anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Wait-list design Intervention. Bright Light Therapy with 10000 lux beginning at day 63 until day 84, when the 9 study weeks were over.
According to the National Center for Learning Disabilities (NCLD), approximately 2.3 million children in the United States have learning differences (LD) such as dyslexia or ADHD. Despite improvement in educational interventions such as resource-room services and instructional styles, the availability of services to help these children and their families cope, adapt, and maintain quality of life (QOL) is inadequate. In particular, children with LD are especially at high risk for negative consequences, including both physical and mental health issues compared with typically developing children. Human-animal interactions (HAI) may be a powerful and cost-effective strategy to improve reading fluencies and comprehension of children with LD. Emerging data suggest that HAI help promote classroom behaviors and learning, including effects on cognition, emotional functioning, and motor skills for children with and without LD. Yet, empirical evidence using a rigorous approach to support the effectiveness of HAI with children with or at risk for LD is lacking. Previous studies endorse the effectiveness of HAI in promoting reading abilities and show promise to improve psychosocial outcomes for children, but have focused on typically developing children. No published studies have specifically targeted effects of HAI on children with or at risk for learning differences. More data are needed to substantiate positive effects on reading abilities associated with HAI. The long-term goal of this study is to improve reading abilities and reduce the negative psychological and social sequelae of children with learning differences (LD).
Some plant sensor nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors detect pathogen effectors through their integrated domains (IDs). Rice RGA5 sensor NLR recognizes its corresponding effectors AVR-Pia and AVR1-CO39 from the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae through direct binding to its heavy metal-associated (HMA) ID to trigger the RGA4 helper NLR-dependent resistance in rice. Here, we report a mutant of RGA5 named RGA5HMA5 that confers complete resistance in transgenic rice plants to the M. oryzae strains expressing the noncorresponding effector AVR-PikD. RGA5HMA5 carries three engineered interfaces, two of which lie in the HMA ID and the other in the C-terminal Lys-rich stretch tailing the ID. However, RGA5 variants having one or two of the three interfaces, including replacing all the Lys residues with Glu residues in the Lys-rich stretch, failed to activate RGA4-dependent cell death of rice protoplasts. Altogether, this work demonstrates that sensor NLRs require a concerted action of multiple surfaces within and outside the IDs to both recognize effectors and activate helper NLR-mediated resistance, and has implications in structure-guided designing of sensor NLRs.
In a process for bleaching chemically tanned skin and discolored nails, a bleaching composition is applied to the skin or nails to be bleached or lightened. The applied composition may be left undisturbed or may be rubbed into the skin continuously. The treatment period is about 30 seconds to 10 minutes in the case of skin, and about 5 minutes to 30 minutes in the case of nails. Thereafter the applied composition is removed from the skin or nails by a combination of towel wiping and water rinsing. The bleaching composition may include a bleaching agent comprising hydrogen peroxide and may include an activator comprising ammonium bicarbonate. The bleaching composition may also include an exfoliant comprising fine abrasive particles such as ground walnut shells, pumice or sand.
To report the results of 'responsive' deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Tourette syndrome (TS) in a National Institutes of Health funded experimental cohort. The use of 'brain derived physiology' as a method to trigger DBS devices to deliver trains of electrical stimulation is a proposed approach to address the paroxysmal motor and vocal tic symptoms which appear as part of TS. Ten subjects underwent bilateral staged DBS surgery and each was implanted with bilateral centromedian thalamic (CM) region DBS leads and bilateral M1 region cortical strips. A series of identical experiments and data collections were conducted on three groups of consecutively recruited subjects. Group 1 (n = 2) underwent acute responsive DBS using deep and superficial leads. Group 2 (n = 4) underwent chronic responsive DBS using deep and superficial leads. Group 3 (n = 4) underwent responsive DBS using only the deep leads. The primary outcome measure for each of the 8 subjects with chronic responsive DBS was calculated as the pre-operative baseline Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) motor subscore compared to the 6 month embedded responsive DBS setting. A responder for the study was defined as any subject manifesting a ≥ 30 points improvement on the YGTSS motor subscale. The videotaped Modified Rush Tic Rating Scale (MRVTRS) was a secondary outcome. Outcomes were collected at 6 months across three different device states: no stimulation, conventional open-loop stimulation, and embedded responsive stimulation. The experience programming each of the groups and the methods applied for programming were captured. There were 10 medication refractory TS subjects enrolled in the study (5 male and 5 female) and 4/8 (50%) in the chronic responsive eligible cohort met the primary outcome manifesting a reduction of the YGTSS motor scale of ≥ 30% when on responsive DBS settings. Proof of concept for the use of responsive stimulation was observed in all three groups (acute responsive, cortically triggered and deep DBS leads only). The responsive approach was safe and well tolerated. TS power spectral changes associated with tics occurred consistently in the low frequency 2-10 Hz delta-theta-low alpha oscillation range. The study highlighted the variety of programming strategies which were employed to achieve responsive DBS and those used to overcome stimulation induced artifacts. Proof of concept was also established for a single DBS lead triggering bi-hemispheric delivery of therapeutic stimulation. Responsive DBS was applied to treat TS related motor and vocal tics through the application of three different experimental paradigms. The approach was safe and effective in a subset of individuals. The use of different devices in this study was not aimed at making between device comparisons, but rather, the study was adapted to the current state of the art in technology. Overall, four of the chronic responsive eligible subjects met the primary outcome variable for clinical effectiveness. Cortical physiology was used to trigger responsive DBS when therapy was limited by stimulation induced artifacts.
PURPOSE: Thirst is one of the most bothersome symptoms experienced by surgical patients. Effective thirst intervention and management in the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) and hospital wards is critical because patients are less sedated and more aware than in the past. There is a need to review the literature on the identification and management of thirst in the inpatient and PACU settings. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the available evidence on the effectiveness of oral cold applications on thirst in postoperative patients.
DESIGN: This was a systematic review study. Articles in PUBMED, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, TÜBİTAK-ULAKBİM, and TRDizin databases between January 2008 and January 2023 that included oral cold applications to relieve the thirst of patients in the postoperative period were included.
METHODS: The PICOT-SD (Patients Interventions Comparison Outcome Time-Study Design) method was used as an eligibility criterion for inclusion in the study. The eligibility criteria included that the articles were written in English-Turkish and within the target dates, the studies included nursing interventions, the primary outcome of the studies was thirst, and the study sample included postoperative patients. The risk of bias was assessed using the RoB2 tool developed by Cochrane.
FINDINGS: A total of 254 articles were retrieved from the databases using the specified keywords. 244 articles did not meet the study criteria: 30 were excluded because they were not interventional studies, 61 were not conducted in a postoperative population, 56 were duplicates, and 79 were not on a related topic. A total of 10 studies consisting of randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental articles met the criteria for our review. Oral cold applications effectively reduced the thirst rate of postoperative patients and improved their health-related quality of life. The intervention has also been shown to reduce other anesthesia-related complications.
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review concluded that cold oral applications have promising effects on thirst, dry mouth, and health-related quality of life. Cold oral applications are cost-effective and suitable for large-scale health care applications.
Patients in the intervention group will measure their blood pressure with home blood pressure monitor which is linked to a secured website. Patients will measure as recommended in the European guidelines of hypertension. This includes 2 measurements in the morning and two times in the evening on 7 consecutive days every month. The measurements of the first day will be discarded. These measurements will be forwarded to the web-based system, which will be managed by the nurse practitioner and the research doctor. At least every month patients are contacted about the state of their condition. If needed, antihypertensive medication is added of adjusted by the nurse practitioner or research doctor under the supervision of one consultant physician. Tailored lifestyle advices are given every month.
Participants may be randomized to receive up to 20 outpatient sessions of Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy, provided as an adjunct to community treatment as usual. Intervention sessions begin during pregnancy and continue through 8 weeks postpartum.
Primary aldosteronism (PA), a common curable disease of hypertension, is characterized by inappropriate production of aldosterone, which is at least partially autonomous of the renin-angiotensin system. A recent clinical study reported that patients with PA experience a higher sate of a higher rate of cardiovascular events than those with essential hypertension(Corry and Tuck 2003; Milliez, Girerd et al. 2005). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was higher in primary aldosteronism than in essential hypertension was also reported (Fallo, Veglio et al. 2006). The wide applying of the plasma aldosterone/plasma rennin activity (ARR) as a screening test among hypertensive patients have reported a much higher prevalence of this disease, up to 12% of hypertensive patients. In the past decade, an increase in diagnosis rate of PA has been observed in National Taiwan University Hospital, with an average of 15-20 newly diagnosis cases every year.

Idiopathic bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (BAH) and aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) are the leading causes of primary aldosteronism. Unilateral adrenalectomy is the reasonable therapeutic option of APA and aldosterone antagonists usually brings about well blood pressure (BP) control in BAH. Not every APA patient would accept operation because of other medical conditions, or the cure rate of hypertension in APA after adrenalectomy is 50-70% in most studies. For patients with BAH, aldosterone antagonists are the first choice of treatment, however, intolerance to high dose of these medications is not uncommon. To our best knowledge, there is no alternative treatment for these patients.

Dopaminergic regulation of aldosterone secretion has been well demonstrated in normal subjects as well as patients with PA. We have shown that D2 receptor can down-regulate the transcription of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) via a specific PKC isoform and probably intracellular calcium level. Furthermore, there is a reciprocal change of the mRNA of D2 receptor and CYP11B2 in APA. D2 receptor has also been demonstrated in other neuroendocrine tumors, eg., pheochromocytoma, prolactinoma, GH-secreting adenoma ect. \[Camacho \& Mazzone 1999\] Administration of D2 agonist, bromocriptin (BMC), is a standard treatment of prolactinoma, either for pre-operative reduction of the tumors or for non-surgical patients \[Chattopadhyay et al., 2005\]. Reduction or shrinkage of prolactinoma has been observed in patients treated with BMC \[Biswas et al., 2005\]. Anti-proliferative effect and apoptosis of BMC have been demonstrated in several cell lines \[Wasko et al., 2004\]. Recently, we also demonstrated that BMC, in addition to decrease aldosterone secretion and expression of CYP11B2, could inhibit cell proliferation of H295 cells, an adrenocortical carcinoma cell line, with a down-regulation of ERK. In this context, we propose that BMC may be an alternative treatment of PA, both APA and BAH.
BACKGROUND: Postoperative fluid collections at the resection margin of the pancreatic stump are frequent after distal pancreatectomy, yet their clinical impact is unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the 30-day prevalence of postoperative fluid collections after distal pancreatectomy and the factors associated with a clinically relevant condition.
METHODS: Patients enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of parenchymal transection with either reinforced, triple-row staple, or ultrasonic dissector underwent routine magnetic resonance 30 days postoperatively. Postoperative fluid collection was defined as a cyst-like lesion of at least 1 cm at the pancreatic resection margin. Postoperative fluid collections requiring any therapy were defined as clinically relevant.
RESULTS: A total of 133 patients were analyzed; 69 were in the triple-row staple transection arm, and 64 were in the ultrasonic dissector transection arm. The overall 30-day prevalence of postoperative fluid collections was 68% (n = 90), without any significant difference between the two trial arms. Postoperative serum hyperamylasemia was more frequent in patients with postoperative fluid collections than those without (31% vs 7%, P = .001). Among the postoperative fluid collection population, an early postoperative pancreatic fistula (odds ratio 14.9, P = .002), post pancreatectomy acute pancreatitis (odds ratio 12.7, P = .036), and postoperative fluid collection size larger than 50 mm (odds ratio 6.6, P = .046) were independently associated with a clinically relevant postoperative fluid collection.
CONCLUSION: Postoperative fluid collections at the resection margin are common after distal pancreatectomy and can be predicted by early assessment of postoperative serum hyperamylasemia. A preceding pancreatectomy acute pancreatitis and/or postoperative pancreatic fistula and large collections (>50 mm) were associated with a clinically relevant postoperative fluid collection, representing targets for closer follow-up or earlier therapeutic interventions.
Administration of thyroid hormone in doses higher than those produced physiologically by the gland results in suppression of the production of endogenous hormone. This is the basis for the thyroid suppression test and is used as an aid in the diagnosis of patients with signs of mild hyperthyroidism in whom base line laboratory tests appear normal, or to demonstrate thyroid gland autonomy in patients with Grave's ophthalmopathy. 131I uptake is determined before and after the administration of the exogenous hormone. A 50% or greater suppression of uptake indicates a normal thyroid-pituitary axis and thus rules out thyroid gland autonomy.

For adults, the usual suppressive dose of levothyroxine (T4) is 1.56 mcg/kg of body weight per day given for 7 to 10 days. These doses usually yield normal serum T4 and T3 levels and lack of response to TSH.

Thyroid hormones should be administered cautiously to patients in whom there is strong suspicion of thyroid gland autonomy, in view of the fact that the exogenous hormone effects will be additive to the endogenous source.
Participants will go through 2 assessment sessions over 2-3 days (75 minutes each), followed by 10 sessions of cognitive tasks over 2 weeks in-lab or at-home, 1 session of 75 minutes about 2 weeks later, another 10 sessions of cognitive tasks over 2 weeks in-lab or at-home, then 2 sessions (\~45 minutes) over 2-3 days about 2 weeks after this session, and finally another 2 sessions (\~45 minutes) 3 days to 2 weeks after that session. Unless otherwise specified, all the sessions will take place in the lab.
Machine learning (ML) models for predicting 72-hour unscheduled return visits (URVs) for patients with abdominal pain in the emergency department (ED) were developed in a previous study. This study refined the data to adjust previous prediction models and evaluated the model performance in future data validation during the COVID-19 era. We aimed to evaluate the practicality of the ML models and compare the URVs before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used electronic health records from Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from 2018 to 2019 as a training dataset, and various machine learning models, including logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGB), and voting classifier (VC) were developed and subsequently used to validate against the 2020 to 2021 data. The models highlighted several determinants for 72-hour URVs, including patient age, prior ER visits, specific vital signs, and medical interventions. The LR, XGB, and VC models exhibited the same AUC of 0.71 in the testing set, whereas the VC model displayed a higher F1 score (0.21). The XGB model demonstrated the highest specificity (0.99) and precision (0.64) but the lowest sensitivity (0.01). Among these models, the VC model showed the most favorable, balanced, and comprehensive performance. Despite the promising results, the study illuminated challenges in predictive modeling, such as the unforeseen influences of global events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings not only highlight the significant potential of machine learning in augmenting emergency care but also underline the importance of iterative refinement in response to changing real-world conditions.
Abnormal fetal growth, i.e., intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) or fetal growth restriction (FGR) and fetal overgrowth, is associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality and is strongly linked to the development of metabolic and cardiovascular disease in childhood and later in life. Emerging evidence suggests that changes in placental amino acid transport may contribute to abnormal fetal growth. This review is focused on amino acid transport in the human placenta, however, relevant animal models will be discussed to add mechanistic insights. At least 25 distinct amino acid transporters with different characteristics and substrate preferences have been identified in the human placenta. Of these, System A, transporting neutral nonessential amino acids, and System L, mediating the transport of essential amino acids, have been studied in some detail. Importantly, decreased placental Systems A and L transporter activity is strongly associated with IUGR and increased placental activity of these two amino acid transporters has been linked to fetal overgrowth in human pregnancy. An array of factors in the maternal circulation, including insulin, IGF-1, and adiponectin, and placental signaling pathways such as mTOR, have been identified as key regulators of placental Systems A and L. Studies using trophoblast-specific gene targeting in mice have provided compelling evidence that changes in placental Systems A and L are mechanistically linked to altered fetal growth. It is possible that targeting specific placental amino acid transporters or their upstream regulators represents a novel intervention to alleviate the short- and long-term consequences of abnormal fetal growth in the future.
After skin suture, a predetermined Effect site remifentanil concentration will be achieved. Starting from 1.5 ng/ml in the first patient and increased or decreased by 0.2 ng/ml intervals based on the previous patient response: up if cough present, down otherwise ("Dixon's up and down" method).
Subjects, male and female, aged between 24 and 48 months at first vaccination, were administered 3 doses of Engerix®-B vaccine at Months 0, 1 and 2 in the Primary NCT00197041 Study. No additional dose of vaccine or drug was administered during this open follow-up NCT00323622 study. Subjects in this group are part of the Cohort 1 of the study, which was followed for analysis of malaria infection.
Multiple-dose Remote Ischemic Preconditioning. A group of 10 subjects that will receive 4 cycles of remote ischemic preconditioning of the upper limb per day in the 7 consecutive days before the endotoxemia experiment. The last dose will be applied 40 minutes before LPS administration.
Disclosed herein is a liquid pharmaceutical composition of botulinum toxin which is improved in stability. It comprises botulinum toxin, polysorbate 20, and methionine and optionally isoleucine. Employing, instead of theanimal-derived protein albumin or gelatin, a combination of polysorbate 20 and methionine and optionally isoleucine as botulinum toxin stabilizers, the liquid pharmaceutical composition eliminates the risk of contaminating the body with serum- derived pathogens or microorganisms and can be administered safely to the body. Also, the composition is convenient for use as a direct injection for patients. Superior to conventional compositions employing either detergents or amino acids in terms of the storage stability of botulinum toxin at 25 ~ 370C as well as at refrigerated temperatures, the liquid pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is very useful for storing botulinum toxin under an emergency condition such as an environment without maintaining low temperature. The liquid pharmaceutical composition can be readily prepared because it employs a detergent and an amino acid(s) without a lyophilization process.