anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Modified Radical Mastectomy is associated with significant acute postoperative pain. If this pain is not managed properly most patients will develop chronic post-mastectomy pain, which reduces quality of life. Pectoralis (PECS) block is effective in reducing pain and the consumption of analgesia in the post-operative period. The objective was to compare mean post-operative pain with or without pectoral (PECS) block in females undergoing modified radical mastectomy under general anaesthesia.
METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was done in the Department of General Surgery at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad. Patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and underwent modified radical mastectomy were included in the study. A total of 60 patients, were randomly divided into two equal groups, the PEC group and without PEC group. After surgery, patients were shifted to the postoperative care unit and were assessed for postoperative pain after 6 and 12 hours. Data was collected and descriptive analysis was done using SPSS version 22.
RESULTS: The mean age and BMI of the patients was 51.52±10.29 years and 24.1±3.94 kg/m2, respectively. Among patients from the PEC group, the mean post-op pain after the 6 hours was 2.13±0.571 while in the without PEC group, the mean post-op pain was 2.67±1.093 (p-value=0.021). Similarly, in patients from the PEC group, the mean post-op pain after the 12 hours was 1.20±0.407 while in the without PEC group, the mean post-op pain was 1.63±0.615 (p-value=0.002).
CONCLUSIONS: Post-operative pain with PEC block showed significantly better control as compared to the patients without PEC block group in females undergoing modified radical mastectomy under general anaesthesia.
All humans have the occupational right to sleep; therefore, occupational therapy practitioners must prioritize sleep with their clients. In this column, we identify ways to incorporate sleep health into the education and training of occupational therapy practitioners. This starts with identifying entry-level and continuing education opportunities to proclaim sleep as an occupation and a basic biological need. Current practitioners must recognize that sleep health is multidisciplinary, and existing interventions can help clients achieve good sleep health throughout their lifespan. Given the paucity of sleep research in occupational therapy, the potential exists to investigate new, occupation-based assessments and interventions. We provide specific approaches to expand sleep and sleep health knowledge in occupational therapy education, practice, and research.
The invention provides therapeutic antimicrobial compositions and methods for their use based on natural organic phenolic compounds combined with pharmacological agents. The antimicrobial activities of each carvacrol and thymol (fig. 3) are believed to be enhanced, while the pharmacological properties of procaine and related compounds are added to provide their unique properties to facilitate usefulness and effectiveness in humans. The therapeutic compositions are active against bacterial, fungal, and protozoan infections. The forms of the invention are intended to treat various internal infections through parenteral, subcutaneous, intradermal, intravenous, and intramuscular injections. They are also intended as useful agents to treat microbial infections that have become resistant to conventional anitibiotics as well as secondary opportunistic infections.
Honey substance containing 5.1 mg/kg tutin and 23 mg/kg hyenanchin. Subjects to receive single dose of test material such that each subject receives 1.8 mcg/kg body weight of tutin.
The present invention is related to the pharmaceutical industry in general, and to the industry for manufacturing pharmaceutical products intended to prevent diabetic patients from cardiovascular risks. The advantages of the present composition compared to further drugs are that it reduces collateral effects caused by drugs for controlling both pathologies; it reduces cardiovascular risks, as well as side effects caused by the formula components; it achieves other synergystics effects by combining an antidiabetic agent along with a dyslipidaemic agent. The inventive composition consists in the combination of (i) a hypoglycemic agent, (ii) a hypolipemiant agent and (iii) a vitamin. ?? ?? ?? ??.
The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating infectious laryngotracheitis of chickens. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from ophiopogon roots, pinellia tubers, snakegourd fruits, poria cocos, almonds, platycodon roots, licorice roots, radix isatidis, bletilla striata and honeysuckle. The traditional Chinese medicine composition can be powder. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following steps: (1), weighing the traditional Chinese medicines according to the formula of 20-40 parts of the ophiopogon roots, 20-40 parts of the pinellia tubers, 20-40 parts of the snakegourd fruits, 20-40 parts of the poria cocos, 20-40 parts of the almonds, 20-40 parts of the platycodon roots, 20-40 parts of the licorice roots, 20-40 parts of the radix isatidis, 20-40 parts of the bletilla striata and 20-40 parts of the honeysuckle; (2), crushing the traditional Chinese medicines, and screening the crushed traditional Chinese medicines through a 40-80-mesh sieve; (3) mixing the screened and crushed traditional Chinese medicines for 10-20 minutes to obtain traditional Chinese medicine powder; (4) sub-packaging the traditional Chinese medicine powder according to the weight of 100-200 g of each bag to obtain finished products. The traditional Chinese medicine composition provided by the invention can effectively treat the infectious laryngotracheitis of the chickens, and the cure rate is higher than 95%. The formula has the efficacies of clearing heat, removing toxicity, relieving a cough, relieving asthma, eliminating phlegm and evacuating pus.
The invention discloses a pear syrup candy and a preparation method thereof. The pear syrup candy is prepared from the following raw materials: 1000g of Chinese pears or autumn pears, 30g of radix stemonae, 20g of common hogfenneI root, 20g of processed rhizoma pinelliae, 20g of poria cocos, 50g of apricot kernel, 50g of fritillaria cirrhosa, 10g of flos farfarae, 10g of citron powder, 30g of exocarpium citri rubrum powder, 500g of white granulated sugar, a small amount of honey and a proper amount of water. The pear syrup candy prepared by the method is high in quality of used medicinal materials, exquisite in processing, high in quality and inexpensive. The pear syrup candy is mainly used for treating diseases of cough, excessive phlegm, trachitis, asthma, and the like, is sweet in taste, is easy to take and is obvious in curative effect. The formula aims at various cough causes caused by cold cough and poor resistance and the characteristic that a patient is afraid of bitter to take medicine and helps human body to enhance resistance with right amount of nourishing. The pear syrup candy is prepared through reasonable compatibility of various herbal medicines and boiling with honey, maltose, granulated sugar and pear juice aiming at the conditions of heating, cold, tiring and imbalance in the body leading to cough, dry cough, wet cough, and the like. Because the selected Chinese herbal medicines are mild in nature and do not have side effects, the pear syrup candy is suitable for various cough crowd.
Laryngeal dysphonia (LD) and Voice Tremor (VT) are neurological voice disorders that impair speech production. The characteristic feature of LD (i.e., occurring during speaking but not laughing or crying) and the lack of physical laryngeal abnormalities suggests that LD is likely a disorder affecting the task-specific control of phonation by the central nervous system (CNS). Similarly, VT is often observed without any clear peripheral laryngeal etiology, also suggesting a central origin but distinct from that affected in LD. The overall goal of this project is to characterize the common and distinct features of CNS pathophysiology in the neurological voice disorders, LD and VT. The act of speech is a dynamic process, including initial glottal movement, voice onset, and compensatory responses to sensory feedback fluctuations during sustained phonation. Identifying specific functional impairments in LD and VT requires a clear understanding of when in the process of phonation, as well as where in the CNS, aberrant activity occurs. Due to their poor temporal resolution, prior neuroimaging studies have not been able to address the question of when abnormal CNS activation occurs relative to specific phonation events. As a result, critical clues about the underlying etiologies in these disorders have likely been missed. A multimodal brain imaging will asses CNS abnormalities associated with LD and VT, specifically 1) Spatial and temporal CNS pathophysiology during speech and other vocal tasks; 2) Sensorimotor modulations on CNS pathophysiology; and 3) Motor learning and CNS pathophysiology. Future treatments for LD and VT can be developed by targeting CNS pathophysiological mechanisms identified in this project.
Delirium is a heterogeneous syndrome characterized by an acute change in level of consciousness that is associated with inattention and disorganized thinking. Delirium affects most critically ill patients and is associated with poor patient-oriented outcomes such as increased mortality, longer ICU and hospital length of stay, and worse long-term cognitive outcomes. The concept of delirium and its subtypes has existed since nearly the beginning of recorded medical literature, yet robust therapies have yet to be identified. Analogous to other critical illness syndromes, we suspect the lack of identified therapies stems from patient heterogeneity and prior subtyping efforts that do not capture the underlying etiology of delirium. The time has come to leverage machine learning approaches, such as supervised and unsupervised clustering, to identify clinical and pathophysiological distinct clusters of delirium that will likely respond differently to various interventions. We use sedation in the ICU as an example of how precision therapies can be applied to critically ill patients, highlighting the fact that while for some patients a sedative drug may cause delirium, in another cohort sedation is the specific treatment. Finally, we conclude with a proposition to move away from the term delirium, and rather focus on the treatable traits that may allow precision therapies to be tested.
During adult clinical trials in patients with narcolepsy, 3% of 781 patients treated with Xyrem experienced confusion, with incidence generally increasing with dose.

Less than 1% of patients discontinued the drug because of confusion. Confusion was reported at all recommended doses from 6 g to 9 g per night. In a controlled trial in adults where patients were randomized to fixed total daily doses of 3 g, 6 g, or 9 g per night or placebo, a dose-response relationship for confusion was demonstrated, with 17% of patients at 9 g per night experiencing confusion. In all cases in that controlled trial, the confusion resolved soon after termination of treatment. In Trial 3 where sodium oxybate was titrated from an initial 4.5 g per night dose, there was a single event of confusion in one patient at the 9 g per night dose. In the majority of cases in all adult clinical trials in patients with narcolepsy, confusion resolved either soon after termination of dosing or with continued treatment.

Anxiety occurred in 5.8% of the 874 patients receiving Xyrem in adult clinical trials in another population.

Other neuropsychiatric reactions reported in adult clinical trials in patients with narcolepsy and the post-marketing setting included hallucinations, paranoia, psychosis, aggression, and agitation.

In the pediatric clinical trial in patients with narcolepsy, neuropsychiatric reactions, including acute psychosis, confusion, and anxiety, were reported while taking Xyrem.

The emergence or increase in the occurrence of behavioral or psychiatric events in adult and pediatric patients taking Xyrem should be carefully monitored.
Acculturation/enculturation has been found to impact childhood health and obesity status. The objective of this study is to use cross-sectional data to examine the association between proxies of adult/caregiver acculturation/enculturation and child health status (Body Mass Index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], and acanthosis nigricans [AN]) in the U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands (USAPI), Alaska, and Hawai'i. Study participants were from the Children's Healthy Living (CHL) Program, an environmental intervention trial and obesity prevalence survey. Anthropometric data from 2-8 year olds and parent/caregiver questionnaires were used in this analysis. The results of this study (n = 4121) saw that those parents/caregivers who identified as traditional had children who were protected against overweight/obesity (OWOB) status and WC > 75th percentile (compared to the integrated culture identity) when adjusted for significant variables from the descriptive analysis. AN did not have a significant association with cultural classification. Future interventions in the USAPI, Alaska, and Hawai'i may want to focus efforts on parents/caregivers who associated with an integrated cultural group as an opportunity to improve health and reduce child OWOB prevalence.
The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a novel marker of insulin resistance that has been strongly associated with many diseases related to metabolic disorders, such as diabetes, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and stroke. However, whether the TyG index is associated with the prevalence of gallstones has not been determined. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the TyG index and the prevalence of gallstones in American adults, as well as the age at which adults in America undergo their first gallstone surgery. We selected individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2017 to March 2020. Based on the goal of our study, comprehensive inclusion and exclusion criteria were created. A logistic regression analysis, dose-response curve, and subgroup analysis were computed to assess the relationship between the TyG index and gallstone prevalence and age at first surgery for gallstone. A total of 3905 participants aged > 20 years were included in our study, of whom 421 had a self-reported history of gallstones. A total of 1884 (48.2%) males and 2021 (51.8%) females were included. After confounders adjustment, it was found single-unit increases in the TyG index were linked with a 25.0% increase in gallstone prevalence (odds ratio [OR] = 1.25, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.04, 1.51). After conversion of the TyG index values from continuous to categorical variables with tertiles, a marked 48% increase in gallstone incidence was found in tertile 3 relative to tertile 1 (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.99). The dose-response curve results indicated positive associations between gallstone prevalence and the TyG index, while the latter was negatively associated with age at first gallstone surgery. Based on subgroup analysis, the positive association between TyG index and high-incidence of gallstones was more significant in females (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.77), age < 40 years (OR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.23, 3.29), and other race (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.02). A higher TyG index is associated with a higher incidence of gallstones and may lead to an earlier age of first gallstone surgery. However, a causal relationship between TyG and gallstones cannot be established.
BACKGROUND: Orosomucoid (ORM) has been reported as a biomarker of carotid atherosclerosis, but the role of ORM 2, a subtype of ORM, in carotid atherosclerotic plaque formation and the underlying mechanism have not been established.
METHODS: Plasma was collected from patients with carotid artery stenosis (CAS) and healthy participants and assessed using mass spectrometry coupled with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technology to identify differentially expressed proteins. The key proteins and related pathways were identified via western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and polymerase chain reaction of carotid artery plaque tissues and in vitro experiments involving vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).
RESULTS: We screened 33 differentially expressed proteins out of 535 proteins in the plasma. Seventeen proteins showed increased expressions in the CAS groups relative to the healthy groups, while 16 proteins showed decreased expressions during iTRAQ and bioinformatic analysis. The reactive oxygen species metabolic process was the most common enrichment pathway identified by Gene Ontology analysis, while ORM2, PRDX2, GPX3, HP, HBB, ANXA5, PFN1, CFL1, and S100A11 were key proteins identified by STRING and MCODE analysis. ORM2 showed increased expression in patients with CAS plaques, and ORM2 was accumulated in smooth muscle cells. Oleic acid increased the lipid accumulation and ORM2 and PRDX6 expressions in the VSMCs. The recombinant-ORM2 also increased the lipid accumulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the VSMCs. The expressions of ORM2 and PRDX-6 were correlated, and MJ33 (an inhibitor of PRDX6-PLA2) decreased ROS production and lipid accumulation in VSMCs.
CONCLUSION: ORM2 may be a biomarker for CAS; it induced lipid accumulation and ROS production in VSMCs during atherosclerosis plaque formation. However, the relationships between ORM2 and PRDX-6 underlying lipid accumulation-induced plaque vulnerability require further research.
Two series of urolithin derivatives, totally 38 compounds, were synthesized. Their anti-inflammatory activity was investigated by detecting the inhibitory effects on the expression of TNF-α in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), showing that 24 of 38 ones reduced the expression of TNF-α. Compound B2, the ring C opened derivative of urolithin B with a butoxycarbonyl substitution in ring A, showed the strongest inhibitory activity compared with that of indomethacin. Furthermore, B2 treatment decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS and COX-2. Mechanically, the anti-inflammatory effect of B2 was related to the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway. These results clearly illustrated that B2 hold potential for application as an anti-inflammatory agent. The present study provided a viable approach to modify the gut metabolites for anti-inflammatory drug development.
Gout is a chronic condition with intermittent symptoms and should be managed through an outcome-based disease management approach. Unlike other common chronic conditions, strategies for population management in gout patients have not been tested. The study will identify adult members of Kaiser Permanente (KP) Northern California with a diagnosis of gout and 3 or more outpatient or Emergency Department visits for gout over a 1-year period preceding study enrollment. These patients will be randomized to either an active management group, or to usual care. The participants will be enrolled and followed over a period of 26 weeks. The primary outcome to be measured will be the attainment and maintenance of a uric acid lowering regimen targeted to achieve serum uric acid level of 6.0 mg/dl or less. The treatment protocol will use standard treatment guidelines to lower and maintain uric acid levels to less than or equal to 6.0 mg/dl (or maximum doses of uric acid lowering medications) and provide patient education and dietary counseling. Monitoring and medication management will be carried out by a licensed clinical pharmacist under the supervision of an experienced rheumatologist. Control subjects will have regular monitoring of serum uric acid levels and will be provided with educational material and dietary counseling, but otherwise receive usual care. The demonstration that a chronic disease management approach to gout care can improve the health and reduce morbidity in patients with gout may illuminate a simple path towards improved quality of life and reduced morbidity in this growing population of patients.
PURPOSE:The titled stably usable agent, containing osthole as an active constituent, and having an antimicrobial activity against trichophytes. CONSTITUTION:An antitrichophytic agent containing osthole of the formula as an active constituent. In formulating the agent, the osthole is mixed with a liquid carrier, e.g. water, an alcohol or glycol ether, and used as a drug, e.g. tincture, or kneaded with a wax, e.g. polyethylene glycol 4000 or spermaceti wax, or another ointment base and used as an ointment for external application to an affected part. The content of the active constituent osthole is suitably 0.1-5wt% in general, and the osthole is the well-known compound and is obtained by extraction from Cnidium monnieri Cusson which is a Chinese herbal medicine used as an anti-inflammatory, astringent and invigorating drug with a non-aqueous solvent, e.g. methanol or ether.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic thromboembolic disease refers to the presence of chronic thrombotic pulmonary vascular thrombosis without pulmonary hypertension (PH) at rest but with exercise limitation after pulmonary embolism (PE). Our aim was to evaluate the hemodynamic response to exercise in these patients and its correlation with the values reached in cardiopulmonary exercise testing.
METHODS: We included symptomatic patients with persistent pulmonary thrombosis after PE. We excluded patients with left heart disease or significant PH (mean pulmonary arterial pressure [mPAP] >25mmHg, pulmonary vascular resistance >3 WU, and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure [PCWP] >15mmHg). Cardiopulmonary exercise testing and exercise right heart catheterization were performed. Exercise-induced precapillary PH was defined as mPAP/CO slope >3 and PCWP/CO slope <2mmHg/l/min. The hemodynamic response and the values obtained in cardiopulmonary exercise testing were compared between patients with and without exercise-induced precapillary PH.
RESULTS: We studied 36 patients; 4 were excluded due to incomplete hemodynamic data. Out of the 32 patients analyzed; 3 developed a pathological increase in PCWP. Among the remaining 29 patients (mean age, 49.4±13.7 years, 34.5% women), 13 showed exercise-induced PH. Resting mPAP was higher in those who developed exercise-induced PH (23.3±5.4 vs 19.0±3.8mmHg; P=.012), although CO was similar in the 2 groups. Patients with exercise-induced PH exhibited data of ventilatory inefficiency with reduced values of end-tidal CO2 pressure at the anaerobic threshold (32.8±3.0 vs 36.2±3.3mmHg; P=.021) and a higher Ve/VCO2 slope (34.2±4.8 vs 30.7±5.0; P=.049).
CONCLUSIONS: Exercise limitation and ventilatory inefficiency could be attributable to exercise-induced precapillary PH in a subgroup of patients with persistent pulmonary thrombosis and dyspnea.