anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: We queried ChatGPT (OpenAI) and Google Assistant about amblyopia and compared their answers with the keywords found on the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) website, specifically the section on amblyopia. Out of the 26 keywords chosen from the website, ChatGPT included 11 (42%) in its responses, while Google included 8 (31%).
OBJECTIVE: Our study investigated the adherence of ChatGPT-3.5 and Google Assistant to the guidelines of the AAPOS for patient education on amblyopia.
METHODS: ChatGPT-3.5 was used. The four questions taken from the AAPOS website, specifically its glossary section for amblyopia, are as follows: (1) What is amblyopia? (2) What causes amblyopia? (3) How is amblyopia treated? (4) What happens if amblyopia is untreated? Approved and selected by ophthalmologists (GW and DL), the keywords from AAPOS were words or phrases that deemed significant for the education of patients with amblyopia. The "Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level" formula, approved by the US Department of Education, was used to evaluate the reading comprehension level for the responses from ChatGPT, Google Assistant, and AAPOS.
RESULTS: In their responses, ChatGPT did not mention the term "ophthalmologist," whereas Google Assistant and AAPOS both mentioned the term once and twice, respectively. ChatGPT did, however, use the term "eye doctors" once. According to the Flesch-Kincaid test, the average reading level of AAPOS was 11.4 (SD 2.1; the lowest level) while that of Google was 13.1 (SD 4.8; the highest required reading level), also showing the greatest variation in grade level in its responses. ChatGPT's answers, on average, scored 12.4 (SD 1.1) grade level. They were all similar in terms of difficulty level in reading. For the keywords, out of the 4 responses, ChatGPT used 42% (11/26) of the keywords, whereas Google Assistant used 31% (8/26).
CONCLUSIONS: ChatGPT trains on texts and phrases and generates new sentences, while Google Assistant automatically copies website links. As ophthalmologists, we should consider including "see an ophthalmologist" on our websites and journals. While ChatGPT is here to stay, we, as physicians, need to monitor its answers.
Participants in this group will receive access to the POWER2DM system as an adjunct to usual care. The participants have three intervention visits in which they will use the Shared Decision Making Dashboard to set self-management goals and will use the Self-Management Support system for trying to reach those goals in the periods after the intervention visits.
The invention discloses an amorphous matter for pioglitazone hydrochloride and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the amorphous matter is characterized by comprising the following steps: melting and quenching; precipitating a solvent; and freeze-drying or spray-drying. The observation by an environment scanning electron microscope finds that the sizes of particles of the amorphous matter are less than 200mu m, and the particles of the amorphous matter are elliptical. The analysis by the differential scanning calorimetry and the powder x-ray diffraction technology confirms that the medicine exists in an amorphous form. The amorphous matter is capable of significantly improving the dissolution and solubility of indissolvable pioglitazone hydrochloride, is easy to pulverize, is convenient to preserve and can be prepared into a medicinal preparation easily. The invention further discloses a formula for a medicinal composition containing the amorphous matter.
No pituitary down-regulation will be performed. Treatment with r-hFSH (Gonal-F®, Serono Austria GmbH, Vienna, Austria) will be started in women with serum E2 concentrations \<200 pmol/l and no follicles \>15 mm in diameter or ovarian cysts on ultrasonographic examination. The r-hFSH dose will be 150 IU s.c. daily for 11 consecutive days.
Objectives: To evaluate the comparability of frailty assessment tools - the electronic frailty index (eFI), retrospective electronic frailty index (reFI), and clinical frailty scale (CFS) - in older residents of care facilities. Methods: Data from 813 individuals aged 65 or older, with frailty and co-morbidities, collected between 2022 and 2023, were analysed using various statistical methods. Results: The results showed significant differences in frailty classification among the tools: 78.3% were identified as moderately to severely frail by eFI, 59.6% by reFI, and 92.1% by CFS. Statistical tests confirmed significant differences (p < .05) in their assessments, indicating variability in measurement methods. Discussion: This study advances the understanding of frailty assessment within aged-care settings, highlighting the differences in the efficacy of these assessment tools. It underscores the challenges in frailty assessments and emphasizes the need for continuous refinement of assessment methods to address the diverse facets of frailty in aged care.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound shown by formula I (X and Y are H or methyl, when X is H, Y is methyl and when Y is H, X is methyl). EXAMPLE:Di(trans 1-propenyl)disulfide. USE:A spice, an antibacterial agent, an agricultural chemical and a drug. PREPARATION:A 1-propenethiol derivative shown by formula II (A is thiol- protecting group eliminable by a halogenating agent) is reacted with the halogenating agent (e.g. Cl, Br, I or N-chlorosuccinimide) to give a compound shown by formula I. A trans form shown by formula III and a cis form shown by formula IV are used as the compound shown by formula II. The compound shown by formula II is stereochemically pure and provides the stereochemically pure compound shown by formula I without changing the steric configuration of the compound shown by formula II.
BACKGROUND: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a frequent adverse effect following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Palonosetron with a standard dosing (75 μg) schedule has been questioned due to its low efficiency in obese patients. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of the body weight-based dosing of palonosetron in managing PONV following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.
METHODS: A single-center, prospective, double-blinded randomized study was conducted between August 2021 and December 2021. Patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy were prospectively recruited in the study. One hundred patients were randomly divided into palonosetron (Group P) and ondansetron (Group O). The demographic and clinical variables were recorded. The primary outcome of the study was the incidence of PONV between the two groups during the hospitalization. The secondary outcomes were the number of rescue anti-emetic and analgesic medications and the Functional Living Index-Emesis scores.
RESULTS: There were 50 patients in each group (Group P and Group O). There were significant differences in the scores of POVN, nausea, and vomiting favoring Group P. In Group P, the rate of patients using rescue anti-emetics was significantly lower. The incidence of complete response and proportion of patients with higher Functional Living Index-Emesis scores were significantly higher in patients using palonosetron.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of palonosetron significantly reduced the incidence of PONV following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. There was a significant improvement in the scores of Functional Living Index-Emesis in patients using palonosetron.
Participants will receive CQ supply for 3 months. Patients will receive a supply of 36 -- 250 mg tabs or placebo that will last 3 months (enough for taking two tabs of 250mg for every day for one week and then two tabs of 250mg for 1 day a week thereafter for study duration of 3 months). Subjects with severe GI intolerance can take 1 tablet of 250mg daily for the first week and 1 tablet per week for the remainder of the 3 month study duration. Patients will attend 1 in person visits (month 0) and an additional visit during month 3 if possible with the physician where they will be evaluated for safety assessments including vital signs, physical exams, blood collection, and assessment of endpoints. During month 1, 2, and 3 participants will be followed up regarding concomitant medications and adverse events over the phone call.
Osteoarthritis is the most common musculoskeletal disease in the world. While predisposing conditions have been identified, the actual cause of osteoarthritis remains unknown. Traditional treatments, most often anti-inflammatory drugs and pain relievers, produce variable results and may cause significant toxicity. The use of complementary and alternative therapies in the treatment of osteoarthritis has become more common, and particular interest has focused on glucosamine and chondroitin treatments. This study will examine the pharmacokinetics of glucosamine and chondroitin.

This study consists of two phases. In Phase I, participants will have two study visits, during which multiple blood samples will be taken to determine levels of glucosamine and chondroitin found naturally in the body. During Phase II, participants will be randomly assigned to receive glucosamine, chondroitin, or a combination of the two for 3 months. Blood samples will be taken at each of the three Phase II study visits to examine the pharmacokinetics of glucosamaine and chondroitin.
Participants with type 1 diabetes will use a meal tagging application (app) and fitness tracker. They will upload these data to a web portal where they will be matched with data from their continuous glucose monitor and insulin pump. Combined data will be used for diabetes management.
Neurostar repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulator. 20 treatments identical in duration will be administered over a four week period.
To elucidate long-term outcome in primary conjunctival lymphoma, a review was conducted of 31 consecutive patients: 21 men and 10 women with an age range of 28 to 85 (median, 61) years at presentation and follow-up periods ranging from 1 to 19 (median, 7) years. Conjunctival lymphoma was on the right side in 10 patients, on the left side in 12, and on both sides in 9. Upper, lower, or both fornix lesions in 28 patients were all diagnosed as extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma), while thick nasal bulbar conjunctival lesions in 3 patients were differently diagnosed as MALT lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and follicular lymphoma, respectively. Seven patients underwent local radiation (30 Gy): as initial treatment in 5 patients and treatment for relapse in 2 patients. The remaining 24 patients were observed without additional treatment after excisional biopsy: 5 of these 24 patients showed relapse 0.5 to 6 years later and underwent excisional biopsy again that revealed MALT lymphoma. Of the 5 patients with relapse, only one with second-time relapse underwent radiation. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography was performed in 18 patients and showed no systemic lesions: high uptake was noted in the residual conjunctival lesions of 4 patients and in the relapsed conjunctival lesions of 3 patients. One patient died of rectal cancer while no patients died of lymphoma. Observation is an option in patients with primary conjunctival lymphoma after excisional biopsy. Radiation is a treatment option in the case of relapse.
The invention relates to an anticancer drug response prediction method based on multitask learning, and belongs to the technical field of system biology. The invention firstly puts the drug molecular fingerprint, the cell line gene expression and the known drug reaction data into an interactive graph convolution model, and obtains cell line characteristic representation and drug characteristic representation through the sink node characteristic information, and the part of the main task and the auxiliary task share weight parameters. And then the main task is subjected to binary classification, and the auxiliary task A and the auxiliary task B respectively pass through an independent linear transformation layer and then are subjected to an IC50 regression prediction task and a similarity network reconstruction task. Finally, the loss of the three tasks is balanced through weighted summation for training. And predicting new cancer cell lines and drug responses by using the trained model, and finally outputting the prediction scores of the cancer cell lines and drug sensitivity. The invention combines the IC50 regression prediction task and the similarity reconstruction task through multi-task learning to improve the effect of machine learning on drug sensitivity prediction.
Schema therapy will be given in 30 sessions of 45-60 minutes over the course of 10-12 months. Concurrent treatment as part of the regular psychiatric treatment at the site may include psychotropic medication and 1-2 sessions with next-to-kin.
PURPOSE:To obtain an agent for the treatment of athlete's foot and dermatic diseases, by adding acidic vinegar to powdery zeolite ore and hydrating the mixture in the form of pasty mixture. CONSTITUTION:Fine powder of zeolite ore is mixed with sterilizing acidic vinegar and water and stirred in the form of paste to obtain the objective remedy. Zeolite powder has excellent deodorizing activity and adsorption property to ammonia nitrogen. The liquid of the paste softens the skin and exhibits sterilizing effect. The zeolite powder impregnates through the skin, highly absorbs pathogenic fungi and blister and blain of athlete's foot and discharges the fungi, etc., from the skin in addition to the complete removal of foot smell. The objective pasty material is applied to the diseased part of athlete's foot, wrapped with a bandage, left for several minutes and washed off with water. As an alternative method, it is applied to the diseased part, left for several minutes to dry the paste, scraped and wiped off.
The invention relates to a lotus acne-eliminating essence lotion, which is characterized by being composed of reasonably-compounded extracts of traditional Chinese herbals. The effective component of the lotion is composed of lotus placentin, peach, honeysuckle flower, aloe, rose flower, Chinese violet, paris polyphylla, and dandelion, and is prepared through a special technology. The raw materials of the lotion are all extracts of natural plants. The pharmaceutical effect is stable and lasting. The lotion is non-irritant to skin, is safe and mild, can promote the internal circulation, nourish and moisten the skin, effectively eliminate the acne scars on the face, and radically remove the facial hyperpigmentation, and has the long-lasting whitening, acne-eliminating, and skin-nourishing functions, which have been proved by experiments. The provided lotus acne-eliminating essence lotion has the advantages of easily-available raw material, convenient preparation technology, low cost, user-friendliness, and prominent curative effect, and is suitable for skin diseases caused by facial parasteatosis such as acne, acne rosacea, special acne, lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei (LMDF), and the like.
A weight management intervention, namely Lose Little, Live Longer (L4), is recently developed to assist overweight cancer survivors in weight loss through lifestyle modification including improved dietary quality and enhanced physical activity levels. Its underlying theoretical framework is principally derived from Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), which have been widely used in health behavioural change interventions.
Regional scalp block (RSB) is an established technique that involves infiltration of local anesthetic (LA) at well-defined anatomical sites targeting the major sensory innervation of the scalp. Regional techniques minimize anesthetic requirements and their effects may be beneficial. There is a lack of consensus and evidence concerning alternative analgesia strategies for cranial neurosurgery.

Patients undergoing elective craniotomy for tumor dissection will be randomly divided into four groups to receive scalp block as an adjuvant to general anesthesia. After a standard induction sequence using propofol, fentanyl and a single dose of rocuronium, patients will be intubated. Bilateral scalp block will be given immediately after induction, except patients in control group who will not have a scalp block. Drugs for scalp block will be 20ml ropivacaine 0.5%, 20ml xylocaine 1% and dexmedetomidine 1mcg/kg.Anaesthesia will be maintained with propofol and remifentanyl infusion. Intraoperatively, propofol infusion at 75 to 100 μg/kg/h up to dura closure and reduced to 50-75 μg/kg/h up to skin closure. Five minutes before head pinning scalp block was performed by blocking the supraorbital, supratrochlear, auriculotemporal, occipital, and postauricular branches of the greater auricular nerves.Routine monitoring of electrocardiogram, heart rate (HR), and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) will record at two-minute intervals from the beginning of anesthesia until 10 minutes after incision, followed by 5-minute intervals throughout the remaining course of the surgery. Monitoring of the depth of anesthesia will also performed using the Bispectral Index. Sample size was calculated based on Type I error of α = 5% and power = 80% and minimum difference d = 30%, which is clinically significant in the pilot study. All quantitative variables will be reported as mean and standard deviation, and qualitative variables will be listed as number (percentage). Mann-Whitney test and Chi-square test will be used for comparison of endpoints. Linear mixed model will be used to evaluate the differences of hemodynamics variables. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, version 19.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA) will be used for all calculations. p values less than .05 will be considered significant.
Dry needling in regions of the head and cervical spine will be positioned supine, sidelying or prone with the relevant myofascial trigger points treated using a Seirin L- type 30 mm needle (Seirin American, Inc., Weymouth, MA). The needle will be inserted to a depth no greater than three-quarters length of the needle for 30 seconds using a vertical pistoning technique and then statically up to 5 minutes.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a process for purifying immunoglobulin G from a crude immunoglobulin-containing plasma protein fraction.  <P>SOLUTION: In the process, anion exchange chromatography and cation exchange chromatography are preferably connected in series and an acetate buffer solution having a pH of about 5.0-6.0 and a molarity of about 5-25 mM is used throughout the purification process. The immunoglobulin product obtained by the process has a purity of higher than 98% and a content of IgG monomers and dimers of more than 98.5% and a content of IgA of less than 4 mg/l, and contains less than 0.5% of polymers and aggregates. The product does not contains a detergent, PEG or albumin as a stabilizer. The product is stable, virus-safe, liquid and ready for instant intravenous administration.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
RHOH, an atypical small GTPase predominantly expressed in hematopoietic cells, plays a vital role in immune function. A deficiency in RHOH has been linked to epidermodysplasia verruciformis, lung disease, Burkitt lymphoma and T cell defects. Here, we report a novel germline homozygous RHOH c.245G > A (p.Cys82Tyr) variant in a 21-year-old male suffering from recurrent, invasive, opportunistic infections affecting the lungs, eyes, and brain. His sister also succumbed to a lung infection during early adulthood. The patient exhibited a persistent decrease in CD4+ T, B, and NK cell counts, and hypoimmunoglobulinemia. The patient's T cell showed impaired activation upon in vitro TCR stimulation. In Jurkat T cells transduced with RHOHC82Y, a similar reduction in activation marker CD69 up-regulation was observed. Furthermore, the C82Y variant showed reduced RHOH protein expression and impaired interaction with the TCR signaling molecule ZAP70. Together, these data suggest that the newly identified autosomal-recessive RHOH variant is associated with T cell dysfunction and recurrent opportunistic infections, functioning as a hypomorph by disrupting ZAP70-mediated TCR signaling.
Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (alteplase) is currently the recommended treatment of AIS in patients within 0 to 4.5 hours from symptom onset. The cost of a single treatment with this drug is around 5000 RMB (about 700 USD). In contrast, the cost of a single dose of urokinase is around 300 RMB (about 40 USD), making it much more affordable. Currently, existing evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of urokinase is mixed. Some studies propose that urokinase thrombolysis, compared with alteplase thrombolysis, improves perfusion without increasing the incidence of adverse reactions and mortality. In some cases, using urokinase for thrombolysis even lowers the risk of systemic bleeding, comparing to alteplase. Other studies suggest that the effectiveness and safety of urokinase intreating AIS patients is infeiror comparing to alteplase . In this study, we plan to conduct a nationwide multicenter real-world study on urokinase intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase as an active control. We will observe and analyze AIS patients treated with urokinase and alteplase and compare the effectiveness, safety and economic effects. We will explore different urokinase dosage efficacy indicators and analyze relevant risk factors. This will provide data for future systematic evaluations of the clinical effects of urokinase thrombolysis which may help lower the medical costs in treating AIS while ensuring the effectiveness.
The bed head height of the patients in this group will be adjusted to 45 degrees. This group was determined as the control group since the patients were given a 45-degree head height as a standard in the hospital where the study would be conducted.
NEW MATERIAL:A platinum complex expressed by the formula (A and B represent NH3, primary or secondary alkylamine or aromatic amine, or A and B link with each other to form diamine; R<1> represents H, lower alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heterocyclic group, acylamino, alkoxycarboxyl, alkoxy, alkylthio or halogen atom.; R<2> represents H, lower alkyl, aryl or aralkyl; n is 0-2). EXAMPLE:Cis-diamine platinum (II) azetidin-2-one-4,4-dicarboxylate. USE:The complex possesses high antitumor action with low side effect such as nephrotoxicity. PREPARATION:A dicarboxylic acid salt in an equivalent amount or little excess is added to an aqueous solution or suspension of a platinum complex and stirred at 0-50 deg.C for 20min - 5 days. Then precipitated crystals are filtered and purified.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an extremely aggressive tumor associated with a poor prognosis that impacts the central nervous system. Increasing evidence suggests an inherent association between glucose metabolism dysregulation and the aggression of GBM. Polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4), a highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinase, was found to relate to glioma progression and unfavorable prognosis. As revealed by the integration of proteomics and phosphoproteomics, PLK4 was found to be involved in governing metabolic processes and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. For the first time, this study supports evidence demonstrating that PLK4 activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling through direct binding to AKT1 and subsequent phosphorylating AKT1 at S124, T308, and S473 to promote tumorigenesis and glucose metabolism in glioma. In addition, PLK4-mediated phosphorylation of AKT1 S124 significantly augmented the phosphorylation of AKT1 S473. Therefore, PLK4 exerted an influence on glucose metabolism by stimulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Additionally, the expression of PLK4 protein exhibited a positive correlation with AKT1 phosphorylation in glioma patient tissues. These findings highlight the pivotal role of PLK4-mediated phosphorylation of AKT1 in glioma tumorigenesis and dysregulation of glucose metabolism.