anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Postoperative bleeding is associated with significant resource use and is an important contributor to other major adverse events in pediatric patients undergoing complex cardiac surgical procedures. Thromboelastography (TEG; TEG 6S, Haemonetics) can guide perioperative blood product transfusions to reduce the risk of postoperative bleeding. This study validated the use of a previously developed TEG 6S maximum amplitude (TEG-MA)-based platelet transfusion calculator used during cardiac surgical procedures to minimize the risk of postoperative bleeding.
METHODS: In this single-center retrospective study of pediatric patients (aged ≤18 years) who underwent cardiac surgical procedures requiring cardiopulmonary bypass at Boston Children's Hospital (Boston, MA) (N = 1000), the volume of platelet transfusion administered at surgical team discretion was compared with the platelet calculator-recommended platelet transfusion volume by using linear regression analysis. Associations between the adequacy of perioperative platelet transfusion and postoperative bleeding or thrombotic complications within the first 24 hours postoperatively (bleeding) and until hospital discharge (thrombosis) were evaluated by logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS: Lower TEG-MA (≤45 mm) measurements after transfusion were associated with a higher risk for postoperative bleeding (odds ratio, 4.4; 95% CI, 2.6-7.4; P < .01 [significant P value <.05]). The platelet transfusion calculator-recommended platelet transfusion volume (on the basis of TEG-MA measured at the time of rewarming) demonstrated moderate correlation with the measured TEG-MA value after platelet transfusion (Pearson r = 0.7). Intraoperative volumes of platelet transfusion that failed to increase a postoperative TEG-MA of at least 45 mm significantly increased the risk for postoperative bleeding in the first 24 hours after surgical procedures (odds ratio, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.9-5.4; P < .01 [significant P value <.05]). The posttransfusion TEG-MA was not independently associated with thrombosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Customizing perioperative platelet transfusion therapy by using quantitative diagnostic tests can help reduce postoperative bleeding complications.
Folate is a water-soluble B vitamin involved in the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines and is one of the essential vitamins for human growth and reproduction. Folate deficiency due to low dietary intake, poor absorption of folate, and alterations in folate metabolism due to genetic defects or drug interactions significantly increases the risk of diseases such as neural tube defects, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and cognitive dysfunction. Recent studies have shown that folate deficiency can cause hyperhomocysteinemia, which increases the risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, and that high homocysteine levels are an independent risk factor for liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. In addition, folate deficiency results in increased secretion of pro-inflammatory factors and impaired lipid metabolism in the liver, leading to lipid accumulation in hepatocytes and fibrosis. There is substantial evidence that folate deficiency contributes to the development and progression of a variety of liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), viral hepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, and liver cancer. Here we review key studies on the role of folate in the pathophysiology of liver diseases, summarize the current status of studies on folate in the treatment of liver diseases, and speculate that folate may be a potential therapeutic target for liver diseases.
PURPOSE:To obtain maltosyl-beta-cyclodextrin having an ability of forming a clathrate as high as that of known beta-cyclodextrin and good water solubility, by bonding beta-cyclodextrin with maltose by utilizing a condensation reaction by pullulanase. CONSTITUTION:Pullulanase is added to a solution containing maltose and beta- cyclodextrin and having a substrate concentration of about 40-85%. While the temperature, pH, etc., of the solution are being kept in ranges suitable for the action of the enzyme, the solution is allowed to react for about 1-6 days to obtain maltosyl-beta-cyclodextrin. The product is separated and recovered from the above reaction solution by means of, for example, chromatography. Preferably 4-5pts.wt. maltose is used per pt.wt. beta-cyclodextrin.
This is an open-label, phase 1, dose escalation trial that followed a 3x3 design. Three doses will be evaluated in the resectable cohorts: Cohort 1: 0.5x10\^8 NSCs loading 6.25x10\^10 vp; Cohort 2: 1.0x10\^8 NSCs loading 1.25x10\^11 vp; and Cohort 3: 1.5x10\^8 NSCs loading 1.875x10\^11 vp. Subjects enrolled have newly diagnosed high-grade glioma based on clinical and radiologic criteria; pathology will be confirmed at the time of surgical resection. Direct intra-tumoral injection of study product (NSC-CRAd-S-p7) will be done after resection but prior to closure. Subjects will then receive concomitant radiotherapy (RT) at a dose of 60Gy and chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ), 75 mg/m2, daily during RT. This will be followed by adjuvant TMZ dosed at 200 mg/m2 for 6 cycles. Subjects will be followed until disease progression with serial brain MRIs, and for survival up to 5 years. The non-resectable cohort will not opened due to limited product availability.
