anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Functional constipation (FC) in children is a common gastrointestinal disorder with a worldwide-pooled prevalence of 9.5%. Complaints include infrequent bowel movements, painful defecation due to hard and/or large stools, faecal incontinence, and abdominal pain. Prebiotic oligosaccharides have been shown to relieve constipation symptoms in young adults and elderly. However, sufficient evidence is lacking linking additional prebiotic intake to improve symptoms in children with FC. We hypothesise that prebiotic oligosaccharides are able to relieve symptoms of constipation in young children as well.
METHODS: In the present randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-centre study, we will study the effects of two prebiotic oligosaccharides in comparison to placebo on constipation symptoms in children of 1-5 years (12 to 72 months) of age diagnosed with FC according to the Rome IV criteria for functional gastrointestinal disorders. The primary outcome measure will be change in stool consistency. Secondary outcomes include stool frequency and stool consistency in a number of cases (%). Tertiary outcomes include among others painful defecation, use of rescue medication, and quality of life. In addition, the impact on gut microbiome outcomes such as faecal microbiota composition and metabolites will be investigated. Participants start with a run-in period, after which they will receive supplements delivered in tins with scoops for 8 weeks, containing one of the two prebiotic oligosaccharides or placebo, followed by a 4-week wash-out period.
DISCUSSION: This randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled multi-centre study will investigate the effectiveness of prebiotic oligosaccharides in children aged 1-5 years with FC.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04282551. Registered on 24 February 2020.
The composite material comprises a biocompatible titanium (Ti) or biocompatible Ti alloy, and biodegradable component, which is intended to at least partially desorb in vivo in contact with human tissue and which has an Young's elastic modulus lower than used Ti or Ti alloy. The material is prepared from a mixture of the particles of Ti or Ti alloy and the particles of the biodegradable component, wherein the biodegradable component, in particular magnesium (Mg), is dispersed throughout a volume of the material and occupies 2 to 20 volumic % in the material. The biodegradable component is present in a bearing Ti or Ti alloy structure in the form of filaments oriented along an extrusion axis. A manufacturing process comprises fabrication of powders, mechanical blending of powders to a homogeneous mixture and a subsequent extrusion at a temperature from 300 °C to 640 °C. The components are consolidated to a common mass, wherein during a consolidation the biodegradable component is formed into filaments oriented along an extrusion direction. Prior heated and extrusion the powder mixture may be precompacted in order to reach acceptable handling strength and cohesion.
This is a randomized, double-blind study that consists of two parts. In Part 1, the study will consist of 3 phases: a 14-day screening phase, a double-blind treatment phase of 12 weeks comparing two doses of study drug (0.5 mg/kg or 1.0 mg/kg groups based on patient's body weight), and an end-of-study or early withdrawal phase followed by Part 2, which consists a of double-blind treatment continuation for patients who have achieved healing during the short-term double-blind treatment phase. The double-blind maintenance treatment phase lasts for not more than 24 weeks and is concluded by an end-of-study/early withdrawal visit. During Part 1, patients will be screened and the diagnosis of erosive and non-erosive Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) will be made based on clinical symptoms and confirmed by endoscopy/histology after a biopsy. Patients enrolled in the study will receive study drug once daily for 12 weeks. Each day, the parent/caregiver will record the presence and severity of pre-specified GERD symptoms. At Weeks 4 and 8, the investigator will evaluate the response to treatment by assessment of the GERD symptoms. At Week 12, the investigator will perform an endoscopy of the esophagus with a biopsy to confirm that histological healing has occurred. If a patient continues, additional study drug will be dispensed (at the same dose taken during the short-term double-blind treatment phase) and the patient will be scheduled to return every 8 weeks until study drug is discontinued at Week 24 (Part 2) of the double-blind maintenance treatment phase. At the final visit of the maintenance treatment phase Week 24 (Part 2), assessments including an endoscopy of the esophagus with a biopsy be performed for each patient. Assessments of effectiveness include endoscopic and histological grading of biopsy samples, GERD symptom and severity score (symptoms and severity rated daily by the parent/caregiver in an electronic diary), overall GERD symptom relief, Clinical Global Impression of Improvement (CGI-I) score, and the Global Treatment Satisfaction Score. Safety assessments will include the monitoring of concomitant therapies and adverse events throughout the study, clinical laboratory testing (including hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis), vital signs, and physical examination including height, weight, and Tanner staging. Oral rabeprazole 2.5 capsules or 5 mg capsules, given once daily at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg or 1.0 mg/kg; short-term treatment phase is 12 weeks; long-term maintenance treatment phase is 24 weeks.
