anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Qinzhizhudan Formula (QZZD) is composed of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Huang Qin) extract, Gardenia jasminoides (Zhizi) extract and Suis Fellis Pulvis (Zhudanfen) (ratio of 4:5:6). This formula is optimized from Qingkailing (QKL) injection. Regarding brain injury, QZZD is protective. However, the mechanism by which QZZD treats vascular dementia (VD) has not been elucidated.
AIM OF THE STUDY: To ascertain QZZD's effect on the treatment of VD and further investigate the molecular mechanisms.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, we screened the possible components and targets of QZZD against VD and microglia polarization using network pharmacology (NP), then an animal model of bilateral common carotid artery ligation method (2VO) was induced. Afterward, The Morris water maze was employed to evaluate cognitive ability, and pathological alterations in the CA1 area of the hippocampus were detected using HE and Nissl staining. To confirm the affect of QZZD on VD and its molecular mechanism, the contents of inflammatory factors IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10 were performed to detect by ELISA, the phenotype polarization of microglia cells was detected by immunofluorescence staining, and the expressions of MyD88, p-IκBα and p-NF-κB p65 in brain tissue were detected by western blot.
RESULTS: A total of 112 active compounds and 363 common targets of QZZD, microglia polarization, and VD were identified, according to the NP analysis. 38 hub targets were screened out from the PPI network. GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis showed that QZZD may regulate microglia polarization through anti-inflammatory mechanism such as Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway. The further results showed that QZZD can alleviate the memory impairment induced by 2VO. QZZD profoundly rescued brain hippocampus neuronal damage and increased the number of neurons. These advantageous outcomes were linked to the control of microglia polarization. QZZD decreased M1 phenotypic marker expression while increasing M2 phenotypic marker expression. QZZD may controll the polarization of the M1 microglia by blocking the core part of Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, that is the MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, which reduced the neurotoxic effects of the microglia.
CONCLUSION: Here, we explored the anti-VD microglial polarization characteristic of QZZD for the first time and clarified its mechanisms. These findings will provide valuable clues for the discovery of anti-VD agents.
Ketamine IV infusion (0.15 mg/kg based on total body weight for maximum 20 mg every 6 hours) for patients with stage 2B or stage 3 COVID-19; may be increased to 0.3 mg/kg based on total body weight for a maximum of 30 mg every 6 hours if needed. Patients entering this arm from the placebo or naltrexone arms remain on those medications as well.
Participants randomized into the intervention group will receive an injection of 2.5 cc of 0.25% marcaine without epinephrine prior to the incision. The local anesthetic will be administered by the treating surgeon. All other aspects of the procedure will be kept in accordance with the standard of care for trigger thumb surgeries.
We will use a parallel design with FACES Treatment as Usual (TAU) control to provide IPT once per week for twelve weeks to HIV+GBV+ women meeting CIDI diagnostic criteria for depression (MDD, dysthymia, minor depression) and PTSD secondary to GBV. Blocked randomization will be used to evenly distribute 120 participants to (1) IPT + TAU or (2) TAU for 12 weeks. The TAU group will be offered IPT treatment following the initial 12 week trial. Thus, all study subjects will receive TAU throughout the study and they will all receive IPT in either the first or second half of the study. My research team at FACES will be recruited for IPT training as potential therapists in the IPT pilot. A run-in study design will be used, assigning one training case apiece to each of the 8 therapists to practice IPT skills. Both IPT + TAU and TAU groups will be measured at baseline and weeks 12, 24 and 36 by blinded assessment. At FACES, TAU resources for HIV+GBV+ women include medical professionals, counseling, community elders, church leaders, police, and a pro-bono legal aid, all of who have all been involved with past FACES GBV interventions.
Rigid cystoscopy, Wolf 17FR. Pad soaked with water based gel put on introitus for 5 minutes prior to procedure.
A tourniquet was used to raise the vein for entry into the vein every 15 s after the ciliary reflex disappeared. If the patient showed no response to the tourniquet (movement, coughing, or laryngospasm), an experienced anesthesiologist entered a vein in the dorsum of one hand using a 22-24 gauge cannula.
Patients undergo pretargeted radioimmunotherapy comprising a test dose of BC8-SA conjugate IV on day -22 and 111In-DOTA-biotin IV on day -20, followed by a therapy dose of BC8-SA conjugate IV on day -14 and 90Y-DOTA-biotin IV on day -12. Patients receive fludarabine phosphate IV on days -4 to -2. Patients undergo TBI and then peripheral blood stem cell transplant on day 0. Patients with matched related donors receive cyclosporine IV on days -3 to 56 and taper to day 180 and mycophenolate mofetil PO BID on days 0-27. Patients with matched unrelated donors receive cyclosporine IV on days -3 to 100 and taper to day 180 and mycophenolate mofetil PO TID on days 0-40 and taper to day 96.
Barbotage is a sonographically guided percutaneous needle aspiration and lavage of the calcium deposit in calcific tendinitis of the shoulder. Persisting pain in cacific tendinitis is considered to be a consequence of increased tendon volume or changed tendon texture in the area of the calcification which leads to secondary impingement and inflammation. Consequently, removal of the deposit should be a causal treatment measure.

Scientific evidence for the efficacy of the barbotage procedure in patients with persistent symptoms from calcific tendinitis is still limited. The cyclic often self-limiting course of the disease, and an anticipated placebo effect, questions about the method's efficacy can only be answered by high-quality randomized studies. In this trial the investigators want to randomize a cohort of patients to (1) Ultrasound guided needling, lavage and subacromial steroid injection, (2) Ultrasound guided subacromial steroid injection or (3) Ultrasound guided lidocain injection (sham). The investigators want to follow the patients over two years with repeated testing with a set of validated outcome measures together with radiologic re-examinations. The investigators want to find out whether the active treatments (1, 2) are more effective than the sham treatment and whether there are differences in outcome between the two active treatments. To increase the generalizability of the investigators' results, the investigators want to perform the study as a multi-centre study.
Pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) microorganisms are continually transmitted between human, animal, and environmental reservoirs, contributing to the high burden of infectious disease and driving the growing global AMR crisis. The sheer diversity of pathogens, AMR mechanisms, and transmission pathways connecting these reservoirs create the need for comprehensive cross-sectoral surveillance to effectively monitor risks. Current approaches are often siloed by discipline and sector, focusing independently on parts of the whole. Here we advocate that integrated surveillance approaches, developed through transdisciplinary cross-sector collaboration, are key to addressing the dual crises of infectious diseases and AMR. We first review the areas of need, challenges, and benefits of cross-sectoral surveillance, then summarise and evaluate the major detection methods already available to achieve this (culture, quantitative PCR, and metagenomic sequencing). Finally, we outline how cross-sectoral surveillance initiatives can be fostered at multiple scales of action, and present key considerations for implementation and the development of effective systems to manage and integrate this information for the benefit of multiple sectors. While methods and technologies are increasingly available and affordable for comprehensive pathogen and AMR surveillance across different reservoirs, it is imperative that systems are strengthened to effectively manage and integrate this information.
Oxidative albumin modification and impaired albumin binding function have been described both in chronic liver failure and for therapeutic albumin solutions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of albumin infusion on redox state and binding function of circulating albumin. We studied 20 patients with cirrhosis who routinely received albumin infusions for prevention of post-paracentesis circulatory dysfunction or treatment of hepatorenal syndrome. We measured albumin fractions by redox state of cysteine-34 and albumin binding properties using dansylsarcosine as site II ligand. Therapeutic albumin solutions showed high contents of human nonmercaptalbumin-1 and human nonmercaptalbumin-2, exceeding the respective values in our patients with decompensated cirrhosis. An initial protocol for the first nine patients sampled at baseline, 24 h and 48 h after albumin infusion revealed no significant changes of oxidized albumin species or albumin binding properties. However, a modified protocol for the remaining 11 patients sampled at baseline, <1 h after and 24 h after albumin infusion revealed short-lived changes of oxidized albumin species while no changes in albumin binding properties were observed. In conclusion, therapeutic albumin infusion transiently changed albumin redox state but did not improve binding function of circulating albumin in chronic liver failure.
High myopia (pathological myopia) is caused by excessive axial elongation that primarily involves the ora-equatorial area and the posterior pole. Peripheral fundus changes and posterior staphyloma formation are ophthalmoscopic evidences of this process. Pathological myopia often accompanied by glaucoma, cataracts, macular degeneration, and retinal detachment, leading to blindness when the damage to the retina is extremely severe. Population and family studies in Chinese have provided evidence for a genetic component to pathologic myopia. Children of myopic parents are more likely to have myopia than are children of nonmyopic parents. The ocular components (axial length, anterior chamber depth, and corneal curvature) and refractive errors of MZ twins are more closely aligned than are those of DZ twins.

Therefore, it is possible to search a potential candidate gene for myopia through the genomic study of pathological myopia.
Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a redox-sensitive transcription factor, regulates proangiogenic mediators, and antioxidant and detoxification enzymes. However, hitherto its regulation in the progression of DFU was poorly examined. The regulation of Nrf2 has been reported to be affected by various factors, including histone deacetylase (HDACs) and DNA methylation. The present study aimed to profile all classes of HDACs and correlate them with Nrf2 and angiogenic markers in the tissue biopsies of different grades of DFU patients (n = 20 in each grade). The gene expression profile of Nrf2 and its downstream targets, angiogenic markers, and all classes of HDACs were assessed using qPCR. Spearman's correlation was performed to analyze the correlation of HDACs with Nrf2 and its downstream targets along with angiogenic markers. We observed a progressive decrease in the gene expression of Nrf2 and angiogenic markers such as VEGF, HIF-1α, and SDF-1α and also an increase in the TSP-2 expression in different grades of DFU. In parallel, a significant downregulation of HDAC2/8 and SIRT1/2/4 has been observed in various grades of DFU subjects. On the other hand, HDAC1/3/4/11 and SIRT3/5/6/7 showed upregulation in different grades of DFU and the maximum increase was observed in Grade 3 patients. A significant negative correlation between Nrf2 and HDAC4, angiogenic markers, and HDAC4 suggested the pivotal role of the HDAC4-regulated Nrf2-mediated angiogenesis among DFU subjects. We have generated a first line of evidence on the epigenetic regulation of Nrf2 and its correlation with angiogenesis in the progression of diabetic foot ulcers.
Lobar cerebral microbleeds are a characteristic neuroimaging finding in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) but can also be found in hypertensive arteriolosclerosis. We aimed to investigate whether CAA is more associated with intracortical lobar microbleeds than hypertensive arteriosclerosis. Ninety-one survivors of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage with at least one lobar microbleed were included and underwent brain MRI and amyloid PET. We categorized lobar microbleeds as intracortical, juxtacortical, or subcortical. We assessed the associations between the lobar microbleed categories and microangiopathy subtypes or cerebral amyloid load based on the Pittsburgh Compound-B PET standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR). Patients with CAA had a higher prevalence of intracortical lobar microbleeds (80.0% vs. 50.8%, P = 0.011) and lower prevalence of subcortical lobar microbleeds (13.3% vs. 60.1%, P < 0.001) than patients with hypertensive arteriolosclerosis. Strictly intracortical/juxtacortical lobar microbleeds were associated with CAA (OR 18.9 [1.9-191.4], P = 0.013), while the presence of subcortical lobar microbleeds was associated with hypertensive arteriolosclerosis (OR 10.9 [1.8-68.1], P = 0.010). Amyloid retention was higher in patients with strictly intracortical/juxtacortical CMBs than those without (SUVR = 1.15 [1.05-1.52] vs. 1.08 [1.02-1.19], P = 0.039). Amyloid retention positively correlated with the number of intracortical lobar microbleeds (P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with the number of subcortical lobar microbleeds (P = 0.018). CAA and cortical amyloid deposition are more strongly associated with strictly intracortical/juxtacortical microbleeds than subcortical lobar microbleeds. Categorization of lobar microbleeds based on anatomical location may help differentiate the underlying microangiopathy and potentially improve the accuracy of current neuroimaging criteria for cerebral small vessel disease.
Patients receive atezolizumab IV over 30-60 minutes on day 1 and cabozantinib PO on days 1-28. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Sleep is integral to human health and well-being; it is recognized as a fundamental right by international bodies. Nevertheless, deliberate sleep deprivation is frequently employed as a form of torture, violating the right to health. Legal cases such as LeMaire v Maass, Ireland v UK, and Huertas v Secretary Pennsylvania Dept of Corrections illustrate the varying interpretations of sleep deprivation as torture or cruel and unusual punishment. Ambiguity in domestic and international legal definitions underscores the need for collaboration between health and legal professionals. Clinicians can offer expertise about physiological and psychological consequences of sleep deprivation, which informs what legally counts as torture. This commentary explores the intersection of sleep deprivation, human rights, and the role of medical professionals in addressing, identifying, and preventing sleep deprivation as a means of coercion and abuse.
Pancreatitis is the most common complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Several pharmacologic and procedure-related measurements have been established for post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) prophylaxis one being the placement of pancreatic duct stents in patients with high risk for PEP. The beneficial role of pancreatic stenting in the prophylaxis of PEP was demonstrated in large meta-analyses. The used stents have a high potential of self dislodgment, retained stents have to be removed endoscopically after 5-10 days. For evaluation of spontaneous stent passage abdominal x-ray ist used and accordingly retained stents removed. The current study aimed to analyze whether prophylactic pancreatic stents can be detected by transdermal ultrasound to save the x-ray examination.
Clonidine hydrochloride, USP is a centrally acting alpha-agonist hypotensive agent available as tablets for oral administration in three dosage strengths: 0.1 mg, 0.2 mg and 0.3 mg. The 0.1 mg tablet is equivalent to 0.087 mg of the free base.

The inactive ingredients are colloidal silicon dioxide, corn starch, calcium phosphate dibasic, hydroxypropyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate and magnesium stearate. In addition, the 0.1 mg tablets contain FD&C Red No. 40, and the 0.2 mg and 0.3 mg tablets contain FD&C Yellow No. 6 as color additives respectively.

Clonidine hydrochloride is an imidazoline derivative and exists as a mesomeric compound. The chemical name is 2-(2,6-dichlorophenylamino)-2-imidazoline hydrochloride. The following is the structural formula:

Clonidine hydrochloride is an odorless, bitter, white, crystalline substance soluble in water and alcohol.
The purpose of this study is to characterize the pharmacokinetics (how drugs are absorbed in the body, how they are distributed within the body and how they are removed from the body over time) of ceftobiprole after a single 250-mg intravenous (IV) infusion (given directly into the vein) for 2 hours, before and after dialysis to patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring hemodialysis or healthy volunteers. This is a Phase 1, open label study (all patients involved know the identity of the drug). Healthy volunteers will be given a single 2-hour infusion of 250 mg ceftobiprole; patients with ESRD on hemodialysis will be given a 2-hour infusion of 250 mg ceftobiprole 3 hours either before dialysis or immediately after dialysis. Plasma and urine samples will be assayed for ceftobiprole. Samples will be collected over a 48 hour period of time. Safety evaluations will include monitoring of adverse events, clinical laboratory tests (hematology and serum chemistry in all patients/volunteers, and urinalysis in healthy volunteers subjects), pregnancy testing, vital signs, physical examination, and recording of concomitant medications. Healthy volunteers will be given a single 2-hour infusion of 250 mg ceftobiprole; patients with ESRD on hemodialysis will be given a 2-hour infusion of 250 mg ceftobiprole 3 hours either before dialysis or immediately after dialysis.
PURPOSE:To provide the subject improver useful in medical field, containing fenofibrate as active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:The objective improver containing, as active ingredient, fenofibrate or its combination with pharmaceutically permissible additive(s). Its administration route is e.g. oral, injection, mucosal. Its dose is, in terms of the amount of the fenofibrate as the preparation ingredient, normally 10-800 mg/day, 5-300mg/day, and 5-400mg/day, for oral, injection, and mucosal administration route, respectively. This improver, which can improve the hypofunction of hemangioendothelial cells in arteriosclerosis, hypertension, diabetics, etc., is useful for the therapies of angiopathy in these diseases.
A method and improvement of treating benign gynecological disorders is described. The method is also suitable for contraception and for hormone replacement therapy. In the method, treatment of a benign gynecological disorder with a composition comprised of a gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) compound and an estrogenic compound, and optionally, an androgenic compound. The composition may be formulated as a nasal spray comprised of a GnRH compound and an estrogenic compound in the form of a water-soluble complex with a water-soluble cyclodextrin. The present invention further relates to an improvement in a method of contraception, in treatment of benign gynecological disorders, and in hormone replacement by administering intranasally an estrogenic compound and an androgenic compound, and in some embodiments an optional progestin compound, in a once-daily bolus formulation comprised of the two or three steroids complexed with a cyclodextrin. An intranasal delivery system for administration of the formulation is also described.
BACKGROUND: Preoperative very low energy diet (VLED) interventions are used routinely in patients undergoing bariatric surgery, a surgical subspecialty that deals almost exclusively with patients with obesity. Yet, their use and study has been limited in non-bariatric abdominal surgery. To investigate the use of VLEDs in non-bariatric surgery, we plan on conducting a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Prior to proceeding, however, we have designed two surveys as important pre-emptive studies aimed at elucidating patient and provider perspectives regarding these interventions.
METHODS: The patient survey is a cross-sectional, single-center survey aimed at assessing the safety, adherence, barriers to adherence, and willingness to participate in preoperative optimization protocols with VLEDs prior to undergoing elective non-bariatric intra-abdominal surgery (S1 File). The population of interest is all adult patients with obesity undergoing elective non-bariatric intra-abdominal surgery at St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton who were prescribed a course of preoperative VLED. The primary outcomes will be safety and adherence. The target sample size is 35 survey responses. The provider survey is a cross-sectional national survey of practicing surgeons in Canada who perform major non-bariatric abdominal surgery aimed assessing the willingness and ability to prescribe preoperative weight loss interventions amongst practicing Canadian surgeons who perform major non-bariatric abdominal surgery (S2 File). The population of interest is independent practicing surgeons in Canada who perform major non-bariatric abdominal surgery. The primary outcome will be willingness to prescribe preoperative VLED to patients with obesity undergoing major non-bariatric abdominal surgery for both benign and malignant indications. The target sample size is 61 survey responses. Descriptive statistics will be used to characterize the sample populations. To determine variables associated with primary outcomes in the surveys, regression analyses will be performed.
DISCUSSION: These survey data will ultimately inform the design of an RCT evaluating the efficacy of preoperative VLEDs for patients with obesity undergoing major abdominal surgery.