anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: Catheter displacement is a common complication of peritoneal dialysis. The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between catheter morphology and displacement by analyzing CT data, providing a scientific basis for optimizing catheter morphology within abdominal wall layers.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 94 patients. The parameters for analyzing catheter morphology were defined based on six key points identified from CT images. The covariates considered in the analysis included demographics, primary disease, body size, peritoneal dialysis method, and total weekly urea clearance index.
RESULTS: During a mean follow-up period of 1056 ± 480 days, only the angle of the intramuscular part (IM angle) of the catheter significantly correlated with the time to first catheter displacement according to the multivariate analysis (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.039, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.058, p <  0.01). When the cut-off value of IM angle was 39.4  ∘  , the area under receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve for predicting catheter displacement was 0.791 (95% CI 0.701-0.881, p <  0.01), with a sensitivity and specificity of 82.9% and 66.0%, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that the catheter survival rate was significantly higher in the group with an IM angle < 39.4  ∘  than in the group with an IM angle > 39.4  ∘  (log-rank χ 2  =19.479, p <  0.01). None of the catheter morphology parameters were significantly correlated with technique survival in the multivariate analysis.
CONCLUSION: There is a correlation between catheter morphology and catheter displacement. An IM angle > 39.4  ∘  is an independent risk factor for catheter displacement, while the position and angle of the subcutaneous part are not correlated with catheter displacement.
The dose-response relationship for DURLAZA and immediate release (IR) aspirin towards COX-1 inhibition was characterized by examining the inhibition of serum TXB2 and urine 11-dehydro-TXB2 at 24 h following a single dose. Doses over the range of 20 mg to 325 mg for DURLAZA and 5 mg to 81 mg for IR aspirin respectively were studied. Half-maximal inhibition of serum TXB2 and urine 11-dehydro-TXB2 occurred with doses of DURLAZA (ID50) about 2-fold the dose of immediate release (IR) aspirin. Based on this relationship, the pharmacodynamic effect of DURLAZA 162.5 mg is similar to that attained with IR aspirin 81 mg. The mean inhibition of serum TXB2 following DURLAZA (82%) is lower when compared to IR aspirin 81 mg (93%) following the first dose. However, upon repeat administration, near maximal inhibition of serum TXB2 is achieved, similar to what is achieved following repeated daily doses of IR aspirin.
Modified-Thoracoabdominal Plane Block-pericondrial approach aplied after LSG. In m-TAPA block local anesthetic (0.25% bupivacaine-20ml) will be administrated between the transversus abdominis muscle and the internal abdominal muscle fascia under the costochondrial region.
BACKGROUND: Autosomal-dominant spinocerebellar ataxia (ADCA) due to intronic GAA repeat expansion in FGF14 (SCA27B) is a recent, relatively common form of late-onset ataxia.
OBJECTIVE: Here, we aimed to: (1) investigate the relative frequency of SCA27B in different clinically defined disease subgroups with late-onset ataxia collected among 16 tertiary Italian centers; (2) characterize phenotype and diagnostic findings of patients with SCA27B; (3) compare the Italian cohort with other cohorts reported in recent studies.
METHODS: We screened 396 clinically diagnosed late-onset cerebellar ataxias of unknown cause, subdivided in sporadic cerebellar ataxia, ADCA, and multisystem atrophy cerebellar type. We identified 72 new genetically defined subjects with SCA27B. Then, we analyzed the clinical, neurophysiological, and imaging features of 64 symptomatic cases.
RESULTS: In our cohort, the prevalence of SCA27B was 13.4% (53/396) with as high as 38.5% (22/57) in ADCA. The median age of onset of SCA27B patients was 62 years. All symptomatic individuals showed evidence of impaired balance and gait; cerebellar ocular motor signs were also frequent. Episodic manifestations at onset occurred in 31% of patients. Extrapyramidal features (17%) and cognitive impairment (25%) were also reported. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed cerebellar atrophy in most cases (78%). Pseudo-longitudinal assessments indicated slow progression of ataxia and minimal functional impairment.
CONCLUSION: Patients with SCA27B in Italy present as an adult-onset, slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia with predominant axial involvement and frequent cerebellar ocular motor signs. The high consistency of clinical features in SCA27B cohorts in multiple populations paves the way toward large-scale, multicenter studies.
Burns that occur in the hand cause early joint range-of-motion (ROM) limitations and hand muscle weakness that significantly affect quality of life. Hand burns, though restricted to a small total body surface area (TBSA), can have significant functional consequences. Joint contractures and nerve injuries are common after hand burns. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is effective not only for the regeneration of various tissues, including scar tissues, but also for reducing pain and pruritus in patients with burns.

