anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) derived from European individuals have reduced portability across global populations, limiting their clinical implementation at worldwide scale. Here, we investigate the performance of a wide range of PRS models across four ancestry groups (Africans, Europeans, East Asians, and South Asians) for 14 conditions of high-medical interest.
METHODS: To select the best-performing model per trait, we first compared PRS performances for publicly available scores, and constructed new models using different methods (LDpred2, PRS-CSx and SNPnet). We used 285 K European individuals from the UK Biobank (UKBB) for training and 18 K, including diverse ancestries, for testing. We then evaluated PRS portability for the best models in Europeans and compared their accuracies with respect to the best PRS per ancestry. Finally, we validated the selected PRS models using an independent set of 8,417 individuals from Biobank of the Americas-Genomelink (BbofA-GL); and performed a PRS-Phewas.
RESULTS: We confirmed a decay in PRS performances relative to Europeans when the evaluation was conducted using the best-PRS model for Europeans (51.3% for South Asians, 46.6% for East Asians and 39.4% for Africans). We observed an improvement in the PRS performances when specifically selecting ancestry specific PRS models (phenotype variance increase: 1.62 for Africans, 1.40 for South Asians and 0.96 for East Asians). Additionally, when we selected the optimal model conditional on ancestry for CAD, HDL-C and LDL-C, hypertension, hypothyroidism and T2D, PRS performance for studied populations was more comparable to what was observed in Europeans. Finally, we were able to independently validate tested models for Europeans, and conducted a PRS-Phewas, identifying cross-trait interplay between cardiometabolic conditions, and between immune-mediated components.
CONCLUSION: Our work comprehensively evaluated PRS accuracy across a wide range of phenotypes, reducing the uncertainty with respect to which PRS model to choose and in which ancestry group. This evaluation has let us identify specific conditions where implementing risk-prioritization strategies could have practical utility across diverse ancestral groups, contributing to democratizing the implementation of PRS.
Retrospective data collection (Apr 2012 - Apr 2014) of 68 surgical procedures (performed after Jan 2002) at six Japanese centers used to treat femoral-popliteal artery symptomatic PAD for purposes of establishing the invasiveness control data for hospital stay duration, avoidance of general anesthesia and avoidance of intra-operative transfusion. Eligibility criteria for inclusion werer established to be consistent with the experimental arm.
The combination of decreasing food intake and increasing energy expenditure represents a powerful strategy for counteracting cardiometabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes1. Yet current pharmacological approaches require conjugation of multiple receptor agonists to achieve both effects2-4, and so far, no safe energy-expending option has reached the clinic. Here we show that activation of neurokinin 2 receptor (NK2R) is sufficient to suppress appetite centrally and increase energy expenditure peripherally. We focused on NK2R after revealing its genetic links to obesity and glucose control. However, therapeutically exploiting NK2R signalling has previously been unattainable because its endogenous ligand, neurokinin A, is short-lived and lacks receptor specificity5,6. Therefore, we developed selective, long-acting NK2R agonists with potential for once-weekly administration in humans. In mice, these agonists elicit weight loss by inducing energy expenditure and non-aversive appetite suppression that circumvents canonical leptin signalling. Additionally, a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp reveals that NK2R agonism acutely enhances insulin sensitization. In diabetic, obese macaques, NK2R activation significantly decreases body weight, blood glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol, and ameliorates insulin resistance. These findings identify a single receptor target that leverages both energy-expending and appetite-suppressing programmes to improve energy homeostasis and reverse cardiometabolic dysfunction across species.
Participants randomized to BSI will receive the intervention aimed at reducing nightmares, insomnia, and sleep avoidance behavior. The treatment will be administered over 8 weeks. The intervention sessions will consist of two individual, 45-minute treatment sessions, delivered on Weeks 1 and 3. A 45-minute "booster" session will be conducted on Week 5. Thirty-minute face-to-face contacts will be scheduled on other weeks (i.e., Weeks 2, 4, 6, 7 and 8) to address any difficulty with the treatment instructions and techniques, to answer questions that may have occurred, and to complete weekly clinical ratings (CGI-I/SR and ASES).
Over 10 million adults in the United States have osteoporosis, and another 18 million have low bone mass, a risk factor for developing this disease. Each year, approximately 1.5 million fractures are associated with osteoporosis. Adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D is the current nutritional approach to preventing age-related bone loss. However, even with sufficient levels of these nutrients, bone loss can still occur. Too much acid in the body, caused by diet, aging, and protein metabolism, appears to be linked to loss of calcium via urine, bone loss, and muscle breakdown. Potassium citrate can neutralize acids. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of various doses of potassium citrate on bone density and muscle mass in older, healthy adults.

This study will last 6 months. Baseline measurements will take place from Weeks 1 through 4. During this time, participants will first receive a placebo over a 2-week period. Participants will then undergo a calcium balance study, involving consumption of certain study foods for 12 days and an overnight stay at the research unit for a calcium absorption test. The calcium balance study will be followed by blood collection. At Week 5, participants will be randomly assigned to receive either potassium citrate or placebo daily. For the first 9 weeks of treatment, there will be weekly blood collection and periodic urine collection for all participants. At Month 6, blood and urine will again be collected, and participants will complete questionnaires on diet and physical activity, and a second calcium balance study.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hemorrhagic transformation can occur as a complication of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke. This study aimed to determine whether ischemia depth as measured by admission CTP metrics can predict the development of hemorrhagic transformation at 24 hours.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with baseline CTP and 24-hour follow-up imaging from the ESCAPE-NA1 trial were included. RAPID software was used to generate CTP volume maps for relative CBF, CBV, and time-to-maximum at different thresholds. Hemorrhage on 24-hour imaging was classified according to the Heidelberg system, and volumes were calculated. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses assessed the association between CTP lesion volumes and hemorrhage/hemorrhage subtypes.
RESULTS: Among 408 patients with baseline CTP, 142 (35%) had hemorrhagic transformation at 24-hour follow-up, with 89 (63%) classified as hemorrhagic infarction (HI1/HI2), and 53 (37%), as parenchymal hematoma (PH1/PH2). Patients with HI or PH had larger volumes of low relative CBF and CBV at each threshold compared with those without hemorrhage. After we adjustied for baseline and treatment variables, only increased relative CBF <30% lesion volume was associated with any hemorrhage (adjusted OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.02-1.27 per 10 mL), as well as parenchymal hematoma (adjusted OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.06-1.43 per 10 mL). No significant associations were observed for hemorrhagic infarction.
CONCLUSIONS: Larger "core" volumes of relative CBF <30% were associated with an increased risk of PH following endovascular treatment. This particular metric, in conjunction with other clinical and imaging variables, may, therefore, help estimate the risk of post-endovascular treatment hemorrhagic complications.
According to the latest guidelines, ultrasound guidance has become the golden standard in Jugular Central Venous Catheter applications. This reveals the necessity of theoretical and practical training on USG for jugular central venous catheter training. Models for jugular venous catheterization training are few in number and also expensive. Thus, the investigators built an Homemade Jugular Venous Catheterization Model which meant to be cheap and easy to make and transport. With this study, the investigators will test whether this model will provide any benefit to the success of the training on USG Guided Jugular Venous Catheterization.

Two different training sessions are planned as one will include the training model and the other will not. The study will be conducted with resident physicians without any experience on jugular venous catheterization or ultrasound-guided interventions of any kind. Participants will be divided into two groups with stratified random sampling (According to specialties and years of residency) and the both will attend to a 30 minutes lecture on jugular venous catheterization with US guidance and basic ultrasound principles including a demo video illustrating the procedure. Later, the participants will practice ultrasound imaging of right jugular vein on a real human subject. The model training group will be named Group 1 and control group will be named Group 2. Group 1 will also practice jugular vein puncture on the training model. After training sessions, each participant will be tested with a different model placed in a manikin. The assessment session will include successful visualization of the jugular vein, puncture of the jugular vein, and insertion of the guide wire. Evaluation of the success and fail parameters (explained in outcome parameters) will be monitored by four educated supervisors. The sessions for both of the groups are planned to take 120 minutes in total and the assessment will be limited to five minutes individually.
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) is one of most frequent female malignancies that poses multiple challenges in treatment and prevention. This study aimed to explore the role of miRNAs and their target genes during the BC progression.
METHODS: Based on the BC data (113 normal and 1,118 tumor samples) from the TCGA-BRCA dataset, a single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was applied to calculate the cancer migration scores, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed using the WGCNA R package, with a focus on the set of genes associated with cancer migration. Key modules and hub genes related to cell migration and signaling pathways were identified. Survival analysis of hub genes was conducted using the survminer R package, and prediction of regulatory miRNAs were performed to analyze their impact on BC prognosis. In addition, the BC cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 were used to further explore the effect of hsa-miR-1972 mimics on the gene expression and angiogenic factor regulation.
RESULTS: The study classified important modules (MEblue, MEmagenta, MEpink, and MEfloralwhite) associated with cell migration and identified three hub genes, namely, MRPL20, COL4A1 and VWF. Survival analysis showed that certain hub genes with a low expression were related to a poor prognosis, whereas low-expressed COL4A1 and VWF were related to better survival outcomes. We also found that hsa-miR-1972 mimics significantly downregulated critical genes involved in BC metastasis and angiogenesis and effectively inhibited the proliferation of BC cell lines, showing a strong therapeutic potential. Manipulation of VWF expression in cells overexpressing hsa-miR-1972 had significant effects on the malignant markers and angiogenic factors, suggesting a novel therapeutic direction for BC treatment.
CONCLUSION: Our study highlighted the complex interplay of genetic factors in BC progression as well as the therapeutic potential of targeting specific miRNAs and their related hub genes. These findings provided novel insights into the pathogenesis of BC and suggested new direction for the therapeutic development for the cancer.
The invention discloses a malignant tumor identification system based on blood routine, biochemical and urine routine test data, and belongs to the field of medical test and malignant tumor identification. The overall architecture comprises a data acquisition module for acquiring routine test data, such as blood routine, biochemical data, urine routine and the like. And the data preprocessing module is used for further cleaning and screening the acquired conventional inspection data, discarding useless data, selecting data with malignant tumor labels in the conventional data, judging whether the point is usable or not before outlier processing, treating the point as noise if the point is usable, and filling missing values of the data, carrying out unbalanced processing on sample data and standardizing the data if the point is usable. And the model construction module is used for classifying the data into a positive data group and a negative data group, then dividing the data into a training set, a testing set and a verification set, and then training the data by using the neural network integration model. And a malignant tumor identification module, which is used for identifying the malignant tumor by using the constructed optimal model and inputting conventional inspection data. The malignant tumor recognition system has the advantages that the malignant tumor recognition system is based on routine test data of a hospital clinical laboratory, has a special malignant tumor leakage prevention function for the hospital clinical laboratory, and has a malignant tumor disease prompting function for a patient.
Safety and effectiveness of SOLIRIS for the treatment of PNH, gMG, or NMOSD in pediatric patients have not been established.

The safety and effectiveness of SOLIRIS for the treatment of aHUS have been established in pediatric patients. Use of SOLIRIS in pediatric patients for this indication is supported by evidence from four adequate and well-controlled clinical studies assessing the safety and effectiveness of SOLIRIS for the treatment of aHUS. The studies included a total of 47 pediatric patients (ages 2 months to 17 years). The safety and effectiveness of SOLIRIS for the treatment of aHUS appear similar in pediatric and adult patients [see Adverse Reactions (6.1), and Clinical Studies (14.2)].

Administer vaccinations for the prevention of infection due to Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) according to ACIP guidelines [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.3)].
A topical composition comprising: (a) a 100 µg/mL ethanolic extract from the plant Aspalathus linearis (also known as rooibos or red bush); and (b) a dermatologically acceptable carrier, for use in a method of preventing or treating a hypopigmentary disorder of skin a subject, the method comprising applying the topical composition to the skin, is provided. The topical composition may be a lotion, cream, gel, serum, or emulsion. The topical composition may comprise one or more additives selected from a rheology modifier, a suspending agent, a thickener, a denaturant, a humectant, a solvent, an emollient, an emulsifier and/or a preservative. The hypopigmentary disorder may be selected from idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis, pityriasis alba, progressive macular hypomelanosis, post-inflammatory hypopigmentation, leukoderma, vitiligo and hypopigmented scarring. The topical composition stimulates melanin production and/or melanin transfer. The composition may comprise (a) 100 µg/mL crude ethanolic extract of Aspalathus linearis; (b) acrylates/C10‑30 alkyl acrylate cross-polymer; (c) glycerin; (d) caprylic/capric triglyceride; (e) isopropyl myristate; (f) dicaprylyl carbonate; (g) acrylate/acrylamide copolymer dispersed in oil and polysorbate-85; (h) a phenoxyethanol and ethylhexylglycerin preservative blend; and (i) water.
The invention belongs to a traditional Chinese medicine, and in particular relates to a traditional Chinese medicine for treating acute lymphadenitis. The traditional Chinese medicine is characterized by being prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10g to 30g of honeysuckle, 10g to 30g of fresh folium artemisiae argyi, 10g to 30g of fresh dandelion and 5g to 15g of angelica sinensis. The traditional Chinese medicine is taken after being decocted in clear water. One dose of decoction is directly and orally taken twice everyday. An obvious effect is obtained after the traditional Chinese medicine is taken for 4 to 5 days. According to the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation theory, the traditional Chinese medicine is simple in formula, easy in material obtainment, low in cost, high in treatment effect and free of toxic and side effect, and is used for effectively treating the acute lymphadenitis.
Purpose: Myofascial pain syndrome, thought to be the main cause of neck pain and shoulder muscle tenderness in the working population, is characterized by myofascial trigger points (MTrPs). This study aimed to examine the immediate and short-term effect of the combination of two therapeutic techniques for improving neck pain and muscle tenderness in male patients with upper trapezius active MTrPs.

Methods: This was a pretest-posttest single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Sixty male subjects with mechanical neck pain due to upper trapezius active MTrPs were recruited and randomly allocated into group A, which received muscle energy technique (MET) and ischemic compression technique (ICT)along with conventional intervention; group B, which received all the interventions of group A except ICT; and group C, which received conventional treatment only. Baseline (Pr), immediate post-intervention (Po), and 2-week follow-up (Fo) measurements were made for all variables. Pain intensity and pressure pain threshold (PPT)were assessed by a visual analog scale (VAS) and pressure threshold meter, respectively. All three groups received their defined intervention plans only. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to perform intra- inter-group analyses. Cohen's d test was used to assess the effect size of the applied interventions within the groups.
The invention relates to compounds that exhibit the agonistic or antagonistic activity of NGF and BDNF neurotrophins and are in the form of monomeric or dimeric substituted dipeptides which are analogs of externally exposed sections of loops 1 or 4 of said neurotrophins, which sections are close to or coincide with the beta turns of said loops. N-acyl substituents of the above-mentioned dipeptides are the bioisosteres of the amino acid residues which precede the dipeptide sequence in the primary neurotrophin structure. The dimeric structure is preferably formed with the aid of hexamethylenediamine, to which the dipeptides are joined by the carboxylic groups thereof. The claimed compounds exhibit neuroprotective and differentiation activities on cell models, and make it possible to increase the concentration of the phosphorylated form of tyrosine kinase A and the heat shock proteins Hsp32 and Hsp70 with concentrations of 10"5-10~9M. They also exhibit neuroprotective, antiparkinsonian, antiapoplectic, antiischemic, antidepressant and antiamnesic activity on animal models and exhibit activity on experimental models of Alzheimer's disease. When administered intra-abdominally, the claimed compounds exhibit effects in vivo within a dose range of 0.01-10 mg/kg.
The invention aims at providing an external powder patch for treating hyperosteogeny, wherein the formula comprises centipede, scorpion, bombys batryticatus, radix angelicae and pangolin in a mass ratio of (3-4):(2-3):(3-5):(3-6):1. The medicines in the formula aforementioned are completely dried in the sun and then grinded into a powder, repeatedly sieved as fine as possible, and filled in a clean and dry glass bottle for the future use. When in use, a small amount, about 0.13 g, of the powder is picked out by a small spoon, uniformly coated on the corresponding part with hyperosteogeny, and then covered on the medicine-sprinkled skin by a rubberized fabric or a common rheumatism paste, and repeatedly massaged and patched tightly. The medicine is changed every 5-7 days and changed every 3-4 days in summer, one treatment course comprise 10 times, and hyperosteogeny can be cured after 1-2 treatment courses generally. The external powder patch provided by the invention can effectively treat the hyperosteogeny of each part of the whole body, and can treat diseases such as stiff neck and lumbar muscle degeneration. The external powder patch is better in an effect of treating the hyperosteogeny of cervical vertebra, lumbar vertebra and knee-joint bone, and more remarkable in curative effect compared with a traditional massaging method.
Phantom tooth pain (PTP) is one type of non-odontogenic neuropathic toothache, which rarely occurs after appropriate pulpectomy or tooth extraction. The cause of PTP is unknown. We investigated pain-related genetic factors that are associated with PTP. Four pain-associated genes, including G protein-coupled receptor 158 (GPR158) and phosphoribosyl transferase domain containing 1 (PRTFDC1), are adjacent to each other on the human genome. Some of these four genes or their genomic region may be related to PTP. We statistically analyzed associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genomic region and PTP in patients with PTP (PTP group), other orofacial pain (OFP group), and healthy control subjects. We then performed a database search of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs). For the seven SNPs that were significantly associated with PTP even after Bonferroni correction, we focused on the rs12411980 tag SNP (p = 9.42 × 10-4). Statistical analyses of the PTP group and healthy subject groups (group labels: NOC and TD) revealed that the rate of the GG genotype of the rs12411980 SNP was significantly higher in the PTP group than in the healthy subject groups (PTP group vs. NOC group: p = 2.92 × 10-4, PTP group vs. TD group: p = 5.46 × 10-4; percentage of GG: 30% in PTP group, 12% in NOC group, 11% in TD group). These results suggest that the GG genotype of the rs12411980 SNP is more susceptible to PTP. The rs2765697 SNP that is in strong linkage disequilibrium with the rs12411980 SNP is an eQTL that is associated with higher PRTFDC1 expression in the minor allele homozygotes in the healthy subject groups of the rs2765697 SNP. Thus, PRTFDC1 expression similarly increases in the minor allele homozygotes (GG genotype) in the healthy subject groups of the rs12411980 SNP, which would lead to greater susceptibility to PTP.
Evidence-based tobacco dependence treatment consists of behavioral counseling and pharmacotherapy. Nicotine patch is an FDA-approved cessation aid. The optimal duration of counseling and pharmacotherapy for patients undergoing low-dose CT (LDCT) lung screening is not clear. In addition, helping smokers to address other social and psychological barriers might help them succeed in quitting smoking. This randomized controlled trial will test, in a factorial design, two options for delivering each of 3 interventions to help current smokers stop smoking in the context of having routine CT lung cancer screening. Patients will receive 4 or 8 weeks of behavioral counseling (with their choice of video conferencing or regular telephone calls), 2 or 8 weeks of nicotine patch, and will receive referral (vs. no referral) to an online resource to connect smokers to community-based social service resources. Outcome measures for smoking cessation will be assessed by a survey administered by phone at 3,and 6 months.