anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy and tolerability of DITROPAN® XL 10 mg once-daily and DETROL® LA 4 mg once-daily in the reduction of urge urinary incontinence episodes in female patients with overactive bladder. This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study with two active treatments. Screened patients are qualified for the study based on information obtained from seven consecutive 24-hour urinary diaries completed during the Baseline Week, and other eligibility criteria. Qualifying patients receive 12 weeks of treatment with DITROPAN® XL or DETROL® LA, with clinical visits at the end of Weeks 2, 4, 8, and 12.

Safety evaluations during the study include the collection of adverse events, laboratory tests including blood chemistry and urinalysis, physical examinations, vital signs (blood pressure and heart rate) and post-void residual urine volume. Over-encapsulated DITROPAN® XL, 10 mg tablets once-daily by mouth or over-encapsulated DETROL® LA, 4 mg capsules once daily by mouth. The treatment phase of the study runs for 12 weeks.
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) is known to induce severe tissue damage, notably through mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial transplantation has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in cardiac IR; however, few studies have previously assessed its efficacy in the context of peripheral IR. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effect of mitochondrial transplantation in a hindlimb model of IR injury. Thirty-six SWISS mice were divided into three groups: control (CTL, n = 12), ischemia-reperfusion (IR, n = 12), and IR with mitochondrial transplantation (MT, n = 12). Ischemia (2 h) was induced using the tourniquet model around the right hind limb in the IR and MT groups. In MT group, mitochondria isolated from the right rectus muscle, a nonischemic region, were injected shortly before reperfusion. Mitochondrial respiration, calcium retention capacity, and Western blotting analysis were performed 2 h after reperfusion. Compared with the CTL group, IR led to a decrease in the mitochondrial respiratory capacity, particularly for the basal state (-30%; P = 0.015), oxidative phosphorylation (-36%; P = 0.024), and calcium retention capacity (-45%; P = 0.007). Interestingly, mitochondrial transplantation partially restored these functions since no differences between MT and CTL groups were found. In addition, the administration of healthy mitochondria resulted in a positive regulation of redox balance and mitochondrial dynamics within the skeletal muscle. Although further investigations are needed to better characterize underlying mechanisms, mitochondrial transplantation represents a promising strategy in the setting of IR-induced muscular damage.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Ischemia-reperfusion injury leads to severe muscular damage. Even if prompt revascularization is the treatment of choice, muscular alterations can lead to severe sequalae as mitochondrial dysfunction. Accordingly, adjunctive strategies are needed to overcome the muscular damage. Mitochondrial transplantation has shown beneficial effects in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion, but its role in peripheral muscle is not well established. In this study, we found that mitochondrial transplantation partially restored muscular function when submitted to ischemia reperfusion.
Apparatus for providing a living being with an implant which is absorbed into the body. The implant is situated in the body adjacent the outer skin. The implant is injected in a liquid, molten condition, but assumes a solid condition at body temperature. The composition of the implant is such that the implant will be absorbed by the body at a greater rate when the temperature of the implant is increased. By situating the implant adjacent the outer skin it is possible to elevate the temperature at the outer skin so as to increase the rapidity with which the implant is absorbed by the body. A syringe which contains the implant in solid condition is provided with a heating structure which is operated for the purpose of converting the composition into a liquid molten condition in preparation for injecting the composition into body tissue.
Sevoflurane will be initiated, at 8% for anesthesia induction until loss of consciousness will achieve, at which point it will be discontinued. Placebo is 0.9% saline. After the loss of consciousness saline will be administered to Group sevoflurane-saline in the form of intravenous bolus.
Oxaliplatin (OXA) has shown high effectiveness in the treatment of cancers, but its anticancer clinical effects often induce neurotoxicity leading to neuropathic pain. Oxidative damage and NLRP3 inflammasome play important roles in neuropathic pain development. Here, neuropathic pain mouse model was constructed by continuous intraperitoneal injection of OXA. OXA administration induced mechanical pain, spontaneous pain, thermal hyperalgesia and motor disability in mice. The spinal cord tissues of OXA mice exhibited the suppressed antioxidative response, the activated NLRP3 inflammasome mediated inflammatory responses, and the increased GSK-3β activity. Next, we injected curcumin (CUR) intraperitoneally in OXA mice for seven consecutive days. CUR-treated mice showed increased mechanical pain thresholds, reduced number of spontaneous flinches, increased paw withdrawal latency, and restored latency to fall. While in the spinal cord, CUR treatment inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome mediated inflammatory response, increased Nrf2/GPX4-mediated antioxidant responses, and decreased mitochondrial oxidative generation. Additionally, CUR combined with GSK-3β through four covalent bonds and reduced GSK-3β activity. In conclusion, our findings suggest that CUR treatment inhibits GSK-3β activation, increases Nrf2 mediated antioxidant responses, inhibits oxidative damage and inflammatory reaction, and alleviates OXA-induced neuropathic pain.
The gut plays a key role in regulating metabolic health. Dietary factors disrupt intestinal physiology and contribute to obesity and diabetes, whereas bariatric procedures such as vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) cause gut adaptations that induce robust metabolic improvements. However, our understanding of these adaptations at the cellular and molecular levels remains limited. In a validated murine model, we leverage single-cell transcriptomics to determine how VSG impacts different cell lineages of the small intestinal epithelium. We define cell type-specific genes and pathways that VSG rescues from high-fat diet perturbation and characterize additional rescue-independent changes brought about by VSG. We show that Paneth cells have increased expression of the gut peptide Reg3g after VSG. We also find that VSG restores pathways pertaining to mitochondrial respiration and cellular metabolism, especially within crypt-based cells. Overall, our study provides unprecedented molecular resolution of VSG's therapeutic effects on the gut epithelium.
BACKGROUND: Auxiliary diagnosis of different types of cystic lung diseases (CLDs) is important in the clinic and is instrumental in facilitating early and specific treatments. Current clinical methods heavily depend on accumulated experience, restricting their applicability in regions with less developed medical resources. Thus, how to realize the computer-aided diagnosis of CLDs is of great clinical value.
PURPOSE: This work proposed a deep learning-based method for automatically segmenting the lung parenchyma in computed tomography (CT) slice images and accurately diagnosing the CLDs using CT scans.
METHODS: A two-stage deep learning method was proposed for the automatic classification of normal cases and five different CLDs using CT scans. Lung parenchyma segmentation is the foundation of CT image analysis and auxiliary diagnosis. To meet the requirements of different sizes of the lung parenchyma, an adaptive region-growing and improved U-Net model was employed for mask acquisition and automatic segmentation. The former was achieved by a self-designed adaptive seed point selection method based on similarity measurement, and the latter introduced multiscale input and multichannel output into the original U-Net model and effectively achieved the lightweight design by adjusting the structure and parameters. After that, the middle 30 consecutive CT slice images of each sample were segmented to obtain lung parenchyma, which was employed for training and testing the proposed multichannel parallel input recursive MLP-Mixer network (MPIRMNet) model, achieving the computer-aided diagnosis of CLDs.
RESULTS: A total of 4718 and 16 290 CT slice images collected from 543 patients were employed to validate the proposed segmentation and classification methods, respectively. Experimental results showed that the improved U-Net model can accurately segment the lung parenchyma in CT slice images, with the Dice, precision, volumetric overlap error, and relative volume difference of 0.96 ± 0.01, 0.93 ± 0.04, 0.05 ± 0.02, and 0.05 ± 0.03, respectively. Meanwhile, the proposed MPIRMNet model achieved appreciable classification effect for normal cases and different CLDs, with the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1 score of 0.8823 ± 0.0324, 0.8897 ± 0.0325, 0.9746 ± 0.0078, and 0.8831 ± 0.0334, respectively. Compared with classical machine learning and convolutional neural networks-based methods for this task, the proposed classification method had a preferable performance, with a significant improvement of accuracy of 10.74%.
CONCLUSIONS: The work introduced a two-stage deep learning method, which can achieve the segmentation of lung parenchyma and the classification of CLDs. Compared to previous diagnostic tasks targeting single CLD, this work can achieve various CLDs' diagnosis in the early stage, thereby achieving targeted treatment and increasing the potential and value of clinical applications.
Patients receive recombinant vaccinia-TRICOM vaccine 2 x 10\^8 PFU subcutaneously (SC) on day 1. Patients also receive recombinant fowlpox-TRICOM vaccine 1 x 10\^9 PFU SC on days 15 and 29 and sargramostim (GM-CSF)100 mcg/injection SC x 4 days. Treatment with recombinant fowlpox-TRICOM vaccine and GM-CSF\* repeats every 4 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also receive samarium Sm 153 lexidronam pentasodium 1 mCi/Kg as in arm I.
Patients attend a simulation visit and undergo two CT scans, one in the prone position and one in the supine position with DIBH. Within 1 week after the simulation visit, patients undergo radiation therapy either in the supine position with DIBH or in the prone position daily for 15-30 consecutive days as per physician's prescription.
The invention relates to an intelligent nano-medicament delivery system with pH responsiveness and a preparation method and application thereof. The delivery system comprises a nano-medicament carrier and a medicament encapsulated in the carrier, wherein the carrier is formed by a dendritic polymer and a molecular ligand connected to the carrier; the dendritic polymer is a polyamide-imide dendritic polymer or a polyamide-imide dendritic polymer containing cholate acid terminal group; and the molecular ligand is citraconic acid or 3, 4, 5, 6-tetrahydro benzoic acid. The medicament is an anti-tumor medicament or an induced differentiation medicament. The medicament delivery system is prepared by modifying a lower-generation polyamide-imide dendritic polymer, and the preparation process is simple. An experiment proves that the system plays a good cell delivery role on the anti-tumor medicament or a tumor differentiation medicament. The effect of the anti-tumor medicament can be effectively improved, the induced differentiation capability of an anti-differentiation medicament on cancer cells is improved, the toxic and side effect in an organism is small and the system can be used for treating cancers.
BACKGROUND: The role of DNA repair mechanisms is of significant importance in diseases characterized by elevated oxidative DNA damage, such as chronic kidney disease. It is imperative to thoroughly understand the functions of molecules associated with DNA repair mechanisms, not only for assessing susceptibility to diseases but also for monitoring disease progression. In this research, we investigated the APE1 and OGG1 gene expression levels, both of which are involved in the base excision repair (BER) mechanism in chronic hemodialysis patients with malignancy (HPM; n = 8) and without malignancy (HP; n = 36) in pre- and post-dialysis period and 37 healty persons. We also assessed how these values correlate with the clinical profiles of the patients.
METHODS AND RESULTS: We conducted gene expression analysis using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). No significant differences in APE1 gene expression levels were observed in pre-dialysis when comparing the HP and HPM groups to the control group. The expression levels of the OGG1 gene were significantly lower in both the HP and HPM groups in pre- and post-dialysis periods compared to the control group. Dialysis procedures led to a reduction in APE1 and OGG1 gene expression levels in both HP and HPM groups.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of our study elucidate the impact of alterations in the base excision repair (BER) mechanism, including the hemodialysis process, in end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
This group includes 12 weeks of eating disorder therapy provided to the patient. Outside of therapy, parents will have access to a coach and patients will have access to weekly educational material.
PURPOSE:To obtain an oil gelatinizing agent useful as a base for lubricating oil, perfume, cosmetic, gel aroma, etc., capable of forming transparent and stable oil gel, having low toxicity and skin irritation and high safety, consisting of a specific monoalkylphosphoric ester salt. CONSTITUTION:The aimed oil gelatinizing agent consisting of a monoalkylphosphoric ester salt (e.g. disodium mono 2-hexyldecylphosphate, etc.) shown by the formula (R is 8-36C branched chain alkyl or alkenyl; X is alkali metal, alkanolamine, basic amino acid with the proviso that one of two X may be H). An oil-containing system is blended with preferably 0.1-10 pts.wt. of the gelatinizing agent, dissolved under heating and then allowed to cool to give (semi)transparent oil gel.
Two cases of pediatric overdosage have been reported. A 3-year-old male who ingested 2 grams of Asacol tablets was treated with ipecac and activated charcoal; no adverse events occurred. Another 3-year-old male, approximately 16 kg, ingested an unknown amount of a maximum of 24 grams of Asacol crushed in solution (i.e., uncoated mesalamine); he was treated with orange juice and activated charcoal, and experienced no adverse events. In dogs, single doses of 6 grams of delayed-release Asacol tablets resulted in renal papillary necrosis but were not fatal. This was approximately 12.5 times the recommended human dose (based on a dose of 2.4 g/day in a 50 kg person). Single oral doses of uncoated mesalamine in mice and rats of 5000 mg/kg and 4595 mg/kg, respectively, or of 3000 mg/kg in cynomolgus monkeys, caused significant lethality.
Either gemcitabine plus carboplatin or pembrolizumab as standard of care. Gemcitabine 1000 mg/meters squared (m\^2) IV over 30 minutes on Days 1 and 8, followed by carboplatin (dosed to target area under the concentration-time curve \[AUC\] of 5 mg/milliliters \[mL\]/minute \[min\] or 4.5 mg/mL/min if required per local guidelines) on Day 1 or 2 of each 3-week cycle. Pembrolizumab 200 mg IV on Day 1 of each 21-day treatment cycle for up to 35 cycles or disease progression.
GVOKE injection is supplied as a clear, colorless to pale yellow solution in the following configurations:

Store GVOKE at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted between 15° and 30°C (59° and 86°F). Do not refrigerate or freeze. Do not expose to extreme temperatures.

Store the GVOKE HypoPen and pre-filled syringe in the original sealed foil pouch until time of use. Store the vial and pouched syringe together in original carton until time of use. Discard any unused portion.
Tacrolimus may cause a spectrum of neurotoxicities, particularly when used in high doses. The most severe neurotoxicities include posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), delirium, and coma. Patients treated with tacrolimus have been reported to develop PRES. Symptoms indicating PRES include headache, altered mental status, seizures, visual disturbances and hypertension. Diagnosis may be confirmed by radiological procedure. If PRES is suspected or diagnosed, blood pressure control should be maintained and immediate reduction of immunosuppression is advised. This syndrome is characterized by reversal of symptoms upon reduction or discontinuation of immunosuppression. 

Coma and delirium, in the absence of PRES, have also been associated with high plasma concentrations of tacrolimus. Seizures have occurred in adult and pediatric patients receiving tacrolimus [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. 

Less severe neurotoxicities, include tremors, paresthesias, headache, and other changes in motor function, mental status, and sensory function [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. Tremor and headache have been associated with high whole blood concentrations of tacrolimus and may respond to dosage adjustment.
PURPOSE:To produce an emulsified composition easily capable of production even if the oil content having large extent HLB is incorporated, stable and also low in irritation to skin by using a material prepared from a specific amphoteric polymer and a specific higher fatty acid. CONSTITUTION:This amphoteric polymer is a polymer soluble or dispersible in water or alcohol, and contains the unit expressed by formula I. Here, R1 is hydrogen atom or methyl group, each of R2 and R5 is a 1-4C alkylene group, each of R3 and R4 is hydrogen atom or a 1-4C alkyl group and A is oxygen atom or NH group or notching. This higher fatty acid is expressed by formula II. Here, R6 is a satd. or unsatd. straight chain or branched or hydroxylated hydrocarbon having average carbon number of 7-25. The higher fatty acid is added to the aq. soln. of the amphoteric polymer while stirring, then, by subjecting the mixture to a centrifugal separation, a new conjugate material is separated as a solid, so recovered easily.
This is a randomized, double-blind study evaluating the effectiveness of BSF 208075 in treating patients with moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension. A four-week Screening Period will be followed by 12 weeks of Treatment. After a subject qualifies for the study, the subject will be randomized to one of four doses of BSF 208075 (1.0, 2.5, 5.0 or 10.0 mg po qd). Subjects randomized to the 1.0 or 2.5 mg dose groups will receive their respective doses of BSF 208075 each day throughout the 12-week Treatment Period. Subjects in the two other dose groups will begin treatment at 2.5 mg per day for two weeks and then their dose will be increased to 5.0 mg for an additional two weeks. After two weeks of treatment at 5.0 mg, subjects randomized to the 10.0 mg dose group will undergo a final up-titration. After reaching the randomized dose level, subjects will receive their assigned dose throughout the Treatment Period. Subjects will remain on the randomized treatment through Week 12. In the event that a subject is not tolerating study drug, dose adjustment is permitted during the Treatment Period. Upon completion of the 12-week Treatment Period subjects will either complete a four-week Down-titration Period or enter an optional 12-week Open-label Extension. All subjects that choose to participate in the Open-label Extension will be unblinded and have their dose of BSF 208075 optimized based on the subjects response during the Treatment Period.
Arm 1 patients will be treated using a daily mirtazapine treatment. Treatment will be taken on the evening. Treatment will be initiated at 15 mg daily and gradually increased depending on symptom control and side effects. Treatment doses will be adapted for old patients and those with liver failure.
The overall goal of this study is to understand the role of oxidative stress as a potential therapeutic target in the pathogenesis of chronic beryllium disease (CBD). CBD is an inflammatory hypersensitivity lung disease that occurs in an estimated 800,000 beryllium-exposed workers in the United Sates. CBD is characterized by the presence of pulmonary non-caseating granulomas with accumulation of macrophages and beryllium specific CD4+ T cells (Newman et al. 1998). Upon beryllium stimulation in vitro, beryllium specific CD4+ T cells proliferate and produce Th1 cytokines (i.e. TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2) at unusually high levels (Tinkle et al. 1997). The molecular mechanism(s) by which beryllium regulates the chronic production of these cytokines is unknown. Exciting preliminary studies indicate that beryllium alters the redox status of T cells which may adversely modulate the immune response in CBD. Based on these points, a novel hypothesis is proposed: 1) oxidative stress enhances the T cells response to antigen and this enhancement may explain both the excessive cytokine response and the pathogenesis of pulmonary granulomas in CBD and; 2) an inherent difference in T cell antioxidant status is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of CBD. This proposal is a pilot clinical trial examining an approved drug for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (5-amino salicylic acid, 5-ASA), which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, as a potential new approach for CBD treatment. In this clinical trial, 40 CBD subjects already treated with prednisone, will be treated with either placebo or 5-ASA to determine it effects on the beryllium stimulated immune response in the lung by undergoing bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage and in blood by undergoing venipuncture before and after 6 weeks of treatment with 5-ASA. As a secondary outcome, we will also assess subjects clinical response to this short course of 5-ASA using spirometry. Bronchoscopies are optional. Patients have the option to participate by undergoing venipuncture and lung function tests only.
OBJECTIVES: To examine the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in patients with juvenile fibromyalgia syndrome (JFS) and identify TMD characteristics specifically associated to JFS.
METHODS: Signs and symptoms of TMD were assessed using a novel clinical tool specifically devised for children that consists of: 1. a self-report multiple-choice questionnaire; 2. a protocol for the clinical examination of the orofacial region. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify TMD features associated with JFS.
RESULTS: Thirty JFS patients (median age 15.5 years) and 45 healthy controls (median age 15.0 years) were included in this cross-sectional study. Orofacial pain was reported by 26 of 30 JFS patients (86.7%) and by 3 of 45 controls (6.7%; p<0.001). Pain on TMJ palpation was present in 18 of 30 JFS patients (60%) and in 5 of 45 controls (11.1%; p<0.001). Median values of maximum spontaneous mouth opening, voluntary active opening and assisted passive opening were significantly higher in JFS patients than in controls. On multiple regression analysis spontaneous orofacial pain (OR: 21.0; p=0.005), diffuse tenderness on palpation of the masticatory muscles (OR: 14.9; p=0.026) and TMJ hypermobility (OR 1.42; p=0.008) were independently associated with JFS.
CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of TMD in JFS highlights the need for a broader interdisciplinary evaluation of JFS patients. TMJ hypermobility, in addition to orofacial and masticatory muscle pain, is an important clue for the diagnosis of TMD in adolescents with JFS. Elucidating the link between these disorders will advance individualised management and improve treatment efficacy.