anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Anabolic resistance to nutrition is the reduced ability of skeletal muscle to increase protein synthesis in response to feeding. It is a major contributor to muscle atrophy in aging, inactivity, burns, trauma, and cancer cachexia. The effects of anabolic resistance on health and physical function are important. For example, the loss of muscle mass and strength with aging (sarcopenia) increases the risk for falls, physical dependency and morbidity in older adults. A major determinant of muscle size is muscle protein content, which is controlled by the fine balance between protein synthesis and breakdown. Recently, investigators have found that amino acids and exercise independently increase muscle protein synthesis and overall anabolism by activating the mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway in humans. Aging and inactivity reduce these anabolic effects, but the underlying mechanisms of anabolic resistance are not known. The purpose of this application is to better understand how anabolic resistance develops in skeletal muscle. The long-term goal is to identify specific molecular targets for the development of evidence-based clinical interventions to counteract anabolic resistance and muscle wasting in clinical populations. Here, investigators will focus on one potential mechanisms underlying anabolic resistance to amino acids: activation of mTORC1 in human muscle cells. The central hypothesis is that the physical activity restores mTORC1 signaling which is the primary contributor to anabolic resistance in human skeletal muscle. Investigators will test this hypothesis in healthy subjects with the following specific aim: Determine the effect of increasing habitual physical activity on anabolic resistance. Investigators will study human subjects utilizing stable isotopes model to measure amino acid kinetics and muscle protein metabolism in combination with molecular analysis of muscle to determine the regulatory role of amino acids, physical inactivity, and amino acid transporter functional activity on mTORC1. The proposed approach is innovative because it represents a new and substantial departure from the status quo as investigators will examine the underlying mechanisms of anabolic resistance to nutrition using novel methodological approaches. The proposed research is significant because it will lead to the development of evidence-based interventions to treat sarcopenia and muscle wasting.
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a major public health concern and is quickly approaching the status of a global public health crisis. According to the World Health Organization, by 2020 MDD will be the leading cause of disability globally. In the US an estimated 9.0% of adults report symptoms for current MDD (i.e., during the preceding 2 weeks). It is well documented that women (4.0%) are significantly more likely to report and be diagnosed with MDD compared to men (2.7%) NIMH, 20017). In addition, health disparities research examining MDD show African Americans evidence higher prevalence of depression (4.0%) compared to Whites (3.1%) and African Americans report more chronic MDD and associated disability than do Whites (56.5% vs. 38.6%; Williams et al., 2007). Despite being burdened by MDD, African Americans evidences low seeking of professional help. However, they highly rely on religious coping. This, it is important to work in partnership with African American clergy and African Americans in community based research to create programs that are more aligned with their cultural and religious beliefs.

Investigators propose using a one-group (OHDC-SIR) non-randomized observational trial and a sample of 100 African American men and women participants (age 25 and older) with measures at baseline, immediately at the end of the class, and 3- months' post-class. The total duration of the study is 4 months.
Research investigating the complex interplay of cognitive mechanisms involved in speech listening for people with hearing loss has been gaining prominence. In particular, linguistic context allows the use of several cognitive mechanisms that are not well distinguished in hearing science, namely those relating to "postdiction", "integration", and "prediction". We offer the perspective that an unacknowledged impact of hearing loss is the differential use of predictive mechanisms relative to age-matched individuals with normal hearing. As evidence, we first review how degraded auditory input leads to reduced prediction in people with normal hearing, then consider the literature exploring context use in people with acquired postlingual hearing loss. We argue that no research on hearing loss has directly assessed prediction. Because current interventions for hearing do not fully alleviate difficulty in conversation, and avoidance of spoken social interaction may be a mediator between hearing loss and cognitive decline, this perspective could lead to greater understanding of cognitive effects of hearing loss and provide insight regarding new targets for intervention.
AIM: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate, via cone-beam computed tomography, the long-term postoperative outcome in children treated with mandibular distraction osteogenesis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: All young patients treated with mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO), during a 16-year period, at the University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of a Pediatric Hospital, were recalled, and various clinical and radiographic parameters were recorded.
RESULTS: Eleven patients were included: 5 with hemifacial microsomia (HFM) and 6 with mandibular micrognathia. In all cases, MDO had been successful in regular follow-up and decannulation, soon after MDO, was achieved in all tracheostomy cases. The long-term result in cases of HFM was found stable, functionally and esthetically accepted, although less satisfactory than in regular follow-up; in micrognathia patients, relapse of different degrees was registered in 4 of 6 cases, without any need for tracheostomy though. Detailed and accurate information was obtained by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The shape of the regenerated bone was irregular in HFM cases and relatively normal in the micrognathia cases. Quality of the regenerated bone was normal in all patients. The irregular shape registered in HFM cases did not compromise a safe orthognathic operation.
CONCLUSIONS: Distraction osteogenesis remains an early treatment choice in cases of mandibular deformities. Long-term findings showed that there is a degree of relapse with growth, which was more obvious in mandibular micrognathia cases. Computed tomography contributes to detailed evaluation of changes at the distraction site.
Optional Part 2 will only be performed if considered to be warranted by the sponsor based on the preliminary pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis of the results from Part 1. Participants will receive a single oral dose of seltorexant (20 mg) as 3 different formulations assigned to one of the either 6 or 4 treatment sequences under fasted or semi-fasted conditions. The treatment will be assigned in 1 of the 6 or 4 assigned sequences per treatment period that is either Period 1 to 6 or Period 1 to 4).
There is currently no specific immunological treatment utilizing live virus for infection by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) which is a cause of a clinical syndrome called Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Several prior attempts have been made to develop vaccines to boost the humoral immune response to envelope and gag proteins which have been uniformly unsuccessful because of various factors including cell-to-cell propagation of the HIV and its destruction of the cell mediated immune system of the body by its cytopathic and fatal effect on THELPER (CD4) cells. The present invention describes a method of creating a recombinant HIV virus clone with its nef gene deleted. The invention further describes a method of creating an injectable suspension of the virus particles and preferred treatment protocol for patients infected with the HIV. A protocol for the prevention of wild-type HIV infection has also been described. It is believed that the preferred embodiment works by eliminating blocking of induction of IL-2 mRNA and IFN.gamma. in lymphoid cells by the nef protein, by developing a cell mediated immune response to HIV via cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTL) and by competing with the wild-type HIV for potential hosts and thus increasing the likelihood of exposure of the wild-type HIVto humoral antibodies to gp120, gp41 and gag proteins.
We reviewed fundamental studies on muscular pain, encompassing the characteristics of primary afferent fibers and neurons, spinal and thalamic projections, several muscular pain models, and possible neurochemical mechanisms of muscle pain. Most parts of this review were based on data obtained from animal experiments, and some researches on humans were also introduced. We focused on delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) induced by lengthening contractions (LC), suitable for studying myofascial pain syndromes. The muscular mechanical withdrawal threshold (MMWT) decreased 1-3 days after LC in rats. Changing the speed and range of stretching showed that muscle injury seldom occurred, except in extreme conditions, and that DOMS occurred in parameters without muscle damage. The B2 bradykinin receptor-nerve growth factor (NGF) route and COX-2-glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) route were involved in the development of DOMS. The interactions between these routes occurred at two levels. A repeated-bout effect was observed in MMWT and NGF upregulation, and this study showed that adaptation possibly occurred before B2 bradykinin receptor activation. We have also briefly discussed the prevention and treatment of DOMS.
Despite being the largest healthcare workforce in the United States (US) (\~5 million nurses), evidence about suicidal ideation and predisposing factors that contribute to suicide in nurses is limited. Outside of nursing, there is substantial evidence that an individual's psychiatric characteristics (psychiatric diagnosis; decision-making; social cognition; mood) and/or life stressors (e.g., death of a loved one, divorce, discrimination, or lateral violence) are significantly associated to suicidal ideation. Yet, it is unclear why nurses have higher rates of suicide compared to other populations and which factors predispose nurses to higher risk for suicidal behavior. It has become critical to test new approaches to reduce stress in nurses and subsequently mitigate suicide ideation. There is early evidence that sleep disturbances may induce increased stress and subsequently higher psychological risk, including depression, a known predisposing risk factor for suicidal risk. Evidence about the associations between sleep and suicidal ideation is limited but early studies show promise that interventions promoting sleep health may help mitigate suicidal risk. The isolation of predisposing factors for stress in nurses and investigation of potential interventions to counteract such stress may help to identify and mitigate suicide risk in nurses. Past evidence about suicide has been limited to post-mortem data inhibiting an understanding of which personal, psychosocial, and work environment factors predispose a nurse to suicidal behaviors. The combined study of self-report and physiologic data may help us better understand sources of stress adaptation in the search for underlying biological mechanisms associated with suicide and other suboptimal psychologic health outcomes.
After consent in obtained, the patient will undergo a blood draw (12 tsp) to prepare the PRP infusion. The use of a centrifuge and an Arteriocyte Magellan kit are necessary for the PRP preparation. After injection of local anesthesia, PRP will be injected into each testicle.
PURPOSE: To prevent the integration of an inner oil phase with an outer oil phase and to obtain a composite emulsion having high aging stability by allowing an organically modified clay mineral to exist in the outer oil phase. CONSTITUTION: This composite emulsion contains an oil-in-water type emulsion dispersed in an outer oil phase 10 contg. an organically modified clay mineral 20 obtd. by treating a water-swellable clay mineral with a quat. ammonium type cationic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant. A hydrophilic nonionic surfactant is first added to a water-soluble solvent, oil forming an inner oil phase 14 is then added to prepare an oil-in-water-soluble solvent. type emulsion and water is further added. The resultant oil-in-water type emulsion is dispersed and emulsified in oil forming the outer oil phase 10 contg. the organically modified clay mineral 20.
Patients undergo low-dose TBI on day 0. After TBI, patients undergo PBSCT on day 0. Patients receive cyclosporine PO BID on days -3 to 56 in the absence of GVHD. Patients with no evidence of GVHD at day 56 begin a cyclosporine taper and continue the taper until day 180. Patients with evidence of disease progression and no evidence of GVHD prior to day 56 receive tapered doses of cyclosporine for 2 weeks. Patients also receive MMF PO BID on days 0-28 in the absence of GVHD. If treatment for GVHD is required before day 28, MMF is continued until a steroid taper begins.
A method of producing a fast-melt tablet comprises the steps of forming a mixture of components, the mixture comprising at least one fast dissolving sugar alcohol, at least one disintegrant or osmotic agent, and at least one an active component, blending the mixture for a period of time, and directly compressing the blended mixture at a compression force of typically between 5 and 2O kN to form the fast-melt tablet. The process of the invention does not involve any granulation step, thereby making the process more energy efficient and cost effective. The fast dissolving sugar alcohol is selected from the group comprising: mannitol; sorbitol; erythritol; xylitol; lactose; dextrose; and sucrose, and comprises at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, and more preferably at least 70%, of the tablet (w/w). The active component is suitably provided in the form of microparticles or microcapsules having an average diameter of less than 125 microns. Also described are directly compressed fast dissolving type tablets obtainable by the process of the invention. The tablets typically are flat-faced.
A class of novel agents that are able to modify nociceptive afferent function is provided. The agents may inhibit the release of neurotransmitters from discrete populations of neurones and thereby reduce or preferably prevent the transmission of afferent pain signals from peripheral to central pain fibres. They comprise a galastose-binding lectin linked to a derivative of a clostridial neurotoxin. The derivative of the clostridial neurotoxin comprises the L-chain, or a fragment thereof, which includes the active proteolytic enzyme domain of the light (1.) chain, linked to a molecule or domain with membrane translocating activity. The agents may be used in or as pharmaceuticals for the treatment of pain particularly chronic pain.
PURPOSE:To obtain a skin external agent and a skin cosmetic capable of imparting skin with refreshing feeling by compounding an anti-inflammatory analgesic agent with a perfume. CONSTITUTION:This skin external agent for an inflammatory and analgesic treatment or a skin cosmetic for imparting the skin with refreshing feeling is composed of an antiflammatory analgesic compound (e.g. methyl salicylate), a surfactant, an absorbefacient, a local irritant, a pH-adjuster, an antiseptic, a perfume, purified water, etc. As the perfume component in these products, a perfumery material of a musk group, a citrus group or a floral group is compounded. Antiinflammatory and analgesic feeling and refreshing feeling are effectively appear in an atmosphere of flavor. In these products, the menthol- like odor which is common in a conventional skin external agent and a skin cosmetic containing a local irritant, e.g. 1-menthol, a peppermint oil, capsaicin or camphor is not persistent for a long time. When applied on the skin, a mint odor appears initially but the odor of the composing perfume prevails after a few minutes.
A dental caries preventive, for once daily self-applied topical use. It is well established that 1.1% sodium fluoride is safe and extraordinarily effective as a caries preventive when applied frequently with mouthpiece applicators. Sodium Fluoride 1.1% Gel in a squeeze-tube is easily applied onto a toothbrush as well as a mouthpiece tray. This prescription dental gel should be used once daily following use of a regular toothpaste unless otherwise instructed by your dental professional. May be used whether or not drinking water is fluoridated since topical fluoride cannot produce fluorosis. (See WARNINGS for exception.)
The pharmacokinetic data were obtained from 54 Ibuprofen Lysine-treated premature infants included in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multicenter study. Infants were less than 30 weeks gestational age, weighed between 500 and 1000 g, and exhibited asymptomatic PDA with evidence of echocardiographic documentation of ductal shunting. Dosing was initially 10 mg/kg followed by 5 mg/kg at 24 and 48 hours.

The population average clearance and volume of distribution values of racemic ibuprofen for premature infants at birth were 3 mL/kg/h and 320 mL/kg, respectively. Clearance increased rapidly with post-natal age (an average increase of approximately 0.5 mL/kg/h per day). Inter-individual variability in clearance and volume of distribution were 55% and 14%, respectively. In general, the half-life in infants is more than 10 times longer than in adults.

The metabolism and excretion of ibuprofen in premature infants have not been studied.

In adults, renal elimination of unchanged ibuprofen accounts for only 10-15% of the dose. The excretion of ibuprofen and metabolites occurs rapidly in both urine and feces. Approximately 80% of the dose administered orally is recovered in urine as hydroxyl and carboxyl metabolites, respectively, as a mixture of conjugated and unconjugated forms. Ibuprofen is eliminated primarily by metabolism in the liver where CYP2C9 mediates the 2- and 3-hydroxylations of R- and S-ibuprofen. Ibuprofen and its metabolites are further conjugated to acyl glucuronides.

In neonates, renal function and the enzymes associated with drug metabolism are underdeveloped at birth and substantially increase in the days after birth.
Incentives for the self-reported and biochemically-validated abstinence at 6-month follow-up will be given after the 6-month biomedical validation. They would not be informed about the incentive at the 1-week, 1-month and 3-month follow-up. Group C also has two subgroups, those who have quitted at 3 months (Group C-Q) and those who have not (Group C-N).
PEEL-224 is administered intravenously (IV) on Days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle. The study will begin at a low starting dose and will increase between cohorts according to mTPI-2 until a recommended phase 2 dose is determined. Approximately 10 dose levels are anticipated to be studied.
Disclosed are a biodegradable polymer with a disulfur five-membered ring functional group on a side chain and an application thereof. The polymer is obtained by activity controllable ring opening polymerization of a cyclic carbonate monomer containing the disulfur five-membered ring functional group. The polymer has controllable molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution, and is free from protection and deprotection processes. The polymer obtained by ring opening polymerization of the cyclic carbonate monomer in the present invention has biodegradability and can be used for controlling a drug release system. A prepared tumor-targeting reduction-sensitive reversible crosslinking nano-drug carrier supports long circulation in vivo, but is highly enriched in tumor cells and is quickly decrosslinked in the cells to release drugs so as to efficiently kill the tumor cells with specificity. Meanwhile, the biodegradable polymer has application prospects in tissue engineering scaffolds and biochip coatings and the like.
The invention relates to an all-season burn and scald medicine. The preparation method of the all-season burn and scald medicine includes the steps of taking 30 grams (g) of Chinese holly, 10g of gallnut, 30g of rhubarb, 30g of sanguisorba officinalis, 30g of gypsum rubrum, 10g of borneol, 20g of sedum verticallatum and 20g of rhodiola to carry out mixing, placing the mixture into a sieve, utilizing clean water to wash the mixture, fishing out the mixture and drying the mixture, grinding the mixture into powder and making the powder into pills. The all-season burn and scald medicine is mainly used for treating burns, meal scalds, water scalds, oil scalds, pitch scalds, chemical substance burns and scalds, and the like, is free from scars, infection, disinfection and binding, economical, practical, convenient to use, and suitable for remote towns and countries and places short of medical services and supplies. The all-season burn and scald medicine is readily available, quick in pain relief, free from scars after recovery, effective in treatment, safe and stable in efficacy and high in recovery rate, and has no side effects. The all-season burn and scald medicine can be used for curing a slightly injured person within 3-5 days and curing a severely injured person within half a month. The all-season burn and scald medicine is short in treatment course and quick in effects, and can stop pains after being used.
PURPOSE: Revisional bariatric surgery (RBS) after primary Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is indicated for the efficient management of specific complications such as bile reflux. Published literature on this topic remains scarce as we aim to evaluate the long-term outcomes (10 years) of RBS for bile reflux after RYGB.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a single-center retrospective study of patients who underwent primary RYGB complicated by bile reflux and had RBS between 2008 and 2023. Our cohort was divided into two groups based on the etiology of bile reflux. Long-term surgical outcomes and nutritional status were reported and compared between the groups.
RESULTS: A total of 41 patients (100% primary RYGB; 90.2% female, 97.6% white) were included. 56.1% (n = 23) of patients underwent Roux limb lengthening and the remaining 43.9% (n = 18) had a gastrogastric fistula takedown, with no significant differences in terms of intraoperative complications, estimated blood loss (p = 0.616), length of hospital stay (p = 0.099), and postoperative complications between the two groups. Long-term resolution of obesity-related medical conditions was demonstrated for all the evaluated comorbidities. Lastly, there was no reported mortality, bile reflux recurrence, or micro- and macro-nutrient deficiencies over the total follow-up period of 10 years.
CONCLUSION: In our cohort, RBS after a primary RYGB for bile reflux management demonstrated safe and efficient short- and long-term surgical outcomes without any reported bile reflux recurrence or mortality. Adequate supplementation and close patient follow-up remain essential to decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with RBS as further studies are required to support our findings.