anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of obesity on fetal cortical development.
METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 91 pregnant women. Fetal neurosonography scans were performed in the third trimester, and according to body mass index (BMI) values, the patients were evaluated in two groups: obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and normal weight (BMI < 30 kg/m2). During neurosonography, fetal insular depth and Sylvian fissures, parieo-occipital and cingulate fissure depth, frontal lobe length, and the sizes of the corpus callosum and cavum septum pellucidum were measured using a transvaginal approach. Fetal cortical development and Sylvian fissure operculization were graded.
RESULTS: The number of patients with grade 2 fetal cortical development was significantly higher among the pregnant women in the obese group compared to the normal weight group (n = 17, 41.5% and n = 8, 16.0%, respectively; p = 0.007). In the obese group, the number of pregnant women with grade 4 or below fetal Sylvian fissure operculization was significantly higher (n = 13, 31.7%), and the number of those with grade 9 or above operculization was significantly lower (n = 1, 2.5%) (p = 0.003). The fetal insular depth, frontal lobe anterior-posterior diameter, cingulate fissure depth, and corpus callosum thickness were lower in the obese group, albeit with no significant difference. Parieto-occipital depth significantly decreased in the obese group [6.8 (6) mm)] compared to the control group [10.5 (7.2) mm)] (p = 0.008). The fetal Sylvian fissure ratio and the cavum septum pellucidum ratio were found to be similar between the groups.
CONCLUSION: The data obtained from this study showed that obesity caused fetal cortical changes in pregnant women.
FIELD: venereal diseases. SUBSTANCE: venereal pathogenic organisms are revealed in smears taken from mucosa membranes and secretions of urogenital system. Preliminarily, therapeutic dozes of proteolytic enzymes chemotrypsin, trypsin, and papain are introduced into body for 3-7 days. This increases reliability of revealing infections with no undesired side-effects and enables detecting pathogenic organisms even when no apparent symptoms are available. EFFECT: improved reliability. 1 tbl
Health Extension Workers (HEWs) will conduct home visits to remind participants of their scheduled follow-up appointments. Scheduled initially at 4 months post-recruitment for HIV-negative women and 2 months for HIV-positive women, followed by visits every 2 months for 6 months for HIV-positive individuals and every 4 months for 12 months for HIV-negative individuals.
Haemorrhagic shock, which arises as a complication of pelvic fracture subsequent to severe trauma, represents a perilous state. The utilization of interventional endovascular haemostasis assumes a pivotal role in the management of patients with vascular injury following pelvic fracture. This article reports the treatment of a patient with pelvic fracture caused by a serious work-related vehicle accident. Despite the implementation of timely blood and fluid transfusion to combat shock, the application of aortic balloon obstruction, and interventional iliac artery embolization for haemostasis, the patient's condition failed to display any discernible improvement. Repeat angiography further revealed a displacement of the interventional embolization material, and the patient subsequently died of multiple organ failure. The occurrence of spring coil displacement is infrequent, but the consequences thereof are considered grave, necessitating meticulous discernment in the selection of haemostatic materials for this type of patient. The diagnostic and therapeutic processes encompassing the particular case described here were analysed and are discussed with the objective of augmenting the efficacy and success rate of treatment modalities for patients in similar circumstances.
Patients who have been identified as having MNGIE by genetic testing and/or reduced thymidine phosphorylase levels will be considered for this study. The study team physician will evaluate the condition of the patient and determine if they are eligible. An HLA matched donor is necessary for transplantation. If a suitable donor is found the transplant process can proceed. The patient receives immunosuppressive therapy ( 1 week in the hospital) with subsequent IV transfer of stem cells from the donor. The patient remains in the hospital for approximately 1 month to monitor the transplant. The patient is required to attend research visits at days 0, 100, 6m, 18m and 24 m.
Pain levels will be tested with VAS 10 minutes before the surgery, and anxiety levels with the VAS-A and Spielberg Continuous Anxiety Scale. The patient in the control group will not be given any intervention.
Methods for assaying lipid uptake into microscopic nematodes such as <I>C. Elegans</I> comprising incubating the nematodes in the presence of a probe molecule. The probe comprises a lipid moiety linked to a signalling moiety and the amount of probe taken up is determined by the signal generated. Such assays can be used for the identification of compounds that are inhibitors or enhancers of lipid uptake, and also for the identification of components of the lipid uptake pathway upon which the inhibitor or enhancer acts. The assays can also be used for the isolation of novel genes and proteins involved in pathways of lipid uptake. A further embodiment discloses a compound comprising a lipid moiety, a BODIPY signalling moiety, a quencher for the BODIPY signalling moiety and an enzyme hydrolysable bond. This compound can be used as a probe in the assays of the invention.
BACKGROUND: Low muscle mass was significantly correlated with poor clinical outcomes in cancer patients. This study aimed to compare the differences between bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and computed tomography (CT) in measuring skeletal muscle mass and detecting low muscle mass in patients with gastric cancer (GC).
METHOD: This cross-sectional study included a total of 302 consecutive patients diagnosed with GC at our institution from October 2021 to March 2023. CT images were analyzed at the L3 level to obtain the cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle, which was subsequently used for calculating whole-body skeletal muscle mass via the Shen equation and skeletal muscle tissue density. BIA was utilized to measure skeletal muscle mass using the manufacturer's proprietary algorithms. Skeletal muscle mass (kg) was divided by height squared (m2) to obtain skeletal muscle index (SMI, kg/m2). Pearson's correlation coefficient was performed to assess the correlation between SMI measured by BIA and CT. The agreement between the two methods was assessed using Bland-Altman analyses. The clinically acceptable agreement was defined as the 95% limits of agreement (LOA) for the percentage bias falling within ± 10%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the performance of BIA in identifying low muscle mass.
RESULTS: A total of 59 patients (19.5%) were identified as having low muscle mass based on CT analysis, whereas only 19 patients (6.3%) met the criteria for low muscle mass according to BIA analysis. BIA-measured SMI showed a strong positive correlation with CT-measured SMI in all patients (r = 0.715, P < 0.001). With Bland-Altman analysis, there was a significant mean bias of 1.18 ± 0.96 kg/m2 (95% CI 1.07-1.29, P < 0.001) between SMI measured by BIA and CT. The 95% LOA for the percentage bias ranged from -7.98 to 33.92%, which exceeded the clinically acceptable range of ± 10%. A significant difference was observed in the mean bias of SMI measured by BIA and CT between patients with and without GLIM malnutrition (1.42 ± 0.91 kg/m2 versus 0.98 ± 0.96 kg/m2, P < 0.001). The cut-off values for BIA-measured SMI in identifying low muscle mass using CT as the reference were 10.11 kg/m2 for males and 8.71 kg/m2 for females (male: AUC = 0.840, 95% CI: 0.772-0.908; female: AUC = 0.721, 95% CI: 0.598-0.843).
CONCLUSIONS: Despite a significant correlation, the values of skeletal muscle mass obtained BIA and CT cannot be used interchangeably. The BIA method may overestimate skeletal muscle mass in GC patients compared to CT, especially among those with GLIM malnutrition, leading to an underestimation of low muscle mass prevalence.
Patients receive docetaxel IV on day 1 and placebo IV twice weekly.The first placebo treatment will be given on day 1 (same day as docetaxel). Treatment repeats every 21 days for 8 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of pathogenic germline variants (PGVs) in hereditary cancer genes utilizing a universal testing approach and to determine the rate of PGVs that would have been missed based on National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines in genitourinary (GU) malignancies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multisite, single-institution prospective germline genetic test (GGT) was universally offered to patients with new or active diagnoses of GU malignancies (prostate, bladder, and renal) from April 2018 to March 2020 at Mayo Clinic sites. Participants were offered GGT using a next-generation sequencing panel of > 80 genes. Demographic, tumor characteristics, and genetic results were evaluated. NCCN GU cancer guidelines were used to identify whether patients had incremental findings, defined as PGV-positive patients who would not have received testing based on NCCN guidelines.
