anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Clinicians employ two main cognitive approaches for diagnoses, depending on their expertise. Novices typically use linear hypothetico-deductive methods, while experts rely more on intuitive pattern recognition. These closely correspond to System 1 and System 2 thinking described in behavioral economics. We propose that complex cases additionally require the cognitive skill of synthesis, to visualize and understand the connections between various elements. To illustrate the concept, we describe a 60-year-old individual with a 6 h history of chest pain, fever, cough, accompanying chronic heart failure, atrial fibrillation, COPD, thyrotoxicosis, and ischemic heart disease. Faced with such a scenario, a bedside approach adapted by clinicians is to generate a list of individual diagnoses or pathways of pathogenesis, and address them individually. For example, this cluster could include: smoking causing COPD, IHD leading to chest pain and heart failure, and thyrotoxicosis causing atrial fibrillation (AF). However, other interconnections across pathways could be considered: smoking contributing to IHD; COPD exacerbating heart failure; IHD and pneumonia triggering atrial fibrillation; thyrotoxicosis and AF, independently worsening heart failure; COPD causing hypoxemia and worsening ventricular function. The second cluster of explanation offers a richer network of relationships and connections across disorders and pathways of pathogenesis. This cognitive process of creatively identifying these relationships is synthesis, described in Bloom's taxonomy of the cognitive domain. It is a crucial skill required for visualizing a comprehensive and holistic view of a patient. The concept of synthesis as a cognitive skill in clinical reasoning warrants further exploration.
The maintenance of airway opened is one of the main responsibility of the anesthetist. Intubation procedure during anesthesia application benefits such as airway opening, airway and breathing control, aspiration hazard, respiratory effort and dead space reduction, surgical comfort and airway control during resuscitation. Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation increases in heart rate, blood pressure and the intraocular pressure. The sympathetic-adrenal activity caused by the stimulation of the laryngeal and tracheal tissues is responsible for these negative effects. Endotracheal intubation with videolaryngoscopy is an alternative method used in airway management. Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation under general anesthesia and laryngeal mask and airway control techniques cause different hemodynamic and catecholamine levels.
b  - Hydroxy - b  - phenylethylguanidine sulphate is prepared by the reaction of b -hydroxy-b -phenylethylamine and S-methylisothiouronium sulphate; methyl mercaptan is liberated during the reaction and the product is formed in crystalline form. The b -hydroxy-b -phenylethylguanidine another salt by double decomposition with an appropriate salt, e.g. BaCl2. another salt by double decomposition with an appropriate salt, e.g. BaCl2ALSO:A pharmaceutical composition having hypotensive activity, for oral administration, comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt (e.g. sulphate) of b -hydroxy-b -phenylethylguanidine, in association with a pharmaceutical carrier therefor.  The composition may be in liquid form, (e.g. a solution or suspension) or in a solid form, which may be a dosage unit form (e.g. a tablet, capsule, pill, cachet, sachet, or packaged powder).  The compositions may be in a sustained release form.
