anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Artificial products having the properties of vitamin C are produced by treating narcotine so as to remove the methyl groups of the meconin component with or without the removal of the methyl groups of the coternin component.  This may be effected by treating narcotine or its components or derivatives with acids, oxidizing agents, or enzymes from germinating seeds or by irradiation with chemically active rays or by more than one of these methods; or cotarnine may be condensed with nor-meconine. In examples: (1) narcotine is dissolved in 50 per cent sulphuric acid or in another acid such as concentrated hydrochloric or hydriodic acid and heated on a water bath while an inert gas is passed through; a salt of the product (an orthodiphenol of formula C20H19O7N) crystallizes out; (2) barley grains are steeped and germinated and then ground and placed in water in a glass vessel with the addition of narcotine and citric acid and left at room temperature for about a week; the solid matter is removed and the solution may be used as an antiscorbutic or may be evaporated to obtain the product; (3) narcotine is dissolved in a solvent such as ethyl acetate, cyclohexane or alcohol and irradiated in a closed quartz or like vessel which may be evacuated or filled with an indifferent gas before closing; the solution is evaporated, and the product purified by crystallization; (4) narcotine is dissolved in glacial acetic acid or dilute mineral acid and treated with hydrogen peroxide at ordinary temperature for some days; the solution is then evaporated in vacuo; (5) equivalent quantities of cotarnine and nor-meconine <FORM:0383746/IV/1> are boiled in alcoholic solution; concentrated hydrochloric acid is then added and the material separating out is filtered off.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) states that antiscorbutic substances can be obtained by treating narcotine so as to replace the methoxy groups from the meconine component.  This substance is apparently converted in the body into the ortho-diphenol.  It may be obtained also by condensing cotarnine with phthalide.  In an example this is effected by boiling in methyl alcoholic solution, the mixture being then poured into water which is then acidified with hydrochloric acid. The excess of phthalide is removed with ether and the solution is then made alkaline; the precipitated base is extracted with ether, evaporated, dissolved in alcohol, and crystallized.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Novel compounds of formula <FORM:1114369/C2/1> where R1 and R2 are hydrogen or alkyl groups having 1-4 carbon atoms, R3 is hydrogen, or an alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group having up to 9 carbon atoms, -NR4R5 is piperidino, pyrrolidino, N1-R5-piperazino, morpholino, thiamorpholino, hexamethyleneimino, or amino wherein R4 is hydrogen, or an alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl group each having up to 5 carbon atoms and optionally substituted by 1 or 2 hydroxy groups, and R5 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms which may be substituted by 1 or 2 hydroxy groups, are prepared (1) by reacting a compound of formula Q-S-CR1R2-CH(NH2)-CO2Y where Q is hydrogen or an easily removable protective group, and Y is hydrogen or an alkyl or p-nitrophenyl group, with an amine of formula R4R5NH, to form the corresponding propionamide, and with an acylating agent to form the N-acyl derivative, followed by removing the protective group if present, the reaction with the acylating agent and the removal of the protective group being carried out in any sequence, (2) by reducing the corresponding bis-N-acylcystine diamide, or (3) by reacting an N-acylcysteine with an amine R4R5NH in the presence of a dicycloalkylcarbodiimide.  The bis-N-acylcystine diamides may be prepared by reacting an S-benzyl-N-acylcysteine amide with sodium and ammonia, or by treating a cystine dimethyl ester with an amine to form the diamide followed by acylation.  3 - Hexanoyl - 4 - dimethylcarbamoyl - 2,2,5, 5 - tetramethylthiazolidine is obtained by reacting 2,2,5,5 - tetramethyl - 4 - carboxythiazolidine with hexanoyl chloride in pyridine, and treating the N-hexanoylisopropylidene-penicillamine obtained with triethylamine, ethyl chloroformate and dimethylamine.ALSO:Mucin is lysed by contacting mucus with a compound of formula I <FORM:1114369/A5-A6/1> wherein R1 and R2 are hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl groups, R3 is hydrogen, or alkyl, aralkyl or aryl groups each having up to 9 carbon atoms, -NR4R5 is piperidino, pyrrolidino, N\sv-R5-piperazino, morpholino, thiamorpholino, hexamethyleneimino, or amino wherein R4 is hydrogen, or alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl groups each having up to 5 carbon atoms and is unsubstituted or substituted by up to 2 hydroxy groups, and R5 is hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl and is unsubstituted or substituted by up to 2 hydroxy groups.  The Specification also discloses pharmaceutical compositions for use as nasal decongestants and in other respiratory conditions, e.g. as inhalants, and for other mucolytic uses, e.g. as vaginal tablets, containing certain of the active compounds of formula I above, if desired in combination with other active ingredients such as cetylpyridinium chloride and tyrothricin.  The compounds are also useful in the treatment of heavy metal poisoning, and as potential radio-protective drugs, and may be incorporated in a barium enema for use in radiopaque therapy, and to liquefy human sputum to facilitate microscopic examination.
