anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Refractory pain is a major clinical problem in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and chronic pancreatitis (CP). New, effective therapies to reduce pain are urgently needed. Intravenous lidocaine is used in clinical practice in patients with PDAC and CP, but its efficacy has not been studied prospectively.
METHODS: Multicenter prospective nonrandomized pilot study included patients with moderate or severe pain (Numeric Rating Scale ≥ 4) associated with PDAC or CP in 5 Dutch centers. An intravenous lidocaine bolus of 1.5 mg/kg was followed by continuous infusion at 1.5 mg/kg/hr. The dose was raised every 15 minutes until treatment response (up to a maximum 2 mg/kg/hr) and consecutively administered for 2 hours. Primary outcome was the mean difference in pain severity, preinfusion, and the first day after (Brief Pain Inventory [BPI] scale 1-10). A BPI decrease ≥1.3 points was considered clinically relevant.
RESULTS: Overall, 30 patients were included, 19 with PDAC (63%) and 11 with CP (37%). The mean difference in BPI at day 1 was 1.1 (SD ± 1.3) points for patients with PDAC and 0.5 (SD ± 1.7) for patients with CP. A clinically relevant decrease in BPI on day 1 was reported in 9 of 29 patients (31%), and this response lasted up to 1 month. No serious complications were reported, and only 3 minor complications (vertigo, nausea, and tingling of mouth). Treatment with lidocaine did not impact quality of life.
DISCUSSION: Intravenous lidocaine in patients with painful PDAC and CP did not show an overall clinically relevant reduction of pain. However, this pilot study shows that the treatment is feasible in this patient group and had a positive effect in a third of patients which lasted up to a month with only minor side effects. To prove or exclude the efficacy of intravenous lidocaine, the study should be performed in a study with a greater sample size and less heterogeneous patient group.
Patients are ventilated in prone position for 1 hour followed by ventilation in prone position with NO inhalation for 1 hour. Then they are ventilated in prone position alone for 14 hours.
Obesity has become a prominent public health concern worldwide and is associated with adverse cognitive function. Exercise, particularly aerobic exercise, is known to benefit for weight loss and cognitive function. However, whether acute aerobic exercise could yield benefits to obese individuals and the precise brain mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. The study aimed to investigate whether acute aerobic exercise could improve inhibitory control among obese individuals and what neuroelectric mechanisms are implicated. A 3 (session: control, low-intensity exercise, moderate-intensity exercise) × 2 (congruency: congruent, incongruent) within-subject design was conducted. 18 obese young male adults underwent three sessions of 30-min interventions in a counterbalanced order seperated by five days: moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (MIE), low-intensity aerobic exercise (LIE) and a control session (a sedentary period of seated rest). The Flanker task and EEG recordings (N2 and P3 amplitude) were investigated following exercise and the control treatment. Results showed that the N2 amplitude following MIE was larger than the control session, whereas a larger N2 and reduced congruent P3 amplitude was observed following MIE than LIE. However, no main effect of the session was found for reaction time and accuracy, but a significant main effect of congruency was observed. These findings suggest acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise may modulate brain activity through enhanced recruitment of attentional resources for cognitive control and conflict monitoring in adults with obesity.
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a chronic respiratory disorder associated with endothelial dysfunction, increased sympathetic activation and increased cardiovascular risk. The standard treatment paradigm is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), however, patient adherence to CPAP is variable. It is unclear to what extent that poor adherence to CPAP therapy augments vascular endothelial function and reduces cardiovascular risk compared to excellent adherence. The main aim of this research is to investigate vascular endothelial function in OSA patients who are poorly-adherent to CPAP therapy. Nitric oxide (NO)-mediated, endothelium-dependent macrovascular and microvascular function (by brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation and forearm cutaneous thermal hyperaemia, respectively) and generalised microvascular function (by post-occlusion reactive hyperaemia) will be assessed in three obese OSA patient populations (high-adherence (n=20); low adherence (n=20); and, untreated (n=20)) and age-/BMI-matched OSA-free controls. We will also assess body composition, cardiovascular risk, lipid status and functional capacity. This research will evaluate treatment efficacy in patients who are poorly-adherent to CPAP treatment and could identify whether an alternative approach to their care should be explored.
