anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The ELTGOL technique ("total slow expiration with glottis open in lateral decubitus") for airways clearance will be used in order to move respiratory secretions from the distal bronchial tree. It will be applied during 15 minutes each side (right and left lungs) assuming an approximate session length of 30 minutes. The patient could perform the cough technique when it's necessary.
Botulinum toxins are a well-established group of neurotoxins that have a wide variety of FDA approved clinical uses including muscle relaxation, headache prevention and bladder control. Despite the abundance of anecdotal evidence supporting their use in pain management, double blind placebo control studies examining the efficacy of botulinum toxins in the treatment of chronic neck and back pain have reported mixed findings. Several smaller studies have shown significantly positive outcomes while other studies have found no efficacy of neurotoxins compared to placebo. The existing literature reveals that most negative outcome studies were based on the Visual Analogue Scale, which is a purely subjective measure. We propose a more objective set of measures that might better reflect patients' deficits and levels of discomfort.

Our proposal is a prospective, open-label, pilot study that will examine chronic neck and back pain among veterans. Our primary specific aim is to test three novel methods for evaluating clinical deficits in patients who have chronic neck and back pain: electromyographical (EMG) activity (primary outcome) and cervical/lumbar range of motion (CROM \& LROM) (primary outcome) as well as skin surface temperature (thermography) (secondary outcome). Our hypothesis is that most patients with chronic neck and back pain significantly from sustained muscle spasms. As a result, patients may exhibit surplus EMG activity in affected areas due to spontaneous muscle twitch. And consequently, they may show signs of decreased range of motion due to increased muscle tone. They may also experience a rise in skin surface temperature due to excess heat production from sustained muscle contraction. We will measure these three phenomena using three different biophysical measurement tools. Electromyographic data will be collected with a surface EMG device, and cervical and lumbar range of motion with a gravity inclinometer. Skin surface temperature will be assessed with a medical grade digital thermography camera.

The second specific aim of this study is to examine the efficacy of botulinum toxins in reversing the anomalies in the above measured parameters: to reduce excessive electromyographic activity, to increase range of motion in cervical and lumbar joints and to reduce elevated skin surface temperature. We will measure outcomes of 60 study subjects (30 for neck pain and 30 for low back pain) who will all be treated once with botulinum toxins and then followed up at 1 month, 2 months and 3 months. We will also correlate our findings with the more commonly used pain and function scales: the Visual Analogue Scale, Neck Disability Index and the Oswestry Low Back Pain Scale.
1423342 Bunte salt compounds IWS NOMINEE CO Ltd 8 Dec 1972 [9 Dec 1971 7 Feb 1972] 54977/72 Heading C3R Novel curable polymeric compounds containing at least one polyoxyalkylene chain and substantially two or more thiosulphuric acid or thiosulphate groups, each such group being bound through an organic acyl group to a terminating oxygen atom of a polyoxyalkylene chain, are prepared by either esterifying an alcohol containing at least one polyoxyalkylene chain and at least two terminal hydroxyl groups with a halogen substituted carboxylic acid or functional derivative thereof and reacting the resulting halogen-ester with a water-soluble thiosulphate, or by reacting with a watersoluble thiosulphate and a water-soluble tetrathionate a compound containing (a) a residue including at least one polyoxyalkylene chain and at least two chain terminating oxygen atoms notionally derived from terminal hydroxy groups, and (b) at least two thiol groups each bound through a respective alkenecarbonyl group to a terminating oxygen atom of a polyoxyalkylene chain. In Examples (1) a propoxylated glycerol of M.W. 4000 is reacted with thioglycollic acid and the resulting tris-(thioglycollate) converted to the Bunte salt with sodium bisulphate; (2) propoxylated glycerol of M.W. 3000 or similar polyols having M.W.s of 700, 1500, 3000, 4000 and 5000 are converted to the tris-chloroacetyl esters with chloroacetic acid and then subsequently converted to the Bunte salts with sodium thiosulphate; (3) the product of (2) is buffered to pH 7 with disodium hydrogen phosphate to provide a stable concentrated aqueous solution; (4) propoxylated glycerol of M.W. 3000 is reacted with betachloropropionic acid and the tris-(beta-chloropropionyl) ester subsequently reacted with potassium iodide to provide the corresponding tris-(beta-iodopropionyl) ester prior to further reaction with sodium thiosulphate to give a Bunte salt of formula and (5) a diol of M.W. 2000 containing propylene oxide units is reacted with chloroacetic acid and converted to the Bunte salt by subsequent reaction with sodium thiosulphate. Uses.