anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Introduction Both in vitro and in vivo radiolabeled studies on nebulization via high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) showed that aerosol lung deposition decreased with the increasing nasal cannula gas flow, which, however, was not observed in patients with distressed breathing. In our previous in vitro study, we investigated the effects of the ratio of nasal cannula gas flow to subject's peak inspiratory flow (GF: IF) on the aerosol lung deposition, and we found that aerosol deposition in lung increased as the GF: IF decreased with an optimal GF: IF between 0.1 to 0.5 producing a stable "lung" deposition in both quiet and distress breathing. Thus we aimed to further validate such an optimal GF: IF in patients with reversible airflow limitations by the delivery of bronchodilators.

Methods and analysis COPD and asthma patients with positive response to four actuations of albuterol via metered dose inhaler (MDI) and valved holding chamber (VHC) will be enrolled and consented in the study. After a washout period (1-3 days), patients will be randomly assigned to three groups with different nasal cannula gas flow: 50L/min, GF: IF = 1.0, and GF: IF = 0.5. In each treatment arm, patients will firstly receive saline, then followed by an escalating doubling dosages (0.5, 1, 2, and 4mg) of albuterol in a total volume of 2mL, delivered by mesh nebulizer (VMN, Aerogen, Ireland) via heated nasal cannula at 37℃. An interval of 30 min will be maintained between two doses of albuterol, and pulmonary spirometry will be measured at baseline and after each dose. Titration will be terminated when an additional FEV1 improvement was \< 5%.
The present invention is a composition for, and a method of, delivering an active agent at a controlled rate. The composition of the invention is a hollow ceramic or inorganic microtubule, where the active agent is contained within the lumen of the microtubules. Typically, the agent is adsorbed onto an inner surface of the microtubule. The method of the invention is disposing this novel composition in a use environment. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a microtubule is a tubule having an inner diameter of less than 0.2 μm, and microtubules are tubules having an average inner diameter less than 0.2 μm. In a preferred embodiment, the hollow ceramic or inorganic microtubule is a mineral microtubule, such as halloysite, cylindrite, boulangerite, or imogolite. In a more preferred embodiment of the invention, the mineral microtubule has a biodegradable polymeric carrier disposed in its lumen. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inner diameter of the microtubules varies from about 0.20 μm to about 0.35 μm, or averages about 0.40 μm. In another preferred embodiment, of the invention, the inner diameter of the microtubules varies from about 200 Å to about 1000 Å.
While modern high efficacy disease modifying therapies have revolutionized the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, they are less effective at controlling progressive forms of the disease. Meningeal inflammation is a recognized risk factor for cortical gray matter pathology which can result in disabling symptoms such as cognitive impairment and depression, but the mechanisms linking meningeal inflammation and gray matter pathology remain unclear. Here, we performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided spatial transcriptomics in a mouse model of autoimmune meningeal inflammation to characterize the transcriptional signature in areas of meningeal inflammation and the underlying brain parenchyma. We found broadly increased activity of inflammatory signaling pathways at sites of meningeal inflammation, but only a subset of these pathways active in the adjacent brain parenchyma. Subclustering of regions adjacent to meningeal inflammation revealed the subset of immune programs induced in brain parenchyma, notably complement signaling and antigen processing/presentation. Trajectory gene and gene set modeling analysis confirmed variable penetration of immune signatures originating from meningeal inflammation into the adjacent brain tissue. This work contributes a valuable data resource to the field, provides the first detailed spatial transcriptomic characterization in a model of meningeal inflammation, and highlights several candidate pathways in the pathogenesis of gray matter pathology.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The follow-up of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) presents an opportunity to alert patients and their families on how to recognize and act in the event of stroke. Our aim was to compare stroke recognition-to-door time and prehospital stroke code activation in patients with known AF (KAF) and AF detected after stroke (AFDAS).
METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients receiving acute recanalization treatment for acute ischemic stroke between January 2016 and August 2022, with AF as a potential stroke cause. Patients were divided into KAF and AFDAS, and stroke recognition-to-door time and prehospital stroke code activation were compared. In the KAF subgroup, we assessed whether the use of preadmission anticoagulation was associated with the studied prehospital parameters.
RESULTS: We included 438 patients, 290 female (66.2%), mean age 79.3±9.4 years. In total, 238 patients had KAF (54.3%) and 200 (45.7%) had AFDAS. Of those with KAF, 114 (48.1%) were pretreated with anticoagulation. Patients with KAF and AFDAS had no differences in stroke recognition-to-door time (74.0 [55.0-101.0] vs. 78.0 [60.0-112.0] min; p=0.097) or prehospital stroke code activation [148 (64.6%) vs. 128 (65.3%); p=0.965]. In the KAF subgroup, preadmission anticoagulation did not influence stroke recognition-to-door time or mode of hospital admission.
CONCLUSION: Stroke recognition-to-door time and prehospital stroke code activation were similar between patients with known or newly diagnosed AF. Preadmission anticoagulation treatment also did not affect the studied parameters. Our findings highlight a missed opportunity to promote stroke knowledge in patients followed due to AF.
In clinical studies in RA patients with the 4 mg per kg and 8 mg per kg intravenous doses or the 162 mg weekly and every other weekly subcutaneous doses of ACTEMRA, decreases in levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) to within normal ranges were seen as early as week 2. Changes in pharmacodynamic parameters were observed (i.e., decreases in rheumatoid factor, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), serum amyloid A, fibrinogen and increases in hemoglobin) with doses, however the greatest improvements were observed with 8 mg per kg ACTEMRA. Pharmacodynamic changes were also observed to occur after ACTEMRA administration in GCA, SSc-ILD, PJIA, and SJIA patients (decreases in CRP, ESR, and increases in hemoglobin). The relationship between these pharmacodynamic findings and clinical efficacy is not known.

In healthy subjects administered ACTEMRA in doses from 2 to 28 mg per kg intravenously and 81 to 162 mg subcutaneously, absolute neutrophil counts decreased to the nadir 3 to 5 days following ACTEMRA administration. Thereafter, neutrophils recovered towards baseline in a dose dependent manner. Rheumatoid arthritis and GCA patients demonstrated a similar pattern of absolute neutrophil counts following ACTEMRA administration [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)].
The invention relates to the technical field of biology, and discloses an antibacterial peptide LK18s and application thereof. The antibacterial peptide LK18s comprises at least one of LK18-1, LK18-2, LK18-3, LK 18-4; the amino acid sequence of LK18-1 is shown in SEQ ID NO. 1; the amino acid sequence of LK18-2 is shown in SEQ ID NO. 2; the amino acid sequence of LK18-3 is shown in SEQ ID NO. 3; the amino acid sequence of LK18-4 is shown in SEQ ID NO. 4. The antibacterial peptide LK18s is designed by adopting the modes of sequence inversion, replacement or addition and deletion and the like and optimizing the sequence. The antibacterial peptide LK18s has good antibacterial effect on gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria and fungi, and the antibacterial peptide LK18s has good thermal stability.
Lymphedema (LD) is characterized by the accumulation of interstitial fluid, lipids and inflammatory cell infiltrate in the limb. Here, we find that LD tissues from women who developed LD after breast cancer exhibit an inflamed gene expression profile. Lipidomic analysis reveals decrease in specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) generated by the 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) in LD. In mice, the loss of SPM is associated with an increase in apoptotic regulatory T (Treg) cell number. In addition, the selective depletion of 15-LO in the lymphatic endothelium induces an aggravation of LD that can be rescued by Treg cell adoptive transfer or ALOX15-expressing lentivector injections. Mechanistically, exogenous injections of the pro-resolving cytokine IFN-β restores both 15-LO expression and Treg cell number in a mouse model of LD. These results provide evidence that lymphatic 15-LO may represent a therapeutic target for LD by serving as a mediator of Treg cell populations to resolve inflammation.
