anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
At the end of the morning of each intervention visit, participants were provided with meals, which they consumed for seven consecutive days (in a 4-day rotation menu). Participants were instructed to consume only the meals that were provided to them during the study days. The breakfast, lunch and dinner meals of the diets were designed to contain 30% fat, 15% protein, 55% carbohydrate, and seven different menus (1500, 1750, 2000, 2250, 2500, 2750 and 3000 Kcal) to deliver the closest energy requirements of the volunteers. For the intervention diets, all the meat was replaced with buckwheat and fava bean food products, serving the same amount of buckwheat and fava bean food products for all the volunteers regardless of their energy requirements.
The bread contained 50 grams of digestible carbohydrates. Participants consumed these loaves of bread when they were hungry. Blood glucose measurements were taken at 0 (fasting),15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes.
This study is to determine the accuracy of pulse oximeters, which measure blood oxygen by shining light through fingers, ears or other parts of the body, without requiring blood sampling.

The aim of this project is to test the accuracy of pulse oximeters during mild, moderate and severe hypoxia. This is done by comparing the reading of the pulse oximeter during brief, steady state hypoxia with a gold-standard measurement of blood oxyhemoglobin saturation (arterial blood sample processed in a laboratory hemoximeter).The data obtained is submitted by pulse oximeter manufacturers to the FDA for device approval.

Studies normally involve 10-14 normal adult volunteer paid subjects, with 20-25 1-2 ml arterial blood samples from each subject obtained at different steady-state levels of hypoxia from 70-100%. Blood samples obtained from an arterial line are measured in a hemoximeter to determine true saturation value. Some sponsors may not require any blood sampling. Some sponsors may require additional blood samples, up to 35 samples may be drawn. Readings from the test pulse oximeters are recorded and compared to these "gold-standard" blood values. The pulse oximeter probes may be located at a variety of sites on the subjects, including fingers, toes, ears, forehead, scalp and bridge of the nose. These detector-probes are all non-invasive.

The level of hypoxia is measured and controlled by the investigator. A computer program that displays a prediction, breath by breath, the arterial oxygen saturation, (SaO2) of the study subject. SaO2 is computed from end-expired Po2 and Pco2 as determined by mass spectrometer gas analysis. This information permits the inspired gas mixture of air, plus CO2 and nitrogen, to be adjusted by an operator watching the value computed after each expiration on an analog meter. This computer-estimated saturation is adjusted by the operator to one of 6 levels of predicted saturation, and is held stable for about 30 seconds at each level. Two or three "runs" are conducted per subject. Each "run" lasts 10-15 min and 4 to 5 plateaus are tested per run. The manufacturer may choose the target values. Plateaus are typically sought at 96%, 87%, 77%, 92%, 82% and 72%. Other manufacturers have asked for an equal number of data points but with all points between 70% and 100%. Some sponsors may also request additional variables to be measured during testing including high or low CO2, where subjects will be asked to hyperventilate; low perfusion, where subjects will be asked to lay flat, or with their head up or down; testing pulse oximeters during motion, or with the subject's hand fixed to a motion machine. The subject's will be informed by the study staff and in the consent form if any of these additional procedures apply.
