anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Total intravenous anesthesia is commonly performed with propofol and remifentanil now-a-days. The combination of these two drugs can achieve the rapid loss of consciousness and analgesia,as the onset and recovery time of these two drugs are very fast within one to three minutes. However, the problem of intraoperative awareness necessitate the monitoring of anesthetic depth, which is commonly performed with Bispectral index (BIS). BIS is a display of number from zero to one hundred which quantify the degree of sedation and hypnosis by anesthetics by analyzing the electroencephalogram. However, it is limited in neurosurgery in which the surgical field is near the forehead where the BIS probe is attached. Furthermore, it is also limited in surgery with prone position. The BIS is influenced by multiple parameters, such as age,gender, body weight, height, muscle relaxants, hepatic function, co-administered drugs, surgical stimulation, but is thought to be influenced mainly by propofol and remifentanil infusion dose. As such, we postulate that the BIS value could be predicted by the estimated effects-site concentration of propofol and remifentanil, and try to establish a multiple linear regression model for predicting BIS value.
As with all AEDs, SABRIL should be withdrawn gradually. However, if withdrawal is needed because of a serious adverse event, rapid discontinuation can be considered. Patients and caregivers should be told not to suddenly discontinue SABRIL therapy. 

In controlled clinical studies in adults with complex partial seizures, SABRIL was tapered by decreasing the daily dose 1000 mg/day on a weekly basis until discontinued.

In a controlled study in pediatric patients with complex partial seizures, SABRIL was tapered by decreasing the daily dose by one third every week for three weeks. 

In a controlled clinical study in patients with infantile spasms, SABRIL was tapered by decreasing the daily dose at a rate of 25-50 mg/kg every 3-4 days.
The invention provides a called original ecology processing method of fresh pulp for treating diabetes mellitus. A final product is bagged or bottled oral fresh pulp. The prior drugs for treating diabetes mellitus are in the excipient of powder, pill, capsule and the like generally, and the achievement rates of effective ingredients thereof are all lower than 90 percent. The fresh pulp obtained bythe processing method is processed by organic fresh raw materials. The achievement rates of effective ingredients thereof all approach hundred percent, and a whole processing process does not destroythe activity of the raw materials. The invention has the advantages of easy availability of the raw materials, simple processing method, significant curative effect, and the like. A practical test shows that the fresh pulp obtained by the processing method has significant curative effect to treat diabetes mellitus and also has obvious effects to reduce blood lipid and treat hypertension.
A water-dispersible veterinary preparation comprises (a) up to 50% by weight of a therapeutically active substance, (b) from 2 to 70% by weight of a polyethyleneglycol which is solid at room temperature and (c) from 10 to 70% by weight of an amphiphilic agent which is solid at room temperature, the preparation being in the form of particles, the major portion of which have a diameter within the range of 50-200m .  The polyethyleneglycol may have an average molecular weight of 2,000-10,000.  The amphiphilic agent may be a monoglyceride of a C12-20 fatty acid, or a mixture of mono- and di-glycerides of such an acid, a C12-20 fatty alcohol, a C12-20 fatty acid or an amide of such an acid, or a mixture thereof.  The therapeutically active substance may be a sulphonamide, e.g. sulphisoxazole, sulphadimethoxine, an antibiotic, e.g. chloramphenicol, neomycin, or other drug, e.g. chlorprothixene, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, 1,4-bis(trichloromethyl)-benzene, chlorpromazine, aminophenazone, a barbiturate, chrysazin salicylate, chloral hydrate, hexamethylene tetramine, a plant extract, e.g. quinine, caffeine, opiates, aloe, kamala, croton oil, arecoline, as well as iron, arsenic, cobalt, manganese, zinc, and mercury compounds, iron and vitamin compositions.  Therapeutically active liquids may be adsorbed on solid carriers.  The wettability of the particles may be improved by addition of known wetting agents, e.g. soap or non-ionic polyglycol. The powders may be dispersed in water or milk for oral administration to aminals.  The flowability of the powder may be improved by the addition of ca3(PO4)2.  Conventional fillers, aroma-imparting materials, and excipients may be added.  The preparations may be made by mixing the essential ingredients at a temperature above the melting point of the polyethylene glycol and amphiphilic agent and spray drying to the requisite particle size, or alternatively solidifying and grinding to such size.
