anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Participants underwent opportunistic endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer in high-risk regions in China will be enrolled in this study. Esophageal cell specimen will be collected by esophageal sponge cell collection device (Esoheal 1.0) prior to endoscopic examinations.
Approximately 50% of patients with chronic neuropathic pain experience cognitive impairment, which negatively impacts their quality of life. The cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2R) may be involved in hippocampal cognitive processes. However, its role in chronic neuropathic pain-induced cognitive impairment remains elusive. Spared nerve injury (SNI) was used to induce chronic neuropathic pain in rats, while the novel-object recognition test and the Y-maze test were employed to assess cognitive function. Immunofluorescence, western blotting, and stereotaxic hippocampal microinjection were utilized to elucidate the potential mechanisms. We observed a reduction in mechanical pain threshold and cognitive impairment in SNI rats. This was accompanied by a tendency for hippocampal microglia to adopt pro-inflammatory functions. Notably, no changes were detected in CB2R expression. However, downregulation of the endogenous ligands AEA and 2-AG was evident. Hippocampal microinjection of a CB2R agonist mitigated cognitive impairment in SNI rats, which correlated with a tendency for microglia to adopt anti-inflammatory functions. Additionally, SNI-induced activation of the p-ERK/NFκB pathway in the hippocampus. Activation of CB2R reversed this process by upregulating DUSP6 expression in microglia. The effects elicited by CB2R activation could be inhibited through the downregulation of microglial DUSP6 via hippocampal adeno-associated virus (AAV) microinjection. Conversely, overexpression of hippocampal DUSP6 using AAV ameliorated the cognitive deficits observed in SNI rats, which remained unaffected by the administration of a CB2R antagonist. Our findings demonstrate that activation of hippocampal CB2R can mitigate chronic neuropathic pain-induced cognitive impairment through the modulation of the DUSP6/ERK/NFκB pathway.
###  Tyramine-Induced Hypertensive Crisis

EMSAM inhibits the catabolism of dietary amines, such as tyramine, and has the potential to produce a hypertensive crisis following the ingestion of tyramine-rich foods or beverages [see Drug Interactions (7.2) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)].

Hypertensive crises, which in some cases may be fatal, are characterized by some or all of the following symptoms: occipital headache which may radiate frontally, palpitation, neck stiffness or soreness, nausea, vomiting, sweating (sometimes with fever and sometimes with cold, clammy skin), dilated pupils, and photophobia. Either tachycardia or bradycardia may be present and can be associated with constricting chest pain. Intracranial bleeding has been reported in association with the increase in blood pressure. Patients should be instructed as to the signs and symptoms of severe hypertension and advised to seek immediate medical attention if these signs or symptoms are present.

If a hypertensive crisis occurs, EMSAM should be discontinued immediately and therapy to lower blood pressure should be instituted immediately. Fever should be managed by means of external cooling. Patients must be closely monitored until symptoms have stabilized. To prevent a hypertensive crisis, patients receiving treatment with EMSAM 9 mg per 24 hours or EMSAM 12 mg per 24 hours should follow the advice regarding a low tyramine diet described in Table 5 under Dietary Modifications Required for Patients Taking EMSAM 9 mg per 24 hours and 12 mg per 24 hours [see Drug Interactions (7.2)]. 

###  Blood Pressure Elevation Related to Concomitant Medication 

Carbamazepine is contraindicated with EMSAM because carbamazepine has been shown to significantly elevate selegiline levels, which may increase the risk of a hypertensive crisis [see Contraindications (4) and Drug Interactions (7.4)]. 

