anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Epileptogenesis is the process whereby the previously normally functioning brain begins to generate spontaneous, unprovoked seizures. Status epilepticus (SE), which entails a massive release of neuronal glutamate and other neuroactive substances, is one of the best-known triggers of epileptogenesis. We here asked whether pharmacologically promoting glymphatic clearance during or after SE is beneficial and able to attenuate the subsequent epileptogenesis. We induced SE in adult male mice by intrahippocampal kainic acid (KA) infusion. Acute administration of a cocktail of adrenergic receptor antagonists (propranolol, prazosin, and atipamezole: PPA), enhanced glymphatic flow and effectively reduced the severity of spontaneous seizures in the chronic phase. The PPA treatment also reduced reactive gliosis and inhibited the loss of polarized expression of AQP4 water channels in the vascular endfeet of astrocytes. Administration of PPA after cessation of SE (30 hours post KA) also effectively suppressed epileptogenesis and improved outcome. Conversely, mice with constitutively low glymphatic transport due to genetic deletion of the aquaporin 4 (AQP4) water channel showed exacerbation of KA-induced epileptogenesis. We conclude that the pharmacological modulation of glymphatic fluid transport may represent a potential strategy to dampen epileptogenesis and the occurrence of spontaneous seizures following KA-induced SE.
The present disclosure relates to sunscreen compositions that are unique in simultaneously protecting skin from heat in while blocking UV radiation; and to heat- protective compositions that protect the skin and hair from extreme heat (external thermal flux). The sunscreen compositions typically include: laponite; one or more UV filters; one or more emulsifiers; and water. The sunscreen compositions are useful for protecting skin from UV damage caused by sun exposure and for preventing heat from reaching the skin. The heat-protective compositions include: laponite; one or more emulsifiers; and water. The heat-protective compositions are useful in cosmetic, industrial, and military technologies. For instance, the heat- protective compositions are useful in methods for protecting skin from intense external thermal flux (e.g., fires and explosives).
The hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus have been implicated as part of a tinnitus network by a number of studies. These structures are usually considered in the context of a "limbic system," a concept typically invoked to explain the emotional response to tinnitus. Despite this common framing, it is not apparent from current literature that this is necessarily the main functional role of these structures in persistent tinnitus. Here, we highlight a different role that encompasses their most commonly implicated functional position within the brain-that is, as a memory system. We consider tinnitus as an auditory object that is held in memory, which may be made persistent by associated activity from the hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus. Evidence from animal and human studies implicating these structures in tinnitus is reviewed and used as an anchor for this hypothesis. We highlight the potential for the hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus to facilitate maintenance of the memory of the tinnitus percept via communication with auditory cortex, rather than (or in addition to) mediating emotional responses to this percept.
PURPOSE:To obtain a perfume composition having a deeply mellow feeling, a profound feeling of maturation and richly functional characteristics, having no feeling of irritating smell of alcohol by blending perfume with a fragrance concentrate prepared by extracting an alcoholic liquor with a nonpolar organic solvent and then with a polar organic solvent at two stages. CONSTITUTION:1 pt.wt. alcoholic liquor having 5-60% alcohol concentration is extracted with 0.05-10 pts.wt. nonpolar organic solvent (preferably n-pentane or n-hexane) at 10-60 deg.C for one-minute - 3-hours by stirring or shaking, allowed to stand and a separated nonpolar organic solvent layer is collected. 1 pt.wt. prepared solvent layer is extracted with 0.05-10 pts.wt. polar organic solvent (preferably ethanol) under the same condition, a polar organic solvent layer is collected, the solvent is removed to give a concentration of alcoholic liquor fragrance. The amount of the concentration blended is 0.01-5wt.%, preferably 0.1-1wt.% based on the whole amounts of perfume composition and 0.001-2.0wt.%, preferably 0.01-0.1wt.% based on perfume.
