anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Niacin functions in the body after conversion to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) in the NAD coenzyme system. Niacin (but not nicotinamide) in gram doses reduces total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG), and increases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The magnitude of individual lipid and lipoprotein responses may be influenced by the severity and type of underlying lipid abnormality. The increase in HDL-C is associated with an increase in apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A-I) and a shift in the distribution of HDL subfractions. These shifts include an increase in the HDL2:HDL3 ratio, and an elevation in lipoprotein A-I (Lp A-I, an HDL-C particle containing only Apo A-I). Niacin treatment also decreases serum levels of apolipoprotein B-100 (Apo B), the major protein component of the very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and LDL fractions, and of Lp(a), a variant form of LDL independently associated with coronary risk. In addition, preliminary reports suggest that niacin causes favorable LDL particle size transformations, although the clinical relevance of this effect requires further investigation. The effect of niacin-induced changes in lipids/proteins on cardiovascular morbidity or mortality in individuals without preexisting coronary disease has not been established.

A variety of clinical studies have demonstrated that elevated levels of TC, LDL-C, and Apo B promote human atherosclerosis. Similarly, decreased levels of HDL-C are associated with the development of atherosclerosis. Epidemiological investigations have established that cardiovascular morbidity and mortality vary directly with the level of Total-C and LDL-C, and inversely with the level of HDL-C. 

Like LDL, cholesterol-enriched triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, including VLDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL), and their remnants, can also promote atherosclerosis. Elevated plasma TG are frequently found in a triad with low HDL-C levels and small LDL particles, as well as in association with non-lipid metabolic risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). As such, total plasma TG has not consistently been shown to be an independent risk factor for CHD. Furthermore, the independent effect of raising HDL-C or lowering TG on the risk of coronary and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality has not been determined.
Dietary counseling + materials promoting strength training and aerobic activity + a diet that has \< 20% of energy coming from fat and intakes of fruits and vegetables of \> 5 servings/day + a calcium intake of 1,200 - 2,500 mg/day. 6 month intervention.
The study aimed to provide quantitative information on the utilization of MRI transverse relaxation time constant (MRI-T2) of leg muscles in DMD clinical trials by developing multivariate disease progression models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) using 6-min walk distance (6MWD) and MRI-T2. Clinical data were collected from the prospective and longitudinal ImagingNMD study. Disease progression models were developed by a nonlinear mixed-effect modeling approach. Univariate models of 6MWD and MRI-T2 of five muscles were developed separately. Age at assessment was the time metric. Multivariate models were developed by estimating the correlation of 6MWD and MRI-T2 model variables. Full model estimation approach for covariate analysis and five-fold cross validation were conducted. Simulations were performed to compare the models and predict the covariate effects on the trajectories of 6MWD and MRI-T2. Sigmoid Imax and Emax models best captured the profiles of 6MWD and MRI-T2 over age. Steroid use, baseline 6MWD, and baseline MRI-T2 were significant covariates. The median age at which 6MWD is half of its maximum decrease in the five models was similar, while the median age at which MRI-T2 is half of its maximum increase varied depending on the type of muscle. The models connecting 6MWD and MRI-T2 successfully quantified how individual characteristics alter disease trajectories. The models demonstrate a plausible correlation between 6MWD and MRI-T2, supporting the use of MRI-T2. The developed models will guide drug developers in using the MRI-T2 to most efficient use in DMD clinical trials.
Human subjects that volunteer to participate in this study will be requested to have approximately 20 cc of blood drawn (about 12 tablespoons) at several time intervals. These time intervals include prior to conditioning regimen for transplant, the day of transplantation, day +30, +60 and +100 after transplantation. If a given subject develops acute graft-versus-host disease, a blood sample will be obtained at that time as well. The amount of blood samples collected in an 8 week period will not exceed 50 ml and collection will not occur more than twice a week. There will be no pregnant women or children involved in the investigators study.

All patients involved in the study will be undergoing bone marrow transplant and pregnancy screening is done in pre-transplant testing. This blood will be collected in lavender top, EDTA tubes; some plasma (or serum) may be collected and stored for additional analysis.
The invention discloses a total lactone extract of yacon leaves and an application of the total lactone extract in preparation of an anti-cancer medicine. A preparation process of the total lactone extract comprises the following steps: (1) at least extracting the yacon leaves once via a solvent so as to obtain an extracting liquid; (2) concentrating the extracting liquid so as to obtain a concentrate; (3) separating and purifying the concentrate by using a solvent method or a macroporous adsorption resin adsorption method so as to obtain a total lactone concentrate; and (4) drying the total lactone concentrate so as to obtain the total lactone extract of the yacon leaves. The invention further discloses the application of the total lactone extract of the yacon leaves in preparation of the anti-cancer medicine. The anti-cancer activity of the total lactone extract is greater than that of a main monomer component in the anti-cancer medicine. The total lactones are high in yield and simple in preparation process, thereby being more suitable for development of a novel medicine. Thus, the total lactones in the extract disclosed by the invention can exert anti-cancer functions in multiple mechanisms.
Remote patient monitoring (RPM) provides real-time clinical patient data to the medical team. The foundational element of RPM is communication, including data processing and integration in the electronic health record and communication of data between patients and clinicians. Patient portals are integral to this communication and their use can result in improved health outcomes and patient safety. Patient portals promote engagement of patients in their care, increase access to the medical team, and integrate RPM system data. RPM systems can monitor a spectrum of parameters related to chronic conditions, from vital signs (eg, heart and respiration rates, blood pressure, blood oxygen and glucose levels) to advanced cardiovascular measures. Some RPM systems are capable of automated monitoring. Health care insurance coverage of RPM systems varies widely, which has health equity implications, particularly for high-risk patients with endocrine and cardiovascular conditions. Additional challenges to widespread adoption of RPM include its contribution to administrative burden for physicians, patient data privacy issues, and variable effectiveness of RPM systems in the management of different chronic conditions.
The present invention provides methods for producing scaffolded (e.g., nanoparticle presented) or non-scaffolded vaccines that are based on viral immunogenic proteins with a glycan shielded (e.g., HIV-1 Env). The vaccines thus generated demonstrate enhanced immunogenicity and responder frequency. The methods entail (1) enzymatic digestion of glycan chain on the surface of a viral trimer protein immunogen or a self-assembling nanoparticle vaccine displaying the viral immunogen (e.g., an HIV-1 UFO trimer), or (2) expression of a construct encoding the vaccine in an expression system lacking normal glycosylation function for human proteins. The methods can include an additional step of purifying the glycan shortened protein and/or formulating the protein into a vaccine composition. Also provided in the invention are vaccine compositions produced with the described methods. The invention further provides methods of using the vaccine compositions described herein (e.g., scaffolded or non-scaffolded HIV-1 vaccines) in various therapeutic applications, e.g., for preventing or treating viral infections.
To investigate the application of H2 to alleviate cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in a PGC-1α-dependent manner. A rat in vitro myocardial I/R injury model was used, Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of apoptosis markers (Bax, cleaved caspase-3, Bcl2), inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α), mitochondrial fission (DRP1, MFF) and mitochondrial fusion (MFN1, MFN2, OPA1). HE staining was used to observe the effect of H2 on the myocardial tissue structure injured by I/R. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the changes in the mitochondrial structure of myocardial tissue after I/R injury. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to detect the expression of PGC-1α in the myocardial tissue of rats after I/R injury and H2 treatment. H2 increases the expression level of PGC-1α, while the deletion of PGC-1α inhibited the therapeutic effect of H2. H2 can improve the changes of the myocardial tissue and mitochondrial structure caused by I/R injury. H2 treatment effectively inhibited the inflammatory response, and the loss of PGC-1α could inhibit the therapeutic effect of H2. The application of H2 can alleviate myocardial I/R injury, and the loss of PGC-1α weakens the protective effect of H2 on the I/R heart.
