anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This is an open-label (both physician and patient know the name of the study medication), multicenter, Phase I study, consisting of 2 parts. The first part of the study will be nonrandomized (study drug is intentionally assigned), and all patients will receive the same dose. In the second part of the study, patients will be randomized (study medication assigned by chance) into 2 dose groups. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (intraesophageal/intragastric pH, clinical global impression, formulation palatability and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) daily symptom diary) and safety of rabeprazole after single and multiple daily administration at 2 dose levels in children between the ages of 1 and 11 months, inclusive (up to 11 months 29 days), with GERD. As this study is an exploratory assessment of the PK, pharmacodynamics and safety of rabeprazole in children, no formal hypothesis testing is applied. Safety and tolerability, including monitoring of adverse events, clinical laboratory results, physical examination, vital signs and electrocardiogram measurements (the measuring of the electrical currents in the heart), will be evaluated throughout the study. Patients will receive rabeprazole sodium as single daily oral doses for 5 successive days (Option 1), or up to 14 successive days (10 days minimum) (Option 2) as a bead formulation. In Part 1, patients will receive single and multiple daily (every 24 hours) doses of 0.5 mg/kg, using increments of 1 mg dose. Safety and PK data from Part 1 of the study will determine the 2 dosages to be studied in Part 2 of the study. In Part 2, patients may receive rabeprazole sodium as single daily oral doses for up to a maximum of 28 consecutive days as a bead formulation. Patients will be randomized into either the 5 mg dose or 10 mg dose group.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading infectious disease worldwide and kidney transplant recipients (KTR) is high risk population needing prevention from reactivation, which cause high mortality. In fact, its latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is increasing after transplantation and has been identified as a risk factor for TB. However, the suitable regimen for LTBI treatment in KTRs remains unclear. Currently, three-month rifamycin-containing regimens, such as weekly rifapentine and isoniazid (3HP) or daily rifampicin and isoniazid (3HP), are common because its non-inferiority to nine-month of daily isoniazid (9H) and high completion rate by its short course in TB contacts. However, KTRs have many differences from general population, like use of immune-suppressants and possible residual renal insufficiency, so that to prescribe rifamycin-containing LTBI treatment regimens may have many concerns. One biggest concern is that drug-drug interaction between rifamycin and immunosuppressants. In addition, there is no study before in investigating the use of rifamycin-containing regimen in the population of KTRs (only study for kidney transplant candidates). Therefore, we conducted this project aiming to monitor the safe issues (adverse events and drug-drug interaction), completion rate, and prevention effect in the population of KTRs.
PURPOSE: A Cornus officinalis extract and a composition are provided to suppress thrombin and platelet aggregation, and to prevent and treat thrombosis such as ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. CONSTITUTION: A method for preparing a material which suppresses thrombin using Cornus officinalis comprises: a step of extracting Cornus officinalis with water or an organic solvent; a step of fractioning the extract with an organic solvent, and purifying by a molecular sieve. The organic solvent is selected among spirit, anhydrous or hydrous C1-C4 alcohol, and a mixture solvent of the low carbon number alcohol and water. The material has thermal stability and acid stability. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating thrombosis contains the material, a fraction thereof, or a crude purified material prepared by silicagel chromatography. [Reference numerals] (AA) Thrombin time; (BB) Prothrombin time; (CC) aPTT time; (DD) Concentration(ug/ml)
Patients receive anakinra IV (previously SC) over 10-30 minutes daily on days 0-13 and lisocabtagene maraleucel via infusion on day 0. Patients should also undergo at screening an x-ray, PET/CT or CT, BMA and biopsy (as clinically indicated), and lumbar puncture (as clinically indicated), and at follow-up as clinically indicated. Patients also undergo blood sample collection on study.
The invention discloses a pharmaceutical composition for treating diabetes and a preparation method thereof. The pharmaceutical composition is a double-layered troche which consists of a quick release layer and a slow release layer. The pharmaceutical composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-15 parts of colesevelam hydrochloride, 0.1-1.5 parts of gliclazide and 1.5-3 parts of auxiliary materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing the raw materials; preparing the quick release layer; preparing the slow release layer; and tabletting. Colesevelam hydrochloride and gliclazide in the composition have a synergistic effect so as to remarkably increase the blood sugar-reducing effect of gliclazide. The composition has the characteristics of simple components, convenience in delivery, lasting effect, stable curative effect and the like. The preparation method is simple to operate, convenient for production, low in request on equipment and suitable for industrial production on a large scale.
Knee pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints in primary care medicine. The leading causes of knee pain are osteoarthritis and musculoskeletal disorders. A careful history and a rigorous clinical examination usually enable a diagnosis to be made without the need for further investigations. A systematic search for red flags helps identify patients requiring urgent and specialized care. When necessary, X-rays and ultrasound are the first-line imaging tests to perform. The latter can be used to guide a joint puncture for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. This article reviews the diagnostic approach and summarizes the management of the main pathologies encountered in the general practitioner's office.
PURPOSE: The aim of this exploratory study was to investigate perceptions of people who stutter and beliefs about the causes and cures of stuttering within the Hispanic/Latino community.
METHODS: Respondents who were 18 or older and of Hispanic/Latino origin were invited to respond to a 24-question online survey. Questions involved exploring familiarity with and beliefs regarding etiologies, treatment approaches, treatment providers, stereotypes, and perceptions of people who stutter. Data from 151 respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
RESULTS: Results revealed that the most commonly held beliefs regarding the causes of stuttering were being "born with it", an "emotional disturbance or trauma", a "brain disorder", and/ or a "sensory impairment". The most frequently cited beliefs regarding treating stuttering were "therapy", "rehabilitation", and "tell them to slow down". Over 75 % of respondents believed that "speech therapists" can cure or treat stuttering. Respondents' perceptions of people who stutter are that they are generally "nervous" and "shy".
CONCLUSIONS: Common beliefs and perceptions relative to stuttering were identified in the Hispanic/Latino community. The beliefs one holds about the cause of stuttering as well as their negative perceptions of stutterers may contribute to the continued stigmatization of people who stutter. Implications are discussed regarding the need for culturally appropriate education for individuals who stutter, their families, and the general public.
The pulmonary rehabilitation consists of exercise training during 10 weeks and a theoretic part presented with conventional technique. Patients randomized into education by conventional technique.
Amlodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist (calcium ion antagonist or slow-channel blocker) that inhibits the transmembrane influx of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. Experimental data suggest that amlodipine binds to both dihydropyridine and nondihydropyridine binding sites. The contractile processes of cardiac muscle and vascular smooth muscle are dependent upon the movement of extracellular calcium ions into these cells through specific ion channels. Amlodipine inhibits calcium ion influx across cell membranes selectively, with a greater effect on vascular smooth muscle cells than on cardiac muscle cells. Negative inotropic effects can be detected in vitro but such effects have not been seen in intact animals at therapeutic doses. Serum calcium concentration is not affected by amlodipine. Within the physiologic pH range, amlodipine is an ionized compound (pKa=8.6), and its kinetic interaction with the calcium channel receptor is characterized by a gradual rate of association and dissociation with the receptor binding site, resulting in a gradual onset of effect.

