anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Head Injury and Increased Intracranial Pressure. As in the case of other potent analgesics, the potential of pentazocine for elevating cerebrospinal fluid pressure may be attributed to CO2 retention due to the respiratory depressant effects of the drug. These effects may be markedly exaggerated in the presence of head injury, other intracranial lesions, or a pre-existing increase in intracranial pressure. Furthermore, pentazocine can produce effects which may obscure the clinical course of patients with head injuries. In such patients, pentazocine hydrochloride and acetaminophen tablets must be used with extreme caution and only if its use is deemed essential.

Acute CNS Manifestations. Patients receiving therapeutic doses of pentazocine have experienced hallucinations (usually visual), disorientation, and confusion which have cleared spontaneously within a period of hours. The mechanism of this reaction is not known. Such patients should be closely observed and vital signs checked. If the drug is reinstituted, it should be done with caution since these acute CNS manifestations may recur.

There have been instances of psychological and physical dependence on parenteral pentazocine in patients with a history of drug abuse, and rarely, in patients without such a history. (SeeDRUG ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE.)

Due to the potential for increased CNS depressant effects, alcohol should be used with caution in patients who are currently receiving pentazocine.

Pentazocine may precipitate opioid abstinence symptoms in patients receiving courses of opiates for pain relief.
INTRODUCTION: Severe septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) is one of the main causes of refractory septic shock (RSS), with a high mortality. The application of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to support the impaired cardiac function in patients with septic shock remains controversial. Moreover, no prospective studies have been taken to address whether venoarterial ECMO treatment could improve the outcome of patients with sepsis-induced cardiogenic shock. The objective of this study is to assess whether venoarterial ECMO treatment can improve the 30-day survival rate of patients with sepsis-induced refractory cardiogenic shock.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: ExtraCorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the therapy for REfractory Septic shock with Cardiac function Under Estimated is a prospective, multicentre, non-randomised, cohort study on the application of ECMO in SCM. At least 64 patients with SCM and RSS will be enrolled in an estimated ratio of 1:1.5. Participants taking venoarterial ECMO during the period of study are referred to as cohort 1, and patients receiving only conventional therapy without ECMO belong to cohort 2. The primary outcome is survival in a 30-day follow-up period. Other end points include survival to intensive care unit (ICU) discharge, hospital survival, 6-month survival, quality of life for long-term survival (EQ-5D score), successful rate of ECMO weaning, long-term survivors' cardiac function, the number of days alive without continuous renal replacement therapy, mechanical ventilation and vasopressor, ICU and hospital length of stay, the rate of complications potentially related to ECMO treatment.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The trial has been approved by the Clinical Research and Application Institutional Review Board of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (2020-hs-51). Participants will be screened and enrolled from ICU patients with septic shock by clinicians, with no public advertisement for recruitment. Results will be disseminated in research journals and through conference presentations.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05184296.
PURPOSE:To prevent evaporation and leakage of a hydrophilic core material of microcapsules by covering the hydrophilic core material of pH2.0-8.0 with a film formed by polymerizing a film-forming monomer essentially composed of alpha-cyanoacrylic acid ester. CONSTITUTION:A hydrophilic core material of pH2.0-8.0 is dispersed in a solvent immiscible with water by using an inorganic powder treated to be hydrophobic as a dispersing agent. A film-forming monomer composed essentially of alpha-cyanoacrylic acid ester is polymerized, and surfaces of the dispersed liquid of the aforementioned core material are covered with that polymer so as to produce crushable microcapsules. Ultrafine particles of silica etc., which are treated to be hydrophobic with a silane-coupling agent such as dimethyldichlorosilane, are usable as the hydrophobic inorganic powder. On the other hand, inorganic electrolytes, amino acids, saccharides, coloring matters, enzymes, vitamins, water soluble polymers, etc. are usable as the hydrophilic core material.
BACKGROUND: Neurogenic erectile dysfunction, characterized by neurological repair disorders and progressive corpus cavernosum fibrosis (CCF), is an unbearable disease with limited treatment success. IL-17A exhibits a complex role in tissue remodelling. Nevertheless, the precise role and underlying mechanisms of IL-17A in CCF under denervation remain unclear.
METHODS: PCR array was employed to identified differentially expressed genes between neurogenic ED and normal rats. IL-17A expression and its main target cells were analyzed using Western blotting, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. The phenotypic regulation of IL-17A on corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CSMCs) was evaluated by cell cycle experiments and SA-β-Gal staining. The mechanism of IL-17A was elucidated using non-target metabolomics and siRNA technique. Finally, IL-17A antagonist and ABT-263 (an inhibitor of B-cell lymphoma 2/w/xL) were utilized to enhance the therapeutic effect in a rat model of neurogenic ED.
RESULTS: IL-17A emerged as the most significantly upregulated gene in the corpus cavernosum of model rats. It augmented the senescence transformation and fibrotic response of CSMCs, and exhibited a strong correlation with CCF. Mechanistically, IL-17A facilitated CCF by activating the mTORC2-ACACA signalling pathway, upregulating of CSMCs lipid synthesis and senescence transition, and increasing the secretion of fibro-matrix proteins. In vivo, the blockade of IL-17A-senescence signalling improved erectile function and alleviated CCF in neurogenic ED.
CONCLUSIONS: IL-17A assumes a pivotal role in denervated CCF by activating the mTORC2-ACACA signalling pathway, presenting itself as a potential therapeutic target for effectively overcoming CCF and erection rehabilitation in neurogenic ED.
Study design: This is a two-armed, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial. In one arm (intervention) patients commencing anticoagulation therapy with either warfarin, acenocoumarol or phenprocoumon will be dosed according to a drug-specific genotype-guided dosing algorithm, which is based on genetic information, clinical data and (in the monitoring phase) previous INR. For the other arm (control) patients will be dosed according to a non-genotype-guided dosing regimen which does not include genetic information. The follow-up period per patient is 3 months. Study population: Newly diagnosed patients of both genders and at least 18 years old who need anticoagulant treatment with either acenocoumarol, phenprocoumon or warfarin within the low intensity INR range will be included in the trial. Main study parameters/endpoints: The % time within therapeutic INR range in the first 3 months of anticoagulation therapy. Nature and extent of the burden and risks associated with participation, benefit and group relatedness: Six extra blood samples are taken from each participant at the start of the study. Patients also have to attend 8 scheduled visits within the 3 months study period and are asked to fill in questionnaires. The genotype-guided dosing algorithm is anticipated to improve the accuracy of coumarin dosing and thus improve the safety and efficacy of anticoagulation therapy.
A prepn. (A) comprises a culture of polymorphic microorganisms isolated from, and characteristic of, a particular patient in a nutrient medium. The microorganism-contg. prepn. used to inoculate the medium is recovered by processing a blood or tissue sample from the patient in a liq. medium, followed by complete removal of body cells, e.g. by filtration. More specifically the nutrient medium contains serum from the patient's own blood and the microparasites are isolated from blood haemolysate. Partic. the serum and microparasites are recovered from the same blood sample. The medium also contains an aseptically recovered embryonal protein extract. USE/ADVANTAGE - (A) are useful (1) for diagnosis (i.e. after a predetermined incubation period the culture is tested by serological, genetic or electron-microscopic methods) or (2) after inactivation, as vaccines for immunotherapy. These vaccines can be admin. (repeatedly) orally or parenterally, pref. as an immunogen to suppress tumours and autoimmune diseases. By using the patient's own serum as nutrient medium (a) contamination by foreign microorganisms is avoided and (b) the vaccines are free of allergenic foreign proteins
COVID-19 PCR+ patients quarantined at home randomized to this arm will be treated with placebo twice a day for up to 14 days. Crossover is allowed if symptoms worsen after 7 days of treatment.
ETHAMBUTOL HCI is indicated for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. It should not be used as the sole antituberculous drug, but should be used in conjunction with at least one other antituberculous drug. Selection of the companion drug should be based on clinical experience, considerations of comparative safety, and appropriate in vitro susceptibility studies. In patients who have not received previous antituberculous therapy, ie, initial treatment, the most frequently used regimens have been the following: 

    ETHAMBUTOL HCI plus isoniazid 
    ETHAMBUTOL HCI plus isoniazid plus streptomycin. 

