anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Adult Patients

The safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride for sedation of non-intubated adult patients prior to and/or during surgical and other procedures was evaluated in two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trials. Study 1 evaluated the sedative properties of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in adult patients having a variety of elective surgeries/procedures performed under monitored anesthesia care. Study 2 evaluated dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in adult patients undergoing awake fiberoptic intubation prior to a surgical or diagnostic procedure. 

In Study 1, the sedative properties of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride were evaluated by comparing the percent of adult patients not requiring rescue midazolam to achieve a specified level of sedation using the standardized Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale (see Table 15). 

Adult patients were randomized to receive a loading infusion of either dexmedetomidine hydrochloride 1 mcg/kg, dexmedetomidine hydrochloride 0.5 mcg/kg, or placebo (normal saline) given over 10 minutes and followed by a maintenance infusion started at 0.6 mcg/kg/hr. The maintenance infusion of study drug could be titrated from 0.2 mcg/kg/hr to 1 mcg/kg/hr to achieve the targeted sedation score (Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale ≤4). Adult patients were allowed to receive rescue midazolam as needed to achieve and/or maintain an Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale ≤4. After achieving the desired level of sedation, a local or regional anesthetic block was performed. Demographic characteristics were similar between the dexmedetomidine hydrochloride and comparator groups. Efficacy results showed that dexmedetomidine hydrochloride was more effective than the comparator group when used to sedate non-intubated patients requiring monitored anesthesia care during surgical and other procedures (see Table 15). 

In Study 2, the sedative properties of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride were evaluated by comparing the percent of adult patients requiring rescue midazolam to achieve or maintain a specified level of sedation using the Ramsay Sedation Scale score ≥2 (see Table 12). Adult patients were randomized to receive a loading infusion of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride 1 mcg/kg or placebo (normal saline) given over 10 minutes and followed by a fixed maintenance infusion of 0.7 mcg/kg/hr. After achieving the desired level of sedation, topicalization of the airway occurred. Adult patients were allowed to receive rescue midazolam as needed to achieve and/or maintain a Ramsay Sedation Scale ≥2. Demographic characteristics were similar between the dexmedetomidine hydrochloride and comparator groups. For efficacy results see Table 16. 

Pediatric use information is approved for Hospira Inc.'s PRECEDEXTM (dexmedetomidine hydrochloride) in sodium chloride injection. However, due to Hospira Inc.'s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that information.
In male and female Fischer 344 rats given oral isotretinoin at dosages of 8 or 32 mg/kg/day (1.3 to 5.3 times the recommended clinical dose of 1 mg/kg/day, respectively, after normalization for total body surface area) for greater than 18 months, there was a dose-related increased incidence of pheochromocytoma relative to controls. The incidence of adrenal medullary hyperplasia was also increased at the higher dosage in both sexes. The relatively high level of spontaneous pheochromocytomas occurring in the male Fischer 344 rat makes it an equivocal model for study of this tumor; therefore, the relevance of this tumor to the human population is uncertain.

The Ames test was conducted with isotretinoin in two laboratories. The results of the tests in one laboratory were negative while in the second laboratory a weakly positive response (less than 1.6 x background) was noted in S. typhimurium TA100 when the assay was conducted with metabolic activation. No dose response effect was seen and all other strains were negative. Additionally, other tests designed to assess genotoxicity (Chinese hamster cell assay, mouse micronucleus test, S. cerevisiae D7 assay, in vitro clastogenesis assay with human-derived lymphocytes, and unscheduled DNA synthesis assay) were all negative.

In rats, no adverse effects on gonadal function, fertility, conception rate, gestation or parturition were observed at oral dosages of isotretinoin of 2, 8, or 32 mg/kg/day (0.3, 1.3, or 5.3 times the recommended clinical dose of 1 mg/kg/day, respectively, after normalization for total body surface area).

