anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Obesity poses a public health threat, reaching epidemic proportions. Our hypothesis suggests that some of this epidemic stems from its transmission across generations via paternal epigenetic mechanisms. To investigate this possibility, we focused on examining the paternal transmission of CpG methylation. First-generation male Wistar rats were fed either a high-fat diet (HF) or chow and were mated with females fed chow. We collected sperm from these males. The resulting offspring were raised on a chow diet until day 35, after which they underwent a dietary challenge. Diet-induced obese (DIO) male rats passed on the obesogenic trait to both male and female offspring. We observed significant hypermethylation of the Pomc promoter in the sperm of HF-treated males and in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc) of their offspring at weaning. However, these differences in Arc methylation decreased later in life. This hypermethylation is correlated with increased expression of DNMT3B. Further investigating genes in the Arc that might be involved in obesogenic transgenerational transmission, using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) we identified 77 differentially methylated regions (DMRs), highlighting pathways associated with neuronal development. These findings support paternal CpG methylation as a mechanism for transmitting obesogenic traits across generations.
A method of visualization during orthopaedic surgery. The method includes the step of a pre-operative planning step comprising displaying an initial three-dimensional image depicting anatomical features of a patient's bone. The image is retrieved by undertaking imaging or scanning of the patient's bone. The image is processed using a processor operable to carry out one or more image processing steps to generate a modified three-dimensional image. A mixed reality visualization device receives the modified three-dimensional image. The method also includes the step of displaying the modified three-dimensional image, via the mixed reality visualization device, and overlaying the modified three-dimensional image on or adjacent the anatomical features of the patient's bone to provide a visual guide to a surgeon while conducting surgery.
Introduction: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and social determinants of health (SDoH) are associated with increased incidence of pediatric obesity. Recent literature highlights an imperative need to assess ACEs and SDoH among youth and families with obesity to identify those individuals requiring targeted interventions. The primary objective of the present study was to examine the frequency, methodology, and barriers in evaluation of ACEs and SDoH within pediatric weight management programs (PWMPs). Methods: Invitations were e-mailed to a comprehensive directory of 92 PWMPs in the United States with a link to complete an electronic survey. Results: Forty-one PWMPs from 26 states completed the survey. Assessment of one or more ACEs and SDoH was common and typically took place during the initial patient visit by the psychologist or medical practitioner through unstructured conversations. Reported barriers to assessment included lack of time to assess and to follow-up, lack of clinic protocols, and inadequate referral resources. Programs offering bariatric surgery and those with embedded mental health clinicians reported fewer barriers to ACEs/SDoH referral resources, while family-based and healthy lifestyle-focused programs perceived more barriers related to insufficient support staff and time to follow-up with families. Conclusions: Most PWMPs assess a subset of ACEs and SDoH; however, approaches to assessment vary, are often unstructured, and several barriers remain to optimizing assessment and follow-up. Future research should evaluate standardized ACEs/SDoH assessment protocols, ideal workflow, and their impact on obesity treatment and related health outcomes.
The present invention relates to a method for assisting to read a pathology image and an apparatus using the same. According to the present invention, the method for assisting to read a pathology image comprises the following steps. A computing device obtains a pathology image which is a target for reading. An image which is similar to a part or all parts of the pathology image is searched in order to classify inputted images into a plurality of pathological classes based on a previously trained deep neural network. The search reflects predetermined biases for a biased search with respect to at least one specific class. The similar image is provided to an external entity.
The retrieval of medical data from a database through easy operations without displaying components for retrieval operations on a display screen is realized. The present invention is a medical image processing apparatus comprising a data memory, a display, a position-designating part, a data-list-display controller, and a keyword-generating part. The data memory stores medical data associated with attributes data including patient identification information. The position-designating part designates a position on the display. The data-list-display controller causes the display to display a data list presenting the attributes data in a list. The keyword-generating part generates a retrieval key based on the attributes data in the data list corresponding to the position designated by the position-designating part. Moreover, the data-list-display controller updates the data list based on the results retrieved by the retrieval key.
