anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: Current guidelines recommend combination chemotherapy for treatment of patients with unfavorable cancer of unknown primary (CUP). Biomarker-guided targeted therapies may offer additional benefit. Data on the feasibility and effectiveness of comprehensive genomic biomarker profiling of CUP in a standard clinical practice setting are limited.
METHODS: This analysis included 156 patients with confirmed unfavorable CUP diagnosis according to ESMO guidelines, who were treated at the West German Cancer Center, Essen, Germany, from 2015 to 2021. Clinical parameters and outcome data were retrieved from the electronic hospital information system. Genomic biomarker analyses were performed in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissue whenever possible using the QIAseq Multimodal-Pancancer-Panel.
RESULTS: Non-squamous histologies, high tumor burden, and age above 60 years associated with poor survival outcome. Tissue availability restricted comprehensive biomarker analyses to 50 patients (32%), reflecting a major limitation in the real-world setting. In those patients a total of 24 potentially actionable alterations were identified in 17 patients (34% of profiled patients, 11% of total population). The most prevalent biomarkers were high tumor mutational burden and BRCA-mutations.
CONCLUSION: In a real-world setting precision medicine for patients with CUP is severely restricted by tissue availability, and a limited spectrum of actionable alterations. Progress for patients may require emphasizing the need for sufficient biopsies, and prospective exploration of blood-based biomarker profiling.
OBJECTIVES: I. Compare the efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity of mitoxantrone, etoposide, and cytarabine (MEC) with or without monoclonal antibody HuG1-M195 in patients with refractory or relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia.

OUTLINE: This is a randomized, multicenter study. Patients are stratified by age (under 50 vs 50 and over) and duration of previous complete remission (CR) (0-6 vs 7-12 months). All patients receive induction chemotherapy comprised of cytarabine IV over 2 hours, mitoxantrone IV over a maximum of 20 minutes, and etoposide IV over 1-2 hours on days 1-6. On day 5 of induction, patients are randomized to one of two treatment arms: Arm I: Patients receive day 6 of induction chemotherapy. Patients then receive monoclonal antibody HuG1-M195 (MOAB HuM195) IV over 4 hours on days 6-9 or 7-10. Treatment with MOAB HuM195 repeats every 2 weeks for 2 courses (courses 1 and 2) in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. During course 1, MOAB HuM195 begins 30 minutes to 24 hours postchemotherapy. Patients who do not achieve CR by day 70 of induction and show evidence of bone marrow progression (regimen failure (RF)) are taken off study. Patients without RF are assigned to one of two consolidation groups based on response: Group A (CR): Patients receive consolidation chemotherapy comprised of mitoxantrone IV over a maximum of 20 minutes on days 1 and 2, and cytarabine IV over 2 hours and etoposide IV over 1-2 hours on days 1-4. Patients with New York Heart Association class II heart disease preconsolidation receive no mitoxantrone during consolidation. Patients receive MOAB HuM195 IV over 4 hours on days 4-7 or 5-8. Treatment with MOAB HuM195 repeats every 2 weeks for 2 additional courses (courses 3 and 4). During course 3, MOAB HuM195 begins 30 minutes to 24 hours postchemotherapy. Group B (partial remission (PR), hematologic improvement (HI), or stable disease (SD)): Patients receive MOAB HuM195 as in group A but no consolidation chemotherapy. Patients without RF after treatment on group A or B receive maintenance MOAB HuM195 IV over 4 hours on days 1-4. Treatment repeats every month for 8 additional courses (courses 5-12). Arm II: Patients receive day 6 of induction chemotherapy. Patients receive no MOAB HuM195 during the entire study. Patients without RF at day 70 of induction are assigned to one of two consolidation groups based on response: Group C (CR): Patients receive consolidation chemotherapy as in group A. Group D (PR, HI, or SD): Patients receive no further treatment. Patients may be eligible to receive MOAB HuM195 on PDL Study 195-302. Patients are followed every 3 months for 1 year, and then every 6 months thereafter.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A maximum of 200 patients (100 per arm) will be accrued for this study.