Amlodipine is a peripheral arterial vasodilator that acts directly on vascular smooth muscle to cause a reduction in peripheral vascular resistance and reduction in blood pressure.

The precise mechanisms by which amlodipine relieves angina have not been fully delineated, but are thought to include the following: 

Exertional Angina: In patients with exertional angina, amlodipine reduces the total peripheral resistance (afterload) against which the heart works and reduces the rate pressure product, and thus myocardial oxygen demand, at any given level of exercise.  


Vasospastic Angina: Amlodipine has been demonstrated to block constriction and restore blood flow in coronary arteries and arterioles in response to calcium, potassium epinephrine, serotonin, and thromboxane A2 analog in experimental animal models and in human coronary vessels in vitro. This inhibition of coronary spasm is responsible for the effectiveness of amlodipine besylate in vasospastic (Prinzmetal’s or variant) angina.
Histamine acts as a potent vasodilator when released from mast cells during an allergic reaction. It is largely responsible for the immediate skin test reaction of a sensitive patient when challenged with an offending allergen.

The effect of added Glycerin (50% v/v) to 1 mg/mL histamine base was studied by puncture testing using a bifurcated needle in twelve volunteer subjects. The mean sum of cross-diameters of the wheals was 13.25 mm (range 10-15 mm) for the non-glycerinated, and 12.54 mm (range 9-15 mm) for the glycerinated formulation. Sum of cross-diameters of erythema was 52.88 mm (range 23-92 mm) for the non-glycerinated, and 54.42 mm (range 19-87 mm) for the glycerinated formulation. These differences are not statistically significant.
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a hallmark of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and a major contributor to vision loss in nAMD cases. However, the identification of specific cell types associated with nAMD remains challenging. Herein, we performed single-cell sequencing to comprehensively explore the cellular diversity and understand the foundational components of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid complex. We unveiled 10 distinct cell types within the RPE/choroid complex. Notably, we observed significant heterogeneity within endothelial cells (ECs), fibroblasts, and macrophages, underscoring the intricate nature of the cellular composition in the RPE/choroid complex. Within the EC category, four distinct clusters were identified and EC cluster 0 was tightly associated with choroidal neovascularization. We identified five clusters of fibroblasts actively involved in the pathogenesis of nAMD, influencing fibrotic responses, angiogenic effects, and photoreceptor function. Additionally, three clusters of macrophages were identified, suggesting their potential roles in regulating the progression of nAMD through immunomodulation and inflammation regulation. Through CellChat analysis, we constructed a complex cell-cell communication network, revealing the role of EC clusters in interacting with fibroblasts and macrophages in the context of nAMD. These interactions were found to govern angiogenic effects, fibrotic responses, and inflammatory processes. In summary, this study reveals noteworthy cellular heterogeneity in the RPE/choroid complex and provides valuable insights into the pathogenesis of CNV. These findings will open up potential avenues for deep understanding and targeted therapeutic interventions in nAMD.
Researchers used the directed forgetting paradigm composed of two lists of action verbs. The instruction "to forget" is given at the end of learning the first list (To Be Forgotten (TBF)), following a simulation of a computer bug. Therefore a second list is presented to be learned and remembered (To Be Remembered (TBR)). A recognition task is performed at the end. The action verbs had to be encoded using four conditions: action performed, mimed, imagined action, action with a contextual word, reading the action verb only. 48 schizophrenic patients were included in this study. Patients were randomized to have 10 participants per condition. 48 controls matched by age, gender, laterality and education are also included and randomized in the same modality. This study aims to show that the encoding of sensory-motor components, more than providing a context could improve the inhibitory capacities but also memory in schizophrenia, and possibly be used in remediation cognitive.
ERBITUX can cause serious and fatal infusion reactions. Infusion reactions of any grade occurred in 8.4% of 1373 patients who received ERBITUX across clinical trials. Severe (Grades 3 and 4) infusion reactions occurred in 2.2% of patients [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. Signs and symptoms included rapid onset of airway obstruction (bronchospasm, stridor, hoarseness), hypotension, shock, loss of consciousness, myocardial infarction, and/or cardiac arrest. 

The risk of anaphylactic reactions may be increased in patients with a history of tick bites, red meat allergy, or in the presence of IgE antibodies directed against galactose-α-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal). Consider testing patients for alpha-gal IgE antibodies using FDA-cleared methods prior to initiating ERBITUX. Negative results for alpha-gal antibodies do not rule out the risk of severe infusion reactions.

Approximately 90% of severe infusion reactions occurred with the first infusion despite premedication with antihistamines. Infusion reactions may occur during or several hours following completion of the infusion. 

Premedicate with a histamine-1(H1) receptor antagonist as recommended [see Dosage and Administration (2.4)]. Monitor patients for at least 1 hour following each ERBITUX infusion, in a setting with resuscitation equipment and other agents necessary to treat anaphylaxis. In patients requiring treatment for infusion reactions, monitor for more than 1 hour to confirm resolution of the reaction. Interrupt the infusion and upon recovery, resume the infusion at a slower rate or permanently discontinue ERBITUX based on severity [see Dosage and Administration (2.5)].
Excessive beta-adrenergic stimulation has been associated with seizures, angina, hypertension or hypotension, tachycardia with rates up to 200 beats/min, arrhythmias, nervousness, headache, tremor, palpitation, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, malaise, and insomnia [see Overdosage (10)]. Therefore, BREYNA, like all products containing sympathomimetic amines, should be used with caution in patients with cardiovascular disorders, especially coronary insufficiency, cardiac arrhythmias, and hypertension.

Formoterol, a component of BREYNA, can produce a clinically significant cardiovascular effect in some patients as measured by pulse rate, blood pressure, and/or symptoms. Although such effects are uncommon after administration of formoterol at recommended doses, if they occur, the drug may need to be discontinued. In addition, beta-agonists have been reported to produce ECG changes, such as flattening of the T wave, prolongation of the QTc interval, and ST segment depression. The clinical significance of these findings is unknown. Fatalities have been reported in association with excessive use of inhaled sympathomimetic drugs.
Saxagliptin and metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets 

Elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function. Assess renal function more frequently in the elderly [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. 

Saxagliptin 

In the seven, double-blind, controlled clinical safety and efficacy trials of saxagliptin, a total of 4,751 (42%) of the 11,301 patients randomized to saxagliptin were 65 years and over, and 1,210 (10.7%) were 75 years and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between subjects ≥65 years old and younger subjects. While this clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out. 

Metformin hydrochloride 

Controlled clinical studies of metformin did not include sufficient numbers of elderly patients to determine whether they respond differently from younger patients, although other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and young patients. Metformin is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy and the higher risk of lactic acidosis. Assess renal function more frequently in elderly patients [see Contraindications (4), Warnings and Precautions (5.1), and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. [see Contraindications (4), Warnings and Precautions (5.1), and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
The invention discloses an application of rhizoma polygonati polysaccharide in preparing a medicine or health care product for preventing or treating hyperuricemia. Wherein the rhizoma Polygonati polysaccharide is extracted from rhizoma Polygonati by water or mixture of water and ethanol. Wherein the rhizoma Polygonati polysaccharide contains two parts with weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 6.6kDa and 665.8 kDa. In the hyperuricemia model mice, the rhizoma polygonati polysaccharide can obviously reduce the blood uric acid level by three doses of 312.5mg/kg, 625mg/kg and 1250mg/kg through gastric lavage administration, and has obvious protective effects on liver and kidney. And the rhizoma polygonati polysaccharide can play a role in reducing uric acid by inhibiting the activity and expression of xanthine oxidase in the liver. Further proved that the polygonatum polysaccharide has an inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase activity and expression level in vitro experiments and in mouse liver primary cells. The invention widens the application range of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and provides a new direction for developing high-efficiency low-toxicity uric acid-reducing and gout-resisting medicaments or health care products.
The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology and medicine, and discloses a new human epididymis specific expression sperm binding protein HEL-72 as well as preparation and application thereof. The invention discloses an amino acid sequence of the HEL-72 protein and provides a recombination expression carrier carrying the DNA sequence for encoding the protein. The protein is located in the primary segment and tail segment at the tail part of a mature sperm. A RT-PCR result shows that the gene is lowly expressed in the epididymis, highly expressed in the tissues of testis, kidney and stomach, and is negative in the heart and liver. A band of about 30 KD is detected in the corpus epididymidis part with Western blot. The HEL-72 protein can be used as a target protein for researching and developing immunity contraceptive as well as clinical diagnosis and treatment for male sterility. A method for detecting a corresponding gene or protein based on development of the HEL-72 protein can be widely used for the research field of reproductive medicine.
The invention discloses a kind of Viburnum opulus Linn. var. calvescens (Rehd.) Hara f. calvescens branches and leaves lignanoid and extracting method and purposes, dry Viburnum opulus Linn. var. calvescens (Rehd.) Hara f. calvescens branches and leaves are crushed etc.；Using thermostatic ultrasonic instrument warm water suspension medicinal extract, extraction, reduced pressure, medicinal extract is obtained；Chloroform extract medicinal extract methanol is taken to dissolve, elution removes chlorophyll, is chromatographed, is purified, and different compounds in 5 are obtained.The monomer lignanoid purity that the present invention obtains reaches 96%~99%, can carry out Objective structural modification, is applied to pharmaceutical synthesis, obtains the better drug molecule of activity；5 lignanoids are to extract from Viburnum opulus Linn. var. calvescens (Rehd.) Hara f. calvescens for the first time, so that the approach for obtaining this kind of active skull cap components is more extensive.Simple and convenient extraction of the present invention, the easily separated recycling of organic solvent combination, blowdown is few, is suitable for modern fine industrial production.The present invention uses newest SBC MCI GEL reverse-phase chromatography filler, and the removal rate of chlorophyll is made to be increased to 97%~100% from 60%~70%.Present invention discloses the antiatherosclerosis purposes of lignanoid's monomer.
The invention relates to the technical field of animal bacteriology and anthropozoonosis science, in particular to the application of dominant negative mutant F427N as bacillus anthracis toxin inhibitor and vaccine. In the invention, by the methods of bacillus anthracis lethal toxin gene clone, protein expression and purification, gene fixed point saturation mutation and the like, the protective antigen protein of the bacillus anthracis (namely, dominant negative mutant F427N) is obtained. The mutant is successfully cloned to bacterial expression vector pGEX-KG, thus forming recombinant plasmid pGEX-KG-PA (F427N). The colon bacillus containing the recombinant plasmid is named as Escherichia coli DH5 alpha/pGEX-KG-PA (F427N) and preserved at China Center for Type Culture Collection. The preservation code is CCTCC-M208159. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the antigen protein, a method for preparing the anthrax toxin inhibitor and subunit vaccine with the antigen protein and the application thereof.
Participants will be provided with a mix of 6 study products to use over the 12 week trial (2 per day). These will be a) oatmeal, b) pancake mix, c) chocolate crunch bar, d) cranberry nut bar, e) anytime sprinkle, and f) smoothie mix. The food items will contain a standardized amount of functional ingredients.