anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PM2.5 exposure has been found to cause gut dysbiosis and impair glucose homeostasis in human and animals, yet their underlying biological connection remain unclear. In the present study, we aim to investigate the biological significance of gut microbiota in PM2.5-induced glucose metabolic abnormalities. Our results showed that microbiota depletion by antibiotics treatment significantly alleviated PM2.5-induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, as indicated by the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, glucose-induced insulin secretion, insulin tolerance test, insulin-induced phosphorylation levels of Akt and GSK-3β in insulin sensitive tissues. In addition, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from PM2.5-exposed donor mice successfully remodeled the glucose metabolism abnormalities in recipient mice, while the transplantation of autoclaved faecal materials did not. Faecal microbiota analysis demonstrated that the composition and alpha diversity of the gut bacterial community were altered by PM2.5 exposure and in FMT recipient mice. Furthermore, short-chain fatty acids levels analysis showed that the circulating acetate was significantly decreased in PM2.5-exposed donor and FMT recipient mice, and supplementation of sodium acetate for 3 months successfully improved the glucose metabolism abnormalities induced by PM2.5 exposure. These results indicate that manipulating gut microbiota or its metabolites could be a potential strategy for preventing the adverse health effects of ambient PM2.5.
In a process for specific replacement of a gene, esp. by DNA targetting, the DNA being inserted consists of a part of a gene which can be made functional (or more efficient) when combined with complementary to form a complete recombinant gene in the genome of a eukaryotic cell. The new features are that (1) the insertion site is in a chosen receptor gene contg. the complementary gene; (2) eukaryotic cells are transfected with a vector contg. an insert consisting of the insert DNA and 2 flanking sequences homologous to two genomic sequences adjacent to the insertion site; (3) the inserted DNA is heterologous with respect to the receptor gene and (4) the flanking sequences make up complementary DNA so that, by homologous recombination with the corresp. sequences of the receptor gene, a complete gene is reconstructed in the genome of the eukaryotic cell. Also new are (1) plasmids for this process; (2) transformed eukaryotic cells and (3) transgenic animals in which one copy of a gene (oresent at least twice) has been inactivated by insertion of a different gene.
Participants will perform constant power output tests at four separate, fixed intensities to exhaustion on a cycle ergometer on separate days. These exhaustive, constant power tests will be preceded by 3 minutes of light cycling only.
OBJECTIVE: Our study was to elucidate the role of RNA helicase DEAD-Box Helicase 17 (DDX17) in NAFLD and to explore its underlying mechanisms.
METHODS: We created hepatocyte-specific Ddx17-deficient mice aim to investigate the impact of Ddx17 on NAFLD induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) as well as methionine and choline-deficient l-amino acid diet (MCD) in adult male mice. RNA-seq and lipidomic analyses were conducted to depict the metabolic landscape, and CUT&Tag combined with chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assays were conducted.
RESULTS: In this work, we observed a notable increase in DDX17 expression in the livers of patients with NASH and in murine models of NASH induced by HFD or MCD. After introducing lentiviruses into hepatocyte L02 for DDX17 knockdown or overexpression, we found that lipid accumulation induced by palmitic acid/oleic acid (PAOA) in L02 cells was noticeably weakened by DDX17 knockdown but augmented by DDX17 overexpression. Furthermore, hepatocyte-specific DDX17 knockout significantly alleviated hepatic steatosis, inflammatory response and fibrosis in mice after the administration of MCD and HFD. Mechanistically, our analysis of RNA-seq and CUT&Tag results combined with ChIP and luciferase reporter assays indicated that DDX17 transcriptionally represses Cyp2c29 gene expression by cooperating with CCCTC binding factor (CTCF) and DEAD-Box Helicase 5 (DDX5). Using absolute quantitative lipidomics analysis, we identified a hepatocyte-specific DDX17 deficiency that decreased lipid accumulation and altered lipid composition in the livers of mice after MCD administration. Based on the RNA-seq analysis, our findings suggest that DDX17 could potentially have an impact on the modulation of lipid metabolism and the activation of M1 macrophages in murine NASH models.
CONCLUSION: These results imply that DDX17 is involved in NASH development by promoting lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, inducing the activation of M1 macrophages, subsequent inflammatory responses and fibrosis through the transcriptional repression of Cyp2c29 in mice. Therefore, DDX17 holds promise as a potential drug target for the treatment of NASH.
Chest and hypochondriac pain can be caused by many factors, such as neuralgia between the upper parts of the side of the human body, chest wall muscle injury, breastbone pathology and lung phlegm diseases, pleurisy, liver and stomach diseases, and the like. The factors causing the chest and hypochondriac pain comprise two-side hypochondriac pain having symptoms of two-side hypochondriac gas pain, pulling of lower abdomen, chest pain, choking sensation in chest, cough, acute chest and abdominal pain, emesis and incapability of eating, unpalpable abdominal pain or ascarid emesis; chronic hepatitis having symptoms of pain in a lower right hypochondriac region, abdominal distension, poor appetite, hypochondriac pain after eating greasy food, and aggravated abdominal distension after eating greasy food; cholecystitis having symptoms of intermittent right hypochondriac pain or right hypochondriac dull pain, sharp pain which pull right shoulder and back sometimes, anepithymia, dry mouth and tongue and dysphoria; chest rib neuralgia; the pleurisy having symptoms of chest swelling pain, cough and expectoration, and shortness of breath; hydrothorax having symptoms of external infection, hypochondriac pain, bitter taste, nausea, chill, fever, sweating, dizziness, and airway obstruction inhibiting chest and diaphragm; and the like. Chinese herbal medicines are adopted as raw materials for treating the chest and hypochondriac pain in an effective prescription provided by the invention. The effective prescription is an adequate remedy for the chest and hypochondriac pain. Juice is extracted by a traditional medicine decocting method and is orally taken. The effective prescription has unique treating effects. Based on repeated research and argumentation for a plurality of years, the curative rate of the effective prescription is 93% in clinical observation. The effective prescription has short curative period, rapid effectiveness and good consolidation, and is safe and reliable.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to report the initial experience with a novel bidirectional double cuff inner branch design for incorporation of renal and mesenteric arteries in patients undergoing fenestrated and branched endovascular aortic repair (F/BEVAR).
METHODS: A retrospective review was undertaken of the experience of F/BEVAR with grafts integrating at least one bidirectional double cuffed inner branch implanted at three tertiary aortic centres between March 2022 and June 2023. All consecutive patients were included. Baseline characteristics, operative data, and follow up data were collected. Results were presented as number or median (interquartile range) unless otherwise stated.
RESULTS: Thirteen patients (10 male; median age 72 [68, 77] years) had F/BEVAR using a total of 15 bidirectional double cuffed inner branches (30 cuffs). Indications for bidirectional doubled cuffed inner branches included cranial vessel orientation or double renal arteries in four patients each, common coeliomesenteric trunk in three patients, and early renal artery bifurcation, renal artery origin from a false lumen requiring a flexible route for catheterisation, and surplus configuration in one patient each. Twenty three of the 30 cuffs were used, whereas the remaining seven cuffs were intentionally occluded with vascular plugs. Target vessel incorporation was successful in all bidirectional branches. There was one technical failure related to unsuccessful catheterisation of a left renal artery targeted through a unidirectional caudal inner branch. During a median follow up of seven months there were no instances of target vessel instability or re-interventions and two patients died of causes unrelated to the bidirectional branches.
CONCLUSION: The results of the use of bidirectional double cuff inner branches are promising, with high technical success and no short term branch related complications in this preliminary experience. This could potentially expand the applicability of branch endografting of complex endovascular aortic repairs, but long term results are still missing.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the effects of exercise and oral health on frailty and to investigate the moderating effect of oral health on the relationship between exercise and frailty among patients with musculoskeletal disorders.
METHODS: This descriptive, cross-sectional study used data from the seventh wave of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. Frailty index based on 41 deficits across seven domains was used, and oral health was assessed using the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed to confirm the moderating effect of oral health, and PROCESS macro model 1 by Hayes was applied to examine an inference test of the conditional effect of the moderator.
RESULTS: Data on 1,812 participants with musculoskeletal disorders (mean age 75.0 ± 8.6 years) was analyzed. Compared with no exercise, regular exercise (β= -2.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]= -3.42; -1.34) was significantly associated with lower frailty level. Good oral health (β= -0.38, 95% CI= -0.44, -0.32) was significantly associated with lower frailty level. A significant moderating effect of oral health on the relationship between regular exercise and frailty was detected (β= 0.18, 95% CI= 0.05, 0.30).
CONCLUSIONS: The beneficial effects of regular exercise on frailty were greater in participants with poor oral health than in those with good oral health. Healthcare providers should actively encourage older patients with musculoskeletal disorders and poor oral health to exercise regularly. Combined exercise and oral healthcare interventions may be the most effective strategy for managing frailty in older patients with musculoskeletal disorders.
INTRODUCTION: Obesity is linked to metabolic disorders. Bariatric surgery offers a promising therapeutic effect in the treatment of obesity, but its impact on fatty acid (FA) profiles within erythrocytes and the associated clinical implications remain underexplored.
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess changes in erythrocyte membrane FA composition after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and to correlate these alterations with clinical parameters.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 61 patients with morbid obesity undergoing LSG and 32 healthy controls were enrolled. Erythrocyte membrane FA composition was analyzed using gas chromatography. Clinical parameters, including body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and multiple biochemical markers, were evaluated. In the surgical patients, the dynamics of metabolism post‑LSG was assessed by exploring the ratios of erythrocyte FA concentrations at baseline and 6 months postsurgery, with the corresponding ratios calculated for clinical parameters.
RESULTS: Bariatric intervention resulted in reduction of median BMI (41.1 to 32 kg/m2) and median fat mass (54.1 to 35.2 kg). Other anthropometric parameters also improved significantly. Favorable changes in FA metabolism post‑LSG, potentially leading to a reduction in cardiovascular disease risk, were observed. The OMEGA‑3 Index (median, 1.8 vs 3) and the eicosapentaenoic / arachidonic FA ratio (median, 0.1 vs 0.2) increased after surgery. Linoleic acid (LA) was shown to be significantly associated with markers of obesity. The LA ratios increased along with the reduction of BMI (r = -0.32), fat mass (r = -0.39), and waist circumference (r = -0.33) proportions. A positive correlation was noted between LA concentration and excess weight loss percentage (r = 0.49), and excess BMI loss percentage (r = 0.5).
CONCLUSIONS: The study underscores distinct post‑LSG changes in erythrocyte FA profiles, potentially associated with reduced weight and BMI, improved inflammatory status, and lower cardiovascular disease risk.
RATIONALE: Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is an immune-mediated motor sensory peripheral neuropathy that is rare in clinical practice. This treatment method aims to suppress potential immunopathology. Nocardiosis is a rare, destructive, opportunistic disease. We report a case of failed treatment of CIDP combined with pulmonary nocardiosis, and for the first time, we link these 2 diseases together.
PATIENT CONCERNS: A 65-year-old man developed symmetrical limb weakness. Four months later, he was diagnosed with CIDP and started receiving glucocorticoid (GC) treatment. The disease progressed slowly and was treated with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in combination. He did not follow the doctor requirements for monthly follow-up visits, and the preventive medication for sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim was not strictly implemented. Two months after the combination therapy, the patient developed fever, coughing and sputum production, as well as fatigue and poor appetite. Based on imaging and etiological results, he was diagnosed with pulmonary nocardiosis.
DIAGNOSES: Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, pulmonary nocardiosis.
INTERVENTIONS: After treatment with antibiotics, the patient lung infection temporarily improved. However, the patient CIDP condition progressed, limb weakness worsened, respiratory muscle involvement occurred, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was administered. However, there was no significant improvement in the condition, and the patient died.
OUTCOMES: In this report, we present a case of a patient with CIDP and pulmonary nocardiosis. It is worth noting that in order to avoid the progression and recurrence of CIDP, we did not stop using related therapeutic drugs during the treatment process, the patient had repeatedly refused to use IVIG. Despite this, the patient condition worsened when lung inflammation improved, leading to persistent respiratory failure and ultimately death. Treatment contradictions, medication issues, and patient compliance issues reflected in this case are worth considering.
LESSONS: For patients with CIDP receiving immunosuppressive therapy, attention should be paid to the occurrence and severity of Nocardia infection. Therefore, early detection and treatment are necessary. We need to pay attention to the compliance of patients with prophylactic use of antibiotics, strengthen the follow-up, and urge them to return to their appointments on time.
While the presence of a sufficient size of keratinized oral mucosa is favorable, the surgical procedure to increase the size is technically difficult. In the traditional way, preparation of the gum bed for a graft tissue is done with partial-thickness flap elevation, in which part of the mucosa and submucosa, but not the periosteum (dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones), are separated from underneath bone. In the traditional method of gum bed preparation, separation of the mucosa and submucosa from underneath periosteum and bone should be done with extremely caution to avoid damaging the periosteum. Therefore, the traditional method of gum bed preparation is not only time consuming but also problematic because of more bleeding when compared to full thickness flap elevation, in which the mucosa and submucosa together with the periosteum are separated from underneath bone. In order to stabilize gum graft on bone surface, a new technique is applied in this study by using two bone screws as anchorage to fastened the graft on the exposed bone through suturing. In the present study, we will compare patient quality of life, operator satisfaction, and differences in surgical wound healing between these two different bed preparations. The results of this study could help establish a more patient- and operator-friendly surgical protocol for the use of gum graft to increase the width of keratinized oral mucosa.
Peptides corresponding to epitopes of HTLV-2 proteins are provided. These peptides are immunologically reactive with HTLV-2 specific antibodies. Several of the peptides are sufficiently unreactive to antibodies to HTLV-1 to distinguish between antibodies which recognize HTLV-1 and those which recognize HTLV-2. Thus HTLV-1 infections can be distinguished from HTLV-2 infections. The peptides are useful in assays for detection of HTLV-2 infection or exposure. The peptides are also useful as vaccine compositions against HTLV-2. Antibodies generated in response to immunization by the peptides are also provided.
The  Chamaecyparis obtusa  extract can be extracted by various methods. For instance, an extraction solvent may be applied to leaves, trunks or branches of the  Chamaecyparis obtuse  for hot water extraction, cold solvent immersing extraction or warm solvent immersing extraction. In this case, the extraction solvent is added to the  Chamaecyparis obtuse  2 to 20 times in a weight ratio to then be mixed, followed by extracting at 10 to 150 for 1 to 24 hours. Here, at least one selected from the group consisting of water, C1-C4 lower alcohols, polyalcohols or mixtures thereof may be used as the extraction solvent. The C1-C4 lower alcohols may include methanol, ethanol, and so on. The polyalcohols may include butylene glycol, propylene glycol, pentylene glycol. The mixtures may include a mixture of water and a lower alcohol, a mixture of water and a polyalcohol, a mixture of water and a lower alcohol and a polyalcohol, or a mixture of water, a lower alcohol and a polyalcohol.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects 5-10% of the general U.S. population at some point during their lifetime; however, the prevalence in much higher among certain subgroups, including active duty military personnel and veterans. Pharmacotherapy of PTSD has made little headway on the past two decades. Methylphenidate (Ritalin®) is a stimulant drug that amplifies dopaminergic and noradrenergic signaling in the brain. Dopamine and norepinephrine are thought to play a critical role during fear extinction by moderating medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activity. The magnitude of mPFC activity seems to crucially affect the degree of fear extinction. The model of fear extinction is one approach to conceptualize PTSD. Thereby a previously neutral stimulus is paired with a highly aversive unconditioned stimulus. Fear extinction refers to the decrement in that conditioned fear responses that occur with repeated presentation of the conditioned neutral fear stimulus without the aversive stimulus. While preclinical data suggest that a single dose of methylphenidate enhances fear extinction, it is less clear how methylphenidate affects fear extinction in humans. However, exposing PTSD patients to new therapies is difficult. In the present study, investigator will investigate the effects of methylphenidate (40 mg) on mPFC activity in healthy male volunteers during fear extinction using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Additionally, investigators will examine the effects of methylphenidate during aversive interoceptve arousal. The present study will help to identify brain structures and networks involved in anxiety and will give insights for methylphenidate as a possible adjunct to behavioral therapy for patients with anxiety disorders. Further, this study may provide important information about the possible use of fMRI to help the development of drugs for the treatment of anxiety disorders.
In Arm 2, Supplement Group and Placebo Group cross over. After a 1-week washout period, and both group will take whatever product they did not take in Arm 2, for 2 week.
###  Preparation of Parenteral Solution

Parenteral drug products should be SHAKEN WELL when reconstituted, and inspected visually for particulate matter prior to administration. If particulate matter is evident in reconstituted fluids, the drug solutions should be discarded.

Reconstituted solutions may range in color from pale yellow to yellow without a change in potency.

###  Directions for Proper Use of a Pharmacy Bulk Package

Not for direct infusion. This Pharmacy Bulk Package is for use in a hospital pharmacy admixture service only in a suitable work area, such as a laminar flow hood. Using aseptic technique, the container closure may be penetrated only one time after reconstitution using a suitable sterile dispensing set or transfer device that allows measured dispensing of the contents. Use of a syringe and needle is not recommended as it may cause leakage. The withdrawal of container contents should be accomplished without delay. However, should this not be possible, a maximum time of 4 HOURS from initial closure entry is permitted to complete fluid transfer operations. This time limit should begin with the introduction of the solvent or diluent into the Pharmacy Bulk Package. DISCARD ANY UNUSED PORTION AFTER 4 HOURS. 

Pharmacy Bulk Package   
Add Sterile Water for Injection, Bacteriostatic Water for Injection or Sodium Chloride Injection according to the table below. SHAKE WELL. Use promptly. (Discard vial within 4 hours after initial entry.)
Methadone is a drug that is commonly used to treat opiate addiction, usually as part of a detoxification and maintenance program. Methadone offers significant therapeutic benefits to pregnant women who are opiate dependent, and it is currently the treatment of choice for this group of people. In general, breast milk is beneficial for infants. However, there is some concern as to whether it is safe for women who are taking methadone to breastfeed their babies. The purpose of this study is to determine the amount of methadone in the breast milk of women who are breastfeeding and taking methadone for opiate addiction. In addition, this study will evaluate the effects of methadone on infant neurobehavior.

Participants will be assigned to one of two groups: women taking methadone who will breastfeed their babies or women taking methadone who will bottle-feed their babies. On Days 1, 2, 3, 4, 14, and 30, following infant delivery, plasma will be collected from both groups and breast milk will be collected from the breastfeeding group. These samples will be quantitatively analyzed for methadone. Infants will undergo neurobehavioral assessments on Days 3, 14, and 30, following birth. Rates and severity of neonatal abstinence syndrome will also be evaluated.