anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Panax ginseng has been used in Asia for thousands of years to improve vitality, wakefulness, respiration, angina, nausea, attention, memory, and diminished libido. More recently, Panax extracts have become one of the most popular commercial herbal dietary supplements in the West as well. Unfortunately, a limited understanding of the bioactive ingredients within the Panax extracts resulted in a wide spectrum of available products with no guidelines for standardization. The lack of standardization undermined any legitimate attempt to validate the claimed health benefits of the extracts. However, recent advances in the identification, quantification, and standardization of extract components with demonstrated systemic and neurological actions in animals have created a novel opportunity for the controlled clinical investigation of some Panax extracts.

A significant improvement in the standardization of Panax extracts occurred approximately 20 years ago with the introduction of a 4% minimum ginsenoside content in a formulation of Panax ginseng C V Meyer under the trademark G115 by Pharmaton in Lugano Switzerland. This prompted a series of investigations of short-term cognitive, physical, emotional, and psychosocial benefits from a single dose of G115. Idiosyncratic cognitive gains were reported, but no reliable benefits were observed in physical, emotional, or psychosocial status. Several studies have examined the cognitive, physical, emotional, and psychosocial benefits from sustained exposure to G115, but these studies are few in number and often failed to include standardized behavioural measures or controlled Panax extracts.

Over the past five years, refinements in high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) have allowed greater precision in Panax constituent analysis, with significant implications to the investigation of the safety and efficacy of Panax extracts in human populations. HPLC has been used to identify and quantify several promising neuroactive ginsenosides that are likely relevant to the human bioactive effect of Panax extracts. Most notable are the Rg1 and Rb1 ginsenosides from Panax quinquefolius L which show a number of interesting in vitro effects on animal tissue from the central nervous system that have led to several positive results from studies of animal learning. Most significant, however, was the introduction of HT1001, a precisely standardized proprietary combination of Rg1 and Rb1 ginsenosides developed by CV Technologies in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Each product lot of HT1001 from CV Technologies is tested to ensure consistency of the ginsenoside composition. The introduction of a commercial product with a precise standardized composition of Rb1 and Rg1 has created a unique opportunity for investigating the safety and efficacy of Panax extracts.
Patients with systolic heart failure have higher prevalence of SDB than the general middle aged population \[1-3\]. There is strong evidence that treatment of OSA in the general population reduces fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events\[4\]. In patients with underlying heart failure and OSA, treatment with CPAP improves ejection fraction and functional outcome\[5\]. In patients with heart failure and CSA, there is evidence of increased sympathetic activity \[6\], predisposition to dsyrrythmia \[7\] and increased mortality. However, to date systematic diagnostic approach of SDB in this vulnerable population is not part of the guidelines for management of heart failure.

In patients with heart failure, the prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) was estimated at 24-37 % and Central Sleep Apnea (CSA) at 40%. The severity of CSA is shown to be directly related to the severity of the underlying heart failure\[8\]. Additionally, the management of heart failure has changed significantly since these original studies, to include b-blockade, aggressive hemodynamic targets, and device therapy\[9\]. Taken together, these observations call into question the applicability of this previous prevalence estimate of CSA in this patient population. Indeed, recent data suggest a decline in the incidence of CSA\[10, 11\]. Obstructive Sleep Apnea, on the other hand, is strongly associated with obesity. The rising incidence of obesity, and its strong association with cardiovascular disease, may suggest a rise in the incidence of OSA in this patient population.

Did the recent changes in the management of heart failure change the prevalence and distribution of SDB? What is the most effective approach to diagnosis of this highly prevalent disorder in this very vulnerable patient population? A modern cost benefit analysis and comparison against the current slow inefficient and very expensive approach is needed. An approach that combines evaluation of risk factors and an abbreviated portable study may be adequate and certainly less expensive. Our program aims at providing every heart failure patient with clinically indicating and not otherwise available screening for SDB. Validated questionnaires and screening ambulatory sleep studies are provided to every patient. Additionally, this clinical operation has no risk to patients, rather a significant benefit. The sensitivity and specificity of this surveillance approach will need to be evaluated and validated. The validation operation will bring additional benefit to our future patients. The accumulation and analysis of the data will also enable us to determine the magnitude of the sleep co-morbidity in our heart failure patients and help educate clinicians who treat similar patients nationwide
In pediatric thoracic surgery, reported predictors for increased risk are symptoms and active/previous infections (RAP). We investigated the adverse events related to Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery (VATS) in pediatric patients when considering RAP predictors. A retrospective analysis of pediatric VATS major lung resections in 2008-2021 was conducted at three institutions. We employed the pediatric surgical risk calculator to define patients' preoperative predicted risk (PredR). Postoperative complications were classified according to the Thoracic Morbidity & Mortality (TM&M) system. The observed TM&M rate (ObsR) and the PredR were compared. A subgroup analysis by RAP predictors was conducted. 37 patients (54% female) were included. Mean age and weight were 5.8 years and 22.8 kg. 56.7% had respiratory symptoms, 38.9% active infection and 59.5% history of infections (RAP subpopulations). VATS procedures were lobectomy (n=32), segmentectomy (n=3), bilobectomy (n=1) and pneumonectomy (n=1). The conversion rate was 5.4%. The mean PredR was of 4.43% (±1.8) and the overall ObsR was 45.94% with a median severity of II (I-III). This difference was significant and a higher PredR was not associated with complications development. PredR does not show association among the RAP vs non-RAP group. ObsR showed positive association with RAP, even if it reached statistical significance only for "respiratory symptoms" risk factor. ObsR reflected the number of bronchiectasis patients in our series (n=9), aligning with the hypothesis of "earlier and safer surgery". The risk calculator underestimates VATS morbidity. Multicentre studies will clarify the correlation between inflammation and surgical adverse events.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a trauma and ambustion ointment which belongs to the field of pharmacy. According to the invention, calamine, calcined calamine, common bletilla tuber, borneol, amur corktree bark, giant knotweed rhizome, Chinese quince, swordlike atractylodes rhizome, calcined gypsum, fourstamen stephania root, wenchow turmeric root tuber, longleaf garden burnet root, angelica archang lica, redroot gromwell, vaseline, lanolin, liquid paraffin, and ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate are adopted as raw materials, and the trauma and ambustion ointment is prepared through certain technologies. The product is advantaged in no toxicity, no irritation, no allergy, safe administration, and fast effect. With the product, a wound surface can be maintained moistened, and wound epithelization healing can be promoted. The ointment provides necrotic tissue eliminating and granulation promoting effects, and a good inflammation resisting effect. The ointment provides functions of astringing and blood circulation promoting, and a fast subsiding swelling effect. With the ointment, local blood circulation can be improved, inflammation absorption can be promoted, and cicatrix growing can be inhibited. The ointment provides a fast and persistent pain-relieving effect. With the ointment, pains of patients can be relieved. The ointment can be used on slight burns due to hot liquid or fire, chronic eczema, and common furunculosis.
An effective treatment for removing acne blemishes with non-prescription substances is described. The afflicted area first is washed with very warm water and an emulsifier. Hot towels are applied to the blemishes and the towels are removed. The skin is left moist, followed by application of a hot cloth soaked in saline water. Pairs of steaming hot towels are placed over the saline water soaked cloth until the subject feels that each of the pairs of towels are no longer hot. The afflicted area then is washed with a castile soap and residual brown spots on the skin are post treated with a topical application of turpentine or honey.
Research Design. Investigators will invite 56 women with an APO within the past 3 yrs to participate. Women will be randomly assigned to the 4-wk intervention group (n=28) or a standard care group (n=28) using a computerized random number generator, stratified by race. Assuming up to 25% with poor adherence, Investigators expect that 42 women (21 each arm) will complete the study. No data exist related to effects of supplementation on vascular function in our population, we assumed a medium effect size, i.e. Cohen's d\~0.50 and accepting a β=0.80, to generate sample sizes. Generation of effect sizes is a key outcome of this study. Investigators will conduct a vascular assessment and blood draw at two visits: before the intervention begins and within 3 days of completing the intervention. Investigators will conduct visits during the early follicular phase of menstrual cycle to account for fluctuating hormones. Vascular testing will be performed in the supine position and ≥4 hours after a light meal. Surveys for Aim 2 will be completed within the first 2 weeks of study enrollment, and interviews for Aim 2 will be conducted at the end of Visit 2.

Anti-inflammatory supplementation intervention. Participants randomized to the supplementation intervention will receive a commercially available supplement (100 mg curcumin phytosome, 100 mg quercetin phytosome, 100 mg green tea phytosome, 100 mg trans-resveratrol, 100 mg trans-pterostilbene). Participants will be asked to take 2 doses/day (1g total). Participants randomized to supplementation will receive a daily email reminding them to take the supplement. Covariates. Medical history, age, and sociodemographics will be obtained via self-report. Investigators will use validated surveys to determine physical activity, sedentary behavior, and smoking history. Height and weight will be measured.

Acceptability of Dietary Supplementation. Investigators will administer surveys to all participants to understand their perceptions of dietary supplementation, including potential benefits and consequences associated with supplementation. Investigators will determine willingness to use supplements, barriers to supplementation, and who, i.e., physician or partner, influences their decision to use dietary supplements.

Adherence and Barriers to Adherence. Investigators will count pills to determine adherence to supplementation regime. Investigators will assess each intervention participant's perceptions of supplementation with a brief interview at the final visit. Interviews will capture participant's perceptions of the role of supplementation for CVD prevention, and any side effects of supplementation. Investigators will ask participants to recommend ways to encourage participation and ask questions regarding their perceptions of the incentive structure and contact with the study team. Investigators will contact participants who drop out of the study to identify reasons for drop out.
Systems and methods for training and using an image classifier are provided. A plurality of points can be generated from respective patches of images annotated as either a first type or a second type. The points corresponding to the images of the second type can be clustered into two clusters. A first cluster of the two clusters can be identified as closer to the points corresponding to the images annotated as the first type. The points in the first cluster can be assigned to a class positive, the points in the second cluster can be assigned to a class negative, and the points corresponding to the images annotated as the first type can be assigned to an anchor class. A plurality of triplets can be generated based on the points in the various classes. Parameters of an image classifier can be adjusted based on a loss function of the triplets.
###  Risk Summary

There is no information regarding the presence of telmisartan and amlodipine or telmisartan in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. Limited published studies report that amlodipine is present in human milk. However, there is insufficient information to determine the effects of amlodipine on the breastfed infant. There is no available information on the effects of amlodipine on milk production. Telmisartan is present in the milk of lactating rats (see Data). Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in the breastfed infant including hypotension, hyperkalemia and renal impairment, advise a nursing woman not to breastfeed during treatment with telmisartan and amlodipine tablets.

###  Data

Telmisartan was present in the milk of lactating rats at concentrations of 1.5 to 2 times those found in plasma from 4 to 8 hours after administration.
INTRODUCTION: Pain is part of the daily life of ballet dancers. To achieve perfection in the dance, techniques based on repetitive movements that overload different parts of the body are used, which generate pain. The purpose of this study is identify coping strategies used by professional ballet dancers to manage chronic pain.
METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological design with a population of 17 professional dancers from a ballet company in Cali, Colombia. The Chronic Pain Coping Questionnaire (CAD) and a open interview with guiding questions were applied as research instruments.
RESULTS: The dancers of the Colombian Ballet Company engage in a physically demanding practice that necessitates continuous movement. The majority of these dancers are under 30 years of age and have been with the company for less than 5 years. Unfortunately, their frequent injuries include sprains, back pain, and disc herniation, often attributed to a lack of strengthening and the imposition of high physical loads. In coping with the pain, the dancers commonly resort to seeking information about their injuries and engaging in self-affirmation of their exceptional abilities.
CONCLUSIONS: Dancers get used to pain to continue in professional dance companies. Coping with pain involves developing strategies for self-affirmation and motivation to continue in their profession.
The prevalence of obesity in the United States has continued to increase over the past several decades. Understanding how diet-induced obesity modulates mucosal immunity is of clinical relevance. We previously showed that consumption of a high fat, high sugar "Western" diet (WD) reduces the density and function of small intestinal Paneth cells, a small intestinal epithelial cell type with innate immune function. We hypothesized that obesity could also result in repressed gut adaptive immunity. Using small intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) as a readout, we found that in non-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) subjects, high body mass index correlated with reduced IEL density. We recapitulated this in wild type (WT) mice fed with WD. A 4-week WD consumption was able to reduce IEL but not splenic, blood, or bone marrow lymphocytes, and the effect was reversible after another 2 weeks of standard diet (SD) washout. Importantly, WD-associated IEL reduction was not dependent on the presence of gut microbiota, as WD-fed germ-free mice also showed IEL reduction. We further found that WD-mediated Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) activation in the gut triggered IEL reduction, and this was partially mediated by intestinal phagocytes. Activated FXR signaling stimulated phagocytes to secrete type I IFN, and inhibition of either FXR or type I IFN signaling within the phagocytes prevented WD-mediated IEL loss. Therefore, WD consumption represses both innate and adaptive immunity in the gut. These findings have significant clinical implications in the understanding of how diet modulates mucosal immunity.
Participants randomised to the intervention group will receive a CAir desk and a chatbot-based intervention programme for a period of 12 weeks. The CAir desk is supplied to assess HrQoL, physical activity, and spirometry data. The first week is equal to the procedure in the control group (for details see paragraph below) and serves for baseline measurements of daily physical activity. Starting in week 2 of the study duration, participants receive feedback on their daily physical activity through the CAir chatbot application and aim to increase their daily step count by 15% from baseline. Furthermore, the CAir chatbot provides several components of the "Living well with COPD" programme (e.g. educational content, information on exercise training) to the patient.
The invention discloses a method for controlling the total count of bacteria carried by rotifer. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a Bdellovibrio sp. diluent of which the concentration is 2*10<3>-2*10<6>PFU/mL, and mixing the Bdellovibrio sp. diluent with a mixed solution of sodium glutamate and cane sugar in the volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain a Bdellovibrio sp. preparation; and mixing the Bdellovibrio sp. preparation with a pretreated rotifer-containing water sample. The method provided by the invention is simple and feasible, and is suitable for industrial batch production. The contained sodium glutamate and cane sugar do not have toxic or side effects on water bodies or the rotifer, and do not cause pollution to the water bodies or death of beneficial aquatic plankton such as the rotifer. Through the method disclosed by the invention, the total count of the bacteria carried by the rotifer can be effectively controlled within 103cfu/mL in 24 hours, and the regeneration of the bacteria is slowed down for a long period of time.
Impaired renal function results in a decreased rate and extent of excretion of tramadol and its active metabolite, M1. ULTRAM ER has not been studied in patients with severe renal impairment (CLcr < 30 mL/min). The limited availability of dose strengths and once daily dosing of ULTRAM ER do not permit the dosing flexibility required for safe use in patients with severe renal impairment. Therefore, ULTRAM ER should not be used in patients with severe renal impairment (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION). Metabolism of tramadol and M1 is reduced in patients with advanced cirrhosis of the liver. The pharmacokinetics of ULTRAM ER has not been studied in patients with severe hepatic impairment. The limited availability of dose strengths and once daily dosing of ULTRAM ER do not permit the dosing flexibility required for safe use in patients with severe hepatic impairment. Therefore, ULTRAM ER should not be used in patients with severe hepatic impairment (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).
BACKGROUND: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are the most common device-associated healthcare-acquired infections and pose a significant burden on patients and healthcare systems worldwide. However, there is a paucity of data on CAUTI epidemiology and microbiology in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, including Lebanon.
METHODS: This 14-year retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care center in Lebanon. It analyzed data on all adult patients diagnosed with CAUTI between January 2009 and December 2022 in intensive care units (ICUs) and between June 2011 and December 2022 in regular units. Incidence rates, urinary catheter utilization ratios, and microbiological profiles were collected and analyzed.
RESULTS: A total of 620 CAUTI cases were identified during the study period. The overall CAUTI rate was 2.4 per 1000 catheter-days, with higher rates in ICUs (3.2 per 1000 catheter-days) compared to regular units (1.4 per 1000 catheter-days). No significant changes in the rates were noted despite implementing many interventions. The most common pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria, with Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae being predominant. Multidrug-resistant organisms represented 48% of all isolates. Enterobacterales were largely extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing, and most Acinetobacter baumannii isolates showed multidrug resistance.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides important insights into CAUTI epidemiology and microbiology in a tertiary care center in Lebanon, addressing the knowledge gap in this area in the MENA region. Despite implementing prevention measures, CAUTI rates remained stable over the 14-year period. The findings highlight the need for continuous improvement in infection prevention practices, diagnostic stewardship, and antimicrobial stewardship, especially given the rising threat of antimicrobial resistance. These results can serve as a guide for the development of targeted preventive strategies to reduce the burden of CAUTIs, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where antimicrobial resistance is a major issue.
OBJECTIVES: Some studies show that high circulating cystatin C (CysC) may predict cardiovascular events and death after ischemic stroke onset. However, the association between serum CysC and outcome in ischemic stroke patients remains contradictory. We sought to assess the association between a specific stroke subgroup, brainstem infarction (BSI) and serum CysC.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 324 acute BSI patients were included in the study. Serum CysC was used to calculate estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRCysC) at baseline. Modified Rankin scale score ((mRS) ≥3) six months after acute BSI indicates poor functional outcome. Patients were categorized into two groups according to mRS and eGFRCysC. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine independent risk factors.
RESULTS: Lower eGFRCysC was associated with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). This risk remained statistically significant after controlling for age, hypertension, initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, HbA1c, fibrinogen and homocysteine. The serum eGFRCysC levels were significantly lower in the poor functional outcome group than the good functional outcome group (P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that eGFRCysC level was significantly lower in the poor outcome group after adjusting for age, previous infarctions, initial NIHSS score, and HbA1c.
CONCLUSIONS: Lower eGFRCysC levels were strongly associated with poor functional outcome of acute BSI patients with a higher HbA1c level. Lower eGFRCysC may be a more helpful serologic biomarker for the prediction of prognosis in BSI.