anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
MYOVIEW 30 mL is a kit for the preparation of technetium Tc99m tetrofosmin injection for intravenous use. Technetium Tc99m tetrofosmin is a radioactive diagnostic agent. Each multiple-dose 30 mL glass vial contains a sterile, non-pyrogenic, lyophilized powder of 1.38 mg tetrofosmin [6,9-bis(2-ethoxyethyl)-3,12-dioxa-6,9-diphosphatetradecane], 0.09 mg stannous chloride dihydrate, (minimum stannous tin 0.015 mg; total stannous and stannic tin 0.0522 mg) 1.92 mg disodium sulphosalicylate, 3 mg sodium D-gluconate, and 11 mg sodium hydrogen carbonate, and 3 mg ascorbic acid. The lyophilized powder is sealed under a nitrogen atmosphere with a rubber closure. The product contains no antimicrobial preservative. The chemical formula of tetrofosmin is C18H40O4P2 with the following structural formula:

When sterile, pyrogen-free sodium pertechnetate Tc99m in isotonic saline is added to the vial, a Tc99m complex of tetrofosmin is formed. The radiolabeled product is a clear solution and the pH is in the range of 7.5 to 9.0.
INTRODUCTION: With the introduction of minimally invasive cardiac surgery, more commonly cases of lung herniation are starting to appear. Acquired lung hernias are classified as postoperative, traumatic, pathologic, and spontaneous. Up to 83% of lung hernias are intercostal. Herein, we describe patients presenting with intercostal lung hernias following minimally invasive cardiac surgery at a single center in Medellín, Colombia.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective search of all patients presenting with intercostal lung hernias secondary to minimally invasive cardiac surgery at our clinic in Medellín since the beginning of our program, from 2010 to 2022. Mini-sternotomies were excluded from our study. We reviewed the incision type and other possible factors leading to intercostal lung hernia development. We also describe the approach taken for these patients.
RESULTS: From 2010 up until 2022, 803 adult patients underwent minimally invasive cardiac surgeries through a mini-thoracotomy. At the time of data retrieval, nine patients presented with intercostal lung hernias at the previous incision site. Five hernias (55%) were from right 2nd intercostal parasternal mini-thoracotomies for aortic valve surgeries. Four hernias (45%) were from right 4th intercostal lateral mini-thoracotomies for mitral valve surgeries. Our preferred repair technique is a video-assisted thoracoscopic mesh approach.
CONCLUSION: Minimally invasive cardiac surgical approaches are becoming more routine. Proper wound closure is critical in preventing lung hernias. Additionally, timely diagnosis and opportune hernia surgery using video-assisted thoracoscopic mesh repair can prevent further complications.
Active disease; RRMS patients in acute clinical relapse or with active MRI. Blood sample obtained within 30 days of event AND before steroid treatment (or) patients in early disease on or off first line agents with relapse in prior 3 months AND not treated with steroids for at least 2 months.
The usual dosage in adult and pediatric patients is 6 grams per day administered orally in divided doses of 3 grams twice daily. In pediatric patients less than 3 years of age, dosage may be started at 100 mg/kg/day divided in twice daily doses, and then increased weekly by 50 mg/kg increments.   
Therapy with Cystadane should be directed by physicians knowledgeable in the management of patients with homocystinuria. Patient response to Cystadane can be monitored by homocysteine plasma levels. Dosage in all patients can be gradually increased until plasma total homocysteine is undetectable or present only in small amounts. Response (by homocysteine plasma levels) usually occurs within several days and steady state within a month. Plasma methionine concentrations should be monitored in patients with CBS deficiency [See Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].   


Dosages of up to 20 grams per day have been necessary to control homocysteine levels in some patients. However, one pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic in vitro simulation study indicated minimal benefit from exceeding a twice-daily dosing schedule and a 150 mg/kg/day dosage for Cystadane.
Select 60 patients undergoing elective awake tracheal intubation surgery. Instruct patients to fast （no food or drink） for 8 hours before the procedure. Upon admission to the operating room, monitor patients' ECG （electrocardiogram）, BP （blood pressure）, and SpO2 （pulse oxygen saturation）. Establish intravenous access in the upper extremities and administer normal saline solution. Administer a loading dose of dexmedetomidine at 0.5 μg/kg over 5 minutes and remifentanil 0.5μg.kg-1, followed by an infusion at a rate of 0.3-0.6 μg/（kg·h） , 0.1μg.kg-1.min-1 by micropump infusion respectively. Perform radial artery puncture and catheter placement for invasive arterial pressure monitoring. Use a computer-generated random number table to allocate patients into two groups in a 1:1 ratio. To ensure objectivity, a nurse not involved in the study prepares sealed opaque envelopes containing the group assignments. All patients are divided into the Thyroid Cartilage Plane Block Group （T Group） and the Control Group （C Group）. All patients received topical oral and pharyngeal anesthesia using 2.4% lidocaine spray administered by an experienced anesthesiologist. The pharyngeal surface was sprayed twice, with each spray lasting one second, and repeated after a 5-minute interval. Each spray contained approximately 16 mg lidocaine. Patients in the C Group receive airway surface anesthesia using the fiberoptic bronchoscope-guided local anesthetic spray method throughout the vocal cord and tracheal with 5 ml 2% lidocaine respectively. In the experimental T Group, ultrasound-guided bilateral Thyroid Cartilage Plane Block is performed using the thyroid cartilage plate as an anatomical landmark.2.5 ml 2% lidocaine local anesthetic is injected on the surface of the thyroid cartilage plate. The blocking procedure is as follows: Use a Sonosite high-frequency linear array transducer (5-13 MHz, Sonosite, USA). Place the transducer parallel to the spine on one side of the neck, ensuring clear visualization of the thyroid cartilage plate under ultrasound. Employ ultrasound-guided out-of-plane techniques to display the needle insertion path and tip. Once the needle tip contacts the upper half of the thyroid cartilage plate, inject 2.5ml of 2% lidocaine on the surface of the thyroid cartilage plate （the dosage is consistent with the commonly used local anesthetic volume for classic superior laryngeal nerve block methods in clinical practice）. Subsequently, perform fiberoptic bronchoscope-guided subglottic, and tracheal surface anesthesia. After completing surface anesthesia, select an appropriate-sized tracheal tube and perform fiberoptic bronchoscope-guided tracheal intubation, securing it properly.
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders in the world. Common epileptic drugs generally affect ion channels or neurotransmitters and prevent the emergence of seizures. However, up to a third of the patients suffer from drug-resistant epilepsy, and there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic strategies that go beyond acute antiepileptic (antiseizure) therapies towards therapeutics that also might have effects on chronic epilepsy comorbidities such as cognitive decline and depression. The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) mediates rapid mitochondrial Ca2+ transport through the inner mitochondrial membrane. Ca2+ influx is essential for mitochondrial functions, but longer elevations of intracellular Ca2+ levels are closely associated with seizure-induced neuronal damage, which are underlying mechanisms of cognitive decline and depression. Using neuronal-specific MCU knockout mice (MCU-/-ΔN), we demonstrate that neuronal MCU deficiency reduced hippocampal excitability in vivo. Furthermore, in vitro analyses of hippocampal glioneuronal cells reveal no change in total Ca2+ levels but differences in intracellular Ca2+ handling. MCU-/-ΔN reduces ROS production, declines metabolic fluxes, and consequently prevents glioneuronal cell death. This effect was also observed under pathological conditions, such as the low magnesium culture model of seizure-like activity or excitotoxic glutamate stimulation, whereby MCU-/-ΔN reduces ROS levels and suppresses Ca2+ overload seen in WT cells. This study highlights the importance of MCU at the interface of Ca2+ handling and metabolism as a mediator of stress-related mitochondrial dysfunction, which indicates the modulation of MCU as a potential target for future antiepileptogenic therapy.
Anthracyclines such as doxorubicin are chemotherapeutic molecules are also widely incorporated in many chemotherapy protocols. However, their clinical use is still limited by time- and dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Herein the inventors have determined the therapeutic potential of acidic nanoparticles (NPs) in doxo-treated cardiac cells. In particular, they have identified a set of grafted nanoparticles as non-toxic and which rapidly internalize into lysosomes in cardiac cells. Such NPs improve lysosomal acidification and autophagic flux blockade caused by bafilomycin A1, chloroquine and doxorubicin, resulting in reduced oxidative stress, preserved mitochondrial integrity and improved cell survival. Thus, the invention relates to a biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticle having a diameter of 100 nm or less, wherein the nanoparticle is selected from: a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticle, a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanoparticle, a poly(glutamic acid) (PGA) nanoparticle, a polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticle, and/or a polyester nanoparticle; for use in a method for treating or preventing a cardiomyopathy or anthracycline cytotoxicity.
NEW MATERIAL:The compound of formula I [X is Ala or Thr; Y is cyclic amino acid residue of formula II (A is S or methylene; n is 0 or 1); Z is mercapto-protecting group] and its salt. EXAMPLE:The compound of formula III. USE:A remedy for osteoporosis, Bechet's disease of bone, hypercalcemia, etc. It lowers the Ca<2+>-concentration in serum and has high stability and biological activity. PREPARATION:Pro which is the C-terminal amino acid of the objective calcitonin derivative is bonded to an insoluble resin (preferably benzhydrylamine resin, etc.). Protected amino acids are successively bonded to the C-terminal side according to the amino acid sequence of said derivative. Finally, the resultant protected peptide resin is subjected to final deprotection reaction by treating said resin with hydrogen fluoride, etc.
R/R MCL after one, two, three or four lines of treatment including BTKi treatment (or BTKi intolerant), with complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) or with stable disease (SD) after salvage immunochemotherapy (R-BAC, Rituximab - Bendamustine, Ara-C x 2 cycles) will undergo consolidation with loncastuximab tesirine. A patient with CR, PR or SD after one R-BAC course, which is unable to undergo a second course due to toxicity to chemotherapy, can be considered to proceed for consolidation.
INTRODUCTION: Local therapies for high risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) such as intravesical chemotherapy (IVC) have shown a high rate of progression and recurrence. Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) for local therapies has been shown to reduce progression and recurrence in patient with NMIBC. However, its potential role is limited in high burden countries for tuberculosis (TB) due to its low specificity that can cause wrong diagnosis or false positive in patients with clinically diagnosed tuberculosis. BCG vaccine that has to be given for most people in tuberculosis endemic countries will induce trained immunity that could reduce the effectivity of intravesical BCG for NMIBC. Moreover, intravesical BCG is contraindicated in patient with or previous tuberculosis. The potential clinical benefit of intraarterial chemotherapy (IAC) in delaying the recurrence and progression of high-risk NMIBC have been investigated with promising results. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the potential anti-tumor effect of IAC in NMIBC.
METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search of published articles in Cochrane Library, Pubmed, and Science-Direct to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing IAC alone or combined with IVC versus IVC/BCG alone in NMIBC. The protocol of preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) was applied to this study.
RESULTS: Four RCTs and 4 cohort observational studies were eligible in this study and 5 studies were included in meta-analysis. The risk ratio of tumor recurrence was reduced by 35% (RR = 0.65; 95% CI 0.49-0.87; p = 0.004) in IAC plus IVC, while recurrence-free survival (RFS) was prolonged by 45% (HR: 0.55; 95% CI, 0.44-0.69; p < 0.001). The risk of tumor progression was reduced by 45% (RR = 0.55; 95% CI 0.41-0.75; p = 0.002) and tumor progression-free survival (PFS) was also prolonged by 53% (HR: 0.47; 95% CI, 0.34-0.65; p<0.001). Some RCT's had high or unclear risk of bias, meanwhile 4 included cohort studies had overall low risk of bias, therefore the pooled results need to be interpreted cautiously. Subgroup analysis revealed that the heterogeneity outcome of tumour recurrence might be attributed to the difference in NMIBC stages and grades.
CONCLUSIONS: The IAC alone or combined with IVC following bladder tumor resection may lower the risk of tumor recurrence and progression. These findings highlight the importance of further multi institutional randomized controlled trials with bigger sample size using a standardized IAC protocol to validate the current results.
PURPOSE: The impact of sarcopenia in oncology is increasingly recognized, yet little is known about its clinical implications in breast cancer. This systematic review and meta-analysis estimates the overall prevalence of sarcopenia in breast cancer, quantifies skeletal muscle index (SMI), and comprehensively evaluates sarcopenia's impact on clinical outcomes.
METHODS: We systematically searched primary original research published before June 2023 in four databases: the Cochrane Library via Wiley, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Embase via Elsevier Excerpta Medica, and Medline via Ovid. Standardized mean SMI and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by applying the random-effects model. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the National Institutes of Health quality assessment checklist.
RESULTS: The systematic review included 17 studies with a total of 9863 patients; the meta-analysis included 12 of these studies. The mean prevalence of sarcopenia in breast cancer (stages I-III) was 32.5%. The mean SMI assessed by CT was 43.94 cm2/m2 (95% CI 42.87, 45.01; p < .01). Overall, low muscle mass was associated with chemotherapy toxicities, dose reductions, dose delays, or treatment discontinuation. Low muscle mass was generally associated with poor survival, but in some studies, this association was not significant or reversed direction.
CONCLUSION: Sarcopenia is not just a state of muscle mass loss, but an influencing factor on therapeutic effects and survival rates in oncology. It is thus necessary to recognize the risk of sarcopenia throughout the trajectory of cancer treatment, identify low muscle mass early, and manage it from a prehabilitation perspective.
Driving while intoxicated (DWI) remains a substantial and preventable source of morbidity and mortality in the United States. A variety of sanctions and interventions have been attempted to reduce DWI in the U.S., including enhanced DWI enforcement efforts, stricter drunk driving laws, responsible alcohol beverage service training, and alcohol treatment. The Ignition Interlock Device (IID), which requires a driver to blow into a breathalyzer unit installed in an automobile to establish sobriety, reduces drunk driving while installed. The use of IIDs has become widespread: most states in the U.S. now require convicted drunk drivers to install an IID in their cars upon some form of conviction. However, research has conclusively shown that once the IIDs are removed from DWI offenders' cars, DWI recidivism levels return to those comparable to offenders who did not have an IID. Interventions are needed to increase the likelihood that the effectiveness of IIDs persists beyond the installation period. The Brief Family-Involved Treatment (B-FIT) is a promising intervention to improve DWI recidivism by affecting the social environment of DWI offenders. Proposed here is Phase II research, a continuation of the original Phase I project, that will complete the translation of B-FIT into the B-SMART mobile web app for smartphones. The content of the intervention will be based on empirically-validated couples therapy for those with alcohol use disorders developed by Co-Investigator McCrady, translated to a smartphone platform. Phase II of this project will involve the systematic completion of B-SMART, employing: 1) an Expert Advisory Board, and 2) iterative development, multimedia and usability focus groups, and interviews comprised of CFM and DWI offenders. B-SMART will be fully produced for DWI offenders and their concerned family members (CFM) and then tested in a randomized controlled efficacy trial with first-time DWI offenders (n=150) and their CFMs (n=150) recruited from the Santa Fe County DWI Program. Unique to this intervention are the involvement of family members in supporting the DWI offender to not drink and drive and the use of smartphone technology to make that support immediate, accessible, and diffusible. B-SMART will involve the CFMs by providing coping skills, communication skills, and strategies to help avoid DWI. The randomized efficacy trial of B-SMART will examine B-SMART's impact on a variety of alcohol-related dependent variables, including IID lockout events, alcohol use, and family functioning. Should B-SMART be demonstrated to impact DWI offenders and their family members by reducing IID Lockout Events (which predict future DWI recidivism) and alcohol use, and improving family functioning, DWI offenders, their families, and their communities will have an important, effective, accessible tool to further reduce the social, health and economic consequences of DWI.
The digital media based group will receive a modified post immobilization protocol. This will include giving the patients a Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive loaded with a 12 week physical therapy protocol presented in digital form with videos and graphical representations of exercises to be done. They will also have access to the videos and multimedia on the Oregon Health \& Science University website.
Two cases of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), also known as Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome (RPLS), were reported in clinical trials. Cases have also been reported in postmarketing experience in patients with psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and Crohn's disease. Clinical presentation included headaches, seizures, confusion, visual disturbances, and imaging changes consistent with PRES a few days to several months after ustekinumab initiation. A few cases reported latency of a year or longer. Patients recovered with supportive care following withdrawal of ustekinumab.

Monitor all patients treated with STELARA ®for signs and symptoms of PRES. If PRES is suspected, promptly administer appropriate treatment and discontinue STELARA ®.
Nifedipine is a drug belonging to a class of pharmacological agents known as the calcium channel blockers. Nifedipine is 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-, dimethyl ester, C17H18N2O6, and has the structural formula:

Nifedipine is a yellow crystalline substance, practically insoluble in water but soluble in ethanol. It has a molecular weight of 346.3. Nifedipine GITS (Gastrointestinal Therapeutic System) Tablet is formulated as a once-a-day controlled-release tablet for oral administration designed to deliver 90 mg of nifedipine.

Inert ingredients in the formulations are: black iron oxide, cellulose acetate, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, povidone, propylene glycol, red iron oxide, shellac glaze, sodium chloride, stearic acid, titanium dioxide, triacetin.

System Components and Performance

Nifedipine Extended-Release Tablets, USP are similar in appearance to a conventional tablet. It consists, however, of a semipermeable membrane surrounding an osmotically active drug core. The core itself is divided into two layers: an “active” layer containing the drug, and a “push” layer containing pharmacologically inert (but osmotically active) components. As water from the gastrointestinal tract enters the tablet, pressure increases in the osmotic layer and “pushes” against the drug layer, releasing drug through the precision laser-drilled tablet orifice in the active layer.

Nifedipine Extended-Release Tablets, USP are designed to provide nifedipine at an approximately constant rate over 24 hours. This controlled rate of drug delivery into the gastrointestinal lumen is independent of pH or gastrointestinal motility. Nifedipine Extended-Release Tablets, USP depends for its action on the existence of an osmotic gradient between the contents of the bi-layer core and fluid in the gastrointestinal tract. Drug delivery is essentially constant as long as the osmotic gradient remains constant, and then gradually falls to zero. Upon swallowing, the biologically inert components of the tablet remain intact during gastrointestinal transit and are eliminated in the feces as an insoluble shell.

FDA approved dissolution test specifications differ from USP.
Antibiotic A47934 is produced by fermn. with streptomyces toyocaensis NRRL 15009. Thus, a 2nd-stage culture was used to inoculate a pH 6.9 medium of glucose 25, potato dextrine 30, molassess 3, soybean grits 15, casein hydrolyzate 1, and CaCO3 2.5g/10L. It was incubated at 30≰C for 4.5 days during which it was stirred and aerated. The broth was filtered and the title compd. I was purified from the filtrate by chromatog. on ion exchange resin, silica-gel, and ion exchanger again to yield 55.6 g I from 141L broth. I inhibited tram-pos. bacteria and improved the growth of chickens and pigs.
Practicing the Swipe Slide Pattern task in ST and DT conditions, offered in a random order over a period of 2 weeks, 5 days a week, approximately 10 minutes per training session. Training will be performed independently at home.
Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) can result in persistent complications, including circadian rhythm disorder, that substantially affect not only the injured people, but also the mood and social interactions with the family and the community. Pyroptosis in GFAP-positive astrocytes plays a vital role in inflammatory changes post-TBI. We determined whether VX-765, a low molecular weight caspase-1 inhibitor, has potential therapeutic value against astrocytic inflammation and pyroptosis in a rodent model of TBI plus hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation (HSR). A weight-drop plus bleeding and refusion model was used to establish traumatic exposure in rats. VX-765 (50 mg/kg) was injected via the femoral vein after resuscitation. Wheel-running activity was assessed, brain magnetic resonance images were evaluated, the expression of pyroptosis-associated molecules including cleaved caspase-1, gasdermin D (GSDMD), and interleukin-18 (IL-18) in astrocytes in the region of anterior hypothalamus, were explored 30 days post-trauma. VX-765-treated rats had significant improvement in circadian rhythm disorder, decreased mean diffusivity (MD) and mean kurtosis (MK), increased fractional anisotropy (FA), an elevated number and branches of astrocytes, and lower cleaved caspase-1, GSDMD, and IL-18 expression in astrocytes than TBI + HSR-treated rats. These results demonstrated that inhibition of pyroptosis-associated astrocytic activations in the anterior hypothalamus using VX-765 may ameliorate circadian rhythm disorder after trauma. In conclusion, we suggest that interventions targeting caspase-1-induced astrocytic pyroptosis by VX-765 are promising strategies to alleviate circadian rhythm disorder post-TBI.