Training

Training and proficiency in cystoscopic procedures are essential prior to the use of Cysview. Carefully review the instruction manuals provided with the Karl Storz D-Light C Photodynamic Diagnosis (PDD) System. For additional training in the use of the PDD System, contact the manufacturer's representative. 

Preparation for Cystoscopy

Initiate the cystoscopic examination within 30 minutes after evacuation of Cysview from the bladder, but no less than 1 or more than 3 hours after Cysview is instilled in the bladder. If the patient did not retain Cysview in the bladder for 1 hour, allow 1 hour to pass from the instillation of Cysview into the bladder to the start of the cystoscopic examination . The efficacy of Cysview has not been established when the solution was retained for less than 1 hour. 

Cystoscopic Examination

Empty the patient's bladder and then fill the bladder with a clear fluid (standard bladder irrigation fluid) in order to distend the bladder wall for cystoscopic visibility. Ensure adequate irrigation during examination of the bladder; blood, urine or floating particles in the bladder may interfere with visualization under both white light and blue light.

First perform a complete cystoscopic examination of the entire bladder under white light and then repeat the examination of the entire bladder surface under blue light unless the white light cystoscopy reveals extensive mucosal inflammation. Do not perform the blue light cystoscopy if the white light cystoscopy reveals wide-spread mucosal inflammation. Abnormalities of the bladder mucosa during blue light cystoscopy are characterized by the detection of red, homogenous and intense fluorescence. The margins of the abnormal lesions are typically well-demarcated and in contrast to the normal urothelium, which appears blue. Register and document (map) the location (as appropriate for the cystoscopy procedure) and appearance (e.g. papillary, flat) of suspicious lesions and abnormalities seen under either white or blue light.

During the cystoscopic examination, be aware that: 

  * a red fluorescence is expected at the bladder outlet and the prostatic urethra; this fluorescence occurs in normal tissue and is usually less intense and more diffuse than the bladder mucosal fluorescence associated with malignant lesions.
  * tangential light may give false fluorescence . To help avoid false fluorescence, hold the endoscope perpendicular and close to the bladder wall with the bladder distended. 
  * false positive fluorescence may result from scope trauma from a previous cystoscopic examination and/or bladder inflammation [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)]. 
  * malignant lesions may not fluoresce following Cysview administration, particularly if the lesions are coated with necrotic tissue. Blue light may fail to detect tumors which have a tendency to be necrotic on the surface, and necrotic cells generally do not fluoresce [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)]. 
  * when performing the blue light cystoscopy, avoid prolonged blue light exposure. Studies have not evaluated the potential for adverse effects from blue light. In the controlled clinical trials, the cumulative blue light exposure from bladder evaluation, mapping and resection did not exceed 32 minutes for any procedure [ see Clinical Studies (14)]. 



For rigid cystoscopy, perform biopsy and/or resection of suspicious lesions by transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB) only after completing white and blue light cystoscopic examinations with bladder mapping. Using standard cystoscopic practices, obtain biopsies of abnormal areas identified during either white or blue light examination and perform resections. Always check for the completeness of the resections under both white light and blue light before finalizing the TURB procedure.