anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to validate the proposed Korean Working Group on Sarcopenia (KWGS) guideline, which introduces the concept of functional sarcopenia, in older Korean adults.
METHODS: Data from the Aging Study of Pyeongchang Rural Area, a longitudinal cohort of community-dwelling older adults, were utilized to compare frailty status and institutionalization-free survival among participants according to sarcopenia status. Based on the KWGS guideline, severe sarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass and strength with slow gait speed; sarcopenia (not severe) was defined as low muscle mass with low muscle strength or slow gait speed; and functional sarcopenia was defined as low muscle strength and slow gait speed without low muscle mass.
RESULTS: Among the 1302 participants, 329 (25.3 %) had severe sarcopenia, 147 (11.3 %) had sarcopenia (not severe), and 277 (21.3 %) had functional sarcopenia. Frailty was significantly greater in participants with any phenotype of sarcopenia than in those without sarcopenia. Additionally, participants with functional sarcopenia were frailer than those with sarcopenia (not severe). Furthermore, the rates of institutionalization and mortality were higher in participants with any phenotype of sarcopenia than in those without sarcopenia. There was no statistical difference between the rates of sarcopenia (not severe) and those with functional sarcopenia. These findings remained consistent after adjusting for age and sex.
CONCLUSIONS: Each phenotype according to the KWGS guideline was associated with significantly greater frailty and increased risk of institutionalization and mortality. Functional sarcopenia was associated with greater frailty and had comparable prognosis with sarcopenia (not severe).
Manifestations in patients exposed to omeprazole, the racemic mixture, at doses up to 2,400 mg (120 times the usual recommended clinical dose) include confusion, drowsiness, blurred vision, tachycardia, nausea, diaphoresis, flushing, headache, dry mouth, and other adverse reactions similar to those seen at recommended dosages. See the full prescribing information for omeprazole for complete safety information. No specific antidote for esomeprazole is known. Since esomeprazole is extensively protein bound, it is not expected to be removed by dialysis. In the event of overdosage, treatment should be symptomatic and supportive.  
  
If over-exposure occurs, call your Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222 for current information on the management of poisoning or overdosage.
In this arm, participants received an experimental dissolvable polymer strip containing 15 % weight/weight (w/w) calcium sodium phosphosilicate (Novamin). One strip was applied per test tooth topically by a suitably qualified member of the site staff. Each participant received 2 strips in total (as two test tooth were assessed per participant).
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice. Clinical Trials Experience with Dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride tablets in Pediatric Patients with ADHD The safety data in this section is based on data related to Dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride tablets exposure during the premarketing development program in a total of 696 participants in clinical trials (684 patients, 12 healthy adult subjects). These participants received Dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride tablets 5, 10, or 20 mg/day. The 684 ADHD patients (ages 6 to 17 years) were evaluated in 2 controlled clinical studies, 2 clinical pharmacology studies, and 2 open-label long-term safety studies. Most Common Adverse Reactions (incidence of greater than or equal to 5% and at least twice placebo): abdominal pain, fever, anorexia, and nausea Adverse Reactions Leading to Discontinuation : Overall, 50 of 684 (7.3%) pediatric patients treated with Dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride tablets experienced an adverse reaction that resulted in discontinuation. The most common reasons for discontinuation were twitching (described as motor or vocal tics), anorexia, insomnia, and tachycardia (approximately 1% each). Table 1 enumerates adverse reactions for two, placebo-controlled, parallel group studies in pediatric patients with ADHD taking Dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride tablets doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/day. The table includes only those reactions that occurred in patients treated with Dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride tablets for which the incidence was at least 5% and twice the incidence among placebo-treated patients. Table 1: Common Adverse Reactions in Pediatric Patients (6 to 17 years of age) with ADHD *

* ADHD: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
The invention discloses sodium alginate coating liquid composition. The sodium alginate coating liquid composition comprises the components in parts by weight as follows: 1.5-2.5 parts of sodium alginate, 11-20 parts of polyethylene glycol, and 95-98 parts of pure water. 2-5 parts of lactose are added for the enteric coating products. The coating object is used as the coating isolated layer and the increase of the weight is 2-3%; the coating enteric layer is used and the increase of the weight is 7-10%. The coating liquid, especially the enteric coating liquid and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, the application is more convenient, and the enteric coating liquid is good in effect. The intermiscibility is good, especially the enteric index has high standard and the preparation is easy.
The Lilly monoclonal antibody cocktail of bamlanivimab + etesevimab will be administered according to FDA EUA guidelines. Dosing is given intravenously times one within 10 days of COVID-19 symptom onset.
Participants will receive a dose of 40 or 60 or 80 mg of selinexor oral tablets on Days 1 and 3 for Cycle 1 to 6 (each cycle consists of 14 days) during primary treatment and 60 mg on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 during continuous treatment (each cycle consists of 28 days). Participants will also receive an IV dose of rituximab 375 mg/m\^2, IV dose of gemcitabine 1000 mg/m\^2, and Oxaliplatin IV dose of 100 mg/m\^2 on Day 1 during primary treatment for Cycle 1 to 6.
Radiation therapy will start within 8 weeks after neurosurgical procedures. The residue gliomas will receive a total dose of 54.0 Gy in 27 - 30 fractions over 6 - 7 weeks. Four weeks after radiotherapy, patients will then receive 6 cycle of temozolomide dosed at 200 mg/m2 (150 mg/m2 for the first cycle) daily for 5 consecutive days, repeated every 28 days.
Lenalidomide starting dose: 5 mg by mouth daily for 14 days of a 21 day cycle. Oxaliplatin starting dose: 65 mg/m2 by vein on day 1 of a 21 day cycle. Leucovorin 400 mg/m2 by vein on day 1 of a 21 day cycle. 5-fluorouracil 400 mg/m2 by vein through ambulatory pump on days 1-2 of a 21 day cycle.
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) devices with or without cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT-D) have the ability to continuously monitor heart rate variability, daily heart rate, and patient activity. Changes in these measures have been associated with heart failure prognosis. In addition, ICD or CRT-D devices also have the ability to measure daily intrathoracic impedance. Previous data have demonstrated that device-based intrathoracic impedance measurements correlate with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and fluid retention, both of which are common measures of heart failure status. The objective of this study is to evaluate whether the heart rate variability, daily heart rate, and/or intrathoracic impedance can be used in conjunction with other methods to determine if patients are ready for hospital discharge. This will be the first step in potentially developing an inpatient care strategy which includes implantable device data. It is hypothesized that device diagnostic data will identify an appropriate and safe time to discharge patients admitted for worsening heart failure symptoms before usual clinical indicators. More specifically, we hypothesize that device data will "normalize" at least one day prior to the clinical indicators of readiness for discharge and patients discharged prior to "normalization" of the device data will be at greater risk for rehospitalization
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex pathogenic metabolic syndrome characterized by increased inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress. In recent years, natural polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicine have shown significant anti-inflammatory effects, making them an attractive therapeutic option. However, little research has been conducted on the therapeutic potential of dried tangerine peel polysaccharide (DTPP) - one of the most important medicinal resources in China. The results of the present study showed that DTPP substantially reduced macrophage infiltration in vivo and suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes. Additionally, surface plasmon resonance analysis revealed that DTPP had a specific affinity to myeloid differentiation factor 2, which consequently suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation via interaction with the toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway. This study provides a potential molecular mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of DTPP on NAFLD and suggests DTPP as a promising therapeutic strategy for NAFLD treatment.
Pregnant participants will receive a single dose of TDF during active labor. These participants will be hospitalized at the delivery facility through Day 3 postpartum.
Hollow fiber drug delivery devices are described. Device can contain structural or solid fibers. Fabric can be formed by fibers being interwoven or joined to each other. All or some of the fibers can be resorbable. Fibers can be subdivided, by deformations or closure points, into numerous compartments that separately deliver drug. Deformations can be located at points of fiber intersection or joining. Different drug or drug formulation can be provided in different places. Fibers can be given appropriate surface treatments or coatings to achieve desired properties such as wetting of pores and surfaces. Different release characteristics in different directions can be achieved. The hollow fibers can contain solid particles of drug, and can contain gel. Possible applications include hernia meshes, pouches, sutures, catheters, wound dressings, stents, nerve regrowth guides, refillable/drainable devices, and devices that deliver drug to lymphatic flow.
Parastomal hernia (PH) is a very common complication after abdominal surgery that requires a permanent ostomy. This type of surgery is usually associated with processes that fall within the scope of Coloproctology.PH is difficult to deal with high rates of recurrence after surgical repair.This type of hernia remains a problem of first order, generating a significant consumption of health and economic resources and determining an impaired quality of life of these patients.Laparoscopic surgery is increasingly used in colorectal surgery.

Also with this type of approach is present the problem of prevention of PH. The use of a mesh in the repair of hernias is not discussed since the placement of a prosthesis significantly reduces the recurrence rate. There are now many types of prosthetic meshes available. A low weight mesh composed of large pores (about 5mm) with a high proportion of absorbable material and a layer of oxidized regenerated cellulose which is placed in the vicinity of the bowel is available on the market (PROCEED ®, Ethicon). The introduction of this low-weight mesh provides a good opportunity to prevent the development of an PH when we use a laparoscopic approach.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common metabolic disorders that's become a global health burden affecting 463 million people worldwide according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Diabetic nephropathy(DN) is one of the most common secondary complications of DM and is becoming a major cause of morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients . DN is a microvascular complication occurring in approximately 20-40% of patients with T2DM . DN has been described as a glomerular disorder with the following phases: glomerular hyperfiltration, incipient nephropathy, microalbuminuria, overt proteinuria and end-stage renal disorder. Microalbuminuria is the gold standard for the early diagnosis of DN. However, many studies have suggested that it is inadequate and has some drawbacks. Recent novel biomarkers have been accepted for early diagnosis and progression of DN in patients with T2DM . Renal cells are capable of synthesizing pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrotic factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), these cytokines acting in a paracrine or autocrine manner that leading to the development and progression of several renal disorders .Circular RNAs are class of endogenous non coding RNAs and are associated with numerous diseases like T2DM. Circular ankyrin repeat domain 36 (circANKRD36) involved in T2DM and inflammation-associated pathways via interaction with miRNAs, including hsa-miR-3614-3p, hsa-miR-498, and hsa-miR-501-5p. The expression of circANKRD36 was upregulated in peripheral blood leucocytes and was correlated with chronic inflammation in T2DM. Therefore, circANKRD36 can be used as a potential biomarker for screening chronic inflammation in patients with T2DM.
This study aims to provide screening to asymptomatic women 40-70 years and to provide diagnostic evaluation to women 30-70 years presenting with breast symptoms in a community in South-West Nigeria.

The project will use a cluster randomized design with 1 community serving as the intervention arm and another community serving as the control arm. Both communities will receive breast cancer awareness and education but only the intervention community will receive screening, mobile imaging and navigation. Screening with targeted clinical history, Clinical Breast Exam (CBE), and iBE will be performed by trained Community Health Nurses in the intervention community. Women with positive CBE or iBE findings will undergo breast imaging with mobile mammography and portable ultrasound, as well as biopsy when indicated by the Radiologist who visits the community once a month, and receive navigation by the nurses to the point of care. The control population will receive breast cancer awareness without an organized screening, imaging or navigation program. Women presenting to the Primary Health Care Centers in the control community will be referred to the Teaching Hospital as per current standard of care. Record of all breast cancer cases seen in the 2 communities during the study period will be obtained.
This is a single-blinded prospective randomized control pilot study. We are aiming to recruit 24 participants, with their caregiver, who have mild to moderate dementia from Geisinger Memory and Cognition Program. 12 participants will be randomized for the music intervention arm, and 12 for the control arm. The music therapy intervention takes place once a week for 6 weeks via telemedicine. 12 participants will be randomized to receive a music CD with a personalized playlist. At baseline and end of study several measures will be completed: Mini-mental State Examination and the Geriatric Depression Scale by the participant; and the caregiver will complete the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Severity/Distress scales, Modified Caregiver Stain Index and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 at those times as well as at 6 weeks. The music therapist will fill out an engagement form for each session she has with the participant. The primary outcome is to compare pre- and post-scores on measures of cognition, BPSD, caregiver strain, and depression for participant and caregiver for those undergoing the telehealth music therapy intervention vs. those who receive a personalized music selection on CD. We also aim to explore whether degree of engagement during music therapy affects outcomes in Aim 1.

With significant economic and emotional impacts, caregiving for patients with dementia is stressful. BPSD associated with dementia leads to increased stress for people with dementia and their loved ones and may lead to earlier nursing home placement. If behavioral symptoms of persons with dementia could be alleviated, caregivers may feel more empowered, and patients with dementia may be able to stay at home longer. Music therapy has been shown to help with behaviors, agitation, and depression, and may help decrease caregiver stress. We are hoping through this study to show that using a telehealth platform, music therapy is feasible for patients who would not otherwise have access to it.
Participants will receive IV infusion of HS-20117 once during cycle 1 and once every 2 weeks during subsequent cycles (The duration of each treatment cycle is 28 days) at exploratory doses. Aumolertinib will be administered 110 mg orally once daily.
On Day 1 of Treatment period 1, a single oral dose of 8 milligrams (mg) poziotinib will be administered. On Day 1 of Treatment Period 2, 200 mg itraconazole oral solution will be administered twice a day (BID) followed by 200 mg itraconazole oral solution once daily (QD) for 7 consecutive days (Day 2 to Day 8) with a single oral dose of 8 mg poziotinib coadministered on Day 4.
Selexipag will be up titrated for a period that will last 12 weeks (Phase 2). The initial dose will be 200 mcg of selexipag every 12 hours, with weekly dose increases of 200 mcg, up to the maximum dose of 1600 mcg every 12 hours or until the classic side effects of the prostacyclin pathway drugs (headache, mandibular pain), among others) arise. The dose will then be reduced by 200 mcg per dose, and this will be the maximum dose considered for that particular patient, maintained in Phase 3 (16 weeks).
BACKGROUND: Wandering spleen is a rare clinical entity in which the spleen is hypermobile and migrate from its normal left hypochondriac position to any other abdominal or pelvic position as a result of absent or abnormal laxity of the suspensory ligaments (Puranik in Gastroenterol Rep 5:241, 2015, Evangelos in Am J Case Rep. 21, 2020) which in turn is due to either congenital laxity or precipitated by trauma, pregnancy, or connective tissue disorder (Puranik in Gastroenterol Rep 5:241, 2015, Jawad in Cureus 15, 2023). It may be asymptomatic and accidentally discovered for imaging done for other reasons or cause symptoms as a result of torsion of its pedicle and infarction or compression on adjacent viscera on its new position. It needs to be surgically treated upon discovery either by splenopexy or splectomy based on whether the spleen is mobile or not.
CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of 39 years old female Ethiopian patient who presented to us complaining constant lower abdominal pain especially on the right side associated with swelling of one year which got worse over the preceding few months of her presentation to our facility. She is primiparous with delivery by C/section and a known case of HIV infection on HAART. Physical examination revealed a right lower quadrant well defined, fairly mobile and slightly tender swelling. Hematologic investigations are unremarkable. Imaging with abdominopelvic U/S and CT-scan showed a predominantly cystic, hypo attenuating right sided pelvic mass with narrow elongated attachment to pancreatic tail and absent spleen in its normal position. CT also showed multiple different sized purely cystic lesions all over both kidneys and the pancreas compatible with AD polycystic kidney and pancreatic disease. With a diagnosis of wandering possibly infarcted spleen, she underwent laparotomy, the finding being a fully infarcted spleen located on the right half of the upper pelvis with twisted pedicle and dense adhesions to the adjacent distal ileum and colon. Release of adhesions and splenectomy was done. Her post-operative course was uneventful.
CONCLUSION: Wandering spleen is a rare clinical condition that needs to be included in the list of differential diagnosis in patients presenting with lower abdominal and pelvic masses. As we have learnt from our case, a high index of suspicion is required to detect it early and intervene by doing splenopexy and thereby avoiding splenectomy and its related complications.
BACKGROUND: Fibrosis is characterized by excessive extracellular matrix formation in solid organs, disrupting tissue architecture and function. The Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) regulates fibrosis-related genes (e.g., Col1a1, Mmp2, and Tgfβ1) and contributes significantly to disease progression. This study aims to identify fibrogenic signatures and the underlying signaling pathways modulated by YB-1.
METHODS: Transcriptomic changes associated with matrix gene patterns in human chronic kidney diseases and murine acute injury models were analyzed with a focus on known YB-1 targets. Ybx1-knockout mouse strains (Ybx1ΔRosaERT+TX and Ybx1ΔLysM) were subjected to various kidney injury models. Fibrosis patterns were characterized by histopathological staining, transcriptome analysis, qRT-PCR, methylation analysis, zymography, and Western blotting.
RESULTS: Integrative transcriptomic analyses revealed that YB-1 is involved in several fibrogenic signatures related to the matrisome, the WNT, YAP/TAZ, and TGFß pathways, and regulates Klotho expression. Changes in the methylation status of the Klotho promoter by specific methyltransferases (DNMT) are linked to YB-1 expression, extending to other fibrogenic genes. Notably, kidney-resident cells play a significant role in YB-1-modulated fibrogenic signaling, whereas infiltrating myeloid immune cells have a minimal impact.
CONCLUSIONS: YB-1 emerges as a master regulator of fibrogenesis, guiding DNMT1 to fibrosis-related genes. This highlights YB-1 as a potential target for epigenetic therapies interfering in this process.
Nevirapine has several properties that make it an attractive candidate for antiretroviral therapy to interrupt HIV-1 transmission in the intrapartum and early postpartum period. The pharmacokinetic profile suggested that nevirapine would be rapidly absorbed and transferred to the infant in utero when given during labor and delivery. In addition, nevirapine has been shown to penetrate cell-free virions and inactivate virion-associated reverse transcriptase (RT) in situ. This property would be potentially useful in inactivating cell-free virions in the genital tract as well as in breast milk. These characteristics of nevirapine suggest that treatment of an HIV-infected pregnant woman in labor with an oral dose of nevirapine may provide a prophylactic level of nevirapine in the infant during the time of exposure to virus in the birth canal and/or maternal blood. In addition, nevirapine may inactivate the virion-associated RT present in cell-free virions in the genital tract or breast milk.

Women are randomized to receive either NVP or the corresponding placebo in active labor. Women are randomized at any time after their 32nd week gestation \[AS PER AMENDMENT 1/13/98: 28th week gestation\] \[AS PER AMENDMENT 2/23/00: 20th week gestation\]. The randomization is stratified using two factors: (1) use of \[AS PER AMENDMENT 2/23/00: current or anticipated\] antiretroviral therapy during the current pregnancy (no therapy at all; monotherapy for any duration; multi-agent therapy for any duration), and (2) CD4 cell count at the time of randomization (less than 200 cells; 200 - 399 cells; 400 cells or greater). Mothers are followed on study for 4 to 6 weeks postpartum. Mothers are also encouraged to follow the regimen of zidovudine (ZDV) outlined in the Office of Public Health and Science (PHS) treatment guidelines for both themselves and their infants. Infants are administered either NVP or placebo between 48 and 72 hours of life. The infant's study drug is the same as the mother's randomized treatment assignment. Infants are dosed with the study drug according to their randomization group regardless of whether the mother received the study drug. Infants are followed for 4 to 6 weeks, and are tested for HIV at 4 to 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months.