anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Acetaminophen: Rimantadine hydrochloride, 100 mg, was given twice daily for 13 days to 12 healthy volunteers. On day 11, acetaminophen (650 mg four times daily) was started and continued for 8 days. The pharmacokinetics of rimantadine were assessed on days 11 and 13. Co-administration with acetaminophen reduced the peak concentration and AUC values for rimantadine by approximately 11%. 

Aspirin: Rimantadine hydrochloride, 100 mg, was given twice daily for 13 days to 12 healthy volunteers. On day 11, aspirin (650 mg, four times daily) was started and continued for 8 days. The pharmacokinetics of rimantadine were assessed on days 11 and 13. Peak plasma concentrations and AUC of rimantadine were reduced approximately 10% in the presence of aspirin. 

Cimetidine: When a single 100 mg dose of rimantadine hydrochloride was administered with steady-state cimetidine (300 mg four times a day), there were no statistically significant differences in rimantadine Cmax or AUC between rimantadine hydrochloride alone and rimantadine hydrochloride in the presence of cimetdine.

Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV): The concurrent use of rimantadine hydrochloride with live attenuated intranasal influenza vaccine has not been evaluated. However, because of potential interference between these products, the live attenuated intranasal influenza vaccine should not be administered until 48 hours after cessation of rimantadine hydrochloride and rimantadine hydrochloride should not be administered until two weeks after the administration of live attenuated intranasal influenza vaccine unless medically indicated. The concern about potential interference arises principally from the potential for antiviral drugs to inhibit replication of live vaccine virus.
Nearly one in three adults in rural communities has prediabetes, a condition that increases the risk of heart attacks and stroke but can be managed by use of metformin, lifestyle interventions, and control of major cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. However, current prediabetes care is characterized by: (a) delayed recognition of prediabetes; (b) patient unawareness of effective treatment options for prediabetes; (c) poor control of concomitant major CV risk factors; (d) very low rates of metformin initiation; and (e) low rates of follow up to assess ongoing effectiveness of prediabetes management.1-3 Increased use of electronic health records (EHR) in rural communities now provides a new opportunity to improve awareness and management of prediabetes and to reduce these patients' significant CV risk burden. In this project, we implement and evaluate an EHR-linked, Web-based clinical decision support (CDS) system that identifies patients with prediabetes and provides patients and their primary care providers personalized, evidence-based CDS and follow up to reduce risk of heart attacks or stroke. To accomplish this objective, we randomly allocate 30 primary care clinics with their 450 primary care providers and estimated 17,000 prediabetes patients to one of two intervention arms: Usual Care; or else the prediabetes CDS to optimize management and follow up of prediabetes patients with uncontrolled CV risk factors. Random-effects models assess intervention impact on: (a) American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) pooled CV risk; (b) major CV risk factors (blood pressure, lipids, HbA1c, smoking, and BMI); (c) use of evidence-based drugs, including metformin, and lifestyle interventions to manage prediabetes; and (d) patient and provider satisfaction with the intervention strategy. We also conduct a state-of-the-art cost and a cost-effectiveness analysis of the interventions relative to usual care. The Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework, supplemented by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), is used to assess implementation processes and outcomes in a rural/urban health system.

The results of the project will provide a template for implementation of personalized CDS tools in rural and urban health settings, resulting in more efficient and effective rural healthcare that can be broadly applied across many clinical domains, incorporates patient treatment preferences, and has the potential to substantially improve the quality of CV care and clinical outcomes of millions of Americans with prediabetes residing in medically underserved areas.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a widely used method in dermatology clinics for treatment of superficial skin cancers and premalignant lesions. Actinic keratoses (AKs) are premalignant skin lesions which develop due to long-lasting sun exposure and in time can progress into squamocellular skin cancer if left untreated. The incidence of AKs and skin cancers is rapidly booming as the elderly population increases in western countries. It is crucial to treat AKs early and effectively considering their tendency to progress into malign cancer. The current general consensus for treating AKs is to treat large sun-damaged skin areas simultaneously instead of separate AK lesions. Term "skin field cancerization" refers to presence of different degrees of visible and invisible dysplastic changes in widely sun-damaged skin. Natural daylight mediated photodynamic therapy (NDL-PDT) is a well-suited method for treating large field-cancerized skin areas.

