anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention belongs to a traditional Chinese composition and an application method thereof, and in particular relates to a composition for treating sphagitis. The composition is prepared by combining honeysuckle, broadleaf holly leaf, platycodon grandiflorum, liquorice, dried tangerine peel and Chinese olive; crushing the six raw materials respectively; combining the raw materials in a proportion to form a composition; and packaging the composition to form a finished product composition. Each composition is decocted into decoction, is mixed with honey, and is taken in different times when the composition is applied. The six raw materials in the composition have a treatment effect on sphagitis, and the seven raw materials are compatibly combined with excellent treatment effect on acute (chronic) sphagitis, odontitis, oral inflammation, fever and other syptoms. Sphagitis can be cured when the composition is drunk for 1-2 courses of treatment, and the effect is extremely remarkable. Furthermore, the composition is not only excellent in curative effect for treating sphagitis, but also good in health-care effect in other aspects, is wide in drinking available range, is suitable for people of all ages without limitation of people, and is worthy of popularization and application.
BACKGROUND: Urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS), which includes interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) and chronic prostatitis (CP/CPPS), is associated with increased voiding frequency, nocturia, and chronic pelvic pain. The cause of these diseases is unknown and likely involves many different mechanisms. Dysregulated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) signaling is a potential pathologic mechanism for IC/BPS and CP/CPPS. Many angiotensin receptor downstream signaling factors, including oxidative stress, fibrosis, mast cell recruitment, and increased inflammatory mediators, are present in the bladders of IC/BPS patients and prostates of CP/CPPS patients. Therefore, we aimed to test the hypothesis that UCPPS patients have dysregulated angiotensin signaling, resulting in increased hypertension compared to controls. Secondly, we evaluated symptom severity in patients with and without hypertension and antihypertensive medication use.
METHODS: Data from UCPPS patients (n = 424), fibromyalgia or irritable bowel syndrome (positive controls, n = 200), and healthy controls (n = 415) were obtained from the NIDDK Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain I (MAPP-I). Diagnosis of hypertension, current antihypertensive medications, pain severity, and urinary symptom severity were analyzed using chi-square test and t-test.
RESULTS: The combination of diagnosis and antihypertensive medications use was highest in the UCPPS group (n = 74, 18%), followed by positive (n = 34, 17%) and healthy controls (n = 48, 12%, p = 0.04). There were no differences in symptom severity based on hypertension in UCPPS and CP/CPPS; however, IC/BPS had worse ICSI (p = 0.031), AUA-SI (p = 0.04), and BPI pain severity (0.02). Patients (n = 7) with a hypertension diagnosis not on antihypertensive medications reported the greatest severity of pain and urinary symptoms.
CONCLUSION: This pattern of findings suggests that there may be a relationship between hypertension and UCPPS. Treating hypertension among these patients may result in reduced pain and symptom severity. Further investigation on the relationship between hypertension, antihypertensive medication use, and UCPPS and the role of angiotensin signaling in UCPPS conditions is needed.
Iobenguane is rapidly cleared from the blood and accumulates in adrenergically innervated tissues [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.1)]. Retention is especially prolonged in highly adrenergically innervated tissues (e.g., the adrenal medulla, heart, and salivary glands).

The majority of the iobenguane dose is excreted unaltered by the kidneys via glomerular filtration. A rapid initial clearance of circulating iobenguane is observed, followed by a slow clearance as iobenguane is released from other compartments. In patients with normal renal function, 70 to 90% of the administered dose is recovered unaltered in urine within 4 days. Iobenguane is not cleared by dialysis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]. Most of the remaining radioactivity recovered in the urine is in the form of the radioiodinated metabolite m-iodohippuric acid (MIHA) (typically ≤ 10%) and free radioiodide (typically ≤ 6%). The enzymatic process responsible for metabolism has not been well characterized and the pharmacologic activity of these metabolites has not been studied. Only a small amount (< 1%) of the injected dose is eliminated via the feces.
Risperidone was started at 0.5mg at bedtime for 4 days. If that dosage was tolerated and there were continued behavioral symptoms, the dose was increased to 1mg at bedtime for an additional 4 days. If tolerated and indicated, 0.5mg was added in the morning for a daily total of 1.5 mg.
Participants will have at least three study visits. The first visit (T1) will consist of a baseline test, during which participants will complete a simulated encounter with a standardized patient (SP) to establish a baseline score. The second visit (T2) will be scheduled 4-8 weeks after T1 and will consist of another simulated encounter with the SP; following this session, participants in Group B will be introduced to the intervention. Group B will return for a third visit (T3) to provide information on how the curriculum impacts their score.
IMPORTANCE: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), comprising apixaban, rivaroxaban, edoxaban, and dabigatran, are commonly used medications to treat patients with atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism. Decisions about how to manage DOACs in patients undergoing a surgical or nonsurgical procedure are important to decrease the risks of bleeding and thromboembolism.
OBSERVATIONS: For elective surgical or nonsurgical procedures, a standardized approach to perioperative DOAC management involves classifying the risk of procedure-related bleeding as minimal (eg, minor dental or skin procedures), low to moderate (eg, cholecystectomy, inguinal hernia repair), or high risk (eg, major cancer or joint replacement procedures). For patients undergoing minimal bleeding risk procedures, DOACs may be continued, or if there is concern about excessive bleeding, DOACs may be discontinued on the day of the procedure. Patients undergoing a low to moderate bleeding risk procedure should typically discontinue DOACs 1 day before the operation and restart DOACs 1 day after. Patients undergoing a high bleeding risk procedure should stop DOACs 2 days prior to the operation and restart DOACs 2 days after. With this perioperative DOAC management strategy, rates of thromboembolism (0.2%-0.4%) and major bleeding (1%-2%) are low and delays or cancellations of surgical and nonsurgical procedures are infrequent. Patients taking DOACs who need emergent (<6 hours after presentation) or urgent surgical procedures (6-24 hours after presentation) experience bleeding rates up to 23% and thromboembolism as high as 11%. Laboratory testing to measure preoperative DOAC levels may be useful to determine whether patients should receive a DOAC reversal agent (eg, prothrombin complex concentrates, idarucizumab, or andexanet-α) prior to an emergent or urgent procedure.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: When patients who are taking a DOAC require an elective surgical or nonsurgical procedure, standardized management protocols can be applied that do not require testing DOAC levels or heparin bridging. When patients taking a DOAC require an emergent, urgent, or semiurgent surgical procedure, anticoagulant reversal agents may be appropriate when DOAC levels are elevated or not available.
AIDS patients may not tolerate or respond to sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in the same manner as non-AIDS patients. The incidence of side effects, particularly rash, fever, leukopenia and elevated aminotransferase (transaminase) values, with sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim therapy in AIDS patients who are being treated for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia has been reported to be greatly increased compared with the incidence normally associated with the use of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in non-AIDS patients. The incidence of hyperkalemia appears to be increased in AIDS patients receiving sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. Adverse effects are generally less severe in patients receiving sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim for prophylaxis. A history of mild intolerance to sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in AIDS patients does not appear to predict intolerance of subsequent secondary prophylaxis.6 However, if a patient develops skin rash or any sign of adverse reaction, therapy with sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim should be reevaluated (see WARNINGS).  
  
High dosage of trimethoprim, as used in patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, induces a progressive but reversible increase of serum potassium concentrations in a substantial number of patients. Even treatment with recommended doses may cause hyperkalemia when trimethoprim is administered to patients with underlying disorders of potassium metabolism, with renal insufficiency, or if drugs known to induce hyperkalemia are given concomitantly. Close monitoring of serum potassium is warranted in these patients.  
  
During treatment, adequate fluid intake and urinary output should be ensured to prevent crystalluria. Patients who are “slow acetylators” may be more prone to idiosyncratic reactions to sulfonamides.
PURPOSE: AZD5991, a human MCL-1 inhibitor, was assessed for safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor activity as monotherapy and in combination with venetoclax in patients with relapsed or refractory hematologic malignancies.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: In the monotherapy cohort (n = 61), patients with hematologic malignancies received AZD5991 intravenously in escalating doses either once or twice weekly, following intrapatient dose escalation, during a 3-week cycle. In the combination cohort (n = 17), patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome received escalating doses of AZD5991 and venetoclax during either a 3- or 4-week cycle. Primary objectives were safety and maximum tolerated dose; secondary objectives included plasma pharmacokinetics and antitumor activity.
RESULTS: The most common (≥30%) adverse events were diarrhea (59.0%), nausea (55.1%), and vomiting (47.4%). Four deaths occurred because of adverse events: cardiac arrest, sepsis, tumor lysis syndrome, and acute respiratory failure; only tumor lysis syndrome was related to AZD5991. Dose-limiting toxicities occurred in five patients. Three patients with myelodysplastic syndrome achieved an objective response: one marrow complete remission without hematologic improvement, one partial remission with AZD5991 monotherapy, and one marrow complete remission with AZD5991 + venetoclax. Asymptomatic elevations of troponin I or T were observed in eight (10.3%) patients. Post hoc retrospective analysis revealed elevated troponin T in 14/31 patients before any AZD5991 dose and in 54/65 patients after any AZD5991 dose at or after Cycle 1. No associations were found between elevated troponin and cardiovascular risk factors.
CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with AZD5991 was associated with high incidence of laboratory troponin elevation and a low overall response rate.
Based on the observation of the cooperation of osteopontin (OPN) and matrixmetalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the promotion of the metastatic phenotype, therapies and diagnostic assays are disclosed for the treatment of a tumor that overexpresses OPN, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), for example metastatic HCC. In one example, methods of treating a tumor include administration of an agent that reduces cellular invasion resulting from the interaction between a fragment of OPN (OPN-5kD) generated by MMP-9 cleavage and CD44 receptor. Examples of such agents include fragments of OPN-5 kD and antibodies specific for OPN-5kD. Therapeutic compositions are also provided that include such agents. Also provided are methods of diagnosing or prognosing a tumor, for example by detecting expression of OPN-5kD peptide or OPN-c mRNA in a biological sample obtained from the subject. Also provided are antibodies that specifically bind OPN-5kD.
Photorespiratory serine hydroxymethyltransferases (SHMTs) are important enzymes of cellular one-carbon metabolism. In this study, we investigated the potential role of SHMT6 in Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that SHMT6 is localized in the nucleus and expressed in different tissues during development. Interestingly SHMT6 is inducible in response to avirulent, virulent Pseudomonas syringae and to Fusarium oxysporum infection. Overexpression of SHMT6 leads to larger flowers, siliques, seeds, roots, and consequently an enhanced overall biomass. This enhanced growth was accompanied by increased stomatal conductance and photosynthetic capacity as well as ATP, protein, and chlorophyll levels. By contrast, a shmt6 knockout mutant displayed reduced growth. When challenged with Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000 expressing AvrRpm1, SHMT6 overexpression lines displayed a clear hypersensitive response which was characterized by enhanced electrolyte leakage and reduced bacterial growth. In response to virulent Pst DC3000, the shmt6 mutant developed severe disease symptoms and becomes very susceptible, whereas SHMT6 overexpression lines showed enhanced resistance with increased expression of defense pathway associated genes. In response to Fusarium oxysporum, overexpression lines showed a reduction in symptoms. Moreover, SHMT6 overexpression lead to enhanced production of ethylene and lignin, which are important components of the defense response. Collectively, our data revealed that SHMT6 plays an important role in development and defense against pathogens.
Participants will administer lotemax gel 0.5 % BID in both eyes (OU) for 2 weeks, then administer both lotemax gel 0.5% and restasis emulsion 0.05% BID OU for 2 weeks, then administer restasis emulsion 0.05% BID OU for 8 weeks. Participants will also receive preservative-free Soothe Lubricant Eye Drops as needed (up to 4 times per day).
