anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The increasing life expectancy has led to a higher incidence of age-related neurodegenerative conditions. Within this framework, neuroinflammation emerges as a significant contributing factor. It involves the activation of microglia and astrocytes, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and the infiltration of peripheral leukocytes into the central nervous system (CNS). These instances result in neuronal damage and neurodegeneration through activated nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing (NLR) family pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) pathways and decreased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activity. Due to limited effectiveness regarding the inhibition of neuroinflammatory targets using conventional drugs, there is challenging growth in the search for innovative therapies for alleviating neuroinflammation in CNS diseases or even before their onset. Our results indicate that interventions focusing on Interleukin-Driven Immunomodulation, Chemokine (CXC) Receptor Signaling and Expression, Cold Exposure, and Fibrin-Targeted strategies significantly promise to mitigate neuroinflammatory processes. These approaches demonstrate potential anti-neuroinflammatory effects, addressing conditions such as Multiple Sclerosis, Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, Parkinson's Disease, and Alzheimer's Disease. While the findings are promising, immunomodulatory therapies often face limitations due to Immune-Related Adverse Events. Therefore, the conduction of randomized clinical trials in this matter is mandatory, and will pave the way for a promising future in the development of new medicines with specific therapeutic targets.
COCs containing EE may inhibit the metabolism of other compounds. COCs have been shown to significantly decrease plasma concentrations of lamotrigine, likely due to induction of lamotrigine glucuronidation. This may reduce seizure control; therefore, dosage adjustments of lamotrigine may be necessary. Consult the labeling of the concurrently-used drug to obtain further information about interactions with COCs or the potential for enzyme alterations. 

In vitro and clinical studies did not indicate an inhibitory potential of DRSP towards human CYP enzymes at clinically relevant concentrations [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

Women on thyroid hormone replacement therapy may need increased doses of thyroid hormone because serum concentration of thyroid-binding globulin increases with use of COCs.

Potential to Increase Serum Potassium Concentration: There is a potential for an increase in serum potassium concentration in women taking Yasmin with other drugs that may increase serum potassium concentration [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Avelumab is a fully human monoclonal PD-L1 antibody of the immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) subclass. It works by binding to PD-L1 on tumor cells, immune cells and/or stromal cells. This prevents PD-L1 from interacting with PD-1. Inhibition of this interaction increases activation/survival of antitumor lymphocytes. It also increases innate immunity by resulting in decreased PD-1 suppression of NK cell function and bolsters antibody production by B cells due to less PD-L1 binding of PD-1 on B-cells. Additionally, avelumab has been suggested to have another mechanism involving antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). ADCC in these cases involves NK cell recognition and lysis of tumor cells that have antibody bound to PD-L1. By blocking PD-L1, avelumab leads to less CD80 binding by PD-L1 and more CD80-CD28 binding in response to antigen presentation to T-cells. This results in increased costimulatory signaling and is another mechanism by which avelumab may enhance T-cell activation.

Avelumab has been shown to be efficacious across multiple metastatic tumor types, including urothelial cancer. The phase Ib study has reported survival and safety outcomes with \>12 months followup using pooled data on 249 patients with metastatic UC (Apolo et al, ESMO Sept 2017). Patients had been treated with a median of 2 prior therapies in the metastatic setting and 13 patients who were cisplatin-ineligible were evaluated for safety alone. PD-L1 expression was not a criterion for enrollment. The confirmed objective response rate (ORR) was 16.1%, with 5% complete responses and 11.2% partial responses. The 6-month progression-free survival was 27%. The ORR was better than or comparable to chemotherapy in historical controls. Among responders, 70.3% were maintained \> 12 months. Treatment-related adverse events (AE) occurred in 70%, with 10.7% of the total with AE's of grade \>3. Immune-mediated AE's occurred in 18.5%, of which 4% were grade \>3. There is currently a phase III clinical trial ongoing comparing avelumab to standard of care chemotherapy in the second line setting or beyond for metastatic UC. Two other checkpoint inhibitors have been approved in the last 2 years for first line treatment of patients with metastatic UC who are ineligible for cisplatin-based therapy.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an easily handleable air-conditioning apparatus for preventing a liquid composition from leaking by allowing the apparatus not to fall in spite of butting into the body of a user when placed at bedside, etc.  <P>SOLUTION: A main body 20 is placed on a placement part 11 formed on a base 10 in the air-conditioning apparatus 1. The liquid composition inside a container 24 for medicines arranged inside the main body 20 is vaporized by heating with a heater 25, and the effective component of the liquid composition is discharged into the air of a room by a fan 26. Power is supplied to the main body 20 from power supplying electrodes 14a, 14b arranged in the placement part 11 by contact with power receiving electrodes 32a, 32b arranged in the bottom of the main body. The magnetic body 31 of the main body is magnetically coupled with the magnetic bodies 13N, 13S of the base so as to hold the main body 20 on the base 10. Consequently, the fall of the apparatus 1 is prevented, while the main body is formed in easily handleable size and shape, and then, the liquid composition is prevented from leaking. It is preferable that the liquid composition contains an anorectic.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is characterized by the extravasation of blood into the subarachnoid space, in which erythrocyte lysis is the primary contributor to cell death and brain injuries. New evidence has indicated that meningeal lymphatic vessels (mLVs) are essential in guiding fluid and macromolecular waste from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into deep cervical lymph nodes (dCLNs). However, the role of mLVs in clearing erythrocytes after SAH has not been completely elucidated. Hence, we conducted a cross-species study. Autologous blood was injected into the subarachnoid space of rabbits and rats to induce SAH. Erythrocytes in the CSF were measured with/without deep cervical lymph vessels (dCLVs) ligation. Additionally, prior to inducing SAH, we administered rats with vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C), which is essential for meningeal lymphangiogenesis and maintaining integrity and survival of lymphatic vessels. The results showed that the blood clearance rate was significantly lower after dCLVs ligation in both the rat and rabbit models. DCLVs ligation aggravated neuroinflammation, neuronal damage, brain edema, and behavioral impairment after SAH. Conversely, the treatment of VEGF-C enhanced meningeal lymphatic drainage of erythrocytes and improved outcomes in SAH. In summary, our research highlights the indispensable role of the meningeal lymphatic pathway in the clearance of blood and mediating consequences after SAH.
At Day 0, participants will use their products at the site and saliva samples will be taken at pre-determined timepoints. At home, participants will use their products twice a day for approximately 14 days.
Anorexia and cachexia are common clinical sequelae of uncontrolled, metastatic cancer. These effects can impair physical function, reduce quality of life, impair tolerability of anticancer therapy, and reduce survival. Anorexia and cachexia are especially challenging problems in patients diagnosed with metastatic pancreatic cancer. With an annual incidence approaching 50,000 patients in the U.S. alone, pancreatic cancer has an annual mortality of approximately 40,000 patients with most individuals succumbing to their disease within two years. Between 70-80% of patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer experience cancer cachexia, which has been associated with reduced survival, increased risk of disease progression, and impaired chemotherapy tolerance.

Anamorelin HCl is an orally-active selective ghrelin receptor agonist which has shown anabolic and appetite-stimulating effects. Several randomized, double-blind, clinical trials in cancer patients have shown that anamorelin HCL is safe, efficacious and increases lean body mass, bodyweight, and appetite. Investigators propose to test anamorelin HCL administered with chemotherapy in the first-line treatment of locally advanced unresectable and metastatic pancreatic cancer.

