anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Intestinal transplantation (IT) is the final treatment option for intestinal failure. Static cold storage (CS) is the standard preservation method used for intestinal allografts. However, CS and subsequent transplantation induce ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Severe IRI impairs epithelial barrier function, including loss of intestinal stem cells (ISC), critical to epithelial regeneration. Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) preservation of kidney and liver allografts minimizes CS-associated IRI; however, it has not been used clinically for IT. We hypothesized that intestine NMP would induce less epithelial injury and better protect the intestine's regenerative ability when compared with CS. Full-length porcine jejunum and ileum were procured, stored at 4 °C, or perfused at 34 °C for 6 hours (T6), and transplanted. Histology was assessed following procurement (T0), T6, and 1 hour after reperfusion. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, and crypt culture measured ISC viability and proliferative potential. A greater number of NMP-preserved intestine recipients survived posttransplant, which correlated with significantly decreased tissue injury following 1-hour reperfusion in NMP compared with CS samples. Additionally, ISC gene expression, spheroid area, and cellular proliferation were significantly increased in NMP-T6 compared with CS-T6 intestine. NMP appears to reduce IRI and improve graft regeneration with improved ISC viability and proliferation.
The degree of involvement of the lung parenchyma and the airway are assessed by computed tomography. The HRCT is performed using 2-mm collimation, scan time 1.0 s, 120 kVp, and 200 mA. Images at three different levels (a cranial section is obtained 1 cm above the superior margin of the aortic arch, a middle section is taken at 1 cm below the carina, and a caudal section is taken approximately 3 cm above the top of the diaphragm) are selected and LAA% is then automatically calculated. The helical scan is performed using 120 kVp, 50 mA, 3-mm collimation, and pith 1.0. The dimensions of the right apical segmental bronchus are measured and WA% is calculated. The cut-off level between high or low WA% is the mean + 2SD of WA% of the asymptomatic non-COPD smokers.
Macrophage autophagy dysfunction aggravates liver injury by activating inflammasomes, which can cleave pro-IL-1β to its active, secreted form. We investigated whether the vitamin D/vitamin D receptor (VDR) axis could up-regulate macrophage autophagy function to inhibit the activation of inflammasome-dependent IL-1β during cholestasis. Paricalcitol (PAL; VDR agonist) was intraperitoneally injected into bile duct-ligated mice for 5 days. Up-regulation of VDR expression by PAL reduced liver injury by reducing the oxidative stress-induced inflammatory reaction in macrophages. Moreover, PAL inhibited inflammasome-dependent IL-1β generation. Mechanistically, the knockdown of VDR increased IL-1β generation, whereas VDR overexpression exerted the opposite effect following tert-butyl hydroperoxide treatment. The inflammasome antagonist glyburide, the caspase-1-specific inhibitor YVAD, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) blocked the increase in Vdr shRNA-induced IL-1β production. Interestingly, up-regulation of VDR also enhanced macrophage autophagy. Autophagy reduction impaired the up-regulation of VDR-inhibited macrophage inflammasome-generated IL-1β, whereas autophagy induction showed a synergistic effect with VDR overexpression through ROS-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. This result was confirmed by p38 MAPK inhibitor, MAPK activator, and ROS inhibitor NAC. Collectively, PAL triggered macrophage autophagy by suppressing activation of the ROS-p38 MAPK pathway, which, in turn, suppressed inflammasome-generated cleaved, active forms of IL-1β, eventually leading to reduced inflammation. Thus, triggering the VDR may be a potential target for the anti-inflammatory treatment of cholestatic liver disease.
Synthetic melanins suitable for cosmetic uses are produced through oxidative polymerization of monomeric precursors that possess aromatic rings with ionizeable side groups. Agents that enhance adherence of the melanins to skin and hair are co-polymerized with the precursors to become part of the melanin molecules. Potential new precursors and adherence-enhancing agents are screened for efficacy by subjecting them to six separate synthetic procedures, and testing the resulting melanins for color, ultraviolet absorbance charcteristics, and substantivity (adherence) to skin and hair. Melanins of different colors can be blended together in cosmetic creams and lotions to complement the natural skin, eye, and hair colors of an individual. The synthetic procedures are amendable to industrial-scale production of cosmetic melanins. The materials reduce the incidence of solar damage to the skin.
BRIVIACT causes somnolence, fatigue, dizziness, and disturbance in coordination. Patients should be monitored for these signs and symptoms and advised not to drive or operate machinery until they have gained sufficient experience on BRIVIACT to gauge whether it adversely affects their ability to drive or operate machinery.

Somnolence and Fatigue

BRIVIACT causes dose-dependent increases in somnolence and fatigue-related adverse reactions (fatigue, asthenia, malaise, hypersomnia, sedation, and lethargy) [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. In the Phase 3 controlled adjunctive epilepsy trials, these events were reported in 25% of patients randomized to receive BRIVIACT at least 50 mg/day (20% at 50 mg/day, 26% at 100 mg/day, and 27% at 200 mg/day) compared to 14% of patients who received placebo. The risk is greatest early in treatment but can occur at any time.

Dizziness and Disturbance in Gait and Coordination

BRIVIACT causes adverse reactions related to dizziness and disturbance in gait and coordination (dizziness, vertigo, balance disorder, ataxia, nystagmus, gait disturbance, and abnormal coordination) [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. In the Phase 3 controlled adjunctive epilepsy trials, these events were reported in 16% of patients randomized to receive BRIVIACT at least 50 mg/day compared to 10% of patients who received placebo. The risk is greatest early in treatment but can occur at any time.
GnRH induces the production and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from the gonadotrophic cells of the anterior pituitary. Due to a positive estradiol (E2) feedback at midcycle, GnRH liberation is enhanced resulting in an LH-surge. This LH-surge induces the ovulation of the dominant follicle, resumption of oocyte meiosis and subsequently luteinization as indicated by rising progesterone levels. 

Cetrorelix acetate for injection competes with natural GnRH for binding to membrane receptors on pituitary cells and thus controls the release of LH and FSH in a dose-dependent manner. The onset of LH suppression is approximately one hour with the 3 mg dose and two hours with the 0.25 mg dose. This suppression is maintained by continuous treatment and there is a more pronounced effect on LH than on FSH. An initial release of endogenous gonadotropins has not been detected with cetrorelix acetate for injection, which is consistent with an antagonist effect. 

The effects of cetrorelix acetate for injection on LH and FSH are reversible after discontinuation of treatment. In women, cetrorelix acetate for injection delays the LH-surge, and consequently ovulation, in a dose-dependent fashion. FSH levels are not affected at the doses used during controlled ovarian stimulation. Following a single 3 mg dose of cetrorelix acetate for injection, duration of action of at least 4 days has been established. A dose of cetrorelix acetate for injection 0.25 mg every 24 hours has been shown to maintain the effect.
The early diagnosis and treatment of foreign body aspiration (FBA) can significantly improve the overall prognosis of children. There are significant differences in the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of FBA in different regions. Therefore, we conducted a real-world study in the western region of China with over 4000 patients. The aim of this study was to improve the understanding of FBA in terms of its types, the specific months of its occurrence, and the distribution of primary caregiver characteristics in western China. We collected the clinical and epidemiological data of children who were diagnosed with FBA in our hospital over the past 20 years through a big data centre. We matched the data of healthy children who underwent routine physical examinations at the paediatric health clinic during the same period to analyse the differences in the data of actual guardians. A total of 4227 patients from five provinces were included in this study. Foreign bodies were removed by rigid bronchoscopy in 99.4% (4202/4227) of patients, with a median age of 19 months and a median surgical duration 16 min. January was the most common month of onset for 1725 patients, followed by February, with 1027 patients. The most common types of foreign objects were melon peanuts, seeds and walnuts, accounting for 47.2%, 15.3%, and 10.2%, respectively. In the FBA group, the proportion of grandparents who were primary caregivers was 70.33% (2973/4227), which was significantly greater than the 63.05% in the healthy group (2665/4227) (P < 0.01). FBA most commonly occurs in January and February. More than 60% of FBAs occur between the ages of 1 and 2 years, and the incidence of FBA may be greater in children who are cared for by grandparents. A rigid bronchoscope can be used to remove most aspirated foreign bodies in a median of 16 min.
