anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
From 2018 to 2019, the rate of syphilis increased by 11.2%. It has increased steadily since 2000 especially among men, in which MSM bear a disproportionate majority of cases (47% of all cases were among MSM in 2019). HIV and syphilis rates continue to rise among YMSM. While MSM account for only about 2% of the US population, they are most affected by HIV, constituting 56% of people living with HIV (PLWH).

Moreover, the rate of syphilis among MSM is profoundly elevated, at least 100 times higher than that in men who have sex with women and even higher among YMSM. Importantly, syphilis makes it easier to both acquire and transmit HIV, and about half of MSM who have syphilis are co-infected with HIV. The risk of syphilis and HIV continues to rise in YMSM in New York City, the study site. Given these epidemiologic risk factors for HIV and syphilis, there is a strong scientific premise for this pilot study that proposes to test innovative and effective HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing, prevention, and treatment models. Given that approximately 17% of MSM living with HIV in the U.S. are unaware of their status and significant comorbid syphilis in that population, both pathogens may be simultaneously transmitted. The increasing number of syphilis diagnosed in MSM highlights the importance of STI control in this population, not just for the health of the patient, but also for prevention of HIV and syphilis in uninfected persons. YMSM and YTGW, and specifically Blacks and Latinos, are disproportionately infected with HIV.

In response to the need for interventions to increase HIV testing in youth, our study team developed the mLab App, which affords advantages over existing self-test options to support the potential for higher uptake of the HIV self-test. The app provides HIV prevention information, push notification reminders for testing, step-by-step instructions for using the OraQuick HIV tests (OraQuick), and an image upload function so individuals can send an image of their OraQuick HIV test to the study team. In response to the mLab App study and the scientific evidence of need for at-home syphilis point of care (POC) testing among YMSM and YTGW, we propose to implement the mLab App Plus to assess YMSM's and YTGW's abilities to perform and interpret self-tests for HIV and syphilis and consequently increase the number of YMSM and YTGW who initiate self-testing for HIV and syphilis.
PURPOSE: Hernias noted on radiographic imaging are common. We aimed to determine if informing patients of the presence of a clinically apparent or occult hernia on imaging would change their abdominal wall quality of life (AW-QOL).
METHODS: This study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04355819) in April 2020. Patients with a ventral hernia on elective CT abdomen/pelvis were enrolled. Patients underwent standardized abdominal examination by surgeons, and completed the modified Activities Assessment Scale, a validated, hernia-specific AW-QOL survey. On this scale, 1 is poor AW-QOL, 100 is perfect, and the minimally clinically important difference is five for a minor change. Patients were randomized to complete the one-year follow-up survey before or after being informed of the presence of a hernia on their imaging results. Primary outcome was follow-up AW-QOL adjusted for baseline AW-QOL.
RESULTS: Of 169 patients randomized, 126 (75%) completed follow up at one-year. Among patients with occult hernias, those who completed the follow-up survey after being informed of having a hernia had a lower follow-up AW-QOL (mean difference - 7.6, 95% CI =  - 20.8 to 5.7, p = 0.261) compared to those who completed the survey before being informed. Conversely, for patients with clinical hernias, those who completed the survey after being informed had higher adjusted follow-up AW-QOL (mean difference 10.3, 95% CI =  - 3.0 to 23.6, p = 0.126) than those that completed it after.
CONCLUSION: Conveying findings of hernias found on CT imaging can influence patients' AW-QOL. Future research should focus on identifying and addressing patients' concerns after disclosure of CT results.
Participants in the control group were requested to maintain their original daily physical activity for no less than 20 min per day over the following 6-month period and record their daily activity at home by themselves. These data were collected by a researcher during the participants' time in the study and at the 6-month follow-up at the hospital. After the 6-month follow-up, the participants were provided with 1-month professional Baduanjin exercise guidance by the trial's specialist coach for free if they wished.
Control group (Sham): Patients will undergo weekly simulated RIC (sham) during the entire span of the chemotherapy period. Each sham session will include four cycles of 5 min blood pressure cuff inflation followed by 5 min deflation.
The purpose of the proposed study was to develop a family-based drinking prevention intervention for Latino emerging adults (EAs) and Latino parents of EAs. The investigators specifically targeted EAs aged 18-23. Although drinking rates for Latinos are lower than those for Whites in terms of the prevalence of alcohol use, the consequences of alcohol use (e.g., drunk driving, unplanned/unprotected sex, alcohol-related injuries) appear to be more severe for Latinos, especially those 18-23 years old.

The intervention program included four sessions with emerging adults (EA) in a group setting, and four sessions with groups of parents of EAs. This dual-site project was developed in Oregon and Florida in three phases: (1) development of the intervention components; (2) initial pilot testing and focus group feedback (including modifying the intervention and revising the manuals); and (3) a randomized pilot study. The EA component was developed by integrating identity-based intervention strategies that have been used successfully with adolescents and EAs, ensuring that they are developmentally and culturally appropriate. The parenting component was developed by adapting efficacious parenting strategies used with adolescents so that the activities were developmentally and culturally appropriate for parents of EAs. As the pilot study launch coincided with the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the investigators adapted the original in-person approaches for online delivery.
A sustained-release steroid preparation with antitumor effect is provided, which is characterized in that an antitumor component is coated inside pharmaceutically-acceptable adjuvant to make a sustained-release implant or sustained-release injection. The antitumor component is an antitumor steroid drug or synergists thereof. The antitumor steroid drug is selected from chlormethine drugs and/or antimitotic drugs and/or plant alkaloids. The pharmaceutically-acceptable adjuvant is selected from polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid-hydroxyacetic acid copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and/or polifeprosan. The sustained-release injection contains sustained-release microspheres and solvents, wherein the solvents include common solvents and special solvents containing a suspending agent, wherein the suspending agent is selected from sodium carboxymethylcellulose, mannitol and the like and used to suspend sustained-release granules or microspheres, thereby facilitating injection. The sustained-release preparation is administered by local delivery in the tumor site or injection, which can not only reduce systemic toxicity but also selectively increase local drug concentration in the tumor site and enhance the therapeutic effect of nonoperative treatment such as drug therapy and radiotherapy.
Informed consent will be obtained from study participants willing to participate in MiNIMA. Study participants will then undergo the baseline rest/stress cardiac PET scan along with echocardiography. The final PET scan and echocardiogram will occur at 6 months after the intervention.
The elimination of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques in Alzheimer's disease patients after treatment with anti-Aβ antibodies such as lecanemab and aducanumab is supported by a substantially decreased signal in amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. However, this decreased PET signal has not been matched by a similar substantial effect on cognitive function. There may be several reasons for this, including short treatment duration and advanced disease stages among the patients. However, one aspect that has not been investigated, and the subject of this study, is whether antibody engagement with amyloid plaques inhibits the binding of amyloid-PET ligands, leading to a false impression of Aβ removal from the brain. In the present study, tg-ArcSwe mice received three injections of RmAb158, the murine version of lecanemab or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) before the administration of the amyloid-PET radioligand [11C]PiB, followed by isolation of brain tissue. Autoradiography showed that RmAb158- and PBS-treated mice displayed similar [11C]PiB binding. Moreover, the total Aβ1-40 levels, representing the major Aβ species of plaques in the tg-ArcSwe model, as well as soluble triggering receptor on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) levels, were similar in both groups. Interestingly, the concentration of soluble Aβ aggregates was decreased in the RmAb158-treated group, along with a small but significant decrease in the total Aβ1-42 levels. In conclusion, this study indicates that the binding of [11C]PiB to Aβ accurately mirrors the load of Aβ plaques in the brain, aligning with how amyloid-PET is interpreted in clinical studies of anti-Aβ antibodies. However, early treatment effects on soluble Aβ aggregates and Aβ1-42 levels were not detected.
Cryoprobes are inserted percutaneously under CT scan or ultrasound guidance, to the malignant soft tissue-bone interface. Patients undergo ablations using a freeze-thaw-freeze cycle lasting approximately 10-5-10 minutes, respectively.
The purpose of core exercises is to support the vertebral column, especially by activating the stabilizing muscles, and to develop and maintain proper cervical posture by increasing kinesthetic awareness. At the beginning of the exercises, the patient is taught to contract the deep stabilizer muscles in a controlled manner, in isolation, without contraction of the superficial muscles. Exercises 2 days a week for 8 weeks, maximum 30 minutes. The session will be actively applied by the patient for a period of time.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Vigilance towards balance has been proposed to underpin various chronic dizziness disorders, including persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD). The objective of this study was to develop (through patient input) a validated balance-specific measure of vigilance that comprehensively assesses the varied ways in which this construct may manifest.
METHODS: We developed the Balance Vigilance Questionnaire (Balance-VQ) through patient and clinician feedback, designed to assess vigilance towards balance. We then validated the questionnaire in 497 participants consisting of patients diagnosed with chronic dizziness disorders (including 97 individuals diagnosed with PPPD) and healthy controls.
RESULTS: The final six-item Balance-VQ was shown to be a valid and reliable way to assess vigilance towards balance. Scores were significantly higher in individuals diagnosed with PPPD compared to controls. Although scores were also higher in the PPPD group compared to individuals with diagnosed vestibular disorders other than PPPD, Balance-VQ scores did not discriminate between the two groups when confounding factors (including dizziness severity) were controlled for. Scores did, however, independently discriminate between the PPPD group and individuals who experience dizziness in daily life, but who have not been diagnosed with a neuro-otological disorder.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm that the Balance-VQ is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing vigilance towards balance. As symptom vigilance has been identified as a key risk factor for developing chronic dizziness following acute vestibular symptoms or balance disruption, we recommend using the Balance-VQ as a screening tool in people presenting with such symptoms.
A transcranial magnetic stimulator (MagPro X100, Medtronic Functional Diagnostics, Skovlunde, Denmark) will deliver continuous bursts of bipolar magnetic pulses exerting an inhibition on the underlying brain tissue (cTBS). The stimulation coil will be placed over the unaffected primary motor cortex. The stimulation protocol implies 200 bursts, each consisting of three pulses applied at 30 Hz, repeated at inter-burst intervals of 167 ms. Two stimulation trains of 30 s, separated by 15 min, will be applied 3 times per week for 3 weeks and will be immediately followed by physical therapy.
The multi-caregiving intervention consists of individual-based, social support, and health-educator facilitation and includes: a. Storytelling/sharing of experiences (5 minutes); social support and problem solving (15 minutes); Coping strategies (15minutes); and Structured Diabetes Education and Skills Training (15 minutes). The final 5min will be used for debriefing/reviewing goals.
Morbid Obese individuals undergoing bariatric surgery (i.e. Laparoscopic Banding, Gastric Bypass). These individuals are a subset population of the greater Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (LABS-1) study population. This subpopulation engaged in memory tests as well as tissue extraction.
BACKGROUND: Carbon dioxide gas-induced pneumoperitoneum might be the reason for the shorter postoperative survival of patients with malignant tumors. Whether CO 2 gas-induced pneumothorax has unfavorable impacts on the surgical and oncological outcomes of minimally invasive esophagectomy remains unclear.
METHODS: Between 2010 and 2016, a total of 998 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus who received video-assisted surgery were registered from three large-volume medical centers. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared after using propensity score-matched and inverse probability-weighted methods. In addition, the tumor-relapse state was evaluated, and the relapse pattern was compared.
RESULTS: A total of 422 and 576 minimally invasive esophagectomies with intraoperative one-lung ventilation and CO 2 -induced pneumothorax were enrolled, respectively. The 5-year OS and DFS were similar between the CO 2 -induced pneumothorax (64.2% and 64.7%) and one-lung ventilation (65.3% and 62.4%) groups following propensity matching. The inverse probability weighting revealed similarly equal survival results in the two groups. The 5-year relapse rates were 35.1% and 30.6% in the one-lung ventilation and CO 2 -induced pneumothorax groups, respectively. Moreover, the relapse patterns were not significantly different between the two groups.
CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggested that the use of intraoperative one-lung ventilation and CO 2 -induced pneumothorax have similar oncological outcomes; therefore, the two methods are both viable options in esophagectomy.
BACKGROUND: Quitting smoking may lead to improvement in substance use, psychiatric symptoms, and pain, especially among high-risk populations who are more likely to experience comorbid conditions. However, causal inferences regarding smoking cessation and its subsequent benefits have been limited.
METHODS: We emulated a hypothetical open-label randomized control trial of smoking cessation using longitudinal observational data of HIV-positive and HIV-negative US veterans from 2003-2015 in the Veterans Aging Cohort Study. We followed individuals from the first time they self-reported current cigarette smoking (baseline). We categorized participants as quitters or non-quitters at the first follow-up visit (approximately 1 year after baseline). Using inverse probability weighting to adjust for confounding and selection bias, we estimated odds ratios for improvement of co-occurring conditions (unhealthy alcohol use, cannabis use, illicit opioid use, cocaine use, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and pain symptoms) at second follow-up (approximately 2 years after baseline) for those who quit smoking compared to those who did not, among individuals who had the condition at baseline.
RESULTS: Of 4,165 eligible individuals (i.e., current smokers at baseline), 419 reported no current smoking and 2,330 reported current smoking at the first follow-up. Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for associations between quitting smoking and improvement of each condition at second follow-up were: 2.10 (1.01, 4.35) for unhealthy alcohol use, 1.75 (1.00, 3.06) for cannabis use, 1.10 (0.58, 2.08) for illicit opioid use, and 2.25 (1.20, 4.24) for cocaine use, 0.78 (0.44, 1.38) for depressive symptoms, 0.93 (0.58, 1.49) for anxiety symptoms, and 1.31 (0.84, 2.06) for pain symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS: While a causal interpretation of our findings may not be warranted, we found evidence for decreased substance use among veterans who quit cigarette smoking but none for the resolution of psychiatric conditions or pain symptoms. Findings suggest the need for additional resources combined with smoking cessation to reduce psychiatric and pain symptoms for high-risk populations.
The present invention relates to an antiviral composition comprising oil from the wood of Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc. as an active ingredient. Oil extracted from the wood (trunk and stem) of Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc. by steam distillation has antiviral effects against influenza A virus and coronavirus. Specifically, the oil from the wood of Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc. inhibits the activity and proliferation of influenza A virus (H1N1), and inhibits the activity and proliferation of Feline coronavirus(FCoV). Thus, the composition containing, as an active ingredient, oil from the wood of Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc. can be effectively used in antiviral functional cosmetics, multi-purpose cleaners, preservatives, additives, food, medicines, and the like.
A medicament for treatment of multiple sclerosis and other neurodegenerative diseases, disorders or conditions. An alkyl ester of imidazole carboxylic acid, preferably methyl 4-imidazolecarboxylate, is administered in a therapeutic amount. It is hypothesized that the alkyl ester of imidazole carboxylic acid serves to restore and/or maintain the intracellular/extracellular osmolyte gradient in the central nervous system (CNS). The methyl 4-imidazolecarboxylate may be administered transdermally, using PLO gel or other suitable transderamal carrier. The compound may also be administered orally, inhaler or by injection. The treatment is advantageously performed on a three day cycle, with a period of two days intervening between each day on which the compound is administered. Dosage ranges may be from about 0.01 mcg to about 3.0 mcg, with dosages in the range from about 0.1 mcg to about 0.2 mcg in generally preferred when using transdermal administration.
Serious and sometimes fatal dermatologic reactions, including toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) have been reported in patients taking allopurinol [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. These reactions occur in approximately 5 in 10,000 (0.05%) patients taking allopurinol. Other serious hypersensitivity reactions that have been reported include exfoliative, urticarial and purpuric lesions; generalized vasculitis; and irreversible hepatotoxicity. Discontinue ALOPRIM at the first appearance of skin rash or other signs which may indicate a hypersensitivity reaction.

The HLA-B*58:01 allele is a genetic marker for severe skin reactions indicative of hypersensitivity to allopurinol. Patients who carry the HLA-B*58:01 allele are at a higher risk of allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS), but hypersensitivity reactions have been reported in patients who do not carry this allele. The frequency of this allele is higher in individuals of African, Asian (e.g., Han Chinese, Korean, Thai), and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander ancestry [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.5)]. The use of ALOPRIM is not recommended in HLA-B*58:01 positive patients unless the benefits clearly outweigh the risks.

Prior to starting ALOPRIM, consider testing for the HLA-B*58:01 allele in genetically at-risk populations. Screening is generally not recommended in patients from populations in which the prevalence of HLA-B*58:01 is low, or in current allopurinol users, as the risk of SJS/TEN/DRESS is largely confined to the first few months of therapy, regardless of HLA-B*58:01 status.

Hypersensitivity reactions to ALOPRIM may be increased in patients with decreased renal function receiving thiazide diuretics and ALOPRIM concurrently. In addition, concomitant use of the following drugs may increase the risk of skin rash, which may be severe: bendamustine, thiazide diuretics, ampicillin and amoxicillin [see Drug Interactions (7.1)]. Patients should stop ALOPRIM and seek medical attention if they develop a rash.
Human milk is considered as the golden standard for infant formula. In human milk and infant formula lipids provide about 55% of energy for the infant and represent as such a major nutrient for the baby. The vast majority of the lipids in human milk is composed of triacylglycerols (98% of total lipids) and the remainder percent are phospholipids. Triglycerides are composed of the glycerol backbone to which three fatty acids are bound. In human milk, palmitate (16:0) is the major long chain saturated fatty acid representing 22% to 26% of total fatty acids, esterified to approximately 70% in sn-2 position on the glycerol backbone. Unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid (18:1) and linoleic acid (18:2n-6) are preferentially esterified at the 1 and 3 position. In infant formulas the major source of palmitic acid is palm oil or palm olein where palmitate is, however, preferentially in the external 1,3 positions, and mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids are usually esterified at the 2-position of the triacylgycerol.

The aim of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of infant formula containing 40% and 50%, respectively, of palmitic acid in sn-2 position.
All clinical data has come from the treatment of individuals who were accidentally contaminated. Observational data were maintained in a U.S. Registry of individuals with internal radiation contamination primarily from acute occupational contamination with plutonium, americium and curium.

In 286 individuals, bioassays were available to measure urinary radioactivity elimination after chelation therapy. Of these 286 individuals, 18 had matched pre- and post-chelator urine radioactivity bioassay results available. The majority of these individuals received Ca-DTPA as the initial component to their chelation therapy. When multiple chelator doses were administered over days, the standard of practice was to switch therapy to Zn-DTPA following an initial dose of Ca-DTPA. Although both chelators were considered equipotent 24 hours following internal contamination, Zn-DTPA was considered less toxic. In one individual who received 3 doses, 1 gram each, by nebulization (1:1 Zn-DTPA and saline) followed by 6 intravenous doses, the urinary excretion of plutonium after the first nebulized dose was increased by a factor of 45.

After initial treatment with Ca-DTPA, maintenance treatment was continued with daily 1 gram Zn-DTPA doses administered over a period of days, months or years, depending on the extent of internal contamination and individual response to therapy. Treatment was generally continued until the excretion enhancement factor (EEF) approached 1. The longest treatment duration was 3.5 years. Similar increases in urinary radioactivity elimination were supported by data from the remaining 268 individuals in the U.S. Registry and from the literature.