anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A method and system of responding to adverse environmental conditions local to a user of an oxygen concentrator is disclosed. Physiological data of the user is collected. Operational data of the oxygen concentrator is collected during operation of the oxygen concentrator. Environment data local to the oxygen concentrator is collected. Based on the collected environmental data, it is determined whether adverse environmental conditions exist local to the oxygen concentrator. The collected physiological, operational, and environmental data are analyzed to determine a responsive action to the determined adverse environmental conditions. The responsive action is communicated to the user.
BACKGROUND: Arginine is a conditionally essential amino acid that is depleted in critically ill or surgical patients. In pediatric and adult patients, sepsis results in an arginine-deficient state, and the depletion of plasma arginine is associated with greater mortality. However, direct supplementation of arginine can result in the excessive production of nitric oxide (NO), which can contribute to the hypotension and macrovascular hypo-reactivity observed in septic shock. Pegylated arginine deiminase (ADI-PEG20, pegargiminase) reduces plasma arginine and generates citrulline that can be transported intracellularly to generate local arginine and NO, without resulting in hypotension, while maintaining microvascular patency. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of ADI-PEG20 with and without supplemental intravenous citrulline in mitigating hypovolemic shock, maintaining tissue levels of arginine, and reducing systemic inflammation in an endotoxemic pediatric pig model.
METHODS: Twenty 3-week-old crossbred piglets were implanted with jugular and carotid catheters as well as telemetry devices in the femoral artery to measure blood pressure, body temperature, heart rate, and respiration rate. The piglets were assigned to one of three treatments before undergoing a 5 h lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infusion protocol. Twenty-four hours before LPS infusion, control pigs (LPS; n=6) received saline, ADI-PEG20 pigs (n=7) received an injection of ADI-PEG20, and seven pigs (ADI-PEG20 + CIT pigs [n=7]) received ADI-PEG20 and 250 mg/kg citrulline intravenously. Pigs were monitored throughout LPS infusion and tissue was harvested at the end of the protocol.
RESULTS: Plasma arginine levels decreased and remained low in ADI-PEG20 + CIT and ADI-PEG20 pigs compared with LPS pigs but tissue arginine levels in the liver and kidney were similar across all treatments. Mean arterial pressure in all groups decreased from 90 mmHg to 60 mmHg within 1 h of LPS infusion but there were no significant differences between treatment groups. ADI-PEG20 and ADI-PEG20 + CIT pigs had less CD45+ infiltrate in the liver and lung and lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the plasma.
CONCLUSION: ADI-PEG20 and citrulline supplementation failed to ameliorate the hypotension associated with acute endotoxic sepsis in pigs but reduced systemic and local inflammation in the lung and liver.
The safety, pharmacokinetics, and effectiveness of TIVICAY and TIVICAY PD were evaluated in 75 HIV-1–infected, treatment-naïve or treatment-experienced, INSTI-naïve pediatric and adolescent subjects aged 4 weeks to less than 18 years weighing at least 3 kg in an ongoing, open-label, multicenter, dose-finding clinical trial, IMPAACT P1093 [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1), Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3), Clinical Studies ( 14.3)] . Additional pharmacokinetics data were evaluated in 2 pharmacokinetic substudies in ODYSSEY, an ongoing open-label, randomized, non-inferiority trial to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic parameters of TIVICAY or TIVICAY PD plus two NRTIs compared with standard of care in HIV-1–infected pediatric subjects younger than 18 years [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3)] . 

Overall, the safety data in pediatric subjects from the IMPAACT P1093 trial were comparable to those observed in adults [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1)] . The pharmacokinetic parameters of TIVICAY or TIVICAY PD in pediatric subjects from IMPAACT P1093 and ODYSSEY were comparable to those of adults receiving 50 mg once daily or twice daily [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3)] . The effectiveness observed in IMPAACT P1093 is comparable to that of treatment-experienced adult subjects. 

Safety and effectiveness of TIVICAY or TIVICAY PD have not been established in pediatric patients aged less than 4 weeks or weighing less than 3 kg or in any pediatric patients who are INSTI-experienced with documented or clinically suspected resistance to other INSTIs (e.g., raltegravir, elvitegravir).
OBJECTIVES: To observe the effects of melatonin on autophagy in cortical neurons of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) and to explore its mechanisms via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, aiming to provide a basis for the clinical application of melatonin.
METHODS: Seven-day-old Sprague-Dawley neonatal rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group, an HIBD group, and a melatonin group (n=9 each). The neonatal rat HIBD model was established using the classic Rice-Vannucci method. Neuronal morphology in the neonatal rat cerebral cortex was observed with hematoxylin-eosin staining and Nissl staining. Autophagy-related protein levels of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin-1 were detected by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analysis. Phosphorylated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (p-PI3K) and phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) protein expression levels were measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The correlation between autophagy and the PI3K pathway in the melatonin group and the HIBD group was analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis.
RESULTS: Twenty-four hours post-modeling, neurons in the sham operation group displayed normal size and orderly arrangement. In contrast, neurons in the HIBD group showed swelling and disorderly arrangement, while those in the melatonin group had relatively normal morphology and more orderly arrangement. Nissl bodies were normal in the sham operation group but distorted in the HIBD group; however, they remained relatively intact in the melatonin group. The average fluorescence intensity of LC3 and Beclin-1 was higher in the HIBD group compared to the sham operation group, but was reduced in the melatonin group compared to the HIBD group (P<0.05). The number of p-PI3K+ and p-AKT+ cells decreased in the HIBD group compared to the sham operation group but increased in the melatonin group compared to the HIBD group (P<0.05). LC3 and Beclin-1 protein expression levels were higher, and p-PI3K and p-AKT levels were lower in the HIBD group compared to the sham operation group (P<0.05); however, in the melatonin group, LC3 and Beclin-1 levels decreased, and p-PI3K and p-AKT increased compared to the HIBD group (P<0.05). The correlation analysis results showed that the difference of the mean fluorescence intensity of LC3 and Beclin-1 protein in the injured cerebral cortex between the melatonin and HIBD groups was negatively correlated with the difference of the number of p-PI3K+ and p-AKT+ cells between the two groups (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Melatonin can inhibit excessive autophagy in cortical neurons of neonatal rats with HIBD, thereby alleviating HIBD. This mechanism is associated with the PI3K/AKT pathway.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent and aggressive malignancy with high mortality rates and significant risks to human well-being. Population-wide screening for tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes shows promise for reducing the incidence and fatality of CRC. Recent studies have suggested that NLRX1, an innate immunity suppressor, may play a role in regulating chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis. However, further investigation is needed to understand the specific role of NLRX1 in CRC. To evaluate the impact of NLRX1 on migration, invasion, and metastasis, two human colon cancer cell lines were studied in vitro. Additionally, a knockout mouse tumor-bearing model was used to validate the inhibitory effect of NLRX1 on tumor emergence and progression. The Seahorse XF96 technology was employed to assess mitochondrial function and glycolysis in colorectal cancer cells overexpressing NLRX1. Moreover, public databases were consulted to analyze gene and protein expression levels of NLRX1. Finally, the results were validated using a series of CRC patient samples. Our findings demonstrate that downregulation of NLRX1 enhances proliferation, colony formation, and tumor-forming capacity in HCT116 and LoVo cells. Conversely, overexpression of NLRX1 negatively impacts basal respiration and mitochondrial ATP-linked respiration in both cell lines, resulting in a notable decrease in maximal respiration during the standard mitochondrial stress test. Furthermore, analysis of data from the TCGA database reveals a significant reduction in NLRX1 expression in colon and rectal cancer tissues compared to normal tissues. This result was validated using clinical samples, where immunohistochemistry staining and western blotting demonstrated a notable reduction in NLRX1 protein levels in CRC compared to adjacent normal tissues. The decreased expression of NLRX1 may serve as a significant prognostic indicator and diagnostic biomarker for CRC patients.
In recent years, preclinical research on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has surged to the forefront of scientific and clinical attention. DKD has become a pervasive complication of type 2 diabetes. Given the complexity of its etiology and pathological mechanisms, current interventions, including drugs, dietary modifications, exercise, hypoglycemic treatments and lipid-lowering methods, often fall short in achieving desired therapeutic outcomes. Iridoids, primarily derived from the potent components of traditional herbs, have been the subject of long-standing research. Preclinical data suggest that iridoids possess notable renal protective properties; however, there has been no summary of the research on their efficacy in the management and treatment of DKD. This article consolidates findings from in vivo and in vitro research on iridoids in the context of DKD and highlights their shared anti-inflammatory activities in treating this condition. Additionally, it explores how certain iridoid components modify their chemical structures through the regulation of intestinal flora, potentially bolstering their therapeutic effects. This review provides a focused examination of the mechanisms through which iridoids may prevent or treat DKD, offering valuable insights for future research endeavors. Please cite this article as: Zhou TY, Tian N, Li L, Yu R. Iridoids modulate inflammation in diabetic kidney disease: A review. J Integr Med. 2024; 22(3): 210-222.
The present invention relates to a composition comprising pesticide and polyalkylene oxide. The invention furthermore relates to pyrrolidone alkylene oxides and the use thereof in agrochemical formulations. It furthermore relates to the use of the composition according to the invention for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and/or undesired vegetation and/or undesired attack by insects or mites and/or for regulating the growth of plants. Furthermore, it relates to the use of a composition according to the invention for controlling undesired attack by insects or mites on plants and/or for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and/or for controlling undesired vegetation, where seeds of useful plants are treated with the composition. Finally, the present invention also relates to seed treated with the composition according to the invention. The present invention comprises combinations of preferred features together with other preferred features.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic inflammatory disease, primarily affecting the joints and with stromal tissue dysregulation causing chronic inflammation and joint destruction. Rutin is a natural flavonoid with potential therapeutic properties in chronic destructive conditions including rheumatoid diseases. In this study, the protective effects of rutin nanoformulation in an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis caused by Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) were investigated. Sixty male rats were randomly divided into ten groups including normal, negative control, prednisolone 10 mg/kg (positive control), 3 doses of rutin (15, 30, 45mg/kg), rutin nanoparticles (15, 30, 45 mg/kg), and nanoparticle without rutin, for 28 days. Different behavioral parameters including the open field test, acetone drop test, hot plate test, Von Frey test, and inclined plane test were evaluated. Serum levels of glutathione (GSH), catalase, and nitric oxide as well as histopathological analyses were measured in different groups. Also, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 activity were appraised by gelatin zymography. The injection of FCA prolonged the rats' immobility duration in comparison to the control group. Rheumatoid arthritis induction also increased nitric oxide and decreased GSH and catalase levels, while these effects were reversed in the groups that received nanoparticles containing rutin and prednisolone. Rutin nanoparticles suppressed MMP-9 and activated MMP-2. Also, this rutin drug delivery system plays a significant role in the improvement of histopathological symptoms. Considering the improvement of behavioral and tissue symptoms and the modulation of the level of inflammatory cytokines, nanoparticles containing rutin can be proposed as a suitable approach in the management of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
UNLABELLED: Cutibacterium acnes is a major skin commensal that may act as an opportunistic pathogen. It is difficult to interpret findings of C. acnes in tissue cultures obtained during arthroplasty revision surgery, since they may represent true infection or contamination. This study investigated whether C. acnes obtained from prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) were related and shared common genomic traits that might correlate with clinical courses and patient outcomes. C. acnes isolates from revision surgery of patients with PJIs of the hip, shoulder, and knee were characterized using molecular methods to determine the sequence type (ST) and the presence of possible virulence determinants (Christie-Atkins-Munch-Peterson factors, dermatan sulfate-binding adhesion 1, hyaluronidase lyase, and linear plasmid). A standardized review of the patients' medical charts was performed. The study included 37 patients with C. acnes culture-positive tissue samples where multiple isolates of C. acnes belonged to the same ST. Most of the isolates belonged to phylotype IA1. Phylogenetic analysis of virulence determinants revealed no shared pattern among PJI isolates. Seven patients had a polymicrobial infection. Exchange revision was performed in 70% of the patients, and >50% of all patients received antibiotic treatment for ≥3 months. Failure was noted in seven patients. No specific ST or any identifiable unique feature among virulence determinants were found among C. acnes isolated from PJIs of hips and shoulders. The majority of patients had low inflammatory markers and were treated successfully, even polymicrobial infections. However, failure was more common among shoulder infections compared with hip infections.
IMPORTANCE: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a rare complication after arthroplasty surgery. The infection seldom resolves without a combination of both surgical and antibiotic treatment and can cause significant suffering among affected patients. Cutibacterium acnes is a common skin bacterium that is most often found in shoulder PJIs but can also infect other prostheses. In this study, we conducted a review of patients with previously verified PJIs involving C. acnes in hip or shoulder prostheses, along with a genomic analysis of the bacteria causing the infections. The majority of patients had successful outcomes. We did not identify any specific phylogenetic lineage or specific molecular signature of virulence factors among these PJI-associated C. acnes isolates that seemed to be associated with increased potential to cause infection among this species. This indicates that C. acnes isolated from PJIs originates from the patients' own skin microbiome and is inoculated during the arthroplasty surgery.
Participants will be randomized to AB or BA crossover where A= Fasted, B =Fed. Sequence I: Single oral dose TAK-020 25 mg, Fasted (A), 7 days washout, single oral dose TAK-020 Fed (B) Sequence II: Single oral dose TAK-020 25 mg, Fed (B), 7 days washout, single oral dose TAK-020 Fasted (A) Dose will be determined from SRD trial and Part 1.
The invention relates to a compound abrotanum formulation, in particular to an amodiaquine hydrochloride and artesunate three section suppository, which has the formulation that: amodiaquine hydrochloride and stearin are arranged at the upper layer; food dye red color No. 40 and stearin are arranged in the middle layer; artesunate and stearin are arranged in the lower layer. The combination of the amodiaquine hydrochloride and the artesunate prevents the generation of drug resistance of malarial parasite and greatly improves the healing efficiency and cure rate. Besides, with the advantage of fast absorption and quick effect in suppository, the invention can be best applied to children and patients suffering from dysphagia. By avoiding the first-pass effect in rectal administration and realizing fast effect, the suppository is usually taken as first-aid medicine for patients suffering from serious malaria. Therefore, the suppository can be promoted in remote area to ensure timely and effective anti-malaria treatment, thus realizing outstanding advantage for countries in the third world.
Patients in this group will receive five injections of paravertebral blocks from T1 to T5 level. 5 ml of 0.5% "ropivacaine" was injected at each level.
Patients receive lapatinib ditosylate PO daily and tamoxifen citrate PO daily. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Otolaryngologists are vital to successfully managing chronic cough in adults. This review presents updates regarding rapidly evolving concepts in chronic cough.
RECENT FINDINGS: Significant growth is occurring in chronic cough research, strengthening the evidence of its major psychosocial impacts. Elucidation of the neural underpinnings of normal and abnormal cough within both the peripheral and central nervous systems highlight the previously underappreciated complexity of cough. Recent clinical practice recommendations emphasize personalized treatment approaches through addressing treatable traits of chronic cough. Investigations are ongoing to better distinguish chronic cough subgroups, and multiple types of important clinical outcome measures are being characterized. Newer research about chronic cough treatment encompasses pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions, including oral and inhaled medications, superior laryngeal nerve blocks, and behavioral therapy.
SUMMARY: As knowledge about chronic cough in adults continues to expand in both research and clinical practice, otolaryngologists can continue to raise awareness of the role of the larynx in cough and promote ongoing multidisciplinary collaborations. In the coming years, more pharmacologic options and personalized treatment approaches will likely emerge for chronic cough.
SPC-flakes flat dose of 75 g/d divided in 2 - 4 doses started 5 days prior to start of RCT and continued during the RCT. Salovum egg powder 4 g/sachet. Four sachets, ie 16 g q 8 h for 5 days prior to start of RCT. The appropriate amount of Salovum is mixed with 100 - 200 ml of suitable liquid, eg fruit juice, and ingested orally.
Paroxetine hydrochloride extended-release tablets are indicated for the treatment of panic disorder, with or without agoraphobia, as defined in DSM-IV. Panic disorder is characterized by the occurrence of unexpected panic attacks and associated concern about having additional attacks, worry about the implications or consequences of the attacks and/or a significant change in behavior related to the attacks. 

The efficacy of paroxetine hydrochloride extended-release tablets was established in two 10 week trials in panic disorder patients whose diagnoses corresponded to the DSM-IV category of panic disorder (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Clinical Trials). 

Panic disorder (DSM-IV) is characterized by recurrent unexpected panic attacks, i.e., a discrete period of intense fear or discomfort in which four (or more) of the following symptoms develop abruptly and reach a peak within 10 minutes: (1) palpitations, pounding heart or accelerated heart rate; (2) sweating; (3) trembling or shaking; (4) sensations of shortness of breath or smothering; (5) feeling of choking; (6) chest pain or discomfort; (7) nausea or abdominal distress; (8) feeling dizzy, unsteady, lightheaded or faint; (9) derealization (feelings of unreality) or depersonalization (being detached from oneself); (10) fear of losing control; (11) fear of dying; (12) paresthesias (numbness or tingling sensations); (13) chills or hot flushes. 

Long-term maintenance of efficacy with the immediate-release formulation of paroxetine was demonstrated in a 3 month relapse prevention trial. In this trial, patients with panic disorder assigned to immediate-release paroxetine demonstrated a lower relapse rate compared to patients on placebo (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Clinical Trials). Nevertheless, the physician who prescribes paroxetine hydrochloride extended-release tablets for extended periods should periodically reevaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).
In this study, a multiplex PCR method was developed for the detection of four diarrhea-associated viruses of canines, including canine bocavirus (CBoV), canine circovirus (CCV), torque teno canis virus (TTCV), and canine kobuvirus (CKV). Four pairs of compatible primers, one specific for each virus, were designed based on conserved sequences. After optimization of parameters such as primer concentration and annealing temperature in single and multiple amplifications, four specific fragments were amplified simultaneously with high sensitivity and specificity in one PCR reaction. The fragments amplified were 165 bp (CBoV), 345 bp (CCV), 506 bp (TTCV), and 666 bp (CKV) in length. The sensitivity of this one-step multiplex PCR is about 10 times lower than that of regular singleplex PCR. There was no cross-reaction with the canine pathogens canine parvovirus (CPV), canine distemper virus (CDV), or canine coronavirus (CCoV). Testing of canine fecal samples from China using the multiplex PCR assay revealed the presence of CBoV, CCV, TTCV, and CKV in 10.1%, 6.2%, 2.8%, and 1.7% of the samples, respectively. The results of multiplex PCR agreed with the singleplex PCR results with a coincidence rate of 100%. In addition, the complete genome sequences of the viruses in three CKV-positive samples were determined and found to be 95.7 - 96.6% identical to the reference strain US-PC0082 and genetically more distant from other animal kobuvirus. The multiplex PCR method established in this study is convenient, with high specificity and sensitivity, which will be helpful for the rapid differential diagnosis of CBoV, CCV, TTCV, and CKV infections.