anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Diet is a crucial target for the improvement of human health. In the modern world, diets are diverse and diet related diseases are becoming more and more common. In particular, it is becoming increasingly apparent that the bacteria that live in the gut are strongly linked to both diet and health. Bacteria in the gut can be beneficial or harmful, and the health of the gut relies on the beneficial bacteria outnumbering the harmful ones. Diet has a great impact on the bacterial composition of the gut. In turn, the gut bacteria play diverse roles in human health, influencing not only the gut but also the health of the immune system, heart and brain. Therefore, optimising the composition of the gut bacterial is vital to human health and wellbeing.

It has been shown that snacks between meals contributes 420 - 480 calories per day, almost a quarter of the recommended intake. Therefore, snack choices are an area of diet and lifestyle that have the potential to influence diet and in turn the health of our gut and gut bacteria. We would like to assess the effect of replacing usual snacks with alternative snack foods that we believe have benefits for gut health.

The primary aim of the study is to investigate whether the replacement of usual snacks has an effect on gut bacterial composition, specifically the abundance of Bifidobacteria. Secondary aims include the effect of the intervention snacks on additional measures of gut health such as gut transit time, the frequency and consistency of bowel movements and gut symptoms e.g. heartburn, nausea, belching etc. The effect of snack foods on metabolites in the blood (e.g. glucose, insulin, lipids) will also be determined. Finally the impact of snack replacement on mood and quality of life will be assessed.
BACKGROUND: Recent infection with SARS‑CoV‑2 in children has been associated with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). SARS‑CoV‑2 has undergone different mutations. Few publications exist about specific variants and their correlation with the severity of MIS-C.
METHODS: This was a single-center, retrospective study including all patients admitted with MIS-C at Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego between May 2020 and March 2022. Local epidemiologic data, including viral genomic information, were obtained from public records. Demographics, clinical presentation, laboratory values, and outcomes were obtained from electronic medical records.
RESULTS: The analysis included 104 pediatric patients. Four MIS-C waves were identified. Circulating variants in San Diego during the first wave included clades 20A to C. During the second wave, there were variants from clades 20A to C, 20G, 21C (Epsilon), 20I (Alpha), and 20J (Gamma). The third wave had Delta strains (clades 21A, 21I, and 21J), and the fourth had Omicron variants (clades 21K, 21L, and 22C). MIS-C presented with similar symptoms and laboratory findings across all waves. More patients were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) (74%) and required inotropic support (63%) during the second wave. None of the patients required mechanical circulatory support, and only two required invasive ventilatory support. There was no mortality.
CONCLUSIONS: The various strains of SARS-CoV-2 triggered MIS-C with differing severities, with the second wave having a more severe clinical course. Whether the differences in disease severity across variants were due to changes in the virus or other factors remains unknown.
Patients with Idiopathic Parkinson's disease have balance and gait problems due to sensory and motor impairments. In the literature, there are lots of studies including various approaches for rehabilitation of these parameters such as sensory interventions, conservative treatments, neurophysiological approaches and motor imagery. The posture of the cervical region is impaired by the findings of the disease such as rigidity, flexor posture and loss of axial rotation. Considering that the cervical region is rich in proprioceptors and one of the key points for the vestibular system, interventions to this area can be thought to contribute to postural control and gait. However, taking into account of literature, there is no study investigating the effects on balance and gait of cervical mobilization by stimulating proprioceptors and vestibular receptors. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the acute effect of cervical mobilization on balance and gait in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
The investigators would like to prospectively measure the impact on recall rates, comparing DM (digital mammography) and DM+DBT, in our practice and the impact on cancer detection in our screening population. This is a two-site study in which all asymptomatic subjects undergoing the FDA-approved combination standard of care Digital Mammogram and Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DM+DBT) exam will be eligible for the trial. Each subject will be her own control.Only radiologists who have gone through 8 hours of Tomosynthesis training will interpret the DM and DBT images. These radiologists will categorize each case as either dense (BI-RADS density score of 3 or 4) or fatty (BI-RADS density score of 1 or 2). The radiologist will initially read the standard of care DM part of the study first and record their interpretation and final BIRADs category. The same radiologist will then interpret the DM+DBT combination study and record their final interpretation and BIRADs category. Prior mammogram studies will be used for comparison when reading the DM and DM+DBT studies.
Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) recognizes bacterial, viral and self DNA and play an important role in immunity and inflammation. However, the role of TLR9 in obesity is less well-studied. Here, we generate B-cell-specific Tlr9-deficient (Tlr9fl/fl/Cd19Cre+/-, KO) B6 mice and model obesity using a high-fat diet. Compared with control mice, B-cell-specific-Tlr9-deficient mice exhibited increased fat tissue inflammation, weight gain, and impaired glucose and insulin tolerance. Furthermore, the frequencies of IL-10-producing-B cells and marginal zone B cells were reduced, and those of follicular and germinal center B cells were increased. This was associated with increased frequencies of IFNγ-producing-T cells and increased follicular helper cells. In addition, gut microbiota from the KO mice induced a pro-inflammatory state leading to immunological and metabolic dysregulation when transferred to germ-free mice. Using 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, we identify altered gut microbial communities including reduced Lachnospiraceae, which may play a role in altered metabolism in KO mice. We identify an important network involving Tlr9, Irf4 and Il-10 interconnecting metabolic homeostasis, with the function of B and T cells, and gut microbiota in obesity.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Knee osteoarthritis is a debilitating chronic disease affecting nearly half of the world's population at some point in their lives. Treatment of pain and loss of function associated with this disease has been limited. In this review, we seek to explore how neural interventions with ultrasound guidance may be an emerging option for non-pharmacologic pain relief in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
RECENT FINDINGS: Cryoneurolysis techniques have been demonstrated to provide pain relief out to 150 days post-treatment in knee osteoarthritis in select individuals. There have also been studies of cryoneurolysis pre-operatively to total knee replacement providing reduced pain, reduced opioid use post-operatively, and shorter hospital length of stay. Cooled radiofrequency ablation (CRFA) has been demonstrated to significantly reduce pain, improve functionality, and reduce pharmacologic needs in knee osteoarthritis out to 2 years. Both interventions appear to have increased accuracy with ultrasound, and CRFA appears to be associated with improved patient outcomes. The research demonstrates the efficacy of both cryoneurolysis and cooled radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Ultrasound guidance in neurolysis provides an additional tool with real-time, high-accuracy nerve localization. These therapies should be considered for certain patients to assist in pain management in the non-operative and post-operative phase of knee osteoarthritis management. Further research is needed to further define the long-term effects and the long-term utility of the techniques in knee pain.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide rapamycin analogs having potentially enhanced resisting properties against oxidizing power and better stability in formulations.  <P>SOLUTION: The rapamycin analogs having an antioxidant part, or pharmaceutically acceptable their salts or prodrugs are an immunomodulatory agent useful in treating restenosis, and immune and autoimmune diseases. Compositions and methods of inhibiting cancer, fungal growth, restenosis, post-transplant tissue rejection, and immune and autoimmune diseases in a mammal, are disclosed. One specific preferable application of the rapamycin analogs having an antioxidant part is a medical device. Where the analogs are essentially required of stability and resisting properties against oxidation prosesses, for the success of a rapamycin-containing combination device.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
The present invention relates to compositions of soybean isoflavone glycoside, and a preparing method and the application thereof. The present invention provides 3 compositions of soybean isoflavone glycoside for preparing medicine for treating climacteric syndrome and obliterative cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of persons in middle and old age caused by female hormone lack. The composition contains the compositions of isoflavone glycoside, such as soybean glycoside, glycitein glycoside and genistin. The composition contains 90% to 100% of 3 kinds of isoflavone glycoside; meanwhile, the composition contains 2 to 3 parts of isoflavone glycoside, 1 to 2 parts of glycitein glycoside and 3 to 4 parts of genistin. The composition can be prepared into various dosage forms. Soybeans are extracted with alcohol, and extracted liquid is concentrated, and is extracted by petroleum ether; extracted liquid is dried by vacuum to obtain dry powder; the dry powder is dissolved, and solution is made to pass through a macroporous adsorptive resin column to obtain eluate; the eluate is dried by vacuum to obtained dry powder; the sample stir of dry powder is carry out with silica gel; the chromatography of the dry powder is carried out with a silica gel column; eluate is concentrated, and is dried by vacuum to obtain the compositions.