In PDT a photosensitizing cream is applied on the skin and let to absorb. After absorption to the skin cells the photosensitizer changes into protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). PpIX reacts with visible light causing a phototoxic reaction which destroys cancer cells targetedly. After absorption the skin can be illuminated using a red lamp (conventional PDT) or natural daylight (NDL-PDT) as the absorption spectrum peaks of PpIX are within the visual spectrum of light.

In Finland the approved photosensitizers for PDT are methyl 5-aminolevulinate cream (MAL, Metvix®, Galderma) and aminolevulinic acid gel (BF-200 ALA, Ameluz®, Biofrontera AG). They both have been clinically studied and proved effective in conventional PDT but in NDL-PDT mainly MAL has been in focus of studies. To our knowledge there is only research report concerning the use of BF-200 ALA in NDL-PDT (Neittaanmaki-Perttu et al 2014) which is a study of our own research group. In this study BF-200 ALA appeared to be more effective than MAL.
Several methods have been put forward to quantify cumulative loads; however, limited evidence exists as to the subsequent damages and the role of muscular fatigue. The present study assessed whether muscular fatigue could affect cumulative damage imposed on the L5-S1 joint. Trunk muscle electromyographic (EMG) activities and kinematics/kinetics of 18 healthy male individuals were evaluated during a simulated repetitive lifting task. A traditional EMG-assisted model of the lumbar spine was modified to account for the effect of erector spinae fatigue. L5-S1 compressive loads for each lifting cycle were estimated based on varying (i.e. actual), fatigue-modified, and constant Gain factors. The corresponding damages were integrated to calculate the cumulative damage. Moreover, the damage calculated for one lifting cycle was multiplied by the lifting frequency, as the traditional approach. Compressive loads and the damages obtained through the fatigue-modified model were predicted in close agreement with the actual values. Similarly, the difference between actual damages and those driven by the traditional approach was not statistically significant (p = 0.219). However, damages based on a constant Gain factor were significantly greater than those based on the actual (p = 0.012), fatigue-modified (p = 0.017), and traditional (p = 0.007) approaches.Practitioner summary: In this study, we managed to include the effect of muscular fatigue on cumulative lumbar damage calculations. Including the effect of muscular fatigue leads to an accurate estimation of cumulative damages while eliminating computational complexity. However, using the traditional approach also appears to provide acceptable estimates for ergonomic assessments.
The PALM registry is a multicenter, observational registry aimed at evaluating how cholesterol management is applied in current clinical practice. This registry will recruit approximately 175 sites in the United States to enroll 7,500 patients with cardiovascular risk factors warranting consideration of lipid-lowering therapies as well as those already on statin therapy. Enrolling clinicians will include primary care providers, internal medicine providers, family medicine providers, cardiologists, and endocrinologists. Site selection will also target geographic diversity to ensure representation from all regions of the U.S., including rural and urban areas, as well as from minority populations. This registry is unique featuring the use of a mobile tablet-based enrollment device. This tablet-based enrollment tool is designed to adapt to the workflow of an outpatient practice, allowing research procedures (including screening, informed consent and patient survey) to be carried out during the patient visit, and maximizes paper-less data entry. All patient management decisions (including the choice of cholesterol-lowering therapy) are completely at the discretion of the care providers. This registry will involve retrospective and prospective patient data collection. Baseline data from patients and physicians will be collected. There will be no patient follow-up.

