anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Virtual reality (VR), defined as an interactive system including computers and media peripherals, creates an environment similar to a real-world and also provides audio and video feedback to users. Recently, the virtual reality technology is able to make a headset displaying 360 degrees VR environment and locate the headset in the space. This improvement of VR technology significantly reduces the cost of VR equipment and enhances the application of VR technology in the field of balance assessment and treatment.

Optic flow (OF) has been used to study the effect of visual input on balance control. Most of the studies displayed OF on a screen rather than using 360 degrees visual field environment. Therefore, the subjects could obtain reference inputs for balance adjustment. The new VR headset makes it possible to play OF in a 360-degree visual field in which the subject will not able to obtain any reference inputs rather than using somatosensory and/or vestibular systems. It is unclear how the effect of aging and attention relocation affects postural control with concurrent visual and auditory attention tasks. In this study, fNIRS will be used to detect the brain activity of healthy adults in the prefrontal and temporal-parietal junction as they complete concurrent cognitive and visual tasks displayed by a VR headset. This work will focus on age and test positions (sitting vs standing). As age can play a role in brain activation levels, the investigators will compare results among younger adults (25-35 years), older adults (65-85 years), and older adults with the risk of falls. All the subjects will undergo concurrent auditory reaction time tasks and visual tracking tasks. The investigators will compare the brain images from the test conditions between the age groups and investigate if brain activity differs during the performance of reaction time tasks and visual tacking tasks. The goal of this study is to examine the effect of concurrent visual and auditory tasks on brain activation and postural control.
OBJECTIVES: Although elevated levels of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been reported in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the role of NETs in RA and the relationship between NETs and macrophages in the pathogenesis of RA requires further research. Here, we sought to determine the role of NETs in RA pathogenesis and reveal the potential mechanism.
METHODS: Neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA were measured in human serum and synovium. NETs inhibitor GSK484 was used to examine whether NETs involved with RA progression. We stimulated macrophages with NETs and detected internalisation-related proteins to investigate whether NETs entry into macrophages and induced inflammatory cytokines secretion through internalisation. To reveal mechanisms mediating NETs-induced inflammation aggravation, we silenced GTPases involved in internalisation and inflammatory pathways in vivo and in vitro and detected downstream inflammatory pathways.
RESULTS: Serum and synovium from patients with RA showed a significant increase in NE and MPO, which positively correlated to disease activity. Inhibiting NETs formation alleviated the collagen-induced arthritis severity. In vitro, NETs are internalised by macrophages and located in early endosomes. Rab 5a was identified as the key mediator of the NETs internalisation and inflammatory cytokines secretion. Rab 5a knockout mice exhibited arthritis alleviation. Moreover, we found that NE contained in NETs activated the Rab5a-nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signal pathway and promoted the inflammatory cytokines secretion in macrophages.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that NETs-induced macrophages inflammation to aggravate RA in Rab 5a dependent manner. Mechanically, Rab5a mediated internalisation of NETs by macrophages and NE contained in NETs promoted macrophages inflammatory cytokines secretion through NF-κB-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells signal pathway. Therapeutic targeting Rab 5a or NE might extend novel strategies to minimise inflammation in RA.
The COVID-19 pandemic introduced fundamental challenges to nearly all aspects of college students' lives, yet changes in key domains of their health, including weight concerns, remain untested. The current study utilized a longitudinal project comprised of 355 young-adult college students (Mage=19.5, 66.8% female, 33.2% male) oversampled for recent substance use behavior. Participants completed multiple assessments (mode = 5) from September 2017 to September 2021. Piecewise growth-curve models tested whether COVID-19 onset was associated with changes in the trajectories of young adults' weight concerns. Analyses also examined participants' sex as a moderator of these trajectories. On average, participants reported a significant increase in weight concern levels around the start of COVID-19, although weight concern slopes were not significantly different before and after COVID-19. Additionally, moderation analyses showed that females (but not males) had a significant increase in weight concern levels after COVID-19 onset.
This preliminary study examines the link between war-related auditory (pseudo)hallucinations and symptoms of acute ICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and Complex PTSD (CPTSD) amidst ongoing conflict, with a specific focus on CPTSD. The research, which analyzed data from 2028 Israeli residents following the traumatic events of October 7, 2023, investigated the perception of non-existent sirens and their association with acute PTSD and CPTSD symptoms. The findings reveal that (pseudo)hallucinations were more prevalent among individuals with acute CPTSD symptoms compared to those with PTSD symptoms alone. Additionally, auditory (pseudo)hallucinations were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of CPTSD versus PTSD. These results were consistent for those directly and indirectly exposed individuals to the October 7 attack. Despite its cross-sectional nature, the study provides valuable insights into trauma-related auditory (pseudo)hallucinations in wartime contexts.
Cognitive reserve is the ability to actively cope with brain deterioration and delay cognitive decline in neurodegenerative diseases. It operates by optimizing performance through differential recruitment of brain networks or alternative cognitive strategies. We investigated cognitive reserve using Huntington's disease (HD) as a genetic model of neurodegeneration to compare premanifest HD, manifest HD, and controls. Contrary to manifest HD, premanifest HD behave as controls despite neurodegeneration. By decomposing the cognitive processes underlying decision making, drift diffusion models revealed a response profile that differs progressively from controls to premanifest and manifest HD. Here, we show that cognitive reserve in premanifest HD is supported by an increased rate of evidence accumulation compensating for the abnormal increase in the amount of evidence needed to make a decision. This higher rate is associated with left superior parietal and hippocampal hypertrophy, and exhibits a bell shape over the course of disease progression, characteristic of compensation.
Eligible healthy middle aged and older adults, aged 55 years and older, with high levels of trunk muscle control (ie. individuals with expertise in the Pilates Method of exercise) will participate in testing experiments to test-retest reliability of the muscle functional magnetic resonance imaging (mfMRI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques that were developed in order to study the neural control of trunk muscles.
Before starting yoga, "How are you feeling today?" will be asked to child. The yoga session will be individualized according to how the child feels. The content of the yoga sessions will progress in the form of warm-up exercises - breathing work - yoga postures (asana) - meditation - and progressive muscle relaxation exercises. Yoga sessions will be scheduled for 30 minutes. Yoga sessions and progressive muscle relaxation exercises will be held online once a week for eight weeks, then every two weeks for four months.
As a routine work in adult critical care unit at Menoufia University hospital for patients with circulatory failure, A 100 ml bolus of Normal Saline Flush, 0.9% Injectable Solution was given to the patient over 1 minute through a central venous catheter or jugular cannula. For prediction of responders, echocardiographic parameters measured followed by infusion of the remaining 400 ml of Normal Saline Flush, 0.9% Injectable Solution at a constant rate over 10 minutes then echocardiographic parameters measured again to detect the patient response.
This is an ancillary study to E-Mechanic, which is an National Institutes of Health study in 198 individuals with the objective to understand why certain people fail to lose weight in exercise programs. In E-Mechanic changes in body weight, body composition, energy intake and energy expenditure are measured before and after 3 different exercise programs of 24 weeks in duration. The 3 exercise programs being compared are self-directed exercise, low dose exercise and high dose exercise. The goal of this ancillary study is to undertake comprehensive assessments of energy metabolism in a metabolic chamber in a group of 60 obese individuals enrolled in the main study. We will compare differences in the changes in 24h energy expenditure and spontaneous physical activity between the 3 exercise programs. We will also test if changes in energy metabolism might explain why people don't lose the expected amount of weight after 24 weeks of exercise.
Enantiomers of 1′,6′-isoneplanocin, including derivatives of the enantiomers of 1′,6′-isoneplanocin, are disclosed along with novel synthetic methods. In particular, a substituted cyclopentane epoxide is synthesized into the enantiomers of 1′,6′-isoneplanocin. Enantiomers of carbocyclic nucleoside analogs of 3-deazaneplanocin to provide D- and L-like 1′,6′-iso-3-deazaneplanocin are also disclosed. The small molecule chemotherapeutic compounds beneficially provide DNA and RNA antiviral activity, demonstrating activity towards, for example, human cytomegalovirus, measles, Ebola, norovirus, dengue, vaccinia and HBV. Compounds exhibiting reduced S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase inhibitory effects are disclosed and provide improved toxicity profiles in comparison to neplanocin. The invention provides improved prophylactic and/or therapeutic antiviral efficacy.
Salts of N-dithiocarboxy amino acids wherein the amino acid is selected from taurine, aspartic acid, methionine, glutamic acid, glycine and lysine are prepared by reacting the amino acid with carbon disulphide in the presence of a base. Alkali metal, e.g. Na, K, alkaline earth metal, e.g. Ca, Mg or piperazine salts may be formed by use of the appropriate base in the reaction.  The compounds are used in veterinary compositions for the treatment of lungworm disease.ALSO:A veterinary composition for the treatment of lung worm disease comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of an N-dithiocarboxy amino acid and a nontoxic carrier, wherein the amino acid is selected from taurine, aspartic acid, methionine, glutomic acid, glycine and lysine.  The salt may be an alkali metal, e.g. Na, K, alkaline earth metal, e.g. Ca, Mg or piperazine salt.  The composition may be administered in the animal feed or drinking water in the form of a powder, granules or tablet or in some cases directly in the form of a suspension or injection.
OBJECTIVE: To identify characteristics of patients who have poor improvement in symptoms following surgical management of Zenker Diverticulum (ZD).
METHODS: Prospective, multicenter cohort study of all individuals enrolled in the Prospective OUtcomes of Cricopharyngeus Hypertonicity (POUCH) Collaborative who underwent surgical repair of ZD between August 2017 and January 2024. Patient demographics, esophagrams, and the 10-item Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) pre- and post-procedure were obtained from a REDCap database. t-tests, Wilcoxon rank sum tests, Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests were used to compare the characteristics. Patients with <50% improvement in their EAT-10 scores were deemed surgical nonresponders (SNRs). Those with ≥50% improvement in their EAT-10 scores were deemed surgical responders (SRs).
RESULTS: A total of 184 patients were prospectively followed after undergoing either open or endoscopic surgical management. Twenty-two patients (12%) were deemed SNRs. Preoperative presence of a hiatal hernia was statistically significant characteristic between the SNRs (63.6%) and SRs (32.1%) (p = 0.004). Size of the ZD and history of previous ZD surgery was not a significant characteristic. The length of stay and complication rate were not statistically different between the groups.
CONCLUSION: Coexistent esophageal pathology may lead to poor symptomatic improvement following ZD surgery. Preoperative workup of other esophageal disorders is recommended to detect likely SNRs. For SNRs, further esophageal workup may be necessary to evaluate for other esophageal causes related to poor symptomatic improvement following ZD surgery.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3 Laryngoscope, 134:4897-4902, 2024.
The present invention relates generally to the non-enzymatic glycosylation of amyloidogenic proteins and the consequent formation of advanced glycosylation endproducts (AGEs). It has been found that formation of AGE-amyloidogenic proteins can enhance amyloidosis. The invention further relates to compositions and methods for the prevention and treatment of amyloidosis associated with amyloid diseases, particularly neurodegenerative disease and Type II diabetes, and more particularly Alzheimer's disease. In a specific example, aggregation of an amyloidogenic peptide, betaAP, is enhanced by the glycosylation reaction of betaAP to form AGE-betaAP as defined herein. Accordingly, the invention extends to a method for modulating the in vivo aggregation of amyloid polypeptides and associated amyloidosis by controlling the formation and presence of AGE-amyloid polypeptide. A corresponding diagnostic utility comprises the measurement of the course and extent of amyloidosis by a measurement of the presence and amount of AGEs and particularly, AGE-amyloid. An assay is included that may use the AGE-amyloid polypeptide of the present invention to identify disease states characterized by the presence of AGE-amyloid. Additionally, such an assay can be utilized to monitor therapy and thus adjust a dosage regimen for a given disease state characterized by the presence of AGE-amyloid.
BACKGROUND: Stress hyperglycemia is now more common in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and is strongly associated with poor prognosis. Whether this association exists in critically ill patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) is unknown. This study investigated the prognostic relationship of stress hyperglycemia on critically ill patients with CS.
METHODS: We included 393 critically ill patients with CS from the MIMIC IV database in this study and categorized the patients into four groups based on quartiles of Stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR). We assessed the correlation between SHR and mortality using restricted cubic spline analysis and Cox proportional hazards models. The primary outcomes observed were ICU mortality and hospitalization mortality.
RESULTS: The mean age of the entire study population was 68 years, of which 30% were male (118 cases). There was no significant difference between the four groups in terms of age, gender, BMI, and vital signs (P>0.05). There was an increasing trend in the levels of lactate (lac), white blood cell count (WBC), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST), glucose and Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) from group Q1 to group Q2, with the greatest change in patients in group Q4 (P<0.05) and the patients in group Q4 had the highest use of mechanical ventilation, the longest duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU stay and hospital stay. After adjusting for confounders, SHR was found to be strongly associated with patient ICU mortality, showing a U-shaped relationship.
CONCLUSION: In critically ill patients with CS, stress hyperglycemia assessed by SHR was significantly associated with patient ICU mortality.
This study addresses the challenges faced by diabetic patients undergoing lower extremity amputation due to diabetic foot, particularly focusing on the implications for wound healing and early mortality. The wounds at the amputation stump may necessitate multiple surgical interventions. The aim is to identify prognostic factors associated with these outcomes, shedding light on the complexities surrounding the postamputation phase. A prospective study was conducted on 39 diabetic patients who underwent lower extremity amputation due to diabetic foot between 2021 and 2022. Comprehensive preoperative data, encompassing parameters such as blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, hemoglobin A1c, albumin, protein, transferrin, ferritin levels, age, gender, body mass index, smoking habits, dialysis, revascularization, duration of surgery, and the use of tourniquet during the procedure were meticulously recorded. Additionally, cognitive performance and depression status were assessed preoperatively using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), respectively. A follow-up period of 3 months postsurgery allowed for the comparison of patients who developed infections at the amputation stump with those who did not, as well as the distinction between patients who survived and those who succumbed to mortality. The study revealed that the use of a tourniquet during surgery significantly increased the risk of infection (p = .027), and higher BDI scores were associated with increased risks of both infection (AUC = 0.814) and mortality (AUC = 0.769), with cut-off scores of 24.0 and 23.5 predicting these outcomes with high sensitivity and specificity, respectively. Additionally, lower MMSE scores were associated with increased short-term postoperative mortality. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in parameters such as complete blood count, ESR, CRP, procalcitonin, HbA1c, albumin, total protein, transferrin, ferritin levels, age, gender, BMI, smoking, dialysis, revascularization, and surgery duration. This investigation highlights the significance of considering tourniquet usage during amputation, preoperative depression status, and cognitive function in patients who undergo amputation due to diabetic foot. The use of a tourniquet during surgery is a significant risk factor for infection, and elevated BDI scores are strong predictors of both infection and mortality in patients undergoing amputations. The findings underscore the importance of a multidisciplinary neuropsychiatric evaluation preoperatively to enhance patient care and outcomes.
* Metoclopramide can cause tardive dyskinesia (TD), a serious movement disorder that is often irreversible. There is no known treatment for TD. The risk of developing TD increases with duration of treatment and total cumulative dosage [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1) ]. 
  * Discontinue metoclopramide in patients who develop signs or symptoms of TD. In some patients, symptoms may lessen or resolve after metoclopramide is stopped [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1) ]. 
  * Avoid treatment with metoclopramide for longer than 12 weeks because of the increased risk of developing TD with longer-term use [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Dosage and Administration ( 2.2, 2.3) ].
This study is a single center double-blinded prospective randomized clinical trial. Patients will be recruited from the pool of patients seen by the Principal Investigators (PIs) and collaborating physicians in the UAMS pain management clinic through the Department of Anesthesiology. Candidacy for RFA is determined by the standard of care which includes diagnosis of axial low back pain without lower extremity radiation or other primary pain generators. These patients should not have had previous RFA's in the lumbar region before. These patients should receive greater than 80% pain relief following two diagnostic MBBs completed at separate times. In routine care, physicians discuss with patients the risks and benefits associated with the RFA procedure. In order to establish a baseline level of pain, disability, and impairment of daily living, patients are routinely asked to complete the PROMIS-29 questionnaire to the best of their ability. Once patients receive their second MBB they are to return 2 to 4 weeks later for RFA should they meet the necessary 80% pain relief. At the time of the procedure, a simple randomization performed by a staff member not involved in the patient's care, will be used to determine if the patient's procedure will involve the use of the Stratus Nimbus or the Stryker Venom electrode and cannula set. The provider performing the procedure will be made aware of which electrode is to be used. However, patients will be blinded to the group to which they were randomized. Patients will continue with conventional RFA as per standard of care. Patients will then be contacted at 1,3,6, and 9 months for assessment of response to intervention including the PROMIS-29 questionnaire. Scores are then compared to those taken at baseline to determine efficacy of treatment and inform future care.
Different taxa of insects have been reported to modify the skeletal remains of vertebrates during feeding or the creation of their larval and pupal chambers. Anecdotal reports on the modification of skeletal remains by ants exist but are rare. In this paper, a case of modification of bone due to the feeding activity of the ant, Crematogaster cf. liengmei (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), is reported. In November 2022, a bone was encountered incidentally in the vicinity of the Table Mountain National Park. The bone had been colonized by several individuals of Crematogaster cf. liengmei. Several ants were observed feeding on and removing bone particles and soft tissue remnants. A closer observation revealed striae/furrows on the epiphyseal ends of the bone. A 60-kg pig cadaver used in a winter decomposition trial in the same area was similarly colonized by this ant species, resulting in soft-tissue modification. Due to the similarity in the striae/furrows observed on the bone and the bitemarks inflicted by the ants on the right ear of the pig cadaver in the vicinity, it was concluded that the striae/furrows seen on the bone were created by the ants. Our observations show that Crematogaster cf. liengmei is an important taphonomic bio-agent that can contribute to the modification of skeletal remains in terrestrial environments.
Cognitive Rehabilitation and physical reminders, such as calendars, smart phones, self-notes and other methods to help subjects remember to attend all medical appointments and take their HIV medication. Subject will be exposed to 5 sessions of this particular training.
IV Favipiravir twice daily for 7 days. Starting dose 600 mg twice daily. Dose escalation to 1200 mg twice daily, 1800 twice daily, 2400 twice daily.
A sunscreen composition includes a metal oxide sunscreen active, an emollient including a benzoate ester and an organosilicon compound, an emulsifier, and one or more other ingredients such as water. The metal oxide may be present in an amount between about 3.0 wt. % to about 20.0 wt. %, the benzoate ester may be present in an amount between about 5.0 wt. % to about 30.0 wt. %, the organosilicon compound may be present in an amount of about 3.5 wt. %, the emulsifier may be present in an amount between about 2.0 wt. % to about 10.0 wt. %, and water may be present in an amount of 30.0 wt. % or more, based on the total weight of the sunscreen composition. The sunscreen composition may be in the form of lotion that does not foam and is rubbed in to contact the keratinous surface.