anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Long-term animal studies have not been performed to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of mometasone furoate cream. Long-term carcinogenicity studies of mometasone furoate were conducted by the inhalation route in rats and mice. In a 2-year carcinogenicity study in Sprague Dawley rats, mometasone furoate demonstrated no statistically significant increase of tumors at inhalation doses up to 67 mcg/kg (approximately 0.04 times the estimated maximum clinical topical dose from mometasone furoate cream on a mcg/m2 basis). In a 19-month carcinogenicity study in Swiss CD-1 mice, mometasone furoate demonstrated no statistically significant increase in the incidence of tumors at inhalation doses up to 160 mcg/kg (approximately 0.05 times the estimated maximum clinical topical dose from mometasone furoate cream on a mcg/m2 basis).
    Mometasone furoate increased chromosomal aberrations in an in vitro Chinese hamster ovary cell assay, but did not increase chromosomal aberrations in an in vitro Chinese hamster lung cell assay. Mometasone furoate was not mutagenic in the Ames test or mouse lymphoma assay, and was not clastogenic in an in vivo mouse micronucleus assay, a rat bone marrow chromosomal aberration assay, or a mouse male germ-cell chromosomal aberration assay. Mometasone furoate also did not induce unscheduled DNA synthesis in vivo in rat hepatocytes.
    In reproductive studies in rats, impairment of fertility was not produced in male or female rats by subcutaneous doses up to 15 mcg/kg (approximately 0.01 times the estimated maximum clinical topical dose from mometasone furoate cream, on a mcg/m2 basis).
PURPOSE:To obtain a suspended release preparation of sodium valproate. CONSTITUTION:Raw tablets comprising 100 pts.wt. sodium valproate as an active ingredient and 20-25 pts.wt magnesium metasilicic acid aluminate are coated with a coating agent consisting of 100 pts.wt. ethyl cellulose and 45-55 pts.wt. hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose in 70-120mu thickness to give a suspended release preparation. The preparation can release a medicine without depending upon pH in the digestive tubes and increase treating effects.
The basis of COPD maintenance treatment is the long-acting bronchodilators and the inhaled corticosteroids. Faced with the recent modifications in the clinical practice guidelines, we have carried out a review of studies that contrast the various therapeutic alternatives and pharmacological agents within each category, with the fundamental purpose of shedding light on which of these options prove to be more effective. Triple therapy stands out as essential in poorly controlled patients or with an eosinophilic phenotype, surpassing dual therapy. However, among the combinations of LAMA/LABA or LAMA/LABA/IC, no drug is observed to be superior in the reviewed evidence. Although triple therapies include corticosteroids, there does not appear to be a significant increase in side effects or pneumonia. Regarding monotherapy with LAMA, no significant differences are seen between the drugs, but in dual therapy with LABA/IC, the budesonide/formoterol combination seems to offer better control than fluticasone/salmeterol.
With demographics indicating that the world's population aged \>60 years will increase from 600 million reported in 2000, to \>2 billion by 2050, there is an increasing interest in health issues related to ageing. One area of particular interest is sarcopenia, defined as the progressive loss of muscle mass, strength and physical function as a consequence of ageing. Sarcopenia has been associated with an increase in cardiovascular disease, poor metabolic and cognitive function, reduced quality of life and early mortality. Studies have reported beneficial effects of both resistance exercise and increasing protein intake independently and in combination on markers of sarcopenia (mostly increases in muscle mass, strength and physical function). However, little is known about the effects of combined intervention on energy metabolism, appetite and cognitive and endocrine function. This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel groups trial will investigate these, alongside assessing the effects of combined intervention on total lean tissue mass, muscular strength and functional performance.
Objective: The purposes of this observational prospective study were to (1) characterize the wound-related factors (wound area, the presence of biofilm, and total bacteria), wound-related symptoms (fatigue, pain, exudate, itching, and edema or swelling), and systemic inflammation (level of serum C-reactive protein [CRP]), and (2) explore associations between wound-related factors, wound-related symptoms, and systemic inflammation in older individuals with chronic venous leg ulcers (CVLUs) over 8 weeks of wound treatment. Approach: A total of 117 participants who received standardized care (weekly sharp debridement) for chronic venous ulcer were enrolled. We collected clinical data every 2 weeks during the 8 weeks of the study period or until the wound was healed (if healed before 8 weeks). Associations among variables were estimated using a Bayesian approach applied to general linear mixed models. Results: Based on Bayes factor (BF) value, there was extremely strong evidence for the association of biofilm with mean total bacteria (BF >1,000). There was moderate evidence of a direct association between biofilm presence and levels of CRP (BF 4.3) and moderate evidence of direct associations between biofilm and wound-related symptoms, pain and exudate (BF 5.12, 8.49, respectively). Innovation: Wound-related symptoms and the level of systemic CRP were associated with biofilm among patients who were receiving weekly sharp debridement. Symptom severity associated with CVLUs requires assessment and management of wound-related factors and levels of inflammation in addition to symptom assessment. Conclusion: This study is the first to examine associations among biofilm, as wound-related factors, systemic inflammation, wound-related symptoms, and wound healing in clinical settings. Symptom severity, level of systemic CRP, and wound-related factors should be considered as well as assessment of biofilm in CVLU in older individuals with CVLU.
Provided herein are devices and methods for reversibly controlling the memory function in living non-human animals. Some variations of methods for affecting the memory function comprise temporarily inhibiting neurons of the hippocampus (e.g., neurons of the dorsal CA1 field of the hippocampus) during the acquisition or retrieval of a memory. Alternatively or additionally, methods for reversibly affecting memory function comprise inhibiting neurons of the amygdala (e.g. basolateral amygdala) and/or neurons of the cingulate cortex (e.g., anterior cingulated cortex). Methods for disrupting the formation and recall of memories by inhibiting excitatory neurons expressing light-activated proteins are disclosed herein. One or more methods for reversibly affecting the memory function described herein can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacological agents in treating PTSD and/or various memory disorders.
The pandemic period due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) revolutionized all possible areas of global health. Significant consequences were also related to diverse extrapulmonary manifestations of this pathology. The liver was found to be a relatively common organ, beyond the respiratory tract, affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Multiple studies revealed the essential role of chronic liver disease (CLD) in the general outcome of coronavirus infection. Present concerns in this field are related to the direct hepatic consequences caused by COVID-19 and pre-existing liver disorders as risk factors for the severe course of the infection. Which mechanism has a key role in this phenomenon-previously existing hepatic disorder or acute liver failure due to SARS-CoV-2-is still not fully clarified. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) constitutes another not fully elucidated context of coronavirus infection. Should the toxic effects of ethanol or already developed liver cirrhosis and its consequences be perceived as a causative or triggering factor of hepatic impairment in COVID-19 patients? In the face of these discrepancies, we decided to summarize the role of the liver in the whole picture of coronavirus infection, paying special attention to ALD and focusing on the pathological pathways related to COVID-19, ethanol toxicity and liver cirrhosis.
A reference group of participants with familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FBHL) who did not receive a study intervention. Data gathered for 15 weeks.
Participants who received chlorambucil 0.5 mg/kg (to maximum 0.8 mg/kg) Days 1 and 15 of 28-day cycle up to 12 cycles in Study 1115. In Study 1116, participants had the option to crossover to next-line ibrutinib 420 mg/day after disease progression (PD).
INTRODUCTION: Significant kidney function may be lost before CKD is diagnosed. Arterial stiffness may be a risk factor for CKD and the relationship may be bi-directional. A systematic review of cohort studies was undertaken to ascertain the temporal relationship of arterial stiffness and CKD.
METHODS: MEDLINE and Embase were searched to 4 October 2023 to identify studies that investigated whether arterial stiffness, as estimated by pulse wave velocity, was predictive of the development or progression of CKD, rapid decline in kidney function, and vice versa. The characteristics and outcomes of the included studies were set out in a qualitative summary. The review protocol is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019129563).
RESULTS: Forty-two studies were included, all of which were high quality with respect to bias. Thirteen of seventeen studies that investigated arterial stiffness as a predictor of incident CKD found a positive association (p < 0.05). Of the 10 studies that controlled for CKD risk factors, 6 found a positive association. Eight of seventeen studies that investigated arterial stiffness as a predictor of progression of CKD, and five out of eight studies, which investigated rapid kidney decline, found a positive association. One study of six found kidney function was able to predict future elevated arterial stiffness.
CONCLUSION: Arterial stiffness may predict incident CKD and a rapid decline in CKD. It is uncertain if arterial stiffness is associated with CKD progression or whether reduced kidney function is predictive of increased arterial stiffness. Further longitudinal research is required.
The current proposal seeks quantify neural inhibition using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in older Veterans to identify how each measures contributes to aging-related changes in motor performance. Currently, over 56% (11.8 million) of Veterans are over age 60. Recent research has shown that aging is associated with decreased cortical inhibition and impaired hand motor function. However, this loss of inhibition is not an inescapable consequence of aging. The investigators' previous work that healthy older adults who engage in regular physical activity show increased cortical inhibition and improved dexterity as compared to their sedentary age cohort. This indicates that aerobic training may reverse aging related changes in cortical inhibition and alteration of tonic levels of cortical excitability can have a powerful impact on motor performance in the aging brain. In the current proposal, the investigators will enroll older adults to assess how different measurements (TMS and MRS) of the dominant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain - GABA differ in relation to motor control. During the MRS scan, participants will perform a motor learning task to assess change in GABA level throughout the acquisition session. These data will be compared with measures of cortical inhibition using TMS to quantify neurotransmitter receptor activity with respect to aging-related changes in motor performance. The investigators will also be comparing the effects of an aerobic exercise intervention as compared to a contact matched stretching control. The investigators believe this project is the first inquiry of its kind and will have an important impact in the understanding of aging-related neurophysiological changes in the brain and how it can remediate associated behavioral declines.
