anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
With an increasing interest in dietary fibers (DFs) to promote intestinal health and the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, there is a continued rise in the incorporation of refined DFs in processed foods. It is still unclear how refined fibers, such as guar gum, affect the gut microbiota activity and pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Our study elucidated the effect and underlying mechanisms of guar gum, a fermentable DF (FDF) commonly present in a wide range of processed foods, on colitis development. We report that guar gum containing diet (GuD) increased the susceptibility to colonic inflammation. Specifically, GuD-fed group exhibited severe colitis upon dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administration, as evidenced by reduced body weight, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and shortening of colon length compared to cellulose-fed control mice. Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory markers in both serum [serum amyloid A (SAA), lipocalin 2 (Lcn2)] and colon (Lcn2) and extensive disruption of colonic architecture further affirmed that GuD-fed group exhibited more severe colitis than control group upon DSS intervention. Amelioration of colitis in GuD-fed group pre-treated with antibiotics suggest a vital role of intestinal microbiota in GuD-mediated exacerbation of intestinal inflammation. Gut microbiota composition and metabolite analysis in fecal and cecal contents, respectively, revealed that guar gum primarily enriches Actinobacteriota, specifically Bifidobacterium. Guar gum also altered multiple genera belonging to phyla Bacteroidota and Firmicutes. Such shift in gut microbiota composition favored luminal accumulation of intermediary metabolites succinate and lactate in the GuD-fed mice. Colonic IL-18 and tight junction markers were also decreased in the GuD-fed group. Importantly, GuD-fed mice pre-treated with recombinant IL-18 displayed attenuated colitis. Collectively, unfavorable changes in gut microbiota activity leading to luminal accumulation of lactate and succinate, reduced colonic IL-18, and compromised gut barrier function following guar gum feeding contributed to increased colitis susceptibility.
Archived tumor and intrathoracic lymph node tissue samples are analyzed for aberrant DNA methylation (p16/CDKN2A, DAP kinase, H-cadherin, APC, and RASSF1A) by methylation-specific PCR. Analyses are then compared with the preliminary data from the Johns Hopkins institutional study.
BACKGROUND: This study focuses on the role of lysosomal trafficking in prostate cancer, given the essential role of lysosomes in cellular homoeostasis.
METHODS: Lysosomal motility was evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy of LAMP-1-transfected prostate cells and spot-tracking analysis. Expression of lysosomal trafficking machinery was evaluated in patient cohort databases and through immunohistochemistry on tumour samples. The roles of vesicular trafficking machinery were evaluated through over-expression and siRNA. The effects of R1881 treatment on lysosome vesicular trafficking was evaluated by RNA sequencing, protein quantification and fixed- and live-cell microscopy.
RESULTS: Altered regulation of lysosomal trafficking genes/proteins was observed in prostate cancer tissue, with significant correlations for co-expression of vesicular trafficking machinery in Gleason patterns. The expression of trafficking machinery was associated with poorer patient outcomes. R1881 treatment induced changes in lysosomal distribution, number, and expression of lysosomal vesicular trafficking machinery in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer cells. Manipulation of genes involved in lysosomal trafficking events induced changes in lysosome positioning and cell phenotype, as well as differential effects on cell migration, in non-malignant and prostate cancer cells.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide novel insights into the altered regulation and functional impact of lysosomal vesicular trafficking in prostate cancer pathogenesis.
PURPOSE:To obtain a substance which is useful as the material of cosmetics, is safe for the human skin, has an antioxidant action, and is effective in preventing wrinkles on the human skin by hydrolyzing a mucus of a shellfish, esp. a pearl oyster. CONSTITUTION:A mucus is obtd. by removing the shell of a shellfish and pressing or centrifuging the residue. The mucus is desalted and concentrated by a treatment such as precipitation by heating or with ethanol and then is hydrolyzed with an acid, an alkali, or a protease (e.g. trypsin or papain). Using the enzyme is suitable since its specificity enables the production of a desired peptide while reducing the amts. of by-products. Desalting the resulting hydrolyzate with 40-80% ethanol is pref. since the coloration of the hydrolyzate is reduced-A cultured pearl oyster is pref. as the shellfish from the viewpoint of waste treatment.
