anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
In the dose-escalation phase, following screening assessment, two cohorts of three subjects each receive two single doses of BMN 053 in two study periods (i.e., four single doses in total per subject). In each study period they will receive BMN 053 by IV infusion and by SC injection (separated by one week). The proposed doses are 1 mg/kg (Cohort 1, study period 1), 3 mg/kg (Cohort 2, study period 1), 6 mg/kg (Cohort 1, study period 2) and 9 mg/kg (Cohort 2, study period 2). The actual doses may be amended or repeated based on emerging data from previous doses.
The interstitial lung diseases are a group of parenchymal pulmonary disorders that affect the interstitium causing progressive fibrosis of lung tissue. These disorders characterized by dyspnea aggravated by exertion . This group of diseases is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Thus, a multi-disciplinary approach including clinical, pathological, and radiological correlation is required to reach accurate assessment. The high-resolution computed tomography \[HRCT\] images of the chest are considered the main platform for the diagnostic approach .High-resolution CT (HRCT) scans offer the possibility of measuring disease severity more accurately and sensitively by focusing on fibrotic changes. HRCT images illustrate the presence and extent of parenchymal abnormalities including: reticular opacities, ground-glass opacities, traction bronchiectasis and honeycombing. Most patients with suspected ILDs are likely to undergo complete Pulmonary Function Testing. Usually there is restrictive pulmonary function with decreased TLC (Total Lung Capacity) , FVC (Forced Vital Capacity), FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second) and a normal or increased FEV1/FVC ratio.
BACKGROUND: The absence of KRAS and NRAS gene mutations (RAS wild type) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), is associated with a good response to targeted therapy with anti-EGFR receptor antibodies. The current gold standard for RAS mutational status identification is genetic testing on tissue biopsy samples.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the relevance of liquid biopsy as a less invasive alternative to tissue biopsy for detecting KRAS/NRAS and BRAF mutations in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). The study also aimed to determine the concordance between liquid biopsy and tissue biopsy.
METHODS: This is a phase IV, observational, uncontrolled, non-comparative, non-randomized, open label study. RAS/BRAF status will be tested at baseline using tissue and liquid biopsy using the Idylla/Biocartis PCR-based device. The primary endpoint is the comparison of the RAS status based on liquid biopsy with the RAS status based on tissue biopsy.
RESULTS: 100 patients with mCRC were included in the study. 75 % of patients showed concordant results between liquid biopsy and tissue biopsy, while 25 % had discordant results. Liquid biopsy demonstrated a sensitivity of 62 % and a specificity of 93 %. The accuracy of liquid biopsy was 75 %, with a moderate agreement between the two tests. The most frequent mutations in concordant cases were in KRAS (41 %), followed by NRAS (4 %) and BRAF (3 %). Mutations were not detected in 42 % of tissue biopsy samples and 60 % of liquid biopsy samples. The presence of hepatic metastases did not significantly affect the concordance between the biopsy methods.
CONCLUSION: Liquid biopsy using the Idylla™ system showed a relatively low sensitivity but high specificity for detecting KRAS/NRAS and BRAF mutations in mCRC patients. Despite some discordant cases, liquid biopsy remains a promising alternative to tissue biopsy due to its non-invasiveness, ability to provide multiple samples, and better representation of tumor heterogeneity.
A stent is created in situ at a stenosed site in a blood vessel from a flowable material which is delivered in a porous, flexible angioplasty balloon. The flowable material is extruded in place into a mold cavity formed by the porous surface of the angioplasty balloon and the surrounding endovascular wall. The flowable material can include a radiopaque marker and is capable of changing phase to a solid upon the application of energy above a predetermined threshold. When the flowable material has been extruded into the mold cavity, energy is applied to solidify the material and to interlink the stent material with fissures and breaks in the endovascular wall. The balloon is then withdrawn leaving a fully formed stent having a central lumen for enhanced blood flow. Including a radiopaque stent material in the stent allows for direct fluoroscopic visualization for enhanced control over the positioning and formation of the stent. A radiopaque stent also provides the advantage of enhanced long term observation of the stent.
