anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Traditional approaches to the human cochlear nerve have been impeded by its bony encasement deep inside the skull base. We present an innovative, minimally invasive, therapeutic pathway for direct access to the nerve to deliver novel regenerative therapies. Neuroanatomical studies on 10 cadaveric human temporal bones were undertaken to identify a potentially safe therapeutic pathway to the cochlear nerve. Simulations based on three-dimensional delineation of anatomical structures obtained from synchrotron phase-contrast imaging were analyzed. This enabled the identification of an approach to the nerve in the fundus of the internal auditory meatus by trephining the medial modiolar wall of the cochlea via the round window for a median depth of 1.48 mm (range 1.21-1.91 mm). The anatomical access was validated on 9 additional human temporal bones using radio-opaque markers and contrast injection with micro-computed tomography surveillance. We thus created an effective conduit for the delivery of therapeutic agents to the cochlear nerve.
PURPOSE:To provide a sustained release suppository containing a drug-active component and curdlan, enabling the sustained release of the drug active component, eliminable by evacuation after use and exhibiting high safety. CONSTITUTION:The objective suppository contains a drug-active component and curdlan. Preferable examples of the drug-active component are indomethacin, diclofenac sodium and ibuprofen. Curdlan is a water-insoluble straight-chain polysaccharide having a polymerization degree of about 500 and called as beta -1,3-glucan. Curdlan is produced by culturing a curdland-producing soil bacterium (Alcaligenes faecalis var. mixogenes) or is easily available from the market.
Most Asian patients undergoing metabolic surgery for the treatment of T2DM have BMI as low as 30-35 kg/m2. If SG is performed for the treatment of T2DM in these patients, weight may decrease after the surgery; however, T2DM may recur after 6 months to 1 year. Therefore, it is difficult to find clinical studies on SG for metabolic surgery in Asians, and gastric bypass may be more appropriate as metabolic surgery. However, gastroscopy for the remnant stomach after gastric bypass is practically impossible. Therefore, gastric bypass may be a fatal drawback for East Asian patients with a high incidence of gastric cancer. In recent years, modified duodenal switch (SG with duodenojejunal bypass \[DJB\], which is defined as the procedure that makes jejunal bypass shorter than the traditional duodenal switch) is often performed as metabolic surgery, and studies on this surgical technique are being actively conducted in Japan.

SG with DJB has both effects of stomach restriction and foregut bypass. However, SG with DJB is more disadvantageous compared to SG alone in nutrient absorption after surgery. This is a natural result of bypassing the duodenum and proximal jejunum. Therefore, SG with DJB should not be performed when it is unnecessary, and it should be performed in patients who are expected to show significant improvement in T2DM. However, there is no existing guideline on which patients can receive SG with DJB or SG alone, and there are also no clinical studies on these aspects.
INTRODUCTION: Transfusion may increase the risk of organ failure through immunomodulatory effects. The primary objective of this study was to assess for patient or transfusion-related factors that are independently associated with the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in a cohort of children with life-threatening bleeding from all etiologies.
METHODS: In a secondary analysis of the prospective observational massive transfusion in children (MATIC) study, multivariable logistic regression was performed in an adjusted analysis to determine if blood product ratios or deficits were independently associated with AKI or ARDS in children with life-threatening bleeding.
RESULTS: There were 449 children included with a median (interquartile range, IQR) age of 7.3 years (1.7-14.7). Within 5 days of the life-threatening bleeding event, AKI occurred in 18.5% and ARDS occurred in 20.3% of the subjects. Every 10% increase in the platelet to red blood cell transfusion ratio is independently associated with a 12.7% increase in the odds of AKI (adjusted odds ratio 1.127; 95% confidence interval 1.025-1.239; p-value .013). Subjects with operative or medical etiologies were independently associated with an increased risk of AKI compared to those with traumatic injury. No transfusion-related variables were independently associated with the risk of developing ARDS.
