anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
One of the most severe adverse effects is hyperkalemia (see CONTRAINDICATIONS, WARNINGS, AND OVERDOSAGE). Gastrointestinal bleeding and ulceration have been reported in patients treated with Potassium Chloride Extended- release Capsules, USP, 8 mEq and 10 mEq (see CONTRAINDICATIONS and WARNINGS). In addition to gastrointestinal bleeding and ulceration, perforation and obstruction have been reported in patients treated with other solid KCI dosage forms, and may occur with Potassium Chloride Extended-release Capsules, USP, 8 mEq and 10 mEq. The most common adverse reactions to the oral potassium salts are nausea, vomiting, flatulence, abdominal discomfort, and diarrhea. These symptoms are due to irritation of the gastrointestinal tract and are best managed by taking the dose with meals, or reducing the amount taken at one time. Skin rash has been reported rarely with potassium preparations. 

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE EVENTS, contact Actavis at 1-800-272-5525 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or http://www.fda.gov/ for voluntary reporting of adverse reactions.
The study was planned as a randomized prospective clinical study. The study was planned to include 16 patients. New amputation patients will be excluded from the study. The patients in the study group will have 5 sessions of exercise in the hospital for a week. The control group will receive a home exercise program.

Statistical analysis Student t-test will be used for the comparison of descriptive statistical methods (mean, standard deviation, median, frequency, and ratio) and normal distribution parameters between groups. Pearson chi-square test, Yates Continuity Correction, Fisher-Freeman-Halton Exact Test, Fisher Exact Test, and Marginal Homogeneity Test will be used to compare qualitative data. The results will be evaluated at 95 % confidence interval and p \<0.01 and p \<0.05.
The relationship between exposure to air pollutants and fetal growth outcomes has shown inconsistency, and only a limited number of studies have explored the impact of air pollution on gestational hypertension and birth outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate how maternal exposure to air pollutants and blood pressure could influence fetal birth outcomes. A total of 55 women with gestational hypertension and 131 healthy pregnant women were enrolled in this study. Data pertaining to personal characteristics, prenatal examinations, outdoor air pollutant exposure, and fetal birth outcomes were collected. The study revealed that fetal birth weight and abdominal circumference exhibited a significant reduction among women with gestational hypertension compared to healthy pregnant women, even after adjustments for body mass index, gestational age, and exposure to air pollutants had been made. Moreover, maternal exposure to outdoor air pollutants displayed a notable correlation with decreased birth length of fetuses. Consequently, the study concluded that maternal blood pressure and exposure to outdoor air pollutants during pregnancy potentially stand as pivotal factors influencing fetal birth outcomes.
WinRho ®SDF is a sterile, liquid gamma globulin (IgG) fraction containing antibodies to the Rh o(D) antigen (D antigen). WinRho ®SDF is to be administered intravenously for the treatment of ITP and either intravenously or intramuscularly for the suppression of Rh isoimmunization. 

WinRho ®SDF is prepared from human plasma by an anion-exchange column chromatography method. The manufacturing process includes two steps implemented specifically for viral clearance. The solvent detergent treatment step (using tri-n-butyl phosphate and octoxynol) is effective in inactivating lipid enveloped viruses such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. Virus filtration, using a 20N virus filter, is effective in the removal of some non-lipid enveloped viruses. These two processes are designed to increase product safety by reducing the risk of transmission of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses, respectively. In addition to the two specific steps, the anion-exchange chromatography step contributes to the removal of small non-lipid enveloped viruses. 

The inactivation and reduction of known enveloped and non-enveloped model viruses were validated in laboratory studies as summarized in Table 6. 

The product potency is expressed in international units (IU) by comparison to the World Health Organization (WHO) standard. In the past, a full dose of Rh o(D) Immune Globulin (Human) has traditionally been referred to as a “300 microgram (mcg)” dose. Potency and dosing recommendations are now expressed in IU by comparison to the WHO anti-Rh o(D) standard. The conversion of mcg to IU is: 1 mcg = 5 IU. A 1,500 IU (300 mcg) vial contains sufficient anti-Rh o(D) to effectively suppress the immunizing potential of approximately 17 mL of Rh o(D) (D-positive) RBCs. 