OBJECTIVES: Appendicitis poses diagnostic challenges. A correct diagnosis is important during pregnancy to avoid unnecessary surgery on the one hand and delayed surgery on the other hand, as both may negatively affect pregnancy outcomes. Clinical scores for risk-stratified management of suspected appendicitis are well established in adults but have not been validated during pregnancy. This nested case-control study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the Appendicitis Inflammatory Response (AIR) score and imaging during pregnancy.
METHODS: By cross-linking national Swedish health registries from a defined geographical area, we identified a cohort of 154 women who underwent appendectomy for suspected appendicitis during pregnancy and a matched cohort of 232 pregnant women admitted for acute abdominal pain and suspected appendicitis but with a discharge diagnosis of nonspecific abdominal pain (NSAP). All variables were extracted from medical records. The diagnostic value of AIR score and imaging was estimated for patients with a final diagnosis of appendicitis compared with patients with negative appendectomy and NSAP patients.
RESULTS: The final diagnoses for the operated patients were uncomplicated and complicated appendicitis in 49.4% and 26.6%, respectively, and negative appendectomy in 24.0%. Nearly half of all the patients underwent diagnostic imaging (41%), mainly by ultrasonography. The sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic imaging were 44.9% (95% CI 32.9%-57.4%) and 42.2% (95% CI 31.9%-53.1%), respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of AIR score was 0.88 (95% CI 0.84-0.92) for all appendicitis and 0.90 (95% CI 0.84-0.95) for complicated appendicitis. The sensitivity for complicated appendicitis was 100% at a score of ≥4. The specificity for all appendicitis was 97% at a score of ≥9.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that the AIR score may be a suitable diagnostic tool for risk stratification of pregnant women with abdominal pain and suspected appendicitis but further validation among pregnant women is needed.
Background: Endoscopic surgery is now increasingly taking the place of open surgery in urology. Traditionally, endourological procedures are classified as clean-contaminated because the genitourinary tract is colonized by micro-flora, even in the case of sterile urine. The aim of this study was to determine whether a difference occurs in the infection rate after short endourological procedures using standard scrubbing and partial scrubbing techniques before the operations. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 397 patients who underwent a short endourological procedure, with all procedure durations lasting <30 min. Patients were divided into a first group who underwent operations using a full-scrub technique and a second group who underwent operations using a partial-scrub technique. All patients were followed up for the occurrence of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Both groups were compared for age, gender, and post-operative development of UTIs. Values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 397 patients, 200 and 197 underwent their procedures using the full-scrub and partial-scrub techniques, respectively. Females and males accounted for 142 (35.8%) and 255 (64.2%) patients, respectively. Only 18 (4.5%) patients developed documented UTIs and antibiotics were prescribed. Of the 18 patients diagnosed with post-operative UTIs, 10 (55.5%) had undergone partial-scrub operations and 8 (45.5%) had undergone full-scrub operations (p = 0.638). Conclusion: Our findings did not indicate any significant relationship between the risk of developing UTI after a short endourological procedure and the scrub technique used before the operation (partial or full scrub).
COMPOSITIONS FOR THE RESTORATION OF A FECAL MICROBIOTA AND METHODS FOR MAKING AND USING THEM In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions and methods for treating 5 various disorders and conditions in mammals, including chronic disorders in which there is a presence of an abnormal micro biota or an abnormal distribution of micro flora in the gastrointestinal tract. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides liquid preparations or formulations de-rived from a human fecal material (e.g., a stool) processed, e.g., filtered and/or centrifuged, such that all bacteria, fungal spores and viruses are removed, but retaining the native [0 biologically active molecules from the fecal material and bacteriophages. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides a "rough-", "incomplete-" or medium-filtered microbiota which still comprises native physiological components or nutritive agents for the bacteria, e.g., retains native biologically and nutritionally active components. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides a highly filtered or substantially purified micro biota in combination with, or [5 having added back, a liquid preparation or formulation of the invention. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions or formulations where the bacteria, or micro biota, component has been cultured, or cultured under anaerobic conditions, or harvested, stored and/or cultured under anaerobic conditions. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides various additives, compositions and donor restrictions for treating these disorders and conditions.
PURPOSE: An antioxidative composition containing Malaphis chinensis fermentation is provided to ensure antiaging and anti-inflammation and to apply to cosmetic and medical fields. CONSTITUTION: An antioxidative composition contains Malaphis chinensis fermentation as an active ingredient. The composition also has anti-inflammatory function and promotes collagen synthesis. The Malaphis chinensis fermentation is obtained by adding Lactobacillus or yeast to Malaphis chinensis extract and fermenting. The Lactobacillus is Lactobacillus sakei, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactococcus lactis, or Bacillus coagulance. The yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
PURPOSE:To obtain an application agent for treating, peelable without falling off only a support and causing a residual drug-containing layer even in application for a long period by laminating the drug-containing layer having tackiness at ordinary temperature to the side of a cellular substance of the support formed by laminating a cellular substances to a substrate. CONSTITUTION:A drug-containing layer is laminated to the side of a cellular substance of a support formed by laminating the cellular substance to a substrate. Polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, etc., are used as the above- mentioned substrate and the thickness thereof is preferably 5-100mum. For example, paper, woven fabric or nonwoven fabric, is preferred as the cellular substance. The afore-mentioned drug-containing layer contains a tacky agent (e.g. acrylic tacky agent) having tackiness at ordinary temperature and a percutaneous absorbable drug (e.g. nifedipine, prednisolone or acetaminophen) as essential ingredients.
A high prevalence of sarcopenia has been reported in end stage kidney disease. The incidence of sarcopenia increases with age. Muscle atrophy is caused by an imbalance between the anabolic and catabolic processes in chronic kidney disease. Sarcopenia and physical inactivity progress synergistically. Decreased physical performance is associated with sarcopenia. In hemodialysis patients, daily physical activity level and physical performance decrease. Cognitive impairment is common in chronic kidney disease. Uremic toxins can cause a decrease in cognitive function. One of the most important problems associated with hemodialysis is pain and pain negatively affects functional capacity and quality of life.
User devices can include a lifestyle analyzer component to capture user data to monitor health conditions of the user to provide a personalized lifestyle manager. In some instances, health data from a wearable device can be cross correlated to other application data such as calendar items, communications, location data, social media data, and financial data. Based on negative health metrics (e.g., stress level increase, sleep deprivation, etc.), the lifestyle manager may provide directives to automatically manage communications, schedules, and/or tasks. The user device can capture user data and transmit the data to a serving device to aggregate the data. The serving device can use the aggregated data to perform lifestyle analysis to generate directives for lifestyle management and rules to implement the directives. If the user accepts a directive, the lifestyle manager may implement the rules on a user device.
The lab (and research group) of Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy of the Vrije Universiteit Brussel performs exercise tests in both trained and untrained populations. The aim of the maximal effort test is to evaluate endurance capacity and provide recommendations to monitor training load. Until now, this is done by objective parameters such as heart rate, speed, time, power, etcetera. Researchers already presented a method to quantify training intensity distribution in elite endurance athletes based on the rating of perceived exertion. However, during pilot testing and everyday experience, these cut-off values are not always applicable to each individual athlete, nor are they the same for different sports. Therefore, the investigators want to investigate the possible relation between the exercise intensity, and objective and subjective parameters. Thereafter, the investigators want to provide recommendations to a new way of methodological approach during, and trainings advice after maximal effort tests.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide (Collins, Patel et al. 2011). A substantial proportion of patients do not achieve adequate remission despite multiple antidepressant trials and augmentation strategies (Rush, Trivedi et al. 2006; Weissman, Pilowsky et al. 2006). Treatment-resistant major depression (TRD) is defined as an insufficient response to at least two adequate antidepressant trials (Rush, Trivedi et al. 2006). Many of these patients are referred to previous somatic treatment e.g. electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), rapid Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) and Vagal Nerve Stimulation (VNS), all of which have serious disadvantages and/or limited efficacy.

Ketamine has been safely used for induction and maintenance of anesthesia for decades and more recently has been used for chronic pain. Ketamine is a noncompetitive, high-affinity antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate type glutamate receptor, with additional effects on dopamine and μ-opioid receptors. During the last 9 years several uncontrolled reports have been published, showing a rapid and impressive effect of ketamine in TRD patients (Berman, Cappiello et al. 2000; Zarate, Singh et al. 2006; Mathew, Murrough et al. 2010; Aan Het Rot, Zarate et al. 2012; Mathew, Shah et al. 2012; Murrough, Iosifescu et al. 2013). Recently three placebo-controlled trials showed that a single dose of sub-anesthetic, (0.5 mg/kg) slow intravenous (IV) ketamine improves depressive symptoms dramatically. Across studies, a clinically significant antidepressant response was maintained for up to 72 hours in 12 of 25 patients. Nonetheless, all but two patients relapsed \<2 weeks post-ketamine (Zarate, Singh et al. 2006; aan Het Rot, Zarate et al. 2012). Rot et al. showed that repeated IV ketamine infusions prolongs the duration of improvement.

The investigators believe that the data presented above allows us to provide ketamine treatment here in the Sheba Medical Center for TRD patients.