Methyldopa may interfere with measurement of: urinary uric acid by the phosphotungstate method, serum creatinine by the alkaline picrate method, and SGOT by colorimetric methods. Interference with spectrophotometric methods for SGOT analysis has not been reported.  
  
Since methyldopa causes fluorescence in urine samples at the same wave lengths as catecholamines, falsely high levels of urinary catecholamines may be reported. This will interfere with the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. It is important to recognize this phenomenon before a patient with a possible pheochromocytoma is subjected to surgery. Methyldopa does not interfere with measurement of VMA (vanillylmandelic acid), a test for pheochromocytoma, by those methods which convert VMA to vanillin. Methyldopa is not recommended for the treatment of patients with pheochromocytoma. Rarely, when urine is exposed to air after voiding, it may darken because of breakdown of methyldopa or its metabolites.
The invention discloses a polypeptide compound with repairing, anti-aging and whitening effects, a composition and application thereof. The polypeptide compound has the general formula of RA-X3-X4-RADC-X9-X10-X11-X12-X13-X14 or HwAWFK-X7-X8-X9-X10-X11-X12-X13-X14. The polypeptides of some examples of the invention are highly safe and include all or part of the following properties: excellent tyrosinase inhibiting function, inhibiting melanin generation, scavenging DPPH free radical, and repairingSenescent cells, inhibiting hydroxyl radicals (OH. Cndot.) in senescent cells  ‑  ) Ability to increase Catalase (CAT) activity in senescent cells. Therefore, the skin-whitening and/or anti-aging effects are potential, and the skin-whitening and/or anti-aging skin-whitening cream is expected to be applied to products such as cosmetics, medical and aesthetic products, health-care foods, medicines and the like.
Patients in PT-Cy group received a Bu/Flu/Cy-based conditioning regimen as follows: Flu (40 mg/m2 or 1 mg/kg IV) on days -8 to -4; Bu (3.2 mg kg/ d-1 IV) on days -7 to -4; Cy (14.5-40 mg/kg IV) on days -3 to -2;±cytarabine (3 g/m2/d IV) on days -9 to -8; and ± IDA (15 mg/m2/d IV) on days -9 to -8. The addition of IDA and/or cytarabine depended on the performance status of the patients and whether the patients were in relapse status. High-dose PTCy (50 mg/kg/d IV) was administered on days +3 and +4.
FIELD: medicine, immunology, zooveterinary science. SUBSTANCE: method involves mixing triethanolamine with ortho-cresohydroxyacetic acid in medium of polar solvent in the presence of activated carbon. Mixture is heated to 45-65 C, then cooled to 5-15 C, precipitating agent is added and after a precipitate drying product is recrystallized from a mixture of isopropanol and hexane at ratio 1:1 followed by washing with ether and secondary drying. Hexane, acetone and isopropanol taken at ratio = 1:0.3:0.2 is used as a precipitating agent. Method can involve preliminary purification of ortho-cresohydroxyacetic acid by its mixing with an alcohol aqueous solution in the presence of an activated carbon. The obtained reaction mass is filtered at 70-80 C and the precipitated crystals were filtered off, washed and dried. EFFECT: improved method of synthesis. 4 cl, 2 tbl
Hands-on training and social media sites have heavily emphasized the use of tourniquets to treat limb injuries during the Ukraine war. Tourniquet overuse or misuse can lead to significant tragedy-limb loss, physiologic complications, and even death. Casualty evacuation in Ukraine often exceeds 6 hours, and the liberal use of limb tourniquets may have unintentionally increased morbidity. Tourniquet application was appropriate in 24.6% of the wounded with tourniquets in one recent publication by a Ukrainian vascular surgeon. The longer a limb tourniquet is in place raises the risk of compartment syndrome, vascular thrombosis, rhabdomyolysis, and irreversible myonecrosis resulting in major tissue loss and often necessitating limb amputation. If bleeding is controlled with a tourniquet, attempts to remove the tourniquet as early as possible to avoid the negative consequences are essential. Training in tourniquet use without explaining possible limb loss and other complications resulting from tourniquets left in situ more than 2 hours makes use risky. Tourniquets should be loosened at one hour if the tactical situation allows, and the injury assessed to determine if major bleeding persists or to determine if other methods of hemostasis would be effective. Ukraine must improve the training so that everyone becomes aware of the risks of prolonged or improper tourniquet use. This tourniquet training information must be transmitted to military medical leaders, Ukrainian military medics, civilian volunteers, volunteers in Ukraine, and NATO trainers in allied countries conducting medical training for Ukrainian soldiers. A trauma registry and tracking through echelons of care can enhance performance improvement through timely feedback.
