anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Natural products and their bioactive compounds have been used for centuries to prevent and treat numerous diseases. Kaempferol, a flavonoid found in vegetables, fruits, and spices, is recognized for its various beneficial properties, including its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. This molecule has been identified as a potential means of managing different pathogenesis due to its capability to manage various biological activities. Moreover, this compound has a wide range of health-promoting benefits, such as cardioprotective, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-diabetic, and has a role in maintaining eye, skin, and respiratory system health. Furthermore, it can also inhibit tumor growth and modulate various cell-signaling pathways. In vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that this compound has been shown to increase efficacy when combined with other natural products or drugs. In addition, kaempferol-based nano-formulations are more effective than kaempferol treatment alone. This review aims to provide detailed information about the sources of this compound, its bioavailability, and its role in various pathogenesis. Although there is promising evidence for its ability to manage diseases, it is crucial to conduct further investigations to know its toxicity, safety aspects, and mechanism of action in health management.
Oxygen supplementation is a widely used treatment for ICU patients. However, it can lead to hyperoxia, which in turn can result in oxidative stress, cardiac remodeling, and even mortality. This paper expands upon previous research conducted by our lab to establish time-dependent cardiac changes under hyperoxia. In this study, both young and aged mice (male and female) underwent 72 h of hyperoxia exposure and were monitored at 24-hour intervals for cardiac electrophysiological and functional parameters using ECG and electrocardiogram data. Our analysis showed that young male mice experienced significant weight loss as well as significant lung edema by 48 h. Although young male mice were highly susceptible to physical changes, they were resistant to early cardiac functional and electrophysiological changes compared to the other groups. Both young and aged female and aged males developed functional impairments by 24 h of hyperoxia exposure. Furthermore, sex and age differences were noted in the onset of electrophysiological changes. While some groups could resist early cardiac remodeling, our data suggests that 72 h of hyperoxia exposure is sufficient to induce significant cardiac remodeling across all age and sex groups. Our data establishes that time-dependent cardiac changes due to oxygen supplementation can have devastating consequences even with short exposure periods. These findings can aid in developing clinical practices for individuals admitted to the ICU by elucidating the impact of aging, sex, and length of stay under mechanical ventilation to limit hyperoxia-induced cardiac remodeling.
Enzyme prepns. with in vivo haemostatic activity at low doses and anticoagulant activity at high doses when administered intravenously, contain an enzyme mixt. from the venom of Bothrops atrox or other snakes whose venoms are immunologically cross-reactive with Bothrops atrox venom, which (a) has thrombin-like endopeptidase activity; (b) contains a carbohydrate component and a peptide component contg. >=1 polypeptides of mol. wt. 18,000-55,000; (c) has a neutral sugar content of 2-10 wt.% (based on protein); (d) is sparingly soluble in dist. H2O but readily soluble in physiological saline; (e) forms water-insol. complexes with phenol (derivs.); (f) coagulates fibrinogen by selective elimination of fibrinopeptide A without releasing fibrinopeptide B; (g) has a thrombin-like activity corresp. to 30-450 NIH thrombia units/mg. protein; (h) splits methyl tosylarginine and gelatin, but not methyl lysine, ethyl phenylalanine, N-acetylmethionine, N-acetyltyrosine, leucylglycine or caseine, (i) is not inhibited by heparin, heparinoids, hirudin, antithrombins or the Kunitz polyvalent peptidase inhibitor; (k) is 95% inhibited in coagulation and esterase activity within 2 hrs. at an enzyme concn. of 5 mg./ml. by 2.5 x 10-3M diisopropyl fluorophosphate at pH 8; (l) is inhibited by methyl tosylarginine and the antibody in the antibothrops serum; (m) is not bonded and thus inhibited by fibrin; (n) has a longer half-life than heparin; (o) causes formation of a fibrin deriv. which reacts with excess fibrinogen to form a non-polymerisable fibrin-fibrinogen complex; (p) acts on fibrinogen to form a fibrin differing from fibrin formed by thrombin in that it is quickly hydrolysed by fibrinolytic enzymes in the presence of activated factor XIII and Ca ions, and is soluble in 5M aq. urea; and (q) causes defibrinogenation and secondary fibrinolysis without bleeding or thromboembolytic side effects.
