anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Viruses are the most common etiological agents of diarrhea in children. Despite rotavirus vaccine introduction, rotavirus remains as the leading cause of death globally, followed by norovirus, which represents a diagnostic challenge. Here, we describe new advances in the diagnosis and management of viral diarrheas.
RECENT FINDINGS: Although immunoassays are widely used for their fast turnaround time and low cost, molecular techniques have become the most reliable diagnostic method due to their high sensitivity and capacity to analyze multiple pathogens in gastrointestinal panels. Isothermal nucleic acid amplification assays (LAMP and RPA) are promising techniques since they do not require sophisticated equipment and can be used as point-of-care testing. CRISPR/Cas nucleic acid detection systems are new diagnostic methods with great potential. Several recent published articles describe the role of human intestinal enteroids to characterize norovirus infection, to test new drugs, and for vaccine development. The interaction between the human gut microbiota and gastrointestinal viral infections has been extensively reviewed and offers some innovative mechanisms for therapeutic and preventive measures.
SUMMARY: Although important advances have been made, more research is needed to address remaining challenges and further improve diagnostic capabilities and better management strategies for this critical infectious disease.
PURPOSE:To make it possible to find hepatic disease in the early period by detecting the single-stranded human hepatocyte growth factor of the inactive type in human body fluid. CONSTITUTION:The single-stranded human hepatocyte growth factor of the inactive type (HGF) contained in human body fluid, e.g. blood, plasma, lymph, sweat, urine or the like, is detected by using antibody. The single-stranded HGF is the precursor of double-stranded HGF (active type). In this detection, any of the following methods is used: only the single-stranded HGF is specificaly detected; or the total sum of the single-stranded HGF and the double-stranded HGF is detected and the double-stranded HGF is subtracted. The antibodies for the single-stranded HGF and the double-stranded HGF are used for both methods. As the antibody, any of polyclonal antibody and monoclonal antibody can be used. The antibody is marked with enzyme such as, e.g. horseradish peroxidase and provided for enzyme immunoassay. The single-stranded HGF is not present in a healthy person and presents only in patients of acute, chronic, fluminant hepatitis, cirrhosis or the like. Therefore, the hepatic disease can be found at the early period.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled food containing all the medicinal components of fruit body of Cortinellus shiitake, having high nutritive value, and improved digestion, by inoculating a seed koji mold into a mixed culture medium containing the fruit body of Cortinellus shiitake as a base ingredient, fermenting it to give a fermented culture medium, pulverizing or granulating the fermented culture medium itself. CONSTITUTION:For example, 50pts.wt. powder of fruit body of Cortinellus shiitake is blended with 50pts.wt. raw sugar, the blend is sprayed with 40- 50pts.wt. (7.6pH) water, contains water, and aged at 20 deg.C for 20hr. The aged material is sterilized, blended with 5pts.wt. powdered bones and 17pts.wt. glucose, dispersed uniformly to give a culture medium, to which 0.3-0.8pts.wt. seed koji mold is uniformly dispersed, it is fermented in a closed fermentation tank at 38-40 deg.C for about 40hr, the prepared fermented material is pulverized or granulated to give the desired product.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular plaque blockage diseases and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines. According to the records of "practical Chinese medicine dictionary": the medicinal materials of ginseng, peony, chinese taxillus twig, dioscorea nipponica makino, trichosanthes kirilowii maxim, corydalis tuber, angelica, safflower and saffron have the functions of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, enriching and nourishing blood, expanding blood vessels of coronary arteries of heart, increasing nutrient blood flow, promoting substance metabolism in blood and heart pumping blood, and the formula can strengthen the efficacy by combining the components. The medicines such as pubescent holly root, kudzuvine root, buckeye seed, ginkgo leaf, salvia miltiorrhiza and pseudo-ginseng expand cerebral arterial blood vessels, promote nutrient blood flow in cerebral vessels and promote the metabolism of nutrient substances in blood. The two medicinal materials are combined and the prescription is combined, so that the potency of the medicine is improved and enhanced unprecedentedly. The preparation is suitable for treating diseases caused by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular plaque blockage. The preparation has short treatment time and rapid onset of drug action. And the preparation can help patients avoid heart bypass and heart stent operation after being taken, thereby saving medical resources.
PURPOSE: An oriental medicine material extract containing eugenol derivatives and a method for preparing the same are provided to ensure antioxidation, anti-aging, and anti-inflammation. CONSTITUTION: A method for preparing steam distillation extract of oriental medicine materials comprises: a step of drying herb medicines and adding distilled water; a step of adding ether and isolating with a steam distillation device; and a step of decompressing. A functional composition for antioxidation or antiaging contains the extract as an active ingredient. A functional composition for anti-inflammation contains the extract as an active ingredient. The extract contains eugenol derivatives as an active ingredient. The eugenol derivative is methyleugenol or acetyleugenol.
Randomized trial of everolimus (EVR) with reduced tacrolimus (TAC) regimen after liver transplantation has shown similar incidence of composite efficacy failure rate to a standard tacrolimus regimen, but with superior renal function for up to three years. Recent studies have demonstrated comparable efficacy and safety profiles in liver transplant recipients receiving tacrolimus once-daily (QD) and tacrolimus twice-daily (BID) regimens. In kidney transplantation, once daily everolimus (QD) regimen has shown its safety and effectiveness. It has been identified that nonadherence to immunosuppressant regimen may cause long-term graft failure and death in solid organ transplant recipients. Therefore, simplification of the immunosuppression regimen (e.g. TAC with EVR) by reducing daily dosing frequency may improve long-term outcome. However, little is known about the effectiveness and safety of combined TAC and EVR once-daily (QD) regimen in liver transplant recipients. The investigator will examine pharmacokinetics and safety profiles of stable liver transplant recipients receiving twice-daily TAC with EVR (BID) regimen and then being converted to once-daily TAC with EVR (QD) regimen over a 6-month study period post-conversion.
BREZTRI AEROSPHERE (budesonide, glycopyrrolate and formoterol fumarate) Inhalation Aerosol is a pressurized metered-dose inhaler that delivers a combination of micronized budesonide [an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)], micronized glycopyrrolate (an anticholinergic), and micronized formoterol fumarate [an inhaled long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist (a LABA)] for oral inhalation.

