anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Nanosilver is a popular nanomaterial, the potential influence of which on humans is of serious concern. Herein, we exposed male Wistar rats to two regimens: a repeated oral dose of 30 mg/kg bw silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) over 28 days and a single-dose injection of 5 mg/kg bw of AgNPs. At three different time points, we assessed antioxidant defense, oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters in the colon, as well as toxicity markers in the liver and plasma. Both experimental scenarios showed increased oxidative stress and inflammation in the colon. Oral administration seemed to be linked to increased reactive oxygen species generation and lipid peroxidation, while the effects induced by the intravenous exposure were probably mediated by silver ions released from the AgNPs. Repeated oral exposure had a more detrimental effect than the single-dose injection. In conclusion, both administration routes had a similar impact on the colon, although the underlying mechanisms are likely different.
BACKGROUND: Emergency general surgery (EGS) involves care of a patient's often previously unknown disease in the setting of an unplanned interaction with the healthcare system. This leads to challenges collecting and interpreting patient reported outcome measures (PROMs).
METHODS: We performed a qualitative and mixed methods study using semi-structured interviews during the index hospitalization and at 6-12 months to capture peri-operative patient experiences. We compared interview findings to clinical characteristics.
RESULTS: Among 30 patients, two-thirds reported feeling no choice but to pursue emergency surgery with many reporting exclusion from decision-making. Females reported these themes more commonly. Patients with minor complications less frequently reported trust in their team and discussed communication issues and delays in care (all p ​< ​0.05). Patients with major complications more frequently reported confidence in their team and gratefulness, but also communication limitations (all p ​< ​0.05). Patients not admitted to the ICU more frequently discussed good communication and expeditious treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: PROMs developed for EGS patients should consider patient outcomes and reflections that they felt excluded from decision-making. Severity of complications may also differentially impact PROMs.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled remedy containing aqueous extraction of Aralia elata as an active component. CONSTITUTION:The whole grass (overground part, root and rhizome) of Aralia elata (a deciduous shrub of Aralia genus, Araliaceae family) is dried, pulverized and extracted in purified water at 100 deg.C for 2hr. the extracted mixture is centrifuged to remove solid components. The supernatant liquid is concentrated and dripped into 10 times volume of methanol. The produced precipitate is collected, dissolved in a small amount of water, centrifuged and freeze-dried to obtain the objective remedy for radiation injury. The remedy has the following properties. pH, 6.5-7; solubility, soluble in water and insoluble in methanol, etc.; qualitative reaction, positive to Molish reaction (sugar) and biuret reaction (protein); molecular weight, 5,000-1,000. The plant grows naturally in fields and mountains of from Hokkaido to Kyushu island and its sprout is used for food.
PURPOSE:To obtain the title sponge having pores of a uniform pore direction and a uniform pore diameter as desired and excellent in air-permeability, water absorption, adsorbability, flexibility, elasticity and blood coagulating property, by adding a given amt. of a surface active agent to an aq. collagen soln. and freeze-drying the mixture. CONSTITUTION:An aq. soln. of collagen of a concn. of 0.05-10% is dispersed homogeneously with its pH adjusted as suitable for each collagen, e.g., to a pH of 2.0-3.5 and 5.0-12.0 for the collagen having an isoelectric point of 4.0-4.5, to a pH of 2.0-4.0 and 6.5-12.0 for the collagen having an isoelectric point of 4.5-5.5, or to a pH of 2.0-5.5 and 10.0-12.0 for the collagen having an isoelectric point of 7.0-9.5. To this dispersion is added a surface active agent (e.g., a nonionic surface active agent of an HLB value of 1.8-40) by 0.1-100% of the dry wt. of the collagen, and the mixture is poured in 5-100mm thickness into a tray, freezed and then freeze-dried to give the title open-cell sponge having pore diameters of 10-1,000mu, with the pores being formed in the same direction as that of the thickness of the mixture and the pore diameters being in a certain range corresponding to the content of the surface active agent.
BACKGROUND: The imbalance between T helper 17 (Th17) and T regulatory (Treg) cells plays a key role in the progression of multiple myeloma (MM).