The target sample size (n=7,500) in this registry is not determined based on statistical considerations, but is based upon a non-probabilistic sampling approach, in order to obtain sufficient exposure data in patients who are in the various atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk groups. During the enrollment period, balance across groups will be maintained by frequent monitoring of enrollment. Adaptive enrollment and capping will be considered to ensure adequate exposure across groups, physician type, and geographic location. Data quality will be assured by web-based or application-based data collection tool queries and data quality reports . Data quality control measures will include: data entry missing and range checks, data validation checks; standard record level checks that are run on the database to identify suspected duplicate, blank, or missing records; and logic checks and data surveillance of trends in data entry and query processing. The tools will prompt user to correct any missing, out of range, or potentially incorrect data. There are no interventions, no outside monitoring of sites nor a DSMB with this registry.
OBJECTIVES: Patients with liver transplant can present to a pediatric emergency department with short- and long-term complications of transplant. Here, we described clinical features of pediatric liver transplant patients admitted to the pediatric emergency department and identified risk factors that may lead to pediatric intensive care unit admission.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated pediatric liver transplant patients admitted posttransplant to Baskent University Hospital's pediatric emergency department in 2023. We noted symptoms, laboratory tests, hospitalization status, and final diagnoses. We compared clinical and laboratory features of patients admitted or not admitted to the intensive care unit.
RESULTS: In 2023, 108 presentations of 33 liver transplant patients presented to our pediatric emergency department: 46.3% were girls, mean age was 7.79 ± 4.40 years, and median posttransplant day at time of emergency department visit was 622 days. Common symptoms were vomiting (48%), fever (46%), and rhinorrhea and cough (34%). Forty-nine visits (45.4%) resulted in hospitalization; 5 visits (4.6%) resulted in PICU admission, with 2 mortalities (1.8%). Final diagnoses included acute gastroenteritis and upper respiratory tract infections (23 patients) and lower respiratory tract infections (13 patients). Seven patients had cholangitis, 6 had intra-abdominal infection, and 5 had sepsis. Seizures and sepsis were significantly correlated with intensive care unit admission (P <.001). Patients admitted to the intensive care unit had significantly shorter time posttransplant versus other patients (518 ± 324 vs 1498 ± 1658 days; P < .001).
CONCLUSIONS: Half of patients who presented to the emergency department required hospitalization mainly for observation and supportive treatment, with a small number requiring intensive care unit admission. Nevertheless, physicians caring for liver transplant patients should be aware of serious complications and monitor patients closely, especially early posttransplant when intensive immunosuppressive treatment regimens are used.
BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy-induced alopecia is a common consequence of cancer treatment with a high psychological impact on patients and can be prevented by scalp cooling (SC). With this multi-center patient series, we examined the results for multiple currently used chemotherapy regimens to offer an audit into the real-world determinants of SC efficacy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Dutch Scalp Cooling Registry collected data on 7424 scalp-cooled patients in 68 Dutch hospitals. Nurses and patients completed questionnaires on patient characteristics, chemotherapy, and SC protocol. Patient-reported primary outcomes at the start of the final SC session included head cover (HC) (eg, wig/scarf) use (yes/no) as a surrogate for patient satisfaction with SC and WHO score for alopecia (0 = no hair loss up to 3 = total alopecia) as a measure of scalp cooling success. Exhaustive logistic regression analysis stratified by chemotherapy regimen was implemented to examine characteristics and interactions associated with the SC result.
RESULTS: Overall, over half of patients (n = 4191, 56%) did not wear a HC and 53% (n = 3784/7183) reported minimal hair loss (WHO score 0/1) at the start of their final treatment. Outcomes were drug and dose dependent. Besides the chemotherapy regimen, this study did not identify any patient characteristic or lifestyle factor as a generic determinant influencing SC success. For non-gender specific cancers, gender played no statistically significant role in HC use nor WHO score.
CONCLUSIONS: Scalp cooling is effective for the majority of patients. The robust model for evaluating the drug and dose-specific determinants of SC efficacy revealed no indications for changes in daily practice, suggesting factors currently being overlooked. As no correlation was identified between the determinants explaining HC use and WHO score outcomes, new methods for evaluation are warranted.
Placebo (capsules identically looking as acetazolamide capsules; 1 in the morning, 1 in the evening), orally. Medication starts 24 hours before ascent to 3600 m until the morning after the second night at 3600 m.
PURPOSE:To obtain a skin drug for external use, containing a specific branched fatty acid and alcohol, capable of improving percutaneous permeability of a water-soluble pharmcodynamic agent and excellent in humectant effects and persistent effects thereof. CONSTITUTION:A skin drug for external use containing (A) a branched fatty acid (e.g. 2-methylnonanoic acid or 2-ethyloctanoic acid) which is liquid at 20 deg.C and (B) an alcohol (e.g. ethanol, propanol or polyethylene glycol) which is freely miscible with the ingredient (A) at 20 deg.C. The ingredient (A) is blended in an amount of 0.1-90wt.%, preferably 1-50wt.% in the drug for the external use. The ingredient (B) is blended in an amount of 2-90wt.%, preferably 5-70wt.% in the drug for the external use. The above-mentioned drug for external use can be prepared in an optional dosage form, such as ointment, plaster, liniment, cataplasma or emulsion.
This is an open-label (all people know the identity of the intervention), Phase 1 dose escalation, 2-part study (Part I and Part II). In Part I of the study, the Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) defined as the highest dose with an observed incidence of dose limiting toxicity (DLT) in no more than 1 in 6 patients, will be determined using rapid escalation (Stage 1) followed by conventional escalation (Stage 2). In Stage 1, at least 2 patients will be enrolled at each dose level; dose increments of 100% will be applied. In Stage 2, at least 3 patients will be enrolled at each dose level and dose increments of 20-50% will be implemented. Decisions on dose escalation or de-escalation, changes in the timing of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic sampling, and the exploration of an alternative schedule were to be made by the Study Evaluation Team (SET), which consisted of all principal investigators, the medical monitor, and 1 of the sponsor's clinical pharmacologists. Part II of the study will be the expansion phase, which will begin after the MTD had been determined in Part I and an additional cohort of patients with MDS will be enrolled to further explore the safety and activity of JNJ 26481585 in patients with MDS. The starting dose for patients enrolled in Part II of the study was to be the MTD established in Part I. Depending on the outcome, the SET may decide to continue at the MTD dose, or dose-de-escalate to the next lower level (25 50% decrement from MTD). The cohort for MDS will be expanded to consist of 16 evaluable patients. Safety will be evaluated throughout the study and will include evaluations of adverse events clinical laboratory tests, electrocardiogram (ECG), vital signs, 24 hours Holter ECG, physical examination, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status and Multiple Gated Acquisition scan or echocardiography.
This trial has been developed in TNBC, a breast cancer subtype with a particularly poor prognosis. The product used for treating participating patients will be selected PD1-positive TILs. Such TILs will be manufactured in Hospital Clinic under the name of NUMARZU-001. The procotol has been designed in three parts to better select participating patients. Molecular pre-screening has been established to select tumors with a higher probability of enrichment by PD1-positive TILs. The pre- screening consists of performing a tumor biopsy and selecting isolation and expansion of PD1- postive TILs to manufacture the final product NUMARZU-001. This part could last almost four weeks, as such patients will continue with the established treatment in the meanwhile. Finally, NUMARZU-001 will be administered if the patient is eligible for part three of the protocol.
A vaccine for combating Salmonella dublin infection in calves comprises the strain of Salmonella dublin having the A.T.C.C. deposit number 15480 and a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent. The vaccine is preferably in the form of an injectable composition and may be formulated using freeze-dried organisms.  The organisms may be harvested from an ordinary culture and re-suspended in conventional diluents or a broth culture of the organisms may be used as the vaccine.  Useful degrees of immunity against Salmonella dublin infection in calves are also obtained by vaccines comprising a live attenuated strain of Salmonella gallinarum, and a mixed vaccine containing the above Salmonella dublin vaccine and Salmonella gallinarum vaccine.  The Salmonella dublin vaccine may be used as a prophylactic measure against related Salmonella infections, e.g. Salmonella typhimurium infections.
A method of storing on a remote storage device protocol information for a drug for administration via a peristaltic pump is disclosed. A communications path between the peristaltic (10) pump and the remote storage device (20) is provided. The protocol information for the drug is entered into the peristaltic pump. The protocol information is transferred from the peristaltic pump to the remote storage device. The protocol information for the drug is stored on the remote storage device. History information may be retrieved from the peristaltic pump. A user request is received requesting retrieval of history information from the peristaltic pump. A pump request is formatted to retrieve history information. The pump request to receive history information is transmitted to the peristaltic pump. The history information is received from the peristaltic pump. The history information can be displayed and/or stored.
Participants get real time neurofeedback based on an experimental regions' activity and receive a 0.9% saline solution (i.v.) over 40 minutes.
Clinicians within practices assigned to the Education/Feedback group received a personal email from one of the authors at the outset of the project explaining that the Committee on Infectious Diseases of the American Academy of Pediatrics (the "Red Book Committee") recommends limiting the duration of antibiotic treatment for uncomplicated CAP to 5 days and for uncomplicated SSTI to 5-7 days. The email also shared data on the performance of the individual PCC and their practice for CAP and SSTI for the baseline period and the goals for each-50% for CAP and 67% for SST. An infographic was also attached to the email which could be printed and displayed in the PCC's work area. One month and two months into the project period, each PCC in the Education/Feedback group received an email reminding them of the recommendations and updating them on their performance since the previous email.
While randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical studies are the gold standard for evaluating the efficacy of investigational drugs, the use of placebo in children with achondroplasia should be limited because it provides no clinical benefit while exhausting study participants' treatment window. Recifercept is an investigational drug for treating children with achondroplasia aged 2-10 years. An alternative efficacy evaluation method, instead of a placebo control arm, was employed in the phase II study. Prior to participating in the phase II study, participants completed a natural history (NH) study. Based on the NH data, a multi-variate linear mixed effects natural disease course model of three anthropometric end points (standing height, sitting height, and arm span) was developed. The model was validated using published growth charts of children with achondroplasia. Subsequently, the model was used to simulate the natural growth trajectories (without any treatment) of the three anthropometric end points for the individuals enrolled in the phase II study. To quantify the efficacy of recifercept, the simulations were compared with the observations post-recifercept treatment in the phase II study. For all the tested doses of recifercept, at the individual level, the observations were comparable to the simulations at 6 and 12 months post-recifercept treatment, suggesting no treatment effect. The results contributed to the decision of terminating recifercept clinical development. This work delivers a framework that could eliminate the need for placebo in clinical trials yet provide sufficient evidence for evaluating the efficacy of an investigational drug.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare a foamy cosmetic for the skin or hair capable of easily taken on a hand, having excellent use feeling and good storing stability. SOLUTION: This foamy cosmetic for the skin or hair contains 45-99wt.% of a liquid oil (e.g. liquid paraffin), 0.1-15wt.% dextrin fatty acid ester (e.g. dextrin palmitate), 0.1-20wt.% of a nonionic surfactant excepting the dextrin fatty acid ester (e.g. sorbitan monolaurate) and 0.01-20wt.% water. A propellant (e.g. isopentane) and the above obtained raw liquid in a weight ratio of the former/the latter of (2/98)-(20/80) are filled in a pressure-resistant vessel, etc. This cosmetic containing the raw liquid and the propellant becomes a good foamy state when propelled in the use and readily be coated without dropping the liquid. This cosmetic can be used variously by suitably selecting an addition component according to the purpose of makeup.