Participants will receive a chemotherapy combination based on published trials. An example would be 42 weeks of VAC but may also include irinotecan, doxorubicin, ifosfamide, etoposide.
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND: Non convulsive seizures (NCS) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) may remain undiagnosed due to lack of overt clinical manifestation and can have long-term sequelae due to delay in timely treatment. Occurrence of early NCS is known to have subsequent neurologic sequelae due to excitotoxic neuronal injury.
CASE REPORT: This is a case report of a young girl who sustained a TBI due to a motor vehicle accident (MVA) and was admitted with a fluctuating level of consciousness. Her clinical presentation was attributed to TBI; however as her conscious level did not recover, an electroencephalogram (EEG) was requested, which detected non convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE). Anti-seizure medication (ASM) was started. Her follow-up EEG and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were suggestive of the potential adverse effects of prolonged NCSE.
CONCLUSION: NCS may remain undiagnosed in TBI due to a paucity of overt clinical manifestations. Every patient with TBI and altered consciousness at presentation should be evaluated by continuous EEG monitoring immediately, if possible, in the emergency department to avoid long-term sequelae of NCS in such cases.
PURPOSE:To obtain a cleaner for body having heat and chemical stabilities and extremely low irritation to the skin and eyes, comprising a maltitol hydroxyaliphatic ether. CONSTITUTION:A cleaner for body containing 0.1-10wt.% compound shown by the formula (A is residue after removal of n X OH groups from maltitol; R<1> and R<2> are H or 1-20C alkyl; (n) is 1 or 2). The compound shown by the formula has stability and safety both of which are not shown in conventional nonionic surfactants, and when the compound is mixed with another surfactant, the compound shows irritation reducing action on the skin and eyes. The compound shown by the formula is stable to heat and will not evolve formaldehyde, etc. The cleaner may be optionally mixed with generally usable various components (e.g. powder component, oil component, humectant, antioxidant, antiseptic and perfume) besides the compound shown by the formula as an essential component and is used as soap, skin cleaner, hair cleaner, hand cleaner, dentifrice, etc.
Tomographic perfusion imaging techniques are integral to translational stroke research paradigms that advance our understanding of the disease. Functional ultrasound (fUS) is an emerging technique that informs on cerebral blood volume (CBV) through ultrasensitive Doppler and flow velocity (CBFv) through ultrafast localization microscopy. It is not known how experimental results compare with a classical CBV-probing technique such as dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion MRI (DSC-MRI). To that end, we assessed hemodynamics based on uUS (n = 6) or DSC-MRI (n = 7) before, during and up to three hours after 90-minute filament-induced middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. Recanalization was followed by a brief hyperperfusion response, after which CBV and CBFv temporarily normalized but progressively declined after one hour in the lesion territory. DSC-MRI data corroborated the incomplete restoration of CBV after recanalization, which may have been caused by the free-breathing anesthetic regimen. During occlusion, MCAO-induced hypoperfusion was more discrepant between either technique, likely attributable to artefactual signal mechanisms related to slow flow, and processing algorithms employed for either technique. In vivo uUS- and DSC-MRI-derived measures of CBV enable serial whole-brain assessment of post-stroke hemodynamics, but readouts from both techniques need to be interpreted cautiously in situations of very low blood flow.
This will be a randomized, controlled clinical trial for CP patients scheduled to undergo a TP-IAT surgery. Those who are consented will be randomized into one of three groups. One group will receive islet transplantation alone, a placebo. The other two groups will receive islets plus autologous bone marrow-MSCs at two different doses (20x10\^6/patient, or 50x10\^6/patient). The TP-IAT procedure will remain as routinely performed. Patients will be followed for12 months post-transplantation, having 3 follow-up visits scheduled on days 90, 180, and 365 after the transplant. The primary endpoint will be a change in islet function from baseline to 12 months post-transplantation as measured by the C-peptide area under the curve following a mixed meal tolerance test. Potential effects of MSCs on glycemic control, pain relief, quality of life, and adverse events will be evaluated at each follow-up visit.
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection fire control and new materials, in particular to a three-dimensional multi-layer self-flow multi-stage multi-mode fermentation method and application. The method comprises the following steps: the medicine mixture ratio is mixture, enzymolysis and first-level glycolysis: fermenting the yeast for about 6-7 days to obtain a first fermentation liquid, and performing secondary glycolysis: acetic acid fermentation; three-stage glycolysis: (3) inoculating mixed bacteria liquid containing lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus paracasei, lactobacillus rhamnosus and bifidobacterium adolescentis in equal proportion, wherein the total inoculation amount is 5 percent of the total mass of the fermentation liquid; anaerobic (standing) fermenting at 37 deg.C for 15d to obtain final sequential fermentation product. Has the advantages that: 1. the enzyme method can effectively release bioactive substances in the Chinese herbal medicines. 2. On the basis, the nutrition, the flavor and the taste of the Chinese herbal medicine drink are greatly enriched by the directional fermentation. The special device for multi-stage fermentation also meets the requirement of the novel continuous production.
The study comprises two subprojects (Study 1 and Study 2). In Study 1, the investigators will compare the effects of OXT on fear extinction and fear recall as well as on emotion recognition between women and men. Additionally, the investigators plan to test whether a pretreatment with exogenous estradiol can be used to augment these OXT effects. In Study 2, the investigators will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to elucidate the effects of OXT-estradiol interactions on neural responses in an emotional face matching task and an emotional memory task. Half of the participants will be included in Study 1 and the other half in Study 2.

Study 1 contains three test sessions (after the screening). In the first session participants will complete a fear conditioning paradigm. The second session will take place on the following day and will start with the administration of estradiol gel (Divigel; 2 mg) or placebo (PLC). Three hours after the gel administration the participants will intranasally self-administer 24 IU of OXT or PLC under supervision and 30 min later a fear extinction task will commence, followed by an emotion recognition paradigm. A fear extinction recall task (identical with the fear conditioning task except for the electric shocks) will be conducted in the third session (with a 24-hours break between the second and the third session).

In Study 2, participants will be randomly assigned to four different treatment conditions (1. OXT + PLC gel; 2. OXT + estradiol gel; 3. PLC + PLC gel; 4. PLC + estradiol gel) after the screening session. The timing of the drug administration and blood sample collection will be identical to that of the second session of Study 1. The fMRI paradigms (resting state, emotional face matching and emotional memory) will start 30 minutes after nasal spray administration. Three days after the scanning, participants will be tested with a surprise recognition task, which includes pictures shown in the scanner and distractors.
Bladder cancer is a common malignancy with a poor prognosis worldwide. Positive cofactor 4 (PC4) is widely reported to promote malignant phenotypes in various tumors. Nonetheless, the biological function and mechanism of PC4 in bladder cancer remain unclear. Here, for the first time, we report that PC4 is elevated in bladder cancer and is associated with patient survival. Moreover, PC4 deficiency obviously inhibited bladder cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by reducing the expression of genes related to cancer stemness (CD44, CD47, KLF4 and c-Myc). Through RNA-seq and experimental verification, we found that activation of the Wnt5a/β-catenin pathway is involved in the malignant function of PC4. Mechanistically, PC4 directly interacts with Sp1 to promote Wnt5a transcription. Thus, our study furthers our understanding of the role of PC4 in cancer stemness regulation and provides a promising strategy for bladder cancer therapy.
Toe pulp flap surgery is a viable option for soft tissue defects of the fingertips, effectively addressing patient needs and fingertip characteristics. The preferred anesthesia for lower-extremity surgery includes spinal and regional anesthesia. However, the choice between these methods depends on patient safety and surgical efficacy. In this retrospective study, we aimed to ascertain the optimal anesthetic technique by examining the efficacy, safety, pain control, and potential side effects of spinal and peripheral nerve block anesthetics. We included 40 patients aged 18-60 years who underwent partial second toe pulp free flap surgery for fingertip reconstruction. Twenty patients received spinal anesthesia (SA), while the remaining 20 received peripheral nerve block anesthesia. We conducted a comparative analysis of postoperative pain scores, adverse effects, analgesic usage, and patient satisfaction scores associated with each anesthesia method. Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and chi-squared test were performed. The SA group exhibited hypotension, bradycardia, urinary retention, and postdural puncture headache rates of 10%, 10%, 5%, and 5%, respectively. A significant difference in the timing of first analgesic use was observed (spinal, 3.7 ± 0.8 vs. peripheral nerve block, 13.2 ± 6.6; P = 0.006). Visual analog scale (VAS) scores of the patients at the 2nd, 4th, and 6th h were significantly lower in the peripheral nerve block group (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). VAS scores at 12 and 24 h were similar between the groups (P = 0.07, P = 0.135, respectively). Peripheral nerve block anesthesia is superior to SA for partial second toe pulp free flap surgery, offering lower complication rates, reduced postoperative pain, and improved patient comfort.
The Elaborated Sociocultural Model proposes exposure to sociocultural appearance pressures increases women's internalisation of the thin ideal, their engagement in social comparison and body surveillance, and subsequent body dissatisfaction and disturbances in eating (Fitzsimmons-Craft et al., 2011). Although this model has received some empirical support, it is limited in that it does not currently account for social media as a contemporary source of appearance pressure, nor include additional known outcomes of thin ideal internalisation (i.e., body shame, psychological distress). The current study tested the integration of these variables within the Elaborated Sociocultural Model. Using structural equation modelling with latent variables, the extended model provided acceptable to good fit to the data in a sample of 271 female participants. A latent variable representing sociocultural appearance pressures originating from social media, traditional media, family and peers was found to significantly predict thin ideal internalisation and body image concerns. Furthermore, both social comparison and body surveillance emerged as indirect mediators of the relationship between thin ideal internalisation and body image concerns, which in turn, increased report of restrained eating and psychological distress. Aligning with previous research, this extended model offers a useful and comprehensive framework for investigating women's body image.
A pinosylvin and lauric polyether complex is a pinosylvin-containing lauric polyether complex. The complex is composed of the following materials: lauric polyether, pinosylvin and citric acid. Equipment used for complexation is a stainless steel (or enamel or glass) reaction vessel with reflux and heating functions. The complex is a light yellow viscous liquid in appearance and is soluble in water, ethanol, isopropanol and acetone. The pH value (1% aqueous solution) of the complex is 5-7; moisture of the complex is less than or equal to 1.0%; viscosity (25 DEG C CPS) of the complex is 1100-1300; and the content of pinosylvin is 5-10%. The complex at an effective concentration has a good effect of sterilizing multiple microbes such as staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, fungus, mould and the like. The pinosylvin and lauric polyether complex has good water solubility, can widely be applied in pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics and human body cleaning products, and is an intermediate for manufacturing medicines, health care products, cosmetics, pilatory, hair itching-relieving lotions, a face cleansing lotion and the like.
Rare, usually transient, but occasionally significant elevations of enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, CPK, LDH, SGOT and SGPT have been noted. The relationship to nifedipine therapy is uncertain in most cases, but probable in some. These laboratory abnormalities have rarely been associated with clinical symptoms; however, cholestasis with or without jaundice has been reported. A small increase (<5%) in mean alkaline phosphatase was noted in patients treated with nifedipine extended-release tablets. This was an isolated finding and it rarely resulted in values which fell outside the normal range. Rare instances of allergic hepatitis have been reported with nifedipine treatment. In controlled studies, nifedipine extended-release tablets did not adversely affect serum uric acid, glucose, cholesterol or potassium.

Nifedipine, like other calcium channel blockers, decreases platelet aggregation in vitro. Limited clinical studies have demonstrated a moderate but statistically significant decrease in platelet aggregation and increase in bleeding time in some nifedipine patients. This is thought to be a function of inhibition of calcium transport across the platelet membrane. No clinical significance for these findings has been demonstrated. 

Positive direct Coombs’ test, with or without hemolytic anemia, has been reported, but a causal relationship between nifedipine administration and positivity of this laboratory test, including hemolysis, could not be determined.

Although nifedipine has been used safely in patients with renal dysfunction and has been reported to exert a beneficial effect in certain cases, rare reversible elevations in BUN and serum creatinine have been reported in patients with pre-existing chronic renal insufficiency. The relationship to nifedipine therapy is uncertain in most cases but probable in some.
BACKGROUND: In heart failure (HF), mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic remodeling lead to a reduction in energy productivity and aggravate cardiomyocyte injury. Supplementation with α-ketoglutarate (AKG) alleviated myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice with HF and improved cardiac insufficiency. However, the myocardial protective mechanism of AKG remains unclear. We verified the hypothesis that AKG improves mitochondrial function by upregulating NAD+ levels and activating silent information regulator 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) in cardiomyocytes.
METHODS: In vivo, 2% AKG was added to the drinking water of mice undergoing transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery. Echocardiography and biopsy were performed to evaluate cardiac function and pathological changes. Myocardial metabolomics was analyzed by liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry (LC‒MS/MS) at 8 weeks after surgery. In vitro, the expression of SIRT1 or PINK1 proteins was inhibited by selective inhibitors and siRNA in cardiomyocytes stimulated with angiotensin II (AngII) and AKG. NAD+ levels were detected using an NAD test kit. Mitophagy and ferroptosis levels were evaluated by Western blotting, qPCR, JC-1 staining and lipid peroxidation analysis.
RESULTS: AKG supplementation after TAC surgery could alleviate myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis and improve cardiac function in mice. Metabolites of the malate-aspartate shuttle (MAS) were increased, but the TCA cycle and fatty acid metabolism pathway could be inhibited in the myocardium of TAC mice after AKG supplementation. Decreased NAD+ levels and SIRT1 protein expression were observed in heart of mice and AngII-treated cardiomyocytes. After AKG treatment, these changes were reversed, and increased mitophagy, inhibited ferroptosis, and alleviated damage in cardiomyocytes were observed. When the expression of SIRT1 was inhibited by a selective inhibitor and siRNA, the protective effect of AKG was suppressed.
CONCLUSION: Supplementation with AKG can improve myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and chronic cardiac insufficiency caused by pressure overload. By increasing the level of NAD+, the SIRT-PINK1 and SIRT1-GPX4 signaling pathways are activated to promote mitophagy and inhibit ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes, which ultimately alleviates cardiomyocyte damage.
INTRODUCTION: A reproducible and simple model is essential for verifying gastric conduit vitality before esophagectomy. Ischemia is a major cause of esophagogastric anastomotic dehiscence and leakage. Ischemic conditioning of the stomach prior to esophageal surgery has been shown to lower the incidence of postoperative complications, including anastomotic leakage. However, the optimal timing and technique of ischemization remain uncertain.
METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=24) were randomly divided into four groups: ischemic group - samples collected 1 hour after ischemia (I1H), ischemic group - samples collected 1 day after ischemia (I1D), ischemic group - samples collected 7 days after ischemia (I7D), and control group (C). Ischemia was induced by ligation of the left gastric (LGA) and short gastric arteries (SGA). The samples were verified using histological and macroscopic analysis, and the number and percentage of immunocompetent cells were determined.
RESULTS: One hour after ischemization (I1H), ischemic denudation with mucosal erosion was observed, and the total number of eosinophils was significantly higher (p.
Cosmetic compositions, kits thereof, and methods of making and using such cosmetic compositions. The cosmetic compositions typically include about 20 to about 95 wt. % of a polyol; about 5 to about 70 wt. % of one or more monoalcohols having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms; about 0.1 to about 10 wt. % of one or more cationic surfactants; about 0.1 to about 20 wt. % of one or more fatty compounds; and about 1 to about 15 wt. % of a combination of a urea compound and citric acid, wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition. The cosmetic compositions have a weight ratio of polyol to monoalcohol(s) that is from 20:1 to 1:20. Additionally, the cosmetic compositions typically have a mole ratio of citric acid to urea compound of that is about 10:0.5 to about 0.5:10.