anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the gut microbiota and inflammatory factor characteristics in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients with anorexia and to analyze the correlation between gut microbiota and inflammatory factors, anorexia, and HAMD scores.
METHODS: 46 MDD patients and 46 healthy controls (HC) were included in the study. The 46 MDD patients were divided into two groups according to whether they had anorexia:20 MDD without anorexia (MDA0 group) and 26 MDD with anorexia (MDA1 group). We used the Hamilton Depression Scale-24 (HAMD-24) to evaluate the depression status of all participants and 16 S ribosomal RNA (16 S rRNA)sequencing to evaluate the composition of the gut microbiota. Inflammatory factors in peripheral blood such as C-reactive protein (CRP) were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Spearman's correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between gut microbiota and inflammatory factors, HAMD scores, and anorexia.
RESULTS: 1). CRP was significantly higher in the MDA0, MDA1, than HC. 2). An analysis of α-diversity shows: the Simpson and Pielou indices of the HC group are higher than the MDA1 group (P < 0.05). 3). The β-diversity analysis shows differences in the composition of microbial communities between the MDA0, MDA1, and HC group. 4). A correlation analysis showed that Blautia positively correlated with anorexia, HAMD scores, and CRP level, whereas Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, Roseburia, and Parabacteroides negatively correlated with anorexia, HAMD scores, and CRP level. 5). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn using the differential bacterial genera between MDD patients with or without anorexia as biomarkers to identify whether MDD patients were accompanied with anorexia, and its area under curve (AUC) was 0.85. The ROC curve was drawn using the differential bacterial genera between MDD patients with anorexia and healthy controls as biomarkers to diagnose MDD patients with anorexia, with its AUC was 0.97.
CONCLUSION: This study suggested that MDD patients with anorexia had a distinct gut microbiota compared to healthy individuals, with higher level of CRP. Blautia was more abundant in MDD patients with anorexia and positively correlated with CRP, HAMD scores, and anorexia. The gut microbiota might have influenced MDD and anorexia through the inflammatory factor CRP.
Patients with a documented allergy to amoxicillin, ampicillin, or penicillin who are deemed low-risk for true penicillin allergy based on history will be offered enrollment in the study. Patients will be scheduled for an oral amoxicillin challenge in the primary care office at a later date. During this challenge, patients will be given 10% of a weight-based dose of amoxicillin and then observed for 30 minutes for signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction. If no reaction occurs, they will be given the remaining 90% of the weight-based dose and observed for an additional 30 minutes. Emergency medications such as diphenhydramine and epinephrine will be immediately available if needed. If the patient completes oral amoxicillin challenge without a clinically significant reaction, penicillin (and/or amoxicillin/ampicillin) allergy will be removed from the patient's chart.
BACKGROUND: The average treatment effect (ATE) reported by most randomised clinical trials provides estimates of treatment effects for the theoretical, non-existent average patient. However, ATE may not accurately reflect the outcomes for all subsets of the trial population; some individuals may benefit from the intervention, while others experience worse outcomes or no effect at all. Heterogeneity of treatment effect (HTE) is the non-random and explainable variation in the magnitude or direction of a treatment effect among individuals within a population. Predictive approaches to HTE seek to provide estimates of which treatment of choice is better suited for the individual patient, using regression and/or machine learning techniques. This scoping review aims to investigate the extent to which such predictive approaches to HTE are applied to data from trials on sepsis or septic shock as well as the results of these analyses.
METHODS: The planned review will be conducted in accordance with the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews. We will search Medline, EMBASE, Central, Cinahl and Google Scholar for studies on sepsis or septic shock in which HTE was analysed using predictive approaches. We plan to chart data regarding trial characteristics, patient demographics, disease severity, interventions, outcomes of interest and ATEs, type of predictive approach for the HTE analysis, results from HTE analysis and whether HTE analysis would change an ATE-based trial conclusion.
RESULTS: Studies included in the scoping review will be presented as narrative summaries, supplemented with descriptive statistics of quantitative data.
CONCLUSION: The planned scoping review will systematically investigate, summarise and delineate the existing evidence of analysis of HTE in trials on sepsis or septic shock patients as well as their findings, when performed using predictive approaches.
Prepare the solution for infusion using aseptic technique. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Withdraw the necessary volume of DDAVP Injection from the vial and dilute by adding to the infusion bag of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP per Table 1. Dilute DDAVP Injection in sterile 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP and infuse slowly over 15 minutes to 30 minutes.

The volume of diluent is weight-based. See Table 1 for volume of diluent to use.

Monitor blood pressure and pulse during infusion.
Serious adverse reactions associated with the administration of intravenous Dipyridamole Injection have included cardiac death, fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction, ventricular fibrillation, symptomatic ventricular tachycardia, stroke, transient cerebral ischemia, seizures, anaphylactoid reaction and bronchospasm. There have been reported cases of asystole, sinus node arrest, sinus node depression and conduction block. Patients with abnormalities of cardiac impulse formation/conduction or severe coronary artery disease may be at increased risk for these events.

In a study of 3911 patients given intravenous dipyridamole as an adjunct to thallium myocardial perfusion imaging, two types of serious adverse events were reported: 1) four cases of myocardial infarction (0.1%), two fatal (0.05%) and two non-fatal (0.05%) and 2) six cases of severe bronchospasm (0.2%). Although the incidence of these serious adverse events was small (0.3%, 10 of 3911), the potential clinical information to be gained through use of intravenous dipyridamole thallium imaging (see INDICATIONS AND USAGE noting the rate of false positive and false negative results) must be weighed against the risk to the patient. Patients with a history of unstable angina may be at a greater risk for severe myocardial ischemia. Patients with a history of asthma may be at a greater risk for bronchospasm during Dipyridamole Injection use. 

When thallium myocardial perfusion imaging is performed with intravenous dipyridamole, parenteral aminophylline should be readily available for relieving adverse events such as bronchospasm or chest pain. Vital signs should be monitored during, and for 10-15 minutes following, the intravenous infusion of dipyridamole and an electrocardiographic tracing should be obtained using at least one chest lead. Should severe chest pain or bronchospasm occur, parenteral aminophylline may be administered by slow intravenous injection (50-100 mg over 30-60 seconds) in doses ranging from 50 to 250 mg. In the case of severe hypotension, the patient should be placed in a supine position with the head tilted down if necessary, before administration of parenteral aminophylline. If 250 mg of aminophylline does not relieve chest pain symptoms within a few minutes, sublingual nitroglycerin may be administered. If chest pain continues despite use of aminophylline and nitroglycerin, the possibility of myocardial infarction should be considered. If the clinical condition of a patient with an adverse event permits a one-minute delay in the administration of parenteral aminophylline, thallium-201 may be injected and allowed to circulate for one minute before the injection of aminophylline. This will allow initial thallium perfusion imaging to be performed before reversal of the pharmacologic effects of dipyridamole on the coronary circulation.
A cloud-based application generates food product recommendations in support of medical nutritional therapy. The recommendations are calculated based on at least one patient-specific nutritional prescription and extended ingredient data that identifies food product ingredients or nutritional calculations that do not appear on packaging labels. The patient-specific nutritional prescription is calculated based on a patient profile and at least one nutritional prescription template. The recommendations may be used to perform a pantry makeover in which harmful food products are removed from household food storage and beneficial food products are added to household food storage. Recommendations may be calculated in real-time for food products that are identified during food shopping. Less harmful alternative food products are identified and suggested.
Patients ascribed to the Usual Care group will receive the standard of care for the management of patients admitted with moderate to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome due to SARS-CoV2. Usual Care means the clinical protocol approved by the enrolling center.
Aclinical and immunological examination of men with occupational pathology, including vibration disease (VD), occupational sensorineural hearing loss (SHL), and chronic mercury intoxication (CMI), was carried out. The comparison group consisted of men comparable in age and total work experience. Serum concentrations of neurotrophins (S100β, MBP, BDNF) and antibodies (ABs) to S100β and MBP proteins were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. An increase in the level of the S100β protein was shown in CMI, VD, and a tendency for its increase was found in SHL. In parallel, an increase in AB to the S100β protein in VD and SHL and a decrease in AB in CMI were noted. A comparative assessment of MBP levels indicated a pronounced increase in its serum concentrations in patients with CMI and VD versus the comparison group. At the same time, an increase in the level of serum ABs to MBP in individuals with VD and SHL, and a decrease in patients with CMI were noted. In patients with CMI, a significant decrease in the BDNF concentration was found, while in SHL and VD, no statistically significant differences were found in comparison with the comparison group. The results obtained confirm importance of assessing serum concentrations of neurotrophic proteins and ABs to them in the case of occupational damage to the nervous system caused by exposure to physical and chemical factors.
Spinal anesthesia will be performed using intrathecal bupivacaine. Then, fixed infusion phenylephrine will be administered at a dose of (0.75 mcg/Kg/min). the infusion will stop if reactive hypertension occurred.
OBJECTIVE: Transition into adulthood and adult medical care is an important step in the life of young people with epilepsy. We aimed to gain a better insight into the lived experience of the transition to adulthood and adult medical care in epilepsy in Sweden, to improve future transitional care.
METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study with digital focus-group meetings and interviews with young people with epilepsy (16-22 years, n = 37) prior to, or after the transfer to adult care, or their primary caregivers if they had intellectual disability. We used reflexive thematic analysis to analyse the experiences and expectations on the transition to adulthood and adult medical care.
RESULTS: The results of the thematic analysis included four key areas during transition to adulthood and adult care for young persons with epilepsy: (I) worries on coming changes and future, (II) transfers are not smooth and adult care is less integrated, (III) epilepsy is part of a bigger picture, and (IV) parental roles change. In those with intellectual disability, parents experienced a stressful process and had to increase their efforts to coordinate all care contacts in adult care. Here, epilepsy was often experienced as a minor part of a more complex disease picture, where neurodevelopmental issues were often the primary concern.
SIGNIFICANCE: Transition in epilepsy is often complex due to the large burden of co-occurring disease, specifically intellectual disability and neuropsychiatric diagnoses. Transfer to adult care is experienced as unplanned and participants experience uncertainty, indicating a need for an improved transition process. As effective interventions are known in other chronic diseases, future studies should focus on the evaluation of how these approaches can be feasible and effective in young people with epilepsy.
Propofol with saline is administered using a closed-loop algorithm which permits to reach a Bispectral Index target of 50. The blinded syringe contains 45 ml of propofol and 5 ml of saline.
The present invention relates to a drug carrier in which polydopamine-coated microspheres are loaded with a drug. The drug carrier according to the present invention, by coating polydopamine on porous microspheres having a size of 1-10 m, preferably of 2-3 m, which are easily absorbed by phagocytes (in particular, macrophages) and by loading a drug on the surface of or inside the pores by a covalent bond, has the following advantages. 1) The loading efficiency of a drug to be loaded on the surface of particles is significantly improved. 2) As the drug is loaded on polydopamine by a covalent bond, the drug is not released until it reaches a target in a living body where salts are present. 3) As the drug is loaded on polydopamine by a covalent bond, in a case of loading two or more drugs, the drugs can be loaded in proportion to its introduction ratio regardless of reactivity of an individual drug. 4) The drug carrier has a size of 2-3 m, is readily absorbed by phagocytes (in particular, macrophages), and thus has excellent efficiency of targeting phagocytes.
Participants in this group will be received orofacial manual therapy as treatment. The number of participants is planned to be 23.
Processing of the .beta.-amyloid precursor .beta.APP by .beta.- and .gamma.-secetases generates the amyloidogenic peptide A.beta., which has been implicated as a major factor in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease. The recent identification of BACE as a candidate .beta.-secretase prompted us to investigate the zymogen processing of proBACE and its molecular and cellular trafficking. Our data suggest that furin is the major proprotein convertase responsible for the conversion of proBACE into BACE  within the traps Golgi network. While removal of the 24 as prosegment is required in order for BACE to achieve its maximal catalytic activity in vitro, we provide evidence that proBACE can produce significant quantities of the Swedish mutant .beta.APP sw .beta.-secretase product C99. BACE is palmitoylated at three Cys residues within its transmembrane/cytosolic tail and is sulfated at mature N-glycosylated moieties. Overexpression of full-length BALE in HK293 cells causes a significant increase in the production of C99 and a decrease in the production of the .alpha.-secretase product APPs.alpha.. Although there was little increase in the generation of A.beta.  by full-length BACE, overexpression of either a soluble form of BACE or a form lacking the prosegment lead to a significant increase in A.beta. levels, supporting the hypothesis that mislocalization of BACE can be a major factor in the amyloidogenic processing of .beta.APP.
Echocardiography

Safety and effectiveness have been established for use in pediatric patients with suboptimal echocardiograms to opacify the left ventricular chamber and to improve delineation of the left endocardial border. Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients are based on adequate and well-controlled studies in adults and are supported by a clinical study in 12 pediatric patients (mean age: 13.8 years) with extrapolation of efficacy to younger pediatric patients. No new adverse reactions were reported in the pediatric study [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) and Clinical Studies (14.1)]. Safety of intravenous use of Lumason was based on evaluation of published literature involving the use of Lumason in over 1400 pediatric patients (0 to 17 years).

Ultrasonography of the Liver

Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients has been established for use in ultrasonography of the liver for characterization of focal liver lesions from adequate and well controlled trials in adult patients and a clinical study of 44 pediatric patients [see Clinical Studies (14)]. Safety of intravenous use of Lumason was based on evaluation of published literature involving use of Lumason in over 1400 pediatric patients. Non-fatal anaphylaxis was reported in one pediatric patient.

Ultrasonography of the Urinary Tract

Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients has been established for use in ultrasonography of the urinary tract for the evaluation of suspected or known vesicoureteral reflux from two published studies comprising a total of 411 pediatric patients [see Clinical Studies (14)]. Safety of intravesical use of Lumason was based on evaluation of published literature involving use of Lumason in over 6000 pediatric patients. No adverse reactions were reported.
Done unilaterally with the patient in the prone position about 20 min before induction of general anesthesia. Skin is prepared by 10% povidone iodine. An ultrasound machine with a large bandwidth, multifrequency convex probe (1-8 MHz) will be used for block performance. A 22G, 50-mm, at the T4 level of the spine using an in-plane approach. Probe is placed 2-3 cm laterally to the spine using a sagittal approach. Once the erector spinae muscle and the transverse processes is identified, the needle will be inserted deep into the muscle. The needle will be directed from a cranial to a caudal direction. Following confirmation of the correct position of the needle tip with administration of 0.5-1 ml of local anesthetic, 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine will be administered for block performance. Distribution of local anesthetic will be observed in both cranial and caudal directions.
Compositions and methods for treating cancer in a subject are described herein. The composition includes modified nucleobases and nucleosides that are converted in the cell to nucleotides that are incorporated into growing DNA and result in termination of DNA elongation. The nucleobases and nucleotides are incorporated with a drug delivery system (DDS). The DDS includes β-cyclodextrin. The nucleobases and nucleotides are conjugated to the β-cyclodextrin by an acid labile linker that releases the nucleobases and nucleotides in the acidic environment of cancer cells. The DDS may also include a targeting ligand that targets the DDS/nucleobase or nucleotide conjugate to cancer cells. The DDS/nucleobase or nucleotide conjugate may self form into nanoparticles and may be administered to a subject with cancer in an amount effective to treat said cancer.
Disclosed in the present application, a process for utilizing raw tobacco-leaves in order to produce therefrom a nicotine-tablet. Tobacco-leaves soak in ethanol, and then undergo evaporation of moisture therefrom. This moisture is collected, and then separated into nicotine and ethanol respectively. Nicotine is combined next with 1-propanol alcohol to formulate a chemical-additive solution employed in tablet-production. This additive-solution then exposes to permeable tablet-stock under pressure, such that nicotine in additive-solution permeates structure thereof. A means for employing subject nicotine-tablet in beverage-production, wherein tablets infuse nicotine into a beverage in which same soak, is also disclosed lastly.
A wide variety of infections can trigger cytokine storm syndromes including those caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. The most frequent viral trigger is Epstein-.Barr virus which is covered in Chapter 16. CSS associated with COVID-19 is also discussed separately (Chapter 22). This chapter will focus on other viruses including the hemorrhagic fever viruses, influenza, parainfluenza, adenovirus, parvovirus, hepatitis viruses, measles, mumps, rubella, enterovirus, parechovirus, rotavirus, human metapneumovirus and human T-lymphotropic virus. The published literature consists of many single case reports and moderate-sized case series reporting CSS, in most circumstances meeting the 2004 diagnostic criteria for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). There is no published clinical trial evidence specifically for management of HLH associated with these viruses. In some situations, patients received supportive therapy and blood product transfusions only but in most cases, they were treated with one or more of intravenous corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin and/or etoposide. These were successful in many patients although in significant numbers progression of infection to CSS was associated with mortality.
Binucleated polyploid cells are common in many animal tissues, where they arise by endomitosis, a non-canonical cell cycle in which cells enter M phase but do not undergo cytokinesis. Different steps of cytokinesis have been shown to be inhibited during endomitosis M phase in rodents, but it is currently unknown how human cells undergo endomitosis. In this study, we use fetal-derived human hepatocyte organoids (Hep-Orgs) to investigate how human hepatocytes initiate and execute endomitosis. We find that cells in endomitosis M phase have normal mitotic timings, but lose membrane anchorage to the midbody during cytokinesis, which is associated with the loss of four cortical anchoring proteins, RacGAP1, Anillin, SEPT9, and citron kinase (CIT-K). Moreover, reduction of WNT activity increases the percentage of binucleated cells in Hep-Orgs, an effect that is dependent on the atypical E2F proteins, E2F7 and E2F8. Together, we have elucidated how hepatocytes undergo endomitosis in human Hep-Orgs, providing new insights into the mechanisms of endomitosis in mammals.
Many diabetic patients who have Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) have rapid improvements in their blood sugars within days of their surgery, even before they have lost much weight. It typically takes much longer for these improvements to occur after adjustable gastric banding (AGB), despite an equally low caloric intake. Changes in levels of hormones released by the small intestine as a consequence of the particular type of surgery may be an important factor in the rapid improvement of blood sugars. One of these hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), has an important effect on insulin secretion from the pancreas. This study seeks to determine whether changes in GLP-1 are responsible for the improvement in blood sugar after certain types of weight loss surgeries. In order to meet inclusion criteria, participants must have type 2 diabetes for less than 10 years and be approved by insurance to undergo RYGB or AGB at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania or Penn Presbyterian Medical Center. We will obtain several measurements of GLP-1 and other hormones that affect glucose levels during the three study visits: 1) Visit 1 (2-3 weeks before surgery); 2) Visit 2 (after 10% of body weight is lost); and 3) Visit 3 (5-10 days after Visit 2). To see if the improvement in blood sugar after surgery is due to changes in GLP-1, we will block its effect on insulin release by giving either salt water or a medication that blocks the activity of GLP-1 during the two visits that take place after surgery (Visits 2 and 3). Each visit will last for 4-6 hours and participants will be compensated for their time.