anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: While the prevalence of severe cases and mortality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appear to be reducing, the clinical characteristics and severity of hospitalized patients with asthma and COVID-19 remain largely unknown. This study aimed to examine the association of asthma with COVID-19 severity and mortality risk.
METHODS: Data from the Japanese COVID-19 Registry Database were used to investigate the association between COVID-19 and asthma. This study focused on patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in 690 facilities from January 31, 2020, to December 31, 2022. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression was conducted to assess whether asthma, compared with other conditions, represents a risk factor for mortality and invasive mechanical ventilation after COVID-19.
RESULTS: In total, 72,582 patients with COVID-19 were included in the analysis, of whom, 3731 were diagnosed with asthma. From January 2020 to June 2021, asthma showed no significant association with an increase in mortality (OR 0.837, 95% CI 0.639-1.080, p = 0.184) or invasive mechanical ventilation events (OR 1.084, 95% CI 0.878-1.326, p = 0.440). An analysis conducted after July 2021 yielded similar results. For patients with asthma, factors such as age, body-mass index, sex, and chronic kidney disease increased the risk of mechanical ventilation. However, non-vaccination status and high blood pressure increased the risk of mechanical ventilation during the second half of the study.
CONCLUSION: Patients with asthma did not have an increased risk of mortality or mechanical ventilation due to COVID-19. However, patients with asthma had a higher risk of more severe COVID-19 due to factors such as advancing age, elevated body-mass index, chronic kidney disease, and non-vaccination.
One week after implantation of the device, participants randomized in this arm will receive continuous magnetic stimulation of high frequency (50Hz) with epidural electrode for 12 weeks. And then, the epidural electrode will be turned off for more 12 weeks in a crossover fashion.
Rodents and human studies indicate that the hippocampus, a brain region necessary for memory processing, responds to noxious stimuli. However, the hippocampus has yet to be considered a key brain region directly involved in the human pain experience. One approach to answer this question is to perform quantitative sensory testing on patients with hippocampal damage-ie, medial temporal lobe epilepsy. Some case studies and case series have performed such tests in a handful of patients with various types of epilepsy and have reported mixed results. Here, we aimed to determine whether mechanical pain sensitivity was altered in patients diagnosed with temporal lobe epilepsy. We first investigated whether mechanical pain sensitivity in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy differs from that of healthy individuals. Next, in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, we evaluated whether the degree of pain sensitivity is associated with the degree of hippocampal integrity. Structural integrity was based on hippocampal volume, and functional integrity was based on verbal and visuospatial memory scores. Our findings show that patients with temporal lobe epilepsy have lower mechanical pain sensitivity than healthy individuals. Only left hippocampal volume was positively associated with mechanical pain sensitivity-the greater the hippocampal damage, the lower the sensitivity to mechanical pain. Hippocampal measures of functional integrity were not significantly associated with mechanical pain sensitivity, suggesting that the mechanisms of hippocampal pain processing may be different than its memory functions. Future studies are necessary to determine the mechanisms of pain processing in the hippocampus.
This is a proof of concept, pilot, phase II study using iNO in patients on VA-ECMO. Stage 1 will assess the participant's response to iNO early after cannulation. Stage 2 will assess the participant's response to iNO during the ECMO weaning process.

Stage 1 Patients in whom VA-ECMO is being initiated will be invited to participate. Hemodynamic, echocardiographic, and biochemical parameters will be measured immediately prior to iNO administration and repeated 30 minutes after iNO initiation. iNO will be continued for six hours to allow hemodynamic and oxygenation parameters to stabilize as per previous protocols in the literature. After six hours, hemodynamic, echocardiographic, and biochemical parameters will be re-assessed after which iNO will be discontinued. All parameters will be re-evaluated 30 minutes after iNO discontinuation.

Stage 2 A weaning trial will be performed at 1) the earliest signs of myocardial recovery or b) day 5. Myocardial recovery will be defined as: mean arterial pressure \> 60 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) on no or minimal inotropic/vasopressor support, arterial pulse pressure \> 10 mmHg, and minimal respiratory support (oxygen saturation \> 88% on \< 2 liters by nasal cannulae, or minimal ventilator setting if intubated). Inhaled nitric oxide will be re-initiated 30 minutes prior to the ECMO weaning trial. Adequacy of perfusion will be defined as a mixed venous oxygen saturation of \> 70%. Hemodynamic, echocardiographic, and biochemical parameter will be recorded immediately prior to iNO administration and then at 30 minutes prior to the ECMO weaning trial. ECMO will be weaned as per the standard protocol at the University Health Network with re-assessment of all parameters after weaning is complete. When ECMO weaning is unsuccessful, these parameters will be recorded immediately prior to re-initiation of full flow VA-ECMO and 30 minutes thereafter. VA-ECMO weaning will be re-attempted at 24-48 hours at the discretion of the medical team.
Juvenile myasthenia gravis (JMG) exhibits a more favorable response to glucocorticoids and has a better prognosis than adult myasthenia gravis. However, no established treatment exists for refractory JMG. Although thymectomy has been performed in several patients with refractory systemic JMG, there are few detailed clinical descriptions of patients who underwent thymectomy. Here, we present the case of a 10-year-old boy with refractory systemic JMG who was successfully treated with thymectomy. The patient developed symptoms, including dysphagia, malaise, diurnal ptosis, and weakness in the trunk muscles, and he was diagnosed with generalized JMG. Despite undergoing various treatments, including steroids, tacrolimus, steroid pulse therapy, intravenous immunoglobulin, azathioprine (AZT), and rituximab, his symptoms did not improve. Therefore, he underwent a thoracoscopic thymectomy 24 months after disease onset. Thymectomy led to remission, as demonstrated by a significant reduction in the quantitative myasthenia gravis score and anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody levels, which persisted for 43 months after surgery. Our case demonstrates the effectiveness of thymectomy in systemic JMG patients with positive anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies, despite therapeutic failure with AZT and rituximab, within 2 years of disease onset.
– Following oral administration, griseofulvin is deposited in the keratin precursor cells and has a greater affinity for diseased tissue. The drug is tightly bound to the new keratin which becomes highly resistant to fungal invasions.

The efficiency of gastrointestinal absorption of ultramicrocrystalline griseofulvin is approximately one and one-half times that of the conventional microsize griseofulvin. This factor permits the oral intake of two-thirds as much ultramicrocrystalline griseofulvin as the microsize form. However, there is currently no evidence that this lower dose confers any significant clinical differences with regard to safety and/or efficacy.

In a bioequivalence study conducted in healthy volunteers (N=24) in the fasted state, 250 mg ultramicrocrystalline griseofulvin tablets were compared with 250 mg ultramicrocrystalline griseofulvin tablets that were physically altered (crushed) and administered with applesauce. The 250 mg ultramicrocrystalline griseofulvin tablets were found to be bioequivalent to the physically altered (crushed) 250 mg ultramicro-crystalline griseofulvin tablets (See Table 1).
BACKGROUND: Inguinal hernia repair is a common pediatric procedure. We studied postoperative recovery times in children undergoing laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair with anesthesia induced by fentanyl versus sufentanil.
METHODS: We performed a pilot randomized clinical trial between February and December 2022. Eligible children were assigned into two age groups, 2-6 and 6-12 years old groups. Then, children in each age group were randomly assigned into either the fentanyl (2 µg/kg) or sufentanil (0.2 µg/kg) group for anesthesia induction. Baseline characteristics were collected. The primary outcome was the postoperative recovery time, which was recorded as the time period from extubation to a Steward recovery score reaching 6. Secondary outcomes included surgical duration, anesthetic duration, intubation duration, and intraoperative hemorrhage.
RESULTS: There were 300 children, with 75 children in each group. In the 2-6 years old group, children who received fentanyl had statistically significantly shorter postoperative recovery times than children who received sufentanil (0.9 ± 0.4 versus 1.5 ± 0.3 h, P < 0.001). However, in the 6-12 years old group, children who received fentanyl had statistically significantly longer postoperative recovery times than children who received sufentanil (1.2 ± 0.4 versus 0.8 ± 0.4 h, P < 0.001). Baseline characteristics and secondary outcomes were comparable between two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Anesthesia induction with fentanyl or sufentanil resulted in different postoperative recovery times after laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in children in different age groups. More studies are required to determine the appropriate induction anesthetic in children of different ages.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study protocol was retrospectively registered online at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number ChiCTR2300072177, retrospectively registered on 06/06/2023).
Pectus excavatum (PE) and pectus carinatum (PC) are the most common anterior chest wall deformities. Pectus excavatum, also known as funnel chest, is characterised by a deep depression usually involving the lower one-half to two-thirds of the sternum. PE is the most common congenital chest deformity and has a reported incidence of between 1:1000 and 8:1000 live births, with a male-to-female ratio of 3:1. Pectus carinatum, or pigeon breast, refers to protrusion of the sternum and is approximately seven times less frequent than PE, affecting 1:1000 to 1:10,000 live births. More than 26% have familial occurrence. The anatomic deformity is believed by many to be caused by a disproportionate growth of the costal cartilages as compared with the remainder of the bony thoracic skeleton, which exerts pressure on the sternum to cause depression (PE) and protrusion (PC). Although the majority of patients with PE are recognized during the first year of life, the depression usually becomes much more severe during childhood and adolescence; PC usually manifests itself at the time of a growth spurt in the early teenage years.

