anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Alogliptin tablets have been studied as monotherapy and in combination with metformin, a sulfonylurea, a thiazolidinedione (either alone or in combination with metformin or a sulfonylurea) and insulin (either alone or in combination with metformin).

A total of 14,053 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomized in 11 double-blind, placebo- or active-controlled clinical safety and efficacy trials conducted to evaluate the effects of alogliptin tablets on glycemic control. The racial distribution of patients exposed to trials medication was 70% White, 17% Asian, 6% Black or African American, 2% American Indian or Alaska Native, 0% Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander and 5% Multiracial or other racial groups. The ethnic distribution was 30% Hispanic or Latino. Patients had an overall mean age of 57 years (range 21 to 91 years).

In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, treatment with alogliptin tablets produced clinically meaningful and statistically significant improvements in hemoglobin A1c (A1C) compared to placebo. As is typical for trials of agents to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, the mean reduction in A1C with alogliptin tablets appears to be related to the degree of A1C elevation at baseline.

Alogliptin tablets had similar changes from baseline in serum lipids compared to placebo.
Among other things, disclosed herein are compositions and methods for using human-isolated or synthetic  Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus altitudinis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis , or  Janthinobacterium lividum . Compositions may improve skin health. Methods may include applying human-isolated or synthetic  Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus altitudinis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis , or  Janthinobacterium lividum  over a host or host area, such as skin or mucosa to minimize the presence of one or more pathogenic microbes, maximize therapeutic effects of one or more additional therapeutics, and/or improve health of a host or host area. A method to minimize a pathogenic microbe may include applying to a surface a composition including human-isolated or synthetic  Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus altitudinis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis , or  Janthinobacterium lividum  and an acceptable carrier. Compositions and methods may include a prebiotic or another microbe to maximize growth and/or metabolites (e.g., resulting from growth of a probiotic). Compositions and methods may include human-isolated or synthetic  Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus altitudinis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis , or  Janthinobacterium lividum  metabolites.
The aim of this study was to investigate both the microbial composition and absolute abundance of clinically relevant bacteria in tissue specimens from patients with chronic suppurative otitis media with cholesteatoma (CSOM with cholesteatoma). Mastoid mucosa and cholesteatoma tissue from eleven subjects with CSOM with cholesteatoma, and mastoid mucosa from ten controls were examined using standard hospital culture swabs, Gram staining, bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing, Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR), and multiplex PCR. Positive results from culture swabs were reported in half the CSOM with cholesteatoma samples and 1 control sample. In contrast, ddPCR detected bacterial genes copies in all 11 mucosa and cholesteatoma of CSOM subjects and 3 control samples. The average bacterial gene copies in tissue samples with CSOM with cholesteaotoma (1.6 ± 0.7 log10) was significantly higher compared to healthy controls (0.3 ± 1.6). These results were corroborated with Gram-staining that identified the large presence of Gram-positive cocci cells in the cholesteatoma tissue of CSOM subjects which were not seen in the mucosa of controls. The most abundant genus detected by sequencing in the mucosa and cholesteatoma of CSOM samples was Anaerococcus (93.5 % of all reads), and genus Meiothermus (0.9 %) in the control sample. The 3 samples with the highest sequencing reads (>300) were further analysed using multiplex PCR to identify the dominant Anaerococcus species. Anaerococcus hydrogenalis was the dominant species identified in these samples. In contract, commonly named ear pathogens, genera Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas, were detected in low numbers (<0.001 % of all sequencing reads) and low prevalence (2/16 samples) in the tissue samples of this study. The results show that culture severely underestimated the bacterial diversity in CSOM samples and investigating tissue rather than standard culture swabs might be advantageous to understanding the disease process. The high abundance of bacteria and the large presence of Gram-positive cells detected in the cholesteatoma tissue of CSOM compared to mucosa of CSOM or controls could be members from the genus Anaerococcus. Anaerococcus may well be a pathogen in CSOM with cholesteatoma, but their role in this condition requires further investigation.
PURPOSE:To permit prepn. of antigens easily without requiring any special aseptic operations by sampling the serous allantois of grown eggs after incubation, breaking the serous allantois cells and separating the same centrifugally. CONSTITUTION:EDS-76 Virus is inoculated to the grown eggs of 12-16 day age of ducks free from EDS antibodies and after 3-7 days of incubation, the serous allantois of the grown eggs are sampled, and a diluent is added thereto and the diluted allantois are pooled. The serous allantois cells are broken and are centrifugally separated. The supernatant is sampled. If the serous allantois are sampled after preservation in a refrigerator overnight since the incubation, the sampling is easy. Phosphoric acid buffers, physiological salt solns., distilled water and water are used for the diluent. Homogenization, freezing-thawing and ultrasonic treatments are suitable for breaking the serous allantois.
