anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Provided is an isolated mammalian negative strand RNA virus, metapneumovirus (MPV), within the sub-family Pneumoviridae, of the family Paramyxoviridae. Also provided are isolated mammalian negative strand RNA viruses identifiable as phylogenetically corresponding or relating to the genus Metapneumovirus and components thereof. In particular, provided is a mammalian MPV, subgroups and variants thereof. Also provided are genomic nucleotide sequences of different isolates of mammalian MPV, in particular, human MPV. Disclosed is the use of the sequence information of different isolates of mammalian MPV for diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Provided are nucleotide sequences encoding the genome of an MPV or a portion thereof, including both mammalian and avian MPV. Further described are chimeric or recombinant viruses encoded by the nucleotide sequences and chimeric and recombinant mammalian MPV that comprise one or more non-native or heterologous sequences. Also provided are vaccine formulations comprising mammalian or avian MPV, including recombinant and chimeric forms thereof. The vaccine preparations encompass multivalent vaccines, including bivalent and trivalent vaccine preparations.
The cardiovascular system provides blood supply throughout the body and as such is perpetually applying mechanical forces to cells and tissues. Thus, this system is primed with mechanosensory structures that respond and adapt to changes in mechanical stimuli. Since their discovery in 2010, PIEZO ion channels have dominated the field of mechanobiology. These have been proposed as the long-sought-after mechanosensitive excitatory channels involved in touch and proprioception in mammals. However, more and more pieces of evidence point to the importance of PIEZO channels in cardiovascular activities and disease development. PIEZO channel-related cardiac functions include transducing hemodynamic forces in endothelial and vascular cells, red blood cell homeostasis, platelet aggregation, and arterial blood pressure regulation, among others. PIEZO channels contribute to pathological conditions including cardiac hypertrophy and pulmonary hypertension and congenital syndromes such as generalized lymphatic dysplasia and xerocytosis. In this review, we highlight recent advances in understanding the role of PIEZO channels in cardiovascular functions and diseases. Achievements in this quickly expanding field should open a new road for efficient control of PIEZO-related diseases in cardiovascular functions.
Risk Summary

There are no available data on ACZONE Gel, 7.5%, use in pregnant women to inform a drug-associated risk for adverse developmental outcomes. The systemic absorption of ACZONE in humans following topical application is low relative to oral dapsone administration [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. In animal reproduction studies, oral doses of dapsone administered to pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis that resulted in systemic exposures more than 400 times the systemic exposure at the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of ACZONE Gel, 7.5%, resulted in embryocidal effects. When orally administered to rats from the onset of organogenesis through the end of lactation at systemic exposures approximately 500 times the exposure at the MRHD, dapsone resulted in increased stillbirths and decreased pup weight [see Data]. 

The estimated background risks of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population are unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively.

Data

Animal Data

Dapsone has been shown to have an embryocidal effect in rats and rabbits when administered orally daily to females during organogenesis at dosages of 75 mg/kg/day and 150 mg/kg/day, respectively. These dosages resulted in systemic exposures that represented approximately 1407 times [rats] and 425 times [rabbits] the systemic exposure observed in human females as a result of use of the MRHD of ACZONE Gel, 7.5%, based on AUC comparisons. These effects were probably secondary to maternal toxicity. 

Dapsone was assessed for effects on perinatal/postnatal pup development and postnatal maternal behavior and function in a study in which dapsone was orally administered to female rats daily beginning on the seventh day of gestation and continuing until the twenty-seventh day postpartum. Maternal toxicity (decreased body weight and food consumption) and developmental effects (increase in stillborn pups and decreased pup weight) were seen at a dapsone dose of 30 mg/kg/day (approximately 563 times the systemic exposure that is associated with the MRHD of ACZONE Gel, 7.5%, based on AUC comparisons). No effects were observed on the viability, physical development, behavior, learning ability, or reproductive function of surviving pups.
Liver cancer, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a major global health challenge, largely associated with cirrhosis caused by various factors. Prognosis is often guided by molecular and histological classifications. In this study, expression of Polyribonucleotide Phosphorylase (PNPT1) in HCC was investigated to better understand its role in tumor behavior and patient outcomes. The expression of the corresponding protein PNPase was assessed in HCC tissue samples using immunohistochemistry, while RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed via OncoDB. Additionally, PNPT1 silencing in HepG2 cells was followed by gene and protein expression analysis. The results revealed that PNPT1 is overexpressed in HCC tumors, particularly in those expressing E-cadherin. Notably, silencing PNPT1 in HepG2 cells triggered a shift towards a mesenchymal phenotype. In HCC tissues, PNPT1 expression was linked to markers of epithelial phenotype, oxidative stress, and poor prognosis, especially in non-viral HCC cases. These findings suggest that PNPase may play a crucial role in the progression of well-differentiated HCC tumors, serving as a poor prognostic biomarker.
STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational qualitative study.
OBJECTIVE: Cannabis is used by patients for the treatment of chronic pain, spasticity, sleep issues or mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. Since 2018, it has been authorised in the United Kingdom for medical use as an unlicensed medicine. This study aims to determine if patients are using cannabis for the management of symptoms related to spinal cord injury, and if so, whether they are using medical or illicit cannabis.
METHODS: Spinal cord injury patients from the Yorkshire Regional Spinal Injuries Centre and SPINE Community in the United Kingdom were surveyed. Participants were sent a 7-point electronic survey. All results were anonymous, and confidentiality was maintained throughout the process.
RESULTS: In total, 223 patients completed the survey. Not all patients answered every question. Of those who responded 65.35% (n = 132) were paraplegic and 34.65% (n = 70) were tetraplegic. Patients were suffering from chronic pain (longer than 3 months), spasticity, loss of/difficulty in sleeping or anxiety/depression. Almost 15% (14.93%, n = 33 out of 221) used cannabis to manage their symptoms, out of those the majority used street cannabis (79.41%, n = 27 out of 34) were using street cannabis.
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that there are spinal cord injury patients in the UK using cannabis to treat their symptoms. A majority appear to be using illicit cannabis. Given that cannabis can interact with other medications, and that the quality and content of illicit cannabis can be highly variable and at times dangerous, it is important for physicians to discuss cannabis use with their patients. This can inform prescribing and allow them to educate patients on the dangers of medical cannabis and potential alternatives.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solid soap having high adsorption power, skin whitening effect, ultra-red ray effect and antiseptic effect.  <P>SOLUTION: (1) To a base material of a soap suitable for cleansing skin of a face, body, etc. and additives such as an extract, a fine powder having about 200 mesh of an activated carbon of plant origin is added to form a half portion 2 of the soap. (2) To a base material of a soap suitable for cleansing hair and additives such as an extract, a fine powder having 300 mesh of an activated carbon of plant origin is added to form a half portion 3 of the soap. (3) Either one of 2 or 3 is put in a mold frame at first, and after hardening, the other one is added to be formed. (4) The soap shape is changed at the center of a surface 3 by forming such as a concave shape 1 so that it can be distinguished by touching.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
The invention relates to a special medicine and food homologous substituted tea for sub-health physique, which comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps of medicinal and edible traditional Chinese medicinal materials, cleaning, drying and sterilizing, crushing (60 meshes), soaking in purified water, squeezing to extract the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicines, concentrating, drying and sterilizing, crushing (80 meshes), small bag packaging (6 g/small bag), large box packaging (30 small bags/large boxes), checking and registering, and warehousing for standby. The present invention features that no chemical reagent is added during extracting effective components of Chinese medicine, and this makes the Chinese medicine possess no influence and no environmental pollution. The substitute tea can be prepared from the following components: cistanche, astragalus, dried ginger, liquorice and medlar. Or rhizoma Polygonati, mori fructus, herba Dendrobii, bulbus Lilii, and rhizoma Dioscoreae. Or fructus Citri Sarcodactylis, fructus Citri, pericarpium Citri Reticulatae viride, flos Rosae Rugosae, and flos Chrysanthemi. Or radix astragali, semen Cassiae, fructus crataegi, poria, and fructus Amomi. Or herba Agastaches, fructus Gardeniae, folium Bambusae, prunellae Spica, and fructus crataegi.
INTRODUCTION: To explore the diagnostic value of high-resolution ultrasound combined with multi-slice computer tomography (MSCT) for pediatric intra-abdominal hernias (IAHs), and to analyze the potential causes for missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis of IAHs in children.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 45 children with surgically confirmed IAHs. The diagnostic rate of IAHs by preoperative high-resolution ultrasound combined with MSCT was compared with that of intraoperative examination, and the potential causes for missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis by the combination method were analyzed.
RESULTS: Forty-five cases of pediatric IAHs were categorized into primary (25/45, 55.5%) and acquired secondary hernias (20/45, 44.5%). Among children with primary hernias, mesenteric defects were identified as the predominant subtype (40%). Acquired secondary hernias typically resulted from abnormal openings in the abdominal wall or band adhesions due to trauma, surgery, or inflammation. In particular, adhesive band hernias were the major type in children with acquired secondary hernias (40%). The diagnostic rate of high-resolution ultrasound was 77.8%, with "cross sign" as a characteristic ultrasonic feature. Among 10 cases of missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis, 5 were finally diagnosed as IAHs by multi-slice computer tomography (MSCT). Overall, the diagnostic rate of pediatric IAHs by preoperative ultrasound combined with radiological imaging reached 88.9%.
DISCUSSION: IAHs in children, particularly mesenteric defects, are prone to strangulated intestinal obstruction and necrosis. High-resolution ultrasound combined with MSCT greatly enhances the diagnostic accuracy of pediatric IAHs.
Standard HighFlow therapy after weaning from continuous positive airway pressure therapy will be applied on different flow levels. Starting with a flow level of 8l/min, the flow-rates will be changed every 30 minutes subsequently from 8-6-4-2-4-6-8 l/min. Meanwhile, data lung volume changes will be measured using electrical impedance tomography.
Participants receive the digital pills with Truvada, plus the PrEPsteps intervention that is programmed at the randomization study visit (Study Visit 2). Participants will use PrEPsteps and the digital pill to measure Truvada adherence for months 1-3.
We retrospectively analysed 260 patients undergoing major abdominal surgery between January 2017 and December 2019. Patients were prospectively screened and assessed for malnutrition with Nutritional Risk Score (NRS) and Subjective Global assessment (SGA). Body composition was analysed with CT scan and BIA within 30 days before surgery. GLIM criteria were retrospectively determined referring to the Fat free Mass from BIA (FFMBIA) and Muscle Mass from axial CT scan at lumbar level 3 (MMCT). The prevalence of GLIM - malnutrition according to BIA and CT was evaluated. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine association between malnutrition and outcome parameters. ROC-curves specified sensitivity and specificity of the different tools and areas under the curve were calculated.
Rice (Oryza sativa) is a staple food crop with a rich history and significant contributions to global nutrition. This study examines the production of rice and rice bran, focusing on their nutritional profiles, bioactive compounds, and the lack of proper guidelines for aflatoxins and arsenic in rice products. Rice bran's potential as a dietary supplement, particularly in addressing nutrient deficiencies and diseases, is highlighted. Arsenic contamination, a critical food safety issue, is discussed, as their accumulation poses significant risks, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and developmental problems. This overview addresses aflatoxin and arsenic contamination, threatening rice's safety and by-products. The structure and characteristics of rice bran, including types of grain polishing, stabilization processes, and toxic elements, are also analyzed. Factors affecting the bioavailability of nutrients, such as pesticide residues and storage conditions, are considered. The review emphasizes the antioxidant properties of rice milling by-products, particularly pigmented rice varieties rich in bioactive compounds. It offers health benefits such as cancer prevention, anti-diarrheal effects, and anti-diabetic properties. This comprehensive analysis underscores rice bran's nutritional and therapeutic value, advocating for its broader utilization to enhance global health and combat nutrient deficiencies.
Although open-heart surgery is widely used throughout the world, from 1 to 4% of patients experience neurological impairment such as impairment of memory, language and motor skills after surgery. The cause for such cognitive impairment is thought to be air microemboli (very small bubbles of air) being introduced into the blood circulation of the brain from the heart. These air microemboli are introduced from the surgical field and/or from the heart-lung machine. During open-heart surgery, a patient's blood circulation is supported by a heart-lung machine (cardiopulmonary bypass) while the surgeon is replacing or repairing a valve or performing coronary artery bypass surgery. During valve surgery, chambers of the heart are open to room air, causing an introduction of air into the heart. Despite careful de-airing (removal of air) procedures during open-heart surgery, studies revealed that air microemboli are still formed. Past research studies have shown that carbon dioxide (CO2) filling the chest cavity by means of gravity and replacing the room air may help to decrease the amount of microemboli reaching the brain.

CO2 is 50% heavier than room air. Unlike room air, CO2 dissolves more quickly in blood and tissue (\> 25 times more soluble in blood and tissue than air) whereas air contains nitrogen, which does not dissolve easily in the blood. In either case, the emboli made of air or CO2 can block the arteries of the brain causing cognitive impairment. Due to the properties of air and CO2, CO2 emboli may be tolerated much better than air emboli.

This is a single-centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, randomizing 100 patients undergoing elective mitral valve repair +/- coronary artery bypass grafting. Patients will be divided into 2 groups: (n=100), 50 patients will be receiving carbon dioxide insufflated and 50 patients will not. The number of microemboli will be ascertained by an intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography and transcranial doppler. Three to seven days after surgery, a magnetic resonance imaging of the brain will be done to assess for any cerebral ischemic lesions. Plus, a battery of neuropsychologic tests will be done preoperatively and 2 months postoperatively.
Therefore, alternative vascular access is needed to meet the needs of patients. The mini midline catheter is a novel vascular access in recent years that is smaller in diameter, less invasive, and provides a lower complication rate during continuous IV administration. In addition, mini midline catheters can be left in place for 1-4 weeks, reducing the number of catheterizations. Mini-midline catheter placement sites include the forearm, anterior elbow fossa, or upper arm, and generally do not exceed the middle of the upper arm.20 The 2021 edition of the Infusion Therapy Standards of Practice (the "Standards") states that cephalic, vital, and median veins should be considered for placement of catheters, and that The standard indicates that the placement should be in the forearm, not exceeding the elbow socket, but the description is vague, and the level of evidence is Grade III. In addition to this, the domestic industry standards, the Technical Operation Code for Intravenous Therapy Nursing and related intravenous therapy guidelines do not provide clear standards and specifications for the use of mini-median catheters, and the selection of the optimal site is crucial to reducing complications.

Overseas studies have applied mini midline catheters to cardiac surgery and ICU patients, with the catheter placed in the upper arm, and the incidence of each complication is lower. In a study of mini midline catheter placement in children, the duration of retention was greater in the upper arm than in the forearm. Although several studies have reported differences in incidence and catheter retention time between the forearm and upper arm for mini midline catheters, few studies have directly compared the outcome of catheter placement in the upper arm or forearm, and there is very little direct experimental data on the relative advantages of the forearm versus the upper arm. Therefore, this study applies the mini midline catheter to patients and observes the application effect of different catheterization sites, aiming to provide a reference basis for patients to choose the optimal catheterization site, so as to reduce the occurrence of complications, prolong the catheter retention time, and alleviate the patient's pain.
Participants will receive 6, 5-minute treatment sessions over 2-weeks. Each session will consist of 2, 2-minute bouts of plantar massage bouts with 1-minute between sets. The massage will be a combination of petrissage and effleurage to the entire plantar surface.
In this study the investigators will compare the effects of vaginal progesterone, intramuscular applied progesterone and topical progesterone on uterine electromyographic activity (EMG)in patients in preterm labor. Electrodes will be placed on the abdominal surface of pregnant patients in preterm labor and the EMG activity recorded for 30 minutes before and following treatments for up to 48 hours. In addition data on delivery times will be recorded when patients delivery vaginally or by Cesarian section. Eligibility criteria: Healthy patients without infection or rupture of membranes with gestational ages between 24 to 34 weeks. Outcome measures: Comparisons of uterine EMG activity (EMG amplitude, frequency, and specific information on EMG bursts) from measurements before treatment to following treatments with progesterone preparations at various times (at 2,4,8, 12,24 and to 48 hours following treatment) and delivery times of patients on various treatments (hours or days following treatments, average delivery times in patients treated by various formulations). Comparisons of mean values in uterine EMG activity (EMG amplitude, burst frequency and frequency of signals in a burst, power spectrum analysis of the bursts and peak power density spectrum of bursts) from before treatment to following treatments at 2 to 24 hours will be compared. Also the time of delivery following treatments will be obtained and the average time of delivery following the various treatments compared.
Online Adaptive Radiotherapy (ART) is an evolution of image-guided radiotherapy that compresses the entire process of image acquisition, plan design, verification, and radiation delivery into approximately 10-30 minutes during which patients do not need to leave the treatment bed. Online ART features rapid image acquisition, automatic contouring and plan optimization supported by artificial intelligence. Body position deviation, breast soft tissue deformation, and organ movement in different treatment fractions can affect the accuracy of radiotherapy for breast cancer patients. Online adaptive radiotherapy is expected to have dosimetric advantages in terms of target coverage and organ-at-risk (OAR) dose reduction, thereby reducing treatment-related side effects while ensuring local tumor control.

Moderate hypofractionation (40-43.5Gy/15-16f/3w) has been shown to achieve equivalent local tumor control and patient survival compared to traditional fractionationated regimens (50Gy/25f/5w), and may even reduce acute and late toxicities. Currently, moderate hypofractionationated radiotherapy has been a first-line recommendation for whole breast irradiation following breast cancer surgery. In addition, the FAST-Forward trial evaluated a shorter regimen, the ultrafractionated whole breast radiotherapy (26Gy/5f/1w) and found that local tumor control and normal tissue toxicity were comparable to the moderate hypofractionationated regimen. The Royal College of Radiologists (RCR) has endorsed 5-fraction ultrafractionationated radiotherapy as a standard option for postoperative breast cancer radiation treatment in 2020.
The effectiveness of galantamine as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease is demonstrated by the results of 5 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical investigations in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease, 4 with the immediate-release tablet and 1 with the extended-release capsule [diagnosed by NINCDS-ADRDA criteria, with Mini-Mental State Examination scores that were ≥10 and ≤24]. Doses studied with the tablet formulation were 8–32 mg/day given as twice daily doses. In 3 of the 4 studies with the tablet, patients were started on a low dose of 8 mg, then titrated weekly by 8 mg/day to 24 or 32 mg as assigned. In the fourth study (USA 4-week Dose Escalation Fixed-Dose Study) dose escalation of 8 mg/day occurred over 4-week intervals. The mean age of patients participating in these 4 galantamine trials was 75 years with a range of 41 to 100. Approximately 62% of patients were women and 38% were men. The racial distribution was White 94%, Black 3% and other races 3%. Two other studies examined a three times daily dosing regimen; these also showed or suggested benefit but did not suggest an advantage over twice daily dosing.