anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
We examine the causal effects of PM2.5 exposure on the burden of long-term care (LTC) by matching a satellite-based PM2.5 (particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers (μm) in diameter) dataset with a nationally representative longitudinal study in China from 2011 to 2018. We find significant adverse effects of PM2.5 exposure-instrumented by thermal inversions-on the LTC burden. A 10 μg/m3 increase in annual PM2.5 exposure increases average monthly hours of LTC and the associated financial costs by 28 h and CNY 452, respectively. The effects are greater for those who had never smoked nor experienced severe PM2.5 pollution (annual average PM2.5 > 35 μg/m3) in the previous 5 years. We also find that as PM2.5 increases, chronic diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases, could lead to a higher likelihood of LTC dependency but reduce the total hours and costs of LTC provision. Finally, we find that PM2.5 reduces the total years of LTC need, suggesting that PM2.5 increases LTC costs by increasing the severity of LTC dependency, rather than the duration of LTC need. Our findings can assist policymakers in planning for LTC provisions and clean air policies.
Participants receive FID-007 IV over 60 minutes on days 1, 8 and 15. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a quickly disintegrable tablet which comprises a powder compression molded product having a high strength but having a low density and is excellent in a disintegration property in liquids.  <P>SOLUTION: This disintegrable tablet is obtained by compressing a powder mixture comprising the powder of a raw material and a polymer binder which is solid at ordinary temperature and has a melting point of ≤100°C, and has a porosity of 20 to 40 vol.%. This disintegrable tablet is preferably obtained by compressing the mixture, while giving ultrasonic wave oscillations. The powder of the raw material as the main agent preferably has a weight-average particle diameter of 20 to 300 μm and a coefficient of variation of ≤50%. The method for producing the disintegrable tablet comprises filling a mold for table molding with the powder mixture, and then giving a compression force to at least one of molding pestles oppositely disposed on both the sides of the powder mixture, while giving ultrasonic wave oscillations to the powder mixture.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
FATCOR is an observational study of women and men with overweight or obesity. In particular prevalences of conventional cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical arterial or cardiac dysfunction are explored. The study aims at identifying sex differences in presence and clustering of cardiovascular risk factors and presence of subclinical cardiovascular organ damage. The influence of physical fitness on these factors will also be assessed. All participants undergo extensive cardiovascular risk factor assessment including oral glucose tolerance test and ambulatory blood pressure recording. Subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction is assessed by carotid and femoral vascular ultrasound, echocardiography and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity using applanation tonometry. Physical fitness is assessed from peak oxygen uptake during maximal exercise testing on a treadmill.
Over the past two decades, the prevalence of asthma has dramatically increased in many parts of the world. The current National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP) identifies inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) as the preferred long-term control therapy for all forms of persistent asthma. However, there is still a significant proportion of patients with persistent asthma who are not receiving ICS therapy or do not follow their treatment plan. Individualized asthma treatment plans are needed. The use of biomarkers, in addition to NAEPP guidelines, may help enhance the level of asthma assessment, guide medication regimens, and improve overall asthma control. This study will determine whether NAEPP-recommended treatment, combined with eNO measurement, is more effective in reducing asthma symptoms than NAEPP-recommended treatment alone. ICAC-01 will last 46 weeks and will comprise 8 study visits.

ICAC-01 also includes a mechanistic sub-study (ICAC-02). Its primary objective is to determine whether "highly sensitized", compared to "weakly sensitized" asthmatic subjects have more severe asthma, as defined by the levels at randomization to the completion of ICAC-01. To address the primary objective of ICAC-02, the study will include all the participants enrolled in ICAC-01 with dust mite-, cockroach- and/or alternaria-specific IgE levels within certain parameters.
Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer found in American men, other than skin cancer. The American Cancer Society estimated that there were about 230,900 new cases of prostate cancer in the United States in the year 2004. About 29,900 men will die of this disease. Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men, exceeded only by lung cancer. This protocol attempts to exploit an approach to prostate cancer immunotherapy using a naturally occurring barrier to xenotransplantation in humans in an attempt to vaccinate patients against their prostate cancer. The expression of the murine alpha (1,3) galactosyltransferase \[alpha (1,3) GT\] gene results in the cell surface expression of alpha (1,3) galactosyl-epitopes (alpha-gal) on membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids. These epitopes are the major target of the hyperacute rejection response that occurs when organs are transplanted from non-primate donor species into man. Human hosts often have pre-existing anti-alpha-gal antibodies that bind alpha-gal epitopes and lead to rapid activation of complement and cell lysis. The pre-existing anti-alpha-gal antibodies found in most individuals are thought to be due to exposure to alpha-gal epitopes that are naturally expressed on normal gut flora leading to chronic immunological stimulation. These antibodies may comprise up to 1% of serum IgG. In this Phase I/II trial, patients with hormone refractory prostate cancer will undergo a series of twelve intradermal injections with a vaccine composed of irradiated allogeneic prostate cancer cell lines (HAP-1 and HAP-2) that have been transduced with a recombinant Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMLV)-based retroviral vector expressing the murine alpha (1,3) GT gene. Endpoints of the study include determination of dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), maximum tolerated dose (MTD), tumor and immunological responses.
Propafenone exerts a negative inotropic activity on the myocardium as well as beta-blockade effects and may provoke overt heart failure. In the U.S. trial (RAFT) in patients with symptomatic AF, heart failure was reported in 4 (1.0%) patients receiving propafenone hydrochloride extended-release capsules (all doses) compared with 1 (0.8%) patient receiving placebo. Proarrhythmic effects more likely occur when propafenone is administered to patients with heart failure (NYHA III and IV) or severe myocardial ischemia [see Contraindications (4)] . 

In clinical trial experience with propafenone hydrochloride immediate-release, new or worsened congestive heart failure has been reported in 3.7% of patients with ventricular arrhythmia. These events were more likely in subjects with pre-existing heart failure and coronary artery disease. New onset of heart failure attributable to propafenone developed in less than 0.2% of patients with ventricular arrhythmia and in 1.9% of patients with paroxysmal AF or PSVT.
BACKGROUND: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders, and involves high relapse rates in which persistent negative thinking and rumination (i.e., perseverative cognition [PC]) play an important role. Positive fantasizing and mindfulness are common evidence-based psychological interventions that have been shown to effectively reduce PC and subsequent depressive relapse. How the interventions cause changes in PC over time, is unknown, but likely differ between the two. Whereas fantasizing may change the valence of thought content, mindfulness may operate through disengaging from automatic thought patterns. Comparing mechanisms of both interventions in a clinical sample and a non-clinical sample can give insight into the effectivity of interventions for different individuals. The current study aims to 1) test whether momentary psychological and psychophysiological indices of PC are differentially affected by positive fantasizing versus mindfulness-based interventions, 2) test whether the mechanisms of change by which fantasizing and mindfulness affect PC differ between remitted MDD versus never-depressed (ND) individuals, and 3) explore potential moderators of the main effects of the two interventions (i.e., what works for whom).
METHODS: In this cross-over trial of fantasizing versus mindfulness interventions, we will include 50 remitted MDD and 50 ND individuals. Before the start of the measurements, participants complete several individual characteristics. Daily-life diary measures of thoughts and feelings (using an experience sampling method), behavioural measures of spontaneous thoughts (using the Sustained Attention to Response Task), actigraphy, physiological measures (impedance cardiography, electrocardiography, and electroencephalogram), and measures of depressive mood (self-report questionnaires) are performed during the week before (pre-) the interventions and the week during (peri-) the interventions. After a wash-out of at least one month, pre- and peri-intervention measures for the second intervention are repeated.
DISCUSSION: This is the first study integrating self-reports, behavioural-, and physiological measures capturing dynamics at multiple time scales to examine the differential mechanisms of change in PC by psychological interventions in individuals remitted from multiple MDD episodes and ND individuals. Unravelling how therapeutic techniques affect PC in remitted individuals might generate insights that allows development of personalised targeted relapse prevention interventions.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06145984, November 16, 2023.
In this group, the patients were given 2 cycles of inductive therapy of cardonilizumab combined with chemotherapy, followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy with two cycles of nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin plus radiotherapy of 50-50.4 Gy. After clinical evaluation, surgery was feasible for a part of patients.
The prevalence and factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) between men and women in Mongolia were compared using secondary data from the STEPwise approach to non-communicable disease risk factor surveillance conducted in 2019. In total, 5,695 participants (2,577 males and 3,118 females) aged 18-69 years old were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of MetS was 37.4% in total and the prevalence was significantly higher in women (39.2%) than men (35.2%, P = 0.002). The most prevalent MetS components were abdominal obesity in women (74.2%) and high blood glucose levels in men (58.7%). All of the 2,128 participants who were categorized into MetS met the criteria of abdominal obesity. Factors associated with MetS included being 30-69 years old compared to 18-29 years old, low and moderate physical activity levels compared to high levels, history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and a high body mass index (overweight and obesity) compared to a normal body mass index in both sexes. Additional factors included Buryat ethnicity compared to Khalkh ethnicity, living in Ulaanbaatar, no education compared to primary education, higher monthly income, and currently drinking in men; and smoking and sufficient fruit and vegetable intake in women. Significant differences were observed between men and women in terms of the prevalence of MetS, components of MetS, and factors associated with MetS. To reduce MetS prevalence in Mongolia, sex-specific programs should be designed to promote health behavior, such as reducing alcohol consumption in men and smoking in women.
Sepsis is a common disease with high morbidity and mortality among newborns in intensive care units world-wide. Gram-negative bacillary bacteria are the major source of infection in neonates. Gentamicin is the most widely used aminoglycoside antibiotic in empiric therapy against early-onset sepsis. However, therapy failure may result due to various factors. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of gentamicin therapy failure in neonates with sepsis. This was a prospective cross-sectional study at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Windhoek Central Hospital over a period of 5 months in 2019. Neonates received intravenous gentamicin 5 mg/kg/24 h in combination with either benzylpenicillin 100 000 IU/kg/12 h or ampicillin 50 mg/kg/8 h. Logistic regression modeling was performed to determine the predictors of treatment outcomes. 36% of the 50 neonates were classified as having gentamicin treatment failure. Increasing treatment duration by 1 day resulted in odds of treatment failure increasing from 1.0 to 2.41. Similarly, one unit increase in CRP increases odds of gentamicin treatment failure by 49%. The 1 kg increase in birthweight reduces the log odds of treatment failure by 6.848, resulting in 99.9% decrease in the odds of treatment failure. One unit increase in WBC reduces odds of gentamicin treatment failure by 27%. Estimates of significant predictors of treatment failure were precise, yielding odds ratios that were within 95% confidence interval. This study identified the following as predictors of gentamicin therapy failure in neonates: prolonged duration of treatment, elevated C-reactive protein, low birthweight, and low white blood cell count.
To assess the long-term association between the residual renal volume and the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in kidney donors following open or laparoscopic donor nephrectomy. A retrospective observational study involving 452 individuals who underwent open or laparoscopic donor nephrectomy at Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. The study spanned over a comprehensive 60-month monitoring period. Residual renal volume was determined through Computer Tomography. Patient characteristics, surgical techniques, donated kidney side, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were collected and analysed. In a multivariate analysis, a residual renal volume exceeding 50% of original volume is associated with an increased likelihood of developing CKD, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.675 (P < 0.05), and male gender has a hazard ratio (HR) of 4.013 (P < 0.001). Additionally, age is identified as a minor risk factor for developing CKD, with hazard ratio (HR) of 1.107 (P < 0.001). Higher residual renal volume, male gender, and older age were identified as independent risk factors for the development of CKD following open or laparoscopic donor nephrectomy during long-term follow-up.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neuromuscular disease that causes various degrees of disability in mobility and functional activities, causing restrictions on the individual's social and professional life, creating advanced disability and impairing quality of life. Problems in upper limb function affect quality of life and functional independence of the patients. Recovery of restricted daily life functions (such as dressing, personal care, eating and body care) is one of the main goals of physiotherapy and rehabilitation in MS and currently, conventional physiotherapy and rehabilitation methods are most commonly used. The main purpose of this method is to reduce pain, increase range of motion and muscle strength. With the developing technology various virtual reality applications have begun to take place in physiotherapy and rehabilitation programs recently. These virtual reality applications are used to motivate the patient and keep their interest in the rehabilitation. The aim of our study is to investigate the effects of game-based virtual reality exercises added to conventional physiotherapy and rehabilitation program in patients with MS.
BACKGROUND: Past research has established the important role of parent soothing in early childhood pain management. However, limited research has assessed children's own emerging emotion regulation strategies to reduce their pain during vaccination. The purpose of the current study was to understand the relative contributions of child-led emotion-regulation behaviours over and above parent regulatory behaviours and pre-needle distress.
METHODS: Toddler-caregiver dyads were videotaped at their 12- and/or 18-month vaccinations. Videos were coded for pain-related behavioural distress, child-led regulatory behaviours (disengagement of attention, parent-focused behaviours, and physical self-soothing), and parent regulatory/soothing behaviours (distraction, physical comfort, rocking, verbal reassurance). Pre-needle distress, followed by parent regulatory behaviours, followed by child regulatory behaviours were used as hierarchical predictors of pain regulation. Two sets of models were estimated at each age, by incorporating parent and child regulatory behaviours at 1 min and 2 min post-needle, separately.
RESULTS: At both ages, child-led parent-focused behaviours predicted less regulation. At 18 months, parent soothing behaviours (e.g. distraction, verbal reassurance, rocking) played a stronger role in regulation, however; the only behaviour that increased regulation was rocking.
CONCLUSIONS: Measuring both parent and child regulatory behaviours was important for fully understanding pain-related distress regulation. Toddlers' use of parent-focused regulatory behaviours (e.g. proximity seeking) suggests that they signal to their parent directly when they are struggling to regulate post-needle. The only parent behaviour that supported this regulation was rocking at 18 months, suggesting a greater need to understand the sensitivity of parent behaviours post-needle.
SIGNIFICANCE: To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine both parent and child regulatory behaviours following vaccination at different stages in toddlerhood. This investigation allows a deeper understanding of the dyadic nature of early childhood vaccination, as well as the evolving role of the parent through toddlerhood. Importantly, findings suggest that toddlers do not simply wait for their parents to respond to their pain post-needle and provide clear signals to show their need of support in regulation.
Rhinoplasty using threads has been popular for the benefits of being free from anesthesia, shortness of post-surgical recovery process, and surgery-related complications. Compared with its beneficial aspects, studies that evaluated thread rhinoplasty-related complications are relatively limited. Recently, we experienced a patient who underwent barbed thread rhinoplasty in 12 months before visiting our clinic. She presented with a firm mass-like lesion palpated through the nasal dorsum, making hump-looking appearance. During revision rhinoplasty, we found that previously inserted threads were identified from the nasal dorusam and tip area not being resorted. Threads and soft tissue on nasal dorsal area formed firm mass-like lesion and were firmly attached to surrounding soft tissues. Herein, we introduce our case in which the formation of nasal mass on dorsal area is a later complication of thread rhinoplasty.
The training group (TR) will undergo 3 weeks of electroencephalography-based neurofeedback (EEG-NFB). EEG-NFB training.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Due to an increased rate of inflammation in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), insight into the mediating factors in the onset and recurrence of the inflammatory response can help to achieve novel treatments for alleviating the risk of GAD. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the possible relationship between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) as an important intermediary in inflammation pathways and GAD in participants of the Employees' Health Cohort Study of Iran (EHCSIR).
METHOD: We analyzed the data from 3889 included participants aged > 18 years in the EHCSIR study, which were collected from 2017 to 2020. Lifetime and 12-month GAD were assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-2.1) questionnaire. The adjusted prevalence ratio was computed to evaluate the association between GAD and visceral adiposity index (VAI), GAD and visceral fat area (VFA), GAD and body mass index (BMI) and ultimately GAD and waist circumference (WC) in males and females using STATA software.
RESULTS: Log-binomial analysis showed a higher prevalence ratio of 12-month GAD associated with VFA in women [PR: 1.42, CI: 1.07-1.87, P: 0.015]. The prevalence of lifetime GAD was higher in obese women (BM1 > 30) [PR: 2.35, CI: 1.07-5.13, P:0.03] than in women with normal BMI. Women with higher VAI were also significantly more likely to suffer lifetime GAD [PR: 1.25, CI: 1.05]. 1.48, P:0.01]. In males, the prevalence of lifetime diagnosed GAD per 1 standard deviation increase in VFA was 0.65 [CI: 0.46-0.91, P: 0.01].
CONCLUSION: Visceral adiposity as a positive agent was associated with GAD prevalence in women. The presence of GAD symptoms showed no relationship to VFA in men.
Craniotomy or decompressive craniectomy are among the therapeutic options to prevent or treat secondary damage after severe brain injury. The choice of procedure depends, among other things, on the type and severity of the initial injury. It remains controversial whether both procedures influence the neurological outcome differently. Thus, estimating the risk of brain herniation and death and consequently potential organ donation remains difficult. All patients at the University Hospital Münster for whom an isolated craniotomy or decompressive craniectomy was performed as a treatment after severe brain injury between 2013 and 2022 were retrospectively included. Proportion of survivors and deceased were evaluated. Deceased were further analyzed regarding anticoagulants, comorbidities, type of brain injury, potential and utilized donation after brain death. 595 patients were identified, 296 patients survived, and 299 deceased. Proportion of decompressive craniectomy was higher than craniotomy in survivors (89% vs. 11%, p < 0.001). Brain death was diagnosed in 12 deceased and 10 donations were utilized. Utilized donations were comparable after both procedures (5% vs. 2%, p = 0.194). Preserved brain stem reflexes as a reason against donation did not differ between decompressive craniectomy or craniotomy (32% vs. 29%, p = 0.470). Patients with severe brain injury were more likely to survive after decompressive craniectomy than craniotomy. Among the deceased, potential and utilized donations did not differ between both procedures. This suggests that brain death can occur independent of the previous neurosurgical procedure and that organ donation should always be considered in end-of-life decisions for patients with a fatal prognosis.