anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an autoimmune disease affecting large vessels in patients over 50 years old. It is an exemplary model of a classic inflammatory disorder with IL-6 playing the leading role. The main comorbidities that may appear acutely or chronically are vascular occlusion leading to blindness and thoracic aorta aneurysm formation, respectively. The tissue inflammatory bulk is expressed as acute or chronic delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, the latter being apparent by giant cell formation. The activated monocytes/macrophages are associated with pronounced Th1 and Th17 responses. B-cells and neutrophils also participate in the inflammatory lesion. However, the exact order of appearance and mechanistic interactions between cells are hindered by the lack of cellular and molecular information from early disease stages and accurate experimental models. Recently, senescent cells and neutrophil extracellular traps have been described in tissue lesions. These structures can remain in tissues for a prolonged period, potentially favoring inflammatory responses and tissue remodeling. In this review, current advances in GCA pathogenesis are discussed in different inflammatory phases. Through the description of these-often overlapping-phases, cells, molecules, and small lipid mediators with pathogenetic potential are described.
The invention relates to a method of photoeradication of cells at a tissue site, such as an infection or sterilization site or cancer cell activity site, including applying a solution such as methylene blue, toluidene blue, polymyxin B, SDS, or other surfactants and combinations thereof to the tissue site and exposing the tissue site with a light having a light wavelength and light dosage and a light dosage rate. The solution may have a concentration of methylene blue between 5 μg/ml to about 100 μg/ml. The wavelength may range from about 610 nm to about 670 nm. The light dosage may range from about 0 J/cm 2  to about 200 J/cm 2 . The light dosage rate may range from about 0 mw/cm 2  to about 150 mw/cm 2 . Treatable organisms include  candida albicans, escherechia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae , and  clostridia.
Administer DA-9701 for 1week and assess the study outcomes. After 1 week of washout period, administer placebo for 1week and assess the outcomes again.
ISPU personnel will continue with care provided under the Joint Commission-certified CSC/PSC design, including a 30-day clinic visit post-discharge. This will be supplemented by a more integrated model designed to increase coordination through team-based initiatives across the continuum of care for stroke - from acute and in-hospital care through 12 months post-discharge. Care teams will follow patients in their home or rehabilitation/skilled nursing facility monthly for 12 visits to assess recovery, manage risk factors, increase understanding, and build positive behavior change for patients and caregivers. Primary outcomes will be assessed by phone at 3, 6, and 12 months; secondary outcomes will be assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months.
Participants will receive azacitidine 75 milligram per meter square (mg/m\^2) subcutaneously (SC) or intravenously (IV) on Day 1 through Day 7 and cusatuzumab 10 milligram per kilogram (mg/kg) IV on Day 3 and Day 17 of each 28-day cycle in Part 1. Part 1 findings will be reviewed by a data review committee.
Overdosage with valproate may result in somnolence, heart block, deep coma, and hypernatremia. Fatalities have been reported; however, patients have recovered from valproate levels as high as 2120 mcg/mL.

In overdose situations, the fraction of drug not bound to protein is high and hemodialysis or tandem hemodialysis plus hemoperfusion may result in significant removal of drug. The benefit of gastric lavage or emesis will vary with the time since ingestion. General supportive measures should be applied with particular attention to the maintenance of adequate urinary output.

Naloxone has been reported to reverse the CNS depressant effects of valproate overdosage. Because naloxone could theoretically also reverse the antiepileptic effects of valproate, it should be used with caution in patients with epilepsy.
