anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Clinical Practice: The following events have been identified during postmarketing use of topical Diclofenac Sodium Ophthalmic Solution, 0.1% in clinical practice. Because they are reported voluntarily from a population of unknown size, estimates of frequency cannot be made. The events, which have been chosen for inclusion due to either their seriousness, frequency of reporting, possible causal connection to topical Diclofenac Sodium Ophthalmic Solution, 0.1%, or a combination of these factors, include corneal erosion, corneal infiltrates, corneal perforation, corneal thinning, corneal ulceration, epithelial breakdown, and superficial punctate keratitis, (see PRECAUTIONS, General).

Ocular: Transient burning and stinging were reported in approximately 15% of patients across studies with the use of Diclofenac Sodium Ophthalmic. In cataract surgery studies, keratitis was reported in up to 28% of patients receiving Diclofenac Sodium Ophthalmic, although in many of these cases keratitis was initially noted prior to the initiation of treatment. Elevated intraocular pressure following cataract surgery was reported in approximately 15% of patients undergoing cataract surgery. Lacrimation complaints were reported in approximately 30% of case studies undergoing incisional refractive surgery.

The following adverse reactions were reported in approximately 5% or less of the patients: abnormal vision, acute elevated IOP, blurred vision, conjunctivitis, corneal deposits, corneal edema, corneal opacity, corneal lesions, discharge, eyelid swelling, injection, iritis, irritation, itching, lacrimation disorder and ocular allergy.

Systemic: The following adverse reactions were reported in 3% or less of the patients: abdominal pain, asthenia, chills, dizziness, facial edema, fever, headache, insomnia, nausea, pain, rhinitis, viral infection, and vomiting.
The present invention relates to traditional Chinese medicine for treating gout, and a method for preparing a granule thereof, which belongs to the technical field of medicinal preparations. The formula of the traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following ingredients by weight ratio: 1 to 3 parts of saffron, 10 to 30 parts of clematis root, 10 to 30 parts of plantain herb, 10 to 20 parts of scrophularis, 10 to 20 parts of Japanese ampelopsis root, 10 to 20 parts of bittersweet herb, 3 to 8 parts of prepared dried ginger, 3 to 8 parts of epimedium and 10 to 20 parts of wolfberry bark. The preparation method of the granule comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing all the Chinese herbal medicine and decocting the Chinese herbal medicine in water so as to obtain juice; then, filtering the medicine juice, adding dextrin powder to the medicine juice and heating and concentrating a mixture of the medicine juice and the dextrin powder so as to obtain colloidal juice; next, drying the colloidal juice into grains so as to obtain the granule. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation has the advantages of appropriate compatibility, coordinate yin and yang and the treatment of both the manifestation and the root cause of a disease. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation can effectively promote the excretion of uric acid in human bodies and can inhibit the generation of uric acid. Meanwhile, the traditional Chinese medicine preparation also has various beneficial auxiliary functions of blood sugar reduction, blood fat reduction and cholesterol reduction. The granule has the advantages of convenience for taking, good mouth feel and easy absorption by human bodies.
Spinal cord injury leads to long-lasting motor impairment and paralysis that currently is not "curable". Electrical spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is beginning to be used as a neuromodulation technique to re-enable movement of paralyzed areas, however the mechanisms of neurorecovery induced by electrical neuromodulation of the spinal cord remain poorly understood. The goal of this project is to generate evidence-based knowledge of changes in the short-term excitability of corticospinal and reticulospinal neural structures that may mediate immediate improvements in motor function enabled by SCS. The proposed study will: (1) determine which kinds of SCS-facilitated movements are mediated by the corticospinal tract. (2) determine which kinds of SCS-facilitated movements are mediated by the reticulospinal tract. Having a better understanding of the neural mechanisms that are enhanced by SCS can allow the development of therapies that directly target the excitability and plasticity states of these structures towards improved and accelerated recovery.
LIPOFEN capsules should be given with meals thereby optimizing the absorption of the medication.

Patients should be advised to swallow LIPOFEN capsules whole. Do not open, crush, dissolve or chew capsules.

