anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Management guidelines for low back pain (LBP) recommend exclusion of serious pathology, followed by simple analgesics, superficial heat therapy, early mobilisation and patient education. An audit in a large metropolitan hospital emergency department (ED) revealed high rates of non-recommended medication prescription for LBP (65% of patients prescribed opioids, 17% prescribed benzodiazepines), high inpatient admission rates (20% of ED LBP patients), delayed patient mobilisation (on average 6 hours) and inadequate patient education (48% of patients). This study aims to improve medication prescription for LBP in this ED by implementing an intervention shown previously to improve guideline-based management of LBP in other Australian EDs.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A controlled interrupted time series study will evaluate the intervention in the ED before (24 weeks; 20 March 2023-3 September 2023) and after (24 weeks; 27 November 2024-12 May 2024) implementation (12 weeks; 4 September 2023-26 November 2023), additionally comparing findings with another ED in the same health service. The multicomponent implementation strategy uses a formalised clinical flow chart to support clinical decision-making and aims to change clinician behaviour, through clinician education, provision of alternative treatments, educational resources, audit and feedback, supported by implementation champions. The primary outcome is the percentage of LBP patients prescribed non-recommended medications (opioids, benzodiazepines and/or gabapentinoids), assessed via routinely collected ED data. Anticipated sample size is 2000 patients (n=1000 intervention, n=1000 control) based on average monthly admissions of LBP presentations in the EDs. Secondary outcomes include inpatient admission rate, time to mobilisation, provision of patient education, imaging requests, representation to the ED within 6 months and healthcare costs. In nested qualitative research, we will study ED clinicians' perceptions of the implementation and identify how benefits can be sustained over time.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study received ethical approval from the Metro North Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC/2022/MNHA/87995). Study findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences and educational workshops.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ACTRN12622001536752.
BACKGROUND: Dual-energy (DE) detection of bone marrow edema (BME) would be a valuable new diagnostic capability for the emerging orthopedic cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) systems. However, this imaging task is inherently challenging because of the narrow energy separation between water (edematous fluid) and fat (health yellow marrow), requiring precise artifact correction and dedicated material decomposition approaches.
PURPOSE: We investigate the feasibility of BME assessment using kV-switching DE CBCT with a comprehensive CBCT artifact correction framework and a two-stage projection- and image-domain three-material decomposition algorithm.
METHODS: DE CBCT projections of quantitative BME phantoms (water containers 100-165 mm in size with inserts presenting various degrees of edema) and an animal cadaver model of BME were acquired on a CBCT test bench emulating the standard wrist imaging configuration of a Multitom Rax twin robotic x-ray system. The slow kV-switching scan protocol involved a 60 kV low energy (LE) beam and a 120 kV high energy (HE) beam switched every 0.5° over a 200° angular span. The DE CBCT data preprocessing and artifact correction framework consisted of (i) projection interpolation onto matched LE and HE projections views, (ii) lag and glare deconvolutions, and (iii) efficient Monte Carlo (MC)-based scatter correction. Virtual non-calcium (VNCa) images for BME detection were then generated by projection-domain decomposition into an Aluminium (Al) and polyethylene basis set (to remove beam hardening) followed by three-material image-domain decomposition into water, Ca, and fat. Feasibility of BME detection was quantified in terms of VNCa image contrast and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Robustness to object size, position in the field of view (FOV) and beam collimation (varied 20-160 mm) was investigated.
RESULTS: The MC-based scatter correction delivered > 69% reduction of cupping artifacts for moderate to wide collimations (> 80 mm beam width), which was essential to achieve accurate DE material decomposition. In a forearm-sized object, a 20% increase in water concentration (edema) of a trabecular bone-mimicking mixture presented as ∼15 HU VNCa contrast using 80-160 mm beam collimations. The variability with respect to object position in the FOV was modest (< 15% coefficient of variation). The areas under the ROC curve were > 0.9. A femur-sized object presented a somewhat more challenging task, resulting in increased sensitivity to object positioning at 160 mm collimation. In animal cadaver specimens, areas of VNCa enhancement consistent with BME were observed in DE CBCT images in regions of MRI-confirmed edema.
CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the proposed artifact correction and material decomposition pipeline can overcome the challenges of scatter and limited spectral separation to achieve relatively accurate and sensitive BME detection in DE CBCT. This study provides an important baseline for clinical translation of musculoskeletal DE CBCT to quantitative, point-of-care bone health assessment.
BACKGROUNDS: Although vision care is crucial for pediatric eye health, research on vision care utilization by children with disabilities remains limited. Furthermore, no study has investigated the variations among various disability types and the interaction between disability status and age.
