anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Composite resin materials are widely used in the dental clinic for replacement of hard tissues. Although the mechanical properties and wear resistance of these materials have been improved substantially, their antibacterial properties are still limited. These resin-based materials accumulate more dental plaque than other restorative materials both in vitro, and in vivo, which may result in secondary caries. A number of reports described experiments in which composite resins were impregnated with antibacterial agents such as antibiotics, silver ions, iodine and quaternary ammonium compounds, and gradually released them. However, release of antibacterial agents into the surrounding milieu at various releasing rates had several disadvantages: a decrease in the mechanical properties of the carrier material over time, short-term effectiveness, and possible toxicity if the release is not properly controlled. As compared with conventional antibacterial agents of low molecular weight, the advantage of polymeric antibacterial agents is that they are nonvolatile, chemically stable, can be chemically bound within the polymer carrier via active groups for improved integration in the composite, and are difficult to penetrate through the skin. It has been reported that polycations exhibit antibacterial properties, i.e. interact with and disrupt bacterial cell membranes. A number of polymers with antibacterial properties were developed for this purpose, including soluble and insoluble pyridinium-type polymers involved in surface coating. Several reports have described incorporation of a methacryloyloxydodecylpydidinium bromide (MDPB) monomer in composite resins that showed no release of the incorporated monomer but still exhibited antibacterial properties. The objective of this study is to evaluate clinically the safety and efficacy of alkylated polyethylenimine (PEI) nanoparticles in composite resin restorative materials . In an in vitro study, addition of a small percent (1% w/w) of nanoparticles did not affect significantly the flexural strength of the commercial materials. The mechanical properties of the new composites were close to those of the original composite, but exerted a strong antibacterial activity upon contact that lasted for at least six months.

methods:alkylated polyethylenimine (PEI) nanoparticles added (1% w/w)to hybrid composite resin disks embedded in a palatal removable appliance.The disks would be in close contact with the palate in order to check for contact mucosities. disks on the side facing the Tongue would be evaluated for their antibacterial potency with confocal laser scanning microscopy.
The present invention relates to a method of vaccination or immunisation involving the use of a photosensitizing agent, an antigenic molecule, e.g. a vaccine component, and an agent which enhances the effect of photochemical internalization (PCI)-mediated vaccination wherein the agent is a ligand for a Toll-like receptor (TLR) as defined herein, and irradiation with light of a wavelength effective to activate the photosensitizing agent. The invention also relates to antigenic, e.g. vaccine compositions, useful in such a method. The invention also provides a method of generating antigen presenting cells which may be used to generate an immune response, e.g. for vaccination, which involves using the same components as above to introduce antigenic molecules, e.g. vaccine components, into cells to achieve antigen presentation, and to antigenic compositions useful in such a method. The invention also provides use of cells generated in vitro by such methods for administration to a patient in vivo to elicit an immune response, e.g. to achieve vaccination. A method of internalising an antigenic molecule into a cell is also provided.
Intracerebral hemorrhage, is a cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity, mortality, and disability. Due to the lack of effective clinical treatments, the development of new drugs to treat intracerebral hemorrhage is necessary. In recent years, ferroptosis has been found to play an important role in the pathophysiological process of intracerebral hemorrhage, which can be treated by inhibiting ferroptosis and thus intracerebral hemorrhage. This article aims to explain the mechanism of ferroptosis and its relationship to intracerebral hemorrhage. In the meantime, it briefly discusses the molecules identified to alleviate intracerebral hemorrhage by inhibiting ferroptosis, along with other clinical agents that are expected to treat intracerebral hemorrhage through this mechanism. In addition, a brief overview of the morphological alterations of different forms of cell death and their role in ICH is provided. Finally, the challenges that may arise in translating ferroptosis inhibitors from basic research to clinical use are presented. This article serves as a reference and provides insights to aid in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage in the clinic.
Risk Summary

Based on animal studies and the mechanism of action, FYARRO can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.1)]. Although there are no data on the use of FYARRO in pregnant women, there are limited data on the use of sirolimus during pregnancy. In animal studies, oral sirolimus was embryo/fetotoxic in rats [see Data] at sub-therapeutic doses. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.

The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively.

Data

Animal Data

Reproductive studies in animals have not been performed with FYARRO. Studies with an oral formulation of sirolimus have shown that it crosses the placenta and is toxic to the conceptus.

