anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: The first international consensus criteria for optic neuritis (ICON) were published in 2022. We applied these criteria to a prospective, global observational study of acute optic neuritis (ON).
METHODS: We included 160 patients with a first-ever acute ON suggestive of a demyelinating CNS disease from the Acute Optic Neuritis Network (ACON). We applied the 2022 ICON to all participants and subsequently adjusted the ICON by replacing a missing relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) or dyschromatopsia if magnetic resonance imaging pathology of the optical nerve plus optical coherence tomography abnormalities or certain biomarkers are present.
RESULTS: According to the 2022 ICON, 80 (50%) patients were classified as definite ON, 12 (7%) patients were classified as possible ON, and 68 (43%) as not ON (NON). The main reasons for classification as NON were absent RAPD (52 patients, 76%) or dyschromatopsia (49 patients, 72%). Distribution of underlying ON etiologies was as follows: 78 (49%) patients had a single isolated ON, 41 (26%) patients were diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, 25 (16%) patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease, and 15 (9%) with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. The application of the adjusted ON criteria yielded a higher proportion of patients classified as ON (126 patients, 79%).
INTERPRETATION: According to the 2022 ICON, almost half of the included patients in ACON did not fulfill the requirements for classification of definite or possible ON, particularly due to missing RAPD and dyschromatopsia. Thorough RAPD examination and formal color vision testing are critical to the application of the 2022 ICON.
Abstract (modified after achievement of Aims 1 and 2):

Treatment adherence in type 1 diabetes (T1D) tends to decline among adolescents, increasing risks of acute and chronic complications, excess health care use, poorer quality of life, and T1D-related family conflict. Poor adherence is associated with psychiatric and family dysfunction and often persists into early adulthood. Therapeutic advances such as continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII or "insulin pump") and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) could improve metabolic control and quality of life.

But, teens often do not benefit fully from such advances. Many studies of adults show that patient-centered communication styles predict more favorable clinical outcomes. Shared medical decision making (SMDM) interventions have improved outcomes among adults with diabetes and other conditions. Research in pediatrics has also shown that patient-centered and family-centered communication styles predict favorable outcomes, but most of this research is in primary care and has not studied youth with chronic conditions. Since there have been no controlled trials of SMDM with chronically ill youths, we propose a randomized controlled trial of an SMDM intervention compared with Usual Clinical Practice (UCP). Qualitative interviews of youths and parents who have previously faced these decisions and reliance on expert consultants, pediatric endocrinologists and diabetes educators have preceded this trial and provided valued input for refining the planned intervention and adapting the structured SMDM format for pediatrics. Now, we will recruit and randomize 166 11-\<17 year old youth with T1D who are candidates for CSII or CGM (and a parent/caregiver) at all Nemours sites. The SMDM intervention will be delivered via a web-based platform, facilitated by Diabetes Educators (DEs) at each site in a standardized, yet individually tailored format. SMDM will employ multimedia "decision aids" prepared with the award-winning Nemours Center for Children's Health Media and the "e-city interactive" web design firm in Philadelphia in accord with pertinent international standards. SMDM will also include individualized assistance from the DE in assuring that each youth's and parent's preferences, values and cultural beliefs are carefully addressed and communicated to the attending endocrinologist. After a baseline evaluation and randomization to SMDM or UCP, effects on the primary outcome (treatment adherence; device utilization) and secondary outcomes (glycemic control, treatment alliance, decision conflict and regret, treatment satisfaction, diabetes-related distress and self-efficacy) will be measured over 1 year. Mixed effects modeling will be the primary analytic technique for evaluating effects on primary/secondary outcomes, examining selected variables as moderators and mediators of treatment effects, and assessing whether such effects are comparable for the two medical decisions of interest. The results will verify whether SMDM in this context enhances treatment adherence, device use and parent/patient-reported outcomes in youth with T1D.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcomes of nutritional intervention on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease parameters, and to determine the reasons for non-compliance with nutritional therapy.
METHODS: The interventional study was conducted from May 2020 to October 2022 at the National Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal diseases, Dow University Hospital, Ojha Campus, Karachi, and comprised patients of either gender aged 18-65 years who had been diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on abdominal ultrasound. Anthropometrics, physical activity level, and biochemical markers were evaluated at baseline and 6 months after the intervention that involved nutritional assessment, counselling and guidance related to dietary modification and optimisation of physical activity level. The effect of the intervention was evaluated by improvement in liver enzymes, biochemical parameters, anthropometric indices and any change in the level of physical activity. The reasons for noncompliance were also recorded. Data was analysed using SPSS 22.
RESULTS: Out of 118 subjects enrolled, 61(51.69%) completed the study. Most patients were females 81(68.6%), married 25(21.2%) and housewives 64(54.2%). There were 16(26.2%) subjects who had 3-10kg weight reduction. The reduction in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels was not significant (p>0.05). Also, no significant change was observed in the level of physical activity compared to the baseline (p>0.05). Overall, 27(44.3%) patients showed compliance with treatment. The main reasons for noncompliance were lack of time 21(34.4) and knee joint pain 5(8.2%).
CONCLUSION: Lifestyle modification can be beneficial for weight-loss in the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, awareness of its importance and willingness in initiating real-life practical steps with subsequent adherence to dietary therapy was found lacking in the sample studied.
Subjects will receive a single oral dose of 60 mL tart cherry concentrate. After a 2 week wash-out subjects will cross over into the 120 mL dose group.
A star polypeptide for use as a medicament, the star polypeptide comprising or consisting of a core and polypeptide arms radiating from the core. The star polypeptide may be used to deliver a therapeutic cargo and/or for its intrinsic properties. Therapeutic cargoes include a protein(e.g. VEGF); a nucleic acid (e.g. in vitro transcribed mRNA or microRNA); and/or a drug (e.g. diclofenac, azithromycin and/or rifampicin). Intrinsic properties include osteogenesis, angiogenesis and inhibition of bacteria.
BACKGROUND: Clinical practice guidelines emphasize shared decision-making for kidney replacement treatment, yet little is known about the influence of cultural differences on that process. We undertook a retrospective chart review to explore the process and timing of dialysis decision making and initiation in Chinese American patients to provide quality kidney care for this population.
DESIGN: Participants received outpatient care at Tufts Medical Center and dialysis at Dialysis Clinic, Inc. Boston or Somerville, MA from 2001-2021. Clinic chart review sourced demographic, clinical, and end-of-life care information from 180 participants (82 Chinese American, 98 other) from stage 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dialysis initiation.
RESULTS: Chinese American participants were older (mean 70 vs. 59, p < 0.0001), less likely to speak English (12% vs. 87%, p < 0.0001), and used interpreter services more (80% vs. 11%, p < 0.0001). Chinese American participants had more visits (median 14 vs. 10, p = 0.005); were more often accompanied by family members (75% vs. 40%, p < 0.001); and had significantly lower rates of healthcare proxy documentation (35% vs. 55%, p = 0.006). There was no statistical difference in months between first CKD 4 visit and first dialysis. Both groups started dialysis at the same average eGFR and with similar rates of permanent dialysis access. Chinese American participants had significantly lower serum albumin at dialysis initiation (mean 3.3 g/dL vs 3.7 g/dL, p = 0.0003). Documentation reflected a low number of conversations about non-dialytic care, end-of-life planning, or palliative care in both groups across all visits.
CONCLUSION: The time between CKD 4 and dialysis initiation was the same in both groups, suggesting a similar overall outcome of care. Chart documentation suggests that Chinese American participants had a significantly higher number of visits with nephrologists where discussion about dialysis was noted and were more likely to have a family member present at the visit. Fewer Chinese American participants completed healthcare proxies. Among all study participants, healthcare proxy, code status, and palliative care discussions were reported less frequently than expected. These findings highlight opportunities for collaboration between palliative care clinicians and nephrologists.