The investigators have attempted to explore the effects of ESWT on hand dysfunction caused by nerve injury following burns. The investigators planned to evaluate the effects of ESWT (compared to sham stimulation) on hands with nerve injury and hypertrophic scars and thereby on hand function. The ESWT parameters were as follows: energy flux density, 0.05-0.30 mJ/mm2; frequency, 4 Hz; 1000 to 2000 impulses per treatment; and 12 treatments, one/week for 12 weeks. Outcome measures were as follows: 10-point visual analog scale for pain, Jebsen-Taylor hand function test, grip strength, Purdue Pegboard test, ultrasound measurement of scar thickness, and skin characteristics before and immediately after 12 weeks of treatment.
Patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) has been developed for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with several potential advantages over traditional instrumentation (TI). Shortened surgical time, fewer surgical instruments, and improved alignment are some of these proposed advantages. We sought to examine these assertions.

52 patients (26 per group) were enrolled in a prospective, randomized trial comparing CT-based PSI with TI. No difference was seen in average patient age (68 years) or BMI (31) between groups (p=0.84 and p=0.89), although there were more males in the PSI group (14 vs 7, p=0.002). A single surgeon and consistent staff performed the surgeries with the same knee prostheses, and all cases were videotaped to measure the length of surgery and each individual step. Any additional bone cuts, size changes, or ligament releases made to achieve correct alignment and balance were documented. The number of instrument trays opened for each case was recorded. Postoperative long alignment and lateral radiographs were taken to measure the coronal and sagittal plane component alignment and mechanical axis in each patient.
The goals of the diet and exercise lifestyle intervention is for patients to lose 7% total body weight. Patients meet with a nutritionist 11 times during the first 6 months to receive the structured diet and exercise instruction. Participants complete exercise sessions supervised by an exercise specialist, and will wear a heart rate monitor periodically during the study.
A pharmaceutical composition for injection comprising a depsipeptide antibiotic, WAP-8294A2, as an active ingredient, which is stable and contains WAP-8294A2 in high concentrations is provided. This composition comprises WAP-8294A2 of the following structural formula (1) as an active ingredient and is characterized in that 2-hydroxypropyl- .beta. -cyclodextrin or .beta. -cyclodextrin is contained as a stabilizer or solubilizer and the pH of the composition is not adjusted. This composition is mixed with a pH-adjusting agent such as dextrose and with an infusion or diluent comprising a solution of disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and sodium hydroxide at the time of use to prepare a solution for intravenous administration of WAP-8294A2. (see formula 1)
While the nurse was going to perform the phlebotomy operation on the 3-6-year-old child included in this group, one of the researchers (no. 2) tried to distract the child by putting the puppet on her hand and making her talk. The puppet used is an easy-to-use and hand-held puppet that will not cause fear in children. The puppet was named 'Zuzu' by researchers.
BACKGROUND: Despite advances in neuroimaging and electrophysiology, cluster headache's pathogenesis remains unclear. This review will examine clinical neurophysiology studies, including electrophysiological and functional neuroimaging, to determine if they might help us construct a neurophysiological model of cluster headache.
RESULTS: Clinical, biochemical, and electrophysiological research have implicated the trigeminal-parasympathetic system in cluster headache pain generation, although the order in which these two systems are activated, which may be somewhat independent, is unknown. Electrophysiology and neuroimaging have found one or more central factors that may cause seasonal and circadian attacks. The well-known posterior hypothalamus, with its primary circadian pacemaker suprachiasmatic nucleus, the brainstem monoaminergic systems, the midbrain, with an emphasis on the dopaminergic system, especially when cluster headache is chronic, and the descending pain control systems appear to be involved. Functional connection investigations have verified electrophysiological evidence of functional changes in distant brain regions connecting to wide cerebral networks other than pain.
CONCLUSION: We propose that under the impact of external time, an inherited misalignment between the primary circadian pacemaker suprachiasmatic nucleus and other secondary extra- suprachiasmatic nucleus clocks may promote disturbance of the body's internal physiological clock, lowering the threshold for bout recurrence.
Increases in serum transaminases have been reported with use of simvastatin [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] . In most cases, these changes appeared soon after initiation, were transient, were not accompanied by symptoms, and resolved or improved on continued therapy or after a brief interruption in therapy. 

