anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Hydrocodone is a semisynthetic narcotic analgesic and antitussive with multiple actions qualitatively similar to those of codeine. Most of these involve the central nervous system and smooth muscle. The precise mechanism of action of hydrocodone and other opiates is not known, although it is believed to relate to the existence of opiate receptors in the central nervous system. In addition to analgesia, narcotics may produce drowsiness, changes in mood and mental clouding.

The analgesic action of acetaminophen involves peripheral influences, but the specific mechanism is as yet undetermined. Antipyretic activity is mediated through hypothalamic heat regulating centers. Acetaminophen inhibits prostaglandin synthetase. Therapeutic doses of acetaminophen have negligible effects on the cardiovascular or respiratory systems; however, toxic doses may cause circulatory failure and rapid, shallow breathing.

Pharmacokinetics –  The behavior of the individual components is described below.

Hydrocodone – Following a 10 mg oral dose of hydrocodone administered to five adult male subjects, the mean peak concentration was 23.6 ± 5.2 ng/mL. Maximum serum levels were achieved at 1.3 ± 0.3 hours and the half-life was determined to be 3.8 ± 0.3 hours. Hydrocodone exhibits a complex pattern of metabolism including O-demethylation, N-demethylation and 6-keto reduction to the corresponding 6-α- and 6-β-hydroxymetabolites (see OVERDOSAGE for toxicity information).

Acetaminophen – Acetaminophen is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is distributed throughout most body tissues. The plasma half-life is 1.25 to 3 hours, but may be increased by liver damage and following overdosage. Elimination of acetaminophen is principally by liver metabolism (conjugation) and subsequent renal excretion of metabolites. Approximately 85% of an oral dose appears in the urine within 24 hours of administration, most as the glucuronide conjugate, with small amounts of other conjugates and unchanged drug (see OVERDOSAGE for toxicity information).
The study will employ two implementations of an MRD-targeted pathway one that disseminates pathway guidance through written documentation, and another that leverages the All4Cure platform to support pathway adherence through direct engagement of other experts, and through integration of elements of the MRD-targeted pathway into the structured components of the platform. The study also includes a comparator cohort of patients not being treated according to the clinical pathway. Analysis under the primary objective will evaluate outcomes between patients being treated following written pathway documentation and patients being treated off pathway. The primary endpoints are the proportion of patients with achievement of VGPR or better (≥VGPR), and the proportion of patients with a CR or better (≥CR), within 12 months. Secondary endpoints include MRD negativity, pathway adherence, time to next treatment (TTNT), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and obstacles to getting daratumumab treatment. Sustained MRD negativity is an exploratory endpoint.

Data will be collected retrospectively, through stratified random sampling by race within cohort, with patients accrued over a 12-month period. All patients will be followed over time after accrual, with minimum available follow-up of 12 months. Accordingly, the estimated period from first accrual to last follow-up will be approximately 24 months.
This invention provides a method for decreasing the rate of aging. The method involves orally taking resveratrol (3, 5, 4'-trihydroxystilbene) as a replacement therapy of Caloric Restriction (CR). CR has been experimentally proven to be the only effect means for decreasing the rate of aging, measured as increased life span and healthier biological functions. However, it is extremely difficult to exercise a CR scheme because people simply can not withstand long term starvation (requiring 20% to 50% reduction of caloric intake). Recent studies involving in vivo feeding resveratrol and in vitro adding resveratrol have found that resveratrol increases life span and promotes better biological functions, two indications one would expect from exercising CR. And orally taking resveratrol is a feasible scheme for an individual to follow.
Participants in Aim 1 will participate in qualitative interviews to obtain feedback on the CHAMPS-II intervention and survivorship education active control condition materials. Interviews will be with 1)adult participants 60+ years who have recently undergone HCT, 2)participants' care-partner, and 3)HCT team members.
motor imagery is helpful in improving mobility in healthy and neurologically impaired patients. When the patient is asked to do a movement, for example the patient is asked to walk along a draw line and then that patient has to imagine this same action in kinesthetic imagery. Neuroimaging shows that brain areas are more or less activated in the same manner. It can be concluded that there is some relation between mental imagery ability and muscular actions. In the stroke patients who have intact ability of mental imagery show activation of cortical areas demonstrating its ability to activate sub cortical areas also. Therefore, these results amplify the concept of using mental imagery for rehabilitation purpose of even deep lesion in motor nervous system.
Methylene blue, USP is an oxidation-reduction agent. 

