anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a rare disease of the airway for which there is no known cure. Treatment involves the surgical removal or destruction of these lesions. There has been a long-standing debate over the effectiveness of the adjuvant intralesional injection of the immune modifying agent bevacizumab. This study is a systematic review investigating the effect of adjuvant intralesional bevacizumab on patients with laryngeal papillomatosis. The main objective was to assess functional outcomes and efficacy.
DATA SOURCES: Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science.
REVIEW METHODS: Search words were "intralesional bevacizumab" AND "recurrent respiratory papillomatosis." Sources were systematically identified using inclusion and exclusion criteria (ie, study publication must post-date 2000, must be peer-reviewed, investigate patients with RRP, apply bevacizumab intralesionally, not systemically). Findings were then collected and analyzed.
RESULTS: Ten studies were included for analysis. The majority of these studies found an increase in the surgical interval, voice outcomes, and a decrease in tumor burden in most patients. No studies reported side effects or lasting complications related to the bevacizumab injection.
CONCLUSION: This systematic review provides further evidence for the safety of intralesional bevacizumab injections and their likely positive effect on disease control. Future research would benefit from the implementation of standardized documentation of RRP outcomes.
Urate-lowering treatment (ULT) to target with xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOIs) paradoxically causes early increase in gouty arthritis flares. Because delayed reduction in flare burden is mechanistically unclear, we tested for ULT inflammation responsiveness markers. Unbiased proteomics analyzed blood samples (baseline, 48 weeks ULT) in two, independent ULT out trial cohorts (n = 19, n = 30). STRING-db and multivariate analyses supplemented determinations of altered proteins via Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank testing in XOI ULT responders. Mechanistic studies characterized proteomes of cultured XOI-treated murine bone marrow macrophages (BMDMs). At 48 weeks ULT, serum urate normalized in all gout patients, and flares declined in association with significantly altered proteins (p < 0.05) in clustering and proteome networks in sera and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Sera demonstrated altered complement activation and regulatory gene ontology biologic processes. In both cohorts, a treatment-emergent serum interactome included key gouty inflammation mediators (C5, IL-1B, CXCL8, IL6). Last, febuxostat treatment decreased complement activation biologic process proteins in cultured BMDMs. Reduced gout flares are linked with a XOI treatment-emergent serum protein interactome that includes inflammation regulators, associated with altered complement activation and regulatory biologic processes. Serum and leukocyte proteomics could help identify when gouty inflammatory processes begin to subside in response to ULT.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02579096, posted October 19, 2015.
Fetal complete (3°) atrioventricular block (AVB), identified in the 2nd trimester in an otherwise normally developing heart, is almost universally associated with maternal anti-Ro autoantibodies, which transcytose the placenta via the trophoblastic IgG receptor, FcγRn. The burden of 3° AVB is considerable: perinatal mortality of 18% exceeds that for all non-cardiac congenital anomalies combined, and almost all survivors require lifelong cardiac pacing with its associated complications. It has been speculated that full expression of conduction disease occurs by sequential fetal progression from normal rhythm (NR) to 1° AVB \[prolonged AV interval assessed by echocardiogram (echo)\], to 2° AVB (irregular cardiac rhythm or bradycardia), culminating in 3° AVB. Fetal heart rate and rhythm monitoring (FHRM) suggests a time interval of \~12 hours for the transition from NR to 3° AVB, albeit the culprit biologic processes (inflammation leading to fibrosis) likely initiate prior to clinical detection. Anecdotal evidence suggests this transition period, marked by an irregular rhythm and/or bradycardia, may be the only window of opportunity for anti-inflammatory treatment to restore NR.

A barrier to preventing progression to 3° AVB is the absence of a technique to accurately surveil for the precipitate transition from NR to 3° AVB. Surveillance limited to weekly echos (current standard of care) may be too infrequent to detect this transition period when treatment is most likely to be effective. We have now obviated this obstacle and shown that ambulatory FHRM by the mother at home with confirmation of abnormal findings by echo is not only feasible but may afford rapid treatment restoring NR. Combining results from studies comprising 275 anti-Ro+ pregnancies, 87% completed monitoring with a false positive rate of 5%. In 4 cases of 2° AVB identified by FHRM and treated \<12h, AVB reversed. Remarkably, no cases of 2° or 3° AVB were missed, suggesting mothers can recognize abnormal FHRM, reducing or precluding the need for weekly echos.

The proposed project combines the expertise of fetal cardiologist Bettina F. Cuneo, MD, initiator and PI of the FHRM program, and rheumatologist Jill P. Buyon, MD, founder/director of the largest extant registry of anti-Ro-mediated AVB, whose research on the pathogenesis supports a fetal inflammatory component associated with high-titer antibodies. Participants will be referred from 35 sites in 3 sequential Steps: 1) Screening for high titer anti-Ro60 or Ro52 centrally in Dr. Buyon's lab; 2) Surveillance by FHRM 3x daily and weekly echo; 3) Treatment of 2° AVB identified by FHRM confirmed by echo. Feasibility of FHRM supported by weekly echo of high-autoantibody-titer mothers will be leveraged to address the efficacy of expeditious (\<12 h after detection) treatment of 2° AVB as well as the incidence/outcome of AV interval prolongation and extra-nodal disease.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of core stabilization training on respiratory muscle strength, respiratory functions, and postural control in children with hearing loss.
DESIGN: We conducted a randomized controlled trial at Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation. Thirty children with hearing loss who were diagnosed with prelingual sensorineural hearing loss were randomly allocated to the study (n = 15, 12.20 ± 1.69 years) and control (n = 15, 11.87 ± 2.20 years) groups. Core stabilization training protocol was performed by the study group for 8 weeks, 5 days/week, whereas the control group received no training. The primary outcome measure was respiratory muscle strength. The secondary outcome measures were: spirometry, postural control tests on Biodex Balance System, and Balance Error Scoring System (BESS). Exercise adherence was recorded via a diary for home sessions. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and the end of the 8 weeks.
RESULTS: In the study group, a significant improvement was observed in force vital capacity, peak expiratory flow of the spirometry test, maximum inspiratory pressure/expiratory pressure (MEP) of the respiratory muscle strength test; postural stability test except "anterior/posterior stability index", limits of stability test except "backward" and "forward/right", all parameters of the Modified Clinical Test for Sensory Interaction and Balance (mCTSIB) test except "eyes closed firm surface" of the Biodex Balance System, and total score of BESS. Group × time interaction was found in MEP, "overall" stability index in postural stability test, "overall," "left," and "backward left" of limits of stability test, all parameters of the mCTSIB, and BESS total.
CONCLUSIONS: Core stabilization exercises were effective in improving respiratory muscle strength, spirometry, and postural control in children with hearing loss.
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of sexual disorders in stage 2 - 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) during predialysis and its relationship with laboratory parameters.
METHODS AND RESULTS: This cross-sectional study included 110 predialysis patients and 110 healthy controls admitted to clinics. The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) were used. Sexual dysfunction was detected in 76% of female patients and 31.4% of the control group, and the FSFI total and subscale scores of the patients were significantly lower than those of the control group. The frequency of erectile dysfunction in male patients and controls was 56.7% and 33.3%, respectively. The erectile function, sexual satisfaction, and overall satisfaction scores on the IIEF scale were significantly lower than those in the control group. Low glomerular filtration rate, high calcium levels, increased C-reactive protein, anemia, and metabolic acidosis in male and female patients, and testosterone deficiency in male patients were associated with sexual dysfunction. In multiple regression analysis, eGFR was the only independent variable associated with sexual dysfunction. Luteinizing hormone (LH) and prolactin levels increased as the disease progressed in men and women with sexual dysfunction, while testosterone levels decreased in male patients. Low testosterone levels were related to erectile dysfunction. The increase in parathormone and prolactin levels was related to loss of libido in the male and female patient groups.
CONCLUSION: Metabolic acidosis and low eGFR appear to be the most important risk factors contributing to sexual disorders in patients with CKD.
INTRODUCTION: Biologic therapy is an effective treatment for inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. However due to cost and safety concerns, dose de-escalation strategies after achieving remission have been suggested.
AIM: To critically review available data on dose de-escalation of biologics [or other advanced therapies] in IBD. We will focus on studies evaluating de-escalation to standard dosing in patients initially optimised, and also on studies assessing de-escalation from standard dosing.
METHODS: A systematic bibliographic search was performed.
RESULTS: The mean frequency of de-escalation after previous dose intensification [12 studies, 1,474 patients] was 34%. The corresponding frequency of de-escalation from standard dosing [five studies, 3,842 patients] was 4.2%. The relapse rate of IBD following anti-tumour necrosis factor [TNF] de-escalation to standard dosing in patients initially dose-escalated [10 studies, 301 patients] was 30%. The corresponding relapse rate following anti-TNF de-escalation from standard dosing [nine studies, 494 patients] was 38%. The risk of relapse was lower for patients in clinical, biologic, and endoscopic/radiological remission at the time of de-escalation. A role of anti-TNF therapeutic drug monitoring in the decision to dose de-escalate has been demonstrated. In patients relapsing after de-escalation, re-escalation is generally effective. De-escalation is not consistently associated with a better safety profile. The cost-effectiveness of the de-escalation strategy remains uncertain. Finally, there is not enough evidence to recommend dose de-escalation of biologics different from anti-TNFs or small molecules.
CONCLUSIONS: Any consideration for de-escalation of biologic therapy in IBD must be tailored, taking into account the risks and consequences of a flare and patients' preferences.
Fibrotic changes in musculoskeletal diseases arise from the abnormal buildup of fibrotic tissue around the joints, leading to limited mobility, compromised joint function, and diminished quality of life. Relaxin (RLX) attenuates fibrosis by accelerating collagen degradation and inhibiting excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) production. Further, RLX disrupts myofibroblast activation by modulating the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathways, which reduces connective tissue fibrosis. However, the mechanisms and effects of RLX in musculoskeletal pathologies are emerging as increasing research focuses on relaxin's impact on skin, ligaments, tendons, cartilage, joint capsules, connective tissues, and muscles. This review delineates the actions of relaxin within the musculoskeletal system and the challenges to its clinical application. Relaxin shows significant potential in both in vivo and in vitro studies for broadly managing musculoskeletal fibrosis; however, challenges such as short biological half-life and sex-specific responses may pose hurdles for clinical use.
Data of this group is medical records before the application of the intraoperative hypothermia prediction model, which will be collected from the electronic medical record system. Estimated sample size is 700 cases.
The present invention highlights the role of acetyl-CoA carboxylase through its product malonyl-CoA in regulating fatty acid oxidation and synthesis, glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis. It discloses transgenic mice with inactivating mutations in the endogenous gene for the acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 isoform of acetyl-CoA caboxylase. Inactivation of acetyl-CoA caroxylase 2 results in mice exhibiting a phenotype of reduced malonyl-CoA levels in skeletal muscle and heart, unrestricted fat oxidation, and reduced fat accumulation in the liver and fat storage cells. As a result, the mice consume more food but accumulate less fat and remain leaner than wild-type mice fed the same diet. These results demonstrate that inhibition of ACC2 acetyl-CoA  carboxylase could be used to regulate fat oxidation and accumulation for purposes of weight control. The instant invention provides a useful animal model to regulate malonyl-CoA production by ACC2 in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation by muscle, heart, liver and other tissues. They also identify potential inhibitors for studying the mechanisms of fat metabolism and weight control.
Obesity is a growing concern. 42.3% of people in the U.S were considered obese between 2017-2018. Much is still unknown about the genetic components that contribute to weight gain. In humans, the hormone glucagon is a major contributor to the body's energy regulation as it signals for the breakdown of lipids. Treatments targeting the glucagon pathway have helped patients with both weight loss and appetite suppression. Understanding the genetic modifiers of glucagon signaling and its downstream pathways could enable the development of a wider variety of effective therapeutics. In this study, we blocked the glucagon pathway in Drosophila melanogaster by reducing the expression of the fly ortholog of the glucagon receptor (AKHR). We then crossed our model to the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) and looked for natural variation in fat content. We used variation in larval density to identify candidate modifier genes through a genome-wide association study. We then tested these modifier genes by increasing or decreasing their expression in the AKHR model. We screened these candidates initially with the same density assay used in the original study to narrow down to four candidate genes that substantially impacted the density of the larvae: THADA, AmyD, GluRIIC, and CG9826. We further characterized these candidates using biochemical assays to analyze stored metabolites such as triglycerides, glucose, glycogen, and protein under control, high sugar, and high fat conditions to see if the larvae are resistant to environmental changes. Our results indicate consistency between the results of the density assay and direct measurement of metabolite levels. In particular, THADA and AmyD are highlighted as interesting genes for additional study. We hope to improve our understanding of the glucagon signaling pathway, obesity, and lipid metabolism. We also aim to provide candidate genes that can be regarded as future therapeutic targets.
An anticancer agent, health food having anticancer effects by using the same material, and a manufacturing method thereof are provided to treat cancer without toxicity and side effects by using common and inexpensive natural products. The anticancer agent comprises 100 parts by weight of Sargassum fulvellum and 5-15 parts by weight of Gleditsia japonica M var. koraiensis Nakai. The method for manufacturing the anticancer agent comprises the steps of: mixing cuts of Sargassum fulvellum and Gledischia Gleditsia japonica M var. koraiensis Nakai and heating them in water at 150-200 deg. C for 3-5 hours; freeze-drying the extracts at temperature of -40 to -50 deg. C and pressure of 0.1 mb for 20-40 minutes under vacuum condition to prepare concentrated powder; and formulating the concentrated powder into tablet, capsule, pill, granule, powder or liquid. The health food having anticancer effects contains the extracts of Sargassum fulvellum and Gleditsia japonica M var. koraiensis Nakai.
Of the 2644 patients who received ACTEMRA in Studies I to V [see Clinical Studies (14)], a total of 435 rheumatoid arthritis patients were 65 years of age and older, including 50 patients 75 years and older. Of the 1069 patients who received ACTEMRA-SC in studies SC-I and SC-II there were 295 patients 65 years of age and older, including 41 patients 75 years and older. The frequency of serious infection among ACTEMRA treated subjects 65 years of age and older was higher than those under the age of 65. As there is a higher incidence of infections in the elderly population in general, caution should be used when treating the elderly. 

Clinical studies that included ACTEMRA for CRS did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger patients.

In the EMPACTA, COVACTA, and REMDACTA studies, of the 974 COVID-19 patients in the ACTEMRA arm, 375 (39%) were 65 years of age or older. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness of ACTEMRA were observed between patients 65 years of age and older and those under the age of 65 years of age in these studies [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) and Clinical Studies (14.11)].

In the RECOVERY study, of the 2022 COVID-19 patients in the ACTEMRA arm, 930 (46%) were 65 years of age or older. No overall differences in effectiveness of ACTEMRA were observed between patients 65 years of age and older and those under the age 65 years of age in this study [see Clinical Studies (14.11)].
The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine formula for treating acne and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine formula is as follows: 15g of saffron, 15g of trichosanthes root, 15g of talcum, 15g of radix paeoniae rubrathe, 15g of weeping forsythia, 15g of wild chrysanthemum flower, 15g of mint, 15g of pearl powder, 15g of phellodendron, and 15g of Baikal skullcap root. The preparation method comprises the following steps: except pearl powder, weighing other traditional Chinese medicines of the formula according to weight ratios; crushing and milling the other traditional Chinese medicines to obtain powder having a particle size of 100 meshes; adding peal powder of the formula based on a weight ratio, and milling the pearl powder to make it have a particle size of 150 meshes; and carrying out mixing evenly and then packing in a manner of 30g of each package. And thus traditional Chinese medicine formula powder for treating acne is obtained. By the utilization of the traditional Chinese medicine provided in the invention, after three days, pustular acne is improved substantially; after 15 days, the pustular acne is cured substantially and the skin is fine and white. And by the utilization of the traditional Chinese medicine, after 15 days, severe cystic acne is treated into mild cystic acne, old speckles are reduced and no new speckles are produced; and then after 3 more days, the mild cystic acne is treated into pustular acne; and after 15 more days, the pustular acne is cured substantially. The traditional Chinese medicine provided in the invention has curative effective on the pustular acne and the cystic acne, and especially has remarkable curative effect on the pustular acne.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem worldwide over the past few decades, partly because of the increasing prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and elderly individuals in most countries. In southeast Asia, chronic viral hepatitis due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) also poses significant morbidity and mortality \[2\]. Chronic HBV infection can cause chronic glomerulonephritis and CKD. More importantly, patients with CKD, irrespective to the underlying renal diagnosis, who acquire HBV infection have higher morbidity and mortality rates, and the management of chronic HBV infections among CKD patients with antiviral agents is associated with a high risk of adverse effects. The optimal management of CKD associated with chronic HBV infection is not well defined because of insufficient data from clinical trials.

Telbivudine (Sebivo®; Tyzeka®) is a synthetic nucleoside analogue that inhibits replication of HBV. Telbivudine is a potent antiviral that provides effective and sustained viral suppression in patients with compensated chronic hepatitis B infection, and is used in the treatment of adults with chronic hepatitis B with evidence of viral replication and persistently elevated serum transaminase levels, or histological evidence of active disease. Unlike most of the other nucleoside and nucleotide analogues, renal toxicity of telbivudine is uncommon, and dose adjustment is only necessary for patients with moderate to severe renal impairment. Recent data further suggest that telbivudine treatment may have a beneficial effect on renal function.
All human subjects with a diagnosis of incurable solid tumors are eligible for the dose-escalation phase of this study. This study consists of two phases, the dose-escalation phase and the expansion phase. Subjects will be treated with the study treatment until any off-treatment criteria are met. The safety and efficacy will be assessed until the end of treatment or for a maximum of 52 weeks. In addition, a separate visit will be performed at the time of disease progression if the patient has a progression between end of treatment and 52 weeks. The patients will be followed up for overall survival until the study closure. The study will be closed when all enrolled patients have been followed up for at least 52 weeks or have died.
NEW MATERIAL:The compound of formula I {R is lower alkyl or lower alkoxy; A is tetrahydro-3-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, etc. which may be substituted at the N atom with (lower alkoxy-substituted) lower alkyl or group of R<1>-NHCO- [R<1> is H, lower alkyl or (substituted) phenyl]} and its acid addition salt. EXAMPLE:2-Methyl-3-nicotinoylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine. USE:Agent for suppressing the coagulation of blood platelet. It is useful e.g. for the prevention and remedy of cerebral circulation diseases, arterial diseases, thrombosis, cardiac diseases, local amenic fit, migrane, cancer, and arterial complication of the patient of diabetes. PREPARATION:The compound of formula II is made to react with the compound of formula III (X is reactive eliminable group) or its acid addition salt optionally in a solvent such as nitrobenzene at room temperature - 200 deg.C.