The liquid formulation is stabilized with 10% maltose and 0.03% polysorbate 80. There are no preservatives in the formulation. WinRho ®SDF does not contain mercury. This product contains ≤ 40 mcg/mL IgA.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent literature regarding regional anesthesia (RA) techniques and outcomes for total hip arthroplasty (THA) in the face of changing surgical techniques and perioperative considerations.
RECENT FINDINGS: Based on large meta-analyses, peripheral nerve blocks are indicated for THA. Each block has its own risks and benefits and data for outcomes for particular techniques are limited. New surgical techniques, improved use of multimodal analgesia, and improved ultrasound guided regional anesthetics lead to better pain control for patients undergoing THA with less associated risks. Block selection continues to be influenced by provider comfort, surgical approach, patient anatomy, and postoperative goals. Head-to-head studies of particular nerve blocks are warranted.
An apparatus and a method for the transmission of data from several respirators, each having at least one interface to a relay station and a data channel to the relay station. The data channel is unidirectional from the respirator to the relay station and supports at least two redundant technologies for the data transfer. The respirator data are encrypted and transmitted to the relay station, which decrypts the data, and authentication of the respirator and/or relay station takes place. Storage of the received data takes place in the relay station, as well as assignment of respirators and/or their data to particular users. The relay station comprises a forwarding interface for transmitting encrypted data to remote stations. A remote station is authenticated before the transmission, and data or user are selectively transmitted based on the authentication, the transmission being initiated by the relay station or the remote station.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new antifungal agent, having germicidal effect by use of a small amount, slight in adverse effect, by combining an azole-based antimicrobial agent as a synthetic antifungal agent with a prescribed antimicrobial peptide. SOLUTION: This antifungal agent comprises both an azole-based antimicrobial agent and a hydrolyzate of a lactoferrin or an antimicrobial peptide derived from the hydrolyzate of the lactoferrin. Fluconazole, itraconazole, clotrimazole, ketoconazole, etc., or their mixture are used as the azole-based antifungal agent. A peptide isolated from a hydrolyzate of a lactoferrin derived from cow's milk or human milk, a chemically synthesized peptide having the same amino acid sequence as that of the peptide, its derivative or its mixture is preferable as the antimicrobial peptide derived from the hydrolyzate of the lactoferrin. The azole-based antifungal agent in an amount of 1 pt.wt. is mixed with at least 100 pts.wt. of the hydrolyzate of the lactoferrin.  The azole-based antifungal agent in an amount of 1 pt.wt. is mixed with at least 0.5 pt.wt. of the antimicrobial peptide derived from the hydrolyzate.
Pure mitral Stenosis develops in approximately 40% of all patients with rheumatic heart disease, and is frequently complicated by Pulmonary hypertension (PH). Pulmonary hypertension influences symptomatology and long-term prognosis. Percutaneous Mitral Commissurotomy (PMC), was first described in 1984, has good results and is performed by antegrade access to the mitral valve through trans-septal puncture by one of various techniques (e.g. Inuoe, and multitrack system). Pulmonary artery pressures (PAP) decrease following PMC. The improvement in pulmonary hypertension after PMC is explained by the improvement in the mitral valve area and subsequent decompression of left atrium (LA) and pulmonary venous beds. Even though there have been studies showing excellent results following PMC in all grades of PH, nonregression of PH following PMC is not uncommon. The component of PAP contributed by the passive transmission of the elevated LA pressure regresses immediately after a successful PMC proportional to the reduction in transmitral gradient. The PH contributed by pulmonary arteriolar constriction slowly comes down over weeks or a few months, But a "fixed" component due to pulmonary vascular disease usually persists.
