anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an agent exhibiting high safety and simultaneously preventing or ameliorating hyperlipemia exhibiting high VLDL secretion activity.  <P>SOLUTION: The agent for preventing or ameliorating the hyperlipemia contains as an active ingredient an organic solvent extract or an organic solvent-aqueous solution extract of at least one kind of plant materials selected from the group consisting of Saussurea involucrata Kar. et Kir. ex Maxim., Urtica dioica, Mentha Spicata L., Ocimum basilicum L., Andrographis paniculata, Lippia citriodora, Amomum cardamomum L., Engelhardtia chrysolepis Hance. and Piper nigrum. L. The extract with the organic solvent or an aqueous solution of the organic solvent of the Saussurea involucrata Kar. et Kir. ex Maxim., the Urtica dioica, the Mentha Spicata L., the Ocimum basilicum L., the Andrographis paniculata, the Lippia citriodora, the Amomum cardamomum L., the Engelhardtia chrysolepis Hance. and the Piper nigrum. L., the VLDL secretion inhibitor containing the extract of Syzygium aromaticum L. as an active ingredient, and the food and drink, the cosmetic or the medicine containing them are also provided.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
PURPOSE:To obtain the title drink containing an active ingredient in high concentration, having excellent transparency, by adding ethyl alcohol to suspension of royal jelly, treating the suspension at specific concentration, temperature and pH to prepare a solution and using the solution to give a drink. CONSTITUTION:Water is added to royal jelly to give suspension, to which ethyl alcohol is added to give >=0.5% solution. The solution is then kept at 45-70 deg.C for 5min, rapidly cooled to <=40 deg.C and incorporated with an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate, etc. into pH4.5-7.0. Then insoluble components are removed by, e.g. centrifugal separation to give a transparent royal jelly solution, which, for example, is mixed with a raw material for drinking, such as thermally sterilized fruit juice to give the aimed drink.
In the previous studies, which revealed that because neural systems involved in cognition and pain processing are closely linked, they may affect with each other. In addition to sensory symptoms, cognitive functioning is thought to be affected in chronic pain patients. Pain uses cognitive resources, alters neural plasticity and affects expression and activity of a variety of chemical and cellular neuromediators. There are several brain regions such as amygdala and hippocampus which are most commonly activated during pain processing.Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is one of the leading causes of disability among noninstitutionalized elderly adults. One population-based study revealed that osteoarthritis increases the risk of cognitive deficits diseases such as dementia. However the possible mechanism had not be elucidated. Recent study revealed that OA-induced hyperalgesia was associated with increased nerve growth factor (NGF)/tropomycin receptor kinase A (TrkA) signaling. NGF activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/ mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) may play a role in centralization of OA pain. Otherwise NGF has also been shown to produce a dramatic upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in trkA-expressing dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells, and there is now growing evidence that BDNF may serve as a central regulator of excitability and is a neuromodulate or of central pain processing. On the other hand, in previous studies they showed that BDNF plays a critical role in synaptic plasticity, memory processes and storage of long-term memory. The BDNF/tropomycin receptor kinase B (TrkB) system in the hippocampus plays a crucial role not only in the memory acquisition, but also in the retention and / or recall of spatial memory.

Besides ongoing pain in chronic knee OA is characterized by increased brain activity in limbic-affective regions thus providing novel evidence for a strong emotional component of arthritis pain. There are feedback loops exist between pain, emotion and cognition. How is the role of BDNF in such loop? The objective of the study was the evaluation of association between pain characteristics and cognitive functions in severe knee OA patients. Besides, we will try to explore the possible mechanisms by which chronic OA like pain develops to cognitive deficits in animal models. The relationship between BDNF levels in body fluids (serum and CSF) and pain characteristics and cognitive function was also evaluated in the whole sample.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a light-stimulable nail enamel capable of imparting beautiful makeup properties of a nail due to a coating film especially emitting light in the dark by making the nail enamel contain a pearlescent pigment and a light-stimulable pigment therein. SOLUTION: This light-stimulable nail enamel contains at least a light-stimulable pigment and a pearlescent pigment in combination as a colorant. The light-stimulable pigment is capable of retaining a light emission state for a certain extent or more of time in the dark and an aluminate metallic salt activated with a rare earth element, SrAl2 O4 : Eu, Dy, etc., are cited as the luminous pigment. The pearlescent pigment is a pigment capable of showing a color of a metallic gloss by interfering actions or selective reflecting actions of light and titanium dioxide-coated mica, etc., are cited as the pigment. The content of the pearlescent pigment is 0.01-1 pt.wt. based on 1 pt.wt. light-stimulable pigment. Furthermore, a film-forming agent and a solvent can be contained.  The light-stimulable pigment is capable of producing sufficient light emitting effects of a coating film on designabilty in the dark without losing beautiful makeup properties of a nail due to the coating film even when the light emission of the contained light-stimulable pigment is hardly visible in the light.
PURPOSE:To obtain a dentifrice composition excellent in economic efficiency, convenience to producing operation, various functional requirements and quality by blending specific powdery or granular microfibrillated cellulose with other ingredients. CONSTITUTION:A dentifrice composition is obtained by blending powdery or granular microfibrillated cellulose at 20-50% solid concentration and further using an alkali salt of carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) having >=2.0 etherification degree in combination as a binder with other ingredients. The blending ratio of the alkali carboxymethyl cellulose is preferably (1/5)-(4/1) weight ratio expressed in terms of the solid content. Since the aforementioned binder contains two ingredients of the alkali salt of the carboxymethyl cellulose and water and can be handled as a powder or granular form in producing the dentifrice water according to the aforementioned method, the dentifrice has the following effects. The degree of freedom is remarkably increased from the viewpoint of apparatuses, operation, etc., with excellent slipperiness and thixotropy of the resultant dentifrice. Extrudability from tubes is excellent and resistance to putrefaction is comparable to that of synthetic pastes, etc.
ADVAIR DISKUS 250/50 is supplied as a disposable purple device containing 60 blisters. The DISKUS inhalation device is packaged within a plastic-coated, moisture-protective foil pouch (NDC 21695-196-01). 

ADVAIR DISKUS 500/50 is supplied as a disposable purple device containing 60 blisters. The DISKUS inhalation device is packaged within a plastic-coated, moisture-protective foil pouch (NDC 21695-197-01). 

Store at controlled room temperature (see USP), 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F), in a dry place away from direct heat or sunlight. Keep out of reach of children. The DISKUS inhalation device is not reusable. The device should be discarded 1 month after removal from the moisture-protective foil overwrap pouch or after all blisters have been used (when the dose indicator reads “0”), whichever comes first. Do not attempt to take the device apart.
Assesses EMG and EEG activity of healthy controls during a rapid arm task after a warning and go cue. Half of the trials are no threat trials, the other half are threat trials. A painful stimulus is administered during arm movement in 25% of the threat trials in order to evoke anticipation of pain during the 75% other threat trials.
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, encompassing development, tissue homeostasis, and cell proliferation. Under normal physiological conditions, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is meticulously regulated. However, aberrant activation of this pathway and downstream target genes can occur due to mutations in key components of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, epigenetic modifications, and crosstalk with other signaling pathways. Consequently, these dysregulations contribute significantly to tumor initiation and progression. Therapies targeting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling transduction have exhibited promising prospects and potential for tumor treatment. An increasing number of medications targeting this pathway are continuously being developed and validated. This comprehensive review aims to summarize the latest advances in our understanding of the role played by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in carcinogenesis and targeted therapy, providing valuable insights into acknowledging current opportunities and challenges associated with targeting this signaling pathway in cancer research and treatment.
Lidocaine patches are commonly prescribed for acute localized pain. Most of the existing evidence is, however, derived from postoperative or chronic pain. The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of lidocaine patch compared to placebo patch or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for acute localized pain. This was a systematic review and meta-analysis of trials randomizing patients with acute localized pain to lidocaine patch versus placebo patch or NSAIDs. The outcomes were change in pain score (any validated scale) from baseline to a specific time endpoint (primary efficacy); adverse events (primary harm), and time to exit the study due to reaching a pain relief target (secondary). We used Cochrane revised tool to assess the risk of bias and GRADE to rate the quality of evidence. The meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model and Cochrane Q test for heterogeneity. Data were summarized as risk ratios and weighted mean differences with 95% confidence interval (CI). We conducted a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and other major databases, identifying 10 randomized controlled trials with a total of 523 patients. These trials collectively found that lidocaine patches were more effective in controlling both musculoskeletal and neuropathic pain compared to placebo patches. Due to heterogeneity among the studies, we did not pool the efficacy data. The risk of adverse events was similar between the groups (risk ratio: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.48-1.67; moderate-quality evidence). In the two trials comparing lidocaine patches with NSAIDs, there was no statistically significant difference in pain relief between the treatments. Low to moderate-quality evidence from small trials supports the efficacy and safety of lidocaine patch for the treatment of acute localized pain.
Among face masks containing a lotion and others, the nonwoven fabric containing a water absorbing fiber is used in order to make it good in liquid retention and a feeling of wearing. Such a non-woven fabric is produced mainly by thermal bonding processing. However, it is little entanglement of fibers and after wearing, fluff tends to be easily remained on the skin. As to reduction of the plush, the spinning lace processing is effective, however, it is difficult to be applied to the water absorbing and swelling water-absorbing fiber. The present invention provides a spun lace processed water-absorbent nonwoven fabric. A water-absorbing fiber precursor which is characterized in comprising 0.1 to 5.0 mmol/g of an H-type carboxyl group and less than 0.5 mmol/g of a salt-type carboxyl group, in which the total amount of the H-type carboxyl group and the amount of the salt-type carboxyl group is 0.5 mmol/g or more, the water absorption rate is 10 to 1000% by mass, and a water absorption rate is 500 to 50000% by mass when the neutralization degree of the carboxyl group is adjusted to 50%.
BACKGROUND: Distal anterior cerebral artery (dACA) aneurysms are rare. Ruptured dACA aneurysms typically present with subarachnoid hemorrhage in conjunction with intracerebral hematoma and cause neurological deterioration. This study aimed to determine their risk of rupture and examine associated factors.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed patients with dACA aneurysms to compare patient and aneurysm characteristics between ruptured and unruptured aneurysms. Clinical outcome was used the modified Rankin scale. Univariate analyses were performed to identify rupture risk factors.
RESULTS: One hundred three patients with dACA aneurysms were examined (51 ruptured and 52 unruptured). The median aspect ratio of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms was 1.69 and 1.22, respectively (P < 0.01). The median maximum diameter of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms was 5.2 and 3.1 mm, respectively (P < 0.01). The median size ratio of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms was 3.32 and 2.17, respectively (P < 0.01). Maximum diameter was <5 mm in 45.2% of ruptured dACA aneurysms. dACA aneurysm, showing size ratio >2.4 and aspect ratio >1.4, had ruptured in 71.4% and 78.6%, respectively. We suggested that these are the threshold of size ratio and aspect ratio for rupture of dACA aneurysms. A total percentatge of 78.1% of aneurysms with aspect ratio >1.4 and size ratio >2.4 had ruptured.
CONCLUSIONS: Distal anterior cerebral artery (dACA) aneurysms may rupture, even when small. We found a significant difference between ruptured and unruptured aneurysms with respect to maximum diameter, aspect ratio, and size ratio. Treatment for small aneurysms should be considered based on size ratio and aspect ratio, not just size.
A double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective cross-over study was made. All the patients were edentulous and were divided into two groups: A) with no peri-implant disease; B) with peri-implant mucositis affecting one or more implants. Patients with peri-implantitis were excluded. All patients in both groups initially received the oral probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri Prodentis, followed by placebo. Only the supervisor of the study knew this information; clinical examiner and patients were blind. Were studied: crevicular fluid volume, modified plaque index, probing depth, modified gingival index, and concentrations of interleukin 1β, interleukin 6 and interleukin 8, and Bacterial load.
BACKGROUND: Stratification to categorize patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) as low or high risk for metastatic infection may direct diagnostic evaluation and enable personalized management. We investigated the frequency of metastatic infections in low-risk SAB patients, their clinical relevance, and whether omission of routine imaging is associated with worse outcomes.
METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study at 7 Dutch hospitals among adult patients with low-risk SAB, defined as hospital-acquired infection without treatment delay, absence of prosthetic material, short duration of bacteremia, and rapid defervescence. Primary outcome was the proportion of patients whose treatment plan changed due to detected metastatic infections, as evaluated by both actual therapy administered and by linking a adjudicated diagnosis to guideline-recommended treatment. Secondary outcomes were 90-day relapse-free survival and factors associated with the performance of diagnostic imaging.
RESULTS: Of 377 patients included, 298 (79%) underwent diagnostic imaging. In 15 of these 298 patients (5.0%), imaging findings during patient admission had been interpreted as metastatic infections that should extend treatment. Using the final adjudicated diagnosis, 4 patients (1.3%) had clinically relevant metastatic infection. In a multilevel multivariable logistic regression analysis, 90-day relapse-free survival was similar between patients without imaging and those who underwent imaging (81.0% versus 83.6%; adjusted odds ratio, 0.749; 95% confidence interval, .373-1.504).
CONCLUSIONS: Our study advocates risk stratification for the management of SAB patients. Prerequisites are follow-up blood cultures, bedside infectious diseases consultation, and a critical review of disease evolution. Using this approach, routine imaging could be omitted in low-risk patients.
Low back pain (LBP) is defined as the pain that occurs in the area between the lower border of the scapula and the buttocks and sometimes radiates to the lower extremities. In the community, lower back pain is the second most common health problem after cold. 15% of LBP cases are chronic. Appropriate use of assessment questionnaires is one of the most important steps in the evaluation of the functional level of the patient and in deciding on an effective treatment protocol. The purpose of study is to determine the Turkish version, validity and reliability of Back Performance Scale. 180 patients with chronic low back pain were included in the study. Test-retest and internal consistency analysis were conducted to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. Test-retest results evaluated using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient method.
Breast cancer is the leading type of cancer in women worldwide. Although advances in treatment have led to an overall reduction in breast cancer mortality, survivors continue to have an ongoing risk of disease recurrence. For women who experience breast recurrence, mastectomy has historically been the only treatment approach offered. However, it has been associated with negative health outcomes, including reduced quality of life, depression and anxiety, and impaired sexual functioning. As a result, there is increasing interest to identify treatment options that include breast preservation. Breast-conserving surgery followed by re-irradiation with partial breast irradiation has recently been found to be a safe alternative to mastectomy for women who have undergone prior whole breast radiation.
ISOVUE (Iopamidol Injection) is a stable, aqueous, sterile, and nonpyrogenic solution for intravascular administration. Each bottle is to be used as an Imaging Bulk Package for dispensing multiple single doses of iopamidol injection for multiple patients, using an automated contrast injection system, contrast management system, or contrast media transfer set approved or cleared for use with this contrast agent in this Imaging Bulk Package.  
Each mL of ISOVUE-300 (Iopamidol Injection 61%) provides 612 mg iopamidol with 1 mg tromethamine and 0.39 mg edetate calcium disodium. The solution contains approximately 0.043 mg (0.002 mEq) sodium and 300 mg organically bound iodine per mL.  
Each mL of ISOVUE-370 (Iopamidol Injection 76%) provides 755 mg iopamidol with 1 mg tromethamine and 0.48 mg edetate calcium disodium. The solution contains approximately 0.053 mg (0.002 mEq) sodium and 370 mg organically bound iodine per mL.

The pH of ISOVUE contrast media has been adjusted to 6.5-7.5 with hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide. Pertinent physicochemical data are noted below. ISOVUE (Iopamidol Injection) is hypertonic as compared to plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (approximately 285 and 301 mOsm/kg water, respectively).

Iopamidol is designated chemically as (S)-N,N’-bis[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-ethyl]-2,4,6-triiodo-5-lactamidoisophthalamide. Structural formula:
The active, selected from heparins or heparin derivatives, modulates interaction between the Nogo receptor and its ligands AP-Nogo66. Blocking is effected using an IC50 value of 100 mu M. The active material induces a cell concentration with an IC50 value of about 100 mu M in an actin cytoskeletal conversion (ACR) test. The active modulates the growth of neurites with an IC50 value of at most about 1000 mu M, in neuronal cell culture. The molecular weight of the active is about 500 - 10000 Daltons. The active is Clivarin, Arixtra or Heparinoides, which includes di-, tetra- and hexa- saccharide fragments. The medicament contains one or more heparins or heparin derivatives, if appropriate in the form of physiologically-compatible salts or solvates, and if appropriate, one or more compatible carriers or excipients. The active exists in doseable form, i.e. for infusion or deposition. ACTIVITY : Neuroprotective; Neuroleptic; Anticonvulsant; Vulnerary; Cerebroprotective; Antiparkinsonian;Nootropic; Virucide; Antibacterial; Cytostatic. MECHANISM OF ACTION : Nogo modulator; Heparin agonist.
Patients aged 65 years and older account for an increasing proportion of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Older TBI patients experience increased morbidity and mortality compared to their younger counterparts. Our prior data demonstrated that by blocking α4 integrin, anti-CD49d antibody (aCD49d Ab) abrogates CD8+ T-cell infiltration into the injured brain, improves survival, and attenuates neurocognitive deficits. Here, we aimed to uncover how aCD49d Ab treatment alters local cellular responses in the aged mouse brain. Consequently, mice incur age-associated toxic cytokine and chemokine responses long-term post-TBI. aCD49d Ab attenuates this response along with a T helper (Th)1/Th17 immunological shift and remediation of overall CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity. Furthermore, aCD49d Ab reduces CD8+ T cells exhibiting higher effector status, leading to reduced clonal expansion in aged, but not young, mouse brains with chronic TBI. Together, aCD49d Ab is a promising therapeutic strategy for treating TBI in the older people.
Prepn. of crystalline sodium cephalothin by a freeze-drying process of 24h comprising (a) dissolving 20-40 wt.% of sodium cephalothin in water contg. 2-10% of a 1-3C alkanol or acetone (b) cooling the soln. to =-20 degrees C (c) heating the soln. to -3 to -10 degrees c, (d) maintaining the soln. at -3 to -10 degrees C for >=3 hr, (e) cooling the soln. to =-20 degrees C, (f) reducing the pressure in the vessel to =1mm Hg, (g) raising the temp. of the vessel to =50 degrees C, without melting the prepn. (h) subliming the solvent to give crystalline sodium cephalothin with a moisture content of =1% and an alkanol or acetone content of =1%. The products are suitable for reconstitution and use as parenteral injections. The rapid cooling to -20 degrees C forms crystals of sodium cephalothin before the solvent is frozen. When the solvent is sublimed the residue remains as crystals. When the initial soln. (a) is sterile, the product is a sterile crystal ready for prepn. of parenteral solns.
PURPOSE:To obtain a suppressant against multiplication of AIDS virus, strongly suppressing multiplication of AIDS virus, showing inhibitory effects on degeneration of infected cell, containing mannan sulfuric ester and an alkali addition salt thereof as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:An mannan sulfuric ester shown by the formula (w, x, y and z are number of M (mannopyranosyl), the average value thereof is 2.2 and n is about 20; m is number of sulfate group and is 0-2; sulfate content of sulfated mannan is 1-20%) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient is blended with a conventional excipient and pharmaceutically manufactured by a conventional procedure to give the aimed substance. The substance can be prepared into a dosage form such as powder, granule, sugar-coated tablet or capsule. A dose is 300mg per adult daily in the case of parenteral administration. The compound shown by the formula is well-known and is obtained by introducing sulfate group into mannan separated and purified from various kinds of yeast (e.g. beer yeast or baker's yeast).