anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a rare debilitating poliomyelitis-like illness characterized by the sudden onset of flaccid palsy in the extremities. The purpose of this study was to report the mid-term clinical course of knee extension in AFM and the effect of contralateral obturator nerve-to-femoral nerve transfer (CONFNT) for restoration of knee extension in AFM.
METHODS: Twenty-six patients with lower extremity palsy due to AFM were referred to our clinic for possible surgical reconstruction. Their median age was 4.0 years, and the first evaluation of the palsy was done at a mean of 6 months after paralysis onset. The paralysis ranged from lower limb monoplegia to quadriplegia. The clinical course of knee extension was assessed using the British Medical Research Council (MRC) grading scale and surface electromyography (EMG). Five patients with unilateral paralysis of knee extension underwent CONFNT.
RESULTS: The mean follow-up period for 19 limbs with complete paralysis of knee extension (MRC grade M0) in 13 patients who were evaluated for spontaneous recovery was 43 months. No patient who had complete paralysis of knee extension at >6 months and paralysis of the hip adductor muscle had improvement of knee extension to better than M2. Five of the original 26 patients were treated with CONFNT and followed for a mean of 61 months. Two of 5 patients had the CONFNT ≤8 months after paralysis onset and obtained M4 knee extension. Only 1 of the 3 patients with CONFNT performed approximately 12 months after paralysis onset obtained M3 knee extension; the other 2 obtained only M1 or M2 knee extension.
CONCLUSIONS: The paralysis of the lower extremity in our patients with AFM was similar to that in poliomyelitis. However, in AFM, spontaneous recovery of knee extension was possible if there were signs of recovery from hip adductor paralysis up to 6 months after paralysis onset. CONFNT may enhance the recovery of knee extension and seems to be a reliable reconstruction for restoring knee extension if performed no more than 8 months after paralysis onset.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level IV . See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosis is generally characterized by resistance to chemotherapy and is associated with a poor prognosis. Herein, we present a case of pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis from recurrent breast cancer that responded well to trastuzumab deruxtecan(T-DXd). The patient was a 40-year-old woman with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-positive breast cancer. At the age of 31, she had undergone a left mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection. She received adjuvant chemotherapy(5-fluorouracil-epirubicin-cyclophosphamide, docetaxel, and trastuzumab)followed by endocrine therapy(tamoxifen and LH-RHa). Three years after the surgery, pulmonary and bone metastases were detected and she was treated with trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and capecitabine. Liver metastases were detected, and she was treated with trastuzumab emtansine. Nine years after surgery, the patient developed dyspnea and was diagnosed with lymphangitis carcinomatosis. After initiating T-DXd, dyspnea rapidly improved, and ground glass opacity on CT scan disappeared. She responded well to the treatment, with prolonged, stable disease for 1 year and 2 months. Thus, T-DXd may be effective against pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosis, which is generally characterized by resistance to chemotherapy.
Group 3 will be defined as children ineligible to receive SMC (5-10 years of age) who were diagnosed with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria at the health facility. This group will serve as the control group to Group 1 Cases to compare the prevalence of SP and AQ resistance markers.
This group consists of patients who at baseline or during the course of the study patients in this group (i) have a histologically confirmed NEN of WHO 2019 grade 1-3 NET or NEC from pancreatic, colorectal, or small intestinal origin and (ii) are starting any kind of 1st line systemic treatment (e.g. somatostatin analogues, targeted therapy, chemotherapy, etc.).
Methods and compositions are provided which employ a silencing element that, when ingested by a pest, such as a pest from the Lygus genus, they are capable of decreasing the expression of a target sequence in the pest. In specific embodiments, the decrease in expression of the target sequence controls the pest and thereby the methods and compositions are capable of limiting damage to a plant. The present invention provides various target polynucleotides from specific polypeptide families as disclosed herein, and further provides target polynucleotides set forth in SEQ ID NOS:1-21 or active variants thereof, wherein a decrease in expression of one or more the sequences in the target pest controls the pest (i.e., has insecticidal activity). Further provided are silencing elements which when ingested by the pest decrease the level of the target polypeptide and thereby control the pest. In specific embodiment, the pest is Lygus Hesperus. Plants, plant part, bacteria and other host cells comprising the silencing elements or an active variant or fragment thereof of the invention are also provided.