Capsaicin, which is abundant in chili peppers, exerts antioxidative, antitumor, antiulcer and analgesic effects and it has demonstrated potential as a treatment for cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, oncological and dermatological conditions. Unique among natural irritants, capsaicin initially excites neurons but then 'calms' them into long‑lasting non‑responsiveness. Capsaicin can also promote weight loss, making it potentially useful for treating obesity. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the therapeutic effects of capsaicin, including antioxidation, analgesia and promotion of apoptosis. Some of the mechanisms are proposed to be mediated by the capsaicin receptor (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1), but some are proposed to be independent of that receptor. The clinical usefulness of capsaicin is limited by its short half‑life. The present review provided an overview of what is known about the therapeutic effects of capsaicin and the mechanisms involved and certain studies arguing against its clinical use were mentioned.
Participants in this group received twice-weekly non-consecutive sessions of physical exercise for 10 weeks. Each session lasted approximately 60-70 minutes. Exercise program consisted of strength training and aerobic exercise. Each session began with a warm low intensity (10 min), then the main part of the session (25 min) and aerobic training and recovery period (25-35 min) was performed. The equipment used during the procedure was the Thera-Band elastic band.
FIELD: medicine, surgery, autotransplantation. SUBSTANCE: method deals with anti-ischemic organ protection due to intravenous injection of antioxidant preparations. When splenectomy is over a spleen is perfused by hypersmolar saline solution at addition of antioxidants and calcium antagonists at the highest single dose. Then implants are formed as anatomical subsegments of an organ. Implants are placed via additional transrectal cut at cross-sectional fascia in projection of a lower third of abdominal rectus muscle of a stomach. During postoperative period it is necessary to introduce antioxidant and antibacterial preparations. EFFECT: higher efficiency to be used at urgent splenectomy for autotransplantation of splenic tissues.
Renzapride 4 mg QD. Two capsules are taken by mouth each morning and each evening from the day of the randomization visit until the scheduled visit at the end of Week 12.
FIELD: medicine, dermatology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cosmetic composition containing retinoid, acid and carrier. Oleanolic acid and/or ursolic acid in combination with retinol or retinyl ester inhibits differentiation of keratinocytes synergistically. This effect is similar with that of retinoic acid. Invention relates to also method of skin care that involves application of the proposed composition on skin and to method of simulation of effect of retinoic acid on skin. EFFECT: improved properties of composition, improved method of simulation. 6 cl, 2 tbl, 8 ex
Both the 1 mL vial and the 1 mL prefilled syringe of MPA Injectable Suspension, USP should be vigorously shaken just before use to ensure that the dose being administered represents a uniform suspension.

The recommended dose is 150 mg of MPA Injectable Suspension, USP every 3 months (13 weeks) administered by deep intramuscular (IM) injection using strict aseptic technique in the gluteal or deltoid muscle, rotating the sites with every injection. As with any IM injection, to avoid an inadvertent subcutaneous injection, body habitus should be assessed prior to each injection to determine if a longer needle is necessary particularly for gluteal IM injection.

Use for longer than 2 years is not recommended (unless other birth control methods are considered inadequate) due to the impact of long-term MPA Injectable Suspension, USP treatment on bone mineral density (BMD) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. Dosage does not need to be adjusted for body weight [see Clinical Studies (14.1)].

To ensure the patient is not pregnant at the time of the first injection, the first injection should be given ONLY during the first 5 days of a normal menstrual period; ONLY within the first 5-days postpartum if not breast-feeding; and if exclusively breast-feeding, ONLY at the sixth postpartum week. If the time interval between injections is greater than 13 weeks, the physician should determine that the patient is not pregnant before administering the drug. The efficacy of MPA Injectable Suspension, USP depends on adherence to the dosage schedule of administration.
PURPOSE: To obtain a face or body washing compsn. having a satisfactory cleansing effect and very low irritating property and easy to foam. CONSTITUTION: This skin washing compsn. contains at least one kind of sec. or branched chain nonionic alcohol-ethylene oxide(EO) condensed surfactant (A) having 4-12 condensed EO units or sec. or branched chain nonionic alcohol- EO-propylene oxide(PO) condensed surfactant (A) having 1-6 condensed PO units and 4-20 condensed EO units and at lest one kind of low irritating anionic surfactant (B), preferably mono- or di-alkyl phosphate or acylmethyl taurate. The HLB of the surfactant A is 10-14, preferably 10-12.5 on average. The surfactant A is preferably a 12-14 C sec. alcohol ethoxylate having 5-7 residues of EO and HLB of 10-12.5. The especially pref. total amt. of the surfactants is 25-40 wt.%, the especially pref. amt. of the surfactant A is 8-12 wt.% and that of the surfactant B is 15-25 wt.%.
Treatment will consist of a single neoadjuvant cycle of 10-21 days (+7 days if needed due to surgical delay). Abemaciclib will be administered from days 1-21. Abemaciclib may be continued for an additional 7 days, or up to 28 days, for delays in planned surgery. Abemaciclib 200 mg PO twice daily on Days 1-21 (+7 days).
The point-prevalence of low back pain (LBP) has been estimated to 9.4 % and LBP is in many countries the most frequent reason to consult a general practitioner. However, general practitioners are under pressure with increasing workloads. The increasing number of patients and the typical 10-15 minutes of available time for each patient are challenging the provision of sufficient information and advice. According to international guidelines information and advice are recommended for every patient with LBP, therefore, new methods to support general practitioners (GPs) are very much needed. Online technologies give new opportunities to extend the treatment. Furthermore, involving patients with LBP in the development of online information material may produce more user friendly content and design and thereby increasing patients' acceptance and usage. Thus, optimizing clinical outcome. This project will study patients' satisfaction and clinical outcomes of a web-application for patients with LBP consulted in general practice compared to best existing technology (the Patient Handbook).
Syncope is common in the general population and a common presenting symptom in acute care settings. Substantial costs are attributed to the care of patients with syncope. Current challenges include differentiating syncope from its mimickers, identifying serious underlying conditions that caused the syncope, and wide variations in current management. Although validated risk tools exist, especially for short-term prognosis, there is inconsistent application, and the current approach does not meet patient needs and expectations. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, such as machine learning methods including natural language processing, can potentially address the current challenges in syncope management. Preliminary evidence from published studies indicates that it is possible to accurately differentiate syncope from its mimickers and predict short-term prognosis and hospitalisation. More recently, AI analysis of electrocardiograms has shown promise in detection of serious structural and functional cardiac abnormalities, which has the potential to improve syncope care. Future AI studies have the potential to address current issues in syncope management. AI can automatically prognosticate risk in real time by accessing traditional and nontraditional data. However, steps to mitigate known problems such as generalisability, patient privacy, data protection, and liability will be needed. In the past AI has had limited impact due to underdeveloped analytical methods, lack of computing power, poor access to powerful computing systems, and availability of reliable high-quality data. All impediments except data have been solved. AI will live up to its promise to transform syncope care if the health care system can satisfy AI requirement of large scale, robust, accurate, and reliable data.
Although little is known about the influence of peri-implant mucosa thickness (PMT) on long-term biologic outcomes, soft tissue thickness is a critical component to esthetic dental implant restorations. While the subepithelial connective tissue graft (sCTG) has been recognized as the gold standard for gingival augmentation, several studies have reported acellular dermal matrix (ADM) may produce similar outcomes. Healthy patients with a thin biotype were selected on the basis of an eligibility criteria and randomized to the control (sCTG) or test (ADM) group. Measurements were completed by a masked examiner at baseline and at implant uncovering. Patient reported outcomes were recorded, as well. A power analysis suggested 20 subjects be recruited. The gain in PMT at 1mm, 3mm and 5mm from the expected CEJ and recipient site wound dehiscence were measured and recorded in both groups at different time points by a calibrated, masked examiner. Patient-related outcome measures (PROMs), such as pain and level of satisfaction with final outcome, were also recorded for all study participants.
Both wild-type and mutant tau proteins can misfold into prions and self-propagate in the central nervous system of animals and people. To extend the work of others, we investigated the molecular basis of tau prion-mediated neurodegeneration in transgenic (Tg) rats expressing mutant human tau (P301S); this line of Tg rats is denoted Tg12099. We used the rat Prnp promoter to drive the overexpression of mutant tau (P301S) in the human 0N4R isoform. In Tg12099(+/+) rats homozygous for the transgene, ubiquitous expression of mutant human tau resulted in the progressive accumulation of phosphorylated tau inclusions, including silver-positive tangles in the frontal cortices and limbic system. Signs of central nervous system dysfunction were found in terminal Tg12099(+/+) rats exhibiting severe neurodegeneration and profound atrophy of the amygdala and piriform cortex. The greatest increases in tau prion activity were found in the corticolimbic structures. In contrast to the homozygous Tg12099(+/+) rats, we found lower levels of mutant tau in the hemizygous rats, resulting in few neuropathologic changes up to 2 years of age. Notably, these hemizygous rats could be infected by intracerebral inoculation with recombinant tau fibrils or precipitated tau prions from the brain homogenates of sick, aged homozygous Tg12099(+/+) rats. Our studies argue that the regional propagation of tau prions and neurodegeneration in the Tg12099 rats resembles that found in human primary tauopathies. These findings seem likely to advance our understanding of human tauopathies and may lead to effective therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease and other tau prion disorders.
Cognitive deficits are long-lasting consequences of drug use, yet the convergent mechanism by which classes of drugs with different pharmacological properties cause similar deficits is unclear. We find that both phencyclidine and methamphetamine, despite differing in their targets in the brain, cause the same glutamatergic neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex of male mice to gain a GABAergic phenotype and decrease expression of their glutamatergic phenotype. Suppressing drug-induced gain of GABA with RNA-interference prevents appearance of memory deficits. Stimulation of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area is necessary and sufficient to produce this gain of GABA. Drug-induced prefrontal hyperactivity drives this change in transmitter identity. Returning prefrontal activity to baseline, chemogenetically or with clozapine, reverses the change in transmitter phenotype and rescues the associated memory deficits. This work reveals a shared and reversible mechanism that regulates the appearance of cognitive deficits upon exposure to different drugs.
Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS), also known as multiorgan hypersensitivity, has been reported in patients taking XCOPRI. DRESS has occurred, including one fatality, when XCOPRI was titrated rapidly (weekly or faster titration). No cases of DRESS were reported in an open-label safety study of 1339 partial-onset seizure patients when XCOPRI was initiated at 12.5 mg once daily and titrated every two weeks. This finding does not establish that the risk of DRESS is prevented by a slower titration; however, XCOPRI should be initiated at 12.5 mg once daily and titrated every two weeks [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)]. DRESS typically, although not exclusively, presents with fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, and/or facial swelling, in association with other organ system involvement, such as hepatitis, nephritis, hematological abnormalities, myocarditis, or myositis sometimes resembling an acute viral infection. Eosinophilia is often present. This disorder is variable in its expression, and other organ systems not noted here may be involved. It is important to note that early manifestations of hypersensitivity, such as fever or lymphadenopathy, may be present even though rash is not evident. If such signs or symptoms are present, the patient should be evaluated immediately. XCOPRI should be discontinued immediately and not restarted if an alternative etiology for the signs or symptoms cannot be established [see Contraindications (4)].