CONCLUSION: The use of increased platelet to red blood cell transfusion ratios in children with life-threatening bleeding of any etiology may increase the risk of AKI but not ARDS. Prospective trials are needed to determine if increased platelet use in this cohort increases the risk of AKI to examine possible mechanisms.
It is recommended that patients initiate oral therapy with Prograf capsules if possible. If IV therapy is necessary, conversion from IV to oral Prograf is recommended as soon as oral therapy can be tolerated. This usually occurs within 2-3 days. The initial dose of Prograf should be administered no sooner than 6 hours after transplantation. In a patient receiving an IV infusion, the first dose of oral therapy should be given 8-12 hours after discontinuing the IV infusion. The recommended starting oral dose of Prograf capsules is 0.10 to 0.15 mg/kg/day administered in two divided daily doses every 12 hours. Co-administered grapefruit juice has been reported to increase tacrolimus blood trough concentrations in liver transplant patients. (See Drugs that May Alter Tacrolimus Concentrations).

Dosing should be titrated based on clinical assessments of rejection and tolerability. Lower Prograf dosages may be sufficient as maintenance therapy. Adjunct therapy with adrenal corticosteroids is recommended early post-transplant.

Dosage and typical tacrolimus whole blood trough concentrations are shown in the table above; blood concentration details are described in Blood Concentration Monitoring: Liver Transplantation below.
PURPOSE:To obtain powdery cosmetic containing porous regenerated silk fibroin powder in which perfume is absorbed and/or substrate pigment-containing porous regenerated silk fibroin powder, and having good practical characteristics. CONSTITUTION:0.01-50wt.% perfume and 3.0-30.0wt.% porous regenerated silk fibroin powder and/or substrate pigment-containing porous regenerated silk fibroin powder are added oily ingredient, coloring agent, antioxidant, ultraviolet ray absorber, antiseptic, sterilizer, etc., are properly blended as other ingredients, and these ingredients are formulated to provide the objective product. The perfume is absorbed into the fibroin powder by a method, e.g. blending by stirring and stored at ambient temperature for 1-2hr. The objective cosmetic is applicable as face powder, foundation, eye shadow, cheek color, body powder, etc. The cosmetic has soft feeling in use, feeling of transparent coating film, uniformity, good affinity to skin and extremely excellent perfume-retaining property.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression involves tubulointerstitial fibrosis, a process characterized by excessive extracellular matrix accumulation. To identify potential biomarkers for kidney fibrosis, we performed mass spectrometry-based proteomic profiling of human kidney tubular epithelial cells and kidney tissue from a 5/6 nephrectomy rat model. Multidisciplinary analysis across kidney fibrosis models revealed 351 differentially expressed proteins associated with kidney fibrosis, and they were enriched in processes related to the extracellular matrix, kidney aging, and mitochondrial functions. Network analysis of the selected proteins revealed five crucial proteins, of which transgelin emerged as a candidate protein that interacts with known fibrosis-related proteins. Concordantly, the gene expression of transgelin in the kidney tissue from the 5/6 nephrectomy model was elevated. Transgelin expression in kidney tissue gradually increased from intermediate to advanced fibrosis stages in 5/6 Nx rats and mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction. Subsequent validation in kidney tissue and urine samples from patients with CKD confirmed the upregulation of transgelin, particularly under advanced disease stages. Moreover, we investigated whether blocking TAGLN ameliorated kidney fibrosis and reduced reactive oxygen species levels in cellular models. In conclusion, our proteomic approach identified TAGLN as a potential noninvasive biomarker and therapeutic target for CKD-associated kidney fibrosis, suggesting its role in modulating mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress responses.
Patients who have achieved remission of treatment resistant depression through an initial course of ECT (8 to 12 sessions) at the University of Kentucky will be identified by the ECT attending physician as a candidate for this study. They will receive TMS in this arm of study for maintenance treatment of their depression and monitored with depressive scales.
The invention comprises compounds of general formula: <FORM:0959699/C2/1> wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group containing not more than four carbon atoms, Hal represents a halogen atom, and n represents 1 or 2; and their non-toxic acid addition salts; and their preparation by reacting a halo-pyrimidine of formula: <FORM:0959699/C2/2> with a compound of formula R1NH2. Halo-pyrimidines (II) may be obtained by reacting an amidine of formula: <FORM:0959699/C2/3> with an acetoacetic ester and a base to form a 2-halophenylalkyl -4- hydroxy -6- methylpyrimidine which is then treated with a phosphorus oxyhalide.  p-Chlorophenacetamidine hydrochloride is prepared by the action of ammoniacal ethanol on ethyl p-chlorophenylacetiminate hydrochloride obtained from p-chlorobenzyl cyanide by treatment with hydrogen chloride in ethanol.  Pharmaceutical compositions comprise pyrimidines I or their non-toxic acid addition salts in association with a pharmaceutical carrier. Solid (capsules, tablets, pills, powders, granules) and liquid (emulsions, suspensions) forms for oral administration are described.  The compounds have diuretic, natriuretic and saluretic properties and act against hypertension.
A research model combining a disease and syndrome can provide new ideas for the treatment of ischemic stroke. In the field of traditional Chinese medicine, blood stasis and toxin (BST) syndrome is considered an important syndrome seen in patients with ischemic stroke (IS). However, the biological basis of IS-BST syndrome is currently not well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the biological mechanism of IS-BST syndrome. This study is divided into two parts: (1) establishment of an animal model of ischemic stroke disease and an animal model of BST syndrome in ischemic stroke; (2) use of omics methods to identify differentially expressed genes and metabolites in the models. We used middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery to establish the disease model, and utilized carrageenan combined with active dry yeast and MCAO surgery to construct the IS-BST syndrome model. Next, we used transcriptomics and metabolomics methods to explore the differential genes and metabolites in the disease model and IS-BST syndrome model. It is found that the IS-BST syndrome model exhibited more prominent characteristics of IS disease and syndrome features. Both the disease model and the IS-BST syndrome model share some common biological processes, such as thrombus formation, inflammatory response, purine metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and so on. Results of the "gene-metabolite" network revealed that the IS-BST syndrome model exhibited more pronounced features of complement-coagulation cascade reactions and amino acid metabolism disorders. Additionally, the "F2 (thrombin)-NMDAR/glutamate" pathway was coupled with the formation process of the blood stasis and toxin syndrome. This study reveals the intricate mechanism of IS-BST syndrome, offering a successful model for investigating the combination of disease and syndrome.
The invention discloses an oral-administration medicine treating anal cryptitis, and belongs to the technical field of medicines. The oral-administration medicine employs fruit of hibiscus syriacus L., rhizome of thinnest yam, flower of blue plantainlily, berberis atrocarpa Schneid., fortune firethorn fruit, cinnamomum glanduliferum, primula forbesii franch., saussurea nigrescens Maxim., naoyu millettia, fig leaf, castanopsis chinensis hance leaf, all-grass of Clark's blumea, flower of shrubby woodfordia, root-bark of red nanmu, burmann cinnamon bark, flower or root of lightyellow snapweed, diclofenac sodium, cyclodextrin, a glycyrrhizic acid medicament, sodium citrate, 4-acetamidophenol, polyvinylpyrrolidone and salicylic acid as effective compositions. The medicine carefully employs multiple traditional Chinese medicine compositions, possesses the efficacies of clearing heat and expelling toxin, dispelling wind and eliminating dampness, activating blood and cooling blood, warming the middle and guiding qi downward, promoting urination and checking diarrhea, and is capable of expelling organ toxin. The western medicine compositions are capable of rapidly diminishing inflammation, easing pain, relieving fever, and adjusting body immunity. The prescription is strict and reasonable for compatibility, the western medicine compositions can make up the insufficiency of the traditional Chinese medicine compositions, and the traditional Chinese medicine compositions can neutralize the side effects of the western medicine compositions, combination of the western medicine compositions and the traditional Chinese medicine compositions helps to radically treat the disease. The medicine is definite in curative effect, fast in effectiveness and high in cure rate.