Patients receive a multivitamin once daily. Treatment in all arms continues for 4-6 weeks, until prostatectomy.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject composition enabling to directly administer a liquid oral cavity composition into an oral cavity and god in usability by charging the liquid oral cavity composition into a specific container. SOLUTION: This composition for oral cavities is obtained by charging a ligquid oral cavity composition into a container equipped with an extrusion nozzle and enabling to directly administer the liquid composition into the oral cavities through the nozzle. The liquid composition for the oral cavities comprises e.g. 0.001-20wt.% of an antifungal agent and/or an antibacterial agent [e.g. a compound of the formula (A<m+> is an antimuicrobial nitrogen-containing cation; the counter anion X<-> is a 8-20C linear or branched monoalkyl phosphate ion, a monoalkenyl phosphate ion, etc.; (m) is the valency of the cation A)], a perfume (e.g. spearmint oil), a water-soluble fluoride compound (e.g. sodium fluoride), an alcohol (e.g. ethanol), a humectant, etc., and, if necessary, a surfactant and/or a defoaming agent, an oval cavity vehicle, etc.  The extrusion nozzle preferably has an inner diameter of 0.5-4.5mm, an outer diameter of 2-10mm, and a length of 5-60mm.
In the era of robotic prostate surgery, various techniques have been developed to improve functional outcomes. Urinary continence has shown satisfactory results, but the preservation of lateral nerves to the periprostatic capsule is only achievable by sparing the pubovesical complex. This study aims to present the first cases of lateral-approach robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (LRRP) performed by a novice surgeon. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 70 prostate cancer patients who underwent LRRP between October 2019 and September 2021, analyzing the perioperative and functional outcomes. The median operative time and intraoperative blood loss were 102 (92-108) minutes and 150 (130-180) mL, respectively. Five minor postoperative complications were reported, and the median hospital stay was 2 (1-2) days. Eleven positive surgical margins occurred. Potency and urinary continence recovery were achieved in 59 (84%) and 66 (94%) patients, respectively, 12 months after surgery. Our analysis shows that LRRP is a safe and effective procedure for prostate cancer surgery. Continence and potency recovery required a short learning curve, with an acceptable recovery rate even in the initial cases.
OBJECTIVES: Cancer cachexia is a debilitating condition with widespread negative effects. The heterogeneity of clinical features within patients with cancer cachexia is unclear. The identification and prognostic analysis of diverse phenotypes of cancer cachexia may help develop individualized interventions to improve outcomes for vulnerable populations. The aim of this study was to show that the machine learning-based cancer cachexia classification model generalized well on the external validation cohort.
METHODS: This was a nationwide multicenter observational study conducted from October 2012 to April 2021 in China. Unsupervised consensus clustering analysis was applied based on demographic, anthropometric, nutritional, oncological, and quality-of-life data. Key characteristics of each cluster were identified using the standardized mean difference. We used logistic and Cox regression analysis to evaluate 1-, 3-, 5-y, and overall mortality.
RESULTS: A consensus clustering algorithm was performed for 4329 patients with cancer cachexia in the discovery cohort, and four clusters with distinct phenotypes were uncovered. From clusters 1 to 4, the clinical characteristics of patients showed a transition from almost unimpaired to mildly, moderately, and severely impaired. Consistently, an increase in mortality from clusters 1 to 4 was observed. The overall mortality rate was 32%, 40%, 54%, and 68%, and the median overall survival time was 21.9, 18, 16.7, and 13.6 mo for patients in clusters 1 to 4, respectively. Our machine learning-based model performed better in predicting mortality than the traditional model. External validation confirmed the above results.
