anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignant endocrine tumour, and its incidence and prevalence are increasing considerably. Cellular heterogeneity in the tumour microenvironment is important for PTC prognosis. Spatial transcriptomics is a powerful technique for cellular heterogeneity study.
METHODS: In conjunction with a clinical pathologist identification method, spatial transcriptomics was employed to characterise the spatial location and RNA profiles of PTC-associated cells within the tissue sections. The spatial RNA-clinical signature genes for each cell type were extracted and applied to outlining the distribution regions of specific cells on the entire section. The cellular heterogeneity of each cell type was further revealed by ContourPlot analysis, monocle analysis, trajectory analysis, ligand-receptor analysis and Gene Ontology enrichment analysis.
RESULTS: The spatial distribution region of tumour cells, typical and atypical follicular cells (FCs and AFCs) and immune cells were accurately and comprehensively identified in all five PTC tissue sections. AFCs were identified as a transitional state between FCs and tumour cells, exhibiting a higher resemblance to the latter. Three tumour foci were shared among all patients out of the 13 observed. Notably, tumour foci No. 2 displayed elevated expression levels of genes associated with lower relapse-free survival in PTC patients. We discovered key ligand-receptor interactions, including LAMB3-ITGA2, FN1-ITGA3 and FN1-SDC4, involved in the transition of PTC cells from FCs to AFCs and eventually to tumour cells. High expression of these patterns correlated with reduced relapse-free survival. In the tumour immune microenvironment, reduced interaction between myeloid-derived TGFB1 and TGFBR1 in tumour focus No. 2 contributed to tumourigenesis and increased heterogeneity. The spatial RNA-clinical analysis method developed here revealed prognosis-associated cellular heterogeneity in the PTC microenvironment.
CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of tumour foci No. 2 and three enhanced ligand-receptor interactions in the AFC area/tumour foci reduced the relapse-free survival of PTC patients, potentially leading to improved prognostic strategies and targeted therapies for PTC patients.
Signaling through classical death receptor Fas was mainly appreciated as a pro-death pathway until recent reports characterized pro-inflammatory outcomes of Fas-mediated activation in pathological contexts. How Fas signaling can switch to pro-inflammatory activation is poorly understood. Herein, we report that in macrophages and neutrophils, the Toll-like receptor (TLR) adapter CD14 determines the inflammatory output of Fas-mediated signaling. Our findings propose CD14 as a crucial chaperone of Fas receptor internalization in macrophages and neutrophils, resulting in Cd14-/- myeloid cells that are protected from FasL-induced apoptosis, activate nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and release cytokines in response. As in TLR signaling, CD14 is also required for Fas to signal through the adaptor TRIF (TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β) and induce a pro-death complex. Our findings demonstrate that CD14 availability can determine the switch between Fas-mediated pro-death and pro-inflammatory outcomes by internalizing the receptor.
Face-to-face pressure ulcer training will be given to the relatives of the patients in the training group in the determined common time period. The presentation and pressure ulcer content prepared during the trainings will be conveyed by the researcher in two 30-minute sessions using lectures, example events and question-answer techniques.
Lorlatinib will be administered by mouth daily plus Pemetrexed by IV infusion every 3 weeks until progression or intolerable toxicity. Platinum-based standard of care chemotherapy by IV infusion will also be given every 3 weeks for the first 4 cycles; carboplatin or cisplatin are the platinum agents that may be selected based on physician discretion. One cycle is defined as 3 weeks.
A 70-year-old female patient was admitted for close examination and treatment of hypercalcemia (corrected serum calcium levels: 3.04 mmol/L) and renal dysfunction (serum creatinine levels: 254.59 µmol/L). The patient had a history of sarcoidosis, diagnosed based on epithelioid cell granulomas in subcutaneous nodule biopsies, uveitis, and bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, which had spontaneously remitted 10 years before admission. Because the patient was diagnosed with hypercalcemia associated with recurrent sarcoidosis, prednisone (20 mg/day) was initiated, and its dose was tapered following the decrease in serum calcium and creatinine levels. However, the levels of these parameters increased again when the prednisone dose was reduced to ≤ 4 mg/day. We were concerned about glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in the patient but hesitated to use first-line bisphosphonates because of renal dysfunction. Therefore, denosumab was initiated to reduce the risk of hypercalcemia, renal dysfunction, and glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Serum creatinine and corrected serum calcium levels subsequently decreased. The prednisone dose could be reduced following repeated denosumab administration.Thus, denosumab can be a multifaceted, beneficial option for sarcoidosis-induced hypercalcemia, as it alleviates renal dysfunction indirectly by normalizing serum calcium levels, facilitates reduction of the glucocorticoid dose, and ameliorates glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The impact of CHADS2 score on outcome in patients with stroke taking an oral anticoagulant (OAC) has not yet been fully elucidated. We investigated the association between pre-stroke CHADS2 score and outcome at discharge in patients with acute cardioembolic (CE) stroke due to atrial fibrillation (AF) who were prescribed OAC.
METHODS: The data of 548 OAC-treated patients with AF and CE stroke who were registered in the multicenter Prospective Analysis of Stroke patients Taking oral Anticoagulants (PASTA) study were analyzed. High CHADS2 score was defined as a pre-stroke CHADS2 score ≥2. Unfavorable outcome was defined as a modified Rankin scale (mRS) of 3-6. The impacts of pre-stroke CHADS2 score on outcome at discharge were evaluated using multiple logistic regression analysis.
RESULT: A high CHADS2 score was found in 472/548 patients and unfavorable outcome was found in 330/548 patients. In patients with unfavorable outcome, age, male sex, pre-stroke CHADS2 score, initial National Institute Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, and glucose level on admission were significantly higher, whereas creatinine clearance and body weight were significantly lower, than those with favorable outcome (each p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that high CHADS2 score (OR 2.18, 95 %CI 1.08-4.42, p = 0.031), pre-stroke mRS (OR 2.21, 95 %CI 1.69-2.67, p < 0.001), and initial NIHSS score (OR 1.19, 95 %CI 1.17-1.24, p < 0.001) were independently associated with unfavorable outcome.
CONCLUSION: Pre-stroke CHADS2 score was associated with poor outcome in patients with cardioembolic stroke due to AF, even in those taking OAC.
Most of hematologic malignancy patient becomes incurable with standard treatment during their disease course. Although these patients are recommended to participate in an early phase clinical trials, the response rate have reported be only 4 to 6 percent. Over several decades, a lot of cancer driving mutations has been identified, and targeted agents directed at the mutations are continuously developed and studied in many clinical trials. Most of the clinical trials recruited participants regardless of mutational status of them. Recently, however, participants has been recruited in recent clinical trials according to the presence of specific mutations. The response rate of these recent clinical trials is 12-75%.

In this pragmatic clinical trial, cancer driving mutations in hematologic malignancy patients is identified using next generation sequencing, and assign patients to an appropriate clinical trial which is anticipated to exhibit the best response. The improvement of outcome of this biomarker-driven assignment is investigated.
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common postoperative complication in elderly patients, and neuroinflammation is a key hallmark. Recent studies suggest that the NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated astrocytes pyroptosis is involved in the regulation of neuroinflammation in many neurocognitive diseases, while its role in POCD remains obscure. Carnosine is a natural endogenous dipeptide with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. To explore the effect of carnosine on POCD and its mechanism, we established a POCD model by exploratory laparotomy in 24-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. We found that the administrated of carnosine notably attenuated surgery-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in astrocytes, central inflammation, and neuronal damage in the hippocampus of aged rats. In addition, carnosine dramatically ameliorated the learning and memory deficits of surgery-induced aged rats. Then in the in vitro experiments, we stimulated primary astrocytes with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) after carnosine pretreatment. The results also showed that the application of carnosine alleviated the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, pyroptosis, and inflammatory response in astrocytes stimulated by LPS. Taken together, these findings suggest that carnosine improves POCD in aged rats via inhibiting NLRP3-mediated astrocytes pyroptosis and neuroinflammation.
