anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This is a prospective open label clinical trial comparing serum albumin levels and total protein intake in the peritoneal dialysis patient population. Two treatment groups were established: a natural food group who was instructed by their dietician in how to reach their goal protein intake through purely increasing the consumption of natural foods rich in protein versus a protein supplement group who was instructed by their dietician in how many protein supplements to consume in addition to their natural food intake in order to reach their goal protein intake. To increase compliance, patients were allowed to choose which treatment group they wanted to participate in. Patients, however, were not allowed to change groups during the study.

At the initiation of the study patients were asked to record food diaries so the dietician can calculate their baseline protein intake. Each patient had an assigned dietician who met with the patient monthly. The food diaries were collected during their monthly visits. Patients were also randomly called and asked to give their food intake during the last 24 hours in order to minimize recall bias. Each month the participant's dietician calculated their protein intake deficit and educated the patient on how to increase their protein intake to reach their goal of 1.4g/kg/day. The recommended protein intake for peritoneal dialysis patients is between 1.2 to 1.5 g/kg/day. Therefore, a goal of 1.4g/kg/day was set, which is at the higher end of the goal range in order to ensure an adequately high protein intake.

The patient's serum albumin levels, phosphate levels, kt/v, and total protein intake were recorded at baseline, month 1 (M1), month 2 (M2), and month 3 (M3). Furthermore, all major comorbidities in each patient were recorded and compared. Data was extracted from the electronical medical record system and entered into a password protected file. This data was then analyzed.
BACKGROUND: This study investigated the role of the thoracic skeletal muscle mass as a marker of sarcopenia on postoperative mortality in pleural empyema.
METHODS: All consecutive patients (n = 103) undergoing surgery for pleural empyema in a single tertiary referral center between January 2020 and December 2022 were eligible for this study. Thoracic skeletal muscle mass index (TSMI) was determined from preoperative computed tomography scans. The impact of TSMI and other potential risk factors on postoperative in-hospital mortality was retrospectively analyzed.
RESULTS: A total of 97 patients were included in this study. The in-hospital mortality rate was 13.4%. In univariable analysis, low values for preoperative TSMI (p = 0.020), low preoperative levels of thrombocytes (p = 0.027) and total serum protein (p = 0.046) and higher preoperative American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) category (p = 0.007) were statistically significant risk factors for mortality. In multivariable analysis, only TSMI (p = 0.038, OR 0.933, 95% CI: 0.875-0.996) and low thrombocytes (p = 0.031, OR 0.944, 95% CI: 0.988-0.999) remained independent prognostic factors for mortality.
CONCLUSIONS: TSMI was a significant prognostic risk factor for postoperative mortality in patients with pleural empyema. TSMI may be suitable for risk stratification in this disease with high morbidity and mortality, which may have further implications for the selection of the best treatment strategy.
1,133,334. Stilbene derivatives. VANTOREX Ltd. 1 April, 1966 [2 April, 1965], No. 14150/65. Heading C2C. Cis- and trans-compounds of the general formula (wherein R 1  and R 2  are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group containing from 1-6 carbon atoms or taken together with the nitrogen atom form a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring which may contain an oxygen, sulphur or further nitrogen atom and may be substituted by one or more C 1-6  alkyl groups, Alk is a C 1-6  alkylene radical, R 3 , R 4 , R 5  are the same or different and are each a hydrogen atom, a C 1-6  alkyl or alkoxy group or a halogen atom, and each substituent R 3 , R 4 , R 5  on one nucleus is the same as or different from the corresponding substituent R 3 , R 4 , R 5  on the other nucleus) and their acid addition and quaternary ammonium salts are prepared by standard methods, e.g.-in the case of tertiary amines-reacting a compound of the formula (wherein X is a halogen atom) with HOAlk- NR 1 R 2  or a metal derivative thereof, optionally followed by salt formation. The compounds of the invention possess anticonvulsant, central nervous system depressant and mucolytic activity and may be administered in the form of pharmaceutical preparations containing them together with a carrier.