Participants will receive an initial dose of 20 mg blinded levomilnacipran. At day 7, the doses will be titrated to 40 mg of levomilnacipran. Further titrations (maximum dose of 120 mg of levomilnacipran) will be decided based on clinical response and tolerability. The medication will be taken by mouth in pill form, once daily.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled composition capable of acting locally on a cancerous site by the prolonged release, by forming a composite of a chemotherapeutic agent used for treating solid cancer with carrageenan in a given concentration by a given method. CONSTITUTION:An anticancer pharmaceutical composition obtained by dissolving carrageenan in preferably 2-5% concentration first in hot water at 50-60 deg.C, and incorporating a chemotherapeutic agent, e.g. doxorubicin, mitomycin C or ''Carboquone '' in an amount of 0.01%, preferably about 0.2% to form a composite of the chemotherapeutic agent with the carrangeenan. The resultant anticancer pharmaceutical composition consisting of the above-mentioned composite is administered in a sol state at >=40 deg.C temperature, gelatinized at the effected part and applied thereto. The composition has local retention and prolonged release property and is effective for treating cancer. The composition further has heat of 40-50 deg.C in administration, and the same effect as thermotherapy can be expected.
INTRODUCTION: To our knowledge, this study is the first to identify and describe current sepsis policies, clinical practice guidelines, and health professional training standards in Canada to inform evidence-based policy recommendations.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This study will be designed and reported according to the Arksey and O'Malley framework for scoping reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. EMBASE, CINAHL, Medline, Turning Research Into Practice and Policy Commons will be searched for policies, clinical practice guidelines and health professional training standards published or updated in 2010 onwards, and related to the identification, management or reporting of sepsis in Canada. Additional sources of evidence will be identified by searching the websites of Canadian organisations responsible for regulating the training of healthcare professionals and reporting health outcomes. All potentially eligible sources of evidence will be reviewed for inclusion, followed by data extraction, independently and in duplicate. The included policies will be collated and summarised to inform future evidence-based sepsis policy recommendations.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The proposed study does not require ethics approval. The results of the study will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at local, national and international forums.
The cause of FM remains unknown, and more than half of all FM patients do not experience adequate pain relief from current treatment. Identifying the mechanisms of unexplained pain in people with FM is necessary to develop more beneficial treatments. One possible cause of FM may be associated with problems in how the body processes pain. People with FM appear to be hypersensitive to stimuli that normally are not painful. Specifically, the brain and spinal cord may not signal sensations correctly, resulting in abnormal pain sensations. This study will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine how pain is processed in the brain of adults with FM compared with adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), another chronic disease characterized by long-term pain with a known cause. This study will also determine the effect that anticipation and attention have on the processing of nonpainful stimuli in women with FM and RA. Both groups of people will also be compared to a control group of healthy people.

Participants in this study will include only women. This study will include two study visits that will occur on separate days. Each study visit will last from 2 to 3 hours. During the first study visit, participants will complete questionnaires. They will then rate heat stimuli applied to their hand and perform mental tasks while in a mock MRI machine. The mental tasks will consist of naming the color of words. Some participants will receive nonpainful heat stimuli; others will receive both painful and nonpainful heat stimuli. During the second study visit, participants will undergo the exact same procedures while in an actual MRI machine. There will be no follow-up visits for this study.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of shellac nail polish application on pulse oximetry measurements in healthy subjects. This study was planned as a prospective, self-controlled clinical research to determine the effect of shellac nail polish application on SpO2 and pulse values in healthy people. The population of the study will consist of women who had shellac nail polish application in a private beauty centre between June 2023 and December 2023. The minimum required sample size was calculated as 162 in G\*Power (3.1.9.2) programme (α=0.05 (two-way), 1-β=0.95). The data will be collected with the data collection form prepared in line with the literature. On this form, the age of the individual, the color of the shellac nail, smoking status, and the SpO2 and pulse values measured by pulse oximetry from the little and middle finger will be recorded. SpO2 and pulse rates will be measured with a calibrated Jumper pulse oximeter. Since the shellac nail and non-shellac nail will be measured at the same time, two of the same brand pulse oximeter devices will be provided. Volunteers who meet the inclusion criteria of the research will be informed about the research and will be included in the research on a voluntary basis and their written consent will be obtained. Firstly, the personal information of the participants will be recorded in the data collection form. The middle finger of the left hand of each participant will be the treatment group and the little finger will be the control group. After the shellac nail polish is applied to the middle finger of the left hand, SpO2 and pulse values will be measured simultaneously with a pulse oximeter from the left hand middle finger and little finger of the participant and recorded on the data form. The data obtained from the study will be analysed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) for Windows 26.0 software. Mean and standard deviation will be used in the evaluation of the data. Statistical significance will be accepted as p\<0.05 (95% confidence interval).
PURPOSE:To enable the use of an emulsion in a wide range of a use by uniformly dispersing fine particles of an aqueous phase component surrounded by flocs comprising lipid particles of high m.p. lipid throughout a specific amount of low m.p. lipid. CONSTITUTION:2-15% by wt. of high m.p. lipid of an emulsifier is added to high m.p. lipid and the resulting mixture is melted to prepare an oil phase component which is, in turn, added to 90-70% by wt. of an oil in water type emulsion of an aqueous phase component in an amount of 10-30% by wt. of said emulsion. The obtained mixture is homogenized to prepare an oil in water type emulsion. 80-10% by wt. of a final product of the aforementioned oil in water type emulsion is added to 20-90% by wt. of the final product of low m.p. lipid and the prepared mixture is stirred at temp. lower than m.p. of high m.p. lipid but higher than the m.p. of low m.p. lipid and the phase of the aforementioned oil in water type emulsion is converted in low m.p. lipid to prepare an oil in water type emulsion.
Patients will be treated with radiosurgery to liver metastases (completed by day 1), followed by a priming dose of subcutaneous CMP-001 (day 1 ± 4 days), intratumoral injections of CMP-001 on days 13, 36 and 55, combined with nivolumab 3mg/kg every 2 weeks (start day 15) and ipilimumab 1 mg/kg every 6 weeks (start day 15). From day 71 biweekly subcutaneous injections of CMP-001 will commence. Nivolumab, ipilimumab and subcutaneous injections of CMP-001 will be continued until disease progression or up to 24 months in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Two research biopsies will be taken from a liver metastasis. The first biopsy will be taken during the screening period (pretreatment) and the second one 5 weeks post-radiosurgery (which is 3 weeks post-initiation of nivolumab / ipilimumab). As a safety run-in, the initial cohort of 3-6 patients will not receive radiosurgery. The next cohort will not commence until the last patient from the initial cohort has been followed up for at least 8 weeks post first intratumoral injection. Efficacy endpoints will be based upon a non-irradiated lesion.
The study protocol involved similar up titration of needle size over a 3-week period, except that a pre-cannulation evaluation of the fistula was performed using the Sonic Window ultrasound device. The device was used to evaluate and identify the optimal site of cannulation (image 1). Depending upon the cannulator's preference, real-time guidance could be employed during cannulation (image 2, 3). The cannulations were performed by 4 selected personnel trained in device use and successfully completed a competency evaluation on simulator models and a mature dialysis fistula.
The efficacy of intrathecal PRIALT in the management of severe chronic pain was studied in three double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter studies in a total of 457 patients (268 PRIALT, 189 placebo) using two different titration schedules. The slow titration schedule tested dose increases 2 to 3 times per week with a maximum dose of 19.2 mcg/day (0.8 mcg/hr) at 21 days. The fast titration schedule used daily increases up to a maximum dose of 57.6 mcg/day (2.4 mcg/hr) in 5 to 6 days but resulted in less tolerability and substantially more frequent adverse events. 

