anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: To explore the short-term effectiveness of hip revision surgery guided by artificial intelligence preoperative planning (AIHIP) system.
METHODS: The clinical data of 22 patients (23 hips) who were admitted between June 2019 and March 2023 and met the selection criteria were retrospectively analyzed. There were 12 males and 10 females with an average age of 69.7 years (range, 44-90 years). There were 19 hips in the first revision, 3 hips in the second revision, and 1 hip in the third revision. The causes of revision included 12 hips with prosthesis loosening, 4 hips with acetabular cup loosening, 3 hips with osteolysis, 2 hips with acetabular dislocation, 1 hip with postoperative infection, and 1 hip with prosthesis wear. There were 6 hips in stage ⅡA, 9 hips in stage ⅡB, 4 hips in stage ⅡC, 3 hips in stage ⅢA, and 1 hip in stage ⅢB according to Paprosky staging of acetabular bone defect. The replacement of prosthesis type, operation time, hospitalization stay, ground active condition, and postoperative infection, fracture, prosthesis loosening, and other adverse events were recorded. The function of the affected limb was evaluated by Harris score before operation, at 1 week and 6 months after operation, and the range of motion of the hip joint was compared before operation and at 6 months after operation.
RESULTS: The operation time was 85-510 minutes, with an average of 241.8 minutes; the hospitalization stay was 7-35 days, with an average of 15.2 days; the time of disassociation from the walker was 2-108 days, with an average of 42.2 days. All the 22 patients were followed up 8-53 months (mean, 21.7 months). No adverse events such as prosthesis loosening or infection occurred in the rest of the patients, except for postoperative hematoma of the thigh in 1 patient and dislocation of the hip in 1 hip. The matching degree of acetabular cup was completely matched in 22 hips and mismatched in 1 hip (+2), the matching rate was 95.65%. The matching degree of femoral stem was completely matched in 22 hips and generally matched in 1 hip (-1), and the matching rate was 100%. The Harris scores were 55.3±9.8 and 89.6±7.2 at 1 week and 6 months after operation, respectively, which significantly improved when compared with before operation (33.0±8.6, P<0.05), and further improved at 6 months after operation than at 1 week after operation ( P<0.05). The function of hip joint was evaluated by Harris score at 6 months after operation, and 21 hips were good and 2 hips were moderate, which could meet the needs of daily life. The range of motion of hip joint was (111.09±10.11)° at 6 months after operation, which was significantly different from (79.13±18.50)° before operation ( t=-7.269, P<0.001).
CONCLUSION: AIHIP system can improve the accuracy of revision surgery, reduce the difficulty of surgery, and achieve good postoperative recovery and satisfactory short-term effectiveness.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death and includes two major types: non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), accounting for 85% and 15% of cases, respectively. Non-small-cell lung cancer harboring actionable driver mutations is generally treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) molecularly targeting individual oncogenes. Although TKIs have greatly contributed to better clinical outcomes, acquired resistance to them inevitably occurs. Histologic or lineage transformation is a rare but well-documented off-target mechanism associated with acquired resistance, and has been identified in settings following treatment with multiple different TKIs and other drugs. It includes neuroendocrine transformation, squamous cell transformation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Here, we review the clinicopathologic features of transformed tumors and current understanding of the key genetic alterations and biologic mechanism of lineage transformation in NSCLC, particularly TKI-triggered transformation.
Current literature suggests that 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is inversely related to risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). African Americans (AA) have significantly less 25(OH)D concentrations, greater chances of poor glycemic control compared to European Americans (EA). The primary objective is to evaluate if the differences in glycemic control in children with type 2 diabetes are explained by differences in serum concentrations of 25(OH)D. A secondary aim is to demonstrate that subjects with vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D \<20ng/ml) and T2DM who receive an 8 week of vitamin D treatment (50,000 IU oral vitamin D2/once per week) have greater improvement than subjects who receive placebo in glycemic control, as measured by HbA1c and endogenous insulin secretion, as assessed by area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) for mixed meal-stimulated C peptide, at 3 months after study drug administration. Research design: Randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind study design in children with T2DM and vitamin D deficiency. Glycemic control will be determined by HbA1C levels, fasting glucose and area under the curve (AUC) for glucose after a mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT). Measures of beta cell function will be determined by AUC for c-peptide and glucose after MMTT. This study is warranted in AA adolescents with T2DM as any positive interventions could have life long impact and will lead to future larger clinical trials.
Introduction: The wide use of high-power laser has changed the landscape of ureteroscopy and lasertripsy (URSL). We wanted to look at the role and outcomes of high-power holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser for URSL in pediatric stone disease. Methods: A prospective analysis of consecutive pediatric patients treated with "Dusting and Pop-dusting" using a high-power laser was done between January 2016 and March 2022. The project was registered with our audit committee. Data were analyzed for patient demographics, stone characteristics, operative details, procedural outcomes, and complications. Stone-free rate (SFR) was defined as fragments ≤2 mm on postoperative ultrasound imaging 2-3 months after the procedure. Results: A total of 35 patients underwent 43 procedures (1.2 procedure/patient) during the study period with a mean age of 9.4 years (range 1-16 years) and a male:female ratio of 13:22. The stone location was in the kidney in 32 (91.4%) patients of which 8 were in multiple renal locations. The mean stone size was 18 mm (range 10-39 mm), with the pre- and post-stent rates of 37% and 56%, respectively. An access sheath was used in 19 (44%) procedures. The overall SFR on ultrasound scan was 94% (n = 33) with no procedural complications noted in our series and a mean length of stay of 0.9 days. Conclusion: Pediatric URSL using a high-power laser achieves a high SFR even for large and multiple renal stones with no complications noted in our prospective series. Parents must, however, be counseled about the need for staged procedures, which might be needed for large stones.
Fascial space abscess is a condition in which infections spread into fascial spaces. It is a severe and life-threatening disease unless treated at an early stage. Due to the similarity of clinical symptoms, fascial space abscesses in the orofacial area are often disguised as other diseases, such as temporomandibular disorder (TMD). In this case series, we report three cases of fascial space abscesses disguised as TMD. In all cases, patients complained of severely limited mouth opening and pain in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and masseter muscles, which led clinicians to diagnose them with TMD. After two patients showed facial swelling and the third complained of dyspnea, clinicians realized the possibility of an orofacial fascial space abscess. On further evaluation, all patients showed increased C-reactive protein in blood tests, and the location of the fascial space abscess was confirmed by enhanced computed tomography images. Moreover, all patients had suspicious sources of odontogenic infections in panoramic images, periapical abscess on maxillary molars and periodontal disease on maxillary and mandibular molars, which were not appropriately evaluated at the first visit. This case series emphasizes the need for clinicians to realize the possibility of orofacial fascial space abscesses based on: clinical symptoms of severely limited mouth opening (< 15 mm) with pain in the facial area, including TMJ or masseter muscle, and possible sources of infection such as odontogenic infection, other infectious lesions, trauma, or invasive treatments. These clinical insights will enable the early detection of fascial space abscesses.
INTRODUCTION: Although cytologic examination of biliary stricture brushings obtained by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is commonly used for diagnosing malignant biliary strictures (MBSs), it has low sensitivity. Several new brushes have capabilities that are still being debated. We have developed a novel brush working from conventional back-and-forth movement to rotation in situ (RIS) that may be more efficient for MBS sampling. We aimed to compare the MBS detection sensitivity of our RIS brush with that of the conventional brush.
METHODS: In this multicenter prospective study, we enrolled patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for suspected MBSs involving biliary stricture brushings obtained using our RIS brush. The historical control group consisted of the 30-brushing arm of our previous randomized trial (patient inclusion, 2018-2020) that used the study design in the same centers and with the same endoscopists as were used in this study. The primary outcome was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of detecting MBSs by cytologic evaluation of biliary stricture brushings between the 2 groups.
RESULTS: We enrolled 155 patients in the intent-to-treat analysis. Using the same number of brushing cycles, the RIS brush showed a higher sensitivity than the conventional brush (0.73 vs 0.56, P = 0.003). In per-protocol population, the sensitivity was also higher in the RIS brush group than in the conventional brush group (0.75 vs 0.57, P = 0.002). Multivariate analysis revealed that the RIS brush was the only predictive factor for MBS detection. No significant differences were observed in procedure-related complications between the 2 groups.
DISCUSSION: The RIS brush was a promising tool for effective and safe MBS sampling and diagnosis. Further randomized studies are warranted to confirm our results (Chictr.org.cn, identifier: ChiCTR2100047270).
Questions related to surgery and bowel function found in the Participant Information Form it will be filled in. The control group data were followed up with the "Follow-up Form-Control Group" will be. Of the women who made up the control group, it was not until the bowel sounds were first heard that bowel sounds will be listened to by the service nurse december 2 hours intervals. The patient has gas-stool by querying the output, it will be saved. Application of analgesics to pain levelsin the case of "Visual Analog Scale" (Visual Analog Scale -Vas) within 15 minutes it will be evaluated with. After the end of the researcher's 8-hour shift, the time of gas extraction and defecation is estimated since it cannot be done, women can set the time of gas extraction and defecation as time/date; they'll record it. Assessment of pain level, first 8. After the time of 16 and 24. in the hours will be made.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) and conventional instrumentation (CI) for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Our hypothesis was that the PSI would be superior to CI in improving implant positioning and clinical function.