Inclusion criteria of this randomized cross-over study are: BMI \> 25, elective surgery in supine position, age\>18 years, ASA I-II; Exclusion criteria are: difficult airway, pregnancy, history of reflux or gastrointestinal disorders, abdominal or thoracic surgery; In this cross-over trial both airway devices are inserted in the same patient, the order of insertion is randomized. Patient receive monitoring with blood pressure, ECG and pulse oxymetry during operation. Anaesthesia is induced intravenously using fentanyl (0.001 mg/kg) and propofol (3-5 mg/kg). The I-gel laryngeal mask is inserted with a gastric tube. The classic laryngeal mask was cuffed after insertion with a cuff pressure of 60 cmH2O. The first device is removed 5 minutes after insertion and replaced by the second device. Ease of insertion is graded as very easy=1, easy=2, difficult=3 and very difficult=4. Leak pressure is measured by two tests: In the first test the spill valve is closed at a fresh gas flow of 6l/min and the minimum airway pressure at which gas leaked around the airway device is recorded by listening for an audible leak. In the second test leakage is measured during pressure controlled ventilation. Therefore we administer a fresh gas flow of 3l/min, FiO2 of 50%, inspiration to expiration ratio of 1:2 and a frequency of breathing of 12. Leakage can be measured by the respirator. We record inspiration pressure, mean pressure, plateau pressure, tidal volume and peep at which the first measurable leakage occurred.

For statistical analysis we will use t-tests with a power of 80% and a p \< 0.05.
BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity is a risk factor for locomotive syndromes and functional limitations in middle-aged and older adults. Therefore, strategies to promote physical activity should be considered. This study investigated whether users of physical activity monitors were more physically active and exhibited a lower risk of locomotive syndrome, compared with non-users.
METHODS: We analyzed data from 742 Japanese adults aged 60-79 years. The participants were surveyed for their use of physical activity monitors in their daily lives. We also assessed the prevalence of locomotive syndrome.
RESULTS: We observed significantly higher physical activity levels in users compared with non-users. Moreover, the use of a physical activity monitor was significantly associated with decreased odds of locomotive syndrome (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=0.48). Significantly lower risk of locomotive syndrome were observed in individuals who had used a monitor for >2 years (aOR=0.42) or had set a personal step goal (aOR=0.32).
CONCLUSION: Physical activity monitoring may increase engagement in physical activity-associated behavior. Therefore, monitoring could serve as a useful tool to promote physical health in middle-aged and older adults.
Methods of inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and the activity of osteoclasts are disclosed. Methods of treating patients who have diseases characterized bone loss are disclosed. According to the methods, an amount of a TRANCE/RANK inhibitor effective to inhibit osteoclastogenesis is administered to the patient. Pharmaceutical compositions which comprise TRANCE/RANK inhibitor in an amount effective to inhibit osteoclastogenesis. Methods of modulating dendritic cell maturation, T cell proliferation, and/or CD40 receptor systems in an individual are disclosed. The methods comprise the step of administering to the individual an amount of a TRANCE/RANK inhibitor effective to modulating dendritic cell maturation, T cell proliferation, and/or CD40 receptor systems.
Participants will receive online user access to the CBB. Participants will complete 2 CBB assessments on Study Day 0 and Study Day 90.
Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), a subtype of pyruvate kinase (PK), has been shown to play an important role in the development of cancer. It regulates the last step of glycolytic pathway. PKM2 has both pyruvate kinase and protein kinase activity, and the conversion of these two functions of PKM2 depends on the mutual change of dimer and tetramer. The dimerization of PKM2 can promote the proliferation and growth of tumor cells, so inhibiting the dimerization of PKM2 is essential to curing cancer. The aggregation of PKM2 is regulated by both endogenous and exogenous cofactors as well as post-translational modification (PTM). Although there are many studies on the different aggregation of PKM2 in the process of tumor development, there are few summaries in recent years. In this review, we first introduce the role of PKM2 in various biological processes of tumor growth. Then, we summarize the aggregation regulation mechanism of PKM2 by various endogenous cofactors such as Fructose-1, 6-diphosphate (FBP), various amino acids, and post-translational modification (PTMs). Finally, the related inhibitors and agonists of PKM2 are summarized to provide reference for regulating PKM2 aggregation in the treatment of cancer in the future.
BI 54903 medium dose 2 puffs b.i.d. via Respimat inhaler plus HFA MDI matching placebo 2 puffs b.i.d.
TIL-TCM cells are isolated from the patients' Tumor tissue (or ascites) and peripheral blood obtained before standard chemotherapy and then cultured ex-vivo. The first infusion will be conducted in 7-10 days after chemotherapy and is assessed by the investigators.TIL-TCM cells are transfused to patients in a dosage escalated manner.The total dose was 1× 109-1 ×1010 cells.After cell infusion, IL-2 was administered at 720000 IU/kg (based on whole body weight) by intravenous (I.V.),every 8 hours for up to 4 days.
Diarrhea and weight loss were common in clinical studies of patients treated with ZAVESCA, occurring in approximately 85% and up to 65% of treated patients, respectively. Diarrhea appears to be the result of the inhibitory activity of ZAVESCA on intestinal disaccharidases such as sucrase-isomaltase in the gastrointestinal tract leading to reduced absorption of dietary disaccharides in the small intestine, with a resultant osmotic diarrhea. It is unclear if weight loss results from the diarrhea and associated gastrointestinal complaints, a decrease in food intake, or a combination of these or other factors. The incidence of weight loss was most evident in the first 12 months of treatment. Diarrhea decreased over time with continued ZAVESCA treatment, and may respond to individualized diet modification (e.g., reduction of sucrose, lactose and other carbohydrate intake), to taking ZAVESCA between meals, and/or to anti-diarrheal medications, most commonly loperamide. Patients may be instructed to avoid high carbohydrate content foods during treatment with ZAVESCA if they present with diarrhea.

Patients with persistent gastrointestinal events that continue during treatment with ZAVESCA, and who do not respond to usual interventions (e.g. diet modification), should be evaluated to determine whether significant underlying gastrointestinal disease is present. The safety of treatment with ZAVESCA has not been evaluated in patients with significant gastrointestinal disease, such as inflammatory bowel disease, and continued treatment of these patients with ZAVESCA should occur only after consideration of the risks and benefits of continued treatment.
Patients receive DLI IV. Treatment repeats every 4-8 weeks for 5 doses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Compounds of the formula:  <FORM:1016514/C4-C5/1> wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a C1- 4 alkyl group, Ar represents a phenyl group which is at least di-substituted, the substituents being halogen atoms and/or C1- 4 alkyl groups, and Y represents an ethylene group either unsubstituted or substituted by a methyl group, or acid-addition salts thereof, may be incorporated in pre-shave soaps.ALSO:The invention comprises compounds of the formula <FORM:1016514/C2/1> wherein R1 and R2, which may be the same or different, each represents a halogen atom or a C1-2 alkyl group, and non-toxic, acid-addition salts thereof, and a process for preparing compounds of the formula <FORM:1016514/C2/2> wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group, Ar represents a phenyl group which is at least disubstituted, the substituents being halogen atoms and/or C1-4 alkyl groups, and Y represents an ethylene group either unsubstituted or substituted by a methyl group, and acid-addition salts thereof, by heating at a temperature of 100 DEG  C. to 200 DEG C. for 10 to 120 minutes in the absence of a solvent, an isothiouronium salt of the formula <FORM:1016514/C2/3> in which R1 represents a C1-4 alkyl and X represents a chlorine, bromine or iodine atom, with an alkylene diamine of the formula H2N-Y-NH2 When the compounds of Formula II are obtained in the form of their acid-addition salts, these salts may be converted into the free bases or other acid-addition salts in known manner.  2,6 - Diethylphenyl - S - ethyl isothiouronium bromide is prepared by reacting 2,6-diethylaniline with ammonium thiocyanate to form 2,6-diethylphenyl-thiourea and heating this compound with ethyl bromide.  2,6-Dichloro-S-methyl isothiouronium iodide is prepared by reacting 2,6-dichloroaniline with ammonium thiocyanate to form 2,6-dichlorophenyl-thiourea and treating this with methyl iodide.ALSO:Pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions comprise a compound of the formula:  <FORM:1016514/A5-A6/1> wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group, Ar represents a phenyl group which is at least disubstituted, the substituents being halogen atoms and / or C1-4 alkyl groups and Y represents an ethylene group either unsubstituted or substituted by a methyl group, or an acid addition salt thereof, in association with an inert carrier or excipient.  The pharmaceutical compositions possess vasoconstrictive activity and may be adapted for topical administration, e.g. they may be in the form of nasal drops, sprays and ointments.  They may contain one or more suspending agents and, in the case of compositions for administration into the nose, also a germicide, e.g. phenyl mercury borate.  The cosmetic compositions possess pilo-erecting properties and may be presented as pre-shave preparations, for example as lotions or creams.  They may include one or more perfumes, preservatives, wetting agents, dispersing agents, humectants, powder bases, colouring agents or oils.
