anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
AIMS: The aims of the study were to determine the relationship between preoperative geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and the occurrence of postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients after cardiac surgery and to evaluate the additive value of GNRI for predicting POD.
METHODS: The data were extracted from the Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care (MIMIC-IV) database. Patients who underwent cardiac surgery and were aged 65 or older were included. The relationship between preoperative GNRI and POD was investigated using logistic regression. We determined the added predictive value of preoperative GNRI for POD by measuring the changes in the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calculating the net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).
RESULTS: A total of 4286 patients were included in the study, and 659 (16.1%) developed POD. Patients with POD had significantly lower GNRI scores than patients without POD (median 111.1 vs. 113.4, p < 0.001). Malnourished patients (GNRI ≤ 98) had a significantly higher risk of POD (odds ratio, 1.83, 90% CI, 1.42-2.34, p < 0.001) than those without malnutrition (GNRI > 98). This correlation remains after adjusting for confounding variables. The addition of GNRI to the multivariable models slightly but not significantly increases the AUCs (all p > 0.05). Incorporating GNRI increases NRIs in some models and IDIs in all models (all p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed a negative association between preoperative GNRI and POD in elderly patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The addition of GNRI to POD prediction models may improve their predictive accuracy. However, these findings were based on a single-center cohort and will need to be validated in future studies involving multiple centers.
The study is designed as a randomized controlled trial with a crossover design. The outcome measure is the level of stress assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PPS), Swedish version (PSS 14). Inclusion criteria are resident general practitioners in Skåne, within the preliminary catchment area of Malmö Trelleborg, who have experienced any form of stress symptoms they believe are related to their work. Participants will be recruited through an oral presentation during an educational seminar in spring 2024. Those who are interested will get a link to a webb-based questionnaire where they can fill in their informed consent and contact information. Participants will be randomised to intervention (I) or waiting list (C). The interventions lasts for 6 weeks and consists of a 6 different mindfulness/ meditation/yoga-sessions (lasting for 20 minutes each). The sessions will be sent to the participant on USB-stick or via webb-link. Each of the 6 sessions are tailored to address a specific challenge that resident doctors may face in their daily work. The preliminary themes that will be addressed are 'Handling Mistakes,' 'Letting Go of Work,' 'Setting Boundaries,' 'Taking Breaks,' 'Being Good Enough,' and 'Managing Work Stress. The participants are encouraged to perform the program at least 3 times/week. Both groups will fill in the PSS-questionnaire at study start and after 6 weeks.

The control group will start the intervention after the second questionnaire (week 7-12) and will fill out the PSS-questionnaire a third time after intervention completion. The results will be analysed according to intention to treat. The Mann-Whitney U-test will be used to compare whether there is a significant difference in the change of median values on PSS 14 between the intervention and control groups.
INTRODUCTION: Astrocytes, specialized glial cells, are essential for maintaining the central nervous system homeostasis. Inflammatory conditions can disrupt neurotrophic factors and receptor expression in astrocytes, leading to potential central nervous system damage. Itaconate, recently identified for its anti-inflammatory properties, was investigated in this study for its effects on neurotrophic factors in LPS-stimulated primary rat astrocytes.
METHODS: Primary rat astrocyte cells were isolated from one-day-old Wistar rats and exposed to 1 µg/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 6 h to stimulate inflammation. The effect of DMI (62.5, 125, and 250 µM for 18 h) on the cell viability of astrocyte cells exposed to LPS was evaluated by the MTT assay. The effects of DMI on the mRNA and protein levels of NGF, BDNF, and GDNF were evaluated using ELISA and qRT-PCR assays. Protein and mRNA levels of neurotrophic factor receptors (TrkA, TrkB, and P75) were evaluated using qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses.
RESULTS: The results showed that DMI suppressed astrocytes cell death induced by LPS in a dose-dependent manner. DMI dose-dependently restored the reduced mRNA and protein levels of NGF, BDNF, GDNF, and TrkA and TrkB receptors in LPS-treated astrocytes, but it significantly decreased the p75 expression in the same condition.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, DMI may be able to support astrocyte survival and functions based on the restoration of neurotrophic factors and their receptors expression in LPS-stimulated astrocyte cells. This suggests that DMI could be a promising therapeutic option for neurodegenerative diseases characterized by inflammation-induced astrocyte dysfunction.
Perfluoropolyether compounds and methods of use are disclosed for preventing and/or treating topical viral infections. The perfluoropolyether compounds, or compositions containing the same, are administered topically to the area demonstrating viral infection. Exemplary perfluoropolyether compounds include Fomblin HC/04, Fomblin HC/25, and Fomblin HC/R. The perfluoropolyether compounds may be formulated into pharmaceutical compositions containing pharmaceutically and/or cosmetically accepted vehicles including, but not limited to, steroids, emulsifiers, antioxidants, and other optional components, or they may be administered as neat liquids. Preferably, the perfluoropolyether compounds are administered as neat liquids, and are applied to the affected area multiple times daily. Such application results in more rapid clearing of topical viral infections with limited recurrence.
Patients with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class B) and severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class C) experienced markedly higher systemic exposure of lubiprostone active metabolite M3, when compared to normal subjects [see ]. Clinical safety results demonstrated an increased incidence and severity of adverse events in subjects with greater severity of hepatic impairment. Clinical Pharmacology ( ) 12.3

In case of chronic idiopathic constipation or opioid-induced constipation indications, the starting dosage of Amitiza should be reduced in patients with moderate hepatic impairment. The starting dose of Amitiza should be reduced in all patients with severe hepatic impairment, regardless of the indication [see ]. No dosing adjustment is required in patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A). Dosage and Administration ( , ) 2.12.2
Hypertension is a pathological state of the metabolic syndrome that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Managing hypertension is challenging, and we aimed to identify the pathogenic factors and discern therapeutic targets for metabolic hypertension (MHR). An MHR rat model was established with the combined treatment of a high-sugar, high-fat diet and ethanol. Histopathological observations were performed using hematoxylin-eosin and Sirius Red staining. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to screen differentially expressed genes. The role of ubiquitin-specific protease 18 (USP18) in the proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress of HUVECs was explored using Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Moreover, USP18 downstream signaling pathways in MHR were screened, and the effects of USP18 on these signaling pathways were investigated by western blotting. In the MHR model, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels increased, while high-density lipoprotein levels decreased. Moreover, high vessel thickness and percentage of collagen were noted along with increased malondialdehyde, decreased superoxide dismutase and catalase levels. The staining results showed that the MHR model exhibited an irregular aortic intima and disordered smooth muscle cells. There were 78 differentially expressed genes in the MHR model, and seven hub genes, including USP18, were identified. USP18 overexpression facilitated proliferation and reduced apoptosis and oxidative stress in HUVECs treated with Ang in vitro. In addition, the JAK/STAT pathway was identified as a USP18 downstream signaling pathway, and USP18 overexpression inhibited the expression of JAK/STAT pathway-related proteins. Conclusively, USP18 restrained MHR progression by promoting cell proliferation, reversing apoptosis and oxidative stress, and suppressing the JAK/STAT pathway.
Liver failure (LF) is a severe life-threatening condition, and is a dramatic clinical syndrome with massive necrosis of liver cells, and liver transplantation is the only available therapeutic option for patients suffering with this condition. However, lack of donors, surgical complications, rejection, and high cost are serious problems. Since current therapeutic options for LF that is usually with extremely poor prognosis are still limited, recent studies indicate that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), due to their function in immune modulation and liver-damage repair, are of great therapeutic potential for this disease. Previous study showed that bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) replace hepatocytes in injured liver, and effectively rescue experimental liver failure and contribute to liver regeneration.The purpose of this study is to investigate the safety and initial efficacy of human umbilical cord MSC (UC-MSCs) treatment for patients with LF. In this study, MSCs were isolated from umbilical cord and generated in appropriate growth medium. 50 LF patients with LF received i.v. transfusion of 0.5-1.0×106 cells/kg of MSCs as the treated group and other 20 LF patients with LF were transfused with placebo without MSCs as control group. All 70 of them received the routine management for liver failure. During the 2-year follow up, the evaluation of safty and efficacy will be undergone to help to establish innovative cell-based therapies for the treatment of diseases.
II. Children presenting directly to a referral health facility without prior administration of RAS (post-RAS): group not receiving pre-referral RAS and hence having baseline pressure for K13 resistance markers.
Oral contraceptive pill and day 21 GnRH agonist began, Day 3 of menstruation 150 IU FSH will be started. If 3 or more follicle reach \>17 mm hCG will be administered.
PURPOSE: The image contrast of postmortem magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may differ from that of antemortem MRI because of circulator arrest, changes in postmortem tissue, and low-body-temperature scanning conditions. In fact, we have found that the signal intensity of white matter (WM) on T1-weighted spin-echo (T1WSE) images of the postmortem brain was lower than that of gray matter (GM), which resulted in image contrast reversal between GM and WM relative to the living brain. However, the reason for this phenomenon is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study is to clarify the reason why image contrast reversal occurs between GM and WM of the postmortem brain.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-three corpses were included in the study (mean age, 60.6 years; range: 19-60 years; mean rectal temperature at scan, 6.9℃; range: 4-11℃). On a 1.5 T MRI system, postmortem T1W-SE MRI of the brain was conducted in the 23 corpses prior to medico-legal autopsy. Next, T1 and T2 of the GM and WM at the level of the basal ganglia were determined in the same participants using inversion recovery and multiple SE sequences, respectively. The proton density (PD) was also calculated from the T1 and T2 images (in the same slice).
RESULTS: T1W-SE image contrast between the GM and WM of all postmortem brains was inverted relative to the living brain. T1 (579 ms in GM and 307 ms in WM) and PD (64 in GM and 44 in WM) of the postmortem brain decreased compared with the living brain. While T1 of WM/GM remained below 1 even postmortem, the PD of WM/GM decreased. T2 (110 ms in GM and 98 ms in WM) of the postmortem brain did not differ from the living brain.
CONCLUSION: The decrease in PD of WM/GM in the postmortem brain may be the major driver of contrast reversal between the GM and WM relative to the living brain.
Xiongdan Wan is used in patients diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder. The daily dose (1350mg per day) should be strictly controlled according to the experimental design.
Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) affects an estimated 30,000 people in the United States. It is caused by a mutation in the gene encoding a protein called cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR). This protein functions as a chloride channel in epithelial cells of multiple organ systems. The mutation results in a dysfunctional or absent CFTR channel and a decrease in chloride secretion, which results in thickened secretions in multiple organ systems including the lungs and gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This patient population commonly suffers from nutritional deficiency, and achieving and maintaining normal nutritional status is an important goal of therapy as body mass index (BMI) is positively correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), a measure of pulmonary function. Lubiprostone activates type 2 chloride channels (ClC-2) on the apical membrane of GI epithelial cells. Because its mechanism of action closely parallels the disease pathology, lubiprostone has the potential to provide GI benefits beyond the relief of constipation. Objectives: The proposed pilot project is a prospective observational study to examine the effects of lubiprostone in adults with CF. The specific aims are to determine the effects of lubiprostone on: 1) nutritional markers and 2) pulmonary function in adults with CF. Methods: Adults with CF who are currently taking lubiprostone chronically will be sought for enrollment. Study subjects will be followed for approximately 3-months with serial assessment of indicators of nutrition and pulmonary function. Nutritional markers to be measured include body weight, albumin, prealbumin, and vitamins A, D, and E. Pulmonary function will be assessed by pulmonary function tests, a survey to monitor for symptoms of pulmonary exacerbation, and monitoring of the frequency of hospitalizations and IV antibiotic use. Expected Results: We expect to see a beneficial effect on nutritional markers, body weight, and BMI. We hope this translates into a concomitant improvement in pulmonary function.
FIELD: biotechnology, medicine. SUBSTANCE: method of preparing the wound-healing preparation is carried out by culturing strain-producers of lower fungus Blakeclea trispora (+)T and (-)T followed by biomass separation. Biomass is treated with chemical reagents followed by dialysis. After dialysis aminoglycoside antibiotic (gentamycin or tobramycin) and water are added to lyophilized or nonlyophilized product. EFFECT: increased yield of end product, enhanced antibacterial activity. 2 cl, 4 ex
Human herpes virus is a family of DNA viruses that includes herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV). HSV-1 and HSV-2 are fairly common and result in oral and genital lesions. Recurrent infections of herpes include lesions on the lips resulting in pain and possibly societal stigma, making adequate treatment of these conditions crucial. VZV is the cause of chicken pox and shingles. Acyclovir and other nucleoside analogues have been the gold standard of treatment for HSV and VZV, but newer, more effective treatments are being developed, which is beneficial regarding the issue of resistance to standard antivirals. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is also a DNA virus with different subtypes that result in four common oral benign lesions. The significance and treatments of HSV, VZV, and HPV are discussed, along with certain developing treatments of herpes labialis (HSV).
Rondomized patients undergo 3-month neoadjuvant therapy (NHT) within 14 days and receive Iodine I-125 implantation therapy (TPPB). 40 weeks observation is followed under no further treatment.
BACKGROUND: Damage to the insula has been associated with various types of cardiovascular dysfunction, including arrhythmias and blood pressure imbalances. Acute neuroendocrine disturbances following insular damage have also been described.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 50-year-old right-handed man with a left insular ischemic lesion exhibited aphasia and right central VII nerve palsy. Five days after the stroke, the patient exhibited severe bradycardia and hypotension. He had been treated for ocular trauma with prednisone for the preceding 3 weeks. Cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels indicated secondary adrenal insufficiency. Despite adequate fluid intake, the patient's blood pressure dropped, requiring norepinephrine administration. Midodrine was also initiated, leading to clinical improvement. The therapy was gradually discontinued as vital signs normalized. By Day 24, electrocardiogram monitoring was unremarkable, hormonal levels normalized, and the neurological examination revealed only mild residual speech fluency impairment. Computed tomography scans confirmed a recovering ischemic lesion of the left insula.
CONCLUSIONS: This case reveals the inhibitory effect exerted by a left-sided insular stroke on the autonomic system. It also highlights the still largely unexplored neuroendocrine complications of damage to this brain region.
Accurately and promptly assessing pain in experimental animals is extremely important to avoid unnecessary suffering of the animals and to enhance the reproducibility of experiments. This is a key concern for veterinarians, animal caretakers, and researchers from the perspectives of veterinary care and animal welfare. Various methods including ethology, immunohistochemistry, electrophysiology, and molecular biology are used for pain assessment. However, the grimace scale, which was developed by taking cues from interpreting pain through facial expressions of non-verbal infants, has become recognized as a very simple and practical method for objectively evaluating pain levels by scoring changes in an animal's expressions. This method, which was first implemented with mice approximately 10 years ago, is now being applied to various experimental animals and is widely used in research settings. This review focuses on the usability of the grimace scale from the "cage-side" perspective, aiming to make it a more user-friendly tool for those involved in animal experiments. Differences in facial expressions in response to pain in various animals, examples of applying the grimace scale, current automated analytical methods, and future prospects are discussed.
PURPOSE: To prepare a topical composition including a 2-hydroxycarboxylic acid derivative and to provide a method for alleviating and treating a signal of change of skin, nail and hair bound with intrinsic and extrinsic aging by using the topical composition. CONSTITUTION: This composition includes a 2-hydroxycarboxylic acid of the formula (Ra) (Rb)C(OH)COOH (Ra and Rb are each H, F, Cl, Br, a 1-29C alkyl, etc.) or a related compound, e.g. 2-hydroxyethanoic acid as an active ingredient. The composition is used by coating the one on the skin or an appendage thereof. The composition alleviates and treats skin change or damage by intrinsic aging such as dermal gland, tumor, freckle, wrinkles, pigmentation, shrinkage, nodule, and coarse and roughened dried skin, and by extrinsic factor such as sun light, radial rays, air pollution, wind, cold air, heat, humidity, chemicals, smoke and smoking. Further, the composition can improve whole quality of nails and hairs damaged by the intrinsic aging or extrinsic factor.
Myofibroblast buildup and prostatic fibrosis play a crucial role in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Treatments specifically targeting myofibroblasts could be a promising approach for treating BPH. Tadalafil, a phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, holds the potential to intervene in this biological process. This study employs prostatic stromal fibroblasts to induce myofibroblast differentiation through TGFβ1 stimulation. As a result, tadalafil significantly inhibited prostatic stromal fibroblast proliferation and fibrosis process, compared to the control group. Furthermore, our transcriptome sequencing results revealed that tadalafil inhibited FGF9 secretion and simultaneously improved miR-3126-3p expression via TGFβ1 suppression. Overall, TGFβ1 can trigger pro-fibrotic signaling through miR-3126-3p in the prostatic stroma, and the use of tadalafil can inhibit this process.
BACKGROUND: To discuss the impact of overactive bladder (OAB) on medical students. overactive bladder. is a chronic condition that causes sudden and intense urges to urinate, which can have significant physical and psychological effects on patients' lives. The prevalence of OAB among medical students is relatively high, with some studies reporting rates as high as 35.4%. This research aims to shed light on the prevalence rates and risk factors associated with OAB among medical students in Jordan.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online self-reported questionnaire as the study tool. The questionnaire collected the sociodemographic, health, and academic characteristics of medical students, as well as the new 7-item OABSS score.
RESULTS: Out of the total sample of medical students surveyed (n = 525), 44.5% reported experiencing symptoms of OAB. Furthermore, the analysis also revealed that there was a significant difference in the prevalence of OAB between the ages of medical students. In addition, the study also found that there was a significant association between OAB symptoms and basic years, positive history of diagnostic UTI, positive history of recent trauma, high stress, and taking certain medications.
CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the need for further research in this area and emphasizes the possible implications of OAB for medical students, including the need for additional support and resources to manage the condition.