RESULTS: Of 3095 individuals enrolled in the study, 601 patients had GU cancer (prostate = 358, bladder = 106, and renal = 137). The mean enrollment age was 67 years (SD 9.1), 89% were male, and 86% of patients were non-Hispanic White. PGVs were identified in 82 (14%) of all GU patients. PGV prevalence breakdown by cancer type was: 14% prostate, 14% bladder, and 13% renal cancer. Nearly one-third of identified PGVs were high penetrance, and the majority of these (67%) were clinically actionable. Incremental PGVs were identified in 28 (57%) prostate, 15 (100%) bladder, and 14 (78%) renal cancer patients. Of the 82 patients with PGV findings, 29 (35%) had at least 1 relative undergo cascade testing for the familial variant(s) identified.
CONCLUSIONS: More than 1 in 8 patients with GU malignancies were found to carry a PGV, with 67% of patients with high-penetrance PGVs undergoing clinically actionable changes. The majority of these PGVs would not have been identified based on current testing criteria. These findings support universal GGT for GU malignancies and underscore its potential to enhance risk assessment and guide precision interventions in urologic oncology.
Accurate diagnosis of lymph node (LN) metastasis is vital for prognosis and treatment in patients with breast cancer. Imaging 1modalities such as ultrasound (US), MRI, CT, and 18F-FDG PET/CT are used for preoperative assessment. While conventional US is commonly recommended due to its resolution and sensitivity, it has limitations such as operator subjectivity and difficulty detecting small metastases. This review shows the microanatomy of axillary LNs to enhance accurate diagnosis and the characteristics of contrast-enhanced US (CE-US), which utilizes intravascular microbubble contrast agents, making it ideal for vascular imaging. A significant focus of this review is on distinguishing between two types of CE-US techniques for axillary LN evaluation: perfusion CE-US and lymphatic CE-US. Perfusion CE-US is used to assess LN metastasis via transvenous contrast agent administration, while lymphatic CE-US is used to identify sentinel LNs and diagnose LN metastasis through percutaneous contrast agent administration. This review also highlights the need for future research to clarify the distinction between studies involving "apparently enlarged LNs" and "clinical node-negative" cases in perfusion CE-US research. Such research standardization is essential to ensure accurate diagnostic performance in various clinical studies. Future studies should aim to standardize CE-US methods for improved LN metastasis diagnosis, not only in breast cancer but also across various malignancies.
PURPOSE: People living with HIV are twice as likely to develop cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and myocardial infarction related to atherosclerosis than the uninfected population. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis in a young, mid-eastern European population of PLWH receiving ART for undetectable viremia.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a single-centre study. We included 34 patients below 50 years old, treated in Szczecin, Poland, with confirmed HIV-1 infection, treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART), and undetectable viremia. All patients underwent coronary artery computed tomography (CACT), carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) evaluation, and echocardiography.
RESULTS: In the primary assessment, only two (5.8%) patients had an increased CVD risk calculated using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), but we identified coronary or carotid plaques in 26.5% of the patients. Neither traditional risk factors nor those associated with HIV significantly influenced the presence of the plaque. IMT was significantly positively correlated with age and the FRS (R=0.38, p=0.04). Relative wall thickness assessed in echocardiography was higher in those with plaque (0.49 vs 0.44, p=0.04) and significantly correlated with IMT (R=0.38, p=0.04).
CONCLUSION: In our population, more than a quarter of PLWH with undetectable viremia had subclinical atherosclerosis in either the coronary or carotid arteries. The FRS underpredicted atherosclerosis in this population. The role of RWT as a possible early marker of atherosclerosis needs further studies.
The prognosis of children and young adults with a malignant glioma in the brain stem or a recurrent malignant glioma (in whatever site) is very poor. Over the last few decades, many therapeutic trials have been performed but have failed to significantly improve survival in these patients. There is thus a need to test new drugs in these indications. There is a strong biological rationale for the use of anti-angiogenic drugs in high-grade glioma. Cilengitide (EMD121974; Merck KgaA, Darmstadt, Germany), a cyclic pentapeptide containing the sequence RGD (cyclo-\[Arg-Gly-Asp-Dphe-(NmeVal)\]) is a selective antagonist of integrins αvβ3 and αvβ5, which are strongly involved in tumour angiogenesis. Positive results with Cilengitide in preclinical models of glioblastoma, its particularly attractive safety profile and its encouraging efficacy in phase I and II studies in adults and children make it a potentially effective molecule for the treatment of malignant glioma in children. Furthermore, its combination with radiotherapy to be appears synergistic, without any apparent increase in toxicity.

In this study, Cilengitide will be evaluated when concurrently administered with radiotherapy as a first-line treatment and then as a maintenance monotherapy in children and young adults with malignant brain stem glioma. The main objective will be to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of Cilengitide when administered twice weekly as a 60-minute intra-venous infusion.
During premarketing clinical studies of ZYPREXA RELPREVV, adverse reactions that presented with signs and symptoms consistent with olanzapine overdose, in particular, sedation (including coma) and/or delirium, were reported in patients following an injection of ZYPREXA RELPREVV [see Boxed Warning and Dosage and Administration (2.1)]. These reactions occurred in <0.1% of injections and in approximately 2% of patients who received injections for up to 46 months. These reactions were correlated with an unintentional rapid increase in serum olanzapine concentrations to supra-therapeutic ranges in some cases. While a rapid and greater than expected increase in serum olanzapine concentration has been observed in some patients with these reactions, the exact mechanism by which the drug was unintentionally introduced into the blood stream is not known. Clinical signs and symptoms included dizziness, confusion, disorientation, slurred speech, altered gait, difficulty ambulating, weakness, agitation, extrapyramidal symptoms, hypertension, convulsion, and reduced level of consciousness ranging from mild sedation to coma. Time after injection to event ranged from soon after injection to greater than 3 hours after injection. The majority of patients were hospitalized and some required supportive care, including intubation, in several cases. All patients had largely recovered by 72 hours. The risk of an event is the same at each injection, so the risk per patient is cumulative (i.e., increases with the number of injections) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. 

In postmarketing reports of overdose with oral olanzapine alone, symptoms have been reported in the majority of cases. In symptomatic patients, symptoms with ≥10% incidence included agitation/aggressiveness, dysarthria, tachycardia, various extrapyramidal symptoms, and reduced level of consciousness ranging from sedation to coma. Among less commonly reported symptoms were the following potentially medically serious reactions: aspiration, cardiopulmonary arrest, cardiac arrhythmias (such as supraventricular tachycardia and 1 patient experiencing sinus pause with spontaneous resumption of normal rhythm), delirium, possible neuroleptic malignant syndrome, respiratory depression/arrest, convulsion, hypertension, and hypotension. Eli Lilly and Company has received reports of fatality in association with overdose of oral olanzapine alone. In 1 case of death, the amount of acutely ingested oral olanzapine was reported to be possibly as low as 450 mg of oral olanzapine; however, in another case, a patient was reported to survive an acute olanzapine ingestion of approximately 2 g of oral olanzapine.
Because glatiramer acetate can modify immune response, it may interfere with immune functions. For example, treatment with glatiramer acetate may interfere with the recognition of foreign antigens in a way that would undermine the body's tumor surveillance and its defenses against infection. There is no evidence that glatiramer acetate does this, but there has not been a systematic evaluation of this risk. Because glatiramer acetate is an antigenic material, it is possible that its use may lead to the induction of host responses that are untoward, but systematic surveillance for these effects has not been undertaken. 

Although glatiramer acetate is intended to minimize the autoimmune response to myelin, there is the possibility that continued alteration of cellular immunity due to chronic treatment with glatiramer acetate may result in untoward effects. 

