anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: The improvement in visual acuity (VA) was determined during optical treatment in children with amblyopia before their participation in a randomised clinical trial comparing the effect of dichoptic video gaming using virtual reality goggles with occlusion therapy.
METHODS: Children aged 4-12 years with an interocular VA difference ≥0.20 logMAR and an amblyogenic factor: strabismus <30Δ, ≥1.00 D anisometropia, astigmatism ≥1.50 D and/or hypermetropia ≥1.50 D were eligible for 16 weeks of optical treatment. Children with previous amblyopia treatment were excluded. Compliance with spectacle wear was measured electronically over 1 week using the occlusion dose monitor (ODM). The reliability of these measurements was verified. The main outcome was an increase in amblyopic eye VA from baseline to 16 weeks.
RESULTS: Sixty-five children entered the optical treatment period. Mean age was 6.0 ± 2.2 years (range: 4-12 years; IQR 4.5-6.7 years). Amblyopia was caused by anisometropia in 53 (82%) children, strabismus in 6 (9%) and combined mechanism in 6 (9%). After optical treatment, mean VA improved by 0.20 logMAR (SD 0.28; p < 0.001) and 0.07 in the amblyopic and fellow eye, respectively (SD 0.20; p = 0.03). This resulted in 24 children (37%) with an interocular VA difference <0.20 logMAR and in 17% of children with VA at the start of 0.30 logMAR or worse. Poor VA in the amblyopic eye at baseline (p = 0.001) and high anisometropia (p = 0.001) were associated with VA improvement. On average, spectacles were worn 9.7 ± 2.4 h/day (range: 2.3-13.6 h); mean compliance was 73% ± 18% of estimated wake time. Only ambient temperature ≥ 31°C or when spectacles were worn on top of the head prevented a reliable ODM measurement.
CONCLUSIONS: VA improved by two lines resulting in more than a third of the children being treated sufficiently with spectacles alone and no longer being classified as amblyopic. The ODM proved to be a reliable method of measuring compliance with spectacle wear.
Alterations in the cerebellum's morphology in Parkinson's disease (PD) point to its pathophysiological involvement in this movement disorder. Such abnormalities have previously been attributed to different PD motor subtypes. The aim of the study was to relate volumes of specific cerebellar lobules to motor symptom severity, in particular tremor (TR), bradykinesia/rigidity (BR), and postural instability and gait disorders (PIGD) in PD. We performed a volumetric analysis based on T1-weighted MRI images of 55 participants with PD (22 females, median age 65 years, Hoehn and Yahr stage 2). Multiple regression models were fitted to investigate associations between volumes of cerebellar lobules with clinical symptom severity based on MDS-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) part III score and sub-scores for TR, BR, and PIGD; adjusted for age, sex, disease duration, and intercranial volume as cofactors. Smaller volume of lobule VIIb was associated with higher tremor severity (P = 0.004). No structure-function relationships were detected for other lobules or other motor symptoms. This distinct structural association denotes the involvement of the cerebellum in PD tremor. Characterizing morphological features of the cerebellum leads to a better understanding of its role in the spectrum of motor symptoms in PD and contributes further to identifying potential biological markers.
Due to high inactivity rates in persons with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS) physical activity promotion for this target group is needed. The internet is an attractive and feasible medium for physical activity promotion, however interventions have to be adapted to the special needs of pwMS. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a 12-week internet-based exercise and physical activity counseling intervention.

26 pwMS will be enrolled in the study. All of them receive the intervention. Focus groups and interviews will be conducted with participating pwMS to determine acceptability of the intervention and to explore participants experiences. Compliance with the intervention will be monitored. Additionally, changes in objective physical activity, subjective physical activity, fatigue, walking ability and level of depression will be calculated.
Adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes use only basic features (Level 1) to test their blood. The CONTOUR meter has the basic features such as small meter size, easy to use , No Coding™ technology, 5-second test time, small sample size (0.6 µL), automatic control solution marking, 480 reading memory capacity.
