anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Opioid overdoses continue to rise in the United States. In 2021, a record 80,411 reported overdoses occurred in the US alone, nearly double that in 2017. Buprenorphine's pharmacology is ideal for management of patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) with or without chronic pain. Within the VA, clinical pharmacist practitioners (CPP) are uniquely equipped to operate with significant scope of practice to prescribe medications including controlled substances, an opportunity to vastly increase access to care for veterans suffering from OUD, complex opioid dependency or pain.
PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this case series is to describe how DEA licensed pain CPP safely and effectively manages 1) Suboxone home inductions to increase access for OUD 2) rotations from traditional full mu opioids to chronic pain buprenorphine products and 3) off label use of Suboxone for pain. Procedures/data/observations: Cases were collected in usual workload for clinical pharmacist. High rate of tolerability and efficacy noted with buprenorphine across all products.
CONCLUSIONS/APPLICATIONS: DEA licensed Pain CPPs can make an immediate positive impact for veterans with OUD and/or complex pain and may be more comfortable with buprenorphine than many other providers.
In period 1, subjects will be administered GSK961081 and fluticasone propionate concurrently via separate Diskus inhalers followed by administration of GSK961081 in period 2. In period 3 and period 4, the subjects will receive GSK961081/fluticasone propionate blend via Diskus inhaler followed by the administration of fluticasone propionate respectively.
INTRODUCTION: Different types of mastectomies leave different amounts of residual breast tissue. The significance of the residual breast volume (RBV) is not clear. Therefore, we developed an MRI tool that allows to easily assess the RBV. In this study we evaluated factors associated with RBV after skin or nipple sparing mastectomy (SSM/NSM) in breast cancer BRCA pathogenic variant (PV) carriers who underwent both therapeutic and risk reducing SSM/NSM and its relation to breast cancer outcomes using an innovative MRI-based tool.
METHODS: Data of breast cancer BRCA PV who were treated between 2006 and 2020 were retrieved from of the oncogenetics unit databases. Only patients who underwent SSM/NSM and had a postoperative breast MRI available for analysis were included. Data collected included demographics, clinicopathological features, and outcomes. The MRI tool was developed by a breast cancer imaging laboratory. A logistic regression test and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the associated risk of increased RBV. A forward stepwise linear regression was used to correlate tumour-patient specific factors and RBV, and a Kaplan-Meier curve to show the probability of locoregional relapse.
RESULTS: A total of 84 patients undergoing 89 mastectomies were included. At a median follow-up of 98 months, 5 local, 2 regional, and 4 distant recurrences were observed. RBV was not significantly related with breast cancer outcomes (p value = NS). A higher body mass index (BMI) was associated with a higher RBV (p < 0.0001). A larger number of involved axillary nodes was associated with a smaller RBV (p = 0.025). The RBV on the risk-reducing mastectomy side was significantly higher compared to the breast cancer side (p value = 0.007). Local recurrences occurred in the vicinity of the primary tumour.
PURPOSE: A composition containing a Galla rhois extract for improving cognitive ability and preventing or treating dementia is provided to show an immunomodulatory ability and to improve immune functions. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating dementia contain a Galla rhois extract as an active ingredient. A health food composition for preventing and treating dementia contains the extract as an active ingredient. A pharmaceutical composition for improving cognitive ability contains the extract as an active ingredient. A health food composition for improving cognitive ability contains the extract as an active ingredient. A pharmaceutical composition for enhancing immunity contains the extract as an active ingredient. A health food composition for enhancing immunity contains the extract as an active ingredient.
In a subset of 10 subjects (cohort 2), EIT and DECT will be performed in a row at the same type of bed and body position. In cohort 2, the measurements will be before nitric oxide (iNO) and during iNO. The OFF-ON fashion for DECT imaging is to minimize the subject's exposure to radiation and reduce the time spent in the CT room.
PURPOSE: To determine the incidence, risk factors and clinical outcomes in patients with nucleus drop (ND) following phacoemulsification surgery at a tertiary care ophthalmic institute.
METHODS: Medical records of patients with ND during phacoemulsification between January'2019 and December'2022 were reviewed retrospectively. Incidence of ND was calculated overall, and according to surgical expertise levels and surgical steps. Associated pre- and intra-operative risk factors were assessed. Clinical outcome parameters [best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and intraocular pressure (IOP)] were compared with respect to timing of PPV (immediate vs early vs delayed), location (sulcus vs scleral fixated-IOL) and timing of IOL placement (primary vs secondary).
RESULTS: Among 93,760 phacoemulsifications, ND was noted in 130 patients (0.1%). Significant direct and associated pre-operative risk factors were advanced cataract, glaucoma, posterior polar cataract, and diabetes mellitus. Junior medical consultants had 40 ND (mostly in non-complex cases), whereas senior medical consultants had 90 ND (mostly in complex cases). ND most frequently occurred during emulsification of nuclear fragments. Sulcus placement of IOL during primary surgery yielded significantly better visual outcome compared to secondary procedures, although timing of PPV had insignificant effect. 77.1% had BCVA of 6/12 or better at final follow-up. Timing of IOL implantation, PPV, and type of IOL did not have any significant effect on IOP.
CONCLUSIONS: Though the incidence of ND is low, it is a dreaded complication. Accurate pre-operative evaluation, risk stratification, distribution of cases among surgeons based on their surgical expertise, and immediate or early management of ND yields better anatomical and functional outcomes.
The invention comprises compounds of formula: <FORM:0968395/C1/1> where R is H, CH3 or C2H5, R1 is halogen trifluoromethyl, CH3 or C2H5, R2 is H, CH3 or C2H5, and R3 is CH3 or C2H5 and N1-oxides and acid addition salts of such compounds. The compounds are prepared by reacting an alkali metal salt of a dibenzodiazepinone of formula: <FORM:0968395/C1/2> with a compound of formula Z-CH2CH2-halogen where Z i <FORM:0968395/C1/3> or a substituent convertible to <FORM:0968395/C1/4> The alkali metal salt of the dibenzodiazepinone is prepared by reacting the dibenzo-diazepinone with an alkali metal amide, or by reacting the corresponding N-(2-amino-5-R1-substituted phenyl) anthranilic acid ester with an alkali metal amide.  The compounds where R2 is hydrogen may be obtained by reacting a benzalkylaminoethyl halide with the alkali metal salt of the dibenzodiazepinone and subsequently removing the N-benzyl group by hydrogenolysis.  The dibenzodiazepinones may be obtained by heating the corresponding N-(2-amino-5-R1-substituted phenyl) anthranilic acid, and the latter may be prepared by reacting anthranilic acid or N-alkylated derivative thereof with a 2-bromo-4-R1 substituted nitrobenzene, and reducing the N-(2-nitro-5-R1-substituted phenyl) anthranilic acid so obtained to the N-(2-amino-5-R1-substituted phenyl) anthranilic acid.  Alternatively potassium o-bromobenzoate may be reacted with 2-amino-4-R1-substituted nitrobenzene or N-alkyl derivative thereof and the N-(2-nitro-5-R1-substituted phenyl) anthranilic acid or N-alkyl derivative thereof so obtained reduced to the amino compound.  Esters may be obtained by reacting the N-(2-amino-5-R1-substituted phenyl) anthranilic acid with an aliphatic alcohol.  Examples are given.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare a cosmetic, useful for beautifying and face beautification and free from toxicity against the skin by compounding an essence obtained by extracting a specific material to be used as a raw material of a Chinese medicine or a food material of a Chinese dish with water as an active component. SOLUTION: ENKA(a kind of an edible bird's nest) is finely cut, and the resultant pieces of ENKA is extracted with water at a temperature ranging from the ambient temperature to about 120 deg.C. Water is removed from the extract to obtain ENKA extract, which is used as an active component. The ENKA extract is crystalline powder or powder of white to yellowish white to blown, and contains saccharides, proteins and further acyl acids. The cosmetic is excellent in safety and can be easily compounded in a cream, a milky lotion, a lip stick, an eye shadow, a shampoo, a hair rinse, etc. A compounding ratio of the ENKA extract is preferably about 0.05-10wt.%.
Systems and methods for detecting changes to ultrasound scanning settings during an ultrasound examination and generating a record of the settings changes are provided. The method includes acquiring, by an ultrasound system, ultrasound image data according to ultrasound scanning settings during an ultrasound examination. The method includes monitoring, by at least one processor, the ultrasound scanning settings during the ultrasound examination and detecting a changed ultrasound scanning setting from the ultrasound scanning setting during the ultrasound examination. The method includes recording, by the at least one processor, the changed ultrasound scanning setting in a log file associated with the ultrasound examination. The method includes recording, by the at least one processor, a video clip of the ultrasound image data a predetermined period of time before and after the changed ultrasound scanning setting is detected. The video clip is associated with the ultrasound examination.
Plants have evolved a sophisticated immunity system for specific detection of pathogens and rapid induction of measured defences. Over- or constitutive activation of defences would negatively affect plant growth and development. Hence, the plant immune system is under tight positive and negative regulation. MAP kinase phosphatase1 (MKP1) has been identified as a negative regulator of plant immunity in model plant Arabidopsis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which MKP1 regulates immune signalling in wheat (Triticum aestivum) are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of TaMKP1 in wheat defence against two devastating fungal pathogens and determined its subcellular localization. We demonstrated that knock-down of TaMKP1 by CRISPR/Cas9 in wheat resulted in enhanced resistance to rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) and powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), indicating that TaMKP1 negatively regulates disease resistance in wheat. Unexpectedly, while Tamkp1 mutant plants showed increased resistance to the two tested fungal pathogens they also had higher yield compared with wild-type control plants without infection. Our results suggested that TaMKP1 interacts directly with dephosphorylated and activated TaMPK3/4/6, and TaMPK4 interacts directly with TaPAL. Taken together, we demonstrated TaMKP1 exert negative modulating roles in the activation of TaMPK3/4/6, which are required for MAPK-mediated defence signalling. This facilitates our understanding of the important roles of MAP kinase phosphatases and MAPK cascades in plant immunity and production, and provides germplasm resources for breeding for high resistance and high yield.
The treatment with IgM preparation will be initiated as soon as possible after randomization (maximum allowed starting time 12h after randomization). The calculation of the dose is based on IgM single compartment distribution. The first dose of IgM preparation will be calculated on IgM serum concentration obtained within 24 hours after shock appearance to achieve serum titers above 100mg/dl. In the next days, the daily IgM preparation dose will be assessed individually on the basis of IgM serum titers assessment performed in the morning with the purpose of maintaining IgM serum titers above 100 mg/dl, up to discontinuation of vasoactive drugs or day 7 after enrolment. Daily, the calculated dose will be administered in 24 hours in continuous infusion with a maximum infusion rate of 0,4 ml/kg per hour (20mg/kg per hour). IgM preparation will be administered up to the withdrawal of vasoactive drugs with a maximum allowed of 7 days of therapy and a maximum dose of 350mg/Kg/day.
4-hydroxyphenyl phosphonium salts with antiparasitic properties. The present invention provides a new series of compounds derived from 4-hydroxyphenyl phosphonium. Furthermore, the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising said compounds and to the use in the treatment or prevention of diseases caused by parasites, preferably trypanosomatid parasites. In particular, these compounds have demonstrated in vivo efficacy for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in a murine model. These diseases can occur in both humans and animals. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
Disclosed are created stable polypeptides which are capable of inducing the production of interferon-gamma by immunocompetent cells. The present polypeptides contain specific amino acid sequences usually derived from the wild-type polypeptides, being capable of the production of interferon-gamma, by replacing the cysteine(s) with different amino acid(s). The present polypeptides possess a stability and an activity of inducing the production of IFN-gamma by immunocompetent cells, both of which are significantly higher than those of the wild-type polypeptides. In addition to the activity, the present polypeptides can exhibit remarkable activities of inducing the formation of killer cells and enhancing thier cytotoxicities. The present polypeptides are easily obtainable by the process according to the present invention using recombinant DNA techniques. Thus the present polypeptides are useful for agents to treat and/or prevent susceptive diseases such as viral diseases, infections, malignant tumors, and immunopathies.
