anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: A growing number of gene therapies are getting FDA-approved for pediatric rare disorders to treat once incurable diseases. Opportunities for preventing lifetime illness and improving quality of life for these patients is now becoming a reality. Challenges exist in navigating the complexities of determining which patients will benefit from these new gene therapies and how to effectively deliver them as a standard of care.
RECENT FINDINGS: Gene therapies have been approved for pediatric hematological, neuromuscular, cancer, and other disorders that have improved the quality of life for rare disease patients. FDA approval of these drugs has been on a case-by-case basis leading towards gaps in drug approval, physician and patient knowledge of new gene therapies, and ultimate delivery of these drugs. Identifying patients that would benefit from these drugs and other coordination of care issues have arisen with each unique gene therapy product. These gene therapies have unique requirements and patient indications that require a knowledgeable group of physicians and hospital administrators to incorporate their use as a standard of care. With more gene therapies on the near horizon for FDA approval, multidisciplinary teams may improve patient access to these drugs by streamlining approaches towards adapting gene therapies into clinical use.
SUMMARY: The rapid increase in the number of FDA-approved gene therapies has not only created a number of challenges but also opportunities to improve the lives of pediatric patients with rare disorders. The adaptability of physicians, hospitals, and governmental regulatory boards is essential for delivering these new gene therapies safely and efficiently to these rare disease patients. Challenges still remain as to future requirements for additional gene therapy dosing and how to best manage financial burdens placed on the patient and providing institution.
Hemostatic compositions and dental etching compositions for oral use include sucralose in order to mask or disguise their otherwise sour or bitter taste. The sucralose, hemostatic and/or dental etching agent are dispersed within an aqueous carrier, which may be liquid or viscous as desired. In order to increase the stickiness and the viscosity of the carrier, a higher molecular weight polyol and/or a finely divided inorganic filler may be included. Sucralose is selected as a sweetener because it has been found to have enhanced stability in the presence of strongly acidic compositions compared to other non-nutritive sweeteners known in the art. In addition, sucralose does not leave behind a bitter after taste. For this reason, sucralose is uniquely suited for masking or disguising the profoundly sour or bitter taste of hemostatic agents and/or dental etching agents.
Newly diagnosis arm (N=150): The study aims to obtain clinical information to correlate with genetic characterization of ATDGs of all types. Only patients with primary tumors that have recently received surgery are applicable.
This group will receive the PREP 8.0 curriculum developed by PREP. In Years 2-5, 4 7-week class series will be held each year in Clearfield and Centre Counties (PA); 32 adults will be served each year. In Year 1, 8 adults will be served. Couples will receive 11 hours of curriculum instruction. This group will also receive two 30-minute presentations on available financial management, and job and career advancement services through two partnering organizations (CareerLink and Central PA Community Action, Inc.). Participants will also have access to optional parenting skills training provided by CAS (i.e., Triple P - Positive parenting Program). Referrals to community agencies based on individual/family needs will be provided by participant's case managers, as needed.
5.1 Phase One This phase of the study is non-interventional. It involves two sections: training cohort and validation cohort.

5.1.1 Training Cohort Such artificial intelligence models typically need a lot of data to be fed in, so that it can predict the results with a good accuracy. Since it uses machine learning, the accuracy gets better with each data set that is fed in. For the training cohort, prospective collection of videos on diagnostic OGD would be done. Selected endoscopists would be primed on the examination protocol. Patients would be sedated and given oral N-acetylcysteine 30 mins before the procedure. Investigators will record basic epidemiological, analytical and clinical data from patient records. ICD-10 diagnostic codes or similar diagnostic recording measures and recorded lab data will be used to determine diagnosis. The Procedure will be done using Olympus 290 systems under conscious sedation after informed written consent. The procedure will be recorded and the video file will be saved for future use. Images of suspected lesions and certain anatomic landmarks will also be saved like Esophagus (upper, middle, lower), gastroesophageal junction, fundus, body and antrum of stomach, incisura and pylorus and first and second part of duodenum. These images will also be used in initial training of the CADT. Since all endoscopic procedures in the endoscopy centre of Prince of Wales Hospital have been recorded since December 2018, some OGD that has been performed will be screened for quality and would also be used in this training cohort. 150-200 patient videos would be marked at different anatomical sites by trained endoscopists. These videos would be anonymized. The training cohort would be repeated until the sensitivity and specificity are over 90%.

5.1.2 Validation Cohort After feeding these images to the software, a validation cohort would be performed. All consecutive patients undergoing diagnostic OGD meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the Prince of Wales Hospital would be included in the study. The endoscopists would be blinded to the presence of the CADT and the standard protocol. The endoscopist would perform a diagnostic OGD as per usual practice. The procedure would be recorded and accessed by the CADT at the same time. The same video would be validated by a specialist endoscopist on the adequacy of the anatomical sites covered and the preparation of the stomach. This would be considered as the gold standard. The specialist endoscopist would be blinded to the result of the CADT. The CADT result would be compared against the specialist endoscopist. Sensitivity and specificity of the CADT results would be generated. If it is lower than 90%, further pictures/ videos have to be fed in for the training cohort.
Spasticity involves involuntary muscle activity in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) that can include increased response to muscle stretch and physical touch, as well as muscle stiffness. Due to the combination of symptoms, several drug therapies are currently prescribed to reduce spasticity but they may have negative side effects including fatigue and muscle weakness. Transcutaneous spinal stimulation (TSS) is a form of electrical stimulation delivered over the skin of the spine that seems to have effects that are similar to drug therapy. Prior studies of TSS in persons with SCI suggest that TSS can reduce spasticity without negative side effects. The intensity of stimulation, or dose, that promotes the best response is not known. In addition, sensitive measurements are necessary to assess the changes that can be seen in multiple presentations of spasticity. Understanding the response to different intensities of stimulation and how they affect spasticity will help guide rehabilitation for persons with SCI. Therefore, this study aims to identify the effects of TSS as a non-drug intervention for spasticity management.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a pharmaceutical composition having excellent nephritis remedying action and/or endotoxin shock protecting action. SOLUTION: This composition contains an indane derivative of formula (R<1> is a lower alkyl, a lower alkenyl, etc.; R<2> is H or a lower alkyl; X is carbonyl or thiocarbonyl; Alk is single bond or a lower alkylene; the dotted line represents the presence or absence of a double bond) or its salt as an active component. It can be administered by oral or parenteral administration at a dose of 1-300mg/kg, preferably 3-100mg/kg for oral administration and 0.01-50mg/kg, preferably 0.1-20mg/kg for parenteral administration. The agent is effective for the prevention and treatment of nephritis such as glomerular nephritis, immunoglobulin A nephropathy, nephrotic syndrome, lupus erythematosus nephritis, etc., and the prevention and treatment of endotoxin shock in a patient of grave infection with Gram-negative bacteria.  It has little side action on circulatory system such as the influence on pulse rate and blood pressure.
Method for in vivo introduction of a nucleic acid cassette into stem cells of intestinal epithelium. The nucleic acid cassette is introduced via vector solution. The vector solution can be delivered via the intestinal lumen in a variety of ways, including through an insertion device such as an endoscope, through catheters, through ligating and clamping the intestine after laparotomy or through slow release capsules. The vector solution once introduced into the intestinal epithelium is allowed to contact the stem cells for sufficient time for incorporation, usually between 1 and 48 hours. After sufficient incorporation, the insertion device and/or clamping and ligation procedure blockage are removed. Preferably, the procedure includes sufficient fluid to distend the intestine and provide additional access to the stem cells and the crypts. The procedure is useful in treating a variety of diseases including metabolic disorders, endocrine disorders, circulatory disorders, coagulation disorders, cancer, and gastrointestinal disease.
The monitoring device incorporates a memory device that is programmed with a set of question hierarchies. Each question hierarchy corresponds to a symptom and is composed of a set of questions. The question hierarchies may contain a logical structure so that certain questions will not be asked, depending upon a patient's answer to a preceeding question. A question hierarchy is invoked by a symptom identifier transmitted to the monitoring device by a remote computer. The remote computer may transmit a plurality of symptom identifiers to the monitoring device to cause the monitoring device to ask questions related to a plurality of symptoms. The set of symptoms inquired about may vary based upon the chronic disease afflicting the patient.
Liver fibrosis (LF) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Studies have found that dietary magnesium (Mg), as an antioxidant nutrient, may be related to the occurrence and development of liver diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between dietary Mg and the risk of LF in T2DM patients. In this cross-sectional study, data of T2DM patients, aged ≥18 years, were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2017-2018). Dietary Mg intake information was obtained by 24-hour dietary recall review. Covariates included sociodemographic information, lifestyle, laboratory data, disease history and medication history, extracted from the database. Weighted univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between dietary Mg intake and LF among T2DM patients, with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analyses based on patients with or without a history of hepatic steatosis were further assessed. A total of 945 participants were finally included, of whom 219 (23.17%) had LF. After adjusting for covariates, a high level of dietary Mg intake (OR=0.40, 95% CI: 0.17-0.93) was associated with lower odds of LF in T2DM patients, especially in patients with a history of hepatic steatosis (OR=0.39, 95% CI: 0.17-0.87). High dietary Mg intake has potential benefits in maintaining a healthy liver in T2DM patients. Sufficient Mg-rich foods and Mg supplementation may be beneficial for liver health management among T2DM patients. Further cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.
A system for use with one or more sources of patient-affiliated data corresponding with a group of patients. The system may contain a plurality of patient interface devices for interfacing with the group of patients. Each patient interface device may store a database that includes information related to each patient of the group of patients. Each patient interface device may be operable to generate a patient-specific guidance data set that may be used by the patient interface device to interface with a patient of the group of patients. The plurality of patient interface devices may be communicatively coupled to patient-affiliated data and a therapy database via a patient interface device gateway. The patient-specific guidance data sets may be automatically updated.
Dravet syndrome (DS) presents a multifaceted clinical picture marked by epilepsy, cognitive impairments and behavioral disorders that progresses throughout development. Behavioral disorders include impairments in social relationships and communication, with frequent diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. This study focused on comprehensively evaluating and comparing social communication profiles among a group of 43 children with Dravet syndrome, 30 children with level 1 autism spectrum disorder, 36 with social (pragmatic) communication disorder, and 18 with intellectual disability. Using validated tools like the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test and Children's Communication Checklist, distinct patterns of social communication deficits were delineated. Our findings indicate that children with Dravet syndrome experience challenges in social relationships, primarily due to difficulties in use of pragmatic language. Areas such as range of interests and social interaction are less affected compared to those with ASD, emphasizing differing profiles between the conditions. While children with DS and ID may have similar intellectual functioning, the different social communication deficits in DS indicate their role in the DS phenotype beyond ID. These results underscore the unique social communication profile of DS and emphasizes the importance of tailored interventions and deep phenotyping efforts for effective DS management.
INTRODUCTION: Ventral hernias can be repaired electively; however, many circumstances require emergency repair. The association between sociodemographic status and rate of emergency repair are unclear and the Social Vulnerability Index may be a useful tool to better understanding this association. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between Social Vulnerability Index and emergency ventral hernia repair.
METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (2012-2018) data for patients at a level 1 trauma center. We included patients who had an open ventral hernia repair. Social Vulnerability Index was based on residential address at the time of surgery. We conducted univariate and bivariate statistics, including χ2 and Mann-Whitney U tests to compare high and low social vulnerability.
RESULTS: Our sample had 1,017 patients. Patients who underwent emergency operations were older (P = .025) and had higher Social Vulnerability Index (P = .029). Patients in the high Social Vulnerability Index group were 1.5 times more likely to receive emergency surgery (P = .047). Emergency repair was also associated with increased frequency of nonhome discharge (9% vs 2%, P = .001) and higher mean work relative value unit (15.4 vs 11.9, P < .001).
CONCLUSION: Patients requiring emergency ventral hernia repair have significantly higher Social Vulnerability Index than those undergoing elective repair. This vulnerable population also has increased cost associated with the repair and higher rates of nonhome discharge. This work provides a foundation for efforts to reach patients in high Social Vulnerability Index environments at an earlier stage to achieve earlier elective repair.
The invention discloses a medicine for curing chronic nephritis. The drug is composed of main drugs and auxiliary drugs. The main drugs are composed of following components in parts by weight: 20 to 30 parts of taxillus, 20 to 30 parts of longspur epimedium, 15 to 20 parts of plantain seed, 10 to 15 parts of radix astragali, 10 to 15 parts of Chinese angelica, 10 to 15 parts of wolfberry, 10 to 15 parts of pyrrosia lingua, 10 to 15 parts of polyporus, 12 to 14 parts of psoralea corylifolia, 15 to 20 parts of prepared monkshood, 15 to 20 parts of raspberry, 10 to 20 parts of achyranthes root, 10 to 15 parts of eucommia and 10 to 15 parts of prepared rehmannia root. The auxiliary drugs are composed of following components in parts by weight: 12 to 20 parts of poria cocos, 10 to 15 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10 to 15 parts of radix paeoniae rubra, 5 to 10 parts of oriental waterplantain rhizome, 10 to 15 parts of dried orange peel and 10 to 15 parts of cassia twig. The preparation method comprises following steps: washing and cleaning the medicinal materials mentioned above, drying, grinding, disinfecting, mixing, adding water to impregnate, heating and extracting the effective components, filtering and making into an extract, drying, grinding, pulverizing into powder, and finally pressing into tablets or packaging into capsules. The medicine has a prominent curative effect, and is suitable for chronic nephritis patients.
Cryptococcus neoformans and filamentous fungi

No interpretive criteria have been established for Cryptococcus neoformans and filamentous fungi.

Candida species

Broth Dilution Techniques: Quantitative methods are used to determine antifungal minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). These MICs provide estimates of the susceptibility of Candida spp. to antifungal agents. MICs should be determined using a standardized procedure. Standardized procedures are based on a dilution method (broth)1 with standardized inoculum concentrations of fluconazole powder. The MIC values should be interpreted according to the criteria provided in Table 1.

Diffusion Techniques: Qualitative methods that require measurement of zone diameters also provide reproducible estimates of the susceptibility of Candida spp. to an antifungal agent. One such standardized procedure2 requires the use of standardized inoculum concentrations. This procedure uses paper disks impregnated with 25 mcg of fluconazole to test the susceptibility of yeasts to fluconazole. Disk diffusion interpretive criteria are also provided in Table 1.

The susceptible category implies that isolates are inhibited by the usually achievable concentrations of antifungal agent tested when the recommended dosage is used. The intermediate category implies that an infection due to the isolate may be appropriately treated in body sites where the drugs are physiologically concentrated or when a high dosage of drug is used. The resistant category implies that isolates are not inhibited by the usually achievable concentrations of the agent with normal dosage schedules and clinical efficacy of the agent against the isolate has not been reliably shown in treatment studies.
Unblinded and randomized to receive either 18F-RO948or 18F-MK6240 for PET Scan #1. PET scan #2 will be either 18F-RO948or 18F-MK6240 NOT received in PET scan #1. If a 3rdPET scanoccurs,this third scanwill always be \[18F\]GTP1.
The invention discloses natural antioxidant peptide Macrotympanain-Al and a preparation method and application thereof. The natural antioxidant peptide Macrotympanain-Al is a gene-encoded product, and a sequence from an N end to a C end is RLFKCYKPDS. The natural antioxidant peptide Macrotympanain-Al is prepared from skins of Odorrana graminea Boulenger which are typical in China, and in frog skins, the natural antioxidant peptide Macrotympanain-Al is mainly used for protecting exposed skins from being injured by ultraviolet rays; and the antioxidant polypeptide Macrotympanain-Al is applied to preparation of cosmetics. The natural antioxidant peptide Macrotympanain-Al returns to the origin, is purely natural, and accords with consumption requirements of common people at present. The activity of the natural antioxidant peptide Macrotympanain-Al is 1000 times stronger than that of the conventional antioxidant BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene). The natural antioxidant peptide Macrotympanain-Al not only has antioxidant activity, but also has a certain antibiotic activity, immunoregulation activity and the activity for inhibiting the formation of melanin.
A method for maintaining a therapeutically effective concentration of endoxifen for the treatment of patient with bipolar I disorder is provided. The method includes administering to the patient a dose of 2 mg to 16 mg of endoxifen citrate in an enteric coated tablet once per day for at least 21 days. Further, the said method provides a desirable  in-vivo  plasma profile. The therapeutic dose monitoring is not required in a patient undergoing the said treatment. Furthermore, the method provides a significant improvement in mania assessed by the YMRS and the MADRS scores in patient undergoing the said treatment. Furthermore, the method as provides an early response time of the treatment in at least 2 days and remission time that is not more than 4 days in patient undergoing the said treatment.
Despite remarkable progress in recent decades in modern psychopharmacotherapy, patients vary substantially in their response to antidepressants, ranging from total remission to complete treatment failure. Adverse effects, often bothersome and occasionally life-threatening, continue to represent significant challenges to patients and clinicians. Mechanisms responsible for such variability remain poorly understood. In addition, although less appreciated, substantial cross-ethnic variations in psychotropic responses often exist. Recent developments in the field of pharmacogenetics indicate that genetic factors may account for a large part of these differences in response. Specific genetic polymorphisms affecting the function of the serotonin (SERT) system has been postulated to predict the effect of antidepressants. Similarly, genetic mutations have been shown to exert a predominant influence on the expression of a number of drug-metabolizing enzymes, including most of the cytochrome P-450 enzymes that are responsible for the biotransformation of most antidepressants. Polymorphisms of genes controlling these enzymes have been found to be strongly associated with the propensity for various kinds of side effects. Capitalizing on these new developments, the proposed study will examine the predictive value of some of these genetic polymorphisms in 400 patients with DSM-IV major depression prospectively treated with Escitalopram (ECIT) or Paroxetine (PAR). It is postulated that mutations affecting the function of SERT will predict responses to ECIT, polymorphism of CYP2C19 will be associated with the side effect profiles and pharmacokinetics of ECIT.