anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) coexists in up to 50% of heart failure (HF) patients, affecting both those with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and those with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Although the efficacy of several guideline-directed medical therapies (GDMT) has been well established, the treatment recommendations are similar for those patients with HF with and without CKD. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of GDMT in patients with HF with versus those without CKD.
METHOD: This systematic review and meta-analysis included randomised controlled trials that compared the efficacy of GDMT (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor [ACE-I], beta blocker, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor) in patients with HF with and without CKD. The primary outcome was the composite of cardiovascular death and HF hospitalisation. Risk ratios (RR) were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 19 trials (15 trials in HFrEF and four trials in HFpEF) enrolling 63,677 (38% had CKD) participants were included. Among HFrEF patients, GDMT reduced the primary endpoint in those with CKD (RR 0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.72-0.82) and without CKD (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.74-0.84). Among HFpEF patients, the pooled summary RR for GDMT reducing the primary endpoint was 0.82 (95% CI 0.74-0.91) among those with CKD and 0.88 (95% CI 0.77-0.99) among those without CKD. There was no significant difference in the efficacy of GDMT in head-to-head comparisons between those with and without CKD in HFrEF (ratio of RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.88-1.06) and HFpEF (ratio of RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.80-1.11).
CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with HF, GDMT had a consistent effect in reducing adverse cardiovascular events in those with and without CKD. Future studies should investigate the best strategy to ensure patients with HF with CKD receive and tolerate GDMT when indicated.
Oxpholipin peptides are a family of peptides that have potent properties attributable to their lipid binding properties. Oxpholipin peptides may be administered orally or parenterally to remove cholesterol and/or oxidized phospholipids from the serum, and from vascular and nonvascular tissue sites. In certain embodiments oxpholipin peptides are administered in combination with a second agent, e.g. statins, ApoAI peptides, etc. The peptides also possess also anti-inflammatory properties as determined by in vitro monocyte chemotactic assay (MCA) and their activity is carried on into relevant in vivo system of ApoE deficient mice. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) studies revealed that the most potent anti-inflammatory compound, OxP-11D binds with high affinity to various oxidized phospholipids and sterols.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) have been molecularly sub-classified into germinal center like B-cell (GCB) and activated B-cell like (ABC) DLBCL. Clinically, the ABC subtype has a significantly higher rate of drug resistance and lower survival. The ABC subtype has overexpression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) with transcriptional activation of B cell lymphoma 2 (bcl-2), which may account for the drug resistance. The ability of NF-kB to inhibit responses to cancer therapeutic agents may also contribute to the refractory clinical behavior of ABC subtype, and inhibition of NF-kB can synergize with the chemotherapy to kill tumor cells. This protocol aims to study the affect of NF-kB inhibition, through proteasome inhibition by PS-341, on response to PS-341 and PS-341 with EPOCH chemotherapy in DLBCL. It will also assess the affect of PS-341 on NF-kB and BCL-2 tumor expression by microarray, and provide information on the specificity of PS-341.
Participants will self-administer esketamine intranasally twice per week for 4 weeks as a flexible dose regimen in the Double-Blind Induction Phase. All participants will start at a dose of 56 mg on Day 1. On Day 4, the dose may be increased to 84 mg or remain at 56 mg per investigator's discretion. On Days 8 and 11 the dose may be increased to 84 mg (from 56 mg), remain same, or be reduced to 56 mg (from 84 mg) per investigator's discretion. On Day 15, a dose reduction from 84 mg to 56 mg is permitted, if required for tolerability; no dose increase permitted. After Day 15, dose must remain stable (unchanged). In addition participants will simultaneously initiate a new, open-label oral antidepressant (duloxetine, escitalopram, sertraline, or venlafaxine extended release \[XR\]) on Day 1 that will be continued for the duration of Double-Blind Induction Phase.
Residual cancer cells persist even after targeted therapies, serving as a reservoir for the subsequent acquisition of genetic alterations that lead to acquired drug resistance and tumor relapse. These initial drug-tolerant persisters (DTP) are phenotypically heterogenous with transient phenotypes attributed to epigenetic, metabolic, and cell-cycle changes. DTPs are responsible for the inevitable relapse seen in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) despite high initial response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. While past in vitro studies identified diverse drivers of drug-tolerant persistence to EGFR TKIs in NSCLC, the resultant phenotypic plasticity is not well understood and in vivo models of persistence are lacking. In this issue of Cancer Research, Hu and colleagues used patient-derived xenograft models of EGFR-mutant lung cancer treated with the third-generation TKI osimertinib to investigate mechanisms of persistence at the time of maximal response. Using bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing, the authors identified a DTP transcriptional cluster mediated by the key neuroendocrine lineage transcription factor ASCL1, which triggers an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition transcriptional program. ASCL1 overexpression increased osimertinib tolerance in vitro as well, apparently independent of its role in neuroendocrine differentiation. Interestingly, the ability of ASCL1 to induce persistence was context dependent as this occurred only in epigenetically permissive cells. Overall, these findings contribute to our understanding of DTP heterogeneity seen after osimertinib treatment and provide insights into potential therapeutic targets. See related article by Hu et al., p. 1303.
Chemotherapy and radiation therapy for cancer can compromise the ability to become pregnant. Experiments in animals and humans have tried to collect, freeze and store eggs to see if they can be saved for possible later use. While studies are promising, it is still uncertain whether such approaches will ultimately prove to be useful in practice for achieving pregnancy in humans. The main purpose of this study is to see whether it is possible to remove and store ovarian tissues by freezing. It is hoped that, in the future, frozen, stored ovarian tissue can be used to achieve pregnancy. Before receiving chemotherapy or radiation therapy, subjects will have a piece of the ovaries, or one of two ovaries, removed by surgery. The tissues will be frozen by a special method in an effort to prevent the eggs from being damaged. The majority (80%) of the tissue will be stored for potential use in case the patient is unable to achieve pregnancy in the future, and part of the tissue (20%) will be used for studying how the eggs can be grown in the laboratory.
Disclosed is a traditional Chinese medicine for regulating the function of the spleen and kidney. The invention is to mainly solve the technical problem that the curative effect of a present traditional Chinese medicinal formula for invigorating spleen and tonifying kidney is not obvious. The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following main points: the medicine contains 10-20g of Radix Polygonum multiflorum, 5-15g of eucommia, 5-15g of polygonatum rhizome, 15-25g of cibotium rhizome, 10-20g of Radix Codonopsis, 15-25g of epimedium leaves, 10-20g of Desertliving Cistanche, 10-20g of matrimony vine, 5-15g of morinda officinalis, 4-10g of Chinese cassia tree, 10-20g of Rehmannia glutinosa, 10-20g of spatholobus stem, 10-20g of Radix Astragali, 5-15g of cynomorium songaricum, 15-25g of actinolite and 15-25g of Actinolitum. The traditional Chinese medicine is prepared by the traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to the above weight ratio. The preparation of the medicine contains pill, powder, pulvis, sublimed preparation, capsule, tablet or decoction. The traditional Chinese medicine provided by the invention can promote endocrine and improve microcirculation, has efficacy of invigorating spleen, tonifying kidney, strengthening and nourishing marrow and essence, and has a good health-care effect.
An inhaler article includes a body extending along a longitudinal axis from a mouthpiece end to a distal end and a capsule cavity defined within the body. The capsule cavity has a length extending along the longitudinal axis. A mouthpiece air channel extends from the capsule cavity to the mouthpiece end. An end cap is disposed within the distal end and extends to the capsule cavity. The end cap includes an air channel extending from the end cap distal end to the end cap inner end. A capsule is disposed within the capsule cavity and has a capsule length. The capsule length is in a range from about 25% to about 99% of the cavity length, or about 50% to about 95% of the cavity length, or about 70% to about 90% of the cavity length, or from about 75% to about 85% of the cavity length, or about 80% of the cavity length.
BACKGROUND: Current guidelines for management of anorectal abscesses make no recommendations for operative vs bedside incision and drainage (I&D). The purpose of this study was to determine if management in the operating room is necessary to adequately drain anorectal abscesses and prevent short-term complications for patients presenting to the emergency department (ED).
METHODS: Patients with perirectal abscesses were identified and divided into two groups based on intervention type: "bedside" or "operative." Demographic, laboratory, and encounter data were obtained from the medical record. Study outcomes included 30-day complications (return to the ED, reintervention, and readmission). Data were analyzed with univariate and multivariate analyses using SPSS (version 28).
RESULTS: A total of 113 patients with anorectal abscesses were identified. Sixty-six (58%) underwent bedside I&D and 47 (42%) operative I&D. The overall complication rate was 10%. A total of 9 patients (6 bedside and 3 operative) returned to the ED. Six of these patients required reintervention (5 bedside and 1 operative), and 1 was readmitted. Two patients from the bedside group required a second I&D during their index admission. Pre-procedure SIRS (P = .02) was found to be associated with 30-day complications. Provider specialty and training level were not associated with 30-day complications.
DISCUSSION: In this study, for patients presenting to the ED, bedside drainage was found to be an adequate management strategy to achieve complete drainage without a significant increase in the rate of complications when compared to operative drainage.
Participants who have achieved clinical complete response receive active surveillance and consolidated chemotherapy for up to 4 months in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Participants with incomplete response or regrowth of tumor, undergo surgical resection as in Group I.
Internet-based self-help on the basis of the program "Mindfulness-Based Compassionate Living" (van den Brink \& Koster, 2015). The self-help program consists of seven text-based sessions, various exercises (z.B. breathing meditations, diaries,) and tasks. Participants have the possibility for guidance to the program on request.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new polypeptide having sequence homology to IL-17 and IL-17 receptor protein, to provide a nucleic acid molecule encoding these proteins, to provide a vector and a host cell containing these nucleic acid sequences, respectively, to provide a chimera polypeptide molecule containing the polypeptide fused with a different polypeptide, to provide an antibody bound to the polypeptide, and to provide a method for producing the polypeptide.  <P>SOLUTION: A new polypeptide, and a nucleic acid molecule encoding the peptide are provided. A vector and a host cell containing these nucleic acid sequences, respectively are provided. A chimera polypeptide molecule containing the polypeptide fused with a different polypeptide sequence is provided. An antibody bound to the polypeptide, and a method for producing the polypeptide are provided.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Some patients who undergo different types of surgery develop distressing and long-lasting pain. This pain is often characterized by signs such as: allodynia (a pain due to a stimulus which does not normally provoke pain), dysesthesia (unpleasant, abnormal sense of touch). Patients describe symptoms of burning or electrical type sensation. In some cases this type of chronic pain can still be present after 3 months or more following surgery.This clinical trial will assess the efficacy and safety profile of lidocaine 5% medicated plaster in comparison to placebo plaster in patients.

This trial is a randomized, double-blind (neither investigator nor patient will know which treatment was received), placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter trial to evaluate topical analgesic treatment of chronic neuropathic pain after surgery. The trial will include a screening phase and a treatment phase, during which subjects will be treated with either 5% lidocaine medicated plaster, or a placebo plaster pain intensity will be assessed on a daily basis. Subsequently there will be a follow-up phase. Pain intensity numeric rating scale (PI) will be collected via the numeric rating scale and averaged. Safety evaluations include monitoring of adverse events, physical examinations, and clinical laboratory tests.
Plasma N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level is primarily used as a biomarker for left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. It is influenced by various conditions, such as myocardial strain and situations affecting the clearance of NT-proBNP, including sepsis and shock. In this study, we investigated the appropriateness of NT-proBNP as a prognostic factor for septic shock. Patients with septic shock who visited the emergency department of the Ewha Womans' University Mokdong Hospital between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2020, were classified into the survival group (those who survived in the hospital and were discharged) and the death group (those who died in the hospital). The effectiveness of NT-proBNP, lactate, and blood urea nitrogen as predictive factors of in-hospital mortality was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve. The AUROC curve was 0.678 and 0.648 for lactate and NT-proBNP, respectively, with lactate showing the highest value. However, there was no significant difference between lactate and NT-proBNP levels in the comparison of their AUROC curve (p = 0.6278). NT-proBNP could be a useful predictor of in-hospital mortality in patients with septic shock who present to the emergency department.
All elderly patients aged 65 and above who are hospitalised from nursing home or sheltered housing facilities to the Orthopaedic Surgery Ward at Aarhus University Hospital with hip fracture and treated operatively, are eligible for this study. According to sample size calculations 284 patients are needed. Informed consent or deputy informed consent, if the patient is cognitively impaired, is needed. Inclusion is dependent on a haemoglobin measure between 6 and 7 mmol/l 6 days after surgery at the latest. Randomization will be computerised. Randomization will determine intervention with blood transfusion and the measurement of haemoglobin is blinded to the patient, relatives, and endpoint assessor. Both transfusion groups will receive blood when haemoglobin is less than 6 mmol/l, as recommended by the Danish Health and Medicine Authority. Geriatric and Orthopaedic Team (GO-team), consisting of following trained specialists: physiotherapist, nurse, and physician, will conduct medical evaluations, including blood transfusions, from admission until 30 days after surgery. The GO-team will work on weekdays both at the Orthopaedic surgery ward and in the patients home immediately after discharge. In accordance with Aarhus Blood Bank's instructions, blood transfusions are given both under hospitalisation, in the nursing homes and in the sheltered housings. Outcomes are functional ability and mortality during 90 days, and overall quality of life (OQoL) after 30 days and 1 year. The association between physical recovery and OQoL are tested.
Eosinophilic esophagitis is an antigen-mediated allergic disease of the esophagus characterized by symptoms of gastrointestinal complaints and eosinophilic inflammation limited to the esophagus. Currently, first line therapeutic recommendations include swallowed, topical steroids or dietary therapy. While both work for the majority of patients, they both have limitations.

The investigators are examining the use of oral cromolyn sodium as a treatment for this condition. This medication is a non-steroid that is already approved for other conditions. When taken orally, it is essentially not absorbed systemically, so side effects are minimal. There is only 1 brief, retrospective report of its use in this condition suggesting it does not work. However, from studying swallowed, topical steroids, it may require formulating the medication into a viscous preparation for it to work.
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to experimental surgery, and can be used to assess viability of a tissue engineering structure when closing a critical tracheal defect on an experimental animal model. Part of the tracheal wall of the experimental animal is excised between 2nd and 7th rings to form a critical tracheal wall defect of at least 2×4 mm, fixation of tissue engineering structure in defect area. At end of 3 months after fixation of the tissue engineering, the trachea is examined by the radial technique with construction of 3D-model for evaluation of a degree of constriction of the tracheal lumen. After 6 months post-mortal histological and immunohistochemical examination of the explanted tissue engineering structure is performed, diagnostic test results are used as following: percent of tracheal lumen narrowing in area of fixation of tissue engineering structure (F), at narrowing by 75 % and more are assigned 0 points, less than 75 % – 1 point; evaluation of epithelisation of internal surface of tissue engineering (S), with complete epithelisation – 1 point, with no epithelialization or partial epithelisation – 0 points; density of microvessels in a submucosal layer of a tissue engineering structure (B), with density of 0–25 mmis assigned 0 points, at 26–50 mm– 1 point, more than 50 mm– 2 points. Value Lcorresponding to the product of points is calculated by formula: L=F*S*B. In the case of the calculated value L<1, the absence of viability of the tissue engineering structure is stated. At L≥1 is concluded on viability of tissue engineering structure.EFFECT: method provides obtaining reliable data on biological and physiological compatibility of tissue engineering structures based on matrices of different origin when the tracheal critical defect is closed on the model of the experimental animal by creating a reliable method for evaluating the viability of the tissue engineering structure when closing the critical airway defect, allowing to assess the biological and physiological compatibility of the tracheal implant.1 cl, 1 tbl, 2 ex, 5 dwg
BACKGROUND: Chest physiotherapy plays a crucial role in the treatment of COPD, although the optimal techniques for airway clearance have not been definitively established. Among the different techniques, high-frequency chest wall oscillation (HFCWO) has gained attention for its potential to create a widespread lung percussion, facilitating the removal of secretions and potentially clearing the peripheral bronchial tree. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a novel "focused pulse" HFCWO in patients with moderate to severe COPD.
METHODS: Sixty patients were randomized to three groups: a group treated with the PEP technique, a group with "focused pulse "HFCWO" and a group with pharmacological therapy alone (control group). The primary outcomes were changes in respiratory function parameters, changes in dyspnea and quality of life scores as well as daily life activity and health status assessment. The secondary outcomes were the number of exacerbations and the number of practitioner or emergency department (ED) visits after 1, 3, and 6 months.
RESULTS: Sixty patients concluded the study with 20 patients allocated to each group. The two devices improved respiratory function tests, quality of life and health scores and dyspnea compared to the control group. Maximal expiratory pressure and diffusing lung carbon oxide were significantly improved in the focused pulse HFCWO group compared to the PEP group. Only pulse-focused HFCWO showed a statistically significant lower number of exacerbations and visits to ED or practitioner compared to the control group.
CONCLUSIONS: The focused pulse HFCWO technique improves daily life activities and lung function in patients with stable COPD. The device demonstrated significantly greater effectiveness in lowering COPD exacerbations as well as visits to ED or practitioner.
Recent studies suggest that specific types of macronutrients in the diet may have selective effects on nutrient absorption, insulin sensitivity, and lipid metabolism. Elucidation of the metabolic impact of specific dietary components may well result in improved efficacy of lifestyle approaches to reduce obesity and metabolic diseases. Despite similar fructose consumption, the phenotype of co-morbidities is different between African Americans and Latinos. Latino and Caucasian children manifest worsened dyslipidemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), while African American children manifest worsened insulin resistance and hypertension. We have also documented in adults that a reduction in de novo lipogenesis (DNL; production of new lipids) in the liver and liver fat content, and improvement in hepatic insulin sensitivity were achieved by substitution of complex carbohydrate for fructose; but these changes appeared less dramatic in African American compared to Latino or Caucasian subjects. These divergent findings suggest ethnic and race-specific differences of fructose metabolism and disposition.

To determine whether fructose is a contributor to metabolic co-morbidity in children, we will conduct a convenience cohort within-subject intervention with repeated measures, stratified by racial/ethnic group (Latinos vs. African Americans vs. Caucasians). The intervention will consist of restricting fructose ingestion only to naturally-occurring fructose in fruits and vegetables (approximately 15 gm/day for 10 days), by substituting complex carbohydrate for excess dietary fructose, while maintaining neutral energy balance. We anticipate fructose restriction to differentially improve co-morbidities in different racial/ethnic groups.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technique that controls the condition of makeup fading due to perspiration, which is not solved only by hydrophobilization treatment of face surface.  <P>SOLUTION: This cosmetic comprises (1) titanium dioxide treated with another metal oxide and (2) an inorganic ion exchanger. One or more kinds selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide and iron oxide are preferable as the metal oxide in the titanium dioxide treated with the metal oxide. The treatment with the metal oxide reduces surface activity of titanium dioxide. Zeolite, hydrotalcite, hydroxyapatite, a burnt crystalline phosphate compound, tobermorite, xonotlite, gyrolite and montmorillonite, or the like, are preferable as the inorganic ion exchanger.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI