anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
For the dose-finding portion of this study, all subjects will receive a combination of L-glutamine, gemcitabine, and nab-paclitaxel which will be preceded by a 1-week (+/- 1 day) administration of L-glutamine. This 1-week administration of L-glutamine will facilitate measurement of baseline and post-glutamine monotherapy plasma metabolite levels prior to addition of gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel. The combination therapy will be administered over 28-day cycles during the treatment period until disease progression, treatment intolerance, or withdrawal from the study. Patients are expected to be on treatment for 12 cycles.
FIELD: medicine, dermatology. SUBSTANCE: agent is made as capsules and comprises fluconazole as active substance and lactose, maize starch, colloidal silicon oxide, magnesium stearate and sodium lauryl sulfate as accessory substances taken in the definite ratio of components. Medicinal agent named as "FLUSOL" is fluconazolebase preparation of domestic industry. Agent provides treatment of sickness of wide spectrum and does not cause pathological alternations in visceral organs in oral intake. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of agent, valuable medicinal properties. 4 tbl
In prodn. of lipid-coated virus particles, the following steps are performed at a neutral or basic pH, (A) a lower halogenated hydrocarbon is dissolved in an aq. virus suspension at a concn. at or near its solubility limit; (B) the resulting prepn. is contacted with a nonionic surfactant agent at the minimal concn. capable of effecting splitting of the viria into heavy fragments for a time which is sufficient to facilitate such splitting; and (C) the heavy fragments thus obtd. are sepd. from the reaction medium. Used in prodn. of vaccines (esp. influenza vaccines) based on immunologically active virus particles. The haemagglutinin and neuraminidase antigens (both of which are required for effective vaccines) are sepd. quantitatively with the lipid-coated virus particles.
The Complex PASC-Related Sleep Disturbances (CPSD) Appendix B combines brief education and a tailored sleep timing prescription for CPSD (referred to as RESET-PASC) with therapies that modify circadian timing for participants who report poor sleep quality. The intervention therapies involve tailored lighting (TL) and melatonin. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of four groups: (a) active TL + oral melatonin, (b) active TL + placebo melatonin, (c) placebo TL + oral melatonin, and (d) placebo TL + placebo melatonin. All groups will receive RESET-PASC. The intervention duration will be 8 weeks.
Bladder cancer is a histologically and clinically heterogenous disease. Most bladder cancers are urothelial carcinomas, which frequently develop distinct histological subtypes. Several urothelial carcinoma histological subtypes, such as micropapillary, plasmacytoid, small-cell carcinoma and sarcomatoid, show highly aggressive behaviour and pose unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Comprehensive genomic characterizations of the urothelial carcinoma subtypes have revealed that they probably arise from a precursor subset of conventional urothelial carcinomas that belong to different molecular subtypes - micropapillary and plasmacytoid subtypes develop along the luminal pathway, whereas small-cell and sarcomatoid subtypes evolve along the basal pathway. The subtypes exhibit distinct genomic alterations, but in most cases their biological properties seem to be primarily determined by specific gene expression profiles, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, urothelial-to-neural lineage plasticity, and immune infiltration with distinct upregulation of immune regulatory genes. These breakthrough studies have transformed our view of bladder cancer histological subtype biology, generated new hypotheses for therapy and chemoresistance, and facilitated the discovery of new therapeutic targets.
Uterine rupture during pregnancy is a complication of placenta percreta. We present the case of a woman in her early 30s with a history of incomplete abortion treated by dilatation and curettage who was admitted with abdominal pain and vomiting at 30 weeks of gestation. She was diagnosed with thrombophilia and was administered anticoagulant drugs. After 10 hours of monitoring, the patient abruptly deteriorated. An emergency cesarean delivery showed a ruptured uterus due to placenta percreta. She accepted localized excision and uterine repair, and recovered well. Rupture of an unscarred uterus due to placental percreta is an extremely rare obstetric complication with high maternal and fetal mortality. This condition should be suspected in all pregnant women who have severe abdominal pain without being in labor. The treatment of uterine rupture due to placental percreta should be individualized, and repair of the uterus is possible in the majority of women.
PURPOSE: Unexpected anesthesia-related complications are among the most feared outcomes of ambulatory surgery. One potential culprit is pseudocholinesterase deficiency, which most commonly presents with protracted apnea, necessitating prolonged mechanical ventilation. We report the first case of pseudocholinesterase deficiency in a Bengali person and the first systematic review of pseudocholinesterase deficiency in ophthalmology. This review analyzed the epidemiology, etiologies, presentation, evaluation, and treatment of pseudocholinesterase deficiency.
METHODS: Searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Medline through August of 2022 for publications related to pseudocholinesterase deficiency in ophthalmology. In total, 689 studies were screened by two independent reviewers with 26 full-text articles examined for inclusion eligibility. Nineteen studies were eligible and included in the final analysis.
RESULTS: Of the 16 identified cases of pseudocholinesterase deficiency, nine (56%) were drug-induced, four (25%) were inherited deficiencies, and in one (6%) of the cases, the cause could not be determined. In two (13%) cases, pseudocholinesterase deficiency could not be confirmed or ruled out. The duration of post-operative apnea ranged from 10 minutes to 14 hours. Continued ventilatory support was the main treatment for all cases and all patients made a full recovery.
CONCLUSIONS: Pseudocholinesterase deficiency is a rare, but potentially fatal, anesthetic complication that results in prolonged apnea, respiratory distress, and dependency on ventilators. Ophthalmologists should remain aware of this condition, especially when planning outpatient procedures, as ambulatory centers may have limited resources for managing prolonged post-operative complications.
PURPOSE: To assess the possible benefits of the use of perceptual learning and dichoptic therapy combined with patching in children with amblyopia over the use of only patching.
METHODS: Quasi-experimental multicentric study including 52 amblyopic children. Patients who improved their visual acuity (VA) by combining spectacles and patching were included in patching group (PG: 20 subjects), whereas those that did not improved with patching performed visual training (perceptual learning + dichoptic therapy) combined with patching, being assigned to the visual treatment group (VT: 32 subjects). Changes in VA, contrast sensitivity (CS), and stereopsis were monitored during a 6-month follow-up in each group.
