anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
As with other drugs that antagonize dopamine D2 receptors, olanzapine elevates prolactin levels, and the elevation persists during chronic administration. Hyperprolactinemia may suppress hypothalamic GnRH, resulting in reduced pituitary gonadotropin secretion. This, in turn, may inhibit reproductive function by impairing gonadal steroidogenesis in both female and male patients. Galactorrhea, amenorrhea, gynecomastia, and impotence have been reported in patients receiving prolactin-elevating compounds. Long-standing hyperprolactinemia when associated with hypogonadism may lead to decreased bone density in both female and male subjects. 

Tissue culture experiments indicate that approximately one-third of human breast cancers are prolactin dependent in vitro, a factor of potential importance if the prescription of these drugs is contemplated in a patient with previously detected breast cancer. As is common with compounds which increase prolactin release, an increase in mammary gland neoplasia was observed in the olanzapine carcinogenicity studies conducted in mice and rats [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1)]. Neither clinical studies nor epidemiologic studies conducted to date have shown an association between chronic administration of this class of drugs and tumorigenesis in humans; the available evidence is considered too limited to be conclusive at this time. 

In placebo-controlled olanzapine clinical studies (up to 12 weeks), changes from normal to high in prolactin concentrations were observed in 30% of adults treated with olanzapine as compared to 10.5% of adults treated with placebo. In a pooled analysis from clinical studies including 8136 adults treated with olanzapine, potentially associated clinical manifestations included menstrual-related events1 (2% [49/3240] of females), sexual function-related events2 (2% [150/8136] of females and males), and breast-related events3 (0.7% [23/3240] of females, 0.2% [9/4896] of males). 

In placebo-controlled olanzapine monotherapy studies in adolescent patients (up to 6 weeks) with schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder (manic or mixed episodes), changes from normal to high in prolactin concentrations were observed in 47% of olanzapine-treated patients compared to 7% of placebo-treated patients. In a pooled analysis from clinical trials including 454 adolescents treated with olanzapine, potentially associated clinical manifestations included menstrual-related events1 (1% [2/168] of females), sexual function-related events2 (0.7% [3/454] of females and males), and breast-related events3 (2% [3/168] of females, 2% [7/286] of males) [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4)]. 

