anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Circadian disruption such as shift work, jet lag, has gradually become a global health issue and is closely associated with various metabolic disorders. The influence and mechanism of circadian disruption on renal injury in chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains inadequately understood. Here, we evaluated the impact of environmental light disruption on the progression of chronic renal injury in CKD mice. By using two abnormal light exposure models to induce circadian disruption, we found that circadian disruption induced by weekly light/dark cycle reversal (LDDL) significantly exacerbated renal dysfunction, accelerated renal injury, and promoted renal fibrosis in mice with 5/6 nephrectomy and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Mechanistically, RNA-seq analysis revealed significant immune and metabolic disorder in the LDDL-conditioned CKD kidneys. Consistently, renal content of ATP was decreased and ROS production was increased in the kidney tissues of the LDDL-challenged CKD mice. Untargeted metabolomics revealed a significant buildup of lipids in the kidney affected by LDDL. Notably, the level of β-NMN, a crucial intermediate in the NAD+ pathway, was found to be particularly reduced. Moreover, we demonstrated that both β-NMN and melatonin administration could significantly rescue the light-disruption associated kidney dysfunction. In conclusion, environmental circadian disruption may exacerbate chronic kidney injury by facilitating inflammatory responses and disturbing metabolic homeostasis. β-NMN and melatonin treatments may hold potential as promising approaches for preventing and treating light-disruption associated CKD.
Hotpack, TENS and exercise program applications will be applied to the patients in the same way as in the HILT group, 5 days a week, 1 session a day, a total of 15 sessions for three weeks. HILT is administered as a placebo for three weeks, 3 sessions a week, every other day, for a total of 9 sessions.
Paclitaxel plus carboplatin (TC) regimen, intravenous chemotherapy. Once every three weeks with total of 6 cycles.
PURPOSE:The titled remedy, containing a benzimidazoline derivative as an active ingredient, effective for treating peptic ulcer caused by stress, etc., and capable of exhibiting antiulcer action without side effect, e.g. hypnotic, depressomotor effect, etc. CONSTITUTION:A remedy containing a benzimidazoline derivative expressed by formula I (Z is O or S; Y is 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl, piperidino or morpholino; n is 1-4, provided that n is 2-4 when Y is piperidino or morpholino) or a pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salt thereof as an active ingredient. In use, the remedy is orally or parenterally administered in various dosage forms by a technique normally used for formulation. The compound expressed by formula I is synthesized by reacting, e.g. an o-phenylenediamine derivative expressed by formula II with a carbonylating reagent.
Beverages consumption influences diet quality in general and has been associated with the development of non-communicable chronic diseases (NCCD). We aimed to verify the association between beverage consumption patterns and the prevalence of NCCD. A cross-sectional household and population-based study was conducted with 489 individuals aged 20 years and older. The presence of NCCD (arterial hypertension, diabetes, cancer and hypercholesterolemia) was obtained by self-report, while obesity was diagnosed by measuring body weight, height and waist circumference. Beverage consumption patterns were obtained by principal component analysis. The association between beverages patterns and the prevalence of NCCD was verified using Poisson regression, expressed as prevalence ratio (PR) and adjusted for potential confounding factors. Three beverage patterns were identified: 'ultra-processed beverages', 'alcoholic beverages' and 'healthy beverages'. Individuals with greater adherence to the Ultra-processed Beverages Pattern had a 2·77 times higher prevalence of cancer (PR: 3·77; 95 % CI 1·57, 9·07). Higher adherence to the Alcoholic Beverages Pattern was associated with a higher prevalence of obesity (PR: 1·97; 95 % CI 1·13, 3·44). In contrast, individuals in the second tertile of adherence to the Healthy Beverages Pattern had a 39 % lower prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (PR: 0·61; 95 % CI 0·40, 0·92), and individuals in the third tertile had a 10 % lower prevalence of abdominal obesity estimated by the waist-to-height ratio (PR: 0·90; 95 % CI 0·83, 0·97). Beverage consumption patterns may be associated with a higher prevalence of NCCD, regardless of other risk factors. It is therefore important to conduct more studies investigating the impact of beverages patterns on health.
