anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by bi-allelic pathogenic variants in CYP27A1 gene that results in the deposition of cholestanol in the eyes, tendons, soft tissues and nervous system leading to cataracts, xanthomas, and various neuropsychiatric manifestations. The aim of our study is to describe the clinical, radiological and genetic profile of patients with CTX.
METHODS: This is a retrospective chart review of patients with CTX diagnosed based on classical clinical and radiological findings. The available clinical details, and investigations, including imaging, electrophysiological, pathological and genetic data, were documented.
RESULTS: Five patients (4 males) were recruited in the study. The median age at presentation was 32 years (range: 21-66 years). Walking difficulty was the most common symptom at presentation. All patients had cataracts, tendon xanthomas, eye movement abnormalities, dysarthria, pyramidal signs, ataxia and gait abnormality. Dystonia was noted in three patients. Palatal tremor and parkinsonism were noted in one patient each. In MRI brain, dentate, and corticospinal tract involvement were the most frequent imaging findings. Bilateral hypertrophic olivary degeneration was noted in one patient and hot cross bun sign in two. Three patients underwent genetic testing and all had pathogenic variants confirming the diagnosis.
DISCUSSION: CTX is a rare treatable disorder. Apart from the usual neurological presentation with spastic-ataxia, it can present at a later age with parkinsonism. Typical patterns of imaging findings are helpful in early diagnosis which aids in the treatment to prevent the neurological sequelae of the disease.
Cognitive Training: Psychological group intervention with 3 sessions of 60 min. The content is paper-and-pencil based cognitive training of memory and attention functions.
The concentration of sevoflurane required for maintenance of general anesthesia is age-dependent (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION). Sevoflurane or halothane was used to anesthetize 1620 pediatric patients aged 1 day to 18 years, and ASA physical status I or II (948 sevoflurane, 672 halothane). In one study involving 90 infants and children, there were no clinically significant decreases in heart rate compared to awake values at 1 MAC. Systolic blood pressure decreased 15 to 20% in comparison to awake values following administration of 1 MAC sevoflurane; however, clinically significant hypotension requiring immediate intervention did not occur. Overall incidences of bradycardia [more than 20 beats/min lower than normal (80 beats/min)] in comparative studies were 3% for sevoflurane and 7% for halothane. Patients who received sevoflurane had slightly faster emergence times (12 vs. 19 minutes), and a higher incidence of post-anesthesia agitation (14% vs. 10%).

Sevoflurane (n=91) was compared to halothane (n=89) in a single-center study for elective repair or palliation of congenital heart disease. The patients ranged in age from 9 days to 11.8 years with an ASA physical status of II, III, and IV (18%, 68%, and 13% respectively). No significant differences were demonstrated between treatment groups with respect to the primary outcome measures: cardiovascular decompensation and severe arterial desaturation. Adverse event data was limited to the study outcome variables collected during surgery and before institution of cardiopulmonary bypass.

### Mask Induction

Sevoflurane has a nonpungent odor and is suitable for mask induction in pediatric patients. In controlled pediatric studies in which mask induction was performed, the incidence of induction events is shown below (see ADVERSE REACTIONS).

### Ambulatory Surgery

Sevoflurane (n=518) was compared to halothane (n=382) for the maintenance of anesthesia in pediatric outpatients. All patients received N2O and many received fentanyl, midazolam, bupivacaine, or lidocaine. The time to eligibility for discharge from post-anesthesia care units was similar between agents (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, ADVERSE REACTIONS).
The efficacy of GONAL-F administered concomitantly with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for induction of spermatogenesis in men with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism was established in three open-label, uncontrolled, non-randomized, multi-center, multi-national, escalating dose clinical trials (Trials 1, 2 and 3) conducted in 78 adult men (aged 16 to 48 years) with primary or secondary hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (defined as serum testosterone <100 ng/mL and low or normal FSH and LH) and azoospermia (sperm concentration <0.1×106/mL). Men were required at study entry to have normal serum cortisol and prolactin levels and be euthyroid. Men less than 21 years of age were required to have either confirmed anosmia or documented bone age >15 years to be eligible for study participation. Enrolled men received three to six months of pretreatment with hCG injection to normalize serum testosterone levels, followed by 18 months of treatment with GONAL-F and hCG.

Of the 78 men enrolled in the trials, 63 men were treated with GONAL-F and hCG.

Characteristics of the trial populations are shown in Table 7.

The primary efficacy measure in all trials was the proportion of men achieving a sperm density ≥ 1.5 × 106/mL during treatment with Gonal-F. Pregnancy (clinical and chemical) in partners of men desiring fertility was a secondary endpoint. Efficacy results in men who received at least one dose of Gonal-F and had at least one follow-up assessment are summarized in Table 8 and Table 9. 