In dogs, testicular atrophy was noted after treatment with oral isotretinoin for approximately 30 weeks at dosages of 20 or 60 mg/kg/day (10 or 30 times the recommended clinical dose of 1 mg/kg/day, respectively, after normalization for total body surface area). In general, there was microscopic evidence for appreciable depression of spermatogenesis but some sperm were observed in all testes examined and in no instance were completely atrophic tubules seen. In studies of 66 men, 30 of whom were patients with nodular acne under treatment with oral isotretinoin, no significant changes were noted in the count or motility of spermatozoa in the ejaculate. In a study of 50 men (ages 17 to 32 years) receiving isotretinoin therapy for nodular acne, no significant effects were seen on ejaculate volume, sperm count, total sperm motility, morphology or seminal plasma fructose.
Participants in this arm will receive a single injection of placebo on Day 0 (study entry). On Day 180, participants will receive a single injection of the attenuated rDEN2∆30-7169 virus.
A topical therapeutic composition comprising naproxen and menthol. The naproxen penetrates through the skin for local effect against pain and inflammation (e.g. at a joint) as well as systemic absorption. The menthol could work as both an analgesic and to enhance skin penetration of the naproxen. The composition could further comprise other therapeutic ingredients. For example, the composition could further comprise a different analgesic such as camphor or methyl salicylate. In another example, the composition could further comprise a botanical ingredient such as Arnica Montana or Burdock root. In another example, the composition could further comprise a different skin penetration enhancing agent such as DMSO. The topical therapeutic composition could be used for the treatment of various conditions such as neuromuscular, skeletal, or arthritic disorders, or for the treatment or prevention of Alzheimer disease.
This is an experimental non-randomized clinical study aimed at expanding the indications for the use of biological drugs with the aim of using them for the pathogenetic therapy of children with congenital ichthyosis.