The effects of aging on the organism manifest in various ways, including profound and complex changes in functioning patterns, responses to stimuli, and regenerative capacity. Nevertheless, it is remarkable that some elderly individuals maintain their health and functionality despite advanced age, showing resilience to environmental adversities, such as SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, we examined a unique cohort of 100 individuals older than 90 years, including centenarians, who recovered from COVID-19 before the availability of vaccines in Brazil. We performed whole-exome analyses and identified incidental findings in four participants. These findings included pathogenic variants associated with serious conditions, such as cancer predisposition and cardiovascular diseases. Specifically, variants were found in the RYR1, DSP, BRCA2, BRCA1, and TTN genes. Also, other two individuals were homozygous for rare variants in the TYK2 gene, related to primary immunodeficiencies. The significance of these findings is underscored by the fact that, despite carrying these rare variants, these individuals surpassed 90 years of age and survived the COVID-19 pandemic. This suggests the presence of genetic protective factors that contribute to longevity and resilience. Therefore, this study provides new insights into interpreting incidental findings in long-lived populations and raises important questions for clinical practice and the genetics of longevity.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the ignitability of an incense stick by sandwiching an ignition auxiliary comprising a small piece of paper or cloth having the ignitability enhanced according to a specific means or further enhancing the ignitability of the tip of the incense stick by the same means and simultaneously using the ignition auxiliary. SOLUTION: An ignition auxiliary 1 good in ignitability is obtained by soaking an oil and fat such as paraffin thereinto and enhancing the ignition power and ignition persistence. The resultant ignition auxiliary 1 is sandwiched between incense sticks in a large number for use. Otherwise, the tip 4 of each incense stick 3 is soaked with the oil and fat such as the paraffin to improve the ignitability. The ignition auxiliary 1 is sandwiched between the prepared incense stick 3 for use. Since ignition power and persistence thereof are strong, the size required for the ignition can be compacted and the shape can freely be changed. Thereby, the ignition auxiliary is extremely readily handleable. Since the size of the ignition auxiliary is small, cinders hardly remain.
Transitions of Care (TOC) for high-risk, frequently hospitalized adults with chronic diseases are complex, costly, and vulnerable to safety threats and poor health outcomes. Communication breakdowns, information lapses, and IT-induced unintended consequences can result in poor follow-up and medication non-adherence, both of which contribute to preventable readmissions or emergency room (ER) visits. The Transitional Care Model (TCM) aims to reduce such risks through a holistic, collaborative, patient-centered approach with in-home interventions. Prior to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, most in- home interventions relied on in-person visits, which can be cost-prohibitive and unsustainable. One potential sustainable and scalable solution is to use telehealth for in-home virtual visits; however, use of telehealth for post-discharge TOC interventions has not been routinely implemented. In the post-COVID-19 era, given the rapid expansion of telehealth, hospitals are well-positioned to initiate this virtual care. In-home virtual visits may be particularly promising for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), who are often hospitalized, have multiple comorbidities, and require intensive medication teaching due to rampant inhaler misuse. COPD affects more than 16 million US adults, many of whom are older, contribute \~$50 billion to healthcare costs annually, experience high rates of acute care revisits, often due to care coordination failures. For this reason, Medicare's Hospital Readmission Reduction Program (HRRP) aims to incentivize hospitals to implement TOC programs for increased quality and value of care for COPD patients. However, currently, such programs fall short of aligning with the full TCM. In-home interventions may be particularly salient for improving medication skills and outcomes for patients with COPD given rampant inhaler misuses, the effectiveness of in- hospital inhaler education, and evidence showing the need for inhaler education reinforcement post discharge. Thus, our trans-disciplinary team proposes to implement and evaluate "TELE-TOC: Telehealth Education: Leveraging Electronic Transitions Of Care for COPD patients," which seeks to integrate virtual, pharmacy-based, in-home visits for COPD patients within our hospital's existing COPD HRRP. The central hypotheses are that virtual visits with pharmacists will be feasible to implement and will result in improved medication use and outcomes among COPD patients at high risk for readmission. The investigator aims to iteratively design TELE-TOC using participatory study design and stakeholder input. The study team will then test the effectiveness of adding TELE-TOC virtual visits in a randomized controlled trial among COPD patients enrolled in the HRRP program. Lastly, the study team will develop a plan for a dissemination strategy and roadmap with national stakeholders to facilitate wide scale adoption of TELE-TOC nation wide.
The invention provides a saussurea involucrata culture extract and a novel purpose thereof. The saussurea involucrata culture extract is used for treating dysmenorrheal, and provides a good curative effect and a high recovery rate. With the extract, obvious toxic or side-effect is not found. The saussurea involucrata culture has functions of kidney warming, yang activating, wind expelling, dampness eliminating, menstruation regulating, and blood flow promoting. The saussurea involucrata culture can be used for treating diseases such as wind-damp-cold arthralgia, rheumatoid arthritis, hypogastrium crymodynia, and menoxenia. According to the saussurea involucrata culture extract, alcohol extraction, condensation, and spray-drying methods are adopted, such that saussurea involucrate flavone and saussurea involucrate polysaccharides with relatively high purities are obtained. Clinical observation results show that, the saussurea involucrata culture extract has certain curative effect against idiopathic dysmenorrheal, and the purpose is valuable for clinical reference and popularization.
