anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The study group includes all CL cases for whom the treating physician decides to treat by IL Pentostam. The patients will return to follow up and additional treatment every 3 weeks until full recovery \[as our current policy\].
Disclosed are embodiments of a computer-based processing system that enables health care providers to sell and order health care products and services from third party vendors for their patients in accordance with federal and state laws. For example, a provider server may initiate an order of a product or may respond to a request from a patient. The processing system includes a rule-based system that preferably insures legal compliance in the areas of product selection, payment and delivery. The processing system may also determine which patient requests ought to be reviewed by the applicable health care provider and/or which requests ought to include a patient consultation. In various embodiments, upon review by the provider, the processing system orders the health care product/service from a third-party vendor. The product may then be provided directly to the patient from the vendor, through the provider, or the like.
OBJECTIVE: This article introduces the general principles of assessing, diagnosing, and managing pain relevant to neurologic practice.
LATEST DEVELOPMENTS: Scientific understanding of and clinical practices related to pain and pain management are advancing. The field is remarkable for the diversity of health professions engaged in this effort, including physicians, scientists, psychologists, pharmacists, and many others. Pain classification is transforming with pending changes to the International Classification of Diseases diagnostic coding system, and pain assessment has moved toward consistent application of the biopsychosocial model. The diagnosis of pain has continued to become more sophisticated with the development of additional testing modalities, clearer classification systems, and diagnostic criteria. Pain management requires both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic elements; systematic review evidence for both of these and interventional and surgical management are increasingly available. The context of treatment remains important given the impact of social determinants of health and limitations of access to diagnostic and treatment resources. Due to global and interprofessional collaborations as well as new research funding, the outlook is positive.
ESSENTIAL POINTS: Pain is a protean experience for humans; functional MRI (fMRI) and other research modalities show that pain perception is highly multifocal, and modulation occurs at many nervous system levels. Neurologists bring special skills to pain evaluation and management, are well equipped to appreciate both the focal and diffuse nature of pain, and can envision how pain attenuates sleep, cognitive function, mobility, motivation, and social connection. By operationalizing expert knowledge of the nervous system, implementing relevant therapies, and collaborating with diverse health professions to manage pain, neurologists can succeed at and find meaning in optimizing patient outcomes.
The purpose of this study is to determine the role of Heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV-BF) in asthma management as either a controller (alternative) or bronchodilator (complementary) treatment, with respect to the current treatment of choice, inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy, using different methods from participants that demonstrated clinically significant improvement in asthma outcomes in the investigator's previous research (1), and adding a second site not involved in the investigator's previous work.

Inflammation of airways is viewed as the core pathophysiologic process in asthma. It is thought to render airways more reactive, and therefore, more susceptible to bronchoconstriction, leading to asthma exacerbations. Asthma is an episodic disease, where the goal of therapy is to reduce susceptibility to exacerbations, which may cause severe, even life-threatening illness. Anti-inflammatory medications reduce airways reactivity, while bronchodilator medications primarily relieve symptoms once an asthma exacerbation is in process, and may stop progressive constriction of airway smooth muscles (ASM). An anti-inflammatory effect of HRV-BF would have important implications for asthma management because adherence to ICS regimens is low due to a significant degree to feared side effects of prolonged steroid medication. Even if HRV-BF is found to only allow partial reduction in ICS requirements, this still would likely represent a major advance in asthma care.
Patients in Step 2, Arm Z receive cabozantinib S-malate PO QD and nivolumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1. Cycles repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients may continue to receive therapy after investigator-assessed RECIST 1.1 defined progression, including stable clinical and performance status and have potential for continued clinical benefit. Patients also undergo ECHO as clinically indicated, CT throughout the trial, and collection of blood on study.
Abuse and addiction are separate and distinct from physical dependence and tolerance. Abuse is characterized by misuse of the drug for non-medical purposes, often in combination with other psychoactive substances. Physical dependence is a state of adaptation that is manifested by a specific withdrawal syndrome that can be produced by abrupt cessation, rapid dose reduction, decreasing blood level of the drug and/or administration of an antagonist. Tolerance is a state of adaptation in which exposure to a drug induces changes that result in a diminution of one or more of the drug's effects over time. Tolerance may occur to both the desired and undesired effects of drugs and may develop at different rates for different effects.

Addiction is a primary, chronic, neurobiological disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. It is characterized by behaviors that include one or more of the following: impaired control over drug use, compulsive use, continued use despite harm, and craving. Drug addiction is a treatable disease, utilizing a multidisciplinary approach, but relapse is common.

