anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Background and Objectives: The effects of midazolam, a benzodiazepine, on pain perception are complex on both spinal and supraspinal levels. It is not yet known whether remimazolam clinically attenuates or worsens pain. The present study investigated the effect of intraoperative remimazolam on opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) in patients undergoing general anesthesia. Materials and Methods: The patients were randomized into three groups: group RHR (6 mg/kg/h initial dose followed by 1 mg/kg/h remimazolam and 0.3 μg /kg/min remifentanil), group DHR (desflurane and 0.3 μg /kg/min remifentanil) or group DLR (desflurane and 0.05 µg/kg /min remifentanil). The primary outcome was a mechanical hyperalgesia threshold, while secondary outcomes included an area of hyperalgesia and clinically relevant pain outcomes. Results: Group RHR had a higher mechanical hyperalgesia threshold, a smaller hyperalgesia postoperative area at 24 h, a longer time to first rescue analgesia (p = 0.04), lower cumulative PCA volume containing morphine postoperatively consumed for 24 h (p < 0.01), and lower pain intensity for 12 h than group DHR (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in OIH between groups RHR and DLR. Conclusions: Group RHR, which received remimazolam, attenuated OIH, including mechanically evoked pain and some clinically relevant pain outcomes caused by a high dose of remifentanil. Further research is essential to determine how clinically meaningful and important the small differences observed between the two groups are.
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) results in progressive immune destruction and death. Current therapy for HIV (highly active antiretroviral therapy or HAART) infection utilizes combinations of drugs that, under optimum conditions, inhibit HIV replication, halt progressive immunodeficiency, and permit a measure of immunological reconstitution. In its present form, however, HAART is inadequate. HAART does not cure HIV infection, and has significant adverse side effects, which may require drug discontinuation. One of the most challenging limitations of HAART is the development of drug resistance, which may occur in 30-40% of treated patients. The precise mechanisms responsible for drug resistance remain uncertain, but explanations include the emergence of HIV variants encoding genetic mutations that confer resistance to antiretroviral drugs. Such drug resistant mutations may occur and be present at low frequencies prior to drug therapy. Understanding how these mutations arise and remain circulating in populations of HIV is uncertain.

The purpose of the present protocol is to derive a comprehensive description of HIV population genetics in a longitudinal, observational study of HIV-infected patients prior to initiating antiretroviral therapy. We plan to utilize frequent blood sampling and an extensive sequencing strategy to investigate parameters of HIV population genetics, including: a) genotypic and phenotypic analyses of HIV drug resistance mutations, b) determinations of the rates at which mutations arise, become fixed, lost, or undergo recombination, c) linkage analyses, d) estimates of the size of the effective virus population. We plan to apply this information to develop models of HIV evolution, predict the genetic behavior of HIV populations, including the emergence of resistant genomes. We expect that information regarding HIV population genetics may assist in designing appropriate drug regimens to salvage control of HIV virus replication after initial regimens have failed.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Obesity and its associated metabolic diseases are increasing globally. Sedentary lifestyle, high caloric diet, and genetic predisposition are known to contribute to the onset of obesity. It is increasingly recognized that exposure to environmental chemicals such as Bisphenol A (BPA) may also play a significant role. BPA has been correlated with an array of adverse health effects, including obesity and metabolic disorders. Due to public concern, manufacturers are replacing BPA with structural analogues for which there is limited toxicological data. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of these BPA analogues on adipogenesis.
METHODS: The adipogenic effects of Tetra Methyl Bisphenol F (TMBPF), Bisphenol F (BPF), Bisphenol AP (BPAP), and fluorine-9-bisphenol (BHPF) were evaluated in murine 3T3-L1 cells. The cells were treated with BPA and its analogues at concentrations from 0.01 µM to 20 µM, throughout differentiation, in the absence of Dexamethasone (Dex). Lipid accumulation, mRNA and protein levels of adipogenic markers was assessed.
RESULTS: We found that TMBPF, BPF and BPA increased 3T3-L1 lipid accumulation and the expression levels of adipogenic markers lipoprotein lipase (Lpl), fatty acid binding protein 4 (Fabp4) and perilipin (Plin) (1-20 µM; p < 0.05), whereas BHPF and BPAP had no effect in this model. Further, TMBPF induced adipogenesis to a greater extent than all the other chemicals including BPA (1-20 µM; p < 0.05). The effect mediated by TMBPF on expression levels of Fabp4, but not Plin, is likely mediated via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ activation.
CONCLUSIONS: Of the BPA analogues tested, BPF was most similar to BPA in its effects, while TMBPF was most adipogenic. In addition, TMBPF is likely a PPARγ agonist, it is likely an obesogenic chemical and may be a metabolic disruptor.
The study will investigate the potential effect of a supplement of maltodextrin (20 g for women and 30 g for men) and added dietary carbohydrates on the level of function in patients with apoplexia. The study has an intervention group and a control group. The study is randomized, but not blinded. The primary outcome is level of function measured with Barthel-100. Secondary outcomes are: training intensity, duration and frequency; length of stay; self-training (training without a therapist) and patient's experienced fatigue; and patient's experienced pain. All patients are recruited from Rigshospitalet, Glostrup. The supplement will be administered before and after each training session with a therapist. The supplement is a powder desolved in a glass of juice. The nursing staff will add extra carbohydrates to the patient's meals in the form of potatoes, rice, bread, fruit or other carbohydrate rich food items. All meals will be noted daily and validated the following day by the primary investigators.
The goal of the PreAct study is to test whether the use of fitness wristbands in a defined preoperative period prior to radical cystectomy with a daily activity goal and feedback on the achievement of this goal improves the participants' physical activity up to the day of radical cystectomy.

In addition to the fitness tracker, we provide each patient with a smartphone. For each fitness tracker a separate account in a fitness application is set up for (e.g. name: tracker1.0 with the corresponding e-mail address and password). Neither the patients in the Daily activity Goal and Feedback arm nor the No Daily Activity Goal or Feedback arm receive the access data to the accounts. However, the patients in the intervention group receive the access PIN for the smartphone. On this smartphone a messaging service and the fitness application are installed. The patient thus receives, for example the wristband tracker1.0, which is registered with the corresponding access data in the fitness application of the smartphone given to them. For the entire preoperative period, the Bluetooth function on the smartphone must always stay activated so that the fitness application and the fitness tracker are continuously connected to each other. A detailed description of the timing and implementation of the intervention are described in "Study design" and "Arm and Interventions".
Cohort 1 retrospective/prospective study: 293 patients enrolled and reported in Fava et al 2019 (1) with at least 1 year of follow up at the end of the study (February 2017) and 107 patients enrolled but not reported in Fava et al 2019 since their follow-up was shorter than 1 year. The data for these patients will be collected since the end of previous study.
Increases in hematocrit levels, reflective of increases in red blood cell mass, may require discontinuation of Testosterone Cypionate Injection. Check that hematocrit is not elevated prior to initiating Testosterone Cypionate Injection. Periodically monitor hematocrit levels during treatment. If hematocrit becomes elevated, stop Testosterone Cypionate Injection until hematocrit decreases to an acceptable concentration. If Testosterone Cypionate Injection is restarted and again causes hematocrit to become elevated, stop Testosterone Cypionate Injection permanently. An increase in red blood cell mass may increase the risk of thromboembolic events [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)].
Patient was enrolled in the first day receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU. Patient was included to group A or group B. Group A patient will receive tidal volume of 6 ml/kg and group B patient will receive tidal volume of 10 ml/kg. The assignment was randomized. Followed for 3 days. After 24, 48, and 72 hours, patient blood will be collected to measure the interleukin value, and diaphragm dysfunction will be observed by the use of ultrasonography by expert doctor from radiology department. Data will be analyzed statistically if there is an effect of tidal volume difference on diaphragm dysfunction and interleukin-6 as marker of inflammation. The minimal sample of patient is 44 patients.
Lupus nephritis occurs in 30-40% of adults with systemic lupus erythematosus and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Focal and diffuse proliferative forms of lupus nephritis are known to progress to chronic renal failure unless treated by immunosuppressive drugs. Cyclophosphamide and glucocorticoids are considered to be the standard of care for patients with proliferative lupus nephritis. However, cyclophosphamide may cause a number of toxic effects, such as bone marrow suppression, premature gonadal failure, hemorrhagic cystitis, opportunistic infections, and malignant disease. Hence, efforts are being made to find alternative therapeutic approaches. Cyclosporine is a potent immunosuppressive agent with a more selective mode of action through its unique effect on T cell mediated responses, and is widely used to treat a spectrum of autoimmune and glomerular diseases. Several retrospective series and one randomized trial provided evidence that Cyclosporine A could represent an efficient and safe therapy for proliferative lupus nephritis. In a randomized, multicenter, open-label, controlled trial we compared the efficacy of oral cyclosporine A with intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide to induce durable remission in patients with proliferative lupus nephritis.
OBJECTIVES: Children diagnosed with hearing loss typically demonstrate increased rates of vestibular loss as compared with their peers, with hearing within normal limits. Decreased vestibular function is linked with delays in gross motor development, acquisition of gross motor skills, and academic challenges. Timely development of sitting and walking gross motor skills aids in the progress of environmental exploratory activities, which have been tied to cognitive, language, and vocabulary development. Considering the time-sensitive development of gross motor skills and cognitive, language, and vocabulary development, identifying vestibular loss in infancy can support early intervention. This scoping review analyzes stimulus, recording, and participant factors relevant to assessing cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs) in the infant population.
DESIGN: The scoping literature review was conducted on literature published between 2000 and 2023, focusing on articles assessing cVEMPs in infants. Two authors independently followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-Analysis guidelines for title and abstract screening, full-text review, data extraction, and quality assessments. Sixteen articles meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the analysis.
RESULTS: The existing literature lacks consensus regarding stimulus and recording parameters for measuring infant cVEMPs. In addition, the review reveals a decrease in cVEMP response occurrence rates with the severity of hearing loss, especially in cases of severe to profound hearing loss, compared with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss in infants.
CONCLUSIONS: This scoping review demonstrates the increasing use of cVEMP as a reliable tool for objectively assessing infant vestibular function. The lack of consensus in stimulus and recording parameters emphasizes the need for systematic research to establish an evidence-based protocol for cVEMP measurements in infants. Such a protocol will ensure the reliable measurement of cVEMPs in infants and enhance the effectiveness of cVEMP as part of the infant vestibular test battery. In addition, there is a necessity for a comprehensive large-scale study to evaluate the practicality and feasibility of implementing vestibular screening protocols for infants diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss in the United States.
The invention belongs to the field of molecular biology and immunology, and discloses a rabbit Pasteurella multocida DNA vaccine and a preparation method. The rabbit Pasteurella multocida DNA vaccine contains recombinant plasmid of a rabbit Pasteurella multocida Omp H1 gene. The DNA vaccine is inoculated through intramuscular injection, no subcutaneous injection is needed, and immunization is convenient. Meanwhile, the DNA vaccine will not cause enhancement of toxicity or gene integration, rabbit head tilt or tic or acute death or the like will not be caused, and the DNA vaccine is safe and free of side effect. An experiment shows that the rabbit Pasteurella multocida DNA vaccine can induce rabbits to generate good humoral immunity and cell immunity, and is applicable to immunization of rabbit Pasteurella multocida, and occurrence and epidemic of the rabbit Pasteurella multocida are prevented. The rabbit Pasteurella multocida preparation method is simple, low in preparation cost and suitable for industrial production.
PURPOSE: A novel Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a composition containing the same are provided to enhance NO, IL-2, and IL-6 generation and to improve immunity. CONSTITUTION: A food composition for enhancing immunity contains Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, a crushed material thereof, or culture of the strain as an active ingredient. An enteric composition contains the strain, a crushed material thereof, or culture of the strain as an active ingredient. A probiotic composition contains the strain, a crushed material thereof, or culture of the strain as an active ingredient. A feed composition contains the strain, a crushed material thereof, or culture of the strain as an active ingredient. A fermented product contains the strain, a crushed material thereof, or culture of the strain as an active ingredient. A method for preparing a grain fermentation with enhanced immunity effect comprises a step of adding Saccharomyces cerevisiae 113-4(deposit number KCTC 12092BP) or Saccharomyces cerevisiae H4-2(deposit number KCTC 12093PB) to grains and culturing. [Reference numerals] (AA) Strain number
BACKGROUND: Growing evidence raises doubts about the need for routine hip precautions after primary total hip replacements to reduce the risk of postoperative dislocation. However, hip precautions are still routinely and widely prescribed in postoperative care in Switzerland. We aimed to investigate experts' clinical reasoning for hip precaution recommendations after total hip arthroplasty.
METHODS: Using a convenience sampling strategy, 14 semi-structured expert interviews were conducted with surgeons, physiotherapists, and occupational therapists in the vicinity of an inpatient rehabilitation clinic in Switzerland. Data analysis followed Mayring's principle of inductive and deductive structuring content analysis.
RESULTS: Expert statements from the interviews were summarised into four main categories and 10 subcategories. Categories included statements on the incidences of dislocation and underlying risk factors; current preferences and use of hip precautions; their effect on physical function, anxiety, or costs; and patient's adherence to the movement restrictions. Hip surgeons routinely prescribed hip precautions, although in different variations. Fear of dislocation and caution are barriers to changing current practice. Some surgeons are considering individualised prescribing based on patients' risk of dislocation, which therapists would welcome.
CONCLUSION: A lack of clear instructions from the surgeon leads to ambiguity among therapists outside the acute hospital. A shared understanding of the need for and nature of hip precautions, guidelines from societies, or at least specific instructions from surgeons to therapists are warranted.
The invention provides a medicine composition for preventing, treating or/and improving yang deficiency syndrome or yang deficiency physique. The medicine composition is a medicament prepared by the following raw material medicines in ratios by weight: 8-16 parts of baked ginger, 8-16 parts of notopterygium root, 8-16 parts of cassia twig, and 8-16 parts of perilla leaf. The invention further provides a preparation method and use of the medicine composition. The medicament of the medicine provided by the invention preferably is a foot-bath medicament. The medicine provided by the invention can improve the yang deficiency syndrome of the patient with yang deficiency physique, promote the blood circulation of feet, relieve foot cold symptom in winter, improve sleep quality, reduce the times of cold, and realize definite curative effect. Decoction-free traditional Chinese medicine is simple, convenient and time-saving compared with decoction-type traditional Chinese medicine, is easy to accept in external use, can be used for adjuvant therapy and healthcare, and meets the needs of modern people.
Individuals with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection who do not meet the criteria for any DSM-5 diagnosis and perform within normal limits on cognitive tests. Participants will undergo PET/MR scanning, during which a TSPO PET tracer and a Gadolinium-based MRI tracer will be administered intravenously and blood samples will be collected from an arterial line. In addition, blood samples will be taken at screening. Participants can elect to provide an optional cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample.
BACKGROUND: Melanoma is a highly invasive skin cancer with limited treatment strategies. Bupivacaine, a commonly used local anesthetic recognized for its safety, has shown promise in combating tumors. 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate synthase 2 (PAPSS2) is a key enzyme in the sulfation process and is associated with the development and metastasis of various tumors. This study aimed to explore the mechanism by which bupivacaine inhibits melanoma proliferation and metastasis by targeting PAPSS2.
METHODS: The effects of bupivacaine on the proliferation of A375 and A2058 melanoma cells were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) labeling, and clonogenic assays. Cell migration, invasion, and PAPSS2 expression were evaluated using Transwell experiments and Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. Additionally, an in vivo melanoma tumor model in nude mice was constructed to evaluate the impact of bupivacaine on melanoma growth and metastasis. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess tumor metastasis and PAPSS2 expression levels in the nude mouse model.
RESULTS: Experimental results demonstrated that bupivacaine significantly inhibited melanoma proliferation and invasion compared to the control group. Notably, this inhibitory effect was partially reversed by PAPSS2 overexpression. In vivo experiments demonstrated that bupivacaine-treated nude mice exhibited reduced tumor volumes, weights, and fewer lung metastatic foci. Molecular analysis via qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry analysis further indicated that bupivacaine significantly reduced PAPSS2 in tumor tissues.
CONCLUSION: This study confirms that bupivacaine, a local anesthetic, can inhibit melanoma proliferation and metastasis by targeting the PAPSS2 signaling pathway. These findings suggest its potential as an anti-tumor medication and present new treatment strategies for melanoma.
The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicinal preparation, and particularly relates to a medicament for preventing and treating pharyngalgia. The medicament is characterized in that a medicine is prepared from bulk drugs in parts by weight in specified ranges. A making method of the medicine provided by the invention comprises the following steps of adding water of which the quantity is 6 to 8 times of a total specific weight into raw materials, decocting the raw materials by adopting a conventional method, screening dregs of a decoction by using a number-5 sieve, air-drying the dregs of the decoction, crushing the dregs of the decoction respectively to grind the dregs of the decoction into powder, and drying and granulating the powder. Decocted liquid is filtered to obtain filtrate; the filtrate is merged with a distilled liquid medicine; afterwards, an obtained first mixture is concentrated until pasty thick liquid of which the specific weight is 1.33 at 80 DEG C is obtained; the thick liquid and the liquid medicine are uniformly mixed with a granule made from the dregs of the decoction after the liquid medicine is filtered; afterwards, an obtained second mixture is dried, is pressed to be flaky, and is sub-packaged to obtain buccal tablets. A using method comprises the following steps that a spray is atomized at a laryngopharyngeal part in an oral cavity with an appropriate amount for each time and for many times within one day; the buccal tablets are used for being buccally melted with 1 tablet (1g) for each time and for many times within one day. In comparison with the prior art, the medicine provided by the invention has the advantage that a medicine applicable to pharyngitis, laryngitis, follicular hyperplasia of a posterior pharyngeal wall and upper respiratory tract infection is provided.
The present invention relates to a Chinese medicine for treating various kinds of chronic salpingitis induced by the infection of pathogenic microorganisms, bacteria, viruses, protozoon, ureaplasma urealyticum, mycoplasma and choamydiae and diseases, such as salpingemphraxis, unsmooth oviduct, etc., caused by chronic salpingitis. The Chinese medicine is prepared from traditional Chinese medicines of costus root, hairy deer-horn(hairy antler), Chinese eaglewood wood, pangolin scale, red peony root, nutgrass galingale rhizome, red sage root, asarum herb and trogopterus dung. The Chinese medicine can be processed into pills, aqueous agents, concentrated pills, capsules, tablets and slow-release agents. The Chinese medicine has the advantages of high therapeutic effect on various kinds of chronic salpingitis, rapid effect taking and no obvious side effect. The effective rate of the Chinese medicine is 95.3%, and the cure rate is 54.4%. Both of the long-term therapeutic effect and the short-term short period therapeutic effect of the Chinese medicine are superior to that of antibiotic therapy, and especially, the long term therapeutic effect is obviously superior to that of surgical correction and liquid smoothing therapy. Patients with mixed infections, patients with antibiotic resistance and patients with chronic pyosalpinx and accumulated water, who can not be cured for long time and are in delayed disease states, can all be cured after 2 to 3 courses of treatment.
Participants will be asked to walk at different gait velocities for 1 minute. The treadmill speed will be increased incrementally at 0.1m/s intervals until just before running. The comfortable walking speed will be determined.