anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This paper proposes an innovative approach to generate a generalized myocardial ischemia database by modeling the virtual electrophysiology of the heart and the 12-lead electrocardiography projected by the in-silico model can serve as a ready-to-use database for automatic myocardial infarction/ischemia (MI) localization and classification. Although the virtual heart can be created by an established technique combining the cell model with personalized heart geometry to observe the spatial propagation of depolarization and repolarization waves, we developed a strategy based on the clinical pathophysiology of MI to generate a heterogeneous database with a generic heart while maintaining clinical relevance and reduced computational complexity. First, the virtual heart is simplified into 11 regions that match the types and locations, which can be diagnosed by 12-lead ECG; the major arteries were divided into 3-5 segments from the upstream to the downstream based on the general anatomy. Second, the stenosis or infarction of the major or minor coronary artery branches can cause different perfusion drops and infarct sizes. We simulated the ischemic sites in different branches of the arteries by meandering the infarction location to elaborate on possible ECG representations, which alters the infraction's size and changes the transmembrane potential (TMP) of the myocytes associated with different levels of perfusion drop. A total of 8190 different case combinations of cardiac potentials with ischemia and MI were simulated, and the corresponding ECGs were generated by forward calculations. Finally, we trained and validated our in-silico database with a sparse representation classification (SRC) and tested the transferability of the model on the real-world Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) database. The overall accuracies for localizing the MI region on the PTB data achieved 0.86, which is only 2% drop compared to that derived from the simulated database (0.88). In summary, we have shown a proof-of-concept for transferring an in-silico model to real-world database to compensate for insufficient data.
The invention discloses a ferulic acid and phospholipid complex and application thereof to preparation of skin-whitening cosmetics. The ferulic acid and phospholipid complex is obtained after ferulic acid and phospholipid are heated, stirred and compounded in a non-protonic solvent and the non-protonic solvent is removed. The invention also provides the skin-whitening cosmetics containing the ferulic acid and phospholipid complex. The cosmetics include skin oil, emulsion and cream with the skin whitening effect. According to the ferulic acid and phospholipid complex, ferulic acid and phospholipid are compounded, so that physicochemical properties of ferulic acid are changed, fat solubility, stability and water dispersibility of the complex are enhanced, the transmembrane transport performance of the complex is improved, and then the bioavailability of the complex is increased. After 30 female volunteers at the age of 25-45 use the skin-whitening and skin-caring emulsion containing the ferulic acid and phospholipid complex for 30 days, the melanin content of their faces is lowered obviously, the brightness of their skin is increased, the MI value, L* value and ITA degree value of their skin are remarkably different from original values (P<0.05), and it is indicated that the skin-whitening emulsion has a good human body skin whitening effect.
A sublethal ischemic episode [termed preconditioning (PC)] protects neurons in the brain against a subsequent severe ischemic injury. This phenomenon is known as brain ischemic tolerance and has received much attention from researchers because of its robust neuroprotective effects. We have previously reported that PC activates astrocytes and subsequently upregulates P2X7 receptors, thereby leading to ischemic tolerance. However, the downstream signals of P2X7 receptors that are responsible for PC-induced ischemic tolerance remain unknown. Here, we show that PC-induced P2X7 receptor-mediated lactate release from astrocytes has an indispensable role in this event. Using a transient focal cerebral ischemia model caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion, extracellular lactate levels during severe ischemia were significantly increased in mice who experienced PC; this increase was dependent on P2X7 receptors. In addition, the intracerebroventricular injection of lactate protected against cerebral ischemic injury. In in vitro experiments, although stimulation of astrocytes with the P2X7 receptor agonist BzATP had no effect on the protein levels of monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) 1 and MCT4 (which are responsible for lactate release from astrocytes), BzATP induced the plasma membrane translocation of these MCTs via their chaperone CD147. Importantly, CD147 was increased in activated astrocytes after PC, and CD147-blocking antibody abolished the PC-induced facilitation of astrocytic lactate release and ischemic tolerance. Taken together, our findings suggest that astrocytes induce ischemic tolerance via P2X7 receptor-mediated lactate release.
