anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly prevalent disease, making it a leading cause of death worldwide. Several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been conducted to identify loci associated with COPD. However, different ancestral genetic compositions for the same disease across various populations present challenges in studies involving multi-population data. In this study, we aimed to identify protein-coding genes associated with COPD by prioritizing genes for each population's GWAS data, and then combining these results instead of performing a common meta-GWAS due to significant sample differences in different population cohorts. Lung function measurements are often used as indicators for COPD risk prediction; therefore, we used lung function GWAS data from two populations, Japanese and European, and re-evaluated them using a multi-population gene prioritization approach. This study identified significant single nucleotide variants (SNPs) in both Japanese and European populations. The Japanese GWAS revealed nine significant SNPs and four lead SNPs in three genomic risk loci. In comparison, the European population showed five lead SNPs and 17 independent significant SNPs in 21 genomic risk loci. A comparative analysis of the results found 28 similar genes in the prioritized gene lists of both populations. We also performed a standard meta-analysis for comparison and identified 18 common genes in both populations. Our approach demonstrated that trans-ethnic linkage disequilibrium (LD) could detect some significant novel associations and genes that have yet to be reported or were missed in previous analyses. The study suggests that a gene prioritization approach for multi-population analysis using GWAS data may be a feasible method to identify new associations in data with genetic diversity across different populations. It also highlights the possibility of identifying generalized and population-specific treatment and diagnostic options.
PURPOSE:A composition, prepared by incorporating dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer with a tocopherol, capable of preventing browning caused by the oxidation during the storage under heating of the copolymer, and useful as a film forming agent and binder. CONSTITUTION:A composition obtained by dissolving a copolymer of the formula (n represents the polymerization degree) in ethanol, acetone, isopropyl alcohol, etc., adding a tocopherol, e.g. dl-alpha-tocopherol, to the resultant solution, and drying the resultant mixture. The amount of the tocopherol to be added is preferably 0.05-0.2pts.wt. based on 100pts.wt. copolymer. The copolymer is a high copolymer and light yellow resinous material having a slightly peculiar odor. The copolymer exhibits improved film properties by dissolving in a suitable solvent, and spreading the resultant solution on the surface of a body, and further shows a good binding property by kneading with a powder. Therefore, the copolymer is useful as a film forming agent and binder in the field of medicines.
Biomarkers are needed to identify at-risk individuals, stage their disease, and track disease progression. Such biomarkers should be noninvasive, inexpensive, and simple to acquire. Neurodegeneration biomarkers in CSF include neurofilament light (NfL), Chitinase 3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1). NfL for example increases in several neurologic conditions, including AD. In addition, NfL can be detected in serum using standard immunoassay formats. Higher CSF levels of CHI3L1 are seen in patients with neurological disorders such as MS patients experiencing relapses of MS. In addition, C-X-C motif chemokine 13 (CXCL13) is a crucial homeostatic chemokine expressed in lymphoid organs, and it is essential for the recruitment and compartmentalization of lymphocytes. In MS, CXCL13 regulates homing of B cells and subsets of T cells to inflammatory foci in CNS by interacting with the CXCR5 receptor. The levels of CXCL13 are elevated in the CSF of patients with MS compared to healthy controls, as well as in other neuroinflammatory diseases. CXCL13 may be considered a CSF biomarker of intrathecal B cell response, as its levels correlate with the count of B cells, the IgG index, and the presence and OCBs in the CSF.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) assesses several cortical properties such as excitability, plasticity, and connectivity in humans. TMS has been applied to patients with dementia, enabling the identification of potential markers of the pathophysiology and predictors of cognitive decline; moreover, applied repetitively, TMS holds promise as a potential therapeutic intervention.
Participants will receive E7090 tablets, orally, once daily along with fulvestrant 500 milligram (mg), intramuscular injection on Days 1 and 15 of Cycle 1 and each Day 1 of cycle 2 or later, or along with exemestane 25 mg tablet, orally, once daily in 28 days cycle. Each cycle length equals to (=) 28 days.
