anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The study examines the effectiveness of a computer-based self-help-program for individuals with problematic and pathological gambling behavior. The main objective of the study is to investigate the extent to which the online program leads to a significant reduction in pathological gambling. The primary outcome is the PG-Y-BOCS as a measure of the severity of pathological gambling symptoms. Secondary outcomes are rates of depression, measured with the PHQ-9 as well as gambling-specific cognitive biases, measured with the GABS. The program is expected to lead to a significant reduction in problematic/pathological gambling behavior (PG-Y-BOCS) and also to declines in both depressive symptoms (PHQ-9) and gambling-specific cognitive biases (GABS). The study is conducted as a randomized-controlled trial with one intervention group and one wait-list control group. The intervention group receives the login data directly following the baseline survey and can use the program over a period of 8 weeks, whereas the wait-list control group receives access to the program after completion of the post-survey.
Tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1) plays important roles in regulating innate immunity. However, the precise role of TSC1 in macrophages in the regulation of oxidative stress response and hepatic inflammation in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) remains unknown. In a mouse model of liver I/R injury, deletion of myeloid-specific TSC1 inhibited AKT and MST1 phosphorylation, and decreased NRF2 accumulation, whereas activated TLR4/NF-κB pathway, leading to increased hepatic inflammation. Adoptive transfer of AKT- or MST1-overexpressing macrophages, or Keap1 disruption in myeloid-specific TSC1-knockout mice promoted NRF2 activation but reduced TLR4 activity and mitigated I/R-induced liver inflammation. Mechanistically, TSC1 in macrophages promoted AKT and MST1 phosphorylation, and protected NRF2 from Keap1-mediated ubiquitination. Furthermore, overexpression AKT or MST1 in TSC1-knockout macrophages upregulated NRF2 expression, downregulated TLR4/NF-κB, resulting in reduced inflammatory factors, ROS and inflammatory cytokine-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis. Strikingly, TSC1 induction in NRF2-deficient macrophages failed to reverse the TLR4/NF-κB activity and production of pro-inflammatory factors. Conclusions: Macrophage TSC1 promoted the activation of the AKT/MST1 signaling pathway, increased NRF2 levels via reducing Keap1-mediated ubiquitination, and modulated oxidative stress-driven inflammatory responses in liver I/R injury. Our findings underscore the critical role of macrophage TSC1 as a novel regulator of innate immunity and imply the therapeutic potential for the treatment of sterile liver inflammation in transplant recipients. Schematic illustration of macrophage TSC1-mediated AKT/MST1/NRF2 signaling pathway in I/R-triggered liver inflammation. Macrophage TSC1 can be activated in I/R-stressed livers. TSC1 activation promotes phosphorylation of AKT and MST1, which in turn increases NRF2 expression and inhibits ROS production and TLR4/NF-κB activation, resulting in reduced hepatocellular apoptosis in I/R-triggered liver injury.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood mental health disorders, affecting 7-9% of youth and leading to substantial impairment in adolescence. Despite evidence suggesting that behavioral interventions are efficacious, 41-60% of adolescents receiving behavioral treatment show little to no improvement and skills are rarely generalized beyond treatment sessions. Lack of adolescent motivation and engagement, between-session skills use, reward saliency, and family involvement are key contributors to these limited effects. Mobile digital health strategies and gamification techniques offer transformative opportunities for overcoming the barriers of evidence-based treatments specific to ADHD by using interactive tools to reinforce in-vivo skill practice, providing opportunities for immediate reinforcement, and motivating adolescents with digital rewards. The goal of this proposal is to develop and evaluate an online platform tool that will support clinician-directed behavioral treatment for adolescents with ADHD by improving executive functioning skills acquisition and utilization, providing in-vivo skills reinforcement, and monitoring adolescents' skill utilization. This study will use an empirically supported intervention specifically designed to address the domains of impairment frequently experienced by adolescents with ADHD. This study will use an iterative stakeholder-centered design to develop, refine, and preliminarily test a scalable digital health tool, applied as an adjunct to behavioral treatment for adolescents with ADHD. This includes focus groups with key stakeholders (Define), extended formative usage evaluation (Refine), and an open preliminary feasibility trial and usability testing (Pilot). Our goal is to develop and preliminary test an online platform that increases engagement, skills generalization, and family involvement in an empirically-supported organization skills intervention for adolescents with ADHD.
Nitrogen (N) is essential for the physiological processes of plants. However, the specific mechanisms by which different nitrogen forms influence rice blast pathogenesis remain poorly understood. This study used hydroponic assays to explore how ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) affect rice after inoculation with Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae). The results showed that NH4+, compared to NO3-, significantly reduced disease severity, fungal growth, fungal hyphae number, the expansion capacity of infectious hyphae, and disease-related loss of photosynthesis. Additionally, NH4+ enhanced the expression of defense-related genes, including OsPBZ1, OsCHT1, OsPR1a, and OsPR10. NH4+-treated rice also exhibited higher hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation and increased antioxidant enzyme activities. Moreover, susceptibility to rice blast disease increased when H2O2 was scavenged, while a reduction in susceptibility was observed with the application of exogenous H2O2. These results suggest that ammonium enhances rice resistance to M. oryzae, potentially through H2O2 accumulation. The findings provide valuable insights into how different nitrogen forms affect plant immunity in rice, which is crucial for controlling rice blast and ensuring stable food production.
Patients undergo EBRT as in Arm I and receive cisplatin IV over 1-2 hours on days 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29. Patients then undergo brachytherapy as in Arm I.
NEW MATERIAL:A plasmid (pEAP7DELTAP plasmid shown in Fig. I) having a DNA region capable of giving extracellular secretion promoting action of a useful physiologically active substance, e.g. xylanase, to a host cell and a promoter DNA region capable of regulating the expression of the DNA region and microorganism, e.g. Escherichia coli HB101, transformed by the plasmid. USE:Production of enzymes, hormones, immunologically active substances, etc. PREPARATION:A chromosome DNA of Bacillus sp. No.170 is treated with a restriction enzyme to give a plasmid pEAP1 shown in Fig. 2. Natural deciduation of 4kb therefrom is carried out to afford a pEAP3 plasmid, which is then treated with a restriction enzyme to give the above-mentioned pEAP7DELTAP plasmid. The resultant plasmid is then added to a cultivated cell suspension of Escherichia coli HB101 in LB culture medium, e.g. trypton, reacted while cooling with ice and incorporated in the cell to transform the cell.
Target lesions will be treated with preoperative SBRT consisting of biologically effective dose (BED10) of 50.4 - 81.6 Gy delivered in either three fractions or a single fraction. Active sparing of the intended surgical approach will be incorporated into the radiation plan by creating an avoidance structure. Surgical stabilization will proceed within 1 week of completion of radiotherapy. Pathologic specimens will be obtained intraoperatively via existing surgical access for histologic and molecular analysis. An optional research MRI with perfusion will be performed within 30 days prior to radiation simulation and within one-week after radiation therapy using 3T scanner. If patients receive radiation simulation at a non-MSK Manhattan site, MRI with Perfusion will not be performed.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a radiogram-reading request terminal with which operation of a radiogram-reading request is simplified and the number of times of erroneous radiogram-reading requests are reduced or eliminated and operation of inputting patient information at an operation center is eliminated and which can be applied to a machine kind of DICOM (digital imaging and communications in medicine) and that of non-DICOM.  <P>SOLUTION: A medical image is captured from a medical image diagnostic apparatus by operating a "(1) image capture" button B1 on a main operation screen of the radiogram-reading request terminal, and image information on a request slip is captured from a scanner by operating a "(2) request slip capture" button B2. The patient information such as a name of the patient extracted from the medical image of a single patient is displayed in a patient information input defining frame 4. Similarly, the request slip (image information) of the single patient is displayed in a request slip image display frame 3. After confirming the medical image and the request slip belong to the same patient by means of these frames 3 and 4, when "(3) patient definition" button B3 is operated, a single folder where the medical image and the request slip are integrated is prepared and held as an un-transmitted folder. Then, when "(4) batch transmission" button B4 is operated, the un-transmitted folder is batch transmitted.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
The project to collaborate with the DRC is initiated from an ambition of the pelvic-perineal rehabilitation unit of the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa) to change the situation in relation to women and to be able to offer adequate care for this population. The project is part of collaboration with two investigators: Professor Miangindula (Université de Kinshasa, UNIKIN) in DRC and Professor Bertuit (HESAV-HES-SO) in Lausanne (Switzerland). Four partners will take part in the project enabling a competent and strong team: Professor Feipel and Professor Foucart (Université Libre de Bruxelles, ULB) in Brussels (Belgium), Doctor Abdulcadir (Hôpital Universitaire de Genève, HUG) and Professor Mukwege in Bukavu (DRC). This project pursues two objectives: firstly, to assess clinical data of pelvic floor dysfunction (pelvic floor muscle function and urinary, sexual, gynaecological, and anal function) and psychological level in women victims of CRSV compared to women not victims of CRSV in the DRC. Secondly, to investigate the current care modalities and to analyse their needs (access to care, community integration, physiotherapy, etc.) and to understand the global context of care in DRC. The project will contribute to scientific capacity building by involving two PhD students in this research. A mixed method research will include a quantitative design, an observational study in a sample of women victims of CRSV (n = 371) and a control group of women not victims of CRSV (n = 371). Outcomes on urinary, sexual, gynaecological, anorectal and psychological aspects will be collected. This study includes a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. Individual semi-structured interviews will be conducted with women victims of CRSV (n=10). Interview topics will be complemented with quantitative data and will lead to the following themes: experiences of CRSV, consequences of CRSV on body image, and modalities and needs for caring of these consequences. Two focus groups including eight medical health professionals will complete the qualitative data collection. The project will be realized over three years in the most affected provinces of the DRC: South and North Kivu. The method for cross-referencing data will be the Sequential Explanatory Method described by Creswell (2013).
After the induction period of two weeks, the patients with primary aldosteronism were randomized in an equal ratio to receive spironolactone 20mg once daily. Patients received the initial dose (20mg, week 0) of drug for the first two weeks of randomized treatments period. Thereafter, the dose of spironolactone would not be changed for the adequate blood pressure (BP) control and the normal serum potassium. For patients not meeting BP \< 140/90mmHg and the serum potassium ≥ 3.5 mmol/L, the dose of finernone would be increased to 40mg once daily for the second 2 weeks later (week 2) and 60 mg 4 weeks later (week 4), respectively. the whole treatment period was 8 weeks. if blood pressure \> 160/110 mmHg during the clinical trial, amlodipine 5 mg once was added.
Single Agent Chemotherapy. TSPA or DTC101. 3-Drug Combination Chemotherapy plus Triple Intrathecal Therapy. DM/DNR/VCR; plus TIT. 2-Drug Combination Chemotherapy plus Triple Intrathecal Therapy. ARA-C/ASP; plus TIT. 4-Drug Combination Chemotherapy with Leucovorin Rescue plus Triple Intrathecal Therapy. CTX/MP/MTX/VP-16; with CF; plus TIT. 3-Drug Combination Chemotherapy plus Triple Intrathecal Therapy. DM/DNR/VCR; plus TIT. 6-Drug Combination Chemotherapy with Leucovorin Rescue plus Triple Intrathecal Therapy. ARA-C/ASP/CTX/MP/MTX/VP-16; with CF; plus TIT. Radiotherapy plus 3-Drug Combination Chemotherapy. Craniospinal irradiation using x-rays with energies of 4-6 MV (electrons acceptable for spinal cord irradiation); plus ASP/DM/VCR. 2-Drug Combination Chemotherapy Alternating with 2-Drug Combination Chemotherapy. MP/MTX; alternating with CTX/VCR.
Cocaine is an indirect-acting sympathomimetic drug that inhibits norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake in the adrenergic presynaptic cleft. Cocaine use has been associated with strokes, angina, arrhythmias, and agitation. Data on gastrointestinal complications such as mesenteric ischemia, bowel necrosis, ulceration, and perforation are scarce. Here, we present a rare case of cocaine-induced esophageal, gastric, and small bowel necrosis that contributes to the limited literature on this subject. Diagnosis of cocaine-induced gastrointestinal complications involves a combination of imaging studies, laboratory assessments, and histopathological examinations. Timely surgical resection, supported by intravenous fluids, antibiotics, and pain management, is the mainstay of treatment. The prognosis varies but is significantly influenced by the promptness and effectiveness of the intervention, underscoring the importance of vigilant clinical care in such cases.
Diabetes mellitus (DM), an important public health problem, aggravates the global economic burden. Diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a serious complication of DM in the central nervous system. Metformin has been proven to improve DE. However, the mechanism is still unclear. In this study, the db/db mice, a common model used for DE, were employed to explore and study the neuroprotective effect of metformin and related mechanisms. Behavioral tests indicated that metformin (100 or 200 mg/kg/day) could significantly improve the learning and memory abilities of db/db mice. The outcomes from the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) demonstrate that metformin effectively modulates glucose and insulin signaling pathways in db/db mice. The results of body weight and blood lipid panel (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) show that metformin promotes the level of lipid metabolism in db/db mice. Furthermore, data from oxidative stress assays, which measured levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, suggest that metformin suppresses oxidative stress-induced brain damage in db/db mice. In addition, western blot, Nissl staining, and immunofluorescence results showed that metformin increased the expressions of nerve growth factor and postsynaptic density 95 and repaired neuronal structural damage. For the mechanism study, metformin activated SIRT1 and inhibited the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18) and inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL-6). In conclusion, metformin could ameliorate cognitive dysfunction through the SIRT1/NLRP3 pathway, which might be a promising mechanism for DE treatment.
In the beginning, the Database of our Institute is consulted, all the patients that underwent ACL reconstruction at least 15 years ago are selected. The original group will be divided into subgroups based on the surgical technique adopted, of the different techniques we took into consideration only these three: anatomical ACL reconstruction with patellar tendon, anatomical ACL reconstruction with hamstrings, non-anatomical ACL reconstruction "Over-the-top plus lateral plasty". The patients will be contacted to ask if they are interested to take part in the study; at least 25 patients for each group will be recruited. All the patients recruited will sign an informed consent about the study and the personal data treatment. After consent acquisition, patients will undergo a clinical examination and a questionnaire about pain and knee status will be administered; moreover, a radiographical examination of the operated knee will be performed to assess the osteoarthritis progression. Patients that reported graft rupture will be registered as failures.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common chronic lung disease with an ever-increasing incidence. Despite years of drug research and approvals, we are still not able to halt progress or restore normal lung function. Our previous studies have demonstrated that liver growth factor-LGF has an effect on the repair of the affected tissue in a mouse model of cigarette smoke exposure, but by what pathways it achieves this is unknown. The present study aimed to identify differentially expressed genes between emphysematous mice treated with LGF to identify potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of pulmonary emphysema. The emphysema mouse model was induced by prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke. To determine the gene expression profile of the lung in smokers treated or not with LGF, lung messenger RNA gene expression was assessed with the Agilent Array platform. We carried out differentially expressed gene analysis, functional enrichment and validated in treated mouse lung samples. The treated group significantly improved lung function (~35%) and emphysema level (~20%), consistent with our previous published studies. Microarray analysis demonstrated 290 differentially expressed genes in total (2.0-fold over or lower expressed). Injury repair-associated genes and pathways were further enhanced in the lung of LGF treated mice. The expression trends of two genes (Zscan2 and Bag6) were different in emphysematous lungs treated with LGF compared to untreated lungs. Therefore, Zscan2 and Bag6 genes could play a role in regulating inflammation and the immune response in the lung that undergoes partial lung regeneration. However, further studies are necessary to demonstrate this causal relationship.
Neuropathic cancer pain is experienced by 30-40% of patients with cancer. It significantly reduces quality of life and overall wellbeing for patients living with and beyond cancer. The underlying mechanisms of neuropathic pain in patients with cancer are complex and involve direct tumour involvement, nerve compression or infiltration, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy-induced nerve damage, or post-surgical complications. It is crucial for healthcare professionals to assess and manage neuropathic cancer pain effectively. There is increasing recognition that standardisation of neuropathic pain assessment leads to tailored management and improved patient outcomes. Pain management strategies, including medication, interventional analgesia, physical and complementary therapy, can help alleviate neuropathic pain and improve the patient's comfort and quality of life.
BACKGROUND: Population aging might increase the prevalence of undernutrition in older people, which increases the risk of frailty. Numerous studies have indicated that myokines are released by skeletal myocytes in response to muscular contractions and might be associated with frailty. This study aimed to evaluate whether myokines are biomarkers of frailty in older inpatients with undernutrition.
METHODS: The frailty biomarkers were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus and Genecards datasets. Relevant myokines and health-related variables were assessed in 55 inpatients aged ≥ 65 years from the Peking Union Medical College Hospital prospective longitudinal frailty study. Serum was prepared for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the appropriate kits. Correlations between biomarkers and frailty status were calculated by Spearman's correlation analysis. Multiple linear regression was performed to investigate the association between factors and frailty scores.
RESULTS: The prevalence of frailty was 13.21%. The bioinformatics analysis indicated that leptin, adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), irisin, decorin, and myostatin were potential biomarkers of frailty. The frailty group had significantly higher concentrations of leptin, AMPK, and MSTN than the robust group (p < 0.05). AMPK was significantly positively correlated with frailty (p < 0.05). The pre-frailty and frailty groups had significantly lower concentrations of irisin than the robust group (p < 0.05), whereas the DCN concentration did not differ among the groups. Multiple linear regression suggested that the 15 factors influencing the coefficients of association, the top 50% were the ADL score, MNA-SF score, serum albumin concentration, urination function, hearing function, leptin concentration, GDS-15 score, and MSTN concentration.
CONCLUSIONS: Proinflammatory myokines, particularly leptin, myostatin, and AMPK, negatively affect muscle mass and strength in older adults. ADL and nutritional status play major roles in the development of frailty. Our results confirm that identification of frailty relies upon clinical variables, myokine concentrations, and functional parameters, which might enable the identification and monitoring of frailty.
Treatment with 6 cycles of 7.5 ± 0.7 GBq 177Lu-edotreotide. The prescribed treatment administration is as follows: a 6 (±2) weeks interval between cycles 1 and 2 followed by all remaining cycles (3-6) given 8 (± 1) weeks after the previous cycle), where possible, or until disease progression, intolerable toxicity or death, whichever occurs first.