METHODS: We searched electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane) to identify relevant studies published before July 1, 2023 that met our inclusion criteria. The identified reports at least included one of the following outcome variables: coronal component alignment, sagittal component alignment, number of outliers, hip-knee-ankle angle, postoperative complications, operative time and knee joint functional evaluation. For dichotomous variables, we calculated the risk ratio and its 95% confidence interval (CI). For continuous variables, we calculated the mean difference (MD) and its 95% CI. Heterogeneity of the included studies was assessed using the standard chi-square test. Meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4. software. The meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO (No. CRD42023454160).
RESULTS: A total of 9 articles were included in the analysis, consisting of 4 randomized controlled trials and 5 cohort studies. The study population comprised 494 patients, with 262 in the PSI group and 232 in the CI group. Our findings demonstrate that the PSI group exhibits superior tibial component coronal alignment compared to the CI group (MD = -0.66, 95% CI: -1.21 to -0.12, P = .02). Conversely, the CI group demonstrates better femoral component coronal alignment than the PSI group (MD = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.17-1.60, P = .01). No significant between 2 groups differences were observed in tibial component sagittal alignment, femoral component sagittal alignment, tibial coronal axis outliers, tibial sagittal axis outliers, femoral coronal axis outliers, femoral sagittal axis outliers, postoperative complications, operative time, hip-knee-ankle angle, and postoperative knee joint function score.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study findings suggest that the PSI confer an advantage in achieving superior tibial component coronal alignment, whereas the CI associated with better femoral component coronal alignment. However, no significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of other parameters. Future studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate these findings.
Opioid use disorder is a serious public health issue. Buprenorphine/ Naloxone (B/N) is a partial opioid mu-receptor agonist dosed daily that prevents opioid withdrawal, blocks opioid euphoria and can prevent opioid overdose. Extended treatment with B/N increases rates of abstinence and outpatient treatment retention and decreases Hepatitis C (HCV) transmission. B/N treatment dropout is associated with relapse and overdose death.

B/N adherence may be a critical factor influencing retention and reducing overall healthcare costs. Also, B/N diversion is associated with poor adherence and has become increasingly common and worrisome. While many patients achieve stability after starting B/N treatment, more than 80% of 18-25 year olds leave treatment within a year with relapse as the most common reason. Ongoing illicit opioid use during treatment increases odds of relapse and dropout. The MySafeRx™ platform helps prescribers offer a higher level of support for vulnerable patients with opioid use disorder during periods of clinical instability. The MySafeRx™ platform is a combination of several key components, including daily videoconferencing check-ins with motivational interviewing-based recovery coaching, text-messaging reminders, secure storage of B/N medication within a secure electronic pill dispenser, and a standardized protocol for supervising self-administration of medication via videoconferencing. By offering this recovery support and medication adherence monitoring program during periods of instability, this system could improve treatment outcomes by ensuring increased adherence, while also preventing B/N diversion.

This study primarily seeks to demonstrate the feasibility, acceptability, and usability of the MySafeRx™ platform among young adults (18-39 years, inclusive) with opioid use disorders. While each key component may have an individual therapeutic effect, we hypothesize that an integrated process involving all key components may be necessary to unlock the full therapeutic potential of a mobile platform for daily remote supervised self-administration and diversion prevention among this group. Providing targeted motivational interviewing and recovery support at this context-specific moment of daily medication-taking when people are very receptive to treatment may offer a new opportunity for expanding how recovery support can be delivered. Usability will be assessed with the validated system usability scale as a primary outcome. Feasibility, acceptability and initial efficacy based on opioid urine toxicology will all be assessed as secondary outcomes.
Performance optimization of power plants is one of the major challenge. Several machine learning based techniques are available which are used for optimization of the power plants. Coal selection and blending is critical to ensuring optimum operation of thermal power plants. The present disclosure provides a system and method for optimum coal selection for the power plant and power plant optimization. The system mainly comprises two components. First, a coal usage advisory module providing coal usage and blending ratio advice to the operators based on the available coal. The optimization is with respect to the entire power plant operation including its components. And second, a performance optimization advisory module provides operation instruction for boiler, SCR, APH and other power plant equipment based on the implemented coal blend in real-time.
If subjects are randomly assigned to this group, they will participate in exercise training in the morning at a moderate to hard intensity. Subjects will be asked to regularly engage in morning exercise while supervised for about 2 weeks.
BEAM Preschool will be delivered via mobile application to mothers with a 18-36 month old child. It will include 15-30-minute lessons on mental health and parenting and a closed community forum. Mental Health videos will provide information and tools via The Unified Protocol, a best-practice program to address dysregulated emotions across mood and anxiety disorders. Parenting Videos will help parents understand their children's challenging behaviours and teach proactive approaches to prevent negative interactions and promote a positive relationship. A closed online community forum will be facilitated by a mental health clinician and parent coach. Weekly Zoom meetings will be facilitated by clinicians where participants can meet with other participants, ask questions about the program content, or discuss the week's materials.
Patients with type 2 diabetes and/or chronic ischemic heart disease are offered up to seven problem solving therapy sessions within a three-month period from inclusion. In both groups, GPs are recommended to follow the current guidelines.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a sugar-coated tablet capable of decreasing the amount of a coated sugar, reducing the size and expressing an excellent tablet strength by applying a membrane comprising a polymer capable of being dissolved in both water and a lower alcohol to a sugar-coated tablet. SOLUTION: This sugar-coated tablet comprises a sugar-coated tablet whose surface is covered with a membrane comprising a polymer (preferably hydroxypropylcellulose or polyvinyl pyrrolidone) capable of being dissolved in both water and a lower alcohol (especially preferably ethanol). The weight ratio of the membrane comprising the polymer is preferably 0.1-2 wt.% based on the total amount of the sugar-coated tablet covered with the membrane. A bare tablet to be coated with a sugar is preferably prepared e.g. by mixing lactose, crystalline cellulose or the like as an excipient, if necessary, with a medicine and the like, and subsequently granulating the mixture. The sugar- coated tablet thereby permits to remarkably reduce the amount of the sugar coating, especially an intermediate layer, (by <=40% based on the total amount of the bare tablet), or omit the sugar coating, to reduce the size of the tablet and to expect an excellent administration touch.
During 12 weeks subjects will use a VR platform during hemodialysis. The intervention will be virtual reality exercise, nutritional advice and psychological wellbeing support plus cognitive training.
Ulcerative colitis is a persistent inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation and ulceration in the colon and gastrointestinal tract. It was indicated that the generation of hypochlorous acid (HClO) through the enzymatic activity of myeloperoxidase is significantly linked to ulcerative colitis. In this study, by assembling two hairpins (Hpa and Hpb) onto a quadrivalent cruciform DNA nanostructure, a novel HClO-activatable fluorescent probe was developed based on DNA nanomaterials (denoted MHDNA), which is sensitive, economic, simple, and stable. In the presence of HClO, the Trigger (T) was liberated from the MHDNA probe through a hydrolysis reaction between HClO and phosphorothioate (PS), which is modified on the MHDNA probe and has proved to exhibit particular susceptibility to the HClO. The liberated T subsequently initiated the opening of Hpa and Hpb to facilitate the catalyzed hairpin assembly (CHA) reaction, resulting in the changes of fluorescence and releasing T for recycled signal amplification to achieve sensitive detection of HClO (with a limit of detection 9.83 nM). Additionally, the MHDNA-based spatial-confinement effect shortens the physical distance between Hpa and Hpb and yields a high local concentration of the two reactive hairpins, achieving more rapid reaction kinetics in comparison to conventional CHA methods. Inspirationally, the MHDNA probe was effectively utilized for imaging HClO in ulcerative colitis mice, yielding valuable diagnostic insights for ulcerative colitis.
Disease free survival of Hodgkin's disease (HD) patients has improved dramatically over the past few decades. With the dramatic advance in patient's survival, the prevention and treatment of long-term adverse effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy has become a major focus of interest. HD survivors have excess mortality compared with the age-matched general population, even after excluding disease relapse. A considerable proportion of the excess mortality is due to cardiovascular disease (CVD), principally ischemic heart disease and stroke.

The proposed study will assess endothelial function in HD survivors, using the non-invasive technique of brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), by high-resolution ultrasonography. We will also assess IMT. The results of these tests are independent predictors of atherosclerosis disease progression and cardiovascular event rates. This is a prospective study comprising 40 young-adult (aged 18-30 years) . The study will comprise 40 survivors of HD: 20 patients treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy to the chest and 20 patients treated with chemotherapy alone. The patients will be compared to age and sex-matched patients from the data base of the endothelial function laboratory at the heart institute of the Sheba Medical Center. In addition to brachial artery endothelial function assessment, the patients will also undergo a physical examination including anthropometric measurements (height, weight, waist and hip circumference), and blood pressure. The evaluation will also include blood tests for glucose, lipid profile, CRP, AST, ALT and insulin. A medical history including smoking history and family history of CVD and dyslipidemia will be obtained.

Patients treated with radiotherapy to the chest will be compared to patients treated with chemotherapy alone and both patients will be compared to healthy controls. The patients will be characterized by age, risk factors for coronary heart disease and endothelial function as assessed by brachial artery FMD. We will establish the rate of endothelial function abnormalities in survivors of HD and its correlation with the other risk factors.