PURPOSE: To diagnose an animal, infected with foot-and-mouth disease, with high sensitivity and with high speficicity by using a peptide A, for diagnosis of the foot-and- mouth disease, which comprises a specific amino acid arrangement. CONSTITUTION: More than 50 amino acid arrangement regions which are comparatively rich in a hydrophilic amino acid arrangement are selected, the respective regions are synthesized by a solid-phase chemical synthesis method, and a peptide having a chain length of more than 10 to 20 pieces is prepared. Then, by using a bovine serium which has been infected experimetally with an FMD cirus, the reactivity of the prepared peptide is evaluated by an indirect enzyme anitbody method. Then, the peptide having an amino acid arrangement mentioned as an arrangement number 1 in an arrangement table is reacted strongly with the antibody of an animal infected with foot-and-mouth disease. It is called a peptide A for diagnosis of the foot-and- mouth disease. The arrangement is common to the FMD virus, it is a single epitope antigen, and it displays extremely high specificity.  Consequently, an animal which has been infected with the foot-and-mouth disease can be diagnosed with high sensitivity and with high specificity.
The treatment administration phase will also consist of three (3) treatments, delivered once a week. The sham group will receive a treatment with the intensities of the magnetic field and radiofrequency energy set to 5% of the maximum device output.
Two major types of eye lid movement disorders include lagophthalmos (incomplete closure of the eyelids) and blepharoptosis (incomplete opening of the eyelids). Both of these conditions occur because of a disruption in the normal agonist-antagonist neuro-muscular complex balance. Generally paralysis of the eyelid or facial muscles is responsible for the abnormality (the eyelids can close but not open, or open but not close). An external device, if able to generate an appropriately balanced force, could restore eyelid movement by performing the paralyzed function; for example, a ptotic (droopy) eyelid could be opened, and the functioning eyelid closure muscle could overcome the device's force. In prior work the investigators established proof-of-concept data demonstrating safety and efficacy for temporary management of ptosis up to 2 hour per day for 2 weeks. Preliminary data suggest similar safety for lagophthalmos. This study will expand on this preliminary work to examine longer wear times, home use, and feasibility for a wider range of eye lid disorders.
The invention relates to the use of benzoxazinoids-containing grains of cereals for the production of food and beverage products with health-improving effects. Especially the invention relates to the use of benzoxazinoids-containing grains of cereals for the production of bread baked on rye grains, wheat, spelt, rye and/or spelt sprouts for health-improving purposes. The health-improving effects according to the invention are obtained through the CNS stimulating effects of said benzoxazinoid-containing food and beverage products. These effects are appetite suppression, enhancement of mood, improved sexual function, relieve of fibromyalgia and sleep apnea disorders. Other CNS-related disorders are included as well. The health-improving effects of the invented food products containing benzoxazinoids also include anti-cancer activity, anti-inflammatory effects, analgesic effects and antibacterial effects. The total content of benzoxazinoids was maintained in the bread through the baking process and it can be calculated that the daily amount of rye bread needed to obtain a CNS-stimulating effect is about 1.5-240 g.
This group will comprise participants who complete the grooved pegboard test at baseline with a time of less than 71 seconds. One half of the members in this group will perform the two interventions in the order of pegboard practice and then force control practice, whereas the other half of the group will perform the two practice interventions in the opposite order.
Pain is one of the major signs, if not the first, which encourages patient to call caregivers. It is a complex and multidimensional sensorial experience. An optimal pain management should consider these different dimensions. If not, the risk is to misidentify pain causes, resulting in therapeutic failures.

