anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Although researched extensively the understanding regarding mechanisms underlying glaucoma pathogenesis remains limited. Further, the exact mechanism behind neuronal death remains elusive. The role of neuroinflammation in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death has been prominently theorised. This review provides a comprehensive summary of neuroinflammatory responses in glaucoma. A systematic search of Medline and Embase for articles published up to 8th March 2023 yielded 32 studies using post-mortem tissues from glaucoma patients. The raw data were extracted from tables and text to calculate the standardized mean differences (SMDs). These studies utilized post-mortem tissues from glaucoma patients, totalling 490 samples, compared with 380 control samples. Among the included studies, 27 reported glial cell activation based on changes to cellular morphology and molecular staining. Molecular changes were predominantly attributed to astrocytes (62.5%) and microglia (15.6%), with some involvement of Muller cells. These glial cell changes included amoeboid microglial cells with increased CD45 or HLA-DR intensity and hypertrophied astrocytes with increased glial fibrillary acidic protein labelling. Further, changes to extracellular matrix proteins like collagen, galectin, and tenascin-C suggested glial cells' influence on structural changes in the optic nerve head. The activation of DAMPs-driven immune response and the classical complement cascade was reported and found to be associated with activated glial cells in glaucomatous tissue. Increased pro-inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were also linked to glial cells. Glial cell activation was also associated with mitochondrial, vascular, metabolic and antioxidant component disruptions. Association of the activated glial cells with pro-inflammatory responses, dysregulation of homeostatic components and antigen presentation indicates that glial cell responses influence glaucoma progression. However, the exact mechanism triggering these responses and underlying interactions remains unexplored. This necessitates further research using human samples for an increased understanding of the precise role of neuroinflammation in glaucoma progression.
SisterLove, Inc. in Atlanta, Georgia, is evaluating its HIV/AIDS prevention intervention called the Healthy Love Workshop (HLW). The HLW targets African American women and women of African descent who are at risk for HIV infection and transmission. The HLW, which lasts 3 to 4 hours and is delivered during a single session, is a highly interactive workshop that aims to provide a safe environment in which women can learn about: a) the modes of HIV transmission, b) effective strategies for reducing one's risk for contracting or transmitting HIV or other STIs, c) opportunities to develop or enhance skills for self-assessing the risk level of sexual behaviors and the use of safer sex techniques, and d) how to develop an awareness of personal, community and social attitudes, beliefs and norms that influence women's relationships, sexual behavior, and decision-making. SisterLove will identify a minimum of 28 groups of women to participate in the evaluation, which will use a concurrent comparison design with block randomization. These groups will be typical of those that currently receive the HLW, including but not limited to sororities, friendship circles, church groups and other affinity-based groups. Fourteen of the 28 groups will participate in HLW as the intervention group; 14 of the recruited groups will participate in an HIV/AIDS 101 workshop (HIV 101) as the comparison group. Each group will contain about 15 women, thus approximately 420 women will participate in the evaluation. Outcome measures will assess HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes towards condom use and HIV testing, condom use intentions, personal HIV/AIDS risk assessment, self-efficacy for taking steps to prevent HIV transmission, consistent condom use, sexual abstinence, and reduction in other sexual risk behaviors. These outcomes will be measured at baseline, and after the intervention at 3- and 6-month follow-ups.

Eligible groups of women were randomly assigned to receive the intervention (15 groups; 161 women) or a comparison workshop (15 groups; 152 women). Behavioral assessments were conducted at baseline and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Among sexually active women at the 3-month follow-up, HLW participants were more likely than comparison participants to report having used condoms during vaginal sex with any male partner or with a primary male partner, and to have used condoms at last vaginal, anal or oral sex with any male partner. At the 6-month follow-up, HLW participants were more likely to report condom use at last vaginal, anal or oral sex with any male partner, and having an HIV test and receiving their test results. The study findings suggest that a single-session intervention delivered to pre-existing groups of black women is an efficacious approach to HIV prevention. This study also demonstrates that a CBO can develop and deliver a culturally appropriate, effective HIV prevention intervention for the population it serves and, with adequate resources and technical assistance, rigorously evaluate its intervention.
The experimental group initially got VR intervention by playing all four easy-level games twice for three minutes each during the first and second weeks. This group again underwent VR intervention, playing all four same games with a difficulty level of twice 5 min duration for the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth weeks. The experimental group had an intervention of 24 sessions, lasting 4 days/week for a total of 6 weeks. During the first two weeks, patients received 24 minutes of VR hand games and 24 minutes of therapy sessions per day and for the next four weeks, this group received 40 minutes of VR hand games and 40 minutes of conventional therapy session per day. This group received conventional physical therapy that consists of range of motion, stretching, resistance, and strengthening exercises. At follow-up of two weeks this group only received conventional physical therapy.
