anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Patients undergoing cardiac surgery are at significant risk of postoperative pulmonary complications that may lead to prolonged ICU and hospital stay and increase mortality. The incidence of respiratory complications may be three to four times more common in patients with intrinsic respiratory disease and lower airway obstruction (including asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)), or obese patients or current heavy smokers (\> 10 pack years).

High-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) is increasingly used as a non-invasive form of respiratory support. It delivers low level, flow-dependent positive airway pressure, and is much better tolerated by patients than alternatives such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or non-invasive ventilation. Patients can talk, eat, drink and walk whilst using HFNT. However, there is equipoise regarding its prophylactic use and effect on important patient-centred outcomes. Before the intervention is recommended for routine NHS use in cardiac surgery patients at high risk of pulmonary complications, whether it improves patient-related outcomes and is cost effective in a UK setting needs to be assessed.
The invention belongs to the field of medicine preparation, and particularly relates to application of N-acetylcysteine in preparing a medicament for preventing decompression sickness caused by fast buoyant ascent escape. N-acetylcysteine is dissolved in normal saline to prepare a 50-500mg/mL injection for use. The dosage of an N-acetylcysteine intraperitoneal injection is 150-1000mg/kg, and the dosage of an N-acetylcysteine intravenous injection is 200-500mg/kg. The N-acetylcysteine is used 16-60 minutes before fast buoyant ascent escape. Experiments prove that the N-acetylcysteine can be used for remarkably inhibiting heart failure caused by myocardial fiber fracture due to air bubbles, improving heart functions and reducing lung injury and inflammation, thus reducing pathologic changes caused by decompression sickness. Experimental data is provided to clinically more reasonable application of N-acetylcysteine to prevention of decompression sickness caused by fast buoyant ascent escape.
Perineural invasion (PNI) is a notorious feature of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) and other neurotropic tumors. The pathogenesis of PNI that involves the molecular communication between the tumor and the suffered nerve is elusive. The in vitro co-culture assays of SACC cells with dorsal root ganglia (DRG) or neural cells showed that nerve-derived CCL2 activated CCR2 expression in SACC cells, promoting the proliferation, adhesion, migration, and invasion of SACC cells via the ERK1/2/ITGβ5 pathway. Meanwhile, SACC-derived exosomes delivered ITGβ5 to promote the neurite outgrowth of neural cells or DRG. Blocking of CCL2/CCR2 axis or ITGβ5 inhibited the PNI of SACC cells in models in vitro by 3D co-culture of DRG with SACC cells and in vivo by xenografting SACC cells onto the murine sciatic nerve. High levels of ITGβ5 in tissues or plasma exosomes were significantly correlated with CCL2 and CCR2 expression in the tissues and associated with PNI and poor prognosis of SACC cases. Our findings revealed a novel reciprocal loop between neural and tumor cells driven by the CCL2/CCR2 axis and exosomal ITGβ5 during PNI of SACC. The present study may provide a prospective diagnostic and anti-PNI treatment strategy for SACC patients via targeting the nerve-tumor interactions.
Patients receive atezolizumab IV over 30- 60 minutes on day 1. Cycles repeat every 21 days for a total of 17 doses over up to 12 months in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo CT, MRI, and biopsy on study. Patients also undergo blood sample collection on study.
Specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) promote local macrophage efferocytosis but excess leukocytes early in inflammation require additional leukocyte clearance mechanism for resolution. Here, neutrophil clearance mechanisms from localized acute inflammation were investigated in mouse dorsal air pouches. 15-HEPE (15-hydroxy-5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z-eicosapentaenoic acid) levels were increased in the exudates. Activated human neutrophils converted 15-HEPE to lipoxin A5 (5S,6R,15S-trihydroxy-7E,9E,11Z,13E,17Z-eicosapentaenoic acid), 15-epi-lipoxin A5 (5S,6R,15R-trihydroxy-7E,9E,11Z,13E,17Z-eicosapentaenoic acid), and resolvin E4 (RvE4; 5S,15S-dihydroxy-6E,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z-eicosapentaenoic acid). Exogenous 15-epi-lipoxin A5, 15-epi-lipoxin A4 and a structural lipoxin mimetic significantly decreased exudate neutrophils and increased local tissue macrophage efferocytosis, with comparison to naproxen. 15-epi-lipoxin A5 also cleared exudate neutrophils faster than the apparent local capacity for stimulated macrophage efferocytosis, so the fate of exudate neutrophils was tracked with CD45.1 variant neutrophils. 15-epi-lipoxin A5 augmented the exit of adoptively transferred neutrophils from the pouch exudate to the spleen, and significantly increased splenic SIRPa+ and MARCO+ macrophage efferocytosis. Together, these findings demonstrate new systemic resolution mechanisms for 15-epi-lipoxin A5 and RvE4 in localized tissue inflammation, which distally engage the spleen to activate macrophage efferocytosis for the clearance of tissue exudate neutrophils.