In rat embryo-fetal development studies, pregnant rats were administered an oral formulation of sirolimus during the period of organogenesis (Gestational Day 6-15). Sirolimus produced embryo-fetal lethality at 0.5 mg/kg and reduced fetal weight at 1 mg/kg. The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for fetal toxicity in rats was 0.1 mg/kg. Maternal toxicity (weight loss) was observed at 2 mg/kg. The NOAEL for maternal toxicity was 1 mg/kg.

In rabbit embryo-fetal development studies, pregnant rabbits were administered an oral formulation of sirolimus during the period of organogenesis (Gestational Day 6-18). There were no effects on embryo-fetal development at doses up to 0.05 mg/kg; however, at doses of 0.05 mg/kg and above, the ability to sustain a pregnancy was impaired (i.e., embryo-fetal abortion or early resorption). Maternal toxicity (decreased body weight) was observed at 0.05 mg/kg. The NOAEL for maternal toxicity was 0.025 mg/kg.

In a pre- and post-natal development study in rats, pregnant females were dosed with an oral formation of sirolimus during gestation and lactation (Gestational Day 6 through Lactation Day 20). An increased incidence of dead pups occurred at 0.5 mg/kg, resulting in reduced live litter size. At 0.1 mg/kg, there were no adverse effects on offspring. Sirolimus did not cause maternal toxicity or affect developmental parameters in the surviving offspring (e.g., morphological development, motor activity, learning, or fertility assessment) at 0.5 mg/kg, the highest oral dose tested.
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to dentistry, and can be used for treating chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Proposed method of treating chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis involves physiotherapeutic exposure and drug-induced therapy. As a physiotherapeutic exposure, low-intensity light-emitting diode radiation of affected areas of the oral mucosa is performed using a "Svetozar" apparatus, directly affecting affected areas of the oral mucosa – 1 minute for each aphtha at the following parameters: wave length – 624±6 nm, frequency – 50 Hz. Course of 8–14 procedures is performed until complete disappearance of symptoms of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Drug therapy is presented by Complivit 1 table once a day for two weeks; myramistin – 0.01 % solution for mouth rinsing, 10–15 ml 3-4 times day for 7–10 days, as well as Diplene – Denta S for film application 2 times a day until the affected areas are healed for 3–7 days; Imudon (50 mg) for absorption by 6 tablets in day every 2 hours for 20 days; Vinylin is applied with a cotton swab in a thin layer on affected area 2 times a day, exposure time is 20 minutes, course is 3–5 days. If observing signs of recurrence, recommending therapeutic course of Svetozar.EFFECT: developing a method of treating chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis, which enables higher effectiveness of therapeutic measures, reduced use of pharmacotherapy by enlarging the range of physiotherapeutic equipment in dentistry.1 cl, 1 ex, 2 dwg
A major depressive episode may be the initial presentation of Bipolar Disorder. It is generally believed (though not established in controlled trials) that treating such an episode with an antidepressant alone may increase the likelihood of precipitation of a mixed/manic episode in patients at risk for Bipolar Disorder. Whether any of the symptoms described for clinical worsening and suicide risk represent such a conversion is unknown. However, prior to initiating treatment with an antidepressant, patients with depressive symptoms should be adequately screened to determine if they are at risk for Bipolar Disorder; such screening should include a detailed psychiatric history, including a family history of suicide, Bipolar Disorder, and depression. It should be noted that PROZAC and olanzapine in combination is approved for the acute treatment of depressive episodes associated with Bipolar I Disorder [see Warnings and Precautions section of the package insert for Symbyax]. PROZAC monotherapy is not indicated for the treatment of depressive episodes associated with Bipolar I Disorder. 

In US placebo-controlled clinical trials for Major Depressive Disorder, mania/hypomania was reported in 0.1% of patients treated with PROZAC and 0.1% of patients treated with placebo. Activation of mania/hypomania has also been reported in a small proportion of patients with Major Affective Disorder treated with other marketed drugs effective in the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4)]. 

In US placebo-controlled clinical trials for OCD, mania/hypomania was reported in 0.8% of patients treated with PROZAC and no patients treated with placebo. No patients reported mania/hypomania in US placebo-controlled clinical trials for bulimia. In US PROZAC clinical trials, 0.7% of 10,782 patients reported mania/hypomania [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4)].
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an oral composition capable of improving an unpleasant flavor associated with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug by including a combination of plantago herb and Glycyrrhiza in a nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drug. SOLUTION: This composition is obtained by including plantago herb and Glycyrrhiza in an aniline-based or phenylpropionic acid-based nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drug, the former including acetoaminophenone and the latter ibuprofen. The compounding ratios of these herbs are 2 to 40 pts.wt. for the former and 0.3 to 15 pts.wt. for the latter as the primary herbal medicine per 1 pt.wt. of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. The daily oral dosage is 45 mg to 3 g as the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug for an adult and divided into one to several portions. Use of these herbs makes the oral composition a cold treating agent or the like easily takable.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound which is 3beta,5alpha-dihydroxy-6beta-methoxprgosta-7,22- diene expressed by formula I. USE:A remedy for cancer. PREPARATION:For example, acetone is added to homogenize a fruit body of Agaricus blazei and extraction is carried out to provide an extract, which is then filtered. The resultant filtrate is subsequently concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained concentrate is then subjected to liquid-liquid partition and extraction with ethyl acetate and the ethyl acetate layer is successively washed with an alkali and acid. The resultant layer is then concentrated to afford an extract. The extract is further purified and separated by column chromatography and thin-layer chromatography, etc., to provide the aimed compound expressed by formula I and 3beta,5alpha,6beta,9alpha-tetrahydroxyergosta-7,22-diene or 3beta,5alpha,9alpha-trihydroxyergosta-7,22-dien-6-one expressed by formula II (R1 is OH or O).
We propose to conduct a multicenter, comparative cohort observational study to determine whether the use of Guidance® UTI Clinical Pathway compared with current traditional pathways for urine testing reduces the rates of empiric antibiotic therapy and improves therapeutic accuracy of treatment. Comparative outpatient Urology and urogynecology office cohorts will be allocated at an uneven 2:1 allocation ratio. Regardless of arm assignment, all outpatient offices have the option to order ANY diagnostic test for suspected UTI, this includes urine cultures and/or other molecular testing methods including Guidance® UTI. If a provider in the Guidance Clinical Pathway arm decides to order urine cultures instead of using the Guidance® UTI Clinical Pathway, those results will also be reported to the site lead, though TAT may take up to 72 hours to result per standard culture protocols. We will be observing the practice's implementation of the Clinical Pathway and reporting infrastructure to provide rapid, centralized reporting to the ordering provider, allowing for efficient treatment. Guidance® UTI is currently widely available, and all participating outpatient offices (regardless of arm) will have the option to order this test.
The c-Myc oncoprotein, a helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper (HLH-ZIP) transcription factor, is frequently deregulated in human cancers. All known functions of c-Myc, including those pertaining to transformation, require that it heterodimerize with another HLH-ZIP protein, Max. Using a high throughput yeast-based assay, we identified seven low molecular weight substances that inhibit c-Myc-Max association. Each compound also prevented this interaction in vitro  and inhibited the growth of c-Myc-expressing fibroblasts, although not of fibroblasts lacking c-Myc. Finally, short-term exposure of c-Myc over expressing fibroblasts to several of the compounds markedly reduced their  in vivo  tumorigenicity. These studies suggest that yeast-based assays can be used to identify inhibitors of protein-protein interactions and that these frequently function in mammalian cells. The signature specificities of each of the c-Myc-Max compounds identified here further suggest synergistic  in vivo  function.
The invention relates to a method for prompting the influence of the medication of a patient on a test item in a hospital test report, which comprises the following steps: 1. and (3) constructing a drug influence inspection project knowledge base: the knowledge base includes a plurality of entries, each entry including a drug name, an affected test item name, and an affected direction, among others. 2. Constructing a drug influence inspection item query system: when the system inquires the page and inputs the number of the inspection report, the system automatically judges whether the inspection item in the report is influenced by the medicine. And if so, automatically displaying on the page. 3. Adding 'knowledge base of drug influence inspection items': the inspection personnel can report the items of the drug influence inspection items at any time, and the items are added to a drug influence inspection item knowledge base after being audited by appointed personnel. In conclusion, the invention can automatically judge and remind the inspection items affected by the medicines by constructing a medicine influence inspection item knowledge base and a medicine influence inspection item query system.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Serum creatinine reflects both muscle mass and kidney function. Serum cystatin C has recently been recommended as an additional marker for estimating kidney function, and use of both markers together may provide an index of muscle mass. This review aims to describe the biological basis for and recent research examining the relationship of these markers to muscle mass in a range of adult populations and settings.
RECENT FINDINGS: This review identified 67 studies, 50 of which had direct measures of muscle mass, and almost all found relationships between serum creatinine and cystatin C and muscle mass and related outcomes. Most studies have been performed in older adults, but similar associations were found in general populations as well as in subgroups with cancer, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and other morbid conditions. Creatinine to cystatin C ratio was the measure examined the most often, but other measures showed similar associations across studies.
SUMMARY: Measures of serum creatinine and cystatin C together can be an index of muscle mass. They are simple and reliable measures that can be used in clinical practice and research. Further study is needed to determine actionable threshold values for each measure and clinical utility of testing and intervention.
BACKGROUND: The salvage procedure for infected penile implants (IPs) has been a subject of interest since its inception in the late 1980s, yet its widespread adoption remains limited. The aim of this study was to realize a systematic literature review to provide a comprehensive analysis of salvage techniques for IPs and assess their efficacy, specifically focusing on functional success.
METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, employing Mesh terms related to penile prosthesis, penile implant, infection, and salvage procedures. Articles in French or English were considered for the final analysis, with exclusion of literature reviews.
RESULTS: Fifteen articles detailing various salvage techniques for IPs were identified. Mulcahy's initial technique was described in 1996, and consisted of complete removal of infected components, extensive lavage, and subsequent replacement with a similar implant. Success rates ranged from 80% to 100%, with emerging trends favoring the use of malleable implants during salvage. Unfortunately, functional data remained limited. When salvage penile prosthesis placement involved a malleable prosthesis, between 20% and 33% of patients underwent conversion to hydraulic prosthesis.
CONCLUSION: The salvage procedure for infected penile implants is a reliable method, with success rates surpassing 80%. The need for comparative studies assessing the type of implant used during salvage is required to tailor conservative management strategies for optimal patient outcomes. Finally, few data have been published regarding subsequent conversions from malleable penile implants to hydraulic penile implants after salvage.
BACKGROUND: Lysine [K] methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A, previously known as MLL) gene rearrangements are common in acute leukemias of various lineages and are associated with features such as chemotherapy resistance and rapid relapse. KMT2A::CBL is a rare fusion of unknown pathogenesis generated by a unique interstitial deletion of chromosome 11 that has been reported across a wide age range in both acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. The leukemogenic effect of the KMT2A::CBL rearrangement and its association with clinical prognosis have not been well clarified.
METHODS AND RESULTS: We report the case of a 64-year-old female who was diagnosed with acute monoblastic leukemia (M5a) and who acquired the rare KMT2A::CBL fusion. The patient received multiple cycles of therapy but did not achieve remission and eventually succumbed to severe infection and disease progression. Additionally, we characterized the predicted KMT2A-CBL protein structure in this case to reveal the underlying leukemogenic mechanisms and summarized reported cases of hematological malignancies with KMT2A::CBL fusion to investigate the correlation of gene rearrangements with clinical outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: This report provides novel insights into the leukemogenic potential of the KMT2A::CBL rearrangement and the correlation between gene rearrangements and clinical outcomes.
PURPOSE:To obtain fucosterol in high yield, by separating algin from brown algae by extraction and filtration, treating the extraction residue with a mineral acid, and extracting the treated product with an organic solvent. CONSTITUTION:The residue left after the separation of algin from brown algae by extraction and filtration, is immersed in a mineral acid such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, etc. or in a solution of a >=2-valent metallic salt (excluding Mg salt and Hg salt) (e.g. solution of calcium chloride). The immersed material is dehydrated, dried, and extracted with an organic solvent (e.g. dichloromethane, benzene, etc.) to obtain fucosterol as the extract.
NEW MATERIAL:4'-Carboxybenzoylanthranilic acid of formula I and its salt. USE:A side effect-reducing agent for antitumor agents. Especially, relieves renal disorders and BUN induced by them. PREPARATION:Anthranilic acid of formula II is dissolved in an aqueous alkali such as sodium hydroxide. Then, a solution of terephthaloyl dichloride in an inert organic solvent such as benzene, and an aqueous alkali are alternately added dropwise to effect the reaction at 0-40 deg.C, preferably at room temperature for 2-10hr to give the compound of formula I. The compound of formula III is used in an equimolar to double molar amount based on the compound of formula II and the reaction solution is kept alkaline, preferably 11 or higher pH during the reaction.