anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Undernutrition impairs linear growth while restoration of nutritional provisions leads to accelerated growth patterns. However, the composition of the nutrition provided is key to facilitating effective catch-up growth without compromising bone quantity, quality, and long-term health.
METHODS: We evaluated the role of a whey protein concentrate enriched in bovine milk exosomes (BMEs) in modulating the proliferative properties of human chondrocytes in vitro and studied how these effects might impact bone quantity and quality measured as longitudinal tibia growth, bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD), and trabecular micro-CT parameters in stunted rats during catch-up growth.
RESULTS: BMEs promoted proliferation in C28/I2 human chondrocytes mediated by mTOR-Akt signaling. In a stunting rat model, two-week supplementation with BMEs during refeeding was associated with improved tibia BMD, trabecular microstructure (trabecular number (Tb. N.) and space (Tb. Sp.)), and a more active growth plate (higher volume, surface, and thickness) compared to non-supplemented stunted rats. Positive effects on physis translated to significantly longer tibias without compromising bone quality when extending the refeeding period for another two weeks.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, BME supplementation positively contributed to longitudinal bone growth and improved bone quantity and quality during catch-up growth. These findings might be relevant for improving diets aimed at addressing the nutritional needs of children undergoing undernutrition during early life.
Risk Summary

The limited available data on Aranesp use in pregnant women are insufficient to determine a drug-associated risk of major birth defects or miscarriage. In animal reproductive and developmental toxicity studies, Aranesp increased early post-implantation loss at doses approximating the clinical recommended starting doses [see Data]. 

Consider the benefits and risks of Aranesp for the mother and possible risks to the fetus when prescribing Aranesp to a pregnant woman.

The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risks of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively.

Data

Animal Data

When Aranesp was administered intravenously during organogenesis to pregnant rats (gestational days 6 to 15) and rabbits (gestational days 6 to 18), there was no evidence of embryofetal toxicity or other adverse outcomes at the intravenous doses tested, up to 20 mcg/kg/day. This animal dose level of 20 mcg/kg/day is approximately 20-fold higher than the clinical recommended starting dose, depending on the patient’s treatment indication. Slightly reduced fetal weights were observed when rat and rabbit mothers received doses of 1 mcg/kg or more, causing exaggerated pharmacological effects in both the rat and rabbit dams. This dose of 1 mcg/kg is near the clinical recommended starting dose. While no adverse effects on uterine implantation occurred in animals, in a rat fertility study, there was an increase in early post-implantation loss at doses equal to or greater than 0.5 mcg/kg, administered 3 times weekly. It is not clear whether the increased post-implantation loss reflects a drug effect on the uterine environment or on the conceptus. No significant placental transfer of Aranesp was observed in rats; placental transfer was not evaluated in rabbits.