Pain perception and its modulation are fundamental to human learning and adaptive behavior. This study investigated the hypothesis that pain perception is tied to pain's learning function. Thirty-one participants performed a threat conditioning task where certain cues were associated with a possibility of receiving a painful electric shock. The cues that signaled potential pain or safety were regularly changed, requiring participants to continually establish new associations. Using computational models, we quantified participants' pain expectations and prediction errors throughout the task and assessed their relationship with pain perception and electrophysiological responses. Our findings suggest that subjective pain perception increases with prediction error, that is, when pain was unexpected. Prediction errors were also related to physiological nociceptive responses, including the amplitude of nociceptive flexion reflex and electroencephalography markers of cortical nociceptive processing (N1-P2-evoked potential and gamma-band power). In addition, higher pain expectations were related to increased late event-related potential responses and alpha/beta decreases in amplitude during cue presentation. These results further strengthen the idea of a crucial link between pain and learning and suggest that understanding the influence of learning mechanisms in pain modulation could help us understand when and why pain perception is modulated in health and disease.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a severe, chronic, disabling autoimmune disease that significantly affects health status and quality of life. Since the disease occurs most often in young to middle-aged adults, SLE can also affect work and disability. However, there is currently little information on work-related disability from longitudinal, population-based studies of SLE.

The Carolina Lupus Study is a large (265 cases, 355 controls) case-control study of SLE in eastern North Carolina and South Carolina. Patients were recently diagnosed (median time from diagnosis to enrollment was 13 months) and were referred from university and community rheumatologists (approximately 50% from each source). Controls were selected using a population-based sampling method (state driver's license registries). A standardized in-person interview was conducted that included demographic, reproductive, and occupational histories, and a blood sample was collected from 92% of cases and 85% of controls. Approximately 60% of the study patients (n=150) are African-Americans. The Carolina Lupus Study cohort provides an opportunity to examine disability and disease severity measures in a population-based sample of SLE patients diagnosed within a relatively short period (1995-1999).

Participants were enrolled into the Carolina Lupus Study between February, 1997 and July, 1999. We conducted two telephone contacts with patients and one telephone contact with controls in a follow-up study completed in 2001. Funding for the proposed follow-up is provided by The National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (NIAMS), NIH Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center for Rheumatologic Diseases in African Americans (Project C - Genetic and environmental influences on the development and progression of lupus nephritis). Patient contact will follow an introductory letter that describes the proposed follow-up study interviews which are planned to begin in late 2003. This letter provides participants the opportunity (via a toll-free phone number) to decline further contact about this study. The 30-minute telephone interview will cover hospitalizations, current health status, work and disability issues, and changes in exposures since the 2001 follow-up interview.

Controls will not be contacted for this year's follow-up but may be contacted during subsequent years. A total of 101 cases from the UNC Lupus Nephritis Study will also be included in this follow-up. Disease damage will be assessed using the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Damage Index, a standardized and validated instrument that is completed by the patient's physician. Written consent will be obtained before any information is obtained from the patient's physician or medical record. We will seek death certificates for patients and controls who have died in order to obtain cause of death information.
Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are typically derived from the endogenous elements of necrosis cells and can trigger inflammatory responses by activating DAMPs-sensing receptors on immune cells. Failure to clear DAMPs may lead to persistent inflammation, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of immunological diseases. This review focuses on a newly recognized class of DAMPs derived from lipid, glucose, nucleotide, and amino acid metabolic pathways, which are then termed as metabolite-derived DAMPs. This review summarizes the reported molecular mechanisms of these metabolite-derived DAMPs in exacerbating inflammation responses, which may attribute to the pathology of certain types of immunological diseases. Additionally, this review also highlights both direct and indirect clinical interventions that have been explored to mitigate the pathological effects of these DAMPs. By summarizing our current understanding of metabolite-derived DAMPs, this review aims to inspire future thoughts and endeavors on targeted medicinal interventions and the development of therapies for immunological diseases.