PCT No. PCT/AU92/00141 Sec. 371 Date Nov. 30, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Nov. 30, 1992 PCT Filed Apr. 2, 1992 PCT Pub. No. WO92/17167 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 15, 1992There are disclosed complexes and compositions for oral delivery of a substance or substances to the circulation or lymphatic drainage system of a host. The complexes of the invention comprise a microparticle coupled to at least one carrier, the carrier being capable of enabling the complex to be transported to the circulation or lymphatic drainage system via the mucosal epithelium of the host, and the microparticle entrapping or encapsulating, or being capable of entrapping or encapsulating, the substance(s). Examples of suitable carriers are mucosal binding proteins, bacterial adhesins, viral adhesins, toxin binding subunits, lectins, Vitamin B12 and analogues or derivatives of Vitamin B12 possessing binding activity to Castle's intrinsic factor.
BACKGROUND: The clinical significance of nutrition and inflammation in dialysis patients is well established. This study aimed to evaluate the association between prognosis and indicators of nutrition and inflammation.
METHODS: A total of 253 consecutive patients who underwent peritoneal dialysis (PD) as primary renal replacement therapy at our institute between 2006 and 2021 were included. We retrospectively reviewed the patient's medical charts and obtained their clinical information. Nine nutritional and two inflammatory indicators were assessed. Patient outcomes were investigated, and predictive factors were explored.
RESULTS: The median age and follow-up period were 65 years and 54 months, respectively. Most nutritional indicators and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels showed a significant correlation with residual renal function. Multivariate analysis revealed that the survival index, nutritional risk index for Japanese hemodialysis patients, and CRP levels were independent indicators of patient survival (P < 0.001, P = 0.034, and P = 0.005, respectively) and cardiovascular disease-free survival (P = 0.009, P = 0.04, and P = 0.017, respectively). Patients with a survival index < 19 and CRP ≥ 0.5 had a high risk of mortality and cardiovascular death (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0002, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that indicators of nutrition and inflammation play important roles in predicting patient outcomes. Further research is warranted to establish optimal management strategies for patients on PD.
INTRODUCTION: We previously demonstrated the usefulness of combining stitching with covering to seal alveolar air leaks in an animal model. This study aimed to clarify the effectiveness and feasibility of this sealing method in the clinical setting.
METHODS: Data of 493 patients who underwent thoracoscopic anatomical resection between 2013 and 2020 for lung cancer were retrospectively reviewed. Prolonged air leak was defined as chest drain placement lasting 5 d or longer due to air leak. Until July 2017 (early study period), we covered air leaks using mesh. However, for sealing (late study period), we additionally stitched leaks with pledget in patients at high risk of prolonged air leak. The pneumostasis procedure, intraoperative confirmation test of pneumostasis, and chest tube management were uniform during both periods.
RESULTS: The incidence of prolonged air leak was significantly lower in the late than in the early period (3.6% versus 12.5%), whereas pulmonary emphysema was more severe in the late period compared to the early period. Intraoperative failure of sealing air leaks was significantly reduced in the late period than in the early period. In both univariate and propensity score matching analysis, the study period was a significant predictor of prolonged air leak.
CONCLUSIONS: The combination of stitching and covering with mesh may contribute to reducing prolonged air leak incidence in patients undergoing thoracoscopic anatomical lung resection for lung cancer.
A photon cold gel includes a cold gel body, wherein a non-woven fabric is arranged at the top of the cold gel body. A plurality of medicine storing cavities is formed under the cold gel body. Medicine bags are separately and fixedly arranged in each of the medicine storing cavities. Each of the medicine bags includes a ventilated cotton cloth, wherein medicines are loaded in the ventilated cotton cloth, a drainage tube which penetrates upwards through the cold gel body and is flush with the top of the non-woven fabric, is fixedly connected to the upper part of each of the medicine bags. Finally, a sealing plug is arranged at the top of each drainage tube. The present photon cold gel is able to form a micro magnetic field via the randomly distributed magnetic powder to treat human body by magnetic therapy while maintaining its primary function.
