anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Spine surgery has increased substantially in the U.S. during the past decade, with an estimated 100,000 patients undergoing cervical procedures annually. As the demographics of an aging population begin to increase their utilization of healthcare resources, surgeons will undoubtedly be faced with an increasing number of high-risk patients. A number of factors including smoking, obesity, and diabetes significantly contribute to surgical complications following spinal arthrodesis. Nicotine has a direct inhibitory effect on autologous cancellous bone graft revascularization, significantly increasing the rate of bony non-union. Similarly, obesity has been demonstrated to represent a significant risk factor for subsequent pseudoarthrosis and has been linked to nearly a 100% higher in-hospital complication rate. Spine instrumentation in the setting of diabetes has been linked to reduced incidence of bony fusion, increased surgical site infection9, and higher hospital costs.

Achieving solid bony fusion following cervical arthrodesis has long been considered the most important primary outcome measure and is highly correlated with patient reported outcome measures. Non-union or pseudoarthrosis following cervical instrumentation can lead to persistent neck pain and/or recurrence of myeloradiculopathy. The incidence of bony fusion is affected by both patient systemic factors and local biologic environment. Significant resources have been invested into studying local environment following spinal arthrodesis, with a particular focus on high-risk patients. Animal studies have suggested diabetes is a significant risk factor for disc degeneration, yet corresponding human studies are lacking. Understanding the mechanism by which diabetes contributes to disc degeneration is the first requisite step in designing therapies to prevent diabetes associated disc degeneration.
The present invention discloses capsule medicine for fat elimination and liver protection and a preparation method thereof. The medicine is prepared from the components of the following weight proportioning: 59 to 74% of turmeric root tuber, 15 to 25% of red peony root and 13 to 15% of tuckahoe. The preparation method comprises the following steps: tuckahoe fine powder, turmeric root tuber decoction pieces and red peony root decoction pieces are prepared; alcohol is added to the turmeric root tuber decoction pieces, and the reflux extraction of the turmeric root tuber decoction pieces is carried out for 2 times. The first time extraction of the turmeric root tuber decoction pieces is carried for 2 hours, and the addition amount of alcohol is 8 times larger than that of the turmeric root tuber decoction pieces. The second time extraction of the turmeric root tuber decoction pieces is carried out for 1 hour, and the addition amount of alcohol is 6 times larger than that of the turmeric root tuber decoction pieces. Extracting solutions are combined for being filtrated, alcohol in a filtered solution is recovered, and a turmeric root tuber extract is obtained; a red peony root water extract is prepared; tuckahoe fine powder, turmeric powder and the red peony root water extract are jointly and uniformly stirred and processed through drying under reduced pressure at 80 DEG C, pulverization, granulation, granule finishing and packing, and the capsule medicine of the present invention is prepared. The capsule has a favorable curative effect on the prevention and the cure of hepatic adipose infiltration, posthepatitic cirrhosis and liver cancers, and has a favorable effect on hepatic dysfunction, hepatic fibrosis and hepatic cirrhosis caused by hepatic adipose infiltration accompanied with hyperlipoidemia. The capsule can postpone, block and resist the disease course progression from hepatic adipose infiltration (hepatitis) to hepatic fibrosis to hepatic cirrhosis to a.
Patients will receive of oral Ondansetron 4mg BD for 28 days followed by 28 days of placebo. It will be one week of washout between the two treatments.
In the first stage of data collection, the information in the "Mother-Preterm Introductory Information Form" study and control groups before colostrum administration, and the information in "Preterm Follow-up Form" including questions related to physiological parameters, body measurements and nutrition will be obtained. In the second stage, oral colostrum, will be administered once every 3 hours and for at least 5 days until the newborn begins oral feeding. In accordance with the oral colostrum protocol, a total of 0.2ml colostrum will be administered in approximately 1 minute for infants weighing between 1001-1500 g. The third stage, the effectiveness of the first breastfeeding will be evaluated by the observers in experimental group using the Bristol Breastfeeding Assessment Tool. In the last stage, one week after the first breastfeeding sucking / breastfeeding experience will be evaluated again.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine for treating diabetes mellitus. The traditional Chinese medicine is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicinal herbs by weight: 20-40g of raw astragalus membranaceus, 10-20g of epimedium, 25-35 parts of radix paeoniae alba, 5-15 parts of licorice root, 5-15g of kudzu vine root, 5-15g of fructus mume, 3-6g of coptis chinensis, 8-15g of dendrobe, 8-15g of scrophulariae and 25-40g of taxus chinensis. The traditional Chinese medicinal herbs are dried and then decocted with water for taking. The traditional Chinese medicine is mainly used for nourishing qi and yin, activating blood circulation to remove stasis, tonifying spleen and kidneys and removing toxicity when used for treatment. The medicinal materials take spleen and kidneys nourishing and qi-yin tonifying as root causes and blood activating, qi promoting and toxicity removing as symptoms to play effects of nourishing both qi and yin, activating blood circulation and lowering blood sugar. All materials are natural, and do not have toxic or side effect, so that the traditional Chinese medicine is suitable for broad diabetes mellitus patients.
Optimised dose of rifampicin and moxifloxacin. The rifampicin 35mg/kg and moxifloxacin 400mg alongside standard weight-banded doses of isoniazid and pyrazinamide, once daily.
APTIVUS co-administered with ritonavir at the recommended dose is a net inhibitor of CYP3A and may increase plasma concentrations of agents that are primarily metabolized by CYP3A. Thus, co-administration of APTIVUS/ritonavir with drugs highly dependent on CYP3A for clearance and for which elevated plasma concentrations are associated with serious and/or life-threatening events is contraindicated [see Contraindications (4)]. Co-administration with other CYP3A substrates may require a dose adjustment or additional monitoring [see Drug Interactions (7)].

Clinically significant drug-drug interactions of APTIVUS co-administered with ritonavir are summarized in Table 4 below.

A phenotypic cocktail study was conducted with 16 healthy volunteers to quantify the influence of 10 days of APTIVUS/ritonavir capsule administration on the activity of hepatic CYP1A2 (caffeine), 2C9 (warfarin), 2C19 (omeprazole), 2D6 (dextromethorphan) and the activity of intestinal and hepatic CYP3A4/5 (midazolam) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) (digoxin). This study determined the first-dose and steady-state effects of 500 mg of APTIVUS co-administered with 200 mg of ritonavir twice daily in capsule form.

There was no net effect on CYP2C9 or hepatic P-gp at first dose or steady state. There was no net effect after first dose on CYP1A2, but there was moderate induction at steady state. There was modest inhibition of CYP2C19 at the first dose, but there was marked induction at steady state. Potent inhibition of CYP2D6 and both hepatic and intestinal CYP3A4/5 activities were observed after first dose and steady state.

Intestinal and hepatic P-gp activity was assessed by administering oral and intravenous digoxin, respectively. The digoxin results indicate P-gp was inhibited after the first dose of APTIVUS/ritonavir followed by induction of P-gp over time. Thus, it is difficult to predict the net effect of APTIVUS administered with ritonavir on oral bioavailability and plasma concentrations of drugs that are dual substrates of CYP3A and P-gp. The net effect will vary depending on the relative affinity of the co-administered drugs for CYP3A and P-gp, and the extent of intestinal first-pass metabolism/efflux. An in vitro induction study in human hepatocytes showed an increase in UGT1A1 by tipranavir similar to that evoked by rifampin. The clinical consequences of this finding have not been established.
