anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM) is an effective, minimally-invasive treatment for achalasia that has been adopted over the past few years. As more programs attempt to adopt the novel technique, there is an increased need for trials to help guide the growth of the procedure. Review of the current literature reveals that most endoscopists prefer an anterior approach, with an incision in the anterior/ anterolateral wall of the esophagus. This approach has been used with tremendous success in decreasing the symptoms of dysphagia and lowering esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure since the first description of the procedure in humans in 2010. However, it can be technically challenging in patients with anterior scarring from prior surgery or radiation, in whom a posterior approach has typically been used. Alternatively, the posterior approach, with incision in the posterolateral wall of the esophagus, has been adopted with great success by several endoscopists as the primary approach to myotomy. Reports involving the posterior approach have also shown significant symptom relief as defined by symptoms score (Eckardt score) \< 3, decreased LES pressure, and low complication rates.

However, despite high rates of technical and clinical success, the posterior approach has not been as widely adopted as the anterior approach. Without comparison of the two approaches in terms of efficacy and safety, the optimal technique to myotomy for POEM is yet to be defined. The investigators main hypothesis is that the posterior myotomy is as efficacious as the anterior myotomy in terms of improvement of achalasia symptoms as indicated by reduction in the Eckardt score and LES pressure. Adaptation of both techniques may increase options in approach for routine POEM and increase the number of patients that are able to undergo the procedure, thereby promoting its applicability.
Sepsis and septic shock remain global healthcare problems associated with high mortality rates despite best therapy efforts. Circulating biomarkers may identify those patients at risk for poor outcomes, however, current biomarkers, most prominently lactate, are non-specific and have an inconsistent impact on prognosis and/or disease management. Activation of the renin-angiotensin- system (RAS) is an early event in sepsis patients and elevated levels of circulating renin are more predictive of worse outcomes than lactate. The precursor protein Angiotensinogen is another key component of the circulating RAS; it is the only known substrate for renin and the ultimate source of the vasopressor Angiotensin II (Ang II). We postulate that lower Angiotensinogen concentrations may reflect a dysfunctional RAS characterized by high renin concentrations but attenuated Ang II generation, which is disproportionate to the high renin response and may compromise adequate support of blood pressure and tissue perfusion in septic patients. The current study compared the association between serum Angiotensinogen with mortality to that of lactate and renin in the VICTAS cohort of sepsis patients at baseline (day 0) by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Kaplan-Meier curve analyses. Serum concentration of Angiotensinogen was more strongly associated with 30-day mortality than either the serum concentrations of renin or lactate in sepsis patients. Moreover, the clinical assessment of Angiotensinogen may have distinct advantages over the typical measures of renin. The assessment of intact Angiotensinogen may potentially facilitate more precise therapeutic approaches (including exogenous angiotensin II) to restore a dysfunctional RAS and improve patient outcomes. Additional prospective validation studies are clearly required for this biomarker in the future.
Patients receive placebo PO BID on days 1-28. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 2 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. At the end of course 2, patients may optionally crossover to Group I to receive ginseng for an additional 28 days.
The invention provides a transcription regulating factor for angiogenesis, which is one or a combination of small MAF molecules. Through the construction and analysis of an in vitro angiogenesis transcription regulation network in the early stage, the small MAF is found to be a key transcription regulation factor of angiogenesis. The angiogenesis-related genes can be specifically regulated in vascular endothelial cells, and the expression of the genes is regulated by VEGF. Further experiments prove that two main members of MAFF and MAFG in sMAF can singly or synergistically promote the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells and the formation of organs, and have a remarkable enhancement effect on the formation of a neovascular network in vivo. Thereby providing a new strategy and approach for treating angiogenesis-related diseases and promoting the tissue regeneration capacity. Detecting abnormal expression of sMAF in blood vessels will probably provide reliable basis for evaluating angiogenesis and related disease progression.
A total of 30 patients will be included in the study group after screening of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients will have upstream risk factors assessed at the clinic consultation and offered risk factor optimization advice. In addition, they will received daily Liraglutide injections for 13 weeks before and 52 weeks after ablation.
PURPOSE:To obtain a compound useful as a synthetic intermediate, etc., for pilocarpine, etc., which is a therapeutic medicines of glaucoma by adding a water solution of acid adduct of a specific alpha-aminoketone derivative into a solution containing an isothiocyanic acid derivative and a base, reacting both derivatives and cyclizing the resultant compound. CONSTITUTION:An aqueous solution of an acid adduct of alpha-aminoketone derivative (e.g. aminomethylhomopilopyl ketone) expressed by formula I (R<1> is H or lower alkyl) is added to a solution containing an isothiocyanic acid derivative (e.g. isothiocyanic acid methyl ester) and a base (e.g. potassium carbonate) together and reaction of the alpha-aminoketone with the isothiocyanic acid derivative is carried out while stirring the solution at ambient temperature for l hr. Then, the reaction system is acidified by adding concentrated hydrochloric acid to the resultant thiourea derivative expressed by formula II to carry out cyclizing reaction and the reactional liquid is concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue is cooled and crystallized by adding water to the residue to provide the mercaptoimidazole derivative expressed by formula III and useful as a synthetic intermediate, etc., for pilocarpine which is a therapeutic medicine for glaucoma and its analogue compounds.
BACKGROUND: Frailty is associated with obesity-related comorbidities, but the relationship with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in people with HIV has been incompletely described. Our objective was to assess the associations between NAFLD and frailty.
METHODS: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of men in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. NAFLD was defined as a liver/spleen ratio <1.0 on abdominal computed tomography scans; frailty was defined by the frailty phenotype as having 3 of the following: weakness, slowness, weight loss, exhaustion, and low physical activity.
RESULTS: Men without (n = 200) and with HIV (n = 292) were included. NAFLD prevalence was 21% vs 16% and frailty 12% vs 17%, respectively. Among men with NAFLD, frailty was more prevalent in men without HIV (21% vs 11%). In multivariate analysis, NAFLD was significantly associated with frailty after controlling for significant variables. Men without HIV and NAFLD had 2.6 times higher probability [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2- to 5.7] of frailty relative to men with neither HIV nor NAFLD. This association was not seen in men with HIV. The probability of frailty was higher among men without HIV with NAFLD (27% vs 10% in men without NAFLD) but lower among men with HIV with NAFLD (14% vs 19% in men without NAFLD). No significant relationships were found in longitudinal analyses.
CONCLUSIONS: NAFLD was independently associated with frailty among men without HIV but not men with HIV, despite increased prevalence of frailty among men with HIV. The mechanisms of the muscle-liver-adipose tissue axis underlying NAFLD might differ by HIV serostatus.
AIOLOS, encoded by the IKZF3 gene, belongs to the Ikaros zinc finger transcription factor family and plays a pivotal role in regulating lymphocyte development. Recently, heterozygous missense loss-of-function variants within the DNA-binding domain of the IKZF3 gene (G159R, N160S, and G191R) have been identified in patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI). Additionally, a missense and a truncating variant (E82K and Q402X) leading to the AIOLOS haploinsufficiency have been documented. The majority of individuals with AIOLOS-associated IEI manifest recurrent sinopulmonary infections, as well as various bacterial and viral infections. The patients carrying the AIOLOSN160S variant exhibit severe immunodeficient phenotypes. In contrast, patients harboring AIOLOS haploinsufficient variants predominantly present with clinical phenotypes associated with immune dysregulation. A varying degree of B-lymphopenia and hypoimmunoglobulinemia was noted in approximately half of the patients. Mouse models of AIOLOSG159R and AIOLOSN160S variants (AiolosG158R and AiolosN159S in mice, respectively) recapitulated most of the immune abnormalities observed in the patients. Among these models, AiolosG158R mice prominently exhibited defects in early B cell differentiation resulting from mutant Aiolos interfering with Ikaros function through heterodimer formation. In contrast, AiolosN159S mice did not manifest early B cell differentiation defects. However, they displayed a distinct immune abnormality characterized by impaired induction of CD62L expression in lymphocytes, which is likely attributable to dysfunction of Ikaros, leading to defective lymphocyte homing to lymph nodes. Considering the diverse clinical phenotypes observed in the reported cases and the distinct molecular pathogenesis associated with each variant, further studies with more patients with AIOLOS-associated IEI would contribute to a better understanding of the clinical spectrum and underlying molecular mechanisms associated with this disorder.
The invention relates to a medicine for treating acute mastitis, which comprises the following components: centipedes, carbonized human hair, walnut kernel, frankincense, myrrh and dandelion. The above components are mixed, ground to fine powder, and equally subpackaged into 20 bags. The medicine is administered with yellow wine by 1 bag each time, twice a day. After administration of the medicine for 1-2 courses of treatment, acute mastitis is completely cured. The medicine provided by the invention is effective in clearing away heat and toxic materials as well as promoting blood circulation and stopping pains, and is used for treating acute mastitis with quick action, good curative effect and no side effects on infants. The total effective rate is up to 98.1%.
The purpose of this protocol is to evaluate the effect of HIV viral load and CD4 counts on the generation of influenza-specific antibodies and influenza-specific B cell responses in HIV-infected adults. HIV-infected subjects will be enrolled to receive the influenza vaccine appropriate to the on-going USA influenza season (Oct-March). Laboratory studies (including influenza titers, influenza-specific B cell frequencies, CD4 counts, and HIV viral loads) will be obtained at baseline (day of vaccination), day 7, 28, and 54 post-vaccination. HIV-negative healthy volunteers will serve as controls. Although there are some risks to influenza vaccine, the CDC Advisory Committee on Immunizations recommends influenza vaccination for HIV-infected patients. The primary study risks are those of phlebotomy and the inconvenience of multiple visits. Subjects will be compensated for participation in the study. Total enrollment of the study is a maximum of 165 subjects (132 HIV-infected individuals and 33 HIV-negative controls).
PURPOSE:To provide the titled remedy containing pantetheine-S-sulfonic acid or its salt, and exhibiting excellent remedying effect by the activity to improve the hepatic disorder and the moisturizing activity. CONSTITUTION:The compound of formula (M is H, alkali metal or 1/2 alkaline earth metal) is used as an active component of the objective drug. The compound is a precursor of coenzyme A which is an essential substance in the metabolism in living body, and exhibits the effect to improve the hepatic disorder comparable to pantethine, and extremely with moisturizing activity. Accordingly, it is effective to improve the hepatic disorder which is a fundamental cause of senile pruritus, and to improve the drying and the atrophy of the skin caused by the decrease in the moisture-retainability resulting from the aging of the skin. Dose: preferably 100-10,000mg daily. In the case of external application, an agent containing preferably 1-10% drug component is applied.
BACKGROUND: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I), the frontline treatment for insomnia, has yet to be evaluated among patients with primary brain tumors (PwPBT) despite high prevalence of sleep disturbance in this population. This study aimed to be the first to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and acceptability of implementing telehealth group CBT-I as well as assessing preliminary changes in subjective sleep metrics in PwPBT from baseline to follow-up.
METHODS: Adult PwPBT were recruited to participate in six 90-min telehealth group CBT-I sessions. Feasibility was assessed by rates of screening, eligibility, enrollment, and data completion. Safety was measured by participant-reported adverse events. Acceptability was assessed by retention, session attendance, satisfaction, recommendation of program to others, and qualitative feedback. Participant subjective insomnia severity, sleep quality, and fatigue were assessed at baseline, post intervention, and 3-month follow-up.
RESULTS: Telehealth group CBT-I was deemed safe. Following the 76% screening rate, 85% of interested individuals met study eligibility and 98% enrolled (N = 44). Ninety-one percent of enrolled participants completed measures at baseline, 79% at post intervention, and 73% at 3-month follow-up. Overall, there was an 80% retention rate for the 6-session telehealth group CBT-I intervention. All participants endorsed moderate-to-strong treatment adherence and 97% reported improved sleep. Preliminary pre-post intervention effects demonstrated improvements in subjective insomnia severity, sleep quality, and fatigue with large effect sizes. These effects were maintained at follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: Results of this proof-of-concept trial indicate that telehealth group CBT-I is feasible, safe, and acceptable among PwPBT, providing support for future randomized controlled pilot trials.
PURPOSE: To obtain the subject preparation composed of azelastine and a retarding component, having a specific azelastine releasing rate, effective for widely or completely suppressing the sedative side action and free from bitter taste after administration. CONSTITUTION: This pharmaceutical preparation is composed of 1 pt.wt. of azelastine of the formula [4-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-(perhydro-1-methylazepin-4-yl)-1-(2 H)phthalazinone] having antiallergic and antihistaminic actions and useful for the prevention of asthma and 0.001-800 pts.wt. of a retarding component and has an azelastine releasing rate of 0.05-5mg/hr measured in an aqueous solution of pH1.0 and/or pH6.8. The preparation contains azelastine in a state coated with the retarding component, bonded to a cation exchange material, mixed with an osmotic active substance and coated with a semipermeable membrane or embedded in a fat or a fat-like substance. The content of azelastine in a prescription is preferably 0.1-50mg for oral administration, 0.1-500mg for parenteral administration and 5-5,000mg for percutaneous administration.
PURPOSE:To obtain an external drug for the treatment of stenocardia having excellent initial releasing rate of active component and prolonged activity, by dissolving or suspending nicorandil in a mixed solvent of an alcohol and an aliphatic ester and using the solution or suspension as a component. CONSTITUTION:N-(2-hydroxyethyl)nicotinamide nitrate (nicorandil) is dissolved or dispersed in a mixed solvent produced by mixing (A) a 2-7C alcohol (e.g. ethanol, propylene glycol, etc.) and (B) an aliphatic ester having a molecular weight or >=180 (e.g. diethyl sebacate, isopropyl myristate, etc.) at a weight ratio (A:B) or 99:1-30:70. The obtained solution or suspension is compounded to a base for external agent and used in the form of ointment, plaster, lotion, aerosol, etc.
Sotalol hydrochloride prolongs the plateau phase of the cardiac action potential in the isolated myocyte, as well as in isolated tissue preparations of ventricular or atrial muscle (Class III activity). In intact animals it slows heart rate, decreases AV nodal conduction and increases the refractory periods of atrial and ventricular muscle and conduction tissue. 

In man, the Class II (beta-blockade) electrophysiological effects of sotalol are manifested by increased sinus cycle length (slowed heart rate), decreased AV nodal conduction and increased AV nodal refractoriness. The Class III electrophysiological effects in man include prolongation of the atrial and ventricular monophasic action potentials, and effective refractory period prolongation of atrial muscle, ventricular muscle, and atrio-ventricular accessory pathways (where present) in both the anterograde and retrograde directions. With oral doses of 160 to 640 mg/day, the surface ECG shows dose-related mean increases of 40 to 100 msec in QT and 10 to 40 msec in QTc. (See WARNINGS for description of relationship between QTc and Torsade de Pointes type arrhythmias). No significant alteration in QRS interval is observed. 

In a small study (n=25) of patients with implanted defibrillators treated concurrently with sotalol, the average defibrillatory threshold was 6 joules (range 2 to 15 joules) compared to a mean of 16 joules for a nonrandomized comparative group primarily receiving amiodarone. 

Pediatric clinical trial information is approved for Berlex Laboratories’ sotalol hydrochloride tablets. However, due to Berlex’s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled for pediatric use.
External signs of disease are frequently used as indicators of disease susceptibility. However, immune profiling can be a more effective indicator to understand how host responses to infection may be shaped by host, pathogen and environmental factors. To better inform wildlife health assessment and research directions, we investigated the utility of a novel multivariate immunophenotyping approach examining innate and adaptive immune responses in differing climatic, pathogen co-infection and demographic contexts across two koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) populations in New South Wales: the Liverpool Plains (LP), and Southern Highlands to South-west Sydney (SHSWS). Relative to the comparatively healthy SHSWS, the LP had greater and more variable innate immune gene expression (IL-1β, IL-6), and KoRV transcription. During extreme heat and drought, koalas from the LP displayed upregulation of a stress pathway gene and reduced adaptive immune genes expression, haematocrit and plasma protein, suggesting the possibility of environmental impacts through multiple pathways. In those koalas, KoRV transcription status, Chlamydia pecorum infection loads, and visible urogenital inflammation were not associated with immune variation, suggesting that immune markers were more sensitive indicators of real-time impacts than observed disease outcomes.
A study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zevalin (referred to as Study 106-06) was a single arm study of 54 patients with relapsed follicular lymphoma, who were refractory to rituximab treatment. Patients had a World Health Organization (WHO) Performance Status (PS) 0-2, <25% bone marrow involvement by NHL, no prior bone marrow transplantation, and acceptable hematologic, renal, and hepatic function. Refractoriness to rituximab was defined as failure to achieve a complete or partial response or time-to-disease-progression (TTP) of < 6 months. The main efficacy outcome measure of the study was the overall response rate (ORR) using the International Workshop Response Criteria (IWRC). Other efficacy outcome measures included time-to-disease-progression (TTP) and duration of response (DR). Table 7 summarizes efficacy data from Study 106-06.

Another study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zevalin (referred to as Study 106-04) was a randomized (1:1), open-label, multicenter study comparing the Zevalin therapeutic regimen with rituximab. The trial was conducted in 130 patients with relapsed or refractory low-grade or follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL); no patient had received prior rituximab. Patients had histologically confirmed NHL requiring therapy, a WHO PS 0-2, <25% bone marrow involvement by NHL, no prior bone marrow transplantation, and acceptable hematologic function. Sixty-four patients received the Zevalin therapeutic regimen, and 66 patients received rituximab given as an IV infusion at 375 mg per m2 weekly times 4 doses. The main efficacy outcome measure of the study was ORR using the IWRC. The ORR was significantly higher for patients receiving the Zevalin therapeutic regimen (83% vs. 55%, p<0.001). Time-to-disease-progression was not significantly different between study arms. Table 7 summarizes efficacy data from Study 106-04.

A single-arm study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zevalin (referred to as Study 106-05) was conducted in 30 patients, of whom 27 had relapsed or refractory low-grade, follicular NHL and a platelet count 100,000 to 149,000/mm3. Patients with ≥ 25% lymphomatous marrow involvement, prior myeloablative therapy with stem cell support, prior external beam radiation to > 25% of active marrow or neutrophil count <1,500/mm3 were ineligible for Study 106-05. All patients received Y-90 Zevalin [0.3 mCi per kg (11.1 MBq per kg)]. Objective, durable clinical responses were observed [89% ORR (95% CI: 70-97%) with a median duration of response of 11.6 months (range: 1.0-42.4+ months)].