anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Placebo analgesia is observed in both humans and animals. Given the complexity of placebo analgesia involving a variety of neurobiological, psychological, and psychosocial processes, further investigation into its underlying mechanisms is essential. Gut microbiota has been implicated in the responsivity of placebo analgesia, but its precise role remains unknown and warrants further investigations. Here, we conducted a conditioning training model with chronic inflammatory pain induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in mice, associating parecoxib with different cues. Hierarchical clustering analysis of placebo analgesia behaviors was employed to classify mice into responders and non-responders phenotypes. Approximately 40% of CFA mice undergoing conditioning training exhibited placebo analgesia. Notably, placebo analgesia responders displayed reduced anxiety-like behaviors. 16S rRNA results revealed a distinct composition of gut microbiota composition among the control, placebo analgesia non-responders and responders groups. Notably, levels of Escherichia Shigella and Klebsiella in the gut were increased considerably in the placebo analgesia responders as compared to both control and non-responders groups. In conclusion, placebo analgesia responders demonstrated marked analgesia, reduced anxiety-like behaviors, and increased levels of Escherichia-Shigella and Klebsiella, implying a potential linkage between gut microbiota and placebo analgesia.
Darifenacin extended-release tablets were evaluated for the treatment of patients with overactive bladder with symptoms of urgency, urge urinary incontinence, and increased urinary frequency in three randomized, fixed-dose, placebo-controlled, multicenter, double-blind, 12-week studies (Studies 1, 2 and 3) and one randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, dose-titration study (Study 4). For study eligibility in all four studies, patients with symptoms of overactive bladder for at least six months were required to demonstrate at least eight micturitions and at least one episode of urinary urgency per day, and at least five episodes of urge urinary incontinence per week. The majority of patients were white (94%) and female (84%), with a mean age of 58 years, range 19 to 93 years. Thirty-three percent of patients were greater than or equal to 65 years of age. These characteristics were well balanced across treatment groups. The study population was inclusive of both naïve patients who had not received prior pharmacotherapy for overactive bladder (60%) and those who had (40%).

  


Table 4 shows the efficacy data collected from 7- or 14-day voiding diaries in the three fixed-dose placebo-controlled studies of 1,059 patients treated with placebo, 7.5 mg or 15 mg once daily darifenacin extended-release tablets for 12 weeks. A significant decrease in the primary endpoint, change from baseline in average weekly urge urinary incontinence episodes was observed in all three studies. Data is also shown for two secondary endpoints, change from baseline in the average number of micturitions per day (urinary frequency) and change from baseline in the average volume voided per micturition.

Table 5 shows the efficacy data from the dose-titration study in 395 patients who initially received 7.5 mg darifenacin extended-release tablets or placebo daily with the option to increase to 15 mg darifenacin extended-release tablets or placebo daily after two weeks.

  


As seen in Figures 2 a, 2b and 2c, reductions in the number of urge incontinence episodes per week were observed within the first two weeks in patients treated with darifenacin extended-release tablets 7.5 mg and 15 mg once daily compared to placebo. Further, these effects were sustained throughout the 12-week treatment period.

Figures 2a, 2b, 2c. Median Change from Baseline at Weeks 2, 6, 12 for Number of Urge Incontinence Episodes per Week (Studies 1, 2 and 3)
Cyclophosphamide 50 mg daily per os continuously; Patients will be visited for re-cycling every three weeks. Metronomic cyclophosphamide will be taken in the morning along with a full glass of water.
In forensic practice, determining the postmortem submersion interval (PMSI) and cause-of-death of cadavers in aquatic ecosystems has always been challenging task. Traditional approaches are not yet able to address these issues effectively and adequately. Our previous study proposed novel models to predict the PMSI and cause-of-death based on metabolites of blood from rats immersed in freshwater. However, with the advance of putrefaction, it is hardly to obtain blood samples beyond 3 days postmortem. To further assess the feasibility of PMSI estimation and drowning diagnosis in the later postmortem phase, gastrocnemius, the more degradation-resistant tissue, was collected from drowned rats and postmortem submersion model in freshwater immediately after death, and at 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days, and 10 days postmortem respectively. Then the samples were analyzed with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to investigate the dynamic changes of the metabolites. A total of 924 metabolites were identified. Similar chronological changes of gastrocnemius metabolites were observed in the drowning and postmortem submersion groups. The difference in metabolic profiles between drowning and postmortem submersion groups was only evident in the initial 1 day postmortem, which was faded as the PMSI extension. Nineteen metabolites representing temporally-dynamic patterns were selected as biomarkers for PMSI estimation. A regression model was built based on these biomarkers with random forest algorithm, which yielded a mean absolute error (± SE) of 5.856 (± 1.296) h on validation samples from an independent experiment. These findings added to our knowledge of chronological changes in muscle metabolites from submerged vertebrate remains during decomposition, which provided a new perspective for PMSI estimation.
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common non-communicable diseases worldwide and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. An estimated 346 million people had diabetes in 2011, and diabetes is predicted to become the seventh leading cause of death in the world by the year 2030. In the United States, the incidence of diabetes nearly tripled between 1990 and 2010, with 1.9 million new cases diagnosed in 2010. Hypoglycemia (HG) is recognized as a limiting factor in optimal glycemic management of patients with diabetes. This potentially costly condition, occurring in approximately 20% to 60% of patients who receive oral medications for diabetes, threatens patient safety, quality of life, and potentially, cardiovascular health. Investigators have identified risk factors for HG, built a risk calculator for use by clinicians, integrated the calculator into the G3 electronic medical record system, and demonstrated our ability to collect data about outcomes. In this project, investigators studied the outcomes of implementing the risk calculator tool into clinical practice in ambulatory primary care. The findings and tools developed from this project will promote improved patient safety and medical care for diabetes.
The intervention will run for 4 weeks. Caregivers will be provided with a book 'At home with counting' that is made up of age appropriate maths exercises. Caregivers will trained (with a video) to work through one page of the book per day. This should take the same amount of time as the activity in the language intervention condition. Caregivers will keep a counting diary.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) and proximal junctional failure (PJF), including paraspinal muscle atrophy.
METHODS: Fifty-seven consecutive patients who underwent a long-instrumented fusion for adult spinal deformity (ASD) with a minimum follow-up of 2 years were included in the study. Patient, surgical, and radiological factors were evaluated. Muscle volume was measured using the muscle/vertebra ratio of the multifidus, erector spinae (ES), and psoas muscles, and muscle function was evaluated using the degree of fat infiltration at the L4-5 level.
RESULTS: The study included 57 consecutive patients: 25 patients in the combined PJK/PJF group (13 with PJK and 12 with PJF) and 32 in the control group (without PJK or PJF). The mean time to onset of PJK and PJF was 15.7 and 1.7 months, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that greater pre- and postoperative sagittal vertical axis was associated with the occurrence of PJK/PJF. ES muscle atrophy was more significant in the PJK/PJF group than in the control group, and more severe in the PJF than in the PJK group.
CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that PJF occurred much earlier than PJK after ASD surgery. Paraspinal muscle atrophy was identified as a significant risk factor for PJK and PJF, especially PJF. The possibility of PJK and PJF development should be considered when long-segment fusion is planned for patients with paraspinal muscle atrophy.
The control group participants will receive the traditional daily 30-minute intensive therapy regimen provided during acute inpatient rehabilitation stroke treatment protocol. Prior to discharge, control group participants will meet with a licensed clinical therapist to complete the cognitive and physical assessments for the posttest evaluation.