-For treatment of hair of textiles, if desired in conjunction with conventional dyeing treatments, as described in Specification 1,423,341.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a Tibetan drug for treating alopecia. The Tibetan drug for treating the alopecia consists of active components or the active components and auxiliary materials acceptable in pharmacy, wherein the active components are prepared from elm barks, myrobalan, almonds and red halloysite in a certain weight ratio. The Tibetan drug for treating the alopecia can be prepared to be any external dosage form in common use. The Tibetan drug for treating the alopecia has the functions of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, nourishing blood and developing hairs. On the aspect of Tibetan medicine, the Tibetan drug can be used for treating hair diseases and scalp diseases caused by insufficient blood supply. On the aspect of traditional Chinese medical science, the Tibetan drug is suitable for oily scalp, desquamation, pruritus, hypotrichosis, withered and yellow hairs, bifurcated hairs, thin and soft hairs, easily broken hairs, alopecia, psilosis, premature graying hairs and the like.
Dysarthria and Apraxia of Speech (AoS) are motor speech disorders in which neurological lesions differentially affect motor control, possibly leading to noticeable differences in articulation and consequently sound production. Among the sounds requiring greater motor capacity because of its articulatory complexity is the voiceless alveolar sibilant fricative /s/. The aim of this study was to identify acoustic variables able to distinguish between dysarthria and AoS, and between these disorders and normal speech in Spanish speakers. The production of this fricative was acoustically examined in 28 individuals with motor neurological disorders (20 with dysarthria, 8 with AoS) and in 28 neurologically healthy persons. Participants repeated 12 monosyllabic words containing the fricative plus one of the five Spanish vowels. The variables measured were absolute durations of the fricative, vowel, and fricative+vowel sequence, along with the vowel-to-fricative duration ratio. Findings indicate that duration of the fricative can distinguish between controls and speakers with dysarthria, but not between controls and speakers with AoS. Measures related to vowel duration served to distinguish between speakers with dysarthria and speakers with AoS and between each of them and controls. Further, speakers with dysarthria and those with AoS differed from each other and from controls in terms of articulatory variability; speakers with dysarthria showing most variability. In the latter participants, articulatory variability was higher for unrounded segments, vowels and fricatives, while in speakers with AoS this variability was higher for rounded segments. These observations are discussed within a framework of motor control models.
Treatment of cancer pain is based on the World Health Organization (WHO) step ladder approach to the use of analgesic drugs. Medication potency increases at each step of the WHO ladder, from nonopioid (step 1; e.g., aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) through weak opioids (step 2; e.g. codeine) plus a nonopioid to strong opioids (step 3; e.g., morphine) plus a nonopioid analgesic. Morphine is considered the gold standard for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, but this is based on level C criteria. Research has discovered that methadone is a potent opioid that operates at several levels which are important for pain control. The primary aim is to compare morphine versus methadone as a first-line analgesic in patients with moderate to severe cancer pain. Patients will be randomized to receive either oral slow-release morphine (15 mg) every 8 hours and immediate-release morphine (10 mg) every 4 hours as needed for breakthrough pain or oral methadone 2.5 mg every 8 hours and methadone 2.5 mg every 4 hours as needed for breakthrough pain. Our hypothesis is that methadone will provide equivalent pain control efficacy after 4 weeks of therapy. We postulate that methadone will be as preferable as morphine as an analgesic. We will compare the two drugs via adverse effects and compare stability of analgesia via comparison of the number of breakthrough pain episodes. The study will attempt to establish equivalency of methadone as a first-line analgesic for moderate to severe cancer pain.
