anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy Category B

Data from published studies in pregnant women have shown no increase in the risk of teratogenic effects or adverse pregnancy outcomes following mefloquine treatment or prophylaxis during pregnancy. Reproduction studies in mice, rats and rabbits have shown teratogenic effects at doses similar to the clinical acute treatment dose in humans. Because the studies in humans cannot rule out the possibility of harm, mefloquine should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.

Published data on mefloquine use during pregnancy include randomized controlled trials, intervention trials, prospective and retrospective cohort studies, and case series. These data showed that pregnant women who took mefloquine at various doses for both prevention and treatment of malaria did not have an increased risk of teratogenic effects or adverse pregnancy outcomes compared to the background rate in the general population. These data include more than 700 exposures to mefloquine in the first trimester of pregnancy and over 2,000 exposures in the second and third trimester.

Mefloquine administered to pregnant mice, rats, and rabbits was teratogenic at doses similar to the clinical acute treatment dose of 21 to 25 mg/kg, based on body surface area comparisons. In all three animal species, CNS effects (e.g., exencephaly, hydrocephaly or partially missing medulla oblongata) and craniofacial malformations were observed. At the same doses, mefloquine was also embryotoxic in mice and rabbits. All of these findings were observed at doses that were maternally toxic.
A medical system ( 10 ) and method monitor a patient. Patient data for the patient received. The patient data includes vital sign measurements and laboratory results. A vital signs instability index (VEX) regarding a physiological condition of the patient is calculated from the received vital sign measurements. A laboratory instability index (LIX) regarding the physiological condition is calculated from the received laboratory results. The VEX and the LIX are integrated into an indicator of patient deterioration.
Subjects randomly assigned to the TEST Contact Lens or the CONTROL Contact Lens in the TEST / CONTROL wearing sequence will wear each of the study lenses for 4 weeks according to the manufacturer's guidelines. Subjects will be dispensed the other (second) lens type at the second dispense visit.
Groups 1 and 2: Parallel groups, randomized to hypothermia or no hypothermia. Both groups receive tPA as a part of standard of care.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound SA3097 expressed by formula I (R<1> is H or lower alkyl; R<2> is lower alkyl) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. EXAMPLE:A compound expressed by formula II. USE:A carcinostatic agent. PREPARATION:A microorganism, e.g. Streptomyces.sp. SA-3097 strain (FERM P-11481), belonging to the genus Streptomyces and having the ability to produce the compound SA3097 expressed by formula I is cultured and the compound expressed by formula I is then collected from the resultant culture thereof according to a well-known method.
PURPOSE:A biosynthetic inhibitor for fatty acids, containing a specific dicarboxylic acid as an active constituent, and capable of inhibiting acetyl CoA carboxylase and treating obesity due to excess fat causing arteriosclerosis, diabetes, etc. CONSTITUTION:A biosynthetic inhibitor for fatty acids containing a dicarboxylic acid of the formula (R is alkyl or alkenyl; n is 0 or an integer 1-6), anhydride or a salt thereof as an active constituent. The compound of the formula is capable of inhibiting acetyl CoA carboxylase which is a rate determining enzyme of a synthetic system for the fatty acids. Thus, the accumulation of excess fat which is a direct or indirect cause for arteriosclerosis, diabetes or gout, etc. having a tendency to cause complication is inhibited. The above-mentioned inhibitor can be orally or parenterally administered. The daily dose thereof is usually 0.1-2,000mg/kg. The compound of the formula can be produced by the well-known method.
Laparoscopic surgery is a modern surgical technique used for various surgeries such as cholecystectomy, appendectomy and hernia repair. There are a number of advantages of this technique including reduced pain and bleeding, shorter recovery time and hospital stay, and over all reduced healthcare costs. The type of pain after laparoscopic surgery differs considerably from that occurs after laparotomy. Usually patients experience diffuse pain in abdomen, back and shoulder. Acute pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy has three different components: incisional pain (somatic pain), visceral pain (deep intra-abdominal pain), and shoulder pain (presumably referred visceral pain) . Postoperative nausea and vomiting is a commonly observed phenomenon after laparoscopic procedures. Its incidence increases depending on the anesthetic techniques used. Pain intensity usually peaks during the first postoperative period and usually declines over the following 2-3 days. Pain can prolong hospital stay and lead to increased morbidity.

Inadequately treated pain may lead to splinting, loss of sighing and decrease in vital capacity, and these may contribute to postoperative pulmonary morbidity. Various multimodal approaches have, therefore, been tried to ameliorate postoperative pain. These include parenteral analgesics, local infiltration with local anesthetics, epidural and intrathecal opioids and local anesthetics, interpleural and intercostals nerve blocks as well as intraperitoneal routes that in turn has been explored with local anesthetics and opioids . In order to get an instant relief, polypharmacy is commonly practiced which can be potentially harmful to the patient and can lead to re-admission. It has been appreciated that multiple glutamate receptors are expressed on peripheral nerve terminals, and these may contribute to peripheral nociceptive sensation .