Patients in this group will not undergo any block after LMA. PI, PVI, pulse, saturation, noninvasive arterial pressure values will be recorded before induction, after induction, after LMA, at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 minutes after the surgical incision and at the end of anesthesia. PI, PVI will be monitored with Radical-97TM Pulse CO-OximeterTM (Masimo Corp, Irvine, CA, USA) probe.
The invention provides ticagrelor monohydrate which is a novel crystal substance. The differential scanning calorimetric spectrum of the monohydrate crystal form has two relatively large endothermic peaks at 102+/-5 DEG C and 136+/-5 DEG C; a thermogravimetric spectrum shows the monohydrate contains one molecule of water of crystallization per unit. According to the invention, ticagrelor is heated and dissolved in a mixed solvent of an organic solvent and water; cooling and crystallization are carried out; and filtering and drying are carried out, such that the ticagrelor monohydrate is obtained. The invention provides an application of the ticagrelor monohydrate in preparing medicines used for treating/preventing thrombosis. The ticagrelor monohydrate crystal form provided by the invention has good storage stability, and has water solubility better than reported anhydrous crystal forms. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantage of simple operation. The solvent is environment-friendly and controllable, and is easy to recycle. The method is suitable for large-scale industrialized production.
The experienced examiner performed tests on 200 ACL ruptureand 200 healthy subjects using each device. Effectiveness was analyzed using 1.5 mm and 3 mm threshold values in ACL tears.
OBJECTIVES: Secondary prevention of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is generally considered potentially impactful because the entire RA population is believed to experience a symptomatic 'pre-RA' phase. We wondered whether this dogma is correct. Therefore we investigated an inception cohort of patients with newly diagnosed RA and studied among them patients who did and did not present with preceding arthralgia at risk for RA.
METHODS: Consecutively diagnosed patients with RA between 2012 and 2022 were studied (n=699). These patients had either directly presented with clinically apparent arthritis, or had first presented with clinically suspect arthralgia (CSA). Clinical characteristics at symptom onset and RA diagnosis were compared. Whether certain characteristics frequently occurred together was studied using a K-means algorithm after dimension reduction with partial least squares discriminant analysis. To validate that groups differed in long-term outcomes, sustained disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug-free remission (SDFR) of the groups was studied during a median follow-up of 5.3 years.
RESULTS: Patients with RA who had first presented with CSA were younger, more often had a gradual symptom onset and were more often anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA)-positive. Studying characteristics at symptom onset and RA diagnosis revealed four patient clusters, of which two clusters included almost all patients with a preceding CSA phase. Patients in these two clusters (55% of RA population) were younger, had a gradual symptom onset, longer symptom duration and were more frequently ACPA-positive. Patients with RA in these clusters achieved SDFR less often (HR 0.51 (95% CI 0.37 to 0.68)) than the patients with RA in the two clusters where preceding CSA was infrequent/absent.
CONCLUSION: These data suggest the notion that the entire RA population has an identifiable symptomatic risk stage should be refuted. This may impact on the scope of preventive interventions targeting the symptomatic risk phase.
Inhalation of reclaimed water is known to cause lung inflammation, and free endotoxins have been shown to be a major risk factor for acute exposure. Subchronic exposure has also been shown to induce inflammatory responses with visible tissue damage. However, subchronic risk factors have yet to be identified, and a threshold for the protection of occupational populations during urban reuse is necessary. In this study, potential risk factors in reclaimed water were examined by subchronic exposure with fractionated reclaimed water, and the health risk threshold was tested with a series of diluted reclaimed water. Accordingly, following a 12-week exposure, macromolecules and microorganisms were found to be two major risk factors in reclaimed water that could cause pulmonary inflammation, including increased proportion of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in bronchoalveolar fluid, formation of inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue, and elevation of Immunoglobulin A levels. Moreover, inflammation persisted after a 4-week recovery period. The calculated threshold of reclaimed water exposure for mice was 31.8 Endotoxin Unit (EU)/(kg·day) under when exposed to 50% additional relative humidity from reclaimed water at 25°C for 2 hr/day. Meanwhile, the subchronic threshold estimate for humans under the same exposure conditions was found to be 12.2 EU/(kg·day), corresponding to endotoxin levels of 61.7 EU/mL in reclaimed water. The threshold level of endotoxin was lower than that in most non-potable reclaimed water. The findings of this study suggest that occupational exposure of reclaimed water can serve as a potential risk to workers.