CONCLUSIONS: Machine learning is valuable for phenotype classifications of patients with cancer cachexia. Detection of clinically distinct clusters among cachexic patients assists in scheduling personalized treatment strategies and in patient selection for clinical trials.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves using oil or oil solution activated with laser radiation or permanent magnetic field or laser radiation and permanent magnetic field in combination. The device has casing designed as funnel with light-reflecting coating layer lining the internal part. Laser light guide is mounted in the inferior narrow part of the casing in perpendicular to liquid flow. The liquid is supplied to the superior broad part of the casing. Ring magnet enveloping the inferior narrow part of the casing is mounted for treating the liquid with magnetic field. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment; accelerated treatment course. 4 cl, 2 dwg
BACKGROUND: Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) affects up to 30% of patients, increasing morbidity and healthcare costs. This condition results from complex factors like ischemia-reperfusion injury and renal hemodynamic changes, often exacerbated by surgical procedures. Norepinephrine, commonly used in cardiac surgeries, may heighten the risk of CS-AKI. In contrast, vasopressin, a noncatecholaminergic agent, shows potential in preserving renal function by favorably affecting renal hemodynamic. Preliminary findings, suggest vasopressin could reduce the incidence of CS-AKI compared to norepinephrine. Additionally, vasopressin is linked to a lower incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation, another factor contributing to longer hospital stays and higher costs. This study hypothesizes that vasopressin could effectively reduce CS-AKI occurrence and severity by optimizing renal perfusion during cardiac surgeries.
STUDY DESIGN: The NOVACC trial (NCT05568160) is a multicenter, randomized, double blinded superiority-controlled trial testing the superiority of vasopressin over norepinephrine in patients scheduled for cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The primary composite end point is the occurrence of acute kidney injury and death. The secondary end points are neurological, cardiologic, digestive, and vasopressor related complications at day 7, day 30, day 90, hospital and intensive care unit lengths of stay, medico-economic costs at day 90.
CONCLUSION: The NOVACC trial will assess the effectiveness of vasopressin in cardiac surgery with CPB in reducing acute kidney injury, mortality, and medical costs.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT05568160.
BACKGROUND: General anesthesia has been widely used in clinics, while its mechanism is not fully clear.Delayed emergence from general anesthesia happens from time to time, which increases the occurrence of complications and economic burden of patients. The analeptics currently used in clinic have some side effects. Recently,studies have shown that orexin can facilitate emergence from general anesthesia.Because of its complex chemical structure and difficulty of synthetic process, a mountain of works needs to be done before its use in clinic. Doxapram has been widely used as a respiratory stimulant on patients. Recently the investigators found in patient that intravenous injection of doxapram would shorten the emergence time from general anesthesia, while its associated mechanism is unclear. Based on our previous discovery that injection of doxapram in patients could increase the plasma level of orexin - A, the investigators hypothesized that doxapram probably facilitate emergence from general anesthesia by promoting the release of orexin.

DESIGNING: Forty patients with ASA physical status I or II scheduled for elective lumbar surgery under general anesthesia (lasting for 2h to 4h) were enrolled. Anesthesia was induced with propofol 1-2mg/kg and sufentanyl 0.2-0.3μg/kg. Following muscle relaxation with iv cisatracurium besylate 0.2mg/kg endotracheal intubation was performed. Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane (inhalational concentration: 0.8-2.0 MAC) and target controlled infusion remifentanil (targeted concentration:2-6ng/ml ) along with an oxygen/air mixture (FiO2 =0.5). Muscle relaxation was maintained with intermittent. Inhalational concentration of sevoflurane and injected target concentration were titrated to maintain the bispectral index (BIS) between 40 and 60 during anesthesia. The end-tidal carbon dioxide level was maintained between 30 and 40 mmHg by controlled mechanical ventilation. When the surgery was completed the investigators adjust the concentration sevoflurane to 0.8MAC of the patient and targeted concentration of remifentanil to 2ng/ml then stop all anesthetics and adjust the oxygen flow to 6.0 L/min, at the same time the doxapram group iv doxapram 1mg/kg, the controlled group given equal volume of saline. Record time from stopping anesthetics to emergence. Arterial blood (2ml) was collected at the following time,such as before and 1h after induction of anesthesia, at emergence (1 min after tracheal extubation) and half an hour after tracheal extubation. This was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15min at -4 ◦C in order to separate plasma then stored at -80 ◦C until assay for orexin A concentrations.

