anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine the proportion of patients receiving clinical practice guideline (CPG)-inconsistent care related to chemotherapy-induced vomiting (CIV) prophylaxis, and to describe the association between CPG-inconsistent care and site size. The association between delivery of CPG-inconsistent care and patient outcomes (CIV control, admission prolongation, and unplanned healthcare visits) was also described.
METHODS: This was a retrospective study conducted at Children's Oncology Group (COG) National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP) sites. Eligible patients received highly (HEC) or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) as inpatients from January 2014 through December 2015, and were previously enrolled in a COG study. The COG generated a patient list from which patients were randomly selected for chart review by participating sites. A central panel adjudicated CIV prophylaxis received as CPG-consistent or -inconsistent.
RESULTS: Twenty-four sites participated. Over half of patients received CPG-inconsistent CIV prophylaxis (HEC: 59/112, 52.6%; MEC: 119/215, 55.3%). The most common reasons for CPG-inconsistency were shortened duration of antiemetic administration or omission of dexamethasone. Site size was not found to be associated with CPG-inconsistent care delivery (HEC: adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76-1.23; MEC: adjusted OR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.92-1.24). Additionally, there was no statistically significant association between receipt of CPG-inconsistent care and patient outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients receiving MEC or HEC often received CPG-inconsistent CIV prophylaxis. Site size was not associated with receipt of CPG-inconsistent care. Future studies should evaluate strategies to improve CIV control among pediatric oncology patients including those aimed at improving CPG adherence.
Patients who retrospectively received soy-based lipid (Intralipid) at standard dosing of 2-3 g/kg/day were eligible for inclusion. Patients in this group were matched to prospective patients based on diagnosis, gestational age, and length of lipid therapy.
Synthetic polymer complements (SPCs) are provided, as well as methods for their synthesis and use. The SPCs range in size from about 20 to about 1000 nm. The SPCs have surfaces that are complementary to surface sites of target molecules, resulting in the ability of the SPCs to selectively bind to molecular targets. The molecular recognition capability of these particles enables their use in diagnostic, therapeutic, and separation applications. The SPC is formed by contacting a target template molecule with a set of building blocks solubilized in the interior of a liposome, which building blocks are then polymerized into a network to form the synthetic polymer complement in the interior of the liposome. The target templates are removed to produce complementary sites in a SPC that map the surface of the target, resulting in a water-soluble SPC nanoparticle of similar dimensions as the interior of the liposome that originally supported it and capable of molecular recognition.
BACKGROUND: Neurological emergencies are one of the major diagnosis groups in the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) with the highest rate of misdiagnosis. Despite the knowledge of time sensitivity and the importance of prehospital factors, prehospital delay is common. Although several stroke triage scales have been developed, a gold standard in the prehospital setting is lacking.
OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to evaluate the perception of neurological emergencies by EMS personnel and to identify current problems, difficulties and opportunities for improvement in the prehospital management of stroke, seizure, non-specific neurological symptoms, and paediatric neurological emergencies.
METHODS: The study was conducted as an online survey through SoSci Survey and was made available from March 1st to June 30th 2023 to all personnel working in emergency medical services. The access link was distributed through snowballing, social media, and through a QR code on a promotional poster. The survey was completed anonymously. The final survey consisted of 30 questions in German on the topics of neurological emergencies, general neurological assessment, specific neurological examination including paediatric assessment, stroke, and seizures, and finally suggestions for improvement.
RESULTS: The largest group of participants were paramedics, who estimated to encounter neurological emergencies at a general rate of 20-60%. When unease was felt, the main reasons were ambiguity of symptoms and insufficient admission capacity of hospitals. The biggest challenges were highly varied. Almost 80% of participants assumed that the neurological assessment would be omitted in difficult patient groups such as demented, intoxicated or children. 75% felt uncomfortable making a paediatric assessment, 50% were unfamiliar with the Paediatric Glasgow Coma Scale.
CONCLUSIONS: Support through more standardized practical training and defined, uniform guidelines is needed. There was also a clear need for peer collaboration, feedback and case sharing. Digitalization, the usage of telemedicine and updated versions of the documentation protocols including paediatric adaptations to current guidelines could further improve current neurological assessment in the prehospital setting.
