anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
IntroductionRespiratory sentinel surveillance systems leveraging computerised medical records (CMR) use phenotyping algorithms to identify cases of interest, such as acute respiratory infection (ARI). The Oxford-Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) is the English primary care-based sentinel surveillance network.AimThis study describes and validates the RSC's new ARI phenotyping algorithm.MethodsWe developed the phenotyping algorithm using a framework aligned with international interoperability standards. We validated our algorithm by comparing ARI events identified during the 2022/23 influenza season in England through use of both old and new algorithms. We compared clinical codes commonly used for recording ARI.ResultsThe new algorithm identified an additional 860,039 cases and excluded 52,258, resulting in a net increase of 807,781 cases (33.84%) of ARI compared to the old algorithm, with totals of 3,194,224 cases versus 2,386,443 cases. Of the 860,039 newly identified cases, the majority (63.7%) were due to identification of symptom codes suggestive of an ARI diagnosis not detected by the old algorithm. The 52,258 cases incorrectly identified by the old algorithm were due to inadvertent identification of chronic, recurrent, non-infectious and other non-ARI disease.ConclusionWe developed a new ARI phenotyping algorithm that more accurately identifies cases of ARI from the CMR. This will benefit public health by providing more accurate surveillance reports to public health authorities. This new algorithm can serve as a blueprint for other CMR-based surveillance systems wishing to develop similar phenotyping algorithms.
Due to the high risks of postoperative complications brought on by gastric cancer, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as a commonly used therapy, has exerted its vital role in postoperative recovery care. In this sense, this meta-analysis was conducted to explore the related documents about TCM's impact on gastric cancer postoperative recovery. During the research, we explored a total of 1549 results from databases PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science (WoS). Thirty-two clinical randomized trials (RCTs) were then selected and analysed for this meta-analysis by using the software RevMan 5.4 (under PRISMA 2020 regulations), with a population of 3178 patients. Data prove that TCM therapy reduced the risks for postoperative complications exposure by an estimated average of 19% (95% CI). Among the complications, TCM therapy suppressed the risks of wound infection and incisional infections by 53% and 48% respectively. Meanwhile, the patient's wound healing duration exhibited a significant reduction compared to those without TCM treatment, with a difference at around 0.74 days (95% CI). TCM also exerted its potential to strengthen the patient's immune and health conditions, leading to a significantly promoted gastrointestinal function in the patients with a shorter duration to release first exhaustion and defecation compared to those with no TCM therapy. In addition, similar promoted phenomena also exist in those patients with TCM therapy in terms of their immunity and nutritional conditions. These facts all indicate a positive impact of TCM therapy in clinical applications.
Provided are controllers, methods and systems for monitoring cardiac data for the presence of arrhythmia. A controller as provided comprises input means arranged to receive first cardiac data corresponding to a time period, processing means and output means. The processing means is arranged to identify, within the first cardiac data, a plurality of events corresponding to ventricular contraction, and a time associated with each event; determine a plurality of intervals between the times associated with chronologically successive events; and produce second cardiac data in dependence on the determined intervals. The output means is arranged to transmit an output signal to a display means based on the second cardiac data, for displaying a beat-to-beat display plot corresponding to at least a part of the time period on the display means. A system as provided may comprise such a controller and a display means for displaying the beat-to-beat display plot corresponding to at least a part of the time period. Also provided are methods of analysing and monitoring cardiac data for the presence of arrhythmia, and non-transitory, computer-readable storage media which store instructions thereon that when executed by one or more processors causes the one or more processors to carry out such a method.
Pleasure in music has been linked to predictive coding of melodic and rhythmic patterns, subserved by connectivity between regions in the brain's auditory and reward networks. Specific musical anhedonics derive little pleasure from music and have altered auditory-reward connectivity, but no difficulties with music perception abilities and no generalized physical anhedonia. Recent research suggests that specific musical anhedonics experience pleasure in nonmusical sounds, suggesting that the implicated brain pathways may be specific to music reward. However, this work used sounds with clear real-world sources (e.g., babies laughing, crowds cheering), so positive hedonic responses could be based on the referents of these sounds rather than the sounds themselves. We presented specific musical anhedonics and matched controls with isolated short pleasing and displeasing synthesized sounds of varying timbres with no clear real-world referents. While the two groups found displeasing sounds equally displeasing, the musical anhedonics gave substantially lower pleasure ratings to the pleasing sounds, indicating that their sonic anhedonia is not limited to musical rhythms and melodies. Furthermore, across a large sample of participants, mean pleasure ratings for pleasing synthesized sounds predicted significant and similar variance in six dimensions of musical reward considered to be relatively independent, suggesting that pleasure in sonic timbres play a role in eliciting reward-related responses to music. We replicate the earlier findings of preserved pleasure ratings for semantically referential sounds in musical anhedonics and find that pleasure ratings of semantic referents, when presented without sounds, correlated with ratings for the sounds themselves. This association was stronger in musical anhedonics than in controls, suggesting the use of semantic knowledge as a compensatory mechanism for affective sound processing. Our results indicate that specific musical anhedonia is not entirely specific to melodic and rhythmic processing, and suggest that timbre merits further research as a source of pleasure in music.
Participants will receive a Hasbro Joy for All robotic pet. These are low cost (\< $150), life-like cats and dogs that respond to human interaction by making sounds or turning their head for eye contact. The robot companion pets are designed as supports for older people with cognitive impairment. In this trial, the older person can treat it like a pet or ignore it. Family caregivers will report on engagement with the pet and effects on mood.
Primary outcome measure is Percentage of participants achieving ≥ 90% improvement (reduction) in PASI score compared to Baseline. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) 90 response is defined as ≥ 90% improvement (reduction) in score compared to Baseline. It is a composite score where 0=no symptoms, 1=slight, 2=moderate, 3=marked, 4=very marked. Score ranges from 0 to 72, where 0 indicates no psoriasis and 72 indicates very severe psoriasis. Primary analysis was planned to be performed comparing treatments with respect to the primary efficacy variable in a logistic regression model. It was planned to present the Odds Ratio and its 95%-confidence interval and p-value. Planned null hypothesis to be rejected was that the Odds Ratio of a PASI90 response for patients with secukinumab vs. patients with placebo is ≥1 after 12 weeks. Due to premature termination and limited number of treated patients with available data (7 in the secukinumab group and 3 in the placebo group), the extent of the originally planned statistical analyses of efficacy data was limited to descriptive summaries (absolute values per visit and changes from baseline; presented as mean and SD) for the score.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize the formation of a sheet-like pack, at the use of which no tacky surface develops and neither tearing of a coating to pieces nor portion left untorn develops at tearing-off by a method wherein a nonwoven fabric consisting of a water repellent layer and a hydrophilic layer, on which a decorative material layer is provided retainably, are employed on a sheet-like pack base material used for a sheet-like pack. SOLUTION: A sheet-like pack base material 1 made of a nonwoven fabric consisting of a water repellent layer 2 and a hydrophilic layer 3. Preferably, the water repellent layer 2 is mainly made of polyester fiber or the like while the hydrophilic layer 3 is formed retainable with a decorative material layer made of decorative material. When the decorative material is applied onto the hydrophilic layer 3, some part of the decorative material infiltrates within the hydrophilic layer 3 and, at the same time, the decorative material layer is formed on the hydrophilic layer 3. At the retention of the decorative material layer 3, the interfacial separating force between the decorative material layer and the nonwoven fabric is set to be higher than the break strength of the decorative material layer.  As a result, at the tearing-off of the sheet-like pack from skin, the tearing of a coating to pieces and its portion left untorn on the surface of skin can be prevented from occurring.
We have read with keen interest the original article by Kettana et al., which investigates the potential cardioprotective effects of rosuvastatin in HER2-positive breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. We appreciate the study's meticulous methodology and its contribution to medicine oncology. However, we suggest a cautious interpretation of the results due to unmeasured confounding variables that could influence cardiotoxicity development and treatment efficacy. The study's fixed dosing approach to rosuvastatin precludes the assessment of dose-dependent effects, prompting a recommendation for future dose-response analyses. We also highlight the need to incorporate patient-reported outcomes for a more holistic treatment efficacy evaluation. Furthermore, we propose metabolomic analysis to uncover the drug's mechanisms of action and computational methods like molecular docking to predict its potential targets, which could refine drug design and inform personalized treatment strategies. Our commentary aims to refine the study's conclusions and encourage research that maximizes the understanding and clinical management of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity.
The initial physiotherapy consultation for participants in this group will last 75 minutes, with 30 minutes for the exercise component and 45 minutes for the diet component. Thereafter, consultations will last 50 minutes, with 20 minutes for the exercise component and 30 minutes for the diet component. The exercise component will be the same as that described for the exercise alone group.
The invention relates to a medicine composition for treating haemorrhoids and a preparation method thereof. The medicine composition is characterized by consisting of following medicines, by weight: 10-30 parts of fried sophora flower buds, 10-40 parts of platycladus orientalis leaves, 5-20 parts of fructus aurantii, 5-20 parts of herba schizonepetae, 5-25 parts of bombyx batryticatus, 5-20 parts of cicada slough, 10-30 parts of radix curcuma, 5-20 parts of rhubarb, 5-20 parts of rhizome of Largeleaf Japanese ginseng and 15-40 parts of sargentodoxa cuneata. The medicine composition, after being researched for many years, is significant in clinical treatment effects, is more than 46% in curative rate and more than 96% in total effective rate and is good in curative effect, high in curative rate and free of side effects. An enteric preparation of the medicine composition can allows effective ingredients to be avoided from being damaged by internal or external environments such as strong acid in stomach, light, heat and the like. Stability of the medicine composition is improved. Active ingredients are ensured to be completely released in intestinal tracts so that the curative effect of the medicine composition is fully achieved.
BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery (BS) induces significant changes in gastrointestinal anatomy, potentially influencing the pharmacokinetics of orally administered drugs such as rivaroxaban.
OBJECTIVES: This phase 1 study aimed to assess the pharmacokinetics and safety of full-dose rivaroxaban in post-BS patients.
METHODS: The ABSORB (Rivaroxaban Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics After Bariatric Surgery and in Morbid Obesity) study was a single-center, nonrandomized, multiple-dose, parallel-design bioequivalence trial. Adult patients with stable weight after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG) were compared with subjects with class III obesity and healthy controls. Participants received 20 mg of rivaroxaban daily for 8 days.
RESULTS: Post-BS patients exhibited altered rivaroxaban pharmacokinetics, suggesting reduced absorption. Mean area under the concentration-time curve from time 0 to 24 hours after the first dose (RYGB, 1806.8 ng.h/mL; SG, 1648.9 ng.h/mL) was lower compared with that in controls (1893.5 ng.h/mL). At steady state, the area under the concentration-time curve values remained lower in BS groups (RYGB, 2129.9 ng.h/mL; SG, 1946.4 ng.h/mL) than in controls (2224.8 ng.h/mL). The maximum concentration after the first dose was lower in post-RYGB subjects (214.9 ng/mL) than in controls (264.1 ng/mL). This difference was less pronounced at steady state (RYGB, 256.9 ng/mL vs controls, 288.8 ng/mL). Neither BS group met bioequivalence criteria compared with controls, whereas the group with class III obesity met bioequivalence criteria compared with controls at steady state.
CONCLUSION: Rivaroxaban displayed minor pharmacokinetic variations in post-BS patients. Given reported interindividual variability in the general population, these variations are unlikely to be of clinical significance. Our findings support rivaroxaban use in BS patients, emphasizing the need for further research in this area.
Obesity-related metabolic disorders, including diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and cardiovascular disease, increasingly threaten global health. Uncontrolled inflammation is a key pathophysiological factor in many of these conditions. In the human body, inflammatory responses generate specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), which are crucial for resolving inflammation and restoring tissue balance. SPMs derived from omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) such as resolvins, protectins, and maresins hold promise in attenuating the chronic inflammatory diseases associated with lipid metabolism disorders. Recent research has highlighted the therapeutic potential of n-3 PUFA-derived metabolites in addressing these metabolic disorders. However, the understanding of the pharmacological aspects of SPMs, particularly in obesity-related metabolic disorders, remains limited. This review comprehensively summarizes recent advances in understanding the role of SPMs in resolving metabolic disorders, based on studies in animal models and humans. These studies indicate that SPMs have potential as therapeutic targets for combating obesity, as well as offering insights into their mechanisms of action.
The present invention discloses one kind of fusion protein to excite organism to generate FMDV antibody and its coding gene and application. The fusion protein consists of VP1 protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus and at least one cell factor of GM-CSF and IFN-gamma. It has one of the following amino acid residue sequences: 1. SEQ ID No. 1 in the sequence list; and 2. SEQ ID No. 2 in the sequence list. The fusion protein of the present invention and its coding gene can excite animal body to generate FMDV antibody, has relative high immune protection against FMDV, and may be used in preventing and treating FMD. The fusion protein is stable, easy to preparation and suitable for industrial production. The present invention has important application foreground and practical significance in animal medicine field.
Patients who were diagnosed with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and underwent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma resection without any prior treatment are included in this group. These patients had not been diagnosed with any other cancer. Finally, 96 patients were included.
Little is known about the turnover of adipose cells in the fat depots of normal animals and human subjects. However, microarray analysis of adipose cell gene expression in high risk insulin-resistant human subjects suggests that a reduced rate of adipose cell turnover is associated with enhanced adipose cell size and systemic insulin resistance. New technology now permits a detailed analysis of adipose cell size including the detection of smaller cells which may be in the process of active differentiation. We propose to examine the relationship between adipose cell size distribution and systemic insulin resistance in obese human subjects. Adipose tissue biopsies will be obtained at Stanford University under protocols and consent forms approved by the Stanford University IRB. Only procedures already being performed on subjects under these protocols will be used.
