anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study is to assess the possible predictors of microvascular free flap failure and determine the critical postoperative timing of flap failure, thereby minimizing this adverse outcome.
METHODS: This is a retrospective single-institutional review of 1569 free flap operations. All free flaps with outcome status recorded were analyzed for possible predictors in the development of microvascular compromise. Compromised cases were then analyzed for differences in time to compromise and time to theater takeback between salvaged versus failed free flaps.
RESULTS: Of the assessable 1569 free flaps, 31 developed microvascular compromise (2.0%); the salvage rate was 20.0%, and overall failure rate was 1.5%. Osteocutaneous free flaps in head and neck had increased risk of developing free flap failure compared to other flaps (odds ratio = 3.8, 95% confidence interval: 1.2-12.7). Among breast patients, previous radiotherapy had a significant association with flap failure ( P < 0.001). Free flap salvage rates dropped from 38.5% to 7.7% for compromises detected after 24 hours ( P = 0.160), and from 57.1% to 11.1% for free flaps taken back to theater greater than 3 hours after compromise detection ( P = 0.032).
CONCLUSIONS: Delays in compromise detection and flap takeback to theater resulted in reduced salvage rates, with the critical timing of takeback being under 3 hours. Standardized flap monitoring protocols and incorporation of newer technologies could see faster detection and improved salvage rates. Additional care is required when reconstructing: osteocutaneous head and neck free flaps and previously irradiated breast patients.
PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence and clinical impact of occult bacteremia in liver transplantation (LT).
METHODS: This prospective observational study involved a fixed-point observation for up to 2 weeks after living donor LT in 20 recipients, with 20 donors as comparison subjects. Bacteria in the blood samples were detected using the ribosomal RNA-targeted reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction method. To identify the causality with the gut microbiota (GM), fecal samples were collected and analyzed simultaneously.
RESULTS: Occult bacteremia was identified in four recipients (20%) and three donors (15%) before the operation, and in seven recipients (35%) and five donors (25%) after the operation. Clostridium leptum subgroup, Prevotella, Colinesella, Enterobacteriaceae, and Streptococcus were the main pathogens responsible. Although it did not negatively affect the donor post-hepatectomy outcomes, the recipients with occult bacteremia had a higher rate of infectious complications post-LT. The GM analyses showed fewer post-LT predominant obligate anaerobes in both the recipients and donors with occult bacteremia.
CONCLUSIONS: Occult bacteremia is a common condition that occurs in both donors and recipients. While occult bacteremia generally remains subclinical in the healthy population, there is potential risk of the development of an apparent post-LT infection in recipients who are highly immunosuppressed.
A polymeric g -ferric oxide-hydroxide of formula (g -FeOOH)n is said to be formed in the preparation of a ferric hydroxide-polyisomaltose complex.  An aqueous solution of an alkali metal carbonate or bicarbonate is added to an aqueous solution of polyisomaltose and an iron salt at 15-25 DEG  C., to give a pH of about 2.6.  Alkali metal hydroxide is then added to form a suspension of pH 11 or more, and the suspension is heated to form a solution.ALSO:A ferric hydroxide-polyisomaltose (i.e. water-soluble dextran) complex comprises 2 mols. of iron per anhydroglucose unit.  The complex, which contains about 33% of iron, is made by adding to an acidic solution of polyisomaltose and a water-soluble iron compound at 15 DEG  to 25 DEG  C., an aqueous solution of an alkali metal carbonate or bicarbonate, subsequently adding an alkali metal hydroxide, heating the resulting suspension to form a solution and neutralizing the solution.  Specified iron compounds are ferric chloride, acetate, sulphate or nitrate. The solution of the complex may be neutralized, e.g. addition of acids or ion-exchange resins. Electrolytes may be removed by further addition of ion-exchange resins or by dialysis, and the complex may be isolated by precipitation with organic solvents or by evaporation of the solution.  The viscosity of the polyisomaltose may be reduced, if necessary, by heating and subsequently cooling the acids olution of iron compound and polyisomaltose.  Preferably, alkali metal carbonate or bicarbonate is added to give a pH of about 2.6, and alkali metal hydroxide to give a suspension of pH not less than 11.  The suspension may be heated to e.g. 90-100 DEG  C.  The polysaccharide is said to complex with a polymeric g -ferric oxide-hydroxide (g -FeOOH)n (Division C1).  The complex is non-colloidal, and has therapeutic properties (Division A5).  Specifications 748,024, Canadian Specifications 623,411, 623,412 and U.S.A. Specification 2,885,393 are referred to.ALSO:A parenterally-injectable composition for the treatment of iron-deficiency anaemia contains an iron hydroxide-polyisomaltose (a water-soluble dextran) complex comprising 2 moles of iron per anhydroglucose unit and containing about 33% by weight of iron. Specification 748,024 is referred to.
Our control group will consist of an observational cohort of 40 patients in whom we will make quantitative assessments of the Train-of-four ratio (TOF ratio). This is done using the TOF-Watch SX monitor. The monitor will be calibrated after induction of general anesthesia, measurement of the TOF ratio will be obtained at time of extubation and again at the time of arrival to the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU).
Mania is associated with disturbed dopaminergic transmission in frontotemporal regions. D-amphetamine (AMPH) causes increased extracellular DA levels, considered an acknowledged mania model in rodents. Doxycycline (DOXY) is a second-generation tetracycline with promising neuroprotective properties. Here, we tested the hypothesis that DOXY alone or combined with Lithium (Li) could reverse AMPH-induced mania-like behavioral alterations in mice by the modulation of monoamine levels in brain areas related to mood regulation, as well as cytoprotective and antioxidant effects in hippocampal neurons. Male Swiss mice received AMPH or saline intraperitoneal (IP) injections for 14 days. Between days 8-14, mice receive further IP doses of DOXY, Li, or their combination. For in vitro studies, we exposed hippocampal neurons to DOXY in the presence or absence of AMPH. DOXY alone or combined with Li reversed AMPH-induced risk-taking behavior and hyperlocomotion. DOXY also reversed AMPH-induced hippocampal and striatal hyperdopaminergia. In AMPH-exposed hippocampal neurons, DOXY alone and combined with Li presented cytoprotective and antioxidant effects, while DOXY+Li also increased the expression of phospho-Ser133-CREB. Our results add novel evidence for DOXY's ability to reverse mania-like features while revealing that antidopaminergic activity in some brain areas, such as the hippocampus and striatum, as well as hippocampal cytoprotective effects may account for this drug's antimanic action. This study provides additional rationale for designing clinical trials investigating its potential as a mood stabilizer agent.
OBJECTIVE: We here explored whether perinatal nonylphenol (NP) exposure causes myocardial fibrosis (MF) during adulthood in offspring rats and determined the role of the TGF-β1/LIMK1 signaling pathway in NP-induced fibrosis in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs).
METHODS AND RESULTS: Histopathology revealed increased collagen deposition and altered fiber arrangement in the NP and isoproterenol hydrochloride (ISO) groups compared with the blank group. Systolic and diastolic functions were impaired. Western blotting and qRT-PCR demonstrated that the expression of central myofibrosis-related proteins (collagens Ι and ΙΙΙ, MMP2, MMP9, TGF-β1, α-SMA, IL-1β, and TGF-β1) and genes (Collagen Ι, Collagen ΙΙΙ, TGF-β1, and α-SMA mRNA) was upregulated in the NP and ISO groups compared with the blank group. The mRNA-seq analysis indicated differential expression of TGF-β1 signaling pathway-associated genes and proteins. Fibrosis-related protein and gene expression increased in the CFs stimulated with the recombinant human TGF-β1 and NP, which was consistent with the results of animal experiments. According to the immunofluorescence analysis and western blotting, NP exposure activated the TGF-β1/LIMK1 signaling pathway whose action mechanism in NP-induced CFs was further validated using the LIMK1 inhibitor (BMS-5). The inhibitor modulated the TGF-β1/LIMK1 signaling pathway and suppressed the NP-induced increase in fibrosis-related protein expression in the CFs. Thus, the aforementioned pathway is involved in NP-induced fibrosis.
CONCLUSION: We here provide the first evidence that perinatal NP exposure causes myocardial fibrosis in growing male rat pups and reveal the molecular mechanism and functional role of the TGF-β1/LIMK1 signaling pathway in this process.
Teens with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) obtain less sleep than their peers, with up to 75% of youth with ADHD obtaining insufficient sleep. This is noteworthy since insufficient sleep is associated with a multitude of negative outcomes in typically developing teens, including academic underachievement, emotion dysregulation, and mental health problems - all outcomes that occur at higher rates among teens with ADHD. Our pilot work demonstrates that insufficient sleep is correlated with depression, behavior problems, and academic impairment in teens with ADHD specifically and insufficient sleep is clearly associated with greater attentional problems in typical teens. However, no experimental study has examined whether sleep duration is causally linked to attentional, behavioral, emotional, and academic impairments in teens diagnosed with ADHD. If sleep problems contribute to functional impairments in teens with ADHD, then they represent an overlooked treatment target. Experimental studies provide the strongest test of causality, and studies using at-home sleep restriction protocols in teens without ADHD show a causal link between shortened sleep duration and impairment. However, administering an at-home sleep restriction protocol may be especially challenging for teens with ADHD due to their difficulties with organizing bedtime and wake activities, as well as differences from healthy teens in biological circadian preference. Thus, a critical first step in examining sleep as causally related to impairment in teens with ADHD is documenting the feasibility of using an at-home sleep restriction protocol with this population. This study will (1) evaluate the feasibility of using an at-home sleep restriction protocol in teens with ADHD, and (2) collect preliminary data examining whether shortened sleep duration is causally linked to attentional, behavioral, emotional, and academic impairment in teens with ADHD. These goals will be accomplished by recruiting 54 teens with ADHD who will undergo a three-week sleep manipulation protocol. Specifically, a cross-over design will be used that includes a week of typical sleep followed by weeks of sleep restriction or sleep extension. Sleep functioning will be assessed during these three weeks with daily sleep diary and objective sleep measurement (i.e., actigraphy). After each sleep condition, teens and their parents will complete subjective and objective measures of attention, behavior, mood, and academics. Findings from this study will allow us to identify and address barriers to administering an at-home sleep restriction and extension protocol to teens with ADHD and pursue larger-scale experimental research examining sleep problems as causally linked to impairment. This research is clinically significant since teens with ADHD frequently experience a range of impairments that extend well into adulthood. If short sleep duration contributes to functional impairments in teens with ADHD, then sleep represents a modifiable and overlooked treatment target.
A sustained release tablet comprises compressed granules containing an active medicament dispersed in a dried aluminium hydroxide gel which are coated with a water-soluble binder.  An inert filler, a solid fatty acid having at least 10 carbon atoms and an emulsifying agent for said acid may be included.  The tablet slowly disintegrates as it passes through the gastro-intestinal tract, the rate of disintegration being controlled by the proportion of aluminium hydroxide gel, which may range from 10 to 30% by weight and by inclusion of a saturated fatty acid having at least 10 carbon atoms in the proportion of 10 to 30% by weight.  The binder may be, for example, a sugar syrup, a gum, carboxymethyl cellulose in the proportion of 10 to 20% by weight; the inert filler may be, for example, di- or tri-calcium phosphate, kaolin or calcium sulphate. The emulsifying agent, advantageously added in the proportion of 3 to 10% by weight when a fatty acid is included, may be sodium taurocholate or sodium glycocholate.  Examples of the composition and preparation of various tablets are given which show disintegration times in synthetic gastric juice ranging from 9 to 29 hours.
How we move our bodies affects how we perceive sound. For instance, head movements help us to better localize the source of a sound and to compensate for asymmetric hearing loss. However, many auditory experiments are designed to restrict head and body movements. To study the role of movement in hearing, we developed a behavioral task called sound-seeking that rewarded freely moving mice for tracking down an ongoing sound source. Over the course of learning, mice more efficiently navigated to the sound. Next, we asked how sound-seeking was affected by hearing loss induced by surgical removal of the malleus from the middle ear. After bilateral hearing loss sound-seeking performance drastically declined and did not recover. In striking contrast, after unilateral hearing loss mice were only transiently impaired and then recovered their sound-seek ability over about a week. Throughout recovery, unilateral mice increasingly relied on a movement strategy of sequentially checking potential locations for the sound source. In contrast, the startle reflex (an innate auditory behavior) was preserved after unilateral hearing loss and abolished by bilateral hearing loss without recovery over time. In sum, mice compensate with body movement for permanent unilateral damage to the peripheral auditory system. Looking forward, this paradigm provides an opportunity to examine how movement enhances perception and enables resilient adaptation to sensory disorders.
The present invention discloses a sunflower seed composition rich in pleasant prohormone and anti-depression application thereof, and belongs to the field of extraction and application of natural products. Sunflower seeds used in the composition provided by the present invention are rich in tryptophan and have a high tryptophan/neutral amino acid ratio. After defatting treatment and chlorogenic acid removal treatment, and added part can increase a glycemic index. Glucose and vitamins for promoting absorption conversion of tryptophan and ω-3 fatty acids beneficial to nervous activities enable the sunflower seeds to have a better anti-depression effect. The sunflower seed composition of the present invention can improve concentrations of a monoamine neurotransmitter (serotonin) and dopamine in the brain and has a very good effect of ameliorating and treating depression. This composition uses natural sunflower seeds as raw material and is remarkable in anti-depression effect, rich in source and free of side effects.
Anxiety is common among women hospitalized for oocyte retrieval. Infertility is usually accompanied by psychological and behavioral changes and can result in preoperative anxiety. Sometimes, preoperative anxiety can be serious. Furthermore, in the absence of premedication for oocyte retrieval, severe degrees of anxiety may occur. Anxiety effects the total consumption of analgesic and anesthetic drugs intraoperatively and has a negative impact on recovery from anesthesia. In addition, the negative effect of anesthetic agents used on fertilization and embryo quality during in vitro fertilization (IVF) has been discussed. However, the impact of any of them on fertilization and embryo quality has not been clearly determined to date. Studies have reported different results regarding the negative effects of anesthetic agents on embryo development and fertilization.
Freezing of Gait (FOG) is a noticeable symptom of Parkinson's disease, like being stuck in place and increasing the risk of falls. The wearable multi-channel sensor system is an efficient method to predict and monitor the FOG, thus warning the wearer to avoid falls and improving the quality of life. However, the existing approaches for the prediction of FOG mainly focus on a single sensor system and cannot handle the interference between multi-channel wearable sensors. Hence, we propose a novel multi-channel time-series neural network (MCT-Net) approach to merge multi-channel gait features into a comprehensive prediction framework, alerting patients to FOG symptoms in advance. Owing to the causal distributed convolution, MCT-Net is a real-time method available to give optimal prediction earlier and implemented in remote devices. Moreover, intra-channel and inter-channel transformers of MCT-Net extract and integrate different sensor position features into a unified deep learning model. Compared with four other state-of-the-art FOG prediction baselines, the proposed MCT-Net obtains 96.21% in accuracy and 80.46% in F1-score on average 2 s before FOG occurrence, demonstrating the superiority of MCT-Net.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: there is specified an injection point spaced from the elbow bend line at a distance exceeding the length of a catheter with anaesthesia of the injection point. Above the specified injection point, a tourniquet is twisted tightly. Before puncturing, a forearm in said region and below is cooled to ensure stable cold hyperaemia, while the specified vein region is filled with blood by uplifting the cooled forearm and slip squeezing in this position from the hand towards the specified vein region. Before the procedure, a catheter needle, a syringe, an infusion system and drug solutions are cooled to 0C, taken with gloves made of a heat-insulating material. With observing aseptic environment, the vein is punctured with the tightly fixed catheter to enable bleeding from a lumen of the needle to be thereafter advanced forward by 3-4 mm. Then the needle is smoothly removed, and simultaneously the catheter is introduced in the vein by 1-4 cm. And the catheter used is provided with a working part representing a free-standing fitting softened and lengthened at temperature +33C and higher. Thereafter the limb is repositioned in relation to the patient's trunk so that an open box of the catheter is lower than the right atrium of the patient; in this position, the tourniquet is released. A cannula of the catheter is connected to the infusion system; the catheter is fixed to the skin with X-ray aided positioning thereof. Through the catheter, there are introduced the drug solutions additionally containing an anticoagulant agent, namely cold 4% sodium hydrocarbonate used to fill in the catheter needle before introduced in the vein, then the catheter is filled in once again immediately after removing the needle therefrom and after each drug introduced. ^ EFFECT: method allows improving efficiency and safety of intravenous drug introduction ensured by higher accuracy of specifying the puncture point, ensured local hypothermia and blood hypocoagulations that prevents physical and chemical injury of endothelium of the veins and does not impede with washing the catheter. ^ 1 ex
Nanoparticles and formulations for treating prostate cancer in a subject are disclosed. The nanoparticles contain a cage, such as a zeolitic imidazolate framework ("ZIF"), a surface modifying agent, a targeting ligand, and an active agent. The surface modifying ligand is attached to the outer surface of the cage and the targeting ligand is exposed to the surrounding environment. The active agent is encapsulated in the cage. The targeting ligand binds to a reproductive hormone or a receptor of a reproductive hormone. The active agents can be a ribosome inactivating protein, an apoptosis inducer, a hormone, a receptor ligand, or a nucleic acid, or a chemotherapy drug or a combination thereof, that kill and/or reduce or prevent growth or proliferation of gonadotroph cells and/or tumor cells, regulate FSH and/or LH secretion, and/or interfere with androgen production. Uses for formulations incorporating the nanoparticles for treating cancer in a subject are also disclosed.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a preventive and therapeutic agent for thrombocytopenia by containing parathyroid hormone(PTH) or a PTH derivative. SOLUTION: This preventive and therapeutic agent for thrombocytopenia contains humane PTH (1-84) or its derivative, or PTH or humane PTH (1-34) as an effective ingredient. It is effective for preventing and curing patients suffering from thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic peliosis and various diseases expressing bleeding tendency which is seemed to be caused by decrease of platelets. A formulation of the agent can be prepared by a usual formulating method of a peptide in forms of an injection, an encapsulation in microcapsules, an inclusion in a get-like sheet, etc., as the formulation for localization and slow acting. An administration frequency is possible for once a month to an every day administration, preferably once/two weeks to five times/a week, or the everyday administration. The dose is 1-1000μg/kg body weight.
Exposure to micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) has been implicated in potential cardiotoxicity. However, in vitro models based on cardiomyocyte cell lines lack crucial cardiac characteristics, while interspecies differences in animal models compromise the reliability of the conclusions. In addition, current research has predominantly focused on single-time point exposures to MNPs, neglecting comparative analyses of cardiac injury across early and late stages. Moreover, there remains a large gap in understanding the susceptibility to MNPs under pathological conditions. To address these limitations, this study integrated cardiac organoids (COs) and organ-on-a-chip (OoC) technology to develop the cardiac organoid-on-a-chip (COoC), which was validated for cardiotoxicity evaluation through multiple dimensions. Based on COoC, we conducted a dynamic observation of the cardiac damage caused by short- and long-term exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs). Oxidative stress, inflammation, disruption of calcium ion homeostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction were confirmed as the potential mechanisms of PS-NP-induced cardiotoxicity and the crucial events in the early stages, while cardiac fibrosis emerged as a prominent feature in late stages. Notably, low-dose exposure exacerbated myocardial infarction symptoms under pathological states, despite no significant cardiotoxicity shown in healthy models. In conclusion, these findings further deepened our understanding of PS-NP-induced cardiotoxic effects and introduced a promising in vitro platform for assessing cardiotoxicity.