BACKGROUND: Polypropylene (PPE) mesh is commonly utilized to reconstruct catastrophic extensor mechanism disruptions in revision total knee arthroplasty. Unfortunately, these procedures are associated with a high rate of periprosthetic joint infection. The purpose of the current study was to: 1) visualize and quantify the progression of bacterial biofilm growth on PPE-mesh; and 2) determine which antiseptic solutions effectively remove viable bacteria.
METHODS: Knitted PPE mesh samples were cultured with either methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) or Escherichia coli (E. coli) for 7 days, with regular quantification of colony forming units (CFUs) and visualization using scanning electron microscopy to identify maturity. Immature (24 hour) and mature (72 hour) biofilm was treated with one of 5 commercial antiseptics for 3 minutes. A 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate, a surfactant-based formulation of ethanol, acetic acid, sodium acetate, benzalkonium chloride, diluted povidone-iodine (0.35%), undiluted (10%) povidone-iodine, and 1:1 combination of 10% povidone-iodine and 3% hydrogen peroxide. A 3-log reduction in CFUs compared to saline was considered clinically meaningful.
RESULTS: The CFU counts plateaued, indicating maturity, at 72 hours for both MSSA and E. coli. The scanning electron microscopy confirmed confluent biofilm formation after 72 hours. The 10% povidone-iodine was clinically effective against all MSSA biofilms and immature E. coli biofilms. The 10% povidone-iodine with hydrogen peroxide was effective in all conditions. Only 10% povidone iodine formulations produced significantly (P < .0083) reduced CFU counts against mature biofilms.
CONCLUSIONS: Bacteria rapidly form biofilm on PPE mesh. Mesh contamination can be catastrophic, and clinicians should consider utilizing an antiseptic solution at the conclusion of mesh implantation. Undiluted povidone-iodine with hydrogen peroxide should be considered when attempting to salvage infected PPE mesh.
Nabumetone, USP is a naphthylalkanone designated chemically as 4-(6-methoxy-2-naphthalenyl)-2-butanone. It has the following structure:

C15H16O2 M.W. 228.3

Nabumetone, USP is a white to off-white crystalline substance. It is nonacidic and practically insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol and most organic solvents. It has an n-octanol:phosphate buffer partition coefficient of 2,400 at pH 7.4.

Each tablet, for oral administration, contains either 500 mg or 750 mg of nabumetone, USP. In addition, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, hypromellose, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium starch glycolate, talc, and titanium dioxide. The 750 mg tablets also contain black iron oxide, red iron oxide, and yellow iron oxide.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Chronic liver disease (CLD) causes 1.8% of all deaths in Europe, many of them from liver cancer. We estimated the impact of several policy interventions in France, the Netherlands, and Romania.
METHODS: We used a validated microsimulation model to assess seven different policy scenarios in 2022-2030: a minimum unit price (MUP) of alcohol of €0.70 or €1, a volumetric alcohol tax, a sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax, food marketing restrictions, plus two different combinations of these policies compared against current policies (the 'inaction' scenario).
RESULTS: All policies reduced the burden of CLD and liver cancer. The largest impact was observed for a MUP of €1, which by 2030 would reduce the cumulative incidence of CLD by between 7.1% to 7.3% in France, the Netherlands, and Romania compared with inaction. For liver cancer, the corresponding reductions in cumulative incidence were between 4.8% to 5.8%. Implementing a package containing a MUP of €0.70, a volumetric alcohol tax, and an SSB tax would reduce the cumulative incidence of CLD by between 4.29% to 4.71% and of liver cancer by between 3.47% to 3.95% in France, the Netherlands, and Romania. The total predicted reduction in healthcare costs by 2030 was greatest with the €1 MUP scenario, with a reduction for liver cancer costs of €8.18M and €612.49M in the Netherlands and France, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Policy measures tackling primary risk factors for CLD and liver cancer, such as the implementation of a MUP of €1 and/or a MUP of €0.70 plus SSB tax could markedly reduce the number of Europeans with CLD or liver cancer.
IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS: Policymakers must be aware that alcohol and obesity are the two leading risk factors for chronic liver disease and liver cancer in Europe and both are expected to increase in the future if no policy interventions are made. This study assessed the potential of different public health policy measures to mitigate the impact of alcohol consumption and obesity on the general population in three European countries: France, the Netherlands, and Romania. The findings support introducing a €1 minimum unit price for alcohol to reduce the burden of chronic liver disease. In addition, the study shows the importance of targeting multiple drivers of alcohol consumption and obesogenic products simultaneously via a harmonized fiscal policy framework, to complement efforts being made within health systems. These findings should encourage policymakers to introduce such policy measures across Europe to reduce the burden of liver disease. The modeling methods used in this study can assist in structuring similar modeling in other regions to expand on this study's findings.
AIMS: Although parity, infertility, and age at first birth are important for later development of cardiovascular disease, research on their association with atrial fibrillation (AF) is limited.
METHODS AND RESULTS: We linked data from the population-based HUNT study and the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (MBRN) and validated medical records from local hospitals. A total of 24 015 women aged 45 years or older were followed for verified incident AF. Parity and age at first birth were retrieved from the MBRN or from self-reported questionnaires in the HUNT study. A history of infertility was self-reported on the HUNT questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for the multivariable-adjusted associations of parity, infertility, and age at first birth with risk of AF. During a median follow-up of 12.8 years, 1448 (6.0%) participants developed AF. Women with higher parity (four or more births vs. two births) were at 21% higher risk of AF [HR 1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-1.39]. A history of infertility was also associated with the risk of AF (HR 1.20, 95% CI 1.02-1.42). Among parous women, younger age at first birth (<20 vs. 20-29 years) was associated with a 20% higher risk of AF (HR 1.20, 95% CI 1.03-1.40).
CONCLUSION: Women with four or more births, or a history of infertility, or younger age at first birth have approximately a 20% higher risk of AF among women over 45 years old.
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute autoimmune disease of the peripheral nervous system, which may lead to rapidly developing motor deficits, sensory deficits, autonomic dysfunction and respiratory failure. Approximately, 20.3% of patients cannot walk unaided at 4 weeks of symptom onset and 18.0% at 6 months. So, restoration and improvement of independent walk are one of major goals of GBS rehabilitation. For severely affected neurological patients, gait training using conventional therapy is technically difficult due to their motor weakness and balance problems. Robotic-assisted gait training （RAGT）is an effective alternative to treadmill therapy with partial body weight in intense gait rehabilitation after some neuropathy. And the proven reliability and safety of RAGT suggest that it may be effective for treating non-ambulatory patients after some neuropathy. In our study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of RAGT in non-ambulatory patients of GBS.
Chronic stress and chronic pain share neuro-anatomical, endocrinological, and biological features. However, stress prepares the body for challenging situations or mitigates tissue damage, while pain is an unpleasant sensation due to nociceptive receptor stimulation. When pain is chronic, it might lead to an allostatic overload in the body and brain due to the chronic dysregulation of the physiological systems that are normally involved in adapting to environmental challenges. Managing stress and chronic pain (CP) in neurorehabilitation presents a significant challenge for healthcare professionals and researchers, as there is no definitive and effective solution for these issues. Patients suffering from neurological disorders often complain of CP, which significantly reduces their quality of life. The aim of this narrative review is to examine the correlation between stress and pain and their potential negative impact on the rehabilitation process. Moreover, we described the most relevant interventions used to manage stress and pain in the neurological population. In conclusion, this review sheds light on the connection between chronic stress and chronic pain and their impact on the neurorehabilitation pathway. Our results emphasize the need for tailored rehabilitation protocols to effectively manage pain, improve treatment adherence, and ensure comprehensive patient care.
Participants received MK-8776 20 mg/m\^2 IV on Days 2 and 3 and again on Days 11 and 12 PLUS cytarabine 2 g/m\^2 IV via 72-hour CIV on Days 1 through 3 and repeated on Days 10 through 12 of a treatment cycle. The duration of one treatment cycle was to be approximately 4 to 6 weeks (until hospital discharge).