anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Read the Patient Information Leaflet if available from your pharmacist before you start taking metformin and each time you get a refill. If you have any questions, consult your doctor or pharmacist. Take this medication by mouth as directed by your doctor, usually once daily with the evening meal. Drink plenty of fluids while taking this medication unless otherwise directed by your doctor. Do not crush or chew this medication. Doing so can release all of the drug at once, increasing the risk of side effects. Also, do not split the tablets unless they have a score line and your doctor or pharmacist tells you to do so. Swallow the whole or split tablet without crushing or chewing. The dosage is based on your medical condition, kidney function, and response to treatment. Your doctor may direct you to take a low dose of this medication at first, gradually increasing your dose to lower the chance of side effects such as upset stomach. Your doctor will adjust your dose based on your blood sugar levels to find the best dose for you. Follow your doctor's directions carefully. Take this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from it. Remember to use it at the same time each day. If you are already taking another anti-diabetic drug (such as chlorpropamide), follow your doctor's directions carefully for stopping/continuing the old drug and starting metformin. Check your blood sugar regularly as directed by your doctor. Keep track of the results, and share them with your doctor. Tell your doctor if your blood sugar measurements are too high or too low. Your dosage/treatment may need to be changed.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplant candidates are randomized to vitamin D supplementation or usual care. Five milligrams (200,000 IU) of cholecalciferol is injected to intervention group before stem cell transplantation. Additional supplementation of cholecalciferol during follow-up period is determined according to the level of 25(OH)D3. The primary outcome is the incidence of chronic GVHD which is determined according to IBMTR criteria. The secondary outcome consists of the incidence of acute GVHD, incidence and severity of vitamin D deficiency, and serum concentration of 25(OH)D3. Study investigators expect that supplementation of vitamin D may improve the outcome of stem cell transplantation by reducing the incidence of chronic GVHD.
Treprostinil (Remodulin®) is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved prostacyclin analog to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension. Recently, treprostinil has been investigated to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) during transplantation, which currently has no approved treatment. A validated analytical method is necessary to measure treprostinil concentrations in biological specimens. Here, a novel, sensitive, and specific method to measure treprostinil concentrations in rat serum, human serum, and human plasma has been developed using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Biological samples were processed by protein precipitation before chromatography and 6-keto Prostaglandin F1α-d4 was used as an internal standard. A gradient method was established with a total run time of 4 min. The assay was linear over the range of 0.25-75.0 ng/ml with accuracy (92.97-107.87 %), intra-assay precision (1.16-3.34 %), and inter-assay precision (1.11-4.58 %) in all biological matrices, which are within FDA acceptance criteria. No significant variation in treprostinil or 6-keto Prostaglandin F1α-d4 concentrations were observed under the investigated storage conditions. This novel, sensitive, and specific LC/MS-MS method is cost-effective and suitable for measuring treprostinil concentrations in animal studies and human biological samples for clinical applications.
There have been reports of fatalities after initiating therapy with somatropin in pediatric patients with PWS who had one or more of the following risk factors: severe obesity, history of upper airway obstruction or sleep apnea, or unidentified respiratory infection. Male patients with one or more of these factors may be at greater risk than females. Patients with PWS syndrome should be evaluated for signs of upper airway obstruction and sleep apnea before initiation of treatment with somatropin. If during treatment with somatropin, patients show signs of upper airway obstruction (including onset of or increased snoring) and/or new onset sleep apnea, treatment should be interrupted. All patients with PWS treated with somatropin should also have effective weight control and be monitored for signs of respiratory infection, which should be diagnosed as early as possible and treated aggressively [see Contraindications (4)]. Nutropin AQ is not indicated for the treatment of pediatric patients who have growth failure due to genetically confirmed PWS.
Interleukin (IL)- 33, a nuclear factor and pleiotropic cytokine of the IL-1 family, is gaining attention owing to its important role in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This review extends our knowledge of the effects exerted by IL-33 on target cells by binding to its specific receptor serum stimulation-2 (ST2). Depending on the tissue context, IL-33 performs multiple functions encompassing host defence, immune response, initiation and amplification of inflammation, tissue repair, and homeostasis. The levels and activity of IL-33 in the body are controlled by complex IL-33-targeting regulatory pathways. The unique temporal and spatial expression patterns of IL-33 are associated with host homeostasis and the development of immune and inflammatory disorders. Therefore, understanding the origin, function, and processes of IL-33 under various conditions is crucial. This review summarises the regulatory mechanisms underlying the IL-33/ST2 signalling axis and its potential role and clinical significance in immune and inflammatory diseases, and discusses the current complex and conflicting findings related to IL-33 in host responses.
Olmesartan medoxomil 

Limited data are available related to overdosage of olmesartan medoxomil in humans. The most likely manifestations of overdosage would be hypotension and tachycardia; bradycardia could be encountered if parasympathetic (vagal) stimulation occurs. If symptomatic hypotension should occur, supportive treatment should be initiated. The dialyzability of olmesartan is unknown.

No lethality was observed in acute toxicity studies in mice and rats given single oral doses up to 2000 mg/kg olmesartan medoxomil. The minimum lethal oral dose of olmesartan medoxomil in dogs was greater than 1500 mg/kg.

Hydrochlorothiazide

The most common signs and symptoms of hydrochlorothiazide overdose observed in humans are those caused by electrolyte depletion (hypokalemia, hypochloremia, hyponatremia) and dehydration resulting from excessive diuresis. If digitalis has also been administered, hypokalemia may accentuate cardiac arrhythmias. The degree to which hydrochlorothiazide is removed by hemodialysis has not been established. The oral LD 50 of hydrochlorothiazide is greater than 10 g/kg in both mice and rats.
Primary liver cancer (PLC) is highly malignant and is particularly prevalent in China. Multiple factors are involved in the development and progression of PLC. Several large-scale, prospective cohort studies have been established to identify environmental and genetic risk factors for the development of PLC in the general population. However, few cohort studies have focused on determining risk factors beyond clinical prognostic factors for the progression of PLC in patients with PLC. Therefore, we will conduct a prospective cohort study to examine the role of environmental, clinical, and genetic risk factors in the progression and prognosis of PLC. We plan to recruit 5000 patients with newly diagnosed, previously untreated PLC. A baseline survey will be conducted at the time of initial admission, with follow-up at 3 and 6 months after discharge for all patients and thereafter every 3 months for patients treated with interventional therapy and every 6 months for patients receiving surgery and other therapies. We will collect information on patients' demographics characteristics, clinical diagnosis and treatment, lifestyle, nutritional status, psychological and mental status, quality of life, anthropometric data, body composition, routine laboratory tests and examinations, and disease progression through structured questionnaires, physical examinations, and medical record reviews. Deaths will be ascertained through medical records, death certificates, and next-of-kin. Additionally, we will collect blood, urine, stool, and liver tissue samples.
Central Cranial Diabetes Insipidus:  Desmopressin nasal spray solution 0.01% has been used in children with diabetes insipidus. Use in infants and children will require careful fluid intake restriction to prevent possible hyponatremia and water intoxication. (See WARNINGS.) The dose must be individually adjusted to the patient with attention in the very young to the danger of an extreme decrease in plasma osmolality with resulting convulsions. Dose should start at 0.05 mL or less.  
  
Since the spray cannot deliver less than 0.1 mL (10 mcg), smaller doses should be administered using the rhinal tube delivery system. Do not use the nasal spray in pediatric patients requiring less than 0.1 mL (10 mcg) per dose.
121 obese or overweight patients were enrolled in the study and 23 patients were dropped out (43 male, 55 female, aged≥18 years, BMI≥24 kg/m2) from the outpatient clinic of endocrinology and metabolism department of Southern Medical University Affiliated ZhuJiang Hospital. All the subjects were randomly assigned to experiment group and control group. The experimental group was given individual instructions on how to follow the VLCD (very low carbohydrate diet). Energy intake was restricted to less than 800kcal/day (3349kJ/d) (carbohydrate intake \< 20g/d). All daily meals were replaced as follows: a cup of soybean milk (200 mL) and a boiled egg at breakfast; a diet nutrition bar (106 Kcal: 2.8 g carbohydrate, 11.2 g protein and 5.6 g fat; Nutriease Health Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China), nonstarchy vegetables (\<200 kcal), and 50 g protein from meat (i.e., beef, lean pork, skinned chicken, fish) at lunch and dinner. Supplementation of multivitamins and minerals was provided per day. The energy-restricted diet (ER diet) was designed in the traditional Chinese style with an initial target for a total energy intake of 1200 kcal/d (5021 kJ/d). Subjects were also encouraged to drink at least 1.8 litres of water per day, and asked to maintain their habitual level of physical activity. Compliance with the diet and physical activity level was checked at weekly visits.
Provided is an aerosol spray hairstyling product that can easily be styled, has superior styling power to shape the hair and superior restylability, and has superior spray stability.　The aerosol spray hairstyling product according to the present invention comprises an aerosol spray container, a hairstyling product composition, and a propellant including liquefied petroleum gas. The hairstyling product composition can be sprayed in mist form. The hairstyling product composition: contains a component A including at least one component A1 from among polyoxyethylene-hardened castor oil (component A1) and a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether (component A2), ethanol (component B), and water (component C); does not contain or contains no more than 0.1% by mass of a coating-forming polymer; and does not contain or contains no more than 0.1% by mass of a thickener. The included amount of component A1 is 50.0% by mass or more out of 100% by mass of component A. The included amounts of components A, B, and C are 10.0–48.0% by mass, 30.0–85.0% by mass, and 5.0–25.0% by mass out of 100% by mass of the hairstyling product composition.
Patients receive alpelisib PO QD on days 1-21, and nab-paclitaxel IV over 30 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15. Treatment repeats every 21 days for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients may then undergo surgery to remove the tumor.
Effective and secure suture is integral in spinal surgery, creating a strong barrier for tissue repair and a seal which prevents infection of the surgical site. The goal of any suture is to close the wound while minimizing risks of complications such as wound dehiscence and surgical site infection . A new type of suture, barbed suture, uses integrated barbs to secure the suture to the tissue without requiring knots for fixation. The result is a suture that evenly distributes tension along the length of the incision, while requiring less time to close . Additionally, STRATAFIX sutures offer a "Plus" antibacterial option for their knotless sutures, which further increases the safety and efficacy of this product.

Barbed suture technologies have been utilized in a variety of specialties, but neurosurgery remains unstudied in this respect. The primary aim of this study is to assess the time to closure using STRATAFIX technology. Decreased time to closure directly translates into decreased operating room time, and thus increased savings, especially for high-volume institutions. The secondary aim of this study is to determine the risk for surgical complications using STRATAFIX. Previous studies in other specialties have shown no significant difference in rate of adverse consequences when utilizing barbed sutures. To assess this aim, patients will be evaluated for wound dehiscence, SSI, deep infection, and 30-day rate of readmission for wound infection.
The vehicle gel will be applied in appropriate amount evenly and gently in a thin-layer of gel by finger, not to exceed 0.2 g per administration (approximately 2 cm gel squeezed in length). Each dose of study drug is applied on the target lesion(s) and covered with an occlusive dressing for the entire day.
PURPOSE: A composition for preventing and treating thrombosis containing ginsenoside isolated from processed ginseng extract is provided to ensure blood platelet aggregation without side effects and cytotoxicity. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating thrombosis contains processed ginseng extract or ginsenoside compound isolated from the extract as an active ingredient. The processed ginseng extract is obtained by heating ginseng at 70-150°C for 2 to 6 hours. The ginsenoside compound is ginsenoside Rk1, ginsenoside Rg5, 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 or 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3. Thrombosis is artery scleroma, embolus, ischemic heart disease, stroke, angina, the cerebral infarction, immunocompromised host, blood tumor, atherothrombosis, cirrhosis of the kidney or myocardial infarction. A functional health food is powder, granule tablet, capsule, syrup, or beverage.
Extracts of leaves, barks and flowers of various endemic Greek varieties of the plant ôOlea europeaö in series of polar and non polar solvents with immune reinforcing, anti-coagulating anti-platelets derived, anti-lipidemic, anti-ageing, anti-cancerogenic, neuro-protective, anti-cancer, X-ray protective, anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory, skin-protective, cerebral-protective and anti-oxidising properties as well as protection from the oxidation of lipoproteinsö The object of the patent is the extracts of leaves, barks and flowers of various endemic Greek varieties of the plant ôOlea europeaö. The extraction has been made on polar and on non polar solvents. After the extraction, complete removal of the solvents has been performed and removal of their humidity (drying). The various extracts have been weighed up, solved in suitable solutions and biological test thereof has been made in the following models: 1st) In cancer cells of various series, 2nd) In cancer suffering rats, 3d) In rats where arthritis has been caused, 4th) In accumulated human haemoblasts, 5th) In rats where thermal burn has been caused, 6th) In lethal human lymphocytes against cancer cells 7th) In rats where chemical carcinogenicity has been caused through administration 3,4-benzopyrene and 8th) In rats throughout their life through their food. From the data that have been drawn from the above experiments the following arise: The extracts of the plant ôOlea europeaö present immune reinforcing, anti-coagulating, anti-platelets derived, anti-lipidemic, anti-ageing, anti-cancerogenic, neuro-protective, anti-cancer, X-ray protective, antirheumatic, anti-inflammatory, cerebral-protective and anti-oxidising properties as well as protection from the oxidation of lipoproteins. In addition, the extracts present skin-protective properties against thermal burn, whereas on the other hand they seem to extend the average anticipated life of the test animals that received them throughout their life through their food. Finally, the extracts of ôOlea europeaö protected significantly the test animals from the carcinogenic action of 3, 4-benzopyrene.
PURPOSE: Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) management is complex, and several conservative and minimally invasive protocols have been proposed. Intra-articular injections of medications directed at OA have been performed, but in some cases, these medications do not directly contact the tissue lesion sites. Here, we propose a new real-time ultrasound-guided technique to inject medications directly into the subchondral bone.
METHODS: Ultrasound image screening was carried out with the point-of-care Clarius L15 device. Then, with the patient's mouth closed, a stainless-steel cannula with a concentric trocar was US-guided using an in-plane approach until the perforating tip of the internal trocar touched the lateral pole of the mandibular condyle. Then, the trocar was inserted through the medullary bone, where a posterior injection was made.
RESULTS: The technique's precision was confirmed by capturing an iodine contrast solution that imaged the medullary condyle of fresh anatomical specimens processed by computed tomography.
CONCLUSION: The proposed technique was effective in accessing the mandibular condyle subchondral bone in the inferior TMJ space for the simultaneously intra-articular (IA) and intra-osseous (IO) in-plane US-guided injections. Thus, its implementation may represent an important advance in early TMJ-OA treatment. This may be a promising approach, especially in OA cases in which the cortical bone is still preserved.
Patients with conventional closure of the middle laparotomy with approach of aponeurosis in a plane by continuous suture with monofilament of slow absorption. In this study, the suture used in all patients will be poly-4-hydroxybutyrate or Mono-max loop®.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of chronic degenerative joint disease, as well as the main cause of pain and disability in older persons worldwide. The limited results of the medical and physical therapy approach in the OA treatment make patients with such disorder into possible candidates for complementary and alternative therapies (CAT) aiming to obtain a relieve in their symptoms. Given the importance of providing alternative scientific evidence-based, painless and low cost treatments, it is necessary to carry out studies in order to investigate the impact of CAT in culturally accepted contexts, such as laying on of hands with spiritual or non-spiritual contexts. The present study aims to investigate the effect of Laying on of Hands on the Pain, Joint Stiffness and Functional Capacity of Elderly Women With Knee Osteoarthritis. This is a randomized controlled trial with three allocation groups: spiritual laying on of hands ("passe espiríta" - Spiritist passe/spiritual healing) (SP), non-spiritual laying on of hands (LH) and Control Group without laying on of hands (CG). All subjects will participate in a 45-minute kinesiotherapy program. After that, groups will be directed to the 5-minute session of laying on of hands according to their groups. During the application of SP, LH and CG, the subjects will remain in a sitting position, blindfolded with dark goggles, and receive the following verbal command: "Relax and calm your mind." The intervention will happen twice a week for eight weeks and a blinded physical therapist will assess the pre and post scores of pain, functionality, joint stiffness (through WOMAC and visual analogic scale), anxiety and depression (HADS), religiosity (DUREL) and spirituality (FACIT Sp12) and quality of life (WHOQOL-Bref), among other secondary outcomes.
Non-reusable, medicament-dispensing applicator electrodes (10) adapted for use with an iontophoresis device or an ionosonic device for facilitating delivery of medication across the cutaneous membrane into adjacent underlying tissues, and blood vessels. The embodiments of the iontophoresis electrode include an open mesh (12) having cells (12a) in the medicament dispensing portions (11) of the electrode which retain a medicament in the form of liquid, gel or ointment. The cells are adapted to contain, to iontophoretically dispense, and deliver medicament. The medicament-dispensing electrodes (70) are composite or unitary in construction and may be useful in the treatment of acne, and also genital herpes simplex infection. The delivery electrode (71), when used in accordance with the medicated electrode, and method described herein, demonstrated > 90 % treatment efficacy in clinical trials for the treatment of genital herpes. The applicator electrode may also be used with an ionosonic handpiece (40).
Patients receive carmustine IV over 1 hour on days 1-3, oral etoposide on days 1-21 and 29-49, and cisplatin IV over 1-2 hours on days 1-3 and 29-31. Treatment repeats every 8 weeks for 3 courses. Patients receive radiotherapy concurrently with the third course of chemotherapy. Quality of life is assessed every 4 months for 1 year, every 6 months for 4 years, and then annually for 5 years. Patients are followed every 3 months for 5 years and then annually thereafter.