INTRODUCTION: Chronic traumatic neck pain has a high prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). However, whether PTSS moderates treatment effects is unknown. This study investigated: 1) whether PTSS was associated with patient-reported outcomes and clinical test results at baseline; 2) whether PTSS moderated the effect of a multimodal physiotherapy intervention of exercise therapy and patient education; and 3) whether adherence to the intervention differed across PTSS groups.
METHODS: Secondary data analysis from a randomized controlled trial on chronic neck pain with 12-month follow-up was conducted. Patients were divided into three groups (NT = non-traumatic, LT = traumatic low PTSS, HT = traumatic high PTSS) based on self-reported onset of pain and the Impact of Event Scale. The baseline data were used to analyze the association of PTSS with patient demographics and scores of physical and mental health-related quality of life, depression, neck-related disability, kinesiophobia, and clinical tests. Baseline, 4-month and 12-month follow-up data were analyzed to investigate possible moderating effects on outcomes. Data on adherence were collected at four months.
RESULTS: 115 participants were included (NT n = 45; LT n = 46; HT n = 24). The HT group reported lower mental health scores and more depressive symptoms at baseline. PTSS did not significantly moderate the treatment effect on any outcomes. The HT group tended to have lower adherence to the multimodal physiotherapy intervention than the LT group.
CONCLUSION: For patients with traumatic neck pain, high levels of PTSS are associated with poorer psychological outcomes but do not affect the outcomes of multimodal physiotherapy intervention.
The invention discloses haw liquor, which is prepared from the following raw materials (by weight): 500-510 parts of rice, 3-4 parts of maltose, 18-19 parts of haw, 2-3 parts of fructus amomi, 1-2 parts of chicken's gizzard membrane, 4-5 parts of pseudostellaria root, 2-3 parts of dried orange peel, 5-6 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 0.25-0.3 part of glucoamylase, 0.1-0.2 part of amylase, a proper amount of lactic acid, 5-6 parts of distiller's yeast, 0.8-0.9 part of chitosan and 1-1.2 parts of carrageenan. After roasted and puffed, the raw material rice has a porous and loose structure, which is beneficial to catalytic hydrolysis of glucoamylase. The introduced superheated steam has large heat transfer coefficient, thus accelerating heating rate of rice. After baking soda is dissolved in water, hydroxide ions are ionized out of the solution. Therefore, association among water molecules is weakened, degree of freedom of water molecules is increased, and water molecules are easy to enter rice starch molecules to swell rice and enhance degree of gelatinization. With the addition of chitosan and carrageenan, gastric acid which is produced under stimulation of alcohol can be neutralized, thus reducing stimulus. In addition, the product can invigorate stomach.
Anesthesia for craniotomy presents a unique challenge to the anesthesiologist. Anesthesia for neurosurgical procedures should provide optimal surgical conditions while maintaining appropriate cerebral oxygen supply and stable systemic hemodynamics. (1) It is important to prevent patient response to noxious stimuli during the procedure like pinning, drilling of the bone, opening and manipulation of the dura etc., avoid coughing and bucking during surgery and during extubation thus necessitating a deeper level of anesthesia and analgesia. At the same time it is desirable to have the patient fully awake toward the end of the surgery in order to facilitate neurologic evaluation. Management of the above presents a challenge during induction, maintenance and extubation and also during multiple critical stages of surgery Fear of the side effects of analgesic drugs frequently leads to the under-treatment of post-craniotomy pain. (2) Nevertheless, this pain continues to be commonly observed, is frequently severe, and, if unrelieved, may cause distress for the neurosurgical patient and serious complications for the operative brain. (2) There is a need for larger trials to delineate safety and efficacy of analgesic therapies with a focus on short- and long-term outcomes.
This is a randomized controlled trial with three intervention arms: en_línea, standard group therapy and control group. To perform this study, 305 adults (18-65 years) with overweight type II (27-29.9 kg/m2) or obesity type I (30-34.9 kg/m2) will be invited to participate. Interventions will last 17 weeks with follow-ups 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the post-treatment appointment. The primary outcome will be post-treatment weight loss and the maintenance during the follow-ups. Secondary outcomes will be adherence rates, drop outs and quality of life. Participants will be assessed before randomization and they will be sign an inform consent.
Participants will receive JNJ-67856633 until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or the investigator or sponsor decision. Subsequent dose levels will be assigned by the sponsor using an adaptive dose escalation strategy based on all available safety, pharmacokinetic (PK), and biomarker data.
Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression has been reported with the use of opioids, even when used as recommended. Respiratory depression, if not immediately recognized and treated, may lead to respiratory arrest and death.