The escalating opioid overdose epidemic is one of the most serious public health problems confronting the U.S. In 2014, a record 47,055 people died from a drug overdose in the U.S., which outnumbered deaths from motor vehicle crashes by approximately one and a half times. Heroin and misuse of prescription opioids contributed to a majority of drug overdoses in 2014. Death due to drug overdose is a significant and rising cause of mortality and morbidity in Philadelphia. In 2015, almost 700 drug overdose deaths were reported in Philadelphia - twice as many as deaths from homicide. In response, health policy, legislation, and research funding are increasingly converging in support of the distribution of naloxone, an opioid antagonist, and community-based opioid overdose prevention programs (OPP). The success of OPP is contingent upon the willingness and effectiveness of bystanders to respond to an overdose event and administer naloxone. Emergency Response Communities (ERC) are specialized smartphone-based social networks in which members are approved carriers and/or potential users of a specific medication, such as naloxone. The ERC approach is ideally suited to support, facilitate, and encourage naloxone administration in opioid overdose emergencies, but is untested to date. The model combines GPS and IP-location tracking to identify potential opioid overdose through a smartphone application or app. Towards this end, we are proposing the development and pilot testing of a smartphone app-based naxolone intervention (ERC-NAX) in an ERC in Philadelphia. Research is needed to understand the needs and barriers in communities at high-risk for opioid overdose that will enable effective design, adaption, and implementation of an ERC-NAX app. Guided by preliminary data from study investigators, the proposed pilot project will pursue three specific aims: 1) Identify barriers and facilitators of acceptance and use of a smartphone-based ERC naloxone intervention; 2) Pilot test the implementation of ERC-NAX in an ERC consisting of 55 non-medical opioid users and 55 community members; 3) Synthesize knowledge acquired in Aims 1 and 2 to be used in a subsequent R01 study to conduct a large-scale, multi-site implementation trial. This 3-year study will provide actionable evidence regarding the viability and acceptance of an app-based naloxone intervention following the ERC model. It will be developed and tested in partnership with two community partners in Philadelphia with extensive experience in overdose prevention. This proposed intervention is significant since it leverages the growing success of OPP and will empower communities at high-risk for opioid overdose to provide rapid, secure, and effective emergency response in the event of overdose. This novel intervention, which is designed to augment emergency medical services in the rapid delivery of naloxone to overdose victims, may be effective at deescalating the epidemic of opioid overdose fatalities in Philadelphia and communities elsewhere.
The current study aimed to investigate the effect of the distraction methods employed before nasopharyngeal swab sampling from children within the scope of the COVID test on their anxiety and fear levels. The study was an RCT with parallel groups conducted according to the CONSORT statement at the pediatric emergency unit of a hospital in Turkey. Children aged 5-10 years were randomized into three groups: Kaleidoscope, Visual Illusion Cards, and control. Data were collected by the researchers using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, the Children's Anxiety Meter-State, and the Children's Fear Scale. According to the reports of the children, the parents, and the nurse, the mean anxiety score and the mean fear score in the experimental groups were significantly lower after the nasopharyngeal swab procedure compared to the control group (p < .05). Fear and anxiety were observed less in the visual illusion cards group and the kaleidoscope group.
Patients receive binimetinib PO on days 1-14, and leucovorin IV, oxaliplatin IV, and fluorouracil IV as in Arm 1. Cycles repeat every 14 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo ECHO or MUGA and collection of blood during screening and on study, and undergo CT with contrast, MRI, or FDG-PET throughout the trial as clinically indicated. Patients may also undergo bone scans on study and may undergo biopsies throughout the study as clinically indicated.
The invention provides a compound comprising one, two, three or more non-natural HRC sequence of a viral spike peptide conjugated to a hydrophobic moiety via an optional linker. The hydrophobic moiety can be a membrane integrating ligand, such as a cholesterol, a sphingolipid, a glycolipid, a glycerophospholipid. The non-natural viral spike peptide is preferably a coronavirus spike protein characterized by one or more D-amino acids. The peptides of the invention inhibit viral fusion. The invention includes compositions for the delivery of compounds of the invention, such as pulmonary or nasal delivery. The invention also provides a method of treating or preventing a viral infection, including for example a SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection, in a subject in need thereof comprising administering an effective amount of a compound of the invention.
Pharmaceutical collaborative care integrated in a psychosocial program. The clinical pharmacist will intervene in: 1) the pharmaceutical need assessment of caregivers; 2) collective session on medication management; and 3) optimization of drug prescribing. These collective and individual sessions of pharmaceutical care will allow an extended 18 month follow-up. Psychosocial intervention including collective sessions and individual interview in face-to-face and by phone. These sessions will allow an extended psychosocial follow-up over one year.
Risk Summary

There is no information regarding the presence of tamoxifen or its metabolites in human milk or its effects on the breastfed infant. Additional information from juvenile animal studies suggests a potential for serious long- term adverse effects for breastfed infants exposed to tamoxifen through breast milk [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4)]. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed infants from tamoxifen, advise a woman not to breastfeed during treatment with SOLTAMOX and for 3 months following the last dose.

Tamoxifen has been reported to inhibit lactation. Two placebo-controlled studies in over 150 women have shown that tamoxifen significantly inhibits early postpartum milk production. In both studies tamoxifen was administered within 24 hours of delivery for between 5 and 18 days. The effect of tamoxifen on established milk production is unknown.
PURPOSE:To provide a lipometabolism improving agent containing oxyethophylline as an active component, having the activity to increase the high density lipoprotein cholesterol in blood serum, and effective to the prevention and remedy of arteriosclerotic cardiopathy and cerebropathy. CONSTITUTION:Oxyethophylline is used as an active component of the titled agent. Preferably, the lipometabolism improving agent contains an arbitrary amount, e.g. 0.1-99.5%, especially 0.5-90% of the active component impregnated in a pharmacologically permissible non-toxic or inert carrier. The carrier is composed of one or more inert and pharmacologically permissible solid, semi- solid or liquid dilutent, filler and adjuvant for drug preparation. Dose: usually 50-2,500mg, preferably 200-600mg of the active component daily. It is administered by oral or parenteral administration, local application, or rectal infusion.
INTRODUCTION: In the era of chemo-immunotherapy, high-risk factors unequivocally predicted inferior outcomes for patients with CLL. The widespread adoption of BTK inhibitors has challenged the practical implications of such testing, as many patients have improved outcomes despite the presence of high-risk features. The impact of adverse prognostic factors, such as unmutated IGHV, on survival has been ameliorated by continuous treatment with BTK inhibitors, but not by finite-duration therapy with venetoclax-based combinations. Furthermore, TP53 abnormalities continue to be associated with worse outcomes in the era of novel agents. New treatment modalities, such as pirtobrutinib, lisocabtagene maraleucel, and ongoing studies combining BTK inhibitors with venetoclax, raise new questions on the significance of prognostic factors of survival for patients with CLL.
AREAS COVERED: Herein, we summarized the available literature on patients with CLL harboring high-risk biomarkers, with a focus on data from key clinical trials.
EXPERT OPINION: Testing for prognostic biomarkers will remain relevant to identify patients who may have increased benefit from novel therapeutic strategies, such as combination therapies and novel agents. Patients with high-risk disease should be encouraged to participate in clinical trials.
BACKGROUND: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a life-threatening neurological disease with various pathological mechanisms. Tetrahydropiperine (THP) is a natural alkaloid with protective effects against multiple diseases, such as seizure, and pain. This study was to examine the impact of THP on IS and investigate its potential mechanism.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: We employed network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques to identify the target proteins of THP for intervention in IS. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used to create a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion model. PC-12 cells were chosen to establish an oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) cell model. Disease modeling followed by nimodipine (NIMO); 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and rapamycin (RAP) interventions. Open field test, Longa score, balance beam test, and forelimb grip test were used to measure motor and neurological functions. The degree of neurological damage recovery was assessed through behavioral analysis, and cerebral infarction volume was determined using TTC staining. Morphological changes were examined through HE and Nissl staining, and ultrastructural changes in neurons were observed using transmission electron microscopy. The protein expression of autophagy and related pathways was analyzed through Western blot (WB). The appropriate hypoxia time and drug concentration were determined using CCK-8 assay, which also measured cell survival rate.
RESULTS: The network pharmacology findings indicated that the impact of THP on IS was enhanced in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. THP demonstrated robust docking capability with proteins associated with the autophagy and PI3K/Akt/mTOR, as indicated by the molecular docking outcomes. THP significantly improved behavioral damage, reduced the area of cerebral infarction, ameliorated histopathological damage from ischemia, increase neuronal survival, and alleviated ultrastructural damage in neurons (P < 0.05). THP enhanced the survival of PC-12 cells induced by OGD and ameliorated the morphological harm to the cells (P < 0.05). THP was found to elevate the quantities of P62, LC3-Ⅰ, PI3K, P-AKt/Akt, and P-mTOR/mTOR proteins while reducing the levels of Atg7 and Beclin1 proteins. The results of transmission electron microscopy showed no autophagosomes in the THP, 3-MA, and 3-MA + THP groups.
CONCLUSION: The activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway by THP inhibits autophagy and provides relief from neurological damage in IS.
