anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Study 3: Interscalene Brachial Plexus Nerve Block for Total Shoulder Arthroplasty or Rotator Cuff Repair in Adults

A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (NCT02713230) (Study 3) was conducted in 156 adult patients undergoing primary unilateral total shoulder arthroplasty or rotator cuff repair with general anesthesia. The mean age was 61 years (range 33 to 80). Prior to the surgical procedure, patients received 133 mg (10 mL) of bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension expanded with normal saline to 20 mL or placebo as a brachial plexus nerve block (perineural use) via interscalene or supraclavicular approach with ultrasound guidance. Only two patients received nerve block with bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension by supraclavicular approach. Postsurgically, patients were administered acetaminophen/paracetamol up to 1,000 mg orally or intravenously every 8 hours unless contraindicated. Patients were allowed opioid rescue medication administered initially as oral immediate-release oxycodone (initiating at 5 to 10 mg every 4 hours or as needed). If a patient could not tolerate oral medication, intravenous morphine (2.5 to 5 mg) or hydromorphone (0.5 to 1 mg) could be administered every 4 hours or as needed.

In Study 3, there was a statistically significant treatment effect for bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension compared to placebo in cumulative pain scores through 48 hours as measured by the AUC of the visual analog scale (VAS) pain intensity scores. There were statistically significant, but small differences in the amount of opioid consumption through 48 hours, the clinical benefit of which has not been demonstrated. For those patients who required rescue medication, the mean amount of morphine-equivalent opioid rescue used over 48 hours was 12 mg for bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension -treated patients and 54 mg for placebo- treated patients and 23 mg with bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension -treated patients vs. 70 mg for placebo -treated patients over 72 hours.

Although at 48 hours, 9 patients (13%) in the bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension group remained opioid-free compared to 1 patient (1%) in the placebo group, a difference which was statistically significant, at 72 hours, there were 4 (6%) patients in the bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension group who remained opioid-free compared to 1 (1%) patient in the placebo group, a difference that is not statistically significant.
A mucosal preparation obtained by blending a physiologically active peptide at least with a sorbefacient and a vasodilatory compound. Owing to the combined use of the sorbefacient with the vasodilatory compound, the absorption of any desired physiologically active peptide can be enhanced and thus it can be self-administered to a patient without giving any pain caused by parenteral injection. Therefore, it is highly useful as a preparation of a physiologically active peptide for prolonged administration. As the physiologically active peptide, use can be made of insulin, calcitonin, human PTH, somatostatin, glucagon, etc. As the sorbefacient, use can be made of bile acid salts, cyclodextrin, phospholipids, nonionic surfactants, higher fatty acids, etc. As the vasodilatory compounds, use can be made of calcium channel inhibitors, prostaglandin E1, isosorbide nitrate, nitroglycerin, etc.
BACKGROUND: Understanding chronic disease prevalence, patterns, and co-occurrence is pivotal for effective health care planning and disease prevention strategies. In this paper, we aimed to identify the clustering of major non-communicable diseases among Indian adults aged ≥50 years based on their self-reported diagnosed non-communicable disease status and to find the risk factors that heighten the risk of developing the identified disease clusters.
METHODS: We utilised data from the nationally representative survey Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE Wave-2). The eligible sample size was 6298 adults aged ≥50 years. We conducted the latent class analysis to uncover latent subgroups of multimorbidity and the multinomial logistic regression to identify the factors linked to observed latent class membership.
RESULTS: The latent class analysis grouped our sample of men and women >49 years old into three groups - mild multimorbidity risk (41%), moderate multimorbidity risk (30%), and severe multimorbidity risk (29%). In the mild multimorbidity risk group, the most prevalent diseases were asthma and arthritis, and the major prevalent disease in the moderate multimorbidity risk group was low near/distance vision, followed by depression, asthma, and lung disease. Angina, diabetes, hypertension, and stroke were the major diseases in the severe multimorbidity risk category. Individuals with higher ages had an 18% and 15% higher risk of having moderate multimorbidity and severe multimorbidity compared to those in the mild multimorbidity category. Females were more likely to have a moderate risk (3.36 times) and 2.82 times more likely to have severe multimorbidity risk.
CONCLUSIONS: The clustering of diseases highlights the importance of integrated disease management in primary care settings and improving the health care system to accommodate the individual's needs. Implementing preventive measures and tailored interventions, strengthening the health and wellness centres, and delivering comprehensive primary health care services for secondary and tertiary level hospitalisation may cater to the needs of multimorbid patients.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide secretion abnormality-related disease cure-related technology of a hormone secreted from a pituitary body and/or a pineal body based on interaction between proteins.  <P>SOLUTION: By finding out a substance adjusting the interaction between a protein belonging to a 14-3-3 protein family and an ELKL protein (an ELKL motif kinase), a secretion abnormality-related disease curative medicine of the hormone secreted from a pituitary body or/and a pineal body is screened. The interaction is used for manufacturing the secretion abnormality-related disease curative medicine of the hormone. A secretion abnormality-related disease-diagnosing marker of the hormone comprises the protein belonging to the 14-3-3 protein family or a gene coding the protein. An onset risk estimation method for a secretion abnormality-related disease of the hormone uses the protein belonging to the 14-3-3 protein family or the gene coding the protein.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
BACKGROUND: Korea's life expectancy at birth has consistently increased in the 21st century. This study compared the age and cause-specific contribution to the increase in life expectancy at birth in Korea before and after 2010.
METHODS: The population and death numbers by year, sex, 5-year age group, and cause of death from 2000 to 2019 were acquired. Life expectancy at birth was calculated using an abridged life table by sex and year. The annual age-standardized and age-specific mortality by cause of death was also estimated. Lastly, the age and cause-specific contribution to the increase in life expectancy at birth in the two periods were compared using a stepwise replacement algorithm.
RESULTS: Life expectancy at birth in Korea increased consistently from 2010 to 2019, though slightly slower than from 2000 to 2009. The cause-specific mortality and life expectancy decomposition analysis showed a significant decrease in mortality in chronic diseases, such as neoplasms and diseases of the circulatory system, in the middle and old-aged groups. External causes, such as transport injuries and suicide, mortality in younger age groups also increased life expectancy. However, mortality from diseases of the respiratory system increased in the very old age group during 2010-2019.
CONCLUSIONS: Life expectancy at birth in Korea continued to increase mainly due to decreased mortality from chronic diseases and external causes during the study period. However, the aging of the population structure increased vulnerability to respiratory diseases. The factors behind the higher death rate from respiratory disease should be studied in the future.
Patients who present with moderate MR and remain in this state will be re-evaluated at 6 months by a phone call and EMR review for ConComitant Cardiac Medication Review, NYHA Class and Adverse Event Evaluation. At 12 months a follow-up evaluation that will include a review of medications, NYHA class, KCCQ, 6MWT, BNP, Adverse Event review and TTE.
The present clinical trial aims to re-establish a gut functionality state of intestinal flora through selective microbiota transplantation (SMT) or fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for radiation enteritis (RE). FMT is the whole profile of fecal microbiota transplantation. SMT is the intermediate composition of bacteria between traditional probiotics and whole profile of microbiota; it aims to stimulate the efficiency of fecal microbiota transplantation. At enrollment, "Shared Decision Making" intervention was applied to support patient involvement in making health decisions. Patients have opportunity to choose selective microbiota transplantation (SMT) or fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Patients will receive follow-up for at least 4 weeks. Blood test, endoscopy and questionnaire will be used to access participants at study start and at study completion. Fecal microbiota compositions, blood and urinary metabolic profiles of patients will be analyzed to assess associated microbial changes.
Compositions for tissue engineering and drug delivery have been developed based on solutions of two or more polymers which form semi-interpenetrating or interpenetrating polymer networks upon exposure to active species following injection at a site in a patient in need thereof.  The polymers crosslink to themselves but not to each other; semi-interpenetrating networks are formed when only one of the polymers crosslink. The resulting viscous solutions retain the biologically active molecules or cells at the site of injection until release or tissue formation, respectfully, occurs. As a result of studies conducted with polymer-cell suspensions forming interpenetrating polymer networks, it has been determined that polymer solutions can be formulated wherein the active species is provided by exposure of the polymer solution to an exogenous source of active species, typically electromagnetic radiation, preferably light. Studies demonstrate that light will penetrate through skin, body fluids (such as synovial fluid) and membranes and polymerize the polymer solutions. The polymer solutions can be crosslinked ionically or covalently, to form a hydrogel, semi-interpenetrating polymer network or an interpenetrating polymer network.
Currently available chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T-cell therapies targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), namely, idecabtagene vicleucel and ciltacabtagene autoleucel, have shown marked efficacy against relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. However, further improvement in CAR-T-cell function is warranted as most patients treated with these products eventually relapse due to various mechanisms such as antigen loss and T-cell dysfunction or disappearance. Strategies for improving CAR-T-cell function include targeting of dual antigens, enhancing cell longevity through genetic modification, and eliminating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Serious side effects can also occur after CAR-T-cell infusions. Although understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome is growing, the unique movement disorder caused by BCMA-targeted therapy is less understood, and its molecular mechanisms must be further elucidated to establish better management strategies. In this article, we will review the current status of BCMA-targeting CAR-T-cell therapy. We will also highlight progress in the development of CAR-T cells targeting other antigens, as well as universal allogeneic CAR-T cells and bispecific antibodies.
The Global Alliance Against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD) stated physical inactivity as a modifiable risk factor for all chronic respiratory diseases and advocates stakeholders for action, including the health care community. With respect to chronic respiratory conditions, evidence on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease indicates physical inactivity as an independent predictor of the risk of hospitalizations due to acute exacerbations and untimely mortality. Exercise is Medicine® is an initiative of the American College of Sports Medicine which encourages all health care professionals to promptly assess physical activity habits as a vital sign of general physical condition, optimizing exercise counselling or referral and enhancing chronic disease management. Because of this, research directions on Pulmonary Rehabilitation target on methodology development for physical activity assessment, combining subjective patient reported experience and accurate objective measurement on patients' daily life. Hospital Pulido Valente in Lisbon, Portugal, started TELEMOLD, which developed an Android smartphone telemonitoring system with a mobile software application connected to an oximeter and accelerometer sensors. Presently the project evolved to SMARTREAB applying such technology to a combined assessment of pulse oximetry and physical activity as a routine procedure with respiratory patients. This study aims to characterize baseline physical activity in daily life of 100 chronic respiratory patients on Pulmonary Rehabilitation as a primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints include reassessments of physical activity in daily life at discharge from the program, 6 months and 1 year follow-up. The Pulmonary Rehabilitation program will be individually tailored according to patients needs and goals settled within the Rehabilitation team and it will take place at Hospital Pulido Valente, from Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, in Lisbon, Portugal. Patients' assessments include a 4 days SmartReab telemonitoring study providing data of physical activity intensity, heart rate and oxygen levels during awakening periods of daytime. Patients will further participate in a 6 minute walk test and answer selected questionnaires: the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) , the visual analogue scale of the EuroQoL (EuroQoL-VAS), the modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale (mMRC), the COPD assessment test (CAT), the London Chest Activity of Daily Living scale (LCADL) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The research hypothesis is that Pulmonary Rehabilitation will have a positive impact on physical activity in the short, medium and long terms in association with other secondary outcomes assessed. All patients gave informed consent and ethical approval was obtained by the Ethics Committee of Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, EPE and Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa (number 02/17). Statistical analysis will be performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
The known nasal therapeutic agents for external use for viral infections and allergic disorders of the nasal mucosa contain as active ingredients for example imidazole compounds or chromenecarboxylic acid derivatives. The novel nasal therapeutic agent contains herbal active ingredients from Echinacea (coneflower) species which act on the immune system. A pressed juice, an extract or a mother tincture from the plant or the roots of Echinacea angustifolia, Echinacea pallida or Echinacea purpurea is applied in the form of nose drops, nasal spray, metering spray or nasal ointment to the affected nasal mucosa. The effect thereof can be enhanced and the healing process can be shortened in a mixture or combination with known nasal therapeutic agents. Compositions for viral infections and allergic disorders of the nasal mucosa, e.g. colds or hayfever.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a lip stick composition in which both smooth feeling in use and secondary adherence property are improved by compounding a mixture consisting of a volatile oil component and a nonvolatile oil component with a water repellent polymer together with powder having specific particle diameters. SOLUTION: This composition is obtained by compounding a volatile oil component, a water repellent polymer, powder (capable of being covered with the polymer in a state where the volatile oil component is absent) and a nonvolatile coil component (compatible with the volatile oil component). The powder contains at least large diameter particles and ultra fine particles. The particle diameters of ultra fine particles are 0.01-0.1μm, and the ratio of particle diameter of the ultra fine particle to that of the large diameter particle is 1:20 to 1:500. Preferably, in the composition, the volatile oil component is compounded in an amount of 10-50wt.%, the water repellent polymer 10-35wt.%, the powder 2-20wt.% and the nonvolatile oil component 10-40wt.%. The ultra fine particle is preferably silica.  The volatile oil component and the water repellent polymer are preferably a volatile silicone oil and a silicone resin, respectively.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition and traditional Chinese medicine oral preparation for treating alopecia and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is composed of, by weight, 5-15 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 5-15 parts of polygonum multiflorum, 5-15 parts of pawpaws, 10-20 parts of angelica sinensis, 5-15 parts of notopterygium roots, 5-15 parts of barbary wolfberry fruits, 5-25 parts of radix rehmanniae, 2-10 parts of fructus psoraleae, 5-15 parts of roots of bidentate achyranthes, 5-15 parts of glossy privet fruits, 5-15 parts of white peony roots and 5-15 parts of poria cocos. The types of traditional Chinese medicines contained in the formula is fewer, and the formula is simple and reasonable. The traditional Chinese medicine oral preparation prepared from the traditional Chinese medicine composition is a pure traditional Chinese medicine preparation, and toxic and side effects are fewer in long-term taking. The traditional Chinese oral preparation is prepared through decoction and extraction, the preparation method is simple, convenient, easy to carry out and capable of being produced in a large scale. Combination of regulating and treating can be conducted on patients through the traditional Chinese medicine oral preparation, metabolism and internal secretion of the patients can be conducted orderly, and therefore a better effect for treating the alopecia is achieved.
Patients undergo leukapheresis then receive lymphodepletion chemotherapy with fludarabine IV and cyclophosphamide IV on days -5, -4 and -3 and huCD19-CAR T IV cells over 10-15 minutes on day 0. Patients may optionally receive cetuximab IV over 60-120 minutes at least 28 days post T cell infusion and undergo alloHCT. Additionally, patients undergo ECHO or MUGA, CT or PET/CT and optional MRI on study and bone marrow biopsy and aspiration and blood sample collection throughout the study.
Clostridium difficile Associated Diarrhea

Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (COAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including Ceftriaxone for Injection, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis. Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of C. difficile. C. difficile produces toxins A and B which contribute to the development of COAD. Hypertoxin producing strains of C. difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy. COAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibiotic use. Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over two months after the administration of antibacterial agents. If COAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against C. difficile may need to be discontinued. Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C. difficile, and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated.
A late differentiation antigen (LDA1) expressed by activated helper cells is described. LDA1 is a membrane protein recognized by a monoclonal antibody produced by immunizing mice with an alloreactive human T cell clone with helper function. LDA1 is expressed by helper T cells optionally 9 days after activation. Anti-LDA1 monoclonal antibody blocks T cell enhancement of B-cell immunoglobulin production. Thus, LDA1 is associated with helper T cell effector function. Methods of diagnosis and therapy based upon LDA1 are also described.
SHAM stimulation will also be administered with a MagPro X100 stimulator (MagVenture, Denmark), using a 70 mm figure-of-eight liquid cooled coil capable of doing active or sham stimulation (e.g. the Cool B70 coil or the Cool B65 A/P coil). SHAM rTMS will be delivered at 80-120% of a patient's resting or active motor threshold. SHAM stimulation will be delivered to the exact same cortical targets as active rTMS. While no electromagnetic stimulation will be delivered during SHAM, the sounds will approximate active stimulation and skin electrodes will approximate the sensation of active rTMS. Inclusion of a sham condition in this protocol is critical to measure whether or not the stimulation is improving memory or language performance, or whether practice effects or other non-specific effects are responsible for any changes in memory or language performance which may be observed.
Fluorescent areas detected during blue light cystoscopy may not indicate a bladder mucosal lesion. In the controlled clinical studies, approximately 20% of the lesions detected only by blue light cystoscopy showed neither dysplasia nor carcinoma [ see Clinical Studies (14)]. False positive fluorescence may result from inflammation, cystoscopic trauma, scar tissue or bladder mucosal biopsy from a previous cystoscopic examination, and recent BCG immunotherapy or intravesical chemotherapy. In a study of patients treated with recent BCG immunotherapy or intravesical chemotherapy, the rate of false positives with blue light was 55% between 6 weeks to 90 days and 41% after 90 days; the false positive rate was 53% and 33% at the respective time intervals with white light. 

The presence of urine and/or blood within the bladder may interfere with the detection of tissue fluorescence. To enhance the diagnostic utility of Cysview with the Karl Storz D-Light C PDD System:

  * ensure the bladder is emptied of urine prior to the instillation of fluids at cystoscopy;
  * biopsy/resect bladder mucosal lesions only following completion of both white light and blue light rigid cystoscopy;
PURPOSE:To obtain a new zinc tranexamate compound useful as an excellent antiulcer or anti-gastritis, showing excellent actions or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt. CONSTITUTION:A zinc tranexamate compound of formula I or its pharmaceutically acceptable organic acid salt. The compound of the formula is obtained by reacting tranexamic acid of formula II with an alkali agent and a zinc compound or further the zinc tranexamate compound with an organic acid. The compound of formula I has excellent actions on gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer and low toxicity. The compound is orally or parenterally used in various forms such as tablet, capsule, granule or powder. Since the organic acid salt of the formula I is water-soluble, the salt is usable in wide uses of external preparation such as injection, transfusion, syrup, eye drop, tooth disease agent, nasal drop or inhalent. A dose is preferably 300-2,000mg per adult daily and applied dividedly 3-4 times in the case of oral administration.