anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention relates to the field of medicine, in particular to rice chaff extract, a preparation method and application in medicine and health-care food. The rice husk bran extract disclosed by the invention contains the following components in percentage by weight: 50% -90% of triacontanol, 1% -20% of octacosanol and 5% -30% of dotriacontanol. The invention is prepared by extracting rice chaff as raw material. The rice husk bran extract has an enhancement effect on immune function, and the result proves that the rice husk bran extract has obvious promotion effects on the generation of mouse hemolysin antibody, the phagocytosis of mouse abdominal cavity macrophages and the proliferation of mouse spleen lymphocytes. And can activate the activity of NK cells of mice and obviously antagonize the leukopenia of mice with Lewis lung cancer caused by cyclophosphamide. In addition, the rice husk extract can obviously reduce TC, TG and LDL-C levels of serum of rat with hyperlipidemia, and simultaneously increase HDL-C level of serum. The invention relates to application of rice husk bran extract in preparation of medicines and health-care products. In particular to the application in the preparation of the medicine and the health care product for enhancing the immunologic function and reducing the blood fat.
Given the pernicious reach of obesity and the evidence that current behavioral treatments are modestly effective at changing weight, efforts to refine behavioral recommendations in order to improve weight loss interventions are crucial. Frequency of tracking body weight presents itself as a prime target for behavioral enhancement during weight loss. Daily self-monitoring (e.g., of dietary intake and physical activity) is already well-established as a central component of the behavioral weight loss process. However, the current standard of care in behavioral weight loss with regard to weighing is weekly tracking of weight, and some programs caution against any weight tracking. It has been suggested that frequent weight tracking may have a negative impact on mental health and outcomes during weight loss, but there are minimal data that address this concern experimentally in the context of an active weight loss program. Observational evidence from behavioral weight control trials and community studies suggests that greater frequency of tracking weight is associated with better weight outcomes. Stronger experimental evidence is needed to establish a causal link between weight tracking and weight outcomes and to elucidate the impact on mental health during weight loss. To achieve the long-term goal of strengthening behavioral weight loss programs, the purpose of this project is to test an enhanced, daily weight tracking instruction against the current standard of care (weekly weight tracking) and an alternate model of care with very limited data (no weight tracking). In pursuit of study goals, 336 overweight and obese adults will be recruited and randomized to one of three 12-month weight loss interventions with a 12-month follow-up (24 months total time in study): the standard of care (weekly weight tracking during weight loss), an enhanced condition (daily weight tracking during weight loss), or a comparison condition (no weight tracking during weight loss). The rationale behind this proposal is that within the context of social ecology and a social-cognitive framework of behavior change, enhancement of this key environmental feature (i.e., the weight tracking environment) during weight loss will contribute to success by promoting self-efficacy for this critical behavior. Specific aims of the study will seek to determine the effects of weight tracking frequency on the weight loss process and outcomes, as well as to elucidate the effects of weight tracking frequency on mental health during weight loss. This study will have the expected outcome of enhancing the standard of care for weight loss, leading to better weight control for overweight and obese adults and thus directly mitigating the public health impact of the obesity crisis.
The present study probes into the complexities of wound management in obesity by proposing a novel biomaterial designed to reprogram the altered skin physiology prevalent in obese conditions. The strategy involves the development of a multifunctional biomaterial addressing issues such as excessive exudate, pressure ulcers, and reduced vascularity. The bio-matrix demonstrates the localized transformation of white adipocytes through trans-browning, coupled with the simultaneous induction of angiogenesis at obese wound sites, resulting in expedited wound closure. The collagen bio-matrices, stabilized with Resveratrol (Rsv), exhibit remarkable thermal, mechanical, and biological stability. The porous 3D microstructure of the Rsv-stabilized collagen bio-matrix closely resembled the natural extracellular matrix, facilitating effective cell adhesion. The bio-matrix exhibited the unique capability to induce localized thermogenesis in the subcutaneous fat layer while concurrently activating angiogenesis. In vivo wound healing studies conducted on DIO-C57BL6 mice demonstrated complete healing within 10 days, showcasing accelerated tissue regeneration, blood vessel formation, robust collagen deposition, and significant activation of browning in the subcutaneous adipose layer. This study introduces the concept of tailored regenerative biomaterials with the ability to reprogram the challenging wound environment associated with obesity. This innovative approach opens up new avenues for enhanced wound care strategies, particularly for bariatric patients.
BACKGROUND: The timely and accurate diagnosis of bloodstream infection (BSI) is critical for patient management. With longstanding challenges for routine blood culture, metagenomics is a promising approach to rapidly provide sequence-based detection and characterisation of bloodborne bacteria. Long-read sequencing technologies have successfully supported the use of clinical metagenomics for syndromes such as respiratory illness, and modified approaches may address two requisite factors for metagenomics to be used as a BSI diagnostic: depletion of the high level of host DNA to then detect the low abundance of microbes in blood.
METHODS: Blood samples from healthy donors were spiked with different concentrations of four prevalent causative species of BSI. All samples were then subjected to a modified saponin-based host DNA depletion protocol and optimised DNA extraction, whole genome amplification and debranching steps in preparation for sequencing, followed by bioinformatical analyses. Two related variants of the protocol are presented: 1mL of blood processed without bacterial enrichment, and 5mL of blood processed following a rapid bacterial enrichment protocol-SepsiPURE.
RESULTS: After first identifying that a large proportion of host mitochondrial DNA remained, the host depletion process was optimised by increasing saponin concentration to 3% and scaling the reaction to allow more sample volume. Compared to non-depleted controls, the 3% saponin-based depletion protocol reduced the presence of host chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA < 106 and < 103 fold respectively. When the modified depletion method was further combined with a rapid bacterial enrichment method (SepsiPURE; with 5mL blood samples) the depletion of mitochondrial DNA improved by a further > 10X while also increasing detectable bacteria by > 10X. Parameters during DNA extraction, whole genome amplification and long-read sequencing were also adjusted, and subsequently amplicons were detected for each input bacterial species at each of the spiked concentrations, ranging from 50-100 colony forming units (CFU)/mL to 1-5 CFU/mL.
CONCLUSION: In this proof-of-concept study, four prevalent BSI causative species were detected in under 12 h to species level (with antimicrobial resistance determinants) at concentrations relevant to clinical blood samples. The use of a rapid and precise metagenomic protocols has the potential to advance the diagnosis of BSI.
The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Decisions to include these reactions in labeling are typically based on one or more of the following factors: (1) seriousness of the reaction, (2) frequency of reporting, or (3) strength of causal connection to irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide.

The following have been very rarely reported with irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide monotherapies: urticaria, jaundice, hepatitis, thrombocytopenia, and impaired renal function including renal failure.

The following have been reported with irbesartan monotherapy: tinnitus, hyperkalemia, angioedema (involving swelling of the face, lips, pharynx, and/or tongue), anaphylactic reaction including anaphylactic shock, and increased CPK.

The following have been reported with hydrochlorothiazide monotherapy: secondary acute angle-closure glaucoma and/or acute myopia.
Systems and methods are provided for patient evaluation. The systems may include a mobile device and a central server. The mobile device can conduct an automated assessment that detects at least one of traumatic brain injury or concussion in a patient. The automated assessment can include in part displaying a clinical condition questionnaire and receiving responses to the clinical condition questionnaire from the patient. The mobile device can provide a record of the automated assessment of the patient to the central server. The central server can receive the record of the automated assessment of the patient, receive a request to determine a clinical state of a patient, diagnose the clinical state of the patient based on the received record of the automated assessment and stored records of prior automated assessments, and provide an indication of the clinical state of the patient.
The liver is not oblivious to the passage of time, as ageing is a major risk factor for the development of acute and chronic liver diseases. Ageing produces alterations in all hepatic cells, affecting their phenotype and function and worsening the prognosis of liver disease. The ageing process also implies the accumulation of a cellular state characterized by a persistent proliferation arrest and a specific secretory phenotype named cellular senescence. Indeed, senescent cells have key roles in many physiological processes; however, their accumulation owing to ageing or pathological conditions contributes to the damage occurring in chronic diseases. The aim of this Review is to provide an updated description of the pathophysiological events in which hepatic senescent cells are involved and their role in liver disease progression. Finally, we discuss novel geroscience therapies that could be applied to prevent or improve liver diseases and age-mediated hepatic deregulations.
A method for controlling the access of healthcare providers to the medical records of a patient held in a medical record database. A patient controls the access of healthcare providers to the patient's medical records held in a medical record database. The patient determines access rights to be granted to the healthcare provider and generates an access authorisation message which specifies the access rights. The access authorisation message is transmitted from the patient to one or more healthcare providers. The healthcare provider transmits the access authorisation message together with a request for access to the patient's medical records to the medical record database. The medical record database verifies that the access authorisation message originated from the patient before granting the healthcare provider access to the patient's medical records in accordance with the access authorisation message.
Neuroinflammation plays a significant role in ischemic injury, which can be promoted by oxidized mitochondrial DNA (Ox-mtDNA). Cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2 (CMPK2) regulates mtDNA replication, but its role in neuroinflammation and ischemic injury remains unknown. Here, we report that CMPK2 expression is upregulated in monocytes/macrophages and microglia post-stroke in humans and mice, respectively. Microglia/macrophage CMPK2 knockdown using the Cre recombination-dependent adeno-associated virus suppresses the inflammatory responses in the brain, reduces infarcts, and improves neurological outcomes in ischemic CX3CR1Cre/ERT2 mice. Mechanistically, CMPK2 knockdown limits newly synthesized mtDNA and Ox-mtDNA formation and subsequently blocks NLRP3 inflammasome activation in microglia/macrophages. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), as a CMPK2 inhibitor, is discovered to reduce neuroinflammation and ischemic injury in mice and prevent the inflammatory responses in primary human monocytes from ischemic patients. Thus, these findings identify CMPK2 as a promising therapeutic target for ischemic stroke and other brain disorders associated with neuroinflammation.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing solid state crystallized shaped particle of allotropic organic compound.SOLUTION: The method for producing solid state crystallized shaped particles of allotropic organic compounds includes steps of: (a) creating a mixture consisting essentially of two or more allotropic organic compounds wherein each of the compounds is of mixed crystalline, amorphous, or both crystalline and amorphous form; (b) fabricating the mixture into a plurality of spherical particles; (c) exposing the spherical particles to an atmosphere containing vapors of one or more solvents for each of the allotropic organic compounds for a time sufficient to effect a solid state crystallization of each of the allotropic organic compounds to its most stable crystalline form; and (d) recovering the particles. Additionally, there are provided extraordinarily stable shaped particles of allotropic organic compounds. The particles can be shaped according to the desired application. Preferred shapes of such particles are microspheres, particularly those having diameters of about 1-1,000 micrometers. The stable shaped particles are particularly well-suited to the production of pharmaceutical formulations, particularly where sustained release and uniform bioavailability are desired. The storage stable particles are formed by a solid state crystallization of allotropic organic compounds. The solid state crystallization method affords a means for achieving a storage stable crystalline form of the allotropic compound without loss or deterioration of the original particle dimensions.
BACKGROUND: Groin hernia repair (GHR) is a performed procedure worldwide, with approximately 20 million surgeries carried out each year. Despite being less common in females, there is a lack of research on how sex influences the outcomes of GHR. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to assess how patient sex impacts results in GHR.
METHODS: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched for studies up to October 2023 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The studies included focused on sex outcomes for both robotic and open GHR procedures. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted using the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies - Of Interventions tool. Our statistical analysis was performed using the metafor package in RStudio.
RESULTS: After screening a total of 3917 articles, we identified 29 studies that met our criteria, comprising a total of 1,236,694 patients. Among them, 98,641 (7.98%) patients were females. Our findings showed that females had higher rates of hernia recurrence (RR 1.28), chronic pain (RR 1.52), and surgical site infections (SSIs) (RR 1.46) compared to males. Females showed a lower tendency to undergo minimally invasive surgery (MIS) with a relative risk of 0.82 (95% CI 0.69-0.97; p = 0.02).
CONCLUSION: Females tend to face higher rates of complications after GHR such as an elevated risk of chronic pain, recurrence, and surgical site infections (SSI). Moreover, they undergo fewer MIS options compared to males. These results underscore the importance of research to enhance outcomes for women undergoing GHR.
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether older adults who develop geriatric syndromes following elective gastrointestinal surgery have poorer 1-year outcomes.
BACKGROUND: Within 10 years, 70% of all cancers will occur in older adults ≥65 years old. The rise in older adults requiring major surgery has brought attention to age-related complications termed geriatric syndromes. However, whether postoperative geriatric syndromes are associated with long-term outcomes is unclear.
