anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: As an innovative treatment, stapled transperineal rectovaginal fistula repair (STR) for rectovaginal fistula (RVF) has demonstrated effectiveness in preliminary reports. This study aims to compare STR with rectal mucosal advancement flap repair (RAF), a widely utilized surgical procedure, for the surgical outcome of the low- and mid-level RVF.
METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, patients with low- and mid-level RVF who underwent STR or RAF were included from both the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and Xi'an Daxing Hospital. Among the 99 total patients, 77 underwent STR and 22 underwent RAF. Patient demographics, operative data, and outcomes were collected and analyzed. Recurrence rate and associated risk factors were evaluated.
RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences among patients in terms of clinical characteristics like age, BMI, aetiology, and fistula features. During the follow-up period of 20 months (interquartile range 3.0-41.8 months), a total of 28 patients relapsed, with a significantly lower recurrence rate in the STR group (20.8 %) than in the RAF group (54.6 %) (P = 0.005). In the multivariate Cox analysis, STR was an independent protective factor against recurrence (HR: 0.37, 95%CI: 0.17-0.79, P = 0.01). Logistic regression indicated that there was no statistically significant difference between these two procedures in terms of surgical complications (OR: 0.53, 95%CI: 0.19-1.48, P = 0.23).
CONCLUSION: For low- and mid-level RVF, STR may be an alternative option for treatment modality that offers a lower recurrence rate, without observed disadvantage in terms of surgical complication rates.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a production method of a medical porous body which is made of a high polymer without using a freeze-drying apparatus.  <P>SOLUTION: This production method is that a high polymer solution is produced by dissolving the high polymer which is a material for the medical porous body in a solvent. The high polymer solution is mixed with a material to form holes and poured in a mold with a desired shape to be frozen in a freezing chamber so that a frozen body of the high polymer solution is obtained. Afterwards, an extraction solvent in which the high polymer in the frozen body is hardly or not soluble, and the solvent and the material to form the holes are soluble is used to extract the solvent from the frozen body. Finally, the extraction solvent which is included in the porous body is removed by drying.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review investigates the relationship between myocardial bridges (MBs), intimal thickening in coronary arteries, and Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. It focuses on the role of mechanical forces, such as circumferential strain, in arterial wall remodeling and aims to clarify how MBs affect coronary artery pathology.
REVIEW FINDINGS: MBs have been identified as influential in modulating coronary artery intimal thickness, demonstrating a protective effect against thickening within the MB segment and an increase in thickness proximal to the MB. This is attributed to changes in mechanical stress and hemodynamics. Research involving arterial hypertension models and vein graft disease has underscored the importance of circumferential strain in vascular remodeling and intimal hyperplasia. Understanding the complex dynamics between MBs, mechanical strain, and vascular remodeling is crucial for advancing our knowledge of coronary artery disease mechanisms. This could lead to improved management strategies for cardiovascular diseases, highlighting the need for further research into MB-related vascular changes.
FIELD: medicine, pulmonology. SUBSTANCE: drug has starch, agarose, preserving agent, among them dioxydine and sulfalene-megluminate, and physiological solution and if necessary acceptable special additions. Agent does not irritate nasal mucosa and does not suppress the ciliated epithelium transport function, well removed and ensures to refuse the use of a lot of medicinal additions. Agent is used for treatment of inflammatory diseases of upper respiratory tract. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of drug. 4 cl
A rodenticide which is non-toxic to humans, domestic animals and livestock comprises a water-retentive material as the active ingredient and a rodent attractant. Preferably the water-retentive material is cellulosic material. In certain embodiments the water-retentive material comprises alpha-cellulose. In one preferred embodiment the cellulosic material comprises purified cellulose derived from the core of the cob of the DK 446 maize hybrid or from the core of the cob of an agonist of the DK 446 hybrid. It is considered that the unique selective toxicity of such rodenticides arises from the interference with water transport through the gut wall, particularly in the caecum (where cellulose is digested in rats) The caecum is vestigial in humans, who are not therefore affected by such materials. A laboratory method of screening candidate water-retentive materials for rodenticidal activity in the field is disclosed, involving examination of the gut (for compaction and bloating) and the caecum (for impaction).