1,164,585. α - (3 - Benzoylphenyl) alkanoic acid derivatives. RHONE-POULENC S.A. 26 Jan., 1968 [27 Jan., 1967; 15 Dec., 1967], No. 4326/68. Heading C2C. Novel compounds of formula and salts thereof wherein R is H or C 1-4  alkyl, R 1  is H or C 1-4  alkylthio and R 2  is H, OH or methoxy including the DL, L and D forms when R is alkyl, are prepared by one of the following methods; (a) by hydrolysing and decarboxylating a compound of general Formula II wherein R 3  and R 4  are C 1-4  alkyl; (b) by oxidation of a compound of Formula VII or (c) by hydrolysis of a compound of general Formula IV and optionally followed in all cases by salt formation. Cyanoesters of Formula II above are prepared by alkylation of a compound of formula which is itself prepared by reaction of a compound IV above with an alkyl carbonate of formula R 4 O.CO.OR 4 . Benzoylphenylacetonitriles of Formula IV above are prepared by action of an alkalimetal cyanide on a 3-halomethylbenzophenone of formula which is itself prepared by halogenation of the corresponding methyl compound. Benzylphenylalkanoic acids of Formula VII above are prepared by desulphurization of a thioxanthone of formula which may be obtained in optically active forms by resolution via the α-phenylethylamine salt after formation of the racemate by cyclization of a diphenyl sulphide of formula which is itself prepared from 2-iodobenzoic acid and a thiophenol of formula prepared by the action of potassium ethylxanthate on the diazonium salt of an amine of formula Pharmaceutical compositions in conventional forms for oral, rectal, topical or parenteral administration and having anti-inflammatory activity comprise an above novel compound or salt and one or more carriers or diluents therefor.
Lenalidomide maintenance therapy will start within 60 to 180 days after allogeneic HCT at a starting dose of 10mg PO once daily. Dose escalation and de-escalation are performed depending on tolerability of lenalidomide. The dose range is 5mg every other day and 5 to 25 mg daily from days 1-21 followed by 7 days of rest for 12 cycles (each cycle 28 days).
AIMS: This review aims to identify the evidence base for the consequences of over and undertreatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a frail population.
METHOD: In this systematic review, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library for studies from January 2001 to 15th August 2022. We included a variety of study types that assessed and reported frailty including patients ≥18 years old. Studies included those that reported the prevalence of over or undertreatment of diabetes mellitus in a frail population and those examining outcomes related to glucose control in frail older people living with diabetes. Data were extracted using a bespoke extraction table using a narrative synthesis approach.
RESULTS: A total of 4114 articles were identified with 112 meeting inclusion criteria. These included 15,130 participants across the 11 studies with sample sizes ranging from 101 to 11,140. Several areas were identified in the included studies where under or overtreatment of diabetes impacted outcomes for patients. These included hospital admissions, readmissions, length of stay, falls, mortality, cognitive impairment and cardiovascular disease outcomes.
CONCLUSION: The results showed that there was a high heterogeneity of outcomes between the studies and that many examined small numbers of participants. In this review, both over and undertreatment were shown to increase adverse outcomes in frail older people. Further research around optimal glycaemic control for frail older people living with diabetes is required with the aim to identify ideal target ranges and produce practical clinical guidelines to promote attainment of these.
The patient will be administered mifepristone (200mg) orally with juice or water by the clinician or study investigator. Patients in this arm will also receive 200 mg misoprostol PO 30-90 minutes prior to their procedure.
Early prediction and prevention of recurring illness is critical for improving the survival rates of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Previously, we demonstrated that the presence of premalignant epithelial changes in the small bronchi distant to the primary tumor is associated with NSCLC progression: isolated basal cell hyperplasia (iBCH) indicates a high risk of distant metastasis, BCH combined with squamous metaplasia (BCHSM) - a high risk of locoregional recurrence. Here, we aimed to identify germline single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and insertions and deletions (InDels) associated with distant metastasis and locoregional recurrence in cases with iBCH and BCHSM using whole-exome sequencing of 172 NSCLC patients. The rs112065068 of the TGOLN2 gene was identified only in iBCH patients and was associated with a high risk of distant metastasis (P < .001) and worse metastasis-free survival (HR = 4.19 (95 %CI 1.97-8.93); P < .001). This variant was validated in a group of 109 NSCLC patients using real-time PCR and Sanger sequencing analyses. To our knowledge, this study is the first to identify a germline variant associated with NSCLC distant metastasis.
G-CBT group has 40 patients, maybe will be divided them into 4 groups. Every group has 8-10 patients. Every group receive 10 times CBT group therapy and 1 times a week for 120 minutes each time.
