anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic lipase (PLP) is an enzyme responsible for the catalytic hydrolysis of fats and its inhibition is relevant for obesity management. Side effects linked with orthodox inhibitors have, however, paved the way for an increased search for safe natural sources. The present study investigated the anti-glycation, anti-inflammatory, and anti-lipase properties of Rauvolfia vomitoria aqueous (ARV), ethanolic (ERV), and methanolic (MRV) leaf extracts coupled with the molecular interactions of selected bioactive compounds with PLP using in vitro and in silico techniques. Phytochemical constituents were characterized using spectroscopic techniques. Drug-likeness and chemical reactivity profile of selected bioactive compounds were analyzed using SwissADME and quantum chemical calculations. FT-IR and GC-MS affirmed the presence of phenolic compounds including 3-phenyl-2-ethoxypropylphthalimide and 5-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-indole. All extracts showed moderate anti-glycation, anti-inflammatory, and lipase inhibitory capacities relative to standard controls. However, MRV exhibited the highest lipase inhibition (IC50, 0.17 ± 0.01 mg/mL), using a mixed-inhibition pattern. MRV interaction with PLP resulted in decreased secondary structure components of PLP (α-sheet, β-turn). MRV compounds (MCP20, MCP28, etc.) exhibited low chemical hardness, EHOMO-ELUMO energy gap, and high chemical reactivity. Foremost MRV compounds obeyed Lipinski's rule of five for drug-likeness and interacted with PHE-78 amongst others at PLP catalytic domain with high binding affinity (≥ - 9.3 kcal/mol). Pi-alkyl hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding were predominantly involved. Our findings provide scientific insights into the ethnotherapeutic uses of R. vomitoria extracts for the management of obesity and related complications, plus useful information for optimizable drug-like candidates against obesity.
FIELD: organic chemistry, antibiotics, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to novel crystalline acid salts addition of cephem of the general formula (I)   where n = 1 or 2; m = 0.4-2.6 and X means anion of hydroxy-carboxylic acid that show antibacterial activity. Salts of the formula (I) are produced by interaction of water-soluble salt of the formula (I), for example, sulfate salt with corresponding salt of carboxylic acids (II-V) given in the invention description. Invention relates to also drug based on acid salt of cephem of the formula (I) and acceptable vehicle. EFFECT: new crystalline addition acid salts of cephem as drug. 6 cl, 3 tbl, 1 dwg, 30 ex
The natural poison skin treatment method of the present invention includes applying to skin a composition including an effective amount of natural poison skin treatment medication selected from the group consisting of benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid, an effective amount of a vasoconstrictor and an inert carrier. The natural poison skin treatment medication is therapeutic to natural poison skin conditions by acting as an antibacterial agent. The vasoconstrictor removes the redness normally associated with natural poison skin conditions as well as additional redness which may be caused by the benzoyl peroxide itself. The carrier is simply an inert flowing carrier to permit the application of the active ingredients to the skin. In preferred embodiments about 1 to 15% of the natural poison skin treatment medication based on the total weight of the composition is included. The preferred natural poison skin treatment medication is benzoyl peroxide and the preferred vasoconstrictor is tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride or a combination of tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride and zinc sulfate.
The evolution of SARS-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been characterized by the periodic emergence of highly divergent variants. One leading hypothesis suggests these variants may have emerged during chronic infections of immunocompromised individuals, but limited data from these cases hinders comprehensive analyses. Here, we harnessed millions of SARS-CoV-2 genomes to identify potential chronic infections and used language models (LM) to infer chronic-associated mutations. First, we mined the SARS-CoV-2 phylogeny and identified chronic-like clades with identical metadata (location, age, and sex) spanning over 21 days, suggesting a prolonged infection. We inferred 271 chronic-like clades, which exhibited characteristics similar to confirmed chronic infections. Chronic-associated mutations were often high-fitness immune-evasive mutations located in the spike receptor-binding domain (RBD), yet a minority were unique to chronic infections and absent in global settings. The probability of observing high-fitness RBD mutations was 10-20 times higher in chronic infections than in global transmission chains. The majority of RBD mutations in BA.1/BA.2 chronic-like clades bore predictive value, i.e., went on to display global success. Finally, we used our LM to infer hundreds of additional chronic-like clades in the absence of metadata. Our approach allows mining extensive sequencing data and providing insights into future evolutionary patterns of SARS-CoV-2.