All subjects in the study will be initially followed for an 8-week observational phase during which subjects will visit the pharmacy and purchase metformin following their usual routines. After 8-weeks subjects will be randomised to one of the 2 treatments arms. Subjects in the metformin large pack arm will receive medication free of charge in a large, monthly pack. Dosing of metformin will not be dictated by the protocol. Subjects will remain on their prescribed dose of metformin throughout the study, unless a change is recommended by their physician.
Participants will receive 100mg oral niacin one day to two weeks after baseline psychophysical and fMRI testing. Psychophysical and fMRI testing will then be employed one day to two weeks after drug administration.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composition for anti-stress which can be administered for a long period of time and is highly safe. Provided is an anti-stress composition containing Lactobacillus helveticus as an active ingredient. The stress may be mental stress. In addition, the composition can be used for treating or preventing anxiety, phobia, social disorder, and maladaptation. And, the lactobacillus helveticus may be lactobacillus helveticus NITE BP-01671. Further, the composition may be a pharmaceutical composition or a food or beverage composition.
BACKGROUND: Data for the use of ketamine (Ket) in treatment of refractory and super-refractory status epilepticus (RSE, SRSE) is lacking despite its widespread growing use. We examined the efficacy of ketamine plus midazolam (MDZ) infusions for treating RSE versus midazolam alone. We hypothesized that ketamine initiation would result in earlier seizure termination.
METHODS: Data was obtained from electronic health records (EHR) of adult patients who received intravenous anesthetic agents for RSE in our neurointensive care unit. Two cohorts were identified. The MDZ cohort received midazolam as the only intravenous anesthetic agent for RSE. The Ket+MDZ cohort received midazolam infusion followed by ketamine infusion. The primary outcomes were time from midazolam infusion start to SE end in both cohorts, and time from ketamine infusion start (Ket Start) to SE end in the Ket+MDZ cohort versus midazolam infusion start (MDZ start) to SE end in the MDZ cohort.
RESULTS: 73 patients were included (MDZ cohort n=17, Ket + MDZ cohort n=56). Cohorts did not differ significantly in age, sex, race, RSE etiology, or GCS on admission. Mean APACHE II score was higher in the Ket +MDZ cohort (26 ± 7.32 SD) versus the MDZ cohort (22 ± 5.89 SD)(P=.015). In survival analyses, cohorts did not differ significantly in time from midazolam start to SE end (HR=0.965, 95 % CI=0.556-1.673, P=.899; median [IQR]: MDZ: 25 h [4.5-58]; Ket+MDZ: 21.5 h [IQR 13.5-49]). Time from Ket start (Ket+MDZ group) versus time from MDZ start (MDZ group) to SE end was significantly shorter in the Ket+MDZ cohort (HR=1.895, 95 % CI=1.083-3.314, P=.025). The pattern of results was similar when including APACHE II and MDZ maximum dosage as covariates.
CONCLUSION: Time to SE end was significantly shorter after addition of ketamine infusion to midazolam infusion, versus after initiation of midazolam infusion monotherapy. Patients with higher disease severity favored Ket+MDZ. Randomized controlled trials are warranted in determining optimal anesthetics in RSE and SRSE.
BACKGROUND: Genetic testing for persons with a heightened likelihood of harboring a germline mutation permits early identification and appropriate management. This study aimed to identify the proportion of breast cancer (BC) patients who were offered genetic testing and the prevalence of BRCA mutations among them. Additionally, we assessed the demographic and clinical features of BC patients in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 2535 patients with BC were retrieved from the registry between 2017 and 2021. The data were analyzed and presented using univariate and bivariate statistics. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals using logistic regression analysis were computed to identify the predictors of BRCA testing.
RESULTS: Patients with BC ranged in age from 18 to 103 years, and the mean age was 49.60 ± 12.14 years. BC was detected in men in 29 (1.1%) cases. Among diagnosed patients with BC, a total of 96 (3.7%) patients underwent testing for BRCA gene mutations. Of them, 36 (37.5%) patients had a BRCA gene mutation. The likelihood of undergoing BRCA testing was higher for those who were diagnosed with the condition before the age of 50, patients who were referred from private institutions, and patients with a history of previously diagnosed cancer. The likelihood of conducting BRCA testing was significantly lower among those with distant metastases.
CONCLUSION: The proportion of BRCA testing among BC patients was found to be relatively low. The development of a cost-effective, locally developed risk assessment tool that incorporates genetic counseling and testing for those with a familial predisposition to BC is imperative.
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a syndrome consisting of urgency, usually accompanied by urinary frequency and nocturia, with or without urgent incontinence, in absence of a causative infection or pathological conditions. The prevalence of OAB is approximately 11-19% in both men and women, and leads to a significant negative effect on health-related quality of life. The prevalence of OAB increases with age. The elderly population is unique, with increased medical comorbidities and the possibility for cognitive and functional deficits. Anticholinergics should be avoided in older adults as this class of drugs is associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline. Unfortunately, there is little data on the possibility of using intradetrusor injections of botulinum toxin, as well as tibial and sacral neuromodulation in elderly patients with OAB.
The investigators will conduct a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in normotensive and stage 1 hypertensive drug naïve participants (age 18-50 years, equal distribution of blacks and whites, and males and females, BP \<140/90 mmHg). The average intake of sodium in the American diet is 3,400 mg per day. The average recommended dose is 2,300 mg per day. Eligible participants will be enrolled and provided with one-hour in-person/telehealth nutritional counseling at the GPI to reduce their sodium intake by 1,100 mg per day to achieve the sodium intake of 2,300 mg/day. Participants will then be randomized to receive either placebo or salt pills of 2,000 mg per day for four weeks while continuously receiving weekly telehealth nutritional counseling. The salt group's sodium intake will be 4,300 mg per day, while the sodium intake in the placebo group will be 2,300 mg per day. Participants will have a follow-up visit at six months after the 4-week sodium intervention. Participants will be tested four times (Figure 1). Participants will receive the first 1-hour in-person/telehealth nutrition counseling at GPI (baseline) and three weekly telehealth nutrition counseling during the 4-week intervention period.
ABSTRACT      DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE INCORPORATING A BIOCHEMICAL LIGAND      The invention relates to a device useful in diagnostics in which a biochemical species is attached to the surface of a sensor, especially to the gate of a field effect transistor.  In such a "BIOCHEMFET" it has been a problem to attach two or more biochemical species to the surface of the sensor, especially to the gates of a multi-gated FET.  It has now been found possible to bond a group having a photoactivatable function covalently to the sensor surface, photo-expose the resultant modified surface selectively, e.g. through a mask, and bond the biochemical species, e.g. a hapten, antigen, antibody, lectin or enzyme, to the photoactivated function.  In this way the biochemical species becomes attached in selected areas only.  In view of the success of this technique realised under conditions of miniaturisation, the invention makes possible "printed circuits for proteins".      The invention includes the device, process of manufacture thereo, use for diagnostic purposes and a diagnostic kit of the device and a partner capable of binding to the biochemical species.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a pharmaceutical preparation containing blood coagulation factor IX and useful for replacement therapy of hemophilia B patients. SOLUTION: One of factor IX derived from aqueous mixture containing at least one plasma zymogen in addition to blood coagulation factor IX is brought into contact with a carrier based on a polymer having hydrophobic group and selectively bound to the blood coagulation factor IX to prepare a coagulation factor IX complex. The complex can contain vitamin K-dependent protein (e.g. protein C) in addition to the factor IX. Then, the factor IX is eluted by using hydrophobic chromatography from the coagulation factor IX complex to afford an eluate containing the factor IX, which is then formulated into a pharmaceutical preparation.  The aqueous mixture containing the factor IX having preferably 60-120 ms conductivity is used in order to prepare the complex and the elution is carried out in conductivity condition lower by maximum 20% than conductivity of the aqueous mixture containing the factor IX. The complex can further be used for obtaining monoclonal antibody or polyclonal antibody specific to the factor IX.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Chaihu Guizhi decoction (CGD) is a classic Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) prescription for the treatment of influenza and fever, composes of Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Codonopsis Radix (Dangshen), Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle (Zhigancao), Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum (Fabanxia), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao) and Jujubae Fructus (Dazao) in the ratio of 12:4.5:4.5:4.5:3:6:4.5:4.5:4. The efficacy of TCM, if there are differences, depends on the different extraction methods and extracted components.
AIM OF THE STUDY: This study was to evaluate the anti-influenza virus effect of CGD extracts with different extraction methods, analyze the components and explore their correlation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: CGD were prepared with four extraction methods respectively, the traditional decoction (TD), two steps alcohol-water extraction (AWE), alcohol reflux extraction (AE) and water reflux extraction (WE). Based on the influenza mouse model, the efficacy of anti-influenza virus in vivo of the four CGD extracts were evaluated with the therapeutic index of body weight, rectal temperature, lung index, thymus index and lung viral load of mice. The chemical components in four CGD extracts, and compounds absorbed in rats blood with prototypes or metabolites were identified by UPLC-Q-Exactive/MS. The partial least squares (PLS) method was used to explore the correlation between the components variation in CGD extracts and the comprehensive efficacy index. The potential effective components were further accessed by molecular docking.
RESULTS: Comparing with the other three extracts, AWE has the best anti-influenza effect. It could ameliorate the symptoms caused by influenza virus infection in mice, increase body weight and rectal temperature, reduce the lung index and virus load in lung tissue. 129, 144, 140 and 129 components were identified from TD, AWE, AE, and WE respectively. The identified components were mainly including flavonoids, terpenoids, organic acids, phenylpropanoids, amino acids, nucleosides, phenols, alkaloids, etc. 43 prototypes and 49 metabolites of CGD were detected in rat plasma after oral administration. Seven components, cinnamaldehyde, wogonoside, baicalin, baicalein, gallic acid, oroxylinA-7-O-glucuronide and coumarin, showed significant correlation with anti-influenza effects, all of which had good binding activity with NA, IL-6, STAT3, AKT1, EGFR and TNF.
CONCLUSION: Two steps alcohol-water extraction was optimal for CGD preparation. Cinnamaldehyde, wogonoside, oroxylinA-7-O-glucuronide, coumarin, gallic acid, baicalein and baicalin play a certain essential role in anti-influenza effects and may be taken as a potential maker compounds for quality evaluation of CGD.
Exercise training has long been recommended as a means of improving effort tolerance and reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). One mechanism of benefit may be through improved endothelial function with enhanced nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity. Such an effect may augment blood flow to exercising skeletal muscle and to the myocardium, and reduce vascular inflammation, platelet activation and adherence which could diminish the risk of thrombosis. In 46 patients with CAD, participating in the Suburban Hospital cardiac rehabilitation program (Protocol 03-H-0086), we detected increases in circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which may have the capacity to repair diseased or dysfunctional endothelium. In the last 23 participants (following amendment of the protocol) a subset showed increase in whole blood nitrite - a marker of intravascular NO - at completion of program. However, not all patients showed EPC mobilization or increased intravascular NO despite compliant program participation and improved effort tolerance. One possibility is that EPCs from patients who fail to derive vascular benefit as evidenced by increased intravascular NO may have different EPC gene expression profiles at baseline or in response to repetitive exercise, resulting in diminished protection of EPCs against oxidant stress with initiation of apoptosis, compared with EPC gene expression in patients who show evidence of EPC mobilization and endothelial repair. The purpose of our study is to 1) Prospectively demonstrate a relationship between EPC mobilization and increased whole blood nitrite as a marker of improved vascular NO bioactivity due to EPC mobilization, and 2) Determine EPC gene expression profiles, with a focus on activation or suppression of genes whose products regulate intravascular redox potential, apoptosis and growth factor and cytokine secretion. We hypothesize that activation or suppression of critical genes in EPCs at baseline or during exercise may determine EPC mobilization, endothelial differentiation and vascular repair potential as evidenced by increased intravascular NO.
Fenofibrate 160 mg per day. To be taken once per day for 6 weeks.
Endoscopic pancreatic duct stenting has been increasingly used for the treatment of a variety of pancreatic disorders including chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic duct stricture, drainage of pseudocysts, and the prevention of pancreatitis following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Several randomized, controlled trials and meta-analyses have proven a significant reduction in incidence and severity of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) with prophylactic pancreatic duct stenting. The US and European guidelines recommend that pancreatic duct stents (PDS) be placed between 7-10 days and 5-10 days, respectively, in order to prevent PEP in some situations. Therefore, the placement of PDS has been an established essential procedure for preventing a fatal complication, PEP. Furthermore, PDS placement can facilitate difficult common bile duct cannulation. It may help not only to straighten papillary anatomy but also to identify the location of the biliary orifice.

However, PDS tends to become occluded easily due to protein content, calcium carbonate crystals, and bacteria in the pancreatic juice. The occluded PDS can cause acute pancreatitis or abdominal pain. For this reason, the guidelines recommend PDS be placed within 10 days. Because of this policy, the patient must take the inconvenience of undergoing another endoscopic procedure to remove the PDS. However, all patients with occluded PDS do not have symptoms such as pain. In one series, only 6 percent of patients with clogged PDS developed symptoms. The low incidence of symptoms despite a high rate of stent occlusion suggests that the stent may function as a wick around which pancreatic juices continue to drain. In addition, the rate of spontaneous stent dislodgement was relatively high (65-86%) within 30 days according to a previous study. A recent study also reported that prolonged retention of prophylactic pancreatic stents is not associated with increased complications.

Taken together, PDS placed during ERCP do not need to be removed until any symptom develops. In particular, if the investigators can observe PDS for about a month without removing them, the PDS are more likely to pass out spontaneously, which could reduce unnecessary procedures. However, to date, there have been few randomized controlled studies on the optimal placement duration of PDS inserted during ERCP.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop an inhibitor of JAK, JNK, GSK, SYK, and CDK protein kinases.  <P>SOLUTION: The invention provides a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The invention also provides pharmaceutically acceptable compositions containing the compound and a method for utilizing the compounds and the compositions in the treatment of various protein kinase-mediated disorders. The compounds and its pharmaceutically acceptable compositions are effective as inhibitors of JAK-3, JNK-3, CDK-2, SYK, and GSK-3 protein kinases. The composition contains the compound of formula I, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant or vehicle.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Early investigations of the neuronal actin filament cytoskeleton gave rise to the notion that, although growth cones exhibit high levels of actin filaments, the axon shaft exhibits low levels of actin filaments. With the development of new tools and imaging techniques, the axonal actin filament cytoskeleton has undergone a renaissance and is now an active field of research. This article reviews the current state of knowledge about the actin cytoskeleton of the axon shaft. The best understood forms of actin filament organization along axons are axonal actin patches and a submembranous system of rings that endow the axon with protrusive competency and structural integrity, respectively. Additional forms of actin filament organization along the axon have also been described and their roles are being elucidated. Extracellular signals regulate the axonal actin filament cytoskeleton and our understanding of the signaling mechanisms involved is being elaborated. Finally, recent years have seen advances in our perspective on how the axonal actin cytoskeleton is impacted by, and contributes to, axon injury and degeneration. The work to date has opened new venues and future research will undoubtedly continue to provide a richer understanding of the axonal actin filament cytoskeleton.
Home-based exercise program: The exercise training group will participate in an educational session on exercise for CKD. Participants will receive a packet of information with an exercise prescription and a heart rate monitor that monitors the exercise. Participants will be asked to exercise (a brisk walk) at home, 3 times per week, for 30-60 minutes for 24 weeks. Participants will be contacted via phone biweekly or more frequently if they are behind the exercise routine, and the investigators will meet with them monthly to provide encouragement and progression of exercise, and to download the heart rate monitor.