PURPOSE:To obtain a shampoo composition capable of giving the hair both smoothness and softness, excellent in foamability and foam sustainability by dispersing a nonvolatile silicone in the form of particles having a specific mean diameter followed by combining the resultant dispersion with an anionic surfactant. CONSTITUTION:The objective emulsion type shampoo composition can be obtained by dispersing 0.5-8wt.% of nonvolatile silicone particles 0.2-2mum in mean diameter [esp. pref. a silicone derivative of the formula (R<1> is methyl or phenyl; R<2> is methyl or OH; n is 2400-15000)] followed by formulating the resultant dispersion with 5-30wt.% of an anionic surfactant (esp. pref. a polyoxyethylene alkyl sulfuric ester salt). Besides, formulation of this shampoo composition with 1-30wt.% of a nonionic surfactant (esp. pref. an alkylsaccharide-based surfactant) reduces the stimulativeness of the anionic surfactant, thus being preferable.
Patients with normal IPV (\< 30%). Will assess risk of subclinical acute rejection in patients with high IPV compared to normal IPV. All tacrolimus 12 h trough levels in patients with stable allograft function at least 3 months post-transplant.
PURPOSE: To obtain a tablet for oral cavity use having a reduced solving rate in the oral cavity and excellent in feeling in use by compounding xylitol and an oligosaccharide as active components. CONSTITUTION: This tablet contains 25-99wt.% of xylitol and 1-75wt.% of a normal and/or branched oligosaccharide (e.g. reducing starch hydrolysate) having an average molecular weight of 500-4000. The oligosaccharide is preferably a reducing starch hydrolysate having glucose and maltose each of <=10wt.% since the hydrolysate is capable of combining xylitol strongly and preparing a tablet for oral cavity use having dry feeling in use. Further, the reducing starch hydrolysate is preferable because it is not metabolized by most of bacteria of an oral cavity, and especially has low cariogenicity. When xylitol is used in combination with the oligosaccharide, the obtained tablet has a reduced dissolving rate in the oral cavity and slow dissolution. The tablet is free from sandy feeling and pasty feeling and has good usability.  A troche is formed by a wet forming method or a press forming method.
BACKGROUND: Patients with severe stroke often rely on surrogate decision-makers for life-sustaining treatment decisions. We investigated ethnic differences between Mexican Americans (MAs) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) individuals in surrogate reports of physician quality of communication and shared decision-making from the OASIS study (Outcomes Among Surrogate Decision Makers in Stroke) project.
METHODS: Patients had ischemic stroke or intracerebral hemorrhage in Nueces County, TX. Surrogates self-identified as being involved in decisions about do-not-resuscitate orders, brain surgery, ventilator, feeding tube, or hospice/comfort care. Surrogate reports of physician quality of communication (scale score, range from 0 to 10) and shared decision-making (CollaboRATE scale score, binary score 1 versus 0) were compared by ethnicity with linear or logistic regression using generalized estimating equations, adjusted for prespecified demographics, clinical factors, and confounders.
RESULTS: Between April 2016 and September 2020, 320 surrogates for 257 patients with stroke enrolled (MA, 158; NHW, 85; and other, 14). Overall quality of communication score was better among surrogates of MA patients than NHW individuals after adjustment for demographics, stroke severity, and patient survival though the ethnic difference was attenuated (β, 0.47 [95% CI, -0.17 to 1.12]; P=0.15) after adjustment for trust in the medical profession and frequency of personal prayer. High CollaboRATE scale scores were more common among surrogates of MA patients than NHW individuals (unadjusted odds ratio, 1.75 [95% CI, 1.04-2.95]). This association persisted after adjustment for demographic and clinical factors though there was an interaction between patient age and ethnicity (P=0.04), suggesting that this difference was primarily in older patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Surrogate decision-makers of MA patients generally reported better outcomes on validated measures of quality of communication and shared decision-making than NHW individuals. Further study of outcomes among diverse populations of stroke surrogate decision-makers may help to identify sources of strength and resiliency that may be broadly applicable.
High flow, low pressure oxygen will be supplied in microlaryngoscopy airway surgery. These procedures are usually performed with jet ventilation (UAB) or intermittent apnea (surgery centers). Jet ventilation provides oxygenation with limited ventilation but come with high risks, such as barotrauma, pneumothorax, mucosa drying, and even death in the most severe cases. Intermittent apnea is a nuisance for the surgeon in that surgical time is often interrupted with having to place the endotracheal tube whenever the patient's oxygen saturation levels fall. The solution is oxygen insufflation, which will give extended oxygenation times for the surgeon to operate without the inherent risks associated with jet ventilation. During the procedure, oxygen tubing will be connected to the surgeon's laryngoscope instead of the jet ventilation tubing. Oxygen flows of 15 L/min will be administered through the laryngoscope to the posterior oropharynx. Endotracheal tube will be placed if oxygenation deemed insufficient due to oxygen saturations of \<90%. Endotracheal tube will be intermittently placed to check and correct carbon dioxide levels.
A lip balm applicator product comprises upper and lower portions that are connectable together to define the applicator product being of a substantially spherical shape. A support platform is located in the lower portion and accommodates a quantity of lip balm having an arcuate surface. A lip balm comprises a composition of waxes and oils in solid form and formed to have an arcuate surface. The composition is formed to have the arcuate surface using a hot pour process. A method of manufacturing a lip balm comprises providing a receptacle having a concave arcuate surface. A lip balm material in a heated, liquefied phase is poured into the receptacle. Once poured, the heated, liquefied phase is allowed to solidify such that a surface of the solidified lip balm material has an arcuate configuration that corresponds to the concave arcuate surface of the receptacle.
Herein, we investigated the role of the m6A methylation enzyme METTL14 in regulating myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (IR/I) through the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and related biological mechanisms. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were performed to detect the m6A mRNA and METTL3, METTL14, WTAP, and KIAA1429 levels in a mouse myocardial IR/I model. An oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model was constructed by transfecting neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCM) with METTL14-knockdown lentivirus. METTL14, Bax, and cleaved-caspase3 mRNA expression levels were detected using fluorescence qPCR. Apoptosis was detected using TUNEL staining. After the IR/I surgery following the adeno-associated virus injection, the METTL14 mRNA and apoptosis-related BAX/BCL2 protein expression was detected using fluorescence qPCR and western blotting, respectively. Degree of cell necrosis was detected using an LDH assay. The oxidative stress response of the myocardial tissue was detected, and IL-6 and IL-1β serum levels were detected using ELISAs. The mice injected with METTL14-knockdown AAV9 adeno-associated virus underwent IR/I surgery after the injection of an Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitor (MK2206) into the myocardial layer. Elevated mRNA m6A modification and m6A methyltransferase METTL14 levels were observed in the IR/I-injured mouse heart tissues. METTL14 knockdown significantly inhibited the OGD/R- and IR/I-induced apoptosis and necrosis in cardiac myocytes, inhibited IR/I-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory factor secretion, and activated the Akt/ mTOR pathway in vitro and in vivo. Akt/mTOR pathway inhibition significantly attenuated the alleviating effect of METTL14 knockdown on myocardial IR/I injury-induced apoptosis. Knocking down m6A methylase METTL14 inhibits IR/I-induced myocardial apoptosis and necrosis, inhibits myocardial oxidative stress and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and activates the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Hence, METTL14 regulated myocardial apoptosis and necrosis in mice with IR/I through the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
INTRODUCTION: The Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) recommends lung cancer screening for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), but data is lacking regarding results of screening in this high-risk population. The main goal of the present work is to explore if lung cancer screening with Low Dose Chest Tomography (LDCT) in people with COPD, allows lung cancer (LC) diagnosis in early stages with survival compatible with curative state.
