anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Researchers are focusing on cellular therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBM-MSCs) leading the way. However, BM-MSCs may not be as optimal as therapeutic cells owing to their low growth potential, invasive harvesting, and high expression of aging-related genes with poor differentiation potential. Consequently, umbilical cord-derived MSCs (hUC-MSCs), which have many excellent features as allogeneic heterologous stem cells, have received considerable attention. Allogeneic and heterologous hUC-MSCs appear to be promising owing to their excellent therapeutic properties. However, MSCs cannot remain in the lungs for long periods after intravenous infusion.
OBJECTIVE: To develop designer hUC-MSCs (dUC-MSCs), which are novel therapeutic cells with modified cell-adhesion properties, to aid COPD treatment.
METHODS: dUC-MSCs were cultured on type-I collagen gels and laminin 411, which are extracellular matrices. Mouse models of elastase-induced COPD were treated with hUC-MSCs. Biochemical analysis of the lungs of treated and control animals was performed.
RESULTS: Increased efficiency of vascular induction was found with dUC-MSCs transplanted into COPD mouse models compared with that observed with transplanted hUC-MSCs cultured on plates. The transplanted dUC-MSCs inhibited apoptosis by downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokine production, enhancing adhesion of the extracellular matrix to alveolar tissue via integrin β1, promoting the polarity of M2 macrophages, and contributing to the repair of collapsed alveolar walls by forming smooth muscle fibers. dUC-MSCs inhibited osteoclastogenesis in COPD-induced osteoporosis. hUC-MSCs are a promising cell source and have many advantages over BM-MSCs and adipose tissue-derived MSCs.
CONCLUSION: We developed novel designer cells that may be involved in anti-inflammatory, homeostatic, injury repair, and disease resistance processes. dUC-MSCs repair and regenerate the alveolar wall by enhancing adhesion to the damaged site. Therefore, they can contribute to the treatment of COPD and systemic diseases such as osteoporosis.
The present invention relates to a method of inhibiting Gene expression in bacteria, which is referred to herein as Antibacterial Gene Silencing (AGS). In particular embodiments, the methods are used to protect plants and animals against pathogenic bacteria by targeting pathogenic factors and/or essential genes by small non-coding RNAs in a sequence-specific manner. The method may also be used to enhance the beneficial effects and/or growth of commensal or symbiotic bacteria. The present invention relates to the exogenous delivery of small RNA entities to bacteria in the form of RNA extracts, or embedded in plant Extracellular Vesicles (EVs), for reducing bacterial growth, survival and/or pathogenicity. The present invention also describes a method for identifying small RNAs with antibacterial activity and potential for further development into anti-infective agents in a rapid, reliable and cost-effective manner. Furthermore, the latter method facilitates rapid characterization of any gene from any bacterial species.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: α-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is an inherited, genetic condition characterized by reduced serum levels of AAT and increased risk of developing emphysema and liver disease. AAT is normally synthesized primarily in the liver, but muscle-targeting with a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector for α-1 antitrypsin (AAT) gene therapy has been used to minimize liver exposure to the virus and hepatotoxicity. Clinical trials of direct intramuscular (IM) administration of rAAV1-hAAT have demonstrated its overall safety and transgene expression for 5 years. However, the failure to reach the therapeutic target level after 100 large-volume (1.5 mL) IM injections of maximally concentrated vector led us to pursue a muscle-targeting approach using isolated limb perfusion. This targets the rAAV to a greater muscle mass and allows for a higher total volume (and thereby a higher dose) than is tolerable by multiple direct IM injections. Limb perfusion has been shown to be feasible in non-human primates using the rAAV1 serotype and a ubiquitous promoter expressing an epitope-tagged AAT matched to the host species.
METHODS: In this study, we performed a biodistribution and preclinical safety study in non-human primates with a clinical candidate rAAV1-human AAT (hAAT) vector at doses ranging from 3.0 × 1012 to 1.3 × 1013 vg/kg, bracketing those used in our clinical trials.
RESULTS: We found that limb perfusion delivery of rAAV1-hAAT was safe and showed a biodistribution pattern similar to previous studies. However, serum levels of AAT obtained with high-dose limb perfusion still reached only ~50% of the target serum levels.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that clinically effective AAT gene therapy may ultimately require delivery at doses between 3.5 × 1013-1 × 1014 vg/kg, which is within the dose range used for approved rAAV gene therapies. Muscle-targeting strategies could be incorporated when delivering systemic administration of high-dose rAAV gene therapies to increase transduction of muscle tissues and reduce the burden on the liver, especially in diseases that can present with hepatotoxicity such as AAT deficiency.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignancy with high mortality rates and poor prognosis. Shikonin (SHK) has demonstrated extensive anti-tumor activity across various cancers, yet its clinical application is hindered by poor solubility, limited bioavailability, and high toxicity. This study aims to develop SHK-loaded exosomes (SHK-Exos) and assess their efficacy in CRC progression. Exosomes were isolated using ultracentrifugation and characterized via TEM, NTA, and western blotting. Their cellular internalization was confirmed through confocal microscopy post PKH67 labeling. Effects on cell behaviors were assessed using CCK-8 and Transwell assays. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed via flow cytometry. A xenograft tumor model evaluatedin vivotherapeutic potential, and tumor tissues were examined using H&E staining andin vivoimaging. SHK-Exos demonstrated effective cell targeting and internalization in CRC cells.In vitro, SHK-Exos surpassed free SHK in inhibiting aggressive cellular behaviors and promoting apoptosis, whilein vivostudies showed substantial efficacy in reducing tumor growth with excellent tumor targeting and minimal toxicity. Employing SHK-Exos effectively impedes CRC progressionin vitroandin vivo, offering significant therapeutic potential. This research underscores the advantages of using autologous exosomes as a drug carrier, enhancing efficacy and reducing toxicity.
Brentuximab vedotin is an anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody conjugated to the cytotoxic drug monomethyl auristatin E. It is currently evaluated in combination with multi-agent chemotherapy as frontline treatment of systemic ALCL (sALCL) and other CD30-positive mature T cell and NK cell lymphomas. Preliminary results of this phase 1 study have been presented at the 2012 ASH Annual Meeting: 26 patients have been treated with combination brentuximab vedotin and CHP. Nineteen of 26 patients had a diagnosis of sALCL and 7 patients had a diagnosis of another mature Tor NK-cell lymphoma (EATL, n=1). The maximum tolerated dose of brentuximab vedotin in combination with CHP was not exceeded at 1.8 mg/kg IV. Adverse events were manageable. All patients achieved an objective response, with 23 patients (88%) achieving a complete response (CR). All 7 non-sALCL patients achieved a CR.

Finally, it has been recently reported that EATL type 1, but not refractory coeliac disease, strongly expressed CD30 and might benefit from brentuximab vedotin. Since the safety profile of the combination brentuximab vedotin and CHP is known and since the role of etoposide as part of induction regimen is not demonstrated, the investigator will assess the efficacy and toxicity of the combination brentuximab vedotin and CHP followed by HDT/ASCT, as frontline treatment of EATL.
Therapeutic agent with sedative and cerebrovascular-regulating activity contains an alkaloid mixture (the vincamine fraction) obtd. by freeing Vinca minor total alkaloids from the strongly coloured polar alkaloids. The vincamine fraction is easier to isolate than vincamine itself and its compsn. can readily be controlled chromatographically. Toxicity is one-eight of that of the total alkaloid mixture, and the vincamine content (ca. 10%) is twice as high. The pharmacological activity is that of vincamine plus sedative and CNS depressant activity (due to the presence of other alkaloids). Dosage is 50-500 mg./day in divided doses, opt. together with other therapeutic agents.
BACKGROUND: Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) are the two major antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV).