The ageing process is associated with alterations of systemic trace element (TE) homeostasis increasing the risk, e.g. neurodegenerative diseases. Here, the impact of long-term modulation of dietary intake of copper, iron, selenium, and zinc was investigated in murine cerebellum. Four- and 40-wk-old mice of both sexes were supplied with different amounts of those TEs for 26 wk. In an adequate supply group, TE concentrations were in accordance with recommendations for laboratory mice while suboptimally supplied animals received only limited amounts of copper, iron, selenium, and zinc. An additional age-adjusted group was fed selenium and zinc in amounts exceeding recommendations. Cerebellar TE concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma-tandem mass spectrometry. Furthermore, the expression of genes involved in TE transport, DNA damage response, and DNA repair as well as selected markers of genomic stability [8-oxoguanine, incision efficiency toward 8-oxoguanine, 5-hydroxyuracil, and apurinic/apyrimidinic sites and global DNA (hydroxy)methylation] were analysed. Ageing resulted in a mild increase of iron and copper concentrations in the cerebellum, which was most pronounced in the suboptimally supplied groups. Thus, TE changes in the cerebellum were predominantly driven by age and less by nutritional intervention. Interestingly, deviation from adequate TE supply resulted in higher manganese concentrations of female mice even though the manganese supply itself was not modulated. Parameters of genomic stability were neither affected by age, sex, nor diet. Overall, this study revealed that suboptimal dietary TE supply does not substantially affect TE homeostasis in the murine cerebellum.
FIELD: biology, virology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to new forms and configuration of intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM) involving multimeric configurations. They can bind with human rhinovirus and decrease infectivity of HRV efficiently. These proteins, preferably as dimers in multimeric configuration show the enhanced HRV. These multimerized proteins can be used for inhibition of interaction of tICAM with antigen-1 (LFA-1) associated with lymphocyte function. EFFECT: improved method of preparing.
The intervention arm is a mesh inguinal hernia repair performed by a non-surgeon physician (NSP). These are medical officers who have finished a 2-year mandatory house job. The medical officers will be trained to perform inguinal hernia repair by a certified surgical trainer in Ghana.
This is a randomised, non-blinded, two-period crossover, non-inferiority study. Stethee®, a new wireless digital stethoscope, is designed to minimise ambient noise associated with electronic stethoscopes. To date, its acoustic capability in comparison to the conventional stethoscope in the auscultation of heart sounds is not known. Therefore, it is important that Stethee®'s capability as a stethoscope with sound amplification be evaluated alongside the conventional stethoscope prior to its use in the clinical setting. As acoustic performance is the primary endpoint, a non-inferiority design is proposed to enable the comparison of the mutual functionalities of the two stethoscopes. The rationale for a non-inferiority design is that: (a) electronic stethoscopes have shown a marginal benefit over conventional stethoscopes in terms of acoustic performance; (b) electronic stethoscopes have several functional advantages over conventional stethoscopes: the ability to analyse heart sounds and record heart sounds, the availability of a database for storage of heart sounds for remote analysis; and (c) electronic stethoscopes were rated better than conventional stethoscopes in terms of the overall quality of auscultation.

The relative capability of Stethee® is compared to that of 3M™ Littmann® Classic III™ by the identification of heart sounds simulated by a manikin, which functions as a surrogate patient. A random sample of non-specialist doctors stratified by health centres in Perak, Malaysia, who meet eligibility criteria and provide written consent to participate, will be randomised to initial testing with Stethee® or 3M™ Littmann® Classic III™ to perform cardiac auscultation on a manikin and identify a set of 10 heart sounds. After a 10-minute break, they will repeat the auscultation of the same 10 simulated heart sounds but played in a different sequence with the alternate stethoscope. Following the completion of both tests, the doctors will be asked to complete a questionnaire that asks about their preference for either Stethee® or 3M™ Littmann® Classic III™ with respect to ease of use, audio clarity, and diagnostic accuracy. At the end of the study, answer sheets and preference questionnaires will be collected for grading and analysis.
Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted viral agent in the world and the most common cause of cervical cancer. HPV prevalence and genotype distribution vary by region and demographic data. In a province in the south of Turkey that constantly receives immigration, we aimed to determine the prevalence of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) genotypes, evaluate the compatibility between cervical Pap smear cytology results patients and HR-HPVs, and make an up-to-date contribution to the elucidation of epidemiological data. In this single-centre study, a total of 12,641 women aged 18 and over were evaluated retrospectively from January 2019 to July 2022. HPV detection and genotyping were analysed by the PCR method. Bethesda scoring was used for Pap smear cytological evaluation. The overall prevalence of HR-HPV was 12.6% (12.7% in Turkish women, 11.2% in foreign women). Among the typed HPVs that were detected, HPV-16 (31%) was found first, followed by HPV-18 (8%). The prevalence of HR-HPV was higher in women with abnormal cytology (977/1762, 55.4%) than in women with normal cytology (620/10879, 5.7%) (p<0.001). Turkey doesn't yet have a national HPV immunisation program. We think that determining the specific regional frequency of other HR-HPVs separately will be useful in the follow-up of the natural course of the type-specific infection and in vaccine studies in the future.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for preparing a recombination influenza vaccine using a DNA technique.  <P>SOLUTION: A vaccine to be obtained is an influenza vaccine based on a mixture of a recombination hemagglutinin antibody cloned from an influenza virus which is polyvalent, preferably trivalent and possibly has an infectious disorder. The recombination hemagglutinin antibody is not decomposed in the whole length (HA0), created from a baculovirus expression vector in a cultivated insect cell and purified under a non-modification condition. In a preferred embodiment, a cloned HA gene is subsequently deleted with a natural hydrophobic signal peptide arrangement and modified by substituting it with a new baculovirus chitinase signal peptide. A general method for sufficiently extracting and purifying a recombination HA protein created in the insect cell is also provided to purify an rHA protein from a subtype A and a type B influenza viruses.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
The invention provides a method of preventing, delaying, or reversing the progression of Alzheimer's disease by administering an A.beta.42 lowering agent to a mammal under conditions in which levels of A.beta.42 are selectively reduced, levels of A.beta.38 are increased, and levels of A.beta.40 are unchanged. The invention provides methods and materials for developing and identifying A.beta.42 lowering agents. In addition, the invention provides methods for identifying agents that increase the risk of developing, or hasten progression of, Alzheimer's disease. The invention als o provides compositions of A.beta.42 lowering agents and antioxidants, A.beta. 42 lowering agents and non-selective secretase inhibitors, as well as A.beta.42  lowering agents and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. The invention also provides kits containing A.beta.42 lowering agents, antioxidants, non- selective secretase inhibitors, and/or acetylcholinesterase inhibitors as we ll as instructions related to dose regimens for A.beta.42 lowering agents, antioxidants, non-selective secretase inhibitors, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
MAO in the gastrointestinal tract and liver (primarily type A) provides protection from exogenous amines (e.g., tyramine) that have the capacity, if absorbed intact, to cause a tyramine reaction with hypertension including clinical syndromes referred to as hypertensive urgency, crisis, or emergency. Foods and medications containing large amounts of exogenous amines (e.g., from fermented cheese, herring, over-the-counter cough/cold medications) may cause release of norepinephrine resulting in a rise in systemic blood pressure. 

Results of a special tyramine challenge study indicate that rasagiline is selective for MAO-B at recommended doses and can be used without dietary tyramine restriction. However, certain foods may contain very high amounts (i.e., 150 mg or greater) of tyramine and could potentially cause a hypertensive reaction in individual patients taking AZILECT due to increased sensitivity to tyramine. Selectivity for inhibiting MAO-B diminishes in a dose-related manner as the dose is progressively increased above the recommended daily doses.

There were no cases of hypertensive crisis in the clinical development program associated with 1 mg daily AZILECT treatment, in which most patients did not follow dietary tyramine restriction.

There have been postmarketing reports of patients who experienced significantly elevated blood pressure (including rare cases of hypertensive crisis) after ingestion of unknown amounts of tyramine-rich foods while taking recommended doses of AZILECT. Patients should be advised to avoid foods containing a very large amount of tyramine while taking recommended doses of AZILECT [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
A single dose of diclofenac (25 mg capsule) will be administered by mouth to 5 participants (minimum 2 females) genotyped as extensive metabolizers (Arm 1A) and 5 participants (minimum 2 females) genotyped as poor metabolizers (Arm 1B). Plasma and urine will be collected from 0-12 hours. A washout of at least 3 days will elapse between Arm 1 and Arm 2.
