anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
To evaluate the administration of HUMALOG via external insulin pumps, two open-label, crossover design studies were performed in patients with type 1 diabetes. One study involved 39 patients, ages 19 to 58 years, treated for 24 weeks with HUMALOG or regular human insulin. After 12 weeks of treatment, the mean HbA1c values decreased from 7.8% to 7.2% in the HUMALOG-treated patients and from 7.8% to 7.5% in the regular human insulin-treated patients. Another study involved 60 patients (mean age 39, range 15 to 58 years) treated for 24 weeks with either HUMALOG or buffered regular human insulin. After 12 weeks of treatment, the mean HbA1c values decreased from 7.7% to 7.4% in the HUMALOG-treated patients and remained unchanged from 7.7% in the buffered regular human insulin-treated patients. Rates of hypoglycemia were comparable between treatment groups in both studies.
BACKGROUND: Developing and implementing new patient-centric strategies for drug trials lowers the barrier to participation for some patients by reducing the need to travel to research sites. In early chronic kidney disease (CKD) trials, albuminuria is the key measure for determining treatment effect prior to pivotal kidney outcome trials.
METHODS: To facilitate albuminuria sample collection outside of a clinical research site, we developed 2 quantitative microsampling methods to determine the urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR). Readout was performed by LC-MS/MS.
RESULTS: For the Mitra device the within-batch precision (CV%) was 2.8% to 4.6% and the between-batch precision was 5.3% to 6.1%. Corresponding data for the Capitainer device were 4.0% to 8.6% and 6.7% to 9.0%, respectively. The storage stability at room temperature for 3 weeks was 98% to 103% for both devices. The recovery for the Mitra and Capitainer devices was 104% (SD 7.0%) and 95 (SD 7.4%), respectively. The inter-assay comparison of UACR assessment generated results that were indistinguishable regardless of microsampling technique. The accuracy based on LC-MS/MS vs analysis of neat urine using a clinical chemistry analyzer was assessed in a clinical setting, resulting in 102 ± 8.0% for the Mitra device and 95 ± 10.0% for the Capitainer device.
CONCLUSIONS: Both UACR microsampling measurements exhibit excellent accuracy and precision compared to a clinical chemistry analyzer using neat urine. We applied our patient-centric sampling strategy to subjects with heart failure in a clinical setting. Precise UACR measurements using quantitative microsampling at home would be beneficial in clinical drug development for kidney therapies.
Patients receive Telatinib orally (PO) twice daily (bid) on days 1-21 and Capecitabine PO on days 1-14, then stopped for 7 days, and Oxaliplatin by intravenous injection on day 1 of every cycle. Courses repeat every 21 days.
BACKGROUND: Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a genetic disease caused by misfolding and accumulation of mutant alpha-1 antitrypsin (ZAAT) in the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes. Hepatic ZAAT aggregates acquire a toxic gain-of-function that impacts the endoplasmic reticulum which is theorized to cause liver disease in individuals with AATD who present asymptomatic until late-stage cirrhosis. Currently, there is no treatment for AATD-mediated liver disease except liver transplantation. In our study of mitochondrial RNA, we identified that Sirtuin3 (SIRT3) plays a role in the hepatic phenotype of AATD.
METHODS: Utilizing RNA and protein analysis in an in vitro AATD model, we investigated the role of SIRT3 in the pathophysiology of AATD-mediated liver disease while also characterizing our novel, transgenic AATD mouse model.
RESULTS: We show lower expression of SIRT3 in ZAAT-expressing hepatocytes. In contrast, the overexpression of SIRT3 increases hepatic ZAAT degradation. ZAAT degradation mediated by SIRT3 appeared independent of proteasomal degradation and regular autophagy pathways. We observed that ZAAT-expressing hepatocytes have aberrant accumulation of lipid droplets, with ZAAT polymers localizing on the lipid droplet surface in a direct interaction with Perilipin2, which coats intracellular lipid droplets. SIRT3 overexpression also induced the degradation of lipid droplets in ZAAT-expressing hepatocytes. We observed that SIRT3 overexpression induces lipophagy by enhancing the interaction of Perilipin2 with HSC70. ZAAT polymers then degrade as a consequence of the mobilization of lipids through this process.
CONCLUSIONS: In this context, SIRT3 activation may eliminate the hepatic toxic gain-of-function associated with the polymerization of ZAAT, providing a rationale for a potential novel therapeutic approach to the treatment of AATD-mediated liver disease.
Control Arm/Synchronous telepsychiatry (STP): After baseline assessment, subjects will be assessed by a psychiatrist using live interactive videoconferencing every 6 months for a 1 year follow up (3 STP assessments: baseline plus 2 assessments). A report with treatment recommendations following American Psychiatric Association guidelines will be sent to the PCP who will be able to have adlib telephone or email consultations with the telepsychiatrist. The telepsychiatrist will have access to all previous clinical information about the patients.
Participants receive linaclotide 290 µg orally once daily for 12 weeks during the Treatment Period. At Week 12 participants are rerandomized to receive either linaclotide 290 µg or placebo for 4 weeks in the Randomized Withdrawal Period.
Participants in the control condition will participate in a 10-week app-based general health program, SafeSpace General Health. Lessons address general health topics including self-care, stress, sleep, nutrition, physical activity, substance use, driving and seatbelt use, and social media. Each lesson contains 2-3 key facts created by public health experts and reputable resources. Similar to SafeSpace Sexual Health, youth will receive SafeSpace General Health over 10 weeks, although SafeSpace General Health includes one lesson per week and does not contain youth stories or reflection prompts.
Liver is one of the vital organs in the human body and liver injury will have a very serious impact on human damage. Gypenoside XLIX is a PPAR-α activator that inhibits the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. The components of XLIX have pharmacological effects such as cardiovascular protection, antihypoxia, anti-tumor and anti-aging. In this study, we used cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) was used to induce in vivo mice hepatic injury, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells, evaluated whether Gypenoside XLIX could have a palliative effect on sepsis-induced acute liver injury via NF-κB/PPAR-α/NLRP3. In order to gain insight into these mechanisms, six groups were created in vivo: the Contol group, the Sham group, the CLP group, the CLP + XLIX group (40 mg/kg) and the Sham + XLIX (40 mg/kg) group, and the CLP + DEX (2 mg/kg) group. Three groups were created in vitro: Control, LPS, LPS + XLIX (40 μM). The analytical methods used included H&E staining, qPCR, reactive oxygen species (ROS), oil red O staining, and Western Blot. The results showed that XLIX attenuated hepatic inflammatory injury in mice with toxic liver disease through inhibition of the TLR4-mediated NF-κB pathway, attenuated lipid accumulation through activation of PPAR-α, and attenuated hepatic pyroptosis by inhibiting NLRP3 production. Regarding the imbalance between oxidative and antioxidant defenses due to septic liver injury, XLIX reduced liver oxidative stress-related biomarkers (ALT, AST), reduced ROS accumulation, decreased the amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) produced by lipid peroxidation, and increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT). Our results demonstrate that XLIX can indeed attenuate septic liver injury. This is extremely important for future studies on XLIX and sepsis, and provides a potential pathway for the treatment of acute liver injury.
Imbalances in gut microbiota reportedly contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases, but the association between the etiopathogenesis of alopecia areata (AA) and gut microbial dysbiosis remains unclear. This cross-sectional study was conducted to identify and compare the composition of the gut microbiome in patients affected by AA and those in a healthy control (HC) group, and to investigate possible bacterial biomarkers for the disease. Fecal samples were collected from 19 AA patients and 20 HCs to analyze the relationship with fecal bacteria. The three major genera constituting the gut microbiome of AA patients were Bacteroides, Blautia, and Faecalibacterium. The alpha diversity of the AA group was not statistically significant different from that of the HC group. However, bacterial community composition in the AA group was significantly different from that of HC group according to Jensen-Shannon dissimilarities. In patients with AA, we found an enriched presence of the genera Blautia and Eubacterium_g5 compared to the HC group (p < 0.05), whereas Bacteroides were less prevalent (p < 0.05). The gut microbiota of AA patients was distinct from those of the HC group. Our findings suggest a possible involvement of gut microbiota in in the as-yet-undefined pathogenesis of AA.
A preparation method for biliverdin or a derivative thereof. Biliverdin or the derivative thereof is prepared from a compound represented by formula 2. Formula II represents a single bond or a double bond. Formula II at the positions represented by A and B are independently selected from one of a single bond and a double bond, respectively. When formula II represents a single bond, R1 or R2 linked to the single bond is selected from one of p-toluenesulfonyl, p-toluenesulfinyl, phenylsulfonyl, and phenylsulfinyl, and when formula II represents a double bond, R1 or R2 linked to the double bond is hydrogen. The preparation method for biliverdin or the derivative thereof is simple in process, does not require a column chromatography method, is high in yield and low in cost, is suitable for industrial production, reduces the byproduct generated in synthesis of biliverdin dimethyl ester or biliverdin, and improves the product purity.
Metabolic disorders have been identified as an important factor causing nervous system diseases. However, due to the interference of confounding factors, the causal relationship between them has not been clearly elucidated, so it is necessary to study the causal relationship between them. To explore the causal relationship between blood metabolites and vertigo by Mendelian randomization. To assess causality, the inverse variance weighting method was employed as the primary analytical approach, complemented by additional sensitivity analyses. Metabolic pathway enrichment analysis and genetic correlation analysis were employed to further assess the metabolites. All statistical analyses were conducted using the R software. The study employed metabolite Genome Wide Association Study and vertigo diseases summary data sets to examine the causal relationship between 486 blood metabolites and 3 types of vertigo. A total of 55 potential metabolites associated with the 3 types of vertigo were identified, with 22, 16, and 13 candidate metabolites showing relatively reliable MR Evidence for Vestibular Dysfunction, Peripheral Vertigo, and Central Vertigo, respectively. Enrichment analysis was conducted to investigate the biological significance of these candidate metabolites, resulting in the identification of 7 key metabolic pathways across the 3 diseases, the metabolic pathway known as "Valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis" was found to be associated with all 3 types of vertigo, suggesting its potential influence on the vestibular system. Genetic correlation analysis revealed a genetic correlation between X-10510 and dodecanedioate with Vestibular Dysfunction. This study offers novel perspectives on the causal impact of blood metabolites on vertigo through the integration of genomics and metabolomics. Identifying metabolites that contribute to vertigo could serve as potential biomarkers and contribute to a better understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms associated with vertigo.
Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare cancer with an incidence of 1.5 to 2 per million people in the United States. Surgery is the only potentially curative option. Current systemic therapy, either Mitotane or chemotherapy, typically gives response rates of 20% or less. This study is designed to see if the newer targeted therapy, Iressa, may be of benefit for patients with this fatal disease.

Patients with nonresectable adrenocortical cancer who have progressed on at least one other form of systemic therapy (Mitotane or chemotherapy) will be given Iressa 250 mg by mouth daily until disease progression. This is a standard two-stage Phase II clinical trial. Eighteen patients with measurable disease will be enrolled in the first stage. If there is at least one responder, then an additional nine patients with measurable disease will be enrolled for a total of 27 patients with measurable disease. Up to six patients without measurable disease may be enrolled at any point in this study. Iressa will be provided free for all study participants.