In patients who have received previous antituberculous therapy, mycobacterial resistance to other drugs used in initial therapy is frequent. Consequently, in such retreatment patients, ETHAMBUTOL HCI should be combined with at least one of the second line drugs not previously administered to the patient and to which bacterial susceptibility has been indicated by appropriate in vitro studies. Antituberculous drugs used with ETHAMBUTOL HCI have included cycloserine, ethionamide, pyrazinamide, viomycin and other drugs. Isoniazid, aminosalicylic acid, and streptomycin have also been used in multiple drug regimens. Alternating drug regimens have also been utilized.
The invention relates to medicine, in particular to biologically active food additives, and is intended to exert a therapeutic effect on the cardiovascular system. The biologically active food additive comprises hawthorn flowers and/or berries and/or leaves and is characterized in that it additionally contains royal jelly in the following ingredient ratio: from 10 mass% to 90 mass% hawthorn; from 90 mass% to 10 mass% royal jelly; and from 0 mass% to 70 mass% fillers. The claimed agent is produced in powder, tablet or capsule form and can also be produced in aqueous-alcoholic extract form or in forms based on said extract, i.e.: powder, tablets and capsules. The complex system of biologically active substances contained in the proposed biologically active food additive not only exerts an effect on the entire cardiovascular system, but also reduces the causes of cardiovascular diseases and improves quality of life in old age by acting on the pathology of the human body. This long-acting agent for prophylaxis and planned treatment has no contraindications or side effects even during long-term use (more than one year).
PDR001 will be administered i.v. every two weeks until a patient experiences unacceptable toxicity, progressive disease as per irRC and/or treatment is discontinued at the discretion of the investigator or the patient. The treatment period will begin on Cycle 1 Day 1. For the purpose of scheduling and evaluations, a treatment cycle will consist of 28 days. During the study, cohorts of patients will be treated with PDR001 until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is reached or a lower recommended dose (RD) is established.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To use tramadol in the production of a peroral drug having controlled delivery rate and effective for suppressing medium to severe pain over a specific period or longer. SOLUTION: Tramadol or its pharmacologically permissible salt is used as an active component in an amount of 50-800 mg per unit dose (in terms of tramadol hydrochloride) in the preparation of a peroral drug having controlled delivery rate and useful for suppressing medium to severe pain over >=12 hr. The drug preferably has granular, spherical, multi-particulate or capsule form, etc. An example of the preferable process for the production of the drug comprises the addition of the above active component to a delivery controlling matrix preferably containing one or more kinds of alkyl cellulose (e.g. ethyl cellulose) and one or more kinds of 12-36C aliphatic alcohol (e.g. cetostearyl alcohol).
Nivolumab was first authorized at a weight-based dose (WBD) of 3 mg/kg every two weeks (Q2W). Since 2017, a fixed dose (FD) regimen [first 240 mg Q2W and then 480 mg per month (Q4W)] was allowed. The objective of the study was to compare a WBD regimen and an FD regimen with regard to effectiveness and safety. We conducted a single-center, retrospective, real-life study of consecutive adult patients who had received a WBD of nivolumab or an FD of 480 mg Q4W. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of grade ≥3 immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The secondary endpoints were overall survival and cost of the treatment. In all, 342 patients were included: 71 in the WBD cohort and 271 in the FD cohort. Of these patients, 201 patients (59.6%) experienced an irAE, and 24 of these events were graded as ≥3. At 12 months, there was no significant difference in irAE occurrence between the two cohorts [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.54 (0.21-1.36), P  = 0.19]. The 12-month overall survival rate was significantly lower in the WBD cohort ( P  < 0.001). Switching from a fortnightly weight dose to a fixed monthly dose halves the cost of hospitalization. Our results did not show a significant difference between WBD and FD cohort in the occurrence of severe irAEs. However overall survival appeared to be significantly higher in FD group. Some clinical trials are investigating a hybrid dosing regimen in which a WBD is capped by an FD. The present results need to be confirmed in prospective studies.
The EM group will receive standard behavioral treatment in the Self-Management Training Program for Chronic Headaches.In addition to this material, participants in this group will receive an exercise prescription for 20 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity at the beginning of Week 5. The exercise prescription will increase to 25 minutes in Week 6, and 30 minutes in Week 7. They are asked to maintain 30 minutes per day of exercise through Week 8. Participants choose the type of exercise, and have the option to break it up into 10-minute increments throughout the day.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new bioactive substance having activities for inhibiting MRSA and VRE.  <P>SOLUTION: The thiazole-based compound is represented by formula A (wherein, R is a group represented by formula B or an amino group). The compound has the anti-MRSA activities, and a skeleton and an action mechanism different from a conventional drug, and is a new antimicrobial drug. That is, the compound solves the following problems: The MRSA has the resistance to a β-lactam-based antimicrobial agent which is a remedy against Staphylococcus aureus, and is domestically reported in 1980s. The MRSA causes the problems of hospital infection in many hospitals. Vancomycin is used as a medicament against the MRSA because multiple drug resistant MRSA is recently the majority, but recently the vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) is generated.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Fecal continence is maintained by several mechanisms including anatomical factors, anorectal sensation, rectal compliance, stool consistency, anal muscle strength, mobility, and psychological factors. The homeostatic balance is easily disturbed by functional or structural anorectal disturbances that may coexist. Common anorectal disorders are fecal incontinence, functional anorectal pain, and functional defecation disorders. These conditions greatly affect life quality for the patients. Current technologies for anorectal functional assessment studies have limitations and often overlap is found between patient groups with lack of correlation between measurements and symptoms. Defecation physiology has been studied for many years but the mechanics and mechanosensation of defecation are still not well understood.

Fecobionics combines several existing tests to provide novel insight into anorectal function. The purpose for the development of Fecobionics was to overcome the technological controversies and disagreement between various tests and unphysiological test conditions. The aim was to imitate defecation as close as possible to the natural process. Fecobionics was developed to simulate stool and to provide the driving pressure and resulting deformations of stool along with a measure of an objective anorectal angle during defecation in a single examination. Fecobionics makes it possible to describe objectively, without disturbing the defecation process, the opening characteristics and pressure signatures during initial entry into the relaxing anal canal as well as other parameters

The overall goal is to provide mechanistic understanding of defecation in health and defecatory disorders. Fecobionics exceeds previous attempts to make artificial stool for evaluation of defecation and integrates other technologies as well. It was designed to have a consistency and deformability of Type 4 (range type 3-5) on the Bristol stool form scale. The range from types 3-5 is found in 70% of healthy subjects. A major novelty is that Fecobionics measures pressures in axial direction; i.e., in the flow direction. It is anticipated that Fecobionics will shed light on the neurophysiology of defecation in health and disease, including understanding the effect of biofeedback and neuromodulatory effect of SNS. It will be of great value to provide endpoints in normal subjects that in future studies can be objective measures for monitoring treatment efficacy. The present protocol is on normal subjects only, i.e. studying mechanisms of defecation.
Through the hybridoma technique, we got two hybridoma cells secreting anti-CTLA-4 mAb with high affinity, which were named 22G11 and 16C11 respectively. To construct the chimeric antibody light chain and heavy chain expression vectors, the cloned anti-CTL4 antibody's light chain (VL) and heavy chain variable region cDNAs (VH) were respectively fused to the human antibody light and heavy chain constant region genes (CH). Then appropriate light and heavy chain expression vectors were co-transfected into CHO-K1 cells and the clones producing the highest amount of chimeric antibodies were selected. In the end, the purity of the two chimeric antibodies was more than ninety percent. Both of them can bind Jurkat cells specifically as did the commercial anti-CTLA-4 mAb. Western blotting analysis showed that mAbs 22G11 and 16C11 reacted with one specific band with a molecular weight of about 22 kD, further indicating that 22G11 and 16C11 specifically recognized CTLA-4 molecule. Antigen-binding activity assay demonstrated that both of the two mAbs were shown to bind well to Jurkat cells, indicating that the two chimeric antibodies were correctly constructed and produced. In the competitive binding assay, c22G11 and c16C11 could effectively compete with their respective parental mouse antibodies for binding to Jurkat cells. The avidity (mean IC50±SD) of c22G11 and c16C11 was equal to that of 22G11 and 16C11 respectively, which indicated that the chimeric antibodies possessed affinity and specificity similar to those of the original murine antibodies.
The invention relates to novel 7,10-O,O-dimethyl docetaxel derivatives and a use thereof. The novel 7,10-O,O-dimethyl docetaxel derivatives have a general structural formula shown in the patent specification. The novel 7,10-O,O-dimethyl docetaxel derivatives can be prepared into intravenous water-soluble preparations so that side effects of Tween-80 in an injection used clinically are eliminated and thus drug safety is improved. Results of an in-vitro cell experiment and an in-vivo animal experiment of novel 7,10-O,O-dimethyl docetaxel derivatives prove that the novel 7,10-O,O-dimethyl docetaxel derivatives have good effects on breast cancer, lung cancer or ovarian cancer. A preparation method of the novel 7,10-O,O-dimethyl docetaxel derivatives is simple and safe. The quality of the novel 7,10-O,O-dimethyl docetaxel derivatives can be controlled easily.
Teriflunomide is an oral de novo pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor of the DHO-DH enzyme, with the chemical name (Z)-2-Cyano-α,α,α-trifluoro-3-hydroxy-4-crotonotoluidide. Its molecular weight is 270.21, and the molecular formula is C12 H9F3N2O2 with the following chemical structure:

Teriflunomide is a white to almost white powder that is sparingly soluble in acetone, slightly soluble in polyethylene glycol and ethanol, very slightly soluble in isopropanol and practically insoluble in water. 

Teriflunomide is formulated as film-coated tablets for oral administration. Teriflunomide tablets contain 7 mg or 14 mg of teriflunomide and the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, corn starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, sodium starch glycolate (potato) and titanium dioxide. The 7 mg tablets also contain FD&C Blue No. 2 Aluminum Lake and FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake and the 14 mg tablets also contain red iron oxide and yellow iron oxide.