Patients who suffer from POCD after surgery. The mini-mental state examination scale decline more than 1 SD of baseline after surgery.
The invention discloses an application of kigelia pinnata DC. ketone obtained by separating from the dry roots of kigelia pinnata DC. in preparing antibacterial drugs. The preparation method of the kigelia africana ketone comprises the following steps: a, crushing the dry roots of kigelia pinnata DC., adding the obtained powder to a supercritical extraction kettle and performing supercritical CO2 extraction with ethanol as an entrainer; b, purifying the extract by virtue of neutral magnesium oxide column chromatography, performing gradient elution by use of a petroleum ether-acetone mixed solvent, collecting the eluate and performing vacuum concentration to obtain a crude extract; c, separating the crude extract by virtue of high-speed countercurrent chromatography, monitoring by use of an ultraviolet detector, collecting the target component, and refrigerating for crystalizing to obtain colorless kigelia pinnata DC. ketone crystals. The prepared kigelia pinnata DC. ketone can be applied to preparing the antibacterial drugs.
The invention discloses a cyclopeptide compound clavatustide B, and a preparation method and application thereof. Clavatustide B has the structural formula shown as the formula (I). The preparation method of clavatustide B comprises: inoculating activated aspergillus clavatus with a preservation number of CCTCC No. M2013421 to a fermentation culture solution to perform fermentation culturing; after fermentation is finished, performing separation to obtain mycelium and a broth; and performing chromatographic separation and purifying processing on mycelium extract or broth extract to prepare the cyclopeptide compound. The application means the application of the cyclopeptide compound to prepare anti-tumor medicaments or anti-tumor health-care foodstuff. The cyclopeptide compound provided by the invention has relatively good in-vitro anti-tumor activity, has the IC50 value to HepG2 cell of 15 mu g/mL, and has good develop prospect; and the preparation method is simple in operation and is suitable for large-scale production.
NEW MATERIAL:The compound of formula I [X is H, halogen or lower alkyl; R is (substituted) alkyl, (substituted) naphthyl or heteroaryl] or its salt. EXAMPLE:(+ or -)-trans-3-(2-Chloro-3-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)pyrrolidine hydrobromide. USE:A drug. A remedy and preventive for diseases to which dopamine 1 agonist action is effective. A remedy and preventive for hypertension or remedy and preventive for cardiac insufficiency. PREPARATION:The trans-isomer of the compound of formula I can be produced by adding a compound of formula IV (R<6> is OH-protecting group; R<7> is lower alkyl) to a compound of formula V to produce a compound of formula VI as an addition reaction product, reducing the compound to a compound of formula VII, cyclizing the product to obtain a compound of formula VIII, isomerizing to a transisomer, reducing the isomer and finally removing the protecting groups.
Fluticasone furoate (FF; GW685698), a novel corticosteroid, is being developed both as a monotherapy for the treatment of asthma and in combination with vilanterol (VI; GW642444) for the treatment of asthma and COPD. The novel dry powder inhaler (NDPI) will be used to deliver both FF monotherapy and the FF/VI combination. The NDPI can be used with either a single strip or two strips, the single strip being used for FF monotherapy and two strips being used to deliver the FF/VI combination. In some previous FF monotherapy studies, including the phase IIB programme, conducted using the NDPI, the inhaler contained two strips (FF in the first strip and matched VI placebo in the second strip). This two strip configuration has been used for the majority of FF monotherapy treatment arms in previous and ongoing studies. The aim of this study is to determine the bioequivalence of FF monotherapy (single strip) compared with FF monotherapy (two strip), and to determine the bioequivalence of FF monotherapy (single strip) compared with FF/VI, administered via the NDPI. This data will facilitate the inclusion of FF monotherapy (two strip) data and FF/VI combination data to support the FF monotherapy product development. This will be a randomised, open-label, replicate, six-way crossover, single dose study in healthy male and female subjects. Thirty healthy male and female subjects will be enrolled in this study to ensure twenty-four evaluable subjects.

Pharmacokinetic samples will be taken over 36 hours. Safety will be assessed by adverse event (AE) monitoring throughout the study.
Participants randomized to EUC will continue with standard care and optimal management of their SCD and chronic pain for approximately 8 months. After completing the 6-month follow-up assessment, participants will have the opportunity to start the I-STRONG SCD intervention.
Rare diseases affect millions of people worldwide, and most have a genetic etiology. The incorporation of next-generation sequencing into clinical settings, particularly exome and genome sequencing, has resulted in an unprecedented improvement in diagnosis and discovery in the past decade. Nevertheless, these tools are unavailable in many countries, increasing health care gaps between high- and low-and-middle-income countries and prolonging the "diagnostic odyssey" for patients. To advance genomic diagnoses in a setting of limited genomic resources, we developed DECIPHERD, an undiagnosed diseases program in Chile. DECIPHERD was implemented in two phases: training and local development. The training phase relied on international collaboration with Baylor College of Medicine, and the local development was structured as a hybrid model, where clinical and bioinformatics analysis were performed in-house and sequencing outsourced abroad, due to lack of high-throughput equipment in Chile. We describe the implementation process and findings of the first 103 patients. They had heterogeneous phenotypes, including congenital anomalies, intellectual disabilities and/or immune system dysfunction. Patients underwent clinical exome or research exome sequencing, as solo cases or with parents using a trio design. We identified pathogenic, likely pathogenic or variants of unknown significance in genes related to the patients´ phenotypes in 47 (45.6%) of them. Half were de novo informative variants, and half of the identified variants have not been previously reported in public databases. DECIPHERD ended the diagnostic odyssey for many participants. This hybrid strategy may be useful for settings of similarly limited genomic resources and lead to discoveries in understudied populations.
Patients in the Intervention 1 group will be offered Turkish Folk, Classical, Turkish Art and Sufi Music as an option, and the music preferred by the patients will be played with headphones for 15-20 minutes before the CAG procedure. Since individuals are in the CAG unit collectively before the procedure, headphones will be used in order not to disturb other individuals. After the interviews, musical types will be arranged as instrumental, non-verbal, at 70 decibels, approximately 60 metronome per minute, in terms of rhythm and duration, and will be played according to the individual's choice. Instrumental works will be uploaded to the portable MP3 player provided by the researchers.
Thiothixene is a thioxanthene derivative. Specifically, it is the cis isomer of N,N-dimethyl-9-[3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)propylidene]thioxanthene-2-sulfonamide. It may be represented by the following structural formula:

