anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The research was conducted as a single-blind, randomized controlled, experimental study to determine the effect of ShotBlocker and local cold application on pain and patient satisfaction in subcutaneous heparin injection. The research was conducted with 208 patients hospitalized in the Cardiology and Internal Medicine clinics at Izmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital between April 2022 and April 2024. Patients were assigned to four groups: ShotBlocker (n=52), ShotBlocker placebo (n=52), local cold application (n=52) and control (n=52) groups using the randomization algorithm.

A ShotBlocker was placed on the arm of the patients in the ShotBlocker group during the injection, and the injection was performed from the part where the opening was located by lightly pressing with the fingertips throughout the injection. During the injection, the back side of the ShotBlocker was placed on the arm of the patients in the ShotBlocker placebo group and the injection was performed by gently pressing with the fingertips throughout the injection. Local cold application was applied to the arm of the patients in the local cold application group for five minutes using a cold pack, and then the injection was performed. Patients in the control group were injected with a routine subcutaneous injection procedure. In all groups, the injection took 30 seconds and was performed by researcher. At the first minute after the injection, the patients were evaluated about the pain they felt during the injection and their satisfaction with the injection by a different reseacher. Data were collected by face-to-face interview technique using an informed consent form, individual identification form, visual analog scale and visual patient satisfaction scale. Ethics committee permission, institutional permission and written permission from the patients were obtained for the implementation of the research. Number, percentage, median, mean, and standard deviation, Mann Whitney U test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Kruskal Wallis H test, Bonferroni and chi-square test were used in the analysis of the data.
BACKGROUND: Neutrophilic asthma is characterized by the predominant infiltration of neutrophils in airway inflammation.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the therapeutic potential of an antibody against the inducible T cell co-stimulator ligand (ICOSL) in a mouse model of neutrophilic asthma.
METHODS: Female BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to different groups. They were then injected with ovalbumin (OVA)/lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to induce neutrophilic asthma. The mice were then treated with either anti-ICOSL (the I group), control IgG (the G group), or no treatment (the N group). Additionally, a control group of mice received vehicle PBS and was labeled as the C group (n=6 per group). One day after the last allergen exposure, cytokine levels were measured in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) using ELISA. After analyzing and categorizing BALF cells, the lung tissues were examined histologically and immunohistochemically.
RESULTS: Administering anti-ICOSL resulted in a significant decrease in the total number of inflammatory infiltrates and neutrophils found in BALF. Moreover, it led to a decrease in the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-13, and IL-17 in both BALF and plasma. Additionally, there was an increase in IFN-γ levels in the BALF of asthmatic mice (p<0.05 for all). Treatment with anti-ICOSL also reduced lung interstitial inflammation, mucus secretion, and ICOSL expression in asthmatic mice.
CONCLUSION: The treatment of anti-ICOSL effectively improved lung interstitial inflammation and mucus secretion in mice with neutrophilic asthma by restoring the balance of Th1/Th2/Th17 responses. These findings indicate that blocking the ICOS/ICOSL signaling could be an effective way to manage neutrophilic asthma.
Study 247 was a randomized, double-blind trial (with open-label follow-up) conducted in HIV-infected patients with at least nine months of prior antiretroviral therapy and baseline CD 4 cell counts less than or equal to 100 cells per µL. Ritonavir 600 mg twice-daily or placebo was added to each patient's baseline antiretroviral therapy regimen, which could have consisted of up to two approved antiretroviral agents. The study accrued 1,090 patients, with mean baseline CD 4 cell count at study entry of 32 cells per μL. After the clinical benefit of ritonavir therapy was demonstrated, all patients were eligible to switch to open-label ritonavir for the duration of the follow-up period. Median duration of double-blind therapy with ritonavir and placebo was 6 months. The median duration of follow-up through the end of the open-label phase was 13.5 months for patients randomized to ritonavir and 14 months for patients randomized to placebo.   
The cumulative incidence of clinical disease progression or death during the double-blind phase of Study 247 was 26% for patients initially randomized to ritonavir compared to 42% for patients initially randomized to placebo. This difference in rates was statistically significant.   
Cumulative mortality through the end of the open-label follow-up phase for patients enrolled in Study 247 was 18% (99/543) for patients initially randomized to ritonavir compared to 26% (142/547) for patients initially randomized to placebo. This difference in rates was statistically significant. However, since the analysis at the end of the open-label phase includes patients in the placebo arm who were switched from placebo to ritonavir therapy, the survival benefit of ritonavir cannot be precisely estimated.   
During the double-blind phase of Study 247, CD 4 cell counts increases from baseline for patients randomized to ritonavir at Week 2 and Week 4 were observed. From Week 4 and through Week 24, mean CD 4 cell counts for patients randomized to ritonavir appeared to plateau. In contrast, there was no apparent change in mean CD4 cell counts for patients randomized to placebo at any visit between baseline and Week 24 of the double-blind phase of Study 247.
The invention discloses a medicament for treating hyperthyroidism and a preparation method thereof. The medicament for treating hyperthyroidism of the invention is mainly prepared from the following raw material in part by weight: 300 to 500 parts of common selfheal fruit-spike, 200 to 400 parts of figwort root, and 200 to 300 parts of airpotato yam rhizome. The raw materials also include 200 to 400 parts of rhizoma bolbostemmae and/or 500 to 700 parts of raw oyster. Preferably, the medicament is prepared from the following raw materials in part by weight: 400 parts of common selfheal fruit-spike, 300 parts of figwort root, 240 parts of airpotato yam rhizome, 300 parts of rhizoma bolbostemmae and 600 parts of raw oyster. The medicament can be formed into any pharmaceutical formulation. The formulation is capsules. The medicament of the invention has the functions of nourishing yin, suppressing yang, detoxifying, eliminating goiter, reducing phlegm and resolving masses. The medicament can treat hyperthyroidism and is agreeable with patients incapable of bearing western medicaments.
Cobicistat will serve as experimental drugs, and will be added to the regular treatment with osimertinib. Combination-treatment will be started at 150 milligram cobicistat, and can be increased to a maximum daily dose of 600 milligram cobicistat (four times 150 milligram).
Patients with pembrolizumab IV over 30 minutes on days 1 and 22 and decitabine IV over 1 hour on days 1-10 or 1-5. Patients who achieve a CR receive decitabine on days 1-5. Patients also receive venetoclax PO QD on days 1-14. Treatment repeats every 42 days for up to 8 cycles or 1 year from start of therapy, whichever comes first, in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
PCT No. PCT/NL91/00089 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 6, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 6, 1992 PCT Filed May 31, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO91/18984 PCT Pub. Date Dec. 12, 1991.New methods are provided for the identification and purification of proteins from plants with an inhibitory effect on pathogens and/or pests, such as insects, nematodes, fungi, and bacteria, using a combination of non-denaturing protein fractionation techniques on leaf-extracts of plants which were treated to develop induced resistance and an antipathogenic assay. Also provided are antifungal proteins obtained by the method, recombinant nucleotide sequences encoding the proteins, as well as plants with reduced susceptibility to fungi due to production and desired targeting of the proteins in the plant.
An infant formula supplemented with phospholipids. A composition for feeding infants is claimed. The composition includes an infant formula base and a phospholipid supplement. The supplement includes a product of an enzymatic reaction between a crude phospholipid source and phospholipase-D and includes phosphatidylserine or salts thereof as an effective ingredient. Phosphatidylserine from the phospholipid supplement represents between 0.1% and 19.99% (w/w) of a total phospholipid content of the composition. Preferably the phosphatidylserine has a structural fatty acid chain derived from the raw material lecithin. The composition is more similar to human milk with regard to phospholipid composition. Methods of production and articles of manufacture are also disclosed.
FIELD: medical industry. SUBSTANCE: retina of mammals eyes, for instance, of neat and horses is taken as raw material. Retina is separated out of eyes, ground and extracted by 3% acetic acid adding chloride zinc. In order to separate completely active substance for extraction not less than 10-15 volumes of acetic acid relative to retina quantity are taken because ground retina has inclination for swelling. Substrate is centrifuged, supersediment is decanted and 10-20 volumes of acetone are added. After forming the sediment it is dried and dissolved in distilled water, is extracted, filtrated and object product. Received substance influences stimulating upon retina, increases its illuminance sensitivity. EFFECT: increased specific biological activity for treatment of eye retina. 1 tbl
Small doses of local anesthetics injected into the head and neck area, including retrobulbar, dental and stellate ganglion blocks, may produce adverse reactions similar to systemic toxicity seen with unintentional intravascular injections of larger doses. Confusion, convulsions, respiratory depression and/or respiratory arrest and cardiovascular stimulation or depression have been reported. These reactions may be due to intra-arterial injections of the local anesthetic with retrograde flow to the cerebral circulation. Patients receiving these blocks should have their circulation and respiration monitored and be constantly observed. Resuscitative equipment and personnel for treating adverse reactions should be immediately available. Dosage recommendations should not be exceeded. (See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).

Information for Patients: When appropriate, patients should be informed in advance that they may experience temporary loss of sensation and motor activity, usually in the lower half of the body following proper administration of epidural anesthesia.

Clinically Significant Drug Interactions: The administration of local anesthetic solutions containing epinephrine or norepinephrine to patients receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors or tricyclic antidepressants may produce severe prolonged hypertension.

Phenothiazines and butyrophenones may reduce or reverse the pressor effect of epinephrine.

Concurrent use of these agents should generally be avoided. In situations when concurrent therapy is necessary, careful patient monitoring is essential.

Concurrent administration of vasopressor drugs (for the treatment of hypotension related to obstetric blocks) and ergot-type oxytoxic drugs may cause severe persistent hypertension or cerebrovascular accidents.
Severe leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemias including macrocytic anemia, and/or pancytopenia may occur in patients being treated with IMURAN. Severe bone marrow suppression may also occur. Hematologic toxicities are dose-related and may be more severe in renal transplant patients whose homograft is undergoing rejection. It is suggested that patients on IMURAN have complete blood counts, including platelet counts, weekly during the first month, twice monthly for the second and third months of treatment, then monthly or more frequently if dosage alterations or other therapy changes are necessary. Delayed hematologic suppression may occur. Prompt reduction in dosage or temporary withdrawal of the drug may be necessary if there is a rapid fall in or persistently low leukocyte count, or other evidence of bone marrow depression. Leukopenia does not correlate with therapeutic effect; therefore, the dose should not be increased intentionally to lower the white blood cell count.

###  TPMT or NUDT15 Deficiency

Patients with thiopurine S-methyl transferase (TPMT) or nucleotide diphosphatase (NUDT15) deficiency may be at an increased risk of severe and life-threatening myelotoxicity if receiving conventional doses of IMURAN (see CLINCIAL PHARMACOLOGY). Death associated with pancytopenia has been reported in patients with absent TPMT activity receiving azathioprine. In patients with severe myelosuppression, consider evaluation for TPMT and NUDT15 deficiency (see PRECAUTIONS: Laboratory Tests). Consider alternative therapy in patients with homozygous TPMT or NUDT15 deficiency and reduced dosages in patients with heterozygous deficiency (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).
The invention provides isolated nucleic acids molecules, designated PD-L2 nucleic acid molecules, which encode novel B7-related molecules which are ligands for PD-1. The invention also provides antisense nucleic acid molecules, recombinant expression vectors containing PD-L2 nucleic acid molecules, host cells into which the expression vectors have been introduced, and nonhuman transgenic animals in which a PD-L2 gene has been introduced or disrupted. The invention further provides isolated PD-L2 polypeptides, fusion proteins, antigenic peptides and anti-PD-L2 antibodies. The invention still further provides methods for promoting or inhibiting the interaction between PD-L2 and PD-1. The invention further provides methods of identifying compounds that upmodulate T cell activation in the presence of a PD-1-mediated signal. Diagnostic and treatment methods utilizing compositions of the invention are also provided.
This is a three-arm, open-label study to examine the effect of Goeckerman therapy. Goeckerman therapy is known for its high efficacy and favorable safety profile in the treatment of psoriasis. It consists of a combination of phototherapy and topical crude coal tar). This study will examine how Goeckerman therapy, crude coal tar alone, and phototherapy alone affect the mmunologic and genetic environment within psoriatic skin lesions. Fifteen subjects with moderate to severe psoriasis will be enrolled. Biopsy samples will be collected and undergo molecular profiling to further elucidate the mechanism of action by which Goeckerman treatment improves psoriatic skin lesions.
Our aim was to develop a machine learning-based predictor for early mortality and severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in very-low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants in Taiwan. We collected retrospective data from VLBW infants, dividing them into two cohorts: one for model development and internal validation (Cohort 1, 2016-2021), and another for external validation (Cohort 2, 2022). Primary outcomes included early mortality, severe IVH, and early poor outcomes (a combination of both). Data preprocessing involved 23 variables, with the top four predictors identified as gestational age, birth body weight, 5-min Apgar score, and endotracheal tube ventilation. Six machine learning algorithms were employed. Among 7471 infants analyzed, the selected predictors consistently performed well across all outcomes. Logistic regression and neural network models showed the highest predictive performance (AUC 0.81-0.90 in both internal and external validation) and were well-calibrated, confirmed by calibration plots and the lowest two mean Brier scores (0.0685 and 0.0691). We developed a robust machine learning-based outcome predictor using only four accessible variables, offering valuable prognostic information for parents and aiding healthcare providers in decision-making.
After 5-10 minute interview with the patient to define his or her tastes and contraindications to certain techniques. The patient will have 15 to 20 minutes to carry out an artistic activity, accompanied by the art therapist according to his/her needs. During the activity, verbal exchanges will continue. After the session, 5 minutes will be devoted to the patient's self-evaluation of the past moment, of his level of anxiety, of the intensity of his pain and of his feelings in relation to his passage in the Emergency Department and the art therapy session.
Pharmaceutical prepn. (I) for the treatment of psoriasis, comprises fumaric acid, its neutral- and acid salts, di- and mono esters or their salts, including manganese salts, admixed with glycine and opt. sec. phosphate such as CaHPO4 for internal and external application. (I) have a very broad spectrum of activity. The additives ensure excellent compatibility in the gastric- and digestive tract upon oral admin.; they prevent flush. They also prevent inflammatory erythema and itching of the skin upon external application.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject cosmetic excellent in usability and feeling to users by including a fluorine-based oil solution and a specific organopolysiloxane polymer. SOLUTION: This cosmetic contains, as an active ingredient, (a) a fluorine- based oil solution, e.g. a compound of formula I [R<1> to R<5> are each F, a perfluoroalkyl, etc.; (p), (q) or (r) is an integer of >=0], (b) a partially crosslinked type polyether-modified organic polysiloxane polymer and/or partially crosslinked type organopolysiloxane polymer, e.g. a polymer containing formula II and/or formula III as essential components and (c) powder. The cosmetic has good release from a coating tool and does not cause caking and has good spreading and is capable of uniformly applying and has no powdery feeling of make up film on skin and has fine-grained finishing and is capable of imparting emollient feeling to skin and has good safety and stability.
Identifying individuals poised to gain from immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies is a pivotal element in the realm of tailored healthcare. The expression level of Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been linked to the response to ICI therapy, but its assessment typically requires substantial tumor tissue, which can be challenging to obtain. In contrast, blood samples are more feasible for clinical application. A number of promising peripheral biomarkers have been proposed to overcome this hurdle. This research aims to evaluate the prognostic utility of the albumin-to-lactate dehydrogenase ratio (LAR), the Pan-immune-inflammation Value (PIV), and the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) in predicting the response to ICI therapy in individuals with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Furthermore, the study seeks to construct a predictive nomogram that includes these markers to facilitate the selection of patients with a higher likelihood of benefiting from ICI therapy. A research initiative scrutinized the treatment records of 157 advanced NSCLC patients who received ICI therapy across two Jiangxi medical centers. The cohort from Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital (comprising 108 patients) was utilized for the training dataset, while the contingent from Jiangxi Cancer Hospital (49 patients) served for validation purposes. Stratification was based on established LAR, PIV, and PNI benchmarks to explore associations with DCR and ORR metrics. Factorial influences on ICI treatment success were discerned through univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Subsequently, a Nomogram was devised to forecast outcomes, its precision gauged by ROC and calibration curves, DCA analysis, and cross-institutional validation. In the training group, the optimal threshold values for LAR, PIV, and PNI were identified as 5.205, 297.49, and 44.6, respectively. Based on these thresholds, LAR, PIV, and PNI were categorized into high (≥ Cut-off) and low (< Cut-off) groups. Patients with low LAR (L-LAR), low PIV (L-PIV), and high PNI (H-PNI) exhibited a higher disease control rate (DCR) (P < 0.05) and longer median progression-free survival (PFS) (P < 0.05). Cox multivariate analysis indicated that PS, malignant pleural effusion, liver metastasis, high PIV (H-PIV), and low PNI (L-PNI) were risk factors adversely affecting the efficacy of immunotherapy (P < 0.05). The Nomogram model predicted a concordance index (C-index) of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.73-0.84). The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for the training group at 6, 9, and 12 months were 0.900, 0.869, and 0.866, respectively, while the AUCs for the external validation group at the same time points were 0.800, 0.886, and 0.801, respectively. Throughout immunotherapy, PIV and PNI could act as prospective indicators for forecasting treatment success in NSCLC patients, while the devised Nomogram model exhibits strong predictive performance for patient prognoses.
PURPOSE: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is a distinct disease from other head and neck tumors. This guideline provides evidence-based recommendations on the critical decisions in its curative treatment, including both definitive and postoperative radiation therapy (RT) management.
METHODS: ASTRO convened a task force to address 5 key questions on the use of RT for management of HPV-associated OPSCC. These questions included indications for definitive and postoperative RT and chemoradiation; dose-fractionation regimens and treatment volumes; preferred RT techniques and normal tissue considerations; and posttreatment management decisions. The task force did not address indications for primary surgery versus RT. Recommendations were based on a systematic literature review and created using a predefined consensus-building methodology and system for grading evidence quality and recommendation strength.
RESULTS: Concurrent cisplatin is recommended for patients receiving definitive RT with T3-4 disease and/or 1 node >3 cm, or multiple nodes. For similar patients who are ineligible for cisplatin, concurrent cetuximab, carboplatin/5-fluorouracil, or taxane-based systemic therapy are conditionally recommended. In the postoperative setting, RT with concurrent cisplatin (either schedule) is recommended for positive surgical margins or extranodal extension. Postoperative RT alone is recommended for pT3-4 disease, >2 nodes, or a single node >3 cm. Observation is conditionally recommended for pT1-2 disease and a single node ≤3 cm without other risk factors. For patients treated with definitive RT with concurrent systemic therapy, 7000 cGy in 33 to 35 fractions is recommended, and for patients receiving postoperative RT without positive surgical margins and extranodal extension, 5600 to 6000 cGy is recommended. For all patients receiving RT, intensity modulated RT over 3-dimensional techniques with reduction in dose to critical organs at risk (including salivary and swallowing structures) is recommended. Reassessment with positron emission tomography-computed tomography is recommended approximately 3 months after definitive RT/chemoradiation, and neck dissection is recommended for convincing evidence of residual disease; for equivocal positron emission tomography-computed tomography findings, either neck dissection or repeat imaging is recommended.
CONCLUSIONS: The role and practice of RT continues to evolve for HPV-associated OPSCC, and these guidelines inform best clinical practice based on the available evidence.