anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Patients receive carboplatin IV over 15-60 minutes on day 1 and etoposide IV over 90-120 minutes on days 1-3 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with basal ganglia and thalamic germinoma achieving CR undergo 3DRT or IMRT QD 5 days a week for 20 days. Patients with basal ganglia and thalamic germinoma and normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR may undergo second-look surgery. Patients found to have mature teratoma or non-viable tumor undergo 3DRT or IMRT QD 5 days a week for 20 days. Patients undergo MRI and optional blood and tissue sample collection throughout the study. Patients may undergo LP for CSF sample collection during screening and follow up.
Cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality is high in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Most patients reveal a high prevalence of CV risk factors such as diabetes or arterial hypertension and many have manifest cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as coronary artery disease and chronic heart failure with an increased risk of clinical events including sudden cardiac death. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension contribute to the development of CKD and the prevalence of CKD is in the range of 20-65% in diabetic and 30-50% in hypertensive patients. Therefore, prevention and optimal treatment of CV risk factors and comorbidities are key strategies to reduce CV risk and improve survival in CKD. Beyond common CV risk factors, patients with CKD are often physically inactive and have low physical function leading to subsequent frailty with muscle fatigue and weakness, sarcopenia and increased risk of falling. Consequently, the economic health burden of CKD is high, requiring feasible strategies to counteract this vicious cycle. Regular physical activity and exercise training (ET) have been shown to be effective in improving risk factors, reducing CVD and reducing frailty and falls. Nonetheless, combining ET and a healthy lifestyle with pharmacological treatment is not frequently applied in clinical practice. For that reason, this Clinical Consensus Statement reviews the current literature and provides evidence-based data regarding the role of ET in reducing CV and overall burden in patients with CKD. The aim is to increase awareness among cardiologists, nephrologists, and healthcare professionals of the potential of exercise therapy in order to encourage implementation of ET in clinical practice, eventually reducing CV risk and disease, as well as reducing frailty in patients with CKD G3-G5D.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has a poor prognosis and poses a serious threat to human health. FOLFIRI (irinotecan+5-FU/LV) / FOLFOX (oxaliplatin+5-FU/LV) ± angiogenesis inhibitors are common treatments for advanced CRC. For patients receiving oxaliplatin-based therapy, irinotecan-based therapy is recommended as second-line therapy. Liposomal irinotecan is a new pharmaceutical form of traditional irinotecan. It adopts a special loading technology to encapsulate traditional irinotecan in liposomes, which can avoid its hydrolysis under physiological conditions, increase the affinity with cancer cells, overcome drug resistance, increase the drug uptake by cancer cells, reduce the drug dose, improve the efficacy and reduce the toxic side effects. The aim of this study is to explore the efficacy and safety of liposomal irinotecan+5-FU/LV + bevacizumab as second-line treatment for metastatic CRC.
Hyperammonemia and encephalopathy have been reported with the postmarketing use of zonisamide. Zonisamide treatment inhibits carbonic anhydrase activity, which may cause metabolic acidosis that is associated with an increased risk for developing hyperammonemia. Hyperammonemia resulting from zonisamide can also be asymptomatic.

  


The risks of hyperammonemia and various manifestations of encephalopathy may be increased in patients treated with zonisamide and concomitantly taking other medications that can cause hyperammonemia, including valproic acid or topiramate (see PRECAUTIONS). Patients with inborn errors of metabolism or reduced hepatic mitochondrial activity may be at an increased risk for hyperammonemia with or without encephalopathy and this risk may be increased by zonisamide use.

  


Measure serum ammonia concentration if signs or symptoms (e.g., unexplained change in mental status, vomiting, or lethargy) of encephalopathy occur. Hyperammonemia resulting from zonisamide resolves when zonisamide is discontinued. Hyperammonemia from zonisamide may resolve or decrease in severity with a decrease of the daily dose.
IMPORTANCE: Children with sensory processing challenges often need supports to access, participate in, and achieve at school. However, research on best practice is varied, presenting difficulty for practitioners to assess the appropriateness of each support.
OBJECTIVE: To provide evidence-informed recommendations regarding best practices in school-based supports for students with sensory processing challenges via a Rapid Evidence Assessment of current literature.
DATA SOURCES: Searches were run in CINAHL Complete, Education Research Complete, ERIC, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Scopus (for articles published 2010 to 2023). Informed by a 2010 review, articles citing publications identified in the prior review were also included.
STUDY SELECTION AND DATA COLLECTION: A reviewer screened the title and abstract of each article for inclusion, and another screened the full texts, with 10% of each reviewer's articles assessed by the other. Interrater reliability was excellent.
FINDINGS: The review included 61 articles, with only 15% constituting good evidence (38% provided adequate evidence, 31% provided poor evidence, and 16% were reviews). No support could be wholly recommended without caveats, but there was some evidence that sound amplification systems, alternate seating, and multisensory environments may be beneficial in certain conditions or with certain populations. The use of weighted vests is not recommended.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Most research had small sample sizes and inconsistent protocols, highlighting the importance of ongoing research. Evidence-informed practitioners should review research findings carefully and integrate evidence from comprehensive clinical assessment and understanding of the child, school, and family contexts when assessing the appropriateness of a support for each student. Plain-Language Summary: Children with sensory processing challenges often need supports to access, participate in, and achieve at school. Occupational therapists provide school-based supports for children with sensory processing challenges with the goal of enabling access, participation, and achievement. It is difficult, however, for practitioners to assess the appropriateness of each support because research on best practice varies. This review of the current literature provides practitioners with evidence on supports for school children with sensory processing challenges to inform decision-making and the selection of appropriate supports for their clients. When assessing the appropriateness of a support for a student, practitioners should carefully review current research findings and integrate evidence from comprehensive clinical assessments along with an understanding of the student, school, and family contexts.
It is generally assumed that whole grain foods confer a health benefit in regards to moderated glycemia and increased satiety compared to foods made from refined grains. However, the extent of whole grains' low glycemic property may be limited by certain factors. For example, physical properties such as viscosity or particle size and differing starch digestion rates of whole grain foods may strongly influence glycemic response and gastric emptying rate. In this study, whole and refined grain wheat porridges were prepared from materials originating from the same milling source, with matched pairs for viscosity, starch and dietary fiber contents, and particle size. Subjects consumed wheat porridges containing 13C-labeled octanoic acid for assessment of gastric emptying rate, and they wore a continuous glucose monitor for measuring postprandial glucose levels. The purpose of this research was to test the hypothesis that the purported moderated glycemic response and slow gastric emptying rate are dependent on how these foods are processed. This work highlights the need to consider specific properties of whole grain foods for desired health outcomes in order to optimize the design of whole grain-based foods.
Cancer cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) to regulate cells in the tumor microenvironment to benefit their own growth and survive in the patient's body. Although emerging evidence has demonstrated the molecular mechanisms of EV release, regulating cancer-specific EV secretion remains challenging. In this study, we applied a microRNA library to reveal the universal mechanisms of EV secretion from cancer cells. Here, we identified miR-891b and its direct target gene, phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1), which promotes EV secretion through the serine-ceramide synthesis pathway. Inhibition of PSAT1 affected EV secretion in multiple types of cancer, suggesting that the miR-891b/PSAT1 axis shares a common mechanism of EV secretion from cancer cells. Interestingly, aberrant PSAT1 expression also regulated cancer metastasis via EV secretion. Our data link the PSAT1-controlled EV secretion mechanism and cancer metastasis and show the potential of this mechanism as a therapeutic target in multiple types of cancer.
