anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Following hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD), there is a decline in cognitive function; however, there are no effective treatment strategies for this condition in neonates. This study aimed to evaluate the role of the cluster of differentiation 200 (CD200)/CD200R1 axis in cognitive function following HIBD using an established model of HIBD in postnatal day 7 rats. Western blotting analysis was conducted to evaluate the protein expression levels of CD200, CD200R1, proteins associated with the PI3K/Akt-NF-κB pathway, and inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the hippocampus. Additionally, double-immunofluorescence labeling was utilized to evaluate M1 microglial polarization and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. To assess the learning and memory function of the experimental rats, the Morris water maze (MWM) test was conducted. HIBDleads to a decrease in the expression of CD200 and CD200R1 proteins in the neonatal rat hippocampus, while simultaneously increasing the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β proteins, ultimately resulting in cognitive impairment. The administration of CD200Fc, a fusion protein of CD200, was found to enhance the expression of p-PI3K and p-Akt, but reduce the expression of p-NF-κB. Additionally, CD200Fc inhibited M1 polarization of microglia, reduced neuroinflammation, improved hippocampal neurogenesis, and mitigated cognitive impairment caused by HIBD in neonatal rats. In contrast, blocking the interaction between CD200 and CD200R1 with the anti-CD200R1 antibody (CD200R1 Ab) exerted the opposite effect. Furthermore, the PI3K specific activator, 740Y-P, significantly increased the expression of p-PI3K and p-Akt, but reduced p-NF-κB expression. It also inhibited M1 polarization of microglia, reduced neuroinflammation, and improved hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function in neonatal rats with HIBD. Our findings illustrate that activation of the CD200/CD200R1 axis inhibits the NF-κB-mediated M1 polarization of microglia to improve HIBD-induced cognitive impairment and hippocampal neurogenesis disorder via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Use of at least one extract of brown algae of the genus Halidrys, alone or in combination with at least one other active agent for preparing a cosmetic or dermatological product for topical application to the skin, mucous membranes and/or dander, is claimed. An independent claim is included for cosmetic or dermatological composition for topical application to the skin, mucous membranes and/or dander, comprising the extract. ACTIVITY : Dermatological; Antiinflammatory. MECHANISM OF ACTION : Lipoxygenase inhibitor; Tyrosinase inhibitor; Tyrosinase-related protein 1 inhibitor; Melanogenesis inhibitor; Phosphodiesterase inhibitor; Elastase inhibitor; Collagenase inhibitor. The ability of the Halidrys siliquosaextract (5%) to inhibit tyrosinase was tested. The result showed that the percentage of tyrosinase inhibitory activity was 99%.
NEW MATERIAL:An immunoregulation substance FR900494 having the following properties. Appearance, white powder; molecular weight, 232; molecular formula, C8H12N2O6; melting point, 120-130 deg.C; solubility, easily soluble in water, hardly soluble in methanol and ethanol, insoluble in chloroform and acetone, etc.; color reaction, positive to iodine reaction and negative to ninhydrin reaction, etc. USE:Anti-activity agent against immunosuppressive factor. PREPARATION:A microbial strain belonging to Kitasatosporia genus and capable of producing immunoregulation substance FR900494 [i.e. Kitasatosporia kifunense No. 9482 strain (FERM P-8526)] is preparatorily cultured in a medium for actinomycete usually at 25-33 deg.C for several days preferably under agitation and is subjected to main cultivation in a large amount of nutrient medium usually at 25-33 deg.C for several days. The objective substance can be separated from the culture liquid by well-known means.
BACKGROUND: Female genital fistula is a traumatic debilitating injury, frequently caused by prolonged obstructed labor, affecting between 500,000-2 million women in lower-resource settings. Vesicovaginal fistula causes urinary incontinence, and other morbidity may occur during fistula development. Women with fistula are stigmatized, limit social and economic engagement, and experience psychiatric morbidity. Improved surgical access has reduced fistula consequences yet post-repair risks impacting quality of life and well-being include fistula repair breakdown or recurrence and ongoing or changing urine leakage or incontinence. Limited evidence on risk factors contributing to adverse outcomes hinders interventions to mitigate adverse events. This study aims to quantify these adverse risks and inform clinical and counseling interventions to optimize women's health and quality of life following fistula repair through: identifying predictors and characteristics of post-repair fistula breakdown and recurrence (Objective 1) and post-repair incontinence (Objective 2), and to identify feasible and acceptable intervention strategies (Objective 3).
METHODS: This mixed-methods study incorporates a prospective cohort of women with successful vesicovaginal fistula repair at approximately 12 fistula repair centers in Uganda (Objectives 1-2) followed by qualitative inquiry among key stakeholders (Objective 3). Cohort participants will have a baseline visit at the time of surgery followed by data collection at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months and quarterly thereafter for 3 years. Primary predictors to be evaluated include patient-related factors, fistula-related factors, fistula repair-related factors, and post-repair behaviors and exposures, collected via structured questionnaire at all data collection points. Clinical exams will be conducted at baseline, 2 weeks post-surgery, and for outcome confirmation at symptom development. Primary outcomes are fistula repair breakdown or fistula recurrence and post-repair incontinence. In-depth interviews will be conducted with cohort participants (n ~ 40) and other key stakeholders (~ 40 including family, peers, community members and clinical/social service providers) to inform feasibility and acceptability of recommendations.
DISCUSSION: Participant recruitment is underway. This study is expected to identify key predictors that can directly improve fistula repair and post-repair programs and women's outcomes, optimizing health and quality of life. Furthermore, our study will create a comprehensive longitudinal dataset capable of supporting broad inquiry into post-fistula repair health. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05437939.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Bronchitis is a respiratory disease characterized by a productive cough. Polygala tenuifolia Willd., commonly known as Yuan zhi, is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used for relieving cough and removing phlegm. Despite its historical use, studies are lacking on the effectiveness of P. tenuifolia in treating bronchitis. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of its bioactive compounds remain unknown.
AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aims to identify the main bioactive compounds responsible for the effects of P. tenuifolia liquid extract (PLE) in treating bronchitis and to elucidate the associated molecular mechanisms.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The main chemical compounds in PLE were identified and determined using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The antitussive, expectorant and anti-inflammatory activities of PLE were evaluated in an ammonia-induced mouse cough model, a tracheal phenol red excretion mouse model, and a xylene-induced ear swelling mouse model, respectively. A network pharmacology analysis was conducted to investigate the associated gene targets, gene ontology, and KEGG pathways related to the main bioactives in PLE targeting bronchitis. PLE and its five bioactive compounds were assessed for their potential anti-inflammatory activities in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Western blot analysis was conducted to elucidate the associated molecular mechanisms.
RESULTS: Thirty-seven compounds in PLE were identified, and twelve main compounds were further quantified in PLE using UPLC-MS/MS. PLE oral gavage administrations (0.6 and 0.12 mg/kg) for 7 days markedly reduced cough frequency, prolonged latency period of cough, reduced phlegm and inflammation in mice. The network pharmacology analysis identified 57 gene targets of PLE against bronchitis. The PI3K/AKT and MAPK signalling pathways were the top two modulated pathways. In RAW264.7 cells, PLE (12.5-50 μg/mL) significantly reduced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. PLE downregulated LPS-elevated protein targets in both PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. In PLE, tenuifolin, polygalaxanthone ⅠⅠⅠ, polygalasaponin ⅩⅩⅤⅢ, tenuifoliside B, and 3,6'-Disinapoyl sucrose, were identified as the top five core components responsible for treating bronchitis. These compounds were also found to modulate the protein targets in the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signalling pathways.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the potential therapeutic effects of PLE on bronchitis by reducing cough, phlegm and inflammation. The anti-inflammatory action and molecular mechanisms of the 5 main bioactive compounds in PLE were partly validated through the in vitro assays. The findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying the traditional use of PLE for bronchitis.
Atherosclerosis involves an inflammatory response due to plaque formation within the arteries, which can lead to ischemic stroke and heart disease. It is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with various contributing factors such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and smoking. Wall shear stress (WSS) is also known as a contributing factor of the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Since the causes of atherosclerosis cannot be attributed to a single factor, clearly understanding the mechanisms and causes of its occurrence is crucial for preventing the disease and developing effective treatment strategies. To better understand atherosclerosis and define the correlation between various contributing factors, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is primarily used. CFD simulates WSS, the frictional force caused by blood flow on the vessel wall with various hemodynamic changes. Using apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-KO) mice subjected to partial ligation and a high-fat diet at 1-week, 2-week, and 4-week intervals as an atherosclerosis model, CFD analysis was conducted along with the reconstruction of carotid artery blood flow via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and compared to the inflammatory factors and pathological staining. In this experiment, a comparative analysis of the effects of high WSS and low WSS was conducted by comparing the standard deviation of time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) at each point within the vessel wall. As a novel approach, the standard deviation of TAWSS within the vessel was analyzed with the staining results and pathological features. Since the onset of atherosclerosis cannot be explained by a single factor, the aim was to find the correlation between the thickness of atherosclerotic plaques and inflammatory factors through standard deviation analysis. As a result, the gap between low WSS and high WSS widened as the interval between weeks in the atherosclerosis mouse model increased. This finding not only linked the occurrence of atherosclerosis to WSS differences but also provided a connection to the causes of vulnerable plaques.
78 patients were enrolled according to the inclusion criterion. They were randomized into two groups, 40 were in DHEA group and 38 were in control group. The DHEA group received DHEA (Lab Hercules™) 25mg three times a day continuing more than 12 weeks prior to the start of IVF treatment till the day of egg collection and the control group got without any DHEA treatment. All of the IVF women patients were given CC(clomifene citrate)+HMG(human menopausal gonadotropin) protocol for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. Hormonal profile including E2(estradiol),FSH(follicle-stimulating hormone) ,P(progesterone) ,LH (luteinizing hormone),T(testosterone),AFC(antral follicle account),serum and follicle AMH(anti-Mullerian hormone)levels will be repeated in follicular phase (D2 or 3) of cycle followed by an IVF treatment using CC+HMG protocol based on our standard departmental regimen. Improvement of ovarian reserve markers would be assessed by the change in serum and follicle AMH levels. Cycle characteristics including the dose of gonadotrophins use, duration of stimulation, number of oocytes obtained, number of fertilized embryos and good quality embryos will be recorded and follicular fluid will be saved for the test of DHEA-S(Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) and IGF-I. BMP-15 and GDF-9 expression in the follicular fluid were detected with western blot.
BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia and hypoalbuminemia have been identified as independent predictors of increased adverse outcomes, including mortality and readmissions, in hospitalized older adults with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). However, the impact of coexisting sarcopenia and hypoalbuminemia on morbidity and death in adults with ADHF has not yet been investigated. We aimed to investigate the combined effects of lower muscle mass (LMM) as a surrogate for sarcopenia and hypoalbuminemia on in-hospital and postdischarge outcomes of patients hospitalized for ADHF.
METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 385 patients admitted for ADHF between 2017 and 2020 at a single institution were retrospectively identified. Demographic and clinical data were collected, including serum albumin levels at admission and discharge. Skeletal muscle indices were derived from semi-automated segmentation software analysis on axial chest computed tomography at the twelfth vertebral level. Our analysis revealed that patients who had LMM with admission hypoalbuminemia experienced increased diagnoses of infection and delirium with longer hospital length of stay and more frequent discharge to a facility. Upon discharge, 27.9% of patients had higher muscle mass without discharge hypoalbuminemia (reference group), 9.7% had LMM without discharge hypoalbuminemia, 38.4% had higher muscle mass with discharge hypoalbuminemia, and 24.0% had LMM with discharge hypoalbuminemia; mortality rates were 37.6%, 51.4%, 48.9%, and 63.2%, respectively. 1- and 3-year mortality risks were highest in those with LMM and discharge hypoalbuminemia; this relationship remained significant over a median 23.6 (3.1-33.8) months follow-up time despite multivariable adjustments (hazard ratio, 2.03 [95% CI, 1.31-3.16]; P=0.002).
CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalization with ADHF, LMM, and hypoalbuminemia portend heightened mortality risk.
It is a randomized, double blind study, involving 40 adult female patients submitted to general anesthesia. The patients were distributed into 2 groups: remifentanil-propofol-based anesthesia and remifentanil-desflurane-based anesthesia groups. Bispectral index (BIS) monitoring guided the anesthesia by setting target BIS range value between 40 and 60. Anesthetics were adjusted to reached that. Primary outcome was: extubation time (time from anesthetic discontinuation to endotracheal tube cuff). Secondary measured outcomes: intra-operative cardiovascular drug use; time to follow command before extubation; protective airway reflex recovery time after extubation. Protective airway reflex test recovery was performed at predetermined time intervals (2, 6, 14, 22 and 30 minutes) from the time to follow a standard command until the first demonstrated ability to swallow 20 ml of water in an upright position.Post-anesthesia care unit recovery data were also recorded: Ramsay sedation scale; vital signs, post-operative pain; morphine consumption.
Vitiligo is an autoimmune skin condition that can have a profound psychosocial impact on patients. Vitiligo is caused by an immune-mediated destruction of melanocytes, or the cells responsible for producing melanin, which gives the skin its pigment. There are safe and effective treatments for vitiligo, which should be selected based on disease subtype, the percentage of body surface area involved, patient preference, and the impact of the disease on a patient's quality of life. Treatment aims to stabilize depigmented lesions, reduce disease progression and stimulate repigmentation. The current therapies available include topical and systemic immunosuppressants, phototherapy and surgical techniques.

The autologous transplantation of hair follicles has the ability to treat hairless areas by introducing follicular stem cells to an area of skin that would otherwise not respond to current treatment options. The potential to treat glabrous areas is of particular relevance for this technique, and the question proposed in this study is whether the same procedure of follicular hair transplant that has been previously safely and successfully used to treat segmental/stable vitiligo in hair bearing areas can applied to treat vitiligo in glabrous skin.
The middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion (MCAO/R) model is crucial for understanding the pathological mechanisms of stroke and for drug development.However, among the commonly used modeling methods, the Koizumi method often faces scrutiny due to its ligation of the common carotid artery (CCA) and its inability to achieve adequate reperfusion. Similarly, the Longa method has been criticized for disconnecting and ligating the external carotid artery (ECA). This study aims to introduce a modified model preparation method that preserves the integrity of the ECA, involves inserting a monofilament nylon suture through the CCA, repairing the ligated CCA incision, and maintaining reperfusion from the CCA. Reperfusion of blood flow was confirmed using laser speckle flow imaging. Evaluation methods such as the Longa scale, Modified Neurological Severity Score, triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, and immunofluorescence labeling of neurons demonstrated that this approach could induce stable ischemic nerve damage. This modified MCAO/R model protocol is simple and stable, providing valuable guidance for practitioners in the field of cerebral ischemia.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stress-mitigating agent with no such a problem that liking differs depending on a person using it as the case with fragrances.  <P>SOLUTION: The stress-mitigating agent is such as to be obtained by cooling a gas generated by heating water blended with raw tea leaves at a temperature lower than the boiling point of the water. A second version of the stress-mitigating agent is such as to be obtained by cooling a gas generated by heating raw tea leaves at a temperature lower than the boiling point of the water contained in the raw tea leaves. A third version of the stress-mitigating agent is such as to be obtained by carrying a carrier with leaf alcohol and/or leaf aldehyde extracted from either one of the stress-mitigating agents. A method for producing the stress-mitigating agent is also provided, comprising evaporating to dryness a mixture prepared by adding, as necessary, water to either one of the stress-mitigating agents followed by mixing a cyclodextrin.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
BACKGROUND: Parental feeding practices (PFPs) play a key role in fostering preschoolers' dietary habits and in mitigating the risk of childhood obesity. Nevertheless, parents often employ inappropriate feeding practices, leading to children's potential nutrition-related issues. Thus, research is needed to inform interventions that focus on optimizing feeding practices.
METHODS: This protocol describes the evaluation of a novel intervention-Empowering Parents to Optimize Feeding Practices (EPO-Feeding Program). The program will be evaluated with a two-arm feasibility randomized controlled trial (RCT) in Yangzhou, China. The program includes four weekly group-based training sessions led by healthcare professionals for parents of preschool children. The intervention incorporates sessions, group discussions, motivational interviewing, and supplementary materials (e.g., key messages and educational videos) aimed at enhancing parents' knowledge, skills, and behaviours related to feeding practices. The primary outcomes include i) implementation feasibility, primarily assessed through retention rates; and ii) program acceptability through a survey and qualitative process evaluation. Secondary outcomes encompass the potential impacts on i) PFPs, ii) parental perception of child weight (PPCW), iii) parenting sense of competence, iv) children's eating behaviours, and v) child weight status. Quantitative analyses include descriptive estimates for evaluating the feasibility and linear mixed regression analysis for testing the potential effects. Qualitative valuation will use thematic framework analysis.
DISCUSSION: If this study shows this program to be feasible to implement and acceptable to parents, it will be used to inform a fully powered trial to determine its effectiveness. The research will also help inform policy and practices in the context of child nutrition promotion, particularly regarding implementing group-based training sessions by healthcare providers in similar settings.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov, Protocol #NCT06181773, 20/11/2023.
Hydromorphone 1mg, administered as intravenous drip over 5 minutes. Patients can receive second 1mg dose at 1 hour.
The petals of ornamental plants such as roses (Rosa spp.) are the most economically important organs. This delicate, short-lived plant tissue is highly susceptible to pathogens, in large part because the walls of petal cells are typically thinner and more flexible compared with leaf cells, allowing the petals to fold and bend without breaking. The cell wall is a dynamic structure that rapidly alters its composition in response to pathogen infection, thereby reinforcing its stability and boosting plant resistance against diseases. However, little is known about how dynamic changes in the cell wall contribute to resistance to Botrytis cinerea in rose petals. Here, we show that the B. cinerea-induced transcription factor RhbZIP17 is required for the defense response of rose petals. RhbZIP17 is associated with phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and binds to the promoter of the lignin biosynthesis gene RhCAD1, activating its expression. Lignin content showed a significant increase under gray mold infection compared with the control. RhCAD1 functions in the metabolic regulation of lignin production and, consequently, disease resistance, as revealed by transient silencing and overexpression in rose petals. The WRKY transcription factor RhWRKY30 is also required to activate RhCAD1 expression and enhance resistance against B. cinerea. We propose that RhbZIP17 and RhWRKY30 increase lignin biosynthesis, improve the resistance of rose petals to B. cinerea, and regulate RhCAD1 expression.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To objectively and readily select a proper cosmetic by using the nonuniformity of skin color and the skin form as indices. SOLUTION: A cosmetic (preferably a basic cosmetic) is selected by using the nonuniformity of skin color and the skin form as indices. The nonuniformity of the skin color is preferably the existing state of melanin and/or the irregular color and the existing state of the melanin is preferably indicated by the amount of the existing melanin in keratinocytes and the nonuniformity of the existence in the keratinocytes. The evaluation of the irregular color is preferably carried out by comparing irregular color models prepared by computer morphing with an irregular color model photograph. The evaluation weighting ratio as the indices is preferably 0.6-0.8 irregular color for 0.2-0.4 existing state of the melanin.  Furthermore, the skin form is preferably evaluated by using the disturbance (preferably discriminated by the presence or absence of directionality) in the texture of facial skin (preferably the skin between the corners of the eyes and cheeks) as the index and further using a replica specimen.