anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This review explores the pivotal role of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications, highlighting the therapeutic potential of various oral hypoglycemic drugs targeting this pathway. NLRP3 inflammasome activation, triggered by metabolic stressors like hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and free fatty acids (FFAs), leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and interleukin-18, driving insulin resistance, pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, and systemic inflammation. These processes contribute to diabetic complications such as nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Here we discuss the various transcriptional, epigenetic, and gut microbiome mediated regulation of NLRP3 activation in diabetes. Different classes of oral hypoglycemic drugs modulate NLRP3 inflammasome activity through various mechanisms: sulfonylureas inhibit NLRP3 activation and reduce inflammatory cytokine levels; sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) suppress inflammasome activity by reducing oxidative stress and modulating intracellular signaling pathways; dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors mitigate inflammasome activation, protecting against renal and vascular complications; glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists attenuate NLRP3 activity, reducing inflammation and improving metabolic outcomes; alpha-glucosidase inhibitors and thiazolidinediones exhibit anti-inflammatory properties by directly inhibiting NLRP3 activation. Agents that specifically target NLRP3 and inhibit their activation have been identified recently such as MCC950, Anakinra, CY-09, and many more. Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome, thus, presents a promising strategy for managing diabetes and its complications, with oral hypoglycemic drugs offering dual benefits of glycemic control and inflammation reduction. Further research into the specific mechanisms and long-term effects of these drugs on NLRP3 inflammasome activity is warranted.
In this phase I trial, the primary endpoint will be considered to be reached when we have described a phase II recommended dose of RAD001 given with docetaxel + cisplatin as induction chemotherapy for head and neck cancer. Up to 3 dose levels of daily RAD001 will be studied. A standard 3 + 3 phase I dose escalation design will be used. The phase II recommended dose will be determined according to the dose escalation plan.
The present disclosure relates to isolating one or more cannabinoids from an input mixture. There is disclosed an apparatus that comprises a first reaction vessel, a volatizing unit, and a distillation unit. The first reaction vessel provides a derivatized input mixture that comprises one or more derivatized cannabinoids. The volatizing unit volatilizes the derivatized input mixture into a derivatized cannabinoid-containing vapor-stream and a residue. The distillation unit receives the derivatized cannabinoid-containing vapor stream and separates a first derivatized cannabinoid within the derivatized cannabinoid-containing vapor stream from at least a second cannabinoid. There is also a method that comprises the steps of derivatizing one or more cannabinoids in an input mixture; volatilizing the derivatized input mixture to provided a derivatized cannabinoid-containing vapor stream; conducting the derivatized cannabinoid-containing vapor stream to distillation unit; and collecting a product that comprises the first derivatized cannabinoid.
The lungs, as vital organs in the human body, continuously engage in gas exchange with the external environment. The lung microbiota, a critical component in maintaining internal homeostasis, significantly influences the onset and progression of diseases. Beneficial interactions between the host and its microbial community are essential for preserving the host's health, whereas disease development is often linked to dysbiosis or alterations in the microbial community. Evidence has demonstrated that changes in lung microbiota contribute to the development of major chronic lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), asthma, and lung cancer. However, in-depth mechanistic studies are constrained by the small scale of the lung microbiota and its susceptibility to environmental pollutants and other factors, leaving many questions unanswered. This review examines recent research on the lung microbiota and lung diseases, as well as methodological advancements in studying lung microbiota, summarizing the ways in which lung microbiota impacts lung diseases and introducing research methods for investigating lung microbiota.