PCT No. PCT/JP90/01313 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 9, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 9, 1992 PCT Filed Oct. 11, 1990 PCT Pub. No. WO91/05784 PCT Pub. Date May 2, 1991.Disclosed is a fused pyrimidine of the formula [I]    <IMAGE>  [I]  wherein R1, R2, and R3 are as defined in the specification, Y represents a linking group of the formula   <IMAGE>   wherein n is an integer of from 4 to 6,   <IMAGE>   N(A),OorS,  wherein A is a hydrogen atom or alkyl group; and Z represents a hydrogen atom, or other substituents; or Y and Z together represent an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, alkenyl or arylalkyl group; or a 5- to 7-member heterocyclic ring which has a nitrogen atom, and further, an oxygen or sulfur atom as a hetero atom other than the nitrogen atom, being bonded via the nitrogen atom therein to the 4-position of the pyrimidine ring of the formula (I), a 5- to 7-member unsaturated heterocyclic ring which has 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms being bonded via the nitrogen atom therein to the 4-position of the pyrimidine ring of the formula (I), or a fused biheterocyclic ring constructed with 5- or 6-membered aromatic or non-aromatic rings, which has 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms in any position, being bonded via the nitrogen atom therein to the 4-position of the pyrimidine ring of the formula (I); and m is an integer of from 1 to 3; and a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof, as well as a process for producing same and a pharmaceutical preparation useful for a treatment of hypoxemia associated with respiratory diseases.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain medium-molecular heparin which gives an amino acid deriv. effectively usable for various diseases reduced in bleeding tendency by depolymerizing heparin to a specified average mol.wt. SOLUTION: This medium-molecular heparin has an average mol.wt. of 8,500-9,500 and, when converted into an amino acid deriv., gives a medium- molecular heparinylamino acid deriv., more specifically a medium-molecular heparinylamino acid or its lower alkyl ester. The deriv. is used as the active component for compsns. for coagulation inhibition, nephric mesangial cell proliferation inhibition, cancer metastasis inhibition, complement activation inhibition, pulmonary inhibition, nephric disease inhibition, radical scavenging, allergic disease prevention, and a remedial medicine.
Patients receive pemetrexed disodium IV over 10 minutes on days 1, 22, and 43 and cisplatin IV over 1 hour on days 1, 22, and 43. Patients also undergo RT and receive soy isoflavones as in Group I.
A synthetic method of 2-aryl benzopyrone flavone derivatives relates to a synthetic method of a compound, which is suitable for synthesizing 2-aryl benzopyrone flavone derivatives containing different substituents. The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low yield, long reaction period, more complicated post-treatment and high operation difficulty of the existing synthesis method of the ketone flavone derivatives. The method comprises the following steps: 1. preparing a beta-propanedione compound; 2. preparing flavone compound 2-aryl benzopyrone. The method completes esterification and rearrangement in one step, is simple and practical, reduces intermediate links of reaction, saves separation and purification of intermediate products, improves the utilization rate of raw materials, reduces reaction temperature, shortens reaction time under microwave radiation, reduces the using amount of a solvent, has relatively simple post-treatment, relatively high yield and no by-product. And the reaction can be carried out in the presence of a small amount of water, the reaction is easy to operate, and the method is suitable for industrial production. The invention belongs to the technical field of compound synthesis.
PURPOSE:To prepare a methoxsalen-containing preparation by crushing methoxsalen to a state to get a median diameter smaller than a specific level when the particle diameter is measured by a particle size distribution tester using a laser-diffraction method, adding a water-soluble and water-insoluble diluents to the crushed product and granulating by fluidized layer granulation process. CONSTITUTION:Methoxsalen is crushed to a median diameter of <=50mum determined by a particle size distribution tester using a laser-diffraction method. The obtained powder is mixed with a water-soluble diluent (e.g. lactose, mannitol, starch or sucrose) and a water-insoluble diluent (e.g. crystalline cellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose) in a weight ratio of 1:(0.5-2) and the mixture is granulated by a fluidized layer granulation process. The preparation is useful as a remedy for leukoderma vulgaris. A preparation quickly absorbable after administration, exhibiting high absorptivity in the body, having a small size compared with conventional preparation and easy to ingest can be produced by the above method.
