anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Background. Sleepiness assessment tools were mostly developed for detection of an elevated sleepiness level in the condition of sleep deprivation and several medical conditions. However, sleepiness occurs in various other conditions including the transition from wakefulness to sleep during an everyday attempt to get sleep.Objective. We examined whether objective sleepiness indexes can be implicated in detection of fluctuations in sleepiness level during the polysomnographically-monitored attempt to sleep, i.e. in the absence of self-reports on perceived sleepiness level throughout such an attempt.Approach. The polysomnographic signals were recorded in the afternoon throughout 106 90 min napping attempts of 53 university students (28 females). To calculate two objective sleepiness indexes, the electroencephalographic (EEG) spectra were averaged on 30 s epochs of each record, assigned to one of 5 sleep-wake stages, and scored using either the frequency weighting curve for sleepiness substate of wake state or loadings of each frequency on the 2nd principal component of variation in the EEG spectrum (either sleepiness score or PC2 score, respectively).Main results. We showed that statistically significant fluctuations in these two objective sleepiness indexes during epochs assigned to wake stage can be described in terms of the changes in verbally anchored levels of subjective sleepiness assessed by scoring on the 9-step Karolinska Sleepiness Scale.Significance. The results afford new opportunities to elaborate importance of intermediate substates between wake and sleep states for sleep-wake dynamics in healthy individuals and patients with disturbed sleep.
Mammography is currently the only documented effective imaging tool for breast cancer screening. However, the sensitivity of mammography may be reduced in dense breasts, and sometimes it is difficult to even perceive a very subtle cancer which presents as a small stellate lesion, or very faint microcalcifications, missed diagnosed thus occurs. Herein, some researchers in Western countries developed computer-aided detection (CAD) system to help radiologists detect subtle, easily overlooked findings to facilitate early breast cancer detection, and most of the research regarding CAD was used in screen-film mammography (SFM) system. Ikeda, et al, worked on the retrospective CAD usage of those negative mammograms which later developed breast cancers. CAD could correctly mark 40% of the areas on these mammograms reported negative previously that later developed evident cancers. However, 80% of these are only nonspecific findings, and do not warrant recall for additional workup even at retrospective unblinded review by well-trained mammographers. The other research concluded that CAD could improve early cancer detection rate of mammography, with the sensitivity of 92% in detection of breast cancer size smaller than 5mm, 94% for cancer size 11-15mm. CAD can detect more microcalcifications than masses (sensitivity for microcalcifications 98%, masses 84%, mass with microcalcifications 92%). CAD could mark an average of 1.3 false positive marks per mammographic exam.

Full-field digital mammography (FFDM) is a new approved technology for breast cancer detection after SFM era since 2000. The diagnostic accuracy of FFDM versus SFM is still under clinical trials, and it is believed the sensitivity and accuracy of FFDM for screening population is relatively equivalent to SFM. However, there are very few reports regarding the CAD application in FFDM, since FFDM can offer the post-acquisition processing on high-resolution review workstation for interpretation. Nevertheless, the spatial resolution of soft-copy reading on monitors for FFDM is slightly inferior to but the contrast resolution is slightly superior to that of conventional SFM. Herein, the diagnostic efficacy and role of CAD in FFDM are still unclear. Therefore, the goal of our study is to explore the sensitivity, false-negative (FN) and false-positive (FP) rates of combination usage of CAD in FFDM system, in comparison with the sensitivity, FN and FP rates of interpretation based on FFDM without CAD combination. We are also about to evaluate the efficacy, additional time spent in adjunct application CAD in FFDM interpretation, in order to assess the feasibility of CAD in FFDM.
PURPOSE: To determine the effect of phacoemulsification surgery, which is one of the types of cataract surgery by using ultrasonic power to break up the crystalline lens and clean it with vacuum, on anterior chamber flare (ACF) and choroidal vascular index (CVI).
METHODS: For this cross-sectional study, patients were included if they had cataract with nucleus hardness grade 2 or 3, no systemic inflammatory disease, and not use of anti-inflammatory drugs/prostaglandins preoperatively. ACF using a laser flare meter and CVI in patients underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification was recorded preoperatively, on the postoperative 1st day, 1st week, and 1st month.
RESULTS: Fifty-six eyes were included. ACF was 9.00 ± 2.90 ph/ms preoperatively. Although ACF increased significantly on postoperative day-1 (39.38 ± 23.31ph/ms) and decreased gradually until the 1st month (14.03 ± 6.03ph/ms) after the operation, it was still significantly higher at the 1st month (p < 0.001). Macular and peripapillary CVI increased significantly on postoperative day-1 (0.64 ± 0.03/0.63 ± 0.05) and week-1 (0.64 ± 0.04/0.62 ± 0.04) (p = 0.01, p < 0.001); the postoperative 1st month was similar to the preoperative one (0.59 ± 0.06/0.58 ± 0.06). The relationship between the change in ACF and the change in CVI was not significant.
CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification causes raises in ACF and CVI due to increased intraocular inflammation. The fact that ACF was significantly higher in postoperative month-1 and CVI returned to its preoperative value suggests that the effect of uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery on the increase in inflammation in the anterior segment lasts longer than in the posterior segment. These results suggest that ACF and CVI follow-up may be clinically important in the follow-up of postoperative inflammation.
Patients receive erlotinib hydrochloride PO (orally) QD (every day) on days -14-0 immediately prior to scheduled surgery. Treatment continues in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
FIELD: chemical-pharmaceutical industry. SUBSTANCE: dry, milled pulp of mountain ash fruits (Sorbus aucuparia L.) is extracted with 4-fold volume of dichlorodifluoromethane for 3 h (ratio of raw and extractant is 1:4). Solvent is distilled off completely, and prepared semiproduct is dissolved in calculated quantity of vegetable oil. Carotinoid content in prepared product is 140-160 mg%. Product yield is increased by 2-fold as compared with the known method. Extraction time is decreased by 4-fold. Method ensures to utilize the raw with low content of carotinoids. EFFECT: increased yield of product, decreased time of technological process. 1 tbl
Small doses of local anesthetics (e.g., MARCAINE) injected into the head and neck area, including retrobulbar, dental, and stellate ganglion blocks, may produce adverse reactions similar to systemic toxicity seen with unintentional intravascular injections of larger doses. The injection procedures require the utmost care. Confusion, convulsions, respiratory depression, and/or respiratory arrest, and cardiovascular stimulation or depression have been reported. These reactions may be due to intra-arterial injection of the local anesthetic with retrograde flow to the cerebral circulation. They may also be due to puncture of the dural sheath of the optic nerve during retrobulbar block with diffusion of any local anesthetic along the subdural space to the midbrain. Monitor circulation and respiration and constantly observe patients receiving MARCAINE / MARCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE blocks. Resuscitative equipment and drugs, and personnel for treating adverse reactions should be immediately available. Dosage recommendations should not be exceeded [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
LUMRYZ has not been studied in a pediatric clinical trial. The safety and effectiveness of LUMRYZ in the treatment of cataplexy or excessive daytime sleepiness in pediatric patients 7 years of age and older with narcolepsy is supported by evidence from a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized-withdrawal study of immediate-release sodium oxybate [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) and Clinical Studies (14.2)].

In the pediatric clinical trial with immediate-release sodium oxybate administration in pediatric patients 7 years of age and older with narcolepsy, serious adverse reactions of central sleep apnea and oxygen desaturation documented by polysomnography evaluation; depression; suicidal ideation; neuropsychiatric reactions including acute psychosis, confusion, and anxiety; and parasomnias, including sleepwalking, have been reported [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7) and Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

The safety and effectiveness of LUMRYZ have not been established in pediatric patients younger than 7 years old.