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of PRIALT was conducted in adult patients with severe chronic pain not adequately controlled with intrathecally delivered analgesics including morphine, bupivacaine and/or clonidine; or who were intolerant to analgesics and/or systemic analgesics using the 21-day slow titration schedule. All prior intrathecal medications were discontinued over a one to three week period, and patients were maintained on a stable regimen of non-intrathecal analgesics, including opiates, for at least 7 days prior to randomization. Dosing with PRIALT was started at 2.4 mcg/day (0.1 mcg/hr) and the dose was increased by 2.4 mcg/day (0.1 mcg/hr) two to three times/week (minimum titration interval 24 hours) to a maximum dose of 19.2 mcg/day (0.8 mcg/hr) as needed for management of pain. The final mean dose at the end of the trial at 21 days was 6.9 mcg/day (0.29 mcg/hr). 

Using a 100 mm Visual Analog Scale of Pain Intensity (VASPI) where 100 mm represented the worst possible pain, mean baseline pain scores were 81 in both the PRIALT and placebo groups. The primary efficacy variable was the mean percent change in the VASPI score from baseline to day 21. In the intent-to-treat efficacy analysis, there was a statistically significant difference between groups in the mean percent change in VASPI score from baseline with the PRIALT group having a 12% mean improvement at Week 3 compared to a 5% mean improvement in the placebo group. The 95% confidence interval for the treatment difference (PRIALT–placebo) was 0.4%, 13%. 

The effect of intrathecal PRIALT on pain was variable over the time period of treatment for some patients. Patients exhibited various degrees of improvement in pain after three weeks of treatment compared with baseline pain assessment. Figure 1 depicts the fraction of patients by their degree of improvement. The figure is cumulative, so that patients whose change from baseline is, for example, 30%, are also included at every level of improvement below 30%. Patients who did not have a VASPI score recorded at Week 3 (Study days 17–23, inclusive) were assigned 0% improvement. The improvement in the proportion of “responders,” defined as having a ≥ 30% improvement from baseline in VASPI, was 16% in the PRIALT group compared to 12% in the placebo group, for a net difference of 4%. The use of non-intrathecal opioids decreased by 24% in the PRIALT group and by 17% in the placebo group. 

Figure 1: Patients Achieving Various Levels of Pain Relief from Baseline to Week 3
The present disclosure relates generally to capsicum planar derivatives and methods of use thereof. In some aspects, the disclosure relates to the use of capsicum derivatives for the treatment of cancer or other hyperproliferative diseases. In some aspects of the disclosure, the disclosure provides a derivative of capsicum annuum useful in the treatment of cancer. These cancers for which the compounds may be useful include, but are not limited to, breast, cervical, oral, head, neck or prostate cancer. In some aspects, the compounds are useful for treating tumors by injecting the compounds directly into the tumor, particularly an oral tumor. In other aspects, the compound is administered systemically. The compounds of the present disclosure are also useful for treating pain associated with tumors to which the compounds are administered.
This will occur during either the first or second 6-month intervention time period (order randomly assigned). For the period of time hospitals are randomized into this arm mothers will be attracted to TodaysBaby through direct-to-consumer marketing and sign themselves up using a QR code. These mothers will also receive standard postpartum care.
Background: The use of inhaled hypertonic saline has been extensively documented in asthma, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis and COPD as method of bronchial challenge and sputum induction, but studies that evaluated others endpoints are required. Objective: To analyse the effects of inhaling hypertonic saline compared with placebo with respect to functional exercise capacity, dyspnoea and quality of life. Design and Setting: This was a double-blind randomised parallel placebo-controlled trial, conducted at the Clínicas Integradas of the Evangelical Faculty of Paraná. Methods: sixty-eight patients (age 67 ± 6.5 years; FEV1 38.9 ± 16.2 predicted) were randomised to inhale 3% hypertonic saline (n=34) or placebo (n=34), combined with a program of exercise, three times a week, for 8-weeks. Results: After the 8-weeks the treatment period, both groups showed significant changes in functional exercise capacity (p\<0,001), dyspnoea (p\<0,001) and quality of life. When compared both groups, there was a significant improvement in placebo group in functional exercise capacity (p\<0,001). Conclusion: the present study concluded that inhaling HS reduces the functional capacity, compared to placebo and being associated with the appearance of coughs and bronchial spasms.