anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study was conducted in patients who successfully completed an EE study and showed endoscopically confirmed healed EE. Maintenance of healing and symptom resolution over a six month period was evaluated with dexlansoprazole 30 or 60 mg once daily compared to placebo. A total of 445 patients were enrolled and ranged in age from 18 to 85 years (median age 49 years), with 52% female. Race was distributed as follows: 90% Caucasian, 5% Black and 5% Other.

Sixty-six percent of patients treated with 30 mg of dexlansoprazole remained healed over the six month time period as confirmed by endoscopy (see Table 9).

Dexlansoprazole 60 mg once daily was studied and did not provide additional clinical benefit over dexlansoprazole 30 mg once daily.

The effect of dexlansoprazole 30 mg on maintenance of relief of heartburn was also evaluated. Upon entry into the maintenance study, a majority of patients’ baseline heartburn severity was rated as none. Dexlansoprazole 30 mg demonstrated a statistically significantly higher percent of 24 hour heartburn-free periods compared to placebo over the six month treatment period (see Table 10). The majority of patients treated with placebo discontinued due to relapse of EE between Month 2 and Month 6.
This study explores the protective effects of Puerarin, a compound derived from the traditional Chinese herb Pueraria, against cellular damage induced by Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation (OGD/R) in PC12 cells. The research focuses on understanding how Puerarin influences the mechanisms of ferroptosis and oxidative stress, key factors in ischemia-reperfusion injury relevant to neurodegenerative diseases. In our in vitro model, we identified the optimal OGD duration to induce significant cell stress and confirmed the non-toxicity of Puerarin up to 100uM. The results reveal that Puerarin substantially mitigates the detrimental effects of OGD/R, including improvements in cell viability, mitochondrial integrity, and reductions in oxidative stress markers like ROS and lipid peroxidation. Notably, Puerarin modulates key proteins in the autophagy process and the Nrf2 pathway, crucial in cellular stress responses. Further, the use of 3-Methyladenine, an autophagy inhibitor, underscores the significance of autophagy in managing OGD/R-induced stress. These findings suggest Puerarin's potential as a therapeutic agent for conditions characterized by ischemic cellular damage, highlighting the need for further clinical exploration.
Cybersickness remains a major drawback of Virtual Reality (VR) headsets, as a breadth of stationary experiences with visual self-motion can result in visually-induced motion sickness. However, not everybody experiences the same intensity or type of adverse symptoms. Here we propose that prior experience with virtual environments can predict ones degree of cybersickness. Video gaming can enhance visuospatial abilities, which in-turn relate negatively to cybersickness - meaning that consistently engaging in virtual environments can result in protective habituation effects. In a controlled stationary VR experiment, we found that 'VR-naive' video gamers experienced significantly less cybersickness in a virtual tunnel-travel task and outperformed 'VR-naive' non-video gamers on a visual attention task. These findings strongly motivate the use of non-VR games for training VR cybersickness resilience, with future research needed to further understand the mechanism(s) by which gamers become cybersickness resilient - potentially expanding access to VR for even the most susceptible participants.
Novel composite materials and their methods of preparation comprising a crosslinked biodegradable polymer and non-crosslinked biodegradable polymers are disclosed. The composite materials can be formed into injectable compositions comprising composite microparticles or microspheres. The non-crosslinked biodegradable polymer in the composite material is synthesized or precipitated in situ inside the particle. The non-crosslinked biodegradable polymer in the composite may be liquid, low melting solid or polymer with thermosensitive or pH sensitive gelation properties. Also disclosed are injectable compositions comprising microparticles or microspheres for controlled drug delivery wherein such particles are delivered using organic solvents. Also disclosed are methods and compositions for making two or more layered particles for medical and industrial use.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an internal medicine composition which can mask the original rust taste of iron and ensure a good taking property by adding a trivalent iron ion and glucose and maintaining the pH of the composition within a constant region. SOLUTION: This internal medicine composition contains (A) a trivalent iron ion (preferably a trivalent iron compound such as ammonium ferric citrate, ferric sulfate or ferric chloride) and (B) glucose and is maintained in the region of pH 2.5-4.0. The composition preferably further contains (C) a sugar alcohol (for example, sorbitol, xylitol or mannitol). The iron content in the composition is preferably 0.5-60 mg (converted in iron ion in the iron compound) per day. The content of the ingredient B is preferably 1-30 wt.% in the composition. Since the ingredient C has a laxative action, each dose is preferably 1-40 g and set to the maximum non-action amount or less.
All patients who enroll in this trial will FIRST receive mycophenolate mofetil (MMF, Cellcept), which is a drug commonly given to patients with scleroderma in clinical practice. This drug will be given at no cost to the patient. After the patient has been titrated to 2 grams of MMF per day, the patient will receive EITHER a 10 mg/kg belimumab (Benlysta) intravenous infusion OR a placebo (saline) infusion. This medication and infusion will of course be covered by the study.
Following screening and determination of eligibility , participants at baseline are randomized to receive 4 weeks nightly treatment with active eTNS. Positive responders will be invited to participate in a 12-month open-label continuation phase.
Depressed participants randomized to receive Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for treatment. A fMRI scan session will occur immediately prior to starting treatment, and their second fMRI scan will occur immediately following the completion of 12 weeks of therapy.
Disclosed are a multifunctional recombinant antibody, a preparation method therefor, and use thereof. Provided is a monoclonal antibody able to specifically recognize human HER3 protein. Also provided is a humanized recombinant antibody of the monoclonal antibody. Further reconstruction is performed thereon to obtain a multifunctional antibody that is able to recognize human HER3 and that demonstrates IL15 functionality, effectively enhancing the killing effect of the original antibody on tumor cells. In addition, a mutant human IgG1 constant region is introduced to obtain a modified monoclonal antibody-IL15 bifunctional molecule having HER3 specificity, effectively reducing the toxicity of the antibody, and improving safety. The antibody can recognize HER3 protein in various tumor cells, and thus has a killing effect on various tumor cells. Further, the reconstructed multifunctional recombinant antibody has the additional advantages of a short drug metabolism period, low toxicity and high safety.
The efficacy and safety of STIVARGA were evaluated in an international, multicenter, randomized (2:1), double-blind, placebo-controlled trial [Study “GIST Regorafenib In progressive Disease” (GRID); NCT 01271712] in patients with unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), who had been previously treated with imatinib mesylate and sunitinib malate. Randomization was stratified by line of therapy (third vs. four or more) and geographic region (Asia vs. rest of the world).

The major efficacy outcome measure of GRID was progression-free survival (PFS) based on disease assessment by independent radiological review using modified RECIST 1.1 criteria, in which lymph nodes and bone lesions were not target lesions and progressively growing new tumor nodule within a pre-existing tumor mass was progression. The key secondary outcome measure was overall survival.

Patients were randomized to receive 160 mg regorafenib orally once daily (N=133) plus best supportive care (BSC) or placebo (N=66) plus BSC for the first 21 days of each 28-day cycle. Treatment continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. In GRID, the median age of patients was 60 years, 64% were men, 68% were White, and all patients had baseline ECOG performance status of 0 (55%) or 1 (45%). At the time of disease progression as assessed by central review, the study blind was broken and all patients were offered the opportunity to take STIVARGA at the investigator’s discretion. 

A statistically significant improvement in PFS was demonstrated among patients treated with STIVARGA compared to placebo (see Table 8 and Figure 2). 

There was no statistically significant difference in overall survival at the final OS analysis, conducted at 162 OS events (Table 8). Cross-over to open label STIVARGA occurred in 58 (88%) placebo-treated patients after disease progression. 

a 2-sided p-value by log-rank test stratified by line of treatment and geographical region.

Figure 2: Kaplan-Meier Curves of Progression-Free Survival for GRID
Risk Summary  
Duloxetine is present in human milk. In a published study, lactating women who were weaning their infants were given duloxetine. At steady state, the concentration of duloxetine in breast milk was approximately 25% that of maternal plasma. The estimated daily infant dose was approximately 0.14% of the maternal dose. The developmental and health benefits of human milk feeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for duloxetine and any potential adverse effects on the milk-fed child from the drug or from the underlying maternal condition. Exercise caution when duloxetine is administered to a nursing woman.   
Data   
The disposition of duloxetine was studied in 6 lactating women who were at least 12 weeks postpartum and had elected to wean their infants. The women were given 40 mg of duloxetine delayed-release capsules twice daily for 3.5 days. The peak concentration measured in breast milk occurred at a median of 3 hours after the dose. The amount of duloxetine in breast milk was approximately 7 mcg/day while on that dose; the estimated daily infant dose was approximately 2 mcg/kg/day. The presence of duloxetine metabolites in breast milk was not examined.
Current food production systems are causing severe environmental damage, including the emergence of dangerous pathogens that put humans and wildlife at risk. Several dangerous pathogens (e.g., the 2009 A(H1N1) Influenza Virus, Nipah virus) have emerged associated with the dominant intensive food production systems. In this article, we use the case of the emergence and spillover of the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza virus H5N1 (hereafter, H5N1) to illustrate how intensive food production methods provide a breeding ground for dangerous pathogens. We also discuss how emerging pathogens, such as H5N1, may affect not only ecosystem health but also human well-being and the economy. The current H5N1 panzootic (2020-2024) is producing a catastrophic impact: the millions of domestic birds affected by this virus have led to significant economic losses globally, and wild birds and mammals have suffered alarming mortalities, with the associated loss of their material and non-material ecosystem services. Transformative actions are required to reduce the emergence and impact of pathogens such as H5N1; we particularly need to reconsider the ways we are producing food. Governments should redirect funds to the promotion of alternative production systems that reduce the risk of new emerging pathogens and produce environmentally healthy food. These systems need to have a positive relationship with nature rather than being systems based on business as usual to the detriment of the environment. Sustainable food production systems may save many lives, economies, and biodiversity, together with the ecosystem services species provide.
A method of dispensing fluid includes three processes. A first one of these processes includes pumping fluid into a resilient variable-volume dispensing chamber. The dispensing chamber is in series with a normally present finite fluid impedance and an output. The impedance is sufficient so as to cause expansion of the dispensing chamber as it receives pumped fluid even while some fluid flows through the output. Another one of these processes includes repeatedly measuring a parameter related to volume of the dispensing chamber over time. A third one of these processes includes controlling the pumping of fluid based on repeated measurements of the parameter to produce a desired fluid flow through the output. A corresponding system for dispensing fluid implements these processes.
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), comprising leucine (Leu), isoleucine (Ile), and valine (Val), are essential nutrients vital for protein synthesis and metabolic regulation via specialized signaling networks. Their association with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has become a focal point of scientific debate, with emerging evidence suggesting both beneficial and detrimental roles. This review aims to dissect the multifaceted relationship between BCAAs and cardiovascular health, exploring the molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. Elevated BCAA levels have also been linked to insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), inflammation, and dyslipidemia, which are well-established risk factors for CVD. Central to these processes are key pathways such as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activate B cells (NF-κB)-mediated inflammation, and oxidative stress. Additionally, the interplay between BCAA metabolism and gut microbiota, particularly the production of metabolites like trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), adds another layer of complexity. Contrarily, some studies propose that BCAAs may have cardioprotective effects under certain conditions, contributing to muscle maintenance and metabolic health. This review critically evaluates the evidence, addressing the biological basis and signal transduction mechanism, and also discusses the potential for BCAAs to act as biomarkers versus active mediators of cardiovascular pathology. By presenting a balanced analysis, this review seeks to clarify the contentious roles of BCAAs in CVD, providing a foundation for future research and therapeutic strategies required because of the rising prevalence, incidence, and total burden of CVDs.
The study is a multi-modal multi-tissue human experimental pain study in 24 healthy volunteers. The study is a randomized cross-over study. The effect of 2 opioids, Oxycodone and Morphine will be compared on pain stimuli in skin, muscle an oesophagus. Hyperalgesia will be induced in skin by capsaicin and in oesophagus by a mixture of capsaicin and acid, to sensitize these tissues. The pain thresholds before and after opioid administration will be compared. The hypothesis is that the difference in effect of the opioids is more pronounced in the presence of hyperalgesia. As hyperalgesia is a common phenomenon the clinic, the findings in this study may lead to a better understanding of the treatment of pain. The study will include an explorative study of the effect of Morphine of pain processing in the brain, this will provide us with new insight in the effect of the opioids of pain processing in the brain.
The slow released antituberculotic preparation is implanting agent or slow released injection set or injected to the local tubercolosis part for medicine to release slowly so as to maintain the local effective medicine concentration while lowering systemic toxicity. The slow released injection consists of slow released microsphere and solvent. The slow released microsphere consists of slow releasing supplementary material and antituberculotic selected from isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol and aminosalicylate sodium. The solvent is special solvent containing suspending agent carboxymethyl cellulose, etc. and with viscosity of 100-3000 cp at 20-30 deg.c. The slow releasing supplementary material is selected from EVAc, PLA, PLGA, etc. The slow released implanting agent is prepared through a certain process. The present invention has obvious unique treating effect on various kinds of intractable tuberulosis.
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) leads to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, thereby initiating the unfolded protein response (UPR). When sustained, this response may trigger the inflammation and tubular cell death that acts to aggravate the damage. Here, we show that knockdown of the BET epigenetic reader BRD4 reduces the expression of ATF4 and XBP1 transcription factors under ER stress activation. BRD4 is recruited to the promoter of these highly acetylated genes, initiating gene transcription. Administration of the BET protein inhibitor, JQ1, one hour after renal damage induced by bilateral IRI, reveals reduced expression of ATF4 and XBP1 genes, low KIM-1 and NGAL levels and recovery of the serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. To determine the molecular pathways regulated by ATF4 and XBP1, we performed stable knockout of both transcription factors using CRISPR-Cas9 and RNA sequencing. The pathways triggered under ER stress were mainly XBP1-dependent, associated with an adaptive UPR, and partially regulated by JQ1. Meanwhile, treatment with JQ1 downmodulated most of the pathways regulated by ATF4 and related to the pathological processes during exacerbated UPR activation. Thus, BRD4 inhibition could be useful for curbing the maladaptive UPR activation mechanisms, thereby ameliorating the progression of renal disease.
The study included a screening period, a treatment period, and a follow-up period.

Screening period: Subjects who are fully aware of the study and have signed an informed consent form should complete all screening procedures within 28 days before the first dose. Only eligible subjects can be enrolled in the study. Prior to enrollment, subjects should provide a test report confirming HER2 overexpression, defined in this study as IHC 2+ or 3+. Official reports from local hospitals or genetic testing companies are acceptable. All subjects provided adequate tumor tissue samples (archived or fresh biopsy samples) for evaluation and confirmation of HER2 expression and genetic testing (15 paraffin sections, 5-10um thick) before study administration. Considering the accessibility of clinical specimens, specimens are not mandatory.

Treatment period: Each treatment period was 14 days. Treatment regimen: Disitamab Vedotin, 2.5mg/kg, intravenously D1, once every 14 days (Q2W), combined with Zimberelizumab, 240mg, intravenously D1, once every 14 days (Q2W). Study treatment will be continued until the subject has an intolerable toxic effect, withdrawal of informed consent, and disease progression as confirmed by RECIST V1.1 (when the subject has disease progression as assessed by the investigator according to RECIST V1.1, the investigator will then assess whether the subject still has clinical benefit. If the subject is considered to have continued clinical benefit and meets the criteria for continuing treatment after disease progression, the subject may continue to receive the study drug; Treatment may be discontinued if the subject is no longer considered to have clinical benefit), or any other termination criteria specified in the protocol, whichever comes first. Within the time window specified in each cycle, the subject will complete a physical examination, laboratory tests, and other tests to assess the subject's safety. Imaging evaluations of tumors were performed every 6 weeks (42±3 days) during study treatment. Tumor evaluation must include all known lesions in the abdomen, pelvis, and other sites. Scans of suspected lesions and bone may be performed at the investigator's discretion. The assessment methods used throughout the study should be as similar as possible. The preferred method is enhanced computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Follow-up period: including safety follow-up and survival follow-up. At the end of treatment, all subjects will be followed up for safety until 28 days after the last dose. Subjects who discontinue treatment for reasons other than PD will be followed up at the planned frequency until PD occurs, consent is withdrawn, or follow-up is lost, whichever occurs first. After completion of treatment and safety follow-up, all subjects were followed for survival (OS data were collected every 3 months ±14 days) until death, withdrawal of informed consent, loss to follow-up, or termination of the study, whichever occurred first.
PURPOSE: To analyze the impact of sarcopenia and obesity on overall survival (OS) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) receiving radiotherapy (RT).
METHODS: This prospective longitudinal study recruited 494 patients using convenient sampling. Weight and body composition were assessed before RT (T1), and at the end of RT (T2) using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The appendicular skeletal mass index was used to define sarcopenia, while the body mass index and fat mass index were used to define obesity. Patient OS was followed and described using Kplan-Meier analysis. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to analyze influencing factors of OS.
RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 26.2 months (IQR: 18.4-34.4 months). Multivariable models indicated that sarcopenia/obesity type assessed at T1 was not significantly associated with OS. Multivariable models involving body composition at T2 showed that age (P < 0.001), tumor site (P = 0.003), tumor stage (P = 0.024), and sarcopenia/obesity type (P = 0.040) were significantly associated with OS, while sarcopenic patients without obesity at T2 had worse OS.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with sarcopenia and no obesity at the end of RT might have worse OS. Healthcare professionals should enhance HNC patients' management during RT, helping them maintain a certain amount of muscle mass and fat mass to improve their survival.