anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The investigators propose a two-arm cluster randomized controlled design, in which the unit of randomization is the OB clinician. 70 OB clinicians will be randomly assigned to either the intervention or control condition. Although the unit of randomization is the clinician, the unit of evaluation is the patient: range of 6-13 patients per clinician (1-3 Pre-intervention and 5-10 Post-intervention) who receive prenatal care from enrolled OB clinicians at Duke and UPitt. The investigators will collect 3 Pre-Intervention audio-recorded initial OB visit encounters to assess pre-intervention levels of clinician communication skills and also to tailor the clinician training program. After the Pre-Intervention Phase, the investigators will randomize OB clinicians to either the intervention or control arm (see details of cluster randomization below). All OB clinicians will attend a lecture about the consequences of smoking during pregnancy and the elements of the 5 A's. Only OB clinicians randomized to the intervention arm will receive an individually-tailored, user-friendly, web-based program that teaches the 5 A's. In the Post-Intervention Phase, the investigators will assess the effect of the communication program by audio recording initial OB visits for between 5-10 pregnant women who smoke for each OB clinician in both arms (n=542 total). The investigators will provide all patients the SMS text-delivered intervention. Additionally, the investigators will survey these patients before their visit, immediately after their visit, at the end-of-pregnancy, and 6-weeks postpartum. Due to anticipated study attrition, the investigators will recruit up 80 clinicians and 700 patients at both sites until the investigators reach a complete data set for our desired sample size. Biochemically validated smoking cessation at end-of-pregnancy is the primary outcome (Aim 1). To assess Aim 2, investigators will code for clinician use of the 5 A's in the audio-recorded encounters and analyze patient perceptions of the communication from post-encounter data and the post-study survey for clinicians. To assess Aim 3, investigators will collect smoking status at 6 weeks postpartum.
Healthy Caucasian participants will receive EA1080 Formulation A or matching placebo orally, once on Day 1 of SAD part of the study. In SAD, there will be a maximum of 7 dose levels (three-four planned cohorts and three optional cohorts).
The goals of treatment of locally advanced (T3-4 or N1-2) rectal cancer are to eliminate the primary tumor and any involved adjacent lymph nodes, minimize the risk of distant recurrence, and, when possible, preserve anal sphincter function. Standard treatment consists of surgery, concurrent chemotherapy and radiation (RT) and adjuvant chemotherapy. As the present time, the chemoradiation portion of the treatment is often administered before, as opposed to following, surgical resection. This approach has been associated with tumor down-staging, leading to higher rates of tumor resectability and an increase in the ability to perform sphincter-saving surgeries. (1). However, while advances in treatment of the primary tumor and regional nodes, specifically administration of preoperative chemoradiation and more aggressive surgical approaches, such as total mesorectal excision (TME), have been shown to improve locoregional disease control, toxicities and complications of these treatments may result in delay or omission of adjuvant chemotherapy, which could increase the risk of distant recurrence. In this pilot study, standard adjuvant chemotherapy (8 cycles of modified FOLFOX6) will be administered prior to chemoradiation and definitive surgery, eliminating the need for post-operative systemic therapy. The investigators will evaluate the ability of patients to tolerate this treatment and its impact on achievement of pathologic complete responses (pCRs), negative surgical margins and sphincter preservation.
PROSTVAC-V: 2 x 10\^8pfu; subcutaneous; Day 1. PROSTVAC-F: 1 x 10\^9pfu; subcutaneous; Days 15, and 36. Ipilimumab: 3 mg/kg; intravenously; Days 15 and 36.
Patients having a disease associated with high level of thioredoxin system activity or a requirement for nitric oxide, e.g. large cell lymphoma or restenosis, are treated with a thioredoxin reductase inhibitor, e.g. auranofin or arsenic trioxide, and a nitric oxide donating compound, e.g. isosorbide mononitrite or isosorbide dinitrite or nitroglycerin or S-nittrosothiol. Patients having a disease associated with nitric oxide synthase overexpression or increased activity, e.g. Parkinson's disease or septic shock or pancreatic cancer, are treated with Trx/Trx reductase upregulator, e.g. aptamer that binds to thioredoxin reductase inhibitor, and agent causing depletion of nitric oxide (or adduct thereof), e.g. L-NMMA or L-NAME or minocycline or ascorbate or N-acetylcysteine.
BACKGROUND: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a prevalent genetic disorder characterized by the formation of renal cysts leading to kidney failure. Despite known genetic underpinnings, the variability in disease progression suggests additional regulatory layers, including epigenetic modifications.
METHODS: We utilized various ADPKD models, including Pkd1 and Ezh2 conditional knockout (Pkd1delta/delta:Ezh2delta/delta) mice, to explore the role of Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) in cystogenesis. Pharmacological inhibition of EZH2 was performed using GSK126 or EPZ-6438 across multiple models.
RESULTS: EZH2 expression was significantly upregulated in Pkd1-/- cells, Pkd1delta/delta mice, and human ADPKD kidneys. EZH2 inhibition attenuates cyst development in MDCK cells and a mouse embryonic kidney cyst model. Both Ezh2 conditional knockout and GSK126 treatment suppressed renal cyst growth and protected renal function in Pkd1delta/delta mice. Mechanistically, cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway increased EZH2 expression. EZH2 mediated cystogenesis by enhancing methylation and activation of STAT3, promoting cell cycle through p21 suppression, and stimulating non-phosphorylated β-catenin in Wnt signaling pathway. Additionally, EZH2 enhanced ferroptosis by inhibiting SLC7A11 and GPX4 in ADPKD.
CONCLUSION: Our findings elucidate the pivotal role of EZH2 in promoting renal cyst growth through epigenetic mechanisms and suggest that EZH2 inhibition or ablation may serve as a novel therapeutic approach for managing ADPKD.
The use of radioisotope with or without blue dye has long become the gold standard for sentinel lymph node localization in the management of breast cancer. The latest evidence from a number of European trials has proven that a new tracer agent, superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIOs, Sienna+®), is non-inferior to the standard method of lymphatic mapping. Its application and feasibility has yet been tried in most Asian countries.