Budesonide is a corticosteroid with the following chemical name: (RS)-11β, 16α, 17,21-Tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione cyclic 16,17-acetal with butyraldehyde. Budesonide is a white to off-white, powder which is practically insoluble in water. The molecular formula is C25H34O6 and the molecular weight is 430.54. The structural formula is as follows: 

Budesonide contains nine chiral centers and is a mixture of the two epimers (22R and 22S). 

Glycopyrrolate is a quaternary ammonium salt with the following chemical name: (RS)-[3-(SR)-Hydroxy-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium bromide] α-cyclopentylmandelate. Glycopyrrolate is a powder that is freely soluble in water. The molecular formula is C19H28BrNO3, and the molecular weight is 398.33 g/mol. The structural formula is as follows: 

Glycopyrrolate contains two chiral centers and is a racemate of a 1:1 mixture of the R,S and S,R diastereomers. The active moiety, glycopyrronium, is the positively charged ion of glycopyrrolate.

Formoterol fumarate has the chemical name N-[2-Hydroxy-5-[(1RS)-1-hydroxy-2-[[(1RS)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methylethyl]-amino] ethyl]phenyl] formamide, (E)-2-butenedioate dihydrate. Formoterol fumarate is a powder that is slightly soluble in water. The molecular formula is (C19H24N2O4)2·C4H4O4·2H2O and the molecular weight is 840.91 g/mol. The structural formula is as follows: 

Formoterol fumarate contains two chiral centers and consists of a single enantiomeric pair (a racemate of R,R and S,S).