METHODS: The gene expression profiles of MM were acquired and examined from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE72213). Our research involved experimental investigations conducted using the MOPC-MM mouse model. Dysregulation of Treg and Th17 cells was evaluated through flow cytometry, while the levels of inflammatory factors were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell proliferation was gauged using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and cell apoptosis was quantified via flow cytometry. Cell metastasis capabilities were determined by conducting transwell assays. To confirm the relationship between miR-27a and PI3K, a dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed. Finally, proteins associated with the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway were assessed using western blotting.
RESULTS: MiR-27a exhibited reduced expression levels in MM. Moreover, it exerted control over the equilibrium of Th17 and Treg cells while reducing the expression of inflammatory mediators such as TGF-β1 and IL-10 in an in vivo setting. Elevated miR-27a levels led to the inhibition of cell viability, colony formation capacity, migratory and invasive traits in an in vitro context. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was identified as a direct target of miR-27a and could reverse the effects induced by miR-27a in MM cells. Notably, PI3K was directly targeted by miR-27a.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that miR-27a inhibited MM evolution by regulating the Th17/Treg balance. Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by miR-27a may play a potential mechanistic role.
TAVNEOS (avacopan) capsules contain avacopan, a C5aR antagonist. Avacopan is a chiral molecule containing two stereocenters and has a chemical name of (2R,3S)-2-[4-(cyclopentylamino)phenyl]-1-(2-fluoro-6-methylbenzoyl)-N-[4-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]piperidine-3-carboxamide. It has a molecular formula of C33H35F4N3O2 and a molecular weight of 582 g/mol. Avacopan has the following structural formula:

Avacopan is a white to pale yellow crystalline solid that is soluble in organic solvents and practically insoluble in water.

TAVNEOS is available as a 10 mg capsule for oral administration. The capsules include the following inactive ingredients: Polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG-4000), Polyoxyl-40 hydrogenated castor oil. The capsules are a light orange and yellow opaque bicolor gelatin capsule with a clear gelatin sealing band. The top half of the capsule is printed with "CCX168" in black ink. The capsule shell contains gelatin, red iron oxide, yellow iron oxide, and titanium dioxide, and the capsule sealing band contains gelatin and polysorbate 80.
Patients are assigned to receive rivaroxaban 15mg once daily for 12 months according to a computer-generated randomization sequence at the central registration center. Patients with creatinine clearance 30-49 mL/min receive rivaroxaban 10mg once daily.
Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to anti-malarial drugs is a serious impediment to malaria control. In the South East African Combination Anti-malarial Therapy (SEACAT) evaluation, there is an evaluation of the phased introduction of combination anti-malarial therapy (CAT) in Mozambique, Swaziland and South Africa. In order to facilitate formulation of effective regional drug policy and provide a database for decision-making on the implementation of CAT, it is essential that the in vivo response to CAT be investigated. This will be achieved through the SEACAT 01 protocol which is a component of the SEACAT evaluation described in another file on this website. However, in selected Mozambique sites where the intensity of malaria transmission is high, a direct parallel group comparison of monotherapy (SP) with CAT (artesunate, AS, plus SP) will be conducted according to a specific amendment (Amendment 4) to the SEACAT 01 protocol. Amendment 4 is presented in this separate file on the website for clarity.
The present invention discloses a method for producing phycoerythrin by culturing rhodomonas. The best culturing condition for rhodomonas is achieved in an environment under white light with luminosity of 30 μmol photons per square meters per second at 24 deg C, wherein the biomass may reach 10^6 cells/ml and the concentration of sodium nitrate in the culture solution is increased to increase the concentration of phycoerythrin. The phycoerythrin of rhodomonas is extracted in with phosphate buffer solution of pH 6.8 without repeatedly freezing and thawing, and then precipitated by ammonium sulfate of 90% saturation to obtain maximum amount of phycoerythrin, wherein the desalting group is about 190 mg/g (dry weight per gram) and non-desalting group is about 805 mg/g. The phycoerythrin from rhodomonas of the present invention belongs to the PE-545 type with <alpha> subunit having molecular weight of about 10 kDa and <beta> subunit having molecular weight of about 20 kDa. Furthermore, phycoerythrin from rhodomonas is more stable under pH 5-8 and at low temperature (4 ~ 25 deg C), and, only has 20% being degraded after 24 hours of illumination. Thus, the present invention is less sensitive to light and very suitable for molecular fluorescence labeling, and also possesses the capability for removing DPPH free radicals and the reduction capability.
Background Cardiac sympathetic innervation comes from the paravertebral cervical and thoracic ganglia. Among them, the stellate (cervicothoracic) ganglion is a major source of sympathetic innervation. It constantly connects with phrenic nerves and almost as often to the vagal nerves.37 The paravertebral ganglia also directly connect with spinal nerves, which connect with the intercostal nerves. These intercostal nerves split into ramus cutaneous lateralis and a deep branch to the musculus rectus abdominis. Histological studies of human skin biopsy confirmed the presence of abundant sympathetic nerves in arteriovenous anastomoses arrector pilorum muscles, and arterioles. Using horseradish peroxidase as tracer, Baron et al and Taniguchi et al found that all skin sensory and sympathetic neurons are located ipsilaterally. The sympathetic somata are located in the middle cervical and stellate ganglia as well as the thoracic ganglia. Because of the direct and extensive connections among various nerve structures, it is possible for the sympathetic nerves in the various structures to activate simultaneously. Therefore, the investigators hypothesized that SKNA recorded from the upper thorax can be used to estimate the cardiac sympathetic tone.

Utilize the differential frequency contents of ECG and SNA to record neuECG To preserve the signal and eliminate noise, the American Heart Association (AHA) standard recommendation for low pass filtering of the ECG is 150 Hz for adolescents and adults, and 250 Hz for children. Higher frequency signals, although known to be clinically important, are routinely eliminated by this low pass filtering. Because there is no need to record high frequency signals, the conventional ECG and Holter monitoring devices do not have a wide bandwidth and high sampling rate. neuECG recording takes a different approach. the investigators use equipment with wide bandwidth (2K Hz) and high sampling rate (4K/s-10K/s) to record the signals from the skin. The signal is then band passed between 0.5 Hz and 150 Hz to display ECG signal. The same signals are then high passed at \> 150 Hz to reveal nerve activities. Figure 1 illustrates the above concept. It shows Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analyses of the signals recorded from the skin. High pass filtering at 150 Hz eliminated the ECG signals. The remaining high frequency signals may contain both muscle and nerve activities. McAuley et al reported that the electromyography (EMG) usually has a frequency of \<100 Hz. At most, small amounts of muscle activities could reach 400 Hz. By high pass filtering at 500 Hz, the EMG is eliminated but so are other signals with frequencies \< 500 Hz. The standard high pass setting for microneurography study is 700 Hz. High pass filtering at 500 or 700 Hz increased the specificity but reduced the sensitivity of SKNA recording. The signal to noise ratio is reduced. However, the basic patterns of nerve discharges remain.
Overconsumption of added sugars has been pointed out as a major culprit in the increasing rates of obesity worldwide, contributing to the rising popularity of non-caloric sweeteners. In order to satisfy the growing demand, industrial efforts have been made to purify the sweet-tasting molecules found in the natural sweetener stevia, which are characterized by a sweet taste free of unpleasant aftertaste. Although the use of artificial sweeteners has raised many concerns regarding metabolic health, the impact of purified stevia components on the latter remains poorly studied. The objective of this project was to evaluate the impact of two purified sweet-tasting components of stevia, rebaudioside A and D (RebA and RebD), on the development of obesity, insulin resistance, hepatic health, bile acid profile, and gut microbiota in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Male C57BL/6 J mice were fed an obesogenic high-fat/high-sucrose (HFHS) diet and orally treated with 50 mg/kg of RebA, RebD or vehicle (water) for 12 weeks. An additional group of chow-fed mice treated with the vehicle was included as a healthy reference. At weeks 10 and 12, insulin and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed. Liver lipids content was analyzed. Whole-genome shotgun sequencing was performed to profile the gut microbiota. Bile acids were measured in the feces, plasma, and liver. Liver lipid content and gene expression were analyzed. As compared to the HFHS-vehicle treatment group, mice administered RebD showed a reduced weight gain, as evidenced by decreased visceral adipose tissue weight. Liver triglycerides and cholesterol from RebD-treated mice were lower and lipid peroxidation was decreased. Interestingly, administration of RebD was associated with a significant enrichment of Faecalibaculum rodentium in the gut microbiota and an increased secondary bile acid metabolism. Moreover, RebD decreased the level of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP). Neither RebA nor RebD treatments were found to impact glucose homeostasis. The daily consumption of two stevia components has no detrimental effects on metabolic health. In contrast, RebD treatment was found to reduce adiposity, alleviate hepatic steatosis and lipid peroxidation, and decrease LBP, a marker of metabolic endotoxemia in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity.
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by unstable self-image, conflictual interpersonal relationships, emotional dysregulation, and marked impulsivity. One form of impulsivity commonly seen in BPD is binge eating; however, little is known about this maladaptive behavior in the context of BPD. In the eating disorder (ED) literature, multiple theories suggest binge eating occurs as a result of heightened levels of negative affect. Given that BPD and EDs share emotional dysregulation and impulsivity as maintaining mechanisms of each respective disorder, these theories of binge eating may provide a model for binge eating in BPD. Existing literature suggests feelings of emotional emptiness may precede binge episodes in those with EDs. The current study sought to explore feelings of emptiness as antecedents to binge eating behaviors in those with BPD traits. Using ecological momentary assessment, binge episodes, affect, and feelings of emptiness were tracked throughout the day for 14 days in undergraduate students with BPD traits (n = 55). The current study found momentary feelings of emptiness at the time of the binge eating episode significantly predicted increased odds of a binge episode occurring. Additionally, momentary feelings of emptiness, as well as other negative affects, increase following a binge episode. Results suggest treatment of binge eating within BPD should include elements of acceptance of negative affects including emptiness, such as in dialectical behavior therapy distress tolerance skills training. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and urinary incontinence (UI) are two prevalent health conditions with significant impacts on individuals' quality of life. Although they appear distinct in nature, a growing body of evidence suggests a potential interrelationship between these conditions. Our objective was to explore the association between the risk of OSA and the occurrence of UI within a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults. Utilizing cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey spanning the years 2015 to 2020, we conducted an analysis on a sample comprising 8,647 adults who provided comprehensive self-reported information on both UI and sleep apnea symptoms. The included cohorts were analyzed based on their sex. We employed the Multivariate Apnea Prediction (MAP) index to evaluate the risk of OSA. Subgroup analyses were conducted, categorizing them according to different types of UI. The association between OSA risk and UI was estimated through multivariable binary logistic regression models. After adjusting for relevant confounders, our results revealed a positive correlation between OSA risk and UI in both males (OR = 5.68, 95% CI = 1.74-18.47) and females (OR = 5.99, 95% CI = 2.68-13.41). The subgroup analysis illustrates that an elevated risk of OSA heightens the likelihood of experiencing stress urinary incontinence (SUI), urge urinary incontinence (UUI), and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) in both male and female populations. Our study findings imply that an elevated risk of OSA exacerbates the likelihood of UI, SUI, UUI and MUI.
Lichen simplex chronicus (LSC) presents a challenge in dermatology due to its elusive pathogenic mechanisms. While associations between circulating inflammatory cytokines and LSC were observed, the definitive causal dynamics remain to be elucidated. Our study used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to investigate causal relationships. We applied a suite of MR methodologies, including IVW, Weighted Median, MR-Egger, Weighted Mode, Simple Mode, MR-PRESSO, and the Steiger test, to ensure robust causal inference. Our analysis confirmed the causal impact of genetically determined cytokine levels on LSC risk, particularly MMP-10 (OR = 0.493, P = 0.004) and DNER (OR = 0.651, P = 0.043) in risk attenuation. We also found a positive causal correlation between GDNF levels (OR = 1.871, P = 0.007) and LSC prevalence. Notably, bidirectional causality was observed between DNER and LSC. Consistency across various MR analyses and sensitivity analyses confirmed the absence of horizontal pleiotropy, validating the causal estimates. This pioneering MR investigation unveils a novel genetically anchored causal relationship between the circulating levels of MMP-10, DNER, and GDNF and LSC risk. Although further validation is requisite, our findings augment the understanding of cytokine mediation in LSC and underscore prospective avenues for research.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide LLPL genes and a new application of their gene products.  <P>SOLUTION: This invention is related with a screening method of compounds which change the activity of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase-like lysophospholipase (LLPL) containing the same or substantially same amino acid sequence as the amino acid sequence expressed by the sequence number:1 and compounds acquirable by the screening method. By the screening method, it is possible to effectively screen preventive and/or therapeutic agents for various diseases caused by LLPL deficiencies. Since various biological activities derivable from LLPL are deficient in an LLPL-expression-deficient nonhuman animal of this invention, the LLPL-expression-deficient nonhuman animal of this invention can be a model of diseases caused by LLPL deficiencies. Therefore, this model is useful for screening preventive and/or therapeutic agents for various symptoms caused by LLPL deficiencies and, for example, diseases caused by apoptosis, diagnosing LLPL-related diseases, and examining therapeutic methods. Furthermore, compounds acquired by the screening method of this invention are useful as preventive and/or therapeutic agents for diseases caused by apoptosis.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI
BACKGROUND: Globally, male dancers are affected by low back pain (LBP) up to 2.5 times more than female dancers. While female dancers' beliefs around LBP and dance-specific low back movements exist, no research has explored male dancers' beliefs. This study aimed to (1) examine the low back beliefs of Australian male professional and pre-professional dancers, and (2) determine if beliefs toward common low back movements and lifting differed when current LBP or history of disabling LBP (DLBP) were considered.
METHODS: 40 male dancers (mean age [SD] 26.9 years [7.9]) from a range of dance backgrounds (all participating in ballet) were recruited to complete a cross-sectional survey comprising a beliefs questionnaire considering dance-specific movement and lifting tasks, the Back Pain Attitudes Questionnaire (Back-PAQ) and the Athletic Fear Avoidance Questionnaire (AFAQ). Primary analysis included initial descriptives, a repeated measures ANOVA for movement-specific beliefs and visual thematic analysis for written responses within the belief's questionnaire. Secondary subgroup analysis included independent T-tests for those with/without current LBP and those with/without a history of DLBP.
RESULTS: Fourteen dancers reported current LBP and 30 reported a history of DLBP. Dancers held generally negative beliefs toward the low back (Back-PAQ mean 123.1 ± 9.7) with neither subgroup demonstrating significant between-group difference (P < .05). Dance-specific flexion movements were seen as safer than extension movements (P < .05), and more extended-spine lifting was seen as safer than more flexed-spine lifting (P < .05). Dancers experiencing current LBP held less positive beliefs surrounding some dance-specific movements.
CONCLUSIONS: Dancers hold negative general beliefs toward the low back irrespective of current or historical DLBP, however their beliefs surrounding dance-specific movements were relatively positive. Dancers' beliefs surrounding some movements were affected by the presence of current LBP, in particular an arabesque and a fish dive.
It is well known that tumor cells and leukemia cells express different surface structures (called antigens) that can serve as targets for cancer cell destruction by the immune system. Effective immune therapies are characterized by high specificity and low toxicity. One of the major obstacles impeding the use of these therapies as standard of care is the identification of good target antigens. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML) there is major patient to patient variation in leukemia antigens, so there is no universal AML cell target. Rather, each patient has a unique array of potential cell targets. Thanks to the rapid progress of new DNA/RNA sequencing technologies, the identification of these unique, patient-specific leukemia cell antigen-targets is now possible.

The purpose of this project is to develop a process to identify highly personalized antigens that are uniquely expressed by the patient's own leukemia cells that can be used for cellular immune therapy.