anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Research questions/hypotheses: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the main cause of legal blindness among elderly patients in industrialized countries. The main reason for severe and irreversible visual impairment among these patients is subretinal fibrosis (SF). Large-scale interventional trials (e.g. CATT) have shown that half of all eyes affected by choroidal neovascularization (CNV) develop clinically visible fibrotic scarring over two years despite optimal treatment, causing irreversible retinal damage and functional loss. Thus, prevention of fibrosis in AMD is currently the focus of researchers worldwide. Clearly defined end points for interventional trials, however, are lacking because detection and quantification of SF is challenging. Clinical staging of SF is subjective and current gold standard imaging modalities such as color fundus photography (CFP), fluorescein angiography (FA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), even in concert, do not allow a distinct and early delineation of SF. Novel imaging modalities such as polarization-sensitive OCT (PS-OCT), OCT angiography (OCTA) and adaptive optics (AO)-OCT are promising means to objectively detect SF and provide detailed insights into the biology of the microvascular and neurosensory compartments. Our group recently demonstrated that PS-OCT offers automated identification and quantification of SF in AMD based on tissue-specific contrast. Aim of the proposed research project is to detect and characterize the angiofibrotic switch, i.e. the transition from active and reversible neovascularization to irreversible fibrosis, in neovascular AMD under anti-VEGF treatment. We hypothesize to detect the initiating events of fibrotic conversion including even subclinical stages of fibrosis by non-invasive PS-OCT and identify the association with fibrovascular and retinal changes by OCTA and AO-OCT, respectively.

Scientific/scholarly innovation/originality of the project: The combination of PS-OCT, OCTA and AO-OCTA to non-invasively detect pathognomonic features of fibrovascular conversion is a novel and unprecedented approach towards objective visualization and quantification of disease pathomechanisms. Outcomes of this study may provide clearly defined morphological endpoints for future interventional trials.

Methods: Eighty eyes of 80 patients with chronic nAMD will be included and examined cross-sectionally to evaluate the accuracy of PS-OCT to detect and quantify fibrosis in comparison to gold standard imaging. In addition, OCTA and AO-OCT will be performed to analyze the relationship between fibrous, vascular and retinal structures. Furthermore, forty eyes of 40 participants with treatment-naïve nAMD will be included in a prospective study and followed for one year under treatment. PS-OCT, AO-OCT and OCTA imaging will be performed according to a standardized protocol at predefined visits. Gold standard imaging will be performed for validation.
Task-oriented training TOT group was conducted with an average of 50-min sessions three times a week for 8 weeks. Baseline Canadian Occupational Performance Measure COPM results were used to generate individualized intervention goals for each participant.
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of dietary carbohydrate supplements (prebiotics) on cognition, behavior and physiology in healthy individuals.

This study will be separated into one pre-study visit + three consecutive weeks: Baseline (week 1), Intervention (week 2) and Assessment (week 3). For these three weeks, participants will be asked to take diet surveys and make in-person visits to complete online cognitive assessments and provide samples of blood and saliva to assess levels of serotonin and cortisol in addition to other basic metabolites. During the Intervention week, participants will be given snack bars that they will be asked to eat twice a day, for five days in a row. There will be two treatment groups that participants will be randomly assigned to, which vary according to the carbohydrate makeup of snack bars. For the entire three-week study period, participants will also be asked to collect samples of their stool at home every Tuesday and Friday. They will also be provided with wearable devices (a watch) to track their daily heart rate and activity level (including sleep) for the entirety of the study. Participants will be compensated for their time for each stage of the study, once in-person visits begin.

The greatest risks of this study include the possibility of infection while sampling your own stool, and momentary discomfort and/or bruising associated with blood draws. Discomfort as a result of consuming the bars is possible in the form of flatulence, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, or borborygmi (stomach rumbling). Participants weighing less than 140 pounds may be more likely to develop diarrhea than those weighing more. Should any such discomfort occur, it can be alleviated simply by discontinuing consumption of the prebiotic. Infection, fainting, and excess bleeding/clotting, though highly unlikely, are also possible. Participants also face risks associated with the loss of confidentiality.
