anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an appetite-inhibiting agent containing as an active ingredient a product obtained by hydrolyzing the fruit body of Pleurotus ostreatus to cleave the glucose chains of glucoproteins originated the Pleurotus ostreatus, and having an excellent appetite-inhibiting action. SOLUTION: This appetite-inhibiting agent contains as an active ingredient a product which is obtained by hydrolyzing a component (A), (B) or (C) with an acid, an alkali or a glucose chain-cleaving enzyme to cleave the glucose chains of glucoproteins originated from Pleurotus ostreatus and containing in the component A, B or C. The hydrolysis using trifluoromethane sulfonic acid is preferable among the hydrolyses using the acid or the alkali. The glucose chain-cleaving enzyme is preferably an enzyme such as N-glycanase. The component A is an extract solution obtained by extracting Pleurotus ostreatus fruit body, its crushed product or ground product, its dried product or dry ground product, the concentrated solution or dried product of the extract solution with water, physiological salt water or an aqueous solution containing <=20 pts.wt. of a polar organic solvent.  The component B is precipitates obtained by salting out the component A or subjecting the component A to a precipitation treatment using a polar organic solvent or the dried product of the precipitates. The component C is a fraction obtained by subjecting the component B to a chromatography fractionation, the concentration solution or dried product of the fraction.
This group will consist of 35 primiparous pregnant women. No training program will be given to this group and routine pregnant follow-up will continue.
The participants in Zolpidem group will receive 10 milligrams zolpidem contained in white-color opaque medicine capsule prepared by the pharmacist. The participants will be advised to take the medication 30 minutes prior to the bedtime until the 1-week follow up visit.
Biologically active peptides which can be used orally or topically to improve the smoothness of the skin and prevent muscle fatigue, are isolated by decomposing the skeletal and/or intestinal muscle of an animal of the deer family (pref. reindeer) with a protease, pref. for 1-4 hrs. at 40-50 degrees C, to form a low mol wt peptide product; dissolving the soluble portion of the product in an aq. hydrophilic solvent, pref. aq. EtOH; subjecting the soln to a sepn. process with a molecular sieve gel or an ion-exchanger resin, and collecting the sepd. active fractions, pref. those with a positive buiret reaction.
The aim of this study was to investigate the anatomical and physiological ocular parameters in adolescents with myopia and to examine the relations between refractive error (SER), ocular biometry, body size and flexibility parameters in myopic adolescents. A cross-sectional study of 184 myopic adolescents, aged 15 to 19 years was conducted. Refractive error and corneal curvature measures of the eye were evaluated using an autorefractometer under cycloplegia. Central corneal thickness was determined by contact pachymetry. The ocular axial length, anterior and vitreous chamber depth, and lens thickness were measured using A-scan biometry ultrasonography. Height and body weight were measured according to a standardized protocol. Body mass index (BMI) was subsequently calculated. Beighton scale was used to measure joint flexibility. Body stature was positively correlated with ocular axial length (r = 0.39, p < 0.001) and vitreous chamber depth (r = 0.37, p < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between height and SER (r = - 0.46; p < 0.001). Beighton score and body weight had weak positive correlations with axial length and vitreous chamber depth, and a weak negative correlation with SER. A significantly more negative SER was observed in the increased joint mobility group (p < 0.05; U = 5065.5) as compared to normal joint mobility group: mean - 4.37 ± 1.85 D (median - 4.25; IQR - 6.25 to - 3.25 D) and mean - 3.72 ± 1.66 D (median - 3.50; IQR - 4.75 to - 2.25 D) respectively. There was a strong association between height and axial length, as well as SER. Higher degree of myopia significantly correlated with greater Beighton score (increased joint mobility).
INTRODUCTION: The Individualized Neuromuscular Quality of Life Questionnaire (INQoL) is used to measure quality of life in neuromuscular disorders such as non-dystrophic myotonia (NDM). Here we report methods to estimate utilities, with a focus on NDM, from this questionnaire based on two preference elicitation exercises.