Glatiramer acetate-reactive antibodies are formed in most patients receiving glatiramer acetate. Studies in both the rat and monkey have suggested that immune complexes are deposited in the renal glomeruli. Furthermore, in a controlled trial of 125 RRMS patients given glatiramer acetate injection 20 mg per mL, subcutaneously every day for 2 years, serum IgG levels reached at least 3 times baseline values in 80% of patients by 3 months of initiation of treatment. By 12 months of treatment, however, 30% of patients still had IgG levels at least 3 times baseline values, and 90% had levels above baseline by 12 months. The antibodies are exclusively of the IgG subtype and predominantly of the IgG-1 subtype. No IgE type antibodies could be detected in any of the 94 sera tested; nevertheless, anaphylaxis can be associated with the administration of most any foreign substance, and therefore, this risk cannot be excluded.
Culturing algae from which organosilicon cpds. can be extracted, comprises: (i) removing micro-cuttings from an alga plant; (ii) immersing the cuttings in a tank contg. sea water; (iii) immersing an elongated culture support (e.g. rope) in the tank to allow attachment of the cuttings; and (iv) placing the support in the sea at a predetermined depth and parallel to the surface. Also claimed are new organosilicon cpds. of formula (I) SiR1R2R3R4 when extracted from the reproductive organs and juvenile tissues of algae, whereby R1-R4 are organic gps., at least one being hydrolysable gp. of the type XR' where X is heteroatom (esp. O) and R' is H or organic gp.
The UK has a national AAA screening programme. At the age of 65 men are offered a one off ultrasound test to look for a AAA. If their abdominal aorta is \> 5.5 cm they are referred to a Vascular Surgeon. If the patients abdominal aorta is between 3 cm and 5.4 cm they are offered further ultrasound scans to monitor the size of their aorta. This is a surveillance programme. In addition men who have an AAA between 3 cm and 5.4 cm that is detected by an ultrasound scan, CT or MRI performed as part of an investigation for another clinical problem are added to the surveillance programme.

In Torbay and South Devon men in the AAA surveillance programme are referred for a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test when the AAA reaches 4.5 cm as part of standard clinical practice. This takes place in the Pre assessment Clinic in Torbay Hospital and is performed by a Consultant Anaesthetist. If the patient is able to safely perform the Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test they will be identified as potential participants by the Consultant Anaesthetist.
The present invention features new approaches for modulating immune responses.  In particular, the invention features methods for modulating type 1 immune responses in a subject using modulators of Eta-1(early T lymphocyte activation-1)/osteopontin. Examplary methods feature methods of treating infections, immune disorders and diseases, autoimmune disorders and diseases, various immunodeficiencies and cancer. Also provided are biosynthetic immunomodulatory molecules that include functional domains derived from Eta-1/osteopontin.  Preferred biosynthetic immunomodulatory molecules include an IL-12 stimulatory domain derived from Eta-1/osteopontin or an IL-10 inhibitory domain derived from Eta-1/osteopontin. The immunomodulatory molecules of the present invention are capable of biasing an immune response in a subject towards a type 1 immune response. Accordingly, therapeutic uses are disclosed which are based on the biosynthetic immunomodulatory molecules of the present invention.
A method for making an emulsified antiperspirant product is provided. The product has a continuous phase with a water-immiscible liquid and a disperse aqueous phase with an antiperspirant active. The method steps include providing a water-immiscible liquid; providing a volatile aqueous solution with an antiperspirant active; combining the water-immiscible liquid and the aqueous solution to form an emulsion with a continuous phase including the water-immiscible liquid and a disperse phase including the aqueous solution; providing a structurant separate from the emulsion and adding it to the emulsion to form an emulsified antiperspirant composition. The emulsified antiperspirant composition is heated to a temperature between 60° C. and 110° C. from 15 minutes to less than 2 hours. The emulsified antiperspirant composition is transferred into one or more dispensing containers. The batch weight of the emulsified antiperspirant composition may be greater than 20 kg.
This is a phase II/III clinical study. Blood is drawn from the patient and brought to our laboratory for isolation of immune cells. These immune cells are then proliferated over a two week period and used to produce the patented product IKC (Immune Killer Cells). The IKC will then infused back into the patient to treat the cancer. Each patient will receive a total of twelve infusions.

60 patients are anticipated to be recruited. This is a double-arm study, the experimental group will receive IKC treatment along with TACE treatment. The control group will receive only TACE treatment. 30 patients will be randomized into each arm.