Patients with ulcerative colitis undergoing endoscopy and biopsies-collection according to the standard of care. First diagnosis for UC, treatment naive patients (≥18 and \<40 years), with no previously documented gastrointestinal infections. Furthermore, clinical and endoscopic evaluation (Mayo score≥2).
Participants will receive access to a 6-month online DSMES program that includes several components that are standard to DSMES. Participants receive online curriculum, access to a live Certified Diabetes Care and Education Specialist (CDCES), interactive group message forums, and connected devices for monitoring food intake, weight, physical activity and glucose levels.
Medications for obesity have been studied in various populations over the past three decades. We aimed to quantify the baseline demographic characteristics of BMI, sex, age, and race in randomised clinical trials (RCTs) across three decades to establish whether the population studied is representative of the global population affected by the disease. Clinical trials of 12 medications for obesity (ie, orlistat, naltrexone-bupropion, topiramate-phentermine, liraglutide, semaglutide, lorcaserin, sibutramine, rimonabant, taranabant, tirzepatide, retatrutide, and orforglipron) published from Jan 20, 1999, to Nov 12, 2023, were assessed through a systematic review for methodological quality and baseline demographic characteristics. 246 RCTs were included, involving 139 566 participants with or without type 2 diabetes. Most trials over-recruited White, female participants aged 40 years or older with class 1 (30·0-34·9 kg/m2) and class 2 (35·0-39·9 kg/m2) obesity; older participants, those with class 3 (≥40·0 kg/m2) obesity, non-White participants, and male participants were under-recruited. Our systematic review suggests that future trials need to recruit traditionally under-represented populations to allow for accurate measures of efficacy of medications for obesity, enabling more informed decisions by clinicians. It is also hoped that these data will help to refine trial recruitment strategies to ensure that future studies are relevant to the population affected by obesity.
A system for improving personalized care at an urgent care unit by creating a high-level of quality service includes a special care unit in the urgent care unit and a team trained to provide high quality customer care and thereby invoke patient loyalty to the urgent care unit. The urgent care unit has a contract with an association that enables association members to become qualified patients. Qualified patients are provided an indicator to allow the team to accept the qualified patient for treatment. The qualified patients use an interface to request to request a time, the time is confirmed, and an examination ensues within thirty minutes of the time. The team member makes an evaluation to determine whether the patient stays or is transferred to the emergency department. A treatment is devised based on the evaluation.
Belonging to the technical field of biomedicine, the invention specifically relates to an in-vivo phase transition tumor targeted nanobubble, its preparation method and application. The nanobubble takes a polyphosphate-polyester copolymer of a coupling tumor targeting factor as a coating material, adopts perfluoropentane able to undergo liquid-gas phase transition in vivo as a bubble core filling material, and is prepared by a pre-multiple emulsion-hollow membrane tube emulsification method. When the nanobubble enters the body, the liquid perfluoropentane undergoes liquid-gas phase transition at body temperature to form a gas-containing nanobubble. By means of the specific combination of a targeting factor and a tumor cell, the nanobubble can concentrate a tumor focus part, thus improving the tumor focus ultrasonic imaging effect. The nanobubble can be loaded with an MRI contrast agent to improve the tumor focus MRI imaging effect. The nanobubble can also be loaded with an antitumor drug and used for targeted treatment of tumors, thus being a novel diagnosis-treatment integrated multifunctional imageological nano-contrast agent.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a mixed glucosamine salt stable in a surrounding temperature and humidity and useful for a treatment of arthritis and arthrosis by reacting glucosamine hydrochloric acid salt with an alkali(ne earth) metal sulfate in an aqueous solvent and further adding a liquid precipitant miscible with water thereto. SOLUTION: A metal sulfate of a metal such as Na, K, Ca and Mg is dissolved in 4.5-6.5 pts.wt. distilled water based on 1 pt.wt. metal sulfate under stirring, and a theoretical amount of glucosamine hydrochloric acid salt is further dissolved in the obtained solution at <=60 deg.C under stirring. Further, a liquid precipitant miscible with water (e.g. acetone) is added to the resultant solution under stirring to precipitate a stable crystalline form [with the proviso that the solubility of the stable crystalline form is <=0.1% (W/V)] and the crystalline form is recovered after decreasing the temperature of the mixture to complete the precipitation in the method for producing the mixed glucosamine salt.  The objective crystalline form of the glucosamine sulfate of the formula [M is Na, K, Ca or Mg; (x) is 1 when (y)=2; (x) is 2 when (y) is 1] is stable in a surrounding temperature and humidity.
For the experimental cohort, a lap sponge soaked in 3% H2O2 will be applied to the incision and allowed to sit for 3 minutes. Following the 3 minutes, the sponge will be removed, the wound will be flushed with 100 mL of normal saline, and the exposed dermis will be swabbed and sent for culture.
Patients will receive intravenous 0.9% sodium chloride as soon as in the catheterization laboratory. The hydration regimen will be defined according to the hemodynamic conditions and modulated according to the left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP). During the PCI the CM injection will be handled by the DyeVert TM system.
Each study group consists of 12 volunteers randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive poly ICLC or placebo: in group 1, 8 volunteers will be administered poly ICLC and 4 volunteers will be administered placebo, subcutaneously; and in group 2, 8 volunteers will be administered poly ICLC and 4 volunteers will be administered placebo, intranasally. A total of up to 24 volunteers will be enrolled in the study.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activator which is free from the problem of side effects, can be taken over a long period of time and has no characteristic taste.SOLUTION: β-cryptoxanthin is employed as a PPAR activator. β-cryptoxanthin, which is contained in a large amount in the pulp of citrus fruits (in particular, mandarin type citrus fruits) such as satsuma orange, has been taken for a long period of time. Thus, it is free from any problem in safety and has a low calorific value. Therefore, it can be taken over a long period of time. Because of being tasteless and odorless, moreover, β-cryptoxanthin would not damage the characteristic taste when added to a food. Therefore, it can be added to foods and taken.
OBJECTIVE: Scleritis may be idiopathic or caused by trauma, infections, or an immune-mediated disease (IMD). Our study aimed to understand the relationship between scleritis and IMD, including presenting characteristics, serologies, and treatment course. Understanding these associations may allow clinicians to risk-stratify patients and predict their clinical and treatment course.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 341 patients with scleritis seen at a tertiary care center between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2020. Demographics, scleritis characteristics, treatment response, recurrence, and serologic data were compared among patients with idiopathic and IMD-associated scleritis.
RESULTS: Among patients with scleritis seen, 145 patients (43%) had an associated IMD, most commonly rheumatoid arthritis (RA; 39%), vasculitis (21%), or inflammatory bowel disease (14%). In most cases, the IMD diagnosis predated the scleritis presentation (63%), though vasculitis cases were more likely to develop during or after scleritis episodes. There were no significant differences in demographics or treatment failures among patients with scleritis with and without associated IMDs. Patients with IMDs were more likely to have a recurrence of scleritis (62% vs 49%, P = 0.02).
CONCLUSION: At our ophthalmology center, 43% of patients with scleritis had an associated IMD, and most patients with an IMD were symptomatic from this disease prior to scleritis presentation. RA was the most commonly associated condition and typically predated the scleritis, whereas vasculitis was more likely diagnosed during or after the scleritis episode. Scleritis among patients with IMD is more likely to recur compared to scleritis that is idiopathic.
OBJECTIVE: Postoperative length of stay (LOS) significantly contributes to healthcare costs and resource utilization. The primary goal of this study was to identify patient, clinical, surgical, and institutional variables that influence LOS after elective surgery for degenerative conditions of the cervical spine. The secondary objectives were to examine the variability in LOS and institutional practices used to decrease LOS.
METHODS: This was a multicenter observational retrospective cohort study of patients enrolled in the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network (CSORN) between January 2015 and October 2020 who underwent elective anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) (1-3 levels) or posterior cervical fusion (PCF) (between C2 and T2) with/without decompression for degenerative conditions of the cervical spine. Prolonged LOS was defined as LOS greater than the median for the ACDF and PCF populations. The principal investigators at each participating CSORN healthcare institution completed a survey to capture institutional practices implemented to reduce postoperative LOS.
RESULTS: In total, 1228 patients were included (729 ACDF and 499 PCF patients). The median (IQR) LOS for ACDF and PCF were 1.0 (1.0) day and 5.0 (4.0) days, respectively. Predictors of prolonged LOS after ACDF were female sex, myelopathy diagnosis, lower baseline SF-12 mental component summary score, multilevel ACDF, and perioperative adverse events (AEs) (p < 0.05). Predictors of prolonged LOS after PCF were nonsmoking status, education less than high school, lower baseline numeric rating scale score for neck pain and EQ5D score, higher baseline Neck Disability Index score, and perioperative AEs (p < 0.05). Myelopathy did not significantly predict prolonged LOS within the PCF cohort after multivariate analysis. Of the 8 institutions (57.1%) with an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol or standardized protocol, only 3 reported using an ERAS protocol specific to patients undergoing ACDF or PCF.
CONCLUSIONS: Patient and clinical factors predictive of prolonged LOS after ACDF and PCF are highly variable, warranting individual consideration for possible mitigation. Perioperative AEs remained a consistent independent predictor of prolonged LOS in both cohorts, highlighting the importance of preventing intra- and postoperative complications.