METHODS: A population-based retrospective cohort study using the New York State Cancer Registry and the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System was performed including patients >55 years with pathologic stage I-III esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, colon, or rectal cancer who underwent elective resection between 2004 and 2018. Those aged 55 to 64 served as the reference group. The exposure of interest was a geriatric syndrome [fracture, fall, delirium, pressure ulcer, depression, malnutrition, failure to thrive, dehydration, or incontinence (urinary/fecal)] during the surgical admission. Patients with any geriatric syndrome within 1 year of surgery were excluded. Outcomes included incident geriatric syndrome, 1-year days alive and out of the hospital, and 1-year all-cause mortality.
RESULTS: In this study, 37,998 patients with a median age of 71 years without a prior geriatric syndrome were included. Of those 65 years or more, 6.4% developed a geriatric syndrome. Factors associated with an incident geriatric syndrome were age, alcohol/tobacco use, comorbidities, neoadjuvant therapy, ostomies, open surgery, and upper gastrointestinal cancers. An incident geriatric syndrome was associated with a 43% higher risk of 1-year mortality (hazard ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.27-1.60). For those aged 65+ discharged alive and not to hospice, a geriatric syndrome was associated with significantly fewer days alive and out of hospital (322 vs 346 days, P < 0.0001). There was an indirect relationship between the number of geriatric syndromes and 1-year mortality and days alive and out of the hospital after adjusting for surgical complications.
CONCLUSIONS: Given the increase in older adults requiring major surgical intervention, and the establishment of geriatric surgery accreditation programs, these data suggest that morbidity and mortality metrics should be adjusted to accommodate the independent relationship between geriatric syndromes and long-term outcomes.
OBJECTIVES: A difference in cortical treatment of taste information could alter food intake promoting the development of obesity. The main purpose was to compare, in subjects living with obesity (OB) and normal-weight subjects (NW), the characteristics of gustatory evoked potentials (GEP) for sucrose solution (10 g.100 mL-1) before and after a standard lunch. The secondary objective was to evaluate the correlations between GEP and the plasmatic levels of acylated ghrelin, leptin, insulin and serotonin.
METHODS: Each subject had 2 randomized sessions spaced by an interval of 2 days. During one session, subjects were fasting and during the other, subjects took a lunch low in sugar. In each session, subjects had a blood test before a first GEP recording followed by a second GEP recording either after a lunch (feeding session) or no lunch (fasting session).
RESULTS: Twenty-eight OB (BMI: 38.6 ± 9.0 kg.m-2) were matched to 22 NW (BMI: 22.3 ± 2.2 kg.m-2). GEP latencies were prolonged in OB regardless the sessions and the time before and after lunch, compared with NW (in Cz at the morning: 170 ± 33 ms vs 138 ± 25 ms respectively; p < 0.001). The increase in latency observed in NW after lunch was not observed in OB. Negative or positive correlations were noted in all participants between GEP latencies and ghrelin, leptin, insulin plasmatic levels (P1Cz, r = -0.38, r = 0.33, r = 0.37 respectively, p < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights a slower activation in the taste cortex in OB compared with NW.
Carcinogenesis \- Rats were dosed with levetiracetam in the diet for 104 weeks at doses of 50, 300 and 1800 mg/kg/day. The highest dose corresponds to 6 times the maximum recommended daily human dose (MRHD) of 3000 mg on a mg/m2 basis and it also provided systemic exposure (AUC) approximately 6 times that achieved in humans receiving the MRHD. There was no evidence of carcinogenicity. A study was conducted in which mice received levetiracetam in the diet for 80 weeks at doses of 60, 240 and 960 mg/kg/day (high dose is equivalent to 2 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 or exposure basis). Although no evidence for carcinogenicity was seen, the potential for a carcinogenic response has not been fully evaluated in that species because adequate doses have not been studied.

Mutagenesis \- Levetiracetam was not mutagenic in the Ames test or in mammalian cells in vitro in the Chinese hamster ovary/HGPRT locus assay. It was not clastogenic in an in vitro analysis of metaphase chromosomes obtained from Chinese hamster ovary cells or in an in vivo mouse micronucleus assay. The hydrolysis product and major human metabolite of levetiracetam (ucb L057) was not mutagenic in the Ames test or the in vitro mouse lymphoma assay.

Impairment of Fertility \- No adverse effects on male or female fertility or reproductive performance were observed in rats at doses up to 1800 mg/kg/day (approximately 6 times the maximum recommended human dose on a mg/m2 or exposure basis).