anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and chronic stress on the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in older adults, and the potential role of chronic stress in the association.
METHODS: This study included 122,494 UK Biobank participants aged ≥60 years without AF at baseline. Latent class analysis was used to define the SES of participants. Chronic stress was measured using allostatic load (AL), and participants were categorized into low, medium and high AL groups. The Cox proportional hazards model, mediation, and interaction analyses were conducted to investigate the associations between SES, AL, and AF risk.
RESULTS: Low SES (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.10; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-1.15) and high AL (HR: 1.37; 95 % CI: 1.30-1.45) were associated with an increased risk of AF, respectively. Individuals in the low SES and high AL groups exhibited the highest risk of AF compared to those in the high SES and low AL groups (HR: 1.46; 95 % CI: 1.32-1.61). We identified additive and multiplicative interactions in the low SES and high AL groups (relative risk due to interaction: 0.12 (95 % CI: 0.02-0.22); P for interaction = 0.0385). AL also exerted a partial mediating effect on the association between SES and the incidence of AF (mediation proportion: 17.3 %; 95 % CI: 5.9-28.7 %).
CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed significant associations between SES, chronic stress, and the incidence of AF in older adults. Chronic stress was also shown to partially mediate the association.
The explanation of consciousness poses one of the greatest challenges to science and philosophy in the 21st century. It remains unclear what consciousness is and how it emerges from brain activity. Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) studies will be carried out to reveal the neural correlates of consciousness. Consciousness of the subjects will be manipulated with anesthetic agents dexmedetomidine acting through α2-agonism, with propofol and sevoflurane both mainly acting through the enhancement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system, and with S-ketamine acting through N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonism. One-hundred-and-sixty (160) healthy male subjects will be recruited to receive EC50 concentration of either dexmedetomidine, propofol, S-ketamine or sevoflurane, or placebo while being imaged for cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (CMRglu). 40 subjects will receive dexmedetomidine, 40 subjects propofol, 20 subjects S-ketamine, 40 subjects sevoflurane and 20 subjects will receive placebo. Also genetic, immunological and metabolomics samples will be taken and analysed to find possible genetic factors explaining the variability in drug response and to find possible immunological and chemical fingerprints of acute drug effect.
The study will compare the efficacy of receiving different "doses" of mindfulness training over a 28-day period in a prospective 4-armed, parallel-group randomised controlled trial. Participants will be randomised into one of the 4 groups: 10 minutes of meditation per day, 20 minutes of meditation per day, 30 minutes of meditation per day, or a minimal dose of 3-4 minutes of meditation per day. All participants will be encouraged not to complete any further mindfulness training or practice during the intervention period, apart from informal practice during daily life.

Self-reported biopsychosocial measures will be evaluated at four time points; before randomization (baseline; T0), 2 weeks after randomisation (mid-intervention, T0.5), 4 weeks after randomization (post-intervention; T1), and 2 months after randomization (post follow-up; T2). In addition, weekly and daily outcomes will be evaluated between T0 and T1. Individual adherence and meditation-related experiences (including adverse events) will be monitored and compared across treatments. The trial will consist of three main phases: the Run-in Period, the Intervention Period, and the Follow-up period, as described below.
The present disclosure provides a method of preparing polylactic acid microspheres comprising the following steps. Providing a first solution, wherein the first solution comprises polylactic acid and an organic solvent. Providing a second solution, wherein the second solution comprises polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and an aqueous solution. The first solution is added to the second solution while stirring the second solution until the polylactic acid solidifies to form a plurality of polylactic acid microspheres. Collecting the polylactic acid microspheres. The present disclosure also provides polylactic acid microspheres. The polylactic acid microspheres are formed by the aggregation of polylactic acid. The polylactic acid microspheres have smooth surfaces and particle sizes between 30 microns and 100 microns. The polyvinyl alcohol and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with specific proportion can be used for preparing the polylactic acid microspheres with centralized particle size distribution and smooth surfaces and the yield can be nine times; in addition, the prepared injection has the advantages of short rehydration time, better agglomeration resistance and needle penetration.
The potential brain mechanism underlying resilience to socially transferred allodynia remains unknown. Here, we utilize a well-established socially transferred allodynia paradigm to segregate male mice into pain-susceptible and pain-resilient subgroups. Brain screening results show that ventral tegmental area glutamatergic neurons are selectively activated in pain-resilient mice as compared to control and pain-susceptible mice. Chemogenetic manipulations demonstrate that activation and inhibition of ventral tegmental area glutamatergic neurons bi-directionally regulate resilience to socially transferred allodynia. Moreover, ventral tegmental area glutamatergic neurons that project specifically to the nucleus accumbens shell and lateral habenula regulate the development and maintenance of the pain-resilient phenotype, respectively. Together, we establish an approach to explore individual variations in pain response and identify ventral tegmental area glutamatergic neurons and related downstream circuits as critical targets for resilience to socially transferred allodynia and the development of conceptually innovative analgesics.
The dental prosthesis comprises a base of a durable corrosion-resistant metallic alloy and an external decorative layer is made of a harder material than the base and comprises one or more compounds selected from the nitrides, oxynitrides, carboxynitrides, cyanonitrides, and oxides of metals of the subordinate subgroup of Group IV of the periodic system. preferably Ti and Zr. The thickness ratio of the external decorative layer to the base is 1:10-200 respectively. In the case where the base comprises a structure of soldered members made of a durable corrosion-resistant metallic alloy, the zone of the soldered juncture or the entire structure is coated, by electroplating or vacuum technique, with an additional layer of cobalt, nickel, molybdenum chromium, or zirconium, or nitrides of chromium or molybdenum. The thickness ratio of the additional layer to the external decorative layer is 0.5-1:1 respectively. Thereafter, the external decorative layer is deposited by vacuum technique.
INTRODUCTION: Enteral nutrition (EN) is the recommended nutritional support in most critically ill populations. When given by feeding tube, EN may be administered either continuously or intermittently. It is unclear which approach is superior in reducing gastrointestinal complications-such as diarrhea-and meeting nutritional targets. The main objectives of this systematic review and meta-analysis are to (1) determine whether continuous or intermittent enteral nutrition is associated with higher incidence of adverse gastrointestinal outcomes, including diarrhea, and (2) determine which feeding modality is associated with reaching nutritional goals. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This systematic review protocol is reported in accordance with guidelines from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement. We will search MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry (ICTRP) search portal for studies comparing continuous EN and intermittent EN in critically ill patients with no date or language restrictions. Studies will be screened, selected, and extracted independently and in duplicate. We will assess the risk-of-bias assessment using the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias (RoB) 2 tool. The primary outcome will include the incidence of diarrhea; secondary outcomes include other adverse GI outcomes (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and constipation), as well as reaching nutritional goals, and length of ICU and hospital stay and mortality. We will pool data using a random-effects model and assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) methodology.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval is not required for this study as no original data will be collected. We will disseminate results through peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42022330118.
RCT3 included bookHEALTH, the interactive version of eHEALTH, and telephonic coaching support provided by trained health lifestyle coaches every 2 weeks alternating between a telephone call (typically 15 to 20 minutes) and a personalized e-mail. The coaches used motivational interviewing, helped participants solve problems, and reinforced their successes.
A pharmaceutical radioactive capsule comprises walls of a non-toxic, water soluble thermoplastic material, e.g. gelatine, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, having a thin film of a radioactive compound adsorbed on a part or the whole of the internal surface of the walls of the capsule.  The radioactive compound which is absorbable in the gastro-intestinal tract, is introduced into the capsule in the form of a solution in a volatile organic solvent which may contain up to 20 per cent water, e.g. 85 per cent and 95 per cent ethanol, methanol, acetone, dioxane, 50:50 methanol ether, which is allowed to evaporate leaving the radioactive compound as a thin firmly adherent film on the interior surface of the walls.  Specified radioactive compounds are alkali metal iodides having radioactive alkali metals, e.g. sodium, potassium, rubidium, or radioactive iodine atoms, potassium di-hydrogen phosphate having radioactive prosphorus atoms, ferric chloride having radioactive iron atoms, sucrose having radioactive carbon atoms, tritiostreptomycin (in the form of chloride) having radioactive hydrogen atoms, penicillin containing radioactive carbon and sulphur and radioactive calcium, zinc and copper.ALSO:A pharmaceutical radio-active capsule comprises walls of a non-toxic water soluble thermoplastic material, e.g. gelatin, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, having a thin film of a radio-active compound adsorbed on a part of the whole of the internal surface of the walls of the capsule.  The radioactive compound which is absorbable in the gastro-intestinal tract, is introduced into the capsule in the form a solution in volatile organic solvent which may contain up to 20 per cent water, e.g. 85 per cent and 95 per cent ethanol, methanol, acetone, dioxene, 50:50 methanol ether, which is allowed to evaporate leaving the radio - active compound as a thin firmly adherent film on the interior surface of the walls.  Specified radio-active compounds are alkali metal iodides having radio-active alkali metal, e.g. sodium, potassium, rubidium, or radio-active iodine atoms, potassium dihydrogen phosphate having radio-active phosphorous atoms, ferric chloride having radio-active iron atoms, sucrose having radioactive carbon atoms, tritiostreptomycin (in the form of the chloride having radio-active hydrogen atoms, penicillin containing radio-active carbon and sulphur, and radio-active calcium, zinc and copper.
Digital wearable system (Owlytics Healthcare's app) enables a 24/7 health-tracking service, collecting personal health data from wearable wristbands and insoles. The data is analyzed by machine-learning algorithms that can detect abnormal physiological patterns. This allows the prediction and prevention of potentially harmful health events (such as falls).
FIELD: organic chemistry, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to derivatives of cyclohexane carboxylic acid of the general formula (I):   where R 1  - a group O-alkyl-C 3 -C 5 (R 4 ) where alkyl moiety is linear or branched one and R 4  means free phenyl or phenyl substituted with fluorine, chlorine atom or methyl at position 4, or the group O-CH 2 -cycloalkyl-C 3 -C 5 (R 4 ) where R 4  has the indicated value; R 2  and R 3  are similar or distinct and mean hydrogen atom or hydroxyl, a mixture of their isomers or separate isomers and physiologically tolerant salts. Invention relates to also a pharmaceutical composition showing an inhibitory effect on an enzymatic complex of hepatic glucose 6-phosphatase and containing at least one pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary substance and at least one an active substance based on the derivative of cyclohexane carboxylic acid. Composition has the compound of the general formula (I) as a derivative of cyclohexane carboxylic acid as a mixture of isomers or a separate isomer or its physiologically tolerant salt taken at the effective amount. EFFECT: valuable biochemical property of compounds. 3 cl, 1 ex
In several cancer types, metastasis is associated with poor prognosis, survival, and quality of life, representing a life risk more significant than the primary tumor itself. Metastasis is a multi-step process that spreads tumor cells from primary sites to surrounding or distant organs, originating secondary tumors. The interconnected steps that drive metastasis depend of several capabilities that enable cells to detach from the primary tumor, acquire motility and migrate through the basal membrane; invade and spread through the vascular system, and finally settle and originate a new tumor. Recently, stress-induced phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1) has emerged as a protein capable of driving tumor cells through these metastasis steps by mediating several biological processes and signaling pathways. This protein is mainly known for its function as a co-chaperone, acting as a scaffold for the interaction of its client heat-shock proteins Hsp70/90 chaperones; however, it is also known that STIP1 can act independently of chaperones to activate downstream phosphorylation pathways. The over-expression of STIP1 has been reported across various cancer types, identifying it as a potential biomarker for predicting patient prognosis and monitoring the progression of metastasis. Here, we present a discussion on how this co-chaperone mediates the initial steps of metastasis (cell adhesion loss, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis), highlighting the biological mechanisms in which STIP1 plays a vital role, also presenting an overview of the current knowledge regarding its clinical relevance.
In this study, there will be two groups as the intervention (who will receive inhaler treatment with an education and toy type nebulizer) and the control group (who will not receive training and will receive inhaler treatment with a classic-looking nebulizer). A power analysis was performed based on the number of children in both groups, based on another study using the scales to be used in the research. According to the calculations made in the G-Power 3.1 Demo package program, when the effect size was accepted as 0.8, it was seen that at least 32 cases in each group would be sufficient for 80% power. Children who meet the research criteria will be randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups via http://www.randomize.org/ by assigning a number to the order of arrival at the hospital.

Inhaler treatment will be applied to both the intervention and control groups. Both the parent and the child in the intervention group will be trained on the use of a nebulizer/mask. The children in the intervention group will be treated with a toy-type nebulizer and the group will be treated with an inhaler, and the control group will be given inhaler treatment with the standard nebulizer in the hospital. Two researchers were employed for the inhaler treatment both for the intervention and control groups. One researcher performed the inhaler treatment for all children and the other researcher helped the children to assess their fear and anxiety level. Fear and anxiety in children were evaluated by the children and their parents who before, during, and the procedure, and five minutes after the procedure. The inhaler treatment procedure was performed by the same researcher both in the intervention and control groups.
Patients with certain homozygous or compound heterozygous variants in the DPYDgene known to result in complete or near complete absence of DPD activity (complete DPD deficiency) are at increased risk for acute early-onset toxicity and serious, including fatal, adverse reactions due to capecitabine (e.g., mucositis, diarrhea, neutropenia, and neurotoxicity). Patients with partial DPD activity (partial DPD deficiency) may also have increased risk of serious, including fatal, adverse reactions. 

Capecitabine is not recommended for use in patients known to have certain homozygous or compound heterozygous DPYDvariants that result in complete DPD deficiency. 

Withhold or permanently discontinue capecitabine based on clinical assessment of the onset, duration, and severity of the observed adverse reactions in patients with evidence of acute early- onset or unusually severe reactions, which may indicate complete DPD deficiency. No capecitabine dose has been proven safe for patients with complete DPD deficiency. There are insufficient data to recommend a specific dose in patients with partial DPD deficiency.

Consider testing for genetic variants of DPYDprior to initiating capecitabine to reduce the risk of serious adverse reactions if the patient’s clinical status permits and based on clinical judgement [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.5)]. Serious adverse reactions may still occur even if no DPYDvariants are identified. 

An FDA-authorized test for the detection of genetic variants of DPYD to identify patients at risk of serious adverse reactions due to increased systemic exposure to capecitabine is not currently available. Currently available tests used to identify DPYD variants may vary in accuracy and design (e.g., which DPYD variant(s) they identify).
Sodium Iodide I-131 (NaI-131) for therapeutic use is supplied for oral administration in small opaque white gelatin capsules, inside a blue and clear outer capsule. Each I-131 mini capsule is available in strengths ranging from (0.1 – 150 mCi) at the time of calibration. Iodine 131 decays by beta emission and associated gamma emission with a physical half-life of 8.04 days.

Sodium Iodide I-131 Mini Capsules are compounded by absorbing a solution of carrier-free sodium iodide I-131 into inert filler. The iodine 131 utilized in the preparation of the capsules contains not less than 99% Iodine-131 at the time of calibration.

Gelatin capsules are compounded per prescription requirements using high specific concentration I-131, allowing higher iodine activity in a small easy to swallow high activity capsule size. Capsules are formulated to rapidly dissolve in saline solution, to allow use for oral solution administration when clinically necessary.
Behavioral counseling intervention conducted by a trained physician at the SCTS cessation clinic. Subjects complete "homework" before the session to facilitate this process. Subjects are asked to identify high-risk situations and difficulties in previous cessation attempts and are walked through a series of suggestions in the event of a slip. Three brief (approximately 10 minute) phone calls are provided to subjects during the 90 day follow-up period. These calls are used to identify early relapse, encourage participants, and provide support. In addition, they are used to review materials and information provided during the sessions.
We report a case of the simultaneous use of split liver transplantation (SLT), domino liver transplantation (DLT) and auxiliary liver transplantation (ALT) to achieve "one donor for three recipients". Three recipients had hepatitis C cirrhosis, argininemia, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), respectively. We performed SLT in the first two recipients (an adult and a child), with the donor liver coming from a female who died of severe head trauma. The right lobe of the child, as the "domino liver graft", was transplanted to the postoperative HCC patient, whose left lateral lobe was preserved after tumor resection. All recipients were discharged from the hospital. During the 12 months of follow-up, all three recipients remained alive.
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tract diseases with significant morbidity and mortality. Current treatments remain unspecific and supportive due to the severity and clinical course of AP, which can fluctuate rapidly and unpredictably. Mitochondria, cellular power plant to produce energy, are involved in a variety of physiological or pathological activities in human body. There is a growing evidence indicating that mitochondria damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs) play an important role in pathogenesis and progression of AP. With the pro-inflammatory properties, released mtDAMPs may damage pancreatic cells by binding with receptors, activating downstream molecules and releasing inflammatory factors. This review focuses on the possible interaction between AP and mtDAMPs, which include cytochrome c (Cyt c), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), cardiolipin (CL), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and succinate, with focus on experimental research and potential therapeutic targets in clinical practice. Preventing or diminishing the release of mtDAMPs or targeting the mtDAMPs receptors might have a role in AP progression.