anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Cyclophosphamide is a widely applied agent in treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. As an alkylating agent, cyclophosphamide is able to induce several side effects, including thinned hair, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, infection, myelosuppression, etc. However, the remarkable variability of the reactions to the drug -- the incidence of side effect or the outcome of the treatment -- has been observed among patients. Cyclophosphamide is a pro-drug, which require some enzymes in the liver to transform it into an active chemical to arouse alkylating function. And then it undergoes a series of detoxification steps catalyzed by the specific metabolic enzymes. This study is designed to explore the genetic variation among individuals in the key processes of the activation and elimination of cyclophosphamide in order to find out whether these genetic factors are associated to the side effects or efficacy. The further understanding into the factors concerning on the drug might imply possible solution to minimize the incidence of side effects in patients of systemic lupus erythematosus.
This study was an open-trial study. One hundred subjects participated in it. The study was explained to the subjects and they voluntarily agreed to participate in it. Their eligibility to participate in the study was checked, and they were randomized either into the simple microfracture group or the modified microfracture group using collagen based on a centrally controlled randomization table. They were asked to follow the guidelines of the investigators during the study and to visit the hospital six times\*, including for screening. At each visit, the subjects underwent an examination with doctors, a blood test, an X-ray procedure, an MRI, an observation with the naked eyes, and arthroscopy to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the procedure. (\*If the screening date overlaps with the procedure date, the number of his or her visits would be five.)
Social support and life satisfaction are important determinants of health behaviors and health outcomes. Cigarette smoking, a health risk behavior that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, is deemed to have association with perceived social support and life satisfaction. This study assessed this relationship among US adults with one or more cardiovascular (CV) risks, namely, hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, and obesity. Using nationally representative data from the 2021 National Health Interview Survey on 17,557 adults with at least one CV risk, we examined whether individuals with low life-satisfaction and weak social-support were more likely to smoke compared to those with high life-satisfaction and strong social support. At different levels of social support (strong and weak), the odds of smoking were higher among individuals with low level of life satisfaction. Likewise, at different levels of life satisfaction (high, medium, and low), smoking prevalence was the highest among individuals with weak social support. Estimates of the multivariable logistic regressions, with controls for various demographic and socioeconomic correlates, suggested that the adjusted odds of current smoking for individuals with low life-satisfaction and weak social-support were 3.07 (95% CI: 2.34, 4.03) times that of individuals with high life-satisfaction and strong social support. This association was robust across all four CV risk factors, and across different sociodemographic (i.e., sex, age, race and ethnicity) and socioeconomic (i.e., income, urban/rural residence) sub-groups.
NEW MATERIAL:A human calpastatin polypeptide expressed by the formula. EXAMPLE:A remedy for diseases caused by an overaction of a calpain, such as adult leukemia, cataract, etc. PREPARATION:For example, a cDNA prepared from a template mRNA originating from a normal human liver is linked to a vector and introduced into a host cell to form a cDNA library. A clone containing a gene coding a human calpastatin is screened from the cDNA library by using a cDNA fragment of a porcine calpastatin as a probe. The clone is then cultured and propagated and a bacteria pellet collected is treated with restriction enzymes to take up the DNA fragment, which is inserted into a vector and introduced into E. coli to transform. The resultant transformant is then cultured and a peptide expressed by the formula is obtained from the culture solution.