1320974 Preparing 1-aminecyclohexylpenicillin KYOWA HAKKO KOGYO CO Ltd 13 Oct 1970 [24 Oct 1969] 48642/70 Heading C2A A-Aminoeyelohexylpenicillin is prepared by reacting a penicillin (other than 1-aminocyclohexylpenicillin) or 6-aminopenicillanic acid with 1-aminocyclohexyl carboxylic acid or an N-acylating derivative thereof in the presence of a 1 - aminocyclohexylpenicillin - producing enzyme from a micro-organism of the genera: Pseudomonas, Kluyvera, Escherichia, Aeroboater, Micrococcus, Streptomyces, Nocardia, Aspergillus or Penicillium. The particular organisms used are Pseudomonas melanogenum, Kluyvera citrophila, Escherichia coli, Aerobacter aerogenes, Streptomyces phaeochromogenes, Nocardia globerula, Aspergillus oryzae, and Penicillium chrysogenum. The enzyme may be in the form of the whole or cell-free fermentation broth, the fresh cells or an acetone powder thereof or a purified enzyme preparation. The micro-organism is cultivated in conventional nutrient medium except in the case of Kluyvera aitrophila when the medium contains 0À2% phenylacetic acid. The process is preferably carried out either by simply adding the substrates to the fermenting broth and continuing the cultivation or by separating the cells by centrifuging, resuspending them in buffer solution and adding the substrates to the suspension. The reaction conditions vary according to the enzyme-producing micro-organism, from pH 3 to 8 and 25‹ to 50‹ C. The preferred penicillin substrates are benzylpenicillin, phenoxymethylpenicillin or 6-aminopenicillanic acid, or base and acid-addition salts thereof. The 1- aminocyclohexyl carboxylic acid may be used as such or in the form of the amide, alkyl ester, alkali metal salt or acid-addition salt. The product may be recovered by removing the cells or mycelium if present, followed by extraction with water-immiscible solvent, absorption on ion-exchange resin or charcoal, by isoelectric point precipitation and/or precipitation with a water-miscible non-solvent.
Epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by prolonged and excessive seizures, has been linked to elevated levels of the tumor suppressor gene p53, which contributes to neuronal dysfunction. This review explores the molecular mechanisms of p53 in epilepsy and discusses potential future therapeutic strategies. Research indicates that changes in p53 expression during neuronal apoptosis, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress play a significant role in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Elevated p53 disrupts glutamatergic neurotransmission and hyperactivates NMDA and AMPA receptors, leading to increased neuronal calcium influx, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and activation of apoptotic pathways mediated neuronal dysfunction, exacerbating epileptogenesis. The involvement of p53 in epilepsy suggests that targeting this protein could be beneficial in mitigating neuronal damage and preventing seizure recurrence. Pharmacological agents like pifithrin-α have shown promise in reducing p53-mediated apoptosis and seizure severity. Gene therapy approaches, such as viral vector-mediated delivery of wild-type p53 or RNA interference targeting mutant p53, have also been effective in restoring normal p53 function and reducing seizure susceptibility. Despite these advances, the heterogeneous nature of epilepsy and potential long-term side effects of p53 modulation present challenges. Future research should focus on elucidating the precise molecular mechanisms of p53 and developing personalized therapeutic strategies. Modulating p53 activity holds promise for reducing seizure susceptibility and improving the quality of life for individuals with epilepsy. The current review provides the understanding the intricate role of p53 in neuroinflammatory pathways, including JAK-STAT, JNK, NF-κB, Sonic Hedgehog, and Wnt, is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of primary bone malignancy. Common genetic variants including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with osteosarcoma risk, however, the results of published studies are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to systematically review genetic association studies to identify SNPs associated with osteosarcoma risk and the effect of race on these associations. We searched the Medline, Embase, Scopus from inception to the end of 2019. Seventy-five articles were eligible for inclusion. These studies investigated the association of 190 SNPs across 79 genes with osteosarcoma, 18 SNPs were associated with the risk of osteosarcoma in the main analysis or in subgroup analysis. Subgroup analysis displayed conflicting effects between Asians and Caucasians. Our review comprehensively summarized the results of published studies investigating the association of genetic variants with osteosarcoma susceptibility, however, their potential value should be confirmed in larger cohorts in different ethnicities.
A method of measuring soluble or insoluble cell or tissue-associated collagenase activity. The substrate includes native collagen fibrils that were stained with COOMASSIE Brilliant Blue R-250. Incubation with collagenase can be observed in real-time by the generation of digested smaller fragments. The degraded blue fragments are obtained by filtration through class fibers, onto which intact collagen fibrils are retained. The filtrate containing the blue collagen fragments is incubated with a detergent in order to extract the blue dye, and the mixture is centrifuged in order to separate the dye in the supernatant from the pellet, which contains de-stained collagen fragments and other insoluble materials contained in the test samples (such as bacterial cells or tissues). The amount of dye extracted is quantified by measuring the amount of dye extracted from these fragments, i.e., the absorbance at 600 nm using a spectrophotometer or an ELISA reader.
Patients in the paste group were treated with Nanxing paste on the affected region include shoulder, neck or back and no more than 3 pieces. The therapy duration was 6 days.
Oxaprozin was evaluated for managing the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis in placebo and active controlled clinical trials in a total of 646 patients. Oxaprozin was given in single or divided daily doses of 600 to 1800 mg/day and was found to be comparable to 2600 to 3900 mg/day of aspirin. At these doses there was a trend (over all trials) for oxaprozin to be more effective and cause fewer gastrointestinal side effects than aspirin.

Oxaprozin was given as a once-a-day dose of 1200 mg in most of the clinical trials, but larger doses (up to 26 mg/kg or 1800 mg/day) were used in selected patients. In some patients, oxaprozin may be better tolerated in divided doses. Due to its long half-life, several days of oxaprozin therapy were needed for the drug to reach its full effect [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.5)] .
A 1ml blood sample was obtained for 30 minutes pre and 120 minutes post-kisspeptin-10 (metastin 45-54, Calbiochem, Darmstadt, Germany) injection periods at 30 min intervals (-30, 0, 30, 60, 90, 120). The dose was 9.5 µg/BW.
5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO), a fatty acid oxygenase, is the central enzyme in leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis, potent arachidonic acid-derived lipid mediators released by innate immune cells, that control inflammatory and allergic responses. In addition, through interaction with 12- and 15-lipoxgenases, the enzyme is involved in the formation of omega-3 fatty acid-based oxylipins, which are thought to be involved in the resolution of inflammation. The expression of 5-LO is frequently deregulated in solid and liquid tumors, and there is strong evidence that the enzyme plays an important role in carcinogenesis. However, global inhibition of LT formation and signaling has not yet shown the desired success in clinical trials. Curiously, the release of 5-LO-derived lipid mediators from tumor cells is often low, and the exact mechanism by which 5-LO influences tumor cell function is poorly understood. Recent data now show that in addition to releasing oxylipins, 5-LO can also influence gene expression in a lipid mediator-independent manner. These non-canonical functions, including modulation of miRNA processing and transcription factor shuttling, most likely influence cancer cell function and the tumor microenvironment and might explain the low clinical efficacy of pharmacological strategies that previously only targeted oxylipin formation and signaling by 5-LO. This review summarizes the canonical and non-canonical functions of 5-LO with a particular focus on tumorigenesis, highlights unresolved issues, and suggests future research directions.
BACKGROUND: The relationship between ferroptosis and the progression and treatment of hematological tumors has been extensively studied, although its precise association with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) remains uncertain.
METHODS: Multi-transcriptome sequencing data were utilized to analyze the ferroptosis level of CML samples and its correlation with the tumor microenvironment, disease progression, and treatment response. Machine learning algorithms were employed to identify diagnostic ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs). The consensus clustering algorithm was applied to identify ferroptosis-related molecular subtypes. Clinical samples were collected for sequencing to validate the results obtained from bioinformatics analysis. Cell experiments were conducted to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of induced ferroptosis in drug-resistant CML.
RESULTS: Ferroptosis scores were significantly lower in samples from patients with CML compared to normal samples, and these scores further decreased with disease progression and non-response to treatment. Most FRGs were downregulated in CML samples. A high ferroptosis score was also associated with greater immunosuppression and increased activity of metabolic pathways. Through support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE), least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO), and random forest (RF) algorithms, we identified five FRGs (ACSL6, SLC11A2, HMOX1, SLC38A1, AKR1C3) that have high diagnostic value. The clinical diagnostic value of these five FRGs and their effectiveness in differentiating CML from other hematological malignancies were validated using additional validation cohorts and our real-world cohort. There are significant differences in immune landscape, chemosensitivity, and immunotherapy responsiveness between the two ferroptosis-related molecular subtypes. By conducting cellular experiments, we confirmed that CML-resistant cells are more sensitive to induction of ferroptosis and can enhance the sensitivity of imatinib treatment.
CONCLUSION: Our study unveils the molecular signature of ferroptosis in samples from patients with CML. FRG identified by a variety of machine learning algorithms has reliable clinical diagnostic value. Furthermore, the characterization of different ferroptosis-related molecular subtypes provides valuable insights into individual patient characteristics and can guide clinical treatment strategies. Targeting and inducing ferroptosis holds great promise as a therapeutic approach for drug-resistant CML.
A prevalence of cigarette smoking can cause the accumulation of cadmium (Cd2+) in the lungs, kidneys, and blood. The effects of exposure can cause multiple chronic disease types to emerge in the affected organ systems. The only moderately effective therapeutic option is chelation therapy; the health risks associated with this therapy have caused much criticism. The disease types associated with Cd2+ toxicity have inflammatory components and greatly impact innate immunity. These factors are affected at the cellular level and cause pathways like apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis. A development in understanding these pathways stipulates that these three pathways act as one complex of pathways, known together as PANoptosis. The inflammatory mechanisms of PANoptosis are particularly interesting in Cd2+ toxicity due to its inflammatory effects. Proteins in the gasdermin family act to release inflammatory cytokines, like interleukin-1β, into the extracellular environment. Cytokines cause inflammatory disease pathologies like fibrosis and cancer. RAW 264.7 monocytes are key in the murine immune system and provide an excellent model to investigate Cd2+ toxicity. Exposure of 0-15 µM CdCl2 was sufficient to increase expression of cleaved gasdermin D (GSDMD) and gasdermin E (GSDME) in this cell type. Cd2+ also exhibits a dose-dependent cytotoxicity in this cell type.
Central sleep apnea(CSA) is associated with chronic heart failure(CHF). At present, both of nocturnal oxygen therapy and adaptive servo ventilation(ASV) are recognized as effective modalities. However,in fact, majority of CHF patients are complicated not only with CSA but with obstructive sleep apnea(OSA). Recently, Philips developed Bipap® auto SV Advanced for such patients. It has auto-CPAP function as the modality of OSAS, in addition to ASV function. The present study is prospective randomised study to compare the effects of nocturnal oxygen therapy and Bipap® auto SV Advanced.
All participants will be weighed so that appropriate dosing can be ensured and will receive 2 grams of Amoxicillin 1 hour prior to mini-screw insertion. Patients weighing less than 40 kg will be given 50mg/kg of Amoxicillin.