The deformities frequently present not only as an aesthetic disturbance, but also in association with mild limitation of activity, obstructive pulmonary mechanics, slight dyspnea, asthma, palpitations and abnormal cardiac physiology. Symptoms in PC patients remain often vague. PC patients usually complain more about the appearance of their chest rather than any functional difficulties. Chest wall deformities cause great social timidity, a sense of shame and often a feeling of limited self-worth and inferiority, depressive mood and inadequate social behaviour due to their disturbed body perception.

The results the investigators want to achieve with postoperative PFTs will demonstrate an improvement in total lung capacity and improved exercise performance and will show that both the restricted cardiac stroke volume and the increased work of breathing that have been described in PE patients can be ameliorated by operative intervention. These results will also contribute establish the criteria for the indication for surgery. The significant quality-of-life improvements perceived in psychosocial and physical functioning will encourage physicians to approach PE repair in the same manner as physicians do treatment of other deformities that have a deleterious impact on the psychological and physical well-being of the individual. Systematic evaluation of body image should become a diagnostic standard in the assessment of patients presenting themselves for correction of thoracic wall deformities.
BACKGROUND: In the initial phase of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, masking has been widely accepted in healthcare institutions to mitigate the risk of healthcare-associated infection. Evidence, however, is still scant and the role of masks in preventing healthcare-associated SARS-CoV-2 acquisition remains unclear.We investigated the association of variation in institutional mask policies with healthcare-associated SARS-CoV-2 infections in acute care hospitals in Switzerland during the BA.4/5 2022 wave.
METHODS: SARS-CoV-2 infections in hospitalized patients between June 1 and September 5, 2022, were obtained from the "Hospital-based surveillance of COVID-19 in Switzerland"-database and classified as healthcare- or community-associated based on time of disease onset. Institutions provided information regarding institutional masking policies for healthcare workers and other prevention policies. The percentage of healthcare-associated SARS-CoV-2 infections was calculated per institution and per type of mask policy. The association of healthcare-associated SARS-CoV-2 infections with mask policies was tested using a negative binominal mixed-effect model.
RESULTS: We included 2'980 SARS-CoV-2 infections from 13 institutions, 444 (15%) were classified as healthcare-associated. Between June 20 and June 30, 2022, six (46%) institutions switched to a more stringent mask policy. The percentage of healthcare-associated infections subsequently declined in institutions with policy switch but not in the others. In particular, the switch from situative masking (standard precautions) to general masking of HCW in contact with patients was followed by a strong reduction of healthcare-associated infections (rate ratio 0.39, 95% CI 0.30-0.49). In contrast, when compared across hospitals, the percentage of health-care associated infections was not related to mask policies.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest switching to a more stringent mask policy may be beneficial during increases of healthcare-associated SARS-CoV-2 infections at an institutional level.
BACKGROUND: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. Its prevalence is increasing with the epidemic of obesity and metabolic syndrome. MASLD progression into metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and advanced fibrosis may lead to decompensated cirrhosis and development of liver-related events, hepatocellular carcinoma and death. Monitoring disease progression is critical in decreasing morbidity, mortality, need for transplant and economic burden. Assessing for treatment response once FDA-approved medications are available is still an unmet clinical need.
AIMS: To explore the most up-to-date literature on testing used for monitoring disease progression and treatment response METHODS: We searched PubMed from inception to 15 August 2023, using the following MeSH terms: 'MASLD', 'Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease', 'MASH', 'metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis', 'Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease', 'NAFLD', 'non-alcoholic steatohepatitis', 'NASH', 'Biomarkers', 'clinical trial'. Articles were also identified through searches of the authors' files. The final reference list was generated based on originality and relevance to this review's broad scope, considering only papers published in English.
RESULTS: We have cited 101 references in this review detailing methods to monitor MASLD disease progression and treatment response.
CONCLUSION: Various biomarkers can be used in different care settings to monitor disease progression. Further research is needed to validate noninvasive tests more effectively.
In this group, patient of age 40-60 years, ASA I/II, undergoing elective abdominal or gynecological surgery are chosen. Neuromuscular function prior to induction is assessed by acceleromyography by stimulation of ulnar nerve and noting the response of adductor pollicis. After induction and intubation, Sevoflurane is started to achieve the desired MAC of 1.0. Propofol infusion is started to keep BIS between 40-60.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A therapeutic preparation, and a process of using the preparation, for the control of tumor growth and infectious diseases. The preparation is an immobilized cytotoxic enzyme system which is carried by an insoluble substrate that is administered into the mammalian subject by injection or implantation. The preferred embodiment of the preparation uses a polymerized albumin carrier containing immobilized glucose oxidase and peroxidase. The immobilized enzyme system is prepared in the form of small particles that can be administered either by implantation or by injection into tumor-bearing mammals. To date, antibacterial activity has been demonstrated only in vitro. Intraperitoneal injection into rats bearing novikoff hepatomas or into mice bearing B16-Fl melanomas or L1210 (Lymphoid) tumors has resulted in the selected killing of tumor tissues. Several daily administrations are required to achieve complete destruction of the tumor. Additionally, the preparation is also active as a stimulant of the specific immune response to neoplasia. Its effect on the immune system could be useful in the stimulation of the immune system in diseases where the action of the endogenous immune system is insufficient.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of administering intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) as a boost during breast-conserving surgery (BCS) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients at high risk of breast cancer recurrence.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy received a single 20-Gy dose of IORT during BCS, followed by external beam radiotherapy 4-6 weeks after surgery.