In the main study treatment phase participants received sham titration within range of 0.5 mg TID to 2.5 mg TID for 10 weeks followed by maintenance period of 16 weeks. This phase was followed by a long-term extension phase, which included a blinded titration phase to optimal dose of Riociguat of 10 weeks followed by an open-label extension phase. During the open-label extension phase participants were to be treated with Riociguat until commercial access in the indication of PH associated with IIP or until an agreed time point is defined with the individual country, local regulatory authority and the Sponsor's global team.
Right side of the face will be treated with the Dual Band Palomar MaxG device. Three treatments, administered in intervals of 21 +/- 2 days. Each full face treatment duration will be approximately 20-30 minutes .
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND) displays a wide range of clinical manifestations due to its involvement of various structures within the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system, often including prolonged unresponsiveness as the presenting symptom.
METHODS AND RESULTS: We describe 2 patients presenting with coma and bilateral thalamic lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging, found to have WNND after extensive workup. These cases illustrate some of the challenges associated with evaluating coma in general and specifically in diagnosing WNND.
CONCLUSION: The clinical diagnosis of WNND requires a high index of suspicion, particularly in immunocompromised and elderly patients. Brain and spine magnetic resonance imaging findings can help narrow down the differential diagnosis, although other diseases may manifest similarly. Serological studies on the cerebrospinal fluid are essential to confirm the diagnosis but have inherent limitations. Given these challenges, WNND should be considered in all patients living in endemic areas who present with unexplained altered mental status during the late summer and early fall seasons.
The invention belongs to the technical field of medicine and midbody synthesis, and particularly relates to an IDO inhibitor containing a pyrrole-2-aryl structure and a preparation method thereof. Pyrrole-2-formic acid and phenol are adopted as raw materials, under the existence of N, N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and 2-dimethylamino pyridine (DMAP), the Pyrrole-2-formic acid and the phenol are undertaken the esterification to synthesize pyrrole-2-aryl compound. The IDO inhibitor has the advantages of simple operation, moderate condition, low cost, high yield and the like, has promising prospect and is easy to realize the industrialized production. The synthesized pyrrole-2-aryl structure contains pyrrole-2-formic acid and aromatic ring structure and can be used as the IDO inhibitor. The IDO inhibitor is applicable to the treatment of disease with the pathological feature of tryptophan metabolic pathway which is mediated by IDO. The disease at least comprises tumorous diseases, cancers, Alzheimer disease, autoimmune diseases, cataract, mood disorder, depression and anxiety disorders.
BACKGROUND: Structural and functional neurobiological abnormalities have been observed in schizophrenia. Previous studies have concentrated on specific illness stages, obscuring relationships between functional/structural changes and disorder progression. The present study aimed to quantify structural and functional abnormalities across different clinical stages using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI).
METHODS: Fifty-four participants with first-episode schizophrenia (FES), 120 with clinically high risk of psychosis (CHR), and 111 healthy controls (HCs) underwent functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure oxyhemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) during the verbal fluency task. Among them, 28FES, 64CHR and 55HC also finished sMRI. Oxy-Hb and gray matter volume (GMV) were compared among the three groups while controlling for covariates, including age, sex, years of education, and task performance. Mediation analysis was utilized to determine the mediating effect of GMV on Oxy-Hb and cognition.
RESULTS: Compared with the HC group, CHR and FES groups showed significantly reduced brain activity. However, there were no significant differences between the FES and CHR. Pronounced GMV increase in the right frontal pole area (F = 4.234, p = 0.016) was identified in the CHR and FES groups. Mediation analysis showed a significant mediation effect of the right frontal pole GMV between Channel 31 Oxy-Hb and processing speed (z = 2.105, p = 0.035) and attention/vigilance (z = 1.992, p = 0.046).
CONCLUSIONS: Brain activation and anatomical deficits were observed in different brain regions, suggesting that anatomical and functional abnormalities are dissociated in the early stages of psychosis. The relationship between neural activity and anatomy may reflect a specific pathophysiology related to cognitive deterioration in schizophrenia.
