anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Cancers of the head and neck (H\&N) comprise 5% of all cancers, with 40,000 new cases diagnosed annually. Surgery followed by irradiation or irradiation alone has been the standard of care for locally advanced Stage III and IV patients. With this approach, fewer than 30% of patients achieve long-term remission, and most recur locoregionally. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been administered prior to definitive therapy with response rates ranging from 60-90%; with pathologic complete response (CR) rates documented in 30-70% of clinical responders. However, large randomized trials have shown no improvement in overall survival.

Because induction chemotherapy alone does not appear to improve long-term disease free survival in advanced head and neck cancers, concomitant chemotherapy and radiation has been pursued in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancers. Improved disease-free survival has been demonstrated with a variety of agents. The concept of synergy between radiation and chemotherapy is well established in vitro. Various schedules of radiation and chemotherapy have been utilized including weekly chemotherapy during radiation, chemotherapy given every three weeks during hyperfractionated radiation and alternating chemotherapy and radiation.

One exciting new chemotherapeutic agent, Paclitaxel has been shown to radiosensitize cancer cell lines in vitro. Recent studies have added Carboplatin to Paclitaxel in tandem or concurrently with radiation in hopes of improving response rates. From in-vitro data, it appears that the optimum schedule for the combination of Paclitaxel and radiation is to first induce G2/M arrest with Paclitaxel and follow this with radiation therapy. In a recent study by Chendil, et al, a novel radiation scheme appeared to enhance the response of both p53 wild type and p53 mutant cancer cell lines to chemotherapy. In vitro data with Carboplatin also indicates an additive effect when given prior to irradiation using various cell lines. What has not been evaluated, is whether a neoadjuvant regimen of Paclitaxel and Carboplatin followed by 4 small fractions of radiation can be given safely and effect an improved response rate in patients with bulky T2, Stage III and IV H\&N cancer. We propose the use of two cycles of Paclitaxel and Carboplatin followed by four small fractions of radiation, prior to definitive treatment (surgery or radiation). It is hoped that using radiation as a chemoenhancer will increase the response rate to induction therapy in this population of patients.
Patients randomized into the sham procedure arm receive a esophagogastroduodenoscopy in the same setting as if ARMA would be performed. Patients in the Control group receive follow up controls after 2 and 4 months and after unblinding after 4 months are allowed to perform a crossover to receive ARMA. PPI treatment is stopped 2 months after the initial sham procedure until the end of the study or worsening of symptoms. If the patients receive ARMA as a crossover reevaluation is performed 2, 4, 6 and 12 months after the actual ARMA procedure.
TGC used hyperinsulinaemic normoglycaemic clamp with modified glucose-insulin-potassium to control blood sugar. The insulin (HumulinTM R, Lilly pharma, Germany) was diluted with normal saline to the concentration 1 IU. mL-1 and was infused continuously throughout the operations at a fixed rate of 0.3 IU. kg-1.h-1 but the maximal rate was 20 IU/ h. A separate mixture of glucose 25% (A.N.B Laboratories, Thailand) 50 mL, potassium chloride (Nida pharma, Thailand) 20 mEq and magnesium sulfate (Atlantic, Thailand) 2 gm was infused at 0.75 mL.kg-1.h-1 and was adjusted to maintain blood glucose levels 80-150 mg/dL.
Fever is a common symptom in childhood and is the main reason for emergency room visits. The rate of children applying to the emergency department due to fever in our country is quite high compared to the rest of the world. Parents misinformation and practices regarding fever increase parental anxiety levels and negatively affect fever management. Interventional studies aimed at reducing parents anxiety levels and ensuring fever management are quite limited. This research will evaluate the effect of fever education given to parents on their anxiety levels and fever management.