BACKGROUND: Being overweight is a key modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the impact of longitudinal changes in body mass index (BMI) on the risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) remains unclear, especially among overweight populations.
METHODS: This nested case-control study utilized data from the Korean National Health Information Database between 2009 and 2018. A total of 23 453 OHCA patients, who underwent national health check-ups within 1 and 2-4 years before OHCA occurrence, and 31 686 controls, who underwent similar national health check-ups, were included. The study population was matched for sex, age and survival status. Conditional logistic regression was employed to analyse the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of each BMI per cent change in assessing the risk of OHCA occurrence within 1 year.
RESULTS: A reverse J-shaped association between BMI per cent change and OHCA risk was observed, even among overweight populations. Among the overweight populations, weight loss significantly increased OHCA risk, with ORs (95% CI) of 4.10 (3.23-5.20) for severe weight loss (BMI decrease > 15%), 2.72 (2.33-3.17) for moderate weight loss (BMI decrease 10-15%) and 1.46 (1.35-1.59) for mild weight loss (BMI decrease 5-10%). Conversely, mild weight gain (BMI increase 5-10%) did not significantly increase OHCA risk. The impact of weight changes on the occurrence of OHCA differed by sex, being more prominent in males.
CONCLUSIONS: Significant weight changes within a 4-year period increase the risk of OHCA with a reverse J-shaped association, even among overweight and obese individuals. Maintaining a stable weight could be a reliable public health strategy irrespective of the weight status, particularly for males.
PURPOSE:To provide a method for industrially producing casein glycopeptide(CGP) expected in the increase of demands in various fields such as foods, drugs and biochemistry. CONSTITUTION:A CGP-containing raw material such as cheese whey is controlled to a pH of 3.0-6.0 and mixed with alcohol to produce precipitates. The supernatant is treated with an ion exchange chromatography to recover CGP. The CGP recovered is, if necessary, further separated and purified into sialo CGP and asialo CGP by a peanut lectin affinity chromatography. The highly pure CGP can be massively produced at a low cost. The purification using the lectin column permits to especially effectively purify the sialo CGP and lessen the scale of a chromatography device.
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of men's death worldwide. Although early diagnosis and therapy for localized prostate cancer have improved, the majority of men with metastatic disease die from prostate cancer annually. Therefore, identification of the cellular-molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of prostate cancer is essential for overcoming controlled proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that mediate most cells' interactions and contain membrane proteins, cytosolic and nuclear proteins, extracellular matrix proteins, lipids, metabolites, and nucleic acids. Exosomes play an essential role in paracrine pathways, potentially influencing Prostate cancer progression through a wide variety of mechanisms. In the present review, we outline and discuss recent progress in our understanding of the role of exosomes in the Prostate cancer microenvironment, like their involvement in prostate cancer occurrence, progression, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, and drug resistance. We also present the latest findings regarding the function of exosomes as biomarkers, direct therapeutic targets in prostate cancer, and the challenges and advantages associated with using exosomes as natural carriers and in exosome-based immunotherapy. These findings are a promising avenue for the expansion of potential clinical approaches.
Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) is a critical sepsis complication characterized by reversible cardiac depression during early septic shock. Neutrophils, integral to innate immunity, can mediate organ damage when abnormal, but their specific role in sepsis-induced myocardial damage remains elusive. Our study focuses on elucidating the role of Neutrophil-Related Genes (NRGs) in SCM, finding early diagnosis and treatment biomarkers. We identified shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from datasets GSE79962 and GSE44363 and pinpointed hub DEGs using the cytoHubba plugin in Cytoscape software. The Neutrophil-Related Hub Gene (NRHG) MRC1 was identified via intersecting hub DEGs with NRGs from WGCNA. We validated MRC1's abnormal expression in SCM using our data and external datasets. Furthermore, a neutrophil-related ceRNA network (AC145207.5/ miR-23a-3p/MRC1) was constructed and validated. Our findings reveal MRC1 as a potential NRHG in SCM pathogenesis, offering insights into neutrophil-mediated mechanisms in SCM and providing a novel molecular target for early diagnosis and intervention in SCM.
OBJECTIVE: Poor sleep quality is common in patients with cancer, but the prevalence rates varied widely across studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality among patients with cancer.
METHODS: Systematic literature searches were independently conducted in the major databases (Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE and PsycINFO). Studies that reported the prevalence of poor sleep quality in patients with cancer were analyzed using a random effects model. Funnel plots and Egger's tests were used to assess publication bias. Statistical analyses were performed using R software.
RESULTS: A total of 59 epidemiological studies involving 16,223 patients were included. The pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality in patients with cancer was 57.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 53.3% - 61.6%]. Additionally, three comparative studies with 372 patients and 412 healthy controls were included. Compared to healthy controls, patients with cancer had a significantly higher risk for poor sleep quality [odd ratio (OR) = 3.0; 95%CI: 1.2-7.2; P < 0.05]. Subgroup analyses of the studies revealed that studies from Middle East & North Africa region and low income countries, and on gynecological cancer as well as those with a lower cut-off value of sleep quality (all P < 0.01) reported a higher prevalence of poor sleep quality. Meta-regression analyses showed that higher prevalence of poor sleep quality was associated with higher prevalence of comorbid depression (P < 0.05) and anxiety (P < 0.01), but was associated with a lower education level (P < 0.05) and alcohol use ratio (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Poor sleep quality is common among patients with cancer. Considering the overall high prevalence rate and negative impact of poor sleep quality, appropriate measures to identify and improve poor sleep quality are needed to enhance the clinical outcomes in this group.
PURPOSE: A system for transmitting a medical prescription and a method thereof are provided to decrease a waiting time by transmitting a medical prescription to a drugstore which is used by a medical consumer most conveniently in real time using a mobile telephone network or the Internet. CONSTITUTION: If a medical consumer visits a hospital for receiving a medical treatment, the hospital inputs a prescription to a smart card of the medical consumer through a smart card terminal after a medical treatment(410). The medical consumer performs a log-in process to a prescription transmission server using the Internet or a mobile communication network. The medical consumer transmits the prescription to the prescription transmission server. The prescription transmission server judges whether the consumer wishes to use one's favorite drugstore(430). If the consumer does not wish to use one's favorite drugstore, a proper drugstore list is prepared and suggested to the consumer(432). The consumer selects a wanted drugstore out of the list(434). The prescription transmission server judges whether the selected drugstore is open(440). If the selected drugstore is open, a code prescription is transmitted to the drugstore(450). The prescription transmission server judges whether a response related to a compounding is existed from the drugstore(455). If a response is existed, it is judged whether the consumer wishes to receive the compounded drug through a delivery(460). If the consumer does not wish to receive the compounded drug through a delivery, the prescription transmission server transmits a process result to the consumer(470).
OBJECTIVE: The decision on whether or not and how to treat a local cartilage defect is still made intraoperatively based on the visual presentation of the cartilage and findings from indentations with an arthroscopic probe. The treatment decision is then usually based on grading according to established classifications systems, which, therefore, need to have high reliability and accuracy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of the Outerbridge classification in staging cartilage defects.
METHODS: We performed an observer arthroscopic study using the Outerbridge classification on seven fresh-frozen human cadaveric knees, which collectively exhibited nine cartilage defects. To evaluate accuracy, defect severity was verified through histological examination. Interrater and intrarater reliabilites were calculated using Cohen's kappa and the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC 3.1).
RESULTS: The interrater and intrarater reliability for the Outerbridge classification ranged from poor to substantial, with 0.24 ≤ κ ≤ 0.70 and κ = 0.55 to κ = 0.66, respectively. The accuracy evaluated by comparison with the histological examination was 63% overall. The erroneous evaluations were, however, still often at the discrimination of grade 2 and 3. We did not find any relationship between higher experience and accuracy or intraobserver reliability. Taken together, these results encourage surgeons to further use diagnostic arthroscopy for evaluating cartilage lesions. Nevertheless, especially in grade 2 and 3, deviations from the histology were observed. This is, however, the point where a decision is made on whether to surgically address the defect or not.
CONCLUSION: Diagnostic arthroscopy is the standard for cartilage lesion assessment, yet interobserver reliability is fair to substantial. Caution is warranted in interpreting varied observer results. The accuracy of the "simpler" Outerbridge classification is insufficient compared to histological examinations, highlighting the need for improved techniques in guideline-based intraoperative decision-making.
The invention described herein relates to a prodrug that is converted into a dopamine agonist. The dopamine prodrug may be combined with one or more dopamine antagonists, dopamine receptor inhibitors, or vesicular monoamine transport inhibitors. A prodrug is a biologically inactive compound that can be metabolized by the body into its active form. For example, a prodrug placed on the ocular surface can undergo hydrolysis during penetration of the ocular surface, resulting in a biologically active drug. A prodrug allows for use of a lower concentration of the drug and protects against undesirable side effects. A prodrug can also help augment drug uptake into the target tissue.
Mpowerment (MP) is an evidence-based community-level, structural, social and behavioral intervention for HIV prevention for young men who have sex with men (MSM). MP targets individual and community empowerment and community mobilization, self-affirmation, sexual self-knowledge and creation of a supportive and affirming social environment. MP has been widely used in the U.S. but not in Peru, with the exception of earlier pilot research. In the earlier research, MP was adapted for the sociocultural issues facing MSM and transgender (trans) women in Peru, and only focused risk reduction and increasing HIV testing. In addition to the MP (which is called the community-based intervention), a health systems component has been added. The health systems includes (1) sensitization of hospital staff (where people living with HIV obtain their medication) to the issues facing transgender women and MSM; (2) the use of Navigators, who help MSM and trans women at the hospital navigate the system of care and remain in care; and (3) a focus on "positive prevention", in which providers talk about the positive aspects of maintaining in care and being virally suppressed instead of only talking about "avoiding death." There is a 2.5 year implementation of the intervention, called "Projecto Orgullo Plus" or Project Pride Plus, which involves a longitudinal cohort of MSM/trans in two large districts of Lima, Peru. Primary outcomes will be unprotected anal sex and HIV testing. Secondary outcomes will be self-reported visits to hospital for care and adherence to medications.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.  
  
Based on multicenter cooperative group ALL trials, the most common adverse reaction occurring in > 20% of patients was mylelosuppression including anemia, neutropenia, lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia. Adverse reactions occurring in 5% to 20% of patients included anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, malaise, and rash. Adverse reactions occurring in < 5 % of patients included urticaria, hyperuricemia, oral lesions, elevated transaminases, hyperbilirubinemia, hyperpigmentation, infections, and pancreatitis. Oral lesions resemble thrush rather than antifolic ulcerations. Delayed or late toxicities include hepatic fibrosis, hyperbilirubinemia, alopecia, pulmonary fibrosis, oligospermia and secondary malignancies. [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.2)].  
  
Drug fever has been reported with PURIXAN.
A growing body of evidence suggests that cardiometabolic risk factors play a significant role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Diabetes, obesity and hypertension are highly prevalent and can accelerate neurodegeneration and perpetuate the burden of AD. Insulin resistance and enzymes including insulin degrading enzymes are implicated in AD where breakdown of insulin is prioritised over amyloid-β. Leptin resistance and inflammation demonstrated by higher plasma and central nervous system levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β and tumour necrosis factor-α, are mechanisms connecting obesity and diabetes with AD. Leptin has been shown to ameliorate AD pathology and enhance long-term potentiation and hippocampal-dependent cognitive function. The renin-aldosterone angiotensin system, involved in hypertension, has been associated with AD pathology and neurotoxic reactive oxygen species, where angiotensin binds to specific angiotensin-1 receptors in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. This review aims to consolidate the evidence behind putative processes stimulated by obesity, diabetes and hypertension, which leads to increased AD risk. We focus on how novel knowledge can be applied clinically to facilitate recognition of efficacious treatment strategies for AD.
Peroral preparations of chloramphenicol consisting of a mixture of chloramphenicol with a low-viscosity neutral oil in soft gelatin capsules. Highly resorbable form of the broad-spectrum antibiotic chloramphenicol giving better serum levels than all other known oral formulations. Particularly suitable low-viscosity neutral oils are triglyceride mixtures of saturated fatty acids of moderate chain-length, e.g. 'Miglyol 812'. The chloramphenicol content of the capsules can vary, e.g. from 100-1,000 mg./capsule, but is pref. ca. 500 mg./capsule. The amount of oil should be such as to give an easily worked suspension, ca. 0.5-0.6 parts of oil to 1 part of chloramphenicol being sufficient. Small amounts of lecithin and wax mixtures are advantageously added. The soft gelatin capsules are manufactured in a conventional manner.
As the most important biologic rhythm timer, exogenous light supplement has certain benefits for the improvement of sleep quality and dementia. At present, it is gradually used in sleep and neuropsychiatric diseases. In an open study, 120 patients with PD received 4000 to 6000 lux of light, for 60 minutes before habitual bedtime. The patients were followed up for several months to 8 years, and it found the patients who persisted in the treatment improved their mood, anxiety and motor function. Clinical studies have confirmed the safety and effectiveness of light in improving insomnia and daytime sleepiness of PD patients. It was found that strong light can significantly improve the patients' motor and non-motor symptoms. However, these findings have not been reported in Chinese PD patients. The aim of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to clarify the effect of bright light therapy on motor symptoms and sleep disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease and explore the possible mechanism.
A computer program stored in a storage medium and a computer-implemented method for scheduling appointments for an office or business includes program code for displaying screen displays on a computer monitor, including a day view screen display (18) with a plurality of thermometer-style schedules (43) having a vertical bar graph (44) opposite a daily appointment file (45) having multiple rows for entering appointment data. A horizontal scroll bar (48) allows the schedules to be displayed over a distance that is wider than a display area on the screen. The vertical bar graph (44) includes color-coded bars (47) to signify the status of appointments as: i) prior to check-in, ii) after check-in and iii) canceled appointments. In a "day view" schedules are arranged by selecting a group from a group list (24). The appointments can be predetermined as to type and duration, and a scheduler can refer to a list (63) of such pre-configured appointments (65) in scheduling patients. Various types of color-coding arrangements and icons are provided for patient status.
The present invention relates to a recombinant multivalent vaccine. The recombinant protein comprises a first antigen peptide, an N-polypeptide (SEQ ID NO. 1), a second antigen peptide, a C-polypeptide (SEQ ID NO. 3) and a third antigen peptide from the N end to the C end; wherein the N-polypeptide and the C-polypeptide are polypeptides formed by an intramolecular skeleton for supporting and stabilizing the intramolecular skeleton NC of the conformation of the first, second and third antigen peptides. The present invention provides recombinant multivalent vaccines 3Ro-NC (SEQ ID NO. 17) and 3Rs-NC (SEQ ID NO. 19) against SARS-CoV-2 variant. The invention adopts 3Ro-NC plus KFD as the vaccine for preventing mucous membrane SARS-CoV-2, which can provide protection against Omicron infection in the upper respiratory tract and the lower respiratory tract.