The present invention relates to a preparation method of a captopril compounding chitin polysaccharide slow release micro ball. Derivatives of chitin polysaccharide and derivatives of collagen are used as auxiliary materials. The auxiliary materials are respectively dissolved, and a solution of the derivatives of chitin polysaccharide and a solution of the derivatives of collagen are obtained. The solution of the derivatives of chitin polysaccharide and the solution of the derivatives of collagen are mixed under the stirring condition. Captopril powder is added into a mixed solution, the mixed solution is stirred and dispersed evenly, and a mixed solution of packing materials and a medicament is obtained. The mixed solution is poured into a dispersed phase solvent which contains emulsifying agents, the solvent is stirred and emulsified, the pH value is regulated, the temperature is controlled, crosslinking agents are added to generate a curing reaction, and a captopril compounding chitin polysaccharide slow release micro ball is obtained. The preparation method of a captopril compounding chitin polysaccharide slow release micro ball has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, stable technology, low cost, wide applicability for raw materials, compact micro balls, stable performance, safety, no toxic or side effect, good biocompatibility, good biodegradability and good film forming performance. The captopril compounding chitin polysaccharide slow release micro ball probably becomes an ideal slow release system of a water-solubility medicament.
The invention discloses traditional Chinese medicine for treating anaphylactic rhinitis. The traditional Chinese medicine for treating anaphylactic rhinitis is composed of 15 to 18 grams of white paeony root, 20 to 25 grams of astragalus, 8 to 12 grams of white atractylodes rhizome, 8 to 12 grams of Chinese parsnip root, 8 to 12 grams of angelica, 8 to 12 grams of magnolia flower, 6 to 10 grams of acorus gramineus soland, 6 to 8 grams of cicada slough, 6 to 8 grams of liquorice and 3 to 5 grams of asarum. A preparation method for the traditional Chinese medicine for treating anaphylactic rhinitis includes that putting the raw materials of the traditional Chinese medicine in a medicine decocting appliance, adding 1200 to 1500 milliliters of drinking water, decocting for 20 to 30 minutes, cooling to tepidity, and removing slag. The traditional Chinese medicine is taken for 2 times per day, the dosage is 200 milliliters at each time, and raw or cold food and excitant food would be avoided in the medicine taking period. The traditional Chinese medicine has good curative effect for the general anaphylactic rhinitis. A treatment course comprises half a month, the cure rate is 85% in one treatment course, the anaphylactic rhinitis can be cured in two treatment courses, and the effective rate is 88%. The traditional Chinese medicine for treating anaphylactic rhinitis is easy to prepare, low in cost and especially suitable for the rural area.
Pregnenolone is a neuroactive steroid that exhibits actions highly relevant to treating depression in people with HIV. The investigators' recent human data suggest that neuroactive steroids are decreased in people with HIV and depression. In addition, multiple groups have reported reductions in neuroactive steroids in people without HIV who have depression. A total of 120 people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy with depression will be randomized to either pregnenolone or placebo (2 groups/90 participants receiving pregnenolone and 30 participants receiving placebo). Drug dosage will begin at 50 mg daily and incrementally increase to 500 mg daily within the first 4 weeks, with a stable 500 mg/day regimen for the final 4 weeks. Behavioral testing and blood draw will be performed at baseline, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks, while magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will be conducted at 2 weeks and 8 weeks.

The investigators hypothesize that pregnenolone will be well-tolerated in people with HIV and depression, and that this intervention may improve brain activity and reduce inflammation.
OBJECTIVES: Iron deficiency, anaemia, and menorrhagia - or heavy menstrual bleeding - are interrelated conditions that are highly prevalent and commonly underrecognised in exercising females of reproductive age. This study utilised a screening tool to identify risk factors and symptoms associated with heavy menstrual bleeding, iron deficiency, and anaemia in this population.
DESIGN: An observational, cross sectional survey study was employed.
METHODS: 1042 active females (aged 18-65) completed a comprehensive screening questionnaire and 887 (85 % compliance) provided a fingerprick blood sample for haemoglobin (Hb) concentration measurement. Women that presented as anaemic (defined as a [Hb] < 120 g/L) or deemed to be at risk of iron deficiency (120 < [Hb] < 130 g/L) were asked to complete follow-up blood tests to screen for iron studies.
RESULTS: Average [Hb] was 134.2 ± 12.1 g/L, with 94 individuals considered anaemic (10.6 %). Of the sample, 104 underwent follow-up blood tests; 51 (~49 %) presented with iron deficiency (defined as ferritin <30 μg/L). Based on survey responses, 274 (30.9 %) participants were determined to have heavy menstrual bleeding. Those presenting with heavy menstrual bleeding were younger, exercised fewer hours per week, and were more likely to have a history of iron deficiency or anaemia (all p < 0.05). Participants reporting a history of anaemia or iron deficiency were more likely to have heavy menstrual bleeding (anaemia: 39.7 %; iron deficiency; 36.9 %; both p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of exercising females of reproductive age, the prevalence of anaemia was 10.6 %. There is a strong association between heavy menstrual bleeding and a self-reported history of iron deficiency and anaemia. Greater awareness of heavy menstrual bleeding and its relationship with iron deficiency and anaemia is needed in this population. Non-invasive screening should be conducted to raise awareness and further understand the associated risk factors and symptomatology.
The invention discloses a refining method of Tween-80 for injection. The refining method adopts a segmented temperature control method and utilizes water as a mobile phase in a chromatography column to separate Tween-80. The refining method comprises mixing a certain mass of Tween-80 and water, heating the mixture to a certain temperature, adding a sample under a certain pressure, carrying out heat preservation on the sample in a column for some time, carrying out separation at a room temperature, collecting a mobile phase in a specific time period, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain purified Tween-80. Compared with the existing Tween-80 refining method, the refining method provided by the invention utilizes deionized water as a solvent, does not produce organic solvent residue, does not influence product quality after purification, has simple processes and is economic and environmentally friendly. Through study of technical conditions, impurities in sold Tween-80 can be effectively separated. The product obtained by the refining method can be used for injection.
Expired carbon monoxide is an objective biological marker of combustible tobacco smoking and is strongly correlated with the amount of smoke inhaled. In the intervention arm, warning messages will be displayed at various agreed-upon locations in the café, such as on hookah pipes, tables, countertops, walls, and menus. The goal is to maximize the potential for customers to be exposed to warnings. Participants will be patrons of the café and will be recruited before entering the café. Participants will complete a brief survey and provide a breath sample to measure expired carbon monoxide. When leaving the café, they will complete another survey and provide a second breath sample.
Methods of determining whether a target bacteria is susceptible to an antimicrobial compound are provided. In some embodiments the methods comprise providing a sample comprising the target bacteria; maintaining the sample in the presence of an antimicrobial compound to provide an antimicrobial compound-exposed target bacterial sample; exposing the antimicrobial compound-exposed target bacterial sample to a cell-wall disruption condition; and determining the level of lysis and/or the level of remaining intact cells present in the antimicrobial compound-exposed target bacterial sample whether the cell-wall disruption condition lyses target bacterial cells present in the antimicrobial compound-exposed target bacterial sample; wherein the method is performed such that the level of lysis and/or remaining intact cells is determined without determining lysis or non-lysis on a cell-by-cell basis. In some embodiments target bacteria are not immobilized during the exposure to cell-wall disruption conditions. In some embodiments the methods further comprise comparing the level of lysis and/or the level of remaining intact cells present in the antimicrobial compound-exposed target bacterial sample to a reference level to score the sample as sensitive or resistant to the at least one antimicrobial compound. In some embodiments the method does not comprise detecting the presence or absence of at least one target bacteria protein and/or at least one target bacteria nucleic acid. Methods of treating a bacterial infection in a subject are also provided. Kits and systems that may be used to, for example, practice the methods are also provided.
PURPOSE: A novel naphthalene derivative compound and pharmaceutical composition containing the same for enhancing immunity are provided to improve antigen processing in antigen presenting cells(APCs). CONSTITUTION: A naphthalene derivative compound is denoted by chemical formula I or II. A pharmaceutical composition for enhancing immunity contains pharmaceutically effective amount of naphthalene derivative compound of chemical formula I or II; and pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The naphthalene derivative compound enhanced antigen presenting level by major histocompatibility complex(MHC) in an antigen presenting cells(APCs). The MHC is class I MHC. A pharmaceutical composition is used for treating or preventing disease labeled by an antigen which is recognized as an allergen by immune response in a human body.