anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one deadly subtype of stroke with high morbidity and mortality. Oxidative stress and inflammation are major factors contributing to blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, which induces perihematoma edema and exacerbates ICH-induced secondary brain injury. SYN1 is a crucial neuronal phosphoprotein that plays a pivotal role in neuronal development. Our study was devised to clarify the function of SYN1 in hemin-induced cell injury in PC12 cells and brain injury in ICH rat models.
METHODS: For in vitro assay, PC12 cells were first stimulated by 150 µM hemin for 4 h and then transfected with si-SYN1 and pcDNA3.1-SP1. Cell viability was tested through lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and CCK-8 assays. Cell apoptosis was observed through TUNEL staining. Inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) were evaluated through western blotting. Oxidative markers (GSH, MDA, and SOD) were detected by adopting commercial kits. The binding sites of SP1 on the SYN1 promoter were predicted by using the JASPAR database and were validated through performing CHIP and luciferase reporter assays. SP1 and SYN1 expression in PC12 cells was investigated by RT-qPCR. For in vivo assay, rats were administrated intracerebroventricularly with si-SYN1 at 72 h before ICH induction. SYN1 and SP1 expression in ICH rats was assessed by RT-qPCR. Neurological deficits, brain edema, and BBB disruption at 24 h following ICH were assessed by conducting neurobehavioral tests, brain water content examination, and Evans blue extravasation assay.
RESULTS: In vitro, hemin stimulation elevated SYN1 expression, attenuated cell viability, enhanced apoptosis, and induced inflammation and oxidative stress in PC12 cells, which were offset by SYN1 knockdown. SP1 bound to the SYN1 promoter region and positively regulated SYN1 expression. Overexpressing SP1 antagonized the impacts of SYN1 downregulation on hemin-induced damage in PC12 cells. In vivo, SYN1 and SP1 expression was upregulated in ICH rat models. Administration of si-SYN1 effectually improved neurological function, attenuated brain edema, and ameliorated BBB disruption following ICH.
CONCLUSION: SP1-mediated SYN1 probably participates in the process of neuronal damage, BBB disruption, and brain injury following ICH.
YJP-14 50 mg t.i.d. YJP-14 is a 50% ethanolic extract of Lindera obtusiloba stems.
This is the first UK genome wide association study investigating potential links between Video Image Analysis (VIA) carcass traits and molecular polymorphisms in crossbred sheep. Phenotypic and genotypic data were collected from two crossbred lamb populations: Texel x Scotch Mule (TxSM, n = 2330) and Texel x Lleyn (TxL, n = 3816). Traits measured included live weights at birth, eight weeks and weaning (∼15 weeks). VIA-predicted traits included total weights and weights of fat, muscle and bone in the whole carcass and primal (hind leg, saddle, shoulder) regions. Within-breed heritabilities estimated for the VIA traits ranged from 0.01 to 0.70, indicating potential for inclusion of some traits in breeding programmes. The two crossbred populations differed in SNPs associated with different traits. Two SNPs on chromosomes two (s74618.1) and eight (s68536.1), respectively, reached genome-wise significance for TxSM, explaining <1% of trait variance, for whole carcass fat and muscle weights, hind leg and saddle fat weights and shoulder bone weights. For TxL, four SNPs reached genome-wise significance, on chromosome two for hind leg muscle weight (OAR2_117,959,202 and OAR2_11804335), on chromosome 10 for whole carcass bone weight (OAR19_8,995,957.1), and on chromosome 19 for weaning weight (s40847.1), each explaining <1% of trait genetic variation. Differences in apparent genetic control of carcass traits may be influenced by the lambs' cross-breed, but also by management decisions affecting environmental variance and trait definitions, which should be understood in order to define protocols for incorporation of carcass traits into (cross)breeding programmes. IMPLICATIONS: Combining VIA-measured carcass traits with conventional production traits in a breeding programme could potentially improve the production and product quality of meat sheep. Phenotypes for VIA traits could be collected relatively easily if VIA machines were present at all abattoir sites. The current study and future Genome Wide Association Studies may help to identify potentially informative molecular markers, that explain large proportions of the genetic variance observed in VIA-measured carcass traits. Including this information in the estimation of breeding values could increase the accuracy of prediction, increasing the potential rate of genetic improvement for product quality. This study confirms the polygenic architecture of the investigated carcass traits, with a small number of molecular markers that each explain a small amount of genetic variation. Further studies across breed types are recommended to further test and validate molecular markers for traits related to lamb carcass quality, as measured by video image analysis.
PURPOSE: The prevalence of obesity is an escalating concern in modern populations, predominantly attributed to the widespread adoption of sedentary lifestyles observed globally. Extensive research has established a significant association between obesity and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Nonetheless, a comprehensive assessment of the global prevalence of H. pylori among individuals with obesity remains undetermined.
METHODS: A systematic search strategy was applied to PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The resulting records were screened using the Rayyan online tool for the management of systematic reviews. Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation was used. Subgroup analyses (continent, regional classifications, developmental status, religion, global hemisphere, income, access to international waters, and H. pylori eradication) and multivariate meta-regression (latitude, longitude, male-to-all ratio, mean age, and body mass index) were done to estimate the effects of the moderators. Risk of bias assessment was done using JBI checklist for prevalence studies.
RESULTS: A total of 472,511 individuals with obesity from 208 studies were included. The global estimation of H. pylori prevalence among individuals with obesity was 32.3% (95% CI 26.9%, 38.0%). South America had the highest prevalence. Based on the different classifications of countries, resource-rich, low-/middle-income, developing, and Islamic countries had the highest prevalence. Lower pooled prevalence was observed in the studies with adequate sample sizes (n ≥ 270).
CONCLUSION: The findings have the potential to influence future health policies for preventing and treating H. pylori infection. However, there is variability among the included studies, indicating the need for more population-based research.
INTRODUCTION: Fever treatment is commonly applied in patients with sepsis but its impact on survival remains undetermined. Patients with respiratory and haemodynamic failure are at the highest risk for not tolerating the metabolic cost of fever. However, fever can help to control infection. Treating fever with paracetamol has been shown to be less effective than cooling. In the SEPSISCOOL pilot study, active fever control by external cooling improved organ failure recovery and early survival. The main objective of this confirmatory trial is to assess whether fever control at normothermia can improve the evolution of organ failure and mortality at day 60 of febrile patients with septic shock. This study will compare two strategies within the first 48 hours of septic shock: treatment of fever with cooling or no treatment of fever.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: SEPSISCOOL II is a pragmatic, investigator-initiated, adaptive, multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled, superiority trial in patients admitted to the intensive care unit with febrile septic shock. After stratification based on the acute respiratory distress syndrome status, patients will be randomised between two arms: (1) cooling and (2) no cooling. The primary endpoint is mortality at day 60 after randomisation. The secondary endpoints include the evolution of organ failure, early mortality and tolerance. The target sample size is 820 patients.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study is funded by the French health ministry and was approved by the ethics committee CPP Nord Ouest II (Amiens, France). The results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04494074.
BACKGROUND: Weight regain and inadequate weight loss are common after bariatric surgery. Literature is emerging regarding the use of pharmacotherapy with bariatric surgery as a potential solution to these adverse effects. Pharmacotherapy may be used before (neoadjuvant) or after (adjuvant) bariatric surgery, although this terminology has not been standardized. As a rapidly growing area of research, there is opportunity to standardize terminology for future ease of research, data synthesis, and communication. This review aimed to comprehensively evaluate the use of the terms "adjuvant" and "neoadjuvant" to describe pharmacotherapy used in combination with bariatric surgery and propose standardized terminology for future research.
METHODS: Literature search was conducted systematically and in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies were included if they were published after 1999; were randomized controlled trials, prospective/retrospective cohort studies, or case series; and used human subjects that were adults at least 18 years of age. The use of the terms "neoadjuvant" and "adjuvant" was analyzed over time.
