anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) suggests that the hypoxic ventilatory response is facilitated by the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), not at the carotid bodies, but within a subnucleus (Bregma -7.5 to -7.1 mm) of the nucleus tractus solitarius that exhibits right-sided bilateral asymmetry. Here, we map this subnucleus using cFos expression as a surrogate for neuronal activation and mice in which the genes encoding the AMPK-α1 (Prkaa1) and AMPK-α2 (Prkaa2) catalytic subunits were deleted in catecholaminergic cells by Cre expression via the tyrosine hydroxylase promoter. Comparative analysis of brainstem sections, relative to controls, revealed that AMPK-α1/α2 deletion inhibited, with right-sided bilateral asymmetry, cFos expression in and thus activation of a neuronal cluster that partially spanned three interconnected anatomical nuclei adjacent to the area postrema: SolDL (Bregma -7.44 mm to -7.48 mm), SolDM (Bregma -7.44 mm to -7.48 mm) and SubP (Bregma -7.48 mm to -7.56 mm). This approximates the volume identified by fMRI. Moreover, these nuclei are known to be in receipt of carotid body afferent inputs, and catecholaminergic neurons of SubP and SolDL innervate aspects of the ventrolateral medulla responsible for respiratory rhythmogenesis. Accordingly, AMPK-α1/α2 deletion attenuated hypoxia-evoked increases in minute ventilation (normalised to metabolism), reductions in expiration time, and increases sigh frequency, but increased apnoea frequency during hypoxia. The metabolic response to hypoxia in AMPK-α1/α2 knockout mice and the brainstem and spinal cord catecholamine levels were equivalent to controls. We conclude that within the brainstem an AMPK-dependent, hypoxia-responsive subnucleus partially spans SubP, SolDM and SolDL, namely SubSol-HIe, and is critical to coordination of active expiration, the hypoxic ventilatory response and defence against apnoea.
BACKGROUND: Short bowel syndrome (SBS) in adults is defined as having less than 180 to 200 cm of remaining small bowel. Many literature sources do not provide precise epidemiological data, and challenges in estimating the prevalence of SBS include its multifactorial etiology and varying definitions. The most common pathologies leading to SBS include Crohn disease, mesenteric ischemia, radiation enteritis, post-surgical adhesions, and post-operative complications.
CASE PRESENTATION: This article presents a clinical case of a 76-year-old Lithuanian patient who underwent parenteral nutrition for four months due to SBS. Before the following diagnosis, the patient had undergone two surgeries. During the hospitalization, life-threatening conditions such as stercoral peritonitis, septic shock, and acute respiratory failure, were observed and treated. As a result of SBS, hypoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia developed, leading to the prescription of full parenteral nutrition. After correcting the malnutrition, a third surgery was performed, resulting in the discontinuation of parenteral nutrition and the resumption of a regular diet.
CONCLUSIONS: Parenteral nutrition is the sole effective method for preserving the lives of patients with a short segment of the intestine. While on parenteral nutrition, patients can be prepared for reconstructive surgery.
PCT No. PCT/US93/07904 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 26, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 26, 1995 PCT Filed Aug. 20, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/04163 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 3, 1994The present invention relates to neutral, aqueous soluble  beta -glucans which exert potent and specific immunological effects without stimulating the production of certain cytokines, to preparations containing the novel  beta -glucans, and to a novel manufacturing process therefor. The neutral, aqueous soluble  beta -glucan preparation has a high affinity for the  beta -glucans receptor of human monocytes and retains two primary biological (or immunological) activities, (1) the enhancement of microbicidal activity of phagocytic cells, and (2) monocyte, neutrophil and platelet hemopoietic activity. Unlike soluble glucans described in the prior art, the neutral, aqueous soluble  beta -glucans of this invention neither induces nor primes IL-1 beta  and TNF alpha  production in vitro and in vivo. Safe and efficacious preparations of neutral, aqueous soluble  beta -glucan of the present invention can be used in therapeutic and/or prophylactic treatment regimens of humans and animals to enhance their immune response, without stimulating the production of certain biochemical mediators (e.g., IL-1 beta , TNF alpha ) that can cause detrimental side effects, such as fever and inflammation.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a vegetable antimicrobial agent, having high safety and excellent in antimicrobial actions by using Eugenia caryophylli and utilize the resultant germicide for foods and environmental and medicinal materials. SOLUTION: This vegetable antimicrobial agent comprises an extract obtained by adding water to a dried floral axis and a cortex of Eugenia caryophylli at (1:3) to (1:10) weight ratio and distilling the resultant mixture with a circulating type continuous distillation plant. For example, the extract is contained alone or together with a vegetable preservative to afford a preservative for foods. In this case, the weight ratio of the extract to the food preservative is (1:2) to (2:1) when the food preservative is a 4-12C lower fatty acid monoglyceride, (1:4) to (4:1) when the food preservative is ethyl alcohol and (1:3.6:5.4) to (5.4:1.5:4.5) when the food preservative is glycerol and ethyl alcohol at the time of mixing the extract solution with the food preservative.  The mixing ratio of the extract solution to the ethyl alcohol and propylene glycol is (0.5:89.5:10) to (5:85:10) expressed in terms of weight ratio to provide an environmental disinfecting type germicide for spraying. The extract solution in an amount of 0.5-1.0 pt.wt. is added to a dentifrice or a chewing gum to afford a dental hygienic composition or the extract solution is similarly added to a medicinal cosmetic to provide a cosmetic composition.
Refer to the "Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021." recommendations.
PURPOSE: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a monogenetic disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein and affecting multiple organs, including the lungs and liver. Almost 90% of people affected carry at least 1 Phe508del CFTR mutation. Medical treatment with the CFTR-modulating drug elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ETI) has been proven to be efficacious in carriers of at least 1 Phe508del CFTR mutation. Use of ETI in patients with CF (pwCF) and liver cirrhosis is still controversial. Therefore, stepwise introduction of ETI in pwCF and liver cirrhosis Child-Pugh A or B was evaluated using clinical and therapeutic drug monitoring.
METHODS: Seven consecutive pwCF received ETI. Four dosing steps were defined, at each of which the patients underwent clinical examination, routine blood tests, and therapeutic drug monitoring. Exposure of elexacaftor, tezacaftor, and ivacaftor was assessed by means of determination of AUC.
FINDINGS: ETI was successfully introduced and maintained in all pwCF. In those with Child-Pugh B cirrhosis (n = 2), diminishment of the dose as recommended by the label resulted in AUC values that were lower than the mean AUC values in pwCF without hepatic impairment, as reported previously.
IMPLICATIONS: Despite the limitations of this small case series, stepwise elevation of ETI dose did not induce clinical adverse effects or increases in serum liver test results under strict clinical follow-up and therapeutic drug monitoring, and may allow tolerable introduction of this therapy in pwCF and cirrhosis Child-Pugh A and possibly B.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

The safety of RIVFLOZA has been evaluated in one placebo-controlled clinical trial (PHYOX2) and one open-label extension study (PHYOX3). Across these studies, 29 adults and 12 children with PH1 have been treated with RIVFLOZA. Patients with PH1 in these studies ranged in age from 9 to 46 years at first dose. The median duration of exposure was approximately 15 months (range 1 to 29 months). Overall, 38 patients with PH1 were treated for at least 6 months, 24 patients for at least 12 months, and 16 patients for at least 18 months.

In the randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind PHYOX2 trial in pediatric and adult patients 9 to 46 years of age, 18 patients with PH1 received RIVFLOZA and 11 patients received placebo. Of the 18 patients treated with RIVFLOZA, 17 patients received ≥5 months of active treatment. The most common adverse reaction was injection site reactions, which were reported in 7 patients with PH1 (39%) on RIVFLOZA as compared to no patients on placebo. Injection site reactions included erythema, pain, bruising, and rash and were generally mild and did not lead to discontinuation of treatment. 

In the single-arm extension study (PHYOX3) that included 40 patients with PH1, additional injection site reactions included atrophy in 1 patient (3%).
BACKGROUND: Infections following postmastectomy implant-based breast reconstruction (IBR) can compromise surgical outcomes and lead to significant morbidity. This study aimed to discern the timing of infections in two-stage IBR and associated risk factors.
METHOD: A review of electronic health records was conducted on 1096 breasts in 1058 patients undergoing two-stage IBR at Seoul National University Hospital (2015-2020). Infections following the first-stage tissue expander (TE) insertion and second-stage TE exchange were analyzed separately, considering associated risk factors.
RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 53.5 months, infections occurred in 2.9% (32/1096) after the first stage and 4.1% (44/1070) after the second stage. Infections following the first-stage procedure exhibited a bimodal distribution across time, while those after the second-stage procedure showed a unimodal pattern. When analyzing risk factors for infection after the first-stage procedure, axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) was associated with early (≤7 weeks) infection, while both ALND and obesity were independent predictors of late (>7 weeks) infection. For infections following the second-stage procedure, obesity, postmastectomy radiotherapy, a history of expander infection, ALND, and the use of textured implants were identified as independent risk factors. Postmastectomy radiotherapy was related to non-salvaged outcomes after infection following both stages.
CONCLUSION: Infections following first and second-stage IBR exhibit distinct timelines reflecting different pathophysiology. Understanding these timelines and associated risk factors will inform patient selection for IBR and aid in tailored postoperative surveillance planning. These findings contribute to refining patient suitability for IBR and optimizing personalized postoperative care strategies.
The recommended dose of Stimufend is two doses, 6 mg each, administered subcutaneously one week apart. For dosing in pediatric patients weighing less than 45 kg, refer to Table 1. Administer the first dose as soon as possible after suspected or confirmed exposure to radiation levels greater than 2 gray (Gy). Administer the second dose one week after the first dose. 

Obtain a baseline complete blood count (CBC). Do not delay administration of Stimufend if a CBC is not readily available. Estimate a patient's absorbed radiation dose (i.e., level of radiation exposure) based on information from public health authorities, biodosimetry if available, or clinical findings such as time to onset of vomiting or lymphocyte depletion kinetics.
Patients using Dovonex® Cream should receive the following information and instructions:

  1. This medication is to be used only as directed by the physician. It is for external use only. Avoid contact with the face or eyes. As with any topical medication, patients should wash their hands after application.
  2. This medication should not be used for any disorder other than that for which it was prescribed.
  3. Patients should report to their physician any signs of adverse reactions.
  4. Patients that apply Dovonex® to exposed portions of the body should avoid excessive exposure to either natural or artificial sunlight (including tanning booths, sun lamps, etc.).
Participants will use the Buzzy, a small vibration device during their Botulinum toxin treatments. The Buzzy will be held over the injection site for 30 sec prior to the injection, then will be moved more rostral during the actual injection. The Buzzy will be applied in the same fashion to each targeted muscle.
Probiotic treatment in IBS is safe and effective. Probiotics have been shown to improve the anti-inflammatory/proinflammatory ratio, and may also improve intestinal motility, and the bacterial composition of the intestines. There is a substantial body of evidence in support of the use of probiotics in IBS. Probiotics appear to be particularly effective in the reduction of abdominal bloating and discomfort. The strains of the multispecies probiotic combination (BIO-25 LR) were tested and found to be beneficial in well-designed studies of IBS patients. Patients with post-infectious IBS, as well as many patients with "classic" IBS, manifest a low-grade inflammatory state that may be associated with visceral hypersensitivity and impaired motility. Probiotics may suppress this low-grade inflammation. In a recent study we found that highly sensitive CRP (hs-CRP), a serum marker of micro-inflammation, was significantly higher in patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS than healthy controls, although within normal limits in both groups. Thus, hs-CRP may serve as a marker of this low-grade, sub-clinical inflammation. If treatment with probiotic reduces the degree of low-grade inflammation in IBS, the improvement may be reflected in reduced hs-CRP levels. This study can contribute to our understanding of the pathophysiology of IBS and provide further evidence for the effectiveness of probiotic in its treatment.
Patients receive CBL0137 IV over 30 minutes on days 1 and 8. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 17 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo bone marrow aspirate and/or biopsy at baseline, ECHO prior to cycle 1, and as clinically indicated undergo collection of blood samples throughout the trial.
A digital camera containing patient images is connected to an uploader computer and the patient's name or history is entered into the uploader computer. The uploader computer then connects to the Internet, connects to the secure host server, uploads the images to the host server and shuts down the Internet connection. After the physician selects a medical facility and the system verifies the physician's user I.D. and password, the host server constructs an HTML web page which includes a list of patients whose images were previously uploaded by the medical facility and are available for viewing. The physician simply selects the name of a patient and the host server displays the patient information and images on the physician's computer. The system is password-protected at all levels and the operator for each medical facility determines who may have access to the medical facility images.
General: As with other antibiotic preparations, prolonged use of Bacitracin Zinc and Polymyxin B Sulfate Ophthalmic Ointment may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms including fungi. If superinfection occurs, appropriate measures should be initiated.

Bacterial resistance to Bacitracin Zinc and Polymyxin B Sulfate Ophthalmic Ointment may also develop. If purulent discharge, inflammation, or pain become aggravated, the patient should discontinue use of the medication and consult a physician.

There have been reports of bacterial keratitis associated with the use of topical ophthalmic products in multiple-dose containers which have been inadvertently contaminated by patients, most of whom has a concurrent corneal disease or a disruption of the ocular epithelial surface (see PRECAUTIONS: Information for Patients).

Allergic cross-reactions may occur which could prevent the use of any or all of the following antibiotics for the treatment of future infections: kanamycin, paromomycin, streptomycin, and possibly gentamicin.

Information for Patients: Patients should be instructed to avoid allowing the tip of the dispensing container to contact the eye, eyelid, fingers, or any other surface. The use of this product by more than one person may spread infection.

Patients should also be instructed that ocular products, if handled improperly, can become contaminated by common bacteria known to cause ocular infections. Serious damage to the eye and subsequent loss of vision may result from using contaminated products (see PRECAUTIONS: General).

If the condition persists or gets worse, or if a rash or other allergic reaction develops, the patient should be advised to stop use and consult a physician. Do not use this product if you are allergic to any of the listed ingredients.

Keep tightly closed when not in use. Keep out of reach of children.

Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility: Long-term studies in animals to evaluate carcinogenic or mutagenic potential have not been conducted with polymyxin B sulfate or bacitracin. Polymyxin B has been reported to impair the motility of equine sperm, but its effects on male or female fertility are unknown. No adverse effects on male or female fertility, litter size, or survival were observed in rabbits given bacitracin zinc 100 gm/ton of diet.

Pregnancy:Teratogenic effects -Pregnancy Category C. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with polymyxin B sulfate or bacitracin. It is also not known whether Bacitracin Zinc and Polymyxin B Sulfate Ophthalmic Ointment can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. Bacitracin Zinc and Polymyxin B Sulfate Ophthalmic Ointment should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.

Nursing Mothers: It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when Bacitracin Zinc and Polymyxin B Sulfate Ophthalmic Ointment is administered to a nursing woman.

Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.
The reproducibility of applying a targeted STM stroke force will be determined within and between therapists, both with and without visual monitoring of the QSTM metrics and graphic display. Two novice and two experienced therapists will be trained using QSTM. A novice is defined as a clinician with \<1 year and an experienced with \>8 years of practice. Fifty (n=50) healthy, non-obese subjects will be enrolled that meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria. First, the clinicians will apply a self-perceived "moderate" force for 15sec (non-therapeutic dose), within subject tolerance, without using QSTM feedback. Then, the clinician will apply a targeted force of 10N with visual monitoring of QSTM feedback. This process will be repeated 5-7 days later to determine repeatability. After testing, subjects will participate in simple back and/or leg stretches and an ice pack applied.
Fifty Veterans who are currently receiving treatment in the PTSD RRTP at a Midwest VA will be recruited to participate in a Group PE protocol. Participants will engage in 12, 90-minute sessions of Group PE over the course of 6 weeks. Treatment consists of psychoeducation, rationale for treatment, and in vivo exposure to reduce trauma-related avoidance and thereby improve PTSD symptoms. PTSD symptoms will be measured via the PCL-5. The goal of this pilot study will be to determine whether or not it will be feasible to conduct a full-scale trial of Group PE in the current setting by testing the process, resources, management, and scientific basis of the planned trial. As such, the proposed study will primarily assess feasibility outcomes and not efficacy outcomes. The investigators will assess number of participants screened, number meeting inclusion criteria, adherence of participants to the proposed treatment (measured via number of sessions attended), standard deviation of the outcome measure (PCL-5), response rates to questionnaires, and loss to follow-up. The investigators will also measure clinicians' adherence to protocol and acceptability of the treatment to patients.
The invention discloses an application of longstamen onion bulb in preparing a medicine used for treating depression. Depression is a sub-type of affective disorder, and has specific representations of low spirit, mental retardation, and verbal action reduction. Disease occurrence of depression is usually slow. Currently, no definite conclusion is provided for the pathogenesis of depression. Generally, it is believed that biochemical dysfunction of central nervous system is closely related to depression, and depression is mainly caused by reductions of nor-epinephrine (NE), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and other neurotransmitters. The medicine provided by the invention assists in effectively ameliorating the symptoms, and provides a good effect in clinical applications.
The upper part of the abdominal cavity was evenly and bilaterally filled with the 0.9% normal saline in the amount of 500cc. Later, a pulmonary recruitment maneuver consisting of five manual pulmonary inflations was performed with a maximum pressure of 60 cmH20. The anesthesiologist held the fifth positive pressure inflation for approximately 5 seconds.
INTRODUCTION: Cortical blindness occurs with bilateral damage to the visual cortex. It can be caused by various reasons, including the posterior cerebral arteries stroke due to the tentorial herniation.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A case of a 40-year-old patient with a large right-sided sphenoidal meningioma. A systematic review on the problem of cortical blindness after tentorial herniation according to the PRISMA guideline.
RESULTS: Subtotal removal of dense meningioma. At night after the operation, there was an acute headache, then a coma. Immediately dehydration therapy, tracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation. CT scan showed a small hemorrhage in the tumor bed and subarachnoid space, brain edema and dislocation. After 53 minutes, ventricular drainage was installed, intracranial pressure was normal and ranged from 6 to 14 mmHg. After sedation withdrawal, cortical blindness was detected, which did not regress for 1.5 years. There are no other neurological symptoms, the patient walks, serves herself. Radiation therapy in a total of 54 Gy for the remainder of the grade 1 meningioma ensured tumor control.
DISCUSSION: The time window for restoration of the cerebral blood flow, according to the European Stroke Organization guidelines, is 4.5 hours. In this case, compression of the posterior cerebral arteries lasted less than 53 minutes, however, irreversible ischemia developed in their territory; the outcome on the modified Rankine scale was 4 points. Similar cases are not described in the literature.
CONCLUSION: Patients should be warned about even the non-obvious risks of neurosurgical intervention, since even timely measures taken do not always avoid complications.