anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The underlying pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory pain is greatly complex, but the relevant therapies are still unavailable. Development of effective candidates for chronic inflammatory pain is highly urgent. We previously identified that trifluoro-icaritin (ICTF) exhibited a significant therapeutic activity against complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced chronic inflammatory pain, however, the precise mechanisms remain elusive. Here, the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT), paw withdrawal latency (PWL), and CatWalk gait analysis were used to determine the pain-related behaviors. The expression and co-localization of pain-related signaling molecules were detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. Our results demonstrated that ICTF (3.0 mg/kg, i.p.) effectively attenuated mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia and improved motor dysfunction induced by CFA, and the molecular docking displayed that CB2 receptor may be the therapeutic target of ICTF. Furthermore, ICTF not only up-regulated the levels of CB2 receptor, IL-10, β-endorphin and CD206, but also reduced the expression of P2Y12 receptor, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β, CD11b, and iNOS in the spinal cord of CFA rats. Additionally, the immunofluorescence staining from the spinal cord showed that ICTF significantly increased the co-expression between the microglial marker Iba-1 and CB2 receptor, IL-10, β-endorphin, respectively, but markedly decreased the co-localization between Iba-1 and P2Y12 receptor. Conversely, intrathecal administration of CB2 receptor antagonist AM630 dramatically reversed the inhibitory effects of ICTF on CFA-induced chronic inflammatory pain, leading to a promotion of pain hypersensitivity, abnormal gait parameters, microglial activation, and up-regulation of P2Y12 receptor and NLRP3 inflammasome, as well as the inhibition of CB2 receptor and IL-10/β-endorphin cascade. Taken together, these findings highlighted that ICTF alleviated CFA-induced neuroinflammation by enhancing CB2 receptor-mediated IL-10/β-endorphin signaling and suppressing microglial activation in the spinal cord, and uncovered that CB2 receptor may be exploited as a novel and promising target for ICTF treatment of chronic inflammatory pain.
The Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has caused epidemics in parts of Asia and Africa, and it is endemic in China. HBV has infected approximately 2 billion people worldwide of which approximately 350 million people have developed chronic infections. The virus causes the disease hepatitis B and chronic infection is correlated with a strongly increased risk for the development cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. An effective and well-tolerated vaccine exists, but direct treatment options are currently limited to interferon and the following antivirals; tenofovir, lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir and telbivudine. Amongst the problems which HBV direct antivirals may encounter are toxicity, mutagenicity, lack of selectivity, poor efficacy, poor bioavailability and difficulty of synthesis. Thus, there is a need for additional HBV inhibitors that may overcome at least one of these disadvantages or that have additional advantages such as increased potency or an increased safety window. The present invention relates to inhibitors of HBV replication, pharmaceutical compositions containing these inhibitors and to their use, alone or in combination with other HBV inhibitors, in HBV therapy.
Thirty patients who had received MV for ≥ 48 hours and who met the criteria for weaning were assessed. Two different weaning methods were used and randomization was performed to choose one of the following sequences (baseline, PSV, rest, TT; or baseline, TT, rest, PSV). HRV was assessed by heart rate spectral analysis during MV, PSV, and TT. Each intervention lasted 30 minutes and there was a 30-minute rest period between the interventions. At the end of each period of time, the following cardiorespiratory variables were analyzed: respiratory rate (f), minute ventilation (VE), tidal volume (VT), rapid shallow breathing index (f/VT), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate (HR) and blood pressure. In the HRV, the total spectral power (TP), the low frequency (LF) and the high frequency (HF) components, and the ratio between the low/high frequency (LF/HF) components were calculated.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating a heart disease. Selected raw medicaments respectively comprise angelica sinensis, fried szechuan lovage rhizome, prepared rehmannia root, peach kernel, red flower, medicinal cyathula root, red paeony root, bitter orange, bupleurum falcatum, fried polygala tenuifolia, scorpio, barbary wolfberry fruit, dogwood, Chinese magnoliavine fruit, salvia miltiorrhiza bunge, astragalus mongholicus, cypress seed, cinnabar, platycodon grandiflorum, ophiopogon japonicus, cochinchnese asparagus root and liquorice. The preparation comprises a pill, a tablet, oral liquid preparation and capsule preparation prepared by applying the traditional preparation process or modern preparation process. The selected medicaments jointly take the effects of supplementing and invigorating blood, removing wind and stasis, stimulating menstrual flow, stopping spasm, clearing away heart fire, detoxifying, nourishing heart, calming the nerves and dissipating stagnation together. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation has obvious curative effect on the heart disease, coronary heart disease, angina and myocardial infarction caused by various reasons. The invention has the advantages of rapid action, obvious therapeutic effect, high tolerance, low cost and no any toxic or side effect.
