anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The investigators will conduct a single blind, randomized controlled pilot trial to test the differential effects of an eight-week (16 lesson) Sensory Enhanced Aquatics intervention and standard swim lessons on attainment of swimming and water safety skills of autistic children. Investigators will enroll 50 autistic children aged 5-9 years who will be randomized 1:1 by minimization to either the Sensory Enhanced Aquatics intervention or standard swim lessons to minimize imbalanced group allocation by autism severity and baseline swim skill. Aim 1 will compare the effects of Sensory Enhanced Aquatics to standard swimming lessons on swimming and water safety skills of autistic children with a swim test based on Red Cross water competency guidelines. Aim 2 will assess which participant characteristics (e.g., age, motor ability, autism severity) are associated with the highest post-intervention swim skills and water safety across both groups to inform who benefits most from swim instruction. Child sex and co-occurring motor impairment will be considered as potential covariates. Data will be collected before swim lessons and after 8 weeks of Sensory Enhanced Aquatics or standard lessons. The investigators hypothesize children in both groups will demonstrate improvement in swimming and water safety skills with greater improvements in the Sensory Enhanced Aquatics group; autism severity and motor ability will have the greatest associations with swim skill in both groups. Our exploratory aim will employ post-intervention semi-structured interviews to explore child, parent, and instructor perspectives about instructional methods most effective for developing swimming and water-safety among autistic children. The information obtained from this study will improve our understanding of the best strategies for swim instruction for autistic children and support our long-term goal to make Sensory Enhanced Aquatics scalable on the national level to prevent drowning of autistic children.
The clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis (AD) and chronic nodular prurigo (CNPG) include pruritus and eczema/lesions, posing significant challenges for patients. Th2 cells and ILC2, marked by cytokine production-particularly IL-4/13-are crucial therapeutic targets. Despite displaying a dose-dependent lack of pruritus induction post-injection, IL-13 acts through the IL-13Rα1 and IL-13Rα2 receptor system. Our study focused on investigating ex vivo skin biopsies in AD (n = 17), CNPG (n = 14) and healthy controls (HC; n = 10), examining the gene expression landscape of interleukins linked with pruritus (IL-13, IL-4, IL-31) and their corresponding receptors. Compared to HC, results revealed a significant upregulation of IL-4, IL-13, and IL-13RA1 in AD, whereas CNPG did not show increased IL13 expression. Notably, the decoy receptor IL-13RA2 displayed intriguing patterns, with AD showing a marked increase compared to both HC and CNPG. Positive correlations between receptor expression and itch intensity and hyperkinesis sensation underscore clinical relevance, potentially serving as biomarkers. The findings suggest a pivotal role of IL-4 and IL-13, along with IL-13RA1, in pruritus pathogenesis in both entities, while IL-13 upregulation in AD is countered by IL-13RA2. The comparable expression of IL-13RA2 to HC in CNPG suggests the absence of this regulatory mechanism, potentially worsening the disease and leading to prolonged scratching behavior. These insights illuminate the intricate interplay of interleukins and receptors in different pruritus phenotypes, laying the groundwork for understanding underlying mechanisms and offering avenues for therapeutic intervention.
BACKGROUND: Viral or atypical bacterial respiratory infections are involved in the new development and the pathogenesis of asthma. Though an association between pertussis and asthma has been expected, few studies have reported it consistently. We assessed the prevalence and clinical relevance of pertussis infection in adult patients with asthma.
METHODS: In this prospective, cross-sectional study, newly referred, adult patients with asthma (n = 107) and with non-asthmatic subacute/chronic cough (n = 31) were enrolled. The prevalence of pertussis in patients with asthma and in those with non-asthmatic subacute/chronic cough was assessed. Next, the prevalence of newly diagnosed asthma was compared between asthmatic patients with and without pertussis. Finally, demographic characteristics of patients, blood test results, pulmonary function test results, and questionnaire scores were compared between the two patient groups.
RESULTS: The prevalence of pertussis infection was significantly higher in patients with asthma than in those with non-asthmatic subacute/chronic cough (36% vs 10%; P = 0.004). The prevalence of newly diagnosed asthma was significantly higher in asthmatic patients with pertussis than in those without (74.4% vs 50.0%; P = 0.014). The physical, psychological, and total scores of the Leicester Cough Questionnaire were significantly lower in asthmatic patients with pertussis than in those without (all P < 0.05). The acid-reflux, dyspeptic, and total scores of the Frequency Scale for Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) (FSSG) were significantly higher in asthmatic patients with pertussis than in those without (all P ≤ 0.05). The FSSG acid-reflux score was negatively correlated with the cough-specific quality of life (QOL) score only in asthmatic patients with pertussis (rho = -0.68, P = 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of pertussis infection was significantly higher in adult patients with asthma than in those with non-asthmatic subacute/chronic cough. In patients with asthma, comorbid pertussis infection may play a role in newly diagnosed asthma and may contribute to impaired cough-specific QOL partly due to worsening acid-reflux symptoms of GERD.