After being selected for this study based on a screening survey, participants will be asked to fill out a demographic questionnaire, the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale - Brief Version (MSS-B), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Davos Assessment of Cognitive Biases Scale (DACOBS), and the Illness Management and Recovery Scale - Consumer Self-Rating, IMRS. The measurements evaluate different aspects of severe mental illness which are often challenges. This will take approximately: the screener questionnaire (2-3 minutes), demographic questionnaire (3-5 minutes), MSS-B (38 questions: 10-15 minutes), MoCA (10-15 minutes), DACOBS (42 questions: 15-20 minutes), and IMS (15 questions: 5 to 15 minutes)- Total Maximum Time is 63 minutes. After all, measurements are completed, the participants will be introduced to the BrainHQ program the following week. The participants will begin the selected cognitive training module 3 times a week (Mon, Wed, and Fri), 60 minutes per session for a total of 180 minutes per week. The participants will have a total of 24 sessions over the course of 8 weeks, for a total of 1,440 minutes of cognitive training over the course of this feasibility study. A process questionnaire on the acceptability/ feasibility of the cognitive training program will be administered after the first session, then the middle progress point (4th week), and at the end of the program (8th week) (2-3 minutes). Upon completion of the cognitive training, the participants will retake each measurement (MSS-B, MoCA, DACOBS, and IMRS)-Total Maximum Time is 55 minutes. There is minimal to no risk in this study. Participants will continue their prescribed treatment plan with the addition of the cognitive training which is computerized and takes the form of simulated games with an attended purpose. Participants will continue to be monitored by their providers and staff will continue to evaluate participants for changes in baseline behavior on a daily basis during the course of the study. The plan analysis for this study will be a MANOVA and Correlations. Confidentiality of research records and data will be protected in accordance with the Alliant International University Institutional Review Boards policies, and procedures.
1411737 Treating cocoa fruit U DREVICI and N DREVICI 20 July 1972 [23 July 1971] 3983/75 Divided out of 1411591 Headings A2B and A2Q A foodstuff especially for animals may be produced from cocoa fruit by separating the beans and adhering pulp from the flesh and grinding up the flesh. In one embodiment, the process comprises (a) separating the beans and adhering pulp from the flesh, (b) expressing. the juice from the flesh and (c) comminuting and (d) drying the flesh residue. In this embodiment (1) whole cocoa fruit is treated with hot potassium carbonate or, sodium hydroxide containing a wetting agent to swell and loosen the skin, (2) the skin is then removed by abrasion with infra-red heating, (3) the peeled fruit is treated with a neutralizing acid, e.g. citric acid and a colour-conserving agent, e.g. sulphur dioxide (ascorbic acid may function simultaneously as neutralizing acid and colourconserving agent), (4) the fruit is burst open by squeezing between rollers, (5) the beans and adhering pulp are separated from the flesh by rotating the burst fruit in a wire net drum, (6) the beans and adhering pulp which pass through the wire net drum are passed through a vibrating screen to remove any remaining flesh, (7) the beans and pulp are fermented with yeast and molasses and (8) the flesh is treated as above. In a second embodiment the unopened fruit is treated with a preservative, dried and opened, the seeds are removed and the residual flesh is comminuted and mixed with a fatty material. In this embodiment freshly harvested cocoa fruits are (1) treated with a preservative, e.g. potassium sorbate, sodium or calcium hypochlorite, sodium or potassium disulphite, chlorine, sulphur dioxide, formaldehyde, ozone, methyl formate, diphenyl, ammonia, sodium o-phenyl phenolate or nitrogen trichloride, (2) kiln dried and (3) opened, (4) the beans and adhering pulp are removed from the flesh, the flesh is (5) ground and (6) mixed with suet in a roller mill. In supplementary procedures the juice may be expressed from the flesh, the comminuted flesh may be sieved to remove fibres, and the product may be mixed with proteinaceous waste waters from a dairy or meat or fish processing plant and/or with conventional animal food ingredients.
Participants attend educational session about HPV-related cancers, screening, and HPV vaccination and guidelines and receive informational infographic handout on HPV vaccination. Participants also complete surveys pre and post education session over 5 minutes each to assess HPV vaccination status among children of participants, HPV knowledge, and intentions to get the HPV vaccination, and screening among participants. In addition, participants complete surveys over telephone or face-to-face at 3 and 6 months.
1. An orally disintegrating pharmaceutical preparation which comprises (5-[2-ethoxy-5-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylsulphonyl)-phenyl]-1,6-dihydro-1-methyl-3-propylpyrazolo [4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one) as a sildenafil free base together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and which rapidly disintegrates in the mouth, wherein said preparation is prepared by a method which comprises the steps of (a) combining and compressing a water soluble meltable binder, at least one excipient and sildenafil free base into a tablet, (b) melting said binder in said tablet and (c) solidifying said binder, wherein said binder is a polyethylene glycol, a sucrose ester, an ethoxylated fatty acid or an ethoxylated alcohol. 2. A preparation as claimed in Claim 1 wherein step (a) includes combining with a volatilizable material which is removed after the compression step. 3. A preparation as claimed in Claim 2 wherein the volatilizable material is ammonium bicarbonate. 4. A method of treating human sexual dysfunction which comprises administering an orally disintegrating pharmaceutical preparation as claimed in Claim 1, and allowing said preparation to disintegrate in the mouth. 5. A method as claimed in Claim 4 wherein the pharmaceutical preparation is administered to an impotent male. 6. A method as claimed in Claim 4 where the pharmaceutical preparation is administered to a female.
