anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Cancer cachexia (CC) syndrome, a feature of cancer-associated muscle wasting, is particularly pronounced in older patients, and is characterised by decreased energy intake and upregulated skeletal muscle catabolic pathways. To address CC, appetite stimulants, anabolic drugs, cytokine mediators, essential amino acid supplementation, nutritional counselling, cognitive behavioural therapy, and enteral nutrition have been utilised. However, pharmacological treatments that have also shown promising results, such as megestrol acetate, anamorelin, thalidomide, and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, have been associated with gastrointestinal and cardiovascular complications. Emerging evidence on the efficacy of probiotics in modulating gut microbiota also presents a promising adjunct to traditional therapies, potentially enhancing nutritional absorption and systemic inflammation control. Additionally, low-dose olanzapine has demonstrated improved appetite and weight management in older patients undergoing chemotherapy, offering a potential refinement to current therapeutic approaches. This review aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underpinning CC, with a particular focus on the role of anorexia in exacerbating muscle wasting, and to propose pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies to mitigate this syndrome, particularly emphasising the needs of an older demographic. Future research targeting CC should focus on refining appetite-stimulating drugs with fewer side-effects, specifically catering to the needs of older patients, and investigating nutritional factors that can either enhance appetite or minimise suppression of appetite in individuals with CC, especially within this vulnerable group.
The present invention encompasses systems and methods for improving the efficiency of treatment planning for orthopedic disorders. The present invention provides a variety of analytical tools. One such analysis tool allows to design a personalized treatment plan using quantitative measurements of the relevant orthopaedic structure, obtained from a 3D model of the orthopaedic structure constructed using radiographic images of said structure, and information related to the patient. Another analysis tool allows for the design of personalized implant models based on measurements of the patient. The personalized treatment plan and the implant model may be evaluated based on biomechanical analysis by using another analysis tool. The system may use the assessment results to modify and improve the treatment plan and the implant model. A build tool may be used to build the implant model by, for example, 3D printing. The system also has the ability to generate reports for treatment planning.
The COVID-19 pandemic has determined a considerable increase in psychological distress worldwide. Compared with the general population, patients with chronic conditions experience higher stress levels due to the increased risk of worse health outcomes from COVID-19 infection. Worries and fear of contagion could cause them to avoid going to their health facilities for medical examinations, which results in higher risks of morbidity and mortality. The present study aimed to develop and validate the Psychological Consequences of a Pandemic Event (PCPE) self-report questionnaire, and to assess the psychological effects of exposure to a pandemic on mood and on treatment adherence appropriate for patients with chronic diseases. Data were analysed with Rasch analysis after an Exploratory Factor Analysis and a Confirmatory Factor Analysis. We identified a final set of 10 items, divided into two independent factors labelled "pandemic-related anxiety" and "confidence in care". Finally, we transformed the raw scores of both factors into two interval scales (two rulers) that met the requirements of the fundamental measurement. The PCPE questionnaire has demonstrated to be a short and easy-to-administer measure, with valid and reliable psychometric properties, capable of assessing pandemic-related anxiety and confidence in care in patients with chronic clinical conditions.
The present invention concerns the use of formic acid and at least one C1-C4 alkyl ester of lactic acid, preferably ethyl lactate, for the manufacture of a composition for the topical treatment of warts. The inclusion in the composition of at least one C1-C4 alkyl ester of lactic acid, preferably ethyl lactate, reduces the contact angle of the composition, i.e. reduces the surface tension. Decreased contact angle makes it easier for the composition to adhere to warts, and following to be absorbed by warts, i.e. improving the penetration of the composition of the invention. Additionally, reduced surface tension makes it easier to apply the composition in the adequate amount, with reduced risk of inadvertently smearing composition on adjacent, healthy skin.
Risedronate demonstrated potent anti-osteoclast, antiresorptive activity in ovariectomized rats and minipigs. Bone mass and biomechanical strength were increased dose-dependently at daily oral doses up to 4 and 25 times the human recommended oral dose of 5 mg for rats and minipigs, respectively. Risedronate treatment maintained the positive correlation between BMD and bone strength and did not have a negative effect on bone structure or mineralization. In intact dogs, risedronate induced positive bone balance at the level of the bone remodeling unit at oral doses ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 times the 5 mg/day human daily dose.

In dogs treated with an oral dose approximately 5 times the human daily dose, risedronate caused a delay in fracture healing of the radius. The observed delay in fracture healing is similar to other bisphosphonates. This effect did not occur at a dose approximately 0.5 times the human daily dose.

The Schenk rat assay, based on histologic examination of the epiphyses of growing rats after drug treatment, demonstrated that risedronate did not interfere with bone mineralization even at the highest dose tested, which was approximately 3500 times the lowest antiresorptive dose in this model (1.5 mcg/kg/day) and approximately 800 times the human daily dose of 5 mg. This indicates that Risedronate Sodium administered at the therapeutic dose is unlikely to induce osteomalacia.

Dosing multiples provided above are based on the recommended human dose of 5 mg/day and normalized using body surface area (mg/m2).
The psychosocial needs and risks of children with cancer and their families are well-documented in the literature, including the increased risk of parental distress, posttraumatic stress, and anxiety. There is a critical need to provide evidence-based psychosocial care to parents and caregivers of children with cancer (PCCC), although many challenges exist regarding in-person intervention delivery. eHealth interventions represent an exciting potential opportunity to address many of the barriers to in-person intervention delivery in this population, but are not yet widely utilized in pediatric psychosocial cancer care. The COVID-19 pandemic has further illuminated the need for flexible, acceptable, and accessible eHealth psychosocial interventions.

The Electronic Surviving Cancer Competently Intervention Program (eSCCIP) is an innovative eHealth intervention for PCCC, delivered through a combination of self-guided interactive online content and telehealth follow-up with a therapist. eSCCIP aims to decrease symptoms of acute distress, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress while improving coping abilities by delivering evidence-based therapeutic content through a flexible, easily accessible eHealth tool. The intervention is delivered to one or two PCCC per family, but content is designed to apply to the whole family system. eSCCIP is grounded in principles of cognitive-behavioral and family systems therapy and is adapted from two efficacious in-person interventions for caregivers of children with cancer, the Surviving Cancer Competently Intervention Program (SCCIP) and the Surviving Cancer Competently Intervention Program - Newly Diagnosed (SCCIP-ND). eSSCIP has been rigorously developed through a stakeholder-engaged development process involving close collaboration with PCCC, content experts in pediatric oncology and eHealth, and web design and development experts. A Spanish language adaptation of eSCCIP, El Programa Electronico de Intervencion para Superar Cancer Competentemente (eSCCIP-SP), has recently been developed following a rigorous process and is now ready for testing as well. The self-guided online modules of eSCCIP/eSCCIP-SP feature a mix of didactic video content, novel multifamily video discussion groups featuring parents of children with cancer, and hands-on interactive activities. P

The objective of the proposed study is to test eSCCIP/eSCCIP-SP in a rigorous, multisite RCT compared to an education control condition. The primary study endpoint is a reduction in acute distress from baseline to post-intervention, with secondary endpoints focused on reductions in symptoms of posttraumatic stress and anxiety ,and improvements in coping self-efficacy and cognitive coping. Data will be collected at three timepoints (baseline, post-intervention, and three-month follow-up). An additional, exploratory aim will be focused on implementation strategies and potential costs and cost-savings of eSCCIP/eSCCIP-SP, laying the groundwork for future trials focused on dissemination and implementation, stepped-care models, and intervention refinement.
TAK-925 Placebo, Intravenous single administration. Healthy elderly participants will be enrolled in double blind manner.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a medicine for cosmetic which is excellent in water resistance, processability, miscibility with other components and stability and shows low skin permeability and low toxicity by formulating a specific polymer bearing a UV-light absorbent organic group thereto. SOLUTION: This medicine contains a polymer of formula I (R and R' are each H, an alkali metal, an ammonium and an alkyl; X is a direct linkage and an oxoalkylene bearing an alkylene or 0; Y is a UV-light absorbent organic group; (n) is 2-800). Among compounds of formula I, a compound in which R' is an 8-20C alkyl and a compound in which Y is a group absorbing a light of wavelength of 200-400nm are preferable. As the Y, e.g. groups of formula II and formula III are illustrated. The polymer of formula I is obtained by polymerizing maleic anhydride with a monomer of formula IV.
PURPOSE: Periprosthetic loosening is a major complication after total hip and knee arthroplasty. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential to choose the right therapeutic path and to avoid further complications. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of 68Gallium-Zoledronate ([68Ga]Ga-DOTAZol) PET/CT in detecting periprosthetic loosening in total hip (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
METHODS: This retrospective study included 26 patients with painful prosthesis (THA n = 17; TKA n = 16) and clinical suspicion of periprosthetic loosening, but without a confirmed diagnosis. Patients underwent [68Ga]Ga-DOTAZol PET/CT at least one year post-implantation. Diagnosis was confirmed through revision surgery or long-term clinical follow-up, with an observation period of at least 6 months. The analysis included both an assessment of the prosthesis as a unit and a separate evaluation of the individual components. Statistical analysis involved calculating sensitivity, specificity and accuracy using SPSS.
RESULTS: Overall, a sensitivity of 77.8%, a specificity of 95.8% and an accuracy of 90.9% were found for detecting periprosthetic loosening, when considering the prosthesis as a unit. Individual component analyses showed a sensitivity of 71.4% and specificity of 96.2%.
CONCLUSION: The use of [68Ga]Ga-DOTAZol PET/CT in periprosthetic loosening is a remarkable diagnostic tool and a promising approach. In comparison to established radionuclide tracers, 68Gallium-Zoledronate offers notable advantages due to its availability via 68Ge/68Ga-generators, improving its potential for clinical application.
The safety and effectiveness of escitalopram have been established in adolescents (12 to 17 years of age) for the treatment of major depressive disorder [ see Clinical Studies ( 14.1) ]. Although maintenance efficacy in adolescent patients with major depressive disorder has not been systematically evaluated, maintenance efficacy can be extrapolated from adult data along with comparisons of escitalopram pharmacokinetic parameters in adults and adolescent patients. 

The safety and effectiveness of escitalopram have not been established in pediatric (younger than 12 years of age) patients with major depressive disorder. In a 24-week, open-label safety study in 118 children (aged 7 to 11 years) who had major depressive disorder, the safety findings were consistent with the known safety and tolerability profile for escitalopram. 

Safety and effectiveness of escitalopram has not been established in pediatric patients less than 18 years of age with Generalized Anxiety Disorder. 

Decreased appetite and weight loss have been observed in association with the use of SSRIs. Consequently, regular monitoring of weight and growth should be performed in children and adolescents treated with an SSRI such as escitalopram.
Chronic pruritus is a distressing condition that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Recent research has increasingly focused on the potential role of vitamin D, given its immunomodulatory properties, in managing this condition. This meta-analysis seeks to systematically assess the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in alleviating chronic pruritus across diverse clinical contexts. We conducted an extensive search through multiple databases, covering literature up to July 2024, to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effect of vitamin D on chronic pruritus. Eligible studies were those that provided data on changes in pruritus severity, as measured by standardized tools, before and after vitamin D treatment. The data were synthesized using a random-effects model to address variability among the studies. This meta-analysis is registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42024579353). The findings indicate that vitamin D supplementation is associated with a significant reduction in pruritus severity, the skin lesion area, and levels of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), compared to controls. These results suggest that vitamin D could be a promising therapeutic option for chronic pruritus, though further rigorous studies are required to validate these findings and to elucidate the mechanisms involved.
BACKGROUND: Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency that causes acute abdominal pain and affects approximately 7-8% of the population during their lifetime. The closure of the appendix stump during laparoscopic appendectomy is one of the most critical steps of the surgery to prevent life-threatening complications such as postoperative fistula, peritonitis, and sepsis. The mate-rial chosen for appendix stump closure must be effective, safe, and economical. However, there is still no consensus on the optimal method for stump closure. In this study, we aimed to compare the advantages and reliability of three different methods used for appendix stump closure.
METHODS: At Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Department of General Surgery, cases that underwent laparoscopic appendectomy for acute appendicitis between January 2022 and April 2024 were retrospectively analyzed using the hospital's data system. The patients' demographic data, laboratory values, pathology reports, surgical notes, duration of hospital stay, duration of surgery, total hospital costs, complications related to the surgery within 30 days postoperatively, and the management of these complications were examined.
RESULTS: The study included a total of 150 individuals, with 83 (55.33%) males and 67 (44.67%) females. The average age of the participants was 38.45±14.48 years. In terms of the materials used for stump closure, endoloop was used in 82 (54.67%) cases, Hem-o-lok clip in 30 (20.00%) cases, and endostapler in 38 (25.33%) cases. In 144 (96%) cases, no Clavien-Dindo (CD) complications were observed, while complications occurred in six (4%) cases. These six complications included two intra-abdominal abscesses (CD Grade 3), two wound infections (CD Grade 1), one case of bleeding (CD Grade 2), and one pulmonary embolism (CD Grade 4).
CONCLUSION: The use of endoloop, polymeric clips, and endostapler in laparoscopic appendectomy is safe and effective for appendectomy. All three methods can be successfully applied without an increase in intraoperative or postoperative complications. However, due to the higher treatment costs associated with endostapler, its use should be reserved for situations where securing the appendix stump cannot be achieved with endoloop or Hem-o-lok clip.
INTRODUCTION: Although precautions taken for surgical procedures are strict and effective in most operative theaters, the incidence of retained foreign bodies following surgery has a reported rate of 0.01-0.001%, of which gossypibomas make up 80% of cases.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 42-year-old woman who was Oromo in ethnicity came to the hospital with symptoms of infection, including pus drainage from her lower abdominal incision, fever, chills, and weight loss. Tests indicated an intraabdominal mass consistent with a foreign body from a previous surgery. An exploratory laparotomy revealed a surgical pack causing intestinal perforations. The foreign body was removed, and the patient recovered well postoperatively.
CONCLUSION: Retained surgical items are serious problems of surgical operations that can result in morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it should be among the differential diagnoses of any abdominal pain in patients having a history of prior surgery.
Opioids cross the placenta and may produce respiratory depression and psycho-physiologic effects in neonates. An opioid antagonist, such as naloxone, must be available for reversal of opioid-induced respiratory depression in the neonate. TREZIX™ is not recommended for use in pregnant women during or immediately prior to labor, when other analgesic techniques are more appropriate. Opioid analgesics, including TREZIX™, and can prolong labor through actions which temporarily reduce the strength, duration, and frequency of uterine contractions. However, this effect is not consistent and may be offset by an increased rate of cervical dilation, which tends to shorten labor. Monitor neonates exposed to opioid analgesics during labor for signs of excess sedation and respiratory depression.
Auricular acupressure therapy will be added based on the estazolam reduction method in the control group. The specific auricular points to be treated are Shenmen (TF4), Sympathetic (AH6), Endocrine (CO18), Heart (CO15), Liver (CO12) and Kidney (CO10). During the treatment, the acupuncturist will use a metal probe to identify the auricular points and ask the patients if they experience "deqi" sensations such as heat, numbness, distension, or pain. Once the auricular points have been confirmed, the ear will be disinfected using a 75% ethanol solution and dried using a sterile dry cotton ball. The acupuncturist will then hold the ear in place with their left hand while using their right hand to manipulate a tweezer and apply tape (0.5 x 0.5 cm) with vaccaria (Suzhou Konakang Medical Instrument Co., LTD., Suzhou, China) to the selected auricular point.
The invention discloses oral administrating and external applying black-and-white-tea-match health-preserving and beautifying combination packages as well as a preparation method thereof. The oral taking and external applying black-and-white-tea-match health-preserving and beautifying combination packages are composed of oral taking parts and external applying parts, wherein the oral taking parts are black-and-white-tea-match granules and the external applying parts are black-and-white-tea-match masks; and the combination packages are designed according to different types of consumers, and are easy to use, convenient to carry and suitable for usages at home or in traveling. The treatment idea of traditional-Chinese-medicine beautifying, i.e. carrying out oral administrating and external applying together, is fully utilized in the combination packages. The healthcare functions and the beatifying functions of the black tea and the white tea are integrated, and the combination packages are designed for the sub-health problems of the consumer crowds, so that the combination packages meet the pursuits of health and the yearnings for beauty of the consumers. According to the designs of the oral taking parts, a mode combining a supercritical fluid extraction method (SFE) and a solid-phase micro-extraction method (SPME) is utilized, so as to preserve unique tea-fragrance material compositions of the black tea and the white tea as well as improve the tea fragrance of the granules. In addition, unique compositions of the tea leaves, including theanine and total flavonoids, are applied to the external applying parts so as to enhance the skincare effects; thus, the external applying parts have the effects of improving skin gloss and enhancing antioxidant capacities of the skin; moreover, the external applying parts have certain absorption and protection effects to the ultraviolet.
The effect of hepatic impairment on dutasteride and tamsulosin pharmacokinetics has not been studied using dutasteride and tamsulosin hydrochloride capsules. The following text reflects information available for the individual components. 

Dutasteride: The effect of hepatic impairment on dutasteride pharmacokinetics has not been studied. Because dutasteride is extensively metabolized, exposure could be higher in hepatically impaired patients. However, in a clinical trial where 60 subjects received 5 mg (10 times the therapeutic dose) daily for 24 weeks, no additional adverse events were observed compared with those observed at the therapeutic dose of 0.5 mg [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. 

Tamsulosin: Patients with moderate hepatic impairment do not require an adjustment in tamsulosin dosage. Tamsulosin has not been studied in patients with severe hepatic impairment [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].