anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
An expert system incorporates multiple virtual-agent experts, each trained in a particular field or domain. When a user enters a block of input, an interactive front-end infers the semantic meaning of the input and creates a chat-table record that stores the inferred meaning and other characteristics of the input. A distributed virtual-assistant manager (DVAM) module uses that record to identify the domain of the input and, after retrieving cross-reference information stored in a virtual-assistant intent (VAI) table, selects a virtual-agent expert trained in the identified domain. If necessary, the DVAM directs the front-end to seamlessly switch the user to the newly selected expert. As the session continues, the system continues to dynamically switch the user to different experts as the session traverses different domains. The system may also consider the domain history of the entire session when selecting a domain.
Throat symptoms are common complaints for many patients. Some symptoms are thought to be attributable to laryngopharyngeal reflux (i.e. the reflux of stomach acid to the level of the larynx). It is unclear what role laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) has in producing throat symptoms and its relationship to laryngeal pathology. LPR may be more carefully diagnosed if knowledge could be obtained regarding the presence of esophageal manifestations of reflux of stomach acid. Although LPR may occur in the absence of esophageal manifestations, the presence may make this diagnosis more probable. If so, therapy can be more carefully directed.

Using a flexible endoscope, otolaryngologists perform transnasal flexible laryngoscopy. This requires only topical anesthesia and occurs in the clinic setting. The small caliber transnasal esophagoscope was developed in recent years and is performed in a similar manner. It can provide key information regarding esophageal pathology. This obviates the need for administration of anesthesia (i.e. other than the topical, non-sedating agent). Transnasal flexible laryngoscopy is considered to be the standard of care for evaluation of the larynx. Transnasal esophagoscopy is an extension of this standard of care.