BACKGROUND: This retrospective study, conducted using the U.S. National Inpatient Sample (NIS), examines the outcomes and management of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) in COVID-19 patients and identifies predictive factors to enhance patient prognosis.
METHODS: We analyzed the 2020 U.S. NIS data involving adult patients (≥18 years) admitted with NVUGIB and categorized them based on the presence of COVID-19. Primary and secondary outcomes, NVUGIB-related procedures, and predictive factors were evaluated.
RESULTS: Of 184,885 adult patients admitted with NVUGIB, 1.6% (2990) had COVID-19. Patients with NVUGIB and COVID-19 showed higher inpatient mortality, acute kidney injury, need for intensive care, and resource utilization metrics. Notably, there was a lower rate of early esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Multivariate logistic regression revealed conditions like peptic ulcer disease, mechanical ventilation, and alcohol abuse as significant positive predictors for NVUGIB in COVID-19 patients, whereas female gender and smoking were negative predictors.
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that COVID-19 significantly increases the risk of mortality and complications in NVUGIB patients. The observed decrease in early EGD interventions, potentially contributing to higher mortality rates, calls for a review of treatment strategies. Further multicenter, prospective studies are needed to validate these results and improve patient care strategies.
The invention discloses a turbot pathogenic strain which is Acinetobacter lwoffii, wherein the collection number of the strain is CCTCC (China center for type culture collection) NO:M2010372. The screened Acinetobacter lwoffii is used for preparing an inactivated vaccine. In addition, the Acinetobacter lwoffii, tetraodotoxin pseudoalteromonas and pseudomonas are used for preparing a bigeminy or trigeminy inactivated vaccine which is used for immunizing the turbot ascites disease. The preparation process of the inactivated vaccine for the ascites disease is simple, the yield is stable, the cost is low, and a large amount of inactivated vaccines with high immune effect can be obtained. The immune protective rate of the inactivated vaccine prepared by the method can reach 70%. The vaccine is a pure biological agent, has the characteristics of safety and environment friendliness, and dose not causes medicament residues and environment pollution; and by using the method, the generation and popularization of the turbot ascites disease are fundamentally suppressed, and a technical support is provided for preparing the novel inactivated vaccine for the turbot ascites disease.
We successfully prepared mercury sulphide nanoparticle hydrogels by physical encapsulation method. The successfully prepared mercuric sulphide nanoparticle hydrogel was a zinc folate hydrogel, which showed an obvious porous structure with interconnected and uniformly distributed pores and a pore size range of about 20 μm. The maximum drug loading of the hydrogels was 3%, and the in vitro cumulative release degree was in accordance with the first-order kinetic equation Mt = 149.529 (1 - e-0.026t). The particles in mercuric sulphide nanoparticle hydrogels significantly down-regulated the expression of the cell surface co-stimulatory molecule CD86 (p < .0001). Meanwhile, the inflammatory response was regulated through the NF-κB pathway in LPS-induced inflammatory cells. Later, it was observed that mercuric sulphide nanoparticle hydrogels could significantly counteract the inflammatory and immune models through a mouse ear swelling model, a rat foot-plantar swelling model and a rheumatoid arthritis model. This design targets the immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects through nanocomposite hydrogel technology. It reduces the drawbacks of low mercury utilisation and susceptibility to accumulation of toxicity. It aims to provide an experimental basis for the development of mercuric sulphide and the treatment of inflammatory and immune-related diseases.HighlightsMercury sulphide nanoparticle hydrogel has an optimal mercury sulphide nanoparticle content of 2%, is structurally homogeneous and stable, and does not exhibit significant liver or kidney toxicity.Mercuric sulphide nanoparticle hydrogel exerts anti-inflammatory effects in cells and rats, and regulates the expression of macrophage surface molecules and factors related to the NF-κB pathway.Mercuric sulphide nanoparticle hydrogel improves the condition of ankle synovial joints in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis.
The agrin protein was shown to be important in preventing the development of neuropathic pain, as well as in treating neuropathic pain. Both agrin protein and gene expression were shown to be down-regulated in mammals with neuropathic pain. Increasing either agrin gene expression or protein resulted in a decrease in the development of neuropathic pain. Agrin protein or the C-terminal agrin fragments can be administered in a number of ways, preferably by intrathecal injection. In addition, agrin can be increased by administering a compound shown to affect agrin gene expression or agrin protein concentration, e.g., SCP-I and SCP-M1 (also known as JMM). Agrin protein decrease was shown to be prevented by administering an NMDA receptor antagonist, e.g., MK801. Agrin and a C-terminal agrin fragment also induced phosphorylation of the NMDA receptor subunit NR1 at the serine residue site which led to suppression of neuropathic pain.