anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Myositis International Health and Research Collaborative Alliance (MIHRA) is a newly formed purpose-built non-profit charitable research organization dedicated to accelerating international clinical trial readiness, global professional and lay education, career development and rare disease advocacy in IIM-related disorders. In its long form, the name expresses the community's scope of engagement and intent. In its abbreviation, MIHRA, conveys linguistic roots across many languages, that reflects the IIM community's spirit with meanings such as kindness, community, goodness, and peace. MIHRA unites the global multi-disciplinary community of adult and pediatric healthcare professionals, researchers, patient advisors and networks focused on conducting research in and providing care for pediatric and adult IIM-related disorders to ultimately find a cure. MIHRA serves as a resourced platform for collaborative efforts in investigator-initiated projects, consensus guidelines for IIM assessment and treatment, and IIM-specific career development through connecting research networks.MIHRA's infrastructure, mission, programming and operations are designed to address challenges unique to rare disease communities and aspires to contribute toward transformative models of rare disease research such as global expansion and inclusivity, utilization of community resources, streamlining ethics and data-sharing policies to facilitate collaborative research. Herein, summarises MIHRA operational cores, missions, vision, programming and provision of community resources to sustain, accelerate and grow global collaborative research in myositis-related disorders.
###  Oral Formulation (Capsules)

Pediatric patients, in general, need higher tacrolimus doses compared to adults: the higher dose requirements may decrease as the child grows older. Recommendations for the initial oral dosage for pediatric transplant patients and whole blood trough concentration range are shown in Table 3. Perform TDM to ensure that patients are within the ranges listed in Table 3.

For conversion of pediatric patients from tacrolimus for oral suspension to tacrolimus capsules or from tacrolimus capsules to tacrolimus for oral suspension, the total daily dose should remain the same. Following conversion from one formulation to another formulation of tacrolimus, therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended [see Dosage and Administration (2.6)].

Additional pediatric use information is approved for Astellas Pharma US, Inc.’s Prograf (tacrolimus) products. However, due to Astellas Pharma US, Inc.’s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that information.
The research was planned as a randomized experimental design with pre-test and post-test control groups. The research will be conducted in Kutahya, Turkey.

A total of seven online interviews will be conducted with the women in the experimental group, one of which is pre-test, one is the last interview where the post-tests are applied, and five of which are motivational. Women in the experimental group were interviewed every 2 weeks and the women will be followed up by phone/mail every 2 weeks. A total of two online interviews will be conducted with women in the control group, one of which is a pre-test interview and one is a final interview where post-tests are applied. No application will be made to women in the control group. All online calls to be made will be conducted via the WhatsApp application.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled composition capable of stabilizing the system while utilizing characteristics of a specific amino-modified organopolysiloxane emulsion and specific ampholytic surfactant, by using the above-mentioned ingredients together in a shampoo containing an anionic surfactant as a base. CONSTITUTION:The titled composition, obtained by blending (A) an amino- modified organopolysiloxane emulsion prepared by emulsifying a cyclic diorganotrialkoxysilane in water with a cationic surfactant, emulsion polymerizing the above-mentioned compound in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide as a catalyst and neutralizing the resultant polymer with an acid with (B) one or more ampholytic surfactants expressed by formulas I-III (R1 is average 10-20C fatty acid residue; R2 is H, Na, etc.; R3 is COOR4, etc.; R4 is H, Na, etc.; R5 and R8 are 10-20C alkyl; R6 is COOR7, etc.; R7 and R9 are H or Na; n is 2, 3 or 4; m is 2 or 3) and having excellent stability with time, moderate detergency without irritation and capable of providing natural gloss, smoothness, flexibility and excellent combing.
Endostar combined with Docetaxel for Advanced NSCLC: All eligible patients will receive Endostar in combination with Docetaxel chemotherapy for 2 cycles (21 days for each cycle) and cases of good response(CR+PR+SD) will continue treatment for 2 cycles. Endostar treatment will continue after completion of first 4 cycles until disease progression.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound of formula I (R<1> is 3-7C cycloalkyl which may be substituted, e.g., with lower alkyl; R<2> is H, benzyl) or its salt. EXAMPLE:Benzyl D-4-[N-(4-cyclopentylcarbonyloxy-3, 3-dimethyl-2-hydroxy-n-butylyl)amino]-n-butyrate. USE:Improver of cerebral metabolism and higher cerebral functions: it has low toxicity and high safety. It is converted in a living body into hopantenic acid and its concentration in brain or serum is higher and more durative than when calcium hopantenate is administered. PREPARATION:The reaction between a compound of formula II and a reactive derivative of a carboxylic acid of the formula: R<1>COOH such as acid halide gives the compound of formula I . The reaction is effected in an appropriate solvent in the presence or absence of an acid acceptor such as triethylamine.
Patients are randomized 2:1 to add tenofovir DF once daily or placebo to their existing antiretroviral regimen in a blinded manner. Patients are stratified according to HIV-1 RNA level, CD4 cell count, and number of antiretroviral drugs taken prior to study entry. Patients and physicians are strongly discouraged from making changes in their antiviral therapies for at least 24 weeks post-randomization. After Week 24, changes in background antiretroviral therapy are permitted. At 24 weeks post-randomization, patients randomized to receive placebo are crossed over to receive open-label tenofovir DF once daily for the remainder of the 48-week study. While on study drug, patients are monitored for safety using periodic physical examinations and serial laboratory tests. Additionally, changes in plasma HIV RNA levels and CD4 cell counts are monitored to assess antiviral efficacy. At the end of the 48-week study period, patients are rolled over into extended dosing until tenofovir DF is commercially available or Gilead Sciences terminates the study.
Transmural defects in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract are defined as a disruption or injury extending through all layers of the oesophageal or gastric wall. These defects can result from various causes, including anastomotic leakage (AL) after oesophago-gastric surgery, iatrogenic perforation, Boerhaave syndrome, or trauma. Transmural defects in the upper GI tract are associated with serious consequences, such as leakage of saliva, gastric contents, and bile into the mediastinum, triggering an inflammatory response. Untreated or inadequately managed mediastinitis can lead to serious morbidity, sepsis, and mortality. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment of these defects is crucial. There are several treatment options for transmural defects in the upper GI tract. Conservative management involves a nil by mouth protocol, antibiotics, and (percutaneous) drainage. Endoscopic treatments include self-expandable metallic stents (SEMS), through-the-scope clips, over-the-scope clips, suturing with overstitch, and most recently, endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT). Historically, SEMS has been the most used treatment option for transmural defects in the upper GI tract. However, persisting leakage and complications such as dislocation of the stent are not uncommon. Besides that, not all defects are suitable for stenting and additional percutaneous drainage is often necessary, but not always possible. Surgical treatment, such as a re-anastomosis or resection of the gastric conduit with construction of a cervical esophagostomy is generally required in severely septic patients. The choice of treatment depends on factors such as the location and size of the leakage, severity of symptoms, and presence of conduit ischemia or necrosis. In the past decade, EVT has been established as an effective and safe endoscopic treatment option, and it was found to be superior in terms of success rate in AL healing compared to other treatments. However, the implementation of EVT in clinical practice might be hindered by multiple challenges and questions regarding indications and techniques. This study aims to answer remaining questions and bundle expertise, to be able to determine the best indications and techniques of EVT, to reach the full potential of the treatment.
BACKGROUND: The severity, symptoms, and outcome of COVID-19 is thought to be closely linked to how the virus enters host cells. This process involves the key roles of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the Tyrosine protein kinase receptor UFO (AXL) receptors. However, there is limited research on the circulating levels of ACE2 and AXL and their implications in COVID-19.
METHODS: A control group of 71 uninfected individuals was also included in the study. According to the Guidance for Corona Virus Disease 2019 (10th edition), a cohort of 358 COVID-19 patients were categorized into non-severe and severe cases. Serum ACE2/AXL levels in COVID-19 patients were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at different time points post-COVID-19 infection, including days 0-7, 8-15, 31-179 and >180 days. Serum SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM antibodies in COVID-19 patients at the same intervals were assessed by using an iFlash 3000 Chemiluminescence Immunoassay Analyzer. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the diagnostic value of the biological markers, and the association between laboratory parameters and illness progression were explored.
RESULTS: Compared with the uninfected group, the levels of ACE2 and AXL in the COVID-19 group were decreased, and the SARS-COV-2 IgG level was increased. AXL (AUC = 0.774) demonstrated a stronger predictive ability for COVID-19 than ACE2. In the first week after infection, only the level of AXL was statistically different between severe group and non-severe group. After first week, the levels of ACE2 and AXL were different in two groups. Moreover, in severe COVID-19 cases, the serum ACE2, AXL, and SARS-COV-2 IgM levels reached a peak during days 8-15 before declining, whereas serum SARS-COV-2 IgG levels continued to rise, reaching a peak at day 31-180 days before decreasing. In addition, the AXL level continued to decrease and the SARS-COV-2 IgG level continued to increase in the infected group after 180 days compared to the uninfected group.
CONCLUSIONS: The levels of serum ACE2 and AXL correlate with COVID-19 severity. However, AXL can also provide early warning of clinical deterioration in the first week after infection. AXL appears to be a superior potential molecular marker for predicting COVID-19 progression.
PURPOSE: To manufacture concentrated and dried powder from a soln. of a dispersion at a low temp. in a short time without freezing the soln., by combining a vacuum vaporizer of the soln. or the dispersion and an operation for injecting dry gas.  
     CONSTITUTION: A soln. to be treated is charged into a drier 3 and the drier 3 is evacuated to 1W160mm Hg by the operation of a vacuum pump 6 with a valve 14 opened to evaporate solvent. Before the soln. freezes, a dry gas of a dew point 0W-75°C is fed to the drier 3 with the valve 14 closed and a valve 8 opened. When the press. of the drier 3 returned to ordinary press., the drier 3 is evacuated by the  vacuum pump 6 with the valve 8 closed and the valve 14 opened once again to  evaporate the solvent. The operation is repeated or conducted at the same time.  The dried powder product thereby obtained is delivered through a valve 13 to a  tank 7. This method makes it possible to manufacture dry powder product from  viscous material. 
     COPYRIGHT: (C)1980,JPO&Japio
The invention relates to an efficient long-acting sustained-release preparation of slightly soluble medicine. The preparation comprises the following components: solid dispersion of the slightly soluble medicine, slightly soluble medicine carrying silicon dioxide nano particles, sustained-release matrix material, and release accelerator. The mass ratio of the components is as follows: solid dispersion of the slightly soluble medicine: slightly soluble medicine carrying silicon dioxide nano particles: sustained-release matrix material: release accelerator is 1:(0.5-1.25):(0.1-0.3):(0.1-0.3), the solid dispersion of the slightly soluble medicine contains polyvidone K30, soya lecithin and acrylic resin No. iv, and the mass ratio of the medicine and other auxiliary materials is as follows: slightly soluble medicine: polyvidone K30: soya lecithin: acrylic resin No. iv is 1:(1-3):(0.3-0.8):(0.2-0.5). The half-life in vivo of the high-efficient long-acting slightly soluble medicine preparation is prolonged by 2.3-14.8 times, the MRT is prolonged by 7.94-4.52 times, the drug release curve of the slightly soluble medicine in the body of a Beagle dog shows that the release is steady, and the 72-hour long-acting sustained-release effect is realized. The invention also discloses the preparation method thereof.
Prescribers or other health professionals should inform patients, their families, and their caregivers about the benefits and risks associated with treatment with trazodone and should counsel them in its appropriate use. A patient Medication Guide about “Antidepressant Medicines, Depression and other Serious Mental Illnesses, and Suicidal Thoughts or Actions” is available for trazodone. The prescriber or health professional should instruct patients, their families, and their caregivers to read the Medication Guide and should assist them in understanding its contents. Patients should be given the opportunity to discuss the contents of the Medication Guide and to obtain answers to any questions they may have. The complete text of the Medication Guide is reprinted at the end of this document.

Patients should be advised of the following issues and asked to alert their prescriber if these occur while taking trazodone.
This protocol describes the screening process used by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA IRP) to assess potential research participants' eligibility for entering protocols of the NIDA/IRP. Through its clinical research protocols, the IRP attempts to: elucidate the nature of drug abuse and addiction; determine the potential use of new therapies, both pharmacological and psychosocial; and decipher the long-term effects of drugs of abuse on the development, maturation, function, and structure of the brain and other organ systems. In support of the IRP's' work, the scientific goal of this screening protocol is to assess potential research participants' eligibility for the IRP's research studies. Screening will include medical and psychological tests and procedures. The data collected during screening are a unique and valuable source of information that aids in the IRP's mission. Therefore, a secondary goal of this protocol is to obtain data that characterizes the population of subjects contacting the IRP about research participation and to analyze data so obtained, such as that on the prevalence and co-occurrence of pregnancy, HIV/AIDS, viral hepatitis, and related diseases. The population screened includes male and female adults age \>= 18. Screening procedures include standard medical and psychological tests and procedures are minimal risk. There is no direct benefit to subjects. Participants are paid for undergoing the screening process.

Most genetics data will be collected under the aegis of other protocols and will be compared with data collected under this study. Some studies require genotyping to be done as part of screening. Those DNA samples will be stored so that if active or returning participants are screened for future studies requiring genotyping during screening an additional blood draw will not be required.
The purpose of this protocol, based on the hypothesis that human hand-use preference (handedness) is largely dependent on the action of a single locus, is to collect samples allowing us to map a "handedness gene" via detection of linkage to any of eight potential candidate genes/regions or via a whole or partial genome scan. We calculate that a full 300 marker genome scan of 100 parents and sibling pairs (allowing linkage analysis at 10 cM resolution), or the equivalent amount of data from partial scans of 300 families, has a high likelihood of allowing us to map the proposed gene. Eligible families, consisting of pairs of left-handed siblings plus at least one right-handed parent, were identified during Phase I of this study in 1996-1998, with approval from the now-lapsed FCRDC IRB. In Phase II of this study, we have collected cheek swab samples for DNA isolation from members of 100 eligible families for use in the mapping studies. DNA samples will not be linked back to individuals but grouped under a random family code that links to a database with limited information, including hand use preference and family structure. In the next phase, we wish to map the locus from cheek swab samples we have on hand.
OBJECTIVE: Heterotopic pancreas, an uncommon condition in children, can present with diagnostic and treatment challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features and treatment options for this disorder in pediatric patients.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis, including patients diagnosed with heterotopic pancreas at four tertiary hospitals between January 2000 and June 2022. Patients were categorized into symptomatic and asymptomatic groups based on clinical presentation. Clinical parameters, including age at surgery, lesion size and site, surgical or endoscopic approach, pathological findings, and outcome, were statistically analyzed.
RESULTS: The study included 88 patients with heterotopic pancreas. Among them, 22 were symptomatic, and 41 were aged one year or younger. The heterotopic pancreas was commonly located in Meckel's diverticulum (46.59%), jejunum (20.45%), umbilicus (10.23%),ileum (7.95%), and stomach (6.82%). Sixty-six patients had concomitant diseases. Thirty-three patients had heterotopic pancreas located in the Meckel's diverticulum, with 80.49% of cases accompanied by gastric mucosa heterotopia (GMH). Patients without accompanying GMH had a higher prevalence of heterotopic pancreas-related symptoms (75%). Treatment modalities included removal of the lesions by open surgery, laparoscopic or laparoscopic assisted surgery, or endoscopic surgery based on patient's age, the lesion site and size, and coexisting diseases.
CONCLUSIONS: Only one-fourth of the patients with heterotopic pancreas presented with symptoms. Those located in the Meckel's diverticulum have commonly accompanying GMH. Open surgical, laparoscopic surgical or endoscopic resection of the heterotopic pancreas is recommended due to potential complications. Future prospective multicenter studies are warranted to establish rational treatment options.
BACKGROUND: Aotearoa New Zealand plans to greatly reduce tobacco retail outlets, which are concentrated in areas of higher deprivation and perpetuate health inequities caused by smoking and borne particularly by Māori. However, we lack in-depth analyses of how this measure could affect people who smoke.
METHODS: We undertook in-depth interviews with 24 adults from two urban areas who smoke. We used a novel interactive mapping approach to examine participants' current retail outlets and their views on a scenario where very few outlets would sell tobacco. To inform policy implementation, we probed participants' anticipated responses and explored the measure's wider implications, including unintended impacts. We used qualitative description to interpret the data.
RESULTS: Most participants anticipated accommodating the changes easily, by using alternative outlets or bulk-purchasing tobacco; however, they felt others would face access problems and increased costs, and greater stress. They thought the policy would spur quit attempts, reduce relapse among people who had quit and protect young people from smoking uptake, and expected more people to switch to alternative nicotine products. However, most foresaw unintended social outcomes, such as increased crime and reduced viability of local businesses.
CONCLUSIONS: Many participants hoped to become smoke-free and thought retail reduction measures would prompt quit attempts and reduce relapse. Adopting a holistic well-being perspective, such as those developed by Māori, could address concerns about unintended adverse outcomes and provide comprehensive support to people who smoke as they adjust to a fundamental change in tobacco availability.
BACKGROUND: In addition to evaluate the morphologic characteristics of intracranial aneurysms, the dimension of the aneurysm is an important parameter for selecting treatment strategies, determining follow-up period, and predicting the risk of rupture. High-resolution vessel wall imaging has an increasingly dominant role in measuring aneurysm size and assessing the risk of rupture accurately. The size of saccular intracranial aneurysm may play an important role as a predictor of the rupture risk. With the rapid improvement in radiological techniques, different noninvasive imaging methods have respective characteristics in saccular intracranial aneurysms (sIA) measurement and morphologic description. Although most studies believe that the larger the aneurysm, the higher the risk of rupture, there is still a synergistic effect of multiple factors (such as location, morphology, history of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, and even patient factors) to explain the rupture of small aneurysms.
METHODS: A literature search was performed of intracranial aneurysm size and risk of rupture.
RESULTS: The specificity and sensitivity of different imaging methods for evaluating intracranial aneurysms varied based on sizes. Rupture risk of aneurysms was associated with multiple factors. A comprehensive assessment that considered aneurysm size in conjunction with other relevant factors would be helpful in guiding options of management.
CONCLUSIONS: Accurate measurement of the dimension of sIA is an important basis in the selection of appropriate treatment including intravascular intervention or surgical clipping, as well as for determining the follow-up cycles for conservative or postoperative treatment. A uniform definition of sIA size is recommended to facilitate the integration of similar studies and to accomplish rapid and effective screening of cases in sIA treatment.
Patients receive methotrexate IV over 2-3 minutes, vinblastine IV, doxorubicin hydrochloride IV, and cisplatin IV over 4 hours on day 1. Pegfilgrastim at 6 mg is given once 24-48 hours after completion of chemotherapy. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 4 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients without metastatic disease undergo nephroureterectomy and lymph node dissection 21-60 days after completion of chemotherapy.