PCOS is a highly prevalent reproductive disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism (HA) and oligo/anovulation. PCOS is also associated with metabolic syndrome, obesity and insulin resistance. In young women with PCOS, several factors contribute to HA: a) excess LH secretion, b) abnormal ovarian steroidogenesis, c) abnormal adrenal steroidogenesis, and d) hyperinsulinemia/ insulin resistance. Of interest, HA (and menstrual function) improves with age in PCOS. However, the relative contributions of the aforementioned HA-related factors in young adult vs. late reproductive-aged women with PCOS are not known. Identifying the most important predictor(s) of HA in older women with PCOS will be critically important for devising the most relevant therapeutic strategies for older women with PCOS. The investigators propose to determine the relative contributions of four established predictors of HA (LH secretion, ovarian response to r-hCG administration, adrenal response to ACTH administration, and hyperinsulinemia) in older vs. young women with PCOS in a physiological study. The investigators hypothesize that hyperinsulinemia is a stronger independent predictor of free testosterone (T) in older reproductive aged (vs. young) women with PCOS. In addition, the investigators hypothesize that, in older vs. young women with PCOS: a) ovarian response to r-hCG will be a weaker independent predictor of free T; b) mean LH will be a stronger independent predictor of free T; and c) the predictive ability of adrenal response to ACTH will be similar. This will be a cross-sectional physiological study. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression will be utilized to determine the relative contributions of 4 established predictors of HA in older vs. young women with PCOS. Statistical plans include intra-age group hypothesis testing, inter-age group hypothesis testing, and a ranking of the importance of predictors in each age group.
The invention discloses a sulforaphane preparation. The sulforaphane preparation comprises sulforaphane, mesoporous silica and a lipid membrane. The surface of the mesoporous silica is provided with nanoscale apertures. The nanoscale apertures are filled with sulforaphane. The surfaces of the mesoporous silica nano-particles carrying sulforaphane are coated with the lipid membrane. The invention also discloses a preparation method and a use of the sulforaphane preparation. The sulforaphane preparation has positive effects of cancer treatment, can substantially improve sulforaphane stability, has slow release and targeting dual-effects, can keep long blood circulation time and necessary plasma concentration, can recognize cancer tissue or cells, can realize intracellular administration by cell endocytosis and has a very wide application prospect.
This study will be a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, Phase IV study of pamidronate vs. zoledronic acid in women with breast cancer and bone metastases. Patients who are at high-risk of subsequent SREs will be screened for entry into this study. High-risk will be defined as fulfilling one or more of the following criteria: elevated sCTX (\>400ng/L) and/or bone pain and/or a prior SRE and/or progression of bone disease (by imaging) despite at least 3 months of pamidronate therapy. Patients who meet the eligibility criteria, will be randomized to receive 3 cycles of intravenous zoledronic acid (4mg intravenously over 15 minutes) or to continue their standard dose of pamidronate. Both treatments will be given at 4 week intervals. Patients will be stratified according to whether or not they have had a SRE prior to study entry, progressive bone disease or bone pain. In order for the study to be double-blind, patients will receive two infusions simultaneously, at each study visit, one of the active drug and another of the placebo. After completing 3 cycles of study treatment, patients will resume their monthly intravenous pamidronate infusions as per current standard of care.
It is intended to provide an agent for promoting healing of living body, which promotes an ability to regenerate the living body involved in healing of cell and tissue damage caused by drug toxicity or wound, has high safety, and does not cause any side effect even if it is administered for a long period of time.  The object was achieved by the agent for promoting healing of living body containing a mixture of a culture solution and mycelia obtained by culturing a microorganism belonging to Aureobasidium sp. as an active ingredient.  The invention is preferably used for reducing side effects of an anticancer agent.  Further, it is preferably used for promoting wound healing.  Further, it is preferably used for promoting the normalization of blood glucose level or improving the pathology of leukemia.
