anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A prospective case-control observation study method was adopted. The investigators of each center included patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were fully informed about the content of the study, possible benefits, and risks. After obtaining informed consent, the patients were included in the method of continuous sampling and convenient sampling. According to the method of random control, the patients were grouped. In the control group, the length of catheter insertion is measured from the pre-puncture point to the shoulder or armpit. In experimental group 1, the catheter insertion length is measured from the pre-puncture point to the midpoint of the clavicle, and in the experimental group, 2 catheter insertion length is measured from the pre-puncture point to the sternoclavicular joint. With a single-blind design, patients do not know the enrollment situation. The catheter was inserted by a full-time specialist nurse of intravenous therapy under ultrasound guidance combined with the modified Seedinger technique. The catheter was inserted according to the length of different measurement methods in different groups. After the catheter was inserted, an X-ray examination was performed to determine the catheter tip position again. Data collection and follow-up observation will be conducted by researchers who have been uniformly trained. Record the baseline data of the patients in the group before catheterization, record the insertion status during catheterization, record the patient's catheter use and catheter sealing frequency every day during catheter placement, and evaluate catheter function and complications until extubation daily.
Various diseases and conditions cause joint disorders. Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage, synovitis, and anabolic changes in surrounding bone tissues. In contrast, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and hemophilic arthropathy (HA) display marked destruction of bone tissues caused by synovitis. RA is a representative autoimmune disease. The primary tissue of RA pathogenesis is the synovial membrane and involves various immune cells that produce catabolic cytokines and enzymes. Hemophilia is a genetic disorder caused by a deficiency in blood clotting factors. Recurrent intra-articular bleeding leads to chronic synovitis through excessive iron deposition and results in the destruction of affected joints. Although the triggers for these two joint diseases are completely different, many cytokines and enzymes are common in the pathogenesis of both RA and HA. This review focuses on the similarities between joint and bone destruction in RA and HA. The insights may be useful in developing better treatments for hemophilia patients with arthropathy and osteoporosis by leveraging advanced therapeutics for RA.
Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) and its close relative American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) are perennial aromatic herbs that are widely used in Asian medicine. Ginseng root is used as a tonic thought to increase the body's resistance to stress and fatigue, to increase endurance under heavy physical activity, and to improve well-being in age-related debilitation. Most of the ginseng consumed, even in Asian populations, is American ginseng, and the majority of American ginseng is grown and processed in Wisconsin, with quality and standardization overseen by the Ginseng Board of Wisconsin. Furthermore, in Asian medicine, Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) and American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) are common components in herbals used for cancer prevention and treatment. Indeed, retrospective studies have shown that patients who consumed ginseng on a regular basis experienced cancers at a reduced rate, however, breast cancer was not considered. Ginseng has been used medicinally for over 2000 years and there are no substantiated serious adverse effects, and few, if any, non-serious adverse effects. The World Health Organization lists ginseng as a traditional medicine with very low toxicity. Clinical trials have also demonstrated an anti-hyperglycemic action of American ginseng. These studies utilized capsules containing dried, ground Ontario-grown P. qinquefolius L. root. The ground AG root preparation had an onset of action of 40 minutes. They found no significant increase in anti-hyperglycemic action after 40 minutes and no significant increase in anti-hyperglycemic action using 1 gram versus 3 gram dosing.

LEAG is a standardized preparation of lyophilized water-extract of American ginseng root in 250-mg gelatin capsules. The ginseng was purchased through the Ginseng Board of Wisconsin and the lyophilized extract has been certified for percentage of each and total ginsenoside content and screened for safe levels of minerals, metals, and pesticides by ConsumerLab.com, a leading testing service company of dietary supplements.
Testosterone gel was evaluated in a randomized multicenter, multi-dose, active and placebo controlled 90-day study in 406 adult males with morning testosterone levels ≤300 ng/dL. The study was double-blind for the doses of testosterone gel and placebo, but open label for the non-scrotal testosterone transdermal system. During the first 60 days, patients were evenly randomized to testosterone gel 50 mg, testosterone gel 100 mg, placebo gel, or testosterone transdermal system. At Day 60, patients receiving testosterone gel were maintained at the same dose, or were titrated up or down within their treatment group, based on 24-hour averaged serum testosterone concentration levels obtained on Day 30.

