anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) and recurrences (rCDIs) remain a major public health challenge due to substantial mortality and associated costs. This study aims to generate real-world evidence on the mortality and economic burden of CDI in Germany using claims data between 2015 and 2019.
METHODS: A longitudinal and matched cohort study using retrospective data from Statutory Health Insurance (SHI) was conducted in Germany with the BKK database. Adults diagnosed with CDI in hospital and community settings between 2015 and 2018 were included in the study. Patients had a minimum follow-up of 12-months. All-cause mortality was described at 6-, 12-, and 24-months. Healthcare resource usage (HCRU) and associated costs were assessed at 12-months of follow-up. A cohort of non-CDI patients matched by demographic and clinical characteristics was used to assess excess mortality and incremental costs of HCRU. Up to three non-CDI patients were matched to each CDI patient.
RESULTS: A total of 9,977 CDI patients were included in the longitudinal cohort. All-cause mortality was 32%, 39% and 48% at 6-, 12-, and 24-months, respectively, with minor variations by number of rCDIs. When comparing matched CDI (n = 5,618) and non-CDI patients (n = 16,845), CDI patients had an excess mortality of 2.17, 1.35, and 0.94 deaths per 100 patient-months, respectively. HCRU and associated costs were consistently higher in CDI patients compared to non-CDI patients and increased with recurrences. Total mean and median HCRU cost per patient during follow-up was €12,893.56 and €6,050 in CDI patients, respectively, with hospitalisations representing the highest proportion of costs. A total mean incremental cost per patient of €4,101 was estimated in CDI patients compared to non-CDI patients, increasing to €13,291 in patients with ≥ 3 rCDIs.
CONCLUSIONS: In this real-world study conducted in Germany, CDI was associated with increased risk of death and substantial costs to health systems due to higher HCRU, especially hospitalisations. HCRU and associated costs were exacerbated by rCDIs.
An advanced primary nurse care system and process is disclosed which is client-driven for processing a number of clients in a timely manner with enhanced healthcare outcomes. The system and process are sized to provide an optimum patient flow and healthcare. The system includes a computer network having a central system computer. A computer program resides on the system computer for creating a real-time client record as the client proceeds through the system and process. There is a client station connected in the computer network where the client record is initially created and accessed on subsequent visits using a unique client ID code. A client station display monitor displays medical questions regarding the client's health state whereupon the client inputs responses to the questions into the client record. A nurse station is connected in the computer network for receiving the client in the healthcare flow for collecting vital signs and other laboratory information. There is a nurse station input device provided for inputting the information into the client record. There is a practitioner station connected in the computer network where the client record is accessed and displayed to a medical practitioner and the client during an examination and consultation. Exam data originating at the practitioner station is input into the client record such as prescriptions and alternative remedies. At the end of the visit, the client leaves with a take-home report compiled from the real-time client record containing the information needed for the client's healthcare.
DFNB61 is a recessively inherited nonsyndromic hearing loss caused by mutations in SLC26A5, the gene that encodes the voltage-driven motor protein, prestin. Prestin is abundantly expressed in the auditory outer hair cells that mediate cochlear amplification. Two DFNB61-associated SLC26A5 variants, p.W70X and p.R130S, were identified in patients who are compound heterozygous for these nonsense and missense changes (SLC26A5W70X/R130S ). Our recent study showed that mice homozygous for p.R130S (Slc26a5R130S/R130S ) suffer from hearing loss that is ascribed to significantly reduced motor kinetics of prestin. Given that W70X-prestin is nonfunctional, compound heterozygous Slc26a5R130S/- mice were used as a model for human SLC26A5W70X/R130S . By examining the pathophysiological consequences of p.R130S prestin when it is the sole allele for prestin protein production, we determined that this missense change results in progressive outer hair cell loss in addition to its effects on prestin's motor action. Thus, this study defines the pathogenic roles of p.R130S prestin and identifies a limited time window for potential clinical intervention. KEY POINTS: The voltage-driven motor protein, prestin, is encoded by SLC26A5 and expressed abundantly in cochlear outer hair cells (OHCs). The importance of prestin for normal hearing was demonstrated in mice lacking prestin; however, none of the specific SLC26A5 variants identified to date in human patients has been experimentally demonstrated to be pathogenic. In this study we used both cell lines and a mouse model to define the pathogenic role of compound heterozygous p.W70X (c.209G>A) and p.R130S (c.390A>C) SLC26A5 variants identified in patients with moderate to profound hearing loss. As in patients, mice carrying one copy of p.R130S Slc26a5 showed OHC dysfunction and progressive degeneration, which results in congenital progressive hearing loss. This is the first functional study reporting pathogenic SLC26A5 variants and pointing to the presence of a therapeutic time window for potential clinical interventions targeting the affected OHCs before they are lost.
