anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject enhancer excellent in enhancing effects on epidermal permeation barrier functions by including an extract from a plant of the genus Silybum of the family Compositae. SOLUTION: This enhancer is obtained by including an extract from a plant of the genus Silybum of the family Compositae, e.g. Silybum marianum called Maria-azami, O-azami or Ohire-azami in an amount of preferably 0.0001-2.0 wt.% based on the enhancer and expressed in terms of a dried substance. In the above extract, silymarin, silybin, silychristin and silydianin, or the like, as active substances are present alone or as a mixture. The extraction from the whole herb of the plant or an individualized material such as leaf, a stem or a fruit is preferably carried out with an organic solvent, or the like, having an intermediate polarity such as a lower alcohol, a lower polyhydric alcohol, e.g. propylene glycol or acetone or a mixed liquid thereof as a method for extraction.
There are clear clinical and logistic reasons for pursuing the best possible post-operative pain management avoiding the negative side effects of opioid treatment; in order to garantee an enhanced recovery after surgery. A short hospital stay is fundamental to reduce patient morbidity and costs. Regional anesthetic nerve blocks are an ideal option to achieve this goal.

Paravertebral block serves as an ideal approach for thoracic and abdominal surgery through delivering segmental anesthesia of operative sites. Thoracic paravertebral block has superior analgesia as well as fewer complications than systemic opioids. It has been successfully applied in sternotomy, breast surgery, abdominoplasty, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy. ESP block is a recently described technique, with promising results in different scenarios. It probabily has a better risk profile than PVB, for its lower possibility of accidental pleural puncture and reabsorption of local anesthtetic than PVB one
Background: Postoperative sore throat, dry throat, and difficulty swallowing are frequently reported complications following general anesthesia, imposing discomfort and challenges to patients during their recovery. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cold vapor application for 15 minutes at 0, 2, and 6 hours after extubation on sore throat, dry throat, and difficulty swallowing. Methods: This was a randomized controlled experimental study. The research was carried out with 64 patients who underwent cholecystectomy in the operating room and general surgery clinic of a state hospital between December 2016 and August 2017. Research data were collected using the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, Mallampati scoring, patient identification form, intraoperative patient evaluation form, Ramsey Sedation Scale, Numerical Rating Scale, dry throat and difficulty swallowing evaluation form, and cuff pressure gauge. Results: It was found that cold vapor application at the 0th, 2nd, and 6th hours postoperatively had no effect on sore throat and swallowing difficulty. Mean dry throat scores of the patients in the intervention group at the second and sixth hours were significantly lower than those in the control group. At the 24th hour, there was no statistically significant difference between the mean scores of sore throat, swallowing difficulty, and dry throat in the intervention and control groups. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it was found that cold vapor application in the early postoperative period had no effect on sore throat and swallowing difficulty but reduced throat dryness at the second and sixth hours. Implications for Nursing: In the early postoperative period, cold vapor can be applied to relieve hoarseness due to extubation.
Prophylactic Heated Intra-peritoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) 30 mg of mitomycin C (MMC) over the first 60 minutes followed by 10 mg over an additional 30 minutes. Perfusate will be heated to obtain a tissue temperature of 42°.
The sucrose preference test is a popular test for anhedonia in the chronic unpredictable stress model of depression. Yet, the test does not always produce consistent results. Long food and water deprivation before the test, while often implemented, confounds the results by introducing unwanted drives in the form of hunger and thirst. We assessed the reliability of the test when only short or no fasting was used. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for studies in rats exposed to chronic unpredictable stress that used no more than 6 h of food and/or water deprivation before the test. Sweet consumptions, for stressed and control/antidepressant-treated animals, in 132 studies were pooled using random effects models. We found a decrease in sweet consumption in stressed rats, compared to controls, that was halved when a non-caloric sweetener was used and significantly reduced when sucrose consumption was corrected for body weight. What is more, the length of food and water deprivation was found to confound the effect. The effect was reversed when the stressed rats were treated with antidepressants. Methodological strategies meant to control for recognized sources of bias when conducting the test were often missing, and so was a clear and complete report of essential study information. Our results indicate that not only is food and water deprivation before the test unnecessary, but not recommended. Even in absence of long fasting, we found evidence of an additional effect on sweet consumption that is unrelated to anhedonia. Without properly controlling for non-hedonic drivers of consumption, the test is unreliable as a proxy measure of anhedonia. Strengthening the methodological rigor and addressing the confounding effect of metabolic factors in the sucrose preference test prevents misleading conclusions that harm the translatability of the associated research and perpetuates the use of animals for little gain.
A coupling agent which is an activated ester such as N-maleimido-6-aminocaproyl-HNSA (mal-sac-HNSA) is formed by reacting 4-hydroxyl-3-nitrobenzene sulfonic acid sodium salt (HNSA) with a carboxylic acid moiety of a compound such as N-maleimido-6-aminocaproic acid. The coupling agent is reacted with an amino group of an amine-containing biological material such as a protein at a pH of about 5.5 to 10.0 and HNSA is released. The released HNSA is spectroscopically measured at a wavelength of from about 350 nm to about 500 nm to precisely monitor and control conjugating of the coupling agent to the biological material. The resulting product is coupled to a sulfhydryl group or other group of another material to provide cross-linking between the two. This enables joining the biological material to one another, to a support matrix, to a label, to a hapten, and to other materials. An immunotoxin for therapeutic use can be prepared by conjugating the coupling agent to an antibody such as a monoclonal antibody with tumor cell specificity and then joining the resultant conjugate to a cytotoxic molecule.
Glucose is required for generating heat during cold-induced nonshivering thermogenesis in adipose tissue, but the regulatory mechanism is largely unknown. CREBZF has emerged as a critical mechanism for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated the roles of CREBZF in the control of thermogenesis and energy metabolism. Glucose induces CREBZF in human white adipose tissue (WAT) and inguinal WAT (iWAT) in mice. Lys208 acetylation modulated by transacetylase CREB-binding protein/p300 and deacetylase HDAC3 is required for glucose-induced reduction of proteasomal degradation and augmentation of protein stability of CREBZF. Glucose induces rectal temperature and thermogenesis in white adipose of control mice, which is further potentiated in adipose-specific CREBZF knockout (CREBZF FKO) mice. During cold exposure, CREBZF FKO mice display enhanced thermogenic gene expression, browning of iWAT, and adaptive thermogenesis. CREBZF associates with PGC-1α to repress thermogenic gene expression. Expression levels of CREBZF are negatively correlated with UCP1 in human adipose tissues and increased in WAT of obese ob/ob mice, which may underscore the potential role of CREBZF in the development of compromised thermogenic capability under hyperglycemic conditions. Our results reveal an important mechanism of glucose sensing and thermogenic inactivation through reversible acetylation.
Healthy children from 7 up to 10 years of age, determined by date of birth (dd/mm/yyyy), at the time of the first visit. Male + female, approximately equally distributed, n = 36 in each country. They will receive Boostrix®-IPV combination vaccine.
The intervention beverage Dietary beetroot juice was administrated in the first period of the cross-over trial, while placebo was administrated in the second period of the trail Intervention beverage, Dietary beetroot juice:Consumed as beetroot juice from James White Drinks England (Beet-it) and contained 300 mg dietary nitrate. Dose: 2x70 mL consumed twice a day for six days. The placebo: was an NO3- negligble drink from James White Drinks England (Beet-it), which was otherwise similar to the dietary beetroot juice in nutrient composition, smell and appearance. Dose: 2x70 mL consumed twice a day for six days.
Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate among all cancers worldwide. The 5-year overall survival rate for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is estimated at around 26%, whereas for small cell lung cancer (SCLC), the survival rate is only approximately 7%. This disease places a significant financial and psychological burden on individuals worldwide. The symbiotic microbiota in the human body has been significantly associated with the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of various diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis. Studies have demonstrated that respiratory symbiotic microorganisms and their metabolites play a crucial role in modulating immune function and contributing to the pathophysiology of lung cancer through their interactions with the host. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the microbial characteristics associated with lung cancer, with a focus on the respiratory tract microbiota from different locations, including saliva, sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), bronchial brush samples, and tissue. We describe the respiratory tract microbiota's biodiversity characteristics by anatomical region, elucidating distinct pathological features, staging, metastasis, host chromosomal mutations, immune therapies, and the differentiated symbiotic microbiota under the influence of environmental factors. Our exploration investigates the intrinsic mechanisms linking the microbiota and its host. Furthermore, we have also provided a comprehensive review of the immune mechanisms by which microbiota are implicated in the development of lung cancer. Dysbiosis of the respiratory microbiota can promote or inhibit tumor progression through various mechanisms, including DNA damage and genomic instability, activation and regulation of the innate and adaptive immune systems, and stimulation of epithelial cells leading to the upregulation of carcinogenesis-related pathways.
