anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Asymptomatic gallstones are commonly detected using preoperative imaging in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), but its management remains a topic of debate.
METHODS: Clinicopathologic characteristics of patients who had asymptomatic gallstones presenting during the colorectal procedure were retrospectively reviewed. Medical records, including postoperative morbidity, mortality, and long-term gallstone-related diseases, were assessed.
RESULTS: Of 134 patients with CRC having asymptomatic gallstones, 89 underwent elective colorectal surgery only (observation group), and 45 underwent elective colorectal surgery with simultaneous cholecystectomy (cholecystectomy group). After propensity score matching (PSM), the complications were similar in the 2 groups. During the follow-up period, biliary complications were noted in 11 patients (12.4%) in the observation group within 2 years after the initial CRC surgery, but no case was found in the cholecystectomy group. After PSM, the incidence of long-term biliary complications remained significantly higher in the observation group than in the cholecystectomy group (26.5% vs 0.0%; P < .01). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified female gender, old age (≥65 years old), and small multiple gallstones as independent risk factors for the development of long-term gallstone-related diseases in patients from the observation group.
CONCLUSION: Simultaneous prophylactic cholecystectomy during prepared, elective CRC surgery did not increase postoperative morbidity or mortality but decreased the risk of subsequent gallstone-related complications. Hence, simultaneous cholecystectomy might be a preferred therapeutic option for patients with CRC having asymptomatic gallstones in cases of elective surgery, especially for older patients (≥65 years old), female patients, and those with small multiple calculi.
Objective:To explore the safety and efficacy of airless endoscopic surgery in the treatment of parathyroid diseases. Methods:By retrospective comparison, clinical treatment of 26 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery of the Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University from January 2018 to January 2023 were collected. They were divided into traditional group(13 cases) and endoscopic group(13 cases) according to the surgical method. The traditional group underwent traditional open parathyroid surgery, and the endoscopic group underwent airless endoscopic surgery through the subclavian approach. The efficacy, postoperative incision pain, incidence of adverse events, and aesthetic effects of the two groups were evaluated. Results:A total of 26 patients were included, including 13 patients in the traditional group and 13 patients in the endoscopic group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of hypocalcemia and transient hypoparathyroidism on the first day after surgery between the two groups(P>0.05). No patients with incision pain(>3 points) or swallowing pain were found in both groups after the operation, and they were afraid or unwilling to cough and expel phlegm. There were no significant differences in the amount of blood loss, duration of operation, incidence of temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and transient hypocalcemia, and postoperative pain score between the two groups. The endoscopic group's scar evaluation score and aesthetic effect satisfaction score at 6 months after surgery were higher than those of the traditional group(P<0.01). Conclusion:Airless Endoscopic parathyroid surgery via the subclavian approach has good effectiveness and safety, which did not significantly increase the risk of surgery. It can safely remove the lesion and leave no surgical scar on the anterior neck, which has the advantage of a good cosmetic effect. It is a safe and feasible endoscopic parathyroid surgery and can be used as a new choice for patients undergoing parathyroid surgery.
Methods and apparatus for designing a skull prosthesis are disclosed. In one arrangement, imaging data from a medical imaging process is received. The imaging data represents the shape of at least a portion of a skull. The imaging data is used to display on a display device a first virtual representation of at least a portion of the skull. User input defining a cutting line in the first virtual representation is received. A surgical operation of cutting through the skull along at least a portion of the defined cutting line to at least partially disconnect a target portion of the skull from the rest of skull is simulated. Output data is provided based on the simulation. The output data represents a simulated shape of at least a portion of the skull with the target portion at least partially disconnected from the rest of the skull, thereby defining the shape of an implantation site for a skull prosthesis to be manufactured.
ETR/telaprevir Treatment A: ETR 200 mg twice a day from Day 1 to Day 10 + a single dose in the morning on Day 11. Treatment B: telaprevir 750 mg every 8 hours from Day 1 to Day 17 + 2 doses (morning and afternoon) on Day 18 and ETR 200 mg twice a day from Day 8 to Day 17 + a single dose in the morning on Day 18.
IgA nephropathy is the most common primary glomerular disease worldwide, with inflammation and autoimmune response mechanisms permeating the entire disease development process. The advancement of genome-wide association studies has enabled deeper understanding of the disease mechanisms and genetic susceptibility. Therefore, this study aims to explore the causal relationship between 731 immune cell types and the disease through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. This 2-sample MR study investigated bidirectional causal relationships using summary statistics for immune cells characteristics from the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) catalog and IgA nephropathy from the FinnGen dataset. The study primarily utilized the Inverse Variance Weighted method for its main outcome. Additionally, the robustness of the results is further enhanced by analyses of heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and multiple sensitivity tests. After adjusting for false discovery rate (FDR), the study results revealed a bidirectional causal relationship between CD8 on terminally differentiated CD8+ T cells (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.67-0.88, P = .0001) and CD4 on CD28+ CD4+ T cells (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.64-0.87, P = .0001) with the risk of IgA nephropathy. CD64 on CD14+ CD16+ monocytes (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.51-0.85, P = .0013) is considered a protective factor, while the percentages of CD8+ and CD8dim T cells (1.38, 95% CI = 1.17-1.63, P = .0002) in leukocytes are viewed as risk factors. This study employed genetic variation as an instrumental variable to explore the genetic association between immune cells and IgA nephropathy, aiming to offer new insights into early prevention and personalized treatment of the disease.
Despite the growing popular interest in sleep and diet, many gaps exist in our scientific understanding of the interaction between circadian rhythms and metabolism. In this Review, we explore a promising, bidirectional role for ghrelin in mediating this interaction. Ghrelin both influences and is influenced by central and peripheral circadian systems. Specifically, we focus on how ghrelin impacts outputs of circadian rhythm, including neuronal activity, circulating growth hormone levels, locomotor activity and eating behaviour. We also consider the effects of circadian rhythms on ghrelin expression and the consequences of disrupted circadian patterns, such as shift work and jet lag, on ghrelin secretion. Our Review is aimed at both the casual reader interested in gaining more insight into the scientific context surrounding the trending topics of sleep and metabolism, as well as experienced scientists in the fields of ghrelin and circadian biology seeking inspiration and a comprehensive overview of how these fields are related.
Improvement in the vitamin D status i.e. total serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in children and adults has been associated with reduced risk of upper respiratory tract infections including influenza A infection. The rationale for giving 25(OH)D3 rather than vitamin D3 is to rapidly improve the vitamin D status of the subjects who are at high risk of acquiring COVID 19 or who are infected by this very aggressive viral infection. It takes approximately 6-8 weeks to achieve a steady state blood level of 25(OH)D when ingesting a daily dose of vitamin D3 whereas ingesting 25(OH)D3 results in a rapid rise in its blood level reaching steady state within 48 hours. Based on the available literature it is reasonable to consider the possibility that vitamin D deficiency could increase risk of acquiring COVID 19 infection and exacerbating its infectivity and the body's cytokine response to it. It therefore seems plausible that the rapid improvement in vitamin D status by providing 25(OH)D3 may contribute to reducing the severity of illness caused by COVID-19, particularly in settings where hypovitaminosis D is frequent especially in people of color. Arguably, there is little evidence to date that improving the vitamin D status will reduce the infectivity risk or mitigate the devastating health consequences of COVID-19 infection. The proposed study to rapidly improve vitamin D status in adults who are at high risk of acquiring COVID- 19 or who are at risk for its morbidity and mortality will test the veracity of this evidence based hypothesis. Results from this study, especially if positive, would have far reaching global health consequences. Vitamin D3, vitamin D2 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 are readily available worldwide and could be quickly instituted as a rapid cost-effective method to help combat this pandemic.
A neurorehabilitation program based on stretching, strengthening, posture, mobilization, static and dynamic balance exercises will be applied. Each training session will be 40 minutes in total. Exercise training will be done in the clinical setting 2 days a week for 8 weeks, and they will be asked to do it at home once a week.
Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside prescribed in heart failure and certain supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. It exerts a positive inotropic, neurohormonal, and electro physiologic actions on the heart . For heart failure patients, the targeted steady state serum digoxin level is between 0.5 and 0.8 ng/ml . Ventricular rate control in atrial fibrillation patients will usually require higher digoxin steady state serum concentrations . However, serum digoxin level higher than 2 ng/ml is associated with increased incidence of adverse drug reactions and should be avoided . Because of inter and intra-patient variability, narrow therapeutic index, and risk of toxicity, digoxin doses are calculated based on the patient weight, renal status, indications and drug interactions. Due to substantial overlap between therapeutic and toxic levels of digoxin, therapeutic drug monitoring is a must especially in patients with deteriorating renal function and electrolyte disturbance. In Egypt, most cardiologists give a digoxin holiday for patients with atrial fibrillation and /or heart failure where patients skip the drug doses on Thursday and Friday or Friday only every week to avoid possible drug accumulation and toxicity. It is not clear if these interrupted digoxin regimens really offer safer alternative over the continuous dosing regimens without compromising the effectiveness. It is anticipated that plasma digoxin levels may fall below the therapeutic range during the holiday which may affect patient clinical status and quality of life.
Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) is one of the most important renal replacement therapies for patients with end-stage renal disease. However, long-term and frequent treatment not only damages the physiological functions of patients but also leads to serious economic burdens and mental stress. This can easily cause a series of psychological disorders in patients, resulting in severe rejection and fear of MHD. To reduce patient resistance and improve the quality of life of MHD, this article built an intelligent nursing system based on big data and then used the constructed intelligent nursing system to research MHD. Through experiments, it has been found that compared to self-efficacy intervention, intelligent nursing systems can control the concurrent rate of MHD patients below 14 %, and self-efficacy intervention methods can control the concurrent rate of MHD patients above 13 %. Moreover, using intelligent nursing systems can improve the ability of MHD patients to self-care. At the same time, before the use of intelligent nursing systems, the nursing satisfaction of MHD patients also varied greatly, with the overall satisfaction rate after use being 70 % higher than before. Using intelligent nursing systems can improve the satisfaction of MHD patients with nursing outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether preoperative classification of breast edema on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) is useful for predicting sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis and biological behavior in patients with early-stage breast cancer.
METHODS: This retrospective study involved 341 women with breast cancer who underwent breast MRI from January 2019 to March 2022. Breast edema was scored on a scale of 1-4 on T2WI (1, no edema; 2, peritumoral edema; 3, prepectoral edema; and 4, subcutaneous edema). A logistic regression model was employed for univariate and multivariate analyses. A clinicopathological model was established using independent influencing factors identified in the multivariate analyses, excluding breast edema score (BES). Subsequently, BES was incorporated into this model to establish a combined BES model. The AUC and Delong test were used to examine the additional predictive value of the BES.
RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis showed that breast edema was an independent risk factor for SLN metastasis. The combined BES model significantly improved the predictive performance of SLN metastasis compared with the clinicopathological model alone (AUC, 0.77 vs. 0.71; p=0.005). In addition, the BES was significantly positively correlated with the tumor diameter (p<0.001), histologic grade (p=0.001), Ki-67 index (p<0.001), and non-luminal subtypes (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION: The BES on T2WI is useful for predicting SLN metastasis. A higher grade of breast edema is associated with breast cancer aggressiveness and increases the probability of SLN metastasis.
The overall aim of this work is to produce credible evidence for substantiating a food health claim for post prandial blood glucose lowering by lentil. Although several studies have shown that lentil consumption results in a lowering of post prandial blood glucose, it is not known whether different lentil varieties have the same efficacy. Similarly, the carbohydrate component of lentils responsible for lowering blood glucose is not known, nor is the bioavailability of lentil metabolites and polyphenol bioactive. The investigators hypothesize that the slowly digestible starch content of lentil is inversely related to in vivo glycemic response. The specific aims of this study are: (i) to identify the putative component(s) in lentil that might account for its blood glucose lowering effect, and (ii) to identify differences in blood glucose reduction among lentil varieties. These aims will be achieved in a three-step process. Firstly, in vitro studies will be pursued to determine the carbohydrate fractions of 20 new and emerging Canadian lentil varieties. Secondly, these results will be used to choose 8 lentil varieties with different slowly digestible starch content for a human Glycemic Index study. Thirdly, identification of lentil metabolites will be achieved by collecting extra capillary blood (200uL)and urine samples at fasting and 120min for measurement of polyphenols and metabolites using established HPLC and metabolomics techniques.
PURPOSE: To purify a recombinant surface antigen of hepatitis B virus by selectively extracting the recombinant surface antigen of hepatitis B derived from a yeast membrane and carrying out solubilization treatment due to combined use of a modifier and a reducing agent. CONSTITUTION: A yeast cell obtained by proliferating a recombinant cell is suspended in a buffer solution and ground and the resultant cell fragments is removed by centrifugation to afford a crude extract of antigen-bound cell membrane. The supernatant liquid is subjected to diafiltration in the presence of a solution (e.g. guanidine-HC1) effective to release unnecessary yeast membrane-bound proteins and the resultant retentate is mixed with a solution (e.g. triton X-100) effective to release the membrane surface antigen and the mixture is subjected to diafiltration to afford a filtrate containing the surface antigen.  The filtrate is solubilized by combinedly using a reducing agent (e.g. dithiothreitol) and a denaturing agent (e.g. urea) to solubilize the filtrate and the reducing agent and the denaturing agent are removed to provide substantially purified recombinant pre-S1/S2/S type hepatitis B antigen or portion thereof.
Depending on the results of the SAD, multiple doses of AMY-101 will be administered at the dose which has been identified as the dose which saturates target C3, for a duration that results to an exposure level equivalent to the maximum exposure achieved in the SAD. The dose and dosing interval will be determined based on the PK data obtained in the SAD part of the study. Each MD cohort will include at least four subjects and may be expanded with additional subjects if necessary. Between each cohort, safety data will be analyzed, evaluated and reviewed by the internal Safety Review Committee.
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition containing loess removing a waste material from the skin and Houttuynia cordata enhancing effect on the elasticity of skin and removing melasma as a main component is provided. Therefore, the cosmetic composition is effective for the removal of skin diseases such as acne, melasma, freckles or the like without causing adverse effect. CONSTITUTION: Houttuynia cordata is mixed with green tea, Acanthopanax sessiliflorus Seem. and loess in a ratio of 70:10:10:10. and ground to produce a cosmetic composition. The cosmetic composition can be added with egg, milk, honey syrup or the like. The cosmetic composition is applied to facial skin with a massage pack and then washed away with water after 1 hr.
Volunteers assigned to this group were administered phototherapy treatments in a standing phototherapy kiosk once every other week, for 10 weeks. The treatment usually lasts no more than 10 minutes and is based on the Fitzpatrick skin type classification tool, which is self-reported via the computer touch screen in the kiosk.
Neuroinflammation and endothelial cell apoptosis are prominent features of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, which have been described in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and can predict cognitive decline. Recent reports revealed vascular β-amyloid (Aβ) deposits, Muller cell degeneration and microglial dysfunction in the retina of AD patients. However, there has been no in-depth research on the roles of inflammation, retinal endothelial cell apoptosis, and blood-retinal barrier (BRB) damage in AD retinopathy. We found that Raddeanin A (RDA) could improve pathological and cognitive deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease by targeting β-amyloidosis, However, the effects of RDA on AD retinal function require further study. To clarify whether RDA inhibits inflammation and apoptosis and thus improves BRB function in AD-related retinopathy. In vitro we used Aβ-treated HRECs and MIO-M1 cells, and in vivo we used 3×Tg-AD mice to investigate the effect of RDA on BRB in AD-related retinopathy. We found that RDA could improve BRB function in AD-related retinopathy by inhibiting NLRP3-mediated inflammation and suppressing Wnt/β-catenin pathway-mediated apoptosis, which is expected to improve the pathological changes in AD-related retinopathy and the quality of life of AD patients.
Placebo matched for ponesimod will be administered orally, once daily on Day -1 and on Day 2 through Day 23. In half of Group B subjects, 400 mg moxifloxacin will be administered orally on Day 1 and a matching placebo tablet on Day 24. In the other half of Group B subjects, a matching placebo tablet will be administered on Day 1 and 400 mg moxifloxacin on Day 24.
The study is an open-labelled randomized controlled trial which compare the changes of daily physical activity measured by tri-axial accelerometer (wearable device) between the HDF patients in intradialytic exercise group and control during the 6-month period. After inclusion in to the study, all of the participants will be evaluated before randomized. The investigators will prescribe the exercise program for each participant in the exercise group. The exercise program use intradialytic cycling which will be gradually increased to at least 30 minutes with moderate intensity. The participants in control group will receive dialysis as usual without intradialytic exercise prescription. The participants will go on the program for at least 6-months period. In each session, any adverse event or side effect will be reported.
The purpose of this trial was to recruit 292 recovering alcoholic smokers (abstinent from alcohol for a minimum of 1 year), who want to stop smoking and provide them with 100% nicotine replacement. The 100% nicotine replacement will be undertaken using a nicotine patch. By measuring their nicotine levels at study entry we can determine the patch dosing needed. The patch dosing will vary from 22 mg to 44 mg. Those who are able to achieve tobacco abstinence by week 8 will enter a relapse prevention phase for the remaining 44 weeks. In this phase, they will be randomized to active or placebo bupropion (300 mg/day). After 44 weeks of the relapse prevention trial (at week 52 of study participation), they will enter a post medication follow up for 6 months.
INTRODUCTION: Sepsis remains the major cause of death among hospitalised patients in intensive care. While targeting sepsis-causing pathogens with source control or antimicrobials has had a dramatic impact on morbidity and mortality of sepsis patients, this strategy remains insufficient for about one-third of the affected individuals who succumb. Pharmacological targeting of mechanisms that reduce sepsis-defining organ dysfunction may be beneficial. When given at low doses, the anthracycline epirubicin promotes tissue damage control and lessens the severity of sepsis independently of the host-pathogen load by conferring disease tolerance to infection. Since epirubicin at higher doses can be myelotoxic, a first dose-response trial is necessary to assess the potential harm of this drug in this new indication.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Epirubicin for the Treatment of Sepsis and Septic Shock-1 is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 dose-escalation phase IIa clinical trial to assess the safety of epirubicin as an adjunctive in patients with sepsis. The primary endpoint is the 14-day myelotoxicity. Secondary and explorative outcomes include 30-day and 90-day mortality, organ dysfunction, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) and cytokine release. Patients will be randomised in three consecutive phases. For each study phase, patients are randomised to one of the two study arms (epirubicin or placebo) in a 4:1 ratio. Approximately 45 patients will be recruited. Patients in the epirubicin group will receive a single dose of epirubicin (3.75, 7.5 or 15 mg/m2 depending on the study phase. After each study phase, a data and safety monitoring board will recommend continuation or premature stopping of the trial. The primary analyses for each dose level will report the proportion of myelotoxicity together with a 95% CI. A potential dose-toxicity association will be analysed using a logistic regression model with dose as a covariate. All further analyses will be descriptive.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The protocol is approved by the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices. The results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05033808.