anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: The benefit of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) in elderly patients has been questioned. In the present study, we aimed to analyse the outcome of patients of different age groups with ICD implantation.
METHODS: We included all patients who received an ICD in our hospital from 2011 to 2020. Primary endpoints were (1) death from any cause and (2) appropriate ICD therapy (antitachycardia pacing/shock). A "benefit of ICD implantation" was defined as appropriate ICD therapy before death from any cause/or survival. "No benefit of ICD implantation" was defined as death from any cause without prior appropriate ICD therapy.
RESULTS: A total of 422 patients received an ICD (primary prophylaxis n = 323, secondary prophylaxis n = 99). At the time of implantation, 35 patients (8%) were >80 years and 106 patients were >75 years (25%). During the study period of 4.2 ± 3 years, benefit of ICD occurred in 89 patients (21%) and no benefit in 84 patients (20%). In primary prevention, the proportion of patients who had a benefit from ICD implantation decreased with increasing age, and there were no patients who benefited from ICD therapy in the group of patients >80 years. In secondary prophylaxis, the proportion of patients with a benefit from ICD implantation ranged from 20% to 30% in all age groups.
CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that the indication of primary prophylactic ICD in elderly and very old patients should be critically assessed. On the other hand, no patient should be denied secondary prophylactic ICD implantation because of age.
BACKGROUND: Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory disease that significantly impacts the quality of life. Genetic factors, particularly single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), play a crucial role in asthma susceptibility. This study investigates the genetic determinants associated with asthma in the Kazakh population, focusing on SNPs within the ACTN3 and TSBP1 genes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case-control study was conducted involving 600 participants, with 300 diagnosed with asthma and 300 healthy controls. Participants were recruited from 17 regions across Kazakhstan. Genomic DNA was extracted, and 120 SNPs were selected for analysis. Genotyping was performed using the QuantStudio 12K Flex Real-Time PCR System. Statistical analyses included the Mann-Whitney U test, χ2 tests, and calculation of odds ratios (OR) to evaluate the association between SNPs and asthma.
RESULTS: Significant associations were found between asthma and two SNPs: rs540874 in the ACTN3 gene and rs3132954 in the TSBP1 gene. The G allele of rs540874 (MAF 0.71 in cases vs. 0.30 in controls, p-value = 4.78×10^-14) and the G allele of rs3132954 (MAF 0.54 in cases vs. 0.10 in controls, p-value = 1.33×10^-12) were associated with increased asthma susceptibility. The findings suggest a potential protective role of the A/A genotype in asthma.
CONCLUSION: This study identifies significant genetic markers associated with asthma in the Kazakh population, highlighting the complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors in the disease's pathogenesis. The results contribute to the understanding of asthma's genetic underpinnings and may inform the development of personalized medical interventions tailored to genetic profiles, advancing the field of precision medicine for asthma management.
In taste disorders, the key to a correct diagnosis and an adequate treatment is an objective assessment. Compared to psychophysical tests, EEG-derived gustatory event-related potentials (gERP) could be used as a less biased measure. However, the responses identified using conventional time-domain averaging show a low signal-to-noise ratio. This study included 44 patients with dysgeusia and 59 healthy participants, who underwent a comprehensive clinical examination of gustatory function. gERPs were recorded in response to stimulation with two concentrations of salty solutions, which were applied with a high precision gustometer. Group differences were examined using gERP analyzed in the canonical time domain and with Time-Frequency Analyses (TFA). Dysgeusic patients showed significantly lower scores for gustatory chemical and electrical stimuli. gERPs failed to show significant differences in amplitudes or latencies between groups. However, TFA showed that gustatory activations were characterized by a stronger power in controls than in patients in the low frequencies (0.1-4 Hz), and a higher desynchronization in the alpha-band (8-12 Hz). Hence, gERPs reflect the altered taste sensation in patients with dysgeusia. TFA appears to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio commonly present when using conventional time-domain averaging, and might be of assistance for the diagnosis of dysgeusia.
An external patch capable of stable prolonged release and transdermal absorption of active ingredient hormones (estrogens and/or progestogens) contained in a pressure sensitive adhesive layer, which external patch ensures low irritation on the skin. In particular, an external patch comprising a support and, superimposed thereon, a pressure sensitive adhesive layer, characterized in that the pressure sensitive adhesive layer comprises, as indispensable components, 5 to 50 wt. % of styrene/isoprene/styrene block copolymer, 20 to 70 wt. % of tackifier resin, 10 to 60 wt. % of softener and 1 to 20 wt. % of polyvinylpyrrolidone and contains, as an active ingredient, estrogen and/or progestogen.
