anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
System and methods for determining placement of a transducer array relative to a subject's head, which may be used in treating cancer in the subject, are provided. These techniques may include constructing, based on one or more images, a representation of the subject's head that includes information for a plurality of structures including one or more tumors positioned within the subject's brain. The representation of the subject's head may be used to calculate electric field propagation for one or more arrangements of a transducer array on a surface of the subject's head. These techniques may further include determining one or more rate of energy absorption distributions and/or one or more electric field distributions using the calculated electric field propagation for multiple arrangements of the transducer array. A rate of energy absorption distribution may indicate a rate of energy absorbed at the one or more tumors. An electric field distribution may indicate an amount of electric field at individual regions of the subject's brain that include the one or more tumors and span across the entirety of the subject's brain. Using the one or more rate of energy absorption distributions and/or the one or more electric field distributions, an indication of how to place the transducer array on the subject's head such that at least a portion of the one or more tumors are exposed to electric fields emitted by the transducer array may be generated.
Provided herewith is a compound that reacts with a reactive lipid species to form a non- toxic product or an active product. Also provided is a method of reducing a reactive lipid species. Additionally provided is a method of treating a mitochondrion in a patient comprising a mitochondrial dysfunction. In other embodiments, a compound is provided that reacts with an activating agent present at a mitochondrion to form an active product that inhibits or enhances the opening of a mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). In additional embodiments, a method of inhibiting or enhancing the opening of an MPTP is provided. Further provided is a nonpolar compound capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) into the central nervous system (CNS).
PURPOSE: To evaluate the tolerance to refractive errors of a new purely refractive extended depth of focus (EDF) intraocular lens (IOL), TECNIS PureSee™ IOL, using preclinical and clinical metrics.
METHODS: Preclinical evaluation included computer simulations of visual acuity (sVA) and dysphotopsia profile of different IOL designs (refractive EDF, diffractive EDF, multifocal, standard, and enhanced monofocals) using an appropriate eye model with and without ±0.50 D defocus and/or +0.75 D of astigmatism. Patients bilaterally implanted with a refractive EDF (Model ZEN00V) or an enhanced monofocal (Model ICB00) IOL from a prospective, randomized study were included. At the 6-month postoperative visit, uncorrected and corrected distance vision (UDVA and CDVA), visual symptoms, satisfaction and dependency on glasses were evaluated in a subgroup of patients with absolute residual refractive error of >0.25 D in one or both eyes.
RESULTS: In the presence of defocus and astigmatism, sVA was comparable for all except the multifocal IOL design. The refractive EDF was more tolerant to myopic outcomes and maintained a monofocal-like dysphotopsia profile with defocus. Binocular logMAR UDVA was -0.03 ± 0.08 for ZEN00V and -0.02 ± 0.11 for ICB00. 100% ZEN00V and 97% ICB00 patients did not need glasses and were satisfied with their distance vision. Monocular CDVA, contrast sensitivity and visual symptoms were also similar between both groups.
CONCLUSIONS: The clinical outcomes of the refractive EDF IOL demonstrated high quality distance vision and dysphotopsia comparable to a monofocal IOL, even in the presence of refractive error, thus matching the design expectations of the EDF IOL.
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), also known as pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS), is a new postinfectious illness associated with COVID-19, affecting children after SARS-CoV-2 exposure. The hallmarks of this disorder are hyperinflammation and multisystem involvement, with gastrointestinal, cardiac, mucocutaneous, and hematologic disturbances seen most commonly. Cardiovascular involvement includes cardiogenic shock, ventricular dysfunction, coronary artery abnormalities, and myocarditis. Now entering the fourth year of the pandemic, clinicians have gained some familiarity with the clinical presentation, initial diagnosis, cardiac evaluation, and treatment of MIS-C. This has led to an updated definition from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the USA driven by increased experience and clinical expertise. Furthermore, the available evidence established expert consensus treatment recommendations supporting a combination of immunoglobulin and steroids. However, the pathophysiology of the disorder and answers to what causes this remain under investigation. Fortunately, long-term outcomes continue to look promising, although continued follow-up is still needed. Recently, COVID-19 mRNA vaccination is reported to be associated with reduced risk of MIS-C, while further studies are warranted to understand the impact of COVID-19 vaccines on MIS-C. We review the findings and current literature on MIS-C, including pathophysiology, clinical features, evaluation, management, and medium- to long-term follow-up outcomes.
The storage and retrieval of healthcare information is provided by use of a database that facilitates a number of different tasks that require manipulation of patient data. Comprehensive patient data representing a group of patients may be retrieved based on patient descriptive categories including diagnosis, e.g. anatomy, pathology or clinical presentation as well as treatment and outcome factors of each case. Symbolic codes assist in storage and retrieval of some of the data. In storage, various of the patient data related to particular patient issues and events may be linked for easy retrieval of relevant data. The catagories include data options that may be organized in the form of a hierarchical tree that has branching levels of data options with increasing specificity. Data from the various levels may be compared, as well as data between individual categories. In some embodiments, selected multimedia data may also be accessed based on criteria from data options of the patient descriptive categories.
By tracking residents' daily behavior over a long period of time our intelligent software can perform automated functional assessment and identify trends that are indicators of acute health changes and slower progressive decline (e.g., dementia). By implementing prompt-based interventions that support functional independence and promote healthy lifestyle behaviors (e.g., social contact, exercise, regular sleep), the investigators can improve overall health and well-being. The investigators hypothesize that smart home technologies can be used to detect and predict functional change, to slow functional change and extend functional independence, and to improve quality of life in elderly individuals who are at risk of transitioning to mild cognitive impairment and to dementia. This hypothesis has been formulated on the basis of preliminary data produced by the applicants which supports the efficacy of using smart home technologies for both functional status assessment and for prompting the initiation and completion of activities in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. The rationale of the proposed work is that understanding the natural history of functional change between aging and dementia will lead to early prevention and proactive interventions that will slow functional change, thereby delaying nursing home placement and cost of care to society. The investigators plan to pursue the following specific aims: (1) Characterize the daily lifestyle of smart environment residents through minimal-supervision activity recognition and activity discovery, (2) Design software algorithms that detect trends in behavioral data, and (3) Evaluate the efficacy of activity-aware automated prompting technology for extending functional independence and improving quality of life. The proposed work is innovative because it will track a large number of individuals longitudinal in their own homes and determine whether this technology can be used to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors and detect health care changes that may lead to early interventions, improved quality of life, and decreased health care utilization. The project is significant because it will introduce new technologies for activity discovery and tracking that require minimal-supervision, contribute algorithms that predict cognitive decline and signal more acute health status change, and demonstrate for the first time that activity-aware automated prompting technologies can be used to support and/or slow functional change and to increase quality of life in elderly individuals.
BACKGROUND: Use of heart failure-exacerbating medications (HFEMs) may lead to preventable episodes of acute decompensated heart failure (HF). HFEMs use is common in patients with HF, and there may be opportunities to reduce their use from the emergency department (ED).
METHODS: We performed an observational study on patients with HF presenting to EDs within a healthcare system between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2020. Patients with chronic HF were identified using diagnostic codes within the electronic health record. The cohort was restricted to ambulatory (i.e., discharged to home) ED encounters. Medications, either ordered in the ED or prescribed at ED discharge, were extracted from the medication administration record and identified as potential HFEMs based on the 2016 American Heart Association Scientific Statement. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the prevalence of HFEM use during ambulatory ED encounters. Exploratory analyses to identify correlates of HFEM use were performed.
RESULTS: The study cohort included 23,907 ED encounters. ED administration or prescription of HFEMs occurred during 20% of ambulatory ED encounters. HFEM administration in the ED (17%) was more common than HFEM prescription at ED discharge (6%). The most common HFEMs administered in the ED included nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (11%) and albuterol (7%).
CONCLUSION: HFEM use is common in patients with HF seeking ED care, occurring in roughly one-fifth of ambulatory ED encounters. There may be opportunities to optimize medication use among patients with HF in the ED.
AIM: To investigate the clinical nursing effect of bispectral index (BIS) monitoring for paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) patients in the neurosurgical intensive care unit (NICU).
METHODS: From January 2022 to June 2023, a total of 30 patients with PSH secondary to moderate to severe craniocerebral injury in the NICU were monitored for BIS. The patients' paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity-assessment measure (PSH-AM) scores were recorded. PSH patients generally appear in 3 states: calm state, seizure state, and postmedication state. Thirty PSH patients' BIS values were recorded during the calm period, during the seizure state, and postmedication state, and these 3 different stages' BIS values were divided into groups A, B, and C, using the Kruskal-Wallis H test to compare groups.
RESULTS: The Kruskal-Wallis H test yielded a value of H=22.599, P <0.001. H0 was rejected against the test standard of α=0.05, and the BIS values of groups A, B, and C differed. The BIS values of group A and group B differed after a pairwise comparison, and the difference was statistically significant (adjusted P =0.001). Group B and group C had different BIS values, and the difference was statistically significant (adjusted P =0.001); group A and Group C had no difference in BIS values, and the difference was not statistically significant (adjusted P =1.00).
CONCLUSIONS: Taking BIS value as the nursing observation index for PSH patients can make nursing work more objective, reasonable, and accurate, reduce the inducing factors of PSH attack, further reduce the attack of PSH, save nursing resources, and help guide the safety assessment of sedative use.
Participants will consume 1 gram of calcium carbonate at each meal (up to three times per day) for seven days. The calcium carbonate will be administered by mixing a powder sachet into water.
Grief is an intense emotional reaction to the loss of a loved one. It produces feelings of regret and longing that usually decrease over time. However, some people have difficulty adapting to the loss and develop Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD). An open clinical trial will be conducted to investigate the feasibility \[initial efficacy and acceptability\] of an Internet delivered cognitive behavior treatment (ICBT) for adult people diagnosed with prolonged grief disorder (PGD). There will be at least 24 participants that will be randomly assigned to experimental group (internet-based treatment for PGD) or active control group (traditional face- to-face intervention for PGD). Four assessment moments will be included (pre-treatment, post-treatment, 3 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up). The present study aims to improve knowledge about the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of an ICBT for PGD and conduct a preliminary comparison between two intervention conditions (internet-based intervention vs. traditional face-to-face intervention). Also, the investigators aim to collect information that can help to improve the efficacy and acceptability of Internet-based interventions in general.
BACKGROUND: patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) under treatment with chronic oral anticoagulation (OAC) often require coronary angiography with or without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Deciding the management of OAC during this periprocedural period requires balancing the risks of hemorrhage and thrombotic complications. Guidelines recommend an uninterrupted strategy in patients receiving Vitamin-K Antagonists (VKA). However, for patients undergoing coronary angiography or PCI while on direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), withdrawal 12-24 h prior to the procedure is still recommended. This is based on expert opinions given the lack of evidence. Therefore, whether DOAC discontinuation prior to trans-radial coronary procedures should be the strategy of choice is a matter of debate and solid evidence is needed to guide clinical decision making.
METHODS: The DOAC-NOSTOP study is a prospective, single-arm, open-label study evaluating the safety of DOACs continuation in 200 patients undergoing transradial percutaneous coronary procedures. DOAC treatment will not be interrupted throughout the periprocedural period. Primary outcome will be Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 2, 3, or 5 events, assessed at a 30-day follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: The DOAC-NOSTOP is the first study prospectively assessing the risk of bleeding with uninterrupted DOAC in patients undergoing trans-radial percutaneous coronary procedures.
AIMS: To investigate the risk factors for neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), and develop an internally validated predictive nomogram. The study aims to offer insights for preventing AIS-NLUTD.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study on AIS patients in a Shenzhen Hospital from June 2021 to February 2023, categorizing them into non-NLUTD and NLUTD groups. The bivariate analysis identified factors for AIS-NLUTD (p < 0.05), integrated into a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model. Significant variables from LASSO were used in a multivariate logistic regression for the predictive model, resulting in a nomogram. Nomogram performance and clinical utility were evaluated through receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve (CIC). Internal validation used 1000 bootstrap resamplings.
RESULTS: A total of 373 participants were included in this study, with an NLUTD incidence rate of 17.7% (66/373). NIHSS score (OR = 1.254), pneumonia (OR = 6.631), GLU (OR = 1.240), HGB (OR = 0.970), and hCRP (OR = 1.021) were used to construct a predictive model for NLUTD in AIS patients. The model exhibited good performance (AUC = 0.899, calibration curve p = 0.953). Internal validation of the model demonstrated strong discrimination and calibration abilities (AUC = 0.898). Results from DCA and CIC curves indicated that the prediction model had high clinical utility.
CONCLUSIONS: We developed a predictive model for AIS-NLUTD and created a nomogram with strong predictive capabilities, assisting healthcare professionals in evaluating NLUTD risk among AIS patients and facilitating early intervention.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase a display property as a list of information in a clinical path in an electronic medical chart system for grasping important information at a glance.  <P>SOLUTION: A display screen for the clinical path which is created for each patient for describing a treatment history describing a medical care, an examination, medication, treatment and the like in time series, treatment at the present and afterward, and a treatment plan, has massive information as a whole. In this system, contents of the clinical path are divided to be displayed in a plurality of tabs according to a user or a use situation of a terminal device. As the tabs, an abstract, a doctor, a nurse, a temperature board, a co-medical, medical matters, others, and the like are prepared. Display can be switched from an optional tab to the other tab. When the tab is switched, information for the tab after switching in a time area same as that for the tab before switching is displayed. In each tab, a plurality of pieces of information are compiled in a view point optimum to the tab.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Interventions: Nicorette Gum/Nicoderm CQ, Smoking Quitline Referral. The "Standard Care" group (NRT) will receive fax referral to the Florida QL and provision of up to 8 weeks of free Nicotine Replacement Therapy (up to 6 weeks provided by the study and 2 weeks provided by the QL). Participants will receive two follow-up phone assessments at 3-, and 6-months of enrollment.
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging infectious disease with high transmissibility. Around 20-25% of infected individuals develop severe COVID-19 disease requiring hospitalization and 5-8% require intubation secondary to viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Distinct features of COVID-19 ARDS were found since Nov 2019, including relatively normal lung mechanics, activation of the RAAS system, selective injury of type II alveolar cells, and presence of vasodilation vessel and micro-thrombosis. The mechanism, potential useful biomarker, and the optimal ventilation strategies for COVID-19 ARDS need to be systematically studied. This study hypothesized that the low-tidal volume ventilation strategy is effective in COVID-19 ARDS. We will retrospectively review the clinical presentation, epidemiologic data, laboratory and image examination, medication use, lung mechanics、serum biomarker, long-term pulmonary function test, and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 ARDS, influenza ARDS, and SARS ARDS patients. We will also prospectively monitor the lung function of COVID ARDS patients using personal pulmonary function devices after discharge from NTUH. The overall purpose of this study is to investigate the prognostic indicators of COVID ARDS patients and their long-term pulmonary function follow-up.The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) ARDS is an emerging novel devastating disease with high mortality. Distinct features were found since Nov 2019, including relatively normal lung mechanics, activation of the RAAS system, selective injury of type II alveolar cells, and presence of vasodilation vessel and micro-thrombosis. The optimal ventilation strategies for COVID-19 ARDS need to be systematically studied. The overall purpose of this study is to investigate the prognostic indicators in COVID-19 ARDS patients.Specific Aim 1: To develop a REDcap database of clinical and biologic information in subjects with COVID-19, and to investigate the prognostic indicators compared with influenza and SARS ARDS patients.Specific Aim 2: To follow up the long-term change pulmonary function test of COVID ARDS patients using home-based personal pulmonary function test device
PURPOSE:To obtain a dermatic agent for external use, effective in improving the aging stability of urea, giving moist and comfortable feeling to the skin and exhibiting excellent effect for the protection of the skin, application of moistness to the skin, etc., by adding urea in combination with a mucopolysaccharide and/or its salt. CONSTITUTION:The objective dermatic agent for external use contains urea and a mucopolysaccharide and/or its salt as essential components. The agent has excellent moist-keeping effect, good feeling to the skin and high aging stability of urea and is useful as a cosmetic (e.g. cream, milky lotion, face lotion and foundation), a hair cosmetic (e.g. shampoo and rinse), etc. The external agent can impart the skin with moistening effect without applying the irritant feeling of urea.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for advising health care guideline which can obtain health care guideline and its history informations and can provide informations for health care guideline. SOLUTION: A measurement on impedance of a body and an operational processing on amt. of body fat, etc., are performed (Steps 1-11) and date of the measurement and results on the measurement and the operation are stored (Step 12). Informations on the results on measurement and operation of the last time and information on data of the last time are read out (Step 13) and amt. of changes between results of this time and the last time are calculated to convert them to amt. of change per month based on the information of the data (Step 14) and these are compared with the reference informations on change in amt. of decreasing and the result is judged and displayed (Steps 15-18).  History informations, etc., on the results on measurements and operations are read out and specified processings are performed (Steps 19-21) and the history informations etc., are displayed by a graphic displaying processings (Step 22).
PURPOSE: To obtain the subject composition containing, as active ingredient, a new long-chain dicarboxylic acid derivative capable or restraining the synthesis of both cholesterol and neutral lipids without affecting energy metabolism, and useful for treating obesity, hyperlipemia and diabetes coming out in the adulthood. CONSTITUTION: This composition contains a compound (salt, lower alkyl ester or amide thereof) of the formula (R1 and R2 are each a lower alkyl; X and Y are each H, a halogen, etc.; Q is an 8-14C straight-chain polymethylene) [e.g. 1,1,14,14,-tetra(ethoxycarbonyl)-2,2,13,13-tetramethyl-tetradecane] in combination with a solid or liquid support, diluent or vehicle. The composition as unit dose form preferably contain 50-500mg of the compound of the formula in the each unit. The daily does of the compound of the formula is normally 50-5,000mg. The compound of the formula is prepared, for example, by reaction of a Grignard reagent formed from Mg and 1,10-dibromodecane with diethyl isopropylidene malonate in THF in the presence of Cu2 Cl2 .
At baseline before standardized volume expansion, a first set of echocardiographic measurements will be performed. Then, we will perform 15-second end-expiratory and end-inspiratory occlusions. Occlusions will be separated by 1 minute to allow the cardiac index to return to its baseline value. A last set of measurements will be performed after fluid administration. Ventilatory settings and other treatments will remain unchanged during the study period.