anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Microglia are the macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS), implying their role in maintaining brain homeostasis. To achieve this, these cells are sensitive to a plethora of endogenous and exogenous signals, such as neuronal activity, cellular debris, hormones, and pathological patterns, among many others. More recent research suggests that microglia are highly responsive to nutrients and dietary variations. In this context, numerous studies have demonstrated their significant role in the development of obesity under calorie surfeit. Because many reviews already exist on this topic, we have chosen to present the state of our reflections on various concepts put forth in the literature, bringing a new perspective whenever possible. Our literature review focuses on studies conducted in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, a key structure in the control of food intake. Specifically, we present the recent data available on the modifications of microglial energy metabolism following the consumption of an obesogenic diet and their consequences on hypothalamic neuron activity. We also highlight the studies unraveling the mechanisms underlying obesity-related sexual dimorphism. The review concludes with a list of questions that remain to be addressed in the field to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the role of microglia in the regulation of body energy metabolism. This article is part of the Special Issue on "Microglia".
The application provides a pediatric intravenous injection intelligent emotion communication method based on a large model. The method firstly desensitizes basic data of the infant to protect privacy of patients. Then, by inputting a prompt word related to the desensitization data of the infant and the injection rejection situation of the infant to the artificial intelligence large model, an initial pacifying guide is generated. And then constructing pacifying method prompt words corresponding to the initial pacifying directions, and inputting the pacifying method prompt words into the same artificial intelligence large model to obtain a specific group of pacifying methods. Finally, a list of clinical executives is formulated according to the set of pacifying methods, according to which effective and personalized pacifying of the infant is performed. This approach utilizes artificial intelligence techniques to provide a more accurate and personalized pediatric intravenous pacifying solution.
The present disclosure provides a lipid nanoparticle and uses of the lipid nanoparticle for treating cancer, targeting integrin αvβ3, anti-angiogenesis to prevent cancer metastasis and reducing the cytotoxicity of anti-cancer drugs to normal cells. In addition, since it can inhibit angiogenesis, it also can be used in vascular related diseases. The lipid nanoparticle provides targeting cell surface integrin αvβ3, the nano-liposome specific against digestion system-related cancers locally and systemically. The lipid nanoparticle of the present disclosure would target cancer cells instead of normal cells. Even normal cells contain integrin αvβ3, however, the lipid nanoparticle of the present disclosure only recognizes the conformation of integrin αvβ3 on the cancer cells. The lipid nanoparticle of the present disclosure can equip with other targeting molecules, payload with other anti-cancer drugs, and can combine with radiation therapy and reduce radiation therapeutic threshold.
BACKGROUND: Frequent hemodialysis provided more than three times per week may lower mortality and improve health-related quality of life. Yet, the evidence is inconclusive. We evaluated the benefits and harms of frequent hemodialysis in people with kidney failure compared with standard hemodialysis.
METHODS: We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials including adults on hemodialysis with highly sensitive searching in MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and Google Scholar on 3 January 2024. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. We adjudicated evidence certainty using GRADE.
RESULTS: From 11,142 unique citations, only seven studies involving 518 participants proved eligible. The effects of frequent hemodialysis on physical and mental health were imprecise due to few data. Frequent hemodialysis probably had uncertain effect on death from all cause compared with standard hemodialysis (relative risk 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.33-1.91, low certainty evidence). Data were not reported for death from cardiovascular causes, major cardiovascular events, fatigue or vascular access.
CONCLUSION: The evidentiary basis for frequent hemodialysis is incomplete due to clinical trials with few or no events reported for mortality and cardiovascular outcome measures and few participants in which patient-reported outcomes including health-related quality of life and symptoms were reported.
OBJECTIVE: The surgical anatomy of the nervus intermedius (NI) is highly variable. The aim of this study was to describe the anatomy of the NI during endoscope-assisted microvascular decompression (MVD) in hemifacial spasm (HFS), and the involvement of the nerve in the vascular conflict.
METHODS: The authors reviewed a prospectively maintained database for MVDs performed between 2002 and 2022 and extracted clinical data including patient demographics, symptoms, and offending vessel(s). Operative videos and photographs were analyzed retrospectively in an attempt to identify the NI.
RESULTS: Endoscopic identification of the NI was possible in 139 of 435 MVDs. The anatomy is very variable. In 79 (56.8%) patients, a single-bundle pattern was detected, whereas a multiple-bundle pattern was identified in 60 (43.2%) patients. Overall the most common pattern was a single-bundle type A (49.7%). In 20.1%, a multiple-bundles type A was identified. In 4.3%, a single-bundle type B was detected. In 2.9% a single-bundle type C was found, and in just 0.7% a multiple-bundles type C was detected. A multiple-origin pattern (type D) was found in 31 patients (22.3%). The NI was frequently involved in the neurovascular conflict (approximately 85%). The type of NI or vascular compression pattern did not affect the results regarding the outcome or recurrence of HFS.
