anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
In the age of information technology and the additional computational search tools and software available, this systematic review aimed to identify potential therapeutic targets for obesity, evaluated in silico and subsequently validated in vivo. The systematic review was initially guided by the research question "What therapeutic targets have been used in in silico analysis for the treatment of obesity?" and structured based on the acronym PECo (P, problem; E, exposure; Co, context). The systematic review protocol was formulated and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022353808) in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items Checklist for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P), and the PRISMA was followed for the systematic review. The studies were selected according to the eligibility criteria, aligned with PECo, in the following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, BVS, and EMBASE. The search strategy yielded 1142 articles, from which, based on the evaluation criteria, 12 were included in the systematic review. Only seven these articles allowed the identification of both in silico and in vivo reassessed therapeutic targets. Among these targets, five were exclusively experimental, one was exclusively theoretical, and one of the targets presented an experimental portion and a portion obtained by modeling. The predominant methodology used was molecular docking and the most studied target was Human Pancreatic Lipase (HPL) (n = 4). The lack of methodological details resulted in more than 50% of the papers being categorized with an "unclear risk of bias" across eight out of the eleven evaluated criteria. From the current systematic review, it seems evident that integrating in silico methodologies into studies of potential drug targets for the exploration of new therapeutic agents provides an important tool, given the ongoing challenges in controlling obesity.
Table 3 includes commonly occurring drug interactions that affect phenytoin (the active metabolite of Fosphenytoin Sodium Injection) concentrations. However, this list is not intended to be inclusive or comprehensive. Individual prescribing information from relevant drugs should be consulted. 

The addition or withdrawal of these agents in patients on phenytoin therapy may require an adjustment of the phenytoin dose to achieve optimal clinical outcome. 

Table 3. Drugs That Affect Phenytoin Concentrations

* The induction potency of St. John's wort may vary widely based on preparation.
BACKGROUND: Oral anticoagulation is becoming more common with the aging population, which raises concern for the risk of invasive procedures that can cause bleeding, such as chest tube placement (thoracostomy). With the increase in CT imaging, more pneumothoraces and hemothoraces are being identified. The relative risk of thoracostomy in the presence of anticoagulation is not well-established. The objective of this study was to determine whether pre-injury anticoagulation affects the relative risk of tube thoracostomy following significant chest trauma.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used data from the 2019 American College of Surgeons-Trauma Quality Program (ACS-TQP) database using R version 4.2.2. Data from the database was filtered based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Outcomes were then assessed with the population of interest. Demographics, vitals, comorbidities, and injury parameters were also collected for each patient. This study included all adult patients (≥18 years) presenting with traumatic hemothorax, pneumothorax, or hemopneumothorax. Patients with missing data in demographics, vitals, comorbidities, injury parameters, or outcomes, as well as those with no signs of life upon arrival, were excluded from the study. Patients were stratified into groups based on whether they had pre-injury anticoagulation and whether they had a chest tube placed in the hospital. The primary outcome was mortality, and the secondary outcome was hospital length of stay (LOS). Logistic and standard regressions were used by a statistician to control for age, sex, and Injury Severity Score (ISS).
RESULTS: Our study population included 72,385 patients (4250 with pre-injury anticoagulation and 68,135 without pre-injury anticoagulation). Pre-injury anticoagulation and thoracostomy were each independently associated with increased mortality and LOS. However, there was a non-significant interaction term between pre-injury anticoagulation and thoracostomy for both outcomes, indicating that their combined effects on mortality and LOS did not differ significantly from the sum of their individual effects.
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that both pre-injury anticoagulation and thoracostomy are risk factors for mortality and increased LOS in adult patients presenting with hemothorax, pneumothorax, or hemopneumothorax, but they do not interact with each other. We recommend further study of this phenomenon to potentially improve clinical guidelines.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, Level III.
The invention relates to a multifunction Chinese medicine that can be used for controlling oil, dispelling dandruff, relieving itching, and treating for tinea capitis and atopic dermatitis as well as a preparation method thereof. The multifunction Chinese medicine is made from parsnip, zaocys dhumnades, szechuan pepper, angelica, polygonum, golden needle pine, corktree bark, dark plum, ligusticum sinese oliver, codonopsis pilosula, cicada slough, stemona, tribulus fruit, dittany bark, fleece-flower stem, liquorice, red peony root, Chinese lobelia herb, leafy twig of Chinese arborvitae, chilopod, cnidium monnieri, sophora flavescens ait, kochia scoparia and angelica dahurica. The materials are taken out, mixed, and crushed into powder, afterward, the wine is equally sprinkled on the powder in order that all of the powder can contact with the wine. The wine is sprinkled once every two days, the frequency can be reduced properly after three times, and the process can last 1-4 weeks. After finishing the steps, the Chinese medicine is mixed with the purified water with the weight proportion of 1:2.3, and brewed for 3-6 months. After that, the mixture of water and the Chinese medicine is stewed at the temperature higher than 100 DEG C, and the mixture is filtered after it is boiling. The liquid obtained thereafter is the multifunction Chinese medicine of the invention. The Chinese medicine has the advantages of no toxic and side effect and obvious curative effect, and being cheap and good.
