anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To examine the evidence evaluating the association between obesity and neuropathy as well as potential interventions.
RECENT FINDINGS: Although diabetes has long been associated with neuropathy, additional metabolic syndrome components, including obesity, are increasingly linked to neuropathy development, regardless of glycemic status. Preclinical rodent models as well as clinical studies are shedding light on the mechanisms of obesity-related neuropathy as well as challenges associated with slowing progression. Dietary and surgical weight loss and exercise interventions are promising, but more data is needed.
SUMMARY: High-fat-diet rodent models have shown that obesity-related neuropathy is a product of excess glucose and lipid accumulation leading to inflammation and cell death. Clinical studies consistently demonstrate obesity is independently associated with neuropathy; therefore, likely a causal risk factor. Dietary weight loss improves neuropathy symptoms but not examination scores. Bariatric surgery and exercise are promising interventions, but larger, more rigorous studies are needed. Further research is also needed to determine the utility of weight loss medications and ideal timing for obesity interventions to prevent neuropathy.
Patients receive allogeneic cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes IV. Patients with partial response, stable disease, or progressive disease may receive an additional dose of allogeneic cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes at a minimum of 2 weeks from the first infusion.
PURPOSE:To enable highly accurate and highly sensitive measurement which is remarkably simple and rapid in operation by using an immunity sensor which can be repeatedly used as a detecting device and by automating a series of immunity measurement processes by means of a suitable apparatus. CONSTITUTION:An oxygen electrode 11 is coated with an oxygen permeable film 12 and an antibody immobilizing film 13 of a fibroin film and is attached to a cell chamber 14 of a volume of approximately 0.2ml. A reagent bottle 30 contains cleaning solution, a reagent bottle 31 contains dissociation solution, a reagent bottle 32 contains enzyme reaction matrix solution and a reagent bottle 33 contains enzyme marking antibody solution, wherein each solution is taken into an apparatus via intake pipes 34 to 37 and sent to an immunological sensor cell unit 10 via a flow tube 46 through a specimen injection unit 20 by a tube pump 41. In addition, it is possible to permit the cleaning solution to flow through a common flow path from a solenoid valve 42 to the chamber 14. By making a tubing volume from the injection unit 20 to the chamber 14 small, highly accurate measurement is possible. The apparatus further has a control means for running a series of operation programs to execute respective processing steps of immunity measurement correctly and uniformly wherein a measured signal is processed in an arithmetic unit to be displayed as a concentration in the specimen.
PURPOSE:To obtain an anti-retrovirus agent useful for treating various diseases caused by retrovirus, comprising quercetin as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:Quercetin having low toxicity and high safety extracted and isolated from Sophorae flos of crude drug is used as an active ingredient, directly processed or blended with a conventional carrier for preparation and pharmaceutically manufactured by a conventional procedure to give the aimed substance. The substance can be made into a dosage form such as tablet, capsule, granule, powder, injection or suppository. A dose as an oral agent is 100-6,000mg calculated as weight of quercetin and administered dividedly several times daily. 1-100mg is administered as a parenteral drug daily. Quercetin has a reverse transcriptase and inhibits multiplying retrovirus.
Described are compounds of formulae I and II, wherein: R is H, halo, hydroxy, amino, or optionally substituted alky, and R' is H, halo, amino, or optionally substituted alkyl. Also described is the isolated polypeptide shown in SEQ. ID. NO. 1, which may be used to produce the compounds of formulae I and II. The compounds of formulae I and II are used in the manufacture of medicaments for the treatment of bacterial or fungal infections.
Patients receive nivolumab IV over 30 minutes followed by relatlimab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Additionally, patients undergo surgery or biopsy, MRI, and blood sample collection throughout study.
Benralizumab (30mg) will be administered sc every 4 weeks for 3 doses (at weeks 0, 4 and 8). Eosinophil counts will be blinded during this time and background hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) therapy will not be tapered.
UNLABELLED: Acquired immunity is an important way to construct the intestinal immune barrier in mammals, which is almost dependent on suckling. To develop a new strategy for accelerating the construction of gut microbiome, newborn Holstein calves were continuously fed with 40 mL of compound probiotics (containing Lactobacillus plantarum T-14, Enterococcus faecium T-11, Saccharomyces cerevisiae T-209, and Bacillus licheniformis T-231) per day for 60 days. Through diarrhea rate monitoring, immune index testing, antioxidant capacity detection, and metagenome sequencing, the changes in diarrhea incidence, average daily gain, immune index, and gut microbiome of newborn calves within 60 days were investigated. Results indicated that feeding the compound probiotics reduced the average diarrhea rate of calves by 42.90%, increased the average daily gain by 43.40%, raised the antioxidant indexes of catalase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, and Glutathione peroxidase by 22.81%, 6.49%, 8.33%, and 13.67%, respectively, and increased the immune indexes of IgA, IgG, and IgM by 10.44%, 4.85%, and 6.12%, respectively. Moreover, metagenome sequencing data showed that feeding the compound probiotics increased the abundance of beneficial strains (e.g., Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus massionigeriensis) and decreased the abundance of some harmful strains (e.g., Escherichia sp. MOD1-EC5189 and Mycobacterium brisbane) in the gut microbiome of calves, thus contributing to accelerating the construction of healthy gut microbiome in newborn Holstein calves.
IMPORTANCE: The unstable gut microbiome and incomplete intestinal function of newborn calves are important factors for the high incidence of early diarrhea. This study presents an effective strategy to improve the overall immunity and gut microbiome in calves and provides new insights into the application of compound probiotics in mammals.
BACKGROUND: 3D computed tomography (CT) has been seldom used for the evaluation of hiatal hernias (HH) in surgical patients. This study aims to describe the 3D CT findings in candidates for laparoscopic or robotic antireflux surgery or HH repair and compare them with other tests.
METHODS: Thirty patients with HH and/or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who were candidates for surgical treatment and underwent high-resolution CT were recruited. The variables studied were distance from the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) to the hiatus; total gastric volume and herniated gastric volume, percentage of herniated volume in relation to the total gastric volume; diameters and area of the esophageal hiatus.
RESULTS: HH was diagnosed with CT in 21 (70%) patients. There was no correlation between the distance EGJ-hiatus and the herniated gastric volume. There was a statistically significant correlation between the distance from the EGJ to the hiatus and the area of the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm. There was correlation between tomographic and endoscopic findings for the presence and size of HH. HH was diagnosed with manometry in 9 (50%) patients. There was no correlation between tomographic and manometric findings for the diagnosis of HH and between hiatal area and lower esophageal sphincter basal pressure. There was no correlation between any parameter and DeMeester score.
CONCLUSIONS: The anatomy of HH and the hiatus can be well defined by 3D CT. The EGJ-hiatus distance may be equally measured by 3D CT or upper digestive endoscopy. DeMeester score did not correlate with any anatomical parameter.
trial fibrillation is the single most frequent cause of ischemic stroke and associated with a high risk of recurrent stroke and cardiovascular complications. Usual care comprises oral anticoagulation and rate control. However, it is unclear, whether early rhythm control therapy reduces the risk of recurrent stroke and cardiovascular outcomes in stroke patients with atrial fibrillation. The Early treatment of Atrial fibrillation for Stroke prevention Trial in acute STROKE (EAST-STROKE) will be an investigator-initiated, prospective, randomized, open, blinded outcome assessment (PROBE) interventional multi-center trial to test whether early, comprehensive, rhythm control therapy prevents adverse cardiovascular outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke and atrial fibrillation compared to usual care. Primary outcome is a composite of recurrent stroke, cardiovascular death, and hospitalization due to worsening of heart failure or acute coronary syndrome. Secondary outcomes will involve a comprehensive array of clinical and safety parameters, health and socio-economic outcomes including patient reported outcome measures. In an adaptive design, up to 1,746 patients will be enrolled to demonstrate the expected treatment effect with 90% power.
A combination prime:boost therapy is described herein. The combination therapy is for use in inducing an immune response in a mammal. The combination includes: includes a peptide or combination of peptides formulated to generate an immune response in the mammal. The peptide(s) are from (15) to (100) amino acids in length. The peptide(s) include at least one antigenic amino acid sequence selected from: a sequence that comprises at least (9) sequential amino acids from SEQ. ID. No 1, SEQ ID Nos. 2-32, and SEQ ID Nos: 54-61. The therapy also includes a Maraba MG1 virus that is capable of expressing an antigenic protein that has an amino acid sequence that includes the antigenic amino acid sequences of the peptide or combination of peptides. The Maraba MG1 virus is formulated to induce the immune response in the mammal.
BACKGROUND Progression of chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) is influenced by chronic kidney disease (CKD). This 5-year follow-up study aimed to assess 100 patients with 118 intermediate coronary artery lesions evaluated by fractional flow reserve (FFR) and intravascular imaging stratified according to renal function. MATERIAL AND METHODS This prospective study enrolled patients with intermediate coronary stenosis identified by coronary angiogram. Patients with severe renal dysfunction (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <45 ml/min/1.73 m²) were excluded from the study. The remaining were divided into 2 groups according to eGFR: 45-60 ml/min/1.73 m² for mild-to-moderate renal dysfunction and >60 ml/min/1.73 m² for no renal dysfunction. We analyzed intermediate-grade stenoses (40-80% as assessed in coronary angiography) with the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT), FFR, and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). RESULTS Renal dysfunction patients were older (67.7±8.1 vs 63.6±9.7 years, P=0.044). Lesion characteristics, including plaque type and minimal lumen area in OCT, showed no significant differences between the renal dysfunction and no renal dysfunction groups. Thin-cap fibroatheroma, calcific plaques, lipidic plaques, and fibrous plaques had similar prevalence. FFR values and IVUS parameters did not significantly differ between the groups. Over a 5-year follow-up, individuals with mild-to-moderate renal dysfunction had an elevated risk of all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events in multivariate analyses adjusted for age and sex. CONCLUSIONS Mild-to-moderate renal dysfunction was not associated with significant differences in OCT- and IVUS-derived plaque morphology nor with functional indices characterizing intermediate-grade coronary stenoses. Renal dysfunction was related to a higher risk of all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events prevalence in 5-year follow-up.
Bupropion dose will start at 150 mg per day (one 150 mg sustained release tablet per day) for days 1-3 of the first week. The dose will then be increased to 300 mg per day (one 150 mg sustained release tablet twice daily) on day 4 and will remain 300 mg per day until the last week of the medication phase, when the dose will be decreased to 150 mg per day (one 150 mg sustained release tablet per day) for the last three days.
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a leading cause of global incidence and mortality rates. Oxidative stress and inflammation are key factors in the pathogenesis of AIS neuroinjury. Therefore, it is necessary to develop drugs that target neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in AIS. The Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 (TREM2), primarily expressed on microglial cell membranes, plays a critical role in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in AIS. In this study, we employed a high-throughput screening (HTS) strategy to evaluate 2625 compounds from the (Food and Drug Administration) FDA library in vitro to identify compounds that upregulate the TREM2 receptor on microglia. Through this screening, we identified Baicalin as a potential drug for AIS treatment. Baicalin, a flavonoid compound extracted and isolated from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis, demonstrated promising results. Next, we established an in vivo mouse model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (MCAO/R) and an in vitro microglia cell of oxygen-glucose deprivation reperfusion (OGD/R) to investigate the role of Baicalin in inflammation injury, oxidative stress, and neuronal apoptosis. Our results showed that baicalin effectively inhibited microglia activation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and inflammatory responses in vitro. Additionally, baicalin suppressed neuronal cell apoptosis. In the in vivo experiments, baicalin not only improved neurological functional deficits and reduced infarct volume but also inhibited microglia activation and inflammatory responses. Overall, our findings demonstrate the efficacy of Baicalin in treating MCAO/R by upregulating TREM2 to reduce inflammatory responses and inhibit neuronal apoptosis.