A total of 50 adults diagnosed with COPD will be enrolled in this study. Half of the subjects will be randomized to receive home-based pulmonary rehabilitation with the mindful breathing module (intervention group) and half will receive home-based pulmonary rehabilitation (control group). Each subject will be consented and trained and then participate in either the intervention or control group. Both groups entail one week of baseline and twelve weeks of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation (health coaching plus activity monitoring). The intervention group will also receive the mindful breathing module during the twelve weeks of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation. The Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRQ) will be administered at baseline, week 12 (after the intervention) and week 24 as the investigators will follow the patients for 3 months after the intervention to document the sustainability of the effects (behavior change).
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce the subject homogeneous compound stable in high thrombin activity by converting a heparin into a low-molecular weight one in the presence of a metallic salt under specific conditions by using a specified amount of a peroxide. SOLUTION: A heparin is converted into a low-molecular weight one in the presence of a bivalent metallic salt (e.g. a salt such as copper acetate or copper sulfate) by using a peroxide (e.g. hydrogen peroxide) in a weight X based on the weight Z of the heparin and determined by the formula X=Y/100×Z×W [Y is the content % of a sulfate group-substitute uronic acid in the heparin; W is 1-(1/25)] at 60-80 deg.C for 3-8 hr. Thereby, the low-molecular heparin having a 1.5-3.0 activity ratio of the anti-Xa factor activity/antithrombin activity is produced. The reaction is preferably carried out in an aqueous solution at a heparin concentration within the range of 1-10 wt./vol.%. An adequate amount of ascorbic acid or the like, as necessary, may be added to the reactional solution. The reaction is preferably conducted while keeping the pH thereof at 7.5-7.8.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) is a heterogeneous group of genetic neuropathies and is typically characterized by distal muscle weakness, sensory loss, pes cavus and areflexia. Herein we describe a case of CMT2CC presenting with proximal muscle weakness and equivocal electrophysiological features, that was misdiagnosed as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP).
CASE REPORT: A 30-year-old woman complained of proximal muscle weakness with difficulty climbing stairs. Neurological examination showed weakness in lower limb (LL) muscles, that was marked proximally and mild distally, and absence of deep tendon reflexes in the ankles. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) showed sensory-motor neuropathy with non-uniform NC velocity and a partial conduction block (CBs) in peroneal nerve and tibial nerves. Thus, a diagnosis of CIDP was entertained and the patient underwent ineffective treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins. At electrophysiological revaluation CB in peroneal nerve was undetectable as also distal CMAP had decreased whereas the CBs persisted in tibial nerves. Hypothesizing a hereditary neuropathy, we examined the proband's son, who presented mild weakness of distal and proximal muscles at lower limbs. Neurophysiological investigation showed findings consistent with an intermediate-axonal electrophysiological pattern. A targeted-NGS including 136 CMT genes showed the heterozygous frameshift mutation (c.3057dupG; p.K1020fs*43) in the NEFH gene, coding for the neurofilament heavy chain and causing CMT2CC.
INTERPRETATION: Diagnosis of a genetic neuropathy may be challenging when clinical features are atypical and/or electrophysiological features are misleading. The most common misdiagnosis is CIDP. Our report suggests that also CMT2CC patients with proximal muscle weakness and equivocal electrophysiological features might be misdiagnosed as CIDP.
Adolescents, boys and girls, aged 16-19 participated in the pilot testing of the adapted game. PlaySmart is a digital intervention targeted towards preventing opioid misuse in older adolescents. Participants in this arm focused on beta testing character development aspects throughout the game.
Use with xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors: One of the pathways for inactivation of azathioprine is inhibited by XO inhibitors (allopurinol or febuxostat). Patients receiving azathioprine and allopurinol concomitantly should have a dose reduction of azathioprine, to approximately 1/3 to 1/4 the usual dose. Concomitant use of azathioprine with febuxostat is not recommended. Inhibition of XO may cause increased plasma concentrations of azathioprine or its metabolite, 6-MP, leading to toxicity. It is recommended that a further dose reduction or alternative therapies be considered for patients with low or absent TPMT activity receiving azathioprine and xanthine oxidase inhibitors because both TPMT and XO inactivation pathways are affected (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, WARNINGS, PRECAUTIONS: Laboratory Tests and ADVERSE REACTIONS sections).

Use with Aminosalicylates: There is in vitro evidence that aminosalicylate derivatives (e.g., sulphasalazine, mesalazine, or olsalazine) inhibit the TPMT enzyme. Concomitant use of these agents with azathioprine should be done with caution.

