anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The involvement of inwardly rectifying potassium channel 4.1 (Kir4.1) in neuropathic pain has been established. However, there is limited understanding of the downstream mechanism through which Kir4.1 contributes to orofacial neuropathic pain. The objective of this study was to examine the regulation of Kir4.1 on the expression of pannexin 3 (Panx3) in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) and the underlying mechanism in the context of orofacial neuropathic pain caused by chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (CCI-ION). The study observed a significant increase in Panx3 expression in the TG of mice with CCI-ION. Inhibition of Panx3 in the TG of CCI-ION mice resulted in alleviation of orofacial mechanical allodynia. Furthermore, conditional knockdown (CKD) of Kir4.1 in the TG of both male and female mice led to mechanical allodynia and upregulation of Panx3 expression. Conversely, overexpression of Kir4.1 decreased Panx3 levels in the TG and relieved mechanical allodynia in CCI-ION mice. In addition, silencing Kir4.1 in satellite glial cells (SGCs) decreased Panx3 expression and increased the phosphorylation of P38 MAPK. Moreover, silencing Kir4.1 in SGCs increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The elevated phosphorylation of P38 MAPK resulting from Kir4.1 silencing was inhibited by using a superoxide scavenger known as the tempol. Silencing Panx3 in the TG in vivo attenuated the mechanical allodynia caused by Kir4.1 CKD. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the reduction of Kir4.1 promotes the expression of Panx3 by activating the ROS-P38 MAPK signalling pathway, thus contributing to the development of orofacial neuropathic pain.
The invention discloses a hypolipidemic Allium cepa and Ginkgo biloba composition and relates to a composition mainly comprising total flavonoids in Allium cepa L. var. agrogatum Don., Ginkgo biloba extract, Panax notoginseng saponins, Tanshinone extract, salvianolic acid extract and red Konjic rice powder. This composition has lipid regulation function. The composition of the invention has clear ingredients and low required dosage and is a safe and effective hypolipidemic composition. Compared with the single one of total flavonoids in Allium cepa L. var. agrogatum Don., Ginkgo biloba extract, Panax notoginseng saponins, Tanshinone extract, salvianolic acid extract and red Konjic rice powder, the composition of the invention has higher pharmacological activity. The synergism of the chemical composition is embodied, and this composition is useful in the preparation of hypolipidemic drugs and health foods.
Autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease is a prevalent genetic disorder characterized by the development of renal cysts, leading to kidney enlargement and renal failure. Accurate measurement of total kidney volume through polycystic kidney segmentation is crucial to assess disease severity, predict progression and evaluate treatment effects. Traditional manual segmentation suffers from intra- and inter-expert variability, prompting the exploration of automated approaches. In recent years, convolutional neural networks have been employed for polycystic kidney segmentation from magnetic resonance images. However, the use of Transformer-based models, which have shown remarkable performance in a wide range of computer vision and medical image analysis tasks, remains unexplored in this area. With their self-attention mechanism, Transformers excel in capturing global context information, which is crucial for accurate organ delineations. In this paper, we evaluate and compare various convolutional-based, Transformers-based, and hybrid convolutional/Transformers-based networks for polycystic kidney segmentation. Additionally, we propose a dual-task learning scheme, where a common feature extractor is followed by per-kidney decoders, towards better generalizability and efficiency. We extensively evaluate various architectures and learning schemes on a heterogeneous magnetic resonance imaging dataset collected from 112 patients with polycystic kidney disease. Our results highlight the effectiveness of Transformer-based models for polycystic kidney segmentation and the relevancy of exploiting dual-task learning to improve segmentation accuracy and mitigate data scarcity issues. A promising ability in accurately delineating polycystic kidneys is especially shown in the presence of heterogeneous cyst distributions and adjacent cyst-containing organs. This work contribute to the advancement of reliable delineation methods in nephrology, paving the way for a broad spectrum of clinical applications.
