anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a chronic debilitating mental disorder that affects 2.4 million Americans and leads to considerable individual and societal costs. In patients with SCZ, cognitive deficits (CD) occur early in the course of the illness, are associated with more severe illness, and are the best predictor of functional outcomes. Nonetheless, to date, CD have been difficult to treat using available treatments. Recent studies suggest CD in patients with SCZ may arise from abnormal synchronization of distributed neural networks. Synchronization or synchronous firing of neurons, binds cortical areas into functional networks in a task and state-dependent manner. Thus novel therapies that improve abnormal neural synchrony may improve previously refractory symptoms arising from disordered brain networks.

Neural synchrony or coherence in the gamma band (GBR, 30-45Hz) plays a central role in top-down attention, multisensory processing, perceptual binding and working memory (WM). Patients with SCZ exhibit abnormal GBR, and the magnitude of impairment is associated with the severity of cognitive disorganization. Given these results, improving GBR should improve CD, including WM in SCZ. This hypothesis has been tested and confirmed using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Additionally, EEG-based neurofeedback (NFB) is hypothesized to improve GBR and cognitive function in patients with SCZ. NFB is a low-cost, easily administered and well-tolerated treatment. In healthy controls, Gamma-NFB improves GBR and cognitive function including WM. Thus, the investigators propose testing the feasibility and effectiveness of improving GBR using gamma-NFB in patients with SCZ using the framework of the R61/R33 mechanism.

The first trial (R61) is a proof-of-concept study designed to assess target engagement and dose response curve. Thirty SCZ patients will receive G-NFB training for 12 weeks (2 weekly sessions of 30minute duration) and be assessed for 1) evidence of training, 2) Change in GBR, 3) Change in WM and 4) Change in community functioning. The second trial (R33) aims to confirm target engagement based on training parameters obtained from R61, and to assess whether G-NFB is superior to an active-placebo neurofeedback intervention in improving GBR, WM and community functioning.
Discuss the availability of naloxone for the emergency treatment of opioid overdose with the patient and caregiver and assess the potential need for access to naloxone, both when initiating and renewing treatment with Methadone Hydrochloride Oral Solution [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3), Overdosage (10)].

For Patients Being Treated for Pain: Consider prescribing naloxone, based on the patient's risk factors for overdose, such as concomitant use of CNS depressants, a history of opioid use disorder, or prior opioid overdose. The presence of risk factors for overdose should not prevent the proper management of pain in any given patient.

For Patients Being Treated for Opioid Addiction: Because patients being treated for opioid use disorder have the potential for relapse, putting them at risk for opioid overdose, strongly consider prescribing naloxone for the emergency treatment of opioid overdose. Advise patients and caregivers that naloxone may also be administered for a known or suspected overdose with Methadone Hydrochloride Oral Solution itself.

Also consider prescribing naloxone if the patient has household members (including children) or other close contacts at risk for accidental ingestion or overdose. If naloxone is prescribed, educate patients and caregivers on how to treat with naloxone [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4), Patient Counseling Information (17)].

Inform patients and caregivers of their options for obtaining naloxone as permitted by individual state naloxone dispensing and prescribing requirements or guidelines (e.g., by prescription, directly from a pharmacist, or as part of a community-based program) [see Patient Counseling Information (17)].
While there are many potential therapeutics being evaluated for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), there is currently no known cure for ADRD and its origin and pathophysiology are still not well understood. However, the association of fibrin with ADRD is becoming increasingly clearer. Up to now it was not possible to quantify brain fibrin in vivo to better elucidate its role in ADRD, but recently, 64Cu-FBP8 was proposed as a tool to detect thrombus anywhere in the body. This unique tool will allow us to non-invasively assess brain fibrin levels in at-risk and ADRD subjects.

The goal of this project is to use 64Cu-FBP8-PET in the brains of subjects ranging from cognitively normal to clinically diagnosed with ADRD to assess fibrin levels. It is expected that about 30 people will take part in this research study. 64Cu-FBP8-PET is not currently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Children treated at the two intervention clinic sites will have be treated using the CHICA system AND will be provided access to the newly developed CHICA Type 2 Diabetes Module. The CHICA Type 2 Diabetes Module will assist pediatricians in identification of those children 10 years of age or older who are at increased risk for type 2 diabetes, it will provide pediatric physicians guidelines to screen for type 2 diabetes, and it will coordinate the diagnosis and long-term management of the condition.
Patients ≥ 65 years with new stage I-III breast or colon cancer seeking care. Patients will be matched on baseline scores, age and sex. Patients will be age and sex matched due to the known relation between inflammatory markers and demographic characteristics39,40, and will be matched on baseline VES scores to ensure similar baseline VES-13 scores between groups and which will then allow us to then assess effect of cancer treatment on outcomes.
PURPOSE: The current standard for clinical diagnosis of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) is expert clinician judgment. The psychometric properties of this standard are not well understood; however, they are important for improving clinical diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which experts agree on the clinical diagnosis of CAS using two cohorts of children with mixed speech sound disorders (SSDs).
METHOD: Speech samples of children with SSDs were obtained from previous and ongoing research from video recordings of children aged 3-8 years (n = 36) and audio recordings of children aged 8-17 years (n = 56). A total of 23 expert, English-speaking clinicians were recruited internationally. Three of these experts rated each speech sample to provide a description of the observed features and a diagnosis. Intrarater reliability was acceptable at 85% agreement.
RESULTS: Interrater reliability on the presence or absence of CAS among experts was poor both as a categorical diagnosis (κ = .187, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.089, 0.286]) and on a continuous "likelihood of CAS" scale (0-100; intraclass correlation = .183, 95% CI [.037, .347]). Reliability was similar across the video-recorded and audio-only samples. There was greater agreement on other diagnoses (such as articulation disorder) than on the diagnosis of CAS, although these too did not meet the predetermined standard. Likelihood of CAS was greater in children who presented with more American Speech-Language-Hearing Association CAS consensus features.
CONCLUSIONS: Different expert raters had different thresholds for applying the diagnosis of CAS. If expert clinician judgment is to be used for diagnosis of CAS or other SSDs, further standardization and calibration is needed to increase interrater reliability. Diagnosis may require operationalized checklists or reliable measures that operate along a diagnostic continuum.
SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23949105.
PURPOSE: Cerebrospinal fluid leakage (CSFL) is a common complication during spinal surgery. This study aimed to compare dural closure with different suture types, sizes, and techniques, and adhesives to reduce the occurrence of CSFL.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a pig spine model, the PDS II 4-0, 5-0, 6-0, Vicryl 4-0, 5-0, 6-0, and Prolene 4-0, 5-0, 6-0 sutures were compared by calculating the permeability after suturing. Spraying bioprotein glue was also tried. Next, 120 patients who underwent surgery for intraspinal subdural tumors were enrolled and received 5-0 PDSII, Vicryl, or Prolene for dura repair.
RESULTS: In the animal model study, Vicryl 5-0 showed a reduced leakage flow rate compared with 5-0 Prolene and 5-0 PDS II. In the clinical study, postoperative drainage in the Vicryl group was smaller than that in the other groups during the first 3 days after surgery (p < 0.05). Drainage volume of patients with postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage in the Vicryl group was smaller than that in the other groups during the first 3 days after surgery (p < 0.05). There were 12 patients (23.1%, 12/52) in the Vicryl group, 20 patients (55.6%, 20/36) in the PDS group, and 16 patients (50.0%, 16/32) in the Prolene group who had CSFL.The incidence of CSFL was significantly reduced in Vicryl group compared with the other groups(P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: 5-0 Vicryl sutures significantly reduced the dural leakage flow rate in an animal spine model. Fibrin glue can reinforce dural repair after surgery. 5-0 Vicryl was associated with a lower occurrence of CSFL in patients.
An arm compression sleeve with a graduated compression between 18-25 mmHg will be worn on the dominant gaming arm while performing intense gridlock training using an AIM trainer lab. Muscle oxygen saturation of the extensor radialis muscle will be measured using near infrared spectroscopy.
Eight male and non-pregnant female subjects who are healthy and non-smoking will be recruited. In one period of this crossover study acetaminophen (1000 mg p.o.) will be administered orally at 8 AM, 2 PM, 8 PM and 2 AM for 3 days (see "Crossover Period: Acetaminophen 4000 mg/d" intervention). The last dose will be administered on day four at 8 AM In the other crossover period, after a washout period of at least 14 days, the subjects will receive ibuprofen (200 mg) orally at at 8 AM, 2 PM, 8 PM and 2 AM for 3 days (see "Crossover Period: Ibuprofen 800 mg/d" intervention). The last dose will be administered on day four at 8 AM Study assessments will be performed on day 1 and day 4 of each crossover period. The occurrence of the two crossover periods will be randomized by order.
The GNOM (GN) Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factor for ARF small GTPases (ARF-GEF) is among the best studied trafficking regulators in plants, playing crucial and unique developmental roles in patterning and polarity. The current models place GN at the Golgi apparatus (GA), where it mediates secretion/recycling, and at the plasma membrane (PM) presumably contributing to clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). The mechanistic basis of the developmental function of GN, distinct from the other ARF-GEFs including its closest homologue GNOM-LIKE1 (GNL1), remains elusive. Insights from this study largely extend the current notions of GN function. We show that GN, but not GNL1, localizes to the cell periphery at long-lived structures distinct from clathrin-coated pits, while CME and secretion proceed normally in gn knockouts. The functional GN mutant variant GNfewerroots, absent from the GA, suggests that the cell periphery is the major site of GN action responsible for its developmental function. Following inhibition by Brefeldin A, GN, but not GNL1, relocates to the PM likely on exocytic vesicles, suggesting selective molecular associations en route to the cell periphery. A study of GN-GNL1 chimeric ARF-GEFs indicates that all GN domains contribute to the specific GN function in a partially redundant manner. Together, this study offers significant steps toward the elucidation of the mechanism underlying unique cellular and development functions of GNOM.
BACKGROUND: With advancements in perioperative blood management and the use of tranexamic acid, the rate of transfusions after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has substantially decreased. As these principles are refined, other modifiable risk factors, such as preoperative anemia, may play an increasingly important role in transfusion risk for patients undergoing TKA.
METHODS: A multicenter, national database was utilized to identify patients undergoing TKA from 2010 to 2021. Anemia was defined by World Health Organization definitions as < 12 g/dL for women and < 13 g/dL for men. A predictive model was created using backwards elimination logistic regression to predict transfusion risk, controlling for demographic and medical covariates. The coefficient of anemia was then analyzed for each year. The trend over time was fitted with a best-fit linear regression equation.
RESULTS: There were 509,117 patients who underwent TKA, and had a mean age of 67 years (range, 18 to 89). There were 57,716 (11%) patients who were anemic preoperatively, and 15,426 (3%) of patients required a transfusion. Rate of transfusion decreased from 10.6% in 2010 to 0.6% in 2021. The odds ratio associated with anemia as a predictor of transfusion increased from 3.1 (95% confidence interval: 2.1 to 4.6) in 2010 to 14.0 (95% confidence interval: 8.9 to 24) in 2021.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study demonstrate that the importance of preoperative anemia as a predictor of transfusion has increased over the past decade as rates of transfusion have decreased. As perioperative blood management protocols improve, preoperative anemia should be considered an important focus of intervention to reduce the risk of transfusion prior to TKA.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: parent sterile infusion solution is passed through milliporous diaphragms between of that dry dosed sodium hydrocarbonic powder is placed and solution is administrated in patient organism simultaneously. Device is made as drop-chamber where two milliporous diaphragms were built in and dry sterile dosed sodium hydrocarbonic powder is placed between these diaphragms. Diaphragms were fixed by two fixing plastic rings inserting one into other. Invention can be used for normalization of blood acid-alkaline state, in part, acidosis by intravenous administration of sodium hydrocarbonate. EFFECT: simplified technology, improved method of preparing.
Liver fibrosis is characterized by the activation and transformation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) induced by various injury factors. The degree of liver fibrosis can be significantly improved, but persistent injury factors present a significant therapeutic challenge. Hepatocytes are the most important parenchymal cell type in the liver. In this study, we explored the molecular mechanisms by which damaged liver cells activate HSCs through extracellular vesicles. We established a coculture model of LO2 and LX2 and validated its exosomal transmission activity. Subsequently, differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were screened through RNA sequencing and their mechanisms of action as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) further confirmed using biological methods, such as FISH and luciferase assays. Damaged liver cells induced activation of LX2 and upregulation of liver fibrosis-related markers. Exosomes extracted and identified from the supernatant fraction contained differentially expressed lncRNA cytoskeleton regulator RNA (CYTOR) that competed with microRNA-125 (miR-125) for binding to glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in HSCs, in turn, promoting LX2 activation. MiR-125 could target and regulate both CYTOR and GDNF and vice versa, as verified using the luciferase assay. In an in vivo model, damaged liver extracellular vesicles induced the formation of liver fibrosis. Notably, downregulation of CYTOR within extracellular vesicles effectively inhibited liver fibrosis. The lncRNA CYTOR in exosomes of damaged liver cells is upregulated and modulates the expression of downstream GDNF through activity as a ceRNA, providing an effective mechanism for activation of HSCs.
All 18F-DOPA PET/CT studies will be interpreted qualitatively during a clinical readout session. Based on a previous study scans will be classified as positive if tumor regions defined on CT exhibited tracer uptake above the level of the contra-lateral caudate nucleus. Scans will be classified as negative if tumor 18F-FDOPA uptake is lower than that of the contra lateral caudate nucleus. Uptake at the level of the contra-lateral caudate will be considered equivocal for malignancy.
The present invention discloses a stable polystyrene emulsion and a preparation method of the stable polystyrene emulsion, relating to the field of macromolecule synthesis materials. Styrene and water are mixed and stirred together according to the mass proportion rate from 1:10 to 1:5. Then beta-cyclodextrin or correspondent derivative which is 5 percent to 30 percent of the mass of the cinnamene is added into the solution. After that, potassium supersulphate  which is 1 percent to 3 percent of the mass of the cinnamene is added and nitrogen is popped in. The solution is heated to 70 DEG C to 80 DEG C for reaction for at least 8 hours. And then the solution is stopped from reaction and is stirred to cool to the room temperature. In this way, polystyrene emulsion is obtained. The polystyrene emulsion produced through the present invention is of no surfactant, organic solvent and inorganic salt. The polystyrene emulsion comprises beta-cyclodextrin or correspondent derivatives. According to the quality rate, the emulsion includes 8.8 percent to 16.5 percent polystyrene, 0.5 percent to 4.8 percent cyclodextrin or correspondent derivatives and 79.4 percent to 90.5 percent water. The cyclodextrin derivative is of the structure: R: 3 H or CH <SUB> </ SUB>. The present invention is of fast reaction and short reaction time. No organic solvent is needed in the present invention. The emulsion generated through the present invention is of good stability.
The invention discloses a nano-hydrogel with a micro electric field response function. The nano-hydrogel consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 85.0-95.0 percent of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 0-10.0 percent of styrene, 0-10.0 percent of sodium p-styrenesulfonate and 0.5-10.0 percent of a crosslinking agent. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the nano-hydrogel. The method comprises the following steps of: polymerizing by taking dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, styrene and sodium p-styrenesulfonate as monomers under the nitrogen protection and the action of the crosslinking agent and an initiator; and performing dialysis treatment. A preparation process is simple, reaction conditions are mild, the average particle diameter of the obtained nano-hydrogel is about 50-300 nanometers, and the nano-hydrogel has narrow distribution, high dispersion stability in a water medium, and micro electric field stimulation response. The nano-hydrogel is used in the field of light current physiologically-mediated medicament release, and the medicament releasing speed is increased by 1-10 times under the action of a micro electric field.
BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of memory impairment, a common complication of chronic neuropathic pain (CNP), has not been fully elucidated. Schwann cell (SC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to remote organ injury. Here, we showed that SC-EVs may mediate pathological communication between SCs and hippocampal neurons in the context of CNP.
METHODS: We used an adeno-associated virus harboring the SC-specific promoter Mpz and expressing the CD63-GFP gene to track SC-EVs transport. microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles of EVs and gain-of-function and loss-of-function regulatory experiments revealed that miR-142-5p was the main cargo of SC-EVs. Next, luciferase reporter gene and phenotyping experiments confirmed the direct targets of miR-142-5p.
RESULTS: The contents and granule sizes of plasma EVs were significantly greater in rats with chronic sciatic nerve constriction injury (CCI)than in sham rats. Administration of the EV biogenesis inhibitor GW4869 ameliorated memory impairment in CCI rats and reversed CCI-associated dendritic spine damage. Notably, during CCI stress, SC-EVs could be transferred into the brain through the circulation and accumulate in the hippocampal CA1-CA3 regions. miR-142-5p was the main cargo wrapped in SC-EVs and mediated the development of CCI-associated memory impairment. Furthermore, α-actinin-4 (ACTN4), ELAV-like protein 4 (ELAVL4) and ubiquitin-specific peptidase 9 X-linked (USP9X) were demonstrated to be important downstream target genes for miR-142-5p-mediated regulation of dendritic spine damage in hippocampal neurons from CCI rats.
CONCLUSION: Together, these findings suggest that SCs-EVs and/or their cargo miR-142-5p may be potential therapeutic targets for memory impairment associated with CNP.
This study evaluates patients with diagnosis of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in pachychoroid treated with combined therapy, consisting in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and 3 intravitreal therapy (IVT) of Aflibercept monthly. Inclusion criteria are the presence of haemorrhagic or exudative PCV diagnosed by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Indocyanine Green Angiography (ICGA) and the mean central choroidal thickness \> 250 µm. Exclusion criteria comprehend ocular comorbidity, previous cardiovascular events and different ocular surgical procedures form cataract surgery. Participants undergo a thorough ophthalmic assessment that included best corrected visual acuity (CDVA), slit lamp biomicroscopy and dilated funduscopic examination. OCT, OCT-Angiography (OCT-A), ICGA and Fluoresceine Angiography (FA) were performed for all patients. The 12-month follow-up foresee monthly revaluations of the above measurements, excluding FA, repeated only on clinical judgement. CDVA will be measured using LogMAR. Choroidal and retinal thicknesses will be automatically measured by digital software OCT- integrated (IMAGEnet). All patients will be treated with a loading dose of Aflibercept combined with PDT within the first 7 days of the first intravitreal therapy. The spot size is calculated by adding 1000 μm to the greater linear dimension of the lesion. No additional therapy will be performed during follow-up unless signs of reactivation.
Substance use disorder (SUD) in persons with severe mental illness may worsen the course of psychiatric illness. The loss of family support for individuals with mental illness is a major contributing factor to housing instability, homelessness, and other problems. Despite progress toward integrating mental health and substance abuse services, interventions that improve the course of mental illness while helping the families of the mentally ill are not currently available. Enhancing skills for coping with mental illness may be an effective strategy for treating SUD, decreasing caregiver burden, and improving the long-term outcomes for people with mental illness.

Patients and their families are randomly assigned to either the Family Intervention for Dual Diagnosis (FIDD) program or family psychoeducation. The FIDD program lasts for up to 3 years and includes both single and multiple-family group formats. The family psychoeducation program consists of 6 weekly sessions. Routine assessments are conducted on all patients, and relatives are evaluated on a wide range of outcomes, including substance abuse, hospitalizations, psychiatric symptoms, legal problems, aggression, housing and homelessness, family burden, social support, and quality of life. To determine the effectiveness of the FIDD program, knowledge of mental illness and problem-solving skills are assessed in the families following treatment.