Open extremity fractures are high-risk injuries prone to significant complications, including soft tissue loss, bone defects, infection, infected nonunion, and the necessity for limb amputation. Large-scale multicenter prospective studies from the Lower Extremity Assessment Project and the Major Extremity Trauma Research Consortium have provided novel scientific insights pertinent to the timeliness and appropriateness of specific treatment modalities aimed at improving outcomes of patients with open extremity injuries. These include the imperative for early administration of intravenous antibiotics within 3 hours of injury, preferably within 1 hour of hospital admission. Unlike the proven value of early antibiotics, the time to initial surgical debridement does not appear to affect infection rates and patient outcomes. Recent evidence-based consensus guidelines from the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons provide scientific guidance for preventing surgical site infections in patients with open extremity fractures and support the decision making of limb salvage versus amputation in critical open extremity injuries. Patient survival represents the overarching priority in the management of any trauma patient with associated orthopedic injuries. Therefore, the timing and modality of managing open fractures must take into account the patient's physiology, response to resuscitation, and overall injury burden. The present review was designed to provide a state-of-the-art overview on the recommended diagnostic workup and management strategies for patients with open extremity fractures, based on the current scientific evidence.
The invention discloses a preparation technology and medical applications of a compound specific transfer factor. By adopting nanotechnology and chemical technology method, pathogenic virus, bacteria, parasites, and various tumors are prepared into split vaccines or subunit vaccines, which can prevent infectious diseases of human and livestock, according to the requirements on biological products. Then the vaccines are prepared into specific immunity antigens for animals by taking the fat emulsion as the auxiliary materials. Various animals are injected with the immunity antigens, the antibody levels, which are generated by the corresponding antigens, of the immunity animals are measured during the period. After the antibody levels meet the requirements, the animals qualified are immunized. The preparation technology comprises following steps: grinding the immunized organ tissues with a meat grinder, adding normal saline, filtering with a filtration pump, then processing the materials with a nano technology, and finally subjecting the materials to an ultra-filtration treatment so as to obtain the compound specific transfer factor. The specific transfer factor has the advantages of stable activity, high yield and large scale, the anti-septic disease spectrum is wide, the technology method is advanced, and the product quality is stable. The resources are fully utilized, and the production cost is largely reduced. Different user needs can be fully satisfied; the production period of the product is short, thus the work efficiency is largely improved; the drug group can be prepared into various dosage forms, and the product is user-friendly.
Participant will be required to participate in the same ESM data collection procedure as the ESM-F group. The personalised feedback report will be given to the participant after the whole study period (32 weeks) instead of weekly during data collection process.
Personalized tACS will be applied with 2.0 mA (peak-to-peak) intensity for 30 minutes with a 30 second ramp up and ramp down. Treatment will be personalized based on a delirium neural mass model. After fitting the model to the individual EEG, a virtual tACS trial allows for optimization of treatment parameters for each individual patient. Treatment optimization will take place through changing stimulation location and/or frequency. After determining the optimal individual treatment strategy, settings of the personalized stimulation will remain constant during the treatment phase.
Background and Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) was previously investigated in lung cancer with wide inter-geographic discrepancies. p16INK4a has been used as a surrogate for detecting high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) in some cancer types. This study assessed the evidence of HPV in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) among Jordanian patients, investigated the expression of p16INK4a, and evaluated its prognostic value and association with HPV status. Materials and Methods: The archived samples of 100 patients were used. HPV DNA detection was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). p16INK4a expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The Eighth American Joint Committee on Cancer protocol (AJCC) of head and neck cancer criteria were applied to evaluate p16INK4a positivity considering a moderate/strong nuclear/cytoplasmic expression intensity with a distribution in ≥75% of cells as positive. Results: HPV DNA was detected in 5% of NSCLC cases. Three positive cases showed HR-HPV subtypes (16, 18, 52), and two cases showed the probable HR-HPV 26 subtype. p16INK4a expression was positive in 20 (20%) NSCLC cases. None of the HPV-positive tumors were positive for p16INK4a expression. A statistically significant association was identified between p16INK4a expression and the pathological stage (p = 0.029) but not with other variables. No survival impact of p16INK4a expression was detected in NSCLC cases as a group; however, it showed a statistically significant association with overall survival (OS) in squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) cases (p = 0.033). Conclusions: This is the first study to assess HPV and p16INK4a expression in a Jordanian population. HPV positivity is rare in NSCLC among a Jordanian subpopulation. P16 INK4a reliability as a surrogate marker for HPV infection in lung cancer must be revisited.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To explore the mechanism and therapeutic effect of sympathetic nerve regulation on neuropathic pain.
RECENT FINDINGS: A comprehensive search was conducted in the PubMed and CNKI libraries, using the following keywords: stele ganglion block, neuropathic pain, sympathetic nerve block, sympathetic chemical destruction, and sympathetic radiofrequency thermocoagulation. We selected and critically reviewed research articles published in English that were related to sympathetic modulation in the treatment of neuropathic pain. The collected literature will be classified according to content and reviewed in combination with experimental results and clinical cases. Neuropathic pain was effectively treated with sympathetic regulation technology. Its mechanism includes the inhibition of sympathetic nerve activity, regulation of the inflammatory response, and inhibition of pain transmission, which greatly alleviates neuropathic pain in patients. Stellate ganglion blocks, thoracic and lumbar sympathectomies, chemical destruction, and radiofrequency thermocoagulation have been widely used to treat neuropathic pain. Sympathetic regulation can effectively relieve pain symptoms and improve the patient's quality of life by inhibiting sympathetic nerve activity, reducing the production and release of pain-related mediators, and inhibiting pain transmission. CT-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the thoracic and lumbar sympathetic nerves is effective and durable, with few complications, and is recommended as a treatment for intractable neuropathic pain.
Participant received an initial loading dose of 4 mg/kg trastuzumab i.v. on Day 1, followed by 2mg/kg i.v. weekly, or an initial loading dose of 8 mg/kg i.v. loading dose, followed by 6 mg/kg i.v. every 3 weeks, until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal or death; and concomitant taxane, which is either 100 milligrams per square meter (mg/m2) docetaxel i.v. every 3 weeks, or 75 mg/m2 weekly or 175 mg/m2 every 3 weeks paclitaxel for at least 18 weeks, or more at the discretion of the investigator.
BACKGROUND: Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) has a long-term impact on hepatic consequences. A comprehensive evaluation of the global burden of HCV-related health outcomes can help to develop a global HCV prevention and treatment program.
METHODS: We used the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study to comprehensively investigate burden and temporal trends in incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of HCV-related diseases, including liver cancer and cirrhosis and other liver diseases across 264 countries and territories from 2010 to 2019.
RESULTS: Globally, there were 152 225 incident cases, 141 811 deaths and approximately 2.9 million DALYs because of HCV-related liver cancer, and 551 668 incident cases, 395 022 deaths and about 12.2 million DALYs because of HCV-related cirrhosis in 2019. Worldwide, during the 2010-2019 period, liver cancer incidence declined, however, there was a 62% increase in cirrhosis incidence. In 2019, the Eastern Mediterranean was the region with the highest rates of incidence and mortality of both liver cancer and cirrhosis. Africa was the region with the fastest-growing trend of incidence of cirrhosis in the 2010-2019 period [annual percentage change (APC) = 2.09, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.93-2.25], followed by the Western Pacific region (APC = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.09-1.22). Americas were the only region observing increased trends in liver cancer and cirrhosis mortality (APC = 0.70 and 0.12, respectively). We identified three patterns of temporal trends of mortality rates of liver cancer and cirrhosis in countries that reported HCV treatment rates.
CONCLUSION: Urgent measures are required for diagnosis, treatment and research on HCV-related cirrhosis at global, regional and country levels, particularly in Africa, the Western Pacific and the Eastern Mediterranean.
The different glycemic responses after the consumption of carbohydrate-based products are associated with different rates of digestion and absorption of the carbohydrates in the human body. Therefore, food products rich in carbohydrates can be classified based on their ability to be digested, absorbed and to affect post-prandial glycemia. Epidemiological studies suggest that following a diet including carbohydrate-based foods inducing a low and slow glycemic response is associated with reduced risk to develop some non-communicable diseases (such as type 2 diabetes (Livesey et al, 2013; Dong et al, 2011) and cardiovascular disease (Ludwig, 2002; Blaak et al, 2012)), to control inflammatory status (Ma et al, 2012; Sieri et al, 2010), which is the trigger of several pathologies, and to reduce fasting insulin (Schwingshackl \& Hoffmann, 2013). Depending on the food composition, a low glycemic response is not always associated with a low plasma insulin concentration. For instance, high protein or lipid concentrations in the food matrix have been demonstrated to induce low post-prandial glycemic responses, but not a reduction in insulin secretion (Gannon et al, 1988; Gannon et al, 1993; Collier et al. 1988). Avoiding a high insulin post-prandial response after consumption of foods represents a preventive factor against the risk of overweight and hyperlipidemia (Ostlund et al, 1990), type 2 diabetes (Weyer et al, 2001), and cancer (Onitilo et al, 2014). Therefore, the evaluation of both glycemic and insulinemic post-prandial response curves is necessary in order to demonstrate the true beneficial effect of the consumption of low glycemic index foods. Among several factors which can influence the post-prandial glycemic and insulinemic responses (such as macronutrient composition and the cooking process), the technological aspects through which the foods are produced represent an important one. Several studies reported a low glycemic response after the consumption of pasta compared with bread (Jenkins et al, 1988; Jenkins et al, 1981; Wolever et al, 1986), and this is due to the technological structures characterizing the two matrices (Petitot et al, 2009). Pasta is one of the major sources of carbohydrates consumed in Italy. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of pasta and other durum wheat based products on the plasma response of glucose, insulin, and other hormones related to the glucose metabolism (c-peptide, GLP-1 and GIP) in order to clearly discriminate the different biological effect induced by the technological process in the production of pasta, compared to foods beginning with the same ingredients. Moreover, the study aims to create a solid basis for future studies for evaluating the effect of pasta consumption, as the main source of carbohydrates, in a context of a balanced diet, for maintaining health.
Patient-caregiver dyads will be trained in the lingual strengthening protocol and patients will undergo this intervention for 8 weeks. Isometric tongue strengthening will be facilitated by the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) device.
The project consists of four experimental studies. In the first experiment, younger and older healthy human subjects are involved in a short-term neuromuscular training on the accuracy and precision of knee movement to investigate the possible age effect of the motor learning. The second experiment focuses on the experimental pain on the learning effect of the younger subjects. The third experiment will investigate a group of knee osteoarthritis patients to show the influence of chronic pain on the motor training compared with age-, gender-matched pain free subjects. 3D camera tracking system will be used to record the knee movements at the baseline and after 6-day motor task training. The variability in amplitude of the values of knee movements was transformed to percentage in relation to the target position (accuracy) or to the mean position (precision). The results of the study will contribute to both basic and clinical understanding of the mechanisms related to knee movement control and influences of varies painful conditions.
The Financial Literacy Program (FLP) attention control condition will not receive any information on fatherhood. They will participate in a nine-session financial education program, called "Money Smart," which has modules that will be facilitated by a group leader that focus on banking, borrowing, checking accounts, money management, saving, establishing and repairing a credit history, using credit cards responsibly and learning about borrowing and home ownership. They will also receive a booster session 6 weeks after the final session that focuses on setting financial goals.
Patients with a new presentation of Wegener's granulomatosis. 1st half of these patients will be assigned to the development cohort and the second half to the validation cohort. Diagnostic criteria.
In the practice of a gastroenterologist, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most frequent functional disorder. Its prevalence in the population is 9.8%-12.8%. Its frequency in women is more than men. In some studies, it has been shown that a patient may have an overlap of symptoms of different functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Different researchers have ambiguously assessed the frequency of occurrence of esophageal disorders in patients with IBS. So, based on the publications of different authors, they are found in 15-80% of cases. In a study by N. de Bortoli et al. (2016) noted the association of IBS with functional heartburn in 77% of cases, and with GERD and hypersensitive esophagus (called heartburn associated with reflux) - in 33% of cases.

Traditionally, diagnostics of a combination of functional disorders of the esophagus and intestines were based on data X-ray and endoscopic methods. However modern research has shown the importance of using in this group of patients with daily combined pH impedance measurement. Thus, many authors have noted the undoubted advantages of this method in the diagnosis of esophageal disorders. Unfortunately, works devoted to this topic, extremely few in number, and the information obtained in them is quite contradictory, which indicates the need to continue research in this direction.
The other side of the face that is not randomized to receive laser treatment will be subject to treatment with the topical cysteamine cream alone. Participants will use the topical cysteamine cream every day for the duration of the study (12 weeks).
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) occurs in 1.5 per 1000 live births, leaving affected children with long-term motor and cognitive deficits. Few animal models of HIE incorporate maternal immune activation (MIA) despite the significant risk MIA poses to HIE incidence and diagnosis. Our non-invasive model of HIE pairs late gestation MIA with postnatal hypoxia. HIE pups exhibited a trend toward smaller overall brain size and delays in the ontogeny of several developmental milestones. In adulthood, HIE animals had reduced strength and gait deficits, but no difference in speed. Surprisingly, HIE animals performed better on the rotarod, an assessment of motor coordination. There was significant upregulation of inflammatory genes in microglia 24 h after hypoxia. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) revealed two microglia subclusters of interest following HIE. Pseudobulk analysis revealed increased microglia motility gene expression and upregulation of epigenetic machinery and neurodevelopmental genes in macrophages following HIE. No sex differences were found in any measures. These results support a two-hit noninvasive model pairing MIA and hypoxia as a model for HIE in humans. This model results in a milder phenotype compared to established HIE models; however, HIE is a clinically heterogeneous injury resulting in a variety of outcomes in humans. The pathways identified in our model of HIE may reveal novel targets for therapy for neonates with HIE.
BACKGROUND: Chronic rhinosinusitis is a very common condition. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (eGPA) are systemic diseases which can contribute to the development of chronic rhinosinusitis in select patients.
OBJECTIVE: Characterize the presenting features, diagnostic criteria, workup, and management of granulomatosis with polyangiitis and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis as they are encountered in otolaryngology clinics.
METHODS: Full length manuscripts published 2000 or later were reviewed. A separate search was conducted for each disease. Pertinent clinical features related to sinonasal manifestations of GPA and eGPA were collected and reported in this review.
RESULTS: 467 references were discovered during literature review process. In total, 42 references for GPA and 35 references for eGPA were included in this review.
CONCLUSION: GPA and eGPA are vasculitis syndromes which commonly present in the context of multisystem disease. For GPA, pulmonary and renal disease are common; for eGPA a history of asthma is nearly ubiquitous. Sinonasal disease is a very common feature for both disease processes and may precede the development of systemic symptoms in many patients. Clinical work up and diagnosis is complex and generally requires multidisciplinary care. Treatment primarily consists of immunosuppressive agents, and a number of steroids, steroid sparing agents, and biologics have been shown to be effective. The role of sinus surgery includes tissue biopsy for diagnosis, functional surgery for symptom management in select cases, and reconstruction of cosmetic and functional defects.