anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Findings from studies assessing Long Covid in children and young people (CYP) need to be assessed in light of their methodological limitations. For example, if non-response and/or attrition over time systematically differ by sub-groups of CYP, findings could be biased and any generalisation limited. The present study aimed to (i) construct survey weights for the Children and young people with Long Covid (CLoCk) study, and (ii) apply them to published CLoCk findings showing the prevalence of shortness of breath and tiredness increased over time from baseline to 12-months post-baseline in both SARS-CoV-2 Positive and Negative CYP.
METHODS: Logistic regression models were fitted to compute the probability of (i) Responding given envisioned to take part, (ii) Responding timely given responded, and (iii) (Re)infection given timely response. Response, timely response and (re)infection weights were generated as the reciprocal of the corresponding probability, with an overall 'envisioned population' survey weight derived as the product of these weights. Survey weights were trimmed, and an interactive tool developed to re-calibrate target population survey weights to the general population using data from the 2021 UK Census.
RESULTS: Flexible survey weights for the CLoCk study were successfully developed. In the illustrative example, re-weighted results (when accounting for selection in response, attrition, and (re)infection) were consistent with published findings.
CONCLUSIONS: Flexible survey weights to address potential bias and selection issues were created for and used in the CLoCk study. Previously reported prospective findings from CLoCk are generalisable to the wider population of CYP in England. This study highlights the importance of considering selection into a sample and attrition over time when considering generalisability of findings.
Infusion-related reactions, including anaphylaxis, have occurred with ADCETRIS. Monitor patients during infusion. If anaphylaxis occurs, immediately and permanently discontinue administration of ADCETRIS and administer appropriate medical therapy. If an infusion-related reaction occurs, interrupt the infusion and institute appropriate medical management. Patients who have experienced a prior infusion-related reaction should be premedicated for subsequent infusions. Premedication may include acetaminophen, an antihistamine, and a corticosteroid.
Lidocaine Releasing Intravesical System (LiRIS®) is inserted into the bladder via cystoscopy on Study Day 0 and removed on Study Day 14. LiRIS releases lidocaine gradually during the 14 day indwelling period.
This is a registry study of the natural course of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA). In addition, the investigators will analyze the benefit-risk of antithrombotic or anticoagulant therapy in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms associated with ischemic heart disease or ischemic cerebrovascular disease. The investigators aim to use research data to create a China national database of UIA. This study is supported by a research grant from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China. The investigators will collaborate with the other 19 medical centers which locate in the different districts of China.

During the study period, all the patients included in this study will observe and treat in the collaborating medical centers. Included patients will be followed-up for at least 1year. Research data will represent the real natural course of UIA in China. For this study, the investigators consulted and hired professional experts about data collection, data and methodology. An intact systematic project steering committee, including Data Monitoring Committee, Data Management Committee, Project Academic Committee, Executive Group, Project Manager, Project Statistician, and Technical Support Center has been built up. Scientific regulations have also been made
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a key class of endogenous non-coding RNAs that play a pivotal role in regulating diseases. Accurately predicting the intricate relationships between miRNAs and diseases carries profound implications for disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. However, these prediction tasks are highly challenging due to the complexity of the underlying relationships. While numerous effective prediction models exist for validating these associations, they often encounter information distortion due to limitations in efficiently retaining information during the encoding-decoding process. Inspired by Multi-layer Heterogeneous Graph Transformer and Machine Learning XGboost classifier algorithm, this study introduces a novel computational approach based on multi-layer heterogeneous encoder-machine learning decoder structure for miRNA-disease association prediction (MHXGMDA). First, we employ the multi-view similarity matrices as the input coding for MHXGMDA. Subsequently, we utilize the multi-layer heterogeneous encoder to capture the embeddings of miRNAs and diseases, aiming to capture the maximum amount of relevant features. Finally, the information from all layers is concatenated to serve as input to the machine learning classifier, ensuring maximal preservation of encoding details. We conducted a comprehensive comparison of seven different classifier models and ultimately selected the XGBoost algorithm as the decoder. This algorithm leverages miRNA embedding features and disease embedding features to decode and predict the association scores between miRNAs and diseases. We applied MHXGMDA to predict human miRNA-disease associations on two benchmark datasets. Experimental findings demonstrate that our approach surpasses several leading methods in terms of both the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and the area under the precision-recall curve.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention concerns medical equipment, namely pre-dosed dry powder inhalers. An inhaler contains a dose of dry powdered medicine and a container. The dose of dry powdered medicine is loaded into the container and contains tiotropium particles and particles of at least one dry excipient. The container is provided with dry sealing facilities with high barrier properties, containing aluminium that prevents moisture penetration. The dose of dry powdered medicine in the container is prepared either volumetric, or electric field methods of dose preparation. ^ EFFECT: application of the invention allows improving stability of powdered tiotropium if used for treating asthma and other respiratory disorders. ^ 18 cl, 5 dwg
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an immunosuppressant commonly used to treat multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases. Despite known side effects such as lymphopenia, the effect of DMF on cardiac development remains unclear. To assess this, we used zebrafish to evaluate the cardiac developmental toxicity of DMF. Our study showed that DMF reduced the survival rate of zebrafish embryos, with those exposed to 1, 1.3, and 1.6 mg/L exhibiting heart rate reduction, shortened body length, delayed yolk sac absorption, pericardial edema, increased distance from sinus venous to bulbus arteriosus, and separation of cardiomyocytes and endocardial cells at 72 hpf. Heart development-related genes showed disorder, apoptosis-related genes were up-regulated, and the oxidative stress response was down-regulated. Treatment with cysteamine ameliorated the heart development defects. Our study demonstrates that DMF induces cardiac developmental toxicity in zebrafish, possibly by down-regulating oxidative stress responses. This study provides a certain research basis for further study of DMF-induced cardiac developmental toxicity, and provides some experimental evidence for future clinical application and study of DMF.
Hypertension is the leading preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality, and prevention and treatment of high blood pressure (BP) is crucial for reducing the global burden of CVD.

Nonpharmacological interventions, including dietary interventions, are recommended as the primary approach for prevention and treatment of elevated BP and hypertension in US adults. Observational epidemiological studies have reported an inverse association between dietary potassium intake and BP, and clinical trials have documented that potassium supplementation reduces BP. However, previous clinical trials of potassium supplementation and BP have been limited to comparing one single dose of potassium supplementation (mostly 60 mmol/day or 1173 mg/day) to placebo control. Therefore, the optimal level of dietary intake of potassium in the population is currently unknown. In 2019, the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine updated the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) recommendations for potassium intake based on the most current evidence associating potassium intake with CVD outcomes, including BP. Limited evidence precluded the DRI Committee from establishing a Chronic Disease Risk Reduction Intake level. The specific goal of the proposed randomized controlled trial is to study the intake-response effect for 4 levels of potassium supplementation on BP among adults with elevated BP or hypertension (defined as average untreated office systolic BP 120-159 mm Hg and diastolic BP \<100 mm Hg). The investigators will test the primary hypothesis that compared with placebo (0 mmol/day potassium supplementation), there is a progressive relationship between increasing doses of oral potassium supplementation (30, 60, and 90 mmol/day or 1173, 2346, 3519 mg/day) and decreasing levels of 24-hour systolic BP from baseline to 12-weeks of follow-up. The investigators will also evaluate effects on daytime (awake) and nighttime (asleep) BP, office systolic and diastolic BP, sodium excretion, and effect mediation and moderation by age, sex, race, central adiposity, baseline urine excretion of sodium and potassium, and change in urine sodium. The results from the proposed trial will fill a critical knowledge gap and may identify the optimal level of potassium supplementation for BP lowering among adults with elevated BP and hypertension. This information can be used to develop dietary guidelines for the prevention and treatment of elevated BP, hypertension, and CVD.
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with significant morbidity and mortality. Current therapies remain limited by side effects and loss of response over time, and there is an ongoing need for new therapies. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), which has proven to be safe and effective in the management of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has been proposed as a therapy for UC. There have been studies examining the role of FMT in UC, but they have shown mixed results, and have not examined the underlying immunologic and microbial changes to explain how and why FMT works from specific donors and in certain recipients. Furthermore, no studies have examined the long-term safety of FMT in patients with UC. This proposal aims to examine: (a) the short- and long-term safety of FMT in patients with UC, (b) the efficacy of FMT as a therapy for mild-moderate UC, and (c) the microbial and immunologic changes that occur after FMT, to help understand how and why it works in this group of patients.
Varenicline treatment will start one week prior to the patient's target quit date at 0.5 mg/day for days 1-3, 0.5 mg twice daily for days 4-7. On the target quit date (day 8), the dose will be increased to 1 mg twice daily and maintained for day 8-week 12. Patients will receive weekly calls during the first 4 weeks and at weeks 8, 12, and 24 to inquire about medication adherence and smoking status, motivate the patient to take the medication, encourage them not to smoke, and ask about possible side effects or other issues.
No Intervention is planned. All patients receive a 5 Minute ECG and have their pulse recordes by an iPhone.
BACKGROUND: The RPGR gene has been associated with X-linked cone-rod dystrophy. This report describes a variant in RPGR detected with exome sequencing (ES). Genes like RPGR have not always been included in panel-based testing and thus genome-wide tests such as ES may be required for accurate diagnosis.
METHODS: The Texome Project is studying the impact of ES in medically underserved patients who are in need of genomic testing to guide diagnosis and medical management. The hypothesis is that ES could uncover diagnoses not made by standard medical care.
RESULTS: A 58-year-old male presented with retinitis pigmentosa, sensorineural hearing loss, and a family history of retinal diseases. A previous targeted gene panel for retinal disorders had not identified a molecular cause. ES through the Texome Project identified a novel, hemizygous variant in RPGR (NM_000328.3: c.1302dup, p.L435Sfs*18) that explained the ocular phenotype.
CONCLUSIONS: Continued genetics evaluation can help to end diagnostic odysseys of patients. Careful consideration of genes represented when utilizing gene panels is crucial to ensure an accurate diagnosis. Medically underserved populations are less likely to receive comprehensive genetic testing in their diagnostic workup. Our report is an example of the medical impact of genomic medicine implementation.
Patients undergo TAPS at the true acupuncture point (P6) 30 minutes prior to first chemotherapy infusion and then four times a day for 20 minutes every 2 hours at 8am, 10am, 12pm, and 2pm. Patients then crossover to Arm II for the second course of chemotherapy.
Real antihypertensive agents will be provided for this arm, to decrease systolic BP to lower than 120 mm Hg. In this group, the following study medications will be used: tablets with Allisartan Isoproxil 240 mg (first-line medication); tablets with Amlodipine 5 mg (second-line medication). Treatment will be started with Allisartan 240 mg. If necessary to reach the BP goal, Amlodipine (first 5 mg or then 10 mg daily) will be given in addition. If intolerable side effects occur, first-line medication may be replaced by second-line medication.
Retinoblastoma is the most common pediatric malignant intraocular tumor and originates from the retina. Treatment of eyes with advanced intraocular retinoblastoma remains a challenge. The historic standard of care for patients with unilateral disease is enucleation and for those with bilateral disease, a variety of modalities have been tried. These include radiation therapy, systemic chemotherapy, periocular administration of chemotherapy, selective intra-arterial chemotherapy, and intravitreal chemotherapy. Unfortunately, all of these modalities are associated with significant morbidity and investigators are looking for new ways to treat these patients either with novel directed drug delivery methods or with new less toxic agents. This study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of topotecan delivered directly to the eye using a novel sustained-release topotecan episcleral delivery system (also referred to as a Chemoplaque) in patients with active de novo or recurrent intraocular retinoblastoma in at least one eye following completion of first-line therapy. The study intervention involves the insertion and removal of the Chemoplaque, examinations under anaesthesia (EUAs), visits to clinic to monitor for adverse events throughout, and post plaque removal toxicity evaluation. EUAs, clinic visits and laboratory tests are standard of care for retinoblastoma patients.
Here we describe the molecular identification of a cDNA encoding a novel serine protease we have termed D-G. The deduced amino acid sequence, and its alignment with other well characterized serine proteases clearly indicates that it is a member of the S1 serine protease family. We have found that the protease D-G mRNA is widely expressed in several tissues throughout the body including epidermis, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, colon, small intestine, stomach, lung, kidney, bone marrow, lymph node, thymus, ovary, prostate, uterus and spinal cord. Interestingly, this protease contains a hydrophobic stretch of amino acids which is a putative transmembrane near the NH2-terminus. Thus, this serine protease is thought to be synthesized as a type II  integral protein. We expressed a soluble form of this novel human protease by inserting the portion of the protease D-G cDNA, encoding the catalytic domain, in a zymogen activation construct designed to permit the generic activation of heterologous serine protease catalytic domains. The result is an active preparation of protease D-G that has an activity against a subset of amidolytic substrates. This enzymatically active protease D-G preparation is now amenable to further biochemical analyses for the identification of physiological substrates as well as specific inhibitors.
BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a pervasive global health concern, with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality. Medications used in patients with HF may exacerbate HF or prolong the QT interval, posing additional risks.
OBJECTIVE: The objective is to assess the prevalence and utilization patterns of medications known to cause or exacerbate HF and prolong the QT interval among patients with ADHF. Understanding these patterns is crucial for optimizing patient care and minimizing potential risks.
METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted at Huntsville Hospital, Huntsville, USA, covering 602 patients with ADHF over a 40-month period. Inclusion criteria involved age ≥ 18 years, a history of HF, and ADHF admission. The 2016 American Heart Association Scientific Statement was used to identify drugs that may cause or exacerbate HF and those that could prolong the QT interval RESULTS: Among the 602 patients, 57.3% received medications causing or exacerbating HF, notably albuterol (34.9%) and diabetes medications (20.4%), primarily metformin, followed by urologic agents (14.3%), mostly tamsulosin, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (6.1%). Moreover, 82.9% were on medications prolonging the QT interval, with loop diuretics, amiodarone, ondansetron, and famotidine most prevalent. Furthermore, 42.1% of the patients received more than two concomitant medications that prolong the QT interval, which can further exacerbate the risk of torsades de pointes.
CONCLUSION: This study underscores the high prevalence of HF-causing or HF-exacerbating medications and QT-prolonging drugs in patients with ADHF. Healthcare professionals must be cognizant of these patterns, advocating for safer prescribing practices to optimize patient outcomes and reduce the burden of HF-related hospitalizations.
BACKGROUND: Prior research has demonstrated a discrepancy between pathologic and clinical staging in individuals with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). These findings were the major reasons for the under-usage of the bladder preservation strategy. Hence, we aim to explore the reliable markers in identifying pathological complete response (ypCR) status in MIBC patients who achieved clinical complete response (cCR) after NAC.
METHODS: Between January 2016 and April 2023, 161 consecutive MIBC patients treated with NAC and achieved cCR were enrolled in the study. Patient clinicopathologic information was documented. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used for determining adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). It considered statistically significant when a P < .05.
RESULTS: Of the 161 MIBC patients with cCR after NAC, 64.0% (103/161) achieved ypCR after RC. The independent factors for ypCR status were the origin of MIBC (secondary vs. Primary) with odds ratios (OR) of 0.433 (P = .027), the pathological type (pure vs. mixed) with OR of 3.556 (P = .003), concurrent carcinoma in situ (yes vs. no) with OR of 0.360 (P = .016), and lymphovascular invasion (yes vs. no) with OR of 0.271 (P = .007).
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that primary MIBC, pure UC pathological type, absence of concurrent CIS, and LVI were significant predictors of ypCR in MIBC patients who achieved cCR after NAC and before surgery. These findings may contribute to the decision-making process of bladder preservation strategy in selected patients.
INTRODUCTION: Sarcopenia is characterised by the progressive weakening of muscle function that occurs with age. This condition frequently leads to frailty, disability and even death. Research on sarcopenia prevention is growing. Digital health exercise interventions are increasingly gaining attention in this field, with the rapid advancement of the internet and the influence of the COVID-19. However, there is a lack of empirical support for their effectiveness. Our study aims to assess the effect of digital health exercise intervention on sarcopenia in older persons, specifically focusing on its ability to improve muscle strength, muscle mass and physical performance.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Searching will be performed in the following 11 databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, PsycINFO, WOS, Scopus, CBM, CNKI, WANFANG and VIP) for published trials and 2 trial registries (ClinicalTrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform) for unpublished trials. Google Scholar will be used to find grey literature. The criterion of inclusion will be clinical trials involving digital health exercise interventions in older adults (≥60 years) diagnosed with sarcopenia (possible, confirmed or severe sarcopenia). For data synthesis, we will use a summary table to show the major characteristics of selected trials and a summary graph to demonstrate the risk of bias for each outcome using RoB 2, which will be further discussed in a narrative synthesis. The possibility of meta-analysis for quantitative data will be assessed according to the homogeneity analysis of the trials, using the methods of fixed or random effects model. If meta-analysis is possible, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis will be performed as well. Publication bias will be assessed through the use of the funnel plot and Egger's linear regression test when an adequate number of trials are available. Finally, the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach will be used to classify the certainty of evidence body into four categories (high, moderate, low and very low).
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The findings of the systematic review will be shared through publishing in a peer-reviewed journal and presentation at appropriate conferences. Since we will not be using specific patient data, ethical approval is unnecessary.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42024516930.
The aLiFE programme is developed for young older adults, where balance activities, strengthening activities, and specific recommendations for increasing physical activity, are embedded within everyday activities, so that the activities can be performed multiple times throughout the day. The programme is presented by an instructor by use of a paper based manual during a 6 month intervention period in participants homes.