anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Cohorts of subjects with advanced solid tumors will receive increasing doses (10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 120, 160, or 200 mg) of SM08502, administered orally, once daily, following 28-day treatment cycles. If the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is not determined at the 200 mg dose, dosing will continue at 50 mg/dose increments until an MTD is determined. Cohorts will include approximately 1 to 6 subjects according to an accelerated escalation design and safety requirements for expansion of subject numbers. For the purpose of dose escalation and de-escalation, the dose of SM08502 and regimen may be modified based on the type of dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) observed and following data review and discussions between the Sponsor and Investigators.
An insulation medium invention includes a plurality of microspheres. Each microsphere comprises a porous core comprising a porous core material and having an exterior surface, a gas within the porous core, and a coating layer coating all of the exterior surface of the porous core. The coating layer comprises a coating material which transitions from a first state to a second state. In the first state, the coating material is permeable to the gas. In the second state the material is impermeable to the gas. The coating material in the second state is configured to encapsulate and maintain partial vacuum of the gas inside the porous core. In one embodiment, in the second state the coating is impermeable to air. Insulated structures, a method of making an insulation medium, a fluid storage media, and a method of delivering a fluid are also disclosed.
Absorption of isosorbide dinitrate after oral dosing is nearly complete, but bioavailability is highly variable (10% to 90%), with extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. Serum levels reach their maxima about an hour after ingestion. The average bioavailability of ISDN is about 25%; most studies have observed progressive increases in bioavailability during chronic therapy.

Once absorbed, the volume of distribution of isosorbide dinitrate is 2 to 4 L/kg, and this volume is cleared at the rate of 2 to 4 L/min, so ISDN’s half-life in serum is about an hour. Since the clearance exceeds hepatic blood flow, considerable extra hepatic metabolism must also occur. Clearance is affected primarily by denitration to the 2-mononitrate (15 to 25%) and the 5-mononitrate (75 to 85%).

Both metabolites have biological activity, especially the 5-mononitrate. With an overall half-life of about 5 hours, the 5-mononitrate is cleared from the serum by denitration to isosorbide, glucuronidation to the 5-mononitrate glucuronide, and denitration/hydration to sorbitol. The 2-mononitrate has been less well studied, but it appears to participate in the same metabolic pathways, with a half-life of about 2 hours.

The daily dose-free interval sufficient to avoid tolerance to organic nitrates has not been well defined. Studies of nitroglycerin (an organic nitrate with a very short half-life) have shown that daily dose-free intervals of 10 to 12 hours are usually sufficient to minimize tolerance. Daily dose-free intervals that have succeeded in avoiding tolerance during trials of moderate doses (e.g., 30 mg) of immediate-release ISDN have generally been somewhat longer (at least 14 hours), but this is consistent with the longer half-lives of ISDN and its active metabolites.

Few well-controlled clinical trials of organic nitrates have been designed to detect rebound or withdrawal effects. In one such trial, however, subjects receiving nitroglycerin had less exercise tolerance at the end of the daily dose-free interval than the parallel group receiving placebo. The incidence, magnitude, and clinical significance of similar phenomena in patients receiving ISDN have not been studied.
BACKGROUND: Acupuncture stands out as a prominent complementary and alternative medicine therapy employed for functional dyspepsia (FD). We conducted a Bayesian meta-analysis to ascertain both the relative effectiveness and safety of various acupuncture methods in the treatment of functional dyspepsia.
METHODS: We systematically searched eight electronic databases, spanning from their inception to April 2023. The eligibility criteria included randomized controlled trials investigating acupuncture treatments for FD. Study appraisal was conducted using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Pairwise and network meta-analyses were conducted using RevMan 5.3 and ADDIS V.1.16.6 software. Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed to compare and rank the efficacy of different acupuncture therapies for FD symptoms.
RESULTS: This study found that combining different acupuncture methods or using acupuncture in conjunction with Western medicine is more effective in improving symptoms of functional dyspepsia compared to using Western medicine alone. According to the comprehensive analysis results, notably, the combination of Western medicine and acupuncture exhibited superior efficacy in alleviating early satiation and postprandial fullness symptoms. For ameliorating epigastric pain, acupuncture combined with moxibustion proved to be the most effective treatment, while moxibustion emerged as the optimal choice for addressing burning sensations. Warming needle was identified as the preferred method for promoting motilin levels.
CONCLUSION: The findings of this study demonstrate that acupuncture, both independently and in conjunction with other modalities, emerged as a secure and effective treatment option for patients with functional dyspepsia.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To decrease medical mis-treatments and to enable safe and efficient medical treatment by relating and recording instructions regarding medical treatments and implementation reports on the instructions. SOLUTION: A physician starts a client computer 2, selects a patient in a hospital ward to which an instruction is to be sent, and inputs medical treatment items and instruction contents on a keyboard, etc. The instruction contents are sent to a server computer 1, and recorded on a hard disk, a floppy disk, etc., by patients and the departments of medical treatment items. Staff of the respective departments in charge starts the client computers 2 to select treatment items that they are put in charge of, specifies the patients in patient lists and inputs implementation contents, and then depresses report buttons. The implementation contents are sent to the server computer 2, classified by the patients and departments, and recorded on a hard disk, etc.  The instruction data and implementation data from physician are rearranged and recorded in a RAM 5 of the server computer 2, and they are related to constitute relating recording files by the patients and departments.
Safety and effectiveness have not been established in pediatric patients.

Renal rickets and growth retardation in pediatric patients treated with ifosfamide have been reported.

Ifosfamide for Injection may cause temporary or permanent infertility in prepubertal girls or in females of child-bearing potential and may have an increased risk of developing premature menopause.

Ifosfamide for Injection may cause abnormal secondary sexual characteristic development in prepubertal males. Sterility, azoospermia, and testicular atrophy have been reported in male patients. Azoospermia may be reversible in some patients, but may not occur for several years after cessation of Ifosfamide for Injection therapy.
To identify genetic influences on subfoveal choroidal thickness of older adults using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). We recruited 300 participants from the population-based Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging (KLoSHA) and Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia (KLOSCAD) cohort studies and 500 participants from the Bundang age-related macular degeneration (AMD) cohort study dataset. We conducted a GWAS on older adult populations in the KLoSHA and KLOSCAD cohorts. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with choroidal thickness were identified with P values < 1.0 × 10-4 in both the right and left eyes, followed by validation using the Bundang AMD cohort dataset. This association was further confirmed by a functional in vitro study using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The ages of the cohort participants in the discovery and validation datasets were 73.5 ± 3.3 and 71.3 ± 7.9 years, respectively. In the discovery dataset, three SNPs (rs1916762, rs7587019, and rs13320098) were significantly associated with choroidal thickness in both eyes. This association was confirmed for rs1916762 (genotypes GG, GA, and AA) and rs7587019 (genotypes GG, GA, and AA), but not for rs13320098. The mean choroidal thickness decreased by 56.7 μm (AA, 73.8%) and 31.1 μm (GA, 85.6%) compared with that of the GG genotype of rs1916762, and by 55.4 μm (AA, 74.2%) and 28.2 μm (GA, 86.7%) compared with that of the GG genotype of rs7587019. The SNPs rs1916762 and rs7587019 were located close to the FAM124B gene near its cis-regulatory region. Moreover, FAM124B was highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells. In vitro HUVEC experiments showed that the inhibition of FAM124B was associated with decreased vascular endothelial proliferation, suggesting a potential mechanism of choroidal thinning. FAM124B was identified as a susceptibility gene affecting subfoveal choroidal thickness in older adults. This gene may be involved in mechanisms underlying retinal diseases associated with altered choroidal thickness, such as age-related macular degeneration.
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported the link between hypoxic conditions and NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pulpal inflammation in the progression of pulpitis. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the role of HIF-1α in the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome pathway via NF-κB signaling under hypoxic conditions with or without LPS in human dental pulp fibroblasts (HDPFs) during the progression of pulpitis.
METHODS: HIF-1α plasmids or siRNAs were used to upregulate or downregulate HIF-1α in HDPFs, respectively. The effect of hypoxia with or without LPS on the NF-κB signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome pathway was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining, qRT-PCR, western blotting and ELISA.
RESULTS: The hypoxic conditions alone induced ASC oligomerization and NLRP3/CASP1 inflammasome pathway activation via NF-κB signaling in a time-dependent manner in HDPFs. The upregulation of HIF-1α further promoted hypoxia-induced ASC oligomerization and NLRP3/CASP1 inflammasome pathway activation via NF-κB signaling compared to the hypoxia-induced group. In comparison, downregulation of HIF-1α inhibited ASC oligomerization and NLRP3/CASP1 inflammasome pathway activation via NF-κB signaling compared to the hypoxia-induced group. Additionally, LPS plus hypoxia further promoted HIF-1α expression and NLRP3/ASC/CASP1 inflammasome pathway activation via NF-κB signaling compared to the hypoxia-induced group.
CONCLUSIONS: HIF-1α served as a positive regulator of NLRP3/ASC/CASP1 inflammasome pathway activation via NF-κB signaling in HDPFs in the sterile pulpal inflammation and caries-related pulpitis microenvironment. The finding of a novel functional HIF-1α-NF-κB-NLRP3 axis provides insight into the link between the hypoxic microenvironment and pulpal inflammation, thus supporting a promising therapeutic strategy for the control of pulpal inflammation.
Participants with RRMM who received at least one dose of teclistamab outside of clinical trials on or before 31 December 2022 will be enrolled in the study. The data available from the medical records of each enrolled participant will be the collected to describe the use of teclistamab.
The best use of opioid analgesics in the management of chronic malignant and non-malignant pain is challenging, and is well described in materials published by the World Health Organization and the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research which are available from Alpharma Pharmaceuticals LLC upon request. Morphine sulfate extended-release capsules, USP are a third step drug which is most useful when the patient requires a constant level of opioid analgesia as a "floor" or "platform" from which to manage breakthrough pain. When a patient has reached the point where comfort cannot be provided with a combination of non-opioid medications (NSAIDs and acetaminophen) and intermittent use of moderate or strong opioids, the patient's total opioid therapy should be converted into a 24 hour oral morphine equivalent.

Morphine sulfate extended-release capsules should be started by administering one-half of the estimated total daily oral morphine dose every 12 hours (twice-a-day) or by administering the total daily oral morphine dose every 24 hours (once-a-day). The dose should be titrated no more frequently than every-other-day to allow the patients to stabilize before escalating the dose. If breakthrough pain occurs, the dose may be supplemented with a small dose (less than 20% of the total daily dose) of a short-acting analgesic. Patients who are excessively sedated after a once-a-day dose or who regularly experience inadequate analgesia before the next dose should be switched to twice-a-day dosing.

Patients who do not have a proven tolerance to opioids should be started only on the 10 mg or 20 mg strength, and usually should be increased at a rate not greater than 20 mg every-other-day. Most patients will rapidly develop some degree of tolerance, requiring dosage adjustment until they have achieved their individual best balance between baseline analgesia and opioid side effects such as confusion, sedation and constipation. No guidance can be given as to the recommended maximal dose, especially in patients with chronic pain of malignancy. In such cases the total dose of morphine sulfate extended-release capsules should be advanced until the desired therapeutic endpoint is reached or clinically significant opioid-related adverse reactions intervene.
The present invention provides a method and apparatus for deterring pets or other animals from biting or chewing into medication containers. In some embodiments, the invention consists of two or more conductive metal sheets or strips in layers around the side of the container, which are wired to complete a circuit when pressed by the force of an animal's bite or touched by an animal's tongue. In some embodiments, the sheets or strips are spaced or held apart so that a normal human grip would not have sufficient force to complete the circuit. In some embodiments, the device slides onto the medication container with a friction fit, and is removable for use on future containers. In some embodiments, the circuit includes a battery-powered alarm to deter the animal. In other embodiments, the circuit delivers a mild electrical shock to the animal's mouth or tongue through the metal strips or sheets.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid composition which becomes less sticky and slimy when used as cleansing cosmetics and the like.SOLUTION: The invention provides a liquid composition which fulfills the following conditions. (a) A silicone represented by the following general formula (1) is contained, and the content is 30 mass% or more of the entire oily component. (b) A nonionic surfactant which is liquid at normal temperature is contained. (c) The content ratio (mass ratio) of the oily component and the surfactant is 10:90-90:10. (Ris each independently H or an alkyl group of C1-3; Ris each independently H, an alkyl group of C1-8, or a phenyl group; Ris H, an alkyl group of C1-3, a phenyl group, or a trimethylsiloxy group; m and n are each independently integers of 0-2230, and 0<m+n≤2230.)SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
The release kinetics of PDGF-BB will be assessed for one PRF preparation from each of the six individual participants and one GEM 21S sample. The quantification will be performed at 60 minutes, 8 hours, 1 day, 3 days, and 10 days. The samples will each be placed in a cell incubator at 37°C to allow for growth factor release into a phosphate-buffered saline. At each desired time point assessment, 2 ml of the sample will be collected, frozen, and replaced with 2 ml of additional phosphate-buffered saline. The protein quantification will be carried out using ELISA assay according to manufacturer's protocol.
WARNINGS

This allergenic product is intended for use by physicians who are experienced in the administration of allergenic extracts and the emergency care of anaphylaxis, or for use under the guidance of an allergy specialist.   
Standardized Cat Hair Extract is not directly interchangeable with Standardized Cat Pelt Extract or Cat Extracts labeled in Allergy Units (AU/mL) The initial dose must be based on skin testing as described in the dosage and administration section of this insert. Patients being switched from other types of cat extracts to Standardized Cat Hair Extract should be started as though they were coming under treatment for the first time Patients should be instructed to recognize adverse reaction symptoms and cautioned to contact the physicians office if reaction symptoms occur. As with all allergenic extracts, severe systemic reactions may occur. In certain individuals these reactions may result in death. Patients should be observed for at least 20 minutes following treatment and emergency measures as well as personnel trained in their use should be immediately available in the event of a life threatening reaction.   
This product should not be injected intravenously (see Dosage and Administration). Refer also to the warnings, precautions, adverse reactions and overdosage sections below.   
Serious adverse reactions to this product should be reported to MEDWATCH, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, MD 20852-9787. Telephone 1-800-822-7967 or www.vaers.hhs.gov.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine for treating amenorrhea of a phlegm stagnation type. The traditional Chinese medicine is characterized by being prepared from the following medicinal materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of snakeroot, 12 parts of aleuritopteris argentea fee, 20 parts of rubus idaeus, 20 parts of Indian rorippa herb, 20 parts of root of Rosa bracteata J.C. Wendl., 20 parts of root of euonymus japonicas, 10 parts of impatiens balsamina, 25 parts of solanum japonense nakai, 25 parts of Schisandra henryi Clarkevar.yun-nanensis A.C.Smith, 8 parts of licorice root, 4 parts of callosciurus erythraeus powder, 10 parts of Kunmingshan crab apple extract, 20 parts of persicaria hydropiper, 20 parts of ficus lyrata and 25 parts of poria cocos. The traditional Chinese medicine obtained by virtue of the synergy of the medicinal materials in a mutual matching manner has the functions of eliminating phlegm and expelling damp, regulating qi and activating blood to promote menstruation. Thus, the amenorrhea of a phlegm stagnation type can be effectively treated. After the traditional Chinese medicine is taken by 50 patients for years, the result shows that the effective rate of the traditional Chinese medicine can reach 96%.
An orodispersible solid pharmaceutical dosage unit having a weight between 30 and 1,000 mg is disclosed. The dosage unit comprises (a) 0.1-25 wt. % of estetrol particles containing at least 80 wt. % of an estetrol component selected from estetrol, estetrol esters and combinations thereof; and (b) 75-99.9 wt. % of one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. The solid dosage unit comprises at least 100 μg of the estetrol component and can be obtained by a process that comprises compressing a dry blend of estetrol particles and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients into a solid dosage unit. The solid dosage unit is easy to manufacture and suited for sublingual, buccal or sublabial administration.
A computer-assisted surgery system comprises a first surgical device with a tracking unit tracked during a surgical procedure and adapted to perform a first function associated to the surgical procedure. A second surgical device is adapted to perform a second function associated to the surgical procedure. A triggered unit is triggered when the first surgical device and the second surgical device reach a predetermined proximity relation. A surgical procedure processing unit tracks the first surgical device. A trigger detector detects a triggering of the triggered unit. A CAS application operates steps of a surgical procedure. A controller commands the CAS application to activate a selected step associated with the second function in the surgical procedure when the trigger detector signals a detection. An interface displays information about the selected step in the surgical procedure.
OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the response rates in patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with high-dose fluorouracil (5-FU) with vs without high-dose leucovorin (CF) vs high-dose 5-FU/CF/cisplatin. II. Determine the toxic effects of these regimens in these patients. III. Assess the symptomatic improvement in these patients treated with these regimens.

OUTLINE: This is a randomized, multicenter study. Patients are stratified according to participating center, WHO performance status (0 or 1 vs 2), and disease stage (metastatic vs locally advanced). Patients are randomized to 1 of 3 treatment arms. Arm I: Patients receive fluorouracil (5-FU) IV over 24 hours weekly for 6 weeks. Arm II: Patients receive leucovorin calcium (CF) IV over 2 hours followed by 5-FU IV over 24 hours weekly for 6 weeks. Arm III: Patients receive CF and 5-FU as in arm II and cisplatin IV over 1 hour on days 1, 15, and 29. Treatment repeats every 7 weeks for a maximum of 4 courses in the absence of unacceptable toxicity or disease progression. Patients are followed every 8 weeks.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 65-135 patients (21-45 per arm) will be accrued for this study.
AUGTYRO can cause hyperuricemia.

Among the 426 patients treated with AUGTYRO, 21 patients (5%) experienced hyperuricemia reported as an adverse reaction and 0.7% of patients experienced Grade 3 or 4 hyperuricemia. One patient without pre-existing gout required urate-lowering medication. 

Monitor serum uric acid levels prior to initiating AUGTYRO and periodically during treatment. Initiate treatment with urate-lowering medications as clinically indicated. Withhold and then resume at the same or reduced dose upon improvement, or permanently discontinue AUGTYRO based on severity [see Dosage and Administration (2.5)].
Eligible participants will self-administer esketamine (56 mg or 84 mg) intranasally twice per week for 4 weeks as a flexible dose regimen in the Double-Blind Treatment Phase. All participants will start at a dose of 56 milligram (mg) on Day 1. The dose may be increased to 84 mg or maintained at 56 mg per investigator's discretion. In addition, participants will simultaneously initiate a new, open-label 1 of 4 oral antidepressant medications (duloxetine, escitalopram, sertraline, or venlafaxine extended release \[XR\]) on Day 1 that will be continued for the duration of the 4-week Double-Blind Treatment Phase.
Syrups for oral admin contain gentamycin and kaolin, the kaolin having a heavy metal and iron content 2 ppm. The kaolin is prepd by being suspended in dilute aq hydrochloric acid, then filtered and washed free of chloride with water. Pref. 0.2N acid is used, and the mixture is heated at 80 degrees C for 30 mins. The weight ratio kaolin: acid solution is 1:20. Used for treatment of gastro-intestinal infections esp diarrhoea caused by Shigella or Salmonella. By reducing the metal content of the kaolin the syrups are more stable on storage.