anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Medically relevant pharmacotherapy combined with rehabilitation exercise therapy. Continued rehabilitation exercise therapy intervention 3 months after discharge.
The prevention of wasting should be a public health priority as the global burden of acute malnutrition is still high. Gaps still exist in our understanding of context-specific risk factors and interventions that can be implemented to prevent acute malnutrition. We used data from the four rounds of the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (2000-2016) to identify risk factors that have contributed to the change in weight-for-height z-score (WHZ) among children under 5 years of age. We performed a pooled linear regression analysis followed by a decomposition analysis to identify relevant risk factors and their relative contribution to the change in WHZ. Modest improvements in WHZ were seen between 2000 and 2016. The sharpest decrease in mean WHZ occurred from birth to 6 months of age. Perceived low weight at birth and recent diarrhoea predicted a decline in WHZ among children aged 0-5, 6-23 and 23-59 months. Less than 50% of the change in WHZ was accounted for by the change in risk factors included in our regression decomposition analysis. This finding highlights data gaps to identify context-specific wasting risk factors. The decline in the prevalence of recent diarrhoea (15% of the improvement), decline in low birth size (7%-9%), and an increase in wealth (15%-30%) were the main risk factors that accounted for the explained change in WHZ. Our findings emphasize the importance of interventions to reduce low birthweight, diarrhoea and interventions that address income inequities to prevent acute malnutrition.
Healthy male or female Japanese children, between and including 6 months to 9 years of age, who received two doses of GSK2340274A vaccine (formulation 1), administered intramuscularly into the deltoid region of the arm (intramuscularly into the anterolateral part of the thigh for subjects below 12 months of age at the entry of the study), according to 0, 21-day schedule. Within this group, enrolment of subjects was stratified by age into two subgroups, from 6 to 35 months and from 3 to 9 years.
The present invention relates to a cervical vertebra disease capsule and a manufacturing method thereof. The cervical vertebra disease capsule is formed by manufacturing kudzuvine root, clematis, spatholobus stem, salvia, notopterygium root, prepared rehmanniae, angelica, hemlock parsley, drynaria and antler glue. The kudzuvine root, the clematis, the spatholobus stem, the salvia, the notopterygium root, the prepared rehmanniae, the angelica, the hemlock parsley and the drynaria are respectively selected, completely washed, dried at 80 degrees, mixed by proportions by weight, pulverized into coarse powder, and uniformly mixed; after a little hot water is added for melting the proportioned antler glue by weight, the antler glue is mixed with the coarse powder, sufficiently and uniformly mixed, dried and pulverized into fine powder; after being sieves by 100 meshes, the fine powder is subpackaged in capsules for preparing 1000 capsules packed in a warehouse. The present invention has the advantages of reasonable prescription and scientific compatibility, and has the functions of dispelling rheumatism, dredging channels, nourishing blood and invigorating kidneys. The present invention is used for cervical vertebra diseases, cervical vertebra hyperosteogeny, cervical shoulder syndromes and various cervical vertebra diseases due to cervical vertebra degenerative disease change without adverse reactions of main organ systems of hearts, livers and the kidneys. The present invention has the advantages of safety, reliability and ideal effect by clinical application.
The prepn. of liq. plant phosphatides comprises liquifying crude lecithins by the addn. of 3-5% of a re-esterified plant oil. Lecithin is used as an additive for food stuffs, as an emulsifier, usually by a stirring or kneading process, as an additive in the paint and dyestuffs industry and as a wetting agent in the steel processing industry. In all these applications the high viscosity of commercially available crude lecithin is a disadvantage. This invention produces liq. lecithin of viscosity 8,000-12,000 cP (cf 20,000-25,000 cP for crude lecithin).
The present invention relates to new bifidobacterium bifidum MG731 strain and a composition for preventing or treating cancer including the same. The bifidobacterium bifidum MG731 strain of the present invention provides effects of cancer cell proliferation inhibition, cancer cell mobility reduction, neovessel generation inhibition, and anti-cancer immune response increase and at the same time, provides an effect of preventing or treating cancer or an inflammatory disease by reducing expression of an inflammatory factor. The bifidobacterium bifidum MG731 strain of the present invention provides an excellent anticancer effect when used with a chemical anticancer medicine or an immune anticancer medicine. The present invention relates to new lactococcus lactis GEN3033 strain and a composition for preventing or treating cancer including the same. The lactococcus lactis GEN3033 strain of the present invention can prevent or treat cancer by providing direct cancer cell proliferation inhibition and immune promotion. The strain includes an excellent anticancer effect by secreting metabolites having an anticancer effect in an intestine mounting step. The lactococcus lactis GEN3033 strain of the present invention can provide an excellent anticancer effect when used with the chemical anticancer medicine or the immune anticancer medicine.
This study focuses on the unique experiences of people of color (e.g., Asian American, Black/African American, Latinx, Native, Multiracial), ways they manage coping with race-related stress, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of a brief, one-hour intervention focused on coping with racism. First, the study will evaluate the acceptability and impact of a brief, single-session, 1-hour intervention aimed at addressing strategies for coping with racism compared to a waitlist-control condition. The intervention will integrate culturally-adapted approaches for enhancing compassionate awareness, emotional acceptance, valued actions, and coping flexibility (CAAVAF). The study will also evaluate whether the brief CAAVAF program will be associated with increased use of CAAVAF strategies (compassionate awareness, emotional acceptance, valued action, and coping flexibility) in response to racial discrimination over time and whether the brief CAAVAF program improves mental health outcomes at the two-week follow-up. Second, the study aims to evaluate the impact of CAAVAF strategies on mental health outcomes in response to momentary reports of coping with discrimination and from pre- to two-week follow-up.

All participants will be asked to complete an online screening questionnaire, which will include informed consent, demographic questionnaires, past experiences of discrimination, and trait measures of coping. Participants will be randomized into a.) a CAAVAF program, b.) a waitlist control condition with EMA, or c.) a control condition without the CAAVAF program or EMA. Participants in the CAAVAF condition will watch a scripted CAAVAF psychoeducation video during an initial laboratory session; in contrast, participants in the waitlist control condition will watch the video in a second session (after two weeks of ecological momentary assessment). Participants in both the CAAVAF program and waitlist control condition will be given instructions on using an EMA cellphone application during the initial session for repeated momentary assessments. Following this session, participants in the EMA conditions will monitor their experiences of discrimination over two weeks, and report their mood and strategies used. Participants will then return to the lab and complete a final battery of questionnaires and a qualitative exit-interview. Participants in the control condition will only complete pre questionnaires and questionnaires at a two-week follow-up.Study findings will contribute to the existing literature by evaluating whether CAAVAF strategies are effective buffers against racism-related mental health outcomes, and whether our CAAVAF and EMA program facilitates the use of these strategies.
This study will develop/adapt a culturally appropriate secondary prevention intervention for young HIV+ women through focus groups. Using three intervention sites, focus groups will guide the development of the intervention's framework and content areas. An initial list of content areas and potential activities for presentation to the focus groups will be developed by the protocol team by reviewing existing HIV prevention interventions that have been implemented with adolescents and young adults, as well as interventions that have targeted HIV+ populations.

Three focus groups will be convened (1 per selected ATN site) with young women living with HIV to solicit information on their intervention needs. All focus groups will be digitally recorded and transcribed. Executive summaries of the groups will focus on the major themes elicited by probes that explore the proposed content and structure of the interventions. The summaries will be generated by members of the Protocol Team and based on a review and integration of data from a) focus group flip charts; b) digitally recorded comments from participants; c) digitally recorded oral summaries by moderators offered during the focus groups; and d) thematic notes taken by the assistant moderator during the focus groups. Based on the outcome of the focus groups, intervention modules will be developed and modified in collaboration with the Youth Advisory Team.
