anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain food and drink or a composition for the oral cavity having improved one or more kinds of tastes selected from the group of sour taste, bitterness, sweetness, astringency, hot taste, grain smell taste and starch smell taste. SOLUTION: The food and drink or the composition for the oral cavity contains a sugarcane-derived extract. The food and drink includes the followings. (1) Acid food and drink containing vinegar or a pH adjuster. (2) Bitter food and drink containing carbonic acid and having a removed or decreased bitter feeling. (3) Sweetener-containing food and drink containing a sweetener with a high sweetness and having an improved taste. (4) Astringent food and drink which is a tea drink. (5) Spicy food and drink containing a spice. (6) Food and drink having an improved taste as a grain or starch processed material, especially a wheat exodermis food or a corn starch processed food. (7) Food and drink having an improved grain smell or starch smell.  The sugarcane- derived extract is a fraction obtained by adsorption on a synthetic adsorbent column and elution with one or more kinds of water and an alcohol.
The application discloses noni pulp powder capable of relaxing bowel and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of noni processing and preparation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: s1, preparing noni fruits, picking mature noni fruits, selecting the noni fruits, removing impurities, cleaning and drying for later use. S2, crushing noni fruits, and mixing with crushed fresh dark plums and orange peels through microwave heating treatment. S3, putting the mixed materials into a fermentation tower for fermentation, and fermenting by utilizing primordium of noni fruits. And S4, squeezing and filtering the products in the fermented fermentation tower to obtain noni fermentation liquor, retaining the rest fermentation residues, and adding new materials for a new round of fermentation. And S5, sterilizing the noni fermentation liquor to obtain the pre-dried noni fermentation liquor. S6, drying the pre-dried noni fruit fermentation liquor to obtain noni fruit pulp powder. The application has high fermentation efficiency, low cost, good quality consistency and less nutrition loss.
A live vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease is obtained by the serial passage of a virulent foot-and-mouth disease virus through animal cell tissue cultures until the virus is attenuated to such an extent that it still propagates when injected in hooved animals but no longer causes clinically detectable disease, the culture taking place at a temperature below 37 DEG  C. in an aqueous virus developing medium consisting of a physiologically balanced aqueous salt solution containing 0.1 to 0.2% glucose and 0.25 lactalbumin hydrolysate or an amino acid mixture but which is practically free of serum proteins and of bovine amniotic fluid proteins.  Preferably, ambryonic cell tissues are used especially the embryonic kidney epithelium of cattle foetus.  A foot-and-mouth disease vaccine of type C may be so produced.  A non-virulent foot-and-moth disease virus is obtained after the 90th passage.  According to the example, the medium is an aqueous solution of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, phenol red, glucose and lactalbumin hydrolysate.  Incubation is at 30 DEG  C. for one day, the liquid is collected and represents the first culture passage.
The invention provides an Adefovir drug cocrystal with 3,5-dihydroxy-benzoic acid as a former and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of drug cocrystals. The Adefovir drug cocrystal is characterized in that the space group of the prepared Adefovir-3,5-dihydroxy-benzoic acid drug cocrystal is a monoclinic system; one Adefovir molecule, one 3,5-dihydroxy-benzoic acid molecule and one water molecule are respectively bonded together via hydrogen bonds to form a basic structural unit of the Adefovir-3,5-dihydroxy-benzoic acid drug cocrystal. The solvent selected in the drug cocrystal preparation process is water. A reflux-solution cocrystallization method is adopted. As Adefovir is slightly soluble in cold water and is freely soluble in hot water, the drug and the former are fully dissolved via reflux, and the crystal is formed by cooling the solution after the solution is put in an oven and is insulated for a period of time. The prepared drug cocrystal inherits the characteristics of traditional active pharmaceutical ingredients in treating hepatitis B, and the solubility, stability and bioavailability of the drug cocrystal are obviously improved.
Brain energy stress leads to neuronal hyperexcitability followed by a rapid loss of function and cell death. In contrast, the frog brainstem switches into a state of extreme metabolic resilience that allows them to maintain motor function during hypoxia as they emerge from hibernation. NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are Ca2+-permeable glutamate receptors that contribute to the loss of homeostasis during hypoxia. Therefore, we hypothesized that hibernation leads to plasticity that reduces the role of NMDARs within neural networks to improve function during hypoxia. To test this, we assessed a circuit with a large involvement of NMDAR synapses, the brainstem respiratory network of female bullfrogs, Lithobates catesbeianus Contrary to our expectations, hibernation did not alter the role of NMDARs in generating network output, nor did it affect the amplitude, kinetics, and hypoxia sensitivity of NMDAR currents. Instead, hibernation strongly reduced NMDAR Ca2+ permeability and enhanced desensitization during repetitive stimulation. Under severe hypoxia, the normal NMDAR profile caused network hyperexcitability within minutes, which was mitigated by blocking NMDARs. After hibernation, the modified complement of NMDARs protected against hyperexcitability, as disordered output did not occur for at least one hour in hypoxia. These findings uncover state-dependence in the plasticity of NMDARs, whereby multiple changes to receptor function improve neural performance during metabolic stress without interfering with their normal role during healthy conditions.
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are essential contributors to tumor growth and metastasis due to their roles in immune cell regulation. Therefore, GPCRs are potential targets for cancer immunotherapy. Here, we discuss the current understanding of the roles of GPCRs and their signaling pathways in tumor progression from an immunocellular perspective. Additionally, we focus on the roles of GPCRs in regulating immune checkpoint proteins involved in immune evasion. Finally, we review the progress of clinical trials of GPCR-targeted drugs for cancer treatment, which may be combined with immunotherapy to improve treatment efficacy. This expanded understanding of the role of GPCRs may shed light on the mechanisms underlying tumor progression and provide a novel perspective on cancer immunotherapy.
FIELD: organic chemistry, medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to novel compounds that can be used in urinary disturbances. Invention describes derivatives of nitro-esters eliciting pharmacological activity in controlling enuresis and having the general formula: A-  or their salts where A means  ; t is a whole number from 0 to 1; X mean oxygen atom; R is taken among the following groups: * Group IA:   where   are similar or different and mean hydrogen atom, linear  -alkyl or chlorine, fluorine, bromine atom;   means   or bromine atom;   and   man hydrogen atom;   means + ; * Group IV A):  . * Group V A) is taken among the following substances:   where   is phenyl;   in the formula A-  is bivalent binding bridge taken among the following YO- where Y is linear or if possible the branched  -alkyl comprising from 2 to 5 carbon atoms preferably;   where   is a whole number from 0 to 3. Invention describes also compositions eliciting pharmacological activity in controlling enuresis and the use of compound of the formula (I) by claim 1 where A means RCOO where R means radical of the formula:   where   means  . Compounds are used for treatment of patients with enuresis. Invention provides preparing novel biologically active compounds. EFFECT: valuable medicinal properties of compounds. 6 cl, 8 tbl, 18 ex
INTRODUCTION: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for 74% of deaths annually. Satellite imagery provides previously unattainable data about factors related to NCDs that overcome limitations of traditional, non-satellite-derived environmental data, such as subjectivity and requirements of a smaller geographic area of focus. This systematic literature review determined how satellite imagery has been used to address the top NCDs in the world, including cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes.
METHODS: A literature search was performed using PubMed (including MEDLINE), CINAHL, Web of Science, Science Direct, Green FILE, and Engineering Village for articles published through June 6, 2023. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods peer-reviewed studies about satellite imagery in the context of the top NCDs (cancer, cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, and diabetes) were included. Articles were assessed for quality using the criteria from the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine.
RESULTS: A total of 43 studies were included, including 5 prospective comparative cohort trials, 22 retrospective cohort studies, and 16 cross-sectional studies. Country economies of the included studies were 72% high-income, 16% upper-middle-income, 9% lower-middle-income, and 0% low-income. One study was global. 93% of the studies found an association between the satellite data and NCD outcome(s). A variety of methods were used to extract satellite data, with the main methods being using publicly available algorithms (79.1%), preprocessing techniques (34.9%), external resource tools (30.2%) and publicly available models (13.9%). All four NCD types examined appeared in at least 20% of the studies.
CONCLUSION: Researchers have demonstrated they can successfully use satellite imagery data to investigate the world's top NCDs. However, given the rapid increase in satellite technology and artificial intelligence, much of satellite imagery used to address NCDs remains largely untapped. In particular, with most existing studies focusing on high-income countries, future research should use satellite data, to overcome limitations of traditional data, from lower-income countries which have a greater burden of morbidity and mortality from NCDs. Furthermore, creating and refining effective methods to extract and process satellite data may facilitate satellite data's use among scientists studying NCDs worldwide.
BACKGROUND: The unknown tissue of origin in head and neck cancer of unknown primary (hnCUP) leads to invasive diagnostic procedures and unspecific and potentially inefficient treatment options for patients. The most common histologic subtype, squamous cell carcinoma, can stem from various tumor primary sites, including the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, head and neck skin, lungs, and esophagus. DNA methylation profiles are highly tissue-specific and have been successfully used to classify tissue origin. We therefore developed a support vector machine (SVM) classifier trained with publicly available DNA methylation profiles of commonly cervically metastasizing squamous cell carcinomas (n = 1103) in order to identify the primary tissue of origin of our own cohort of squamous cell hnCUP patient's samples (n = 28). Methylation analysis was performed with Infinium MethylationEPIC v1.0 BeadChip by Illumina.
RESULTS: The SVM algorithm achieved the highest overall accuracy of tested classifiers, with 87%. Squamous cell hnCUP samples on DNA methylation level resembled squamous cell carcinomas commonly metastasizing into cervical lymph nodes. The most frequently predicted cancer localization was the oral cavity in 11 cases (39%), followed by the oropharynx and larynx (both 7, 25%), skin (2, 7%), and esophagus (1, 4%). These frequencies concord with the expected distribution of lymph node metastases in epidemiological studies.
CONCLUSIONS: On DNA methylation level, hnCUP is comparable to primary tumor tissue cancer types that commonly metastasize to cervical lymph nodes. Our SVM-based classifier can accurately predict these cancers' tissues of origin and could significantly reduce the invasiveness of hnCUP diagnostics and enable a more precise therapy after clinical validation.
Renal stones is a common condition affecting up to 1% of the american population. The main symptom is renal colic. Acute treatment is based on the administration of analgesics mainly those belonging to non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Tramadol is an analgesic of the opioid class of analgesics (i.e morphine) and it is considered to cause less side effects with more or less the same analgesic potency. In the present study the analgesic effect of intramuscular Tramadol will be compared with Voltaren (NSAID)in patients attending the Emergency Department (ED) for acute renal colic (Stage I). Most of these patients will not pass their stone during their visit to the ED and they are prone to develop another attack of renal colic.In the second phase of the study (Stage II)patients who improved, and are ready to go home, will be enrolled to get Dipyrone or Tramadol orally for the prevention of further pain.
The recommended dose and schedule of cladribine injection, USP for active Hairy Cell Leukemia is as a single course given by continuous infusion for 7 consecutive days at a dose of 0.09 mg/kg/day. Deviations from this dosage regimen are not advised. If the patient does not respond to the initial course of cladribine injection, USP for Hairy Cell Leukemia, it is unlikely that they will benefit from additional courses. Physicians should consider delaying or discontinuing the drug if neurotoxicity or renal toxicity occurs (see  WARNINGS). 

Specific risk factors predisposing to increased toxicity from cladribine have not been defined. In view of the known toxicities of agents of this class, it would be prudent to proceed carefully in patients with known or suspected renal insufficiency or severe bone marrow impairment of any etiology. Patients should be monitored closely for hematologic and non-hematologic toxicity (see  WARNINGS and  PRECAUTIONS).
Compsn. useful for treating man and animals comprises 55-65% living dried yeast, 10-35% of mineral powder useful in treating digestive disorders and 5-30% of excipient e.g. maize starch. The unit dose for man is 3-5 g. taken 1-4 times daily for treating colitis, diarrhoea, constipation and disorders of the GI tract after antibiotic the rapy. As a dietetic supplement, the dried yeast is added at the rate of 1 pt. to 100-10,000 pts. of food. Treatment of similar disorders in pigs, calves and poultry is similar with a suitable dosage. Calves require 20-60 g of yeast daily. Prepd. by mixing the fresh yeast, mineral powder and excipient, granulating and air-drying at 30-37 degrees C.
The treatment options and prognosis of patients with borderline pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) defined as mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) between 21-24 mm Hg measured by right heart catheterization (RHC) are understudied. The objective of this study is to determine the treatment effect of endothelin-receptor antagonist (Ambrisentan) for patients with borderline PAH when comparing with placebo. Accordingly, 420 patients with borderline PAH will be included in this prospective, randomized, double- blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled study. Repeat screening is required if last screening was performed \> 30 days ago. Baseline medical history will be obtained and physical examination will be conducted before signed consent and randomization. Moreover, an electrocardiogram (ECG), laboratory testing, and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) at supine will be carried out before randomization and during follow-up. Subjects have to meet all inclusion criteria and have no anyone of exclusion criteria. This study will comprise 3 stages: 1) screening period (0-30 days), 2) 1-year study period (365 ± 30 days), 3) extended follow-up duration 3 years ± 30 days. Repeat measurements of cardiac function, hemodynamic, exercise capacity, and clinical events will be scheduled at the end of study.
The study will enroll patients with type 1 diabetes who are already receiving twice-monthly non-face-to-face management by a dedicated education nurse through the Type 1 Diabetes Home Care Project and Educational Consultation program. For 12 weeks, the intervention group will receive weekly personalized coaching messages for glycemic management based on data from continuous glucose monitoring and bi-weekly personalized coaching messages for depression symptoms based on depression questionnaires, instead of non-face-to-face diabetes management.
Macrophage polarization in neurotoxic (M1) or neuroprotective (M2) phenotypes is known to play a significant role in neuropathic pain, but its behavioral dynamics and underlying mechanism remain largely unknown. Two-photon excitation microscopy (2PEM) is a promising functional imaging tool for investigating the mechanism of cellular behavior, as using near-infrared excitation wavelengths is less subjected to light scattering. However, the higher-order photobleaching effect in 2PEM can seriously hamper its applications to long-term live-cell studies. Here, we demonstrate a GHz femtosecond (fs) 2PEM that enables hours-long live-cell imaging of macrophage behavior with reduced higher-order photobleaching effect-by leveraging the repetition rate of fs pulses according to the fluorescence lifetime of fluorophores. Using this new functional 2PEM platform, we measure the polarization characteristics of macrophages, especially the long-term cellular behavior in efferocytosis, unveiling the dynamic mechanism of neuroprotective macrophage polarization in neuropathic pain. These efforts can create new opportunities for understanding long-term cellular dynamic behavior in neuropathic pain, as well as other neurobiological problems, and thus dissecting the underlying complex pathogenesis.
The invention relates to a Chinese herbal medicine combination for ascites and a preparation method thereof. The medicine combination contains rhizoma atractylodis, baikal skullcap root, prunella, cortex mori radicis, Tuckahoe, and the like. The amount of Astragaloside IV is larger than or equal to 25umg/g. The water extract of rhizoma atractylodis has strong diuretic effect and the function of excreting sodium, potassium and chlorine. The rhizoma atractylodis has more volatile oil, and the compound of the rhizoma atractylodis has the efficacies of water metabolism, air excretion and abdominal distension elimination. Through the experimental investigation, the preparation method comprises the steps of gathering the rhizoma atractylodis, extracting volatile oil, extracting for twice with other liquid medicine (2 hours each time), mixing the water extract, decompressing, concentrating, pelletizing, forming whole pellets, and spraying the volatile oil extracted from the rhizoma atractylodis. Based on the traditional Chinese theory and the coordination with the scientific knowledge, the invention preserves the combination effect of syndrome differentiation and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine. In addition, the modern technological means is applied to conduct quantitative and semi-quantitative detection of most drug ingredients, and the medicine combination is proved to be a green veterinary drug without pollution and medicinal residue through the clinical verification.
NEW MATERIAL:A substance obtained by chemically modifying a human urinary trypsin inhibitor with cyanogen bromide and cleaving methionyl bonds. Molecular weight; 62,000+ or -5,000. Saccharide content (expressed in terms of glucose); 10%. Isoelectric point; pH2.5-4.5. USE:An anti-inflammatory remedy, having powerful antikallikrein and antihyaluronidase action and capable of exhibiting antithrombin action and anti-inflammatory action in a low concentration with low toxicity. PREPARATION:Cyanogen bromide in an amount of 0.1-20mg is added to 1mg human urinary trypsin inhibitor (hereinafter abbreviated to HUTI) and reacted at 10-50 deg.C for 1-60hr to separate a peptide without exhibiting trypsin inhibitory activity, methyl thiocyanate and excess cyanogen bromide and recover the aimed substance. Furthermore, the HUTI is preferably dissolved in 70% formic acid, etc., so as to provide 0.1-10%(wt./vol.) concentration.
The invention relates to a medicament for treating bronchial asthma, in particular to an application and a preparation method of a sceptridium ternatum (thunb.) lyon extractive. The invention discloses an application of a sceptridium ternatum (thunb.) lyon extractive in the preparation of a medicament for treating bronchial asthma. The application of the sceptridium ternatum (thunb.) lyon extractive in the medicament is further extended, the therapeutic action of the sceptridium ternatum (thunb.) lyon extractive to the bronchial asthma is defined, and a new way of medication is provided for patients; and the research foundation of Zhejiang medicinal materials is enriched and certain contribution to the economic boom of Chinese medicine is achieved.
There have been post-marketing reports of severe skin and hepatic adverse events associated with griseofulvin use (see WARNINGS section). 

When adverse reactions occur, they are most commonly of the hypersensitivity type such as skin rashes, urticaria, erythema multiforme-like drug reactions, and rarely, angioneurotic edema, and may necessitate withdrawal of therapy and appropriate countermeasures. Paresthesia of the hands and feet have been reported after extended therapy. Other side effects reported occasionally are oral thrush, nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, diarrhea, headache, fatigue, dizziness, insomnia, mental confusion, and impairment of performance of routine activities. Proteinuria and leukopenia have been reported rarely. Administration of the drug should be discontinued if granulocytopenia occurs. When rare, serious reactions occur with griseofulvin, they are usually associated with high dosages, long periods of therapy, or both.

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Chartwell RX, LLC., at 845-232-1683 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Products contg. bran, and intended for dispersion as discontinuous phase in a continuous prod., contains mucilage-forming material (I). Pref. (I) is coated with a mixt. of (a) a component inert towards the continuous prod. and (b) a componentn reactive towards it. Pref. a surfactant, esp. polyoxyethylene (20) mono-oleate or sorbitan mono-oleate, is present as reactive component. (I) is esp. guar gum and the inert component is a fat, dimethicone, gelatin, alginate or cellulose. The compsn. may contain other nutrients or pharmaceuticals. The products are used for treating colopathy, constipation, meteorism and for reducing glycaemia. When dispersed in water, the bran is encapsulated so does not come into contact with the mucosa and is only release from the swollen mucilage when it reaches the intestines. The unpleasant texture of the bran is avoided, and difficulties in swallowing it overcome.
This group inhaled vapor containing Menthol 0.02%, Methyl salicylate 0.05%, N- Acetyl cysteine 1.2 gm%, and Diclofenac sodium 1gm% twice daily in addition to conventional treatment. That is, 100 gram of emulsion contain diclofenac sodium 1 gram, N-acetyl cysteine 1.2 gm, menthol 20 mg, and methyl salicylic acid 50 mg. These drugs have no systemic and local side effects in these small doses, though it may cause slight eye irritation.
All subjects vaccinated with MenACWY-TT in study MENACWY-TT-015 will be assigned to this group. At Month 120 after primary vaccination, these subjects will be vaccinated with a booster dose of MenACWY-TT in this study.