anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND AND AIM: In Fabry disease (FD), primary factors such as glycosphingolipid deposition that initiate kidney damage and secondary factors that advance kidney damage to fibrosis are different. Periostin is a molecule of proven importance in renal inflammation and fibrosis. It was previously shown that periostin plays an essential role in the process leading to renal fibrosis and its expression is increased in many kidney diseases. In the present study, we aimed to reveal the relationship between periostin and Fabry nephropathy.
MATERIAL-METHOD: This cross-sectional study included 18 FD patients (10 males, 8 females) with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) indications and 22 healthy control patients of similar age and gender. At the time of diagnosis, plasma alpha-galactosidase A (α-gal-A) and globotriaosylsphingosine (lyso-Gb3), proteinuria, and kidney function tests of all FD patients before ERT were scanned from the hospital system. Periostin was studied from serum samples collected and stored before ERT. Parameters related to serum periostin levels in Fabry disease were investigated.
RESULTS: In FD patients, serum periostin was negatively correlated with age of first symptom and GFR; and positively correlated with proteinuria and lyso-Gb3. In regression analysis, we found that serum periostin was the only independent determinant of proteinuria in patients with Fabry disease. The serum periostin levels were significantly lower in patients with low proteinuria, and the serum periostin levels were correlated with proteinuria.
DISCUSSION: Periostin may be a valuable marker of Fabry nephropathy and proteinuria. Periostin seems to be one of the molecules that may have an important role in the management of the fibrotic process in Fabry nephropathy. We think that the role of periostin among these mechanisms is worth investigating. In addition to standard ERTs, periostin-reducing therapies may contribute to better kidney survival in Fabry disease. Progressive fibrosis processes caused by periostin in patients with Fabry disease are still a hidden issue waiting to be clarified. Progressive fibrosis processes caused by periostin in Fabry patients are still a hidden issue waiting to be clarified.
Compositions and processes are disclosed for a capsule, tablet, or pill comprised of powdered strawberries. Fresh strawberries are washed, de-calyxed, and then processed into a dry pulp. The dry pulp may be pulverized to a desired granularity. In some embodiments, the pulp may be filtered to remove the seeds, prior to drying. In some embodiments the fruit may be dried by way of freeze drying, hot air drying, or spray-dried. Additional vitamins and minerals may be included with the powdered strawberries to impart further health benefits to the composition. An advantage of this composition is that it serves several functions, including providing a good source of antioxidants, phytochemicals, and flavonoids. As such, the composition may be useful for mitigating various types of cancer, heart disease, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, cataracts, arthritis, skin damage from UV rays, anti-aging, and the like.
Bacterial contamination of patient intravenous stopcock sets is a common intraoperative event associated with increased patient mortality, possibly via an infectious mechanism. The most common type of intravenous tubing used in operating rooms is the open lumen stopcock set which lacks a barrier between the environment and intraluminal space, and thus the intravascular space of the patient. The stopcock connector can be easily contaminated by provider hands due to improper handling of the device and/or contaminated by soiled syringe tips subsequently connected to the device. Further, the stopcock connector is often left uncapped by the provider and directly exposed to the environment. Thus, common breaches in intraoperative aseptic practice of healthcare providers can lead to bacterial contamination of the endoluminal space of the open lumen device. The primary aim of the current study is to assess the efficacy of a passive bundle designed to decrease intravenous stopcock and tubing intraluminal bacterial contamination. This passive bundle includes two novel interventions, a DOCit station and HubScrub caps. The HubScrub is designed to clean the needleless connectors and open lumen stopcock systems. The DOCit station is designed to simultaneously clean the interior and exterior of needle-less luer connectors of syringes with isopropyl alcohol while also providing a method of storage and organization of multiple syringes. The investigators hypothesize that the application of this passive bundle to the standard open lumen system commonly employed by anesthesia providers in the operating room will significantly reduce bacterial contamination of standard 3-way open lumen stopcock sets and improve patient safety.
This is defined as a co-existing prefrailty using the Fried criteria. Frailty defined by the CHS index as proposed by Fried et al. will be identified by the presence of ≥ 3 of the following 5 components: 1) Shrinking as identified by an unintentional weight loss of ≥ 5% between two assessments, 2) Weakness as identified by a maximal grip strength in the lowest quintile stratified by body mass index quartile; 3) Poor energy as identified by an answer of "no" to the question "Do you feel full of energy?" from the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale; 4) Slowness as identified by an average walk speed in the lowest quintile stratified by median standing height, and 5) Low physical activity level as identified by a PASE score in the lowest quintile. Participants with none of the above components will be considered to be vigorous and those with 1 or 2 components will be considered to be in a prefrail stage.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a vasodepressor inhibitor useful for blood pressure depression and hypotension by shocks such as bacterial shock, e. g., septic shock, etc., circulating blood volume reducing shock, psychogenic shock, etc., circulation diseases, infectious diseases, etc. SOLUTION: This vasodepressor inhibitor is obtained by using human derived antithrombin-III (AT-III) as an effective ingredient. The AT-III is, e.g. capable of being purified from human whole blood, blood plasma, blood serum, etc., and the blood used therefor is preferably negative to HBs antigens and antiHIV antibodies and has GPT values which are two or more times of normal values. The AT-III has activities to suppress blood pressure depressions lower than the normal range of mammals such as humans, dogs, cattle, etc. As a dose, 10-1000 unit/kg body weight/day (a titer of AT-III corresponds to an amount of 1 unit of AT-III included in 1 ml of normal human blood plasma) is preferably administered in 1-several times/day.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating infection by a microbial pathogen in a subject by modulating antimicrobial immune response in the subject.SOLUTION: The method of the invention comprises a step of administering an effective amount of antimicrobial polypeptide (AMP) to a subject, where the AMP is IL-22. In one aspect, the infection is a microbial disorder. In one aspect, the microbial disorder is Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). In one aspect, the microbial disorder is Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis (UC). In one aspect, the microbial pathogen is a bacteria. In one aspect, the bacteria is gram-negative. In one aspect, the bacteria is gram-positive. In one aspect, the bacteria is attaching or effacing (A/E) bacteria.
A standardised, carbohydrate-rich, low glycaemic index (GI) breakfast will be provided at \~10:30 for MM-BC (i.e., two hours after EM-BC). Blood samples will be taken at fasting state and postprandially at different intervals after breakfast and lunch for the measurement of glucose and insulin concentrations.
In the OL portion of the study, ≥6 participants receive cetuximab 400 mg/m\^2 Q1W+ irinotecan Q1W at their pre-study dosage + OL dalotuzumab 10 mg/kg IV Q1W to verify the safety of the regimen. In DB Week 1, participants receive cetuximab 400 mg/m\^2 IV + irinotecan IV at their pre-study dosage. Starting with DB Week 2, participants receive cetuximab 250 mg/m\^2 IV Q1W + irinotecan IV Q1W + DB dalotuzumab 10 mg/kg IV Q1W for up to 32 months of treatment.
BACKGROUND: This study aims to implement a validated prediction model and application medium for postoperative pneumonia (POP) in elderly patients with hip fractures in order to facilitate individualized intervention by clinicians.
METHODS: Employing clinical data from elderly patients with hip fractures, we derived and externally validated machine learning models for predicting POP. Model derivation utilized a registry from Nanjing First Hospital, and external validation was performed using data from patients at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. The derivation cohort was divided into the training set and the testing set. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariable logistic regression were used for feature screening. We compared the performance of models to select the optimized model and introduced SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) to interpret the model.
RESULTS: The derivation and validation cohorts comprised 498 and 124 patients, with 14.3% and 10.5% POP rates, respectively. Among these models, Categorical boosting (Catboost) demonstrated superior discrimination ability. AUROC was 0.895 (95%CI: 0.841-0.949) and 0.835 (95%CI: 0.740-0.930) on the training and testing sets, respectively. At external validation, the AUROC amounted to 0.894 (95% CI: 0.821-0.966). The SHAP method showed that CRP, the modified five-item frailty index (mFI-5), and ASA body status were among the top three important predicators of POP.
CONCLUSION: Our model's good early prediction ability, combined with the implementation of a network risk calculator based on the Catboost model, was anticipated to effectively distinguish high-risk POP groups, facilitating timely intervention.
This invention provides novel small molecules that ameliorate one or more symptoms of atherosclerosis. The small molecules are highly stable and readily administered via an oral route. The small molecules are effective to stimulate the formation and cycling of pre-beta high density lipoprotein-like particles and/or to promote lipid transport and detoxification. This invention also provides a method of tracking a small molecule in a mammal. In addition, the small molecules inhibit osteoporosis. When administered with a statin, the small molecules enhance the activity of the statin permitting the statin to be used at significantly lower dosages and/or cause the statins to be significantly more anti-inflammatory at any given dose.
HIV/AIDS cannot be cured because of the persistence of the viral reservoir. Because of the complexity of the cellular composition and structure of the human organs, HIV reservoirs of anatomical site are also complex. Recently, although a variety of molecules have been reported to be involved in the establishment and maintenance of the viral reservoirs, or as marker of latent cells, the research mainly focuses on blood and lymph nodes. Now, the characteristics of the viral reservoir in tissue are not yet fully understood. In this study, various tissues were collected from SIVmac239-infected monkeys, and the level of total SIV DNA, SIV 2-LTR DNA, and cell-associated virus RNA in them were compared with character of the anatomical viral reservoir under early treatment. The results showed that short-term combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) starting from 3 days after infection could significantly inhibit viremia and reduce the size of the anatomical viral reservoir, but it could not eradicate de novo infections and ongoing replication of virus. Moreover, the effects of early cART on the level of total SIV DNA, SIV 2-LTR DNA, and cell-associated virus RNA in different tissues were different, which changed the size distribution of viral reservoir in anatomical site. Finally, the contribution of nonlymphoid tissues, especially liver and lung, to the viral reservoir increased after treatment, while the contribution of intestinal lymphoid to the viral reservoir significantly reduced. These results suggested that early treatment effectively decreased the size of viral reservoir, and that the effects of cART on the tissue viral reservoir varied greatly by tissue type. The results implied that persistent existence of virus in nonlymphoid tissues after short-term treatment suggested that the role of nonlymphoid tissues cannot be ignored in development strategies for AIDS therapy.
Although epilepsy is the most common comorbidity of brain tumors, epileptic spasms rarely occur. Brain tumors associated with epileptic spasms are mostly low-grade gliomas. To date, few studies in the literature have reported on malignant (Grades 3-4) brain tumors associated with epileptic spasms. Thus, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of malignant brain tumor-associated epileptic spasms. We retrospectively reviewed patients with malignant brain tumors and epileptic spasms in our institution. Data on demographics, tumor histology, magnetic resonance imaging, epileptic spasm characteristics, electroencephalography, and treatment responsiveness were also collected. Six patients were included. In all cases, the brain tumors occurred in infancy in the supratentorial region and epileptic spasm onset occurred after the completion of brain tumor treatment. Anti-seizure medication did not control epileptic spasms; two patients were seizure-free after epileptic surgery. Although all patients had developmental delays caused by malignant brain tumors and their treatment, developmental regression proceeded after epileptic spasm onset. Two patients who achieved seizure-free status showed improved developmental outcomes after cessation of epileptic spasms. This is the first report of the characteristics of malignant brain tumor-associated epileptic spasms. Our report highlights a difficulties of seizure control and possibillity of efficacy of epileptic surgery in this condition. In malignant brain tumor-associated epileptic spasms, it is important to proceed with presurgical evaluation from an early stage, bearing in mind that epileptic spasms may become drug-resistant.
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NEN) are mainly found in the small intestine and pancreas. The course of the disease in patients is highly variable and depends on the degree of differentiation (G1-G3) of the neoplasm. The potential for metastasis formation of GEP-NEN is high even with good differentiation (G1). Lymph node metastases and, in many cases, liver metastases are also often found. Less common are bone metastases or peritoneal carcinomas. The treatment of these GEP-NENs is surgical, whenever possible. If an R0 resection with removal of all lymph node and liver metastases is successful, the prognosis of the patients is excellent. Patients with diffuse liver or bone metastases can no longer be cured by surgery alone. The long-term survival of these patients is nowadays possible due to the availability of drugs (e.g., somatostatin analogues, tyrosine kinase inhibitors), peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) and liver-directed procedures, with a good quality of life.
AIM: This report addresses the management of a large persistent discharging lesion in an 11-year-old boy. The report describes the use of aspiration-irrigation technique for the management of immature necrotic tooth with persistent discharge after a failed regenerative procedure.
BACKGROUND: Regenerative endodontics aim to provide an increase in root canal width, length, and in apical closure. Alternative procedures, such as apexification, should be attempted when regeneration fails. If the canal cannot be dried to persistent discharge, the aspiration-irrigation technique can be used. The technique relies on using aspiration along with irrigation to remove pus from the periapical area.
CASE DESCRIPTION: This is a case for an 11-year-old patient who had trauma to tooth #11, which resulted in the complicated crown fracture. He had an emergency management that included pulpectomy and intracanal medication at another clinic. Two years later, the patient was presented to our clinic. Upon examination, the diagnosis was previously initiated therapy with asymptomatic apical periodontitis in immature tooth #11. Regeneration was attempted first but failed. The mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) plug was removed, and the canal had persistent pus discharge. The canal was filled with intracanal medication, and then 2 weeks later, the canal was filled with triple antibiotic paste (TAP). Next visit, and due to continuous discharge, tooth #11 was treated conservatively with an intracanal aspiration-irrigation technique. An IrriFlex needle attached to a high-volume suction was used to aspirate the cystic fluid. Mineral trioxide aggregate plug apexification was performed in a later visit and the tooth was restored.
CONCLUSION: During the 3-month and 16-month follow-up, there was resolution of the symptoms, a decrease in the periapical lesion size, and soft tissues appeared within normal limits.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Regenerative procedures are a good option for immature necrotic teeth. These procedures may fail due to persistent pus discharge from the root canals. The aspiration-irrigation technique is a good treatment option in cases of consciously discharging canals. How to cite this article: Alsofi L, Almarzouki S. Failed Regenerative Endodontic Case Treated by Modified Aspiration-irrigation Technique and Apexification. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(1):92-97.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of preoperative renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (RASi) use on postoperative renal function and short-term and long-term prognosis in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
METHODS: A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted. Based on the registration study data of CABG patients at Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, the clinical data of adult patients who underwent CABG from January 2013 to December 2022 were analyzed. Preoperative use of RASi (PreRASi) was defined as receiving RASi treatment within 48 hours before surgery. Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) was defined using the diagnostic criteria of Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Demographic characteristics, past medical history, comorbidities, preoperative medication, preoperative laboratory test results, specific information on surgical procedures, and postoperative treatment related data were extracted. The primary endpoint was the incidence of postoperative AKI. Secondary endpoints included in-hospital all-cause mortality and all-cause mortality within the longest follow-up period. According to whether RASi was used before surgery, the patients were divided into PreRASi group and No-PreRASi group. The baseline data of the two groups were balanced by propensity score matching (PSM). Logistic regression model and Cox proportional hazards model were used to assess the correlation between PreRASi and postoperative AKI and clinical outcomes, and analyze the subgroups of hypertension and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in the cohort.
RESULTS: A total of 33 884 patients who underwent CABG were included, with a mean follow-up duration of (3.0±2.4) years and the longest follow-up duration up to 8.5 years. There were 9 128 cases (26.94%) in the PreRASi group and 24 756 cases (73.06%) in the No-PreRASi group. The incidence of postoperative AKI in the PreRASi group was 47.61% (4 346 cases), compared to 52.37% (12 964 cases) in the No-PreRASi group. Two groups were matched with 5 094 patients each. Compared to the No-PreRASi group, both before and after PSM, PreRASi was associated with a reduction of risk of postoperative AKI [before PSM: odds ratio (OR) = 0.834, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.793-0.877, P < 0.001; after PSM: OR = 0.875, 95%CI was 0.808-0.948, P = 0.001]. Subgroup analysis of hypertensive and HFpEF patients showed that PreRASi was associated with a decreased risk of postoperative AKI before and after PSM. The in-hospital mortality for the PreRASi and No-PreRASi groups were 0.61% (56 cases) and 0.49% (121 cases), respectively. Analysis of the overall cohort and subgroups with hypertension and HFpEF showed no correlation between PreRASi and in-hospital mortality or longest follow-up mortality.
CONCLUSIONS: The perioperative use of RASi can reduce the risk of postoperative AKI in patients undergoing CABG, has a certain renal protective effect, but is not associated with short-term or long-term death risk after surgery.
BACKGROUND: Sexual abuse in children can sometimes result in sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which can serve as crucial forensic evidence. Although PCR methods are now accepted as the gold standard for STI screening, they have not yet widely replaced traditional culture methods in Türkiye. This study aims to assess the necessity of implementing PCR-based STI testing at Child Advocacy Centers in Türkiye, where such testing is not routinely available.
METHODS: Conducted between February and November 2023, this study included children who presented to the Child Advocacy Center of Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital. High-risk victims were identified based on criteria including a history of penetrative sexual abuse and factors such as multiple perpetrators or significant age disparity. Serological tests and genital swabs were collected and analyzed using both bacterial culture methods and a comprehensive STI PCR panel.
RESULTS: The study included 20 victims, with a median age of 16 years. STI PCR testing detected pathogens in 19 out of 21 samples, including Chlamydia trachomatis (20%) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (5%). In contrast, culture methods identified no sexually transmitted pathogens.
CONCLUSION: PCR testing demonstrated significantly higher sensitivity for detecting STIs compared to traditional bacterial culture methods, as expected. Implementing PCR-based STI testing in Child Advocacy Centers is an urgent and essential need for providing an accurate diagnosis and robust forensic evidence, enhancing the care and legal protection of sexually abused children.
INTRODUCTION: Electrical storm (ES) of ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTAs) is an important cause of sudden death in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis (CS). VTAs in CS are associated with myocardial scarring and inflammation. However, little is known about the risk factors of ES in patients with CS and VTAs. The objective of this study is to clarify the characteristics and risk factors for the development of ES in patients with CS.
METHODS: The study population included consecutive 52 patients with CS and sustained VTA. Twenty-five out of 52 patients experienced ES. We evaluated clinical characteristics, imaging modalities, and electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters to determine the risk factors associated with ES.
RESULTS: Half of the patients experienced VTAs as the initial symptom of sarcoidosis, and eight patients had ES as the initial VTA episode. There were no differences in cardiac imaging abnormalities between patients with and without ES. Among ECG markers, significant QRS fragmentation (odds ratio [OR]: 7.9, p = .01) and epsilon waves (OR: 12.24, p = .02) were associated with ES. Among the ventricular tachycardia (VT) characteristics, multiple morphologies of monomorphic VTs (OR: 10.9, p < .01), short VT cycle lengths (OR: 12.5, p < .01), and polymorphic VT (OR: 13.5, p < .01) were associated with ES. Bidirectional VTs were detected in 10 patients with ES and one patient without ES. Immunosuppressive therapy relieved ES in some patients.
CONCLUSIONS: ES was common in patients with CS and VTAs. Significant depolarization abnormalities that appeared as QRS fragmentation, epsilon waves, and specific VT characteristics were associated with ES.