anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A medical transaction system is disclosed which is capable of permitting a plurality of healthcare providers to communicate with a plurality of payors and financial institutions. The healthcare providers, payors, and financial institutions do not have to communicate in the same data message formats nor in the same communication protocols. Such a system facilitates not only the processing of medical claims submitted by the healthcare providers to the payors, but also permits the transfer of medical data records between healthcare providers. The system supports the processing of medical claims without requiring a centralized database or imposing a uniform claim format on the healthcare providers and payors. The preferred embodiment of the invention further includes a financial transactor that uses remittance information from the payors to generate the electronics funds transfer messages to credit and debit accounts. Additionally, the system supports a medical line of credit at financial institutions that may be used to pay portions of medical claims not covered by payors.
BACKGROUND: Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) are the primary therapeutic mode to control seizures in patients with epilepsy. Adherence to the medications is critical to achieving the goals of epilepsy therapy. However, the cost of the medications and the interrupted availability of ASMs contribute to non-adherence to epilepsy treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to assess ASM adherence and its association with self-reported medication availability and affordability.
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether self-reported availability and affordability of Anti-seizure medications affect medication adherence among Epileptic Patients at Eka Kotebe General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from January 13, 2023 to March 23, 2023.
METHODS: A hospital-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 357 epileptic patients using the Consecutive sampling method in Eka Kotebe General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. ASM adherence was measured using a self-report 3items questionnaire focusing on medication use patterns of patients from their last visit to the current visit. Statistical packages for Social Sciences 26.0 version statistical software cleaned, coded and analyzed the collected data. Binary logistic regression was fitted, and P-values less than 0.05 were considered to have statistical significance.
RESULT: The prevalence of ASM adherence was 55.2% with 95% CI (50.1%; 60.2%). About two-thirds (61.3%) of patients in this study had limited access to the ASMs or could not afford the medications. Self-reported availability of ASMs (AOR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.01, 3.98) was significantly associated with ASM adherence. Self-reported affordability of ASMs was associated with ASM adherence in the Bivariate logistic regression analysis; however, when adjusted for other covariates in the multivariable logistic regression, no significant association was observed (p = 0.674).
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: Only about half of the epileptic patients adhered to ASMs at Eka Kotebe General Hospital. Self-reported availability of ASMs was an essential factor. Improving access to ASMs is critical to improving adherence and management of epilepsy.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently and safely obtain the subject ester useful as an intermediate for synthesizing e.g. diltiazem by reaction of a specific compound with an aldol condensation reagent and a specific compound followed by epoxidation. SOLUTION: (A) A compound of formula I (R1 is H, an alkyl, alkoxy or halogen; R2 is an alkyl or alkoxy; X is a halogen) is reacted with an aldol condensation reagent and (B) a compound of formula II (R3 is H, an alkyl, alkoxy or halogen) in a hydrocarbon-based solvent (e.g. dichloromethane) to form a compound of formula III, which, in turn, is epoxidized to obtain the objective glycidic ester of formula IV (R4 is an alkyl). By this method, the objective compound with desired optical activity can be obtained. Using the objective compound, a (+)-cis type 1,5-benzothiazepine derivative having vasodilative activity can be obtained.
The effectiveness of ropinirole was initially established with the immediate-release formulation (ropinirole tablets) for the treatment of early and advanced Parkinson’s disease in 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. 

The effectiveness of ropinirole extended-release tablets in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease was supported by 2 randomized, double-blind, multicenter, flexible-dose clinical trials and clinical pharmacokinetic considerations. One trial conducted in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease compared ropinirole extended-release tablets with placebo as adjunctive therapy to L-dopa (Study 1). A second trial compared ropinirole extended-release tablets with ropinirole tablets in patients with early Parkinson’s disease not receiving L-dopa (Study 3). Ropinirole extended-release tablets have also been evaluated in 2 postmarketing, randomized, double-blind, multicenter, fixed-dose, dose-response clinical trials conducted in advanced and early Parkinson’s disease patients (Study 2 and Study 4, respectively). 

In these trials a variety of measures were used to assess the effects of treatment (e.g., Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale [UPDRS] scores, patient diaries recording time “on” and “off,” tolerability of L-dopa dose reductions). The UPDRS is a multi-item rating scale intended to evaluate mentation (Part I), activities of daily living (Part II), motor performance (Part III), and complications of therapy (Part IV). Part III of the UPDRS contains 14 items designed to assess the severity of the cardinal motor findings in patients with Parkinson’s disease (e.g., tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instability) scored for different body regions and has a maximum (worst) score of 108.
Patients will receive radiotherapy with prescribed dose of 54 Gy in 27 fractions, concurrently with S-1 chemotherapy. Then patients in the study group will receive toripalimab as consolidation therapy for up to 12 months (16 cycles) after the completion of chemoradiotherapy.
Patients undergo WBRT or SRS as in Arm A. Patients also receive lapatinib ditosylate PO QD for 6 weeks.
A tumorous patient is injected with a compound including an element that accumulates in tumors and that has an isotope which emits an alpha particle in a neutron capture reaction. The patient is positioned in front of a radiation beam that has been filtered to remove most neutrons having energies above 30 KeV and most thermal neutrons, leaving predominantly epithermal neutrons which are moderated to a thermal level by outer layers of tissue and are captured by the incorporated isotope. 
     A radiation beam having neutrons with a wide distribution of energies is filtered with aluminum and sulfur filters, whose cross sections complement each other in providing a beam with energies predominantly in the epithermal range. The filter mass attenuates the gamma radiation. Beams with lower ratios of undesirable gamma radiation to epithermal beam intensity can be attained with filter combinations which include liquid argon. A poor geometry filter of bismuth or lead can also improve the gamma to neutron ratio. Preferably the beam is filtered through a thermal neutron filter as well.
BACKGROUND: The majority of Plasmodium spp infections in endemic countries are asymptomatic and a source of onward transmission to mosquitoes. We aimed to examine whether Plasmodium falciparum transmission and malaria burden could be reduced by improving early detection and treatment of infections with active screening approaches.
METHODS: In this 18-month cluster randomised study in Sapone, Burkina Faso, households were enrolled and randomly assigned (1:1:1) to one of three groups: group 1 (control) received standard of care only, group 2 received active weekly, at home, fever screening by a community health worker regardless of symptoms, participants with a fever received a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and treatment if RDT positive, and group 3 received active weekly fever screening (as in group 2) plus a monthly RDT regardless of symptoms, and treatment if RDT positive. Eligible households had a minimum of three eligible residents, one in each age group (<5 years, 5-15 years, and >15 years). The primary outcome was parasite prevalence by quantitative PCR (qPCR) in the end-of-study cross-sectional survey. Secondary outcomes included parasite and gametocyte prevalence and density in all three end-of-season cross-sectional surveys, incidence of infection, and the transmissibility of infections to mosquitoes. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03705624) and is completed.
FINDINGS: A total of 906 individuals from 181 households were enrolled during two phases, and participated in the study. 412 individuals were enrolled between Aug 9 and 17, 2018, and participated in phase 1 and 494 individuals were enrolled between Jan 10 and 31, 2019, in phase 2. In the end-of-study cross-sectional survey (conducted between Jan 13 and 21, 2020), Pfalciparum prevalence by qPCR was significantly lower in group 3 (29·26%; 79 of 270), but not in group 2 (45·66%; 121 of 265), when compared with group 1 (48·72%; 133 of 273; risk ratio 0·65 [95% CI 0·52-0·81]; p=0·0001). Total parasite and gametocyte prevalence and density were also significantly lower in group 3 in all surveys. The largest differences were seen at the end of the dry season, with gametocyte prevalence 78·4% and predicted transmission potential 98·2% lower in group 3 than in group 1.
INTERPRETATION: Active monthly RDT testing and treatment can reduce parasite carriage and the infectious reservoir of P falciparum to less than 2% when used during the dry season. This insight might inform approaches for malaria control and elimination.
FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, European Research Council, and The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research.
BACKGROUND: Smartphone use has grown in providing healthcare for patients with low back pain (LBP), but the literature lacks an analysis of the use of smartphone apps. This scoping review aimed to identify current areas of smartphone apps use for managing LBP. We also aimed to evaluate the current status of the effectiveness or scientific validity of such use and determine perspectives for their potential development.
METHODS: We searched PubMed, PEDro and Embase for articles published in English up to May 3 rd, 2021 that investigated smartphone use for LBP healthcare and their purpose. All types of study design were accepted. Studies concerning telemedicine or telerehabilitation but without use of a smartphone were not included. The same search strategy was performed by two researchers independently and a third researcher validated the synthesis of the included studies.
RESULTS: We included 43 articles: randomised controlled trials (RCTs) (n=12), study protocols (n=6), reliability/validity studies (n=6), systematic reviews (n=7), cohort studies (n=4), qualitative studies (n=6), and case series (n=1). The purposes of the smartphone app were for 1) evaluation, 2) telerehabilitation, 3) self-management, and 4) data collection. Self-management was the most-studied use, showing promising results derived from moderate- to good-quality RCTs for patients with chronic LBP and patients after spinal surgery. Promising results exist regarding evaluation and data collection use and contradictory results regarding measurement use.
CONCLUSIONS: This scoping review revealed a notable interest in the scientific literatures regarding the use of smartphone apps for LBP patients. The identified purposes point to current scientific status and perspectives for further studies including RCTs and systematic reviews targeting specific usage.
BACKGROUND: Approximately 10-15% of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with overlapping features of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are termed as inflammatory bowel disease unclassified (IBDU). This study aimed to describe the clinical features of IBDU and evaluate the potential associated factors of reclassification.
METHODS: The clinical data of 37 IBDU patients were retrospectively analyzed from November 2012 to November 2020. 74 UC and 74 CD patients were randomly selected and age- and sex-matched with the 37 IBDU patients. Clinical characteristics were compared between the three patient groups. Potential factors associated with the IBDU reclassification were evaluated.
RESULTS: 60% of IBDU patients displayed rectal-sparing disease, and 70% of them displayed segmental disease. In comparison to UC and CD, the IBDU group demonstrated higher rates of gastrointestinal bleeding (32.4%), intestinal perforation (13.5%), spontaneous blood on endoscopy (51.4%), and progression (56.8%). The inflammation proceeded relatively slowly, manifesting as chronic alterations like pseudopolyps (78.4%) and haustra blunt or disappearance (56.8%). 60% of IBDU patients exhibited crypt abscess, and 16.7% of them exhibited fissuring ulcers or transmural lymphoid inflammation. The proportions of IBDU patients receiving immunosuppressants, surgery, and infliximab were basically the same as those of CD patients. During the 79 (66, 91) months of follow-up, 24.3% of IBDU patients were reclassified as UC, while 21.6% were reclassified as CD. The presence of intestinal hemorrhaging was associated with CD reclassification, while hypoalbuminemia was associated with UC reclassification.
CONCLUSIONS: IBDU may evolve into UC or CD during follow-up, and hemorrhage was associated with CD reclassification. Different from the other two groups, IBDU exhibited a more acute onset and a gradual progression. When an IBD patient presents with transmural inflammation or crypt abscess but lacks transmural lymphoid aggregates or fissuring ulcers, the diagnosis of IBDU should be considered.
OBJECTIVES: I. Determine toxic effects of repeated courses of altretamine plus etoposide at the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). II. Assess the response duration and time to progression at the MTD in the treatment of HIV malignancies. III. Assess the efficacy of the combination on the immune systems of these individuals. IV. Assess the effect of the combination on the quality of life in these individuals.

OUTLINE: Patients are treated with altretamine (HMM) and etoposide for 2 weeks followed by 2 weeks of rest. This cycle is repeated for a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 6 cycles if there is no progression of disease. Patients who are in complete remission receive an additional 2 cycles (total of 8 cycles). There are different cohorts consisting of 4 patients each in which toxic effects will be evaluated with escalating doses of this combination. The MTD is defined as the dose level immediately below that at which half of the patients experience dose-limiting toxicity. Patients are followed for relapse and survival.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: 20 patients will be accrued in 2 years.
BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a crucial role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and its complications. However, the genetic pathophysiology remains under investigation. Through multi-omics Mendelian Randomization (MR) and colocalization analyses, we identified mitochondrial-related genes causally linked with T2DM and its complications.
METHODS: Summary-level quantitative trait loci data at methylation, RNA, and protein levels were retrieved from European cohort studies. GWAS summary statistics for T2DM and its complications were collected from the DIAGRAM and FinnGen consortiums, respectively. Summary-data-based MR was utilized to estimate the causal effects. The heterogeneity in dependent instrument test assessed horizontal pleiotropy, while colocalization analysis determined whether genes and diseases share the same causal variant. Enrichment analysis, drug target analysis, and phenome-wide MR were conducted to further explore the biological functions, potential drugs, and causal associations with other diseases.
RESULTS: Integrating evidence from multi-omics, we identified 18 causal mitochondrial-related genes. Enrichment analysis revealed they were not only related to nutrient metabolisms but also to the processes like mitophagy, autophagy, and apoptosis. Among these genes, Tu translation elongation factor mitochondrial (TUFM), 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase (HIBCH), and iron-sulfur cluster assembly 2 (ISCA2) were identified as Tier 1 genes, showing causal links with T2DM and strong colocalization evidence. TUFM and ISCA2 were causally associated with an increased risk of T2DM, while HIBCH showed an inverse causal relationship. The causal associations and colocalization effects for TUFM and HIBCH were validated in specific tissues. TUFM was also found to be a risk factor for microvascular complications in T2DM patients including retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Furthermore, drug target analysis and phenome-wide MR underscored their significance as potential therapeutic targets.
CONCLUSIONS: This study identified 18 mitochondrial-related genes causally associated with T2DM at multi-omics levels, enhancing the understanding of mitochondrial dysfunction in T2DM and its complications. TUFM, HIBCH, and ISCA2 emerge as potential therapeutic targets for T2DM and its complications.