Controlled Substance   
Temazepam is a controlled substance in Schedule IV. 

Abuse and Dependence

Withdrawal symptoms, similar in character to those noted with barbiturates and alcohol (convulsions, tremor, abdominal, and muscle cramps, vomiting, and sweating), have occurred following abrupt discontinuance of benzodiazepines. The more severe withdrawal symptoms have usually been limited to those patients who received excessive doses over an extended period of time. Generally milder withdrawal symptoms (e.g., dysphoria and insomnia) have been reported following abrupt discontinuance of benzodiazepines taken continuously at therapeutic levels for several months. Consequently, after extended therapy at doses higher than 15 mg, abrupt discontinuation should generally be avoided and a gradual dosage tapering schedule followed. As with any hypnotic, caution must be exercised in administering temazepam to individuals known to be addiction-prone or to those whose history suggests they may increase the dosage on their own initiative. It is desirable to limit repeated prescriptions without adequate medical supervision.
1. Study design and setting 44 patients undergoing arthroscopic knee surgery under general anesthesia, gender, aged 18-65 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-III. Exclusion criteria: MMSE of 1 day before surgery \< 27, communication and dysfunction (e.g., vision, hearing), cerebrovascular history, local anesthetic allergy, opioid allergy, puncture site infection, abnormal clotting.
2. Subjects Patients were allocated randomly to A group (the high fascia iliaca compartment block group) and B group (the femoral nerve block combined with sciatic nerve block group) according to a computer-generated random number table. All patients and an investigator who was responsible for follow-up during 48 postoperative hours were blinded to the randomization groups. In addition, during preoperative visits, the investigators instructed patients on how to use the patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCA) device for pain management, as well as how to use the visual analog scale to evaluate pain at rest and while coughing. All the bispectral index (BIS) value in the present study was maintained between 40 and 60 during surgery. All patients voluntarily signed informed consent.
3. General anesthesia Patients were monitored by electrocardiogram, pulse oximetry, and non-invasive blood pressure (one measurement every 3 min) while entering the operation room. A radial artery catheter was also placed for invasive arterial pressure and blood gas monitoring. The induction of general anesthesia was performed intravenously with sufentanil 0.5 µg/kg, propofol 1-2 mg/kg, and rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg. Endotracheal intubation was performed with a double-lumen tube. Sevoflurane was used at a minimal alveolar concentration (MAC) of 0.8-1, remifentanil and propofol were used for the maintenance. Fluid management was at the discretion of the attending anaesthesiologist.
The subjects of this study came from newborn babies in the nursery of a teaching hospital in the northern region. The research design was reviewed and approved by the Human Trials Committee. Can freely choose whether to participate in the research project or withdraw, willing participants to inform the research project and fill in the consent form and basic information form, inform that they can withdraw at any time during the research period, and divide the participating infants into the experimental group and the control group through a random allocation form , after the newborn arrives in the baby room, the nursing staff will evaluate the newborn, and then perform an oil bath with baby oil to remove the fetal fat on the body, and then follow the newborn bathing procedure of our hospital. Wash the whole body with water, about 1-2 hours after birth; the control group took the first bath as usual; the experimental group postponed the last step of washing the whole body after washing the face and head to 8 hours after birth , personnel must wear gloves to take care of newborns before bathing. The bathing process was performed by nurses in the baby room. Body temperature was measured 10 minutes before, immediately after, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes after bathing, and the exclusive breastfeeding situation at the time of discharge was counted. After all measurements are completed, a 100 yuan supermarket coupon will be given.
Patients in the usual care arm will not complete KCCQ-12 assessments in the electronic health record with clinic visits. They will complete a KCCQ-12 assessment at baseline that will not be available to the treating clinician.
Cohorts of at least 3 participants each will be treated with escalating doses of sEphB4-HAS at 25mg, 50 mg, 75mg, 100 mg, and 125 mg administered intravesically over 2 hours once a week for 6 consecutive weeks to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase II dosing (RP2D). Cycle repeats every 6 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Esophageal cancer remains a disease with a poor prognosis. In the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), multidisciplinary treatment including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy is important. Chemotherapy is an effective treatment for esophageal cancer, but some patients do not respond to it. Non-response to chemotherapy can result in disease progression, loss of patient fitness, and even the opportunity to receive other treatments that might have originally had a therapeutic effect. If there are biomarkers that could indicate the efficacy of chemotherapy before treatment, ineffective patients would be able to change their treatment plan. Patients on preoperative chemotherapy would be able to avoid unnecessary chemotherapy and undergo surgery without the effects of physical weakness and side effects. On the other hand, patients on definitive chemotherapy may choose to intensify their treatment with additional radiation therapy or immunotherapy. The investigators aim to develop a model to predict the response to chemotherapy by DNA methylation of preoperative biopsy specimens to identify the chemotherapy ineffective
Circulating tumor cell separation has been the focus of numerous studies owing to its importance in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of cancer. This study reports a highly efficient microfluidic device that integrates a specialized dielectrophoresis configuration, namely the facing-electrode configuration dielectrophoresis (FEC-DEP) structure, to isolate circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from various blood components, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The FEC-DEP design features a bottom-slanted electrode array positioned parallel to a basic rectangular top electrode. A non-homogeneous electric field is produced between these parallel electrodes, generating dielectrophoretic forces acting on cells. Consequently, when the FEC-DEP is integrated into a flow, it can direct various biological objects in the flow along separate trajectories. As a result, cells with comparable characteristics might move together within a similar path. This configuration may simplify the microfabrication process and lessen dependency on particle position within the microchannel. The separation process was numerically analyzed using the finite element method, and device parameters were optimized to obtain high-efficiency and high-purity cell separation. The simulations show that the microfluidic device may effectively enrich tumor cells in a label-free and non-invasive manner, with a high-efficiency rate of almost 80%.
This study aimed to assess the feasibility of utilizing a surgical guide, designed through digital medical technology, in lateral orbital decompression surgery. METHODS: In total, 18 patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), who underwent orbital balance decompression surgery at the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University between September 2018 and August 2022, were included. Orbital CT scanning was performed on all patients with TAO, and Mimics 21.0 software was used to reconstruct a three-dimensional model of the orbit based on the CT data. The osteotomy guide plate for lateral orbital decompression surgery was designed using 3-matic 13.0 software, adhering to the criteria of surgical effectiveness and safety. The surgical positioning guide was designed using Geomagic Wrap 21.0. Once printed, the surgical guide was sterilized with low-temperature plasma and applied during surgery. Of the nine patients treated using a surgical navigation system, three cases experienced cerebrospinal fluid leakage complications during the procedure, and two exhibited inadequate bone removal along the lateral wall. In contrast, among the nine patients treated with surgical guides, no intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage or evidence of insufficient lateral wall bone removal was observed, highlighting a statistically significant distinction between the two cohorts (p = 0.046). Postoperative improvements were notable in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and exophthalmos for patients afflicted with extremely severe TAO. The surgical guide, designed with digital medical technology, has been shown to be an effective and secure auxiliary tool in lateral orbital decompression surgery. It not only aids in reducing the incidence of intraoperative complications, but also enhances the accuracy and safety of surgery. These improvements offer robust support for continued exploration in this field within clinical practice.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject pharmaceutical preparation that can increase the concentration of the medicine at the target site with suppression of systemic side effect and retain the medicinal effect for a long period of time to alleviate the burden of the patients by constituting the preparation with microcapsules containing a specific polymer and the pharmaceutical(s). SOLUTION: The objective preparation is obtained by mixing (A) an in vivo degradable and biocompatible polymer with (B) pharmaceutical(s) and converting the mixture to microcapsules preferably with a particle size of 5-530 μm on the average. This microcapsule is a particle prepared by coating the surface of the component B with the component A or a particle in which the component B is dispersed in a dissolved state or crystalline state in the carrier of the component A. The contents of these components in the preparation are 20-99 wt.% (A) and 1-80 wt.% (B), respectively. The component A is, for example, a homopolymer or copolymer of lactic acid, glycolic acid, amino acids and the like. The component B is steroidal preparations, antirheumatic agents, immunosuppressive agents and the like.
PCT No. PCT/JP93/01442 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 8, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 8, 1994 PCT Filed Oct. 6, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/08709 PCT Pub. Date Apr. 28, 1994The present invention relates to a method for producing a microgranulated particle having particle size of not more than 0.2 mm, wherein a fine powder with the average particle size of not more than 10  mu m, which is being agitated, tumbled or fluidized, is granulated, with a solution containing a binder alone or a binder and a surfactant being sprayed onto the surface thereof. The present invention allows to produce pharmaceutical preparations for poorly soluble and poorly absorbable drugs and preparations requiring a high content of the active ingredient. Also, it can provide an easy-to-handle powdery microgranulated particle in the field of food and fertilizers.
METHODS: This qualitative interview study was part of a larger study that interviewed19 participants recruited among patients with cancer registered with Samoa Cancer Society, or patients recently discharged from the main tertiary hospital in Samoa. Interview transcripts were reviewed, and the research team identified the key palliative-care-related themes.
RESULTS: Analysis led to the generation of the following key themes: living with pain; resource constraints; support from family and faith; and interactions with healthcare professionals. Most participants were experiencing unresolved pain as a result of poor health knowledge, lack of access to medications and practical issues, such as financial limitations and lack of transport. Participants also reported a lack of resources, including financial constraints, as a significant barrier to effective healthcare. Sources of support for patients with cancer were most commonly strong family relationships and religious faith. Although it was difficult for the participants to access care from healthcare professionals, they found that honest communication about their condition was comforting. However, they were frustrated if they felt communication was unsatisfactory.
CONCLUSION: This study provides much needed evidence on the issues that affect the quality of life patients with cancer receiving palliative care and their families in Samoa. It also highlights the intersectionality of these issues and how this compounds the patient experience. Practical recommendations for improving palliative care lie in a few key areas, including a need for improved access to opioids and support for family caregivers. However, from a systemic perspective, the way forward should lie in harnessing the strengths of Samoan culture, including the strong sense of family and the role of religion, to provide support and care for palliative patients.
Ketoconazole foam, 2% should be applied to the affected area(s) twice daily for four weeks. 