The time to achievement of sperm density ≥1.5 × 106/mL is summarized in Table 10.
The invention provides an application of sika deer antler in treating II diabetes. Animal models are processed by the following steps: feeding ICR healthy mice with common feed for one week, then feeding the mice with feed rich in fat, making mice gain weights, and injecting STZ into the abdominal cavity of the mice so as to obtain II diabetes models. After the models are obtained successfully, the models are divided into four groups randomly, namely a model group, a positive (metformin) group, an antler low-dosage group, and a antler high-dosage group; and each group comprises 10 mice, which are fed with feed rich in fat until the experiment is over. The antler fine power (180 meshes) is suspended by a CMC-Na solution (0.5%). The rats in the blank group and model group are subjected to gavage by a CMC-Na solution (0.5%). For the positive group, the gavage dosage is 250 mg/kg, for the antler low-dosage group, the gavage dosage is 0.15 g/kg, and for the antler high-dosage group, the gavage dosage is 0.3 g/kg. The experiment results show that antler is capable of reducing blood sugar, improving glucose tolerance, reducing triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and preventing and treating II diabetes.
In 2-year carcinogenicity studies in mice and rats, stavudine was noncarcinogenic at doses which produced exposures (AUC) 39 and 168 times, respectively, human exposure at the recommended clinical dose. Benign and malignant liver tumors in mice and rats and malignant urinary bladder tumors in male rats occurred at levels of exposure 250 (mice) and 732 (rats) times human exposure at the recommended clinical dose. 

Stavudine was not mutagenic in the Ames, E. coli reverse mutation, or the CHO/HGPRT mammalian cell forward gene mutation assays, with and without metabolic activation. Stavudine produced positive results in the in vitro human lymphocyte clastogenesis and mouse fibroblast assays, and in the in vivo mouse micronucleus test. In the in vitro assays, stavudine elevated the frequency of chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes (concentrations of 25 to 250 mcg/mL, without metabolic activation) and increased the frequency of transformed foci in mouse fibroblast cells (concentrations of 25 to 2500 mcg/mL, with and without metabolic activation). In the in vivo micronucleus assay, stavudine was clastogenic in bone marrow cells following oral stavudine administration to mice at dosages of 600 to 2000 mg/kg/day for 3 days. 

No evidence of impaired fertility was seen in rats with exposures (based on Cmax) up to 216 times that observed following a clinical dosage of 1 mg/kg/day.
As with other antibacterial drugs, prolonged use of Imipenem and Cilastatin for Injection (I.V.) may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms. Repeated evaluation of the patient's condition is essential. If superinfection occurs during therapy, appropriate measures should be taken. 

Prescribing Imipenem and Cilastatin for Injection (I.V.) in the absence of a proven or strongly suspected bacterial infection or a prophylactic indication is unlikely to provide benefit to the patient and increases the risk of the development of drug-resistant bacteria.
Ketorolac Tromethamine one 15.75 mg spray in each nostril for a total dose of 31.5 mg which can be repeated every 6-8 hrs. as needed for pain with a maximum daily dose of 126 mg. The treatment may be continued for up to 5 days.
In group T, mTLIP block will be performed. US probe will be placed vertically at the L3 vertebrae level. After visualizing the hyperechoic shadow of the spinous process and interspinous muscles as an anatomical guide point, the probe will be moved forward to the lateral to visualize the longissimus and iliocostal muscles. Between these muscles, block needle will be inserted within in plane technique in a medial-to-lateral direction in the interfascial plane. Once the needle tip will be placed within the interfacial plane and after careful aspiration to rule out intravascular needle placement, 2 mL of saline will be injected to confirm the proper injection site, and then a dose of 0.25% bupivacaine 20 mL will be injected in each side (total 40 mL).
It has been found according to the invention that spores can be killed with bispyridiniumalkanes. The invention relates, according to a first aspect, to the use of bispyridiniumalkanes for killing spores. According to a second aspect, the invention relates to bispyridiniumalkanes for use for killing spores. According to a third aspect, the invention relates to a disinfectant which comprises one or more bispyridiniumalkanes for use for killing spores. In a fourth aspect, the invention relates to a disinfectant which comprises one or more bispyridiniumalkanes for killing spores. According to a fifth aspect, the invention relates to the use of bispyridiniumalkanes in the production of a disinfectant for preventing contamination of the disinfectant with spores. In all embodiments of the invention, octenidine dihydrochloride is preferred as bispyridiniumalkane. If the disinfectant comprises alcohol, then the presence of one or more aromatic alcohols is obligatorily prescribed.
BACKGROUND: Surgeries for treating pelvic organ prolapse involving the utilization of synthetic mesh have been associated with complications such as mesh erosion, postoperative pain, and dyspareunia. This work aimed to reduce the surgical implantation-associated complications by nanofibrous membranes on the surface of the polypropylene mesh. The nanofiber of the nanofibrous membrane, which was fabricated by co-axial electrospinning, was composed of polyurethane as fiber core and gelatin as the fiber out layer. The biocompatibility of the modified mesh was evaluated in vitro by cell proliferation assay, immunofluorescence stain, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and mRNA sequencing. Polypropylene mesh and modified mesh were implanted in a rat pelvic organ prolapse model. Mesh-associated complications were documented. HE and Picro-Sirius red staining, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting were conducted to assess the interactions between the modified mesh and vaginal tissues.
RESULTS: The modified mesh significantly enhanced the proliferation of fibroblasts and exerted a positive regulatory effect on the extracellular matrix anabolism in vitro. When evaluated in vivo, no instances of mesh exposure were observed in the modified mesh group. The modified mesh maintained a relatively stable histological position without penetrating the muscle layer or breaching the epidermis. The collagen content in the vaginal wall of rats with modified mesh was significantly higher, and the collagen I/III ratio was lower, indicating better tissue elasticity. The expression of metalloproteinase was decreased while the expression levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase were increased in the modified mesh group, suggesting an inhibition of collagen catabolism. The expression of TGF-β1 and the phosphorylation levels of Smad3, p38 and ERK1/2 were significantly increased in the modified mesh group. NM significantly improved the biocompatibility of PP mesh, as evidenced by a reduction in macrophage count, decreased expression levels of TNF-α, and an increase in microvascular density.
CONCLUSIONS: The nanofibrous membrane-coated PP mesh effectively reduced the surgical implantation complications by inhibiting the catabolism of collagen in tissues and improving the biocampibility of PP mesh. The incorporation of co-axial fibers composed of polyurethane and gelatin with polypropylene mesh holds promise for the development of enhanced surgical materials for pelvic organ prolapse in clinical applications.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of herniation of cartilaginous endplates on postoperative pain and functional recovery in patients undergoing percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) for lumbar disc herniation (LDH).
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 126 patients with LDH treated with PELD at the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2021 to January 2022. Whether cartilaginous endplates had herniated was identified by analyzing these specific findings from MRI scans: posterior marginal nodes, posterior osteophytes, mid endplate irregularities, heterogeneous low signal intensity of extruded material, and Modic changes in posterior corners and mid endplates. Patients were assessed for postoperative pain using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and functional recovery using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Modified MacNab criteria. Statistical analyses compared outcomes based on the presence of herniation of cartilaginous endplates.
RESULTS: Patients with herniation of cartilaginous endplates experienced higher pain scores early postoperatively but showed significant improvement in pain and functional status over the long term. The back pain VAS scores showed significant differences between the groups with and without herniation of cartilaginous endplates on postoperative day 1 and 1 month (P < 0.05). Leg pain VAS scores showed significant differences on postoperative day 1 (P < 0.05). Modic changes were significantly associated with variations in postoperative recovery, highlighting their importance in predicting patient outcomes. In patients with herniation of cartilaginous endplates, there were statistically significant differences in the back pain VAS scores at 1 month postoperatively and the ODI functional scores on postoperative day 1 between the groups with and without Modic changes (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the surgical outcomes between patients with and without these conditions regarding the Modified MacNab criteria (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Herniation of cartilaginous endplates significantly affect early postoperative pain and functional recovery in LDH patients undergoing PELD. These findings emphasize the need for clinical consideration of these imaging features in the preoperative planning and postoperative management to enhance patient outcomes and satisfaction.
BACKGROUND: Salt sensitivity of blood pressure (SSBP), characterized by acute changes in blood pressure with changes in dietary sodium intake, is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality in people with and without hypertension. We previously found that elevated sodium concentration activates antigen-presenting cells (APCs), resulting in high blood pressure, but the mechanisms are unknown. Here, we hypothesized that APC-specific JAK2 (Janus kinase 2) through STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) and SMAD3 (small mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3) contributes to SSBP.
METHODS: We performed bulk or single-cell transcriptomic analyses following in vitro monocytes exposed to high salt and in vivo high sodium treatment in humans using a rigorous salt-loading/depletion protocol to phenotype SSBP. We also used a myeloid cell-specific CD11c+ JAK2 knockout mouse model and measured blood pressure with radiotelemetry after N-omega-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester and a high salt diet treatment. We used flow cytometry for immunophenotyping and measuring cytokine levels. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were performed to spatially visualize the kidney's immune cells and cytokine levels. Echocardiography was performed to assess cardiac function.
RESULTS: We found that high salt treatment upregulates gene expression of the JAK/STAT/SMAD pathway while downregulating inhibitors of this pathway, such as suppression of cytokine signaling and cytokine-inducible SH2, in human monocytes. Expression of the JAK2 pathway genes mirrored changes in blood pressure after salt loading and depletion in salt-sensitive but not salt-resistant humans. Ablation of JAK2, specifically in CD11c+ APCs, attenuated salt-induced hypertension in mice with SSBP. Mechanistically, we found that SMAD3 acted downstream of JAK2 and STAT3, leading to increased production of highly reactive isolevuglandins and proinflammatory cytokine IL (interleukin)-6 in renal APCs, which activate T cells and increase production of IL-17A, IL-6, and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal the APC JAK2 signaling pathway as a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of SSBP in humans.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating neurodegenerative condition leading to progressive muscle weakness, atrophy, and ultimately death. Traditional ALS clinical evaluations often depend on subjective metrics, making accurate disease detection and monitoring disease trajectory challenging. To address these limitations, we developed the nQiALS toolkit, a machine learning-powered system that leverages smartphone typing dynamics to detect and track motor impairment in people with ALS. The study included 63 ALS patients and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. We introduce the three core components of this toolkit: the nQiALS-Detection, which differentiated ALS from healthy typing patterns with an AUC of 0.89; the nQiALS-Progression, which separated slow and fast progression at specific thresholds with AUCs ranging between 0.65 and 0.8; and the nQiALS-Fine Motor, which identified subtle progression in fine motor dysfunction, suggesting earlier prediction than the state-of-the-art assessment. Together, these tools represent an innovative approach to ALS assessment, offering a complementary, objective metric to traditional clinical methods and which may reshape our understanding and monitoring of ALS progression.
While schools have become settings for the delivery of mental health supports to students, mental health nursing has not yet described its practice in schools. In the absence of this mental health nursing literature, a quantitative self-reporting job analysis methodology was used to describe the tasks of mental health nursing in a specialist school as an observant-participator in a single-case holistic case study. Additional aims were to compare the results with the general school nursing and the disability nursing literatures and interpret these findings for mental health nursing. Categories of tasks from general school nursing were used to deductively interpret the results. Tasks were recorded across all categories of school nursing. The greatest number of tasks were recorded in the professional performance category, followed by planning, then personnel. The least number of tasks were recorded in the health education and promotion category, followed by practice and treatments, assessment and diagnosis, and management. These results differ from tasks in general school nursing but share similarities with intellectual and developmental disability nursing, particularly related to relationships and communication. Practising effectively as a mental health nurse in a specialist school requires capabilities for working with people with disability, particularly communicating and establishing relationships, in addition to clinical mental health skills. Mental health nursing in schools is an area of practice that requires further exploration to capitalise on emerging policy developments to support student mental health.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: lowland sedge-Hypnum peat is frozen out before extraction at -20 C, extraction is carried out at the ratio raw : extractant = 1:(5-20). After filtration extract is evaporated up to 1/5 volume at 70 C under residual pressure 0.5-0.7 kg/cm. Concentrate is purified with chloroform at the ratio 1:1, impurities were precipitated from refined concentrate by ethanol treatment at the ratio 1:3. Aqueous-spirituous extract is evaporated repeatedly under residual pressure 0.5-0.7 kg/cm and dried at 40-50 C under pressure 0.6 kg/cm. EFFECT: increased specific activity of the end product.
Patients receive midostaurin orally (PO) twice daily on days 1-14 and bortezomib intravenously (IV) on days 1, 4, 8, and 11. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 3 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a globally important food crop, which was domesticated about 8-10,000 years ago. Bread wheat is an allopolyploid, and it evolved from two hybridization events of three species. To widen the genetic base in breeding, bread wheat has been re-synthesized by crossing durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) and goat grass (Aegilops tauschii Coss), leading to so-called synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW). We applied the quantitative genetics tools of "hybrid prediction"-originally developed for the prediction of wheat hybrids generated from different heterotic groups - to a situation of allopolyploidization. Our use-case predicts the phenotypes of SHW for three quantitatively inherited global wheat diseases, namely tan spot (TS), septoria nodorum blotch (SNB), and spot blotch (SB). Our results revealed prediction abilities comparable to studies in 'traditional' elite or hybrid wheat. Prediction abilities were highest using a marker model and performing random cross-validation, predicting the performance of untested SHW (0.483 for SB to 0.730 for TS). When testing parents not necessarily used in SHW, combination prediction abilities were slightly lower (0.378 for SB to 0.718 for TS), yet still promising. Despite the limited phenotypic data, our results provide a general example for predictive models targeting an allopolyploidization event and a method that can guide the use of genetic resources available in gene banks.
Postoperative immobilization with cast in 3 weeks followed by Air Stirrup in 3 weeks. Early range of motion after 3 weeks postoperative.
Pulmonary rehabilitation program will be applied 3 days a week at 40-60% of submaximal heart rate for a total of 8 weeks. Diaphragmatic breathing, pursed lips and segmental breathing exercises will be applied to the patients in the presence of a physiotherapist. Walking and aerobic exercise training will be given.