anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
As a consequence of inhibiting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, changes in renal function may be anticipated in some individuals treated with ATACAND. In patients whose renal function may depend upon the activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (eg, patients with severe heart failure), treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor antagonists has been associated with oliguria and/or progressive azotemia and (rarely) with acute renal failure and/or death. Similar results may be anticipated in patients treated with ATACAND [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY (12.3)].

In studies of ACE inhibitors in patients with unilateral or bilateral renal artery stenosis, increases in serum creatinine or blood urea nitrogen (BUN) have been reported. There has been no long-term use of ATACAND in patients with unilateral or bilateral renal artery stenosis, but similar results may be expected.

In heart failure patients treated with ATACAND, increases in serum creatinine may occur. Dosage reduction or discontinuation of the diuretic or ATACAND, and volume repletion may be required. In the CHARM program, the incidence of abnormal renal function (e.g., creatinine increase) was 12.5% in patients treated with ATACAND versus 6.3% in patients treated with placebo. The incidence of abnormal renal function (eg, creatinine increase) leading to drug discontinuation in ATACAND-treated patients was 6.3% compared with 2.9% in placebo-treated patients. Evaluation of patients with heart failure should always include assessment of renal function and volume status. Monitoring of serum creatinine is recommended during dose escalation and periodically thereafter. 

Pediatrics - ATACAND has not been studied in children with estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73m2.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Slowly expanding lesions (SELs) are thought to represent a subset of chronic active lesions and have been associated with clinical disability, severity, and disease progression. The purpose of this study was to characterize SELs using advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures related to myelin and neurite density on 7 Tesla (T) MRI.
METHODS: The study design was retrospective, longitudinal, observational cohort with multiple sclerosis (n = 15). Magnetom 7T scanner was used to acquire magnetization-prepared 2 rapid acquisition gradient echo and advanced MRI including visualization of short transverse relaxation time component (ViSTa) for myelin, quantitative magnetization transfer (qMT) for myelin, and neurite orientation dispersion density imaging (NODDI). SELs were defined as lesions showing ≥12% of growth over 12 months on serial MRI. Comparisons of quantitative measures in SELs and non-SELs were performed at baseline and over time. Statistical analyses included two-sample t-test, analysis of variance, and mixed-effects linear model for MRI metrics between lesion types.
RESULTS: A total of 1075 lesions were evaluated. Two hundred twenty-four lesions (21%) were SELs, and 216 (96%) of the SELs were black holes. At baseline, compared to non-SELs, SELs showed significantly lower ViSTa (1.38 vs. 1.53, p < .001) and qMT (2.47 vs. 2.97, p < .001) but not in NODDI measures (p > .27). Longitudinally, only ViSTa showed a greater loss when comparing SEL and non-SEL (p = .03).
CONCLUSIONS: SELs have a lower myelin content relative to non-SELs without a difference in neurite measures. SELs showed a longitudinal decrease in apparent myelin water fraction reflecting greater tissue injury.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the association of surgeon self-reported gender on clinical outcomes in contemporary US surgical practice.
BACKGROUND: Previous research has suggested that there are potentially improved surgical outcomes for female surgeons, yet the underlying causal path for this association remains unclear.
METHODS: Using the Vizient Clinical Database(2016-2021), 39 operations categorized by the CDC's National Healthcare Safety Network were analyzed. The surgeon self-reported gender as the primary exposure. The primary outcome was a composite of in-hospital death, complications, and/or 30-day readmission. Multivariable logistic regression and propensity score matching were used for risk adjustment.
RESULTS: The analysis included 4,882,784 patients operated on by 11,955 female surgeons (33% of surgeons performing 21% of procedures) and 23,799 male surgeons (67% of surgeons performing 79% of procedures). Female surgeons were younger (45±9 vs males-53±11 y; P <0.0001) and had lower operative volumes. Unadjusted incidence of the primary outcome was 13.6%(10.7%-female surgeons, 14.3%-male surgeons; P <0.0001). After propensity matching, the primary outcome occurred in 13.0% of patients [12.9%-female, 13.0%-male; OR (M vs. F)=1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.03; P =0.001), with female surgeons having small statistical associations with lower mortality and complication rates but not readmissions. Procedure-specific analyses revealed inconsistent or no surgeon-gender associations.
CONCLUSIONS: In the largest analysis to date, surgeon self-reported gender had a small statistical, clinically marginal correlation with postoperative outcomes. The variation across surgical specialties and procedures suggests that the association with surgeon gender is unlikely causal for the observed differences in outcomes. Patients should be reassured that surgeon gender alone does not have a clinically meaningful impact on their outcome.
Following overdose, serum caffeine levels have ranged from approximately 24 mg/L (a postmarketing spontaneous case report in which an infant exhibited irritability, poor feeding, and insomnia) to 350 mg/L. Serious toxicity has been associated with serum levels greater than 50 mg/L (see PRECAUTIONS, Laboratory Tests and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION). Signs and symptoms reported in the literature after caffeine overdose in preterm infants include fever, tachypnea, jitteriness, insomnia, fine tremor of the extremities, hypertonia, opisthotonos, tonic-clonic movements, nonpurposeful jaw and lip movements, vomiting, hyperglycemia, elevated blood urea nitrogen, and elevated total leukocyte concentration. Seizures have also been reported in cases of overdose. One case of caffeine overdose complicated by development of intraventricular hemorrhage and long-term neurological sequelae has been reported. Another case of caffeine citrate overdose (from New Zealand) of an estimated 600 mg caffeine citrate (approximately 322 mg/kg) administered over 40 minutes was complicated by tachycardia, ST depression, respiratory distress, heart failure, gastric distention, acidosis, and a severe extravasation burn with tissue necrosis at the peripheral intravenous injection site. No deaths associated with caffeine overdose have been reported in preterm infants.

Treatment of caffeine overdose is primarily symptomatic and supportive. Caffeine levels have been shown to decrease after exchange transfusions. Convulsions may be treated with intravenous administration of diazepam or a barbiturate such as pentobarbital sodium.
BACKGROUND: Prior studies report associations of maternal serum Lamin A, encoded by the LMNA gene, with fetal congenital heart disease (CHD). It is unknown whether DNA methylation (DNAm) of cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites in LMNA impacts the CHD susceptibility.
METHODS: We investigated the associations of LMNA DNAm with CHD using publicly available data of CHD cases (n = 197) and controls (n = 134) from the Gene Expression Omnibus repository. Peripheral blood DNAm was measured using Illumina 850 K BeadChip for cases and 450 K BeadChip for controls. We tested 31 LMNA CpGs to identify differences in DNAm between cases and controls using linear regression correcting for multiple testing with false discovery rate (FDR). In a case-only analysis, we tested the variations in LMNA DNAm between CHD subtypes. To identify the consistency of DNAm across tissue types we compared peripheral blood (n = 197) and heart tissue DNAm (n = 20) in CHD cases.
RESULTS: After adjusting for age, sex, and cell types there were significant differences in 17 of the 31 LMNA CpGs between CHD cases and controls (FDR p ≤ .05). We identified lower DNAm of cg09820673 at 3' UTR for hypoplastic left heart syndrome compared to other CHD subtypes. Three CpGs exhibited uniform DNAm in blood and heart tissues in cases. Eleven CpGs showed changes in the same direction in blood and heart tissues in cases compared to controls.
CONCLUSION: We identify statistically significant differences in LMNA DNAm between CHD cases and controls. Future studies should investigate the role of maternal LMNA DNAm in CHD development.
The invention discloses a fast disintegrating Chinese medicine extracted antihypertensive tablet, which is prepared by mixing ginseng, kudzu root, oyster, medlar, cordyceps militaris, earthworm protein, hawthorn, corn stigma, wax gourd, gardenia peel, selfheal, cassia seed, chrysanthemum, sea buckthorn, isomaltose hypgather, starch and other substances, and the preparation process comprises the steps of screening and processing, extracting, granulating, drying, tabletting and the like. The inventive process adopted in the extraction section can improve the utilization rate of the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicine to the maximum extent, the extraction process is simple, and the improved process antihypertensive tablet has high dissolution speed, high bioavailability and good stability. The formula of the invention contains a plurality of traditional Chinese medicine extracts, and the functions of the medicines are respectively long and short, and only through reasonable organization, adjustment of bias, preparation of toxicity, enhancement or change of original functions, elimination or alleviation of adverse factors to human bodies, and playing a complementary or opposite comprehensive role, so that various groups of medicines with characteristics are combined into a new organic whole, and the medicine effect can be played to the maximum extent and the side effect can be reduced. In addition, the adopted concept of medicine-food homologous nutrition immunology is more humanized, and the treatment experience is better. After the product is taken for one week, the western medicine for reducing blood pressure can be stopped, and the blood pressure index can be normal within 1-2 months after the product is continuously taken. The invention not only can reduce the blood pressure of a patient, but also can reduce the loss of calcium in urine and prevent osteoporosis.
INTRODUCTION: Cachexia is strongly associated with digestive cancers, particularly oesogastric cancer. Mitochondria in adipose tissue are involved in the regulation of metabolism and physiopathology of cancer cachexia in animal studies. Chemotherapeutic regimens used to control tumour development could also alter mitochondrial function in adipose tissue. We hypothesise that cachexia induces an increase in adipose tissue mitochondrial energy metabolism and that chemotherapy can mitigate this. The purpose of the ChiFMeOE study is to identify adipocyte factors involved in the energy imbalance associated with the cachectic process and their response to chemotherapeutic treatments in patients with oesogastric cancer.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: ChiFMeOE is a single-centre observational study that will prospectively include 60 patients referred to chemotherapy and surgery for oesophageal and gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinomas at the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, France. Visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies will be collected during surgery scheduled before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy administration, as well as cachexia and nutritional assessment. The primary outcome is the maximum mitochondrial respiration rate (Vmax) measured by high-resolution respirometry. Secondary outcomes are other mitochondrial parameters (ie, enzymatic activities, proteins content and gene expression), tumour characteristics, nutritional status and body composition.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study was approved by an independent institutional review board on June 2023 (Comité de protection des personnes Sud-Méditerranée V; 2023-A00582-43) and declared to the French regulatory authority for research. Written informed consent will be obtained prior to patient inclusion. The principal investigator will be notified of any changes in patient's health status requiring a modification of his management and/or treatment during the course of the protocol. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05954117.
All patients receive placebo for a 7 day run in period. Patients being treated with tamoxifen randomized to Arm II received placebo daily for 12 weeks.
Monobasic Sodium Phosphate and Dibasic Sodium Phosphate Tablets (sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate and sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous) is an osmotic laxative used to clean the colon prior to colonoscopy. Monobasic Sodium Phosphate and Dibasic Sodium Phosphate Tablets is manufactured with a highly soluble tablet binder and does not contain microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). Monobasic Sodium Phosphate and Dibasic Sodium Phosphate Tablets are white to off-white uncoated tablet, modified oval shaped, biconvex, bisect on one side and plain on the other. Debossed "N" on the left side of the bisect and "03" on the right side of the bisect. Each Monobasic Sodium Phosphate and Dibasic Sodium Phosphate Tablet contains 1.102 grams of Monobasic Sodium Phosphate, USP and 0.398 grams of Dibasic Sodium Phosphate, USP for a total of 1.5 grams of sodium phosphate per tablet. Inert ingredients include polyethylene glycol 8000, NF; and magnesium stearate, NF. Monobasic Sodium Phosphate and Dibasic Sodium Phosphate Tablets is gluten-free.

The structural and molecular formulae and molecular weights of the active ingredients are shown below:

  * Monobasic sodium phosphate, USP



  * Dibasic sodium phosphate, USP
In this study only women with vulvar paget disease will be included and will be analysed retrospectively. Vulvar paget disease patients are frequently treated with surgical resection of the affected tissue. During a surgical treatment surgical margins are frequently positive. Recidives are seen frequently after surgical treatment or the development of other pathologies such as vulvar carcinoma. In this study the outcome of the vulvar paget disease will be analysed and compared between the participants. It's primary goal is to create a better view on the outcome and the prognosis to prevent e.g. complications in the future.

All the information of the patients will be gathered retrospectively from their medical file , after they gave their consent.
OBJECTIVE: Ultrasound in combination with microbubbles can enhance accumulation and improve the distribution of various therapeutic agents in tumor tissue, leading to improved efficacy. Understanding the impact of treatment on the tumor microenvironment, concurrently with how microenvironment attributes affect treatment outcome, will be important for selecting appropriate patient cohorts in future clinical trials. The main aim of this work was to investigate the influence of ultrasound and microbubbles on the functional vasculature of cancer tissue.
METHODS: Four different tumor models in mice (bone, pancreatic, breast and colon cancer) were characterized with respect to vascular parameters using contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging. The effect of treatment with microbubbles and ultrasound was then investigated using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy, quantifying the total amount of vasculature and fraction of functional vessels. Two different microbubbles were used, the clinical contrast agent SonoVue and the large bubbles generated by Acoustic Cluster Therapy (ACT), tailored for therapeutic purposes.
RESULTS: The colon cancer model displayed slower flow but a higher vascular volume than the other models. The pancreatic model showed the fastest flow but also the lowest vascular volume. Ultrasound and SonoVue transiently reduced the amount of functional vasculature in breast and colon tumors immediately after treatment. No reduction was observed for ACT, likely due to shorter ultrasound pulses and lower pressures applied.
CONCLUSION: Variation between tumor models due to tissue characteristics emphasizes the importance of evaluating treatment suitability in the specific tissue of interest, as altered perfusion could have a large impact on drug delivery and therapeutic outcome.
All subjects will receive 8-weeks of memantine treatment (10mg po qday for the first two weeks, then 20 mg po qday for the remaining six weeks). After the 8-weeks of memantine treatment, the dose will be discontinued. Then, after a 4-week washout period, all subjects will receive 8-weeks of ComB therapy. Therapy will be once a week for 30 minutes. After the 8-weeks of ComB treatment, the therapy will be discontinued.
Stroke is a major cause of death and disability. According to the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan, stroke accounted for 6.8% of all deaths and was the 4th leading cause of death in Taiwan in 2020. Stroke can be divided into acute, subacute, and chronic stages, and the initial severity of stroke affects recovery from sequelae. Therefore, how to effectively improve the sequelae and accelerate the recovery of patients through early interventions is an important issue. This study aimed to investigate the effect of early acupuncture treatment in the acute stage of hemorrhagic stroke. Subjects will be divided into two main groups by random assignment. The intervention group will be treated with traditional acupuncture, while the control group will be treated with pseudo-acupuncture(superficial acupuncture). The treatment frequency was 3 times a week for at least one week. Consciousness, neurological status and disability status were assessed before treatment, at the end of the first week, the second week and the third week, and biomarker were examined before and after treatment
Participants have received Shingrix at least 5 years previously. Will be administered intradermal vOka varicella zoster virus (ZVL) in non-dominant deltoid. A skin biopsy will be performed at the injection site on 20 subjects.
In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that estrogens are metabolized partially by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Therefore, inducers or inhibitors of CYP3A4 may affect estrogen drug metabolism. Inducers of CYP3A4 such as St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) preparations, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, and rifampin may reduce plasma concentrations of estrogens, possibly resulting in a decrease in therapeutic effects and/or changes in the uterine bleeding profile. Inhibitors of CYP3A4 such as erythromycin, clarithromycin, ketoconazole, itraconazole, ritonavir and grapefruit juice may increase plasma concentrations of estrogens and may result in side effects. 

Hydroxylation of levonorgestrel is a conversion step, which is mediated by cytochrome P450 enzymes. Based on in-vitro and in-vivo studies, it can be assumed that CYP3A, CYP2E and CYP2C are involved in the metabolism of levonorgestrel. Likewise, inducers or inhibitors of these enzymes may either, respectively, decrease the therapeutic effects or result in adverse reactions.
Although India's organ donation rate is less than 1 per million population, significant disparities exist between the regions and centres within the country, leading to varying consent rates among different organ donation centres. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the experience of transplant coordinators and their barriers and facilitators in the deceased organ donation process across various organ donation centres in India. A phenomenological study using interviews was conducted among fourteen transplant coordinators purposefully recruited from public and private organ donation centres in India, with experience between six years and more than a decade. Audio recordings were transcribed and analysed using framework analysis. Five themes were identified namely: (1) supportive management policies, (2) infrastructure for the deceased organ donation process, (3) delays in the processing time, (4) active involvement in the identification process, and (5) explaining the concept of brain death. The study identifies that implementation priorities include strengthening teamwork, streamlining processes, optimising infrastructure for sensitive discussions, efficient donor identification, and empathetic handling of donor families' grief stages. Collaborating with law enforcement, applying successful medico-legal strategies, improving family communication, and clarifying brain death concepts ethically and legally can boost consent rates, fostering informed decisions and possibly achieving self-sufficiency in deceased organ donation.
Patients between 18 and 45 years of age with a first ever ischaemic stroke are eligible for this study from the Department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2016. All patients were defined as a sudden loss of global or focal cerebral function that persisted with a probable vascular cause for 24h and confirmed by brain CT or MRI.
This invention provides a Chinese traditional medicinal composition-hepatitis C virus clearer. The composition is prepared by taking natural Chinese herbal ingredients as raw materials such like virgate wormwood herb, Chinese thorowax root, membranous milkvetch root, danshen root, gentian root, indigo woad root, indian bread, umbellate pore fungus, oriental waterplantain rhizome, safflower, dandelion herb, pilose asiabell root, common peony root, lobed kudzuvine root, chuanxiong ligusticum rhizome, barbary solfberry fruit, laikal skullcap root, stringy stonecrop herb and hawthorn fruit. The Chinese traditional medicine is coming from the clinical descriptions. 10 years of observations shows that it has the following characters in  treating hepatitis C as compared with the existing treating technologies: Its curative effectiveness is far higher than that of the interferon,its curative ratio is above 60%. As for those hepatitis C patients who's HCV-RNA would not transfer to negative or non rebounding, his HCV-RNA can still transfer to negative when insist taking the hepatitis C virus clearer. The hepatitis C virus clearer is effective in treating low rebounding and still effective after rebounding is gained but insisting on taking the hepatitis C virus clearer. Side effect of the hepatitis C virus clearer is small, and its cost is lower than that of the interferons.