Both gastro-esophageal and lung cancers are major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Canada the incidence for Esophageal Adenocarcinoma has doubled in the last two decades, while lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death. Surgery is a treatment option for these patients; however, esophagectomy in particular, is associated with significant morbidity, mortality and adverse effect on quality of life. Despite satisfactory standard preoperative testing to evaluate risk for surgery, some patients experience morbidity and never recover fully from surgery. Frailty assessment may offer a more sensitive measure of a patient's physiologic reserve, which may allow identification of patients who are poor candidates for surgery. There is a lack of consensus of how best to assess frailty prior to surgery. This study aims to analyze frailty assessment as a tool for patient selection for surgery.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable to perform a safety inspection because an inspector always watches a monitor image and to shorten the inspection time by designing this device in such a manner that gears are attached to the shafts of two three-way cocks and the gears are engaged with each other so that they rotate in the opposite directions and when one three-way cock is operated, the other is operated together. SOLUTION: For injecting a contrast medium, when a three-way cock B2 is rotated by an angle of 90 deg., a three-way cock A1 which is engaged with the B2 at gears 7, 7 is rotated by an angle of 90 deg. in the counter-clockwise direction, and an injection device 5 and a catheter 3 are connected in a line. At this time, a pressure transducer 4 is removed from the circuit and protected from high pressure during contrast media injection. The injecting device 5 is pressed and the contrast media is injected from the catheter 3 into a blood vessel. When the three-way cock B2 is rotated by an angle of 90 deg. in the counterclockwise direction to the original position immediately after injection, the three-way cock A1 which is linked to the B2 is rotated by an angle of 90 deg. in the clockwise direction, and the catheter 3 and the pressure transducer 4 is connected to monitor blood pressure.  At the same time, a contrast medium is injected into the injecting device 5, and the original condition is restored.
Under ultrasound-guide, we will use needle that is covered with guiding sheath. After desired vessel puncture, guiding sheath is instantly slid over the needle into the vessel. The needle is withdrawn, guidewire is advanced through the guiding sheath, central catheter is placed into the vessel. The procedure will be performed by experienced practitioner who were defined as board-certified anesthesiologist staffs and had experience of more than 50 central venous catheterizations in both techniques.
BACKGROUND: Clinical studies have indicated a comorbidity between sepsis and kidney diseases. Individuals with specific mutations that predispose them to kidney conditions are also at an elevated risk for developing sepsis, and vice versa. This suggests a potential shared genetic etiology that has not been fully elucidated.
METHODS: Summary statistics data on exposure and outcomes were obtained from genome-wide association meta-analysis studies. We utilized these data to assess genetic correlations, employing a pleiotropy analysis method under the composite null hypothesis to identify pleiotropic loci. After mapping the loci to their corresponding genes, we conducted pathway analysis using Generalized Gene-Set Analysis of GWAS Data (MAGMA). Additionally, we utilized MAGMA gene-test and eQTL information (whole blood tissue) for further determination of gene involvement. Further investigation involved stratified LD score regression, using diverse immune cell data, to study the enrichment of SNP heritability in kidney-related diseases and sepsis. Furthermore, we employed Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causality between kidney diseases and sepsis.
RESULTS: In our genetic correlation analysis, we identified significant correlations among BUN, creatinine, UACR, serum urate, kidney stones, and sepsis. The PLACO analysis method identified 24 pleiotropic loci, pinpointing a total of 28 nearby genes. MAGMA gene-set enrichment analysis revealed a total of 50 pathways, and tissue-specific analysis indicated significant enrichment of five pairs of pleiotropic results in kidney tissue. MAGMA gene test and eQTL information (whole blood tissue) identified 33 and 76 pleiotropic genes, respectively. Notably, genes PPP2R3A for BUN, VAMP8 for UACR, DOCK7 for creatinine, and HIBADH for kidney stones were identified as shared risk genes by all three methods. In a series of immune cell-type-specific enrichment analyses of pleiotropy, we identified a total of 37 immune cells. However, MR analysis did not reveal any causal relationships among them.
CONCLUSIONS: This study lays the groundwork for shared etiological factors between kidney and sepsis. The confirmed pleiotropic loci, shared pathogenic genes, and enriched pathways and immune cells have enhanced our understanding of the multifaceted relationships among these diseases. This provides insights for early disease intervention and effective treatment, paving the way for further research in this field.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs) have been described as an imaging feature specific to multiple sclerosis (MS) using high-field strength phase-sensitive MR imaging. These lesions are suggested to reflect chronic active inflammation associated with greater disease severity and a more rapid disability progression. The aim of our study is to investigate the relationship between PRLs, clinical parameters, other radiological findings and disease progression.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included MS patients treated with teriflunomide, fingolimod, natalizumab or ocrelizumab for at least 2 years. PRLs seen at 3T MRI were analysed and correlated with clinical data and radiological progression, defined as an increase of the T2/FLAIR-lesion load during therapy. In the search for alternatives for these PRLs, we defined two additional radiological markers: 'FLAIR-bullet lesions', and on post-contrast black-blood (BB) images, 'BB-bullet lesions'.
