anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A long-term study of tazarotene following oral administration of 0.025, 0.050, and 0.125 mg/kg/day to rats showed no indications of increased carcinogenic risks. Based on pharmacokinetic data from a shorter-term study in rats, the highest dose of 0.125 mg/kg/day was anticipated to give systemic exposure in the rat equivalent to the MRHD (based on AUC comparison).

A long-term study with topical application of up to 0.1% of tazarotene in a gel formulation in mice terminated at 88 weeks showed that dose levels of 0.05, 0.125, 0.25, and 1 mg/kg/day (reduced to 0.5 mg/kg/day for males after 41 weeks due to severe dermal irritation) revealed no apparent carcinogenic effects when compared to vehicle control animals. Tazarotenic acid systemic exposures at the highest dose was 7 times the MRHD (based on AUC comparison).

Tazarotene was non-mutagenic in the Ames assay and did not produce structural chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes. Tazarotene was non-mutagenic in CHO/HGPRT mammalian cell forward gene mutation assay and was non-clastogenic in an in vivo mouse micronucleus test.

No impairment of fertility occurred in rats when male animals were treated for 70 days prior to mating and female animals were treated for 14 days prior to mating and continuing through gestation and lactation with topical doses of a tazarotene gel formulation up to 0.125 mg/kg/day. Based on data from another study, the systemic drug exposure in the rat at the highest dose was equivalent to the MRHD (based on AUC comparison).

No impairment of mating performance or fertility was observed in male rats treated for 70 days prior to mating with oral doses of tazarotene up to 1 mg/kg/day which produced a systemic exposure 4 times the MRHD (based on AUC comparison).

No impairment of mating performance or fertility was observed in female rats treated for 15 days prior to mating and continuing through gestation day 7 with oral doses of tazarotene up to 2 mg/kg/day. However, there was a significant decrease in the number of estrous stages and an increase in developmental effects at that dose which produced a systemic exposure 6 times the MRHD (based on AUC comparison).
The present invention relates to a serum composition having an aromatherapeutic effect, comprising: natural essential oil including essential oil of Dendranthema boreale (Makino) Ling ex Kitam., essential oil of Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka, essential oil of Artemisia annua, essential oil of Artemisia princeps Pampanini in Geomundo Island, and linalool; and natural hydrosol including hysdrosol of Dendranthema boreale (Makino) Ling ex Kitam., hysdrosol of Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka, hysdrosol of Artemisia annua, and hydrosol of Artemisia princeps Pampanini in Geomundo Island. The natural hydrosol is added as a solvent. The serum composition in the present invention has a combination of Dendranthema boreale (Makino) Ling ex Kitam. flower scent and Artemisia princeps Pampanini scent, relieves the skin, moisturizes the skin, and has an excellent aromatherapeutic effect.
MultiSense® strip will be attached on patient's thorax. The monitoring will last between 5 and 7 days during the post-ICU hospitalization, at rest and during rehabilitation exercises.
Carcinogenesis

In a 2-year carcinogenicity study in female mice, ospemifene was orally administered at 100, 400, or 1500 mg/kg/day. No evaluation for carcinogenicity was conducted in male mice. There was significant increase in adrenal subcapsular cell adenomas at 4 and 5 times the human exposure based on AUC, and adrenal cortical tumors at 5 times the human exposure. In the ovary, an increase in sex cord/stromal tumors, tubulostromal tumors, granulosa cell tumors, and luteomas were also seen. These findings occurred at doses 2 to 5 times the human exposure based on AUC and are probably related to estrogenic/antiestrogenic effect of ospemifene in mice.

In a 2-year carcinogenicity study in rats, ospemifene was orally administered at 10, 50, or 300 mg/kg/day. A significant increase in thymomas was recorded for males and thymomas for females at all ospemifene dose levels, or 0.3 to 1.2 times the human exposure based on AUC. In the liver, an increase in hepatocellular tumors was recorded for females at all ospemifene dose levels.

Mutagenesis

Ospemifene was not genotoxic in vitro in the Ames test in strains of Salmonella typhimurium or at the thymidine kinase (tk) locus of mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells in the absence and in the presence of a metabolic activator system. In in vivo testing, ospemifene was not genotoxic in a standard mouse bone marrow micronucleus test or in a determination of DNA adducts in the liver of rats.

Impairment of Fertility

The effect of ospemifene on fertility was not directly evaluated. In female rats and monkeys, decreases in ovarian and uterine weights, decreased corpora lutea number, increased ovarian cysts, uterine atrophy, and disrupted cycles were observed when given repeated daily oral doses. In male rats, atrophy of the prostate and seminal vesicles was noted. The effects on reproductive organs observed in animals are consistent with the estrogen receptor activity of ospemifene and potential for impairment of fertility.
Small, anti-inflammatory compounds that are peptide analogs are described useful to inhibit inflammation of a mammal's skin, mucous membranes, or lacerations of the musculature or injury to the brain or leakage of fluids into the air spaces of the lungs. Peptide analogs of the invention have the primary sequence T N  -A 1  -A 2  -A 3  -A 4  -A 5  -A 6  -T C  where one of the moieties is in the D-configuration. A 1  and A 2  are each a basic polar amino acids while each of A 3 , A 4 , and A 6  is a hydrophobic amino acid. A 5  can be a variety of structures and appears to function to optimize the spatial relationship between the hydrophobic and the basic residues. T N  is selected or modified to convey resistance against enzymatic degradation. T C  is an amino group or an amidated amino acid, preferably hydrophobic.
Participants will be administered cabotegravir at a dose of 30 mg plus rilpivirine dose of 25 mg once daily with meal on Day 1 to Day 28 in OLI phase. There will be 10 to 14 days wash out period after OLI. This will be followed by an injection phase, wherein participants will receive 600 mg cabotegravir long acting given as one 3 milliliter (mL) IM injection plus 900 mg rilpivirine long acting given as one 3 mL IM injection on Day 1.
INTRODUCTION: Computed tomography (CT) is routinely employed on the evaluation of dyspnea, yet limited data exist on its assessment of diaphragmatic muscle. This study aimed to determine the capability of CT in identifying structural changes in the diaphragm among patients with ultrasound-confirmed diaphragmatic dysfunction.
METHODS: Diaphragmatic ultrasounds conducted between 2018 and 2021 at our center in Marseille, France, were retrospectively collected. Diaphragmatic pillars were measured on CT scans at the L1 level and the celiac artery. Additionally, the difference in height between the two diaphragmatic domes in both diaphragmatic dysfunction cases and controls was measured and compared.
RESULTS: A total of 65 patients were included, comprising 24 with diaphragmatic paralysis, 13 with diaphragmatic weakness, and 28 controls. In the case group (paralysis and weakness) with left dysfunctions (n = 24), the CT thickness of the pillars at the level of L1 and the celiac artery was significantly thinner compared with controls (2.0 mm vs. 7.4 mm and 1.8 mm vs. 3.1 mm, p < 0.001 respectively). Significantly different values were observed for paralysis (but not weakness) in the right dysfunction subgroup (n = 15) (2.6 mm vs. 7.4 mm and 2.2 mm vs. 3.8 mm, p < 0.001 respectively, for paralysis vs. controls). Regardless of the side of dysfunction, a significant difference in diaphragmatic height was observed between cases and controls (7.70 cm vs. 1.16 cm and 5.51 cm vs. 1.16 cm, p < 0.001 for right and left dysfunctions, respectively). Threshold values determined through ROC curve analyses for height differences between the two diaphragmatic domes, indicative of paralysis or weakness in the right dysfunctions, were 4.44 cm and 3.51 cm, respectively. Similarly for left dysfunctions, the thresholds were 2.70 cm and 2.48 cm, respectively, demonstrating good performance (aera under the curve of 1.00, 1.00, 0.98, and 0.79, respectively).
CONCLUSION: In cases of left diaphragmatic dysfunction, as well as in paralysis associated with right diaphragmatic dysfunction, CT revealed thinner pillars. Additionally, a notable increase in the difference in diaphragmatic height demonstrated a strong potential to identify diaphragmatic dysfunction, with specific threshold values.
Depression is a common mental disorder, the effective treatment of which remains a challenging issue worldwide. The clinical pathogenesis of depression has been deeply explored, leading to the formulation of various pathogenic hypotheses. Among these, the monoamine neurotransmitter hypothesis holds a prominent position, yet it has significant limitations as more than one-third of patients do not respond to conventional treatments targeting monoamine transmission disturbances. Over the past few decades, a growing body of research has highlighted the link between inflammation and depression as a potential key factor in the pathophysiology of depression. In this review, we first summarize the relationship between inflammation and depression, with a focus on the pathophysiological changes mediated by inflammation in depression. The mechanisms linking inflammation to depression as well as multiple anti-inflammatory strategies are also discussed, and their efficacy and safety are assessed. This review broadens the perspective on specific aspects of using anti-inflammatory strategies for treating depression, laying the groundwork for advancing precision medicine for individuals suffering from "inflamed" depression.
A randomized double-blinded clinical pilot study will be conducted in an IMU Oral Health Centre, registered under Malaysia local authority. Convenient stratified blocked random sampling method will be used. Subjects included are those who will undergo endodontic treatment due to SIP between April 2020 to April 2022. 20 subjects are randomly allocated into real and sham acupuncture group. Electroacupuncture on LI4 HeGu, PC6 NeiGuan, ST6 JiaChe and ST7 XiaGuan will be applied on patients for 30 minutes before endodontic treatment. Pain levels are measured with Heft-Parker visual analog scale (HP-VAS) at the time point before and after EA, before and after endodontic treatment, 12 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours after the treatment. For sham acupuncture group, blunted needles which do not penetrate the skin but will only be placed on the skin and stabilised by cotton ball and surgical tape at respective acupuncture points. No manipulation will be conducted for the sham acupuncture group. Patients, endodontist and data analyst are blinded in this study. Data collected will be analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 25.0. Paired T-test will be used to compare the pre-EA and post-EA pain score. T-test will be used to compare the pain scores of real and sham EA groups at each time interval including post-EA, during treatment and post-treatment ; and for induction time of IANBs in real and sham EA groups.

