anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Assessing appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM) mass is crucial for the diagnosis of numerous pathologies related to the decline of muscle mass in old age, such as sarcopenia, malnutrition, or cachexia. The dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer (DEXA) radiological technique, which is the gold standard for its assessment, is particularly costly and not routinely used in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to derive computationally simple equations capable of estimating the DEXA-measured ASM at zero cost in older adult populations.
METHODS: We used the cross-sectional data collected by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) over 7 years (1999-2006). The study sample included 16,477 individuals aged 18 years and over, of which 4401 were over 60 years old. We considered 38 nonlaboratory variables. For the derivation of the equations, we employed the Brain Project, an innovative artificial intelligence tool that combines genetic programming and neural networks. The approach searches simultaneously for the mathematical expression and the variables to use in the equation. The derived equations are useful to estimate the DEXA-measured ASM.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: A simple equation that includes the body weight of the patient as the sole variable can estimate the outcome of DEXA with an accuracy equivalent to previously published equations. When used to identify individuals over 60 years old with muscle mass loss, it achieved an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.85 for both males and females. The inclusion of sex and anthropometric data (thigh and arm circumference) improved the accuracy for male individuals (AUC 0.89). The model is also suitable to be applied to the general adult population of 18 years of age or older. Using more than 3 variables does not lead to better accuracy.
CONCLUSIONS: The newly proposed equations have better diagnostic accuracy than previous equations for the estimation of DEXA-measured ASM. They are readily applicable in clinical practice for the screening of muscle mass loss in the over 60-year-old population with nearly zero-cost variables. The most complex model proposed in this study requires only the inspection of a simple diagnostic chart to estimate the status of muscle mass loss.
There is no experience with acute overdose of ZOMIG. Clinical study subjects who received single 50 mg oral doses of ZOMIG commonly experienced sedation.

There is no specific antidote to ZOMIG. In cases of severe intoxication, intensive care procedures are recommended, including establishing and maintaining a patent airway, ensuring adequate oxygenation and ventilation, and monitoring and support of the cardiovascular system.

The elimination half-life of ZOMIG is 3 hours [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.1)];therefore, monitor patients after overdose with ZOMIG for at least 15 hours or until symptoms or signs resolve. It is unknown what effect hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis has on the plasma concentrations of zolmitriptan.
A composition comprises plant material from the genus thalictrum. The composition may be used topically to lighten (or whiten) the skin of a subject. Typically, the composition comprises plant material, such as an extract, from the thalictrum petersonii species. In certain embodiments, the active ingredient of the composition consists of thalictrum petersonii. In a particular embodiment, the composition consists of thalictrum petersonii. A cosmetic method for lightening a subject's skin includes the step of applying thalictrum petitkii to the subject's skin. The composition is generally applied in an amount and/or for a time sufficient to lighten the skin.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a composition containing a hydrolysate of shell membrane as an active component and capable of facilitating the function of a digestive enzyme or direct digestion and absorption, adjusting alcoholic metabolism by a peptide from the shell membrane and preventing unpleasant feeling and drunken sickness attributable to drinking. SOLUTION: This composition contains a hydrolysate of shell membrane as an active component. The hydrolysate of shell membrane is obtained e.g. by crushing raw egg shells obtained by breaking eggs, sieving the crushed shells to collect a shell membrane-containing fraction, washing, dehydrating and drying the fraction, subsequently removing the shells from the treated fraction to obtain the shell membrane, hydrolyzing the obtained shell membrane with an acid such as phosphoric acid, an alkali such as sodium hydroxide and a proteolytic enzyme, and then optionally subjecting the hydrolysate to a desalting treatment using a membrane, an ion exchanging resin, etc. The hydrolysate has an average molecular weight of 300-20,000. Further, the composition is processed into e.g. food and drink.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a process for producing an abutment tooth model and crown restoration material capable of improving the release property (release property from the abutment tooth moded and modes) of the crown restoration materials. SOLUTION: A basic material, such as superhard plaster (CaSo4 .2H2 O), and at least one kind of oxide selected from a group consisting of Zr, Y and Ca are included in a material constituting the abutment tooth model 5. The abutment tooth model 5 is formed larger by the shrink-component of the internal shape of the crown restoration material 1 (molding) in a firing stage by the expansion at the time of curing and the thermal expansion, etc., by the time of firing. A compd. composed mainly of metallic powder consisting of To or Ti alloy is built up on the abutment tooth model 5 to form a desired crown shape and the completed molding is subjected to a debinder treatment. The molding is then subjected to firing together with the abutment tooth model 5, by which the crown restoration material 1 consisting of a metallic sintered compact is produced.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Bone homeostasis is balanced between formation and resorption activities and remain in relative equilibrium. Under disease states this process is disrupted, favoring more resorption over formation, leading to significant bone loss and fracture incidence. This aspect is a hallmark for patients with chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) affecting a significant portion of the population, both in the United States and worldwide. Further study into the underlying effects of the uremic microenvironment within bone during CKD-MBD are critical as fracture incidence in this patient population not only leads to increased morbidity, but also increased mortality. Lack of bone homeostasis also leads to mineral imbalance contributing to cardiovascular calcifications. One area understudied is the possible involvement of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) during the progression of CKD-MBD.
RECENT FINDINGS: BMAT accumulation is found during aging and in several disease states, some of which overlap as CKD etiologies. Importantly, research has found presence of BMAT inversely correlates with bone density and volume. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms for BMAT formation and accumulation during CKD-MBD may offer a potential therapeutic avenue to improve bone homeostasis and ultimately mineral metabolism.
OBJECTIVE: Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a late-onset progressive genetic neurodegenerative disorder that occurs in FMR1 premutation carriers. The temporal, spatial, and cell-type specific patterns of neurodegeneration in the FXTAS brain remain incompletely characterized. Intranuclear inclusion bodies are the neuropathological hallmark of FXTAS, which are largest and occur most frequently in astrocytes, glial cells that maintain brain homeostasis. Here, we characterized neuropathological alterations in astrocytes in multiple regions of the FXTAS brain.
METHODS: Striatal and cerebellar sections from FXTAS cases (n = 12) and controls (n = 12) were stained for the astrocyte markers glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1L1 (ALDH1L1) using immunohistochemistry. Reactive astrogliosis severity, the prevalence of GFAP+ fragments, and astrocyte density were scored. Double label immunofluorescence was utilized to detect co-localization of GFAP and cleaved caspase-3.
RESULTS: FXTAS cases showed widespread reactive gliosis in both grey and white matter. GFAP staining also revealed remarkably severe astrocyte pathology in FXTAS white matter - characterized by a significant and visible reduction in astrocyte density (-38.7% in striatum and - 32.2% in cerebellum) and the widespread presence of GFAP+ fragments reminiscent of apoptotic bodies. White matter specific reductions in astrocyte density were confirmed with ALDH1L1 staining. GFAP+ astrocytes and fragments in white matter were positive for cleaved caspase-3, suggesting that apoptosis-mediated degeneration is responsible for reduced astrocyte counts.
INTERPRETATION: We have established that FXTAS neuropathology includes robust degeneration of astrocytes, which is specific to white matter. Because astrocytes are essential for maintaining homeostasis within the central nervous system, a loss of astrocytes likely further exacerbates neuropathological progression of other cell types in the FXTAS brain. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:558-575.
The invention provides a porcine circovivus2 strain and application thereof. The novel porcine circovivus2 strain is good in productivity and good in immunogenicity. A vaccine prepared through inactivation of the porcine circovivus2 strain can effectively prevent the porcine circovivus disease. The preservation serial number of the porcine circovivus2 strain is CGMCC NO. 7707. According to the porcine circovivus2 strain (PCV2SD), protective efficacy is good, MPR cells used for strain reproduction can be reproduced well with conventional methods, inoculation can be achieved synchronously as well as with conventional methods, and the virus titer obtained after inoculated culture can reach more than 105.25 TCID/0.1ml; the vaccine prepared with the PCV2SD can well prevent the occurrence or prevalence of the porcine circovivus disease, and the protection rate can reach more than 90% if ELISA detection is carried out after immunity. Compared with other vaccines of the same kind in the domestic market in respect of protective efficacy, the vaccine prepared with the PCV2SD has the advantages of being fast in antibody production, long in protecting period, and capable of shortening the immunity blank area obviously, reducing immunity frequency, and improving economic performance.
Placebo Nasal Spray. Two metered doses of 100μL into each nostril, administered once daily for 14 consecutive days.
