anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
There are several surgical options described for the treatment of anorectal fistulas, specially in complex cases where recurrence rates and the possibility of postoperative complications are still high. Laser- FiLaC™ has been described in this study as an option in the management of anorectal fistula. The aim of this study was to assess the novel radial laser probe treatment in complex fistula in-ano and report the success rate and recurrence rate. We studied retrospectively 56 patients who, according to our hospital patient records, underwent radial laser probe surgery between March 2019 and August 2020. In a mean follow-up time of 6 months, the success rate at 2 months was 86.0%. Most operations were done under spinal anesthesia. The recovery time was rapid and median sick leave was 7 days. Of those initially successfully treated, 3.0% developed a recurrence. Altogether 4.0% of the patients underwent a re-operation. There is a good success rate using FiLaC™ treatment. FiLaC™ is very effective in treatment of complex fistula and as well as recurrence of fistula. It has a short hospital stay and as well as it is painless surgical technique that should be largely used in our country.
The brain is highly sensitive to damage caused by infection and inflammation1,2. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a neurotropic virus and the cause of herpes simplex encephalitis3. It is unknown whether neuron-specific antiviral factors control virus replication to prevent infection and excessive inflammatory responses, hence protecting the brain. Here we identify TMEFF1 as an HSV-1 restriction factor using genome-wide CRISPR screening. TMEFF1 is expressed specifically in neurons of the central nervous system and is not regulated by type I interferon, the best-known innate antiviral system controlling virus infections. Depletion of TMEFF1 in stem-cell-derived human neurons led to elevated viral replication and neuronal death following HSV-1 infection. TMEFF1 blocked the HSV-1 replication cycle at the level of viral entry through interactions with nectin-1 and non-muscle myosin heavy chains IIA and IIB, which are core proteins in virus-cell binding and virus-cell fusion, respectively4-6. Notably, Tmeff1-/- mice exhibited increased susceptibility to HSV-1 infection in the brain but not in the periphery. Within the brain, elevated viral load was observed specifically in neurons. Our study identifies TMEFF1 as a neuron-specific restriction factor essential for prevention of HSV-1 replication in the central nervous system.
BACKGROUND: This study updates the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) Organ Injury Scale (OIS) for renal trauma using evidence-based criteria for bleeding control intervention.
METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of a multicenter retrospective study including patients with high-grade renal trauma from seven level 1 trauma centers from 2013 to 2018. All eligible patients were assigned new renal trauma grades based on revised criteria. The primary outcome used to measure injury severity was intervention for renal bleeding. Secondary outcomes included intervention for urinary extravasation, units of packed red blood cells transfused within 24 hours, and mortality. To test the revised grading system, we performed mixed-effect logistic regression adjusted for multiple baseline demographic and trauma covariates. We determined the area under the curve (AUC) to assess accuracy of predicting bleeding interventions from the revised grading system and compared this to 2018 AAST OIS.
RESULTS: Based on the 2018 OIS grading system, we included 549 patients with AAST grades III to V injuries and computed tomography scans (III, 52% [n = 284]; IV, 45% [n = 249]; and V, 3% [n = 16]). Among these patients, 89% experienced blunt injury (n = 491), and 12% (n = 64) underwent intervention for bleeding. After applying the revised grading criteria, 60% (n = 329) of patients were downgraded, and 4% (n = 23) were upgraded; 2.8% (n = 7) downgraded from grade V to IV, and 69.5% (n = 173) downgraded from grade IV to III. The revised renal trauma grading system demonstrated improved predictive ability for bleeding interventions (2018 AUC, 0.805; revised AUC, 0.883; p = 0.001) and number of units of packed red blood cells transfused. When we removed urinary injury from the revised system, there was no difference in its predictive ability for renal hemorrhage intervention.
CONCLUSION: A revised renal trauma grading system better delineates the need for hemostatic interventions than the current AAST OIS renal trauma grading system.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Diagnostic Test/Criteria; Level III.
Patients randomized to this group will continue receiving standard-of-care treatment from their orthopaedic physician which includes regularly scheduled clinic visits and observation. Observation consists of no treatment of the scoliosis, only routine clinical assessment by the orthopaedic surgeon to detect curve progression every 3 to 6 months.
FIELD: medicine, chemical-pharmaceutical industry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treatment of patients with hyperlipoproteinemia and atherosclerosis. Composition has an inhibitor of enzyme, HMG-CoA-reductase, for example, fluvastatin sodium, stabilized with an alkaline stabilizing agent from pH-associated degradation that is able to brought about pH value of an aqueous solution of dispersion of indicated composition to at least 8. Composition provides rapid and practically complete absorption of a drug by intestine. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of a composition proposed. 11 cl, 2 tbl
Trastuzumab Deruxtecan, administered every three weeks for three courses. Further treatment is decided by the intrinsic molecular (PAM50) subtype of the tumor.
Participants between 55 and 85 years of age with a diagnosis of RA by the treating rheumatologist. Patients \> 80 years who are physically unable to complete the whole study procedure, are allowed to undergo only part of the study measurements.
Endometritis is the inflammation of the endothelial lining of the uterine lumen and is multifactorial in etiology. Escherichia (E.) coli is a Gram-negative bacteria, generally considered as a primary causative agent for bovine endometritis. Bovine endometritis is characterized by the activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) by E. coli, which in turn triggers inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the gene expression of inflammatory, oxidative stress, and apoptotic markers related to endometritis in the uteri of cows. Twenty uterine tissues were collected from the abattoir. Histologically, congestion, edema, hyperemia, and hemorrhagic lesions with massive infiltration of neutrophil and cell necrosis were detected markedly (P < 0.05) in infected uterine samples. Additionally, we identify E. coli using the ybbW gene (177 base pairs; E. coli-specific gene) from infected uterine samples. Moreover, qPCR and western blot results indicated that TLR2, TLR4, proinflammatory mediators, and apoptosis-mediated genes upregulated except Bcl-2, which is antiapoptotic, and there were downregulations of oxidative stress-related genes in the infected uterine tissue. The results of our study suggested that different gene expression regimes related to the immune system reflex were activated in infected uteri. This research gives a novel understanding of active immunological response in bovine endometritis.
Protein turnover is crucial for cell survival, and the impairment of proteostasis leads to cell death. Aging is associated with a decline in proteostasis, as the progressive accumulation of damaged proteins is a hallmark of age-related disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We previously discovered that the declining function of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in motor neurons contributes to sporadic ALS pathologies, such as progressive motor neuron loss, protein accumulation, and glial activation. However, the mechanisms of UPS dysfunction-induced cell damage, such as cell death and aggregation, are not fully understood. This study used transcriptome analysis of motor neurons with UPS dysfunction and found that the expression of N-myc downstream regulated 1 (NDRG1) gets upregulated by UPS dysfunction. Additionally, the upregulation of NDRG1 induces cell death in the Neuro2a mouse neuroblastoma cell line. These results suggest that NDRG1 is a potential marker for UPS dysfunction and may play a role in neurodegeneration, such as that seen in ALS.
Infective endocarditis (IE) caused by Enterococcus spp. represents the third most common cause of IE, with high rates of relapse compared with other bacteria. Interestingly, late relapses (>6 months) have only been described in Enterococcus faecalis, but here we describe the first reported IE relapse with Enterococcus faecium more than a year (17 months) after the initial endocarditis episode. Firstly, by multi locus sequence typing (MLST), we demonstrated that both isolates (EF646 and EF641) belong to the same sequence type (ST117). Considering that EF641 was able to overcome starvation and antibiotic treatment conditions surviving for a long period of time, we performed bioinformatic analysis in identifying potential genes involved in virulence and stringent response. Our results showed a 13-nucleotide duplication (positions 1638-1650) in the gene relA, resulting in a premature stop codon, with a loss of 167 amino acids from the C-terminal domains of the RelA enzyme. RelA mediates the stringent response in bacteria, modulating levels of the alarmone guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp). The relA mutant (EF641) was associated with lower growth capacity, the presence of small colony variants, and higher capacity to produce biofilms (compared with the strain EF646), but without differences in antimicrobial susceptibility patterns according to standard procedures during planktonic growth. Instead, EF641 demonstrated tolerance to high doses of teicoplanin when growing in a biofilm. We conclude that all these events would be closely related to the long-term survival of the E. faecium and the late relapse of the IE. These data represent the first clinical evidence of mutations in the stringent response (relA gene) related with E. faecium IE relapse.
FIELD: medicine, traumatology, orthopedics. SUBSTANCE: method involves preliminary puncture and catheterization of femoral vein of limb to be operated. After administration of osseous cement into marrowy channel infusion of 0.03% sodium hypochlorite solution is carried out through femoral catheter. Infusion rate is 50-60 drops per 1 min for the first hour and then rate is 30-40 drops per 1 min for 3 h, not less. The total volume of infusion is 400 ml. Method ensures to decrease toxic effect of methylmethacrylate monomer. EFFECT: improved method of prophylaxis and treatment of implantation syndrome. 3 tbl, 2 dwg, 1 ex
This trial will follow patients' adherence with their current medication regimen and will not impact the medications they are prescribed. Patients will be enrolled during a regularly scheduled Cystic Fibrosis Clinic visit. When participants receive their reminder calls for the clinic visit, they will be asked to bring their prescribed vitamins in the pharmacy dispensed bottle with them. During the clinic visit, the study will be reviewed, and consent will be obtained. After enrollment, patients will complete a survey indicating their understanding of the reason for taking vitamins/genetic modulators, the importance they place on taking the medications, self-reported adherence to the therapies, and reasons for being non-adherent. Participants will indicate which pharmacies they receive the vitamins and modulators from, and how they obtain the refills (E.g., Does the patient call for refills? Does the pharmacy send a reminder text/email/phone call or are medications auto refilled?) During the first visit, directions on how to download the Patch App and scan the QRS code will be sent to the subject/parent. Subjects/parents will enter their recommended dose of Trikafta and vitamin in the Patch App. Patients will be taught how to place the Patch Cap in the lid of their vitamin bottle. They will be given the option of entering data for a "buddy" who will also get a reminder when they are due to take their medications if medications are not documented as taken in a specified time window. Data which will be collected at baseline are age (\< 18 years of age, \> 18 years of age), gender, insurance status, Education level (parent education level if patient \< 18 years of age), marital status if patient \> 18 years of age, weight/BMI/FEV1 at enrollment, concomitant medications, and vitamin A and E levels measured within the previous year. Once the patient is enrolled, the study team will contact the pharmacies from which the patient gets the vitamins and elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor and will review the refill history over the past 6 months. The study staff will calculate the Medication Possession Ration (MPR) equal to the number of pills the patient would have based on their refill history/number of pills needed to take medication as prescribed. Over the next 3 months, patients will take their medications and this activity will either be logged via the Patch Cap electronically to the Patch App or the patient will enter the data every time they take the elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor on the Patch App. This information will simultaneously be tracked in the Patch Hub by Patch Technologies personnel. At the end of three months, patients will return to clinic for their routine quarterly visit. Patients will be surveyed about ease of use of the Patch Cap and the PatchRx App, as well as estimating their adherence. The study team will obtain the refill history for vitamins and elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor for the previous 3 months as reported by the pharmacy and calculate the MPR. Patch Technologies will provide adherence data collected through the Patch App to the PI at the end of the study.
Breast cancer (BC) persists as a highly prevalent malignancy in females, characterized by diverse molecular signatures and necessitating personalized therapeutic approaches. The equilibrium of copper within the organism is meticulously maintained through regulated absorption, distribution, and elimination, underpinning not only cellular equilibrium but also various essential biological functions. The process of cuproptosis is initiated by copper's interaction with lipoylases within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, which triggers the conglomeration of lipoylated proteins and diminishes the integrity of Fe-S clusters, culminating in cell demise through proteotoxic stress. In BC, aberrations in cuproptosis are prominent and represent a crucial molecular incident that contributes to the disease progression. It influences BC cell metabolism and affects critical traits such as proliferation, invasiveness, and resistance to chemotherapy. Therapeutic strategies that target cuproptosis have shown promising antitumor efficacy. Moreover, a plethora of cuproptosis-centric genes, including cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs), CRG-associated non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and cuproptosis-associated regulators, have been identified, offering potential for the development of risk assessment models or diagnostic signatures. In this review, we provide a comprehensive exposition of the fundamental principles of cuproptosis, its influence on the malignant phenotypes of BC, the prognostic implications of cuproptosis-based markers, and the substantial prospects of exploiting cuproptosis for BC therapy, thereby laying a theoretical foundation for targeted interventions in this domain.
The tactile imaging sensor will estimate the relative size and elasticity of the mass(es). This device may allow a simple, convenient method to screen for breast tumors. This is not a treatment and it will not be used to diagnose abnormal masses. The investigators will also not look for any unknown masses. And only doctors will touch the patients. An engineering assistant will be in the room to operate the tactile imaging sensor.

The breast scan that is done as part of this research protocol is not intended to detect any breast disease or abnormality. Research breast scans are not examined by a clinical radiologist to look for abnormalities. Research scan will be evaluated by the engineers developing the device to assess its usefulness. The breast scan for this research will only look at a portion of your breast as it relates to this research. The investigators, the tactile imaging sensor operators and other members of the research team are not qualified to interpret the scan for any diagnostic or therapeutic value. Therefore, the tactile imaging scan being done for this research study will not be analyzed to detect any medical condition.

Patients will have done mammography or ultrasound by now. Once the doctor decides to perform biopsy, the tactile imaging will be planned. The consent will be obtained before the biopsy. One of the investigators (Dr. Caroline or Dr. Reilly) will obtain the consent. Before the biopsy, the doctor will identify the mass(es) using other modalities such as a ultrasound. The tactile imaging sensor operator will obtain the tactile images. Then the biopsy will be performed. Radiology doctor, resident, and radiology technologist are always present during the procedure. In addition a professional assistant from the engineering group will operate the tactile imaging sensor. That person will not have any physical contact with you. The procedure will be very similar to the ultrasound device.

The images will be analyzed by the investigators.
Anemia has occurred in NSAID-treated patients. This may be due to occult or gross blood loss, fluid retention, or an incompletely described effect upon erythropoiesis. If a patient treated with CAMBIA has any signs or symptoms of anemia, monitor hemoglobin or hematocrit.

NSAIDs, including CAMBIA, may increase the risk of bleeding events. Concomitant use of warfarin and other anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents (e.g., aspirin), and serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) may increase this risk. Monitor these patients and any patient who may be adversely affected by alterations in platelet function for signs of bleeding [see Drug Interactions (7)].
The Attention Control group will receive an educational intervention via a journal in which to record their clinic appointments, and standardized American Cancer Society pamphlets which have been adjusted to fit within the journal binding for easy reference. At each data collection encounter, the intervention research assistant will discuss the information in each pamphlet, allowing time for questions related to the material. The educational materials consist of 1) Emotions and Breast Cancer; 2) Body Image and Sexuality After Breast Cancer; 3) Follow up Care After Breast Cancer Treatment; 4) Nutrition and Cancer. Sessions last approximately 45-60 minutes and occur at the same intervals as the intervention group and will precede data collection. Attention Control group participants will receive telephone calls every other week which will entail a social visit and reminder of data collection/attention intervention appointments to further equalize contact.
Generlac Solution (Lactulose Solution, USP) is a synthetic disaccharide in solution form for oral or rectal administration. Each 15 mL of Generlac Solution contains:10 g lactulose (and less than 1.6 g galactose, less than 1.2 g lactose, less than 0.8 g epilactose and 0.1 g or less of fructose). The pH range is between 2.5 and 6.5. 

Generlac Solution is a colonic acidifier for treatment and prevention of portal-systemic encephalopathy.

The chemical name for lactulose is 4- O\- β-D-galactopyranosyl-D-fructofuranose. It has the following structural formula: 

The molecular weight is 342.30. It is freely soluble in water.
A fibre conditioning compsn. comprises a cationic surface active fluid conditioning agent, a normally solid water insoluble poly-lower alkylene and/or oxidised poly-lower alkylene and a stabiliser for such polymer which makes the polymer water dispersible or emulsifiable in the presence of the cationic surface active fibre conditioning agent and water, the dispersed polymer increasing the fibre conditioning effect of the cationic surface active fibre conditioning agent. In the prepn. of the compsn.: a dispersion or emulsion of the water soluble components and adjuvants is formed in water at an elevated temp. pref. 70-90 deg.C, the fabric conditioning agent and normally solid polymer is dissolved or dispersed in the solubiliser at the elevated temp., and the two premixes are admixed at that temp. for 3 min. - 1 hr. On cooling it forms a stable, non-seperating, non-setting dispersion or emulsion of pH 6-7 and viscosity 1000-10,000 CPs, at 25 deg.C.
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are asymptomatic until they rupture, which carries an 80- 90% mortality. Therefore, AAA are surgically repaired when they reach 5.0 cm in women and 5.5cm in men. Despite advances to surgical technique and peri-operative care, open surgical repair still carries a high incidence of post-operative complications of 30-40%, and a long recovery period. This is largely because the surgery itself is major abdominal surgery, and these patients often have significant comorbidities and low functional status. Multimodal prehabilitation (MP) is a concept that uses the preoperative timeframe (between diagnosis and surgery) to optimize physical, nutritional, and emotional wellbeing to improve a patient's functional status and ability to withstand the stress of surgery. To date, there is no study evaluating the effect of MP on post-operative complications following open AAA repair.

The primary objective of this trial is to determine if MP will decrease complications as measured by the comprehensive complication index following open AAA repair compared to standard of care. This trial will also assess the effect of MP on functional capacity, hospital length of stay, 30-day mortality and health related quality of life, as well as to assess cost effectiveness, adherence, and fidelity to the intervention.
Asthma is a common disease that has a major impact on morbidity and health care costs. Although the prevalence and severity of asthma have increased over the last several decades, the specific causes remain unknown. One possible mechanism is a change in diet. Yet, epidemiological and interventional studies designed to identify a key nutrient or antioxidant vitamin that may be responsible for the increase in disease severity have produced inconsistent results. A recent pilot study showed a soy isoflavone supplement reduces exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and ex vivo LTC4 synthesis in patients with inadequately controlled asthma. This clinical trial is designed to test the novel hypothesis that dietary supplementation with soy isoflavones is an effective treatment in patients with poorly controlled asthma. The study will include 380 patients with low dietary soy intake, 12 years of age or older, who are taking either inhaled corticosteroids or leukotriene modifiers and have inadequately controlled asthma. Participants will be randomly assigned to treatment with either a soy isoflavone supplement (containing genistein, daidzein and glycitein; 100 mg daily of the glycoside forms) or placebo for six months. The results of this trial will increase understanding of the role of diet in asthma; could identify a novel, safe and relatively inexpensive treatment for patients with asthma; and potentially will have a substantial impact on public health in the United States.