The thioxanthenes differ from the phenothiazines by the replacement of nitrogen in the central ring with a carbon-linked side chain fixed in space in a rigid structural configuration. An N,N-dimethyl sulfonamide functional group is bonded to the thioxanthene nucleus.

Each capsule contains 1 mg, 2 mg, 5 mg or 10 mg of thiothixene, USP and the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, powdered cellulose, pregelatinized starch and sodium lauryl sulfate. Each of the empty gelatin capsules contains FD&C Blue No. 1, FD&C Red No. 40, FD&C Yellow No. 6, gelatin and titanium dioxide. In addition, the 1 mg empty gelatin capsules contain D&C Red No. 28 and the 2 mg empty gelatin capsules contain D&C Yellow No. 10.

The imprinting ink contains the following: black iron oxide, D&C Yellow No. 10 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Blue No. 2 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Red No. 40 Aluminum Lake, propylene glycol and shellac glaze.
Coronary angiography has been the gold standard for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease and PCI decision-making. However, the value of CAG in risk stratification is limited due to its invasive nature and lack of ability to evaluate coronary physiology and plaque characteristics, which often leads to over-treatment or under-treatment. In recent years, with the development and improvement of imaging technology, the resolution and diagnostic accuracy of coronary artery CTA have been greatly improved, and the subsequent anatomy and function (non-invasive CT-FFR, etc.) have made the assessment of coronary artery lesion risk multi-dimensional. Comprehensive and accurate coronary artery CTA scan plays a positive role in establishing the appropriate standard for PCI and improving the prognosis of patients. However, the existing problems of coronary artery CTA are insufficient imaging studies, complex image analysis, inconsistent diagnostic criteria, and insufficient clinical evidence. This study is one of the series of clinical studies on the topic of "Risk Evaluation by COronary Computed Tomography and Artificial Intelligence Based fuNctIonal analyZing tEchniques (RECOGNIZE)". The purpose of the study is to evaluate the accuracy of early identification of cardiovascular high-risk groups based on the functional evaluation model based on coronary CTA images through a multi-center, prospective clinical cohort study, so as to establish an early, non-invasive and accurate risk classification of cardiovascular events in coronary heart disease.
The starting dose of briciclib in the Escalation Stage will be 17 mg/week, with subsequent dose escalation levels of 35 mg, 70 mg, 140 mg, 280 mg, 560 mg, and 1120 mg. The dose of briciclib in the RPTD Confirmation Stage will be the dose as determined during the escalation stage. At each dose level, briciclib will be administered as a 2-hour intravenous infusion, once-a-week per 3-week cycles.
Constipation can be defined as "an embarrassing ailment of the 21st century". It affects about 20-25% of the population, women as well as men, but occurs more frequently in women (female:male ratio of 2.2:1). Persons of different age suffer from it. Constipation is a bothersome ailment which negatively affects the general physical and mental state, lowers physical and mental fitness, significantly hinders professional work, and decreases life comfort As the factors which contribute to the occurrence of constipation are very diverse and complex, the treatment is a long-term and slow process. There are numerous conservative treatment methods for constipation, such as physical treatments, reflexotherapy, biofeedback, pharmacotherapy, and modification of lifestyle. There is also a possibility of applying classical massage in persons with constipation. However, observations of the authors suggest it is not a therapy commonly applied.
This study will evaluate the effect of steady-state quinine sulfate on the pharmacokinetics of single dose theophylline and the effect of single dose theophylline on the pharmacokinetics of steady-state quinine sulfate in healthy adult males under fasting conditions. In this non-blinded, crossover study 24 normal, healthy, non-smoking, non-obese male volunteers will serve as their own controls in two cohorts, one consisting of 8 subjects and one consisting of 16 subjects. On Day 1 after a minimum overnight fast of 10 hours, the 8 study participants in cohort 1 will receive a single oral dose of theophylline (300 mg as an immediate-release oral solution 80 mg/ 15 ml concentration). After a 4 day washout period, the 8 subjects will receive a 648 mg dose of quinine sulfate (2 x 324 mg capsules) every 8 hours (dosing at 7 am, 3 pm and 11 pm daily) beginning with the 3 pm dose on Day 5 and continuing through the morning dose on Day 12. The 8 subjects will be co-administered single oral doses of theophylline (300 mg as an immediate-release oral solution 80 mg/ 15 ml concentration) and quinine sulfate (2 x 324 mg capsules) at 7 am on Day 12. Cohort 2 will be dosed on the basis of safety findings in Cohort 1. If ≥ 50% of the volunteers in cohort 1 do not tolerate the 648 mg dose of quinine sulfate, the second cohort of 16 volunteers will receive a dose of quinine sulfate reduced from 648 mg to 324 mg every 8 hours. In each cohort serial pharmacokinetic blood samples will be drawn at times sufficient to adequately define the pharmacokinetics of theophylline and quinine. Blood samples for the measurement of theophylline plasma concentrations will be collected on Days 1 and 12 prior to dosing and at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36 and 48 hours post-dose. Blood samples for the measurement of quinine sulfate plasma concentrations will be collected on Day 11 prior to the morning dose and at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6, and 8 hours post dose and on Day 12 prior to dosing and at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6 and 8 hours post-dose. A further goal of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of this regimen in healthy volunteers. Subjects will be monitored throughout participation in the study for adverse reactions to the study drug and/or procedures. Vital signs (sitting blood pressure and pulse) will be measured prior to the morning dose and at 1, 2 and 4 hours after administration of the morning dose on Days 1, 11 and 12. On Day 5, sitting blood pressure and pulse will be measured prior to the afternoon dose and at 1, 2 and 4 hours after administration of the afternoon dose. ECGs will be collected pre-dose and at 4 hours after the morning dose on study Days 1, 5, 11 and 12. All adverse events whether elicited by query, spontaneously reported or observed by clinic staff will be evaluated by the investigator and reported in the subject's case report form.
Dialysis associated reactions presenting with urticarial vasculitis is rarely reported in medical literature. We report a 61-year-old gentleman who developed sudden onset dyspnea with diffuse erythema within 20 min of haemodialysis. Patient was started on Azilsartan 3 days prior to this clinical event. Labs revealed features of hemolysis and urine was positive for hemoglobinuria. All dialysis related factors responsible for this reaction were ruled out. Due to non-resolution of skin rash, skin biopsy was attempted which revealed fibrinoid necrosis of occasional vessels with predominant lymphocytic infiltration suggestive of drug induced urticarial vasculitis. Complement levels were normal. He was managed with steroids, anti-histaminic, discontinuation of azilsartan and change of dialyzer membrane. This case highlights a rare dermatological presentation of Type A dialysis associated reaction involving azilsartan with differential diagnosis and treatment strategies.
During premarket evaluation, seizure was identified as the most significant risk of Anafranil use.

The observed cumulative incidence of seizures among patients exposed to Anafranil at doses up to 300 mg/day was 0.64% at 90 days, 1.12% at 180 days, and 1.45% at 365 days. The cumulative rates correct the crude rate of 0.7% (25 of 3519 patients) for the variable duration of exposure in clinical trials.

Although dose appears to be a predictor of seizure, there is a confounding of dose and duration of exposure, making it difficult to assess independently the effect of either factor alone. The ability to predict the occurrence of seizures in subjects exposed to doses of CMI greater than 250 mg is limited, given that the plasma concentration of CMI may be dose-dependent and may vary among subjects given the same dose. Nevertheless, prescribers are advised to limit the daily dose to a maximum of 250 mg in adults and 3 mg/kg (or 200 mg) in children and adolescents (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).

Caution should be used in administering Anafranil to patients with a history of seizures or other predisposing factors, e.g., brain damage of varying etiology, alcoholism, and concomitant use with other drugs that lower the seizure threshold.

Rare reports of fatalities in association with seizures have been reported by foreign postmarketing surveillance, but not in U.S. clinical trials. In some of these cases, Anafranil had been administered with other epileptogenic agents; in others, the patients involved had possibly predisposing medical conditions. Thus a causal association between Anafranil treatment and these fatalities has not been established.

Physicians should discuss with patients the risk of taking Anafranil while engaging in activities in which sudden loss of consciousness could result in serious injury to the patient or others, e.g., the operation of complex machinery, driving, swimming, climbing.
Sarcopenia is a condition marked by a significant reduction in muscle mass and strength, primarily due to the aging process, which critically impacts muscle protein dynamics, metabolic functions, and overall physical functionality. This condition leads to increased body fat and reduced daily activity, contributing to severe health issues and a lower quality of life among the elderly. Recognized in the ICD-10-CM only in 2016, sarcopenia lacks definitive treatment options despite its growing prevalence and substantial social and economic implications. Given the aging global population, addressing sarcopenia has become increasingly relevant and necessary. The primary causes include aging, cachexia, diabetes, and nutritional deficiencies, leading to imbalances in protein synthesis and degradation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and hormonal changes. Exercise remains the most effective intervention, but it is often impractical for individuals with limited mobility, and pharmacological options such as anabolic steroids and myostatin inhibitors are not FDA-approved and are still under investigation. This review is crucial as it examines the potential of natural products as a novel treatment strategy for sarcopenia, targeting multiple mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis. By exploring natural products' multi-targeted effects, this study aims to provide innovative and practical solutions for sarcopenia management. Therefore, this review indicates significant improvements in muscle mass and function with the use of specific natural compounds, suggesting promising alternatives for those unable to engage in regular physical activity.