RESULTS: Significant improvements in VA were found in both groups at 1 month (p < 0.01). The total improvement of VA was 0.18 ± 0.16 and 0.31 ± 0.35 logMAR in PG and VT groups, respectively (p = 0.317). The Wilcoxon effect size was slightly higher in VT (0.48 vs. 0.54) at 6 months. An enhancement in CS was observed in the amblyopic eye of the VT group for all spatial frequencies at 1 month (p < 0.001). Likewise, the binocular function score also increased significantly in VT group (p = 0.002). A prediction equation of VA improvement at 1 month in VT group was obtained by multiple linear regression analysis (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.747).
CONCLUSIONS: A combined treatment of visual training and patching is effective for obtaining a predictable improvement of VA, CS, and binocularity in patching-resistant amblyopic children.
PURPOSE: Postoperative endophthalmitis is a devastating complication, leading to poor visual prognosis. The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence, risk factors, and visual outcome of post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis in Malaysia over a 9-year period (2012-2020).
METHODS: Data from National Eye Database (NED), involving all patients who have undergone cataract surgery from January 2012 until December 2020 were analyzed.
RESULTS: Total number of patients who had undergone cataract surgery between the year 2012 till 2020 were 231,281 patients (267,781 eyes). Incidence of POE in this population was 0.08%. Patient aged 70 and above (p-value 0.047), Malay ethnicity (p-value: 0.009), presence of ischemic heart disease, renal failure, diabetic retinopathy, and poorer preoperative vision were shown to have a higher risk of POE. Cataract surgeries done in KK-KKM, duration more than 45 minutes, use of general anaesthesia, and no IOL or ACIOL implantation were significantly more in POE patients. Multivariate analysis revealed Malay ethnicity, presence of ocular comorbidity, poor preoperative vision, ACIOL, and presence of intra-operative complication were predictive factors for POE.
CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of POE is low in the Malaysian population. Surgeons have to be aware that Malay ethnicity, presence of ocular comorbidity, poor preoperative visual acuity, placement of IOL and complicated cataract operation have higher risk of POE.
To better understand contextual factors among people who identify as women in Alabama that predict STI/HIV infection and PrEP use, we will refine an existing evidence-based mobile health app (HealthMpowerment or HMP) to optimally engage and retain a digital cohort of women at-risk for HIV infection (i.e. prior infection in the past 3 months with gonorrhea or syphilis). Using a sampling strategy based on geospatial analysis of HIV-risk, we will enroll and follow our factors associated with incident STI/HIV infection as well as utilization of PrEP through self-collected STI/HIV testing and survey assessments.
BACKGROUND: Multiple short delirium detection tools have been validated in research studies and implemented in routine care, but there has been little study of these tools in real-world conditions. This systematic review synthesized literature reporting completion rates and/or delirium positive score rates of detection tools in large clinical populations in general hospital settings.
METHODS: PROSPERO (CRD42022385166). Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and gray literature were searched from 1980 to December 31, 2022. Included studies or audit reports used a validated delirium detection tool performed directly with the patient as part of routine care in large clinical populations (n ≥ 1000) within a general acute hospital setting. Narrative synthesis was performed.
RESULTS: Twenty-two research studies and four audit reports were included. Tools used alone or in combination were the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), 4 'A's Test (4AT), Delirium Observation Screening Scale (DOSS), Brief CAM (bCAM), Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (NuDESC), and Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC). Populations and settings varied and tools were used at different stages and frequencies in the patient journey, including on admission only; inpatient, daily or more frequently; on admission and as inpatient; inpatient post-operatively. Tool completion rates ranged from 19% to 100%. Admission positive score rates ranged from: CAM 8%-51%; 4AT 13%-20%. Inpatient positive score rates ranged from: CAM 2%-20%, DOSS 6%-42%, and NuDESC 5-13%. Postoperative positive score rates were 21% and 28% (4AT). All but two studies had moderate-high risk of bias.
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review of delirium detection tool implementation in large acute patient populations found clinically important variability in tool completion rates, and in delirium positive score rates relative to expected delirium prevalence. This study highlights a need for greater reporting and analysis of relevant healthcare systems data. This is vital to advance understanding of effective delirium detection in routine care.
In this pre-post design, Phase-I clinical trial, 18 edentate individuals received a new set of complete denture. Then, following standard procedures, 3 threaded implants (OsseoSpeed TXTM, Dentsply Implants, Mölndal, Sweden) were placed in the mandible in each patient, and locator abutments (Zest Anchors LLC, Escondido, U.S.A.) were inserted on the right and left side implants. The midline implant served as a control for within-patient comparison. The immediate loading was conducted within 24 h of surgery. Data were collected at baseline (T0), 12 (T1) and 24 (T2) months after immediate loading. The clinical outcomes included implant survival rate, crestal bone level changes and implant stability. These criteria were assessed through clinical and radiographic examinations as well as resonance frequency analysis. Patient-centered outcomes included patient satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life measured using validated questionnaires. Brunner-Langer approach was used for statistical analysis.
Most heritable diseases are polygenic. To comprehend the underlying genetic architecture, it is crucial to discover the clinically relevant epistatic interactions (EIs) between genomic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (1-3). Existing statistical computational methods for EI detection are mostly limited to pairs of SNPs due to the combinatorial explosion of higher-order EIs. With NeEDL (network-based epistasis detection via local search), we leverage network medicine to inform the selection of EIs that are an order of magnitude more statistically significant compared to existing tools and consist, on average, of five SNPs. We further show that this computationally demanding task can be substantially accelerated once quantum computing hardware becomes available. We apply NeEDL to eight different diseases and discover genes (affected by EIs of SNPs) that are partly known to affect the disease, additionally, these results are reproducible across independent cohorts. EIs for these eight diseases can be interactively explored in the Epistasis Disease Atlas (https://epistasis-disease-atlas.com). In summary, NeEDL demonstrates the potential of seamlessly integrated quantum computing techniques to accelerate biomedical research. Our network medicine approach detects higher-order EIs with unprecedented statistical and biological evidence, yielding unique insights into polygenic diseases and providing a basis for the development of improved risk scores and combination therapies.
Serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity (anaphylactoid) reactions have been reported in patients on penicillin therapy. Although anaphylaxis is more frequent following parenteral therapy, it has occurred in patients on oral penicillins. These reactions are more apt to occur in individuals with a history of penicillin hypersensitivity and/or a history of sensitivity to multiple allergens.