The research was planned as a randomized controlled study with experimental and control groups. The research will be carried out between April 2024 and April 2025. After the power analysis of the sample, a total of 80 people will be included in the sample, 40 in the experimental group and 40 in the control group. Parents in the experimental group will be given fever training, while parents in the control group will not receive any treatment. Data will be collected with Parent-Child Introductory Information Form, State Anxiety Scale, Parent Fever Management Scale, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)- Satisfaction with Fever Education Practice Scale and Parent-Education Satisfaction Form Scale. The data will be pre-tested, post-tested 1 month after the training, and permanence tested 3 months after the training, and the research will be terminated. Generalised linear models analysis, robust ANOVA, independent samples t test, Mann Whitney U and chi-square analysis will be used in the evaluation of the data. Mean, s.deviation, median, minimum and maximum will be used for quantitative data and frequency and percentage will be used for categorical data.As a result of the research, it is expected that fever education given to parents will positively affect parental anxiety level and fever management.
Men who have sex with men (MSM) with HIV are at high risk for squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) and anal cancer. Identifying local immunological mechanisms involved in the development of anal dysplasia could aid treatment and diagnostics. Here, we studied 111 anal biopsies obtained from 101 MSM with HIV, who participated in an anal screening program. We first assessed multiple immune subsets by flow cytometry, in addition to histological examination, in a discovery cohort. Selected molecules were further evaluated by immunohistochemistry in a validation cohort. Pathological samples were characterized by the presence of resident memory T cells with low expression of CD103 and by changes in natural killer cell subsets, affecting residency and activation. Furthermore, potentially immunosuppressive subsets, including CD15+CD16+ mature neutrophils, gradually increased as the anal lesion progressed. Immunohistochemistry verified the association between the presence of CD15 in the epithelium and SIL diagnosis for the correlation with high-grade SIL. A complex immunological environment with imbalanced proportions of resident effectors and immune-suppressive subsets characterized pathological samples. Neutrophil infiltration, determined by CD15 staining, may represent a valuable pathological marker associated with the grade of dysplasia.
Part 1, Cohort 1: For the first 3 subjects enrolled, the initial dose will be 10 mg in Sterile Water for Injection (SWFI). TSD-001 will be retained in the bladder for 2 hours (1 hour or more will be acceptable, depending on subject's tolerability of the procedure). If Dose Limiting Toxicity(DLT) does not develop, intravesical instillation 14 days later will be titrated up according to the schedule (25, 50, 75, 100, 150 mg in SWFI) until DLT (defined as any grade 3 or 4 toxicity or prolonged \[greater than 14 days\] grade 2 toxicity) is observed.
To provide a hair composition capable of suppressing deterioration of elongation that tends to occur when increasing the storage elastic modulus and a sticky feeling in hair after application, and a hair treatment method using the composition.SOLUTION: A hair composition is an oil-in-water type and comprises hydroxypropyl starch phosphoric acid and/or a salt thereof and an acrylic acid/alkyl methacrylate copolymer. In the composition, the amount of the hydroxypropyl starch phosphoric acid and the salt thereof is 1.5% by mass or more. The composition comprises no solid wax and solid hydrocarbon or comprises them in amount of 25% by mass or less. A hair treatment method uses an oil-in-water hair composition comprising hydroxypropyl starch phosphoric acid and/or a salt thereof and an acrylic acid/alkyl methacrylate copolymer. In the composition, the amount of the hydroxypropyl starch phosphoric acid and the salt thereof is 1.5% by mass or more. The composition comprises no solid wax and solid hydrocarbon or comprises them in amount of 25% by mass or less.SELECTED DRAWING: None
Recurrent vitreous hemorrhage following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy remains a significant challenge with high incidence and negative impact on visual outcomes. Despite various treatments, intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) has shown potential in reducing post-operative vitreous hemorrhage (PO-VH). This study aims to determine the efficacy and safety of intraoperative IVB in preventing PO-VH in patients undergoing vitrectomy for diabetic vitreous hemorrhage. This prospective, randomized controlled trial compared patients receiving intraoperative IVB to a control group. The primary outcome was PO-VH incidence at one month, with secondary outcomes including visual acuity change, time to VH clearance, and safety. Outcome assessors were masked to the study treatment. Data on demographics, medical history, visual acuity, VH grading, intraoperative findings, and postoperative complications will be collected. Statistical analysis compared PO-VH incidence and other outcomes between groups. This study will provide valuable evidence on the efficacy and safety of intraoperative IVB in preventing PO-VH, contributing to improved clinical practice and patient outcomes.