ACE inhibitors can cause fetal and neonatal morbidity and death when administered to pregnant women. Several dozen cases have been reported in the world literature. When pregnancy is detected, ACE inhibitors should be discontinued as soon as possible. 

The use of ACE inhibitors during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy has been associated with fetal and neonatal injury, including hypotension, neonatal skull hypoplasia, anuria, reversible or irreversible renal failure, and death. Oligohydramnios has also been reported, presumably resulting from decreased fetal renal function; oligohydramnios in this setting has been associated with fetal limb contractures, craniofacial deformation, and hypoplastic lung development. Prematurity, intrauterine growth retardation, and patent ductus arteriosus have also been reported, although it is not clear whether these occurrences were due to the ACE-inhibitor exposure. 

These adverse effects do not appear to have resulted from intrauterine ACE-inhibitor exposure that has been limited to the first trimester. Mothers whose embryos and fetuses are exposed to ACE inhibitors only during the first trimester should be so informed. Nonetheless, when patients become pregnant, physicians should make every effort to discontinue the use of captopril as soon as possible. 

Rarely (probably less often than once in every thousand pregnancies), no alternative to ACE inhibitors will be found. In these rare cases, the mothers should be apprised of the potential hazards to their fetuses, and serial ultrasound examinations should be performed to assess the intraamniotic environment. 

If oligohydramnios is observed, captopril should be discontinued unless it is considered life-saving for the mother. Contraction stress testing(CST), a non-stress test (NST), or biophysical profiling (BPP) may be appropriate, depending upon the week of pregnancy. Patients and physicians should be aware, however, that oligohydramnios may not appear until after the fetus has sustained irreversible injury. 

Infants with histories of in utero exposure to ACE inhibitors should be closely observed for hypotension, oliguria, and hyperkalemia. If oliguria occurs, attention should be directed toward support of blood pressure and renal perfusion. Exchange transfusion or dialysis may be required as a means of reversing hypotension and/or substituting for disordered renal function. While captopril may be removed from the adult circulation by hemodialysis, there is inadequate data concerning the effectiveness of hemodialysis for removing it from the circulation of neonates or children. Peritoneal dialysis is not effective for removing captopril; there is no information concerning exchange transfusion for removing captopril from the general circulation. 

When captopril was given to rabbits at doses about 0.8 to 70 times (on a mg/kg basis) the maximum recommended human dose, low incidences of craniofacial malformations were seen. No teratogenic effects of captopril were seen in studies of pregnant rats and hamsters. On a mg/kg basis, the doses used were up to 150 times (in hamsters) and 625 times (in rats) the maximum recommended human dose.
The invention discloses a cellulose ether gel and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of biomedical materials. The cellulose ether gel is prepared from 50-90 parts by weight of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 10-50 parts by weight of methylcellulose and 0.3-2 parts by weight of cross-linking agent. According to the invention, methylcellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are used as raw materials, and the cellulose ether gel prepared by crosslinking has the characteristic of high water absorption speed and has higher elastic modulus after water absorption. The elastic modulus can reach 1000-2500 Pa, and the water absorption rate is 50-80 g/g. The performance of the gel can be adjusted by changing the dosage of the methyl cellulose and the carboxymethyl cellulose, different application requirements can be met, and the adjustment mode is more flexible and various. The raw materials and the cross-linking agent used by the gel are safe and nontoxic, meet the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development, are more suitable for the field of biomedicine, and are particularly used as an intragastric water-absorbing swelling space-occupying agent for weight control.
AIM: This study aims to elucidate the cellular dynamics and pathophysiology of white matter hemorrhage (WMH) in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).