BREZTRI AEROSPHERE is formulated as a hydrofluoroalkane (HFA 134a) propelled pressurized metered dose inhaler containing 28 or 120 inhalations. The canister has an attached dose indicator and is supplied with a yellow plastic actuator and white mouthpiece with a grey dust cap.

After priming, each actuation of the inhaler meters 170 mcg of budesonide, 9.6 mcg of glycopyrrolate (equivalent to 7.7 mcg of glycopyrronium), and 5.1 mcg of formoterol fumarate (equivalent to 4.4 mcg of formoterol) from the valve which delivers 160 mcg of budesonide, 9.0 mcg of glycopyrrolate (equivalent to 7.2 mcg of glycopyrronium), and 4.8 mcg of formoterol fumarate (equivalent to 4.1 mcg of formoterol) from the actuator. The actual amount of drug delivered to the lung may depend on patient factors, such as the coordination between actuation of the device and inspiration through the delivery system. BREZTRI AEROSPHERE also contains porous particles that form a co-suspension with the drug crystals. The porous particles are comprised of the phospholipid, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC), and calcium chloride. Porous particles and HFA 134a are excipients in the formulation.
The addition of dexamethasone to an local infiltration analgesia (LIA) mixture for postoperative analgesia following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has a limited evidence base. Although there is increasing support in the literature for its use in peripheral nerve blockade, there have only been a handful of studies assessing its applicability in periarticular LIA. Moreover, the evidence from peripheral nerve blocks suggests that one of the key benefits of dexamethasone is a prolongation of nerve blockade. Additionally, dexamethasone has been shown to prolong the local analgesic effect of bupivacaine microcapsules.

With respect to total hip arthroplasty (THA), there have only been two small studies that included corticosteroids in the LIA mixture; there was analgesic benefit and better early rehabilitation outcomes when compared to placebo. However, there is limited high-quality evidence for either THA or TKA demonstrating an improvement in functional outcomes when dexamethasone is used in an LIA mixture. This study will evaluate if the addition of dexamethasone to a local infiltration analgesia mixture will improve functional outcomes following total hip and knee arthroplasty.
The present invention discloses premix feed containing a plant additive for aquiculture. The premix feed comprises the following ingredients: 8 to 12 wt% of allicin, 10.5 to 14.5 wt% of mongolian dandelion herb, 8 to 12 wt% of phellodendron bark, 5.5 to 9.5 wt% of baikal skullcap root, 8 to 12 wt% of sophora flavescens, 5.5 to 9.5 wt% of figwort root, 8 to 12 wt% of forsythia fruit, 10.5 to 14.5 wt% of artemisia capillaris, 3 to 7 wt% of liquoric root and 13 to 17 wt% of adhesive. The premix feed containing a plant additive for aquiculture accounts for 0.5 to 1 wt% of the feed in the bait prepared from the premix feed. The ingredients are scientifically compounded, so that the premix feed can stimulate the growth of immune organs and increase the cell phagocytizing number and the phagocytizing capability of immunoglobulin when the premix feed is used for sterilizing directly. Thereby, the premix feed has the functions of removing heat, eliminating toxin, removing the heat from the liver, promoting the function of the gallbladder, resisting bacteria and viruses and enhancing immunity, and can treat and prevent infectious diseases caused by the bacteria, fungal and the viruses. As the plant additive and the Chinese herbal medicines are used, the premix feed does not contain antibiotics and hormones; thus, the quality of fish and prawns is enhanced.
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by hypertension and proteinuria mostly after 20 weeks of gestation. It affects 2-8% of pregnancies worldwide, with detrimental consequences for both mother and foetus. Evidence, suggests that genetic factors, including vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms, could contribute to PE complexity. However, their role in the Ghanaian population remains underexplored. We assessed the interplay between Vitamin D, VDR gene variants and preeclampsia risk in Ghanaian women.
METHODS: This unmatched case-control study was conducted at Kumasi South Hospital, Ghana, from June to November 2022. A total of 162 participants consisting of 62 PE cases and 100 normotensive controls were enrolled. Clinical and obstetric data were collected. Blood samples were also collected for DNA extraction and vitamin D assay. Genotyping of VDR Fok1 and Bsm1 gene variants was performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis whereas Vitamin D levels were estimated using sandwich ELISA. Statistical analyses were computed with SPSS version 25 and GraphPad prism version 8.0. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: Vitamin D concentration were significantly lower in the PE group (p < 0.0001). Vitamin D deficiency (aOR = 3.311, 95% CI: 1.584-6.921, p = 0.0010) was significantly associated with a three-fold increase in preeclampsia risk, whilst VDR gene variants, particularly the "bb" genotype (cOR = 0.227, 95% CI: 0.055-0.944, p = 0.0410) was associated with reduced risk of PE. There was no association between the distribution of Fok1 genotypes and PE.
CONCLUSION: This study highlights a significant association between vitamin D deficiency and an increased risk of PE among Ghanaian women. However, the VDR gene variant, "bb", genotype, for Bsm1 reduces the risk of PE.
In recent years, there has been growing interest in an alternative approach for treating TOLF, such as endoscopic decompression, which minimizes the disruption of surrounding tissues. It is important to understand the advantages, disadvantages, and potential differences in outcomes associated with each approach. This comparative study aims to evaluate and contrast the effectiveness, safety, and outcomes of these two surgical techniques, open laminectomy and endoscopic decompression, in the management of thoracic OLF. The literature review was conducted on Embase, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases. After a thorough screening of all search results, 14 studies were shortlisted, from which data was extracted, and statistical analysis was done. Pooled analysis was done to ascertain the intra-operative and post-operative outcomes after surgery for TOLF. Overall, 351 patients were included in the study for evaluation. 174 patients were operated on by open laminectomy, and 177 patients were seen in the endoscopy group. Decreased operative time was seen in the endoscopic subgroup. The mean length of hospital stay of 6.6 days. Both groups showed improvement in mJOA and VAS score. The recovery rate for the reported study cohort was 66.8%, with the Endoscopic surgical approach showing a positive correlation with the mean recovery rate. The dural tear was the most common complication, with a rate of 6.6%. The mean estimated infection rate was 2.7% and postoperative CSF leak was 3.7%, with a trend of significantly higher rates in the open subgroup. Both of the groups showed improvement in functional scores, VAS scores, and cross-sectional area. However, the Endoscopic decompression group experienced reduced hospital stays, operating times, and intraoperative blood loss. The most frequent side effects were CSF leak and dural tear. A few cases showed revision and infection. None of the problems differed between the groups.
Provided is an siRNA capable of inhibiting the expression of a 17[beta]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 13 (HSD17B13) gene. The siRNA comprises a sense strand and an antisense strand. The sense strand and the antisense strand comprise a nucleotide sequence I and a nucleotide sequence II, respectively. The nucleotide sequence I and the nucleotide sequence II are each composed of 19 modified or unmodified nucleotides and are at least partially reverse-complementary to form a double-stranded region. The nucleotide sequence II is at least partially reverse-complementary to a nucleotide sequence segment in mRNA expressed by the HSD17B13 gene. In a direction from the 5' end to the 3' end, at least one of the 3rd-6th nucleotides in the nucleotide sequence II is a stabilized modified nucleotide. The siRNA or a pharmaceutical composition or siRNA conjugate comprising same can effectively treat and/or prevent diseases or disorders related to the expression of the HSD17B13 gene.
Patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C) have reduced systemic metoclopramide clearance (by approximately 50%) compared to patients with normal hepatic function. The resulting increase in metoclopramide blood concentrations increases the risk of adverse reactions. There is no pharmacokinetic data in patients with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B). Reduce metoclopramide dosage in patients with moderate or severe (Child-Pugh B or C) hepatic impairment [see Dosage and Administration (2.2, 2.3)]. There is no dosage adjustment required for patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh A).

In addition, metoclopramide, by producing a transient increase in plasma aldosterone, may increase the risk of fluid retention in patients with hepatic impairment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)]. 

Monitor patients with hepatic impairment for the occurrence of fluid retention and volume overload.
The molecular signature of cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) from synovial fluid (SF) offers insights into the cells and molecular processes associated with joint disorders and can be exploited to define biomarkers. The EV-signature is determined by cargo molecules and the lesser-studied lipid bilayer. We here investigated the lipidome of SF-EVs in inflamed joints derived from Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Spondyloarthritis (SpA) patients, two autoimmune-driven joint diseases, and compared these signatures to the lipid profile of equine SF-EVs obtained during induced acute synovitis. Since neutrophils are primary SF-infiltrating cells during these inflammatory joint diseases, we also analyzed how inflammatory stimuli alter the lipidomic profile of human and equine neutrophil-derived EVs (nEVs) in vitro and how these signatures relate to the lipidome signatures of SF-EVs from inflamed joints. We identified neutrophil stimulation intensity-dependent changes in the lipidomic profile of nEVs with elevated presence of dihexosylceramide (lactosylceramide), phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylethanolamine ether-linked lipid classes in human nEVs upon full neutrophil activation. In horses, levels of monohexosylceramide (glucosylceramide) increased instead of dihexosylceramide, indicating species-specific differences. The lipid profiles of RA and SpA SF-EVs were relatively similar and showed a relative resemblance with stimulated human nEVs. Similarly, the lipidome of equine synovitis-derived SF-EVs closer resembled the one of stimulated equine nEVs. Hence, lipidome profiling can provide insights into the contribution of nEVs to the heterogeneous pool of SF-EVs, deepening our understanding of inflammatory joint diseases and revealing molecular changes in joint homeostasis, which can lead to the development of more precise disease diagnosis and treatment strategies.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare a physiologically active substance-containing tablet excellent in disintegrability in a mouth, good in flavor and having a low incidence of defectives and to provide a method for producing the tablet. SOLUTION: This physiologically active substance-containing tablet comprises at least the physiologically active substance and a hydrophilic sucrose ester of a fatty acid having >=11 hyrophile-lipophile balance. The method for producing the tablet is obtained. As preferred modes, the hydrophilic sucrose ester of the fatty acid is composed of >=60 wt.% of stearic acid and the ester of the hydrophilic sucrose ester of the fatty acid is >=50 wt.% of a monoester. The physiologically active substance is a live bifidus bacterial powder and/or lactoferrins and the physiologically active substance is the live bifidus bacterial powder in an amount of 1×108 bacteria based on 1 g of the tablet or the physiologically active substance is the lactoferrins in an amount of at least 5 mg based on 1 g of the tablet.  Furthermore, the tablet comprises at least 0.1 wt.% of the sucrose ester of the fatty acid and at least 1-3 wt.% of a glycerol ester of the fatty acid.
A continuous skin packaging and coating apparatus and a coating method for tablets. The continuous skin packaging and coating apparatus comprises a lower coating film unreeling roller, a waste edge reeling roller, an upper coating film unreeling roller, a lower coating heating component, an upper coating heating component, a first mold provided with a first table placing hole, a second mold provided with a second tablet placing hole, a heat-sealing plate, a cutting component, a blank tablet implanting component, and an operating mesa. The lower coating film unreeling roller and the waste edge reeling roller are provided on either side of the operating mesa. The lower coating film heating component, the blank tablet implanting component, the upper coating film unreeling roller, the upper coating film heating component, the heat-sealing plate, and the cutting component are sequentially provided above the operating mesa. The first mold is provided under the operating mesa below the blank tablet implanting component. The second mold is provided under the operating mesa below the heat-sealing plate. The upper coating film heating component is provided below the upper coating film unreeling roller.