anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVES: To investigate if the sport concussion assessment tool version 5 (SCAT5) could be suitable for application to Para athletes with a visual impairment, a spinal cord injury, or a limb deficiency.
METHODS: A 16-member expert panel performed a Delphi technique protocol. The first round encompassed an open-ended questionnaire, with round 2 onwards being composed of a series of closed-ended statements requiring each expert's opinion using a five-point Likert scale. A predetermined threshold of 66% was used to decide whether agreement had been reached by the panel.
RESULTS: The Delphi study resulted in a four-round process. After round 1, 92 initial statements were constructed with 91 statements obtaining the targeted level of agreement by round 4. The expert panellist completion rate of the full four-round process was 94%. In the case of athletes with a suspected concussion with either limb deficiencies or spinal cord injuries, the panel agreed that a baseline assessment would be needed on record is ideal before a modified SCAT5 assessment. With respect to visual impairments, it was conceded that some tests were either difficult, infeasible or should be omitted entirely depending on the type of visual impairment.
CONCLUSION: It is proposed that the SCAT5 could be conducted on athletes with limb deficiencies or spinal cord injuries with some minor modifications and by establishing a baseline assessment to form a comparison. However, it cannot be recommended for athletes with visual impairment in its current form. Further research is needed to determine how potential concussions could be more effectively evaluated in athletes with different impairments.
The stemless humeral component is manufactured from Ti6Al4V alloy. It consists of a central tapered region and six outer wings. The taper has a machine finish and accepts the taper adaptor of the humeral head component. A small groove is included just below the taper to accept an inserter/impactor. The bone-contacting outer surface features a porous coating of plasma-sprayed titanium alloy for cementless fixation in the proximal humerus. Six sizes are available - 30 mm, 32 mm, 34 mm, 36 mm, 38 mm, and 40 mm.
The investigators initiate this open, randomized, left-right comparative study to evaluate the efficacy of pulsed ultrasound in the treatment of vitiligo on the face or trunk. Face is included in this study because vitiliginous lesions on the face has a better treatment response and causes more psychological distress on the patients than vitiligo affecting other body areas. Thirty adult subjects with vitiligo affecting the face or trunk symmetrically will be recruited. After randomization, subjects will be administrated their ulrasound treatment twice a week for 24 weeks. Their original topical treatment and/or phototherapy will be continued. During follow-up visits, digital photographs will be taken for evaluating the extent of residual depigmentation. In vivo harmonic microscopy and three skin biopsy specimens will be performed at the indicated time points on the depigmented, repigmented areas and surrounding normal skin.
Multiple lines of evidence at whole animal, cellular and molecular levels implicate polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) with three rings as drivers of crude oil toxicity to developing fish. Phenanthrene (P0) and its alkylated homologs (C1- through C4-phenanthrenes) comprise the most prominent subfraction of tricyclic PACs in crude oils. Among this family, P0 has been studied intensively, with more limited detail available for the C4-phenanthrene 1-methyl-7-isopropyl-phenanthrene (1-M,7-IP, or retene). While both compounds are cardiotoxic, P0 impacts embryonic cardiac function and development through direct blockade of K+ and Ca2+ currents that regulate cardiomyocyte contractions. In contrast, 1-M,7-IP dysregulates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) activation in developing ventricular cardiomyocytes. Although no other compounds have been assessed in detail across the larger family of alkylated phenanthrenes, increasing alkylation might be expected to shift phenanthrene family member activity from K+/Ca2+ ion current blockade to AHR activation. Using embryos of two distantly related fish species, zebrafish and Atlantic haddock, we tested 14 alkyl-phenanthrenes in both acute and latent developmental cardiotoxicity assays. All compounds were cardiotoxic, and effects were resolved into impacts on multiple, highly specific aspects of heart development or function. Craniofacial defects were clearly linked to developmental cardiotoxicity. Based on these findings, we suggest a novel framework to delineate the developmental toxicity of petrogenic PAC mixtures in fish, which incorporates multi-mechanistic pathways that produce interactive synergism at the organ level. In addition, relationships among measured embryo tissue concentrations, cytochrome P4501A mRNA induction, and cardiotoxic responses suggest a two-compartment toxicokinetic model that independently predicts high potency of PAC mixtures through classical metabolic synergism. These two modes of synergism, specific to the sub-fraction of phenanthrenes, are sufficient to explain the high embryotoxic potency of crude oils, independent of as-yet unmeasured compounds in these complex environmental mixtures.
Under commercial conditions, chicks hatch within a 24 to 48 h window, a period known as the hatching window. Subsequently, they undergo various treatments before finally being transported to the broiler farm. These procedures may delay the chicks' access to food and water, sometimes receiving them as late as 72 h after hatching. Previous studies have indicated that fasting during this initial period is detrimental, leading to impaired body growth, compromised immune system response, and hindered muscle development. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of early posthatch feeding on immune system organs and selected hematological, biochemical, and hormonal parameters. The experiment utilized Ross 308 broiler eggs incubated under typical commercial hatchery conditions. The experimental group's eggs were hatched in HatchCare hatchers (HC) with immediate access to feed and water, while the control group's eggs were hatched under standard conditions (ST). Thirty chickens from each group were assessed on the 1st (D1), 7th (D7), 21st (D21), and 35th (D35) day after hatching. On D1, the HC group exhibited lower hemoglobin, hematocrit, and total serum protein values, suggesting that early access to water prevents initial dehydration in newborn chicks. Conversely, the ST group showed a stress reaction on D1 due to feed deprivation, leading to an almost 2-fold higher serum corticosterone concentration compared to the HC group. However, this increase did not result in a significant change in the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio. Furthermore, the HC group displayed an increase in triglyceride concentration and a decrease in HDL concentration on D1. On D7, the HC group exhibited an increased relative weight of the bursa and a higher CD4+ cell number in the cecal tonsil (CT), indicating a more rapid development of these organs resulting from early stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract. However, early feeding did not influence the numbers of Bu-1+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells or the germinal center (GC) areas in the spleen. In conclusion, early feeding contributes to the welfare of newborn chicks by reducing dehydration and stress levels and stimulating the development of gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
Sexual violence perpetration is robustly associated with social contexts that support high levels of alcohol consumption. Beginning in 2007, the Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS) developed and field-tested the Safer Bars curriculum with support from the CDC Rape Prevention and Education (RPE) funding program. Safer Bars is a bystander prevention training for staff of alcohol serving establishments. This application proposes a theory-driven, quasi-experimental effectiveness evaluation based at The University of Arizona. Our approach is significant because few evaluations have measured behavioral outcomes as well as the mediators that explain the observed changes in bystander behavior, or community-level outcomes associated with such interventions. Specific Aims: the specific aims are to: (1) Test a hypothesized mediational model of individual-level behavioral outcomes based on the Theory of Planned Behavior; (2) assess the effect of the program on bar-level risk management safety policies; and (3) examine the community-level impact of the Safer Bars program on reducing the number of police dispatches in areas with high densities of alcohol-serving establishments. Methods: A cluster-randomized trial design with crossover to randomize participants at the bar level into intervention and delayed intervention arms is proposed. Assessments are at baseline, completion of training, and at three and six months post-training. The sample bars will be selected within a three-mile radius of the three major Arizona universities, all of which have a high density of alcohol-serving establishments adjacent to campus. Our analytical model will assess a hypothesized moderated mediational model based in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Outcomes of interest include: (a) the extent to which Behavioral Intent, the central construct of TPB, mediates bar staff performance of intended bystander behaviors at three-month follow-up and the extent to which this relationship is moderated by personal characteristics and bar environment; (b) the effects of the program on bar-level risk management patron safety policies; and, (c) the community-level effects as demonstrated by number of police dispatches in areas with a high density of alcohol-serving establishments at baseline and at the end of the project using GIS data. With evidence of efficacy, Safer Bars is feasible for scale-up without excessive financial burden in other states, which all receive RPE funding.
Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequently oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis that contribute to neuronal cytotoxicity and degeneration. Huntington's (HD), Alzheimer's (AD), and Parkinson's (PD) diseases are three of the major neurodegenerative diseases. To date, researchers have found various natural phytochemicals that could potentially be used to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Particularly, the application of natural phenolic compounds has gained significant traction in recent years, driven by their various biological activities and therapeutic efficacy in human health. Polyphenols, by modulating different cellular functions, play an important role in neuroprotection and can neutralize the effects of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in animal models. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge on phenolic compounds, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes, and coumarins, as well as their beneficial effects on human health. We further provide an overview of the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action of natural dietary phenolics in curing neurodegenerative diseases in animal models.
A quasi-experimental design with nonequivalent control was adopted in a senior center. The intervention for control group was a 12 consecutive 90-minute weekly nutritional groups that included nutrition classes (lecture and discussion).
PURPOSE: To provide a surgical strategy for small oroantral communication closure and bone regeneration that can meet the needs of an effective, less invasive, and simpler operation by utilizing procedures and biomaterials commonly employed in guided bone regeneration techniques. The primary goal was to close the communication, while the second aim was to achieve bone regeneration.
METHODS: This retrospective and monocentric case series was conducted using data from the medical records of 12 subjects with oroantral communications and bone deficits greater than 3 mm who were treated with a heterologous cortico-cancellous graft covered in resorbable collagen membranes. The primary outcome was communication closure, whereas the secondary outcome was bone augmentation, which was demonstrated radiographically and clinically.
RESULTS: Twelve individuals were treated consecutively for oroantral communication closure. The subjects consisted of eight men and four women. The mean age was 57.5 years. Closure was effective in all 12 subjects, and radiographic examination after 6 months revealed bone reformation in all cases. This procedure effectively isolated the maxillary sinus from the mouth cavity, resulting in seal and healing, as well as bone regeneration.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Small oroantral communications are frequent in dentistry, often requiring special expertise and interventions that affect patient morbidity. The use of a heterologous cortico-cancellous graft covered with resorbable collagen membranes can allow effective closure of the small communication, preventing migration of pathological epithelia while increasing the bone ridge.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To carry out cytoprotection and control of growth and repair (restoration) of mammalian gastro-intestinal tissue.  <P>SOLUTION: A novel group of gastrokines called Gastric Antrum Mucosal Protein is characterized. A member of the group is designated AMP-18. AMP-18 genomic DNA, cDNA and the AMP-18 protein are sequenced for human, mouse and pig. The AMP-18 protein and active peptides derived from it are cellular growth factors. Surprisingly, peptides inhibiting the effects of the complete protein, are also derived from the AMP-18 protein. Cytoprotection and control of mammalian gastro-intestinal tissue growth and repair (restoration) is facilitated by the use of the proteins, making the proteins candidates for therapies in inflammatory bowel disease and gastric ulcers.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
A 12-week peer-led behavioural intervention that supports increased physical activity. It will consist of 3 weekly contacts between participants and peer mentors that will be a mix of in-person, virtual, and texting. The intervention components and communication between adolescents and peer mentors with T1D will be guided by SDT, and designed to overcome the key psychosocial barriers to PA. The peer mentors that complete the training will deliver a 12-week intervention to increase behavioural skills that foster autonomy for goal setting and overcoming barriers to PA.
The present invention provides a method for typing of alleles of the Minor Histocompatibility Antigen HA-1 in a sample. The method comprises: a) contacting the genomic polynucleic acids in the sample with at least one pair of primers, whereby the 5 1 - and/or the 3 1 -primer of the at least one pair of primers specifically hybridize to target regions comprising polymorphic nucleotides in the alleles, and performing an amplification reaction; b) for each of the at least one pair of primers detecting whether or not in step a) an amplification product is formed; c) inferring from the result of step b) which HA-1 allele is present in the sample. The present invention also provides a method for genomic typing of alleles of the Minor Histocompatibility Antigen HA-1 in a sample. This method comprises: a) amplifying a fragment of the alleles, with the fragment comprising at least one polymorphic nucleotide, by use of at least one pair of primers specifically hybridizing to conserved target region comprising one or more polymorphic nucleotides in the allele; c) inferring from the result of step b) which HA-1 allele is present in the sample. In addition, the present invention provides primers and probes for use in the above-mentioned methods. Diagnostic kits enabling the methods are also provided.
Penicillin G Potassium for Injection, USP is a natural penicillin. Penicillin G Potassium for Injection, USP is a sterile, pyrogen-free powder for reconstitution. Penicillin G Potassium for Injection, USP is an antibacterial agent for intramuscular, continuous intravenous drip, intrapleural or other local infusion, and intrathecal administration. Chemically, Penicillin G Potassium for Injection, USP is monopotassium (2S,5R,6R) -3,3-dimethyl-7- oxo-6- (2-phenylacetamido) -4-thia-1- azabicyclo (3.2.0) heptane-2-carboxylate. It has a molecular weight of 372.48 and the following structural formula:

Penicillin G potassium is a colorless or white crystal, or a white crystalline powder which is odorless, or practically so, and moderately hygroscopic. Penicillin G potassium is very soluble in water. The pH of the reconstituted product is between 6.0-8.5. Penicillin G potassium is buffered with sodium citrate to an optimum pH.

Penicillin G Potassium for Injection, USP is supplied in vials equivalent to 1,000,000 units (1 million units), 5,000,000 units (5 million units), for intramuscular and intravenous use or 20,000,000 units (20 million units), for intravenous use only, of penicillin G as the potassium salt. Each million units contains approximately 6.9 milligrams of sodium (0.3 mEq) and 65.8 milligrams of potassium (1.68 mEq).
Approximately 550,000 babies born prematurely each year in the United States suffer from birth at a time in development when the respiratory tract and immune system would normally be protected and maintained in a naïve state. This project is a component of the NIH Prematurity and Respiratory Outcomes Program (PROP) whose goals are the identification of disease mechanisms and biomarkers to stratify premature infants, at the time of discharge, for their risk of subsequent pulmonary morbidity. This Clinical Research Center (CRC) project will investigate prematurity-dependent alterations in cellular innate and adaptive immune systems resulting in increased susceptibility to respiratory infections and environmental irritants, and leading to respiratory morbidity in the first year of life. Prior studies have established developmental (maturity) and disease-related changes in circulating and pulmonary lymphocyte populations but a comprehensive assessment of their relationship to disease risk/outcome has not been undertaken. We hypothesize that cellular and molecular immuno-maturity is altered due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors presented by premature birth in such a way as to reduce resistance to viral infections and to promote cytotoxic damage to the lung. We will evaluate immunologic maturity by comprehensively phenotyping lymphocyte populations in peripheral blood sampled at premature delivery, at the time of discharge from the hospital and at twelve months corrected age. The lymphocytic phenotype will be analyzed particularly in the context of gestational age and maternal-fetal stressors capable of modulating oxidative stress (oxygen exposure, infection and environmental tobacco smoke exposure). Additionally, we will assess changes in the molecular phenotype of isolated CD8 lymphocytes, a cell type preferentially recruited to the lungs of premature infants and capable of contributing to disease pathogenesis, by genome-wide expression profiling, in order to uncover novel disease pathways and define a gene expression signature associated with disease risk. Finally, we propose to build a statistical model, using cellular and molecular phenotypes and additional clinical variables, for stratifying risk of lung morbidity within the first year of life.