FIELD: organic chemistry, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to novel derivatives of 5-phenoxyalkyl-2,4-thiazolidinediones of the general formula (I)   where A means linear or branched C 2 -C 16 -alkylene group that is saturated and optionally substituted with hydroxy- -group or phenyl; D means mono- or dicyclic aromatic group that can has one or two oxygen atoms; X means hydrogen atom, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, alkoxyalkyl-group, halogen atom, cyano-group, carboxy-group; n = 1-3 under condition that if A means butylene then   does not mean 4-chlorophenyl group as free form or pharmacologically acceptable salts. Method of synthesis of 5-phenoxyalkyl-2,4-thiazolidinediones of the general formula (I) involves interaction of compound of the formula (II) with dihalogenalkylene of the formula (III) in the presence of basic agent to yield compound of the formula (IV) which is subjected for reaction with dialkylmalonate of the formula (V) in the presence of alkaline metal alcoholate to yield compound of the formula (VI) which is subjected for halogenation to yield compound of the formula (II) which is heated at boiling with reflux condenser in acid medium to yield α-halogenacid of the formula (VIII)   which is subjected for reaction with thiourea to yield 2-imino-4-thiazolidinone of the formula (IX)  . Derivatives of dicarboxylic acid of the formula (VII)  , derivative of α--halogenacid of the formula (VIII), derivative of 2-imino-4-thiazolidinone of the formula (IX), derivative of 2,4-thiazolidinedione of the formula (XVIII)   are formed in the process of synthesis and have values X, D, n, A, Hal,   indicated above as intermediate compounds. Invention relates to also pharmaceutical composition showing antidiabetic activity containing compound of the formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable nontoxic inert carrier or vehicle. EFFECT: new compounds indicated above, improved method of synthesis, valuable medicinal properties. 18 cl, 2 tbl
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a significant global health burden, necessitating an in-depth exploration of its molecular underpinnings to facilitate the development of effective therapeutic strategies. This investigation delves into the complex role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the modulation of hypoxia-induced HCC progression, with a specific emphasis on delineating and functionally characterizing the novel KLF4/Lnc18q22.2/ULBP3 axis. To elucidate the effects of hypoxic conditions on HCC cells, we established in vitro models under both normoxic and hypoxic environments, followed by lncRNA microarray analyses. Among the lncRNAs identified, Lnc18q22.2 was found to be significantly upregulated in HCC cells subjected to hypoxia. Subsequent investigations affirmed the oncogenic role of Lnc18q22.2, highlighting its critical function in augmenting HCC cell proliferation and migration. Further examination disclosed that Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) transcriptionally governs Lnc18q22.2 expression in HCC cells, particularly under hypoxic stress. KLF4 subsequently enhances the tumorigenic capabilities of HCC cells through the modulation of Lnc18q22.2 expression. Advancing downstream in the molecular cascade, our study elucidates a novel interaction between Lnc18q22.2 and UL16-binding protein 3 (ULBP3), culminating in the stabilization of ULBP3 protein expression. Notably, ULBP3 was identified as a pivotal element, exerting dual functions by facilitating HCC tumorigenesis and mitigating immune evasion in hypoxia-exposed HCC cells. The comprehensive insights gained from our research delineate a hitherto unidentified KLF4/Lnc18q22.2/ULBP3 axis integral to the understanding of HCC tumorigenesis and immune escape under hypoxic conditions. This newly unveiled molecular pathway not only enriches our understanding of hypoxia-induced HCC progression but also presents novel avenues for therapeutic intervention.