The use of EMSAM with adrenergic drugs or buspirone may produce substantial increases in blood pressure. Therefore, monitor blood pressure if EMSAM is used with any of the following drugs: buspirone, amphetamines, or cold products or weight-reducing preparations that contain sympathomimetic amines (e.g., pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, and ephedrine).
Embodiments herein relate to engineered antimicrobial probiotics for the treatment of gastrointestinal pathogens. In embodiments, compositions for treating animals are included. The composition may comprise: a first genetically engineered bacterium comprising a first exogenous polynucleotide. The first exogenous polynucleotide may comprise: a first heterologous promoter and a first polynucleotide encoding a first antimicrobial protein. The composition may further comprise: a second genetically engineered bacterium comprising a second exogenous polynucleotide. The second exogenous polynucleotide may comprise: a second heterologous promoter and a second polynucleotide encoding a second antimicrobial protein. The first heterologous promoter can be induced by a set of exogenous environmental conditions found in the gastrointestinal tract of the animal, and the second heterologous promoter can be induced by a second set of exogenous environmental conditions found in the gastrointestinal tract of the animal. Other embodiments are also included herein.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate plaintiff and defendant characteristics associated with iatrogenic genitourinary (GU) trauma litigation and outcomes of closed claims.
METHODS: LexisNexis was queried in April 2023 using terms related to GU organs and injury, and manually reviewed for iatrogenic cases. Case details including defendant, organ involvement, and legal outcome were obtained. Multinomial regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with outcome.
RESULTS: Four hundred ten cases involving 611 defendants were identified, with the ureter the most commonly affected organ (202/410, 49.3%). Most cases involved adult plaintiffs (380, 92.7%) and resulted in favor of the defense (227, 55.4%). Injuries resulted most frequently from gynecologic surgeries (179, 43.7%). Defendants were most commonly obstetricians/gynecologists (243/611, 39.8%) and urologists (168, 27.5%). Penile (OR 6.3 [95% CI 2.5-16.1]) and urethral (OR 4.8 [2.0-11.7]) injuries were associated with greater odds of a plaintiff verdict relative to ureter injury. A plaintiff verdict was also more likely when defendants were academic hospitals compared to individual practitioners (OR 4.3 [1.9-9.9]). In cases ruling in favor of the plaintiff, indemnity payments were larger when the defendants were comprised of individual practitioners compared to a hospital or medical group (median $549,613 vs $250,000, P <.001).
CONCLUSION: Urologists may be involved in medical malpractice lawsuits for iatrogenic injury even when they are uninvolved in the index procedure. Most cases that reach litigation result in defense verdicts regardless of the GU organ injured. Defendant characteristics associated with plaintiff verdicts are more nuanced, and providers should be aware of potential downstream effects of litigation.
The invention discloses a functional purslane composition. The functional purslane composition has the rapid allergy relief, restoration and protective screen functions and can effectively improve the condition of the surface of the skin. The functional purslane composition comprises a purslane extract, a high-molecular compound of the phospholipid structure, an amino-acid ester and a solvent capable of being applied to household chemicals. The active matter content of the purslane extract is 0.1%-30.0%. The content of the high-molecular compound of the phospholipid structure is 0.1%-30.0%. The content of glutamate is 0.1%-50.0%. The functional purslane composition can be widely applied to daily chemicals, especially skin care products.
A system for transdermally delivering a hydrophobic alkanol soluble active agent to the skin at a constant rate utilizing a lower alkanol penetration enhancer. The system comprises an overlying solvent reservoir containing a lower alkanol solvent and a drug compartment containing an active agent in aqueous alkanol. A one-way membrane is sandwiched between and divides the solvent reservoir from the drum compartment. The one-way membrane is permeable to the alkanol solvent and substantially impermeable to back flux of drug and water into the reservoir. An outer membrane permeable to the alkanol solvent and drug is attached to the outer surface of the drug compartment. Adhesive means is contained on the outer surface of this membrane for attaching the delivery system to the skin of a wearer. Alkanol from the reservoir permeates into the drug compartment and drug and alkanol pass through the outer membrane to the skin of the wearer for transdermal absorption. The rate of alkanol permeation from the reservoir to the drug compartment and from the drug compartment to the skin is substantially constant. The membrane is made up of an epoxidized silicone rubber to which is preferably laminated a layer of a dense hydrophobic copolymer of vinyl-terminated polydimethyl siloxane with methylhydro-dimethyl siloxane. If desired, to prevent any back flux of hydrophobic drugs, and additional layer of cellulose acetate may be sandwiched between the epoxidized silicone rubber and dense hydrophobic membrane.
Embodiments of fluid storage containers (312) comprise a displaceable electrodynamic valve (344) for selectively regulating release of fluid from the container. The fluid storage container has a port (342) and comprises means for defining a reservoir (330) for accommodating a pressurizing a fluid. A displaceable electrodynamic valve selectively opens and closes the port and thereby regulates release of the pressurized fluid from the container. In some implementations, the container has a lid (400) and the port is provided in the container lid. In other implementations, the container has a container body, and the port is provided in the container body. The displaceable electrodynamic valve (344) can take various configurations (e.g., flapper, solenoid) and various forms (e.g., piezoelectric valve) in differing example embodiments. In some embodiments a compressor (361) is provided for pressurizing the fluid, and can also take various forms.
An exercise plan: The "classic" exercise program who they will carry out a 5-minute warm-up program with active mobilizations. After that, they will perform intervals of 5 min with resistance to maintain the heart rate prescribed, with active breaks of 1 - 2 min, 4 repetitions. At the end, there will be a return to calm The program of high-intensity anaerobic exercise will consist of a 5-minute warm-up , followed by 5 sets of isokinetic exercise with protocol "November 20", rest of 90 s between series. The program will be done 3 times per week for 12 weeks.
OBJECTIVE: Since 2018, Thailand's helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) has been used to transport critically ill pediatric patients from Tak Province's community hospitals to the tertiary care hospital. This article describes a pilot study to look at the feasibility of comparing mortality rates and complications during transport.
METHODS: This retrospective pilot study used data from the medical records of the referring and receiving hospitals. Participants were critically ill patients under 18 years of age who were transferred between facilities using HEMS or ground emergency medical services (GEMS) between January 2018 and December 2022. HEMS transported 9 patients, whereas GEMS transported 52.
RESULTS: The predominant age group was newborns. Respiratory-related conditions were the most common diagnoses. The majority of patients underwent intubation and displayed abnormal respiratory rates and levels of consciousness before flight. Approximately one third were hypotensive or required vasoactive drugs. Cardiac arrest requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation was the most common significant complication during transport in the HEMS group (22.2%). Meanwhile, changing hospital destination because of an unstable patient condition was the most common complication during transport in the GEMS group (3.9%). Hypotension was the most common complication upon arrival at the receiving hospital in both groups (25% versus 8%). HEMS demonstrated shorter transport times.
CONCLUSION: HEMS reduced transport times compared with GEMS. However, there was a higher incidence of cardiac arrest requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation during transfer and hypotension upon arrival.
Olfactory dysfunction is an early sign of such neurodegenerative diseases as Parkinson's (PD) and Alzheimer's (AD), and is often present in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), a precursor of AD. Understanding neuro-temporal relationships, i.e., functional connectivity, between olfactory eloquent structures in such disorders, could shed light on their basic pathophysiology. To this end, we employed region-based analyses using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) obtained from cognitively normal (CN), MCI, and PD patients with cognitive impairment (PD-CogImp). Using machine learning (linear and ensemble learning), we determined whether the identified functional patterns could classify abnormal function from normal function. Olfaction, as measured by objective testing, was found to be most strongly associated with diagnostic status, emphasizing the fundamental association of this primary sensory system with these conditions. Consistently lower functional connectivity was observed in the PD-CogImp cohort compared to the CN cohort among all identified brain regions. Differences were also found between PD-CogImp and MCI at the level of the orbitofrontal and cingulate cortices. MCI and CN subjects had different functional connectivity between the posterior orbitofrontal cortex and thalamus. Regardless of study group, males showed significantly higher connectivity than females in connections involving the orbitofrontal cortex. The logistic regression model trained using the top discriminatory features revealed that caudate was the most involved olfaction-related brain structure (accuracy = 0.88, Area under the Receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.90). In aggregate, our study demonstrates that resting functional connectivity among olfactory eloquent structures has potential value in better understanding the pathophysiology of several neurodegenerative diseases.
Concerning the control group, the participants, adults volunteers are recruited among friends and families of students who collaborate with sleep center for scientific projects. These subjects have no complaints related to OSA and will have to undergo a sleep examination (ventilatory polygraphy) to certify the absence of OSA. This group consisted of 23 patients (14 girls and 9 boys).
In the intervention arm, OCT imaging is performed which will take about 3 minutes. The decision on the most adequate treatment strategy will be based directly on the OCT diagnosis, but only when there is certainty about the presence of BCC and BCC subtype according to the OCT diagnosis. A 'safety' biopsy will be performed after the OCT scan. In patients where the OCT diagnosis leaves doubt or it is certain that there is no BCC, a biopsy will be taken anyway and the treatment decision will be based on the result of this punch biopsy.
Sevuparin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is provided. The chronic kidney disease may comprise kidney damage, particularly inflammation and/or fibrosis. The chronic kidney disease may comprise anaemia, wherein the anemia is anemia in chronic disease (ACD), particularly renal anemia. The sevuparin is preferably used in combination therapy with an agent for use as standard of care (SOC) therapy for chronic kidney disease. The standard of care therapy may be an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA), particularly erythropoietin (EPO), or may be a HIF prolyl hydrolase inhibitor selected from roxadustat, vadadustat, dapurodustat, enarodustat and molidustat. The sevuparin and agent used as a standard of care therapy may be co-administered or administered simultaneously, separately or sequentially. Preferably the use is for restoring responsiveness to erythropoietin in the subject having anemia.
A patient's health is modeled through multiple scenarios. A base model incorporates rules that govern a response by a human being to one or more diseases, as well as a relation between health metrics and the diseases. Health attributes of the patient are obtained. From the base model and the health attributes, a patient model is generated. The patient model is modeled under different parameters to generate health metrics. From an analysis of the parameters and the resulting health metrics, occurrence probabilities for each of the sets of parameters are determined. Risks are identified, which indicate a likelihood of the patient transitioning from the initial state to an adverse outcome such as a diseased state. A report provides a diagnosis of the patient and one or more remedies/interventions that are predicted, based on the plural sets of parameters and resulting health metrics, to avoid or prevent an adverse outcome.
With increased survival of very low birth weight and premature infants over recent decades, bone assessment has become especially vital with the recognition of metabolic bone disease (MBD) of prematurity. Bone assessment became especially vital during last decades with the growing emphasis on metabolic bone disease of prematurity and low-birth-weight infants. Statistics shows that up to 50% of low birth weight and preterm newborns are likely to develop metabolic bone disease. Currently, no screening test has been shown to provide both sensitive and specific evidence of developing MBD over the first several weeks of life in the premature infants. Therefore, there is a need for a non-invasive tool for evaluation of infant bone health. This study will be conducted on premature infants at risk for MBD at multiple time points during their growth, with full term infants as controls. vibro-acoustic analysis (VAA) measurements will be done on the tibia. VAA measurements for the premature infants will be compared to those of full term infants. Performance of VAA in identifying osteopenia and its ability to monitor the response to treatment will be evaluated. The investigators will use an ultrasound system that has been used in the pilot study and employ a transducer with a smaller footprint for pediatric application.
Described embodiments include a final dosage form, an article of manufacture, and method. A final dosage form for administering a medicament to an animal is described. The final dosage form includes the medicament. The final dosage form also includes a particle or polymeric material carrying the medicament in a first medicament-release state wherein the medicament is available to the animal in a first bioavailability if the final dosage form is administered to the animal. The particle or polymeric material is modifiable ex vivo by an exposure to a stimulus to carry the medicament in a second medicament-release state wherein the medicament is available to the animal in a second bioavailability if the final dosage form is administered to the animal. In an embodiment, the final dosage form further includes a transport medium suitable for delivering the particle or polymeric material binding the medicament to the animal.
PURPOSE: A pharmaceutical composition and a food composition for preventing and treating cataract containing sea tangle extract are provided to promote glutathione synthesis and increase the concentration of glutathione peroxidase in a crystalline lens. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition and a food composition for preventing and treating cataract contain sea tangle extract. The sea tangle extract contains glutamate, glycine, or cystein. The sea tangle extract further contains magnesium. The composition is used for oral or parenteral administration. The sea tangle extract is isolated through hot water extraction. Ferric ion component is removed from the sea tangle extract.
Hydroxyurea Capsules, USP are an antimetabolite available for oral use as capsules containing 500 mg hydroxyurea. Inactive ingredients include colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, colorants (D&C Yellow No. 10, FD&C Blue No. 1 and FD&C Red No. 40), gelatin and titanium dioxide. Imprinting ink constituents: D&C Yellow No. 10 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Blue No. 2 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Red No. 40 Aluminum Lake, shellac glaze, propylene glycol, ammonium hydroxide, simethicone, synthetic black iron oxide and titanium dioxide.

Hydroxyurea is a white to off-white crystalline powder. It is hygroscopic and freely soluble in water, but practically insoluble in alcohol. The empirical formula is CH4N2O2 and it has a molecular weight of 76.05. Its structural formula is:
Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), stands out as one of the most devastating epidemics impacting wheat production worldwide. Resistant wheat varieties had swiftly been overcome due to the emergence of new virulent Pst strains. Effectors secreted by Pst interfere with plant immunity, and verification of their biological function is extremely important for controlling wheat stripe rust. In this study, we identified an effector, Pst-18220, from Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), which was induced during the early infection stage of Pst. Silencing the expression of Pst-18220 through virus-mediated host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) resulted in a decreased number of rust pustules. In Nicotiana benthamiana, it significantly suppressed cell death induced by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pto) DC3000. In Arabidopsis, plants with stable overexpression of Pst-18220 showed increased susceptibility to Pto DC3000, accompanied by a decrease in the expression level of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI)/effector-triggered immunity (ETI)-related genes, namely, AtPCRK1, AtPCRK2, and AtBIK1. These results emphasize the significant role of the Pst candidate effector, Pst-18220, in rust pathogenicity and the suppression of plant defense mechanisms. This broadens our understanding of effectors without any known motif.
Devices, coatings, and methods therefore comprise a medical device for delivering nanoparticles of an active agent to a treatment site. A coating on the medical device comprises active agent nanoparticles, which delivers coating to the treatment site and releases active agent nanoparticles into the treatment site over at least one day. A coating may comprise a polymer, a surfactant, and the nanoparticles. The coating may be prepared by forming a nanoemulsion. A coating may comprise encapsulated active agent nanoparticles which comprise active agent nanoparticles encapsulated in a polymer. The coating may have a positive surface charge. The coating may deliver active agent nanoparticles into the treatment site over at least about one day. The coating may be formed of a surfactant and nanoparticles mixture. The active agent nanoparticles may be deposited on the medical device using electrostatic capture.
The dose of azithromycin will be 10mg/kg/day oral suspension for 3 consecutive days for pediatric patients (\<12 years old) and 500mg/day in three consecutive days for adults. The cycle will be repeated every seven days (3 cycles/month) and will be repeated if required according to patient's response up to 6 cycles. Side effects of therapy will be recorded. This protocol is based on previous case reports.