anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: rare diseases (RD) are extremely complex health conditions. Persons affected by these conditions in Cameroon are often neglected in society and health systems through the inexistence of policies and programs. In Cameroon, there exists no program or policy conceived to address their needs in terms of access to quality health care, timely and reliable diagnosis, treatments, education, etc. The consequence is that persons living with a RD (PLWRD) and their families do not participate in social life. The unique fate of PLWRD reveals that the principle of social justice and equity is flawed in Cameroon. However, patients, in order to survive in society, rely on patients' organizations (PO) to improve their quality of life (QoL) and advocate for a better consideration in the society. The aim of this paper is to highlight how initiatives from a grassroot perspective like POs can inform decision-makers to address the needs of PLWRD and their families.
METHODS: the study associated a systematic literature review and semi-structured interviews with parents of children suffering from a RD and who are members of a PO. Through the systematic literature review we highlighted the impact POs have in the development of research on RDs, patient literacy, patient empowerment and advocacy while semi-structured interviews brought out the needs of patients and their families.
RESULTS: findings, on the one hand show that, in Cameroon PLWRD face a number of challenges like the incurability of their condition, catastrophic medical expenses, stigmatization and marginalization, etc. and though in POs their QoL still remains poor. On the other hand, where POs are empowered they are key actors in research on RDs and help decision-makers on having a better insight into the type of RD that exists across a geographical area, the sociodemographic profile of patients, etc. for a better management of PLWRD.
CONCLUSION: the study suggests that the ministry of public health should create a network with existing RD POs to adequately meet the needs of PLWRD.
Adolescent depression is a major public health problem in the United States and throughout the world. Major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescence is common with point prevalence rates of 3% to 9%. In the U.S., it is estimated that by the time adolescents reach the age of 17, 14% will have experienced at least one episode of major depressive disorder. Effective treatments of adolescent depression are clearly needed despite the fact that in the past 10-15 years, there has been a dramatic increase in studies of the efficacy of medications, primarily the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Medications and CBT rarely result in complete and lasting remission of symptoms, and residual symptoms are associated with a high rate of relapse. In most studies, a positive response is defined as a 30-50% improvement in symptoms and/or a global rating that the subject is much or very much improved. In adults, exercise has been used as a mono-therapy and as an augmentation therapy with antidepressant medication. Our recently completed randomized trial of exercise treatment in adults found response and remission rates of 46% and 42%, in those randomized to a public health dose of exercise. In adolescents, data on the use of exercise to treat MDD is relatively sparse. A 2006 Cochrane review of exercise to prevent and treat depression in adolescents found a small effect size in support of exercise, but the conclusion is based on evidence from a small number of randomized clinical trials of low methodological quality. In this exploratory R34, the specific aims of this application are to: 1) Develop a detailed Manual of Procedures (MOP) to conduct an acute-phase randomized trial of exercise to treat adolescent depression; 2) Develop estimates of recruitment yield from tests of various recruitment strategies; and, 3) Pilot test trial methodologies in (n=40) adolescents diagnosed with depression to ascertain estimates of treatment effect sizes, adherence and drop-out rates. To achieve these aims, the project is organized into 3 phases. Phase I will be the development of the first draft MOP that will adapt procedures developed from a previous trial examining two doses of exercise in treatment of adult MDD. Phase II will test specific recruitment methodologies to determine recruitment yields for each strategy and will pilot test screening procedures developed in Phase I. Phase III will be a pilot test of the intervention and will include development of baseline and outcome measures of exercise and depression; development and implementation of the experimental exercise treatment; and determination of the effects of exercise on depressive symptoms. Following the pilot study, we will finalize all procedures for the MOP and obtain estimates of effect sizes, adherence and drop out rates. These data will allow us to specify all study procedures necessary to meet standards of high methodological quality for a future, larger-scale, controlled study of exercise in depressed youth and will provide us with needed experience.
This is a Phase 1b/2 study to investigate the safety and effectiveness of the investigational drug, cirmtuzumab (INN:zilovertamab), when given in combination with ibrutinib in patients with B-cell lymphoid malignancies. The Phase 1b will be conducted in two parts (Part 1 and Part 2). Part 1 is a dose-finding evaluation of the sequential administration of cirmtuzumab monotherapy followed by cirmtuzumab and ibrutinib combination therapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia /small lymphocytic leukemia (CLL/SLL), previously treated mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) subjects that are BTKI naiive or have received a prior Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor therapy, unless they demonstrated primary or acquired resistance to BTKi. Up to 48 subjects will be enrolled in Part 1 to determine the recommended dosing regimen (RDR). In Part 2, up to 60 subjects (CLL/SLL, MCL and MZL (marginal zone lymphoma) will be enrolled to further evaluate the safety and pharmacology of the cirmtuzumab and ibrutinib combination given at the RDR determined in Part 1 of the study. MZL subjects that have been previously treated and have relapsed after or progressed during at least one prior anti-CD20 -based therapy will be evaluated. In the Phase 2 (Part 3) portion of the study, approximately 30 subjects with CLL/SLL who may have received minimal prior BTK inhibitor therapy will be randomized to either Arm 1 (cirmtuzumab and ibrutinib) at the RDR or Arm 2 (ibrutinib alone) to evaluate the clinical activity and safety of the two arms.
OBJECTIVES: Lymph node metastasis (LNM) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients is not only associated with the tumor's local pathological characteristics but also with systemic factors. This study aims to assess the feasibility of using body composition and pathological features to predict LNM in early stage colorectal cancer (eCRC) patients.
METHODS: A total of 192 patients with T1 CRC who underwent CT scans and surgical resection were retrospectively included in the study. The cross-sectional areas of skeletal muscle, subcutaneous fat, and visceral fat at the L3 vertebral body level in CT scans were measured using Image J software. Logistic regression analysis were conducted to identify the risk factors for LNM. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the indicators were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Delong test was applied to compare area under different ROC curves.
RESULTS: LNM was observed in 32 out of 192 (16.7%) patients with eCRC. Multivariate analysis revealed that the ratio of skeletal muscle area to visceral fat area (SMA/VFA) (OR = 0.021, p = 0.007) and pathological indicators of vascular invasion (OR = 4.074, p = 0.020) were independent risk factors for LNM in eCRC patients. The AUROC for SMA/VFA was determined to be 0.740 (p < 0.001), while for vascular invasion, it was 0.641 (p = 0.012). Integrating both factors into a proposed predictive model resulted in an AUROC of 0.789 (p < 0.001), indicating a substantial improvement in predictive performance compared to relying on a single pathological indicator.
CONCLUSION: The combination of the SMA/VFA ratio and vascular invasion provides better prediction of LNM in eCRC.
SCENTinel, a rapid smell test designed to screen for olfactory disorders, including anosmia (no ability to smell an odor) and parosmia (distorted sense of smell), measures 4 components of olfactory function: detection, intensity, identification, and pleasantness. Each test card contains one of 9 odorant mixtures. Some people born with genetic insensitivities to specific odorants (i.e. specific anosmia) may fail the test if they cannot smell an odorant but otherwise have a normal sense of smell. However, using odorant mixtures has largely been found to prevent this from happening. To better understand whether genetic differences affect SCENTinel test results, we asked genetically informative adult participants (twins or triplets, N = 630; singletons, N = 370) to complete the SCENTinel test. A subset of twins (n = 304) also provided a saliva sample for genotyping. We examined data for differences between the 9 possible SCENTinel odors; effects of age, sex, and race on SCENTinel performance, test-retest variability; and heritability using both structured equation modeling and SNP-based statistical methods. None of these strategies provided evidence for specific anosmia for any of the odors, but ratings of pleasantness were, in part, genetically determined (h2 = 0.40) and were nominally associated with alleles of odorant receptors (e.g. OR2T33 and OR1G1; P < 0.001). These results provide evidence that using odorant mixtures protected against effects of specific anosmia for ratings of intensity but that ratings of pleasantness showed effects of inheritance, possibly informed by olfactory receptor genotypes.
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity in the developed and developing world. Pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis are the two components of a single disease called deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Pregnancy associated with an average 5 to 10 fold increase in the risk of VTE compared with non-pregnant women. The highest incidence occurring during the post partum period. There are many researches done a broad on the effect of LMWH to decrease the incidence of VTE after Caesarean section using the two LMWH (Enoxaparin and Bemiparin) alone but not in one research comparing both of them alone and both together against a control group. Also according to our knowledge there are no published literature on thromboprophylaxis after vaginal delivery
Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of corrective exercise intervention (corrective exercise reminding and training software) on musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), fatigue, posture and working memory among office workers. Methods: A total of 66 office workers participated in the present study. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires (including the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire, multidimensional fatigue inventory and Borg rating scale), direct observations of work postures using rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) and rapid office strain assessment, and the n-back test. Results: There was a significant difference between the two groups (intervention and control) in terms of the severity of musculoskeletal discomfort after the intervention. There was a significant decrease in the mean score of trunk posture and the total RULA score in the intervention group after the intervention. The severity of perceived discomfort in all areas except the knee declined during the intervention. There was also a significant difference in physical and mental fatigue scores before and after the intervention. There was a significant difference in the accuracy score of office workers after the intervention compared to before the intervention. Conclusions: Overall, the results confirm the effectiveness of this low-cost, simple and easy-to-use ergonomic intervention.
Background: The number of suicides and the crude death rate among adolescents aged 15-24 have been gradually increasing. Nursing students experience greater stress compared to students from other disciplines, primarily due to the unfamiliar clinical environment, concerns about managing internships, and worries about their ability to accurately judge and handle patient conditions due to a lack of experience. The diverse and highly complex nature of clinical practice sites significantly impacts the mental health and stress levels of nursing students during their internships. Therefore, it is crucial to pay attention to the cultivation of nursing students as they enter clinical practice. In response to changing times, mobile devices and chatbot tools are critically important support resources for students.Objective:The aim is to understand how chatbot can help nursing students improve their mental health and stress during their internships. Methods:This study will employ a quasi-experimental design and will use convenience sampling to recruit nursing students from a technology university in southern Taiwan. Structured questionnaires will be used to collect data on basic demographic information, a brief health scale, and a clinical internship stress scale. It is estimated that 55 students will be recruited for both the experimental and control groups.Statistical analyses will be conducted using SPSS 28.0 software. Expected Outcomes: The expected outcomes of this study include gaining a better understanding of the basic attributes of nursing students and their mental health and stress levels during internships. The overall findings will serve as a reference for educational planning for nursing internship students and emphasize the importance of technology-assisted connections in practical learning within teaching policies.
PURPOSE: Bilateral progressive, symmetrical loss of central retinal thickness (CRT) has been described in neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis type 2 (CLN2) disease. This study details the pattern of morphological changes underlying CRT loss and disease progression in patients receiving intracerebroventricular (ICV) enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with cerliponase alfa.
METHODS: Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography macular cube scans were collected from 16 patients with classic CLN2 disease receiving ICV ERT. Detailed retinal structure analyses were performed on manually segmented horizontal B-scans through the fovea to determine the thickness of six retinal parameters and the extent of ellipsoid zone (EZ) loss.
RESULTS: Anatomical changes primarily occurred in photoreceptor (PR)-related retinal parameters and correlated with ocular disease severity. Retinal degeneration began with initial focal parafoveal EZ discontinuities signaling the onset of rapid PR degeneration in a predictable pattern: parafoveal PR involvement with foveal sparing followed by profound parafoveal and foveal PR loss with additional thinning beyond the central retina. PR degeneration began with outer segment loss and progressed to outer nuclear layer (ONL) involvement. Longitudinal analyses confirmed these observations. The rate of PR loss was fastest at the fovea at ∼58 mm per year and became slower at locations farther away from the fovea.
CONCLUSIONS: Retinal degeneration in CLN2 disease is primarily associated with PR loss in a predictable pattern, with EZ disruption signaling early PR stress. CRT, ONL thickness, and PR layer thickness are useful anatomical biomarkers for understanding disease progression and treatment efficacy in CLN2. Studies using en face images will further clarify CLN2-related retinal degeneration.
The present invention relates to the technical field of pharmaceutical cocrystals. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cocrystal of an enkephalinase inhibitor and an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and a preparation method therefor and the use thereof. One object of the present invention is to provide a new cocrystal of an enkephalinase inhibitor and an angiotensin II receptor antagonist. The enkephalinase inhibitor is sacubitril or a medically acceptable salt thereof. The angiotensin II receptor antagonist is one or more of losartan, candesartan, telmisartan, olmesartan and allisartan. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the cocrystal, which method comprises dissolving the enkephalinase inhibitor in a good solvent; adding the angiotensin II receptor antagonist in a certain molar ratio to the enkephalinase inhibitor, and dissolving same; and performing evaporation drying at room temperature to obtain the cocrystal. In addition, further provided in the present invention are a pharmaceutical composition comprising the cocrystal, and the use of the cocrystal in the preparation of a drug for treating heart failure and hypertension.
Patients will be treated with irinotecan liposome injection combined with 5-FU/LV+ bevacizumab. Treatment lasted 8 cycles.
After the healthcare workers have accomplished the MBC program the eight week intervention program will be applied by the trained staff at the intervention wards. The intervention (MBC) consists of daily individualized prerecorded music integrated with activity with about 30 minutes duration, combined with a one hour active session in groups twice weekly. The music will be selected based on individualized preferences from the patients or their family. The music will also be adapted to the day rhythm; awakening in the morning, support activities during the day, or for sleep in the evening. The healthcare worker will bring playback equipment e.g. a CD-player to the patient room. In addition will two weekly sessions in groups be performed (each on one hour) with music and movement. The movement will be adapted to their physical capacity.
Radiation is given with 5000 cGy in 25 fractions (5 weeks). Concurrent chemotherapy consists of oxaliplatin (50 mg/m2 ) intravenously over 2 h on days 1, 8, 15, 22 and 29, and capecitabine (825 mg/m2 twice day) was given orally on each day of radiation.
The invention discloses a period effect percutaneous patch of a self viscosity elastic body substrate covering and bearing testosterone and a preparation method thereof. The period effect percutaneous patch comprises a support layer, a medicine taking self viscosity elastic body substrate layer and a separation layer. The support layer is covered on one side of the medicine taking self viscosity elastic body substrate layer, and the separation layer is covered on the other side of the medicine taking self viscosity elastic body substrate layer. The period effect percutaneous patch adopts the lipotropy elastic body substrate with the low melting point to contain the testosterone, and a stable and effective testosterone blood concentration is maintained in 7 days. The patch is excellent in medicine skin penetrating performance, good in adhering performance, high in medicine loading rate, good in air permeability and free of residue when being stripped from the skin. A preparation process of the period effect percutaneous patch of the testosterone uses no machine solvent and is environment-friendly, coating is carried out in a melting state, and the preparation process has the advantages of being high in coating speed, high in production efficiency and low in cost.
The pain and discomfort following cesarean delivery are mostly due to the abdominal wall incision and dissection of muscles; it delays early ambulation and breastfeeding. This can lead to postoperative complications such as thromboembolic disorders. So, providing an effective and safe postoperative analgesic method seems to be mandatory. Opioid analgesia remains the most effective means of relieving pain in a wide variety of conditions; however, it may cause adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting, pruritus, urinary retention, and respiratory depression. As the analgesia and the side effects of opioids are dose-dependent, a multimodal approach may enhance analgesia, which in turn would decrease the side effects .

Mc Donnell and colleagues have reported that a transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block can decrease the postoperative pain following abdominal surgery. The landmarks of this block were first described in 2001 by Rafi. The TAP block has been performed for postoperative analgesic control in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy, hysterectomy, cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia, and laparoscopic surgery.
FIELD: medicine, stomatology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to filling materials. Composition for filling root channels is prepared on the basis of resorcinol-formaldehyde resin containing powdery zinc oxide, barium sulfate and paraform, curative liquid consisting of formalin and catalytic liquid that has resorcinol and acid or alkaline catalysts. Curative and catalytic liquids have additionally polyhydric alcohols, or polyethylene glycols, or Twins, or polyvinylpyrrolidone, or polyvinyl alcohol, or their mixtures as plasticizer. Components are taken at the definite quantitative ratio. Composition shows high plasticity, penetrability, good solubility, long hardening time. EFFECT: improved quality and properties of composition. 1 tbl
Prostate cancer is the second most frequent cause of cancer death in men and it accounts for 11% of all male cancers. Radical prostatectomy remains the gold standard for localized disease, offering the advantage of precise staging and grading and the real possibility of disease eradication. In the US there are approximately 100,000 radical prostatectomies (RP) performed for prostate cancer annually. However, there are two major challenges to the quality of life outcomes after radical prostatectomy: preserving urinary continence, and sexual function. The quality of life (QOL) after radical prostatectomy relies on the return of continence and sexual function after surgery to their pre-operative 'normal' status. The main factor which determines potency rates for patients is whether or not the nerves at the Neurovascular Bundles (NVB), are spared, and it may take years for sexual function to return. This may be due to the nerve injury from the nerve trauma in the surgical procedure. Similarly, a major factor involved in post-radical prostatectomy incontinence is preservation of the nerves that control the external urethral sphincter, bladder, and urogenital diaphragm. Also Inflammation from surgical removal of the prostate not only affects nerves, but also may directly damage the bladder, urethra, and pelvic floor. Effective strategies to prevent this damage are currently lacking. One stratagem to prevent or minimize such damage, is the use of local hypothermia with ice or cold irrigation around the nerves and tissues prior to, during, and after the injury has occurred. In numerous experimental models of central and peripheral nervous system injury, the use of moderate hypothermia (i.e. 28-33oC) has been shown to provide dramatic neuroprotection safely in humans, during cardiac, kidney, and brain surgery for many years.