anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A number of well-controlled clinical trials have demonstrated that low-dose heparin prophylaxis, given just prior to and after surgery, will reduce the incidence of postoperative deep vein thrombosis in the legs (as measured by the I-125 fibrinogen technique and venography) and of clinical pulmonary embolism. The most widely used dosage has been 5,000 units 2 hours before surgery and 5,000 units every 8 to 12 hours thereafter for seven days or until the patient is fully ambulatory, whichever is longer. The heparin is given by deep subcutaneous injection in the arm or abdomen with a fine needle (25 to 26 gauge) to minimize tissue trauma. A concentrated solution of heparin sodium is recommended. Such prophylaxis should be reserved for patients over the age of 40 who are undergoing major surgery. Patients with bleeding disorders and those having neurosurgery, spinal anesthesia, eye surgery or potentially sanguineous operations should be excluded, as well as patients receiving oral anticoagulants or platelet-active drugs (see WARNINGS). The value of such prophylaxis in hip surgery has not been established. The possibility of increased bleeding during surgery or postoperatively should be borne in mind. If such bleeding occurs, discontinuance of heparin and neutralization with protamine sulfate are advisable. If clinical evidence of thromboembolism develops despite low-dose prophylaxis, full therapeutic doses of anticoagulants should be given unless contraindicated. All patients should be screened prior to heparinization to rule out bleeding disorders, and monitoring should be performed with appropriate coagulation tests just prior to surgery. Coagulation test values should be normal or only slightly elevated. There is usually no need for daily monitoring of the effect of low-dose heparin in patients with normal coagulation parameters.
The introduction of highly effective anti-obesity drugs, such as Wegovy, has prompted debate over Medicare's prohibition on coverage of such products. In this study, we estimated the costs of allowing Medicare coverage of anti-obesity medications. Our analysis incorporated data on drug costs, real-world adherence rates, and potential changes to other health care spending. Using Medicare claims, we also documented beneficiaries' eligibility for nearly identical products approved for different indications. Assuming that anti-obesity drugs were covered in 2025 and that 5 percent or 10 percent of newly eligible patients were prescribed one, annual Part D costs were estimated to increase by $3.1 billion or $6.1 billion, respectively. The marginal costs of this policy could fall by as much as 62.5 percent from baseline estimates if products were approved for additional indications in coming years because these additional conditions are common among people with obesity. This would increase Medicare spending but would occur regardless of a policy change. Longer-term estimates come with significant uncertainty about utilization and price changes, but these results are consistent with this policy change likely increasing Medicare costs by the low to middle tens of billions of dollars over ten years.
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between cravings, cognitive performance, behaviors, and physiological markers in individuals with substance use disorder as well as the effects of peer-recovery intervention in response to biomarker data anomalies via wearable technology (e.g., Oura ring), and participant responses to questionnaires and cognitive tasks via the RNI Health application. All participants will initially be monitored for 3 months before being randomized to one of the following arms: 1) Treatment as usual; 2) PRSS (Peer Recovery Support) intervention. Participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either standard-of-care treatment (treatment as usual), or PRSS intervention. Participants will be asked to continuously wear a wearable device that measures heart rate, sleep, and physical activity for up to 5 years. Participants will also be asked to complete questionnaires about health, thinking and emotions, past experiences, and social background, as well as completing cognitive and physiological tasks when indicated. Questionnaires will be completed via the WVU RNI Health app on a smart device. Participant data will be analyzed through machine learning algorithms and standard statistical analyses. The researchers plan to identify abnormalities in participant data such as physiological biomarkers, cognitive performance, behaviors, and level of cravings associated with the increased risk for relapse and related mood conditions, in which participants may be contacted by a Peer Recovery Support Specialist (PRSS) to assess any participant needs, such as linkage or referral to resources (treatment options, housing resources, etc.) based on their standard of care. The objectives to the research are to develop machine-learning algorithms to predict risk for drug use recurrence, to develop a predictive model that may help determine prognosis and improve treatment planning based on physiological, cognitive, and behavioral response patterns, evaluate the efficacy of Peer Recovery Support Specialist interventions in preventing drug use recurrence, and use the data to better understand how wearable technology can help improve treatment plans.
The invention relates to application of dragon blood in preparing a medicine for preventing blood brain barrier injury, and belongs to the technical field of medicines. The blood brain barrier damage is blood brain barrier damage caused under microgravity environment. The dosage of the dragon blood is 1-2 g/kg/d. The medicine takes dragon's blood as the only active component, and pharmaceutic adjuvant is added to prepare the preparation. The preparation is injection, subcutaneous implant, tablet, powder, granule, capsule, oral liquid or sustained release preparation. Test results show that the dragon blood can obviously improve the phenomena of blood brain barrier cell bypass permeability increase and P-gp mediated efflux transport enhancement on blood brain barrier cell membranes caused by microgravity effect.
PURPOSE:To obtain a cosmetic having high quality and improved performance by using carrageenan extracted from natural red algae with a non-alkaline extractant as an active component and adding the component as an additive such as thickener or hair-fixing agent. CONSTITUTION:An active component extracted from a carrageenan-containing raw algae with a non-alkaline extractant is used as an additive for cosmetic such as thickener and hair-fixing agent. The additive has excellent effect for the modification of cosmetic or the improvement of the cosmetic performance. Since it is soluble even in cold water, it can be produced or stored in cold state. It can be added in a sufficient amount to a cosmetic containing an organic solvent such as alcohol or to a cosmetic containing cation. A hair cosmetic incorporated with the additive gives dry feeling and luster to the hair. When the additive is used in a skin cosmetic, it imparts the skin with smoothness and moisture-retaining property.
Risk Summary

