anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate parameters for medication-related osteonecrosis of jaw (MRONJ) patients using the bone SPECT/CT, especially bone mineral-based parameters.
METHODS: Sixty-three patients with MRONJ (43 osteoporosis and 20 bone metastasises) underwent CT, MRI and SPECT/CT. A commercially available software automatically detected lesion area and calculated the quantitative SPECT/CT parameters as bone mineral-based standardized uptake value (SUV).
RESULTS: Regarding stage of MRONJ patients, bone mineral based maximum SUV of stage 3 was significantly higher than stage 1, 2 (P=0.018). Regarding duration of medication therapy, bone mineral based maximum SUV 1 year or more was significantly higher than less than 1 year (P=0.019). Regarding present of periosteal bone proliferation on CT, bone mineral based maximum SUV was significantly higher than those of absent (P=0.029). Regarding spread of soft tissue inflammation on MRI, bone mineral based maximum SUV of 2 or more was significantly higher than those of less than 2 spaces (P=0.025). Regarding blood pool phase imaging with SPECT, bone mineral based maximum SUV of intense uptake was significantly higher than those of decrease uptake (P=0.002).
CONCLUSIONS: SPECT/CT bone mineral-based parameters indicated significant difference in staging, dosing period, periosteal bone proliferation on CT, spread of soft tissue inflammation on MRI, and blood phase imaging with SPECT. Bone SPECT/CT bone mineral-based parameters are helpful for the assessment of MRONJ.
A method for prescriptively guiding an operator of an ultrasound imaging probe 120 includes acquiring image clips of a target organ, e.g. heart 130. The quality of image clips with respect to a particular view (e.g. apical five chamber) is determined, such as by submission to a neural network, or by comparison to known images. This quality may then be correlated to a probability of particular prescriptive guidance choices 175 improving sub-standard quality images, selected from different prescriptive movements 195, e.g. aim, tilt or rotation. When the same prescriptive movement has been computed a threshold number of times 145, the prescriptive guidance 135 is displayed in a user interface 140. A previously acquired, ideal reference sonography image 160b according to the known view may be displayed. Navigation of an ultrasound probe is normally a manual process of iterative trial and error.
Intake of Gabbroral® oral tablet formulation, which will be dissolved in a glas of 240mL water, in fasted state, in addition of the intake of Motilium® (API: domperidone 10 mg). Fasted state means that you have eaten nothing for 12 hours for the investigation and only have been drinking water. 20 minutes for the intake of the medicine, you will take 2 tablets of Motilium®, which stimulates the gastric emptying. After intake of the medicine at regular intervals, gastrointestinal fluids will be aspirated over 4 hours. You sit in a comfortable position in bed; eating and sleeping is not permitted (after 2 hours you have the possibility to drink some water). After 4 hours, the gastrointestinal catheters will be removed and you may eat and roam freely.
CRE colonization is associated with a 16.5% risk of infection with a 10% mortality rate. CRE also poses a tremendous strain on the healthcare cost as well as the medical/nursing manpower. The hospital stay is lengthened by two-fold for CRE-infected cases compared with non-infected cases. CRE carriers frequently have to stay in acute hospitals for extended periods of time after settling their acute illnesses, both because of the logistic infeasibility of them being transferred to rehabilitation units or nursing homes, which are devoid of isolation rooms.

Proactive measures have been implemented in hospitals worldwide to prevent the spread of MDROs, especially to vulnerable individuals. Such measures usually include surveillance culture, contact tracing, isolation of carriers and environmental disinfection. Nevertheless, isolation facilities are not always readily available, particularly in resource-limited regions. In addition, contact isolation may result in various adverse effects on the mental well-being of isolated patients, such as depression, anxiety and anger. Time spent with patients in isolation by healthcare workers is less, with a negative effect on patient safety with an eight-fold increase in the risk of adverse events due to supportive care failure.

There has been a growing interest in extending FMT for the decolonization of CRE. However, most of the studies are limited to case reports or case series with small sample sizes (ranging from 10 to 39 patients) as shown by a recent systematic review. The pooled rate of CRE decolonization is promising at 62.1%. However, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) remains the most optimal study design to investigate the true beneficial effect of FMT on CRE decolonization. FMT via enema route has several advantages over upper GI delivery or colonoscopy. First, the administration of fecal suspension via a feeding tube may not be acceptable to some patients. Second, colonoscopy carries complications of gut perforation, aspiration, and cardiopulmonary suppression from the use of sedatives, in particular among frail and elder patients.
Group will be implanted with VNS but device is not activated for the first 12 months. After 12 months, this group can receive stimulation.
PURPOSE: To provide a drug which contains a melatonin or a substance active for melatonin as effective component so that melatonin can be dosed in the way as near as possible to synthesis of melatonin in the human body, and which is effective in medication for disease which induces circadian rhythm disorders. CONSTITUTION: This drug contains melatonin and/or a melatonin active substance expressed by the formula. In the formula, R1 , R2 are each H, Cl, R3 is -CH3 , -CH2 -CH3 , etc. Melatonin and/or its active substance is preferably incorporated by 0.1 to 5% into the drug. This drug is preferably used for dermal administration. In a practical form of the drug above described, for example, a gel drug comprising polyglyceryl-methacrylate, ethanol, melatonin, hydrogenated castor oil, polyethylene glycol, 2-phenoxyethanol, imidazolidinyl urea and deionized water can be used.
The present disclosure provides a film for attaching a living body, which contains regenerated cellulose and is advantageous in shortening the time required for wearing to a living body tissue. The film (10) for attaching a living body of the present disclosure contains regenerated cellulose and an accelerator. The promoter promotes the wearing of regenerated cellulose to the living tissue. The film (10) for attaching a living body is self-supporting and has a thickness of 20-5000 nm. The accelerator is represented by the following formula (A). Wherein a and c are integers of 0 or more, b and d are integers of 1 or more, R  1  Is a hydrogen atom, an acyl group, or an alkyl group, R  2  Is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an acyl group, or an alkyl group.
Provided herein are compositions and methods for improving endothelial cell function,  e.g. , in a subject in need thereof. In some aspects, the compositions and methods involve enhancing or preserving endothelial cell viability. In some aspects, the compositions and methods involve improving leakiness of the endothelial cell barrier, or mitigating or improving vascular leak. In some aspects, the compositions and methods improve or enhance endothelial cell migration. In some aspects, the compositions and methods mitigate or dampen improper endothelial cell activation.
The fifth edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours (WHO-HAEM5) is the product of an evidence-based evolution of the revised fourth edition with wide multidisciplinary consultation. Nonetheless, while every classification incorporates scientific advances and aims to improve upon the prior version, medical knowledge remains incomplete and individual neoplasms may not be easily subclassified in a given scheme. Thus, optimal classification requires ongoing study, and there are certain aspects of some entities and subtypes that require further refinements. In this review, we highlight a selection of these challenging areas to prompt more research investigations. These include (1) a 'placeholder term' of splenic B-cell lymphoma/leukaemia with prominent nucleoli (SBLPN) to accommodate many of the splenic lymphomas previously classified as hairy cell leukaemia variant and B-prolymphocytic leukaemia, a clear new start to define their pathobiology; (2) how best to classify BCL2 rearrangement negative follicular lymphoma including those with BCL6 rearrangement, integrating the emerging new knowledge on various germinal centre B-cell subsets; (3) what is the spectrum of non-IG gene partners of MYC translocation in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma/high-grade B-cell lymphoma and how they impact MYC expression and clinical outcome; how best to investigate this in a routine clinical setting; and (4) how best to define high-grade B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified and high-grade B-cell lymphoma with 11q aberrations to distinguish them from their mimics and characterise their molecular pathogenetic mechanism. Addressing these questions would provide more robust evidence to better define these entities/subtypes, improve their diagnosis and/or prognostic stratification, leading to better patient care. © 2024 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Adult participants with severe VWD (self-bleeding assessment tool \[BAT\] score ≥10) and their caregivers will be enrolled as per protocol specifications. Data will be collected from participants via questionnaire, semi-structured interviews, and focus groups using a virtual platform.
