anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A prospective, interventional study. A total of to 494 subjects requiring bilateral multiradius( n=247) and singlerasius(n=247) knee arthroplasty will be enrolled. Anterior femoral offset, femoral diameter and patellar offset will be measured by orthopaedic surgeons. In addition, Visual Analogue Scale Score, Oxford Knee Score, WOMAC, SF12 and SF36 will be evaluated postoperative in patients long-term follow up to see if there is a relationship between anterior femoral offset and anterior knee pain. In the direct lateral knee joint radiograph, the distance between the two parallel axis extending from both cortices of the femur is measured as "femoral diameter".The remaining length between the anterior axis and the maximum peak at the anterior of the prosthesis is considered as an "anterior femoral offset". Sagittal patellar offset is accepted by us as the ratio of the anterior femoral offset to the remaining distance between the maximum anterior point of the patella and the posterior vertex in the direct lateral knee joint radiography.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and a leading cause of dementia. Aging is a significant risk factor for AD, emphasizing the importance of early detection since symptoms cannot be reversed once the advanced stage is reached. Currently, there is no established method for early AD diagnosis. However, emerging evidence suggests that the microbiome has an impact on cognitive function. The gut microbiome and the brain communicate bidirectionally through the gut-brain axis, with systemic inflammation identified as a key connection that may contribute to AD. Gut dysbiosis is more prevalent in individuals with AD compared to their cognitively healthy counterparts, leading to increased gut permeability and subsequent systemic inflammation, potentially causing neuroinflammation. Detecting brain activity traditionally involves invasive and expensive methods, but electroencephalography (EEG) poses as a non-invasive alternative. EEG measures brain activity and multiple studies indicate distinct patterns in individuals with AD. Furthermore, EEG patterns in individuals with mild cognitive impairment differ from those in the advanced stage of AD, suggesting its potential as a method for early indication of AD. This review aims to consolidate existing knowledge on the microbiome and EEG as potential biomarkers for early-stage AD, highlighting the current state of research and suggesting avenues for further investigation.
Over the past decade, human genome-wide association and expression studies have strongly implicated dysregulation of the innate immune system in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Single cell mRNA sequencing studies have identified innate immune cell subtypes that are minimally present in normal healthy brain, but whose numbers greatly increase in association with AD pathology. These AD pathology-associated immune cells are putatively the locus for the immune-related AD risk. While the prevailing view is that these immune cells arise from transformation of resident brain microglia, studies across several decades and using multiple techniques and strategies suggest instead that the pathology-associated immune cells are bone-marrow derived hematopoietic cells that are recruited into brain. We critically review this translational literature, emphasizing the strengths and limitations of techniques used to address recruitment and the experimental designs employed. We conclude that the aggregate evidence points toward recruitment into brain of innate immune cells of the myeloid dendritic cell lineage. Recruitment of dendritic cells and their role in AD pathogenesis has broad implications for our understanding of the etiology and pathobiology of AD that impact the strategies to develop new, immune system-targeted therapeutics for this devastating disease.
Patients in this group will have the Jada® System applied when the initial medical treatment fails, and estimated blood loss reaches 1000 mL. It is a U.S. FDA-cleared device intended for treatment of PPH when conservative management is warranted.
Cryptogenic new-onset refractory status epilepticus (cNORSE) is a devastating condition with unclear pathogenesis. Here, we analyzed the genetic underprints of 31 cNORSE patients from an autoimmune encephalitis observational cohort through whole-genome sequencing. Compared to their controls, cNORSE patients exhibited elevated polygenic risk scores (PRS) for traits associated with autoimmune diseases. The individual PRS against these diseases were correlated with specific clinical phenotypes of cNORSE. The variants were enriched in genes expressed in the central nervous system and lymphocytes. These results suggest a shared genetic framework between cNORSE and other autoimmune/autoinflammatory diseases, and its involvement in the disease pathogenesis. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:1201-1208.
Background: High prevalence rates (10 - 25 %) and a promising setting for proactive intervention strategies make the general hospital a first choice setting for secondary prevention of alcohol-related disorders. Efficient screening instruments have been developed for early detection. With regard to the severity of alcohol problem (e.g. alcohol dependence vs. heavy episodic drinking) and the motivation to change, the target group is very heterogeneous. Although there are counseling strategies that take into account this heterogeneity, there is still a lack of implementation and poor knowledge about different implementation strategies in routine care. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of a proactive secondary preventive intervention based on the TTM and on MI in a representative sample of general hospital patients carried out by a liaison service versus non-specialist physicians trained in counseling techniques by staff of the study. Methods: A sample of 1,479 alcohol at-risk-drinking, alcohol abusing or alcohol dependent patients from four general hospitals detected by screening questionnaires will be assigned to (1) a group counseled by an addiction liaison service, (2) a group counseled by the physicians of the ward, and (3) to an assessment-only condition with treatment as usual. Outcome will be measured one year later and will include abstinence point prevalence rates, stage progress, help seeking, and cost-effectiveness analysis. Expected impact: The project will yield new scientific knowledge on how to implement early intervention for alcohol at-risk-drinking and alcohol use disorders in the general hospital. Results of the study shall be transferred to nationwide practice guideline proposals. The study will contribute to the improvement of the health care system as well as the education of medical students. The study is designed to reveal empirical evidence for proactive TTM-based interventions for individuals suffering from a prevalent substance use disorder.
Surgical simulation provides opportunities for both medical residents and expert surgeons to practice specific skills, prior to performing complex tasks on patients, with the goal of reducing potential errors and providing a safer procedure for the patient. Most studies have addressed surgical simulation carried out in dry and animation laboratories at a significantly different time than the actual surgery on patients. For most surgeons-in-training, there is no intermediate stage between practice and performance. Learning takes place in isolation, and surgeons do not routinely experience how dexterity skills are affected by context until they perform an actual operation. The investigators will use a unique approach to simulation (just-in-time simulation i.e., practicing in close proximity to live surgery). The investigators believe that this approach will be most beneficial for highly technical procedures such as Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL), because this approach could familiarize the surgeon with the case, enable them to try different approaches, identify potential dangers, and even optimize the selection of tools for the procedure. This type of simulation is usually performed using idealized or generic models that can improve a surgeon's technical, cognitive, and hand - eye coordination performance, of this specific procedure prior to the live surgery but is not personalized for an individual patient.

The investigators' efforts at the Simulation Innovation Laboratory (SIL) at the University of Rochester in combining 3D printing technology with polymer research has provided a platform for reproducing patient specific water-based gel models with accurate portrayal of anatomical characteristics including individual patient variations, but also with the capacity to reproduce tissue characteristics and replicate the comprehensive operative experience. Patient specific simulations, however, allow surgeons to practice, plan and address potential problems related to a specific patient's surgery before performing the actual surgery. The investigators developed three-dimensional (3D) models, which reproduce patient-specific anatomy and tissue characteristics, allowing for a rehearsal that is an accurate representation of an actual procedure to be done, in this case Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for the treatment of complex renal stones.

In the present era of simulation, no standard form of simulation exists that is performed directly prior to the live surgery, nor is there any form of personalized simulation for each patient. In this study the investigators aim to compare just-in-time simulation using either patient-specific or idealized training models and compare their impact on operative performance following Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Secondary objectives are to assess their impact on patient outcomes following PCNL. The investigators overarching goals are to improve patient outcomes by developing the best platform for surgeons to efficiently enhance their performance prior to live surgery.
This randomized, controlled study will evaluate the efficacy of a behavioral weight loss program coupled with enhanced executive functioning training via serious gaming (BWL+GAMING) on weight loss and maintenance in adults with obesity and executive functioning deficits compared to standard behavioral treatment alone (BWL) at two urban Philadelphia university-based clinics (PCOM \[Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine\] and Temple University). Participants will be recruited from the community. All participants (N = 200) will complete 12 weeks of behavioral weight loss treatment. Intervention participants will also complete 30-minutes (5 days per week for 8 weeks) of a serious gaming program, which will feature online games developed specifically to enhance executive functions. The primary outcomes are weight change and weight change maintenance, which will be measured at 12 and 52 weeks, respectively. Neuropsychological testing will evaluate the proposed mechanism of action, changes in executive functioning, before and after treatment (12 and 52 weeks).
The "Breast Compression Intervention at the End of Pregnancy" group is expected to start after the 36th week of pregnancy and continue until three months after delivery. In addition to routine care, breast relaxation methods of different intensities during pregnancy and postpartum will be provided in stages.
Telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide tablets USP are a combination of telmisartan, an orally active angiotensin II antagonist acting on the AT1 receptor subtype, and hydrochlorothiazide, a thiazide diuretic.

Telmisartan, a non-peptide molecule, is chemically described as 4'-[(1, 4'-dimethyl-2'-propyl[2,6'-bi-1H-benzimidazol]-1'-yl)methyl]-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxylic acid. Its empirical formula is C33H30N4O2, its molecular weight is 514.63, and its structural formula is:

Telmisartan is a white to slightly yellowish solid. It is practically insoluble in water and in the pH range of 3 to 9, sparingly soluble in strong acid (except insoluble in hydrochloric acid), and soluble in strong base.

Hydrochlorothiazide is a white, or practically white, practically odorless, crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 297.74. It is slightly soluble in water, and freely soluble in sodium hydroxide solution. Hydrochlorothiazide is chemically described as 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide. Its empirical formula is C7H8ClN3O4S2, and its structural formula is:

Telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide tablets USP are formulated for oral administration in three combinations of 40 mg/12.5 mg, 80 mg/12.5 mg, and 80 mg/25 mg telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide, respectively. The tablets contain the following inactive ingredients: crosscarmalose sodium, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, povidone and sodium hydroxide. As coloring agents, the 40 mg/12.5 mg and 80 mg/12.5 mg tablets contain red iron oxide, and the 80 mg/25 mg tablets contain yellow iron oxide.
PURPOSE: In mixed aortic valve disease (MAVD), the results of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are conflicting. There is limited data on the outcomes of TAVR in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and MAVD. The objective of this study is to compare outcomes after TAVR in BAV patients with MAVD and predominant aortic stenosis (PAS).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with BAV who underwent TAVR between January 2016 and April 2023 were included. The primary outcome was device success. The secondary endpoints were periprocedural mortality and other complications as defined by the Valve Academic Research Consortium-3 (VARC-3). Propensity score matching was used to minimize potential confounding.
RESULTS: A total of 262 patients were included in this study, 83 of whom had MAVD. The median age was 72 years, and 55.7% were male. The baseline comorbidity risk files were comparable between the two groups. Patients with MAVD had more mitral regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation and pulmonary hypertension, larger annular and left ventricular outflow tract dimensions, and more severe calcification than PAS. In the unmatched population, MAVD patients had similar device success rate (69.9% vs 79.9%, P=0.075) and 30-day mortality (3.6% vs 3.4%, P=1) compared to PAS. Propensity score matching resulted in 66 patient pairs. Device success rate were still comparable in the matched population. Other clinical outcomes, including stroke, bleeding (type 2-4), major vascular complications, acute kidney injury (stage 2-4) and permanent pacemaker implantation, were comparable between the two groups. Multivariable logistic regression analysis did not show MAVD to be an independent negative predictor of device success. At one year, survival was similar between patients with MAVD and those with PAS.
CONCLUSION: For the bicuspid valve, patients with MAVD had a more challenging anatomy. MAVD patients associated with comparable 30-day clinical outcomes after TAVR compared to PAS patients in patients with BAV.
This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, ascending multiple-dose study evaluating AMG 333 in healthy subjects and subjects with migraines. Eight healthy subjects will be enrolled in each of cohorts 1 through 5. Study subjects will be randomized such that 6 subjects will receive AMG 333 and 2 subjects will receive placebo (3:1 ratio) per cohort. Likewise, 8 migraine subjects will be enrolled in cohort 6 and randomized to receive AMG 333 or placebo (3:1 ratio). All subjects will be housed for 15 days then allowed to return home. Migraine subjects will self-administer the headache diary at least once daily during the screening and out-patient portions of the study, and site personnel will administer the headache diary during the in-house period of the study. Healthy subjects will not keep the headache diary during screening and will have the headache diary administered by site personnel at least once daily starting on day 1 through day 14, and will then self administer throughout their participation in the study.
Participants' children with T1D will receive care for T1D at their respective institutions equivalent to that received by comparable patients who do not enroll in the trial. At all sites, Usual Care is designed to be consistent with the current American Diabetes Association Standards of Care for T1D in this clinical population.
Fibromyalgia is a chronic debilitating musculoskeletal pain syndrome that causes substantial physical and psychological impairments. The provisional criteria of the ACR 2010 and the 2011 self-report modification for survey and clinical research are widely used for fibromyalgia diagnosis. However, there is no Chinese version of fibromyalgia diagnosis criteria and severity assessment scales until now. The aim of this study is to investigate the reliability and the validity of the Chinese version of the 2011ModCr and 2016 ACR revisions to the 2011ModCr, as well as its quantification scale, the Chinese version of Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ-C) and Revised FIQ (FIQR-C). In this study, we'll divide patients with chronic pain without psychiatric disorders other than depression into two groups according to the 1990 ACR diagnostic criteria for fibromyalgia, a fibromyalgia group and a non-fibromyalgia group. Patients in both groups will be assessed using the 2011ModCr and 2016 ACR revisions to the 2011ModCr. Furthermore, those in the fibromyalgia group will also complete FIQ-C, FIQR-C and several other validated questionnaires including the Medical Outcome Survey Short Form-36 (SF-36), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), ect.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A gap exists between difficulty in diagnosis and importance of early recognition and intervention in pediatric Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Therefore, this study aimed to establish a diagnostic odyssey plot that allows "at-a-glance" overview of the diagnostic odyssey of GBS in children, including overall diagnostic delay, physician-related and patient-related diagnostic delays, and length and frequency of diagnostic errors.
METHODS: In this single-center retrospective cohort study, standardized data were obtained from children with GBS from 2003 to 2020. Overall diagnostic delay (time between symptom onset and diagnosis), physician-related diagnostic delay (time between the first medical visit and diagnosis), and patient-related diagnostic delay (time between symptom onset and the first medical visit) were analyzed.
RESULTS: The study examined a total of 21 patients (11 men, median age 4.5 years). Overall, there were 40 misdiagnoses among 17 patients, while four were diagnosed correctly at the first visit. The overall diagnostic delay was 9 days [interquartile range (IQR), 6-17 days]. Physician-related diagnostic delay, but not patient-related diagnostic delay, was correlated with the overall diagnostic delay. Patients in the late-diagnosed group were more frequently misdiagnosed during their diagnostic odyssey than patients in the other groups. Risk factors associated with diagnostic delay included delayed onset of weakness and sensory deficits, absence of swallowing problems, and misdiagnosis as orthopedic disorders or viral infections.
DISCUSSION: A unique diagnostic odyssey exists in pedaitric GBS. Several clinical risk factors were associated with the diagnostic delay.
With on-going emphasis on early extubation, as well as further recognition of morbidity and mortality associated with delirium, the specific sedatives and analgesics used in the ICU is an issue of interest. Recent studies have focused on comparing sedatives, but interpretations are often confounded by the fact that in most studies, different analgesics were used when comparing two sedative medications. The role of remifentanil as the main analgesic in the ICU is being recognized. Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles of remifentanil makes it an ideal analgesic in the ICU setting. The investigators therefore designed this randomized study to compare sedation with propofol and midazolam in a remifentanil-based sedation and analgesia.

The purpose of this study is to compare propofol-remifentanil sedation with midazolam-remifentanil sedation in regards to extubation and weaning time, length of stay in the ICU, as well as the incidence of delirium. Primary end-points were weaning time and extubation time, and secondary end-points were the incidence of delirium and length of stay in the ICU.
This is an observational study of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who attend pulmonary rehabilitation, which is the routine standard of care in Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital, London. It lasts for 14 sessions, twice a week and primarily consists of a supervised exercise program and educational sessions.
This crossover intervention study aims to assess the most effective type of device on the degree of satisfaction of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis for managing oral self-biting injuries. Thirty-one patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis diagnosed in the ALS Functional Unit at Bellvitge University Hospital will participate in this randomized crossover trial. Two devices will be prepared for each patient, a hard occlusal splint (HOS) and a flexible customized mouthguard (FCM). They will wear one type of device for the first two weeks, followed by a week off, and the other type of device for the fourth and fifth week. The sequence will be randomized to obtain one-half of the participants starting the first week wearing the HOS, and the other half wearing the FCM. The participants will rate the degree of satisfaction with the device in a 10-point scale, considering 0 extremely dissatisfied and 10 completely satisfied, and the degree of improvement or worsening of oral self-biting injuries, considering 0 an extreme worsening and 10 completely improved. They will also rate the degree of change in their quality of life (nothing, a bit, quite, a lot) because of changes in their oral self-biting injuries. Finally they will rate the compliance as the percentage of time the device was used with respect to the recommended time and report the adverse effects (excessive salivation, dry mouth, tooth pain, mucosal irritation, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain, TMJ sounds, bite change, other).
Composition comprising at least one quaternary ammonium compound which comprises at least one polyquaternium compound, and at least one alcohol ethoxylate. Preferably the polyquaternium compound is polyquaternium-6 (poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)). The at least one quaternary ammonium compound may additionally comprise benzalkonium chloride (BZK) and/or didecyldimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC). The alcohol ethoxylate is preferably alcohol ethoxylate nonionic C9-11 EO6 (C9-11 pareth 6). Optionally the composition may also comprise at least one preservative, such as 2-phenoxyethanol. Preferably the composition is impregnated on a wet wipe comprising a substrate and is used to disinfect a surface.
This is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 8-week clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of niacinamide versus placebo to reduce plasma phosphorus levels in peritoneal dialysis patients. Patients on a stable regimen of phosphate binders with plasma phosphorus levels \> 4.9 mg/dL are eligible for enrollment and randomization. The study will span 8 weeks of active medication treatment. The primary end-point will be absolute change in plasma phosphorus levels. Sixteen patients (8 randomized to each treatment arm) are needed to detect a 1.5 mg/dL difference assuming a standard deviation of 1 and powered at 80% (alpha 0.05). Placebo will be packaged to resemble the study drug in all physical attributes. The starting dose of niacinamide will be 250 mg twice daily to be titrated to 500 mg twice daily at the end of week 2 with a final titration to 750 mg twice daily at the end of week 4. Secondary end-points will include absolute change in the calcium-phosphorus product, intact parathyroid hormone, hemoglobin, platelet count, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and percentage change in plasma phosphorus.