Patients should be placed on an appropriate lipid-lowering diet before receiving LIPOFEN, and should continue this diet during treatment with LIPOFEN.

The initial treatment for dyslipidemia is dietary therapy specific for the type of lipoprotein abnormality. Excess body weight and excess alcoholic intake may be important factors in hypertriglyceridemia and should be addressed prior to any drug therapy. Physical exercise can be an important ancillary measure. Diseases contributory to hyperlipidemia, such as hypothyroidism or diabetes mellitus should be looked for and adequately treated. Estrogen therapy, thiazide diuretics and beta-blockers, are sometimes associated with massive rises in plasma triglycerides, especially in subjects with familial hypertriglyceridemia. In such cases, discontinuation of the specific etiologic agent may obviate the need for specific drug therapy of hypertriglyceridemia.

Periodic determination of serum lipids should be obtained during initial therapy in order to establish the lowest effective dose of LIPOFEN. Therapy should be withdrawn in patients who do not have an adequate response after two months of treatment with the maximum recommended dose of 150 mg per day.

Consideration should be given to reducing the dosage of LIPOFEN if lipid levels fall significantly below the targeted range.
All subjects will continue to receive their previously prescribed dose of aripiprazole (10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, or 30 mg) through the trial. Subjects will discontinue dosing of the conventional oral aripiprazole tablet and will begin taking MIND1 (aripiprazole embedded with an Ingestible Event Marker) tablet once-daily for 12 weeks.
PURPOSE:To obtain a tape preparation for transcutaneous administration having excellent dimensional and shape stabilities and applicability in use, by forming a tacky adhesive layer containing a nitrous acid-based coronary vasodilator on a substrate made of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer having a specific composition. CONSTITUTION:A tacky adhesive layer containing 5-30wt.% nitrous acid-based coronary vasodilator (e.g. amyl nitrite, nitroglycerol, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, etc.) as an active component is formed on a surface of a substrate made of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer containing 20-45mol.%, preferably 35-45mol.% vinyl alcohol unit. The tacky adhesive base is preferably a copolymer containing >=50mol.% (meth)acrylic acid ester having 2-14C ester group. The substrate retains drug-impermeability and exhibits moderate flexibility after application to the skin surface to follow the motion of the skin.
Subjects will receive the current standard of care treatment. Lenalidomide and dexamethasone for four 28-day cycles followed by steam cell collection and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplant. After 90 days, start the maintenance phase (lenalidomide days 1-21 every 28 days for two years or until your disease progresses).
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Artemisinin and its derivatives, the well-known anti-malarial drugs extracted from traditional Chinese medicine, Artemisia annua, have been implicated in treating fibrotic diseases. However, whether artemisinin affects cardiac fibrosis in the pathogenesis of heart failure is still unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of artemisinin on cardiac function and myocardial fibrosis in the heart failure model and to explore the underlying mechanisms.
METHODS: Isoproterenol was injected subcutaneously for induction of the cardiac fibrosis model. Proteomic analysis was performed after 4 four weeks of artemisinin treatment. Echocardiography was used to evaluate cardiac function and structure. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, as well as Masson trichrome staining, were performed for histopathology. The α-SMA, collagen I, and III expression in the myocardium was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The ratio of heart weight to body weight (HW/BW, mg/kg) and the ratio of heart weight to tibia length (HW/TL, mg/mm) were calculated as indicators for cardiac remodeling. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels were quantified in rat plasma using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In contrast, the protein levels of TGF-β1, p-Smad2/3, and Smad2/3 were assessed in the myocardium and fibroblasts via western blot analysis. RT-qPCR was performed to analysis the expression of Col-I, Col-III, α-SMA, NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18.
RESULTS: Proteomic analysis identified 227 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), including 119 upregulated and 108 downregulated proteins. These proteins were identified as the core proteins targeted by artemisinin for improving myocardial remodeling. GO annotation of the DEPs indicated that the DEPs were mainly associated with biological processes such as inflammation regulation. In the in vivo study of an isoproterenol-induced rat cardiac remodeling model, we found that artemisinin administration significantly ameliorated cardiac dysfunction and reduced collagen production by suppressing TGFβ-1/Smads signaling and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. As manifested by downregulating the expression of α-SMA, Col-I, and Col-III, NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, Caspase-1 mRNA, and TGF-β1, p-SMAD 2/3 protein in the myocardium. Similar beneficial effects of artemisinin were consistently observed in TGF-β1 treated primary cardiac fibroblasts.
