anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The efficacy of SAPHRIS in the treatment of schizophrenia in adults was evaluated in three fixed-dose, short-term (6 week), randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and active-controlled (haloperidol, risperidone, and olanzapine) trials of adult patients who met DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia and were having an acute exacerbation of their schizophrenic illness. In two of the three trials SAPHRIS demonstrated superior efficacy to placebo. In a third trial, SAPHRIS could not be distinguished from placebo; however, an active control in that trial was superior to placebo.

In the two positive trials for SAPHRIS, the primary efficacy rating scale was the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), which assesses the symptoms of schizophrenia. The primary endpoint was change from baseline to endpoint on the PANSS total score. The results of the SAPHRIS trials in schizophrenia follow:

In trial 1, a 6-week trial (n=174), comparing SAPHRIS (5 mg twice daily) to placebo, SAPHRIS 5 mg twice daily was statistically superior to placebo on the PANSS total score.

In trial 2, a 6-week trial (n=448), comparing two fixed doses of SAPHRIS (5 mg and 10 mg twice daily) to placebo, SAPHRIS 5 mg twice daily was statistically superior to placebo on the PANSS total score. SAPHRIS 10 mg twice daily showed no added benefit compared to 5 mg twice daily and was not significantly different from placebo.

An examination of population subgroups did not reveal any clear evidence of differential responsiveness on the basis of age, gender or race.

Maintenance of efficacy has been demonstrated in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter, flexible dose (5 mg or 10 mg twice daily based on tolerability) clinical trial with a randomized withdrawal design. A total of 700 patients entered open-label treatment with SAPHRIS for a period of 26 weeks. Of these, a total of 386 patients who met pre-specified criteria for continued stability (mean length of stabilization was 22 weeks) were randomized to a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized withdrawal phase. SAPHRIS was statistically superior to placebo in time to relapse or impending relapse defined as increase in PANSS ≥20% from baseline and a Clinical Global Impression–Severity of Illness (CGI-S) score ≥4 (at least 2 days within 1 week) or PANSS score ≥5 on "hostility" or "uncooperativeness" items and CGI-S score >4 (>2 days within a week), or PANSS score ≥5 on any two of the following items: "unusual thought content," "conceptual disorganization," or "hallucinatory behavior" items, and CGI-S score ≥4 (≥2 days within 1 week) or investigator judgment of worsening symptoms or increased risk of violence to self (including suicide) or other persons. The Kaplan-Meier curves of the time to relapse or impending relapse during the double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized withdrawal phase of this trial for SAPHRIS and placebo are shown in Figure 1.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated whether the use of azithromycin during labour or caesarean section reduces the incidence of sepsis and infection among mothers and newborns.
DATA SOURCES: We independently searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and EMBASE databases for relevant studies published before February, 2024.
METHODS: We included RCTs that evaluated the effect of prenatal oral or intravenous azithromycin or placebo on intrapartum or postpartum infection incidence. We included studies evaluating women who had vaginal births as well as caesarean sections. Studies reporting maternal and neonatal infections were included in the current analysis. Review Manager 5.4 was used to analyse 6 randomized clinical trials involving 44,448 mothers and 44,820 newborns. The risk of bias of each included study was assessed using the criteria outlined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.Primary outcomes included the incidence of maternal sepsis and all-cause mortality and neonatal sepsis and all-cause mortality; secondary outcomes included maternal (endometritis, wound and surgical site infections, chorioamnionitis, and urinary tract infections) and neonatal outcomes (infections of the eyes, ears and skin). A random-effects model was used to test for overall effects and heterogeneity.
RESULTS: The pooled odds ratios (ORs) were as follows: 0.65 for maternal sepsis (95% CI, 0.55-0.77; I2, 0%; P < .00001); 0.62 for endometritis (95% CI, 0.52-0.74; I2, 2%; P < .00001); and 0.43 for maternal wound or surgical site infection (95% CI, 0.24-0.78; P < .005); however, there was great heterogeneity among the studies (I2, 75%). The pooled OR for pyelonephritis and urinary tract infections was 0.3 (95% CI, 0.17-0.52; I2, 0%; P < .0001), and that for neonatal skin infections was 0.48 (95% CI, 0.35-0.65; I2, 0%, P < .00001). There was no significant difference in maternal all-cause mortality or incidence of chorioamnionitis between the two groups. No significant differences were observed in the incidence of neonatal sepsis or suspected sepsis, all-cause mortality, or infections of the eyes or ears.
CONCLUSION: In this meta-analysis, azithromycin use during labour reduced the incidence of maternal sepsis, endometritis, incisional infections and urinary tract infections but did not reduce the incidence of neonatal-associated infections, except for neonatal skin infections. These findings indicate that azithromycin may be potentially beneficial for maternal postpartum infections, but its effect on neonatal prognosis remains unclear. Azithromycin should be used antenatally only if the clinical indication is clear and the potential benefits outweigh the harms.
The high dose of remifentanil is 1.2ug/kg/min. The does is sometimes used in clinical practice.
The purpose of the present invention consists in the manufacture of antimicrobial hybrid polymeric nanocomposites, said processes consisting in the following steps: a) dispersion of the nanoparticles with ultrasound and b) polymerization by microwaves. In the present invention Nylon-6 was polymerized in the presence of pure or without functionalizing silver nanoparticles. In this manner the hybrid nanocomposite of Nylon-6 silver was obtained, where the nanoparticles were coated with the polymer without affecting the antimicrobial activity of this nanocomposite. This activity was evaluated with the P. aureginosa bacterium and was observed that a percentage of 0.0% to 99% was reached in a period of time of 180 min. In such a manner, this process allows the silver nanoparticles to present changes in their morphology, changing from spheres to cylinders of nonmetric scale. This material has potential applications in the manufacture of fabric for garment, biomedical material, and manufactur e of prosthesis, parts of air and purifying systems and design of automotive pieces, amongst others.
The investigators will conduct a randomized, cross-over study lasting 14 weeks and including 1 week for screening/enrollment, 1 week baseline assessment, and two intervention periods of 6 weeks each for the cherry juice and placebo interventions. Two test visits, 3 to 7 days apart, will occur before the start of intervention (baseline, or week 0) and then at weeks 6 and 12. Participants will be randomized to consume either the cherry juice or placebo beverage first, and will cross over to the alternate intervention immediately following the end of the first 6 weeks. Test Visit 1 will include measures of blood pressure, vascular tone, liver fat and stiffness, post-prandial metabolic response to the study beverage, cardiovascular activity and function, and nervous system control of cardiovascular activity and tone. Acute effects of study beverages will be measured, as will the chronic effects of study beverage consumption after 6 weeks. At Test Visit 2, participants will take a standard 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Participants will be equipped with physiological monitoring devices, which will monitor cardiovascular activity and function and nervous system control of cardiovascular activity and tone, and continuously measure blood pressure. A series of cognitive function tasks will be administered, and a mental stress test will be conducted. The Test Visit 1 and 2 will be repeated at week 6 and week 12 following each intervention with cherry juice or the placebo beverage.
The invention relates to an application of a tanshinone compound in preparing anti-tumor medicaments, and the prepared medicaments can resist tumors, such as brain tumors, lung cancer, liver caner, breast cancer, prostatic cancer, pancreatic cancer, cervical cancer, gastric cancer, esophagus cancer, and the like. Proved by experiments, the tanshinone compound is concentration-dependent to suppress the proliferation of tumor cells. The compound can obviously induce the expression of quinone reductase and obviously suppress the generation of tumor vessels, thus the compound can also be used for preparing cancer chemical prevention medicaments, anti-inflammatory medicaments and medicaments for suppressing the generation of the tumor vessels. Frequently used low-price reagents, such as alcohol, chloroform, methanol, silica gel, and the like, are used for separating tanshinone compound monomers from medicinal materials. The method is simple and reliable, has low cost and high efficiency, can be used for carrying out industrialized mass production and is beneficial to popularization and application. The tanshinone compound has a structural general formula disclosed in the specification.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound expressed by the formula (R1-R3 are 1-3C alkyl; X is H or OH; R4 is side chain of amino acid; Y is OH, Cl, Br, NO3 or SO4/2). EXAMPLE:N-(3-Trimethylammonio-2-hydroxypropyl)-L-serine hydrochloride. USE:A blending agent for cosmetics, used in shampoo, hair rinse, permanent waving first and second agents, hair cream, etc., capable of imparting adsorbing action and softening action on the air and improving humectant property and water solubility and safe for the skin and hair with low irritancy. PREPARATION:An amino acid is reacted with, e.g. a 3-halogeno-2- hydroxypropyltrialkylammonium salt, to afford the aimed compound expressed by the formula. The pH in the reaction system is preferably kept at 8-12, especially 9-11 in the reaction and, as necessary, dripping of an alkaline solution, such as NaOH or KOH, is carried out.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject liquid preparation composition reducing a bitter taste of a vitamin B1 derivative by adding two kinds of specific substances to the vitamin B1 derivative. SOLUTION: This liquid preparation composition formulated with a vitamin B1 derivative is obtained by blending an extract of a licorice and a nonionic surfactant to the vitamin B1 derivative. As the vitamin B1 derivative, various derivatives thereof having a peculiar bitter state, e.g. an asymmetric disulfide type B1 derivative, a symmetric disulfide type B1 derivative and an S-acyl type B1 derivative, are cited. The formulation amount thereof is preferably and approximately 0.001-0.5wt.%, especially 0.01-0.1wt.%. As the nonionic surfactant, those having >=3 HLB value, e.g. a polyoxyethylene-hardened caster oil and a polyoxyethylenepolyoxypropylene glycol, are preferable. The formulation amount thereof is approximately 0.01-5w/v%, especially and approximately 0.1-0.5w/v%.  The blending amount of the extract of the licorice is approximately 0.01-10wt.%, especially and approximately 0.01-2.0wt.%.
Killer toxins that may have activity against organisms, such as pathogenic organisms, and organisms that express the killer toxins are disclosed herein. The organism may be a recombinant organism or it may endogenously express a killer toxin. In some embodiments, a composition comprises one or more organisms, such as one or more  Saccharomyces  yeasts, and/or one or more killer toxins, such as K1 and/or K2 toxins. In other embodiments, compositions comprise nucleic acids, vectors, host cells, or combinations thereof, comprising one or more killer toxins. Compositions can include one or more additional components, such as, but not limited to, a buffer, carrier, adjuvant, additional therapeutic, or combinations thereof. Kits that comprise one or more organisms and/or killer toxins are described. Uses of the organisms and/or killer toxins can include administration to a subject to treat an infection by one or more yeasts, such as  Candida glabrata . Administration can comprise one or more of various methods as described herein, such as topical and/or intravaginal administration.
This is an investigator-blinded, bilateral comparison study. A total of up to 12 subjects with mild to moderate plaque psoriasis will be enrolled in this study, so that at least 10 subjects complete the 4 week trial. These 12 subjects will receive the combination therapy of Clobex® Spray and Vectical® Ointment to treat their psoriatic lesions (except those on the scalp, face, groin, axillae or other intertriginous areas). Half of the subjects will first apply the Clobex® Spray followed by the Vectical ointment to lesions on the right side of their bodies, and Vectical® Ointment first followed by Clobex® Spray to the lesions of the left side of their bodies. The other half of the subjects will first apply Clobex® Spray followed by Vectical® Ointment to the lesions of the left side of their bodies, and Vectical® Ointment first followed by Clobex® Spray to the lesions on right side of their bodies. Treatment will be applied twice daily for 4 weeks. One target area on each side of the subject's body will be chosen for target lesion assessment.

All subjects will be consented prior to any study evaluations/procedures. Study evaluations including Target Lesion Severity Score (TLSS) and photography will be performed at Baseline/Day 0, week 2 and week 4.
The invention belongs to the technical field of medicine and particularly relates to traditional Chinese medicine for treating chronic abacterial prostatitis. The traditional Chinese medicine is prepared from, by weight, 8-16 parts of crossostephium chinense roots, 5-13 parts of sassafras, 8-16 parts of platycladi seeds, 8-16 parts of wilson begonia rhizomes, 8-16 parts of stems and roots of mariscus sumatrensis(Retz.)T.Koyama, 8-16 parts of clove, 8-16 parts of ficus esquiroliana, 5-13 parts of ficus esquiroliana bark, 5-13 parts of clerodendrum bungei roots, 5-13 parts of sargentodoxa cuneata (Oliv. ) Rehd. et Wils., 11-19 parts of mindarmor grass and 4-8 parts of ficus lyrata. All types of the medicine are combined are precise and appropriate in compatibility of medicine, are targeted to pathogenesis and jointly achieve the effects of tonifying qi and activating blood, dispersing cold, tonifying the spleen, reducing phlegm, dispersing stasis and eliminating symptoms and activating meridians to stop pain, and the traditional Chinese medicine has the advantage of being high in cure rate when being used for treating chronic abacterial prostatitis.
Manual Proximal External Aortic Compression (M-PEAC) has been described for temporizing non-compressible hemorrhage. Point of Care Ultrasonographically guided External Aortic Compression (POCUS-PEAC), a new technique, has been used for management of junctional hemorrhage. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of US-PEAC to M-PEAC in reducing the distal arterial flow. This study also evaluates whether a small weight operator would benefit most of the US-PEAC compared to a standard weight operator. Other objectives are to evaluate pain and secondary effects. We will conduct an experimental crossover trial on healthy volunteers. Subjects will be recruited using a convenient sample. M-EAC and US-EAC will be performed on each subject. Femoral arterial flows will be measured by Doppler before and after each compression. Femoral flow reduction will be calculated for each technique and compared. The compression will be first accomplished by an 80 kg operator followed by a 57 kg operator. After each compression, pain will be evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS). Fifteen minutes after the intervention, pain will be recorded using the same VAS. A follow-up will be ensured at 24 hours and at one week to evaluate for secondary effects.
NEW MATERIAL:1-Substituted-azacyclopentan-2-one of formula (n is 2-4). EXAMPLE:1-(3,7,11-Trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienyl)azacyclopentan-2-one. USE:A medicine. A drug for transcutaneous administration. It promotes transcutaneous absorption of a drug, has safety and gives agreeable feeling to the skin. PREPARATION:The compound of formula I can be produced by reacting azacyclopentan-2-one with a halide of formula II (X is halogen) in the presence of a base such as NaH in an inert gas atmosphere under anhydrous condition in a hydrocarbon solvent such as anhydrous toluene at a temperature between room temperature and refluxing temperature.
BACKGROUND: Asymptomatic carriage of infected red blood cells (iRBCs) can be prevalent in communities regardless of transmission patterns and can occur with infection of different Plasmodium species. Clinical immunity dampens the inflammatory responses leading to disease symptoms in malaria. The aim of this study was to define the immunological correlates of asymptomatic carriage of Plasmodium falciparum in a highly exposed population.
METHODS: 142 asymptomatic Plasmodium-infected individuals greater than 2 years of age without fever (body temperature <37.5 ℃) were followed weekly for 10 weeks before being treated with artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). Plasma levels of 38 cytokines were measured at baseline by Luminex and the quantity and growth inhibitory activities of circulating parasite-reactive antibodies measured. The Plasmodium antigen tested included P. falciparum merozoite extract (ME) and schizont extract (SE), and the recombinant proteins erythrocyte binding antigen 175 (EBA-175) and merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-119).
RESULTS: Median levels of IgG against P. falciparum EBA-175 and MSP-119 at baseline were significantly higher in those older than 20 years of age compared with the younger age group and appeared to correlate with better parasite control. Amongst all participants there were no discernible changes in IgG levels over time. Parasite density was higher in the younger age group and associated with IL-10, TNF and MCP-1 levels. A balanced IL-10:TNF ratio was associated with asymptomatic malaria regardless of age, and balanced ratios of IL-10/TNF and IL-10/IFN-γ were the only significant correlate of maintenance of asymptomatic malaria over the course of the study in individuals 20 years of age and younger.
CONCLUSION: The above findings indicate that asymptomatic carriage of P. falciparum in children living in a hyperendemic area occurs independently of IgG but is associated with a balanced inflammatory cytokine ratio.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating rheumatic arthritis. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from 15-25 parts of psychotria serpens L., 15-25 parts of taxillus chinensis (DC.) Danser, 15-25 parts of liquidambar formosana Hance, 15-25 parts of paederia scandens (Lour.) Merr., 10-20 parts of psychotria rubra (Lour.) Poir., 10-20 parts of morinda officinalis How, 5-15 parts of hedyotis hedyotidea (DC.) Merr., 5-15 parts of serissa serissoides (DC.) Druce, 5-15 parts of ageratum conyzoides L. and 5-15 parts of liquorice. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is capable of relieving swelling and pain, promoting blood circulation to remove meridian obstruction, eliminating dampness and expelling wind, targets at treating the rheumatic arthritis pathologically and is capable of treating both symptoms and root causes, effective in treatment, short in curing time, simplified in medicine compatibility, wide in medicine source and low in cost, and the cured rheumatic arthritis is difficult to recur.
Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) involve perceptions, often voices, in the absence of external stimuli, and rank among the most common symptoms of schizophrenia. Metrical stress evaluation requires determination of the stronger syllable in words, and therefore requires auditory imagery, of interest for investigation of hallucinations in schizophrenia. The current functional magnetic resonance imaging study provides an updated whole-brain network analysis of a previously published study on metrical stress, which showed reduced directed connections between Broca's and Wernicke's regions of interest (ROIs) for hallucinations. Three functional brain networks were extracted, with the language network (LN) showing an earlier and shallower blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) response for hallucinating patients, in the auditory imagery condition only (the reduced activation for hallucinations observed in the original ROI-based results were not specific to the imagery condition). This suggests that hypoactivation of the LN during internal auditory imagery may contribute to the propensity to hallucinate. This accords with cognitive accounts holding that an impaired balance between internal and external linguistic processes (underactivity in networks involved in internal auditory imagery and overactivity in networks involved in speech perception) contributes to our understanding of the biological underpinnings of hallucinations.
Zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepine agent indicated for treatment of insomnia. While zolpidem crosses the placenta, little is known about its safety in pregnancy. We assessed associations between self-reported zolpidem use 1 month before pregnancy through to the end of the third month ("early pregnancy") and specific birth defects using data from two multi-site case-control studies: National Birth Defects Prevention Study and Slone Epidemiology Center Birth Defects Study. Analysis included 39,711 birth defect cases and 23,035 controls without a birth defect. For defects with ≥ 5 exposed cases, we used logistic regression with Firth's penalised likelihood to estimate adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, considering age at delivery, race/ethnicity, education, body mass index, parity, early-pregnancy antipsychotic, anxiolytic, antidepressant use, early-pregnancy opioid use, early-pregnancy smoking, and study as potential covariates. For defects with three-four exposed cases, we estimated crude odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Additionally, we explored differences in odds ratios using propensity score-adjustment and conducted a probabilistic bias analysis of exposure misclassification. Overall, 84 (0.2%) cases and 46 (0.2%) controls reported early-pregnancy zolpidem use. Seven defects had sufficient sample size to calculate adjusted odds ratios, which ranged from 0.76 for cleft lip to 2.18 for gastroschisis. Four defects had odds ratios > 1.8. All confidence intervals included the null. Zolpidem use was rare. We could not calculate adjusted odds ratios for most defects and estimates are imprecise. Results do not support a large increase in risk, but smaller increases in risk for certain defects cannot be ruled out.
A prospective, multi-centre double blind randomised placebo-controlled study to demonstrate the safety and tolerance of a new rice-based hydrolysate in children with diagnosed Cow's Milk Allergy (CMA). The test product being a new milk substitute hydrolysed rice-based formula with new ingredient. The results will satisfy the safety requirement when tolerated by 90% of children with proven CMA, with a confidence of 95%. New, and previously diagnosed children with confirmed CMA who meet the inclusion criteria will be eligible to participate in the study. Those included in the intervention phase will have IgE testing and an oral food challenge (OFC) to test and placebo products, in a randomised double-blind design. Children with a negative reaction to both test and placebo products will receive the test product for a period of 7 days (open challenge).