anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
UNLABELLED: The pathogenesis of most cases of carpal tunnel syndrome is not clearly defined. There are some aspects of the disease that suggest a potential effect of genetic predispositions. Mutations (variants) within the genes encoding various subtypes of collagen synthesis, oligomerisation in the endoplasmic reticulum and inactivation of reactive oxygen species may be involved in the development of carpal tunnel syndrome. The objective of this study was to determine the role of DNA alterations within the COL11A, COL1A, COL5A1, COMP and GSTM1 genes in the pathogenesis of carpal tunnel syndrome based on a Polish population.
STUDY DESIGN: In the discovery phase, a total of 96 patients with familial aggregation of CTS were genotyped using a Next Generation Sequencing panel in order to find possible mutations within the studied genes. The potential pathogenicity of the detected variants was investigated using the predictions of several in-silico algorithms and the TaqMan technology. In the association phase of the study, a group of 345 CTS patients and 1035 healthy controls were genotyped.
RESULTS: A total of 35 splice-site or exonic non-synonymous variants were detected by NGS. We did not identify any clearly pathogenic or likely pathogenic alternations. The 30 variants were identified as benign or likely benign. Five missense changes were predicted as VUS and selected for association study. The COL5A1 c.1595 C>T (p.Ala532Val) was detected in one out of 345 cases and three out of 1035 controls (P=1, OR=1); this indicates that the variant is a neutral alteration. Four remaining variants - c.2840 C>A, c.5395 G>A, c.1331 C>G, c.1590 C>A - were present in none out of the 345 CTS patients and none out of 1035 controls.
CONCLUSION: The main finding of this study was that there was no independent association between the variants of five examined genes and carpal tunnel syndrome. Four uncertain variants were identified that seem to be extremely rare in the Polish population.
Pharmaceutical vehicles for delivery of pharmacologically active chemical materials to mucous membranes, as well as pharmaceutically active compositions containing such vehicles, are provided. The pharmaceutical vehicles are clear, water-miscible, physiologically-acceptable, liquid compositions which gel to a thickened, non-flowing and adhering consistency at human body temperature. They are liquid at ambient room temperature and have a gel transition temperature in the range of from about 25° C. to about 40° C. Aqueous solutions of certain polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene condensates are suitable vehicles. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions containing added pharmacologically active chemical material, i.e., a drug or medicament. A method of delivering the drug or medicament to a mucous membrane is also provided. 
     This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 661,612, filed Feb. 26, 1976, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,100,271.
Participants in this intervention arm will be started with basal insulin of 10 units or 0.2 unit/kg (whichever lower) at pre-bed time. They will then check their morning fasting CBG the following 3 days. If they have no hypoglycemia symptoms or documented hypoglycemic CBG (\<3.9mmol/L), and their fasting CBG is more than 7mmol/L (for 2 out of 3 days), they will then self-titrate their basal insulin by 2 units (ie 10+2) on the 3rd night. This same process is going to be repeated until their fasting CBG achieved 7mmol/L or lower. Then, they will continue and maintain on the desired basal insulin dosage till their appointment. The maximum basal insulin that is allowed to be titrated by the participants is up to 0.5unit/kg. Participants are required to document down their CBG and any hypoglycemia symptoms in a simple table method provided to them.
A premix composition comprising 20-60% calcium silicate and 10-60% nicotine or an equivalent amount of nicotine salt. A method for preparing the premix comprising mixing 20-60% calcium silicate and 10-60% nicotine or an equivalent amount of nicotine salt is also included. The composition may be for use in a tobacco replacement product or for stabilisation of nicotine and may be used orally, preferably as a tablet, lozenge, pill, capsule, chewing gum, troche or pouch, as a patch or as a heat-not-burn composition. The nicotine or nicotine salt may be selected from or formed from synthetic nicotine or nicotine extracted from tobacco. The ratio of nicotine to calcium silicate may be from 5%:95% to 75%:25%. The composition may comprise an acid, ethanol, carbon dioxide or glycerol. The acid may be pyruvic, benzoic, levulinic, citric, gluconic, glucuronic, ribonic, arabinonic or galactonic acid, preferably a hydroxy acid and most preferably citric or gluconic acid. The composition may comprise CO2 and glycerol. The composition may comprise a powder component and a granule component. The composition may comprise water, preferably 10-25% water. The method may comprise mixing the nicotine with an acid, ethanol, CO2 or glycerol to form a solution before mixing with calcium silicate.
INTRODUCTION: A study at Sahlgrenska University Hospital (SU) found significant variation in the treatment of ankle fractures, leading to the development of a structured treatment algorithm (TA). The TA aimed to standardise treatment and reduce the number of unnecessary surgical procedures. A follow-up study concluded that the number of surgeries had significantly decreased since the TA was introduced. However, the long-term effects of the TA and the reduced number of surgical procedures remain unclear. The aim of the study was to analyse the long-term effects of a structured TA for ankle fractures, focusing on complications and reoperation rates.
METHOD: The present study is a long-term follow-up of the same two cohorts of patients with lateral malleolar fractures of type AO/OTA44-B1, as studied in the previous studies on the TA for ankle fractures at SU. The current study compares a group of AO/OTA 44B1 fractures treated before introducing the TA, the pre-TA cohort (n = 410), with a group treated after introducing the TA, the post-TA cohort (n = 333). Both cohorts were followed for at least four years, and the outcomes were reoperation or complication. Reoperation was defined as any surgical procedure performed ≥ 30 days after the injury.
RESULTS: The results highlight a statistically significant reduction in the reoperation rate for lateral malleolar ankle fractures from 7.1 to 2.4% (p = 0.006) after introducing a TA that reduced the number of primary surgical procedures. Hardware-related issues were identified as the dominant cause of reoperation in both cohorts. Three major reoperations were observed in the pre-TA cohort compared to none in the post-TA cohort. The present study revealed no increase in the frequency of reoperations (late surgeries) due to non-union.
CONCLUSION: The non-surgical treatment of stable ankle fractures does not lead to an increase in reoperations caused by non-union. A TA that reduces the need for primary surgical procedures for lateral malleolar fractures of type AO/OTA44-B1 has resulted in a significant decrease in reoperation rates and no increase in failure rates. This long-term follow-up demonstrates that a non-surgical approach to isolated lateral malleolar fractures is safe.
CELEBREX has demonstrated significant reduction in joint pain compared to placebo. CELEBREX was evaluated for treatment of the signs and the symptoms of OA of the knee and hip in placebo- and active-controlled clinical trials of up to 12 weeks duration. In patients with OA, treatment with CELEBREX 100 mg twice daily or 200 mg once daily resulted in improvement in WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities) osteoarthritis index, a composite of pain, stiffness, and functional measures in OA. In three 12-week studies of pain accompanying OA flare, CELEBREX doses of 100 mg twice daily and 200 mg twice daily provided significant reduction of pain within 24 to 48 hours of initiation of dosing. At doses of 100 mg twice daily or 200 mg twice daily the effectiveness of CELEBREX was shown to be similar to that of naproxen 500 mg twice daily. Doses of 200 mg twice daily provided no additional benefit above that seen with 100 mg twice daily. A total daily dose of 200 mg has been shown to be equally effective whether administered as 100 mg twice daily or 200 mg once daily.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a denture periphery treatment material that can form a smooth transition face on the boundary line between the denture and the flexible lining material in the marginal region of the denture base and the periphery treatment method using the same. SOLUTION: This denture periphery treatment material comprises (A) 100 pts.wt. of an organopolysiloxane that bears at least two aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons in one molecule, and has a viscosity of 500-5,000 cs at 25 deg.C; (B) 0.5-30 pts.wt. of an organohydrogenpolysiloxane that bears at least three hydrogen atoms directly bonding to a silicon atom on one molecule; (C) 10-500 ppm, based on the total of A and B, of a silicone-soluble platinum compound; and (D) 0.5-20 pts.wt. of a fine powdery silica that has a BET specific surface area of 50-500 m2/g and is made hydrophobic on its surface by treatment. The peripheral regions of the denture base lined with the flexible lining material is treated by coating it with the periphery treatment material and curing the coated layer.
The investigators will conduct a prospective, randomized, non-blinded clinical trial, over a 2-year period, to investigate the efficacy of virtual reality (VR) on pain reduction as a primary outcome (quantitative outcome) and its effect on anxiety and stress (qualitative outcomes) as secondary outcomes in geriatric patients presenting to the ED of Maimonides Medical Center. This clinical trial will focus on patients with complaints of acute traumatic and non-traumatic musculoskeletal pain. These patients will be screened for eligibility and approached by study investigators. Upon meeting the eligibility criteria and completing an informed consent form, patients will be randomized into one of two study groups: 1) Standard of Care or 2) Standard of Care (SOC) plus Virtual Reality. Subjects will include geriatric patients, ages 65 and older, presenting to the ED with acute traumatic and non-traumatic musculoskeletal (MSK) painful syndromes with an initial numeric pain score of 4 and above on a standard 11 point (0 to 10) numeric rating scale (NRS) and requiring analgesia as determined by the treating ED physician. The total sample size for this trial will be 180 subjects (90 per group).