Hold the container upright, and dispense ketoconazole foam, 2% into the cap of the can or other cool surface in an amount sufficient to cover the affected area(s). Dispensing directly onto hands is not recommended, as the foam will begin to melt immediately upon contact with warm skin. Pick up small amounts of ketoconazole foam, 2% with the fingertips, and gently massage into the affected area(s) until the foam disappears. For hair-bearing areas, part the hair, so that ketoconazole foam, 2% may be applied directly to the skin (rather than on the hair). 

Avoid contact with the eyes and other mucous membranes. Ketoconazole foam, 2% is not for ophthalmic, oral or intravaginal use.
Because of the atropine-like action of the amitriptyline component, great care should be used in treating patients with a history of urinary retention or angle-closure glaucoma. In patients with glaucoma, even average doses may precipitate an attack. Severe constipation may occur in patients taking tricyclic antidepressants in combination with anticholinergic-type drugs.

Patients with cardiovascular disorders should be watched closely. Tricyclic antidepressant drugs, particularly when given in high doses, have been reported to produce arrhythmias, sinus tachycardia and prolongation of conduction time. Myocardial infarction and stroke have been reported in patients receiving drugs of this class.

Because of the sedative effects of chlordiazepoxide and amitriptyline hydrochloride tablets, patients should be cautioned about combined effects with alcohol or other CNS depressants. The additive effects may produce a harmful level of sedation and CNS depression.

Patients receiving chlordiazepoxide and amitriptyline hydrochloride tablets should be cautioned against engaging in hazardous occupations requiring complete mental alertness, such as operating machinery or driving a motor vehicle.
Patients were diagnosed upon entry into CHAMPS with CIS demyelinating event with MRI lesions consistent with MS. Patients are eligible regardless of whether they have converted to Clinically Definite Multiple Sclerosis (CDMS) or not. Patients will be waiving written informed consent and asked to provide concomitant medication, self-reported EDSS, and SF-36 only.
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignancy that presents challenges in patient care worldwide. The mismatch repair (MMR) system is a highly conserved DNA repair mechanism that protects genome integrity during replication. Deficient MMR (dMMR) results in an increased accumulation of genetic errors in microsatellite sequences, leading to the development of a microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) phenotype. Most MSI-H/dMMR GCs arise sporadically, mainly due to MutL homolog 1 (MLH1) epigenetic silencing. Unlike microsatellite-stable (MSS)/proficient MMR (pMMR) GCs, MSI-H/dMMR GCs are relatively rare and represent a distinct subtype with genomic instability, a high somatic mutational burden, favorable immunogenicity, different responses to treatment, and prognosis. dMMR/MSI-H status is a robust predictive biomarker for treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) due to high neoantigen load, prominent tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) overexpression. However, a subset of MSI-H/dMMR GC patients does not benefit from immunotherapy, highlighting the need for further research into predictive biomarkers and resistance mechanisms. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical, molecular, immunogenic, and therapeutic aspects of MSI-H/dMMR GC, with a focus on the impact of ICIs in immunotherapy and their potential as neoadjuvant therapies. Understanding the complexity and diversity of the molecular and immunological profiles of MSI-H/dMMR GC will drive the development of more effective therapeutic strategies and molecular targets for future precision medicine.