Participants received etelcalcetide three times a week (TIW) administered by intravenous bolus injection at the end of each hemodialysis session for 12 weeks. The starting dose was 5 mg and may have been titrated every 4 weeks based on the preceding serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and corrected calcium (cCa) levels to a maximum dose of 20 mg per hemodialysis session in order to achieve the targeted PTH range while maintaining serum calcium within an acceptable range.
The invention discloses a poorly differentiated thyroid cancer cell line PDTC-1 and applications thereof. The cell line is a poorly differentiated thyroid cancer cell line, and the accession number thereof is CGMCC No. 4939. The present invention establishes a poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma cell line, successfully establishes a nude-mouse transplanted tumor model by using the cell line, provides a screenable cell line for the study of thyroid cancer cytology, and the cell line can be used for establishing important models for screening thyroid cancer-sensitive chemotherapy drugs. On the basis of the present invention, differences of differentiated, poorly differentiated and undifferentiated thyroid cancers can be studied from the genetic level and the protein level, having important meaning for elucidating the generating mechanism and finding therapeutic targets of the thyroid cancer. The cell line of the present invention provides a platform for the study of thyroid cancer evolution and biological characteristics of poorly differentiated cancers, and is conducive to the in-depth study of pathogenesis, metastasis and recurrence of thyroid cancer.
Long-term studies in the mouse and rat [18 to 24 months; doses of 20 to 75 and 10 to 40 mg/kg/day, respectively (estimated human equivalent doses of 1.67 to 6.25 and 1.43 to 5.71 mg/kg/day, respectively, based on body surface area adjustment for a 60 kg adult; approximately 0.1 to 0.4 times the maximum human 24-hour dose of ribavirin)] have demonstrated a relationship between chronic ribavirin exposure and increased incidences of vascular lesions (microscopic hemorrhages) in mice. In rats, retinal degeneration occurred in controls, but the incidence was increased in ribavirintreated rats. 

In a study in which rat pups were dosed postnatally with ribavirin at doses of 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg/day, drug-related deaths occurred at 50 mg/kg (at rat pup plasma concentrations below human plasma concentrations at the human therapeutic dose) between study Days 13 and 48. Rat pups dosed from postnatal Days 7 through 63 demonstrated a minor, dose-related decrease in overall growth at all doses, which was subsequently manifested as slight decreases in body weight, crown-rump length, and bone length. These effects showed evidence of reversibility, and no histopathological effects on bone were observed. No ribavirin effects were observed regarding neurobehavioral or reproductive development.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effectiveness of external fixator combined with Kirschner wire (EF-KW) fixation in the treatment of oblique and comminuted distal humeral metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction (DHMDJ) fractures in children.
METHODS: A clinical data of 22 children with DHMDJ fractures who met the selection criteria between April 2021 and December 2023 was retrospectively analyzed. All patients were treated with EF-KW fixation. There were 14 boys and 8 girls with an average age of 6.8 years (range, 1.5-12.0 years). The time from injury to operation was 14-38 hours (mean, 24.2 hours). There were 18 cases of comminuted fractures and 4 cases of oblique fractures; and 1 case of median nerve injury and 1 case of radial nerve injury before operation. The occurrence of postoperative complications was recorded. At last follow-up, the function of the affected elbow joint was evaluated according to the Mayo elbow joint function score, and the Baumann's angle (BA) and humero-capitellar angle (HCA) of the affected and healthy sides were recorded and compared.
RESULTS: All fractures were successfully treated with closed reduction and no complications such as nerve injury occurred. Superficial infection occurred in 4 cases after operation and healed after symptomatic treatment. The incisions of other patients healed by first intention. All patients were followed up 9-24 months (mean, 13.8 months). At last follow-up, according to the Mayo elbow joint function score, the elbow joint function was rated as excellent in 15 cases, good in 6 cases, and fair in 1 case, with an excellent and good rate of 95.5%. The neurologic injury before operation recovered gradually. X-ray films reexamination showed that all fractures healed, and the healing time of fractures ranged from 29 to 61 days, with an average of 35.6 days. At last follow-up, there was no significant difference in BA and HCA between the healthy side and the affected side ( P>0.05). During follow-up, 1 case developed mild cubitus varus, while the other patients had no serious complications.
CONCLUSION: EF-KW fixation for oblique and comminuted DHMDJ fractures in children has the advantages of less trauma, simple operation, easy reduction, good stability after reduction, low incidence of serious complications, and good elbow functional recovery.
The virtual pet functions as a personalized fitness buddy to encourage children to set and meet physical activity goals, promote physical activity self-efficacy, and foster mutually supportive relationships among children, parents, and the virtual pet. Concurrently, the kiosk sends a text message to parents on the child's physical activity progress. Parents are then able to send words of encouragement and communicate with their children via the kiosk, using the text messaging feature of their mobile phones. Parents will also receive text messages from the kiosk with a security code to access a website that provides detailed records of the child's physical activity over time. Participants will be assessed for post-treatment measurements immediately after 3 months, 6 months after, and 12 months after the intervention.
Spinal cord injury creates an inflammatory microenvironment that regulates the capacity of transplanted human Neural Stem Cells (hNSC) to migrate, differentiate, and repair injury. Despite similarities in gene expression and markers detected by immunostaining, hNSC populations exhibit heterogeneous therapeutic potential. This heterogeneity derives in part from the epigenetic landscape in the hNSC genome, specifically methylation (5mC) and hydroxymethylation (5hmC) state, which may affect the response of transplanted hNSC in the injury microenvironment and thereby modulate repair capacity. We demonstrate a significant up-regulation of methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 gene (TET2) expression in undifferentiated hNSC derived from human embryonic stem cells (hES-NSC), and report that this is associated with hES-NSC competence for differentiation marker expression. TET2 protein catalyzes active demethylation and TET2 upregulation could be a signature of pluripotent exit, while shaping the epigenetic landscape in hES-NSC. We determine that the inflammatory environment overrides epigenetic programming in vitro and in vivo by directly modulating TET2 expression levels in hES-NSC to change cell fate. We also report the effect of cell fate and microenvironment on differential methylation 5mC/5hmC balance. Understanding how the activity of epigenetic modifiers changes within the transplantation niche in vivo is crucial for assessment of hES-NSC behavior for potential clinical applications.
OBJECTIVE: The intrauterine environment during pregnancy is a critical factor in the development of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in offspring. Maternal exercise prevents the detrimental effects of a maternal high fat diet on the metabolic health in adult offspring, but the effects of maternal exercise on offspring cardiovascular health have not been thoroughly investigated.
METHODS: To determine the effects of maternal exercise on offspring cardiovascular health, female mice were fed a chow (C; 21% kcal from fat) or high-fat (H; 60% kcal from fat) diet and further subdivided into sedentary (CS, HS) or wheel exercised (CW, HW) prior to pregnancy and throughout gestation. Offspring were maintained in a sedentary state and chow-fed throughout 52 weeks of age and subjected to serial echocardiography and cardiomyocyte isolation for functional and mechanistic studies.
RESULTS: High-fat fed sedentary dams (HS) produced female offspring with reduced ejection fraction (EF) compared to offspring from chow-fed dams (CS), but EF was preserved in offspring from high-fat fed exercised dams (HW) throughout 52 weeks of age. Cardiomyocytes from HW female offspring had increased kinetics, calcium cycling, and respiration compared to CS and HS offspring. HS offspring had increased oxidation of the RyR2 in cardiomyocytes coupled with increased baseline sarcomere length, resulting in RyR2 overactivity, which was negated in female HW offspring.
CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest a role for maternal exercise to protect against the detrimental effects of a maternal high-fat diet on female offspring cardiac health. Maternal exercise improved female offspring cardiomyocyte contraction, calcium cycling, respiration, RyR2 oxidation, and RyR2 activity. These data present an important, translatable role for maternal exercise to preserve cardiac health of female offspring and provide insight on mechanisms to prevent the transmission of cardiovascular diseases to subsequent generations.