anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Carcinogenesis 

In a p53 (+/-) mouse carcinogenicity study up to the maximum tolerated dose of 100 mg/kg/day, ribavirin was not oncogenic. Ribavirin was also not oncogenic in a rat 2 year carcinogenicity study at doses up to the maximum tolerated dose of 60 mg/kg/day. On a body surface area basis, these doses are approximately 0.5 and 0.6 times the maximum recommended daily human dose of ribavirin, respectively.

Mutagenesis 

Ribavirin demonstrated mutagenic activity in the in vitro mouse lymphoma assay. No clastogenic activity was observed in an in vivo mouse micronucleus assay at doses up to 2000 mg/kg. However, results from studies published in the literature show clastogenic activity in the in vivo mouse micronucleus assay at oral doses up to 2000 mg/kg. A dominant lethal assay in rats was negative, indicating that if mutations occurred in rats they were not transmitted through male gametes.

Impairment of Fertility 

In a fertility study in rats, ribavirin showed a marginal reduction in sperm counts at the dose of 100 mg/kg/day with no effect on fertility. Upon cessation of treatment, total recovery occurred after 1 spermatogenesis cycle. Abnormalities in sperm were observed in studies in mice designed to evaluate the time course and reversibility of ribavirin-induced testicular degeneration at doses of 15 to 150 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.1 to 0.8 times the maximum recommended daily human dose of ribavirin) administered for 3 to 6 months. Upon cessation of treatment, essentially total recovery from ribavirin-induced testicular toxicity was apparent within 1 or 2 spermatogenic cycles.

Female patients of childbearing potential and male patients with female partners of childbearing potential should not receive ribavirin unless the patient and his/her partner are using effective contraception (two reliable forms). Based on a multiple dose half-life (t1/2) of ribavirin of 12 days, effective contraception must be utilized for 6 months post therapy (i.e., 15 half-lives of clearance for ribavirin).

