anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Geriatric syndrome (GS) is the prevalence of a group of phenotypes in older people. Functional decline, cognitive impairment, and frailty are common phenotypes that burden individuals, families, and the healthcare system. Policies targeting GS require information on socioeconomic background of older people, which is scarce in Thailand. We investigated socioeconomic inequality associated with GS using the concentration index and further explained the contributions of socioeconomic status and sociodemographic variables to inequality. Nationally representative data of 7,365 individuals aged 60 years and above from the 5th National Health Examination Survey of 2013 were analyzed. The survey used a physical examination, blood test, and questionnaire interviews to elicit personal information, health status, and household assets. The wealth index was used as the main indicator of socioeconomic status, and participants with missing wealth index data were excluded. Three GS phenotypes-frailty, functional impairment (FI) and neurocognitive dysfunction (NCD)-were included. An indirectly standardized concentration index (Cis) and a 95% confidence interval were used to represent the horizontal equity of the three phenotypes. Contributions to the concentration index (CC)-contribution to a more or less equitable GS distribution-were decomposed and shown in terms of percentage and direction. All GS phenotypes were found to be concentrated in the elderly poor (Cis of FI, frailty, and NCD = -0.068, -0.092, and -0.182, respectively). Work status contributes to a more equitable GS distribution in all the phenotypes (%CC in FI, frailty, and NCD = -1.7%, -5.1%, and -2.0%, respectively), whereas types of insurance schemes made bidirectional contributions to the equity of GS. Policies should be adopted to help prevent GS among poor individuals, provide them with an equal opportunity of access to health schemes and ensure opportunities for older Thai individuals to work.
A formulation for a personal care product comprising: at least one anionic surfactant; at least one anionic gelling agent; at least one thickening agent; at least one humectant; and water. Preferably the at least one anionic surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate or sodium cocoyl isethionate or a mixture of the two. Preferably the at least one anionic gelling agent is a carrageenan, preferably a mixture of kappa- and iota-carrageenate. Preferably the at least one thickening agent is xanthan gum. Preferably the at least one humectant is a polyhydric alcohol, especially glycerine, propylene glycol, sorbitol, or a mixture thereof. The personal care composition may also comprise a fragrance, colourant, preservative, and flavour modifier. Also claimed is a method of making the personal care composition. The personal care composition is preferably a gelatinous soap.
Study subjects will self-administer oral domperidone 10mg four times a day. If symptoms persist for more than 7 days, the investigator may increase the dose to 20mg four times a day. 20mg four times a day will be the maximal dose. Subjects with signiﬁcant renal impairment will received a starting dose of 10mg twice a day. The maximal dose in subjects with signiﬁcant renal impairment will be 20mg twice a day.
Various forms of vascular endothelial growth factor genes and the proteins encoded by these genes are disclosed. More particularly, forms of human VEGF-A which contain exon 6b and do not contain exon 6a are disclosed, these forms of VEGF-A include VEGF-A138, VEGF-A162, and VEGF-A182. VEGF-A138 is the preferred form comprising exons 1-5, 6b and 8. Such VEGF isoforms may be used in treatment of cardiovascular diseases through effects on anatomy, conduit function, and permeability, and more particularly in the treatment of cardiovascular disease by stimulating vascular cell proliferation using a growth factor, thereby stimulating endothelial cell growth and vascular permeability. Also described are nucleic acids encoding the VEGF proteins, and vectors and cells, containing such nucleic acids. The polynucleotides can be used in the treatment of the cardiovascular diseases wherein the polynucleotides are coated onto an inflatable balloon catheter, and for enhancing drug permeation by tumors.
This randomised, open-label, multicentre,phase II trial began in December, 2022, as a neoadjuvant trial about short-course radiotherapy or long-course chemoradiation followed by mFOLFOXIRI consolidation chemotherapy,in patients aged 18 years to 70 with clinical stage II-III locally advanced low rectal cancer from six Chinese institutions.