A low Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) value, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and perineural invasion (PeNI) have been identified as indicators of poor prognosis for many malignancies. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between PNI and LVI/PeNI, their prognostic significance, and their effect on overall survival in gastric cancer patients who underwent curative gastrectomy. A cutoff value of 39.8 was taken for the PNI, and PNI < 39.8 was defined as moderate to severe malnutrition. Patients were grouped as PNI-low (PNI < 39.8) and PNI-high (PNI ≥ 39.8). Paraffin-embedded tissue sections of surgical specimens were used to evaluate PeNI as defined by previously reported criteria. The study included 270 patients with ages ranging from 23 to 90 years. The mean PNI was calculated as 39.8 ± 6.35. PeNI was detected in 232 patients (85.93%), and LVI was identified in 248 patients (91.85%). It was observed that the PNI value of patients with an expired status in the PNI < 39.8 group was lower compared to those who survived, and in patients with PNI > 39.8, those without PeNI had better survival. The presence of PeNI in patients with PNI > 39.8 increased the mortality risk by 2.088 units, while in patients with PNI > 39.8, it was found that those without LVI had better survival, and the presence of LVI increased the mortality risk by 3.171 units. Mortality developed in 166 patients (61.48%) during the five-year follow-up period. The five-year overall survival was found to be 31.02 ± 21.73 months. In patients with gastric cancer, the PNI, LVI, and PeNI are independent prognostic factors for overall survival in postoperative patients. A low PNI score is an inherently poor prognostic factor. In patients with a high PNI score, the presence of positive LVI and PeNI negatively impacts survival. We found that in patients with a low PNI, the rates of PeNI and LVI are higher compared to those with a high PNI, and this significantly affects mortality.
A variety of therapeutic possibilities have emerged for skillfully regulating protein function or conformation through intermolecular interaction modulation to rectify abnormal biochemical reactions in diseases. Herein, a devised strategy of enzyme coordinators has been employed to alleviate postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF), which is characterized by the leakage of digestive enzymes including trypsin, chymotrypsin, and lipase. The development of a dextrorotary (D)-peptide supramolecular gel (CP-CNDS) under this notion showcases its propensity for forming gels driven by intermolecular interaction. Upon POPF, CP-CNDS not only captures enzymes from solution into hydrogel, but also effectively entraps them within the internal gel, preventing their exchange with counterparts in the external milieu. As a result, CP-CNDS completely suppresses the activity of digestive enzymes, effectively alleviating POPF. Remarkably, rats with POPF treated with CP-CNDS not only survived but also made a recovery within a mere 3-day period, while mock-treated POPF rats had a survival rate of less than 5 days when experiencing postoperative pancreatic fistula, leak or abscess. Collectively, the reported CP-CNDS provides promising avenues for preventing and treating POPF, while exemplifying precision medicine-guided regulation of protein activity that effectively targets specific pathogenic molecules across multiple diseases.
Delirium is a multifactorial medical condition of waxing and waning impairment across various domains of mental functioning over time. Importantly, delirium is also one of the greatest risk factors for prolonged hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality. Studying this important condition is challenging due to the difficulty in both objective diagnosis in patients and validation of laboratory models. As a result, there is a lack of protective treatments for delirium. Our recent studies report the efficacy of bispectral electroencephalography (BSEEG) in diagnosing delirium in patients and predicting patient outcomes, advancing the concept that this simple measure could represent an additional vital sign for patients. Here, we applied BSEEG to characterize and validate a novel lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mouse model of infection-related delirium. We then applied this model to evaluate the protective efficacy of three putative therapeutic agents: the conventional antipsychotic medication haloperidol, the neuroprotective compound P7C3-A20, and the antibiotic minocycline. Aged mice were more susceptible than young mice to LPS-induced aberration in BSEEG, reminiscent of the greater vulnerability of older adults to delirium. In both young and old mice, P7C3-A20 and minocycline administration prevented LPS-induced BSEEG abnormality. By contrast, haloperidol did not. P7C3-A20 and minocycline have been shown to limit different aspects of LPS toxicity, and our data offers proof of principle that these agents might help protect patients from developing infection-related delirium. Thus, utilization of BSEEG in a mouse model for infection-related delirium can identify putative therapeutic agents for applications in patient clinical trials.
Cosmetic composition for use in treating damaged hair. The composition comprises, as the active component a methylol compound of the formula:   IN A SUITABLE COSMETIC CARRIER, IN WHICH FORMULA: X represents either an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom or an NH group; R and R'' are identical or different and represent either a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl radical; and R1 and R2 represent either a methyl hydroxy group or a methyl alkoxy group, e.g. methyl alkoxy wherein the alkoxy contains up to five carbon atoms or more. Typically the methylol compound is N,N''-dihydroxymethyl glyoxalurea or N,N''-dihydroxymethyl glyoxalthiourea. The composition is applied at an acid pH and is advantageously made up in solid form for mixing with water or water-and-alcohol solutions when used. The compositions are used by impregnating the hair with a mixture thereof and water or water-and-alcohol solution followed by drying with heat.
There is so far no available data about how the additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effects of the combined form of alpha-lactalbumin (α-La) and bacteriophages might modulate the cellular milieu of the host-pathogen interface. A co-culture of colonocytes and hepatocytes was stimulated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 in the presence of KPP22 phage and incubated for 6 hours in medium alone or medium supplemented with bovine milk-origin α-La. The combination of KPP22 phage and α-La significantly inhibited P.a PAO1-elicited secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, and ICAM-1, which are the mediators and enzymes associated with the inflammatory response to an infectious-inflamed milieu. Cell viability was higher in the P.a PAO1+ KPP22 phage group compared to the P.a PAO1alone group. KPP22 phage and α-La, either alone or in combination, rescued P.a PAO1-induced aberrant PGE1/PGE2 production ratios. The convergence of ingested α-La and phages mitigates pro-inflammatory mediators. α-La leads to an increased sensitivity of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria to phages. Structural, functional, or immunological similarities between ingested α-La and phages play an important role in the mitigation of infection-driven pathobiological processes.
BACKGROUND: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is the treatment of choice for patients with acute and chronic coronary syndromes as it reduces mortality and prevents recurrent thrombotic complications. The assessment of both ischaemic burden and bleeding risk is crucial in deciding which DAPT to choose and how long it should be continued.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to perform prospective clinical follow-up of patients receiving fixed-dose combination therapy (ASA 75 mg + clopidogrel 75 mg). Our study is a multicentric, cross-sectional, observational, cohort study.
METHODS: A total of 1500 patients who were started on fixed-dose combination DAPT for acute or chronic coronary syndrome were included in the study. Primary endpoints were hospitalization for any reason, hospitalization for cardiovascular cause, acute myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, target vessel revascularization and bleeding; the secondary endpoints were death for any reason or cardiovascular cause and stroke. The significance level adopted in the statistical analysis was 5%.
RESULTS: Median age was 63 years; 78.5% of the patients were receiving DAPT treatment for acute coronary syndrome. The rates of hospitalization for cardiovascular reasons, acute myocardial infartion, stent thrombosis and target-vessel revascularization were 7.9%, 2.3%, 1.3% and 4.2%, respectively. While the rate of BARC type 1 bleeding was 3.3%, the rate of BARC type 5, 3, or 2 bleeding was 0.6%. The secondary endpoints which were death from any cause, cardiovascular death and stroke were 0.5%, 0.3% and 0.3%, respectively. Conclusion: Our study shows that fixed-dose combination therapy is effective and safe in appropriately selected patients with acute or chronic coronary syndromes.
Cohort 1 will receive 1 x 10\^6 cells/kg. Cohort 2 will receive 1 x 10\^7 cells/kg. Cohort 3 will receive 1 x 10\^8 cells/kg. Cohort 4 will receive Cy/Flu + CAR T cells at established maximum tolerated dose.
BACKGROUND: Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been implicated as rising risk factors for the development of colorectal cancers. A rapid increase in the prevalence of obesity and severe obesity among Hispanic patients in the United States may present substantially increased risk for advanced colorectal neoplasia in this population. Currently, there is very little research in this area.
AIMS: We sought to identify metabolic risk factors for advanced adenomas (AA) in Hispanic Americans.
METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed data from the Los Angeles General (LAG) Medical Center of asymptomatic Hispanic patients above 45 years of age who underwent their first colonoscopies following a positive screening FBT. Patient demographics, metabolic characteristics, as well as colon polyp size and histology were recorded. Polyps were classified as adenomas or AA (including both high-risk adenomas and high-risk serrated polyps). Relative risk for AA was assessed by multivariate logistical regression analyses.
RESULTS: Of the 672 patients in our study, 41.4% were male, 67% had adenomas, and 16% had AA. The mean BMI was 31.2 kg/m2. The mean HDL-C was 49.5 mg/dL (1.28 mmol/L) and the mean triglyceride level was 151 mg/dL. 44.6% had diabetes and 64.1% had hypertension. When comparing patients with AA to patients with no adenoma, male sex, BMI > 34.9 kg/m2, and elevated fasting triglyceride levels were associated with an increased risk of AA. FIB-4 ≥1.45 was also associated with an increased risk of AA in males. There was no significant difference in the risk of AA with diabetes, hypertension, FIB-4 score, LDL-C level, and HDL-C level.
CONCLUSIONS: Hispanic patients with a positive FBT were observed to have a high incidence of AA. Class II obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2), elevated triglyceride levels were identified as risk factors among males in our study. Early interventions to address these modifiable risk factors in at-risk populations, such as multi-disciplinary weight management programs for the treatment of obesity and related co-morbidities, could potentially lead to risk reduction and CRC prevention.
The product (sodium butyrate+ zinc oxide) is in the form of tablets. Dosage is dependent on weight. For participants weighing \<25 kg, one 380 mg tablet is intended to be administered orally twice a day . For participants weighing 25 to 40 kg, three 380 mg tablet dose is intended to be administered orally according to the 2+1 tablets per day schedule (12h interval). For participants weighing ≥40 kg, four 380 mg tablet dose is intended to be administered orally according to the 2+2 tablets per day schedule (12h interval).