anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Understanding the factors that contribute to the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is of great importance for the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies. Evidence suggests that a number of host immunologic and virologic factors play critical roles in protection against sexually transmitted HIV infection in HIV-discordant partners. Among these, the antiviral role of CD8+ T cells in HIV-infected individuals has been extensively studied. At least two types of CD8+ T cell-mediated antiviral activities have been described in HIV infection. The first is a suppressive activity against HIV involving lysis of infected cells in an antigen-specific, HLA-restricted fashion, while the second mechanism inhibits viral replication via either cell- or soluble mediated factors in the absence of cell killing. It has been demonstrated that cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes (CTL) are present in both cervical and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from a subpopulation of highly-HIV-exposed but persistently seronegative individuals. However, studies addressing the effect of non-cytotoxic soluble factor-mediated antiviral activity by CD8+ T cells in preventing seroconversion in HIV-discordant couples have been lacking. This study proposes to examine the role of CD8+ T cell-derived CC-chemokine activities and the copy numbers of one of the chemokine genes, CCL3L1, along with other host anti-HIV and virologic factors in resistance to HIV infection in persistently seronegative HIV-discordant partners of HIV infected individuals.
The present invention relates to a composition for skin regeneration, anti-wrinkle, antioxidation and skin whitening activities. According to the present invention, cryptotanshinone promotes collagen synthesis of fibroblasts in the skin and thus has effects of regenerating skin and reducing wrinkles. Cryptotanshinone inhibits generation of free radicals and thus has an antioxidant effect. Cryptotanshinone also inhibits synthesis of melanin and thus has a skin whitening effect. Therefore, the composition can be used as a pharmaceutical composition, an external use skin formulation, a cosmetic composition, or health food. The composition includes a compound represented by chemical formula 1 as an active ingredient.
Patients are allocated to receive traditional RV apical pacing for a period of 6 months. Then the patients will cross over to His-bundle pacing for 6 months.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Despite the remarkable advances in the treatment of germ cell tumors (GCT), several challenges remain. This review aims to highlight some of these challenges and provide guidance on how to navigate through them.
RECENT FINDINGS: Patients with International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group poor risk disease have worse prognosis and investigating novel therapeutic interventions are warranted in this population. Patients with brain metastases require a multidisciplinary approach by a group of clinicians experienced in the management of germ cell tumors. Patients with platinum refractory disease have poor prognosis and development of novel treatment options is urgently needed. Conventional tumor markers including alpha fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin remain standard. Development of novel biomarkers to detect minimal residual disease or teratoma is needed.
SUMMARY: Management of patients with GCT requires a multidisciplinary approach. Patients should preferably be evaluated at tertiary care centers with expertise in the management of this disease.
An article, for example a dental point, formed of a hydrophilic plastics material is capable of undergoing controlled radial expansion (d<SB>1</SB> to d<SB>2</SB>) upon hydration by aqueous media including body fluids without appreciable axial expansion. The hydrophilic plastics material is pre-stressed by application of pressure to its unhydrated form at a temperature in the range 100 to 160{C. It is then cooled to 40{C or less before release of the applied pressure. After cooling, the material may be machined to shape. Alternatively, pre-stressing can be carried out after shaping. Preferably, the pressure is applied by extruding the material through a die which may be maintained at the same temperature as that of the polymeric material. The article may also be used in engineering to develop gaskets for underwater use or as a tube or sleeve for sealing ruptured pipes; in electrical applications as a sleeve for sliding over electrical connectors; in medicine as a tube for sliding over limbs to immobilise broken bones and in vascular therapy as a tube or sleeve for sliding over arteries or for insertion into blood vessels or other body passages and cavities for opening up constrictions.
