anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy Category C

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of zolpidem tartrate tablets in pregnant women. 

Studies in children to assess the effects of prenatal exposure to zolpidem have not been conducted; however, cases of severe neonatal respiratory depression have been reported when zolpidem was used at the end of pregnancy, especially when taken with other CNS-depressants. Children born to mothers taking sedative-hypnotic drugs may be at risk for withdrawal symptoms during the postnatal period. Neonatal flaccidity has also been reported in infants born to mothers who received sedative-hypnotic drugs during pregnancy. Zolpidem should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus.

Administration of zolpidem to pregnant rats and rabbits resulted in adverse effects on offspring development at doses greater than the zolpidem tartrate tablets maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 10 mg/day (approximately 8 mg/day zolpidem base); however, teratogenicity was not observed.

When zolpidem was administered at oral doses of 4, 20, and 100 mg base/kg/day to pregnant rats during the period of organogenesis, dose-related decreases in fetal skull ossification occurred at all but the lowest dose, which is approximately 5 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis. In rabbits treated during organogenesis with zolpidem at oral doses of 1, 4, and 16 mg base/kg/ day increased embryo-fetal death and incomplete fetal skeletal ossification occurred at the highest dose tested. The no-effect dose for embryo-fetal toxicity in rabbits is approximately 10 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis. Administration of zolpidem to rats at oral doses of 4, 20, and 100 mg base/kg/day during the latter part of pregnancy and throughout lactation produced decreased offspring growth and survival at all but the lowest dose, which is approximately 5 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis.
The objective of this exploratory project is to assess the feasibility of investigating the effect of silymarin, derived from the milk thistle plant, Silybum marianum, in preventing and reversing the complications of chronic infection with HCV and/or clearing HCV infections, thereby generating preliminary results to serve as the basis of a more definitive study. Allopathic therapeutic interventions have not proved promising, particularly with the genotype most commonly encountered in Egypt and they are prohibitively expensive in the developing world. Egypt has the highest prevalence of HCV infection in the world, averaging 15-25% in rural communities. There are limited rigorous assessments of the dietary supplement milk thistle, but there is promise of salutary effect. The specific aims are to evaluate whether silymarin, the extract of milk thistle, can: (1) improves hepatic morbidity in subjects with chronic HCV hepatitis and/or cirrhosis; (2) prevent progression of liver disease in participants who have chronic HCV infections but who have normal liver enzyme levels; (3) help clear HCV infections; and (4) improves these participants' quality of life. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive silymarin or a vitamin supplement (below antioxidant levels). Participants will be recruited from a cohort of HCV-infected individuals currently enrolled in a large observational study in Egypt. Participants will receive the supplements daily for 18 months, with measures obtained every six months. Measures to be assessed will include: retention in the study, compliance with study assignment, self-described symptoms, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, serum collagen markers, abdominal ultrasound, viral load and clearance, and quality of life (SF36 survey). It is hypothesized that silymarin will not lead to clearance of HCV infections but can prevent progression of liver disease in participants with chronic HCV hepatitis and, in some cases, reverse hepatic lesions that are already present, as well as improving the quality of life in individuals who use this dietary supplement. This exploratory project is anticipated to result in successful initiation of larger and more definitive studies of the effect of milk thistle on HCV infection. Evidence of beneficial effect of an inexpensive and benign herbal dietary supplement would have great impact on the large global population suffering from chronic HCV infection.
Included patients transition to home will be bridged through a telephone-call from a patient activation coach two days post-discharge. The patients will thereafter get motivational interviewing sessions by the same patient activation coach with the the goal that the patients are motivated to the knowledge, skills and confidence needed to manage the four main activity areas: 1) medication management; 2) adhere to care plan/ follow-up visits according to the discharge plan; 3) recognize indications (symptoms/signs) that the condition is worsening and how to respond; and 4) contact and manage relations/encounters with health care providers. Patients in control group will receive standard care, i.e. discharge and follow-up as in normal procedures. The investigators will use a randomization in permuted blocks of 10 intervention patients and 10 control patients included. To test the hypothesis that the re-hospitalizations rate is 15 % lower in the intervention group compared to the control group 242 patients (121 per group) are needed for power of 80% with the level of significance set to 5 % using two-sided chi-square.