METHODS: Using varying doses of collagenase IV, a consistent rat ICH model characterized by pronounced WMH was established. Verification was achieved through behavioral assays, hematoma volume, and histological evaluations. Single-cell suspensions from the hemorrhaged region of the ipsilateral striatum on day three post-ICH were profiled using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Gene Ontology (GO) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) further interpreted the differentially expressed genes (DEGs).
RESULTS: Following WMH induction, there was a notable increase in the percentage of myeloid cells and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), alongside a reduction in the percentage of neurons, microglia, and oligodendrocytes (OLGs). Post-ICH WMH showed homeostatic microglia transitioning into pro-, anti-inflammatory, and proliferative states, influencing lipid metabolic pathways. Myeloid cells amplified chemokine expression, linked with ferroptosis pathways. Macrophages exhibited M1 and M2 phenotypes, and post-WMH, macrophages displayed a predominance of M2 phenotypes, characterized by their anti-inflammatory properties. A surge in OPC proliferation aligned with enhanced ribosomal signaling, suggesting potential reparative responses post-WMH.
CONCLUSION: The study offers valuable insights into WMH's complex pathophysiology following ICH, highlighting the significance and utility of scRNA-seq in understanding the cellular dynamics and contributing to future cerebrovascular research.
Because clinical trials are conducted under prescribing conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

In two randomized, controlled trials, 674 subjects received treatment for up to 12 weeks with Atralin Gel [see Clinical Studies (14)]. In these studies, 50% of the subjects who were treated with Atralin Gel reported one or more adverse reactions; 30% of the subjects reported treatment-related adverse reactions. In the vehicle group, 29% of the 487 randomized subjects reported at least one adverse reaction; 5% of the subjects reported events that were treatment-related. There were no serious, treatment-related adverse reactions reported by subjects in any of the treatment groups.

Selected adverse reactions that occurred in at least 1% of subjects in the two trials combined are shown in Table 1 (below). Most skin-related adverse reactions first appear during the first two weeks of treatment with Atralin Gel, and the incidence rate for skin-related reactions peaks around the second and third week of treatment. In some subjects, the skin-related adverse reactions persist throughout the treatment period.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disorder that is associated with increased incidence of chronic musculoskeletal pain. We investigated the mechanism of this association in a mouse model of chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) that mimics the repetitive hypoxemias of OSA. After 14 days of CIH, both male and female mice exhibited behaviors indicative of persistent pain, with biochemical markers in the spinal cord dorsal horn and sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia consistent with hyperalgesic priming. CIH, but not sleep fragmentation alone, induced an increase in macrophage recruitment to peripheral sensory tissues (sciatic nerve and dorsal root ganglia), an increase in inflammatory cytokines in the circulation, and nociceptor sensitization. Peripheral macrophage ablation blocked CIH-induced hyperalgesic priming. The findings suggest that correcting the hypoxia or targeting macrophage signaling might suppress persistent pain in patients with OSA.
The invention relates to a combination traditional Chinese medicine preparation of menstruation regulating powder and menstruation regulating oral liquid. A dysmenorrhea prescription is prepared from combination traditional Chinese medicines of the menstruation regulating powder and the menstruation regulating oral liquid. The menstruation regulating powder consists of the following traditional Chinese medicines in parts by weight: 30 parts of fevervine, 30 parts of loosestrife, 30 parts of Aristolochia cinnabarina, 50 parts of calcined oyster shell, 15 parts of leech, 15 parts of ginger, six ground beetles and one sika deer fetus; the menstruation regulating oral liquid consists of the following traditional Chinese medicines in parts by weight: 50 parts of leonurus, 20 parts of corydalis tuber, 20 parts of concha haliotidis, 20 parts of trogopterus dung, 20 parts of cortex moutan, 30 parts of sweet wine, 20 parts of rosa chellonensis root and 10 parts of elecampane. The menstruation regulating powder and the menstruation regulating oral liquid are combined to be packaged in parts by weight of 1:5 after being proportioned. The combination traditional Chinese medicine preparation has the major functions of tonifying qi and blood and stopping bleeding and harmonizing menses. The combination traditional Chinese medicine preparation is used for treating qi-blood deficiency patients with abnormal menstruation caused by installing an intrauterine ring, such as symptoms: profuse menstruation, menostaxis, light coloured rare menstruation, dizziness, palpitation, tireness and fatigue, pale complexion, lower abdomen distention, lumbosacral portion aching pain, pale tongue, thin white coated tongue and weak pulse. The combination traditional Chinese medicine preparation has the beneficial effects that the preparation process is simple; essences of the traditional Chinese medicines are separately extracted; and an effect of combining the traditional Chinese medicines is obviously performed.
Patients with acute STEMI will receive intravenous infusion of microbubbles (3% Definity) with Therapeutic ultrasound with 20 usec: custom designed high mechanical index (MI) impulses at 4-20 usec and \>1.0 MI designed for the 1.7 MHz S5-1 transducer while waiting for percutaneous coronary intervention. Treatment will continue after procedure untill complete a total of 60 minutes.
Subjects in Group A (patients with locally advanced, high grade or metastatic renal cell carcinoma starting immunotherapy) will have blood collected at baseline, at the time of a standard of care cytoreductive surgery (if applicable), 12 weeks, 24 weeks, 52 weeks and upon disease progression on treatment for analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), metabolites, cytokines and angiokines. Urinary and fecal specimens will be collected at baseline, at the time of a standard of care cytoreductive surgery (if applicable), 12 weeks, 24 weeks, 52 weeks and upon disease progression. Tissue will be collected at the time of a standard of care cytoreductive surgery (if applicable).
Patients in the control arm will be instructed to check blood sugars seven times per day: fasting, pre-prandial, and 1 hour after each meal. The glycemic targets for the control arm will be defined as follows: fasting ≤95 mg/dL, pre-prandial ≤95 mg/dL, and 1-hour postprandial ≤140 mg/dL (i.e. conventional targets). Patients who do not achieve glycemic goals with diet and exercise will be started on medical therapy (metformin or insulin) at the discretion of a maternal-fetal medicine subspecialist and endocrinologist.
BACKGROUND: Pruritus is a highly burdensome symptom in patients with epidermolysis bullosa, especially recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB); however, only a few studies have assessed the molecular pathogenesis of RDEB-associated pruritus. Interleukin (IL)-31 is a key cytokine implicated in pruritus associated with dermatologic diseases such as atopic dermatitis and prurigo nodularis.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role and cellular source of IL-31 in RDEB-associated pruritus.
METHODS: Serum and skin samples were obtained from 11 RDEB patients and 11 healthy controls. Pruritus visual analogue scale scores were determined. Serum levels of IL-31 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of IL-31 and other pruritus mediators in the skin were examined through immunofluorescence staining, and their correlation with pruritus severity was analysed.
RESULTS: Serum IL-31 and TSLP were elevated in RDEB patients. IL-31 expression was increased in RDEB skin and positively correlated with pruritus severity. Most of the IL-31-expressing cells were mast cells, and some were CD206(+) M2-like macrophages. The number of substance P(+) cells was also increased in the patients' skin, and most of them were mast cells. The number of substance P(+) mast cells was correlated with the number of IL-31(+) dermal infiltrates. The number of IL-4Rα- and IL-13-expressing cells and expression of TSLP and periostin increased in RDEB skin, but without a correlation to pruritus score.
CONCLUSION: The increased production of skin IL-31 from mast cells and M2-like macrophages may be the mechanism underlying pruritus in RDEB.
PURPOSE: To obtain a skin external agent having remarkably improved stability of α-tocopheryl retinoate by compounding an oil-soluble antioxidation agent and an oil having a specific iodine value as stabilizers together with α- tocopheryl retinoate. CONSTITUTION: This skin external agent containing stabilized α-tocopheryl retinoate is produced by adding 0.001-10.0wt.% of an oil-soluble antioxidation agent (especially preferably butylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, etc.) and >=0.01wt.% of an oil having an iodine value of >=70 to 0.0001-10.0wt.% of α-tocopheryl retinoate. Preferable examples of the oil-soluble antioxidation agent are α, β, γ, δ-tocopherol, nordihydroguaiaretin, propyl gallate, vitamin C fatty acid ester and sorbic acid in addition to the examples cited above. The oil having an iodine value of >=70 is e.g. linseed oil, tung oil, soybean oil, sesame oil, repeseed oil, avocado oil, olive oil, sardine oil, mackerel oil and oyster oil.
White adipose tissue (WAT) and the gut are involved in the development of neuroinflammation when an organism detects any kind of injury, thereby triggering metainflammation. In fact, the autonomous nervous system innervates both tissues, although the complex role played by the integrated sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric nervous system functions have not been fully elucidated. Our aims were to investigate the participation of inflamed WAT and the gut in neuroinflammation. Firstly, we conducted an analysis into how inflamed peripheral WAT plays a key role in the triggering of metainflammation. Indeed, this included the impact of the development of local insulin resistance and its metabolic consequences, a serious hypothalamic dysfunction that promotes neurodegeneration. Then, we analyzed the gut-brain axis dysfunction involved in neuroinflammation by examining cell interactions, soluble factors, the sensing of microbes, and the role of dysbiosis-related mechanisms (intestinal microbiota and mucosal barriers) affecting brain functions. Finally, we targeted the physiological crosstalk between cells of the brain-WAT-gut axis that restores normal tissue homeostasis after injury. We concluded the following: because any injury can result not only in overall insulin resistance and dysbiosis, which in turn can impact upon the brain, but that a high-risk of the development of neuroinflammation-induced neurodegenerative disorder can also be triggered. Thus, it is imperative to avoid early metainflammation by applying appropriate preventive (e.g., lifestyle and diet) or pharmacological treatments to cope with allostasis and thus promote health homeostasis.
Tumor cells disseminate in various distant organs at early stages of cancer progression. These disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) can stay dormant/quiescent without causing patient symptoms for years or decades. These dormant tumor cells survive despite curative treatments by entering growth arrest, escaping immune surveillance, and/or developing drug resistance. However, these dormant cells can reactivate to proliferate, causing metastatic progression and/or relapse, posing a threat to patients' survival. It's unclear how cancer cells maintain dormancy and what triggers their reactivation. What are better approaches to prevent metastatic progression and relapse through harnessing cancer dormancy? To answer these remaining questions, we reviewed the studies of tumor dormancy and reactivation in various types of cancer using different model systems, including the brief history of dormancy studies, the intrinsic characteristics of dormant cells, and the external cues at the cellular and molecular levels. Furthermore, we discussed future directions in the field and the strategies for manipulating dormancy to prevent metastatic progression and recurrence.
Critically ill patients with COVID-19 have hospitalized in an ICU due to the closer monitoring and therapy. In fact, ICU admissions are dependent on the severity of illness and the ICU capacity of the health-care system. Therefore, many patients with confirmed COVID-19 with RT-PCR and/or suspected COVID-19 were hospitalized in ICUs with a limited number of beds. This ambiguity can result in both contamination risk to uninfected patients and occupancy rate of the limited ICU beds. Hence, it may be need a new scoring system for contagious critically ill patients. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical features of 75 critically ill patients due to COVID-19 and to compare confirmed COVID-19 cases with suspected COVID-19 cases in our critical care units.
Chlorhexidine digluconate 2 % solution (Cavity Cleanser, Bisco, USA). Each tooth will receive two drops of cavity cleanser with a micro brush, equivalent to a dose of 10 mg of the solution.