anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a devastating lung disease that leads to impaired lung function and ultimately death. Several studies have suggested that melatonin, a hormone involved in regulating sleep-wake cycles, may be effective in improving PF. Ramelteon, an FDA-approved melatonin receptor agonist, has shown promise in exerting an anti-PF effect similar to melatonin. However, further investigations are required for illuminating the extent on its therapeutic benefits and the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this work, a mouse lung fibrosis model was built through intratracheal administration of bleomycin (BLM). Subsequently, the mice were administrated Ramelteon for a duration of 3 weeks to explore its efficacy and mechanism of action. Additionally, we utilized a TGF-β1-induced MRC-5 cell model to further investigate the molecular mechanism underlying ramelteon's effects. Functionally, Ramelteon partially abrogated TGF-β1-induced pulmonary fibrosis and reduced fibroblast proliferation, extracellular matrix deposition, and differentiation into myofibroblasts. In vivo experiments, ramelteon attenuated BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis and collagen deposition. Mechanistically, ramelteon exerts its beneficial effect by alleviating translocation and expression of YAP1, a core component of Hippo pathway, from cytoplasm to nucleus; however, overexpression of YAP1 reversed this effect. In conclusion, our findings indicate that ramelteon can improve PF by regulating Hippo pathway and may become a potential candidate as a therapy to PF.
PURPOSE: To explore and compare the diagnostic values of mono-exponential, bi-exponential, and stretched-exponential diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) parameters of primary lesions and lymph nodes (LNs) to predict mediastinal LN metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-one patients with non-small cell lung cancer underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging, including multiple b -value DWI. The DWI parameters, including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) from a mono-exponential model, true diffusion (D) coefficient, pseudo-diffusion (D*) coefficient, and perfusion fraction (f) from a bi-exponential model, distributed diffusion coefficient (DDC) and intravoxel diffusion heterogeneity index (α) from a stretched-exponential model of primary tumors and LNs and the size characteristics of LNs, were measured and compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to establish models for predicting mediastinal LN metastasis. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was applied to evaluate diagnostic performances.
RESULTS: The DWI parameters of primary tumors showed no statistical significance between LN metastasis-positive and LN metastasis-negative groups. Nonmetastatic LNs had significantly higher ADC, D, DDC, and α values compared with metastatic LNs (all P < 0.05). The short-dimension, long-dimension, and short-long dimension ratio of metastatic LNs was significantly larger than those of nonmetastatic ones (all P < 0.05). The D value showed the best diagnostic performance among all DWI-derived single parameters, and the short dimension of LNs performed the same among all the size variables. Furthermore, the combination of DWI parameters (ADC and D) and the short dimension of LNs can significantly improve diagnostic efficiency.
CONCLUSIONS: The ADC, D, DDC, and α from the mono-exponential, bi-exponential, and stretched-exponential models were demonstrated efficient in differentiating benign from metastatic LNs, and the combination of ADC, D, and short dimension of LNs may have a better diagnostic performance than DWI or size-derived parameters either in combination or individually.
BACKGROUND: Preterm children are at increased risk of cognitive and language delay compared with term-born children. While many perinatal factors associated with prematurity are well established, there is limited research concerning the influence of the socio-familial environment on the development of preterm children. This study aims to assess the relative impact of perinatal and socio-familial risk factors on cognitive and language development at 2 years corrected age (CA).
METHOD: This retrospective cross-sectional study included preterm infants with a gestational age <32 weeks and/or a birth weight <1500 g, who underwent neurodevelopmental assessment at 2 years CA. Cognitive and language scores were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant-Toddler Development, third edition. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a multivariable model to examine the relationship between developmental delays and perinatal and socio-familial factors.
RESULT: The prevalence of language delay was negatively associated with daycare attendance (aOR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.07-0.85, p < 0.05) and high maternal educational levels (aOR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.05-0.93, p < 0.05) and positively associated with bilingual environments (aOR: 5.62, 95% CI: 1.46-24.3, p < 0.05). Perinatal and postnatal risk factors did not show a significant impact on cognitive or language development.
CONCLUSION: The development of language appears to be more influenced by the socio-familial environment than by early perinatal and postnatal factors associated with prematurity. These findings highlight the importance of considering socio-familial factors in the early identification and intervention of language delay among preterm children.
Five general hospitals, including both public and private, are chosen as regional coordinating centers in this project. Collaborating with community physicians, project coordinating-centers randomize diabetic patients, who have signed informed consent, into either intervention or control group. While two annual comprehensive lab tests are offered to the control group, an additional package of consultations and coordinating services provided by health managers is appended to the intervention group. Qualified health managers are cultivated in five selected medical institutes to support primary care physicians in managing diabetic patients. Responsibilities of health managers include tracking and updating enrolled patients' information, providing adequate and scheduled consultations, arranging specialty referrals for patients in needs, and transferring stable patients back to their original physicians. The feasibility phase of the project implementation will last for three years and it will be followed by a phase of full-scale implementation for another two years. Glycemic control as well as health status of participants will be the indicators to evaluate outcome of the project. At the same time, the periodic measurements on glucose, blood pressures, lipids and the incidence of complications will also be analyzed to set up an optimal target for diabetic control in Taiwan.
The invention discloses a calcitonin-gene-related peptide and AcAP5 (ancylostoma caninum anticoagulant peptide 5) fusion protein and an encoding gene thereof, and relates to a fusion protein and an encoding gene thereof. The invention aims at providing the calcitonin-gene-related peptide and AcAP5 fusion protein and the encoding gene thereof. The fusion protein has double functions of treating hypertension and preventing thrombi, and the two proteins have complementary actions and synergetic effects. The amino acid sequence of the fusion protein is shown as SEQ ID NO: 2. The nucleotide sequence of the encoding gene of the fusion protein is shown as SEQ ID NO: 1. The fusion protein fuses calcitonin-gene-related peptide and AcAP5 which have the complementary actions and synergetic effects. Experiments prove that the obtained fusion protein has good effects of treating the hypertension and preventing the thrombi. The fusion protein can be used for preparing drugs for preventing the thrombi and preventing and treating the hypertension.
The invention discloses a Zn-Fe system zinc alloy and a preparation method and application thereof. The zinc alloy comprises Zn and Fe. The mass percentage of Fe in the zinc alloy is 0-10%, exclusive of 0. The zinc alloy further comprises a trace element, which is at least one of silicon, phosphorus, lithium, silver, tin and a rare earth element and has the mass percentage being 0-3%, exclusive of 0. The mechanical property of the Zn-Fe system zinc alloy conforms to the strength and toughness requirements of a medical implant material, is free of toxicity to endothelial cells and osteoblast, and can inhibit proliferation of smooth muscle cells. The Zn-Fe system zinc alloy is excellent in histocompatibility and blood compatibility and can be degraded by the body fluid through regulation and control. The dissolution metal ions can be absorbed and utilized through the living body or be excreted out of the body through metabolism. The zinc alloy is excellent in antibacterial performance and can be applied to preparation of a medical implant.
Exposure of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to ionizing radiation results in a growth arrest, with cells blocked in both the G1 and G2 phases of the cell cycle. The G1 block has been shown to be due to the p53-mediated induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21?WAF1/CIP1/SDI1¿, but the basis for the G2 arrest is unknown. Through a quantitative analysis of gene expression patterns in CRC cell lines, we have discovered that 14-3-3σ is strongly induced by η-irradiation and other DNA-damaging agents. The induction of 14-3-3σ is mediated by a p53-responsive element located 1.815 kb upstream of its transcription start site. Exogenous introduction of 14-3-3σ into cycling cells results in a G2 block similar to that observed following irradiation. These results document a molecular mechanism for G2/M control that is regulated in human cells by p53.
Patients will receive 0.9% mL NaCl alone. The area affected will be injected with 0.1 mL at each 1-2 square cm for a maximum volume of 4 mL.
PURPOSE: A u-health care system and a momentum measuring device for the same are provided to accurately measure momentum of a user. CONSTITUTION: A momentum measuring device (20) is loaded on sporting equipment (10) used by a user and is communicated and connected with a user terminal (100) by including a communication module. Sensing values which is sensed by the momentum measuring device are delivered to a u-health care server (200) through a center medium of the user terminal after being delivered to the user terminal. The user terminal and the u-health care server are connected through a wire and wireless network (300). A screen is indicated through a fixing terminal of a large screen if the user terminal is a mobile terminal including a smart phone etc. [Reference numerals] (10) Exercise equipment; (300) Wire/wireless network; (AA) Momentum measuring device of this invention is loaded; (BB) Inside your house; (CC) Communication (ex. short distance communication); (DD) U-healthcare App mounted; (EE) Momentum DB included
PURPOSE:A cosmetic obtained by incorporating soluble collagen with vitamin E together, and having synergistically enhanced effect on improvement in skin roughening. CONSTITUTION:A cosmetic containing at least one or more selected from soluble collagen and derivatives thereof, preferably collagen solubilized by treatment with protease, and at least one or more selected from vitamin E, e.g. alpha-tocopherol. A cosmetic containing a humectant, e.g. sodium lactate, is generally used for improving the skin roughening. Besides the humectant, the soluble collagen is regarded as having effect on prevention of skin roughening and impartment of softness to the skin, etc. The use of the soluble collagen together with the vitamin E increases synergistically the effect on improvement in skin roughening. The amounts of both compoenents to be incorporated are as follows: 0.001-1.5wt% soluble collagen, and >=0.001wt%, preferably about 2wt% vitamin E.
PURPOSE: No study has comprehensively assessed the relationship of metabolic factors including insulin resistance, hypertension, hyperuricemia, and hypercholesterolemia with the development of carotid plaque. Therefore, we constructed metabolic scores based on the above metabolic factors and examined its association with carotid plaque in young and older Chinese adults.
METHODS: This study included 17,396 participants who underwent carotid ultrasound examinations, including 14,173 young adults (<65 years) and 3,223 older adults (≥65 years). Individual metabolic score was calculated using triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, mean arterial pressure (MAP), uric acid, and total cholesterol (TC). Logistic regression models were conducted to examine the role of metabolic score and its components in the prevalence of carotid plaque. The nonlinear relationship was examined using restricted cubic spline regression. Meanwhile, subgroup, interaction, and sensitivity analyses were conducted.
RESULTS: The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that TyG (OR: 1.088; 95%CI: 1.046-1.132), MAP (OR: 1.121; 95%CI: 1.077-1.168), TC (OR: 1.137; 95%CI: 1.094-1.182) and metabolic score (OR: 1.064; 95%CI: 1.046-1.082) were associated with carotid plaque prevalence in young adults rather than older adults. The nonlinear association was not observed for metabolic scores and carotid plaque. Subgroup analyses showed significant associations between metabolic scores and carotid plaque prevalence in men, women, normal-weight, and overweight young adults. No interaction of metabolic score with sex and BMI were observed.
CONCLUSIONS: The results support that control of TyG, MAP, TC, and metabolic scores is a key point in preventing the prevalence of carotid plaque in the young adults.
BACKGROUND: The association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and subclinical left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction in obese patients remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the TyG index and LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) in obese patients.
METHODS: A total of 1028 obese patients from January 2019 to January 2024 were included in the present study. Clinical parameters and biochemical and echocardiographic data were obtained from the participants. LV GLS was obtained from the GE EchoPAC workstation for evaluating subclinical LV function. The TyG index was calculated as Ln (fasting TG [mg/dL] × fasting glucose [mg/dL]/2). LV GLS was compared between obese patients with a high TyG index and those with a low TyG index.
RESULTS: Obese patients with a high TyG index had greater incidences of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidaemia. The LV GLS was significantly lower in the high TyG index group than in the low TyG index group (P = 0.01). After adjusting for sex, age, body mass index, heart rate, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, LV mass and LV hypertrophy, the TyG index remained an independent risk indicator related to an LV GLS < 20% (OR: 1.520, 95% CI: 1.040 to 2.221; P = 0.031).
CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that an increase in the TyG index is independently associated with subclinical LV systolic dysfunction in obese patients.
A method for a nuclear medicine examination of a patient is disclosed. In at least one embodiment of the method, a magnetic resonance recording of an examination region of the patient is created after a magnetic resonance contrast agent has been administered to the patient. A distribution of the magnetic resonance contrast agent in the examination region is automatically determined from the magnetic resonance recording. After a nuclear medicine tracer has been administered to the patient, a nuclear medicine recording of the examination region of the patient is created. The magnetic resonance contrast agent and the nuclear medicine tracer have essentially identical pharmacokinetic properties. The nuclear medicine recording is corrected as a function of the distribution of the magnetic resonance contrast agent in the examination region.
This invention involves a pharmaceutical mixture for preventing or reducing excitotoxic brain damage caused by hypoxia/ischemia (such as stroke) and various other factors. This mixture comprises an NMDA antagonist and a non-NMDA antagonist, both of which penetrate blood-brain barriers (BBB's) and which, in combination, provide greater protection against excitotoxic damage than can be provided by any quantity of either agent by itself. Suitable NMDA antagonists can be either competitive antagonists which bind directy to the NMDA binding site in the NMDA receptor complex, or non-competitive agents that interact with other binding sites such as the PCP, glycine, or polyamine binding sites. Suitable non-NMDA antagonists include a quinoxalinedione compound referred to as NBQX, and a 2,3-benzodiazepine compound referred to as GYKI 52466. If an NMDA antagonist is used which is stronger than dextromethorphan, the mixture of an NMDA and a non-NMDA antagonist preferably should be administered in combination with a third agent that functions as a "safening agent" to prevent or reduce the neurotoxic side effects caused by strong NMDA antagonists. Two classes of safening agents have been identified: (1) anti-cholinergic agents such as scopolamine and, (2) barbiturates which act as direct agonists of gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) receptors, such as secobarbital, pentobarbital, and thiamylal.
Study Design: Subjects returning from Iraq who meet criteria for early PTSD (N=160) will be included in the study with a recruitment goal of 144 completers. A group of 80 healthy subjects with a history of military service during the period of OIF without a history of deployment and without PTSD and 80 healthy subjects with a history of deployment without PTSD will serve as comparator groups. All subjects will undergo baseline imaging of the brain with PET FDG and with measurement of brain blood flow during a memory task and with exposure to trauma related reminders (slides and sounds) and MRI and baseline psychometric assessments, following which PTSD subjects will be randomized to receive paroxetine or placebo for three months, with repeat imaging and assessments. After this PTSD subjects will be treated with three months of open label paroxetine, followed by a repeat of imaging and assessments. This will be an intent to treat analysis, therefore all subjects who were randomized and took at least one dose of study medication will be assessed at three months, regardless of whether they were able to stay on study medication. This will complement our currently VA Clinical Trial Merit funded application to measure hippocampal volume, NAA, and cortisol response to stress before and after early intervention with paroxetine in returning Iraq vets with early PTSD.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Time-restricted eating (TRE), a form of intermittent fasting, restricts feeding time across the day, imposing a daily 'eating window'. The time of day when the eating window occurs could result in differential metabolic effects. Here, we describe recent intervention studies in humans assessing the metabolic consequences of an early- (i.e., eating window starting in the early morning) vs. late (i.e., eating window starting after midday)-TRE protocol.
RECENT FINDINGS: Well-controlled studies indicate that both TRE protocols effectively reduce body weight and improve altered glucose metabolism, lipid profile, inflammation, or blood pressure levels. An early-TRE (e-TRE) might have a further positive impact on improving blood glucose, insulin levels, and insulin resistance. However, the studies directly assessing the metabolic consequences of an early- vs. late-TRE have shown dissimilar findings, and more well-controlled clinical trials are needed on the metabolic benefits of these two types of TRE. Evidence suggests that an e-TRE might have enhanced metabolic results, particularly regarding glucose homeostasis. More long-term studies, including larger sample sizes, are needed to assess the metabolic, circadian, and adherence benefits, together with socio-cultural acceptance of both TRE approaches.
Many patients have persistent pain one year after herniated lumbar disc even when the disc is surgically removed or shrinks spontaneously. We hypothesize that the risk of persistent pain is modified by common variations in genes related to inflammation and pain processing. We propose to collect blood for DNA analysis from up to 500 patients who have been followed for 10 years after the onset of severe sciatica in the Maine Lumbar Spine Study. Based on the pain research literature, Human Genome databases, and gene studies in NIAAA's Laboratory of Neurogenetics, we will prioritize approximately 100 candidate genes with variants that affect the function of their proteins. We will type patients' DNA for these variants and compare their clinical data with their genotype at each candidate gene to see if common variants increase or decrease the risk of chronic pain. The primary phenotype variable will be the amount of persistent leg pain one year after pain onset, Identification of such associations, if replicated in future studies, may help to prioritize targets for drug treatments or identify genetic tests that can predict the prognosis of acute sciatica and assist in treatment choice.
In this experiment, we will apply a crossover design in healthy subjects. Each subject will receive four treatments in four separate sessions: 1) VGAIT, 2) VGAIT control condition, 3) real acupuncture, and 4) sham acupuncture. Each session will be separated by at least 7 days. Subjects will participate in five experimental sessions: a training and familiarity behavioral session and four fMRI sessions during which the subject will receive one of the four treatments.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Intermittent fasting has gained significant attention, yet a comprehensive understanding of its impact on female reproductive health is lacking. This review aims to fill this gap by examining various intermittent fasting regimens and their effects on female reproductive function, along with potential mechanisms.
RECENT FINDINGS: In healthy non-overweight/obese or pregnant animal models, alternate-day fasting (ADF) and an 8-h time-restricted feeding (TRF) window may have adverse effects on reproductive function. However, these regimens show potential to mitigate negative consequences induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) or environmental exposure. A 10-h TRF demonstrates benefits in improving fertility in both normal-weight and HFD-fed animal models. In women with overweight/obesity or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the 5:2 diet and TRF significantly reduce the free androgen index while elevating sex hormone binding globulin, promising improvements in menstrual regulation. For pregnant Muslim women, available data do not strongly indicate adverse effects of Ramadan fasting on preterm delivery, but potential downsides to maternal weight gain, neonatal birthweight, and long-term offspring health need consideration. Factors linking intermittent fasting to female reproductive health include the circadian clock, gut microbiota, metabolic regulators, and modifiable lifestyles. Drawing definitive conclusions remains challenging in this evolving area. Nonetheless, our findings underscore the potential utility of intermittent fasting regimens as a therapeutic approach for addressing menstruation irregularities and infertility in women with obesity and PCOS. On the other hand, pregnant women should remain cognizant of potential risks associated with intermittent fasting practices.
Participants that are assigned to this group will receive Sham PBM therapy 3 times a week for 3 weeks for a total of 9 treatments. Sham PBM therapy is an inactive harmless treatment that is intended to mimic the active PBM treatment.