anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT), particularly chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, has emerged as a promising approach for targeting and treating rare oncological conditions. The orphan medicinal product designation by the European Union (EU) plays a crucial role in promoting development of medicines for rare conditions according to the EU Orphan Regulation.This regulatory landscape analysis examines the evolution, regulatory challenges, and clinical outcomes of genetically engineered ACT, with a focus on CAR-T cell therapies, based on the European Medicines Agency's Committee for Orphan Medicinal Products review of applications evaluated for orphan designation and maintenance of the status over a 10-year period. In total, 30 of 36 applications were granted an orphan status, and 14 subsequently applied for maintenance of the status at time of marketing authorisation or extension of indication. Most of the products were autologous cell therapies using a lentiviral vector and were developed for the treatment of rare haematological B-cell malignancies. The findings revealed that 80% (29/36) of the submissions for orphan designation were supported by preliminary clinical data showing a potential efficacy of the candidate products and an added clinical benefit over currently authorised medicines for the proposed orphan condition. Notably, in 89% (32/36) of the cases significant benefit of the new products was accepted based on a clinically relevant advantage over existing therapies. Twelve of fourteen submissions reviewed for maintenance of the status at time of marketing authorisation or extension of indication demonstrated significant benefit of the products over existing satisfactory methods of treatment within the approved therapeutic indications, but one of the applications was withdrawn during the regulatory evaluation.This article summarises the key findings related to the use of engineered ACT, primarily CAR-T cell therapies, in targeting and treating rare cancers in the EU. It emphasises the importance of use of clinical data in supporting medical plausibility and significant benefit at the stage of orphan designation and highlights the high success rate for these products in obtaining initial orphan designations and subsequent maintaining the status at the time of marketing authorisation or extension of indication.
Low dose 1500 mg sodium bicarbonate (Nephrotrans®) per day (500mg tablets 3x/day) for 14 ± 3 days. The patients will be advised to take one capsule with breakfast, one with lunch and one with dinner (schedule 1-1-1).
All recruited participants will sign a statement of informed consent. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups (combined intervention group and standard intervention group). The following questionnaires were completed in the following order: Neck Disability Index (NDI), Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and Global Rating of Change Scale (GROC). Next, Cervical Range of Motion (ROM) and Pain threshold were measured for both groups. The combined intervention group received the cervical passive mobilization, stretching, and home program (Stretching and ROM exercise). The standard intervention group received cervical mobilization and home program (ROM exercises).
Participants will receive scored film-coated 10 milligram (mg) FDC matching placebo tablets (Intake period 1) swallowed whole followed by FDC of scored film-coated D/C/F/TAF 675/150/200/10 mg matching placebo tablets (Intake period 2) swallowed as a split tablet on Day 1. Both the intakes will be separated by at least 15 minutes.
This group of 30 physicians will attend the intervention communication skills training in a delayed manner (control group). For this control group, the first and the second recording will take place with a four-month interval. This assessment involves the analyses of communicational, physiological and psychological variables recorded in the context of an encounter with a simulated advanced stage cancer patient.
AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the healthcare costs and benefits of enoxaparin compared to aspirin in the prevention of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) after total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using data from the CRISTAL trial.
METHODS: This trial-based economic analysis reports value for money as incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained in 2022 Australian dollars, compared to a single threshold value of AUD$70,000 per QALY. Event costs were estimated based on occurrence of VTEs and bleeds, and on published guidelines for treatment. Unit costs were taken from Australian sources. QALYs were estimated using CRISTAL six-month follow-up data. Sensitivity analyses are presented that vary the cost of VTE treatment, and extend the analyses to two years.
RESULTS: The CRISTAL trial found that enoxaparin was more effective than aspirin in preventing symptomatic VTE within 90 days of THA or TKA (risk difference 1.97% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54% to 3.41%; p = 0.007)). The additional cost after a THA or TKA was AUD$83 (95% CI 68 to 97) for enoxaparin, and enoxaparin resulted in an additional 0.002 QALYs (95% CI -0.002 to 0.005). Incremental cost per QALY gained was AUD$50,567 (95% CI 15,513, dominated) for enoxaparin. We can be 60% confident that the incremental cost per QALY does not exceed the willingness-to-pay threshold of AUD$70,000. Increasing the cost of VTE treatment and extension of costs and consequences to two years suggested greater confidence that enoxaparin is good value for money (70% and 63% confidence, respectively).
CONCLUSION: This analysis provides strong evidence that enoxaparin thromboprophylaxis following THA or TKA reduced VTEs, but weak evidence of net economic benefits over aspirin. If the value of avoiding VTEs is high, and there is a strong likelihood of VTE-related health impairments, we can be more confident that enoxaparin is cost-effective compared to aspirin.
Methotrexate is often the first drug of choice for patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but its efficacy is highly variable and it can lead to severe side effects. There are currently no reliable predictors of methotrexate efficacy for people with early RA.

Microbial dysbiosis (an imbalanced microbiome) has recently been implicated in RA, with associations between specific microbes and RA biomarkers or disease activity. Gut microbes have extensive capabilities in terms of xenobiotic (e.g. drug) metabolism. Several gut microbes are able to alter the drug methotrexate in vitro, and it is possible this could effect drug efficacy in vivo. Alternatively methotrexate efficacy could be affected by baseline microbial composition or alterations to microbial composition over the course of treatment.
Low bone mineral density and impaired bone quality have been shown to be important prognostic factors for curve progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). There is no evidence-based integrative interpretation method to analyze high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) data in AIS. This study aimed to (1) utilize unsupervised machine learning to cluster bone microarchitecture phenotypes on HR-pQCT parameters in girls with AIS, (2) assess the phenotypes' risk of curve progression and progression to surgical threshold at skeletal maturity (primary cohort), and (3) investigate risk of curve progression in a separate cohort of girls with mild AIS whose curve severity did not reach bracing threshold at recruitment (secondary cohort). Patients were followed up prospectively for 6.22 ± 0.33 years in the primary cohort (n = 101). Three bone microarchitecture phenotypes were clustered by fuzzy C-means at time of peripubertal peak height velocity (PHV). Phenotype 1 had normal bone characteristics. Phenotype 2 was characterized by low bone volume and high cortical bone density, and phenotype 3 had low cortical and trabecular bone density and impaired trabecular microarchitecture. The difference in bone quality among the phenotypes was significant at peripubertal PHV and continued to skeletal maturity. Phenotype 3 had significantly increased risk of curve progression to surgical threshold at skeletal maturity (odd ratio [OR] = 4.88; 95% CI, 1.03-28.63). In the secondary cohort (n = 106), both phenotype 2 (adjusted OR = 5.39; 95% CI, 1.47-22.76) and phenotype 3 (adjusted OR = 3.67; 95% CI, 1.05-14.29) had increased risk of curve progression ≥6° with mean follow-up of 3.03 ± 0.16 years. In conclusion, 3 distinct bone microarchitecture phenotypes could be clustered by unsupervised machine learning on HR-pQCT-generated bone parameters at peripubertal PHV in AIS. The bone quality reflected by these phenotypes was found to have significant differentiating risk of curve progression and progression to surgical threshold at skeletal maturity in AIS.
BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is closely linked to inflammation; however, the association between the systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and mortality in patients with sarcopenia remains unclear. This study aims to explore the relationship between SIRI and mortality in sarcopenia patients.
METHODS: We analyzed data from ten cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 1999 to 2018, selecting 3,141 sarcopenia patients. Mortality data were obtained from the National Death Index up to December 31, 2019. Participants were divided into three groups based on the ranking of their SIRI values. The association between SIRI and mortality was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models, with smooth curve fitting employed to test the correlation. Sensitivity analyses, subgroup analyses, and interaction tests were conducted to validate the stability of the findings.
RESULTS: A total of 101,316 individuals were included in this study. During a median follow-up of 10.4 years (minimum follow-up time of approximately 0.08 years, maximum follow-up time of 20.75 years), 667 participants died. Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis indicated a higher risk of mortality in the SIRI Q3 group. Cox regression analysis showed a significant association between the SIRI Q3 group and all-cause mortality [HR 1.24 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.47)] and cardiovascular disease mortality [HR 1.46 (95% CI: 1.04, 2.04)]. Subgroup analysis revealed that SIRI was significantly associated with all-cause mortality across various demographic characteristics (e.g., gender, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease). Sensitivity analysis, excluding participants with cardiovascular disease, those who died within two years of follow-up, and those under 50 years old, indicated higher hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the SIRI Q3 group.
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a significant association between SIRI and an increased risk of mortality in sarcopenia patients aged 20 years and older.
Participants will be instructed to soak upper arch dentures in the evening in cup of very warm water (150 millilitre \[ml\]) with 1 denture cleansing tablet from Day 0 to Day 7 for 15 minutes (mins). Brush dentures for 30 seconds using the solution, rinse under running water for 10 seconds. Cleaning of upper arch dentures in the morning is not permitted. Lower arch dentures will be cleaned using the participant's normal oral hygiene procedures in the morning and evening. If the participants will have lower removable partial or complete dentures, the soaking of these dentures will be done in a separate cup from the cup provided for soaking the upper denture.
BACKGROUND: While factors associated with long COVID (LC) continue to be illuminated, little is known about recovery. This study used national survey data to assess factors associated with recovery from LC.
METHODS: We used data from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey, a cross-sectional sample of noninstitutionalized US adults. Survey analysis was used to account for oversampling and nonresponse bias and to obtain nationally representative estimates. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify potential predictors of LC recovery.
RESULTS: Among those reporting ever having COVID-19, 17.7% or an estimated 17.5 million American adults reported ever having LC, and among those with LC, 48.5% or an estimated 8.5 million reported having recovered. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that Hispanic adults were significantly more likely than White adults to report recovery from LC. At the same time, those with severe COVID-19 symptoms and those who had more than a high school degree, were aged 40 years or older, or were female were less likely to report recovery.
CONCLUSION: Significant variations in LC recovery were noted across age, sex, race and ethnicity, education, and severity of COVID-19 symptoms. Further work is needed to elucidate the causes of these differences and identify strategies to increase recovery rates.
An isolated polynucleotide molecule comprising a DNA sequence encoding an infectious RNA molecule encoding a genetically modified North American porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus is described. The North American PRRS virus is classified within the family Arteriviridae that are in turn placed within the order Nidovirales. The virus is disabled in that when it infects a porcine animal it is unable to produce PRRS in that animal.  This property if effective in conferring immunoprotection against infection by the wild-type virus FIG. 1 shows the cloning strategy for construction of a full-length infectious cDNA clone of the PRRS virus, pT7P129A.  Arrowheads represent T7 promoter sequences.
The overall objective of this study is to determine whether the anti-angiogenic environment of preeclampsia results in pulmonary and vascular dysfunction in infants. Specifically, study investigators hypothesize that the anti- angiogenic environment of preeclampsia will impair pulmonary development and promote vascular dysfunction in infants. Furthermore, study investigators hypothesize that circulating progenitor cell (CPC) measurements in cord blood will correlate with infant pulmonary (Aim #1) and systemic vascular (Aim #2) function. Study investigators will determine whether the pro-angiogenic circulating progenitor cells (CPC) versus non-circulating progenitor cells ratio in cord blood of pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia predicts pulmonary diffusing capacity and systemic vascular dysfunction, as well as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). This research represents an important translational study that extends observations made in pre-clinical animal models that have clearly established a critical relationship between angiogenesis and lung development. Preliminary data strongly suggest a relationship between pro-angiogenic circulating progenitor cells (CPCs), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and pulmonary diffusion in human infants. Investigators will evaluate whether circulating progenitor cells (CPC)s are a biomarker for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), investigators will relate circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) to the underlying pathophysiology, as assessed by pulmonary function testing methods that we developed for this very difficult age group to evaluate. A positive finding in the study would provide the rationale for future translational studies evaluating the therapeutic potential of circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) to stimulate lung development of premature infants, as there are currently no known therapeutic interventions that minimize or prevent the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). One of several approaches could be applied in the future to increase circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) in premature infants: 1) pharmacologic mobilization of pro-angiogenic cells from the bone marrow, 2) expansion of pro-angiogenic cells from an infant's cord blood for autologous infusion, and 3) transfusion of pooled pro-angiogenic cells from multiple donors.
FIELD: medicine, oncology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to treatment of oncological diseases and can be used in treatment of tumors of different genesis. Method involves administration of 4-N-[2-(imidazol-4-yl)ethyl]carbamoyl-butyric acid in effective dose. Preferably the every day oral administration of preparation in the dose 0.5-5.0 mg/kg in combination with chemotherapy for 15 days, not less. For enhancement of effectiveness of immunotherapy of tumors preparation is administrated in combination with interferon. Method allows carrying out the effective non-cytotoxic therapy of oncological diseases, in part melanoma, and correction of hematological toxicity of chemopreparations and to stabilize growth of tumor. EFFECT: improved induction method, valuable medicinal properties of preparation. 8 cl, 22 tbl, 8 ex
The inventors have synthesized peptides that allow the binding of intact CD31 molecules to all healthy endothelial cells, resting platelets and leukocytes that can be contacted with the implantation instrument. Thus, these cells can receive the "canaliculus me" signal transmitted by the trans homophilic binding of CD31, which is critical to maintaining homeostasis in circulating and vascularized tissues. Thrombosis or life threatening occurrence of bleeding or thromboembolic complications compromises the use of intravascular devices. Devices carrying the mimetic peptides of the invention are rapidly integrated because they are perceived by platelets and leukocytes as healthy endothelium, a "self" component. In addition, their ability to rapidly endothelialise with physiological endothelial cell phenotypes also has long limited platelet and leukocyte activation at the site of instrument implantation. Thus, the present invention relates to peptides that mimic the interaction between trans homophilic CD31-CD31 domain 1 and 2 cells.
Background and Objectives: Primary headaches are highly prevalent among medical students, negatively impacting their health and academic performance. Excessive electronic device use has been implicated as a risk factor, in contrast to physical activity, which may be a protective factor; however, comprehensive data are lacking, especially for Saudi medical trainees. This study aims to investigate the associations between device use, exercise, and headaches among Saudi medical students. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 504 medical students at Jazan University completed an online survey collecting sociodemographic factors, headache characteristics/triggers, electronic device habits, exercise frequency, and headache impacts. Descriptive analyses summarized sample characteristics. Logistic regression identified predictors of 12-month headache prevalence. Results: Overall, 83% reported experiencing headaches in the past year. High headache prevalence was observed among females (86.6%) and third-year students (88.3%). Using electronic devices ≥4 h daily was associated with higher adjusted odds of headaches (OR 13.89, 95% CI 1.96-98.54) compared to ≤1 h daily. Low physical activity (exercising 1 day vs. 7 days a week) also increased headache odds (OR 3.89, 95% CI 1.61-9.42). Headaches impairing productivity (OR 4.39, 95% CI 2.28-8.45) and exacerbated by exercise (OR 10.37, 95% CI 2.02-53.35) were further associated with headache susceptibility. Conclusions: Excessive electronic device use and physical inactivity appear to be modifiable risk factors for frequent headaches in Saudi medical students. Multifaceted interventions incorporating education campaigns, skills training, and support services focused on promoting responsible technology habits, and regular exercise may help mitigate headaches in this population. Robust longitudinal studies and trials are warranted to establish causal mechanisms between lifestyle factors and headaches among medical undergraduates.
Results of evaluations of laboratory parameters (e.g., ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin, etc.), as well as investigator-reported incidence of adverse events relating to liver function, demonstrate that sevoflurane can be administered to patients with normal or mild-to-moderately impaired hepatic function. However, patients with severe hepatic dysfunction were not investigated. 

Occasional cases of transient changes in postoperative hepatic function tests were reported with both sevoflurane and reference agents. Sevoflurane was found to be comparable to isoflurane regarding these changes in hepatic function. 

Cases of mild, moderate, and severe hepatic dysfunction or hepatitis (e.g., jaundice associated with fever and/or eosinophilia) after anesthesia with sevoflurane have been reported. Clinical judgement should be exercised when sevoflurane is used in patients with underlying hepatic conditions or under treatment with drugs known to cause hepatic dysfunction (see ADVERSE REACTIONS). 

It has been reported that previous exposure to halogenated hydrocarbon anesthetics may increase the potential for hepatic injury.
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) is an inflammatory bowel condition characterised by eosinophilic infiltration of the stomach and small bowel. Smoking and certain foods can trigger EG.A man in his 40s presented to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain. He had rebound tenderness and guarding on his initial abdominal examination. A subsequent CT scan showed jejunal wall thickening and ascitesHe had similar attacks of abdominal pain and was misdiagnosed with familial Mediterranean fever and Crohn's disease.Paracentesis revealed eosinophilic ascites. No mucosal abnormality was detected on gastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy. A double-balloon enteroscopy revealed mucosal inflammation in the jejunum and a biopsy was taken. In this biopsy, eosinophilic jejunitis was detected. He was given corticosteroids and montelukast and his condition was resolved promptly. After discharge, he had attacks of EG until he quit smoking. After quitting smoking, he had an attack once in the last 2 years after consuming eggplant.
Benzphetamine hydrochloride tablets are indicated in the management of exogenous obesity as a short term (a few weeks) adjunct in a regimen of weight reduction based on caloric restriction in patients with an initial body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or higher who have not responded to appropriate weight reducing regimen (diet and/or exercise) alone. Below is a chart of Body Mass Index (BMI) based on various heights and weights. BMI is calculated by taking the patient’s weight, in kilograms (kg), divided by the patient’s height, in meters (m), squared. Metric conversions are as follows: pounds ÷ 2.2 = kg; inches × 0.0254 = meters. The limited usefulness of agents of this class (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY) should be weighed against possible risks inherent in their use such as those described below. 

Benzphetamine hydrochloride tablets are indicated for use as monotherapy only.
PURPOSE:A dermal external drug, containing germanium dioxide (GeO2) and useful as medicines or cosmetics. CONSTITUTION:A dermal external drug, obtained by containing germanium dioxide (GeO2) is an amount of 40-7g in 1,000ml for a solution state, e.g. aqueous solution and solution state of another solvent or 0.1-50g in 1,000g for a cream state and useful as medicines or cosmetics. When the GeO2 in a state of a liquid or cream is applied to the skin surface of human bodies, it permeates from the skin to sufficiently impart oxygen to the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissues thereby to improve nutriments of the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissues and exhibit beautifying effect. The drug is used by a method for cleaning a part for use, applying and rubbing the part 2-3 times a day and regulating the skin. EFFECT:The effect of percutaneous absorbing action and stability as a pharmaceutical are good and the drug is safe and nontoxic without any deterioration of symptoms and side effect at all. The beautifying effect is increased by using a natural germanium compound-containing drink together.