This is a prospective paired comparison trial involving both the new magnetic technique and the standard method. Patients with preoperative diagnosis of invasive carcinoma or ductal carcinoma in-situ of the breast undergoing SNOLL (Sentinel node and occult lesion localization) will be recruited from the Breast Centre of Kwong Wah Hospital. Informed consent will be obtained. All patients recruited will receive subcutaneous injection of 2 ml of Sienna+® diluted with saline to 5 ml at Breast Centre in the morning of operation, followed by five minutes of massage to the injection site. Before incision, on-table transcutaneous detection with the handheld magnetometer are carried out after at least 20 minutes from injection. Intraoperative counts of sentinel lymph nodes identified as well as the ex-vivo counts of excised nodes are also measured. All procedures are supplemented with localization by radioisotope. All lymph nodes excised will be sent for histopathological examination.
A health care finance system according to the invention features an expanded health care savings and asset account that may be funded in a variety of ways. An insurance carrier is paid a premium out of the account. When a patient sees a health care provider, the health care provider generates an electronic medical work-up. The work-up is analyzed by software, which determines an appropriate protocol and complexity level associated with the patient's condition. The protocol and complexity level are then transmitted to the insurance carrier, and the insurance carrier makes a global payment directly into the patient's health care asset account based on the determined protocol and complexity level. The patient accesses those funds directly, e.g., using an electronic debit card, to pay the health care provider.
PURPOSE:To provide a carcinostatic agent containing cancer cell-disturbing lymphocyte (killer T-cell) specific to cancer cell-originated saccharide chain- relating antigen (GRA) as an active component. CONSTITUTION:The cell membrane component is removed from the GRA of the cultured cancer cell, transplanted cancer cell, spontaneously occured cancer cell, chemically or virally induced cancer cell, cancer cell originated from the  operation tissue, etc. of man or animals, and the GRA is treated with lectin (e.g. peanut lectin, castor bean lectin, etc.) which bonds specifically to the terminal galactose. Lymphocytes are sensitized with said GRA to obtain killer T cells. The objective carcinostatic agent active specifically to cancer cells can be obtained by using said killer T-cell as an active component. The agent is preferably administered in the form of injection together with a carrier such as physiological saline water, etc. The concentration of the killer T-cell is preferably 10<5>-10<12>/ml, and the daily dose is 10<5>-10<12>/kg in 1-several doses.
During the first training session, we will measure heart rate variability (HRV) amplitude while the patient breathes for two minutes at a frequency ranging between 4.5-6.5 breaths/min, providing a "pacing stimulus" for this purpose. In subsequent sessions, the individual will be given personal heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV-BF), and instructed to increase the amplitude of heart rate oscillations, using a cardiotachometer tracing and frequency peaks as biofeedback stimuli, while avoiding hyperventilation symptoms, by breathing more shallowly, although slowly, at whatever frequency produces maximum-amplitude HRV.
Patients being treated with Fluticasone Propionate Nasal Spray, USP, should receive the following information and instructions. This information is intended to aid them in the safe and effective use of this medication. It is not a disclosure of all possible adverse or intended effects.

Patients should be warned to avoid exposure to chickenpox or measles and, if exposed, to consult their physician without delay.

Patients should use Fluticasone Propionate Nasal Spray, USP, at regular intervals for optimal effect. Some patients (12 years of age and older) with seasonal allergic rhinitis may find as-needed use of 200 mcg once daily effective for symptom control (see ). CLINICAL TRIALS

A decrease in nasal symptoms may occur as soon as 12 hours after starting therapy with Fluticasone Propionate Nasal Spray, USP. Results in several clinical trials indicate statistically significant improvement within the first day or two of treatment; however, the full benefit of Fluticasone Propionate Nasal Spray, USP, may not be achieved until treatment has been administered for several days. The patient should not increase the prescribed dosage but should contact the physician if symptoms do not improve or if the condition worsens.

For the proper use of Fluticasone Propionate Nasal Spray, USP, and to attain maximum improvement, the patient should read and follow carefully the patient’s instructions accompanying the product.
INTRODUCTION: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a monophasic immune neuropathic disorder characterized by acute paralysis. A significant portion of patients are left with residual deficits, which presents a considerable global healthcare challenge. The precise mechanisms underlying GBS pathogenesis are not fully elucidated. Recent studies have focused on postinfectious molecular mimicry and identified involvement of IgG autoantibodies and innate immune effectors in GBS. Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) and plasma exchange (PE) are two established evidence-based immunomodulatory treatments for GBS, but a significant proportion of GBS patients fails to respond adequately to either therapy. This emphasizes an urgent need for novel and more potent treatments.
AREAS COVERED: We discuss novel immunomodulatory therapies presently at different phases of preclinical and clinical investigation. Some drugs in development target pathophysiologic mechanisms such as IgG autoantibody catabolism and complement activation, which are relevant to GBS.
EXPERT OPINION: There is an unmet need for more effective immune therapies for GBS. New immunomodulatory therapies under development may provide more potent options for GBS patients who do not respond to IVIg or PE. Future directions may include incorporating neuroprotective interventions based on evolving understanding of mechanisms underlying nerve injury and axonal degeneration.
The invention discloses a tooth sac stem cell exosome, a preparation method and application thereof, and a composition and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicines. The tooth sac stem cell exosome is stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. The preparation method comprises the following steps: collecting any generation of tooth sac stem cells in the generation P2-P10, adding lipopolysaccharide for co-culture, and extracting by using an exosome extraction reagent to obtain the exosome. The invention discloses application of the exosome in preparing a medicament for treating periodontitis or/and a medicament for promoting osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells or/and a medicament for promoting regeneration of periodontal tissues. The invention relates to an injectable pharmaceutical composition, which comprises hyaluronic acid and the tooth sac stem cell exosome. The tooth sac stem cell exosome has the effect of treating periodontitis, and can promote osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells and regeneration of periodontal tissues.
Patients receive IL13Ralpha2 CAR T cells infusion over 5 minutes via Rickham catheter (ICV/ICT) every week and nivolumab IV over 30 minutes every other week. Treatment repeats weekly for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After cycle 4, patients may receive additional CAR T cells weekly and nivolumab IV every other week or monthly at the discretion of the principal investigator and oncologist.
BACKGROUND: Intensive care unit (ICU) mortality prediction helps to guide therapeutic decision making for critically ill patients. Several scoring systems based on statistical techniques have been developed for this purpose. In this study, we developed a machine-learning model to predict patient mortality in the very early stage of ICU admission.
METHODS: This study was performed with data from all patients admitted to the intensive care units of a tertiary medical center in Taiwan from 2009 to 2018. The patients' comorbidities, co-medications, vital signs, and laboratory data on the day of ICU admission were obtained from electronic medical records. We constructed random forest and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) models to predict ICU mortality, and compared their performance with that of traditional scoring systems.
RESULTS: Data from 12,377 patients was allocated to training (n = 9901) and testing (n = 2476) datasets. The median patient age was 70.0 years; 9210 (74.41%) patients were under mechanical ventilation in the ICU. The areas under receiver operating characteristic curves for the random forest and XGBoost models (0.876 and 0.880, respectively) were larger than those for the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (0.738), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (0.747), and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (0.743). The fraction of inspired oxygen on ICU admission was the most important predictive feature across all models.
CONCLUSION: The XGBoost model most accurately predicted ICU mortality and was superior to traditional scoring systems. Our results highlight the utility of machine learning for ICU mortality prediction in the Asian population.
The investigational product for this study is LX-039 tablets,which can be administered orally. 6\~8 ascending dose level until MTD and the specification included 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, 400 mg, 600 mg , 800 mg,1050 mg and 1400 mg. LX-039 tablets will be administered in a therapeutic cycle of 28 days once a day orally. The subjects will continue therapy with LX-039 if good safety and tolerability were assessed by investigators after one cycle treatment. The treatment will continue until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or study termination.
Gemcitabine combined with 5FU may enhance the activity of 5-FU in vivo. Gemcitabine is an inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, an enzyme needed for synthesis of deoxynucleotides, and 5-FU interferes with dTTP synthesis by inhibition of thymidylate synthase (TS). It is likely that concomitant administration of gemcitabine and 5FU results in increased cytotoxicity by reducing intracellular dTTP thru two different mechanisms, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair. Platinum compounds lead to cell death by forming DNA adducts and causing double strand breaks. By inhibiting DNA synthesis and repair, both gemcitabine and 5-FU potentiate the activity of cisplatin. These interactions underlie the clinical synergism that has been observed with platinum/5FU and platinum/gemcitabine combinations.
BELSOMRA is a central nervous system (CNS) depressant that can impair daytime wakefulness even when used as prescribed. Prescribers should monitor for somnolence and CNS depressant effects, but impairment can occur in the absence of symptoms, and may not be reliably detected by ordinary clinical exam (i.e., less than formal testing of daytime wakefulness and/or psychomotor performance). CNS depressant effects may persist in some patients for up to several days after discontinuing BELSOMRA.

BELSOMRA can impair driving skills and may increase the risk of falling asleep while driving. Discontinue or decrease the dose in patients who drive if daytime somnolence develops. In a study of healthy adults, driving ability was impaired in some individuals taking 20 mg BELSOMRA [see Clinical Studies (14.2)]. Although pharmacodynamic tolerance or adaptation to some adverse depressant effects of BELSOMRA may develop with daily use, patients using the 20 mg dose of BELSOMRA should be cautioned against next-day driving and other activities requiring full mental alertness. Patients taking lower doses of BELSOMRA should also be cautioned about the potential for driving impairment because there is individual variation in sensitivity to BELSOMRA.