Urodynamic studies routinely involve instillation of iohexol (OmnipaqueTM), a low osmolality contrast agent, into the bladder followed by fluoroscopic imaging to assess for reflux or variant anatomy of the genitourinary system. Recently, sulfur hexafluoride lipid-type A microspheres (LumasonTM), an ultrasound contrast agent, has been approved in the United States for intravesicular administration in the pediatric population. Contrast enhanced voiding urosonography (CEvUS) is being increasingly utilized in the place of voiding cystourethrograms, with the major advantages being decreased (zero) radiation for the patient, as well as decreased cost. Given the similarity in procedure between urodynamic studies (UDS) and voiding cystourethrograms, the investigators hypothesize that a urodynamic study may be performed with contrast enhanced ultrasound instead of fluoroscopy. The investigators plan to conduct a small feasibility study by recruiting a group of 30 patients under the age of 18, who are willing to undergo their normally scheduled UDS in addition to CEvUS. The UDS typically consists of two cycles of bladder filling and voiding; the investigators intend to replace the use of fluoroscopy and iohexol with ultrasound and sulfur hexafluoride lipid-type A microspheres. This will decrease the time commitment and eliminate radiation exposure for the patient. There will not be a formal analysis of data as the investigators are planning to test the feasibility of the procedure rather than gather any quantitative data. The goal of the study is to eventually implement CEvUS instead of fluoroscopy in all urodynamic and voiding studies if it is found to be a reasonable alternative. This will decrease pediatric radiation exposure, which will be especially important in the patients undergoing several studies each year.
Stroke is one of the important diseases that disproportionately affects African-Americans. African-American men and women are about 2 times more likely than whites to die of cerebrovascular disease or experience stroke. Scientific information about the efficacy and safety of stroke preventatives in this group is much needed, yet African-Americans and other minorities have been underrepresented in biomedical research studies. Preliminary data collected from nonwhite, predominantly African-American patients, suggest that ticlopidine is more effective than aspirin in the secondary prevention of stroke and death for these patients and that the risk of serious adverse events is lower. This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of ticlopidine hydrochloride (500mg/day) and aspirin (650mg/day) in African-American patients with recent non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke. The primary purpose of the study is to compare the efficacy of ticlopidine and aspirin in the prevention of the outcome endpoints recurrent stroke, vascular death, and myocardial infarction in these African-American patients. Adverse experiences will be studied to further our understanding of the safety of these medications in this group. The study is being conducted at 50 sites experienced in the diagnosis and treatment of stroke. 1800 patients are being enrolled over 3-5 years, and each will be in the study for at least 2 years. Patients will be randomly assigned to treatment at least 7 days, but no more than 90 days after cerebral infarction. The trial promises to provide much needed information about secondary stroke prevention in African-Americans and has the support of established African-American physician, church-based, and community organizations. Enrollment of a substantial number of African-American women is anticipated. Data from these patients will significantly add to our understanding of cerebrovascular disease among black women. Furthermore, the study could also serve as an organizational framework for future studies of stroke prevention or hyperacute treatment in the African-American population.
Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin-2 (LECT2), originally identified as a novel neutrophil chemokine, is a multifunctional secreted factor primarily produced in hepatocytes. However, many studies have shown that LECT2 is a pleiotropic protein that not only exerts chemotaxis properties as a cytokine but also plays an important role in inflammatory regulation and immune regulation. Pathogens such as bacteria and the role of the host immune system are key factors in the inflammatory response. In antibacterial, LECT2 can directly destroy bacterial structure or affect the normal metabolism of bacteria to inactivate bacteria and can also achieve this effect by activating immune cells and regulating cytokines. In immunomodulation, LECT2 has neutrophil chemotactic activity and regulates the quantities of Natural killer T (NKT) cells, regulatory T cells, monocytes/macrophages, granulocytes, and/or the expression of associated cytokines, thereby influencing their effect in immune reaction. Inflammation and immune regulation are closely related to a variety of diseases, such as bacterial infection, liver cirrhosis, dermatitis, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, and so on. This review summarizes the basic and clinical studies of LECT2 in antibacterial effects and its effects on immune cells to explore the mechanism of LECT in inflammatory regulation and immune regulation in physiological and pathological conditions better.
The Active Arcade program will be practiced 2 days a week for 8 weeks. Individuals in this group will be given a 1-minute rest break between games. Sessions will be approximately 30 minutes. The selected games focus on balance, coordination and weight transfer.
Magnesium Sulfate in Water for Injection is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate in water for injection. May contain sulfuric acid and/or sodium hydroxide for pH adjustment. The pH is 4.5 (3.5 to 6.5). It is available in 4% and 8% concentrations. See HOW SUPPLIED section for the content and characteristics of available dosage forms and fill volumes. Magnesium Sulfate, USP heptahydrate is chemically designated MgSO4 • 7H2O, colorless crystals or white powder freely soluble in water.