This is an open-label, phase II study of PTK787/ZK222584 designed to determine the safety and efficacy of PTK787/ZK222584 in the treatment of imatinib-resistant GIST. The PTK787/ZK222584 dose used is 1250 mg daily. Six patients will first enter the study using a two-stage approach. If clinical benefit is obtained in \>1 of 6 patients, 9 and 30 additional patients will be entered into the protocol (a maximum total number of 45 patients will be entered). Clinical benefit is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the following 3 measures: 1) objective response to PTK787 (a confirmed or unconfirmed partial response \[PR\] or a complete response \[CR\]); 2) metabolic response defined as \>50% decrease in the standardized uptake value (SUV) of FDG uptake in \>1 FDG-avid lesions in one or more of the patients; or 3) stabilized disease for 3 months or longer accompanied by symptomatic or performance status improvement. Medical history, current medical conditions, weight, height, and an electrocardiogram are recorded prior to the study entry. Other baseline examinations include a chest X-ray, hematologic tests, a coagulation panel, serum chemistries, urine analysis, a serum pregnancy test and a radiological assessment of the tumor. Tumor response is monitored with imaging at 4- to 8-week intervals. Hematological tests and serum chemistries are evaluated at 1- to 4-week intervals, and adverse events are collected continuously. Research blood tests are collected at the times of tumor evaluations. Dose adjustments are carried out as per the protocol. Patients who benefit from the study treatment will be treated with PTK787/ZK222584 until treatment failure.
Post-exercise glycogen synthesis rate is an important factor in determining the time needed to recover. Glycogen synthesis is affected not only by the extent of glycogen depletion but also in a more direct manner by the type, duration, and intensity of the preceding exercise because these will differentially influence the acute enzymatic changes as well as recovery from the acute changes that are induced by strenuous exercise. To optimize glycogen synthesis rates, adequate amounts of carbohydrate should be ingested. It has been suggested initially that a carbohydrate intake of 0.35 g·kg body wt-1 ·h-1 , provided at 2-h intervals, maximized muscle glycogen synthesis. Others observed no differences in glycogen storage rates after subjects ingested 0.75 or 1.5 g carbohydrate·kg-1 · h-1 provided at 2-h intervals. In a follow-up study, it was reported that an intake of \>0.5 g·kg-1 · h-1 is necessary to maximize post-exercise glycogen synthesis if supplements are administered at 2-h intervals. Higher glycogen synthesis rates have been reported in studies in which carbohydrates were ingested more frequently and at higher ingestion rates than in previous studies. Other efforts to increase glycogen synthesis rates by changing the form of administration (ie, as a solution, as a solid, or intravenously) have been unsuccessful. While the above range of intake rates has been suggested to maximize muscle glycogen resynthesis post-exercise, the required dosage with sweet corn derived high glycemic starch and its effect on a subsequent time trial exercise is currently unknown. So, investigators objective in this experiment is to find out optimal sweet corn derived recovery ingestion dose by using a glycogen lowering exercise protocol, followed by glycogen repletion via ingestion and a subsequent 20 km time trial cycling performance.
The invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical preparations, in particular to a huperzine A diol plastid temperature-sensitive gel nasal administration preparation and a preparation method thereof. The temperature-sensitive gel nasal administration preparation is formed by dispersing huperzine A diatomic alcohol plastid in a temperature-sensitive gel matrix. The huperzine A diatomic alcohol plastid is prepared by adopting an injection method, and then the huperzine A diatomic alcohol plastid temperature-sensitive gel preparation is prepared by adopting a cold dissolving method. The huperzine A diol plastid temperature-sensitive gel nasal administration preparation achieves the treatment effect after nasal administration. The nasal cavity administration has the advantages of quick absorption, no first pass effect, high bioavailability, little damage to organism, and convenient use. The huperzine A diatomic alcohol plastid has high encapsulation rate, smaller grain diameter and good stability; the huperzine A-diatomic alcohol plastid temperature-sensitive gel overcomes the defect that diatomic alcohol plastid has larger fluidity and is inconvenient to administer, has higher bioavailability and has a certain slow release function.
In this study, we aimed to comprehensively characterize the potential relationships among the frequently mutated genes, well-known homologous recombination repair (HRR) proteins, and immune proteins in glioma from a clinical perspective. A total of 126 surgical tissues from patients initially diagnosed with glioma were included. The genetic alterations were tested using the targeted next-generation sequencing technique. The expression of HRR proteins, immune proteins, and genetic alteration-related proteins were detected using immunostaining. Integrated analysis showed that ATRX is positively correlated with STING in high-grade glioma (HGG) with wild-type ATRX and IDH1. Then, a relapse predictive risk-scoring model was established using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression algorithms. The scores based on the expression of ATRX and STING significantly predict the recurrence for glioma patients, which further predict the survival for specific subgroups, characterized with high expression of RAD51 and wild-type TERT. Moreover, STING is significantly higher in patients with high relapse risk. Interestingly, STING inhibitors and agonists both suppress the growth of HGG cells, regardless of their STING levels and STING pathway activity, whereas RAD51 inhibitor B02 is found to exclusively sensitize HGG cells with high expression of STING to temozolomide in vitro and in vivo. Overall, findings in the study not only reveal that ATRX is closely correlated with STING to drive the relapse of HGG, but also provide a STING-guided combined strategy to treat patients with aggressive gliomas. Translation of these findings will ultimately improve the outcomes for ATRX and IDH1 genomically stratified subgroups in HGG.
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) serves as a transcriptional co-regulator and has been playing an important role in various inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we investigated the role and underlying mechanisms of action of PARP-1 in inflammatory pain. Intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) was administered to the rats to induce inflammatory pain. Immunofluorescence, Western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that CFA injection led to an increase in the production and activation of PARP-1 in both the L4/5 dorsal root ganglions (DRGs) and the spinal dorsal horn. Repeated intrathecal injections of Tiq-A or 5-AIQ, two specific inhibitors of PARP-1, and microinjections of AAV-PARP-1 shRNA into the L5 DRG or L5 spinal dorsal horn partially prevented the development of inflammatory pain. The established inflammatory pain was attenuated by a single bolus of intrathecal injection of Tiq-A or 5-AIQ on day 7 after the CFA injection. The CFA-induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in female rats were alleviated by repeated intrathecal injections of Tiq-A. Moreover, repeated intrathecal injections of 5-AIQ inhibited the binding of NF-κB with CXCL1 promoter and reduced the production of CXCL1 in both the L4/5 DRGs and L4-6 spinal dorsal horns following CFA injection. Collectively, our results indicate that CFA-induced upregulation of PARP-1 by promoting CXCL1 expression in the DRG and probably in the spinal dorsal horn contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory pain. Thus, PARP-1 may be a potential pharmaceutical target for the treatment of inflammatory pain.
PURPOSE: The multifactorial nature of patellofemoral instability requires a comprehensive assessment of the affected patients. While an association between tibial tuberosity (TT) torsion and patellofemoral instability is known, its specific effect has not yet been investigated. This study investigated the effect of TT torsion on patellofemoral instability.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study compared patients who underwent surgical intervention for patellofemoral instability and asymptomatic controls. TT torsion was measured in addition to other commonly assessed risk factors for patellofemoral instability using standardised computed tomography (CT) data of the lower extremities. The diagnostic performances of the assessed parameters were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated.
RESULTS: The patellofemoral instability group consisted of 79 knees, compared to 72 knees in the asymptomatic control group. Both groups differed significantly in all assessed parameters (p < 0.001), except for tibial torsion (n.s.). Among all parameters, TT torsion presented the best diagnostic performance for predicting patellar instability with an area under the curve of 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91-0.98; p < 0.001). A cut-off value of 17.7° yielded a 0.87 sensitivity and 0.89 specificity to predict patellar instability (OR, 55.2; 95% CI, 20.5-148.6; p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Among the evaluated risk factors, TT torsion had the highest predictive value for patellofemoral instability. Patients with TT torsions ≥ 17.7° showed a 55-fold increased probability of patellofemoral instability. Therefore, TT torsion should be included in the assessment of patients with patellofemoral instability.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.
One of the most common knee injuries is the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) rupture with severe implications on knee stability. The usual treatment is the ACL Reconstruction (ACLR) surgery where the surgeon replaces the torn ligament with a graft in an effort to restore knee kinematics. In case of excessive rotatory instability, Lateral Extra-Articular Tenodesis (LET) can be performed in combination with ACLR. Additionally, LET appears to reduce ACLR graft forces minimizing graft failure chances. However, there are concerns about overconstraining physiological rotation. To gain insight in this controversial topic, we developed an automatic, open-source tool to create a series of Finite Element (FE) models attempting to investigate the interactions of ACLR and LET through simulation. We started by creating a validated model of the healthy knee joint that served as reference for subsequent FE simulations. Then, we created FE models of standalone ACLR and combined ACLR-LET. Each model was assessed by applying a loading profile that resembles the reduction phase of the Pivot-Shift clinical exam. We measured the External Tibia Rotation (ETR), the Posterior Tibia Translation (PTT) of the lateral tibial compartment, and the ACLR graft stress developed around the femoral tunnel insertion site. We observed the following: a) LET reduces ETR and PTT compared to isolated ACLR, b) combined ACLR-LET is more sensitive to LET graft pretension with lower values showcasing performance closer to the healthy joint, c) LET reduces ACLR graft forces for the same pretension values, d) LET exhibits significant overconstraint for higher pretension values. In general, these findings are in agreement with relevant clinical studies and accentuate the potential of the developed framework as a tool that can assist orthopaedists during surgery planning. We provide open access for the FE models of this study to enhance research transparency, reproducibility and extensibility.
CASE: A 1-year-old girl was treated with chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation because of CD40 ligand deficiency. Four years later, she presented with pain in her right leg, diagnosed as atypical acute slipped capital femoral epiphysis, without a clear cause, besides chemotherapy possibly. She was treated with fixation of the epiphysis with a cannulated screw. Two years later, the same diagnosis was made for the left hip and the same surgery was applied. After the 2-year follow-up, clinical outcomes were good.
CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy may be a risk factor for atypical slipped capital femoral epiphysis, even without the combination with radiotherapy.
An 81-year-old man experienced acute progression of weakness in the extremities accompanied by a fever, tenderness, and swelling in distal parts of the extremities. He had flaccid tetraparesis with fasciculations and general hyporeflexia. Nerve conduction studies indicated demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy. A cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed elevated proteins without pleocytosis. Immunological treatments were effective, but his symptoms exhibited repeated relapse and remission phases. He was diagnosed with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) with an acute onset. The highlight of this case is pain with inflammatory reaction recognized as red flags of CIDP, with the clinical course and electrophysiological findings compatible with CIDP.
The aerobic exercise session will begin with a 3 min resting period (sitting quietly on the cycle ergometer (0 W), followed by a 3 min warm-up at 40 W and a stepwise intensity increase by 20 W / min (to control for day-to-day variations in exercise response) until the 5% of Pmax from IET above PLTP1 is achieved (i.e. moderate steady state walking or low-intensity running or cycling). This target workload will be maintained for 30 min. Active and passive recovery periods of 3 min each will be the same as the incremental test. This session will be held on day 3 of menstruation.
The invention comprises the following steps: three-medicine tea for treating allergic rhinitis relates to the field of Chinese herbal medicines and relates to the field of treatment of allergic rhinitis. The three-medicine tea is characterized in that written instructions of the three-medicine tea comprise the contents in the instructions and formulas of the three-medicine tea for treating three basic forms of allergic rhinitis. The formula of the No. 1 herb tea for allergic rhinitis comprises: 15 parts of hawthorn pulp, 8 parts of cinnamon, 15 g parts of codonopsis pilosula, 15 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 10 parts of liquorice and 15 parts of dried ginger, and can be used for correspondingly treating perennial allergic rhinitis. The formula of the No. 2 herb tea for allergic rhinitis comprises: 0.46 g of green tea, 0.06 g of honeysuckle, 0.33 g of chrysanthemum, 0.60 g of dried orange peel, 1.04 g of red date, 3.06 g of hawthorn, 0.30 g of liquorice and 4.22 g of rock candy, and can be used for correspondingly treating seasonal allergic rhinitis. The formula of the allergic rhinitis No. 3 herb tea comprises: 2 g of chrysanthemum, 2 g of lily, 2 g of honeysuckle, 2 g of boat-fruited sterculia seed, 2 g of platycodon root, 1 g of liquorice, 1 g of dyers woad leaf and 4.22 g of rock candy are used for correspondingly treating seasonal allergic rhinitis with pharyngeal discomfort.
FABHALTA, a complement inhibitor, increases the risk of serious infections, especially those caused by encapsulated bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae type b [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. Life-threatening and fatal infections with encapsulated bacteria have occurred in patients treated with complement inhibitors. These infections may become rapidly life-threatening or fatal if not recognized and treated early.

  * Complete or update vaccination for encapsulated bacteria at least 2 weeks prior to the first dose of FABHALTA, unless the risks of delaying therapy with FABHALTA outweigh the risk of developing a serious infection. Comply with the most current Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendations for vaccinations against encapsulated bacteria in patients receiving a complement inhibitor. See Warnings and Precautions (5.1) for additional guidance on the management of the risk of serious infections caused by encapsulated bacteria.
  * Patients receiving FABHALTA are at increased risk for invasive disease caused by encapsulated bacteria, even if they develop antibodies following vaccination. Monitor patients for early signs and symptoms of serious infections and evaluate immediately if infection is suspected.



Because of the risk of serious infections caused by encapsulated bacteria, FABHALTA is available only through a restricted program under a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) called the FABHALTA REMS [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Participants in the intervention group will receive guaranteed income gift payments equivalent to $1,000/month for a total of 24 months in addition to usual care. They will also have the option to attend the same Public Benefits Information Session being offered to the control group as above.