OBJECTIVES: To characterize a homogenous AAV cohort and to assess the impact of clinicopathological profiles and ANCA serotypes on clinical presentation and prognosis. Clinical differences in GPA patients according to ANCA serotype and the diagnostic yield for vasculitis of biopsies in different territories were also investigated.
RESULTS: This retrospective study (2000-2021) included 152 patients with AAV (77 MPA/75 GPA). MPA patients (96.1% myeloperoxidase [MPO]-ANCA and 2.6% proteinase 3 [PR3]-ANCA) presented more often with weight loss, myalgia, renal involvement, interstitial lung disease (ILD), cutaneous purpura, and peripheral nerve involvement. Patients with GPA (44% PR3-ANCA, 33.3% MPO, and 22.7% negative/atypical ANCA) presented more commonly with ear, nose, and throat and eye/orbital manifestations, more relapses, and higher survival than patients with MPA. GPA was the only independent risk factor for relapse. Poor survival predictors were older age at diagnosis and peripheral nerve involvement. ANCA serotypes differentiated clinical features in a lesser degree than clinical phenotypes. A mean of 1.5 biopsies were performed in 93.4% of patients in different territories. Overall, vasculitis was identified in 80.3% (97.3% in MPA and 61.8% in GPA) of patients.
CONCLUSIONS: The identification of GPA presentations associated with MPO-ANCA and awareness of risk factors for relapse and mortality are important to guide proper therapeutic strategies in AAV patients. Biopsies of different affected territories should be pursued in difficult-to-diagnose patients based on their significant diagnostic yield.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cosmetic product effective for further improving the UV-protecting action of titanium dioxide.  <P>SOLUTION: (1) A clay mineral modified with an organic material and (2) fibrous titanium dioxide are included in a cosmetic product. The clay mineral modified with an organic material is preferably hectorite modified with dimethyl distearyl ammonium chloride and the fibrous titanium dioxide preferably has a hollow tubular form. The cosmetic product preferably contains phenoxyethanol and is preferably free from butylparaben. The cosmetic product is preferably summer season cosmetics.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
The study will be an open-labelled randomized clinical trial to determine therapeutic efficacy. Note that this will not be an Investigational New Drug application, as only World Health Organization-approved drugs will be used at dosage and for conditions approved.

Eligible patients willing to participate will first be tested prior to enrolment for their glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) status by the gold standard spectrophotometric analysis. The investigators will exclude from the study any G6PD deficient (or intermediate females) patient. Treatment allocation will be randomized between i) 7 days of artesunate (2 mg/kg/day for 7 days) alone (Arm1), ii) same artesunate regimen + 0.25 mg/kg/day 14 days of primaquine (Arm2) and iii) same artesunate regimen + 0.5 mg/kg/day 14 days of primaquine (Arm3). All patients will be relocated to a no-transmission city to make sure they are not reinfected during the follow-up. Follow-up will be performed every 24-48h for 90 days. At the end of the follow-up period, all patients that did not receive primaquine (arm1) will be treated according to national guidelines (14 days at 0.25mg/kg/day). Patients will additionally be followed monthly for three months after the end of the relocation.
The present invention relates to an anticancer drug and a production technology thereof. The anticancer drug is sulfonamide drugs, such as p-toluenesulfonamide, etc., and solvents(such as polyethylene glycol-400, 1, 2-propanediol, suberic acid, p-toluene sulfonic acid, etc.) and supplementary materials can be added to prepare preparations. The production technology comprises the steps that firstly, the solvents and the supplementary materials are heated and dissolved to form oil liquid, and then, the drugs are added gradually until the drugs are dissolved completely; filtration and chilling are carried out so as to obtain the anticancer drug. Experiments in vitro, in vivo of animals and in vivo of human bodies show that the anticancer drug has broad-spectrum anticancer spectra, and totally has suppression and treatment effects for breast cancers, liver cancers, lung cancers, intestinal cancers, prostatic cancers, etc. The anticancer drug has little adverse reaction. When the anticancer drug is used for medium-term cancer patients and late cancer patients, people can observe that the anticancer drug has good effects in alleviating pain aspects. The anticancer drug has the advantage of simple production technology.
Nowadays, high-resolution transabdominal ultrasounds are widely used, and ultrasound scans for fetal structural abnormalities at the first trimester are indeed possible. First trimester ultrasound scans are important and essential for detecting fetal structural anomalies, and they help provide optimized early antenatal management. However, ultrasound scans, during this period, are more difficult than routine mid-trimester ultrasound scans, as fetal organs are small and experienced operators are needed to use the transducer to obtain informative pictures. Practice guidelines for first trimester fetal ultrasound scans have been provided by the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG) since 2013. Since then, the percentage of complete scans and the high detection rate of fetal structural abnormalities during first trimester ultrasound scans have been reported. From our perspective, ultrasound operators who have different experiences in mid-trimester ultrasound scanning might have equal ability to complete first trimester ultrasound scans using the ISUOG guidelines. The objective of this study is to compare the rate of completed scans regarding fetal structures at the first trimester ultrasound scan between two different levels of proficiency operators.
Acute bronchiolitis is an infection of the lower respiratory tract causing inflammation of the small airways, leading to bronchiolar obstruction. Corticosteroids are frequently prescribed as anti-inflammatory drugs. The usefulness of corticosteroids for this disease remains controversial, despite many randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Recently, a meta-analysis and systemic review showed significant improvement in clinical symptoms, length of hospital stay and duration of symptoms in children with this disease after treatment with various regimens of systemic corticosteroids.

Dexamethasone is a long acting corticosteroid with biologic half-life ranging from 36-72 hours. A single dose of dexamethasone has been the standard recommendation for the treatment of croup which has a similar pathophysiology without evidence of adverse effects. Furthermore, there is no previous report of this single dosage form of dexamethasone for the treatment of acute bronchiolitis in young children.
During the study visit, patients will be delivered dexmedetomidine anesthesia. 0.5mcg/kg of dexmedetomidine solution will be infused over 10 minutes, and then up to 0.5mcg/kg/hr will be maintained for an additional 20-30 minutes.
The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine for treating lumbar disc herniation and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following raw materials by weight: 2 to 8 parts of twotoothed achyranthes root, 2 to 8 parts of dried scorpion, 3 to 9 parts of manchurian wildginger, 25 to 35 parts of processed turtle shell, 8 to 16 parts of cibot rhizome, 10 to 20 parts of gartersnake and 5 to 15 parts of poppy shell. The dosage form of the traditional Chinese medicine is any one selected from the group consisting of a powder, a capsule, a tablet, an oral liquid and a decoction. The preparation method for the powder comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the above-mentioned formula; cleaning and drying the raw materials; then crushing the raw materials into fine powder; carrying out uniform mixing with stirring; and then carrying out disinfection with an ultraviolet lamp. The traditional Chinese medicine is effective in treatment of backache, leg pain and numbness of lower limbs caused by lumbar disc herniation, swelling, etc.; if one has lumbar disc herniation again after healing when one does ass work, the traditional Chinese medicine is still effective and can mitigate pain.
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and an apparatus for recognizing a medical entity in a medical text. In this method, the medical text is segmented into a plurality of words. Each of the words is used as a target word. A local and a global annotation feature of the target word are determined. The local annotation feature includes the target word. The global annotation feature includes a relationship between the target word and the recognized medical entity. Next, a label for the target word is determined from candidate labels based on the local and global annotation feature. Next, a combination relationship between the target word and a previous word of the target word is obtained based on the label for the target word. The combination relationship includes combination and non-combination. Next, the combined words are recognized as the medical entity based on the combination relationship.
PURPOSE: A composition for suppressing Dlk-1 gene expression is provided to suppress cancer cell progression induced by pref-1 expression, and to develop a cell therapeutic agent or an anticancer therapeutic agent using stem cells. CONSTITUTION: A composition for preventing or treating cancer contains an miR-143 nucleic acid molecule as an active ingredient. The molecule contains a base sequence in sequence number 1. The molecule suppresses Dlk-1 gene expression. The composition is used for treating cancer in which pref-1 is overexpressed. The cancer is selected from the group consisting of small cell lung cancer, neuroendocrine tumor, neuroblastoma, glioma, type-1 neurofibromatosis, liver cancer, kidney cancer, ovarian cancer, and acute leukemia. The molecule contains a vector for intracellular expression.
A totally-fused pellet, a process and a device for preparing said pellet, and a paste used in a process for disposing the starting materials are provided. A thin skin (10) of starting materials was spread on a Teflon surface (12) layered on a heat conductive metal base (14). Heat well in excess of the melting temperature of the starting materials, indicated by arrows (16), was then applied to the underside of the heat conductive metal base (14) which was inclined at an angle about 45° to horizontal. In 3 to 5 seconds the skin (10) melted into a clear liquid (18) which beaded and ran down the Teflon surface away from the heat source. The beads of the clear liquid (18) were collected in a vessel (20) away from the heat source. The clear liquid (18) taken was allowed to cool.
Relapse and recurrence following recovery from Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are common and debilitating outcomes that carry enormous social costs \[1-3\]. Our CIHR funded program of research has studied the nature of psychological vulnerability in affective disorder. We have recently identified the activation of a depressive cognitive mode triggered by temporary dysphoric states as a reliable risk marker for depressive relapse \[4, see attached\]. In parallel, functional imaging studies have increased our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying normative affective responses \[5\] and have begun to examine their dysregulation in affective disorder \[6-8\]. Our research has identified potential brain biomarkers that predict episode relapse in unipolar depression. However, it remains unknown how these potential biomarkers are related to dysphoria-triggered information processing modes that also predict relapse, and whether these neurocognitive vulnerabilities are amenable to intervention, resulting in more lasting prophylaxis. The present proposal employs a cognitive neuroscience approach to examine whether our previously identified neural markers of depression relapse and prophylaxis are associated with a dysphoric information processing mode. In particular, we will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and behavioural probes to undertake a finely tuned examination of mood linked biases in attention toward dysphoric stimulus events (i.e., sad faces) to link our previously identified neural markers with a specific information processing mode. Further, our preliminary data presented here demonstrate a correlation between these mood linked neural markers and relapse, but we cannot demonstrate that these markers are causally related to relapse or prophylaxis. To address this, we will examine whether these markers and associated dysphoric attentional biases are 1) modifiable via attentional training designed to overcome reflexive modes of thought and perception and 2) are predictive of relapse status across an 24-month prospective follow up of treated patients. This research will elucidate the neural and information processing correlates that may signal relapse risk in recovered depressed patients. This knowledge will increase our limited understanding of the mechanisms underlying enduring depressive relapse vulnerability as well as assess potentially efficient strategies for relapse prophylaxis.
Eligible patients will be recruited from Northwestern Medicine's Department of Radiation Oncology and Northwestern Memorial Hospital. Participants will complete an online questionnaire prior to beginning the intervention. Following implementation pre-testing, the intervention will begin on Week 2 of radiation therapy and last 4 weeks. Upon arrival for their treatment visit, they will receive the audio program from the clinic staff. They will start the program prior to their treatment. Participants will be asked to listen to the audio-program during their radiation treatment visits, using a Bluetooth-enabled MP3 player with speaker instead of headphones or earbuds because they are not permitted during radiation therapy. The patient's ears need to be free to hear a possible communication from the radiation therapists if need be. Audio program recordings will run 3-12 minutes. Participants will turn off the program after their audio session has ended and return the audio program to the clinic staff after their treatment visit. Participants will complete an online question immediately after completing the intervention, and again 1 and 3 months later.