BACKGROUND: Parents of neonates with seizures report persistent symptoms of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress. We aimed to characterize the parent experience of caring for children impacted by neonatal seizures, including longitudinal assessment across childhood.
METHODS: This prospective, observational, multicenter study was conducted at Neonatal Seizure Registry (NSR) sites in partnership with the NSR Parent Advisory Panel. Parents completed surveys at discharge; 12, 18, and 24 months; and 3, 4, 5, 7, and 8 years. Surveys included demographic information and open-ended questions targeting parent experience. A conventional content analysis approach was used.
RESULTS: A total of 320 caregivers completed at least one open-ended question, with the majority of respondents at discharge (n = 142), 12 months (n = 169), 18 months (n = 208), and 24 months (n = 245). We identified the following three primary themes. (1) Personal Burden of Care: Parents experienced emotional distress, financial strain, physical demands, and fears for their child's unknown outcome; (2) Managing Day-to-Day Life: Parents described difficulties navigating their parenting role, including managing their child's challenging behaviors and understanding their child's needs amid neurodevelopmental impairment; (3) My Joys as a Parent: Parents valued bonding with their child, being a caregiver, and watching their child's personality grow.
CONCLUSIONS: Parents of children impacted by neonatal seizures face persistent challenges, which are interwoven with the joys of being a parent. Our findings suggest that future interventions should promote resiliency, address caregivers' psychosocial needs longitudinally, and provide enhanced support for parents caring for children with medical complexity.
AIMS: Women are underrepresented in cardiovascular trials. We sought to explore the proportional representation of women in contemporary cardiovascular research and the factors (barriers and enablers) that affect their participation in cardiovascular studies.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Multiple electronic databases were searched between January 2011 and September 2021 to identify papers that defined underrepresentation of women in cardiovascular research and/or reported sex-based differences in participating in cardiovascular research and/or barriers for women to participate in cardiovascular research. Data extraction was undertaken independently by two authors using a standardised data collection form. Results were summarised using descriptive statistics and narrative synthesis as appropriate.From 548 identified papers, 10 papers were included. Of those, four were conducted prospectively and six were retrospective studies. Five of the retrospective studies involved secondary analysis of trial data including over 780 trials in over 1.1 million participants. Overall, women were reported to be underrepresented in heart failure, coronary disease, myocardial infarction, and arrhythmia trials, compared to men. Barriers to participation included lack of information and understanding of the research, trial-related procedures, the perceived health status of the participant, and patient-specific factors including travel, childcare availability, and cost. A significantly higher likelihood of research participation was reported by women following a patient educational intervention.
CONCLUSION: This review has highlighted the underrepresentation of women in a range of cardiovascular trials. Several barriers to women's participation in cardiovascular studies were identified. Researchers could mitigate against these in future trial planning and delivery to increase women's participation in cardiovascular research.
REGISTRATION: The protocol was published on the public Open Science Framework platform on 13th August 2021 (no registration reference provided) and can be accessed at https://osf.io/ny4fd/.
Patients receiving suprathreshold electrotherapy in weekly intervals for a Duration of 30 min each. Device calibration with determination of the individual threshold was performed prior to the application of electrical current.
INTRODUCTION: An association between deep sedation and adverse short-term outcomes has been demonstrated although this evidence has been inconsistent. The A2B (alpha-2 agonists for sedation in critical care) sedation trial is designed to determine whether the alpha-2 agonists clonidine and dexmedetomidine, compared with usual care, are clinically and cost-effective. The A2B intervention is a complex intervention conducted in 39 intensive care units (ICUs) in the UK. Multicentre organisational factors, variable cultures, perceptions and practices and the involvement of multiple members of the healthcare team add to the complexity of the A2B trial. From our pretrial contextual exploration it was apparent that routine practices such as type and frequency of pain, agitation and delirium assessment, as well as the common sedative agents used, varied widely across the UK. Anticipated challenges in implementing A2B focused on the impact of usual practice, perceptions of risk, ICU culture, structure and the presence of equipoise. Given this complexity, a process evaluation has been embedded in the A2B trial to uncover factors that could impact successful delivery and explore their impact on intervention delivery and interpretation of outcomes.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This is a mixed-methods process evaluation guided by the A2B intervention logic model. It includes two phases of data collection conducted during and at the end of trial. Data will be collected using a combination of questionnaires, stakeholder interviews and routinely collected trial data. A framework approach will be used to analyse qualitative data with synthesis of data within and across the phases. The nature of the relationship between delivery of the A2B intervention and the trial primary and secondary outcomes will be explored.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: All elements of the A2B trial, including the process evaluation, are approved by Scotland A Research Ethics Committee (Ref. 18/SS/0085). Dissemination will be via publications, presentations and media engagement.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03653832.
BACKGROUND: Polymyxins have re-emerged as a last-resort therapeutic option for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Nephrotoxicity induced by polymyxins is a significant limitation of its use in the clinic. Polymyxin B and colistin sulfate are two widely used active formulations of polymyxins. However, there is a lack of studies conducting a comparative assessment of nephrotoxicity between the two formulations. This study aimed to compare the nephrotoxicity of polymyxin B and colistin sulfate in critically ill patients.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among critically ill patients who received intravenous polymyxin B or colistin sulfate for over 48 h from January 2017 to January 2024. The primary outcome was the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with polymyxins, and the secondary outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality. Additionally, the risk factors of polymyxins-induced AKI and 30-day all-cause mortality were identified by Cox proportional hazard regression analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 473 patients were included in this study. The overall incidence of AKI was significantly higher in patients who received polymyxin B compared to those who received colistin sulfate in the unmatched cohort (20.8% vs. 9.0%, p = 0.002) and in the propensity score matching cohort (21.1% vs. 7.0%, p = 0.004), respectively. However, there was no significant difference in 30-day all-cause mortality between the two groups. Polymyxin type, septic shock, and concomitant use of vasopressors were identified as independent risk factors for polymyxin-induced AKI.
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of AKI was higher among patients who received polymyxin B compared to those treated with colistin sulfate. However, there was no significant difference in 30-day all-cause mortality between the two groups. Further prospective, multicenter studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate these findings.
The invention relates to a sublingual instant nanometer medical membrane of a polypeptide protein drug and the related three-dimensional printing preparation method. The medical membrane is formed by multiple layers of powder through bounding. The top and bottom layers of the membrane are made from binding liquid which contains permeation enhancer through bonding. The central zones of the middle layers are made from binding agents of a micro-emulsion containing medical polypeptide protein and soybean phospholipid; the peripheral zones are made from binding liquid which is the same with that of the top and bottom layers through bonding. The preparation of the invention comprises the following steps: prepare the medical polypeptide protein micro-emulsion through nano-technique; print and position the micro-emulsion at the center of the membrane through three-dimensional printing technique and smear binding agents containing transmembrane permeation enhancer at the peripheral zones with another printing head to bond medical membrane. The medical membrane can be quickly dissolved at the sublingual to give off the micro-emulsion granules which contain medicines, and under the effects of the transmembrane permeation enhancer, the membrane can permeate the sublingual mucous membrane and enter the circulation system. The whole technique is simple in process, high in automation and good in reproducibility.
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is common among men with prostate cancer and the leading cause of death in this population. There is a need for CV risk assessment tools that can be easily implemented in the prostate cancer treatment setting.
METHODS: Consecutive patients who underwent positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for recurrent prostate cancer at a single institution from 2012 to 2017 were identified retrospectively. Clinical data and coronary calcification on nongated CT imaging were obtained. The primary outcome was major adverse CV event (MACE; myocardial infarction, coronary or peripheral revascularization, stroke, heart failure hospitalization, or all-cause mortality) occurring within 5 years of PET/CT.
RESULTS: Among 354 patients included in the study, there were 98 MACE events that occurred in 74 patients (21%). All-cause mortality was the most common MACE event (35%), followed by coronary revascularization/myocardial infarction (26%) and stroke (19%). Coronary calcification was predictive of MACE (HR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.4, P = .03) using adjusted Kaplan-Meier analysis. As a comparator, the Framingham risk score was calculated for 198 patients (56%) with complete clinical and laboratory data available. In this subgroup, high baseline Framingham risk (corresponding to 10-year risk of CV disease > 20%) was not predictive of MACE.
CONCLUSIONS: MACE was common (21%) in men with recurrent prostate cancer undergoing PET/CT over 5 years of follow-up. Incidental coronary calcification on PET/CT was associated with increased risk of MACE and may have utility as a CV risk predictor that is feasible to implement among all prostate cancer providers.
The invention discloses a porphyrin derivative nano-composite preparation applied in photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy of rheumatoid arthritis and an application thereof. The invention discloses an experimental method of a composite reagent of a water-soluble porphyrin derivative and a nano-material. The composite reagent has stable fluorescence characteristic and excellent biocompatibility. According to the composite reagent, drug release detection and tracing of an inflammation area can be realized, and enrichment in the inflammation area can be achieved through porphyrin molecule absorption of the nano-material. The experimental method provided by the invention is easy to implement, and has low toxicity and high specificity. The porphyrin derivative in the obtained composite reagent can undergo violet light excitation to generate singlet oxygen. The nanometer material in the composite reagent has excellent photothermal effect under the red light excitation condition. Drug enrichment and multi-model treatment by photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy for inflammation disease can be realized, and the porphyrin derivative nano-composite preparation has wide medical clinical application value and prospect.