anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: To obtain an application agent capable of efficiently releasing a medi cine contained therein and effectively absorbing the medicine through the skin or a mucous membrane into the body by arranging a water absorbing filler preimpregnated with polyhydric alcohols, the medicine and a tacky base in combination on a support. CONSTITUTION: This application agent is obtained by arranging a water absorbing filler preimpregnated with a polyhydric alcohol and its derivative, a medicine and a tacky base in combination on a support and used for percutaneous or transmucosal administration of the medicine. A cross-linked polyacrylate and a cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone are especially preferred as the water absorbing filler and ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerol, etc., are cited as the polyhydric alcohol. The polyhydric alcohol is preferably used in an amount of 50-200 pts.wt. based on 100 pts.wt. water absorbing filter. Steroidal antiinflammatory agents, vasodilators, hypotensive agents, antitussive expectorants, antitumor agents, peptidic hormones, etc., are cited as the medicine.  The medicine release effects can further be improved by adding a plasticizer to the tacky base of the tacky agent layer.
BACKGROUND: Glutamate-rich WD repeat containing 1 (GRWD1) is over-expressed in a variety of malignant tumors and is considered to be a potential oncogene. However, its mechanism of action in gastric cancer (GC) is still unclear.
METHODS: Data analysis, Immunohistochemistry, and Western Blot (WB) were performed to verify the expression of GRWD1 in GC and para-cancerous tissues. The association between GRWD1 expression and tumor size, tissue differentiation, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and prognosis was analyzed according to the high and low expression levels of GRWD1. The relationship between GRWD1 and Notch pathway was verified by data analysis and WB. The effects of GRWD1 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells were verified by cell proliferation, migration, and invasion assays. We confirmed that the high expression of GRWD1 promoted the proliferation of GC cells in vivo through the tumor formation assay in nude mice.
RESULTS: The expression of GRWD1 was higher in GC tissues than in para-cancerous tissues, and its expression was positively correlated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage, but negatively correlated with differentiation grade and prognosis. GRWD1 over-expression increased ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 (ADAM17) expression and promoted Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD) release to promote GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Results from animal studies have shown that high GRWD1 expression could promote GC cell proliferation in vivo by activating the Notch signaling pathway.
CONCLUSION: GRWD1 promotes GC progression through ADAM17-dependent Notch signaling, and GRWD1 may be a novel tumor marker and therapeutic target.
To find the predictors of early HCC based on the dynamic changes of HBV quasispecies, this study utilizing the second-generation sequencing (NGS) and high-order multiplex droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) technology to examine the HBV quasispecies in serum of total 247 subjects recruited from high-incidence area of HCC. In the discovery stage, 15 non-synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) with higher variant proportion in HCC case group were founded (all P<0.05). Furthermore, the variant proportions in some of these SNPs were observed changing regularly within 5 years before the onset of HCC, and 5 of them located in HBX, 2 in HBS and 2 in HBC. The HBV predominant quasispecies and their consensus sequences were identified by genetic evolution analysis, in which the high HBS and HBC quasispecies heterogeneity were found associated with the forming of multifarious quasispecies clones, and the HBX gene had the highest proportion of predominant quasispecies (46.7 % in HBX vs 12.7 % and 13.8 % in HBS and HBC respectively) with the key variations (G1512A, A1630G, T1753C/G/A, A1762T and G1764A) determined. In the validation stage, we confirmed that the combined double mutations of G1512A+A1630G, A1762T+G1764A, and the combined triple mutations of T1753C/G/A + A1762T+G1764A, all expressed higher in early HCC cases when comparing with control group (all P<0.05). We also demonstrated the advantages of ddPCR using in multi-variations detection in large-sample for early HCC surveillance and screening. So we think that the dynamic of key HBV variation positions and their different combinations determined by quasispecies anlysis in this study can act as the novel predictors of early hepatocarcinoma and suitable to popularize and apply in HCC screening.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled inorg. powder which has excellent water repellency and is smooth to the touch and suitable for use as cosmetic powder, water repellency agent and lubricant, by treating clay mineral powder having an acidity point of a specified value or above with a dialkylphosphoric acid. CONSTITUTION:A clay mineral powder (e.g. kaolin or sericite powder contg. an aluminum element) having 2X10<-5>mol or above/g of an acidity point having an acidity (pKa) of +3.3 or below is prepd. The clay mineral powder is treated with a dialkylphosphoric acid of the formula (wherein R1, R2 are each a 14-22C straight-chain alkyl) such as dicetylphosphoric acid or distearylphosphoric acid to modify the surface of the powder. The proportion of the acidity point having acidity (pKa) of +3.3 or below can be determined by titrating the powder dispersed in benzene with n-butylamine by using r-dimethylaminoazobenzene as an indicator.
Early rehabilitation in the acute phase of stroke, that bears unique neuroplastic properties, is the current standard to reduce disability. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation can augment neurorehabilitation in chronic stroke. Studies in the acute phase are sparse and held back by inconclusive preclinical data pointing towards potential negative interaction of the excitability increasing tDCS modality with stroke-induced glutamate toxicity. In this present study, we aimed to evaluate structural and behavioral safety of anodal tDCS applied in the acute phase of stroke. Photothrombotic stroke including the right primary motor cortex was induced in rats. 24 h after stroke anodal tDCS was applied for 20 min ipsilesionally at one of four different current densities in freely moving animals. Effects on the infarct volume and on stroke induced neuroinflammation were assessed. Behavioral consequences were monitored. Infarct volume and the modified Neurological Severity Score were not affected by anodal tDCS. Pasta handling, a more sensitive task for sensorimotor deficits, and microglia reactivity indicated potentially harmful effects at the highest tDCS current density tested (47.8 A/m2), which is more than 60 times higher than intensities commonly used in humans. Compared to published safety limits of anodal tDCS in healthy rats, recent stroke does not increase the sensitivity of the brain to anodal tDCS, as assessed by lesion size and neuroinflammatory response. Behavioral deficits only occurred at the highest intensity, which was associated with increased neuroinflammation. When safety limits of commonly used clinical tDCS are met, augmentation of early neurorehabilitation after stroke by anodal tDCS appears to be feasible.
Behavioral intervention: CRAFT-AI will include a maximum of 12 CSO individual counseling sessions will be provided. A functional analysis of the IP's substance use helps to identify triggers and both positive and negative consequences of use. The CSO brainstorms and decides upon ways to sever the connection between triggers and substance use, in part by introducing alternative non-substance related positive activities. In addition, the CSO and counselor collaboratively determine how to safely allow the IP to experience negative consequences due to the substance use, thereby making it less appealing for the IP to continue to use. The CSO also brainstorms and role-plays implementing the most effective and appropriate ways to suggest that the IP enter treatment.
Participants in this group will receive PCIA post-operatively (tramadol 800 mg and flurbiprofen axetil 100mg with saline added up to a volume of 80ml in total ) and the equal volume of 0.9% normal saline will be conducted by ultrasound and receive a single injection between the longissimus and iliocostalis muscles both sides of the spine. The PCIA pump was set up with a 5 ml loading dose, a 2 ml bolus dose, a 15 min lockout interval and background infusion at a rate of 1 ml/h.
Patients who begin cART in regular clinical routine with 2N(t)RTI plus either a boosted protease inhibitor or efavirenz (n=10 patients) at standard doses will be offered to participate in this observation arm. They will be offered to participate in this trial only if no other antiretroviral drugs and no concomitant drugs with relevant impact on antiretroviral's pharmacokinetics are administered. At time of study inclusion, patients should be characterised by a HIV-1 RNA load of \>5,000 copies/mL and CD4-cell count of \>200/µL within 12 weeks before cART initiation.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECITVES: The currently available kidney volume normative values in children are restricted to small populations from single-centre studies not assessing kidney function and including none or only a small number of adolescents. This study aimed to obtain ultrasound-based kidney volume normative values derived from a large European White/Caucasian paediatric population with normal kidney function.
METHODS: After recruitment of 1427 children aged 0-19 years, 1396 individuals with no history of kidney disease and normal estimated glomerular filtration rate were selected for the sonographic evaluation of kidney volume. Kidney volume was correlated with age, height, weight, body surface area and body mass index. Kidney volume curves and tables related to anthropometric parameters were generated using the LMS method. Kidney volume predictors were evaluated using multivariate regression analysis with collinearity checks.
RESULTS: No clinically significant differences in kidney volume in relation to height were found between males and females, between supine and prone position and between left and right kidneys. Males had, however, larger age-related kidney volumes than females in most age categories. For the prediction of kidney volume, the highest coefficient correlation was observed for body surface area (r = 0.94), followed by weight (r = 0.92), height (r = 0.91), age (r = 0.91), and body mass index (r = 0.67; p < 0.001 for all).
CONCLUSIONS: This study presents LMS-percentile curves and tables for kidney volume which can be used as reference values for children aged 0-19 years.
Patients receive pembrolizumab as in Cohort I. Patients also receive conventionally fractionated RT over 30 fractions for 52 weeks.
PURPOSE:To obtain a plaster for poultice having excellent adhesion and shape retention as well as high safety, by using a reaction product of a protein having amino groups on side chains and a (meth)aclylic acid polyalkylene glycol diester. CONSTITUTION:A gelling retardant such as calcium chloride, urea, etc., is added to an aqueous solution of a protein (e.g. gelatin, proteose, etc.) having amino groups on side chains. An aqueous solution of a (meth)aclylic acid polyalkylene glycol diester expressed by the formula (X is H or methyl; A is oxyethylene or oxypropylene; m is 1-3,000) is added to the protein solution containing the gelling retardant to subject the protein having amino groups on the side chains to partial crosslinking. The resultant reaction product is used as the aimed plaster for poultice. The plaster is able to keep strong adhesive property even after evaporating water content in the plaster, by blending a hydrophlic tackifier (e.g. glycerin or ethylene glycol) into the plaster.
Macrophage inflammation and oxidative stress promote atherosclerosis progression. Naringenin is a naturally occurring flavonoid with antiatherosclerotic properties. Here, we elucidated the effects of naringenin on monocyte/macrophage endothelial infiltration and vascular inflammation. We found naringenin inhibited oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α toward an M2 macrophage phenotype and inhibited oxLDL-induced TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4) membrane translocation and downstream NF-κB transcriptional activity. Results from flow cytometric analysis showed that naringenin reduced monocyte/macrophage infiltration in the aorta of high-fat-diet-treated ApoE-deficient mice. The aortic cytokine levels were also inhibited in naringenin-treated mice. Further, we found that naringenin reduced lipid raft clustering and acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) membrane gathering and inhibited the TLR4 and NADPH oxidase subunit p47phox membrane recruitment, which reduced the inflammatory response. Recombinant ASMase treatment or overexpression of ASMase abolished the naringenin function and activated macrophage and vascular inflammation. We conclude that naringenin inhibits ASMase-mediated lipid raft redox signaling to attenuate macrophage activation and vascular inflammation.
A biopsychosocial primary care intervention based on multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation programs. The Back on Track intervention comprises 4 individual sessions and 8 group sessions.
Participants with a prestudy regimen of RAL+FTC/TDF will receive SOF+RAL+FTC/TDF for 7 days followed by RAL+FTC/TDF for 7 days. Sofosbuvir and FTC/TDF will be administered once daily in the morning with food; RAL will be administered twice daily, in the morning with food and in the evening without regard to food.
BACKGROUND: Dexmedetomidine is considered to have neuroprotective effects and may reduce postoperative delirium in both cardiac and major non-cardiac surgeries. Compared with non-cardiac surgery, the delirium incidence is extremely high after cardiac surgery, which could be caused by neuroinflammation induced by surgical stress and CPB. Thus, it is essential to explore the potential benefits of dexmedetomidine on the incidence of delirium in cardiac surgery under CPB.
METHODS: Randomized controlled trials studying the effect of perioperative dexmedetomidine on the delirium incidence in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB were considered to be eligible. Data collection was conducted by two reviewers independently. The pre-specified outcome of interest is delirium incidence. RoB 2 was used to perform risk of bias assessment by two reviewers independently. The random effects model and Mantel-Haenszel statistical method were selected to pool effect sizes for each study.
RESULTS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched from inception to June 28, 2023. Sixteen studies including 3381 participants were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis. Perioperative dexmedetomidine reduced the incidence of postoperative delirium in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB compared with the other sedatives, placebo, or normal saline (RR 0.57; 95% CI 0.41-0.79; P = 0.0009; I2 = 61%).
CONCLUSIONS: Perioperative administration of dexmedetomidine could reduce the postoperative delirium occurrence in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB. However, there is relatively significant heterogeneity among the studies. And the included studies comprise many early-stage small sample trials, which may lead to an overestimation of the beneficial effects. It is necessary to design the large-scale RCTs to further confirm the potential benefits of dexmedetomidine in cardiac surgery with CPB.
REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42023452410.
PURPOSE:To provide a pharmaceutical preparation for transcutaneous administration, having excellent antiarrhythmic activity, and composed of a backing member and a drug-containing substrate layer applied to a surface of said backing member, wherein said substrate layer contains a self-adhesive polymer and propranolol as essential components. CONSTITUTION:The objective pharmaceutical preparation for transcutaneous administration is composed of (A) a backing member having sufficiently high flexibility and stretchability to follow the expansion and contraction of the surface of the applied body (e.g. film or sheet of polyolefin, polyurethane, etc.) and (B) a drug-containing substrate layer containing (a) a polymer having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of -70--10 deg.C and exhibiting pressure-sensitive adhesivity at normal temperature and (b) propranolol as essential components. The preparation may contain an absorption assistant, a dissolution promoting agent, etc. (e.g. glycerol, lanoline, etc.). The pharmaceutical preparation exhibits high harmacological effect by releasing the effective amount of propranolol uniformly and continuously to the body through the skin.
The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) is a scale for measuring the degree of disability or dependence in the daily activities of people who have suffered a stroke or other causes of neurological disability. The scale runs from 0-6, running from perfect health without symptoms to death.
During the initial consultation, the dietician will answer the questions of the patient and their family. Patients will be seen regularly in follow-up for weight measurement, serum albumin assay, a 1 or 3 day food record and an evaluation of appetite level. Nutritional counselling is then adjusted accordingly and:Balanced meals are continued if weight is stable and appetite is undiminished.Protein and energy fortification is recommended if weight loss is observed or if food intake decreases between 2 consultations leading to total food intake of less than 50% of required food intake. When a patient presents with signs of malnutrition according to the criteria set out by the Authority for Health, oral nutritional support (ONS) is set up, in agreement with the department head. Two 200ml bottles of Fortimel Extra are to be taken every day. If this ONS strategy is insufficient to improve the patient's nutritional status, artificial nutrition should be discussed.
Oxaliplatin Injection, USP is supplied in clear, glass, single-dose vials containing 50 mg or 100 mg of oxaliplatin as a clear, colorless, sterile, preservative-free, aqueous solution at a concentration of 5 mg per mL. Water for Injection USP is present as an inactive ingredient. 

The container closure is not made with natural rubber latex. 

Store at 20°C to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Do not freeze and protect from light (keep in original outer carton). 

Oxaliplatin is a cytotoxic drug. Follow applicable special handling and disposal procedures.1 The use of gloves is recommended. If a solution of Oxaliplatin contacts the skin, wash the skin immediately and thoroughly with soap and water. If Oxaliplatin contacts the mucous membranes, flush thoroughly with water.
Preservation techniques that maintain the viability of an organ graft between retrieval from the donor and implantation into the recipient remain a critical aspect of solid organ transplantation. While traditionally preservation is accomplished with static cold storage, advances in ex vivo dynamic machine perfusion, both hypothermic and normothermic, have allowed for prolongation of organ viability and recovery of marginal organs effectively increasing the usable donor pool. However, the use of these novel machine perfusion technologies likely exposes the recipient to additional infectious risk either through clonal expansion of pathogens derived during organ recovery or de novo exogenous acquisition of pathogens while the organ remains on the machine perfusion circuit. There is a paucity of high-quality studies that have attempted to quantify infection risk, although it appears that prolonging the time on the machine perfusion circuit and normothermic parameters increases the risk of infection. Conversely, the use of ex vivo machine perfusion unlocks new opportunities to detect and treat donor-derived infections before implantation into the recipient. This review seeks to reveal how the use of ex vivo machine perfusion strategies may augment the risk of infection in the organ recipient as well as outline ways that this technology could be leveraged to enhance our ability to manage donor-derived infections.
BACKGROUND: Neuromuscular early-onset scoliosis (N-EOS) often presents with a long sweeping thoracolumbar scoliosis and pelvic obliquity. With severe pelvic obliquity, the ribs come into contact with the high side of the pelvis, termed rib-on-pelvis deformity (ROP). The goal of this study is to evaluate whether ROP is associated with reported pain and other health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measures. We hypothesize that ROP is associated with increased pain and negative HRQOL.
METHODS: A multicenter international registry was queried for all nonambulatory patients with N-EOS from 2012 to 2022. Both surgical and nonsurgical patients were included. ROP was classified as a binary radiographic assessment of preoperative (surgical patients) and most recent follow-up (nonsurgical patients) upright radiographs. Reported pain and other HRQOL measures were assessed through the 24-Item Early Onset Scoliosis Questionnaire (EOSQ-24). Patients with nonupright radiographs or EOSQ-24 questionnaires and corresponding radiographs >4 months apart were excluded.
RESULTS: Totally, 225 patients (8.4±3.1 y, 55% female) were included. The median major curve was 63.3 (IQR: 40.6 to 81.2) degrees and median pelvic obliquity was 15.5 degrees (IQR: 8.8 to 26.4). Eighty-three patients (37%) had ROP. ROP was associated with both frequency ( P <0.001) and severity ( P <0.001) of pain. ROP was associated with worse general health ( P =0.01), increased difficulty with vocalization ( P =0.02), increased frequency of shortness of breath ( P =0.002), and increased difficulty sitting upright ( P =0.04). Regarding overall EOSQ-24 domains, ROP was associated with worse general health, pain/discomfort, pulmonary function, and physical function ( P <0.01). In a subanalysis of 76 patients who underwent surgical intervention with at least 2 years of follow-up, patients with preoperative ROP experienced significantly greater improvements in both frequency ( P =0.004) and severity ( P =0.001) of pain than the patients without preoperative ROP at 2 years postoperatively.
CONCLUSIONS: The overall incidence of ROP in N-EOS is about 37%. ROP is associated with greater pain and worse HRQOL through the EOSQ-24 questionnaire. Furthermore, these patients experienced a greater reduction in pain after surgery. Clinicians and parents must be aware that ROP is possibly a pain generator, but responds positively to surgical intervention.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.