anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Complications are associated with postoperative mortality and readmission. However, the timing of complications relative to discharge and the extent to which timing is associated with failure to rescue (FTR) and readmission after pediatric surgery is unknown. Our goal was to describe the timing of complications relative to discharge after inpatient pediatric surgery and determine the association between complication timing, FTR, and unplanned readmission.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: National cohort study of patients within the NSQIP-Pediatric database who underwent inpatient surgery (2012-2019). Complications were categorized based on when they occurred relative to discharge: only pre-discharge, only post-discharge, both. The association between perioperative outcomes and the timing of postoperative complications was evaluated with multivariable hierarchical regression.
RESULTS: Among 378,551 patients, 30,213 (8.0%) had at least one postoperative complication. Relative to patients with pre-discharge complications, post-discharge complications were associated with significantly decreased odds of FTR (odds ratio 0.21, 95% confidence interval [0.15-0.28]) and significantly increased odds of readmission (odds ratio 19.37 [17.93-20.92]). Odds of FTR and readmission in patients with complications occurring both before and after discharge were similar to that of patients with only post-discharge complications.
CONCLUSIONS: FTR and readmission are associated with complications occurring at different times relative to discharge (FTR primarily pre-discharge; readmission primarily post-discharge). This suggests a 'one size fits all' approach to surgical quality improvement may not be effective and different approaches are needed to address different quality indicators.
A composition of a drug carrier, a pharmaceutical composition thereof, a preparation method and a use method thereof are provided. The composition of a drug carrier includes a first mixture and a second mixture. The first mixture includes a hydrophilic polymer, tricalcium phosphate and a water-soluble dispersant. The second mixture includes a water-absorbing material and a divalent cation salt. The pharmaceutical composition includes the composition of a drug carrier above and a drug for preparing an anti-inflammatory or antibiotic medicine. The preparation method of the composition of a drug carrier includes mixing the first mixture and the second mixture. The use method of the composition of a drug carrier includes mixing the first mixture with a drug and then adding the second mixture. Accordingly, topically applying the pharmaceutical composition on a surgical site may effectively release the drug thereon.
Dopamine agonists, in clinical studies and clinical experience, appear to impair the systemic regulation of blood pressure, with resulting orthostatic hypotension, especially during dose escalation. Parkinson's disease patients, in addition, appear to have an impaired capacity to respond to an orthostatic challenge. For these reasons, both Parkinson's disease patients and RLS patients being treated with dopaminergic agonists ordinarily require careful monitoring for signs and symptoms of orthostatic hypotension, especially during dose escalation, and should be informed of this risk. 

In clinical trials of pramipexole, however, and despite clear orthostatic effects in normal volunteers, the reported incidence of clinically significant orthostatic hypotension was not greater among those assigned to pramipexole tablets than among those assigned to placebo. This result, especially with the higher doses used in Parkinson’s disease, is clearly unexpected in light of the previous experience with the risks of dopamine agonist therapy. 

While this finding could reflect a unique property of pramipexole, it might also be explained by the conditions of the study and the nature of the population enrolled in the clinical trials. Patients were very carefully titrated, and patients with active cardiovascular disease or significant orthostatic hypotension at baseline were excluded. Also, clinical trials in patients with RLS did not incorporate orthostatic challenges with intensive blood pressure monitoring done in close temporal proximity to dosing.
Inflammation is thought to contribute to the etiology of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). It is well-known that disruption in metabolism in immune cells contributes to inflammation in several inflammatory diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether cellular bioenergetics is altered in monocytes and lymphocytes from women with IC/BPS, and if these alterations correlate with systemic inflammatory markers. Age and BMI matched adult healthy women (HS; n = 18) and women with IC/BPS (n = 18) were included in the study. Blood was collected to assess cellular bioenergetics in monocytes and lymphocytes using a Seahorse XF96 Analyzer and plasma cytokine levels were measured using Meso Scale Discovery immunoassays. The correlation between bioenergetic parameters, cytokines, and demographics was determined using Pearson correlation coefficients. Means of the two groups were compared using the two-group t-test. Patients with IC/BPS had reduced monocyte oxygen consumption rates and glycolytic rates compared to healthy subjects. In contrast, lymphocytes from these patients had increased oxygen consumption rates and glycolytic rates. Several cytokines and chemokines including Interferon-gamma (IFN-ɣ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-ɑ), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were significantly elevated in the plasma of patients with IC/BPS. However, Transforming growth factor (TGF-β) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were significantly decreased in IC/BPS patients compared to HS. In addition, Interferon gamma (IFN-ɣ), TNF-ɑ, IL-8, and TGF-β levels correlated with several bioenergetic parameters in monocytes or lymphocytes from healthy subjects. In contrast, TNF-ɑ and IL-8 correlated with bioenergetic parameters in monocytes from IC/BPS patients. Monocyte and lymphocyte cellular bioenergetics and plasma cytokine levels are different in patients with IC/PBS compared to HS. It appears that systemic inflammation is greater in this cohort which may negatively impact immune cell function. The relationship between cellular bioenergetics and inflammation in monocytes and lymphocytes could be important in understanding the pathogenesis of IC/PBS and warrants further investigation.
Methods and compositions are provided for enhancing the bioadhesive properties of polymers used in drug delivery devices. The bioadhesive properties of a polymer are enhanced by incorporating a metal compound into the polymer to enhance the ability of the polymer to adhere to a tissue surface such as a mucosal membrane. Metal compounds which enhance the bioadhesive properties of a polymer include water-insoluble metal compounds such as water-insoluble metal oxides, including oxides of calcium, iron, copper and zinc. The metal compounds can be incorporated within a wide range of polymers including proteins, polysaccharides and synthetic biocompatible polymers. In one embodiment, metal oxides can be incorporated within polymers used to form or coat drug delivery devices, such as microspheres, which contain a drug or diagnostic agent. The metal oxides can be provided in the form of a fine dispersion of particles on the surface of a polymer that coats or forms the devices, which enhances the ability of the devices to bind to mucosal membranes. The polymers, for example in the form of microspheres, have improved ability to adhere to mucosal membranes, and thus can be used to deliver a drug or diagnostic agent via any of a range of mucosal membrane surfaces including those of the gastrointestinal, respiratory, excretory and reproductive tracts.
Lung cancer has been one of the most serious life-threatening diseases of human society. It has the highest morbidity and mortality worldwide among all the malignant tumors. Due to the popularization of low-dose CT and other means of examination, more and more patients with lung cancer are detected in the early phase of disease. Anatomical segmentectomy is one of the standard surgical procedures for these small pulmonary nodules or ground glass opacity (GGO), which are clinically highly suspected or puncture confirmed early lung cancer lesions. Dissection of the intersegmental plane in segmentectomy is a difficulty that have puzzled thoracic surgeons for decades because of the complicated anatomic relationship and variations, along with lack of boundary between pulmonary segments. There are two main approaches in the dissection of intersegmental plane: stapling devices and energy instrument separation. However, only a few retrospective studies focused on the perioperative outcomes of these two approaches in segmentectomy, not to mention in robot assisted segmentectomy, and there has been no definitive conclusion about which method is better. So the investigators want to conduct a prospective study, trying to figure out this problem.

The investigators set incidence rate of postoperative complications as their primary endpoint. According to their calculation, a total of 136 patients will be enrolled (each group has 68 patients).
NEW MATERIAL:An oxathiincarboxylic acid of the formula, a salt or ester thereof. USE:An agent, having an inhibitory action on enzymes for synthesizing prostaglandins, and useful for treating the muscular pain, lumbago, arthritis, etc. of mammals as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent. PROCESS:A microorganism, e.g. Penicillium thomii, belonging to the genus Penicillium specifically Penicillium thomii IFO7984, and having the ability to produce oxathiincarboxylic acid of the formula is cultivated in a culture medium to produce the above-mentioned oxathiincarboxylic acid, which is if necessary converted into a salt thereof or esterified and collected to give the compound of the formula. The cultivation temperature is about 20-35 deg.C, and the cultivation period is about 1-10 days. The pH of the culture medium is preferably kept at about 4-9.
Part 1: Safety run-in: SAR443579 treatment will begin with an identified starting dose. Safety run-in will proceed according to the incidence of DLTs.
Hyperphosphatemia is an important risk factor affecting long-term survival in patients with hemodialysis. Nicotinic acids, as well as its metabolites nicotinamide, were found to inhibit the sodium-phosphorus co-transporter on animal intestines. Several studies from other countries demonstrated that nicotinamide can reduce blood phosphorus levels in end-stage kidney disease patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of nicotinic acids on hyperphosphatemia in hemodialysis patients of ethnic Han live in China. The study is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. Eligible patients will be randomized to 6 wk of nicotinic acids or calcium carbonate. After a 2-wk washout period, patients switched to 6 wk of the alternative therapy. The primary measurement is the change in serum phosphorus during the whole term of each arm. Statistical analysis will be performed using two-sample paired-group t test.The significance level of the analysis was set to 0.05. All other adverse reactions will be analysed and reported, if there.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review novel experimental approaches for studying host:microbe interactions and their role in intestinal and systemic inflammation in people living with HIV (PLWH).
RECENT FINDINGS: Inflammation in PLWH is impacted by interactions between the microbiome, the intestinal epithelium, and immune cells. This complex interplay is not fully understood and requires a variety of analytical techniques to study. Using a multiomic systems biology approach provides hypothesis generating data on host:microbe interactions that can be used to guide further investigation. The direct interactions between host cells and microbes can be elucidated using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC's) or human intestinal organoids (HIO). Additionally, the broader relationship between the host and the microbiome can be explored using animal models such as nonhuman primates and germ-free and double humanized mice.
SUMMARY: To explore complex host:microbe relationships, hypotheses are generated and investigations are guided by multiomic data, while causal components are identified using in-vitro and in-vivo assays.
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe hemorrhagic stroke and induces severe secondary neurological injury. However, its pathogenesis remains to be explored. The present work investigates the role of glutathione S-transferase omega 2 (GSTO2) in ICH and the underlying mechanism. Human neuroblastoma cells (SK-N-SH) were stimulated using hemin to mimic ICH-like injury. Protein expression levels of GSTO2 and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) were detected by western blot analysis assay. Cell viability was assessed by cell counting kit-8 assay. Cell proliferation was investigated by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assay. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Fe2+ colorimetric assay kit was used to detect Fe2+ level. A cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay kit was used to detect ROS levels. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was assessed using the MDA content assay kit. GSH level was quantified using the GSH assay kit. Co-immunoprecipitation assay was performed to identify the association between GSTO2 and GPX4. Hemin stimulation suppressed SK-N-SH cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis, cell inflammation, ferroptosis, and oxidative stress. GSTO2 expression was downregulated in hemin-treated SK-N-SH cells in comparison with the control group. In addition, ectopic GSTO2 expression counteracted hemin-induced inhibitory effect on cell proliferation and promoting effects on cell apoptosis, inflammation, ferroptosis, and oxidative stress. Moreover, GSTO2 was associated with GPX4 in SK-N-SH cells. GPX4 silencing attenuated GSTO2 overexpression-induced effects on hemin-stimulated SK-N-SH cell injury. GSTO2 ameliorated SK-N-SH cell apoptosis, inflammation, ferroptosis, and oxidative stress by upregulating GPX4 expression in ICH, providing a therapeutic strategy for ICH.
Participants in the study will come to the study site for 3 study visits. Each visit will take most of the day. Each visit will include a series of evaluations to determine how the person is affected by myotonic dystrophy. The results from the initial study visit will be compared to the second study visit after 3 months and the third study visit after 1 year. A small needle biopsy of a leg muscle will be performed at the first and second study visits (but not at the third visit). After the second study visit, participants will be asked to make a phone call every day for 30 days to report their symptoms and muscle strength (grip strength).
Atenolol is excreted in human breast milk at a ratio of 1.5 to 6.8 when compared to the concentration in plasma. Caution should be exercised when atenolol is administered to a nursing woman. Clinically significant bradycardia has been reported in breast-fed infants. Premature infants, or infants with impaired renal function, may be more likely to develop adverse effects.   
  
Neonates born to mothers who are receiving atenolol at parturition or breastfeeding may be at risk for hypoglycemia and bradycardia. Caution should be exercised when atenolol is administered during pregnancy or to a woman who is breastfeeding (see WARNINGS, Pregnancy and Fetal Injury).
Carefully consider the potential benefits and risks of naproxen delayed-release tablets and other treatment options before deciding to use naproxen delayed-release tablets. Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration consistent with individual patient treatment goals. [see Warnings and Precautions (5)].

After observing the response to initial therapy with naproxen delayed-release tablets, the dose and frequency should be adjusted to suit an individual patient’s needs.

To maintain the integrity of the enteric coating, the naproxen delayed-release tablet should not be broken, crushed or chewed during ingestion.

Naproxen-containing products such as naproxen delayed-release tablets and other naproxen products should not be used concomitantly since they all circulate in the plasma as the naproxen anion.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Not recommended for use in pediatric patients less than 2 months of age. Urinary Tract Infections and Shigellosis in Adults and Pediatric Patients, and Acute Otitis Media in Children Adults: The usual adult dosage in the treatment of urinary tract infections is 1 sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim DS (double strength) tablet every 12 hours for 10 to 14 days. An identical daily dosage is used for 5 days in the treatment of shigellosis. Children: The recommended dose for children with urinary tract infections or acute otitis media is 40 mg/kg sulfamethoxazole and 8 mg/kg trimethoprim per 24 hours, given in two divided doses every 12 hours for 10 days. An identical daily dosage is used for 5 days in the treatment of shigellosis. The following table is a guideline for the attainment of this dosage: Children 2 months of age and older: Weight Dose – every 12 hours lb kg Tablets 22 10 - 44 20 1 66 30 1 ½ 88 40 2 or 1 DS tablet For Patients with Impaired Renal Function When renal function is impaired, a reduced dosage should be employed using the following table: Creatinine Clearance (mL/min) Recommended Dosage Regimen Above 30 Usual standard regimen 15-30 1/2 the usual regimen Below 15 Use not recommended Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis in Adults The usual adult dosage in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis is 1 sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim double strength tablet or 2 sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim tablets every 12 hours for 14 days. Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia Treatment: Adults and Children: The recommended dosage for patients with documented Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is 75 to 100 mg/kg sulfamethoxazole and 15 to 20 mg/kg trimethoprim per 24 hours given in equally divided doses every 6 hours for 14 to 21 days11. The following table is a guideline for the upper limit of this dosage. Weight Dose – every 6 hours lb kg Tablets 18 8 - 35 16 1 53 24 1 ½ 70 32 2 or 1 DS tablet 88 40 2 ½ 106 48 3 or 1 ½ DS tablets 141 64 4 or 2 DS tablets 176 80 5 or 2 ½ DS tablets For the lower limit dose (75 mg/kg sulfamethoxazole and 15 mg/kg trimethoprim per 24 hours) administer 75% of the dose in the above table. Prophylaxis Adults The recommended dosage for prophylaxis in adults is 1 sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim DS (double strength) tablet daily12 Children For children, the recommended dose is 750 mg/m2/day sulfamethoxazole with 150 mg/m2/day trimethoprim given orally in equally divided doses twice a day, on 3 consecutive days per week. The total daily dose should not exceed 1600 mg sulfamethoxazole and 320 mg trimethoprim13 The following table is a guideline for the attainment of this dosage in children: Body Surface Area Dose – every 12 hours (m2) Tablets 0.26 - 0.53 ½ 1.06 1 Traveler’s Diarrhea in Adults For the treatment of traveler’s diarrhea, the usual adult dosage is 1 sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim DS (double strength) tablet or 2 sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim tablets every 12 hours for 5 days.
INTRODUCTION: People with chronic conditions and people with colorectal cancer (CRC) may share common risk factors; thus, CRC screening is important for people with chronic conditions. We examined racial and ethnic differences in the use of CRC screening among people with various numbers of chronic conditions.
METHODS: We included data on adult respondents aged 50 to 75 years from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System in 2012 through 2020. We categorized counts of 9 conditions as 0, 1, 2, 3, and ≥4. We classified self-reported CRC screening status as up to date or not. We used Poisson models to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) among the different counts of chronic conditions in 4 racial and ethnic groups: Hispanic adults with limited English proficiency (LEP), Hispanic adults without LEP, non-Hispanic Black adults, and non-Hispanic White adults.
RESULTS: Overall, 66.5% of respondents were up to date with CRC screening. The prevalence of being up to date increased with the number of chronic conditions. We found disparities among racial and ethnic groups. Hispanic respondents with LEP had lower rates than non-Hispanic White adults of being up to date with CRC screening across all counts of chronic conditions (APR for 0 conditions = 0.67; 95% CI, 0.64-0.71; APR for ≥4 conditions = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.79-0.91). Hispanic respondents without LEP with 0, 1, or 2 conditions were less likely than non-Hispanic White respondents to be up to date with CRC screening. We found no significant differences between non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White respondents.
CONCLUSION: We found disparities among Hispanic BRFSS respondents with LEP, who had lower rates than non-Hispanic White respondents of being up to date with CRC screening, regardless of the number of chronic conditions. Tailored interventions are needed to address these disparities and improve screening rates, particularly among Hispanic people.
Upon receiving the letter families that selected not to participate or who decline to participate will be invited to take part in the research study as comparison participants. Comparison participants do not attend the FL/CP sessions and only complete the pre, post and 1 year post tests.
The present invention is directed to the production of PKC isozyme epsilon (PKCepsilon)-deficient cells and non-human animals. The present invention is further directed to the identification of PKCepsilon as a target for drugs that reduce anxiety. According to the present invention, PKCepsilon-inhibiting compounds act in synergy with drugs acting at the GABAA receptor. The present invention is also directed to the use of modulators of PKCepsilon to modulate alcohol consumption, self-administration of other drugs of abuse, and the effects of alcohol consumption as well as the use of inhibitors of PKCepsilon, either alone or in conjunction with allosteric agonists of GABAA receptors, to treat conditions, such as addiction, withdrawal syndrome, skeletal muscle spasms, convulsive seizures, and epilepsy, that are amenable to treatment by allosteric agonists of GABAA receptors. Additional aspects of the present invention are diagnostic methods for identifying individuals at risk for becoming alcoholics or abusers of other drugs and kits for performing such diagnostic methods. The present invention relates to: cells and non-human animals deficient for the PKC isozyme epsilon (PKCepsilon); the use of PKCepsilon as a target for drugs; the use of inhibitors of PKCepsilon in methods of reducing anxiety and treating conditions associated with insufficient activity of the GABAA receptor; the use of modulators of PKCepsilon in methods of modulating alcohol consumption, modulating self-administration of other drugs of abuse, and altering the effects of alcohol; pharmaceutical compositions comprising inhibitors of PKCepsilon and allosteric agonists of GABAA receptors; and the identification of individuals with enhanced susceptibility to alcoholism or other forms of addiction.