anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Eyes with peripapillary nerve fibre elevation (pNFE) may have a gap between the optic nerve papillary margin on colour fundus photography and Bruch's membrane opening on cross-sectional optical coherence tomography (OCT). This study was conducted to evaluate the quantification of the height of pNFE in young healthy eyes and examine the relationship between pNFE height and axial length.
METHODS: A prospective, observational, cross-sectional study was performed involving 117 right eyes. All participants (mean age 25.8 years) underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic examination involving axial length, fundus photography, and peripapillary and optic disc OCT. pNFE height was defined as the distance between the retinal surface plane and the upper edge of the pNFE in optic disc cross-sectional OCT images. Optic disc tilt was evaluated using a sine curve on retinal nerve fibre layer B-scan images. Parapapillary atrophy (PPA) area in colour fundus images was calculated using ImageJ and corrected using Bennett's formula. We evaluated relationships between pNFE height, axial length, optic disc papillary tilt, and PPA area using Spearman's correlation analysis.
RESULTS: Sixty-five eyes had pNFE, with a mean pNFE height of 84.7 μm. pNFE height was significantly positively correlated with axial length (r = 0.32, p < 0.001), optic disc tilt (r = 0.25, p = 0.008), and PPA area (r = 0.27, p = 0.004).
CONCLUSIONS: pNFE is not rare in young healthy eyes. Eyes with higher pNFE had a longer axial length and larger optic disc tilt and PPA area.
BACKGROUND: The alcohol-induced facial flushing phenotype (flushing) is common among East Asians. Despite a small intake of alcohol, they experience heightened levels of acetaldehyde, a group-1 carcinogen, which, in turn, causes unpleasant symptoms such as redness, acting as a robust protective mechanism against consuming alcohol. However, some individuals with this genetic trait exhibit weakened alcohol restraint, which increases the risk of developing alcohol-related cancers, such as esophageal and head or neck cancer, by several times. Although this flushing phenomenon is crucial for public health, there is a paucity of studies that have comprehensively investigated the effect of flushing or its genotype on alcohol consumption in a large group of East Asians while controlling for various sociodemographic and health-related variables at a country level.
OBJECTIVE: This 2-year cross-sectional study aims to explore the effect of flushing on drinking behavior in Koreans and to examine whether the effect varies across sociodemographic and health-related factors.
METHODS: We used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) for 2019 and 2020 conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. Our sample comprised 10,660 Korean adults. The study investigated the association of 26 variables, including flushing, with drinking frequency and amount. The effect of flushing was examined with and without adjusting for the other 25 variables using multinomial logistic regression analysis. In addition, we tested the interaction effect with flushing and conducted a simple effect analysis. We used complex sample design elements, including strata, clusters, and weights, to obtain unbiased results for the Rao-Scott χ2 test, 2-tailed t test, and multinomial logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS: The suppressive effect of flushing was significant (P<.001) across all pronounced categories of alcohol consumption in 2019. The ranges of standardized regression slopes and odds ratios (ORs) were -6.70≥β≥-11.25 and 0.78≥OR≥0.50 for frequency and -5.37≥β≥-17.64 and 0.73≥OR≥0.36 for amount, respectively. The effect became somewhat stronger when adjusted for confounders. The effect also exhibited an overall stronger trend as the severity of alcohol consumption increased. The β values and ORs were consistently smaller in 2020 compared to the previous year. A simple effect analysis revealed a diminished alcohol-suppressive effect of flushing on alcohol consumption for specific groups (eg, those with low levels of education, limited family support, physical labor, or health-related issues).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that flushing suppresses drinking in Koreans overall but has little or no effect in certain susceptible populations. Therefore, health authorities should conduct targeted epidemiological studies to assess drinking patterns and disease profiles, particularly regarding alcohol-related cancers, and establish effective preventive measures tailored to this population.