Dysphagia is prevalent in recently extubated patients with estimates ranging from 29-84% of recently extubated patients having some form of dysphagia with elevated risk for silent aspiration.One challenge providers face when managing post extubation dysphagia (PED) is that there are no best practice guidelines on how to evaluate for PED, specifically how to evaluate for silent aspiration (aspiration without cough response).

One method that has been suggested is the Yale Swallow Protocol (YSP), a pass/fail screen for aspiration consisting of a three ounce water challenge as well as a brief cognitive screen and oral motor exam. The assumption of the YSP is that silent aspiration (aspiration without a cough response) is volume dependent. This is based on a study of over 4000 patients that underwent both a FEES (5mL puree and 5mL liquid boluses) and a 3oz water challenge. Results from previous literature indicated that the 3oz water swallow had a high sensitivity for detecting aspiration (98%). This was again studied with a double blind research design with 25 patients, comparing results of the 3oz water challenge with results of videofluoroscopic swallow study. This showed 100% sensitivity for detecting aspiration, 64% specificity, 78% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value. However, no published study has evaluated the YSP in recently extubated patients and so it is unclear if the high sensitivity and specificity would be retained. Investigators aim to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the Yale Swallow Protocol in identifying aspiration in recently extubated patients.
When Air Quality Health Index is below level 5, the intervention group did daily mild exercise (walking) outdoors for 30 minutes. When Air Quality Health Index is equal to or above level 5, the group is advised to do mild exercise indoors for 30 minutes. Total study period lasted for maximum 70 days.
Patients in the ESD group will be discharged to home as soon as the acute medical treatment is finished. The patients will follow a pre-planned ESD program which consists of home-based rehabilitation (at least 30 minutes of physical therapy and 30 minutes of occupational therapy per week) offered by therapists. The ESD team will also provide social/medical services as needed. The ESD program will be provided till 1 months after discharge point.
After undergoing screening assessments and verifying eligibility for study participation subjects will be scheduled to undergo a baseline experimental \[18F\]FTT PET/CT scan prior to systemic therapy with radionuclide or chemotherapy. Up to 10 patients undergoing systemic therapy may undergo a second (optional) scan that will be performed approximately 1-21 days after therapy has started. The second scan is obtained to evaluate whether the initiation of systemic therapy alters \[18F\]FTT uptake. As this is a pilot study, only a limited number of patients are sought for the second scan.
The invention adds new medicine scientific components into a secret recipe descended from a century ago. The invention has good curative effect on treating liver cirrhosis, ascites and anasarca. The invention also has better curative effect on treating the liver cirrhosis and ascites caused by hepatitis including pathologic liver cirrhosis and ascites caused by hepatitis B. A plurality of cases of hepatitis B ascites patients are cured completely without any relapse. The paste for treating liver cirrhosis and ascites consists of crescent euphorbia (1), orange daylily root (2), welsh-onion stalk (3), welsh-onion seed (4) and siccus bufo powder (5). The crescent euphorbia (1), the orange daylily root (2) and the welsh-onion stalk (3) are decocted in water with dregs removed, the welsh-onion seed powder is added, the mixture is decocted into paste till crisp frying, and then the siccus bufo powder is added. The paste is spread on a piece of cloth and is adhered around the umbilicus, and then the wide cloth is tied around the waist. The diseases can be cured only through the paste applied for 20 to 30 days without taking medicine and injection, and hospitalization.
BACKGROUND: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) account for the majority of device-associated healthcare-acquired infections with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In developing countries with limited resources, the burden of CAUTI have substantial burden owing to the lack of well-organized infection prevention and control. Although there are studies in African countries, the magnitude of CAUTI is inconsistent. Therefore this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of CAUTI in Africa and identify the pathogens involved.
METHODS: Systematic review of articles from different databases and search engines such as Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and African Journal online were systematically searched to identify potential studies. Data were extracted on Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using STATA 17.0. The pooled prevalence of CAUTI was estimated using a random effects model, inverse of variance was used to assess statistical heterogeneity across studies. Egger's tests was performed to identify possible publication bias.
RESULTS: This systematic review and meta-analysis incorporated twenty studies, revealing a pooled prevalence of CAUTI at 43.28%. Gram-negative bacteria were the leading cause of CAUTI accounts for 82.9%. Escherichia coli (45.06%) was the most frequent gram-negative bacterial isolate involved in CAUTI followed by Klebsiella spp (24.17%). Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant gram-positive bacterial isolate, accounting for 53.24% of gram-positive associated cases in CAUTI.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: In conclusion, the high prevalence of CAUTI in Africa underlines a pressing healthcare challenge. Addressing this issue requires a concerted effort, encompassing health education, infection prevention measures, resource allocation, and collaborative initiatives to enhance patient safety and mitigate the impact of CAUTI on healthcare systems in the region. As prolonged catheterization increases the risk of infection, catheters should only be used for proper indications and removed promptly when no longer needed.
The women will fill out an descriptive characteristics questionnaire, which include questions such as age, education and employment status, number of pregnancies and children etc. Mothers will be asked to mark before breastfeeding on their comfort on the Visual Analog Scale. The number "0" on the scale indicates that it is not comfortable at all, and the number "10" indicates that the comfort is complete.The baby's stress level will measure with the "Newborn Stress Scale" before breastfeeding. While the mother is breastfeeding her baby, the breastfeeding process will be evaluated by the researcher with the "LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool". Baby's stress level will be evaluated at the 1st minute of breastfeeding with the "Newborn Stress Scale". After the breastfeeding process is completed, the mother will be asked to fill out the "Visual Analog Scale" again to evaluate her comfort.
FIELD: biology, medicine, veterinary science. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes the composition containing microalga spirulina biomass and ginseng root of cell culture also. Invention relates to also the use of Japanese ginseng strain culture (Panax japonicus N 62 (VSKKVR)) for biomass preparing. Composition of ginseng and spirulina biomass shows high immunostimulating and hematotropic activity that, in part, under condition of different experiments results to increase of circulating immune complexes, reticulocytes, leukocytes and erythrocytes counts and increase of phagocytic activity of neutrophilic leukocytes also. Invention can be used for enhancement of nonspecific resistance of body to different both biotic and abiotic factors, prophylaxis and treatment of immunodeficiency states different blood in immune system disease. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of agent. 2 cl, 3 tbl, 4 ex
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Lynch syndrome (LS) is a hereditary autosomal dominant condition, with an increased lifetime risk of developing malignancies including colorectal cancer (CRC). Current guidelines differ in recommended colonoscopy-surveillance intervals from 1 to 2 years. Although colonoscopy is considered a safe procedure, there are risks of severe adverse events (SAEs), such as perforation and bleeding, as well as adverse events (AEs), such as abdominal discomfort and post-colonoscopy gastrointestinal infections. Colonoscopy-related bleeding and perforation rates have been reported 0.17% and 0.11%, respectively. However, there are insufficient data regarding complications of colonoscopy-surveillance for LS patients. This study aims to investigate the risk of AEs among LS patients during colonoscopy in the Stockholm region.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study includes 351 LS patients undergoing endoscopic surveillance at the Karolinska University Hospital, August 1989 - April 2021. Data from endoscopic surveillance colonoscopies were extracted from patients' medical records.
RESULTS: Of 1873 endoscopies in 351 LS patients, 12 complications (AEs) were documented within 30 days (0.64%) and with a total of 3 bleedings (SAEs, 0.16%). No perforations were identified.
CONCLUSION: Colonoscopy surveillance for LS patients shows a comparatively low risk of AEs per-examination. Colonoscopy complications per-patient, including both SAEs and AEs, show a significantly higher risk. Colonoscopy complications only including SAEs, show a comparatively low risk. Understanding the lifetime risk of surveillance-related colonoscopy complications is important when designing targeted surveillance programmes.
Pre-operative CT scans will be used for localization planning. The images will be reviewed by our team to determine optimal placement of wires or indocyanine green. After induction of general anesthesia and insertion of a double-lumen tube, the patient will be placed in either supine, prone or lateral decubitus position. Under end-inspiratory breath-hold, an initial 30 second rotary scan for surgical planning will be obtained. The puncture path will be planned to be as short as possible while avoiding transfissural punctures or being oriented towards major vascular structure. The skin entry site for the planned needle puncture route will then identified under the guidance of the referential metallic marker. An 18-gauze marker needle will be gradually advanced under CT-guidance until it reached the target lesion. A total of 0.3 ml ICG dye(for superficial lesion) or microcoil or hookwire(for deeper lesion) will then be used to localize the tumor.
A significant challenge for understanding social dysfunctions observed in mental illness is to link high-level theories of social behavior and cognition with the computations performed by brain circuits. Specifically, how does the brain translate social perception into social valuation, and how does such valuation influence social actions? Investigators propose to leverage recent developments in economic theory and cognitive neuroscience to bridge this divide using a computational, model-based approach. In this proposal, investigators hypothesize that social behavior is underpinned by brain mechanisms that are influenced by the neurotransmitter dopamine, and that these mechanisms can be captured by computational models that integrate internal representations of social experience, and parameters relevant to dopamine tone, to inform social actions. Social valuation thus critically, and quantitatively, depends upon both internal social representations and the neurochemistry of the actor within the social environment. To assess this hypothesis, investigators pursue two approaches to evaluate dopamine tone: one in which investigators use an FDA-approved medication, tolcapone, to influence dopamine metabolism, and one in which investigators perform Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging to measure dopamine release and baseline dopamine receptor D2/D3 occupancy. Investigators then apply a model of social valuation to subjects' behavior, and search for neural correlates of this valuation using functional MRI (fMRI). To this end, investigators bring together a group of experts in (1) the neuroeconomics and modeling of social and non-social decision-making, (2) cognitive neuroscience, (3) the pharmacology of frontostriatal circuits, and (4) neuroimaging. Investigators thus seek to broaden our understanding of the computations and circuits underlying social behavior. Moreover, investigators believe that a model-based understanding of these behaviors and neural circuits may guide more robust predictions of the effects of pharmacological manipulations on social valuation, and provide quantitative tools to assess the effects of such manipulations in patient populations, with possible therapeutic implications.
PURPOSE: A composition for suppressing after-cataract is provided to lower attack rate of after-cataract and to prevent loss of sight and secondary surgery due to after-cataract. CONSTITUTION: A composition for suppressing after-cataract contains a hydrophilic sulfasulazine, 1.4-2.0 %(v/v) of hyaluronic acid, and a carrier containing a solution. The hydrophilic sulfasulazine is PEGylated sulfasulazine. A method for manufacturing the composition comprises: a step of hydrophilically modifying sulfasulazine; a step of adding hyaluronic acid powder to the hydrophilically modified-sulfasulazine; and a step of mixing the hydrophilically modified-sulfasulazine and the hyaluronic acid powder at 33-42 deg. C for 5-24 hours. [Reference numerals] (AA) Temperature
Metabolic syndrome is a serious condition involving abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism and obesity; these symptoms are associated with a two- to fourfold increased risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The dietary supplement being investigated in this study is a natural product designed to reduce metabolic syndrome by decreasing hunger, increasing energy, and improving insulin function.

This study will last 12 weeks. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three arms. Participants in Arm 1 will receive the supplement; participants in Arm 2 will have a 50% chance of receiving either the supplement or placebo; participants in Arm 3 will receive placebo. Participants will take their assigned pills 3 times daily for 12 weeks. A follow-up visit will occur at the end of the 12 weeks; there will be a debriefing visit shortly after the follow-up visit. Participants in all 3 arms will receive weekly education and counseling sessions on healthy lifestyle changes to encourage weight loss. Blood collection will occur at study start and at the end of 12 weeks for assessment of fasting blood glucose, insulin, cholesterol, and levels of certain hormones. Participants will also be asked to complete questionnaires at study entry and at Week 12; the questionnaires will assess depression, stress, self-absorption, optimism, food cravings, hunger, the degree to which participants seek pleasure from activities, and participants' thoughts about their ability to make behavioral changes.
A 2013 systematic review and Delphi consensus study identified 12 modifiable risk and protective factors for dementia, which were subsequently merged into the "LIfestyle for BRAin health" (LIBRA) score. We systematically evaluated whether LIBRA requires revision based on new evidence. To identify modifiable risk and protective factors suitable for dementia risk reduction, we combined an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses with a two-round Delphi consensus study. The review of 608 unique primary studies and opinions of 18 experts prioritized six modifiable factors: hearing impairment, social contact, sleep, life course inequalities, atrial fibrillation, and psychological stress. Based on expert ranking, hearing impairment, social contact, and sleep were considered the most suitable candidates for inclusion in updated dementia risk scores. As such, the current study shows that dementia risk scores need systematic updates based on emerging evidence. Future studies will validate the updated LIBRA score in different cohorts. HIGHLIGHTS: An umbrella review was combined with opinions of 18 dementia experts. Various candidate targets for dementia risk reduction were identified. Experts prioritized hearing impairment, social contact, and sleep. Re-assessment of dementia risk scores is encouraged. Future work should evaluate the predictive validity of updated risk scores.
A healthcare monitoring system 100 in receipt of at least an input parameter from a medical device, where the system determines a change in a patient’s condition based upon the input parameter using a trained model. System 100 may receive a biofluid flow from a biofluid source, and may comprise: a reservoir coupled to the biofluid source; and a sensing arrangement to determine the biofluid volume in the reservoir, where system 100 determines the change in the patient’s condition based upon an output value of the sensing arrangement and where the monitoring system generates an alert based upon the output value of the sensing arrangement. The sensing arrangement may comprise an ultrasonic sensor. System 100 may determine the change in the patient’s condition using a knowledge base and rules determined using the knowledge base. System 100 may determine the trained model from the application of machine learning techniques to historical data. System 100 may respond to a determined change in the patient’s condition by initiating an action designated by the rule, where the action may be an instruction to a connected device or possibly a request to a fluid bolus to alter an amount of fluid delivered to the patient