Dietary protein plays an important role in maintaining balanced calcium levels in the body. Protein's impact on skeletal health remains unclear. It is well accepted that increasing dietary protein results in greater excretion of calcium through urine. The excreted calcium is thought to come in part from bone, which would suggest a negative effect on bone health. However, recent studies have found that higher protein intake is, in fact, associated with higher bone mineral density and lower rates of bone loss. The purpose of this study is to determine if a daily protein supplement will improve bone health and hormonal measures of bone metabolism among healthy older men and women who consume low-to-normal levels of dietary protein.

This study will last 18 months. For the duration of the study, participants will be randomly assigned to receive either a 40-gram protein supplement or placebo daily. There will be a total of nine study visits that will occur at screening, study entry, Month 1.5, and every three months thereafter. Dietary records, nutritional counseling, glucose finger stick tests, and questionnaires related to falls, physical activity, habits, and study satisfaction will occur at all study visits. Blood and urine collection, functional testing, and bone mineral density (BMD) testing will occur at selected visits. At Months 0 and 18, half of the participants will undergo a quantitative computed tomography (CT) scan to determine bone mineral density.
In the year 2000, there were over 37, 000 new acceptors of family planning in the Lusaka District Clinics. A variety of methods were prescribed, including combined oral contraceptive pills, injectable progestins, the intrauterine copper device, condoms, and others. The most recent sentinel survey of reproductive age women estimated that approximately 30% of reproductive age women in Lusaka are HIV-infected. Since voluntary HIV counseling and testing is not yet universally available in many of the district clinics, women receive all different types of contraception regardless of their HIV status.

There is some observational data published recently that suggests hormonal contraception may increase HIV viral load in the female genital tract and potentially increase HIV transmission to the male partner. By contrast, barrier methods have historically been very unpopular in stable couples and are not used consistently in many cases despite intensive counseling. The IUCD represents one of the most inexpensive and effective methods of birth control available in Lusaka. However, it has not been studied adequately to make policy recommendations regarding its use in HIV infected women. The purpose of this study will be to evaluate safety and acceptability of the IUCD versus hormonal methods of contraception in HIV-infected and uninfected women in Lusaka. Specifically, we will 1) compare the contraceptive effectiveness of the IUCD to the standard practices of user-chosen hormonal contraception, 2) compare the rates of pelvic infection between IUD and hormonal contraceptive users, and 3) compare rates of method discontinuation.

Patients who have a continuing second trimester pregnancy, serologically confirmed HIV infection, a desire for 24 months of contraception, and a willingness to be randomly assigned either an IUCD or hormonal contraception postpartum will be screened at 32 weeks in their pregnancies to receive either an IUCD or user chosen hormonal contraception postpartum. Women will then be seen at postpartum weeks 4-6 for method randomization and then at months 6, 12, 18 and 24 to monitor pregnancy, continuation of method, side effects and any other problems. Women will be encouraged to return for problems at any time. At least once yearly, women will have a complete physical exam. CD4 and HIV clinical status will be monitored regularly.