OBJECTIVE: Studies of Wnt variants-related to bone resorption in periodontitis are limited. The aim of this study was to establish the genotype and allele frequency of gene variants associated with the Wnt pathway in systemically healthy individuals with and without periodontitis (PD).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred fifty-seven systemically healthy individuals were evaluated, 90 with PD and 67 without PD. Periodontal clinical indexes, serological and clinical indices of inflammation, and the following variants associated with the Wnt pathway: DKK, SOST, LRP5, and KREMEN were analyzed by high resolution melting and confirmed by Sanger sequencing.
RESULTS: In the PD-free group, 67.2% of the individuals presented the variant for DKKrs1896367 (p = 0.008) and 82.6% had the variant for KREMEN rs132274 (p = 0.016). The heterozygous variant for the DKK rs1896367 polymorphism was associated with the absence of PD and lower severity OR: 0.33 (CI95% 0.15-0.70) and OR: 0.24 (CI95% 0.11-0.53), respectively. Similarly, KREMEN rs132274 was the homozygous variant associated with the absence of PD (OR: 0.33 (CI95% 0.13-0.88)). On the contrary, 85.6% of individuals with PD presented a variant for DKK rs1896368 (p = 0.042), all suffering severe forms of periodontitis.
CONCLUSION: The presence of DKKrs1896367 and KREMENrs132274 variants in individuals without PD suggests that these single nucleotide polymorphisms could be protective factors for bone loss in PD. A very interesting finding is that the DKKrs1896368 variant was found in a high percentage of severe cases, suggesting that the presence of this variant may be related to the severe bone loss observed in PD.
BACKGROUND: This study presents a laparoscopic surgical protocol for right hemicolectomy and D3 lymphadenectomy (R-D3L) in right colon cancer and reports the oncological outcomes based on a prospective series.
METHODS: The study comprises two phases. In the first phase, a dynamic demonstration of the R-D3L surgical protocol is provided through textual explanation, illustrations, and edited surgical videos. The protocol emphasizes technical steps such as dissection of the embryological plane of the right mesocolon, high tie of ileocolic vessels, surgical trunk of Gillot dissection, and high tie of superior right colic vein (SRCV). In the second phase, a prospective observational study was conducted involving patients undergoing R-D3L surgery with this protocol between July 2015 and July 2021. Demographic, perioperative, and postoperative variables are analyzed, along with anatomopathological variables and oncological outcomes.
RESULTS: A total of 33 patients were analyzed. Median operative time was 202 min. Perioperative bleeding occurred in 6%. Postoperative complications were mild (Clavien-Dindo III in 2%). Postoperative ileus was observed in 15%. No anastomotic dehiscence was reported. The median postoperative stay was 7 days. The median number of resected lymph nodes was 26, with 27% having positive nodes and 70% were classified as stage T3 or T4. After a median follow-up of 45 months, local recurrence, distant recurrence, and carcinomatosis rates were 0%. Mortality rate from other causes was 9%.
CONCLUSION: The surgical protocol shown in the present study could help in the implementation of this technique in those units that consider it appropriate.
Patients with burn injury and inhalation injury are highly susceptible to infectious complications, including opportunistic pathogens, due to the loss of skin cover and mucosal damage of respiratory tract as well as the disruption of homeostasis. This case report, a 34-year-old man suffered critical burns, provides the first literature description of triple-impact immunoparalysis (critical burns, inhalation injury, and SARS-CoV-2 infection), leading to a lethal multifocal infection caused by several fungi including very rare environmental representatives Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Wickerhamomyces anomalus. The co-infection by these common environmental yeasts in a human is unique and has not yet been described in the literature. Importantly, our patient developed refractory septic shock and died despite targeted antifungal therapy including the most potent current antifungal agent-isavuconazole. It can be assumed that besides immunoparalysis, effectiveness of therapy by isavuconazole was impaired by the large distribution volume in this case. As this is a common situation in intensive care patients, routine monitoring of plasmatic concentration of isavuconazole can be helpful in personalization of the treatment and dose optimization. Whatmore, many fungal species often remain underdiagnosed during infectious complications, which could be prevented by implementation of new methods, such as next-generation sequencing, into clinical practice.