CONCLUSIONS: Extracts from Artemisia annua relieves myocardial remodeling through TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome
Methods and skin care systems for reducing sun-induced skin effects on skin are disclosed. A target portion of skin having sebum thereon is identified. A first skin care composition, a second skin care composition, and a sunscreen composition are provided. The first skin care composition has from 0.1% to 10% sebum absorbing particles by weight of the first skin care composition, and an average viscosity of at least 60000 centipoise at 25 degrees celsius. The first skin care composition has an average viscosity of less than or equal to 16000 centipoise at 25 degrees celsius, and an antioxidant. The sunscreen composition has from 7% to 90% of one or more Ultraviolet (UV) blocking actives, by weight of the sunscreen composition. The first skin care composition, the second skin care composition, and the sunscreen composition are sequentially applied to a target portion of the skin for a treatment period sufficient to reduce the sun-induced skin effects on the skin.
PURPOSE: The quantitative objective of the current systematic review was to identify the potential role of urinary microbiota in bladder cancer (BC) carcinogenesis, invasiveness, progression, and metastasis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The proposed systematic review was conducted in accordance with critical review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement, and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for systematic reviews. The search strategy aimed to find both published and unpublished studies up to the January 2024. A JBI appraisal checklist was used to assess possible biases.
RESULTS: This systematic review was centered on 27 studies comprising 926 BC patients. Overall, 412 control individuals were compared with BC patients. The most common sampling method was midstream urine collection. Regarding microbial alpha diversity, there was no statistically significant difference between cancerous and healthy samples (n = 8), recurrent and not recurrent (n = 1), responders versus non-responders(n = 1), tumor grades (n = 1), and collection methods (n = 1). However, five studies reported higher diversity in controls, and five other studies reported, conversely, high levels of alpha diversity in BC patients or recurrent cases. Furthermore, a responder (RE) to treatment and a non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) groups demonstrated significant difference with non-responder (NR) and muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), respectively. In terms of beta-diversity, nine studies reported significant diversity between BC patients and controls, one article demonstrated difference between recurrent and not recurrent patients, a study reported significant difference in RE and NR groups whereas another showed opposite, and others (n = 4) did not find any difference between BC, controls, MIBC and NMIBC patients, or between tumor grades. One study reported a difference between the collection method and beta-diversity in males and another reported the difference in females.
CONCLUSION: The included studies demonstrate that the composition of urinary microbiota is altered in patients with BC. However, the differentially enriched genera in the urine of these patients vary between studies, and there is too much heterogeneity across studies to make any reliable and valid conclusions. Furthermore, well-designed research is necessary to assess the role of microbiota in the carcinogenesis and progression of BC.
BACKGROUND: diabetic complications and olfactory dysfunction (OD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) seem related. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of OD in T2DM patients and to analyze its relationship with diabetic complications.
METHODS: 130 T2DM patients and 100 comparable controls were enrolled. Olfaction was evaluated using the Extended Smell Test (TDI) and the Italian brief Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders â€" Brief-IT-QOD. T2DM patients were divided into: "Group 1" patients with no complications, and "Group 2" patients with at least one diabetic complication. Non-parametric tests were used. Machine learning algorithms were applied to explore which variables were most important in predicting the presence of OD in T2DM.
RESULTS: The prevalence of OD was significantly higher in Group 2 than in controls (71.4% vs 30%) and in Group 1 (71.4% vs 43.3%). However, when comparing the TDI scores between Group 1 and 2 the only significant difference was found for the discrimination scale and not for the identification and threshold scales. Brief-IT-QOD scores were significantly higher in Group 2 than in controls. The Random Forest and variable importance algorithms highlighted the relevance of LDL, glycated hemoglobin, type of complication (macrovascular) and age in determining OD in T2DM. The last three variables were included in a nomogram for the prediction of OD risk in T2DM.
CONCLUSIONS: T2DM patients with diabetic complications are more frequently affected by OD. Poor glycemic control, LDL values, age and presence of macrovascular complications are the more important factors in determining OD in T2DM patients.
### Initial Dose

