anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A computer-implemented method for managing prescription benefits in prescription claim or inquiry requests performed by one or more computers in a prescription order processing system includes receiving a prescription claim request related to a consumer from a requesting entity. A crosswalk file is retrieved that comprises information from a plurality of health plan member files describing benefits available to the consumer provided by a plurality of benefit providers. The crosswalk file is used to automatically determine an order submission sequence indicating an order in which claim or inquiry requests corresponding to the benefits are submitted to the benefit providers. The claim or inquiry requests are submitted to the benefit providers according to the order submission sequence. Responses from the benefit providers are automatically aggregated in order to generate an aggregated response to the prescription claim request. The aggregated response is transmitted to the requesting entity.
BACKGROUND: Pseudohyperkalemia (falsely elevated serum potassium) must be distinguished from true hyperkalemia to avoid unnecessary treatment. Some case reports suggest that pneumatic tube transportation may increase the risk of pseudohyperkalemia, but comprehensive research on the topic is lacking. Here, we aimed to assess the association between WBC levels, pneumatic tube transport, and pseudohyperkalemia prevalence.
METHODS: We analyzed 1188 samples collected from 240 patients between 2019 and 2022. Samples with elevated WBC counts (≥ 100 × 103/μL) and potassium levels were included in this study. The method of specimen transportation was documented.
RESULTS: Pseudohyperkalemia was observed (7/390) in specimens transported using pneumatic tubes. No pseudohyperkalemia was identified with manually transported specimens (0/132). Every increase in WBC count by 100 × 103/μL in the specimens multiplied the odds ratio of pseudohyperkalemia by 3.75 when delivered with pneumatic tube. The prevalence of pseudohyperkalemia increased as WBC count increased, especially at WBC counts greater than 200 × 103/μL.
CONCLUSION: Pneumatic tube transport poses a risk for pseudohyperkalemia in patients with extreme leukocytosis. Physicians should anticipate odd potassium levels when interpreting blood test results. Redrawing of blood samples, manual specimen transportation, or point-of-care testing are suggested to prevent further misdiagnosis.
Expectations modulating pain perception is a well-researched phenomenon, but less is known about the persistence of expectation effects over longer time-courses. In this preregistered study, we examined the persistence of positive (placebo) and negative (nocebo) expectation effects over one week and investigated whether neural activity on day 1 (fMRI) can predict the stability of these effects one week later (n = 41). We tested whether expectations were reflected in EEG oscillatory activity at the second measurement. Both positive and negative pain modulation effects persisted over the tested time-period and did not undergo extinction. Expectations of higher compared to lower pain led to larger theta-to-alpha EEG activity. Most interestingly, differential neural activity in fMRI was correlated with persistent expectations. Individual differences in the persistence of positive expectation effects were related to reduced amygdala activity and enhanced activity in the anterior insula and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during the first session. In contrast, persistence of negative expectation effects was predicted by enhanced thalamus activity. Our findings indicate relatively stable placebo and nocebo effects over longer time courses, but this persistence is based on different neural areas for positive and negative expectations.
Though stillbirth rates in the United States improved over the previous decades, inequities in stillbirth by race and ethnicity have persisted nearly unchanged since data collection began. Black and Indigenous pregnant people face a two-fold greater risk of experiencing the devastating consequences of stillbirth compared to their White counterparts. Because race is a social rather than biological construct, inequities in stillbirth rates are a downstream consequence of structural, institutional, and interpersonal racism which shape a landscape of differential access to opportunities for health. These downstream consequences can include differences in the prevalence of chronic health conditions as well as structural differences in the quality of health care or healthy neighborhood conditions, each of which likely plays a role in racial and ethnic inequities in stillbirth. Research and intervention approaches that utilize an equity lens may identify ways to close gaps in stillbirth incidence or in responding to the health and socioemotional consequences of stillbirth. A community-engaged approach that incorporates experiential wisdom will be necessary to create a full picture of the causes and consequences of inequity in stillbirth outcomes. Investigators working in tandem with community partners, utilizing a combination of qualitative, quantitative, and implementation science approaches, may more fully elucidate the underpinnings of racial and ethnic inequities in stillbirth outcomes.