The study will include 50 children aged 6 months to 18 years with a clinically and genetically confirmed diagnosis of congenital ichthyosis. Patients will be divided into 4 groups who will receive symptomatic therapy (using active external agents, emollients and / or systemic retinoids) or biologics targeting the cytokines IL-12 / IL-23, IL-4 / IL-13 and IL -17A. Immunophenotyping of all patients will be performed, the cytokine profile and spectrum of sensitization and the degree of NF-kB activation in lymphocytes will be determined. In experimental group №3, 10 patients with Netherton syndrome will receive dupilumab, in experimental group №2, 10 patients will receive ustekinumab, and in experimental group №1 10 patients will receive secukinumab. Efficiency will be assessed using the Ichthyosis Area Severity Index (IASI), determination of the level of TEWL, and the change in quality of life will also be assessed using the Children's Dermatological Life Quality Index (CDLQI) in comparison from baseline, than at 16 and 52 weeks. Throughout the study, the safety profile (registration of the development of infectious diseases) will be assessed.
Women with a hyperdynamic vasodilated profile, characterized by a mean arterial pressure (MAP)/ Heart rate (Hr) ratio ≤ 1.1 are prescribed a beta-blocker. Women with a hypodynamic vasoconstrictive profile (MAP/Hr ratio ≥ 1.4) are prescribed nifedipine. Women with normodynamic profile (MAP/Hr ratio in between 1.1 and 1.4) are prescribed Methyldopa.
Sixty outpatients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be enrolled after completing an Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved informed consent process. Baseline evaluation will include a medical and psychiatric history, structured clinical interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) (SCID), mood assessment with the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report (IDS-C), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), and cognitive assessment with the Hopkins Auditory Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) (similar to the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) but more alternative equivalent versions are available), Stroop and computer assessments including Sternberg Memory Task and the Running Memory Continuous Performance Test. Alternate but equivalent versions of all cognitive tests, except the Stroop, will be used to minimize practice effects with repeated administration. Days and amounts of amphetamine and other substance use will be assessed at each visit with urine drug screens, and through self-report using the timeline follow-back method. Amphetamine, and other drug, craving will be assessed with a visual analogue scales. Citicoline or placebo add-on therapy will be given beginning at one tablet (500mg)/day with an increase to two tablets 1000 mg/day at week 2, three tables 1500 mg/day at week 4 and four tablets 2000 mg/day at week 6.
The invention discloses an aquatic organism agent and a preparing method and application thereof. The biology suppressing and sterilizing agent is prepared by pholiota adiposa and cordyceps kyushuensis funguses by activation, liquid-state fermentation, rotating concentration and mixing according to proportion. The agent has high suppressing and sterilizing activity on aquatic disease source microorganisms, selectivity is good, and damage to fish bodies is avoided. The bacterial strain produced by the biological agent is the edible fungi of human beings. Therefore, the biology suppressing and sterilizing agent has no hazardous effect on fish and human beings, and safety is good. The bred pholiota adiposa and cordyceps kyushuensis funguses are subjected to activation and step-by-step expanding liquid state fermentation respectively, after respective concentration, mixing according to the ratio of 3 : 2 can be carried out, independent using can be carried out, and the mixture can also be sprayed to fodder for bait mixing. The preparing method of the organism agent is simple; large-scale production can be carried out; effect is obvious; obvious suppressing and sterilization activity is achieved on common aquatic pathogenic bacteria.
FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention refers to new Exenatid analogues of general formula H-HisGlyGluGlyThrPheThrSerAspLeuSerLysGlnNleGluGluGluAlaValArgLeuPhe-IleGluTrpLeuLysAsnGlyGlyProSerSerGlyXProProProSer-ol where X is selected from L-Ala or D-Ala. The produced analogues show the stability higher than Exenatid, high insulinotropic activity, and also have high activity on renal sodition discharge without potassium ion loss, intensifis calcium and magnesium ion discharge, osmotically free water dishcarge. These properties can be effective for water-salt metabolism rebalancing along with glycemia normalisation. ^ EFFECT: production of the compositions which can be used for treatment of diabetes, and also for treatment and prevention of diabetic nephropathy and cardiac failure. ^ 3 cl, 7 dwg, 4 tbl, 5 ex
BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the leading indications for liver transplantation (LT) in the United States. As with the current obesity epidemic, the incidence of NASH continues to rise. However, the impact of broad utilization of bariatric surgery (BS) for patients with NASH is unknown, particularly in regard to mitigating the need for LT.
METHODS: Markov decision analysis was performed to simulate the lives of 20,000 patients with obesity and concomitant NASH who were deemed ineligible to be waitlisted for LT unless they achieved a body mass index (BMI) < 35 kg/m2. Life expectancy following medical weight management (MWM) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) were estimated. Base case patients were defined as having NASH without fibrosis and a pre-intervention BMI of 45 kg/m2. Sensitivity analysis of initial BMI was performed.
RESULTS: Simulated base case analysis patients who underwent SG gained 14.3 years of life compared to patients who underwent MWM. One year after weight loss intervention, 9% of simulated MWM patients required LT compared to only 5% of SG patients. Survival benefit for SG was observed above a BMI of 32.2 kg/m2.
CONCLUSION: In this predictive model of 20,000 patients with obesity and concomitant NASH, surgical weight loss is associated with a reduction in the progression of NASH, thereby reducing the need for LT. A reduced BMI threshold of 32 kg/m2 for BS may offer survival benefit for patients with obesity and NASH.
In a dose escalation study in patients on chronic levodopa therapy treated with 10 mg of rasagiline there were three reports of cardiovascular side effects (including hypertension and postural hypotension) which resolved following treatment discontinuation.

Although no cases of overdose have been observed with rasagiline during the clinical development program, the following description of presenting symptoms and clinical course is based upon overdose descriptions of nonselective MAO inhibitors.

The signs and symptoms of nonselective MAOI overdose may not appear immediately. Delays of up to 12 hours after ingestion of drug and the appearance of signs may occur. The peak intensity of the syndrome may not be reached until for a day following the overdose. Death has been reported following overdose; therefore, immediate hospitalization, with continuous patient observation and monitoring for at least two days following the ingestion of such drugs in overdose, is strongly recommended.

The severity of the clinical signs and symptoms of MAOI overdose varies and may be related to the amount of drug consumed. The central nervous and cardiovascular systems are prominently involved.

Signs and symptoms of MAOI overdose may include: drowsiness, dizziness, faintness, irritability, hyperactivity, agitation, severe headache, hallucinations, trismus, opisthotonos, convulsions, and coma; rapid and irregular pulse, hypertension, hypotension and vascular collapse; precordial pain, respiratory depression and failure, hyperpyrexia, diaphoresis, and cool, clammy skin.

There is no specific antidote for rasagiline overdose. The following suggestions are offered based upon the assumption that rasagiline overdose may be modeled after nonselective MAO inhibitor poisoning. Treatment of overdose with nonselective MAO inhibitors is symptomatic and supportive. Respiration should be supported by appropriate measures, including management of the airway, use of supplemental oxygen, and mechanical ventilatory assistance, as required. Body temperature should be monitored closely. Intensive management of hyperpyrexia may be required. Maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance is essential. For this reason, in cases of overdose with rasagiline, dietary tyramine restriction should be observed for several weeks to reduce the risk of hypertensive tyramine reaction.

A poison control center should be called for the most current treatment guidelines.

A postmarketing report described a single patient who developed a nonfatal serotonin syndrome after ingesting 100 mg of rasagiline in a suicide attempt. Another patient who was treated in error with 4 mg rasagiline daily and tramadol also developed a serotonin syndrome. One patient who was treated in error with 3 mg rasagiline daily experienced alternating episodes of vascular fluctuations consisting of hypertension and orthostatic hypotension.
BACKGROUND: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)-related end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) often necessitates transplantation. However, the impact of ADPKD on post-transplant outcomes, specifically hemoglobin levels, remains unknown.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 513 Kidney Transplant Recipients (KTRs), of whom 81 had ESKD due to ADPKD (20 with pre-transplant native nephrectomy and 61 without). Hemoglobin levels were evaluated at multiple time intervals post-transplant.
RESULTS: Kidney transplant recipients with ADPKD vs. KTRs with ESKD due to other causes exhibited significantly higher hemoglobin levels in repeated measurement analysis. Multivariable analyses confirmed ADPKD as an independent predictor for elevated hemoglobin levels. In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, the odds for maximum hemoglobin > 15 mg/dL at 3-12 months post-transplant were more than twice as high in ADPKD patients vs. all the other KTRs (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.31, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.3-4.13, p < 0.001). Pre-transplant native nephrectomy revealed a trend toward lower hemoglobin levels. Elevated hemoglobin levels were linked to improved estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at one year post-transplant. Patient survival was enhanced among KTRs with ADPKD compared to other ESKD causes.
CONCLUSIONS: Kidney transplant recipients with ADPKD exhibited elevated hemoglobin levels post-transplant, possibly due to prolonged native kidney erythropoietin production. These elevated hemoglobin levels were linked to improved outcomes, including allograft function and patient survival. Future research should further investigate the underlying mechanisms driving favorable ADPKD KTR outcomes.
Anesthetic care will include general endotracheal anesthesia with positioning of nasogastric tube and bladder catheterization. The diverting stoma formation will be proceed in 10 sm proximally to tumor.
The invention relates to a novel adjuvant  Mycobacterium  w and or its constituents and adjuvant containing composition, which contains antigen (s) with pharmaceutical acceptable carrier and its uses.  Mycobacterium  w and or its constituents when administered with antigen (s) to mammal results in enhanced immunogenicity of antigen. The enhanced immunogenicity manifests as humoral responses as well as cell mediated immunity. The adjuvant effect is seen with variety of antigens in various mammals irrespective of their immune status at the time of administration of  Mycobacterium  w and antigen containing composition. e.g. immune naïve or preimmunised status.
30 patients with Anorexia Nervosa (hospitalized at NYSPI 4-Center for acute weight restoration treatment) will be recruited to participate in this experiment. All subjects will be screened on admission and provide informed consent prior to participation. At the time of study procedures, participants will be medically stable and weigh ≥ 80% IBW. This minimum weight has been identified for patient safety given the test meal procedures. Subjects will participate in a total of two meal sessions on the BSU. Medical clearance will be determined by 4-Center clinical staff prior to the meal sessions. Study participation will not prolong nor interfere with the patient's treatment.

The first test meal will occur after the patient has reached 80% IBW. The second test meal will occur within a week of the first. The procedures are identical for the two test sessions, and were based on those described by Sysko and colleagues (9). On the morning of the test meal, participants will be provided a standardized breakfast of \~300 kcal. They will not consume any additional food or liquid, other than water, prior to the test meal session approximately 4 hours later. Study medication will be administered at 10:00 am.

Test meals will be conducted on the Biological Studies Unit (BSU) at NYSPI. Participants will be escorted to and from the BSU by research staff. Participants will complete questionnaires prior to receiving medication, prior to each test meal, and after the test meal is complete (see Table). Participants will be presented with an 83 fluid ounce covered opaque container with a straw on a table. Inside the container will be approximately 1500 grams (approximately 1560 kcal) of strawberry yogurt shake. Patients will be informed that the meal consists of a strawberry yogurt shake, but will not be informed as to the amount provided in the container. Instructions before each test meal will inform patients that they should eat as much of the shake as they would like, and that the meal would serve as their lunch for the day. The participant will be alone in the room. For compliance and safety, patients will be observed through a closed circuit video monitor during the meal. The patient will be instructed to signal completion of the meal by ringing a bell. During the course of the meal, patients will be asked to rate anxiety periodically. After the test meal is complete, a staff member will debrief the participant and address any questions or concerns.

Medication Administration: Participants will receive active medication (alprazolam 0.75 mg) on one test day and placebo on the other, in random order. Dose was selected based on the findings of Evans et al (8), who demonstrated statistically significant increases in caloric intake with doses of alprazolam 0.5 mg and 0.75 mg. Medication will be administered 2 hours prior to the test meal, as this is the timing of estimated peak plasma concentration (8).
The recommended initial dosage of MAVIK for patients not receiving a diuretic is 1 mg once daily in non-black patients and 2 mg in black patients. Dosage should be adjusted according to the blood pressure response. Generally, dosage adjustments should be made at intervals of at least 1 week. Most patients have required dosages of 2 to 4 mg once daily. There is little clinical experience with doses above 8 mg.

Patients inadequately treated with once-daily dosing at 4 mg may be treated with twice-daily dosing. If blood pressure is not adequately controlled with MAVIK monotherapy, a diuretic may be added.

In patients who are currently being treated with a diuretic, symptomatic hypotension occasionally can occur following the initial dose of MAVIK. To reduce the likelihood of hypotension, the diuretic should, if possible, be discontinued two to three days prior to beginning therapy with MAVIK. (see WARNINGS.) Then, if blood pressure is not controlled with MAVIK alone, diuretic therapy should be resumed. If the diuretic cannot be discontinued, an initial dose of 0.5 mg MAVIK should be used with careful medical supervision for several hours until blood pressure has stabilized. The dosage should subsequently be titrated (as described above) to the optimal response. (see WARNINGS, PRECAUTIONS and DRUG INTERACTIONS.)

Concomitant administration of MAVIK with potassium supplements, potassium salt substitutes, or potassium sparing diuretics can lead to increases of serum potassium. (see PRECAUTIONS.)
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new compound having antibacterial action on fungi, especially on Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger, and useful as a therapeutic agent for fungus infection. SOLUTION: This new compound is expressed by the formula [wherein R1-R9 are each (a substituted) hydroxyl group; R10 is an (esterinfied or antidified) carboxyl; and (n) is 0 or 1]. The compound is obtained e.g. by culturing a microorganism (e.g. Cryptococcus sp. AFB-8 strain) belonging to Cryptococcus capable of producing the compound of the formula in culture medium to form and accumulate the compound of the formula, and by collecting it.