anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) disease (CAEBV) is complex, involving infection, inflammation, and in some cases malignancy. EBV reactivates in some patients, who develop a chronic disease with infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms. On occasion, it might be confused with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), based on the similar symptoms and elevated liver enzymes. We aimed to describe a similar case to remind reader of this disease.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 14-year-old girl was diagnosed with AIH based on biopsy and biomarker findings 1 year prior to admission and initially presented with elevated liver enzymes, portal hypertension, and parenchymal liver disease. Despite steroid administration, her condition fluctuated, and she was admitted to the hospital several times. She underwent a renal biopsy because of massive ascites, hypoalbuminemia, and increased renal echogenicity. An evaluation for impaired liver function showed positivity for EBV IgM, IgG, and early antigen (EBEA) antibodies. A PCR-based assay showed 5265 copies/mL of EBV DNA in peripheral blood. Epstein-Barr encoding region (EBER) in situ hybridization revealed abundant positive cells. Immunohistochemistry for CD56 also showed abundant positive cells, and CAEBV was diagnosed on this basis. Chemotherapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and liver transplantation were proposed but her family refused.
CONCLUSIONS: CAEBV should be considered when diagnosing AIH or in cases of treatment-refractory AIH.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an anti-MRSA(methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) active medicinal composition containing a component contained in 'cangerzi' as a Chinese medicine hardly having adverse effect as an active component. SOLUTION: This anti-MRSA medicinal composition contains xanthatin expressed by the formula and contained in 'cangerzi' as a fruit of Xanthium strumarium as an active component. Xanthatin is obtained by, e.g. refluxing crushed leaves of Xanthium strumarium in 50% ethanol, suction-filtrating in a warm state, concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure, adding ether to the resultant ethanol extract and subjecting to liquid-liquid partition extraction, concentrating and drying up ether layer at 70 deg.C under reduced pressure, fractionating the ether extract by a column charged with silica get in using n-hexane-ethyl acetate and gathering a fraction having an antibacterial activity. Xanthatin can be prepared as an oral medicine or an external medicine having anti-MRSA bacterial action. The external medicine can be used by adding to a commercial disinfectant solution.  About 0.1-10% of xanthatin can be contained in the composition. The oral medicine is preferably administrated at about 10-100 mg per one time to an adult (about 70kg).
Renal replacement therapy (RRT) is a crucial treatment for sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI), but it is uncertain which S-AKI patients should receive immediate RRT. Identifying the characteristics of patients who may benefit the most from RRT is an important task. This retrospective study utilized a public database and enrolled S-AKI patients, who were divided into RRT and non-RRT groups. Uplift modeling was used to estimate the individual treatment effect (ITE) of RRT. The validity of different models was compared using a qini curve. After labeling the patients in the validation cohort, we characterized the patients who would benefit the most from RRT and created a nomogram. A total of 8289 patients were assessed, among whom 591 received RRT, and 7698 did not receive RRT. The RRT group had a higher severity of illness than the non-RRT group, with a Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score of 9 (IQR 6,11) vs. 5 (IQR 3,7). The 28-day mortality rate was higher in the RRT group than the non-RRT group (34.83% vs. 14.61%, p < 0.0001). Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance baseline characteristics, 458 RRT patients and an equal number of non-RRT patients were enrolled for further research. After PSM, 28-day mortality of RRT and non-RRT groups were 32.3% vs. 39.3%, P = 0.033. Using uplift modeling, we found that urine output, fluid input, mean blood pressure, body temperature, and lactate were the top 5 factors that had the most influence on RRT effect. The area under the uplift curve (AUUC) of the class transformation model was 0.068, the AUUC of SOFA was 0.018, and the AUUC of Kdigo-stage was 0.050. The class transformation model was more efficient in predicting individual treatment effect. A logistic regression model was developed, and a nomogram was drawn to predict whether an S-AKI patient can benefit from RRT. Six factors were taken into account (urine output, creatinine, lactate, white blood cell count, glucose, respiratory rate). Uplift modeling can better predict the ITE of RRT on S-AKI patients than conventional score systems such as Kdigo and SOFA. We also found that white blood cell count is related to the benefits of RRT, suggesting that changes in inflammation levels may be associated with the effects of RRT on S-AKI patients.