Patients will be treated with vinorelbine on days 1 and 8 of each cycle; temozolomide will be administered on days 1 to 7 and 15 to 21 of each cycle. The dose level of temozolomide will be given at a dose of 150 mg/m2/day. A cycle will be defined as 28 days of treatment.
This study aimed to investigate impairments in social cognition in youth with specific learning disorder (SLD) through a cross sectional study. Eighty six adolescents which include of 43 SLD and 43 typically developing (TD) children completed a battery of tests to analyze social cognition, emotional process and clinical psychopathological profile. SLD group performed significantly worse than healthy controls in facial ER total accuracy score (Cohen d = .77) and Stroop interference (Cohen d = .92). In individual emotion analyses, patients with SLD have a very high deficiency in recognition of angry faces (Cohen d = .89). Between-group difference was also significant for Stroop congruent and facilitation scores (Cohen d = .99). The Specific Learning Disorder Symptom Check List-Parent Form scores were significant -and only- predictor of the model which for total accuracy score of facial recognition. The results of this study supported an impairment in emotion recognition and executive functions in adolescents with SLD but causality seems still unclear.
Every year, nearly 2 million children die from infection with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. When red blood cells (RBC) become infected with malaria, a sticky parasite-derived knob protein, termed PfEMP-1, erupts on the RBC surfaces. PfEMP-1 attaches to several blood group molecules, including those found on other RBC, on blood vessels, and on the cells that normally help to stop bleeding (platelets). The cellular sticking results in a dangerous interruption in blood flow to vital organs, causing brain injury (cerebral malaria), systemic shock (lactic acidosis), and death. Depending on an individual's inherited blood groups of relevance, adhesion may be extensive or limited. In the laboratory, PfEMP-1 adheres to RBCs via the A or B (but not the O) antigens of the ABO blood group system, and to platelets and blood vessels via platelet glycoprotein IV (CD36) and ICAM-1. Consistent with the expected evolutionary advantage of being deficient in these binding targets, blood type O and low-expression of CD36 are found more frequently among Africans. The "Cytoadherence in Pediatric Malaria" (CPM) project is determining the distribution of adhesive blood group molecules in a cohort of 2000 Ugandan children according to the extent of malaria severity and death, and thus their ultimate clinical and evolutionary significance in malarial survival. This knowledge may serve as the grounds for developing targeted cytoadhesion-interruption therapies in our fight against malaria.
A technique for providing multi-sensory content receives input information that expresses a physiological state and experienced emotional state of a user. The technique generates prompt information that describes at least an objective of guidance to be delivered and the input information. The technique maps the prompt information to output information using a pattern completion component. The output information contains control instructions for controlling an output system to deliver the guidance via generated content. In some implementations, the pattern completion component is a machine-trained pattern completion model. In some implementations, a reward-driven machine-trained model further processes the input information and/or the output information. The reward-driven machine-trained model is trained by reinforcement learning to promote the objective of the guidance. In other implementations, the reward-driven machine-trained model operates by itself, without the pattern completion component.
In order to identify an antigen to 2D7 antibody, a 2D7 antigen is cloned. As a result, it is indicated that the 2D7 antigen is an HLA class I molecule. Based on this finding, it is discussed whether the 2D7 antibody has an activity of inducing cell death or not. As a result, nuclear fragmentation is observed by further crosslinking the 2D7 antibody with another antibody, thereby indicating that cell death is induced. It is also clarified that a diabody of the 2D7 antibody has an extremely strong cell death-inducing activity even though no other antibody is added. These results point out that a degradation product of an antibody recognizing HLA is usable as a cell death-inducing agent.
OBJECTIVE: Calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystal deposition in the joints is associated with a heterogeneous set of debilitating syndromes characterized by inflammation and pain, for which no effective therapies are currently available. Because we found that the mitochondrial enzyme monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) plays a fundamental role in promoting inflammatory pathways, this study aims at assessing the efficacy of two clinical-grade inhibitors (iMAO-Bs) in preclinical models of this disease to pave the way for a novel treatment.
METHODS: We tested our hypothesis in two murine models of CPP-induced arthritis, by measuring cytokine and chemokine levels, along with immune cell recruitment. iMAO-Bs (rasagiline and safinamide) were administered either before or after crystal injection. To elucidate the molecular mechanism, we challenged in vitro primed macrophages with CPP crystals and assessed the impact of iMAO-Bs in dampening proinflammatory cytokines and in preserving mitochondrial function.
RESULTS: Both in preventive and therapeutic in vivo protocols, iMAO-Bs blunted the release of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6 and IL1-β) and chemokines (CXCL10, CXCL1, CCL2 and CCL5) (n > 6 mice/group). Importantly, they also significantly reduced ankle swelling (50.3% vs 17.1%; P < 0.001 and 23.1%; P = 0.005 for rasagiline and safinamide, respectively). Mechanistically, iMAO-Bs dampened the burst of reactive oxygen species and the mitochondrial dysfunction triggered by CPP crystals in isolated macrophages. Moreover, iMAO-Bs blunted cytokine secretion and NLRP3 inflammasome activation through inhibition of the NF-κB and STAT3 pathways.
CONCLUSION: iMAO-Bs dampen inflammation in murine models of crystal-induced arthropathy, thereby uncovering MAO-B as a promising target to treat these diseases.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of type A botulinum toxin treatment for androgenetic alopecia (AGA) using a combination of ultrasound and trichoscopy.
METHODS: Ninety patients with AGA who visited the Department of Dermatology at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from September 2021 to December 2022 were prospectively selected. These patients met the diagnostic criteria outlined in the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia. The alopecia severity in the male patients ranged between grades 2 and 4 on the Norwood-Hamilton Scale. The patients were randomly assigned to receive injections of the same type of biological agent in a double-blind manner, with injection sites being the vertex or bilateral temporal-frontal hairline. In this study, the botulinum toxin group comprised 72 patients who received a biological agent with 100 units of type A botulinum toxin. The control group included 18 patients, and the biological agent administered to them contained 0 units of type A botulinum toxin. The patients were observed using 22-MHz ultrasound and trichoscopy before treatment, and 1 month and 3 months after treatment to compare the differences in various parameters at the injection sites. The ultrasound parameters included average follicle width, length, and count. The trichoscopy parameters were the number of hairs within a 1-cm2 area on the counting scale. No artificial interventions were performed at the injection sites, and all examination conditions were consistent.
RESULTS: The patients in the botulinum toxin group had wider and longer average follicle width and length at the vertex 1 month and 3 months after treatment (p < 0.05), and wider and longer average follicle width and length in the left frontal area 3 months after treatment (p < 0.05) compared with those in the control group. The average follicle width and length gradually increased after treatment in the botulinum toxin group (p < 0.05), but no statistically significant differences were found in the control group (p > 0.05). The patients in the botulinum toxin group exhibited greater average follicle lengths after treatment at the vertex compared with the left frontal area (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in follicle count (p > 0.05) or hair count (p > 0.05) between the botulinum toxin and control groups after injection treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: The follicle width and length are effective parameters for evaluating the efficacy of type A botulinum toxin treatment for AGA. Ultrasound revealed that the changes in follicles at the vertex occurred earlier than those in the left frontal area following treatment. Additionally, the changes in follicles were detected earlier than the changes in hair count using ultrasound. Ultrasound combined with trichoscopy provided more parameters for evaluating the efficacy of type A botulinum toxin treatment for AGA, resulting in a more comprehensive evaluation.
