anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE:A material for releasing a volatile substance for a long time without causing change in quality, comprising sodium polyacrylate, a compound containing an epoxy group in a molecule, a cationic surface active agent, a volatile substance and water, containing the volatile substance in an emulsified state, prepared at room temperature. CONSTITUTION:A material for slow releasing a volatile substance, comprising sodium polyacrylate, a compound (e.g., polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, ethylene glycol diglydidyl ether, etc.) having at least one epoxy group in a molecule, a cationic surface active agent (preferably, benzalkonium chloride, etc.), a volatile substance and water, wherein the volatile substance is emulsified. The amount of water based on the material is 40-95wt%, the amount of the epoxy compound is 0.01-5wt%, and the amount of the volatile compound is <= about 30wt%. The weight ratio of sodium polyacrylate to the volatile substance is preferably (0.2-8):1.
Type II diabetes mellitus is rapidly becoming a global pandemic with a deleterious impact on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Understanding its pathophysiology is important for the development of future therapeutic interventions. Emerging evidence suggests interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction and the development of insulin resistance. Interestingly, mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue are early events in the development of type II diabetes mellitus and are proposed to play a role in exacerbating insulin resistance. Although it has been demonstrated that skeletal muscle of insulin-resistant individuals has reduced mitochondria and mitochondrial dysfunction, whether this disruption of mitochondrial function is more widespread has not been explored. We hypothesize that this disruption of mitochondrial function is more systemic and thereby may contribute to the development of peripheral insulin resistance and possibly promote the myriad of complications associated with diabetes.

To test these assumptions, we propose an initial proof of concept study to evaluate mitochondrial biology in human platelets in normal volunteers, pre-diabetic and diabetic subjects to assess whether mitochondrial disruption/dysfunction evolves with the progression to type II diabetes. In parallel, proteomic analysis will be performed to evaluate whether the development of insulin resistance and diabetes confers a specific modulation in the biological signature of human platelets with disease progression. To delineate these concepts, we will evaluate study subject's glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity and draw blood in parallel to study their platelets. Biological readouts will include: 1) the quantification of the mitochondrial proteome and electron transfer chain content; 2) the evaluation of platelet mitochondrial respiratory function and 3) to determine the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species capacity and defenses. If this hypothesis is validated, this study will show that the mitochondrial disruption/dysfunction is a more generalized finding in type II diabetes. Additionally, it would propose the use of platelets as potential biomarkers for early detection of mitochondrial function and assessment of disease. Finally, this would establish a peripheral blood readout of the modification of mitochondrial function as a novel approach to monitor the prevention and/or reversal of insulin resistance and diabetes in response to therapeutic strategies.
PCP participants in the practice cohort or the intervention group will receive the ECHO46 intervention via real-time, interactive videoconferencing through Zoom sessions held once weekly for 4 weeks (4 sessions total) at regularly scheduled times convenient to providers. Session topics will focus on training PCP participants to assess, advise, and refer patients to be more physically active, as well as provide evidence-based strategies they can use to supplement and sustain their communication efforts.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impacts of trichothecenes (Fusarium sporotrichioides) for dairy calves on animal growth, oxidative and inflammatory responses in the presence or absence of essential oils. Twelve calves weaned at 70 days of age were divided into 2 groups: T-C (control) and T-EO (essential oils - oregano, thyme, basil and rosemary) in the period of 40 days consuming ration contaminated by trichothecenes (500 ppb). The animals in the T-EO group received a mixture of EOs via feed at a dosage of 0.75 mL per/kg of feed. Blood collections were performed on days 1, 20 and 40 for hematological and biochemical analyses; the fecal score was performed every 2 days on a scale of 1-5 and clinical examinations were performed 3 times during the experiment period. The animals were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment; euthanasia of two calves per group for macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of several tissues (spleen, liver, duodenum, jejunum, ilium, cecum and colon) was performed at the end of the experiment. The calves in the T-EO group had a tendency (P = 0.07) of higher body weight when compared to the T-C. Treatment effect and treatment vs day interaction was detected for leukocytes and granulocytes variables, demonstrating a higher count of these cells in the T-EO group on both days (20 and 40), and the same behavior occurred for the distribution amplitude of erythrocytes (RDW). The enzymes alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST) and gamma glutamyl-transferase (GGT) showed higher serum activity in the T-C group (days 20 and 40). The levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were lower in the serum of animals in the T-EO group. For calves in the T-EO group, glutathione S-transferase activity was higher in serum. Haptoglobulin and C-reactive protein levels were lower on days 20 and 40 in T-EO animals when compared to the T-C group. In the macroscopic and microscopic evaluations, which were collected at the end of the experiment after slaughtering the animals, liver and intestine did not show changes for the animals in the T-EO group, unlike the animals in the T-C group, which had moderately firm diffuse consistency of the liver and edema in the mesentery, as well as oxidative stress in tissues (liver, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon). The results concluded that the consumption of a mixture of EOs (essential oils - oregano, thyme, basil and rosemary) minimized the negative effects caused by trichothecenes in dairy calves, thus being an alternative to improving the immunological and antioxidant condition, as well as a possible adsorbent alternative.
Participants have severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance (CLcr) \< 31 mL/min, not requiring dialysis). Participants treated with one dose of plerixafor (240 µg/kg) administered by subcutaneous (SC) injection.
Treatment arm patients will receive inhaled XW001 1 mg, once daily, using a commercially available nebulizer (Aerogen Solo, Aerogen Ireland) for up to 14 days. Treatment should be continued until discharge or progression to score 6 or higher but maximum up to 14 days. Dosing must be started within 48 hours of hospitalization.
Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A (PHP1A) is a rare, genetic disorder caused by impaired stimulatory G-protein signaling due to heterozygous mutations in the gene, GNAS. The most severe form of the disease, PHP1A occurs when a GNAS mutation is inherited on the preferentially expressed maternal allele. A less severe form of the disease, pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism (PPHP), occurs when a GNAS mutation is inherited on the paternal allele. Clinically, PHP1A is characterized by multi-hormone resistance, cognitive impairment and early-onset obesity while PPHP has a mild phenotype without multi-hormone resistance. It is increasingly recognized that PHP1A is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes but the mechanism is unknown. Glucose homeostasis and diabetes risk has not been studied in PPHP. As part of the parent K23 award, we investigated glucose tolerance in children with PHP1A. In contrast to the adult literature, we found that children with PHP1A had greater insulin sensitivity than matched controls. When challenged with an oral glucose load, however, children with PHP1A had persistent hyperglycemia and 25% met criteria for impaired glucose tolerance. The goal of this proposal is to quantify β-cell function in PHP1A. It is plausible that these individuals have a) impaired β-cell function, b) differences in insulin sensitivity, and c) impaired incretin function. Thus, in this pilot study we will definitively assess one of these, β-cell function, using the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test in patients with PHP1A and PPHP (aim 1). We will also assess oral glucose tolerance over time by bringing back children and young adults with PHP1A from our original cohort for repeat glucose tolerance testing (aim 2). The ultimate goal is to rigorously define glucose homeostasis defects in PHP1A in order to design and conduct an intervention study for glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes in PHP1A.
How Supplied