Remifentanil HCl should be administered only by persons specifically trained in the use of anesthetic drugs and the management of the respiratory effects of potent opioids, including respiration and cardiac resuscitation of patients in the age group being treated. Such training must include the establishment and maintenance of a patent airway and assisted ventilation. Resuscitative and intubation equipment, oxygen, and opioid antagonists must be readily available.

Respiratory depression in spontaneously breathing patients is generally managed by decreasing the rate of the infusion of remifentanil HCl by 50% or by temporarily discontinuing the infusion [see Overdosage (10)]. 

Carbon dioxide (CO2) retention from opioid-induced respiratory depression can exacerbate the sedating effects of opioids. While serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression can occur at any time during the use of remifentanil HCl, the risk is greatest during the initiation of therapy or following a dosage increase. Monitor patients closely for respiratory depression, especially when initiating therapy with and following dosage increases of remifentanil HCl. 

Remifentanil HCl should not be used in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures outside the monitored anesthesia care setting. Patients receiving monitored anesthesia care should be continuously monitored by persons not involved in the conduct of the surgical or diagnostic procedure. Oxygen saturation should be monitored on a continuous basis.

Patients with significant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or cor pulmonale, and those with a substantially decreased respiratory reserve, hypoxia, hypercapnia, or pre-existing respiratory depression are at increased risk of decreased respiratory drive including apnea, even at recommended dosages of remifentanil HCl. Elderly, cachectic, or debilitated patients may have altered pharmacokinetics or altered clearance compared to younger, healthier patients resulting in greater risk for respiratory depression. Monitor such patients closely including vital signs, particularly when initiating and titrating remifentanil HCl and when remifentanil HCl is given concomitantly with other drugs that depress respiration. To reduce the risk of respiratory depression, proper dosing and titration of remifentanil HCl are essential [see Dosage and Administration (2.11)].
Prolonged acting pharmaceutical preparations are prepared by a process which comprises embedding a solid pharmacologically active material having a selected, substantially uniform particle size in a cohesive matrix by intimately mixing said active material with (a) a substance which is inert and insoluble in gastro-intestinal fluids, e.g. CaSO4. 1/2 H2O, Ca3(PO4)2 or Florite, (b) a substance selected from the group consisting of fats and waxes which are solid at body temperature and non-hydrophilic salts of alkaline earth metals and aluminium, and (c) a binding and/or swelling agent, all of which said ingredients (a) to (c) are solids and have the same substantially uniform particle size as the said active material, then adding a granulating agent and, if the ingredients (a) to (c) are not inherently cohesive, an adhesive agent, granulating and, if desired, compressing to form tablets.  Before being embedded in the matrix, the active material may first be admixed with a solid material which is soluble in gastrointestinal fluids, for example, NaCl, Na2HPO4 or a sugar, e.g. glucose.  Suitable matrix ingredients (b) are the stearates and palmitates of calcium, magnesium and aluminium.  The binding or swelling agent may be selected from methyl and ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, cellulose acetate and p  prolamines such as zein, kafirin, hordein and gliadin. Water may be used as granulating agent and, where an adhesive agent is also employed, this may be added as a solution in a liquid granulating agent, e.g. solutions of colophonium in alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone or polyethylene glycol.  Examples describe preparations containing as active ingredient (a) orphenadrine, (b) orphenadrine citrate, (c) physostigmine salicylate and (d) ephedrine hydrochloride.
The use of human α1-antitrypsin as a foodstuff or as a medicament, utilizing its capacity to bind steroids and steroid-like substances, and transporting them in biological systems is described. Particularly the direct oral administration of the milk of transgenic animals containing abundant amounts (10-60 g/L) of human α1-AT to reinstate a defect intestinal synthesis or to complement the normal physiological biosynthesis of α1-AT is described. Such treatment will reduce the total body load of bile acids by increasing their gastrointestinal elimination. It is expected to be beneficial for bile acid related diseases such as all cholestatic liver diseases, and bile-reflux gastritis. Such treatment is expected to be particularly beneficial in cases of neonatal cholestasis, as newborns circulate large quantities of hydrophobic bile acids which cause liver injury and may contribute to injury of other tissues. It will be protective in cases where bile acids cause tissue injury such as vasculitis, glomerulonephritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. It will be beneficial against diarrhoea in intestinal bacterial overgrowth and bile acid malabsorption. Increased gastrointestinal elimination of the steroid structure may also reduce the total body load of cholesterol and thus be efficient in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
The invention provides a DNA-nanoparticle composite material based on a nanopore technology and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite material is obtained by hybridizing the tetrahedral DNA formed by annealing four nucleic acid molecules shown in SEQ ID NO:1-4 with the DNA single chain (SEQ ID NO:5) of the nano-particles with sulfhydryl modification. The invention provides a novel detection mechanism of a through hole of a DNA carrying nano particle (such as AuNPs) based on a nano hole technology for the first time, and a gold particle is combined outside a DNA tetrahedron. After the disease molecules to be detected are added, the disease molecules which are correctly matched with the tetrahedron-gold particle carrier can release gold particles outside the tetrahedron. Through agarose gel electrophoresis and nanopore device detection, the detection of the disease molecules is shown to have strong specificity, and only the matched disease molecules can release gold particles. The composite material has wide application prospect in the fields of disease detection, disease treatment and the like.
OBJECTIVE: The rise of spinal surgery for ankylosing spondylitis (AS) necessitates balancing health care costs with quality patient care. Frailty has been independently associated with adverse outcomes and increased costs. This study investigates whether frailty is an independent predictor of poor outcomes after elective surgery for AS.
METHODS: Using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database, a retrospective study was conducted on adult patients with AS who underwent posterior spinal fusion for fracture between 2016 and 2019. Each patient was assigned a modified frailty index (mFI) score and categorized as prefrail (mFI = 0 or 1), moderately frail (mFI = 2), and highly frail (mFI≥3). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent predictors of extended length of stay, non-routine discharge (NRD), and exorbitant admission costs.
RESULTS: Of the 1910 patients, 35.3% were prefrail, 31.2% moderately frail, and 33.5% highly frail. Age was significantly different across groups (P < 0.001), and frailty was associated with increased comorbidities (P < 0.001). Mean length of stay (P = 0.007), NRD rate (P < 0.001), and mean cost of admission (P = 0.002) all significantly increased with increasing frailty. However, frailty was not an independent predictor of extended hospital stay, NRD, or higher costs on multivariate analysis. Instead, predictors included multiple adverse events, number of comorbidities, and race.
CONCLUSIONS: While frailty in patients with AS is associated with older age, greater comorbidities, and increased adverse events, it was not an independent predictor of extended hospital stay, NRD, or higher hospital costs. Further research is required to understand the full impact of frailty on surgical outcomes and develop effective interventions.
ADVICOR is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to niacin, lovastatin or any component of this medication, active liver disease or unexplained persistent elevations in serum transaminases (see WARNINGS), active peptic ulcer disease, or arterial bleeding.

Concomitant administration with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., itraconazole, ketoconazole, posaconazole, HIV protease inhibitors, boceprevir, telaprevir, erythromycin, clarithromycin, telithromycin and nefazodone) (see WARNINGS, Myopathy/Rhabdomyolysis).

Pregnancy and lactation \- Atherosclerosis is a chronic process and the discontinuation of lipid-lowering drugs during pregnancy should have little impact on the outcome of long-term therapy of primary hypercholesterolemia. Moreover, cholesterol and other products of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway are essential components for fetal development, including synthesis of steroids and cell membranes. Because of the ability of inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase, such as lovastatin, to decrease the synthesis of cholesterol and possibly other products of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, ADVICOR is contraindicated in women who are pregnant and in lactating mothers. ADVICOR may cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant women. ADVICOR should be administered to women of childbearing age only when such patients are highly unlikely to conceive. If the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, ADVICOR should be discontinued immediately and the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus (see PRECAUTIONS, Pregnancy).
A full-automatic intelligent liquid nitrogen gun with multiple sensors, integrated driving and control functions for skin cryotherapy and a control method thereof belong to the medical apparatus for liquid nitrogen cryotherapy. The problems that the prior art is low in liquid nitrogen flow control accuracy, liquid nitrogen waste is caused and the like are solved. The opening adjusting unit adjusts the opening area according to the deviation of the actual flow rate and the target flow rate of the nitrogen to adjust the flow rate of the nitrogen at the nozzle. The micro turbine flow meter measures the nitrogen flow as feedback for closed loop control. The heat transfer adjusting unit transfers heat required by vaporization of liquid nitrogen into the system by controlling air flow of the heat transfer layer. When the liquid nitrogen gun starts to work, the electromagnetic valve is opened, the micro vacuum pump pumps low-temperature air and pumps external normal-temperature air into the heat transfer layer, and heat transfer regulation is realized; when the liquid nitrogen gun receives a stop signal, the electromagnetic valve is closed, the micro vacuum pump continuously pumps out air in the heat transfer layer until the pressure of the heat transfer layer reaches a specified value, the micro vacuum pump stops working, the heat transfer layer is at negative pressure, and heat is reduced and transferred to liquid nitrogen, so that waste is reduced.