The clinical experience, including data from postmarketing studies, in pregnant women treated with oral levothyroxine to maintain euthyroid state have not reported increased rates of major birth defects, miscarriages, or other adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. There are risks to the mother and fetus associated with untreated hypothyroidism in pregnancy. Since TSH levels may increase during pregnancy, TSH should be monitored and levothyroxine sodium dosage adjusted during pregnancy (see Clinical Considerations). Animal reproductive studies have not been conducted with levothyroxine sodium. Levothyroxine sodium should not be discontinued during pregnancy and hypothyroidism diagnosed during pregnancy should be promptly treated. 

The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.

Clinical Considerations

Disease-Associated Maternal and/or Embryo/Fetal Risk

Maternal hypothyroidism during pregnancy is associated with a higher rate of complications, including spontaneous abortion, gestational hypertension, pre‑eclampsia, stillbirth, and premature delivery. Untreated maternal hypothyroidism may have an adverse effect on fetal neurocognitive development.

Dose Adjustments During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period

Pregnancy may increase levothyroxine sodium requirements. Serum TSH levels should be monitored and the levothyroxine sodium dosage adjusted during pregnancy. Since postpartum TSH levels are similar to preconception values, the levothyroxine sodium dosage should return to the pre-pregnancy dose immediately after delivery [see Dosage and Administration Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.].
The dose of teriparatide will be 20 mcg twice daily for the first week and 20 mcg daily for the second week. If hypocalcemia recurs after 2nd week, teriparatide will be continued for a 3rd week and then discontinued.
In a relative bioavailability study in 15 healthy adult male volunteers, CARNITOR ®Tablets were found to be bio-equivalent to CARNITOR ®Oral Solution. Following 4 days of dosing with 6 tablets of CARNITOR ®330 mg b.i.d. or 2 g of CARNITOR ®oral solution b.i.d., the maximum plasma concentration (C max) was about 80 µmol/L and the time to maximum plasma concentration (T max) occurred at 3.3 hours. 

The plasma concentration profiles of levocarnitine after a slow 3 minute intravenous bolus dose of 20 mg/kg of CARNITOR ®were described by a two-compartment model. Following a single i.v. administration, approximately 76% of the levocarnitine dose was excreted in the urine during the 0-24h interval. Using plasma concentrations uncorrected for endogenous levocarnitine, the mean distribution half life was 0.585 hours and the mean apparent terminal elimination half life was 17.4 hours. 

The absolute bioavailability of levocarnitine from the two oral formulations of CARNITOR ®, calculated after correction for circulating endogenous plasma concentrations of levocarnitine, was 15.1 ± 5.3% for CARNITOR ®Tablets and 15.9 ± 4.9% for CARNITOR ®Oral Solution. 

Total body clearance of levocarnitine (Dose/AUC including endogenous baseline concentrations) was a mean of 4.00 L/h.

Levocarnitine was not bound to plasma protein or albumin when tested at any concentration or with any species including the human. 9

In a 9-week study, 12 ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis for at least 6 months received CARNITOR ®20 mg/kg three times per week after dialysis. Prior to initiation of CARNITOR ®therapy, mean plasma levocarnitine concentrations were approximately 20 µmol/L pre-dialysis and 6 µmol/L post-dialysis. The table summarizes the pharmacokinetic data (mean ± SD µmol/L) after the first dose of CARNITOR ®and after 8 weeks of CARNITOR ®therapy. 

After one week of CARNITOR ®therapy (3 doses), all patients had trough concentrations between 54 and 180 µmol/L (normal 40-50 µmol/L) and concentrations remained relatively stable or increased over the course of the study. 