Patients receive Paclitaxel IV on days 1, 8, and 15. Patients also receive GalunisertibPO BID on days 1-14. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Glaucoma and Alzheimer's disease are critical degenerative neuropathies with global impact. Previous studies have indicated that glaucomatous damage could extend beyond ocular structures, leading to brain alterations potentially associated with Alzheimer's disease risk. This study aimed to explore the causal associations among glaucoma, brain alterations, and Alzheimer's disease. We conducted a comprehensive investigation into the genetic correlation and causality between glaucoma, glaucoma endophenotypes, cerebral cortical surficial area and thickness, and Alzheimer's disease (including late-onset Alzheimer's disease, cognitive performance, and reaction time) using linkage disequilibrium score regression and Mendelian randomization. This study showed suggestive genetic correlations between glaucoma, cortical structures, and Alzheimer's disease. The genetically predicted all-caused glaucoma was nominally associated with a decreased risk of Alzheimer's disease (OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93-0.99, P = 0.013). We found evidence for suggestive causality between glaucoma (endophenotypes) and 20 cortical regions and between 29 cortical regions and Alzheimer's disease (endophenotypes). Four cortical regions were causally associated with cognitive performance or reaction time at a significant threshold (P < 6.2E-04). Thirteen shared cortical regions between glaucoma (endophenotypes) and Alzheimer's disease (endophenotypes) were identified. Our findings complex causal relationships among glaucoma, cerebral cortical structures, and Alzheimer's disease. More studies are required to clarify the mediation effect of cortical alterations in the relationship between glaucoma and Alzheimer's disease.
The efficacy of Citalopram as a treatment for major depressive disorder was established in two placebo-controlled studies (of 4 to 6 weeks duration) in adult outpatients (ages 18-66) meeting DSM-III or DSM-III-R criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) (Studies 1 and 2).

Study 1, a 6-week trial in which patients received fixed Citalopram doses of 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg, and 60 mg daily, showed that Citalopram 40 daily and 60 mg daily (1.5 times the maximum recommended daily dosage) was effective as measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) total score, the primary efficacy endpoint. The HAMD-17 is a 17-item, clinician-rated scale used to assess severity of depressive symptoms. Scores on the HAMD-17 range from 0 to 52, with higher scores indicating more severe depression. This study showed no clear effect of the 10 mg and 20 mg daily doses, and the 60 mg daily dose was not more effective than the 40 mg daily dose. Due to the risk of QTc prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias, the maximum recommended dosage of Citalopram is 40 mg once daily.

In study 2, a 4-week, placebo-controlled trial in patients with MDD, the initial dose was 20 mg daily, followed by titration to the maximum tolerated dose or a maximum dose of 80 mg daily (2 times the maximum recommended daily dosage).

Patients treated with Citalopram showed statistically significantly greater improvement than placebo patients on the HAMD total score, the primary efficacy endpoint. In three additional placebo-controlled trials in patients with MDD, the difference in response to treatment between patients receiving Citalopram and patients receiving placebo was not statistically significant.

In two long-term studies, patients with MDD who had responded to Citalopram during an initial 6 or 8 weeks of acute treatment were randomized to continuation of Citalopram or placebo. In one study, patients received fixed doses of Citalopram 20 mg or 40 mg daily and in the second study, patients received flexible doses of Citalopram 20 mg daily to 60 mg daily (1.5 times the maximum recommended daily dosage). In both studies, patients receiving continued Citalopram treatment experienced statistically significantly lower relapse rates over the subsequent 6 months compared to those receiving placebo. In the fixed-dose study, the decreased rate of depression relapse was similar in patients receiving 20 mg or 40 mg daily of Citalopram. Due to the risk of QTc prolongation and ventricular arrhythmias, the maximum recommended dosage of Citalopram is 40 mg once daily.

Analyses of the relationship between treatment outcome and age, gender, and race did not suggest any differential responsiveness on the basis of these patient characteristics.
Studies on climate variables and food pathogens are either pathogen- or region-specific, necessitating a consolidated view on the subject. This study aims to systematically review all studies on the association of ambient temperature and precipitation on the incidence of gastroenteritis and bacteraemia from Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Vibrio, and Listeria species. PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched up to 9 March 2023. We screened 3,204 articles for eligibility and included 83 studies in the review and three in the meta-analysis. Except for one study on Campylobacter, all showed a positive association between temperature and Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio sp., and Campylobacter gastroenteritis. Similarly, most of the included studies showed that precipitation was positively associated with these conditions. These positive associations were found regardless of the effect measure chosen. The pooled incidence rate ratio (IRR) for the three studies that included bacteraemia from Campylobacter and Salmonella sp. was 1.05 (95 per cent confidence interval (95% CI): 1.03, 1.06) for extreme temperature and 1.09 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.19) for extreme precipitation. If current climate trends continue, our findings suggest these pathogens would increase patient morbidity, the need for hospitalization, and prolonged antibiotic courses.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Nurses have an essential role in dealing with public health emergencies (PHE). This study explored the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards preventing occupational exposure in PHE among nurses in Wuhan.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2023 to assess the KAP of nurses in Wuhan, China. Questionnaires were created and distributed to evaluate the KAP of nurses and explore the factors associated with KAP. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between baseline demographic characteristics and KAP, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to explore complex relationships and causal pathways among relevant factors.
RESULTS: A total of 440 valid questionnaires were collected. The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 11.84 ± 2.37, 39.87 ± 3.10, and 44.05 ± 3.76, respectively. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that age >50 years old (p = 0.039), working experience of 1-3 years (p = 0.060) and 4-6 years (p = 0.024), participation in PHE training, and scene rescue (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with knowledge score. In addition, the attitude of the nurses was significantly related to knowledge scores (p = 0.002). Moreover, practice was significantly associated with knowledge scores (p = 0.005) and attitude scores (p < 0.001). The correlation analysis showed that the practice was significantly associated with knowledge (r = 0.336, p < 0.001) and attitude (r = 0.449, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Nurses exhibited moderate knowledge, relatively positive attitude, and practice, which needed to be improved regarding occupational exposure in PHE. The practice of the nurses could be promoted by paying more attention to the working experience, participation in training and scene rescue in PHE, and their knowledge and attitude.
By 2030, individuals 65 years of age or older will make up approximately 20% of the world's population1. Older individuals are at the highest risk for mortality from infections, largely due to the pro-inflammatory, dysfunctional immune response, which is collectively known as immunosenescence2. During aging, CD8+ T cells acquire an exhausted phenotype, including increased expression of inhibitory receptors, such as programmed cell death 1 (PD1), a decline in effector function and elevated expression of inflammatory factors3-7. PD1 reduces T cell receptor activity via SHP2-dependent dephosphorylation of multiple pathways; accordingly, inhibiting PD1 activity through monoclonal antibodies increases CD8+ T cell effector response in young mice8-11. Attempts to improve CD8+ T cell responses by blocking inhibitory receptors are attractive; however, they can lead to adverse immune events due to overamplification of T cell receptor signaling and T cell activation12,13. Here we investigated the effect of monoclonal anti-PD1 immunotherapy during normal microbial experience, otherwise known as exposure to dirty mice, to determine whether it either improves exhausted CD8+ T cell responses in old mice or leads to a heightened inflammatory response and increased mortality.
Closed-loop strategy is composed of three components: glucose sensor to read glucose levels, insulin pump to infuse insulin and a dosing mathematical algorithm to decide on the required insulin dosages based on the sensor's readings. A dual-hormone closed-loop system would regulate glucose levels through the infusion of two hormone: insulin and glucagon.

We aim to conduct the 1st randomized three-way cross-over trial comparing single hormone closed-loop strategy, dual-hormone closed-loop strategy and the conventional pump therapy. We aim to compare the three interventions for 24 hours in adults and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Each 24 hours will include a 60-min exercise session, three meals characterizing a full day, activities that mimick real-life conditions and an overnight stay. This study will also allow for multiple comparisons and evaluating the benefits of each component separately (i.e. the benefits of merely closing the loop with insulin alone vs. adding glucagon to the closed-loop strategy).
