anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE        Alternative, specifically recited processes are provided herein for producing hitherto unknown compounds of the general Formula I:                                 I   and salts of the compound of Formula I with pharmaceutically-acceptable, non-toxic acids or bases, the pure diastereomers of the compound of Formula I, mixtures of the diastereomers of the compound of Formula I, salts of the diastereomers of the compound of Formula I and salts of the mixtures of the diastereomers of the compound of Formula I, in which R1 represents a phenyl, 4-hydroxyphenyl, 1,4-cyclohexadienyl or a 3-thienyl group, R2 represents a primary amino or a carboxy group, R3 represents a hydrogen atom, or a lower alkyl, aryl or aralkyl radical, preferably a methyl, phenyl or benzyl group, and A represents a radical of a .beta. -lactamase inhibitor containing a .beta. -lactam ring as well as a carboxy group, A being connected via the carboxy group.  In these Abstr?   of the Disclosure - Page 2 compounds, A may be a radical of Formula II:                             II   in which R4 represents a hydrogen or a halogen atom, and R5 represents a hydrogen atom or an amino or acylamino group, with the proviso that at least one of, but not both of, R4 and R5 must be hydrogen, A may alternatively be a radical of Formula III:                             III   in which R6 represents a halogen atom, e.g. Br or I. A may further alternatively be a radical of Formula IV:                         IV     Abstract of the Disclosure - page 3 in which R7 represents a hydroxy group, or one of the radicals of known clavulanic acid derivatives with .beta. -lactamase inhibitory activity.  The novel compounds formed by the specifically recited processes are useful in the treatment of bacterial infections.  In particular, the new compounds are strongly active against .beta. -lactamase-producing bacteria.
NEW MATERIAL:An ester of a 2-butyloctane-1,8-diol of formula I (R is hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkenyl, >=1C alkyl or >=2C alkenyl group). EXAMPLE:2-Butyloctane-1,8-diol dicapric acid ester. USE:An external base for a cosmetic or medicine, a base for an emulsion or an industrial oil, e.g. a plasticizer or synthetic lubricating oil. PROCESS:A diol of formula II or its reactive derivative is esterified with a carboxylic acid, e.g. a saturated straight chain or saturated side-chain carboxylic acid, unsaturated fatty acid, hydroxy lower carboxylic acid or hydroxy higher fatty acid, or its reactive derivative by the conventional method to give the compound of formula I.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a catheter sheath which enables a hemostasis treatment after a treatment by endovascular therapy.  <P>SOLUTION: This catheter sheath 1 is equipped with a main opening 2 penetrating from the proximal end to the distal end and a plurality of efflux openings 3 communicating between the inside of the main opening 2 and an outer peripheral surface of the catheter sheath 1. The plurality of efflux openings 3 are spaced out in the longitudinal direction of the catheter sheath 1. The catheter sheath 1 is made of a synthetic resin with optical transparency. After the treatment, a liquid or gelled wound healing promoting substance is supplied into the main opening 2 to fill an interface between the outer periphery of the catheter sheath and subcutaneous tissues by making the wound healing promoting substance flow out of the efflux openings 3 while the periphery of the catheter sheath 1 is moistened thereby. Then, a thin rod shaped light source is inserted into the catheter sheath 1. After the wound healing promoting substance is exposed to light by making the light transmit through the catheter sheath 1, the catheter sheath 1 is dislodged. The wound healing promoting substance becomes insoluble by being crosslinked by the exposure to the light, and functions as a hemostatic agent or a tissue adhesive. Consequently, the hemostasis treatment ends.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Oral Transmucosal Fentanyl Citrate (OTFC) contains fentanyl, a Schedule II controlled substance. As an opioid, OTFC exposes users to the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse [see Drug Abuse and Dependence (9)].

Although the risk of addiction in any individual is unknown, it can occur in patients appropriately prescribed OTFC. Addiction can occur at recommended dosages and if the drug is misused or abused.