METHODS: Eight items from the INQoL were selected with input from three neuromuscular disorder clinical experts with expertise in treating NDM. A discrete choice experiment (DCE) survey of UK general public respondents (n = 508) described outcomes defined by the INQoL items. The same 8 items were also valued using time trade-off (TTO) face-to-face interviews (n = 200). A hybrid regression modelling approach combined both datasets to inform the utility weights.
RESULTS: Hybrid modelling of DCE and TTO data in conjunction improved out-of-sample predictive accuracy. The selected INQoL utility model indicates substantial disutility associated with all eight dimensions of health, with the greatest losses associated with subjective items such as pain and depression.
DISCUSSION: The hybrid modelling approach allows us to combine data from the two methodologies and maximize the information from each to inform the utility weights for the INQoL. The TTO is the more conventional valuation method, but combined with the larger DCE study produced better descriptive coverage. This is a relatively novel method for estimating weights which we think is particularly well suited to economic evaluations of orphan drugs.
We developed a composite symptom score (CSS) representing disease-related symptom burden over time in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Longitudinal data were collected from an open-label Phase IIB study in which 239 patients completed the validated MD Anderson Symptom Inventory for MPM (MDASI-MPM). A blinded, independent review committee of external patient-reported outcomes experts advised on MDASI-MPM symptoms to include in the CSS. Through iterative analyses of potential symptom-item combinations, 5 MPM symptoms (pain, fatigue, shortness of breath, muscle weakness, coughing) were selected. The CSS correlated strongly with the full MDASI-MPM symptom set (0.92-0.94) and the Lung Cancer Symptom Scale-Mesothelioma (0.79-0.87) at each co-administration of the scales. The CSS also had good sensitivity to worsening disease and global quality-of-life ratings. The MDASI-MPM CSS can be used as an outcome in MPM clinical trials, including in responder analyses and at the individual patient level. It is brief enough to administer frequently, including electronically, to better capture symptom trajectories during and after a trial and in clinical practice. As a single score, the CSS addresses multiplicity issues that can arise when several symptoms increase due to worsening disease. Our process can be adapted to produce a CSS for other advanced-cancer trials.
Abdominal visceral pain is a predominant symptom in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP); however, the underlying mechanism of pain in CP remains elusive. We hypothesized that astrocytes in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVH) contribute to CP pain pathogenesis. A mouse model of CP was established by repeated intraperitoneal administration of caerulein to induce abdominal visceral pain. Abdominal mechanical stimulation, open field and elevated plus maze tests were performed to assess visceral pain and anxiety-like behavior. Fiber photometry, brain slice Ca2+ imaging, electrophysiology, and immunohistochemistry were used to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Mice with CP displayed long-term abdominal mechanical allodynia and comorbid anxiety, which was accompanied by astrocyte glial fibrillary acidic protein reactivity, elevated Ca2+ signaling, and astroglial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) deficits in the PVH. Specifically, reducing astrocyte Ca2+ signaling in the PVH via chemogenetics significantly rescued GLT-1 deficits and alleviated mechanical allodynia and anxiety in mice with CP. Furthermore, we found that GLT-1 deficits directly contributed to the hyperexcitability of VGLUT2PVH neurons in mice with CP, and that pharmacological activation of GLT-1 alleviated the hyperexcitability of VGLUT2PVH neurons, abdominal visceral pain, and anxiety in these mice. Taken together, our data suggest that dysfunctional astrocyte glutamate uptake in the PVH contributes to visceral pain and anxiety in mice with CP, highlighting GLT-1 as a potential therapeutic target for chronic pain in patients experiencing CP.
The primary aim of this study is to determine how prenatal exposure to malaria influences development of humoral and cellular immune responses to malaria blood stage antigens from birth to 3 years of age. In addition, the study will determine the risk factors and mechanisms associated with congenital malaria or exposure of the fetus to malaria blood stage antigens, assess how prenatal exposure to malaria affects susceptibility to malaria infection during infancy, and evaluate how perinatal exposure to malaria affects growth and development during infancy. A primary goal of this research will be to examine a cohort of infants from birth to 36 months of age; the predictive value of allele-specific invasion inhibitory antibodies to Merozoite Surface Protein 1 (MSP1) and antibody titers to MSP1 will be evaluated with respect to type and magnitude of neonatal cellular and humoral immune response to MSP1. An understanding of natural immunity to MSP1, and the influence of prenatal exposure, may be critical to informed interpretation of immunologic, parasitologic, and clinical endpoints of vaccine trials using blood stage antigens that will be ultimately directed to infants and children. Healthy adult pregnant women (greater than or equal to 15 years of age) and their healthy offspring (beginning at birth) will be followed until they are 36 months old. Newborns will be examined at birth and at 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months of age. Enrollment will occur at time of first visit to the antenatal clinic during the second trimester when peripheral blood, stool, and urine samples will be obtained from each pregnant woman. A finger stick blood sample will be obtained from the mothers at each subsequent antenatal visit to assess the presence of malaria during pregnancy. An ultrasound examination will be done on the mothers at the initial antenatal visit to assess gestational age and at 26-30 weeks to assure proper growth and development of fetus and to screen for any potential problems. At delivery venous and finger stick blood, stool, and urine will be obtained from the mother. Umbilical cord and placental blood, and a placental biopsy will be obtained, and thereafter infants will be followed every 6 months (plus or minus 2 months). A physical examination of infants will be done and peripheral blood, stool, and urine will be obtained from infants. The study population will also include about 20 healthy adult North American control subjects with no malaria exposure or infection and about 40 adult Kenyans who either have been exposed to malaria or have asymptomatic malaria infection.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small B-cell lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) are thought to be different manifestations of the same disease. Treatment options for CLL/SLL range from a watch and wait approach to bone marrow transplant. Currently there is no consensus on the best treatment regimen and new approaches to treatment are needed.

EL625 is a 20-mer antisense molecule which binds to a coding region of exon 10 in p53 RNA transcripts. It can bind to both mutant and wild type p53. p53 is involved in regulating apoptosis and DNA repair in cells. When genetic damage occurs p53 is upregulated. As the expression of p53 increases in normal cells they are more likely to undergo apoptosis rather than cell cycle arrest and DNA repair. However in malignant cells, for a given level of DNA damage they are more likely to undergo cell cycle arrest and repair rather than apoptosis. Because EL625 is theorized to increase response to chemotherapy, we propose adding EL625 to a combination of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab.
BACKGROUND: Prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) after megaprosthesis implantation are associated with high rates of treatment failure and amputation. Our study analyzed PJI treatment success rates by surgical strategy and assessed risks of reinfection and amputation.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of patients diagnosed with PJI after undergoing megaprosthesis implantation for oncologic indications. The 2011 Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria were used to define PJI. Reinfection, reoperation, and amputation for PJI recurrence were assessed. A total of 67 patients with megaprosthesis PJIs were included. There were fourteen patients who were treated with debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR), 31 with DAIR plus (DAIR with modular component exchange and stem retention), and 21 with two-stage revisions. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used for survival analyses and Cox proportional hazards for risk factor analyses.
RESULTS: The two-year reinfection-free survival was 25% for DAIR and 60% for DAIR plus or two-stage revision (P = .049). The five-year amputation-free survival was 84% for DAIR plus or two-stage revision, and 48% for DAIR (P = .13). Reinfection-free, reoperation-free, and amputation-free survival were similar between DAIR plus and two-stage revision at the 2- and 5-year marks. Body mass index ≥30 (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.65) and chronic kidney disease (HR = 11.53) were risk factors for reinfection. Treatment with DAIR plus or two-stage revision (HR = 0.44) was a protective factor against reinfection.
CONCLUSIONS: A DAIR was associated with high rates of treatment failure and higher amputation rates than DAIR plus or 2-stage surgery. A DAIR plus was not inferior to 2-stage revision clearing a PJI and might be performed in patients who cannot withstand two-stage revision surgery.
The invention discloses a method for preparing radix puerariae algae health drink. The method comprises the following steps: (1), extracting radix puerariae juice; (2), extracting algae liquid; (3), mixing and blending; (4), centrifugal-filtrating; (5), sterilizing and cooling. The puerarin purity of radix puerariae extracted by a subcritical extraction method is higher, and the utilization rate is high. The prepared drink is light yellow, transparent and uniform and has delicate flavors of radix puerariae and algae, fresh mouth-feel, moderate acidity and no foreign smell, feed liquid is clear, and visible precipitation impurities do not exist. The drink has a curative effect of lowering blood pressure. The raw materials of the drink are medicine-food-supplying traditional Chinese medicine and fruits, are safe, and have no toxic or side effects.
BACKGROUND: A post-operative pancreatic fistula is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. We compared two methods of reconstruction of pancreaticojejunal anastomosis, an isolated loop with a single loop, to assess their effects on the incidence and severity of fistula.
METHODS: The data was collected in an ambispective manner. The drain fluid was sent for amylase measurement on post-operative day 3 and a fistula was defined and classified according to the 2016 modification of the International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery definition. The patients were divided into the isolated (Group I) and single (Group II) loop groups and compared for the incidence and severity of clinically relevant fistula along with other parameters.
RESULTS: A total of 349 (Group I: 201, Group II: 148) patients were included in the study. The incidence of clinically relevant fistula was comparable (p = 0.206). Grade C fistula was found to be lower in the group I (7 % vs 11.6 %, p = 0.137), in patients with a soft pancreas (8.5 % vs 18.3 %, p = 0.049) and pancreatic duct diameter less than 5 mm (9.8 % vs 17.2 %, p = 0.036). The operative time was lower in Group I than in Group II (438 min vs 478, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: We found that the incidence of clinically relevant fistula was similar in both the groups but the isolated reconstruction method reduced the incidence of severe fistula. In patients with a smaller pancreatic duct, soft pancreas echotexture and obesity, it provides a safer alternative and can be performed in less time than a single loop reconstruction.
The present disclosure provides isolated monoclonal antibodies that specifically bind to LAG3 with high affinity, particularly human monoclonal antibodies. Preferably, the antibodies bind human LAG3. In certain embodiments, the antibodies bind both human and monkey LAG3 but do not bind mouse LAG3. The invention provides anti -LAG3 antibodies that can inhibit the binding of LAG3 to MHC Class II molecules and that can stimulate antigen-specific T cell responses. Nucleic acid molecules encoding the antibodies of the invention, expression vectors, host cells and methods for expressing the antibodies of the invention are also provided. Immunoconjugates, bispecific molecules and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the antibodies of the invention are also provided. This disclosure also provides methods for stimulating an immune response, as well as methods for treating cancer using an anti-LAG3 antibody of the invention.
The Nipah Virus (NiV) was discovered in 1999 in the Sungai Nipah region of Malaysia. It is one of many emerging bat-borne zoonotic viruses that threaten global health security. The Pteropus fruit bats are identified as the natural reservoirs for the virus. NiV belongs to the family of Paramyxoviridae and is mostly present in locations surrounded by water, vegetation, and controlled or protected religious areas. To date, cases of NiV have been identified in Southeast Asian regions, with the highest number of cases in Bangladesh, totalling 305, with a fatality rate of 65%. The highest mortality has been observed in the Indian region, at 73%. NiV is an emerging zoonotic disease that needs to be focused on. The median incubation period is 9.5 days and the clinical features primarily lead to either progressive encephalitis or Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.The diagnosis is conducted in Bio-safety level 3 or level 4 labs through Polymerase chain reaction. Human nasal swabs, throat swabs, urine, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are collected for diagnostic purposes. At present, there is no approved treatment or vaccine for the prevention of the disease. However, research on a vaccine against NiV is being investigated, and a subunit vaccine with NiV-G protein is found to produce potential efficacy. An outbreak in Kerala, a state in India, led to the implementation of an action plan involving lead agencies to combat the sudden surge of the virus. In the current scenario, appropriate preventive strategies are more effective in controlling the virus. However, emphasis should be placed on affordable and efficient diagnostic methods, treatment options, and vaccines to better manage the virus, considering the highest fatality caused by the virus.
The ESPB was performed using the landmarks described by Vadera et al. (5). Before initiating the block procedure, the spinous process of the T4 vertebra and a point situated 3 cm to its side are marked at the appropriate level. The needle was inserted perpendicularly to the skin and advanced in all planes until it contacts the vertebra's transverse process. The depth at which the thoracic vertebra's transverse process lies from the skin can vary, ranging from 2 to 4 cm, contingent upon the individual's physique. The needle tip was positioned between the erector spinae muscle and the transverse process. The volume of local anesthetics was injected in this plane.
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition for enhancing skin tone and elasticity is provided to maximally increase regeneration and purification abilities of the skin cells. CONSTITUTION: A cosmetic composition includes oxygen dissolved water as an active ingredient. The vegetable extract containing seaweeds extract or sulforaphane are included as an active ingredient. 0.1-80 weight% of the oxygen dissolved water is included based on the total weight. 0.001-10 weight% of the seaweeds extract is included based on the total weight. 0.001-10 weight% of the vegetable extract is included based on the total weight of the composition. The oxygen dissolved water contains 20-200 ppm of dissolved oxygen. The oxygen dissolved water is manufactured by injecting oxygen into deep sea water, glacier, subsurface water, thermal waters or distilled water using an oxygenator for 1-10 times for 10-120 minutes at the pressure of 1-10kg/cm2. The macroalgae is algae, rhodophyta, and fucoxanthin or micro alga. The Macroalgae is horsetail kelp or Spirulina.
More than 300 million major operations are performed worldwide each year, and older patients account for about a third of elective operations. Compared with young people, the elderly are more prone to postoperative complications due to age-related degeneration of the physiological functions of various organs and tissues. Postoperative pulmonary complications, including pneumonia, atelectasis, and respiratory failure, are common. Even mild pulmonary complications can lead to the prolonged hospital stay and increased postoperative mortality.

Although there have been many studies on postoperative lung complications, there have been few studies on elderly patients. In our country, the real incidence data of elderly patients after a perioperative period of pulmonary complications, the lack of effective prevention, intervention measures, and targeted prevention and treatment technology, these reasons lead to the clinical diagnosis and treatment of elderly patients after a perioperative period of pulmonary complications are very difficult. Therefore, the research team intends to verify the established prediction model of postoperative pulmonary complications and compare the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications in elderly patients before and after using the prediction model.
In vitro antiviral activity of saquinavir was assessed in lymphoblastoid and monocytic cell lines and in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Saquinavir inhibited HIV activity in both acutely and chronically infected cells. IC50 and IC90 values (50% and 90% inhibitory concentrations) were in the range of 1 to 30 nM and 5 to 80 nM, respectively. In the presence of 40% human serum, the mean IC50 of saquinavir against laboratory strain HIV-1 RF in MT4 cells was 37.7± 5 nM representing a 4-fold increase in the IC50 value. In cell culture, saquinavir demonstrated additive to synergistic effects against HIV-1 in combination with reverse transcriptase inhibitors (didanosine, lamivudine, nevirapine, stavudine and zidovudine) without enhanced cytotoxicity. Saquinavir in combination with the protease inhibitors amprenavir, atazanavir, or lopinavir resulted in synergistic antiviral activity. Saquinavir displayed antiviral activity in vitro against HIV-1 clades A-H (IC50 ranged from 0.9 to 2.5 nM). The IC50 and IC90 values of saquinavir against HIV-2 isolates in vitro ranged from 0.25 nM to 14.6 nM and 4.65 nM to 28.6 nM, respectively.