Alzheimer disease is the most common of the neurodegenerative diseases. Epilepsy and sleep wake disorders are co-morbid conditions of Alzheimer disease, and there is evidence to suggest that the interactions are bidirectional. Neuronal activity promotes the production and secretion of amyloid β, which could actually drive pathogenesis early in the course of Alzheimer disease, and has been described in sleep wake disorders and epilepsy. Epileptic seizures in Alzheimer disease are often subtle, nocturnal and easily overlooked. We propose a prospective study using long-term EEG monitoring in combination with polysomnography to diagnose epilepsy and sleep wake disorders in Alzheimer disease, and correlate these findings with clinical data, Alzheimer disease biomarkers and imaging studies (MRI and amyloid/tau-PET). It is the hypothesis of the investigators that participants with Alzheimer disease and interictal spikes or specified sleep wake disorders (e.g., frequent nocturnal awakenings) during 48 hour scalp EEG and polysomnography are at risk for having hippocampal seizures, which are often clinically silent and not detected on scalp EEG. The investigators will invite 15 of these participants to undergo EEG studies with foramen ovale electrodes to determine the prevalence of these hippocampal seizures. The ultimate goal is to improve the outcome of patients with Alzheimer disease by early treatment of epilepsy and restoring sleep-wake disturbances.
This study involves a phone screen and baseline assessment to determine eligibility. Participants who are eligible for the study will receive 16 weeks of ABFT treatment. The treatment primarily focuses on improving communication and relationships within the family, and will also address disordered eating behaviors (e.g., binge eating, laxative use, self-induced vomiting). All participants enrolled in the study will receive the same treatment. Participants will also complete research assessments throughout treatment, at the end of treatment, and 3-months after the end of treatment. Research assessments include a battery of questionnaires and interviews.
NEW MATERIAL:WS1279A substance having the following physical properties. Nuclear magnetic resonance shown by the table. Estimated structural formula shown by the formula (steric configuration of the 2-position glycerin part is (R) or (S). S-[2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy)-2-(R,S)-propyl]-N-palmitoyl-(R)-cysteinyl asparaginylserylglycylglycylserine. USE:Having recovering action on reduction in leukocyte and promoting action on multiplication of myeloma cell and useful as a preventive and/or remedy for leukopenia during administration of antitumor agent. PREPARATION:A bacterium such as Streptomyces willmorei No.1,279 strain (FERM P-11,405) belonging to the genus Streptomyces, capable of producing WS1,279A substance is cultured in a proper medium and WS1,279 substance is separated and purified from the culture mixture.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinical and radiological entity characterized by nonspecific symptomatology (eg, headache, visual disturbances, encephalopathy, and seizures) and classically cortical and subcortical vasogenic edema predominantly affecting the parietooccipital region. PRES etiologies are usually dichotomized into toxic PRES (eg, antineoplastic drugs, illicit drugs) and clinical condition-associated PRES (eg, acute hypertension, dysimmune disorders). Although the pathophysiology of PRES remains elusive, 2 main pathogenic hypotheses have been suggested: cerebral hyperperfusion due to acute hypertension and cerebral hypoperfusion related to endothelial dysfunction. Research into the pathogenesis of PRES has emerged through the development of animal models in the last decade. The motivation for developing a suitable PRES model is 2-fold: to fill in knowledge gaps of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved, and to open new perspectives for clinical assessment of pharmacological targets to improve therapeutic management of PRES. All current models of PRES have a hypertensive background, on which other triggers (acute hypertension, inflammatory, drug toxicity) have been added to address specific facets of PRES (eg, seizures). The initial model consisted in inducing a reduced uterine perfusion pressure that mimics preeclampsia, a leading cause of PRES. More recently, a model of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats on high-salt diet, originally developed for hypertensive small vessel disease and vascular cognitive impairment, has been studied in PRES. This review aims to discuss, depending on the research objective, the benefits and limitations of current experimental approaches and thus to define the desirable characteristics for studying the pathophysiology of PRES and developing new therapies.
Depatuxizumab mafodotin is given on Day 1 of Week 1, 3 and 5 along with the standard therapy of TMZ and radiation during the chemoradiation phase. Depatuxizumab mafodotin is given on Day 1 and 15 of each cycle along with TMZ (Days 1-5 of each cycle) per standard of care during the adjuvant phase.
Sub-group of participants will use a-DOT technology called AiCure (a Smartphone app) with gaming to track ingestion of fixed-dose Elbasvir and Grazoprevir, 1 tablet, 50mg-100mg of each drug, respectively, daily for 12 weeks. The gaming feature is to test whether competition encourages engagement and helps to increase adherence to the HCV medication.
BACKGROUND: Tracheostomy in patients who are critically ill is generally performed due to prolonged mechanical ventilation and expected extubation failure. However, tracheostomy criteria and ideal timing are poorly defined, including equivocal data from randomized controlled trials and median intubation to tracheostomy times that range from 7-21 d. However, a consistent finding is that only ∼50% of late tracheostomy groups actually undergo tracheostomy, with non-performance due to recovery or clinical deterioration. Unlike in many jurisdictions, elective surgical procedures in our institution require a court-appointed guardian, which necessitates an approximately 1-week delay between the decision to perform tracheostomy and surgery. This offers a unique opportunity to observe patients with potential tracheostomy during a delay between the decision and the performance.
METHODS: ICU patients who were ventilated were identified for inclusion retrospectively by an application for guardianship relating to tracheostomy, the intention-to-treat point. The main outcomes of tracheostomy, extubation, or death/palliative care after inclusion were noted. Demographics, outcomes, and event timing were compared for the 3 outcome groups.
RESULTS: Tracheostomy-related guardianship requests were made for 388 subjects. Of these, 195 (50%) underwent tracheostomy, whereas 127 (33%) were extubated and 66 (17%) either died before tracheostomy (46 [12%]) or were transitioned to palliative care (20 [5%]). The median time (interquartile range) from guardianship request until a defining event was the following: 6.2 (4.0-11) d for tracheostomy, 5.0 (2.9-8.2) d for extubation (P < .001 as compared to tracheostomy group), and 6.5 (2.5-11) d for death/palliative care (P = .55 as compared to tracheostomy). Neurological admissions were more common in the tracheostomy group and less common in the palliative group. Other admission demographics and hospitalization characteristics were similar. Hospital mortality was higher for subjects undergoing tracheostomy (58/195 [30%]) versus extubation (24/127 [19%]) (P = .03).
CONCLUSIONS: Delay in performing tracheostomy due to legal requirements was associated with a 50% decrease in the need for tracheostomy. This suggests that decision-making with regard to ideal tracheostomy timing could be improved, saving unnecessary procedures.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is highly prevalent, estimated to affect over 800 million people worldwide. Diabetes is a leading cause of kidney disease. Both diabetes and CKD are associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease and related morbidity and mortality. Over the last several years, there has been a shift in focus toward integrating kidney and cardiovascular care, particularly in diabetes. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, and nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have rapidly become cornerstones of kidney and cardiovascular risk-focused care in diabetes and CKD. However, present-day use of these agents is low, and disparities in use by race, ethnicity, age, sex, and comorbidities are apparent. Challenges in implementation of kidney protective and cardioprotective therapies include low rates of diabetes and CKD screening, lack of provider comfort and subspecialty reliance, inconsistencies across professional society guidelines, high rates of drug discontinuation, and prohibitive costs. Effective implementation of kidney protective and cardioprotective therapies necessitates a multifaceted approach and active engagement of patients, pharmacists, primary care providers, subspecialty providers, and health care system leaders as key stakeholders. Implementation efforts should be practical and incorporate collaborative, multidisciplinary team-based approaches. Successful implementation of kidney protective and cardioprotective therapies has the potential to improve overall health outcomes and ameliorate health care disparities.
The primary objective is to describe the levels of mercury in the blood of premature newborns greater than or equal to 32 weeks and less than 37 weeks gestation and birth weight greater than or equal to 2000 grams but less than 3000 grams, who receive the routine birth dose of Hepatitis B immunization containing ethyl mercury in the form of thimerosal and the birth dose of BCG immunization, and to evaluate the excretion of mercury in these newborns by examining mercury levels in stool and urine. Secondary objectives are: 1) to determine the half-time of mercury in blood following vaccination of premature and low birth weight infants with thimerosal-containing vaccines, and 2) to screen premature and low birth weight infants for evidence of early effects of thimerosal on the kidney by measurement of urinary gamma glutamyl transpeptidase levels. All infants will have stool, urine, and blood samples collected prior to receipt of routine birth hepatitis B and BCG immunization. Cord blood will serve as the baseline blood specimen. Each infant will be seen once at a predetermined follow-up visit time point. There will be 6 follow-up visit time points, with sampling from 12 infants at each time point. All infants will provide blood, urine, and stool specimens at the assigned follow-up visit.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stable transparent multi-component composition useful for the delivery of water soluble active agents to animals.  <P>SOLUTION: The compositions are formulated with a mixture of an oil phase, an aqueous phase and a surfactant system, along with the active agent to be delivered to the animal. The compositions are especially formulated to be incompatible with capsules such as gelatin and starch capsules. The aqueous phase of the compositions contains a substantial amount of polyethylene glycol and can optionally also contain a plasticizer. Preferable active agents are protainaceous materials.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Vivaglobin® is a 16% (160 mg/mL) liquid formulation of human normal immunoglobulin for subcutaneous infusion. Subjects will receive weekly infusions of Vivaglobin® at a weekly dosage calculated based on previous intravenous immunoglobulin treatment (between 0.1 to 0.5 g/kg body weight per week).
The invention discloses a drug novel use of fucoidan polysaccharide sulfate. The use is the application of the fucoidan polysaccharide sulfate in preparing the following products: (1), a product for preventing and/or treating diabetic cardiomyopathy; (2), a product for inhibiting diabetic myocardial oxidative stress; and (3), a product for inhibiting expression and activation of PKC (Protein Kinase C) beta in diabetic cardiomyopathy; and (4), a product for relieving cardiac interstitial fibrosis of a diabetic. The fucoidan polysaccharide sulfate is preferably LMWF (Fucoidan Polysaccharide Sulfate) with weight-average molecular weight of 3-30KD. According to the pharmacodynamic experiment, the LMWF can be used for generating beneficial interference to the development of pathogenetic condition of the diabetic cardiomyopathy by strengthening the myocardial systolic function and relieving cardiac fibrosis. More importantly, the LMWF can be used for effectively inhibiting oxidative stress by regulating the activity of antioxidase, and can be used for inhibiting the expression of protein kinase C beta (PKCbeta) subtype. The LMWF is from the natural existing kelp, so that the availability and safety of the kelp are beneficial to using the fucoidan polysaccharide sulfate as a potential clinical treatment drug and preventing the diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Participants can choose to be on medication or not. If they decide to take medication, they will be titrated to an optimal dose of stimulant medication. Then they undergo the 12 weeks of group cognitive behavioral and skills training therapy.
The present invention involves monoclonal antibodies which recognize a common determinant found on separate and distinct adhesion molecules. The monoclonal antibodies are used for blocking cellular adhesion. Monoclonal antibodies are also described that are capable of binding to a common determinant expressed on separate and distinct selectins and in particular antibodies that bind to both E-selectin (also known as ELAM-1) and L-selectin (also known as LAM-I, LECAM-1, Leu-8, TQ-1, gp 90 MEL-14 and peripheral lymph node homing receptor). The monoclonal antibodies are useful in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases associated with inflammation. The monoclonal antibodies are used for detecting cells bearing selectins. Cell lines capable of producing the above described antibodies are also described.
A sensor chip is useful to detect a medicine releasable from a solid in a solution. The sensor chip comprises a housing unit and a sensing electrode unit. The housing unit includes a micro-channel, a partitioning piece, an extraction hole and a medicine injection hole. The micro-channel has a measure region, an injection region and an extraction region. The partitioning piece is provided in the injection region of the micro-channel. The extraction hole is connected to the extraction region, and the medicine injection hole is connected to the injection region. The partitioning piece prevents the solid which is injected from the medicine injection hole from flowing into the measure region with the solution. The sensing electrode unit is formed in the housing unit and has a working electrode disposed in the measure region. The working electrode has a conducting layer, a carbon nanotube layer electrophoretically deposited on the conducting layer and a plurality of gold nano-particles sputteringly deposited on the carbon nanotube layer.
The dates between February 2021 to December 2021 , primiparous (primigravida) and multiparous (multigravida) patients who were hospitalized for delivery between 32 and 41 weeks of gestation and who haven't received cesarean in their previous delivery will be included in the study in Zeynep Kamil Training and Research Hospital Hynecology and Obstetrics Clinic. These patients who will have indication for primary cesarean section will be divided into two groups as latent and active phase according to cervical opening and effacement.During cesarean section , tue uterine lower segment transverse incision will be continuously sutured with 1.0 vicryl( with no interlocking). Also the visceral peritoneum of the vesicle-uterine cavity will be sutured with 2.0 vicryl, This closure technique is to provide hemostasis in the incision. Also additional single interrupted sutures will be recorded(on the each side and /or in the middle of incision).Also If additional surgical interventions such as vessel ligation, uterine artery compression sutures ( such as B-Lynch) will be performed during the surgery, the will be recorded.In this study, If the patients with gestational age below 32, confirmed placenta previa or invasion anomaly and a history of previous cesarean section will not be included.All patient's age, gravid , parity, height, weight, gestational week, smoking history, chronic disease such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obstetric history such as oligo-polihidroamnios, abortus imminent,etc previous abdominal surgeries, drug use, use of dinoprost(process) for cervical effacement, cervical Foley catheter use, use of oxytocin, duration of labor, presence of early membrane rupture, time interval from the beginning of rupture membrane, presentation, indication for cesarean section, cervikal dilatation and effacement just before the cesarean section, duration of the operation, use of additional uterotonics during the surgery, additional sutures for hemostasis, presence of atony, additional surgical interventions( uterine artery and hypogastric artery ligation, uterine compression sutures), birth weight, preoperative and post hemogram, hematocrit, white blood cell count, platelet count, blood transfusion if it was given, discharge time, and endometriosis will be recorded. Patients will be called for control examination in the third( 3rd) month after operation. And patients will be asked about clinical findings such as prolonged menstrual bleeding, midsiklus bleeding, dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain. At the same time the presence of isthmuses, the depth and the shape of the istmosel pocket and the myometrial thickness will be measured and recorded with transvaginal ultrasound. Thus, the importance of isthmocele formation on patients who had caeserean section either on latent phase or active phase of labor will be investigated . In addition , other risk factors leading to isthmocele formation will be investigated.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a hepatocyte-like cell having high maturity, and to provide a hepatocyte-like cell produced by the method and its use.  <P>SOLUTION: Provided is a method for producing a mature hepatocyte-like cell, wherein differentiation to a mature hepatocyte-like cell is induced by culturing a mesenchymal stem cell in the presence of oncostatin M, dexamethasone and TGF-β. The mature hepatocyte-like cell is provided with the cell function and morphological feature of a hepatocyte. Further it is also confirmed to be infected with a hepatitis virus such as HCV. The human hepatocyte-like cell is useful for the estimation of the metabolism or hepatic toxicity of a test compound. The human hepatocyte-like cell is available for screening treatments for liver diseases, inhibitors of hepatitis virus infection and treatments for viral hepatitis.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT