anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Participants will receive a single dose ponesimod 2 milligram (mg) oral tablet under fed conditions on Day 1. Participants not fulfilling discontinuation criteria can continue to Treatment Period 2 after a washout period of at least 7 days and a maximum of 14 days.
Provided is a preparation method for indapamide microsphere sustained release capsules. The indapamide microsphere sustained release capsules, especially contents, are formed by microsphere of gastrointestinal tract release medicine manufactured by indapamide and high polymer materials with high potential of hydrogen (pH) dependency. The high polymer materials comprise polyacrylate E-100, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalic ester HP-55 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose succinate HAS which are respectively manufactured into stomach dissolving microsphere, intestines dissolving microshpere and colon dissolving microsphere with the indapamide. All microspheres are combined into particle dispersing capsules according to weight parts. After taken, medicine is released in the stomach and intestines according to pH gradient, blood concentration is stable, sustained release is achieved, medicine in the microsphere is highly dispersed and dissolved out to be completely absorbed, and biological utilization of oral medicine is improved. The medicine microsphere is simple in the preparation method and equipment and suitable for industrialization.
Candida albicans is the primary species causing oral candidiasis. Its increasing drug resistance drives the search for more effective antifungal agents. Therefore, we assessed toxicological parameters and the antimicrobial activity and mechanisms of action of the monoterpene (-)-fenchone against oral C. albicans. We conducted an in silico study using PASS online and AdmetSAR, followed by evaluation of antifungal activity through Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC), association study with miconazole, and assays with sorbitol and ergosterol. Inhibition of biofilm formation and disruption of preformed biofilm were considered. Toxicity was also assessed through hemolysis assay. The in silico study revealed a higher likelihood of the compound being active for antifungal activity, as well as promising pharmacokinetic and toxicity characteristics. Subsequently, (-)-fenchone exhibited predominantly fungicidal activity (MIC90 = 8 μg/mL; MFC = 16 μg/mL), including against miconazole-resistant C. albicans isolates. The substance does not appear to act by damaging the fungal cell wall or plasma membrane, and exhibited synergy with miconazole. There was activity in inhibiting biofilm formation but not in disrupting preformed biofilm. Finally, the product exerted low hemolytic activity at more than MIC×10. Based on these results, (-)-fenchone may represent a promising therapeutic alternative for oral candidiasis.
Colorectal cancer is a prevalent malignancy with global significance. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the influence of stage and tumor site on survival outcomes in 284 colorectal cancer patients diagnosed between 2001 and 2017. Patients were categorized into four groups based on tumor site (colon and rectum) and disease stage (early stage and advanced stage). Demographic characteristics, treatment modalities, and survival outcomes were recorded. Bayesian survival modeling was performed using semi-competing risks illness-death models with an accelerated failure time (AFT) approach, utilizing R 4.1 software. Results demonstrated significantly higher time ratios for disease recurrence (TR = 1.712, 95% CI 1.489-2.197), mortality without recurrence (TR = 1.933, 1.480-2.510), and mortality after recurrence (TR = 1.847, 1.147-2.178) in early-stage colon cancer compared to early-stage rectal cancer. Furthermore, patients with advanced-stage rectal cancer exhibited shorter survival times for disease recurrence than patients with early-stage colon cancer. The interaction effect between the disease site and cancer stage was not significant. These findings, derived from the optimal Bayesian log-normal model for terminal and non-terminal events, highlight the importance of early detection and effective management strategies for colon cancer. Early-stage colon cancer demonstrated improved survival rates for disease recurrence, mortality without recurrence, and mortality after recurrence compared to other stages. Early intervention and comprehensive care are crucial to enhance prognosis and minimize adverse events in colon cancer patients.
High-field MRI of the equine stifle provides high-resolution information about soft tissues that is useful in the diagnosis of stifle lameness. The aim of this prospective anatomic study was to describe the appearance, position, size, and shape of the equine femorotibial ligaments, meniscal ligaments, and menisci using 3 Tesla MRI under extended, extended-loaded, and flexed conditions. Additionally, histologic examination of the collateral and cruciate ligaments (CLs) of a single stifle was performed to compare with MRI images. In extension, mild variations in MRI signal intensity were apparent in the CLs, and the cranial had two distinct longitudinal regions indicating two ligament bundles. Flexion had minor effects on CL signal intensity and altered the tibial angles of attachment. Histology indicated that both CLs were comprised of two fiber bundles. The collateral ligaments were the same low-signal intensity. The medial collateral ligament had a smaller cross-sectional area than the lateral, and flexion increased the length of the medial collateral ligament and the cross-sectional area of the lateral. Low loads in extension did not affect the MRI appearance of stifle soft tissues. Flexion of the stifle impacted cruciate ligament insertion angles and the size and shape of collateral ligaments. This study provides support for the use of MRI to understand the anatomy and function of stifle ligaments.
Patients will be randomly allocated to two groups by using a computer-generated random number chart: Kristeller maneuver intervention (study) group (n=140) and control group (n=140). Umbilical artery blood gas will obtained to assess the newborn's acid-base status. The umbilical artery levels of creatinine kinase, creatinine kinase with myocardial specific isoform, aspartate amino transferase, alanine amino transferase, lactate dehydrogenase and lactic acid will be measured. Length of episiotomy and length of vagina will be measured at 45 degrees from the midline. Each patient's vaginal laceration, cervical laceration, length of episiotomy and vagina before and after delivery and duration of the second stage of labor in minutes will be recorded. Neonatal information will include: infant birth weight, apgar scores, babies requiring pediatric help, and admission of neonatal intensive care units.
Autologous fat transfer (AFT) is a medical procedure that includes aspirating adipose tissue from one part of the body, and washing, filtering and re-injecting the processed fat tissue into a different part of the body with the primary purpose of adding volume. The AuraGen1-2-3 with AuraClens Lipoaspirate Wash System is designed to be used in the operating room in conjunction with a user-provided liposuction cannular, a vacuum source, and waste canister. The study population will consist of up to 200 subjects in (2) cohorts: 100 subjects undergoing breast reconstruction and 100 subjects undergoing breast augmentation. All subjects will receive autologous lipoaspirate processed with the A123+ AuraClens and will be followed post-procedure at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-months. Fat graft retention will be evaluated with 3D imaging using the Canfield Vectra XT imaging system. Patient satisfaction will be measured between baseline and the post-procedure follow-up visits using a breast satisfaction questionnaire.
Microneedle devices are provided for transport of therapeutic and biological molecules across tissue barriers. In a preferred embodiment, the microneedle devices permit drug delivery (or removal or sensing of body fluids) at clinically relevant rates across skin or other tissue barriers, without damage, pain, or irritation to the tissue. Methods of making these devices, which can include hollow and/or porous microneedles, are also provided. A preferred method for making a microneedle includes forming a micromold having sidewalls which define the outer surface of the microneedle, electroplating the sidewalls to form the hollow microneedle, and then removing the micromold from the microneedle. In a preferred method of use, the microneedle device is used to deliver fluid material into or across a biological barrier from one or more chambers in fluid connection with at least one of the microneedles. The device preferably further includes a means for controlling the flow of material through the microneedles. Representative examples of these means include the use of permeable membranes, fracturable impermeable membranes, valves, and pumps.
DaRT source will be inserted using preplanned radiotherapy parameters and reassessed by volumetric imaging 2-3 weeks after placement and then removed. Tumor response to DaRT will be assessed periodically 3 months after removal.
Isoprenyl cysteine carboxyl methyltransferase (ICMT) catalyzes the last step of the prenylation pathway. Previously, we found that high ICMT levels enhance tumorigenesis in vivo and that its expression is repressed by the p53 tumor suppressor. Based on evidence suggesting that some ICMT substrates affect invasive traits, we wondered if this enzyme may promote metastasis. In this work, we found that ICMT overexpression enhanced lung metastasis in vivo. Accordingly, ICMT overexpression also promoted cellular functions associated with aggressive phenotypes such as migration and invasion in vitro. Considering that some ICMT substrates are involved in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton, we hypothesized that actin-rich structures, associated with invasion and metastasis, may be affected. Our findings revealed that ICMT enhanced the formation of invadopodia. Additionally, by analyzing cancer patient databases, we found that ICMT is overexpressed in several tumor types. Furthermore, the concurrent expression of ICMT and CTTN, which encodes a crucial component of invadopodia, showed a significant correlation with clinical outcome. In summary, our work identifies ICMT overexpression as a relevant alteration in human cancer that promotes the development of metastatic tumors.
Isometric exercises of the abdominal muscles in the supine, prone, and squatting positions; isotonic exercises in the supine, prone, squatting, and side-lying positions; isotonic exercises in coordination with the extremity movements in the supine, prone, and crawling positions; and trunk rotation exercises in the sitting position will be performed. The Swiss ball will be used for dynamic exercises. It will include isometric and isotonic exercises of the abdominal muscles. Exercises will start with 3 sets of 20 repetitions, gradually increase in intensity on static and dynamic surfaces, and progress towards difficulty. Each exercise will be performed in coordination with breathing control.Breathing control will be coordinated with every exercise.
For the conventional therapy group, participants will receive the occupational therapy including dynamic balance training and functional ambulatory training. Each session is 10 minutes.
Subjects in Group B will receive equal amount of distilled water as placebo (i.e. 3 drops to \<1yr age and 5 drops to \>1 yr.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hair-washing agent composition which gives the advantage of the compounding of an amino acid type surfactant, can dissolve its defect of weak foamability, and improves the strength of hair.  <P>SOLUTION: This hair-washing agent composition comprises the following component (A): an alicyclic polyol, and the following component (B): an amino acid type surfactant. The component (A) is especially preferably inositol as the alicyclic polyol. The component (B) is especially preferably an anionic amino acid type surfactant as the amino acid type surfactant. A hair-treating method is characterized by applying the hair-washing agent composition to damaged hair.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Second series of patients (10 pts) will be assigned to the Chronic Exercise Protocol Group (CEP Group). The chronic program consists in a walking session on a treadmill lasting 80 minutes (depending on the AEP results), repeated three time a week for three weeks. The walking intensity will be defined during a treadmill test performedbefore the beginning of the exercise program. Each exercise session will beginwith a 10-minute warm-up at the patient's self selected comfortable speed. On the ending of warm up, patients will increase treadmill speed until reaching target HRR zone.Then the treadmill speed will be maintained stable throughout the exercise session. The first training session will be organized in hospital with supervision of research staff. Cardiac workload will be monitored by a Sport-watch (Garmin Forerunner) and walking biomechanics by a foot sensor (Garmin Running Dynamic Pod Sensore).
approximately 20% of patients taking first generation proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are taking more than the standard approved dose. This dosing is required to attain adequate control of the gastric and intraesophageal pH in order to affect the desired clinical improvement. It is recognized that the b.i.d dosing strategy increases the intragastric pH control of \<4 from approximately 12 hours to almost 16 hours. The refinement of the S isomer of omeprazole (Nexium)has led to a way to more effectively control acid exposure. Comparative trials with all the PPIs have shown significantly greater pH control of \<4 and head to head comparisons as well as a recent crossover study. One study suggests that Nexium dosing contains approximately 16.5 hours of a pH control of \<4. Conceivably, this duration of pH control suggests that b.i.d. dosing of other PPIs might be avoided. Furthermore, it suggests that patients currently taking b.i.d. PPIs might be successful candidates for conversion to q.d. Nexium. This would provide a considerable cost implication to health care plans and for patients who are responsible for paying for their PPI therapy. To date, esomeprazole has not been studied in comparison to b.i.d. dosing with other PPIs. There is pharmacologic evidence to suggest, however, that it is comparable. In this proposed study, we believe that by beginning with patients who were well controlled should make for a cleaner definition and a higher likelihood to demonstrate efficacy.
The International Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Reference Center launches annual global HPV genotyping proficiency panels to enhance the precision and international standardization of HPV genotyping services. This study aims to assess the proficiency levels achieved in the global HPV genotyping proficiency panels conducted in 2022 and 2023, and to evaluate trends in performance over time. The proficiency panels comprised 44 blinded samples each, including 40 samples containing various purified plasmids corresponding to HPV types combined with human DNA, plus four control samples (one negative control and three extraction controls). Proficiency required a sensitivity of 50 International Units (IU)/5 µL for HPV 16 and HPV 18 500 IU/5 µL for HPVs 6, 11, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58 and 500 genome equivalents (GE)/5 µL for other HPV types in both single and multiple infections, while avoiding false positivity. In 2022, 78 laboratories submitted a total of 154 data sets, and in 2023, 81 laboratories contributed 141 data sets. Most data sets (87%, 258/295) utilized commercially available HPV assays. Proficiency was common, with 77% of data sets meeting the proficiency criteria in 2022 and 79% in 2023. False positive results significantly decreased from 22% in 2022 to 13% in 2023. The high proficiency and increasing specificity in HPV genotyping services indicates progress toward more reliable HPV testing. High accuracy is crucial for supporting global efforts in HPV and cervical cancer elimination.
Waitlist control subjects interested in learning the TM program will be asked to wait for 4 months before learning if they were randomly assigned to this comparison group. Controls will receive usual medical care during 4 month intervention period.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection continues to pose significant global health challenges, necessitating advancements in diagnostic and prognostic approaches to optimize disease management. While primarily recognized for their roles in allergic responses, mast cells have emerged as potential markers with diagnostic and prognostic significance in the context of HIV/AIDS. This paper aims to synthesize current insights and delineate future directions regarding the utility of mast cell markers in diagnosing HIV infection, predicting disease progression, and guiding therapeutic strategies. Mast cells, equipped with distinct markers such as tryptase, chymase, carboxypeptidase A3, and c-kit/CD117 receptors, exhibit tissue-specific expression patterns that offer potential as diagnostic indicators for HIV infection. Understanding the dynamics of these markers in different tissues and body fluids holds promise for accurate HIV diagnosis, disease staging, and monitoring treatment responses. Moreover, the prognostic significance of mast cell markers in HIV/AIDS lies in their potential to predict disease progression, immune dysregulation, and clinical outcomes. The integration of mast cell markers into clinical applications offers promising avenues for refining diagnostic assays, patient monitoring protocols, and therapeutic strategies in HIV/AIDS. Future research directions involve the development of novel diagnostic tools and targeted therapies based on mast cell-specific markers, potentially revolutionizing clinical practice and enhancing patient care in the management of HIV/AIDS. Continued investigations into mast cell markers' diagnostic and prognostic implications hold immense potential to advance our understanding and improve outcomes in HIV/AIDS management.
This is an imaging study designed to illuminate the functioning of the cholinergic system in people with Parkinson's disease. Some people with Parkinson's disease develop trouble with certain aspects of thinking such as memory. Studies have shown an association between a decline in thinking skills and dysfunction of the cholinergic system. This study will use the novel PET tracer \[18F\]VAT to provide more specific information about how the cholinergic system works by enabling direct measurement of cholinergic terminal density and projections. The hypothesis of this study is that there will be an association between cholinergic terminal density, sex hormones, and cognitive functioning. This is a longitudinal observational study that involves a screening visit and four study visits over the course of 18 months. The visits consist of neurocognitive assessments and imaging (MRI and PET scans) administered at baseline and at 18 months follow-up. Hormone levels will also be measured at baseline. This study is open to people with Parkinson's disease who have either normal cognition or mild cognitive impairment.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin condition with intense pruritus, eczema, and dry skin. The recurrent intense pruritus and numerous complications in patients with AD can profoundly affect their quality of life. Obesity is one of its comorbidities that has been confirmed to be the hazard factor of AD and also worsen its severity. Nevertheless, the specific mechanisms that explain the connection between obesity and AD remain incompletely recognized. Recent studies have built hopes on various adipokines to explain this connection. Adipokines, which are disturbed by an obese state, may lead to immune system imbalances in people with AD and promote the development of the disease. This review focuses on the abnormal expression patterns of adipokines in patients with AD and their potential regulatory molecular mechanisms associated with AD. The connection between AD and obesity is elucidated through the involvement of adipokines. This conduces to the in-depth exploration of AD pathogenesis and provides a new perspective to develop therapeutic targets.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Available evidence on infant body composition is limited. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with body composition at 6 and 24 months.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Multicenter study with data from a 0 to 6-mo cohort (Australia, India and South Africa) and a 3 to 24-mo cohort (Brazil, Pakistan, South Africa, and Sri Lanka). For the 0-6-mo cohort, body composition was assessed by air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) and for the 3-24-month cohort by the deuterium dilution (DD) technique. Fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), FM index (FMI), and FFM index (FFMI) were calculated. Independent variables comprised the Gini index of the country, maternal and infant characteristics, and breastfeeding pattern at 3 months. For the 3-24-mo cohort, breastfeeding, and minimum dietary diversity (MDD) at 12 months were also included. Crude and adjusted analyses stratified by sex were conducted by multilevel modelling using mixed models.
RESULTS: At 6 months, every 1 kg increase in birth weight was associated with an increase of 0.716 kg in FFM and 0.582 kg/m2 in FFMI in girls, whereas in boys, the increase was of 0.277 kg in FFM. At 24 months, compared to those weaned before 12 months, girls still breastfed at 12 months presented a decrease of 0.225 kg in FM, 0.645 kg in FFM and 0.459 kg/m2 in FFMI, and in boys the decreases were of 0.467 kg in FM, 0.603 kg in FFM and 0.628 kg/m2 in FFMI.
CONCLUSION: Birth weight and breastfeeding are independent predictors of body composition in early life, irrespective of sex.
Prolonged opioid usage after orthopaedic surgery is an important consideration for both the opioid epidemic and postoperative outcomes. The investigators have developed a multimodal pain control regimen designed to decrease or even potentially eliminate the need for opioids after an orthopedic procedure. This is a prospective double blinded randomized controlled trial utilizing a multimodal pain regimen consisting of education and our standard multimodal pain control regimen. Then, the plan is to randomize patients to receive either encapsulated opioids or placebo. The team will assess patient's pain levels, satisfaction, opioid usage, side effects, patient reported outcomes, and complications. This study will serve as a foundation for future opioid-free surgeries and investigations, while helping to identify patients and factors at risk for prolonged opioid usage postoperatively.