Of 192 hypogonadal men who were appropriately titrated with testosterone gel and who had sufficient data for analysis, 74% achieved an average serum testosterone level within the normal range (300 to 1,000 ng/dL) on treatment Day 90.

Table 4 summarizes the mean testosterone concentrations on Day 30 for patients receiving testosterone gel 50 mg or 100 mg.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Individual resistance to hypoxia is an important feature of the physiological profile of an organism, particularly in relation to lead-induced toxicity.
METHODS: Our study focused on evaluating parameters of mitochondrial oxygen consumption, microsomal oxidation, intensity of lipoperoxidation processes and antioxidant defences in the liver of rats with low (LR) and high (HR) resistance to hypoxia to elucidate the mechanisms of action of L-arginine and the NO synthase inhibitor L-NNA before or after exposure to lead nitrate.
RESULTS: Our study suggests that the redistribution of oxygen-dependent processes towards mitochondrial processes under the influence of the nitric oxide precursor amino acid L-arginine is an important mechanism for maintaining mitochondrial respiratory chain function during per os lead nitrate exposure (3.6 mg lead nitrate/kg bw per day for 30 days). Animals were given L-arginine at a dose of 600 mg/kg bw (i.p., 30 min) before and after exposure to lead nitrate or the NO synthase inhibitor Nω-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) at a dose of 35 mg/kg bw (i.p., 30 min) before and after exposure to lead nitrate. Our experiments demonstrated the efficacy of using lead nitrate to simulate lead-related toxic processes via Pb levels in liver tissue; we demonstrated significantly reduced levels of nitrites and nitrates, i.e. stable metabolites of the nitric oxide system, in both LR and HR animals. The effect of the amino acid L-arginine stabilised the negative effects of lead nitrate exposure in both groups of LR and HR rats. We observed the efficiency of mitochondrial energy supply processes and showed a greater vulnerability of NADH-dependent oxidation during lead nitrate exposure in the liver of HR rats.
CONCLUSION: L-arginine initiated the processes of oxidation of NADH-dependent substrates in the LR group, whereas in the HR group this directionality of processes was more effective when the role of the nitric oxide system was reduced (use of L-NNA). Our study of key antioxidant enzyme activities in rat liver tissue during lead nitrate exposure revealed changes in the catalase-peroxidase activity ratio. We found different activities of antioxidant enzymes in the liver tissue of rats treated with lead nitrate and L-arginine or L-NNA, with a significant increase in GPx activity in the LR group when L-arginine was administered both before and after exposure to lead nitrate.
Oxycodone Hydrochloride Tablets may cause severe hypotension including orthostatic hypotension and syncope in ambulatory patients. There is increased risk in patients whose ability to maintain blood pressure has already been compromised by a reduced blood volume or concurrent administration of certain CNS depressant drugs (e.g., phenothiazines or general anesthetics) [see Drug Interactions (7)].  Monitor these patients for signs of hypotension after initiating or titrating the dosage of Oxycodone Hydrochloride Tablets. In patients with circulatory shock, use of Oxycodone Hydrochloride Tablets may cause vasodilation that can further reduce cardiac output and blood pressure. Avoid use of Oxycodone Hydrochloride Tablets in patients with circulatory shock.   
Risks of Use in Patients with Increased Intracranial Pressure, Brain Tumors, Head Injury, or Impaired Consciousness   
In patients who may be susceptible to the intracranial effects of CO2 retention (e.g., those with evidence of increased intracranial pressure or brain tumors), Oxycodone Hydrochloride Tablets may reduce the respiratory drive, and the resultant CO2 retention can further increase intracranial pressure. Monitor such patients for signs of sedation and respiratory depression, particularly when initiating therapy with Oxycodone Hydrochloride Tablets. 

Opioids may obscure the clinical course in a patient with a head injury. Avoid the use of Oxycodone Hydrochloride Tablets in patients with impaired consciousness or coma.
PURPOSE:To enhance the adhesive property to a wound surface and a treatment effect by forming the above sheet of chitin and tacky adhesive material. CONSTITUTION:This sheet is the tacky adhesive sheet of the chitin and the tacky adhesive material. The chitin to be used is chitin or chitosan and includes the chitin derivatives obtd. by the esterification, etherification, carboxymethylation, hydroxyethylation or O-ethylation, etc., of the amino group, -OH group or -CH2OH group of the residual glucosamine groups of the chitin or chitosan. The sheet does not strongly and tightly stick to the skin, etc., and does not peel when used for protecting wounds or for treatment of various kinds of skin diseases and, therefore, the sheet is well usable even in curved parts or parts susceptible to destruction by external forces. An excellent treatment effect is thus exhibited.
AIMS: A bone-invasive pituitary adenoma exhibits aggressive behavior, leading to a worse prognosis. We have found that TNF-α promotes bone invasion by facilitating the differentiation of osteoclasts, however, before bone-invasive pituitary adenoma invades bone tissue, it needs to penetrate the dura mater, and this mechanism is not yet clear.
METHODS: We performed transcriptome microarrays on specimens of bone-invasive pituitary adenomas (BIPAs) and noninvasive pituitary adenomas (NIPAs) and conducted differential expressed gene analysis and enrichment analysis. We altered the expression of TNF-α through plasmids, then validated the effects of TNF-α on GH3 cells and verified the efficacy of the TNF-α inhibitor SPD304. Finally, the effects of TNF-α were validated in in vivo experiments.
RESULTS: Pathway act work showed that the MAPK pathway was significantly implicated in the pathway network. The expression of TNF-α, MMP9, and p-p38 is higher in BIPAs than in NIPAs. Overexpression of TNF-α elevated the expression of MAPK pathway proteins and MMP9 in GH3 cells, as well as promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of GH3 cells. Flow cytometry indicated that TNF-α overexpression increased the G2 phase ratio in GH3 cells and inhibited apoptosis. The expression of MMP9 was reduced after blocking the P38 MAPK pathway; overexpression of MMP9 promoted invasion of GH3 cells. In vivo experiments confirm that the TNF-α overexpression group has larger tumor volumes. SPD304 was able to suppress the effects caused by TNF-α overexpression.
CONCLUSION: Bone-invasive pituitary adenoma secretes higher levels of TNF-α, which then acts on itself in an autocrine manner, activating the MAPK pathway and promoting the expression of MMP9, thereby accelerating the membrane invasion process. SPD304 significantly inhibits the effect of TNF-α and may be applied in the clinical treatment of bone-invasive pituitary adenoma.
PURPOSE:To obtain a new compound useful as a platelet coagulation inhibitor or fat infusion agent. CONSTITUTION:The objective compounds a 1,2,3-triacyl glyceride of the formula (R1 and R2 are acyl groups derived from unsaturated fatty acids differing from each other; namely, one of them is derived from eicosapentaenoic acid or docosahexaenoic acid, the other from linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid or docosahexaenoic acid), e.g. 1,3-di-9,12- octadecadienoyl-2-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoyl glyceride. The compound of the formula can be obtained by the following process: glycerol and an unsaturated fatty acid such as linoleic acid are put to condensation reaction at -30 to -10C at the molar ratio of pref. 1: (1.9-2.2) to produce a 1,3-diacyl glyceride, which is then put to condensation reaction with a second unsaturated fatty acid at the molar ratio of pref. 0.95-1.1. The condensation agent to be used is pref. N,N'-dicyclcthexylcarbodiimide.
BACKGROUND: Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage of gastric cancer (GC) is one of the main factors affecting clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to explore the targets related to TNM stage of GC, and screening natural bioactive drug.
METHODS: RNA sequencing data of the TCGA-STAD cohort were downloaded from UCSC database. Genes associated with TNM staging were identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Univariate Cox regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), extreme gradient boosting (Xgboost), random forest (RF) and cytohubba plug-in of cytoscope were applied to screen hub genes. Natural bioactive ingredients were available from the HERB database. Molecular docking was used to evaluate the binding activity of active ingredients to the hub protein. CCK-8, flow cytometry, transwell and Western blot assays were used to analyze the effects of diosgenin on GC cells.
RESULTS: 898 TNM-related genes were screened out through WGCNA. Three genes associated with GC progression/prognosis were identified, including nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 2 (NR3C2), solute carrier family 1 member 5 (SLC1A5) and FAT atypical cadherin 1 (FAT1) based on the machine learning algorithms and hub co-expression network analysis. Diosgenin had good binding activity with SLC1A5. SLC1A5 was highly expressed in GC and was closely associated with tumor stage, overall survival and immune infiltration of GC patients. Diosgenin could inhibit cell viability and invasive ability, promote apoptosis and induce cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase. In addition, diosgenin promoted cleaved caspase 3 expression and inhibited Ki67, cyclin D1, p-S6K1, and SLC1A5 expression levels, while the mTORC1 activator (MHY1485) reversed this phenomenon.
CONCLUSION: For the first time, this work reports diosgenin may inhibit the activation of mTORC1 signaling through targeting SLC1A5, thereby inhibiting the malignant behaviors of GC cells.
Mecasermin is a human insulin-like growth factor-1 (rhIGF-1) produced by recombinant DNA technology. IGF-1 consists of 70 amino acids in a single chain with three intramolecular disulfide bridges and a molecular weight of 7649 Da. The amino acid sequence of the product is identical to that of endogenous human IGF-1. The rhIGF-1 protein is synthesized in bacteria (E. coli) that have been modified by the addition of the gene for human IGF-1.

INCRELEX (mecasermin) injection is a sterile, aqueous, clear and colorless solution intended for subcutaneous injection. Each multiple-dose vial of INCRELEX contains 40 mg of mecasermin in 4 mL solution, and each mL contains 10 mg mecasermin, 9 mg benzyl alcohol, 0.43 mg glacial acetic acid, 2 mg polysorbate 20, 3.51 mg sodium acetate, and 5.84 mg sodium chloride in Water for Injection, USP at a pH of approximately 5.4.
For patients with baseline weight ≥ 77 kg and baseline platelets ≥ 150000/uL, a starting dose of 300 mg QD will be given; other patients will be given a starting dose of 200 mg QD. One treatment cycle is 28 days; follow-up and evaluation will be conducted every 2 cycles until the disease progression or patients cannot tolerate.
BACKGROUND: The efficacy of FOLFIRI plus an antiangiogenesis biologic agent as 2nd line therapy for metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma is limited. TAS-102 is a novel oral antimetabolite with a distinct mechanism of action from fluoropyrimidines. We evaluated the antitumour efficacy of TAS-102, irinotecan and bevacizumab in patients with pre-treated, advanced colorectal adenocarcinoma in a multicenter, phase II, single-arm study.
METHODS: Patients with advanced colorectal adenocarcinoma who had progressed after oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidine and were eligible for treatment with bevacizumab were treated with irinotecan, bevacizumab, and TAS-102 in 28-day cycles. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS).
RESULTS: We enrolled 35 evaluable patients. The study was positive. The median PFS was 7.9 (90% CI 6.2-11.8) months (vs. 6 months in historical control, p = 0.018). The median overall survival was 16.5 (90% CI 9.8-17.5) months. Sixty-seven per cent of patients experienced grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events. The most common toxicities were hematological (neutropenia) and gastrointestinal (diarrhoea, nausea, and vomiting).
CONCLUSIONS: Irinotecan, TAS-102 and bevacizumab is an active 2nd line therapy for patients with metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma. Neutropenia is common and can affect dose density/intensity mandating use of G-CSF. A randomized study versus standard-of-care therapy is warranted.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04109924.
The invention discloses a seaweed mask convenient to use. The mask comprises mask paper, gauze and seaweed. The mask is characterized in that the gauze is fixed on the mask paper through a thread; the gap between the gauze and the mask paper is divided into a plurality of grids by the thread; the seaweed is distributed in the grids evenly; and the mask is provided with an eye portion, a mouse portion and a nose portion. By the aid of the mask, skin care products in which chemical elements are mixed cannot harm skins. The mask has functions such as whitening, water replenishing, freckle removal and acne removal. The mask has the advantages of being simple in structure, easy to use, low in production cost and easy to popularize.
Neck pain is a very common clinical condition which equals the economic, social cost and level of disability to that of low back pain.Mechanical neck pain that occurs without an identifiable underlying disease and anatomical abnormality is termed as "non-specific" neck pain (NS-NP).Mechanical neck pain commonly arises insidiously and is generally multifactorial in origin.Two most common complains associated with chronic specific and non-specific neck pain are Kinesiophobia (fear of movement) and Postural asymmetry (forward head posture). Medical, surgical and physical therapy treatments are recommended for addressing chronic non-specific neck pain. Within the scope of physical therapy conventional management consist of many different techniques such as therapeutic exercises, electrotherapy, Pilates, yoga and manual therapy. Manual therapy is among the most common used method for treating musculoskeletal conditions including chronic neck pain. Manual therapy consists of stretching techniques, joint mobilization/manipulation, isometric/dynamic strengthening exercises and fascial manipulation or release. Global Postural Re-education (GPR) is an alternative therapeutic strategy based on the concept that postural muscles are organized in the form of 'muscle chains' located on the anterior and posterior aspect of the spine. It involves the global stretching of the anti-gravitational muscles and the kinetic muscle chains.
The computerized cognitive training group will receive 16 sessions of training, 35 minutes each, conducted twice per week over a period of 8 weeks. Participants will be asked to complete a set of computerized tasks using Cogmed, a digital training programme which is proven to enhance working memory and attention level in children.
We employed a randomized block (RB) design; blocked on reservation, 147 families were randomly assigned to the control condition. We completed a post-test and a 6-month youth follow-up.
PURPOSE:To hold an opening mechanism at a prescribed position in a transport mode, etc. and to prevent the misloading of a disk, by releasing the shift of a device which loads and reproduces the disk by means of a cartridge to the inside of a cartridge opening mechanism only when a pair of lock mechanisms are pushed at a time. CONSTITUTION:A lock arm 111 is turned toward an arrow A by a tortion spring 118 fitted to a pin 116, and an engaging arm part 114 detains the vertical face of a projected part 113 to limit the shift toward an arrow X1. When a cartridge 1 is loaded into a reproducer 30 in a normal way, both terminal sides are set into recess parts 54 and 55 and push both side detaining arm part 112 to turn it toward an arrow B against the spring 118. Thus the engaging state between the parts 114 and 113 is released simultaneously at both sides. Then a cartridge opening mechanism 31 can move toward the arrow X1.
Odontomas are benign tumors characterized by slow and limited growth with a rare recurrence. Odontomas are generally detected by radiographic findings in the radiopaque stage, where calcification of the tissues is observed. This article seeks to report the recurrence of a radiologically diagnosed odontoma to show the importance of radiographic controls after enucleation as a diagnostic and follow-up method. Case report: A female patient, 9 years old, attended dental care in 2020 due to malpositioned teeth. In the intraoral clinical examination, she presented stage II mixed dentition with crowding. A radiographic exam showed no associated lesions. The patient reported a history of odontoma removal and a supernumerary tooth in sextant II in 2016. Subsequently, she was referred to orthodontics, where permanent dentition with moderate anterior crowding in the maxilla and mandible was observed. The radiographic examination showed a radiopaque area compatible with odontoma, palatal to teeth 12 and 13. Conclusions: Although recurrence is rare, complete removal in the case of an odontoma is critical. This study demonstrates the importance of performing radiographic controls 5 years after enucleation of an odontoma, considering the stages of evolution.
Patients assigned to this group will receive three sessions. During each session, 2000 pulses will be delivered by a focal shock wave generator, with an energy flux density of 0.2 mJ/mm² and a frequency of 4 Hz.