anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The α-amino-3‑hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) is an ionotropic glutamate receptor recognized for its active involvement in epilepsy. Through AMPAR functional alterations, multiple factors contribute to the increased susceptibility to seizures in the geriatric population. These factors include changes in the hippocampus, neuroinflammation, ischemic insults, amyloid deposition, previous seizures, alterations in the microenvironment, and neurovascular unit dysfunction. Perampanel, a noncompetitive AMPAR antagonist, has been approved for the treatment of focal and generalized epilepsy. However, a complete understanding of AMPAR's role in epileptogenesis and the pharmacotherapy of perampanel in the geriatric population remains elusive. To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive literature review, screening 1557 articles and ultimately selecting 94 relevant ones. We provided insights into AMPAR functionality changes and perampanel's role in treating geriatric epilepsy. Various clinical trials and retrospective studies have demonstrated that the safety and efficacy of perampanel in the older population are comparable to those in the younger population, with overall good tolerability. It is also effective for treating focal and generalized onset seizures and possibly for managing status epilepticus. In conclusion, the existing body of evidence supports the safety and efficacy of perampanel in the geriatric population, indicating its potential as a valuable therapeutic option for focal and generalized epilepsy. Additional research is warranted to deepen our understanding of AMPAR's involvement in epileptogenesis and to refine the pharmacotherapeutic nuances in this specific demographic.
The echocardiographic assessment of the LA was frequently overlooked. While left atrial performance reflects both systolic and diastolic functions of the LV, it looks like more studies are being conducted to detect the effect of different interventions on the left atrial size and function. Other studies focus on the prognostic value and the ability to risk stratify different cohorts of patients, based on the early recognition of deranged LA performance.

Many studies were conducted on the effect of inhalational anesthetics on the left atrial function. Yet the results are inconclusive and sometimes contradictory. In a study on dogs, Gare Meir and his colleagues proved that desflurane, sevoflurane, and isoflurane depress left atrial contractility, delay relaxation, reduce chamber stiffness, preserve reservoir and conduit function, and impair left atrial-left ventricular coupling in vivo. Volatile anesthetics may cause impairment of both left atrial (LA) and left ventricular (LV) contractility. The mechanisms suggested were a decrease in the influx of calcium via voltage gated calcium channels as well as a decrease in calcium availability from sarcoplasmic reticulum.Echocardiographic assessment of the LA volumetric measures is comparable to that of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) with clinically irrelevant difference. This makes echocardiographic assessment of LA volumes reliable, cheaperand easier to obtain.
PURPOSE:To provide a compound effectively usable as an agent for preventing the restenosis after PTCA operation and, accordingly, as an agent for the treatment of arteriosclerosis owing to its activity to suppress the proliferation of cultured smooth muscle cell. CONSTITUTION:A sulfuric acid ester of a beta-cyclodextrin polymer having a sulfur content of >=10% (preferably >=12%) or its salt effective for preventing cell-fibrous endosporium thickening of vascular wall. The beta-cyclodextrin polymer is preferably a polymer of 2-40 (preferably 2-10) beta-cyclodextrin molecules and produced by heating 3-cyclodextrin in a concentrated alkali solution having a concentration of about 40% together with a crosslinking agent (e.g. epichlorohydrin) at about 50 deg.C and the polymerization degree can be controlled by varying the concentration of the crosslinking agent within a range of 5-50%, especially 10-30%. The new sulfuric acid ester is obtained by reacting the beta- cyclodextrin polymer with about 2-6 equivalent (based on the hydroxyl equivalent in the polymer) of a sulfonation agent (e.g. sulfur trioxide complex and sulfuric anhydride).
Medicaments contg. as active ingredient, a polyflavanic vegetable extract, having a mol. wt. between 2000-3000 and giving cyanidine when hydrolysed under acid conditions in an inert atmosphere, are new. Addition complexes of the extract with bases and nitrogen cpds. may also be used. Pref. extracts contain a hexameric to nonameric polyflavone derived from a heptahydroxy flavone. In an example, 1 kg powdered Poterium spinosum roots are extracted with methanol, concentrated and precipitated with methylene chloride. After a supplementary purification the yield was 9.5% on starting material. Treatment of cardiovascular disorders, infraction, arhythmia, atheroma, anoxia, senescence, diabetes. They are also radio protection agents.
Patients with scanty symptoms from their vascular malformation can do well with conservative treatment and / or with aids and adaptations in daily life. Compression therapy (elastic stockings), pain medication and good counseling is adequate for many. Patients with significant symptoms, however, may require more invasive treatment. Previously, it was common with surgical removal, but serious sequelae and frequent recurrence after surgery resulted in caution. Today it is more common with intervention radiology treatment with injection of sclerosing agents into existing malformation. This type of therapy almost always requires repeated treatment sequences, sometimes over several months. Treatment aims to seal blood vessels in the malformation and / or make the patient as possible symptoms. Recurrence occurs frequently and there are many who are not completely free from symptoms. Many patients have chronic problems with pain, wounds, bleeding and / or they have a cosmetically disfiguring condition. Predicting the performance of a specific type of treatment can be very difficult.

Until now, there are some studies that have considered the effect of bleomycin / pingyangmycin (China) and ethanol in the treatment of vascular malformations. To our knowledge there is no prospective or retrospective studies that compare the efficacy and side effects of bleomycin and sodium tetradecyl sulfate (Fibrovein ™) in the treatment of VM.
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to compare early efficacy of UBED and PEID in the treatment of L5/S1 IDH.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-two patients who underwent surgical treatment for L5/S1 IDH were divided into two groups: UBED and PEID. Operation time, complications, VAS/ODI score were recorded. MacNab evaluation was completed one and three months postoperatively.
RESULTS: All patients were successfully operated without infection, nerve injury, or huge hematoma in the spinal canal. There were no significant differences in operation time and hospitalization days between the two groups (p > 0.05). All patients were followed up after the operation and low back/leg pain was significantly reduced. VAS for low back pain, VAS for leg pain, ODI scores in both groups one and three months after the operation were significantly lower than pre-operation (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between one and three months after the operation in both groups (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences in VAS for low back pain, leg pain, ODI score, and overall efficacy between the two groups one and three months post-operation (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: UBED and PEID have very good early efficacy in treating L5/S1 IDH. Because UBED has a wider vision field and more flexible operation, it can be used as a useful complement to PEID.
PURPOSE: Optimal follow-up strategies following trimodal treatment for muscle invasive bladder cancer play a crucial role in detecting and managing relapse and side-effects. This article provides a comprehensive summary of the patterns and risk factors of relapse, functional outcomes, and follow-up protocols.
METHODS: A systematic literature search on PubMed and review of current guidelines and institutional follow-up protocols after trimodal therapy were conducted.
RESULTS: Out of 200 identified publications, 43 studies (28 retrospective, 15 prospective) were selected, encompassing 7447 patients (study sizes from 24 to 728 patients). Recurrence rates in the urinary bladder varied between 14-52%; 3-16% were muscle-invasive while 11-36% were non-muscle invasive. Nodal recurrence occurred at 13-16% and distant metastases at 15-35%. After 5 and 10 years of follow-up, around 60-85% and 45-75% of patients could preserve their bladder, respectively. Various prognostic risk factors associated with relapse and inferior survival were proposed, including higher disease stage (> c/pT2), presence of extensive/multifocal carcinoma in situ (CIS), hydronephrosis, multifocality, histological subtypes, incomplete transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and incomplete response to radio-chemotherapy. The analyzed follow-up guidelines varied slightly in terms of the number, timing, and types of investigations, but overall, the recommendations were similar.
CONCLUSION: Randomized prospective studies should focus on evaluating the impact of specific follow-up protocols on oncological and functional outcomes following trimodal treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. It is crucial to evaluate personalized adaption of follow-up protocols based on established risk factors, as there is potential for improved patient outcomes and resource allocation.
This study is a randomized controlled trial of video-based feedback interventions for the parents of young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In the beginning of the study, each participant will be randomized to the video-based feedback condition (treatment condition) or standard care procedure (control condition). All participants will be asked to implement the strategies taught during the sessions in the home environment (e.g., following the child's lead, sitting face-to-face). Participants randomized into the video-based feedback condition (treatment condition) will be asked to video-tape their interactions with their children (maximum 30 mins/week at home during free play, book reading, bath or meal time routines). The therapist then will review the tapes and then use the recorded sessions to give feedback on the parents' use of strategies in addition to providing in-vivo feedback based on the live interactions during the sessions. For parents whose children are randomized into the standard care condition, the families will receive coaching based on in-vivo sessions as described above. For all participants, a battery of assessment (diagnostic, developmental testing), will be administered at the beginning of the study participation, in the mid-point at 3 months, at the end of their 6-month participation of treatment sessions, and then at the follow-up period, 6 months after the end of their participation of the treatment sessions.
1. Stocking density (SD) is closely related to animal performance. This experiment was designed to evaluate the development of reproductive and immune functions of young pigeons under different SDs.2. A total of 288 (half male and half female) 40-day-old pigeons (body weight 400 ± 15 g) were allocated into four groups: High stocking density (HSD; 0.308 m3/bird), standard stocking density (SD; 0.616 m3/bird), and low stocking density (LSD; 1.232 m3/bird) and a caged (control; 0.04125 m3/bird). Every group had six replicates of the same sex.3. The results showed that caged male pigeons had the highest testis index, testosterone content, and gene expression of the androgen receptor gene. LSD treatment induced the highest concentrations of oestradiol, progesterone and mRNA levels of reproductive hormone receptor genes in female pigeons. In male pigeons, the spleen index (organ weight calculated as a percentage of total body weight) showed a peak level (0.09 ± 0.020) in the LSD group, and the thymus index peaked (0.23 ± 0.039) in SD group. However, the index for ovary, spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius in female pigeons showed no significant changes among different groups.4. The IL-1β, IL-8, IFN-γ, TGF-β and toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2) mRNA levels reached their maximum values in both male and female pigeon spleens in the LSD group.5. Young male pigeons housed in cages showed increased testicular development while low stocking density increased the development of reproductive function in young female pigeons. A larger activity space could help enhance the immune function of both male and female pigeons.
Emotional disclosure about stressors and other private experiences has been found to be helpful for some people with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Also, helping patients understand the role of the brain in pain has been helpful. We have developed a virtual human interviewer to help patients talk about their pain and their lives. We will conduct an experimental study to compare the effects of several different types of VH interviews. Patients with chronic pain will be randomized to receive one of three VH interviews: emotional disclosure and brain education; emotional disclosure alone; or a control basic pain interview. Patients will be assessed at baseline and 1-month follow-up on a range of attitudinal and clinical measures to determine how these different interviews affect outcomes.
PURPOSE: A method for preparing a chromenone derivative is provided to simultaneously obtain dihydrosilybin and an apigenin compound by radiation, to simplify reaction in high yield, and to use dihydrosilybin and apigenin as a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating cancer. CONSTITUTION: A method for preparing a chromenone derivative of chemical formula 1 or 2 comprises: a step of dissolving a chromane compound of chemical formula 3 in a reaction solvent; and a step of irradiating the mixture by radiation at 100-150 kGy and 0 deg. C to room temperature according to reaction formula 1. The reaction solvent is C1-C4 alcohol containing dimethyl sulfoxide. The reaction solvent is methanol or ethanol containing dimethyl sulfoxide. The radiation is selected from the group consisting of gamma ray, electron beam UV, and X ray.
For this Minority AIDS Research Project, the investigators will develop and pilot test an intervention to improve the science of treatment as prevention and pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake as a public health strategy to decrease new HIV infections among Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino men who have sex with men. This project uses a 3-phase study design to address the proposed Specific Aims. First, the investigators will use focus groups to gather feedback on our existing interactive Men2MenRI website that was developed for and by predominately White men who have sex with men in Rhode Island that includes information on treatment as prevention and pre-exposure prophylaxis, as well as other health and wellness topics to make it more culturally-tailored to Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino MSM. Second, the investigators will use cognitive interviewing techniques to develop and assess the acceptability of Information-Motivation-Behavioral/Social Cognitive Theory-grounded social media message content designed to motivate and encourage access to a newly developed and culturally-tailored interactive website. Third, the investigators will pilot test a two-arm trial comparing the combination of sending Information-Motivation-Behavioral/Social Cognitive Theory-guided messages plus the newly developed and culturally-tailored interactive website (active arm) to the website alone (control arm) to examine whether the combination approach will: 1) increase treatment as prevention and pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake (primary outcome); 2) increase knowledge of, more favorable attitudes toward, and increase behavioral intentions of treatment as prevention and pre-exposure prophylaxis use behaviors (exploratory outcome). This study is innovative in the use of a combination approach to treatment as prevention and pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake that leverages advances in social media as a platform for motivating behavior change.
The objective of this clinical trial is to test the effects of olfactory and taste stimulation with milk or water in premature newborns with a gestational age between 28 and 32 weeks.

Prematurity is the main cause of infant morbidity and mortality in Brazil. Nutritional problems caused by digestive immaturity are generally associated with undesirable outcomes in preterm infants, both immediate and late, and improving preemies' tolerance to milk has been challenging. The cephalic phase of digestion plays a crucial role in nutrient absorption. However, although it is known that smell and taste develop during intrauterine life, olfactory and taste stimuli have not yet been properly studied in the nutrition of premature babies. Objectives: to determine the effects of olfactory and gustatory stimuli on the nutrition of premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of the Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP).Methods: a double-blind randomized clinical trial will be carried out in premature infants receiving enteral feeding via an oro/nasogastric tube. The study will be carried out at the IMIP university hospital, Recife-Pernambuco. The population will be composed of premature babies with a gestational age between 28 and 32 weeks and/or weighing \< or equal to 1,500g and who are indicated for feeding through a naso/orogastric tube. The intervention will consist of olfactory and taste stimuli through breast milk. The primary outcome will be considered the period defined in days from the beginning of stimulation until the removal of the nasal or orogastric tube. Secondary outcomes will be considered: weight gain and anthropometric parameters, such as weight, length and head circumference at discharge from the NICU, as well as feeding time via oral/nasal and parenteral gastric tube, type of feeding at the time of secretion (natural or artificial) and diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis. The study is characterized as a prospective randomized clinical trial, with a pragmatic sample size determined during the recruitment period established at 10 months. Analysis will be performed by intention to treat. This project must be previously approved by the IMIP Ethics Committee and all participants must have their parents sign the Free and Informed Consent Form
PURPOSE:To provide a platelet coagulation inhibitor containing NK84-0218 as an active component, having low toxicity and causing little accumulation of toxicity even by continuous administration. CONSTITUTION:The objective agent contains NK84-0218 compound of formula or its salt as an active component at an amount of 0.1-100wt%, preferably 1-90wt%. The content of the active component is 0.1-5wt% for injection and 3-100wt% for tablet, capsule, powder, granule, syrup, etc., for oral administration. The residual part of the agent is a carrier. The liquid carrier is e.g. water, alcohol, animal or vegetable oil, etc., and the solid carrier is e.g. sugar, cellulose derivative, organic acid salt, etc. Dose: 1-300mg/kg daily for parenteral administration and 5-500mg/kg daily for oral administration.
INTRODUCTION: Low back pain has become a substantial health problem in all developed countries. Many healthcare professionals and content creators have begun sharing their treatment methods and opinions through social media, especially the video-based platform TikTok. TikTok has been downloaded more than 2.6 billion times with over a billion daily users. Its influence on public health makes it imperative that information be accurate and safe. This study aims to analyze TikTok's most popular content on lower back pain and how orthopaedic surgeons contribute on this growing platform.
OBJECTIVES: To analyze TikTok's most popular content on lower back pain and how orthopaedic surgeons are and can contribute on this growing platform.
METHODS: A TikTok search conducted on April 22, 2023, using the terms '#lowerbackpain'and '#lowbackpainrelief,' resulted in numerous videos, 100 of which met inclusion criteria. Videos were included if they were related to the content, had more than 1000 views, were in English, and were not duplicates. Video characteristics were recorded and evaluated for quality by two reviewers using DISCERN. A two-sample t-test was used to assess differences.
RESULTS: Overall, the top videos on lower back pain had an average of 2,061,396 views, with a mean DISCERN score of 34. The mean total DISCERN score was 36 and 34 for physicians and nonphysicians, respectively, while the video by the orthopaedic surgeon (n = 1) scored 31. The most recommended treatments included at-home exercises (n = 75) and visiting a chiropractor (n = 4).
CONCLUSION: We find that the information presented by nonphysicians offered quick, at-home fixes to medical problems without offering any research or proven data to support their claims. We cannot overlook Tiktok's immense influence in the realm of orthopaedic health as it has become a sphere of information dissemination and education. Thus, we suggest that there is not necessarily a need for a greater number of surgeons and/or resident physicians to involve themselves on the platform, but rather the involvement of governing bodies and spine societies to put out position statements for our patients.
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of medicine, namely to otorhinolaryngology, and can be used in the complex treatment of chronic edematous-polypous laryngitis. For this purpose, as a drug therapy, simultaneous administration of troxerutin, 300 mg, 1 capsule twice a day for 1 month, and wobenzyme, 3 tablets thrice a day 30 minutes before meals with 1 glass of water for 3 months is carried out. As puffs, inhalations are carried out for 10 minutes twice a day for 10 days through a nebulizer inhaler in a coarse mode with a solution consisting of a dexamethasone solution of 4 mg/ml and an isotonic sodium chloride solution. Electrophoresis is also performed with a 2% solution of calcium chloride on the larynx area, which is performed every other day, for a course of 12 sessions. Moreover, all three stages of treatment are carried out in parallel. The method also allows patients, including persons of voice-speech professions, doing without surgical intervention and not to interrupt their work.EFFECT: method provides a reduction in the volume of the polypous altered mucous membrane of the vocal folds and the restoration of tight contact between the vocal folds when they close, which causes the disappearance or a significant decrease in hoarseness, an increase in the frequency of the main tone of the voice, an improvement in its quality.1 cl, 2 ex