PURPOSE:To use a fibroin inclusion compound of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase as an oral agent for phenylketonuria having improved shelf stability and improved activity. CONSTITUTION:An orgal agent for phenylketonuria comprising a fibroin inclusion compound of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL for short). The fibroin inclusion compound of PAL is prepared by subjecting a mixed aqueous solution of PAL and fibroin to salting-out with a salt (e.g., ammonium sulfate, sodium citrate, etc.). In the preparation, a blending ratio of PAL and fibroin is preferably 400-1,500 units/g. A dosage form of administration is preferably an enteric agent (e.g., enteric tablet, enteric capsule). The fibroin inclusion compound of PAL contributes to stabilization of phenylalanine decomposition activity of PAL and manifestation of effect.
Compositions for bone repair have been developed based on linear hydrophobic degradable polymers and monomers or macromers, at least one of which includes an anhydride linkage. The monomers and/or macromers crosslink each other but not to the linear polymer to form semi-interpenetrating networks. The compositions can include various excipients, therapeutic and/or diagnostic agents. The compositions can be polymerized in the presence of dissolvable particles such as inorgani c salts and proteinaceous materials to provide a porous polymer network. The compositions can be injected into a patient and polymerized in situ or can be polymerized ex vivo and implanted. When polymerized ex vivo, the composition can be shaped into various articles, su ch as pins, screws, and hollow tubes, which can be used to repair broken bones.
OBJECTIVE: Implantable loop recorders (ILRs) are increasingly used for long-term rhythm monitoring after ischaemic and cryptogenic stroke, with the goal of detecting atrial fibrillation (AF) and subsequent initiation of oral anticoagulation to reduce risk of adverse clinical outcomes. There is a need to determine the effectiveness of different rhythm monitoring strategies in this context.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of individuals with commercial and Medicare Advantage insurance in Optum Labs Data Warehouse who had incident ischaemic or cryptogenic stroke and no prior cardiovascular implantable electronic device from 1 January 2016 to 30 June 2021. Patients were stratified by rhythm monitoring strategy: ILR, long-term continuous external cardiac monitor (>48 hours to 30 days) or Holter monitor (≤48 hours). The primary outcome was risk-adjusted all-cause mortality at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included new diagnosis of AF and oral anticoagulation, bleeding, and costs.
RESULTS: Among 48 901 patients with ischaemic or cryptogenic stroke, 9235 received an ILR, 29 103 long-term continuous external monitor and 10 563 Holter monitor only. Mean age was 69.9 (SD 11.9) years and 53.5% were female. During the 12-month follow-up period, patients who received ILRs compared with those who received long-term continuous external monitors had a higher odds of new diagnosis of AF and oral anticoagulant initiation (adjusted OR 2.27, 95% CI 2.09 to 2.48). Compared with patients who received long-term continuous external monitors, those who received ILRs had similar 12-month mortality (HR 1.00; 95% CI 0.89 to 1.12), with approximately $13 000 higher costs at baseline (including monitor cost) and $2500 higher costs during 12-month follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: In this large real-world study of patients with ischaemic or cryptogenic stroke, ILR placement resulted in more diagnosis of AF and initiation of oral anticoagulation, but no difference in mortality compared with long-term continuous external monitors.
This invention provides useful solid chimeric organs as well as animal models having such solid chimeric organs and processes for their preparation. Such organs find significant value and use in developing new models for disease, drug and therapeutic investigations and monitoring, and in studying storage functions and processes. The solid chimeric organs are comprised of recipient cells and donor cells, the latter themselves comprising allogeneic or xenogeneic cells which are unmodified or modified to contain one or more nucleic acid segments capable of exhibiting at least one biological property, e.g. DNA synthesis, replication, promoter function, transcription, translation, reverse transcription, and the like, non-native to the donor cell. The solid chimeric organs can be prepared from recipient organs using recipient cells and implanted allogeneic or xenogeneic donor cells from non-homologous organs or tissues. Also provided by this invention are non-tumorigenic immortalized human cell lines modified by having sequences derived from hepatotrophic viruses introduced into the cells. Susceptible cells, cytopathic mammalian viruses, target cells rendered susceptible to cytopathic events, and human cells infected or transfected by noncytopathic viruses are also provided.
