anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
1,218,454. Preparation of isopropylamine. MORAVSKE CHEMICKE ZAVODY NARODNI PODNIK. 13 Aug., 1968, No. 38655/68. Heading C2C. Isopropylamine is prepared by gaseous phase reductive amination of acetone on a catalyst including 10-40% by weight of finely dispersed Ni on γ-alumina as carrier in a solid catalyst bed reactor at 100-150‹ C., a pressure of 3-8 atmospheres, a molar feedstock ratio of acetone/H 2 /NH 3  of from 1: 4: 4 to 1: 5: 5 and at a feedrate of 200-350 g. of acetone per 1. of catalyst per hour. In a modification of the method, a by-product fraction containing diisopropylamine, isopropyl alcohol and water and possibly residual isopropylamine and acetone is recovered from the reaction mixture and used as feedstock in place of acetone at the same pressure and feedrate as above but at 130-150‹ C. and a molar feedstock ratio of fraction/H 2 /NH 3  of from 1: 4: 4 to 1: 5: 5. Condensation of the volatile isopropylamine from an excess of gases may be effected in a column sprinkled with NH 3  taking part in the process, the NH 3  being simultaneously distilled off from the liquid product on the lower column part.
###  Teratogenic Effects:

Pregnancy Category C. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with Butalbital, Aspirin, and Caffeine Capsules, USP. It is also not known whether Butalbital, Aspirin, and Caffeine Capsules, USP can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. Butalbital, Aspirin, and Caffeine Capsules, USP should be given to a pregnant woman only when clearly needed.

###  Nonteratogenic Effects:

Withdrawal seizures were reported in a two-day-old male infant whose mother had taken a butalbital-containing drug during the last 2 months of pregnancy. Butalbital was found in the infant’s serum. The infant was given phenobarbital 5 mg/kg, which was tapered without further seizure or other withdrawal symptoms.

Studies of aspirin use in pregnant women have not shown that aspirin increases the risk of abnormalities when administered during the first trimester of pregnancy. In controlled studies involving 41,337 pregnant women and their offspring, there was no evidence that aspirin taken during pregnancy caused stillbirth, neonatal death or reduced birth weight. In controlled studies of 50,282 pregnant women and their offspring, aspirin administration in moderate and heavy doses during the first four lunar months of pregnancy showed no teratogenic effect.

Therapeutic doses of aspirin in pregnant women close to term may cause bleeding in mother, fetus, or neonate. During the last 6 months of pregnancy, regular use of aspirin in high doses may prolong pregnancy and delivery.
The present invention provides an oil-in-water composition in which visible oil phase particles are stably dispersed even without using a surfactant. The oil-in-water composition according to the present invention contains 50-99 mass% of an aqueous phase and 1-50 mass% of an oil phase. The aqueous phase includes an acrylic acid-based aqueous phase thickening agent. The oil phase contains an oil phase thickening agent selected from the group consisting of (behenate/eicosadioate)glyceryl, dextrin palmitate, dibutyl lauroyl glutamide, and hydrophobized silica. The mean particle diameter of the oil phase is 0.05-4 mm. The difference between the refractive index of the oil phase and the refractive index of the aqueous phase is 0.1 or more. A surfactant is contained in an amount of 0.1 mass% or less with respect to the mass of the oil-in-water composition. In a first oil-in-water composition according to the present invention, the aqueous phase has a viscosity of 2,000-10,000 mPa·s at 25°C. In a second oil-in-water composition according to the present invention, the composition has a viscosity of 2,000-10,000 mPa·s at 25°C.
The aging of the U.S. population presents a number of challenges, many of which that can be addressed through nutritional approaches. Postmenopausal women are particularly at-risk for a number of diseases such as osteoporosis (By 2020 it is estimated that 50 percent of women at 50 years and older will either suffer from or be at-risk of bone loss), and cardiovascular disease, the number one killer of postmenopausal women. Polyphenolic compounds in fruits and nuts have been the focus of extensive research regarding their potential to reduce risk for a number of chronic diseases. All fruits are not created equally, so determining if dried plums (Prunus domestica L.) have certain phytochemicals in amounts that promote health when consumed in realistic amounts is important. This demonstration is likely to impact market demand for dried plums. Indeed, favorable research on other California specialty crops (walnuts, almonds, strawberries, grapes) is a key strategy to help growers increase sales.

While hundreds of plum cultivars exist, with varying amounts of phenolic compounds, the process of drying results in high amounts on hydroxycinnamic acids, a family of compounds that have been shown, in animal models, to be protective of bone health by both reducing bone loss and improving bone growth. Hydroxycinnamic acids have also been proposed to improve vascular function by protecting the smooth endothelial lining of the blood vessels in animal models. Whether these encouraging observations also occur in humans is unknown. Therefore, the overall objective of this project is to conduct the first human study exploring the effects of California dried plums on markers of bone health and vascular function. Favorable results from this project will increase awareness of the unique benefits of dried plums for bone health and vascular health, two topics of great interest to aging baby boomers and other health-conscious consumers, both in the U.S. and internationally.
A double-blind, randomized, controlled, cross-over study designed to examine the PPGR to barley β-glucan will be conducted at the I.H. Asper Clinical Research Institute in Winnipeg, Manitoba. A total of 24 healthy volunteers will participate in the trial. Eligible participants who have provided consent will be asked to attend 5 clinic visits in a fasted state. At each visit hey will be given 1 set of waffles to eat that contains either 0g, 2g, 4g, or 6g of barley β-glucan, 7 finger pokes to collect capillary blood, 5 questionnaires about their appetite and a questionnaire about the acceptability of the quick bread. Each visit will last approximately 2.5h and be separated by 3-14 days.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of hospital-wide implementation of an above-cuff vocalization (ACV) protocol using ACV-capable tracheostomy tubes and its impact on patient speech in four intensive care unit (ICU) patient populations.
METHOD: This research was an observational pre-post study that was conducted over a 26-month period and included 323 critically ill adult ICU patients who underwent tracheostomy in a 365-bed academic tertiary care hospital. ACV was assessed using a protocol developed by a multidisciplinary team. Presence of speech was defined as at least one comprehensible word spoken during a speech-language pathologist evaluation.
RESULTS: Median time-to-speech was 13 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 8-20 days) before the intervention, compared to 9 days (IQR: 6-16 days) after the intervention (p = .0017). In the pre-intervention group, 101 out of 167 (60.5%) patients achieved speech within 60 days, compared to 83 out of 133 (62.4%) patients in the post-intervention group (p = .12). Of the 83 patients who achieved speech in the post-intervention group, 24 (28.9%) did so via ACV, with the remainder using a speaking valve or digital occlusion. Of those 24 patients, seven did not progress to using a speaking valve within the follow-up period. The median number of speech days gained by using ACV was 8 (IQR: 5-18 days). ACV was successful in facilitating speech in 24 out of 29 (82.8%) patients trialed, with no major complications.
CONCLUSIONS: Routine implementation of ACV after tracheostomy is feasible, safe, and associated with earlier speech in a diverse population of critically ill patients. ACV is an important method to facilitate communication in patients requiring mechanical ventilation with tracheostomy cuff inflation.
We will recruit 75 patients diagnosed with PTSD, but with no history of mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), from the population of the VAPAHCS PTSD Center and Clinics. These volunteers will be scheduled for an eye screening developed for a concurrent project to assess visual dysfunction (accommodation/vergence insufficiency, pursuit/saccade deficits, etc.) in patients diagnosed with MTBI and seen at the Palo Alto Polytrauma Network Site clinic. The MTBI patients have unexpectedly high rates of binocular dysfunction, although their visual acuities and visual fields are normal/near normal. The MTBI diagnosis is associated with a combat blast event in some 90% of cases. Th majority of this population has also been diagnosed with PTSD. PTSD is known to cause some visual symptoms, thus it is necessary for us to determine if the visual dysfunctions in the MTBI are related to their PTSD diagnosis or not. The volunteer participants will be scheduled for an eye screening and consented prior to the screening. Inclusion criteria include diagnosis of PTSD, aged 19 to 39, and willingness to participate. Exclusion criteria is primarily history of TBI. The visual screen includes assessments of visual acuity, visual field, self-reported visual function (i.e., light sensitivity, eye fatigue, reading difficulty), and measures of accommodative function, vergence, pursuit and saccades. The data collected will be compared to the data from the ongoing study of visual dysfunction in patients diagnosed with MTBI.
Chloroquine and primaquine, has been first therapy for Plasmodium vivax and ovale malaria for over 50 years, and has been part of National policy in Thailand for decades. Primaquine is the only available hypnozoitocidal drug for P.vivax and gametocytocidal agent for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Despite this enormous use knowledge about the mechanism of activity, pharmacokinetic properties, resistance and toxicity of primaquine are limited. Primaquine at the previously used dose for radical cure (15 mg base/day for 14 days) is also weakly effective against asexual stages of P. vivax malaria \[4\] The higher dose of 30 mg daily evaluated for malaria prophylaxis is now also generally recommended for radical cure. In the standard radical cure regimen, primaquine is usually given after the 3-day course of chloroquine, but there has been no study to inform timing of dosing so this decision is arbitrary. Despite the multistage specificity against the malaria parasite, and extensive recommendations, primaquine is currently underused because of uncertainties over safety, efficacy and dosage. Primaquine is an oxidant drug and causes haemolysis in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD). Although several studies of the metabolites of the primaquine and chloroquine have been conducted over the past few years remarkably little is known about the interaction between these two commonly coadministered drugs.

This study is open-label pharmacokinetic study. Healthy 16 volunteers will be recruited to the established volunteer facility at single site at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases to determine the pharmacokinetic properties of primaquine and it's main active metabolites and evaluate any interaction with chloroquine.in order to provide clinical guidance for the optimum primaquine/chloroquine treatment regimens.
Rosacea is a chronic skin condition characterized by erythema, inflammatory papules, pustules and telangiectasias, which typically occur on the face of middle-aged adults, especially fair skinned. The disease can lead to social stigmatization and may significantly reduce the quality of life of patients. For erythematous lesions and telangiectasia, intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy and lasers are popular treatmen option. Lasers and non-coherent intense pulse light sources (IPL) are based on the principle of selective photothermolysis. The target chromophore in vascular lesions is the oxyhemoglobin present in the red blood corpuscles (RBCs) which circulates in the blood vessels. Pulsed dye lasers (PDL) use a wavelength of 595 nm and is the gold standard of vascular lesion treatment. A common complication is post treatment purpura which appears immediately and can last for 7-14 days, which may be cosmetically unacceptable. The intense pulsed light (IPL) produces a non-coherent light beam with a spectrum of wavelengths from 500 to 1200 nm. Cut-off filters at 515, 550, 570, 590 nm are used for vascular lesions. To compare the efficacy and safety of PDL and IPL configured with different wavelength bands(Delicate Pulsed Light, M22 590, M22 vascular filter) in the treatment of rosacea, we designed a prospective, randomized controlled trial. We hope to make a comparison between PDL and IPL,between broad-spectrum IPL and narrow-spectrum IPL, between single-band IPL and dual-band IPL, and also provide clinical basis for clinicians and patients to develop individualized treatment plans.
A single centre randomized placebo-controlled phase II-study with a random assignment to experimental (EXP) or control (CTR) group. All patients with lymphoproliferative diseases ≥18 years of age, scheduled for myeloablative therapy before autologous stem cell transplantation at the Akademiska University Hospital in Uppsala, Sweden, will be included consecutively during one and a half year. A total of 90 patients (45 per treatment arm) will be accrued for this study. They will be invited by mail to participate in the study a couple of weeks before hospital entry. A random assignment to EXP or CTR will be performed by research nurses not participating in any other way in the study. Patients will be stratified for diagnosis which also means myeloablative therapy (lymphoma (BEAC) or myeloma (high-dose melphalan)), and the groups are expected to be similar in size. One box for each diagnosis (lymphoma and myeloma) will contain equal numbers of randomisation cards for the experimental and control groups, randomly mixed within each box. Cards will be picked consecutively by a research nurse not otherwise involved in the study. The EXP group will receive aprepitant (EMEND®) in combination with standard anti-emetic treatment and the CTR group will receive standard anti-emetic treatment. All treatment will be given in the hospital.
Calcitriol and calcimimetics are used to treat hyperparathyroidism secondary to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Calcitriol administration and the subsequent increase in serum calcium concentration decrease parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, which should reduce bone remodeling. We have previously reported that, when maintaining a given concentration of PTH, the addition of calcimimetics is associated with an increased bone cell activity. Whether calcitriol administration affects bone cell activity while PTH is maintained constant should be evaluated in an animal model of renal osteodystrophy. The aim of the present study was to compare in CKD PTH-clamped rats the bone effects of calcitriol and calcimimetic administration. The results show that the administration of calcitriol and calcimimetic at doses that induced a similar reduction in PTH secretion produced dissimilar effects on osteoblast activity in 5/6 nephrectomized (Nx) rats with secondary hyperparathyroidism and in Nx rats with clamped PTH. Remarkably, in both rat models, the administration of calcitriol decreased osteoblastic activity, whereas calcimimetic increased bone cell activity. In vitro, calcitriol supplementation inhibited nuclear translocation of β-catenin and reduced proliferation, osteogenesis, and mineralization in mesenchymal stem cells differentiated into osteoblasts. In conclusion, besides the action of calcitriol and calcimimetics at parathyroid level, these treatments have specific effects on bone cells that are independent of the PTH level.
Participants will perform daily at-home subcutaneous GH injections after receiving thorough at-home education training provided by a pharmaceutical nurse before and research personnel. The GH will be provided be Pfizer. Starting doses will be 0.2 ug/L and 0.3 ug/L for women taking exogenous oral estrogen.
Children and adolescents who are treated for brain tumours are faced with a variety of problems that affect the way they live their lives: one of the biggest problems is limited contact with friends and peers. This study aims to help kids and teens deal with this problem. The purpose of this study is to give kids who are treated for brain tumors opportunities to meet with other kids with similar experiences by participating in one of two social skills groups to improve how they related to one another. Investigators are assessing if these programs are beneficial to kids who have had brain tumours and which group is best. Kids will be assigned randomly to one of two groups. In both groups kids will meet with the other participants and with the facilitators for two hours once a week for 8 weeks. Kids in both groups will have introductions, group rules and group purpose (learn to relate with one another) through fun with games and arts and crafts. In one group, the games and crafts will be used for learning social skills. In the other group, arts and crafts and playing will be the focus of the activities, with the goal for each session determined by creating a craft or playing a game where everyone can win. One parent and all kids will complete questionnaires before the group starts, after the last group session as well as 6 months following the group. The questionnaires will ask questions about feeling, actions and getting along with others. Investigators also plan to visit the child's school so that the child, classmates and teachers will fill out questionnaires about friendships.
BACKGROUND: Trials have demonstrated the safety of omitting completion axillary lymph node dissection in patients with cT1-2 N0 breast cancer operated with breast-conserving surgery who have limited metastatic burden in the sentinel lymph node. The aim of this registry study was to provide insight into the oncological safety of omitting completion axillary treatment in patients operated with mastectomy who have limited-volume sentinel lymph node metastasis.
METHODS: Women diagnosed in 2013-2014 with unilateral cT1-2 N0 breast cancer treated with mastectomy, with one to three sentinel lymph node metastases (pN1mi-pN1a), were identified from the Netherlands Cancer Registry, and classified by axillary treatment: no completion axillary treatment, completion axillary lymph node dissection, regional radiotherapy, or completion axillary lymph node dissection followed by regional radiotherapy. The primary endpoint was 5-year regional recurrence rate. Secondary endpoints included recurrence-free interval and overall survival, among others.
RESULTS: In total, 1090 patients were included (no completion axillary treatment, 219 (20.1%); completion axillary lymph node dissection, 437 (40.1%); regional radiotherapy, 327 (30.0%); completion axillary lymph node dissection and regional radiotherapy, 107 (9.8%)). Patients in the group without completion axillary treatment had more favourable tumour characteristics and were older. The overall 5-year regional recurrence rate was 1.3%, and did not differ significantly between the groups. The recurrence-free interval was also comparable among groups. The group of patients who did not undergo completion axillary treatment had statistically significantly worse 5-year overall survival, owing to a higher percentage of non-cancer deaths.
CONCLUSION: In this registry study of patients with cT1-2 N0 breast cancer treated with mastectomy, with low-volume sentinel lymph node metastasis, the 5-year regional recurrence rate was low and comparable between patients with and without completion axillary treatment.
Two healthy Landrace pigs anaesthetized with propofol suffered rapid onset of fatal sepsis. Clinical signs included severe arterial hypotension, loss of peripheral oxygenation, low end-tidal CO2, clinical onset of pulmonary oedema and cardiac dysfunction. Gross and histopathological examination revealed loss of vascular integrity with severe lung oedema and congestion, haemorrhages in several organs and fluid leakage into body cavities. Large numbers of Gram-negative bacteria, primarily Klebsiella sp., were present in the anaesthetic infusion containing propofol and were also cultured from internal organs of both pigs. The propofol was likely contaminated by bacteria after inappropriate handling and storage in the operating room. This report illustrates the potential for severe nosocomial infection when applying propofol in animals and humans and may serve as a reminder of the importance of strict aseptic practice in general, and specifically in the handling of this anaesthetic agent.
Week 1: SBRT radiation therapy administered as 24Gy/3f, on days 1, 3, and 5. Weeks 2-5: Tislelizumab 200mg intravenous drip every 3 weeks, for a total of two cycles.
A device for storing a material to be lyophilized includes a support panel, a sidewall, an opening, a cover, and at least one lifter device. The sidewall and the support panel define a storage space for accommodating a material. The opening is defined by a rim of the sidewall. The cover is removably disposed adjacent to the rim of the sidewall for closing the opening. The lifter device is disposed between the support panel and the cover and includes a reservoir and at least one movable wall. The reservoir defines a sealed cavity containing a fluid. The movable wall is in operable communication with the fluid in the sealed cavity and engaging the cover to displace the cover away from the rim when the lifter device is subject to an ambient pressure that is less than the pressure of the fluid in the sealed cavity.
Patients with known Chiari or any other CVJ malformations undergoing a workup prior to surgery. Research images will be added to the clinically ordered exams ordered at 3 months and 1 year after surgery.
Mitophagy maintains cellular homeostasis by eliminating damaged mitochondria. Accumulated damaged mitochondria can lead to oxidative stress and cell death. Induction of the PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is reported to be renoprotective in acute kidney injury (AKI). Esculetin, a naturally available coumarin, has shown protective action against diabetic complications. However, its effect on AKI-diabetes comorbidity has not been explored yet. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the renoprotective effect of esculetin against AKI under diabetic conditions via regulating PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. For this, type 1 diabetic male Wistar rats were treated with two doses of esculetin (50 and 100 mg/kg/day orally) for five days followed by AKI induction by bilateral ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI). NRK-52E cells grown in high glucose were exposed to sodium azide (10 mM) for induction of hypoxia/reperfusion injury (HRI) in-vitro. Esculetin (50 µM) treatment for 24 h was given to the cells before HRI. The in-vitro samples were utilized for cell viability and ΔΨm assay, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence. Rats' plasma, urine, and kidney samples were collected for biochemical analysis, histopathology, and western blotting. Our results showed a significant decrease in kidney injury-specific markers and increased expression of mitophagy markers (PINK1 and Parkin) with esculetin treatment. Moreover, esculetin prevented the HRI and hyperglycemia-induced decrease in ΔΨm and autophagosome marker. Also, esculetin therapy reduced oxidative stress via increased Nrf2 and Keap1 expression. Esculetin attenuated AKI under diabetic condition by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction via inducing PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, suggesting its potential as an effective therapy for preventing AKI-diabetes comorbidity.