anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The purpose of this study is to determine whether pembrolizumab, when given after salvage surgery, is effective in increasing the time a person with squamous cell cancer of the head and neck remains disease-free following locoregional disease recurrence.

This is a prospective, multi-center, open label, phase II study with a window of opportunity component in patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) treated with adjuvant pembrolizumab following salvage surgery. Forty-five (45) patients will participate in this study to determine disease-free survival probability at 12 months. Secondary objectives include assessments of disease-free survival probability at 2 years, overall survival, adverse events and toxicity, and immune and molecular correlatives. For the window of opportunity component, patients will be randomized 3:1 in favor of receiving pembrolizumab 200 mg administered intravenously (IV) every three weeks for a maximum of two doses, versus placebo prior to salvage surgery. Approximately three to six weeks following the first dose of pembrolizumab, patients will undergo salvage surgery. Tumor tissue and blood will be collected at the time of surgery for immune correlative studies.
1,152,894. Guanidines. ISTITUTO CHEMIOTERAPICO ITALIANO S.p.A. 17 May, 1967 [23 May, 1966], No. 22896/67. Heading C2C. Novel guanidines (and salts thereof) of the general formula wherein R is an ethyl or butyl group are prepared by the interaction of the methyl ester of 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid and the appropriately dialkyl substituted guanidine. Pharmaceutical preparations having sedative and tranquillizing properties contain as active ingredient the above novel compounds and may be administered enterally or parenterally.
PURPOSE: To provide a skin-care composition containing an O/W-type emulsion liquid and retinoids and having excellent physical stability of the emulsion liquid and chemical stability of the active components. CONSTITUTION: An O/W-type emulsion liquid is incorporated with a retinoid selected from vitamin A alcohol, vitamin A aldehyde, retinyl acetate, retinyl palmitate and their mixture and further with a stabilizer system selected from (a) an oil-soluble antioxidant (e.g. butylated hydroxytoluene), (b) a chelating agent (e.g. ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) and an oil-soluble antioxidant, (c) a chelating agent and (d) an antioxidant and a chelating agent existing in each of the oil phase and the water phase of the emulsion liquid. At least 70% of the retinoid remains after adjusting the composition to pH4-10 and storing at 40 deg.C for 13 weeks. The oil phase of the composition is composed of saturated oil or fat and has a C value of <=1,200. The content of the retinoids in the composition is 0.001-5wt.%.
Cimetidine: Five studies in healthy volunteers investigated the impact of multiple cimetidine doses on the single or multiple dose pharmacokinetics of nifedipine. Two studies investigated the impact of co-administered cimetidine on blood pressure in hypertensive subjects on nifedipine. In normotensive subjects receiving single doses of 10 mg or multiple doses of up to 20 mg nifedipine t.i.d. alone or together with cimetidine up to 1000 mg/day, the AUC values of nifedipine in the presence of cimetidine were between 1.52 and 2.01 times those in the absence of cimetidine. The Cmax values of nifedipine in the presence of cimetidine were increased by factors ranging between 1.60 and 2.02. The increase in exposure to nifedipine by cimetidine was accompanied by relevant changes in blood pressure or heart rate in normotensive subjects. Hypertensive subjects receiving 10 mg q.d. nifedipine alone or in combination with cimetidine 1000 mg q.d. also experienced relevant changes in blood pressure when cimetidine was added to nifedipine. The interaction between cimetidine and nifedipine is of clinical relevance and blood pressure should be monitored and a reduction of the dose of nifedipine considered.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic review was to ascertain guideline-recommended pharmaceutical approaches to lumbosacral radicular symptoms, assess the quality of the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) tool, and qualitatively synthesize the guideline recommendations.
LITERATURE SURVEY: Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Index to Chiropractic Literature, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). We included guidelines published between January 1, 2017, and January 9, 2022, written in the English language, related to radiculopathy, sciatica, and/or low back pain with leg pain, and that provided recommendations on oral medication.
METHODOLOGY: The review was performed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and the protocol was pre-registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). Eligibility screening, full-text review, extraction of information pertaining to pharmacological management, and synthesis of results were performed independently by two authors and a third investigator was recruited to arbitrate any disagreements. The AGREE II tool was administered by four authors to appraise CPG quality.
SYNTHESIS: After screening 413 citations and assessing 37 full-text articles, 11 CPGs met the inclusion criteria. They represented seven countries (Belgium, Canada, England, France, Japan, Korea, and United States) and three continents (Asia, Europe, and North America), as well as the Global Spine Care Initiative aimed at a worldwide presence. The mean overall AGREE II score was 87.1% (standard deviation [SD] 12.6%), generally reflecting high-quality CPGs. The highest domain mean score was for Clarity of Presentation (96.7%, SD 4.4%), and the lowest was Applicability (75.6%, SD 22.8%). Five classes of medications were recommended by at least one CPG: anticonvulsants, antidepressants, oral corticosteroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and opioids.
CONCLUSIONS: The most common medication class recommended by the CPGs for lumbar radiculopathy was antidepressants. No CPGs recommended prescribing acetaminophen, benzodiazepines, muscle relaxants, or antibiotics. There was very little agreement between the CPGs, and all the medication classes had at least one CPG recommended against its use. Three guidelines reviewed did not recommend any medications due to lack of supporting literature, and instead recommended nonpharmacologic therapy.
The present invention relates to the field of cancer treatment. In this study, the inventors sought to investigate whether this antiproliferative effect of DHODH inhibitors could be enhanced by combining Chk1 kinase inhibition. They show that the effect of the DHODH inhibitor teriflunomide was amplified when cells were subsequently exposed to PF477736 Chk1 inhibitor. Flow cytometry analyses revealed substantial accumulations of cells in S and G2/M phases, followed by increased cytotoxicity which was characterised by caspase 3-dependent induction of cell death. Associating PF477736 with teriflunomide significantly sensitised SUM159 and HCC1937 human triple negative breast cancer cell lines to dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibition. More, the combination of the DHODH inhibitor with the Chk1 inhibitor in a significant lower dose allow to minimize the off-target effects of the Chk1 inhibitor. Altogether these results suggest that combining DHODH and Chk1 inhibitions may be a strategy worth considering as a potential alternative to conventional chemotherapies. Thus, the present invention relates to an inhibitor of DHODH and an inhibitor of Chk1 for use in the treatment of a cancer in a subject in need thereof.
A recent study described a rare subtype of tuberous sclerosis complex ( TSC )-mutated renal cell carcinoma primarily characterized by Xanthomatous giant cell morphology. Only 2 cases in young individuals have been reported so far, making the correct diagnosis challenging from a pathological perspective. It remains unknown whether this tumor represents an independent subtype or belongs to other TSC -mutated tumors. We conducted a clinicopathologic evaluation and immunohistochemical profiling of 5 cases of Xanthomatous Giant Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (XGC RCC) with confirmed TSC2 mutations through targeted DNA sequencing. In addition, we analyzed transcriptomic profiles using RNA-seq for the following samples: XGC RCC, Low-grade Oncocytic tumors (LOT), High-grade Oncocytic tumors/Eosinophilic Vacuolar Tumors (HOT/EVT), Eosinophilic Solid and Cystic Renal Cell Carcinomas (ESC RCC), Chromophobe cell Renal Cell Carcinomas (ChRCC), Renal Oncocytomas (RO), clear cell Renal Cell Carcinomas (ccRCC), and normal renal tissues. There were 2 female and 3 male patients, aged 22 to 58 years, who underwent radical nephrectomy for tumor removal. The tumor sizes ranged from 4.7 to 9.5 cm in diameter. These tumors exhibited ill-defined boundaries, showed an expansive growth pattern, and featured distinctive tumor giant cells with abundant eosinophilic to Xanthomatous cytoplasm and prominent nucleoli. All tumors had low Ki-67 proliferation indices (<1%) and demonstrated immune reactivity for CD10, PAX8, CK20, CathepsinK, and GPNMB. Next-generation sequencing confirmed TSC2 mutations in all cases. RNA sequencing-based clustering indicated a close similarity between the tumor and ESC RCC. One patient (1/5) died of an accident 63 months later, while the remaining patients (4/5) were alive without tumor recurrences or metastases at the time of analysis, with a mean follow-up duration of 43.4 months. Our research supports the concept that Xanthomatous giant cell renal cell carcinoma (XGC RCC) shares clinicopathological and molecular characteristics with ESC RCC and shows a relatively positive prognosis, providing further support for a close morphologic spectrum between the two. We propose considering XGC RCC as a distinct subtype of ESC RCC.
Participants will be maintained on extended-release morphine (dose tailored to the individual, based on pre-experimental opioid use amount), in three divided daily doses. Yohimbine 60mg powder + Hydrocortisone (Cortef™) 20mg tablet administered on one day.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a very disabling health problem. Paralysis and paresis of limb and trunk muscles are major consequences of SCI and result in the inability to walk or difficulty walking. The most commonly stated goal by individuals with SCI during rehabilitation is the desire to walk again. Locomotor training (LT) that uses a body-weight support system and treadmill (BWST) is a task-specific rehabilitation intervention that allows practice of walking at normal speeds while loading the lower extremities, facilitating upright posture, and hip extension. Substantial improvement in ambulation can occur following locomotor training (LT) in individuals with motor incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). Despite these advances in activity-dependent rehabilitation, a need exists for defining complementary strategies that further amplify endogenous neuroplasticity. The proposed study will assess the therapeutic potential of (1) a respiratory training intervention (acute intermittent hypoxia, or AIH) on breathing function and (2) a combined locomotor (LT) and respiratory (AIH) training intervention for enhancing walking recovery.
1. Technical Result Increase in stability of medicinal means.          2. Essence A tablet with controlled release comprises compressed mixture of granulate obtained by granulation process from betahistine melt or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt with at least one fatty component with at least one hydrophilic polymer capable of absorbing water and conventional excipients.         3. Field of Application Medicine.
Cannabis sativa L. (hemp) is a herbaceous plant rich in cannabinoids with a long history of use in pain treatment. The most well-characterized cannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), garnered much attention in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) treatment. However, few studies have investigated the biological benefits and mechanism of hemp extract on CIPN. In the present study, hemp extract (JG) rich in cannabinoids was extracted by supercritical fluid carbon dioxide extraction (SFCE). The antinociceptive efficacy was evaluated using a paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) rat model based on behavioral tests. Further omics-based approaches were applied to explore the potential mechanisms. The results showed that JG decreased mechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, and inflammatory cytokines in PIPN rats significantly. Transcriptome analysis identified seven key genes significantly regulated by JG in PIPN model rats, mainly related to the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway, PPAR signaling pathway, and cAMP signaling pathway. In metabolomic analysis, a total of 39 significantly altered metabolites were identified, mainly correlated with pentose and glucuronate interconversions and the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway. Gut microbiota analysis suggested that increased community Lachnoclostridium and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006 in PIPN rats can be reversed significantly by JG. In conclusion, hemp extract exhibited antinociceptive effects on PIPN. The analgesic mechanism was probably related to the regulation of inflammation, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway, sphingolipid metabolism, etc. This study provides novel insights into the functional interactions of Cannabis sativa L. extract on PIPN.
The One-Day Evening Only regimen is the alternative dosing method for patients for whom the Split-Dosing regimen is inappropriate.

Instruct adult patients that on the day before the clinical procedure, they can consume breakfast, followed by a light lunch (no solid foods), and clear soup and/or plain yogurt for dinner, which must be completed at least 1 hour prior to the start of the first PEG-3350, Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Chloride, Potassium Chloride, Sodium Ascorbate, and Ascorbic Acid for Oral Solution dose.

Instruct adult patients to take two separate doses in conjunction with fluids as follows: 

Dose 1 – At least 3 ½ hours before bedtime the evening before the colonoscopy:

  1. Empty the contents of 1 Pouch A, 1 Pouch B and 1 Lemon Flavor pack into the mixing container that comes with PEG-3350, Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Chloride, Potassium Chloride, Sodium Ascorbate, and Ascorbic Acid for Oral Solution.
  2. Add lukewarm water to the Fill Line on the mixing container (32 fluid ounces). Do not add other ingredients to the PEG-3350, Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Chloride, Potassium Chloride, Sodium Ascorbate, and Ascorbic Acid for Oral Solution- solution.
  3. Thoroughly mix with a spoon or shake with lid on securely until the contents of Pouch A, Pouch B and Lemon Flavor pack are completely dissolved.
  4. Drink 8 ounces of the solution every 15 minutes. This should take about 1 hour. Be sure to drink all the solution.



Dose 2 – At least 1 ½ hours after starting Dose 1 on the evening before the colonoscopy:

  1. Empty the contents of 1 Pouch A, 1 Pouch B and 1 Lemon Flavor pack into the mixing container that comes with PEG-3350, Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Chloride, Potassium Chloride, Sodium Ascorbate, and Ascorbic Acid for Oral Solution.
  2. Add lukewarm water to the Fill Line on the mixing container (32 fluid ounces). Do not add other ingredients to the PEG-3350, Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Chloride, Potassium Chloride, Sodium Ascorbate, and Ascorbic Acid for Oral Solution- solution.
  3. Thoroughly mix with a spoon or shake with lid on securely until the contents of Pouch A, Pouch B and Lemon Flavor pack are completely dissolved.
  4. Drink 8 ounces of the solution every 15 minutes. This should take about 1 hour. Be sure to drink all of the solution.
  5. Refill the mixing container to the Fill Line (32 fluid ounces) with a clear liquid and drink all this liquid before going to bed.
  6. Consume additional water or clear liquids up to 2 hours before the colonoscopy or as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Then stop drinking liquids until after the colonoscopy.



Stop drinking PEG-3350, Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Chloride, Potassium Chloride, Sodium Ascorbate, and Ascorbic Acid for Oral Solution temporarily or drink each portion at longer intervals if severe bloating, abdominal discomfort or distention occurs, until these symptoms resolve.
In patients who may be susceptible to the intracranial effects of CO retention (e.g., those with evidence of increased intracranial pressure or brain tumors), INFUMORPH may reduce respiratory drive, and the resultant CO retention can further increase intracranial pressure. Monitor such patients for signs of sedation and respiratory depression, particularly when initiating therapy with INFUMORPH. INFUMORPH should be used with extreme caution in patients with head injury or increased intracranial pressure. Pupillary changes (miosis) from morphine may obscure the existence, extent and course of intracranial pathology. High doses of neuraxial morphine may produce myoclonic events [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)]. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for adverse drug reactions when evaluating altered mental status or movement abnormalities in patients receiving this modality of treatment.  
  
Opioids may also obscure the clinical course in a patient with a head injury. Avoid the use of INFUMORPH in patients with impaired consciousness or coma.
This group will consist of 25 adult subjects with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) who have been responsive to first line anti-TNF-alpha therapy. During the exam the following will take place: the multidimensional health assessment questionnaire (MDHAQ), dental exam, saliva collection, and dental plaque will be removed from different tooth surfaces for supragingival.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the expression of platelet membrane glycoprotein sialylation in primary immune thrombocytopenia and provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
METHODS: 100 children with primary immune thrombocytopenia diagnosed and treated in the Children's Hospital of Yunhe District Central Hospital of Cangzhou City, Hebei Province from January 2020 to June 2022 were included in the study group. All children were treated with dexamethasone (DXMS) shock therapy; Another 20 healthy children who underwent routine physical examination at the same time were selected and included in the control group. The study measured the platelet membrane surface in plasma using flow cytometry in two groups: the comparative study group and the control group. The study measured the positive rates of α 2,3-sialic acid (α 2, 3-sa) and α 2,6-sialic acid (α 2, 6-sa) in both groups. The study also measured the positive rates of α 2,3-sialic acid (α 2, 3-sa) and α 2,6-sialic acid (α 2, 6-sa) before and after treatment in the comparative study group. At the same time, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the content of sialic acid and sialidase activity and content in the serum. The detection values of α2, 3-SA, and α2, 6-SA expression of children in the study group and the control group were compared, and the detection values of α2, 3-SA, and α2, 6-SA expression of children in the study group before and after treatment were compared.
RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the positive rate of α 2, 3-sa between the study group and the control group (t=0.852, P > .05); Study Group: The positive rate of α 2,6-sa was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < .05). In the study group, there was no significant difference in the positive rate of α 2,3-sa before and after treatment (P > .05). However, after treatment, the positive rate of α 2,6-sa was significantly higher than before (P < .05). The study found that the children in the study group had significantly higher levels of serum sialic acid content, sialidase activity, and content than those in the control group (P < .05). After treatment, the children in the study group showed a decrease in serum sialic acid content, sialidase activity, and content, which was statistically significant (P < .05) compared to before treatment.
CONCLUSION: The sialylation of platelet membrane glycoprotein is abnormally expressed in primary immune thrombocytopenia. The sialylation of platelet membrane glycoprotein may be involved in the occurrence and development of the disease. It is of great practical significance to diagnose and evaluate the therapeutic effect of the disease by detecting the sialylation of platelet membrane glycoprotein.
BACKGROUND: Within the perioperative period, depression-related diagnoses are associated with postoperative complications. We developed a perioperative depression screening programme to assess disease prevalence and feasibility for intervention.
METHODS: Adult patients in multiple surgical departments at a single academic centre were screened for depression via the electronic health record patient portal or preoperative anaesthesia clinic before surgery, using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2 and -8. We utilised a broad method, screening all patients, and a focused method, only screening patients with a history of depression. Logistic regression was used to identify characteristics associated with clinically significant depression (PHQ-8 ≥10). Symptomatic patients were administered a brief psychoeducational intervention and referred for mental health services.
RESULTS: A total of 3735 patients were identified by the broad and focused screens, of whom 2940 (79%) returned PHQ-2 data and were included in analysis. The broad screen (N=1216) found 46 (4%) patients who reported symptoms of moderate or greater severity. The focused screen (N=1724) found 242 (14%) patients with symptoms of moderate or greater severity and over all higher rates of depression across the symptom severity scale. Using the total screened pool, logistic regression identified a history of depression as the strongest associated patient characteristic variable but this did not capture most cases. Finally, we found that 66% of patients who were contacted about mental health services accepted referrals or sought outside care.
CONCLUSIONS: At least 4% of preoperative patients have clinically significant symptoms of depression, most of whom do not have a chart history of depression.
This 12 mo. Type II hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial will compare effectiveness (weight loss, physical activity, HbA1c) of Cooperative Extension delivering the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) by group video using Zoom® (GV) vs. a self-directed (SD) control. Active vs. passive participant recruitment strategies will be compared on recruitment outcomes including time to full enrollment, participant yield, and retention rates. Ten Cooperative Extension local units/districts serving rural Kansas counties will be allocated to either active or passive recruitment. Each of the sites will recruit adults with prediabetes living in the county served by Kansas State Research and Extension site and will be randomized to one of the 2 intervention arms. A centralized team of Cooperative Extension Agents who complete NDPP lifestyle coach training will serve as interventionists for both the GV and SD arms. Primary (weight) and secondary outcomes (HbA1c, the proportion of participants meeting weight loss (≥ 5%) and physical activity goals (≥150 min./wk.) will be assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 mos. Findings will inform best practices in the delivery of the DPP through Cooperative Extension in rural communities that could reach this high risk population.