The invention discloses a Chinese herbal medicine liquid and application thereof. The Chinese herbal medicine liquid is prepared by mixing a base liquid No. 1 prepared from wild chrysanthemum flower, lavender, folium artemisiae argyi and clear water, a base liquid No. 2 prepared from wild chrysanthemum flower, fennel, folium artemisiae argyi and clear water, and a regulating liquid prepared from lavender, purple perilla, melaleuca alternifolia and clear water according to a certain volume ratio and then carrying out a specific process. The following effects are achieved only by the odor it emits: in the agricultural field, the needle bees (including fruit flies and melon flies) can not come or come but can be reduced, so that the effect of effectively preventing and treating the needle bees is achieved; in the agricultural field, the flowering and fruiting of crops can be obviously increased, the growth is promoted, and the yield is increased by more than 20%; in the medical and living fields, the hypnosis (sleep promotion) and digestion promotion can be effectively realized; and has obvious mosquito repelling effect and can reduce 70% of mosquitoes averagely. The Chinese herbal medicine liquid is worthy of being popularized and applied comprehensively, and can benefit human beings, ecological environment and environment-friendly agriculture.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is significantly associated with morbidity and mortality and erodes the quality and quantity of life. It is standard of care to treat patients with AF and an increased risk of stroke with oral anticoagulation therapy, but the more daunting question many clinicians face is whether to pursue a "rate-only" or "rhythm" control strategy. Historical studies over the years have sought to answer this question but have found no significant difference in major clinical outcomes between the two strategies. There are opportunities based on new data to improve the natural history of the disease. The EAST AFnet trial for the first time revealed a significant morbidity and mortality advantage to rhythm control therapy when performed early in the disease process of AF and in the setting of comprehensive medical management that was maintained. The CABANA trial clearly demonstrated that catheter ablation was a more effective long-term treatment of AF in general and significantly lowers risk of AF progression compared to medical therapy. Like multiple prior trials of rhythm management strategies, when rhythm control was effective in these trials, independent of therapy assignment, there was a significantly lower risk of adverse outcomes and death. These contemporary data provide optimism that the pervasive mortality risk in patients with AF observed over the past 50 years may be improved by the timing, use, and efficacy of use of therapeutic interventions.
Purpose To perform a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the novel image-navigated (iNAV) 3D late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac MRI imaging strategy in comparison with the conventional diaphragm-navigated (dNAV) 3D LGE cardiac MRI strategy for the assessment of left atrial fibrosis in atrial fibrillation (AF). Materials and Methods In this prospective study conducted between April and September 2022, 26 consecutive participants with AF (mean age, 61 ± 11 years; 19 male) underwent both iNAV and dNAV 3D LGE cardiac MRI, with equivalent spatial resolution and timing in the cardiac cycle. Participants were randomized in the acquisition order of iNAV and dNAV. Both, iNAV-LGE and dNAV-LGE images were analyzed qualitatively using a 5-point Likert scale and quantitatively (percentage of atrial fibrosis using image intensity ratio threshold 1.2), including testing for overlap in atrial fibrosis areas by calculating Dice score. Results Acquisition time of iNAV was significantly lower compared with dNAV (4.9 ± 1.1 minutes versus 12 ± 4 minutes, P < .001, respectively). There was no evidence of a difference in image quality for all prespecified criteria between iNAV and dNAV, although dNAV was the preferred image strategy in two-thirds of cases (17/26, 65%). Quantitative assessment demonstrated that mean fibrosis scores were lower for iNAV compared with dNAV (12 ± 8% versus 20 ± 12%, P < .001). Spatial correspondence between the atrial fibrosis maps was modest (Dice similarity coefficient, 0.43 ± 0.15). Conclusion iNAV-LGE acquisition in individuals with AF was more than twice as fast as dNAV acquisition but resulted in a lower atrial fibrosis score. The differences between these two strategies might impact clinical interpretation. ©RSNA, 2024.
An open-label study will be performed in single center to monitor about 60 patients with knee osteoarthritis(OA), each treated with 3 injections of ArtiAid® Plus 1.5% (MAXIGEN BIOTECH INC., Taiwan). Follow-up visits will be at 4 weeks, 12 weeks(a telephone contact by the investigator) and 26 weeks after the injections. The primary endpoint of this study is to monitor the adverse events after injecting ArtiAid® Plus. The secondary endpoints of this study are demonstrating the clinical performance of ArtiAid® Plus, such as resting knee pain and satisfaction of treatment by using the visual analog scale (VAS). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) will be applied to the clinical data and T-test will be used to test for the differences between baseline and each visit. The paired student t-test was used to analyze variations in each group over a period of time. Statistical significance was established at p \< 0.05.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifaceted neurological condition characterized by challenges in timely diagnosis and personalized patient management. The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to MS holds promises for early detection, accurate diagnosis, and predictive modeling. The objectives of this study are: 1) to propose new MS trajectory descriptors that could be employed in Machine Learning (ML) regressors and classifiers to predict patient evolution; 2) to explore the contribution of ML models in discerning MS trajectory descriptors using only baseline Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies. This study involved 446 MS patients who had a baseline MRI, at least two measurements of Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), and a 1-year follow-up. Patients were divided into two groups: 1) for model development and 2) for evaluation. Three descriptors: β1, β2, and EDSS(t), were related to baseline MRI parameters using regression and classification XGBoost models. Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) analysis enhanced model transparency by identifying influential features. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of AI in predicting MS progression using the proposed patient trajectories and baseline MRI scans, outperforming classic Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) methods. In conclusion, MS trajectory descriptors are crucial; incorporating AI analysis into MRI assessments presents promising opportunities to advance predictive capabilities. SHAP analysis enhances model interpretation, revealing feature importance for clinical decisions.