Its chemical name is 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium, chloride hydrate. The molecular formula of methylene blue is C16H18ClN3S xH2O and its molecular weight of 319.86 g/mol for the anhydrous form. The structural formula of methylene blue, USP is:

Methylene blue injection, USP is a sterile solution intended for intravenous administration. Each mL of solution contains 5 mg methylene blue USP and water for injection USP. Additionally, it contains the excipients sodium citrate dihydrate USP and citric acid anhydrous USP in single dose glass vial.

Methylene blue injection, USP is a clear dark blue solution with a pH value between 3.0 and 4.5. The osmolality is between 10 and 15 mOsm/kg. Methylene blue injection, USP strength is expressed in terms of trihydrate.
In this pilot study, up to 30 participants with NP-PASC at Columbia University Medical Center (CUIMC) will be randomized to take the intervention (n=15) or placebo (n=15). Both intervention and placebo will be similar in terms of appearance and taste, and participants will be asked to take them with water twice daily, for up to 4 weeks. At the enrollment and study follow-up visit we will obtain data on acceptability and feasibility, including feasibility of assessing adherence and outcomes, and collect blood, rectal swabs and stool for outcome assessment.

The study intervention is a mixture of the prebiotic potato RS (Bobs Red Mill) and the probiotic IVS-1 (Bifidobacterium adolescentis). One dose will be RS and IVS-1 mixed together in a single-use sachet. The placebo will be Maltodextrin, a carbohydrate, packaged similarly to the intervention. Participants will take one dose twice daily with water, for 4 weeks. Each participant will receive a 4-week supply of sachets at the screening/enrollment visit.

There will be a total of two visits: screening/enrollment/randomization and week 4. During the screening visit, study information will be provided to potential participants, and interested participants will sign an informed consent and undergo screening procedures. Those who meet eligibility criteria will then undergo their enrollment and randomization procedures on the same day. Data on sociodemographic and medical history will be collected using surveys, and relevant samples will also be collected at the first visit as well as a self-administered rectal swab, and self-collected stool for gut microbiome studies and blood test for SCFA levels. They will then initiate the intervention or placebo, and the study staff will counsel and support the participants on their administration. At the 4-week visit, clinical data and samples will be collected, as well as data on acceptability, feasibility, adherence.
Disclosed is a composition for external application, which contains a nucleic acid and has good skin permeability. A nucleic acid is dissolved in an ionic liquid of a triethanol amine salt or a diethanol amine salt of a lower fatty acid.  The resulting solution is mixed with an organic solvent and/or an ionic liquid of a triisopropanol amine salt or a diisopropanol amine salt of a fatty acid to adjust the solubility of the nucleic acid, thereby preparing a mixed ionic liquid solution containing the nucleic acid.  The ionic liquid solution is mixed with and dispersed in a base material for an ointment or a matrix adhesive patch, thereby producing a non-aqueous composition for external application.  The composition for external application containing a nucleic acid has excellent skin permeability.  By varying the types of the nucleic acid employed, it becomes possible to provide compositions for external application suitable for various purposes.
The present invention relates to a composition for preventing, alleviating or treating oral diseases, including an extract of Selaginella tamariscina as an active ingredient. The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating oral diseases, including an extract of Selaginella tamariscina as an active ingredient. The present invention also provides an oral hygienic composition for preventing or alleviating oral diseases, including an extract of Selaginella tamariscina as an active ingredient. The extract of Selaginella tamariscina used according to the present invention shows an activity of inhibiting growth of strains causing oral diseases, and thus medicines including the extract of Selaginella tamariscina as an active ingredient are effective for preventing and treating oral diseases, such as dental carries and periodontal disease. Particularly, when the natural extract according to the present invention is used for toothpaste, mouthwash, or the like, it is possible to inhibit growth and activity of oral pathogenic bacteria and to effectively prevent formation of dental plaque, which is a bacterial precipitate. In addition, since the natural extract according to the present invention uses a naturally occurring substance proven to be safe as an active ingredient, there is an advantage of having little side effects.
A software system for managing a health care practice includes interactive software tools for conducting a physical exam, suggesting tentative diagnosis, and managing a treatment protocol. The physical exam software guides the user through a physical exam, prompting the user for input and dynamically generating context sensitive questions based on prior input. The diagnosis software generates a list of possible diagnoses based on the observations recorded from the physical exam. The user can interactively select a diagnosis by selecting a diagnosis from a rule out list and watching the display as the system dynamic updates the status of unresolved symptoms. The user can also select a treatment protocol, which is integrated with future physical exams. The treatment protocol is integrated such that future exam sessions reflect the status of the treatment protocol and remind the user which services need to be performed and when they should be performed.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Delayed perforation is a rare but serious adverse event of gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical features and appropriate management strategy of patients with delayed perforation.
METHODS: Among 11,531 patients who underwent gastric ESD, the clinical features and outcomes of patients who experienced delayed perforation were retrospectively reviewed and compared with those of the control group.
RESULTS: Delayed perforation occurred in 15 of 11,531 patients (0.13%). The patients with delayed perforation were significantly older than those without delayed perforation (p=0.027). The median time to diagnosis of delayed perforation was 28.8 hours (range, 14 to 71 hours). All 15 patients with delayed perforation complained of severe abdominal pain after gastric ESD and underwent subsequent chest X-rays (CXRs) for evaluation. In subsequent CXR, free air was found in 12 patients (80%). For three (20%) patients without free air in CXR, delayed perforation was finally diagnosed by computed tomography. Leukocytosis was significantly less frequent in the patients without free air in CXR (p=0.022). A perforation hole smaller than 1 cm in size was more frequently observed in the six patients who underwent successful non-surgical treatments than in the nine patients who underwent surgery (p<0.001). There was no mortality related to delayed perforation.
CONCLUSIONS: One-fifth of the patients with delayed perforation did not show free air in CXR and exhibited less leukocytosis than those with free air. Non-surgical treatments including endoscopic closure might be considered as an initial treatment modality for delayed perforation smaller than 1 cm.
The group is women age 39-49 in the United States who receive a decision aid intervention. The intervention is a breast cancer screening decision aid with information about screening guidelines, breast cancer mortality reduction, false positives, overdiagnosis, and a personal breast cancer risk estimate.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vaccine containing a Sendai virus vector that encodes the viral protein of an immunodeficiency virus.SOLUTION: The protective immunity to the immunodeficiency virus can be efficiently induced by intranasally administering a Sendai virus encoding the viral protein of the immunodeficiency virus to a macaque monkey. The expression of the antigen gene through the Sendai virus vector was detected in the nasal cavity mucosa and the regional lymph by a vaccination in the nasal cavity, and a significant level of antigen specific cellular immune response was induced. A pathological symptom by vaccination was not seen. A simian immunodeficiency virus was exposed to study the effect after vaccination. As a result, a significant decrease of a viral load in the plasma was found as compared with the control animal. The vaccine is promising as an AIDS virus vaccine.
This is a within subjects design study in which each subject receives both study drug and placebo. Subjects in this arm received a 5 mcg dose of immediate release exenatide on the day of the first alcohol self-administration trial. The 5mcg dose of exenatide was approved as the first dose administered to patients at the start of their treatment with this drug for FDA-approved indications. Subjects in this arm then received a sham injection on the day of the second alcohol self-administration trial. The sham injection was a needle stick using a syringe with no drug injected. Note that the volume of fluid injected for a 5mcg dose is so small that subjects would not sense this volume of fluid (or lack thereof) during the injection. Subjects were shielded from seeing the injection to maintain the blind.
FIELD: organic chemistry, heterocyclic compounds, medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention describes derivatives of trans-isomers of 1-piperazine-1,2-dihydroindene of the general formula (I) given in description text. Compounds can be used for treatment of patients with central nervous system diseases and show low toxicity. These compounds can be synthesized by interaction of the corresponding indene with the corresponding piperazine derivative. EFFECT: improved method of synthesis. 3 cl, 1 tbl
A single dose of CART cells will be administered by vascular interventional therapy or by intra-tumor injection with a dose of （1.25\~4）×107 CAR positive T cells/cm3 tumor bulk. The volume of cell products and the time of cell perfusion process lasted would depend on the ways of cell perfused. And an interventional radiologist would operate the cell infusion.
The active ingredient in deflazacort oral suspension is deflazacort (a corticosteroid). Corticosteroids are adrenocortical steroids, both naturally occurring and synthetic. The molecular formula for deflazacort is C25H31NO6. The chemical name for deflazacort is (11β,16β)-21-(acetyloxy)11-hydroxy-2'-methyl-5'H-pregna-1,4-dieno[17,16α-d]oxazole-3,20-dione, and the structure is:

Deflazacort is a white to off white fine powder and has a molecular weight of 441.52. Deflazacort is freely soluble in acetic acid and dichloromethane and soluble in methanol and acetone.

Deflazacort oral suspension for oral administration is available as an immediate-release oral suspension in a strength of 22.75 mg/mL. The oral suspension contains deflazacort and the following inactive ingredients: Benzyl Alcohol, Glacial Acetic Acid, Magnesium Aluminum Silicate, Polysorbate 80, Purified Water, Sodium Carboxymethyl cellulose, Sorbitol Solution.
The 4 participating sites are designated either High Intensity or Low Intensity. High Intensity sites have access to: full time specialist physicians, access to full time nurses and counselors. All weekly pegylated interferon injections will be administered by clinic staff and ribavirin will be dispensed in weekly medication pack.
The Ostom-I device is a wireless, wearable biosensor that is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The device is discrete, lightweight, and can be applied to an ostomy pouch in order to monitor the filling of the bag. It uses Bluetooth technology to send a signal to the participants smartphone and alerts the user when the ostomy bag is filling up so they can decide if and when to empty them.The second wearable biosensor is called "AbStats" and it provides an objective, real-time marker of intestinal motility, and is also FDA approved. It allows for continuous and automated analysis of intestinal vibrations.The study team will recruit consecutive inpatients undergoing colorectal surgery with ostomy placement. The surgeon will apply AbStats and Ostom-I upon completion of the operation. Device recordings will continue until discharge, or until the participant opts to remove the sensors as requested. Members of the research team who are blinded to sensor results will monitor and record clinical information including age, gender, race, and body mass index (BMI). The study team will record type of surgery performed, surgical approach, and any documented operative complications. The study team will prospectively monitor daily clinical assessments, including symptoms (nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain), flatus, bowel movements, diet, ambulation, medication use, and length of hospitalization. All patients will receive a standardized feeding protocol as part of usual care. For Cedars-Sinai, the standard protocol initiates clear liquids on postoperative day (POD) zero, and rapid progression to a regular diet by the morning of POD#1 in patients without early clinical evidence of post-operative ileus (POI). Patients intolerant of the feeding protocol, including nausea or vomiting precluding advancement, or those that develop significant abdominal distension, will discontinue the feeding protocol. The surgical teams that make the decisions regarding diet changes will be blinded to device data.
PREMARIN® (conjugated estrogens tablets, USP) for oral administration contains a mixture of conjugated estrogens purified from pregnant mares' urine and consists of the sodium salts of water-soluble estrogen sulfates blended to represent the average composition of material derived from pregnant mares' urine. It is a mixture of sodium estrone sulfate and sodium equilin sulfate. It contains concomitant components as sodium sulfate conjugates, 17α-dihydroequilin, 17α estradiol, and 17β-dihydroequilin. Tablets for oral administration are available in 0.3 mg, 0.45 mg, 0.625 mg, 0.9 mg, and 1.25 mg strengths of conjugated estrogens.