Anxiety is one of these dimensions. It's an emotional factor particularly frequent in hospitalized patient.

Pain and hospitalization are both sources of anxiety. Anxiety causes discomfort, hyper vigilance reactions and pain focusing; it can cause avoidance behavior and non-compliance with prescribed medical treatments. Specific care of anxiety can result in a positive impact on hospitalized patient's pains and comfort.

Screening tools for anxiety exist. The STAI-Y is the actual reference scale to measure anxiety. The "Ya" version measures anxiety linked with the reactional state. It's composed of 20 questions and scores of 45 and higher define a significant anxiety (at least moderate). Another tool, the HAD scale, measures anxiety and depression. It has been validated on a population of hospitalized patients. It's composed of 14 questions including 7 about anxiety (HAD-7A). An 11 and higher score defines a significant anxiety (at least moderate). But these tools, theoretically accessible to caregivers, are not often used, especially in hospitalization. The principal reason is their inadequacy to the real conditions in services. Their utilization is too restrictive to hope for an exhaustive diagnosis in routine clinical practice (e.g. the need to have a specific support at disposal or the time to fill in the auto-questionnaires). It would be particularly pertinent to have a faster and easier tool at disposal.

Studies suggest the usefulness of the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to measure anxiety in pre-operatory or pre-interventional context. This study aims at evaluating VAS' interest in a very frequent situation, the one of painful hospitalized patient. If the VAS demonstrates its capacity to detect and measure anxiety as the validated scales, its utilization could be proposed at the same time as VAS for pain. When pain is assessed by VAS, it'd be easy and simple to evaluate anxiety with the anxiety-VAS, with the same tool, systematically or in anxiety identified situations. Anxious patients who could have specific treatments for anxiety would be better detected and cared for in a general way in accordance with good practice recommendations.
Previous reports have revealed that progressive muscle relaxation to use to decrease symptom burden associated with cancer. However, there have been limited studies that directly focus on supporting caregivers of advanced cancer patients who face serious problems in diagnosis and treatment process, at least as much as cancer patients. Besides, till date, no study has been conducted to determine the effects of progressive relaxation exercise on caregiver burden, fatigue and quality of life in those providing care for patients with advanced cancer. The present study investigates the effects of progressive muscle relaxation in a single-site, 2-arm, randomized, controlled study of 64 caregivers of patients with advanced cancer. Arm 1: relaxation; Arm 2: Attention matched control. The investigators hypothesize that progressive muscle relaxation will decrease severity of caregiver burden and fatigue and improve quality of life.
The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear and is associated with an increased risk of developing colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Under sustained inflammatory stimulation in the intestines, loss of early DNA damage response genes can lead to tumor formation. Many proteins are involved in the pathways of DNA damage response and play critical roles in protecting genes from various potential damages that DNA may undergo. ERCC4 is a structure-specific endonuclease that participates in the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. The catalytic site of ERCC4 determines the activity of NER and is an indispensable gene in the NER pathway. ERCC4 may be involved in the imbalanced process of DNA damage and repair in IBD-related inflammation and CAC. This article primarily reviews the function of ERCC4 in the DNA repair pathway and discusses its potential role in the processes of IBD-related inflammation and carcinogenesis. Finally, we explore how this knowledge may open novel avenues for the treatment of IBD and IBD-related cancer.
This is a single-center, randomized (study drug assigned by chance like flipping a coin), open-label (all people involved know the identity of the intervention), 4-way crossover (participants receive different interventions sequentially during the trial) study in healthy adult Taiwanese participants. All participants will be randomly assigned to 1 of the 4 different possible treatment sequences and will receive all treatments in the order specified by the randomization schedule. The study consists of a screening phase, an open-label treatment phase consisting of 4 single-dose treatment periods, and end-of-study or withdrawal assessments. During the open-label treatment periods, the participants will stay in the center until completion of the 72-hour pharmacokinetics \[PK\] (how the drug is absorbed in the body, distributed within the body, and how it is removed from the body over time) blood sample on Day 4. A 7- to 14-day washout period (period when receiving no treatment) will separate the open-label treatment periods. The safety and tolerability will be evaluated over the investigated dose range. The duration of participation in the study for an individual participant will be approximately 12 weeks.
To determine amphetamine-induced DA release in tobacco smokers while currently smoking and during acute withdrawal and in nonsmokers. Twenty healthy men and women tobacco smokers and twenty healthy nonsmokers will be recruited. Each subject will participate in 1 MRI and up to 2 \[11C\]PHNO PET scans. On the PET study day subjects will participate in two \[11C\]PHNO scans (ideally, the two PET scans will be carried out in the same day). Three hours before the second PET scan, amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg, PO) will be administered. In smokers, the set of scans will occur at 10-21 days of smoking abstinence. Smoking abstinence will be determined by carbon monoxide and urine cotinine (a breakdown product of nicotine in cigarette smoke) levels. Subjects will be asked to breathe into a breathalyzer to measure carbon monoxide and to provide a urine sample to measure cotinine. Smoking abstinence will be confirmed by carbon monoxide and cotinine levels that are reduced as compared to actively smoking. We hypothesize that smokers at 10-21 days of withdrawal will have amphetamine-induced DA release that is blunted compared to healthy nonsmokers.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans (3 T) will be collected in each subject to co-register PET and MRI for image analysis. Within two weeks of the PET study, an MRI will be acquired at the Yale University MRI Center. Subjects will be taken through a ferromagnetic metal detector before entering the scan room. The acquisition sequence is a 3D fast spoiled grass (FSPGR) MR pulse sequence with an IR prep of 300 ms. (TE= 3.3 ms, flip angle=17 degrees; slice thickness= 1.2 mm) optimized for delineating gray matter/white matter/CSF boundaries. The small voxel size (0.93 X 1.2 X 0.93 mm) provides high-resolution volumetric images. MR images provide a matching anatomical atlas for creating individualized region-of-interest templates for each subject.

Subject preparation consists of two intravenous (IV) catheterizations and immobilization of the head. PET scans are acquired as subjects rest using an HRRT PET scanner (207 slices, resolution better than 3 mm FWHM). This resolution permits visualization of the PHNO and raclopride uptake in the ventral/dorsal striatum, in globus pallidus (GP) and substantia nigra (SN). A transmission scan using an orbiting 137Cs point-source is obtained for each emission scan. Motion correction will be performed dynamically with measurements from the Vicra (NDI Systems, Waterloo, Ontario) used by a dedicated list-mode reconstruction algorithm.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a whitening skin preparation for external use, having melanogenesis suppressing action and tyrosinase activity inhibiting action and effective in preventing and improving pigmentation after sunburn, stain, freckle, chloasma, etc. SOLUTION: This skin preparation for external use is obtained by blending extracts of one or more kinds of plants selected from Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Curcuma heyneana Val. and Curcuma aeruginosa belonging to the genus Curcuma of the family Zingiberacea, especially a which grow in indonesian dried grassland, pasture, etc., in an amount of 0.005-20wt.%, preferably 0.01-10wt.% as a dried material based on total amount of the preparation for external use. Other whitening agent, a humectant, an antioxidant, an oily component, an ultraviolet light absorbent, a surfactant, a thickener, alcohols, powder ingredient, a coloring material, an aqueous ingredient, water, various kinds of skin nutrients, etc., can properly be blended in the skin preparation for external use and the skin preparation for external use can be prepared in ointment, cream, lotion, pack, bathing agent, etc.  The extract is obtained by immersing the leaf, stem containing underground stem, bark, fruit, etc., or total grass of the plant into an extracting solvent (e.g. ethanol) or heating the plant therein under reflux, filtering the mixture and concentrating the filtrate.
Group II (non-treatment group): Patients in the treatment group will not receive any extra intervention outside of standard of care. They will receive iron supplementation for 6 weeks starting before 8 weeks of age, 1 week after their first procedure (surgery or heart catheterization). They will be followed for 14 weeks.
BACKGROUND: A significant proportion of the global population has been infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at some point since the onset of the pandemic. Although most individuals who develop coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) recover without complications, about 6% have persistent symptoms, referred to as post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). Intervention studies investigating treatments that potentially alleviate PCC-related symptoms and thus aim to mitigate the global public health burden and healthcare costs linked to PCC are desperately needed. The PYCNOVID trial investigates the effects of Pycnogenol®, a French maritime pine bark extract with anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties, versus placebo on patient-reported health status in people with PCC.
METHODS: This is a single-center, placebo-controlled, quadruple blind, randomized trial. We aim to randomly assign 150 individuals with PCC (1:1 ratio) to receive either 200 mg Pycnogenol® or placebo daily for 12 weeks. Randomization is stratified for duration of PCC symptoms (≤ 6 months versus > 6 months) and presence of symptomatic chronic disease(s). The primary endpoint is perceived health status at 12 weeks (EuroQol-Visual Analogue Scale) adjusted for baseline values and stratification factors. Secondary endpoints include change in self-reported PCC symptoms, health-related quality of life, symptoms of depression and anxiety, cognitive function, functional exercise capacity, physical activity measured with accelerometry, and blood biomarkers for endothelial health, inflammation, coagulation, platelet function, and oxidative stress. Investigators, study participants, outcome assessors, and data analysts are blinded regarding the intervention assignment. Individuals with PCC were involved in the design of this study.
DISCUSSION: This is the first trial to investigate the effects of Pycnogenol® versus placebo on patient-reported health status in people with PCC. Should the trial proof clinical effectiveness, Pycnogenol® may serve as a therapeutic approach to mitigate symptoms associated with PCC.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. :NCT05890534, June 6, 2023.
INTRODUCTION: Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CINP) is one of the main adverse effects of chemotherapy treatment. At the spinal level, CINP modulation involves glial cells that upregulate Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and signaling pathways, which can be activated by pro-inflammatory mediators as the high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1).
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the spinal role of HMGB1 in the paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain via receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and TLR4 activation expressed in glial cells.
METHODS: Male C57BL/6 Wild type and TLR4 deficient mice were used in the paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain model. The nociceptive threshold was measured using the von Frey filament test. In addition, recombinant HMGB1 was intrathecally (i.t.) injected to confirm its nociceptive potential. To evaluate the spinal participation of RAGE, TLR4, NF-kB, microglia, astrocytes, and MAPK p38 in HMGB1-mediated nociceptive effect during neuropathic pain and recombinant HMGB1-induced nociception, the drugs FPS-ZM1, LPS-RS, PDTC, minocycline, fluorocitrate, and SML0543 were respectively administrated by i.t. rout. Microglia, astrocytes, glial cells, RAGE, and TLR4 protein expression were analyzed by Western blot. ELISA immunoassay was also used to assess HMGB1, IL-1β, and TNF-α spinal levels.
RESULTS: The pharmacological experiments demonstrated that spinal RAGE, TLR4, microglia, astrocytes, as well as MAPK p38 and NF-kB signaling are involved with HMGB1-induced nociception and paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain. Furthermore, HMGB1 spinal levels were increased during the early stages of neuropathic pain and associated with RAGE, TLR4 and microglial activation. RAGE and TLR4 blockade decreased spinal levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines during neuropathic pain.
CONCLUSION: Taken together, our findings indicate that HMGB1 may be released during the early stages of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain. This molecule activates RAGE and TLR4 receptors in spinal microglia, upregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines that may contribute to neuropathic pain.
The present invention relates to the traditional Chinese medicine "weichangshu" for treating stomach and duodenal ulcer and chronic gastritis. In the prescription we select rhizome of Chinese goldthread, Chinese rhubarb etc. altogether 9 traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. The prepn. technology consists of volatile oil utilizing inclusion complex technology, the heating process changes into pressure reducing concentration and low temp. drying, the quality control adopting the monitoring of berberine hydrochloride and more than half of said medicament of the presoription. Said drug features good curative effect, small side effect, intensive raw material and toxicless.
In line with the 2021 ESC Prevention guidelines, the FTR group will be treated according to the 'first-time-right' strategy(1). While no specific therapeutic protocols are mandated by our observational study, participating centers will be required to apply the 'first-time- right' strategy: i.e. the direct, in-hospital initiation or planned initiation of all guideline-recommended preventive pharmacotherapeutic treatments.