anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
ELAPRASE is a formulation of idursulfase, a purified form of human iduronate-2-sulfatase, a lysosomal enzyme. Idursulfase is produced by recombinant DNA technology in a human cell line. Idursulfase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes the 2-sulfate esters of terminal iduronate sulfate residues from the glycosaminoglycans dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate in the lysosomes of various cell types.

Idursulfase is a 525-amino acid glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 76 kilodaltons. The enzyme contains eight asparagine-linked glycosylation sites occupied by complex oligosaccharide structures. The enzyme activity of idursulfase is dependent on the post-translational modification of a specific cysteine to formylglycine. Idursulfase has a specific activity ranging from 46 to 74 units/mg of protein (one unit is defined as the amount of enzyme required to hydrolyze 1 micromole of heparin disaccharide substrate per hour under the specified assay conditions).

ELAPRASE is administered as an intravenous infusion and supplied as a sterile, nonpyrogenic clear to slightly opalescent, colorless solution that must be diluted prior to administration in 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP. Each vial contains an extractable volume of 3 mL with an idursulfase concentration of 2 mg/mL at a pH of approximately 6. Each vial contains 6 mg idursulfase, sodium chloride (24 mg), sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate (6.75 mg), sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate (2.97 mg), and polysorbate 20 (0.66 mg). ELAPRASE does not contain preservatives. Each vial is for single use only.
Matching placebo will be initiated and increased based on pretend blood levels. Participants will take placebo for 2 years with quarterly monitoring.
One-third of cancer pain patients do not experience adequate pain relief using analgesic ladder by the World Health Organization. Interventional procedures, such as epidural morphine, have been considered. This study aimed to review the literature comparing the effects of epidural administration of morphine with the oral route. This systematic review included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted with patients with gastrointestinal neoplasm. A search was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL databases to identify studies published up to May 2023. The retrieved study was evaluated using the Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool and qualitatively synthesized. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach (Prospero: CRD42021264728). Only one RCT, a crossover trial, was included in this systematic review. The study was conducted with ten participants (one withdrawal) and reported a statistically significant difference between both subcutaneous and epidural morphine solutions and oral morphine. The adverse events were not described. The included study presents some concerns of bias and low certainty of evidence on the effectiveness and security of epidural morphine administration. The available literature does not suffice to elucidate whether morphine administration via the epidural route is more effective than other routes. Further RCTs are necessary to improve the level of evidence on the effectiveness and risk-benefit of epidural morphine in the management of cancer pain in gastrointestinal neoplasm patients.
Ivacaftor 150 milligram (mg) tablet orally twice daily for 8 weeks in treatment period 1 followed by placebo matched to ivacaftor tablet orally twice daily for 8 weeks in treatment period 2. Washout out period of 4 to 8 weeks was maintained between each treatment period.
Ten sites at which patients will receive ART dispensed three monthly in CARGs. Providers at facilities will assist in the formation of CARGs and will provide all enrolled patients with a 3 month supply of ART and associated HIV medications. All other aspects of care will be as per standard of care for the enrolling clinic.
Fast group patients will receive spinal injection over 15 seconds. Vital signs monitored every minute after injection. Hypotension is treated with IV Phenylephrine or Ephedrine.
AIM: To determine the risk factors affecting the mortality rate and outcomes of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The records of patients who underwent aneurysm treatment and intensive care unit (ICU) followup in our hospital between 2013-2021 were reviewed retrospectively. Demographics of the patients, aneurysm characteristics, complications in the ICU, the Hunt Hess score, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (APACHE II), sepsis status, and mechanical ventilation (MV) needed during ICU admission were collected. The generalized linear mixed modeling method was used to determine independent risk factors affecting mortality.
RESULTS: The records of 91 patients who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. The age of the patients ranged from 21 to 86 years, and the female-to-male ratio was 6 / 7, with a mean age of 49.9 ± 13.06 years. The aneurysm treatment modality was surgical in 79 patients (86.8%) and endovascular in 12 patients (13.2%). The length of the ICU stay was mean 10.96 ± 13.66 days. While 64.8% (n=59) of the patients were discharged, 7.7% (n=7) were referred to palliative care units, and 25% (n=25) died. A one-unit increase in the APACHE II score was determined to increase the risk of vasospasm 1.154 times (p < 0.001). Analysis showed that a one-day increase in the MV day increased the mortality risk 1.838 times (p < 0.001), and vasospasm increased the mortality risk 32.151 times (p=0.004) CONCLUSION: The length of hospital stay, the day of MV, and the presence of vasospasm were determined as independent risk factors affecting mortality. Early diagnosis and rapid treatment of vasospasm, which increases mortality during ICU follow-up, positively impact patient outcomes.
BACKGROUND: The incidence of end-stage renal disease has increased dramatically over the past two decades. Kidney transplantation is the best treatment option for individuals with end-stage renal disease, and living donor kidney transplantation has significant advantages over deceased donor kidney transplantation. Although there are criteria for assessing living kidney donors, different medical centers handle certain medical problems differently. The aim of this study is to investigate how kidney donation affects renal biochemical indicators, blood pressure measurements, and glucose control in healthy young female adults without diabetes compared to a pre-diabetic group.
METHODS: A prospective cohort study recruited 142 female kidney donors, who were divided into two cohorts based on their diabetic history (pre-diabetic and non-diabetic). The participants were monitored for seven years after kidney donation. Key clinical and biochemical markers were measured before and after donation.
RESULTS: The pre-diabetic group had higher mean values for blood pressure readings, body mass indices, Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, HbA1c (DCCT) (%), serum creatinine levels, proteinuria, and lower e-GFR compared to those in the non-diabetic group. All these findings were statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS: Pre-diabetic donors are at an increased risk for many adverse clinical and biochemical outcomes, including hypertension, glucose tolerance, and worsening kidney function tests and should be advised that their condition may worsen over time and can result in end-organ complications. If the donors decide to proceed, they should be closely and frequently monitored during both the short- and long-term periods.
Using and increasing dose storer design, GLAUCOMA and NORMAL patients will be randomly grouped to received the intervention (0.1 mg, 0.2 mg, 0.4 mg, 0.5 mg). 1 NAION patient will receive each dose once it has been proven safe in GLAUCOMA and NORMAL patients, as part of the secondary objective of this trial.
A method for producing starch granules suitable as an excipient for an orally disintegrating tablet. A paste is sprayed in small amounts while β-starch is being fluidized using an air-fluidized bed to carry out fluidized bed granulation. Thereafter, fluidized bed drying is carried out at the gelatinization temperature of the β-starch or higher. This results in starch granules having a high degree of gelatinization in comparison with the amount of gelatinized starch adhered to the β-starch by the spraying of the paste. These starch granules alone impart an adequate oral disintegration performance and breaking strength to the tablet. Consequently, in instances of use as an excipient for tableting of orally disintegrating tablets, another auxiliary excipient such as crystalline cellulose or a sugar or the like need not be added.
Tuberculin PPD is indicated as an aid in the detection of infection with . The standard tuberculin test employs the intradermal (Mantoux) test using a 5 TU dose of tuberculin PPD. The 0.1 mL test dose of Aplisol (tuberculin PPD, diluted) is equivalent to the 5 TU dose which has been clinically utilized and standardized with PPD-S. Tuberculin skin testing is not contraindicated for persons who have been vaccinated with BCG and the skin-test results of such persons are used to support or exclude the diagnosis of infections. HIV infection is a strong risk factor for the development of TB disease in persons having TB infection. All HIV-infected persons should receive a PPD-tuberculin skin test. Mycobacterium tuberculosis7M. tuberculosis43
FIELD: pharmaceutical industry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a technology for producing calcium nadroparin and can be used for the production of drugs based on it. The preparation method includes dissolving sodium heparin in water and adding sodium nitrite, the resulting reaction mass is stirred for 60-90 minutes, the pH is adjusted to 10, then sodium borohydride and ethyl alcohol are added to the solution, stirred until the oil precipitates, the solution is decanted, the remaining oil is stirred in ethyl alcohol, the precipitate is filtered off and dried. Then re-precipitation of sodium nadroparin is carried out, to which water is poured, a strongly acidic cation exchanger in calcium form is added, and kept for 2 hours. The resulting solution is filtered, the resin is washed with water and dried to obtain nadroparin calcium. Next, the obtained nadroparin calcium is dissolved in water and ethyl alcohol is added at a temperature of 20°C. The reaction mass is centrifuged, after the solution is decanted from the precipitated oil, which is evaporated to the formation of a powder, which is additionally dried in a vacuum drying oven at a temperature of 30°C for 72 hours, obtaining calcium nadroparin of the required fraction.EFFECT: present method ensures obtaining nadroparin sodium with the maximum number of fractions required for the synthesis of nadroparin calcium. The method reduces the low molecular weight fractions contained in the intermediate product and makes it possible to get the necessary fraction of nadroparin calcium in high yield.1 cl, 1 dwg, 4 ex
Buprenorphine Sublingual Tablets are supplied as white, sublingual tablets available in 2 mg and 8 mg strengths. The 2 mg buprenorphine tablet is debossed with product identification "54 775" on one side and plain on the other side. The 8 mg buprenorphine tablet is debossed with product identification "54 411" on one side and plain on the other side.

Storage

Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.]

Patients should be advised to store buprenorphine-containing medications safely and out of sight and reach of children. Destroy any unused medication appropriately. [see Patient Counseling (17)]
### Adult

The usual adult oral dosage is 2 to 3 tablespoonfuls (30 to 45 mL, containing 20 g to 30 g of Generlac Solution) three or four times daily. The dosage may be adjusted every day or two to produce 2 or 3 soft stools daily.

Hourly doses of 30 to 45 mL of Generlac Solution may be used to induce the rapid laxation indicated in the initial phase of the therapy of portal-systemic encephalopathy. When the laxative effect has been achieved, the dose of Generlac Solution may then be reduced to the recommended daily dose. Improvement in the patient's condition may occur within 24 hours but may not begin before 48 hours or even later.

Continuous long-term therapy is indicated to lessen the severity and prevent the recurrence of portal-systemic encephalopathy. The dose of Generlac Solution for this purpose is the same as the recommended daily dose.

### Pediatric

Very little information on the use of lactulose in young children and adolescents has been recorded. As with adults, the subjective goal in proper treatment is to produce 2 to 3 soft stools daily. On the basis of information available, the recommended initial daily oral dose in infants is 2.5 to 10 mL in divided doses. For older children and adolescents, the total daily dose is 40 to 90 mL. If the initial dose causes diarrhea, the dose should be reduced immediately. If diarrhea persists, Generlac Solution should be discontinued.
This arm is made up of major patients. Nasal flow point measurements will be performed at D0 and D3.
Study aim is to examine the effect of an online structured support group intervention (SMART Connections) designed to improve retention in HIV care services among youth ages 15-21 years living with HIV enrolled in ART services. A randomized control trial in which youth living with HIV (YLHIV) will be allocated to standard of care (control) or standard of care plus an online support group and followed for 12 months. Structured questionnaires will be administered to participants at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Clinical data will also be extracted on participants. In-depth interviews with a subset of participants and intervention implementers will be completed at the end of the intervention period. Although participants will be recruited from health facilities, the intervention is conducted "virtually," by trained facilitators, not within the health facilities.
Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) is an autoinflammatory condition resulting from monoallelic NLRP3 variants that facilitate IL-1β production. Although these are gain-of-function variants characterized by hypersensitivity to cell priming, patients with CAPS and animal models of the disease may present inflammatory flares without identifiable external triggers. Here we find that CAPS-associated NLRP3 variants are forming constitutively active inflammasome, which induce increased basal cleavage of gasdermin D, IL-18 release and pyroptosis, with a concurrent basal pro-inflammatory gene expression signature, including the induction of nuclear receptors 4 A. The constitutively active NLRP3-inflammasome of CAPS is responsive to the selective NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 and its activation is regulated by deubiquitination. Despite their preactivated state, the CAPS inflammasomes are responsive to activation of the NF-κB pathway. NLRP3-inflammasomes with CAPS-associated variants affect the immunometabolism of the myeloid compartment, leading to disruptions in lipids and amino acid pathways and impaired glycolysis, limiting IL-1β production. In summary, NLRP3 variants causing CAPS form a constitutively active inflammasome inducing pyroptosis and IL-18 release without cell priming, which enables the host's innate defence against pathogens while also limiting IL-1β-dependent inflammatory episodes through immunometabolism modulation.
The invention provides sialic acid-linked indocyanine green Sia-ICG and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical fields of biological medicine and disease treatment. According to the invention, indocyanine green and N-acetylneuraminic acid are coupled through Sia-C9 position to synthesize Sia-ICG. Sia-ICG shows good in vitro performance, in particular in: enhancing stability, reducing nonspecific binding with serum proteins, enhancing biocompatibility, etc. Furthermore, sia-ICG has excellent tumor targeting and longer circulation time in vivo compared to ICG. Importantly, sia-ICG in combination with near infrared laser irradiation produced effective photothermal and photodynamic anti-tumor therapeutic effects. Therefore, sia-ICG is a very attractive new generation anticancer diagnosis and treatment agent, can be applied to clinical diagnosis and treatment of human tumors, and has good practical application value.
BACKGROUND: Rectal cancer patients commonly benefit from neoadjuvant therapy before resection surgery. For these patients, an elective ostomy diversion is frequently considered, despite the absence of conclusive evidence when a diversion is advantageous. This is a retrospective observational single-center study on a 4-year consecutive rectal cancer cohort undergoing neoadjuvant therapy, aiming at improving the understanding of risks and benefits associated with ostomy diversion.
MATERIAL AND METHOD: Baseline characteristics, tumor-specific data, clinical events, and outcomes were collected using the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry and medical records.
RESULTS: Thirty-two (30.2%) of the 106 included patients presented with endoscopic impassable tumors at diagnosis, of which 18 (56.2%) had diverting ostomy. Three out of 14 with impassable tumor and no diversion developed a bowel obstruction. None of the patients with an endoscopically passable tumor at diagnosis (n = 74) experienced a bowel obstruction. The elective diversions (n = 40) were not associated with serious complications (Clavien-Dindo grade ⩾ 3b). Patients with a diverting ostomy (n = 30) had similar time intervals from diagnosis to neoadjuvant treatment and to definite tumor resection as those without diversion but experienced more complex primary tumor resections in terms of blood loss and operation time.
CONCLUSION: An elective diverting ostomy is a relatively safe procedure in rectal cancer patients requiring neoadjuvant therapy. More than one out of five non-diverted patients with endoscopically impassable rectal tumors developed bowel obstruction and would potentially have benefited from an elective diversion.
The present invention relates to a composition for preventing, treating and improving hypertension, which comprises eritadenine as an active ingredient, and a method for extracting eritadenine. Particularly, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition and functional food which competitively inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) to prevent, treat and improve hypertension by using eritadenine as an active ingredient. The present invention also relates to a method for extracting such eritadenine. According to the present invention, eritadenine contained in the pharmaceutical composition and functional food shows strong substrate competitive inhibitory activity corresponding to IC50 of about 0.091M against angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). By virtue of the effect of eritadenine, the pharmaceutical composition and functional food according to the present invention can effectively prevent, treat or improve hypertension. In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to extract eritadenine from the mushrooms other than shiitake mushrooms.
Over the last four decades, assessments of health risks based on estimated radiation doses received by the public have been completed for all major U.S. nuclear testing sites and nuclear fuel cycle facilities in the U.S. except for the Trinity test. This research plan is for a radiationrelated cancer risk projection study for the residents of the state of New Mexico (NM) potentially exposed to radioactive fallout from the Trinity nuclear test conducted in 1945. Data to be collected on diet and lifestyle from the three main ethnic groups in NM (white, Hispanic, and Native American) via focus groups and key informant interviews will be used to derive means and ranges of exposure-related parameters for a dose assessment and risk projection. As preliminary work to this proposal, in 2014 we conducted a pilot study to obtain information from 9 key informants (maximum number allowed under OMB regulations prior to clearance) determined that the elders could recall the relevant time period and relevant lifestyle practices. This work established that it is possible to: 1) locate elderly representative of the ethnic groups, 2) assemble groups of members of tribal, a n d Hispanic/Latino communities in New Mexico who were alive in 1945 at the time of the test to participate in focus groups, and 3) obtain lifestyle and diet information to be used for refining focus group interviewing tools. Due to the successful completion of the pilot phase, here we are proposing a second phase to collect data, on a larger scale, via focus group and individual interviews, on lifestyle and diet from up to 150 Native American, Hispanic/Latino, and non-Hispanic white participants living in New Mexico who were alive at the time of the Trinity detonation (currently greater than or equal to 70 years old). The data collected in the proposed study will allows us to estimate exposure-related parameter values that can be used in fallout dose assessment models to estimate external and internal radiation doses to representative persons in all counties in New Mexico by ethnicity, gender, and age. Those doses will be used with published risk models and coupled with literature-derived parameters on risk/unit dose to project the excess cancers (per 1,000 persons within each strata) expected. Endpoints are leukemia, thyroid cancer, stomach cancer, and colon cancer.
An oral medicine for the treatment of vaginitis is disclosed in the invention, which is a medicament prepared in accordance with general preparation methods and from Chinese medicines comprising, based on the weight parts, 15-25 parts of cape jasmine, 15-25 parts of china root, 7-15 parts of honeysuckle and 5-10 parts of gentian. As demonstrated by test of medicinal effectiveness, the inventive medicine has the effect of preventing Candida albicans from infecting vagina. The invention can reduce the amount of pseudohypha and bacterial amount in a vaginal lavage fluid of mouse and rat, alleviate tissue edema, inflammatory infiltration and hypha. The invention also has the effect of anti-inflammation, reinforcing the phagocytic function of reticulo-endothelial system of the mouse and relieving itching. The effecting dosage for the mouse is 1.5g/kg (being amounted to 1.836g/kg of crude drug), the effecting dosage for the rat is 1.2g/kg (being amounted to 1.4688g/kg of crude drug). The inventive medicine is heat-clearing, damp-drying, insecticidal and itch-relieving, is mainly used for treating colpomycosis damp-heat disease and is an oral medicine for the treatment of the vaginitis with relatively small side effect and excellent treatment effect.
Participants are recruited and selected based on their initial underarm odor and underarm microbiome. The participants use two sprays: one spray containing the bacteria, and the other nothing (placebo). Participants do not know which spray they have. They use one spray during one month, and meanwhile take samples of their underarm microbiome (for sequencing), volatome (for GC/MS analysis) and odor (for odor panel analysis). Samples are stored in the freezer and brought to the university after one month, when they receive the second spray. The bacterial spray contains bacteria that are correlated with good underarm odor.
The present invention provides a compound showing coronavirus 3CL protease inhibitory activity or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same. A compound represented by formula (I) [in the formula: ring A is a ring represented by formula (I-A) (wherein X is a single bond, etc., R 2  is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic carbocyclic group, etc., and R 3c  is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic carbocyclic group, etc.); R 1  is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group; m is 0, etc.; R 5a s are independently a hydrogen atom, etc.; R 5b s are independently a hydrogen atom, etc.; R 6  is cyano, etc.; and R 7a  and R 7b  are independently a hydrogen atom, etc.], or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.