GFRAL-expressing neurons actuate aversion and nausea, are targets for obesity treatment, and may mediate metformin effects by long-term GDF15-GFRAL agonism. Whether GFRAL+ neurons acutely regulate glucose and energy homeostasis is, however, underexplored. Here, we report that cell-specific activation of GFRAL+ neurons using a variety of techniques causes a torpor-like state, including hypothermia, the release of stress hormones, a shift from glucose to lipid oxidation, and impaired insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and skeletal muscle glucose uptake but augmented glucose uptake in visceral fat. Metabolomic analysis of blood and transcriptomics of muscle and fat indicate alterations in ketogenesis, insulin signaling, adipose tissue differentiation and mitogenesis, and energy fluxes. Our findings indicate that acute GFRAL+ neuron activation induces endocrine and gluco- and thermoregulatory responses associated with nausea and torpor. While chronic activation of GFRAL signaling promotes weight loss in obesity, these results show that acute activation of GFRAL+ neurons causes hypothermia and hyperglycemia.
Beginning with a 5-minute Sticker Sorting exercise, the intervention aims to improve fine motor skills, hand-eye coordination, and cognitive abilities via the use of colorful stickers with varying sizes and textures. Children can then go on to the next activity during a quick 1-minute Rest \& Reflection phase. In the eight-minute segment Beads on Parade, participants practice bilateral hand usage, fine motor coordination, and visual-motor integration by stringing colorful beads onto threads or wires. Pegboard Activities, an 8-minute exercise that emphasizes accuracy, hand strength, and spatial awareness through the positioning of pegs onto a board with corresponding holes, is preceded by another brief reflective pause. The following five-minute Sensory Bins practice promotes tactile exploration with objects like beans or rice, developing tactile sensitivity and sensory awareness. An eight-minute session called "Sculpture Building" focuses on developing hand strength, coordination, creativity, and fine motor abilities via the creation of three-dimensional shapes using clay. A 5-minute break is followed by Finger Painting \& Drawing with Different Tools, an activity that uses a variety of painting tools to improve hand control and fine motor skills. The last part, a five-minute musical instrument play, comes after the last period of relaxation. Through tactile and aural experiences, children are encouraged to use hand to make various sounds and rhythms, encouraging bilateral coordination, fine motor control, and sensory integration.
What is COVID-19? The ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused when an individual is infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This infection can result in pneumonia involving the small airways and alveoli (the tiny air sacs at the end of the airways that help oxygen get into the blood). COVID-19 can cause damage to the lungs, making it hard to breathe without medical help. To understand what is happening to a patient's lungs, doctors may use imaging tests such as chest x-rays or CT Scans (computed tomography). However, these types of tests may not tell the Investigators the whole story.

What is the purpose of the study? Led by The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), this study is being done to determine if MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans can tell the Investigators more about the lungs of people who had COVID-19. The Investigators will use a special type of MRI where participants breathe in a special gas (hyperpolarized xenon-129) before they have the MRI. This gas will help the Investigators to see' the lungs. The advantage of MRI scans is that there is no radiation involved in these types of images.

What is involved? In this study, participants will have an MRI of their lungs. The Investigators will examine these MRI scans to see if the Investigators can identify any changes in the structure or the function of the lung. If the Investigators do find any changes, they will see how these changes relate to other tests that have been conducted or other parts of the clinical story.

The participants will be asked to come to SickKids for 3 study visits. A fourth visit will be conducted via telephone. These visits will span over 3 years. Each study visit will take about 4 hours. If the participant is unable to attend one of the in-person visits, they will be given the option for a phone/virtual visit instead.
A community intervention trial will be conducted at four public elementary schools of the Coyoacan Delegation in Mexico City. It will include healthy first graders during the 2017-2018 school year whose parents agree to participate through verbal informed consent and a signed privacy notice. These parents will complete a baseline 3-day beverage record (two weekdays and one weekend day). The four schools will be assigned to one of three groups: Group I will receive the educational strategy during the first grade; Group II will receive it during first and second grades; and Group III will receive it during the first, second, and third grades. All schools will have water dispensers inside the classrooms, and the children will receive a reusable 600-mL bottle so they are able to consume water on demand throughout the day. A second record of beverage consumption will be obtained by completing multiple interventions within each group, and a third record will be completed 1 year later.
The process of adipocyte browning has recently emerged as a novel therapeutic target for combating obesity and obesity-related diseases. Non-shivering thermogenesis is the process of biological heat production in mammals and is primarily mediated via brown adipose tissue (BAT). The recruitment and activation of BAT can be induced through chemical drugs and nutrients, with subsequent beneficial health effects through the utilization of carbohydrates and fats to generate heat to maintain body temperature. However, since potent drugs may show adverse side effects, nutritional or natural substances could be safe and effective as potential adipocyte browning agents. This review aims to provide an extensive overview of the natural food compounds that have been shown to activate brown adipocytes in humans, animals, and in cultured cells. In addition, some key genetic and molecular targets and the mechanisms of action of these natural compounds reported to have therapeutic potential to combat obesity are discussed.
This is a Treatment clinical trial, randomized, controlled, parallel, double-blinded, with four groups, that aims to evaluate the best application strategy when using a new Universal Adhesive system, Futurabond Universal (VOCO GmbH, Germany). Volunteers will be selected and recruited,following inclusion criteria and pre-established exclusion. All volunteers will be informed and sign a term of clarification and consent. All 50 enrolled patients will receive Class V dental restorations, made in four different ways, one from each experimental group, using the same universal self-etching adhesive system, which is the tested material in this study. All patients must have at only 20 teeth in function, must have at only 2 non carious cervical lesions (NCCL), in different teeth, that need restoration. Those lesions must be non carious, must be more than 1 mm deep, should have exposed dentin, and must have at only 50% of margins in enamel. Teeth should not present periodontal mobility. Firstly, the patient will be anesthetized locally with 3% Mepivacaine solution, followed by prophylaxis with pumice powder and water. All cavities will be washed and dried after these procedures for optimal selection of color, using a color scale. Then, the rubber dam isolation of the teeth to be restored will be held. Non-carious cervical lesions will receive the applied adhesive system in 4 different protocols separated by groups. Group Self Etching (SET) (control): no conditioning, the adhesive system will be used in 50 teeth, according to the manufacturer's instructions, in the self-etching mode. The adhesive system will be brushed during 20 seconds in the cavity, will be air-dried during 5 seconds, and activated during 10 seconds with Light Emission Diode (LED) light; Group SEE (Selective enamel etching): 37% phosphoric acid will be applied during 30 seconds, only in enamel in 50 teeth. This acid will be removed using water, the cavity will be air-dried, and then, the adhesive will be applied according to the manufacturer's instructions, as described in group SET; Group ERDry (Etch\& Rinse Dry): 37% phosphoric acid will be applied during 30 seconds, only in enamel and during 15 seconds only in dentin, in 50 teeth. This acid will be removed using water, the cavity will be air-dried, keeping dentin dry, and then, the adhesive will be applied according to the manufacturer's instructions, as described in group SET; Group ERWet (Etch\& Rinse Wet): 37% phosphoric acid will be applied during 30 seconds, only in enamel and during 15 seconds only in dentin, in 50 teeth. This acid will be removed using water, the cavity will be air-dried, keeping dentin wet, and then, the adhesive will be applied according to the manufacturer's instructions, as described in group SET. After applying the adhesive, the restorations will be made with composite Admira Fusion (VOCO GmbH, Germany), and evaluated every 6 months for pain assessment, shape, staining or recurrent caries, using scores. To determine in which group each tooth will be enrolled, the authors will randomize the teeth.