Patients in the intervention group will be provided with all programmatic materials (including copies of power point presentations, copies of reading texts, and audio CDs) and classes will be held in group format, with a maximum of 9 participants per group. Classes will meet weekly, in a group, and at a set time. All classes will be facilitated jointly by the two Co-PIs. All participants will complete surveys before class, during class, at the end of class, 1 month after the end of class, 6 months after the end of class and 1 year after the end of the class. Additionally, those randomized to the intervention group will be asked to attend a 1 time focus group 1 week after the end of the class.
[Problem] To provide: a paint material which is composed of a cosmetic and can be used equivalently to a typical watercolor paint that is commercially available; a diluent for a paint material; a paint; and a paint set. [Solution] A paint material composed of a cosmetic, according to the present invention, is used in combination with a diluent for a paint material to have minimum characteristics as a paint, and can be used in the same manner as a typical paint, and thus the effective utilization of a cosmetic to be discarded can be achieved. In particular, by using said paint material in combination with such a diluent for a paint material, favorable characteristics peculiar to a cosmetic-based paint material can be expected in terms of the transparency, quick-drying, smell, etc. of a film when said paint material is spread on drawing paper compared to a typical paint. A paint and a paint set according to the present invention comprises such a paint material composed of a cosmetic and such a diluent for a paint material. Provided are: a paint, which can be used in the same manner as a typical paint; and a paint set including a set of a paint material and a dedicated diluent.
Ankle sprains can result in talar osteochondral defects (OCDs) which have a significant impact on the quality of life of patients. When these OCDs are of large nature (anterior-posterior or medial-lateral diameter \>1.5cm in diameter), cystic, have failed prior surgical treatment, or when there are multiple present on the talar articular surface, surgical care by means of fixation or bone marrow stimulation is contra-indicated. An ankle arthrodesis or fusion can be considered, but this results in functional limitation due to a decreased range of motion (ROM). In order to serve for a bone sparing prosthesis procedure, preserve range of motion, optimize physical functioning and to resurface the talus, the Ankle Spacer has been developed. It is a one-piece implant system that replaces the articulating upper talus surface of the tibio-talar joint, and offers several implant sizes in order to fit to the different talus sizes. It is anatomically designed to the native upper talus surface to provide an optimal fit to the distal articular surface. It has a rough titanium plasma spray (TPS) coated under surface with two posts and spikes for implant fixation. The rough surface enables secondary fixation by means of bone ingrowth and the spikes at the posterior part of the prosthesis allowing for optimal adherence of the implant and for minimal iatrogenic damage upon fixation. By these means, the anatomical situation and the natural congruency of the ankle joint are mirrored to a optimal extent. Despite the fact that no clinical trials have been published on this specific implant, it is hypothesized that the 5-year postoperative clinical outcomes concerning pain and prosthesis survival will be considered good.
VAS-A, VAS, Spielberg Trait Anxiety Inventory was applied. Vital signs were evaluated before, during and after surgery. Stress balls were given to the patients in addition to the standard care protocol. Stress balls were used for 15 minutes during the operation, by placing the patient in both hands, counting from one to five, and tightening and loosening twice.
Diarrhea is a common problem caused by antibiotics which usually ends when the antibiotic is discontinued. Sometimes after starting treatment with antibiotics, patients can develop watery and bloody stools (with or without stomach cramps and fever) even as late as two or more months after having taken the last dose of the antibiotic. If this occurs, patients should contact their physician as soon as possible.

Patients should be counseled that antibacterial drugs, including CEFOTAN®, should only be used to treat bacterial infections. They do not treat viral infections (e.g., the common cold). When CEFOTAN® is prescribed to treat a bacterial infection, patients should be told that although it is common to feel better early in the course of therapy, the medication should be taken exactly as directed. Skipping doses or not completing the full course of therapy may (1) decrease the effectiveness of the immediate treatment and (2) increase the likelihood that bacteria will develop resistance and will not be treatable by CEFOTAN® (Cefotetan for Injection, USP) or other antibacterial drugs in the future.

As with some other cephalosporins, a disulfiram-like reaction characterized by flushing, sweating, headache, and tachycardia may occur when alcohol (beer, wine, etc.) is ingested within 72 hours after CEFOTAN® (Cefotetan for Injection, USP) administration. Patients should be cautioned about the ingestion of alcoholic beverages following the administration of CEFOTAN®.
INTRODUCTION: Ensuring effective perioperative pain control is a crucial aspect of rehabilitation programs following total hip arthroplasty. This study presents a comprehensive meta-analysis and systematic review to assess the efficacy and safety of pericapsular nerve group block (PENG) in the context of total hip arthroplasty.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic search was conducted in multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, to identify relevant randomized controlled studies investigating the efficacy and safety of PENG for total hip arthroplasty. The search was conducted up until 1st June 2023. Data analysis was performed using Stata v. 15.0.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: A total of 721 individuals participated in this study, which included 13 randomized controlled trials. Among them, 377 individuals were assigned to the experimental group, while 344 individuals were assigned to the control group. The findings from the meta-analysis indicated that the application of PENG yielded favorable outcomes in terms of reducing six-hour pain scores (SMD=-0.63, 95% CI -1.18, -0.09) and 24-hour pain scores (SMD=-1.45, 95% CI -2.51, -0.29). Moreover, it was found to decrease opioid consumption (SMD=-0.84, 95% CI -1.35, -0.34), without causing a significant increase in nausea and vomiting (RR=0.75, 95% CI 0.45, 1.23) or urinary retention (RR=2.46, 95% CI 0.49, 12.31).
CONCLUSIONS: Based on the latest findings, PENG has been shown to effectively decrease pain scores within six and 24 hours following total hip arthroplasty. However, its effectiveness in pain control diminishes after 48 hours. Additionally, PENG has demonstrated the ability to reduce opioid consumption without an accompanying increase in adverse drug events.
Combinations of cell lines are provided for allogeneic immunotherapy agents in the treatment of cancer. Cancer vaccines generally have been limited to the use of cells that contain at least some tumor specific antigens (“TSAs”) and/or tumor associated antigens (“TAAs”) having shared identity with antigens in a targeted tumor. In such cases, tumor cells often are utilized as a starting point on the premise that only tumor cells will contain TSAs or TAAs or relevance, and the tissue origins of the cells are matched to the tumor site in patients. A primary aspect of the invention is the use of immortalised normal, non-malignant cells, in combination with primary and/or metastatic tumor cells, as the basis of an allogeneic cell cancer vaccine. Normal cells do not posses TSAs or relevant concentrations of TAAs and hence it is surprising that normal cells are effective as anti-cancer vaccines when administered in combination with primary and/or metastatic tumor cells. More surprisingly, a three way combination of cells obtained from metastasized cells, non metastasized tumor and cells from a normal cell line provided good therapy. For prostate cancer, for example, a vaccine may be based on one or a combination of different immortalized normal cell lines derived from the prostate according to parameters described herein. The cell lines may be lethally irradiated with, for example, gamma irradiation at 50-300 Gy to ensure that they are replication incompetent prior to use.
The study proposes to test photodisinfetion (PDF) on levels of SARS-CoV-2 in the nose. The study will use Health Canada approved Steriwave™ Nasal Decolonization (ND) in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 . Currrently, PDF is being used at some institutions before surgery to lower the risk of postoperative infection. PDF uses a Methylene Blue (MB) nasal spray, followed by 5 minutes of red-light exposure through a small light-diffusing applicator. This will need to be placed into each nostril. Participants are swabbed for SARS-CoV-2 before and after treatment. In addition to the patients testing positive for SARS-CoV-2, there will also be a small group of healthcare workers who have tested positive that will be included. Though they are not undergoing treatment, they will swab their own noses multiple times over a period of 5 days. This will allow us to evaluate the effect (if any) of swabbing on SARS-CoV-2 levels in the nose. The study hypothesis is that MB-mediated PDF will show the ability to kill SARS-CoV-2 which will consequently confirm its efficacy as a first line defense against the virus.
The invention, which is called METRAFAIDS, relates to novel antiviral compositions obtained from Momordica balsamina, Aframomum melegueta, Cyperus articulatus, Ficus iteophylla and Tamarindus indica plant extracts.  Said invention also relates to the preparation method of said compositions for therapeutic use in combating Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and variants thereof.  The METRAFAIDS drug is prepared using different techniques.  For example, the leaves and roots are removed from the aforementioned plants and reduced to a powder.  The inventive composition takes the form of a greenish powder, 3 teaspoons of which are administered on an empty stomach, taken all at once or separately depending on the stage of the disease and the age and weight of the individual being treated.  The treatment causes no side effects.  The composition is characterised by an action that eradicates the HIV/AIDS virus by natural means (faeces, urine).
The intervention will last for 3 months, with two psychoeducational modules delivered per month. In addition, regular synchronous or asynchronous psychoeducational sessions conducted by a licensed psychologist will be held with the participants.
The prevalence rate of smoking among schizophrenia patients is as high as 88 percent. This is associated with a 2-fold increase in deaths due to smoking related diseases-compounded by high rates of nicotine dependence and low abstinence rates following cessation programs. Converging lines of evidence suggest that high rates of smoking and nicotine addiction among schizophrenic patients is influenced by the presence of disease-related abnormalities in brain function. Genetic and post mortem studies show that patients exhibit abnormalities in neuronal nicotinic receptors, which are involved in a number of cognitive functions. Pharmacological studies show that nicotine temporally improves performance in several cognitive tasks including sensory gating, long-term memory, and visual tracking. These data support a growing consensus that smoking among schizophrenic patients is a form of self-medication, and suggest that the success of targeted smoking cessation programs will depend, in part, on finding alternative means of treating the underlying cognitive deficits. One of the most reproducible neurocognitive and biological changes in schizophrenia is abnormal visual tracking, or smooth pursuit eye movements. Preliminary data show that previously reported deficits in visual tracking are related to anticipatory learning deficits and that nicotine enhances performance in patients by temporarily treating this learning deficit. A better understanding of these processes may lead to better behavioral and/or pharmacological therapeutic interventions for excessive nicotine abuse and recidivism in this clinically vulnerable population. In order to identify brain regions underlying this learning deficit we propose to compare brain activations in 30 healthy controls and 30 patients with schizophrenia during anticipation of target motion using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In order to identify the brain regions involved in nicotine-induced enhancement of anticipatory learning we will compare activation in patients under conditions of unexpected and anticipated target motion following administration of nicotine and placebo.
The viral kinetics of documented SARS-CoV-2 infections exhibit a high degree of interindividual variability. We identified 6 distinct viral shedding patterns, which differed according to peak viral load, duration, expansion rate, and clearance rate, by clustering data from 768 infections in the National Basketball Association cohort. Omicron variant infections in previously vaccinated individuals generally led to lower cumulative shedding levels of SARS-CoV-2 than other scenarios. We then developed a mechanistic mathematical model that recapitulated 1,510 observed viral trajectories, including viral rebound and cases of reinfection. Lower peak viral loads were explained by a more rapid and sustained transition of susceptible cells to a refractory state during infection as well as by an earlier and more potent late, cytolytic immune response. Our results suggest that viral elimination occurs more rapidly during Omicron infection, following vaccination, and following reinfection due to enhanced innate and acquired immune responses. Because viral load has been linked with COVID-19 severity and transmission risk, our model provides a framework for understanding the wide range of observed SARS-CoV-2 infection outcomes.
BACKGROUND: Cardiac troponins are the preferred biomarkers for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Although sex-specific 99th percentile thresholds of troponins are recommended in international guidelines, the clinical effect of their use is poorly investigated. The DANSPOT Study (The Danish Study of Sex- and Population-Specific 99th percentile upper reference limits of Troponin) aims to evaluate the clinical effect of a prospective implementation of population- and sex-specific diagnostic thresholds of troponins into clinical practice.
METHODS: This study is a nationwide, multicenter, stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial of the implementation of population- and sex-specific thresholds of troponins in 22 of 23 clinical centers in Denmark. We established sex-specific thresholds for 5 different troponin assays based on troponin levels in a healthy Danish reference population. Centers will sequentially cross over from current uniform manufacturer-derived thresholds to the new population- and sex-specific thresholds. The primary cohort is defined as patients with symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndrome having at least 1 troponin measurement performed within 24 hours of arrival with a peak troponin value between the current uniform threshold and the new sex-specific female and male thresholds. The study will compare the occurrence of the primary outcome, defined as a composite of nonfatal myocardial infarction, unplanned revascularization, and all-cause mortality within 1 year, separately for men and women before and after the implementation of the new sex-specific thresholds.
CONCLUSIONS: The DANSPOT Study is expected to show the clinical effects on diagnostics, treatment, and clinical outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction of implementing sex-specific diagnostic thresholds for troponin based on a national Danish reference population.
REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT05336435.
Oral compositions containing an effective amount of a tungsten compound (VI), preferably a tungstate salt, more preferably sodium tungstate (Na2WO4), are useful in controlling obesity/overweightness in non-diabetic mammals, including humans. The anti-obesity effect of sodium tungstate dihydrate in rats has been determined in a cafeteria-diet-induced obesity model. Said obese rats are good models of obese, non-diabetic mammals, including humans. The prophylactic, therapeutic and/or cosmetic treatment resulting from this invention is surprising. It provides advantages such as effectiveness, lack of toxicity and relatively low price in comparison with other treatments in prior art. Hence, the oral compositions according to the invention are useful for the treatment of obesity/overweightness in non-diabetic mammals, including humans.