Administration of magnesium sulphate via different routes has been used in anaesthetic practice for decreasing perioperative pain. Parenteral magnesium sulphate has been used for many years as an antiarrhythmic agent and for seizure prophylaxis in eclampsia and preeclampsia. It is N-methyl d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist and suppresses these receptor induced inflammation and hyper responsiveness . The antinociceptive effect of magnesium sulphate is not only useful in chronic pain, but it also determines in part, the duration and intensity of postoperative pain . These effects are due to calcium antagonism and decrease influx of calcium into the cell and antagonism of NMDA receptor. As these receptors regulate neuronal signalling and are involved in pain processing, magnesium sulphate by blocking this receptor, decreases postoperative pain as well .
Tribal communities have a problem. They experience a disproportionate rate of substance use and mental illness. Research shows that customized digital tools designed with the community, integrating local culture and resources are more effective in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. However, the cost of design and development renders quality app creation for small markets infeasible. Digital Support for Problem-Solving Therapy in a Tribal Community (DSPT) solves this problem through dramatically reducing software design time by using AI for task analysis and to combine tasks, service programs' geographic coordinates and hours and applying the proprietary 7 Gen Blocks software components to reduce development time. The resulting mobile application will be used by intervention groups on two reservations. At baseline, three months and six months post, both the intervention and randomly assigned control group (total N =100) will complete standardized, validated measures of depression, anxiety and substance use disorder symptoms. All participants will be enrolled members in a federally recognized tribe, over 18 years of age and have a diagnosis of an anxiety, depression or substance use disorder.
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death. This is attributed to the dramatic changes in the myocardial microenvironment post-MI. Therefore, effective intervention in the early stages of MI is significant for inhibiting its progression and improving cardiac function. Herein, an injectable composite hydrogel scaffold (Gel-pBP@Mg) was developed by integrating magnesium (Mg)-modified black phosphorus nanosheets (pBP@Mg) into a reactive oxygen species-responsive hydrogel (Gel). This loose and porous Gel provides a natural platform for carrying pBP@Mg. In situ, sustained release of pBP@Mg is achieved via responsive ROS degradation in the infarct site. The high ROS reactivity of Black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) can effectively inhibit the progression of oxidative stress in the infarct area and reduce inflammatory response by down-regulating the NF-κB pathway. Additionally, the sustained release of Mg loaded on the surface of BPNSs can effectively promote angiogenesis in MI, which is significant for the long-term prognosis after infarction. Our developed Gel-pBP@Mg effectively blocked infarction progression and improved myocardial function by sustainably inhibiting the "oxidative stress-inflammation" reaction chain and pro-angiogenesis. This study reveals Gel-pBP@Mg composite therapeutic potential in treating MI through In vitro and In vivo studies, providing a promising modality for MI treatment.
INTRODUCTION: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) can be employed in both research and clinical care to enhance our understanding of outcomes that matter to patients. This narrative review aims to describe PROM use in recent pediatric surgical research, identify and describe psychometrically robust PROMs, providing an overview of those derived from pediatric patient input, and make recommendations for future research.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A search was conducted to identify articles published from 2021 to August 2023 describing the availability and/or use of at least one valid or reliable PROM in children with conditions including anorectal malformations, biliary atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, duodenal atresia, esophageal atresia, abdominal wall defects, Hirschsprung's disease, sacrococcygeal teratoma, and short bowel syndrome. Articles were categorized based on their objectives in applying PROMs. Psychometrically robust PROMs were identified and described.
RESULTS: Out of the 345 articles identified, 49 met the inclusion criteria. Seventeen focused on esophageal atresia and 14 on Hirschsprung's disease. Twenty-nine PROMs were identified, with 12 deemed psychometrically robust. Seven psychometrically robust PROMs were developed using patient input in the primary item generation. Most PROMs were applied to advance understanding of conditions and/or treatment and fewer were developed or psychometrically evaluated. No PROMs were assessed for their impact or incorporated into an implementation study.
CONCLUSIONS: This review reveals gaps in the application of PROMs in recent pediatric surgical research. Emphasis should be placed on the development and utilization of psychometrically robust PROMs, broadening the scope of covered diseases, conducting impact assessments, and evaluating implementation strategies.
Acute diverticulitis is a common disease in the western world. Perforation of the acute diverticulitis with peritonitis is a feared complication and standard treatment (primary sigmoid resection such as Hartmann's procedure) still has unsatisfactory results. Both mortality and morbidity are quite high. Several uncontrolled trials have reported a lower mortality and morbidity when acute perforated diverticulitis is treated with laparoscopic lavage instead of radical surgery. The investigators wish to conduct a randomized multicenter trial in Scandinavia in order to compare the rates of severe postoperative complications in acute perforated diverticulitis if treated by traditional primary sigmoid resection or by laparoscopic lavage. The investigators are planning to include all patients admitted to the participating hospitals with clinical and radiological findings of acute perforated diverticulitis.
This invention relates to novel coating formulations for coating sustained-release drug implants. The coating formulations are capable of forming a porous film coat over a biologically active agent to provide release of the active agent at a constant rate over a prolonged period of time. The pore forming agent is used in the formulation of the invention in the amount effective to regulate the release of a biologically active compound at a desired rate. Preferably, the effective amount of the pore forming agent provides long term delivery of the active agent. The invention also provides an improved implant for the sustained administration of a biologically active compound suitable for subcutaneous implantation. The invention also relates to methods for making and using the formulation and the implant of the invention.
IMPORTANCE: More than 3.5 million people worldwide and 540 000 individuals in the US receive maintenance hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis for the treatment of chronic kidney failure. The 5-year survival rate is approximately 40% after initiation of maintenance dialysis.
OBSERVATIONS: Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis remove metabolic waste and excess body water and rebalance electrolytes to sustain life. There is no recommended estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) threshold for initiating dialysis, and patient-clinician shared decision-making should help determine when to initiate dialysis. Persistent signs and symptoms of uremia (eg, nausea, fatigue) and volume overload (eg, dyspnea, peripheral edema), worsening eGFR, metabolic acidosis, and hyperkalemia inform the timing of therapy initiation. A randomized clinical trial reported no mortality benefit to starting dialysis at higher eGFR (10-14 mL/min/1.73 m2) vs lower eGFR (5-7 mL/min/1.73 m2) levels. Observational data suggested no differences in 5-year mortality with use of hemodialysis vs peritoneal dialysis. Cardiovascular (eg, arrhythmias, cardiac arrest) and infection-related complications of maintenance dialysis are common. In the US, hemodialysis catheter-related bloodstream infections occur at a rate of 1.1 to 5.5 episodes per 1000 catheter-days and affect approximately 50% of patients within 6 months of catheter placement. Peritonitis occurs at a rate of 0.26 episodes per patient-year and affects about 30% of individuals in the first year of peritoneal dialysis therapy. Chronic kidney failure-related systemic complications, such as anemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and hypertension, often require pharmacologic treatment. Hypotension during dialysis, refractory symptoms (eg, muscle cramps, itching), and malfunction of dialysis access can interfere with delivery of dialysis.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In 2021, more than 540 000 patients in the US received maintenance hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis for treatment of chronic kidney failure. Five-year survival rate after initiation of maintenance dialysis is approximately 40%, and the mortality rate is similar with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Decisions about dialysis initiation timing and modality are influenced by patient symptoms, laboratory trajectories, patient preferences, and therapy cost and availability and should include shared decision-making.
Investigators successfully established a miniaturized system that allows the setup of hundreds of wells and perform assays with minimal manipulation. The adapted geometry used to plate tumor cells in Matrigel, to generate mini-rings around the rim of the wells. This is attained by plating single-cell suspensions obtained from a cell line or a surgical specimen pre-mixed with cold Matrigel in a ring shape around the rim in 96-well plates. Rings can be established using a single-well or multichannel pipette. Cancer cell lines grown in mini-ring format give rise to organized tumor organoids that recapitulate features of the original histology. Treatment protocols and readouts for the mini-ring approach have been optimized. Seeding cells takes place on day 0, 2-3 days are allowed to establish organoids and it is followed by two consecutive daily drug treatments. The assay is flexible and can be easily adapted to single treatments followed by longer incubations, multiple consecutive recurring treatments, multi-drug combinations, or other screening strategies. Assays were implemented to quantify drug response by measuring cell viability after staining of live organoids with specific dyes followed by imaging. The pipeline has been extended to sarcomas: the team characterized organoids established from over 120 sarcoma biopsies, resections, and metastasectomies. Sarcoma organoids showed patient-specific growth characteristics and subtype-specific histopathology. Organoid sensitivity correlated with diagnostic subtype, patient age at diagnosis, lesion type, prior treatment history, and disease trajectory for a subset of the compounds screened. Organoid screening can provide information to facilitate optimal drug selection, avoid ineffective therapies, and mirror patient outcomes in sarcoma.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the medicinal preparation containing lipophilic inert gas. Invention proposes the medicinal preparation that comprises lipophilic gas eliciting pharmacological effect being in dissolved or dispersed form. This preparation is especially useful for initial narcosis. EFFECT: expanded spectrum action of intravenous medicinal preparation, valuable medicinal property. 13 cl, 3 tbl
Group of patients receiving a new hydrocortisone formulation in the form of chewable tablets. Patients in this group will take the 3D printed chewable tablets orally for a duration of three months.
Objective methods for diagnosing a predisposition to developing pancreatic cancer and prostate cancer, particularly pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and castration-resistant prostate cancer, are described herein. In one embodiment, the diagnostic method involves the step of determining an expression level of C12ORF48 using siRNAs targeting the C12ORF48 gene. The invention also features products such as siRNAs as well as to compositions containing them. The present invention further provides methods of screening for therapeutic agents useful in the treatment of C12ORF48 associated disease, such as a cancer, e.g. pancreatic cancer and prostate cancer, as well as methods of inhibiting the cell growth and treating or alleviating one or more disease symptoms. The invention also features products such as double stranded molecules, as well as vectors and compositions containing them.
PURPOSE:To provide a preventive for viral infection effective even in vivo, and containing an adenosine derivative (generic name: 2'-5'A) or its salt as an active component. CONSTITUTION:The adenosine derivative of formula (n is integer of 2-8; m is integer of 1-4; is OH or H) (abbreviated as 2'-5'A) or its salt is used as a preventive for viral infection, especially for infection with herpes virus. Antiviral activity of 2'-5'A to the BHK cell infected with HSV was confirmed in vitro, and the activity to the vagina of Guinea pig was confirmed in vivo. No side effects were noticed. A compound of formula wherein X is OH and n and m are 2 is especially preferable. It can be administered in arbitrary form such as tablet, suppository, injection, ointment, eyedrop, etc., and is usually used as an external drug in the case of using as a preventive for infection with herpes virus. PEG is used as a base for the external drug.
Intracerebral hemorrhage refers to the hemorrhage caused by the rupture of blood vessels in the non-traumatic brain parenchyma, accounting for 20% to 30% of all strokes, with an acute mortality rate of 30% to 40%. Different degrees of movement disorders, language disorders, etc. will be left behind. It is of great clinical significance to deeply explore the relevant factors and effective treatment plans for the evolution of cerebral hemorrhage. 30% of hematomas can still have active bleeding within 20 hours of onset. The INTERACT test defines hematoma expansion as 24-48 hours of repeated non-enhanced CT. The increase in hematoma volume \>12.5ml or 33% of the original volume is the cause of neurological deterioration and abnormality. An important cause of poor prognosis, studies have confirmed that irregular hematoma morphology is a strong predictor of hematoma expansion. Treatment of cerebral hemorrhage currently includes medical treatment and surgical treatment. Surgical treatment has become an important method for the treatment of ICH due to its advantages of rapid removal of hematoma, relief of high intracranial pressure, and release of mechanical compression. However, whether surgery can reduce the mortality of patients with cerebral hemorrhage and improve neurological damage is still controversial. Surgical operations include dstereotactic intracranial hematoma puncture and drainage, decompressive craniectomy , neuroendoscopic. Currently, there are large randomized controlled trials at home and abroad on minimally invasive hematoma evacuation. The treatment of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage is safe, but the effectiveness of minimally invasive surgery is unclear due to inconsistent bleeding volume, surgical trauma, and hematoma morphology.
Hollow glass microspheres (HGMS) with a controlled nanotopographical surface structure (NSHGMS) demonstrate improved isolation and recovery of cell from biological fluid. NSHGMS can be achieved by applying layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of negatively charged SiO2 nanoparticles and positively charged poly-L-arginine molecules. Then, a sheathing can be applied to the surface with an enzymatically degradable LbL film made from biotinylated alginate and poly-L-arginine. Further, a cap of anti-EpCAM antibodies and anti-fouling PEG molecules can be applied to the sheathed film covering the microspheres. Compared to smooth-surfaced HGMS, NSHGMS reveals shorter isolation times, enhanced capture efficiency and lower detection limit in, for example, commonly used cancer cell lines. An NSHGMS-based cell isolation method does not require specialized lab equipment or an external power source, and thus, can be used for separation of targeted cells from blood or other body fluid in a resource-limited environment.
A computer-implemented method utilizing blockchain technology for managing healthcare records is provided. The computer-implemented method comprises providing a computer network with one or more computing devices that are interconnected through the computer network. The computer-implemented method comprises submitting a proposal from a first computing device of the one or more computing devices to a plurality of endorsing peers for approval. The computer-implemented method comprises approving the proposal by the plurality of endorsing peers with the at least one computing device and replying to the proposal with a response comprising a peer approved transaction. The computer-implemented method comprises creating a private peer-to-peer communication channel between the first computing device and a second computing device. The computer-implemented method comprises creating a block of transactions and adding the block of transactions to a ledger.