Co-administration with other CNS depressants (e.g., benzodiazepines, opioids, tricyclic antidepressants, alcohol) increases the risk of CNS depression. Patients should be advised not to consume alcohol in combination with BELSOMRA because of additive effects [see Drug Interactions (7.1)]. Dosage adjustments of BELSOMRA and of concomitant CNS depressants may be necessary when administered together because of potentially additive effects. The use of BELSOMRA with other drugs to treat insomnia is not recommended [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].

The risk of next-day impairment, including impaired driving, is increased if BELSOMRA is taken with less than a full night of sleep remaining, if a higher than the recommended dose is taken, if co-administered with other CNS depressants, or if co-administered with other drugs that increase blood levels of BELSOMRA. Patients should be cautioned against driving and other activities requiring complete mental alertness if BELSOMRA is taken in these circumstances.

Because BELSOMRA can cause drowsiness, patients, particularly the elderly, are at higher risk of falls.
Participants will perform 45-60 min (graduated over time to 60) of continuous cycling at 65% of VO¬2peak on a Monark cycle ergometer. Workload will be based upon pre-trial VO¬2peak testing. MIT exercise will be performed 5d/wk for 6wks.
Participants received an initial loading dose of 4 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) trastuzumab intravenous (i.v.), followed by weekly doses of 2 mg/kg i.v. for up to 18 weeks.
In a steady-state study in which healthy elderly subjects (65 years to 81 years of age) were given 500 mg of clarithromycin every 12 hours, the maximum serum concentrations and area under the curves of clarithromycin and 14-OH clarithromycin were increased compared to those achieved in healthy young adults. These changes in pharmacokinetics parallel known age-related decreases in renal function. In clinical trials, elderly patients did not have an increased incidence of adverse reactions when compared to younger patients. Consider dosage adjustment in elderly patients with severe renal impairment. Elderly patients may be more susceptible to development of torsades de pointes arrhythmias than younger patients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] . 

Most reports of acute kidney injury with calcium channel blockers metabolized by CYP3A4 (e.g., verapamil, amlodipine, diltiazem, nifedipine) involved elderly patients 65 years of age or older [see Warnings and Precautions  (5.4)] . 

Especially in elderly patients, there have been reports of colchicine toxicity with concomitant use of clarithromycin and colchicine, some of which occurred in patients with renal insufficiency. Deaths have been reported in some patients [see Contraindications (4.4)and Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] .
BACKGROUND: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used due to their affordability and minimal severe side effects. However, their influence on the efficacy of cancer treatments, particularly androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs), remains unclear. This study investigates the impact of PPI usage on the treatment outcomes in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
METHODS: A total of 117 mCRPC patients were retrospectively analyzed and divided into two groups based on the concomitant use of PPI at the initiation of ARSI treatment: PPI+ (n = 38) and PPI- (n = 79). Patient characteristics, including age at ARSI treatment administered, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value at ARSI treatment administered, International Society of Urological Pathology grade group at prostate biopsy, metastatic site at ARSI treatment administered, prior docetaxel (DTX) treatment, and type of ARSI (abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide) were recorded. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and PSA response rates were compared between the two groups. Patients were further stratified by clinical background to compare PFS and OS between the two groups.
RESULTS: The PPI- group exhibited significantly extended PFS and a trend toward improved OS. For PSA response (reduction of 50% or more from baseline), the rates were 62.3% and 45.9% in the PPI- group and the PPI+ group, respectively. For deep PSA response (reductions of 90% or more from baseline), the rates were 36.4% and 24.3% in the PPI- group and the PPI+ group, respectively. The effects were consistent across subgroups divided by prior DTX treatment and type of ARSI administered.
CONCLUSIONS: The administration of PPIs appears to diminish the therapeutic efficacy of ARSIs in mCRPC patients. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore the biological mechanisms involved.