Participants in the antenatal milk expression (AME) group will learn hand-expression from a certified lactation consultant beginning at 37 weeks of pregnancy. At the same visit, the PI or RA will also provide oral and written instructions for AME at home, specifically instructing participants to do AME 1-2 times per day for no longer than 10 minutes.
There is no body of evidence available from controlled trials to indicate how long patients with major depressive disorder should be treated with Venlafaxine Extended-Release Tablets.

It is generally agreed that acute episodes of major depressive disorder require several months or longer of sustained pharmacological therapy beyond response to the acute episode. In one study, in which patients responding during 8 weeks of acute treatment with venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release capsules were assigned randomly to placebo or to the same dose of venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release capsules (75, 150, or 225 mg/day, qAM) during 26 weeks of maintenance treatment as they had received during the acute stabilization phase, longer-term efficacy was demonstrated. A second longer-term study has demonstrated the efficacy of venlafaxine hydrochloride immediate-release tablets in maintaining a response in patients with recurrent major depressive disorder who had responded and continued to be improved during an initial 26 weeks of treatment and were then randomly assigned to placebo or venlafaxine hydrochloride immediate-release tablets for periods of up to 52 weeks on the same dose (100 to 200 mg/day, on a b.i.d. schedule) [see Clinical Studies (14)]. Based on these limited data, it is not known whether or not the dose of Venlafaxine Extended-Release Tablets needed for maintenance treatment is identical to the dose needed to achieve an initial response. Patients should be periodically reassessed to determine the need for maintenance treatment and the appropriate dose for such treatment.
Disclosed is a method for determining whether a first proteins capable of physically interacting with a second protein. The method involves: (a) providing a host cell which contains (i) a reporter gene operably linked to a protein binding site; (ii) a first fusion gene which expresses a first fusion protein, the first fusion protein including the first protein covalently bonded to a binding moiety which is capable of specifically binding to the protein binding site; and (iii) a second fusion gene which expresses a second fusions protein, the second fusion protein including the second protein covalently bonded t a weak gene activating moiety; and (b) measuring expression of the reporter gene as a measure of an interaction between the first and the second proteins. Such a determination facilitated the isolation of the gene encoding the interacting protein. Also disclosed herein is recombinant Cdil polypeptide, nucleic acid encoding the Cdil polypeptide, and uses thereof.Disclosed is a method for determining whether a first proteins capable of physically interacting with a second protein. The method involves: (a) providing a host cell which contains (i) a reporter gene operably linked to a protein binding site; (ii) a first fusion gene which expresses a first fusion protein, the first fusion protein including the first protein covalently bonded to a binding moiety which is capable of specifically binding to the protein binding site; and (iii) a second fusion gene which expresses a second fusions protein, the second fusion protein including the second protein covalently bonded t a weak gene activating moiety; and (b) measuring expression of the reporter gene as a measure of an interaction between the first and the second proteins. Such a determination facilitated the isolation of the gene encoding the interacting protein. Also disclosed herein is recombinant Cdil polypeptide, nucleic acid encoding the Cdil polypeptide, and uses thereof.
premenstrual syndrome can be defined as a recurrent disorder that occurs every month in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, and subside with the onset of menstruation. It is characterized by a complex set of symptoms, which include physical, psychological and behavioral changes with varying severity. This can interfere with the lives of females. Physical exercise improves PMS through rising endorphin levels, reducing adrenal cortisol symptoms, leading to lesser anxiety, depression and greater pain tolerance, as previous studies showed that it was effective in decreasing pain as well as mental and physical symptoms of PMS. Recently, lifestyle changes have gained more importance than pharmacotherapy. Lifestyle changes include many methods including diet regulation and exercise. 30 minutes of aerobic exercise is recommended for at least 3 days per week to contribute to the regulation of both body composition, mood and to improve physical symptoms. Evidence suggests that it can be helpful in reducing symptoms.
Patients receive tegafur-uracil(UFT) plus folinate calcium(leucovorin) orally every 8 hours for 21 days with a subsequent pause of 7 days. This repeats 5 times every 5 weeks.
Participants first receive placebo once a day for 12 weeks. Then after a 4 week washout, they receive zagociguat 15 mg once a day for 12 weeks.
We present the case of a 37-year-old woman who underwent bilateral penetrating keratoplasty for congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy at the age of 10 years. Over the subsequent 27 years, the patient's vision slowly deteriorated. Our examination revealed decompensation of the right corneal graft. We addressed this with regraft surgery. We then learned that the patient had been suffering from progressive hearing loss since adolescence. Tonal audiometry revealed hearing per ceptive deafness of 25 dB, which was more prominent in the left ear. Because the patterns of progressive sensorineural hearing loss and congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy have both been linked to the same gene, slc4a11, we tested our patient for mutations in this gene. The test was positive for a heterozygous slc4a11 gene fifth exon mutation on chromosome 20p13-p12, which causes a frameshift. A combined clinical and genetic evaluation confirmed a diagnosis of Harboyan syndrome. After the genetic diagnosis of the disease, she was evaluated for the need for a hearing aid due to her hearing loss. The patient was also informed about genetic counseling.
The invention relates to a contrast agent suitable for ex vivo imaging, in particular of vascular and tubular structures, and to an isolated contrast agentA method of volumetric imaging. The contrast agent is a polymer comprising a monomer M. The monomer comprises a backbone having 2 to 6 units, wherein at least one unit is-CH (R) -or-N (R) -. R is-E-H, -L- (NH)  2  )  m  A moiety or a moiety of formula 1, e, L, R therein  1  And R  2  As defined herein. The monomer comprises at least one-I to allow detection by X-rays, and at least one-NH  2  To allow crosslinking. In addition, the monomers include polar functional groups that contribute to water solubility. To avoid extravasation and glomerular filtration, the polymer is pre-crosslinked before the tissue, organ or vasculature of the entire animal is perfused. After perfusion, the pre-crosslinked contrast agent is further crosslinked to be permanently retained within the tissue, organ, or animal.
Systems and methods for generating thin slice images from thick slice images are disclosed herein. In some examples, a deep learning system may calculate a residual from a thick slice image and add the residual to the thick slice image to generate a thin slice image. In some examples, the deep learning system includes a neural network. In some examples, the neural network may include one or more levels, where one or more of the levels include one or more blocks. In some examples, each level includes a convolution block and a non-linear activation function block. The levels of the neural network may be in a cascaded arrangement in some examples.
Acute pancreatitis(AP) runs a severe course in around 20% of patients and is associated with a mortality up to 30%. Intra-abdominal hypertension(IAH）is a common complication of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP). The inflammation of the pancreas starts a cascade of pancreatic and visceral edema, acute peripancreatic fluid collections, capillary leakage causing ascites, paralytic ileus, and gastric dilatation by upper gastrointestinal tract obstruction leading to an elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). A sustained or repeated pathological elevation in IAP ≥12 mmHg is defined as IAH, it generally occurs often within the first week after onset of SAP. Persistent and serious IAH (IAP \>20 mmHg ) often leads to new onset organ failure or acute worsening of existing organ failure, which is defined as ACS and associated with a mortality rate of 49%.

In the past practice, many patients with ACS undergo decompressive laparotomy, which obviously has a risk of complications. Therefore, numerous medical, nonmedical, and minimally invasive therapies have been introduced. Neostigmine is an anti-cholinesterase drugs, can enhance intestinal peristalsis, promote flatus defecation. World Society for Abdominal Compartment Syndrome (WSACS)guidelines,suggest that neostigmine be used for the treatment of established colonic ileus not responding to other simple measures and associated with IAH.However, no data exist on the effects of pharmacologic promotility therapy on IAP or outcomes among those with IAH/ACS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of neostigmine on reducing IAP in AP patients with IAH.
PURPOSE: This article explored the causal relationship between immune cells and diabetic retinopathy (DR) using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as an instrumental variable and Mendelian randomization (MR).
METHODS: Statistical data were collected from a publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS), and SNPs that were significantly associated with immune cells were used as instrumental variables (IVs). Inverse variance weighted (IVW) and MR-Egger regression were used for MR analysis. A sensitivity analysis was used to test the heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy, and stability of the results.
RESULTS: We investigated the causal relationship between 731 immune cells and DR risk. All the GWAS data were obtained from European populations and from men and women. The IVW analysis revealed that HLA DR on CD14+ CD16- monocytes, HLA DR on CD14+ monocytes, HLA DR on CD33-HLA DR+, HLA DR on CD33+ HLA DR+ CD14- on CD33+ HLA DR+ CD14dim, and HLA DR on myeloid dendritic cells may increase the risk of DR (P<0.05). HLA DR to CD14-CD16- cells, the monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell absolute count, the SSC-A count of CD4+ T cells, and terminally differentiated CD4+ T cells may be protective factors against DR (P<0.05). The sensitivity analysis indicated no heterogeneity or pleiotropy among the selected SNPs. Furthermore, gene annotation of the SNPs revealed significant associations with 10 genes related to the risk of developing PDR and potential connections with 12 other genes related to PDR.
CONCLUSION: Monocytes and T cells may serve as new biomarkers or therapeutic targets, leading to the development of new treatment options for managing DR.
The first-line management of cervical dystonia (CD) symptoms is intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA). However, a comparison of safety among BoNTAs is difficult because, per regulatory authorities, units of BoNTA activity are not interchangeable. Dysphagia and muscle weakness are widely considered two key adverse events to monitor closely in the treatment of CD. This integrated analysis compared the safety of BoNTAs approved for CD in the US by evaluating relationships between the incidence of dysphagia and muscle weakness in prescribing information and the core neurotoxin content. Coefficients The coefficients of determination (R2) and trendlines were estimated via regression-based lines of best fit. Adverse drug reaction (ADR) rates were strongly correlated with core neurotoxin amounts for conventional BoNTAs (slope coefficients: dysphagia = 0.048, R2 = 0.74; muscle weakness = 0.096, R2 = 0.82). The published ADR rates at approved doses for conventional BoNTAs were higher compared with DaxibotulinumtoxinA (DAXI; DAXXIFY®, Revance Therapeutics, Inc., Nashville, TN, USA) by core neurotoxin content. The use of a core neurotoxin amount was found to be an effective method for comparing the safety of BoNTA products. Current clinical trials suggest that DAXI, a novel BoNTA formulation, provides a potentially wider safety margin compared with other approved BoNTAs for CD. The lower amount of core neurotoxin administered at approved doses compared with conventional BoNTAs may explain low on-target ADRs like muscle weakness, whereas reduced diffusion from the injection site is thought to be responsible for low off-target ADRs like dysphagia.
BACKGROUND: Anorectal malformations (ARMs) have an incidence of up to 1 in 4000 live births and can require immediate neonatal surgery due to associated intestinal blockage. Due to limited surgical access, Ugandan children present late and undergo three separate staged operations: (1) initial colostomy formation; (2) repair of the ARM (called anoplasty); and (3) colostomy closure. Three operations result in long treatment duration, potential complications with each procedure, delays in care, and stigmata associated with colostomies. By offering primary repair for ARMs in a resource-limited setting, we expect to: reduce healthcare expenditure by families, length of treatment, length of hospital stay, frequency of hospital visits, and social rejection.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A pragmatic clinical trial was performed examining the effectiveness of primary repair (prospective arm) and comparing it with the three-stage repairs (retrospective arm).
RESULTS: Of the 241 patients included for analysis-157 patients had a three-stage repair, whereas 84 patients had one- or two-stage repair. The median [IQR age at the last surgery (days) was 730.0 (365.0, 1460.0) vs 180.0 (90.0, 285.0)] in three-stage and one- or two-stage repairs, respectively. There was no difference in postoperative complications compared to patients who had three-stage repair. Patients who had a two-stage repair had less time with colostomy than those with three-stage repair. Non-inferiority analysis demonstrated that the primary repair approach was non-inferior to the three-stage approach.
CONCLUSIONS: Primary repair for ARM is effective in low-income settings. It allows for less time with colostomy with no difference in post-operative complications. The decision on approach for treatment depends on the surgeon's experience and clinical judgment.
The investigator's propose a multicenter prospective observational study to investigate the use of embolization in patients with negative angiogram and to ascertain the optimal level of treatment when the angiogram is positive; non-selective vs. selective embolization. The investigator's will divide patients into groups based on positive or negative angiogram. Within each group the investigator's will compare those embolized and level of embolization. All blunt trauma patients undergoing angiography for pelvic fracture associated hemorrhage will be eligible for the study. Demographic, physiologic, operative, and post-operative data will be collected including blood product resuscitation, classification and management of pelvic fracture, associated injuries, angiographic details, complications, outcomes and overall injury burden. The study population will be stratified based on presence of arterial hemorrhage on initial angiogram (positive or negative angiogram) and then further stratified based on performance of embolization. NSE will be defined as embolization of the main internal iliac artery, either unilaterally or bilaterally and SE as any embolization distal to the main internal iliac artery. Bivariable and multivariable analyses will be performed to determine differences in pelvic hemorrhage as measured by transfusion necessity and quantity of products required, complications and to identify independent risk factors for outcome variables. A power analysis was performed based off of thromboembolic complication difference in selective vs. non selective embolization and then again with blood transfusion requirement difference in embolized vs. not embolized for those who have no evidence of arterial bleeding on angiogram (IE the two questions the investigator's are trying to answer).The investigator's plan to complete the data collection and analysis by 1/1/2019.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) is a widespread liver disorder characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver, commonly associated with metabolic syndrome components such as obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. With a global prevalence of up to 30%, MASLD is projected to affect over 100 million people in the U.S. and 20 million in Europe by 2030. The disease ranges from Steatotic Lived Disease (SLD) to more severe forms like metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), which can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Autophagy, a cellular process crucial for lipid metabolism and homeostasis, is often impaired in MASLD, leading to increased hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation. Key autophagy-related proteins, such as Beclin1, LC3A, SQSTM1 (p62), CD36, and Perilipin 3, play significant roles in regulating this process. Disruption in these proteins contributes to the pathogenesis of MASLD. Quercetin, a natural polyphenolic flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has promising results in mitigating MASLD. It may reduce hepatic lipid accumulation, improve mitochondrial function, and enhance autophagy. However, further research is needed to elucidate its mechanisms and validate its therapeutic potential in clinical settings. This underscores the need for continued investigation into autophagy and novel treatments for MASLD.