anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Approach to enteric anastomotic technique has been a subject of debate, with no clear consensus as to whether handsewn or stapled techniques are superior in trauma settings, which are influenced by unique perturbances to important processes such as immune function, coagulation, wound healing and response to infection. This systematic review and meta-analysis compares the risk of anastomotic complications in trauma patients with gastrointestinal injury requiring restoration of continuity with handsewn versus staples approaches.
METHODS: A comprehensive computer assisted search of electronic databases Medline, Embase and Cochrane Central was performed. Comparative studies evaluating stapled versus handsewn gastrointestinal anastomoses in trauma patients were included in this review. All anastomoses involving small intestine to small intestine, small to large intestine, and large intestine to large intestine were eligible. Anastomosis to the rectum was excluded. Outcomes evaluated were (1) anastomotic leak (AL) (2) a composite anastomotic complication (CAC) end point consisting of AL, enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) and deep abdominal abscess.
RESULTS: Eight studies involving 931 patients were included and of these patients, data from 790 patients were available for analysis. There was no significant difference identified for anastomotic leak between the two groups (OR = 0.77; 95% CI 0.24-2.45; P = 0.66). There was no significant improvement in composite anastomotic complication; defined as a composite of anastomotic leak, deep intra-abdominal abscess and intra-abdominal fistula, in the stapled anastomosis group (OR = 1.05; 95% CI 0.53-2.09; P = 0.90). Overall, there was limited evidence to suggest superiority with handsewn or stapled anastomosis for improving AL or CAC, however this was based on studies of moderate to high risk of bias with poor control for confounders.
DISCUSSION: This meta-analysis demonstrates no superiority improvement in anastomotic outcomes with handsewn or stapled repair. These findings may represent no effect in anastomotic outcome by technique for all situations. However, considering the paucity of information on potential confounders, perhaps there is a difference in outcome with overall technique or for specific subgroups that have not been described due to limited sample size and data on confounders. Currently, there is insufficient evidence to recommend an anastomotic technique in trauma.
Aortocardiac fistula is a broad term used to describe defects between the aorta and other cardiac chambers that can occur in humans and animals. A 1.5-year-old, 1.7 kg, male castrated Holland lop rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was presented for a two-week history of a heart murmur with corresponding cardiomegaly on radiographs. Physical examination confirmed a grade-V/VI continuous heart murmur on the right sternal border with a regular rhythm and a gallop sound. Echocardiography revealed an aortic-to-right-atrial fistula causing severe left-sided volume overload. Based on the echocardiographic findings, rupture of the right aortic sinus was suspected. Due to the poor prognosis, euthanasia was elected. On necropsy, a fistula was found connecting the right aortic sinus with the right atrium, without evidence of an inflammatory response nor evidence of an infectious etiology. The sudden onset of a heart murmur supported acquired fistulation from a ruptured aortic sinus (also known as the sinus of Valsalva), though a congenital malformation could not be completely excluded.
Mitochondrial myopathies are caused by mutant mitochondrial DNA, genetic defects in parts of the mitochondrial DNA. These defects can include missing or deleted DNA that typically codes for certain proteins involved in energy production. These mutations cause individual mitochondria and the body on a whole to produce energy less efficiently. Because muscle cells require extensive energy to function properly, they are particularly impaired by mitochondrial dysfunction. The onset of most mitochondrial myopathies occurs before the age of 20. Initially a person may experience muscle weakness and fatigue during physical activity. Other symptoms may include limited eye mobility, heart arrhythmias, slurred speech, swallowing difficulties, and impaired movement.

There is no cure yet for mitochondrial myopathies, nor is there any adequate treatment to stall disease progression. Exercise, known to boost the production and function of mitochondria in healthy people, may reduce symptoms in people with mitochondrial myopathies by increasing the number and function of normal mitochondria in an individual muscle cell. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of exercise training versus inactivity on the expression of normal and mutant mitochondrial DNA and on mitochondrial production within muscle cells in people with mitochondrial myopathies. The study will also assess how cell function, physical endurance, heart function, and quality of life are affected by exercise training and inactivity.

Participants in this 2-year study will first undergo physiological exercise testing, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of heart and skeletal muscles, a needle biopsy of muscle, and a questionnaire on quality of life. Participants will then be randomly assigned to partake in regular exercise training or no training for 6 months. After 6 months, all participants will undergo repeat testing of initial evaluations. Participants who had been in the exercising group will then switch to no exercise training for 6 months, and participants who had been in the non-exercising group will switch to regular exercise training for 6 months. The second 6-month period will also be followed by repeat testing of initial evaluations. Participants will then be encouraged to continue exercise training for an additional 1 year, with retesting at the end of the second year. Each of the four evaluations will take about 15 hours over 5 days.
Subjects will be their own control and will have repeated measures after the consumption of a drink with 400mg of natural caffeine. Blood pressure measurements will be taken at baseline, then hourly for four hours.
PURPOSE: To obtain a health and beauty-promoting agent having safety and excellent SOD actions (an action effectively removing O2 <-> thought as harmful for an organism and an action preventing disease, etc.) by using rice brans and soybeans as raw materials. CONSTITUTION: This health and beauty-promoting agent having the SOD action is characterized by blending 100 pts.wt. of distillation residue of a concentrated solution (e.g. a concentration of 40-50wt.%) of a fermented solution prepared by seeding Bacillus subtilis in a medium containing rice brans and soybeans, cultivating and filtering with 1-50 pts.wt. of extracted essence of green tea (e.g. a concentration of 40-50wt.%) as a value reduced to distillation residue. The fermented solution may contain flavonoid, and phytic acid or its salt may contain a green tea-extracted essence and the distillation residue (solid residue) may be used instead of the above solutions. This agent is also usable as a blood pressure-suppressing agent and a constipation-improving agent.
A Hippophae rhamnoides L. extract and its fraction are provided to produce cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition of antioxidation or antiaging, heath food or antibiotics and composition for antidiabetes or health food. A Hippophae rhamnoides L. extract is isolated using water, alcohol or their mixture solvent. The alcohol is C1-C4 low alcohol. An organic solvent fraction of the Hippophae rhamnoides L. extract is produced using organic solvent. The organic solvent is n-hexane, ethyl acetae or n-butanol. The Hippophae rhamnoides L. extract and its fraction comprises pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating diseases caused by excess accumulation of oxygen free radical, pharmaceutical composition for antiaging, cosmetic product of preventing antiaging and heath food for preventing and treating diabetes.
The invention belongs to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicines, and discloses a traditional Chinese medicine compound composition for treating ischemic stroke and a preparation method thereof. The composition is prepared from 7 Chinese medicinal materials, and is used for treating acute stage pathological factors of apoplexy, including wind, fire, phlegm and blood stasis. In the formula, the salvia miltiorrhiza bunge has the effects of activating blood and removing stasis toxin; rhubarb, radix et rhizoma Rhei purges hollow viscera, clears heat and removes blood stasis, and can clear fire and remove toxin of blood stasis; snakegourd fruit has the effects of purging fu-organs and resolving phlegm, and can help rhubarb purge fu-organs and clear phlegm-heat toxin; the three medicines are used together to clear away heat and toxic materials, clear hollow organs and reduce phlegm, activate blood and remove stasis, and clear away phlegm, heat and toxin stasis. Gardenia jasminoides ellis clears heat and purges fire, and helps rhubarb to clear heat and remove toxicity; gastrodia elata blunts liver wind, eliminating endogenous wind; rhizoma Acori Graminei has effects of inducing resuscitation and eliminating phlegm, activating the Xuan Fu, and clearing phlegm and toxic materials; arisaema cum bile clears fire and phlegm, and clears phlegm-heat and toxin, and has the effect of assisting snakegourd fruit in clearing heat and eliminating phlegm. The whole formula aims at wind fire phlegm stasis in the acute stage of the apoplexy and plays the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, eliminating phlegm for resuscitation, promoting blood circulation and removing obstruction in channels. The experiment shows that the brain protection medicine also has the brain protection effects of inhibiting inflammation and resisting apoptosis.
BACKGROUND: The incidence of anastomotic leakage (AL) following esophagectomy is regarded as a noteworthy complication. There is a need for biomarkers to facilitate early diagnosis of AL in high-risk esophageal cancer (EC) patients, thereby minimizing its morbidity and mortality. We assessed the predictive abilities of inflammatory biomarkers for AL in patients after esophagectomy.
METHODS: In order to ascertain the predictive efficacy of biomarkers for AL, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were generated. Furthermore, univariate, LASSO, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to discern the risk factors associated with AL. Based on these identified risk factors, a diagnostic nomogram model was formulated and subsequently assessed for its predictive performance.
RESULTS: Among the 438 patients diagnosed with EC, a total of 25 patients encountered AL. Notably, elevated levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) were observed in the AL group as compared to the non-AL group, demonstrating statistical significance. Particularly, IL-6 exhibited the highest predictive capacity for early postoperative AL, exhibiting a sensitivity of 92.00% and specificity of 61.02% at a cut-off value of 132.13 pg/ml. Univariate, LASSO, and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that fasting blood glucose ≥7.0mmol/L and heightened levels of IL-10, IL-6, CRP, and PCT were associated with an augmented risk of AL. Consequently, a nomogram model was formulated based on the results of multivariate logistic analyses. The diagnostic nomogram model displayed a robust discriminatory ability in predicting AL, as indicated by a C-Index value of 0.940. Moreover, the decision curve analysis provided further evidence supporting the clinical utility of this diagnostic nomogram model.
CONCLUSIONS: This predictive instrument can serve as a valuable resource for clinicians, empowering them to make informed clinical judgments aimed at averting the onset of AL.
BACKGROUND: According to the literature, the brachial plexus presents a high rate of anatomical variations in the human neural system. The musculocutaneous nerve, a vital component of the brachial plexus, exhibits significant anatomical variations that hold clinical relevance across multiple medical disciplines. This case report, with a comprehensive review, explores the different variations in the course, branching patterns, and clinical implications of the musculocutaneous nerve. Understanding these variations is essential for surgeons, radiologists, and clinicians to enhance surgical precision, improve diagnostic accuracy, and reduce the risk of iatrogenic complications.
CASE REPORT: During an anatomical dissection we observed a very rare anatomical variation of the musculocutaneous nerve. Based on this discovery, we performed research in the literature with the aim of finding if this variation has been previously described. Firstly, we identified various classifications of anatomical variations of communicating branches between the musculocutaneous and median nerves, and then we observed that these variations corresponded to various rates of frequency. Our finding is a rare undescribed anatomical variant within the variants classified as Type II according to Le Minor, which is observed in 6.8-10.7% of cases.
CONCLUSIONS: The peculiar position of anatomical variations and anastomosis has clinical and functional relevance. Healthcare professionals must be aware of these variations to minimize surgical complications, accurately diagnose neurovascular pathologies, and optimize patient management. Further research into the genetic and embryological underpinnings of these variations may provide additional insights into this intriguing aspect of human anatomy.
This is a 3-year pragmatic trial with four levels of intervention, including system-, provider-, patient-, and community-level components at each of the CARES clinical sites. Health system components will include the development and implementation of a CRC screening registry and tracking database to systematically and actively track patients overdue for screening, screening test completion, and abnormal screening results. Data systems will be coupled with process re-design to improve clinical workflow for screening outreach. Providers will receive educational support through a training session about the importance of CRC screening, screening test options, population management, and an instructional on how to complete a Cologuard kit (Cologuard arm only) or a FIT kit (FIT arm only). Patient components of the intervention vary by study arm. In sites randomized to Cologuard, patients will receive a mailed Cologuard kit and the Exact Sciences patient support program. Patients in clinics randomized to FIT will receive a mailed FIT kit with systematic reminders. Patients who test positive will be offered patient navigation to assist with completing a diagnostic colonoscopy.
Patients receive paclitaxel IV over 3 hours on day 1, carboplatin IV over 30-60 minutes on day 1, and pevonedistat IV over 1 hour on days 1, 3, and 5. Treatment repeats every 21 days for at least 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable simple and quick measurement of the quantity of sebum by a method wherein laminated sebum permeable members are pressed onto the surface of skin for a specified time length to make sebum of the skin surface permeate into the sebum permeable members and variations are judged in the number of the sebum permeable members permeated by the sebum. SOLUTION: Sebum permeable members 2 are mounted on a base body 1 and bent free to expand in bellows. The base body 1 is bent at parts 1a-1a' and is provided with a colored area 3 to facilitate the judgment of the quantity of sebum and a window 4 to keep a contact area constant between skin and the sebum permeable members 2. The apparatus thus obtained is closed and the sebum permeable members 2 as laminated are pressed onto a forehead or the like for a fixed time length through the window 4. Then, the apparatus is opened, the sebum permeable members 2 are pulled out to be expanded and the colored area 3 provided on the base body 1 is stacked on a background. The number of the members permeated by the sebum is read out to judge the quantity of the sebum.
The present invention relates to a method for the evaluation of the activity and/or specificity of a regulatory sequence or of a viral component, wherein a viral vector is introduced into a cell of a transgenic non-human animal comprising in its genome one or more viral sequences. However, said transgenic animal is deficient in at least one viral sequence required for generation of the virus. This viral sequence is included in the viral vector introduced into the cell of the transgenic animal, thereby allowing reconstitution of viral particle generation in the transgenic animal. After maintaining the transgenic animal under suitable conditions allowing the production of viral particles, the cells in which viral particles are produced can be detected and evaluated, respectively. The method according to the present invention can also be adapted to evaluate the distribution of a receptor for a ligand in an animal.  The present invention also provides a transgenic non-human animal applicable for use in the method according to the present invention.
FIELD: medicine, veterinary science. SUBSTANCE: the system of delivery is suggested that contains medicinal substance in combination with swelling material of internal part, the latter is surrounded with water-insoluble or relatively water-insoluble material of covering where particles of water-insoluble material are located. When delivering device enters gastrointestinal tract, material of particles absorbs liquid by, thus, forming channels connecting internal part containing medicinal substance with external side of delivering device. Through these channels liquid enters internal part that is swollen so that covering is damaged. After integrity is damaged internal part is immediately disintegrated by releasing the whole or major part of medicinal substance in certain area. By regulating such parameters in the device as material of internal part, material of carrier in covering and material of particles one may thoroughly control the site of medicinal substance releasing. Thus, the present innovation enables to carry out treatment of diseases due to releasing medicinal substances in gastrointestinal tract due to site- and time-dependent way. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 35 cl, 11 dwg, 7 ex, 5 tbl
Participants receive Nimotuzumab 400 mg intravenously (IV) on Day 1 of each week cycle (QW) for 7-8 cycles followed by Nimotuzumab 400 mg IV on Day 1 of each 2-week cycle (Q2W) for an additional 12 cycles. During the QW dosing period of Nimotuzumab, participants receive concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The standard of care chemoradiotherapy regimen includes cisplatin 40 mg/m\^2 IV once or divides into 3 times per week (QW) for 4 or 5 weeks plus external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) followed by brachytherapy with minimum total radiotherapy dose of 80-85 Gray Units (Gy) for volume-directed given with the total duration of radiation treatment not to exceed 8 weeks .
BACKGROUND: The cell division cycle-associated (CDCA) family participates in the cell cycle, and the dysregulation of its expression is associated with the development of several types of cancers. However, the roles of CDCAs in lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD) have not been investigated in systematic research.
METHODS: Using data retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the expression of CDCAs in LUAD and normal tissues was compared, and survival analysis was performed using the data. Also, the correlation between clinical characteristics and the expression of CDCAs was assessed. Using data from cBioPortal, we investigated genetic alterations in CDCAs and their prognostic implications. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed to validate our findings from TCGA data. Following this, we created a risk score model to develop a nomogram. We also performed gene set enrichment analyses (GSEA), gene ontology, and KEGG pathway analysis. We used Timer to analyze the correlation between immune cell infiltration, tumor purity, and expression data.
RESULTS: Our results indicated that all CDCAs were expressed at high levels in LUAD; this could be associated with poor overall survival, as indicated in TCGA data. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses revealed that CDCA4/5 could serve as independent risk factors. The results of immunohistochemical analyses confirmed our results. Based on the estimation of expression levels, clinical characteristics, alterations, and immune infiltration, the low-risk group of CDCA4/5 had a better prognosis than the high-risk group. Immune therapy is also a potential treatment option.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, our findings indicate that CDCAs play important roles in LUAD, and CDCA4/5 can serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in LUAD.
Individuals who use ST are at risk for developing heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, and cancer. Other long-term effects include tooth abrasion, gum recession, and loss of bone in the jaw. Many individuals who use ST recognize the health risks associated with ST, but either do not want to quit or feel that it is impossible to quit. For these individuals, tobacco reduction may be an important transitional goal, either prior to quitting or as a treatment endpoint. The need exists for a program specifically aimed towards reducing, rather than quitting, tobacco use. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of nicotine gum at reducing ST use, as well as assessing the motivation to either quit or sustain lower levels of ST use.

This 8-week study will enroll frequent users of ST. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either nicotine lozenge plus behavioral counseling or behavioral counseling alone. All participants will be asked to alternate use of their usual ST brand with nicotine lozenge or placebo in order to reduce nicotine intake by 50% during the first 4 weeks and by 75% the following 4 weeks. Participants will be required to maintain a daily tobacco use diary. Study visits will occur once a week. Tobacco levels will be monitored with urine tests, and questionnaires will be completed to assess tobacco use. Follow-up evaluations will occur 12 and 26 weeks following the end of treatment.
Gastric cancer remains the world's second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The prognosis for patients with this cancer clearly depends on stage at diagnosis. At least for the intestinal subtype of gastric adenocarcinoma, a cascade of histopathologic lesions has been defined: chronic gastritis, atrophic chronic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia (IM), and intraepithelial neoplasia (IN). The identification of these lesions and follow-up of patients in whom they are found could lead to diagnosis of gastric cancer at an early stage, thus improving patients' survival. The diagnosis of these lesions, which often appear in flat mucosa, is currently based on histopathologic examination of endoscopic biopsy specimens. However, conventional white-light endoscopy (WLE) for this purpose has high interobserver variability and a poor correlation with histopathologic finding.

Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE), producing both conventional WLE and confocal microscopic images, can provide a direct histological observation of the in vivo tissue without the need for biopsy. Recently, CLE has shown its value for diagnosing gastric IM, intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma. However, none of those CLE criteria for gastric IM, IN or carcinoma (CA) has been validated in various endoscopic centers, hence reducing the reliability and clinical application of them.