anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of natural disasters and the loss of life and property caused by disasters in the world and in Turkey. Turkey is a country where tectonic strata are commonly found. Besides, it has various natural disaster risks considering its geological features, topography and meteorological conditions. According to the statistics of the Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency (AFAD) for 2022, the natural disaster events that occurred in 2022 were as follows: 18 avalanches, 21,054 earthquakes, 859 landslides, 137 rock falls, 13 sinkholes, 450 floods/floods and 451 others, totalling 22,982. Considering the high physical and social vulnerability of Turkey, these disasters cause a high number of deaths, injuries and material losses. The solution to minimise the negative impacts of disasters is to be prepared for future disasters. For this reason, there is a need for raising awareness of the society about disasters and disaster risk avoidance skills known as disaster literacy. Disaster literacy is defined as the degree to which individuals read, understand and use information to make informed decisions and follow instructions in the context of mitigation, preparation, response and recovery. In the last decade, virtual reality-based training in disaster preparedness has been increasingly recognised as an important and new alternative to the traditional methods of real-life drills and tabletop exercises. Many studies have described various applications of virtual reality in disaster training. In 2001, Freeman et al. published the use of a virtual reality patient simulation system to teach emergency response skills to US Navy medical personnel. In 2007, a virtual simulation-enhanced triage training for Iraqi medical personnel was described. The following year, immersive simulation for training first responders to mass casualty incidents,mass casualty triage skills using immersive three-dimensional virtual reality, and critical care skills during mass casualty drills. The equivalence of VR simulators with live actor-patient use in directing actions has been demonstrated and simulation for team training and assessment using virtual worlds. In 2009, game-based mass casualty burn training was proposed.In 2011, Cone et al. published a comparison of SALT and SMART triage systems using a virtual reality simulator with paramedic students. Finally, virtual simulation as a teaching method for nursing students has been shown to reinforce learning and improve retention of learning over time.

Pre-disaster mitigation and preparedness activities are essential to reduce vulnerability in a community and protect people when disasters occur. Although disaster preparedness and protective behaviours have attracted the attention of scholars worldwide, there is no significant study on the preparedness, disaster literacy and disaster resilience of rural households. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of virtual reality use on disaster literacy, disaster preparedness and individual disaster resilience in adults living in rural areas.
FIELD: immunology. SUBSTANCE: method is accomplished by treating human peripheral blood lymphocyte culture and suspension of mouse (BALB/c) resident peritonial cells with solution of material being tested. This solution, if above-listed conditions are observed, may induce production of cytokines which are determined by standard identification methods. Results can be improved by adding non-steroid antiinflammatory drug, preferably indometacine. Method is also applicable in determining immunologic response of human individuals to therapy involving substances inducing cytokines. EFFECT: extended methods for screening of immuno-modulating compounds. 13 cl, 13 dwg, 6 tbl, 6 ex
The resistance level will stay at the participant's selected moderate level during the entire testing unless they need to stop due to pain or difficulty completing the exercise. During the exercise, the participants will be rotating to the right first at a pace of 1 second for concentric contraction to full rotation and 1 second for eccentric contraction, returning the head to the neutral position. The participant will continue this pace to complete 5 repetitions and then take a 2-second rest before continuing this sequence 5 times (a total of 25 reps) before switching and doing left rotation in the same fashion. This will be done for a total of 3 sets for both right and left rotation. The use of a metronome will be used along with the researcher's verbal instructions and cueing to maintain the proper sequence and timing of the exercise.
PURPOSE: A composition for improving skin wrinkle and for whitening skin is provided to let cistanoside A to synthesize with collagen of fibroblast of skin, stop collagenase activation by stopping the production of melanin to show whitening effect. CONSTITUTION: The pharmaceutical composition compound for whitening skin comprises a chemical formula 1 as an active ingredient. The active ingredient is included as 0.0001 through 10 weight% in comparison to whole composition. The external preparation for whitening skin includes chemical formula 1 as an active ingredient. The cosmetic composition for whitening skin includes chemical formula 1 as an active ingredient. The nutritional health food for whitening skin includes chemical formula 1 as an active ingredient.
OBJECTIVE: Currently, there is no established guideline on whether to opt for percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) or traditional transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) surgery based on specific types of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Based on the Michigan State University (MSU) classification system, this study conducted a medium- to long-term follow-up analysis of two surgical methods over 5 years for the first time, aiming to provide empirical evidence to assist in making more informed decisions before surgery for LDH treatment.
METHODS: This was a retrospective study that included 273 patients with single-level LDH who underwent PELD or TLIF treatment at our hospital between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2018. Detailed metrics included preoperative and postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and Oswestry disability index (ODI) at 1-day, 1-week, 1-year, and 5-year follow-ups. Complications, recurrences, and 5-year postoperative modified MacNab criteria scores were also recorded. Statistical methods included independent sample t-tests, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and χ2 tests.
RESULTS: Classified into seven groups according to the MSU classification, it was found that there was an improvement in the VAS and ODI scores at four postoperative follow-ups (p < 0.001). PELD showed better results than TLIF in reducing pain and improving the ODI scores in the classifications of 3B, 2B, and 2C (p < 0.05). TLIF demonstrated consistent superiority over PELD in 2A, 2AB, 3A, and 3AB classifications (p < 0.05). The total recurrence rate in the PELD group (11.05%) within 5 years after surgery was higher (p < 0.05) than that in the TLIF group (3.96%). These were mainly concentrated in the 2A, 2AB, 3A, and 3AB types. Moreover, the rate of excellent and good outcomes in the PELD was higher than in the TLIF but no significant difference (χ2 = 1.0568, p = 0.5895).
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that PELD and TLIF may relieve LDH, but have advantages under different MSU classifications. The MSU classification has specific guiding significance and could aid in the surgical selection of PELD or TLIF to achieve optimal treatment outcomes for patients with lumbar disc herniation.
Hyperactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. However, the precise molecular mechanisms that modulate the transcriptional regulation of NLRP3 remain largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) deficiency in macrophages leads to significant increases in the Nlrp3 and Il-1β expression levels and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) secretion in response to NLRP3 inflammasome stimulation. Furthermore, in vivo experiments utilizing Gsnor-/- mice revealed increased disease severity in both lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic shock and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis models. Additionally, we showed that both LPS-induced septic shock and DSS-induced colitis were ameliorated in Gsnor-/- Nlrp3-/- double-knockout (DKO) mice. Mechanistically, GSNOR deficiency increases the S-nitrosation of mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14) at the Cys211 residue and augments MAPK14 kinase activity, thereby promoting Nlrp3 and Il-1β transcription and stimulating NLRP3 inflammasome activity. Our findings suggested that GSNOR is a regulator of the NLRP3 inflammasome and that reducing the level of S-nitrosylated MAPK14 may constitute an effective strategy for alleviating diseases associated with NLRP3-mediated inflammation.
In a 12-week intravenous repeat-dose study in dogs, there was a dose-dependent increase in vacuolated macrophages in the spleen. The presence of vacuolated macrophages likely reflects accumulated removal of injected pegloticase (foreign) material from the circulation. There was no evidence of degeneration, inflammation, or necrosis associated with the vacuoles findings, however there was evidence of decreased functional response to liposaccharides.

In a 39-week, repeat dose dog study, there was a dose dependent increase in vacuolated cells in several organs, including the spleen, adrenal gland, liver, heart, duodenum and jejunum. In the spleen, liver, duodenum and jejunum, these vacuoles were within macrophages and most likely represented phagocytic removal of pegloticase from the circulation. However, the vacuolated cells in the heart and adrenal gland did not stain as macrophages. In the aortic outflow tract of the heart, vacuoles were in the cytoplasm of endothelial cells in the intimal lining of the aorta. In the adrenal gland, vacuoles were located within cortical cells in the zona reticularis and zona fasciculata. The clinical significance of these findings and the functional consequences are unknown.
NEW MATERIAL:An ascorbic acid or erythorbic acid derivative expressed by the formula (n is an integer 12-20). EXAMPLE:5,6-Di-O-myristoyl-L-ascorbic acid. USE:An antioxidant, having improved fat solubility and antioxidizing property and useful in food or the living body. PREPARATION:Ascorbic acid or erythorbic acid is acylated by conventional method to give a 2,5,6-triacyl substitution product, which is then normally heat- treated in the presence of a nucleophilic reagent, e.g. methanol, and as necessary, in the coexistence of a weakly acidic compound, e.g. acetic acid, to selectively deacylate only the 2-position and afford the aimed compound expressed by the formula.
Behavioral Activation (BA) is a behavioral technique to help people overcome avoidant tendencies through goal setting, activity scheduling, and graded task assignment. The key component of BA involves developing an "Action Plan", and having the subject document each step of the plan as he or she implements it, reinforcing the steps towards goal attainment. "Action Plans" are easily applied to diabetes self-care tasks because the latter lend themselves to documentation of simple, step-by-step plans. In this study, a Community Health Educator (CHE) - interventionist will schedule and deliver four 45-60 minute in-home BA sessions within 3 months of randomization (i.e., one session every 2-3 weeks).
Integrative Medical care is defined as a comprehensive medical evaluation that emphasizes wellness and healing of the whole person as major goals above and beyond suppression of a specific somatic disease. The patient is viewed as a whole person with mind and spirit as well as body and these dimensions are incorporated into diagnosis and treatment plans. An integrative medicine evaluation includes four aspects of health: physical, emotional, mental and spiritual health. Maximum improvement in health is achieved by addressing each aspect through an integrated treatment plan. The evaluation generally takes 90-120 minutes.
This is the prospective cohort study with single group of active surveillance. We define our cohort group as the patients with following criteria: Men \< 80 years, pathologically proven adenocarcinoma of the prostate by transrectal prostate biopsy ≥ 10 cores, pre-biopsy PSA ≤ 10ng/ml, PSA density \< 0.15 ng/ml/ml, clinical stage T1-2a, biopsy Gleason score ≤ 6, number of positive cores ≤ 2, maximum cancer involvement in any one core ≤ 20%, and no PIRADS 5 lesion on multiparametric prostate MRI (1.5T or 3T).
LY900014 (100 units/milliliter (U/mL)) is a prandial insulin administered subcutaneously (SC) 0-2 minutes before meals. Insulin degludec (100 U/mL) is a basal insulin administered once daily SC. Participants received individually adjusted insulin doses during the 35-day titration period. The target glucose values were: fasting glucose 80-110 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL), overnight glucose excursion (the difference between bedtime and prebreakfast glucose levels) \< or = +/- 30 mg/dL, postprandial glucose peak \<140 mg/dL or \<20% increase from premeal level. Following the titration period, there was an 11-day maintenance period during which the doses were kept unchanged unless for safety reasons.
The invention discloses a plaster mate which is nontoxic volatile oil extracted from plants. The plant is plant of Pinaceae. The nontoxic volatile oil is oleoresin exuded from plant of Pinus of Pinaceae. A preparation method of a plaster mate comprises the following steps: breaking the part of the plant containing the volatile oil, distilling the part by introducing steam, adding edible salt into the distillate, and performing salting-out separation to extract the volatile oil, wherein the weight ratio of the volatile oil to the distilled liquid is as follows: performing reduced pressure distillation and refining fractionation, and collecting mixed distillate with high boiling range, middle boiling range and turpentine oil, wherein the high boiling range is 140 ℃/10mmHg, the middle boiling range is 85-125 ℃/10mmHg, and the low boiling range is 45-85 ℃/10 mmHg. C: the absorbent cotton is used as carrier to absorb the mixed distillate and turpentine oil, and the mixed distillate and turpentine oil are separately packed in aluminum-plastic composite bags or plastic bottles, glass bottles and other containers. The invention relates to a special scavenger designed aiming at residual plaster materials after plaster is applied to skin affected parts, the used materials are natural non-toxic harmless liquid raw materials, have the skin stimulation function and have the auxiliary treatment effect on muscle and joint pain. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for plaster residue removal. After the plaster is cleaned by the product, the clearance rate of plaster residues reaches 100 percent.
The communication between tumor-derived exosomes and macrophages plays an important role in facilitating the progression of tumors. However, the regulatory mechanisms by which exosomes regulate tumor progression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have not been fully elucidated. We constructed a coculture system containing an ESCC cell line and macrophages using a Transwell chamber. We isolated exosomes from the conditioned medium of cancer cells, and characterized them with transmission electron microscopy and western blotting and used then to treat macrophages. We used co-immunoprecipitation to evaluate the interaction between hyaluronidase 1 (HYAL1) and Aurora B kinase (AURKB). We evaluated HYAL1 and AURKB expression in tissues and cells with quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. We used RT-qPCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and flow cytometry to detect macrophage polarization. We assessed cell viability, invasion and migration with the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), Transwell and wound healing assays. HYAL1 was highly expressed in ESCC tissues and cells and cancer cell-derived exosomes, and exosomes can be delivered to macrophages through the cancer cell-derived exosomes. The exosomes extracted from HYAL1-overexpressed ESCC cells suppressed M1 macrophage polarization and induced M2 macrophage polarization, thereby promoting ESCC cell viability, invasion and migration. HYAL1 silencing in ESCC cells produced the opposite effects on macrophage polarization and cancer cell functions. We found that HYAL1 interacted with AURKB and further activated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway in macrophages. In conclusion, ESCC-derived exosomes containing HYAL1 facilitate M2 macrophage polarization by targeting AURKB to active the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which in turn promotes ESCC progression.
Adult patients with hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia were enrolled in two randomized, parallel-group, multinational, multicenter, double-blinded trials of identical design comparing VIBATIV (10 mg/kg IV every 24 hours) with vancomycin (1 g IV every 12 hours) for 7 to 21 days. Vancomycin dosages could be adjusted for body weight and/or renal function per local guidelines. Patients could receive concomitant aztreonam or metronidazole for suspected Gram-negative and anaerobic infection, respectively. The addition of piperacillin/tazobactam was also permitted for coverage of Gram-negative organisms if resistance to aztreonam was known or suspected. Patients with known or suspected infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were enrolled in the studies. 

Of the patients enrolled across both trials, 64% were male and 70% were white.The mean age was 63 years. At baseline, more than 50% were admitted to an intensive care unit, about 23% had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, about 29% had ventilator-associated pneumonia and about 6% had bacteremia. Demographic and baseline characteristics were generally well-balanced between treatment groups; however, there were differences between HABP/VABP Trial 1 and HABP/VABP Trial 2 with respect to a baseline history of diabetes mellitus (31% in Trial 1, 21% in Trial 2) and baseline renal insufficiency (CrCl ≤ 50 mL/min) (36% in Trial 1, 27% in Trial 2). 

All-cause mortality was evaluated because there is historical evidence of treatment effect for this endpoint. This was a protocol pre-specified secondary endpoint. The 28-day all-cause mortality outcomes(overall and by baseline creatinine clearance categorization) in the group of patients who had at least one baseline Gram-positive respiratory pathogen are shown in Table 14. This group of patients included those who had mixed Gram-positive/Gram-negative infections. 

The protocol-specified analysis included clinical cure rates at the TOC (7 to 14 days after the last dose of study drug) in the co-primary All-Treated (AT) and Clinically Evaluable (CE) populations (Table 15). Clinical cure was determined by resolution of signs and symptoms, no further antibacterial therapy for HABP/VABP after end-of-treatment, and improvement or no progression of baseline radiographic findings. However, the quantitative estimate of treatment effect for this endpoint has not been established.
PURPOSE: A composition containing Lactobacillus plantarum DSR CK10 or Lactobacillus plantarum DSR M2 for treating inflammatory diseases is provided to suppress the expression of one or more cytokines among TNF-alpha, IL-6, and MCP-1, and to suppress NO generation. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for treating cancer or inflammatory diseases contains Lactobacillus plantarum DSR CK10 or Lactobacillus plantarum DSR M2 as an active ingredient. The pharmaceutical composition suppresses cytokine expression or NO generation. The inflammatory diseases are selected from arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease, encephalomyelitis, meningitis, pancreatitis, peritonitis, osteomyelitis, encephalitis, meningitis, rhinitis, and acute bronchitis. A food composition for preventing and treating inflammatory diseases or cancer contains Lactobacillus plantarum DSR CK10 or Lactobacillus plantarum DSR M2 as an active ingredient. [Reference numerals] (AA) Treat with LPS 0.5ug/ml for 4h after treat a specimen for 24h
Tetracycline is a yellow, odorless, crystalline powder. Tetracycline is stable in air but exposure to strong sunlight causes it to darken. Its potency is affected in solutions of pH below 2 and is rapidly destroyed by alkali hydroxide solutions. Tetracycline is very slightly soluble in water, freely soluble in dilute acid and in alkali hydroxide solutions, sparingly soluble in alcohol, and practically insoluble in chloroform and in ether. The chemical name for tetracycline hydrochloride is 4-(Dimethylamino) -1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,6,10,12,-12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-2-naphthacenecar-boxamide monohydrochloride. Its structural formula is as follows:

Each capsule, for oral administration, contains 250 mg or 500 mg tetracycline hydrochloride.

Inactive Ingredients: Lactose, and magnesium stearate.

The 250 mg and 500 mg capsule shells contain D&C Yellow No. 10, FD&C Yellow No. 6, gelatin, sodium lauryl sulfate, and titanium dioxide.

The imprinting ink for the 250 mg and 500 mg capsules contains D&C Yellow No. 10, FD&C Blue No. 1, FD&C Blue No. 2, FD&C Red No. 40, iron oxide black, pharmaceutical shellac glaze, propylene glycol, n-butyl alcohol, and ferrosoferric oxide.

This product complies with USP dissolution Test 2.
The invention provides a composition comprising 1H-pyrazolo [3,4-D]CDK8 inhibitors of pyrimidine structure, compounds as cyclin dependent kinase 8 inhibitors, novel in chemical structure, having 1H-pyrazolo [3,4-D]A pyrimidine structure. The compound is a structure shown in a general formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; the invention also provides a preparation method of the compound. The inhibitor binds to the DMG-out conformation of the CDK8 target and is a type II inhibitor. Its IC50 value for CDK8 reached 2.3nM, which is comparable to the currently highly active type I inhibitors, with a residence time of 950 minutes. The inhibitor was inactive against 19 kinases similar to CDK8 at 1 μ M concentration, and thus showed high selectivity for CDK 8. And has low toxicity when used as a medicament.
The present invention discloses a medical composition. The medical composition has the functions on clearing heat, moistening dryness, and relieving sore-throat and alleviating pain, and is used for treating disease symptoms of dryness and pain of throats, etc. caused by dryness heat and impairment of the body fluid. The present invention aims to replenish the insufficiency of the existing oral drug preparations for treating the disease symptoms, and provides an oral preparation emblic leafflower fruit drop pill with high biologic utilization degree, quick medicine release, quick curative effect, high medicament content, convenient administration, cheap price and no pollution in the production. The emblic leafflower fruit drop pill referred by the present invention is prepared from traditional Chinese medicines of emblic leafflower fruit, borneol, menthol, etc. serving as raw materials and medicinal carriers serving as substrates.
Group 1 will be comprised of 3 volunteers who will be vaccinated first before the rest for demonstration of safety. The safety volunteers will receive 2 escalating doses of PfSPZ vaccine at a two week interval, 1.35x10\^5 and 2.7x10\^5 PfSPZ.
Lixisenatide 10 mcg once daily (QD) for 2 weeks, then at a maintenance dose of 20 mcg QD up to Week 24. If the maintenance dose of 20 mcg was not tolerated, dose could be reduced to 10 mcg.