1 mg at bedtime is the starting dose for all patients, and this dose should not be exceeded as an initial dose. Patients should be closely followed during initial administration in order to minimize the risk of severe hypotensive response.

### Subsequent Doses

The dose should be increased in a stepwise fashion to 2 mg, 5 mg, or 10 mg once daily to achieve the desired improvement of symptoms and/or flow rates. Doses of 10 mg once daily are generally required for the clinical response. Therefore, treatment with 10 mg for a minimum of 4 to 6 weeks may be required to assess whether a beneficial response has been achieved. Some patients may not achieve a clinical response despite appropriate titration. Although some additional patients responded at a 20 mg daily dose, there was an insufficient number of patients studied to draw definitive conclusions about this dose. There are insufficient data to support the use of higher doses for those patients who show inadequate or no response to 20 mg daily. If terazosin administration is discontinued for several days or longer, therapy should be reinstituted using the initial dosing regimen.

### Use With Other Drugs

Caution should be observed when terazosin capsules are administered concomitantly with other antihypertensive agents, especially the calcium channel blocker verapamil, to avoid the possibility of developing significant hypotension. When using terazosin capsules and other antihypertensive agents concomitantly, dosage reduction and retitration of either agent may be necessary (see PRECAUTIONS). Hypotension has been reported when terazosin capsules have been used with phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors.
Each participant will receive a single subretinal injection of EXG102-031 in the study eye. Participants will be enrolled into one of four dosage groups sequentially, and the dose administered will be determined based on which study group the participant is enrolled into.
BACKGROUND: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a life -threatening cerebrovascular disease, where early brain injury (EBI) stands as a primary contributor to mortality and unfavorable patient outcomes. Neuronal ferroptosis emerges as a key pathological mechanism underlying EBI in SAH. Targeting ferroptosis for therapeutic intervention in SAH holds significant promise as a treatment strategy.
METHODS: SAH model was induced via intravascular puncture and quantitatively assessed the presence of neuronal ferroptosis in the early phase of SAH using FJC staining, Prussian blue staining, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) measurements. Hyaluronic acid-coated ursolic acid nanoparticles (HA-PEG-UA NPs) were prepared using the solvent evaporation method. We investigated the in vivo distribution of HA-PEG-UA NPs in SAH model through IVIS and fluorescence observation, and examined their impact on short-term neurological function and cortical neurological injury. Finally, we assessed the effect of UA on the Nrf-2/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis via Western Blot analysis.
RESULTS: We successfully developed self-assembled UA NPs with hyaluronic acid to target the increased CD44 expression in the SAH-afflicted brain. The resulting HA-PEG-UA NPs facilitated delivery and enrichment of UA within the SAH-affected region. The targeted delivery of UA to the SAH region can effectively inhibit neuronal ferroptosis, improve neurological deficits, and prognosis in mice. Its mechanism of action is associated with the activation of the Nrf-2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: Brain-targeted HA-PEG-UA NPs was successfully developed and hold the potential to enhance SAH prognosis by limiting neuronal ferroptosis via modulation of the Nrf-2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signal.
PURPOSE:An agent for alleviating amnesia containing N-benxyl-oxycarbonyl-glycyl-L-prolyl-methane derivative as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:A safe agent for alleviating amnesia having low toxicity, containing N-benzyloxycarbonyl-glycyl-L-prolyl-chloromethane shown by the formula I or N-benzyloxycarboxyl-glycyl-L-prolyl-diazomethane shown by the formula II as an active ingredient. Administration can be carried out by various injections such as intravenous injection, hypodermic injection, intramuscular injection, etc. or orally. A dose is 1-900mg/day, especially preferably 5-500mg/ day in case of oral administration, 0.5-500mg/day, especially preferably 1- 200mg/day in case of intravenous injection. >=0.1wt%, preferably 1-50wt% active ingredient compound is contained in the agent for alleviating amnesia.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a gel-form or liquid-form cleansing composition excellent in detergency and sense of use by formulating a hydrophilic nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a water-soluble compound bearing a hydroxyl group, liquid oil and water in a specific proportion. SOLUTION: This cleansing composition contains (A) 1-30wt.% of hydrophilic nonionic surfactant, (B) 0.01-10wt.% of anionic surfactant, (C) 10-70wt.% of water-soluble compound bearing a hydroxyl group (D) 1-60wt.% of liquid oil and (E) 4-50wt.% of water. The component A is an ethylene oxide adduct to an alcohol given by the Guerbet reaction of formula I (m is 6-10; n is 10-40). The component B is preferably a monoalkyl phosphate salt of formula II (R is β-branched alkyl; X is an alkali metal). The component C is preferably glycerol or sorbitol. As the component C, are cited, for example, fluid paraffin, methylpolysiloxane and the like. This composition has high compatibility to skin or make-up cosmetics and promptly separate up skin stains.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is commonly used to manufacture consumer and medical-grade plastics. Due to health concerns, BPA substitutes are being incorporated-including bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF)-without a comprehensive understanding of their toxicological profile. Previous studies suggest that bisphenol chemicals perturb cardiac electrophysiology in a manner that is similar to 17β-estradiol (E2). We aimed to compare the effects of E2 with BPA, BPF, and BPS using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM). Cardiac parameters were evaluated using microelectrode array (MEA) technology and live-cell fluorescent imaging. Cardiac metrics remained relatively stable after exposure to nanomolar concentrations (1-1000 nM) of E2, BPA, BPF, or BPS. At higher micromolar concentrations, chemical exposures decreased the depolarization spike amplitude, and shortened the field potential, action potential duration, and calcium transient duration (E2 ≥ BPA ≥ BPF ≫ BPS). Cardiomyocyte physiology was largely undisturbed by BPS. BPA-induced effects were exaggerated when coadministered with an L-type calcium channel (LTCC) antagonist or E2, and reduced when coadministered with an LTCC agonist or an estrogen receptor alpha antagonist. E2-induced effects were not exaggerated by coadministration with an LTCC antagonist. Although the observed cardiac effects of E2 and BPA were similar, a few distinct differences suggest that these chemicals may act (in part) through different mechanisms. hiPSC-CM are a useful model for screening cardiotoxic chemicals, nevertheless, the described findings should be validated using a more complex ex vivo and/or in vivo model.
PURPOSE: A pharmaceutical composition comprising the extract of Drynaria fortunei J. Sm. is provided, for promoting the generation of hard tissues such as bones and teeth. CONSTITUTION: The pharmaceutical composition comprises the extract of Drynaria fortunei J.Sm. The extract of Drynaria fortunei J. Sm. is prepared by repeating the procedure consisting of heating the 50-100% methanolic aqueous solution containing Drynaria fortunei J. Sm. at a temperature of 50-120°C for 5-24 hours, cooling the solution to 40-60°C, and filtering the solution; and concentrating the solution. The extract of Drynaria fortunei J. Sm. is also prepared by repeating the procedure consisting of leaving the 50-100% methanolic aqueous solution containing Drynaria fortunei J. Sm. at room temperature or at 4°C for 5-7 days, filtering the solution; and concentrating the solution. The extraction liquid is dried to obtain a powder. The composition comprises the extract of Drynaria fortunei J. Sm. in the forms of a liquid or a powder. The composition promotes the proliferation of osteoblast and periodontal ligament cell and increases the activity of alkali phosphatase, thereby promotes the regeneration and proliferation of hard tissues, therefore can be used for treating or preventing osteoporosis or periodontitis. The composition can be used in the form of a toothpaste or a gargle. Also the composition can be used as an additive of the feed for a hatcher to strengthen the shell of an egg.