anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Comparative frailty prevalence data across European countries is sparse due to heterogeneous measurement methods. The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement (SHARE) initiative conducted interviews with probability sampling of non-institutionalized elderly people in several European countries. Previous frailty analyses of SHARE datasets were limited to initial SHARE countries and did not provide age- and gender-stratified frailty prevalence. Our aim was to provide age- and gender-stratified frailty prevalence estimates in all European countries, with predictions where necessary. From 29 SHARE participating countries, 311,915 individual surveys were analyzed. Frailty prevalence was estimated by country and gender in 5-year age bands using the SHARE Frailty Instrument and a frailty index. Association of frailty prevalence with age, gender, and GDP per capita (country-specific economic indicator for predictions) was investigated in multivariate mixed logistic regression models with or without multiple imputation. Female gender and increasing age were significantly associated with higher frailty prevalence. Higher GDP per capita, with or without purchasing power parity adjustment, was significantly associated with lower frailty prevalence in the 65-79 age groups in all analyses. Observed and predicted data on frailty rates by country are provided in the interactive SHARE Frailty Atlas for Europe. Our study provides age- and gender-stratified frailty prevalence estimates for all European countries, revealing remarkable between-country heterogeneity. Higher frailty prevalence is strongly associated with lower GDP per capita, underlining the importance of investigating transferability of evidence across countries at different developmental levels and calling for improved policies to reduce inequity in risk of developing frailty across European countries.
PCT No. PCT/US93/04323 Sec. 371 Date May 6, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date May 6, 1995 PCT Filed May 6, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO93/22267 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 11, 1993The present invention provides a purified retinoid compound characterized by a molecular mass of about 320 daltons and an atomic composition of C20H32O3. The present invention also provides a purified retinoid compound having the following structure: wherein the configuration of C7, C9, and C11 double bond independently is Z or E and the absolute configuration at C13 and C14 is independently R or S; wherein R1 is hydroxyl, alkyl, alkyl halide, alcohol, ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, carboxylic ester, acyl halide, amide, nitrile, or amine; wherein R2 and R3 are independently hydroxyl, halide, alkoxy, ester, alkyl, alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, carboxylic ester, nitrile, amine, azide, alkyl halide, acid halide, acid azide, or amide; or wherein R2 and R3, or R1 and R2 are replaced by a 13,14-oxirane or a 14,15-oxirane group, respectively. Also provided by this invention is a pharmaceutical composition which comprises the compound above and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. This invention further provides a growth medium comprising the compound above at a concentration effective to enhance cell growth. Additionally, the present invention provides a method of enhancing the growth of a cell, a method for enhancing an immune response in a subject, and a method for enhancing transcription of a gene regulated by a retinoid in a cell.
Polysaccharides, which are widely used as anticoagulation drugs, especially heparin, are clinically administered only by intravenous or subcutaneous injection because of their strong hydrophilicity and high negative charge. Amphiphilic heparin derivatives were synthesized by conjugate to bile acids, sterols, and alkanoic acids, respectively. The hydrophobicity of the heparin derivatives depended on the feed mole ratio of heparin to hydrophobic agent. The heparin derivatives were slightly hydrophobic and exhibited good solubility in a water-acetone solvent, as well as water. The heparin derivatives have a high anticoagulant activity. These slightly hydrophobic heparin derivatives can be absorbed in gastric intestinal tract and can be used as oral dosage form. Also, the heparin derivatives can be used for the surface modification to prevent coagulation for medical devices such as extracorporeal devices and implanted devices.
AIM: To evaluate a lesion detection algorithm designed to detect focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) in children undergoing stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) as part of their presurgical evaluation for drug-resistant epilepsy.
METHOD: This was a prospective, single-arm, interventional study (Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment, and Long-Term Follow-Up phase 1/2a). After routine SEEG planning, structural magnetic resonance imaging sequences were run through an FCD lesion detection algorithm to identify putative clusters. If the top three clusters were not already sampled, up to three additional SEEG electrodes were added. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of patients who had additional electrode contacts in the SEEG-defined seizure-onset zone (SOZ).
RESULTS: Twenty patients (median age 12 years, range 4-18 years) were enrolled, one of whom did not undergo SEEG. Additional electrode contacts were part of the SOZ in 1 out of 19 patients while 3 out of 19 patients had clusters that were part of the SOZ but they were already implanted. A total of 16 additional electrodes were implanted in nine patients and there were no adverse events from the additional electrodes.
INTERPRETATION: We demonstrate early-stage prospective clinical validation of a machine learning lesion detection algorithm used to aid the identification of the SOZ in children undergoing SEEG. We share key lessons learnt from this evaluation and emphasize the importance of robust prospective evaluation before routine clinical adoption of such algorithms.
WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: The focal cortical dysplasia detection algorithm collocated with the seizure-onset zone (SOZ) in 4 out of 19 patients. The algorithm changed the resection boundaries in 1 of 19 patients undergoing stereoelectroencephalography for drug-resistant epilepsy. The patient with an altered resection due to the algorithm was seizure-free 1 year after resective surgery. Overall, the algorithm did not increase the proportion of patients in whom SOZ was identified.
Patients undergo tumor resection or biopsy and have microdialysis catheter placed on day 0. Beginning at least 24 hours later, patients receive eribulin mesylate IV over 2-5 minutes on day 1. Serial brain fluid samples are collected for approximately 72 hours and the microdialysis catheter is then removed. Beginning at least 2 weeks after tumor resection or biopsy, patients may continue to receive eribulin mesylate IV over 2-5 minutes on days 1 and 8. Courses repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The patients are diagnosed as ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD) and less than 90 days after the onset of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. The patients have no definite diagnosis of hypertension, and are not under anti-hypertension treatment. The blood pressure measured 5\~90 days after the ICVD onset without any anti-hypertension treatment is less than 140/90 mmHg (an average of ≥ 2 readings obtained on ≥ 2 occasions after emptying bladder, relaxing for more than 5 min, and avoiding caffeine, exercise, or smoking for at least 30 min before measurement).
The M2M ontology processor is responsible for processing, storing, or providing discovery functions for ontologies published from outside or inside the M2M domain. The M2M ontology processor may be functionally comprised of an ontology processing component, an ontology classification component, an ontology discovery component, and an ontology repository. The ontology processing component may process published ontologies outside and inside the M2M namespace, and the M2M namespace may be used to provide semantic information to objects/entities. The ontology classification component may classify ontologies and store them in the correct hierarchy/location in the ontology repository for discovery and use. The ontology discovery component may provide ontology discovery and determine a matching ontology for use by the requestor. The ontology repository may store any ontology model published or generated outside and inside the M2M domain. Those ontologies may be used for resources to implement semantics. Thus, the ontology repository can interact with an ontology classification component and an ontology discovery component.
The purpose of this study is to explore MAD as an alternative treatment option for OSA in pregnant women. We are recruiting a small number of 10 healthy pregnant women with uncomplicated OSA (absence of significant cardiovascular, metabolic or neurocognitive consequences) who, after being offered CPAP as the recommended standard treatment, prefer to use a MAD over CPAP. All patients are recruited from a single center. We would like to get a first impression on the comfort level of these women with the MAD and their self-reported compliance and any improvement of symptoms with treatment. Additionally, we would like to test efficacy in controlling OSA with pregnancy progression. Finally, we would like to derive overall treatment effectiveness of the MAD in pregnant women as defined as a combination of efficacy and compliance.
Supraventricular tachyarrhythmia (SVT) is the main cause of inappropriate therapy in patients with single-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs). To minimize inappropriate shock delivery, ICDs should sense both atrial and ventricular intracardiac signals. Dual-chamber ICDs are used for this purpose, but are associated with increased postoperative complications due to the implantation of a separate atrial lead. It has to be shown that a novel single-lead dual-chamber ICD-system with enhanced SVT discrimination can achieve the same specificity in discriminating SVT episodes as conventional dual-chamber ICD, without the disadvantage of the implantation of several leads. In this study patients eligible for dual-chamber ICD therapy who do not need atrial pacing will receive either a single-lead dual-chamber ICD (Belos A+ and Kainox A+ electrode) or a dual-lead dual-chamber ICD (Belos DR). SMART detection algorithm will be used in both study groups for discrimination between atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Atrial tachyarrhythmia episodes are facultatively induced in both groups at implantation or predischarge via a bipolar stimulation catheter. Induced episodes and the corresponding ICD intervention (detection and therapy or inhibition of therapy) are documented. Follow-ups are scheduled for 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after implantation. ICD intervention, particularly related to spontaneous SVT episodes, will be evaluated based on ICD diagnostic memory data interrogated at follow-up controls.