RESULTS: The median follow-up duration was 31.0 months (range, 18.0-59.0 months). Initial tumor sizes had a median of 2.6 cm (range: 0.8-5.3 cm), reducing to 0.3 cm (range: 0-4.0 cm) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The most common neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen was doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, followed by paclitaxel (n=42, 73.7%). Among 57 patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy before BCS and IORT, 2 patients (3.5%) required secondary surgery to achieve negative resection margins due to initially positive margins. Regional lymph node irradiation was performed in 37 (64.9%) patients. There was no grade 3 or higher adverse events, with 4 patients (7.0%) experiencing grade 2 acute radiation dermatitis and 3 (5.3%) having less than grade 2 breast edema. Binary correlation analysis did not reveal statistically significant associations between applicator size or radiation therapy modality and the risk of treatment-related toxicity. Furthermore, chi-square analysis showed that the grade of treatment-related toxicity was not associated with the fractionated regimen (p=0.375).
CONCLUSION: Most patients successfully received IORT as a tumor bed boost after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Thus, IORT may be a safe and feasible option for patients with advanced-stage breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
The present application discloses a nail sticker, a composition for the nail sticker and a method for preparing the composition. Raw materials of the composition include a sizing material, which is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-85 parts of a UV thermosetting resin, 2-9 parts of a photoinitiator, 1.5-2 parts of a curing agent, 0.1-1 part of a thermal promoter, and 0.1-1 part of a leveling agent. Like baking delicious food, the nail sticker made of the composition according to the present application can undergo a fantastic physicochemical reaction under the action of light and heat. After the composition is cured in an accelerated manner, a formed film is plump and glossy with improved tenacity, hardness, weatherability and insulativity as well as high adhesion, and has an edge that is less liable to wrinkling and upwarping. Meanwhile, by adding a temperature-sensitive sustained-release essential oil microcapsule, the nail sticker made of the composition according to the present application can also release a pleasant aroma by persistently releasing essential oil via micropores in a capsule wall. The synchronization of the release of essential oil molecules with light/thermal curing also promotes the essential oil molecules to be diffused to the interior of the sizing material more uniformly in a wider range, and during the curing and film forming of the nail sticker, an aroma spreads as tantalizing as that of baked food.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a means for improving reproducibility of production of optical effects of spherical powder having the various kinds of favorable optical effects and at least two kinds of refractive indexes in the interior.  <P>SOLUTION: Platy powder such as mica is coated with spherical powder having the various kinds of favorable optical effects and at least the two kinds of refractive indexes in the interior. The resultant powder is then included in a cosmetic. Thereby, the reproducibility of the various kinds of the favorable optical effects is improved. Spherical powder having the refractive index with a gradient from the surface of the spherical powder toward the interior thereof is preferable as the spherical powder.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
After giving written informed consent, subjects will be evaluated for eligibility for enrollment in the study. Baseline evaluations will be performed as outlined in Section 7. Subjects who satisfy all inclusion and exclusion criteria will begin the study drug. Subjects will be monitored from the time of the medication administration until discharge from the transplant program for safety. Organ function and hematologic status will also be measured at 6 and 12 month follow-up visits.

Standard response criteria for AL amyloidosis hematologic and organ response will be used. Overall response rate will be measured and participants will be categorized into complete response, very good partial response, partial response and progressive disease. Progression free survival, organ response, and safety and tolerability of propylene glycol-free melphalan hydrochloride will be assessed.
Of the total number of subjects in clinical studies of TAMIFLU for the treatment of influenza, 19% were 65 and over, while 7% were 75 and over. Of the total number of patients in clinical studies of TAMIFLU for the prophylaxis of influenza, 25% were 65 and over, while 18% were 75 and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger subjects.

The safety of TAMIFLU in geriatric subjects has been established in clinical studies that enrolled 741 subjects (374 received placebo and 362 received TAMIFLU). Some seasonal variability was noted in the clinical efficacy outcomes [see Clinical Studies (14.1)].

Safety and efficacy have been demonstrated in elderly residents of nursing homes who took TAMIFLU for up to 42 days for the prevention of influenza. Many of these individuals had cardiac and/or respiratory disease, and most had received vaccine that season [see Clinical Studies (14.2)].