Water for Injection, USP is chemically designated H2O.

Not made with natural rubber latex, DEHP or PVC.

The plastic container is a copolymer of ethylene and propylene formulated and developed for parenteral drugs. The copolymer contains no plasticizers. The safety of the plastic container has been confirmed by biological evaluation procedures. The material passes Class Vl testing as specified in the U.S. Pharmacopeia for Biological Tests — Plastic Containers.

The container/solution unit is a closed system and is not dependent upon entry of external air during administration. The container has two ports, one is for the intravenous administration set covered by a tamperproof barrier and the other is a blocked port. Refer to the DIRECTIONS FOR USE of the container to properly identify the ports.

No vapor barrier is necessary.
The researchers hypothesize that 129Xe MRI/MRS biomarker signatures of pulmonary vascular remodeling will predict short- and long-term response and efficacy to PAH patients who are receiving sotatercept as clinical standard-of-care. At baseline (prior to the treatment with sotatercept), 3, and 12 months of follow-up, the research team will perform 129Xe MRI/MRS scans. 129Xe MRI/MRS metrics, including: (1) 129Xe MRI ventilation defect (reflecting gas exchange abnormalities), (2)129Xe MRI RBC defect percentage (reflecting pulmonary capillary blood volume), (3) 129Xe MRI membrane uptake percentage (reflecting lung interstitial wall thick-ness and inflammation), and (4) 129Xe MRS oscillation amplitude (reflecting degree of pre/post-capillary PH) as well as standard-of-care assessments including labs, echocardiography, NTproBNP and 6MWD will be acquired at each visit. The investigators expect that 129Xe MRI/MRS biomarker signatures will improve prediction of treatment response and clinical outcomes (hospitalizations and death) compared to standard risk assessment with functional class, 6MWD, and NTproBNP.

This study would allow an assessment of sotatercept's role in promoting pulmonary vascular reverse remodeling. It could also improve outcome assessment in clinical trials to a biomarker that is more accurate and precise, thus allowing greater reliability in assessment of treatment effect and allowing smaller clinical trial size. Lastly, three-dimensional functional lung imaging could provide greater individualized assessment of lung function and tailoring of therapy, thus optimizing precision and personalized medicine.

PAH is characterized by obstructive vasculopathy of the pulmonary arterioles that results in right heart failure and death. The pulmonary vascular remodeling in PAH includes neointimal proliferation, medial hypertrophy, plexiform arteriopathy, and fibrosis; these changes can also differ between these subtypes. This results in specific changes in cardiac and pulmonary physiology, most notably: (1) an increase in the pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) through the blood vessels due to their obstruction; and (2) a decrease in sur-face area and capillary blood volume for gas exchange through disruption of the normal capillary-alveolar interface with a decrease in the diffusion limit for carbon monoxide (DLCO). The increase in PVR results in increased afterload on the right heart, resulting in right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and failure. Similarly, gas exchange abnormalities contribute to decreased ventilatory efficiency and exercise limitation. Current treatments, which target the prostacyclin, endothelin-1, or nitric oxide pathways, slow disease progression. However, these drugs are thought to act largely through vasodilation, and not through remodeling. For that reason, the 5-year survival rate in PAH is still only approximately 60%, highlighting the need for therapies targeting pulmonary vascular remodeling pathways.
Provided herein are methods and compositions for analyzing epigenetic modifications of genomes. The methods and compositions are suited for complete epigenome sequencing of any modification for which an antibody or an affinity binding agent has been developed. In one aspect, provided herein is a method for analyzing epigenetic modification of a genome. In some embodiments of aspects provided herein, the method further comprises sequencing a sequencing library to generate sequence reads, and assembling the sequence reads with aid of a positional barcode sequence information. In some embodiments of aspects provided herein, the method further comprises determining a location of at least two different epigenetic modifications of the nucleic acid. Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a kit for analyzing an epigenetic modification of a nucleic acid.
Aims: Obese patients are highly sensitive to adriamycin (ADR)-induced cardiotoxicity. However, the potential mechanism of superimposed toxicity remains to be elucidated. Sestrin 2 (SESN2), a potential antioxidant, could attenuate stress-induced cardiomyopathy; therefore, this study aims to explore whether SESN2 enhances cardiac resistance to ADR-induced oxidative damage in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Results: The results revealed that obesity decreased SESN2 expression in ADR-exposed heart. And, HFD mice may predispose to ADR-induced cardiotoxicity, which was probably associated with inhibiting protein kinase B (AKT), glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) phosphorylation and subsequently blocking nuclear localization of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (NRF2), ultimately resulting in cardiac oxidative damage. However, these destructive cascades and cardiac oxidative damage effects induced by HFD/sodium palmitate combined with ADR were blocked by overexpression of SESN2. Moreover, the antioxidant effect of SESN2 could be largely abolished by sh-Nrf2 or wortmannin. And sulforaphane, an NRF2 agonist, could remarkably reverse cardiac pathological and functional abnormalities caused by ADR in obese mice. Innovation and Conclusion: This study demonstrated that SESN2 might be a promising therapeutic target for improving anthracycline-related cardiotoxicity in obesity by upregulating activity of NRF2 via AKT/GSK-3β/Src family tyrosine kinase signaling pathway. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 598-615.
Autoimmune diseases only show local pathological damage, but more often systemic lesions. If not diagnosed and treated in time or poorly controlled, a risk of disability or even death as the course of the disease progresses. Studies have shown that B cells can present their own antigens to autoimmune T cells to promote the release of inflammatory factors, or they can differentiate into plasma cells to release autoantibodies, and play an important role in the occurrence and progression of autoimmune diseases. In recent years, it has become a major research focus to deplete B cells in patients or inhibit B cell function. This research focuses on CAR-T cells killing B cells. In 2019, Kansal and others released their team's in vivo experiments to prove that CD19 CAR-T cells have achieved significant and long-lasting effects in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. This fully reflects the application prospects of CAR-T cells in autoimmune diseases.

Based on the current research progress, our center intends to conduct research on the safety and effectiveness of CD19/BCMA CAR-T cells in the treatment of refractory systemic lupus erythematosus.
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a vital carbohydrate source for over 800 million people globally, yet its production in East Africa is severely affected by cassava brown streak disease (CBSD). Genebanks, through ex-situ conservation, play a pivotal role in preserving crop diversity, providing crucial resources for breeding resilient and disease-resistant crops. This study genotyped 234 South American cassava accessions conserved at the CIAT genebank, previously phenotyped for CBSD resistance by an independent group, to perform a genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) to identify genetic variants associated with CBSD resistance. Our GWAS identified 35 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers distributed across various chromosomes, associated with disease severity or the presence/absence of viral infection. Markers were annotated within or near genes previously identified with functions related to pathogen recognition and immune response activation. Using the SNP candidates, we screened the world's largest cassava collection for accessions with a higher frequency of favorable genotypes, proposing 35 accessions with potential resistance to CBSD. Our results provide insights into the genetics of CBSD resistance and highlight the importance of genetic resources to equip breeders with the raw materials needed to develop new crop varieties resistant to pests and diseases.
Anorexia nervosa (AN) has a multifaceted and complex pathology, yet major gaps remain in our understanding of factors involved in AN pathology. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a regulatory role in translating genes into proteins and help understand and treat diseases. An extensive literature review on miRNAs with AN and comorbidities has uncovered a significant lack in miRNA research. To demonstrate the importance of understanding miRNA deregulation, we surveyed the literature on depression and obesity providing examples of relevant miRNAs. For AN, no miRNA sequencing or array studies have been found, unlike other psychiatric disorders. For depression and obesity, screenings and mechanistic studies were conducted, leading to clinical studies to improve understanding of their regulatory influences. MiRNAs are promising targets for studying AN due to their role as signaling molecules, involvement in psychiatric-metabolic axes, and potential as biomarkers. These characteristics offer valuable insights into the disease's etiology and potential new treatment options. The first miRNA-based treatment for rare metabolic disorders has been approved by the FDA and it is expected that these advancements will increase in the next decade. MiRNA research in AN is essential to examine its role in the development, manifestation, and progression of the disease. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE: The current understanding of the development and treatment of AN is insufficient. miRNAs are short regulatory sequences that influence the translation of genes into proteins. They are the subject of research in various diseases, including both metabolic and psychiatric disorders. Studying miRNAs in AN may elucidate their causal and regulatory role, uncover potential biomarkers, and allow for future targeted treatments.
After all enrolled participants completed the Week 16 visit, an interim analysis was performed to select a single dose level (25, 100 or 200 mg) for the open-label phase of the study. Fazirsiran 200 mg was the selected dose and all participants with fibrosis at Screening who completed the post-dose liver biopsy at Week 48 (or Week 72 or 96) receive this dose every 12 weeks for the duration of the study (open-label phase).
The present invention relates to methods for radiolabelling GRPR antagonists such as NeoB, and their kits. In particular, the invention to a method for labeling a gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) antagonist with a radioactive isotope, preferably  68 Ga,  67 Ga or  64 Cu, said method comprising the steps of: i. providing a first vial comprising said GRPR antagonist in dried form, ii. adding a solution of said radioactive isotope into said first vial, thereby obtaining a solution of said GRPR antagonist with said radioactive isotope, iii. mixing the solution obtained in ii. with at least a buffering agent and incubating it for a sufficient period of time for obtaining said GRPR antagonist labeled with said radioactive isotope, and, iv. optionally, adjusting the pH of the solution.