anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the potential value of paraspinal nerve block (PVB) in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and to compare it with general anesthesia and epidural anesthesia.
METHODS: 120 patients undergoing PCNL surgery in Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital from January 2021 to June 2022 were selected and divided into PVB anesthesia group, general anesthesia group, and epidural anesthesia group according to different anesthesia methods, with 40 cases in each group. The anesthesia index (anesthesia operation time, anesthetic effect time, anesthesia time), the vital signs (heart rate, mean arterial pressure), postoperative pain [visual analog scale (VAS)], stress response index (cortisol and noradrenaline), the incidence of adverse reactions (nausea and vomiting, lethargy, dizziness, skin itching, bradycardia) were compared among the three groups.
RESULTS: The operation time of the anesthesia in the PVB anesthesia group was 5.72±1.25, which was significantly lower than that in the the general (7.95±1.15) and epidural anesthesia groups(8.23±1.43), and the differences were statistically significant (P = .000). The time of onset of anesthesia in the PVB anesthesia group was 6.63±1.87, which was significantly lower than that in the the general (9.84±2.41) and epidural anesthesia groups(10.14±2.89), and the differences were statistically significant (P = .000).The heart rate during percutaneous puncture and intraoperative lithotripsy in the PVB anesthesia group was statistically lower than in the general and epidural anesthesia groups (P < .05). The mean arterial pressure 20 minutes after anesthesia and at the end of operation in the PVB anesthesia group was higher than that in the general anesthesia group, and the mean arterial pressure during percutaneous puncture and intraoperative lithotomy was lower than that in the general anesthesia group (P < .05). The VAS scores of the PVB anesthesia group at 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after the operation were lower than those of general and epidural anesthesia groups (P < .05). The incidence of adverse reactions was 5.00% (2/40) in the PVB anesthesia group and 35.00% (14/40) in the general anesthesia group, which was lower than that of 27.50% (11/40) in the epidural anesthesia group. (P < .05).
CONCLUSION: The potential value of PVB in PCNL is high is better than that of general anesthesia and epidural anesthesia, anesthesia can shorten operation time and work time, extend the time of anesthesia to maintain, and be helpful to the intraoperative vital signs in patients with stable, mild postoperative pain and stress, low incidence of adverse reactions, efficacy and safety are good, can be introduced.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled composition useful as a remedy for bone diseases and active type vitain D3 preparation, having improved stability, by dissolving an active type vitamin D3 in a propylene glycol fatty acid ester. CONSTITUTION:An active type vitamin D3 is dissolved in a propylene glycol fatty acid ester (A for short) to give a composition for active type vitamin D3 prepartion. In this method, the active type vitamin D3 extremely stable to light, heat, etc., can be pharmaceutically manufactured. 1alpha-Hydroxyvitamin D3, etc., may be cited as the active type vitamin D3. Propylene glycol dicaprylic acid, etc., are preferable as the component A. As the dissolution method, the active type vitamin D3 is directly dissolved in the component B or the active type vitamin D3 may be dissolved in ethanol, etc., and added to the component A and then the ethanol is removed by distillation.
Rapid sequential induction was performed with sufentanil 0.5 ug /kg, etomidate 0.3 mg /kg, cisatracurium 0.15 mg /kg, and then laryngeal mask was applyed. Parameter settings: tidal volume: 6-10 mL/kg, 1.5 \~ 2.0% sevoflurane inhalation, remifentanil 0.1 \~ 0.2 ug/ kg.min-1. Mechanical driving pressure was applyed by PEEP titration method.
After one cycle of standard R-CHOP chemotherapy, Group A uses Sindilizumab + R-CHOP, with Sindilizumab administered on day 10 post-chemotherapy, scheduled for 5 cycles. After 5 cycles, CR patients in group A continue Sindilizumab treatment for 8 times, once every 21 days.
Patients receive lenvatinib PO daily and everolimus PO daily on days 1-28. Treatments repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
This group included 135 dehydrated patients which need an oral rehydration therapy in hospital and were assigned to received oral rehydration solution and racecadotril (1.5mg./Kg./t.i.d. doe 5 days) in double blind assigned.
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a malignancy with a 5-year survival rate of 12%. The abundant mesenchyme is partly responsible for the malignancy. The antifibrotic therapies have gained attention in recent research. However, the role of pirfenidone, an FDA-approved drug for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, remains unclear in PDAC.
METHODS: Data from RNA-seq of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models treated with pirfenidone were integrated using bioinformatics tools to identify the target of cell types and genes. Using confocal microscopy, qRT-PCR and western blotting, we validated the signalling pathway in tumour cells to regulate the cytokine secretion. Further cocultured system demonstrated the interplay to regulate stroma fibrosis. Finally, mouse models demonstrated the potential of pirfenidone in PDAC.
RESULTS: Pirfenidone can remodulate multiple biological pathways, and exerts an antifibrotic effect through inhibiting the secretion of PDGF-bb from tumour cells by downregulating the TGM2/NF-kB/PDGFB pathway. Thus, leading to a subsequent reduction in collagen X and fibronectin secreted by CAFs. Moreover, the mice orthotopic pancreatic tumour models demonstrated the antifibrotic effect and potential to sensitise gemcitabine.
CONCLUSIONS: Pirfenidone may alter the pancreatic milieu and alleviate fibrosis through the regulation of tumour-stroma interactions via the TGM2/NF-kB/PDGFB signalling pathway, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits in PDAC management.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is associated not only with respiratory system effects but also with systemic outcomes leading to numerous chronic comorbidities, and it is well known that patients benefit from pulmonary rehabilitation programs. However, the effect of presence of comorbidity on the outcome of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD is not clear. Therefore, our aim in this study is to determine the distribution of comorbidity in patients with COPD participating in the pulmonary rehabilitation program and to examine the effect of severity of comorbidy on pulmonary rehabilitation outcomes We included a total of 173 patients referred to the Izmir Suat Seren Chest Diseases and Surgery Training and Research Hospital Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit. Comorbidities were recorded based on self reports. Charlson Comorbid Indexes (CCI) were calculated. Patients who defined at least one comorbidity were divided into two groups according to CCI; 1-3 as Group 1 and 4 and above as Group 2. Six minute walk test, mMRC dyspnea scale, SGRQ Respiratory Disease Questionnaire, respiratory function tests and arterial blood gases performed for assessment of patients before and after 16 sessions of pulmonary rehabilitation program.
This study evaluated 15 lactic acid bacteria with a focus on their ability to degrade inosine and hypo-xanthine-which are the intermediates in purine metabolism-for the management of hyperuricemia and gout. After a preliminary screening based on HPLC, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CR1 and Lactiplantibacillus pentosus GZ1 were found to have the highest nucleoside degrading rates, and they were therefore selected for further characterization. S. thermophilus IDCC 2201, which possessed the hpt gene encoding hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) and exhibited purine degradation, was also selected for further characterization. These three selected strains were examined in terms of their probiotic effect on lowering serum uric acid in a Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model of potassium oxonate (PO)-induced hyperuricemia. Among these three strains, the level of serum uric acid was most reduced by S. thermophilus IDCC 2201 (p < 0.05). Further, analysis of the microbiome showed that administration of S. thermophlilus IDCC 2201 led to a significant difference in gut microbiota composition compared to that in the group administered with PO-induced hyperuricemia. Moreover, intestinal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were found to be significantly increased. Altogether, the results of this work indicate that S. thermophilus IDCC 2201 lowers uric acid levels by degrading purine-nucleosides and also restores intestinal flora and SCFAs, ultimately suggesting that S. thermophilus IDCC 2201 is a promising candidate for use as an adjuvant treatment in patients with hyperuricemia.
Prostate biopsy is usually conducted as an ambulatory transrectal needle aspiration, ultrasonography guided. The area is not sterile, with high concentration of gram-negative and anaerobic pathogens, infection can be induced during the procedure to the urinary tract, and even cause bacteremia.

Prior studies concluded that prophylaxis antibiotic against gram-negative bacteria decreased significantly the amount of infections and hence it is accepted to give prophylaxis antibiotics which will cover especially gram-negative bacteria. Other studies show decrease in infections percent in patients that received prophylaxis opposed to those who did not, from 5-30% to less than 1%. Yet, there was no significant difference between those who received one dose and those who were treated for 3-5 days. Quinolones are considered preferred treatment since they can be given orally, but there is already an increase in resistance rates. TMP-SMX can not be used empirically due to a high percent of resistant uropathogens. One of the options is aminoglycosides, especially gentamicin. Advantages: very low resistance rate in the community, high concentration is urinary tract, slow clearance, no resistance developed under treatment, chip and with very few side effects.
The invention discloses a recombinant rabies virus carrying a de-optimized M gene and two G genes. The invention firstly optimizes the reading frame part of the M gene, and the sequence after optimization is shown as SEQ ID NO. 2. Then using rabies virus HEP-Flury strain as a framework, replacing the M gene in the HEP-Flury with the optimized M gene, and inserting an additional rabies virus G gene to obtain a recombinant rabies virus pHEP-dG-M carrying the optimized M gene and two G genes min Plasmid, finally rescue and screen to obtain recombinant rabies virus strain rHEP-dG-M min . The recombinant virus has higher virus titer, and can reduce the cost of the vaccine for dogs. The recombinant rabies vaccine can express higher level of G protein at high multiplicity of infection, and the replication of the virus and the transcription of each structural gene are increased, so the recombinant rabies vaccine has potential as a rabies vaccine candidate strain.
The invention discloses a temperature-sensitive gel medicine preparation and a preparation method thereof. A raw material formula of the temperature-sensitive gel medicine preparation comprises a medicine, a temperature-sensitive gel composition, and an auxiliary material C. The auxiliary material C is one or more selected from a metal salt, a carbohydrate and a hydrophilic polymer used for injection medicines. The metal salt is a pharmaceutically acceptable metal salt which can dissociate divalent metal cation in a water solution. The medicine is a compound A which exists in an anion state in a water solution. The compound A is one or more selected from a protein type medicine, a polypeptide type medicine and a glycopeptides type antibiotic. The preparation method comprises a step of dissolving the medicine into the temperature-sensitive gel composition existing in a solution form according to the raw material formula. The temperature-sensitive gel medicine preparation is especially suitable for water-soluble medicines, and is capable of diminishing burst release effects and releasing the medicine slowly, thus achieving an objective of slow release.
Risk Summary

There is no information regarding the presence of KAZANO or alogliptin in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. Alogliptin is present in rat milk. Limited published studies report that metformin is present in human milk [see Data]. However, there is insufficient information to determine the effects of metformin on the breastfed infant and no available information on the effects of metformin on milk production. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for KAZANO and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from KAZANO or from the underlying maternal condition.

Data

Published clinical lactation studies report that metformin is present in human milk which resulted in infant doses approximately 0.11% to 1% of the maternal weight-adjusted dosage and a milk/plasma ratio (based on AUC) ranging between 0.13 and 1. However, the studies were not designed to definitely establish the risk of use of metformin during lactation because of small sample size and limited adverse event data collected in infants.
Oxaliplatin injection, USP is supplied in clear, glass, single-dose vials with grey rubber stoppers and aluminum flip-off seals containing 50 mg/10 mL or 100 mg/20 mL of oxaliplatin as a sterile, clear, colorless, preservative-free, aqueous solution at a concentration of 5 mg/mL. 

NDC 43066-014-01: 50 mg single-dose vial with green flip-off seal individually packaged in a carton.

NDC 43066-018-01: 100 mg single-dose vial with dark blue flip-off seal individually packaged in a carton.

Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Do not freeze and protect from light (keep in original outer carton). Discard unused portion.

Oxaliplatin injection is a cytotoxic drug. Follow applicable special handling and disposal procedures.1 The use of gloves is recommended. If a solution of oxaliplatin injection contacts the skin, wash the skin immediately and thoroughly with soap and water. If oxaliplatin injection contacts the mucous membranes, flush thoroughly with water.
A method for regenerating a peritoneal dialyzate employed in peritoneal dialysis for treating renal insufficiency and recovered therefrom and an apparatus and its attachments thereof to be used therefor. To circulate and reuse a peritoneal dialyzate with the use of the plasma proteins of a patient himself as a colloidal osmotic agent, the discharged peritoneal dialyzate is sanitarily recovered and uremigenic factors are eliminated therefrom without denaturing the plasma proteins. At the same time, its osmotic pressure is elevated and the dialyzate is regenerated as a physiologically efficacious and safe peritoneal dialyzate in the following manner. By using a semipermeable membrane having an appropriate inhibitory fractional molecular weight, the recovered peritoneal dialyzate is concentrated to such an extent that the plasma proteins contained therein are not denatured and then diluted with a physiologically efficacious electrolyte solution. By repeating these procedures, uremigenic factors are filtered off and the excessive moisture is also removed therefrom to thereby elevate the osmotic pressure of the dialyzate. If needed, useful components such as electrolytes or amino acids are added.
Classic psychedelics have regained interest in research and therapy. Despite the long tradition of the human use of mescaline, modern data on its dose-dependent acute effects and pharmacokinetics are lacking. Additionally, its mechanism of action has not been investigated in humans. We used a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design in 16 healthy subjects (8 women) who received placebo, mescaline (100, 200, 400, and 800 mg), and 800 mg mescaline together with the serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine-2A (5-HT2A) receptor antagonist ketanserin (40 mg) to assess subjective effects, autonomic effects, adverse effects, and pharmacokinetics up to 30 h after drug administration. Mescaline at doses >100 mg induced dose-dependent acute subjective effects. Mescaline increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure at doses >100 mg, with no difference between doses of 200-800 mg. Heart rate increased dose-dependently. Pharmacokinetics of mescaline were dose-proportional. Maximal concentrations were reached after approximately 2 h, and the plasma elimination half-life was approximately 3.5 h. The average duration of subjective effects increased from 6.4 to 14 h with increasing doses of 100-800 mg mescaline. Nausea and emesis were frequent adverse effects at the 800 mg dose. Co-administration of ketanserin attenuated and shortened acute effects of 800 mg mescaline to become comparable to the 100 and 200 mg doses. There were no ceiling effects of the subjective response within the investigated dose range, but tolerability was lower at the highest doses. These results may assist with dose finding for future research and suggest that acute effects of mescaline are primarily mediated by 5-HT2A receptors.
Handle and dispose of VALSTAR in a manner consistent with other cytotoxic drugs. 1The use of goggles, gloves, and protective gowns is recommended during preparation and administration of the drug. 

VALSTAR contains polyoxyl castor oil, which has been known to cause leaching of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) a hepatotoxic plasticizer, from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) bags and intravenous tubing. VALSTAR should be prepared and stored in glass, polypropylene, or polyolefin containers and tubing. It is recommended that non-DEHP containing administration sets, such as those that are polyethylene-lined, be used.

VALSTAR is a sterile, clear red solution. Visually inspect for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. At temperatures below 4°C (39°F), polyoxyl castor oil may begin to form a waxy precipitate. If this happens, the vial should be warmed in the hand until the solution is clear. If particulate matter is still seen, do not administer VALSTAR.

For each instillation, slowly allow four 5 mL vials (200 mg valrubicin/5 mL vial) to warm to room temperature, but do not heat. Withdraw 20 mL of VALSTAR from the four vials and dilute with 55 mL of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP to provide 75 mL of a diluted VALSTAR solution. VALSTAR diluted in 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP for administration is stable for 12 hours at temperatures up to 25°C (77°F). Since compatibility data are not available, do not mix VALSTAR with other drugs.

Insert a urethral catheter into the patient's bladder under aseptic conditions, drain the bladder, and instill the diluted 75 mL VALSTAR solution slowly via gravity flow over a period of several minutes. Withdraw the catheter and retain VALSTAR in the bladder for two hours before voiding. At the end of two hours, all patients should void. Some patients may be unable to retain the drug for the full two hours. Instruct patients to maintain adequate hydration following VALSTAR treatment [see Patient Counseling Information ( 17)] .
A pharmacist will train the peer educators about vaccine-preventable diseases over the course of two didactic sessions. Following this training, a third session will be held to train the peer educators on the script that they will deliver to participants. The script will include the key learning points to be taught by the peer educators to participants about vaccine preventable diseases and vaccination. The script will also include role-play exercises. In the role-play exercises, 3 vaccination-related scenarios (one for each disease- zoster, pneumonia, and influenza) will be delivered to illustrate situations participants might encounter when interacting with healthcare providers or friends/family.
PURPOSE: This study was designed to examine the hypothesis that discourse task types influence language performance in Mandarin Chinese-speaking people and to reveal the discourse task-specific linguistic properties of persons with anomic aphasia compared to neurotypical controls.
METHOD: Language samples from persons with aphasia (n = 31) and age- and education-matched controls (n = 31) across four discourse tasks (sequential-picture description, single-picture description, story narrative, and procedural discourse) were collected from Mandarin AphasiaBank. Task-specific distributions of parts of speech were analyzed using mosaic plots. The main effects of tasks in each group and the between-group differences within each task for several typical linguistic variables were evaluated, including the mean length of utterance, tokens, moving-average type-token ratio, words per minute, propositional density, noun-verb ratio, noun percentage, and verb percentage.
RESULTS: The results revealed an impact of discourse tasks on most language variables in both groups. In the healthy controls, story narratives yielded the highest total words and lowest verb percentage. In the aphasia group, procedural discourse elicited the fewest total words and densest expressions, whereas their single-picture descriptions had the highest noun-verb ratio. For all tasks, the aphasia group performed worse than the control group in the mean length of utterance, tokens, moving-average type-token ratio, and words per minute. For noun-verb ratio, noun percentage, and verb percentage, only one task (i.e., single-picture description) showed significant between-group differences.
CONCLUSION: The selection of discourse tasks should be addressed in assessments and interventions for Mandarin Chinese-speaking individuals with aphasia to obtain more accurate and feasible outcomes.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a phospholipid composition having sufficient resistance to oxidation, thus useful, e.g. as an antioxidant for foods, cosmetics, medicines, oil-and-fat, etc., by incorporating a phospholipid with each specific amount of a carotenoid-based coloring matter and tocopherol. SOLUTION: This phospholipid composition directly useful as e.g. an antioxidant for foods, cosmetics and medicines, etc., because of having sufficient resistance to oxidation is obtained by incorporating 100 pts.wt. of a phospholipid having highly unsaturated fatty acid residue and extracted from e.g. salmon roe oil with 0.01-0.1 pt.wt. of a carotenoid-based coloring matter such as astaxanthin, tunaxanthin, lutein or zeaxanthin and 0.01-1.0 pt.wt. of tocopherol. An oil-and-fat composition useful as e.g. a food or medicine can be obtained by incorporating 100 pts.wt. of a triglyceride having highly unsaturated fatty acid residue with 10-50 pts.wt. of this phospholipid composition.
The invention relates to a control system and a method for a touch screen. A control system is disclosed herein. The control system includes a touch screen, and a computer operatively connected to thetouch screen. The computer is configured to identify a first position at which the touch screen is contacted. The computer can identify the first position at any portion of the touch screen such thata user can blindly establish the first position. The computer is also configured to identify a second position at which the touch screen is contacted; estimate the magnitude and direction of the difference between the first position and the second position; and regulate a control parameter based on the magnitude and direction of the difference between the first position and the second position.
Participants will receive placebo matching to lebrikizumab SC injection every 4 weeks during the 44-week DBPC period. Participants will then be randomized to receive either high- or low-dose lebrikizumab every 4 weeks during the 32-week ATE period and will continue same treatment in the LTE period.