anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are often difficult to distinguish in the early stage of the disease. The purpose of this study was to explore the similarities and differences between the two diseases through Mendelian randomization (MR) and transcriptome analysis.
METHODS: We first performed a correlation analysis of phenotypic data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of OA and RA. Then, we performed functional and pathway enrichment of differentially expressed genes in OA, RA, and normal patients. The infiltration of immune cells in arthritis was analyzed according to gene expression. Finally, MR analysis was performed with inflammatory cytokines and immune cells as exposures and arthritis as the outcome. The same and different key cytokines and immune cells were obtained by the two analysis methods.
RESULTS: GWAS indicated that there was a genetic correlation between OA and RA. The common function of OA and RA is enriched in their response to cytokines, while the difference is enriched in lymphocyte activation. T cells are the main immune cells that differentiate between OA and RA. MR analysis further revealed that OA is associated with more protective cytokines, and most of the cytokines in RA are pathogenic. In addition, CCR7 on naive CD4 + T cell was positively correlated with OA. SSC-A on CD4 + T cell was negatively correlated with RA, while HLA DR on CD33- HLA DR + was positively correlated with RA.
CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated the similarities and differences of immune inflammation between OA and RA, allowing us to better understand these two diseases.
BACKGROUND: Hospital water is involved in both the prevention and spread of healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs). Handwashing is key to reducing the transmission of pathogens, yet numerous outbreaks have been found to be caused by organisms within sinks, taps and showers. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and increasingly non-aeruginosa Pseudomonas cause waterborne HCAI, however, little is known about the virulence potential of Pseudomonas species found within hospital environments.
METHODS: Swabs were taken from 62 sinks within two newly opened wards at Great Ormond Street Hospital, samples were taken before and after the wards opened to understand the impact of patient occupancy on sink micro-organisms. Culturable bacteria were identified by MALDI-TOF and virulence factors assessed through phenotypic methods.
RESULTS: A total of 106 bacterial isolates were recovered including 24 Pseudomonas isolates. Of these 25% were identified as P. oleovorans, 21% P. aeruginosa, 17% P. composti, 13% P. alicalipha, 8% P. monteilii, 4% P. putida, 4% P. stutzeri and 8% could only be identified to genus level by MALDI-TOF. Differences were seen in both the number of Pseudomonas isolates and virulence production between the two wards, overall 25% of the Pseudomonas isolates produced pigment, 58% were capable of haemolysis, 87.5% were able to swim, 83.3% were capable of twitching motility, 33.3% produced alkaline protease and 8.3% produced gelatinase.
CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that patients may be back-contaminating sinks with colonizing organisms which has ongoing implications for infection prevention and control. Additionally, this work highlights the ability of non-aeruginosa Pseudomonas to produce virulence factors traditionally associated with P. aeruginosa.
Virtual reality (VR) is a computer-created 3D environment with a focus on realistic scenes and pictures created for entertainment, medical and/or educational and training purposes. One of the major side effects of VR immersion reported in the scientific literature, media and social media is Visually Induced Motion Sickness (VIMS), with clinical symptoms such as disorientation, nausea, and oculomotor discomfort. VIMS is mostly caused by the discrepancy between the visual and vestibular systems and can lead to dizziness, nausea, and disorientation. In this study, we present one potential novel solution to combat motion sickness in VR, showcasing a significant reduction of nausea in VR users employing the META Quest 2 headsets in conjunction with a whole-body controller. Using a neurodigital approach, we facilitate a more immersive and comfortable VR experience. Our findings indicate a marked reduction in VR-induced nausea, paving the way to promote VR technology for broader applications across various fields.
This arm will receive material regarding patient safety. this material will have some element of needlestick and injury prevention. this intervention will done for 1 week.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide methods and compositions for modifying melanin distribution, and to provide methods and compositions for reducing melanin distribution.SOLUTION: Disclosed are a method for modifying melanin distribution and a composition thereof for modifying melanin distribution. Disclosed are a method for reducing melanin distribution and a composition thereof for reducing melanin distribution. A representative composition comprises 4-ethoxybenzaldehyde, one or more additional active agents and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. The carrier and excipient may be compounded for topical application. And, the composition may be formulated for transdermal administration. The composition can be used for the prophylactic and treatment of pigmentation disorder including post inflammatory hyperpigmentation and the like as non-limiting examples. The compositions may be used for lightening the color of skin.SELECTED DRAWING: None
The main objective of this study is to estimate both the sleepiness by a Maintenance Wakefulness Test (MWT) and the capacity to drive in adults presenting an ADHD. Duration of participation for each patients will be 7 days. Four days after inclusion, patients will have to stop all psychostimulant treatment. Participants will then spend 24 hours (on days 6 and 7) at the "Groupe d'Etudes Neurophysiologie Pharmacologie Sommeil et Sommnolence"(GENPPHASS) in the "Centre Hospitalier Universitaire"(CHU) of Bordeaux. During this time, they will undergo complete polysomnography.The next day, they will perform a Maintenance Wakefulness Test (MWT). A neuropsychological evaluation of one hour will also be done. Finally, a driving test on a simulator will be performed.

Study significance: patients will benefit from an objective exploration of their sleep (with possibly, a sleep disorder discovery) and from a specific treatment. This study will demonstrate the necessity to investigate daytime function (sleepiness and performance) and the sleep quality of patients with ADHD. It will also demonstrate that part of the adults with ADHD handicap is based on an awakening disorder which adds to the attentional disorder.
Participants in this arm shall receive 3.6 ml/kg of water a minimum of 1 hour prior to the induction of general anaesthesia. This is standard practice in the 2 participating institutions.
The goals of this study are to collect and evaluate respiratory muscle strength training (RMST) induced changes in ventilatory function in healthy children. Children will undergo one session of pulmonary function and strength testing to quantify rate of inspiratory and expiratory pressure development and to determine whether inspiratory and expiratory pressure correlate to maximal respiratory pressures and forced pulmonary function tests. Currently normal pressure-flow-timing responses are not well-characterized in healthy children. The purpose of this study is to help develop more efficient RMST exercise prescriptions for ill children on ventilators and with neuromuscular weakness.

Participants in the study will refrain from caffeine products and exercise on the day of respiratory testing. In conjunction with respiratory testing, baseline and exertional blood pressure, heart and respiratory rate, and pulse oximetry will be monitored. Participants will complete tidal flow-volume assessments and forced expiratory maneuvers according to the AMerican Thoracic Society guidelines. Participants will undergo 5 sets of 10 maximal-effort breaths against standardized resistances (one set each at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 cm H20). Following each set, subjects will rate the load magnitude and their feelings of breathing discomfort using a 0-10 visual analog scale. Participants will also perform maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure maneuvers. All tests will be separated by at least 2-3 minutes of rest.
A mixing device (100) for mixing a first and second material together to create an output mixture. The device includes a first chamber (310) containing the first material coupled to a mixing chamber (330) defined between a rotor (600) and a stator (700). The rotor is disposed inside the stator and rotates therein about an axis of rotation. The first chamber houses an internal pump (410) configured to pump the first material from the first chamber into the mixing chamber. At least one of the rotor and stator have a plurality of through-holes (608, 708) through which the second material is provided to the mixing chamber. Optionally, a second chamber (320) coupled to the mixing chamber. The second chamber may house an internal pump (420) configured to pump the output material fro the mixing chamber into the second chamber.
BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) beyond 6 hours from stroke onset for patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) selected without CT perfusion(CTP) or MR imaging(MRI) is undetermined. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the current literature comparing outcomes for late presenting patients with LVO treated by best medical management (BMM) with those selected for EVT based only on non-contrast CT(NCCT)/CT angiography(CTA) (without CTP or MRI).
METHODS: PRISMA guidelines were employed. The primary outcome was functional independence (modified Rankin Scale 0-2) at 3 months. Secondary outcomes were symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (sICH) and mortality at 3 months. Data were analysed using the random-effects model.
RESULTS: Six studies of 2083 patients, including three randomised controlled trials, were included; 1271 patients were treated with EVT and 812 patients with BMM. Compared to BMM, patients treated with EVT demonstrated higher odds of achieving functional independence (39.0 % EVT vs 22.0 % BMM; OR = 2.55, 95 %CI 1.61-4.05,p < 0.0001, I2 = 74 %). The rates of sICH (OR = 2.09, 95 %CI 0.86-5.04,p = 0.10) and mortality (OR = 0.62, 95 %CI 0.35-1.10,p = 0.10) were not significantly different between each cohort.
CONCLUSION: Compared to BMM, late presenting stroke patients selected for EVT eligibility with NCCT/CTA only and treated with EVT achieved significantly higher rates of functional independence at 90 days, without increasing the incidence of sICH or mortality. Whilst these findings indicate that NCCT/CTA only may be used for EVT eligibility selection for patients who present beyond 6 hours from stroke onset, the results should be interpreted with caution due to the substantial heterogeneity between studies.
Provided herein are compositions, methods, systems, and kits for wound healing. As shown herein, CCN2/CTGF stimulated mesenchymal progenitor cells can form [alpha]SMA- fibroblasts. Further, TGF was shown to stimulate further differentiation of [alpha]SMA-fibroblasts to myofibroblasts associated with fibrosis. One aspect provides a composition including CCN2/CTGF and a TGF inhibitor, a P38 inhibitor, or a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Another aspect provides a method of treating tissue wounds with CCN2/CTGF-containing compositions. Also provided are systems and kits for wound healing. Also provided are methods for forming [alpha]SMA-fibroblasts mesenchymal progenitor cells.
Participants randomized to the CA regimen receive adalimumab 40 mg eow beginning at Week 12. The adalimumab dose will be escalated to every week (ew) starting as early as Week 14 and up to Week 54 based on Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) or high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) values, using results from the prior or current study visit. Once participants in the CA regimen are escalated, they remain on adalimumab 40 mg ew dosing.
BACKGROUND: Endothelial prolyl hydroxylase-2 (PHD2) is essential for pulmonary remodeling and hypertension. In the present study, we investigated the role of endothelial PHD2 in angiotensin II-mediated arterial stiffness, pericyte recruitment, and cardiac fibrosis.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 tracing reporter chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4- red fluorescent protein (DsRed) transgenic mice were crossed with PHD2flox/flox (PHD2f/f) mice and endothelial-specific knockout of PHD2 (PHD2ECKO) mice. Transgenic PHD2f/f (TgPHD2f/f) mice and TgPHD2ECKO mice were infused with angiotensin II for 4 weeks. Arterial thickness, stiffness, and histological and immunofluorescence of pericytes and fibrosis were measured. Infusion of TgPHD2f/f mice with angiotensin II resulted in a time-dependent increase in pulse-wave velocity. Angiotensin II-induced pulse-wave velocity was further elevated in the TgPHD2ECKO mice. TgPHD2ECKO also reduced coronary flow reserve compared with TgPHD2f/f mice infused with angiotensin II. Mechanistically, knockout of endothelial PHD2 promoted aortic arginase activity and angiotensin II-induced aortic thickness together with increased transforming growth factor-β1 and ICAM-1/VCAM-1 expression in coronary arteries. TgPHD2f/f mice infused with angiotensin II for 4 weeks exhibited a significant increase in cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy, which was further developed in the TgPHD2ECKO mice. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 pericyte was traced by DsRed+ staining and angiotensin II infusion displayed a significant increase of DsRed+ pericytes in the heart, as well as a deficiency of endothelial PHD2, which further promoted angiotensin II-induced pericyte increase. DsRed+ pericytes were costained with fibroblast-specific protein 1 and α-smooth muscle actin for measuring pericyte-myofibroblast cell transition. The knockout of endothelial PHD2 increased the amount of DsRed+/fibroblast-specific protein 1+ and DsRed+/α-smooth muscle actin+ cells induced by angiotensin II infusion.
CONCLUSIONS: Knockout of endothelial PHD2 enhanced angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis by mechanisms involving increasing arterial stiffness and pericyte-myofibroblast cell transitions.
Participants will receive a single 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection of PCV13 administered at 2 to 6 months of age, and second and third dose is administered at an interval of ≥27 days from the prior dose. The fourth dose is administered at 12 to 15 months of age.
BACKGROUND: Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (NCD) are poorly characterized in terms of their risk factor profiles. Leptin and adiponectin are adipose-tissue-derived hormones with a role in inflammation and atherosclerosis whose function in perioperative NCD is unclear. Here, we used a cohort of older adults to examine the association of preoperative plasma concentrations of these biomarkers with the risk of perioperative NCD.
METHODS: Prospective analysis of 768 participants aged ≥ 65 years of the BioCog study. Blood was collected before surgery for measurement of plasma total and high-molecular-weight (hmw) adiponectin, leptin, and soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R). The free leptin index (FLI, leptin:sOB-R) was calculated. Postoperative delirium (POD) was assessed twice daily until postoperative day 7/discharge. Five hundred twenty-six patients (68.5%) returned for 3-month follow-up and provided data on postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). POCD was defined as a decline on six neuropsychological tests that exceeded that of a nonsurgical control group. Logistic regression analyses examined the associations of each exposure with POD and POCD risk, in separate models adjusted for age, sex, fasting, surgery type, and body mass index (BMI).
RESULTS: Of 768 patients, 152 (19.8%) developed POD. Of 526 attendants of the follow-up, 54 (10.3%) had developed POCD. Leptin, sOB-R, and total and hmw adiponectin were each not associated with POD. For POCD, we observed reduced risk in patients in FLI quartile 4 compared with quartile 1 (odds ratio, 0.26; 95% CI 0.08, 0.89). Sensitivity analyses for the outcome POD revealed statistically significant interaction terms of sOB-R and total adiponectin with obesity (BMI≥30kg/m2 versus BMI<30kg/m2). For the outcome POCD, a higher sOB-R was associated with an increased risk in the obese subgroup (odds ratio, 4.00; 95% CI 1.01, 15.86).
CONCLUSIONS: We did not find consistent evidence for the role of leptin, its receptor, and total and hmw adiponectin in POD and POCD risk. Future research should be used to support or refute our findings and to fully characterize any differences in the associations of these hormones with POD/POCD between obese and nonobese individuals.
The dosage of Lidocaine and Epinephrine Injections, USP depends on the physical status of the patient, the area of the oral cavity to be anesthetized, the vascularity of the oral tissues, and the technique of anesthesia used. The least volume of solution that results in effective local anesthesia should be administered; time should be allowed between injections to observe the patient for manifestations of an adverse reaction. For specific techniques and procedures of a local anesthesia in the oral cavity, refer to standard textbooks.

For most routine dental procedures, Lidocaine and Epinephrine 1:100,000 Injection is preferred. However, when greater depth and a more pronounced hemostasis are required, a 1:50,000 Epinephrine concentration should be used.

Dosage requirements should be determined on an individual basis. In oral infiltration and / or mandibular block, initial dosages of 1.0 - 5.0 mL (1/2 to 2.5 cartridges) of Lidocaine and Epinephrine Injections are usually effective.

In children under 10 years of age, it is rarely necessary to administer more than one-half cartridge (0.9-1.0 mL or 18-20 mg of lidocaine) per procedure to achieve local anesthesia for a procedure involving a single tooth. In maxillary infiltration, this amount will often suffice to the treatment of two or even three teeth. In the mandibular block, however, satisfactory anesthesia achieved with this amount of drug, will allow treatment of the teeth of an entire quadrant. Aspiration is recommended since it reduces the possibility of intravascular injection, thereby keeping the incidence of side effects and anesthetic failures to a minimum. Moreover, injection should always be made slowly.

Maximum recommended dosages for Lidocaine and Epinephrine Injections.
Idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, which is associated with neuroinflammation and reactive gliosis. The underlying cause of PD and the concurrent neuroinflammation are not well understood. In this study, we utilize human and murine neuronal lines, stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons, and mice to demonstrate that three previously identified genetic risk factors for PD, namely SATB1, MIR22HG, and GBA, are components of a single gene regulatory pathway. Our findings indicate that dysregulation of this pathway leads to the upregulation of glucocerebrosides (GluCer), which triggers a cellular senescence-like phenotype in dopaminergic neurons. Specifically, we discovered that downregulation of the transcriptional repressor SATB1 results in the derepression of the microRNA miR-22-3p, leading to decreased GBA expression and subsequent accumulation of GluCer. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that an increase in GluCer alone is sufficient to impair lysosomal and mitochondrial function, thereby inducing cellular senescence. Dysregulation of the SATB1-MIR22-GBA pathway, observed in both PD patients and normal aging, leads to lysosomal and mitochondrial dysfunction due to the GluCer accumulation, ultimately resulting in a cellular senescence-like phenotype in dopaminergic neurons. Therefore, our study highlights a novel pathway involving three genetic risk factors for PD and provides a potential mechanism for the senescence-induced neuroinflammation and reactive gliosis observed in both PD and normal aging.
We report a case of a boy in his middle childhood who presented with inspiratory stridor and lactic acidosis and was subsequently diagnosed with partial biotinidase deficiency. Fibreoptic laryngoscope showed paradoxical vocal fold mobility.Partial biotidinase deficiency is an inherited disorder in which the body is unable to recycle the vitamin biotin. It may result in clinical consequences and can be easily treated with biotin but need a high index of suspicion to diagnose. The main symptoms include ataxia, seizures, hypotonia, psychomotor retardation, alopecia, skin rash, progressive deafness, optic atrophy and life-threatening episodes of metabolic acidosis. Laryngeal stridor is an uncommon presentation, but it is reversible in case of biotinidase deficiency. Invasive procedure like tracheostomy has not been shown to enhance outcomes.
AIM: The standard treatment for low rectal cancer is preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery with low anterior resection with diverting ileostomy or abdominoperineal resection, both of which have significant long-term effects on bowel and sexual function. Due to the high morbidity of surgery, there has been increasing interest in nonoperative management for low rectal cancer. The aim of this work is to conduct a pan-Canadian Phase II trial assessing the safety of nonoperative management for low rectal cancer.
METHOD: Patients with Stage II or III low rectal cancer completing chemoradiotherapy according to standard of care at participating centres will be assessed for complete clinical response 8-14 weeks following completion of chemoradiotherapy. Subjects achieving a clinical complete response will undergo active surveillance including endoscopy, imaging and bloodwork at regular intervals for 24 months. The primary outcome will be the rate of local regrowth 2 years after chemoradiotherapy. Nonoperative management will be considered safe (i.e. as effective as surgery to achieve local control) if the rate of local regrowth is ≤30% and surgical salvage is possible for all local regrowths. Secondary outcomes will include disease-free and overall survival.
CONCLUSION: The results will be highly clinically relevant, as it is expected that nonoperative management will be safe and lead to widespread adoption of nonoperative management in Canada. This change in practice has the potential to decrease the number of patients requiring surgery and the costs associated with surgery and long-term surgical morbidity.
The invention discloses a Chinese traditional medicine used for reduce blood pressure, which is prepared from the following raw materials by weight part: 10 to 20 parts of earth worm; 5 to 15 parts of turtle shell, 10 to 30 parts of eucommia bark, 10 to 20 parts of self-heal, 10 to 20 parts of mistletoe, 15 to 30 parts of baikal skullcap root, 15 to 30 parts of leonurus sibiricus linne, 10 to 20 parts of flower of Chinese scholartree, and 20 to 30 parts of dendrobe. In the method for preparing the Chinese traditional medicine, the earth worm, the turtle shell, the eucommia bark, the self-heal, the mistletoe, the baikal skullcap root, the leonurus sibiricus linne, the flower of Chinese scholartree and the dendrobe are stirred and baked to yellowish on a small fire separately, and are triturated and screened separately, thus getting the fine powder of the ingredients. The fine powder of the ingredients is weighed based on the weight part, and is mixed uniformly, thus getting the powder of the Chinese traditional medicine. The Chinese traditional medicine overcomes the defects of large dosage and long cure period of Western medicaments, which has remarkable curative effect. The diseases cured with the Chinese traditional medicine do not recur. No obvious adverse effect occurs to sufferers having taken the Chinese traditional medicine. The sufferers cured with the Chinese traditional medicine are not subject to cerebral hemorrhage, coronary occlusion, hemiplegia and so on.