INCRELEX injection is supplied as a 40 mg/4 mL (10 mg/mL) sterile, clear, and colorless solution in multiple-dose glass vials (NDC-15054-1040-5).

Storage and Handling

Before Opening – Vials of INCRELEX are stable when refrigerated at 2º to 8ºC (36º to 46ºF). Avoid freezing the vials of INCRELEX. Protect from direct light. Expiration dates are stated on the labels.

After Opening – Vials of INCRELEX are stable for 30 days after initial vial entry when stored refrigerated at 2º to 8ºC (36º to 46ºF). Avoid freezing the vials of INCRELEX. Protect from direct light.

INCRELEX should not be used after its expiration date. Keep refrigerated and use within 30 days of initial vial entry. Remaining unused material should be discarded.
PCT No. PCT/EP93/02042 Sec. 371 Date Mar. 16, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Mar. 16, 1995 PCT Filed Jul. 30, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/06929 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 31, 1994The invention relates to a novel epitope of 180,000 daltons for the NCAM antigen and a monoclonal antibody, SEN7, directed against this antigen, and their use in diagnosis and therapy of small-cell carcinoma of the lung. The antibody SEN7 reacts significantly more selectively than previously known antibodies with cells of small-cell carcinoma of the lung, and binds with high avidity. In particular, no reaction occurs with leucocytes or healthy kidney or lung epithelial cells. The novel antigen is dominantly expressed by cells of small-cell carcinoma of the lung with a high copy number.
The invention concerns a two-stage pharmaceutical combined preparation for hormonal contraception containing at least 30 daily doses. The hormonal active substance in the first stage is a combination of an oestrogen preparation and a gestagen preparation in single-stage form in a quantity at least sufficient to inhibit ovulation. In the second stage, the hormonal active substance is an oestrogen preparation only. The first stage comprises not less than 25 and not more than 77 daily discrete or continuous doses and the second stage comprises 5, 6 or 7 daily discrete or continuous doses, the total number of daily units being equal to the total number of days of the desired cycle, i.e. at least thirty and not more than eighty four. This combined preparation can be made available in, for example, monthly packaging and is used for controlling female fertility. It reduces to a minimum the oestrogen content in each individual dose and also has a low overall hormone content for the dosing cycle, while ensuring a high contraceptive reliability, low incidence of follicle development, excellent cycle control  and reliable prevention of intercyclic menstrual bleeding and unwanted side effects.
Abdominal aortic surgery is associated with a significant increase of oxidative and inflammatory stress response. Aortic surgery is also associated with elevated troponin which is a sensitive and specific marker for myocardial injury. The severity of oxidative stress is correlated with elevated troponin. Melatonin, which is a hormone produced in brain, seems to modify cell damage and inflammation. On the other hand we know, that melatonin production first night after surgery is disturbed. The purpose of this study is therefore to determine whether treatment with melatonin can reduce cell damage and inflammation, and thereby occurrence of myocardial injury associated with abdominal aortic surgery.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: HuoXueTongFu Formula (HXTF) is a traditional Chinese herbal formula that has been used as a supplement and alternative therapy for intraperitoneal adhesion (IA). However, its specific mechanism of action has not been fully understood.
AIM OF THE STUDY: In surgery, IA presents an inevitable challenge, significantly impacting patients' physical and mental well-being and increasing the financial burden. Our previous research has confirmed the preventive effects of HXTF on IA formation. However, the precise mechanism of its action still needs to be understood.
METHODS: In this study, the IA model was successfully established by using the Ischemic buttons and treated with HXTF for one week with or without Mer Tyrosine Kinase (MerTK) inhibitor. We evaluated the pharmacodynamic effect of HXTF on IA mice. The MerTK/phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway-associated proteins were detected by Western blotting. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were detected by immunofluorescence. Macrophage phenotype was assessed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Inflammatory cytokines were detected by Real Time Quantitative PCR and Western blotting.
RESULTS: HXTF reduced inflammatory response and alleviated IA. HXTF significantly enhanced MerTK expression, increased the number of M2c macrophages, and decreased the formation of NETs. In addition, the MerTK/PI3K/AKT pathway was significantly activated by HXTF. However, after using MerTK inhibitors, the role of HXTF in inducing M2c macrophage through activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway was suppressed and there was no inhibitory effect on NETs formation and inflammatory responses, resulting in diminished inhibition of adhesion.
CONCLUSION: HXTF may improve IA by activating the MerTK/PI3K/AKT pathway to induce M2c polarization, which removes excess NETs and attenuates the inflammatory response.
The menace of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections among low- and middle-income countries with no access to a free HPV vaccine is a public health concern. HPV is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Nigeria, while the most known types of HPV genotypes being transmitted are the high-risk HPV-16 and 18 genotypes. In this study, we explored the predictors of self-reported HPV infections and HPV genital warts infection among a population of students, non-academic staff, and academic staff of Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida (IBB) University located in Lapai, Nigeria. We also assessed their knowledge about HPV infections and genotypes, and sexual behaviors. An online cross-sectional study was conducted by setting up a structured questionnaire on Google Forms and it was distributed to the university community via Facebook and other social media platforms of the university. The form captured questions on HPV infection, and knowledge about HPV infection and genotypes, as well as the sexual health of the participants. All variables were described using frequencies and percentage distribution; chi-squared test statistics were used to explore the association between HPV infection (medical records of HPV infection) and the participants' profile, and a logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the factors associated with HPV genital warts infection among the population. This study reveals those participants between the ages of 26-40 years (81.3%) and those currently not in a sexually active relationship-single/divorced (26.4%)-who have self-reported having the HPV-16 and -18 genotypes. Moreover, participants between 26-40 years of age (OR: 0.45, 95%CI: 0.22-0.89) reported themselves to be carriers of HPV genital warts. Therefore, this study reveals the factors associated with HPV infection and genital warts peculiar to IBB university students and staff. Hence, we suggest the need for HPV awareness programs and free HPV vaccine availability at IBB university.
This research will evaluate different virtual methods of pre-test genetic counseling and post-test genetic results disclosure in people with Parkinson's disease. Participants will be randomized to receive different methods of genetic counseling using web-based, telephone, or telehealth methods. In both pre- and post-test counseling phases, remote genetic counseling methods will be compared to demonstrate equivalence. The primary outcomes will be equivalence on genetics knowledge and outcomes scales, and the revised impact of events scale. The purpose is to develop effective and scalable approaches to genetic counseling. This work is crucial for patient safety and will improve access to care through novel genetic counseling approaches.
The efficacy of FYCOMPA in partial-onset seizures, with or without secondary generalization, was studied in patients who were not adequately controlled with 1 to 3 concomitant AEDs in 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trials (Studies 1, 2, and 3) in adult and pediatric patients (12 years of age and older). All trials had an initial 6-week Baseline Period, during which patients were required to have more than five seizures in order to be randomized. The Baseline Period was followed by a 19-week Treatment Period consisting of a 6-week Titration Phase and a 13-week Maintenance Phase. Patients in these 3 trials had a mean duration of epilepsy of approximately 21 years and a median baseline seizure frequency ranging from 9 to 14 seizures per 28 days. During the trials, more than 85% of patients were taking 2 to 3 concomitant AEDs with or without concurrent vagal nerve stimulation, and approximately 50% were on at least one AED known to induce CYP3A4, an enzyme critical to the metabolism of FYCOMPA (i.e., carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, or phenytoin), resulting in a significant reduction in FYCOMPA’s serum concentration [see Drug Interactions (7.2), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

Each study evaluated placebo and multiple FYCOMPA dosages (see Figure 1). During the Titration period in all 3 trials, patients on FYCOMPA received an initial 2 mg once daily dose, which was subsequently increased in weekly increments of 2 mg per day to the final dose. Patients experiencing intolerable adverse reactions were permitted to have their dose reduced to the previously tolerated dose.

The primary endpoint in Studies 1, 2, and 3 was the percent change in seizure frequency per 28 days during the Treatment Period as compared to the Baseline Period. The criterion for statistical significance was p<0.05. A statistically significant decrease in seizure rate was observed at doses of 4 to 12 mg per day. Dose response was apparent at 4 to 8 mg with little

additional reduction in frequency at 12 mg per day.

Figure 1. Median Percent Reduction in Seizure Frequency per 28 Days from Baseline to Treatment Period

Tables 4 and 5 present an analysis combining data from all 3 studies, grouping patients based upon whether or not concomitant enzyme-inducing AEDs (carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, or phenytoin) were used. The analysis revealed a substantially reduced effect in the presence of inducers.

Figure 2 shows the proportion of patients with different percent reductions during the maintenance phase over baseline across all three trials. Patients in whom the seizure frequency increased are shown at left as “worse.” Patients in whom the seizure frequency decreased are shown in the remaining four categories.

Figure 2. Proportion of Patients Exhibiting Different Percent Reductions During the Maintenance Phase Over Baseline Across All Three Trials. 

The percentages of patients with a 50% or greater reduction in seizure frequency were 19%, 29%, 35%, 35% for placebo, 4, 8, and 12 mg, respectively.
Patients complete a survey about knowledge of, attitudes towards, and awareness of genetic testing and technology preferences and use over 30 minutes at baseline and over 20 minutes at exit or follow up. Patients may also undergo genetic testing.
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We compared the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) on renal outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes, focusing on the changes in eGFR and albuminuria.
METHODS: This was a multicentre retrospective observational study on new users of diabetes medications. Participant characteristics were assessed before and after propensity score matching. The primary endpoint, change in eGFR, was analysed using mixed-effects models. Secondary endpoints included categorical eGFR-based outcomes and changes in albuminuria. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to assess robustness of the findings.
RESULTS: After matching, 5701 participants/group were included. Participants were predominantly male, aged 61 years, with a 10 year duration of diabetes, a baseline HbA1c of 64 mmol/mol (8.0%) and BMI of 33 kg/m2. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was present in 23% of participants. During a median of 2.1 years, from a baseline of 87 ml/min per 1.73 m2, eGFR remained higher in the SGLT2i group compared with the GLP-1RA group throughout the observation period by 1.2 ml/min per 1.73 m2. No differences were detected in albuminuria change. The SGLT2i group exhibited lower rates of worsening CKD class and favourable changes in BP compared with the GLP-1RA group, despite lesser HbA1c decline. SGLT2i also reduced eGFR decline better than GLP-1RA in participants without baseline CKD.
CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: In individuals with type 2 diabetes, treatment with SGLT2i was associated with better preservation of renal function compared with GLP-1RA, as evidenced by slower decline in eGFR. These findings reinforce SGLT2i as preferred agents for renal protection in this patient population.