Eligible subjects in the trial will be randomized to either the control group or the intervention group. The control group will receive the standard of care (SOC) analgesia as determined by their treating physician and departmental guidelines. The intervention group will receive VR therapy via a headset as an adjunct to the SOC therapies prescribed. Study investigators will record pain scores, vital signs, and adverse effects at 0, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. In addition, anxiety and stress will be assessed before and after utilization of VR in the intervention group at 0, 30, 60 and 120 minutes. Subjects enrolled in the control group will have an evaluation of anxiety and stress recorded at 0, 30, 60, and 120 minutes as a part of secondary outcome measures as well.
Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F), excursions permitted between 15°C and 30°C (between 59°F and 86°F). Brief exposure to temperatures up to 40°C (104°F) may be tolerated provided the mean kinetic temperature does not exceed 25°C (77°F); however, such exposure should be minimized.

NOTICE:

Protect from freezing and excessive heat. The product may tend to darken slightly on storage. Slight discoloration does not impair the efficacy or safety of the product. Keep bottle tightly closed.

Occasionally, a slight discoloration of fabric may occur when an excessive amount of the product is used and comes in contact with white fabrics. This discoloration, however, presents no problem, as it is readily removed by ordinary laundering without bleaches.
All patients were randomized to receive either mesenteric angiography alone or angiography combination laparoscopy in a 1:1 ratio. Randomization was performed computer-generated list using a randomly permuted block design. To ensure concealed randomization, the randomization code was put in opaque envelope and kept by researchers not performing angiography or angiography combination laparoscopy. Both patients and investigators were unaware of the randomization sequence.
All participants will be given rocuromium for neuromuscular blocks during the procedure. Per randomization, patients in this group will be reversed with 0.07 mg/kg neostigmine (to a maximum of 5 mg).
The Rad5/HLTF protein has a central role in the tolerance to DNA damage by mediating an error-free mode of bypassing unrepaired DNA lesions, and is therefore critical for the maintenance of genome stability. We show in this work that, following cellular stress, Rad5 is regulated by relocalization into two types of nuclear foci that coexist within the same cell, which we termed 'S' and 'I'. Rad5 S-foci form in response to genotoxic stress and are associated with Rad5's function in maintaining genome stability, whereas I-foci form in the presence of proteotoxic stress and are related to Rad5's own proteostasis. Rad5 accumulates into S-foci at DNA damage tolerance sites by liquid-liquid phase separation, while I-foci constitute sites of chaperone-mediated sequestration of Rad5 at the intranuclear quality control compartment (INQ). Relocalization of Rad5 into each type of foci involves different pathways and recruitment mechanisms, but in both cases is driven by the evolutionarily conserved E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Rad6. This coordinated differential relocalization of Rad5 interconnects DNA damage response and proteostasis networks, highlighting the importance of studying these homeostasis mechanisms in tandem. Spatial regulation of Rad5 under cellular stress conditions thus provides a useful biological model to study cellular homeostasis as a whole.
To evaluate the prognostic potential of the 2012 Briganti nomogram for pelvic lymph node invasion on disease progression after surgery in intermediate-risk (IR) prostate cancer (PCa) patients with favorable tumor grade (International Society of Urological Pathology grade group 1 or 2), eventually associated with adverse clinical features as PSA between 10 and 20 ng/mL and/or clinical stage T2b. All IR PCa patients treated with robot-assisted radical prostatectomy and eventually extended pelvic lymph node dissection at the Department of Urology of the Integrated University Hospital of Verona between 2013 and 2021, with the abovementioned features, and available follow-up were considered. The 2012 Briganti nomogram score was assessed both as a continuous and dichotomous variable, where a mean risk score of 4% was used a threshold. The independent predictor status of the nomogram score on disease progression defined as the occurrence of biochemical recurrence and/or metastatic progression was evaluated using the Cox regression analysis. Overall, 348 patients were enrolled in the study. Median (interquartile range) follow-up was 98 (83.5-112.4) months. At multivariable Cox regression analysis, PCa progression, which occurred in 65 (18.7%) cases, was independently predicted only by the 2012 Briganti nomogram score evaluated as a continuous variable, among all considered clinical features (HR 1.16; 95%CI 1.08-1.24; p < 0.001). In addition, patients presenting with a nomogram score ≥ 4% were more likely to experience disease progression even after adjustment for clinical (HR 2.22, 95%CI 1.02-4.79; p = 0.043) and pathological (HR 1.80; 95%CI 1.06-3.05; p = 0.031) factors. In the examined patient population, the 2012 Briganti nomogram predicted PCa progression after surgery. Accordingly, as the risk score increased, patients were more likely to progress, independently by the occurrence of adverse pathology in the surgical specimen. The 2012 Briganti nomogram score categorized according to the mean value allowed to identify prognostic subgroups.
ACTONEL, like other bisphosphonates administered orally, may cause local irritation of the upper gastrointestinal mucosa. Because of these possible irritant effects and a potential for worsening of the underlying disease, caution should be used when ACTONEL is given to patients with active upper gastrointestinal problems (such as known Barrett’s esophagus, dysphagia, other esophageal diseases, gastritis, duodenitis or ulcers) [see Contraindications (4), Adverse Reactions (6.1), Information for Patients (17.1)].

Esophageal adverse experiences, such as esophagitis, esophageal ulcers and esophageal erosions, occasionally with bleeding and rarely followed by esophageal stricture or perforation, have been reported in patients receiving treatment with oral bisphosphonates. In some cases, these have been severe and required hospitalization. Physicians should therefore be alert to any signs or symptoms signaling a possible esophageal reaction and patients should be instructed to discontinue ACTONEL and seek medical attention if they develop dysphagia, odynophagia, retrosternal pain or new or worsening heartburn.

The risk of severe esophageal adverse experiences appears to be greater in patients who lie down after taking oral bisphosphonates and/or who fail to swallow it with the recommended full glass (6-8 oz) of water, and/or who continue to take oral bisphosphonates after developing symptoms suggestive of esophageal irritation. Therefore, it is very important that the full dosing instructions are provided to, and understood by, the patient [see Dosage and Administration (2)]. In patients who cannot comply with dosing instructions due to mental disability, therapy with ACTONEL should be used under appropriate supervision.

There have been post-marketing reports of gastric and duodenal ulcers with oral bisphosphonate use, some severe and with complications, although no increased risk was observed in controlled clinical trials.
Duration estimation is a conceptual ability that plays a crucial role in human behaviour. Impairments in duration estimation ability have a significant impact on daily autonomy and social and cognitive capacities, even more so in psychological disorders. It has been recently shown that the ability to estimate durations develops at a slower pace in individuals with mild intellectual disability (MID) compared with typically developing (TD) individuals. More generally, it has been also demonstrated that duration estimation requires working memory updating. In this study, we compared the duration estimation and updating performances of individuals aged 10-20 years with idiopathic MID without associated disorders to those of typical individuals of the same ages (N = 160). Our results highlight a developmental lag not only in the capacity to estimate short durations (<1 s) in individuals with idiopathic MID, both in a bisection task and in a reproduction task, but also in working memory updating capacity. The findings also emphasise-for the first time-the importance of updating for both the age-related increase in duration estimation capacities and the deficits of these capacities in idiopathic MID. This is consistent with the hypothesis that duration estimation deficits in idiopathic MID may be due, to a large extent, to lower updating abilities.
Subjects will receive standard of care treatments from their physical therapist. In addition, an investigative team member will customize a program of core-strengthening resistance exercises that will be prescribed to all intervention group subjects. Subjects will be expected to complete the protocol twice (2x) per week for an 8 week period. The protocol was approved by the Mayo Clinic IRB. Evaluations will be completed at baseline, week 4, and week 8 for all subject groups. Evaluations will consist of a strength assessment, standard clinical questionnaires about back health, a Sorenson's Back Endurance Test, and ultrasound images of back musculature. Longitudinal follow-ups will be completed quarterly for one year after the initial evaluation. These follow-ups will be performed remotely via phone and/or email and incorporate clinical questionnaires.
BACKGROUND: It is widely believed that relapse in first-episode psychosis (FEP) causes illness progression, with previous reviews suggesting that treatment non-response develops in one in six patients who relapse. This belief contributes to the primary treatment goal in FEP being relapse-prevention, often in favor of other recovery-oriented goals. However, previous reviews primarily reported on naturalistic studies in chronic schizophrenia and predated multiple major studies with higher-quality designs.
METHODS: We conducted a narrative review of studies of any design that examine the impact of relapse on medication response and other symptomatic and functional outcomes in FEP.
RESULTS: We identified eight relevant studies, five of these published since the last major review on this topic. Observational studies show a clear association between relapses and worse response to medication, but poorly control for confounding. Three higher-quality studies (two randomized) generally do not find worse symptomatic or functional outcomes among medication reduction/discontinuation arms compared to maintenance controls, despite significantly higher initial rates of relapse.
CONCLUSION: While the social and psychological consequences of a relapse should not be dismissed, clinicians should demand high-quality evidence about the risks of relapse on long-term outcomes. The conventional notion that relapse leads to treatment non-response or worse long-term outcomes is generally not supported by the highest quality studies. These findings can help clinicians and patients weigh the risks and benefits of competing treatment strategies in FEP.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, the adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical studies of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.

XALATAN was studied in three multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trials. Patients received 50 mcg/mL XALATAN once daily or 5 mg/mL active-comparator (timolol) twice daily. The patient population studied had a mean age of 65±10 years. Seven percent of patients withdrew before the 6-month endpoint.

Less than 1% of the patients treated with XALATAN required discontinuation of therapy because of intolerance to conjunctival hyperemia.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention refers to master carotenoid-containing composition. Composition includes at least one carotenoid-containing material enriched in Z-isomers of carotenoid compound. Carotenoid-containing material includes higher percentage of isomer selected out of a group of 5-Z, 9-Z and their combinations than 13-Z isomer. Method composition manufacturing involves processing of carotenoid-containing material to increase content of Z-isomers of carotenoid compound. Master composition can be used in peroral, cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions. These compositions can be used in prevention of cardiovascular diseases and improvement of skin and hair condition. ^ EFFECT: increased bioavailability of carotenoids. ^ 29 cl, 1 dwg, 4 tbl, 6 ex