PURPOSE:To provide an agent for preventing falling-off of hair containing a KAKKETSU- KYOO-YAKU (blood-refreshing and waste-removing drug) to prevent the stagnation of blood flow, a HOEKI-YAKU (invigoration drug) for the digestive and tonic purpose, a KAIHYO- KYOFU-YAKU (antipyretic drug) to dissipate the heat of blood and a SEINETSU-GEDOKU- YAKU (antipyretic and detoxication drug) to suppress the itchiness and prevent the dandruff. CONSTITUTION:The objective agent for preventing falling-off of hair contains a KAKKETSU- KYOO-YAKU to prevent the stagnation of blood flow [e.g. SENKYU (rhizome of Cnidium officinale) and TANJIN (bark of Schinopsis lorentzii)], a HOEKI-YAKU for improving the digestive function by replenishing the deficient blood and vigor [e.g. TOKI (root of Angelica acutiloba) and KOTSUSAIHO], a KAIHYO-KYOFU-YAKU to dissipate the heat of blood and cure the cold [e.g. SHISHIUDO, BOFU (root of Ledebouriella seseloides) and TENMA (rhizome of Gastrodia elata)] and a SEINETSU-GEDOKU-YAKU to dry the skin, suppress the itchiness and prevent the dandruff [e.g. HAKUSENPI and SANSHO (peel of Zanthoxylum piperitum)]. The agent prevents the falling off of hair by strengthening the spleen and stomach, warming a path, eliminating the stagnation of blood in the dehairing part of the scalp and preventing the formation of dandruff. The agent may be used in the form of a tincture containing the active components extracted from the above components with a (hydrated) organic solvent (e.g. medicinal alcohol).
Essential Tremor (ET) is the most common movement disorder in adults, affecting approximately 5% of individuals over the age of 65. Of this 5%, roughly 20% of these patients suffer from Essential Voice Tremor (EVT): the phonatory manifestation of ET. Patients with EVT lose their ability to speak due to a tremor in the muscles of the larynx, pharynx, palate, and tongue. Because of this, an individual's quality of life is limited because they can no longer communicate effectively.

The purpose of this study is to quantify to what degree Deep Brain Stimulation improves Essential Voice Tremor. In addition to this, we hope to examine which brain hemisphere is responsible for these positive results: right, left, or both, in a prospective, randomized, double-blinded manner. By finding out more about the subcortical control underpinning speech, we will be able to improve our treatments and understanding of EVT and other neurological speech disorders.
The TOPS program has 10 sessions that provide training in stress management, problem solving, communication, and social skills to all enrolled families, while the remaining 6 sessions address content related to the stressors and burdens of individual families. Each self-guided online session includes real adolescents talking about how TBI affected them, content regarding the skill, video clips showing adolescents and/or families modeling the skill, and exercises giving the family an opportunity to practice the skill. After the completion of the self-guided web pages, the family will meet with the therapist via videoconference; the therapist will review the exercises and help the family implement the problem-solving process with a problem or goal identified by the family.
In this study, the disease activity of children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) will be assessed non-invasively by multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT). IBDs play an important role in pediatric and adolescent medicine. The most common entities in the IBS group are Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Patients with CD develop chronic intermittent transmural inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Symptoms include diarrhea, hematochezia, abdominal pain, and malnutrition. Complications of the disease include fistula formation, perforations, and bleeding.The basis for many clinical decisions is the detection of disease activity.There are limitations to previous imaging methods for routine monitoring that are particularly relevant in pediatric and adolescent medicine.The use of contrast media, sedation, and invasive procedures are a burden for pediatric patients\*.Multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) offers a radiation-free and noninvasive alternative for detecting disease activity. Quantitative assessment of hemoglobin signal in the bowel wall of patients with CD could previously be correlated with endoscopically detected disease activity. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether MSOT also allows monitoring of chronic inflammatory diseases in children. For this purpose, children in different stages of disease who regularly receive intravenous therapeutic administrations of biologics (e.g. infliximab) in our hospital will be examined. The investigators think that by means of MSOT different stages and courses of the diseases could be measured non-invasively and thus invasive measures in children could be reduced.
Provided are methods, compositions, recombinant DNA molecules, and kits for cloning T cell receptors (TCRs). The methods facilitate construction of TCR expression libraries from biological samples containing antigen-specific T cells, including but not limited to tumor biopsies, including frozen tumor biopsies. Peripheral T cells that were engineered with library-derived TCR genes show potent therapeutic anti-tumor effects. The method can be performed using any sample that contains T cells, and can be performed with oligoclonal populations of T cells, such as T cells that have infiltrated a tumor. Primer combinations for first strand cDNA synthesis, second strand cDNA synthesis, and for cloning a plurality of distinct TCR β and TCR α chains into a plurality of vectors are provided. Cells containing the vectors are provided, as are kits for use in rapid cloning of the TCR β and TCR α chains.
BACKGROUND: There is no optimal reconstruction technique after proximal gastrectomy. The esophagogastrostomy (EG) is a rather simple procedure technically, but the incidences of reflux esophagitis and anastomotic stricture are higher. While the double-tract reconstruction (DTR) can lessen postoperative reflux esophagitis, it is technically complex with a long operation time. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) and short-term outcomes of the two reconstruction techniques.
METHODS: We retrospectively collected consecutive patients with upper-third gastric adenocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) at our center between 2019 June and 2023 May. Patients who underwent laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy (LPG) with EG or DTR were included in this study. A comparison was made between the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients and their surgical parameters, postoperative complications, and its 1-year QoL in two groups. The QoL of the two groups was assessed by Visick grading, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-STO22 scales at 1 year after operation. The nutritional status of the two groups was evaluated by BMI, hemoglobin and serum albumin.
RESULTS: AII the qualified patients were divided EG group (n = 63) and DTR group (n = 93). Compared to the DTR group, the blood loss volume of EG group was more (p = 0.001). There were no significant differences in operation duration, number of lymph nodes dissected, and postoperative length of stay between the two groups(p > 0.05). No statistical differences were observed in terms of the incidence of early complications and Clavien-Dindo classification as well(p > 0.05). After one year, the Visick grade of the DTR group was better than EG group (p = 0.040). The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed the only independent risk factor for reflux esophagitis was the reconstruction method. According to the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire, patients in the DTR group had a better global health status(p = 0.001) and complained less about nausea and vomiting(p = 0.033), and appetite loss (p = 0.022). Patients in the DTR group complained less about reflux (p = 0.030) based on the EORTC QLQ-STO22 questionnaire. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the reconstruction method, reflux esophagitis and age had a linear relationship with the global health status score. Regarding nutritional status, BMI of the two groups both decreased 1 year after operation, and BMI decline value of the DTR group was lower than EG group (p = 0.001). There is no statistically significant difference between the two groups as for postoperative change in hemoglobin and serum albumin.
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that it is possible for skilled surgeons to achieve minimal blood loss volume without significantly increasing operation duration when performing DRT, which does not raise risk. In terms of anti-reflux, postoperative QoL and BMI maintenance, 1-year postoperative follow-up outcomes reveal the DTR is superior to EG, which deserve further research and promotion.
This group will receive a version of the MyBestGI App and User Manual that encourages meeting 11 food group goals: four food groups to limit and seven food groups to encourage. The 7 groups to encourage are: 3-4 cups/day fruits and vegetables, at least one dark orange or dark green vegetable daily, daily allium and culinary herbs, 3-6 oz./day whole grains, 6-8 oz./week foods high in omega-3 fatty acids, 8-10 tsp./day olive oil or the equivalent from other foods high in monounsaturated fats and at least ½ cup/day of legumes or 1 TB/day nut butter. Some of the goals are personalized based on calculated energy needs. They will also receive the results of their own breath test, Veggie Meter score and anthropometric measures.
OBJECTIVE: Atraumatic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is uncommon in children and necessitates a multi-disciplinary evaluation for an etiology. Underlying osseous abnormality due to extensive or multifocal low flow vascular anomaly should be considered as a potential cause of spontaneous CSF leak. Treatment of multifocal low flow vascular anomalies may include medical and surgical approaches. In this series, we seek to determine the presenting signs and symptoms and medical and surgical treatment options for multifocal or extensive low flow vascular anomalies.
METHODS: A retrospective case series at a quaternary care children's hospital was compiled. All children with CSF rhinorrhea diagnosed and treated for multifocal low flow vascular anomalies at our institution were included. A total of four patients were identified.
RESULTS: All four patients had delay in initial diagnosis of underlying cause of meningitis and CSF rhinorrhea. Average age at diagnosis of multifocal low flow vascular anomaly was 7 years. This was on average 4 years after initial presentation for medical attention. Treatment approach was multidisciplinary and included medical management with sirolimus and bisphosphonates as well as surgical approaches to the skull base (lateral and anterior) to prevent CSF egress.
CONCLUSION: Consideration of multifocal low flow vascular anomaly should be included in any pediatric patient presenting with CSF rhinorrhea.
The rates of PONV will be evaluated over the first 24 hours after surgery, opioid consumption in units of morphine equivalence, and any adverse side effects will be recorded. Subjects who are included in the research will be randomly assigned to one of two groups - one group is the control group, receiving no TEAS, and the other group receiving TEAS. An anesthesiologist trained in acupuncture will utilize the Excel Pointer to locate the specific acupoints previously identified as associated with prevention PONV. Anesthesiologist will place electrocardiogram (ECG) pads at the identified acupoints prior to surgery. Subjects will be connected to the ES-130 (electro-therapy) device upon entering the operating room. Prior to the surgical closure, the unblinded researcher will initiate delivery of TEAS, or not, according to study protocol based on the randomization group of the participant. The anesthesiologist will not know the group assignment. At the end of surgery, the subject will be disconnected from the ES-130 and the ECG pads will be carefully removed. Researchers will follow up with the subject in recovery regarding any occurrence and severity of PONV, adverse events, and verbal pain scores, until 24 hours after end of surgery.
This single-arm clinical trial will examine the effects of 4-month period CPAP therapy in individuals living with SCI. The CPAP will be adjusted according to the results of the auto-titrating CPAP testing for each participant.
Stroke remains the 3rd leading cause of long-term disability globally. Over the past decade, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation has been proven as an effective therapy for ischemic stroke. However, the mechanism of MSC-derived exosomal lncRNAs during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) remains ambiguous. The oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model were generated. MSCs were isolated and characterized by flow cytometry and histochemical staining, and MSC exosomes were purified and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry and Western blot. Western blot, RT-qPCR and ELISA assay were employed to examine the expression or secretion of key molecules. CCK-8 and TUNEL assays were used to assess cell viability and apoptosis. RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down were used to investigate the direct association between krüppel-like factor 3 antisense RNA 1 (KLF3-AS1) and musashi-1(MSI1). Yin Yang 1 (YY1)-mediated transcriptional regulation was assessed by chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays. The histological changes and immunoreactivity of key molecules in brain tissues were examined by H&E and immunohistochemistry. MSCs were successfully isolated and exhibited directionally differential potentials. MSC exosomal KLF3-AS1 alleviated OGD/R-induced inflammation in SK-N-SH and SH-SY5Y cells via modulating Sphk1. Mechanistical studies showed that MSI1 positively regulated KLF3-AS1 expression through its direct binding to KLF3-AS1. YY1 was identified as a transcription activator of MSI1 in MSCs. Functionally, YY1/MSI1 axis regulated the release of MSC exosomal KLF3-AS1 to modulate sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1)/NF-κB pathway, thereby ameliorating OGD/R- or cerebral I/R-induced injury. MSCs promote the release of exosomal KLF3-AS1 to regulate Sphk1 through YY1/MSI axis and improve cerebral I/R injury.
Megacolon is a rare clinical condition consisting of an abnormally dilated colon in the absence of mechanical obstruction. Megacolon can complicate pregnancy in terms of maternal morbidity and mortality (volvulus, ileus, systemic toxicity, bowel perforation, sepsis) and obstetrical outcomes (preterm birth, premature rupture of membranes, dystocia). Pregnancy, on the other hand, can exacerbate chronic constipation through hormonal and mechanical mechanisms. A case of megacolon, first detected during pregnancy in an otherwise healthy nulliparous woman, is reported. The diagnosis was suspected on observation of a pelvic mass of unknown aetiology (mean diameter > 10 cm) constricting and dislocating the gravid uterus contralaterally during a routine mid-trimester fetal ultrasound. The diagnostic work-up and management are discussed. Chronic constipation in women of reproductive age should receive greater clinical attention during pre- and periconception care. A multi-disciplinary approach, timely diagnosis and delivery planning are fundamental to ensure favourable outcomes for both the mother and fetus when dealing with megacolon during pregnancy.
The present invention aims to propose a process for producing a pharmaceutical preparation that is obtained by encapsulating a uniform, poorly water-soluble drug in a block copolymer, that dissolves immediately with the addition of water, and that does not contain residues of organic solvents. Provided is a process for producing a drug-block-copolymer composite, characterized by spraying and drying a mixed solution prepared by: mixing, in at least one type of non-aqueous solvent, a poorly water-soluble drug and a block copolymer formed by binding a hydrophilic segment and a hydrophobic segment; and warming the mixture as necessary. The spraying and drying process is carried out at a temperature below the melting point of the block copolymer. For example, the spraying and drying process can be carried out below 40 DEG C or 20 DEG C. The mixture can be heated to above 25 DEG C or 35 DEG C. The poorly water-soluble drug and the block copolymer weights around 10 percentages of the mixture excluding the non-aqueous solvent. The hydrophilic segment is polyethylene glycol or its derivatives. The hydrophobic segment is aspartic acid derivative or poly glutamic acid derivative. The non-aqueous solvent has a boiling point below 85 DEG C.
RT to 19.5-20Gy is given after 3 cycles of rituximab containing chemotherapy. RT is administered daily, 5 days per week in 1.5-2Gy fractions (treatments).
When restarting clozapine tablets in patients who have had even a brief interruption in treatment with clozapine tablets dosage must be reduced. This is necessary to minimize the risk of hypotension, bradycardia, and syncope [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] . If one day’s dosing has been missed, resume treatment at 40% to 50% of the established dose. If two days dosing have been missed, resume dose at approximately 25% of the established dosage. For longer interruptions, re-initiate at a dosage of 12.5 mg once daily or twice daily. If these dosages are well-tolerated, the dosage may be increased to the previous dosage more quickly than recommended for initial treatment.
PURPOSE: To report a case of inadvertent cystic filtering bleb in a patient with scleral fixated intraocular lens (SFIOL) implantation 7 years after initial procedure.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 14-year-old boy underwent lensectomy, vitrectomy and a sutured rigid SFIOL for microspherophakia in the right eye. Seven years later, the patient presented with hypotony related ocular changes. Examination revealed an inadvertent cystic filtering bleb at the scleral section. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) revealed gap in inner lips of the scleral wound, bridged by a thin strip of scleral tissue. A conservative management with bandage contact lens (BCL) failed after an initial improvement. Injection of trypan blue dye in the anterior chamber confirmed the presence and site of wound filtration. Surgical closure of the fistula was done and patient showed both structural and visual improvement.
CONCLUSION: Meticulous wound construction and water tight closure at the end of the surgery can avoid such complications. ASOCT can be helpful in diagnosing the area of fistula. A conservative management with BCL can help by tamponading the filtering bleb. However, in unresponsive cases, surgical closure of the fistula is recommended to improve the hypotony-related changes.