CONCLUSIONS: The anatomy of the NI is for the first time evaluated endoscopically in MVD for HFS. The nerve had various anatomical patterns that were clearly identified. Further studies to evaluate the compression patterns in relation to NI neuralgia are warranted.
Tooth cleaning prepns. of pH 3.8-5.8, comprising a water soluble fluoride, a polishing agent and an aromatising agent consisting of an essential oil contng. at least one C10 constituent with a terpene structure almost all of which constituents are oxygenated. Fluorinated tooth cleaning prepns. with pleasant aroma, which help to prevent caries. The aroma consisting of oxygenated terpenes is very agreeable in taste and odour and is stable for long periods without becoming rancid. The fluoride constituent may be completely or partially soluble in water and inert towards the other components e.g. mineral fluorides, esp. Sn fluorides and sodium fluoride. In tooth-paste or -powder an amt. of fluoride which liberates 0.005-1% of fluoride ions, esp. 0.1% is very satisfactory. This requires a quantity of 0.5-1% of metal fluoride. The normally used polishing materials are incorporated such as Na- and K-metaphosphate insoluble in water, tricalcium phosphate, various Mg-phosphates, Ca-and Al carbonate, Al- and zirconium silicates etc. Preferred materials are finely powdered insoluble sodium metaphosphate and anhydrous- or dihydrated calcium phosphate with a particle size of 10 micron, esp. 3.5-5 microns. 20-99% of the prepns. may be polishing material. For toothpaste 20-75% and for powder 70-99% is prefd. The pH of the prepns. should be compatible with its constituents and between 3.8-5.8, pref. 4-4.8. The aromatising agent is an essential oil with a terpene structure of general formula C1oH16. The terpene hydrocarbons have a lower boiling point than the oxygenated components and can easily be distilled off, leaving a residue consisting of oxygenated cpds. with 10 C-atoms and terpene structure such as carvone, dihydrocarvone, menthone and menthol as well as terpene esters, -aldehydes sesquiterpenes etc. The aroma constituents should consist of at least 80% oxygenated cpds., at least 90% of which should be terpene alcohols or -ketones or mixtures. The amt. of aromatising agent is 0.5-1%, pref. 0.8-1% of the prepns.
BACKGROUND: Spinal Accessory Nerve (SAN), which innervates the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) and trapezius muscles, is closely related to the internal jugular vein (IJV) in the anterior triangle of the neck and passes superficially in the posterior triangle. Injury to SAN is a major complication of level II neck dissection, leading to shoulder syndrome. The present study aims to assess the course and its relation to the SCM muscle and IJV in the Tamil ethnolinguistic groups in South India.
METHODS AND MATERIALS: The anterior and posterior triangles of the neck were dissected in 28 formalin-fixed adult cadavers. The course of the SAN and the entry and exit points of SAN along the SCM muscle were assessed using the mastoid process as the reference. Recorded data was analyzed using SPSS software.
RESULTS: The SAN was anteriorly related to the IJV in 58.73%, posteriorly in 37.5%, and pierced through the IJV in 3.57% of the specimens. The entry and exit points of SAN from the mastoid process were 37.86±7.26mm and 48.55±8.22mm, respectively. In 86.67% of the cases, the SAN traversed through the SCM muscle, and in 13.33%, it was deep to the SCM.
CONCLUSION: The present study reports that the SAN is variable in its course, and relation to SCM and IJV. Knowledge about the variant anatomy of the SAN in the triangles of the neck is important and it aids surgeons to prevent iatrogenic injuries to SAN or IJV and enhance surgical safety in neck procedures.
Based on literature research and the birth of independently developed irinotecan liposomes by Shiyao, we plan to conduct a therapeutic study on the combination of irinotecan liposomes and cisplatin/carboplatin for platinum sensitive recurrent small cell lung cancer. The aim is to explore the efficacy and safety of the combination of irinotecan liposomes and platinum based chemotherapy regimen in first-line treatment of small cell lung cancer patients who have progressed after 6 months using platinum based regimens, providing better clinical evidence for use.

The research unit is the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University. The study includes screening period (within 28 days), treatment period, and follow-up period (safety follow-up and PFS follow-up). The subjects signed an informed consent form and underwent baseline examination during the screening period. Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria entered the treatment period. All subjects completed the relevant examinations specified in the protocol during the treatment process to observe safety, tolerance, and efficacy. The same subject only received one dosing plan during the study period. After the treatment period ends, enter the follow-up period.