Participant will receive Assisted Exercise (stationary cycling). Exercise (supervised) will be offered 3 days/week.
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have a semi-invariant T-cell receptor that allows recognition of antigen in the context of the MHC class I-related (MR1) protein. Metabolic intermediates of the riboflavin synthesis pathway have been identified as MR1-restricted antigens with agonist properties. As riboflavin synthesis occurs in many bacterial species, but not human cells, it has been proposed that the main purpose of MAIT cells is antibacterial surveillance and protection. The majority of human MAIT cells secrete interferon-gamma (IFNg) upon activation, while some MAIT cells in tissues can also express IL-17. Given that MAIT cells are present in human barrier tissues colonized by a microbiome, MAIT cells must somehow be able to distinguish colonization from infection to ensure effector functions are only elicited when necessary. Importantly, MAIT cells have additional functional properties, including the potential to contribute to restoring tissue homeostasis by expression of CTLA-4 and secretion of the cytokine IL-22. A recent study provided compelling data indicating that the range of human MAIT cell functional properties is explained by plasticity rather than distinct lineages. This further underscores the necessity to better understand how different signals regulate MAIT cell function. In this review, we highlight what is known in regards to activating and inhibitory signals for MAIT cells with a specific focus on signals relevant to healthy and inflamed tissues. We consider the quantity, quality, and the temporal order of these signals on MAIT cell function and discuss the current limitations of computational tools to extrapolate which signals are received by MAIT cells in human tissues. Using lessons learned from conventional CD8 T cells, we also discuss how TCR signals may integrate with cytokine signals in MAIT cells to elicit distinct functional states.
The induction dose requirements of Propofol Injectable Emulsion may be reduced in patients with intramuscular or intravenous premedication, particularly with narcotics (e.g., morphine, meperidine, and fentanyl, etc.) and combinations of opioids and sedatives (e.g., benzodiazepines, barbiturates, chloral hydrate, droperidol, etc.). These agents may increase the anesthetic or sedative effects of Propofol Injectable Emulsion and may also result in more pronounced decreases in systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures and cardiac output. 

During maintenance of anesthesia or sedation, the rate of Propofol Injectable Emulsion administration should be adjusted according to the desired level of anesthesia or sedation and may be reduced in the presence of supplemental analgesic agents (e.g., nitrous oxide or opioids). The concurrent administration of potent inhalational agents (e.g., isoflurane, enflurane, and halothane) during maintenance with Propofol Injectable Emulsion has not been extensively evaluated. These inhalational agents can also be expected to increase the anesthetic or sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of Propofol Injectable Emulsion. 

The concomitant use of valproate and propofol may lead to increased blood levels of propofol. Reduce the dose of propofol when coadministering with valproate. Monitor patients closely for signs of increased sedation or cardiorespiratory depression.

Propofol Injectable Emulsion does not cause a clinically significant change in onset, intensity or duration of action of the commonly used neuromuscular blocking agents (e.g., succinylcholine and nondepolarizing muscle relaxants). 

No significant adverse interactions with commonly used premedications or drugs used during anesthesia or sedation (including a range of muscle relaxants, inhalational agents, analgesic agents, and local anesthetic agents) have been observed in adults. In pediatric patients, administration of fentanyl concomitantly with Propofol Injectable Emulsion may result in serious bradycardia.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Since the mid-twentieth century, obesity and its related comorbidities, notably insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), have surged. Nevertheless, their underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Evolutionary medicine (EM) sheds light on these issues by examining how evolutionary processes shape traits and diseases, offering insights for medical practice. This review summarizes the pathogenesis and genetics of obesity-related IR and T2D. Subsequently, delving into their evolutionary connections. Addressing limitations and proposing future research directions aims to enhance our understanding of these conditions, paving the way for improved treatments and prevention strategies.
RECENT FINDINGS: Several evolutionary hypotheses have been proposed to unmask the origin of obesity-related IR and T2D, e.g., the "thrifty genotype" hypothesis suggests that certain "thrifty genes" that helped hunter-gatherer populations efficiently store energy as fat during feast-famine cycles are now maladaptive in our modern obesogenic environment. The "drifty genotype" theory suggests that if thrifty genes were advantageous, they would have spread widely, but proposes genetic drift instead. The "behavioral switch" and "carnivore connection" hypotheses propose insulin resistance as an adaptation for a brain-dependent, low-carbohydrate lifestyle. The thrifty phenotype theory suggests various metabolic outcomes shaped by genes and environment during development. However, the majority of these hypotheses lack experimental validation. Understanding why ancestral advantages now predispose us to diseases may aid in drug development and prevention of disease. EM helps us to understand the evolutionary relation between obesity-related IR and T2D. But still gaps and contradictions persist. Further interdisciplinary research is required to elucidate complete mechanisms.
OBJECTIVES: I. Compare the time to treatment failure and overall survival in patients with newly diagnosed, previously untreated, Philadelphia chromosome positive, chronic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia treated with STI571 vs interferon alfa combined with cytarabine. II. Compare the quality of life and disease and treatment related toxicities in patients treated with these 2 regimens. III. Compare the rate and duration of complete hematologic response (CHR) and major cytogenetic response (MCR) in patients treated with these 2 regimens. IV. Compare the rate and duration of MCR and CHR attributable to crossover therapy in patients who crossover to receive STI571 OR interferon alfa combined with cytarabine. V. Compare the tolerability and safety of these regimens in these patients. VI. Determine the population pharmacokinetics of STI571 in these patients.

OUTLINE: This is a randomized, open label, crossover, multicenter study. Patients are randomized to one of two treatment arms: Arm I: Patients receive oral STI571 once daily. Arm II: Patients receive interferon alfa (IFN-A) subcutaneously (SQ) daily. Gradual intrapatient dose escalation is performed until the target dose of IFN-A is achieved. Patients then also receive cytarabine SQ daily for 10 days every month. Cytarabine is discontinued when a complete cytogenetic response is achieved and confirmed on two consecutive occasions not more than 3 months apart. Both arms: Courses repeat monthly in the absence of progression to accelerated phase or blast crisis, or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with no complete hematologic response at 6 months, no major cytogenetic response at year 2, or loss of complete hematologic response (without progression to accelerated or blastic phase) discontinue treatment on the arm to which they were originally randomized and begin treatment on the other arm. Crossover courses repeat monthly in the absence of progression to accelerated phase or blast crisis, or unacceptable toxicity. Quality of life is assessed prior to study; monthly for the first 6 months of study; at 9, 12, 18, and 24 months; at time of crossover (if applicable); and at treatment discontinuation before year 2 (if applicable). All patients are followed every 3 months for up to 8 years.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 850 patients (425 per arm) will be accrued for this study.
BACKGROUND: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is increasingly being used in younger patients and those with lower peri-procedural risk, meaning more patients will live long enough to experience structural valve deterioration (SVD) of the bioprosthesis, indicating repeated TAVI. Experience of repeated TAVI-transcatheter heart valve (THV) implantation into an index THV is limited. This registry aims to assess the peri-procedural and short-term safety, efficacy and durability of repeated TAVI.
METHODS: The ReTAVI Prospective observational registry is an investigator-initiated, multicentre, international, prospective registry of patients undergoing repeated TAVI using balloon-expandable SAPIEN prosthesis to evaluate procedural and short-term safety, efficacy and durability as well as anatomical and procedural factors associated with optimal results. The registry will enrol at least 150 patients across 60 high-volume centres. Patients must be ≥18 years old, have had procedural success with their first TAVI, have index THV device failure, intend to undergo repeated TAVI and be considered suitable candidates by their local Heart Team. All patients will undergo a 30-day and 12-month follow-up. The estimated study completion is 2025.
CONCLUSIONS: The registry will collect pre-, peri-, postoperative and 12-months data on patients undergoing repeated TAVI procedures with THVs for failure of the index THV and determine VARC-3-defined efficacy and safety at 30 days and functional outcome at 12 months. The registry will expand existing data sets and identify patient characteristics/indicators related to complications and clinical benefits for patients with symptomatic severe calcific degenerative aortic stenosis.
Objectives: To perform a systematic review on artificial intelligence (AI) performances to detect urinary stones. Methods: A PROSPERO-registered (CRD473152) systematic search of Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed databases was performed to identify original research articles pertaining to AI stone detection or measurement, using search terms ("automatic" OR "machine learning" OR "convolutional neural network" OR "artificial intelligence" OR "detection" AND "stone volume"). Risk-of-bias (RoB) assessment was performed according to the Cochrane RoB tool, the Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for nonrandomized studies, and the Checklist for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging (CLAIM). Results: Twelve studies were selected for the final review, including three multicenter and nine single-center retrospective studies. Eleven studies completed at least 50% of the CLAIM checkpoints and only one presented a high RoB. All included studies aimed to detect kidney (5/12, 42%), ureter (2/12, 16%), or urinary (5/12, 42%) stones on noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT), but 42% intended to automate measurement. Stone distinction from vascular calcification interested two studies. All studies used AI machine learning network training and internal validation, but a single one provided an external validation. Trained networks achieved stone detection, with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy rates ranging from 58.7% to 100%, 68.5% to 100%, and 63% to 99.95%, respectively. Detection Dice score ranged from 83% to 97%. A high correlation between manual and automated stone volume (r = 0.95) was noted. Differentiate distal ureteral stones and phleboliths seemed feasible. Conclusions: AI processes can achieve automated urinary stone detection from NCCT. Further studies should provide urinary stone detection coupled with phlebolith distinction and an external validation, and include anatomical abnormalities and urologic foreign bodies (ureteral stent and nephrostomy tubes) cases.
PURPOSE: An anticancer drug containing p53 fragment A is provided to suppress MEK/ERK activation and infiltration of cancer cells. CONSTITUTION: A polypeptide having anti-cancer activity contains 46-340 amino acids of sequence number 2. The polypeptide contains 160-206th amino acid in p53R2 amino acid sequence of sequence number 1. The polypeptide comprises an amino acid sequence selected from sequence numbers 2-4. An expression vector contains a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide. An anticancer drug contains the polypeptide or the expression vector containing the same as an active ingredient. The cancer is lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, kidney cancer, or prostate cancer.
Program characteristics: training frequency 5 times/week, 1 competition, frequency of stimulation of small side games (SSGs) and technical-tactical actions (ATT) of numerical superiority and inferiority 2 times/week, specific training time 30 to 42 minutes/session. The PTK will be evaluated through the Football Competence Observation System (FOCOS). Data analysis: Shapiro-Wilk will be applied and according to the results, the data will be summarized with means and standard deviation or with medians and interquartile ranges. A repeated measures design will be performed using ANOVA and MANOVA will also be performed. In addition, the assumption of homogeneity of the variances will be evaluated based on the Levene statistics. For executive functions, intragroup analysis will be performed using dependent Student's t-test or Wilcoxon. For intergroup analysis, t student for independent samples or U Mann Withney will be applied. Confidence intervals (CI95) and effect sizes for two tails will be reported, with an alpha (α) set at 0.05 and statistical power of 0.8 (1-β). Statistical significance (p≤0.05). SPSS version 27 and R version 4.0 will be used. Ethical aspects: the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki (2013) and the Ministry of Health and Social Protection (resolution 8430/1993) will be followed, this research is of minimal risk.