After curretage a light-sensitizer (methyl aminolaevulinate cream) was applied on the lesions and covered with an occlusive plastic foil for 2-3-h incubation. Then a local lidocaine anaesthetic spray was applied. The lesions were illuminated with a red LED light for 7-8 min (exposure 75 J/cm2, wavelength 630 nm).
Continuous pulse oximetry monitoring is the standard of care in critically ill patients in emergency departments, operating rooms and intensive care units. In patients with poor peripheral perfusion (low blood flow) due to peripheral vascular disease, low body temperature, or shock and the use of medications to raise the blood pressure, clinicians have difficulty obtaining an accurate measurement. Several studies have demonstrated the utility of forehead sensor measurements under these clinical conditions. Forehead sensor measurement is considered to be a more central measurement than with digit or ear sensors. However the sensor requires a head band for accurate measurement. On a regular basis, the forehead sensor has led to pressure ulcer development at Barnes-Jewish Hospital despite following vendor recommendations for alternating placement every 8 hours from one side of the forehead to the other. An alternate sensor placed on the nose has recently demonstrated rapid detection of induced drops in oxygen saturation. It has also demonstrated correlation with arterial oxygen saturation measured in a clinical laboratory. The oxygen saturation measurement from the nose is also considered a central measurement. However, studies of the nose sensor were conducted in healthy subjects or during anesthesia care over several hours. Therefore, research is needed to examine the accuracy of the nose sensor in the ICU patient population. In addition, due to concerns for sensor related pressure ulcers in patients with decreased perfusion, the sensor needs to be evaluated for extended periods of time.
The starting dose of alemtuzumab was 3 mg. The dose was gradually escalated on a daily basis (3 mg, 10 mg, and then 30 mg) until the patient tolerated a dose of 30 mg IV infusion over 2 hours. All subsequent doses of alemtuzumab were 30 mg IV 3 times a week (every other day).
Human-hair waving preparations containing one or more water-soluble salts of mercaptans or of carboxylic thio acids containing one or more SH groups (particularly of thioglycollic acid) have incorporated in them prior to use one or more metal ammine salts which are soluble in ammoniacal solutions but of which the corresponding metal sulphides are insoluble or only sparingly soluble in water, which ammine salts are reactive with hydrogen sulphide at room temperatures.  Examples of suitable ammine salts are water-soluble salts of cupro-tetrammine, cadmium-tetrammine, zinc-tetrammine and cobalt-hexammine and complex nickel-ammine salts, zinc-tetrammine being preferred owing to its low toxicity.  The proportion of metal ammine salt present in the preparation may range from 0.1 per cent by weight up to the maximum which can be dissolved in the preparation. An example is furnished of a cold wave lotion containing 6.0 per cent by weight of ammonium thioglycollate and 2.0 per cent of ammonia (calculated as NH3), with which is incorporated 3.0 per cent of zinc-tetrammine sulphate and sufficient water to make 100 per cent. In another example a hair-waving solution also intended for use at room temperature contains 5 per cent by weight of the ammonium salt of alpha-mono-thioglycerol, 2.0 per cent of ammonia (calculated as NH3), with which is incorporated 3.0 per cent of zinc-tetrammine sulphate and sufficient water to make 100 per cent.  The hydrogen sulphide generated by the reaction with the hair of the thioglycollate or other active ingredient of the preparations converts the ammine salt also present into the corresponding metal sulphide, and the unpleasant odour which would otherwise result during the use of the preparations is thus prevented.
BACKGROUND: Hepatic fibrosis is becoming an increasingly serious public health issue worldwide. Although liver transplantation is the only and definitive treatment for end-stage liver fibrosis, traditional Chinese medicine offers certain benefits in the treatment of advanced hepatic fibrosis.
PURPOSE: This study aims to explore the protective effect of lithospermic acid (LA), an extraction from Salvia miltiorrhiza (the roots of S. miltiorrhiza Bunge, known as Danshen in Chinese), on liver fibrosis and investigate its potential mechanisms.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Mice were treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) via intraperitoneal injection for 4 weeks. LA was orally administered or colchicine (COL) was injected intraperitoneally for 3 weeks starting one week after the initial CCl4 injection. After the LA treatment, we observed a decrease in the fibrosis index and an improvement in liver function. Molecular docking results revealed that Piezo1 may be a potential pharmacological target of LA. The further experimental results showed that LA inhibited Piezo1 activation and expression in macrophages. Mechanistically, both Piezo1/Notch-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress regulated by the Piezo1/Ca2+ pathway were alleviated in fibrotic livers following LA treatment. Moreover, less oxidative stress and Notch activation were observed in the deficiency of macrophage Piezo1 (Piezo1ΔLysM) mice. In addition, Piezo1ΔLysM partially counteracted the pharmacological effects of LA on liver fibrosis.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, our present study corroborated LA limits the progression of liver fibrosis by regulating Piezo1-mediated oxidative stress and inflammation. These results indicate that LA could be a potential medication for hepatic fibrosis treatment.
Patients with early biochemical relapse of prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy who have a PSA of greater than or equal to 0.1 to less than 0.3 ng/mL with negative PSMA PET/CT will receive salvage radiotherapy to the prostate bed. This radiotherapy may or may not include the pelvic lymph nodes.
Hyperlipidaemia is a major risk factor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Risk of cardiovascular events depends on cumulative lifetime exposure to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and, independently, on the time course of exposure to LDL-C, with early exposure being associated with a higher risk1. Furthermore, LDL-C fluctuations are associated with ASCVD outcomes2-4. However, the precise mechanisms behind this increased ASCVD risk are not understood. Here we find that early intermittent feeding of mice on a high-cholesterol Western-type diet (WD) accelerates atherosclerosis compared with late continuous exposure to the WD, despite similar cumulative circulating LDL-C levels. We find that early intermittent hyperlipidaemia alters the number and homeostatic phenotype of resident-like arterial macrophages. Macrophage genes with altered expression are enriched for genes linked to human ASCVD in genome-wide association studies. We show that LYVE1+ resident macrophages are atheroprotective, and identify biological pathways related to actin filament organization, of which alteration accelerates atherosclerosis. Using the Young Finns Study, we show that exposure to cholesterol early in life is significantly associated with the incidence and size of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in mid-adulthood. In summary, our results identify early intermittent exposure to cholesterol as a strong determinant of accelerated atherosclerosis, highlighting the importance of optimal control of hyperlipidaemia early in life, and providing insights into the underlying biological mechanisms. This knowledge will be essential to designing effective therapeutic strategies to combat ASCVD.
Focus on longitudinal analysis of TCR repertoire of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from blood samples (PBMCs) from clinically characterized patients (n = 24). The bulk- T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing will be performed at different time points during the course of disease progression and recovery.
Placebo Tablets, specification: 500mg(without echinoside) Single dose. Groups 2 to 6 received the placebo in 2 patients per group. Multi-dose ascending. Two people in each group received placebo 3 times a day for 14 consecutive days.
In this study, 20 healthy, non smoking, adult male volunteers (age: 30-45 years, weight: 65-80 kg) will carry out screening procedures which include instruction and practice with the placebo metered dose inhaler devices that will be used in the study. In addition, all subjects were fully informed in writing of the objectives and implications of the trial. No subject will be considered for the study if developed any symptoms of allergic disorders. Subjects will follow a normal diet and will not receive any other medications. Volunteers will be divided into two groups; each group contained 10 volunteers who will receive one formula of the selected formulae.

Each volunteer will inhale eight puffs (4 puffs at -5 min \& 4 puffs at 0 min) which are equivalent to 0.8 mg of salbutamol sulphate . To inhale through metered dose inhalers, volunteers will be trained to exhale slowly to their residual volume (as far as comfortable), put the inhaler into their mouth and seal their lips round the mouth piece. Then they will be instructed to take a slow deep inspiration to their total lung capacity over approximately 5-10 seconds. At the end of each inhalation, they will hold their breath for 10 seconds and then breathe normally (Ball et al, 2002) . Three milliliters of blood will be withdrawn at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 h after administration. The blood will be heparinized immediately and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes. The plasma samples will be stored at freeze temperature until analysis. Two different formulae will be compared during the first six hours following administration. The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), the time required to reach maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) and the area under plasma concentration time curve (AUC) will be calculated using validated Excel software.
PURPOSE: To provide a storage stable mesna parenteral soln. for an oxyaxaphosphorine side effect. CONSTITUTION: This storage stable mesna parenteral soln. suppresses decomposition by controlling a mesna (chemical name: 2-mercaptoethane sodium sulfonate) to a pH value higher than 7.5 by addition of an alkaline material. This parenteral soln. contains, for example, by 1 pt.wt. (hereafter pt.) mesna, 0.00002 to 2.0 pts., more particularly 0.0001 to 0.7 pts. complex forming agent Na-EDTA, 0.0002 to 2.0 pts., more particularly 0.004 to 1.4 pts. sodium hydroxide for pH control and 0.001 to 30 pts., more particularly 0.018 to 12.0 pts. benzyl alcohol as a preserving agent. The weight of the mesna in the parenteral soln. ranges from 1 to 54 mg/ml. The mesna protects the urinary excretion organs at the time of the treatment of the tumor diseases for which, for example, ifosamide is used, and is further used as a viscous liquid dissolving agent from old times.
Sulphonates of the sesquiterpenes santalene or caryophyllene are prepared by adding concentrated sulphuric acid to a mixture of the hydrocarbon with acetic anhydride.  Water is added to the mixture after reaction and the whole neutralized by alkali and the oil layer removed.  The alkaline sulphonate is extracted from the aqueous solution with chloroform, the chloroform evaporated, the residue redissolved in water and extracted with ether to remove any remaining oil, and the aqueous solution evaporated to dryness.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 relates also to the use of esters of santalol, such as acetates, oleates, valerianates and salicylates, and the mono-santallic esters of succinic, phthalic and camphoric acids, and similar esters of caryophyllenic alcohol; of the alkaline salts and esters of the acids found in the resinous portion of oil of copaive, viz., illurinic, b -metacopaivic, p-copaivic, and homoparacopaivic acids; and of derivatives of the hydrocarbons santene and caryophyllene formed by introduction into the nucleus or side chain of groups such as nitro, nitrous, amine, or hydroxyl.  The method of manufacture of the foregoing compounds is not described.  The various derivatives may be administered in water or oil or insoluble derivatives may be rendered soluble in water by association with the sulphonates or salicylates. The prior use of suspension of sandal wood oil in water, or of solutions of the oil in peanut oil is referred to.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Sulphonates of the sesquiterpenes santalene and caryophyllene are prepared for use in medicine by injection or local application.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 relates also to the use of esters of santalol or of caryophallenic alcohol such as acetates, oleates, valerianates, and salicylates and the mono esters of succinic, phthalic, and camphoric acids, of alkaline salts or esters of various acids found in the resinous portion of oil of copsiva, and of derivatives of the hydrocarbons santene and caryophyllene obtained by the introduction of various substituents, such as nitro, nitrous, amine or hydroxyl, into the nucleus or side chain.  The various derivatives may be administered in water or oil, and insoluble derivatives may be rendered soluble in water by association with the sulphonates or salicylates.  The prior use of suspensions of sandal wood oil in water, or of solutions of the oil in peanut oil is referred to. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.