In a similar study in ESRD patients also receiving 20 mg/kg CARNITOR ®3 times per week after hemodialysis, 12- and 24-week mean pre-dialysis (trough) levocarnitine concentrations were 189 (N=25) and 243 (N=23) µmol/L, respectively. 

In a dose-ranging study in ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis, patients received 10, 20, or 40 mg/kg CARNITOR ®3 times per week following dialysis (N~30 for each dose group). Mean ± SD trough levocarnitine concentrations (µmol/L) by dose after 12 and 24 weeks of therapy are summarized in the table. 

While the efficacy of CARNITOR ®to increase carnitine concentrations in patients with ESRD undergoing dialysis has been demonstrated, the effects of supplemental carnitine on the signs and symptoms of carnitine deficiency and on clinical outcomes in this population have not been determined.
Chronic widespread pain is characterized by musculoskeletal pain that lasts for at least 3 months, pain above and below the waist, pain on both the right and left sides, and pain in the head, neck, spine, or back. In addition to fatigue, chronic widespread pain is a hallmark feature of fibromyalgia. Significant physical and emotional effects usually accompany chronic widespread pain and fibromyalgia, making the development of effective treatments a priority. rTMS involves a neurophysiologic technique that directs a current into the brain by using a magnetic field to pass the scalp and skull safely and painlessly. Stimuli are applied to the same brain area several times per second during several consecutive seconds. rTMS has been found to be effective for treating certain types of chronic pain. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of rTMS treatment in reducing bodily pain associated with chronic widespread pain and/or fibromyalgia in women.