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating the fatty liver. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared from effective ingredients and medically acceptable auxiliary materials. The effective ingredients comprise, by weight, 5%-30% of codonopsis pilosula, 5%-30% of rhizoma alismatis, 5%-30% of the root of kudzu vine, 4%-10% of panax notoginseng, 5%-25% of the root of red-rooted salvia, 5%-15% of pollen typhae, 5%-30% of prepared fleece flower roots, 5%-30% of serrate rabdosia herb and 5%-30% of serrate rabdosia herbs. Codonopsis pilosula in the traditional Chinese medicine preparation can invigorate the spleen to eliminate dampness and serves as a monarch drug. Rhizoma alismatis, the root of kudzu vine and serrate rabdosia herb can resolve dampness and relieve internal heat of fever, and panax notoginseng, the root of red-rooted salvia and pollen typhae can promote blood circulation to remove blood stasis and serve as a ministerial drug. Prepared fleece flower roots can tonify the kidney and nourish the lever, lychee seeds can promote the circulation of qi and remove stasis and serves as an adjuvant drug, the nine kinds of medicine are used together, the functions of invigorating the spleen to eliminate dampness and invigorating the circulation of blood and tonifying the kidney are achieved together, then liver lipidosis is restrained, liver fat is promoted to be degraded, liver lipidosis is reduced, and the remarkable curative effect on the fatty liver is achieved.
Elevation of gastric pH in patients with hypochlorhydria can reduce the solubility of weakly basic drugs. This may lead to poor and unpredictable systemic exposure for poorly soluble drugs. For example, extent of absorption of the kinase inhibitors, dasatinib (Sprycel) and erlotinib (Tarceva), is reduced by up to 61% and 46% respectively in patients on acid-reducing agents (ARAs). This pilot study is to evaluate the use of ascorbic acid, vitamin C, to temporary reduce gastric pH in individuals with omeprazole induced hypochlorhdyria. Using pH/impedance testing, we are seeking to determine the magnitude and duration of pH change upon administration of 1000 mg of ascorbic acid in healthy subjects with proton-pump inhibitor induced hypochlorhydria. The results from this study will be used to evaluate the use of ascorbic acid as a drug-drug interaction mitigation strategy.
Safety and effectiveness of oxaprozin, the active component of the OXAPROZIN CAPSULES, have been established for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) in pediatric patients aged 6 to 16 years. Use of oxaprozin for this indication is supported by evidence from one open label study in 59 pediatric JRA patients and evidence from adequate and well controlled studies in adult rheumatoid arthritis patients.[see Clinical Studies (14.1, 14.2,14.3)].

Gastrointestinal symptoms occurred in pediatric patients at a higher incidence than those historically seen in controlled studies in adults. Of 30 patients in the pediatric JRA trial who continued treatment more than 3 months (19 to 48 weeks range total treatment duration), nine experienced rash on sun-exposed areas of the skin and five of those discontinued treatment [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

Safety and effectiveness of OXAPROZIN CAPSULES in pediatric patients below the age of 6 years of age have not been established.
The non-receptor tyrosine kinase activity of fusion gene Bcr-Abl derived oncoproteins is the key factors responsible for development and progress of Philadelphia positive (Ph+) Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) and Ph+ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). In the search for a peptide-based inhibitor of Bcr- Abl tyrosine kinase, here we investigated a naturally occurring molecule called Apoptin. 'Apoptin1 is a 14 kDa viral protein (chicken anemia virus protein-3, CAV- VP3) and known to induce apoptosis in a wide range of transformed but not in primary cells. During the initial phase of our study an array-based analysis demonstrated that Apoptin interacts with the SH3 domain of AbI. We further investigated the role of Apoptin on Bcr-Abl. High stringent pul!-down and co- immunoprecipitation assays revealed that Apoptin strongly interacts with the fusion protein Bcr-Abl (p210). We also identified Apoptin's ability to significantly inhibit Bcr-Abl kinase and presumably indirectly a series of downstream targets (e.g. CrkL, STATS, c-Myc, etc.). In comparison studies, using lmatinib® we discovered that apoptin has a significant killing efficacy on human and mouse CML celi lines expressing Bcr-Abl. We postulated, the interacting segment of the Apoptin molecule acts as an adaptor and negatively regulates the Bcr-Abl kinase. The obtained data provides foundation for the development of peptide based tyrosine kinase inhibitors as new anti-cancer agents.