Assess each patient’s risk for opioid addiction, abuse, or misuse prior to prescribing OTFC, and reassess all patients receiving OTFC for the development of these behaviors and conditions. Risks are increased in patients with a personal or family history of substance abuse (including drug or alcohol abuse or addiction) or mental illness (e.g., major depression). The potential for these risks should not, however, prevent the proper management of pain in any given patient. Patients at increased risk may be prescribed opioids such as OTFC, but use in such patients necessitates intensive counseling about the risks and proper use of OTFC along with frequent reevaluation for signs of addiction, abuse, and misuse. Consider prescribing naloxone for the emergency treatment of opioid overdose [see Dosage and Administration (2.2), Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

Opioids are sought for nonmedical use and are subject to diversion from legitimate prescribed use. Consider these risks when prescribing or dispensing OTFC. Strategies to reduce these risks include prescribing the drug in the smallest appropriate quantity and advising the patient on careful storage of the drug during the course of treatment and proper disposal of unused drug. Contact local state professional licensing board or state-controlled substances authority for information on how to prevent and detect abuse or diversion of this product.
2.1 Important Administration Instructions

HYLENEX recombinant should not be administered intravenously. Its effects relative to dispersion and absorption of other drugs are not produced when it is administered intravenously because the enzyme is rapidly inactivated.

HYLENEX recombinant may be administered for infiltration use, interstitial use, intramuscular use, intraocular use, peribulbar use, retrobulbar use, soft tissue use or subcutaneous use.

Visually inspect parenteral drug products for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration.

Always use aseptic precautions. Lightly pinch the skin up into a small mound and insert the needle/catheter into the subcutaneous space. Inject HYLENEX recombinant through the catheter hub or injection port closest to the needle/catheter. Begin administration of solution. Solution should start in readily.

2.2 Subcutaneous Fluid Administration

Inject 150 U of HYLENEX recombinant prior to start of subcutaneous fluid administration to facilitate absorption of up to 1,000 mL or more of solution. As with all parenteral fluid therapy, observe effect closely, with the same precautions for restoring fluid and electrolyte balance as in intravenous injections. The dose, the rate of injection, and the type of solution (saline, glucose, Ringer's, etc.) must be adjusted carefully to the individual patient. When solutions devoid of inorganic electrolytes are administered subcutaneously, hypovolemia may occur. This may be prevented by using solutions containing adequate amounts of inorganic electrolytes and/or controlling the volume and speed of administration.

HYLENEX recombinant may be added to small volumes of solution, such as fluid replacement solutions or solutions of drugs for subcutaneous injection. Subcutaneous fluids should be administered as directed by a physician. The dosage of subcutaneous fluids administered is dependent upon the age, weight, and clinical condition of the patient as well as laboratory determinations. The rate and volume of subcutaneous fluid administration should not exceed those employed for intravenous infusion. For premature infants or during the neonatal period, the daily dosage should not exceed 25 mL/kg and the rate of administration should not be greater than 2 mL per minute.

2.3 Dispersion and Absorption of Injected Drugs

Hylenex can be used to enhance the dispersion and absorption of other injected or subcutaneously infused drugs by pre-administration of HYLENEX recombinant or by adding 50-300 U, most typically 150 U hyaluronidase, to the injection solution prior to infiltration use, interstitial use, intramuscular use, intraocular use, retrobulbar use, soft tissue use or subcutaneous use.

