anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Irbesartan is 90% bound to serum proteins (primarily albumin and α1-acid glycoprotein) with negligible binding to cellular components of blood. The average volume of distribution is 53 liters to 93 liters. Total plasma and renal clearances are in the range of 157 mL/min to 176 mL/min and 3.0 mL/min to 3.5 mL/min, respectively. With repetitive dosing, irbesartan accumulates to no clinically relevant extent.

Studies in animals indicate that radiolabeled irbesartan weakly crosses the blood-brain barrier and placenta. Irbesartan is excreted in the milk of lactating rats.
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, namely to neurosurgery, vascular surgery, neurology, and can be used for X-ray endovascular chemo-angioplasty for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. A microcatheter is inserted into the cerebral arteries, through which 10 or 20 mg of Nimotop diluted in 500 or 1000 ml of 0.9% NaCl solution, respectively, from a dark glass container, is superselectively injected into the cerebral pool, through a standard system for intravenous infusions, at a rate of one drop per second using high-pressure cuffs coupled with a diagnostic catheter. With a decrease in blood pressure, the introduction of vasopressors is indicated, with the ineffectiveness of which and an uncontrolled decrease in blood pressure, the infusion rate of the drug Nimotop must be reduced, and the systolic blood pressure level should be maintained within 130-150 mm Hg. The decision to complete X-ray endovascular chemo-angioplasty is taken with a decrease in the linear blood flow rate of less than 200 cm/s without signs of increasing cerebral vasospasm during control cerebral angiography. With cerebral vasospasm in the right and/or left carotid basin, a diagnostic catheter is inserted into the middle third of one of the internal carotid arteries. With the development of vasospasm with stenosis of the lumen of one or more cerebral arteries to more than 70%, 2 vials of Nimotop solution (20 mg) are injected, diluted each in 500 ml of 0.9% NaCl. If vasospasm with cerebral artery stenosis is less than 70%, 1 vial is injected. Thus, either 10 mg or 20 mg of Nimotop is administered for 15-20 minutes by drop infusion. Next, the catheter is reinstalled into the contralateral internal carotid artery and the patient is transferred to the intensive care unit, where the final dose of the drug Nimotop is administered with constant monitoring of evaluation criteria: blood pressure, heart rate, linear blood flow rates. The maximum dose of the administered Nimotop for 1 session does not exceed 20 mg. When detecting cerebral spasm in the vertebrobasilar system, X-ray endovascular chemo-angioplasty is performed in the vertebrobasilar system according to the proposed scheme through a diagnostic catheter installed in the middle third of the dominant vertebral artery, through which, with the development of vasospasm with stenosis of the lumen of one or more cerebral arteries to more than 70%, 2 vials of Nimotop solution (20 mg), diluted each in 500 ml 0.9% NaCl are selectively injected. If vasospasm with cerebral artery stenosis is less than 70%, 1 vial is injected. Thus, either 10 mg or 20 mg of Nimotop is administered with constant monitoring of evaluation criteria: blood pressure, heart rate, linear blood flow rates. The maximum dose of the administered Nimotop for 1 session does not exceed 20 mg.EFFECT: method provides the possibility of reducing surgical injury while maintaining a high degree of effectiveness in the treatment of cerebral vasospasm with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage due to the proposed method of X-ray endovascular chemo-angioplasty.1 cl, 12 dwg, 2 ex
BACKGROUND: Fatigue is a common side effect of cancer and its treatment and is thought to be driven in part by activation of the proinflammatory cytokine network. However, the cellular and molecular underpinnings of cancer-related fatigue (CRF) have not been determined, nor have immune pathways beyond inflammation been carefully investigated. The goal of this study was to examine the association between CRF and activation of canonical proinflammatory gene regulation pathways and Type I interferon (IFN) signaling pathways in breast cancer patients during and after treatment.
METHODS: Women diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer (n = 181) completed assessments before and after treatment with radiation and/or chemotherapy and at 6, 12, and 18-month post-treatment follow-ups. Assessments included self-reported fatigue (Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory - Short Form) and expression of pre-specified sets of Type I IFN and pro-inflammatory immune response genes determined from mRNA sequencing of PBMCs. Mixed effect linear models examined changes in fatigue and immune gene expression over time and tested the hypothesis that fatigue would be associated with increased expression of Type I IFN and inflammatory response genes.
RESULTS: There were significant changes in fatigue and immune gene expression across the assessment period; all measures increased from pre- to post-treatment but showed diverging patterns over the follow-up, with declines in fatigue and persistent elevations in Type I IFN and proinflammatory gene expression. In mixed effect linear models, expression of Type I IFN response genes was elevated in association with fatigue across the assessment period, from pre-treatment to 18-month follow-up. In contrast, pro-inflammatory gene expression was associated with fatigue only at 6, 12, and 18-month follow-ups. Analyses controlling for changes in leukocyte subsets continued to show a significant association between fatigue and Type I IFN gene expression but reduced the time-dependent association with pro-inflammatory gene expression to non-significant.
CONCLUSIONS: Results revealed unexpected complexity in the immune underpinnings of CRF and identify a novel role for IFN signaling as a robust contributor to this symptom before, during, and after treatment. Pro-inflammatory gene expression emerged as a predictor of fatigue later in the cancer trajectory, and that effect was primarily accounted for by a concurrent increase in monocyte prevalence.
Anthropogenic nutrient loading has resulted in eutrophication and habitat degradation within estuaries. Study of eutrophication in estuaries has often focused on larger systems, while there has been increasing interest in understanding the governing processes in smaller systems. In this study, we incorporate both monitoring data and mechanistic modeling to improve our understanding of eutrophication in a small, shallow New England estuary. High-frequency continuous and discrete water quality samples were collected from 2018 to 2020 along a salinity gradient and at varying depth to provide temporal and spatial resolution of the system. Conditions of this estuary were simulated using the Hydrological Simulation Program - FORTRAN (HSPF) and the Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP) to develop a mechanistic, numerical fate and transport model. Our findings suggest complex hydrodynamics with three distinct salinity gradients and variability in salinity concentration upstream. Simulated and observed nutrient trends demonstrated decreasing total nitrogen concentration moving downstream and low total phosphorus concentration throughout the system. Simulated nutrient depletion and shading via macroalgae suggest their importance in similar modeling initiatives. Dynamic spatiotemporal variability in dissolved oxygen concentrations ([DO]) resulted from hydrodynamic and ecological processes such as large, rapid swings in phytoplankton. Carbonaceous biological oxygen demand was suggested to be the driver of hypoxia in surface waters, while sediment oxygen demand may drive low [DO] in the stratified, benthic waters. These findings suggest that the coordination of monitoring and modeling was important to understanding the governing mechanisms of eutrophication and hypoxia. Insights from this study could be used to support regional management strategies to increase [DO], improve water clarity, and recover indigenous seagrass beds. This work has the potential to inform future study and management of small, complex estuaries.
PURPOSE:To prevent temporary dehydration and promote health by placing drug plant in an air permeable drug plant holder provided on a vaporizer heated by a heat source introduced into a sauna room and spraying drug plant components into be room together with high-temp. steam. CONSTITUTION:Water 7 is put in a vaporizer 6 and a drug plant holder 7 is disposed on the upper portion of the raporizer 6 with high-pressure high temp. steam from the outside as a heat source 5. Dry magwort, carrot, costus root, angelicae radix, and corn silk are placed in be holder 7. Water 7 in the vaporizer 6 is heated by a heat source 5 to a high temp., begins to vaporize and is passed though me holder 7 to spray drug plant components into the room. The bather 2 on a bench 3 inhales drug plant component containing steam 10 as he breathes and absorbs it through the skin. The bather can enjoy sauna bathing at a relatively low temp. due to effect of drug plants, and perspiration and chill after a bath are more effective than by high-temp. sauna, without giving excessive load on a circulation system.
Small airways are characterized as those with an inner diameter less than 2 mm and constitute a major site of pathology and inflammation in asthma disease. It is estimated that small airways dysfunction may occur before the emergence of noticeable symptoms, spirometric abnormalities and imaging findings, thus characterizing them as "the quiet or silent zone" of the lungs. Despite their importance, measuring and quantifying small airways dysfunction presents a considerable challenge due to their inaccessibility in usual functional measurements, primarily due to their size and peripheral localization. Several pulmonary function tests have been proposed for the assessment of the small airways, including impulse oscillometry, nitrogen washout, body plethysmography, as well as imaging methods. Nevertheless, none of these methods has been established as the definitive "gold standard," thus, a combination of them should be used for an effective assessment of the small airways. Widely used asthma treatments seem to also affect several parameters of the small airways. Emerging biologic treatments show promising results in reducing small airways inflammation and remodelling, providing evidence for potential alterations in the disease's progression and outcomes. These novel therapies have implications not only in the clinical aspects of asthma but also in its inflammatory and functional aspects.
INTRODUCTION: Spontaneous control of chronic-phase HIV/SIV viremia is often associated with the expression of specific MHC class I allotypes. HIV/SIV-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) restricted by these MHC class I allotypes appear to be critical for viremic control. Establishment of the elite controller (EC) phenotype is predictable in SIVmac239-infected Indian rhesus macaques (RMs), with approximately 50% of Mamu-B*08+ RMs and 20% of Mamu-B*17+ RMs becoming ECs. Despite extensive characterization of EC-associated CTLs in HIV/SIV-infected individuals, the precise mechanistic basis of elite control remains unknown. Because EC and non-EC viral load trajectories begin diverging by day 14 post-infection, we hypothesized that hyperacute innate immune responses may contribute to viremic control.
METHODS: To gain insight into the immunological factors involved in the determination of EC status, we vaccinated 16 Mamu-B*08+ RMs with Vif and Nef to elicit EC-associated CTLs, then subjected these 16 vaccinees and an additional 16 unvaccinated Mamu-B*08+ controls to repeated intrarectal SIVmac239 challenges. We then performed whole-blood transcriptomic analysis of all 32 SIVmac239-infected Mamu-B*08+ RMs and eight SIVmac239-infected Mamu-B*08 - RMs during the first 14 days of infection.
RESULTS: Vaccination did not provide protection against acquisition, but peak and setpoint viremia were significantly lower in vaccinees relative to controls. We did not identify any meaningful correlations between vaccine-induced CTL parameters and SIVmac239 acquisition rate or chronic-phase viral loads. Ultimately, 13 of 16 vaccinees (81%) and 7 of 16 controls (44%) became ECs (viremia ≤ 10,000 vRNA copies/mL plasma for ≥ 4 weeks). We identified subsets of immunomodulatory genes differentially expressed (DE) between RM groupings based on vaccination status, EC status, and MHC class I genotype. These DE genes function in multiple innate immune processes, including the complement system, cytokine/chemokine signaling, pattern recognition receptors, and interferon-mediated responses.
DISCUSSION: A striking difference in the kinetics of differential gene expression among our RM groups suggests that Mamu-B*08-associated elite control is characterized by a robust, rapid innate immune response that quickly resolves. These findings indicate that, despite the association between MHC class I genotype and elite control, innate immune factors in hyperacute SIV infection preceding CTL response development may facilitate the establishment of the EC phenotype.
Intervention group: Individuals in this group complete a tablet PC-supported assessment at baseline and 12-month follow-up, both at the general practice. At months 4 and 7, follow-up data are collected by study team members via phone call. According to the assessments (baseline, month 4, and month 7), participants receive three counseling letters aiming to increase moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and to reduce sedentary time. Additionally, individuals who were daily smokers at baseline, receive three counseling letters aiming to foster the motivation to quit smoking. The first letter is accompanied by a self-help manual covering specific information relevant for the particular stage of motivation to change smoking behavior.
Middle ear malformations (MEMs) represent a diverse group of congenital anomalies with significant implications for auditory function. These malformations, which occur in approximately 0.5 to 3% of conductive hearing loss cases, can arise from various genetic and environmental factors. They often manifest unilaterally and may occur in isolation or as part of a syndromic condition. MEMs are closely associated with abnormalities of the external ear and less frequently with inner ear anomalies.Embryologically, the middle ear develops from the first and second pharyngeal arches, with interactions between the ectoderm and endoderm contributing to the formation of essential structures such as the tympanic membrane, ossicles and Eustachian tube. Disruptions in these developmental processes can lead to a spectrum of MEMs, ranging from minor defects to severe malformations affecting multiple middle ear components.Clinical management of MEMs requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving otolaryngologists, pediatricians, and audiologists. Early intervention with appropriate hearing aids, including conventional hearing aids and bone conduction devices, is essential to mitigate the impact of conductive hearing loss on speech and language development, particularly in children.Surgical planning involves comprehensive preoperative assessment, including high-resolution computed tomography imaging to evaluate middle ear anatomy, the facial nerve course, and vascular anomalies. Traditional surgical approaches such as stapesplasty and tympanoplasty remain mainstays for correcting specific middle ear defects, while advances in technology have expanded the role of active middle ear implants in treating special cases.In conclusion, MEMs represent a heterogeneous group of congenital anomalies with diverse etiologies and clinical implications. A thorough understanding of their embryological basis, genetic underpinnings, and surgical management strategies is crucial for optimizing outcomes in affected individuals.
This project is about developing and evaluating a novel work rehabilitation program, Redesigning Daily Occupations (ReDO), for women with stress-related disorders. It is a co-operation project between Lund University, the Social Insurance Office, and the health care services of the County of Halland. The ReDO intervention focuses on how people compose their everyday lives. Supporting people in how to change and modify their patterns of daily occupations is a new intervention method for people with stress-related disorders, but it has been shown to be effective in improving quality of life and self-rated health in other target groups. The basic idea is that re-structuring of an individual's lifestyle and pattern of daily occupations will lead to a healthier balance between the occupations of everyday life, and that this balance will promote wellness and increased work capacity. The program is group based and comprises 16 weeks, with sessions 2 x 2 hours per week, followed by 3-4 booster sessions.

The aim of the research project is to evaluate the outcomes of ReDO for women with stress-related disorders. The hypothesis is that the ReDO group will improve more than a comparison group receiving "care-as-usual" (CAU) regarding return to work, sick leave, and different aspects of health and well-being. group in all these respects.

The project is a quasi-experimental study. It covers the time period from entering the program to a 12-month follow-up. According to initial plans, the first 50 women who entered the ReDO program and fitted the selection criteria would be included. A power analysis indicated that 40 individuals in each group were needed to detect a medium effect size (of 0.6) with 80% power at p\<.05. Forty-two women were actually recruited to the ReDO intervention. A matched comparison group was selected among those clients at the Social Insurance Office who get (CAU). The match was made on specific diagnosis, age, family situation (civil status and number of children), type of occupation and duration of sick leave. Thus, in all 84 women take part in the project. The data consist of registry information from the Social Insurance Office (SIO) and questionnaires targeting socio-demographics, perceived stress, and different aspects of health and well-being.
Adults and children: Thoroughly massage permethrin cream into the skin from the head to the soles of the feet. Scabies rarely infests the scalp of adults, although the hairline, neck, temple, and forehead may be infested in infants and geriatric patients. Usually 30 grams is sufficient for an average adult. The cream should be removed by washing (shower or bath) after 8 to 14 hours. Infants should be treated on the scalp, temple and forehead. ONE APPLICATION IS GENERALLY CURATIVE.

Patients may experience persistent pruritus after treatment. This is rarely a sign of treatment failure and is not an indication for retreatment. Demonstrable living mites after 14 days indicate that retreatment is necessary.
Disease: Advanced renal cell carcinoma. Anti-PD-(L)1 + kinase inhibitor. Dosage form, dosage, frequency and duration will be either standard of care and accessed via normal commissioning arrangements, or will be part of an ethics-approved clinical trial, where co-enrollment into an observational study is permitted.
The invention discloses an artesunate composition for injection, and the composition includes 1000 parts by weight of a raw material artesunate and 500-950 parts by weight of an accessory L-lysine. The composition can dissolve artesunate with poor solubility and adjust the pH value to a neutral to slightly alkaline state suitable for injection, and the solution is clear and transparent. The composition has good solubility and mobility, can be packaged into a practical powder preparation for injection; and more important, the stability of the composition has unexpected improvement. The invention also provides a preparation process of the artesunate composition for injection. The preparation method is by directly mixing the artesunate and L-lysine and packing; or dissolving, degerming, and preparing the materials into a powder injection by freeze-drying technology. The artesunate composition for injection provided by the invention has the advantages of simple technology and stabile and reliable quality.
Men in Arm A will undergo a MRI followed by either a targeted biopsy of suspicious areas or will be followed for two years if there is no suspicious areas identified by MRI. The unbiopsied men will have a repeat MRI at 2 years.
All subjects in the 'education booklet and preoperative' arm will receive the current standard Johns Hopkins Community Physicians Surgery packet and the Patient Information Booklet, specific to participants' surgery. Those subjects randomized to the 'education booklet and preoperative' arm will receive a pre-operative phone call by the research study's lead nurse, Catherine Davidson, approximately 1 week after participants enroll in the study. She will review pre-operative and post-operative guidelines pertinent to participants' operative as outlined in the patient information booklet. The amount of time (in minutes) that this phone call takes will be recorded in an excel file sheet.
It is believed that platelet reactivity and interaction with prosthetic cardiac valve surfaces, resulting in abnormally shortened platelet survival time, is a significant factor in thromboembolic complications occurring in connection with prosthetic heart valve replacement.

Dipyridamole tablets have been found to lengthen abnormally shortened platelet survival time in a dose-dependent manner.

In three randomized controlled clinical trials involving 854 patients who had undergone surgical placement of a prosthetic heart valve, dipyridamole tablets, in combination with warfarin, decreased the incidence of postoperative thromboembolic events by 62 to 91 % compared to warfarin treatment alone. The incidence of thromboembolic events in patients receiving the combination of dipyridamole tablets and warfarin ranged from 1.2 to 1.8%. In three additional studies involving 392 patients taking dipyridamole tablets and coumarin-like anticoagulants, the incidence of thromboembolic events ranged from 2.3 to 6.9%.

In these trials, the coumarin anticoagulant was begun between 24 hours and 4 days postoperatively, and the dipyridamole tablets were begun between 24 hours and 10 days postoperatively. The length of follow-up in these trials varied from 1 to 2 years.

Dipyridamole tablets do not influence prothrombin time or activity measurements when administered with warfarin.
Bortezomib will be administered as intravenous infusion as 1.6 milligram per meter square (mg per m\^2) on Days 1, 8, 15 and 22 of cycle 1 and Days 36, 43, 50, 57 of cycle 2 and (if applicable) on Days 71, 78, 85, and 92 of Cycle 3. Rituximab will be administered as intravenous infusion as 375 mg per m\^2 on Days 36, 43, 50, 57 of cycle 2 and (if applicable) on Days 71, 78, 85, and 92 of Cycle 3.
Systems and methods are described for developing studies such as clinical trials, including computer-assisted recruitment or selection of patients, clinical trial investigators, facilities, or clinical trial study sites. In certain examples, computer-processing of physician records scores physicians potential investigators, as determined from at least one physician characteristic, and the physician's proximity to the nearest clinical trial study site. Clinical trial study sites are also scored. In certain examples, at least one physician characteristic is used to score potential clinical trial study sites. Processes for engaging physicians and their patients in clinical trial studies are also described. Suitable patients can be contacted through their physicians or other caregivers to participate in the clinical trial study.