FIELD: medicine, particularly, methods of performance of surgical operations on various organs. SUBSTANCE: method consists in dissection of tissue by fluid jet under pressure. Pressure of fluid jet is set up to 25-100 MPa. Tissues are dissected through nozzle hole 50-95 mcm in diameter at a distance of 1-2 mm from tissue surface. EFFECT: extended potentialities of method due to dissection of tissues of different density. 3 cl, 1 tbl
The effectiveness of Sanofi Pasteur´s dengue vaccine (Dengvaxia®) according to the age will be assessed in five municipalities of Paraná State - Maringá, Foz de Iguaçu, Londrina, Sarandi and Paranaguá. Any health service located in each of the five municipalities may report a suspected dengue case. However, in all five municipalities, there is a large public emergency service, the UPA. There are currently three UPA in Londrina, two in Maringá and Foz do Iguaҫu and one each in Paranaguá and Sarandi. These facilities are responsible for reporting the majority of suspected dengue cases. In Londrina and Maringá, the private health sector also provides emergency care. The implementation of the study protocol adds a collection of a blood sample for PCR to the existing protocol for addressing suspected dengue cases among individuals within the target vaccination age groups.

The study will count on the activities already carried out by teams of epidemiological surveillance of dengue intensifying the identification of the serotype through the laboratory method RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction) in real time. In addition, the investigators will identify hospitals and health units that attend dengue cases for sample collection, to perform real-time RT-PCR and initial processing of the blood samples collected from the controls.
BACKGROUND: Prophylactic lymphatic bypass or LYMPHA (LYmphatic Microsurgical Preventive Healing Approach) is increasingly offered to prevent lymphedema following breast cancer treatment, which develops in up to 47% of patients. Previous studies focused on intraoperative and postoperative lymphedema risk factors, which are often unknown preoperatively when the decision to perform LYMPHA is made. This study aims to identify preoperative lymphedema risk factors in the high-risk inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) population.
METHODS: Retrospective review of our institution's IBC program database was conducted. The primary outcome was self-reported lymphedema development. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify preoperative lymphedema risk factors, while controlling for number of lymph nodes removed during axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), number of positive lymph nodes, residual disease on pathology, and need for adjuvant chemotherapy.
RESULTS: Of 356 patients with IBC, 134 (mean age: 51 years, range: 22-89 years) had complete data. All 134 patients underwent surgery and radiation. Forty-seven percent of all 356 patients (167/356) developed lymphedema. Obesity (body mass index > 30) (odds ratio [OR]: 2.7, confidence interval [CI]: 1.2-6.4, p = 0.02) and non-white race (OR: 4.5, CI: 1.2-23, p = 0.04) were preoperative lymphedema risk factors.
CONCLUSION: Patients with IBC are high risk for developing lymphedema due to the need for ALND, radiation, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This study also identified non-white race and obesity as risk factors. Larger prospective studies should evaluate potential racial disparities in lymphedema development. Due to the high prevalence of lymphedema, LYMPHA should be considered for all patients with IBC.
The p53 protein is the master regulator of cellular integrity, primarily due to its tumor-suppressing functions. Approximately half of all human cancers carry mutations in the TP53 gene, which not only abrogate the tumor-suppressive functions but also confer p53 mutant proteins with oncogenic potential. The latter is achieved through so-called gain-of-function (GOF) mutations that promote cancer progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance by deregulating transcriptional networks, signaling pathways, metabolism, immune surveillance, and cellular compositions of the microenvironment. Despite recent progress in understanding the complexity of mutp53 in neoplastic development, the exact mechanisms of how mutp53 contributes to cancer development and how they escape proteasomal and lysosomal degradation remain only partially understood. In this review, we address recent findings in the field of oncogenic functions of mutp53 specifically regarding, but not limited to, its implications in metabolic pathways, the secretome of cancer cells, the cancer microenvironment, and the regulating scenarios of the aberrant proteasomal degradation. By analyzing proteasomal and lysosomal protein degradation, as well as its connection with autophagy, we propose new therapeutical approaches that aim to destabilize mutp53 proteins and deactivate its oncogenic functions, thereby providing a fundamental basis for further investigation and rational treatment approaches for TP53-mutated cancers.