FIELD: medicine, oncology, phytotherapy. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes an antimetastatic agent comprising extract from the above-ground part (herb) of Baikal aconite (Aconitum baikalense Steinb.), in part, a liquid extract from the dried milled above-ground part (herb) of Baikal aconite with 40% ethyl alcohol in the ratio of vegetable raw to extractant = 1:50 and a liquid extract from the dried and milled above-ground part (herb) of Baikal aconite with 30% ethyl alcohol in the ratio of vegetable raw to extractant = 1: 20 and a liquid extract from the dried milled above-ground part (herb) of Baikal aconite with 40% ethyl alcohol in the ratio of vegetable raw to extractant = 1:1 and a dry extract from the dried and milled above- ground part (herb) of Baikal aconite with 40% ethyl alcohol in the ratio of vegetable raw to extractant = 1:1. Invention proposes also an agent comprising the dried extract of total alkaloids isolated from the dried and milled above-ground part (herb) of Baikal aconite. Proposed agents show the sufficiently strong an antimetastatic effect and can be used for treatment of patients with metastasing tumors. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of agent, valuable antitumor effect. 7 cl, 3 tbl
Infants in the experimental arm will have two doses of the probiotic Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis (B. infantis) on Day 7 and Day 14 of life.
The mechanism and predictive biomarkers of sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) transformation into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are still unclear. We investigated the genetic mutations involved and the predictive biomarkers. Fourteen patients with SCC arising from IP and six patients with IPs without malignant transformation (sIP) were included. DNA was extracted separately from areas of normal tissue, IP, dysplasia, and SCC. Whole exome sequencing and immunohistochemistry was performed. Major oncogenic mutations were observed in the progression from IP to SCC. The most frequently mutated genes were TP53 (39%) and CDKN2A (27%). Mutations in TP53 and/or CDKN2A were observed in three of six IPs with malignant transformation (cIP); none were observed in sIPs. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) increased from IP to SCC (0.64/Mb, 1.11/Mb, and 1.25 for IP, dysplasia, and SCC, respectively). TMB was higher in the cIPs than in the sIPs (0.64/Mb vs 0.3/Mb). Three cIPs showed a diffuse strong or null pattern in p53, and one showed a total loss of p16, a distinct pattern from sIPs. Our result suggests that TP53 and CDKN2A status can be predictive markers of malignant transformation of IP. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry of p53 and p16 expression can be surrogate markers for TP53 and CDKN2A status.
BACKGROUND: Renal fibrosis is considered an irreversible pathological process and the ultimate common pathway for the development of all types of chronic kidney diseases and renal failure. Diosmin is a natural flavonoid glycoside that has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic activities. However, whether Diosmin protects kidneys by inhibiting renal fibrosis is unknown. We aimed to investigate the role of Diosmin in renal interstitial fibrosis and to explore the underlying mechanisms.
METHODS: The UUO mouse model was established and gavaged with Diosmin (50 mg/kg·d and 100 mg/kg·d) for 14 days. HE staining, Masson staining, immunohistochemistry, western blotting and PCR were used to assess renal tissue injury and fibrosis. Elisa kits were used to detect the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and the activity of SIRT3 in renal tissues. In addition, enrichment maps of RNA sequencing analyzed changes in signaling pathways. In vitro, human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were stimulated with TGF-β1 and then treated with diosmin (75 μM). The protein and mRNA expression levels of SIRT3 were detected in the cells. In addition, 3-TYP (selective inhibitor of SIRT3) and SIRT3 small interfering RNA (siRNA) were used to reduce SIRT3 levels in HK-2.
RESULTS: Diosmin attenuated UUO-induced renal fibrosis and TGF-β1-induced HK-2 fibrosis. In addition, Diosmin reduced IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in kidney tissues and supernatants of HK-2 medium. Interestingly, Diosmin administration increased the enzymatic activity of SIRT3 in UUO kidneys. In addition, Diosmin significantly increased mRNA and protein expression of SIRT3 in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of SIRT3 expression using 3-TYP or SIRT3 siRNA abolished the anti-inflammatory effects of diosmin in HK-2 cells. Enrichment map analysis by RNA sequencing indicates that the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway was inhibited in the Diosmin intervention group. Furthermore, we found that TGF-β1 increased the nuclear expression of nuclear NF-κB p65 but had little significant effect on the total intracellular expression of NF-κB p65. Additionally, Diosmin reduced TGF-β1-caused NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Knockdown of SIRT3 expression by SIRT3 siRNA increased the nuclear expression of NF-κB p65 and abolished the inhibition effect of Diosmin in NF-κB p65 expression.
CONCLUSIONS: Diosmin reduces renal inflammation and fibrosis, which is contributed by inhibiting nuclear translocation of NF-κB P65 through activating SIRT3.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a consultation supporting system, a display method therefor and a recording medium recording program therefor having both the satisfactory characteristics of computerization and the satisfactory characteristics of paper descriptions in the information on consultation activities. SOLUTION: In this consultation supporting system, there are respective manipulating methods of manipulations A-G or the like on a display screen as a function for easily operating respective data on a sheet 11. The manipulation A is a function for facilitating the reference of a large quantity of data. The manipulations B and C are functions for facilitating copying or moving. The manipulation D is a ruling function for facilitating measurement. The manipulation E is a function for easy division into segments only by describing horizontal lateral lines. The manipulation F is a function for changing the display angle of displayed image data. The manipulation G is a function for referring to respective data classified for each sheet label.  Thus, since even an operator, who is not almost trained, can intuitively operate functions newly added to the pen tablet of input/output integrated type, in consultation activities, the burden of complicated entry interrupting thinking or disturbing a diagnosis can be reduced.
BACKGROUND: Soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) and schistosomiasis (SCH) are among the most prevalent neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), affecting 1.5 billion globally, with a significant burden in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Nigeria. These diseases impair health and contribute to socio-economic challenges, especially in children, undermining educational and future economic prospects. The 2030 NTD Roadmap highlights Mass Drug Administration (MDA) as a critical strategy for controlling these NTDs, targeting vulnerable populations like school-age children. Despite some successes, challenges persist, indicating the need for deeper insights into program implementation. This study focuses on the perspectives of health workers implementing MDA in selected local government areas (LGAs) of Ogun State, Nigeria, aiming to identify challenges and enablers that align with the broader NTD 2030 goals.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The study used a qualitative research approach involving focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with health workers engaged in neglected tropical disease control programs in Ogun State, Nigeria, between July and September 2022. A semi-structured questionnaire guided the exploration of ideas, and the data were analyzed using the QRS Nvivo 12 software package. The study found that the school-based MDA control program's efficacy largely relies on strong collaborations and partnerships, particularly with educators, community heads, and other stakeholders. These alliances and strategic communication methods, like town announcements and media campaigns, have been pivotal in reaching communities. However, the program does grapple with hurdles such as parental misconceptions, limited funds, insufficient staffing, and misalignment with the Ministry of Education. It is recommended to boost funding, foster early stakeholder involvement, enhance mobilization techniques, and consider introducing a monitoring card system similar to immunization.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The MDA Integrated Control Programs for STH and SCH in Ogun State schools demonstrate a holistic approach, integrating knowledge, collaboration, communication, and feedback. Health workers have shown commitment and adeptness in their roles. However, achieving maximum efficacy requires addressing critical barriers, such as parental misconceptions and funding challenges. Adopting the recommended strategies, including proactive communication, increased remuneration, and introducing a tracking system, can significantly enhance the program's reach and impact. The involvement of all stakeholders, from health workers to community leaders and parents, is essential for the program's sustainability and success.