anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention discloses asparagus antihypertensive peptide and application thereof in preparing antihypertensive drugs. The antihypertensive peptide is obtained by enzymolysis of asparagus extract, the extract is further separated and purified to obtain a polypeptide with a specific sequence, the amino acid sequence of the antihypertensive peptide is Phe-Gln-Ile-Asn- [ Met (O)) ] -Cys-Ile-Leu-Arg (FQIN [ M (O)) ] CILR), and the mass spectrum identification molecular weight is 1153.43Da. The asparagus antihypertensive peptide screened by the invention has obvious angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory activity. In vitro, temperature, pH, simulated gastrointestinal digestion and stability to Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) degradation. Enzyme kinetic studies show that the polypeptide is a noncompetitive inhibitor of ACE. Has good antihypertensive effect in vitro and in vivo of non-Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats (SHRs), and can be used for preparing medicines related to hypertension treatment.
The enrolled patient (atypical endometrial hyperplasia with contraindication of oral high dose progesterone) is allocated to either GnRH-a+ LNG-IUS or only LNG-IUS by randomization. Continuous treatment for 3 months is one cycle. Hysteroscopic evaluation and biopsy will procedure every cycle. Patients with partial response or in stable condition, after 2 cycles, will receive continuous treatment for one more cycle again. Patients with complete response after 2 or 3 cycles are encouraged to pregnancy. The consideration of giving up fertility-sparing treatment is recommended: 1) if patient have documented progression on the biopsies; 2) if EAH is still present after 3 cycles.
The patients received aspirin in a dose of 100 mg and ketorolac 90 mg orally daily. The drugs were prescribed from the second day of the operation for 5 days.
The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the connection between OSA risk and CRS by investigating associations between the STOP-Bang questionnaire and presence of CRS in a nationwide, population-based study. This is a cross-sectional study based on the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We evaluated 10,081 subjects who completed both the STOP-Bang and CRS-related questionnaires. Among the total subjects, 390 (3.9%) were CRS patients. The median STOP-Bang score was 3.0 [2.0; 4.0] in CRS patients, compared to 2.0 [1.0; 3.0] in subjects without CRS. In a low-risk group according to the STOP-Bang questionnaire, 3.1% of subjects were CRS patients. However, a gradual increase was observed among different risk groups. In the higher risk group, CRS patients accounted for 5.3% (P < 0.001). Among the four main symptoms of CRS (nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, facial pain/pressure, and decreased sense of smell), nasal obstruction (4.1 to 7.3%) and a decreased sense of smell (1.9 to 3.3%) increased with higher STOP-Bang scores. This study found that the proportion of patients with CRS was significantly higher in the group at a higher STOP-Bang score in the general population. Among symptoms of CRS, nasal obstruction and anosmia were found to be associated with an increased STOP-Bang score.
Survival of patients after repair of coarctation of Aorta (CoA) has improved significantly over the decades, but patients have decreased life expectancy as compared to the general population. This has been attributed to increased hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, and coronary artery disease. There has also been an increasing concern of overweight and obesity in patients with adult congenital heart disease. While there have been studies looking at the impact of long-term hypertension on myocardial performance and outcomes in this population, this study aims to assess the impact of obesity in these patients on their myocardial performance. Ventriculo-arterial coupling is used as a measure of myocardial performance which reflects the interaction between cardiac contractility and arterial elastance. Patients after CoA repair are known to have hypertension affecting the arterial elastance. Obesity affects cardiac contractility as well. This study demonstrated that in a group of young patients after CoA repair, body mass index (BMI) has a relationship with left ventricular (LV) contractility and myocardial performance. This relationship was independent of blood pressure. BMI itself was not seen to affect the determinants of diastolic function in this study, suggesting that LV contractility may be affected before one can notice a change in the diastolic function secondary to BMI.
The mechanism of action of RIDAURA (auranofin) is not understood. In patients with adult rheumatoid arthritis, RIDAURA may modify disease activity as manifested by synovitis and associated symptoms, and reflected by laboratory parameters such as ESR. There is no substantial evidence, however, that gold-containing compounds induce remission of rheumatoid arthritis.

Pharmacokinetics: Pharmacokinetic studies were performed in rheumatoid arthritis patients, not in normal volunteers. Auranofin is rapidly metabolized and intact auranofin has never been detected in the blood. Thus, studies of the pharmacokinetics of auranofin have involved measurement of gold concentrations. Approximately 25% of the gold in auranofin is absorbed. 

The mean terminal plasma half-life of auranofin gold at steady state was 26 days (range 21 to 31 days; n=5). The mean terminal body half-life was 80 days (range 42 to 128; n=5). Approximately 60% of the absorbed gold (15% of the administered dose) from a single dose of auranofin is excreted in urine; the remainder is excreted in the feces.

In clinical studies, steady state blood-gold concentrations are achieved in about three months. In patients on 6 mg auranofin/day, mean steady state blood-gold concentrations were 0.68 ±0.45 mcg/mL (n=63 patients). In blood, approximately 40% of auranofin gold is associated with red cells, and 60% associated with serum proteins. In contrast, 99% of injectable gold is associated with serum proteins.

Mean blood-gold concentrations are proportional to dose; however, no correlation between blood-gold concentrations and safety or efficacy has been established.
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition including a p-glycoprotein inhibitor and a p-glycoprotein substrate drug. The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can reduce side effects of a drug caused by activity of p-glycoprotein and furthermore can provide the same pharmaceutical effect even when a smaller amount of the drug is used. Particularly, when dabigatran etexilate, which is the p-glycoprotein substrate drug, and a tetrazole deravative, which is the p-glycoprotein inhibitor, are used at the same time, bioavailability of dabigatran etexilate can be significantly increased. Consequently, a remaining amount of dabigatran etexilate in a gastrointestinal tract can be significantly reduced as the drug has the same level of bioavailability even when a user amount of the drug is reduced. In addition, an exposure amount of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract is reduced. Therefore, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can reduce the risk of bleeding, a fatal drawback for patients who takes existing dabigatran etexilate.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of nociplastic (NoP) and neuropathic pain (NP) components with residual symptoms in patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) receiving biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs).
METHODS: 78 patients with r-axSpA from the GErman SPondyloarthritis Inception Cohort receiving a bDMARD for at least 3 months were included in this analysis. The Widespread Pain Index (WPI) and the PainDETECT (PD) questionnaire were used to quantify the NoP and the NP components, respectively. Axial Spondyloarthritis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) were used as measures of residual symptoms. C reactive protein (CRP) was used as a measure of systemic inflammatory activity. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses of disease activity were performed. The regions of the WPI score and items of the PD score were used for cluster analyses.
RESULTS: Linear multivariable regression analysis showed that WPI and PD were independently associated with ASDAS (b=0.1, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.17, and b=0.05, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.08, respectively) and BASDAI (b=0.24, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.39, and b=0.17, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.25, respectively) in r-axSpA patients receiving stable treatment with bDMARDs. Furthermore, WPI and PD were found to be significantly associated with the presence of relevant residual symptoms as defined by BASDAI ≥4 (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.09 to 4.15, and OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.85, respectively). The effects were present also in patients with normal level of CRP. Cluster analysis revealed three distinct pain distribution profiles and four specific sensory symptom constellations allowing differentiation of different pain subtypes.
CONCLUSION: Both NoP and NP components seem to be associated with residual symptoms in patients with r-axSpA receiving treatment with bDMARDs.
There is provided a dry gel,composition comprising 40 % by weight or below of a medicine which can be orally administered, 3 % by weight or above of a gelling agent and 5 % by weight or below of a binder, which composition is capable of forming a gruel-like aqueous gel composition upon mixing with 2 to 15 parts by weight of water per part by weight of the composition at a temperature of 40°C or below.      The gelling agent usable herein is, for example, pregelatinized starch having a concentration of 50 % by weight or above. The medicine which can be orally administered is, for example, cinnarizine. Upon mixing with a predetermined quantity of water, the dry gel composition forms a homogeneous aqueous gel composition having a viscosity of about 100 to 500 cp, which is preferably thixotropic. Even aged people having a weak swallowing function can easily swallow the aqueous gel composition, without causing improper sucking into their tracheas. Thus, the dry gel composition of the present invention is very useful in their medical care. The aqueous gel composition can be prepared in a short time by an extremely simple operation at the time of use.
Animal carcinogenicity studies with topically applied nitroglycerin have not been performed.

Rats receiving up to 434 mg/kg/day of dietary nitroglycerin for 2 years developed dose-related fibrotic and neoplastic changes in liver, including carcinomas, and interstitial cell tumors in testes. At the highest dose, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas was 52% compared to 0% in untreated controls. Incidence of testicular tumors were 52% vs. 8% in controls. Lifetime dietary administration of up to 1058 mg/kg/day of nitroglycerin was not tumorigenic in mice.

Nitroglycerin was mutagenic in the in vitrobacterial reverse mutation (Ames) assay with Salmonella typhimurium. A similar mutation in this S. typhimuriumwas also reported with other NO donors. There was no evidence of clastogenic potential in multiple assays including a rodent dominant lethal assay, an in vitroChinese Hamster Ovary assay that was conducted in the absence of metabolic activation, and several in vivochromosomal aberration assays conducted in rats and dogs. 

In a three-generation reproduction study, rats received dietary nitroglycerin at doses up to approximately 434 mg/kg/day for 6 months prior to mating of the F 0generation with treatment continuing through successive F 1and F 2generations. The high dose was associated with decreased feed intake and body weight gain in both sexes at all matings. No specific effect on the fertility of the F 0generation was seen. Infertility noted in subsequent generations, however, was attributed to increased interstitial cell tissue and aspermatogenesis in the high-dose males.
Excessive fat accumulation and chronic inflammation are two typical characteristics of obesity. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a master regulator of energy metabolism, is involved in adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and inflammation modulation in adipose tissue (AT). Thus, effective lipid reduction and anti-inflammation through AMPK regulation play vital roles in treating obesity. Herein, an anti-obesity nanosandwich is fabricated through attaching polymetformin (PolyMet) onto photothermal agent black phosphorus nanosheets (BP). PolyMet activates AMPK to inhibit adipogenesis, promote browning, and mitigate AT inflammation by decreasing macrophage infiltration, repolarizing macrophage phenotype, and downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, BP induces lipolysis and apoptosis of adipocytes and macrophages through a photothermal effect. By further functionalization using hyaluronic acid (HA) and MMP2 substrate-linking P3 peptide-modified HA (P3-HA), an enhanced anti-obesity effect is obtained by dual-targeting of P3 and HA, and HA-mediated CD44 poly-clustering after MMP2 cleavage. Upon laser irradiation, the designed nanosandwich (P3-HA/PM@BP) effectively inhibits obesity development in obese mice, increases M2/M1 ratio in AT, reduces the serum levels of cholesterol/triglyceride and improves insulin sensitivity, exhibiting promising research potential to facilitate the clinical development of modern anti-obesity therapies.
Colchicine is significantly excreted in urine in healthy subjects. Clearance of colchicine is decreased in patients with impaired renal function. Total body clearance of colchicine was reduced by 75% in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis.

Prophylaxis of Gout Flares   
For prophylaxis of gout flares in patients with mild (estimated creatinine clearance Cl cr 50 to 80 mL/min) to moderate (Cl cr 30 to 50 mL/min) renal function impairment, adjustment of the recommended dose is not required, but patients should be monitored closely for adverse effects of colchicine. However, in patients with severe impairment, the starting dose should be 0.3 mg/day and any increase in dose should be done with close monitoring. For the prophylaxis of gout flares in patients undergoing dialysis, the starting doses should be 0.3 mg given twice a week with close monitoring [see Dosage and Administration (2.5)]. 

Treatment of Gout Flares   
For treatment of gout flares in patients with mild (Cl cr 50 to 80 mL/min) to moderate (Cl cr 30 to 50 mL/min) renal function impairment, adjustment of the recommended dose is not required, but patients should be monitored closely for adverse effects of colchicine. However, in patients with severe impairment, while the dose does not need to be adjusted for the treatment of gout flares, a treatment course should be repeated no more than once every two weeks. For patients with gout flares requiring repeated courses, consideration should be given to alternate therapy. For patients undergoing dialysis, the total recommended dose for the treatment of gout flares should be reduced to a single dose of 0.6 mg (one tablet). For these patients, the treatment course should not be repeated more than once every two weeks [see Dosage and Administration (2.5)]. 

FMF   
Although pharmacokinetics of colchicine in patients with mild (Cl cr 50 to 80 mL/min) and moderate (Cl cr 30 to 50 mL/min) renal impairment is not known, these patients should be monitored closely for adverse effects of colchicine. Dose reduction may be necessary. In patients with severe renal failure (Cl cr less than 30 mL/min) and end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis, Colchicine Tablets, USP may be started at the dose of 0.3 mg/day. Any increase in dose should be done with adequate monitoring of the patient for adverse effects of colchicine [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3), Dosage and Administration (2.5)].
Cenchrus ciliaris L. as an anticancer agent was obtained by separately extracting the aerial parts of the plant and the root part of the plants. Extractions were performed first in ethanol, and then a portion successively in water, chloroform, and aqueous butanol. All extracts were tested for cytotoxicity against six cancer cell lines. Generally, the root extracts exhibited greater cytotoxicity than the aerial extracts. The highest anticancer effects for both aerial and root extracts were shown against hepatocellular cancer, colorectal cancer, and lung cancer, compared to the other cell lines tested. The chloroform extracts showed greater anticancer effects, both for aerial and root extracts.
Ethicon ETHILON\* nylon suture is a nonabsorbab\\e, sterile surgical monofi\\ament suture composed of the long-chain aliphatic polymers Nylon 6 and Nylon 6,6. ETHILON sutures are dyed black or green to enhance visibility in tissue. The suture is also available undyed (clear). ETHILON suture is indicated for use in general soft tissue approximation and/or ligation, including use in cardiovascular, ophthalmic and neurological procedures.
The object of the present invention is to provide gastrin analogs that exhibit high uptake in CCK-2 receptor positive tumors while exhibiting very low accumulation in the kidney. This object is achieved according to the invention by the mini-gastrin analogue PP-F11 having the formula: PP-F11-X-DGlu-DGlu-DGlu-DGlu-Ala-Tyr-Gly-Trp-Y-Asp-Phe-NH 2 Wherein Y represents an amino acid replacing methionine and X represents a chemical group attached to the peptide for the purpose of diagnostic and/or therapeutic intervention in CCK-2 receptor-related diseases. In particular, very suitable compounds with a high tumor/kidney ratio are the mini-gastrin analogs with six D-glutamates or six glutamines. These compounds still have methionine which can be easily oxidized, which is disadvantageous for clinical use under GMP, due to the possible forms present. Thus, the removal of methionine results in a lower affinity for oxidation, which is generally favorable for the tumor/kidney ratio. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, methionine is replaced by norleucine. This mini-gastrin, termed PP-F11N, exhibits the currently best tumor/kidney ratio and is therefore the most promising candidate for clinical use.
Participants undergo a baseline interview via telephone and receive a non-tailored CRC screening brochure in the clinic prior to visit with healthcare provider. Participants then undergo telephone interviews at 1 week, 6 months, and 15 months.
The means proposed for hormonal contraception and/or the treatment of acne comprise two hormone components packaged, physically separated from each other, in a packaging unit so that they can be administered sequentially. Each of the hormone components is made up of a number of physically separate, individually removable daily doses accommodated in the packaging unit. The hormonally active substance in one of the hormone components is essentially exclusively an oestrogen preparation which prevents the follicles from ripening, while the second hormone component contains an oestrogen preparation plus a dose of a gestagen preparation which is at least large enough to prevent ovulation. The total number of daily doses is equal to the number of days in the desired cycle, i.e. 5 to 14 for the first hormone component and 23 to 14 for the second component, the number of daily doses of the first component being less than the number of daily doses of the second component. These means are characterized in that the daily doses are arranged in the packaging unit in a way which indicates that the daily doses of the second hormone component are to be taken first, followed by the daily doses of the second component, the daily doses of the second component not containing a biogenic oestrogen combined with a synthetic oestrogen.
A drug composition for delivery to the suprachoroidal space or supraciliary space comprising a solid or a semisolid elongate body for injection, wherein the solid or semisolid elongate body comprises a drug, and wherein said drug composition comprises a substance that undergoes biodegradation or bioerosion after injection. Preferably the drug composition comprises a plurality of spherical particles comprising the drug and at least one excipient to form the drug particles into the flexible solid or semisolid. More preferably the particles are microspheres further comprising at least one polymer. The drug is preferably dexamethasone, everolimus, sirolimus, fluocinolone or azithromycin and the polymer is preferably polylactic-glycolic acid. The excipient is preferably polyvinylpyrrolidone. The particles may comprise a core of drug with a surface barrier coating. The coating preferably comprises a non-toxic water soluble polymer, a biodegradable polymer and/or a biological material. The elongate body may be flexible, preferably with at least one discrete region of reduced buckling threshold or flexural rigidity. Also disclosed is a self-actuating injection device for said drug composition comprising a distal seal that is penetrable by the needle by the application of pressure on a tissue surface. A method of treatment of an ocular disease is also disclosed.
Patients with hypertension who are taking none or one BP medication will be will be provided with prescriptions for up to 3 BP medications representative of different BP medication classes (i.e., losartan, an angiotensin system blocking agent; amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker; and hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic). Patients will be asked to take each medication for 2 weeks at a low dose, 2 weeks at a medium dose, and then 2 weeks at a high dose; provide health information and identify which medication they prefer to remain on following the N-of-1 trial (i.e., for long-term use).
Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are well known to increase the risk of gastroduodenal (GD) ulcer and its complications. Up to 40% of average-risk NSAID users suffer from dyspepsia without endoscopic evidence of gastroduodenal injury. It results a significant loss of productivity and impairment of Quality of Life (QoL). Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been shown to be effective in preventing and reducing NSAID-induced GD injury. PPIs are believed to have a class effect but Rabeprazole, the least expensive PPI, is grossly under-utilized in this area .

Current Hospital Authority (HA) guidelines, however, only endorse the use of PPI in patients at high risk of ulcer bleeding. Since NSAID-induced dyspepsia is not an indication for PPI according to HA guidelines, those patients do not receive PPI for treatment.
Current methods of pain measurement are inadequate in capturing the complexity of the pain experience. This limitation arises mainly because these methods tend to overlook the multiple dimensions of pain during assessment, heavily relying on self-reported measures, which inherently have their drawbacks. Self-reported measures aim to gauge the pain severity experienced by an individual, based solely on their perception of the most intense pain sensation. However, these measures are prone to various biases and may not accurately reflect the actual pain experienced. To overcome these limitations, a new system of pain assessment is necessary, which minimizes subjective involvement and provides a more accurate representation of pain. The 'Pain Calculator' is a newly developed tool that has demonstrated promising accuracy in measuring somatic pain in the low back region. This tool effectively overcomes the subjective biases characteristic of the self-reported measures and provides a reliable and clinically feasible alternative to the existing pain assessment tools.