anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Sinus node dysfunction (SND) is commonly seen in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of pacemaker implantation among patients with SND and AF treated with catheter ablation (CA) versus anti-arrhythmic drugs (AADs).
METHODS: The 2013-2022 Optum Clinformatics database, an administrative claims database for commercially insured individuals in the United States (US), was used for this study. Patients with AF and SND and a history of at least one AAD prescription were identified and classified into CA or AAD cohorts based on subsequent treatment received. Inverse probability treatment weighting was applied to balance socio-demographic and clinical characteristics between the cohorts. Weighted Cox regression modeling was used to evaluate the differential risk of incident permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation. Sub-analyses were performed by AF type (paroxysmal versus persistent).
RESULTS: A total of 1206 patients in the AAD cohort and 1624 patients in the CA cohort were included. Study cohorts were well-balanced post-weighting. The incidence rate of PPM implantation (per 1000 person-year) was 55.8 for the CA cohort and 117.8 for the AAD cohort. Regression analysis demonstrated that the CA cohort had 42% lower risk of incident PPM implantation than those treated with AADs (hazard ratio [HR], 0.58; 95% CI, 0.46-0.72, p < 0.001). CA-treated patients had lower risks of PPM implantation versus AAD-treated patients among those with paroxysmal AF (HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.34-0.69, p < 0.001) and persistent AF (HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.40-0.81, p = 0.002).
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with AF and SND treated with CA have significantly lower risks of incident PPM implantation compared with those treated with an AAD.
The specific treatment regimen is as follows :Non-squamous NSCLC: Sintilimab (200 mg) plus Bevacizumab (7.5mg/kg) is started on the first day of each treatment cycle and administered every three weeks. Nedaplatin (80-100 mg/m2) (d2) +pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 (d2) Q3W is administered in this regimen for 4 cycles followed by sintilimab plus bevacizumab until disease progression or intolerable toxicity.
In the study, 66 mother will randomly assigned to web-based breastfeeding counseling/experimental group and control group. To the web-based breastfeeding counseling/experimental group (n =33), during the first 6 months after birth, they will be directed to the web-based breastfeeding consultancy website. On this page, mothers will receive counseling on breastfeeding (written, visual, audio materials and telephone counseling) from birth. On the other hand, no other intervention will be applied to the control group other than routine treatment and midwifery care. The primary outcome of the research is the effect of web-based breastfeeding counseling on the breastfeeding only for the first six months of mothers. The secondary outcome of the study is to determine the effect of web-based breastfeeding counseling on the breastfeeding motivation of the mothers. The tertiary outcome of the study is to determine the effect of web-based breastfeeding counseling on the breastfeeding problems of the mothers.
BACKGROUND: Displaced diaphyseal fractures can be reduced using the push-pull technique, wherein a plate is affixed to the distal fragment of the fracture, a post screw is placed proximal to the plate, and a lamina spreader creates distraction. This study evaluated the load to failure and mechanism of failure of bicortical and unicortical post screws during reduction.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four matched pairs of cadaver legs were subjected to a 2-cm oblique osteotomy simulating a displaced, oblique diaphyseal fracture. A 6-hole compression plate was affixed to the distal fragment with 2 unicortical locking screws, and a 12-mm unicortical or 20-mm bicortical screw was inserted as a post screw proximal to the plate. A lamina bone spreader was used to exert a distraction force between the plate and the post screw. A mechanical actuator simulated the distraction procedure until failure. Maximum applied load, displacement, and absorbed energy were recorded and compared across unicortical and bicortical groups by paired t tests.
RESULTS: At maximum load, we found statistically significant differences in displacement (P=.003) and energy absorbed (P=.022) between the two groups. All unicortical screws failed through screw toggle and bone cut-out. Bicortical screws failed through bending, with no visible damage to the bone at the screw site.
CONCLUSION: When diaphyseal fractures are significantly shortened and require a greater distraction force to achieve reduction, bicortical screws demonstrate a higher mechanical load to failure and increased bone loss from the screw-removal site. A unicortical post screw may be used if minimal distraction is needed. [Orthopedics. 2024;47(5):308-312.].
The present invention relates to a method for predicting information related to gastric cancer based on a machine learning model and a system for the same. More specifically, the method for predicting information related to gastric cancer based on a machine learning model and the system for the same deduce possibility of pathogenesis of gastric cancer by using a first inference model learned based on lifestyle information that a user inputs. Therefore, the method for predicting information related to gastric cancer based on a machine learning model and the system for the same can provide the user with a service about the possibility of pathogenesis of gastric cancer according to the lifestyle information. The method for predicting information related to gastric cancer based on a machine learning model and the system for the same compress a result of the service and use the compressed data as learning data of a second inference model. Accordingly, the method for predicting information related to gastric cancer based on a machine learning model and the system for the same can provide a prediction service about the possibility of pathogenesis of gastric cancer using the second inference model when the user inputs only a part of the lifestyle information. On the other hand, the present invention corresponds to the result of a study performed by task execution institution 'corporation PCT' by receiving support of 'AI precision medicine solution (Doctor answer 2.0) development (R&D)' (project number S0252-21-1001), which is a research project conducted by Ministry of Science and ICT and National IT industry promotion agency. The method for predicting information related to gastric cancer based on a machine learning model includes a second learning data deducing step, a compressed data generating step, and a second inference model learning step.
A descriptive, longitudinal, quantitative approach was carried out in which 28 preterm infants with diagnosis of pneumonia hospitalized in the NICU and NICU of the Santa Casa de Misericórdia Foundation of Pará (FSCMPA) participated in the study period from July to October 2016. The research obeyed ethical principles Of Resolution 466/12 of the National Health Council (CNS) and was initiated after approval by the Research Ethics Committee of the FSCMPA, opinion 1,690,842. The selection criteria were obtained through the collection of data from the records of newborns and annotated in standardized charts. Once included in the study, the patients were randomly divided into two groups of 14 PTNB, the premature group 1 were submitted to the vibration technique (rhythmic and rapid movements of isometric contraction of the forearm, applied manually over the anterior chest region) and the Of Group 2 to the acceleration of the expiratory flow (soft compression of the thorax applied with one hand in the lower ribs and the other using the ulnar border on the supramammary line). Both techniques were performed with the premature dorsal position, at the time of the expiratory phase, with a maximum duration of 10 minutes, once a day, for three consecutive days, in the afternoon period and by the same physiotherapist. After this procedure, aspiration of the upper airways of premature infants was performed. The pain indicators of the preterm infants (PIPP) of the two groups were evaluated in three moments, before the application of the technique (T1), immediately after the application of the technique (T2) and 15 minutes After its completion (T3), by a researcher previously trained and blind regarding the procedure performed. PIPP is a multidimensional instrument that evaluates pain indicators in the newborn using the following parameters: gestational age and alertness (contextual factors), heart rate and peripheral oxygen saturation (physiological indicators) that were measured by means of a pulse oximeter Of the brand (Dixtal®) and three aspects of facial mimetics (behavioral factors). Their scores may range from 0 to 21, scores less than or equal to 6 indicate absence of pain, scores above 6 represent mild pain and scores higher than 12 indicate the presence of moderate to severe pain.
BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis is a globally prevalent chronic inflammatory disease with high morbidity and mortality. The development of atherosclerotic lesions is determined by macrophages. This study aimed to investigate the specific role of myeloid-derived CD147 (cluster of differentiation 147) in atherosclerosis and its translational significance.
METHODS AND RESULTS: We generated mice with a myeloid-specific knockout of CD147 and mice with restricted CD147 overexpression, both in an apoE-deficient (ApoE-/-) background. Here, the myeloid-specific deletion of CD147 ameliorated atherosclerosis and inflammation. Consistent with our in vivo data, macrophages isolated from myeloid-specific CD147 knockout mice exhibited a phenotype shift from proinflammatory to anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization in response to lipopolysaccharide/IFN (interferon)-γ. These macrophages demonstrated a weakened proinflammatory macrophage phenotype, characterized by reduced production of NO and reactive nitrogen species derived from iNOS (inducible NO synthase). Mechanistically, the TRAF6 (tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6)-IKK (inhibitor of κB kinase)-IRF5 (IFN regulatory factor 5) signaling pathway was essential for the effect of CD147 on proinflammatory responses. Consistent with the reduced size of the necrotic core, myeloid-specific CD147 deficiency diminished the susceptibility of iNOS-mediated late apoptosis, accompanied by enhanced efferocytotic capacity mediated by increased secretion of GAS6 (growth arrest-specific 6) in proinflammatory macrophages. These findings were consistent in a mouse model with myeloid-restricted overexpression of CD147. Furthermore, we developed a new atherosclerosis model in ApoE-/- mice with humanized CD147 transgenic expression and demonstrated that the administration of an anti-human CD147 antibody effectively suppressed atherosclerosis by targeting inflammation and efferocytosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Myeloid CD147 plays a crucial role in the growth of plaques by promoting inflammation in a TRAF6-IKK-IRF5-dependent manner and inhibiting efferocytosis by suppressing GAS6 during proinflammatory conditions. Consequently, the use of anti-human CD147 antibodies presents a complementary therapeutic approach to the existing lipid-lowering strategies for treating atherosclerotic diseases.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is an important regulator of the inflammatory immune response. We aimed to assess the association of common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL-6 (rs1800795 G > C, rs1800797 A > G) and interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) (rs2228145 A > C) genes with HIV-1 infection, AIDS progression, and response to treatment. In this case-control study involving 199 individuals living with HIV-1 and 200 HIV-uninfected controls, we conducted genotyping of IL-6/IL-6R SNPs using TaqMan real-time PCR assays. Soluble IL-6 levels were measured using ELISA. No associations were found between the investigated SNPs and HIV infection. However, a significant association was noted between the C-G and G-A haplotypes and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. Additionally, a significant association was revealed between HIV-1 RNA viral loads and IL-6 SNP G > C in the post-treatment HIV group. Interestingly, we observed a significant association between the investigated SNPs and protection against progression to AIDS, namely the IL-6 G > A SNP in its recessive model and the IL-6R A > C SNP in its codominant and dominant models. Nevertheless, we found no significant differences between IL-6 levels and the different genotypes and alleles of the IL-6 gene either before or after combination antiretroviral therapy. IL-6 promoter haplotypes are associated with susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. Furthermore, IL-6 A > G and IL-6R A > C polymorphisms have been associated with protection against AIDS progression. Interestingly, the IL-6 G > C SNP may affect the response to treatment in people living with HIV-1.
The efficacy of COBENFY for the treatment of schizophrenia in adults was evaluated in two placebo-controlled studies with identical designs (N = 470). Study 1 (NCT04659161) and Study 2 (NCT04738123) were five-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center studies in adult patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the DSM-5 criteria. 

In Study 1 and Study 2, patients randomized to COBENFY were started on an initial dose of 50 mg/20 mg orally twice daily for the first 2 days and if tolerated, followed by 100 mg/20 mg orally twice daily for the remainder of Week 1 (Days 3 to 7). On Day 8, dosing was titrated upwards to 125 mg/30 mg orally twice daily unless the patient could not tolerate it. All patients could return to 100 mg/20 mg orally twice daily for the remainder of the treatment period.

Demographic and baseline disease characteristics were similar for the COBENFY and placebo groups. Median age was 46 years (range 19 to 65 years). Twenty-five percent of patients were female, 31% were White, 68% were Black or African American, and 1% were Other (or not reported). 

The primary efficacy measure was the change from baseline in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score at Week 5. The PANSS is a 30-item scale that measures symptoms of schizophrenia. Each item is rated by a clinician on a seven-point scale. A score of 1 indicates the absence of symptoms, and a score of 7 indicates extremely severe symptoms. The PANSS total score may range from 30 to 210 with higher scores reflecting greater overall symptom severity. 

In Study 1 and Study 2, patients randomized to COBENFY showed a statistically significant reduction from baseline to Week 5 in the PANSS Total Score compared to the placebo group. The results of Studies 1 and 2 are shown in Table 4. A secondary endpoint, the change from baseline to Week 5 on the Clinical Global Impression‒Severity (CGI-S) score, was statistically significant for COBENFY compared to placebo in Study 1. The CGI-S is a validated clinician-rated scale that measures the patient’s current illness state and overall clinical state on a 1 (normal, not at all ill) to 7-point (extremely ill) scale.

Examination of subgroups by age, sex, and race did not suggest differences in response in the study (there were no patients over 65 years of age).

The PANSS Total Score may range from 30 to 210; higher scores reflect greater symptom severity.

SD: standard deviation; SE: standard error; LS Mean: least-squares mean; CI: confidence interval.

a Difference (drug minus placebo) in LS mean change from baseline.

*Statistically significantly superior to placebo.

The change from baseline in PANSS total score to Week 5 is summarized in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Change from Baseline in PANSS Total Score by Week in Adults with Schizophrenia (Study 1)
OBJECTIVES: Staphylococcal small-colony variants (SCVs) are common in cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infections. This is the first retrospective and multi-case study on CIED infections due to staphylococcal SCVs, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical management of CIED and device-related infections caused by staphylococcal SCVs.
METHODS: Ninety patients with culture positive CIED infections were enrolled between 2021 and 2022. We compared the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with and without SCVs and performed genomic studies on SCVs isolates.
RESULTS: Compared to patients without SCVs, those with SCVs had a longer primary pacemaker implantation time and were more likely to have a history of device replacement and infection. They showed upregulated inflammatory indicators, especially higher NEUT% (52.6 vs. 26.8%, P = 0.032) and they had longer hospital stays (median 13 vs. 12 days, P = 0.012). Comparative genomics analysis was performed on Staphylococcus epidermidis wild-type and SCVs. Some genes were identified, including aap, genes encoding adhesin, CHAP domain-containing protein, LPXTG cell wall anchor domain-containing protein, and YSIRK-type signal peptide-containing protein.
CONCLUSION: Staphylococcal SCVs affect the clinical characteristics of CIED infections. The process of staphylococcal SCVs adherence, biofilm formation, and interaction with neutrophils play a vital role.
BACKGROUND: Postintensive care syndrome (PICS) is common in critically ill adults who were treated in the intensive care unit (ICU). Although comparative analyses between types of non-pharmacological measures and usual care to prevent PICS have been performed, it remains unclear which of these potential treatments is the most effective for prevention.
METHODS: To obtain the best evidence for non-pharmaceutical interventions in preventing PICS, a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analyses (NMAs) will be conducted by searching nine electronic databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Two reviewers will carefully screen the titles, abstracts, and full-text papers to identify and extract relevant data. Furthermore, the research team will meticulously check the bibliographic references of the selected studies and related reviews to discover any articles pertinent to this research. The primary focus of the study is to examine the prevalence and severity of PICS among critically ill patients admitted to the ICU. The additional outcomes encompass patient satisfaction and adverse effects related to the preventive intervention. The Cochrane Collaboration's risk-of-bias assessment tool will be utilized to evaluate the risk of bias in the included RCTs. To assess the efficacy of various preventative measures, traditional pairwise meta-analysis and Bayesian NMA will be used. To gauge the confidence in the evidence supporting the results, we will utilize the Confidence in NMA tool.
DISCUSSION: There are multiple non-pharmacological interventions available for preventing the occurrence and development of PICS. However, most approaches have only been directly compared to standard care, lacking comprehensive evidence and clinical balance. Although the most effective care methods are still unknown, our research will provide valuable evidence for further non-pharmacological interventions and clinical practices aimed at preventing PICS. The research is expected to offer useful data to help healthcare workers and those creating guidelines decide on the most effective path of action for preventing PICS in adult ICU patients.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42023439343.
BACKGROUND: Esophageal cancer (EC) is a frequent gastrointestinal malignancy. The most common types of EC pathology worldwide are esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Although surgical resection is still the main treatment modality for EC, most patients are already lost to surgery at the time of presentation due to the late stage. In recent years, the development of radiation therapy (RT) combined with targeted therapy (TT) and immunization therapy (IT) has brought more options for the treatment of EC. During radiation therapy, the radiation therapy area is very close to the trachea and esophagus, so radiation therapy may cause damage to the tissues of the trachea and esophagus, which is also known as a tracheoesophageal fistula (TF). We present the case of an EC patient who developed TF during radiation therapy and gradually improved after a combination of anlotinib and immunotherapy.
METHODS: The patient was diagnosed with poorly differentiated ESCC by pathological biopsy and treated with "lobaplatin + Tegafur Gimeracil Oteracil Porassium Capsule" for 5 cycles.
RESULTS: CT scan of the chest showed progression after treatment. During RT, the patient developed radiotherapy-related adverse effects, which were relieved by symptomatic support therapy. At the end of RT, the patient developed TF, but we chose to let the patient continue his radiation treatment plan with the anti-angiogenic drug "anlotinib."
CONCLUSION: After radiation therapy, the patient continued to be treated with anlotinib and immunotherapy with camrelizumab, and the patient's lesion improved.
Women with last menstrual period between 120 days and 18 months after the last CERVARIX or GARDASIL dose. The target sample size of the Non-exposed vaccinated cohort is 300 subjects.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject inexpensive improver having a good taste capable of being daily ingested by including an isoflavone compound as an active ingredient. SOLUTION: This improver comprises an isoflavone compound such as daidzein, genistein, genistin, daidzin, genistin, as an active ingredient. The compound is obtained, for example, by using a leguminous plant such as soybean, Purataria lobata, as a material and extracting it with an alcohol such as ethanol as a row solvent. A daily intake of the compound is about 0.01-100 mg/kg. In the case of taking a soybean milk or a fermented soybean milk, the intake is generally 50 mg to 5 g/kg calculated as powder. In the case of administration to a domestic animal as a feed, the intake is about 0.1-100 mg/kg.
Preoperative nutrition, relaxation strategies + high intensity interval training (MCT). MCT is continuous exercise with a constant intensity below anaerobic threshold. This will be a personalized, 3 times per week, 40-min exercise. Protein supplement will be prescribed if needed to achieve a daily intake of 1.5 g protein/kg.
The present disclosure belongs to the field of chemical synthesis, and in particular relates to an ammonium carboxylate compound, a crystalline form and an amorphous form, and a preparation method thereof. The present disclosure prepares the compound and the crystalline form I and its single crystal, amorphous form and crystalline form II thereof. The compound, the crystalline forms, the single crystal and the amorphous form can stably exist and exhibit good solid forms, suitable for medicine-making. Furthermore, these products possess high purity and less single impurity. Moreover, the preparation methods of the present disclosure are easy to implement due to the simple processes with mild reaction conditions, and could produce products of high yield and high purity without complex purification steps. Furthermore, the preparation methods may facilitate safety, environmental protection, and industrial production.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a cosmetic that can inhibit pigmentation to skin and manifest excellent skin-whitening effect by suing a combination of an extract of camomile and an extract of a specific plant. SOLUTION: This cosmetic includes (A) an extract of camomile and (B) one or more kinds of plant extracts selected from dog rose fruits and brunet (Sanguisorba officinalis). The component A is preferably the camomile extract extracted with squalane. In a preferred embodiment, the cosmetic additionally includes (C) a chromone derivative represented by the formula (R1 is a 1-16C alkyl; R2 is H, hydroxyl, a 1-6C alkoxy). In the whole amount of this cosmetic, the amount of the component A is 0.00001-5 wt.%, while that of the component B is 0.00001-5 wt.%. In the case where the component C is employed, the content thereof is preferably 0.01-20 wt.% based on the whole amount of this cosmetic whereby a cosmetic that can prevent skin spots and freckles can be provided.