anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Cancer metastasis accounts for a majority of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Metastasis occurs when the primary tumor sheds cells into the blood and lymphatic circulation, thereby becoming circulating tumor cells (CTCs) that transverse through the circulatory system, extravasate the circulation and establish a secondary distant tumor. Accumulating evidence suggests that circulating effector CD 8 +  T cells are able to recognize and attack arrested or extravasating CTCs, but this important antitumoral effect remains largely undefined. Recent studies highlighted the supporting role of activated platelets in CTCs's extravasation from the bloodstream, contributing to metastatic progression. In this work, a simple mathematical model describes how the primary tumor, CTCs, activated platelets and effector CD 8 +  T cells participate in metastasis. The stability analysis reveals that for early dissemination of CTCs, effector CD 8 +  T cells can present or keep secondary metastatic tumor burden at low equilibrium state. In contrast, for late dissemination of CTCs, effector CD 8 +  T cells are unlikely to inhibit secondary tumor growth. Moreover, global sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the rate of the primary tumor growth, intravascular CTC proliferation, as well as the CD 8 +  T cell proliferation, strongly affects the number of the secondary tumor cells. Additionally, model simulations indicate that an increase in CTC proliferation greatly contributes to tumor metastasis. Our simulations further illustrate that the higher the number of activated platelets on CTCs, the higher the probability of secondary tumor establishment. Intriguingly, from a mathematical immunology perspective, our simulations indicate that if the rate of effector CD 8 +  T cell proliferation is high, then the secondary tumor formation can be considerably delayed, providing a window for adjuvant tumor control strategies. Collectively, our results suggest that the earlier the effector CD 8 +  T cell response is enhanced the higher is the probability of preventing or delaying secondary tumor metastases.
Growing evidence has suggested that time-varying functional connectivity between different brain regions might underlie the dynamic experience of pain. This study used a novel, data-driven framework to characterize the dynamic interactions of large-scale brain networks during sustained pain by estimating recurrent patterns of phase-synchronization. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging signals were collected from 50 healthy participants before (once) and after (twice) the onset of sustained pain that was induced by topical application of capsaicin cream. We first decoded the instantaneous phase of neural activity and then applied leading eigenvector dynamic analysis on the time-varying phase-synchronization. We identified 3 recurrent brain states that show distinctive phase-synchronization. The presence of state 1, characterized by phase-synchronization between the default mode network and auditory, visual, and sensorimotor networks, together with transitions towards this brain state, increased during sustained pain. These changes can account for the perceived pain intensity and reported unpleasantness induced by capsaicin application. In contrast, state 3, characterized by phase-synchronization between the cognitive control network and sensory networks, decreased after the onset of sustained pain. These results are indicative of a shift toward internally directed self-referential processes (state 1) and away from externally directed cognitive control processes (state 3) during sustained pain.
Patients receive doxorubicin hydrochloride IV over 5-10 minutes and cyclophosphamide IV over 30-60 minutes every 2 weeks for 8 weeks. Patients then receive paclitaxel IV over 1 hour weekly for 12 weeks.
The Phase 2 and 3 clinical trial program for tolterodine tartrate tablets included 3071 patients who were treated with tolterodine tartrate (N=2133) or placebo (N=938). The patients were treated with 1, 2, 4, or 8 mg/day for up to 12 months. No differences in the safety profile of tolterodine were identified based on age, gender, race, or metabolism.

The data described below reflect exposure to tolterodine tartrate 2 mg bid in 986 patients and to placebo in 683 patients exposed for 12 weeks in five Phase 3, controlled clinical studies. Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The adverse reaction information from clinical trials does, however, provide a basis for identifying the adverse events that appear to be related to drug use and approximating rates.

Sixty-six percent of patients receiving tolterodine tartrate 2 mg bid reported adverse events versus 56% of placebo patients. The most common adverse events reported by patients receiving tolterodine tartrate were dry mouth, headache, constipation, vertigo/dizziness, and abdominal pain. Dry mouth, constipation, abnormal vision (accommodation abnormalities), urinary retention, and xerophthalmia are expected side effects of antimuscarinic agents.

Dry mouth was the most frequently reported adverse event for patients treated with tolterodine tartrate 2 mg bid in the Phase 3 clinical studies, occurring in 34.8% of patients treated with tolterodine tartrate and 9.8% of placebo-treated patients. One percent of patients treated with tolterodine tartrate discontinued treatment due to dry mouth.

The frequency of discontinuation due to adverse events was highest during the first 4 weeks of treatment. Seven percent of patients treated with tolterodine tartrate 2 mg bid discontinued treatment due to adverse events versus 6% of placebo patients. The most common adverse events leading to discontinuation of tolterodine tartrate were dizziness and headache.

Three percent of patients treated with tolterodine tartrate 2 mg bid reported a serious adverse event versus 4% of placebo patients. Significant ECG changes in QT and QTc have not been demonstrated in clinical-study patients treated with tolterodine tartrate 2 mg bid. Table 5 lists the adverse events reported in 1% or more of the patients treated with tolterodine tartrate 2 mg bid in the 12-week studies. The adverse events are reported regardless of causality.
PURPOSE: A composition of an agent for treating osteoporosis is provided to suppress bone absorption and to promote bone formation. CONSTITUTION: A composition of an agent for treating osteoporosis contains ethanol solution extract or ethanol extract of horse bone as an active ingredient. The ethanol solution contains 60-80% or 70-80% of ethanol. The composition is a pharmaceutical composition. The pharmaceutical composition is administered by oral or parenteral method. The composition is a food composition and food composition is a functional beverage.
System and method for cryogenic separation of plant material are provided. A vessel is filled with cryogenic fluid having a temperature at or less than −150 degrees Celsius. Plant material is placed into the vessel via a basket and agitation is provided to the plant material in the vessel for a predetermined time period. Upon completion of the time period, the basket having at least a portion of the plant material is removed from the vessel. Plant particulates separated from the plant material during the agitation settle to the bottom of the vessel. The vessel is drained of the cryogenic fluid, including plant particulates separated from the plant material.
Subjects who participated in and completed study EN3835-201 and had composite improvement of at least 2-levels on both the Clinician Reported-Photonumeric Cellulite Severity Scale (CR-PCSS) and Patient Reported-Photonumeric Cellulite Severity Scale (PR-PCSS) in EN3835-201 study will be eligible for this study. The study will consist of a single day evaluation approximately 4 years after the first dose of the study drug was received in the EN3835-201 study.
The Tonic Stretch Reflex Threshold (TSRT) is the joint angle or muscle length (λ) at which muscle activation begins. In spasticity, the TSRT abnormally lies inside the biomechanical joint range. It is determined by measuring the Dynamic Stretch Reflex Thresholds (DSRTs) by stretching the resting muscle at different velocities. The metric μ, characterizes the velocity-sensitivity of the DSRTs and is expressed as the time required to lengthen the passive muscles from DSRT to TSRT at the respective stretch velocity. The original formulation of the TSRT, DSRT and μ is summarized. Then, a thorough search of literature prior to December 2023 was conducted that returned 25 papers that have used the technique. Eleven of these papers come from the research group of the authors, including 1 reporting on treatment effects. Of the remaining 14 papers, 11 report variations of the methodology with different populations and 3 report on the effects of an intervention. The review discusses how specific modifications to data collection and analysis procedures have either improved the methodology or, in some cases, led to uninterpretable results. The influence of modifications to the data collection and analysis procedures is discussed.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with cardiovascular morbidity. Tocilizumab (TCZ), a monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-6 receptor is an effective new biotherapy for the treatment of RA. This treatment is associated with increased LDL and HDL-cholesterol lipid parameters. Adipokines are adipose tissue-specific secreted molecules, which have many functions such as regulation of appetite, blood glucose or immune response. Among the adipokines, adiponectin exerts beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. Patients with RA also exhibit body composition changes, including an increase in abdominal visceral fat. The impact of tocilizumab therapy in RA patients on adipokines and body composition is not known.

This project aims to explore the evolution of circulating adiponectin and other adipokines during tocilizumab therapy in RA. Body composition and its variations under tocilizumab therapy will also be analyzed.
The pathological mechanism of pathological scar is highly complex, encompassing the abnormalities of diverse cytokines, signaling pathways and regulatory factors. To discover more preferable scar treatment options, a variety of distinct approaches have been utilized clinically. Nevertheless, these treatments possess certain side effects and are inclined to relapse. Presently, pathological scar treatment remains a clinical conundrum, and there is an urgent demand for treatment methods that are safe, less traumatic and have lower recurrence rates. New drug delivery systems, novel therapeutic drugs and therapy strategies can enable drugs to permeate the skin effectively, decrease side effects, enhance drug efficacy and even achieve pain-free self-administration. Currently, novel nanotechnologies such as nanomicroneedles, photodynamics mediated by novel photosensitizers, bioelectrical stimulation and 3D printed dressings have been developed for the effective treatment of pathological scars. Additionally, innovative nanoscale fillers, including nano-fat and engineered exosomes, can serve as novel therapeutic agents for the efficient treatment of pathological scars. The intervention of nanomaterials can enhance drug absorption, stabilize and safeguard the active ingredients of drugs, delay or control drug release and enhance bioavailability. This article reviews these new treatment strategies for scar to explore novel approaches for efficient and safe for keloid treatment.
This is an open-label (all people know the identity of the intervention), single-center, randomized (the study medication is assigned by chance), 2-way crossover (method used to switch participants from one treatment arm to another in a clinical study) study of a single dose of 250-mg tapentadol. All participants will receive in randomized order the TRF tablet and PR2 tablet, both as a single dose of 250 mg tapentadol. Approximately 64 participants will be enrolled in the study. The study consists of 3 phases: a screening phase (within 2 to 21 days before the first study drug administration on Day 1 of Period 1), an open-label treatment phase consisting of 2 single-dose treatment periods. Treatment administrations will be separated by a washout period of 7 to 14 days. All participants will be randomly assigned to 1 of 2 possible treatment sequences and receive both of the following treatments, 1 in each period: Treatment A: tapentadol ER 250-mg TRF tablet, administered as a single oral dose under fasted condition and Treatment B: tapentadol ER 250-mg PR2 tablet, administered as a single oral dose under fasted condition. Safety will be evaluated by the assessment of adverse events, vital signs, physical examination, 12-lead electrocardiogram, and clinical laboratory tests which will be monitored throughout the study. The duration of participation in the study for an individual participant will be up to 5.5 weeks.
A standardized disk testing procedure is recommended for determining susceptibility of aerobic bacteria to clindamycin. A description is contained in the clindamycin palmitate HCl susceptibility disk insert. Using this method, the laboratory can designate isolates as resistant, intermediate, or susceptible.

Tube or agar dilution methods may be used for both anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. When the directions in the clindamycin palmitate HCl susceptibility powder insert are followed, an MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) of 1.6 mcg/mL may be considered susceptible; MICs of 1.6 to 4.8 mcg/mL may be considered intermediate and MICs greater than 4.8 mcg/mL may be considered resistant.

Clindamycin palmitate HCl susceptibility disks 2 mcg. See package insert for use.

Clindamycin palmitate HCl susceptibility powder 20 mg. See package insert for use.

For anaerobic bacteria the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of clindamycin can be determined by agar dilution and broth dilution (including microdilution) techniques. If MICs are not determined routinely, the disk broth method is recommended for routine use. THE KIRBY-BAUER DISK

DIFFUSION METHOD AND ITS INTERPRETIVE STANDARDS ARE NOT RECOMMENDED FOR ANAEROBES.

To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of clindamycin palmitate HCl for oral solution, USP (pediatric) and other antibacterial drugs, clindamycin palmitate HCl for oral solution, USP (pediatric) should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.
Dose-expansion cohort: Sorafenib (Nexavar, BAY43-9006) 400 mg twice daily (200-mg tablet) expansion. Treatment were planned until primary completion date (PCD). 25 of 119 participants from the Expansion Phase, were still on the treatment as of 31 May 2005. Of these, 6 subjects were continuing to receive sorafenib in combination with carboplatin and/or paclitaxel and 19 subjects were receiving single-agent sorafenib until 18 Sep 2008.
FIELD: medicine, medicinal preparations. SUBSTANCE: method involves preparing aqueous-salt extract from milled cattle lungs or by surfactant washing off using bronchoalveolar lavage, centrifugation followed by freezing and thawing out supernatant. Obtained suspension is subjected for low-speed centrifugation and extracted with organic solvents. Aqueous phase and organic solvent were removed, residue is emulsified with sterile distilled water and lyophilized. EFFECT: simplified method, high quality of the end product. 2 dwg
Patients receive dasatinib PO BID. Treatment repeats every 4 weeks for up to 5 years in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
After inhalation induction of general anesthesia, caudal block was applied. Patients were randomly assigned in two groups. Normal saline 0.5mL added to ropivacaine 0.15% 1.0 ml/kg was administered to Group R , Magnesium 50mg (Magnesium 10% 0.5mL)added to ropivacaine 0.15% 1.0ml/kg to Group MR.
Perception of Velocity (PV) is the ability to estimate single repetition velocity during resistance training (RT) exercises. The main purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of Mental Fatigue (MF) on the accuracy of barbell PV. The secondary aims were to evaluate whether MF affected RT performance and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE; OMNI-RES) in the back squat. Twenty-four (14 Females, 10 Males) resistance-trained participants underwent 2 familiarization sessions and 1RM test for the back squat. In two separate sessions, PV was tested for light, medium, and heavy loads in 2 conditions in random order: at rest (REST) and in MF condition (POST-MF) induced by previous incongruent Stroop color-word task. MF and Motivation were assessed through visual analog scales (VAS; 0-100) before and after the Stroop task. For each load subjects performed 2 repetitions and reported the RPE value. Mean propulsive velocity (Vr) of the barbell was recorded with a linear encoder, while the perceived velocity (Vp) of the subjects was self-reported using the Squat-PV scale. The PV accuracy was calculated through the delta score (ds: Vp-Vr). Following the Stroop task MF increased significantly (p < 0.001; F (1, 23) = 52.572), while motivation decreased (p < 0.05; F (1, 23) = 7.401). Ds, Vr, and RPE did not show significant differences between conditions (p > 0.05) for the three loads analyzed. MF induced by previous demanding cognitive task did not affect PV accuracy. Furthermore, subjects maintained unchanged both RT performance and RPE values associated with each load, even when mentally fatigued.
Auditory training as the potential to dramatically affect older persons' adjustment to a new hearing aid and to maximize the benefits they receive from wearing one. In turn, by wearing hearing aids, they experience easier and more successful communication patterns. They enhance their ability to engage in everyday conversations and will be able to become more socially involved with their family and friends. In this study we will try to determine the extent to which web-based clEAR auditory brain training, with concomitant support from a clEAR in-house audiologist, affects satisfaction with new hearing aids and increases daily use time. The study will include thirty adults over the age of 60 years who have received hearing aids for the first time. After an adjustment period, half will complete clEAR's auditory brain training program right away and the other half will complete it after a delay period, and both will complete a control condition. To establish the level of feasibility and clinical utility. We will measure hearing aid satisfaction, benefit ratings, and hearing aid use time.
FIELD: chemicopharmaceutical industry. SUBSTANCE: the suggested medicinal form suppositories contains as active components, g: ethionamide 0.175, isoniazide 0.175, pyridoxine hydrochloride 0.03 and, also, complex fatty foundation 2.62. The present innovation enables to avoid inactivation of preparations with gastro-intestinal enzymes, hepatic metabolism and unfavorable action upon the body. Combination of isoniazide of high bacteriostatic activity and ethionamide that increases therapeutic effect of isoniazide and affect refractory and atypical forms of tubercular mycobacteria enables to decrease therapeutic doses of preparations applied. EFFECT: higher efficiency of application. 1 tbl
PTTG polypeptides are expressed by the pituitary-tumor-transforming-gene (PTTG), formerly known as pituitary-tumor-specific-gene (PTSG), and nucleic acids encode them. Examples are the human and rat PTTG proteins. The nucleic acids may be applied to a method of producing PTTG polypeptide, and to the detection of the presence of PTTG genes in different species. The nucleic acids may be operatively linked to a vector, optionally provided with control and expression sequences and/or be carried by a recombinant host cell. PTTG oligonucleotide probes and primers are disclosed, which can be employed in diagnostic kits, in methods of identifying or isolating mammalian PTTG nucleic acid, and in a method for detecting a pathological mass associated with PTTG expression. An antisense oligonucleotide is disclosed. Compositions comprising PTTG nucleic acids are also disclosed.
PURPOSE: Reconstruction of nasal defects, particularly in the lower third of the nose, presents significant challenges due to the area's complex 3-dimensional structure and thicker, more sebaceous skin. The bilobed flap, a double transposition flap, has been a popular method for addressing these nasal defects.
METHODS: This retrospective review examines a single surgeon's experience with bilobed flaps for nasal reconstruction over the last 15 years. Demographics, defect characteristics, intraoperative details, postoperative complications, and revisionary procedures were documented, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess complication rate associations.
RESULTS: In all, 148 bilobed reconstructions were analyzed, with a mean patient age of 62.6 years and 46.0% male prevalence. The most common indication for the procedure was basal cell carcinoma following Mohs surgery, with the majority of the defects located on the lower third of the nose. The average defect size was 1.11 cm². Complications occurred in 52.0% of cases, including pincushioning, scar thickening, asymmetry, alar stenosis, and wound dehiscence. Reoperations and additional treatments such as dermabrasion, steroid injections, and laser therapy were frequently necessary to address these issues. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated significantly more postoperative complications when the defect was located on the lower third of the nose when compared with the upper two-thirds.
CONCLUSIONS: While the bilobed flap can provide adequate skin coverage with perfect color match, it is associated with notable complications that impact esthetic outcomes. Proper patient selection and surgical technique are crucial for optimizing results.
ASTAXANTHIN MEDIUM-CHAIN FATTY ACID ESTER, PRODUCTION METHOD OF THE SAME, AND COMPOSITION COMPRISING THE SAME The present invention provides an astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester, which is expected to be applied in the fields of food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, and has higher digestibility and tissue penetration than long chain fatty acid ester form astaxanthins. When the synthesis of an astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester is attempted using the catalytic action of lipase by conventional methods, ester cannot be formed. However, according to the present invention, a composition comprising an astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid monoester and/or diester is produced by adding a certain amount of water into a reaction system and reacting an astaxanthin or a long chain fatty acid ester thereof with a medium-chain fatty acid, a triglyceride thereof or a suitable ester. Moreover, these monoesters and/or diesters are isolated, as necessary. The present invention further provides food or cosmetics comprising the composition of the present invention. No suitable figure
Access to all the CAPACITI module materials, provided on a learning management system. The intervention group will also receive the CAPACITI program with module facilitation, namely high-facilitation and expert coaching in the coverage of module materials in four live webinars (bimonthly for the 2 month duration of the module = 4 webinars).