anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: The existence of chronic pain increases susceptibility to virus and is now widely acknowledged as a prominent feature recognized as a major manifestation of long-term coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Given the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, it is imperative to explore the genetic associations between chronic pain and predisposition to COVID-19.
METHODS: We conducted genetic analysis at the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), gene, and molecular levels using summary statistics of genome-wide association study (GWAS) and analyzed the drug targets by summary data-based Mendelian randomization analysis (SMR) to alleviate the multi-site chronic pain in COVID-19. Additionally, we performed a latent causal variable (LCV) method to investigate the causal relationship between chronic pain and susceptibility to COVID-19.
RESULTS: The cross-trait meta-analysis identified 19 significant SNPs shared between COVID-19 and chronic pain. Coloc analysis indicated that the posterior probability of association (PPH4) for three loci was above 70% in both critical COVID-19 and COVID-19, with the corresponding top three SNPs being rs13135092, rs7588831, and rs13135092. A total of 482 significant overlapped genes were detected from MAGMA and CPASSOC results. Additionally, the gene ANAPC4 was identified as a potential drug target for treating chronic pain (P=7.66E-05) in COVID-19 (P=8.23E-03). Tissue enrichment analysis highlighted that the amygdala (P=7.81E-04) and prefrontal cortex (P=8.19E-05) as pivotal in regulating chronic pain of critical COVID-19. KEGG pathway enrichment further revealed the enrichment of pleiotropic genes in both COVID-19 (P=3.20E-03,Padjust=4.77E-02,hsa05171) and neurotrophic pathways (P=9.03E-04,Padjust =2.55E-02,hsa04621). Finally, the latent causal variable (LCV) model was applied to find the genetic component of critical COVID-19 was causal for multi-site chronic pain (P=0.015), with a genetic causality proportion (GCP) of was 0.60.
CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we identified several functional genes and underscored the pivotal role of the inflammatory system in the correlation between the paired traits. Notably, heat shock proteins emerged as potential objective biomarkers for chronic pain symptoms in individuals with COVID-19. Additionally, the ubiquitin system might play a role in mediating the impact of COVID-19 on chronic pain. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the pleiotropy between COVID-19 and chronic pain, offering insights for therapeutic trials.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare a cosmetic having makeup persistence, high oxygen permeability of a film, good slip during coating and moistness without greasiness, becoming thick and stiff even at several h after coating.  <P>SOLUTION: This cosmetic comprises leaf-like silica secondary particles having self film-forming properties and formulated therein. The silica secondary particles are formed by mutual interfacial parallel orientation of lamellar primary particles of scaly silica and superimposing the plurality of lamellar primary particles. The leaf-like silica secondary particles have 0.001-3 μm thickness and at least ≥10 aspect ratio. A form favorable according to the cosmetic to be formulated such as a powdery form, an aqueous slurry or an organic medium slurry is selected/formulated.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
The input, recording, backup and use of data in the practice of dental surgery are very important elements in the practice of this discipline and related specialties. The invention of the present patent was designed in order to facilitate the backup and reuse of said data, is based on storage media, i.e. QR codes and/or RFID chips, and provides a dental record medium for the patient that can be accessed by any practitioner involved in the care of the patient. In addition, the patient does not need to carry radiological or biological test media during consultations. The invention of the present patent increases the scope of various dental surgery backups and has enabled the use of all forms of imaging, which are nowadays an essential element in the practice of medicine. The invention enables the real-time backup of treatments that have been carried out, thereby facilitating the financial management of treatment costs. Finally, given that the array of treatments used in dental surgery and the specialties of this discipline is continuously expanding, the invention of the present patent enables practitioners to gain direct access to reports that have been devised and actions that have been carried out. The invention of the present patent fully satisfies the requirements of the medical laws.
To provide a liquid topical skin preparation, which forms, on the skin after application, a film having excellent usability such as appearance and tactile sensation and also having an excellent long lasting effect; is easily and painlessly removed by water treatment while allowing a medical substance to be carried continuously; and is possible to suppress the residual feeling of the film on the skin after removal.SOLUTION: Provided is a liquid topical skin preparation for forming a film on the skin. The liquid topical skin preparation comprises the following components (A), (B), and (C). The component (A) is a polymer prepared by polymerizing a specific hydrophobic monomer (i) represented by the following formula (i): CH2=CR1CONR2R3 (i), and a hydrophilic monomer containing a specific monomer (ii) represented by the following formula (ii): CH2=CR1CONR4R5 (ii). Here, the content of the hydrophobic monomer (i) in the total amount of monomers is 35% by mass or more and 65% by mass or less. The component (B) is one or two more plasticizers selected from polyhydric alcohols having 2 to 9 carbon atoms, polyoxyalkylene glycols, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, and glycerin fatty acid esters. The component (C) is a medical substance.SELECTED DRAWING: None
Placebo will be administered with food for 16 weeks in subjects with DLB. Subjects will receive 3 capsules per day (TID) with food (i.e., with the morning, mid-day and evening meals).
PURPOSE:To make it possible to simply preserve a CRP standard solution for a long period of them, by adding an alkaline earth metal to purified CRP or a standard product of CRP containing the serum component of a human or other mammal. CONSTITUTION:An alkaline earth metal is added to purified CRP or a standard of CRP containing the serum component of a human or other mammal. As the alkaline earth metal, Ca, Ba and Mg can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more kinds of them and, further, can be used as a water-soluble salt such as chloride, acetate or nitrate. The use amount thereof is sufficient if at least 0.1-3mM is added and 1-2mM is added pref. An arbitrary component having buffering action or physiological saline may be added. Further, preservatives such as sodium azide or polyethylene glycol used in immunological nephelometry may be added.
Somatuline Depot SC 90mg deep subcutaneous injection every 4 weeks for 3 doses before surgery. The dose will be 60 mg for patients with mild liver or kidney dysfunction.
The data presented below include references to peak steady-state plasma acyclovir concentrations observed in humans treated with 800 mg given orally 5 times a day (dosing appropriate for treatment of herpes zoster) or 200 mg given orally 5 times a day (dosing appropriate for treatment of genital herpes). Plasma drug concentrations in animal studies are expressed as multiples of human exposure to acyclovir at the higher and lower dosing schedules (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Pharmacokinetics).  
Acyclovir was tested in lifetime bioassays in rats and mice at single daily doses of up to 450 mg/kg administered by gavage. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of tumors between treated and control animals, nor did acyclovir shorten the latency of tumors. Maximum plasma concentrations were 3 to 6 times human levels in the mouse bioassay and 1 to 2 times human levels in the rat bioassay.  
  
Acyclovir was tested in 16 in vitro and in vivo genetic toxicity assays. Acyclovir was positive in 5 of the assays.  
  
Acyclovir did not impair fertility or reproduction in mice (450 mg/kg/day, p.o.) or in rats (25 mg/kg/day, s.c.). In the mouse study, plasma levels were 9 to 18 times human levels, while in the rat study, they were 8 to 15 times human levels. At higher doses (50 mg/kg/day, s.c.) in rats and rabbits (11 to 22 and 16 to 31 times human levels, respectively) implantation efficacy, but not litter size, was decreased. In a rat peri- and post-natal study at 50 mg/kg/day, s.c., there was a statistically significant decrease in group mean numbers of corpora lutea, total implantation sites, and live fetuses.  
  
No testicular abnormalities were seen in dogs given 50 mg/kg/day, IV for 1 month (21 to 41 times human levels) or in dogs given 60 mg/kg/day orally for 1 year (6 to 12 times human levels). Testicular atrophy and aspermatogenesis were observed in rats and dogs at higher dose levels.
The small intestine has been, until recent years, a black box to gastroenterologists because it is difficult to see and reach. Radiological imaging provides little details of small intestinal mucosa. Capsule endoscopy, introduced in 2001, enables gastroenterologists to visualize the entire small intestine from within for the first time, but it is only a diagnostic tool. Single-balloon enteroscopy (SBE) is a new enteroscopy methods that use an overtube with one balloon or a spiral to help pleat bowel onto the endoscope and allow examination of the distal small bowel. This methods allow for biopsy, hemostasis, and other therapeutic interventions to be performed in the small bowel. Early reports have been promising; with 50-70% diagnostic yield for small bowel pathology reported in the literature. However, despite these promising results the impact SBE findings on patient outcomes is not clear.
OBJECTIVE: Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is a hereditary form of autism spectrum disorder. It is caused by a trinucleotide repeat expansion in the Fmr1 gene, leading to a loss of Fragile X Protein (FMRP) expression. The loss of FMRP causes auditory hypersensitivity: FXS patients display hyperacusis and the Fmr1- knock-out (KO) mouse model for FXS exhibits auditory seizures. FMRP is strongly expressed in the cochlear nucleus and other auditory brainstem nuclei. We hypothesize that the Fmr1-KO mouse has altered gene expression in the cochlear nucleus that may contribute to auditory hypersensitivity.
METHODS: RNA was isolated from cochlear nuclei of Fmr1-KO and WT mice. Using next-generation sequencing (RNA-seq), the transcriptomes of Fmr1-KO mice and WT mice (n = 3 each) were compared and analyzed using gene ontology programs.
RESULTS: We identified 270 unique, differentially expressed genes between Fmr1-KO and WT cochlear nuclei. Upregulated genes (67%) are enriched in those encoding secreted molecules. Downregulated genes (33%) are enriched in neuronal function, including synaptic pathways, some of which are ideal candidate genes that may contribute to hyperacusis.
CONCLUSION: The loss of FMRP can affect the expression of genes in the cochlear nucleus that are important for neuronal signaling. One of these, Kcnab2, which encodes a subunit of the Shaker voltage-gated potassium channel, is expressed at an abnormally low level in the Fmr1-KO cochlear nucleus. Kcnab2 and other differentially expressed genes may represent pathways for the development of hyperacusis. Future studies will be aimed at investigating the effects of these altered genes on hyperacusis.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: N/A Laryngoscope, 134:1363-1371, 2024.
Single dose of 400 ml beverage containing Stevia to be consumed in less than 15 minutes. The beverage will be at a similar sweet potency as 75 grams glucose.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide foods or cosmetics which retain or improve the excellent food effect and functions of mushrooms as well as show excellent quality, safety, good taste and food feeling.  <P>SOLUTION: Raw or dried fruit bodies and/or mycelia, when necessary, finely crushed, are combined with one or more kinds of lactobacilli and yeasts and the mixture is fermented. The fermentation mixture, its dried product or their powdery products are used as foods or the powdery product is added to foods or cosmetics and the mixtures are processed to foods or cosmetics. As fruits and mycelia of mushrooms are fermented together with lactobacilli and yeasts, the resultant fermentation products or their processed products have the actions and effects of the mushrooms as well as the effects of the culture mixture of microorganisms whereby the complex effects are developed. Consequently, foods and cosmetics having excellent quality, safety and effects are obtained.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Thrombin inhibition suppresses adiposity, WAT inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in mice. Protease-activated receptor (PAR)1 does not account for thrombin-driven obesity, so we explored the culprit role of PAR4 in this context. Male WT and PAR-4-/- mice received a high fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks, WT controls received standard chow. Body fat was quantified by NMR. Epididymal WAT was assessed by histology, immunohistochemistry, qPCR and lipase activity assay. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated ± thrombin, acutely stimulated ± PAR4 activating peptide (AP) and assessed by immunoblot, qPCR and U937 monocyte adhesion. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) from obese and lean patients was assessed by immunoblot. PAR4 was upregulated in mouse WAT under HFD. PAR4-/- mice developed less visceral adiposity and glucose intolerance under HFD, featuring smaller adipocytes, fewer macrophages and lower expression of adipogenic (leptin, PPARγ) and pro-inflammatory genes (CCL2, IL-1β) in WAT. HFD-modified activity and expression of lipases or perilipin were unaffected by PAR4 deletion. 3T3-L1 adipocytes differentiated with thrombin retained Ki67 expression, further upregulated IL-1β and CCL2 and were more adhesive for monocytes. In mature adipocytes, PAR4-AP increased phosphorylated ERK1/2 and AKT, upregulated Ki67, CCl2, IL-β and hyaluronan synthase 1 but not TNF-α mRNA, and augmented hyaluronidase-sensitive monocyte adhesion. Obese human EAT expressed more PAR4, CD68 and CD54 than lean EAT. PAR4 upregulated in obesity supports adipocyte hypertrophy, WAT expansion and thrombo-inflammation. The emerging PAR4 antagonists provide a therapeutic perspective in this context beyond their canonical antiplatelet action.
The purpose of the invention is to produce a useful food material from fish bone that is a residue of the fish processing industry. A fish bone paste, which is composed of finely ground grains being soft per se, has an appropriate viscosity owing to collagen decomposition products and contains all of the components originating in fish bone in a highly digestible and absorbable state, is produced by starting with fish bone from which skin, meat, etc. have been removed, heating the fish bone under elevated pressure to decompose collagen constituting the bone, and then finely grinding the fish bone containing all of the components as such. As the starting material, it is preferable to use pollack bone having a small fat content. In the case of using fat-rich fish bone, it is preferable to perform a defatting treatment. A composition comprising this fish bone paste is suitable for preventing and treating osteoporosis.
PURPOSE: Adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery gives good clinical outcomes but has a high rate of mechanical complications (MC). In 2016, Lafage described the age-adjusted alignment thresholds (AAAT) to adapt the correction in relation to patient's age proposing less aggressive corrections for the elderly population. The aim of this review was to clarify the effectiveness of AAAT to achieve good health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and their relationship with post-operative MC.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a review of the literature, including articles reporting data on post-operative HRQoL and MC rates in relation to the AAAT. Data were stratified according to whether they matched the AAAT, dividing the population in undercorrected (U), matched (M) and overcorrected (O). The quality of the included studies was assessed using the GRADE and MINORS systems.
RESULTS: Six articles reporting data from 1,825 patients were included. The different categories (U, M and O) had homogeneous pre-operative sagittal parameters (p > 0.05) that became statistically different after surgeries (p < 0.05). Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) was more frequent in the O group compared to U (p = 0.05). Post-operative HRQoL parameters were similar in the 3 groups (p > 0.05). The quality of the included studies was generally low with a high bias risk.
CONCLUSION: The results extrapolated from this review are interesting, as for the same HRQoL the U group had a lower MC rate. Unfortunately, the results are inconsistent, mainly because of the low quality of the included studies and the lack of reporting of some important patient- and surgery-related factors.
We present a longitudinal description of a man with the TARDBP I383V variant of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). His progressive changes in behavior and language resulted in a diagnosis of the right temporal variant of FTD, also called the semantic behavioral variant (sbvFTD). We also present data from a small series of patients with the TARDBP I383V variant who were enrolled in a nationwide FTD research collaboration (ALLFTD). These data support slowly progressive loss of semantic function. While semantic dementia is infrequently considered genetic, the TARDBP I383V variant seems to be an exception. Longitudinal analyses in larger samples are warranted.
High fat diet (HFD) consumption can cause dysregulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, coupled with increased ectopic lipid deposition in renal tissue leading to steatosis and dysfunction. Sitagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor clinically used for type II diabetes therapy; however its effect on renal steatosis in obese state is still uncertain. Herein, obesity was induced by feeding male Wistar rats HFD for 18 weeks, thereafter received either drug vehicle, or sitagliptin (10 mg/kg, PO) along with HFD for further 6 weeks and compared with age-matched rats receiving normal chow diet (NCD). After 24 weeks, serum and kidneys were collected for histological and biochemical assessments. Compared to NCD-fed group, HFD-fed rats displayed marked weight gain, increased fat mass, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, impaired kidney functions and renal histological alterations. Sitagliptin effectively ameliorated obesity and related metabolic perturbations and improved kidney architecture and function. There were increased levels of triglycerides and cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) in kidneys of obese rats, that were lowered by sitagliptin therapy. Sitagliptin significantly repressed the expression of lipogenesis genes, while up-regulated genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation in kidneys of HFD-fed rats. Sitagliptin was found to induce down-regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptotic markers in kidneys of obese rats. These findings together may emphasize a novel concept that sitagliptin can be an effective therapeutic approach for halting obesity-related renal steatosis and CKD.
PURPOSE:To provide an image with a stable density by conducting image analysis by use of fluoroscopic mode to provide an X-ray image, and then analyzing the X-ray image. CONSTITUTION:Prior to main photographing, an X-ray is emitted to an image intensifier 13 through a subject 12, and the inputted X-ray is converted to an optical image and outputted. The outputted optical image is regulated to a determined quantity of light through an optical system 14, then imaged on an X-ray television camera 15, and converted to a digital image signal S, which is then outputted. The digital image slgnal S is inputted to a histogram analyzing means 16, and a signal C for controlling the X-ray emitted from an X-ray source 11 to a desirable dose on the basis of the determined histogram is outputted from the histogram analyzing means 16. When the signal C is inputted to the X-ray source 11, the main photographing for emitting the X-ray controlled in dose to the subject 12 and the image intensifier 13 is conducted, and an X-ray image is provided. Thus, X-ray dose control or light quantity regulation can be performed at real time.
The research included individuals aged 18 years and older, who were not pregnant or breastfeeding, without any psychological disorder diagnosed by psychiatry, without diagnosis of COVID-19 and not using any psychiatric medications. The non MetS group in the research included healthy individuals not using any psychiatric medications, without any chronic disorder, and with similar BMI to the individuals in the subject group.
BACKGROUND: Wheat is one of the important grain crops in the world. The formation of lesion spots related to cell death is involved in disease resistance, whereas the regulatory pathway of lesion spot production and resistance mechanism to pathogens in wheat is largely unknown.
RESULTS: In this study, a pair of NILs (NIL-Lm5W and NIL-Lm5M) was constructed from the BC1F4 population by the wheat lesion mimic mutant MC21 and its wild genotype Chuannong 16. The formation of lesion spots in NIL-Lm5M significantly increased its resistance to stripe rust, and NIL-Lm5M showed superiour agronomic traits than NIL-Lm5W under stripe rust infection.Whereafter, the NILs were subjected to transcriptomic (stage N: no spots; stage S, only a few spots; and stage M, numerous spots), metabolomic (stage N and S), and hormone analysis (stage S), with samples taken from normal plants in the field. Transcriptomic analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were enriched in plant-pathogen interaction, and defense-related genes were significantly upregulated following the formation of lesion spots. Metabolomic analysis showed that the differentially accumulated metabolites were enriched in energy metabolism, including amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and lipid metabolism. Correlation network diagrams of transcriptomic and metabolomic showed that they were both enriched in energy metabolism. Additionally, the contents of gibberellin A7, cis-Zeatin, and abscisic acid were decreased in leaves upon lesion spot formation, whereas the lesion spots in NIL-Lm5M leaves were restrained by spaying GA and cytokinin (CTK, trans-zeatin) in the field.
CONCLUSION: The formation of lesion spots can result in cell death and enhance strip rust resistance by protein degradation pathway and defense-related genes overexpression in wheat. Besides, the formation of lesion spots was significantly affected by GA and CTK. Altogether, these results may contribute to the understanding of lesion spot formation in wheat and laid a foundation for regulating the resistance mechanism to stripe rust.