PREMARIN 0.3 mg, 0.45 mg, 0.625 mg, 0.9 mg, and 1.25 mg tablets also contain the following inactive ingredients: calcium phosphate tribasic, carnauba wax, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, powdered cellulose, sucrose, and titanium dioxide. Each tablet strength contains the following colors: 

PREMARIN tablets comply with USP Dissolution Test criteria, as outlined below:
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), including olanzapine and fluoxetine, can precipitate serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition. The risk is increased with concomitant use of other serotonergic drugs (including triptans, tricyclic antidepressants, fentanyl, lithium, tramadol, meperidine, methadone, tryptophan, buspirone, amphetamines, and St. John’s Wort) and with drugs that impair metabolism of serotonin, i.e., MAOIs [see Contraindications (4.1), Drug Interactions (7.1)]. Serotonin syndrome can also occur when these drugs are used alone. 

Serotonin syndrome signs and symptoms may include mental status changes (e.g., agitation, hallucinations, delirium, and coma), autonomic instability (e.g., tachycardia, labile blood pressure, dizziness, diaphoresis, flushing, hyperthermia), neuromuscular symptoms (e.g., tremor, rigidity, myoclonus, hyperreflexia, incoordination), seizures, and/or gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea).

The concomitant use of olanzapine and fluoxetine with MAOIs is contraindicated. In addition, do not initiate olanzapine and fluoxetine in a patient being treated with MAOIs such as linezolid or intravenous methylene blue. No reports involved the administration of methylene blue by other routes (such as oral tablets or local tissue injection). If it is necessary to initiate treatment with an MAOI such as linezolid or intravenous methylene blue in a patient taking olanzapine and fluoxetine, discontinue olanzapine and fluoxetine before initiating treatment with the MAOI [see Contraindications (4.1) and Drug Interactions (7.1)].

Monitor all patients taking olanzapine and fluoxetine for the emergence of serotonin syndrome. Discontinue treatment with olanzapine and fluoxetine and any concomitant serotonergic agents immediately if the above symptoms occur, and initiate supportive symptomatic treatment. If concomitant use of olanzapine and fluoxetine with other serotonergic drugs is clinically warranted, inform patients of the increased risk for serotonin syndrome and monitor for symptoms.
Table 3 enumerates the incidence, rounded to the nearest percent, of treatment-emergent adverse events that occurred among 1,063 depressed patients who received citalopram at doses ranging from 10 to 80 mg/day in placebo-controlled trials of up to 6 weeks in duration. Events included are those occurring in 2% or more of patients treated with citalopram and for which the incidence in patients treated with citalopram was greater than the incidence in placebo-treated patients.

The prescriber should be aware that these figures cannot be used to predict the incidence of adverse events in the course of usual medical practice where patient characteristics and other factors differ from those which prevailed in the clinical trials. Similarly, the cited frequencies cannot be compared with figures obtained from other clinical investigations involving different treatments, uses, and investigators. The cited figures, however, do provide the prescribing physician with some basis for estimating the relative contribution of drug and nondrug factors to the adverse event incidence rate in the population studied.

The only commonly observed adverse event that occurred in citalopram patients with an incidence of 5% or greater and at least twice the incidence in placebo patients was ejaculation disorder (primarily ejaculatory delay) in male patients (see TABLE 3).