No reproductive toxicology studies have been performed using peginterferon alfa-2a in combination with ribavirin. However, peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin when administered separately, each has adverse effects on reproduction. It should be assumed that the effects produced by either agent alone would also be caused by the combination of the two agents.
Endometriosis (EMs) is a prevalent gynecological disorder characterized by the growth of uterine tissue outside the uterine cavity, causing debilitating symptoms and infertility. Despite its prevalence, the exact mechanisms behind EMs development remain incompletely understood. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the relationship between gut microbiota imbalance and EMs pathogenesis. Recent research indicates that gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in various aspects of EMs, including immune regulation, generation of inflammatory factors, angiopoietin release, hormonal regulation, and endotoxin production. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota can disrupt immune responses, leading to inflammation and impaired immune clearance of endometrial fragments, resulting in the development of endometriotic lesions. The dysregulated microbiota can contribute to the release of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), triggering chronic inflammation and promoting ectopic endometrial adhesion, invasion, and angiogenesis. Furthermore, gut microbiota involvement in estrogen metabolism affects estrogen levels, which are directly related to EMs development. The review also highlights the potential of gut microbiota as a diagnostic tool and therapeutic target for EMs. Interventions such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and the use of gut microbiota preparations have demonstrated promising effects in reducing EMs symptoms. Despite the progress made, further research is needed to unravel the intricate interactions between gut microbiota and EMs, paving the way for more effective prevention and treatment strategies for this challenging condition.
Patients with EBV+ PTLD following solid organ transplant (SOT) who were R/R to rituximab and chemotherapy will receive IV infusion of tabelecleucel at 1-5 × 10\^6 T-cells/kg on Days 1, 8, and 15 and will be observed for 3 weeks. After the observation period, additional courses (2 courses) may have been provided in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Injectible medicines with prolonged activity are prepared by forming a non-aqueous suspension in a vegetable oil of the dry therapeutic product and a hydrophilic substance consisting of a poly-saccharide or a protein substance containing less than one per cent of water but which on contact with water will form a gel, the vegetable oil having an affinity for body tissue and containing less than one per cent of water and the solid ingredients having a particle size small enough to pass through the standard size needle.  Specified therapeutic products are penicillins, streptomycins, bactiracin, eumycin, subtilin, insulins, hormones, vasoconstrictors, and vitamins.  The preferred hydrophilic substance is pectin but cellulose compounds, sodium alginate, and gelatin may be used.  Specified vegetable oils are peanut oil, sesame oil, cotton seed oil, corn oil and soya bean oil.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 describes also the employment of an injectible glycol such as propylene glycol instead of the vegetable oil.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
The intervention group is composed of people who follow a omnivorous diet and who will be part of an intervention program for 16 weeks, consisting of a physical exercise program of strength resistance with 3 sessions per week. Each session will be guided by a physical activity professional and will last from 45 to 50 minutes.
Eravacycline is administered intravenously at a dosage of 1mg/kg, once every 12 hours. The duration of intravenous infusion is approximately 60 minutes.The combined drugs include sulbactam or compound preparations containing sulbactam, polymyxin B, beta-lactam antibiotics, etc., used according to their instructions for use or clinical practice guidelines.
The invention belongs to the biotechnology and the medical field and discloses a new human epididymal specific expression sperm binding protein HEL-45 as well as preparation and application thereof. The invention discloses an amino acid sequence of the HEL-45 protein and provides a recombinant expression vector which carries a DNA sequence used for encoding the protein. The protein is located in the neck region of a mature sperm, and an RT-PCR result indicates that the protein mainly has the highest expression in an epididymis. A band of 47 KD is detected in the epididymis by using Western blot. The HEL-45 protein can be used as a target protein for developing an immunological contraceptive and clinically diagnosing and treating male infertility. A method for detecting a corresponding gene or protein based on development of the HEL-45 protein can be widely used for the research field of reproductive medicine.
1. An analgesic agent tetralgin, comprising analgin, a puric alkaloid, phenobarbital, an opium alkaloid, a magnesium stearate and a starch, characterized in that said agent comprises a caffeine base or benzoate sodium caffeine as a puric alkaloid, also comprises a codeine base or a phosphate codeine as an opium alkaloid with the following ratio of components, wt.%: analgin 71,25-78,75 caffeine base (benzoate sodium caffeine relative to the caffeine base) 11,55-13,43 phenobarbital 2,25-2,75 codeine base (phosphate codeine) 1,80-2,20 magnesium stearate 0,37-0,63 starch the rest 2. A method for preparing said analgesic agent tetralgin comprising mixing the components, humidifying the mass obtained using a starch-containing paste, granulating the same, drying it and shaping it into tablets, characterized in that the method involves mixing a portion of the powdered starch, the analgin, the puric alkaloid and the phenobarbital, preparing the paste from the remaining portion of starch and from the opium alkaloid and humidifying the mass obtained at a temperature of 40 to 60 degree C. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that in the process of mass preparation for tabletting the starch is consumed in the following amounts from a tablet mas, wt.%: powdered starch for preparing tablet mass 6,06-8,49 starch for preparing paste, containing an opium alkaloid 0,19-0,26 4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that a caffeine base or benzoate sodium caffeine are used as a puric alkaloid. 5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that a codeine base or a phosphate codeine are used as an opium alkaloid.
Individuals in the application group will be given individual training on how to use the application through the application demo. Data collection forms will be applied to individuals in the application group on day 0 (Z0), day 14 (Z1) and day 28 (Z2). The forms to be used are: Patient Introduction Form, Insulin Treatment Appraisal Scale, Insulin Therapy Self-Management Scale, Insulin Information Form, Metabolic Control Variables Form, Insulin Injection Skill Observation Form and Digital Literacy Scale.