Juvenile Animal Toxicity Data 

In a study in which sodium oxybate (0, 100, 300, or 900 mg/kg/day) was orally administered to rats during the juvenile period of development (postnatal days 21 through 90), mortality was observed at the two highest doses tested. Deaths occurred during the first week of dosing and were associated with clinical signs (including decreased activity and respiratory rate) consistent with the pharmacological effects of the drug. Reduced body weight gain in males and females and delayed sexual maturation in males were observed at the highest dose tested. The no-effect dose for adverse effects in juvenile rats is associated with plasma exposures (AUC) less than that at the maximum recommended human dose (9 g/night).
Fluorescent dyes which are free of aggregation and serum binding are provided. These dyes are suitable for applications such as fluorescence immunoassays, in vivo imaging and in vivo tumor therapy. Fluorescence immunoassays methods are provided which use fluorescent dyes which are free of aggregation and serum binding. Such immunoassay methods are thus, particularly useful for the assay of biological fluids, such as serum, plasma, whole blood and urine. The present invention is directed to compositions comprising an oligonucleotide linked to a detectably labeled marker component comprising a fluorophore moiety which comprises a substantially planar, multidentate macrocyclic ligand coordinated to a central atom capable of coordinating with two axial ligands and two polyoxyhydrocarbyl moieties which are attached as axial ligands to the central atom. The present invention is also directed to nucleic acid hybridization and amplification methods employing such compositions.
Background: Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a life-threatening haematological malignancy. Initial treatment with induction chemotherapy requires 4-5 weeks of hospitalization, with a risk of physical deconditioning, declines in quality of life (QOL), and significant fatigue. Four pilot exercise studies have demonstrated improved fitness, strength, QOL, and fatigue in patients undergoing induction, but are limited by small sample sizes, recruitment of mostly younger adults, inconsistent endpoints, and design issues. Prior to conducting a large multi-centre randomized controlled trial (RCT), important pilot work first needs to be done to demonstrate feasibility of a randomized trial of an exercise program in AML patients undergoing induction chemotherapy; to ensure safety; and to provide effect estimates of the intervention on fitness and QOL/fatigue endpoints.

Objectives: Primary objectives are: (1) to determine feasibility of recruitment and retention of adult AML patients to a randomized trial of supervised exercise and ability of patients to perform an exercise intervention in hospital; (2) to provide estimates of the effect of exercise on fitness parameters. Secondary objectives are: (1) to determine effects of exercise on QOL and fatigue; (2) to understand the impact of exercise on AML treatment tolerability; (3) to examine safety of the exercise intervention. Methods: Thirty-five patients age 18 or older with newly diagnosed or relapsed AML who are undergoing induction chemotherapy will be recruited at Princess Margaret Hospital. Participants will perform 30-45 minutes of supervised aerobic and resistance exercises 4-5 days per week. Primary outcomes are recruitment rate, exercise adherence rate, and impact on fitness measures (peak aerobic capacity (VO2peak), grip strength, leg strength, 6-minute walk test). QOL will be measured with the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) core 30-item questionnaire (QLQ-C30). Fatigue will be measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy fatigue subscale (FACT-Fatigue). Treatment tolerability outcomes include length of stay, intensive care unit admission, and the development of sepsis. Outcomes over time will be assessed using mixed effects regression models.

Significance: Exercise is a promising intervention for improving fitness, QOL and treatment tolerability in AML patients undergoing induction chemotherapy. This pilot RCT will establish feasibility and safety, as well as provide efficacy estimates that will be vital to the design and conduct of a definitive multi-centre RCT of exercise in this patient population.
PURPOSE: This study evaluates surgical outcomes and complication rates of frontalis suspension with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE).
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study reviewed all patients undergoing frontalis suspension surgery using ePTFE as the sling material from January 1 2012 to March 3 2020 by a single surgeon at a single academic center. Two different surgical techniques were evaluated in the placement of the sling material. Demographic, clinical, and operative data were extracted. Outcome data including postoperative lid height, reoperation, and complication rate were extracted for the cohort and compared between the two surgical techniques. Descriptive statistics were utilized.
RESULTS: Sixty-four eyes from 49 unique patients were included in this study. Forty-three (67.2%) patients had isolated congenital blepharoptosis; 14 (21.9%) had blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES); and 2 (3.1%) had cranial nerve III palsy. Fifty-one (79.7%) patients had no prior blepharoptosis surgery. Lid crease incision and stab incision techniques were utilized for 24 (37.5%) and 40 (62.5%) eyes, respectively. Overall, 21 (32.8%) eyes required reoperation with ePTFE to achieve appropriate eyelid height or contour. Only one patient experienced implant infection, requiring removal of ePTFE sling after a second reoperation. There were no cases of implant exposure or granuloma formation noted during the study period.
CONCLUSION: An ePTFE strip soaked in cefazolin prior to utilization in surgery is a viable material for frontalis suspension surgery, with a lower infectious or inflammatory complication rate than previously reported. However, reoperation rate was still relatively high.
BACKGROUND: C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-9 (CTRP9) is critically involved in the pathophysiology of metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. This investigation aimed to clarify the mechanism underlying the role of CTRP9 in atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout (KO) mice.
METHODS: ApoE KO mice were fed a Western diet and injected with a virus which resulted in CTRP9 overexpression or knockdown for 12 weeks. The plasma lipid levels and atherosclerotic plaque areas were measured after the mice were euthanized. Aortas were isolated, and RNA sequencing was performed to identify the differentially expressed genes and related signaling pathways. Finally, plasma oxidative stress factors were measured to demonstrate the reliability of the RNA sequencing results.
RESULTS: The plasma lipid levels in the CTRP9 overexpression group did not significantly differ from those in the green fluorescence protein (GFP) group. Markablely, CTRP9 overexpression inhibited atherosclerotic plaque formation in ApoE KO mice, whereas CTRP9 knockdown promoted plaque formation. RNA sequencing analysis identified 3485 differentially expressed genes that were prominently enriched across 55 signaling pathways. Additionally, plasma oxidative stress factors were significantly reduced after CTRP9 overexpression, whereas these factors were increased after CTRP9 knockdown, which was consistent with the results of the RNA sequencing analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrated that CTRP9 alleviated inflammation and cholesterol metabolism, which reduced oxidative stress in an atherosclerotic animal model. These beneficial effects may mediate the suppression of lesion development in the aorta.
In the Operating Room (OR) after applying routine monitors, anesthesia will be induced with a mask using Sevoflurane up to 8%. Sevoflurane will be used for maintenance for the rest of the procedure with dosage between 1.5% and 4%. Vitals will be monitored. Fentanyl will be used as needed. Rocuronium will be used as needed for muscle relaxation. At the end of the procedure twitches will be evaluated and muscle relaxation will be reversed. Sevoflurane will be turned off at the end of procedure.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a colored mica titanium having -10.0 to 10.0 of a difference shown as (ΔC*( Bk- Wh) =C*Bk -C*Wh ) of chromaticity (C*Bk , C*Wh ) measured at the incident angle of 45 deg. and the light receiving angle of -45 deg. when 0.5 g/m<2> of the colored mica titanium is coated on black or white synthetic leather, and 10 or more of the chromaticity (C*0 W) measured at the incident angle of 45 deg. and the light receiving angle of 0 deg. when 0.5 g/m<2> of the colored mica titanium is coated on white synthetic leather. SOLUTION: When the colored mica titanium is used as a colorant for cosmetics, the cosmetics can become those having little change in chromaticity due to the change in the light receiving angle, and especially when skin color is controlled, smooth and light skin color can be obtained and the finish can decrease difference in coating colors due to the difference in coated parts.
Prevention of CMV in Pediatric Heart, Kidney, or Liver Transplantation:Sixty-three children, 4 months to 16 years of age, who had a solid organ transplant (kidney 33, liver 17, heart 12, and kidney/liver 1) and were at risk for developing CMV disease, were enrolled in an open-label, safety, and pharmacokinetic study of oral valganciclovir (valganciclovir for oral solution or tablets). Patients received valganciclovir once daily within 10 days after transplant until a maximum of 100 days post-transplant. The daily doses of valganciclovir were calculated at each study visit based on body surface area and a modified creatinine clearance [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.3)] . 

The pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir were similar across organ transplant types and age ranges. The mean daily ganciclovir exposures in pediatric patients were somewhat increased relative to those observed in adult solid organ transplant patients receiving valganciclovir 900 mg once daily, but were within the range considered safe and effective in adults [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3)] . No case of CMV syndrome or tissue-invasive CMV disease was reported within the first six months post-transplantation. 

Prevention of CMV in Pediatric Kidney Transplantation:Fifty-seven children, 1 to 16 years of age, who had a renal transplant and were at risk for developing CMV disease, were enrolled in an open-label tolerability study of oral valganciclovir (valganciclovir for oral solution or tablets). Patients received valganciclovir once daily within 10 days after transplant until a maximum of 200 days post-transplant. The daily doses of valganciclovir were calculated at each study visit based on body surface area and a modified creatinine clearance [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.3)]. No case of CMV syndrome or tissue-invasive CMV disease was reported within the first 12 months post-transplantation.
The incidence rate of cesarean deliveries has been dramatically increased in Egypt.(1) Isthmocele is one of the known complications of repeat cesarean sections.(2) Post- menstrual spotting and many other gynecological complains have been correlated to this isthmocele which is considered as a pocket that accumulate menstrual blood. (3) Hysteroscopic resection of the edges of the isthmocele is considered the best treatment option available up to date.(4) Aim of the work: Asses the effectiveness of three steps method resection using hysteroscopy of an isthmocele in patients complained of post-menstrual bleeding with confirmed presence of isthmocele.

Patients: 50 patients complained of post-menstrual bleeding with confirmed presence of isthmocele. After written consent, the patient will be subjected to three steps hysteroscopic resection of an isthmocele by removing the distal edge of the niche then the proximal edge and lastly ball cauterization of the floor of the pouch of the isthmocele. Post-operative trans-vaginal ultrasound and follow up for 2 menstrual cycles.
Self-monitoring and regulation skills will be provided to mothers at discharge. Aside from daily diaries outlining, infant feeding behaviors and pain, mothers will be instructed to watch several 5-minute video modules to assist with self-management of breast and nipple pain. These videos include: pain neurophysiology; non-pharmacological strategies; common BF issues and intervention; catastrophizing; stress reactivity; deep breathing; guided imagery and support (informational and instrumental). These mothers will also be asked to complete study questionnaires and measures at specified time points.
This research aimed to clarify the impacts of cannflavin-C on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and their potential role in modulating cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites. Currently there is no evidence to suggest that cannflavin-C, a prenylated flavonoid, has any significant effects on the heart or cardiac hypertrophy. The metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) into midchain hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs), facilitated by CYP1B1 enzyme, plays a role in the development of cardiac hypertrophy, which is marked by enlarged cardiac cells. Adult human ventricular cardiomyocyte (AC16) cell line was cultured and exposed to cannflavin-C in the presence and absence of Ang II. The assessment of mRNA expression pertaining to cardiac hypertrophic markers and cytochromes P450 (P450s) was conducted via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), whereas the quantification of P450 protein levels was carried out through western blot analysis. Ang II induced hypertrophic markers myosin heavy chain (β/α-MHC), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and increased cell surface area, whereas cannflavin-C mitigated these effects. Gene and protein expression analysis revealed that cannflavin-C downregulated CYP1B1 gene expression, protein level, and enzyme activity assessed by 7-methoxyresorufin O-deethylase (MROD). Arachidonic acid metabolites analysis, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), demonstrated that Ang II increased midchain (R/S)-HETE concentrations, which were attenuated by cannflavin-C. This study provides novel insights into the potential of cannflavin-C in modulating arachidonic acid metabolites and attenuating Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy, highlighting the importance of this compound as potential therapeutic agents for cardiac hypertrophy. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study demonstrates that cannflavin-C offers protection against cellular hypertrophy induced by angiotensin II. The significance of this research lies in its novel discovery, which elucidates a mechanistic pathway involving the inhibition of CYP1B1 by cannflavin-C. This discovery opens up new avenues for leveraging this compound in the treatment of heart failure.