruited to participate in key informant interviews. Based on interview findings and guided by theory and empirical precedent, a novel sexual risk reduction intervention was developed and refined. The intervention will be pilot tested with 80 women recruited from a publicly-funded clinic who report a history of abuse and current sexual risk behavior. These women will complete a computerized survey to assess abuse, adult sexual risk behavior, HIV-related information, safer sex motivation, behavioral skills, interpersonal trust, guilt, and powerlessness. Behavioral skills will also be assessed through role-plays and simulation scenarios. Women will be randomly assigned to the novel intervention or to a structurally equivalent intervention focused only on the psychological antecedents of sexual risk behavior. Three months after intervention completion, women will return to complete computerized interviews and behavioral skills assessments. The long-term goal of this research is to develop a feasible and effective sexual risk reduction intervention for women who have a history of abuse.
OBJECTIVE: Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) is characterized by severe systemic edema without specific treatment, resulting in a high mortality rate. This study investigated whether there is organ edema in neonatal CLS patients and specific treatment strategies to improve patient prognosis.
METHODS: Thirty-seven newborns diagnosed with CLS were included in this study. (1) Routine point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) was used to identify whether the patients had visceral edema or fluid collection. (2) All patients were treated with 3% NaCl intravenously, and the clinical manifestations, laboratory indices and outcomes were compared before and after treatment.
RESULTS: (1) Diffuse severe edema was found in 92.0% of the patients. (2) The POCUS examination revealed that CLS patients exhibited significant visceral edema in addition to diffuse severe edema, which included pulmonary edema in 67.6%, cerebral edema in 37.8%, severe intestinal edema in 24.3%, severe myocardial edema in 8.1%, pericardial effusion in 5.4%, pleural effusion in 29.7% and peritoneal effusion in 18.9%. Two patients (5.45%) had only myocardial edema without other manifestations. (3) Before and after the intravenous injection of 3% NaCl, there were no significant differences in the serum sodium or potassium levels of CLS patients, while the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were significantly lower after treatment (p < 0.01). Her plasma ALB concentration and arterial pressure returned to normal levels after the treatment was completed. (4) All the patients survived, and no side effects or complications were observed during or after treatment with 3% NaCl.
CONCLUSIONS: (1) In addition to diffuse severe edema, visceral edema and effusion are common and important clinical manifestations of neonatal CLS and need to be detected by routine POCUS. (2) The intravenous injection of 3% NaCl is a safe, effective and specific treatment strategy for neonatal CLS, with a survival rate of 100% and no adverse effects.
Clinical and laboratory signs are neither specific nor sensitive for diagnosis of sepsis in critically-ill patients. Because delaying antimicrobial therapy may be deleterious, broad-spectrum antibiotics are widely used in ICU -patients, even when they are not needed. In addition, only few well-designed studies concerning the duration of antibiotic treatment have been so far published. Consequently, many patients received antibiotics during the ICU stay. Many studies have shown that exposure to antibiotics, the so called "selection pressure" is an independent risk factor for acquisition of resistance in individual patients. Therefore, reducing antibiotic use is probably necessary to control antibiotic resistance. Many clinical studies have shown that procalcitonin (PCT) is able to distinguish the inflammatory response to infection from other types of inflammation and to distinguish bacterial from viral infections. Recent studies have shown that PCT guidance substantially and safely reduced antibiotic overuse in patients with lower respiratory tract infections. We aimed to evaluate the role of PCT in reducing the use of antibiotics in ICU adult patients. The study is a prospective, randomized, controlled intervention trial conducted in 9 centers, comparing a conventional strategy versus a PCT-guided strategy to start or to discontinue antibiotics, in patients with suspected community or hospital- acquired infection.
BACKGROUND: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) has been associated with gastrointestinal inflammation and fibrosis, suggesting that RAAS blockade may be beneficial in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Using retrospective analysis, we aimed to compare the disease course of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) taking two commonly prescribed classes of RAAS-blocking agents.
STUDY: Patients with CD initiated on an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) between 2000 and 2016 were enrolled. Data on clinical, radiologic, and procedural surrogate markers of inflammatory bowel disease were collected in the subsequent 3, 5, and 10 years and compared with matched controls using univariate and multivariate analyses.
RESULTS: Compared with controls, patients taking ARBs had fewer instances of corticosteroid use (1.06 vs 2.88, P < 0.01) at 10 years. Patients taking ACEIs had an overall worse disease course, with more imaging studies (3.00 vs 1.75, P = 0.03) and endoscopic procedures (2.70 vs 1.78, P = 0.01) at 5 years, and more imaging studies (6.19 vs 3.50, P < 0.01), endoscopic procedures (5.91 vs 3.78, P < 0.01), and gastrointestinal operations (0.59 vs 0.18, P < 0.02) at 10 years. Results remained significant on multivariate analysis, adjusting for CD characteristics and the use of other antihypertensive medications.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides insight into the long-term use of RAAS-blocking agents in patients with CD, suggesting that differences exist among commonly prescribed medication classes. While ACEIs were associated with an overall worse disease course at 5 and 10 years, patients taking ARBs were noted to have fewer instances of corticosteroid use at 10 years. Future large-scale studies are needed to further explore this association.
Following baseline screening, participants will receive two subsequent treatments with botulinum-A toxin, each separated by 12 weeks. Participants will receive standardized botulinum-A toxin dosing for chronic migraine prophylaxis, comprised of 155 total units given at 31 specified sites across 7 head/neck muscles (protocol to be explicitly described in full protocol). Second dose of botulinum-A toxin will either be maintained at 155 total units as dosed initially, or be increased to 195 total units, depending on response to clinical questionnaires and examination to evaluate response and efficacy (to be described in full protocol, consistent with the "Follow-the-Pain Injection Paradigm").
Methods and systems for detecting cancer and/or determining a cancer tissue of origin are disclosed. Fragments are grouped into genomic regions, wherein a region model is trained for each genomic region. Fragments are input into the region models, and the outputs are used to generate a feature vector for cancer classification. In one embodiment, the region models are shallow neural networks configured to generate a score indicating a likelihood that a fragment is derived from a cancer biological sample. The feature vector is determined based on counts of fragments having scores above threshold scores for the various genomic regions. In another embodiment, the regions models are configured to generate a region embedding for an input methylation embedding of a fragment. The region embeddings are pooled by region and then pooled again to generate the feature vector.
The prevalence of depression is high worldwide, and somatic symptoms are known to be one of the most debilitating aspects of depression. However, clinicians often face challenges in accurately assessing this comorbidity. To address this issue, the Depression and Somatic Symptoms Scale (DSSS) was developed as a self-administered scale that can diagnose both depression and somatic symptoms. The objective of this study is to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Arabic-translated version of the DSSS (A-DSSS) in a sample of Lebanese adults, as well as to explore its associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of one month, from February to March 2023, and involved a sample of 422 participants who were aged 18 years or older. Participants completed a questionnaire that included various measures, including demographic characteristics, alcohol and smoking habits, physical activity history, as well as two scales: the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ9) scale and the A-DSSS scale. The A-DSSS showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.936), strong test-retest reliability (ICC of 0.988 with CI 0.976-0.994; p < 0.001), and a three-factor structure consistent with previous research. Convergent validity was supported by a significant correlation with the PHQ-9. Stepwise linear regression revealed that engaging in physical activity and increasing calorie consumption (as measured by MET-min/week score) were associated with a significant decrease in the A-DSSS total score and subscales. However, a significant increase in the A-DSSS total score was seen in the female gender in comparison for male gender. The A-DSSS revealed good psychometric properties and may be a useful tool for assessing depression and somatic symptoms in this population. The study also identified potential factors associated with depression and somatic symptoms, such as physical activity, calorie consumption, and gender, which may have implications in addressing depression and somatic symptoms for future interventions and clinical practice.
Ferroptosis, a defensive strategy commonly employed by the host cells to restrict pathogenic infections, has been implicated in the development and therapeutic responses of various types of cancer. However, the role of ferroptosis in oncogenic Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)-induced cancers remains elusive. While a growing number of non-histone proteins have been identified as acetylation targets, the functions of these modifications have yet to be revealed. Here, we show KSHV reprogramming of host acetylation proteomics following cellular transformation of rat primary mesenchymal precursor. Among them, SERPINE1 mRNA binding protein 1 (SERBP1) deacetylation is increased and required for KSHV-induced cellular transformation. Mechanistically, KSHV-encoded viral interleukin-6 (vIL-6) promotes SIRT3 deacetylation of SERBP1, preventing its binding to and protection of lipoyltransferase 2 (Lipt2) mRNA from mRNA degradation resulting in ferroptosis. Consequently, a SIRT3-specific inhibitor, 3-TYP, suppresses KSHV-induced cellular transformation by inducing ferroptosis. Our findings unveil novel roles of vIL-6 and SERBP1 deacetylation in regulating ferroptosis and KSHV-induced cellular transformation, and establish the vIL-6-SIRT3-SERBP1-ferroptosis pathways as a potential new therapeutic target for KSHV-associated cancers.
Chronic pain is not directly cause death but it is a major source of disability and suffering. Because of the enormous medical, economic, and social burden of chronic pain worldwide better understanding of pain biology has become a critical topic in order to develop targeted, novel, safe, and effective treatments. Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) is a multidisciplinary educational method used by physiotherapists worldwide in chronic pain rehabilitation. The goal of PNE is to alter a person's perception of pain. PNE aims to correct patient misconceptions about pain physiology. As a result, pain education can help to reduce levels of fear of pain, fear of movement, pain catastrophizing thoughts, and passive coping strategies (for example, the use of painkillers or massage treatments). Currently, only a few research have investigated the benefits of PNE in children. The majority of studies have focused on pain management education programs rather than explaining the neurology of pain. The combined effects of PNE and physiotherapy have not been studied in children. But adult studies are demonstrated that PNE and physiotherapy are effective. According to studies, PNE has been linked to promising results in the treatment of chronic pain and functional impairment in adults. James et al. concluded that PNE reduced pain, disability, pain catastrophization, and kinesiophobia in the short and medium term, based on a systematic evaluation of 12 randomized controlled studies assessing the effect of PNE in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Currently, no study has been conducted in investigators country that has adapted PNE for children and evaluated the consequences of PNE use. The primary aim of the research is to perform a modified Delphi survey to obtain and synthesize expert opinions on culturally appropriate PNE materials for children in terms of content, relevance of information, clarity and intelligibility of information, and visual qualities of the materials. The second aim of the research is to investigate the impacts of culturally tailored PNE on pain symptoms (pain severity, pain awareness, fear of pain, catastrophizing pain, dealing with pain), quality of life, and involvement in children with chronic pain, as well as to compare it to a normal education program.
New DNA molecule (I) encoding for the VP1/P2A region of the rhinoviral system has, in the P2A region, non-wild type unique signal sequences for restriction enzymes. Also new are (1) oligonucleotides (II) encoding for a modified VP1/P2A region in which the modification is pref. present at cleavage sites or in the cleavage region of P2A, and esp.  modified cis activity; (2) test systems contg. (I) in a suitable expression system; (3) oligopeptides (III) encoded by (II), and (4) oligopeptides (IIIa) split by P2A in trans. The rhinovirus is of serotypes HRV2 or HRV89 and the signal sequences for the enzymes ZmaI, SmaI, XmaIII, AvaI, NaeI, MluI, EagI, BglII or SnaBI are recognisable. In (II) the modification results in destruction of the P2A active centres. USE/ADVANTAGE - The test systems allow examination of cis and trans activity, and expression systems contg. (I), which encode for the same amino acid sequence as native viral DNA and differ only in restriction enzyme pattern, can be used to define the smallest region of HRV which retains proteolytic activity. (III) are useful as competitive inhibitors of trans activity so can be used therapeutically or prophylactically.
Residential Written Exposure Therapy (resWET): Treatment as Usual (TAU) plus 5-individual Written Exposure Therapy (WET) sessions (40-60 min each; Marx \& Sloan, 2019) twice a week for two weeks and once a week for the final session, administered by WET trained psychologists, social workers, or postdoctoral residents. Treatment instructions are read, patients write for 30 minutes, and the writing is briefly processed. No formal written homework is required.
Patients are positioned in the lithotomy position and a 6F ureteral catheter is placed and the bladder is drained with a 16F urethral Foley catheter. After ureteral catheterization, patients are placed in the prone position, and percutaneous access of the desired calyx is achieved under fluoroscopic guidance with the use of an 18-gauge needle and a guidewire passage. Tract dilation is accomplished by using Amplatz dilators up to 30F. Pneumatic lithotripter is used for fragmentation and stone removal is accomplished with retrieval graspers through a rigid 22F nephroscope. An 18-24 F nephrostomy tube is placed at the end of the operation.
Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer-storage media, for predictive analysis and interventions to limit disease exposure. In some implementations, user data indicating a prospective action of a user of a mobile device is received. Content is provided to cause the mobile device associated with the user to present a prompt for user input regarding the prospective action of the user. Potential future exposure of the user to a disease is evaluated based on response data indicating a response to the prompt. A disease exposure prevention option for the user is selected or customized for the user based on at least one of the user data or the response data. Content is provided to cause the mobile device associated with the user to present the disease exposure prevention option.