Initiating dialysis therapy in elderly patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is a challenging decision. We aimed to examine the mortality rates among elderly patients who underwent hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or comprehensive conservative care. This retrospective cohort study included elderly patients (≥70 years) with ESKD who selected their treatment options from January 2008 to December 2018. Patients were categorized into three groups: hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and comprehensive conservative care. The outcome of interest was all-cause mortality analyzed using flexible parametric survival models. Propensity score analysis with inverse probability treatment weighting technique was performed, incorporating age, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. The study included 719 elderly ESKD patients with mean age of 78.2 ± 4.9 years, 52.3% were male, and 60.1% died during the median follow-up period of 22.1 months. In a fully adjusted model, patients receiving comprehensive conservative care (n = 50) had higher mortality rates than those receiving hemodialysis (n = 317) (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 5.60; 95% CI 2.26-13.84, p < 0.001). However, patients who received peritoneal dialysis (n = 352) had a similar mortality rate when compared to those who received hemodialysis (adjusted HR 1.38; 95% CI 0.78-2.44, p = 0.275). The higher mortality rate in the comprehensive conservative care group remained significantly higher than in the hemodialysis group among patients aged ≥80 years (adjusted HR 4.97; 95% CI 1.32-18.80, p = 0.018). Among elderly patients (≥70 years), treatment with dialysis was associated with longer survival rates. This survival advantage persisted in patients aged ≥80 years who chose hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis over comprehensive conservative care.
INTRODUCTION: Expert opinion is widely used in clinical guidelines. No research has ever been conducted investigating the use of expert opinion in international infectious disease guidelines. This study aimed to create an analytical map by describing the prevalence and utilization of expert opinion in infectious disease guidelines and analyzing the methodological aspects of these guidelines.
METHODS: In this meta-epidemiological study, systematic searches in PubMed and Trip Medical Database were performed to identify clinical guidelines on infectious diseases, published between January 2018 and May 2023 in English, by international organizations. Data extracted included guideline characteristics, expert opinion utilization, and methodological details. Prevalence and rationale of expert opinion use were analyzed descriptively. Methodological differences between groups were analyzed with Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U Test.
RESULTS: The analysis covered 66 guidelines with 2296 recommendations, published/endorsed by 136 organizations. Most guidelines (79%) used systematic literature searches, 42% provided search strategies, and 38% presented screening flow diagrams and conducted risk of bias assessments. 48.5% of the guidelines allowed expert opinion, most of which included expert opinion as part of the evidence hierarchy within the grading system. Guidelines allowing expert opinion, compared to those which do not, issued more recommendations per guideline (48.82 vs.19.13, p<0.001), and reported fewer screening flow diagrams (25% vs. 65%, p = 0.002), and less risk of bias assessments (19% vs.78%, p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Expert opinion is utilized in half of assessed guidelines, often integrated into the evidence hierarchy within the grading system. Its utilization varies considerably in methodology, form, and terminology between guidelines. These findings highlight a pressing need for additional research and guidance, to improve and advance the standardization of infectious disease guidelines.
Probiotics, recognized as beneficial and active microorganisms, often face challenges in maintaining their functionality under harsh conditions such as exposure to stomach acid and bile salts. In this investigation, we developed probiotic microcapsules and assessed their protective effects and underlying mechanisms in a murine model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis using male C57BL/6J mice. The administration of the probiotic microcapsules significantly mitigated body weight loss, prevented colon length shortening, decreased the disease activity index scores, and reduced histopathological scores in mice with DSS-induced colitis. Concurrently, the microencapsulated probiotics preserved intestinal barrier integrity by upregulating the expressions of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin, as well as the mucus layer component MUC-2. Moreover, the treatment with probiotic microcapsules suppressed the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway in the context of DSS-induced colitis. In conclusion, these findings support the utilization of probiotic microcapsules as a potential functional food ingredient to maintain the permeability of the intestinal barrier and alleviate colonic inflammation in UC.
Clinical studies of PRUDOXIN® Cream did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.

The extent of renal excretion of doxepin has not been determined. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selections.

Sedating drugs may cause confusion and oversedation in the elderly; elderly patients generally should be observed closely for confusion and oversedation when started on PRUDOXIN® Cream. (See WARNINGS.) An 80-year old male nursing home patient developed probable systemic anticholinergic toxicity which included urinary retention and delirium after PRUDOXIN® Cream had been applied to his arms, legs and back three times daily for two days.
Single red blood packed cells Transfusion will be administered in patient with anemia defined as a hemoglobin level below 8 g/dL. Clinical and biological monitoring will be carried out later each day. If the hemoglobin is \<8 g / dL, a single unit is transfused and so on.
The Omega-3 Fatty Acid compound will be manufactured by Ocean Nutrition Canada and contain an 2:1 proportion of EPA to DHA in which each capsule includes 370 mg EPA and 200 mg DHA as well as 2 mg/g Tocopherol. The dose will be two capsules per day for a total of 740 mg of EPA and 400 mg of DHA.
Platforms for data aggregation, communication, rule evaluation, and combinations thereof are described. The platform may include three distinct functional layers; a core layer, an adaptive layer and an intelligence layer. Furthermore, the platform may include a data block, messaging block, rule block, or combinations thereof. Generally, the platform may facilitate data acquisition, storage, and manipulation between and among clients and data sources in a generic manner. That is, clients may communicate and make requests independent of a target system or database type. The platform may process the communications and requests in a manner suitable to the target system or database type. The platform may also evaluate rules received from the clients in a manner generic to the client application. Instances of the platform for a given application may be efficiently created using a template-based mechanism, for example for supporting a variety of end user applications in a flexible, scalable manner.
A number of external factors can result in limbal stem cell deficiency(LSCD), causing pain, pathological corneal epithelium regeneration, inflammation reaction and seriously visual loss. For patients with unilaterally damaged eye, transplantation of limbal tissue from the healthy eye can be used in the past years in the risk of inducing limbal stem cell damaged in the healthy eye. While graft of human leukocyte antigen matched allogenic limbal stem cells require immune suppressive medications, it can cause side effects in the body. Over the past 10 years, the clinical trials of application of cultured autologous oral mucosal epithelial cell sheet to treat LSCD have been emerged as a promising strategy in many countries. However, little study has been reported in China. This study investigates the therapeutic effects of application autologous oral mucosal epithelial cell sheets in the treatment of limbal stem cell deficiency disease in China.
Group A: 1 ml of 40mg/ml triamcinolone acetonide will be mixed with 1ml of normal saline. 5 units (0.125ml) of the mixture will be given intralesional with the help of 1ml insulin syringe of 40units,covering an area of 0.5X0.5 cm2 of scar. Each extra area of 0.5x0.5cm2 will be given 5 units of injection of above mixture of drugs( maximum dose=2ml). Follow up Injection will be given at 2 weeks interval for total of 6 sessions (at 0,2, 4, 6,8,10 weeks) Post treatment follow up: at 12 weeks.
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) keeps increasing annually worldwide. Non-invasive assessment tools for evaluating the risk and severity of the disease are still limited. Insulin resistance (IR) and abdominal obesity (ABO) are closely related to NAFLD.
METHODS: A retrospective large-scale, population-based study was conducted based on the data from the 2017-2018 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Three ABO indices, namely lipid accumulation product (LAP), visceral obesity index (VAI), waist circumference-triglyceride index (WTI), and three IR indices, including triglyceride glucose index (TyG), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), were analyzed and compared for their relationships with NAFLD based on weighted multivariable logistic regression, spearman correlation heatmap, smooth curve fittings. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic capability of these indices for NAFLD. Differences among the AUCs were calculated and compared by Delong test.
RESULTS: In total, 3095 participants were included in our study among which 1368 adults were diagnosed with NAFLD. All six indices presented positive associations with NAFLD. There was a claw-shaped curve between HOMA-IR, VAI, LAP and NAFLD while a smooth semi-bell curve was observed in TyG, METS-IR and WTI. LAP and HOMA-IR had the best diagnostic capability for NAFLD (LAP: AUC = 0.8, Youden index = 0.48; HOMA-IR: AUC = 0.798, Youden index = 0.472) while VAI (AUC = 0.728, Youden index = 0.361) showed the lowest predictive value. The correlation heat map indicated positive correlations between all six indices and liver function, hepatic steatosis and fibrosis severity. In the NAFLD group, IR indicators presented a stronger association with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) compared with ABO indices.
CONCLUSIONS: All six indices can screen NAFLD withLAP and HOMA-IR being possibly optimal predictors. IR indices may be more sensitive to identify acute hepatic injury in NAFLD patients than ABO indices.
Participants will receive 20 mcg/kg of fentanyl prior to surgical incision, over 20 minutes. The medication will be prepared as described and all research and staff personnel as well as the study participant will be blinded to treatment group assignment.
Three-dimensional sonohysterography is the first point for uterine cavity volume estimation, and it is going to be performed in all participants. The investigators are going to fill the uterine cavity twice by saline solution during single sonohysterography procedure, and acquise the volumetric datasets of uterus for offline analysis. The 3D dataset containing the entire uterine cavity will by analyzed using a personal computer and/or the ultrasound machine with specific softwere.
Study participants who are assigned to the oral aspirin arm of the study will receive 81mg oral aspirin. Over-encapsulated 81mg aspirin tablets will be used. Study participants in this arm will take 81mg aspirin daily for 6 months.
Patients receive pembrolizumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 and paclitaxel IV over 60 minutes on day 1 and 8. Treatment repeats every 21 days for 8 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.