This study will identify the effect of EA on the success rate of IANB and post-operative pain relief for SIP among Malaysian.
The invention belongs to the field of antipyretic drugs, and particularly relates to an antipyretic traditional Chinese medicine compound and a preparation method and application thereof. The antipyretic Chinese herbal compound comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-5 parts of ephedra, 1-5 parts of mint, 1-5 parts of radix bupleuri, 1-5 parts of sweet wormwood, 1-5 parts of honeysuckle, 1-3 parts of schizonepeta, 1-3 parts of giant knotweed and 0.1-1 part of borneol. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the antipyretic traditional Chinese medicine compound and a suppository prepared by adopting the antipyretic traditional Chinese medicine compound. The antipyretic Chinese herbal compound provided by the invention mainly selects pungent, cool, bitter and cold medicinal materials, and has the effects of relieving exterior syndrome and dispelling wind and heat. In combination with the lightly-ventilating herbs such as Bo He, Bu chai Hu can improve the efficacy. The whole formula is bitter and cold, and the Chinese ephedra and the herba schizonepetae are used for preventing the excessive bitter and cold, and the efficacy of relieving exterior syndrome of the two is enhanced. Meanwhile, borneol has the functions of transdermal absorption, medicine absorption acceleration, blood component entry acceleration of sweet wormwood herb and the like, and prevention and treatment of macula, heat exuberance and stirring wind, heat injury of nutrient blood and the like.
Critical limb ischemia (CLI) refers to a severe condition resulting from gradual obstruction in the supply of blood, oxygen, and nutrients to the limbs. The most promising clinical solution to CLI is therapeutic angiogenesis. This study explored the potency of pro-angiogenic terbium hydroxide nanorods (THNR) for treatment of CLI, with a major focus on their impact on ischemia-induced maladaptive alterations in endothelial cells as well as on vascularization in ischemic limbs. This study demonstrated that, in hypoxia-exposed endothelial cells, THNR improve survival and promote proliferation, migration, restoration of nitric oxide production, and regulation of vascular permeability. Based on molecular studies, these attributes of THNR can be traced to the stimulation of PI3K/AKT/eNOS signaling pathways. Besides, Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathways may also play a role in the therapeutic actions of THNR. Furthermore, in the murine model of CLI, THNR administration can integrally re-establish blood perfusion with concomitant reduction of muscle damage and inflammation. Additionally, improvement of locomotor activities and motor coordination in ischemic limbs in THNR treated mice is also evident. Overall, the study demonstrates that THNR have the potential to be developed as an efficacious and cost-effective alternative clinical therapy for CLI, using a nanomedicine approach.
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a pivotal factor in gliomas, contributing to their complexity, progression, and therapeutic challenges. CIN, characterized by frequent genomic alterations during mitosis, leads to genetic abnormalities and impacts cellular functions. This instability results from various factors, including replication errors and toxic compounds. While CIN's role is well documented in cancers like ovarian cancer, its implications for gliomas are increasingly recognized. CIN influences glioma progression by affecting key oncological pathways, such as tumor suppressor genes (e.g., TP53), oncogenes (e.g., EGFR), and DNA repair mechanisms. It drives tumor evolution, promotes inflammatory signaling, and affects immune interactions, potentially leading to poor clinical outcomes and treatment resistance. This review examines CIN's impact on gliomas through a narrative approach, analyzing data from PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus. It highlights CIN's role across glioma subtypes, from adult glioblastomas and astrocytomas to pediatric oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas. Key findings include CIN's effect on tumor heterogeneity and its potential as a biomarker for early detection and monitoring. Emerging therapies targeting CIN, such as those modulating tumor mutation burden and DNA damage response pathways, show promise but face challenges. The review underscores the need for integrated therapeutic strategies and improved bioinformatics tools like CINdex to advance understanding and treatment of gliomas. Future research should focus on combining CIN-targeted therapies with immune modulation and personalized medicine to enhance patient outcomes.
PURPOSE:To obtain a detergent compsn. which irritates the skin very little. CONSTITUTION:A detergent compsn. is prepd. by compounding at least one compd. selected from an N-acyl amino acid and its salt with at least one compd. selected from at least either glycyrrhizic acid and its salt or an extraxt of a horse chestnut. The compsn. may further contain an oil component, a nonionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a higher alcohol, a humectant, a thickener, a conditioning agent, a sequestering agent, a pH regulator, an ultraviolet absorber, a bacteriocide, an antiseptic, a pigment, a perfume, etc. The compsn. can be used, e.g. as a shampoo, a body shampoo, a hand cleanser, a face cleanser, a kitchen cleanser, a detergent for cloths, a pet shampoo, a carpet shampoo, a house shampoo, etc.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends malaria prophylaxis for all pregnant women living in endemic areas in order to reduce maternal anemia, low birth weight and perinatal mortality by 25-45%. The most commonly used regimen is intermittently dosed sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP).Unfortunately, SP prophylaxis is contraindicated for HIV-infected pregnant women since co-administration with TMPS (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) causes serious adverse events. TMPS (Bactrim or Cotrimoxazole) is an effective, well-tolerated, low-cost antibiotic that is used as prophylaxis in HIV-patients with low CD4 counts. It has anti-malarial activity with prophylactic efficacy that is comparable to SP (30-90%). Daily TMPS is recommended as malaria prophylaxis in pregnant women with HIV in many African countries (including Cameroon) but malaria infection rates are high even when medication compliance is excellent; thus, new and improved options are urgently needed. Azithromycin (AZ) is a macrolide antibiotic with activity against malaria, a good safety profile in pregnancy and proven utility as a part of combination malaria prevention regimens (such as SP-AZ). It also has activity against sexually transmitted infections (STI) and perinatal pathogens, including chlamydia (CT), gonorrhea (GC), syphilis and GBS (Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococcus), a potential but understudied contributor to high rates of newborn sepsis and death in Africa. SP-AZ prophylaxis in HIV-uninfected pregnant women has been reported to reduce prevalence of low birth weight (RR 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.6-0.9) and preterm delivery (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.48-0.91) compared to SP alone.