Background: In February 2021, a few cases of unusual, severe thrombotic events associated with thrombocytopenia reported after vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Vaxzevria) or with Johnson & Johnson's Janssen vaccine raise concern about safety. The vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) has been related to the presence of platelet-activating antibodies directed against platelet Factor 4. Objectives: We investigated VITT subject genetic background by a high-throughput whole exome sequencing (WES) approach in order to investigate VITT genetic predisposition. Methods: Six consecutive patients (females of Caucasian origin with a mean age of 64 years) were referred to the Atherothrombotic Diseases Center (Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence) with a diagnosis of definite VITT underwent WES analysis. WES analysis was performed on the Illumina NextSeq500 platform. Results:WES analysis revealed a total of 140,563 genetic variants. Due to VITT's rare occurrence, we focused attention on rare variants. The global analysis of all high-quality rare variants did not reveal a significant enrichment of mutated genes in biological/functional pathways common to patients analyzed. Afterwards, we focused on rare variants in genes associated with blood coagulation and fibrinolysis, platelet activation and aggregation, integrin-mediated signaling pathway, and inflammation with particular attention to those involved in vascular damage, as well as autoimmune thrombocytopenia. According to ACMG criteria, 47/194 (24.2%) rare variants were classified as uncertain significance variants (VUS), whereas the remaining were likely benign/benign. Conclusion: WES analysis identifies rare variants possibly favoring the prothrombotic state triggered by the exposure to the vaccine. Functional studies and/or extensions to a larger number of patients might allow a more comprehensive definition of these molecular pathways.
Aerosol compositions for the treatment of skin cancer comprise protamine, or a physiologically-compatible salt thereof, and a propellant. Specified propellants are dichlorodifluoromethane, difluoroethane, and trichlorofluoromethane. The compositions may contain one or more anti-inflammatory or analgesic substances, e.g. hydrocortisone, preservatives, oils, or emulsifying agents.ALSO:Pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of skin cancer comprise protamine, or a physiologically-compatible salt thereof, and a topical vehicle.  The compositions may contain one or more anti-inflammatory or analgesic substances e.g. hydrocortisone. The compositions may be in the form of ointments, lotions, creams, sticks, emulsions, powders, solutions, spray solutions, nasal spray solutions, aerosols, lozenges, paints for the nose, mouth and pharynx and rectal and vaginal suppositories.  In aqueous preparations, the solubility in water of the protamine can be improved by the presence of formaldehyde-bisulphite or formaldehyde-sulphoxylate complex.  The pH of the preparations should preferably be neutral or be within the range 4-7.  The compositions may contain one or more preservatives and conventional excipients where necessary.
The present invention relates to a composition, preferably a cosmetic or dermatological composition, comprising: i. at least one hydroxy acid chosen from α-hydroxy acids, ß-hydroxy acids, and mixtures thereof; ii. at least one monoalkyl or dialkyl isosorbide, the alkyl group comprising from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; iii. at least one polyethylene glycol-polypropylene glycol ether of formula (I): C n H 2n+1 (OCH(CH 3 )CH 2 ) x (OCH 2 CH 2 ) y OH (I); iv. at least one first hydrogenated or non-hydrogenated, polyoxyethylenated plant oil and at least one second hydrogenated or non-hydrogenated, polyoxyethylenated plant oil; said first and second polyoxyethylenated plant oils being different from one another; v. a physiologically acceptable medium comprising at least water; vi. said composition having an acidic pH. The present invention also relates to a cosmetic treatment method comprising the application of said composition to keratin materials and also to the cosmetic use of said composition for caring for the skin.
This applies to protocol 1 when 10 healthy men got leptin infused locally in the forearm and forearm blood flow (FBF) was measured. The other forearm was used as the control.
The invention provides a carbon-losing cholestanal, a preparation method and application thereof. The carbon-lost cholestanal is a compound shown as a formula (I), or a salt or a stereoisomer thereof. Wherein R is 1 、R 2 Hydrogen and C are independently selected 1 ～C 6 Alkyl, halogen, hydroxyl, carboxyl, aldehyde group, amino or nitro. The carbon-lost cholestanal has good bacteriostatic activity, particularly has good inhibition effect on clostridium difficile, and can be used for preparing medicines for inhibiting clostridium difficile. Meanwhile, the carbon-lost cholestanal is used as a starting material to prepare carbon-lost chenodeoxycholic acid, carbon-lost cholestane and chenodeoxycholic acid, and the yield is high and is superior to that of the prior art. In addition, the invention provides a preparation method of various carbon-lost cholestanals, which has high yield and purity and is used by the preparation methodThe raw material of the duck cholic acid has wide sources and low cost, and develops an industrial method for utilizing the industrial waste duck cholic acid waste, so that the preparation method is more feasible in industrialization.
The present invention relates to a Fengtongning Chinese medicine preparation and a preparation method thereof. The Fengtongning Chinese medicine preparation is prepred from prepared common monkshood mother root, prepared kusnezoff monkshood, notopterygium root, heracleum hemsleyanum michaux, acontum fischeri mankshood, etc. Moreover, the preparation of the present invention can be soft capsules, oral liquid, granules, etc. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has clear recipe composition and obvious preparation treatment effect, and furthermore, the present invention has better treating effect on rheumatic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Simultaneously, the preparation method has simple and convenient technology so that the quality can be conveniently controlled, and the present invention has low cost. Consequently, the present invention is truly suitable for the disease symptom of rheumatic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
PURPOSE:To obtain a bisbiguanide-based compound useful as a germicide for medical treatment, especially for operation, having a wide antimicrobial spectrum, showing excellent antibacterial activity against, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, applicable to mucosa. CONSTITUTION:A bisbiguanide-based compound of formula I (n is 2-10) and its salt. The compound is obtained by reacting a 1,n-bis(N<3>-cyano-N<1>-gunidino)al. kane of formula II with 2 equivalent or a slightly excessive amount of 4- trifluoromethoxyaniline hydrochloride of formula III in a polar solvent and treating the prepared hydrochloride with an alkali. A germicide containing the compound is comparable to chlorhexidine (formula IV) conventionally used as a germicide in terms of width of an antibacterial spectrum, has more excellent immediate effect than chlorhexidine and further shows excellent antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa on which chlorhexidine has low antibacterial, action. The germicide has low irritation to mucosa and is usable in a lower concentration.
Participants received 100mg of Mepolizumab subcutaneously every 4 weeks during the total treatment period of 52 weeks in addition to their baseline Standard of Care (SOC) treatment for asthma. Participants received salbutamol as a rescue medication on need basis.
BACKGROUND: Jianweixiaoshi tablets (JWXS) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating functional dyspepsia with spleen deficiency (SD-FD) in China. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of JWXS remain incompletely understood.
METHODS: Functional dyspepsia was induced in rats with spleen deficiency by iodoacetamide in combination with the modified multiple platform method. The SD-FD rats were administered JWXS at both low and high doses, as well as domperidone. We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the treatment effects of JWXS, including body weight, gastrointestinal motility, immune organ index, biochemical analysis, gastrointestinal hormones, and hematological studies. Quantitative proteomic analysis based on data-independent acquisition (DIA) was used to determine the changes in protein profiles of gastric and duodenal tissues in SD-FD rats and JWXS intervention rats.
RESULTS: The results showed that JWXS effectively alleviated gastrointestinal motility disorders in SD-FD rats, as indicated by accelerated gastric emptying and intestinal propulsion, increased levels of gastrin, motilin, and ghrelin, and reduced levels of cholecystokinin-octapeptide, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and somatostatin. Additionally, JWXS increased the spleen and thymus index, increased %lymphocyte in blood, reduced white blood cell count and %neutrophil, and improved immune function. Through quantitative proteomic analysis of gastric tissues, we identified 333 differentially expressed proteins in the JWXS treatment group and the model group. Notably, the mechanism by which JWXS accelerated gastric emptying may be related to PLC-γ and SERCA2 in the calcium signaling pathway. Furthermore, JWXS treatment altered the expression of 732 proteins in rat duodenal samples. The differentially expressed proteins were enriched in immune-related functions and pathways, including antigen processing and presentation, as well as the intestinal immune network for IgA production.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, JWXS exhibits a multi-faceted impact on various pathways, demonstrating its efficacy in treating SD-FD. These findings provide a foundation for the clinical application of JWXS in managing SD-FD.
Indomethacin Capsules, USP are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, available as capsules containing 25 mg or 50 mg of indomethacin USP, administered for oral use. The chemical name is 1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indole-3-acetic acid. The molecular weight is 357.79. Its molecular formula is C 19H 16ClNO 4, and it has the following chemical structure. 

  
  


  


Indomethacin USP is a white to yellow crystalline powder. It is practically insoluble in water and sparingly soluble in alcohol, in chloroform and in ether. It has a pKa of 4.5 and is stable in neutral or slightly acidic media and decomposes in strong alkali.   
The inactive ingredients in indomethacin capsules 25 mg or 50 mg include: lactose monohydrate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium starch glycolate, colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate. The hard gelatin shell consists of gelatin, titanium dioxide, FD & C Blue 1, D & C Yellow 10. The capsules are printed with black ink containing black iron oxide E172 dye.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Post-stroke movement disorders (PMDs) following ischemic lesions of the basal ganglia (BG) are a known entity, but data regarding their incidence are lacking. Ischemic strokes secondary to proximal middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion treated with thrombectomy represent a model of selective damage to the BG. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and features of movement disorders after selective BG ischemia in patients with successfully reperfused acute ischemic stroke (AIS).
METHODS: We enrolled 64 consecutive subjects with AIS due to proximal MCA occlusion treated with thrombectomy. Patients were clinically evaluated by a movement disorders specialist for PMDs onset at baseline, and after 6 and 12 months.
RESULTS: None of the patients showed an identifiable movement disorder in the subacute phase of the stroke. At 6 and 12 months, respectively, 7/25 (28%) and 7/13 (53.8%) evaluated patients developed PMDs. The clinical spectrum of PMDs encompassed parkinsonism, dystonia and chorea, either isolated or combined. In most patients, symptoms were contralateral to the lesion, although a subset of patients presented with bilateral involvement and prominent axial signs.
CONCLUSION: Post-stroke movement disorders are not uncommon in long-term follow-up of successfully reperfused AIS. Follow-up conducted by a multidisciplinary team is strongly advisable in patients with selective lesions of the BG after AIS, even if asymptomatic at discharge.
Path B will receive standard jet nebulization without HFNC followed by the trans-nasal in line nebulization via the HFNC. Patients agreed to enroll in day 2 of the trial will have their clinical path alternated in attempt to control for diurnal variability. All patients will also receive as-needed nebulized treatments as well as usual supportive care provided by respiratory therapists. As needed therapy will be delivered via the method of the current arm of the study they are in, and the washout period will subsequently reset.
OBJECTIVES: Acute agitation during pediatric mental health emergency department (ED) visits presents safety risks to patients and staff. We previously convened multidisciplinary stakeholders who prioritized 20 proposed quality measures for pediatric acute agitation management. Our objectives were to assess feasibility of evaluating performance on these quality measures using electronic health record (EHR) data and to examine performance variation across 3 EDs.
METHODS: At a children's hospital and 2 nonchildren's hospitals, we assessed feasibility of evaluating quality measures for pediatric acute agitation management using structured EHR data elements. We retrospectively evaluated measure performance during ED visits by children 5 to 17 years old who presented for a mental health condition, received medication for agitation, or received physical restraints from July 2020 to June 2021. Bivariate and multivariable regression were used to examine measure performance by patient characteristics and hospital.
RESULTS: We identified 2785 mental health ED visits, 275 visits with medication given for agitation, and 35 visits with physical restraints. Performance was feasible to measure using EHR data for 10 measures. Nine measures varied by patient characteristics, including 4.87 times higher adjusted odds (95% confidence interval 1.28-18.54) of physical restraint use among children with versus without autism spectrum disorder. Four measures varied by hospital, with physical restraint use varying from 0.5% to 3.3% of mental health ED visits across hospitals.
CONCLUSIONS: Quality of care for pediatric acute agitation management was feasible to evaluate using EHR-derived quality measures. Variation in performance across patient characteristics and hospitals highlights opportunities to improve care quality.
Epidemiological and clinical studies have indicated a higher risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), implying a potentially shared genetic etiology, which is still less explored. Genetic links between T2DM and NAFLD were assessed using linkage disequilibrium score regression and pleiotropic analysis under composite null hypothesis. European GWAS data have identified shared genes, whereas SNP-level pleiotropic analysis under composite null hypothesis has explored pleiotropic loci. generalized gene-set analysis of GWAS data determines pleiotropic pathways and tissue enrichment using eQTL mapping to identify associated genes. Mendelian randomization analysis was used to investigate the causal relationship between NAFLD and T2DM. Linkage disequilibrium score regression analysis revealed a strong genetic correlation between T2DM and NAFLD, and identified 24 pleiotropic loci. These single-nucleotide polymorphisms are primarily involved in biosynthetic regulation, RNA biosynthesis, and pancreatic development. generalized gene-set analysis of GWAS data analysis revealed significant enrichment in multiple brain tissues. Gene mapping using these 3 methods led to the identification of numerous pleiotropic genes, with differences observed in liver and kidney tissues. These genes were mainly enriched in pancreas, brain, and liver tissues. The Mendelian randomization method indicated a significantly positive unidirectional causal relationship between T2DM and NAFLD. Our study identified a shared genetic structure between NAFLD and T2DM, providing new insights into the genetic pathogenesis and mechanisms of NAFLD and T2DM comorbidities.
PURPOSE:To provide a flesh-reducing food produced by including gamma-linolenic acid in alpha-cyclodextrin and exhibiting remarkably excellent obesity-preventive effect or a body-weight increase preventive effect by the synergistic action and the clathrate action of both components. CONSTITUTION:The flesh-reducing food is produced by including (A) 3-25 pts.wt. of gamma-linoleic acid in (B) 100 pts.wt. of alpha-cyclodextrin. The inclusion of the component A in the component B is carried out e.g. by adding 30 pts.wt. of water to 1 pt.wt. of the component B, thoroughly mixing the mixture, adding 0.3 pts.wt. of the component A, vigorously agitating with a homogenizer under cooling for 60min and freeze-drying the obtained pasty substance. It is preferable for improving the obesity preventive effect to use a chemically modified compound as the component B and to compound the food with a peptide having activated functionality and obtained by the hydrolysis of a polypeptide.
The Director of Licensing Standard of Practice - Active Play (Active Play Standard), mandates the provision of Active Play opportunities (amount of time spent outdoor, amount of physical activity, provision of fundamental skills) in licensed childcare centers in British Columbia, Canada. To support the implementation of this standard, the province released a capacity-building intervention, called Appetite to Play (ATP). Appetite to Play provides training and support to childcare providers in enhancing physical activity, physical literacy, and healthy eating environments in their facilities. To encourage the sustained use of ATP and aid childcare facilities in maintaining their adherence to the Active Play Standard, we have developed an intervention called, Appetite to Play +, targeted at facility managers and staff. The intervention builds upon ATP and is considered advanced training for childhood educators. The intervention involves the implementation of support strategies focused on integrating Active Play and fundamental movement skills into scheduling, curriculum planning, and creating a supportive environment for Active Play and healthy eating in childcare facilities.
Half of the sample will be eligible to receive or be receiving the Government of Rwanda's (GOR) flagship social protection programming, Vision 2020 Program (VUP). One component of this program is to provide cash for work opportunities for labor endowed vulnerable households, i.e. one able bodied adult. Vulnerable households are those in Poverty Level 1 category, the GOR's poverty classification system. Furthermore, this study will require households in the control group receiving classic public works as usual to have at least one child between the ages of 6 months to 36 months.