Enrolled healthy subjects will undergo and initial vascular ultrasound imaging procedure to locate a deep venous valve in either the sapheno-femoral junction or femoral trifurcation sites. Once the imaging valve is identified the baseline level of venous flow will be collected in 30 s video clips of 2D color Doppler videos and spectral Doppler. Next, either the OsciPulse device, or one of the two reference therapy devices, will be applied by study personnel according to the device's specific instructions. The subject will wear the device during the capture of 1 spectral Doppler clip and three 30 s 2D color Doppler ultrasound clips on both the left and right leg. Next, the remaining two devices will be applied based on instructions, and vascular ultrasound clips captured for each. Completion of this visit protocol will be the end of the study.
The sleep group was instructed to engage in a minimum of six hours of sleep over the course of the 24-hour observation period. Individuals who slept for a duration of less than six hours were excluded from the study.
This study is looking at whether an autobiographical memory-based intervention is acceptable and suitable for people with thoughts of suicide within a secondary mental health population. Autobiographical memory involves the recollection of past events in a person's own life, and this has been linked to a person's sense of identity, goals, and orientation in the present. Memories linked to negative emotions have been shown to be durable, accessible, and easily and vividly remembered. The power that memories of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts hold is therefore concerning. This intervention aims to support participants to more readily access positive and neutral autobiographical memories, using memory tasks and worksheets. By focusing upon individuals' moves away from suicidal thinking, it also aims to shift the focus onto remembering what led people to reconnect with life.

The study is an experimental case series using a non-concurrent A-B multiple baseline design, in which the participants first attend 3-5 baseline sessions prior to attending 6 intervention sessions. Sessions are one-to-one. The initial baseline session and all intervention sessions will take place face-to-face. The follow-up baseline sessions can be conducted in-person, online via Microsoft Teams, or via telephone, depending on participant preference.

The initial baseline session will involve assessing risk and updating participants' safety plan. The intervention involves 6 sessions of approximately one hour. The first session will focus upon familiarisation to concepts in the intervention, using imagery-based metaphors to support understanding. Sessions 2-4 will focus on different memories - neutral, positive, and memories of moves away from suicidal thinking. Memory tasks will broadly follow the 5 stages outlined in the broad-minded affective coping (BMAC) procedure, but with a focus on these specific memories. In the final 2 sessions, participants will have a choice around which memory to focus on. The final session will also involve post-intervention planning. Outcome measures will be completed in all baseline and intervention sessions.

The study aims to recruit 5-7 participants from community mental health teams (CMHTs) in which supervisory support can be arranged. The intervention will be conducted by the principle investigator (AP), a trainee psychologist, under the supervision of clinical psychologists within the CMHTs (JK and NI) who are also members of the research team.
AIM: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are both recommended for patients with diabetes, yet their effects on the development or progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) are largely unknown.
METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, data were collected from a nationwide database. Patients with diabetes who initiated treatment with a GLP1RA or SGLT2i between 1 May 2016 and 31 December 2017, were identified. Patients were divided into those with or without a previous diagnosis of DR and then categorized into the GLP1RA and the SGLT2i groups according to drug use. The primary outcome of interest in the DR group was the composite of new-onset proliferative DR, vitreous haemorrhage and tractional retinal detachment (RD). In the non-DR group, the primary outcome was the composite of newly diagnosed DR of any severity, vitreous haemorrhage and RD.
RESULTS: In total, 97 413 patients were identified. After matching, 1517 patients were treated with a GLP1RA and 3034 with an SGLT2i in the DR cohort. In the non-DR cohort, 9549 initiated a GLP1RA and 19 098 initiated an SGLT2i. In patients with pre-existing DR, the incidence of any DR progression event was significantly higher in the GLP1RA group than the SGLT2i group (subdistribution hazard ratio 1.50, 95% confidence interval 1.01-2.23), primarily because of the increased risk of tractional RD. In patients without DR at baseline, the risks of all ocular outcomes were similar between the GLP1RA and SGLT2i groups.
CONCLUSIONS: In patients with diabetes mellitus and established DR, GLP1RA treatment was associated with increased risks of DR progression compared with SGLT2i use.
Novel compositions and methods are provided for the treatment of cancer employing monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) conjugated to a toxin. According to the present invention, MoAbs defining epitopes on either a tumor associated glycoprotein antigen of about 72 kD m.w. or on carcinoembryonic antigen conjugated to a ribosomal inhibiting protein, or the like, are employed either alone or in combination as cytotoxic agents in the treatment of various cancers including, but not limited to, colorectal carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma and osteogenic sarcoma. For some of these compositions, an enhanced or potentiated efficacy is observed when the conjugates are administered along with a related, unconjugated monoclonal antibody. 
     Hybridomas XMMCO-791 and XMMCO-228 were deposited with the A.T.C.C. on Aug. 14, 1986 and given A.T.C.C. Accession Nos. HB 9173 and HB 9174, respectively. Hybridoma XMMBR-B14 was deposited with the A.T.C.C. on Jan. 14, 1987 and given A.T.C.C. Accession No. HB 9308.
The invention belongs to the medical field, and especially to water-soluble puffed granules for treating urolithiasis and a preparation method thereof. The technology problem that the invention solves is to provide water-soluble puffed granules for treating urolithiasis with smooth and compact texture and good fluidity, and the shapes of granules are ball-like. Extraction and decoction of desmodium styracifolium  can be performed according to existing methods. A main difference is to prepare the particles of the water-soluble puffed granules for treating urolithiasis into a compressed state. During a process of drying, water content in the particles is controlled at 4-5% at a low temperature, the particles are heated at a high temperature to become puffed and the granules are obtained after drying. The preparation method provided by the invention enables the spheroidic particles to have smooth and compact texture. The interior of a particle has a phenomenon of cavity puffing. The particles have the following advantages: no easy disintegration, attractive appearance, particle angle of repose of 10-25DEG ,high fluidity, no easy moisture absorption, fewer supplementary materials required ,no easy pasty object generation and easy operation when used in infusion. The water-soluble puffed granules for treating urolithiasis provided by the invention can be used as materials for preparing tablets and capsules, and the processes of tabletting and capsulationcan be performed according to regular processes.
PURPOSE: To provide an effective and safe preventive and curative agent for diarrhea, especially the agent capable of preventing and curing diarrhetic syndromes accompanied by administering chemothrapeutics against cancers. CONSTITUTION: This preventive and curative agent for diarrhea contains conagenin: chemical name (2S)N-[(2R,3S,4R)2,4-dihydroxy-3-methyl-pentanoyl]-2- methylserine or its salt as an effective ingredient. Conagenin can be obtained from a cultured product of conagenin producing bacteria belonging to Streptomyces, known as a chemotherapeutic agent against cancers, having low toxicity, e.g. LD50 is >=500mg/kg by an acute toxicity test using rats through an oral, a subcutaneous, an intraperitoneal or an intravenous administration. The preventive and curative agent is effective for diarrhetic symptoms accompanied by administering cancer chemotherapeutics such as an antimetabolite (e.g. 5-fluorouracil), an alkylating agent (e.g. cyclophosphamide), a plant derived compound (e.g. vincristine sulfate) etc.
Bilateral upper extremity pattern for trunk by Chopping, Lifting 2. Bilateral lower extremity pattern for trunk. 3. Trunk lateral flexion. 4. Combination patterns for the trunk by Upper and lower trunk flexion, Upper trunk flexion with lower trunk extension, Upper and lower trunk extension, Upper trunk extension with lower trunk flexion.
INTRODUCTION: intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis has significantly reduced the incidence of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in knee surgeries. However, for patients colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) or those at risk of colonization, prophylaxis should include vancomycin. Intraosseous (IO) administration of vancomycin could enhance its effectiveness in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
MATERIAL AND METHODS: a retrospective review was conducted, including 143 patients at risk of PJI scheduled for TKA who received IO vancomycin along with intravenous (IV) cefazolin, referred to as group I (GI), between May 2021 and December 2022. The occurrence of complications in the first three postoperative months was evaluated. Results were compared with 140 patients without risk factors who received standard IV prophylaxis, designated as group II (GII).
RESULTS: in GI, 500 mg of IO vancomycin was administered, injected into the proximal tibia, in addition to standard IV prophylaxis. In GII, patients received only IV cefazolin. The incidence of complications was 1.64% in GI and 1.4% in GII. The PJI rate at 90 postoperative days was 0.69% in GI and 0.71% in GII.
CONCLUSIONS: IO vancomycin administration, along with standard IV prophylaxis, provides a safe and effective alternative for patients at risk of MRSA colonization. This approach minimizes complications associated with IV vancomycin use and addresses logistical challenges of timely administration.
Most meningiomas are dural-based extra-axial tumors in close contact with the brain. Expression of genes and proteins at the tumor-brain interface in brain-invasive meningioma is basically unknown. Using the NanoString pan-cancer panel, differential expression of genes in the invasive edge versus main tumor body was determined in 12 invasive meningiomas (comprising the discovery cohort), and 6 candidate genes: DTX1, RASGRF1, GRIN1, TNR, IL6, and NR4A1, were identified. By immunohistochemistry, DTX1 and RASGRF1 expression correlated with gene expression, and were studied in an expanded cohort of 21 invasive and 15 noninvasive meningiomas, together with Ki-67. Significantly higher expression of DTX1, RASGFR1, and Ki-67 was found in the invasive edge compared with the main tumor body. Increased expression of RASGRF1 and Ki-67 was more clearly associated with brain invasion. The situation with DTX1 was less definitive since increased expression was observed in meningiomas both at the invasive edge and when in close contact with brain but without invasion. Pathway analyses identified significant links between DTX1 and RASGRF1 and key biological processes, including cell-cell adhesion, and signaling pathways including Notch, RAS, MAPK, and Rho. Higher expression of DTX1, RASGRF1, and Ki-67 in the brain-invasive area of meningiomas suggests that these proteins play a role in the process of brain invasion.
Itching is an aversive somatosensation that triggers the desire to scratch. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channel proteins are key players in acute and chronic itch. However, whether the modulatory effect of fibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13) on acute and chronic itch is associated with TRP channel proteins is unclear. Here, we demonstrated that conditional knockout of Fgf13 in dorsal root ganglion neurons induced significant impairment in scratching behaviors in response to acute histamine-dependent and chronic dry skin itch models. Furthermore, FGF13 selectively regulated the function of the TRPV1, but not the TRPA1 channel on Ca2+ imaging and electrophysiological recordings, as demonstrated by a significant reduction in neuronal excitability and current density induced by TRPV1 channel activation, whereas TRPA1 channel activation had no effect. Changes in channel currents were also verified in HEK cell lines. Subsequently, we observed that selective modulation of TRPV1 by FGF13 required its microtubule-stabilizing effect. Furthermore, in FGF13 knockout mice, only the overexpression of FGF13 with a tubulin-binding domain could rescue TRP channel function and the impaired itch behavior. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism by which FGF13 is involved in TRPV1-dependent itch transduction and provide valuable clues for alleviating pathological itch syndrome.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major diseases leading to mortality and disability, causing a serious disease burden on individuals' ordinary lives as well as socioeconomics. In primary injury, neuroimmune and neuroinflammation are both responsible for the TBI. Besides, extensive and sustained injury induced by neuroimmune and neuroinflammation also prolongs the course and worsens prognosis of TBI. Therefore, this review aims to explore the role of neuroimmune, neuroinflammation and factors associated them in TBI as well as the therapies for TBI. Thus, we conducted by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for articles published between 2010 and 2023. Keywords included "traumatic brain injury," "neuroimmune response," "neuroinflammation," "astrocytes," "microglia," and "NLRP3." Articles were selected based on relevance and quality of evidence. On this basis, we provide the cellular and molecular mechanisms of TBI-induced both neuroimmune and neuroinflammation response, as well as the different factors affecting them, are introduced based on physiology of TBI, which supply a clear overview in TBI-induced chain-reacting, for a better understanding of TBI and to offer more thoughts on the future therapies for TBI.
A dry consumable preparation and related methods are disclosed. The preparation has a plurality of excipient particles and at least one of a cannabinoid and a cannabinoid extract, the at least one of the cannabinoid or the cannabinoid extract containing one or more cannabinoids plated to the plurality of excipient particles. The preparation further comprises an effervescence agent, the effervescence agent comprising a carbonate salt, and at least one acid. The carbonate salt comprises sodium, potassium and/or calcium. The at least one acid comprises at least one of citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic, acetic, benzoic, ascorbic, oxalic, tannic, phosphoric, or malic acid. A ratio of the at least one of the carbonate salt to the at least one acid is at least 1:1, the ratio configured to create a chemical pH buffering system at a targeted pH range when the dry consumable preparation is added to a targeted amount of water.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Although it is widely recognized that muscle quality significantly influences adverse outcomes in patients with cancer, the precise definition of muscle quality remains elusive. The muscle quality index (MQI), also known as muscle-specific strength, is a relatively recent functional concept of muscle quality. It is obtained through the ratio of muscle strength to muscle mass, but its predictive value in patients with cancer remains unknown. In this study, we explored the prognostic significance of MQI in patients with cancer. Furthermore, we introduce and assess the prognostic potential of a novel muscle quality metric: the strength-to-muscle-radiodensity index (SMRi).
METHODS: A secondary analysis was conducted on a prospective cohort study. CT scans were opportunistically used to assess body composition parameters, including skeletal muscle mass (SM in cm2) and muscle radiodensity (SMD in HU) at the third lumbar vertebra (L3). Handgrip strength (HGS) was measured. MQICT was calculated using the ratio of HGS to SM (cm2). SMRi was calculated as the ratio of HGS to SMD (HU). For analysis purposes, low MQICT and SMRi were defined using two approaches: statistical cutoffs associated with survival, and median-based distribution data.
RESULTS: A total of 250 patients were included (52.8% females, 52% adults, 20-90 years). Gastrointestinal tumors and stage III-IV were the most frequent diagnosis and stages. SMRi and MQICT were strongly positively correlated (ρ = 0.71 P < 0.001). Individual components of MQICT and SMRi were also positively correlated. Patients with both low MQICT and SMRi had shorter survival (log-rank P = 0.023 and P = 0.003, respectively). When applying median distribution cutoffs, SMRi emerged as the most accurate predictor of mortality (HR adjusted 3.18, 95% CI 1.50 to 6.75, C-index: 0.71), when compared to MQICT (HR adjusted 1.49, 95% CI 0.77 to 2.87, C-index: 0.68).
CONCLUSION: This study introduces the concept and potential prognostic significance of the SMRi. The physiological and clinical implications of this new index warrant further investigation across a spectrum of diseases, including cancer.
Eligible patients will be treated at baseline through Week 4. Those who choose to continue will have additional in-person visits at Weeks 8 and 12 visits (and Week 16 for those starting modafinil at Week 4).
PURPOSE: To obtain a hair shampoo-conditioner compsn. capable of simultaneously washing hair and imparting improved conditioning properties to the hair by a single application. CONSTITUTION: This hair shampoo-conditioner compsn. contains an anionic washing surfactant, a polymeric cationic conditioning compd., a cationic conditioning surfactant and fatty acid ester in a proper carrier. When this compsn. is applied once to hair, it washes the hair and imparts improved wet- and dry- stage conditioning properties to the hair.