Investigators aimed to explore the rehabilitation status of children with CP and anxiety of their caregivers during the covid19 pandemic. Caregivers of children with CP who were under follow up in the outpatient CP clinic were called up during pandemic period. 206 caregivers who voluntarily accepted to participate were administered the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and evaluated about the rehabilitation status of their children. Demographic data, associated problems of children, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) levels were recorded from their files. For the statistical analysis, IBM SPSS Statistics 22 (SPSS IBM, Turkey) programs were used. While evaluating the study data, the suitability of the parameters to the normal distribution was evaluated with the Shapiro Wilks test. Significance was evaluated at the p \<0.05 level.
Anastrozole was studied in two controlled clinical trials (0004, a North American study; 0005, a predominately European study) in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer who had disease progression following tamoxifen therapy for either advanced or early breast cancer. Some of the patients had also received previous cytotoxic treatment. Most patients were ER-positive; a smaller fraction were ER-unknown or ER-negative; the ER-negative patients were eligible only if they had had a positive response to tamoxifen. Eligible patients with measurable and non-measurable disease were randomized to receive either a single daily dose of 1 mg or 10 mg of anastrozole or megestrol acetate 40 mg four times a day. The studies were double-blinded with respect to anastrozole. Time to progression and objective response (only patients with measurable disease could be considered partial responders) rates were the primary efficacy variables. Objective response rates were calculated based on the Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) criteria. The rate of prolonged (more than 24 weeks) stable disease, the rate of progression, and survival were also calculated.

Both trials included over 375 patients; demographics and other baseline characteristics were similar for the three treatment groups in each trial. Patients in the 0005 trial had responded better to prior tamoxifen treatment. Of the patients entered who had prior tamoxifen therapy for advanced disease (58% in Trial 0004; 57% in Trial 0005), 18% of these patients in Trial 0004 and 42% in Trial 0005 were reported by the primary investigator to have responded. In Trial 0004, 81% of patients were ER-positive, 13% were ER-unknown, and 6% were ER-negative. In Trial 0005, 58% of patients were ER-positive, 37% were ER-unknown, and 5% were ER-negative. In Trial 0004, 62% of patients had measurable disease compared to 79% in Trial 0005. The sites of metastatic disease were similar among treatment groups for each trial. On average, 40% of the patients had soft tissue metastases; 60% had bone metastases; and 40% had visceral (15% liver) metastases.

Efficacy results from the two studies were similar as presented in Table 13. In both studies there were no significant differences between treatment arms with respect to any of the efficacy parameters listed in the table below.

When data from the two controlled trials are pooled, the objective response rates and median times to progression and death were similar for patients randomized to anastrozole 1 mg and megestrol acetate. There is, in this data, no indication that anastrozole 10 mg is superior to anastrozole 1 mg.
The invention relates to a composition for treating ischemic heart disease. The composition is prepared from the following raw materials in part by weight: 4 to 30 parts of heterophylly falsestarwort root, 1 to 12 parts of sanchi, 1 to 5 parts of long pepper, 4 to 9 parts of longstamen onion bulb and 0.1 to 0.3 part of borneol. The composition has exact curative effect of treating the ischemic heart disease. The invention also relates to a preparation method for the composition. The method comprises the following steps of: taking and evenly mixing the longstamen onion bulb and the long pepper; extracting essential oil until the essential oil is exhausted by a water vapor distillation method; filtering fluid for later use; crushing the sanchi, adding ethanol for reflux, recovering the ethanol under reduced pressure until the ethanol is exhausted, and concentrating for later use; crushing the heterophylly falsestarwort root, adding water to decoct, merging decoction, and filtering the decoction; adding the fluid after essential oil extraction and reflux concentrated liquor into filter liquor; concentrating the mixture into thick extractum; and adding the essential oil, the borneol and adjuvant to prepare a pharmaceutically acceptable preparation. The preparation method can ensure convenient use and controllable quality of the composition.
