anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Mental fatigue (MF) significantly affects both cognitive and physical performance. However, the precise mechanisms, particularly concerning neurotransmission, require further investigation. An implication of the role of dopamine (DA) and noradrenaline (NA) is stated, but empirical evidence for this theory still needs to be provided. To address this gap, we aim to investigate the role of brain neurotransmission in elucidating if, and how prolonged cognitive activity induces MF and its subsequent impact on cognitive performance.
METHODS: This study (registration number: G095422N) will adopt a randomized cross-over design with sixteen healthy participants aged 18-35 years. The sessions include a familiarization, two experimental (DA: 20mg Methylphenidate; NA: 8mg Reboxetine) conditions, and one placebo (lactose tablet: 10mg) condition. A 60-minute individualized Stroop task will be used to investigate whether, and how the onset of MF changes under the influence of reuptake inhibitors. Attention and response inhibition will be assessed before and after the MF-inducing task using a Go/NoGo task. The integration of physiological (electroencephalography, heart rate), behavioral (attention, response inhibition), and subjective indicators (scales and questionnaires) will be used to detect the underlying mechanisms holistically. Data analysis will involve linear mixed models with significance at p<0.05.
DISCUSSION: The integration of diverse techniques and analyses offers a comprehensive perspective on the onset and impact of MF, introducing a novel approach. Future research plans involve extending this protocol to explore the connection between brain neurotransmission and physical fatigue. This protocol will further advance our understanding of the complex interplay between the brain and fatigue.
BACKGROUND: For older, frail adults, exercise before surgery through prehabilitation (prehab) may hasten return recovery and reduce postoperative complications. We developed a smartwatch-based prehab program (BeFitMe) for older adults that encourages and tracks at-home exercise. The objective of this study was to assess patient perceptions about facilitators and barriers to prehab generally and to using a smartwatch prehab program among older adult thoracic surgery patients to optimize future program implementation.
METHODS: We recruited patients, aged ≥50 years who had or were having surgery and were screened for frailty (Fried's Frailty Phenotype) at a thoracic surgery clinic at a single academic institution. Semi-structured interviews were conducted by telephone after obtaining informed consent. Participants were given a description of the BeFitMe program. The interview questions were informed by The Five "Rights" of Clinical Decision-Making framework (Information, Person, Time, Channel, and Format) and sought to identify the factors perceived to influence smartwatch prehab program participation. Interview transcripts were transcribed and independently coded to identify themes in for each of the Five "Rights" domains.
RESULTS: A total of 29 interviews were conducted. Participants were 52% men (n = 15), 48% Black (n = 14), and 59% pre-frail (n = 11) or frail (n = 6) with a mean age of 68 ± 9 years. Eleven total themes emerged. Facilitator themes included the importance of providers (right person) clearly explaining the significance of prehab (right information) during the preoperative visit (right time); providing written instructions and exercise prescriptions; and providing a preprogrammed and set-up (right format) Apple Watch (right channel). Barrier themes included pre-existing conditions and disinterest in exercise and/or technology. Participants provided suggestions to overcome the technology barrier, which included individualized training and support on usage and responsibilities.
CONCLUSIONS: This study reports the perceived facilitators and barriers to a smartwatch-based prehab program for pre-frail and frail thoracic surgery patients. The future BeFitMe implementation protocol must ensure surgical providers emphasize the beneficial impact of participating in prehab before surgery and provide a written prehab prescription; must include a thorough guide on smartwatch use along with the preprogrammed device to be successful. The findings are relevant to other smartwatch-based interventions for older adults.
The study included 65 people who underwent contrast computerized tomography (CT). The study patients were divided into 4 groups. Patients in group 1 were using rivaroxaban (20 patients), patients in group 2 were using apixaban (20 patients), patients in group 3 were using edoxaban (20 patients), and group 4 was the control group (5 volunteers). Iohexol (60 ml) was used as a contrast agent. Two tubes were used to collect 2 ml of blood from the patients at 4 hours after the drug dose (rivaroxaban, apixaban, or edoxaban) and 1 hour after the contrast CT (CT was performed 3 hours after the drug was taken). In the control group, at any time and 1 hour after contrast CT, 2 tubes of 2 ml of blood were collected. The anticoagulant properties of rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban were evaluated using anti-factor Xa levels.
In high risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), International Prognostic Index (IPI)-score ≥ 3 21% of patients will relapse within 2-years after completion of R-CHOP induction treatment despite achieving a complete remission. Patient relapsing within a year after R-CHOP treatment have a very poor prognosis, even after second line chemotherapy, with only 15% of patients achieving a long remission. Therefore, additional therapy in first line treatment is required for these patients. The immune checkpoint inhibitor atezolizumab is a monoclonal antibody directed against the program death ligand 1 (PDL1). The PD1 and PDL1 inhibitors have shown excellent results in relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma and promising results in relapsed B-cell non Hodgkin lymphoma. Given the acceptable toxicity profile of atezolizumab, this study examines the efficacy and toxicity of atezolizumab as consolidation treatment after R-CHOP induction in DLBCL patients at high risk of relapse.
For those patients not achieving a CR or nPR (thus patients either achieved PR, SD, or PD), Alemtuzumab (Arm C) was administered three times a week for eighteen weeks at a dose of 30 mg TIW. For PR, SD and PD patients, the timing of CAMPATH-1H was left to the discretion of the investigator, and treatment could begin earlier but no less than two weeks and no longer than eight weeks after the completion of the last PCR course. Patients determined to have PD during treatment with PCR did not need to complete all 6 cycles of PCR to go on to Arm C, however, completing a minimum of 2 cycles was required.
Patients receive tremelimumab IV and durvalumab IV over 60 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 4 weeks for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then receive durvalumab IV over 60 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 4 weeks for up to 9 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Meloxicam Capsules are a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, available as yellow and green capsules containing 5 mg or 10 mg for oral administration. The chemical name is 4-Hydroxy-2-methyl-N-(5-methyl-2-thiazolyl)-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide-1,1-dioxide. The molecular weight is 351.40. Its molecular formula is C14H13N3O4S2, and it has the following chemical structure.

Meloxicam is a pale yellow powder, practically insoluble in water, with higher solubility observed in strong acids and bases. It is very slightly soluble in methanol. Meloxicam has a partition coefficient (Log P) = 2.662 ± 0.848 at 25°C. Meloxicam has pKa values of 1.1 and 4.2.

The inactive ingredients in meloxicam capsules include: crospovidone, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, povidone and sodium lauryl sulfate. The capsule shells contain D & C Yellow No. 10, FD & C Blue No. 1, FD & C Red No. 40 (for 10 mg strength only), FD & C Yellow No. 6 (for 5 mg strength only), gelatin and titanium dioxide. The imprinting on the gelatin capsules is black edible ink which contains black iron oxide, potassium hydroxide, propylene glycol, shellac and titanium dioxide. The 5 mg capsules have a yellow opaque cap and yellow opaque body, imprinted with "LU" on cap and "M76" on body in black ink. The 10 mg capsules have a green opaque cap and green opaque body, imprinted with "LU" on cap and "M78" on body in black ink.
An anhydrous liquid coating composition adapted for application to water-soluble tablets comprises one part by weight of a film-forming substance and from six to twenty parts by weight of a hard, water-soluble or water-dispersible component.  The composition may comprise 0.20 gm/cc. of the water-soluble or water-dispersible substance and from 0.01 to 0.03 gm/cc. of the film-forming substance in an anhydrous solvent which is not a solvent for the material of the tablet, e.g. acetone.  The water-soluble or water-dispersible substance is defined as being one or a mixture of a polyethylene glycol having a melting point of at least 50 DEG  C., glyceryl monostearate and diglycol stearate. Suitable film-forming substances are cellulose acetate-, propionate- or butyratephthalate resins as described in U.S.A. Specifications 2,093,462, 2,093,464 and 2,126,460.  Plasticizers, surface active agents, inert solids, colouring and flavouring agents may also be present.  Specification 762,229 is referred to.ALSO:A coated water-soluble tablet comprises a water-soluble solid core sealed with a coating material which comprises one part by weight of a film-forming substance and six to twenty parts by weight of a hard water-soluble or water-dispersible component. The core may be any water-soluble medicament e.g. toluidine blue or a salt thereof, or water-soluble vitamins, and is coated with a composition which comprises 0.20 gm./cc. of the water-soluble or water-dispersible substance and 0.01 to 0.03 gm./cc. of the film-forming substance in an anhydrous solvent which is not a solvent for the core material, e.g. acetone.  The water-soluble or water-dispersible substance is defined as being one or a mixture of a polyethylene glycol having a melting point of at least 50 DEG C., glyceryl monostearate and diglycol stearate.  Suitable film-forming substances are cellulose acetate, propionate or butyrate phthalates resins as described in U.S.A.  Specifications 2,093,462, 2,093,464 and 2,126,460, phthalic glyceride condensation products e.g. E.S.A. resin as described in U.S.A. Specification 2,205,111, and polyvinyl acetate Plasticizers, surface active agents, inert solids, and colouring and flavouring agents may also be added to the coating solution.  Specification 762,229 is referred to.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of preoperative vaginal cleansing with chlorhexidine and cetrimide solution on postoperative infectious morbidity.
METHODS: This prospective cohort study was conducted over a period of 18 months in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India. Women undergoing cesarean section were alternately allotted to study and control groups. Women with chorioamnionitis, antepartum hemorrhage, rupture of membranes for more than 24 h, and fever in the preoperative period were excluded. The study group received preoperative vaginal cleansing with antiseptic solution (7.5% chlorhexidine w/v and 15% cetrimide w/v); the control group did not receive vaginal cleansing. Both groups were followed for the presence of any infectious morbidity until they were discharged from the hospital.
RESULTS: Age, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters), gestational age, and the parity of the women in the study and control groups were comparable (n = 760). The rate of endometritis was lower in the study group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.054). Post-cesarean febrile morbidity and wound sepsis were significantly lower in the study group (P = 0.017 and P = 0.02, respectively). On subgroup analysis, women in the study group with rupture of the membranes before cesarean delivery had lower wound sepsis and a reduced duration of hospital stay. Women in the study group with emergency cesarean delivery showed a significant reduction in wound sepsis, febrile morbidity, and length of hospital stay.
CONCLUSION: Preoperative vaginal cleansing with chlorhexidine and cetrimide solution before a cesarean section reduces postoperative infectious morbidity.
AIM: Frailty is defined as extreme vulnerability, a syndrome that exposes the individual to a higher risk of disability. While risk factors for frailty have been gradually uncovered, the full identification of biochemical factors and co-morbidities influencing frailty remains incomplete.
METHODS: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were performed to elucidate the risk factors for the prevalence and progression of frailty. The study included 1035 Japanese female outpatients. At baseline, biochemical markers were measured. Co-morbidities included diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, vertebral osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis. Frailty levels were assessed using frailty scores ranging from 0 to 5. Prevalence of frailty was judged by a score of 3 or above, and progression was judged by an increase in the frailty score during the observation period. Multiple regression analysis was used for the cross-sectional analysis, and the Cox hazard model was used for the longitudinal analysis.
RESULTS: Of the 1035 selected participants, 212 were diagnosed with frailty. Advanced age and log IL-6 and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) levels were significant independent risk factors for frailty. Subjects were followed for 7.7 ± 5.9 years and progression was observed in 130 subjects. Older age, the absence of hyperlipidemia, the presence of osteoporosis, and lower frailty scores were identified as significant risk factors for frailty progression.
CONCLUSIONS: Inflammatory and nutritional markers exhibited significant associations with the current frailty status, whereas co-morbidities such as osteoporosis or hyperlipidemia emerged as independent risk or protective factors of future frailty progression. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 523-528.
The majority of children with cancer live in low and middle income countries (LMICs) where malnutrition, both under and over nutrition, is highly prevalent. Children who are malnourished while undergoing treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are shown to have chances of reduced survival. Children, who are malnourished at diagnosis, if the nutritional status is improved over the course of 6 months during the ALL treatment, have chances of similar survival as the ones who were nourished throughout. Therefore, it is important to study nutritional status in children with ALL, to understand and implement better treatment outcomes. Height and weight alone are considered incomprehensive in classifying nutritional status, especially in poorly nourished children. A more advanced nutritional assessment that distinguishes between fat and muscle mass is required. Treatment for ALL results in an increase in weight over the course of therapy with preferential gain in fat mass (FM) compared to fat free mass (FFM). Hence, there is a pressing need to advance nutritional assessment and implementation in pediatric oncology that includes monitoring of FM and FFM.
Striant® (testosterone buccal system) is designed to adhere to the gum or inner cheek. It provides a controlled and sustained release of testosterone through the buccal mucosa as the buccal system gradually hydrates. Insertion of Striant® twice a day, in the morning and in the evening, provides continuous systemic delivery of testosterone. 

Striant® is a white to off-white colored, monoconvex, tablet-like, mucoadhesive buccal system. Striant® adheres to the gum tissue above the incisors, with the flat surface facing the cheek mucosa. 

The active ingredient in Striant® is testosterone. Each buccal system contains 30 mg of testosterone. Testosterone USP is practically white crystalline powder chemically described as 17-beta hydroxyandrost-4-en-3one. 

Chemical Structure:

Other pharmacologically inactive ingredients in Striant® are anhydrous lactose NF, carbomer 934P, hypromellose USP, magnesium stearate NF, lactose monohydrate NF, polycarbophil USP, colloidal silicon dioxide NF, starch NF and talc USP.
Repetitive, stereotypical nightmares and insomnia commonly characterize post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Identifying the pathophysiological mechanisms of disrupted sleep in PTSD has therefore assumed considerable clinical importance. We previously reported an increase in rapid eye movement activity (REM activity) during REM sleep (REMS) in Vietnam War combat veterans with PTSD, and this finding can be seen as consistent with the view that most, although not all, dreaming occurs during REMS and the repeated observation that REM activity correlates with the intensity of dream mentation. There is a growing body of evidence that post-traumatic nightmares can respond to psychological treatment interventions. Namely, a cognitive-behavioral technique entitled imagery rehearsal (IR) has been reported to be effective in the treatment of such nightmares in victims of crime and in women who have been sexually assaulted. In a small pilot study, it has also been reported to be effective in the treatment of Vietnam veterans with combat-related PTSD. The two objectives of this proposal are: 1. To compare, in a study with random assignment and a parallel group design, the effectiveness in controlling the subjective sleep disturbance in veterans with PTSD of IR and Sleep and Nightmare Management (SN), a psychological treatment that targets life stressors and problems with sleep hygiene that may exacerbate insomnia and nightmares. 2. In a subset of these subjects, to compare the effectiveness in reducing REM activity of IR and SN.
The investigators use the cancer registration system of National Cheng Kung University Hospital to timely screen and evaluate those patients having breast cancer or lymphoma to enroll patients to participate in this clinical trial. Also, the Patient Recruitment System support to complete the patients' database. The investigators cooperate with other hospitals in South Taiwan to carry on an early phase clinical trial, named "Strategy by novel anti-heart failure therapy on early phase Cancer Therapeutics-Related Cardiac Dysfunction (CTRCD) patients" focusing on the either preventive strategy to earlier initiation of Sacubitril/Valsartan treatment on breast cancer and lymphoma patients before the chemotherapy, and starting therapeutic intervention by Sacubitril/Valsartan once the heart damage sign appeared via novel echocardiography, and collect clinical and genetic information from the enrolled patients. These patients randomized into 2 groups: cardioprotective drug vs. placebo. The regular assessment of cardiac function is as following: baseline (prior to anti-cancer treatment) and every 3 months. Thereafter. The investigators aim to assess the protective and/or therapeutic benefit of cardioprotective drugs on the cardiotoxicity of anti-cancer therapy.
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a severe inflammatory condition with a rising incidence and high mortality rates, especially in severe cases. Emodin (ED), known for its potent anti-inflammatory properties, holds promise in addressing AP. However, its clinical application is hindered by limitations such as low bioavailability and insufficient target specificity. Herein, we developed a novel drug delivery system using macrophage membrane-coated UiO-66-NH2 nanoparticles loaded with ED (MVs-UiO-ED). UiO-66-NH2 was successfully synthesized and characterized, revealing an octahedral structure with a suitable size distribution. The successful loading of ED onto UiO-66-NH2 was confirmed by ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy. Subsequently, MVs-UiO-ED was prepared by coating macrophage membrane-derived vesicles onto UiO-ED, resulting in a biomimetic delivery system. In vitro release studies demonstrated that MVs-UiO-ED exhibited a sustained-release profile, indicating its potential for prolonged drug circulation. An AP mouse model was established to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of MVs-UiO-ED. Compared with the model group, MVs-UiO-ED significantly reduced serum levels of α-amylase and lipase, two indicators of pancreatitis severity. Furthermore, histopathological examinations revealed that MVs-UiO-ED ameliorated pancreatic tissue damage. This study underscores the potential of MVs-UiO-ED as an effective therapeutic approach for AP.
Participants receive the standard of care recommendations for safe firearm storage device usage. In addition, the study intervention is the provision of a low cost ($5) firearm storage device (lock box, trigger lock and/or cable lock) for firearm storage at the time of enrollment.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject product, composed of a specific constitution and capable of manifesting therapeutic health actions and remarkable relaxing actions on lumbago, thigh pain, etc., supporting the gravity and relieving the load and burden. SOLUTION: This health band is composed by applying (A) a resin sheet of Eucommoides ulmoides Oliver, reinforced with a cloth base and containing a magnetic powder to (B) a wrap of a gauze containing a medicinal ingredient of the Eucommoides ulmoides Oliver and contains 100 pts.wt. resin of the Eucommoides ulmoides Oliver and 0-50 pts.wt. magnetic powder. The sheet A is preferably prepared by alternately superposing the resin sheet of the Eucommoides ulmoides Oliver, containing the magnetic powder and compression molding a uniform kneaded material of the resin of the Eucommoides ulmoides Oliver with the magnetic powder on a sheet obtained by dipping a woven fabric in an aqueous solution of a leaf of the Eucommoides ulmoides Oliver and/or a cortex thereof and then drying the sheet, laminating the sheets into 8-10 layers and subsequently press molding the laminate. The wrap B is preferably obtained by wrapping a crushed waste of the leaf, etc., of the Eucommoides ulmoides Oliver in an alcoholic extract solution of the leaf, etc., of the Eucommoides ulmoides Oliver with the gauze dipped in the extract solution and drying the gauze. The sheet A and the wrap B are preferably placed in pockets 1 and 2 applied to a connecting rubber band 3.
The invention is concerned with a kind of dan to cure bone injuries by activating blood and invigorating the kidney. It relates to 50 to 100 shares of notoginseng, 30 to 80 shares of prepared pangolin, 50 to 100 shares of Sanguis Draconis, 40 to 90 shares of safflower, 30 to 80 shares of dahurian angelica, 50 to 100 shares of deglued antler powder, 1 to 5 shares of musk, 40 to 90 shares of black catechu, 50 to 100 shares of rhizome of drynaria and 35 to 85 shares of liquorice in weight proportion. This dan speeds the union of bone injuries by invigorating the liver and kidney, activating blood and dispersing blood stasis, reducing swelling and easing pain. And it has perfect effect to necroses illness of bones, old fracture, especially old fracture over half year. Over 95 percent of stuffers form calluses after taking this medicine for 30 days. The stuffers of necroses illness of bones will get better by taking medicine for 60 days, and get well by taking medicine lasting for 2 years. It also has perfect effect for osteoporosis and swelling and pain of joint with 80 percent of curative ratio and 95 percent of effective rate.