Comprehensively mapping the genetic basis of human disease across diverse individuals is a long-standing goal for the field of human genetics1-4. The All of Us Research Program is a longitudinal cohort study aiming to enrol a diverse group of at least one million individuals across the USA to accelerate biomedical research and improve human health5,6. Here we describe the programme's genomics data release of 245,388 clinical-grade genome sequences. This resource is unique in its diversity as 77% of participants are from communities that are historically under-represented in biomedical research and 46% are individuals from under-represented racial and ethnic minorities. All of Us identified more than 1 billion genetic variants, including more than 275 million previously unreported genetic variants, more than 3.9 million of which had coding consequences. Leveraging linkage between genomic data and the longitudinal electronic health record, we evaluated 3,724 genetic variants associated with 117 diseases and found high replication rates across both participants of European ancestry and participants of African ancestry. Summary-level data are publicly available, and individual-level data can be accessed by researchers through the All of Us Researcher Workbench using a unique data passport model with a median time from initial researcher registration to data access of 29 hours. We anticipate that this diverse dataset will advance the promise of genomic medicine for all.
Our understanding of the pathophysiology of obesity remains at best incomplete despite a century of research. During this time, two alternative perspectives have helped shape thinking about the etiology of the disorder. The currently prevailing view holds that excessive fat accumulation results because energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, with excessive food consumption being the primary cause of the imbalance. The other perspective attributes the initiating cause of obesity to intrinsic metabolic defects that shift fuel partitioning from pathways for mobilization and oxidation to those for synthesis and storage. The resulting reduction in fuel oxidation and trapping of energy in adipose tissue drives a compensatory increase in energy intake and, under some conditions, a decrease in expenditure. This theory of obesity pathogenesis has historically garnered relatively less attention despite its pedigree. Here, we present an updated comprehensive formulation of the fuel partitioning theory, focused on evidence gathered over the last 80 years from major animal models of obesity showing a redirection of fuel fluxes from oxidation to storage and accumulation of excess body fat with energy intake equal to or even less than that of lean animals. The aim is to inform current discussions about the etiology of obesity and by so doing, help lay new foundations for the design of more efficacious approaches to obesity research, treatment and prevention.
Participants receive apalutamide PO QD on days 1-28. Courses repeat every 28 days for up to 52 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Beginning 60 days after first dose of apalutamide, participants also undergo stereotactic body radiation therapy for 1-5 fractions.
The invention discloses a portable red bean dampness eliminating device. The portable red bean dampness eliminating device comprises a body which is formed by sewing cloth to be in a capsular bag shape. The body comprises an upper part and a lower part, and the upper part and the lower part are connected up and down through vertical bridles in left-right symmetry. The upper part and the lower part are provided with transverse bridles which are detachably connected. The inside of the upper part and the inside of the lower part are filled with red beans and electric heating wires, and the shape formed after filling is matched with the streamline at the position of the waist and the position of the back of a human body. According to the portable red bean dampness eliminating device, the effects of nourishing the spleen and eliminating dampness after the red beans are heated are utilized, the red beans and the electric heating wires are organically combined together, the position of the waist, the position of the back and the position of the cervical vertebra can be massaged in a more attached mode, and therefore a healthy, conveniently-used, safe and comfortable red bean dampness eliminating massage device can be provided for people which are plagued by rheumatism and rheumatoid diseases.
Participants diagnosed with UC or CD, who have initiated other biologic treatment (infliximab, adalimumab, or golimumab \[UC only\]) between January 2017 until date of site initiation from the 25 participating sites will be observed from the date of UC or CD diagnosis until one day prior to the date of index other biologic treatment initiation during the eligibility period, and then from date of index other biologic treatment initiation until the earliest of 6 months (post-index treatment discontinuation, death of participant, lost-to-follow up, or date of chart abstraction). Index date is defined as the date when other biologic treatment was initiated.
PCT No. PCT/SE95/01350 Sec. 371 Date Mar. 27, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Mar. 27, 1997 PCT Filed Nov. 14, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/15140 PCT Pub. Date May 23, 1996The present invention relates to a process for purifying recombinant coagulation factor VIII by loading an aqueous solution containing factor VIII onto a hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) gel, wherein at least one surfactant is present in the aqueous solution and/or a buffer solution used to equilibrate the gel prior to loading the aqueous solution onto the gel. The presence of a surfactant when loading the solution containing factor VIII onto the HIC gel, makes it possible to efficiently separate the intact and active factor VIII molecules from molecules with structural deviations. With the present invention it is further possible to reduce the content of DNA and/or CHO cell contaminants considerably and increase the activity of the factor VIII product to a hitherto unknown extent. The invention further relates to an aqueous solution containing recombinant factor VIII which has been purified according to the present process and use of such an aqueous solution, for the manufacture of a medicament for administration to a patient having the symptoms of hemophilia. Also, the invention relates to a method for treatment of hemophilia by administration of a therapeutically effective amount of recombinant factor VIII which has been purified according to the present process.
BACKGROUND: Few reports have focused on the association between apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aTRH) and cardiovascular (CV) mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) population, thus we conducted this retrospective cohort to explore it.
METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted from January 2011 to January 2020 with PD patients in 4 Chinese dialysis centers. aTRH was defined according to the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association guidelines. aTRH duration was calculated as the total number of months when patients met the diagnostic criteria in the first PD year. The primary outcome was CV mortality, and the secondary outcomes were CV events, all-cause mortality, combined endpoint (all-cause mortality and transferred to hemodialysis [HD]), and PD withdrawal (all-cause mortality, transferred to HD, and kidney transplantation). Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association.
RESULTS: A total of 1,422 patients were finally included in the analysis. During a median follow-up period of 26 months, 83 (5.8%) PD patients incurred CV mortality. The prevalence of aTRH was 24.1%, 19.9%, and 24.6% at 0, 3, and 12 months after PD initiation, respectively. Overall, aTRH duration in the first PD year positively associated with CV mortality (per 3 months increment, adjusted hazards ratio [HR], 1.29; 95% confidence interval 1.10, 1.53; P = 0.002). After categorized, those with aTRH duration more than 6 months presented the highest adjusted HR of 2.92. Similar results were found for secondary outcomes, except for the CV event.
CONCLUSIONS: Longer aTRH duration in the first PD year is associated with higher CV mortality and worse long-term clinical outcomes. Larger studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: There is no clinical trial registration for this retrospective study.
BACKGROUND: Mortality and cardiovascular (CV) risk prediction in individuals with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) on chronic hemodialysis (HD) remains challenging due to the multitude of implicated factors. In a multicenter ESKD-HD cohort, we tested the prognostic yield of the assessment of circulating Humanin, a small mitochondrial-derived peptide involved in CV protection, on CV events and mortality.
METHODS: We conducted a prospective, observational, pilot study on 94 prevalent HD patients. The prognostic capacity of circulating Humanin levels was tested on a primary composite (all-cause mortality + non-fatal CV events) and a secondary exploratory endpoint (all-cause mortality alone).
RESULTS: Baseline Humanin level was comparable in patients reaching the primary or secondary endpoint as compared to others (p = 0.69 and 0.76, respectively). Unadjusted followed by multivariable Cox regression analyses adjusted for age, left ventricular mass index (LVMi), E/e', pulse pressure and diabetes mellitus indicated a non-linear relationship between Humanin levels and the composite outcome with the highest Hazard Ratio (HR) associated with very low (< 450.7 pg/mL; HR ranging from 4.25 to 2.49) and very high (> 759.5 pg/mL; HR ranging from 5.84 to 4.50) Humanin values. Restricted cubic splines fitting univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses visually confirmed a curvilinear trend with an increasing risk observed for lower and higher Humanin values around the median, respectively. A similar, u-shaped association was also evidenced with the secondary endpoint.
CONCLUSIONS: Altered Humanin levels may impart prognostic information in ESKD-HD patients at risk of death or CV events. Future investigations are needed to confirm whether Humanin measurement could improve CV and mortality risk prediction beyond traditional risk models.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a medical preparation which is stable to ultraviolet rays and heat and excellent in the preservative stabilization by coating the surface with a coating agent containing a specific light-shielding agent and a free radical scavenger. SOLUTION: The stabilized medicinal preparation is obtained by coating the surface with a coating agent which contains (A) a light-shielding agent capable of generating free radicals by ultraviolet rays, preferably a metal oxide (e.g. titanium oxide, iron sesquioxide or zinc oxide), (B) a free radical scavenger, preferably in addition (C) an oil substance (e.g. a polyethylene glycol) selected from esters and alcohols and (D) a basic substance (e.g. a metal carbonate or a metal hydroxide). As the component B, a sulfite (e.g. sodium hydrogensulfite), vitamins C and E (e.g. ascorbic acid, dl-α-tocopherol or the like) are preferably illustrated. It is preferable that the components A, B, C and D are included in the coating agent in amounts of 10-30 wt.%, 1-20 wt.%, 10-20 wt.% and 1-20 wt.%, respectively.