Continuous progressive exercise training will be applied to the treatment group. The exercises will be performed every day, twice a day, for an average of 10 minutes/session, for eight weeks. Exercise training will be updated regularly at two-week intervals. A different and progressive new exercise will be sent to the patients as a Youtube link. The patients will be interviewed by video every week.
The treatment of wound inflammation is intricately linked to the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the wound microenvironment. Among these ROS, H2O2 serves as a critical signaling molecule and second messenger, necessitating the urgent need for its rapid real-time quantitative detection, as well as effective clearance, in the pursuit of effective wound inflammation treatment. Here, we exploited a sophisticated 3D Cu2- x Se/GO nanostructure-based nanonzymatic H2O2 electrochemical sensor, which is further decorated with evenly distributed Pt nanoparticles (Pt NPs) through electrodeposition. The obtained Cu2- x Se/GO@Pt/SPCE sensing electrode possesses a remarkable increase in specific surface derived from the three-dimensional surface constructed by GO nanosheets. Moreover, the localized surface plasma effect of the Cu2- x Se nanospheres enhances the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs between the interface of the Cu2- x Se NPs and the Pt NPs. This innovation enables near-infrared light-enhanced catalysis, significantly reducing the detection limit of the Cu2- x Se/GO@Pt/SPCE sensing electrode for H2O2 (from 1.45 μM to 0.53μM) under NIR light. Furthermore, this biosensor electrode enables in-situ real-time monitoring of H2O2 released by cells. The NIR-enhanced Cu2- x Se/GO@Pt/SPCE sensing electrode provide a simple-yet-effective method to achieve a detection of ROS (H2O2、-OH) with high sensitivity and efficiency. This innovation promises to revolutionize the field of wound inflammation treatment by providing clinicians with a powerful tool for accurate and rapid assessment of ROS levels, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes.
This open study will enrol trauma patients admitted to the Trauma Unit, Department of Surgery at Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Sahlgrenska. It will compare patients where TICH has been confirmed by CT (group A) to patients where CT has ruled out TICH (group B). Patients will be asked to participate in the study as early as possible after admission and CT scan. After physical examination, checking inclusion/exclusion criteria, and after informed consent has been acquired, the baseline microwave-based measurement will be performed. The diagnostic procedure is estimated to take 15 min; whereof total subject measurement time will be less than five minutes. Follow-up microwave measurements will be performed in conjunction with any follow-up CTs performed as part of the standard of care, during the hospitalized treatment period. If no follow-up CTs are performed as part of the standard of care, only the baseline microwave measurement will be performed.

Safety will be followed throughout the study, and a safety follow-up will be performed 12 hours after the last microwave-based investigation is finalized.
BACKGROUND: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a neurosurgical pathology of an aged populace. Pathogenetic risk factors include traumatic brain injury, prolonged use of antiplatelet drugs, hypertension, and some inflammatory processes. The incidence increases as patients age. Burr-hole evacuation is the most common approach in management of symptomatic cases. We compared evacuation of chronic subdural hematomas with general or local anesthesia (GA and LA, respectively) and evaluated the safety, economic benefits, effects of comorbidity, benefits, and shortcomings of both techniques.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 67 consecutive patients who had 74 procedures for CSDH in a single neurosurgical center, the Regional Clinic, Centre of Neurosurgery and Neurology, over a 3-year period. They were grouped into the GA group (n = 44) and LA group (n = 23). Mean duration of procedure, length of hospital stay, complications, and preoperative and postoperative neurologic statuses were compared. The distribution of nominal variables between groups was compared using the Fisher exact test. The average duration of operation and length of hospital stay were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test due to violation of the normality assumption.