BACKGROUND: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive technique to measure retinal layer thickness, providing insights into retinal ganglion cell integrity. Studies have shown reduced retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. However, it is unclear if there is a common genetic overlap between the macula and peripapillary estimates with PD and if the genetic risk of PD is associated with changes in ganglion cell integrity estimates in young adults.
METHOD: Western Australian young adults underwent OCT imaging. Their pRNFL, GCIPL, and overall retinal thicknesses were recorded, as well as their longitudinal changes between ages 20 and 28. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) were estimated for each participant based on genome-wide summary data from the largest PD genome-wide association study conducted to date. We further evaluated whether PD PRS was associated with changes in thickness at a younger age. To evaluate the overlap between retinal integrity estimates and PD, we annotated and prioritised genes using mBAT-combo and performed colocalisation through the GWAS pairwise method and HyPrColoc. We used a multi-omic approach and single-cell expression data of the retina and brain through a Mendelian randomisation framework to evaluate the most likely causal genes. Genes prioritised were analysed for missense variants that could have a pathogenic effect using AlphaMissense.
RESULTS: We found a significant association between the Parkinson's disease polygenic risk score (PD PRS) and changes in retinal thickness in the macula of young adults assessed at 20 and 28 years of age. Gene-based analysis identified 27 genes common to PD and retinal integrity, with a notable region on chromosome 17. Expression analyses highlighted NSF, CRHR1, and KANSL1 as potential causal genes shared between PD and ganglion cell integrity measures. CRHR1 showed consistent results across multiple omics levels.
INTERPRETATION: Our findings suggest that retinal measurements, particularly in young adults, could be a potential marker for PD risk, indicating a genetic overlap between retinal structural integrity and PD. The study highlights specific genes and loci, mainly on chromosome 17, as potential shared etiological factors for PD and retinal changes. Our results highlight the importance of further longitudinal studies to validate retinal structural metrics as early indicators of PD predisposition.
Inhalation of 10 ml 0.9% normal saline would be administered with an atomizer for 15 minutes prior to intravenous anesthesia. After the intravenous induction, 3ml 0.9% normal saline would be administered into subglottic airway with a catheter.
Nowadays, the role of segment resection in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer ≤ 2 cm in the outer third of the lung field has been evaluated in multiple studies. Recently, professor Hisao Asamura released the long-term results of the JCOG0802 project in AATS 2021. Segmentectomy had a higher 5-year overall survival (94.3% vs. 91.1%) than lobectomy (P \< 0.001) for non-small cell lung cancer ≤ 2 cm (CTR \> 0.5) in the outer third of the lung field. However, a substantial portion of lung nodules was not located in the outer third, but the middle third of the lung field. Whether segmentectomy has non-inferiority long-term oncological effects compared to lobectomy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer ≤ 2 cm in the middle third of lung field remains unclear. This randomized controlled trial study aims to investigate whether segmentectomy has non-inferiority long-term oncological effects compared to lobectomy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer ≤ 2 cm in the middle third of the lung field.
BACKGROUND: Owing to the heterogeneity of prostate cancer (PCa), the clinical indicators traditionally fall short of meeting the requirements for personalized medicine. The realm of RNA modification has emerged as an increasingly relevant domain, shedding light on its pivotal role in tumor heterogeneity. However, the specific contributions of RNA modification regulators within the context of PCa remain largely unexplored.
METHODS: In this study, we undertook a literature review to summarize the common 8 types of RNA modifications (ac4c, AI, APA, m1A, m5c, m6A, m7G, Ψ) encompassing a total of 84 regulators. Moreover, we integrated multi-center cohorts with Ridge regression to develop the Regulators' Co-Expression Score (RMRCoeS). Then we assessed the role of RMRCoeS in several clinical aspects such as biochemical recurrence (BCR), responses to chemotherapy, androgen receptor signaling inhibitor (ARSI) therapy and immunotherapy in PCa. Finally, we validated the cancer-promoting performance of five hub genes through immunohistochemistry and in vitro assays.
RESULTS: Within the mutation landscape of RNA modification regulators, we observed a relatively low overall mutation rate. Remarkably, RMRCoeS, comprising 81 RNA modification regulators, exhibited a notable capability for accurately predicting the prognosis and therapeutic responses in PCa patients subjected to BCR, chemotherapy, ARSI therapy, and immunotherapy. A high RMRCoeS was indicative of a poor prognosis and unfavorable therapy responses. Functional enrichment analysis unveiled that RMRCoeS may exert its influence on PCa progression through various metabolic pathways. Furthermore, a higher RMRCoeS showed a positive correlation with elevated CNV mutations. Lastly, we validated the oncogene effects of CPSF4, WBSCR22, RPUSD3, TRMT61A, and NSUN5-five hub regulators-within the context of PCa.
CONCLUSION: The function of different RNA modifications is interconnected. Comprising eight distinct RNA modifications' regulators, RMRCoeS exhibits multifaceted roles in various aspects of PCa, including disease progression, prognosis, and responses to multiple therapies. Furthermore, we provide the initial validation of the oncogene effect associated with WBSCR22, RPUSD3, TRMT61A and NSUN5 in PCa. Our findings offer novel insights into the significance of RNA modifications in PCa personalized medicine.
Participants will be instructed to brush the two test teeth first, then the whole mouth (all teeth) for 1-timed minute, twice daily (morning and evening) with Sensodyne Sensitivity \& Gum. After brushing, participants will be instructed to rinse once with 10 milliliters (mL) of water using the measuring cup provided.
INTRODUCTION: Although the management of gynecological cancers recurrences may be challenging, due to the heterogeneity of recurrent disease, the aim of this work is to present a descriptive analysis of gynecological malignancies recurrences in our institution treated by robotic approach.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective review and analysis of data of patients who underwent robotic surgery for recurrent gynecological malignancies at Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, from January 2013 to January 2024.
RESULTS: A total of 54 patients underwent successful robotic cytoreductive surgery. The median age was 63 years; the median BMI was 33 kg/m2 and most of the patients (59 %) were obese. In 12 cases (22 %) the relapse presented was the second or third relapse. The most frequent patterns of recurrence were represented by lymph nodes (41 %), followed by peritoneal (26 %), pelvic (22 %) and parenchymal (11 %). In all patients complete cytoreduction was achieved. In 29 patients (54 %) the surgical field was previous treated. The median operative time and estimated blood loss were, respectively, 270 min and 100 ml. There were 2 intraoperative complications, managed endoscopically; 10 early postoperative complications, and 3 late postoperative complications. The 2-year progression-free-survival and overall survival were, respectively, 39.8 % and 72.3 %.
CONCLUSION: Robotic approach in the treatment of recurrent gynecological cancers should be considered in selected patients with oligometastatic disease, in high-volume centers with expert surgeons, particularly in obese patients.
Best Available Therapy as selected by the investigator from: Hydroxyurea, Pegylated-Interferon (IFN/PEG-IFN), pipobroman, anagrelide, IMIDs, or observation. Participants randomized to BAT who did not respond by Week 28 were eligible to crossover and start treatment with ruxolitinib.
In phase 2, the schools will be randomized a second time after data analysis at 5 months to determine which communication strategy is determined to provide the best uptake of testing by students and staff. Three schools will be randomized to receive the best messaging strategy alone to begin at 7 months after testing starts.
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and chronic sterile inflammation are associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Catechins are natural polyphenolic compounds found in green tea that possess some health benefits. However, whether (+)-catechin can reduce tubular injury in DN by regulating ER stress and NLRP3-associated inflammation remains uncertain. This study examined the effects of (+)-catechin on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice and on palmitic acid (PA)-treated HK-2 cells. In vivo, a DN mouse model was generated by injecting STZ. The biochemical indicators of serum and urine, as well as renal histopathology and ultrastructure were analysed. To predict the mechanisms associated with (+)-catechin, network pharmacology and molecular docking were used. Finally, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), western blot analysis and immunofluorescence analysis were performed to measure the mRNA and protein expressions of specific targets in the renal tissue of DN mice and PA-treated HK-2 cells to validate the predicted results. (+)-Catechin significantly ameliorated renal function and pathological changes associated with tubular injury by inhibiting ER stress by downregulating of GRP78, PEAK, CHOP, ATF6 and XBP1. In addition, (+)-catechin inhibited renal inflammation by suppressing NLRP3 associated inflammation, which was characterized by the downregulation of NLRP3, ASC, AIM2, Caspase1, IL-1β and IL-18 in DN mice and PA-treated HK-2 cells. Collectively, these findings suggested that (+)-catechin exerted a renoprotective effect against DN by inhibiting ER stress and NLRP3-related inflammation to ameliorate tubular injury, suggesting the therapeutic potential of (+)-catechin.
The invention relates to a cultivation method for medicinal common morel and a product thereof. A common morel fruiting body is selected for cultivating a mycelium on a culture medium. Four culture medium solid materials and spinach juice aqueous solution are mixed into a pasty state and then are prepared into the culture medium after sterilization. The common morel fruiting body is selected to inoculate on the culture medium and is cultivated at 23+-2 DEG C for 15 to 20 days to obtain the common morel mycelium for standby. Then the mixed paste of the culture medium and Chinese traditional medicine powder are evenly mixed in the weight ratio of 1:2.0 to 1:2.5; the common morel mycelium is planted into the culture medium after sterilization; fermentation cultivation is carried out at 23+-2 DEG C for 30 to 60 days; and the medicinal common morel powder is obtained after drying and crushing. The invention can effectively improve the function of the common morel mycelium, and improve the bioactivity of the medicinal common morel. The product has the health care functions of strengthening the human body immunity, and resisting cancers and ageing, and has the functions of tonifying the kidney and strengthening yang, enriching the blood and giving a lift, preventing and treating rheumatalgia and dyspepsia, and invigorating the spleen and tonifying the kidney.
BACKGROUND: Advances in medicine have enabled more patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) to become pregnant. However, these patients face significant challenges during the peripartum period. Current peripartum anesthesia guidelines for CHD patients mainly rely on case reports and small series.
METHODS: In this retrospective study at a high-volume tertiary care center, we analyzed peripartum anesthetic approaches, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) incidence, and maternal outcomes in CHD patients stratified by the modified World Health Organization (mWHO) classification.
RESULTS: Among 85 473 deliveries between 2009 and 2023, 409 occurred in 282 patients with CHD. Cesarean deliveries were significantly more frequent in mWHO class III, p=0.005. Labor epidural analgesia was the most common analgesic modality for vaginal deliveries (epidural rate was 71.1% with no differences between mWHO classes). Anesthesia management for cesarean deliveries varied significantly by class p<0.001. While spinal anesthesia was predominant in classes I and II, combined spinal-epidural anesthesia was more common in class III. PPH incidence was 6.4%, with no significant difference across classes, and no association was found between mWHO class severity and PPH risk (OR 0.97; 95% CI; 0.93 to 1.02, p=0.2). Higher mWHO classes correlated with significantly higher intensive care unit (ICU) admission rates, longer hospital stays, and one-year cardiac hospitalizations.
CONCLUSION: In this retrospective study on the peripartum anesthetic management and outcomes of CHD patients stratified by mWHO class, cases with greater mWHO class were more likely to deliver preterm, by cesarean delivery, with a combined spinal-epidural anesthetic and an arterial line placement for that cesarean delivery. They overall had a longer hospital stay and were more likely to be admitted to the ICU. However, the overall risk of PPH did not increase with mWHO class severity.
Mechanism of Action: Midodrine hydrochloride forms an active metabolite, desglymidodrine, that is an alpha1-agonist, and exerts its actions via activation of the alpha-adrenergic receptors of the arteriolar and venous vasculature, producing an increase in vascular tone and elevation of blood pressure. Desglymidodrine does not stimulate cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors. Desglymidodrine diffuses poorly across the blood-brain barrier, and is therefore not associated with effects on the central nervous system.

Administration of midodrine hydrochloride results in a rise in standing, sitting, and supine systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with orthostatic hypotension of various etiologies. Standing systolic blood pressure is elevated by approximately 15 to 30 mmHg at 1 hour after a 10-mg dose of midodrine, with some effect persisting for 2 to 3 hours. Midodrine hydrochloride has no clinically significant effect on standing or supine pulse rates in patients with autonomic failure.

Pharmacokinetics: Midodrine hydrochloride is a prodrug, i.e., the therapeutic effect of orally administered midodrine is due to the major metabolite desglymidodrine, formed by deglycination of midodrine. After oral administration, midodrine hydrochloride is rapidly absorbed. The plasma levels of the prodrug peak after about half an hour, and decline with a half-life of approximately 25 minutes, while the metabolite reaches peak blood concentrations about 1 to 2 hours after a dose of midodrine and has a half-life of about 3 to 4 hours. The absolute bioavailability of midodrine (measured as desglymidodrine) is 93%. The bioavailability of desglymidodrine is not affected by food. Approximately the same amount of desglymidodrine is formed after intravenous and oral administration of midodrine. Neither midodrine nor desglymidodrine is bound to plasma proteins to any significant extent.

Metabolism and Excretion: Thorough metabolic studies have not been conducted, but it appears that deglycination of midodrine to desglymidodrine takes place in many tissues, and both compounds are metabolized in part by the liver. Neither midodrine nor desglymidodrine is a substrate for monoamine oxidase.

Renal elimination of midodrine is insignificant. The renal clearance of desglymidodrine is of the order of 385 mL/minute, most, about 80%, by active renal secretion. The actual mechanism of active secretion has not been studied, but it is possible that it occurs by the base-secreting pathway responsible for the secretion of several other drugs that are bases (see also Potential for Drug Interactions).
Medicament/cosmetic carrier in the form of a wound plaster, for use with liquid or powder, has a plastic foil (1) embossed in round, oval or square recesses, filled with absorbent wadding or woven material (4), stuck to the inner wall of the recess and impregnated with the liquid or powdered skin treatment/healing agent. End straps (6) with adhesive coating (7) are integral with the container portion. These straps or tabs (6) may be perforated for improved adhesion to the skin. Simplicity and convenience. The exposed face of the wadding (4) is covered by a tear-off plastic film (5). Specifically, two separate elements (1,5) may be joined by a nose piece (12) and used for eye treatment, or for cosmetic eye lotion application.
PURPOSE: A composition containing steviol and isosteviol derivatives for promoting animal/plant growth is provided to enhance product yield and to maintain color and freshness of a product. CONSTITUTION: A steviol derivative of pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is denoted by chemical formula 1. In chemical formula 1, R and R' are each hydrogen, C1-4 alkyl, or group 1 or 2 element. An isoteviol derivative or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is denoted by chemical formula 2. A composition for promoting animal/plant growth contains the steviol derivative or salt as an active ingredient. The concentration of active ingredients of steviol or isosteviol salt or derivative is 0.0001%(w/v) or 0.1%(w/v). A plant fertilizer and animal feed contain the composition.
PURPOSE: A monascus pigment amine derivative which suppresses differentiation of adipocyte precursor cells is provided to inhibit 3T3-L1 differentiation process and to prevent or treat obesity. CONSTITUTION: A composition for preventing or treating obesity contains an amine derivative compound of chemical formula 1 and pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The amine derivative compound is synthesized by culturing Monascus sp. J101(KCCM 10093) in liquid to preparing Monascus orange pigment and reacting with amine compound. A food for preventing or treating obesity contains the amine derivative compound of chemical formula 1. The food is manufactured in the form of beverage, chocolate, snack, pizza, ramen, noodles, gums, candies, ice creams, drink, vitamin complex and health additive.