There are a number of studies demonstrating the safety and utility of transnasal esophagoscopy in humans. Typically these studies are composed of retrospectively on a select group of patients. Additionally the TNE findings are reviewed by one medical discipline. This study will be the first prospective analysis of TNE in which the findings will be reviewed in a multidisciplinary manner (i.e. otolaryngologists and gastroenterologist). Also, the population involved will be more general than previous studies, representing a myriad of throat symptoms.
The invention belongs to the technical field of medicaments, and in particular relates to a medicine for treating urinary tract infection. The main active component of the medicine disclosed by the invention is polysaccharide extracted from caryophyllaceae vaccaria segetalis (Neck.) Garcke. The polysaccharide in the invention is from vaccaria segetalis (Neck.) Garcke seeds. A method for preparing the vaccaria segetalis (Neck.) Garcke polysaccharide and vaccaria segetalis (Neck.) Garcke polysaccharide medicine composition provided by the invention is simple and effective, and capable of being prepared into a variety of common oral forms, such as solid, liquid and the like. The medicine disclosed by the invention is mainly used for treating the urinary tract infection as well as frequent micturition, urgent urination and odynuria caused by diabetes. Compared with the traditional medicines, the medicine disclosed by the invention has an obvious curative effect, low recurrence rate and no toxic and side effects, and the product quality is stable and controllable.
Tabalumab given Week 0 as a loading dose of 240 mg given as two SC injections each of 120 mg followed by 120 mg SC injections every two weeks for 12 weeks. Participants may continue to on this treatment regimen for 52 weeks.
PURPOSE: A composition containing Nardostachyos Rhizoma extract is provided to suppress brain cancer cell proliferation and to prevent and treat brain cancer. CONSTITUTION: A composition for preventing and treating brain cancer contains Nardostachyos Rhizoma ethanol extract as an active ingredient. The ethanol extract is prepared by extracting Nardostachyos Rhizoma using ethanol at 50 Deg. C. for 24 hours and concentrating at 45 Deg. C. The composition also contains pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent. A cosmetic composition for preventing brain cancer contains the ethanol extract containing cosmetically acceptable additive.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Older populations are inherently more vulnerable to such conditions. Older African American (AA) populations living in rural areas are disproportionately affected by CVD, which has been shown to cause an increased risk for mortality in this population. Evidence suggests using lifestyle Physical activity programs to prevent CVD risk factors, which can decrease the morbidity and mortality rates associated with these health conditions. There are limited resources and healthcare services available to these populations, especially those living in Alabama's black belt. Therefore, this research project proposes conducting a phased mixed-methods study to collect data from rural AA older adults. These data are the critical first step towards developing a culturally sensitive, accessible, and acceptable intervention that addresses their needs and risk factors, incorporates their preferences, and mitigates identified barriers, which will be tested for feasibility and acceptability in this pilot study. The aims for this study are Aim 1: Through survey and interviews, assess: i) the knowledge and perceptions of AA older adults living in rural Alabama regarding CVD-related risk factors; ii) the needs/existing resources and access barriers for a community-based physical activity program; iii) the perceptions about a proposed intervention and its components, method of delivery, time/effort, and incentives; and iv) the cultural preferences regarding recruitment strategies, treatment strategies, and incentives. Aim2a: Based on the findings of Aim 1, develop a PA program for improving CVD-related risk factors among older AA populations living in rural Alabama. Aim2b: To examine the feasibility and acceptability of delivering a PA program (developed in Aim 2a) among the older AA populations living in rural Alabama. The enhanced program would enable AA older populations to prevent and manage CVD-related risk factors. It will also help in filling the gap of health disparity between AAs and other ethnicities.
PURPOSE:The titled fatty emulsion useful as an agent for circulatory organs, having durability of actions, capable of carrying out effective remedy with a small amount of dose because of focus selectivity, containing a stable, specific prostaglandin I2 as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:A fatty emulsion containing a PGI2 shown by the formula I (X is O or methine; Y is C; Z is methylene or methine; R<1> is H or alkyl; R<2> is H or F; R<3> is 1-10C alkyl or cycloalkyl; when X is methine, X-Y bond is double bond and Z is methylene). An isocarbacyclin shown by the formula II (R<2>'=H) or a 7-fluoroprostacyclin is especially preferable as the PGI2 shown by the formula I. The content of the PGI2 in the fatty emulsion is sufficiently 1mg-0.2mug/ml. By sealing the stable PGI2 in the fatty emulsion, the action of the agent can be prolonged and clinical effects can be enhanced. Especially preferable is intravenous administration.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, namely to pediatrics, in particular to physical training of 7-10 years old children in school conditions. For this purpose during lesson of physical training exercises are performed in conditions of saturation of gymnasium with sea water aerosol. Selection of physical exercises is performed depending of season. In autumn season period exercises developing endurance, constitute 30-40% from total number of exercises. In winter period exercises developing speed-force abilities constitute not less than 30% of total number; exercises, developing flexibility constitute not less than 20%; exercises developing coordination abilities constitute not less than 30%. In spring period exercises developing speed abilities correspond 30-40% of total number of exercises. Saturation of gymnasium with sea water aerosol is performed in two stages. First stage is carried out at the end of autumn and beginning of winter period in course of final part of each lesson, 4 minutes long, increasing this time after each four lessons by 2 minutes until 8-10 minutes duration is achieved. Second stage is carried out at the end of winter period and beginning of spring period in the course of main part of lesson with 10 minutes duration, gradually increasing this time after each four lessons by 5 minutes until 5-35 minutes duration 2 is achieved. Saturation of gymnasium with sea water aerosol is realised during 15-17 days in each period. Multivitamin complex is additionally introduced at the end of the lesson after saturation of gymnasium with sea water aerosol. ^ EFFECT: method ensures essential improvement of state of health of children of primary school age, prevention of diseases of upper airways, improvement of parameters of physical fitness and functional parameters of main systems of organism. ^ 6 cl, 4 dwg, 6 tbl, 2 ex
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stock solution for making foam (a mass of fine bubbles) chiefly utilized in the fields of cosmetics, qausi-drugs, domestic articles, and sundries.  <P>SOLUTION: Casein is adopted as a foaming agent of a natural origin. A research experiment has determined conditions for making good foam by using casein. The stock solution is applicable by a pump foamer or as an aerosol when it has a casein concentration in the range of 0.1 to 20wt.%. The addition of 0.01 to 5 wt.% aliphatic higher alcohol/aliphatic higher fatty acid and 0.4 to 25 wt.% 2-6C monohydric or polyhydric alcohol is effective to improve the properties of the foam.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
PURPOSE: To obtain a novel compds. which is useful as a therapeutic medicine for the memory disorder, cerebral aging disorder, obesity, etc., and are usable as a weak tranquilizer at the time of the treatment of a stimulation reactive state and excitation state.  
     CONSTITUTION: A compd. of formula I [Y is an N atom, C atom having substituent Z (Z is H, a halogen, etc.); X is a 3 to 6 C cycloalkyl, H; R is H, a 1 to 5 C alkyl, etc.; when X is H, Y is an N atom] and its salts; for example, 7- cyclopropyl-5,6-dihydro-5-methyl-6-oxo-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepin-3- ylcyclopropylmethanone. The compd. is which X are H, Y are the each N are obtd. by bringing a compd. of formula II into reaction with a magnesium deriv. of a compd. of formula III (Hal is a halogen) to obtain a compd. of formula IV, then oxidizing the obtained compd. preferably by manganese dioxide. 
     COPYRIGHT: (C)1992,JPO
This study is a randomized controlled trial. There will be two randomly assigned groups of obese or overweight adolescents (WHO definition). Both groups will be enrolled in a 12 week weight reduction program which includes personal nutritional evaluation and food plan and exercise routine. Follow-up appointments will be held every 3 weeks. One group will be encouraged to update their Facebook status at least once a day, regarding their healthy lifestyle changes (exercise routine, healthy food choice, "checking-in" at the wellness center, kilograms lost, etc). The control group will be asked not to share information about their program on Facebook for 12 weeks. Facebook follow-up will be held by the investigators on the study's Facebook account. Teenagers will be thoroughly explained on how to set the account to a limited profile if they want to. At the end of the program both groups will be compared regarding weight loss and mean BMI.
All subjects will receive durvalumab (1500 mg IV q4week) and tremelimumab (75mg q4week) for 4 doses, followed by durvalumab alone (1500 mg IV q4week) until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or patient withdrawal. SBRT will be administered between cycle 2 and 3 of durvalumab and tremelimumab. All SBRT will be completed within a 3-week period.
Patients with special backgrounds such as organ dysfunction, elderly individuals, children, and pregnant or nursing women in whom the pharmacokinetics of an agent are expected to differ from those observed in the general patient population, are referred to as "special populations." Administration of drug therapy to these patients warrants close attention to and knowledge of altered pharmacokinetics to design appropriate personalized dosing regimens. In this study, we investigated the effects of hypothermia and renal impairment on drug pharmacokinetics, focusing on tissue distribution. Analysis of the effects of hypothermia on local liver kinetics of drugs revealed decreased activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Furthermore, we investigated in vivo drug pharmacokinetics and observed that blood drug concentrations increased with a decrease in the body temperature. However, the tissue concentration of midazolam (MDZ) remained unchanged even with a decrease in body temperature, which indicates reduced tissue transfer of MDZ. With regard to the effect of renal impairment, blood concentration of MDZ decreased in patients with acute renal failure and increased in those with chronic renal failure. However, MDZ clearance was decreased in patients with chronic renal failure owing to decreased expression of hepatic metabolic enzymes and reduced hepatic blood flow. This study highlights that tissue translocation of drugs differs across special populations and that optimization of drug administration based on the prediction of tissue concentrations is important.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new compound useful in treating attack deuteropathy, cardiac insufficiency deuteropathyl, arthrosis deformans, chronic arthrorheumatism, cancers including ovarian cancer and lung cancer, etc. SOLUTION: This new compound is a compound of formula I (R1 is H, a 1-8C alkyl, 3-8C alkenyl or the like; R2 is H, a 1-4C alkyl, phenyl or the like; R3 and R4 are each NO2, Br, Cl, or the like; R5 is H or F; R6 is H, Cl or CH3), pref. 4-fluoro-2-(4-iodo-2-methyl-phenylamino)benzenesulfonic acid or the like. The compound of formula I is obtained by reaction between a compound of formula II and a compound of the formula NHR2OR1 in CH2Cl2 in the presence of triethylamine followed by reaction of the reaction product, pref. in tetrahydrofuran at -78 deg.C, with a lithium anilide prepared from a compound of formula III. This compound of formula I is also useful in treating e.g. proliferative diseases including psoriasis, restenosis and autoimmune diseases.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of combined treatment with prednisone and methotrexate (MTX) versus prednisone alone over laboratory parameters in giant cell arteritis (GCA).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial about usefulness of treatment with prednisone and MTX versus prednisone and placebo in GCA (Ann Intern Med 2001;134:106-114). As a part of follow-up of patients (n=42), we performed laboratory analysis in 20 time points during the two-year period of follow-up. To analyze differences, we calculated the area under the curve (AUC) for erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), hemoglobin, and platelets, and compared the results in both groups adjusting by time of follow-up, existence of relapses and dose of prednisone.
RESULTS: A total of 724 laboratory measurements were done. Median value of ESR was 33 [18-56] in patients with placebo and 26 [15-44] in patients with MTX (P=0.0002). No significant differences were observed in ESR during relapses. The mean ESR value followed a parallel course in both groups, but was lower in the group with MTX than in the group with placebo in 18 of 20 time points of follow-up. The AUC of ESR by time of follow-up was 28,461.7±12,326 in the group with placebo and 19,598.4±8,117 in the group with MTX (mean difference 8,863, 95% CI 1.542-16.184; P=0.019). The course of other laboratory parameters paralleled, without statistical significance, those observed for ESR.
CONCLUSIONS: These data, along with clinical data, suggest that MTX might play a role as a disease-modifying agent in the treatment of GCA.
The method of providing post-partum treatment for enhancing comfort, physical and psychological well-being includes the application of multiple therapeutic treatments to a patient, in order to provide pleasing, psychologically uplifting and beneficial treatment for the combat and alleviation of post-partum mood disorders, such as depression and anxiety. The patient is first transported from a first location to a treatment center. The treatment center includes a plurality of treatment stations, each being provided for providing distinct therapy to the patient. The patient is then seated in a mobile chair within the treatment center and a first therapy is performed on the patient in the mobile chair. The patient is transported, from treatment station to treatment station, within the mobile chair, thus reducing stress and strain on the patient during the treatments. Following treatment, the patient is transported back to the first location.
Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy has had a substantial impact on the treatment of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), the leading cause of vision loss in older adults. Despite treatment, many patients with nAMD still develop severe and irreversible visual impairment because of the development of subretinal fibrosis. We recently reported the anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic effects of inhibiting the gene encoding adenosine receptor 2A (Adora2a), which has been implicated in cardiovascular disease. Here, using two mouse models of subretinal fibrosis (mice with laser injury-induced CNV or mice with a deficiency in the very low-density lipoprotein receptor), we found that deletion of Adora2a either globally or specifically in endothelial cells reduced subretinal fibrosis independently of angiogenesis. We showed that Adora2a-dependent endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition contributed to the development of subretinal fibrosis in mice with laser injury-induced CNV. Deficiency of Adora2a in cultured mouse and human choroidal endothelial cells suppressed induction of the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. A metabolomics analysis of cultured human choroidal endothelial cells showed that ADORA2A knockdown with an siRNA reversed the increase in succinate because of decreased succinate dehydrogenase B expression under fibrotic conditions. Pharmacological inhibition of ADORA2A with a small-molecule KW6002 in both mouse models recapitulated the reduction in subretinal fibrosis observed in mice with genetic deletion of Adora2a. ADORA2A inhibition may be a therapeutic approach to treat subretinal fibrosis associated with nAMD.
The efficacy of AUVELITY for the treatment of MDD in adults was demonstrated in a placebo-controlled clinical study (Study 1, NCT04019704) and confirmatory evidence which included a second study comparing AUVELITY to bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets (Study 2, NCT03595579).) 

In Study 1, adult patients (18 to 65 years of age) who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria for MDD were randomized to receive AUVELITY (45 mg of dextromethorphan hydrobromide and 105 mg of bupropion hydrochloride) twice daily (N=156) or placebo twice daily (N=162) for 6 weeks. Patients in Study 1 had a median age of 41 years and were 67% female, 55% Caucasian, 35% Black, and 5% Asian.

The primary outcome measure was the change from baseline to Week 6 in the total score of the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). The MADRS is a clinician-rated scale used to assess the severity of depressive symptoms. Patients are rated on 10 items to assess feelings of sadness, inner tension, reduced sleep or appetite, difficulty concentrating, lassitude, lack of interest, pessimism, and suicidality. Scores on the MADRS range from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more severe depression. AUVELITY was statistically significantly superior to placebo in improvement of depressive symptoms as measured by decrease in MADRS total score at Week 6 (see Table 4).

The change from baseline in MADRS total score by week in Study 1 is displayed in Figure 3. The change in MADRS total score from baseline to Week 1 and from baseline to Week 2 were pre-specified secondary efficacy endpoints. The difference between AUVELITY and placebo in change from baseline in MADRS total score was statistically significant at Week 1 and at Week 2.

Figure 3: Change from Baseline in MADRS Total Score by Week (Study 1)

SE = Standard Error

Examination of demographic subgroups by age, sex, and race did not suggest differences in response.

In Study 2, patients with MDD were randomized to receive AUVELITY or bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets 105 mg twice daily for 6 weeks. The primary outcome measure was calculated by assessing the change from baseline in total MADRS score at each on-site visit from Week 1 to Week 6 and then taking the average of those scores. The results of the study demonstrated that dextromethorphan contributes to the antidepressant properties of AUVELITY.
Since the first recommendation for HPV vaccination in Germany (2007), a rising number of projects aiming to increase HPV vaccination coverage in Germany have been conducted. From October 2019 to February 2020, we systematically searched for data (project description, evaluation reports) on projects in Germany that aimed to increase HPV vaccination rates. The aim was to provide a comprehensive overview of these projects (duration, implementing organisation, target group/addressees, setting, strategies, reach) and to gain insights for optimising future projects. The inventory of these projects shows that most of the projects focused on the education of children, adolescents and parents, as well as on the training of medical staff. The school was the main setting for education. Rarely were the recorded projects conducted on a long-term and comprehensive basis. It was not possible to make a statement about the impact of the different projects within the framework of this review, as evaluation reports were not available for most of the projects. To optimise the impact on increasing HPV vaccination rates, future projects should be planned on a long-term and nationwide basis. They should also be evaluated to improve the quality and effectiveness of the projects.
Women randomized to the PTNS will be scheduled for sessions once weekly for 30 minutes, for 12 weeks total. The patient sits reclined with their legs elevated on a foot rest. After alcohol swab, a 34 gauge needle is inserted percutaneously 5 cm cephalad to the medial malleolus of the right or left ankle (patient's choice) at a 60 degree angle. A surface electrode is placed on the medial ipsilateral heel. The needle and electrode are connected to a low voltage (9V) electrical stimulator. Stimulation current with a fixed frequency of 20 Hz and a pulse width of 200 μsec is increased until flexion of the big toe or fanning of all toes visualized, or until the woman reports a tingling sensation across the heel or sole of the foot. The current is then set to the highest level of tolerable to the patient (0-10 mA) and then she undergoes therapy for 30 minutes.