anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Quantitative estimate accuracy scoring is provided. An estimate scoring engine uses estimate scoring model logic to quantitatively measure the accuracy of an estimate for healthcare services relative to actual values associated with an adjudication of a claim for the services. Scores are determined for various factors that impact estimate accuracy, and a total estimate accuracy score may be determined. A report may be generated and displayed in a user interface including information received and/or determined by the estimate scoring engine. A plurality of estimates may be evaluated, and the report may include a summary and details associated with the accuracy of a range of estimates. An accuracy rate associated with the range of estimates may be measured against the accuracy rate of other healthcare services providers, payers, and/or estimation models in an ‘apples-to-apples’ comparison. Accordingly, issues associated with estimate inaccuracies may be identified and addressed to improve estimate accuracy.
The safety and effectiveness of DAYTRANA in pediatric patients less than 6 years have not been established. Long-term effects of methylphenidate in children have not been well established.

The safety and effectiveness of DAYTRANA for the treatment of ADHD have been established in pediatric patients 6 to 17 years.

Long Term Suppression of Growth

Growth should be monitored during treatment with stimulants, including DAYTRANA. Children who are not growing or gaining weight as expected may need to have their treatment interrupted [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)].

Juvenile Animal Toxicity Data

Rats treated with methylphenidate early in the postnatal period through sexual maturation demonstrated a decrease in spontaneous locomotor activity in adulthood. A deficit in acquisition of a specific learning task was observed in females only.

Studies with transdermal methylphenidate have not been performed in juvenile animals. In a study conducted in young rats, methylphenidate was administered orally at doses of up to 100 mg/kg/day for 9 weeks, starting early in the postnatal period (Postnatal Day 7) and continuing through sexual maturity (Postnatal Week 10). When these animals were tested as adults (Postnatal Weeks 13-14), decreased spontaneous locomotor activity was observed in males and females previously treated with 50 mg/kg/day or greater, and a deficit in the acquisition of a specific learning task was seen in females exposed to the highest dose. The no effect level for juvenile neurobehavioral development in rats was 5 mg/kg/day. The clinical significance of the long-term behavioral effects observed in rats is unknown.
Resistance to endocrine therapy (ET) invariably develops in patients with estrogen and/or progesterone receptor (ER/ PR) positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Data regarding primary resistance and patterns of emergence of acquired resistance in patients treated with endocrine therapy (ET) and cyclin dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors are limited. Understanding these mechanisms could result in improved selection of treatment options and provide new targets for therapy development. In this study, we aim to identify and characterize determinants of intrinsic and acquired resistance to endocrine therapy in patients with hormone receptor (HR) positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative MBC treated with the combination of endocrine therapy (aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant) and a CDK4/6 inhibitor.

Investigators will determine the prevalence of genomic alterations at baseline in the primary tumor, metastatic tissue and plasma tumor DNA (ptDNA), including in the gene encoding estrogen receptor- alpha (ESR1). The mutational tumor burden in the primary tumor, metastatic tumor and blood will be assessed. Blood samples will be collected at several time points, allowing the detection of changes in molecular markers over time. We will further characterize tissue markers associated with progression and duration of response by evaluating these markers in available tissue obtained at progression. Investigators goal is to evaluate the prevalence and role of known alterations determining endocrine resistance in patients with metastatic disease, as knowledge regarding this population remains limited.The investigators also hope to unveil novel markers of endocrine resistance.
Teratogenic Effects: Pregnancy Category C 

Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with Taclonex Scalp® Topical Suspension. Taclonex Scalp® Topical Suspension contains calcipotriene that has been shown to be fetotoxic and betamethasone dipropionate that has been shown to be teratogenic in animals when given systemically. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Taclonex Scalp® Topical Suspension should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit to the patient justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Teratogenicity studies with calcipotriene were performed by the oral route in rats and rabbits. In rabbits, increased maternal and fetal toxicity were noted at a dosage of 12 mcg/kg/day (144 mcg/m2/day); a dosage of 36 mcg/kg/day (432 mcg/m2/day) resulted in a significant increase in the incidence of incomplete ossification of the pubic bones and forelimb phalanges of fetuses. In a rat study, a dosage of 54 mcg/kg/day (324 mcg/m2/day) resulted in a significantly increased incidence of skeletal abnormalities (enlarged fontanelles and extra ribs). The enlarged fontanelles were most likely due to the effect of calcipotriene upon calcium metabolism. The estimated maternal and fetal no-adverse effect levels (NOAEL) in the rat (108 mcg/m2/day) and rabbit (48 mcg/m2/day) derived from oral studies are lower than the maximum topical dose of calcipotriene in man (460 mcg/m2/day).

Corticosteroids are generally teratogenic in laboratory animals when administered systemically at relatively low dosage levels. Betamethasone dipropionate has been shown to be teratogenic in mice and rabbits when given by the subcutaneous route at doses of 156 mcg/kg (468 mcg/m2/day) and 2.5 mcg/kg (30 mcg/m2/day), respectively. Those dose levels are lower than the maximum topical dose in man (about 5,950 mcg/m2/day). The abnormalities observed included umbilical hernia, exencephaly and cleft palate.

Pregnant women were excluded from the clinical studies conducted with Taclonex Scalp® Topical Suspension.
Particular care is needed for patients who have been transferred from systemically active corticosteroids to inhaled corticosteroids because deaths due to adrenal insufficiency have occurred in patients with asthma during and after transfer from systemic corticosteroids to less systemically available inhaled corticosteroids. After withdrawal from systemic corticosteroids, a number of months are required for recovery of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function. 

Patients who have been previously maintained on 20 mg or more per day of prednisone (or its equivalent) may be most susceptible, particularly when their systemic corticosteroids have been almost completely withdrawn. During this period of HPA suppression, patients may exhibit signs and symptoms of adrenal insufficiency when exposed to trauma, surgery, or infection (particularly gastroenteritis) or other conditions associated with severe electrolyte loss. Although BREYNA may provide control of asthma symptoms during these episodes, in recommended doses it supplies less than normal physiological amounts of glucocorticoid systemically and does NOT provide the mineralocorticoid activity that is necessary for coping with these emergencies.

During periods of stress, a severe asthma attack or a severe COPD exacerbation, patients who have been withdrawn from systemic corticosteroids should be instructed to resume oral corticosteroids (in large doses) immediately and to contact their physicians for further instruction. These patients should also be instructed to carry a warning card indicating that they may need supplementary systemic corticosteroids during periods of stress, a severe asthma attack, or a severe COPD exacerbation. 

Patients requiring oral corticosteroids should be weaned slowly from systemic corticosteroid use after transferring to BREYNA. Prednisone reduction can be accomplished by reducing the daily prednisone dose by 2.5 mg on a weekly basis during therapy with BREYNA. Lung function (mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1] or morning peak expiratory flow [PEF]), beta-agonist use, and asthma or COPD symptoms should be carefully monitored during withdrawal of oral corticosteroids. In addition, patients should be observed for signs and symptoms of adrenal insufficiency, such as fatigue, lassitude, weakness, nausea and vomiting, and hypotension.

