anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Non-freezing oily substances suitable for the treatment of rheumatism by rubbing on the skin are obtained by heating an anhydrous salt of salicylic acid with esters of chloroacetic acid comprising esters of which the ester group consists of one or more open chain alcoholic residues having not less than three or more than eight carbon atoms, the products being salicoyl glycollic esters.  Isopropyl, butyl, amyl, hexyl and octyl esters are mentioned as being obtainable in this way.  By mixing these compounds with the known methyl and ethyl esters the tendency of the latter to crystallize is inhibited.  The mixture may be obtained by mixing the finished compounds or by conducting the above reaction with a mixture of the corresponding methyl and ethyl and the higher esters of chloroacetic acid.  A mixture of ethyl and isopropyl esters in equal parts is very suitable.  An example describes the preparation of salicoyl glycollic isopropyl ester.ALSO:Non-freezing oily substances suitable for the treatment of rheumatism by rubbing on the skin are obtained by heating an anhydrous salt of salicylic acid with esters of chloroacetic acid comprising esters of which the ester group consists of one or more open chain alcoholic residues having not less than three or more than eight carbon atoms, the products being salicoyl glycollic esters.  Isopropyl, butyl, amyl, hexyl and octyl esters are mentioned as being obtainable in this way.  By mixing these compounds with the known methyl and ethyl esters the tendency of the latter to crystallize is inhibited.  The mixture may be obtained by mixing the finished compounds or by conducting the above reaction with a mixture of the corresponding methyl and ethyl and the higher esters of chloroacetic acid.  A mixture of ethyl and isopropyl esters in equal parts is very suitable.  An example describes the preparation of salicoyl glycollic isopropyl ester according to the stated reaction.
BACKGROUND: Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for preventing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence. This retrospective study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the attenuation in Hounsfield units (HU) on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) as a prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following liver transplantation as a treatment. Our goal is to optimize its predictive ability for early tumor recurrence and compare it with the other imaging modality-positron emission tomography (PET).
METHODS: In 618 cases of LDLT for HCC, only 131 patients with measurable viable HCC on preoperative CECT and preoperative positron emission tomography (PET) evaluations were included, with a minimum follow-up period of 6 years. Cox regression models were developed to identify predictors of postoperative recurrence. Performance metrics for both CT and PET were assessed. The correlation between these two imaging modalities was also evaluated. Survival analyses were conducted using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and area under the curve (AUC) to assess accuracy and determine optimized cut-off points.
RESULTS: Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that both arterial-phase preoperative tumor attenuation (HU) and PET were independent prognostic factors for recurrence-free survival. Both lower arterial tumor enhancement (Cut-off value = 59.2, AUC 0.88) on CT and PET positive (AUC 0.89) increased risk of early tumor recurrence 0.5-year time-dependent ROC. Composites with HU < 59.2 and a positive PET result exhibited significantly higher diagnostic accuracy in detecting early tumor recurrence (AUC = 0.96).
CONCLUSION: Relatively low arterial tumor enhancement values on CECT effectively predict early HCC recurrence after LDLT. The integration of CT and PET imaging may serve as imaging markers of early tumor recurrence in HCC patients after LDLT.
BACKGROUND: Chronic pelvic pain is a common disease that affects approximately 4% of women of reproductive age in developed countries. This number is estimated to be higher in developing countries, with a significant negative personal and socioeconomic impact on women. The lack of data on this condition in several countries, particularly those in development and in socially and biologically vulnerable populations such as the indigenous, makes it difficult to guide public policies.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of chronic pelvic pain (dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, non-cyclical pain) and identify which variables are independently associated with the presence of the condition in indigenous women from Otavalo-Ecuador.
DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was carried out including a sample of 2429 women of reproductive age between 14 and 49 years old, obtained from April 2022 to March 2023. A directed questionnaire was used, collected by bilingual interviewers (Kichwa and Spanish) belonging to the community itself; the number of patients was selected by random sampling proportional to the number of women estimated by sample calculation. Data are presented as case prevalence, odds ratio, and 95% confidence interval, with p < 0.05.
RESULTS: The prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea, non-cyclic pelvic pain, and dyspareunia was, respectively, 26.6%, 8.9%, and 3.9%.all forms of chronic pain were independently associated with each other. Additionally, dysmenorrhoea was independently associated with hypertension, intestinal symptoms, miscegenation, long cycles, previous pregnancy, use of contraceptives and pear body shape. Pain in other sites, late menarche, exercise, and pear body shape were associated with non-cyclic pelvic pain. And, urinary symptoms, previous pregnancy loss, miscegenation, and pear body shape were associated with dyspareunia.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea and non-cyclical chronic pelvic pain was notably high, in contrast with the frequency of reported dyspareunia. Briefly, our results suggest an association between dysmenorrhoea and conditions related to inflammatory and/or systemic metabolic disorders, including a potential causal relationship with other manifestations of pelvic pain, and between non-cyclical pelvic pain and signs/symptoms suggesting central sensitization. The report of dyspareunia may be influenced by local cultural values and beliefs.
Treatment of hypokalemia: 