There have been well-documented reports of individuals with a history of penicillin hypersensitivity reactions who have experienced severe hypersensitivity reactions when treated with a cephalosporin. Before initiating therapy with a penicillin, careful inquiry should be made concerning previous hypersensitivity reactions to penicillins, cephalosporins, and other allergens. If an allergic reaction occurs, the drug should be discontinued and appropriate therapy instituted.

SERIOUS ANAPHYLACTOID REACTIONS REQUIRE IMMEDIATE EMERGENCY TREATMENT WITH EPINEPHRINE, OXYGEN, INTRAVENOUS STEROIDS, AND AIRWAY MANAGEMENT, INCLUDING INTUBATION, SHOULD ALSO BE ADMINISTERED AS INDICATED.

Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including ampicillin for injection, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis. Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of C. difficile. 

C. difficile produces toxins A and B which contribute to the development of CDAD. Hypertoxin producing strains of C. difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy. CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibiotic use. Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over two months after the administration of antibacterial agents. 

If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against C. difficile may need to be discontinued. Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C. difficile, and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated.
Anxiety disorders are among the most common childhood disorders. Although anxiety is a normal part of life and growing up, for some children this anxiety becomes chronic, relentless, and progressively worse if left untreated. Physical symptoms typically accompany the intense anxiety caused by the disorder, and may include blushing, profuse sweating, trembling, nausea, and difficulty talking. Effective treatments for anxiety disorders are available, and research continues to yield new, improved therapies that can help most people with anxiety disorders to lead productive, fulfilling lives. This study will look at similarities and differences in family processes and child temperament among children with and without symptoms of anxiety disorders. Results from this study may improve future treatment of children with anxiety disorders.