Historical cohort of young women 18-24 years old recruited by Lazcano et. al. receiving a standard vaccination schedule (0-1-6 months). 500 subjects were recruited.
Falls and fall-associated fractures have a big medical burden on our societies. Older persons who suffer from a fall that leads to a trauma and fracture often loose functional capacity. They may have prolonged mobility problems and are at risk for long-term care or nursing home institutionalization. To date, measures to prevent such negative outcomes are early mobilization and functional physical or occupational therapy immediately following orthopedic surgery. In addition, patients usually are asked to train at home after hospital discharge. This can be achieved by a home training program or by ambulatory physical therapy. Recent technological development has introduced computerized training and gaming platforms into geriatric rehabilitation settings and home exercise training. Games that have been developed for a younger population have now been adapted to the needs of older persons. A recent systematic review has demonstrated that such platforms. for example Wii significantly improve balance and therefore have the potential to prevent falls\]. However to date such platforms have not been evaluated in a defined geriatric hospital patient population (e.g. after a hip fracture) as an adjunct to in-hospital physical therapy. Thus, such platforms could be offered as an additional training opportunity.
Quantitative sensory testing will be completed and current pain levels obtained. 20-minutes of immersive virtual reality will be completed, and then complete quantitative sensory testing again. We will compare pre-IVR quantitative sensory testing with post IVR levels.
As per World Health Organization (WHO), 13% of adolescents worldwide experience a mental disorder. Also, depression, anxiety, and other behavioral disorders are leading causes of mortality and disability in this age bracket. The advent of the pandemic has further worsened the mental health situation in adolescents. If the increasing burden of mental health issues is not addressed in adolescence, they can culminate into established mental disorders extending to adulthood, impairing overall wellbeing and limiting opportunities. In order to cater to mental health issues in adolescents at an early stage, we aim to develop a smartphone application for the reduction of depression and anxiety symptoms in school-going adolescents aged 12-18 years.

Also, we plan to assess the effectiveness of the smartphone application via a cluster randomized controlled trial. The curated smartphone application will have two modules: Chill zone and sleep; Chill zone will comprise of 9 sub-modules and sleep 5 sub-modules. The 9 sub-modules of the Chill zone will be as follows; meditation, breathing techniques, family time, art time, funny sayings, reframe stress and relax, diet and cooking tips, mini-courses, and how to become better. The sub-modules of sleep will be winding down, sleep music, storytelling, nature sounds, and beautiful nature. Each module will be designed to be completed on separate days with daily push notifications.

Once the application is designed, the trial will be conducted in schools of Karachi. The intervention and control arm will have two schools with 50 students/school from grades 6-10. The total sample size will be 200 students. A two-stage cluster sampling with stratification on school type (government or private) will be employed to select schools and recruit students. Participants allocated to the intervention arm will be given mental health intervention, and the students in the control arm will be given educational leaflets. PHQ-A, GAD-7, and WHO depression wellbeing scale for assessing depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and wellbeing will be used at baseline, 1 month, and three months. Generalized estimating equation, will be used to compare mean scores of depression, anxiety and wellbeing scores between both arms.
Background: Patellar tendinopathy is an overuse injury associated with loading activities, and it is thought to be caused by repetitive force applied to the patellar tendon. Patellar tendinopathy is popular among basketball and volleyball players, particularly in men. Although altered biomechanical characteristics during landing has been suggested as one of the risk factors for the development of patellar tendinopathy, previous evidence failed to show the link between the sagittal plane biomechanics of the hip and knee joint and patellar tendinopathy; and little was known about the frontal and horizontal plane biomechanics in athletes with patellar tendinopathy. Among those factors contributing to the biomechanical characteristics, hip and quadriceps strength were shown linked with the presence of patellar tendinopathy, while other factors such as motor control or muscle activation have not been explored fully. The purpose of this study is to compare hip motor control and biomechanical characteristics of the hip and knee joint during landing in athletes with and without symptomatic patellar tendinopathy. The investigators hypothesize that the athletes with symptomatic patellar tendinopathy have poorer motor control and different landing biomechanics as compared with asymptomatic athletes.

Method: the investigators plan to recruit seventeen symptomatic patellar tendinopathy athletes for the experimental group, using demographic data (sex, age, height, weight, exercise type) of experimental group to match seventeen non-symptomatic athletes as control group. The assessment included hip motor control in various directions, and measurement of kinetics, kinematics and muscle activation during the step-down task, drop vertical jump and countermovement jump using the computer-aided video motion analysis system (Vicon) and the surface EMG (Delsys). The group difference will be tested using Mann-Whitney U test for the score of motor control test battery, and MANOVA for the biomechanical characteristics. The significant level was set at 0.05.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new vascularization inhibitor having an activities to inhibit growth and migration of an endothelial cell of a human capillary vessel and to inhibit formation of lumen, and useful for prevention and treatment of rheumatic arthritis, etc., by including an imidazole derivative having a specific structure or its salt as an active ingredient. SOLUTION: This vascularization inhibitor includes an imidazole derivative of formula I [one of A and B is a group of formula II (R<1> is H, a halogen, etc.; R<2> and R<3> are each H, a lower alkoxy, etc.; R<4> and R<5> are each H or a 1-3C alkyl) and the other is a carbamoyl group] or its salt as an active ingredient. The compound of formula I is exemplified by (E)-5(4)-(3- methoxycinnamoylamino)imidazole-4(5)-carboxamide hydrogen chloride salt. The compound of formula I is, for example, obtained by reacting a cinnamic acid derivative of formula III (R<10> is H, a protected mono and lower alkyl substituted amine, etc.) with an aminoimidazole derivative of formula IV (one of P and Q is an amino group and the other is a carbamoyl group) in the presence of a base in an inert solvent.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound shown by the formula [R<1> is (alkyloxy-substituted) lower alkyl; X is CO or SO2; -Y- is direct bond, lower alkylene or (substituted) vinylene; R<2> is (substituted)phenyl or naphthyl], an ester and a salt thereof. EXAMPLE:O-Methyl-N-(4-methylcinnamoyl)-L-tyrosine. USE:An agent for providing a drug such as insulin with absorption characteristics or enhancing absorption capacity. When the titled derivative is administered together with a drug activator, the activity is increased and oral or parenteral absorption is helped. PREPARATION:A compound shown by the formula is obtained by N-acylation reaction and salt-forming process according to a conventional procedure. The compound shown by the formula exhibits not only effects as an absorption imparter or an absorption enhancer but also inhibitory effects on trypsin and/or chymotrypsin, enzyme to hydrolyze insulin. The compound is expected to be an absorption imparter having high safety even in long-term continuous insulin therapy in diabetes.
Patients at a lower level of clinical risk for HNSCC and not scheduled for an immediate biopsy. Patients will be offered medical management and have an initial RAPID test. All patients will return within 1-3 months for follow-up test and a possible biopsy if clinically indicated.
The NLRP3 inflammasome functions as an inflammatory driver, but its relationship with lipid metabolic changes in early sepsis remains unclear. Here, we found that GITR expression in monocytes/macrophages was induced by lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and was positively correlated with the severity of sepsis. GITR is a costimulatory molecule that is mainly expressed on T cells, but its function in macrophages is largely unknown. Our in vitro data showed that GITR enhanced LPC uptake by macrophages and specifically enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated macrophage pyroptosis. Furthermore, in vivo studies using either cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) or LPS-induced sepsis models demonstrated that LPC exacerbated sepsis severity/lethality, while conditional knockout of GITR in myeloid cells or NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β deficiency attenuated sepsis severity/lethality. Mechanistically, GITR specifically enhanced inflammasome activation by regulating the posttranslational modification (PTM) of NLRP3. GITR competes with NLRP3 for binding to the E3 ligase MARCH7 and recruits MARCH7 to induce deacetylase SIRT2 degradation, leading to decreasing ubiquitination but increasing acetylation of NLRP3. Overall, these findings revealed a novel role of macrophage-derived GITR in regulating the PTM of NLRP3 and systemic inflammatory injury, suggesting that GITR may be a potential therapeutic target for sepsis and other inflammatory diseases. GITR exacerbates LPC-induced macrophage pyroptosis in sepsis via posttranslational regulation of NLRP3. According to the model, LPC levels increase during the early stage of sepsis, inducing GITR expression on macrophages. GITR not only competes with NLRP3 for binding to the E3 ligase MARCH7 but also recruits MARCH7 to induce the degradation of the deacetylase SIRT2, leading to decreasing ubiquitination but increasing acetylation of NLRP3 and therefore exacerbating LPC-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation, macrophage pyroptosis and systemic inflammatory injury.
Chronic pain in the elderly is becoming increasingly important and is associated with serious health impacts. Therefore, international guidelines demand that pain therapy for the elderly preferably be a multimodal therapy based on a bio-psycho-social pain model. Specific psychometric tests and interview guidelines are available for the interdisciplinary pain assessment. Evidence for the effectiveness of multimodal pain therapy in the elderly remains limited. However, controlled clinical trials have shown that these patients benefit-especially if the intervention is adapted to their specific needs. The focus of movement therapy is not only muscle strengthening but also coordination exercises. In individual physical therapy and occupational therapy, everyday solutions can be developed for individual physical limitations that are more frequent in old age. In psychological training, pain acceptance, balancing rest and activity, social integration and dealing with aging are particularly important topics. Relaxation and mindfulness techniques can also favorably affect pain and function. Thus, these are popular with patients and are often adopted in everyday pain management. Pain education is considered useful as an adjunctive measure and can also be increasingly supported by digital media in the elderly. Complementary therapy components include confrontational treatment of fear-avoidance beliefs (the German AMIKA scale, Ältere Menschen in körperlicher Aktion, "older people in physical action") and naturopathic applications as an active self-help strategy. Since it is unclear how long the achieved therapeutic effects last, follow-up care is of particular importance in therapy for older patients.
The device is worn on the upper calf right below the knee and secured by an elastic band. The device is controlled by an App and alternates between treatment periods and rest periods. Participants will be asked to wear the device 7-8 hours per day alternating legs.
Subjects that had worn contacts for at least two weeks without incident were selected. A baseline HRT was performed.Trial contacts lenses were soaked in ReNu contact solution for 10 hours. After 10 hours of the lenses soaking in ReNu the subject returned. The contacts were inserted onto the patients eyes. The patient then wore the contacts for two hours. After two hours the contacts lenses were removed. An HRT both with and without sodium fluorescein was performed immediately after removing the contact lenses.The HRT scans were analyzed for dendritic cell migration, basal cell epithelial density and nerve density and tortuosity.
FIELD: immunology.SUBSTANCE: present group of inventions relates to immunology. Disclosed is a bispecific antigen-binding molecule that activates T cells. It includes the first and second antigen-binding parts. The first antigen-binding part can be specifically connected with CD3. The second antigen-binding part can be connected with folate receptor 1 (FolR1). Both parts contain the same light chain. Also disclosed are polynucleotide encoding the molecule, vector, host cell, method for obtaining the molecule, polypeptides, pharmaceutical composition, the use of the molecule for the preparation of a drug, and a method for treating FolR1-positive cancer.EFFECT: present group of inventions can be used for therapy of diseases associated with FolR1.47 cl, 43 dwg, 46 tbl, 48 ex
BACKGROUND: In Saudi Arabia (SA), there has been an alarming increase in the prevalence of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) over the last three decades. Despite being one of the largest countries in the Middle East, renal conditions remain understudied, and there is limited data on their epidemiology and outcomes in SA.
OBJECTIVES: To document the experience of establishing a local renal registry assessing the epidemiology of CKD and identifying potential areas for improving the quality and delivery of care for CKD patients.
METHODS: This is a multi-center retrospective registry. Potential participants were identified through the ICD-10 codes from five hospitals serving the National Guard affiliates in SA. Patients aged ≥ 18 years treated in any National Guard hospital since 2010 for glomerulonephritis, CKD, or received hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or renal transplant were enrolled. Once enrolled in the registry, patients were followed to the last visit date. RedCap was used to create and host the online registry platform.
RESULTS: A total of 2,912 patients were included, and more than half were younger than 60 years old. Two-thirds of the patients were overweight (25%) or obese (37%). Glomerulonephritis was diagnosed in 10% of the patients, and dialysis-dependent and kidney transplant patients accounted for 31.4% and 24.4%, respectively. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were detected among 52% and 43% of the participants, respectively. Hemodialysis was the most prevalent dialysis method, with patients spending 3.6 ± 0.4 h per session to receive this treatment. One in every five participants had a kidney biopsy taken (21%). Several barriers and facilitators of the success of this registry were identified.
CONCLUSIONS: The KIND registry provides much-needed information about CKD in Saudi Arabia and serves as a model for future projects investigating the natural history and progression of the spectrum of renal diseases. Logistic and financial challenges to the sustainability of registries are identified and discussed.