Resistance training is commonly used to improve body composition, gain strength, increase muscle size (i.e., hypertrophy) and prevent muscle atrophy (i.e., muscle wasting). The most optimal mode of building muscle remains unclear, however there are many mechanisms that can be tested to yield optimal results. One variable that can be manipulated when designing a hypertrophy-focused resistance training regimen is intensity (i.e., proximity-to-failure). Proximity-to-failure is defined as the number of repetitions remaining in a set of prescribed exercises prior to reaching momentary muscular failure (MMF). MMF is when an individual cannot complete the lowering or concentric phase of a given repetition with a full range-of-motion without deviation from the prescribed form of the exercise. For all lifters, particularly amongst older populations, it can be psychologically demanding to push to MMF, and may increase the risk of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and/or injury due to technical breakdown. In contrast, there is some evidence that suggests training to a slightly less intensity (i.e., within 1-4 repetitions in reserve \[RIR\]) may result in comparable hypertrophic results with less of a physical and psychological demand on participants.

For these reasons, this study looks to investigate if an easier (i.e., less intense) approach to training such as training with repetitions in reserve (RIR), warrants similar or better muscle hypertrophy adaptations to MMF.
This is a Phase I, single-center, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, five-period cross-over clinical study of PA-824 to evaluate the effect of PA-824 and of PA-824 plus moxifloxacin on cardiac repolarization (QT/QTc interval duration) in healthy male and female participants. Moxifloxacin will be used as an active control. Participants will be blinded to the treatments they will receive. The study consists of a screening period up to 26 days; enrollment, 1 day; five in-patient treatment periods consisting of an admission day (except in the first treatment period, when the pre-dose day is the baseline), dosing day and two post-dosing days; an out-patient period of at least three days and not more than 10 days between treatment periods; and a final visit 7 - 14 days after discharge from the last treatment period. During the study, the subjects will receive each one of the following five treatments: Treatment A: PA-824 placebo and moxifloxacin placebo; Treatment B: PA-824 400 mg plus moxifloxacin placebo; Treatment C: PA-824 1000 mg plus moxifloxacin placebo; Treatment D: PA-824 placebo plus moxifloxacin 400 mg; Treatment E: PA-824 400 mg plus moxifloxacin 400 mg. The primary objective is to evaluate the effect of single-dose administration of PA-824 400 mg and 1000 mg versus placebo on the QTcI interval. A total of 75 randomized (in order to have at least 60 evaluable) healthy male and female volunteers, aged 18 to 45 years will be enrolled.
The physical activity program consists of two parts: exercise and education. Exercises in the program include light and moderate movements that may be performed by a healthy student between the ages of 9 and 11. The exercises were carried out three days a week for 30 minutes in the school garden and gym by the same researcher, and the education was carried out in the classrooms one day a week. During the program, students did a total of 180 hours of physical activity. In addition, the students' teachers also participated in the program and did exercises with their students. Throughout the program, exercises included 'belly and abdominal movement sets' in the first four weeks, 'leg and hip movement sets' in the following four weeks, and 'arms, shoulder, and chest movement sets' in the final four weeks, as well as yoga movements.
This is an in vivo study designed to acquire human gastrointestinal (GI) physiology data from healthy subjects under fasting and fed conditions which are necessary for mechanistic absorption model development. Each subject will be asked to complete two GI tube insertion procedures. Subjects will complete this study twice under the same conditions of the GI tract, either fasting state or fed state, in order to provide intra-subject variability. A minimum of 7 days will separate each GI tube insertion procedure. The objectives of this study are, as follows: Objective #1: To acquire human GI physiology data including GI motility, pH of GI fluids, and GI fluid volume under fasting and fed conditions; Objective #2: To measure drug concentration and calculate drug dissolution in the GI tract in vivo under fasting and fed conditions; Objective #3: To monitor plasma drug concentration and evaluate pharmacokinetics of administered drug during GI tube insertion studies under fasting and fed conditions. These in vivo results will be used to validate in vitro dissolution methods and to support computational and mathematical modeling efforts, in order to develop an oral drug product optimization process that may be applied to future drugs to maximize oral drug safety and efficacy.
BACKGROUND: Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) display an altered oral, gastrointestinal, and intra-pancreatic microbiome compared to healthy individuals. However, knowledge regarding the bile microbiome and its potential impact on progression-free survival in PDACs remains limited.
METHODS: Patients with PDAC (n = 45), including 20 matched pairs before and after surgery, and benign controls (n = 16) were included prospectively. The characteristics of the microbiomes of the total 81 bile were revealed by 16  S-rRNA gene sequencing. PDAC patients were divided into distinct groups based on tumor marker levels, disease staging, before and after surgery, as well as progression free survival (PFS) for further analysis. Disease diagnostic model was formulated utilizing the random forest algorithm.
RESULTS: PDAC patients harbor a unique and diverse bile microbiome (PCoA, weighted Unifrac, p = 0.038), and the increasing microbial diversity is correlated with dysbiosis according to key microbes and microbial functions. Aliihoeflea emerged as the genus displaying the most significant alteration among two groups (p < 0.01). Significant differences were found in beta diversity of the bile microbiome between long-term PFS and short-term PFS groups (PCoA, weighted Unifrac, p = 0.005). Bacillota and Actinomycetota were identified as altered phylum between two groups associated with progression-free survival in all PDAC patients. Additionally, we identified three biomarkers as the most suitable set for the random forest model, which indicated a significantly elevated likelihood of disease occurrence in the PDAC group (p < 0.0001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve reached 80.8% with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 55.0 to 100%. Due to the scarcity of bile samples, we were unable to conduct further external verification.
CONCLUSION: PDAC is characterized by an altered microbiome of bile ducts. Biliary dysbiosis is linked with progression-free survival in all PDACs. This study revealed the alteration of the bile microbiome in PDACs and successfully developed a diagnostic model for PDAC.
The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) showed that improving blood sugar control for individuals with Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) stopped or delayed the onset of long-term complications. As a result of the study, intensive insulin management is aimed to control blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin (3 month blood glucose average test) as near to normal as safely possible. However, hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) was increased three fold in the DCCT study and is the major limiting factor in gaining "tight" control of blood sugar in T1DM.

In healthy individuals, an "after meal" blood sugar level is very carefully controlled. Insulin (the hormone that lowers blood sugar) and glucagon (hormone that raises blood sugar) play a key role in maintaining this careful balance. In T1DM, there is a lack of insulin and failure of glucagon suppression (keeping glucagon from being made too much). This leads to hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) right after you eat food. Also, glucagon is not controlled correctly after a meal. The glucagon, normally produced by the body, does not increase when a person with T1DM has a low blood sugar. This interferes with the balance between how much glucose is made and how much glucose is used. Therefore, glucagon fails to protect against low blood sugar in people with T1DM. This makes it very difficult to have normal blood sugars when someone has T1DM. This imbalance may be due to another hormone called amylin. This hormone may be too low in people with T1DM.

Amylin is produced in the pancreas (the part of the body that makes insulin) by the same cells that produce insulin and is also lacking in persons with T1DM. Amylin works by lowering glucagon after a meal. This keeps the liver from letting out stored sugar into the blood stream right after we eat. Pramlintide is man-made amylin and is given as a subcutaneous shot (under the skin) similar to insulin. At present, pramlintide has not received FDA approval.

Studies performed in adults have shown that adding amylin in T1DM, using pramlintide, lowers the high levels of glucagon made after a meal. This results in improved "after meal" high blood sugars and overall blood sugar control. Currently, pramlintide in adults is given as a separate injection from insulin, before meals, three times a day. When given as a bolus shot (one dose shot given all at once) to children and young adults, it seems to cause immediate low blood sugars after a meal. The low blood sugars may be caused by the "slowing down" of food digestion by pramlintide. Another possible cause of the low blood sugars may be the way pramlintide is being given (bolus shot versus a dual wave infusion).
PURPOSE: A composition containing a Ganoderma lucidum extract, oleamide and a structural analogue thereof as an effective ingredient is provided. Because the composition exhibits a protecting effect on brain tissue injured by brain ischemia while preventing the reduction in an amount of acetylcholine by inhibition of AChE activity of animal brain tissue, it exhibits an effect on prevention and treatment of vascular dementia as well as Alzheimer's Disease. CONSTITUTION: The preventing and therapeutic composition for dementia contains a Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. exFr.) Karst. extract containing GL-M, GL-M-8, GL-M-8-F, GL-M-8-F-b, GL-M-8-F-b-III, GL-M-8-F-b-III-1. The composition also contains a compound of formula 1, formula 2 and formula 3 in which R1 is 9-octadecenoyl, 9-hexadecenoyl or tetradecanoyl, R2 is 9-octadecenoyl, 9,12-octadecadienoyl or tetradecanoyl.
After successful screening the cases of cirrhosis of liver irrespective of the etiology who have no portal vein thrombosis will be enrolled. The baseline Doppler parameter will be recorded and the patient will be randomized into apixaban, warfarin or aspirin group. From postoperative day three, patients in apixaban group will receive oral Apixaban 2.5mg bid for six months, patients in warfarin group will receive oral Warfarin 2.5mg qd with titration of dose to maintain a target INR of 2-3 for six months, patients in aspirin group will receive oral Aspirin Enterie Ccoated Tablets 100mg qd for six months. All groups will be along with five days of subcutaneous injection of Low Molecular Weight Heparin and three months of oral Dipyridamole. Every three months the Doppler screening for the occurrence of portal vein thrombus (PVT) or spleno-mesenteric thrombosis will be done for all patients. All groups will receive the therapy for six months irrespective of the Doppler findings in relation to portal vein thrombus occurrence. Then six months monitoring will be done in the three groups as per the primary or secondary outcome.
Participants will wear a physical activity sensor on the hip or waist with a belt. They will be instructed to increase their balance and flexibility over the 12 week period of the intervention. They will be asked to follow guidelines in the "Go4Life" brochure, website, and/or videos by the National Institute on Aging. Participants will receive weekly phone calls to monitor their progress, to provide feedback, and to suggest example exercises.
Learning and memory impairments are commonly observed in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Alterations in "long-term potentiation" (LTP), a basic mechanism underlying learning and memory, may explain this impairment. This project will assess fMRI visual plasticity, thought to reflect LTP, in participants with and without schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Previous studies have shown that visual plasticity is impaired in schizophrenia. The major goal is to determine if Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) enhances visual plasticity in schizophrenia. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) provides a non-invasive means for altering brain electrical neural activity. TMS sessions (sham/placebo and real TMS) will be conducted before two MRI scans with two weeks in-between to assess whether TMS stimulation to the visual cortex will enhance visual plasticity in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. This project may provide a better understanding of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms responsible for learning and memory deficits in schizophrenia.
BACKGROUND: The advent of immunotherapy has changed the landscape of SCLC treatment, although the identification of reliable prognostic biomarkers remains a formidable challenge. Our objective was to investigate the prognostic implications of obesity and body composition in SCLC immunotherapy while seeking a straightforward anthropometric measure.
METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed data from patients with SCLC who underwent immunotherapy between 2019 and 2023. Body composition and waist circumference (WC) were analyzed using 3D slicer software on baseline CT images. Quantitative measures, including skeletal muscle index (SMI), total adipose tissue index (TATI), and other indicators at the L3 level, along with body shape index (BSI) and additional indicators based on WC, were obtained. The relationships between these indicators, response, PFS, OS, and their interconnections were examined.
RESULTS: A total of 145 SCLC patients who received immunotherapy were identified, of whom 133 met the inclusion criteria. In univariate analysis, a BMI≥28 kg/m2 was associated with a PFS advantage (HR 0.42, p=0.04), but this trend vanished in multivariate analysis. Body measurements exhibited stronger correlations with adipose tissue content, with BSI showing the highest correlation with muscle. In multivariate analysis, lower BSI was associated with poorer OS (HR 1.79, p=0.02). The association between muscle composition and prognosis was robust in univariate analysis but dissipated in multivariate analysis. However, accounting for a high TATI background significantly heightened the adverse effect of SMI on prognosis in the multivariate model.
CONCLUSION: No clear association between BMI and SCLC immunotherapy prognosis was observed. However, high adiposity exacerbated the adverse effects of sarcopenia in SCLC immunotherapy, and BSI demonstrated potential as a straightforward prognostic measure.
Canrenone, a major (and active) metabolite of spironolactone, appears in human breast milk. Because spironolactone has been found to be tumorigenic in rats, a decision should be made whether to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother. If use of the drug is deemed essential, an alternative method of infant feeding should be instituted.

Thiazides are excreted in human milk in small amounts. Thiazides when given at high doses can cause intense diuresis which can in turn inhibit milk production. The use of spironolactone and hydrochlorthiazide tablets during breast feeding is not recommended. If spironolactone and hydrochlorthiazide tablets are used during breast feeding, doses should be kept as low as possible.
Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) and SSRIs, including PAXIL CR, can precipitate serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition. The risk is increased with concomitant use of other serotonergic drugs (including triptans, tricyclic antidepressants, fentanyl, lithium, tramadol, meperidine, methadone, tryptophan, buspirone, amphetamines, and St. John's Wort) and with drugs that impair metabolism of serotonin, i.e., MAOIs [see Contraindications (4), Drug Interactions (7.1)]. Serotonin syndrome can also occur when these drugs are used alone.

Serotonin syndrome signs and symptoms may include mental status changes (e.g., agitation, hallucinations, delirium, and coma), autonomic instability (e.g., tachycardia, labile blood pressure, dizziness, diaphoresis, flushing, hyperthermia), neuromuscular symptoms (e.g., tremor, rigidity, myoclonus, hyperreflexia, incoordination), seizures, and gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea).

The concomitant use of PAXIL CR with MAOIs is contraindicated. In addition, do not initiate PAXIL CR in a patient being treated with MAOIs such as linezolid or intravenous methylene blue. No reports involved the administration of methylene blue by other routes (such as oral tablets or local tissue injection). If it is necessary to initiate treatment with an MAOI such as linezolid or intravenous methylene blue in a patient taking PAXIL CR, discontinue PAXIL CR before initiating treatment with the MAOI [see Contraindications (4), Drug Interactions(7.1)].

Monitor all patients taking PAXIL CR for the emergence of serotonin syndrome. Discontinue treatment with PAXIL CR and any concomitant serotonergic agents immediately if the above symptoms occur, and initiate supportive symptomatic treatment. If concomitant use of PAXIL CR with other serotonergic drugs is clinically warranted, inform patients of the increased risk for serotonin syndrome and monitor for symptoms.
The invention provides a salmonella phage RDP-SA-21030, which is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) in the year 2022, month 9 and 21, and the preservation number is CGMCC NO.45280. The invention also provides a bactericidal composition, which comprises the salmonella phage RDP-SA-21030. Preferably, the bactericidal composition further comprises penicillin antibiotic drugs. The invention also provides the use of a salmonella bacteriophage RDP-SA-21030 as described above or a bactericidal composition as described above for lysing pathogenic salmonella in stationary phase. The invention also provides application of the salmonella phage RDP-SA-21030 or the bactericidal composition in preparing medicines, feed additives and drinking water additives for preventing and treating salmonella infection diseases. The phage provided by the invention not only can lyse salmonella with active growth, but also can reproduce by utilizing bacteria in a stationary phase, and has wide application value.