Hematopoietic chimerism induces donor-specific tolerance to solid organ grafts. The clinical application of this technique is limited by the morbidity and mortality of conventional bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Conditioning for engraftment is nonspecific, utilizing myeloablation plus nonspecific immunosuppression. In the present study we have characterized which cells in the recipient hematopoietic microenvironment prevent allogeneic marrow engraftment. Mice defective in production of αβ-TCR cells, ηδ-TCR cells; αβ- plus ηδ-TCR cells; CD8 cells and CD4 cells were transplanted with MHC-disparate allogeneic bone marrow. In normal mice, 500 cGy total body irradiation (TBI) plus cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg) on day + 2 is required for engraftment of allogenic hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). Mice laking both αβ- and ηδ-TCR+ cells engrafted when conditioned with 0 to 300 cGy TBI alone, suggesting that αβ plus ηδ T cells in the host play a critical and non-redundant role in preventing engraftment of allogenic bone marrow. When mice were conditioned with 300 cGy TBI plus a single dose of cyclophosphamide on day +2, all mice engrafted except for mice defective in production of CD4+ cells. Moreover CD8 KO mice engrafted without TBI if administered cyclophosphamide on day +2 relative to the marrow infusion. These results suggest that different cell populations in host marrow with different mechanisms of action play a role in the resistance to engrafment of allogeneic bone marrow. Both αβ- TCR+ and ηδ-TCR+T-cells play an important and non-redundant role in the marrow rejections response. In addition, the CD8+ cell effector function is mechanistically different from that for conventional T-cells and independent of CD4+ T-helper cells. Targeting of specific recipient cellular populations may permit conditioning approaches to allow mixed chimerism with minimal morbidity.
Patients in the intervention group were allowed to paint mandala templates for 30 minutes during chemotherapy treatment after premedication. Before the application, the patients were informed by the practitioner and given a laptop table, mandala coloring books and crayons, they were asked to paint a mandala template of their choice. The ambient light and the position of the laptop table were adjusted appropriately during the intervention to help the participants move freely and eliminate the environmental stimulus. In addition, there was no communication between the patient and the practitioner during the application. The patients in the intervention group were given the materials necessary for painting medallions after the treatment, and they were asked to apply at home for at least 30 minutes the day after the treatment. The patients were supported by telephone to paint while they were at home.
Patients use the smartphone application, Positively Smoke Free - Mobile, for 42 days. Patients also receive nicotine replacement therapy for 12 weeks. Within 60 days of study registration, patients undergo LDCT.
Method to enhance the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC). The invention relates to a method for enhancing the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs by culturing them in osteogenic medium with the addition of an EphB3 receptor blocking reagent. Said blocking reagent can be selected from polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, EphB3 blocking peptides, fusion proteins, RNAi and/or shRNA blocking the expression of the EphB3 gene, editing of the gene encoding EphB3 using the CRISPR/CAS technique or combinations of the same. The invention also relates both to the cells of the osteogenic lineage obtained by the method described and to the EphB3 receptor blocking reagents, for their use in the treatment of bone pathologies with bone tissue deficiency and/or bone fractures. Pharmaceutical compositions containing the cells of the osteogenic lineage obtained by the described method and/or the EphB3 receptor blocking reagents are also included.  (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)