EXPECTED RESULTS: The plasma orexin A of the doxapram group will be higher with the emergence time shorter than the controlled group.
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have indicated a possible link between obesity and myopia, although the results have varied. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between a new measure of obesity, the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI), and myopia.
METHOD: This cross-sectional study included individuals between the ages of 12 and 25 who participated in a noncycloplegic vision examination as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 1999 to 2008. WWI was calculated as waist circumference divided by the square root of body weight. Myopia was characterized by a spherical equivalent (SE) of ≤ - 0.5 diopters (D) and further categorized into mild (-3.00D < SE≤-0.50 D), moderate (-6.00D < SE ≤-3.00 D), or high (SE≤-6.00 D). We utilized a weighted multivariable logistic regression and a generalized additive model to evaluate the correlation between WWI and myopia. Threshold effects were analyzed, and we performed subgroup analysis and interaction tests.
RESULTS: A grand total of 11,180 individuals were registered for the study. Decreased myopia severity was observed with higher WWI, as evidenced by elevated SE (β = 0.098, 95% CI: 0.028-0.167). Individuals in the top tertile of WWI experienced a 19.8% decrease in risk compared to those in the lowest group (OR = 0.802, 95% CI: 0.800-0.804; P for trend < 0.001). Similar associations were observed for high myopia. Gender-specific nonlinear associations were found, with different breakpoints for males (10.774) and females (10.025). In males, a significant positive association was found on the right side of the breakpoint (OR = 1.398, 95% CI: 1.038-1.884), while no significant association was found on the left side. Conversely, among females, a negative association was observed on the left side of the breakpoint (OR = 0.679, 95% CI: 0.512-0.899), whereas no notable correlation was detected on the right side.
CONCLUSION: Increased WWI level was linked to a lower risk of myopia and high myopia in the overall sample, with gender-specific variations.
One tablet containing 100 milligrams (mg) Mandolgin Retard, Sandoz is administered after a set of baseline measurements are performed. Subsequently outcomes are assessed every hour for 6 hours, yielding a total of 7 hourly measurements.
BACKGROUND: The association between the adiponectin-to-leptin ratio (A/L ratio) and the risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between A/L ratio and the risk of incident CKD and to examine whether such a relationship varied according to sex and body composition.
METHODS: In this prospective community-based cohort, participants with normal kidney function were analysed (N = 5192). The association between the A/L ratio at baseline and the risk of incident CKD, defined as two or more occasions with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/m2 or proteinuria of ≥1+ on a dipstick test during the follow-up period, was evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on sex, body mass index (BMI) and the presence of sarcopenia.
RESULTS: The participants' mean age was 57.2 ± 8.3 years, and 53.2% were women. The A/L ratio was higher in men compared with women (1.5 [0.8-3.2] and 0.5 [0.3-0.9] μg/ng, P < 0.001). During a median follow-up of 9.8 [9.5-10.0] years, 417 incident CKD events occurred (8.7 per 1000 person-years). Men in the highest quartile of A/L ratio had a lower risk of incident CKD (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33-0.99) than those in the lowest quartile. Additionally, a 1.0 increase in A/L ratio was associated with a 12% decreased risk of incident CKD in men (aHR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.80-0.97). However, no significant association was observed in women. In subgroup analysis stratified by BMI and the presence of sarcopenia, the association between a high A/L ratio and a reduced risk of incident CKD was consistent in men with a BMI < 23.0 kg/m2 and those with sarcopenia. However, no significant association was observed between men with a BMI ≥ 23.0 kg/m2 and those without sarcopenia.