2.4 Subcutaneous Urography

The subcutaneous route of administration of urographic contrast media may be considered when intravenous administration cannot be successfully accomplished, particularly in infants and small children. With the patient prone, inject 75 U of HYLENEX recombinant subcutaneously over each scapula, followed by injection of the contrast medium at the same sites.
Each participant randomized to a mHealth assessment were evaluated with: (1) structural abnormalities with handheld-echocardiography (Vscan®, General Electric Healthcare); (2) vital signs with smartphone-connected oxymetry and blood pressure monitors (iHealthLabs®); (3) functional assessments on a 6-minute walk test with a trial-axial activity monitor (Ozeri®); (4) cardiac rhythm abnormalities with smartphone-connected- iECG (AliveCor®) and; (5)point-of-care testing with fingerstick B-type natriuretic peptide (Alere). All study participants then underwent a comprehensive transthoracic echocardiogram for anatomical assessments of the severity of rheumatic and structural heart disease prior to percutaneous valvuloplasty or a surgical valve replacement.
The device for the topical treatment of skin lesions contains upper and lower paddles. Furthermore, the device consists of the movable and immobile parts. The movable part comprises compressor with replacement reservoirs for the medicinal solutions and the pipe, and the vacuum appliance with the replacement reservoirs for the spent fluid. The device also contains the foot switch. The movable part is equipped with the handle consisting of the front and back parts with two tubes inside that are exteriorized on the front and back parts of the handle and are ended with external thread. To the back part of the lower tube with the external thread, the pipe is attached tightly connected with the reservoir for the medicinal solutions and the compressor. To the upper tube with the external thread, the pipe is attached tightly connected with the reservoir for the spent fluid and the vacuum appliance. To the exteriorized tubes with the external threads on the front part of the handle, the permanent or exchangeable paddles are attached. The paddle contains the horizontal tubular piece and the flattened piece turned downwards at the angle of 90° and equipped with the internal canal ended with the opening at the bottom. To the front external part of the lower tube, the rear paddle is attached with its opening onto the anterior wall. To the external part of the upper tube, the forward paddle is attached with its opening on the back wall. The paddles are arranged with 0.5-3.0-cm gap between. When operated, the handle and the paddles move forward, and the medicinal solution is fed to the gap between the paddles under the pressure. The fluid contacts the skin, whereupon the spent solution is sucked via the opening in the forward paddle with the aid of the vacuum appliance being transported into the reservoir for the spent fluid.
The study purpose is to assess the accuracy of experienced endoscopists at a community hospital in predicting histological types of polyps resected at colonoscopy using white light. The study will be conducted at Good Samaritan Hospital and TriHealth Surgery Center West. Study participants include patients 50 years or older undergoing first-time screening colonoscopy. This is an observational study and does not involve any patient interventions. After completing the colonoscopy, the endoscopist will document their prediction of the polyp type. The polyp type predicted by the endoscopist will be compared to the polyp type documented in the pathology report to determine accuracy. It is estimated that study enrollment will take 6 months.
The safety and efficacy of GONAL-F were examined in a randomized, open-label, multicenter, active-controlled trial conducted in the U.S in oligo-anovulatory infertile women. Women were randomized to GONAL-F , administered subcutaneously, or a comparator urofollitropin product, administered intramuscularly.

The primary efficacy parameter was the ovulation rate. Two hundred and thirty-two women received treatment for up to three cycles with GONAL-F (118 women ) or urofollitropin (114 women).

Ovulation results for women who received treatment with GONAL-F in at least one cycle are summarized in Table 5.

For the 44 woman in the GONAL-F group who achieved clinical pregnancy, 22.7 % did not reach a term pregnancy, 63.6% had singleton births and 13.7% had multiple births.

An additional randomized, open-label, multinational, multicenter trial, active-comparator trial was conducted in oligo-anovulatory infertile women who failed to ovulate or conceive following adequate clomiphene citrate therapy. Results for the primary efficacy outcome of cumulative percent ovulation at Cycle 1 were similar to those presented in Table 5 for the U.S. ovulation induction trial.
Subjects will be administered topotecan along with concomitant radiation for five days per week for five weeks. Topotecan doses will start at 0.25 milligrams per square meter (mg/m˄2) and will be escalated 0.15 mg/m˄2 for subsequent cohorts. To advance to the next dose level of topotecan, at least two subjects will have to complete therapy with oral topotecan without experiencing grade 3 or 4 toxicity for three weeks after the oral topotecan treatment.
The invention belongs to the field of structural grease, and discloses water-soluble caffeoyl structural grease, and a preparation method and application thereof, in particular application thereof as an antioxidant. The chemical name of the water-soluble caffeoyl structural grease is 1-caffeoyl monoglyceride. The chemical structure is as shown in Formula (1). The invention also provides an enzymatic synthesis method. According to the method, an exchange reaction between caffeoyl acetate and glyceride is catalyzed by enzymes through a solvent-free system to prepare the 1-caffeoyl monoglyceride, so that the preparation of water-soluble caffeoyl derivatives is realized. The 1-caffeoyl monoglyceride is a new functional phenololipoid, has multiple physiological activities of caffeic acid, has higher antioxidant activity in both a water-soluble system and an alcohol-soluble system, and overcomes the defect of poor water solubility of the caffeic acid. Meanwhile, the 1-caffeoyl monoglyceride, serving as a potential natural water-soluble antioxidant substance, can be applied to the fields of emulsified food such as milk and functional grease and cosmetics, and has great economical and social values.
The intervention group will participate in a 42-day nurse-assisted intervention "eHealth@ Hospital-2-Home". The intervention includes monitoring of vital signs, self-reports of symptoms, health and well-being, access to information about illness and health resources , and communication between the patients and a hospital-based Nurse Navigator.
Patients with FGFR mutation or fusion receive erdafitinib PO QD on days 1-28. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Additionally, patients undergo blood sample collection, CT or MRI, and tumor biopsy throughout the study.
Neuroinflammation is associated with several neurological disorders including temporal lobe epilepsy. Seizures themselves can induce neuroinflammation. In an in vivo model of epilepsy, the supplementation of brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) using a Herpes-based vector reduced epileptogenesis-associated neuroinflammation. The aim of this study was to test whether the attenuation of the neuroinflammation obtained in vivo with BDNF and FGF-2 was direct or secondary to other effects, for example, the reduction in the severity and frequency of spontaneous recurrent seizures. An in vitro model of neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 ng/mL) in a mouse primary mixed glial culture was used. The releases of cytokines and NO were analyzed via ELISA and Griess assay, respectively. The effects of LPS and neurotrophic factors on cell viability were determined by performing an MTT assay. BDNF and FGF-2 were tested alone and co-administered. LPS induced a significant increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and NO. BDNF, FGF-2, and their co-administration did not counteract these LPS effects. Our study suggests that the anti-inflammatory effect of BDNF and FGF-2 in vivo in the epilepsy model was indirect and likely due to a reduction in seizure frequency and severity.
The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of MetS at 24 weeks by ATP III score in PLHpatients living with HIV who started antiretroviral therapy (ART) with Dolutegravir based-regimen vs. Bictegravir based-regimen. An open-label randomized clinical trial was conducted,from February 2021 through December 2022, in HIV clinic at the national medical center "La Raza", Mexico city. the primary endpoint was the incidence of MetS at 48 weeks comparing BIC/FTC/TAF with DTG/3TC/ABC in patients with HIV type 1 (HIV-1) infection starting ART.Study subjects were men who have sex with men (MSM) with HIV-1 infection ≥18 years old, living with HIV, naïve to ART (PLHIV). The trial enrolled residents of Mexico City and Mexico State from February 2021 through February 2024. Inclusion criteria were men over ≥18 years , a viral load of at least of 500 copies/ or more per milliliter, and a creatinine clearance over 60 ml/ per minute (CKD-EPI formula). Among the exclusion criteria were MetS, comorbidities or prescription of drugs associated with weight gain or weight loss or current treatment for tuberculosis. Each patient received a personalized eating plan based on the equivalent food system method adjusted to their energy requirements before starting treatment by a nutritionist . The primary endpoint was the incidence of MetS at week 24. Secondary objectives were the percentage of patients with an HIV-1 RNA level of less than 40 copies/ per mlilliliter, CD4+ count changes, and side-effect profile and safety, including findings on physical examination and laboratory analyses. Body composition was measured at baseline and at 24 weeks using a next generation bioimpedance device. Each patient was measured in duplicate to ensure better results and to avoid minimal changes. An ultrasonography (US) to measure visceral and subcutaneous fat was donemeasured. Waist circumference was also measured in the fasting state by using a non-retractable material flexible ruler. There was no testing of HIV resistance at screening. Patients with two confirmed elevations in the HIV-1 RNA level to 1000 copies or more per milliliter after week 24 were tested for drug resistance, together with their stored baseline samples. Weight and height were measured every medical visitduring routine clinical care, and recorded in electronic health records. Repeated measures of weight in kilograms (kg) were done at baseline 24 and 48 weeks. Descriptive results were summarized using median and interquartile range (IQR). Percentage was obtained in order to evaluate the weight gain classification. The main outcome variable was the incidence of MS at 48 weeks. We assessed weight change and metabolic changes at 48 weeks with a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Mann Whitney U-test was used to compare between groups of INSTI. The effectiveness outcomes were analyzed in the intention-to-treat population and the safety outcomes were analyzed in the as-treated population. All analyses were conducted using SPSS software (version 29; SPSS IBM Corp., Armonk, NJ, USA)
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) lasted from March 2020 to May 2023, infecting over 689 million and causing 6.9 million deaths globally. SARS-CoV-2 enters human cells via the spike protein binding to ACE2 receptors, leading to viral replication and an exaggerated immune response characterized by a "cytokine storm." This review analyzes the COVID-19 pathogenesis, strains, risk factors for severe disease, and vaccine types and effectiveness. A systematic literature search for 2020-2023 was conducted. Results show the cytokine storm underlies COVID-19 pathogenesis, causing multiorgan damage. Key viral strains include Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron, differing in transmissibility, disease severity, and vaccine escape. Risk factors for severe COVID-19 include older age, obesity, and comorbidities. mRNA, viral vector, and inactivated vaccines effectively prevent hospitalization and death, although new variants exhibit some vaccine escape. Ongoing monitoring of emerging strains and vaccine effectiveness is warranted. This review provides updated information on COVID-19 pathogenesis, viral variants, risk factors, and vaccines to inform public health strategies for containment and treatment.
The Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a common problem among Veterans and is associated with a greater likelihood of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The Mediterranean diet is the only popular diet that has been shown to reduce CVD event rates but the extent to which monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) enrichment results in improvement in parameters of MetS is unresolved. Similarly, while low intensity exercise improves the CVD risk factor profile, there have been no comparative investigations comparing MUFA and PUFA enriched diets and exercise in patients with MetS that have extended beyond 1 year. Recently, the VA established the MOVE! program, a national weight management program designed to help Veterans lose weight. Using the VA promoted program, we will perform a systematic evaluation of the effects of dietary fat composition \[comparison between MUFA-enriched and PUFA enriched diet\] with MOVE!. We hypothesize that a MUFA-enriched diet consisting of antioxidant, lipid reducing and insulin sensitizing properties will be superior to the less palatable PUFA-enriched diet on improving cardiometabolic parameters associated with MetS. Specifically, the MUFA MOVE! program is expected to lead to greater improvements than the PUFA MOVE! program in body composition and aerobic fitness (Specific Aim 1), endothelial dependent flow mediated vasodilatation and the postprandial lipid response to a meal load (Specific Aim 2) and the mechanisms (lipolytic and lipid transfer protein activity, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance) responsible for these effects (Specific Aim 3). Collectively, these studies will advance our understanding of mechanisms underlying the differential effects of MUFA and PUFA-enriched dietary regimens on cardiometabolic health and when combined with the MOVE! program, will provide new and useful information to Veterans (and the general public) interested in optimizing their diets for CVD disease prevention and improved vascular health.
BACKGROUND: To report a case of Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome (MEWDS) one month after a COVID-19 infection in a female patient at an age unusual for the occurrence of this disease.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 69-year-old Caucasian female reported the presence of floaters, photopsia, and enlarging vision loss in her left eye following the COVID-19 infection. Clinical and multimodal imaging was consistent with the MEWDS diagnosis. Fluorescein angiography examination revealed characteristic hyperfluorescent spots around the fovea in a wreath-like pattern. An extensive lab workup to rule out other autoimmune and infectious etiologies was inconclusive. Visual acuity and white dots resolved after a course of corticosteroids, which was confirmed on follow-up dilated fundus exam and multimodal imaging.
CONCLUSIONS: MEWDS is a rare white dot syndrome that may occur following COVID-19 infection in addition to other reported ophthalmic disorders following this infection.