Method for resolving racemic 2-amino-6-propylamino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzothiazole (I) or for enriching a mixture with an excess of one enantiomer. Method for resolving racemic 2-amino-6-propylamino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzothiazole (I) or for enriching a mixture with an excess of one enantiomer comprises; (a) reacting the racemate (or enriched mixture) with a chiral acid of formula (IV) as an organic solution, optionally mixed with water; and (b) (fractional) crystallization of a mono-salt, diastereomerically pure or enriched, of formula (V). R : phenyl or alkylphenyl; and X : anion of (IV). An independent claim is included for diastereoisomeric salts, optically pure or enriched, of formula (V). [Image] ACTIVITY : Antiparkinsonian; Neuroleptic; Hypotensive. No details of tests for these activities are given. MECHANISM OF ACTION : Dopamine D2 agonist.
Employees at wild great ape sites are at high risk of transmitting infectious diseases to endangered great apes. Because of the significant amount of time employees spend near great apes, they are a priority population for the prevention and treatment of zoonotic and zooanthroponotic spillover and need adequate preventive and curative healthcare. Qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 46 staff (rangers and porters) at Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda (BINP) and key informants from five other wild great ape sites around the world were performed. The objectives of the study were to 1) evaluate health-seeking behavior and health resources used by staff in contact with great apes at Bwindi Impenetrable National Park; 2) evaluate existing occupational health programs for employees working with great apes in other parts of the world; and 3) make recommendations for improvement of occupational health at BINP. Results show that BINP employees do not frequently access preventive healthcare measures, nor do they have easy access to diagnostic testing for infectious diseases of spillover concern. Recommendations include assigning a dedicated healthcare provider for great ape site staff, providing free annual physical exams, and stocking rapid malaria tests and deworming medication in first aid kits at each site.
Iron is used as skin fibroblast collagen synthesis stimulant. An independent claim is included for a composition comprising a liquid mineral extract containing iron in complexed form. ACTIVITY : Dermatological. MECHANISM OF ACTION : Collagen synthesis stimulator. The ability of iron complex to stimulate collagen synthesis was tested in human fibroblasts using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The result showed that the iron complex extract significantly increased the type I intrafibroblastic pro-collagen contents to 109% at a concentration of 0.05 vol.%.
This Phase 4, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study is being undertaken at up to 170 sites internationally to evaluate the effect of OCA on clinical outcomes in 428 participants with PBC. The study will include a screening period of up to 8 weeks, requiring two clinic visits. Eligible participants will be randomly allocated (1:1) to treatment with either OCA 5 mg or matching placebo tablets, taken orally once daily for the majority of participants; dose and frequency will be modified for participants with cirrhosis and classified as Child-Pugh (CP) B or C. Randomization will be stratified by standard treatment with UDCA (yes/no) and baseline liver function. The treatment period involves clinic visits approximately every 3 months. At the 3 month visit or any study visit thereafter, if study treatment is tolerated, participants' dose should be titrated per protocol in a blinded manner eg for participants who are non-cirrhotic or classified as CP A and randomized to OCA, they should receive the maximum daily dose of 10 mg OCA, those on placebo continue to receive placebo. Subsequently, daily dosage may return to 5 mg if necessary for these participants who are non-cirrhotic or classified as CP A, but should be increased to 10 mg if possible, based on tolerability and clinical judgment. Safety and tolerability will be assessed by monitoring adverse events and vital signs, and blood and urine testing. The study is event driven and total duration will be determined by the time required to accrue approximately 127 primary endpoint events, estimated to be approximately 10 years. Participants are expected to have a minimum follow-up time of approximately 6 years.
Washout plus Placebo Ocular Insert in each eye for 24 to 48 days, followed by one segment of bimatoprost and one placebo segment (no drug product) combined onto a single ocular insert in each eye for 70 days. Following a second washout period, 0.5% timolol drops twice daily in each eye from Day 99 to 112.
Participants randomized to the Young Men and Media Program group will have access to the online sexual health media literacy materials. They will also complete three assessments at baseline, post-intervention, and a 3 month follow-up.