METHODS: All children with disabilities listed in the Taiwan National Disability Registry during the study period (2015-2019) were matched by age and sex at a 1:4 ratio with children without disabilities. Vision care needs were measured on the basis of (1) the number of outpatient ophthalmology visits, (2) total medical costs associated with outpatient ophthalmology visits, and (3) whether ophthalmic care was provided. Generalized estimating equation models were estimated to determine the relationships between utilization, disability status, and age.
RESULTS: Significant differences in needs between various disability types were identified. Other than children with visual disability, children with facial disability and balance abnormalities also had considerable needs. Children with intellectual disabilities, which constituted the most common disability type (29.4% in 2019), had fewer visits (mean = 1.38, SD = 2.12) and lower medical costs, compared with the averages for all children with disabilities. Care utilization shared an inverted U-shaped relationship with age.
CONCLUSIONS: Children with disabilities have higher vision care needs, which vary by disability type and age. Such needs are greater at younger ages and decreases after the ages of 9-10 years. Policies should be specific to disability type and age to ensure vision care needs are met.
Macrophages are effector immune cells that experience substantial changes to oxygenation when transiting through tissues, especially when entering tumors or infected wounds. How hypoxia alters gene expression and macrophage effector function at the post-transcriptional level remains poorly understood. Here, we use TimeLapse-seq to measure how inflammatory activation modifies the hypoxic response in primary macrophages. Nucleoside recoding sequencing allows the derivation of steady-state transcript levels, degradation rates, and transcriptional synthesis rates from the same dataset. We find that hypoxia produces distinct responses from resting and inflammatory macrophages. Hypoxia induces destabilization of mRNA transcripts, though inflammatory macrophages substantially increase mRNA degradation compared to resting macrophages. Increased RNA turnover results in the upregulation of ribosomal protein genes and downregulation of extracellular matrix components in inflammatory macrophages. Pathways regulated by mRNA decay in vitro are differentially regulated in tumor-associated macrophages implying that mixed stimuli could induce post-transcriptional regulation of macrophage function in solid tumors.
This is a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel, double-blind 24-week prospective study of memantine at the dosage range 5-20 mg/day in 20 outpatients with idiopathic PD and dementia secondary to PD. Using the dosage escalation regimen approved for Alzheimer disease, subjects will start memantine or comparable placebo at 5 mg daily and advance 5 mg/week to 20 mg /day by week 4, with dosing at 10 mg bid. Subjects will undergo 7 clinical visits over the 6-month trial (Screen, Baseline/Week 0, and Weeks 4, 8, 14, 20, and 24). The dosage can be titrated downward in increments of 5 mg to a minimum dose of 5 mg/day in the event memantine is not tolerated at the scheduled dosages. This broad dose range is being used because 1)a favorable cognitive response may be evident at lower doses of memantine than recommended for AD and 2)adverse effects could emerge when typical AD dosing recommendations are used, as has been observed when treating PD patients with cholinesterase inhibitors. Subjects will remain on a stable dose of memantine/placebo after Week 8, unless precluded by adverse events. Ten subjects will be assigned to each treatment group. Randomization will be stratified according to whether subjects are taking a concomitant cholinesterase inhibitor. This will enable secondary group comparisons of treatment groups. Results from this initial small study will be used to evaluate the appropriateness of devising a larger-scale multi-site study of memantine for treatment of dementia in PD.

The proposed assessment schedule was designed to represent use of memantine in general clinical practice and to minimize the burdens to caregivers and patients, who have impaired mobility as well as cognitive function.
PURPOSE:To easily prepare the title utensil which has a required color and performs required functions by using a colorant comprising a fluorescent pigment and a pigment which has been fixed to the surface of a five particle in such a manner that the particle has a similar size to that of the fluorescent pigment. CONSTITUTION:A colorant is prepd. by compounding a fluorescent pigment with a pigment which has been fixed to the surface of an org. or inorg. particle having a particle size at least 10 times as large as that of this pigment in such a manner that the particle has a similar size to that of the fluorescent pigment. The obtained colorant is compounded with a binder and, if necessary, a body, lubricant, etc., and the resulting compsn. is molded and, if necessary, thermally treated.
Subjects with previous gastric bypass surgery (more then 1 year ago) and symptomatic hypoglycemia according to Whipples triade. These subjects will undergo an oral glucose tolerance test (OGGT), an isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion (IIGI) and a 300 kcal liquid mixed meal. They will furthermore undergo two additional liquid mixed meal; one with concomitant treatment with synthetic Exendin 9-39 and another with treatment with Octreotide. All tests will be separated by at least one week.
Reconstitute as directed below ( Directions for Proper Use of Pharmacy Bulk Package) prior to diluting with an intravenous solution. 

IMPORTANT: This chemical stability information in no way indicates that it would be acceptable practice to use this product well after the preparation time. Good professional practice suggests that compounded admixtures should be administered as soon after preparation as is feasible.

Stability studies on ampicillin sodium at several concentrations in various intravenous solutions indicate the drug will lose less than 10% activity at the temperatures noted for the time periods stated.

Only those solutions listed above should be used for the intravenous infusion of Ampicillin for Injection, USP. The concentrations should fall within the range specified. The drug concentration and the rate and volume of the infusion should be adjusted so that the total dose of ampicillin is administered before the drug loses its stability in the solution in use.
Placebo orally every 6 hours for up to 6 days. Questionnaire completion at baseline about diarrhea and other symptoms.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject water having a specific pH value and not injuring the skin. SOLUTION: This strongly acidic water for removing corneum is obtained by electrolyzing water incorporated with saline solution using an electrolyzer having a diaphragmless electrolytic tank. The water has <=pH 3.5 and 0.5-2ppm hypochlorous acid concentration. This strongly acidic water, on its contact with the skin, reacts with organic matter on the skin, and is immediately neutralized into water, therefore, does not injure the skin even if left of the skin. Since the corneum removal by this strongly acidic water is not physically but chemically, it does not injure the skin. Concentration of the hypochlorous acid at >=0.5ppm in this water improves its corneum-removing potency, while at <=2ppm prevents skin injury due to the hypochlorous acid.  This strongly acidic water as a corneum remover is less in possibility to injure the skin as compared to conventional face washes containing protease or abrasive.
Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) promotes intestinal tumor growth and its relative abundance varies greatly among patients with CRC, suggesting the presence of unknown, individual-specific effectors in F. nucleatum-dependent carcinogenesis. Here, we identify that F. nucleatum is enriched preferentially in KRAS p.G12D mutant CRC tumor tissues and contributes to colorectal tumorigenesis in Villin-Cre/KrasG12D+/- mice. Additionally, Parabacteroides distasonis (P. distasonis) competes with F. nucleatum in the G12D mouse model and human CRC tissues with the KRAS mutation. Orally gavaged P. distasonis in mice alleviates the F. nucleatum-dependent CRC progression. F. nucleatum invades intestinal epithelial cells and binds to DHX15, a protein of RNA helicase family expressed on CRC tumor cells, mechanistically involving ERK/STAT3 signaling. Knock out of Dhx15 in Villin-Cre/KrasG12D+/- mice attenuates the CRC phenotype. These findings reveal that the oncogenic effect of F. nucleatum depends on somatic genetics and gut microbial ecology and indicate that personalized modulation of the gut microbiota may provide a more targeted strategy for CRC treatment.
Midodrine (5 mg TDS) along with albumin(20g/l) and diuretics. The dose of Midodrine will titrated according to the Mean arterial pressure (75-90mmhg). The dose will be increased to a maximum of 12.5 mg thrice daily.
This study examined proprioceptive acuity and its relationship with motor function in Mandarin-speaking children with and without developmental language disorder (DLD). Fifteen children aged 9-12 years with DLD and 15 age- and sex-matched typically developing (TD) children participated in this study. Children's motor function was assessed using the second edition of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC-2). Their proprioceptive acuity was measured based on the absolute error (i.e., proprioceptive bias) and variable error (i.e., proprioceptive precision) when performing joint position matching tasks. Compared with the TD group, the DLD group exhibited impaired motor function and poorer proprioceptive acuity, as evidenced by the lower scores on the MABC-2 and the higher rates of absolute and variable errors in the joint position matching tasks. A significant association between the proprioceptive bias (absolute error) and the MABC-2 total score was also observed in the combined cohort of children with and without DLD. We conclude that DLD is associated with proprioceptive dysfunction.
The invention discloses an acne removing composition with acne mark removing and scar removing effects, and relates to the technical field of skin care products. The composition comprises Scutellariae radix extract, cortex Phellodendri extract, Coptidis rhizoma root extract and herba Centellae extract. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) drying radix Scutellariae, cortex Phellodendri, rhizoma Coptidis, and herba Centellae, and pulverizing to obtain plant powder; (2) adding water, butanediol and 1, 2-pentanediol into the plant powder obtained in the step (1), extracting and filtering. The composition has effects of removing acne mark, removing acne scar, controlling oil and removing acne. The function purposes, the function routes and the function mechanisms of each component in the composition are different, and the components show the optimal synergistic effect when in proper dosage proportion. The preparation method can improve the active components of the extract and improve the effect.
Dilation of the esophagus is performed for strictures, webs, and rings at all levels of the esophagus. Dilation of the trachea is performed for subglottic and tracheal stenosis. Radial expansion balloons have been developed by Bost Scientific Corporation for the purpose of dilating the esophagus and trachea through flexible esophagoscopies. These sequential controlled radial-expansion balloons can be introduced via a guide wire through the working channel of a 5.1 mm transnasal esophagoscope. Traditionally, otolaryngologists have performed esophageal and tracheal dilation per oral under general anesthesia. This technique allows the procedure to be performed in the office, sparing the patient the risk of anesthetics. The purpose of this study is to review the UCDMC experience with esophageal and tracheal balloon dilation using the transnasal esophagoscope.
INTRODUCTION: In opioid therapy for cancer pain, opioid-induced nausea and vomiting (OINV) occur in 20%-40% of patients during initial opioid treatment or increasing opioid doses. OINV result in failure to achieve pain relief due to poor opioid adherence. Therefore, antiemetics are used to prevent OINV, but their efficacy and safety in this context have not yet been fully elucidated. Olanzapine is a promising antiemetic for the prophylaxis of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This single-arm, single-centre exploratory study will evaluate the prophylactic antiemetic efficacy and safety of 5 mg olanzapine in patients with cancer pain who are withholding initial regular opioid therapy. Thirty-five patients will be enrolled. The primary endpoint is the proportion of patients achieving complete control (CC) of OINV during 5 days of opioid treatment. CC was defined as the absence of emetic episodes, no need for rescue medication to treat nausea, and minimal or no nausea (3 or less on an 11-point categorical scale). Secondary endpoints include the complete response, defined as no emetic episodes and no use of rescue medication during the overall assessment period, the time from opioid initiation to first emetic episode, the time from opioid initiation to first rescue antiemetic administration, and adverse events graded by Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 1.0 and CTCAE version 5.0.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study protocol was approved by National Cancer Center Hospital Certified Review Board. The results will be used as preliminary data to conduct a validation study.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCT) jRCTs031220008.
Patients with distal humerus fractures admitted to our hospital in 2012-2017 who had been performed open reduction and internal fixation through olecranon osteotomy approach were selected. All patients were devided into two groups by different fixation method. Patients who had been performed plate fixation after olecranon osteotomy were classified into Plate Fixation Group.
PURPOSE:An improved amelioration adjuvant of respiratory function in high frequency artificial ventilation method, obtained by dispersing a pulmonary surface active substance in water or an electrolytic solution in a specific particulate form, and capable of improving the gas concentration in blood. CONSTITUTION:An amelioration adjuvant obtained by dispersing a pulmonary surface active substance in water or an electrolytic solution in particles having <=100mu size. The concentration of the pulmonary surface active substance to be dispersed is preferably 0.05-5wt%. The electrolytic solution is preferably a solution containing Na ions, K ions, Ca ions and Mg ions within a physiological range. The adjuvant of this invention may assume the form of a kit consisting of a freeze-dried power. The adjuvant is administered preferably by spraying a dispersion with oxygen gas through a high frequency jet nebulizer. The pulmonary surface active substance administered in the spray form exhibits improved effect as the adjuvant.
The invention provides polypeptide with tandem repeat sequences for MUC1 and a preparation technology and application as an anti-tumor drug thereof. Tandem repeat sequences of 20 amino acids of the MUC1 are adopted, cDNA fragments of 1 to 10 tandem repeat sequences are selected to link into a pGEX-4T-1 carrier, and a recombinant plasmid is transformed into colon bacillus DH5 alpha. A colony is transformed through the screening of penbritin, and the fragments are inserted through enzyme digestion and gene sequencing analysis. The recombinant plasmid is transformed into the colon bacillus DH5 alpha which is inducedly expressed through 0.3mM IPTG, and a steady expression strain pGEX-MUC1/DH5 alpha is obtained through the screening. The bacteria pyrolysis is performed by boiling, the expression of MUC1-GST fusion protein is analyzed, and a specific expression band is appraised. Engineering bacteria are cultivated, a supernatant fluid is retained after the ultrasonication, and human MUC1-GST fusion protein is purified through a Glutathione-Sepharose 4B affinity layer. Then pure MUC1 polypeptide is obtained through thrombin pyrolysis and is prepared into a pharmaceutical preparation.
To understand the role of extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) amplifications in cancer progression, we detected and classified focal amplifications in 8,060 newly diagnosed primary cancers, untreated metastases and heavily pretreated tumors. The ecDNAs were detected at significantly higher frequency in untreated metastatic and pretreated tumors compared to newly diagnosed cancers. Tumors from chemotherapy-pretreated patients showed significantly higher ecDNA frequency compared to untreated cancers. In particular, tubulin inhibition associated with ecDNA increases, suggesting a role for ecDNA in treatment response. In longitudinally matched tumor samples, ecDNAs were more likely to be retained compared to chromosomal amplifications. EcDNAs shared between time points, and ecDNAs in advanced cancers were more likely to harbor localized hypermutation events compared to private ecDNAs and ecDNAs in newly diagnosed tumors. Relatively high variant allele fractions of ecDNA localized hypermutations implicated early ecDNA mutagenesis. Our findings nominate ecDNAs to provide tumors with competitive advantages during cancer progression and metastasis.