anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Foot complications in people with diabetes are the most common cause of non-traumatic leg amputation in the UK with over 176 leg, toe or foot amputations every week in England. One in seven people with diabetes will develop a foot ulcer at some stage in their lives. Not only does this impair their daily activities and reduce their quality of life, it also increases their risk of amputation by up to 24-fold. Five year mortality for minor and major amputations in diabetes have been reported as 46.2% and 56.6%, respectively. Circulatory problems, nerve impairment and infection contribute to foot complications in diabetes. Prior to a foot ulceration, changes in temperature and/or pressure occur. These early warning signs can be measured by Path Active™ and alert the wearer via a mobile phone app and the clinician via a clinical dashboard so that preventive action can be taken. Currently people with diabetes who have been assessed as 'high risk' for foot ulceration are allocated appointments with podiatrists in 'foot protection teams' who review on a weekly to monthly basis. Path Active™ has the potential to reduce appointments by alerting podiatry teams to potential problems as they occur rather than regular routine reviews. Path Active™ may be able to reduce hospital and clinic visits and thereby reduce healthcare carbon footprint.

The primary objective of this clinical investigation is to evaluate the effectiveness of Path Active™ in people with diabetes who are at 'high risk' of foot ulceration. The study is a multisite randomised controlled trial which will evaluate the effectiveness of Path Active™ in 60 people with diabetes who are at 'high risk' of foot ulceration, compared with 60 people who receive their usual podiatry foot checks over a period of 12 weeks. Recruitment to the study will be in 4 clinical sites across England and Scotland.

The protocol for this study was amended from the pilot study and accepted as a 'major amendment' by the regional Ethics Committee of Essex. Therefore the IRAS number (Unique Protocol ID: 326601) has remained the same.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: proposed method is based on calculations made to locate exact point, at which needle filled with anesthetic must be introduced. It is not injured side surface of vertebral bodies as length of puncture is 3-4 times shorter. Needle is introduced perpendicularly to skin and in parallel to projection of spinous process up to stop against outer segments of vertebral arch. In cervical and thoracic regions, needle is inserted to depth of 2-2.5 cm from apex of spinous process, while in lumbar region needle penetration depth is 2.5-3 cm. When needle is inserted, 20-25 ml of anesthetic and 500 mg of vitamin B 12  are injected through it. EFFECT: higher efficiency.
INTRODUCTION: Bone flap replacement after a decompressive craniectomy is a low complexity procedure, but with complications that can negatively impact the patient's outcome. A better knowledge of the risk factors for these complications could reduce their incidence.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of a series of 50 patients who underwent bone replacement after decompressive craniectomy at a tertiary center over a 10-year period was performed. Those clinical variables related to complications after replacement were recorded and their risk factors were analyzed.
RESULTS: A total of 18 patients (36%) presented complications after bone flap replacement, of which 10 (55.5%) required a new surgery for their treatment. Most of the replacements (95%) were performed in the first 90 days after the craniectomy, with a tendency to present more complications compared to the subsequent period (37.8% vs 20%, p > 0.05). The most frequent complication was subdural hygroma, which appeared later than infection, the second most frequent complication. The need for ventricular drainage or tracheostomy and the mean time on mechanical ventilation, ICU admission, or waiting until bone replacement were greater in patients who presented post-replacement complications. Previous infections outside the nervous system or the surgical wound was the only risk factor for post-bone flap replacement complications (p = 0.031).
CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative complications were recorded in more than a third of the patients who underwent cranial bone flap replacement, and at least half of them required a new surgery. A specific protocol aimed at controlling previous infections could reduce the risk of complications and help establish the optimal time for cranial bone flap replacement.
The invention relates to protein-protein interactions and methods for identifying interacting proteins and the amino acid sequence at the site of interaction. Using overlapping hexapeptides that encode for the entire amino acid sequences of the linker domains of human P-glycoprotein gene 1 and 3 (HP-gp1 and HP-gp3), a direct and specific binding between P-gp1 and 3 linker domains and intracellular proteins was demonstrated. Three different stretches ( 617 EKGIYFKLVTM 627 ,  658 SRSSLIRKRSTRRSVRGSQA 677  and  694 PVSFWRIMKLNLT 706  for P-gp1 and  618 LMKKEGVYFKLVNM 631 ,  64 KAATRMAPNGWKSRLFRHSTQKNLKNS 674  and  695 PVSFLKVLKLNKT 677  for P-gp3) in linker domains bound to proteins with apparent molecular masses of ˜80 kDa, 57 kDa and 30 kDa. The binding of the 57 kDa protein was further characterized. Purification and partial N-terminal amino acid sequencing of the 57 kDa protein showed that it encodes the N-terminal amino acids of alpha and beta-tubulins. The method of the present invention was further validated with Annexin. The present invention thus demonstrates a novel concept whereby the interactions between two proteins are mediated by strings of few amino acids with high and repulsive binding energies, enabling the identification of high-affinity binding sites between any interacting proteins.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to identify neuroimaging, physiological, and clinical predictors of response, remission, and recovery to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in youth with treatment resistant major depressive disorder.

BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a major public health problem in adolescents. Unfortunately, there are no effectively targeted treatment options for this age group. Current remedies are limited in their effectiveness in youth with response and remission rates no greater than 60 to 30% respectively and treatment effects are not sustained throughout the life cycle. Further, ongoing controversies persist regarding the safety of antidepressants in youth. Current interventions were developed to solely target the symptoms of rather than the underlying neurobiology. Most importantly, there is no way to accurately predict an individual patient's response to interventions. Consequently, there is a critical need for optimally targeted interventions that directly address the relevant pathophysiology of depression.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is effective in adults with depression. rTMS is twice as likely to result in response (relative risk or RR: 2.35 \[95% confidence interval or CI: 1.70-3.25\]) and remission (RR: 2.24 \[95% CI: 1.53-3.27\] than a sham procedure Evidence in youth is also encouraging, with a 66% response rate in our pilot data (see Summary of Progress). The DLPFC plays a critical role in emotional regulation, directly connecting it to depressive symptomology. Our lab and others have clearly implicated structural and functional deficits in the DLPFC in youth with MDD. What is not known is what biomarkers best predict response, remission, and recovery with rTMS in youth with treatment resistant MDD. As response is not universal, this is a significant gap in our knowledge. Our basic model is that rTMS increases expression of BDNF, up-regulates activity of endocannabinoids, increases glutamate concentrations, and increases DLPFC activity - correcting the deficit seen in MDD. These biologic changes enhance executive control of mood state (see our pilot data in the Summary of Progress). These positive effects may be moderated by comorbidity (i.e., social phobia) and genotype (i.e., BDNF). How this model fits with response, remission, and recovery has yet to be fully tested and this information has the potential to be directly clinically meaningful. The central aim of the project is to evaluate predictors of rTMS response, remission, and recovery based on integrated neuroimaging, physiological, and clinical measures. While not a clinical trial per se (efficacy is not the primary outcome measure), we will use a non-randomized sham lead in to a single active (rTMS) arm study design as a framework for biomarker discovery.

To accomplish this goal, we will pursue the following specific aims: The primary aim is to identify baseline neuroimaging, physiological, and clinical predictors of response to 3 weeks of rTMS treatment in adolescents with treatment resistant MDD.
BACKGROUND: Shengmai San Formula (SMS) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been used to treat wasting-thirst regarded as diabetes mellitus, which occurs disproportionately in obese patients. Therefore, we investigated whether SMS could be used to treat obesity, and explored possible mechanisms by which it might improve glucose and fat metabolism.
METHODS: To investigate the effects of SMS on a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity (DIO) model, we studied glucose metabolism via glucose tolerance testing (GTT) and insulin tolerance testing (ITT). Browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) was evaluated using H&E staining, along with browning-related gene and protein expression. Changes in bile acid (BA) levels in serum, liver, ileum, and inguinal white adipose tissue were detected by Ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). In addition, antimicrobial mixture (ABX) and fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) experiments were used to verify the role of gut flora in the effects produced by SMS on HFD-induced obesity model.
RESULTS: SMS ameliorated diet-induced dyslipidemia in a dose-dependent manner and reduced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in DIO mice, helping to restore energy metabolism homeostasis. SMS significantly altered the structure of intestinal microbiome composition, decreasing the abundance of Lactobacillus carrying bile salt hydrolase (BSH) enzymes and thereby increasing the level of conjugated BAs in the blood, ileum, and iWAT. Increased TCA content promoted the secretion of Slit3 from M2 macrophages in iWAT, which activates the protein kinase A/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (PKA/CaMKII) signaling pathway in sympathetic neurons via the roundabouts receptor 1(ROBO1). This pathway promotes the synthesis and release of norepinephrine (NE), inducing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) release in adipose tissue that activates the cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A/phosphorylated hormone-sensitive lipase (cAMP/PKA/pHSL) pathway and enhances WAT browning. ABX treatment eliminated SMS effects on glucose and lipid metabolism in DIO mice, whereas glucose and lipid metabolism in obese mice improved following SMS-FMT and increased the level of serum bile acids.
CONCLUSION: SMS affects intestinal flora and bile acid composition in vivo and increased TCA promotes M2 macrophage polarization and Slit3 release in adipose tissue. This induces NE release and increases WAT browning in obese mice, which may be a mechanism by which SMS could be used to treat obesity.
IMCP intervention to be culturally \& linguistically tailored for Chinese cancer patients. This study will be carried out in 3 phases: 1) formative research \& 2) adaptation. For this application we will continue the formative research (phase 1) by conducting 20 to 30 indepth interviews with Chinese immigrants with advanced cancer to inform the adaptation of the intervention. Results of the patient in-depth interviews will inform how to adapt the IMCP process \& session themes to reflect the needs of the community. In the adaptation phase (phase 2) the Breitbart IMCP research team (including Drs. Breitbart, Lichtenthal, \& Applebaum), Drs. Leng, Gany, \& Ms. Huang will discuss a priori adaptations to the intervention. Potential changes to the process \& content will be discussed. Adaptations will be incorporated in a modified IMCP-Ch treatment manual, therapist checklist/outline \& Treatment Integrity Coding Manual. PHASE 3, 4 Conduct feasibility study of IMCP-Ch for Chinese cancer patients.
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the functions of ZNF582-AS1 and ZNF582 in esophageal cancer (EC). Materials & methods: Bioinformatics analysis, qRT-PCR and western blot were used to analyze the expression levels. Biological functions were evaluated using cell-counting kit 8, colony formation, Transwell assays and flow cytometry. FISH was used to detect subcellular localization, and methylation-specific PCR determined gene methylation levels. Animal experiments validated the impact on tumor progression. Results: ZNF582-AS1 and ZNF582 were highly methylated and downregulated in EC. Overexpression of ZNF582-AS1 up-regulated the expression of ZNF582, thereby inhibiting EC cell viability and metastasis, promoting apoptosis and inhibiting tumor growth. Conclusion: Low expression of ZNF582-AS1/ZNF582 mediated by DNA hypermethylation facilitates the malignant progression of EC.
Health data may be received in various forms from various sources, and rules may be applied to perform reasoning on the data. In one example, health data from a variety of sources is distilled into a particular representation. Facts (such as conditions with which the patient has been diagnosed, medications that the patient is taking, etc.) are distilled into a particular medical vocabulary. These facts may then be exposed to the expert system through an object model, which applies rules to determine which alerts to issue to a patient. The alerts may then be communicated to the patient. Raw health data may be received in one form, and the raw data may be expressed in one of several standard medical terminologies, so that expert systems that expect to use a particular terminology can perform reasoning on the facts.
In light of EMPA-REG OUTCOME, CANVAS Program and DECLARE trials, we aim to elucidate the impact of SGLT2 inhibition on peripheral vascular function while also exploring the effects of this therapy on renal function, fluid volume, neurohormonal activation and inflammatory/fibrotic pathways in patients with T2D at high cardiovascular risk to best replicate the patient populations in recent cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOT), who are also participating in ongoing CVOTs such as VERTIS (ertugliflozin), as well as non-T2D patients in other ongoing trials examining cardiorenal effects of these therapies. We will test the hypothesis that in a high- risk population, regardless of T2D status, SGLT2 inhibition will improve markers of arterial stiffness (decreases in pulse wave velocity and augmentation index) in the study cohort - a surrogate marker of cardiovascular risk independent of glucose lowering. In addition, dapagliflozin will improve endothelial function ("flow-mediated vasodilatation" - FMD) and increase natriuresis (fractional excretion of sodium or FENa+), thereby reducing blood pressure, without inducing renal vasoconstriction or activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Based on extensive experimental literature, we also hypothesize that SGLT2 inhibition will suppress levels of pro-inflammatory/fibrotic mediators (see below) that have been linked with progression of cardiovascular and renal disease. The systematic understanding of the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in the setting of patients at high cardiovascular risk will enable the design of rational physiology-based strategies to decrease the burden of cardiorenal disease, which could have important clinical and research implications. Data from DAPA-SWEET will also be valuable to better understand the results of trials that include patients using SGLT2 inhibitors as primary prevention strategies, such as in DECLARE TIMI-58.
Obese individuals who want to learn healthy life behaviors and wish to acquire and to realize behavioral changes that will help them cope with health problems are in need of training and counseling. In this process, nurses -being in close and continuous contact with individuals- play counselor role as a part of their educator roles. It is stated that nurses need to understand, empathize with and support individuals who suffer from different problems while they play this role. In presence of obesity, which is a psychophysiological condition; nurses should also consider the fact that obese individuals who face bitter criticisms and social exclusion may show low self-esteem and impaired body image due to excessive weight and therefore they should give these individuals opportunities to express their feelings as to how they perceive themselves. The studies in literature that investigated the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and self-esteem and body perception report that obese individuals demonstrate relatively lower self-esteem and body perception as compared to the normal individuals. Psychological and hormonal disorders, impaired body image and chronic diseases that develop with obesity influence sexual life negatively, too. Therefore; sexual desire may decrease among obese individuals who feel worthless and therefore there may be behaviors that avoid sexuality. Sexuality, one of the activities of daily life, is an issue that is affected by cultural norms and rules and individuals have difficulties expressing their sexual problems comfortably.
The present invention relates to an anti-helicobacter pylori composition including a propolis extraction fraction or a subfractional extract thereof as an active ingredient. The anti-helicobacter pylori composition of the present invention includes, as an active ingredient, an extraction fraction fractioned as ethyl acetate from an extract which is produced from propolis by using a 80 v/v% ethanol solution, is suspended by 10 v/v% methanol, and is fractioned into hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol (BuOH), and water (H2O). The anti-helicobacter pylori composition provided according to the present invention can prevent and treat helicobacter pylori-derived gastroduodenal-related diseases. Thus, national health can be improved. At the same time, an extraction fraction or a subfractional extract thereof which can replace high price propolis is used as an active ingredient. Thus, production costs can be reduced. Also, a natural material is used. Thus, problems related to antibiotic resistance do not occur. Accordingly, the anti-helicobacter pylori composition can contribute to an increase in incomes of beekeeping farms and to securement of national competitiveness.
This is a single-center study. The duration of this trial is estimated to be six months. A total of Forty (40) subjects will be recruited into this study. It will be two Groups; ten (10) normal healthy subjects will be recruited by poster advertisement and thirty (30) patients who either present to the Gastroenterology Department of Temple University Hospital with varying signs, symptoms or complaints of gastric discomfort, or who are scheduled to undergo an EGG test by their Gastroenterologist.

Each study subject/patient will have a total of two (2) EGGs with Water load tests performed for this study. Each EGG exam will be performed approximately one (1) week of each other, but no more than 4 weeks apart, and will be read in a blinded fashion by three (3) separate independent readers, in order to see if the readings are consistent with the previous readings that were obtained, as well as, by the readers themselves (Inter-reader rater reliability). Each reader will be blinded to the subject status (normal/healthy or patient) and also to the specific test they are reading (initial exam \[Visit 1\], or follow-up exam 1 week after Visit 1 \[Visit 2\]). All EGG exam results will be coded in order to keep them blind.
A method for preparing an icariside II is provided to obtain the icariside II which inhibits synthesis of tyrosinase by inhibiting the enzymatic activity of alpha-glucosidase, an important enzyme for glycosylation of the tyrosinase. A method for preparing an icariside II represented by the formula(1) comprises a step of extracting an Epimedium sp. plant such as Epimedium brevicornum Maxim., Epimedium grandiflorum Morr., Epimedium koreanum Nakai, Epimedium pubescens Maxim., Epimedium sagittatum Maxim. and Epimedium wushanense with an organic solvent such as ethanol, methanol, butanol, ether, ethylacetate and chloroform or a mixture of the organic solvent and water. In the formula(1), R1 is rhamnopyranose. A skin whitening composition comprises the icariside II as an effective ingredient.
Continuous infusion of ropivacaine 0.2 %, 6 mL/hour. Patient-initiated bolus of ropivacaine 0,2 %, 15 mL. Lock-out time: 5 hours.
Dose-dependent reductions in forced expiratory volume over 1 second (FEV1) and diffusion lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) were observed in patients treated with fingolimod as early as 1 month after treatment initiation. In 2-year placebo-controlled trials in adult patients, the reduction from baseline in the percent of predicted values for FEV1 at the time of last assessment on drug was 2.8% for fingolimod 0.5 mg and 1.0% for placebo. For DLCO, the reduction from baseline in percent of predicted values at the time of last assessment on drug was 3.3% for fingolimod 0.5 mg and 0.5% for placebo. The changes in FEV1 appear to be reversible after treatment discontinuation. There is insufficient information to determine the reversibility of the decrease of DLCO after drug discontinuation. In MS placebo-controlled trials in adult patients, dyspnea was reported in 9% of patients receiving fingolimod 0.5 mg and 7% of patients receiving placebo. Several patients discontinued fingolimod because of unexplained dyspnea during the extension (uncontrolled) studies. Fingolimod has not been tested in MS patients with compromised respiratory function.   
  
Spirometric evaluation of respiratory function and evaluation of DLCO should be performed during therapy with fingolimod if clinically indicated.
BACKGROUND: Primary glomerular disease (PGD) is a major cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) leading to kidney replacement therapy (KRT). We aimed to describe incidence (trends) in individuals starting KRT for ESKD due to PGD and to examine their survival and causes of death.
METHODS: We used data from the European Renal Association (ERA) Registry on 69 854 patients who started KRT for ESKD due to PGD between 2000 and 2019. ERA primary renal disease codes were used to define six PGD subgroups. We examined age and sex standardized incidence, trend of the incidence and survival.
RESULTS: The standardized incidence of KRT for ESKD due to PGD was 16.6 per million population (pmp), ranging from 8.6 pmp in Serbia to 20.0 pmp in France. Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) had the highest incidences, of 4.6 pmp and 2.6 pmp, respectively. Histologically non-examined PGDs represented over 50% of cases in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Romania and were also common in Greece, Estonia, Belgium and Sweden. The incidence declined from 18.6 pmp in 2000 to 14.5 pmp in 2013, after which it stabilized. All PGD subgroups had 5-year survival probabilities above 50%, with crescentic glomerulonephritis having the highest risk of death [adjusted hazard ratio 1.8 (95% confidence interval 1.6-1.9)] compared with IgAN. Cardiovascular disease was the most common cause of death (33.9%).
CONCLUSION: The incidence of KRT for ESKD due to PGD showed large differences between countries and was highest and increasing for IgAN and FSGS. Lack of kidney biopsy facilities in some countries may have affected accurate assignment of the cause of ESKD. The recognition of the incidence and outcomes of KRT among different PGD subgroups may contribute to a more individualized patient care approach.