Thus, the central hypothesis is that a TMPS-AZ combination will be more effective than standard TMPS malaria prophylaxis in pregnant women with HIV, and that it will also decrease STI coinfection. Investigators plan a test-of-concept of the central hypothesis by conducting a double blinded, Phase II randomized controlled trial (RCT).
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the handoff guidance (HG) self-management intervention for multimorbid chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients following hospitalization for acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) using HG self-management intervention compared to a control group on COPD self-management outcomes (self-care, self-efficacy, health engagement) and assess feasibility, acceptability, and healthcare utilization. A randomized pilot study used a 2-group with repeated measures design. Adults with COPD who had been hospitalized for AECOPD were recruited. After discharge, the HG self-management intervention employed health coaching delivered at: 1-3, 10-12, and 20-22 days after hospital discharge. Follow-up data collected was collected at 1-3, 10-12, 20-22, 30, 60, and 90 days after hospital discharge. A total of 29 subjects participated, with a mean age of 66 (+8.7) years old, the majority were females (n = 18). Intervention participants reported the acceptability of the HG self-management intervention. Participants in both groups continued to report COPD symptoms after discharge, which decreased over time, although not significantly different by group. The use of COPD maintenance, monitoring, and management behaviors was higher in the treatment group, although not significantly different.
###  TSC-Associated SEGA

The safety and effectiveness of everolimus tablets for oral suspension have been established in pediatric patients age 1 year and older with TSC-associated SEGA that requires therapeutic intervention but cannot be curatively resected. Use of everolimus tablets for oral suspension for this indication is supported by evidence from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in adult and pediatric patients (EXIST-1); an open-label, single-arm trial in adult and pediatric patients (Study 2485); and additional pharmacokinetic data in pediatric patients [see Adverse Reactions (6.1), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3), Clinical Studies (14.5)]. The safety and effectiveness of everolimus tablets for oral suspension have not been established in pediatric patients less than 1 year of age with TSC-associated SEGA. 

In EXIST-1, the incidence of infections and serious infections were reported at a higher frequency in patients < 6 years of age. Ninety-six percent of 23 AFINITOR-treated patients < 6 years had at least one infection compared to 67% of 55 AFINITOR-treated patients ≥ 6 years. Thirty-five percent of 23 AFINITOR-treated patients < 6 years of age had at least 1 serious infection compared to 7% of 55 AFINITOR-treated patients ≥ 6 years. 

Although a conclusive determination cannot be made due to the limited number of patients and lack of a comparator arm in the open label follow-up periods of EXIST-1 and Study 2485, AFINITOR did not appear to adversely impact growth and pubertal development in the 115 pediatric patients treated with AFINITOR for a median duration of 4.1 years.

###  TSC-Associated Partial-Onset Seizures

The safety and effectiveness of everolimus tablets for oral suspension has been established for the adjunctive treatment of pediatric patients aged 2 years and older with TSC-associated partial-onset seizures. Use of everolimus tablets for oral suspension for this indication is supported by evidence from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in adult and pediatric patients (EXIST-3) with additional pharmacokinetic data in pediatric patients [see Adverse Reactions (6.1), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3), Clinical Studies (14.6)]. The safety and effectiveness of everolimus tablets for oral suspension and AFINITOR have not been established for the adjunctive treatment of pediatric patients less than 2 years of age with TSC-associated partial-onset seizures.

The incidence of infections and serious infections were reported at a higher frequency in patients < 6 years of age compared to patients ≥ 6 years old. Seventy-seven percent of 70 everolimus tablets for oral suspension-treated patients < 6 years had at least one infection, compared to 53% of 177 everolimus tablets for oral suspension-treated patients ≥ 6 years. Sixteen percent of 70 everolimus tablets for oral suspension-treated patients < 6 years of age had at least 1 serious infection, compared to 4% of 177 everolimus tablets for oral suspension-treated patients ≥ 6 years of age. Two fatal cases due to infections were reported in pediatric patients.