Patients with local advanced rectal cancer (cT2-4aN0-2,M0, 8cm from the anus verge) were recruited. Patients receive short-course radiotherapy (25Gy/5 times) followed by consolidation chemotherapy lor ong-course chemoradiation (50Gy/25 times;capecitabine 825 mg/m² twice daily) with mFOLFOXIRI (Irinotecan 150 mg/m2 iv gtt (2h) d1, Oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 iv gtt (2h) d1, Calcium folinate 400 mg/m2 iv gtt (2h) d1, Total amount of fluorouracil 2400 mg/m2 iv gtt (48h)), treatment repeats every 14 days for 4 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The first efficacy evaluation occurs after the fourth chemotherapy cycle. Patients showing a complete response (CR), partial response (PR), or stable disease (SD) with reduction or stability in tumor size are advised to continue and complete all planned consolidation chemotherapy. However, if the evaluation indicates stable disease with an increase (SD increased) or progressive disease (PD), and if an R0 resection (complete removal of the tumor with no cancer cells at the margins) is feasible, radical total mesorectal excision (TME) should be pursued. In cases where R0 resection is not achievable, the treatment should align with the guidelines for managing unresectable rectal cancer. Upon the final efficacy assessment after the eighth chemotherapy cycle, several pathways are considered based on the outcomes: patients achieving a clinical complete response (cCR) may proceed to a Watch \& Wait approach. Those with a near clinical complete response (near cCR) undergo local transanal resection. If the patient's condition is evaluated as PR/SD with a reduction but does not qualify as near cCR, radical TME is recommended. For patients showing SD with an increase or PD, yet with a potential for R0 resection, radical TME is again the suggested course of action. If R0 resection is unattainable, treatment should adhere to the guidelines for unresectable rectal cancer.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogenous disease with a significant impact on patient quality of life and a substantial economic burden. CRS is associated with several systemic inflammatory conditions. We provide an updated review of CRS comorbidities as a springboard for future comorbidity mapping and potential therapeutics.
RECENT FINDINGS: The link between environmental allergies and CRS is most evident for central compartment atopic disease (CCAD) and allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) subtypes but remains inconclusive for CRS overall. The association between asthma and CRS, reinforced by the unified airway theory, is evidenced by their response to similar biologic therapies. Another lower respiratory tract disease, COPD, has up to a 50% co-occurrence with CRS and warrants careful screening and treatment. Eosinophilic esophagitis and CRS share eosinophilic inflammation in different sites, meriting further research. Obesity not only presents physiological challenges but also correlates with a more severe subset of CRS. Diabetes mellitus is associated with CRSwNP, possibly secondary to therapeutics with steroids. Autoimmunity may contribute to nasal polyp formation through cytokines such as B-cell activating factor (BAFF), offering potential for future therapeutics.  This review illustrates the need to employ a macroscopic approach in clinical decision making and treatment of CRS. Comorbidities may contribute to an overall proinflammatory state, magnify severity of symptoms, be a source of treatment resistance, and even an opportunity for future therapeutics.
Upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a malignant tumor originated from the epithelium of upper urinary tract (renal pelvis and ureter). The standard treatment of UTUC is radical nephroureterectomy with ipsilateral bladder cuff excision. For locally advanced disease, neoadjuvant chemotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy with radiotherapy is also a considerable treatment. In general, patients with UTUC are often diagnosed in a late stage with a poor survival.

Nowadays, immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) emerged huge success in treatment of various type of cancers, including metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Several anti-PD1 or PD-L1 agents demonstrated an exciting response for metastatic urothelial carcinoma. The encouraging success makes clinical trials moving forward to neoadjuvant setting. In the PURE-01 study, patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer received 3 cycles of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab achieving 39.5% pathological complete response (pCR). It brought a brand-new hope for organ-preservation treatment strategy. So far, neoadjuvant ICI has not been tested in patients with UTUC, irrespective for treatment efficacy or safety analysis. More importantly, there is still lack of reliable biomarkers to predict treatment response of ICI, which definitely an unmet medical need in clinical practice.

Therefore, the investigators proposed a phase II, open-label study of neoadjuvant nivolumab in locally advanced UTUC. Investigators believe that neoadjuvant nivolumab will achieve at least similar pCR rate compared with neoadjuvant pembrolizumab in UCB patients. Furthermore, investigators will conduct a comprehensive exploratory genomic analysis to identify the potential candidate biomarkers to predict the response of nivolumab.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pharmaceutical composition for treating middle-of-the-night (MOTN) insomnia, and a method for using the composition.SOLUTION: The invention provides a solid pharmaceutical composition including zolpidem, serving as sedative-hypnotics, or a salt thereof; and a method for using the pharmaceutical composition in a treatment of a subject who awakens from sleep, has difficulty in returning to sleep, and desires to resume sleep for less than 5 hours after awakening. The composition is suitable for administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of less than 1.30×10moles of zolpidem to induce effective sleep or a salt thereof. A step of dosing the composition is carried out after the subject awakens from sleep. The composition provides delivery of zolpidem via a subject's oral mucosa and dissolves or disintegrates in about 10 minutes or less in the subject's mouth. The usage preferably includes a dose permitting the subject to awaken at a time 4 hours after dosing without residual sedative effects. The composition is a lozenge or a tablet and preferably administered sublingually.
After the 1-year trial, half the participants who join the extension study will be randomized to phentermine 15.0 mg/d in a double-blind fashion, while continuing to take liraglutide. They will also continue to receive monthly lifestyle counseling. To be eligible for the extension study, participants must have been assigned to one of two medication groups in the original study.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the most common chronic airway disease, with a high prevalence and high disease burden. Clinical questions have driven advances in clinical research that continue to deepen our understanding of COPD. At the same time, new perspectives, evidence, and strategies have emerged. Studies since 2022 have increased knowledge of the impact of risk factors, such as low-to-moderate income and ambient ozone, on the prevalence of COPD. The effect of preterm birth on obstructive lung function deficits and COPD in the sixth decade of life was investigated for the first time. Screening studies for COPD in developed and low- and middle-income countries suggest the importance of tailoring screening strategies to local conditions. Developments in artificial intelligence provide a general framework for using machine-learning-based methods and medical record-based labels to improve disease prediction. New perspectives on endotypes/phenotypes and prognostic assessment of COPD were provided by lifetime spirometry patterns of obstruction and limitation, sensitisation to recombinant Aspergillus fumigatus allergens, airway-occluding mucus plugs and exacerbation history in COPD group A and B patients. Clinical trials focusing on inflammatory mediators, comorbidity treatment, non-pharmacological treatments, and environmental interventions shed light on some crucial and long-debated issues. Further research is needed for individualised diagnosis and treatment of COPD.
Adalimumab-aacf is a tumor necrosis factor blocker. Adalimumab-aacf is a recombinant human IgG1 monoclonal antibody created using phage display technology resulting in an antibody with human derived heavy and light chain variable regions and human IgG1:k constant regions. Adalimumab-aacf is produced by recombinant DNA technology in a mammalian cell (Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO)) expression system and is purified by a process that includes specific viral inactivation and removal steps. It consists of 1330 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 148 kilodaltons. 

IDACIO (adalimumab-aacf) injection is supplied as a sterile, preservative-free solution for subcutaneous administration. The drug product is supplied as either a single-dose, prefilled pen (IDACIO Pen), or as a single-dose, 1 mL prefilled glass syringe. Enclosed within the pen is a single-dose, 1 mL prefilled glass syringe. The solution of IDACIO is clear and colorless to pale yellow, with a pH of about 5.2. 