PURPOSE:To contrive the improvement of the dispersibility and dispersion stability regarding fine solids of a liq. dispersant for use as liq. detergent, liq. dentifrice, abrasives and colloidal emulsion by using as the dispersant a glucose fatty acid ester having 10-14C acryl group. CONSTITUTION:There is obtained a liq. dispersant which has an excellent dispersion force and is capable of dispersing fine solids in a liq. with a high stability by using as the dispersant a glucose fatty acid ester having 10-14C acyl group. The liq. dispersant contg. the monoester of the glucose fatty acid ester in an amt. of at least 75wt.% and the monoester and diester in a weight ratio of (100:0)-(70:30) is particularly preferable. This liq. dispersant is useful as liq. detergent, liq. dentifrice, abrasives, colloidal emulsion, wet ink, wet pigment, etc.
ACCUPRIL is indicated as adjunctive therapy when added to conventional therapy including diuretics and/or digitalis. The recommended starting dose is 5 mg twice daily. This dose may improve symptoms of heart failure, but increases in exercise duration have generally required higher doses. Therefore, if the initial dosage of ACCUPRIL is well tolerated, patients should then be titrated at weekly intervals until an effective dose, usually 20 to 40 mg daily given in two equally divided doses, is reached or undesirable hypotension, orthostatis, or azotemia (see WARNINGS) prohibit reaching this dose.

Following the initial dose of ACCUPRIL, the patient should be observed under medical supervision for at least two hours for the presence of hypotension or orthostatis and, if present, until blood pressure stabilizes. The appearance of hypotension, orthostatis, or azotemia early in dose titration should not preclude further careful dose titration. Consideration should be given to reducing the dose of concomitant diuretics.
Preliminary evidence from case series and small open-label trials suggests that psychedelics may be promising candidates for the treatment of several pain-related diseases such as chronic pain, migraine, cluster headache or phantom limb pain. However, data from rigorously conducted and randomized clinical trials are lacking. Additionally, the potential acute analgesic properties of psychedelics remain poorly characterized. For instance, it is unclear whether psychedelics possess acute antinociceptive effects or if they rather modulate secondary pain phenomena such as hyperalgesia, allodynia, and/or functional pain. Here, the investigators will employ a validated electrical stimulation model in healthy volunteers that produces acute nociceptive pain but also features of chronic pain such as hyperalgesia and allodynia. The model is established for the detailed assessment of the analgesic effect of known analgesics or new compounds. Thus, the investigators will evaluate the efficacy of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), a classical and naturally-occurring psychedelic, on different pain qualities within this model. DMT differs from other classical psychedelics in its very short elimination half-life. Due to its rapid metabolization by monoaminoxidases (MAO), DMT is not orally bioavailable in the absence of MAO-inhibitors and thus has to be administered continuously and intravenously. Recently, the investigators tested several continuous intravenous administration regimes of DMT that lead to the induction of a constant and rapidly adaptable psychedelic state. The regime allows to induce stable DMT effect that can be terminated rapidly. Due to this controllability, a continuous infusion of intravenous DMT is most suitable to assess time and concentration-dependent analgesic effects within the used pain model. The analgesic efficacy of DMT will be compared to ketamine, a known analgesic (positive control), and placebo.
FIELD: food and cosmetic industry. SUBSTANCE: method involves preparing lactic acid product based on lactobacterium and/or bifidobacterium and addition natural biologically active additions based on polysaccharides followed by homogenization and cooling ready agent to storage temperature. Chitosan gel is used as natural biologically active polysaccharide-base additions at ratio of lactic acid product based on lactobacterium and/or bifidobacterium and chitosan gel = (1:9)-(35:1). For preparing food product food dye and/or preserving agent, for example, sucrose and/or fruit-berry additions are added additionally at the following ratio of components, wt.-%: lactic acid product based on lactobacterium and/or bifidobacterium 60-97; food dye and/or preserving agent, for example, sucrose and/or fruit-berry additions 0.01-5.0, and chitosan gel - the rest. For preparing cosmetic agent preserving agent and/or perfume are added additionally to product at the following ratio of components, wt.-%: lactic acid product based on lactobacterium and/or bifidobacterium 10-70; preserving agent and/or perfume 0.01-0.5, and chitosan gel - the rest. EFFECT: improved method of preparing, enhanced nutrient value and effectiveness, broadened region of using. 4 cl
The invention discloses a pure traditional Chinese medicine compound external liniment for treating alopecia areata and alopecia and enabling the alopecia areata and the alopecia to be rapidly regenerated, which consists of A, B two groups of traditional Chinese medicine formulas. The A preparation is prepared from 9 Chinese medicinal materials including wild aconite root, rhubarb, cantharis, etc. and the B preparation is prepared from 13 Chinese medicinal materials including Sichuan aconite root, thunder god vine, arborvitae tops, etc. and serves as the effective hair-growing liquid. The two solutions are matched with each other and externally applied to a alopecia areata and alopecia area, and have very remarkable hair growth effect. The invention has simple preparation, convenient use, excellent effect and small side effect. Has wide application prospect. (the invention can also be used for treating neurodermatitis and various stubborn dermatitis with remarkable effect)
Animal reproduction studies have yielded inconclusive results. (See also ANIMAL PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY.)

There have been no well-controlled studies conducted with pregnant women to determine the effect of imipramine hydrochloride on the fetus. However, there have been clinical reports of congenital malformations associated with the use of the drug. Although a causal relationship between these effects and the drug could not be established, the possibility of fetal risk from the maternal ingestion of imipramine hydrochloride cannot be excluded. Therefore, imipramine hydrochloride should be used in women who are or might become pregnant only if the clinical condition clearly justifies potential risk to the fetus
OBJECTIVE: Extranodal extension (ENE) is an important prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of stratifying minor or major ENE in OSCC.
STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study included 75 patients who had undergone neck dissection for OSCC and were classified as pN+. ENE was measured using hematoxylin-eosin-stained specimens and stratified into major (ENEma, >2 mm) and minor (ENEmi, ≤2 mm) by distance. Their association with survival, locoregional relapse, and distant metastases were assessed.
RESULTS: Of 49 patients with pathological ENE, 23 had ENEmi, and 26 had ENEma. The 5-year overall survival (OS) was 38%, 66%, and 76% in the ENEma, ENEmi, and no ENE groups, respectively. Compared with no ENE, ENEma was associated with significantly decreased 5-year cumulative OS and disease-specific survival. ENEma was a risk factor for decreased OS (HR: 2.54, 95% CI: 1.04-6.18, P = .040) in the multivariable Cox regression analysis, and was associated with distant metastasis.
CONCLUSION: In patients with OSCC, ENEma is associated with a significantly poorer prognosis; therefore stratifying ENE is clinically relevant. ENEma may increase the risk of distant metastasis; therefore, new treatment modalities that contribute to distant metastasis control are required.
Participants will be registered to a mobile community at first. After 6 weeks, They will leave the mobile community.
Renal impairment is a risk factor for myopathy and rhabdomyolysis. Monitor all patients with renal impairment for development of myopathy.

In patients with severe renal impairment, the recommended starting dose is pravastatin sodium 10 mg once daily. The maximum recommended dosage in patients with severe renal impairment is pravastatin sodium 40 mg once daily. The recommended dosage for patients with mild or moderate renal impairment is the same as patients with normal renal function. [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.4), Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1), Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3)].
Patients who are \>= 20 years and diagnosed with H. pylori infection either by rapid urease test or by histology from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2019 are reviewed retrospectively. Patients are excluded if they ever received H. pylori eradication before. Patient characteristics, including age, sex, and the parameters of the Charlson scores, are recorded and analyzed. Moreover, the tablet number and varieties of medications patients took for underlying diseases are also recorded. If the patients' Charlson scores \>= 2, they are divided into the Charlson scores \>= 2 group.
The adult mammalian heart contains a large population of pericytes that play important roles in homeostasis and disease. In the normal heart, pericytes regulate microvascular permeability and flow. Myocardial diseases are associated with marked alterations in pericyte phenotype and function. This review manuscript discusses the role of pericytes in cardiac homeostasis and disease. Following myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac pericytes participate in all phases of cardiac repair. During the inflammatory phase, pericytes may secrete cytokines and chemokines and may regulate leukocyte trafficking, through formation of intercellular gaps that serve as exit points for inflammatory cells. Moreover, pericyte contraction induces microvascular constriction, contributing to the pathogenesis of 'no-reflow' in ischemia and reperfusion. During the proliferative phase, pericytes are activated by growth factors, such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and contribute to fibrosis, predominantly through secretion of fibrogenic mediators. A fraction of pericytes acquires fibroblast identity but contributes only to a small percentage of infarct fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. As the scar matures, pericytes form a coat around infarct neovessels, promoting stabilization of the vasculature. Pericytes may also be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure, by regulating inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis and myocardial perfusion. Pericytes are also important targets of viral infections (such as SARS-CoV2) and may be implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac complications of COVID19. Considering their role in myocardial inflammation, fibrosis and angiogenesis, pericytes may be promising therapeutic targets in myocardial disease.
Stroke warning syndromes manifest as brief, recurring episodes of focal neurological deficits that precede definitive brain ischaemia. Although the mechanisms remain unclear, intermittent hypoperfusion in specific vascular territories may explain these phenomena. A man in his 60s with vascular risk factors experienced recurrent episodes of sudden loss of consciousness. Initial imaging and tests were normal, excluding other potential causes. MRI revealed bilateral thalamic infarction and the presence of an artery of the Percheron variant. We propose 'thalamic warning syndrome' as a new term for this clinical presentation, characterised by recurrent transient loss of consciousness and a high risk of subsequent thalamic infarction. Early recognition of this syndrome can aid in the initial management and prognosis of similar cases, potentially preventing more severe neurological impairments.
BACKGROUND: The 2022 world guidelines for falls prevention and management suggest measuring sensory function including dizziness, vision, and hearing. These variables are not included in the falls risk stratification algorithm. This study sought to investigate the utility of the guidelines and potential avenues for improvement. This study applied the falls risk stratification recommendations and reviewed the individual sensory impairment risk factor variables predictive of falls and falls risk grouping in those assessed by a frailty intervention team (FIT) based in an emergency department (ED).
METHODS: Patients over 65 years old who attended the ED and had a comprehensive geriatric assessment carried out by FIT over a period of four months were included in this retrospective cross-sectional study. Patient characteristics, medication, physical and sensory function status data was retrieved and analysed with respect to falls and falls risk grouping.
RESULTS: Data was gathered retrospectively from 392 patients. Excluding those with missing data, almost all attendees were in the high-risk of falls category (n = 170, 43.4%), or the low-risk category (n = 149, 38.0%). Few people were in the intermediate-risk category (n = 19, 4.8%). Hearing loss and dizziness were significantly associated with falls incidence, whereas vision and balance were not. Hearing loss, balance and dizziness were significantly associated with risk grouping, whereas vision was not.
CONCLUSIONS: Most older adults included in the analysis fell into the low- or high-risk categories, with a minority in the intermediate-risk category. This suggests that the inclusion criteria for the intermediate category could be altered for greater sensitivity. While impaired balance and vision were the most common impairments, hearing status, balance and dizziness were associated with risk group. These results, through a practical application of the world guidelines for falls to an acute clinical sample, raise the possibility of refining the falls risk stratification criteria, and highlight the capacity for additional sensory intervention to mitigate falls risk.