anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Schools were randomly allocated to either the intervention or the control group. At treatment (intervention) schools, youth participated in TOP in addition to their Health, HOPE, Critical Thinking, Career Research, or Leadership class. At control (non-intervention) schools, youth simply participated in their business-as-usual Health, HOPE, Critical Thinking, Career Research, or Leadership class. Two cohorts of students were recruited for this study, the first cohort joined the study in August 2012 and the second cohort joined the study in August 2013. A survey was given to youth at both treatment and control schools. The paper-and-pencil survey took approximately 30 minutes and asked questions about youth school, grades, peers, health behaviors, and behaviors related to teen pregnancy, including what the participant believes and does in regards to sexual health. The survey was completely confidential and participant names were not linked to survey responses. All survey materials were pre-approved by school administration and the school district office. Participants will be asked to complete the a survey at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 10-months post-intervention (Cohort 1 only)
The present disclosure provides nanostructures and nanostructure-based vaccines. Some nanostructures of the present disclosure display antigens capable of eliciting immune responses to infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, and pathogens. Some vaccines of the present disclosure are useful for preventing or decreasing the severity of infection with an infectious agent, including. for example and without limitation, lyme disease, pertussis, herpes virus, orthomyxovirus, paramyxovirus, pneumovirus, filovirus. flavivirus, reovirus, retrovirus, meningococcus, or malaria. The antigens may be attached to the core of the nanostructure either non-covalently or covalently, including as a fusion protein or by other means disclosed herein. Multimeric antigens may optionally be displayed along a symmetry axis of the nanostructure. Also provided are proteins and nucleic acid molecules encoding such proteins. vaccine compositions, and methods of administration.
The wait-list control group participants will wait while the experimental group is participating in the Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction training. This group will follow the training at the end of the study (7 months after baseline), after all relevant measurements are concluded.
Aerosol compositions comprise a hydroperoxide of a fat which is an ester of an unsaturated fatty acid with glycerol or a mono- or poly-hydric alcohol which may or may not be fully esterified having at least one ethylenically unsaturated fatty acid radical containing from 10-22 carbon atoms in the fatty acid chain, and having an iodine number of from 50 to 150, the hydroperoxide having a peroxidation value of at least 20, or aqueous emulsions of these hydroperoxides, and conventional propellants, e.g. hydrocarbons, perfluorinated hydrocarbons, fluorochlorohydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.ALSO:The Specification claims as a novel compound a hydroperoxide of a fat which is an ester of an unsaturated fatty acid with glycerol or a mono- or poly-hydric alcohol which may or may not be fully esterified having at least one ethylenically unsaturated fatty acid radical containing from 10 to 22 carbon atoms in the fatty acid chain and having an iodine number of from 50 to 150, the hydroperoxide having a peroxidation value of at least 20, and the preparation thereof by subjecting the fat to the action of oxygen and/or a substance producing peroxide radicals at a temperature and for a time which is sufficient to obtain a hydroperoxide having a peroxidation value of at least 20, but which precludes the formation of autoxidation products. The peroxidation value is a measure of the number of gram-atoms of peroxide oxygen present in a compound, the value of 100 corresponding to the presence of one-half gram-atom of peroxide oxygen per 1000 g. of compound. These hydroperoxides spontaneously form ultramicroscopic emulsions when introduced into water having a pH of at least 7.  Therapeutic compositions useful in the treatment of conditions which produce ulcerative or other abnormal conditions on the skin or other organs accessible to topical application, e.g. dermatosis, burns, bedsores, varicose ulcers, neoplastic ulcers, leprosy, cancer and toxaemias, and of pulmonary diseases, e.g. tuberculosis and silicosis, and of various asthenic states, and which may be administered orally, topically or parenterally, contain as active ingredient a hydroperoxide as described above. Cosmetic preparations comprise a stable aqueous emulsion of the hydroperoxides described above in association with the usual adjuvants.
Objective.Abundant lipid-laden macrophages are found at the injury site after spinal cord injury (SCI). These cells have been suggested to be pro-inflammatory and neurotoxic. AdipoRon, an adiponectin receptor agonist, has been shown to promote myelin lipid efflux from mouse macrophage foam cells. While it is an attractive therapeutic strategy, systemic administration of AdipoRon is likely to exert off-target effects. In addition, the pathophysiology after SCI in mice is different from that in humans, whereas rat and human SCI share similar functional and histological outcomes. In this study, we evaluated the effects of AdipoRon on rat macrophage foam cells and developed a drug delivery system capable of providing sustained local release of AdipoRon to the injured spinal cord.Approach.Rat macrophages were treated with myelin debris to generate anin vitromodel of SCI foam cells, and the effects of AdipoRon treatment on myelin uptake and efflux were studied. AdipoRon was then loaded into and released from microparticles made from dextran sulfate and fibrinogen for sustained release.Main results.AdipoRon treatment not only significantly promotes efflux of metabolized myelin lipids, but also inhibits uptake of myelin debris. Myelin debris alone does not appear to be inflammatory, but myelin debris treatment potentiates inflammation when administered along with pro-inflammatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ. AdipoRon significantly attenuated myelin lipid-induced potentiation of inflammation. Bioactive AdipoRon can be released in therapeutic doses from microparticles.Significance.These data suggest that AdipoRon is a promising therapeutic capable of reducing lipid accumulation via targeting both myelin lipid uptake and efflux, which potentially addresses chronic inflammation following SCI. Furthermore, we developed microparticle-based drug delivery systems for local delivery of AdipoRon to avoid deleterious side effects. This is the first study to release AdipoRon from drug delivery systems designed to reduce lipid accumulation and inflammation in reactive macrophages after SCI.
BACKGROUND: Currently, there is a lack of ideal risk prediction tools in the field of emergency general surgery (EGS). The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma recommends developing risk assessment tools specifically for EGS-related diseases. In this study, we sought to utilize machine learning (ML) algorithms to explore and develop a web-based calculator for predicting five perioperative risk events of eight common operations in EGS.
METHOD: This study focused on patients with EGS and utilized electronic medical record systems to obtain data retrospectively from five centers in China. Five ML algorithms, including Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine, Naive Bayes, XGBoost, and Logistic Regression, were employed to construct predictive models for postoperative mortality, pneumonia, surgical site infection, thrombosis, and mechanical ventilation >48 h. The optimal models for each outcome event were determined based on metrics, including the value of the Area Under the Curve, F1 score, and sensitivity. A comparative analysis was conducted between the optimal models and Emergency Surgery Score (ESS), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score, and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification. A web-based calculator was developed to determine corresponding risk probabilities.
RESULT: Based on 10 993 patients with EGS, we determined the optimal RF model. The RF model also exhibited strong predictive performance compared with the ESS, APACHE II score, and ASA classification. Using this optimal model, the authors developed an online calculator with a questionnaire-guided interactive interface, catering to both the preoperative and postoperative application scenarios.
CONCLUSIONS: The authors successfully developed an ML-based calculator for predicting the risk of postoperative adverse events in patients with EGS. This calculator accurately predicted the occurrence risk of five outcome events, providing quantified risk probabilities for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Ozone is a ground-level air pollutant generated primarily by the photochemical reaction of automobile emissions. The primary objective of this research is to determine the mechanism by which anatomical, physiological, and biochemical factors influence the longitudinal distribution of respiratory ozone dose that is delivered to respiratory tissue during a particular exposure condition. The specific aims are: 1) test the hypothesis that an increase in respiratory flow increases the sensitivity of ozone dose to antioxidant levels in the epithelial lining fluid. Ozone absorption will be measured in the nose of healthy nonsmokers at different nasal flows while antioxidant levels are measured in nasal liquid; 2) test the hypothesis that the continuous inhalation of ozone and co-pollutant gases affects antioxidant levels in the epithelial lining fluid, thereby modulating the ozone dose. Ozone absorption and antioxidant levels in nasal lavage will be intermittently measured in the nose of healthy nonsmokers while these subjects are continuously exposed to clean air, ozone, nitrogen dioxide or sulfur dioxide during quiet nasal breathing for two hours; 3) test the hypothesis that antioxidant concentrations in epithelial lining fluid are directly related to plasma concentrations so that ozone absorption are modulated by the appropriate pharmacological or dietary interventions. The longitudinal distribution of ozone absorption will be measured throughout the conducting airways of healthy nonsmokers during quiet nasal breathing. Measurements will be repeated at baseline conditions, after using probenecid to pharmacologically reduce systemic urate, and after vitamin C supplementation to increase systemic ascorbate; 4) quantify the reaction kinetics between ozone and antioxidants in epithelial lining fluid. Samples of nasal liquid will be reacted with a controlled flow of ozone in a miniature bioreactor to determine the reaction rate constant and reaction order of ozone consumption; and 5) further develop a single-path diffusion model. Respiratory absorption as well as in vitro reaction kinetics data will be used to validate a mathematical ozone dosimetry model that can predict the longitudinal distribution of ozone dose to airway tissue.
There are various methods of performing regional anesthesia. In recent years, the focus has been on ultrasound-supported regional anaesthesia, and the stimulation methods that were often used in the past were no longer used or used less frequently. The combination of both methods may be an additional safety aspect and can contribute to an improved blocking quality. In addition to the best possible ultrasound quality, an optimal stimulation quality is also required. The investigators plan to carry out dual-guidance blockages of the ischiadic nerve with various regional anaesthesia needles (manufacturer of the used needles: Pajunk Medical Produkte GmbH, Geisingen, Germany; Teleflex Medical GmbH, Kernen, Germany). All regional anaesthesia cannulae are approved for the planned blockades of humans in Germany.
The present invention relates to immuno-protected encapsulated cells producing an immunomodulator, for example GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor). The cells of the invention are particularly well adapted for providing an active adjuvant or immunomodulator, for example in the context of immunisation in humans and animals. These cells can be used for vaccination where they provide the immunomodulator in an active form, in a continuous, non-immunogenic manner in the immediate vicinity of the vaccine antigen(s). The invention also relates to a vaccine composition comprising immuno-protected encapsulated cells producing an immunomodulator and an antigenic component. The invention also relates to a kit comprising a cell as described and an antigenic component. The strategy of the invention is perfectly suited for both cancer immunotherapy and vaccination against infectious agents.
An exercise-enhancing food tablet, preferably a hard or chewable candy or mint, is disclosed for enhancing exercise and physical fitness when ingested before, during, and/or after exercise. The edible tablet includes a mixture of carbohydrate and protein, the protein portion being between 20% and 40% of the mixture by weight, and preferably between 25% and 33% of the mixture by weight. The protein portion is preferably whey protein, but can be any combination of whey protein, soy protein, and pea protein. The carbohydrate portion of the mixture is preferably 85% dextrose and 15% fructose, but can be any combination of dextrose, maltodextrin, fructose, and sucrose. In preferred embodiments, sodium, potassium, magnesium, vitamin C, and/or caffeine are also included. The tablets can also include a flavoring, such as spearmint, peppermint, or fruit flavoring. In preferred embodiments the tablets weigh substantially 2 grams, and an adult serving is eight tablets.
BACKGROUND: The effect of radiologic splenic vessels involvement (RSVI) on the survival of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) located in the body and tail of the pancreas is controversial, and its influence on postoperative morbidity after distal pancreatectomy (DP) is unknown. This study aimed to determine the influence of RSVI on postoperative complications, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients undergoing DP for PAC.
METHODS: A multicenter retrospective study of DP was conducted at 7 hepatopancreatobiliary units between January 2008 and December 2018. Patients were classified according to the presence of RSVI. A Clavien-Dindo grade of >II was considered to represent a major complication.
RESULTS: A total of 95 patients were included in the analysis. Moreover, 47 patients had vascular infiltration: 4 had arterial involvement, 10 had venous involvement, and 33 had both arterial and venous involvements. The rates of major complications were 20.8% in patients without RSVI, 40.0% in those with venous RSVI, 25.0% in those with arterial RSVI, and 30.3% in those with both arterial and venous RSVIs (P = .024). The DFS rates at 3 years were 56% in the group without RSVI, 50% in the group with arterial RSVI, and 16% in the group with both arterial and venous RSVIs (P = .003). The OS rates at 3 years were 66% in the group without RSVI, 50% in the group with arterial RSVI, and 29% in the group with both arterial and venous RSVIs (P < .0001).
CONCLUSION: RSVI increased the major complication rates after DP and reduced the OS and DFS. Therefore, it may be a useful prognostic marker in patients with PAC scheduled to undergo DP and may help to select patients likely to benefit from neoadjuvant treatment.
Introduction. Lactobacillus species predominate the human vagina and are associated with positive vaginal health, including an acidic pH (<4.5). The prevalence of vaginal Lactobacilli increases with increased oestrogen due to increased glycogen production within the vagina. Lactobacilli produce lactic acid, thereby lowering vaginal pH, preventing growth of other bacteria, and lowering microbial diversity. Lower placental oestrogen levels in obese pregnant women could dampen the mechanism to initiate this process, which may be associated with vaginal dysbiosis and unfavourable pregnancy outcomes.Hypothesis. We hypothesize that oestrogen and glycogen levels will be lower, vaginal pH will be higher, and vaginal microbiome diversity will be greater during pregnancy in obese and overweight women compared to healthy weight women.Aim. Pregnancy complications (e.g. preterm birth) are more common in overweight and obese women. If vaginal dysbiosis plays a role, and quantifiable predictors of this increased risk can be determined, these measures could be used to prospectively identify women at risk for pregnancy complications early in pregnancy.Methodology. Vaginal samples were collected at 10-14, 18-24, 26-30, and 34-37 weeks gestation and at delivery from 67 pregnant participants (23 healthy weight, 22 overweight, 22 obese). A blood sample to quantify serum oestrogen was collected at 10-14 weeks. Vaginal samples were collected to test vaginal pH using pH paper, glycogen abundance using fluorometry, and the vaginal microbiome using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.Results. Vaginal pH was higher in obese participants compared to healthy weight participants (P=<0.001). Vaginal glycogen levels increased over time in obese participants (P=0.033). The vaginal bacterial alpha diversity was higher in obese participants compared to healthy weight participants (P=0.033). The relative abundances of Peptoniphilus and Anaerococcus were increased in overweight and obese participants, as well as in complicated pregnancies, at 10-14 weeks gestation.Conclusion. The relative abundance of specific vaginal bacteria, like Peptoniphilus and Anaerococcus, in early pregnancy could predict pregnancy outcomes. Our goal is to use the information gathered in this pilot study to further determine the feasibility of assessing the vaginal environment during pregnancy to identify women at risk for negative pregnancy and birth outcomes in the context of a larger study.
Inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation will be applied to 11 patients with unilateral neglect due to ischemic stroke under the supervision of a doctor for a total of 10 sessions over 2 weeks with conventional rehabilitation. Each session will last for 20 minutes,total of 1200 pulses, 1 Hz repetitive transcranial manyetic stimulation over the unaffected left posterior parietal cortex.
Physical dependence has been reported with prolonged use of ketamine. Physical dependence is a state that develops as a result of physiological adaptation in response to repeated drug use, manifested by withdrawal signs and symptoms after abrupt discontinuation or significant dosage reduction of a drug. There were no withdrawal symptoms captured up to 4 weeks after cessation of esketamine treatment. Withdrawal symptoms have been reported after the discontinuation of frequently used (more than weekly) large doses of ketamine for long periods of time. Such withdrawal symptoms are likely to occur if esketamine were similarly abused. Reported symptoms of withdrawal associated with daily intake of large doses of ketamine include craving, fatigue, poor appetite, and anxiety. Therefore, monitor SPRAVATO-treated patients for symptoms and signs of physical dependence upon the discontinuation of the drug.

Tolerance has been reported with prolonged use of ketamine. Tolerance is a physiological state characterized by a reduced response to a drug after repeated administration (i.e., a higher dose of a drug is required to produce the same effect that was once obtained at a lower dose). Similar tolerance would be expected with prolonged use of esketamine.
Methods for treating or preventing diseases associated with body passageways are described.  The methods comprise delivering a therapeutic agent to an external portion of the body passageway. A wide variety of therapeutic agents fall within the scope of these methods, including anti-angiogenic agents, anti-proliferative agents, anti-inflammatory agents, and antibiotics.  Also included are anti-microtubule agents such as a 'lighter d group' agent as described herein (e.g., a vanadate or vanadyl compound), or a microtubule stabilizers such as D,O discodermolide, epithilones and paclitaxel, or analogues or derivatives thereof. The therapeutic agents may further comprise a polymer such as poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate), copolymers of lactic acid and glycolic acid, poly (caprolactone), poly (lactic acid), copolymers of poly (lactic acid) and poly (caprolactone), gelatin, hyaluronic acid, collagen matrixes, and albumen.  Other carriers (e.g., liposomes) may likewise be utilized to contain and/or deliver one or more therapeutic agents.
Mechanical ventilation interferes with cerebral perfusion via the changes in intrathoracic pressure and/or as a consequence of hypocapnia. This latter occurs frequently following traditional ventilation strategies with relatively high tidal volume and respiratory rate. New trends in anesthesia intend to promote protective lung ventilation by keeping a normocapnic or even mildly hypercapnic state. However, cerebral vascular vasotonicity is carbon dioxide (CO2)-dependent with hypocapnia potentially leading to vasoconstriction and subsequent decrease in cerebral blood flow. Changes in cerebral vasoreactivity can be assessed by the near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device. This monitoring evaluates the changes in various parameters (deoxygenated hemoglobin, oxygenated hemoglobin, the tissue oxygenation index (TOI) and the tissue hemoglobin index (THI)) that act as surrogate for cerebral vasoconstriction.

We, therefore designed this prospective observational comparative effectiveness study in order to characterize the potential beneficial effect of permissive hypercapnia on cerebral perfusion in infants.
INTRODUCTION: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) often occurs 3 weeks to 3 months after brain injury, which is mainly caused by bleeding of the bridging vein. For patients with ventriculoperitoneal (V-P) shunt, excessive drainage can also cause CSDH. We present a rare case of CSDH caused by shunt valve breakdown in brain injury.
CASE REPORT: We report a 68-year-old man with V-P shunt for 8 years. He presented with bilateral CSDH with disappearance of lateral ventricles nearly 1 month after a brain injury caused by being hit with a stick. After burr hole drainage (BHD), the patient's symptoms improved and lateral ventricles reappeared, but disappeared rapidly with CSDH recurrence within a short time. We considered the cause to be medium pressure shunt valve breakdown caused by hitting with a stick, which was confirmed by the engineer's test after the operation and excessive drainage of cerebrospinal fluid. BHD replaced the adjustable pressure shunt valve, and the patient recovered.
CONCLUSION: V-P shunt is a common operation in neurosurgery, and postoperative shunt valve breakdown may lead to poor outcome. We report a rare case of CSDH caused by shunt valve breakdown due to excessive external forces, suggesting that patients after V-P shunt should pay attention to the protection of the shunt valve.