anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
African Americans are twice as likely to develop Alzheimer's disease or a related form of dementia (ADRD) than their White counterparts. These individuals are, however, more often diagnosed later, creating additional physical, spiritual, psychosocial challenges for both the person living with ADRD and their family caregivers. African American ADRD caregivers are therefore at greater risk for adverse physiological and psychological health effects of caregiving, including significant burden and stress. Evidence suggests that peer to peer support using storytelling may be effective in assisting ADRD caregivers with surrogate healthcare decision making, an important aspect of palliative care. Access to and use of palliative care, a recognized approach to serious illness care symptom management, among African Americans are low. The impact of this healthcare inequity further reduces the quality of life for African American ADRD caregivers and subsequently their care recipients. Prior approaches to serious illness care have failed to address the needs of African Americans living with ADRD from a palliative care perspective. This inability to meet their needs leads to increased unmet caregiver needs. Peer mentorship, a relationship-centered person-to-person approach may reduce healthcare decision making burden within cultural groups such as African Americans through cultural tailoring by promoting oral traditions, personal contact, and storytelling. Our current study includes perspectives of lower socioeconomic status African American ADRD caregivers who have expressed the need for person-centered, non-judgmental, on-demand, culturally congruent caregiving support for advance care planning and healthcare decision making. Simultaneously, former caregivers retrospectively described perceived benefits of peer support while caregiving and their willingness to serve as peer mentors to current caregivers. Additional data from healthcare provider and community stakeholders support the need and potential benefits of peer support for ADRD caregivers. Based on these preliminary findings, there is an urgent need and exciting opportunity to address the unmet palliative care needs of current caregivers through peer support. For this innovative project, investigators will use the experiential expertise of former caregivers to help current caregivers with advance care planning and healthcare decision making. The purpose of this project is to use a stakeholder-informed approach in further developing and pilot testing the co-created Peer Support for Caregivers of African Americans Living with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (Pair2Care), a culturally sensitive caregiver peer support intervention.

Aim: Conduct feasibility and acceptability testing of Pair 2 Care in current and trained former African American ADRD family caregiver peers paired based on congruent identity traits (e.g., relationship to care recipient, gender identity, etc.). Investigators will determine if Pair2Care is feasible and acceptable by evaluating satisfaction and appropriateness of the intervention for broader dissemination.
Coronary angiography is a procedure by which the anatomy of the coronary arteries are studied. It can be done either via the radial artery approach or the femoral artery approach. Currently most centers use the radial artery approach due to the lower risk of access site bleeding as compared to the femoral artery approach. In addition, the radial approach allows earlier patient mobilisation after the procedure.

Once the sheath, through which the procedure is done, is removed, a special air filled band is used to compress the artery to prevent bleeding. This involves filling the band with around 18 ml of air and then releasing the air at periodic intervals. There are however no set protocols for the removal of air and literature often suggests varying protocols. However what the protocols try to achieve is proper hemostasis, with low incidence of radial artery occlusion. In addition to these, patient comfort and safety along with staff ease of use is important. Some protocols involve frequent deflations which might be more tedious for the nurses, but more comfortable for patients whilst others might be easier for the staff (due to longer intervals), but more uncomfortable for the patients. However, there are no studies that actually compare these protocols
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) can result in a long-lasting altered state of consciousness. At present, the underlying neurological determinants of recovery in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) after a severe TBI are not well understood, and individual prognosis is very limited. Moreover, the rate of misdiagnosis between different states of altered consciousness by standard clinical scales is high, which further impacts on the clinical prognosis. In this project, multimodal neuroimaging measures will be applied and whole-brain data will be obtained from patients recovering from severe TBI in a longitudinal fashion. Patients will be examined at four time points during the sub-acute stage: immediately after admission to the neurorehabilitation unit, after ten weeks of admission, at discharge, and after one year of the TBI episode. Brain connectivity will be assessed with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) combined with electroencephalography (EEG), structural MRI, diffusion MRI, high-density EEG (hdEEG) alone, and hdEEG combined with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (EEG-TMS), and \[18F\]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET).

The overall aim of the study is to find reliable biomarkers for the recovery of consciousness based on changes in cortico-cortical and cortico-subcortical brain connectivity. In order to explore this, patients that suffered a severe TBI as well a matched healthy participants group will be included in the study.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Prokinetics have limited effectiveness for treating symptoms of gastroparesis. Thus, alternative or adjunct therapies, such as gastroparesis diets or neuromodulators, are often prescribed. Their therapeutic benefits alone or in combination remain unclear.
METHODS: One hundred and twenty-nine patients with symptoms of gastroparesis underwent wireless motility capsule gastric emptying time and gastric emptying scintigraphy. Based on test results, changes in therapy were recommended. Changes in Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) and individual symptom scores over 6 months were related to recommendations for prokinetics, gastroparesis diet, or neuromodulators given as solo new therapies or in dual combinations. Multivariate analyses were performed to adjust for gastric emptying and other variables.
RESULTS: In the whole group regardless of therapy, GCSI scores decreased by 0.53 points (interquartile range, -1.25 to 0.05; P < .0001) over 6 months. GCSI did not decrease for prokinetics as solo new therapy (P = .95). Conversely, neuromodulators as solo therapy decreased GCSI scores (P = .04) and all individual symptoms except nausea/vomiting (P = .86). Prokinetics combined with gastroparesis diets or neuromodulators improved GCSI scores (P ≤ .04) and most individual symptoms. Adjusting for gastric emptying time on multivariate analyses showed greater GCSI decreases for nondelayed emptying for neuromodulators as solo new therapy (P = .01). Gastric emptying scintigraphy, gender, diabetes, and functional dyspepsia did not influence responses to any treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: Initiating prokinetics as solo new therapy had little benefit for patients with symptoms of gastroparesis. Neuromodulators as the only new therapy decreased symptoms other than nausea and vomiting, especially with nondelayed gastric emptying. Adding gastroparesis diets or neuromodulators to prokinetics offered relief, suggesting that combination therapies may be more useful in managing these patients. (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02022826.).
A randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of a single dose of azithromycin compared to 6 weeks of topical tetracycline, and the added benefit of family-based azithromycin treatment, in preventing recurrence of trichiasis following surgery is proposed. This will provide the evidence base to inform and change the global public health policy and the donation program policy, regarding post-surgical treatment for trichiasis patients and possibly their families.

The investigators will determine the impact of three treatment strategies following trichiasis surgery on the rate of trichiasis recurrence in the operated eye at six months and one year. A randomized clinical trial of 1425 trichiasis surgical patients will be conducted in Sodo,Ethiopia. The first group (Control Group) will receive topical tetracycline following surgery; the second group (Intervention Patient Group) will receive oral azithromycin; the third group (Intervention Family Group) will receive oral azithromycin, and all family members resident in the patient's household will also receive oral azithromycin. Data will be collected at baseline (pre-surgery) on ocular status and infection status. Data will be collected at the time of surgery on surgery-related variables and surgical and post-operative complications. Additional data will be collected on any surgical complications and early recurrence at the two-week visit when sutures will be removed. A follow up visit at two months will include data collection on recurrence and presence of ocular infection. Evaluations for trichiasis recurrence will occur again at six months and at one year post-surgery. The latter visit will also include data collection on presence of ocular infection in the surgical case, and ocular infection in household members. Evaluation of the risk of recurrence at six months and one, two, and three years within each group will be completed to determine the benefit of using azithromycin compared to topical tetracycline, and the added benefit of family-based treatment.
FIELD: medicine, infectious diseases. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to method for treatment of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Method involves the conventional therapy and additional administration of viferone. In early stage of disease, i. e. in virusemia stage, viferone is administrated every day in the dose 1 000 000 IU, 2 times per 24 h with interval for 12 h. Then viferone is administrated one time for 3 days in the same daily dose for all period of polyuria. Method results to normalization of main system taking part in pathogenesis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. EFFECT: improved treatment method. 5 tbl, 2 ex
BACKGROUND: Numerous studies indicate that glenoid bony augmentation raises the risk of complications during and after surgery. On the other hand, repairing the labrum alone in cases with subcritical glenoid bone loss results in recurrent instability and persistent apprehension. As a result, recent advancements in shoulder instability surgery prioritize fully restoring the anterior shoulder restraint.
OPERATIVE TECHNIQUE: A novel method for treating recurrent anterior shoulder instability with subcritical glenoid bone loss and off-track Hill-Sachs lesion in skeletally immature patients is suggested: the use of dynamic anterior stabilization technique incorporating the long head of the biceps tendon onto the anterior glenoid rim via trans-subscapular transfer, in conjunction with Hill-Sachs remplissage. A practical, step-by-step surgical technique for a complete reconstruction of the anterior capsule-labral-ligamentous complex is provided. This involves utilizing a soft-tissue dynamic anterior sling, achieved through the trans-subscapularis transfer of the long head of the biceps tendon at the glenoid level. The procedure concludes with a Hill-Sachs remplissage to further prevent off-track events and alleviate apprehension.
CONCLUSION: Dynamic anterior stabilization is a suitable approach for addressing recurring anterior shoulder instability in skeletally immature patients who have subcritical glenoid bone loss and bipolar bone lesions.
Clarithromycin, USP is a semi-synthetic macrolide antimicrobial for oral use. Chemically, it is 6-0­ methylerythromycin. The molecular formula is C38H69NO13, and the molecular weight is 747.95. The structural formula is:

Figure 1: Structure of Clarithromycin

Clarithromycin, USP is a white to off-white crystalline powder. It is soluble in acetone, slightly soluble in methanol, ethanol, and acetonitrile, and practically insoluble in water.

Each yellow oval film-coated unscored clarithromycin extended-release tablet, for oral administration, contains 500 mg of clarithromycin and the following inactive ingredients: compressible sugar, D&C yellow #10 Aluminum Lake, glycerol monostearate, polyethylene glycol 3000, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium phosphate monobasic (anhydrous), talc and titanium dioxide.
Objectives. Current guidelines recommend that surveillance imaging should be performed at least every third year for patients with ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA) even though such aneurysms' growth rate is mostly minimal. The purpose of this study was to clarify the pattern of the growth of ATAAs in a real-life patient population to adjust the optimal timing of aortic surveillance for each patient. Methods. This study includes patients (n = 209) who had been followed due to ATAA in the central hospital of North Karelia in Eastern Finland between years 2007 and 2023. Aortic imaging was performed using either computed tomography (CT) or transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). In the CT images, the aortic dimensions were measured according to guidelines in four levels of the ascending aorta. TTE measurements were collected from medical records. Measurements were used to explore the pattern of the ATAA growth. Results. During the mean surveillance time 5.0 ± 3.5 years, the median growth rate of ATAAs was 0.37 mm/year. One fifth (21.5%) of the aneurysms showed no expansion during the follow-up. Despite the minimal growth rate during surveillance, some patients ended up exceeding the cut-off for preventive surgery. Among the patients, who showed expansion during the follow-up, the linear model seemed to best describe the growth of ATAA. Conclusions. The majority of the patients had a very low ATAA growth rate. Based on this study, the growth of ATAAs could be described using a linear model, which could, in turn, be used to predict the growth of an aneurysm.
The 6-week Self-Care Sampler for Family Caregivers program was created to provide a variety of evidence-based self-care practices that improve the mental and physical health of caregivers by relieving stress and encouraging preventive health behaviors (Acton, 2002). To determine the effectiveness of the Self-care Sampler for Family Care Partners program in reducing caregiver stress over the 6-week program period. Hypothesis: Participants who attend the 6 class sessions over 6 weeks of the program will have a lower score on the Modified Caregiver Strain Index (MCSI) when compared to baseline. This will indicate a decrease in overall stress. For each 6-week program, sessions will take place once a week for 90 minutes, each starting with a centering exercise and focusing on a new form of self-care. The program gives caregivers a space to connect with others and form social bonds that could extend outside of our sessions. We will run the 6-week Self-Care Sampler for Family Caregivers program three times (three intervention periods) in 2022.
The impact of Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) use for up to 240 weeks (4.6 years) was evaluated in an open-label non-randomized clinical study in 389 adolescent females (12 to 18 years of age). Use of Depo-Provera CI was associated with a significant decline from baseline in BMD.

Partway through the trial, drug administration was stopped (at 120 weeks). The mean number of injections per Depo-Provera CI user was 9.3. Table 5 summarizes the study findings. The decline in BMD at total hip and femoral neck was greater with longer duration of use. The mean decrease in BMD at 240 weeks was more pronounced at total hip (-6.4%) and femoral neck (-5.4%) compared to lumbar spine (-2.1%).

Adolescents in the untreated cohort had an increase in BMD during the period of growth following menarche. However, the two cohorts were not matched at baseline for age, gynecologic age, race, BMD and other factors that influence the rate of acquisition of BMD.

BMD Recovery Post-Treatment in Adolescents

Longer duration of treatment and smoking were associated with less recovery of BMD following the last injection of Depo-Provera CI. Table 6 shows the extent of recovery of BMD up to 60 months post-treatment for adolescents who received Depo-Provera CI for two years or less compared to more than two years. Post‑treatment follow-up showed that, in women treated for more than two years, only lumbar spine BMD recovered to baseline levels after treatment was discontinued. Adolescents treated with Depo-Provera CI for more than two years did not recover to their baseline BMD level at femoral neck and total hip even up to 60 months post-treatment. Adolescents in the untreated cohort gained BMD throughout the trial period (data not shown) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
Arformoterol Tartrate Inhalation Solution is supplied in a single strength (15 mcg of arformoterol, equivalent to 22 mcg of arformoterol tartrate) as 2 mL of a sterile solution in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) unit-dose vials overwrapped in foil. Arformoterol Tartrate Inhalation Solution is available in a shelf-carton containing 30 or 60 unit-dose vials.

NDC 76204-026-01: carton of 30 individually pouched unit-dose vials.

NDC 76204-026-02: carton of 60 individually pouched unit-dose vials.

NDC 76204-026-55: carton of 60 unit-dose vials (12×5 unit-dose vial pouches).

Storage and Handling

Store Arformoterol Tartrate Inhalation Solution in the protective foil pouch under refrigeration at 36°-46°F (2°-8°C). Protect from light and excessive heat. After opening the pouch, unused unit- dose vials should be returned to, and stored in, the pouch. An opened unit-dose vial should be used right away. Discard any unit-dose vial if the solution is not colorless. Unopened foil pouches of Arformoterol Tartrate Inhalation Solution can also be stored at room temperature 68°-77°F (20°-25°C) for up to 6 weeks. If stored at room temperature, discard if not used after 6 weeks or if past the expiration date, whichever is sooner.
From a pre-established randomization, on the first day of collection, volunteers will be allocated to group I (Placebo) or group II (Citrus aurantium L.). In the first intervention, the volunteers allocated to group I will take a capsule containing 500mg of starch, at the end of this, another capsule containing 500mg of Citrus aurantium L. will be provided for the second intervention. Conversely, the volunteers allocated to group II will ingest a capsule containing 500mg of Citrus aurantium L. in the first intervention, and at the end of the experiment, another capsule containing 500mg of starch will be provided.
A sensor licensing system for an intraoral sensor includes an on/off mechanism, a driver, and a sensor. The on/off mechanism is coupled to the intraoral sensor and has an encrypted licensing code so that the on/off mechanism turns on and off the intraoral sensor. The driver processes the encrypted license code stored in the sensor memory and determines if license code is expired based on the computer clock, exposure counter or other desired limits. The sensor periodically checks an online server for an updated encrypted license code and stores new license code in sensor memory. The updated license code is created and stored on the server when a new periodic subscription payment is made. The sensor periodically checks and downloads any updated license code. Failure to make a payment will result in no encrypted license code update being created and eventual expiration of the old encrypted license code.
BACKGROUND: Reactive case detection (RCD) aims to reduce malaria transmission stemming from asymptomatic carriers. Symptomatic individuals diagnosed with malaria at a health centre are followed to their households, where members of the index case and neighbouring households are tested and treated for malaria. An RCD programme was tested in the Ashanti region of Ghana in order to study diagnostic accuracy in the hospital and household settings, assess the prevalence of subclinical infections and possible clustering in index case households, and identify operational challenges for future RCD programmes. Currently, transmission in this region is high, but reactive interventions might become an option once transmission is reduced.
METHODS: 264 febrile individuals were enrolled at the Mankranso Government Hospital and tested for malaria using rapid diagnostic tests (RDT). From the pool of RDT-positive febrile index cases, 14 successful RCD follow-ups were conducted, and 233 individuals were enrolled from the index case, neighbour, and control households. The sensitivity of diagnostic tools for clinical and subclinical cases was compared, including RDT, expert microscopy by World Health Organization-certified microscopists, field microscopy, and qPCR.
RESULTS: Poor diagnosis and low receptivity to RCD-style follow-ups were major limitations to a successful and effective RCD programme. Field microscopy detected only 49% of clinical infections compared to RDT. 54% of individuals did not agree to a follow-up, and 66% of attempted follow-ups failed. The system effectiveness of RCD, calculated as the product of correctly diagnosed index cases, successful follow-ups, and proportion of asymptomatic infections detected by RDT, was very low at 4.0%.
CONCLUSIONS: Due to low system effectiveness and the endemic nature of the disease setting in which asymptomatic prevalence is high and infections are not clustered around index case households, RCD is currently not a feasible option for malaria control in this region. The operational challenges identified through this study may help inform future reactive intervention programme designs once transmission is reduced.
(see CONTRAINDICATIONS)

Cetrorelix acetate for injection is contraindicated in pregnant women. 

When administered to rats for the first seven days of pregnancy, cetrorelix acetate did not affect the development of the implanted conceptus at doses up to 38 mcg/kg (approximately 1 time the recommended human therapeutic dose based on body surface area). However, a dose of 139 mcg/kg (approximately 4 times the human dose) resulted in a resorption rate and a post implantation loss of 100%. When administered from day 6 to near term to pregnant rats and rabbits, very early resorptions and total implantation losses were seen in rats at doses from 4.6 mcg/kg (0.2 times the human dose) and in rabbits at doses from 6.8 mcg/kg (0.4 times the human dose). In animals that maintained their pregnancy, there was no increase in the incidence of fetal abnormalities. 

The fetal resorption observed in animals is a logical consequence of the alteration in hormonal levels effected by the antigonadotrophic properties of cetrorelix acetate for injection, which could result in fetal loss in humans as well. Therefore, this drug should not be used in pregnant women.