The invention discloses application of a strain CH18 in preparation of anthocyanin and other flavonoid compounds. The preservation number of the strain CH18 is CGMCC NO. 14784. The flavonoids have antioxidant, antitumor, antifatigue, antiaging, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases preventing, blood pressure lowering, blood lipid reducing, neuroendocrine regulating, osteoporosis resisting, speckle removing, wrinkle resisting, and eyesight improving effects. Flavonoid compounds such as anthocyanin and the like in the prior art are mainly obtained from plants, the supply of plant raw materials is limited by seasons, and a large amount of farmlands are required for cultivation. The method for producing the anthocyanin and other flavone substances by using the microorganisms has the advantages of low price, easy control, short production period and annual production, and can meet the requirement of industrial production. Therefore, the invention opens up a new biological way for producing various anthocyanidins and other flavonoids compounds with high efficiency and low cost.
Diamond-Blackfan anaemia (DBA) is a rare, inherited bone marrow failure syndrome with a ribosomal defect causing slowed globin chain production with normal haem synthesis, causing an overabundance of reactive iron/haem and erythroid-specific cellular toxicity. Eltrombopag, a non-peptide thrombopoietin receptor agonist, is a potent intracellular iron chelator and induced a robust durable response in an RPS19-mutated DBA patient on another trial. We hypothesized eltrombopag would improve RBC production in DBA patients. We conducted a single-centre, single-arm pilot study (NCT04269889) assessing safety and erythroid response of 6 months of daily, fixed-dose eltrombopag for DBA patients. Fifteen transfusion-dependent (every 3-5 weeks) patients (median age 18 [range 2-56]) were treated. One responder had sustained haemoglobin improvement and >50% reduction in RBC transfusion frequency. Of note, 7/15 (41%) patients required dose reductions or sustained discontinuation of eltrombopag due to asymptomatic thrombocytosis. Despite the low response rate, eltrombopag has now improved erythropoiesis in several patients with DBA with a favourable safety profile. Dosing restrictions due to thrombocytosis may cause insufficient iron chelation to decrease haem production and improve anaemia in most patients. Future work will focus on erythropoiesis dynamics in patients and use of haem synthesis inhibitors without an impact on other haematopoietic lineages.
The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines and relates to a prodrug of an antitumor medicament as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The prodrug is prepared by connecting vitamin E and the antitumor medicament by virtue of a chemical bond. The chemical bond is one of a sulfide bond, an ester bond, an interval disulfide bond and a hydrazone bond. The antitumor medicament is one of paclitaxel and docetaxel. The prodrug of the antitumor medicament and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier can be prepared into a clinically acceptable dosage form for injection or oral administration, including lipidosome, an emulsion, a lipid microsphere and a PLGA (Poly(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) nanoparticle or microsphere. According to the prodrug and the preparation, the activity of the antitumor medicament can be obviously improved, the toxicity is reduced and the development of the preparation is facilitated.
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a devastating type of stroke, with significant long-term morbidity for patients who survive the initial bleed. The most frequent and morbid complication is delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) resulting from angiographic vasospasm of the arteries of the circle of Willis. At present, there is no protective therapy aimed at neuronal preservation during this period of ischemia. The standard medical care is primarily to maintain intravascular volume status to improve cerebral perfusion during arterial narrowing, or calcium channel blockers for smooth muscle relaxation on the arterial wall. Experimental and clinical data suggest a primary mechanism of neuronal injury during ischemia is excitotoxicity, glutamate-induced cell death resulting from overstimulation of ionotropic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and resultant excessive calcium influx. Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic with a mechanism of action of non-competitive antagonism of the NMDA receptor, routinely used in operating rooms and intensive care units as an analgesic and anesthetic. In addition to its anesthetic properties, ketamine is also an anti-inflammatory agent and a sympathomimetic, maintaining sedation without the adverse effects of hemodynamic instability. Identification of a neuroprotective entity for DCI following SAH would vastly improve the quality of life and shorten hospital stay for patients with a ruptured intracerebral aneurysm. It is critical to identify such agents so that patients survive their injury, spend shorter time in the ICU, and can return to work and maintain relationships.
AIMS: The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and patterns of neuropathic pain over one year in a cohort of patients with chronic post-surgical pain at three months following total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
METHODS: Between 2016 and 2019, 363 patients with troublesome pain, defined as a score of ≤ 14 on the Oxford Knee Score pain subscale, three months after TKA from eight UK NHS hospitals, were recruited into the Support and Treatment After Replacement (STAR) clinical trial. Self-reported neuropathic pain and postoperative pain was assessed at three, nine, and 15 months after surgery using the painDETECT and Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4) questionnaires collected by postal survey.
RESULTS: Symptoms of neuropathic pain were common among patients reporting chronic pain at three months post-TKA, with half reporting neuropathic pain on painDETECT (191/363; 53%) and 74% (267/359) on DN4. Of those with neuropathic pain at three months, half continued to have symptoms over the next 12 months (148/262; 56%), one-quarter had improved (67/262; 26%), and for one-tenth their neuropathic symptoms fluctuated over time (24/262; 9%). However, a subgroup of participants reported new, late onset neuropathic symptoms (23/262; 9%). Prevalence of neuropathic symptoms was similar between the screening tools when the lower cut-off painDETECT score (≥ 13) was applied. Overall, mean neuropathic pain scores improved between three and 15 months after TKA.
CONCLUSION: Neuropathic pain is common in patients with chronic pain at three months after TKA. Although neuropathic symptoms improved over time, up to half continued to report painful neuropathic symptoms at 15 months after TKA. Postoperative care should include screening, assessment, and treatment of neuropathic pain in patients with early chronic postoperative pain after TKA.
This proposed early feasibility, investigator-initiated study is led by Dr. Nathan E. Crone, M.D. at Johns Hopkins Medicine (JHM). The Bidirectional Cortical Neuroprosthetic System (BiCNS) consists of modified versions of 510(k) cleared NeuroPort Electrode Array Systems (Blackrock Microsystems, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT) as well as a neurostimulator module (CereStim R96) for long term neural recording and intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) of the brain. The BiCNS is termed bidirectional because it permits both the recording of information from the brain for controlling an end effector device, as well as enabling information regarding that end effector to be returned to the brain in the form of ICMS. "End effector" in this sense is used to mean a physical or virtual device designed to interact with its (physical or virtual) environment. Electrode arrays will be implanted in the brain in pairs, with a pair comprising a recording array and a stimulating array. A total of six NeuroPort arrays, consisting of three array pairs, will be implanted in each study participant. Each pair will consist of an array implanted in primary motor cortex (M1) for recording and an array implanted in primary sensory cortex (S1) for stimulation and/or recording; both arrays in each pair will be connected to a single percutaneous pedestal as an external interface. In each participant, two such array pairs will be implanted in the hand/arm area of M1 and S1 in the dominant brain hemisphere (e.g., the left hemisphere for a right-handed individual). A third pair will be implanted in the hand/arm area of M1 and S1 in non-dominant hemisphere (e.g. right hemisphere for a right handed-individual). The recording arrays implanted in M1 are the NeuroPort microelectrode arrays with platinum (Pt) tips (K070272), whereas the ICMS arrays implanted in S1 are NeuroPort microelectrode arrays with Sputtered Iridium-Oxide Film (SIROF) tips (K110010). The study has Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) approval from FDA to implant these devices for 52 weeks (plus/minus 2 weeks).
The invention describes novel dried powders of peptide therapeutic agent useful for producing highly respirable aerosols and the methods for their manufacture. Insulin is the peptide therapeutic agent in the preferred embodiment. The powders of insulin prepared for pulmonary administration are characterized by the peculiar structure and shape of the microparticles that allow the powder to flow and to be easy aerosolized. Typical dry powder of insulin described in this patent show corrugated, nonagglomerated microparticles with a low tapped density. The mean geometric diameter (particle size) ranges between 1.0 and 10.0 micron and the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) ranges between 1.0 and 4.0 micron. These insulin pulmonary powders exhibit in vitro a very high respirable fraction (>75%).