Participants in this study will undergo a diagnostic interview, physical and neurological exam, electrocardiogram, magnetic resonance imaging, and blood and urine collection for screening purposes. Eligible participants will then be randomly assigned to receive either rTMS treatment or sham rTMS treatment. One-hour daily treatment sessions will occur over 15 days. After every five treatment sessions, participants will be interviewed about their pain and depression symptoms, and they will fill out questionnaires about pain, depression, fatigue, sleep, and exercise. Participants will also undergo pain threshold and tolerance testing of their right thumb. On a daily basis, participants will rate their level of pain using a 0 to 20 scale. Follow-up evaluations will occur 1, 4, and 12 weeks after treatment and will include a repeat interview and testing. After the follow-up evaluations, any participants who did not respond to the sham treatment will be offered a series of 15 real rTMS treatment sessions.
Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor outcomes. To investigate novel therapeutic strategies, we characterized three new metastatic prostate cancer patient derived-tumor xenograft (PDTX) models and developed 3D spheroids from each to investigate molecular targeted therapy combinations including CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) with AKT inhibitors (ATKi). Metastatic prostate cancer tissue was collected and three PDTX models were established and characterized using whole-exome sequencing. PDTX 3D spheroids were developed from these three PDTXs to show resistance patterns and test novel molecular-targeted therapies. CDK4/6i's were combined with AKTi's to assess synergistic antitumor response to prove our hypothesis that blockade of AKT overcomes drug resistance to CDK4/6i. This combination was evaluated in PDTX three-dimensional (3D) spheroids and in vivo experiments with responses measured by tumor volumes, PSA, and Ga-68 PSMA-11 PET-CT imaging. We demonstrated CDK4/6i's with AKTi's possess synergistic antitumor activity in three mCRPC PDTX models. These models have multiple unique pathogenic and deleterious genomic alterations with resistance to single-agent CDK4/6i's. Despite this, combination therapy with AKTi's was able to overcome resistance mechanisms. The IHC and Western blot analysis confirmed on target effects, whereas tumor volume, serum PSA ELISA, and radionuclide imaging demonstrated response to therapy with statistically significant SUV differences seen with Ga-68 PSMA-11 PET-CT. These preclinical data demonstrating antitumor synergy by overcoming single-agent CDK 4/6i as well as AKTi drug resistance provide the rational for a clinical trial combining a CDK4/6i with an AKTi in patients with mCRPC whose tumor expresses wild-type retinoblastoma 1.
The exercise program will consist of muscular strength and aerobic exercises; additionally, each session will start and end with low intensity warm-up and cool down periods. The program will be divided in months. Months 1-2, twice a week directly-supervised exercises group sessions, and 1 telehealth session. Months 3-6, once a week directly-supervised group session and twice a week home-based telehealth. Months 7-12, Monthly telephone support. Months 12, 24 and 36, All participants (control and intervention arms) will receive a full evaluation. In the dietary intervention, investigators proposed a diet rich in anti-inflammatory components, legumes and in dietary fiber. The baseline evaluation of nutritional condition includes: anthropometry, bioimpedance analysis, hepatobiliary ultrasound, Fibroscan,blood lipids, and a battery of metabolic markers and a diet survey, Automated Self-Administered 24-hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24). Both interventions are performed in parallel.
Mezagitamab, subcutaneous injection, once weekly for 8 weeks then once every 2 weeks for 16 weeks in the Main Study. Same dosing regimen will be repeated in LTE Retreatment Period.
A computer-implemented method for determining an optimal treatment protocol for a disease related to angiogenesis, comprising creating an angiogenesis model including pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors. Effective vessel density (EVD) is incorporated as a factor regulating switching on and switching off of at least one component in the angiogenesis model. Effects of vasculature maturation and mature vessel destabilization are incorporated. Pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors, which can influence changes in state of a tissue, are selected. Effects of drugs in the pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors are incorporated. A plurality of treatment protocols in a protocol space is generated. A best treatment protocol based on a pre-determined criteria is selected.
Oral food-supplemental amino-acid L-citrulline. 2 times 3g per day.
Athletes from Cohort I will be assigned to cohort IIa once they sustain an injury other than concussion. They will have been pulled out of the game by the athletic trainer and removed from play until at least the end of the game. Once the subjects have been assigned to Cohort IIa, they will have a BrainPulse recording and a symptom evaluation within 3 days of their injury. After two weeks of recovery, subjects in this cohort will return to Cohort 1 and resume their participation in the study in their respective sub-cohort.
A pharmaceutical composition of topically healing peptide components comprising a spirocyclic diketopiperazine peptide of 2 to 40 amino acids, which also comprises the amino acid arginine and the amino acid cysteine, for use in the topical treatment of skin defects and / or for the topical healing of wounds, the pharmaceutical composition is contained in a matrix of 0.001 to 50 mg per gram of matrix. It is used especially for healing chronic, inflamed and complicated wounds, but also common injuries, postoperative wounds and burns. In healthy patients, it shortens the healing time by almost a third, in difficult-to-heal wounds the mixture of topically healing peptide components shortens the healing time by up to 7 times. In chronic wounds, especially pressure ulcers and varicose ulcer, the pharmaceutical composition gives improved wound healing or even complete wound healing due to the action of the combination of peptide components. Preferably, the pharmaceutical composition comprises alaptide and is applied to the wound in a protein-carbohydrate gel sterile matrix which prevents the breakdown of the infection and thus allows more effective wound healing. The pharmaceutical mixture is also used topically in aesthetic medicine and cosmetics.
Potential subjects will be screened to determine eligibility. Immediately after consent and screening, an HLA-haploidentical donor will be identified and will complete eligibility screen and consent. At Day -7 the subject will undergo an inguinal lymph node biopsy and colonoscopy to obtain ileal and rectal biopsies. Blood samples will be obtained to measure chimerisms, plasma HIV RNA, and inflammatory cytokines. PBMCs will be obtained to sort into CD4 subsets and measure frequencies of HIV RNA and DNA. On Day -1, the donor will undergo apheresis and donor cells will be obtained and incubated overnight with IL-2. On Day 0 subjects will start aspirin and be infused with IL-2 activated NK cells. Subjects will receive 6 million units of IL-2 just after the infusion and they will be monitored on the Phase 1 Unit for 24 hours. Plasma will be obtained at 2 hrs, 4 hrs and the following morning and stored for measures of inflammatory markers. The subject will return to the outpatient clinic on days 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 after the infusion for administration of 6 million units of IL-2 and to obtain plasma and PBMC for measures of inflammatory markers and changes to the virus reservoir. On day 14 the subject will stop taking ASA and blood will be obtained to measure frequencies of HIV RNA and DNA. On day 21 will have a lymph node biopsy and colonoscopy to obtain ileal and rectal tissues. The patient will then be followed until day 100 post NK cell infusion. Subjects will return every 2 weeks for a toxicity assessment, blood draws, and viral level testing. Study participation will end after day 100.
The microenvironment created by tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) can support and regulate immune responses, affecting the prognosis and immune treatment of patients. Nevertheless, the actual importance of TLSs for predicting the prognosis of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) patients remains unclear. Herein, using spatial transcriptomic analysis, we revealed that a gene signature of TLSs specific to cHCC-CCA was associated with high-intensity immune infiltration. Then, a novel scoring system was developed to evaluate the distribution and frequency of TLSs in intra-tumoral and extra-tumoral regions (iTLS and eTLS scores) in 146 cHCC-CCA patients. iTLS score was positively associated with promising prognosis, likely due to the decreased frequency of suppressive immune cell like Tregs, and the ratio of CD163+ macrophages to macrophages in intra-tumoral TLSs via imaging mass cytometry, while improved prognosis is not necessarily indicated by a higher eTLS score. Overall, this study highlights the potential of TLSs as a prognostic factor and an indicator of immune therapy in cHCC-CCA.