anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Sexually transmitted infections continue to be a significant public health issue on a global scale. Due to their effects on reproductive and child health as well as their role in facilitating the spread of HIV infection, sexually transmitted infections impose a heavy burden of morbidity and mortality in many developing countries. In addition, stigma, infertility, cancer, and an increased risk of HIV are the primary impacts of STIs on sexual and reproductive health. While numerous studies have been conducted in Tanzania to address this specific topic in various settings, the majority of them weren't representative. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to use data from the most recent Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey in order to evaluate the individual and community-level factors associated with sexually transmitted infections among Tanzanian men at the national level.
METHODS: The most recent datasets from the Tanzania demographic and health survey were used for secondary data analysis. A total of 5763 men participated in this study. The recent Tanzania demographic and health survey provides data for multilevel mixed effect analysis on the variables that contribute to sexually transmitted infections among men in Tanzania. Finally, the percentage and odd ratio were provided, together with their 95% confidence intervals.
RESULT: This study includes a total weighted sample of 5763 men from the Tanzania demographic and health survey. Of the total study participants, 7.5% of men had sexually transmitted infections in the last twelve months. Being married [AOR: 0.531, 95% CI (0.9014, 3.429)] was a factor that reduced the risk of sexually transmitted infections among men. On the other hand, being between the age range of 20 and 24 years [AOR: 6.310, 95% CI (3.514, 11.329)] and having more than one union [AOR: 1.861, 95% CI (1.406, 2.463)] were the factors that increased the risk of sexually transmitted infections among men.
CONCLUSIONS: Men's sexually transmitted infections have been associated with individual-level factors. So, the Tanzanian governments and the concerned stakeholders should provide special attention for men whose age range is 20-24 years old. Promoting marriages and limiting the number of sexual partners should be the main strategies to lower the risk of sexually transmitted infections among men in Tanzania.
This is a positive control group/active comparator, in which standard CBTi (the golden standard behavioral treatment for insomnia) will be made available. This treatment consists of an eight-week treatment composed by weekly and structured appointments with a board-certified sleep psychologist. The professionals performing the CBTi sessions will not be part of the research team. Due to the restriction imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, the appointments will be made remotely (video calls with psychologists), which have already been proven to be equivalent to the in-person CBTi.
* Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression has been reported with the use of opioids, including hydrocodone, one of the active ingredients in hydrocodone bitartrate and homatropine methylbromide. Hydrocodone produces dose related respiratory depression by directly acting on the brain stem respiratory center that controls respiratory rhythm and may produce irregular and periodic breathing. Respiratory depression, if not immediately recognized and treated, may lead to respiratory arrest and death. Management of respiratory depression includes discontinuation of hydrocodone bitartrate and homatropine methylbromide, close observation, supportive measures, and use of opioid antagonists (e.g., naloxone), depending on the patient's clinical status [see  Overdosage (10)]. Carbon dioxide (CO2) retention from opioid-induced respiratory depression can exacerbate the sedating effects of opioids.
  * While serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression can occur at any time during the use of hydrocodone bitartrate and homatropine methylbromide, the risk is greatest during the initiation of therapy, when hydrocodone bitartrate and homatropine methylbromide is used concomitantly with other drugs that may cause respiratory depression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)], in patients with chronic pulmonary disease or decreased respiratory reserve, and in patients with altered pharmacokinetics or altered clearance (e.g., elderly, cachectic, or debilitated patients) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)].
  * To reduce the risk of respiratory depression, proper dosing of hydrocodone bitartrate and homatropine methylbromide is essential [see Dosage and Administration (2.1), Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]. Monitor patients closely, especially within the first 24 to 72 hours of initiating therapy or when used in patients at higher risk.
  * Overdose of hydrocodone in adults has been associated with fatal respiratory depression, and the use of hydrocodone in pediatric patients younger than 6 years of age has been associated with fatal respiratory depression when used as recommended. Accidental ingestion of even one dose of hydrocodone bitartrate and homatropine methylbromide, especially by children, can result in respiratory depression and death.
592705 The disclosure provides 4-amino-4-oxobutanoyl peptides and cyclic analogues thereof of Formula I and the pharmaceutically salts thereof. The variables are defined herein. Certain compounds of Formula I are useful as antiviral agents. 4-amino-4-oxobutanoyl peptide cyclic analogues as disclosed herein are potent and/ or selective inhibitors of viral replication, particularly Hepatitis C virus replication. The disclosure also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more 4-amino-4-oxobutanoyl peptide cyclic analogues and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. Such pharmaceutical compositions may contain a 4-amino-4-oxobutanoyl peptide cyclic analogue as the only active agent or may contain a combination of a 4-amino-4-oxobutanoyl peptide cyclic analogue and one or more other pharmaceutically active agents. The disclosure also provides methods for treating viral infections, including Hepatitis C infections, in patients.
A pre-test will be applied. Web-based education will be conducted. The post-test will be applied twice, the first one to be performed 4 weeks after Web-based education is completed and the second one 3 months after Web-based education is completed.
Subjects will receive a 100mL dose of saline every 8 hours for 48 hours. The first dose will be administered intraoperatively following delivery of the baby. A total of 6 doses will be given.
The present invention relates to a medicament for the treatment of alopecia areata. Interferon beta of the present invention may be administered to the subject suffering from said disorder topically (e.g. intradermally) or systemically. The present invention further encompasses compositions comprising interferon beta for use as a medicament in the treatment of alopecia areata. Said compositions may comprise other active agents, such as statins. In a preferred embodiment, interferon beta-lb is administered intradermally once a week for 4 to 6 weeks at a dose level of 4.5 to 30 microgram per 10 cm 2  treated area.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of different Acute Gastrointestinal Injury (AGI) grading trajectories and examine their impact on prognosis in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU).
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a large children's hospital in China. The children admitted to the PICU were included. AGI grade was assessed every other day during the initial nine days following PICU admission.
RESULTS: A total of 642 children were included, of which 364 children (56.7%) exhibited varying degrees of gastrointestinal dysfunction (AGI grade ≥ 2). Based on the patterns of AGI grading over time, six groups were identified: low-stable group, low-fluctuating group, medium-decreasing group, medium-increasing group, high-decreasing group, high-persistent group. The high-persistent group accounted for approximately 90% of all recorded deaths. Compared to low-stable group, both the medium-increasing and high-persistent groups exhibited positive correlations with length of stay in PICU (PICU LOS) and length of stay (LOS). Compared to low-stable group, the five groups exhibited a negative correlation with the percentage of energy received by enteral nutrition (EN), as well as the protein received by EN.
CONCLUSION: This study identified six distinct trajectory groups of AGI grade in critically ill children. The pattern of AGI grade trajectories over time were associated with EN delivery proportions and clinical outcomes.
Participants assigned to Arm 2 will serve as the control group and will not receive any intervention ( interactive oral care lessons) during the study period except basic dental hygiene education as usually practiced by schools. The purpose of Arm 2 is to serve as a comparison group to evaluate the effectiveness of the interactive oral care lessons provided to participants in Arm 1.
Ileal diverticula can be congenital or acquired and are rare even among the already rare entity of small bowel diverticula. What has never been reported, as far as we know, is false diverticula arising within the true non-Meckelian diverticulum with mesenteric erosion causing an occult gastrointestinal bleed. We present a patient with occult gastrointestinal bleeding from a false-in-true ileal diverticulum. Multiple investigations were required to localise the bleeding site after which the patient was taken to the operating room for a laparoscopic ileocaecectomy with complete resolution of symptoms. Preoperative localisation of the bleeding site may be difficult but is critically important in occult gastrointestinal bleeding. Procedure choice for a bleeding ileal diverticulum is dictated by the distance from the ileocaecal valve and the etiopathology of the bleed.
PURPOSE: To obtain a therapeutic agent for myocardial reperfusion injury and myocardial stunning containing 3-substituted-2-oxyindole-1-carboxamide derivative. CONSTITUTION: This therapeutic agent contains a compound of formula I (X is H, F, Cl, Br, an alkyl, an alkoxy, CF3 , phenyl, etc.; Y is H, F, Cl, Br, an alkyl, an alkoxy, CF3 , etc.; X, Y and an adjacent C foam a group of formula II, etc.; R<1> is an alkyl, a cycloalkenyl, phenyl, etc.), a salt thereof or a solvate thereof as an active ingredient. The treatment and prevention of ischemia induced myocardial injury or cytokine mediated myocardial injury is carried out by administering a daily dose of 1 mg-1.5 g, preferably 1-300 mg of the therapeutic agent by dividing to one to several portions. The compound of formula I is exemplified by 5-chloro-3-(2-thenoyl)-2-oxyindole-1-carboxamide.
Intervention adaptation and community health worker interventionist (CHWI) training through the delivery of the intervention to Community Leadership Board (CLB) members. The CLB will be made up of 4-7 Karen professionals representing prominent local organizations supporting Karen refugees in resettlement. Representatives will have lived cultural and historical expertise as well as professional expertise supporting the resettled community from mental health and social services perspectives. The expertise of the board ensures culturally centered preparations for intervention dissemination. The CLB will take an active role in the adaptation of the intervention.
Research and theory concur in suggesting that certain maternal activities have both immediate and protracted consequences for children's cognitive development in the first years of life. Two conceptually distinct categories of caretaker-child interactions can be identified: social and didactic. These encompass much of the everyday behavior of infants' caretakers. There are data linking both of these types of behavior to cognitive development in children. In previous work we have investigated these relations in early infancy using samples of convenience. In the proposed study set, this work will be replicated and extended by focusing on the extent to which the characteristics of maternal age, employment status, parenthood status and birthorder of the child influence observed relations between maternal, social and didactic caretaking on the one hand and infant, toddler, preschool age, and middle childhood, and adolescent social and cognitive competencies on the other. For a subset of infants of employed mothers, their substitute caregivers will be added to the sample. Understanding the full range of experience for those infants with multiple caregivers is important in the context of a study designed to elucidate dimensions of experience that influence social and cognitive development. Naturalistic mother-infant interaction will be observed when infants are 5 months old. When study participants are 20 months old, measures of toddler functioning (e.g., play competence and language development) and maternal behavior (e.g., encouragement of attention to the environment, I.Q.) will be obtained. At 48 months, measures of preschooler psychosocial functioning (e.g., I.Q., cognitive and social competencies) and maternal behavior (e.g., "scaffolding") will be obtained. At age 10 and 14 years, data assessing the child's adjustment, development, and functioning in multiple areas will be obtained from the child, both parents, and the schoolteacher (age 10 only). Measures of parental attitudes and family functioning will also be obtained. Theoretical formulations about how specific parent-child interactions may contribute to cognition have challenged investigators to look beyond demographic variables as markers of parental stimulation and to consider specific relations between types of interactions and the acquisition of particular skills at different points in time. Understanding the mechanisms linking experience in early infancy through toddlerhood, the preschool years, middle childhood and early adolescence with intellectual and social functioning is an essential aspect of normative developmental research. In addition, examining these phenomena cross-culturally will contribute importantly to our understanding of children and their families.
To provide a carbonated aerosol topical skin application comprising stably emulsified ceramide lipids and having excellent moisturizing and coating properties.SOLUTION: Provided is a carbonated aerosol topical skin application consisting of an aerosol stock solution comprising the following components (A) to (D) and a propellant comprising component (E). (A) Ceramide lipid. (B) An ionic surfactant. (C) A water-soluble polymer. (D) Water. (E) Carbon dioxide gas.SELECTED DRAWING: None
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an antiaging agent having excellent cell activating effects and useful as an antiaging ingredient without deteriorating in a preparation and the external preparation for skin comprising the antiaging agent, stable with the lapse of time and having excellent antiaging effects.  <P>SOLUTION: The antiaging agent comprises a liquid obtained by separation from a pressed juice in a step of concentrating a fruit pressed juice of a cucurbitaceous plant as an active ingredient. The antiaging agent comprises a liquid prepared by separation from the pressed juice in a step of distilling the fruit pressed juice of the cucurbitaceous plant as the active ingredient. The cell activator comprises the liquid obtained by separation from the pressed juice in the step of concentrating the fruit pressed juice of the cucurbitaceous plant as the active ingredient. The cell activator comprises the liquid prepared by separation from the pressed juice in the step of distilling the fruit pressed juice of the cucurbitaceous plant as the active ingredient. A melon fruit pressed juice is preferred as the fruit pressed juice of the cucurbitaceous plant. The external preparation for the skin comprises the antiaging agent or the cell activator. The external preparation for the skin is obtained by formulating the antiaging agent or the cell activator and one or two or more kinds of medicinal effective agents selected from other cell activators, antioxidants, humectants and ultraviolet light preventing agents.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
The Dynamax appliance is a relatively new appliance for the treatment of Class II malocclusion and was introduced in 2003. The appliance has the theoretical advantages of incremental mandibular advancement without the need for bite registration, and the ability for the operator to simultaneously provide the functional and fixed appliance phases of treatment. Furthermore, the Dynamax appliance is designed to limit lower both lower incisor proclination and upper incisor retroclination without an increase in lower facial height. There has been limited research into this appliance and only one trial has been carried out. In this study the effects of the Dynamax were compared with the Twin-block, unfortunately, the trial was not carried out to contemporary standards and suffered from severe shortcomings. For example, the non compliance rate was not accounted for in the sample size calculation, the randomisation sequence was not clear, the investigators did not carry out an intention-to-treat analysis, the statistical analysis was simplistic and the study was carried out in a single dental school setting. This raises the question about the efficiency of the Dynamax appliance and whether or not they are effective in a 'real' world setting.

The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of the Dynamax appliance and the Twin-block appliance for the treatment of Class II Division 1 malocclusion.
A 6-month randomized, crossover, open-label, active-controlled study was conducted in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes (n=722) to assess the safety and efficacy of HUMALOG for 3 months followed by Humulin R for 3 months or the reverse sequence. HUMALOG was administered by subcutaneous injection immediately before meals and Humulin R was administered 30 to 45 minutes before meals. Humulin® N [NPH human insulin (rDNA origin) isophane suspension] or Humulin U was administered once or twice daily as the basal insulin. All patients participated in a 2- to 4-week run-in period with Humulin R and Humulin N or Humulin U. Most of the patients were Caucasian (88%), and the numbers of men and women in each group were approximately equal. The mean age was 58.6 years (range 23.8 to 85 years). The average body mass index (BMI) was 28.2 kg/m2. During the study, the majority of patients used Humulin N (84%) compared with Humulin U (16%) as their basal insulin. The reductions from baseline in HbA1c and the incidence of severe hypoglycemia (as determined by the number of events that were not self-treated) were similar between the two treatments from the combined groups (see Table 8).
ARM B subjects will receive no atorvastatin prior to day 1 of FOLFIRI. ARM B subjects will receive atorvastatin 20 mg orally once daily for two weeks prior to day 15 of FOLFIRI. The last dose of atorvastatin will be taken day 15 of FOLFIRI. Patients will receive FOLFIRI infusion on day 1 and day 15. Blood samples will be collected at baseline and periodically through 24 hours on day 1 and 15 of FOLFIRI.
The presently disclosed inventive concepts are directed in certain embodiments to a method of producing protoporphyrin IX by (1) cultivating a strain of  Shewanella  bacteria in a culture medium under conditions suitable for growth thereof, and (2) recovering the protoporphyrin IX from the culture medium. The strain of  Shewanella  bacteria comprises at least one mutant hemH gene which is incapable of normal expression, thereby causing an accumulation of protoporphyrin IX. In certain embodiments of the method, the strain of  Shewanella  bacteria is a strain of  S. loihica , and more specifically may be  S. loihica  PV-4. In certain embodiments, the mutant hemH gene of the strain of  Shewanella  bacteria may be a mutant of shew_2229 and/or of shew_1140. In other embodiments, the presently disclosed inventive concepts are directed to mutant strains of  Shewanella  bacteria having at least one mutant hemH gene which is incapable of normal expression, thereby causing an accumulation of protoporphyrin IX during cultivation of the bacteria. In certain embodiments the strain of  Shewanella  bacteria is a strain of  S. loihica , and more specifically may be  S. loihica  PV-4. In certain embodiments, the mutant hemH gene of the strain of  Shewanella  bacteria may be a mutant of shew_2229 and/or shew_1140.
Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus (MSRV) poses a significant threat to aquaculture, causing substantial economic losses. In this study, we evaluated the antiviral efficacy and immunomodulatory potential of palmatine, a plant-derived monomer, against MSRV infection in largemouth bass. Our results demonstrated that palmatine significantly inhibited MSRV replication, with a reduction in viral nucleoprotein expression by 85 % at a safe concentration. Additionally, palmatine pre-treatment of EPC cells enhanced their antiviral capacity, with a maximum inhibition rate of 82 % following 24 h pre-incubation. Palmatine also effectively reduced MSRV-induced cytopathic effects, protecting cellular integrity and maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential. In vivo studies revealed that palmatine immersion at 80 mg/L was non-toxic and significantly suppressed MSRV replication in largemouth bass, increasing survival rates by 53 % over 15 d. Furthermore, palmatine pre-treatment enhanced the fish's resistance to MSRV, with a 78 % inhibition rate of viral replication and a 46 % increase in survival rate. Mechanistically, palmatine activated key immune genes, including IRF3, IRF7, and IFN, indicating its role in boosting innate immune responses. The compound also reduced horizontal transmission of MSRV in a cohabitation model, decreasing viral spread by up to 78 % over nine days. These findings highlight palmatine's potential as a small-molecule immunomodulator in aquaculture, offering a sustainable approach to disease management and enhancing fish health and welfare. Integrating palmatine into fish diets as an immunostimulant could provide a continuous, proactive defense against viral outbreaks, promoting more resilient and sustainable aquaculture practices.
The absence of a comprehensive understanding of the neural basis of spontaneous pain limits the development of therapeutic strategies targeting this primary complaint of patients with chronic pain. Here we report a distinct neuronal ensemble within the prelimbic cortex which processes signals related to spontaneous pain in rats with chronic inflammatory pain. This neuronal ensemble specifically encodes spontaneous pain-related behaviors, independently of other locomotive and evoked behaviors. Activation of this neuronal ensemble elicits marked spontaneous pain-like behaviors and enhances nociceptive responses, whereas prolonged silencing of its activities alleviates spontaneous pain and promotes overall recovery from inflammatory pain. Notably, afferents from the primary somatosensory cortex and infralimbic cortex bidirectionally modulate the activities of the spontaneous pain-responsive prelimbic cortex neuronal ensemble and pain behaviors. These findings reveal the cortical basis of spontaneous pain at the neuronal level, highlighting a distinct neuronal ensemble within the prelimbic cortex and its associated pain-regulatory brain networks.
The utility model relates to a paste for curing liver diseases. The paste for curing liver diseases is stuck on a navel of a human body for preventing and curing liver diseases. The paste for curing liver diseases is provided with a medicine core fixed on the middle part of covering base material. An adhesive layer is coated on the surface of the covering base material. A protective adhesive paper is arranged on the adhesive layer. When the paste for curing liver diseases is used, the protective adhesive paper is taken off. The medicine core is stuck on the navel. Because the externally sealed medicine effect is completely absorbed by the human body through the navel. Therefore, a curative effect is enhanced.