Each 40 mg/0.8 mL prefilled syringe or prefilled pen delivers 0.8 mL (40 mg) of drug product. Each 0.8 mL of IDACIO contains adalimumab-aacf (40 mg) and glacial acetic acid (0.5 mg), trehalose (54.8 mg), polysorbate 80 (0.8 mg), sodium chloride (2.3 mg), and Water for Injection. Sodium hydroxide is added to adjust pH.
As adiposity increases in youth, so does the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs). The etiology of adiposity-based chronic disease and CMRFs includes ethnoracial disparities that are rarely considered in current treatment approaches. Precision interventions require further characterization of these disparities among high-risk youth. The objective of this study was to characterize differences in CMRF among African American (AA) and Hispanic (H) adolescents with varying levels of adiposity. A cross-sectional analysis of 2284 adolescents aged 12-17 was conducted using 3-year clinical data from Lifedoc Health. CMRF prevalence were compared using χ2, with logistic regression models (LRM) applied to explore the relationships between exposures (age, sex, ethnoracial group, adiposity) and CMRF outcomes. Prevalence of CMRF rose with increasing adiposity, which was the strongest determinant of risk overall. However, individual risk profiles differed between the two groups, with H having higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), higher triglycerides and liver enzymes, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). Meanwhile, AA had higher prevalence of elevated blood pressure (BP) in the overweight category, prediabetes in overweight to severe obesity, and type 2 diabetes in obesity. LRM showed 3.0-fold greater chance of impaired glucose metabolism in AA than H, who were 1.7, 5.9, and 8.3 times more likely to have low HDL-c, high liver enzymes, and high triglycerides, respectively. Overweight/obesity prevalence was very high among AA and H adolescents. Excess adiposity was associated with an increased prevalence of CMRF, with individual risk factors differing between groups as adiposity increased. Research within routine clinical settings is required to better characterize these discrepancies and ameliorate their adverse impact on health in the transition to adulthood.
The incidence of thyroid carcinoma (TC) has exhibited a rapid increase in recent years. A proportion of TCs exhibit aggressive behavior. The present study aimed to investigate the potential role of hypoxia‑hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit α (HIF‑1α)‑periostin axis in the progression of TC. The upregulation of periostin and HIF‑1α expression levels was detected in 95 clinical TC tissues as compared with normal thyroid tissues. Hypoxia promoted the viability and invasion of TC cells and this effect was inhibited by the downregulation of periostin. Hypoxia also induced the Warburg effect in TC and this effect was inhibited by the silencing of periostin. Further investigations revealed that hypoxia activated HIF‑1α, which in turn regulated the expression of periostin. Immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that HIF‑1α upregulated the expression of periostin by binding to the promoter of periostin. On the whole, these findings suggest the existence of a hypoxia‑HIF‑1α‑periostin axis in TC and indicate the role of this axis in the progression of TC.
Acute leukemia (AL) is the most common cancer in children. Despite the optimization of chemotherapy treatments and the development of supportive care, a certain number of AL's relapse and/or progress to death of the child. It therefore seems essential to try to better understand the physiopathology and the mechanisms of resistance to treatment of these diseases. The study of the microenvironment appears in this context as a promising avenue. The bone marrow microenvironment is composed of an extracellular matrix and cells, in particular mesenchymal stromal stem cells (MSC's). In adult acute leukemia, it has been clearly demonstrated that these microenvironment cells are reprogrammed by leukemia cells to allow the development and proliferation of the latter. Links have also been demonstrated in acute leukemia between the cells of the microenvironment and resistance to chemotherapy. In a certain number of cases, the support of the microenvironment for the development of leukemia or resistance to chemotherapy involves modulation of the energy metabolism of leukemia cells. This notably involves interactions between leukemic cells and MSCs and re-programming of the energy metabolism of the latter. To date, there are only very few studies concerning the role of the microenvironment in acute childhood leukemia and none to date has specifically studied the energy metabolism (oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis) of MSCs.
The participant underwent aerobic exercises, either by running on a treadmill or on a regular floor surface. Each training session began with a 5-minute warm-up comprising stretching exercises. In weeks 1-4, moderate intensity was maintained, targeting 40-50% of the heart rate reserve (HRR) for a duration of 60 minutes. From weeks 5-8, the intensity increased to the range of 51-60% of the heart rate reserve, and a 5-minute cool down was added.
Reperfusion stands as a pivotal intervention for ischemic heart disease. However, the restoration of blood flow to ischemic tissue always lead to further damage, which is known as myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). Ramelteon is an orally administered drug used to improve sleep quality, which is famous for its high bioadaptability and absence of notable addictive characteristics. However, the specific mechanism by which it improves MIRI is still unclear. Sirtuin-3 (Sirt3), primarily located in mitochondria, is crucial in mitigating many cardiac diseases, including MIRI. Based on the structure of Sirt3, we simulated molecular docking and identified several potential amino acid binding sites between it and ramelteon. Therefore, we propose a hypothesis that ramelteon may exert cardioprotective effects by activating the Sirt3 signaling pathway. Our results showed that the activation levels and expression level of Sirt3 were significantly decreased in MIRI tissue and H2O2 stimulated H9C2 cells, while ramelteon treatment upregulated Sirt3 activity and expression. After treat with 3-TYP, a classic Sirt3 activity inhibitor, we constructed myocardial ischemia/reperfusion surgery in vivo and induced H9C2 cells with H2O2 in vitro. The results showed that the myocardial protection and anti-apoptotic effects of ramelteon were antagonized by 3-TYP, indicating that the activation of Sirt3 is a key mechanism for ramelteon to exert myocardial protection. In summary, our results confirm a novel mechanism by which ramelteon improves MIRI by activating Sirt3 signaling pathway, providing strong evidence for the treatment of MIRI with ramelteon.
The HINTS intervention consisted of an online four-session group intervention for 45 minutes, twice a week for two weeks. In each session, facilitators presented information, motivational skills, and behavioral skills related to a specific topic relevant to online partner seeking and transmission risk reduction, including Internet safety and communication, condom negotiation, and serostatus disclosure.
BACKGROUND: The landscape of biologic agents for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) associated colitis is rapidly evolving, requiring surgeons to be up-to-date as part of multi-disciplinary, evidence-based care. An update on novel therapies used to induce remission in IBD-associated colitis is presented.
METHODS: A systematic search through Ovid MEDLINE and CENTRAL using a combination of MeSH terms and Boolean operators was conducted.
RESULTS: One thousand and twenty articles from which 38 articles were selected for inclusion in this review. Novel agents were trialled as 4th or 5th line treatment following conventional treatment failure. Rates of serious adverse effects were low. Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors (upadacitinib and tofacitinib) were efficacious in inducing remission in ulcerative colitis, and IL-23p19 inhibitors (mirikizumab, guselkumab, and risankizumab) in Crohn's colitis. Evidence was limited for other drug classes.
CONCLUSION: JAK-inhibitors and IL-23p19 inhibitors were found to be the most effective agents for inducting remission following failure of standard of care treatment. A significant proportion of patients did not respond, highlighting the inherent challenge in optimizing treatment for moderate to severe IBD-associated colitis. More robust study designs and comparator trials are required.
The present invention provides a recombinant protein in genetic engineering, which is a recombinant human A20 protein (recombinant human A20, rhA20). The present invention belongs to the field of genetic engineering products and applications thereof. The present invention is the recombinant protein formed by combining a transmembrane structural domain of HIV-1 Tat and a human A20 anti-inflammation functional domain. The present invention also provides an amino acid sequence of the recombinant protein. The recombinant protein has the functions of actively entering mammalian cells, restraining the activity of a nuclear transcription factor NF-kB, and reducing the expression of inflammatory cytokine. The present invention is suitable for treating various inflammation diseases clinically, and is particularly suitable for treating systemic uncontrollable inflammation.