FIELD: medicine, narcology, phytotherapy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of treatment of drug addicts with medicinal agents of the plant origin. Method is realized by stages on background of aromatic therapy with essential oils, medicinal herb infusions and additional inclusion of corresponding additions. Method is used for treatment of patients from different groups and different degree of drug dependence. EFFECT: accelerated period of recovery as compared with the known procedure. 2 cl
Children who experienced moderate perinatal asphyxia (MPA) are at risk of developing long lasting subtle cognitive and behavioral deficits, including learning disabilities and emotional problems. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) regulates cognitive flexibility and emotional behavior. Neurons that release serotonin (5-HT) project to the PFC, and compounds modulating 5-HT activity influence emotion and cognition. Whether 5-HT dysregulations contribute to MPA-induced cognitive problems is unknown. We established a MPA mouse model, which displays recognition and spatial memory impairments and dysfunctional cognitive flexibility. We found that 5-HT expression levels, quantified by immunohistochemistry, and 5-HT release, quantified by in vivo microdialysis in awake mice, are reduced in PFC of adult MPA mice. MPA mice also show impaired body temperature regulation following injection of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT, suggesting the presence of deficits in 5-HT auto-receptor function on raphe neurons. Finally, chronic treatment of adult MPA mice with fluoxetine, an inhibitor of 5-HT reuptake transporter, or the 5-HT1A receptor agonist tandospirone rescues cognitive flexibility and memory impairments. All together, these data demonstrate that the development of 5-HT system function is vulnerable to moderate perinatal asphyxia. 5-HT hypofunction might in turn contribute to long-term cognitive impairment in adulthood, indicating a potential target for pharmacological therapies.
The subjects are patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy under sedation. Participants are randomized into DF-NBI and WL groups. Rapid urease test will be performed in all cases. By captured images of gastric mucosa, classification of DF-NBI for Helicobacter pylori infected mucosa will be developed and validated. The established classification of WL for Helicobacter pylori infection will be used. Finally, the investigators will compare the accuracy between two groups based on each classification.
Objectives: We aimed to map and synthesize evidence about social inequalities in long-term health effects after COVID-19 (LTHE), often referred to as "long COVID" or "post-COVID-19 conditions." Methods: We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed articles by searching the databases Embase and Scopus. According to predefined inclusion criteria, titles/abstracts and full texts were screened for eligibility. Additionally, reference lists of all included studies were hand-searched for eligible studies. This study followed the PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews. Results: Nineteen articles were included. LTHE were analysed according to ethnicity, education, income, employment and deprivation indices. The studies varied significantly in their definitions of LTHE. Eighty-two analyses showed no statistically significant associations. At least 12 studies had a high risk of type II errors. Only studies associating deprivation indices and long COVID tended to show a higher prevalence of LTHE in deprived areas. Conclusion: Although some studies indicated social inequalities in LTHE, evidence was generally weak and inconclusive. Further studies with larger sample sizes specifically designed to detect social inequalities regarding LTHE are needed to inform future healthcare planning and public health policies.
The higher prevalence of age-associated neurodegenerative disorders (e.g. Parkinson, Alzheimer), is in line with a steady increase of the average life expectancy in Switzerland. With the progression of neurodegenerative disorders and the increasing number of elderly people, the need for institutional care intensifies, which contrasts with the desire of most elderly and patients to live independently. The rapid evolution of assistive technology offers new possibilities in providing medical professionals preventive services in real-time. An extended stay in the hospital could influence independent ageing negatively and thus, monitoring has great potential to prevent critical events. In this study, the main focus is on the individual sensors and how they can be combined to one unobtrusive system. In addition, to get an understanding which parameters of the sensors are important and how the data can be extracted and processed (algorithms). Therefore, the aim of this study is to validate the accuracy to assess human behaviour and daily activities during day and night by unobtrusive sensors in an instrumented apartment in healthy participants.