BACKGROUND: The bone holes in the skull during surgical drainage were accurately located at the site of the MMA. The MMA was severed, and the hematoma was removed intraoperatively; furthermore, surgical drainage removed the pathogenic factors of CSDH. This study aimed to describe and compare the results of the new treatment with those of traditional surgical drainage, and to investigate the relevance of this approach.
METHODS: From December 2021 to June 2023, 72 patients were randomly assigned to the observation group and the control group. The control group was treated with traditional surgical drainage, while the observation group was treated with DSA imaging to accurately locate the bone holes drilled in the skull on the MMA trunk before traditional surgical drainage. The MMA trunk was severed during the surgical drainage of the hematoma. The recurrence rate, time of indwelling drainage tube, complications, mRS, and other indicators of the two groups were compared, and the changes of cytokine components and imaging characteristics of the patients were collected and analyzed.
RESULTS: Overall, 27 patients with 29-side hematoma in the observation group and 45 patients with 48-side hematoma in the control group were included in the study. The recurrence rate was 0/29 in the observation group and 4/48 in the control group, indicating that the recurrence rate in the observation group was lower than in the control group (P = .048). The mean indwelling time of the drainage tube in the observation group was 2.04 ± 0.61 days, and that in the control group was 2.48 ± 0.61 days. The indwelling time of the drainage tube in the observation group was shorter than in the control group (P = .003). No surgical complications were observed in the observation group or the control group. The differences in mRS scores before and after operation between the observation group and the control group were statistically significant (P < .001). The concentrations of cytokine IL6/IL8/IL10/VEGF in the hematoma fluid of the observation and control groups were significantly higher than those in venous blood (P < .001). After intraoperative irrigation and drainage, the concentrations of cytokines (IL6/IL8/IL10/VEGF) in the subdural hematoma fluid were significantly lower than they were preoperatively. In the observation group, the number of MMA on the hematoma side (11/29) before STA development was higher than that on the non-hematoma side (1/25), and the difference was statistically significant (P = .003).
CONCLUSION: In patients with CSDH, accurately locating the MMA during surgical trepanation and drainage, severing the MMA during drainage, and properly draining the hematoma, can reduce the recurrence rate and retention time of drainage tubes, thereby significantly improving the postoperative mRS Score without increasing surgical complications.
Coinfection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the hepatitis C virus (HCV) has risen dramatically since the explosion of the HIV pandemic twenty years ago, with one third of all HIV positive persons also infected with HCV. Numerous studies have suggested that HIV exacerbates several steps in the natural history of hepatitis C, and as survival among HIV-infected patients increases, hepatitis C-related morbidity and mortality is expected to follow a similar trend in coinfected patients. Some investigators advocate the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for this population prior to the initiation of HCV therapy. It is postulated that HAART will improve the host immune function by increasing the CD4+ cell count and decreasing HIV viral load, thought to be advantageous for patients starting HCV therapy. Despite its promising hypothesis, whether HAART ultimately leads to a reduction in HCV load in coinfected persons remains controversial. This is a non-blinded, randomized controlled trial to evaluate the impact of HAART on the immunologic, virologic, and clinical responses to HCV treatment with peginterferon and ribavirin in coinfected individuals with CD4 greater than or equal to 500 cells/mm (3) or greater than or equal to 350 cells/mm(3) and a viral load less than or equal to 40,000 copies/mL. The study will also address the safety and efficacy of administering a combination of HAART along with peginterferon alpha-2b and ribavirin to HIV-infected individuals. 128 patients who are coinfected with HIV and HCV will be recruited for the study and randomized to receive one of two treatment regimens: 1) control group: will be treated with peginterferon alpha-2b and ribavirin for 48 weeks, or 2) experimental group: will be treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy for six months. At that point, they will begin receiving peginterferon alpha-2b and ribavirin at the same doses as the control group for 48 weeks. During the 72-week follow up period, these patients will be monitored for both HCV and HIV viral loads and CD4+ lymphocyte counts. The results of the study will enable us to better delineate the relationship between the immune reconstitution effects induced by HAART and the clinical, immunologic, and virologic responses of coinfected persons treated with peginterferon and ribavirin. In addition, evaluating the safety of coadministering peginterferon, ribavirin, and HAART will further refine the best therapeutic regimen for this patient population.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new method for producing a sulfoxide compound useful as a medicine or the like by oxidizing a thioether compound in the mixture solvent of a non-polar solvent with a lower alcohol, allowing to obtain the sulfoxide compound in a high yield without using a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent. SOLUTION: A thioether compound of formula II (R<1> is H, methoxy or the like; R<2> is methyl, methoxy; R<3> is 3-methoxypropoxy, methoxy or the like; R<4> is H, methyl) is oxidized in the mixture solvent of a non-polar solvent with a lower alcohol (preferably a toluene/ethanol mixture solvent) to produce the objective compound of formula II. m-Chloroperbenzoic acid is preferably used as an oxidizing agent. The non-polar solvent and the lower alcohol are preferably used in a ratio of 10:1 to 8:1. The compound of formula I is preferably e.g. 2- [4-(2-methoxypropoxy)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl]methylthio}-1H-benzimidazole. The reaction is carried out preferably at -30 deg.C to 0 deg.C usually for 1-6 hr.
The present invention relates to a protective agent suitable to protect the human skin against toxic materials, particularly against chemicals with nucleophilic sites. The active moiety is a polyanhydride derivative. The active transdermal retardant offers a barrier property and chemically and/or physically reacts with harmful chemicals to decrease percutaneous absorption. In the preferred embodiments, polyanhydride in its low molecular weight form reduced flux of nicotine and nitrofurazone significantly. Additionally, polyanhydride in its high molecular weight form prevented nicotine absorption and decreased nitrofurazone permeation dramatically. Moreover, the polyanhydride in its high molecular weight form reduced nitroglycerin flux to a lesser extent.
Gray matter (GM) atrophy and white matter (WM) lesions may contribute to cognitive decline in patients with delayed neurological sequelae (DNS) after carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. However, there is currently a lack of evidence supporting this relationship. This study aimed to investigate the volume of GM, cortical thickness, and burden of WM lesions in 33 DNS patients with dementia, 24 DNS patients with mild cognitive impairment, and 51 healthy controls. Various methods, including voxel-based, deformation-based, surface-based, and atlas-based analyses, were used to examine GM structures. Furthermore, we explored the connection between GM volume changes, WM lesions burden, and cognitive decline. Compared to the healthy controls, both patient groups exhibited widespread GM atrophy in the cerebral cortices (for volume and cortical thickness), subcortical nuclei (for volume), and cerebellum (for volume) (p < .05 corrected for false discovery rate [FDR]). The total volume of GM atrophy in 31 subregions, which included the default mode network (DMN), visual network (VN), and cerebellar network (CN) (p < .05, FDR-corrected), independently contributed to the severity of cognitive impairment (p < .05). Additionally, WM lesions impacted cognitive decline through both direct and indirect effects, with the latter mediated by volume reduction in 16 subregions of cognitive networks (p < .05). These preliminary findings suggested that both GM atrophy and WM lesions were involved in cognitive decline in DNS patients following CO poisoning. Moreover, the reduction in the volume of DMN, VN, and posterior CN nodes mediated the WM lesions-induced cognitive decline.
BACKGROUND: Speech comprehension impairment in post-stroke aphasia is influenced by speech acoustics. This study investigated the impact of speech rhythm (syllabic isochrony) and rate on comprehension in people with aphasia (PWA). Rhythmical speech was hypothesised to support comprehension in PWA by reducing temporal variation, leading to enhanced speech tracking and more appropriate sampling of the speech stream. Speech rate was hypothesised to influence comprehension through auditory and linguistic processing time.
METHODS: One group of PWA (n = 19) and two groups of control participants (n = 10 and n = 18) performed a sentence-verification. Sentences were presented in two rhythm conditions (natural vs isochronous) and two rate conditions (typical, 3.6 Hz vs slow, 2.6 Hz) in a 2 × 2 factorial design. PWA and one group of controls performed the experiment with clear speech. The second group of controls performed the experiment with perceptually degraded speech.
RESULTS: D-prime analyses measured capacity to detect incongruent endings. Linear mixed effects models investigated the impact of group, rhythm, rate and clarity on d-prime scores. Control participants were negatively affected by isochronous rhythm in comparison to natural rhythm, likely due to alteration in linguistic cues. This negative impact remained or was exacerbated in control participants presented with degraded speech. In comparison, PWA were less affected by isochronous rhythm, despite producing d-prime scores matched to the degraded speech control group. Speech rate affected all groups, but only in interactions with rhythm, indicating that slow-rate isochronous speech was more comprehendible than typical-rate isochronous speech.
CONCLUSIONS: The comprehension network in PWA interacts differently with speech rhythm. Rhythmical speech may support acoustic speech tracking by enhancing predictability and ameliorate the detrimental impact of atypical rhythm on linguistic cues. Alternatively, reduced temporal prediction in aphasia may limit the impact of deviation from natural temporal structure. Reduction of speech rate below the typical range may not benefit comprehension in PWA.
Participants will receive abiraterone acetate 1000 milligram (mg) (four 250 mg tablets) orally once daily, concomitantly with oral prednisolone 10 mg per day. No food should be consumed for at least 2 hours before the dose of abiraterone acetate is taken and for at least one hour after the dose of abiraterone acetate is taken. A 28-daily dosing cycle will continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity is observed up to 2 years.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection poses a significant health risk, particularly for high-risk groups such as men who have sex with men (MSM), people living with HIV (PLHIV), and transgender individuals. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, uptake among these groups remains suboptimal due to various social and behavioral barriers (BeSD). A cross-sectional survey was conducted at the Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) clinic in Bologna, Italy, from 8 April to 12 April 2024 using a paper questionnaire, investigating HPV vaccine uptake and BeSD factors influencing vaccination decisions. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression. Among the 236 respondents, PLHIV and transgender individuals demonstrated lower uptake rates (60.0% and 15.6%) if compared to women under 30 years old (72.7%). Concern about HPV infection varied significantly across groups, with MSM showing the highest worry (48.7%). Perceptions of vaccine safety and access were mixed, influencing vaccination decisions. Multivariate analysis indicated that age inversely correlated with infection worry (OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.91-0.98), while being a woman under 30 (OR: 164.0, 95% CI: 17.2-1560.18) or MSM (OR: 3.53, 95% CI: 1.37-9.11) was positively associated with vaccine uptake. The study identifies disparities in HPV vaccine uptake among STI clinic users in Bologna, Italy, emphasizing the need for targeted public health campaigns. These campaigns could engage STI clinics and address awareness, safety perceptions, and access barriers to enhance vaccination coverage among sexual and gender minorities.
The gene which encodes Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (P. falciparum LDH) has been sequenced and the amino acid sequence of the enzyme has been deduced. This invention provides isolated P. falciparum LDH protein, and polypeptides thereof, produced in a host cell transformed with a nucleic acid vector directing the expression of a nucleotide sequence coding for P. falciparum LDH, and P. falciparum LDH prepared by chemical synthesis. This invention also provides monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies which are specifically reactive with P. falciparum LDH or a polypeptide thereof. In addition, this invention provides a method of screening for agents that inhibit the activity of P. falciparum LDH as well as methods of diagnosing malaria in an individual and of immunizing an individual against infection by P. falciparum. Further, catalytically-active proteins that include the fusion product of P. falciparum LDH and a polypeptide that is not P. falciparum LDH are provided. An assay for detecting molecules that regulate the catalytic activity of P. falciparum LDH is also provided.