Ethambutol hydrochloride may produce decreases in visual acuity which appear to be due to optic neuritis. This effect may be related to dose and duration of treatment. This effect is generally reversible when administration of the drug is discontinued promptly. However, irreversible blindness has been reported. (See PRECAUTIONS and ADVERSE REACTIONS). 

Liver toxicities including fatalities have been reported (see ADVERSE REACTIONS). Baseline and periodic assessment of hepatic function should be performed.
A vast body of evidence has shown that concrete concepts are processed faster and more accurately than abstract concepts in a variety of cognitive tasks. This phenomenon is widely known as the concreteness effect, and explanations for its occurrence seem to reflect differences in processing and organization for both types of representations. While there is considerable evidence to support this concreteness effect, the nature of these differences is still controversial. In developing an explanation, we have proposed a relatively different approach from a false memory perspective using the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm. To explore the implications of the association in creating false memories, we explore behavioral and electrophysiologically the false memory effect, where targets were manipulated according to their association strength and their concreteness. Results showed that false recognition rates differed significantly between concrete and abstract critical words when they were associated strongly with their respective lists, which led to a higher proportion of abstract false alarms both in behavioral and electrophysiological experiments. The principal outcome, which was called the DIM-HA effect, was discussed in terms of theories of associative activation and qualitatively different representation.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new protein useful for screening, or the like, of an agonist/an antagonist. SOLUTION: The mouse-derived protein or its salt and a polynucleotide encoding the protein are provided. A method for determining a ligand to the protein is provided. A method for screening a compound altering binding properties of the protein to the ligand/a kit for screening are provided. The compound or its salt, or the like, are obtained by the screening. Thereby, the mouse-derived protein or the polynucleotide encoding the protein can be used in (1) determining the ligand to the protein, (2) a prophylactic and/or a therapeutic agent related to the hypofunction of the protein and (3) screening, or the like, of the compound (an agonist, an antagonist, or the like) capable of altering the binding properties of the protein to the ligand.
Liraglutide was evaluated in a 26-week, double-blind, randomized, parallel group, placebo controlled multi-center trial (NCT01541215), in 134 pediatric patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus aged 10 years and older. Patients were randomized to liraglutide once-daily or placebo once-daily in combination with metformin with or without basal insulin treatment. All patients were on a metformin dose of 1000 to 2000 mg prior to randomization. The basal insulin dose was decreased by 20% at randomization and liraglutide was titrated weekly by 0.6 mg for 2 to 3 weeks based on tolerability and an average fasting plasma glucose goal of ≤110 mg/dL.

The mean age was 14.6 years: 29.9% were ages 10 to 14 years, and 70.1% were greater than 14 years of age. 38.1% were male, 64.9% were White, 13.4% were Asian, 11.9% were Black or African American; 29.1% were of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. The mean BMI was 33.9 kg/m2 and the mean BMI SDS was 2.9. 18.7% of patients were using basal insulin at baseline. The mean duration of diabetes was 1.9 years and the mean HbA1c was 7.8%.

At week 26, treatment with liraglutide was superior in reducing HbA1c from baseline versus placebo. The estimated treatment difference in HbA1c reduction from baseline between liraglutide and placebo was -1.06% with a 95% confidence interval of [-1.65%; -0.46%] (see Table 12).

Table 12. Results at Week 26 in a Trial Comparing Liraglutide in Combination with Metformin with or without Basal Insulin Versus Placebo in Combination with Metformin with or without Basal Insulin in Pediatric Patients Aged 10 Years and Older with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
BACKGROUND: Macrophages play a crucial role in atherosclerotic plaque formation, and the death of macrophages is a vital factor in determining the fate of atherosclerosis. GSDMD (gasdermin D)-mediated pyroptosis is a programmed cell death, characterized by membrane pore formation and inflammatory factor release.