AIM OF THE STUDY: The primary purpose was to examine sleep difficulties and delirium in the Intensive and Intermediate Care Unit. Secondarily, factors impacting night-time sleep duration and quality, mortality, and the impact of benzodiazepine use on sleep outcomes were investigated.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study encompassed data from 323 intensive and intermediate care unit admissions collected in the Netherlands, spanning from November 2018 to May 2020. Sleep quality was measured using the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire. Night-time sleep duration was nurse-reported. We investigated associations of these sleep outcomes with age, sex, length-of-stay, natural daylight, disease severity, mechanical ventilation, benzodiazepine use, and delirium using Generalized Estimating Equations models. Associations with one-year post-discharge mortality were analyzed using Cox regression.
RESULTS: Night-time sleep duration was short (median 4.5 hours) and sleep quality poor (mean score 4.9/10). Benzodiazepine use was common (24 % of included nights) and was negatively associated with night-time sleep duration and quality (B = -0.558 and -0.533, p <.001). Delirium and overnight transfers were negatively associated with sleep quality (B = -0.716 and -1.831, p <.05). The day-to-night sleep ratio was higher in the three days before delirium onset than in non-delirious individuals (p <.05). Age, disease severity and female sex were associated with increased one-year mortality. Sleep quality was negatively, but not-significantly, associated with mortality (p =.070).
CONCLUSIONS: Night-time sleep in the critical care environment has a short duration and poor quality. Benzodiazepine use was not associated with improved sleep. Sleep patterns change ahead of delirium onset.
IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE: Consistent sleep monitoring should be part of routine nursing practice, using a validated instrument like the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire. Given the lack of proven efficacy of benzodiazepines in promoting sleep in critical care settings, it is vital to develop more effective sleep treatments that include non-benzodiazepine medication and sleep hygiene strategies.
The message will highlight that a vaccine is reserved for the patient, implying that they need to opt-outWill include a prompt to agree to scheduling. The access center will call these patients back to schedule, calling up to 3 times.
This is a multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study to validate the property of a previously established mobile application (APP) \[2\] for estimating risk of intraoperative hypothermia. Patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia will be enrolled consecutively at 30 hospitals, which are randomly selected across China, between June, 2021 and December 2022. The total planned sample size is 3000 cases. Eligible participants will be identified, informed to sign the consent, and flagged at preoperative interview the day prior to the operation. Anesthetics and perioperative temperature management will be chosen at the discretion of the anesthesiologists without intervention. Intraoperative hypothermia risk score of each participant will be calculated by a mobile application of the predictor model \[2\] before surgery. A wireless axillary thermometer \[3\] will be used to continuously measure and record perioperative core temperature as the reference standard. All participants will be followed up until 30 days after the operation.
Valbenazine is a highly potent and selective inhibitor of synaptic vesicular monoamine transporter 2. The current therapeutic doses of valbenazine for tardive dyskinesia (TD) are 40, 60, or 80 mg capsules, given orally, once daily (QD). While 40 and 80 mg were investigated in phase 3 KINECT® 3 trial and initially approved, the approval of valbenazine 60 mg was based on the analysis utilizing the Model-informed drug development (MIDD) approach, facilitated through the US Food and Drug Administration's MIDD Pilot Program. This study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of 60 mg QD dose through model simulations using an established exposure-response (E-R) relationship between valbenazine active metabolite [+]-α-dihydrotetrabenazine exposure and the change from baseline in Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale total score (AIMS-CFB). A longitudinal E-R model was constructed based on the 40 and 80 mg data from the KINECT 3 trial. The final Emax model adequately predicted dose-dependent improvement in the primary endpoint and was used to interpolate AIMS-CFB for 60 mg at week 6. The efficacy of the unstudied 60 mg dose regimen is expected to be within the range of doses studied clinically with predicted mean AIMS-CFB (95% confidence interval) of -2.69 (-3.30, -2.13) between observed mean AIMS-CFB for 40 mg of -1.92 and 80 mg of -3.39. Results from this analysis provided the key evidence to establish efficacy of 60 mg QD without the need for an additional clinical trial. The availability of valbenazine 60 mg dose fills an existing medical need for patients with TD who could benefit from this third effective dose.
FIELD: medicine, gastroenterology, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a composition that can be used for regulation of secretory stomach activity. Composition is made as a solid medicinal form, for example, tablet which has a core containing therapeutically effective amount of famotidine and special additions. Core is covered with polymeric envelope based on cellulose ether. Special additions have the following composition, mas. p. p. /1 mas. p. of famotidine: lactose, 3.20-4.30; starch, 1.70-2.45; aerosil, 0.08-0.12; talc, 0.03-0.05; stearate, 0.02-0.05. Method of preparing the composition involves mixing famotidine with starch, aerosil and lactose followed by wetting the mixture with glue paste, granulation, drying wet granulate, repeated granulation. Then the prepared dry granules are powdered with a mixture of starch, talc and stearate, tableted and polymeric envelope is applied on prepared cores. The proposed medicinal form of famotidine does not show negative organoleptic properties and satisfies for all requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia XI Edition. EFFECT: simplified technology of famotidine medicinal form preparing, improved method. 7 cl, 1 tbl, 3 ex
Pregnancy Category C. There are no well-controlled trials in pregnant women treated with clindamycin phosphate and tretinoin gel. Clindamycin phosphate and tretinoin gel should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Clindamycin phosphate and tretinoin gel was tested for maternal and developmental toxicity in New Zealand White Rabbits with topical doses of 60, 180 and 600 mg/kg/day. Clindamycin phosphate and tretinoin gel at 600 mg/kg/day (approximately 12 times the recommended clinical dose assuming 100% absorption and based on body surface area comparison) was considered to be the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for maternal and developmental toxicity following dermal administration of clindamycin phosphate and tretinoin gel for two weeks prior to artificial insemination and continuing until gestation day 18, inclusive. For purposes of comparisons of the animal exposure to human exposure, the recommended clinical dose is defined as 1 g of clindamycin phosphate and tretinoin gel applied daily to a 60 kg person.