The study is a randomized, placebo controlled multicenter, Phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anamorelin HCl. Approximately 100 patients with be enrolled in a 1:1 randomization to anamorelin HCL 100mg per day given concurrently with first-line chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy alone. Patients randomized to anamorelin HCL will take it daily for 24 weeks starting one day prior to chemotherapy. All patients will undergo an assessment by a certified nutritionist at or prior to their first cycle of chemotherapy. Both body weight and appetite will be measured at enrollment as well as at the initiation of chemotherapy. Patients will be stratified by degree of weight loss in the six months prior to enrollment, choice of first-line chemotherapy, and by baseline score of 5-item Anorexia Symptom Scale.
Participants with HBeAg-positive CHB or HBeAg-negative CHB currently not on OAV treatment, will receive 2 tablets of placebo on the same day once weekly for 24 doses along with TAF 25 mg once daily for 24 weeks. After the 24th dose, placebo will be discontinued, and participants will continue to receive TAF until Week 48/ED. At Week 48, per PI's discretion, participants can continue in the TFFU phase for up to an additional 48 weeks.
MYCN activates canonical MYC targets involved in ribosome biogenesis, protein synthesis, and represses neuronal differentiation genes to drive oncogenesis in neuroblastoma (NB). How MYCN orchestrates global gene expression remains incompletely understood. Our study finds that MYCN binds promoters to up-regulate canonical MYC targets but binds to both enhancers and promoters to repress differentiation genes. MYCN binding also increases H3K4me3 and H3K27ac on canonical MYC target promoters and decreases H3K27ac on neuronal differentiation gene enhancers and promoters. WDR5 facilitates MYCN promoter binding to activate canonical MYC target genes, whereas MYCN recruits G9a to enhancers to repress neuronal differentiation genes. Targeting both MYCN's active and repressive transcriptional activities using both WDR5 and G9a inhibitors synergistically suppresses NB growth. We demonstrate that MYCN cooperates with WDR5 and G9a to orchestrate global gene transcription. The targeting of both these cofactors is a novel therapeutic strategy to indirectly target the oncogenic activity of MYCN.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject therapeutic agent, comprising a mammalian interleukin-1 receptor or its specific fragment as an active ingredient, capable of manifesting excellent suppressing actions on shortening of an alimentary canal due to ulcerative colitis, having high safety and useful for preventing and treating the ulcerative colitis. SOLUTION: This new therapeutic agent for ulcerative colitis comprises (A) a mammalian interleukin-1 receptor (e.g. the one derived from a human) or (B) a fragment of the ingredient (A) including a physiologically active part (e.g. a protein which is a soluble fragment of a human I type interleukin-1 receptor comprising an amino acid sequence of the formula) as an active ingredient. Furthermore, the agent can be intravenously or intramuscularly be administered and prepared as, e.g. a powdery pharmaceutical preparation for injection. The agent is preferably administered in 1-15mg daily dose for an adult, expressed in terms of the amount of the exemplified protein in the ingredient (B).
Patients received 4 cycles of the PGEMOX regimen chemotherapy. Each cycle lasted 3 weeks, with sequential radiotherapy (IMRT, 50-56Gy) administered within 4 weeks after the last chemotherapy cycle.
Airway management can be a life saving therapy. One major complication that may occur during airway management is a lack of oxygen in the blood. If severe or prolonged, this lack of oxygen can result in permanent brain damage, damage to other vital organs or even death. Strategies already exist to help prevent a lack of oxygen in the blood (hypoxemia), however research involving new ways to oxygenate patients may help to minimize the chance of hypoxemia during airway management. Apneic oxygenation is a novel method of delivering oxygen to a patient despite a lack of active respiration (i.e. the patient is not breathing on their own and the investigators are not providing the patient an artificial breath). The simplest and least invasive method to provide apneic oxygenation is the application of oxygen through nasal cannulae during airway management. Several different techniques to provide apneic oxygenation via nasal cannulae have been previously described(1-3), however randomized trials comparing these methods do not exist. This study will examine the change over time of the amount of oxygen dissolved in the blood (PaO2) in each of the three treatment groups: a control group (no apneic oxygenation), a 15 L/min group and a 60 L/min group. This data will help to determine the extent of benefit apneic oxygenation provides in this setting.
Usual training. This group will get the usual specified training for learning to use our electronic health record. Both groups received 12 hours of EPIC classroom training, exposure to the EPIC e-learning modules, user acceptability testing classes, and unlimited time on the EPIC 'playground', a site to practice on virtual patients. All had 90 days of elbow support with an EPIC-training non-physician technician, who were visible and available on all inpatient wards, as well as access to a physician-only support line available at all hours.
A composition is provided to multiply osteoblast using Poncirus trifoliata Rafin extracts, induce differentiation of the osteoblast, to suppress differentiation of osteoclast, to increase formation and maintain of bone and to prevent or treat osteoporosis. A composition for preventing or treating osteoporosis contains Poncirus trifoliata Rafin extracts and a pharmaceutically allowable carrier. The Poncirus trifoliata Rafin extract is manufactured by extracting Poncirus trifoliata Rafin into a C1~C4 of alcohol or a C1~C4 alcohol aqueous solution. A pharmaceutical composition is obtained by concentrating or drying the Poncirus trifoliata Rafin extract. An n-hexane is graduated by adding water and an n-hexane to an obtained extracts. The C1~C4 of alcohol or the C1~C4 alcohol aqueous solution is an ethanol or an ethanol water solution.
The system for producing a micro-cluster liquid from a starting liquid utilizes a cavitation device with a plurality of reverse-fed pump volutes within a housing, where each volute establishes a rotational vortex for spinning the liquid in a circle and directing a liquid stream into a common chamber at a center of the housing. The starting liquid is pumped into the cavitation device at a first pressure and tangentially fed into each volute. The rotational vortex creates a partial vacuum within the spinning liquid so that cavitation bubbles are formed when the liquid exits the volute. The common chamber is maintained at a lower pressure so that the bubbles explode or implode upon exit from the volute to generate shock waves that break molecular bonds in the liquid. The volutes are oriented so that the liquid streams collide with each other within the common chamber, facilitating breakdown of molecular bonds. A discharge line connected to the common chamber carries the liquid out of the housing and into a tank for further processing.
Carcinogenicity studies with decitabine have not been conducted.

The mutagenic potential of decitabine was tested in several in vitroand in vivosystems. Decitabine increased mutation frequency in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells, and mutations were produced in an Escherichia coli lac-Itransgene in colonic DNA of decitabine-treated mice. Decitabine caused chromosomal rearrangements in larvae of fruit flies. 

In male mice given IP injections of 0.15, 0.3 or 0.45 mg/m 2decitabine (approximately 0.3% to 1% the recommended clinical dose) 3 times a week for 7 weeks, decitabine did not affect survival, body weight gain or hematological measures (hemoglobin and white blood cell counts). Testes weights were reduced, abnormal histology was observed and significant decreases in sperm number were found at doses ≥ 0.3 mg/m 2. In females mated to males dosed with ≥ 0.3 mg/m 2decitabine, pregnancy rate was reduced and preimplantation loss was significantly increased.
Patients with a score below 25 on Post traumatic stress scale-10 Intensive Care Screen after discharge from the ICU. Care as usual.
PURPOSE:To obtain a cleansing composition having excellent cleaning activity and rinsing property as well as good feeling in use, and being stable in gel state by blending a system consisting of a phosphoric acid ester based surfactant, a water soluble compound and water with an oily agent and a lipophilic surfactant. CONSTITUTION:0.1-60wt.% phosphoric acid ester expressed by the formula (R<1> is 12-24C hydrocarbon; R<2> is H or methyl; R<3> is H, alkali metal, ammonium having 1-3C alkyl, etc.; R<4> is H, alkali metal, alkanolamino having 1-3C alkyl, etc.; (m) is 0-40) is dissolved in 60wt.% water soluble compound having hydroxyl group prepare a continuous phase. An oil phase containing 10-95wt.% oil phase containing a lipophilic anionic surfactant or a lipophilic nonionic surfactant and oily agent is added thereto and these ingredients are blended. Ingredients ordinarily used in cosmetics, medicines, etc., are properly blended with other ingredients and prepared to provide the objective material. The cosmetic is applicable as face-cleaning agent, cleaning agent, cleaning cream, massage cream, champoo, etc.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a medical information system allowing automatic and accurate acquisition and recording of medical information presented to a medical device or the like.  <P>SOLUTION: An information presentation part 1100 of the medical device 1000 is presented with the medical information such as character string information, graph information or the like. The information presentation part 1100 is stuck with a sheet type scanner 1, and the presented medical information is read. The read medical information is sent to a scanner control part 2, and is inputted to an information processing part 3 as two-dimensional image data. The information processing part 3 analyzes the inputted two-dimensional image data, and converts them into a prescribed data format, sends them to an information recording part 4 and makes the information recording part 4 record them.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Risk of Myocardial Ischemia and/or Infarction and Other Adverse Cardiac Events: ZOMIG should not be given to patients with documented ischemic or vasospastic coronary artery disease (see CONTRAINDICATIONS). It is strongly recommended that zolmitriptan not be given to patients in whom unrecognized coronary artery disease (CAD) is predicted by the presence of risk factors (e.g., hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoker, obesity, diabetes, strong family history of CAD, female with surgical or physiological menopause, or male over 40 years of age) unless a cardiovascular evaluation provides satisfactory clinical evidence that the patient is reasonably free of coronary artery and ischemic myocardial disease or other significant underlying cardiovascular disease. The sensitivity of cardiac diagnostic procedures to detect cardiovascular disease or predisposition to coronary artery vasospasm is modest, at best. If, during the cardiovascular evaluation, the patient’s medical history, electrocardiographic or other investigations reveal findings indicative of, or consistent with, coronary artery vasospasm or myocardial ischemia, zolmitriptan should not be administered (see CONTRAINDICATIONS). For patients with risk factors predictive of CAD, who are determined to have a satisfactory cardiovascular evaluation, it is strongly recommended that administration of the first dose of zolmitriptan take place in the setting of a physician’s office or similar medically staffed and equipped facility unless the patient has previously received zolmitriptan. Because cardiac ischemia can occur in the absence of clinical symptoms, consideration should be given to obtaining on the first occasion of use an electrocardiogram (ECG) during the interval immediately following ZOMIG, in these patients with risk factors.

It is recommended that patients who are intermittent long-term users of ZOMIG and who have or acquire risk factors predictive of CAD, as described above, undergo periodic interval cardiovascular evaluation as they continue to use ZOMIG.

The systematic approach described above is intended to reduce the likelihood that patients with unrecognized cardiovascular disease will be inadvertently exposed to zolmitriptan.
SARIFA (Stroma AReactive Invasion Front Areas) has recently emerged as a promising histopathological biomarker for colon and gastric cancer. To elucidate the underlying tumor biology, we assessed SARIFA-status in tissue specimens from The-Cancer-Genome-Atlas (TCGA) cohorts COAD (colonic adenocarcinoma) and READ (rectal adenocarcinoma). For the final analysis, 207 CRC patients could be included, consisting of 69 SARIFA-positive and 138 SARIFA-negative cases. In this external validation cohort, H&E-based SARIFA-positivity was strongly correlated with unfavorable overall, disease-specific, and progression-free survival, partly outperforming conventional prognostic factors. SARIFA-positivity was not associated with known high-risk genetic profiles, such as BRAF V600E mutations or microsatellite-stable status. Transcriptionally, SARIFA-positive CRCs exhibited an overlap with CRC consensus molecular subtypes CMS1 and CMS4, along with distinct differential gene expression patterns, linked to lipid metabolism and increased stromal cell infiltration scores (SIIS). Gene-expression-based drug sensitivity prediction revealed a differential treatment response in SARIFA-positive CRCs. In conclusion, SARIFA represents the H&E-based counterpart of an aggressive tumor biology, demonstrating a partial overlap with CMS1/4 and also adding a further biological layer related to lipid metabolism. Our findings underscore SARIFA-status as an ideal biomarker for refined patient stratification and novel drug developments, particularly given its cost-effective assessment based on routinely available H&E slides.
Combined maneuver: the upper part of the abdominal cavity was evenly and bilaterally filled with the 0.9% normal saline in the amount of 500 cc. We will leave the fluid in the abdominal cavity. Then, a pulmonary recruitment maneuver consisting of five manual pulmonary inflations was performed with a maximum pressure of 60 cm dihydrogen monoxide (H2O). The anesthesiologist held the fifth positive pressure inflation for approximately 5 seconds.