BACKGROUND: Central nervous system involvement in chronic lymphocytic leukemia rarely occurs, and there is no standard therapy for central nervous system involvement in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. This article aims to analyze the diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system involvement in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
CASE PRESENTATION: It reports two cases of central nervous system involvement in chronic lymphocytic leukemia describing the clinical course, therapy, and prognosis. Case 1 is a 67-year-old Asian male patient, he experienced complications with central nervous system involvement after developing resistance to ibrutinib, bendamustine, and rituximab (BR) chemotherapies. The central nervous system lesion was controlled with high-dose methotrexate combined with pomalidomide, but Richter transformation occurred several months later. Case 2 is a 62-year-old Asian female patient, she had central nervous system involvement at initial diagnosis, and bone marrow and central nervous system lesions were controlled by ibrutinib therapy.
CONCLUSION: Central nervous system involvement in chronic lymphocytic leukemia is rare and can be diagnosed on the basis of clinical features, cerebrospinal fluid testing, and radiographic evaluation. Ibrutinib, pomalidomide, and other drugs that can cross the blood-brain barrier may be effective for treating central nervous system involvement in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
3D image reconstruction and printing Magnetic model images data were firstly produced by Siemens Trio Tim 3. 0 T MRI. The relative scanning parameters were adjusted as follows: layer thickness 0.9mm; pixel pitch 0.625 mm. In general, the thicker the layer thickness and pixel pitch, the better resolution and the more similar reconstructed model the investigators will get. The MRI data were then imported into Mimics 17.0® \[Materialise, Leuven, Belgium\] for 3D reconstruction of the targeted area. In this software, the investigators can adjust threshold value to acclimatize to segment tumor area. After that, 3D models were calculated and output as .stl files. According to the requirements of surgical planning, the scope of tumor resection was created after 2 cm expansion of the tumor area, that is, the filling scope of the implant. Next, the investigators designed the personalized porous degradable scaffold. In order to guarantee no significant differences and deformation of the implanted scaffold, the investigators used the contour of tumor resection as the boundary of the scaffold, with flexible porous structure as the units of the scaffold. Boolean operation can help to achieve this target. Finally, the printing of the personalized porous biodegradable scaffold was carried out. Biologically active material PCL was selected and the deformation and degradation time were set for 2 years by adjusting the molecular weight of PCL. Theoretically, PCL with the molecular weight above 65,000 can stably exist for 2 years in vivo, and then it will gradually degrade into H2O and CO2.The PCL material was put into the 3D printer, which was developed by the State key laboratory for mechanical manufacturing systems engineering of Xi'an Jiaotong university. The personalized porous biodegradable scaffold was completed after printing and removing supports.

Procedure In this study,the investigators produced the bio-implant at least 10 days before surgery. Before surgery, the printed bio-implant has been prepared and obtained full sterilization. Simply, under general anaesthesia, lumpectomy and sentinel-lymph-node biopsy was performed firstly, followed by 3D-printing scaffold transplantation.
