anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The recent outbreak of monkeypox virus (MPXV) was unprecedented in its size and distribution. Those living with uncontrolled HIV and low CD4 T cell counts might develop a fulminant clinical mpox course with increased mortality, secondary infections, and necrotizing lesions. Fatal cases display a high and widespread MPXV tissue burden. The underlying pathomechanisms are not fully understood. We report here the pathological findings of an MPXV-driven abscess in gastrocnemius muscle requiring surgery in an immunocompromised patient with severe mpox. Presence of virus particles and infectivity were confirmed by electron microscopy, expansion microscopy, and virus culture, respectively. MPXV tissue distribution by immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed a necrotic core with infection of different cell types. In contrast, at the lesion rim fibroblasts were mainly infected. Immune cells were almost absent in the necrotic core, but were abundant at the infection rim and predominantly macrophages. Further, we detected high amounts of alternatively activated GPNMB+-macrophages at the lesion border. Of note, macrophages only rarely colocalized with virus-infected cells. Insufficient clearance of infected cells and infection of lesion-associated fibroblasts sustained by the abundance of profibrotic macrophages might lead to the coalescing of lesions and the severe and persistent clinical mpox course observed in immunocompromised patients.
Participants will be randomized by patient to receive cryotherapy wraps plus compression therapy (cryocompression) versus cryotherapy wraps alone applied to the bilateral hands and feet. Participants will receive cryotherapy (+/- compression) for the duration of their taxane infusions. Participants will be asked to complete the FACT-NTX survey and a PNQ neuropathy surveys at each infusion visit to evaluate symptoms related to neuropathy. Participants will also complete a brief acceptability and tolerability survey at each visit. Lastly, a staff satisfaction survey will be administered at each visit as well. The investigators will test the hypothesis that the average final visit FACT-NTX11 scores in the cryotherapy group are noninferior to the cryocompression group with a noninferiority margin of 2.5 points. The investigators will routinely monitor for the following adverse events: frost bite, (unexpected) hospitalizations, and death.
Individuals from Arm 1 (Baseline Contact Allergen) who have been exposed to SADBE and/or known patch test allergens followed by skin and blood sampling. These individuals will be pre-treated via administration of a single dose of 1 biologic from the following list: dupilumab, adalimumab, ustekinumab, guselkumab, canakinumab, sarilumab; or a single application of 1 topical steroid from the following list: betamethasone valerate, triamcinolone acetonide, fluticasone propionate. Allergic contact dermatitis will then be induced and the skin sampled.
The invention relates to nymphaea-tetragona blood-sugar-reducing tea and a preparation method thereof. The blood-sugar-reducing tea comprises the main compositions of nymphaea tetragona, ganoderma sinense, momordica charantia, polygonatum odoratum, rhizoma dioscoreae, poria, cortex cinnamomi, oolong tea and the like, and is prepared according to a specific technology through concentration processing and extraction. The technology belongs to the field of medical health care. The invention aims at providing the pure natural drinking tea, and the tea employs nymphaea tetragona as the main composition for resisting diabetes, employs pure natural raw materials and applies medicines into tea for treating diabetes. The blood-sugar-reducing tea has definite therapeutic effect on diabetes, is capable of effectively reducing blood sugar and urine sugar of a patient, preventing various complications of diabetes, and is capable of completely replacing other blood-sugar-reducing medicines after being persistently used. Also the tea has the function of restoring tissue cells and enabling damaged pancreas functions to be gradually recovered, also is capable of fortifying spleen, boosting qi, adjusting kidney function, increasing self immunity and gradually improving in-vivo microcirculation, realizes the purpose of enabling blood qi circulation to be unobstructed and further realizes the effect of treating diabetes.
OBJECTIVE: Understanding the clinical and demographic profile of patients on gabapentinoids can highlight areas of prescribing disparities, inform clinical practice, and guide future research to optimize effectiveness and safety of gabapentinoids for pain management. We used a national sample of Medicare beneficiaries to examine trends, patterns, and patient-level predictors of gabapentinoid use among long-term opioid users.
METHODS: Using a national Medicare sample between 2014 and 2020, we examined factors associated with gabapentinoid use among long-term opioid users. We included Medicare eligible long-term opioid users with no prior gabapentinoid use. The primary outcome was gabapentinoid use after the long-term opioid use episode. Logistic regression was used to test the association with gabapentinoid use for year, age, sex, race/ethnicity, region, Medicare entitlement, low-income status, frailty, pain locations, anxiety, depression, opioid use disorder, and opioid morphine milligrams equivalent.
RESULTS: Gabapentinoid use among long-term opioid users increased from 12.6% in 2014 to 16.8% in 2019 (p < .0001). Factors associated with increased gabapentinoid use were Hispanic ethnicity, back pain, nerve pain, and moderate or high opioid usage. Factors associated with decreased gabapentinoid use were older age and Medicare entitlement due to old age.
CONCLUSIONS: Variation of gabapentinoid use by socio-demographics and insurance status indicates opportunities to improve pain management and a need for shared therapeutic decision making informed by discussion between pain patients and providers regarding safety and effectiveness of pain therapies. Our findings underscore the need for future research into the comparative effectiveness and safety of gabapentinoids for non-cancer chronic pain in various subpopulations.
HIV is a significant public health concern in the US, and African American youth (defined as the adolescent and young adults 16-21 years of age) are disproportionately affected. Furthermore, HIV risk behaviors, including substance use and sexual risk behaviors are prominent. Despite the disproportionately high rates of HIV infection and risk behaviors in youth, few youth report having ever been tested for HIV and many are not routinely screened for asymptomatic STIs as recommended by the Center for Disease Control. To address these significant public health concerns, a mobile-health (mHealth) intervention, Storytelling 4 Empowerment (S4E) was developed for health clinic settings. S4E has demonstrated high feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy among youth in clinic settings. The proposed research will determine the feasibility and acceptability of delivering S4E via near peers, as well as determine the preliminary efficacy of S4E to improve HIV self-testing immediately post-intervention in a community sample (n=20) of at-risk youth ages 16-21 living in Flint, Michigan by conducting a phase I, one-arm pilot study to examine the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of S4E in improving the uptake of HIV self-testing immediately post-intervention. A University-Community approach was taken to employ principles of Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) to determine the accessibility and acceptability of S4E when delivered by Near Peers.
OBJECTIVES: Chronic neuroinflammation has become one of the important causes of common neurodegeneration disease. Therefore, the target of this study was to explore the protective action of glabridin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation in vivo and in vitro and its mechanism.
METHODS: The neuroinflammation model was established by LPS-induced BV2 cells. The cell viability with various concentrations of glabridin was determined by MTT assay, and the content of NO in each group was detected. A neuroinflammatory model was established in male C57BL/6J mice for a water maze test. Subsequently, NF-κB and SOD indices were measured by ELISA, GFAP and IBA-1 indices were measured by immunofluorescence, and Nissl staining was used to explore the Nissl bodies in the hippocampus of mice.
RESULTS: In vitro experiments, our results expressed that glabridin could markedly increase the cell activity of LPS-induced BV2 cells and reduce the NO expression in cells. It indicated that glabridin had a remarkable impact on the neuroinflammation of LPS-induced BV2 cell protection. In vivo neuroinflammation experiments, mice treated with different doses of glabridin showed significantly improved ability of memory compared with the LPS group in the Morris water maze test. The levels of NF-κB, GFAP, and the number of positive cells in Nissl staining were decreased. High-dose glabridin significantly increased the SOD content in the brain tissue and decreased the IBA-1 levels.
CONCLUSION: Glabridin can significantly reduce or even reverse LPS-induced neuroinflammation, which may be related to the fact that glabridin can reduce the NO expression, NF-κB, IBA-1, GFAP, and other inflammatory mediators, upregulate the expression of SOD to relieve oxidative stress of brain and inhibit the activation of gliocyte in brain tissue.
Dentifrice containing the extract of Eugenia uniflora rip fruit. Each 10 ml of E. uniflora L. dentifrice comprises the following components: Hydroalcoholic extract of the ripe fruit of E. uniflora L. (3.0%), preservatives (parabens; 0.02 g), and dentifrice base (silicon dioxide, sodium lauryl sulfate, white dye, aromatic compounds, sodium saccharin, and Gangrez sodium salt; q.s.p.). Intervention protocol: three times per day (pea-like amount), for seven consecutive days.
Participants in this arm will receive a self-help book based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Participants will receive chapters each week, either electronically or by post, for 8 weeks.
AIMS: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is - along with acute pancreatitis - the most frequent cause of diabetes of the exocrine pancreas (DEP). Although insulin deficiency is widely accepted as the major feature of DEP, it is still unclear whether diabetes associated with CP is characterized by additional or different functional defects of the insulin secretory machinery. To identify possible functional defects specifically induced by CP, we performed a cross-sectional study in individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) comparing patients with and without CP (CP vs. NCP).
METHODS: We administered an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to all participants and, according to their glucose tolerance, classified them as NGT, IGT and DM. Insulin sensitivity and beta-cell functional parameters were derived from OGTT, hyperglycemic clamp and hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp.
RESULTS: Studying 146 subjects, we found that beta-cell function and insulin secretion were significantly lower in CP compared to NCP patients. However, when we classified the subjects according to OGTT-derived glucose tolerance, we found no differences in beta-cell function or in insulin sensitivity between CP and NCP with the same glucose tolerance status. Of note, we found that arginine-stimulated insulin secretion is reduced only in subjects with CP and DM compared to NCP subjects with DM.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with CP had no specific alterations in insulin secretion and beta-cell function. However, in patients diagnosed with diabetes, we found a lower arginine-stimulated insulin secretion, a marker of reduced functional mass.
The invention is a diet-typing system for humans, including novel methods for diagnosis and treatment of food allergies and hypersensitivities. The diagnostic method correlates blood types (immunologically reactive antigens on RBC, skin and membranes) to four kinds of food allergies/hypersensitivities (IgE antibodies, IgG antibodies, T-cells, and Lectins). The results are used to identify and predict food allergies and hypersensitivities for six biological types (blood types A1, A2, B, O, A1B, and A2B), plus diet modifications for three subtypes (blood type Rh-negative, males and females). The treatment method uses the results to make food recommendations (to eat, limit, or avoid), based on the strength or classification of allergy scores, to mitigate the risk of food allergies and hypersensitivities in future persons. The diet-typing system presents the results on six diet cards, one for each blood type. The methods and resulting diets are unique, and differ substantially from prior inventions.
BACKGROUND: Complications are common after major visceral surgery. Besides the patients, also surgeons may experience negative feelings by the patients suffering. Some studies have evaluated the mental burden caused by complications, mainly focusing on residents in different surgical specialties. No evidence exists on the mental burden of board-qualified visceral surgeons in Germany.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A point prevalence study was conducted using an online questionnaire. For the inclusion of participants, all departments of visceral surgery at German university hospitals were addressed. The objective of the online questionnaire was to elaborate the perception of complications and the coping mechanisms used by the surgeons with the aim to characterize the mental burden and possible improvement strategies.
RESULTS: A total of 113 questionnaires were answered, 98 being complete. 73.2% of the participants were male, 46.9% were consultants and had a working experience of 11-20 years. Most common specialties were colorectal and general surgery and 91.7% claimed to have caused complications Clavien-Dindo grade IV or V. Subsequently, predominant feelings were anger, grief, self-doubt and guilt. The fear of being blamed by colleagues or to lose reputation were high. Especially female and younger surgeons showed those fears. Coping mechanisms used to overcome those negative feelings were interaction with friends and family (60.6%) or proactive training (59.6%). Only 17.2% of the institutions offered professional support. In institutions where no support was offered, 71.6% of the surgeons asked for support.
CONCLUSION: Surgical complications cause major psychological burden in surgeons in German university hospitals. Main coping mechanisms are communication with friends and families and professional education. Vulnerable subgroups, such as younger surgeons, may be at risk of suffering more from perceived mental distress. Nonetheless, the majority did not receive but asked for professional counselling. Thus, structured institutional support may ameliorate care for both surgeon and patient.
Resistance exercise and protein supplementation are recognized as effective treatment strategies for age-related sarcopenia; however, there are limited data on their feasibility, tolerability, and safety. The primary outcome of this study was feasibility, evaluated through the 15-item TELOS (Technological, Economics, Legal, Operational, and Scheduling) feasibility components and by recruitment, retention, and consent rates. Tolerability was measured by examining permanent treatment discontinuation, treatment interruption, exercise dose modification, early termination, rescheduling of missed sessions, losses to follow-up, attendance, and nutritional compliance. Safety was evaluated using the parameters provided by the European Medicines Agency, adapted for exercise interventions. Thirty-two subjects were recruited (average age 81.6 [SD 9.3] years). The TELOS components were assessed before the intervention; out of 15 questions relevant for successful implementation, 4 operational needs answers required specific actions to prevent potential barriers. The recruitment rate was 74%. Eleven patients (34.4%) had permanent treatment interruption (retention rate = 65.6%). Patients attended a mean of 23 (SD 12.0) exercise sessions, with a mean of 56 (SD 32.6) nutritional compliances. A total of 21 patients (65.6%) experienced adverse events unrelated to the intervention, while 7 patients (21.9%) presented adverse reactions to strength exercise. The main barriers to feasibility were operational components and recruitment challenges. Although the intervention was generally safe, the high rate of probable adverse effects, unrelated to the intervention but associated with the individual's baseline health condition, may affect adherence to treatment programs of this kind.
The Phase I part of this study will perform a dose-escalation to identify the recommended Phase II dose of LAE001/prednisone plus afuresertib in m-CRPC patients.

In the Phase II part of this study, the anti-tumor efficacy of LAE001/prednisone plus afuresertib and docetaxel/prednisone plus afuresertib will be assessed in mCRPC patients with PTEN loss and/or PIK3CA/AKT/PTEN alteration who have progressed on, or who are intolerant of, 1-3 prior standard treatments for mCSPC, or nmCRPC, or mCRPC, including at least one antiandrogen treatment and no more than one chemotherapy. Participants will be assigned to one of the two study cohorts, based on the investigator's clinical judgement. Cohort 1 will receive LAE001/prednisone plus afuresertib using RP2D established in the Phase I study. Cohort 2 will receive docetaxel/prednisone plus afuresertib, with a safety run-in period during the first cycle in the first 6 patients. These study results will provide preliminary efficacy and safety information of the combination of LAE001/prednisone plus afuresertib and docetaxel/prednisone plus afuresertib as requested in the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) combined therapy guideline. Whether to move one or both combination therapies to the pivotal study will be based on the PFS improvements of the combination therapy versus historical controls of abiraterone or docetaxel monotherapies in mCRPC patients who failed 1-3 lines of standard of care therapies.
PURPOSE:To provide a drug for food poisoning, containing a zeolite substance selected from synthetic zeolite, natural zeolite and silicic clay as an active component, effective in protecting the mucosa in the stomach and intestine and detoxicating toxic substances and rapidly eliminating the syndrome of food poisoning. CONSTITUTION:The objective drug for food poisoning contains a zeolite substance selected from synthetic zeolite, natural zeolite and silicic clay or their mixture as an active component. The zeolite substance is preferably used in the form of fine powder passing through a 500-1,000 mesh sieve. An analgesic effect develops within 15-20min by the administration of usually two teaspoonful (about 5g) of the agent. The zeolite substance protects the sore of the mucosa of stomach and intestine and adsorbs and decomposes toxic ion and gas to detoxicate the toxic substances. It is available at a low cost, gives no side effects and exhibits remarkable effect for the rapid amelioration and early recovery of the syndrome of food poisoning.
All patients enrolled have a form of inflammatory arthritis and at least one uncontrolled CV risk factor (i.e. blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol, HbA1C, or current tobacco use). Pharmacist will assess each participants CV risk score using the validated RxEACH CV risk calculator. Over the 6 month intervention period, pharmacists will assist patients to modify a contributing risk factor thru treatment recommendations, prescription adaptation, and prescribing where necessary to meet treatment targets.
Reducing infections caused by S. aureus is essential. The knowledge that colonization at a few key body sites such as the nose and the gastrointestinal tract is a prerequisite for infection2 ,3 offers an opportunity for therapeutic intervention. Thirty percent of the population has nasal colonization with S. aureus. In the last few years, decolonization agents such as mupirocin topical ointment and oral antibiotics such as doxycycline and rifampin have been studied for their utility in reducing colonization. However, these options have limitations in that recolonization is common, the impact of these interventions on multiple sites of colonization has not been assessed and resistance develops frequently to any of these, especially the oral antibiotics. Resistance in S. aureus has been designated a public health crisis. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) now accounts for 60% of all S. aureus infections. As an example of the growing crisis in S. aureus resistance, it should be noted that the number of MRSA infections rose from 2000 in 1993 to 368,000 in 2005. MRSA infections pose an even greater health and economic burden on the population than those caused by methicillin-sensitive S. aureus.4-8 S. aureus and MRSA infection trends in the VA health system mirror national trends5 and are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality in Veterans. A treatment that reduces S. aureus and MRSA colonization, without a risk of promoting antibiotic resistance could represent a breakthrough in decolonization therapy. Probiotics may be one such treatment option.

Probiotics are live microorganisms that are available over the counter, widely used as dietary supplements or nutritional foods and represent a low-cost, well tolerated, safe, non-antibiotic based strategy that may have efficacy for decolonization without the attendant risks of promoting antimicrobial resistance.9 Certain probiotics, including Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001, have demonstrated ability to stimulate systemic immune functions, possibly enhancing the body's ability to eradicate S. aureus in the gastrointestinal tract and at sites remote from the gastrointestinal tract such as the nose.10 ,11 The long-term goal of this research is to identify and test novel interventions for reducing infections caused by resistant bacteria. The investigators propose a Phase II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in Veterans to evaluate the efficacy of an oral probiotic, Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001, for reducing S. aureus colonization. This study will produce data, methods, and tools that have widespread relevance and portability, with the potential to reduce healthcare-associated infections.
The invention discloses bromhidrosis powder. The inventor uses the bromhidrosis powder for a long term from the time when bromhidrosis is found to now and feels good, and makes some improvement and processing of the original bromhidrosis powder In daily life, people with bromhidrosis often have such odor so as to suffer from embarrassment at work. The bromhidrosis powder can eliminate the odor of people with bromhidrosis in life and at work. By referring to relevant data, the original bromhidrosis powder is improved and processed. The main raw materials comprise alum, essence (prepared from essential oil), distilled water and the like. The bromhidrosis powder has no environmental pollution and no pigment. The bromhidrosis powder is prepared from raw materials costing 8.00 yuan/kg, has long storage life, and is convenient to carry.