PURPOSE: Provided are a developing method for separating amygdalin and neoamygdalin by reversed-phase HPLC and optimum conditions for inhibition of racemization of amygdalin while extracting amygdalin from Prunus armeniaca var. ansu MAX. and Prunus persica. CONSTITUTION: In an extraction method of amygdalin from Prunus armeniaca var. ansu MAX. or Prunus persica which has anticancer activity, the extraction is carried out under the acidic condition by using a solvent containing an acidic component selected from citric acid, acetic acid, ascorbic acid or their mixture to inhibit the racemization of amygdalin. In a method for separating amygdalin and neoamygdalin, reversed-phase HPLC is used to separate amygdalin from the mixture of amygdalin and neoamygdalin.
Standard diagnostics used in longitudinal antimalarial studies are unable to characterize the complexity of submicroscopic parasite dynamics, particularly in high transmission settings. We use molecular markers and amplicon sequencing to characterize post-treatment stage-specific malaria parasite dynamics during a 42 day randomized trial of 3- versus 5 day artemether-lumefantrine in 303 children with and without HIV (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT03453840). The prevalence of parasite-derived 18S rRNA is >70% in children throughout follow-up, and the ring-stage marker SBP1 is detectable in over 15% of children on day 14 despite effective treatment. We find that the extended regimen significantly lowers the risk of recurrent ring-stage parasitemia compared to the standard 3 day regimen, and that higher day 7 lumefantrine concentrations decrease the probability of ring-stage parasites in the early post-treatment period. Longitudinal amplicon sequencing reveals remarkably dynamic patterns of multiclonal infections that include new and persistent clones in both the early post-treatment and later time periods. Our data indicate that post-treatment parasite dynamics are highly complex despite efficacious therapy, findings that will inform strategies to optimize regimens in the face of emerging partial artemisinin resistance in Africa.
The present invention pertains to a method of protecting against neuron loss in a subject by administering a compound that protects against neuron loss by acting through a vitamin D receptor. So me of these compounds may prevent or retard neuron loss by regulating intraneuronal and/or peripheral calcium and phosphate levels. Other compounds of the invention act through a vitamin D receptor to protect against neuron loss through mechanisms not involving calcium or phosphate regulation. A preferred compound is a biologically active form of vitamin D, a precursor, metabolite, or analog of vitamin D. A preferred form of vitamin D is calcitriol. In another embodiment, the compound is a compound that acts by modulating the biological activity of vitamin D, a precursor, metabolite, or analog of vitamin D. For example, the compound may modulate the biological activity of the vitamin D compound by regulating the amount of the vitamin D compound which is available to protect against neuron loss or it may act by altering the abili ty of the vitamin D compound to protect against neuron loss. In an alternative embodiment, the compound is a compound that protects against neuron loss through a mechanism similar to that of the vitamin D compound but not involving a vitamin D receptor. The compound is administeredto a subject in an amount and over a period of time effective to protect against neuron loss.
Teratogenic Effects 

Reproduction studies performed in mice, rabbits, and rats treated during the appropriate period of gestation at doses up to 50 mg/kg/day have revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus due to metolazone. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, metolazone tablets should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Metolazone crosses the placental barrier and appears in cord blood.

  


Non-Teratogenic Effects

The use of metolazone tablets in pregnant women requires that the anticipated benefit be weighed against possible hazards to the fetus. These hazards include fetal or neonatal jaundice, thrombocytopenia, and possibly other adverse reactions which have occurred in the adult. It is not known what effect the use of the drug during pregnancy has on the later growth, development, and functional maturation of the child. No such effects have been reported with metolazone.
After induction of anesthesia, pediatric SomaSensor for INVOS 5100C is attached at calf muscle and non-invasive blood pressure cuff is applied to ipsilateral thigh. VOT is performed as: after baseline oxygen saturation value is recorded, cuff pressure is rapidly increased to 30 mmHg over than systolic blood pressure. After 3 minutes of ischemic time, cuff pressure is rapidly decreased. It is performed at 3 time periods : before start of operation, during cardiopulmonary bypass, and after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. Postoperative outcome variables are recorded after surgery : major adverse event, use of inotropic and vasoactive drugs, duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay. The relationship between the results of VOT and postoperative outcome will be investigated.
The invention provides an amphiphilic block copolymer and a preparation method thereof and application of thereof to treatment of cancer disease. The amphiphilic block copolymer comprises an amphiphilic chain segment and a hydrophobic chain segment. The amphiphilic chain segment is polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 100-6000 or methoxy polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 300-6000, and the hydrophobic chain segment is polylactide with a molecular weight of 200-6000. The hydrophobic chain segment undergoes end capping through 6-methoxycarbonyl amino-2-t-butyloxycarboryl aminocaproic acid, and the weight ratio of polyethylene glycol or methoxy polyethylene glycol to polylactide is (0.1-30):1. The amphiphilic block copolymer can be made into a drug-loading system together with antitumor drugs and pharmaceutically acceptable accessories. The application of the block copolymer to preparation of cancer therapeutic drugs is further provided.
1. A multilayer-coated powder comprising a base particle having a specific gravity of 0.1 to 5.5 and having thereon plural coating layers which are different from each other in refractive index, wherein basic particles are resin, aluminum, inorganic metal compound which is different from metal. 2. The multilayer-coated powder according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the coating layers is an inorganic metal compound layer. 3. The multilayer-coated powder according to claim 2, wherein the inorganic metal compound layer is a metal oxide film layer. 4. The multilayer-coated powder according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the coating layers is a metal layer or an alloy layer. 5. The multilayer-coated powder according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the coating layers is an organic layer. 6. The multilayer-coated powder according to claim 1, wherein the base particle is a spherical or pulverized particle. 7. The multilayer-coated powder according to claim 3, wherein at least one layer of the metal oxide films is formed by hydrolysis of a metal alkoxide. 8. The multilayer-coated powder according to claim 3, wherein at least one layer of the metal oxide films is formed by a reaction of the aqueous solution of a metal salt. 9. The multilayer-coated powder according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of each unit of the coating layer is determined by fixing a fundamental film thickness thereof which satisfies the following equation (1):   N x d = m x lambda 4        (1)   wherein N represents a complex refractive index, d represents the fundamental film thickness, m represents an integer (natural number), and .lambda. represents the wavelength at which the interference reflection peak or interference transmission peak appears, and N is defined by the following equation (2):   N = n + iK         (2)   wherein n represents the refractive index of each unit coating layer, i represents complex number, and K represents extinction coefficient, and correcting the actual thickness of the each unit of the coating layers based on the function of the phase shift caused by the extinction coefficient K of refractive index, the phase shift occurring at film interfaces, and the peak shift attributable to refractive index dispersion and particle shape so that the each unit of the coating layers has an interference reflection peak or an interference transmission bottom at the same specific wavelength. 10. A pigment powder, comprising the multilayer-coated powder according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 11. A material for a cosmetic, comprising the multilayer-coated powder according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Treatment-related mortality and recurrence of disease account for the majority of treatment failures in allogeneic transplantation for advanced hematologic malignancies. The most commonly utilized conditioning regimens consist of cyclophosphamide and total-body irradiation or busulfan and cyclophosphamide. Other agents such as etoposide or thiotepa are sometimes added to maximize the antileukemic effect. New conditioning regimens are however still needed to maximize efficacy and limit treatment-related deaths. Over the past several years, the investigators have evaluated several new conditioning regimens that incorporate fludarabine, a novel immunosuppressant that has limited toxicity and that has synergistic activity with alkylating agents. Recent data have suggested that fludarabine may be used in combination with standard doses of oral or IV busulfan, thus reducing the toxicity previously observed with cyclophosphamide/ busulfan regimens.
PURPOSE: To obtain the subject inhibitor containing a specific active ingredient, strongly suppressing chemotaxis caused by a chemokine such as monocyte migration factor MCP-1/MCAF, etc., and/or migration of smooth muscle cell of blood vessel. CONSTITUTION: This chemotactic inhibitor comprises a 7-thiaprostaglandin as a compound of formula I [R1 is H, a nonsubstituted phenyl, etc.; R2 is H or CH3 ; R3 is a straight-chain or branched chain 1-5C alkyl substituted with a (substituted) aromatic group, etc.], its enantiomer or its mixture as an active ingredient. The objective inhibitor is obtained by reacting a compound of formula II [R4 is a tri(1-7C hydrocarbon) silyl or a group to form an acetal bond with an oxygen atom of OH; M is Li or a tri(1-6C hydrocarbon) stannyl] with an organocopper compound prepared from a CuQ (Q is a halogen, cyano, etc.) and a compound of formula III (R5 is R4 ) in the first place, then with a compound of the formula (R6 CO)2 O [R6 is a 1-10C straight-chain or branched alkyl, phenyl, etc.] and adding the prepared compound of formula I to a carrier.
Subjects in this parallel arm will be assigned to 13 weeks on THC/CBD oral solution. Frequency of drug administration is 3-4 times a day.