Use with Other Agents Affecting Myelopoesis: Drugs which may affect leukocyte production, including co-­trimoxazole, may lead to exaggerated leukopenia, especially in renal transplant recipients.

Use with Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors: The use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors to control hypertension in patients on azathioprine has been reported to induce anemia and severe leukopenia.

Use with Warfarin: Azathioprine may inhibit the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.

Use with Ribavirin: The use of ribavirin for hepatitis C in patients receiving azathioprine has been reported to induce severe pancytopenia and may increase the risk of azathioprine-related myelotoxicity. Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMDH) is required for one of the metabolic pathways of azathioprine. Ribavirin is known to inhibit IMDH, thereby leading to accumulation of an azathioprine metabolite, 6-methylthioionosine monophosphate (6-­MTITP), which is associated with myelotoxicity (neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia). Patients receiving azathioprine with ribavirin should have complete blood counts, including platelet counts, monitored weekly for the first month, twice monthly for the second and third months of treatment, then monthly or more frequently if dosage or other therapy changes are necessary.
The intervention arm will have an intra-operative endoscopy performed per rectum once the anastomosis has been performed. The anastomosis will be graded from 1 to 3 in the endoscopic group. Grade 1 is defined as circumferentially normal appearing peri-anastomotic mucosa. Grade 2 is defined as ischemia or congestion involving \<30% of either the colon or rectal mucosa. Grade 3 is defined as ischemia or congestion involving \>30% of the colon or rectal mucosa or ischemia/congestion involving both sides of the staple line. If appearances are grade 2 a suture re-inforcement or re-anastomosis will be performed; if appearances are grade 3 a re-anastomosis will be performed. Images will be obtained via the endoscopy stack during the assessment.
INTRODUCTION: Focal epilepsy constitutes the most common epilepsy in children, and medical treatment represents the first-line therapy in this condition. The main goal of medical treatment for children and adolescents with epilepsy is the achievement of seizure freedom or, in drug-resistant epilepsies, a significant seizure reduction, both minimizing antiseizure medications (ASM)-related adverse events, thus improving the patient's quality of life. However, up to 20-40% of pediatric epilepsies are refractory to drug treatments. New ASMs came to light in the pediatric landscape, improving the drug profile compared to that of the preexisting ones. Clinicians should consider several factors during the drug choice process, including patient and medication-specific characteristics.
AREAS COVERED: This narrative review aims to summarize the latest evidence on the effectiveness and tolerability of the newest ASMs administered as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy in pediatric epilepsies with focal onset seizures, providing a practical appraisal based on the existing evidence.
EXPERT OPINION: The latest ASMs have the potential to be effective in the pharmacological management of focal onset seizures in children, and treatment choice should consider several drug- and epilepsy-related factors. Future treatments should be increasingly personalized and targeted on patient-specific pathways. Future research should focus on discovering new chemical compounds and repurposing medications used for other indications.
Verapamil Hydrochloride Extended-release Capsules (PM) was evaluated in two placebo-controlled, parallel design, double-blind studies of patients with mild to moderate hypertension. In the clinical trials, 413 evaluable patients were randomized to either placebo, 100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg, or 400 mg and treated for up to 8 weeks. Verapamil Hydrochloride Extended-release Capsules (PM) or placebo was given once daily between 9 pm and 11 pm (nighttime) and blood pressure changes were measured with 36-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). The results of these studies demonstrate that Verapamil Hydrochloride Extended-release Capsules (PM), at 200, 300, and 400 mg, is a consistently and significantly more effective antihypertensive agent than placebo in reducing ambulatory blood pressures. Over this dose range, the placebo-subtracted net decreases in diastolic BP at trough (averaged over 6-10 pm) were dose-related, and ranged from 3.8 to 10.0 mm Hg after 8 weeks of therapy. Although Verapamil Hydrochloride Extended-release Capsules (PM) 100 mg was not effective in reducing diastolic BP at trough when measured by ABPM, efficacy was demonstrated in reducing diastolic BP when measured manually at trough and peak and, from 6 am to 12 noon and over 24 hours when measured by ABPM [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) for titration schedule].

