anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a primary complication observed in diabetes that severely affects quality of life. Recent evidence suggests that photobiomodulation (PBM) is a promising therapy against painful conditions and nerve damage. However, the effects of PBM on DPN remains mostly unknown. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of PBM therapy in modulating proinflammatory cytokine expression in both central and peripheral nervous systems of rats with Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes. Male Wistar rats were allocated into control (naïve), diabetic (STZ), and treatment (STZ + PBM) groups. A single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of STZ (85 mg/kg) was administered for the induction of diabetes. Animals were subjected to 10 treatment sessions, every other day. The results herein presented indicate that PBM treatment diminishes Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE) and Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-ϰB) expression in peripheral nervous system and suppresses TNF-α expression in central nervous system tissues. Furthermore, PBM-therapy in diabetic rats also induces increased levels of the anti-inflammatory protein IL-10 in both peripheral and central nervous system. Collectively, our findings demonstrate compelling evidence that PBM-therapy modulates cytokine dynamics and influences RAGE/NF-ϰB axis in a STZ-induced model of type 1 diabetes.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new method for measuring activity of one or more cycline-dependent kinases(CDKs) in a sample based on quantification of a CDK- phosphorylated Rb protein. SOLUTION: The measuring method of the activity of the cycline-dependent kinase includes following steps. (1) The sample is brought into contact with an anti-retinoblastoma protein (Rb) capture antibody recognizing specifically the CDK-phosphorylated Rb. (2) The capture antibody-Rb complex is brought into contact with an anti-Rb primary antibody, and the capture antibody-Rb- primary antibody complex is isolated. (3) The primary antibody existing in the capture antibody-Rb-primary antibody complex is quantified, to thereby measure the quantity of the CDK-phosphorylated Rb in the sample. The method can be used for evaluating the intracellular CDK activity in a cultivated cell or in a cell collected from an animal. A method for identifying an active substance for adjusting the CDK activity is also disclosed.
FIELD: medicine, cosmetology. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes the natural complex of collagenolytic proteinases isolated from digestive organs of hydrobionts as an active component of the cosmetic agent. In the first variant cosmetic agent has the collagenolytic complex and also stabilizing agent, perfume, surface-active substances, pigment and solvent taken at the required ratio of components. An agent has substances isolated from digestive organs of crustacean, mollusks, echinoderms and coelenterata animals as an active component. The second variant has the same components indicated above but involves also biological additions enhancing the effect of an active component. An agent can be made in any pharmaceutical form: ointment, cream, gel, aerosol, lotion, shampoo and so on. Invention can be used in cosmetic and aesthetic medicine and designated for care with problem and wilting skin, for wrinkle prophylaxis, for pigment spots removing and for prevention of scars and keloid seams formation. EFFECT: improved cleansing effectiveness of an agent, improved skin nutrition and regeneration, significant rejuvenating effect. 7 cl, 8 ex
Neonatal Jaundice is a common occurrence in neonates. High excess bilirubin would lead to hyperbilirubinemia, leading to irreversible adverse damage such as kernicterus. Therefore, it is necessary and important to monitor neonates' bilirubin levels in real-time for immediate intervention. However, current screening protocols have their inherent limitations, necessitating more convenient measurements. In this proof-of-concept study, we evaluated the feasibility of using machine learning for the screening of hyperbilirubinemia in neonates from smartphone-acquired photographs. Different machine learning models were compared and evaluated to gain a better understanding of feature selection and model performance in bilirubin determination. An in vitro study was conducted with a bilirubin-containing tissue phantom to identify potential biological and environmental confounding factors. The findings of this study present a systematic characterization of the confounding effect of various factors through separate parametric tests. These tests uncover potential techniques in image pre-processing, highlighting important biological features (light scattering property and skin thickness) and external features (ISO, lighting conditions and white balance), which together contribute to robust model approaches for accurately determining bilirubin concentrations. By obtaining an accuracy of 0.848 in classification and 0.812 in regression, these findings indicate strong potential in aiding in the design of clinical studies using patient-derived images.
The era of modern antiretroviral therapy (ART) has markedly improved health and survival among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH). In the pre-ART era, wasting was associated with HIV disease progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and death. Effective ART has reduced the prevalence and incidence of this pre-ART form of HIV-associated wasting. However, a subgroup of ART-treated virally suppressed PWH continue to lose weight, often accompanied by aging-related comorbidities and/or functional deficits. For this subgroup of patients, the older definition of HIV-associated wasting (HIVAW) cannot and should not be applied. An expert panel comprising the authors of this white paper convened to review the existing definition of HIVAW and to create an updated definition that they termed HIV-associated weight loss, based on clinically defined parameters among contemporary PWH receiving ART. Here, clinical features and laboratory biomarkers associated with HIV-associated weight loss are reviewed and approaches to screening and treatment are considered. Available management approaches, including the use of current US Food and Drug Administration-approved medications for HIVAW and other available therapies are discussed. The expert panel also identified knowledge gaps and provided recommendations for clinicians, payers, and researchers.
Pharmacist evaluates patient prior to discharge and a nurse navigator contacts patient 72 hours after discharge. Patient receives educational packet and a blue tooth enabled BP monitor with an iPad. A video telehealth visit occurs 7 days after discharge attended by a nurse practitioner (NP) or MD , social worker (SW), and pharmacist. The NP and pharmacist review the BP data to determine the need for medication adjustment. The SW assesses the need for resources. BP is reviewed via an online portal every 2 weeks until average BP is \< 130/80mmHg, then monthly. Uncontrolled BP prompts a call from the pharmacist to discuss medication adherence and titration. Subsequent video telehealth visits occur 1 month, 3 months, and 5 months after enrollment.
A new protein contains a polypeptide contg. a site which combines with protein-A antibody, together with a lymphotoxin polypeptide. The sequence of the protein is given (440 amino-acid residues). Also claimed are a DNA sequence coding for the protein, a plasmid (pPRALT-1) incorporating the DNA sequence; E. coli transformants contg. plasmid pPRALT-1; and the prodn. of the new protein by culture of the transformant organisms.
BACKGROUND: Treatment with opioids is a mainstay in perioperative pain management. While the leading treatment paradigm has been procedure-specific pain management, efforts regarding personalized pain treatment are increasing. The OPI•AID project aims to develop personalized algorithms for perioperative pain management, taking demographic, surgical, and anaesthesiologic factors into account. We will undertake five parallel reviews to illuminate current evidence on different aspects of individual responses to perioperative opioid treatment.
METHODS: Inclusion of adult populations in English-written studies. Review-specific searches are developed for the following databases: CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, clinicaltrials.gov, and clinicaltrial.eu. Two authors will independently screen citations, extract data, and assess the risks of bias in each review (QUIPS, PROBAST and RoB2, as relevant).
CONCLUSION: These reviews will evaluate various aspects of perioperative opioid treatment, including individualized treatment strategies, selection of specific opioids, and individual patient responses. These will guide future development of a personalized perioperative opioid treatment algorithm (OPI•AID) that will be validated and tested clinically against standard of care.
Patients will receive celebrex (1 piece/day, 0.2mg/piece, Pfizer Pharmaceuticals Ltd) until obvious side effects. In addition, patients will receive metformin (1 piece/bid, 250 mg/piece) until obvious side effects.
The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the soft tissue dimensional changes after extraction of teeth in the esthetic zone, when combined with the placement of implants into these fresh extraction sockets. In addition, the effect of placing a graft material, such as Bio-Oss Collagen® into the gap between implant and the labial plate of bone will be evaluated after an immediately loaded provisional restoration is placed. 32 subjects will have an immediate dental implant placed in the maxillary anterior region (#4-12) after extraction of a hopeless tooth. 16 subjects will be randomly selected to receive Bio-Oss Collagen® (Test group) and 16 subjects will have no graft (Control group) in the gap between the implant and the labial plate of bone. Hopeless maxillary anterior teeth will be extracted and implants will be placed in a flapless procedure. Implants will be immediately loaded with provisional restorations once determined that the implant is stable. Changes in vertical height and horizontal dimensional changes of the free gingival margins will be evaluated at 3, 6, and 12 months post-immediate implant placement.
PURPOSE: We aimed to investigate the visual recovery time in patients with ethambutol-induced toxic optic neuropathy (EON) and identify the factors associated with the visual recovery time.
METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed the medical records of 35 eyes from 35 patients with EON. Visual recovery was defined as a gain of three or more lines from the nadir.
RESULTS: Patients were observed following discontinuation of ethambutol (EMB), with the mean follow-up period of 21.0 ± 16.0 months. The visual acuity at nadir was logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution 1.4 ± 0.4, and the final visual acuity was logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution 0.6 ± 0.5. Twenty-seven eyes (77.1%) showed significant visual recovery. In Kaplan-Meier survival, the mean estimated time for visual recovery was 15.2 ± 3.0 months, and 50% of the patients experienced visual recovery at 8.3 ± 2.2 months following EMB discontinuation. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified several significant risk factors for delayed visual recovery, including duration of EMB medication ≤6 months, period from symptom onset to EMB discontinuation >14 days, and baseline peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness >98 μm.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicated a mean time of visual recovery of 15 months for EON cases. Therefore, patients diagnosed with EON should be followed up for more than 1 to 2 years to evaluate their visual recovery. Delayed EMB discontinuation, short duration of EMB use, and initial peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickening were associated with delayed visual recovery. Therefore, patients taking EMB should be followed up regularly for early detection of EON and immediate discontinuation of EMB to prevent severe damage to the optic nerve.
The invention relates to an anti-gout composition, a preparation method and an application thereof in the preparation of anti-gout drugs, and the composition comprises the following pharmaceutical raw materials by weight ratio: 160-220 parts of Indian iphigenia bulb, 120-180 parts of rhubarb or Chinese paris rhizome, 100-150 parts of garden balsam stem and 3-8 parts of borneol or menthol. The optimized weight ratio is as follows: 180 parts of Lijiang Indian iphigenia bulb, 150 parts of rhubarb or Chinese paris rhizome, 120 parts of garden balsam stem and 5 parts of borneol or menthol. The pharmaceutical raw materials are prepared into 1000ml or 1000g. The further optimization is that the pharmaceutical raw materials comprise the rhubarb or the Chinese paris rhizome, extracts of the Lijiang Indian iphigenia bulb and the garden balsam stem and solution of the borneol or the menthol. The invention further provides the preparation method of the anti-gout composition and the application of the anti-gout composition in the preparation of the anti-gout drugs. The invention provides the effective anti-gout traditional Chinese medicine composition for making up for the deficiency that the prior art is lack of the anti-gout drugs prepared by traditional Chinese medicine. The anti-gout composition can obtain better anti-gout treatment effect.
BACKGROUND: High-protein diets are often enriched with branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) known to enhance protein synthesis and provide numerous physiological benefits, but recent studies reveal their association with obesity and diabetes. In support of this, protein or BCAA supplementation is shown to disrupt glucose metabolism while restriction improves it. However, it is not clear if these are primary, direct effects of BCAAs or secondary to other physiological changes during chronic manipulation of dietary BCAAs.
METHODS: Three-month-old C57Bl/6 mice were acutely treated with either vehicle/BCAAs or BT2, a BCAA-lowering compound, and detailed in vivo metabolic phenotyping, including frequent sampling and pancreatic clamps, were conducted.
RESULTS: Using a catheter-guided frequent sampling method in mice, here we show that a single infusion of BCAAs was sufficient to acutely elevate blood glucose and plasma insulin. While pre-treatment with BCAAs did not affect glucose tolerance, a constant infusion of BCAAs during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps impaired whole-body insulin sensitivity. Similarly, a single injection of BT2 was sufficient to prevent BCAA rise during fasting and markedly improve glucose tolerance in high-fat-fed mice, suggesting that abnormal glycemic control in obesity may be causally linked to high circulating BCAAs. We further show that chemogenetic over-activation of AgRP neurons in the hypothalamus, as present in obesity, significantly impairs glucose tolerance that is completely normalized by acute BCAA reduction. Interestingly, most of these effects were demonstrated only in male, but not in female mice.
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that BCAAs per se can acutely impair glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, thus offering an explanation for how they may disrupt glucose metabolism in the long-term as observed in obesity and diabetes. Our findings also reveal that AgRP neuronal regulation of blood glucose is mediated through BCAAs, further elucidating a novel mechanism by which brain controls glucose homeostasis.
Thoracic back pain is a common site for inflammatory, neoplastic, metabolic, infectious, and degenerative conditions, and may be associated with significant disability and morbidity. Uncomplicated acute thoracic back pain and/or radiculopathy does not typically warrant imaging. Imaging may be considered in those patients who have persistent pain despite 6 weeks of conservative treatment. Early imaging may also be warranted in patients presenting with "red flag" history or symptoms, including those with a known or suspected history of cancer, infection, immunosuppression, or trauma; in myelopathic patients; or in those with a history of prior thoracic spine fusion. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision process support the systematic analysis of the medical literature from peer reviewed journals. Established methodology principles such as Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE are adapted to evaluate the evidence. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method User Manual provides the methodology to determine the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures for specific clinical scenarios. In those instances where peer reviewed literature is lacking or equivocal, experts may be the primary evidentiary source available to formulate a recommendation.
This is a Phase 1, multicenter, open-label, dose-finding, PK and PD study of XRD-0394 in subjects with metastatic, locally advanced, or recurrent cancer receiving palliative RT. The study will evaluate single-dose PK of XRD-0394 administered to serial cohorts of subjects with the intent of identifying an oral dose that achieves plasma drug concentrations within a specified therapeutic range. Once target plasma concentrations of XRD-0394 are reached, one or more PD cohorts of subjects will be enrolled in order to demonstrate inhibition of radiation-induced ATM activity in tumor biopsy samples from subjects who received the selected dose(s).

Single Dose Escalation: Eligible subjects will be enrolled in serial cohorts to evaluate the PK of single ascending doses of XRD-0394. Dose escalation of XRD-0394 will proceed based on a standard 3+3 design. The starting dose of XRD-0394 will be 40 mg, followed by planned doses of 80 mg and 160 mg. Following administration of a single-dose of XRD-0394 and completion of RT, subjects will be evaluated for the occurrence of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs). The available PK and safety data for each cohort will be reviewed at the conclusion of the DLT evaluation period before the decision to escalate to the next dose is made. The evaluation of additional doses of XRD-0394 will be determined based on the safety and PK data collected at completed dose levels. Dose escalation may continue until the objectives of the study are met and/or the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of XRD-0394 is reached. PK samples for measurement of plasma concentrations of XRD-0394 will be collected pre-dose and at specified time points following XRD-0394 administration. Safety and tolerability of each XRD-0394 dose level will be evaluated by assessment of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), DLTs, and discontinuations due to TEAEs. A Safety Monitoring Committee (SMC) will be used during the study to monitor subject safety and evaluate potential DLTs.

Pharmacodynamic Assessment: The dose identified to produce plasma drug concentrations of XRD-0394 within a targeted therapeutic range will be further evaluated in separate PD cohort(s) of subjects. Subjects enrolled in a PD cohort must have a target tumor with a soft tissue component that is accessible for biopsy and must agree to undergo 1 biopsy during their RT regimen. PK samples for measurement of plasma concentrations of XRD-0394 will be collected from all subjects at pre-dose and at specified time points after XRD-0394 administration. Safety and tolerability of XRD-0394 will be evaluated by assessment of TEAEs.
INTRODUCTION: fixation of unstable intertrochanteric fractures presents a significant challenge, especially in the context of osteoporosis. Intramedullary implants have been established as superior to plate constructs. Our aim is to compare the complications and clinical outcomes of the Proximal Femur Nail (PFN) and Proximal Femur Nail Antirotation-2 (PFNA2) in managing unstable intertrochanteric fractures.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: a total of 212 patients meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria underwent fixation of trochanteric fractures using either a standard PFN (n = 110) or PFNA2 (n = 102). Their intraoperative and postoperative clinical and radiographic data were evaluated along with the quality of fixation. Data analysis was performed using the student's t-test, 2 test, and Mann-Whitney U test.
RESULTS: PFNA2 demonstrated more favorable outcomes compared to PFN in terms of a better intraoperative profile, functional outcomes (PFNA2: PFN = 82:75), and fewer implant-related complications. Significant issues in the PFN group included screw back-out, guidewire breakage, and proximal protrusion of the nail tip. In contrast, locking mechanism failure and lateral screw prominence were significant problems in the PFNA2 group.
CONCLUSION: PFNA2 is the preferred implant for managing osteoporotic unstable intertrochanteric fractures, given the bone's weak inherent tendency to secure the implant.
Neutrophil infiltration plays a key role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). However, pertinent mechanisms remain poorly elucidated. Here, we obtained the data from gene expression omnibus (GEO) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to identify and validate neutrophil-associated hub genes in CRSwNP. We found that four neutrophil-associated hub genes, namely ICAM1, IL-1β, TYROBP, and BCL2A1, were markedly upregulated and positively correlated with neutrophil infiltration levels in patients with CRSwNP. Subsequently, this was confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR. In conclusion, we identified the role of neutrophil infiltration in the pathophysiology of CRSwNP, which may be the potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of CRSwNP.
INTRODUCTION: Buccal midazolam (buc MDL) is the first buccal mucosal delivery formulation applied for status epilepticus in Japan. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness and adverse events of buc MDL as a pre-hospital treatment for epileptic seizures in real-world clinical practice.
METHODS: This study involved a retrospective review based on medical records. We included children who received buc MDL as pre-hospital treatment for epileptic seizures and were subsequently transported to the emergency department between April 2021 and November 2023.
RESULTS: This study included 26 patients (136 episodes). The overall efficacy rate, which was defined as seizure cessation within 10 min after buc MDL administration with no recurrence within 30 min, was 43 %. Moreover, 70 % of the episodes did not require additional medications. None of the episodes required bag-mask ventilation or intubation following seizure cessation with buc MDL alone. The efficacy was decreased when buc MDL was administered longer than 15 min from seizure onset. Furthermore, the efficacy did not decrease as long as it was within 0.2-0.5 mg/kg, even if the dose was smaller than the appropriate dose for the specific age.
CONCLUSIONS: The response rate was significantly higher in episodes where buc MDL was administered within 15 min. Additionally, there was no concern regarding respiratory depression with buc MDL alone.