Cohort 1: These participants will be a part of the retrospective and prospective Natural History Study, including the C-RARE video assessments. In clinic visits will include: neurocognitive, developmental and behavioral clinical outcome assessments as well as biochemical sample analysis, imaging measures and retrospective medical record review. Participants will record daily living activities through the C-RARE app on their mobile device.
A stable composition with a benzimidazole derivative, such as Omeprazole, which does not contain a separating layer between the active compound and an enteric coating layer. Instead, the enteric coating layer is applied as a solution with a pH value of at least 6.5, and more preferably in a range of from about 7 to about 10, directly to the benzimidazole derivative substrate. This solution, with the optional addition of a plasticizer, can be directly coated onto the substrate without any necessity for an intermediate layer. Furthermore, in this pH range, the enteric coating is optionally applicable in an aqueous solution, thereby obviating the need for organic solvents for dissolving the enteric coating material. The resultant formulation maintains the stability of the benzimidazole derivative during storage and at the same time protects the product during passage through the acidic environment of the stomach.  The problem of interaction between the enteric coat and the alkaline core is thus completely eliminated as the enteric coat at this stage is no longer acidic.
Participants in the control group will have no intervention. They will receive the initial pre testing (baseline) followed by post testing after 4 weeks.
The invention discloses an application of LncRNA HOXD-AS1 in prostate cancer diagnosis and drug treatment, wherein the DNA sequence of a specific probe of LncRNA HOXD-AS1 is shown AS SEQ ID NO. 2; the specific primer of the LncRNA HOXD-AS1 is a primer pair consisting of DNA sequences shown AS SEQ ID NO. 3 and SEQ ID NO. 4; the RNA sequence of the siRNA for inhibiting the expression of the LncRNA HOXD-AS1 is at least one of SEQ ID NO. 5 or SEQ ID NO. 6. The research of the invention finds that LncRNA HOXD-AS1 is an important carcinogenic factor of the prostate cancer, and can be used AS a molecular marker for prognosis diagnosis of the prostate cancer and a novel target point for treatment.
The embodiments herein provide a method for producing activated carbonaceous balls. The method includes a step of crushing and sizing raw coconut shells to form coconut shell granules having a diameter of about 0.02 mm - 2.36 mm, preferably 0.075 mm - 1.18 mm. The method includes a step of mixing pure water to a food grade powder appropriately and boiling it slowly at 15°C - 80°C to obtain a water-food grade powder mixture. The method includes a step of adding the water-food grade powder mixture 20 - 40% by weight to the coconut shell granules 100% by weight to obtain a slurry in a pourability condition. The method includes a step of pouring the slurry into a pill making machine equipped with a mold of 3 mm, 5 mm, and 8 mm in diameters selectively to produce the spherical carbon tablets. The method includes a step of drying the spherical carbon tablets and carbonizing the spherical carbon tablets to obtain the activated carbonaceous balls.
Disclosed is a composition for use in dermal application. The composition includes microbeads or chemically stable particles having an internal structure of pores. A chemical compound having a pharmaceutical or cosmetic activity is retained in the internal structure of the porous particles. Each of the particles is coated with at least one of a silicone and a polysiloxane-based compound. Also disclosed is a method of making a composition. A plurality of particles containing a chemical compound in its internal structure is prepared. A coating mixture including at least one of a silicone and a polysiloxane-based compound with a solvent is also prepared. The particles are mixed with the coating mixture, which coats over the particles. The coated particles are subject to drying to evaporate the solvent from the coating mixture.
OBJECTIVE: Dysphonia is very common worldwide and aerosol drug inhalation is an important treatment for patients with dysphonia. This study aimed to explore the effects of vocal fold (VF) lesions on the particle deposition pattern using computational modeling.
METHODS: A realistic mouth-throat (MT) model of a healthy adult was constructed based on computed tomography images. Small and large vocal fold lesions were incorporated in the original model. A steady inhalation flowrate of 15 and 30 liter per minute (LPM) was used as the velocity inlet and monodisperse particles with diameters of 5 to 10 µm were simulated.
RESULTS: Particles of larger size are more likely to be deposited in MT models, most of them distributed in oral cavity, oropharynx and supraglottis. The ideal sizes at 30 LPM ranged over 7-10 µm for healthy VFs and 6-8 µm for VF lesions. The best sizes at 15 LPM ranged over 6-8 µm for healthy VFs and 8-9 µm for VF lesions.
CONCLUSION: Based on this study, VF lesions influence the deposition pattern in the glottis obviously. The ideal sizes differ at the flow rates of 15 and 30 LPM.
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is characterized by sinonasal mucosal inflammation. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is associated with severe CRS phenotypes. Different animal models have been proposed to study the association of CRS and S. aureus. However, current animal models are expensive due to the use of large animals, have high barriers to ethics approval, or require invasive surgical intervention, necessitating a need for a model that can overcome these limitations. This study aimed at establishing a reliable and efficient rat lymphoplasmacytic inflammatory model for rhinosinusitis. Sprague Dawley rats received a daily intranasal application of 20 μL of saline, S. aureus CI-182 exoprotein (250 μg/mL), or exoprotein CI-182 in combination with S. aureus clinical isolate (CI-908 or CI-913) 108 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL. The rats' sinuses were harvested at 1 and 2 weeks post-intervention. The CFU and histopathologic examination of inflammation were evaluated. S. aureus clinical isolates CI-908 or CI-913 in combination with the exoprotein (CI-182) had higher CFUs and caused persistently higher inflammation at both the 1 and 2-week post-intervention compared to the exoprotein and saline group. The observed inflammatory cell type was lymphoplasmacytic. This study provided evidence that the combination of a S. aureus exoprotein with S. aureus induces inflammation that persists for a minimum of two weeks post-intervention. This model is the first known animal model to create the lymphoplasmacytic inflammation subtype seen in CRS patients. This offers a cost-effective, accessible, non-invasive, and easy-to-replicate model to study the causes and treatment of such inflammation.
This group receives cytokine adsorption combined with standard treatment, specifically via hemoperfusion using the standard 211 protocol: two hemoperfusions within the first 24 hours, followed by one hemoperfusion daily. Each hemoperfusions session does not exceed 6 hours, lasting a total of 3 days. All patients also undergo blood perfusion treatment with the addition of a plasma separator.
A method is described for making a silicone emulsion. According to the method, there is formed a mixture of water, a cyclic siloxane, optionally a nonionic surfactant, and a cationic surfactant. There is then added to the mixture a polymerization initiator which can be a silanolate or an organosilanolate. The mixture is heated and agitated, and the cyclic siloxane is allowed to polymerize until an emulsion is formed. The benefit of this emulsion polymerization method is that the rate of emulsion polymer formation is enhanced. Thus, the method provides for the production of emulsions in a new and more efficient manner. The silicone emulsion will produce an elastomeric product when water is removed under ambient conditions.
Human bronchial epithelial cells in the airway system, as the primary barrier between humans and the surrounding environment, assume a crucial function in orchestrating the processes of airway inflammation. Target to develop a new three-dimensional (3D) inflammatory model to airway system, and here we report a strategy by using self-assembling D-form peptide to cover the process. By testing physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of Sciobio-Ⅲ, we confirmed that it can rapidly self-assembles under the trigger of ions to form a 3D nanonetwork-like scaffold, which supports 3D cell culture including the cell strains like BEAS-2B cells. Subsequently, inflammation model was established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the expression of some markers of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8), the levels of relevant inflammatory factors were measured by RT-qPCR and the secretion profile of inflammatory cytokines by ELISA, are obtained the quite difference effects in 2D and 3D microenvironment, which suggested Sciobio-Ⅲ hydrogel is an ideal scaffold that create the microenvironment for 3D cell culture. Here we are success to establish a 3D inflammation model for airway system. This innovative model allows for rapid and accurate evaluation of drug metabolism and toxicological side effects, hope to use in drug screening for airway inflammatory diseases and beyond.
Compositions, methods for preparing and methods of using contrast agent-filled polymeric microparticles for imaging are disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, air-encapsulating microparticles are formed by ionotropically gelling synthetic polyelectrolytes such as poly(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene, poly(acrylic acid), poly(methacrylic acid) and methacrylic acid copolymers (Eudragit's) by contact with multivalent ions such as calcium ions. In the preferred embodiment, the average size of the microparticles is less than seven νm so that they are suitable for injection intravenously. The polymeric microparticles are stable to imaging and display high echogenicity, both in vitro and in vivo. Due to their in vivo stability, their potential application is extended beyond vascular imaging to liver and renal diseases, fallopian tube diseases, detecting and characterizing tumor masses and tissues, and measuring peripheral blood velocity. The microparticles can optionally be linked with ligands that minimize tissue adhesion or that target the microparticles to specific regions.
The invention discloses application of pithecellobium clypearia extracts to preparation of multi-drug resistant acinetobacter baumannii medicine. The pithecellobium clypearia extracts are prepared through the method includes the steps that pithecellobium clypearia coarse powder is extracted with water or an ethyl alcohol solution, the obtained extraction liquid is extracted with ethyl acetate, and the obtained extracts are target products. The antibacterial function of the pithecellobium clypearia extracts to multi-drug resistant acinetobacter baumannii and the sensitivity enhancing function of the pithecellobium clypearia extracts to similar antibiotics are disclosed for the first time. Tests prove that the pithecellobium clypearia extracts and imipenem or tetracycline or polymyxin B or ceftazidime or levofloxacin take effect together, and the use amount of antibiotics can be reduced by 50-87% compared with the mode that only the pithecellobium clypearia extracts are used. The pithecellobium clypearia extracts can serve as natural multi-drug resistant acinetobacter baumannii medicine or an antibiotic sensitivity-enhancing agent, and is applied to treatment of diseases caused by acinetobacter baumannii. A new means and alternative medicine are provided for solving the drug resistance problem of similar antibiotics.
The usual treatment is to not have an injection of Bevacizumab on the third through fifth day after trabeculectomy surgery. Topical anaesthetic drops to numb the eye will be given, prior to being given the tested medicine. Once the eye has been anaesthetized, the medication will be injected into the potential space created during the glaucoma surgery, also called a bleb, using a standard small syringe. The patient will receive an injection of either 1.25mg (0.05ml) of Bevacizumab or Balanced Salt Solution (BSS) into the trabeculectomy bleb that had been created in the surgery. Participants will be randomly (by chance) placed in one of the 2 study groups. There will be a 50% chance of being placed in either group. There will be 60 people who will participate in this study at 2 centres throughout the Toronto region. The length of this study for participants is 12 months, and the entire study is expected to take about 18 months to complete.
PURPOSE:The titled tablet useful as a healthy food, containing a component of lotus root which is expected to clean blood, to reinforce internal organs, etc., obtained by blending dried powder of nodes, hair roots, etc. of lotus root with a fibrous binder, and molding the blend. CONSTITUTION:Dried powder of nodes, hair roots, etc. of lotus root is blended with a fibrous binder, molded into a fixed shape, to give the aimed tablet containing a component of lotus root. The dried powder of nodes of lotus root contains abundantly protein, carbohydrate, lipid, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, calcium, iron, etc., positive change of constitution such as cleaning blood, reinforcing internal organs, etc. can be expected by eating the tablet, and it is easily administered since the component of lotus root is made into tablets.
The present invention discloses a method of treating cancer in a subject. This involves co-administering a replicating virus and a matrix metalloproteinase to the subject under conditions effective to treat cancer. It also relates to a method of enhancing the delivery to and distribution within a tumor mass of therapeutic viruses. This involves co-administering a replicating virus and a matrix metalloproteinase to the tumor mass under conditions effective to enhance the delivery to and distribution within the tumor mass of therapeutic viruses. Another aspect relates to a cancer therapeutic. This involves a replicating virus and a matrix metalloproteinase.
Subjects in this group will receive a linear PE curriculum for 15 weeks. Linear Pedagogy is underpinned by neuro-computation approach to motor learning such as information processing theory and prescribes that an ideal movement pattern exists for each task and that the teacher's role is to help learners recreate that pattern. Furthermore, theorists have suggested that learning is a gradual, linear process. This linear pedagogy is supported by a teaching and learning approach that includes both prescriptive and repetitive actions, utilising technical demonstrations that provide learners with a 'visual template or criterion model' for the desired skill . As a consequence, a PE pedagogy has developed whereby the teacher's role is to make all the decisions, and the learner's role is to follow their instructions on cue - a teacher-led approach to PE.
Thchit42 constitutive expression for fungal resistance showed synchronisation with leaf augmentation and transcriptome analysis revealed the Longifolia and Zinc finger RICESLEEPER gene is responsible for plant growth and development. Pelargonium graveolens essential oil possesses significant attributes, known for perfumery and aromatherapy. However, optimal yield and propagation are predominantly hindered by biotic stress. All biotechnological approaches have yet to prove effective in addressing fungal resistance. The current study developed transgenic geranium bridging molecular mechanism of fungal resistance and plant growth by introducing cassette 35S::Thchit42. Furthermore, 120 independently putative transformed explants were regenerated on kanamycin fortified medium. Primarily transgenic lines were demonstrated peak pathogenicity and antifungal activity against formidable Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Fusarium oxysporum. Additionally, phenotypic analysis revealed ~ 2fold increase in leaf size and ~ 2.1fold enhanced oil content. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms for genotypic cause, de novo transcriptional profiles were analyzed to indicate that the auxin-regulated longifolia gene is accountable for augmentation in leaf size, and zinc finger (ZF) RICESLEEPER attributes growth upregulation. Collectively, data provides valuable insights into unravelling the mechanism of Thchit42-mediated crosstalk between morphological and chemical alteration in transgenic plants. This knowledge might create novel opportunities to cultivate fungal-resistant geranium throughout all seasons to fulfil demand.
PCT No. PCT/SE96/00161 Sec. 371 Date Mar. 8, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Mar. 8, 1996 PCT Filed Feb. 9, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO96/24338 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 15, 1996A new oral pharmaceutical dosage form comprising a core material that contains a proton pump inhibitor, one or more alkaline reacting compounds and optionally pharmaceutical excipients having a water soluble separating layer and an enteric coating layer. The core material as such is alkaline reacting and the separating layer between the alkaline reacting core material and the enteric coating layer is formed in situ as a water soluble salt between the alkaline reacting compound(s) and the enteric coating polymer. The invention also describes a new efficient process for the manufacture of such a dosage form comprising two functionally different layers in one manufacturing step, and its use in medicine.
In the process for the agglomeration of slightly soluble and hydrolytically sensitive substances, a powder of the slightly soluble substance is conducted, together with at least one water-soluble binder, in free fall through a steam atmosphere at temperatures between 85° C. and 105° C. essentially without the action of compacting forces. In this process, the residence time in the steam atmosphere is approximately 0.5 to 10 seconds. The agglomerates formed are then dried in free fall, so that small solid bridges form from the binder liquid bridges formed at the points of contact between the primary particles. In a following integrated fluidized-bed dryer, the final drying then takes place to a water content of less than 0.5% by weight. The process is carried out in a steam jet agglomerator in which a freely falling product curtain of the pulverulent mixture to be agglomerated is impinged by steam using steam jet nozzles (5, 6). A fluidized-bed dryer (2) is connected at the lower part of the agglomerator (1) in such a manner that the agglomerated particles (4) fall directly into the fluidized bed.