anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The concept of type 2 diabetes remission is evolving rapidly, and gaining wide public and professional interest, following demonstration that with substantial intentional weight loss almost nine in ten people with type 2 diabetes can reduce their HbA1c level below the diagnostic criterion (48 mmol/mol [6.5%]) without glucose-lowering medications, and improve all features of the metabolic syndrome. Pursuing nomoglycaemia with older drugs was dangerous because of the risk of side effects and hypoglycaemia, so the conventional treatment target was an HbA1c concentration of 53 mmol/mol (7%), meaning that diabetes was still present and allowing disease progression. Newer agents may achieve a normal HbA1c safely and, by analogy with treatments that send cancers or inflammatory diseases into remission, this might also be considered remission. However, although modern glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and related medications are highly effective for weight loss and glycaemic improvement, and generally safe, many people do not want to take drugs indefinitely, and their cost means that they are not available across much of the world. Therefore, there are strong reasons to explore and research dietary approaches for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. All interventions that achieve sustained weight loss of >10-15 kg improve HbA1c, potentially resulting in remission if sufficient beta cell capacity can be preserved or restored, which occurs with loss of the ectopic fat in liver and pancreas that is found with type 2 diabetes. Remission is most likely with type 2 diabetes of short duration, lower HbA1c and a low requirement for glucose-lowering medications. Relapse is likely with weight regain and among those with a poor beta cell reserve. On current evidence, effective weight management should be provided to all people with type 2 diabetes as soon as possible after diagnosis (or even earlier, at the stage of prediabetes, defined in Europe, Australasia, Canada [and most of the world] as ≥42 and <48 mmol/mol [≥6.0 and <6.5%], and in the USA as HbA1c ≥39 and <48 mmol/mol [≥5.7 and <6.5%]). Raising awareness among people with type 2 diabetes and their healthcare providers that remission is possible will enable earlier intervention. Weight loss of >10 kg and remission lasting 1-2 years may also delay vascular complications, although more evidence is needed. The greatest challenge for research is to improve long-term weight loss maintenance, defining cost-effective approaches tailored to the preferences and needs of people living with type 2 diabetes.
Age is one of the most important risk factors for the development of breast cancer. Nearly a third of all breast cancer cases occur in older women (aged ≥ 70 years), with most cases being estrogen receptor-positive (ER+). Such tumours are unlikely to be the ultimate cause of death for older women, particularly when considering other comorbidities. Our group has recently shown that risk of breast cancer-related mortality is only around 3% for older women who forego upfront surgery and instead treated with primary endocrine monotherapy. However, with omission of surgery, surveillance for tumor growth or treatment failure is important but requires patients (and their caregivers) to have regular imaging and to see their oncology team every 3 months, which can be quite burdensome. Thus, this study employs a ctDNA surveillance scheme to monitor for potential tumor growth. Partnering with Natera, this study uses a bespoke, tumor-specific ctDNA assay (Signatera) to monitor for changes in ctDNA dynamics while the patient is on endocrine therapy.

This study is for patients who choose not to undergo primary surgical intervention and are managed medically on primary endocrine therapy (any endocrine therapy permitted). Patients will undergo Signatera testing at the time of regularly scheduled clinic follow-up visits and/or at the time of surveillance imaging, which will occur every 3-6 months. Patients will also be asked to complete regular surveys while participating in the study.
The project's intervention involves conducting semi-structured interviews with clinical laboratory managers and medical professionals. The estimated number of participants for this study is 30. Various In-house in vitro diagnostic tests (IH-IVDs) will be selected, that are classified under different categories according to the risk management in the new IVDR. Two interviews will be conducted for each test. These interviews will engage a laboratory technician and a medical expert specialized in that particular test. The purpose of these interviews is to gather data on the variables that contribute to the risks of IH-IVDs and their impact on clinical diagnosis and patient outcomes. The obtained results will be applied in creating a decision tree using a pre-validated algorithm. The semi-structured interviews feature pre-determined questions that allow participants to share their experiences and opinions within their area of expertise. Each interview is expected to last between thirty minutes to an hour. If consent is given, the interviews will be recorded but not published or shared. In accordance with the confidentiality policy, all data collected will be kept anonymous.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for various diseases caused by increase in L-histidine decarboxylase activity (allergic diseases, inflammatory diseases, peptic ulcer, morbidity caused by histamine production, or the like).  <P>SOLUTION: The L-histidine decarboxylase inhibitor comprises as an effective ingredient Sinomeni Caulis et Rhizoma or an extract thereof. The L-histidine decarboxylase inhibitor comprises as an effective ingredient a compound represented by the formula shown in Fig. A (wherein Me is a methyl group; and the ring shown in Fig. B is a ring represented by any one of formulae shown in Fig. C).  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
All patients in the retrospective cohort are contacted at least 1 year after surgery and/or 3 years after surgery via phone call or letter, informed about the study and asked to participate. In case of informed consent, they are invited to the study site. They are asked to complete the questionnaires and they undergo a Sonography of the ventral abdomen.
Research demonstrates the health-related benefits of participation in daily physical activity (PA), including prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Despite this knowledge, the majority of US adults, particularly black women, do not achieve recommended levels of PA and, consequently, have higher rates of related chronic disease. An efficacy study led by the proposed Principal Investigator developed and tested an in person, 10-month group-based faith-integrated (FI) or secular (SEC) PA intervention, compared with a self-guided control (SG) for black women. Both FI and SEC were superior to SG for increasing daily steps after 10 months, and FI was superior to SG for increasing daily steps 12 months post intervention. Barriers to program participation noted by participants included childcare and work responsibilities and proximity to the group meeting location. The 2018 PA Guidelines Advisory Committee Scientific Report highlighted the need for effective strategies to promote PA, including internet-delivered interventions which have demonstrated strong evidence for effectiveness at increasing PA levels. Limited data exist regarding the efficacy of internet-delivered interventions in racial/ethnic minority groups. Online delivery of our evidence-based program may increase reach and address known barriers to PA program participation in black women. This project will explore strategies for adapting the program for web-based delivery of the existing curriculum. R21 phase aims are: Aim 1: Solicit input from individuals representative of the population of focus to inform the translation of the FI curriculum for online use; Aim 2: Use the knowledge gathered in Aim 1 to adapt existing FI and SG curricula for online use; Aim 3: Assess acceptability of the online curricula in an advisory group similar to the target population. Investigators will conduct focus groups with black women to understand factors that would influence online delivery of the curriculum. A 12-member advisory group will be convened to assist with developing materials/strategies to adapt the curriculum for online delivery. In an iterative approach where material is tested, refined, and retested until complete, investigators will engage the advisory group in feasibility testing of the online curriculum
[Problem] To provide a technique for suitably performing a health evaluation of individuals and organizations. [Solution] A health evaluation system which is provided with a user terminal and a management server which has a question information database. The question information database stores a physical question group which has multiple question items based on the viewpoint of the current physical state and lifestyle habits, a mental question group which has multiple question items based on the viewpoint of psychological state, and an engagement question group which has multiple question items based on the viewpoint of the user's motivation. The management server sends the user terminal question information generated on the basis of the physical question group, the mental question group and the engagement question group. The user terminal sends the management server the user's responses to the received question information. The management server generates advice information and a total score based on the responses and provides these to the user.
CMD is a very rare bone disorder that affects mostly bones of the head (=cranial bones) but also long (=tubular) bones. Therefore, CMD has been added to the class of craniotubular bone disorders. There are a number of disorders in this group and sometimes they are difficult to distinguish. Typical signs for CMD are the lifelong bone deposition in bones of the face and head (=progressive craniofacial hyperostosis) and the widening of the ends of long bones (=metaphyseal flaring). Typical facial characteristics are wide-set eyes and a prominent jaw (=mandible). CMD is sometimes diagnosed in infants. The best way to confirm diagnosis is by molecular genetics.
This study will compare people with Parkinson\'s Disease and depression to individuals with Parkinson's Disease without Major Depressive Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder with no Parkinson's, and Healthy Controls. Up to 30 participants will be recruited and enrolled for each of these 4 groups. Participants will be asked to complete one PET and one MRI scan along with study assessments. Once screening and consent is completed, participants will be scheduled for PET and MRI scans. The total duration for participants in this study is 7 hours, including the screening visit and then one additional visit for the scans.

The main questions it aims to answer are: 1) Will the Parkinson's depression group exhibit a distinct pattern of synaptic deficits compared to other groups? 2) Will there be differences in functional connectivity across groups? 3) Are there associations between synaptic density and functional connectivity across groups?
The invention involves cellular and biological responses to relatively low concentrations of thionin (such as  Pyrularia  thionin), which responses are distinct from the direct cytotoxic effect of high concentrations of thionins on cells. These two separate biological responses of immune cells to thionins are related to the presence of two separate and distinct binding sites on the immune cell, a high affinity binding site that reacts with thionins at low concentrations to stimulate the immune cell to provide antitumor protection, and a low affinity site that is responsible for the direct toxicity of thionins to cells. This invention provides, in certain embodiments, methods for using a thionin, either alone or in combination with an interleukin, for stimulation of the immune system. Particular embodiments provide methods for inhibition of tumor formation and/or tumor metastasis, methods for the stimulation of natural killer cells, methods for the stimulation of T cell lymphocyte differentiation and proliferation, and/or methods for the stimulation of cytokine production by various immune cells. Also provided are compositions that include thionin, e.g.,  Pyrularia  thionin, for the treatment and/or prevention of neoplasia, for the treatment of viral infection, for the treatment of immune deficiency (e.g., such as is caused by disease or advancing age). Other embodiments of the invention provide biologically active compounds conjugated or otherwise complexed to the very stable thionin molecule (such as a βME-thionin conjugate), and methods of use of such compounds and/or conjugates for immunostimulation.
This is a Phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study in Hepatitis C (HCV) infected patients undergoing liver transplantation. Chronically infected patients with HCV genotype 1a scheduled to receive a liver transplant from either a deceased or living donor who satisfy all study inclusion or exclusion criteria will be approached to participate. The study will be conducted in two parts to test a human monoclonal antibody against Hepatitis C (MBL-HCV1). In Part 1, sixteen eligible patients will be randomized 1:1 to receive 50 mg/kg MBL-HCV1 or 0.9% sodium chloride placebo intravenously. Eleven doses will be given during the first 14 days post transplantation. Patients will be evaluated through day 56 for safety and clinical outcomes that include measurement of anti-HCV antibodies, anti-drug antibody and HCV viral load. On study visit day 42, a liver biopsy will be performed for evaluation of hepatitis. Physical examination, vital sign measurements, emergence of adverse events and concomitant medication usage will be assessed at scheduled visits and as needed during the 56 day study period.

The Data Safety and Monitoring Board will perform a futility analysis after the first 16 patients have been enrolled and completed study follow-up through study visit day 42 post transplant. Based on the results of the interim analysis, the dose of MBL-HCV1 for part 2 of the study will be determined. Part 2 of the study will be conducted in the same manner as Part 1.
The rearing of calves is an essential activity of a dairy system, as it impacts the future production of these animals. This study aims to evaluate the incidence of diarrhea, performance, and blood parameters of suckling calves that received mineral-vitamin supplementation in milk plus virginiamycin that was offered in milk (via the abomasum) or by esophageal tube (via the rumen). Twenty-seven calves were used, from the first week to 60 days of age, submitted to the following treatments: CONTROL, without supplementation; MILK, supplementation of 20 g of a mineral-vitamin complex with 100 mg of virginiamycin, diluted in milk; RUMEN, supplementation of 20 g of a mineral-vitamin complex diluted in milk and 100 mg of virginiamycin in gelatin capsules via an esophageal applicator. MILK and RUMEN calves had lower fecal consistency scoring, fewer days with scores 2 and 3 throughout the experimental period, and lower spending on medication compared to the CONTROL animals. Supplemented calves had higher fat and protein intake and reached feed intake of 600 g earlier than CONTROL animals, but did not differ in performance and hematological parameters. Supplementation with virginiamycin and vitamin-mineral complex for suckling calves reduced the incidence and days of diarrhea, and reduced medication costs, with no difference in performance, but the supplemented animals had higher initial protein and fat intake and reached targeted feed intake earlier to begin the weaning process.
Background and Objectives: Menstrual changes, including altered cycle length and bleeding patterns, have been reported following COVID-19 vaccination. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and types of menstrual changes occurring after COVID-19 vaccination among female students and staff at a university in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among women aged 18-39 years who received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. Eligible participants, including university students and staff, were recruited between May 2022 and November 2022. Participants completed a questionnaire detailing their sociodemographic characteristics, general medical and reproductive history, and menstrual characteristics before and after vaccination. The prevalence of various menstrual changes (cycle length, bleeding days, flow, and mid-cycle spotting) was calculated. The demographic factors associated with menstrual changes were analyzed using chi-squared tests. Results: The 472 included participants had a mean age of 20.9 years, and 95.3% were unmarried. Changes in menstrual cycle characteristics after COVID-19 vaccination were reported by 54.7% of respondents overall. The most common change was in cycle length, followed by the number of menstruation days and bleeding flow. Menstrual changes were not associated with age, BMI, occupation, marital status, or medical history. Changes in intermenstrual bleeding were more frequently reported after the third dose of the Pfizer vaccine compared to the Moderna vaccine (p = 0.014). Conclusions: More than half of the recruited female students and staff reported menstrual changes following COVID-19 vaccination, with altered cycle length being the most common. The potential underlying mechanisms and implications of these menstrual alterations require further investigation. These findings provide evidence of the menstrual side effects of COVID-19 vaccines among women in Saudi Arabia.
Group 2 patients will continue on the usual dialysate (A + D) for 6 months and then switch to A-D dialysate for the next 6 months. Patients will be blinded from study treatment.
REMERON® (mirtazapine) Tablets are an orally administered drug. Mirtazapine has a tetra-cyclic chemical structure and belongs to the piperazino-azepine group of compounds. It is designated 1,2,3,4,10,14b-hexahydro-2-methylpyrazino [2,1-a] pyrido [2,3-c] benzazepine and has the empirical formula of C17H19N3. Its molecular weight is 265.36. The structural formula is the following and it is the racemic mixture:

Mirtazapine is a white to creamy white crystalline powder which is slightly soluble in water.

REMERON is supplied for oral administration as scored film-coated tablets containing 15 or 30 mg of mirtazapine, and unscored film-coated tablets containing 45 mg of mirtazapine. Each tablet also contains corn starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, magnesium stearate, colloidal silicon dioxide, lactose, and other inactive ingredients.
This invention tracks and collects the data of the symptoms a person is experiencing as the symptoms happen, on a symptom logger, and are converted into a symptom score. The data is sent wirelessly to a tracker mobile app running on a user device when they are in range of each other. The tracker mobile app shows logged symptoms by date and time and tracks and collects the data of what may be triggering those symptoms (e.g., food, drink, medication, etc.). The tracker mobile app also keeps a daily journal of heath questions and sends reminders for medications to be taken. All the data is sent continually to the cloud. The data from the cloud is put into graphical reports for the medical professional and the patient. By correlating the data of symptoms and triggers, the medical professional can determine what is causing the patients symptoms and prescribe possible solutions.
Colorectal cancer is primarily a disease of the elderly, with the median age in the United States of 70 years. Age greater than 65 years at presentation is not a contraindication to standard therapies; acceptable morbidity and mortality, as well as long term survival, are achieved in this patient population. However, studies evaluating combination therapy have generally involved younger patients with high performance status scores. Given the non-over-lapping safety profiles of the proposed study agents and the potential synergy, it would be of benefit to explore the combination of oxaliplatin, capecitabine, and bevacizumab in the treatment of older patients with colorectal cancer. Time to progression, overall response, duration of response, and toxicity profile will be evaluated. The feasibility of using a self-report geriatric assessment tool will also be assessed.
Hypoxia-ischaemia (HI) can induce the death of cerebrovascular constituent cells through oxidative stress. Hydrogen is a powerful antioxidant which can activate the antioxidant system. A hypoxia-ischaemia brain damage (HIBD) model was established in 7-day-old SD rats. Rats were treated with different doses of hydrogen-rich water (HRW), and brain pericyte oxidative stress damage, cerebrovascular function and brain tissue damage were assessed. Meanwhile, in vitro-cultured pericytes were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation and treated with different concentrations of HRW. Oxidative injury was measured and the molecular mechanism of how HRW alleviated oxidative injury of pericytes was also examined. The results showed that HRW significantly attenuated HI-induced oxidative stress in the brain pericytes of neonatal rats, partly through the Nrf2-HO-1 pathway, further improving cerebrovascular function and reducing brain injury and dysfunction. Furthermore, HRW is superior to a single-cell death inhibitor for apoptosis, ferroptosis, parthanatos, necroptosis and autophagy and can better inhibit HI-induced pericyte death. The liver and kidney functions of rats were not affected by present used HRW dose. This study elucidates the role and mechanism of hydrogen in treating HIBD from the perspective of pericytes, providing new theoretical evidence and mechanistic references for the clinical application of hydrogen in neonatal HIE.
An osmotic device that, following the imbibement of water vapor, provides for the controlled release of a beneficial agent to an aqueous environment. The device comprises a hydrophilic formulation including a beneficial agent, and if needed, an osmagent, surrounded by a wall. The wall is formed at least in part of a semipermeable hydrophobic membrane having an average pore size between about 0.1 μm and 30 μm. The pores are substantially filled with a gas phase. The hydrophobic membrane is permeable to water in the vapor phase and the hydrophobic membrane is impermeable to an aqueous medium at a pressure less than about 100 Pa. The beneficial agent is released, for example, by osmotic pumping or osmotic bursting upon imbibement of sufficient water vapor into the device core. These devices minimize incompatibilities between the beneficial agent and ions (such as hydrogen or hydroxyl) or other dissolved or suspended materials in the aqueous medium, since contact between the beneficial agent and the aqueous medium does not occur until after the beneficial agent is released. This results from the semipermeable membrane's selective permeability for water vapor. In addition, the high water fluxes attendant with these vapor-permeable membranes facilitate the delivery of beneficial agents having low solubilities, and the delivery of high dosages of beneficial agents.