anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The antiviral activity of nevirapine has been measured in a variety of cell lines including peripheral blood mononuclear cells, monocyte-derived macrophages, and lymphoblastoid cell lines. In an assay using human embryonic kidney 293 cells, the median EC50 value (50% inhibitory concentration) of nevirapine was 90 nM against a panel of 2923 isolates of HIV-1 that were primarily (93%) clade B clinical isolates from the United States. The 99th percentile EC50 value was 470 nM in this study. The median EC50 value was 63 nM (range 14-302 nM, n=29) against clinical isolates of HIV-1 clades A, B, C, D, F, G, and H, and circulating recombinant forms CRF01_AE, CRF02_AG and CRF12_BF. Nevirapine had no antiviral activity in cell culture against group O HIV-1 isolates (n=3) or HIV-2 isolates (n=3) replicating in cord blood mononuclear cells. Nevirapine in combination with efavirenz exhibited strong antagonistic anti-HIV-1 activity in cell culture and was additive to antagonistic with the protease inhibitor ritonavir or the fusion inhibitor enfuvirtide. Nevirapine exhibited additive to synergistic anti-HIV-1 activity in combination with the protease inhibitors amprenavir, atazanavir, indinavir, lopinavir, nelfinavir, saquinavir and tipranavir, and the NRTIs abacavir, didanosine, emtricitabine, lamivudine, stavudine, tenofovir and zidovudine. The anti-HIV-1 activity of nevirapine was antagonized by the anti-HBV drug adefovir and by the anti-HCV drug ribavirin in cell culture.
We explored the non-invasive evaluation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) by employing two distinct physiological signals: skin sympathetic nerve activity (SKNA), extracted from electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, and electrodermal activity (EDA), a well-studied marker in the context of the SNS assessment. Our investigation focused on cognitive stress and pain; two conditions closely associated with the SNS. We sought to determine if the information and dynamics of EDA could be derived from the novel SKNA signal. To this end, ECG and EDA signals were recorded simultaneously during three experiments aimed at sympathetic stimulation, Valsalva maneuver (VM), Stroop test, and thermal-grill pain test. We calculated the integral area under the rectified SKNA signal (iSKNA) and decomposed the EDA signal to its phasic component (EDAphasic). An average delay of more than 4.6 s was observed in the onset of EDAphasic bursts compared to their corresponding iSKNA bursts. After shifting the EDAphasic segments by the extent of this delay and smoothing the corresponding iSKNA bursts, our results revealed a strong average correlation coefficient of 0.85±0.14 between the iSKNA and EDAphasic bursts, indicating a noteworthy similarity between the two signals. We also reconstructed the EDA signals with time-varying sympathetic (TVSymp) and modified TVSymp (MTVSymp) methods. Then we extracted the following features from iSKNA, EDAphasic, TVSymp, and MTVSymp signals: peak amplitude, average amplitude (aSKNA), standard deviation (vSKNA), and the cumulative duration during which the signals had higher amplitudes than a specified threshold (HaSKNA). A strong average correlation of 0.89±0.18 was found between vSKNA and subjects' self-rated pain levels during the pain test. Our statistical analysis also included applying Linear Mixed-Effects Models to check if there were significant differences in features across baseline and different levels of SNS stimulation. We then assessed the discriminating power of the features using Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUROC) and Fisher's Ratio. Finally, using all the four EDA features, a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) classifier reached the classification accuracies 95.56%, 89.29%, and 67.88% for the VM, Stroop, and thermal-grill pain control and stimulation classes. On the other hand, the highest classification accuracies based on SKNA features were achieved using K-nearest neighbors (KNN) (98.89%), KNN (89.29%), and MLP (95.11%) classifiers for the same experiments. Our comparative analysis showed the feasibility of SKNA as a novel tool for assessing the SNS with accurate classification capability, with a faster onset of amplitude increase in response to SNS activity, compared to EDA.
The prevalence of hearing loss is high among older adults; globally, 65% of adults over 60 years have hearing loss. Over the past decade, evidence from epidemiologic studies has linked hearing loss to nearly two times greater risk of dementia. The hypothesized mechanistic pathways through which hearing loss could contribute to increased dementia risk include the effects of hearing on greater cognitive load, changes in brain structure and function, and decreased social engagement. These mechanistic pathways may be modified by management of hearing loss using existing intervention (eg, hearing aids). Hearing treatment may be an effective intervention for slowing cognitive decline in some older adults. In this review, we update existing reviews of the current epidemiologic research on the association between hearing loss and dementia risk and discuss hypothesized mechanisms of this association. We also discuss management of hearing loss as a potential intervention for slowing cognitive decline and reducing dementia risk.
A therapeutic composition for oral and parenteral administration to increase the strength of the capillary blood vessels of living beings comprises an isoflavonic compound of the general formula <FORM:0912198/VI/1> wherein R is hydrogen, a carboxyl group, a non-toxic salt of a carboxyl group with a metal, an amine or an amino-alcohol or an ester thereof associated with an inert therapeutically administrable vehicle which is a solid carrier or a sterile liquid.  Specified sterile liquids are distilled water, isotonic saline solution, vegetable oils and organic solvents.  Solid forms specified are tablets or granules containing starch, fecula, colloidal silica, arabic gum, lactose, talc and magnesium stearate. The compositions may contain a phosphate e.g. disodium or mono potassium mono or dihydrogen phosphate which may be further associated with non-toxic inorganic metal salts e.g. zinc or iron sulphate when the composition is in the form of an aqueous solution. A specified salt of g -hydroxy isoflavene-2-carboxylic acid is the sodium salt.
The invention discloses a hypoglycemic spray and the application method. The raw materials of the invention include Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Pollen, Pueraria lobota, Radix Astragali, Shizandra Berry, Caulis Lonicerae and Radix Scrophularise. The weight ratio of the raw materials, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae : Pollen : Pueraria Lobota : Radix Astragali : Shizandra berry : Caulis Lonicerae : Radix Scrophularise, is 1.5:1.5:1.5:2:0.7:1:1. The raw materials are crushed into coarse powder which is sifted; ethanol is added into the sifted powder for soaking the powder, and then the soaked powder is filtered and the left residues are grinded; the filtered liquid and the grinded liquid are mixed and kept in static state; the mixed liquid is filtered, mixed with distilled water and bottled. The hypoglycemic spray is finally completed. The drug in the spray is directly at the point cv8 (navel) and the effective ingredients of the drug are directly permeated, therefore the invention has the advantages of obvious effect, persistent efficacy of the drug, no relapsing, safety and no side effects.
Patients receive atezolizumab IV over 30-60 minutes on days 1, and cobimetinib PO QD on days 1-21. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unaccepted toxicity. Patients also undergo a CT scan, MRI, biopsy, and collection of blood throughout the trial.
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic and its interventions have led to a deficit in medical care and changes in people's lifestyles, which has consequently changed cardio- and cerebrovascular primary and secondary prevention. The existing data are mainly based on surveys. In addition to the problem of the accuracy of self-assessments, the pandemic per se and the massive public reporting may have biased the data.Only a few publications have compared data collected before the pandemic with results during the pandemic. The ELITE study has regularly monitored risk factors (RF) and psychosocial parameters (stress, depression, well-being, diet, brain performance, exercise) in over 5000 participants for years. From this study, data were analyzed from 1775 individuals collected before the onset and again during the pandemic (06/05/2020-25/01/2022). Thus, baseline values were unaffected by the pandemic.
RESULTS: As expected, both improvements and worsening of the collected parameters were found. Blood pressure and depressive symptoms worsened significantly more often, with women more frequently affected. Weight and stress levels also increased more often than they improved. Only physical activity showed a slight increase. 24.1 % showed only deteriorations and no improvements in these parameters. In contrast, 19.6 % showed improvements exclusively. In the group with only worsening, there was a significant increase in individuals with the risk factors (RF) hypertension, obesity, elevated LDL cholesterol, nicotine, and diabetes mellitus. This resulted in an increase in individuals with 2 or more RF. In contrast, the number of individuals with 2 and more RF decreased in the group with only improvements. Strikingly, individuals with risk factors improved more frequently.
CONCLUSION: A not insignificant part of the population experienced significant worsening of RF during the pandemic. This particularly affected blood pressure and depressive symptoms, and more often women.
Part 2 MEM-288 plus nivolumab combination: Patients with accessible, subcutaneous, or superficial lymph node lesion ≥ 1 cm3 that is palpable will receive intratumoral injection of MEM-288 maximum total dose of 1x10\^11 viral particles once every 3 week (planned 2 doses, maximum 6 doses). MEM-288 may be injected in multiple lesions until the maximum injection dose (1x10\^11 viral particles) is reached (minimum dose per lesion of 1x10\^10 viral particles). Nivolumab 360 mg IV every 3 weeks.
NEXTSTELLIS® (drospirenone and estetrol tablets) is an oral contraceptive. It is supplied in a transparent PVC/aluminum blister card containing 28 tablets:

  * 24 pink active tablets contain 3 mg drospirenone and 14.2 mg of estetrol on the anhydrous basis. Drospirenone is a synthetic progestin and estetrol is a synthetic estrogen.
  * 4 white inert tablets.



The chemical name for estetrol is estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,15α,16α,17α-tetrol monohydrate. It has a molecular formula of C18H24O4∙H2O and a molecular weight of 322.4 g/mol, equivalent to 304.4 g/mol (anhydrous). Estetrol has the following chemical structure:

Estetrol (monohydrate) is a white to off-white crystalline solid that is poorly soluble in water and aqueous solutions. It is soluble in methanol, ethanol, sparingly soluble in acetone, and slightly soluble in ethyl acetate and acetonitrile.

Drospirenone is chemically described as (6R,7R,8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,15S,16S,17S)-1,3',4',6,6a,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,15a,16-hexadecahydro10,13-dimethylspiro-[17H-dicyclopropa-[6,7:15,16]cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-17,2'(5H)-furan]-3,5'(2H)-dione). It has a molecular weight of 366.5 g/mol, a molecular formula of C24H30O3, and the structural formula below:

Drospirenone is a white to almost white or slightly yellow crystalline powder. It is a neutral molecule with slight solubility in water.

The active tablet is a 6 mm, round pink film-coated tablet which contains 3 mg of drospirenone and 15 mg of estetrol as the monohydrate, equivalent to 14.2 mg of estetrol on the anhydrous basis, and the following inactive ingredients: corn starch, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, povidone, and sodium starch glycolate. Each tablet is embossed on one side with a drop-shaped logo. The pink film-coating has the following inactive ingredients: hydrogenated cottonseed oil, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hypromellose, iron oxide red, talc, and titanium dioxide.

The inert tablet is a 6 mm, round white film-coated tablet which contains the inactive ingredients corn starch, lactose monohydrate, and magnesium stearate. Each tablet is embossed on one side with a drop-shaped logo. The film-coating has the following inactive ingredients: hydrogenated cottonseed oil, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hypromellose, talc, and titanium dioxide.
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a rare, life-threatening condition caused by alterations in skeletal muscle calcium channels inherited through an autosomal dominant pattern. The use of specific agents in anesthesia such as inhaled anesthetics and succinylcholine can precipitate a hyperthermic crisis. Patients experience a rapid increase in muscle rigidity, secondary to skeletal muscle calcium dysregulation, leading to acute rhabdomyolysis and possible hyperthermia. Providers must have a high index of suspicion of this disease process because early diagnosis is critical to mortality reduction. Management centers around removal of the offending agent, dantrolene, and supportive care including cooling if hyperthermic. Intravascular cooling devices have been used in thermodynamic regulation after cardiac arrest and have shown to be more effective than dermal cooling techniques; however, they have not been well described in other disease processes. The following case report is the first to describe a patient suffering from MH to undergo invasive intravenous cooling in order to counteract the effects of this life-threatening disease.
Participants in this arm will receive 12 sessions of cognitive behavioral treatment and a monetary incentive for 30-day abstinence at the 6-month follow-up. They will not receive contingency management for alcohol abstinence during the treatment period.
The efficacy of GONAL-F RFF was evaluated in a randomized, assessor-blind, multinational, multicenter active-controlled trial in ovulatory, infertile women treated for one cycle with controlled ovarian stimulation as part of an ART [in vitro fertilization (IVF), or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)] cycle. Women were randomized to either GONAL-F RFF (n=237), administered subcutaneously, or a comparator recombinant human FSH product. Randomization was stratified by insemination technique (IVF versus ICSI). All women received a GnRH agonist for pituitary down-regulation before receiving stimulation with recombinant FSH. The primary endpoint was the mean number of fertilized oocytes the day after insemination. The initial doses of GONAL-F RFF were 150 International Units per day for women less than 35 years of age and 225 International Units per day for women 35 years of age and older. The maximal dose given for both age groups was 450 International Units per day. Treatment outcomes for GONAL-F RFF are summarized in Table 4.
Patients randomized to negative pressure group will received negative pressure dressing (Pico Wound Management System - manufacture by Smith \& Nephew) associated with Acticoat Flex dressing which will be applied immediately after skin closure in a conventional way and left in place for 7 days. Negative pressure dressing will be changed once during 7 days period - after day 2 to 4. Wound complications within first 30 days of surgery will be recorded on clinical examination.
Pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a clinical condition characterized by progressive renal function deterioration. CKD diagnosis is based on glomerular filtration rate, but its reliability is limited, especially at the early stages. New potential biomarkers (citrulline (CIT), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), n-butyrylcarnitine (nC4), cis-4-decenoylcarnitine, sphingosine-1-phosphate and bilirubin) in addition to creatinine (CNN) have been proposed for early diagnosis. To verify the clinical value of these biomarkers we performed a comprehensive targeted metabolomics study on a representative cohort of CKD and healthy pediatric patients. Sixty-seven children with CKD and forty-five healthy children have been enrolled in the study. Targeted metabolomics based on liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry has been used for serum and plasma samples analysis. Univariate data analysis showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the concentration of CNN, CIT, SDMA, and nC4 among healthy and CKD pediatric patients. The predictive ability of the proposed biomarkers was also confirmed through specificity and sensitivity expressed in Receiver Operating Characteristic curves (AUC = 0.909). In the group of early CKD pediatric patients, AUC of 0.831 was obtained, improving the diagnostic reliability of CNN alone. Moreover, the models built on combined CIT, nC4, SDMA, and CNN allowed to distinguish CKD patients from healthy control regardless of blood matrix type (serum or plasma). Our data demonstrate potential biomarkers in the diagnosis of early CKD stages.
HYPOTHESIS: The current study employed a skull-simulator verification method to assess whether the output of softband bone conduction hearing devices (BCHDs) at the manufacturer's default settings deviated widely from the target determined by the fitting formula.
BACKGROUND: Real ear analysis is utilized for the verification of the fitting of air conduction hearing devices (ACHDs) in a variety of institutions. This procedure, however, has not been used in the fitting of BCHDs, largely due to the difficulty of testing the output of these devices to temporal bones. Despite the availability of skull simulators, they have not been utilized clinically to measure BCHD output.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective, single-center study enrolled 42 subjects, aged 3 months to 10 years, with microtia-atresia-associated mild-to-severe bilateral conductive hearing loss. Hearing sensitivity was evaluated behaviorally by pure tone audiometry (PTA) in 22 subjects 4 years or older (the PTA group), and by auditory brainstem response (ABR) in 20 subjects younger than 4 years (the ABR group). Following 6 months of subjects wearing the prescribed softband BCHDs, their dial level (DL) thresholds were reassessed while using their own BCHDs, configured with zero gain across all frequencies, functioning solely as a bone vibrator. These DL thresholds were inputted into the fitting formula, desired sensation level-bone conduction devices (DSL-BCD) for children, to obtain the target values of BCHD output. The simulator output of the BCHD programmed at the manufacturer's default setting was measured in response to speech presented at 55, 65, and 80 dB SPL, followed by gain adjustment based on the differences between the simulator output and the target. Aided speech intelligibility index (SII) was measured before and after the gain adjustment.
RESULTS: The softband BCHDs at the manufacturer's settings generally had lower output than the prescribed target values. This difference was larger at low frequencies and low levels. Across the 12 points tested (four frequencies from 500 to 4000 Hz multiplied by three levels), 22 (52.3%) and 42 (100%) BCHDs had deviations of +7 and +5 dB, respectively, at one point or more. The gain adjustments reduced the deviation and improved the SII values at the two lower levels of speech presented.
CONCLUSION: The simulator output of softband bone conduction hearing devices (BCHDs) with the manufacturer's settings may exhibit significant deviations from the formula. Objective output verification should be considered a beneficial step in BCHD fitting and is recommended when applicable.
One significant overdosage of tizanidine has been reported. Attempted suicide bya 46 year-old male with multiple sclerosis resulted in coma very shortly after the ingestion of one-hundred 4 mg tizanidine tablets. Pupils were not dilated and nystagmus was not present. The patient had marked respiratory depression with Cheyne-Stokes respiration. Gastric lavage and forced diuresis with furosemide and mannitol were instituted. The patient recovered several hours later without sequelae. Laboratory findings were normal.

Should overdose occur, basic steps to ensure the adequacy of an airway and the monitoring of cardiovascular and respiratory systems should be undertaken. For the most recent information concerning the management of overdose, contact a poison control center.
This pilot study will evaluate the feasibility of a NGS-based tumour BRCA1/2 mutation testing pathway initiated in the oncology clinic for patients with HGSEC, either at primary diagnosis or first relapse, whereby only patients with a positive germline BRCA1/2 mutation test will be referred to clinical genetics. Germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 MLPA will be carried out to ensure accurate detection of BRCA1/2 LGRs. Patients with a high clinical risk of being germline mutation carriers and a negative germline BRCA1/2 mutation test should also be referred to clinical genetics. The investigators believe an upfront tumour testing pathway would be more cost-effective, as it would involve testing all patients for tumour BRCA1/2 mutations, followed by a single site germline test to clarify somatic/germline status of this mutation in approximately 25% of patients. In contrast, an upfront germline testing pathway would involve germline BRCA1/2 testing for all patients, followed by tumour BRCA1/2 tests in those 80 - 82% patients who do not have a germline BRCA1/2 mutation.

Systematic testing of patients in the oncology clinic for tumour BRCA1/2 mutations should not only ensure that all patients who are eligible for and agreeable to testing receive it, but also improve the quality of referrals to the clinical genetics team. Moreover, this approach is likely to significantly improve the identification rate of HGSEC patients with germline BRCA1/2 mutations, with resultant benefits for these patients in terms of cancer treatment and prevention, and their families in terms of opportunities for cancer prevention. The identification of patients with BRCA1/2 mutant HGSEC may facilitate treatment with effective maintenance therapies, or participation in clinical trials targeted at patients with BRCA1/2-mutated HGSEC. The incorporation of a health economics analysis relating to the introduction of this proposed testing pathway will further inform on the feasibility of its adoption into routine clinical practice on study completion. Finally, this study will also report on the currently unknown frequency, characteristics, disease course, and treatment patterns of germline and somatic BRCA1/2 mutations in an Irish population with HGSEC.
Match-related performance analysis in judo Para athletes with visual impairments is important to coaches and staff to identify technical-tactical profiles of their athletes and opponents but also to identify whether there are similar characteristics in each visual class. Thus, this study explores the match-related performance in judo Para athletes and verifies the relationship between performance using the old and new classification systems. The match-derived variables were analyzed using different statistical methods considering a total of 182 matches from the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games. The results indicated that performance was affected by sex and degree of impairment. The new classification system seems suitable for grouping Para judo athletes, as it differentiates performance between the two proposed classes (J1 and J2), since athletes from each group compete separately. Furthermore, different variability index measures were correlated with competitive performance, demonstrating a specific performance profile for each sport class in judo.