1 Based on a search of the following terms: amenorrhea, hypomenorrhea, menstruation delayed, and oligomenorrhea.  
2 Based on a search of the following terms: anorgasmia, delayed ejaculation, erectile dysfunction, decreased libido, loss of libido, abnormal orgasm, and sexual dysfunction.  
3 Based on a search of the following terms: breast discharge, enlargement or swelling, galactorrhea, gynecomastia, and lactation disorder.
BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by synovial inflammation, causing substantial disability and reducing life quality. While macrophages are widely appreciated as a master regulator in the inflammatory response of RA, the precise mechanisms underlying the regulation of proliferation and inflammation in RA-derived fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) remain elusive. Here, we provide extensive evidence to demonstrate that macrophage contributes to RA microenvironment remodeling by extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and downstream miR-100-5p/ mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) axis.
RESULTS: We showed that bone marrow derived macrophage (BMDM) derived-sEVs (BMDM-sEVs) from collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice (cBMDM-sEVs) exhibited a notable increase in abundance compared with BMDM-sEVs from normal mice (nBMDM-sEVs). cBMDM-sEVs induced significant RA-FLS proliferation and potent inflammatory responses. Mechanistically, decreased levels of miR-100-5p were detected in cBMDM-sEVs compared with nBMDM-sEVs. miR-100-5p overexpression ameliorated RA-FLS proliferation and inflammation by targeting the mTOR pathway. Partial attenuation of the inflammatory effects induced by cBMDM-sEVs on RA-FLS was achieved through the introduction of an overexpression of miR-100-5p.
CONCLUSIONS: Our work reveals the critical role of macrophages in exacerbating RA by facilitating the transfer of miR-100-5p-deficient sEVs to RA-FLS, and sheds light on novel disease mechanisms and provides potential therapeutic targets for RA interventions.
Psychiatric disturbance is common in multiple sclerosis (MS), with anxiety and depression the most frequent diagnoses. The lifetime rate of major depression is up to 50%. However, even symptoms of mood and anxiety which are not severe enough to warrant a diagnosis of a psychiatric disorder can still have a big impact people's lives. The investigators want to find ways to make people with MS feel better and cope better in their day to day life, and to be stronger inside themselves so that they don't become worried or stressed so much in the future. Positive Mental Training (PosMT) is a 12 week programme which aims to help people overcome the negative thinking and feelings that come with worry and low mood and become more positive, confident and resilient. To find out if Positive Mental Training is helpful in MS the investigators are running randomised controlled trial. Patients with MS who score higher than 4 on either the Hospital Anxiety (HADS-A) or Depression Scale (HADS-D) will be admitted to the trial. They will be randomly allocated to either an intervention or control group. The intervention group will be given the treatment immediately, the other 12 weeks later. In addition to the HADS, patients will be asked to complete two further questionnaires asking about how low mood and anxiety affecting them, both when they enter the trial and 12 weeks later. These are the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (SWEMWBS) and EuroQol health related quality of life - 5 dimensions - 5 levels (EuroQol-5D-5L). The primary function of this pilot trial is to ascertain suitability and acceptability of this treatment for people with MS, and to guide planning of a subsequent full trial. Feedback will therefore be obtained from participants in the treatment group of their experience of using the intervention. Though the sample size of this pilot trial is small, by comparing the change in scores on rating scales in patients given the treatment to those who have not been given it yet (the control group), it may be feasible to ascertain if PosMT is a useful treatment in MS.
INTRODUCTION: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cardiovascular disease in the United States and heart disease is the leading cause of death in North Dakota. Although obesity is a major risk factor for CHD, some studies have reported an inverse relationship between body mass index (BMI) and CHD outcomes. Understanding the epidemiology of CHD among individuals with and without obesity is essential to guide health planning. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence and identify predictors of CHD among North Dakota adults with and without obesity.
METHODS: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 2017 to 2021 were provided by the North Dakota Department of Health and Human Services. Weighted prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed for CHD and potential risk factors among respondents with and without obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify significant predictors of CHD in both groups.
RESULTS: A total of 17,092 respondents were included in the study. Respondents with obesity had a higher prevalence of CHD (4.7%, 95% CI: 4.2-5.4) than those without obesity (3.0%, 95% CI: 2.7-3.4). Predictors of CHD among both groups included age, sex, self-reported general health, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes. Having a personal doctor (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.13-3.23) and arthritis (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.34-2.22) were significant predictors of CHD among respondents without obesity, but not among those without obesity.
CONCLUSION: While the prevalence of CHD was significantly higher among adults with obesity compared to those without obesity, the findings of the stratified analysis indicated that predictors of the condition tended to be similar for the two groups. This study provides useful information to guide health planning and control programs that aim to reduce the burden of CHD in North Dakota.
Thalassemia Major (TM) is a hereditary anemia resulting from a single gene defect that results in abnormal red cell production. The survival of affected individuals is dependent upon lifelong blood transfusions. Unfortunately, this causes total body iron overload, and 50% of the patients in the UK are dead by the age of 35. Approximately 70% of these deaths result from heart failure which results as a consequence of cardiac iron toxicity.

A Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) technique (which exploits the fact that T2\* signal decay relates to tissue iron) developed at the Royal Brompton Hospital provides a non-invasive and reproducible assessment of cardiac iron. CMR therefore provides a very useful method to assess response to new treatments in this condition. Using cardiac T2\* as a primary endpoint, we will investigate whether the oral chelator, deferiprone in combination with traditional treatment (deferoxamine), is superior in removing cardiac iron as compared to deferoxamine alone. This trial will provide the first randomized controlled, double-blinded, evidence for the efficacy of combination treatment in TM.
Patients receive rituximab IV, doxorubicin hydrochloride IV, and cyclophosphamide IV on day 1; vindesine IV and bleomycin IV on days 1 and 5; oral prednisone on days 1-5; methotrexate intrathecally on day 2; and G-CSF SC on days 6-13 for 4 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of 4 courses of R-ACVBP, patients receive consolidation therapy comprising high-dose methotrexate IV, rituximab IV, ifosfamide IV, etoposide phosphate IV, and cytarabine SC according to protocol GELA LNH03-2B.
The proposed clinical trial will evaluate the efficacy and safety of topically-applied Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor (SLPI) peptide as a treatment for impaired wound healing states in 60-80 year old subjects who are at greatest risk of delayed wound healing. Administration of the drug topically should result in reduced elastase activity and inflammation, leading to accelerated matrix deposition and wound healing. Subjects will be randomly allocated to one of four possible groups: topical administration of SLPI or placebo (wounds excised at day 7 post-wounding) or topical administration of SLPI or placebo (wounds excised at day 50 post-wounding). The dose of SLPI will be determined in a dose-finding pilot study prior to the main study. Initial 4mm punch biopsies will be made in both upper inner arms (two per arm), followed by topical administration of SLPI or placebo. The wounds will be left to heal and all four wounds excised at either day 7 (for 50% of the volunteers) or day 50 post-wounding (for the other 50% of volunteers). The incidence of side-effects, and the rate of healing will be determined at these time-points. Successful demonstration of an enhanced therapeutic effect may provide a basis for the development of strategies to accelerate wound healing in those situations where it is comprised, such as with age and in chronic non-healing wounds.
Participants will receive 1 injection of active guselkumab and 1 injection of placebo when guselkumab is scheduled to be administered (Weeks 0, 4, 12, 20, 28, 36, and 44) or 2 injections of placebo when no guselkumab is scheduled to be administered (Weeks 1, 2, 3, 8, 16, 24, 32, and 40). Placebo injections will be administered to maintain the blind.
People with Parkinson's disease will have both electrodes placed 1-2 cm below and 3 cm to either side of the inion, with the anode assigned to the most PD-affected side and the cathode assigned to the less PD-affected side. Stimulation is ramped up to 4 mA over the first 30 seconds and stays at 4 mA for the remainder of the stimulation time.
Subjects in the exercise group will attend supervised exercise sessions three times a week, for 12 weeks. The exercise intervention will consist of uphill walking or jogging on a treadmill between 50% and 95% of VO2peak for 35 minutes (including a 5-minute warm up and cool down). The participants will complete four, 4-minute, high-intensity intervals at 85-95% of VO2peak. The work period intervals will be interspersed with three, 3-minute periods of active recovery at an intensity below that of their ventilatory threshold.
The post thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a form of secondary chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) that develops after a deep vein thrombosis (DVT). It affects up to 50% of patients after a proximal DVT (i.e. DVT involving popliteal vein or more proximal veins), and 5-10% of patients develop severe PTS. PTS is a chronic condition that reduces quality of life (QOL) and for which no curative treatment is available. Cornerstones of PTS treatment include the use of elastic compression stockings (ECS) to reduce leg symptoms and prevent PTS progression. However, ECS are incompletely effective, burdensome and costly to patients. Micronized Purified Flavonoid Fraction (MPFF, Venixxa), a venoactive drug, has been reported to be effective in reducing venous symptoms and signs and improving QOL in patients with CVI and has the potential to be effective for the treatment of PTS. Further, use of Venixxa is safe, with only few very mild and reversible reported side effects. However, studies of MPFF in patients with CVI have been of low to moderate quality, and there has been little use of this drug in North America. In addition, the effectiveness of MPFF has never been specifically evaluated in patients with PTS. Given that the pathophysiological mechanism of PTS is complex and unique (combination of obstructive and reflux mechanisms as well as inflammation), it is uncertain if MPFF is effective in patients with PTS, even if it may be effective for CVI more generally.

The MUFFIN-PTS study will be a multicentre (8-10 centres), randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Patients will be randomized (1:1 with stratification by centre) to receive 1000 mg of oral MPFF (Venixxa, one 500mg tablet BID) or an identically appearing placebo (one tablet BID) for 6 months, in addition to their usual PTS and DVT treatment (i.e. ECS and/or anticoagulation, at their treating physician's discretion). Its objectives are to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of MPFF (Venixxa) compared to placebo for the treatment of PTS.

86 patients with lower limb PTS will be enrolled in the study.
Subjects treated with RZL-012 will undergo a single treatment session with 32±4 injections. The maximal number of injections will be 36 with maximal doses of 183.6 mg for the low dose. Each injection point will be dosed with 5.1 mg RZL-012 for the low dose in a volume of 0.15 mL/injection site.
RA patients, 18 years or older and on stable doses of conventional DMARDs (MTX with or without hydroxychloroquine, sulfasalazine, with or without leflunomide therapy, where leflunomide therapy can be an alternate to MTX). Patient's disease activity can be controlled or near controlled (CDAI \<=12) or active if a recent DMARD or TNFi has been added, though they will have been on MTX at doses of at least 15mg weekly or leflunomide 10 mg or more for 4 weeks or more. A combination of csDMARDs at stable doses for 4 or more weeks with \>= MTX 10 mg weekly or ± MTX 10 mg weekly for at least 4 weeks with any dose of a conventional TNF inhibitor (stable dose + TNFi) is permitted.
Following a clinical diagnosis, patients undergo genetic testing. Patients with pre-mRNA factor 8 (PRPF8) mutation are categorised into subgroup 2.
The invention discloses a synthesis method and an application of an mPEG-poly(L-glutamic acid-gamma-hydrazide)-PDMAPMA triblock copolymer. According to the invention, end methoxy polyethylene glycol is subjected to cystamine modification; a gamma-benzyl ester-L-glutamic acid-N-carboxyanhydride ring-opening polymerization reaction is initiated; with a carbodiimide method, a small-molecular RAFT polymerization chain-transfer agent is bonded to an obtained diblock copolymer; RAFT polymerization is carried out with N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide as a monomer; and benzyl group is removed through hydrazinolysis, such that polyethylene glycol-poly(L-glutamic acid-gamma-hydrazide)-poly(N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide) triblock copolymer is obtained. With the synthesis method provided by the invention, molecular weights and chain lengths of all blocks of polymers can be flexibly controlled. Reaction conditions are mild, and raw materials are easy to obtain. The copolymer has a characteristic that the copolymer is amphiphilic when loading adriamycin, such that the block copolymer can be self-assembled into nano-particles. The copolymer can load chemotherapeutic drugs and genetic drugs at a same time. Drug potency is high, and toxic and side effects are greatly reduced.
To identify provider- and system-level facilitators (solutions) of clinical trial participation that can be in corporated in the digital navigation tool. We will pay special emphasis on the behavior research volunteerism and altruism and individuals who are at risk for cardio metabolic conditions. To develop solutions that will address patient-, provider and system-level barriers preventing clinical trial participation Objective 2: To test the adherence, feasibility, and efficacy of a research volunteerism and altruism component of a health and wellness web app. that provides personalized newsfeeds and curriculum about research and health-related volunteer and altruistic activities versus traditional patient navigation procedures and resources in clinical trial awareness.'awareness/knowledge, attitudes, willingness to participate in clinical trial, self-efficacy, and share knowledge about clinical trial opportunities to social network. To determine which elements of the digital tool and mobil app are associated with increased awareness/knowledge, intent to participate, and contagion
High-quality nursing is provided to the study group based on primary nursing. Nurses in primary nursing take responsibility for the total care of a patient and are accountable for his/her care over 24 h a day from the patient's admission to discharge. In this case, nurses have more time to communicate with patients and to establish the nurse-patient relationship. In addition, high-quality nursing offers effective nursing measures to patients in terms of multiple aspects and dimensions through planning patient-centered nursing care, strengthening the perioperative nursing since admission, and fully implementing the nursing responsibility system.
Patients receive educational materials on HPV and are asked of their willingness to proceed with the first HPV vaccination. Patients who express interest in receiving the HPV vaccination, then receive the first dose of the HPV vaccine and the next 2 doses approximately 2 months and 6 months following the initial vaccine.
BACKGROUND: The ability to ambulate is an important indicator for wellness and quality of life. A major health event, such as a surgery, can derail this ability, and return to preoperative walking ability is a marker for recovery. Self-reported walking measurements by patients are subject to bias, thus wearable technology such as activity monitors have risen in popularity. We evaluated postoperative ambulation using an accelerometer in outpatient general surgery procedures with the hypothesis that those patients with less postoperative ambulation were at risk for adverse outcomes.
METHODS: A retrospective review of patients undergoing outpatient abdominal surgeries from November 2016 to July 2019 at a Veteran Affairs Medical Center. Patients wore an accelerometer preoperatively and postoperatively to measure their ambulation (steps/day). Outcome measures were 30-day readmissions and Emergency Department (ED) utilization. Postoperative ambulation was defined as daily percentages of their preoperative baseline. Patients without preoperative baseline data, > 3 missing days or any missing days prior to reaching baseline were excluded.
RESULTS: One-hundred-six patients underwent outpatient abdominal surgery. Twenty-two patients were excluded. Patients stratified into adult (18-64 years, 44 patients, 52%) and geriatric (≥ 65 years, 40 patients, 48%) cohorts. Geriatric patients were less likely to meet their preoperative baseline by postoperative day 7, 35% vs 61%, p = 0.016. Adult patients who failed to meet their preoperative baseline in first postoperative week had higher ED utilization; 4 (24%) vs 1 (4%), p = 0.04. Geriatric patients who failed to meet their baseline trended toward increased ED utilization; 5 (19%) vs. 1 (7%), p = 0.31.
CONCLUSION: Patients aged < 65 who fail to return to their preoperative daily step count within one week of outpatient abdominal surgery are 6× more likely to be seen in the ED. Postoperative ambulation may be able to predict ED utilization and recovery after outpatient surgery.
The present invention relates to a blood glucose recording system of a user interlocked with an insurance company server that uses a blood glucose measurer and a smartphone. According to the present invention, the blood glucose recording system transmits blood glucose data of the user to the smartphone through near field communication (Wi-Fi or Bluetooth). A blood glucose recording server, which stores blood glucose records of the user in real time to provide personal blood glucose record data as an SaaS cloud service, collects the personal blood glucose records to make big data and perform analysis to provide the user with healthcare information through an insurance company application. Accordingly, an insurance company continuously recognizes the health state of a policyholder through the blood glucose recording server, thereby predicting the probability for future payment of insurance to differently calculate a premium. The blood glucose recording system is used as a measure for reducing adverse selection and moral laxity of an insurer and a policyholder, such that the insurer increases the probability for making a contract with an honest policyholder through efficient customer management and the policyholder receives healthcare through a corresponding service to continuously recognize his/her own diseases to receive assistance in healthcare. Accordingly, when the corresponding service is used based on a long-term contract, discounts can be applied to a premium.