Heart valves help control blood flow through the heart and, if diseased, may need to be replaced. After having a heart valve replaced, patients have a higher risk of death than people who have not had a valve replaced. In young adult patients, replacing the aortic heart valve with a mechanical valve halves their life-span compared to other people their age. Mechanical valves tend to form blood clots so they need long-term blood thinners that increase risk of bleeding and lower quality of life. Animal tissue valves reduce clotting and bleeding risks but wear out sooner and shorten patient life-span. An operation, called the Ross procedure, replaces a patient's diseased aortic valve with his/her own pulmonary valve and uses a donor valve in the pulmonary position which receives less stress than the aortic valve. The Ross procedure aims to improve valve durability with less clotting, avoiding use of blood thinners. Patients and physicians need a large, high-quality study comparing the Ross procedure and standard valve replacement to know if either approach is better. In parallel to the REVIVAL Registry, a REVIVAL Randomized Trial will also take place.

Patients included in randomized trials often systematically differ from those who are not. By creating a registry of patients who are eligible for but not recruited into the REVIVAL trial, the investigators will better understand: 1) the reasons for not including these patients; 2) how those patients differ in terms of baseline characteristics from the trial cohort; 3) whether the outcomes of registry participants differ from those in the trial, assessed by treatment group. The registry will aid in understanding the generalizability of the results that the trial produces.
Autologous dendritic cells loaded with tumor associated antigens (TAA) from autologous self-renewing tumor cells. AVOVA-1 is admixed with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as an adjuvant, prior to injection.
PURPOSE: To analyze the sensation of pain and the range of mandibular movements of adult individuals with temporomandibular disorder, before and after the application of the athletic tape.
METHOD: This is a double-blind randomized clinical trial, in which 22 adults with temporomandibular disorder participated, randomly allocated into two groups, with group A comprising 10 women and one man (mean age 28.2±8.3 years) and group B comprising nine women and two men (mean age 26.2±3.9 years). Group A was submitted to the application of the athletic tape on the masseter with 40% stretch and the group B to the application of the athletic tape on the masseter without stretching. All participants underwent the application of the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Pain threshold assessment was performed using an algometer to apply pressure to measurement points. The measurement of mandibular movements was performed using a caliper. The athletic tape was glued using the I technique, with a fixed point over the insertion and a movable point over the origin of the masseter muscle. Participants remained with the athletic tape for 24 hours and were re-evaluated.
RESULTS: There was pain relief in the group A in the temporomandibular joint on the right and at the origin of the masseter on the left. The group B showed a reduction in pain in the left anterior temporal region. No differences were found in mandibular movements after intervention, as well as no difference was found in the comparison by groups.
CONCLUSION: The use of the athletic tape over the masseter muscle, with stretching, for 24 hours produced relief from the sensation of pain, on the origin of the right masseter and in the right temporomandibular joint, and, without stretching, in the left anterior temporal muscle. There was no difference in the range of mandibular movements.
Trecator is primarily indicated for the treatment of active tuberculosis in patients with M. tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid or rifampin, or when there is intolerance on the part of the patient to other drugs. Its use alone in the treatment of tuberculosis results in the rapid development of resistance. It is essential, therefore, to give a suitable companion drug or drugs, the choice being based on the results of susceptibility tests. If the susceptibility tests indicate that the patient's organism is resistant to one of the first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs (i.e., isoniazid or rifampin) yet susceptible to ethionamide, ethionamide should be accompanied by at least one drug to which the M. tuberculosis isolate is known to be susceptible.3 If the tuberculosis is resistant to both isoniazid and rifampin, yet susceptible to ethionamide, ethionamide should be accompanied by at least two other drugs to which the M. tuberculosis isolate is known to be susceptible.3

To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Trecator and other antibacterial drugs, Trecator should be used only to treat infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.

Patient nonadherence to prescribed treatment can result in treatment failure and in the development of drug-resistant tuberculosis, which can be life-threatening and lead to other serious health risks. It is, therefore, essential that patients adhere to the drug regimen for the full duration of treatment. Directly observed therapy is recommended for all patients receiving treatment for tuberculosis. Patients in whom drug-resistant M. tuberculosis organisms are isolated should be managed in consultation with an expert in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis.
The study will run two gender-specific treatment groups (8 participants each) recruited from the community, with one individual session (for information, consent and initial data collection) and 6 group sessions. Both groups will receive the same intervention. A second round of recruitment will run later with anticipated n of 32 in the experimental arm.
This is a randomized pilot study. Women who are referred to the Nurse Practitioner for treatment will be invited to enroll. If the patient meets the study criteria, the study will be explained. If the patient agrees to participate in this study, informed consent will be obtained. The patient will be randomized (similar to flipping a coin) into either the Treatment group or Control group. Both groups will be maintained with their IC regimens as prescribed by their own health care providers. The following actions and treatment will done:

There will be 2 visits for all subjects. All subjects will complete a pain diary and medication log during the study. Salivary samples will be obtained at baseline, during the first week of the study, after the 2nd week of the study, the midpoint of the intervention (week 3) and at the end of the study. The Treatment group will listen to a guided imagery CD twice a day, and the Control group will sit or lay down, doing whatever they choose, for the same length of time twice a day. All subjects will complete questionnaires upon enrollment and at week 6.The "Treatment" subjects will receive the guided imagery CD specific for pelvic pain and interstitial cystitis. After the baseline data is completed, they will listen to track 2 of the CD (25 min. in length) twice a day ("Relaxation Exercise A"). The first week they listen to the CD, for 3 days they will obtain salivary tests upon waking then ½ hour later. Then they will listen to the CD, and obtain another salivary sample in addition to recording their pulse and respirations immediately after listening to the CD. The bedtime salivary test, pulse and respirations will be done immediately after listening to the CD. Salivary testing, pulse and respirations will also be done before this evening CD session. The salivary testing will be repeated in the same fashion during the 3rd week of intervention.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new DNA sequence that includes a specific base sequence of endothelial cells-leukocyte adhesion molecule or an DNA sequence encoding its fragment of the molecule and participates in the adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells and is useful of examination, diagnosis, prevention and treatment for inflammation. SOLUTION: This novel DNA sequence comprises the DNA sequence of the endothelial cell-leukocyte adhesive molecule(ELAM) 1 in the formula from the nucleotide No. 141 - No. 1970, the DNA sequence of ELAM1 in the formula from the nucleotide No. 144 - No. 1970, the DNA sequence encoding the amino acid sequence of the mature ELAM1, the DNA sequence of the formula from No. 204 to No. 1970 and, when necessary, includes the ATG initiation codon on the 5'-terminus, the DNA sequence encoding soluble ELAM1, the DNA sequence that is hybridized to one of the above-cited CAN sequences under the standard hybridization conditions and the DNA sequence encoding the amino acid sequence, when the amino acid sequence encoded by one of these DNA sequences is expressed. This sequence is useful for examination, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of inflammations.
Participants will have a sleep study on the intelligent oxygen therapy system. This system will supply variable flow oxygen to match a pre-set oxygen saturation target of 93% during sleep.
The goal of this intervention is to improve the frequency and quality of active parent-infant interaction via infant-directed singing. Throughout the 20-week intervention period, parents will be offered a weekly, smartphone- based, music intervention program featuring video-recorded music classes specifically designed for parents with infants. The video classes, which are part of Music Together Wiggle \& Sing curriculum, introduce new songs and demonstrate hands-on activities with the songs that parents can easily incorporate into their daily routines. The activities are highly interactive, emphasizing physical contact, gross-motor play, eye contact, cuddling, and rocking. Recordings of these songs will be also provided to supplement parents' learning in the instructional videos with audio-only content (e.g., for parents to use when viewing a video is not convenient). Parents will use the Music Together app and receive a weekly access code for a fresh set of intervention resources.
BACKGROUND: Cadaveric models are sometimes used to test the effect of manual techniques. We have not found any studies comparing the effect of tibiotarsal joint distraction on cadaveric models versus live models for clinical use. The aim was to compare the effect on tibiotarsal joint distraction movement when applying three force magnitudes of tibiotarsal axial traction technique force between a cadaveric model and volunteers. In addition, to compare the magnitude of force applied between the cadaveric model and volunteers. Finally, to assess the reliability of applying the same magnitude of force in three magnitudes of tibiotarsal axial traction force.
METHODS: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted. Sixty ankle joints were in open-packed position and three magnitudes of tibiotarsal axial traction technique force were applied. Tibiotarsal joint distraction movement was measured with ultrasound.
FINDINGS: No differences were found in applied force or tibiotarsal joint distraction between volunteers and cadavers in each magnitude of force (p > 0.05). The application of the technique showed moderate reliability for detecting low forces in both models. For medium and high force, it showed good reliability in the in vitro model and excellent reliability in the live model.
INTERPRETATION: The amount of distraction produced in the tibiotarsal joint was similar in volunteers and cadavers. The cadaveric model is a valid model for testing and investigating orthopaedic manual therapy techniques. The force applied was similar in the two models. Medium and high force detection showed good reliability, while low force showed moderate.
Iron is an essential component in the formation of hemoglobin. Adequate amounts of iron are necessary for effective erythropoiesis. Iron also serves as a cofactor of several enzymes, including cytochromes that are involved in electron transport. Folic acid is required for nucleoprotein synthesis and the maintenance of normal erythropoiesis. Folic acid is converted in the liver and plasma to its metabolically active form, tetrahydrofolic acid by dihydrofolate reductase. Vitamin B 12 is required for the maintenance of normal erythhropoiesis, nucleoprotein and myelin synthesis, cell reproduction and normal growth. Intrinsic factor, a glycoprotein secreted by the gastric mucosa, is required for active absorption of Vitamin B 12 from the gastric tract.
Patients should be advised not to wear a contact lens if their eye is red. LASTACAFT® should not be used to treat contact lens-related irritation. 

LASTACAFT® should not be instilled while wearing contact lenses. Remove contact lenses prior to instillation of LASTACAFT®. The preservative in LASTACAFT®, benzalkonium chloride, may be absorbed by soft contact lenses. Lenses may be reinserted after 10 minutes following administration of LASTACAFT®.
A method, apparatus and system that employs particles, e.g., nanoparticles, and an electric or electro-magnetic field, to cause electroporation in target cells at reduced fields. Electroporation may be irreversible, leading to targeted cell death, or reversible, allowing species to be introduced into the target cell. The method introduces a particle to a position adjacent to the cell membrane of a target cell and exposes the target cell to a transient electromagnetic field for a time interval to cause targeted electroporation. A smaller electric field is applied, thereby surmounting similar methods. The particle enhances the effect of the electric field in its immediate vicinity, so reducing the field strength needed to achieve electroporation and thereby reducing the risk of damage to cells through high field exposure. Electroporation can be targeted to a subset of target cells by targeting the particles to surface markers on the target cell membrane.