This project will compare the use of ultrasound of the chest for the detection of fluid in the lungs in patients with pre-eclampsia vs pregnant patients without pre-eclampsia. Patients admitted to the obstetrical service will be recruited for study enrollment. We will divide our patients into two groups. In the study group, we will include patients with pre-eclampsia with or without shortness of breath, and in the control group, we will include otherwise healthy pregnant patients. We will exclude patients who are in labor or who are undergoing induction. Informed consent will be obtained from all patients enrolled in the study.

Study subjects will then undergo an ultrasound of the chest, performed by a member of the Emergency Medicine Ultrasound Division, who have experience in performing lung ultrasounds. Both hemithoraces will be divided into 4 zones: anterior inferior, anterior superior, lateral inferior, and lateral superior. Each zone will be assessed for the presence of B-lines. For a zone to be considered "positive" for pulmonary edema, there should to be a minimum of 3 B-lines. To diagnose a patient with pulmonary edema, at least two zones in both hemithoraces must be positive. The study investigator will document the presence of B-lines in each particular zone on the data collection sheet. Brief representative video clips will be recorded for each zone.

After completing the sonographic examination, the images will be transmitted wirelessly from the ultrasound machine to a secure web based cloud (Q-path) and will be subsequently interpreted by expert reviewers who will be blinded to any clinical information about the patient. They will also document their findings on a separate data collection sheet.
INTRODUCTION: Anticholinergic medications are known to cause adverse cognitive effects in community-dwelling older adults and medical inpatients, including dementia. The prevalence with which such medications are prescribed in older adults undergoing major surgery is not well described nor is their mediating relationship with delirium and dementia. We sought to determine the prevalence of high-risk medication use in major surgery patients and their relationship with the subsequent development of dementia.
METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study which used data between January 2013 and December 2019, in a large midwestern health system, including sixteen hospitals. All patients over age 50 undergoing surgery requiring an inpatient stay were included. The primary exposure was the number of doses of anticholinergic medications delivered during the hospital stay. The primary outcome was a new diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias at 1-y postsurgery. Regression methods and a mediation analysis were used to explore relationships between anticholinergic medication usage, delirium, and dementia.
RESULTS: There were 39,665 patients included, with a median age of 66. Most patients were exposed to anticholinergic medications (35,957/39,665; 91%), and 7588/39,665 (19.1%) patients received six or more doses during their hospital stay. Patients with at least six doses of these medications were more likely to be female, black, and with a lower American Society of Anesthesiologists class. Upon adjusted analysis, high doses of anticholinergic medications were associated with increased odds of dementia at 1 y relative to those with no exposure (odds ratio 2.7; 95% confidence interval 2.2-3.3). On mediation analysis, postoperative delirium mediated the effect of anticholinergic medications on dementia, explaining an estimated 57.6% of their association.
CONCLUSIONS: High doses of anticholinergic medications are common in major surgery patients and, in part via a mediating relationship with postoperative delirium, are associated with the development of dementia 1 y following surgery. Strategies to decrease the use of these medications and encourage the use of alternatives may improve long-term cognitive recovery.
Eleven percent of all men will develop prostate cancer (PC). In the US, 3 million men are living with the disease, 192,000 new cases are expected, and 33,000 men will die from the illness this year. PC is the second leading cause of cancer (CA) deaths in men worldwide, the diagnosis of PC relies on a combination of tests and procedures, including the digital rectal exam (DRE), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, and multiple tissue biopsies, each with escalating costs and risks. In 2018, the cost of PC care in the US was $15.3 billion dollars, of which $5.7 billion was spent on diagnosis and $8.3 billion on management. There is a critical need for an early, accurate, reliable and cancer specific diagnostic for PC. The technology as described herein relates to compositions and methods for diagnosing and staging of cancer in a subject.