UNLABELLED: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major public health problem due to the high incidence affecting approximately one-third of the world's population. NAFLD is usually linked to obesity and excessive weight. A subset of patients with NAFLD expresses normal or low body mass index; thus, the condition is called non-obese NAFLD or lean NAFLD. However, patients and healthcare professionals have little awareness and understanding of NAFLD in non-obese individuals. Furthermore, preclinical results from non-obese animal models with NAFLD are unclear. Gut microbiota and their metabolites in non-obese/lean-NAFLD patients differ from those in obese NAFLD patients. Therefore, we analyzed the biochemical indices, intestinal flora, and intestinal metabolites in a non-obese NAFLD mouse model established using a methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet. The significantly lean MCD mice had a remarkable fatty liver with lower serum triglyceride and free fatty acid levels, as well as higher alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels than normal mice. 16S RNA sequencing of fecal DNA showed that the overall richness and diversity of the intestinal flora decreased in MCD mice, whereas the Firmicutes:Bacteroidota ratio was increased. g_Tuzzerella, s_Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, and s_Faecalibaculum rodentium were the predominant species in non-obese NAFLD mice. Fecal metabolomics using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed the potential biomarkers for the prognosis and diagnosis of non-obese NAFLD, including high levels of tyramine glucuronide, 9,12,13-TriHOME, and pantetheine 4'-phosphate, and low levels of 3-carbamoyl-2-phenylpropionaldehyde, N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate, 4-methyl-5-thiazoleethanol, homogentisic acid, and estriol. Our findings could be useful to identify and develop drugs to treat non-obese NAFLD and lean NAFLD.
IMPORTANCE: Patients and healthcare professionals have little awareness and understanding of NAFLD in non-obese individuals. In fact, about 40% of people with NAFLD worldwide are non-obese, and nearly one-fifth are lean. Lean NAFLD unfortunately may be unnoticed for years and remains undetected until hepatic damage is advanced and the prognosis is compromised. This study focused on the lean NAFLD, screened therapeutic agents, and biomarkers for the prognosis and diagnosis using MCD-induced male C57BL/6J mice. The metabolites tyramine glucuronide, 9,12,13-TriHOME, and pantetheine 4'-phosphate, together with the predominant flora including g_Tuzzerella, s_Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, and s_Faecalibaculum rodentium, were specific in non-obese NAFLD mice and might be used as targets for non-obese NAFLD drug exploration. This study is particularly significant for non-obese NAFLDs that need to be more actively noticed and vigilant.
Morphine changes neurotransmitter release, including norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin. Decynium‑22 (D22) inhibits an alternative neurotransmitter removal pathway, namely uptake‑2. Uptake‑2 includes plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT) and organic cation transporters that have a low affinity, but high capacity for uptake of various monoamines such as norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin. This study was done to assess the effect of uptake‑2 inhibition on morphine‑induced conditioned place preference (CPP) and analgesia. In this study, the effects of morphine and/or D22 on CPP were evaluated following intraperitoneal injection in mice. Afterward, changes in motor activity were evaluated by the open field test. Using the tail‑flick model, the effects of D22 and/or morphine were evaluated on the pain threshold. The results showed that 20 mg/kg of morphine induced a place preference response. D22, at the dose of 0.03 mg/kg, caused place avoidance, while at the dose of 0.3 mg/kg, it produced a notable place preference response. Co‑administration of D22 and morphine showed that morphine reversed the CPP aversion induced by D22 at the lowest dose. Motor activity did not alter. In the tail‑flick test, morphine, at the dose of 3 mg/kg but not 1 mg/kg, increased the pain threshold. D22 induced significant analgesic responses. Co‑administration of D22 and morphine caused considerable analgesic effects. The findings revealed that D22 induced both conditioned aversion and preference depending on the dose while morphine induced CPP. Both drugs produced analgesia.
Described herein are compositions comprising lactoferrin that may allow for the use of ingredients in a formulation that were previously unusable or that could not be combined together without encountering stability problems. Lactoferrin may also be included in order to eliminate the need for a capsule-in-capsule formulation or embodiment comprising lactoferrin and probiotics. As described herein, particular embodiments of the present disclosure may comprise an active ingredient. The active ingredient may include one or more of a probiotic formulation, a nutritional supplement, and a foodstuff. In particular embodiments, the active ingredient comprises a probiotic formulation, a nutritional supplement, and/or a foodstuff. In certain embodiments, the active ingredient is a high water active ingredient.
Little is known about the therapeutic outcomes of transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) in patients with lumbosacral radicular pain due to lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Using lumbar spine radiographs as input data, we trained a convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict therapeutic outcomes after lumbar TFESI in patients with lumbosacral radicular pain caused by LSS. We retrospectively recruited 193 patients for this study. The lumbar spine radiographs included anteroposterior, lateral, and bilateral (left and right) oblique views. We cut each lumbar spine radiograph image into a square shape that included the vertebra corresponding to the level at which the TFESI was performed and the vertebrae juxta below and above that level. Output data were divided into "favorable outcome" (≥ 50% reduction in the numeric rating scale [NRS] score at 2 months post-TFESI) and "poor outcome" (< 50% reduction in the NRS score at 2 months post-TFESI). Using these input and output data, we developed a CNN model for predicting TFESI outcomes. The area under the curve of our model was 0.920. Its accuracy was 87.2%. Our CNN model has an excellent capacity for predicting therapeutic outcomes after lumbar TFESI in patients with lumbosacral radicular pain induced by LSS.