anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Despite the recognized link between immune responses and frailty, the association between immune cell counts and frailty based on previous observational studies remains disputed, with uncertain causal nexus. This study aimed to elucidate causal association between genetically predicted circulating immune cell counts and frailty.
METHODS: We conducted the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study with independent genetic variants associated with six immune cell subtype counts from genome-wide association studies in 563,946 European individuals. Frailty summary data, assessed via frailty index (FI), was obtained from study comprising 175,226 subjects. Univariate MR, reverse MR and multivariate MR were conducted to comprehensive investigate the association between immune cell counts and FI, with two-step MR analysis for mediation analysis.
RESULTS: Univariate MR evidence indicated that among six leukocyte subtype counts, only elevated eosinophil count was significantly correlated with higher FI (β = 0.059, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.042-0.078, P=5.63E-11), with no reverse causal relationship identified in reverse MR. In multivariate MR, the causal effect of eosinophil count retained statistical significance (β = 0.063, 95% CI, 0.021-0.104, P = 0.003). Ultimately, the two-step MR analysis demonstrated two mediators in this causal pathway: asthma (β= 0.019, 95% CI, 0.013-0.025, P = 35.84E-10, mediated proportion, 31.732%) and rheumatoid arthritis (β= 0.004, 95% CI, 0.001-0.006, P=1.75E-03, mediated proportion, 6.411%).
CONCLUSIONS: Within immune cell subtypes, MR evidence indicated only genetically predicted circulating eosinophil count had irreversible and independent causal effect on frailty, with asthma and rheumatoid arthritis possibly serving as partial mediators. The finding stressed the need for further exploring physiological functions of eosinophils in order to develop effective strategies against frailty.
Background

Cancer research in developing countries has not received adequate attention in spite of having great potential to improve our understanding of genes and environmental exposures such as diet in the etiology of cancer. Specifically, an Indian dietary cohort would substantially expand the intake range and variety of different foods and lifestyles that have not been adequately explored, e.g., spices, type of oils, lentils, vegetarianism (tied to religion rather than healthy life-style ), and types of physical activities. Indians also have distinct cancer incidence patterns. Establishing a cohort will allow us to study multiple cancer outcomes as well as other disease end-points (e.g., cardiovascular disease and diabetes), and it will avoid potential bias resulting from differential recall of past diet by subjects, a critical concern in case-control studies that assess nutritional intake. As measurement of various biological markers will be an integral component of this study, it will be important to collect biological specimens prior to illness and treatment. This is particularly important in India as cases may present with late stage disease.

Because a study of this magnitude and complexity has not been carried out in India, I have proposed a pilot study to determine the feasibility of conducting a large cohort study in India. The pilot study consists of three parts: 1) evaluation of logistical issues; 2) characterization of the diet; and 3) evaluation of issues related to follow-up and end-point ascertainment. In Part A of this pilot study there will be 4,000 subjects. This part of the study will be evaluated for logistical issues, including questionnaire administration, collection, storage, and analysis. Response rates for questionnaires, collection of biospecimens and the centers ability to carry out the proposed research will be evaluated as well. Part B of the pilot study consists of a characterization of Indian diet to determine within- and between-person variability in intake in a subset of 1,400 subjects; an evaluation to determine whether Indians can estimate food quantities accurately; assess the degree of measurement error in selected nutrients; and ascertain whether using multiple forms of intake instruments in combination with biomarkers may categorize intake with less error. In Part C of the pilot study, issues related to follow-up and end-point ascertainment in 1200 subjects will be evaluated. In addition, an evaluation of the likelihood of cancers and other chronic diseases remaining completely undiagnosed owning to lack of access to health care; assess movement pattern and traceability of Indian populations; as well as an evaluation of the cancer registry coverage and determine whether supplementary activities are required.
A contactless physiological measurement device is disclosed. The contactless physiological measurement device is an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory storing an application program. When the application program is executed, the processor controls a front camera and a rear camera of the electronic device to photograph a user, so as to obtain a face image and a hand image. Subsequently, after extracting a first rPPG signal and a second rPPG signal from the face image and the hand image respectively, physiological parameters are calculated by apply a signal process to the first/second rPPG signal. Moreover, a signal parameter difference is also acquired after applying a signal difference calculation to the two rPPG signals. Consequently, an estimation value of blood pressure is outputted by inputting user anthropometric parameter, said signal parameter difference and at least one physiological parameter into a pre-trained blood pressure estimating model.
527,864. Medicinal preparations of calcium salts. FIFE, J. G. (Wulfing, G. A. R. von, and Rosskothen, E. M. H., [trading as Wulfing, J. A.]). April 21, 1939, No. 12088. [Class 81 (i)] [Also in Group IV] Readily-soluble calcium compounds stable in solution are obtained by reacting calcium lactate with sodium gluconate or calcium gluconate with sodium lactate ; for instance, neutral supersaturated solutions of calcium gluconate or lactate can be stabilized by adding sodium lactate or gluconate respectively. Preferably equivalent quantities of the salts are employed. Alternatively the acids may be neutralized with equivalent quantities of calcium and sodium hydroxides, oxides or carbonates. The solutions may be evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, or a solid product may be obtained by adding one of the salts in solid form to a concentrated solution of the other. In examples (1) sodium lactate is added to a hot solution of calcium gluconate or lactic acid may be added to the calcium gluconate solution which is then neutralized with sodium carbonate; (2) a solution of gluconic acid lactone which has been neutralized with sodium carbonate is added to a solution of calcium lactate ; (3) calcium gluconate is mixed with a 60 per cent solution of sodium lactate and allowed to stand until the mass is dry; (4) calcium lactate is dissolved in a solution of gluconic acid lactone which has been neutralized with sodium carbonate; the crystalline mass produced in standing is dried in vacuo. It is stated that it is known to stabilize solutions of calcium gluconate by adding substances such as calcium mannonate, calcium salts of keto-acids such as the laevulinate, sodium thiosulphate, boric acid, and calcium saccharate, and that it has been proposed to stabilize the solutions by adding the calcium salts of bionic acids, calcium chloride or calcium formate with the formation of double salts:
The pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension is complex and multifactorial. It is a disease characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance at the level due to sustained vasoconstriction and remodeling of the pulmonary arteries, which triggers an increase in the mean pulmonary artery pressure and subsequent right ventricular hypertrophy, which in some cases can cause right heart failure. Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is currently classified into Group 3 of the five different groups of pulmonary hypertensions, which are determined according to the cause of the disease. HPH mainly develops as a product of lung diseases, among the most prevalent causes of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or hypobaric hypoxia due to exposure to high altitudes. Additionally, cardiometabolic risk factors converge on molecular mechanisms involving overactivation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which correspond to a central axis in the development of HPH. The aim of this review is to summarize the role of mTOR in the development of HPH associated with metabolic risk factors and its therapeutic alternatives, which will be discussed in this review.
The study was applied in 2nd grade nursing students' disability health course. The control group was taught with the traditional method.
Chronic graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) is a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant that impairs quality of life, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Management of chronic GVHD with prednisone is associated with an overall response rate of approximately 60%, and a complete response rate of approximately 30% but sclerotic features do not respond as well. Based on the biology of chronic GVHD and available preliminary evidence, the investigators hypothesize that ruxolitinib will be effective in the management of sclerotic chronic GVHD. The study is an open label, phase II multicenter trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of ruxolitinib as a salvage treatment for patients with sclerotic GVHD (sclerosis or fasciitis). The primary objective is to determine the proportion of patients with response rate (complete and partial responses) in skin and/or joint, as determined by 2014 NIH (National Institutes of Health) consensus criteria, at 6 months of therapy with ruxolitinib. Eligibility criteria includes adult patients with chronic GVHD and skin, joint and/or fascia sclerosis, who have received systemic corticosteroids for \>12 months and at least one additional line of therapy OR systemic corticosteroids and at least two additional lines of therapy for chronic GVHD. A sample size of 47 patients (43 evaluable patients and estimated 10% dropout) will allow an α of 0.044 and a power of 84% to test the null hypothesis response rate of 25% compared to an alternative of 45%. Subjects will receive ruxolitinib for 6 months for the treatment of sclerotic chronic GVHD. Subjects will be evaluated for GVHD status as well as non-relapse mortality, relapse of underlying malignancy and quality of life/functional status. Plasma cytokine levels and T/Natural Killer (NK) cell subset in peripheral blood will be measured at various time points. The response rate will be reported as a proportion and 95% exact confidence interval. If positive, the trial results will support other ongoing studies to establish the role of ruxolitinib in chronic GVHD in general and specifically in sclerotic chronic GVHD.
Clinical Trials Experience   
In 11 double-blind trials in 264 patients using ketoconazole shampoo, 2%, for the treatment of dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis, an increase in normal hair loss and irritation occurred in less than 1% of patients. In three open-label safety trials in which 41 patients shampooed 4-10 times weekly for six months, the following adverse experiences each occurred once: abnormal hair texture, scalp pustules, mild dryness of the skin, and itching. As with other shampoos, oiliness and dryness of hair and scalp have been reported. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which patients with tinea versicolor were treated with either a single application of ketoconazole shampoo, 2%, (n=106), a daily application for three consecutive days (n=107), or placebo (n=105), drug-related adverse events occurred in 5 (5%), 7 (7%) and 4 (4%) of patients, respectively. The only events that occurred in more than one patient in any one of the three treatment groups were pruritus, application site reaction, and dry skin; none of these events occurred in more than 3% of the patients in any one of the three groups. 

Post-marketing Experience   
Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not possible to reliably estimate their frequency. The following adverse drug reactions have been identified during post-marketing experience with ketoconazole shampoo, 2%: there have been reports of hair discoloration and abnormal hair texture, itching, skin burning sensation, contact dermatitis, hypersensitivity, angioedema, alopecia, rash, urticaria, skin irritation, dry skin, and application site reactions.
Late-onset AD develops over many years during a preclinical period in which neuropathological changes accumulate before dementia is evident. Deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) in the brain is the earliest recognized biomarker of AD pathology, and, demographically, Aβ accumulation begins to accelerate at age 50, a period when the incidence of metabolic disturbance increases as well. Hyperinsulinemia associated with insulin receptor resistance has been associated with AD pathololgy, and metabolic disturbance in mid-life increases risk for subsequent dementia. There are indications that subjective memory complaints can be an early indicator of developing neuropathology and may be the first manifestation of future dementia. This research involve intervention studies in different samples of individuals from this population to investigate the extent to which berry fruit supplementation and ketone metabolism might improve memory performance in association with enhancement of metabolic function and related factors. The ultimate goal of this research is to develop interventional approaches that might be applied with at-risk individuals in the preclinical period of dementia to forestall or prevent progression of neurocognitive decline.
The study is a randomized, parallel controlled clinical trial in Chinese postmenopausal OP patients receiving minodronate or alendronate. Minodronate will be administered once daily for 12 weeks, and alendronate will be administered once daily for 12 weeks. This study is divided into two stages: the first stage is 12 weeks, and at the end of the first stage, the results of patients' back pain and gastrointestinal adverse reactions will be summarized; the second stage is 12 weeks, and the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of patients will be summarized at the end of the second stage. The VAS score in this study rangs from 0-100 mm. During the screening, the patient's past pain relief methods, such as pain medication or the way of life intervention will be recorded. The use of the above methods during the patients' treatment will be prohibited to prevent interference with the results of the clinical trials. During the treatment, if patients experience sudden aggravation of low back pain, the VAS score is more than 70, and the patients could not bear the pain, a rescue drug (acetaminophen) will be used uniformly to relieve the pain. Throughout the trial, a total of 5 follow-up visits will be planned. The VAS score, PK\&PD sampling, BMD evaluation, and Izumo scale score will be calculated.
A transfusion-requiring "late anemia" can complicate the management of neonates convalescing from hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). This anemia can occur in any neonate after HDFN but is particularly prominent in those who received intrauterine transfusions and/or double-volume exchange transfusions. Various reports describe this condition as occurring based on ongoing hemolysis, either due to passive transfer of alloantibody through breast milk or persistence of antibody not removed by exchange transfusion. However, other reports describe this condition as the result of inadequate erythrocyte production. Both hypotheses might have merit, because perhaps; (1) some cases are primarily due to continued hemolysis, (2) others are primarily hypoproductive, and (3) yet others result from a mixture of these two mechanisms. We propose prospective collaborative studies that will resolve this issue by serially quantifying end-tidal carbon monoxide. Doing this will better inform the assessment and treatment of neonates recovering from HDFN.
BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin condition where immune cells play a significant role. The importance of the cross-talk between keratinocytes and immune cells in the pathogenesis of psoriasis has recently been reaffirmed. Recent studies have found that several S1PR functional antagonists, other than S1PR2, are effective in improving psoriasis. This study aims to investigate the role of S1PR2 in psoriasis, that has not been investigated before.
METHODS: Spatial transcriptomics, RT-qPCR, and flow cytometry were used to map the immune cell landscape and its association with metabolic pathways in an imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like inflammation in S1pr2fl/fl K14-Cre mice that could not sense sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in the epidermis through the S1PR2 receptor.
RESULTS: Our analysis suggests that S1PR2 in keratinocytes plays a major role in psoriasis-like inflammation compared to other S1PRs. It acts as a down-regulator, inhibiting the recruitment of Th17 cells into the skin. In IMQ-induced psoriasis skin, both S1pr2-/- and S1pr2fl/fl K14-Cre mice showed higher expressions of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-17A, and IL-1β together with higher expressions of MyD88/NF-κB pathway compared to the wild-type mice. Remarkably, in IMQ-treated mice, the deletion of S1pr2 in keratinocytes only resulted in a larger population of Th17 cells in skin-draining lymph nodes. Other S1PR modulators did not improve the worsening of psoriasis-like inflammation caused by S1PR2 deficiency in keratinocytes.
CONCLUSION: This study reaches two main conclusions: signals from keratinocytes play a central role in creating an immune environment that promotes the development of psoriasis, and stimulating S1PR2, instead of suppressing it, represents a potential therapeutic approach for psoriasis.
BACKGROUND: Congenital malaria is an uncommon clinical infectious disease caused by vertical transmission of parasites from mother to child during pregnancy or delivery and a positive blood smear of malaria in newborns from 24 hours to 7 days of life, associated with a high mortality rate if it is not diagnosed and treated early. We present an unusual case of a 4-day-old boy with Plasmodium vivax malaria from Gondar, Ethiopia, suspected mainly based on a positive maternal history of malaria attacks in the seventh month of gestation and cured with artemether-lumefantrine therapy. The newborn presented with a lack of sucking and a high-grade fever. The blood film of the baby showed a trophozoite stage of Plasmodium vivax with a parasite density of +2. The neonate had severe thrombocytopenia (76,000/μL) and splenomegaly (the spleen was palpable 2 cm along the growth line). The patient was admitted to the hospital and was treated with artesunate and artemether-lumefantrine.
CONCLUSION: Most of the Amhara zones are endemic for malaria, and newborns born to mothers in malaria areas or those with a history of malaria attacks in the index pregnancy should be investigated early for malaria rather than treated with sepsis or meningitis. It is wise to consider congenital malaria as part of neonatal sepsis-like presentations, especially if there is a maternal history of malaria attack during pregnancy and if the neonates fully recover.
OBJECTIVE: Report on a case of pseudoaneurysm which was caused by injury of the internal carotid artery (ICA) during endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES), which was followed by rebleeding after treatment with a Willis covered stent.
METHODS: A woman, aged 68, underwent EES for the treatment of a pituitary adenoma. During the surgery, the right ICA was injured, and successfully hemostasis by packed with cottonoid and gelatin sponge. Besides, cerebral angiography was performed in the interventional operating room for the purpose of discovering the formation of a pseudoaneurysm in the cavernous sinus segment of ICA, which was treated with a covered stent. After successfully placing the covered stent, the patient was promptly transferred to the general operating room for the removal of the cottonoid and to address the bleeding once again. The authors employ crushed muscles and cottonoid to locally compress and stop bleeding. Owing to concerns about the risk of rebleeding in the patient, after stent implantation, the patient did not utilize antiplatelet drugs. After the surgery, the patient developed occlusion of the right ICA and massive cerebral infarction in the right hemisphere. Dehydration, anti-infection, rehabilitation, hyperbaric oxygen, as well as related treatments, were given. The cottonoid was removed in EES 2 months postsurgery, and no instances of bleeding were observed. Six months after surgery, the patient had clear consciousness and hemiplegia in the left limb, with a Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 4.
RESULTS: The ICA was injured during EES, which resulted in the formation of a pseudoaneurysm, the Willis stent was adopted for treatment, and there was a risk of rebleeding after the nasal packing (cottonoid, crushed muscles) was removed immediately.
CONCLUSIONS: The ICA was injured during EES after bleeding was controlled by packing with cottonoid, crushed muscles, etc, subsequently, the patient was given intravascular treatment, it is advised to make thorough preparations and, after a suitable period, remove nasal packing in the hybrid operating room to address unexpected situations and unforeseen circumstances.
The invention relates to a medicine composition containing febuxostat. The medicine composition comprises water-soluble solid dispersing carriers, diluents and lubricants, wherein the proportion of the febuxostat and the water-soluble solid dispersing carriers is 1: (0.5-3) according to parts by weight, and the water-soluble solid dispersing carriers include one or a plurality of polyethylene glycol, povidone and poloxamer. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the medicine composition. The preparation method includes: evenly mixing the febuxostat and the water-soluble dispersing carriers, adding alcohol, dissolving the alcohol in water bath, performing heating to volatilize the alcohol, adding the diluents, evenly stirring, sieving, drying, granulating straightening, and tabletting or capsule filling. The medicine composition containing febuxostat adopts the solid dispersing technology, overcomes the shortcomings of poor febuxostat solubility and low bioavailability, and unexpectedly has good stability. The production process is simple and can be used in industrial production.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a contacting material for invigoration, useful for improving the health of family and connubial harmony to increase the offspring, free from side action and suitable for a person necessitating the consultation with a doctor in the case of taking a peroral drug having a side action risk and a person to prefer the plaster to oral administration owing to the poor liver action or the feeling of difficulty in taking a drug by oral administration.  <P>SOLUTION: A material having high elasticity and stretchability is kneaded with particles free from photocatalytic action, etc., and the mixture is formed in the form of a part of a male or female wear. Since the product is closely contactable with the skin, it has strong permeation effect of ions, etc., into the skin to quickly invigorate the body. The ion, etc., have blood flow increasing action in the body and the invigorating speed depends upon the contacting part of the body, however, the activity is increased by about 50% within 20-30 min. Since the compounded component such as ionic mineral is included by kneading, it is resistant to falling off, has high durability and is durable over a long period owing to the easy cleanability of dirt. It is free from side action and freely usable in contrast with a drug for peroral administration.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO