anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Variants of the G protein-coupled receptor 75 (GPR75) are associated with a lower BMI in large-scale human exome-sequencing studies. However, how GPR75 regulates body weight remains poorly understood. Using random germline mutagenesis in mice, we identified a missense allele (Thinner) of Gpr75 that resulted in a lean phenotype and verified the decreased body weight and fat weight in Gpr75-knockout (Gpr75-/-) mice. Gpr75-/- mice displayed reduced food intake under high-fat diet (HFD) feeding, and pair-feeding normalized their body weight. The endogenous GPR75 protein was exclusively expressed in the brains of 3xFlag-tagged Gpr75-knockin (3xFlag-Gpr75) mice, with consistent expression across different brain regions. GPR75 interacted with Gαq to activate various signaling pathways after HFD feeding. Additionally, GPR75 was localized in the primary cilia of hypothalamic cells, whereas the Thinner mutation (L144P) and human GPR75 variants in individuals with a lower BMI failed to localize in the cilia. Loss of GPR75 selectively inhibited weight gain in HFD-fed mice but failed to suppress the development of obesity in leptin ob-mutant (Lepob-mutant) mice and adenylate cyclase 3-mutant (Adcy3-mutant) mice on a chow diet. Our data reveal that GPR75 is a ciliary protein expressed in the brain and plays an important role in regulating food intake.
Cohort 2 included patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus for ≥1 year and using insulin by multiple-daily subcutaneous injections or insulin pump and spending \>1.5 hours per day with a sensor mean glucose of \<70 mg/dL for at least 28 days (time in hypoglycemia). All participants had the Eversense XL Glucose Sensor subcutaneously implanted into their arm of choice. Those randomized into the Enabled group were trained and allowed to use the Eversense XL system for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). They were not allowed to use another CGM or FGM system.
Cellular senescence is implicated in ageing and associated with a broad spectrum of age-related diseases. Importantly, a cell can initiate the senescence program irrespective of the organism's age. Various stress signals, including those defined as ageing hallmarks and alterations leading to cancer development, oncogene activation, or loss of cancer-suppressive functions, can trigger cellular senescence. The primary outcome of these alterations is the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, thereby inducing the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, components of this phenotype, contribute to chronic systemic sterile inflammation, commonly referred to as inflamm-ageing. This inflammation is linked to age-related diseases (ARDs), frailty, and increased mortality in older individuals. Additionally, senescent cells (SCs) accumulate in multiple tissues with age and are believed to underlie the organism functional decline, as demonstrated by models. An escalating effort has been dedicated to identify senotherapeutics that selectively target SCs by inducing apoptosis; these drugs are termed senolytics. Concurrently, small molecules that suppress senescent phenotypes without causing cell death are known as senomorphics. Both natural and synthetic senotherapeutics, along with immunotherapies employing immune cell-mediated clearance of SCs, currently represent the most promising strategies to combat ageing and ARDs. Indeed, it is fascinating to observe that information regarding the immune reaction to SCs indicates that regulation by specific lymphocyte subsets, elevated in the oldest centenarians, plays a role in attaining extreme longevity. Regardless, the application of methods already utilized in cancer treatment, such as CAR cells and monoclonal antibodies, broadens the spectrum of potential approaches to be utilized.
The invention aims to provide a swollen head syndrome vaccine and a preparation method thereof so as to overcome defects in the prior art. The swollen head syndrome vaccine is prepared by taking an avian pneumovirus with the preservation number of CGMCC No.9001 as an antigen. The adopted avian pneumovirus has the characteristics of good safety and high immunogenicity. The swollen head syndrome vaccine can be used for improving antibodies of SPF chicken so as to prevent symptoms such as swollen head and the descending of an egg laying rate which are caused by avian pneumovirus. The swollen head syndrome vaccine has the advantages of high efficiency and good safety. The application effects show that 100% of positive effect is achieved after the vaccine provided by the invention is applied for 14 days, but only 40% of positive effect is achieved by an imported vaccine; the mean value of the antibody of the vaccine provided by the invention can reach 5.7496, but the mean value of the antibody of the imported vaccine is 0.08707; the mean value of the antibody is 11.9466 after the vaccine provided by the invention is applied for 21 days, but the mean value of the antibody of the imported vaccine is 1.6595, i.e., the mean value of the antibody of the vaccine provided by the invention is 5 to 10 times higher than that of the antibody of the imported vaccine.
The skin wash composition has a pH in the range 3.0 to 4.5 and comprises 0.1 to 10% w/w of an acid, up to 20% w/w of a non-ionic alkylpolyglucoside surfactant and 2 to 8% w/w of an amphoteric surfactant. The acid is one of salicyclic acid, maleic acid, pyruvic acid, citric acid, malic acid, alpha-hydroxy-octanoic acid, lactic acid or glycolic acid. The preferred alkylpolyglucoside surfactants are decyl glucoside and lauryl glucoside, or mixtures thereof.  The preferred surfactants include n-alkyl betaines such as cetyl betaine or behenyl betaine, and n-alkylamido betaines such as cocoamidopropyl betaine. The composition may further comprise a neutralising agent such as tromethamine, sodium hydroxide or triethanolamine. The composition is intended for topical application to water-wetted skin and can be used to treat acne or improve the appearance and condition of human skin.
An improved contraceptive diaphragm is provided which has a bioerodible matrix that disintegrates in the vaginal fluids within a predetermined period of time. The matrix is made from a water soluble gel, more particularly from a water soluble polymeric resin gel, and preferably from a polyvinyl alcohol resin gel. The solubility of the water soluble gel in the vaginal fluids is controllably reduced for example, by heat treatment of the gel after formation of the diaphragm. The diaphragm does not have to be removed in a single piece, but is excreted as a slight vaginal discharge. In one aspect of the invention, a natural collagenous protein is embedded in the matrix to assure sealing adherence of the diaphragm when positioned in the vagina. In another aspect of the invention a hydrophilic material is provided at the center of the matrix to effectively absorb secreted cervical mucus thereby creating a dry passageway which will impede entrance of the sperm.
Microbiota-directed complementary food (MDCF) formulations have been designed to repair the gut communities of malnourished children. A randomized controlled trial demonstrated that one formulation, MDCF-2, improved weight gain in malnourished Bangladeshi children compared to a more calorically dense standard nutritional intervention. Metagenome-assembled genomes from study participants revealed a correlation between ponderal growth and expression of MDCF-2 glycan utilization pathways by Prevotella copri strains. To test this correlation, here we use gnotobiotic mice colonized with defined consortia of age- and ponderal growth-associated gut bacterial strains, with or without P. copri isolates closely matching the metagenome-assembled genomes. Combining gut metagenomics and metatranscriptomics with host single-nucleus RNA sequencing and gut metabolomic analyses, we identify a key role of P. copri in metabolizing MDCF-2 glycans and uncover its interactions with other microbes including Bifidobacterium infantis. P. copri-containing consortia mediated weight gain and modulated energy metabolism within intestinal epithelial cells. Our results reveal structure-function relationships between MDCF-2 and members of the gut microbiota of malnourished children with potential implications for future therapies.
Once the patient is intubated and after initiating ventilation in a volume control mode using a tidal volume of 7 ml/kg of predicted body weight (PBW) with an inspiration: expiration ratio of 1:2; a respiratory rate of 12-14 breaths per minute to maintain the etCO2 at 35-40 mmHg and an initial PEEP of 5 cmH2O, the investigators will apply an alveolar recruitment maneuver (ARM) with estimation of the open lung PEEP using an end-inspiratory pause (EIP) corresponding with a of 10% of the total inspiratory time. Volume control ventilation will be restored after ARM maintaining the same ventilatory parameters except the EIP, which in this group will be of 10% of total inspiratory time.
Irradiation will take place during DIBH induced by MANIV (Bellavista 1000, IMTMedical®) with SL mode. Oxygen will be added (FiO2 60%) to safely and easily prolong the DIBH duration up to 30 seconds to allow the complete delivery of a treatment beam.
BACKGROUND: Perioperative myocardial injury (PMI) with different cut-off values has showed to be associated with different prognostic effect after cardiac surgery. Machine learning (ML) method has been widely used in perioperative risk predictions during cardiac surgery. However, the utilization of ML in PMI has not been studied yet. Therefore, we sought to develop and validate the performances of ML for PMI with different cut-off values in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
METHODS: This was a second analysis of a multicenter clinical trial (OPTIMAL) and requirement for written informed consent was waived due to the retrospective design. Patients aged 18-70 undergoing elective cardiac surgery with CPB from December 2018 to April 2021 were enrolled in China. The models were developed using the data from Fuwai Hospital and externally validated by the other three cardiac centres. Traditional logistic regression (LR) and eleven ML models were constructed. The primary outcome was PMI, defined as the postoperative maximum cardiac Troponin I beyond different times of upper reference limit (40x, 70x, 100x, 130x) We measured the model performance by examining the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), precision-recall curve (AUPRC), and calibration brier score.
RESULTS: A total of 2983 eligible patients eventually participated in both the model development (n = 2420) and external validation (n = 563). The CatboostClassifier and RandomForestClassifier emerged as potential alternatives to the LR model for predicting PMI. The AUROC demonstrated an increase with each of the four cutoffs, peaking at 100x URL in the testing dataset and at 70x URL in the external validation dataset. However, it's worth noting that the AUPRC decreased with each cutoff increment. Additionally, the Brier loss score decreased as the cutoffs increased, reaching its lowest point at 0.16 with a 130x URL cutoff. Moreover, extended CPB time, aortic duration, elevated preoperative N-terminal brain sodium peptide, reduced preoperative neutrophil count, higher body mass index, and increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were identified as risk factors for PMI across all four cutoff values.
CONCLUSIONS: The CatboostClassifier and RandomForestClassifer algorithms could be an alternative for LR in prediction of PMI. Furthermore, preoperative higher N-terminal brain sodium peptide and lower high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were strong risk factor for PMI, the underlying mechanism require further investigation.
The invention discloses a bicyclo [4.1.0] heptane nitrosourea derivative for bioorthogonal reaction and a preparation method and application thereof. The structural formula of the bicyclo [4.1.0] heptane nitrosourea derivative is shown as a formula I, wherein R represents alkyl with 1-15 carbon atoms, aryl with 6-15 carbon atoms or H; x represents O or N; n is a natural number between 1 and 10. The present invention provides for the first time a pH-induced IEDDA reaction of trans-cycloheptene with tetrazine and as a bioorthogonal reaction. The invention introduces the dicyclic nitrosourea derivative (BNU) -dicyclic [4.1.0] heptane nitrosourea derivative as the precursor for storing and releasing trans-cycloheptene, thereby utilizing the high activity of the trans-cycloheptene and avoiding the instability of the trans-cycloheptene as much as possible. The pH-induced bio-orthogonal reaction provided by the invention can be applied to in-vitro protein labeling, living cell imaging and tissue pre-labeling imaging, and can also be applied to in-vivo animal tumor pre-labeling imaging. The novel bioorthogonal reaction provided by the invention has wide application prospect.
BACKGROUND: Intrahepatic triacylglycerol (liver TG) content is associated with hepatic insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Liver TG content can be modulated within days under hypocaloric conditions.
OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that 4 d of eucaloric low-carbohydrate/high-fat (LC) intake would decrease liver TG content, whereas a high-carbohydrate/low-fat (HC) intake would increase liver TG content, and further that alterations in liver TG would be linked to dynamic changes in hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism.
METHODS: A randomized crossover trial in males with 4 d + 4 d of LC and HC, respectively, with ≥2 wk of washout. 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) was used to measure liver TG content, with metabolic testing before and after intake of an LC diet (11E% carbohydrate corresponding to 102 ± 12 {mean ± standard deviation [SD]) g/d, 70E% fat} and an HC diet (65E% carbohydrate corresponding to 537 ± 56 g/d, 16E% fat). Stable [6,6-2H2]-glucose and [1,1,2,3,3-D5]-glycerol tracer infusions combined with hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps and indirect calorimetry were used to measure rates of hepatic glucose production and lipolysis, whole-body insulin sensitivity and substrate oxidation.
RESULTS: Eleven normoglycemic males with overweight or obesity (BMI 31.6 ± 3.7 kg/m2) completed both diets. The LC diet reduced liver TG content by 35.3% (95% confidence interval: -46.6, -24.1) from 4.9% [2.4-11.0] (median interquartile range) to 2.9% [1.4-6.9], whereas there was no change after the HC diet. After the LC diet, fasting whole-body fat oxidation and plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration increased, whereas markers of de novo lipogenesis (DNL) diminished. Fasting plasma TG and insulin concentrations were lowered and the hepatic insulin sensitivity index increased after LC. Peripheral glucose disposal was unchanged.
CONCLUSIONS: Reduced carbohydrate and increased fat intake for 4 d induced a marked reduction in liver TG content and increased hepatic insulin sensitivity. Increased rates of fat oxidation and ketogenesis combined with lower rates of DNL are suggested to be responsible for lowering liver TG. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04581421.
Non-hospitalized Covid-19 survivors that has previously testet positive in an Polymerase chain reaction test without being admittet to the hospital. Time from infection data start is \> 6 months. The group will include almost the total population of adults who have tested positive in a Polymerase Chain Reaction test. Those with secret adresses and those without access to digital mail (information channel of the questionnaire) will be excluded being approcimatelyh 7% of 650.000 possible participants. The group encompasses 593.741 participants.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lip cream containing a base material for the lip cream and a tacky/adhesive agent of 5-200 pts.wt. per 100 pts.wt. of the base material.  <P>SOLUTION: The lip cream which keeps the lips closed and facilitates breathing through the nose is obtained by the lip cream containing the base material 100 for the lip cream and the tacky/adhesive agent of 5-200 pts.wt. per 100 pts.wt. of the base material. Since the lip cream shows the appropriate stickiness, the lips are kept closed easily if the lip cream is applied to the lips when sleeping or going out. Consequently, air is breathed mainly through the nose, and the dryness of the mucous membranes from the inside of the oral cavity to the windpipe is prevented.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI
Diabetes prevalence is higher in rural areas that have lower resources to diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES), a cornerstone to optimal diabetes management. A time efficient DSMES program delivered via telehealth by multidisciplinary experts that also encourages care partner and peer support is a creative solution to increasing access to DSMES and reducing disparities. This study is guided by the Research, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. English and Spanish-speaking participants and care partners will receive a one-time, 8-hour telehealth intervention at the rural clinic where they receive their usual care, from the multidisciplinary team. The rural clinical practices will provide feedback in two rounds, with iterative practice-level changes, to address process and/or workflow issues. Our overall objective is to adapt, implement, refine, and evaluate a time efficient DSMES program delivered via telehealth by a team of multidisciplinary experts that encourages care partner and peer support to improve A1C and diabetes self-management in rural communities to reduce disparities. Our multidisciplinary team includes researchers and clinical healthcare providers with experience in diabetes care, DSMES delivery, community-engaged research, practice-based research, and rural health issues. The University of Utah and High Plains Research Network provide a strong environment for this particular study. The proposed study will 1) adapt the exiting Diabetes One-Day Program (D1D) for use in rural communities (Rural Diabetes One-Day Program or R-D1D), 2) conduct a patient-level pilot RCT to examine effects of R-D1D (intervention group) versus standard patient education (attention control group), guided by the RE-AIM framework. Our ultimate goal is to reduce health disparities in rural populations by increasing access to diabetes specialty care using telehealth. Preliminary data support the D1D intervention, but will require adaptation to translate for rural populations, then iterative refinement at the practice level to support long-term maintenance. Such a tested, accepted intervention should have a beneficial effect on diabetes self-management across multiple rural locations.
BACKGROUND: Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) often results in altered cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow and secondary hydrocephalus, yet the mechanisms behind these phenomena remain poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of SAH on individual CSF flow patterns and their association with secondary hydrocephalus.
METHODS: In patients who had experienced SAH, changes in CSF flow were assessed using cardiac-gated phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) at the Sylvian aqueduct and cranio-cervical junction (CCJ). Within these regions of interest, volumetric CSF flow was determined for every pixel and net CSF flow volume and direction calculated. The presence of acute or chronic hydrocephalus was deemed from ventriculomegaly and need of CSF diversion. For comparison, we included healthy subjects and patients examined for different CSF diseases.
RESULTS: Twenty-four SAH patients were enrolled, revealing a heterogeneous array of CSF flow alterations at the Sylvian aqueduct. The cardiac-cycle-linked CSF net flow in Sylvian aqueduct differed from the traditional figures of ventricular CSF production about 0.30-0.40 mL/min. In 15 out of 24 patients (62.5%), net CSF flow was retrograde from the fourth to the third and lateral ventricles, while it was upward at the cranio-cervical junction in 2 out of 2 patients (100%). The diverse CSF flow metrics did not distinguish between individuals with acute or chronic secondary hydrocephalus. In comparison, 4/4 healthy subjects showed antegrade net CSF flow in the Sylvian aqueduct and net upward CSF flow in CCJ. These net CSF flow measures also showed interindividual variability among other patients with CSF diseases.
CONCLUSIONS: There is considerable inter-individual variation in net CSF flow rates following SAH. Net CSF flow in the Sylvian aqueduct differs markedly from the traditional ventricular CSF production rates of 0.30-0.40 mL/min in SAH patients, but less so in healthy subjects. Furthermore, the cardiac-cycle-linked net CSF flow rates in Sylvian aqueduct and CCJ suggest an important role of extra-ventricular CSF production.
Patients receive ruxolitinib phosphate PO BID on days 1-28 and decitabine IV on days 1-5. Treatment repeats every 4-6 weeks for up to 24 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
In the context of the COVID-19, inflammation emerges as a prominent characteristic. C-reactive protein (CRP) serves as a commonly employed marker for the evaluation of inflammation. This study aimed to examine the correlation between CRP levels and antipsychotic drug concentrations in patients diagnosed with SCZ during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 186 SCZ patients were included in this study, which utilized electronic medical records. The collected data encompassed SCZ diagnoses based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria, respiratory symptoms, and treatments. Laboratory assessments involved the measurement of CRP levels and monitoring of blood drug concentrations. The most prevalent symptoms observed in the patient cohort were fever (59.14%), cough (52.15%), fatigue (45.7%), sore throat (46.24%), runny nose (28.49%), and stuffy nose (25.27%). The levels of CRP during the infection period were significantly higher compared to both the prophase and anaphase of infection (all p < 0.001). The serum levels of clozapine, olanzapine, aripiprazole, quetiapine, and risperidone were elevated during the infection period (all p < 0.001). During the anaphase of infection, patients exhibited higher serum levels of clozapine, olanzapine, and risperidone (all p < 0.001) compared to the infection period, but there was no significant change in serum levels of aripiprazole and quetiapine. Multiple regression analysis revealed a statistically significant positive correlation (P < 0.0001) between CRP and clozapine concentration. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is crucial to adjust the dosage based on drug serum concentration to prevent intoxication or adverse drug reactions.