Method of diagnosing and treatment of sympathetically maintained pain. Sympathetically maintained pain is diagnosed and treated using the method of injecting or transdermally applying an  alpha -adrenergic blocking agent selected from the group consisting of alpha -adrenergic antagonist,  alpha -1-adrenergic antagonist,  alpha 2 adrenergic agonist, or other drug that depletes sympathetic norepineprhine. Sympathetic efferent fibers release norepinephrine which in turn activates  alpha -adrenergic receptors. Activation of these receptors, either directly or indirectly, excites nociceptors. Activity in the nociceptors then evokes pain, and causes further discharge of nociceptors. Intravenous administration of phentolamine blocks the activation of  alpha -adrenergic receptors which causes the pain to be relieved. The use of a clonidine, another  alpha -adrenergic blocking agent, in a patch similarly achieved substantive pain reduction.
The present invention provides a method of isolating at least one sphingolipid portion selected from a sphingoid base portion, a ceramide portion, a glycosphingolipid portion or a phosphosphingolipid portion from Cordyceps, in particular from wild-type Cordyceps. This method allows for obtaining sphingolipid portions having an increased amount of one of sphingoid bases, ceramides, glycosphingolipids or phosphosphingolipids. The sphingolipid portions isolated contained significant amounts of sphingolipids not reported so far. They further proved to possess exceptional immunosuppressive activities. In a further aspect, the present invention relates to a method of treating a subject suffering from an inflammatory disease like an autoimmune disease or an allergic disease by administering sphingolipids isolated from Cordyceps, in particular from wild-type Cordyceps. In accordance with the invention is also a method of treating a subject suffering from an inflammatory disease by administering certain sphingolipids to the subject. Still further in accordance with the present invention is a composition, in particular a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one sphingolipid portion.
PURPOSE: Clinical trials of novel therapies for choroideremia require robust and clinically meaningful visual function outcome measures. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) is mostly insensitive to changes in disease state, until late stages, and hence also to potential therapeutic gains after gene therapies. While the insensitivity of BCVA as an effective outcome measure is common wisdom, its low importance has not been rigorously demonstrated in the literature. This work uses statistical techniques to rank the relative importance of potential functional outcome measures in choroideremia.
METHODS: Retrospective dominance analysis was performed on data from a longitudinal interventional clinical trial performed at the Oxford Eye Hospital. Functional data from the untreated eye were analyzed and correlated with an anatomic measure of disease progression in the form of blue fundus autofluorescence area of the surviving outer retinal island. Each functional measure was then ranked in terms of variable importance.
RESULTS: Microperimetry was the functional measure ranking first in terms of variable importance, followed by time since baseline visit, Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity, high spatial frequency contrast sensitivity function, and low luminance visual acuity. Early Treatment Diabetic Screening chart BCVA under standard lighting conditions was ranked lowest among the panel of test modalities.
CONCLUSIONS: Clinical trials in choroideremia for early and mid-stage disease would be justified in moving away from using standard BCVA as a clinical trial outcome measure as we have shown its sensitivity to be relatively low compared to microperimetry. We have also demonstrated how functional measures rank in terms of importance.
The most effective strategy for managing wheat bacterial blight caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae is believed to be the use of resistant cultivars. Researching the correlation between molecular markers and stress resistance can expedite the plant breeding process. The current study aims to evaluate the response of 27 bread wheat cultivars to bacterial blight disease in order to identify resistant and susceptible cultivars and to pinpoint ISSR molecular markers associated with bacterial blight resistance genes. ISSR markers are recommended for assessing a plant's disease resistance. This experiment is focused on identifying ISSR molecular markers linked to bacterial blight resistance. After applying the bacterial solution to the leaves, we performed sampling to determine the infection percentage in the leaves at different intervals (7, 14, and 18 days after spraying). In most cultivars, the average leaf infection percentage decreased 18 days after spraying on young leaves. However, in some cultivars such as Niknegad, Darab2, and Zarin, leaf infection increased in older leaves and reached up to 100% necrosis. In our study, 12 ISSR primers generated a total of 170 bands, with 156 being polymorphic. The primers F10 and F5 showed the highest polymorphism, while the F7 primer exhibited the lowest polymorphism. Cluster analysis grouped these cultivars into four categories. The resistant group included Qods, Omid, and Atrak cultivars, while the semi-resistant and susceptible groups comprised the rest of the cultivars. Through binary logistic analysis, we identified three Super oxide dismutase-related genes that contribute to plant resistance to bacterial blight. These genes were linked to the F3, F5, and F12 primers in regions I (1500 bp), T (1000 bp), and G (850 bp), respectively. We also identified seven susceptibility-associated genes. Atrak, Omid, and Qods cultivars exhibited resistance against bacterial blight, and three genes associated with this resistance were linked to the F3, F5, and F12 primers. These markers can be used for screening or transferring tolerance to other wheat cultivars in breeding programs.
Guanfacine Tablets, USP are centrally acting antihypertensive with α 2-adrenoceptor agonist properties in tablet form for oral administration. 

The chemical name of guanfacine hydrochloride is N-amidino-2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl) acetamide hydrochloride and its molecular weight is 282.56. Its structural formula is:

Guanfacine hydrochloride is a white to off-white powder; sparingly soluble in water and alcohol and slightly soluble in acetone. The inactive ingredients in each tablet are crospovidone, fumaric acid, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, pregelatinized maize starch. Additionally 1 mg tablet contains FD & C blue 1 Alu lake.

FDA approved dissolution test specifications differ from USP.
OBJECTIVES: Despite the use of multimodal analgesia, patients undergoing knee arthroplasty still encounter residual moderate pain. The addition of betamethasone to local anesthetic has been shown to improve postoperative pain. However, it remains uncertain whether the positive effects of perineural or intravenous administration of betamethasone on analgesia outcomes lead to better early mobility and postoperative recovery.
METHODS: Between June 2022 and February 2023, a total of 159 patients who were undergoing knee arthroplasty were included in this study. These patients were allocated randomly into three groups: (i) the NS group, received ropivacaine 0.375% and intravenous 3mL 0.9% normal saline; (ii) the PNB group, received ropivacaine 0.375% plus perineural betamethasone (12mg) 3mL and intravenous 3mL 0.9% normal saline; and (iii) the IVB group, received ropivacaine 0.375% and intravenous betamethasone (12mg) 3mL.
RESULTS: Both perineural and intravenous administration of betamethasone led to improved median (IQR) numeric rating scale (NRS) scores on the 6-meter walk test, with a score of 1.0 (1.0-2.0) for both groups, compared with 2.0 (1.0-2.0) for the NS group (p = 0.003). Compared to the NS group, both the PNB and IVB groups showed significant reductions in NRS scores at 24 and 36 h after surgery, along with a significant increase in ROM at 24, 36, and 48 h post-operation. Additionally, it exhibited lower levels of cytokine IL-1β and TNF-α in fluid samples, as well as lower level of HS-CRP in blood samples in the PNB and IVB groups compared to the NS group.
CONCLUSION: The administration of perineural and intravenous betamethasone demonstrated an enhanced analgesic effect following knee arthroplasty. Furthermore, it was associated with reduced levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and HS-CRP, as well as enhanced knee ROM, which is conducive to early ambulation and postoperative rehabilitation after knee arthroplasty.
During the second visit, erythromycin was given as an initial bolus of 0.5 mg/kg over 10 min immediately before the meal. The subject consumed the test meal containing 13C-Spirulina in no more than 10 minutes. Breath samples were collected at baseline obtained upon completion of the meal and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 240 minute time points. Thereafter, an infusion of 1.5 mg/kg was given over the next 50 min with the same infusion pump.
All were injected with botulinum toxin injection (BTX- A) in the left lateral position; anesthesia was not required. A volume of 0.5 ml of dissolved toxin, i.e., 100 u Dysport, is injected in each patient. The injection is given with an insulin syringe fitted with a needle size of 21 gauze and 3.75 lengths. Injection into the IAS, with the patients awake in the left -lateral position in the outpatient clinic in the 3 and 9 o'clock position.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new glycoprotein having a specific mature N-terminal amino acid sequence where the fragment has an ability to hinder the PHA- dependent activation of lymphocyte, and useful for preventing and treating cancers, infectious diseases, etc. SOLUTION: This purified glycoprotein can be decomposed into 70kD fragment and 27kD fragment, and has a mol.wt. of approximately 85-97kD. The glycoprotein has a mature N-terminal amino acid sequence of the formula, and the 70kD fragment has an ability to hinder the leukocyte-agglutinating plant agglutinin (PHA)-dependent activation of lymphocyte. The glycoprotein is bound to human lectin Mac-2, plays an important roll in interactive on the surfaces of cells, and is useful for treating and preventing cancers, infectious diseases, etc. The glycoprotein is obtained by purifying a culture supernatant originated from A375 human myeloma cells by a sedimentation velocity gradient method and by size exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography, anion exchange chromatography, etc.
Daratumumab was administered once a week at a dose of 16 mg/kg for a total of 4 times (Day1,8,15,22 dosing patterns) in one cycle. Patients with conditions may use up to two cycles of treatment.
A method and system for validating a parameter in a medical study are disclosed. The method includes receiving the medical study from a source. A processor determines a first parameter of the medical study to be validated. An imaging protocol is received from a configuration file in an imaging unit. The imaging protocol includes a second parameter corresponding to the first parameter in the medical study. The processor determines if there is a mismatch of the first parameter in the medical study and the second parameter in the imaging protocol. If there is a mismatch, the processor corrects the first parameter in the medical study based on the second parameter in the imaging protocol to validate the medical study.
Several major new inflammatory diseases that respond to methotrexate are identified in this Invention. These newly identified indications that respond to methotrexate include a number of cardiovascular diseases, coronary heart disease and stroke. To optimize and improve therapeutic effectiveness, therapeutic responses and to minimize toxicity new sublingual dosage units and patches of methotrexate are taught in this Invention for direct delivery of the drug to the blood stream bypassing absorption through the human gut. The practice of this invention as provided herein should result in significant improvement of the therapeutic index of methotrexate in the treatment of a number of painful, crippling, disfiguring, and fatal diseases. This Invention therefore addresses an unmet need to treat the above diseases for which there are no curative treatments are available at the present time. The use of sublingual methotrexate or methotrexate patches to prevent, treat or reverse cardiovascular diseases, coronary heart disease and stroke is new and the practice of this invention should result in very significant therapeutic improvements and commercial benefits.
A method for creating an amalgamated bioinformatics database from at least a first database and a second database is presented. Concepts are identified in a first field from the records of the first database. A second field from the records of the second database which has data related to the first field is also identified. A first set of concepts is identified by traversing a mediating database using terms associated with the first field and a second set of concepts is also identified by traversing the mediating database using terms associated with the second field. Either the first set of concepts or the second set of concepts, or both, is identified using non-trivial terminological mapping. The set of related concepts in the first set of concepts and the second set of concepts is identified and a record is generated in the amalgamated bioinformatics database.