anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Direct contact may be an option for supporting disclosure in families with hereditary cancer risk. In this qualitative interview study, we explored how healthy at-risk relatives experience receiving a letter with information about hereditary cancer directly from healthcare rather than via a relative. The study is part of an ongoing multicentre randomised clinical trial in Sweden that evaluates the effectiveness of direct letters from cancer genetics clinics to at-risk relatives. After conducting semi-structured interviews with 14 relatives who had received a letter and contacted the clinic, we analysed the data using thematic analysis. The relatives had different levels of prior knowledge about the hereditary cancer assessment. Many had been notified by family that a letter was coming but some had not. Overall, these participants believed healthcare-mediated disclosure could complement family-mediated disclosure. They expressed that the letter and the message raised concerns and a need for counselling, and they wanted healthcare to be accessible and informed when making contact. The participants found the message easier to cope with when they had been notified by a family member beforehand, with a general attitude that notifying relatives was the appropriate step to take. They thought healthcare should help patients with the disclosure process but also guard the right of at-risk relatives to be informed. The findings support a direct approach from healthcare as a possible complement to an established model of family-mediated risk disclosure, but implementation must be made within existing frameworks of good practice for genetic counselling.
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, Confusion, Urea, Respiratory Rate, Blood Pressure, and Age Above or Below 65 Years (CURB-65), and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II in predicting the in-hospital mortality of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). This retrospective study was conducted on 1583 hospitalized patients diagnosed with AECOPD from 2017 to 2019. Appropriate clinical data were retrieved from medical records from the time of admission up until the patients were discharged. The patients' most severe physiological condition and laboratory data within the first 24 hours of admission were used to determine CURB-65, Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, and APACHE II scores. The accuracy of these 3 instruments in predicting the in-hospital mortality of patients with AECOPD was compared. It was observed that patients who had died had significantly higher APACHE II and CURB-65 scores (P < .05). Binary logistic regression analysis confirmed their significant association with mortality. The APACHE II score had a sensitivity of 91.6% and a specificity of 89.2%, while CURB-65 had a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 67.2%. The receiver operating characteristic curves for APACHE II and CURB-65 showed high predictive accuracy (area under the curve, 0.965 and 0.882, P < .001), respectively. Mortality rates substantially increased with higher scores (P < .001), reaching 38.2% for APACHE II scores ≥16 and 15.8% for CURB-65 scores ≥2. Our findings reveal a clear link between higher mortality rates and higher APACHE II and CURB-65 scores. The receiver operating characteristic curves' strong predictive ability highlights the dependability of these scoring systems in assessing the risk of in-hospital mortality, making them useful tools for predicting the outcomes in critical care.
The aim of the PDA study is to assess the efficacy and safety of different delayed antibiotic prescribing strategies, compared to direct antibiotic treatment and no antibiotic treatment, for the treatment of non-complicated acute respiratory infections, in terms of symptoms duration and severity. Moreover, antibiotic consumption, patient satisfaction, efficacy perception and number of medical visits will be also assessed for each therapeutic strategy.

The PDA is a multicentric study, parallel, randomised controlled trial to compare four antibiotic prescribing strategies in the non-complicated acute respiratory tract infections. The trial will include acute pharyngitis and/or acute tonsillitis, rhinosinusitis, acute bronchitis and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with (mild to moderate) in adults. The expected number of patients to be included in this trial is 600. Therapeutic strategies include: direct antibiotic treatment, no antibiotic treatment, and two delayed antibiotic prescribing strategies (prescription given to patient with advice to use a course of antibiotics if needed in case of worsening of symptoms or not improving, and prescription left at the reception of the primary care center 3 days after the first medical visit). Follow-up period will be one month. The primary outcome will be symptom duration and severity. Other outcomes included will be use of antibiotics, patient satisfaction, perception of antibiotic efficacy, complications, and number of medical visits.
The clinical psychologist will use an ST approach that resembles client-centered therapy of Carl Rogers (1951) which has been used as a control psychotherapy. The manual is based on supportive psychotherapy principles. Over a 12-week period sessions will emphasize reflective listening and elicitation of affect. In contrast to CBT, therapists allow patients to determine the focus of each session, pulling for emotion, validating emotions when possible, and offering empathetic comments. Therapists will refrain from delineating any CBT theoretical framework and avoided cognitive and behavioral techniques that might overlap with CBT.
The sweet taste receptor, TAS1R2-TAS1R3, is expressed both orally, where it signals sweet taste, and extraorally in the intestine and pancreas, where it may affect glucose absorption and metabolism. Lactisole is a well characterized negative allosteric modulator of the transmembrane domain of T1R3. Lactisole binds with a phenylpropionic acid moiety. More recently, ibuprofen and naproxen, which are similar to lactisole in structure, have been identified to inhibit human T1R3 when heterologously expressed in cells. In the present study, the initial objective was to determine if ibuprofen and naproxen inhibit interactions of sugars with human sweet taste receptor under normal, physiological conditions. Ten healthy participants were asked to rate sweetness intensity for a range of sweet stimuli (sucrose, fructose, sucralose) after a prerinse of ibuprofen, naproxen or water. Both ibuprofen and naproxen inhibited sweet taste intensity in a dose-dependent manner. The experiment was repeated in vitro with TAS1R2-TAS1R3 expressing human cells, with ibuprofen reducing signaling of sucrose and sucralose. To explore ibuprofen's potential connection with glucose signaling and metabolism, the investigators next tested whether prerinses of lower concentrations of ibuprofen including a typical peak plasma concentrations (0.18 mM, 0.57 mM and 5.7 mM), would affect sweet taste intensity ratings of lower levels of glucose. Ibuprofen inhibited glucose sweetness in a dose dependent manner. Finally, the investigators tested whether prerinses of 0.12 mM and 0.24 mM ibuprofen (resulting from ingestion of two or three 200 mg pills respectively) affects detection thresholds of glucose, which are concentrations nearing post-prandial plasma glucose levels. Detection thresholds were significantly higher after rinsing with 0.24 mM ibuprofen compared to water rinses (p\<0.01, n=12). In association studies, ibuprofen use has been linked to preserved metabolic function, as its use is correlated with lower rates of Alzheimer's disease, diabetes and colon cancer. Here the investigators present a potential novel pathway for systemic ibuprofen to impact these metabolic diseases.
High-fat diet (HFD) contributes to neuroinflammation forming, hence it is crucial to find safe and effective substances that are able to counteract its progress. The anti-inflammatory properties of phytocannabinoids acquired from the Cannabis plant have been widely acknowledged. We evaluated the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) treatment on induced by applying HFD early stages of neuroinflammation in Wistar rat cerebral cortex. In our 7-week experiment, CBD was injected intraperitoneally over the last 14days at a dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight once a day. The level of arachidonic acid, a precursor to pro-inflammatory eicosanoids, decreased in all analysed lipid classes after CBD administration to the HFD group. Moreover, the extent of diminishing the activity of the omega-6 (n-6) fatty acid pathway by CBD was the greatest in diacylglycerols and phospholipids. Surprisingly, CBD was also capable of downregulating the activity of the omega-3 (n-3) pathway. The expression of enzymes involved in the synthesis of the eicosanoids was significantly increased in the HFD group and subsequently lowered by CBD. Significant changes in various cytokines levels were also discovered. Our results strongly suggest the ability of CBD to reduce the formation of lipid inflammation precursors in rat cerebral cortex, as a primary event in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. This can raise hopes for the future use of this cannabinoid for therapeutic purposes since it is a substance lacking lasting and severe side effects.
The present invention involves a mutant Pseudomonas exotoxin having alterations in domain I. A first alteration includes an amino acid, dipeptide, tripeptide or tetrapeptide insertion in domain I of Pseudomonas exotoxin. This insertion attenuates eukaryotic cell binding while allowing substantial prokaryotic secretion, ADP ribosylation activity and eukaryotic membrane translocation. A second alteration involves a cysteine substitution in a surface residue of exotoxin domain I. This substitution is preferably on a side opposite to domains II and III of the exotoxin. The latter substitution allows attachment of a carrier molecule by a disulfide or thioether linkage. Attachment of carriers such as monoclonal antibodies results in immunotoxins having the binding specificity of the antibody rather than the native exotoxin.
Patients receive PCV 20 IM at week 0 and PSV23 IM at week 8. Titers will be checked 4 weeks after the first dose and at 12 weeks (4 weeks after the second dose). Booster Vaccine: None. Annual titers will be checked for 5 years.
PURPOSE:A plasmid for expressing fused protein having tryptophan promoter/ operator sequence and leader sequence and part of tryptophan E structure gene and further multi-purpose cloning sites linked to the part of the gene. CONSTITUTION:A plasmid containing tryptophan promoter/operator sequence and leader sequence and part of tryptophan E structure gene, and having multi- purpose plural cloning sites linked to the tryptophan E, e.g. pBR322-trpEm, etc. The plasmid can be used as a vector for expressing fused protein utilizing the cloning sites. Thus, physiologically active peptides, e.g. beta-endorphin or cardionatrin, can be produced with a high expression efficiency.
PURPOSE:To obtain the subject safe and effective suppressant containing at least one kind selected from vitamin D3 and its derivatives. CONSTITUTION:This synovial proliferation suppressant comprises at least one kind selected from vitamin D3 and its derivatives. Vitamin D3, which is the main component constituting vitamin Ds found in foods such as fish liver, fish meat, butter or yolk, is isolated from these foods. Also, vitamin D3, when taken in vivo, is metabolized into activated type 1,25-hydroxycholecalciferol and exhibits physiological activity. The therapeutic agent for chronic articular pheumatism contains this preparation as active ingredient. The does of this therapheutic agent is >=0.0125-1.0mug a day per adult in terms of vitamin D3 or its derivative.
Mediterranean diets may be neuroprotective and prevent cognitive decline relative to Western diets; however, the underlying biology is poorly understood. We assessed the effects of Western versus Mediterranean-like diets on RNAseq-generated transcriptional profiles in lateral temporal cortex and their relationships with longitudinal changes in neuroanatomy, circulating monocyte gene expression, and observations of social isolation and anxiety in 38 socially-housed, middle-aged female cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Diet resulted in differential expression of seven transcripts (FDR < 0.05). Cyclin dependent kinase 14 (CDK14), a proinflammatory regulator, was lower in the Mediterranean group. The remaining six transcripts [i.e., "lunatic fringe" (LFNG), mannose receptor C type 2 (MRC2), solute carrier family 3 member 2 (SLCA32), butyrophilin subfamily 2 member A1 (BTN2A1), katanin regulatory subunit B1 (KATNB1), and transmembrane protein 268 (TMEM268)] were higher in cortex of the Mediterranean group and generally associated with anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective pathways. KATNB1 encodes a subcomponent of katanin, important in maintaining microtubule homeostasis. BTN2A1 is involved in immunomodulation of γδ T-cells which have anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effects. CDK14, LFNG, MRC2, and SLCA32 are associated with inflammatory pathways. The latter four differentially expressed cortex transcripts were associated with peripheral monocyte transcript levels, neuroanatomical changes determined by MRI, and with social isolation and anxiety. These results provide important insights into the potential mechanistic processes linking diet, peripheral and central inflammation, and behavior. Collectively, our results provide evidence that, relative to Western diets, Mediterranean diets confer protection against peripheral and central inflammation which is reflected in preserved brain structure and socioemotional behavior. Ultimately, such protective effects may confer resilience to the development of neuropathology and associated disease.
Traditional flotation therapy (Float-REST; Flotation Restricted Environmental Stimulation Therapy) uses sensory deprivation tanks that consist of a very large warm water enclosure with a high concentration of Epsom salt to create a completely buoyant environment. This, along with a combination of temperature that is kept equal to skin temperature (94 degrees), allows the participant to eliminate the gravitational effects on the body, and along with lack of sound and low to no light (depending on comfort) allows the brain and body to completely relax for augmented physical and mental recovery. Provided the growing understanding that sleep quality and quantity are at the forefront of ensuring optimal human performance states, compounded by the deleterious effects of high stress and anxiety on sleep, utilizing flotation therapy as a mechanism for enhancing sleep requires further investigation. In addition to the traditional Float- REST, there have been developments in newer technologies that enhance the convenience of receiving these proposed benefits; Zerobody Dry Float technology (www.Zerobody.com) rids the need for multiple showers by its user, frequent water treatments, and extensive maintenance experienced with traditional flotation environments. However, research is still needed to assess how this recovery modality compares to traditional Float-REST.

To assess whether traditional (Float-REST) or simulated (Dry Float) flotation therapy positively influences sleep and perceptual recovery, participants will undergo a crossover study. Over the course of 9 weeks, participants will alternate Float-REST and Dry Float in 3 week segments with a 1 week break in-between to gather baseline data (known as the testing battery). In addition, testing battery data will be collected at weeks 1 and 9. The order in which participants begin their crossover study, either Float-REST or Dry Float, will be randomly assigned. All participants may wear a fitness tracker and a sleep monitoring ring worn on the finger for the duration of the study. In addition, daily, per session, and pre/post-study questionnaires will be submitted via a smartphone application.
A process for removing disinfectant dye such as methylene blue from blood, a liquid blood fraction or other perishable liquid to which disinfectant dye has been added. The process employs a filter of polyvinyl alcohol-acetal copolymer. This material shows exceptional avidity for disinfectant dyes, readily removing them from blood or blood fractions while having little or no effect on subsequent chemicals analysis of the treated material. The filter material is a porous matrix that releases no particles or fines into the blood product, and its white color readily shows the capture of the blue dye. Disinfectant dyes are used to extend the shelf life of platelet concentrates with the dyes being removed by a PVAA filter prior to transfusion into a patient. Also, triglycerides may also be removed from plasma or other solutions by passage through a porous matrix of poly(vinyl alcohol-acetal) copolymer.
Systems and methods are described for automatically identifying an anatomical landmark in a medical image according to local preferences associated with a particular clinical site. A medical image for performing a medical procedure is received. An anatomical landmark is identified in the medical image using a pre-trained machine learning algorithm. Feedback relating to the identified anatomical landmark is received from a user associated with a particular clinical site. The feedback is received during a normal workflow for performing the medical procedure. The pre-trained machine learning algorithm is retrained based on the received feedback such that the retrained machine learning algorithm is trained according to local preferences associated with the particular clinical site.
Improper drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the ventricles of the brain can give rise to increased intracranial pressure and hydrocephalus. The resulting distortions of the brain tissue can result in cognitive impairment and other forms of neurological damage. Recent studies suggest that one of the major causes of improper CSF drainage is reduced or obstructed drainage into the nasal lymphatic system through the cribriform plate. The use of intranasal compositions comprising a lymphatic flow enhancer (such as compounds that enhance lymphatic pumping activity or dialate lymphatic ducts) is therefore disclosed herein as a treatment for hydrocephalus and other disorders arising from insufficient CSF clearance. In preferred embodiments, the lymphatic flow enhancer is selected from the group consisting of noradrenaline, thromboxane A2, U46619, prostaglandin E2, and. L-NG-monomethyl arginine (L-NMMA).
A system for electronic patient care includes a network, a facility gateway, a device gateway application and a medical device. The facility gateway is configured to provide a publish-subscribe service for an application. The device gateway application is configured for execution by the facility gateway. The device gateway is configured to communicate via the network by providing a web service. The medical device is in operative communication with the network. The medical device is configured to communicate with the device gateway using the web service.
On December 31, 2019, an outbreak of respiratory illness later proved to be caused by a novel coronavirus, officially named Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), was notified first in Wuhan, a city of Hubei province, People's Republic of China (PRC). COVID-19 rapidly spreads in China and to other parts of the world. Currently more than 370,000 laboratory-confirmed cases have been reported worldwide, and the case count has been rising daily, and caused a global health emergency. As of March 29, 2020, there were 298 confirmed cases in Taiwan.

This is a multi-center, randomized, open-label, controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate (HCQ) in adult Patients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease (COVID-19) compared to standard of care treatment (SOC). The primary endpoint for the study is to evaluate the efficacy of HCQ, with respect to the time to negatively rRT-PCR assessments from the randomization date up to 14 days. The secondary endpoint is to evaluate the efficacy of HCQ in the aspect of virological assessments and the change of clinical symptoms. In addition, the safety and tolerability of HCQ will be evaluated during treatment period in COVID-19 patients.
If MRD confirmed negativity at both of the two timepoints (Time point 1: blood draw from the 3rd day to 7th day post operation. Time point 2: blood draw on the 28th day post operation), patients would receive ctDNA MRD monitoring.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare daily and total recreational music exposure levels and extended-spectrum audiogram results in young adults without pre-existing hearing problems.
DESIGN: The study included healthy volunteers aged 18-25 with no known ear disease or hearing loss. Participants completed a questionnaire, underwent otoscopic and tympanometric examinations, and determined preferred music volumes in an audiometry booth using calibrated music samples of their preferred genres. Hearing thresholds up to 16 kiloHertz (kHz) were measured. Daily music exposure for each participant was normalized to 8 h to calculate a time-weighted average of 8 h (TWA8). Total exposure (TE) was calculated by multiplying TWA8 by the number of years of music listening.
RESULTS: A total of 32.4% of participants had TWA8s above 65 dB. Their hearing thresholds at 125, 250, 500, and 16,000 Hz and the average of 125 Hz-8 kHz were significantly higher. Participants with TWA8s above 65 dB were also more prone to speaking loudly and experiencing communication difficulties on the phone. Those with a TE of more than 400 experienced significantly more speech discrimination difficulty in noisy environments and temporary hearing loss/tinnitus after exposure to loud music. Participants with a TE above 700 had worse thresholds at 4, 14, and 16 kHz frequencies, as well as 125-8000 Hz and 500-4000 Hz averages compared to those with a TE below 700.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence that recreational music with much lower exposure levels than the universally accepted TWA8 of 85 dB could negatively impact hearing in healthy young adults. Therefore, maintaining a maximum TWA8 of 65 dB is recommended.
Tolterodine tartrate extended-release capsules 2 mg were evaluated in 29 patients in a Phase 2 dose-effect study. Tolterodine tartrate extended-release capsules 4 mg was evaluated for the treatment of overactive bladder with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence and frequency in a randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter, double-blind, Phase 3, 12-week study. A total of 507 patients received tolterodine tartrate extended-release capsules 4 mg once daily in the morning and 508 received placebo. The majority of patients were Caucasian (95%) and female (81%), with a mean age of 61 years (range, 20 to 93 years). In the study, 642 patients (42%) were 65 to 93 years of age. The study included patients known to be responsive to tolterodine immediate release and other anticholinergic medications, however, 47% of patients never received prior pharmacotherapy for overactive bladder. At study entry, 97% of patients had at least 5 urge incontinence episodes per week and 91% of patients had 8 or more micturitions per day. 

The primary efficacy assessment was change in mean number of incontinence episodes per week at week 12 from baseline. Secondary efficacy measures included change in mean number of micturitions per day and mean volume voided per micturition at week 12 from baseline. 

Patients treated with tolterodine tartrate extended-release capsules experienced a statistically significant decrease in number of urinary incontinence per week from baseline to last assessment (week 12) compared with placebo as well as a decrease in the average daily urinary frequency and an increase in the average urine volume per void. 

Mean change from baseline in weekly incontinence episodes, urinary frequency, and volume voided between placebo and tolterodine tartrate extended-release capsules are summarized in Table 4.