In a peri/postnatal development study, pregnant female rats received Aranesp intravenously every other day from implantation (day 6) throughout pregnancy and lactation (day 23). The lowest dose tested, 0.5 mcg/kg, did not cause fetal toxicity; this dose is approximately equivalent to the clinical recommended starting dose. At maternal doses of 2.5 mcg/kg and higher, pups had decreased fetal body weights, which correlated with a slight increase in the incidence of fetal deaths, as well as delayed eye opening and delayed preputial separation. The offspring (F1 generation) of the treated rats were observed postnatally; rats from the F1 generation reached maturity and were mated; no Aranesp related effects were apparent for their offspring (F2 generation fetuses).
PURPOSE:To readily obtain a peptide antibody in a large amount at a low cost by preparing the peptide antibody from eggs produced by a chicken preingesting an antigen and providing the peptide antibody rapidly responsive to an undenatured peptide and affording the maximum antibody value in a short time. CONSTITUTION:Leucine enkephalin which is one kind of neuropeptide as an immunogen for a chicken is synthesized by a solid-phase synthetic method, then mixed with a polvinylpyrrolidone-phosphoric acid-buffered physiological saline solution and a complete Freund's adjuvant and emulsified to provide an antigenic liquid, which is subsequently subcutaneously injected into the thigh of the chicken to immunize the chicken. After immunization for the first time, immunizing operation is carried out three times at an interval of 2 weeks. The egg yolk of collected eggs is separated for 9 weeks after the initial immunization and the phosphoric acid buffered-physiological saline solution in an amount equal to that of the egg yolk is added thereto. A 0.1% sodium alginate solution is further added and centrifugation is performed to measure the specific antibody value of the resultant supernatant. An antibody is then collected from a water-soluble fraction in which the antibody value is raised in about the 7th week. Thereby, a large amount of the objective peptide antibody is readily obtained from the eggs produced by the chicken preingesting the antigen at a low cost.
This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding urinary system stones among the general public in Chengdu, China. Conducted between January and June 2023, this research targeted individuals undergoing physical examinations at the Health Management Center of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital. Structured questionnaires were administered to collect demographic information and assess KAP related to urinary system stones. Following meticulous scrutiny, 1014 valid questionnaires were retained for analysis. The computed scores for knowledge, attitude, and practice were 9.36 ± 4.23 (possible score range 0-17), 37.75 ± 7.20 (possible score range 11-55), and 30.77 ± 4.00 (possible score range 10-50), respectively. These outcomes suggested insufficient knowledge and moderately positive attitudes and practices among the participants. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis revealed a direct impact of knowledge on attitude (β = 0.967, P < 0.001), with attitude subsequently exerting a direct influence on practice (β = 0.167, P < 0.001). This indicated an indirect impact of knowledge on practice. Additionally, there was a direct effect of knowledge on practice (β = 0.167, P < 0.001). In conclusion, the general populace in Chengdu exhibited insufficient knowledge and moderate attitudes and practices concerning urinary stones. These findings underscore the imperative for targeted educational interventions aimed at enhancing public awareness and fostering positive attitudes and practices toward urinary stone prevention and management.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Pseudoaneurysm formation is a potentially fatal complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy. We developed a packing method in which the gastroduodenal artery stump is packed inside a falciform ligament to reduce the post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage due to pseudoaneurysm formation. This study aimed to evaluate its efficacy.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study included 210 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomies between January 2007 and December 2023. The study population was divided into two groups; the packing group (n=110) and the no-packing group (n=100), and the clinical variables were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS: Pseudoaneurysms were observed in six (2.9%) patients, and post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage was observed in four (1.9%) patients. There was no significant difference in pseudoaneurysm formation between the packing and no-packing groups (p=0.477), and the mortality rates for both pseudoaneurysm and post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage were zero. Two patients in the no-packing group were found to have shock, whereas four patients in the packing group (n=4) did not. Additionally, we encountered a 6 cm unruptured pseudoaneurysm following packing.
CONCLUSION: The packing method did not reduce pseudoaneurysm formation after pancreaticoduodenectomy, but may prevent pseudoaneurysm rupture.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Liver resection (LR) is a commonly performed surgical procedure for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma and other liver conditions. Despite its benefits in providing patients a potential cure, it is also associated with significant postoperative complications and prolonged recovery periods. In recent years, pre-operative rehabilitation (prehabilitation) has emerged as an up-and-coming strategy to optimize patients' physical, psychological and functional status before LR, leading to improved surgical and patient postoperative outcomes. Hence, our review aims to explore and synthesize the existing literature on prehabilitation in LR to provide an overview of the current evidence to help guide physicians in managing their patients.
METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in multiple electronic databases from inception to July 2023. The search strategy was tailored to capture studies investigating the role of prehabilitation in LR, and the factors that contribute to beneficial outcomes in the postoperative period.
KEY CONTENT AND FINDINGS: Prehabilitation programs encompass a multifaceted approach to enhance surgical outcomes and patient well-being. This considers the specific needs of the varying patient populations, such as the elderly, or the cancer ridden. Improving physical fitness, nutritional supplementation and psychological support are the common tenets of prehabilitation. In physical prehabilitation, patients are engaged in intensive physical exercise often by means of a cycle ergometer. Addressing nutritional deficiencies through supplements and dietary interventions is also vital. Psychosocial assessments, advance care planning, music therapy, and progressive relaxation exercises are shown to enhance patient resilience and well-being. In addition, innovative approaches such as optimizing fluid balance, avoiding epidural analgesia, perioperative steroid administration, phosphate correction and branched-chain amino acid supplementation are being explored.
CONCLUSIONS: Prehabilitation is important in optimizing patients before LR and is key in improving postoperative outcomes. Several prehabilitation strategies exist, but no formal consensus exists on patient selection and an ideal program.
A medical closure device that is configured to be inserted into a patient's LAA (left atrial appendage) cavity comprises a closure member (1) and at least one fixing member (2), wherein the closure member (1) comprises a lid part (3) and a body part (4) one following the other in a proximal-distal direction. The lid part (3) comprises a cover portion (6) and a ring portion (7), the ring portion (7) being configured to be circumferentially disposed along the rim of an individual LAA ostium, thus sealing the LAA ostium completely. The medical closure device is designed individually for each patient. A method of manufacturing the medical closure device includes the step of forming an LAA model based on computer graphic data of the patient. The LAA model is made by 3-D printing and is an exact reproduction of the patient's LAA. The medical closure device is then preformed using the LAA model.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a cosmetic by placing a cosmetic preparation in a non- aqueous solvent or a high concentration alcohol into a container which is excellent in appearance and made of a less expensive plastic material stable under a high humidity and a high temperature. SOLUTION: A cosmetic preparation obtained by dissolving, dispersing or emulsifying an active component in a non-aqueous solvent or a high concentration alcohol is placed in a container made of a composite material of a high density polyethylene and a polypropylene. The container is preferably composed of an innermost layer of a high density polyethylene, a middle layer of a high density polyethylene and an outermost layer of a polypropylene. The high concentration alcohol is preferably a liquid containing >=50wt.% of alcohol. The active component is pentadecanoic acid glyceride, a vitamin, their derivatives, a crude drug extract, glycyrrhetinic acid, its derivative, etc. The cosmetic is a hair tonic, a setting agent, a treatment agent or a spot and wrinkle preventing agent.
In Los Angeles County, as well as nationally, the primary mode of HIV transmission for African American men is sexual contact with another man. According to national data from 45 states with name-based HIV surveillance in 2006, the majority of all new HIV infections among African American males were associated with sex with other men. The disproportionate impact of HIV in AAMSM in Los Angeles County is also observed in provisional HIV surveillance data. Between 2002 and 2004, AAMSM composed 16.3% of the new HIV diagnoses among males in Los Angeles County, with an average annual HIV diagnosis rate 2.0 and 2.5 times greater than the rates of new HIV diagnosis for White and Latino MSM, respectively. In addition to demonstrating the highest HIV prevalence and incidence estimates, AAMSM also had the highest proportion of previously unrecognized HIV infection (67%) compared with all other racial/ethnic groups. Given significant and continuing disparities in HIV infection among African Americans in the United States, and specifically among AAMSM, more intervention programs must be planned, implemented, and tested in order to reduce the heavy toll of HIV/AIDS in this population. Components of these intervention programs must be culturally competent and should include promotion of HIV counseling and testing to reduce the high prevalence of unrecognized HIV infection in AAMSM. Interventions should also take into consideration the many co-factors that may hinder AAMSM from addressing their HIV risk such as racism, poverty, stigma, and homophobia. The MyLife MyStyle Evaluation Project aims to implement and evaluate the efficacy of a "homegrown" group-level intervention to reduce HIV risk (unprotected anal sex with male partners) among young African American MSM in Los Angeles County, CA.
This study includes single-dose ascending and multiple-dose ascending studies. SAD study may contain 7 dose groups of 2.5 mg, 7.5 mg, 15 mg, 30mg, 50mg, 75mg and 100 mg. MAD study contains 1-4 dose groups which were evaluated in SAD study to be tolerated.
Subjects will be dispensed the Test Contact Lens to wear for two weeks, to be worn in a daily wear modality, attending a follow-up visit in 12-17 days. At the follow-up visit, subjects will be dispensed the Control Contact Lens to wear for two weeks, to be worn in a daily wear modality.
BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignancy. Local anesthetics were displayed powerful effects against various cancers. This study aims to probe the functions and molecular mechanism of ropivacaine in RCC.
METHODS: Different concentrations of ropivacaine were performed to administrate RCC cells including 786-O and Caki-1 cells. Cell viability and cell apoptosis were examined using CCK-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. Cell migration and invasion were determined by transwell assay. RMRP and CCDC65 expression was firstly predicted using TCGA dataset and further validated in RCC cells using qRT-PCR and western blot. The interactions among RMRP, EZH2 and CCDC65 were verified by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays.
RESULTS: Ropivacaine effectively suppressed RCC cell viability, migration and invasion and enhanced cell apoptosis rate. Aberrantly elevated RMRP expression in RCC tissues was predicted by TCGA database. Interestingly, overexpressed RMRP observed in RCC cells could be also blocked upon the administration of ropivacaine. Likewise, RMRP knockdown further strengthened ropivacaine-mediated tumor suppressive effects on RCC cells. In terms of mechanism, RMRP directly interacted with EZH2, thereby modulating the histone methylation of CCDC65 to silence its expression. Moreover, ropivacaine inhibited tumor growth in mice bearing RCC tumor through regulating RMRP/EZH2/CCDC65 axis.
CONCLUSION: In sum up, our work revealed that ropivacaine suppressed capacities of RCC cell viability, migration and invasion through modulating the RMRP/EZH2/CCDC65 axis, which laid the experimental foundation of ropivacaine for clinical application in the future.
Gemcitabine for injection, USP is a nucleoside metabolic inhibitor that exhibits antitumor activity. Gemcitabine HCl USP is 2´-deoxy-2´,2´-difluorocytidine monohydrochloride (β-isomer).

The structural formula is as follows:

The molecular formula for gemcitabine HCl is C9H11F2N3O4 • HCl. It has a molecular weight of 299.66.

Gemcitabine HCl USP is a white to off-white solid. It is soluble in water, slightly soluble in methanol, and practically insoluble in ethanol and polar organic solvents.

Gemcitabine for Injection is supplied in a sterile form for intravenous use only. Vials of gemcitabine for injection, USP contain either 200 mg or 1 g of gemcitabine HCl USP (expressed as free base) formulated with mannitol (200 mg or 1 g, respectively) and sodium acetate trihydrate (20.73 mg or 103.5 mg), or sodium acetate (12.5 mg or 62.5 mg), respectively as a sterile lyophilized powder. Hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide may have been added for pH adjustment.
A machine learning system receives a witness function that is determined based on an initial sample of a dataset comprising multiple pairs of stimuli and responses. Each stimulus includes multiple features. The system receives a holdout sample of the dataset comprising one or more pairs of stimuli and responses that are not used to determine the witness function. The system generates a simulated sample based on the holdout sample. Values of a particular feature of the stimuli of the simulated sample are predicted based on values of features other than the particular feature of the stimuli of the simulated sample. The system applies the holdout sample to the witness function to obtain a first result. The system applies the simulated sample to the witness function to obtain a second result. The system determines whether to select the particular feature based on a comparison between the first result and the second result.
The participant will undergo the procedure under general anaesthesia. A small amount of fat (20-120 cc) will be harvested using liposuction, from the abdomen or the thighs. Randomized allocation will be made and when allocated to the control group, the fat will be discarded and saline will be injected into the painful areas of skin.
Since symptoms of Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis are often identical to bacterial infections, the diagnosis is difficult to make. The disease presents with wheezing, pulmonary infiltrates, and bronchiectasis. The most important diagnostic parameters are asthmatic symptoms with obstruction, positive prick test, elevated total IgE, specific IgE and IgG to Aspergillus fumigatus, eosinophilia and radiological findings. Aspergillus fumigatus acts as an allergen Ig-E mediated allergy. Pathophysiological it is assumed that there are two different mechanisms of allergic inflammation. First, there is a direct effect of Aspergillus fumigatus proteases in the alveolar and bronchial epithelium with release of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-8, IL6, MCP-1) and consecutive chemotaxis of inflammatory cells. Second a CD4+ Th2 response with release of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13. Recently published studies suggest that Aspergillus spores cause the TH2-dependent inflammation directly. So-called Chitinases (part of innate immunity) induce massive IL-13 stimulation. Induction of chitinase activity (CHIT1) leads to an increased remodeling of the lung. It is currently unclear, to which extent Aspergillus-triggered bronchial inflammation in patients with CF is relevant.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a data processing technique relating to the field of medical data processing and, more specifically, to techniques for training and using learning machines.  <P>SOLUTION: A computer-implemented method includes receiving image data (164) from an imaging system (70) and organizing (172) the image data into multiple objects of interest. The method may also include identifying source-invariant features of the multiple objects of interest (168) and classifying the multiple objects of interest via a learning algorithm into categories (170) based, at least in part, on the identified source-invariant features. Further, the method may include outputting a report (174) based at least in part on data derived from the classification of one or more of the multiple objects of interest. Additional methods, systems, and devices are also disclosed.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
The Pima Indians have the highest reported prevalence of NIDDM of any population in the world. Within this population, it is possible to identify subgroups of individuals at a particularly high risk for NIDDM. This project examines whether defects in insulin secretion contribute to the higher risk of NIDDM in these subgroups and whether they progress over the course of the disease.

Healthy Pima men and women at high risk for NIDDM, including individuals in the following 4 groups, will be recruited: 1) persons whose mother and/or father developed diabetes at an early age (less than 35 y); 2) persons whose mothers were diabetic during pregnancy; 3) persons whose birth-weight was less than 2500 g; and 4) persons with enlarged abdominal fat cells (greater than 1.08 microgram lipid/cell). These individuals, as well as subjects with none of the above risk factors and a group of non-Pima controls, will be admitted to the NIH Clinical Research Unit at Phoenix Indian Medical Center for the following series of studies. Body composition will be determined by DXA scanning and by measuring the amount of fat in the abdomen and thigh using MRI. Fat cell size will be determined by image scanning of randomly chosen photographs of the isolated fat cells. Skeletal muscle tissue will be obtained by percutaneous biopsy for histochemical determination of the fat content of muscle cells. A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and a 25-g intravenous glucose tolerance test will be performed. Insulin action will be measured with a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic glucose clamp (insulin infusion: 40mU/m(2) min) and insulin secretory responses to glucose will be measured during a 5-step hyperglycemic glucose clamp immediately thereafter. Pima subjects will be followed longitudinally after discharge from the unit and oral glucose tolerance tests will be performed every three months. Individuals who transition from normal to impaired glucose tolerance or impaired glucose tolerance to diabetic will be invited back to the Clinical Research Center for repeat testing.

By comparing insulin secretion-glucose dose-response curves, it may be possible to discern subtle defects in insulin secretion predisposing certain individuals to NIDDM. In addition, comparison of the responses in the offspring of diabetic pregnancies with those in the offspring of mothers who subsequently became diabetic may allow us to separate defects due to genetic causes from those due to the intrauterine environment. Finally, studying subjects as they progress from normal glucose tolerance to diabetes will test whether the defects in insulin secretion are progressive and contribute to the development of NIDDM.