CONCLUSIONS: A high A/L ratio is an independent marker of a reduced risk of incident CKD in men, especially in those with a BMI < 23.0 kg/m2 and sarcopenia.
BACKGROUND: Autoimmune cytopenias (ACs), including immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and autoimmune granulocytopenia, are rare complications observed in lymphoma patients. They may appear before, during or after lymphoma diagnosis, whether the patients had disease progression or not.
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to correlate ACs with lymphoma type, disease course and prognosis. We performed a multicenter retrospective analysis of adult patients with malignant lymphoma and ACs coexistence diagnosed and treated in centers aligned with the Polish Lymphoma Research Group (PLRG).
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The analysis covers the years 2016-2022 and included 51 patients comprised of 23 women and 28 men. Of these, 35 patients were diagnosed with AIHA, 15 patients with ITP and 1 patient with both AIHA and ITP.
RESULTS: The most common type of lymphoma was Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) (12 patients) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (14 patients). At the time of diagnosis, 31 (61%) of patients had stage 4 of HL or DLBCL, according to Ann Arbor classification. In total, the response to treatment was evaluated in 50 patients, with 25 being in complete remission and 6 in partial remission. We observed that B cell symptoms (p = 0.036), bone marrow involvement (p = 0.073), splenomegaly (p = 0.025), and more than 2 lines of treatment were more common in AIHA compared to ITP patients. Conversely, eucopenia (p = 0.056) and ACs without lymphoma progression (p = 0.002) were more often diagnosed in ITP patients.
CONCLUSIONS: In the study group, relapsed and refractory disease was observed more often, and shorter overall survival (OS) was noted in patients with DLBCL. We found that AC is associated with a worse prognosis in comparison to the general population of lymphoma patients. There were no differences in response to AC therapy. To have more accurate data, a larger group, as part of a multicenter study, should be evaluated.
Despite the known damaging effects of alcohol on the developing fetus and the presence of warning labels on alcoholic beverages, many pregnant women continue to drink alcohol. The consequences include a range of physical, neurological, and behavioral effects referred to as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Unfortunately, there are currently no comprehensive treatments for individuals with FASD. This pilot study will examine whether a nutritional intervention could reduce the severity of cognitive deficits associated with prenatal alcohol exposure. Choline is an essential nutrient, necessary for brain and behavioral development. Animal studies have shown that prenatal or early postnatal choline supplementation can lead to long-lasting cognitive enhancement. Similarly, choline supplementation improves cognitive outcomes among rats exposed to alcohol during development, even when administered postnatally and after alcohol exposure has occurred. The present experiment translates these findings to a clinical population of individuals exposed to heavy prenatal alcohol exposure. Subjects will be randomly assigned to receive daily choline supplementation or placebo control for a period of 6 weeks (approximately 20 subjects per group). Performance on neuropsychological tasks that measure cognitive functioning will be measured prior to treatment and at 6 weeks. These data will provide important information regarding a potential nutritional intervention for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition including buckwheat extract and a manufacturing method thereof are provided to protect skin from the external stimulation and to help the skin being soft and glossy. CONSTITUTION: A cosmetic composition includes buckwheat extract. 0.1-5 wt% of the buckwheat extract is included based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition. The buckwheat extract is filtrate extracted with C4 alcohol or C1-C4 polyhydric alcohol. An extraction solvent is a solvent obtained by mixing C1-C4 alcohol with C1-C4 polyhydric alcohol at a weight ratio of 6:4-9:1. The polyhydric alcohol is 1,3- butylene glycol or propylene glycol. The buckwheat extract is manufactured by adding 150-300 parts by weight of solvents based on 10 parts by weight of the buckwheat extract. The cosmetic composition has skin whitening effects. The cosmetic composition has anti-oxidant effects. The cosmetic composition is manufactured into aqueous liquid, lotion, milk lotion, cream, gel, pack, essence, foundation, soap, cleansing foam, cleansing lotion, cleansing cream and oil in water (O/W), and powder of water-in-oil or water-in-silicone type.