Atovaquone has shown prophylactic potential in adults in the treatment of PCP but is poorly absorbed in tablet form. To improve the bioavailability of atovaquone, a new formulation has been prepared as a microparticulate suspension. Since studies in adults have demonstrated substantial safety of this drug, evaluation in children is being pursued.

Three cohorts of four patients each (ages 2-12 years, 3 months to less than 2 years, and 1 month to less than 3 months) receive atovaquone daily for 12 days. The oldest age group is treated first. In the absence of unacceptable toxicity, the dose of atovaquone is escalated in subsequent 4-patient cohorts representing each of the age stratifications and (per 9/30/94 amendment) in a separate 4-patient cohort aged 3 months to less than 2 years. If two of four patients in a given cohort experience unacceptable toxicity at the initial dose, two additional patients in the same age range are entered. Blood samples are drawn for pharmacokinetic evaluation. Patients are followed to day 24. Per 9/30/94 amendment, patients aged 3 months to less than 2 years of age who received one of the lower doses may re-enroll in the higher dose cohort after a 1-month washout.
Anhedonia and amotivation are core symptoms of schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Reward processing involves constructing and contrasting the representations for expected value (EV) and outcome value (OV) of a given stimulus, a phenomenon termed range adaptation. Impaired range adaptation can lead to anhedonia and amotivation. This study aimed to examine range adaptation in SCZ patients and MDD patients. Fifty SCZ, 46 MDD patients and 56 controls completed the Effort-based Pleasure Experience Task to measure EV and OV adaptation. SCZ and MDD patients showed altered range adaptation, albeit in different patterns. SCZ patients exhibited over-adaptation to OV and reduced adaptation to EV. By contrast, MDD patients exhibited diminished OV adaptation but intact EV adaptation. Both OV and EV adaptation were correlated with anhedonia and amotivation in SCZ and MDD. Taken together, our findings suggest that range adaptation is altered in both SCZ and MDD patients. Associations of OV and EV adaptation with anhedonia and amotivation were consistently found in SCZ and MDD patients. Impaired range adaptation in SCZ and MDD patients may be putative neural mechanisms and potential intervention targets for anhedonia and amotivation.
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a significant global health challenge, necessitating innovative approaches for primary prevention. Personalized prevention, based on genetic risk scores (PRS) and digital technologies, holds promise in revolutionizing CVD preventive strategies. However, the clinical efficacy of these interventions requires further investigation. This study presents the protocol of the INNOPREV randomized controlled trial, aiming to evaluate the clinical efficacy of PRS and digital technologies in personalized cardiovascular disease prevention.
METHODS: The INNOPREV trial is a four-arm RCT conducted in Italy. A total of 1,020 participants, aged 40-69 with high 10-year CVD risk based on SCORE 2 charts, will be randomly assigned to traditional CVD risk assessment, genetic testing (CVD PRS), digital intervention (app and smart band), or a combination of genetic testing and digital intervention. The primary objective is to evaluate the efficacy of providing CVD PRS information, measured at baseline, either alone or in combination with the use of an app and a smart band, on two endpoints: changes in lifestyle patterns, and modification in CVD risk profiles. Participants will undergo a comprehensive assessment and cardiovascular evaluation at baseline, with follow-up visits at one, five, and 12 months. Lifestyle changes and CVD risk profiles will be assessed at different time points beyond the initial assessment, using the Life's Essential 8 and SCORE 2, respectively. Blood samples will be collected at baseline and at study completion to evaluate changes in lipid profiles. The analysis will employ adjusted mixed-effect models for repeated measures to assess significant differences in the data collected over time. Additionally, potential moderators and mediators will be examined to understand the underlying mechanisms of behavior change.
DISCUSSION: As the largest trial in this context, the INNOPREV trial will contribute to the advancement of personalized cardiovascular disease prevention, with the potential to positively impact public health and reduce the burden of CVDs on healthcare systems. By systematically examining the clinical efficacy of PRS and digital interventions, this trial aims to provide valuable evidence to guide future preventive strategies and enhance population health outcomes.