The inhibition of coagulation factor XI (FXI) presents an attractive approach for anticoagulation as it is not expected to increase the risk of clinically relevant bleeding and is anticipated to be at least as effective as currently available anticoagulants. Fesomersen is a conjugated antisense oligonucleotide that selectively inhibits the expression of FXI. The article describes three clinical studies that investigated the safety, pharmacokinetic (PK), and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles of fesomersen after subcutaneous (s.c.) injection to healthy participants. The studies included participants from diverse ethnic backgrounds (Caucasian, Japanese, and Chinese). Fesomersen demonstrated good safety and tolerability in all three studies. No major bleeding events were observed. After single-dose s.c. injection, fesomersen was rapidly absorbed into the systemic circulation, with maximum fesomersen-equivalent (fesomersen-eq) concentrations (Cmax) in plasma observed within a few hours. After reaching Cmax, plasma fesomersen-eq concentrations declined in a biphasic fashion. The PD analyses showed that the injection of fesomersen led to dose-dependent reductions in FXI activity and increases in activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). The maximum observed PD effects were reached between Day 15 and 30, and FXI activity and aPTT returned to near-baseline levels by Day 90 after a single dose. The PK/PD profiles after a single injection were similar among the various ethnic groups. Collectively, the study results suggest that fesomersen has a favorable safety profile and predictable and similar PK and PD profiles across Chinese, Japanese, and Caucasian participants.
In adjuvant setting trastuzumab will be administered in the following treatment regimens: (a) trastuzumab following surgery, chemotherapy (neo-adjuvant or adjuvant) and radiotherapy (if applicable); (b) trastuzumab following adjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, in combination with paclitaxel or docetaxel; (c) trastuzumab in combination with adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of docetaxel and carboplatin. In neo-adjuvant setting, trastuzumab will be administered in combination with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by adjuvant trastuzumab, for locally advanced (including inflammatory) breast cancer or tumors greater than (\>) 2 centimeters (cm) in diameter.
All subjects received a standardised epidural solution containing 0.2% ropivacaine and 0.4（male）/0.3（famale）μg/ml sufentanil. The PIEB group is programmed for intermittent infusion with （0.1\*kg）ml pumped every two hours. The lockout time for both groups is 60 min.
EA will be performed in the sitting or lateral position under sterile conditions. Epidural puncture will be performed at the L2-L4 level and an epidural catheter will be inserted into the epidural space. 10 ml of 2% xylocaine without epinephrine will be injected through the catheter and the dose will be titrated (up to 20 mL) to achieve complete sensory block up to T12 dermatoma measured with a level to ice.
PURPOSE:To enhance the ageing stability of the title gel composition by mixing a cationic surfactant having propylene oxide and ethylene oxide, an org. modified clay mineral, solvent, etc., to produce the composition. CONSTITUTION:One or more kinds of cationic surfactants having propylene oxide (PO) and/or ethylene oxide (EO), an org. modified clay mineral, and solvent are mixed to prepare a gel composition. Power and an anionic surfactant can be further added to the composition to obtain a gel composition. From 0.01 to 40wt.% of the cationic surfactant having PO and EO is appropriately incorporated into the gel composition. Montmorillonite, saponite, etc., are exemplified as the clay mineral in the org. modified clay mineral, and 1-20wt.% of the org. modified clay mineral is appropriately incorporated into the gel composition.
In the fixed standardized arm participants will be asked to complete the study modules of the intervention (CBT intervention itself) in a fixed standardized order from module 1 to module 10. Participants will only be able to start the following module once they complete the previous one. At the beginning and at the end of each module it is emphasized what participants will do in the following module.
PCT No. PCT/FR92/00623 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 3, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 3, 1994 PCT Filed Jul. 2, 1992 PCT Pub. No. WO93/00940 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 21, 1993An apparatus for incorporating one or more biologically active substances into red blood corpuscles (erythrocytes) by lysis and resealing technique comprises a washing unit, a lysis unit and a resealing unit. The washing unit obtains a suspension of erythrocytes from complete or incomplete blood. The lysis unit cools the erythrocyte suspension to a temperature below 10 DEG  C. and maintains this temperature while the suspension is processed through a dialysis unit and subsequently exposed to the active substance. The treated erythrocyte suspension is held in a retardation pouch for a predetermined time and thereafter fed to the resealing unit, which heats the treated suspension to a temperature higher than 20 DEG  C. and maintains this temperature while the treated suspension is exposed to the resealing product. The suspension exposed to the resealing product is collected in a collecting pouch for a predetermine period before it is discharged to the washing unit.
Patients with anterior uveitis are typically treated aggressively with every 1-2 hour (while the patient is awake) potent topical steroid agents, during initial stage of inflammation, and evaluated at frequent intervals, with a schedule of steroid tapering dictated by clinical response. The most common topical corticosteroid prescribed for the treatment of anterior uveitis are prednisolone acetate 1%, dexamethasone 0.1%, prednisolone sodium phosphate 1% and Difluprednate 0.05%. However, topical treatments are limited by the potential for patient non-adherence and variation in drug concentrations due to the intermittent or suspension of use nature of application. A corticosteroid insert placed in the inferior and superior canaliculi provides the advantages of reliable and continuous drug delivery for 24 hours a day for 30 days without the need for patients to adhere to a treatment regimen. Dextenza is a sustained-release dexamethasone intracanalicular insert recently approved by the FDA for pain and inflammation post ophthalmic surgery. Dextenza was shown to decrease inflammation and pain compared with placebo following cataract surgery in a multicenter randomized clinical trial.
Fibronectin type III domain containing 4 (FNDC4) is highly homologous with FNDC5, which possesses various cardiometabolic protective functions. Emerging evidence suggests a noteworthy involvement of FNDC4 in fat metabolism and inflammatory processes. This study aimed to characterize the role of FNDC4 in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury and decrypt its underlying mechanisms. MI/R models of mice were established to investigate the alteration of FNDC4 in plasma and myocardium. We observed that plasma FNDC4 in MI/R-injury mice and patients experiencing acute myocardial infarction were both significantly reduced as opposed to their respective controls. Likewise, FNDC4 expression of myocardium decreased markedly in MI/R mice compared to the sham-operated group. Mice of FNDC4 knockout and myocardial overexpression were further introduced to elucidate the role of FNDC4 in MI/R injury by detecting cardiomyocyte apoptosis, myocardial infarct size, and cardiac function. Ablation of FNDC4 exacerbated cardiac dysfunction, increased myocardial infarction area and cardiomyocyte apoptosis when matched with wild-type mice post-MI/R. In contrast, FNDC4 overexpression through intramyocardial injection of rAAV9-Fndc4 significantly ameliorated cardiac function, reduced myocardial infarction area and cardiomyocyte apoptosis compared to sham group. Additionally, hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) was used to induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and to further elucidate the direct effects of FNDC4 on cardiomyocytes in vitro, and the results demonstrated that neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes overexpressing FNDC4 showed less H/R-induced apoptosis, as evidenced by cleaved caspase 3 expression, TUNEL staining and flow cytometry. By performing RNA-seq analysis followed by cause-effect analysis, ERK1/2-Nrf2 pathway-mediated antioxidative effects were responsible for the protective roles of FNDC4 on cardiomyocytes. In summary, FNDC4 exerts cardioprotection against MI/R injury predominantly through mitigating oxidative stress responses and reducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis. These insights solidify the proposition of FNDC4 as a potential therapeutic aim for tackling MI/R damage.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily and inexpensively provide a multinuclear seamless capsule which independently encloses a plurality of nuclei and excels in appearance and mouthfeel.  <P>SOLUTION: The multinuclear seamless capsule SC is a seamless capsule which encloses a core fluid 1 within an outer film 9. The core fluid 1 is a capsule dispersion containing a number of nuclear capsules 31 each formed of a fine seamless capsule. The capsule dispersion uses edible fats and oils such as soybean oil as a dispersion medium and in it, a number of the nuclear capsules 31 each enclosing a drug, a perfume and the like with the outer film of gelatin are dispersed. Within the nuclear capsules 31, a substance having a different component or the like is enclosed and a plurality of different types of substances mixedly exist in one and the same capsule without integration. When the nuclear capsules 31 are multicolored, the external appearance of the capsule also changes in various ways.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT