anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
People with dementia often have fragmented night-time sleep, prolonged night-time awakenings and increased daytime sleep. Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) (e.g. agitation, depression) are also common. Noticeably, both sleep problems and BPSD are related to a disturbed circadian rhythm. Light is the most important input to the circadian system, and exposure to sufficient daylight is important for entrainment of the circadian rhythm to the surroundings. Dementia patients living in nursing homes (NH) are less exposed to daylight than dementia patients living at home. Bright light therapy is a promising treatment in these patients as it may improve sleep, BPSD, and independent functioning. However, traditional bright light treatment has not been routinely employed in NH patients or patients with dementia. This may be related to difficulties in achieving adherence to the traditional treatment and thus the benefit of bright light therapy for people with dementia still remains unclear.

DEM.LIGHT uses modern LED (light-emitting diodes) technology that enables light therapy with the least possible interference of the day-to-day life in NHs, as the treatment is not confined to a light source presupposing behavioural compliance. Ceiling-mounted LED-sources can be programmed in terms of timing, light intensity and colour temperature. DEM.LIGHT uses this to provide therapy light rooms with a dynamic light condition that better emulates natural light throughout the day. The study is a cluster-randomized trial evaluating the effect of therapy light rooms on various measures of physical and mental health in NH patients with dementia. Data will be collected at baseline, after 8 and 16 weeks of treatment, and at the end of the intervention period (24 weeks).
PURPOSE: Gastrointestinal bleeding is an important gastrointestinal complication among peritoneal dialysis patients and correlated with a higher risk of mortality. Increased uric acid levels are a significant complication for peritoneal dialysis patients and have been associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke. The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between serum uric acid levels and gastrointestinal bleeding in peritoneal dialysis patients.
METHODS: A total of 2498 peritoneal dialysis patients were recruited. Based on the optimal uric acid cutoff value, two groups of patients were divided. We constructed a propensity-score-matched population of 1762 patients by matching sex, age, and body mass index. Survival outcomes between the two groups were compared using adjusted Kaplan-Meier curves. We constructed the restricted cubic splines regression to assess the correlation between levels of uric acid and gastrointestinal bleeding. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to test whether higher levels of uric acid are an independent risk factor for gastrointestinal bleeding. We performed a forest plot to show interaction effects in different subgroups.
RESULTS: According to restricted cubic splines regression, uric acid levels were positively correlated with the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding events. After adjusted different confounding factors, patients with high levels of uric acid were prone to experience gastrointestinal bleeding (HR 1.868, 95%CI 1.001-3.486). In subgroups, the interaction between higher levels of uric acid and utilizing proton pump inhibitors was significant (P for interaction = 0.034). Further research found that taking proton pump inhibitors could decrease the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding in peritoneal dialysis patients accompanied high levels of uric acid.
CONCLUSION: The baseline high levels of uric acid are an independent risk factor for gastrointestinal bleeding in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
Patients receive nivolumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of each cycle, cisplatin IV or carboplatin IV over 30-60 minutes on day 1 of each cycle and gemcitabine IV over 30 minutes on days 1 and 8 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 6 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo CT or MRI and blood sample collection during screening and on study.
The development of brain during critical periods in embryogenesis is vulnerable to changes in diet, specifically changes in choline intake. Babies born of mothers eating more choline are smarter on memory testing. These effects of dietary choline have been repeatedly demonstrated in rodent models in a series of studies funded by the NIH during the last eight years. Specifically, prenatal choline supplementation in rats facilitates cognitive function and visuospatial memory, whereas choline deficiency impairs divided attention and accelerates the age-related decline in temporal processing. There are two sensitive periods in rat brain development during which treatment with choline produces long-lasting enhancement of spatial memory that is lifelong. The first occurs during embryonic days 12-17 (rats give birth on day 21) and the second, during postnatal days 16-30. Choline supplementation during these critical periods elicits a major improvement in memory performance at all stages of training on a 12-arm radial maze. These changes in memory are correlated with decreases in the threshold for induction of long-term potentiation and with biochemical changes. Choline supplementation in pregnant rats decreases choline acetyltransferase activity and increases phospholipase D (PLD) activity in the hippocampus of offspring. Also, it increases the size of the cell body of cholinergic neurons. In contrast choline deficiency increases the activity of cholinergic system, but does not affect the basal level of PLD activity in hippocampus. These long-lasting functional, anatomical, and biochemical alterations may be related to the changes in neurogenesis and differentiation in fetal hippocampus and septum, areas of brain that are important for normal spatial learning and memory.

It is not known if these findings in rodents are likely to be true in humans, as human and rat brains mature at different rates. Moreover, rat brain is comparatively more mature at birth than is the human brain, but in humans hippocampal development may start around 20 weeks gestation and continue for months after birth. However, everything we know about brain development tells us that the processes seen in rodents are the same as those that occur in the developing human brain. For this reason, it is extremely likely that the robust effects we observe for choline in rodent brain have importance in the human. The research is the first major study in humans to determine whether maternal diet and diet during the baby's first year influences brain function.
Women with intramural myoma not reaching the endometrial cavity will be randomized to either open myomectomy or no intervention .The participants will be assessed through full history-taking with special consideration to age and the duration, type, and cause of infertility. The medical examination included general, abdominal, and vaginal examinations. Finally, an ultrasonography examination was performed to check for the presence of three or more preantral follicles and to exclude ovarian cysts. On day 3 of a natural cycle, a baseline levels of FSH, luteinizing hormone (LH),

, estradiol and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH).Ovarian stimulation was performed using a long, antagonist, or short protocol. They were assigned to one of the 2 groups according to having an intramural myoma not indenting the cavity or not. All will be followed up by transvaginal ultrasonography . When two or more follicles had reached a mean diameter of 18 mm, oocyte maturation was triggered by intramuscular administration of hCG. Embryo transfer will be done at day 2, 3 or 5 according to the circumstances.
INTRODUCTION: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease with an significant genetic component, played mainly by the HLA class II genes. Although evidence on the role of HLA class I genes in developing type 1 diabetes and its onset have emerged, current HLA screening is limited to determining DR3 and DR4 haplotypes. This study aimed to investigate the role of HLA genes on type 1 diabetes risk and age of onset by extensive typing.
METHODS: This study included 115 children and young adults with type 1 diabetes for whom typing of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DRB3/4/5, -DQA1, -DQB1, -DPA1 and -DPB1 genes was conducted using Next Generation Sequencing.
RESULTS: We observed that 13% of type 1 diabetes subjects had non-classical HLA haplotypes that predispose to diabetes. We also found that compared to type 1 diabetes subjects with classical HLA haplotypes, non-classical HLA subjects had a significantly higher frequency of HLA-B*39:06:02 (p-value=0.01) and HLA-C*07:02:01 (p-value=0.03) alleles, known to be involved in activating the immune response. Non-classical HLA subjects also presented peculiar clinical features compared to classical HLA subjects, such as multiple diabetic antibodies and the absence of other autoimmune diseases (i.e., coeliac disease and thyroiditis). We also observed that subjects with early onset had a higher frequency of DQ2/DQ8 genotype than late-onset individuals. Moreover, subjects with late-onset had a higher frequency of alleles HLA-B*27 (p-value=0.003), HLA-C*01:02:01 (p-value=0.027) and C*02:02:02 (p-value=0.01), known to be associated with increased protection against viral infections.
DISCUSSION: This study reveals a broader involvement of the HLA locus in the development and onset of type 1 diabetes, providing insights into new possible disease prevention and management strategies.
PURPOSE: The nasal foramen is located in the nasal bone and for vessels passage to supply the nasal area. This project aimed to establish reliable references for the nasal foramina for future clinical applications.
METHODS: The 72 dried skulls, 46 from the Division of Anatomy, University of Phayao, Thailand, and 26 from the Tulane University School of Medicine, USA, were collected and examined. The location, number, and sizes of nasal foramina were noted. The distances from each nasal foramen to the internasal suture, frontonasal suture, nasomaxillary suture, nasion, and rhinion were also recorded and used in the statistical analytical programs.
RESULTS: The most common type of nasal foramen in all skulls was type II (one external opening) at 65.97%, followed by type I (no foramen opening) at 20.83%, type III (two external openings) at 11.11% and type IV at 2.08% (three external openings). Nasal foramen subtypes in many of the Thai and American skulls were type IIb and type IIa. The diameter of a connecting nasal foramen was significantly larger than that of a non-connecting. Results from embalmed confirmed the passage of the external nasal artery through the nasal cavity.
CONCLUSION: The study shows no significant difference in nasal foramen morphometry between Thai and American. It illustrates recent data on type and subtype classifications and the location of a vascular passage through the nasal foramen. This is the first study of NF variations and their respective classifications.
The Healthy Living Control condition consisted of an online four-session group intervention for 45 minutes, twice a week for two weeks. In each session, facilitators presented information, motivational skills, and behavioral skills to address non-sexual health-related topics particularly relevant to individuals living with HIV, such as nutrition, healthy eating, portion control, exercise and staying active, and stress reduction.
Pseudoexfoliation (PEX) is a widespread condition that is often considered as a generalized disorder involving ocular manifestations as well as other body systems. It is characterized by the deposition of a distinctive fibrillar material in the anterior segment of the eye. The effect of pseudoexfoliation on various ocular tissues has been well studied in the past decades, especially both lens and optic disc damage. Key signs in pseudoexfoliative eyes are attributed to the effect of pseudoexfoliation material on pupillary muscles, lens and optic disc. Pseudoexfoliation appears to be a common disorder in older individuals in Upper Egypt with a prevalence of 4.14%. PXF was bilateral in 82.2% of cases. It was significantly associated with cataract, glaucoma and hearing loss. Of the PXF patients, 65% had cataract, 30.3% had glaucoma and 8.1% had hearing loss. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as angina, aortic aneurysm, and dementia have been linked to PXS. Subjects with PXF had a two- to three-fold increased risk for glaucoma according to the Blue Mountains Eye Study. The classic sign of PXF is the visualization of white pseudoexfoliative material on the pupil margin and on the anterior lens surface. It is believed that pupil size is another indicator for the severity of the disease. In this study we correlate the pupil size with other common ocular signs in PEX such as; lens subluxation and glaucomatous damage.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This multicenter retrospective series of consecutive extra-spinal aneurysmal bone cysts aims to identify risk factors for treatment failure.
METHODS: Aneurysmal bone cysts treated within seven collaborating centers with over 12-months follow-up were eligible for inclusion. Survival analyses were performed to identify variables associated with recurrence using log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazard regression.
RESULTS: One hundred and fifteen (M:F 60:55) patients were included. Median age at presentation was 13 years and median follow-up was 27 months. Seventy-five patients underwent surgical curettage and 27% of these required further intervention for recurrence. Of the 30 patients who underwent biopsy with limited percutaneous curettage as initial procedure, 47% required no further treatment. Patients under 13 years (log-rank p = 0.006, HR 2.3, p = 0.011) and those treated who had limited curettage (log-rank p = 0.001, HR 2.7, p = 0.002) had a higher risk of recurrence/persistence.
CONCLUSIONS: There is a high risk of recurrence following surgical treatment for aneurysmal bone cysts and this risk is higher in young patients. However, the cyst heals in a substantial number of patients who have a limited curettage at the time of biopsy.
The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the composition of the dominant groups of vaginal microorganisms in healthy pregnant women and pregnant women infected with HPV using a microbiological culture-based method. The MALDI TOF MS method and 16S rRNA gene fragment sequencing were used to identify microorganisms isolated from healthy pregnant women (n=32) and pregnant women infected with HPV (n=24). It was found that vaginal secretion samples from both groups contained bacteria of 4 phyla: Bacillota, Actinomycetota, Pseudomonadota, Bacteroidota, and Ascomycota fungi. The most common microbial community in healthy pregnant women being CST I (p=0.0007), and CST V in pregnant women infected with HPV (p=0.0001). At the genus level, a total of 25 taxa were found in all samples, with Lactobacillus being the dominant genus overall. Escherichia (p<0.0001) and Prevotella (p=0.0001) concentrations were higher in HPV infected patients. When calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient for the phyla, it was found that Bacillota correlated negatively with HPV genotypes 16 and 51 (p≤0.05), but positively with HPV genotype 59 (p≤0.05), just like Actinomycetota (p≤0.05). Bacteroidota correlated positively with HPV genotype 56 (0.001<p<0.01), and Ascomycota correlated positively with HPV genotypes 39 and 51 (p≤0.05; 0.001<p<0.01). Pearson correlation coefficients between bacteria genera and HPV genotypes were statistically significant for the following genera: Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Gardnerella, Escherichia, Prevotella. The data obtained in our study indicates that the culture-based method is informative when assessing the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota.
PCT No. PCT/JP80/00158 Sec. 371 Date Mar. 13, 1981 Sec. 102(e) Date Mar. 13, 1981 PCT Filed Jul. 8, 1980 PCT Pub. No. WO81/00208 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 5, 1981.An agent for curing peripheral circulation insufficiency comprising  alpha 1-acid glycoprotein. A blood flow in peripheral blood vessels cause a trouble by hardening of the blood vessels, lowering of blood pressure or acceleration of a fibrinolysinemia function to bring about peripheral circulation insufficiency. But  alpha 1-acid glycoprotein has a function that it prevents coagulation and agglutination of the solid component in the blood and, particularly, it accelerates passability of the red blood corpuscles in the vital peripheral circulation system to alleviate or remove the peripheral circulation insufficiency.  alpha 1-acid glycoprotein has very low toxicity and is preferred to be administered into an artery or a vein in a form of preparation for injection, etc.
BACKGROUND: Considering the persistent nature and higher prevalence of insomnia in cancer patients and survivors compared with the general population, there is a need for effective management strategies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the available evidence for the efficacy of pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions for insomnia in adult cancer patients and survivors.
METHODS: Following the PRISMA guidelines, we analyzed data from 61 randomized controlled trials involving 6528 participants. Interventions included pharmacological, physical, and psychological treatments, with a focus on insomnia severity and secondary sleep and non-sleep outcomes. Frequentist and Bayesian analytical strategies were employed for data synthesis and interpretation.
RESULTS: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) emerged as the most efficacious intervention for reducing insomnia severity in cancer survivors and further demonstrated significant improvements in fatigue, depressive symptoms, and anxiety. CBT-I showed a large postintervention effect (g = 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.57 to 1.15) and a medium effect at follow-up (g = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.18 to 0.92). Other interventions such as bright white light therapy, sleep medication, melatonin, exercise, mind-body therapies, and mindfulness-based therapies showed benefits, but the evidence for their efficacy was less convincing compared with CBT-I. Brief Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia showed promise as a less burdensome alternative for patients in active cancer treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: CBT-I is supported as a first-line treatment for insomnia in cancer survivors, with significant benefits observed across sleep and non-sleep outcomes. The findings also highlight the potential of less intensive alternatives. The research contributes valuable insights for clinical practice and underscores the need for further exploration into the complexities of sleep disturbances in cancer patients and survivors.
The correlation between formaldehyde (FA) exposure and prevalence of asthma has been widely reported. However, the underlying mechanism is still not fully understood. FA exposure at 2.0 mg/m3 was found to exacerbate asthma in OVA-induced murine models. IFN-γ, the cytokine produced by T helper 1 (Th1) cells, was significantly induced by FA in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of asthmatic mice, which was different from cytokines secreted by other Th cells. The observation was also confirmed by mRNA levels of Th marker genes in CD4+ T cells isolated from BALF. In addition, increased production of IFN-γ and expression of T-bet in Jurkat T cells primed with phorbol ester and phytohaemagglutinin were also observed with 100 μM FA treatment in vitro. Upregulated STAT1 phosphorylation, T-bet expression and IFN-γ production induced by FA was found to be restrained by STAT1 inhibitor fludarabine, indicating that FA promoted Th1 commitment through the autocrine IFN-γ/STAT1/T-bet pathway in asthma. This work not only revealed that FA could bias Th lineage commitment to exacerbate allergic asthma, but also identified the signaling mechanism of FA-induced Th1 differentiation, which may be utilized as the target for development of interfering strategies against FA-induced immune disorders.
Absorption: For the treatment of erectile dysfunction, alprostadil is administered by injection into the corpora cavernosa. The absolute bioavailability of alprostadil has not been determined.

Distribution: Following intracavernosal injection of 20 mcg alprostadil, mean peripheral plasma concentrations of alprostadil at 30 and 60 minutes after injection (89 and 102 picograms/mL, respectively) were not significantly greater than baseline levels of endogenous alprostadil (96 picograms/mL). Plasma levels of alprostadil were measured using a radioimmunoassay method. Alprostadil is bound in plasma primarily to albumin (81% bound) and to a lesser extent α-globulin IV-4 fraction (55% bound). No significant binding to erythrocytes or white blood cells was observed.

Metabolism: Alprostadil is converted to compounds, which are further metabolized prior to excretion. Following intravenous administration, approximately 80% of circulating alprostadil is metabolized in one pass through the lungs, primarily by beta- and omega-oxidation. Following intracavernosal injection of 20 mcg alprostadil, peripheral levels of the major circulating metabolite, 13, 14-dihydro-15-oxo-PGE1, increased to reach a peak 30 minutes after injection and returned to pre-dose levels by 60 minutes after injection.

Excretion: The metabolites of alprostadil are excreted primarily by the kidney, with almost 90% of an administered intravenous dose excreted in urine within 24 hours post-dose. The remainder of the dose is excreted in the feces. There is no evidence of tissue retention of alprostadil or its metabolites following intravenous administration.

Pharmacokinetics in Specific Populations

Geriatric: The potential effect of age on the pharmacokinetics of alprostadil has not been formally evaluated.

Race: The potential effect of race on the pharmacokinetics of alprostadil has not been formally evaluated.

Renal and Hepatic Insufficiency: The pharmacokinetics of alprostadil have not been formally studied in patients with renal or hepatic insufficiency.
Each participant will have one breast exposed to TXA in the breast pocket and the other to saline only prior to closure. During surgery and prior to wound closure, the wound surface will be moistened on one side with 20 cc of dilute TXA 25mg/ml solution, and the contralateral with 20cc of saline.
Patients will receive IMC-A12 at a dose of 20 mg/kg intravenously once every three weeks. The most common tumors of the thymus are thymomas (well differentiated neoplasms and moderately differentiated neoplasms) and thymic (poorly differentiated neoplasms) carcinomas.