anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
NEW MATERIAL:A substance of formula I (X-NH is residue of physiologically active substance bonding through its amino or imino group; NH-M is residue of insoluble polymer bonding through amino or imino group, aminated residue of insoluble polymer activated with epoxides; n is 2-10). EXAMPLE:Immobilized ConA. USE:Immobilized physiologically active substance. PREPARATION:After an insoluble polymer having amino and/or imino groups or having hydroxyls is activated with epihalohydrin or a bisoxirane compound, the product is treated with ammonia. The resultant aminated insoluble polymer is made to react with a compound of formula II in the presence of sodium borohydride to prepare a polymer of formula III (NH-M is residue of insoluble polymer through amino or imino groups). Then, the polymer is made to react with a physiologically active substance bearing amino and/or imino groups in the presence of sodium borocyanohydride to give the compound of formula I .
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There are few studies that have used inspiratory muscle training (IMT) as an intervention for patients with isolated idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This study aimed to investigate and interpret the effects of home-based telerehabilitation-assisted IMT in patients with IPF.
METHODS: Twenty-eight participants with IPF took part in the study. Lung function tests, functional exercise capacity by 6-min walk distance (6MWD), dyspnoea perception by modified medical research council dyspnoea scale (mMRC), and inspiratory muscle strength by maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) were assessed. IMT was performed twice a day, 7 days/week, for 8 weeks. The intervention group (n = 14) performed IMT at 50% of their baseline MIP while the control group (n = 14) performed IMT without applied resistance. Loading intensity was progressed by keeping the load at 4-6 on a modified Borg scale for the highest tolerable perceived respiratory effort for each patient.
RESULTS: Dyspnoea based on mMRC score (p < 0.001, η2 effect size = 0.48) significantly decreased within the intervention group compared with the control group. There were significant increases in the intervention group compared to the control group based on 6MWD (p < 0.001, η2 effect size = 0.43), MIP (p = 0.006, η2 effect size = 0.25) and MIP % predicted (p = 0.008, η2 effect size = 0.25).
CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest that an 8-week home-based telerehabilitation-assisted IMT intervention produced improvements in inspiratory muscle strength, leading to improvements in functional exercise capacity and dyspnoea.
Care should be exercised in handling of THALOMID. THALOMID capsules should not be opened or crushed. If powder from THALOMID contacts the skin, wash the skin immediately and thoroughly with soap and water. If THALOMID contacts the mucous membranes, flush thoroughly with water.

Procedures for proper handling and disposal of anticancer drugs should be considered. Several guidelines on the subject have been published1.

Rx only and only able to be prescribed and dispensed under the terms of the THALOMID REMS Restricted Distribution Program.
Participants will receive placebo supplementation (Maltodextrin) for a period of 8 weeks. Thrice daily, they will take the fiber powder during their meals. The amount of maltodextrin taken will be isocaloric with the amount of indigestible fiber.
The invention comprises cryptoaescin, a water-soluble saponin derivable from extracts of horse-chestnut, having an empirical formula C59H94 O27.H2O, a molecular weight of 1253, and containing besides one mole of cryptoaescigenin, one mole each of a -methyl-b -hydroxy-butyric acid, acetic acid, glucuronic acid, glucose and xylose as well as arabinose, said cryptoaescin being convertible by isomerisation from one form, viz. cryptoaescin A, m.pt 218-20 DEG C., into another, viz cryptoaescin B, m.pt 220-1 DEG C., and a process for the isolation of the saponin from an aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic extract of horse-chestnut from which cholesterol-precipitable saponins have been removed, by acidification, preferably to a pH<2, and recovery of cryptoaescin from the resulting precipitate and/or from the solution freed from the precipitate. The recovery step is preferably effected by extraction with an organic solvent, evaporation of the purified extract, extraction of the residue with water, treatment of the solution with a cation exchanger (if the organic extract was purified with alumina), extraction with butanol, evaporation of the butanol extract, treatment of the residue with methanol, treatment of the extract with charcoal and finally evaporation of the solvent to yield cryptoaescin A. The isomerisation of cryptoaescin A to cryptoaescin B is carried out by boiling in aqueous solution.ALSO:Cryptoaescin, a homogeneous water-soluble saponin isolated from horse chestnut extracts and exhibiting a strong action on the blood vascular system and diuretic and anti-histaminic properties, may be formulated with a non-toxic carrier for administration by injection.  Cryptoaescin exists in two isomeric forms, cryptoaescin A, which is non-haemolytic, and cryptoaescin B, which causes a harmless degree of haemolysis, and may be used to enrich an aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic horse chestnut extract from which the cholesterol-precipitatable saponins have been removed by treatment with cholesterol.  The horse chestnut extract freed from all saponin components, including cryptoaescin, is also useful therapeutically owing to the presence of other active constituents, notably flavorized compounds, e.g. flavonol glycosides.
Hair is permanently deformed by first applying a reducing compsn. to reduce the disulphide bonds of the kerotin, followed by applying an oxidising compsn. to reform the bonds. According to the mould feature, the process is effected in presence of a polymer having quaterised N atoms conveying two side substits. and two conductive quaternised N atoms, being linked by a divalent gp. forming the macrochain with the quaternised N atoms, and the macrochain comprising gps. of formula: -(CH2)m-NH-CO-NH-(CH2)m- where m is 2 or 23. The polymer facilitates combing of wet and dry hair. It also imparts, gloss and a soft touch to the hair.
Background: Sepsis is the leading cause of mortality in critically ill patients. Procalcitonin (PCT) is a promising marker for identification of bacterial sepsis. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of serum PCT concentration in patients with suspected sepsis admitted to mixed medical-surgical Intensive care unit (ICU).

Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at section of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and ICU. Patients with suspected sepsis were included, serum PCT cut off ≥0.5 ng /ml was taken for diagnosing sepsis. Diagnostic accuracy was measured in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) taking blood culture as gold standard. Furthermore, different cut offs were compared by using receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC). Data analysis was done on SPSS version.
PURPOSE:The titled composition containing a pharmaceutical selected from a quinoxaline-di-N-oxide based compound and a tetracycline based antibiotic substance and a mycinamicin based antibiotic substance together, and having synergistically enhanced antimicrobial activity and growth promoting effect. CONSTITUTION:A composition for animals containing one or two or more selected from the group consisting of a quinoxaline-di-N-oxide based compound (hereinafter abbreviated to QNO), e.g. olaquindox, and a tetracycline based antibiotic substance (hereinafter abbreviated to TC), e.g. chlorotetracycline, and a mycinamicin based antibiotic substance, e.g. mycinamicin I, as active constituents. The QNO compound and TC antibiotic substance have been utilized for treatment, prevention and feed additives for animals, but the use of the mycinamicin based antibiotic substance produces improved synergistic effect with improved antimicrobial activity and at the same time, further growth promoting effect by addition to a feed.
The present invention discloses one kind of human cytokine for promoting hematopoietic cell proliferation and its preparation process and use. The cytokine consists of protein with amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 2, codes cDNA molecule of p NH, and has all or segment of nucleotides in SEQ ID No. 1. It is PCR amplified with pf u DNA polyase, and pNH segment amplifying upstream primer is 5' -GCCATG GATGCCACCTGCAACTGTGAT-3' and the downstream primer is 5' -gCCTCgAgAGTTGTG ACCTTGAAGTCACCAT-3' . It is cloned through two cleavage sites, Nco I and Xho I, to protonucleus expression vector, and expressed efficiently in engineering bacterium, and the expressed and purified target protein provides technological support for researching SMB structure domain. The cytokine as experiment reagent may be prepared in large scale for clinical application in treating hematopoietic disorder diseases, and has the advantages of small molecular weight and weak immunogenicity.
Participants in this arm will receive a MERV 13 filter for their box fans. MERV 13 filters trap the majority of small particles, as small as 1 micron. It also traps up to 75% of particles that are as small as 0.3 microns.
Nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, and mucositis were reported by 52%, 38%, and 31% of all patients, respectively. These manifestations were usually mild to moderate. Mucositis was schedule dependent and occurred more frequently with the 24-hour than with the 3-hour infusion.

In patients with poor-risk AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, and mucositis were reported by 69%, 79%, and 28% of patients, respectively. One-third of 43 patients with Kaposi's sarcoma complained of diarrhea prior to study start (see CLINICAL STUDIES, AIDS-Related Kaposi's Sarcoma). 

In the first-line Phase 3 ovarian carcinoma studies, the incidence of nausea and vomiting when paclitaxel was administered in combination with cisplatin appeared to be greater compared with the database for single-agent paclitaxel in ovarian and breast carcinoma. In addition, diarrhea of any grade was reported more frequently compared to the control arm, but there was no difference for severe diarrhea in these studies.

Intestinal obstruction, intestinal perforation, pancreatitis, ischemic colitis, and dehydration have been reported. Neutropenic enterocolitis (typhlitis), despite the coadministration of G-CSF, were observed in patients treated with paclitaxel alone and in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents.
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a rare, neurodegenerative movement disorder. Together with multiple system atrophy (MSA), Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and corticobasal degeneration (CBD), PSP forms a group of atypical parkinsonisms. The latest diagnostic criteria, published in 2017 by the Movement Disorders Society, classify PSP diagnosis into defined, probable, and possible categories based on clinical examination. However, no single test is specific and sensitive for this disease. Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are promising molecules, particularly in the case of diseases that lack appropriate diagnostic and treatment tools, which supports exploring their role in PSP. We aimed to systematically review the current knowledge about the role of miRNAs in PSP. This study was registered in the Open Science Framework Registry, and the protocol is available online. Primary original studies, both clinical and preclinical, written in English and assessing miRNAs in PSP were included. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, reviews, case reports, letters to editors, commentaries, conference abstracts, guidelines/statements, expert opinions, preprints, and book chapters were excluded. The following five databases were searched: Embase, Medline Ultimate, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Each database was last searched on 18 June 2024. Eventually, nine original studies relevant to the discussed area were included. The risk of bias was not assessed. The selected research suggests that miRNAs may be considered promising biomarkers in PSP. However, the exact involvement of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of PSP is still to be determined. Several microRNAs were found to be dysregulated in patients with PSP. This applies to both brain tissue and fluids like cerebrospinal fluid CSF or blood. Several miRNAs were found that could potentially be helpful in differentiating among PSP patients, PD patients, and healthy individuals. Although some correlations and alterations have already been found, this field requires much more research. MicroRNAs are exciting and promising small molecules, and their investigation into many diseases, including PSP, may lead to significant discoveries.
If the tumor is 1p/19q intact, then patients will be further selected by whether or not their tumor demonstrates activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway. If activation is not present, patients will be treated with combined everolimus and Temozolomide (TMZ). Everolimus will be given at 10 mg daily continuously for up to 24 cycles, and Temozolomide will be dosed initially at 150 mg/m\^2 per day for 5 days out of a 28-day cycle for up to 12 cycles, after which patients will be followed with interval MRIs until progression.
Disclosed is a solid pharmaceutical dosage form, wherein the dosage form is not a chewing gum and is an orally disintegrating tablet form that completely dissolves or disintegrates in the oral cavity, for the release of nicotine in the oral cavity, comprising: a) a core encapsulated by at least one film coating, wherein the core comprises: i. nicotine resin complex and ii. a mint or fruit flavour and iii. one or more sweetener selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, sucralose and isomalt, and where the core has a weight of from 50 to 2000 mg, wherein b) the film coating comprises i. at least one film-forming polymer being hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), ii. a plasticizer being polyethylene glycol or triacetin and/or iii. surfactant being polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate, and iv. at least one sweetener being sucralose or aspartame and at least one flavour being mint or fruit for reduction of one or more organoleptically disturbing sensations, and where the at least one film coating is devoid of nicotine and devoid of buffer and has a thickness of from 10 to 500 microns, preferably the core has a weight of 90-1200 mg, and the film coating has a thickness of from 30 to 150 microns. The dosage form may also comprise at least one further active pharmaceutical ingredient, such as a zinc salt or zinc complex.
Positive airway pressure (PAP) is standard therapy for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) but has shown mixed results for improvement of insulin sensitivity and does not reduce cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality, even in patients with established CV disease. Hence, eliminating intermittent hypoxia alone with standard PAP therapy may not be sufficient to restore metabolism. Additional adjunct strategies (such as metformin) known to improve metabolism may be required to reduce metabolic burden and CV risk in OSA patients. The aim of this study is to examine the longitudinal changes in metabolism of OSA patients receiving both PAP and metformin treatment.

The MET-OSA study will last about 4 months. After screening the participants to determine eligibility, baseline study measures will be obtained and the participants will be provided with standard PAP for OSA treatment. Participants will also be randomized to receive either placebo or metformin treatment for 3 months. Compliance to study drug will be determined during monthly follow-up visits. Final study visit will include assessment of all baseline study measures.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) triggers a cascade of events that lead to early brain injury (EBI), which contributes to poor outcomes and appears within 3 days after SAH initiation. EBI involves multiple process including neuronal death, blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury and inflammation response. Microglia are cluster of immune cells originating in the brain which respond to SAH by changing their states and releasing inflammatory molecules through various signaling pathways. M0, M1, M2 are three states of microglia represent resting state, promoting inflammation state, and anti-inflammation state respectively, which can be modulated by pharmacological strategies.
AIM OF THE STUDY: After identified potential active ingredients and targets of Sanhua Decoction (SHD) for SAH, we selected aloe-emodin (AE) as a potential ingredient modulating microglia activation states.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Molecular mechanisms, targets and pathways of SHD were reveal by network pharmacology technique. The effects of AE on SAH were evaluated in vivo by assessing neurological deficits, neuronal apoptosis and BBB integrity in a mouse SAH model. Furthermore, BV-2 cells were used to examine the effects of AE on microglial polarization. The influence of AE on microglia transformation was measured by Iba-1, TNF-α, CD68, Arg-1 and CD206 staining. The signal pathways of neuronal apoptosis and microglia polarization was measured by Western blot.
RESULTS: Network pharmacology identified potential active ingredients and targets of SHD for SAH. And AE is one of the active ingredients. We also confirmed that AE via NF-κB and PKA/CREB pathway inhibited the microglia activation and promoted transformation from M1 phenotype to M2 at EBI stage after SAH.
CONCLUSIONS: AE, as one ingredient of SHD, can alleviate the inflammatory response and protecting neurons from SAH-induced injury. AE has potential value for treating SAH-induced nerve injury and is expected to be applied in clinical practice.
Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness. Glaucoma progression sometimes occurs despite apparent control of intraocular pressure. Therefore, there may be other factors involved in glaucoma progression in some patients. Evidence is mounting that glaucoma patients are more likely to have abnormal ocular blood flow and vasospasm compared to those without glaucoma. Also, a study showed that those with progressive glaucoma had decreased blood flow compared to those with stable glaucoma or healthy controls. Endothelin-1, a potent vasoconstrictor, may be involved in these blood flow abnormalities. If the dysregulation of blood flow is causally related to the progression of glaucoma, then therapies aimed at improving the regulation of blood flow may help to prevent this progression.

Ginkgo may be part of an effective treatment strategy for glaucoma because it has been shown to improve peripheral and cerebral blood flow. Other properties of Ginkgo that may aid in the treatment of glaucoma include antioxidant properties, inhibition of platelet activating factor, relaxation of smooth muscle, and neuroprotective properties. Ginkgo may be particularly useful in relaxing vasospasm. Two controlled trials have examined the effect of Ginkgo on ocular blood flow in healthy subjects. One randomized crossover trial found that 2 days of Ginkgo increased the end diastolic velocity in the ophthalmic artery compared to placebo. However, another trial found that 1 dose of Ginkgo had no significant effects on ocular blood flow parameters. In people with normal tension glaucoma, Park et al found that 4 weeks of Ginkgo increased peripapillary retinal blood flow. Two randomized controlled trials have examined the impact of Ginkgo biloba on visual field in people with normal tension glaucoma with conflicting results. Clearly, there is a need for more research on this topic.

The goal of our study was to determine whether Ginkgo biloba would result in increased ocular blood flow, reduced vasospasm, and reduced endothelin-1 levels.
The invention discloses oridonin dry emulsion and a preparation method thereof. The dry emulsion has good stability and can be stored for a long time. The oridonin emulsion after rehabilitation by adding water has small grain diameter, and can be used for intravenous injection, intramuscular injection or oral administration. The dry emulsion preparation can be directly taken orally or used for preparing other preparations, such as tablet, capsule, dried suspension and powdery mist agent. The dry emulsion comprises 0.01-20% of oridonin, 5-80% of grease, 0.5-25% of emulsifying agent and 1-50% ofpropping agent. The preparation method of the dry emulsion comprises a spray drying method, a freeze drying method, a reduced pressure distillation method and a dry absorbing method.
The invention discloses a gold mark with coating and a coating location device. The gold mark with the coating comprises a gold mark body which is provided with a first through hole along the axis. The gold mark body is hollow. The gold mark body is provided with multiple second through holes along the radial direction. The gold make body is of a hollowed structure and provided with a nanometer medical layer. Due to the second through holes in the gold mark body, the gold mark body is of a hollowed structure, the stability between the gold mark body and tumor tissues implanted or specific soft tissues around the tumor is increased, the gold mark body does not move easily, the testing precision is raised, the accuracy of the testing result is guaranteed; the gold mark body is provided with the nanometer medical layer which facilitates the treatment of patients, and the device has the advantages of simple structure and convenient usage.
Kidney fibrosis, diffused into the interstitium, vessels, and glomerulus, is the main pathologic feature associated with loss of renal function and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Fibrosis may be triggered in kidney diseases by different genetic and molecular insults. However, several studies have shown that fibrosis can be linked to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in CKD. In this review, we will focus on three pathways that link oxidative stress and kidney fibrosis, namely: (i) hyperglycemia and mitochondrial energy imbalance, (ii) the mineralocorticoid signaling pathway, and (iii) the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway. We selected these pathways because they are targeted by available medications capable of reducing kidney fibrosis, such as sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and HIF-1alpha-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors. These drugs have shown a reduction in oxidative stress in the kidney and a reduced collagen deposition across different CKD subtypes. However, there is still a long and winding road to a clear understanding of the anti-fibrotic effects of these compounds in humans, due to the inherent practical and ethical difficulties in obtaining sequential kidney biopsies and the lack of specific fibrosis biomarkers measurable in easily accessible matrices like urine. In this narrative review, we will describe these three pathways, their interconnections, and their link to and activity in oxidative stress and kidney fibrosis.