anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Between 25 and 75% of people with persistent post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) experience cognitive difficulties, compromising functional ability, quality of life, and activities of daily living, including work. Despite this significant morbidity, there is a paucity of interventions for this disorder that have undergone evaluation within a formal trial setting. Therefore, we have developed a cognitive rehabilitation programme, specifically designed to address the cognitive symptoms of PASC, notably impaired attention and processing speed, while also accounting for other PASC symptoms (fatigue, post-exertional malaise) that may aggravate the cognitive impairment. This study protocol outlines a randomised controlled trial (RCT) designed to evaluate the effectiveness of this programme compared to standard clinical care.
METHODS: This is a multi-centre, parallel-group, individually randomised controlled trial, comparing standard clinical care with and without cognitive rehabilitation. We will recruit 120 non-hospitalised adults (aged 30-60 years) from three NHS sites in England with a history of COVID-19 infection and cognitive impairment persisting more than 3 months after the acute infection. Participants will be randomised (1:1) to the intervention or control groups, with the latter represented as a provision of standard clinical care without cognitive rehabilitation. The cognitive rehabilitation programme consists of ten 1-hour sessions, delivered weekly. Outcomes will be collected at baseline, 3, and 6 months, with participant-defined goal-attainment scores, relating to functional goals, at 3 months as the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcomes will be cognitive function, measures of quality of life, social functioning, mental health, fatigue, sleep, post-exertional malaise, and social and health care service use. We will also evaluate the health-economic benefits of cognitive rehabilitation in this population.
DISCUSSION: Cognitive impairment in PASC is a major cause of functional disability with no effective treatment. Accordingly, we will undertake an RCT of cognitive rehabilitation, the protocol of which is published here. If this trial is successful in delivering improvements in trial outcomes, it will address a major unmet need relating to this emergent disorder, with a significant impact on affected individuals and the wider health economy.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05731570. Registered on February 16, 2023.
PURPOSE:To obtain root canal treating agent capable of maintaining active ingredient in a root canal at an effective concentration during acting term and simultaneously being high in safeness and simple in usage, by dispersing a substance active to root canal treatment into a high polymer base and forming the dispersion into a rod or fiber. CONSTITUTION:A substance active to root canal treatment, e.g. antimicrobial agent, germicide, analgesic or antiphlogistics is dispersed into a high polymer base and formed into rod or fiber preparation having 0.05-3.0mm diameter. The content of the active substance is in the range of 0.01-30wt.%. As the high polymer base, a water soluble high polymer (e.g. methylcellulose or polyacrylic acid), water-insoluble high polymer (e.g. ethylcellulose), slightly soluble high polymer (e.g. polyglycolic acid) or high polymer (preferably high polymer dissolving at acidic side) dissolving at a limited pH range is used and release control of the active substance is made possible by properly combining the above-mentioned substances.
A significant Omicron wave emerged in China in December 2022. To explore the duration of humoral and cellular response postinfection and the efficacy of hybrid immunity in preventing Omicron reinfection in patients with lung cancer, a total of 447 patients were included in the longitudinal study after the Omicron wave from March 2023 to August 2023. Humoral responses were measured at pre-Omicron wave, 3 months and 7 months postinfection. The detected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) specific antibodies including total antibodies, anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) specific IgG, and neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 wild type (WT) and BA.4/5 variant. T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 WT and Omicron variant were evaluated in 101 patients by ELISpot at 3 months postinfection. The results showed that Omicron-infected symptoms were mild, while fatigue (30.2%), shortness of breath (34.0%) and persistent cough (23.6%) were long-lasting, and vaccines showed efficacy against fever in lung cancer patients. Humoral responses were higher in full or booster vaccinated patients than those unvaccinated (p < .05 for all four antibodies), and the enhanced response persisted for at least 7 months. T cell response to Omicron was higher than WT peptides (21.3 vs. 16.0 SFUs/106 PBMCs, p = .0093). Moreover, 38 (9.74%) patients were reinfected, which had lower antibody responses than non-reinfected patients (all p < .05), and those patients of unvaccinated at late stage receiving anti-cancer immunotherapy alone were at high risk of reinfection. Collectively, these data demonstrate the Omicron infection induces a high and durable immune response in vaccinated patients with lung cancer, which protects vaccinated patients from reinfection.
A traditional Chinese medicine composition which is completely made of Chinese traditional medicines for treating tobacco craving and drug addiction is disclosed. The composition comprises following traditional Chinese medicines by weight: 1-3 parts of nux vomica (mix-fried), 10-30 parts of smallflower milkwort herb with root, 10-30 parts of rhizoma corydalis, 10-30 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 20-50 parts of astragalus propinquus, 10-30 parts of angelica sinensis, 10-30 parts of ginseng and 10-20 parts of licorice. The objective of the invention is to provide the traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating tobacco craving and drug addiction and a preparing method thereof. The composition is free of medicines which are addictive, narcotic and high in toxic and side effects. The composition determines dependence for drug abstainers and ex-smokers by detoxication, toxin expelling, heart addiction elimination and elimination of protracted syndromes. The composition can eliminate pain when withdrawal symptoms occur, and can repair a damaged central nervous system and a pathological constitution. The composition is accepted by patients by unique curative effects.
Single-task (conventional balance, coordination and cognitive training- active control) group participants will receive 10 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of conventional balance and coordination exercises that are in accordance to previously published literature, 20 minutes of cognitive training as single-task (same 4 tasks provided for the CIBT) and 10 minutes of cool down. In addition, falls prevention strategies will also be taught.
Chronic orofacial pain has a significant negative impact that influences individuals' quality of life and our society. The prevalence is around 11.2% to 33.2% and remains high in females. Currently, there are two main diagnostic classification systems that are used internationally for chronic pain: the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11), which was published by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2018, and the International Classification of Orofacial Pain, which was published by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) in 2020. Deficits in ascending and descending pain modulation pathways may be involved in the chronic pain pathophysiology. A newly described "trigeminal proprioceptive mesencephalic periaqueductal gray pathway" is considered to be the mechanism of action of occlusal appliance in managing orofacial pain. The genetic basis of chronic orofacial pain is not yet fully understood, but a genetic susceptibility involving multiple genes among the peripheral nerves, brainstem and higher brain regions to regulate and suppress the transmission of pain signals, thereby modulating the perception of pain, is likely.
The invention provides processes for making low viscosity condensates, condensates per se, and processes for making polymers from these condensates. The invention also encompasses the polymer products of these processes, especially articles for dental use. The condensates per se of the invention are of hydrolyzable silanes. The condensates can contain one or more elements selected from the group consisting of B, AI, P, Sn, Pb, the transition metals, the lanthanides and the actinides. Processes of the invention for making polymers from the condensates optionally include use of compounds that can be polymerized ionically or by radical reactions in addition to the hydrolyzable silanes. Curing of the polymers is optionally performed by photochemical, thermal or by redox-induction methods.
BACKGROUND: One randomized phase III trial comparing chemotherapy (CT) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has demonstrated significant efficacy of ICI in deficient DNA mismatch repair system/microsatellite instability-high (dMMR/MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer. However, few studies have compared ICI with CT in other advanced dMMR/MSI-H digestive tumors.
METHODS: In this multicenter study, we included patients with advanced dMMR/MSI-H non-colorectal digestive tumors treated with chemotherapy and/or ICIs. Patients were divided retrospectively into two groups, a CT group and an immunotherapy (IO) group. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). A propensity score approach using the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method was applied to deal with potential differences between the two groups.
RESULTS: 133 patients (45.1/27.1/27.8% with gastric/small bowel/other carcinomas) were included. The majority of patients received ICI in 1st (29.1%) or 2nd line (44.4%). The 24-month PFS rates were 7.9% in the CT group and 71.2% in the IO group. Using the IPTW method, IO treatment was associated with better PFS (HR=0.227; 95% CI 0.147-0.351; p < 0.0001). The overall response rate was 26.3% in the CT group versus 60.7% in the IO group (p < 0.001) with prolonged duration of disease control in the IO group (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, predictive factors of PFS for patients treated with IO were good performance status, absence of liver metastasis and prior primary tumor resection, whereas no association was found for the site of the primary tumor.
CONCLUSIONS: In the absence of randomized trials, our study highlights the superior efficacy of ICI compared with standard-of-care therapy in patients with unresectable or metastatic dMMR/MSI-H non-colorectal digestive cancer, regardless of tumor type, with acceptable toxicity.
A system for determining individualized risk of developing aerodigestive cancers or cancers of the liver is described. Methods and compositions for assessing ERCC5 and/or IGF2R genetic variation and expression and their effects in view of certain environmental exposures in determining the risk of an individual for developing one or more epithelial cancers are provided. The system includes a kit used to collect a DNA sample from an individual and data related to the individual's medical and occupational history, use of tobacco and alcohol products as well as the individual's environment. An algorithm may be applied to transform the DNA sample and data into an individualized risk score, accounting for inter-individual variation in genetic profile and environmental/lifestyle exposures. The risk score may be indicative of the individual's risk of having or developing epithelial cancer, and the cancers prognosis. The risk score may be distributed to one or more of the individual, physician and other personnel. Test results and risk score have novel clinical utilities; diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment programs and activities may be facilitated by one or more of the kit and the risk score.
Two common voice disorders, vocal fold lesions (lesions) and muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) constitute over 60% of voice clinic caseloads. Over 80% of patients with lesions and nearly 100% of those with MTD are treated exclusively with voice therapy.7,8 Traditional, bottom-up hierarchical, non-conversation based voice therapy is the established standard of care used most widely by speech-language pathologists (SLP) in clinical practice.e.g.3,9,10 However, the investigators group's published research indicated a clear need to target conversational voice use in treatment.2 Currently, no treatment program exists with a focus on voice use in conversation. Most voice therapy techniques are based in hierarchical, programmatic approaches aimed at manipulating phonatory physiology for voice improvement. These hierarchies necessitate that the final step in therapy is generalization of the target voice techniques to spontaneous, conversational speech.3 Three major problems exist with this approach to voice therapy, which the current proposal aims to address.

First, A hierarchical non-conversational approach to therapy builds treatment from unvoiced breathing to single sounds and rote phrases to connected speech to spontaneous every day conversation last, if at all, and patients are often discharged from therapy unable to generalize therapy techniques to conversation. Second, the use of a hierarchical, bottom-up approach necessitates a protracted time in treatment. Third, attrition rates for behavioral voice therapy are estimated between 16-65%,4,17 and voice problem relapse rates are between 51-68%.
Only 9% of the population in Southern Ethiopia consumes pulse and pulse total contribution of the diet is less than 4.9% for women and less than 3.3% for children.Young children are at risk of developing malnutrition because of dietary inadequacy. Educational interventions can improve feeding practices and growth of young children. The overall purpose of the study is to evaluate nutrition education interventions to promote pulse incorporated complementary food to the wider rural community through the government system to improve maternal knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) and nutritional status of young children (6 to 24 months). The hypothesis is that nutrition education improves mothers knowledge, attitude and practice of pulse incorporated complementary food and improves dietary intake of iron and zinc and nutritional status of young children. Before, at midline and end of the intervention we will assess the KAP of mothers, dietary intake of iron and zinc and nutritional status of young children. The nutrition education intervention will be given for 9 months. Serum ferritin, serum zinc, C-Reactive protein and hemoglobin and dietary intake of iron and zinc of young children will be measured at the beginning and ending of the intervention.
Numerous studies have demonstrated the potential of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques as a viable treatment option for cerebellar ataxia. However, there is a notable dearth of research investigating the efficacy of NIBS specifically for hereditary ataxia (HA), a distinct subgroup within the broader category of cerebellar ataxia. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis in order to assess the efficacy of various NIBS methods for the treatment of HA. A thorough review of the literature was conducted, encompassing both English and Chinese articles, across eight electrical databases. The focus was on original articles investigating the therapeutic effectiveness of non-invasive brain stimulation for hereditary ataxia, with a publication date prior to March 2023. Subsequently, a meta-analysis was performed specifically on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that fulfilled the eligibility criteria, taking into account the various modalities of non-invasive brain stimulation. A meta-analysis was conducted, comprising five RCTs, which utilized the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) as the outcome measure to evaluate the effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The findings revealed a statistically significant mean decrease of 1.77 in the total SARA score following repetitive TMS (rTMS) (p=0.006). Subgroup analysis based on frequency demonstrated a mean decrease of 1.61 in the total SARA score after high-frequency rTMS (p=0.05), while no improvement effects were observed after low-frequency rTMS (p=0.48). Another meta-analysis was performed on three studies, utilizing ICARS scores, to assess the impact of rTMS. The results indicated that there were no statistically significant differences in pooled ICARS scores between the rTMS group and the sham group (MD=0.51, 95%CI: -5.38 to 6.39; p=0.87). These findings align with the pooled results of two studies that evaluated alterations in post-intervention BBS scores (MD=0.74, 95%CI: -5.48 to 6.95; p=0.82). Despite the limited number of studies available, this systematic review and meta-analysis have revealed promising potential benefits of rTMS for hereditary ataxia. However, it is strongly recommended that further high-quality investigations be conducted in this area. Furthermore, the significance of standardized protocols for NIBS in future studies was also emphasized.
Identically matched placebo administered intranasally twice-daily. One dose is defined as intranasal spray of 100 μL per each nostril x 5 sprays in alternating nostrils with a 30 second wait between sprays for a total dose volume of 500 μL.
The invention discloses a disease identification method based on conventional inspection data, and belongs to the field of medical inspection and the field of disease identification. The overall architecture comprises a data acquisition module for acquiring routine test data, such as blood routine, biochemical data, urine routine and the like. And the data processing module is used for further cleaning and screening the obtained conventional inspection data, removing pediatric, emergency treatment, ICU and physical examination data, selecting data with disease labels in the conventional data, and filling missing values of the data, processing unbalance of sample data and standardizing the data. And the model construction module is used for constructing the model by utilizing an integrated algorithm random forest. And the disease identification module is used for utilizing the constructed optimal model and inputting conventional test data to carry out disease identification. The disease identification method has the advantages that the disease identification method is based on routine test data of the hospital clinical laboratory, has a special disease leakage prevention function for the hospital clinical laboratory, has a function of assisting diagnosis and decision making of doctors for different departments, has a disease prompt function for patients, and has a rare disease and genetic disease screening function for medical health care institutions.
This is a randomized, double-blinded, and positive-controlled phaseⅡb clinical trial of 640 participants aged 18 years and above, who have completed 2 doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (CoronaVac®) or mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Comirnaty) as the primary vaccination. Participants will be enrolled and randomly assigned into two arms at a ratio of 1:1 to receive a booster dose of medium-dose (600SU) or high-dose (1200SU) COVID-19 Vaccine. For those who were vaccinated with CoronaVac®, the booster dose will be given 3-8 months after their second dose. For those who were vaccinated with Comirnaty, the booster dose will be given 6-8 months after their second dose. Each participant will be collected 5.0 ml blood sample before vaccination and 14 days,3 months and 6 months after booster immunization.Immunogenicity assessments will be determined by neutralizing antibodies in all participants.In addition,all participants will be monitored for immediate reactions (within 30 minutes) after the booster dose vaccination, adverse events of special interest (AESIs) and serious adverse events (SAEs) for 12 months after booster dose inoculation. In addition, all participants in will be monitored for local and systemic solicited adverse events (AEs) within 7 days and the unsolicited AEs within 28 days.
The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine feed additive for controlling pig balantidiosis. The feed additive is characterized in that: the additive is prepared from medicine materials of, by weight: 15 parts of realgar, 15 parts of pomegranata rind, 10 parts of submature bitter orange, 5 parts of oriental waterplantain tuber, 10 parts of amur corktree bark and lightyellow sophora root, 15 parts of tangerine peel, 15 parts of almond, and 10 parts of golden thread. The preparation method comprises the steps that: the medicine materials are mixed and crushed, or are respectively crushed and then mixed, such that the feed additive is obtained. The feed additive is mixed into a pig feedstuff with a proportion of 0.5-0.7%, and the mixture is used for feeding pigs. The medicine materials adopted by the invention provide functions of balantidium coli killing, detoxifying, diarrhea checking with astringent, heat clearing, dampness eliminating, healthy qi strengthening, and pathogens eliminating. The feed additive provided by the invention has good preventing and treating effects against pig balantidiosis.
Conductive keratoplasty (CK) had shown to be a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of low to moderate hypeopia. It had been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat presbyope in early 2004. CK appeals to both surgeons and patients as it avoids the need for flap creation, the use of high intraocular pressure (IOP), or tissue ablation.
Physiological pain serves as a warning of exposure to danger and prompts us to withdraw from noxious stimuli to prevent tissue damage. Pain can also alert us of an infection or organ dysfunction and aids in locating such malfunction. However, there are instances where pain is purely pathological, such as unresolved pain following an inflammation or injury to the nervous system, and this can be debilitating and persistent. We now appreciate that immune cells are integral to both physiological and pathological pain, and that pain, in consequence, is not strictly a neuronal phenomenon. Here, we discuss recent findings on how immune cells in the skin, nerve, dorsal root ganglia, and spinal cord interact with somatosensory neurons to mediate pain. We also discuss how both innate and adaptive immune cells, by releasing various ligands and mediators, contribute to the initiation, modulation, persistence, or resolution of various modalities of pain. Finally, we propose that the neuroimmune axis is an attractive target for pain treatment, but the challenges in objectively quantifying pain preclinically, variable sex differences in pain presentation, as well as adverse outcomes associated with immune system modulation, all need to be considered in the development of immunotherapies against pain.
Developing biocompatible injectable hydrogels with high mechanical strength and rapid strong tissue adhesion for hemostatic sealing of uncontrolled bleeding remains a prevailing challenge. Herein, we engineer an injectable and photo-cross-linkable hydrogel based on naturally derived gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) and N-hydroxysuccinimide-modified poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γPGA-NHS). The chemically dual-cross-linked hydrogel rapidly forms after UV light irradiation and covalently bonds to the underlying tissue to provide robust adhesion. We demonstrate a significantly improved hemostatic efficacy of the hydrogel using various injury models in rats compared to the commercially available fibrin glue. Notably, the hydrogel can achieve hemostasis in porcine liver and spleen incision, and femoral artery puncture models. Moreover, the hydrogel is used for sutureless repair of the liver defect in a rat model with a significantly suppressed inflammatory response, enhanced angiogenesis, and superior healing efficacy compared to fibrin glue. Together, this study offers a promising bioadhesive for treating severe bleeding and facilitating wound repair.