Thoracic surgical procedures are among the most painful operations, and their outcomes are affected adversely by postoperative discomfort. Post-thoracotomy pain syndrome (PTPS) is a well-recognized complication of thoracotomy. Post-thoracotomy pain control improves patient satisfaction and decreases postoperative complication morbidity. Epidural analgesia used to be considered as the best method of pain relief after major surgery despite its side-effects, which includes hypotension, respiratory depression, incomplete or failed block, etc. Recently, paravertebral block is an alternative technique that may offer a comparable analgesic effect and a better side-effect profile for post-thoracotomy pain. Dexmedetomidine(DEX) is a Food and Drug Administration-approved, parenteral, selective α2-agonist that induces anxiolytic and analgesia without respiratory depression. It could provide dose-dependent sedation , analgesia , anti-anxiety and inhibition of sympathetic nerves and other effects . Current studies with regard to the effectiveness of DEX as an adjunctive medicine, used in ultrasound-guided continuous thoracic paravertebral blocks for PTPS. The mechanical withdrawal threshold and VAS scores are recorded. The consumption of opioid and general anesthetics during perioperative period are also recorded. To compare the incidence rates of side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, hypotension and bradyarrhythmia in the first 3 days after operation among the groups.Also,to measure and compare the level of inflammatory factor in different group.A questionnaire is adopted to investigate whether there are chronic pain symptoms happen at 6 months after the operation which aim to PTPS.
PURPOSE:To obtain the subject substance containing an extract obtained by adding water, etc., to Quercus salicina, BLUME and subjecting the product to extraction treatment, free from toxicity, having excellent effect for preventing deposition of dental calculus and effect for assisting dissolution of dental calculus in low concentration and useful as gargle, etc. CONSTITUTION:The objective substance contains an extract obtained by adding, e.g. 500-15000 pts.wt. water and/or organic solvent such as ethyl alcohol to 100 pts.wt. crude drug and/or dried leaf of Quercus salicia, BLUME (Fagaceae) and subjecting the crude drug and/or the leaf to extraction treatment. Furthermore, an anti-periodontal disease composition for oral cavity is obtained by including preferably 0.01-10wt.% of the substance as an active ingredient.
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at a high risk of developing urinary incontinence; however, its pathogenesis is unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between insulin resistance and urinary incontinence and its severity in female patients with T2DM.
METHODS: A total of 366 women with T2DM aged ≥18 years were enrolled in this study. Insulin resistance was evaluated by the homeostasis model insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and urinary incontinence was assessed by the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF). All subjects were divided into four groups according to HOMA-IR quartiles. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between insulin resistance and urinary incontinence and its severity.
RESULTS: Among the 366 patients, 186 (50.8%) had urinary incontinence. The prevalence of urinary incontinence increased significantly with HOMA-IR quartiles (p < 0.001). Adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that compared with HOMA-IR ≤ 1.76, 2.81 ≤ HOMA-IR ≤ 4.27 was associated with a significantly increased risk of moderate incontinence (OR = 2.197, 95% CI 1.031-4.683, p = 0.041), and HOMA-IR ≥ 4.28 was associated with a significantly increased risk of severe incontinence (OR = 5.699, 95% CI 1.685-19.276, p = 0.005). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that HOMA-IR was the independent risk factor for urinary incontinence (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of insulin resistance are associated with urinary incontinence and its severity in female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
BACKGROUND: An increasing number of centers are undertaking combined heart and liver transplantation in adult and pediatric patients with congenital heart disease.
AIM: The primary aim of this study was to describe the perioperative management of a single center cohort, identifying challenges and potential solutions.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of all patients undergoing combined heart and liver transplantation at Stanford Children's Hospital from 2006 to 2022. Preoperative information included cardiac diagnosis, hemodynamics, and severity of liver disease. Intraoperative data included length of surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass time, and blood products transfused. Postoperative data included blood products transfused in the intensive care unit, time to extubation, length of intensive care unit stay, survival outcomes and 30-day adverse events.
RESULTS: Eighteen patients underwent en bloc combined heart and liver transplantation at Stanford Children's Hospital from 2006 to 2022, and the majority 15 (83%) were transplanted for failing Fontan circulation with Fontan Associated Liver Disease. Median surgical procedure time was 13.4 [11.5, 14.5] h with a cardiopulmonary bypass time of 4.3 [3.9, 5.8] h. Median total blood products transfused in the operating room post cardiopulmonary bypass was 89.4 [63.9, 127.0] mLs/kg. Nine patients (50%) had vasoplegia during cardiopulmonary bypass. Activated prothrombin complex concentrates were used post cardiopulmonary bypass in 15 (83%) patients with a 30-day thromboembolism rate of 22%. Median time to extubation was 4.0 [2.8, 6.5] days, median intensive care unit length of stay 20.0 [7.8, 48.3] days and median hospital length of stay 54.0 [30.5, 68.3] days. Incidence of renal replacement therapy was 11%; however, none required renal replacement therapy by the time of hospital discharge. Neurological events within 30 days were 17% and the 30 day and 1 year survival was 89%.
CONCLUSIONS: Perioperative challenges include major perioperative bleeding, unstable hemodynamics, and end organ injury including acute kidney injury and neurological events. Successful outcomes for en bloc combined heart and liver transplantation are possible with careful multidisciplinary planning, communication, patient selection, and integrated peri-operative management.
The patients in the retrospective cohort are hepatocellular carcinoma patients who have been previously treated with immunotherapy-based combination regimens. It is anticipated that approximately 10,000 cases will be included.
<b><br>Introduction:</b> Colorectal cancer (CRC) was the third most common cancer and the second cause of cancer deaths worldwide in 2020. Its incidence has increased dramatically in people under 50 years of age (early-onset colorectal cancer; EOCRC).</br> <b><br>Aim:</b> The aim of this study was to compare two age groups of patients with colorectal cancer in terms of stage, prognostic factors, survival and incidence of recurrence.</br> <b><br>Materials and methods:</b> The study group consisted of 588 patients operated on between 1995 and 2005 at the University Hospital in Krakow in the Clinical Department of General, Oncological and Gastroenterological Surgery. A method of retrospective documentation analysis was used. Patients were divided into two age groups: up to forty years of age and between 45 and 65 years of age.</br> <b><br>Results:</b> Up to 40 years of age, stage IV colorectal cancer was diagnosed in 33.3% of patients, while between 45 and 65 years of age, it was diagnosed in 26.1%. Five-year survival differed according to tumour stage. In the two groups analysed, there was a significant difference between the survival curves (P = 0.00000). Also, comparing recurrence times in the paired group excluding cancer-independent deaths revealed a statistically significant difference between the groups (P = 0.006).</br> <b><br>Discussion:</b> The incidence of colorectal cancer has increased worldwide in young people under 50 years of age, and it is therefore recommended that the research presented here be studied, and that prognostic factors be analysed and multicentre prophylactic studies combined with health education of those at risk be encouraged. Cancer occurring in younger patients is characterized by advanced stage at diagnosis and five-year survival is lower and has a poorer prognosis. The availability is very important of early diagnosis to detect pre-cancerous and considered pre-cancerous conditions is important. This involves detecting lesions at a lower stage of the disease.</br> <b><br>Conclusions:</b> The availability of early diagnosis to detect precancerous and considered pre-cancerous conditions is very important. This involves detecting lesions at a lower stage of the disease. Diagnosing colorectal cancer at an early stage and treating the pre-cancerous lesions will improve treatment outcomes, resulting in fewer metastases and longer survival and recurrence times.</br>.
NEW MATERIAL:A substance having the following physico-chemical properties. Molecular weight; 18000+ or -1000 [sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis] and having an N-terminal amino acid sequence expressed by the formula. USE:A remedy for diseases and autoimmune diseases caused by disorder in self cells and tissues due to the latter half component of a complement based on sthenia of abnormal activation in the complement system. PREPARATION:A human erythrocytic membranous suspension is treated with an organic solvent (e.g. n-butanol) and then membranous proteins are treated and solubilized from an aqueous layer with a surfactant in the presence of a proteolytic enzyme inhibitor. Thereby, the objective substance is purified and collected from the above-mentioned protein aqueous solution.
High Flow Nasal cannula is a system to deliver heated and humidified oxygen with an inspired oxygen fraction between 21 and 100% through large bore nasal cannula. The system delivers a flow up to 60 liters/min.