Customary sweetened healthy line of sport drinks. Utility and methods of manufacturing are disclosed. The products' line is designed to benefit healthy consumers beginning of age 5 Years old and up. The liquid drinks include sterilized milk or Lactaid 100%, organic or natural type derived from grass fed cows given no growth hormones or antibiotic and rich in Omega-3 and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). The milk is mixed with a portion of water having the pH between 6.5 and 8.5. Each sport drink further includes water soluble dietary fiber and a bouquet of proprietary essential oils or botanical extracts blend known for its natural benefits against many human ailments and tend to maintain the health of blood, kidney and digestive tract. The products' liquid solutions exhibit an average specific gravity range between 0.75 to 1.150. Additional ingredients such as natural preservatives, emulsifiers, proteins, vitamins and minerals may also be included to further enhance the aesthetics or authenticity of the presented line of intended healthy drinks. The manufacturing methods are simple but articulate.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lipolysis inhibitor and a stomach cancer cell proliferation inhibitor derived from Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze var. assamica Kitam. flower part, and to provide a novel saponin compound obtained by separating and purifying Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze var. assamica Kitam. flower part extract.SOLUTION: There are provided a lipolysis inhibitor and a stomach cancer cell proliferation inhibitor containing Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze var. assamica Kitam. flower part, Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze var. assamica Kitam. flower part extract, and a saponin compound obtained by separating and purifying Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze var. assamica Kitam. flower part extract as active ingredients; and a novel saponin compound obtained by separating and purifying Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze var. assamica Kitam. flower part extract.
The invention comprises 5-aminoalkyl-5,7-dihydro - 6H - dibenzo[d,f][1,3]diazepin-6-one compounds of the formula <FORM:0984092/C2/1> and acid addition salts thereof; where n is 2 or 3; R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl, ethyl or benzyl radical; R1 represents a methyl or ethyl radical; and R2 and R3 are the same and represent hydrogen or halogen atoms or methyl radicals. Compounds of the above formula where R is a methyl, ethyl or benzyl radical are prepared either by reacting an alkali metal salt of a compound of the formula <FORM:0984092/C2/2> with an aminoalkylhalide of the formula <FORM:0984092/C2/3> or, alternatively, by reacting a 2-amino-21-(aminoalkylamino -biphenyl compound of the formula <FORM:0984092/C2/4> with a reactive derivative of carbonic acid, e.g. urea, phosgene, ammonium carbamate or an alkali metal salt of cyanic acid; where R4 represents a methyl, ethyl or benzyl radical, X represents a halogen atom and n.  R1, R2 and R3 have the abovementioned significance. Compounds of Formula I in which R represents a hydrogen atom are prepared by hydrogenolysis of the corresponding benzyl compound.  Starting materials of formula II may be prepared by reacting a diaminobiphenyl compound of the formula <FORM:0984092/C2/5> with urea at a temperature between 180 DEG  C. and 210 DEG  C. until evolution of ammonia ceases. The alkali metal salts may be prepared by heating the dibenzo diazepinone compound with an alkali metal amide or hydride at the reflux temperature of the reaction solvent until salt formation is complete.  Starting materials of formula III may be prepared by reduction of biphenyl compounds of the formula <FORM:0984092/C2/6> which may in turn be prepared by the amino-alkylation of compounds of the formula <FORM:0984092/C2/7> or a N-formyl derivatives thereof with an aminoalkylhalide of the formula <FORM:0984092/C2/8> 2,21 - Diaminobiphenyl compounds of formula IV may be prepared by catalytic reduction of the corresponding 2,21-dinitrobiphenyl compounds.  2 - Nitro - 21 - aminobiphenyl compounds of formula VI may be prepared by selective reduction of the corresponding 2,21-dinitrobiphenyl compounds.  Pharmaceutical compositions for oral or parenteral administration comprise a compound of the invention together with a pharmaceutical diluent and/or excipient.  The compositions are active as central nervous system stimulants and diuretic agents and may be formulated as tablets, pills, sachets, packaged or encapsulated powders, solutions or suspensions.