Clindamycin

Teratology (Segment II) studies using clindamycin were performed orally in rats (up to 600 mg/kg/day) and mice (up to 100 mg/kg/day) (583 and 49 times amount of clindamycin in the recommended clinical dose based on a body surface area comparison, respectively) or with subcutaneous doses of clindamycin up to 180 mg/kg/day (175 and 88 times the amount of clindamycin in the recommended clinical dose based on a body surface area comparison, respectively) revealed no evidence of teratogenicity.

Tretinoin 

In oral Segment III studies in rats with tretinoin, decreased survival of neonates and growth retardation were observed at doses in excess of 2 mg/kg/day (~ 78 times the recommended clinical dose assuming 100% absorption and based on body surface area comparison).

With widespread use of any drug, a small number of birth defect reports associated temporally with the administration of the drug would be expected by chance alone. Thirty cases of temporally associated congenital malformations have been reported during two decades of clinical use of another formulation of topical tretinoin. Although no definite pattern of teratogenicity and no causal association have been established from these cases, 5 of the reports describe the rare birth defect category, holoprosencephaly (defects associated with incomplete midline development of the forebrain). The significance of these spontaneous reports in terms of risk to the fetus is not known.

Dermal tretinoin has been shown to be fetotoxic in rabbits when administered in doses 40 times the recommended human clinical dose based on a body surface area comparison. Oral tretinoin has been shown to be fetotoxic in rats when administered in doses 78 times the recommended clinical dose based on a body surface area comparison.
Any episode of acute symptomatic hyperammonemia should be treated as a life-threatening emergency. Uncontrolled hyperammonemia can rapidly result in brain damage or death, and prompt use of all therapies necessary, including hemodialysis, to reduce ammonia levels is essential.

Hyperammonemic coma (regardless of cause) in the newborn infant should be aggressively treated while the specific diagnosis is pursued. Hemodialysis should be promptly initiated in all newborn patients. A blood flow rate of 150 mL/min/m2 should be targeted (ammonia clearance [mL/min] is similar to the blood flow rate [mL/min] through the dialyzer). Clearance of ammonia is approximately ten times greater by hemodialysis than by peritoneal dialysis or hemofiltration. Exchange transfusion is ineffective in the management of hyperammonemia. Hemodialysis may be repeated until the plasma ammonia level is stable at normal or near normal levels.

Hyperammonemia due to urea cycle disorders should be managed in coordination with medical personnel experienced in metabolic disorders. Ongoing monitoring of plasma ammonia levels, neurological status, laboratory tests, and clinical response in patients receiving Sodium Phenylacetate and Sodium Benzoate Injection, 10%/10% is crucial to assess patient response to treatment.
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to organise data on complications following total hip replacement (THA) over a span of 10 years, specifically focussing on cases that necessitated revision endoprosthetic surgeries. The objective is to create a recommendation for an All-Ukrainian registry of initial and repeated hip arthroplasty (HA) and standardise the terminology used to define "revision of total hip replacement surgery".
METHODS: The retrospective analysis examined 236 instances of revision hip arthroplasty (rTHA) performed at the Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics Centre between January 2005 and December 2021. The primary factors for revision were identified through an analysis of the patient's medical records, laboratory results, visual inspection, and the state of the previously implanted prosthesis. Demographic information, primary and revision HA dates, diagnoses, and causes of complications were recorded. The statistical analysis was conducted using the Statistica package (StatSoft), version 12.6 (2015), with a significance level of p < 0.05.
RESULTS: Out of the 364 patients who were diagnosed with complications, 236 of them (55.17%) needed a procedure called 1rTHA. Among these cases, 152 (41.76%) were specifically diagnosed with aseptic component instability. Significant factors for mechanical loosening were a high body mass index (BMI ≥ 30) and older age, with respective t-values of 2.08 (p = 0.004) and 2.59 (p = 0.045). Osteoporosis significantly contributed to aseptic loosening and fractures around the implant. The occurrence of infectious complications was frequently linked to chronic infectious diseases (t = 3.37, p = 0.001). The overall percentage of need for 2rTHA was 27.22% (43 cases), with one case of infectious lesion following the revision.
CONCLUSIONS: The study emphasises the urgent requirement for standardised terminology and a comprehensive registry for hip arthroplasty procedures. Primary results indicate that cement-free fixation is more effective than cement-based fixation for revision in patients with aseptic instability and that two-stage arthroplasty is effective for treating infectious inflammation. Furthermore, the most effective treatment for femoral fractures with periprosthetic involvement was determined to be open repositioning and osteosynthesis with metal retainers. The aforementioned observations emphasise the need to create a comprehensive registry across Ukraine to support patient care, enable evidence-based practices, and enhance the overall effectiveness of hip arthroplasty operations.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
The program consisted of: 1) Educational program about COPD. This educational program was carried-out by a respiratory nurse in two 30-minute speeches to the patient and career, once at their inclusion in the program and again 1 year later. 2) Training in using the device (smart phone) that supported the telemonitoring. 3) Daily phone calls to make self-confident the patient during the first week. Afterwards the phone calls were established according to the capacity of the patient to manage on their own.
Cosmetic or dermatological compsn. is a powder, obtd. from an oil-in-water emulsion by homogenisation and dehydration. The emulsion contains a structural and emulsifying agent, at least one fatty material, at least one cosmetic or dermatologically active agent and an aq. phase. The powder is capable of being reconstituted, by hydration, to the emulsion.