anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The present invention discloses an application of a gambogic amide for preparing a pharmaceutical product for treating a neuroglioma. The gambogic amide is a TrkA agonist and nerve growth factor (NFG) analog, and significantly and specifically inhibits glioma stem cell activity relative to a human neuroglioma cell and a human astroglia. A glioma stem cell treated with gambogic amide exhibited significantly reduced self-renewal, tumorsphere formation, and  in vivo  tumor formation in a nude rat.  In vivo  experiments using a zebrafish glioma transplantation model and a nude rat glioma transplantation model provided  in vivo  verification for the therapeutic efficacy of the pharmaceutical product against glioma. Specifically, the invention found that a micromolecular gambogic amide can achieve targeted inhibition of the glioma stem cell, and can thus be used in preparing a pharmaceutical product for treating human neuroglioma. The invention provides a novel therapeutic pharmaceutical product for treating human neuroglioma.
OBJECTIVES: Chronic pain in children and adolescents (CPCA) is widespread with an increasing prevalence. It is associated with a decreased quality of life and an increased parental work loss. Accordingly, CPCA may pose a substantial economic burden for patients, health care payers, and society. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to synthesize (1) the results of existing cost-of-illness studies (COIs) for CPCA and (2) the evidence of economic evaluations (EEs) of interventions for CPCA.
METHODS: The systematic literature search was conducted in EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, NHS EED, and HTA Database until February 2023. Title, abstract, and full-text screening were conducted by 2 researchers. Original articles reporting costs related to CPCA published in English or German were included. Study characteristics, cost components, and costs were extracted. The quality of studies was assessed using standardized tools. All costs were adjusted to 2020 purchasing power parity US dollars (PPP-USD).
RESULTS: Fifteen COIs and 10 EEs were included. The mean annual direct costs of CPCA ranged from PPP-USD 603 to PPP-USD 16,271, with outpatient services accounting for the largest share. The mean annual indirect costs ranged from PPP-USD 92 to PPP-USD 12,721. All EEs reported a decrease in overall costs in treated patients.
DISCUSSION: The methodology across studies was heterogeneous limiting the comparability. However, it is concluded that CPCA is associated with high overall costs, which were reduced in all EEs. From a health-economic perspective, efforts should address the prevention and early detection of CPCA followed by specialized pain treatment.
1. Technical Result Increase in efficiency of treatment of tissue damage resulting from tissue ischemia or hypoxia.         2. Essence A compounds of formula wherein R1, R2, R3, X, Y, Z, D and G are defined in the specification; said compounds, such as A3 agonists and pharmaceutical compositions containing such A3 agonists are useful for the reduction of tissue damage resulting from tissue ischemia or hypoxia.         3. Field of Application Medicine.
BACKGROUND: microRNAs (miRNAs) are closely associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases, but the relationship between miRNAs and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore the role and function of miRNAs and identify target genes regulating I/R.
METHODS: We established a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model to detect differentially expressed miRNAs using high-throughput sequencing in rat myocardial cells. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment were used to analyze the potential functions and signaling pathways of target genes.
RESULTS: We identified 113 differentially expressed miRNAs, comprising 76 and 37 upregulated and downregulated genes, respectively. Database predictions suggested that miR-200a-3p may act through the ferroptosis pathway, and we assessed the expression of miR-200a-3p, iron ions, and ferroptosis markers. The expression of miR-200a-3p significantly increased in the H/R group, along with increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and iron ions. When the expression of miR-200a-3p was inhibited, iron ions and ROS levels decreased significantly. Western blotting showed that transferrin receptor (TFRC) and Acyl-coA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) levels were decreased and Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression was increased.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings offer a novel perspective on I/R regulation, and the specific mechanisms underlying the actions of miR-200a-3p merit further investigation.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Microbiota modification at the endometrial level can favor gynecological diseases and impair women's fertility. The overgrowth of pathogen microorganisms is related to the contemporary alteration of estrogen-metabolizing bacteria, including β-glucuronidase, thereby enhancing estrogen-related inflammatory states and decreasing anti-inflammatory cells. The possible connection between estrobolome impairment and gynecological diseases has been suggested in animal models. Nevertheless, in humans, coherent evidence on the estrobolome alteration and functionality of the female reproductive tract is still lacking. The objective of this study was to explore alterations in estrogen-related signaling and the putative link with endometrial dysbiosis.
METHODS: Women with infertility and repeated implantation failure (RIF, N = 40) were enrolled in order to explore the putative link between estrogen metabolism and endometrial dysbiosis. Endometrial biopsies were used to measure inflammatory and growth factor molecules. β-glucuronidase enzyme activity and estrogen receptor (ER) expression were also assessed.
RESULTS: Herein, increased levels of inflammatory molecules (i.e., IL-1β and HIF-1α) and decreased levels of the growth factor IGF-1 were found in the endometrial biopsies of patients presenting dysbiosis compared to eubiotic ones. β-glucuronidase activity and the expression of ERβ were significantly enhanced in patients in the dysbiosis group. Interestingly, Lactobacilli abundance was inversely related to β-glucuronidase activity and to ERβ expression, thus suggesting that an alteration of the estrogen-activating enzyme may affect the expression of ERs as well.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, these preliminary data suggested a link between endometrial dysbiosis and estrobolome impairment as possible synergistic contributing factors to women infertility and RIF.
HIV-1 isolates with reduced susceptibility to nelfinavir have been selected in vitro. HIV isolates from selected patients treated with nelfinavir alone or in combination with reverse transcriptase inhibitors were monitored for phenotypic (n=19) and genotypic (n=195, 157 of which were evaluable) changes in clinical trials over a period of 2 to 82 weeks. One or more viral protease mutations at amino acid positions 30, 35, 36, 46, 71, 77 and 88 were detected in the HIV-1 of >10% of patients with evaluable isolates. The overall incidence of the D30N mutation in the viral protease of evaluable isolates (n=157) from patients receiving nelfinavir monotherapy or nelfinavir in combination with zidovudine and lamivudine or stavudine was 54.8%. The overall incidence of other mutations associated with primary protease inhibitor resistance was 9.6% for the L90M substitution whereas substitutions at 48, 82, or 84 were not observed. Of the 19 clinical isolates for which both phenotypic and genotypic analyses were performed, 9 showed reduced susceptibility (5- to 93-fold) to nelfinavir in vitro. All 9 patient isolates possessed one or more mutations in the viral protease gene. Amino acid position 30 appeared to be the most frequent mutation site.
Based on the presence of chronic pain and the potential use of common treatment agents in Notalgia Paresthetica (NP) and Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) for improvement, we aimed to investigate the frequency of FMS symptoms in NP patients and its impact on quality of life. This study is a case control cohort study including 26 patients diagnosed with NP and a total of 26 controls matched for age and gender. The 2016 revised fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) were used to inquire about FMS diagnosis criteria in the study. According to the 2016 ACR revised FMS diagnostic criteria, the frequency of FMS was significantly higher in the patient group (n = 9, 34.6%) compared to the control group (n = 2, 7.7%) (p = 0.042). The Wide Pain Index (WPI) score in the control group was 2.00 (3.25), while in the patient group, it was 4.00 (8.00), with a statistically significant difference between them (p < 0.035). Furthermore, significant statistical differences were found between the two groups in terms of Symptom Severity Scale (SSS), Fibromyalgia Score (FS), and FIQ (p < 0.035, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). In NP patients with accompanying FMS, Dermatology Life Quality Index was significantly more affected compared to those without FMS (p = 0.025). In conclusion, we recommend that NP patients be questioned about FMS, which is characterized by generalized pain, as well as regional neuropathic symptoms. Treatment success can be enhanced by using common agents in the treatment choice for accompanying FMS.
Opiate analgesics remain the most popular option following outpatient hand surgery despite growing evidence that non-opiate analgesics may provide equivalent pain relief with fewer adverse effects and greater overall satisfaction. The purpose of this randomized trial is to compare the efficacy, side effect profiles and satisfaction associated with Ibuprofen plus Acetaminophen versus Oxycodone alone following outpatient hand surgery. No previous studies have compared the use of opiate analgesics with acetaminophen/ibuprofen following outpatient hand surgery. Patients will be randomized to receive either oxycodone alone or acetaminophen and ibuprofen following outpatient soft tissue hand surgery. Patients will be randomized to receive one of the two aforementioned pain regimens. Patients will be given a booklet in which to record pain level by visual analog scale (VAS), satisfaction with pain control, brief pain inventory and any side effects. Patients will be seen in clinic 1 week after surgery to review symptoms. Patients may also be contacted by phone to review daily log of symptoms. Patients will be seen in clinic 1 week after surgery per standard of care.
The fate of deprived sensory cortices (visual regions in the blind and auditory regions in the deaf) exemplifies the extent to which experience can change brain regions. These regions are frequently seen to activate during tasks involving other sensory modalities, leading many authors to infer that these regions have started to process sensory information of other modalities. However, such observations can also imply that these regions are now activating in response to any task event, regardless of the sensory modality. Activating in response to task events, irrespective of the sensory modality involved, is a feature of the multiple-demands (MD) network. This is a set of regions within the frontal and parietal cortices that activate in response to any kind of control demand. Thus, demands as diverse as attention, perceptual difficulty, rule-switching, updating working memory, inhibiting responses, decision-making and difficult arithmetic all activate the same set of regions that are thought to instantiate domain-general cognitive control and underpin fluid intelligence. We investigated whether deprived sensory cortices, or foci within them, become part of the MD network. We tested whether the same foci within the visual regions of the blind and auditory regions of the deaf activated in response to different control demands. We found that control demands related to updating auditory working memory, difficult tactile decisions, time-duration judgments and sensorimotor speed all activated the entire bilateral occipital regions in the blind but not in the sighted. These occipital regions in the blind were the only regions outside the canonical frontoparietal MD regions to show such activation in response to multiple control demands. Furthermore, compared with the sighted, these occipital regions in the blind had higher functional connectivity with frontoparietal MD regions. Early deaf, in contrast, did not activate their auditory regions in response to different control demands, showing that auditory regions do not become MD regions in the deaf. We suggest that visual regions in the blind do not take a new sensory role but become part of the MD network, and this is not a response of all deprived sensory cortices but a feature unique to the visual regions.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a peptide having an amino acid sequence originating from Drap 1 whose localization in the dendritic spine of a nerve cell is remarkable, to provide a DNA encoding the peptide, and to provide a method for delivering a desired peptide such as a peptide-based medicine to an intracellular organelle such as the dendritic spine of the nerve cell with the above peptide or DNA.  <P>SOLUTION: The partial sequence or abnormal sequence of the Drap 1 which is a bound protein of a drebrin was transduced into COS 7 cell or a primary culture hippocampal fimbria cell, and the following facts were found. The 1st to 89th amino acid sequence among the amino acid sequence of Drap 1 is a nuclear transfer sequence. The 43rd to 47th amino acid sequence is a nucleus transfer signal. The 940th to 1041st amino acid sequence is an extranuclear transfer sequence. The 820th to 1041st amino acid sequence is a spine transfer sequence.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
The effectiveness of Lamotrigine Extended-Release Tablets as monotherapy for partial-onset seizures was established in a historical control trial in 223 adults with partial-onset seizures. The historical control methodology is described in a publication by French, et al.  [see References (15)]. Briefly, in this study, patients were randomized to ultimately receive either Lamotrigine Extended-Release Tablets 300 or 250 mg once a day, and their responses were compared with those of a historical control group. The historical control consisted of a pooled analysis of the control groups from 8 studies of similar design, which utilized a subtherapeutic dose of an AED as a comparator. Statistical superiority to the historical control was considered to be demonstrated if the upper 95% confidence interval for the proportion of patients meeting escape criteria in patients receiving Lamotrigine Extended-Release Tablets remained below the lower 95% prediction interval of 65.3% derived from the historical control data. 

In this study, patients aged 13 years and older experienced at least 4 partial-onset seizures during an 8-week baseline period with at least 1 seizure occurring during each of 2 consecutive 4-week periods while receiving valproate or a non–enzyme-inducing AED. Lamotrigine Extended-Release Tablets was added to either valproate or a non–enzyme-inducing AED over a 6- to 7-week period followed by the gradual withdrawal of the background AED. Patients were then continued on monotherapy with Lamotrigine Extended-Release Tablets for 12 weeks. The escape criteria were 1 or more of the following: (1) doubling of average monthly seizure count during any 28 consecutive days, (2) doubling of highest consecutive 2-day seizure frequency during the entire treatment phase, (3) emergence of a new seizure type compared with baseline (4) clinically significant prolongation of generalized tonic-clonic seizures or worsening of seizure considered by the investigator to require intervention. These criteria were similar to those in the 8 controlled trials from which the historical control group was constituted.

The upper 95% confidence limits of the proportion of subjects meeting escape criteria (40.2% at 300 mg/day and 44.5% at 250 mg/day) were below the threshold of 65.3% derived from the historical control data.

Although the study population was not fully comparable with the historical control population and the study was not fully blinded, numerous sensitivity analyses supported the primary results. Efficacy was further supported by the established effectiveness of the immediate-release formulation as monotherapy.
Patients with persistent atrial fibrillation will be enrolled in this multi-center, randomized, prospective, single-blinded study. After catheter ablation (isolation) of the pulmonary veins (PVI) and while still in the cardiac electrophysiology laboratory, all patients will be randomized to either PVI alone or the combination of PVI + posterior left atrial wall isolation (PWI). For patients randomized to PVI, their ablation procedure will be completed at that time. For those patients randomized to PVI + PWI, they will have additional ablation to achieve PWI.

All study patients will have the same follow-up after their ablation procedure, including clinic visits at 3, 6, and 12 months and a heart event monitor for 7-14 days before these visits. An echocardiogram (heart ultrasound) is performed at 6 to 12 months after the ablation. Blood thinners are recommended for two months after ablation and then the need for continued use of blood thinners will be based on individual patient's medical history, stroke risk and the decision of the study doctor. Information about the patients' medical history, heart arrhythmias and atrial fibrillation will be collected during the study which will be analyzed.
Thanatophoric dysplasia (TD) is a rare and severe type of skeletal dysplasia. Typical clinical findings include macrocephaly, shortening of the four limbs, underdeveloped lungs, and thoracic hypoplasia. Neonates with TD develop severe respiratory problems due to thoracic hypoplasia and require respiratory management for survival. Despite the resolution of respiratory problems, long-term survival cases are rare. Previous studies have reported that surgical procedures in patients with TD are limited to those necessary for survival, including tracheostomy, laminectomy, and ventricular shunt. A 1-year-old boy with TD was treated with laparoscopic herniorrhaphy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of TD treated with laparoscopic procedure.
Interferon-alpha (IFN.alpha.) analog proteins modified by chemical attachment of at least one hydrophilic polymer moiety, such as polyethylene glycol chain, are described. In one embodiment, the IFN.alpha. analog protein has an amino acid sequence that differs from a native human IFN.alpha. interferon-alpha by one or more amino acid residues in the N-terminal region, comprised of between about residues 1-27, inclusive, by one or more substitutions selected based on the amino acid residue at the corresponding position of a mature interferon-tau (IFN.tau.) protein. Methods of treating viral diseases and other disorders with the polymer- modified IFN.alpha. analog protein are also described.
Patients receive 400 mg/m\^2 cetuximab IV over 120 minutes on day 1 and 250 mg/m\^2 cetuximab IV over 60-120 minutes on day 8. Definitive surgical resection of liver metastases will take place on day 15.
The present invention relates to a method for producing Hendersonia spp. cultures, characterized by the steps of culturing Hendersonia spp. cultures on activation agar until maturity; inoculating sterile distilled water with the cultured Hendersonia spp. to produce a cell suspension; inoculating an activation medium with the cell suspension; incubating the inoculated activation medium in a shaking incubator to produce a vegetative culture of Hendersonia spp.; transferring the vegetative culture to a first stirred tank bioreactor containing a first production medium, followed by incubation to produce a first seed culture; transferring the first seed culture to a second stirred tank bioreactor containing a second production medium, followed by incubation to produce a second seed culture; transferring the second seed culture to a third stirred tank bioreactor containing a fresh batch of the second production medium, followed by incubation to produce a mature Hendersonia spp. culture; and homogenizing the mature Hendersonia spp. culture; wherein dissolved oxygen tension is maintained at a minimum of 30% in each stirred tank bioreactor; wherein the first and second seed cultures each achieves a minimum cell dry weight of 14 g/L before transfer to the second and third bioreactors respectively.
PURPOSE: We aimed to define factors affecting the non-invasive overall treatment success (medical expulsive therapy (MET) ± shock wave lithotripsy (SWL)) for uncomplicated ureteral steinstrasse (SS) clearance.
METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated consecutive patients who underwent SWL for renal stones between 2017 and 2021. Patients with uncomplicated SS were included. All patient's demographic and radiological data, e.g., age, gender, pre-SWL stenting, SS site, type, leading stone size in widest diameter (< 10 mm and ≥ 10 mm), ureteral wall thickness (UWT) in mm against the leading stone were collected. If SS was diagnosed, medical treatment was given for 4 weeks. In case of MET failure, either SWL for the leading stones + MET or direct URS was done. Non-invasive treatment success (SFR) was considered if complete clearance of SS occurred with no complications or the need for invasive intervention.
RESULTS: A total of 145 patients were included with mean age of 45.9 ± 12.4 years. SFR in case of MET only occurred in 27.9%. Complications happened in 26 patients (17.9%). Non-invasive treatment SFR was achieved in 78 patients (53.8%) totally where SS type I, leading stone size ≤ 10 mm type and decreased UWT around the leading stone increased treatment success.
CONCLUSION: Ureteral wall thickness is an important factor predicting SS management success. Besides the decreased UWT, non-invasive management should be offered for type I SS with leading stone ≤ 10 mm.