RESULTS: LA proved to be as effective as GA in CSDH evacuation. Seventy-four surgical procedures were performed on 67 patients due to recurrence in less than 30 days in 7 patients. Fifteen patients had tension pneumocephalus managed with fluid therapy to full recovery. LA was economical and required shorter hospital stays and surgical time.
CONCLUSIONS: In our studies, LA proved to be noninferior to GA, time conserving, and less prone to some of the adverse effects of GA on elderly patients with comorbidity, although some patients who are hyperactive or contraindicated to LA will require GA.
In a controlled clinical study with INLYTA for the treatment of patients with RCC, 123/359 patients (34%) treated with INLYTA were ≥65 years of age. Although greater sensitivity in some older individuals cannot be ruled out, no overall differences were observed in the safety and effectiveness of INLYTA between patients who were ≥65 years of age and younger.

Of the 434 patients randomized to INLYTA 5 mg twice daily administered in combination with avelumab 10 mg/kg in the JAVELIN Renal 101 trial, 38% were 65 years or older and 8% were 75 years or older. No overall difference in safety or efficacy was reported between patients who were ≥65 years of age and younger.

Of the 432 patients randomized to INLYTA 5 mg twice daily administered in combination with pembrolizumab 200 mg in the KEYNOTE-426 trial, 40% were 65 years or older. No overall difference in safety or efficacy was reported between patients who were ≥65 years of age and younger.

No dosage adjustment is required in elderly patients [see Dosage and Administration (2.2), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a pathological phenomenon that causes cellular destruction in several ocular disorders, so there is a need for novel possible neuroprotective drugs. Researchers have reported numerous neuroprotective effects of Germacrone (GM). Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the underlying processes of GM that may contribute to glaucoma development. 40 healthy rats underwent retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage. The animals were divided into control, I/R-induced, GM-1d, and GM-7d. After 7 days of I/R, mice were sacrificed and retinal tissue removed. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess retinal Malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-OHdG levels after oxidative injury. The Fluro-Gold (FG) labelling assay counted retinal ganglion cells (RGC) before and after labelling. DNA from retinal tissue RNA was amplified. Western blotting and real-time qRT-PCR were utilised to assess Bax, Casapses-3, Bcl-2, retinal NF-kB, and COX-2 expression. Retinal cell apoptotic mediator expression was measured by a TUNEL assay. Retinal I/R damage increases ganglion cell death. Long-term GM treatment (GM-7d) reduced NF-κB activation and raised COX-2 expression, which suggests antioxidant potential. TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells were reduced in long-term GM-treated rats. In GM-treated retinas, the Bax-Bcl-2 ratio was identical to the control group and significantly different from the I/R group. GM reduces I/R-induced retinal cell damage by inhibiting RG cell death. Seven days after GM therapy, histology showed retinal tissue loss. NF-κB signaling and intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis are possible mechanisms that may be attenuated by GM and are attributed to a retinal protective effect.
BACKGROUND: Rapid identification of causative bacteria in treatment of acute otitis media (AOM) is of paramount importance for appropriate antibiotic use.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective observational study was conducted in 15 hospitals and clinics in Japan between 2018 and 2020. A new rapid antigen test kit (AOS-116), which simultaneously detects antigens for Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp) and Haemophilus influenzae (Hi), was applied for middle ear fluids (MEFs) and nasopharyngeal secretions (NPSs) in patients with moderate to severe AOM. We investigated relationship between the results of rapid test, severity at initial visit, and clinical course.
RESULTS: Regarding performance accuracy based on culture results, AOS-116 showed 1) high (>80%) sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value (NPV) in MEFs for both antigens, 2) high sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) in NPSs for Hi antigen, and 3) high specificity, and PPV in NPSs for Sp antigen. Regarding predictive value of nasopharyngeal culture and antigen detection for causative middle ear pathogens, similar results were observed between AOS-116 and culture, which was characterized with high sensitivity and NPV for both pathogens. MEFs/NPSs positive for Hi antigen were significantly associated with eardrum findings, and severity. MEFs/NPSs positive for pneumococcal antigen were significantly associated with severity of otalgia, fever, and otorrhea. Among patients with prior antimicrobial treatment, improvement tended to be slower in cases positive for Hi than in cases negative.
CONCLUSION: The rapid antigen detection test is useful as a decision-making tool for prescribing antimicrobial agents and may play an important role in promoting appropriate antimicrobial use.
The invention relates to a Ruby prostate ketone crystal, a preparation method and an application thereof. The invention provides a Ruby prostate ketone crystal and a preparation method thereof. The crystal comprises characteristic peaks determined by the following 2 theta reflecting angles in an X-ray powder diffraction graph: 14.6+-0.2 degrees, 17.0+-0.2 degrees and 19.6+-0.2 degrees. The invention also provides a drug composition containing the Ruby prostate ketone crystal and a preparation method and an application thereof and a drug kit containing the crystal. Compared with an amorphous Ruby prostate ketone crystal, the Ruby prostate ketone crystal has high purity, stable property, convenient storage and use, etc. and is suitable for producing drugs for treating gastrointestinal diseases (in particular constipation) and the drug kit.
PURPOSE:To enhance stability with time and to make utilization feeling good by blending a polyalcohol aq. soln. and an oil agent with dimethylpolysiloxane- polyoxyethylene copolymer having a specified structure and preparing water- in-oil type emulsifying composition. CONSTITUTION:Water-in-oil type emulsifying composition is prepared by blending an aq. soln. incorporating both at least one kind selected from among saccharides and inorganic salts and polyalcohol and an oil agent with dimethylpolysiloxane-polyoxyethylene copolymer shown in a formula I [(m) shows mean number of 20-100, (n) shows mean number of 1-5 and (a) shows mean number of 2-15] incorporating 5-30wt.% polyoxyethylene group in 1mol. As the oil agent, all of natural animal oil, vegetable oil and synthetic oil ordinarily utilized for cosmetics can be used. Further the above-mentioned emulsifying composition is preferably prepared e.g. with a homomixer by high- speed agitation.
Methods for raising or maintaining the level of T4 cells in humans having a depressed T4 cell level and particularly in humans infected with HIV are provided. In these embodiments, T4 enhancing amounts of beta-carotene are administered. Methods are also provided for lowering or maintaining the levels of neopterin and/or β 2 -microglobulin in humans having elevated levels of these indices and particularly in those infected with HIV. Beta-carotene is administered, respectively, in neopterin and β 2 -microglobulin therapeutically effective amounts. Also contemplated by the present invention are methods for the prevention and/or treatment of HIV infection in humans. An HIV infection preventing or an anti-HIV therapeutically effective amount of beta-carotene is administered. In another embodiment, methods are provided for preventing or treating AIDS in humans. An AIDS preventing amount or an anti-AIDS therapeutically effective amount of beta-carotene is administered.
In certain solid neoplasias, antiangiogenic therapies improve response rates and time to progression. However, treatment with antiangiogenic drugs do not improve patient´s overall survival, in addition to being quite toxic and expensive. It is therefore critical to identify reliable predictive factors for drug efficacy and potential toxicity. Pharmacogenomics and pharmacogenetics are emerging as important tools in the optimization of different therapeutic strategies against cancer. Thus, gene expression profiling and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) offer the promise to more effectively tailor individual cancer treatments by identifying new biomarkers for clinical efficacy. They likely represent a real progress in our understanding of cancer as a complex process and an improvement in patient management and treatment. This grant proposal is aimed at: i) identify genetic variants (SNPs) responsible for the different bevacizumab treatment response observed in metastatic breast cancer patients and ii) determine specific blood microRNA (miRNA) signatures associated with the bevacizumab response The reference endpoint for patient selection will be progression free survival (PFS). To increase the statistical significance of the study, patients will be categorized in two groups: non-responders (PFS\<12 weeks) and best responders (PFS\>52 weeks). Blood samples will be drawn prospectively from selected patients, they will be processed to obtain purified total DNA and RNA and, finally, they will be analyzed by next-gen GWAS and miRNA profiling, respectively. DNA samples will be hybridized to ultrahigh density Omni microarrays, containing 2.5 million genetic variants while RNA samples will be hybridized to Affymetrix microarrays containing an up-to-date collection of human miRNA sequences (miRBase v15, 1105 human miRNA probes). Standard computational analysis of both sets of microarray data will performed and the results will be correlated with the main endpoint of the study (PFS).
The T-FAME-HF is a 16-week program adopts a hybrid approach to combine nurse-led home visits, an Apps, tele-care and optimized family support to enhance post-discharge disease management, disease monitoring, and patients' access to the nurse, and telephone visits. The Program includes 3 four-week phases, which followed by 2 bi-weekly telephone visits. Each phase is designated with a specified goal of care to guide the disease management activities. Commenced with the home visit by the team nurse for each phase, patients' condition and self-care will be assessed. A goal-setting approach will be used to enhance disease monitoring, symptom recognition and response, and treatment compliance. A mobile apps (T-FAME) will be installed in participants' smart-phone and supports the prescribed actions for goal attainment.
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a progressive arrhythmia that significantly affects a patient's quality of life. The 4S-AF scheme is clinically recommended for AF management; however, the evaluation process is complex and time-consuming. This renders its promotion in primary medical institutions challenging. This retrospective study aimed to simplify the evaluation process and present an objective assessment model for AF gradation.
METHODS: In total, 189 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings from 64 patients were included in this study. The data were annotated into two groups (mild and severe) according to the 4S-AF scheme. Using a preprocessed ECG during the sinus rhythm (SR), we obtained a synthesized vectorcardiogram (VCG). Subsequently, various features were calculated from both signals, and age, sex, and medical history were included as baseline characteristics. Different machine learning models, including support vector machines, random forests (RF), and logistic regression, were finally tested with a combination of feature selection techniques.
RESULTS: The proposed method demonstrated excellent performance in the classification of AF gradation. With an optimized feature set of VCG and baseline features, the RF model achieved accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 83.02 %, 80.56 %, and 88.24 %, respectively, under the inter-patient paradigm.
CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate the value of physiological signals in AF gradation evaluation, and VCG signals were effective in identifying mild and severe AF. Considering its low computational complexity and high assessment performance, the proposed model is expected to serve as a useful prognostic tool for clinical AF management.
The relationship between the incidence of bovine teat papillomatosis and the activity of haematophagous flies was investigated in Japan. A total of 15,737 flies consisting of 33 species were collected by dry ice-baited mosquito net (DMN) trap and a sweep net from udders of cattle. Simulium aokii (Takahasi) of Simuliidae (black flies) was the predominant species, followed by S. tobetsuense Ono and S. iwatense (Shiraki). Simulium aokii had the highest peak in October, followed by September. Numbers of blood spots from the bites per teat in nulliparous cattle were significantly correlated with numbers of S. aokii collected by DMN trap. Numbers of teats with warts and spots of blood from the bites per teat were significantly more abundant in anterior teats than posterior teats. The average incidence of teat papillomatosis in nulliparous cattle was significantly higher than that in parous cattle, and the highest incidence by month was in May, followed by April. Although bovine papillomavirus (BPV) DNA was not detected in flies examined, the presence of black flies and blood spots from their bites were associated with subsequent high incidence of growing warts. In particular, it would pay to give attention to species such as S. aokii that severely attack udders in the present locality. Further investigations for the detection of BPV DNA from flies parasitizing on teats are needed.