Participants will be screened for breast cancer according to current national/regional guidelines and procedures: with a mammogram and/or tomosynthesis (TS) every 1-3 years starting at age 40-50 years, up to age 69-74 years, with or without ultrasound and MRI depending on breast mammographic density and current recommendations. The national/regional guidelines in use in the including center may be subjected to changes during the study. Guidelines and procedures in the standard arm will be updated accordingly.
Panagen 5 mg tablet by mouth every 2-3 h (six times a day) for 18 days. Patients start to receive the preparation immediately after the chemotherapy and take three tablets during 6 h, that is one tablet every 2 h. Then the patients stop taking the preparation and resume its administration after 42 h, that is, 48 h after the chemotherapy (Day 3) and continue its administration for 17 days (to Day 20 after the chemotherapy).
PURPOSE:To produce the titled remedy, by extracting the components of the leaf, stalk, root and rosin of pine tree in an oil or fat, and if necessary, adding a disinfectant to the extract. CONSTITUTION:10g of the dried green leaf of pine, 2g of finely cut pine twig, 2.5g of finely cut and dried pine root, and 3g of dried pine rosin are thrown into 40g of molten hot vaseline, and are heated, extracted and filtered. Separately, 3g of finely divided dry garlic and a small amount of ethanol are added to 10g of olive oil, and the obtained extract is filtered and added to the above pine extract to obtain the ointment for the remedy of parasitic dermatitis (e.g. dermatophytosis) and nonparasitic dermatitis. A synergistic effect can be attained by the combined use of the pine component and the small amount of the disinfecting substance of garlic, to effect the rapid cure without pain. However, it is necessary to continue the application of the ointment twice a day (in the morning and evening) for about 15-20 days to exterminate the persistent trychophyton.
The present invention discloses Arf6 activation protein, an encoding gene thereof and application. The present invention has the purpose to provide Arf6 activation protein, an encoding gene thereof, and application for inhibiting Arf6 activity; the protein is one of the following amino acid residue sequences of SEQ ID No. 1 in a sequence table, and protein which is formed by that an amino acid residue sequence of the SEQ ID No. 1 in the sequence table is replaced, is deleted or added by one to ten kinds of amino acid residue, and has the activation to the Arf6. A method for inhibiting the Arf6 activity comprises the following steps that a Arf6 activation protein gene of which the generation point of a GAP domain is mutated or is mutated with deletion, or an encoding gene of little interference RNA of the Arf6 activation protein gene is led into a parasitifer, and the Arf6 activity is inhibited. The ARFGAP-6 and the encoding gene of the present invention have the important function in the field of medicine and medical preparation, and has a wide application prospect.
Dolodoc is a mobile application aimed at improving autonomy and quality of life for individuals living with chronic pain. Designed as a virtual coach, it offers counseling according to 7 important dimensions of quality of life. Activities, pain and fulfillment of the 7 dimensions of quality of life can be recorded in the application. Moreover, a report can be exported to enhance patient monitoring during clinical interactions. Dolodoc was developed with a user-centered approach and is based on scientific evidence related to the self-management of chronic pain. Indeed, counseling by the coach is based on a multimodal strategy, incorporating elements of physical activity, pacing, positive psychology, and relaxation, among others. Overall, Dolodoc is an innovation that can be used in various clinical settings with an individualized approach.
To assess whether excessive body weight or obesity predisposes adolescents to tibial tubercle fractures from less energetic traumas, prolongs the period of rehabilitation from these injuries or leads to worse outcomes. A retrospective study of patients who underwent surgical treatment for fracture of the tibial tubercle in the period from March 2013 to March 2022. Patients were classified according to age, gender, fracture type, BMI, mechanism and energy levels of injury, time to complete painless range of motion was achieved and rate of complications. We have surgically treated 33 patients who have sustained 34 tibial tubercle fractures. Twenty of our patients had a BMI in the 'healthy weight' range while 13 were either overweight or obese. A significant difference in the distribution of injury types between the two groups has been statistically confirmed, whereby more severe injuries were recorded in the 'healthy weight' group of patients. A statistically significant higher proportion of patients who sustained a fracture after a blow to the knee or during light activity could have been confirmed in the 'overweight/obese' group while patients in the 'healthy weight' group more often sustained fractures after a powerful concentric or eccentric contraction of the quadriceps muscle. All of the patients achieved full painless range of motion and a radiologically confirmed osseous union. The healthy weight group had a significantly shorter period of rehabilitation. Two minor complications have been recorded. A higher BMI may lead to tibial tubercle fractures caused by less energetic injuries in adolescent patients. We may also conclude that blows to the knee or injuries sustained while running most often do not cause the most severe type of fractures. However, operative treatment provides a good outcome regardless of the type of injury or BMI.