Chronic diarrhea in children is challenging both with regards to etiological diagnosis and for management. Etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms vary widely from neonates to adolescents. Congenital or genetic causes are more frequent in neonates, while infections, allergy and immune-mediated mechanisms are more frequent in childhood. A thorough history and proper physical examination are required to decide for further diagnostic evaluation. The approach to a child with chronic diarrhea should be age specific and based predominantly on the pathophysiological mechanism involved. The nature of the stool like watery, bloody or fatty (steatorrhea) can suggest the probable etiology and organ system involved. After routine tests, evaluation with specific serological tests, imaging, endoscopy (gastroscopy/colonoscopy), histopathology of intestinal mucosa, breath tests or radionuclide imaging may be required to make a definitive diagnosis. Genetic evaluation is important in congenital diarrheas, monogenic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and immunodeficiency disorders. Management is aimed at stabilization, nutritional support and etiology specific treatment. Specific therapy can be as simple as exclusion of specific nutrient or as complicated as small bowel transplant. Evaluation and management require expertise and thus patients need to be referred in a timely fashion. This will minimise morbidity including nutritional consequences and improve outcome.
Design: Parallel group randomized control trial Method: All adult current smokers attending respirology clinic at the Ottawa General Hospital will be approached to participate. Concealed random allocation will be done if the subject is willing and signed the written informed consent. Experimental arm will receive counseling on site enrollment in the Ottawa Model of Smoking Cessation which includes IVR automated telephone follow-up and will receive a SmartCard worth $110 towards purchase of smoking cessation aids. Usual care arm will receive current usual care in our clinic i.e. strong physician advice, +/- prescription for smoking cessation aids if requested or willing.

As a priori, a third arm was added to the parent study entitled, "A PILOT IMPLEMENTATION OF BUDDHIST MINDFULNESS TRAINING COMBINED WITH THE OTTAWA MODEL FOR SMOKING CESSATION IN AN OUT-PATIENT RESPIROLOGY CLINIC SETTING". For this arm, research ethics board approval was sought and 10 participants were approached.
BACKGROUND: High hand hygiene (HH) workload is a commonly cited barrier to optimal HH performance. The objective of this study was to assess trends of HH workload as defined by HH opportunities (HHO) and performance rates over different timescales using automated HH monitoring system data.
METHODS: This multiyear retrospective observational study was conducted in 58 inpatient units located in 10 North American hospitals. HHO and HH rates were analyzed by time series mixed effects general additive model.
RESULTS: Median HH rates peaked at 50.0 between 6 and 7 AM with a trough of 38.2 at 5 PM. HHO over hours in a day were the highest at 184 per hospital unit per hour at 10 AM with a trough of 49.0 between 2 and 3 AM. Median rates for day and night shifts were 40.8 and 45.5, respectively (P = .078). Weekend day shift had the lowest median rate (39.4) compared with any other 12-hour shift (P < .1018). The median rates and HHO varied little across days in a week and months.
CONCLUSIONS: HH workload and performance rates were negatively correlated and changed drastically over hours in a day. Hospitals should consider HH workload in the development and timely delivery of improvement interventions.
Control group subjects will take part in 6 x 1.5 hour sessions of group-based information sessions facilitated by a trained instructor, consisting of topics on general wheelchair use, transportation, pain and fatigue management, nutrition, and internet resources. The instructor will be trained to not provide any training on wheelchair skills, and will be instructed to divert any wheelchair skills related questions.