A cerebral aneurysm (also known as an intracranial or intracerebral aneurysm) is a weak or thin spot on a blood vessel in the brain that balloons out and fills and intermixes with parent artery blood. Aneurysms can occur at any age. Global incidence varies by country, with reports of prevalence ranging from 5.1 to 19.6 cases per 100,000 persons. With the development of imaging technology and the greater attention paid by people to their overall health,there will be more aneurysms be detected. The combination of sophisticated imaging equipment, more frequent use of imaging in patients, and the aforementioned emphasis on optimum health, has led to a greater proportion of asymptomatic aneurysms being discovered.

The most common type of aneurysms are saccular; and, aneurysms are more likely to occur in women. The most devastating presentation of an intracranial aneurysm is subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). It is estimated that, on average, five percent of the population is afflicted and the incidence of aneurysm rupture (SAH) is between 6 and 9 per 1000 000 individuals . Mortality can approach 50%, with fewer than 60% of survivors returning to independent living.

Invasive treatment of aneurysms began with an open surgical procedure referred to as 'surgical clipping'. This treatment was once considered the gold standard treatment for aneurysms. The first neurovascular interventional medical device was the Guglielmi Detachable Coil (GDC), which was developed and tested in the mid-1990s and was introduced by Dr. Guido Guglielmi and Target Therapeutics, Fremont, California. These bare platinum coils were electrolytically detached for placement in the aneurysm sac. It took approximately one decade to prove coiling superiority over surgical clipping, after publication of the results of the ISAT Study. Since that time, coils have become more sophisticated in makeup and conformation. Coil use is also a mainstay for neurovascular procedures.
In a method for the implementation of a medical examination via the user interface of at least one imaging device, parameter values in a group of measurement parameters are determined, and are entered via an input device of the user interface. Spatially resolved image information are generated by the at least one imaging device depending on the group of measurement parameters, and the image information is stored on a storage medium. The image information are presented as a data symbol on a screen of the user interface. In order to present the parameters and dependencies to enable a more efficient work process, each measurement parameter of the group of measurement parameters is respectively presented on the screen in a measurement parameter cell of a matrix with multiple rows and multiple columns. The measurement parameters can be contained at least in part in multiple measurement parameter cells. The presentation size of the multiple columns of the matrix depends on their distance from the pointer symbol on the screen.
Under ultrasound guidance, 3-5 milliliters (mL) Exparel will be injected around the 3 nerves of the forearm prior to surgery. 20-30 mL Mepivacaine will be used for the supraclavicular block following the forearm block.
Subjects will be exposed to 3 hours in a climate chamber set to approximately 47 deg C and 15% relative humidity, which reflects a very hot and dry heat wave condition similar to the 2018 Los Angeles heat wave. Two visits will be required to complete this arm, with one visit including water spray for cooling.
Two balstilimab infusions will be given prior to surgery and two infusions will be given after surgery, for a total of four doses. Each infusion will be scheduled approximately 3 weeks apart. On the same day as the first and third balstilimab infusions, botensilimab will also be given, for a total of two doses, one before and one after surgery.
Reaching consistent levels of 25(OH)D has been shown to be crucial in decreasing falls, fractures and increasing calcium absorption. One way to circumvent the variability of 25(OH)D response to vitamin D might be to use calcifediol supplementation and bypass the 25-hydroxylase enzyme entirely. This approach also permits the physician to achieve desired serum levels in a matter of just a few days, rather than the several weeks required when using native vitamin D. Compared to native vitamin D, calcifediol is more water soluble, has a shorter half-life and increases 25(OH)D levels more quickly. Calcifediol is also more potent, about 3.5 times more potent in raising 25(OH)D levels than vitamin D. Its water solubility may also confer an advantage in patients who have difficulty absorbing fat soluble vitamins. This form of vitamin D metabolite has been used historically to increase calcium absorption, treat osteomalacia, and increase Bone Mineral Density (BMD). Using calcifediol seems to be a practical solution, but little is known about the dose response variability in humans and how it compares to that of native vitamin D. The investigators are intending to perform a clinical study in healthy subjects on the pharmacokinetics of different doses of Hy.D Calcifediol compared to vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) in order to gain insight into the dose response relationship and to assess kinetic differences including the steady state. The metabolites 1,25(OH)2D, 24,25(OH)2D will be assessed throughout the study to assess the metabolism of vitamin D vs. 25(OH)D. Vitamin D3 will be measured throughout the study to assess compliance with the restriction of exogenous vitamin D supplementation.
The present invention addresses the problem of providing a nitrogen-containing compound effective for inhibiting cancer stem cell proliferation.　The problem is solved by a nitrogen-containing compound represented by general formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: [Chemical formula 1] (here, m and n are the same or different and represent an integer of 1 to 3. R 1  and R 2  are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 linear or branched alkyl group optionally having a halogen atom as a substituent, a C1-6 linear or branched alkoxy group, a halogen atom, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a carboxy group, or a cyano group. R 3  represents a C1-6 branched or linear alkyl group optionally having a halogen atom as a substituent. X 1 , X 2 , and X 3  represent a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom, and one or two of X 1 , X 2 , and X 3  are nitrogen atoms. X 4  represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom. However, excluding (i) the situation in which X 1  and X 4  are both nitrogen atoms and X 2  and X 3  are both carbon atoms and (ii) the situation in which X 3  and X 4  are both nitrogen atoms and X 1  and X 2  are both carbon atoms.).
BACKGROUND: Given the intricate and grave nature of trauma-related injuries in ICU settings, it is imperative to develop and deploy reliable predictive tools that can aid in the early identification of high-risk patients who are at risk of early death. The objective of this study is to create and validate an artificial intelligence (AI) model that can accurately predict early mortality among critical fracture patients.
METHODS: A total of 2662 critically ill patients with orthopaedic trauma were included from the MIMIC III database. Early mortality was defined as death within 30 days in this study. The patients were randomly divided into a model training cohort and a model validation cohort. Various algorithms, including logistic regression (LR), extreme gradient boosting machine (eXGBM), decision tree (DT), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and neural network (NN), were employed. Evaluation metrics, including discrimination and calibration, were used to develop a comprehensive scoring system ranging from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating better prediction performance. Furthermore, external validation was carried out using 131 patients. The optimal model was deployed as an internet-based AI tool.
RESULTS: Among all models, the eXGBM demonstrated the highest area under the curve (AUC) value (0.974, 95%CI: 0.959-0.983), followed by the RF model (0.951, 95%CI: 0.935-0.967) and the NN model (0.922, 95%CI: 0.905-0.941). Additionally, the eXGBM model outperformed other models in terms of accuracy (0.915), precision (0.906), recall (0.926), F1 score (0.916), Brier score (0.062), log loss (0.210), and discrimination slope (0.767). Based on the scoring system, the eXGBM model achieved the highest score (53), followed by RF (42) and NN (39). The LR, DT, and SVM models obtained scores of 28, 18, and 32, respectively. Decision curve analysis further confirmed the superior clinical net benefits of the eXGBM model. External validation of the model achieved an AUC value of 0.913 (95%CI: 0.878-0.948). Consequently, the model was deployed on the Internet at https://30-daymortalityincriticallyillpatients-fnfsynbpbp6rgineaspuim.streamlit.app/, allowing users to input patient features and obtain predicted risks of early mortality among critical fracture patients. Furthermore, the AI model successfully stratified patients into low or high risk of early mortality based on a predefined threshold and provided recommendations for appropriate therapeutic interventions.
CONCLUSION: This study successfully develops and validates an AI model, with the eXGBM algorithm demonstrating the highest predictive performance for early mortality in critical fracture patients. By deploying the model as a web-based AI application, healthcare professionals can easily access the tool, enabling them to predict 30-day mortality and aiding in the identification and management of high-risk patients among those critically ill with orthopedic trauma.
Hyperlactatemia, with or without lactic acidosis, is a potentially life-threatening condition that appears to be associated with NRTI therapy. The natural history of lactate elevation as a complication of NRTI therapy is not clearly understood; however, some patients receiving these therapies experience a progressive increase in lactate to symptomatic levels. Deficiencies in thiamine (vitamin B1) and riboflavin (vitamin B2) have been implicated as cofactors in producing hyperlactatemia and lactic acidosis in NRTI-treated patients. A nontoxic intervention that could prevent or reverse advancing lactic acidosis and preserve NRTI use would be highly desirable. To date, no controlled studies have been done to examine the potential role of dietary intake, B vitamin deficiency, and B vitamin therapy on the pathogenesis and clinical course on NRTI-associated lactic acidosis. The hypothesis proposed is that high-dose vitamin B treatment can normalize elevated lactate levels among NRTI-exposed individuals with moderately elevated lactate levels.

This study consists of 2 steps: Step 1 (screening) and Step 2 (treatment). Patients are screened during Step 1 for sustained hyperlactatemia and Step 2 eligibility. Patients with sustained hyperlactatemia but no symptoms that indicate high risk of progression to lactic acidosis and with no plans to change existing NRTI-containing antiretroviral therapy may enter Step 2. A fasting, nonexercise, venous lactate level is obtained at Step 2 entry for use as a baseline measurement, and every patient receives high-dose oral vitamin B1 and B2 therapy for 4 weeks. Fasting, nonexercise, venous lactate levels are measured at Weeks 1, 2, and 4 to observe the kinetics of changes in lactate levels on study treatment.
Urinary catheter is placed before abdominal surgery to increase visualization during the operation, prevent bladder injury and provide perioperative urine output monitoring. It is especially useful in patients who will undergo low anterior resection, with a high risk of nerve damage and consequent urinary retention and bladder dysfunction. Urinary catheter removal time differs between operations. Traditionally, the urinary catheter is kept in place for 7 days because urinary retention occurs in some patients whose urinary catheter is displaced in the early period. As the urinary catheter retention time increases, the risk of urinary tract infection also increases.

According to the current ERAS protocol, it is recommended to remove the urinary catheter 48 hours after the surgery in patients who have undergone colorectal surgery and are treated with epidural pain management. However, the ERAS protocol is not specific to patients who have undergone low anterior resection, which is the main point of our study and includes all patients who have undergone colorectal surgery. Most authors still believe that prolonged retention of the urinary catheter will prevent urinary retention and long-term bladder dysfunction. In a randomized controlled study (published in 1999) that we encountered during our own literature search, early removal of the urinary catheter was associated with increased urinary retention \[2\]. In recent studies, some authors have associated the early removal of the urinary catheter with increased urinary retention \[3\], while others claimed the opposite and reported contradictory results \[4\]. Advances in laparoscopic techniques have made it possible to visualize the hypogastric and pelvic nerves (nerves associated with urinary functions) during surgery. In addition to these developments, dissections on embryonic planes and tumor reduction with neoadjuvant chemotherapy protect these nerves during surgery.
We aimed to elucidate the mechanism underlying carcinogenesis by comparing normal and BRCA1/2-mutated ovarian epithelial cells established via Sendai virus-based immortalization. Ovarian epithelial cells (normal epithelium: Ovn; with germline BRCA1 mutation: OvBRCA1; with germline BRCA2 mutation: OvBRCA2) were infected with Sendai virus vectors carrying three immortalization genes (Bmi-1, hTERT, and SV40T). The immunoreactivity to anti-epithelial cellular adhesion molecule (EpCAM) antibodies in each cell line and cells after 25 passages was confirmed using flow cytometry. Chromosomes were identified and karyotyped to detect numerical and structural abnormalities. Total RNA extracted from the cells was subjected to human transcriptome sequencing. Highly expressed genes in each cell line were confirmed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Immortalization techniques allowed 25 or more passages of Ovn, OvBRCA1, and OvBRCA2 cells. No anti-EpCAM antibody reactions were observed in primary cultures or after long-term passages of each cell line. Structural abnormalities in the chromosomes were observed in each cell line; however, the abnormal chromosomes were successfully separated from the normal structures via cloning. Only normal cells from each cell line were cloned. MMP1, CCL2, and PAPPA were more predominantly expressed in OvBRCA1 and OvBRCA2 cells than in Ovn cells. Immortalized ovarian cells derived from patients with germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations showed substantially higher MMP1 expression than normal ovarian cells. However, the findings need to be validated in the future.