Daily dose range from 40 to 100 mEq. Give in 2 to 5 divided doses: limit doses to 40 mEq per dose. The total daily dose should not exceed 200 mEq in a 24 hour period.

Maintenance or Prophylaxis

Typical dose is 20 mEq per day. Individualize dose based upon serum potassium levels.   
Studies support the use of potassium replacement in digitalis toxicity. When alkalosis is present, normokalemia and hyperkalemia may obscure a total potassium deficit. The advisability of use of potassium replacement in the setting of hyperkalemia is uncertain.
A gene encoding the cholera toxin B subunit protein (CTB) is inserted into a plant expression vector. A preferred embodiment has the CTB gene fused to an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal (SEKDEL) adjacent to the mannopine synthase P2 promoter and has a bacterial luciferase reporter gene (lux F) linked to a P1 promoter. Potato leaf explants transformed by Agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying the vector and kanamycin-resistant plants are regenerated. The plant-derived CTB is antigenically indistinguishable from bacterial CTB, and oligomeric CTB molecules (Mr ∩ 50kDa) are the dominant molecular species isolated from transgenic potato leaf and tuber tissues. The maximum amount of CTB detected in auxin-induced transgenic potato leaf and tuber tissues is approximately 0.3 % of total soluble plant protein. Both serum and intestinal CTB-specific antibodies were induced in orally immunized mice. Mucosal antibody titers declined gradually after the last immunization but were restored following an oral booster of transgenic potato. The expression of oligomeric CTB with immunological and biochemical properties identical to native CTB in edible plants permits inexpensive food plant-based oral vaccines for protection against cholera and other pathogens in endemic areas throughout the world.
BACKGROUND: Despite the implementation of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs, surgical stress continues to influence postoperative rehabilitation, including the period after discharge. However, there is a lack of data available beyond the point of discharge following video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) wedge resection. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate incidence and risk factors for readmissions after ERAS VATS wedge resection.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on data from prospectively collected consecutive VATS wedge resections from June 2019 to June 2022. We evaluated main reasons related to wedge resection leading to 90-day readmission, early (occurring within 0-30 days postoperatively) and late readmission (occurring within 31-90 days postoperatively). To identify predictors for these readmissions, we utilized a logistic regression model for both univariable and multivariable analyses.
RESULTS: A total of 850 patients (non-small cell lung cancer 21.5%, metastasis 44.7%, benign 31.9%, and other lung cancers 1.9%) were included for the final analysis. Median length of stay was 1 day (IQR 1-2). During the postoperative 90 days, 86 patients (10.1%) were readmitted mostly due to pneumonia and pneumothorax. Among the cohort, 66 patients (7.8%) had early readmissions primarily due to pneumothorax and pneumonia, while 27 patients (3.2%) experienced late readmissions mainly due to pneumonia, with 7 (0.8%) patients experiencing both early and late readmissions. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that male gender, pulmonary complications, and neurological complications were associated with readmission.
CONCLUSIONS: Readmission after VATS wedge resection remains significant despite an optimal ERAS program, with pneumonia and pneumothorax as the dominant reasons. Early readmission was primarily associated with pneumothorax and pneumonia, while late readmission correlated mainly with pneumonia.
Matching placebo will be given as a single oral dose under fasted conditions. Matching placebo for the oral and intravenous administration of the 14C-radiolabeled ACT-1004-1239 will also be available.
Recent studies highlighted the role of astrocytes in neuroinflammatory diseases, particularly multiple sclerosis, interacting closely with other CNS components but also with the immune cells. However, due to the difficulty in obtaining human astrocytes, their role in these pathologies is still unclear. In this study we develop an astrocyte in vitro model to evaluate their role in multiple sclerosis after being treated with CSF isolated from both healthy and MS diagnosed patients. Gene expression and ELISA assays reveal that several pro-inflammatory markers IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6, were significantly downregulated in astrocytes treated with MS-CSF. In contrast, neurotrophic survival, and growth factors, and GFAP, BDNF, GDNF and VEGF, were markedly elevated upon the same treatment. In summary, this study supports the notion of the astrocyte involvement in MS. The results reveal the neuroprotective role of astrocyte in MS pathogenicity by suppressing excessive inflammation and increasing the expression of tropic factors.
Inflammation in the testes induced by infection and autoimmunity contributes significantly to male infertility, a public health issue. Current therapies using antibiotics and broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory drugs are ineffective against non-bacterial orchitis and induce side effects. This highlights the need to explore the pathogenesis of orchitis and develop alternative therapeutic strategies. In this study, we demonstrated that Gasdermin D (GSDMD) was activated in the testes during uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC)-induced acute orchitis, and that GSDMD in macrophages induced inflammation and affected spermatogenesis during acute and chronic orchitis. In testicular macrophages, GSDMD promoted inflammation and antigen presentation, thereby enhancing the T-cell response after orchitis. Furthermore, the pharmacological inhibition of GSDMD alleviated the symptoms of UPEC-induced acute orchitis. Collectively, these findings provide the first demonstration of GSDMD's role in driving orchitis and suggest that GSDMD may be a potential therapeutic target for treating orchitis.
PURPOSE:To change and display the size and the position of an area in real time by processing a vertical relaxating emphasized image containing the phase information by means of a picture to which the human visual characteristic are taken into consideration and then displaying the processed image. CONSTITUTION:A signal measuring part 21 of a display system consists of the coils for generation of a static magnetic field, a gradient magnetic field, a high frequency magnetic field, etc. and a detector. The measured signal is processed by a processor 22 for execution of reproduction of pictures and the picture processing. While the processed pictures are displayed on a display 23 and stored in a disk 24. The processor 22 processes a vertical emphasized image containing the phase information by means of a picture to which the human visual characteristics are taken into consideration. This processed image is displayed on the display 23. In this case, an absolute value image and the real vertical relaxating emphasized image are switched with each other for each area of the picture. While the entire area is displayed in an absolute value image at first and a noticed area is designated by a cursor. Then the real vertical relaxating emphasized image is displayed within the designated area.
The intervention consists in a test meal containing 250 g of cooked and peeled favabean, to provide 20 g protein. Fava bean are intrinsically labelled with 15N.
Completion of routine bronchoscopy, determination of the puncture position under EBUS guidance, combined with the results of chest CT, and application of the EBUS-TBNA needle to repeatedly aspirate the tissue for 5 strokes (one stroke is 30 round trips ). At the end of the puncture, EBUS-TBMC via a tunnel was then performed with a freezing time of 5-9 seconds (1.1-mm cryoprobe), and frozen 3 times to obtain 3 pieces of samples.
Adult eustachian tube dilatory dysfunction (ETDD) accounts for over 2 million healthcare visits annually. It can cause longstanding negative middle ear pressure which may lead to otitis media with effusion, tympanic membrane retraction, perforation, middle ear atelectasis and cholesteatoma. Despite this, effective treatments for ETDD are unavailable. Recently, balloon dilation of the eustachian tube (BDET) has gained popularity, where the cartilaginous portion of the Eustachian tube undergoes local dilation with balloon inflation. This technique underwent industry-funded clinical trials in the United States demonstrating its safety and it's superiority to medical management. However, these studies are confounded by industry funding and lack of a blinded control group, the latter of which is critical in a condition where patient-reported outcome measures are relied on. Furthermore, the randomized studies to date do not include patients with baro-challenge ETDD, where symptoms are limited to the context of ambient pressure changes. As such, the investigators opted to perform a non-industry-funded, placebo-controlled trial including both chronic and baro-challenge ETDD patients in a Canadian setting.

Potential participants will be identified as possible study candidates with either chronic ETDD or baro-challenge ETDD, who have failed conservative management. At baseline, participants would undergo pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, and otoscopy. An ETDQ7, ad hoc work/activity impairment questionnaire, and EQ-5D-5L questionnaire would be completed. The patient's ability to equalize their middle ear pressure would be assessed by direct visualization of the tympanic membrane as the patient equalizes their middle ear pressure. For patients with baro-challenge ETDD, a baseline ad hoc questionnaire to quantify their symptoms will be completed as well.

Patients would then be randomized into BDET versus placebo groups. Patients in the experimental group undergoing BDET in-office will undergo dilation after anxiolytic pre-medication, nasal decongestion, as well as topical anesthesia of the lateral tympanic membrane, the eustachian tube orifice, and the nasal cavity. Patients randomized to the placebo group would undergo a similar procedure in-office, but without dilation of the eustachian tube. Patients in the experimental group with contraindication to in-office BDET will undergo BDET under general anesthetic in an operating room setting. The participants' first follow-up visit with the surgeon is at 6 weeks post-procedure, where patients in the placebo control group would be offered the option to cross-over into the BDET group. Follow up would also be repeated at 12 weeks, 24 weeks, and 52 weeks post-procedure.
This is a prospective, single arm, early feasibility study designed to evaluate the safety and device performance of The RenalGuard System in the management of patients admitted with signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure who require diuresis for the treatment of volume overload. Subjects will be referred by their physician if he/she feels that the subject could benefit from observed diuresis in a hospital setting.

The device being utilized is called The RenalGuard® System (The System). By default, The System infuses a volume of hydration fluid equal to the volume of urine output. This is known as matched hydration. In addition, the clinician has the ability to adjust the matched setting such that RenalGuard can infuse hydration fluid to achieve a positive fluid balance (e.g. +100 ml/hr.) or a negative fluid balance (e.g. -100 ml/hr.). The purpose of this balanced fluid replacement is to prevent hypovolemia that may lead to hypotension and vital organ dysfunction, or fluid overload that may lead to shortness of breath in subjects in whom high urine output is desired.

All patients will be treated with The RenalGuard System for a minimum of 24-hours, and possibly longer, at the investigators discretion. They will be followed for 30 days post discharge. The protocol will enroll up to 40 subjects to develop the clinical algorithm required to optimally and safely perform removal of volume. The study will be conducted in up to 5 sites in Europe.
Anigiogenesis is controlled by administering to a mammal an effective amount of an inhibitor of arylsulfatase. Preferably, the arylsulfatase inhibitor is administered in a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle in combination with an angiostatic steroid and (optionally) heparin (by which term we include all forms and fragments of heparin having the desired angiostatic activity). Hydrocortisone is one specifically preferred steroid. The preferred arylsulfatase inhibitor is a carboxylic acid ester or a sulfuric acid ester of a benzylic alcohol, most preferably the esters defined more particularly below. The arylsulfatase inhibitor is preferably administered locally to the tissue experiencing undesired angiogenesis. Arylsulfatase inhibitor and an angiostatic steroid are included in a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle, preferably also with heparin, to yield an angiostatic thereapeutic composition. Also, coagulation of blood is inhibited by adding a composition comprising an arylsulfatase inhibitor and heparin to the blood. Such compositions are also disclosed.
Febuxostat tablet is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor. The active ingredient in febuxostat tablets is 2-[3-cyano-4-(2-methylpropoxy) phenyl]-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylic acid, with a molecular weight of 316.38. The empirical formula is C 16H 16N 2O 3S. 