The invention discloses a medicinal preparation for preventing and curing mycoplasmosis of livestock and improving non-specific immunity. The medicinal preparation is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of tilmicosin, 4-10 parts of epimedium folium, 4-10 parts of radix bupleuri, 8-18 parts of folium eriobotryae, 3-6 parts of fructo-oligose, 20-30 parts of medical stone and 15-25 parts of anhydrous dextrose. The invention further discloses a preparing method of the medicinal preparation. According to the medicinal preparation, all the components of the medicinal preparation are compatible and have the effects of promoting the tilmicosin to repair immune cells and improving the functions of the immune cells. Meanwhile, the growth of normal flora in intestines is protected and promoted, and the organism immunity function is enhanced. In addition, the preparing method is convenient to operate and easy to popularize and apply.
Neuropathic pain (NP) is an intractable pain that results from primary nervous system injury and dysfunction. Herein, we demonstrated in animal models that peripheral nerve injury induced enhanced pain perception and anxiety-like behaviors. According to previous reports, nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell is required for complete expression of neuropathic pain behaviors and mood alternations, we found the elevated mRNA and protein level of Prokineticin-2 (Prok2) in the NAc shell after Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI). Prok2 knockdown in the NAc shell reversed NP and anxiety-like behaviors in rats, indicating that Prok2 might play a fundamental role in NP and anxiety co-morbidity. CCI significantly enhanced Prok2 co-expression with NF-κB P-p65 in comparison with control animals. In addition to reversing the established nociceptive hypersensitivities and anxiety simultaneously, NAc microinjection of NF-κB siRNA or specific inhibitor PDTC reversed Prok2 upregulation. Besides, Prok2 was significantly decreased in vitro when co-transfected with si-NF-κB. Dual-Luciferase assay showed NF-κB directly activated Prok2 gene transcriptional activity. Overall, these findings provide new insights into the neurobiological mechanisms behind NP and comorbid anxiety. The NF-κB/Prok2 pathway could be a potential therapeutic target for NP and anxiety disorders.
Subjects without diabetes or depression (Group 3) have a second study visit at least 15 days after the Hyperglycemic Clamp visit. They receive a variable insulin infusion to match individual insulin levels to the levels attained during the Hyperglycemic Clamp and they receive a variable glucose infusion to maintain euglycemia.
Nucleic acid molecules that encode a protein comprising at least one epitope of membrane IgE free of epitopes present on the serum IgE, including proteins that further comprise non-IgE T cell helper epitope are disclosed. Vaccines, vectors and host cells that comprise such nucleic acid molecules are disclosed. Isolated proteins, including haptenized proteins, comprising at least one epitope of membrane IgE free of epitopes present on the serum IgE, including proteins that further comprise non-IgE T cell helper epitope are disclosed. Vaccines that comprise and methods of making such proteins and antibodies that specifically bind to such proteins are disclosed. Vaccines that comprise killed or inactivated cells or particles are disclosed. Methods of treating and preventing IgE mediated allergic disease or condition are disclosed.
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) is a high-risk factor for the development of gastric cancer. Narrow-band imaging (NBI) enables endoscopic grading of GIM (EGGIM). In the era of climate change, gastrointestinal endoscopists are expected to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and medical waste. Based on the diagnostic performance of NBI endoscopy, this study measured the environmental impact and reduced cost of implementing EGGIM during gastroscopy.
METHODS: Using NBI endoscopy in 242 patients, EGGIM classification and operative link on GIM (OLGIM) staging were prospectively performed in five different areas (lesser and greater curvatures of the corpus and antrum, and the incisura angularis). We estimated the environmental impact and cost reduction of the biopsy procedures and pathological processing if EGGIM were used instead of OLGIM.
RESULTS: The diagnostic accuracy of NBI endoscopy for GIM was 93.0-97.1% depending on the gastric area. When a high EGGIM score ≥ 5 was the cut-off value for predicting OLGIM stages III-IV, the area under the curve was 0.862, sensitivity was 81.9%, and specificity was 90.4%. The reduction in the carbon footprint by EGGIM was -0.4059 kg carbon dioxide equivalents per patient, equivalent to 1 mile driven by a gasoline-powered car. The cost savings were calculated to be $47.36 per patient.
CONCLUSIONS: EGGIM is a reliable method for identifying high-risk gastric cancer patients, thereby reducing the carbon footprint and medical costs in endoscopy practice.
This will be a non-randomized phase II trial with the objective of evaluating the clinical response rate of calcium electroporation treatment of malignant tumours of the skin and assessing treatment impact on quality of life. This study will investigate the response rate of calcium electroporation treatment of skin metastases and malignant wounds in a real-world setting, in three different cancer centres in Northern Europe. The centres aim to treat a total of 30 patients with cancer in the skin of any histology. The patients will be treated once and followed with regular examinations for 12 months, starting from first treatment day. All patients will have been offered the standard of care and all available alternatives before entering the protocol. Calcium electroporation will not be compared to other means of treatment.

The primary endpoint of this study is to evaluate the clinical overall response rate of calcium electroporation treatment of malignant tumours of the skin after two months. A subset of patients will undergo MR scans after treatment and another subset of patients will be interviewed regarding treatment impact on quality of life.
Pulmonary valve stenosis (PS) is a heart valve disorder in which outflow of blood from the right ventricle of the heart is obstructed at the level of the pulmonic valve. Although most commonly diagnosed and treated in the pediatric population, individuals with more severe forms of PS are surviving into adulthood and require ongoing assessment and cardiovascular care. The prevalence of valvular pulmonary stenosis has been reported at 0.6 to 0.8 cases per 1000 live births. When associated with other congenital heart disorder, it occurs in approximately 50% of all born with some kind of congenital heart disease . Pulmonary stenosis can be due to isolated valvular (90%), subvalvular, or peripheral (supravalvular) obstruction, or it may be found in association with congenital heart disorders of some other kind .

Critical pulmonary stenosis (PS) is a life-threatening congenital heart disease which requires immediate treatment . Unlike older children with isolated PS, neonates with critical PS presents with severe cyanosis and the suprasystemic right ventricle (RV) pressure may result in RV dilatation and failure with severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR). Since the discovery of balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BPV), it has replaced surgical approach for relieving PS . Femoral vein is the most common venous access for BPV; however, crossing the pulmonary valve using this approach can be difficult, especially in the presence of severe TR and right chambers dilatation . This problem can be overcome by using transjugular approach, yet many operators are reluctant to use this method because of potential complications and lack of data reporting transjugular approach. Balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BPV) is a safe and effective treatment for isolated pulmonary valve stenosis . The optimal age or body size for elective BPV depends on an individual's pulmonary valve diameter, transpulmonary pressure gradient, and femoral vessel size. Selecting a balloon with an appropriate profile also affects outcomes. An ideal balloon catheter for BPV in younger, smaller patients would have a low profile with a short, round shoulder to lessen the risk of valvular or vascular injury . Balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty provides long-term relief of stenosis of the pulmonary valve in the majority of patients with moderate to severe pulmonary valve stenosis.
As with all therapeutic proteins, there is a potential for an immune response in patients treated with EYLEA. The immunogenicity of EYLEA was evaluated in serum samples. The immunogenicity data reflect the percentage of patients whose test results were considered positive for antibodies to EYLEA in immunoassays. The detection of an immune response is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assays used, sample handling, timing of sample collection, concomitant medications, and underlying disease. For these reasons, comparison of the incidence of antibodies to EYLEA with the incidence of antibodies to other products may be misleading.

In the wet AMD, RVO, and DME studies, the pre-treatment incidence of immunoreactivity to EYLEA was approximately 1% to 3% across treatment groups. After dosing with EYLEA for 24-100 weeks, antibodies to EYLEA were detected in a similar percentage range of patients. Similarly, after unilateral or bilateral dosing in pediatric ROP studies, antibodies to EYLEA were detected in less than 1% of patients.

There were no differences in efficacy or safety between patients with or without immunoreactivity.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are common sarcomas that arise in the gastrointestinal tract. Sunitinib (Pfizer) and imatinib (Novartis) are FDA-approved for treatment of patients with GIST. However, patients with advanced or refractory GIST who are resistant to these agents eventually experience disease progression or death. Heat shock protein-90 (Hsp90) is a substance found in various malignancies that encourages tumor cells to grow and survive. As an inhibitor of Hsp90, AUY922 may decrease growth of tumor cells that were resistant to prior therapies. This study investigates AUY922 monotherapy as treatment for patients who either progressed on, or were resistant to, imatinib and sunitinib.
PURPOSE: To obtain a therapeutic agent for alopecia resulting from inflammation or hormonal anomalies by formulating a compound selected from a specific dicarboxylic acid, a mercapto derivative thereof and a salt thereof as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION: This therapeutic agent contains 2-40 pts.wt., preferably 15-20 wt.% compound selected from a 7-13C dicarboxylic acid (e.g. azelaic acid), a mercapto derivative thereof and a salt thereof as an active ingredient. Further, preferably, a keratolytic agent (e.g. salicylic acid) and, if necessary, other conventional arbitrary components are formulated therewith and formed into a preparation by a conventional method. The therapeutic agent is effective for treatment of inflammation or infectious disease of dermis, epidermis and adnexal, various symptom including hormonal anomalies of hair follicles such as acne rosacea, dermatosis around mouth, eczema seborrheic dermatosis, sudoriferous gland, tinea cruris, platy tubercle, alopetia areata, male pattern baldness, etc. The therapeutic agent is applied by topically coating the agent on a portion of the skin having inflammation or abnormalness.
Delayed diagnosis of patients with sepsis or septic shock is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. UPLC-MS and NMR spectroscopy were used to measure panels of lipoproteins, lipids, biogenic amines, amino acids, and tryptophan pathway metabolites in blood plasma samples collected from 152 patients within 48 h of admission into the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) where 62 patients had no sepsis, 71 patients had sepsis, and 19 patients had septic shock. Patients with sepsis or septic shock had higher concentrations of neopterin and lower levels of HDL cholesterol and phospholipid particles in comparison to nonsepsis patients. Septic shock could be differentiated from sepsis patients based on different concentrations of 10 lipids, including significantly lower concentrations of five phosphatidylcholine species, three cholesterol esters, one dihydroceramide, and one phosphatidylethanolamine. The Supramolecular Phospholipid Composite (SPC) was reduced in all ICU patients, while the composite markers of acute phase glycoproteins were increased in the sepsis and septic shock patients within 48 h admission into ICU. We show that the plasma metabolic phenotype obtained within 48 h of ICU admission is diagnostic for the presence of sepsis and that septic shock can be differentiated from sepsis based on the lipid profile.
A pharmaceutical composition in the form of tablets or capsules provides a combination of temporal and spatial control of drug delivery to a patient for effective therapeutic results. The pharmaceutical composition comprises a drug, a gas generating component, a swelling agent, a viscolyzing agent, and optionally a gel forming polymer. The swelling agent belongs to a class of compounds known as superdisintegrants (e.g., cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone or sodium carboxymethylcellulose). The viscolyzing agent initially and the gel forming polymer thereafter form a hydrated gel matrix which entraps the gas, causing the tablet or capsule to float so that it is retained in the stomach or upper part of the small intestine (spatial control). At the same time, the hydrated gel matrix creates a tortuous diffusion path for the drug, resulting in sustained release of the drug (temporal control). A preferred once daily ciprofloxacin formulation comprises 69.9 % ciprofloxacin base, 0.34 % sodium alginate, 1.03 % xanthan gum, 13.7 % sodium bicarbonate, 12.1 % cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, and optionally other pharmaceutical excipients, the formulation being in the form of a coated or uncoated tablet or capsule.