anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Surgical removal of an impacted mandibular third molar is one of the most common procedures in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Ten million third molars are extracted from approximately 5 million people in the United States each year. Research suggests that wisdom tooth removal has an immediate negative impact on patients' working and social lives: in one study, patients took an average of 1.6 days off work, with over one-third of patients stating that the surgery had affected their performance at work. Postoperative complications may include swelling, bruising, and limited mouth opening, along with difficulty with eating, which can be a major concern to patients and has not been appreciated by healthcare professionals in the past. However, patients are often most concerned about postoperative pain, which may be severe. Approximately one in two patients will experience pain despite analgesic therapy, even one week after surgery. The inflammatory response to surgical trauma is associated with edema, discomfort, dehiscence, and trismus, and these factors may affect the patient's everyday life. The control of these symptoms is frequently based on pharmacological manipulation of local and systemic pain and inflammation mediators. Combining two analgesic agents with distinct mechanisms or sites of action, such as combining a peripherally acting analgesic with a centrally acting analgesic, has been advocated for many years. A common example is the analgesic formulation containing acetaminophen combined with the opioid hydrocodone or paracetamol with ibuprofen. The pain control of single showed that the maximum effect is recorded in the first 2 to 3 hours. Combining two agents tends to increase the effect for 6 to 8 hours. However, as both medication actions commence simultaneously in the latter combination, they are likely to fade in the same way. This may make the patient likely to overdose on such medicine to ensure the continuity of pain relief. This research aims to test the combination of classical pain medication but in a novel alternate way to minimize the dosage and avoid the risk of side effects and toxicity.
Perform another reader study using the V5med Lung AI as the aided read. The reader is asked to mark all potential nodules not less than 4mm assisted by V5med Lung AI. Some or majority of ROIs' parameters will be pre-filled by V5med Lung AI. The reader will make final determination for each location. The marked location, LOS score, Lung-RADS score, and time spent will be recorded for the statistical analyses and compared to the first arm study.
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) encompasses a wide range of conditions, including cognitive impairment associated with stroke or vascular brain injury, mild vascular cognitive impairment, and vascular dementia (VD). Knowledge of language impairment associated with VD is far less extensive than that of Alzheimer's disease. Although not prevalent in VD, impairment in language skills has been reported. A better understanding of the neurolinguistic features associated with the different presentations of VD could facilitate medical diagnosis. In this article, we report data on language impairment in VD, with particular attention to their primary or secondary functional origin. To better appreciate this functional origin, we also outline the main characteristics of impairment in other cognitive functions. Key elements that should be considered in the speech-language assessment of individuals with possible or proven VD are also highlighted.
The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of hypertension and to investigate risk factors linked to hypertension in older adults. An observational study was conducted in a group of adults between 60 and 85 years of age, living in south-eastern Poland. In line with the specific inclusion criteria, 80 women and 29 men were enrolled for the study (109 adults). Participants' body weight, height, and body fat percentage (BFP) were assessed using a bioelectrical impedance analysis, blood pressure was measured using automated oscillometric sphygmomanometer, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time were assessed using a tri-axial accelerometer, whereas data related to socio-economic and lifestyle factors were collected using a self-report technique. Arterial hypertension was found at a rate of 16% in participants with normal body weight, 22% in those with overweight and 85% in those with obesity. Body mass index (BMI) and BFP correlated significantly with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The highest median SBP and DBP values were found in the group of participants with obesity, and the lowest values were identified in those with normal body weight. Out of all the investigated socio-economic risk factors linked to hypertension, education level was the only one that showed significant associations. A logistic regression analysis was performed to check which factors were most strongly associated with hypertension in the study group. The stepwise method showed that hypertension was more common in participants with a higher BMI, and BFP and in those who did not meet MVPA recommendation.
Thymoma is mainly divided into two types, invasive and noninvasive type, and more than 60% of patients belong to noninvasive thymoma. When feasible, complete surgical resection is the primary treatment. There are quite a number of thymoma patients that has lost its surgical indications when diagnosed. Even after complete resection, the recurrence rate can be about 20%. For patients with unresectable or recurrent disease, radiation is routinely administered, often in combination with systemic chemotherapy. However, because of wide range of radiation, more complications of conventional radiotherapy limit its treatment dose. The local recurrence rates of conventional radiotherapy are up 16% to 45%. Moreover, it's not suitable for patients with severe heart and lung disease. Stereotactic body radiation therapy(SBRT) well solved the problem above. On the one hand, by improving the single dose, it not only shortens the total radiation treatment, but also increases the total dose of equivalent biological effects; On the other hand, SBRT, with more precise conformal radiation therapy, significantly reduces the damage to the surrounding normal tissues. Theoretically, SBRT can improve the local control, as well greatly reduces incidence of the radiation pneumonia, pericarditis, tracheitis, esophagitis and so on. However, few studies focused on the treatment of thymoma by SBRT, except two case reports Here we performed a prospective study on the treatment of thymoma by SBRT. The purpose of this prospective study was a preliminary evaluation of feasibility, efficacy and toxicity ofγ-SBRT in the treatment of thymoma.
The proposed study will use an innovative one-session psychotherapeutic intervention called the Teachable Moment Brief Intervention (TMBI) for suicide attempters admitted to a psychiatric inpatient unit. A total of 60 patients will be recruited from the inpatient psychiatry unit at Laureate Psychiatric Clinic and Hospital and 30 healthy community members for the study. Informed consent will be obtained for all participants and administration of the baseline assessment battery will be completed prior to randomization for patients. Patients will then be randomized to either (a) an experimental group receiving TMBI or (b) a group receiving treatment as usual (TAU). The intervention will consist of no more than 90 minutes (expected mean is 45 minutes for the intervention based upon previous studies of the TMBI) of 1:1 interaction with a study clinician. All participants will complete a follow-up assessment immediately following TMBI, TAU, or a rest period. Further, patients receiving the experimental intervention will then be asked to complete a client satisfaction survey. The aim will be to assess whether TMBI affects psychological, experimental pain, and autonomic nervous system responses as compared to TAU and community controls.
This is a research study with an experimental drug called siltuximab (also known as CNTO 328). Currently there are studies with siltuximab, completed or ongoing, in patients with blood cancers such as multiple myeloma and Castleman's disease and with solid tumors such as kidney, ovarian and prostate cancer, to see if siltuximab is safe and to determine what effects it has on these types of cancer. This study is being done in patients with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS), Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (SMM) or Indolent Multiple Myeloma (IMM) to determine if siltuximab has an effect on heart function measured by ECG recordings, and more specifically to determine if siltuximab has any effect on the QT interval. MGUS, SMM and IMM patients usually go on to develop active multiple myeloma which is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. The cancer cells in the bone marrow can cause the normal bone marrow cells to breakdown. This can result in low levels of red blood cells (which may make the patient feel tired or fatigued), low levels of white blood cells (which may increase the patient's chances of infections) or low levels of platelets (which may increase risk of bleeding). The cancer cells can cause damage to the normal bone. This can cause bone pain, bone fractures, and can increase the level of calcium in the blood. The cancer cells also make proteins (called M-proteins), which can result in damage to other organs, especially the kidneys. Siltuximab is a chimeric (part mouse and part human) antibody (immunoglobulin that is important for fighting infection). It does this by blocking another small protein called Interleukin 6 (IL-6). The body makes IL-6 naturally, and at normal levels it is important for the inflammatory response. But high levels of IL-6 can help cancer cells grow and interfere with chemotherapy drugs killing cancer cells. Cancer-related sicknesses such as weight loss, bone weakening, and depression have been linked to high levels of IL-6. This study will also look to see if siltuximab may be useful in treating patients with MGUS, SMM or IMM. All participating patients will be in the study for about 6 months and will receive siltuximab four (4) times every 3 weeks at a dose of 15mg per kg bodyweight. Siltuximab is given as a 1 hour intravenous infusion, through a small tube that goes directly into the vein. Following this treatment period, patients showing a response, defined as a 50% or higher reduction in M-protein in their blood/urine, may be allowed to continue treatment with siltuximab 15mg/kg every 4 weeks for up to 2 years.
The cpd. desacetyl-dihydro-890A9 of formula (I) and its salts are new. In the prepn. of (I), the cpd. dihydro-890A9 (II) is treated with an enzyme capable of hydrolysing the N-acetyl group, pref. N-acetyl-dihydro-890A9-amidohydrolase. In the prodn. of microorganisms with N-acetyl-dihydro-890A9-amidohydrolase, microorganisms are selected which can utilise N-acetyl-ethanolamine for growth, and the selected microorganisms are tested for the presence of N-acetyl-dihydro-890A9-amidohydrolase. (I) is man antibacterial active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and is use of human and veterinary medicine for the treatment of bacterial infections. It can also be used as an animal feed additive, as a preservative for feeds and foods, as a disinfectant and as an industrial bactericide.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating sputum hot yu lung certificate type pulmonary emphysema. Pulmonary emphysema belongs to category of gasp syndrome, lung-distension and phlegm and retained fluid in traditional Chinese medicine, and the pathogenesis of sputum hot yu lung certificate type pulmonary emphysema is pent phlegm evil which is transformed into heat. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation disclosed by the invention selects traditional Chinese medicines narrow-leaved lindernia, paraphlonia, gnaphalium, herb of laminated sanicle, folium mori, Japanese glorybower flowers, nandina roots, parnassia wightiana wall, codonopsis convolvulacea, cymbidium pendulum and herb of little platanthera which have the functions of eliminating phlegm by cooling and freeing lung and relieving asthma and are decocted by water to form a decoction. Through clinical tests, the total efficiency reaches 98.3%. After treatment of patients, neither abnormalities in routine blood, urine and stool tests, hepatic and renal functions caused by taking the traditional Chinese medicine nor hypersensitivity exist. No abnormal phenomena are found in electrocardiogram observation.
INTRODUCTION: The leishmaniases are among the group of neglected tropical diseases that cause significant morbidity and mortality each year. Currently, the East Africa region has the highest visceral leishmaniasis burden in the world. Ethiopia is one of the East African countries that reports both visceral and cutaneous forms of the disease. As part of the Nairobi Declaration, Ethiopia showed commitment to the elimination of visceral leishmaniasis by 2030. In this endeavour, it is important to understand the scope of research conducted on leishmaniases in the country and identify where the research gaps exist. Determining the research landscape is vital in the plan towards leishmaniases control and elimination. It will help to reference conducted research, determine if systematic reviews are warranted and help prioritise future research directions.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This protocol was developed with reference to the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group's guidance on conducting scoping reviews and the PRISMA-ScR reporting guidelines for scoping reviews. The following databases will be searched: PubMed, Embase via Embase.com, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane CENTRAL, Global Index Medicus, ClinicalTrials.gov, the Pan African Clinical Trials Registry and PROSPERO. Locally published literature that may not be indexed in the above-mentioned systems will be identified through team members familiar with the setting. Each record will be dually and blindly reviewed in an abstract-title screen and full-text screen using inclusion-exclusion criteria. Included articles must contain an in-depth discussion of leishmaniasis in Ethiopia. Data extracted will consist of study themes, study types, and categories and subcategories each defined in the developed codebook, in addition to type of leishmania, year of publication, funding source and the number of citations. Results will be reported with summary statistics.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Individual consenting and ethical approvals are not applicable. We plan to disseminate our findings to the appropriate stakeholders.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an arrhythmia characterized by disorganized atrial activity with an associated unevenly irregular ventricular response on an electrocardiogram. It is the most common sustained arrhythmia, with a lifetime risk of 25% in patients older than 40 years old. The incidence of AF increases with age and is associated with an increased risk for heart failure, stroke, adverse cardiac events, and dementia. The 2 main aims of AF treatment include anticoagulation for thromboembolism prophylaxis as well as rate vs rhythm control. The focus of this article will be on the treatment strategies in managing AF. Rate control refers to the use of atrioventricular nodal blocking medications, including beta blockers and calcium channel blockers, to maintain a goal heart rate. Rhythm control, on the other hand, refers to a treatment strategy focused on the use of antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD), cardioversion, and ablation to restore and to maintain a patient in sinus rhythm. Currently, the ideal treatment strategy remains greatly debated. Thus, we hope to compare the risks and benefits of rate to rhythm control to highlight how patients with AF are managed here at Kaiser Permanente Northern California.
Tricyclic antidepressants appear to be the most efficacious treatment of painful polyneuropathy. However, these drugs are contraindicated in some patients and a substantial number of patients decline treatment due to side-effects. Therefore, effective drugs that are better tolerated are needed. Clinical and basic research has demonstrated that drugs with serotonergic action can alleviate neuropathic pain. Escitalopram increases serotonin concentration in the central nervous system, suggesting that it might be a potential alternative to current treatments of neuropathic pain. The aim of this study is to test if escitalopram would relieve painful polyneuropathy.

Comparisons: Treatment with 20 mg escitalopram daily will be compared in a cross-over design with placebo. Each treatment period will last 6 weeks. During the last week of each treatment period, the dose will be tapered.
In the control group endometrial sampling will be done only in the luteal phase of the cycle preceding the embryo transfer cycle. Blood samples (5- 10 cc) are taken twice (one on the 9-8 or 11- 13 day and 19-21 or 20-23 day preceding the embryo transfer cycle).
An anti-emetic preparation is made by precipitating a sparingly-soluble compound of a rare earth from a solution of a rare earth salt in the presence of a protective colloid and subjecting the wet precipitate to a grinding process, if desired after the addition of a further quantity of a protective colloid. The colloidal solutions obtained can be evaporated to give dry preparations which re-dissolve.  According to examples: (1) A solution of cerium earth metal nitrates is precipitated with a solution containing oxalic acid and gum arabic.  The precipitate after washing is ground in a ball-mill with gum arabic.  Albumin oxidation or degradation products may replace the gum arabic.  (2) A solution of cerium nitrate is precipitated with a solution of disodium phosphate and gum arabic, and the precipitate washed and ground whilst wet.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the subject-matter of Specification 426,291 and states that the preparations may be made into pills or tablets with the addition of substances improving the taste or facilitating shaping.  An example is given of the preparation of a colloidal solution of thorium oxalate.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:An anti-emetic preparation is made by precipitating a sparingly-soluble compound of a rare earth from a solution of a rare earth salt in the presence of a protective colloid and subjecting the wet precipitate to a grinding process, if desired after the addition of a further quantity of a protective colloid. The colloidal solutions obtained can be evaporated to give dry preparations which redissolve.  According to examples: (1) A solution of cerium earth metal nitrates is precipitated with a solution containing oxalic acid and gum arabic.  The precipitate after washing is ground in a ball-mill with gum arabic.  Albumin oxidation or degradation products may replace the gum arabic.  (2) A solution of cerium nitrate is precipitated with a solution of disodium phosphate and gum arabic, and the precipitate washed and ground whilst wet.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the subject-matter of Specification 426,291, and states that the preparations may be made into pills or tablets with the addition of substances improving the taste or facilitating shaping.  An example is given of the preparation of a colloidal solution of thorium oxalate.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
PURPOSE: Frailty is common in surgical patients and is closely associated with postoperative outcomes.
AIMS: This study employed bibliometric methods to summarize and analyze research related to frailty and surgery, comprehensively analyzing the research structure and providing visualized maps.
METHODS: This study analyzed the volume of publications, countries, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords related to perioperative frailty in the Web of Science Core Collection from 1978 to 2024. Visual bibliometric analyses were conducted from multiple perspectives, including collaboration networks, citation analysis, and keyword clustering.
RESULTS: From 1978 to 2024, 21,879 authors from 95 countries and regions published 4,119 papers on perioperative frailty in 973 journals worldwide. The United States has the most publications, while Italy has the highest degree of international collaboration. The University of California System has the highest number of publications. The University of Kansas Medical Center is the institution with the highest centrality. The top nine authors in terms of publication volume are all from the USA. Bowers Christian A. is the most prolific author. The Journal of Vascular Surgery is the journal with the most publications. Current research directions include preoperative risk assessment of frailty, the relationship between frailty and postoperative complications, elderly frailty, and the relationship between frailty and sarcopenia. Research hotspots include risk stratification, postoperative delirium, the elderly, and sarcopenia.
CONCLUSION: This study has identified the research hotspots and trends in perioperative frailty. Our findings will enable researchers to understand this field's knowledge structure better and identify future research directions.
Carbamazepine has demonstrated anticonvulsant properties in rats and mice with elec trically and chemically induced seizures. It appears to act by reducing polysynaptic responses and blocking the post-tetanic potentiation. Carbamazepine greatly reduces or abolishes pain induced by stimulation of the infraorbital nerve in cats and rats. It depresses thalamic potential and bulbar and polysynaptic reflexes, including the lin guomandibular reflex in cats. Carbamazepine is chemically unrelated to other anticonvulsants or other drugs used to control the pain of trigeminal neuralgia. The mechanism of action remains unknown.

The principal metabolite of carbamazepine, carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide, has anticon vulsant activity as demonstrated in several in vivo animal models of seizures. Though clinical activity for the epoxide has been postulated, the significance of its activity with respect to the safety and efficacy of carbamazepine has not been established.
OBJECTIVE: Obtain clinicians' perspectives on early warning scores (EWS) use within context of clinical cases.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: We developed cases mimicking sepsis situations. De-identified data, synthesized physician notes, and EWS representing deterioration risk were displayed in a simulated EHR for analysis. Twelve clinicians participated in semi-structured interviews to ascertain perspectives across four domains: (1) Familiarity with and understanding of artificial intelligence (AI), prediction models and risk scores; (2) Clinical reasoning processes; (3) Impression and response to EWS; and (4) Interface design. Transcripts were coded and analyzed using content and thematic analysis.
RESULTS: Analysis revealed clinicians have experience but limited AI and prediction/risk modeling understanding. Case assessments were primarily based on clinical data. EWS went unmentioned during initial case analysis; although when prompted to comment on it, they discussed it in subsequent cases. Clinicians were unsure how to interpret or apply the EWS, and desired evidence on its derivation and validation. Design recommendations centered around EWS display in multi-patient lists for triage, and EWS trends within the patient record. Themes included a "Trust but Verify" approach to AI and early warning information, dichotomy that EWS is helpful for triage yet has disproportional signal-to-high noise ratio, and action driven by clinical judgment, not the EWS.
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians were unsure of how to apply EWS, acted on clinical data, desired score composition and validation information, and felt EWS was most useful when embedded in multi-patient views. Systems providing interactive visualization may facilitate EWS transparency and increase confidence in AI-generated information.