This study is a multicenter, non-randomized, cross-sectional comparative exploratory study comparing the ClearSight System 2D map results to post surgery histopathological analysis of excised mass in lumpectomy surgery. The Efficacy Objective is to assess the ability of the ClearSight™ System to detect malignant tissue less than or equal to 1 mm of margins of excised breast specimen in breast conserving surgery using histopathological assessment as reference. The Safety Objective is that all adverse events, serious adverse events (SAE) will be reported according to local regulations. The actual reporting is discussed in section 0. No device-related adverse events are expected. For more information please refer to the Investigator Brochure.
Patients with Ntrk1/2/3 fusion receive X396 225mg PO QD on days 1-28. 28 days as one cycle. Courses repeat every 2 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
BACKGROUND: To compare the operative effect and clinical efficacy of the Moses laser mode and the Raykeen holmium laser energy platform powder mode under flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy in patients with impacted upper ureteral stones.
METHODS: From March 2022 to September 2022, 72 patients were divided into a Moses laser group and a Raykeen laser group according to surgical method, with 36 patients in each group. CT and ureteroscopy confirmed that all patients had isolated impacted upper ureteral stones. The stone volume (mm3), stone density (Hu) and severity of hydronephrosis were measured by CT. Postoperative complications were evaluated using the Clavien-Dindo score.
RESULTS: There were no complications of ureteral stenosis related to the laser treatment. The operative time and lithotripsy time were lower in the Moses laser group than in the Raykeen laser group (P < 0.05). The stone-free survival rate did not differ significantly between the two groups (P = 0.722). Stone volume was found to be positively correlated with laser energy and lithotripsy time in both groups (P < 0.01). There was no significant correlation between laser energy and lithotripsy time or ureteral stone density (Hu) in the Moses laser group (P > 0.05) or the Raykeen laser group (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The contact mode of Moses technology and the powder mode of Raykeen laser lithotripsy can be used for the ablation of a single impacted upper ureteral stone. The ablation speed was related to the stone volume and the severity of polyp hyperplasia, not the stone density. We recommend the use of the powdered mode as a therapeutic measure for the treatment of impacted upper ureteral stones in flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy.
This laboratory study will employ a repeated measures experimental design to examine the effect of high (7.2% THC) and moderate (3.0% THC) dose of marijuana, relative to placebo, on alcohol craving and on behavioral economic measure of alcohol demand after exposure to alcohol cues, and on subsequent drinking in an alcohol choice task in which participants choose either to drink or receive monetary reinforcement for drinks not consumed. Moderators of the marijuana's effects on alcohol-related dependent variables will be tested: DSM5 alcohol use disorder severity, affective vulnerability, trait impulsivity, and working memory functioning. Several empirically-determined mechanisms that may explain why marijuana may increase risk of alcohol relapse and help maintain heavy drinking will be tested as mediators of marijuana's effects on alcohol. The study will recruit 173 non-treatment seeking heavy episodic alcohol drinkers who smoke marijuana at least twice weekly to obtain the final sample of 150 with complete data (15% of attrition). Participants will be tested at a baseline session and during three experimental sessions. Investigators will collect blood samples for analysis of cannabinoid plasma levels and to examine marijuana-induced changes in hormones and other biomarkers potentially related to appetite, inflammation and stress. Collection of these biomarkers would allow for a greater understanding about the mechanisms whereby marijuana may acutely increase alcohol motivation and use. The findings will inform researchers and clinicians about how marijuana acutely increases alcohol craving and consumption. The strategy of this proposal is to use the most comprehensive controlled test characterizing marijuana's putative effects on alcohol.