The chemical structure is:

Febuxostat is a non-hygroscopic, white crystalline powder that is freely soluble in dimethylformamide; soluble in dimethylsulfoxide; sparingly soluble in ethanol; slightly soluble in methanol and acetonitrile; and practically insoluble in water. The melting range is 205°C to 208°C.

Febuxostat tablets for oral use contain the active ingredient, febuxostat, and are available in two dosage strengths, 40 mg and 80 mg. Inactive ingredients include croscarmellose sodium, hydroxypropyl cellulose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, silicon dioxide. Febuxostat tablets are coated with Opadry II, white, the ingredients of Opadry II are polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, talc and titanium dioxide.
The study was planned as randomized controlled and experimental design to compare the efficiency of three different methods protecting skin deficiencies using adhesive products for 4-6 weeks infants. The universe of the study consisted of 4-6 weeks infants in neonatal and infants clinics of Giresun Women's and Children's Hospital between the dates of October 2020-2021. Power analysis was performed through G\*Power (v3.1.7) programme in order to determine the number of the sample. At the beginning of the study, a pilot study was carried out with 15 participants from each of the groups and the effect size was calculated as d=0.672 regarding the assessment of skin condition scores and 108 participants in total should be included in the study as 36 participants for each groups in order to obtain 80% power in the level of α=0.05. Block randomization technique is applied in the study as a randomization method. "As for data collection "Infant desciption form" and "Neonatal Skin Condition Score Scale" is used. The scale is filled by two independent observer via double-blind method.
Apple Valsa canker, caused by the ascomycete fungus Valsa mali, employs virulence effectors to disturb host immunity and poses a substantial threat to the apple industry. However, our understanding of how V. mali effectors regulate host defense responses remains limited. Here, we identified the V. mali effector Vm_04797, which was upregulated during the early infection stage. Vm_04797, a secreted protein, suppressed Inverted formin 1 (INF1)-triggered cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana and performed virulence functions inside plant cells. Vm_04797 deletion mutants showed substantially reduced virulence toward apple. The adaptor protein MdAP-2β positively regulated apple Valsa canker resistance and was targeted and degraded by Vm_04797 via the ubiquitination pathway. The in vitro analysis suggested that Vm_04797 possesses E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Further analysis revealed that MdAP-2β is involved in autophagy by interacting with Malus domestica autophagy protein 16 MdATG16 and promoting its accumulation. By degrading MdAP-2β, Vm_04797 inhibited autophagic flux, thereby disrupting the defense response mediated by autophagy. Our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms employed by the effectors of E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in ascomycete fungi to regulate host immunity.
The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition with blood cooling and diarrhea stopping functions for livestock and poultries. The traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises components of, by weight: 10 to 40 parts of Chinese pulsatilla, 10 to 30 parts of semen ziziphi spinoae, 10 to 20 parts of golden thread, 10 to 20 parts of amur corktree bark, and 10 to 40 parts of ash bark. The medicine composition provides excellent functions of heat-evil clearing, superficial evil expelling, blood cooling, diarrhea stopping, tranquilizing, and pain relieving. The medicine composition brings no toxic or side-effect and no drug residue. The medicine satisfies security requirements of veterinary drugs and animal-sourced foodstuffs. Also, the medicine composition is characterized in low cost, convenient application, and simple preparation method.