anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Lymph node metastasis is a significant risk factor for patients with cholangiocarcinoma, but the mechanisms underlying cholangiocarcinoma colonization in the lymph node microenvironment remain unclear. We aimed to determine whether metabolic reprogramming fueled the adaptation and remodeling of cholangiocarcinoma cells to the lymph node microenvironment.
APPROACH AND RESULTS: Here, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing of primary tumor lesions and paired lymph node metastases from patients with cholangiocarcinoma and revealed significantly reduced intertumor heterogeneity and syntropic lipid metabolic reprogramming of cholangiocarcinoma after metastasis to lymph nodes, which was verified by pan-cancer single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, highlighting the essential role of lipid metabolism in tumor colonization in lymph nodes. Metabolomics and in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 screening identified PPARγ as a crucial regulator in fueling cholangiocarcinoma colonization in lymph nodes through the oleic acid-PPARγ-fatty acid-binding protein 4 positive feedback loop by upregulating fatty acid uptake and oxidation. Patient-derived organoids and animal models have demonstrated that blocking this loop impairs cholangiocarcinoma proliferation and colonization in the lymph node microenvironment and is superior to systemic inhibition of fatty acid oxidation. PPARγ-regulated fatty acid metabolic reprogramming in cholangiocarcinoma also contributes to the immune-suppressive niche in lymph node metastases by producing kynurenine and was found to be associated with tumor relapse, immune-suppressive lymph node microenvironment, and poor immune checkpoint blockade response.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal the role of the oleic acid-PPARγ-fatty acid-binding protein 4 loop in fueling cholangiocarcinoma colonization in lymph nodes and demonstrate that PPARγ-regulated lipid metabolic reprogramming is a promising therapeutic target for relieving cholangiocarcinoma lymph node metastasis burden and reducing further progression.
PURPOSE:To provide a new radioactive iodine labeled aliphatic acid-cyclodextrin complex useful as an imaging agent capable of early diagnosis and discovery of various heart diseases, diseases capable of being detected by the change in the function of aliphatic acid uptake or aliphatic acid metabolism, deterioration of biofunction, etc. CONSTITUTION:A radioactive iodine labeled aliphatic acid-cyclodextrin complex, e.g. 15-(p-iodophenyl)-9-methylpentadecanoic acid/hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin complex. This complex is obtained, e.g. by adding 1-10000 mole, preferably 1-10 mole, of cyclodextrin to 1 mole of a labeled aliphatic acid and dissolving in a tris-HCl buffer solution having pH of about 8.0. The complex can be administered to human body without using a dissolving agent, e.g. ethanol and useful as an imaging agent. The imaging agent can be used in a form of powder, granules, tablets, capsules, oral solution, suppositories or especially injections. The imaging agent has extremely high safety.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled easily absorbable substance containing all the components of pearl and useful as a tonic agent, by neutralizing the nacre or ground-nacre of pearl with lactic acid, heating the obtained pearl extract, and pulverizing the resultant crystals. CONSTITUTION:CaCO3 accounting for 92% of the nacre and ground-nacre of a mother-of-pearl is insoluble and has an absorbability of as low as 30%. The nacre, etc. is neutralized with 10% lactic acid of formula I for drink to obtain a pearl extract containing soluble calcium lactate of formula II, amino acid mixture, carbohydrate, and various inorganic minerals. The pearl extract is heated at 80 deg.C for 7hr, and the obtained colloidal cystals are cooled spontaneously, and pulverized with an ultrafine mill to obtain refined powder. It has higher solubility than pearl Calc and pearl Calc-S, high absorbability and sterilizing effect. It is useful as an efficient antipyretic, cardiotonic, tonic, and beautifying agent, etc.
INTRODUCTION: Understanding how persons with narcolepsy conceptualize symptoms, daily impact and illness experience is key to facilitating dialogue between patients and healthcare professionals. These concepts are usually explored from the perspective of healthcare professionals/researchers and rarely from the perspective of those with narcolepsy.
METHODS: 127 self-reported persons with narcolepsy were recruited from an Australian patient support group. A short demographic survey was completed. All agreed to participate in a subsequent 1:1 semi-structured interview. Saturation was reached after 24 interviews (mean age = 33 years (SD 11) with 44% reporting cataplexy). A multidisciplinary team of researchers/clinicians analyzed interview transcripts using thematic analysis.
RESULTS: Participants perceived physical fatigue, sleepiness, and two separate experiences of 'falling asleep/sleep attacks' as distinct symptoms rather than a multidimensional construct (i.e. excessive daytime sleepiness). We also identified two experiences of cataplexy, one triggered by acute emotion and another by a stressor. Participants determined their narcolepsy to be 'well-managed' by the level of functional impairment rather than the frequency of any symptom. Almost all participants described experiencing anticipated stigma and internalized or 'self-' stigma, likely stemming from societal devaluation of sleep and the conflation of sleepiness with laziness.
CONCLUSION: Descriptions of common symptoms often differed between participants and the existing literature. These differences likely impact patient-physician communication, with both parties utilizing the same terminology to communicate different concepts. The characterization of stigma in narcolepsy presents opportunities for future research exploring the impact and possible development of interventions to reduce the substantial psychological comorbidity in persons with narcolepsy.
The invention provides a novel coronavirus mRNA vaccine and a preparation method and application thereof. The present invention provides a protein of the following (a) or (b): (a) protein composed of amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 1; (b) the derived protein which is formed by substituting, deleting and/or adding one or more amino acids in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No.1 and has the same function with the protein formed by the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID No. 1. The invention designs the S protein sequence of the pre-fusion conformation in the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), and realizes the high-efficiency expression of human cells and the increase of immunogenicity. The mRNA can realize the immunity to the novel coronavirus, and the applicability is wide.
The efficacy of galantamine extended-release capsules was studied in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial which was 6 months in duration and had an initial 4-week dose-escalation phase. In this trial, patients were assigned to one of 3 treatment groups: Galantamine extended-release capsules in a flexible dose of 16 to 24 mg once daily; galantamine tablets in a flexible dose of 8 to 12 mg twice daily; and placebo. The primary efficacy measures in this study were the ADAS-cog and CIBIC-plus. On the protocol-specified primary efficacy analysis at Month 6, a statistically significant improvement favoring galantamine extended-release capsules over placebo was seen for the ADAS-cog, but not for the CIBIC-plus. Galantamine extended-release capsules showed a statistically significant improvement when compared with placebo on the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL) scale, a measure of function, and a secondary efficacy measure in this study. The effects of both galantamine extended-release capsules and galantamine tablets on the ADAS-cog, CIBIC-plus, and ADCS-ADL were similar in this study.
Telotristat etiprate at assigned dose level for 8 weeks in combination with stable-dose octreotide LAR depot therapy given once per month in the open-label extension period. Upon completion of the 8-week period, participants could enter an additional extension period of 172 weeks, receiving telotristat etiprate at the assigned dose or maximum tolerated dose (500 mg 3 times daily).
The association between cardiac fibrosis and galectin-3 was evaluated in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). The role of galectin-3 and its association with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation in the progression of cardiovascular fibrosis was also evaluated in obese-infarcted rats. The inhibitor of galectin-3 activity, modified citrus pectin (MCP; 100 mg/kg/day), and the inhibitor of the ER stress activation, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA; 500 mg/kg/day), were administered for 4 weeks after MI in obese rats. Overweight-obese patients who suffered a first MI showed higher circulating galectin-3 levels, higher extracellular volume, and LV infarcted size, as well as lower E/e'ratio and LVEF compared with normal-weight patients. A correlation was observed between galectin-3 levels and extracellular volume. Obese-infarcted animals presented cardiac hypertrophy and reduction in LVEF, and E/A ratio as compared with control animals. They also showed an increase in galectin-3 gene expression, as well as cardiac fibrosis and reduced autophagic flux. These alterations were associated with ER stress activation characterized by enhanced cardiac levels of binding immunoglobulin protein, which were correlated with those of galectin-3. Both MCP and 4-PBA not only reduced cardiac fibrosis, oxidative stress, galectin-3 levels, and ER stress activation, but also prevented cardiac functional alterations and ameliorated autophagic flux. These results show the relevant role of galectin-3 in the development of diffuse fibrosis associated with MI in the context of obesity in both the animal model and patients. Galectin-3 in tandem with ER stress activation could modulate different downstream mechanisms, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and autophagy.
Human brain ontogeny is characterized by a considerably prolonged neotenic development of cortical neurons and circuits. Neoteny is thought to be essential for the acquisition of advanced cognitive functions, which are typically altered in intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Human neuronal neoteny could be disrupted in some forms of ID and/or ASDs, but this has never been tested. Here, we use xenotransplantation of human cortical neurons into the mouse brain to model SYNGAP1 haploinsufficiency, one of the most prevalent genetic causes of ID/ASDs. We find that SYNGAP1-deficient human neurons display strong acceleration of morphological and functional synaptic formation and maturation alongside disrupted synaptic plasticity. At the circuit level, SYNGAP1-haploinsufficient neurons display precocious acquisition of responsiveness to visual stimulation months ahead of time. Our findings indicate that SYNGAP1 is required cell autonomously for human neuronal neoteny, providing novel links between human-specific developmental mechanisms and ID/ASDs.
The drugs available for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis have unsatisfactory efficacy, frequent and serious adverse effects, and require long treatment regimens. Thus, the search for new treatment alternatives for cutaneous leishmaniasis is considered a priority by the World Health Organization. Parenteral administration of pentavalent antimonials for the treatment of all forms of leishmaniasis, including cutaneous leishmaniasis, has several limitations. The therapy is long, requires repeated doses, and adverse reactions are frequent. Topical treatment is an attractive alternative for cutaneous leishmaniasis, offering significant advantages over systemic therapy: fewer adverse effects, ease of administration, and lower costs. The present inventors aimed to provide a fixed-dose topical composition containing at least one antileishmanial compound, providing adequate absorption of the active ingredient. Another objective of the present invention is to provide a topical, fixed-dose formulation containing a combination of antileishmanial compounds that has sufficient efficacy and safety to be used in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
This study aims to elucidate the effectiveness and safety of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We enrolled uninfected SLE patients who received two vaccine doses (BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273) and historical unvaccinated patients. Neutralizing antibodies, adverse reactions, and disease flares were evaluated 4 weeks after the second vaccination. Ninety patients were enrolled in each group. Among the vaccinated patients, SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), and prednisolone doses before vaccination were 2, and 5 mg/d, respectively. After the second vaccination, 19 (21.1%) had no neutralizing antibodies. Adverse reactions occurred in 88.9% within 3 d. Negative antibodies were associated with anemia and mycophenolate mofetil administration. SLEDAI increased modestly but significantly after vaccination, with 13 (14.4%) experiencing flares and 4 (4.4%) severe flares (nephritis in three and vasculitis in one). The flare rate was higher in vaccinated patients than unvaccinated controls. The mean duration between the second vaccination and flares was 35 d, and flares occurred at least 8 days after vaccination. Multivariable analysis showed that high SLEDAI and anti-dsDNA antibodies were associated with flares. The vaccine type, neutralizing antibody titer, and adverse reaction frequency did not affect flares. Therefore, residual disease activity before vaccination increases flare risk.
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating allergic diseases comprising extracts of Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosus (Benth. ex E. Mey.) Codd, fractions or compounds isolated therefrom. The extracts of Plectranthus hadiensis var. tomentosus (Benth. ex E. Mey.) Codd, fractions or compounds isolated therefrom have no cytotoxicity with respect to each cell in THP-1 cell and EoL-1 cell, which are cell lines of immune cells mainly affecting allergic diseases and inhibit secretion of inflammatory cytokine and chemokine, thereby showing effects such as antibacterial activity, immunologic inhibition and control activity, etc., and being used as pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis, asthma, etc.
100 ambulatory patients with cirrhosis will be prospectively evaluated for severity of liver disease, anemia, and fatigue; exclusion criteria includes chronic renal insufficiency and recent alcohol use, gastrointestinal bleeding, and infection.

Patients will first be identified and be asked to partake in the study. They will be asked to read over an informed consent form. Subsequently, they will be asked to fill out a depression questionnaire before performing the 6MWT. During the 6MWT the patient will be walking up and down two designated points 100 feet apart. They will be asked to walk for 6 minutes using any walking aids and resting as needed. Their final distance will be recorded. They will then be asked to fill out the FIS fatigue questionnaire.

Severity of liver disease will be assessed through a detailed clinical examination of ascites grade, hepatic encephalopathy, history of complications from cirrhosis (hepatic coma, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, gastrointestinal bleeding), standard liver tests (TBili, Albumin, INA), platelet count as a parameter of splenic sequestration and portal hypertension, Child-Pugh score, MELD (Model of End-stage Liver Disease) score. Anemia will be assessed with hemoglobin levels. Depression will be assessed with the following questionnaires: Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), EQ-5D, Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI), LDQOL. Fatigue will be assessed with the FIS and 6 Minute Walk Test. Hepatic Encephalopathy will be assessed with the number connection, digit-symbol coding and inhibitory control test. Sexual function will be assessed by the Sexual Problems and Sexual Function scales of the LDQOL. The results will be scored and compared to depression quality of life, and end-stage liver disease factors.
The HCT-plus intervention will consist of the HCT-only intervention, as well as 8 small group intervention sessions focused on HIV risk reduction. Small groups will consist of 10 men who will meet once-a-week for 8 consecutive weeks. Each meeting will last approximately 2 hours. In each small group session, staff will work with men to reassess their HIV risk behavior, re-prioritize their goals as appropriate, and provide motivational support for their risk reduction accomplishments. Participants will be asked to discuss ways they have successfully avoided HIV risk behavior since the previous session, as well as to discuss situations in which they found it difficult to avoid risk. Staff will reinforce successful risk avoidance, and problem-solve with men to overcome barriers to risk reduction.
Intramuscular Placebo injection under guidance (EMG and/or sonographic monitoring), in each muscle (max. 5 forearm- and/or hand muscles).
The invention discloses the use of Shenyanwendan Jiaonang in the preparation of a medicine for treating chronic prostatitis. The main ingredients of Shenyanwendan Jiaonang includes ginseng, astragalus, prepared common monkshood daughter root, codonopsis pilosula, tuckahoe, Chinese silkvine root bark, large head atractylodes rhizome, cassia bark, star anise, rhubarb and tansymustard seeds. Shenyanwendan Jiaonang is for oral administration. Three capsules are taken each time, and Shenyanwendan Jiaonang is required to be taken three times a day. Shenyanwendan Jiaonang is capable of warming kidney, tonifying spleen, eliminating qi and promoting diuresis and is used for treating swelling symptoms including body swelling, pale face, abdominal fullness and distention, receiving less, loose stool and exhaust look and chronic nephritis, which are caused by spleen-kidney yang deficiency and diuresis retention. Shenyanwendan Jiaonang is found to be capable of treating chronic prostatitis.
In most individuals, chicken pox or varicella zoster (VZV) infections are benign; however, in certain at-risk populations such as immunocompromised patients or infants VZV disease can produce significant morbidity and mortality. In such patients, varicella zoster immune globulin (VZIG) has been used to prevent or reduce the severity of VZV infections in at-risk patients exposed to individuals with active infections. Massachusetts Public Health Biologic Laboratories (Boston, MA) has discontinued manufacture of the only FDA approved VZIG product. Cangene Corporation (Winnipeg, Canada) is conducting this expanded access IND protocol for VariZIG™, which is a purified human immune globulin preparation made from plasma of donors with high anti-varicella antibody titers.

This study is an open label, non-randomized, expanded access study that will make VariZIG™ available to eligible patients for whom there is no alternative licensed treatment while a pivotal study is conducted. The study will begin recruiting in February 2006 and will collect safety and basic efficacy data over 42 days following VariZIG™ administration. Physicians will be required to assess measures of varicella infection as well as provide study specific documentation.
BACKGROUND: Hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) pose significant public health challenges, sharing intertwined pathophysiological mechanisms. Prediabetes is recognized as a precursor to diabetes and is often accompanied by cardiovascular comorbidities such as hypertension, elevating the risk of pre-frailty and frailty. Albuminuria is a hallmark of organ damage in hypertension amplifying the risk of pre-frailty, frailty, and cognitive decline in older adults. We explored the association between albuminuria and cognitive impairment in frail older adults with prediabetes and CKD, assessing cognitive levels based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
METHODS: We conducted a study involving consecutive frail older patients with hypertension recruited from March 2021 to March 2023 at the ASL (local health unit of the Italian Ministry of Health) of Avellino, Italy, followed up after three months. Inclusion criteria comprised age over 65 years, prior diagnosis of hypertension without secondary causes, prediabetes, frailty status, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score < 26, and CKD with eGFR > 15 ml/min.
RESULTS: 237 patients completed the study. We examined the association between albuminuria and MoCA Score, revealing a significant inverse correlation (r: 0.8846; p < 0.0001). Subsequently, we compared MoCA Score based on eGFR, observing a significant difference (p < 0.0001). These findings were further supported by a multivariable regression analysis, with albuminuria as the dependent variable.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study represents the pioneering effort to establish a significant correlation between albuminuria and eGFR with cognitive function in frail hypertensive older adults afflicted with prediabetes and CKD.
The present invention provides for the use of chloramines formed from hypochlorous acid and an amine-containing compound as antiviral agents and as sterilizing agents for blood. The chloramines are active against viruses, including retroviruses, having cysteine-rich regions. Such viruses include HIV. The preferred chloramine is taurine-chloramine. The chloramines may be used as a sterilizing agent for blood and blood products including whole blood, packed red blood cells, and serum, and may be used in vivo, in vitro, or ex vivo. The chloramines may also be applied topically to mucous membranes to prevent the transmission of HIV.