anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The present invention offers an effective alternative method for treating neurological disorders, preferably those induced by a nerve injury or by a neurodegenerative process. The present invention is the first to show that a substantially pure population of exosomes derived from menstrual stem cells (MenSCs) have the capacity to increase the neuritic outgrowth of cortical and sensory neurons. The present invention shows that a substantially pure population of MenSCs-derived exosomes increases the length of the longest neurite and the ramification pattern of cortical neurons. MenSc and bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) also promote the neuritic growth of neurons from the dorsal route ganglia. Overall, the invention offers a promising alternative method to treat neurological disorders involving the loss of nerve tissues. Since it is principally composed of exosomes produced by the stem cells present in menstrual fluid, the invention provides an ease access and repeated sampling in a non-invasive manner.
Randomized controlled trials by Basch (collaborator) and colleagues demonstrated that weekly electronic home-based PRO symptom monitoring with automated alerts to clinicians (Home ePRO) in cancer patients was associated with reduced healthcare utilization, improved quality of life, and increased overall survival. However, these trials were administered using infrastructure supported by research funding. A knowledge gap remains about optimal implementation strategies for and effectiveness of Home ePROs in real-world settings. To address this gap, investigators from two institutions will conduct a large-scale population-based implementation of an evidence-based Home ePRO intervention for all adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, including vulnerable populations such as African Americans, rural residents, and socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals. This implementation will leverage infrastructure from Medicare's payment reform projects (Oncology Care Model, Oncology Care First Model), which require and financially support patient navigators, a natural workforce for Home ePRO implementation. The investigators' hypothesis is that the deployed implementation strategies will result in successful navigator-delivered Home ePRO, which will improve both patient and health system outcomes. Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), this hypothesis will be tested using a hybrid type 2 design with three specific aims: 1) evaluate implementation of navigator-delivered Home ePRO for all cancer patients across multiple practice sites; 2) examine the barriers, facilitators, and implementation strategies used in implementing navigator-delivered Home ePRO; and 3) assess the impact of Home ePRO on clinical and utilization outcomes. In Aim 1, Home ePRO will be evaluated using implementation outcomes (service penetrance, provider adoption/penetration, intervention fidelity). In Aim 2, the investigators will gauge patient and healthcare team perceptions of barriers, facilitators of navigator-led Home ePRO, implementation strategies used to address these barriers, implementation strategy fidelity, and perception of implementation strategy ability to address barriers using an iterative qualitative analysis. In Aim 3, patient-level outcomes (functional status, distress, depression, healthcare utilization, cost, survival) will be evaluated using real-world data sources. The project is innovative because it will be the first study to evaluate real-world implementation of navigator-led Home ePRO for all cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, an approach that is both immediately scalable and sustainable within value-based payment models. The proposed research is significant because it is expected to demonstrate successful implementation of navigator-delivered Home ePRO and effectiveness of the ePRO intervention on diverse patient populations. Furthermore, the project will generate an implementation blueprint of successful implementation strategies that can be easily applied to other patient-reported outcomes, with the potential to positively impact patient care as health care transitions to a value-based system.
Individuals in this group will be applied a video-based rehabilitative game exercise program in addition to conventional exercises. A digital game network called 'Active Arcade Game' will be used for rehabilitative game exercises. Rehabilitative Game Exercise Group for 6 weeks, 2 days a week, for 45 minutes. This group will be given to basic body awareness exercises under the supervision of a physiotherapist for 2 days in our unit.
It is unknown whether giving pre-operative antibiotics affects the results of intraoperative bacterial cultures. This is an important question as antibiotics are often not given prior to surgery out of concern that accurate culture results will not be obtained. It is important to obtain accurate cultures so that targeted antibiotic therapy can be used. However, delaying the administration of antibiotics also delays the onset of treatment. Currently, the optimal course of action is unknown. The purpose of this study is to resolve this issue and determine if prophylactic antibiotics affect intra-operative culture results in patients undergoing revision hip or knee arthroplasty surgery for infection.

This is a prospective randomized clinical study to determine if prophylactic antibiotics affect intra-operative culture results in patients undergoing revision hip or knee arthroplasty surgery for infection. Pre-operatively, patients will have their affected joint aspirated and this fluid will be sent for cultures. Patients are then randomized to receive prophylactic antibiotics (Vancomycin and Ancef) within one hour prior to surgery or to have pre-operative antibiotics withheld. Every patient then has their affected joint cultured intra-operatively. All samples will be evaluated for the presence of aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, mycobacteria, and fungus. Pre-operative and post-operative cultures in both study populations are compared to determine the effects of pre-operative antibiotics.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare a safe erythropoietin solution preparation not containing a protein such as human serum albumin as a stabilizer, stable even for a long preservation and capable of being used instead of freeze dried agent by formulating an amino acid as the stabilizer. SOLUTION: This erythropoietin solution preparation includes an amino acid (preferably L-histidine and a salt thereof) as a stabilizer. The addition amount of the amino acid is preferably 1-2mg/ml in a case of the histidine. The amount of the erythropoietin included in the objective preparation is preferably 750-72,000IU/ml. The objective preparation is usually administered by a parenteral administration such as injection. An adsorption-preventing agent such as a polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkyl ester is preferably added to the objective preparation. The preparation is prepared by dissolving components such as the erythropoietin, the amino acid, etc., in an aqueous buffer liquid. The aqueous buffer liquid is preferably sodium citrate buffer liquid, etc. The objective preparation preferably has pH6-7 and includes no urea and a protein.
Those randomized to the intervention group will receive a smartphone with the intervention program preloaded in addition to a BP monitor. After recruitment, participants will receive a confirmatory interview, informed consent, and baseline device training via telephone, delivered by an experienced research assistant. Participants will be encouraged to complete 1 morning BP reading daily, irrespective of study arm, however, only the intervention group will receive reminders from the mHealth coaching intervention to check BP daily. BP readings are automatically uploaded via Bluetooth to a centralized, secure platform to be accessible to the study PI.
Participants with an early prodromal stage of an HSV-1 outbreak (less than 24 hours from initial symptom), with the visible manifestation of a lesion will be invited to participate in the study. Participants will apply a large drop of Medical Grade Mineral Oil in an unmarked container to a Q-tip and will hold the Q-tip on the HSV-1 lesion for 10 seconds. The medical grade mineral oil will be administered every waking hour in the same manner.
Participants with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC), and other tumor types with sponsor approval will receive JNJ-78306358. The dose will be escalated sequentially based on the decisions of the study evaluation team until the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) regimen(s) have been identified.
Safety and effectiveness have been established in pediatric patients 1 to 17 years of age. The effectiveness of rufinamide in pediatric patients 4 years of age and older was based upon an adequate and well-controlled trial of rufinamide that included both adults and pediatric patients, 4 years of age and older, with Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome. The effectiveness in patients 1 to less than 4 years was based upon a bridging pharmacokinetic and safety study [see Dosage and Administration (2.1), Adverse Reactions (6.1), and Clinical Studies (14)] . The pharmacokinetics of rufinamide in the pediatric patients, ages 1 to less than 4 years of age is similar to children older than 4 years of age and adults [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below the age of 1 year has not been established.  
  
Oral administration of rufinamide (0, 15, 50, or 150 mg/kg) to young rats for 10 weeks starting on postnatal day 7 resulted in decreased brain weights at the mid and high doses and neurobehavioral impairment (learning and memory deficit, altered startle response, decreased locomotor activity) and decreased growth (decreased body weight) at the highest dose tested. The no-effect dose for adverse effects on postnatal development in rats (15 mg/kg) was associated with a plasma exposure (AUC) lower than that in humans at the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 3200 mg/day.
The CF to CC switcher group includes all patients that were switched from a CF to a CC BoNT/A formulation. If more than one switch occurred, the first switch determines the group. Both switcher groups will in sum not exceed 325 patients.
Participants will receive single dose of JNJ-54416076 (in ascending dose) in Part 1 and 2 doses of JNJ-54416076 (one dose in the fasted state and an identical dose in the fed state) in Part 2. The dose selected for Part 2 will be selected based on the preliminary safety and PK data in Part 1.
An infusion data communication system provides a communication link among a fluid container, an infusion pump, and a patient through which identification data may be communicated. Data devices are located at the fluid container and the patient and conduct low frequency RF energy at a low power level containing the data into the medical fluid. The data-laden RF energy propagates through the medication fluid to data readers at the infusion pump which receives the RF energy and reads the data. A comparison is made to verify that the right medication is mounted to the infusion pump for administration to the right patient. RFID devices may be used for the data devices and readers. Pump programming data may also be propagated to the infusion pump from the container RFID tag. The RFID device at the patient may be writable and may be used to store a patient MAR.
Megacolon may be defined as dilatation of the abdominal colon with a minimum of 9 cm in diameter and the absence of mechanical obstruction. Chronic megacolon in adults is an acquired uncommon condition that generally is associated with constipation. It has to be distinguished from other forms of megacolon such as acute toxic megacolon, acute non-toxic megacolon (Ogilvie´s-syndrome) and congenital megacolon (Hirschsprung disease). Regardless of concomitant diseases and causes, most patients with chronic megacolon were treated by laxative measures. Less is known about the optimal conservative therapy . If conservative measures fail, there are several surgical options, depending upon anorectal function. However, less in known about the optimal surgical therapy of patients with chronic megacolon. The aim of this retrospective cohort study is to analyze all available data of patients with chronic megacolon in three clinical centers with respect of conservative and surgical therapies.
BACKGROUND: Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were reported less frequently during the COVID-19 pandemic. We report real-world data on COPD exacerbation rates before and during this pandemic.
METHODS: Exacerbation patterns were analysed using electronic medical records or claims data of patients with COPD before (2017-2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020 through early 2022) in France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom and the United States. Data from each country were analysed separately. The proportions of patients with COPD receiving maintenance treatment were also estimated.
RESULTS: The proportion of patients with exacerbations fell 45-78% across five countries in 2020 versus 2019. Exacerbation rates in most countries were reduced by >50% in 2020 compared with 2019. The proportions of patients with an exacerbation increased in most countries in 2021. Across each country, seasonal exacerbation increases seen during autumn and winter in pre-pandemic years were absent during the first year of the pandemic. The percentage of patients filling COPD prescriptions across each country increased by 4.53-22.13% in 2019 to 9.94-34.17% in 2021.
CONCLUSION: Early, steep declines in exacerbation rates occurred in 2020 versus 2019 across all five countries and were accompanied by a loss of the seasonal pattern of exacerbation.
Pioglitazone

There have been postmarketing reports of fatal and non-fatal hepatic failure in patients taking pioglitazone, although the reports contain insufficient information necessary to establish the probable cause. There has been no evidence of drug-induced hepatotoxicity in the pioglitazone-controlled clinical trial database to date [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. 

Patients with type 2 diabetes may have fatty liver disease or cardiac disease with episodic congestive heart failure, both of which may cause liver test abnormalities, and they may also have other forms of liver disease, many of which can be treated or managed. Therefore, obtaining a liver test panel (serum alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin) and assessing the patient is recommended before initiating DUETACT therapy. In patients with abnormal liver tests, DUETACT should be initiated with caution.

Measure liver tests promptly in patients who report symptoms that may indicate liver injury, including fatigue, anorexia, right upper abdominal discomfort, dark urine or jaundice. In this clinical context, if the patient is found to have abnormal liver tests (ALT greater than 3 times the upper limit of the reference range), DUETACT treatment should be interrupted and investigation done to establish the probable cause. DUETACT should not be restarted in these patients without another explanation for the liver test abnormalities.

Patients who have serum ALT greater than three times the reference range with serum total bilirubin greater than two times the reference range without alternative etiologies are at risk for severe drug-induced liver injury and should not be restarted on DUETACT. For patients with lesser elevations of serum ALT or bilirubin and with an alternate probable cause, treatment with DUETACT can be used with caution.
Drinking water contaminated by pathogenic micro-organisms increases the risk of infectious gastrointestinal disease which could potentially lead to acute kidney injury and even death, particularly amongst the young and the elderly. Earlier studies have shown a substantial reduction in the incidence of diarrheal disease over a period of one year using a polysulfone membrane water gravity-powered water filtration device. The current report is a continuation of these studies to assess the long-term effects of the innovative method on diarrheal incidence rates over a 4-year follow-up period. This follow-up study monitored the trend of self-reported diarrheal events in all households in the previously studied villages for 5 months, in the last half of each study year, using the same questionnaire utilized in the earlier study. Three villages that had no device yet installed served as controls. We computed monthly diarrheal incidence rates for all study years (standardized to per 100 person-months) and compared these to the pre-device incidence rate in 2018 and in the control group, using the Wilcoxon rank sum exact test. The average diarrheal incidence rates of 1.5 p100pm in 2019, 2.19 p100pm in 2021, and 0.54p100pm in 2022 were significantly different from an earlier study that reported 17.8 p100pm rates before the devices were installed in 2018, (all p-values < 0.05). Concomitantly, self-reported diarrheal infections were substantially higher in the "control villages" not yet having the filtration device installed (80.9, 77.6, and 21.5 per 100 pm). The consistent and large reduction in diarrhea incidence documents the long-term efficacy of the use of the membrane filtration device. This simple water purification method using gravity flow improves public health in remote regions with limited resources.
Participants in this group received ephedrine at a dosage of 1.25 mg/min immediately after the subarachnoid block. This dose is intended to prevent maternal hypotension by maintaining blood pressure during spinal anesthesia.
The invention provides application of hyphenazine and derivatives thereof in preparing medicaments for treating depression and prepared antidepressant medicaments. The application dosage is 0.01-30mg of the hypanthazine or the derivative thereof per kilogram of body weight, and the antidepressant effect can be produced within 60 minutes after the administration. After 5 days of administration, both low and high doses produced significant antidepressant effects. The research result of the invention shows that the galanthamine or the derivative thereof has the effect of quickly resisting depression in the tail suspension experiment of a mammal mouse, and is more effective than the conventional antidepressant imipramine. The invention adopts forced swimming experiment and mouse tail suspension experiment as drug screening experiment, and simultaneously carries out mouse Open field test (Open field test) to test the autonomous activity of the mouse, thereby avoiding the interference of central stimulant. The antidepressant drug has the advantages of obvious antidepressant effect, quick response, small dosage, small side effect and the like, and is expected to become a new antidepressant drug with high speed, high efficiency and a new mechanism.
The invention belongs to the field of medicines, and discloses a technology for co-loading nucleic acid and a small-molecule drug under the assistance of polysaccharide, and application of nano particles prepared by using the technology as an anti-tumor drug. At present, malignant tumors are diseases with highest mortality rate, and chemical medicines are mainly adopted for clinical treatment to kill tumor cells. However, this mode of treatment may lead to tumor resistance to drugs, one of the factors of resistance being high survivin protein expression. The problem of chemical resistance can be overcome by knockout of survivin by small interfering RNAs (sirnas). The invention prepares nano particles by a film dispersion method, and simultaneously loads small interfering RNA and taxol for resisting tumors. Compared with the traditional treatment method, the disclosed anti-tumor nano-particles can realize high-targeting, high-efficiency, multi-way and low-side effect treatment on malignant tumors.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus coated with a defoamer and capable of affording blood without containing foam in the apparatus for circulating the blood during heart surgery, or the like. SOLUTION: The apparatus for defoaming the blood has the surface in contact with the blood and the surface is coated with the defoamer having a hydrophobic component with lipophobic microdomains. The hydrophobic component is a silicone compound. The lipophobic microdomains contain fluorine. The defoamer is produced by reacting the silicone compound with a fluorinated dicarboxylic acid or a fluorinated dicarboxylic acid derivative. The fluorinated dicarboxylic acid derivative is tetrafluorodiethyl succinate. The surface coated with the defoamer is composed of a hydrophobic material selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyesters and other polymers.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an easily administrable solid preparation of H2 -blocker having reduced bitterness without using both a complicated production method having many steps, and a solvent by adding a specific sugar alcohol. SOLUTION: This easily administrable solid preparation of H2 -blocker is obtained by adding >=25 pts.wt. sugar alcohol such as xylitol, sorbitol, mannitol and erythritol having <=-60kJ/kg, preferably <=-100kJ/kg heat of dissolution to 1 pt.wt. H2 -blocker so as to be 50-99.9% of the total amount of the medicine. The sugar alcohol regardless of which has about same or less sweetness as sugar or dextrose hardly improving the bitterness, shows effects improving the bitterness of the H2 -blocker. Moreover, the addition of 1-menthol can further improve the improving effect of the bitterness. This solid medicine is readily dissolved and collapsed in the mouth, hardly provides rough feeling and easily administered while providing refrigerant with smooth feeling.  Further, the medicine can be formed into a better administration shape because hardly requiring the ingestion of large amount of water.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder that affects nearly half a billion people around the world and causes millions of deaths annually. Treatment of diabetes or related complications represents an economic burden not only for developing countries but also for the developed ones. Hence, new efficient therapeutic and preventive strategies and screening tools are necessary. The current work aimed to assess the potential association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) rs10096097, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB) rs6740584, and v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A (MafA) rs62521874 genes with type 2 DM susceptibility in Egyptians. A total of 96 patients with type 2 DM along with 72 healthy individuals participated in this study. Genotyping was executed via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the serum protein levels of GOAT, CREB, and MafA were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Genotyping revealed a significant association of GOAT rs10096097 and CREB1 rs6740584 SNPs with type 2 diabetes risk, with significantly higher GOAT rs10096097 G allele and CREB1 rs6740584 T allele frequencies in diabetic patients than in controls. However, insignificant association was identified between the MafA rs62521874 SNP and diabetes in the examined sample of the Egyptian residents. Serum GOAT, CREB1, and MafA protein levels did not vary significantly between diabetic and control individuals. Yet, significant variation in serum GOAT and CREB1 levels was detected between CREB1 rs6740584 genotypes within the diabetic group, with CT and TT genotype carriers showing higher levels than AA genotype patients. GOAT rs10096097 and CREB1 rs6740584, but not MafA rs62521874, SNPs are associated with type 2 diabetes risk in the studied Egyptians.