The invention belongs to the technical fields of a magnetic composite material and a medicine, and specifically relates to core-shell magnetic composite particles coated with phosphorylcholine-containing polymer and a preparation method of the core-shell magnetic composite particles. In the core-shell magnetic composite particles, the core layers are magnetic ferroferric oxide nanoparticle clusters and the shell layers are cross-linked phosphorylcholine-containing polymer networks. The preparation method comprises: preparing sodium citrate stable magnetic clusters, and coating surfaces of the clusters with phosphorylcholine-containing polymer shell layers through a reflux precipitation polymerization method to obtain monodispersed core-shell magnetic composite particles. The particles can be used for subsequent loading of a photosensitizer, such as Ce6 and 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and antitumor drugs, such as paclitaxel, doxorubicin, SN38 and cisplatin, so that the particles can be used for the field of cancer treatment. The thickness and crosslinking degree of the shell layers can be accurately controlled. The particles have redox stimulative responsibility, are good in biocompatibility and in-vivo degradability, and are ideal loading materials used in the living body.
In the original cohort, 314 patients had catheter implantation between 1st Jan, 2005 to 31st Dec 2009. 269 patients started PD and followed up in our center. 26 patients were excluded due to missing baseline peritoneal membrane function data. 243 patients (n=243, age 53.2±16.3 year) entered the analysis.
EphrinB2 (erythropoietin-producing hepatoma interactor B2) is a key Eph/ephrin family member, promoting angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis during embryonic development. However, the role of EphrinB2 in cardiac lymphangiogenesis following myocardial infarction (MI) and the potential molecular mechanism remains to be demonstrated. This study revealed that EphrinB2 prevented ischemic heart post-MI from remodeling and dysfunction by activating the cardiac lymphangiogenesis signaling pathway. Deletion of EphrinB2 impaired cardiac lymphangiogenesis and aggravated adverse cardiac remodeling and ventricular dysfunction post-MI. At the same time, overexpression of EphrinB2 stimulated cardiac lymphangiogenesis which facilitated cardiac infiltrating macrophage drainage and reduced inflammation in the ischemic heart. The beneficial effects of EphrinB2 on improving clearance of inflammatory response and cardiac function were abolished in Lyve1 knockout mice. Mechanistically, EphrinB2 accelerated cell cycling and lymphatic endothelial cell proliferation and migration by activating CDK5 and CDK5-dependent ISL1 nuclear translocation. EphrinB2 enhanced the transcriptional activity of ISL1 at the VEGFR3 (FLT4) promoter, and VEGFR3 inhibitor MAZ51 significantly diminished the EphrinB2-mediated lymphangiogenesis and deteriorated the ischemic cardiac function. We uncovered a novel mechanism of EphrinB2-driven cardiac lymphangiogenesis in improving myocardial remodeling and function after MI.
Calcium Gluconate Injection, USP is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow solution supplied as follows:

Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Do not freeze.

Preservative Free. Discard any unused portion in the single-dose vial immediately or the Pharmacy Bulk Package vial within 4 hours after initial closure puncture.

Each dose dispensed from the Pharmacy Bulk Package vial must be used immediately.

The diluted solution must be used immediately.

NOTE: Supersaturated solutions are prone to precipitation. The precipitate, if present, may be dissolved by warming the vial to 60° to 80°C, with occasional agitation, until the solution becomes clear. Shake vigorously. Allow to cool to room temperature before dispensing. Use injection only if clear immediately prior to use.
PURPOSE: To obtain a nonbitter high concn. multi-capsulated flavor delivery system having a freely flowable granular state and useful for chewing gum, confectionery, etc., by using granular flavor-contg. cores and a specified matrix encapsulating the cores. CONSTITUTION: Cores contg. 5-90wt.%, preferably 20-30wt.% preferably spray- dried flavor (e.g. spearmint flavor or fruit essence) compsn. are encapsulated with outer coatings consisting of a hydrophilic polymer such as gum arabic, gum karaya, agar, polyvinylpyrrolidone or gelatin and a strong sweetener soln. to obtain the objective multi-capsulated flavor delivery system. The amt. of the sweetener is 0.1-50wt.%, preferably 3-15wt.% of the amt. of the outer coatings and the amt. of the outer coatings is 2-100wt.%, preferably 15-50wt.% of the amt. of the cores.
Cardio-cerebral infarction (CCI) is a term coined to describe concomitant myocardial infarction and acute ischemic stroke. Acute myocardial infarction and stroke, as separate events, constitute some of the most important causes for disability and mortality in aging societies. Stroke can either occur simultaneously with myocardial infarction or become a serious complication of myocardial infarction and/or its treatment. The frequency of CCI has been reported at a 0.009% incidence rate in stroke patients and is associated with an extremely high mortality. Because of the rare occurrence of CCI, there are currently no guidelines for assessing its diagnosis and optimal treatment. Therefore, currently, the management of CCI cases needs to be individualized. Hopefully, in the future, the results of large clinical trials or prospective registries are expected to enhance our understanding of managing concomitant acute MI and stroke. In this review we have focused on the current literacy in the diagnosis and treatment of CCIs. The paper illustrates potential distinct scenarios of CCI through the analysis of three patient cases (Fig. 5, Ref. 65). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: myocardial infarction, stroke, cardio-cerebral infarction, carotid artery stenting, cardiac surgery.
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is known as one of the important risk factors for the severity and mortality of COVID-19. Here, we evaluate the impact of T2D and its genetic susceptibility on the severity and mortality of COVID-19, using 459,119 individuals in UK Biobank. Utilizing the polygenic risk scores (PRS) for T2D, we identified a significant association between T2D or T2D PRS, and COVID-19 severity. We further discovered the efficacy of vaccination and the pivotal role of T2D-related genetics in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19. Moreover, we found that individuals with T2D or those in the high T2D PRS group had a significantly increased mortality rate. We also observed that the mortality rate for SARS-CoV-2-infected patients was approximately 2 to 7 times higher than for those not infected, depending on the time of infection. These findings emphasize the potential of T2D PRS in estimating the severity and mortality of COVID-19.
The significant increase in the incidence of obesity represents a global health crisis. Obesity is actually a multi-organ disease affecting the entire organism; hence, skin is no exception. As the functional alterations in the adipose tissue are contributing factors to many diseases, including cancer, recently, the link between the development of melanoma skin cancer and obesity gains increased attention. Besides several other factors, the increase of adipose stromal/stem cells (ASCs) impacts cancer progression. Moreover, increased production of cytokines and growth factors done by ASCs induces tumorigenesis and metastasis. The chronic inflammatory state that is sustained by this metabolic imbalance favors skin malignancies, melanoma included. Cutaneous melanoma, as an aggressive skin cancer, has both intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors where sun exposure and lifestyles are the main environmental factors inducing this skin cancer. With the advent of recent targeted and immune-based therapies in melanoma, the link between obesity and the efficacy of these therapies in melanoma remains controversial. A recent molecular relationship between the melanocortin pathway appending to both melanin synthesis and obesity was established. The biology of adipokines, molecules secreted by the adipose tissue, is linked to inflammation, and their molecular pathways can be involved in angiogenesis, migration, invasion, and proliferation of melanoma cells. In melanoma cells, among the most noticeable metabolic reprogramming characteristics is an increased rate of lipid synthesis. Lipid mediators impact classical oncogenic pathways, affecting melanoma progression. The chapter will tackle also the practical implications for melanoma prevention and treatment, namely, how metabolic manipulation can be exploited to overcome immunosuppression and support immune checkpoint blockade efficacy.
GH will be administered as one nightly subcutaneous self-injection at 11pm at a dose of 0.03 mg/kg/day in healthy and 0.5 mg in male and 0.6 mg in female GHD subjects. Injections will be performed from the night of day 0 to the night of day 20.
INTRODUCTION: The current standard of care for patients with inoperable stage III non-small cell lung cancer includes chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by 1 year of checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) therapy. Nevertheless, the optimal duration of consolidation CPI remains unknown. Here, we characterized the relationship between circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) minimal residual disease (MRD) and clinical outcomes of patients with unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated on a phase 2 trial of short-course consolidation immunotherapy after CRT, with the goal of testing whether ctDNA may be able to identify patients who do not require a full year of treatment.
METHODS: Plasma samples for ctDNA analysis were collected from patients on the Big Ten Cancer Research Consortium LUN 16-081 trial after completion of CRT, before day 1 of cycle 2 (C2D1) of CPI (i.e., 1 mo after treatment start), and at the end of up to 6 months of treatment. Tumor-informed ctDNA MRD analysis was performed using cancer personalized profiling by deep sequencing. Levels of ctDNA at each time point were correlated with clinical outcomes.
RESULTS: Detection of ctDNA predicted significantly inferior progression-free survival after completion of CRT (24-mo 29% versus 65%, p = 0.0048), before C2D1 of CPI (24-mo 0% versus 72%, p < 0.0001) and at the end of CPI (24-mo 15% versus 67%, p = 0.0011). In addition, patients with decreasing or undetectable ctDNA levels after 1 cycle of CPI had improved outcomes compared with patients with increasing ctDNA levels (24-mo progression-free survival 72% versus 0%, p < 0.0001). Progression of disease occurred within less than 12 months of starting CPI in all patients with increasing ctDNA levels at C2D1.
CONCLUSIONS: Detection of ctDNA before, during, or after 6 months of consolidation CPI is strongly associated with inferior outcomes. Our findings suggest that analysis of ctDNA MRD may enable personalizing the duration of consolidation immunotherapy treatment.
Written and verbal information on performing Kegel exercises (exercises that aim to strengthen pelvic floor muscles) will be provided at the pre-op clinic visit. The treatment group will receive pelvic floor muscle training through a course of three one-hour sessions with a trained pelvic floor physical therapist in addition to the current standard information from their surgeon. The physical therapy sessions will be conducted at 1-6 weeks preoperative, 7-10 days postoperative, and 4-8 weeks postoperative .
AIMS: The increasing prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the United States (US) represents a considerable economic burden due to the high cost of dialysis treatment. This review examines data from real-world studies to identify cost drivers and explore areas where dialysis costs could be reduced.
METHODS: We identified and synthesized evidence published from 2016-2023 reporting direct dialysis costs in adult US patients from a comprehensive literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, and grey literature sources (e.g. US Renal Data System reports).
RESULTS: Most identified data related to Medicare expenditures. Overall Medicare spending in 2020 was $29B for hemodialysis and $2.8B for peritoneal dialysis (PD). Dialysis costs accounted for almost 80% of total Medicare expenditures on ESRD beneficiaries. Private insurance payers consistently pay more for dialysis; for example, per person per month spending by private insurers on outpatient dialysis was estimated at $10,149 compared with Medicare spending of $3,364. Dialysis costs were higher in specific high-risk patient groups (e.g. type 2 diabetes, hepatitis C). Spending on hemodialysis was higher than on PD, but the gap in spending between PD and hemodialysis is closing. Vascular access costs accounted for a substantial proportion of dialysis costs.
LIMITATIONS: Insufficient detail in the identified studies, especially related to outpatient costs, limits opportunities to identify key drivers. Differences between the studies in methods of measuring dialysis costs make generalization of these results difficult.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that prevention of or delay in progression to ESRD could have considerable cost savings for Medicare and private payers, particularly in patients with high-risk conditions such as type 2 diabetes. More efficient use of resources is needed, including low-cost medication, to improve clinical outcomes and lower overall costs, especially in high-risk groups. Widening access to PD where it is safe and appropriate may help to reduce dialysis costs.