anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic transplantation is the only definitive surgical treatment for diabetes mellitus. Currently, most transplant centers use enteric exocrine drainage of pancreatic secretions; however, experts disagree on which part of the gastrointestinal tract is preferable for enteric anastomosis. We analyzed the outcomes of retroperitoneal pancreatic transplantation with enteric drainage of pancreatic secretions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the outcomes of 60 simultaneous retroperitoneal pancreas-kidney transplantations. Based on the type of enteric anastomosis, the patients were divided into two groups: the study group consisted of 10 patients who underwent enteric drainage via Roux-en-Y duodenojejunostomy, and the control group included 50 patients who underwent exocrine drainage via duodenoduodenal anastomosis. No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of the main parameters.
RESULTS: The rate of surgical complications did not differ significantly between the groups (p > 0.05). Clavien IVb complications occurred only in the control group (n = 4.8%). The in-hospital pancreatic graft survival rate in both groups was 80%, whereas the recipient survival rates were 90% and 84%, in the study and control groups, respectively (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Retroperitoneal pancreatic transplantation with exocrine drainage via a Roux-en-Y duodenojejunostomy is an effective alternative technique that reduces the rate of severe surgical complications.
A single dose of 8 mg of tizanidine reduces muscle tone in patients with spasticity for a period of several hours. The effect peaks at approximately 1 to 2 hours and dissipates between 3 to 6 hours. Effects are dose-related.

Although single doses of less than 8 mg have not been demonstrated to be effective in controlled clinical studies, the dose-related nature of tizanidine's common adverse events make it prudent to begin treatment with single oral doses of 4 mg. Increase the dose gradually (2 to 4 mg steps) to optimum effect (satisfactory reduction of muscle tone at a tolerated dose).

The dose can be repeated at 6 to 8 hour intervals, as needed, to a maximum of three doses in 24 hours. The total daily dose should not exceed 36 mg.

Experience with single doses exceeding 8 mg and daily doses exceeding 24 mg is limited. There is essentially no experience with repeated, single, daytime doses greater than 12 mg or total daily doses greater than 36 mg (see WARNINGS).
All communities (independent units/clusters) start in the control and have no intervention. All control communities cross-over to the intervention in a randomized sequence over the course of 12-15 month study.
Carotid artery occlusion is one of the primary causes of ischemic stroke. When the occlusion time exceeds 30 days, it is commonlly referred to as chronic carotid artery occlusion (CCAO), and patients with carotid artery occlusion over 24 hours are collectively referred as non-acute occlusion. Symptomatic non-acute occlusion patients with definite hemodynamic hypoperfusion still face a high risk of stroke recurrence under drug treatment, with recurrence rates reported to be between 12.3% and 22.7% within 2 years. Currently, the surgical methods for the treatment of carotid artery occlusion are mainly divided into extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass and recanalization treatment. Recanalization treatment includes CEA, endovascular intervention and hybrid surgery. While the Carotid Occlusion Surgery Study (COSS) and the recently published Carotid or Middle cerebral artery Occlusion Surgery Study (CMOSS) failed to reveal the significant advantages of EC-IC bypass surgery over medical treatment for patients with symptomatic artery occlusion combined with hemodynamic insufficiency, recanalization treatment has been shown to be a promising treatment modality by case-control studies with small sample size. However, the short-term and long-term efficacy of recanalization therapy needs to be further confirmed by large-sample prospective studies. The comparison of success rate, complication rate and efficacy among the three recanalization modalities also needs to be further explored. In addition, about half of non-acute occlusion patients have cognitive impairment, and the role of cerebral hemodynamics in cognitive impairment is still unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this cohort study is to observe the success rate, efficacy and safety of recanalization treatment for non-acute occlusion, and to further compare the advantages and disadvantages of CEA, endovascular intervention and hybrid surgery.
This invention relates to compositions comprising an adenosine derivative and a deaminase inhibitor for the prevention and treatment of fungal and fungal-like infections and parasitic infections by eukaryotic organisms. Parasitic infections which are treatable and preventable with these compositions include malaria, trypanosmiasis,leishmania,toxoplasmosis,sarcocystis,pneumocystis,schistosomiasis,  blood flukes and elephantitis. Other infections which are treatable and preventable with these compositions are responsible for fungal diseases such as candidiasis, cryptococcosis, blastomycosis, aspergillosis, paracoccidiodomycosis and coccidioidomycosis, and the fungal-like diseases nocardiosis and actinomycosis. The invention also relates to methods for utilizing these compositions in treatment regiments. Treatments may be either in vivo or in vitro. In vivo treatments involve administration of compositions  of the invention to mammals suspected or at risk of being infected with a parasitic or fungal organism. In vitro treatments involve incubation  of cells, tissues, biological products derived from living materials or foods with compositions of the invention to inhibit or prevent further infection. The invention also relates to the treatment or prevention of neoplastic disorders.
According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 98 chronic stroke patients will be included in the study. Written and verbal "Informed Consent Form" will be obtained from all participants who meet the inclusion criteria for the study. After the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the participants are recorded, the cognitive status of the patients will be evaluated with a mini mental test. The Trunk Disability Scale (TRS) will be used to measure trunk control, which is our independent variable. GBS will be administered by another physiotherapist who is blinded to the study. Participants will be divided into two groups, high and low trunk control, according to the score they receive from the GBÖ. Scores close to 23 points on the GBS will constitute the group with high trunk control, and those with scores close to 0 will constitute the group with low trunk control. The spasticity of the participants will be evaluated with the Modified Tardiue Scale (MTS), the spasticity of the muscles, and the proprioceptive awareness of the cervical region with the cervical joint error test. Lower extremity proprioceptive awareness will be evaluated with proprioception testing on the Technobody Prokin 252 Isokinetic Balance Platform, and balance skills will be evaluated with dynamic and static balance tests on the Tecnobody Prokin 252 Isonkinetic Balance Platform. The patients' quality of life will be evaluated with a stroke-specific quality of life scale. In order to prevent bias, scores obtained from the GBÖ will not be shared with the physiotherapist performing other tests. All data obtained will be noted on the prepared evaluation form. After all data is collected, intra-group and inter-group comparisons will be made.
People with schizophrenia, a disabling mental disorder, smoke at rates three times higher than those of the general population. They also tend to develop serious medical problems due to this heavy smoking. Little is known, however, about the relationship between schizophrenia and smoking. Smoking topography, the study of cigarette-puffing behavior, may help to uncover important information about the smoking habits of people with schizophrenia, and how they differ from smokers who do not have a mental illness. To develop more effective treatment approaches for schizophrenic smokers, a better understanding of nicotine addiction in this population is needed. This study will use hand-held smoking topography devices and blood tests to measure smoking behavior and nicotine levels in people with schizophrenia. This information will be compared to similar measurements in people with no mental illness and in people with bipolar disorder, another disorder associated with high rates of heavy smoking.

Participation in this open-label, observational study will last approximately 1 to 2 weeks, and will consist of two to three study visits. The first visit will last about 2 hours, and will include screening procedures, completion of baseline questionnaires, and a practice session of smoking topography. Subjects will return on a second day (Day 2) for the remainder of the study procedures to assess their smoking puffing behavior and nicotine intake from usual cigarette smoking, which will occur within 1 week of the Day 1 assessments. On the afternoon prior to Day 2 subjects will have a brief appointment to review instructions for using the topography device. They will take the topography with them and be instructed to use it as they smoke ad-lib that evening at home. This will serve as a second practice session for getting used to the topography device. They will also be instructed to use the device for all cigarettes smoked upon awakening the next day at 6am (Day 2), including the first cigarette of the day. They will go to the study site for the first of three blood tests at 9:30 A.M, after which they will be allowed to leave the study site to continue with their daily activities. They will use the smoking topography device throughout the day, until 3 P.M. At this time, study staff will go to each participant's location to collect the device. Participants will have two additional blood tests over the course of the study to measure nicotine levels.
Study A4001026 is an ongoing, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study in subjects infected with CCR5-tropic HIV-1 classified by the original Trofile® tropism assay. Subjects were required to have plasma HIV-1 RNA ≥2000 copies/mL and could not have: 1) previously received any antiretroviral therapy for >14 days, 2) an active or recent opportunistic infection or a suspected primary HIV-1 infection, or 3) phenotypic or genotypic resistance to zidovudine, lamivudine, or efavirenz. Subjects were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to maraviroc 300 mg once daily, maraviroc 300 mg twice daily, or efavirenz 600 mg once daily, each in combination with zidovudine/lamivudine. The efficacy and safety of SELZENTRY are based on the comparison of SELZENTRY twice daily versus efavirenz. In a pre-planned interim analysis at 16 weeks, the maraviroc 300mg once per day treatment arm failed to meet the pre-specified criteria for demonstrating non-inferiority and was discontinued. 

The demographic and baseline characteristics of the maraviroc and efavirenz treatment groups were comparable (Table 14). Subjects were stratified by screening HIV-1 RNA levels and by geographic region. The median CD4 cell counts and mean HIV-1 RNA at baseline were similar for both treatment groups.

The treatment outcomes at 96 weeks for study A4001026 are shown in Table 15. Treatment outcomes are based on reanalysis of the screening samples using a more sensitive tropism assay, Enhanced sensitivity Trofile® HIV tropism assay, which became available after the week 48 analysis, approximately 15% of the subjects identified as CCR5-tropic in the original analysis had Dual/Mixed- or CXCR4-tropic virus. Screening with enhanced sensitivity version of the Trofile® tropism assay reduced the number of maraviroc virologic failures with CXCR4- or Dual/Mixed-tropic virus at failure to 12 compared to 24 when screening with the original Trofile® HIV tropism assay.

The median increase from baseline in CD4+ cell counts at week 96 was 184 cells/mm3 for the SELZENTRY arm compared to 155 cells/mm3 for the efavirenz arm.
After providing consent healthy subjects (N=20) completed a health and drug inventory questionnaire and had blood samples drawn to measure baseline electrolytes, kidney function, liver function, and creatine kinase to determine study eligibility. Blood samples were also collected to analyze baseline inflammatory markers (tlr-4 monocyte expression and cytokine production). Patients received 20 mg daily of rosuvastatin for 3 weeks followed by blood collection, and the measurement of inflammatory markers repeated. Whole blood samples were analyzed by flow-cytometry to determine percent expression of tlr-4 on monocytes which was the primary inflammatory marker for the study. Secondary inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured after blood was incubated ex-vivo with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 3 hours. LPS induction experiments were performed on blood from pre and post rosuvastatin treatment. Finally, blood lipid profiles (cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and high density lipo protein (HDL), were assessed both pre and post rosuvastatin treatment. End of study (after 3 weeks of rosuvastatin treatment) electrolytes, kidney function, liver function, and creatine kinase (CK) were measured to determine any changes as a result of rosuvastatin treatment. In addition to pre and post safety assessment a phone call was made to evaluate rosuvastatin side effects at the midpoint of the three-week treatment period.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper was to perform an exploratory reader study to assess the utility of a web-based application in assisting non-chest radiologist in correctly diagnosing the radiographic pattern of pulmonary fibrosis.
METHODS: Three non-chest radiologists with 5 to 20 years of experience individually reviewed 3 rounds of randomly chosen chest CT scans (round 1: 100 scans, round 2: 50 scans, round 3: 25 scans) from a list of patients with established diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis. In round 1, radiologists were asked to directly record their diagnosis for the pattern of fibrosis. In round 2 and 3 they were asked to review for features provided in a web-based application and provide diagnosis based on the most likely predicted diagnosis from the application. There was an approximate 1-month interval and relevant tutorials were provided between each round. Diagnosis accuracy is reported by readers at each round.
RESULTS: The overall accuracy increased from 63 % (n = 188/299) in round 1 to 74 % in round 3 (n = 52/70) (p = 0.0265). Difficulty in recognition of mosaic attenuation and homogeneous has led to misdiagnosis. Refining the definition for feature homogeneous increased the diagnosis accuracy of NSIP from 42 % (n = 20/48) in round 2 to 65 % (n = 24/37) in round 3(p = 0.0179). The Fleiss Kappa across readers varied from Round 1 to Round 3 with values 0.36 to 0.42.
CONCLUSIONS: Using the web-based application with refined definition for feature homogeneous helps to improve the non-subspecialty radiologist's accuracy in diagnosing different types of fibrosis.
An intracranial aneurysm is a localised dilatation in the wall of an intracranial artery, creating a zone of fragility where the main risk is rupture (meningeal haemorrhage). Intracranial aneurysms are the 1st vascular pathology treated in the NRI department at the Rothschild Foundation (FOR). Since 2002, between 150 and 250 patients have been treated each year using the embolisation technique (filling the aneurysm sac with coils). Over the last thirteen years, this represents the largest cohort in France, with more than 2,000 patients selectively treated for one or more intracranial aneurysms, i.e. more than 2,500 aneurysms. Treatment consists of excluding the aneurysmal cavity from the bloodstream, usually by "plugging" it with platinum metal coils.

After treatment by embolisation of the aneurysm, recanalisation (recirculation of blood in the aneurysm, exposing the patient to a new risk of haemorrhage due to aneurysmal rupture) of the cavity may occur after a few months or years (approximately in 7% of cases). In addition, new aneurysms may develop during the patient's lifetime, often several years later.

Another type of aneurysm treatment is also possible: surgical treatment, which consists of clipping the neck of the aneurysm. Whichever type of treatment is used, patients are monitored according to a protocol for the first year following treatment, with visits at 6 months and 1 year: an MRI is performed 6 months after embolisation. An arteriogram was performed at one year, and a consultation was held for clinical evaluation. A retrospective assessment of follow-up data (study of 2009-2013 files) showed that the date of this consultation varied considerably and that the schedule of follow-up visits over the first 10 years was not standardised, which means that reliable follow-up data are not available for these patients. The occurrence of recanalisation led us to propose standardised longer-term follow-up, with imaging (MRI and/or arteriography) 3 years after the operation. In our clinical experience, this follow-up schedule (at 3-6 months, 1 year and then 3 years) makes it possible to detect recanalisation requiring re-treatment. The aim of this research is to obtain standardised, longer-term follow-up data for a large series of patients who have undergone embolisation or surgical treatment of an intracranial aneurysm.
Invasion and metastasis are the leading causes of death in individuals with malignant tumors, including gastric cancer. In this study, we aim to explore the effect and related mechanisms of methionine restriction (MR) on gastric carcinoma metastasis. In the MR cell model, gastric carcinoma cells are cultured in the MR medium, and in the animal model, BALB/c nude rodents are administered with a methionine-free diet after receiving injections of MKN45 cells into the caudal vein. Transwell assay is used to detect cell invasion and migration. Chromatin immunoprecipitation is performed to investigate the levels of H3K9me2, H3K27Ac, and H3K27me3 in the E-cadherin promoter. The results show that MR inhibits gastric carcinoma cell migration, invasion, and lung metastasis. MR increases E-cadherin while reducing the H3K27me3 level in the E-cadherin promoter. E-cadherin expression in gastric carcinoma cells is adversely regulated by HDAC2. Overexpressing HDAC2 reduces the H3K27Ac level in the E-cadherin promoter, while interfering with HDAC2 increases the H3K27Ac level. HDAC2 interference under MR conditions further upregulates E-cadherin expression and inhibits gastric carcinoma cell migration, invasion, and lung metastasis. MR combined with HDAC2 interference promotes E-cadherin expression by mediating the methylation and acetylation of E-cadherin, thus inhibiting the invasion, migration, and lung metastasis of gastric carcinoma cells. Our study provides a new theoretical basis for the inhibitory effect of MR on gastric cancer.
Targeted degradation regulates the activity of the transcriptional repressor Bcl6 and its ability to suppress oxidative stress and inflammation. Here, we report that abundance of endothelial Bcl6 is determined by its interaction with Golgi-localized pannexin 3 (Panx3) and that Bcl6 transcriptional activity protects against vascular oxidative stress. Consistent with data from obese, hypertensive humans, mice with an endothelial cell-specific deficiency in Panx3 had spontaneous systemic hypertension without obvious changes in channel function, as assessed by Ca2+ handling, ATP amounts, or Golgi luminal pH. Panx3 bound to Bcl6, and its absence reduced Bcl6 protein abundance, suggesting that the interaction with Panx3 stabilized Bcl6 by preventing its degradation. Panx3 deficiency was associated with increased expression of the gene encoding the H2O2-producing enzyme Nox4, which is normally repressed by Bcl6, resulting in H2O2-induced oxidative damage in the vasculature. Catalase rescued impaired vasodilation in mice lacking endothelial Panx3. Administration of a newly developed peptide to inhibit the Panx3-Bcl6 interaction recapitulated the increase in Nox4 expression and in blood pressure seen in mice with endothelial Panx3 deficiency. Panx3-Bcl6-Nox4 dysregulation occurred in obesity-related hypertension, but not when hypertension was induced in the absence of obesity. Our findings provide insight into a channel-independent role of Panx3 wherein its interaction with Bcl6 determines vascular oxidative state, particularly under the adverse conditions of obesity.
Previously iron-deficient children aged 6-24 months on iron therapy. Ferrous sulfate administered at 4 mg Fe/kg/d per standard of care.
BACKGROUND: Adenomatous polyps (APs) with inflammation are risk factors for colorectal cancer. However, the role of inflammation-related gut microbiota in promoting the progression of APs is unknown.
METHODS: Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was conducted to identify characteristic bacteria in AP tissues and normal mucosa. Then, the roles of inflammation-related bacteria were clarified by Spearman correlation analysis. Furthermore, colorectal HT-29 cells, normal colon NCM460 cells, and azoxymethane-treated mice were used to investigate the effects of the characteristic bacteria on progression of APs.
RESULTS: The expression levels of inflammation-related markers (diamine oxidase, D-lactate, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β) were increased, whereas the expression levels of anti-inflammatory factors (interleukin-4 and interleukin-10) were significantly decreased in AP patients as compared to healthy controls. Solobacterium moorei (S. moorei) was enriched in AP tissues and fecal samples, and significantly positively correlated with serum inflammation-related markers. In vitro, S. moorei preferentially attached to HT-29 cells and stimulated cell proliferation and production of pro-inflammatory factors. In vivo, the incidence of intestinal dysplasia was significantly increased in the S. moorei group. Gavage of mice with S. moorei upregulated production of pro-inflammatory factors, suppressed proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+cells, and disrupted the integrity of the intestinal barrier, thereby accelerating progression of APs.
CONCLUSIONS: S. moorei accelerated the progression of AP in mice via activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, chronic low-grade inflammation, and intestinal barrier disruption. Targeted reduction of S. moorei presents a potential strategy to prevent the progression of APs.
At week 12 (end of the initial run-in period - Step 1) participants were found to have detectable HCV RNA (HCV RNA \>=600 IU/mL) and had less than a 2 log10 decrease in HCV RNA from baseline. For Step 2, participants were randomized to receive the pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) 180 mcg weekly for 72 weeks.
This group will receive questionnaires at the beginning and end of the trial. In addition, they will undergo six mindfulness sessions in virtual reality for about six weeks. One session per week of approximately 5-10 minutes.
PURPOSE:To provide a gel-like soap which makes washing easy without the necessity of separately using water during and after washing, and which comprises a carboxylvinyl polymer, a nonionic surfactant having a particular HLB value, and a particular amt. of water or water-contg. ethanol. CONSTITUTION:A gel-like soap for washing the body such as hand or face comprises a carboxylvinyl polymer, a nonionic surfactant having an HLB value of 6-14, and water or water-contg. ethanol in an amt. of 96wt.% based on the wt. of the soap. In the conventional soap, it is necessary to separately use water or hot water, which makes it impossible to wash in a place where there is neither water nor hot water or it is difficult to use the water or hot water. By contrast, the title soap needs no water for rinsing during or after washing, so that it can be used in a place where there is neither water nor hot water and is convenient for storage of carrying because it can be accommodated into a tube by virtue of the gel-like form.