RESULTS: Thirty-four publications were included. Thirty-two (94.1%) studied the use of adjuvant pharmacotherapy after bariatric surgery. Four (11.8%) studied the use of pharmacotherapy before bariatric surgery, and 1 used the term "neoadjuvant" to describe medications used before bariatric surgery. Eight publications used the term "adjuvant" to describe medications used after bariatric surgery.
CONCLUSION: Standardized terminology is needed to ease future understanding, evidence synthesis, and dissemination of work. We propose that the terms "neoadjuvant" and "adjuvant" become the standard terminology to describe pharmacotherapy use before and after bariatric surgery, respectively.
Applied once daily for 7 days to both axilla (1.5 mL to each axilla). All study participants are randomized to each of the 4 study treatments.
Sepsis is a heterogeneous syndrome resulting from a dysregulated host response to infection. It is considered as a global major health priority. Sepsis is characterized by significant metabolic perturbations, leading to increased circulating metabolites such as lactate. In mammals, pyruvate is the primary substrate for lactate production. It plays a critical role in metabolism by linking glycolysis, where it is produced, with the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation pathway, where it is oxidized. Here, we provide an overview of all cytosolic and mitochondrial enzymes involved in pyruvate metabolism and how their activities are disrupted in sepsis. Based on the available data, we also discuss potential therapeutic strategies targeting these pyruvate-related enzymes leading to enhanced survival.
On a non-dialysis day, participants are given a single 250 mg dose of DS-2330b PIB \[Treatment A1\] right after breakfast. At least 3 days will be allowed to let the first dose wash out. Then on a non-dialysis day the participants are given a single 250 mg dose of DS-2330b in tablet form \[Treatment A2\] right after breakfast.
Patients with allograft dysfunction from prior episodes of acute cellular or antibody mediated rejection will undergo stress cardiac MRI with regadenoson in addition to performing late gadolinium enhancement and obtaining mean segmental T1 values of the heart. Peripheral blood and endomycardial biopsies will also be obtained for single cell RNAseq analyses.
The experimental group will receive the Personalised citizen assistance for social participation (APIC), i.e. weekly 3-hour personalised stimulation sessions by a trained volunteer over 12 months. Sessions will encourage empowerment, gradual mobilisation of personal and environmental resources, and community integration.
Participants will receive acupuncture treatment for chronic pain. After acupuncture needles have been inserted, participants will listen to a 15-minute mindfulness recording followed by music for 30 minutes. Acupuncture needles will then be removed.
Determination of the manner and cause of death from skeletal remains is almost always very difficult and can be a challenge for medical examiners. At the end also on skeletal remains, it is possible to assess mechanical, chemical, and thermal injuries, although it can be usually impossible. Possibilities to analyze biological material for the presence of drugs are also limited. The present study describes a case of a homeless man's skeletal remains on which a large number of fly larvae were found. Unusually high concentration of tramadol (TML) in the bone marrow (BM) = 4530 ng/g, muscle (M) = 4020 ng/g, and fly larvae (FL) = 280 ng/g was detected using a validated GC/MS method. In all analyzed samples, caffeine and N-desmethyltramadol (except BM) were qualitatively determined. Autopsy findings and toxicological analyses of the BM suggested that the cause of death could probably be intoxication by TML. It is apparent from the reviewed literature that analysis of TML in the late stages of decomposition of human body is rarely performed. Literature is predominantly focused on animal studies. Thus, TML concentrations analyzed in BM, M, or FL could be found helpful in relation to evaluation of intoxication by this substance. However, the significance of the results obtained in the presented study should be confirmed by further analyses of BM, M, or FL, where TML would be proved in lethal concentration in the blood.
Lorlatinib will be given orally once daily continuously for 28 days at the RP2D defined by cohort A1. This cohort will not begin enrollment until the recommended phase 2 dose is established from the dose escalation cohort A1.
Patients will receive the symbiotic product LactoFos twice a day during seven days after surgical treatment. The intervention consists of giving twice a day a sachet of 6g of symbiotic diluted in 20mL of water via nasoenteric tube for seven days, totaling the administration of 14 sachets per intervention.
The present disclosure is directed toward global medical data analysis methods, systems, and computer program products for analyzing, classifying, and matching mass amounts of medical information from many sources and across different regions. The global medical data analysis system includes a medical main server that contains an intelligent medical engine, which is communicatively coupled to a central database, a confidential electronic medical records database, and further communicatively coupled through a network to hospitals, clinics, and other medical sources. The intelligent medical engine receives voluminous medical record, potentially from different countries, regions, and continents. Electronic Medical records are sourced from hospitals, clinics, and other medical sources, which are fed into the intelligent medical engine for large-scale analysis and correlation of patients' medical records globally. The analysis starts by degrouping (classifying) medical records into multiple levels of subgroups according to patient clinical parameters, disease templates, treatments and outcomes. When a new patient enters the system, that patient's parameters and disease template are matched against the closest subgroups to suggest treatments with potentially favorable outcomes.
Indazole-derivatives as factor Xa inhibitors. The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (I), wherein R<0>, R<1>, R<2>, R<3>, Q, V, G and M have the meanings indicated in the claims. The compounds of the formula (I) are valuable pharmacologically active compounds. They exhibit a strong antithrombotic effect and are suitable, for example, for the therapy and prophylaxis of cardiovascular disorders like thromboembolic diseases or restenoses. They are reversible inhibitors of the blood clotting enzymes factor Xa (FXa) and/or factor VIIa (FVIIa), and can in general be applied in conditions in which an undesired activity of factor Xa and/or factor VIIa is present or for the cure or prevention of which an inhibition of factor Xa and/or factor VIIa is intended. The invention furthermore relates to processes for the preparation of compounds of the formula (I), their use, in particular as active ingredients in pharmaceuticals, and pharmaceutical preparations comprising them.
BACKGROUND: Currently data on the risk of progression to and lifetime risk of cancer are not available for patients with young onset Barrett's esophagus (BE). Our aim was to obtain epidemiologic data on the incidence of dysplasia or adenocarcinoma in young onset BE in the Netherlands by collecting data on all histologically confirmed cases over a prolonged period of 25 years between January 1, 1991 and December 31, 2015.
METHODS: Data were obtained from the Dutch National Pathology Registry. Patients were included if there was a suspicion of BE visualized in the esophagus during the endoscopic examination in combination with a concordant histologic diagnosis of intestinal metaplasia.
RESULTS: 231 patients with early onset BE were identified (median age 26 years [range 0-29 years]), with 17 progressing to dysplasia (6 prevalent and 11 incident). For the patients with incident dysplasia, the median surveillance time between the diagnosis of early onset BE and diagnosis of dysplasia was 5 years (range 0-16 years). The incidence rate of dysplasia was 7.3 per 1000 person-years. There were three patients who developed adenocarcinoma (1 prevalent and 2 incident), who were diagnosed at ages 28, 35, and 36 years. The incidence rate of adenocarcinoma was 1.3 per 1000 person-years.
CONCLUSIONS: In this 25-year period, 231 patients were diagnosed with early onset BE in the Netherlands, with 17 patients progressing to dysplasia and three developing adenocarcinoma. This corresponded to incidence rates of 7.3 per 1000 person-years for dysplasia and 1.3 per 1000 person-years for adenocarcinoma.
Sleep problems are very common in individuals with a mental disorder. Given the abundant evidence indicating the negative impact of disturbed sleep on mental health outcome, insight into the prevalence of all types of sleep disorders in specific mental disorders and neurodevelopmental conditions is of practical importance. Therefore, we estimated the prevalence of six types of sleep disorders with the Holland Sleep Disorders Questionnaire in an overall mental health sample (n = 1082) and separately for different mental and neurodevelopmental conditions. Furthermore, associations between specific sleep disorders, psychopathology and well-being were studied. The impact of the total number of sleep disorders on these associations was examined. Overall, 46.2% of all participants scored above the cut-off for having a sleep disorder. Specifically, 26.8% scored on insomnia, 12.1% on sleep breathing disorders, 9.7% on hypersomnia, 13.7% on circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, 11.2% on parasomnia, and 17.9% on sleep-related movement disorders. Most sleep disorders were associated with greater severity of psychopathology and lower well-being. These associations got stronger with an increasing number of sleep disorders. Our study revealed higher suspected prevalence of most sleep disorders in a mental disorder sample compared to the general population. Moreover, the presence of sleep disorder(s) was strongly associated with symptom severity and reduced well-being. These findings extend the notion that early detection and treatment of sleep disorders in mental health populations is essential for psychiatric outcome.
Participants will receive Treatment E (600 mg JNJ-63623872 formulated as the 300 mg oral tablet \[reference\] under fasted conditions) in Period 1; followed by Treatment F (600 mg JNJ-63623872 formulated as the 600 mg oral concept formulation #1, #2 or #3 \[test 4\] under fasted conditions) in Period 2; followed by Treatment G (600 mg JNJ-63623872 formulated as the 600 mg oral concept formulation #1, #2 or #3 \[test 5\] under fed conditions) in Period 3. A washout period of 7 days will be maintained between each treatment period.
Systems and methods for conducting automated synthetic interactions with a user, such as a patient at home following a medical procedure. A digital coach having a processor and memory initiates a session with a user's interactive device, and presents pre-recorded scripts as video and/or audio through the interactive device. The user's responses are received by the digital coach through the interactive device. Peripheral devices, such as medical devices, may be used by the user or controlled by the digital coach to obtain data measurements regarding the physiological condition of the user. The processor of the digital coach analyzes the data from the user responses and devices, and semantically interprets the responses and data to determine the next action and script to present the user in the session. The digital coach provides a conversational, dynamic, adaptive session with a user based on semantically expanded interpretations of data by the processor.
Abnormal liver enzymes are frequently seen in those with HIV. Although many of these individuals are co-infected with HBV or HCV, histology in HIV patients with abnormal liver enzymes in the absence of viral hepatitis has not been explored. HAART has significantly improved the survival in those living with HIV. However, components of HAART, particularly protease inhibitors (PIs) and certain nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), are frequently associated with metabolic abnormalities including insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemias, fat redistribution and lipodystrophy (LD). Both IR and dyslipidemia are pathogenic mechanisms associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) which often present as asymptomatic liver enzyme elevations. Because NASH is now recognized as a significant cause of cirrhosis with associated morbidity and mortality, its recognition as a long term complication of HAART is important to the management of those living with HIV. In our HIV population without HCV or HBV, there is a higher prevalence of abnormal liver enzymes (AST 21%, ALT 16%, ALP 43%) compared to the general population (ALT 8%) and is independently associated with PI use. The relationship of liver enzyme abnormalities to IR, dyslipidemias, and the development hepatic steatosis/NASH in HIV patients is unknown. We hypothesize that Liver enzyme abnormalities in HIV positive patients without viral hepatitis co-infections on HAART are due to hepatic steatosis related to PI use and that a subset of these individuals has NASH. The Specific Aims focus on HIV positive patients with abnormal liver enzymes in the absence of viral hepatitis co-infections, diabetes, or alcohol abuse to answer the following three questions: (1) What is the spectrum of NAFLD?; (2) How does the spectrum compare in those that are on a PI compare to those that are not; and (3) What are the independent predictive factors associated with hepatic steatosis and NASH? These studies will (1) provide novel data on the histology of HIV infected patients with abnormal liver enzymes in the absence of viral coinfections and their relationship to IR, LD, dyslipidemias, and HAART use and (2) provide the necessary pilot data for a multicenter R0-1 grant to study the long-term impact of HAART on the development of steatohepatitis and subsequent hepatic fibrosis.