Persistent increases to more than 3xULN in serum transaminases have occurred in approximately 1% of patients receiving simvastatin in clinical studies. Marked persistent increases of hepatic transaminases have also occurred with simvastatin. There have been rare postmarketing reports of fatal and non-fatal hepatic failure in patients taking statins, including simvastatin.

Patients who consume substantial quantities of alcohol and/or have a history of liver disease may be at increased risk for hepatic injury.

Consider liver enzyme testing before simvastatin initiation and when clinically indicated thereafter. Simvastatin is contraindicated in patients with acute liver failure or decompensated cirrhosis [see Contraindications (4)]. If serious hepatic injury with clinical symptoms and/or hyperbilirubinemia or jaundice occurs, promptly discontinue simvastatin.
Carcinogenesis

Carcinogenicity studies were conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats and in CD-1 mice for 2 years. In the rat carcinogenicity studies, animals were treated with oral doses ranging from 0.05 to 1,000 mg/kg twice daily. The highest dose produced systemic exposures to aprepitant approximately equivalent to (female rats) or less than (male rats) the adult human exposure at the RHD of 150 mg. Treatment with aprepitant at doses of 5 to 1000 mg/kg twice daily caused an increase in the incidences of thyroid follicular cell adenomas and carcinomas in male rats. In female rats, it produced hepatocellular adenomas at 5 to 1,000 mg/kg twice daily and hepatocellular carcinomas and thyroid follicular cell adenomas at 125 to 1,000 mg/kg twice daily. In the mouse carcinogenicity studies, the animals were treated with oral doses ranging from 2.5 to 2,000 mg/kg/day. The highest dose produced a systemic exposure approximately 2 times the adult human exposure at the RHD of 150 mg. Treatment with aprepitant produced skin fibrosarcomas at 125 and 500 mg/kg/day doses in male mice. Carcinogenicity studies were not conducted with fosaprepitant.

Mutagenesis

Aprepitant and fosaprepitant were not genotoxic in the Ames test, the human lymphoblastoid cell (TK6) mutagenesis test, the rat hepatocyte DNA strand break test, the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell chromosome aberration test and the mouse micronucleus test. 

Impairment of Fertility

Fosaprepitant, when administered intravenously, is rapidly converted to aprepitant. In the fertility studies conducted with fosaprepitant and aprepitant, the highest systemic exposures to aprepitant were obtained following oral administration of aprepitant. Oral aprepitant did not affect the fertility or general reproductive performance of male or female rats at doses up to the maximum feasible dose of 1000 mg/kg twice daily (providing exposure in male rats lower than the exposure at the recommended adult human dose of 150 mg and exposure in female rats approximately equivalent to the adult human exposure).
BACKGROUND: A 2-stage revision continues to be the standard treatment for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in hip arthroplasty. The use of "functional" spacers may allow patients to return to daily living while optimizing their health for revision surgery. We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of different spacer types regarding infection eradication, mechanical complications, and functional outcomes.
METHODS: Patients who have complete Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria for diagnosis of PJI that underwent one-stage or 2-stage revision were queried in an institutional surgical database between 2002 and 2022. Out of 286 patients, 210 met our inclusion criteria and were retrospectively reviewed for demographics, laboratory values, functional and patient-reported outcomes, and subsequent revisions. The study population had 54.3% women, a mean age of 61 years old, and a mean follow-up of 3.7 ± 3.2 years. There was no difference between age, body mass index, or Charlson Comorbidity Index scores between each cohort. Spacers were categorized as nonfunctional static, nonfunctional articulating, or functional articulating. Functional spacers were defined as those that allowed full weight bearing with no restrictions. Delphi criteria were used to define revision success, and failure was defined as a recurrent or persistent infection following definitive surgery.
RESULTS: There was a significantly lower reoperation rate after a definitive implant in the functional articulating cohort (P = .003), with a trending higher infection eradication rate and a lower rate of spacer failure compared to the nonfunctional spacer cohort. At 5 years, functional articulating spacers had a 94.1% survivorship rate, nonfunctional articulating spacers had an 81.2% survival rate, and nonfunctional static spacers had a 71.4% survival rate. In the functional articulating spacer cohort, 14.6% had yet to get reimplanted, with an average follow-up time of 1.4 years.
CONCLUSIONS: Within this large cohort of similar demographics, functional articulating spacers may result in better clinical outcomes and infection eradication during 2-stage revision arthroplasty for PJI.
Since 1997, avian H5N1 influenza in Southeast Asia has caused several human infections and has a high mortality rate. Experts warn that the next influenza pandemic is imminent and could be severe and prevention and control will depend on the rapid production and worldwide distribution of specific pandemic influenza candidate vaccines. An H5N1 influenza vaccine was successfully produced from whole virus grown in MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney) cells. These purified inactivated vaccine antigens were safe and could induce immune responses in animal studies. Moreover, when formulated in aluminum phosphate a stronger response was generated even at low doses in animals (Chong et al., 2008; Hu et al., 2008). However, further investigations are necessary before their human safety and immunogenicity can be established. This human phase I clinical study, therefore, evaluates the safety and immunogenicity of adjuvanted H5N1 virion influenza vaccine.
In the controlled and uncontrolled portions of clinical trials in Dupuytren’s contracture, flexor tendon ruptures occurred after XIAFLEX injection [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. Injection of XIAFLEX into collagen-containing structures such as tendons or ligaments of the hand may result in damage to those structures and possible permanent injury such as tendon rupture or ligament damage. Therefore, XIAFLEX should be injected only into the collagen cord with a MP or PIP joint contracture, and care should be taken to avoid injecting into tendons, nerves, blood vessels, or other collagen-containing structures of the hand. When injecting a cord affecting a PIP joint of the fifth finger, the needle insertion should not be more than 2 to 3 mm in depth and avoid injecting more than 4 mm distal to the palmar digital crease [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)].

Other XIAFLEX-associated serious local adverse reactions included pulley rupture, ligament injury, complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), sensory abnormality of the hand, and skin laceration (tear). In a historically controlled post-marketing trial, the incidence of skin laceration (22%) was higher for subjects treated with two concurrent injections of XIAFLEX compared with subjects treated with up to three single injections in the placebo-controlled premarketing trials (9%). Postmarketing cases of skin laceration requiring skin graft after finger extension procedures and local skin and soft-tissue necrosis, some requiring skin grafting or, other surgical interventions including finger amputation have been reported. Signs or symptoms that may reflect serious injury to the injected finger/hand should be promptly evaluated because surgical intervention may be required.
The control placebo videos (PV) will be 6 minutes, and will include a series of changing static images without animals, human beings, or sound (i.e. pictures of buildings, trees, cruise ships, mountains, beach umbrellas, beds, and tables). A Repetitive Task Practice (RTP) therapy regimen will be completed immediately after observing the PV, which emphasizes repeated physical performance with the hemiplegic upper limb for 24 minutes of a specified functional task. These tasks include putting on a shirt, picking up a sandwich and bringing it to mouth, eating food with a spoon, or cutting meat with knife and fork. The PV + RTP regimens will be repeated for a total of 60 minutes. Each Subject will complete a Home Exercise Program (HEP) will include practicing components and movement patterns of the functional task that was difficult for the patient to perform during RTP intervention for 30 minutes each day outside of scheduled intervention sessions.
Understanding the pathophysiology of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is critical for advancing treatment options. This review explores the novel hypothesis that a herpesvirus infection of endothelial cells (ECs) may underlie ME/CFS symptomatology. We review evidence linking herpesviruses to persistent EC infection and the implications for endothelial dysfunction, encompassing blood flow regulation, coagulation, and cognitive impairment-symptoms consistent with ME/CFS and Long COVID. This paper provides a synthesis of current research on herpesvirus latency and reactivation, detailing the impact on ECs and subsequent systemic complications, including latent modulation and long-term maladaptation. We suggest that the chronicity of ME/CFS symptoms and the multisystemic nature of the disease may be partly attributable to herpesvirus-induced endothelial maladaptation. Our conclusions underscore the necessity for further investigation into the prevalence and load of herpesvirus infection within the ECs of ME/CFS patients. This review offers conceptual advances by proposing an endothelial infection model as a systemic mechanism contributing to ME/CFS, steering future research toward potentially unexplored avenues in understanding and treating this complex syndrome.
Participants in second-line therapy with metastatic or recurrent gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma will receive IV infusion of 20 mg/kg MEDI4736 Q4W for 4 months (up to 4 doses) in combination with IV 1 mg/kg tremelimumab Q4W for 4 months (up to 4 doses in total). Thereafter, participants will receive MEDI4736 monotherapy (10 mg/kg) every 2 weeks (Q2W) to complete a total of 12 months of therapy (up to 18 additional doses).
Crop water stress index (CWSI) has been widely used in soil moisture monitoring. However, the influence of the time lag effect between canopy temperature and air temperature on the accuracy of soil moisture monitoring with different CWSI models has not been further investigated. Therefore, based on the continuous record of canopy temperature and air temperature, this study explored the influence of canopy-air temperature hysteresis on the diagnosis of soil moisture with three CWSI models (CWSIT-theoretical, CWSIE-empirical, CWSIH-hybrid). The results show (1) the peak time of canopy temperature was ahead of that of air temperature, and the lag time varied under different soil moisture conditions. When the soil moisture was seriously deficient, the lag time decreased. However, from jointing-heading period to filling-ripening period, the lag time became longer. (2) The values of CWSIT, CWSIE, and CWSIH decreased when the time lag effect was considered. In jointing-heading period, heading-filling period, and filling-ripening period, CWSIT had the highest accuracy in soil moisture monitoring without the consideration of the time lag effect. When the time lag effect was considered, the monitoring accuracy of CWSIE and CWSIH was greatly improved and higher than that of CWSIT, while that of CWSIT was reduced. The findings provided a basis for further improving the accuracy of soil moisture monitoring with CWSI models.
Understanding the sexual conversion of the malaria parasite is essential to interrupt malaria transmission. At each replicating cycle within erythrocytes, a proportion of asexual parasites converts into non-replicative sexual stages, which are the only forms able to infect mosquitos. The rate at which sexual stages are produced, is known as basal sexual conversion rate. Changes in the host immune and metabolic environment associated with the development of malaria disease, such as depletion of lysophosphatidylcholine in plasma, have been associated with increased sexual conversion rates in vitro. It is hypothesised that immune and metabolite factors that are altered during malaria infection induce sexual conversion in Plasmodium falciparum parasites. In this project, a new tool is developed that, based on expression analysis of sexual stage biomarkers, will estimate sexual conversion rates in natural infections. The aim is to identify immune factors and metabolites that induce sexual conversion using in-house developed sexual conversion assays, and experimental mosquito infections. Finally, transcriptional mechanisms are explored driving parasite sexual conversion in the host environment during disease using single-cell RNA-sequencing approaches. This research will provide essential knowledge on the factors that affect sexual conversion in the host and potentially inform novel strategies to interrupt transmission.