The main complaint in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is knee pain and limited range of motion (ROM) which affects the patient's quality of life. Dextrose prolotherapy successfully reduced pain and enhanced functional status and quality of life in chronic knee pain, which is classified as KOA grade II or III by the Kellgren-Lawrence classification. We present a case of grade IV KOA with co-morbid obesity who refused surgical management but got dextrose prolotherapy instead. She received prolotherapy for the right knee 5 times with a gap of 4 weeks between treatments. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC score), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), knee ROM, Barthel index, count test, and Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) were evaluated 1 day after each treatment and compared to each post-injection score. This patient is also comorbid of grade II obesity which is associated with mechanical loads on the knee joint causing inflammation and progression of KOA. After 5 months of prolotherapy treatment, strengthened quadricep muscle exercising and static cycle endurance exercising, she improved her pain, WOMAC score, and cardiorespiratory function. Hypertonic dextrose prolotherapy (HDP) is one of the choices for interventional therapy of its advantages, inexpensive, easily conducted, safe with minimal or even no recorded complications, and long-term efficacy even for grade IV of KOA like this patient.
The present invention provides a group of novel compounds that inhibit the proteolytic activity of 3C proteases which are found in picornaviruses, particularly rhinoviruses. In picornaviruses the RNA genome is translated into a single large viral polyprotein precursor. The precursor demonstrates auto-proteolytic activity, cleaving itself into mature viral gene products. Therefore, compounds of the current invention are particularly useful in treating picornaviral infections by interrupting the processing of the viral gene products into mature and infectious viral particles. The current invention also provides a novel process the preparation of compounds of the current invention. The process entails the selective reduction of an imide intermediate representing a marked improvement over processes known in the art for making peptidyl-aldehydes.
Participants in the study played 30-minute exergame games once a week for 8 weeks and rehabilitation was applied. Before starting the application, the participants were given a demographic information form, Tampa kinesiophobia scale for kinesiophobia, BeCure balance assessment system for balance measurement, geriatric depression scale-short form for depression, mini-mental state test for cognitive functions, and lower extremity functional strength. and 5 times the risk of falling. lifting test was performed. These tests were repeated at the end of 8 sessions and before and after values were measured.
OBJECTIVE: Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) provides lasting pain relief in patients with craniofacial pain conditions but the mechanisms of its antinociceptive activity remain unclear. Preclinical research revealed toxin axonal transport to the central afferent terminals, but it is unknown if its central effects involve transsynaptic traffic to the higher-order synapses. To answer this, we examined the contribution of central BoNT-A transcytosis to its action in experimental orofacial pain.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Male Wistar rats, 3-4 months old, were injected with BoNT-A (7 U/kg) unilaterally into the vibrissal pad. To investigate the possible contribution of toxin's transcytosis, BoNT-A-neutralizing antiserum (5 IU) was applied intracisternally. Antinocicepive BoNT-A action was assessed by duration of nocifensive behaviors and c-Fos activation in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) following bilateral or unilateral formalin (2.5%) application into the vibrissal pad. Additionally, cleaved synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (cl-SNAP-25) immunoreactivity was analyzed in the bilateral TNC.
RESULTS: Unilaterally injected BoNT-A reduced the nocifensive behaviors and bilateral c-Fos activation induced by formalin, which was accompanied by the toxin's enzymatic activity on both sides of the TNC. BoNT-A antinociceptive or enzymatic activities were prevented by the specific neutralizing antitoxin. BoNT-A contralateral action occurred independently from ipsilateral side nociception or contralateral trigeminal nerve-mediated axonal traffic.
CONCLUSION: Herein, we demonstrate that antinociceptive action of pericranially administered BoNT-A involves transsynaptic transport to second order synapses and contralateral trigeminal nociceptive nuclei. These results reveal more complex central toxin activity, necessary to explain its clinical effectiveness in the trigeminal region-related pain states.
Patients will receive amivantamab intravenously weekly for the first cycle, and biweekly subsequently at a dose of 1050mg (patients \<80kg) or 1400mg (patients ≥80kg). The initial dose will be administered over 2 days in split doses in order to mitigate the risk of infusion reactions. Therapy will continue for up to 2 years or until progression of disease, initiation of alternative cancer therapy, unacceptable toxicity, or other reason to discontinue treatment occurs-whichever comes first.
HIV-protease inhibitors, particularly saquinavir, showed strong anticancer activity but numerous side effects limited its application. In order to overcome its toxicity original compounds wewre modified by covalent attachment of NO. The efficacy of parental and NO-modified drug was compared  in vitro  and  in vivo . Anticancer activities of NO-modified saquinavir (Saq-NO) was monitored  in vitro  using assay for cell viability, proliferation, necrotic, autophagic and apoptotic cell death, differentiation, expression of intracellular molecules such as cyclin D3, p53 and Akt. Antitumor properties and toxicity of the compound was estimated  in vivo . Saq-NO abrogated the viability of large spectrum of human and rodent tumor cell lines with IC50 significantly lower than parental drug and expressed strong antimelanoma action  in vivo . In contrast to saquinavir, there was no detectable toxicity against primary cells  in vitro  and  in vivo . Saq-NO permanently diminished cell proliferation by induction of cell cycle block accompanied with minor presence of tumor cell death. Repressed proliferation was coordinated with strong activation of p53 and differentiation of C6 and B16 cells into oligodendrocytes or "Schwan" like cells, respectively. Oppositely to general characteristic of saquinavir to inhibit Akt signalling, Saq-NO treatment resulted in transient and intensive upregulation of Akt. This antagonism between parental and modified compound could be the crucial for switch of saquinavir from toxic to completely untoxic drug.
OBJECTIVES: Polymyxin-induced nephrotoxicity (PIN) is a major safety concern and challenge in clinical practice, which limits the clinical use of polymyxins. This study aims to investigate the risk factors and to develop a scoring tool for the early prediction of PIN.
METHODS: Data on critically ill patients who received intravenous polymyxin B or colistin sulfate for over 24 h were collected. Logistic regression with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used to identify variables that are associated with outcomes. The eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) classifier algorithm was used to further visualize factors with significant differences. A prediction model for PIN was developed through binary logistic regression analysis and the model was assessed by temporal validation and external validation. Finally, a risk-scoring system was developed based on the prediction model.
RESULTS: Of 508 patients, 161 (31.6%) patients developed PIN. Polymyxin type, loading dose, septic shock, concomitant vasopressors and baseline blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level were identified as significant predictors of PIN. All validation exhibited great discrimination, with the AUC of 0.742 (95% CI: 0.696-0.787) for internal validation, of 0.708 (95% CI: 0.605-0.810) for temporal validation and of 0.874 (95% CI: 0.759-0.989) for external validation, respectively. A simple risk-scoring tool was developed with a total risk score ranging from -3 to 4, corresponding to a risk of PIN from 0.79% to 81.24%.
CONCLUSIONS: This study established a prediction model for PIN. Before using polymyxins, the simple risk-scoring tool can effectively identify patients at risk of developing PIN within a range of 7% to 65%.
Emtricitabine and tenofovir are principally eliminated by the kidney; however, efavirenz is not. Since ATRIPLA is a combination product and the dose of the individual components cannot be altered, patients with creatinine clearance below 50 mL/min should not receive ATRIPLA.

Renal impairment, including cases of acute renal failure and Fanconi syndrome (renal tubular injury with severe hypophosphatemia), has been reported with the use of tenofovir DF [See Adverse Reactions (6.3)].

It is recommended that creatinine clearance be calculated in all patients prior to initiating therapy and as clinically appropriate during therapy with ATRIPLA. Routine monitoring of calculated creatinine clearance and serum phosphorus should be performed in patients at risk for renal impairment, including patients who have previously experienced renal events while receiving HEPSERA.

ATRIPLA should be avoided with concurrent or recent use of a nephrotoxic agent.
Numerous studies have reported critical roles for the gut microbiota in obesity. However, the specific microbes that causally contribute to obesity and the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined. Here, we conducted shotgun metagenomic sequencing in a Chinese cohort of 631 obese subjects and 374 normal-weight controls and identified a Megamonas-dominated, enterotype-like cluster enriched in obese subjects. Among this cohort, the presence of Megamonas and polygenic risk exhibited an additive impact on obesity. Megamonas rupellensis possessed genes for myo-inositol degradation, as demonstrated in vitro and in vivo, and the addition of myo-inositol effectively inhibited fatty acid absorption in intestinal organoids. Furthermore, mice colonized with M. rupellensis or E. coli heterologously expressing the myo-inositol-degrading iolG gene exhibited enhanced intestinal lipid absorption, thereby leading to obesity. Altogether, our findings uncover roles for M. rupellensis as a myo-inositol degrader that enhances lipid absorption and obesity, suggesting potential strategies for future obesity management.
Participants with advanced and/or metastatic tumors will receive eribulin mesylate as a 2 to 5 min Intravenous (IV) bolus or infusion in two different schedules (Schedule 1 \[1.2, 1.6, 2.0 mg/m2\], given on Day 1 only, and Schedule 2 \[0.7, 1.1, 1.7 mg/m\^2\], given on Days 1 and 8) and oral capecitabine 1000 mg/m2 bid on Days 1-14 (21-day cycles) in both schedules. If maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is not observed at dose level 3 the dose of capecitabine might be escalated to 1250 mg/m\^2 bid on Days 1-14 (21-day cycles) depending on the Dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) observed and/or pharmacokinetic (PK) data when available. Based on the data and safety monitoring board review of dose escalation phase data (DLTs that will be observed in first cycle), Dose-Confirmation Phase (Phase 2) will may get initiated.
Securing the airway is essential in general anesthesia. Anesthetic problems related to airway management constitute 17% of closed claims, difficult intubation being the most common one with an occurrence rate of 5%. Problems like delayed intubation, misplaced tracheal tube, or airway trauma are frequently seen in outpatient settings and end up with either death or hypoxic brain damage. Therefore, preoperative visit should include detailed assessment of the airways according to clues of difficult intubation.Several studies compared the King Vision video laryngoscope with other laryngoscopes in manikins simulating difficult airway scenarios, and reported better glottic views. The investigators aimed to study the correlation between the Mallampati classification and the glottic views (Cormack-Lehane grade) obtained with Macintosh laryngoscopy, and the King Vision video laryngoscopy in adult patients scheduled for general anesthesia. Secondary outcomes will be successful intubation rate, time to obtain the best view, time to successful intubation, and complications related to laryngoscopy will be compared.
The invention discloses application of mefloquine in preventing and treating systemic metabolic inflammation diseases. Use of mefloquine in the manufacture of a medicament for inhibiting inflammatory diseases associated with NLRP3 inflammasome. Application of mefloquine in preparing medicine for preventing and treating systemic inflammation is disclosed. The mefloquine screened by the invention can be combined with NLRP3, LPS/ATP is applied to induce mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and astrocytes to generate NLRP 3-mediated inflammatory reaction, and after the mefloquine is applied, cytolymph and clear caspase-1 and IL-1 beta secreted to the supernatant can be reduced. Mefloquine can improve the motor ability of LPS model mice, reverse liver and pneumonia cell infiltration and liver function damage, and inhibit systemic inflammatory reaction. The results indicate that mefloquine can obviously inhibit the inflammatory reaction mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome and can be used as an anti-inflammatory drug for preventing and treating systemic inflammation.
Patients in trendelenburg group take trendelenburg position and have CO2 pneumoperitoneum. Cerebral oxygen monitor will be needed. Take notes per hour for HR, MAP, CVP, SpO2, SrO2 and etCO2.Preoperative and postoperative ABG, S-100beta , CRP and cognitive dysfunction scales will be tested.
Tinea infections are caused by dermatophytes, except for tinea versicolor, which is caused by yeasts in the Malassezia genus. If available, potassium hydroxide preparation should be performed to confirm diagnosis of tinea capitis or onychomycosis. In some cases, fungal culture, UV light examination, or periodic acid-Schiff stain can be helpful. Topical drugs are effective for tinea corporis, tinea cruris, and tinea pedis. Tinea incognito is an atypical presentation that usually requires systemic treatment. Management of tinea capitis always requires oral drugs. Oral drugs are preferred for onychomycosis treatment but should not be prescribed without confirmation of fungal infection. Localized cases of tinea versicolor can be managed with topical drugs, but oral drugs might be needed for severe, widespread, or recurrent cases. Warts are superficial human papillomavirus infections. Common treatments include irritant, destructive (eg, cryotherapy), immune stimulant (eg, intralesional Candida antigen), and debridement and excision methods. Scabies infestation results in intensely itchy papules, nodules, or vesicles. Mites and burrows on the skin are pathognomonic but difficult to identify. Dermoscopy, particularly with UV light, can make identification easier. Topical permethrin and oral ivermectin are two of the most commonly used treatments. All household and close contacts should be treated regardless of the presence or absence of symptoms.
BACKGROUND: Plaque quantification from coronary computed tomography angiography has emerged as a valuable predictor of cardiovascular risk. Deep learning can provide automated quantification of coronary plaque from computed tomography angiography. We determined per-patient age- and sex-specific distributions of deep learning-based plaque measurements and further evaluated their risk prediction for myocardial infarction in external samples.
METHODS: In this international, multicenter study of 2803 patients, a previously validated deep learning system was used to quantify coronary plaque from computed tomography angiography. Age- and sex-specific distributions of coronary plaque volume were determined from 956 patients undergoing computed tomography angiography for stable coronary artery disease from 5 cohorts. Multicenter external samples were used to evaluate associations between coronary plaque percentiles and myocardial infarction.
RESULTS: Quantitative deep learning plaque volumes increased with age and were higher in male patients. In the combined external sample (n=1847), patients in the ≥75th percentile of total plaque volume (unadjusted hazard ratio, 2.65 [95% CI, 1.47-4.78]; P=0.001) were at increased risk of myocardial infarction compared with patients below the 50th percentile. Similar relationships were seen for most plaque volumes and persisted in multivariable analyses adjusting for clinical characteristics, coronary artery calcium, stenosis, and plaque volume, with adjusted hazard ratios ranging from 2.38 to 2.50 for patients in the ≥75th percentile of total plaque volume.
CONCLUSIONS: Per-patient age- and sex-specific distributions for deep learning-based coronary plaque volumes are strongly predictive of myocardial infarction, with the highest risk seen in patients with coronary plaque volumes in the ≥75th percentile.
This invention provides a long-lasting sustained release preparation of a drug such as a non-obstructive protein or a peptide. It holds the drug such as a protein or a peptide enclosed therein at a high enclosure ratio without inhibiting the biological activity of the drug. Further, it is injectable, completely biodegradable and highly safe. The solution possesses a polysaccharide (for example, hyaluronic acid) derivative having a cross-linkable functional group or its salt together with a drug. It has a low concentration so that the cross-linkage reaction can progress only at a low speed in the state of micro particles. Furthermore, it is dehydrated to a concentration at which the cross-linkage can proceed. Therefore, the cross-linkage reaction is induced during the concentration and the drug is enclosed in the cross-linked polysaccharide to give drug-carrying micro particles. Eventually, an injectable sustained release preparation holding a drug such as a protein or a peptide highly efficiently enclosed therein, it realizes to maintain its biological activity and being capable of sustained releasing the drug for a long time.