PA28γ overexpression is aberrant and accompanied by poor patient prognosis in various cancers, the precise regulatory mechanism of this crucial gene in the tumor microenvironment remains incompletely understood. In this study, using oral squamous cell carcinoma as a model, we demonstrated that PA28γ exhibits high expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and its expression significantly correlates with the severity of clinical indicators of malignancy. Remarkably, we found that elevated levels of secreted IGF2 from PA28γ+ CAFs can enhance stemness maintenance and promote tumor cell aggressiveness through the activation of the MAPK/AKT pathway in a paracrine manner. Mechanistically, PA28γ upregulates IGF2 expression by stabilizing the E2F3 protein, a transcription factor of IGF2. Further mechanistic insights reveal that HDAC1 predominantly mediates the deacetylation and subsequent ubiquitination and degradation of E2F3. Notably, PA28γ interacts with HDAC1 and accelerates its degradation via a 20S proteasome-dependent pathway. Additionally, PA28γ+ CAFs exert an impact on the tumor immune microenvironment by secreting IGF2. Excitingly, our study suggests that targeting PA28γ+ CAFs or secreted IGF2 could increase the efficacy of PD-L1 therapy. Thus, our findings reveal the pivotal role of PA28γ in cell interactions in the tumor microenvironment and propose novel strategies for augmenting the effectiveness of immune checkpoint blockade in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
For this, a pilot, sham-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial in accordance with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) guidelines. Sixty participants with chronic low back pain will be randomized into one of three tDCS groups associated with PES: motor primary cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and sham stimulation. Each group will receive transcranial direct current stimulation at an intensity of 2 mA for 30 minutes daily for 10 consecutive days. Participants will be assessed with a Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short - Form Health Survey (SF-36) and electromyography at baseline, endpoint (after 10 sessions) and 1-month follow up. This study will help to clarify the additive effects of tDCS combined with peripheral electrical stimulation on pain relief, muscle function and improvement in quality of life. Additionally, the investigators will provide data to identify optimal targets for management of chronic low back pain.
Retinal vascular diseases encompass several retinal disorders, including diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, age-related macular degeneration, and retinal vascular occlusion; these disorders are classified as similar groups of disorders due to impaired retinal vascularization. The aim of this review is to address the main signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of retinal vascular diseases and to identify crucial molecules and the importance of their interactions. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is recognized as a crucial and central molecule in abnormal neovascularization and a key phenomenon in retinal vascular occlusion; thus, anti-VEGF therapy is now the most successful form of treatment for these disorders. Interaction between angiopoietin 2 and the Tie2 receptor results in aberrant Tie2 signaling, resulting in loss of pericytes, neovascularization, and inflammation. Notch signaling and hypoxia-inducible factors in ischemic conditions induce pathological neovascularization and disruption of the blood-retina barrier. An increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokines-TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6-and activation of microglia create a persistent inflammatory milieu that promotes breakage of the blood-retinal barrier and neovascularization. Toll-like receptor signaling and nuclear factor-kappa B are important factors in the dysregulation of the immune response in retinal vascular diseases. Increased production of reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage follow inflammation and together create a vicious cycle because each factor amplifies the other. Understanding the complex interplay among various signaling pathways, signaling cascades, and molecules enables the development of new and more successful therapeutic options.
Intravenous antibiotics until clinical improvement and then 5 further days of oral antibiotics. Co-amoxiclav, or if rash-allergy to penicillin, cefuroxime and metronidazole.
Automation of surveillance of infectious diseases-where algorithms are applied to routine care data to replace manual decisions-likely reduces workload and improves quality of surveillance. However, various barriers limit large-scale implementation of automated surveillance (AS). Current implementation strategies for AS in surveillance networks include central implementation (i.e. collecting all data centrally, and central algorithm application for case ascertainment) or local implementation (i.e. local algorithm application and sharing surveillance results with the network coordinating center). In this perspective, we explore whether current challenges can be solved by federated AS. In federated AS, scripts for analyses are developed centrally and applied locally. We focus on the potential of federated AS in the context of healthcare associated infections (AS-HAI) and of severe acute respiratory illness (AS-SARI). AS-HAI and AS-SARI have common and specific requirements, but both would benefit from decreased local surveillance burden, alignment of AS and increased central and local oversight, and improved access to data while preserving privacy. Federated AS combines some benefits of a centrally implemented system, such as standardization and alignment of an easily scalable methodology, with some of the benefits of a locally implemented system including (near) real-time access to data and flexibility in algorithms, meeting different information needs and improving sustainability, and allowance of a broader range of clinically relevant case-definitions. From a global perspective, it can promote the development of automated surveillance where it is not currently possible and foster international collaboration.The necessary transformation of source data likely will place a significant burden on healthcare facilities. However, this may be outweighed by the potential benefits: improved comparability of surveillance results, flexibility and reuse of data for multiple purposes. Governance and stakeholder agreement to address accuracy, accountability, transparency, digital literacy, and data protection, warrants clear attention to create acceptance of the methodology. In conclusion, federated automated surveillance seems a potential solution for current barriers of large-scale implementation of AS-HAI and AS-SARI. Prerequisites for successful implementation include validation of results and evaluation requirements of network participants to govern understanding and acceptance of the methodology.
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with a prevalence of 80% in Chinese adults, which is the main cause of tooth loss in adults. Periodontitis has also been demonstrated to be a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and many other systemic diseases due to the host immune response elicited by periodontal pathogenic bacteria. In the last decade, probiotics therapy using Lactobacillus Reuteri has been applied for periodontitis patients in European countries. But no evidence has been provided for its effectiveness in a Chinese population. The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of application of Lactobacillus Reuteri probiotics therapy on clinical improvement and on microbial shift in Chinese periodontitis patients. The influence of probiotics therapy on the host inflammatory cytokines levels in periodontitis patients with systemic diseases is also evaluated.
Patients receive venetoclax PO QD on days 1-28 and romidepsin IV on days 1, 8, and 15. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 26 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a safe material having digestive absorption promotive activities for promoting the absorption in the digestive canal. SOLUTION: This digestive absorption promoter comprises a polyvalent unsaturated fatty acid. The medicine contains the digestive absorption promoter in an oil phase as an emulsion or in one homogeneous phase as a microemulsion. The polybasic unsaturated fatty acid is specifically eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) and/or docosahexaenoic acid(DHA). The emulsion dosage form is preferably W/O/W type complex emulsion dosage form, concretely an emulsion dosage form of a water-soluble medicine having low absorptivity from the digestive tract is exemplified.  The water-soluble medicine having low absorptivity from the digestive tract is a medicine impossible to be formed into a preparation as an oral preparation when intending to use the water-soluble medicine as a medicine because the water-soluble medicine has bad absorptivity from the digestive tract in spite of having water-solubility, and exemplified by insulin, vancomycin which is a peptide-based antibiotic, etc.
FIELD: medicine, ophthalmology. SUBSTANCE: it is suggested new medicinal product (and composition on its basis) and new food additive for treating yellow spot degeneration in people. The product is a pure 3R-3′R-stereoisomer of zeaxanthin. This product is more reliable in comparison to beta-carotene or the mixture of lutein and zeaxanthin to provide retinal tissue against phototoxic damage. The innovation expands the quantity of preparations of mentioned indication. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 21 cl, 9 ex, 2 tbl
Children with neuromuscular disorders (NMD) will be participated. Children will be asked to chew a standardized biscuit while video recording. Two physical therapists will assess all video recordings independently and score each video according to the KCPS. The correlation between the KCPS scores of two therapists will be used for interobserver reliability. One therapist will rescore the recordings after an interval of 2 weeks for intraobserver reliability.
Intraoperative aneurysm rupture (IAR) is a feared complication and an unnerving experience for any neurosurgeon. If not managed properly, the consequences may be devastating. Although overall patient outcomes in IAR have been shown to improve with a neurosurgeon's experience, the likelihood of rupture does not necessarily decrease, and the key to success lies in appropriate management. Microsurgical dexterity, remaining calm and acting sensible are important skills that all neurosurgeons need to master early on in order to achieve good patient outcomes. The landscape of cerebrovascular disease management has evolved significantly, with a growing preference for endovascular approaches. Consequently, the case-load of microsurgical procedures available for trainees have been diminished. As microsurgical cases decline and the remaining cases become more complex, the need for a systematic approach to IAR management becomes critical, to ensure a swift and efficient response and to compensate for reduced experience. This video article aims to empower the next generation of neurosurgeons by emphasizing essential skills and a systematic algorithmic approach required to navigate IAR situations successfully. In this video, we present the unedited sequence of IAR management in a posterior communicating artery (PCoA) aneurysm, from rupture to clipping. A 43-year-old female patient presented with headache and diplopia caused by a left oculomotor nerve palsy. Computed tomography (CT) did not show subarachnoid hemorrhage, but CT angiogram revealed a 7-mm left PCoA aneurysm affecting the oculomotor nerve. Patient consent was obtained for surgical management. The predissection phase was uneventful, however during dissection of the aneurysm neck, IAR occurred from the aneurysm dome. One contributing factor to rupture may have been the traction exerted on the aneurysm with the dissector, possibly due to adhesion of the aneurysm dome to the tentorial edge. Additionally, performing intradural drilling of the anterior clinoid process during the approach could have provided better access to proximal control of the internal carotid artery, making clip application easier. By remaining calm and proceeding with the steps illustrated in the decision algorithm (Fig. 1), the right actions were made, and the aneurysm was successfully clipped. In this article, we provide early career vascular neurosurgeons with a systematic strategy for managing IAR, offering guidance that may facilitate the 'right move' during these high-stress situations.
Participants will have a starting duloxetine dosage of 30 mg/day and be titrated up to a daily optimal dosage of 60 mg/day as tolerated during the first 12-weeks of the study. Twelve weeks after the receipt of their prescription, participants will be evaluated for the need to increase medication dosage to 90 mg/day. After duloxetine initiation, participants will be provided an exercise prescription that includes a progressive walking program aiming to achieve 50 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity, three times per week, over 24 weeks.
Patients receive daunorubicin liposomal IV over 6 hours on days 1-3 and SU5416 IV twice a week for 2 months. The second course is administered for 1 month, then treatment continues every 4-6 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Arm I:At the 4-week dose-titration phase, will receive one capsule of pregabalin (75 mg) twice daily from Day 1 to Day 7, and two capsules of pregabalin (150 mg) twice daily from Day 8 to Day 14. From Day 15 to Day 28, patients will perform dosage adjustments based on the pain relief and tolerability. At maintenance phase, patients will take the optimized dosage of pregabalin.
We selected 9 cities (Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Kaifeng, Anyang, Xinyang, Zhoukou, Shangqiu, Nanyang, Zhumadian) by probability proportional to size sampling from geographical regions in central China. All cases with complete follow-up data of histological-proven prostate cancer treated in 2003 and 2008 at 14 department of urology in the 9 cities were retrospectively collected. Only patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer were included in the study. Those with a history of prostate cancer who were treated for another disease were excluded from study.