Transfer of patients from systemic corticosteroid therapy to inhaled corticosteroids or BREYNA may unmask conditions previously suppressed by the systemic corticosteroid therapy (e.g., rhinitis, conjunctivitis, eczema, arthritis, eosinophilic conditions). Some patients may experience symptoms of systemically active corticosteroid withdrawal (e.g., joint and/or muscular pain, lassitude, depression) despite maintenance or even improvement of respiratory function.
Polypeptide targeting molecules are provided for use in delivering imaging agents to epithelial tissue. Upon delivery, the imaging agent(s) may remain within an epithelial cell or may undergo transepithelial transport via transcytosis. The targeting molecules may be used, for example, for diagnostic techniques. The polypeptide may be produced by recombinant methods, and forms a closed covalent loop, contains at least three peptide domains having beta-sheet character which are separated by domains lacking beta-sheet character, specifically binds to a basolateral factor attached to a basolateral domain of an epithelial surface causing uptake of a linked imaging agent into cells of the epithelial surface, and is not a full length dimeric Iga. Preferably, the polypeptide is a J chain polypeptide, or a J chain polypeptide linked to an immunoglobulin heavy chain without an immunoglobulin light chain. The polypeptide or imaging agent may be linked to a peptide amino acid sequence that directs delivery of the imaging agent to a carcinoma cell, a nucleus, or an endoplasmic reticulum.
This is a phase 1b study of MLN8237, cetuximab and definitive radiation therapy for patients with previously untreated locoregionally advanced HNSCC who are candidates for definitive radiation therapy with curative intent with cetuximab as the radiosensitizer. The treatment regimen consists of MLN8237 po bid for 7 days followed by 2 weeks off for 4 cycles with the first 3 cycles of MLN8237 concurrent with RT. Three dose levels of MLN8237 are planned: 30, 40 and 50 mg po bid. Cetuximab will be given at the FDA-approved loading and maintenance doses starting \~ 1 week prior to the initiation of radiation therapy and continuing for a grand total of 12 weeks. Radiotherapy will be administered in 2-Gy fractions, 5 days a week, to total dose of \~70 Gy according to standard departmental protocols. Correlative biomarker assays on pre- and on-therapy biopsy specimens (tissue micro arrays analyzed by AQUA quantitative immunofluorescence) will seek to establish proof-of-mechanism by determining if the novel drug combination has the predicted effects on biochemical signaling pathways linked to Aurora A and EGFR. Tumor samples will also be analyzed for Aurora A and EGFR expression by IHC and FISH.
Includes one adult stratum (\>18 years old) and one pediatric stratum (12-17 years old). Subjects aged 12 and over who weigh \>40 kg, will receive a loading dose of 1680 mg followed by a maintenance dose of 840 mg.
BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent malignancies in males worldwide. Increasing research attention has focused on the PCa microenvironment, which plays a crucial role in tumor progression and therapy resistance. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the key components of the PCa microenvironment, including immune cells, vascular systems, stromal cells, and microbiota, and explore their implications for diagnosis and treatment.
METHODS: Keywords such as "prostate cancer", "tumor microenvironment", "immune cells", "vascular system", "stromal cells", and "microbiota" were used for literature retrieval through online databases including PubMed and Web of Science. Studies related to the PCa microenvironment were selected, with a particular focus on those discussing the roles of immune cells, vascular systems, stromal cells, and microbiota in the development, progression, and treatment of PCa. The selection criteria prioritized peer-reviewed articles published in the last five years, aiming to summarize and analyze the latest research advancements and clinical relevance regarding the PCa microenvironment.
RESULTS: The PCa microenvironment is highly complex and dynamic, with immune cells contributing to immunosuppressive conditions, stromal cells promoting tumor growth, and microbiota potentially affecting androgen metabolism. Vascular systems support angiogenesis, which fosters tumor expansion. Understanding these components offers insight into the mechanisms driving PCa progression and opens avenues for novel therapeutic strategies targeting the tumor microenvironment.
CONCLUSIONS: A deeper understanding of the PCa microenvironment is crucial for advancing diagnostic techniques and developing precision therapies. This review highlights the potential of targeting the microenvironment to improve patient outcomes, emphasizing its significance in the broader context of PCa research and treatment innovation.
A gellable hydrophilic colloid material is caused to form around oil droplets by coacervation and is then gelled to form microscopic oil-containing capsules.  The coacervation may be brought about by addition of a salt solution or by mixing two sols having different ionic charges followed by dilution or adjustment of the pH until coacervation occurs.  Suitable colloid materials are gelatin, albumen, alginates, casein, agar-agar, starch, pectins, carboxymethylcellulose, Irish moss and gum arabic. Sodium or ammonium sulphate may be used to coacervate gelatin, or gelatin and gum arabic sols may be mixed to provide a complex coacervate.  The oil may be emulsified in the colloid, or in either colloid in the case of complex coacervation.  Specified oils include mineral oils, fish oils such as halibut liver oil, vegetable oils such as cotton seed oil, corn oil, castor oil and coconut oil, essential oils and synthetic oils such as methyl salicylate and chlorinated diphenyl.  The oil may contain additives such as dyes used in making inks, medicines, perfumes, oil-soluble vitamins and adhesives.  The gelled coacervate may be used to coat paper to form a transfer film, the oil containing a marking ink or a reactive material such as trichlorodiphenyl containing crystal violet lactone.  On bringing such paper into contact with paper coated with attapulgite and rupturing the capsules with a stylus or other instrument a dark blue impression is formed. Detailed descriptions of methods of producing coacervation are given.
Various embodiments provide methods, apparatus, systems, computing entities, and/or the like, for performing predictive recommendation. In one example embodiment, a method is provided. The method includes generating guideline data objects for a plurality of service need conditions. The method includes generating a compliance profile data object for each of a plurality of provider entities. The compliance profile data object for a provider entity includes compliance scores with respect to the plurality of service need conditions, a compliance score determined using procedural record data objects associated with each provider entity and the guideline data objects. The method further includes selecting a subset of the plurality of provider entities according to the compliance profile data object for each provider entity. The method further includes performing at least one automated recommendation-based action based at least in part on the selected subset.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: XBP1, most conserved transcription factor of endoplasmic reticulum stress, plays important roles in physiological and pathologic settings and has profound effects on disease progression and prognosis, so it is necessary to investigate XBP1 in macrophage-originated sterile inflammation during liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). Macrophage XBP1 expression and liver injury are analyzed in patients undergoing ischemia-related hepatectomy.
METHODS: A myeloid-specific male XBP1-knockout (XBP1M-KO) strain is created for function and mechanism of XBP1 on macrophage-derived sterile inflammation in murine liver IRI with in vitro parallel research. Macrophages cocultured with hypoxia-treated hepatocytes are applied to investigate impact of XBP1 in vitro, with analysis of RNA sequencing and databases.
RESULTS: Clinically, macrophage XBP1 expression significantly increases in ischemic liver tissues and positively correlates with liver injury after hepatectomy. Less hepatocellular damage is presented in XBP1M-KO mice than in XBP1-proficient (XBP1FL/FL) control animals. In vitro, XBP1 deficiency inhibits sterile inflammation and migration in macrophages cocultured with hypoxia-treated hepatocytes. Analysis of RNA sequencing and databases determines Metallothionein 2 (MT2) as XBP1 target gene, negatively regulated by binding with its promoter. XBP1 deficiency increases MT2 and IKBα expression, but inhibits nuclear factor-κB-p65 phosphorylation, markedly neutralizing XBP1M-KO-related benefits by promoting sterile inflammation during liver IRI.
CONCLUSIONS: XBP1 promotes macrophage-originated sterile inflammation, increases liver IRI by binding to MT2 promoter, and regulates MT2/nuclear factor-κB pathway, potentially therapeutic for clinical liver IRI.
FIELD: chemical technology. SUBSTANCE: invention describes method for preparing substituted symm- octahydroselenoxanthenes. Corresponding substituted octahydro-10-oxoxanthene is placed in mixture of acetic acid with acetic anhydride and oxygen atom in heterocycle is substituted for selenium in the presence of strong acid followed by isolation of end product. Concentration of acetic anhydride can be in the range 10-40 wt.-%. Temperature of reaction mixture is maintained in the range 10-60 C. Isolation of end product is carried out by filtration or centrifugation. Method provides preparing compounds with different substituents that do not show significant effect on the reaction mechanism. EFFECT: improved preparing method. 5 cl
This study is an experimental, randomized controlled study. The sample of the study consisted of 65 pregnant women and newborns (intervention=32, control=33) who applied for delivery at Ege University Medical Hospital Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic at the time of the study. In this study, "Descriptive Data Form of Impact of Umbilical Cord Clamping Time on Infant Anemia" was used as a data collection tool. In the intervention group waited 60 seconds for umbilical cord clamping in the second stage of labor, in the control group the umbilical cord was clamped in the first 15 seconds. For the data of the first stage of the study, the neonatal hematocrit and bilirubin measurements and the need for phototherapy due to hyperbilirubinemia were evaluated 48 hours after birth. In the second stage of the study, data on anaemia screening performed in family medicine at the end of the fourth month of birth were examined. Statistical analysis of the data from the study was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 package program. Parametric tests were used for statistical analysis of the data with a normal distribution. The level of statistical significance was determined as p\<0.05.
Preschool aged children often have severe bouts of coughing and/or wheezing that lead to visits to the doctor's office, urgent care, emergency room and often hospitalization. APRIL-OCELOT is a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study in 600 preschool children with a history of significant wheezing episodes in the year prior to enrollment. All children enter the APRIL portion of the study, which will compare azithromycin to placebo, given for 5 days during the early signs of an upper respiratory tract illness, for preventing the development of lower respiratory tract symptoms. APRIL is a 78 week study, but participation will end earlier if the child requires a fourth course of APRIL treatment or develops significant lower respiratory tract symptoms. Only those children who develop significant lower respiratory tract symptoms during APRIL will enter the OCELOT portion of the study, which will compare oral corticosteroid to placebo for treating lower respiratory tract symptoms as measured by the Pediatric Respiratory Assessment Measure (PRAM). OCELOT participation will be complete after 14 days. Children may not reenter APRIL after completing OCELOT.
GOLD 0 is defined as having chronic respiratory symptoms and/or high risk factors, but without airflow (post-BD FEV1/FVC ≥ 0.7). Chronic respiratory symptoms is defined as chronic cough, phlegm production, chest tightness, short of breath, dyspnea, wheeze, ect. High risk factors is defined as cigarette smoking, passive smoking, occupational exposures, bio-fuels exposures ect.
Cases of serious skin reactions, sometimes fatal, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)], have been reported with teriflunomide. Fatal outcomes were reported in one case of TEN and one case of DRESS.

Inform patients of the signs and symptoms that may signal a serious skin reaction. Instruct patients to discontinue teriflunomide tablets and seek immediate medical care should these signs and symptoms occur. Unless the reaction is clearly not drug related, discontinue teriflunomide tablets and begin an accelerated elimination procedure immediately [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)]. In such cases, patients should not be re-exposed to teriflunomide [see Contraindications (4)].
The control group receives a one-time sports consultation with general information about daily activities and sports participation, as well as individual training recommendations. After the 12 weeks, the control group will be randomized into one of the exercise therapies.
BACKGROUND: Sclerotinia spp. are generalist fungal pathogens, infecting over 700 plant hosts worldwide, including major crops. While host resistance is the most sustainable and cost-effective method for disease management, complete resistance to Sclerotinia diseases is rare. We recently identified soft basal stem as a potential susceptibility factor to Sclerotinia minor infection in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) under greenhouse conditions.
RESULTS: Analysis of stem and root cell wall composition in five L. sativa and one L. serriola accessions with varying growth habits and S. minor resistance levels revealed strong association between hemicellulose constituents, lignin polymers, disease phenotypes, and basal stem mechanical strength. Accessions resistant to basal stem degradation consistently exhibited higher levels of syringyl, guaiacyl, and xylose, but lower levels of fucose in stems. These findings suggest that stem cell wall polymers recalcitrant to breakdown by lignocellulolytic enzymes may contribute to stem strength-mediated resistance against S. minor.
CONCLUSIONS: The lignin content, particularly guaiacyl and syringyl, along with xylose could potentially serve as biomarkers for identifying more resistant lettuce accessions and breeding lines. Basal stem degradation by S. minor was influenced by localized microenvironment conditions around the stem base of the plants.