Families participating in this observational study will be mailed parent and child questionnaires that should be completed prior to the first study session. The child questionnaires will ask for information regarding the child's feelings and family interactions. Parent questionnaires will ask for information about their own personal feelings as well as the child's feelings, symptoms, and behaviors. Study participation will last 2 days. On the first day of the study, families will undergo a 3-hour diagnostic interview in which questions similar to those found on the questionnaires will be revisited. On the second day, mothers and their children will participate in three different observation tasks that explore how families interact and respond to certain situations. These tasks may include discussing certain anxiety-provoking situations, putting puzzles together, and creating an ending to a story. Before each task, the child will be placed alone in a separate room where the child will be asked to relax. Throughout the tasks, the child's heart rate and breathing will be recorded by a machine. The tasks will be videotaped but will be viewed only by research staff for data analysis purposes and to ensure that all safety procedures were followed. Upon study completion, if it appears that a child has an anxiety disorder, parents of the child will be notified and will receive treatment referrals as needed.
The invention belongs to the field of medicinal preparations. Nimodipine serving as a clinical cerebrovascular medicament is applied for years; however, the nimodipine has the defects of poor water solubility, obvious first pass effect and the like due to the physicochemical property of the nimodipine, which directly influence clinical medicinal effect. The invention provides nimodipine oral fast dissolving tablets and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: preparing a nimodipine solid dispersion with high water solubility from a nimodipine raw material and a hydrophilic carrier by a spray drying process; mixing the solid dispersion and suitable auxiliary materials; and preparing the oral fast dissolving tablets by a direct powder compression method. The preparation process is simple and industrial production is easy to realize. The prepared nimodipine oral fast dissolving tablets can be administrated without water. After being administrated, the nimodipine oral fast dissolving tablets are rapidly dissolved and absorbed in an oral cavity in 30 seconds so as to avoid the first pass effect of the gastrointestinal tract, greatly improve the dissolution rate of the medicament and improve the bioavailability of the medicament.
Adults subjects from Hospitals, Private Practices suffering idiopathic cervical dystonia. BoNT-A injections, 3-4 times yearly.
Record cards of patients presenting with non specific low back pain between January 1st 2020 and December 23rd 2022 were analysed.

All included patients had undergone a full spine X-ray allowing to calculate the pelvic index (PI). Weight status was described in 4 categories, in-line with the WHO definitions; Underweight (boddy mass index (BMI)) \< 18.5 kg/m²; normal weight BMI 18.5 - 24.9 kg/m² , overweight BMI 25 - 29.9 kg/m², and obesity BMI ≥ 30 kg/m². To identify people with increased BMI-values and central (abdominal) fat distribution, we used the waist circumference (WC). The cut-off points of waist measurement that are used are 102 cm and 88 cm for men and women respectively. A high sacral slope (SS) means a greater the lumbar curvature, which results in a dynamic back. Due to the correlation between SS and PI, people with high PI values generally have higher values of SS. Therefore types 1 and 2 have a low-grade PI and types 3 and 4 have a high-grade PI Analysis of 272 patient records, shows that the mean PI is significantly different in the group with a low WC compared with the group with a high WC. BMI and WC show a significant correlation with PI
Corneal thickness measurements are clinically important. Variation in corneal thickness affects the accuracy of applanation tonometry. A meta-analysis by Doughty and Zaman showed that a 10% change in central corneal thickness may result in an approximately 3.4-mmHg change in intraocular pressure.1 Accuracy of corneal thickness measurement is also important in considering eligibility for refractive surgery, and the amount of correction that can safely be performed. Underestimation of corneal thickness may lead to eligible patients being excluded for primary or enhancement refractive procedures. Overestimation may lead to over-ablation and inadvertent thinning of the stroma, thereby increasing the risk of iatrogenic keratectasia. Hence, studies assessing corneal thickness measurements by various instruments are of high clinical relevance.2-9 Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT, OptoVue, U.S.A), Confoscan 4 (CS-4, Nidek, USA) and ocular response analyzer (ORA, Reichert, USA) are non-invasive medical devices that have recently received FDA approval for measurement of the cornea thickness. However, the repeatability and reproducibility of these instruments remains unproven in the clinical settings. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe agreement, repeatability and reproducibility in corneal pachymetric mapping between FD-OCT, ORA, CS-4 and conventional ultrasound (US), which has been the current reference corneal pachymetric mapping system for the majority of refractive surgeons.