Thoracotomy with rib spreading still remains the preferred approach for complex surgery. Rib fracture is considered a frequent involuntary event during this approach, but its real incidence has not been adequately investigated yet. In this study, we evaluated the incidence of rib fracture after thoracotomy, the possible risk factors and the relationship with post-operative pain and complications. We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of single-institution patients submitted to lateral thoracotomy from January 2016 to June 2023. Exclusion criteria were traumatic etiology and a medical history of osteoporosis. The presence of rib fracture was retrieved by surgical reports or post-operative chest X-ray. Basal and evoked pain after surgery was assessed by Visual Analogue Scale. The considered 30-day post-operative complications were atelectasis, need of endoscopic broncho-aspiration, pneumonia and pleural effusion. A total of 367 consecutive patients underwent thoracotomy in the study period. The median age was 68 (interquartile range 60-75) years. Rib fracture was detected in 179/367 (48.8%) patients. Incidence did not significantly vary throughout years (p = 0.98). The risk of developing post-thoracotomy rib fractures was significantly associated with age greater than the median value (p = 0.003). The presence of rib fracture was related to significantly more elevated evoked pain at 48 h after surgery (p = 0.039) and a higher incidence of complications (32/179 vs 20/188; p = 0.047). Our study demonstrated that rib fracture occurs in almost half of the thoracotomies. Older patients are more likely to develop this event, which significantly correlates to increased evoked post-operative pain and higher rate of post-operative complications.
Clolar may cause a cytokine release syndrome (e.g., tachypnea, tachycardia, hypotension, pulmonary edema) that may progress to the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) with capillary leak syndrome and organ impairment which may be fatal. Monitor patients frequently for these conditions. In clinical trials, SIRS was reported in two patients (2%); capillary leak syndrome was reported in four patients (4%). Symptoms included rapid onset of respiratory distress, hypotension, pleural and pericardial effusion, and multiorgan failure. Close monitoring for this syndrome and early intervention may reduce the risk. Immediately discontinue Clolar and provide appropriate supportive measures. The use of prophylactic steroids (e.g., 100 mg/m2 hydrocortisone on Days 1 through 3) may be of benefit in preventing signs or symptoms of SIRS or capillary leak syndrome. Consider use of diuretics and/or albumin. After the patient is stabilized and organ function has returned to baseline, retreatment with Clolar can be considered with a 25% dose reduction.
The investigators seek to address the specific educational needs of patients and caregivers with low-literacy, dyslexia and related learning disabilities in the context of properly performing wound care for patients with surgical wounds. Specific aims include both improving care by decreasing wound complications and improving patient satisfaction by using techniques designed for this population. Objectives include utilizing surveys to determine the incidence of dyslexia among the patients' and caregivers' within the general surgery service as well as the perception of our current educational offerings, to design a new dismissal package with enhanced educational offerings, to re-measure this effect on the patient experience with survey data, and to compare wound infection rates before and after implementing the new curriculum. Dyslexia and associated learning disabilities are common and likely impact the health literacy among this population due to the ubiquitous literacy-based documentation of hospital course and dismissal instructions. Adults with dyslexia may be reluctant to disclose any inability to understand written instructions. There is currently no mechanism within the dismissal system to specifically identify and address the unique needs of this population. The impact on clinical outcomes of proper wound packing is substantial, and if performed incorrectly can lead to slow wound healing and infections that often require readmission, multiple courses of antibiotics, and reoperation. In severe cases, improper wound care can lead to severe infection, sepsis, and death. By enhancing the educational offerings of proper wound care to this population, the investigators hope to reduce these complications.
ONBOARD consists of four 60-minute sessions over 3 months. Each session will target a key barrier to CGM use: physical, data, social, and trust. Sessions will be delivered individually to participants by a doctoral level psychologist with diabetes expertise. Each session will include relevant first-person digital stories told adults to with T1D, recounting how they managed relevant CGM barriers.