METHODS: This is a post hoc exploratory analysis. Pamplona International Early Lung Cancer Action Program (P-IELCAP) participants with a GOLD defined obstructive pattern (post bronchodilator FEV1/FVC<0.70) were selected for analysis. The characteristics of those who developed LC and their survival are described. A Cox proportional analysis explored the factors associated with LC diagnosis.
RESULTS: Eight hundred and sixty-five patients (77% male, 93% in spirometric GOLD stage 1+2) were followed for 102±63 months. LC prevalence was 2.6% at baseline, with an annual LC diagnosis rate of 0.68%. Early-stage tumors predominated (74%) with a median survival (25-75th percentiles) of 139 (76-185) months. Cumulative tobacco exposure, FEV1%, and emphysema were the main predictors of an LC diagnosis. Eight (11%) patients with COPD had a second LC, most of them in early stage (92%), and 6 (8%) had recurrence. Median survival (25-75th percentiles) in these patients was 168 (108-191) months.
CONCLUSIONS: Lung cancer screening of selected high-risk participants with COPD allowed the LC diagnosis in early stages with survival compatible with curative state.
[PROBLEMS] To provide a wrinkle-extending sheet sticking device capable of sticking a sheet while easily extending wrinkles merely by one hand and well keeping its stuck state. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] This wrinkle-extending sheet sticking device comprises pressing parts disposed continuously with vane parts. The pressing parts are formed narrower than the vane parts. A force pressing the pressing parts is transmitted to the vane parts to open the vane parts so that the sheet S can be stuck while extending the wrinkles. Further, a mechanism holding the maximally enlarged state of the vane parts is formed by the fitting structure of a device portion and a clearance C is formed between the device and the sheet S in the maximally enlarged state of the vane parts. Then, the wrinkle-extending sheet as well as the device can be stuck on an affected portion of a human body.
If there is a significant improvement in social skills for the active treatment condition, the reason might be that the participants were exposed to social environment by coming to the lab and interacting with the research staff twice a week for 5 weeks and/or they used a computerized training tool twice a week for 5 weeks. In order to control for these potential confounds, we included a cognitive training arm. Participants will undergo a commercially available cognitive training program for ten 1-hour sessions (twice a week for 5 weeks).
Injectable compositions, for use in the combating of malignant tumours, comprise in dosage unit form in admixture with a parenterally acceptable pharmaceutical liquid carrier from 250 to 6000 mg. of protamine which may be in the form of the free base, a physiologically acceptable acid addition salt thereof or a protamine-active compound.  The compositions can be stabilized by the inclusion of a formaldehyde-bisulphite or formaldehyde-sulphoxylate complex.  Where such a complex is heated with protamine in aqueous alkaline solution, a protamine-active compound is formed.  The bisulphite or sulphoxylate moiety of the formaldehyde complex is preferably in the form of an alkali metal salt, e.g. potassium or sodium salt. Suitable salts of protamine include the hydrochloride, hydrobromide, phosphate, nitrate, citrate, tartrate and sulphate. In examples, the protamine used is salmine (from salmon) and clupeine (from herring).  The carrier is preferably sterile pyrogen-free water, optionally containing salts such as sodium chloride.