PURPOSE: A method and a system for supplying an automatic response medical treating service are provided to enable a patient to receive a medical service conveniently by integrating medical service information being supplied from hospitals and drugstores dispersed locally, managing the information through a database, and supplying an automatic response medical service through a calling function of an automatic response system for patients. CONSTITUTION: A telephone terminal(10) connects general users and patients to a medical service center(30) for supplying an automatic response medical service through a PSTN(Public Switched Telephone Network,20). The PSTN(20) supplies a telephone exchanging service to an unspecified number of subscribers. The medical service center(30) constructs a database based on medical service details, a medical examination and treatment item, position information, and so on, being inputted to hospitals and drugstores through a web site. And the medical service center(30) supplies the automatic response medical service to patients connected to the telephone terminal(10) through a calling function of an automatic response system. The Internet(40) is a network for transmitting/receiving data through a communication in a remote place. In addition, a public medical insurance managing corporation(70) is connected to a plurality of medical institutions through an EDI(Electronic Data Interchange) and supplies various kinds of data related to a medical insurance.
Techniques regarding killing of a pathogen with one or more ionene compositions having antimicrobial functionality are provided. For example, one or more embodiments can comprise a method, which can comprise contacting a  mycobacterium tuberculosis  microbe with a chemical compound. The chemical compound can comprise an ionene unit. Also, the ionene unit can comprise a cation distributed along a molecular backbone. The ionene unit can have antimicrobial functionality. The method can further comprise electrostatically disrupting a membrane of the  mycobacterium tuberculosis  microbe in response to the contacting.
Subjects will receive a single dose of articaine sterile topical ophthalmic solution in one eye only. The study eye will be randomized. The single dose will be administered by the clinic staff as two drops in study eye 30 seconds apart.
An apparatus, and related method, for determining one or more association variables is described. The apparatus includes at least one processor, at least one memory, and at least one program module. The program module is stored in the memory and is configurable to be executed by the processor. The program module includes instructions for determining a statistical relationship between one or more temporal onsets corresponding to one or more events and a pattern of occurrence of a compound variable. The compound variable corresponds at least to a pattern of occurrence of a first variable and a pattern of occurrence of a second variable. The determining includes contributions from presence and absence information in the pattern of occurrence of the compound variable.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE           This invention relates to a novel compound of the formula and its production process,             [I] wherein R1 is an amino group which may be acylated or protected; X is hydrogen or a methoxyl group; R4 is (1) a sulfamoyl group, (2) a group of the formula, -S-Y-Z where Y is alkylene or alkenylene with up to 3 C atoms, and Z is ? alkanoyloxy with 2 to 4 C atoms, ? carbamoyl optionally substituted by sulfo, ? a carbamoyloxy or haloacetyl-carbamoyloxy, ? sulfocarbamoyloxy, or ? amino optionally substituted by sulfo, alkanoyl or aralkyloxycarbonyl, (3) triazolyl which is bonded with the azetidine ring on a nitrogen atom of the triazol ring, optionally substituted by alkoxycarbonyl, or (4) azido, with the proviso that when R4 is azido, R1 is a group,   where Q is alkylene with 1 to 3 C atoms, and T is optionally esterified carboxyl, the ester residue being lower alkyl optionally substituted by trimethylsilyl, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof.     The compound [I], and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof exhibit excellent antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and .beta.-lactamase inhibitory activity, thus being of value as a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for infectious diseases in mammals.
For people with stroke, walking on a curved path is more difficult than walking on a straight path and can lead to falls. Most of the outcome scales assessing the gait of people with stroke involve walking in a straight line or with one turn. Assessing a person with stroke walking on a straight path may not be indicative of real-life gait-related performance. The Figure of 8 Walk Test (F8WT) includes a straight and curved gait that may represent the daily gait. To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies evaluating the reliability and validity of the dual-task F8W test in individuals with stroke. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the F8W and dual-task F8W test in individuals with stroke.

This prospectively designed study evaluated the demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants. The main outcome measures included the F8WT, dual-task F8WT, Standardised Mini Mental Test, The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, Timed-Up and Go Test, 10-metre walk test, Modified Four Square Step Test and Six-Spot Step Test.