RESULTS: We included 84 MS patients of whom 27 (32 %) had at least 1 PRL. PRLs were associated with radiological progression under therapy (p=0.039) and higher clinical disability scores, although only significant for 9-Hole Peg Test (p=0.023). Patients with FLAIR-bullet or BB-bullet lesions at 3T MRI had a higher chance of PRL (p<0.001) with a likelihood ratio of 13.2 for FLAIR-bullets and 12.6 for BB-bullet lesions, thanks to the high negative predictive value of respectively 83 % and 90 %.
CONCLUSION: PRLs are associated with an increase of T2/FLAIR-lesion load under therapy and unfavourable clinical outcome. Our newly defined 'bullet lesions' are associated with PRLs and might be an interesting MRI marker for centres without access to high-field SWI images.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a means for maintaining emulsifying properties of an alkyl-modified carboxyvinyl polymer.  <P>SOLUTION: The skin care preparation in an emulsion dosage form comprises (a) an alkyl-modified carboxyvinyl polymer and/or its salt and a hydroxylated phospholipid. The content of the alkyl-modified carboxyvinyl polymer is preferably 0.01-0.1 mass%. The hydroxylated phospholipid is preferably a hydroxylated lecithin and the content of the hydroxylated lecithin is preferably 0.1-1 mass%. The cosmetic is preferably in an oil-in-water type emulsion dosage form.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
In the control group, patients receive only the preventive protocol bone marrow transplant industry, consisting of mouthwashes and sodium fluoride. For ethical reasons, individuals who present oral mucositis grade 2 (WHO) will receive LLLT.
Overdosage of carisoprodol commonly produces CNS depression. Death, coma, respiratory depression, hypotension, seizures, delirium, hallucinations, dystonic reactions, nystagmus, blurred vision, mydriasis, euphoria, muscular incoordination, rigidity, and/or headache have been reported with carisoprodol overdosage. Serotonin syndrome has been reported with carisoprodol intoxication. Many of the carisoprodol overdoses have occurred in the setting of multiple drug overdoses (including drugs of abuse, illegal drugs, and alcohol). The effects of an overdose of carisoprodol and other CNS depressants (e.g., alcohol, benzodiazepines, opioids, tricyclic antidepressants) can be additive even when one of the drugs has been taken in the recommended dosage. Fatal accidental and non-accidental overdoses of carisoprodol have been reported alone or in combination with CNS depressants.
BACKGROUND: The quick sequential [sepsis-related] organ failure assessment (qSOFA) acts as a prompt to consider possible sepsis. The contributions of individual qSOFA elements to assessment of severity and for prediction of mortality remain unknown.
METHODS: A total of 3974 patients with community-acquired pneumonia were recruited to an observational prospective cohort study. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), odds ratio, relative risk and Youden's index were employed to assess discrimination.
RESULTS: Respiratory rate ≥22/min demonstrated the most superior diagnostic value, indicated by largest odds ratio, relative risk and AUROC, and maximum Youden's index for mortality. However, the indices for altered mentation and systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≤100 mm Hg decreased notably in turn. The predictive validities of respiratory rate ≥22/min, altered mentation and SBP ≤100 mm Hg were good, adequate and poor for mortality, indicated by AUROC (0.837, 0.734 and 0.671, respectively). Respiratory rate ≥22/min showed the strongest associations with SOFA scores, pneumonia severity index, hospital length of stay and costs. However, SBP ≤100 mm Hg was most weakly correlated with the indices.
CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory rate ≥22/min made the greatest contribution to parsimonious qSOFA to assess severity and predict mortality. However, the contributions of altered mentation and SBP ≤100 mm Hg decreased strikingly in turn. It is the first known prospective evidence of the contributions of individual qSOFA elements to assessment of severity and for prediction of mortality, which might have implications for more accurate clinical triage decisions.
Prediabetes is the intermediate state and precursor that can lead to an eventual diagnosis of diabetes. The presence of an elevated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), as well as insulin resistance with concomitant β-cell dysfunction is a strong indicator of prediabetes. Dietary and lifestyle changes are the most effective methods to control and prevent prediabetes, but maintenance of these changes is often difficult. Pharmaceutical options are indicated for treatment of diabetes rather than prevention of prediabetes, however many are associated with side effects. Therefore, a safe and effective alternative to prevent disease in metabolically dysregulated individuals is necessary.

The novel nutraceutical KH-1 is comprised of spermidine, amino acids, and a probiotic. This nutraceutical may offer a promising strategy for managing prediabetes.

This study is a double-blinded randomized controlled trial with 48 healthy volunteers to test the efficacy and safety of the novel nutraceutical KH-1. A total of 48 participants will be randomized in a double-blinded fashion, with 24 participants in each study group (KH-1 vs. placebo). After screening and randomization, participants will consume their assigned study product for 3 months, after which all participants will be assigned to consume the KH-1 for the remaining 3 months in an open-label fashion. Upon arrival at the clinic at the screening visit, participants will review the informed consent form (ICF), and if they agree to participate in the study, will sign and date the ICF, complete a brief screening, provide demographic information, and take part in other study activities indicated to be done on the screening visit. Participants who complete the screening process and qualify to continue are randomized to receive either the KH-1 or placebo in a 1:1 ratio for the first 3 months and assigned a unique randomization code. After the first 3 months, all participants will take KH-1. Participants will be instructed on the use of the nutraceutical product/placebo, according to label instructions. Participants will self-administer the study product at home and compliance will be assessed and documented at each visit. Venous blood samples will be collected at Week 0, Week 12 and Week 24 and analysed for biomarkers of glucose regulation and metabolism, cardiovascular health, inflammatory and autophagy biomarkers. Haematology and biochemistry parameters will be measured at screening, week 0, week 12 and week 24. A qualitative health questionnaire will be completed at 3 in-clinic visits and physical measurements to assess safety of the nutraceutical.
PURPOSE:A plaster, obtained by containing Digenea in a plaster consisting of an adhesive substance and capable of stably holding a drug to be blended without decomposition. CONSTITUTION:A plaster obtained by containing Degenea in a plaster consisting of an adhesive substance, e.g. acrylic adhesive substance, rubber based adhesive substance, etc., tackifier, adhesive power and holding power adjustor, etc. The Degenea is used in the form of dried powdery material of Digenea simplex Agardh or solvent extract from the Degenea simplex Agardh and the amount thereof blended based on the adhesive substance is within the range of 0.05-20wt%, preferably 0.1-10wt% for the dried powdery material and within the range of 0.005-10wt%, preferably 0.01-5wt% for the solvent extract. This plaster is effective in formulating a phenolic hydroxyl group-containing compound, e.g. salicylic acid derivative or vitamin E, or amino based compound, e.g. ethanolamine based antihistaminic agent remarkably reducing the content thereof in plasters consisting of conventional adhesive substances.
Placebo is topically applied directly onto the wound bed and left on the wound bed for a 5-minute period. Subjects randomized to the control group will receive once a day application, for a total of 12 weeks with a double treatment, 10 minutes apart, on the first day. Standard of care will include evaluation to document, off-loading adequate arterial flow, wound cleaning, removal of necrotic, infected and/or nonviable tissue by debridement, maintenance of moist wound environment, and management of infection.
* Reconstitute and administer the lyophilized microsphere as a single IM injection as directed below. Visually inspect the drug product for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.   

  * Inject the LUPRON DEPOT 3.75 mg suspension immediately or discard if not used within two hours as the suspension does not contain a preservative.



1\. Visually inspect the LUPRON DEPOT 3.75 mg powder. Do not use the syringe if clumping or caking is evident. A thin layer of powder on the wall of the syringe is considered normal prior to mixing with the diluent. The diluent should appear clear. 

2\. To prepare for injection, screw the white plunger into the end stopper until the stopper begins to turn (see Figure A and Figure B). 

Figure A: 

Figure B: 

3\. Hold the syringe UPRIGHT. Release the diluent by SLOWLY PUSHING the plunger for 6 to 8 seconds until the first middle stopper is at the blue line in the middle of the barrel (see Figure C). 

Figure C: 

4\. Keep the syringe upright. Mix the microsphere powder thoroughly by gently shaking the syringe until the powder forms a uniform suspension. The suspension will appear milky. If the powder adheres to the stopper or caking/clumping is present, tap the syringe with your finger to disperse. Do not use if any of the powder has not gone into suspension (see Figure D). 

Figure D: 

5\. Keep the syringe upright. With the opposite hand pull the needle cap upward without twisting. 

6\. Keep the syringe upright. Advance the plunger to expel the air from the syringe. The syringe is now ready for injection. 

7\. After cleaning the injection site with an alcohol swab, administer the IM injection by inserting the needle at a 90-degree angle into the gluteal area, anterior thigh, or deltoid. Injection sites should be alternated (see Figure E). 

Figure E: 

Note: If a blood vessel is accidentally penetrated, aspirated blood will be visible just below the luer lock (see Figure F) and can be seen through the transparent LuproLoc® safety device. If blood is present, remove the needle immediately. Do not inject the medication. 

Figure F: 

8\. Inject the entire contents of the syringe intramuscularly.

9\. Withdraw the needle. Once the syringe has been withdrawn, immediately activate the LuproLoc® safety device by pushing the arrow on the lock upward towards the needle tip with the thumb or finger, as illustrated, until the needle cover of the safety device over the needle is fully extended and a click is heard or felt (see Figure G). 

Figure G: 

10\. Dispose of the syringe according to local regulations/procedures.
Enrollment of participants will be conducted at both Wake Forest and Atrium Health (approximately 40 participants at each site) following assessment of eligibility criteria and willingness to participate in the trial. Eligibility criteria are designed to target the population under study and exclude participants unable to safely take the study intervention or undergo study procedures. Informed consent will be obtained from qualified participants. Participants will complete baseline assessments before masked, random assignment to metformin or placebo. The assigned study medications will be dispensed by the research pharmacy. Participants will take assigned metformin or placebo for a treatment period of 20 weeks, starting at 500mg/day and escalating over the first 3 weeks to a target dose of 1500mg/day. Participants will be contacted every 2 weeks for assessment of adverse events, side effects, and adherence. At week 4, participants will be seen in clinic for safety laboratory assessments. At week 20, participants will complete follow-up assessments by an assessor blinded to treatment group.