METHODS: ApoE-/- and Gsdmd-/- ApoE-/- mice, bone marrow transplantation, and AAV (adeno-associated virus serotype 9)-F4/80-shGSDMD (shRNA-GSDMD) were used to examine the effect of macrophage-derived GSDMD on atherosclerosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing was used to investigate the changing profile of different cellular components and the cellular localization of GSDMD during atherosclerosis.
RESULTS: First, we found that GSDMD is activated in human and mouse atherosclerotic plaques and Gsdmd-/- attenuates the atherosclerotic lesion area in high-fat diet-fed ApoE-/- mice. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing of ApoE-/- and Gsdmd-/- ApoE-/- mouse aortas and showed that GSDMD is principally expressed in atherosclerotic macrophages. Using bone marrow transplantation and AAV-F4/80-shGSDMD, we identified the potential role of macrophage-derived GSDMD in aortic pyroptosis and atherosclerotic injuries in vivo. Mechanistically, GSDMD contributes to mitochondrial perforation and mitochondrial DNA leakage and subsequently activates the STING (stimulator of interferon gene)-IRF3 (interferon regulatory factor 3)/NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) axis. Meanwhile, GSDMD regulates the STING pathway activation and macrophage migration via cytokine secretion. Inhibition of GSDMD with GSDMD-specific inhibitor GI-Y1 (GSDMD inhibitor Y1) can effectively alleviate the progression of atherosclerosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study has provided a novel macrophage-derived GSDMD mechanism in the promotion of atherosclerosis and demonstrated that GSDMD can be a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.
Progressive walking and resistance exercise treatment, prescribed to both cancer survivors and their caregivers (daily walking and 3 times/week resistance prescription for 6 weeks). Cancer survivor and caregiver are also asked to discuss ways they can support one another in a) remaining adherent to exercise, and b) dealing with stress, including LGBT-specific minority stress.
PURPOSE:To obtain a injection agent containing a medicine and specific drying agent in a same system. CONSTITUTION:A medicine (e.g. aspirin-D, L-lysin, etc.) and drying agent containing magnesium chloride substantially containing no water or containing extremely small amount of water as a main constitutional ingredient at an amount of 0.5-50wt.%, especially preferably 2-10wt.% based in total content are contained in same system to provide the aimed drying agent-containing injection agent. Since the water content causes hydrolysis of medicine, when the above-mentioned drying agent is contained, the medicine is extremely effectively stabilized. The above-mentioned magnesium chloride is obtained by heating and drying water-containing magnesium chloride. The other additive (e.g. color protecting agent, antioxidant, light stabilizer, pain-removing agent) may be packed in the system.
BACKGROUND: The cultivation of maize (Zea mays L.), one of the most important crops worldwide for food, feed, biofuels, and industrial applications, faces significant constraints due to Fusarium verticillioides, a fungus responsible for severe diseases including seedling blights, stalk rot, and ear rot. Its impact is worsened by the fact that chemical and agronomic measures used to control the infection are often inefficient. Hence, genetic resistance is considered the most reliable resource to reduce the damage. This study aims to elucidate the genetic basis of F. verticillioides resistance in maize.
RESULTS: Young seedlings of eight divergent maize lines, founders of the MAGIC population, were artificially inoculated with a F. verticillioides strain. Phenotypic analysis and transcriptome sequencing of both control and treated samples identified several hundred differentially expressed genes enriched in metabolic processes associated with terpene synthesis. A WGCNA further refined the pool of genes with potential implications in disease response and found a limited set of hub genes, encoding bZIP and MYB transcription factors, or involved in carbohydrate metabolism, solute transport processes, calcium signaling, and lipid pathways. Finally, additional gene resources were provided by combining transcriptomic data with previous QTL mapping, thereby shedding light on the molecular mechanisms in the maize-F. verticillioides interaction.
CONCLUSIONS: The transcriptome profiling of eight divergent MAGIC maize founder lines with contrasting levels of Fusarium verticillioides resistance combined with phenotypic analysis, clarifies the molecular mechanisms underlying the maize-F. verticillioides interaction.
In this multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, patients with non-paroxysmal AF will receive dronedarone for three months after radiofrequency ablation. Eligible Patients will then be randomly divided into dronedarone and placebo groups and followed up until one year after ablation. The primary endpoint is the cumulative nonrecurrence rate post three months and within one year after ablation. 7-day Holter monitoring (ECG patch) will be scheduled at 6,9, and 12 months after ablation for evaluating AA recurrence. Secondary endpoints include dronedarone withdrawal due to side effect or intolerance of AA recurrence, time to the first recurrence, repeat ablation, electrical cardioversion, unscheduled visit ,and rehospitalization.

This trial will evaluate whether prolonged use of dronedarone effectively reduces recurrence rate after ablation in non-paroxysmal AF patients. The result of this trial will provide evidence for optimizing post-ablation anti-arrhythmic therapy.
UNLABELLED: Introduction-Aim: The iatrogenic risk in the elderly is a real public health problem due to its frequency and seriousness. Our study aimed to analyze the epidemiological, clinical and chronological aspects of adverse drug reactions occurring in elderly subjects and to identify the incriminated drugs.
METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study of all the observations of adverse drug reactions in elderly subjects, notified to the Clinical Pharmacology department of Monastir over a period of 17 years (2004 - 2020). Drug skin tests were performed according to ENDA recommendations and imputability was analyzed using the French method of Bégaud et al. The drugs have been grouped according to the ATC classification.
RESULTS: Among 545 events occurring in elderly subjects, drug responsibility was retained in 209 patients. They were 106 men and 103 women (gender-ratio=1.03). The average age of the patients was 72.3±6 years. Drug hypersensitivity reactions accounted for 75% of all adverse effects. The majority of these reactions were type IV (delayed). The incriminated drugs were: anti-infectives (47%), drugs for the musculoskeletal system (20%), drugs for the cardiovascular system (17%) and drugs for the central nervous system (5%).
CONCLUSION: Through this study, we noted a predominance of delayed drug hypersensitivity reactions as well as an increased involvement of anti-infectives and allopurinol in the occurrence of adverse effects in the elderly population.
Subjects may be recruited if subjects fit inclusion/exclusion criteria and are deemed eligible to participate as long as informed consent is given. Sample collection will occur during a separate study visit. Clinical patients seen at the Pulmonary Consultants of New York will only undergo the nasal sample collection and may be asked to have a blood draw of about 2 teaspoons (9ml).
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, namely to gynecology and can be used for treatment of benign lesions of cervix, including those complicated by nabothian cysts. For this purpose prepared is special suspension, consisting of one part of sterile powder of medical polymer-salt nanosized composite implantation collagen-containing material and two parts of two-percent lidocaine solution. After that, all affected in process of disease cervix surface is infiltrated with said special suspension until 0.5-1 mm thick continuous infiltration cushion is formed under affected by disease surface. In preferable version of invention, as medical polymer-salt nanosized composite implantation collagen-containing material, used is medical material "LitAr". ^ EFFECT: method makes it possible to simplify and make cheaper treatment of benign cervix lesions. ^ 6 cl, 2 ex
Patients receive oral sorafenib tosylate on days 1-5, 8-12, 15-19, and 22-26 and bevacizumab IV over 30-90 minutes on days 1 and 15. Treatment repeats every 28 days in the absence of unacceptable toxicity or disease progression.
FIELD: medicine, nephrology, phytotherapy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the development of medicinal agents as herb species that can be used for treatment of chronic pyelonephritis. Invention proposes the agent representing species of medicinal plants comprising Orthosiphon stamineus herb, common bear berry herb, glabrous licorice roots, pot-marigold flowers, matricary flowers and comprising additionally violet pensy (tricolor) herb, cowberry leaves, maize stigmas, common sandy immortelle flowers, sweet flag rhizome with roots, juniper fruits, flax seeds, common fennel fruits, common wormwood herb, common mother-of-thyme herb, gum-tree leaves, black elder flowers, knot-grass herb, linden flowers taken in the definite ratio. Intake of this agent provides the stable remission of patient state and the absence of adverse effects or toxic effect. EFFECT: valuable medicinal properties of agent. 2 tbl, 4 ex
Control Group with standard care comprises facilitated tucking done by a nurse or the parent, oral glucose (300 mg/ml) and the opportunity to suck on a pacifier or on a parent's or a nurse's plastic gloved finger. The infant is placed on an examination table for the venipuncture.
Root exudates play a key role in the life cycle of Verticillium dahliae, the causal agent of Verticillium wilt diseases, because they induce microsclerotia germination to initiate plant infection through the roots. In olive plants, the genotype and the application of biological control agents (BCAs) or phosphonate salts influence the ability of root exudates to decrease V. dahliae viability. Understanding the chemical composition of root exudates could provide new insights into the mechanisms of olive plant defense against V. dahliae. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to analyze the metabolomic profiles of root exudates collected from the olive cultivars Arbequina, Frantoio, and Picual subjected to treatment with BCAs (Aureobasidium pullulans AP08, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PAB-024) or phosphonate salts (copper phosphite, potassium phosphite). These treatments were selected due to their effectiveness as inducers of resistance against Verticillium wilt in olive plants. Our metabolomic analysis revealed that the olive cultivars exhibited differences in root exudates, which could be related to the different degrees of susceptibility to V. dahliae. The composition of root exudates also changed with the application of BCAs or phosphonate fertilizer, highlighting the complex and dynamic nature of the interactions between olive cultivars and treatments preventing V. dahliae infections. Thus, the identification of genotype-specific metabolic changes and specific metabolites induced by these treatments emphasizes the potential of resistance inducers for enhancing plant defense and promoting the growth of beneficial microorganisms.
Gastric cystica profunda (GCP) is an uncommon but underestimated gastric lesion. Its precancerous potential determines its significance. In addition to previous mucosa injury due to operations, biopsy or polypectomy, chronic active and atrophic gastritis may also lead to the development of GCPs. By carefully examining the stomach and taking biopsy samples from the susceptible regions, the stage of atrophy can be determined. Chronic atrophic gastritis is a risk factor for cancer evolvement and it can also contribute to GCPs formation. GCPs frequently occur close to early gastric cancers (EGCs) or EGC can arise from the cystic glands. Endoscopic resection is an effective and minimally invasive treatment in GCP.
BACKGROUND: Fracture of the anteromedial facet (AMF) of the coronoid process is associated with varus posteromedial rotatory instability (VPMRI). However, there is still controversy regarding the optimal treatment for AMF fracture. The purpose of this study is to report on a systematic review of the outcomes and complications after treatment for AMF fracture.
METHODS: This study was conducted using electronic databases, PubMed, EMBASE and Scopus. Studies reporting outcome scores and complications were included. Studies that did not utilize O'Driscoll classification for AMF fractures were excluded. Through conduct of a thorough review of included studies, definite VPMRI were identified and cases involving other injury mechanisms were excluded.
RESULTS: Fifteen articles reporting on 246 patients were included. According to O'Driscoll classification, 6.2% of cases were anteromedial subtype I, 73.7% were subtype II, and 20.1% were subtype III. Two-hundred sixteen patients (87.8%) were treated surgically and 30 patients (12.2%) were treated conservatively. Lateral collateral ligament (LCL) injuries were 76.2% (157/206) and medial collateral ligament injuries were 16.9% (33/195). Among 216 cases who underwent surgical treatment, depending on the fragment size, displacement, and instability, coronoid fixation was performed in 189 cases and LCL repair alone was performed in 27 cases. The mean final Mayo Elbow Performance Score was 92.1 and the Broberg & Morrey score was 89.5. The overall complication and reoperation rates were 17.7% (41/232) and 12.9% (26/202).
CONCLUSIONS: Both surgical and conservative treatment for AMF fractures resulted in satisfactory final clinical outcomes. However, high complication and reoperation rates were observed.
PCCs randomized to this arm will have a delayed start of their PCBH implementation, waiting between 5-9 months. During this time, the same patient-level and organizational-level data will be collected from these centers while they continue to use traditional primary care / Care As Usual (CAU) .