There were no apparent treatment differences between patient subgroups of different age (older or younger than 65 years), sex and race. For severity of hypertension, "moderate" hypertensives (mean daytime diastolic BP ≥ 105 mm Hg and ≤ 114 mm Hg) appeared to respond better than "mild" hypertensives (mean daytime diastolic BP ≥ 90 mm Hg and ≤ 104 mm Hg). However, sample size for the subgroup comparisons were limited.
An epitope in the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase that is conserved among HIV strains and that is recognized by both murine and human cytotoxic T cells has been identified. Peptides that are derived from this epitope and that are capable of eliciting cytotoxic T cells that kill cells that express reverse transcriptase are provided. Test kits and meth-ods for identifying HIV-infected individuals using the peptides are also provided. The optimal antigenic side of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, which was identified using a murine antigen-specific CD8 + Class I MHC-molecule-restricted cytotoxic T-cell line, includes residues 203-219. This peptide was recognized by cytotoxic lymphocytes from HIV seropositive individuals, but not by cytotoxic lymphocytes from seronegative individuals, and, thus provide a means for diagnosing HIV infection. Test kits and methods for identifying HIV-infected individuals using the peptides are provided. Peptides that include this antigenic site provide a means for producing an immunologic response against a broad range of HIV, and, therefore may be useful for inclusion in an AIDS vaccine. Compositions that contain these peptides and that are formulated for parenteral administration are provided.
A buguzhi composition has a buguzhi agent and a carrier. The buguzhi agent can have a buguzhi extract derived from buguzhi or a buguzhi component. The carrier of the buguzhi composition can be any suitable material, such as a collagen matrix. When the buguzhi agent and the carrier are applied to a bone defect, the buguzhi agent can promote bone healing by increasing the amount of new bone formation. The buguzhi agent can be derived from the raw material of buguzhi by various processes, such as extraction. The buguzhi agent can be mixed with a suitable carrier, such as a collagen material, to form a buguzhi composition. The resulting buguzhi agent and composition can be applied directly on to a defect part of a patient.
Participants will consume their normal 'habitual' diet for seven days which will be compared to their habitual diet recorded by a three day food diary before commencing the two diets. Participants will be instructed to carry on as normal and eat their usual diet and this period will be used as a comparator to the high-fat diet. They will also be told to record their food intake for 3 days during the diet to quantify their control diet.
FIELD: medicine, oncology, immunology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to new immunotoxins and methods of treatment of patients with neoplastic (tumor) sicknesses. These immunotoxins are formed by conjugation of antigen-binding range and showing specificity binding with respect to protein C33 and gelonine (growth cell modulating agent) and they are components of a pharmaceutical composition. Immunotoxins of these invention kill tumor cells that show expression of antigen C33 being specifically and selectively. Therefore, new immunotoxins can be used for treatment of patients with acute and chronic leukosis and other myelodisplastic syndromes. Method and composition provide tumor growth delay by administration of a pharmaceutical composition of this invention in tumor cells. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment. 11 cl, 8 dwg, 8 ex
SAVE is a \~30-minute, self-administered, web-based program that uses components of cognitive behavior therapy and dialectical behavior therapy designed to decrease self-injurious behaviors in youth. The Project SAVE SSI has 4 general content sections: (1) explaining the science behind how changing your actions (i.e. decreasing self-injurious behaviors) can positively impact your emotions over time; (2) providing scientific evidence and testimonials from other teens that have successfully decreased their self-injurious behaviors and noticed positive change as a result; (3) evidence-based tips for overcoming common obstacles to decreasing self-injurious behaviors in day to day life; and (4) offering an opportunity for youth to share their own thoughts and advice on what they have learned with other teenagers who are facing similar challenges.
BACKGROUND: T-wave memory (TWM) is a rare cause of T-wave inversion (TWI). Alterations in ventricular activation due to abnormal depolarization may cause repolarization abnormalities on the ECG, even if myocardial conduction returns to normal. These repolarization changes are defined as TWM. In our study, we aimed to determine the frequency of TWM development and the predictors affecting it in the pediatric population who underwent accessory pathway (AP) ablation due to Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome.
METHODS: The data of patients with manifest AP who underwent electrophysiological studies and ablation between 2015 and 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The study included 180 patients who were under 21 years of age and had at least one year of follow-up after ablation. Patients with structural heart disease, intermittent WPWs, recurrent ablation, other arrhythmia substrates, and those with less than one-year follow-up were excluded from the study. The ECG data of the patients before the procedure, in the first 24 h after the procedure, three months, and in the first year were recorded. The standard ablation technique was used in all patients.
RESULTS: Postprocedure TWM was observed in 116 (64.4%) patients. Ninety-three patients (51.7%) had a right-sided AP, and 87 patients (48.3%) had a left-sided AP. The presence of posteroseptal AP was found to be significantly higher in the group that developed TWM. Of these patients, 107 (93.1%) patients showed improvement at the end of the first year. Preprocedural absolute QRS-T angle, postprocedural PR interval, and right posteroseptal pathway location were identified as predictors of TWM.
CONCLUSION: The development of TWM is particularly associated with the right-sided pathway location, especially the right posteroseptal pathway location. The predictors of TWM are the preprocedural QRS-T angle, the postprocedural PR interval, and the presence of the right posteroseptal AP.