anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common inflammatory disorder with a high rate of recurrence. This study aimed to explore biomarkers for identifying patients with recurrent CRSwNP (rCRSwNP).
METHODS: We recruited two independent cohorts. In the discovery cohort, rCRSwNP patients and non-recurrent CRSwNP (non-rCRSwNP) patients were recruited, and the serum proteomic profile was characterized. The top 5 upregulated and downregulated proteins were confirmed in the validation cohort by ELISA, WB, and qRT-PCR, and their predictive values for postoperative recurrence were assessed. In vitro, human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpCs) were employed to assess the ability of candidate proteins to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
RESULTS: Serum proteomics identified 53 different proteins, including 30 increased and 23 decreased, between the rCRSwNP and non-rCRSwNP groups. ELISA results revealed that serum levels of CD163 and TGF-β1 were elevated, CD109 and PRDX2 were decreased in the rCRSwNP group compared to the non-rCRSwNP group, and serum CD163, TGF-β1, and CD109 levels were proved to be associated with the risk of postoperative recurrence. In addition, qRT-PCR and WB revealed that tissue CD163, TGF-β1, and CD109 expressions in rCRSwNP patients were enhanced compared to those non-rCRSwNP patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that increased CD163 and TGF-β1 expression and decreased CD109 expression are associated with the risk of recurrence in CRSwNP patients. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that TGF-β1 and CD109 had superior diagnostic performances for rCRSwNP. In vitro experiments showed that TGF-β1 promoted EMT in HNEpCs, and overexpression of CD109 reversed this effect. Functional recovery experiments confirmed that CD109 could attenuate EMT in HNEpCs by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway, attenuating EMT in epithelial cells.
CONCLUSION: Our data suggested that TGF-β1 and CD109 might serve as promising predictors of rCRSwNP. The TGF-β1/Smad pathway was implicated in fostering EMT in epithelial cells, particularly those exhibiting low expression of CD109. Consequently, the absence of CD109 expression in epithelial cells could be a potential mechanism underlying rCRSwNP.
The 4th group (cross sectional group) will be prospectively recruited from patients who come to Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) for clinically indicated MRIs and found to have structurally normal cardiac and brain anatomy. These patients will have an abbreviated research MRI, lasting 15-20 minutes, added onto their clinically-indicated MRI at CHOP. They will also have Neurodevelopmental Testing.
The goal of this study is to examine if exposure to vegan soul food restaurants can increase African American adults' perceived benefits of consuming plant-based foods more so than standard guidelines. Although the health benefits of vegan diets are well documented, many people are reluctant to commit to a vegan diet long term. Various issues like food preparation, a lack of social support, or other barriers are often mentioned as reasons why people can't be vegan. This study will (1) find out if short term exposure (i.e. 3 weeks) to culturally tailored curriculum focusing on the health benefits of consuming plant-based foods increases African American adults' perceptions of adopting a vegan diet. And (2) if eating out a few times a week at vegan soul food restaurants can further increase African American adults' perceived benefits of a vegan than having to prepare all meals at home.

Study participants will receive counseling and informational materials from a trained research assistant to follow a vegan diet for 3 weeks. Participants will be randomly assigned to either a standard group or a restaurant group. The standard group will receive gift cards to shop at local super markets. The restaurant group will receive gift cards to eat out a few times a week at local vegan soul food restaurants. Changes in individuals' perceived benefits and barriers to consuming plant-based foods will be assessed with a validated survey at baseline and at the end of the 3 week period.
This state-of-the-art review explores the intricacies of anastomotic leaks following oesophagectomy and gastrectomy, crucial surgeries for globally increasing esophageal and gastric cancers. Despite advancements, anastomotic leaks occur in up to 30 % and 10 % of oesophagectomy and gastrectomy cases, respectively, leading to prolonged hospital stays, substantial impact upon short- and long-term health-related quality of life and greater mortality. Recognising factors contributing to leaks, including patient characteristics and surgical techniques, are vital for preoperative risk stratification. Diagnosis is challenging, involving clinical signs, biochemical markers, and various imaging modalities. Management strategies range from non-invasive approaches, including antibiotic therapy and nutritional support, to endoscopic interventions such as stent placement and emerging vacuum-assisted closure devices, and surgical interventions, necessitating timely recognition and tailored interventions. A step-up approach, beginning non-invasively and progressing based on treatment success, is more commonly advocated. This comprehensive review highlights the absence of standardised treatment algorithms, emphasizing the importance of individualised patient-specific management.
BACKGROUND: Many methods have been developed for localizing non-palpable breast lesions. This study investigated the success rate and surgical results of the magnetic seed (Magseed) and radiofrequency identification (RFID) method, which are relatively new compared to standard wire-guided localizations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 20 simulation (10 Magseed, 10 RFID) models were created using turkey breasts and raisins. Raisins containing magnetic seed and RFID tags were placed on the turkey breast. Sentimag® probe was used for the Magseed group, and Faxitron LOCalizer™ System device was used in the RFID group. Both methods were evaluated in terms of accuracy in detecting breast lesion localization, operation times, excised tissue weights, total resection volume, surgical margin negativity, and re-excision rates.
RESULTS: Lesion localization success in both techniques was 100%. While procedure times were statistically significantly shorter in the Magseed group, incision lengths were shorter in the RFID group (P = 0.013, P = 0.007, respectively). No statistically significant difference was found between the groups for the weight of the removed parts, total resection volume, and surgical margin distance (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: In this feasibility study, it was concluded that neither the RFID nor Magseed methods had a significant advantage over each other, in terms of localization detection and surgical margin negativity, and both methods could be used successfully for localization.
A naphthalene derivative represented by the following general formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt of the derivative. They have human SGLT inhibitory activity and are useful as a preventive or therapeutic agent for diseases attributable to hyperglycemia, such as diabetes and obesity. In the chemical structural formula, R1 to R6 each is hydrogen, OH, etc.; R7 and R8 each is hydrogen, OH, halogeno, etc.; Q is alkylene, etc.; ring A is aryl, etc.; and G is a group represented by the following general formula (G-1) or (G-2).
A mud mask with real leaves is described. The mud mask is made by separating a leaf batch into a first sub-batch, a second sub-batch, and a third sub-batch. The first sub-batch is ground into a fine powder, while the second sub-batch remains as whole leaves and the third sub-batch is chopped into partially chopped leaves. The fine powder and whole leaves are added to hot water for a period of time to form a brewed tea. Thereafter, the partially chopped leaves and mud components are added to the brewed tea to form a mud solution, which is mixed to form the mud product. The mud product is packaged and allowed to marinate, which allows the leaves to begin releasing their nutrients and antioxidants into the mud formula, after which the mud mask includes atypical and unusually high levels of nutrients, antioxidants and caffeine.
Patients receive acalabrutinib PO BID on days 1-28. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 12 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Treatment with acalabrutinib may be continued beyond 12 cycles for a maximum of 36 cycles if, in the opinion of the treating physician, the patient might benefit from ongoing therapy.
Macrophage elaboration of inflammatory responses is dynamically regulated, shifting from acute induction to delayed suppression during the course of infection. Here, we show that such regulation of inflammation is modulated by dynamic shifts in metabolism. In macrophages exposed to the bacterial product lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an initial induction of protein biosynthesis is followed by compensatory induction of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 1 (NRF1), leading to increased flux through the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS). A major target of NRF1-mediated UPS flux is the mitochondrial proteome, and in the absence of NRF1, ubiquitinated mitochondrial proteins accumulate to trigger severe mitochondrial stress. Such mitochondrial stress engages the integrated stress response-ATF4 axis, which limits mitochondrial translation to attenuate mitochondrial stress but amplifies inflammatory responses to augment susceptibility to septic shock. Therefore, NRF1 mediates a dynamic regulation of mitochondrial proteostasis in inflammatory macrophages that contributes to curbing inflammatory responses.
This is a prospective observational multicentre study. The study is to obtain the real world data of the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam(CAZ-AVI) in the treatment of critically ill patients with carbapenem-resistant organisms(CRO) infections (including dialysis patients and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO) patients) by using therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM). A population-pharmacokinetic(PPK) model of CAZ-AV in these patients will be established in this study. The main question it aims to answer is the clinical success rate and microbiological success rate of CAZ-AVI based regimen in the treatment of critically ill patients with CRO infections. According to the clinical practice (symptoms, signs, imaging, culture and drug sensitivity, etc.), the doctor determines the combined regimen of CAZ-AVI, and the combined drugs are used routinely according to their instructions or clinical diagnosis and treatment.
INTRODUCTION: In high-frequency spinal cord stimulation anatomic placement targeting of the T9-10 disc space is based on "empiric" results that are best replicated with coverage broadly from T8 to T10. This study contains the largest cohort of patients evaluating low thoracic morphology and seeks to address the lack of MRI morphological analysis in literature.
METHODS: This study was a retrospective review of a database of 101 consecutive patients undergoing permanent implant of thoracic SCS for chronic pain. Measurements were carried out on preoperative MRI imaging. Anteroposterior (AP) and lateral dimensions of the spinal cord as well as dural sac were measured. In addition, dorsal cerebrospinal fluid thickness and paddle depression distance were also measured.
RESULTS: When comparing morphological dimensions by level, dorsal CSF thickness was smaller at T9-10 than T7-8 (p = 0.018). In addition, lateral dural and spinal cord diameters were larger at T10-11 than T9-10, contributing to larger dural surface area at T10-11 (p = 0.028). While trends of dorsal CSF thickness tend to decrease with lower thoracic levels, the ratio of surface area of spinal cord to dural sac appeared to remain relatively constant.
CONCLUSIONS: Dorsal CSF thickness is smaller at T9-10 than T7-8 in chronic pain patients in this cohort. More ellipsoid, cord, and spinal canal diameter measurements were noted at lower levels of the thoracic spinal cord, particularly at T10-11. This may correlate with anatomical SCS placement. Future studies should evaluate efficacy of SCS therapy for pain based on these anatomical considerations.
All study subjects with acromegaly will be studied twice - once during the active stage of their disease (pre-treatment) and a second time: 3 months after treatment of acromegaly. Controls will be studied at one time point.
Sleep-related eating disorder is a non-rapid-eye movement parasomnia typified by recurrent episodes of eating/drinking following arousals, with associated partial/complete amnesia. Adverse health consequences and quality of life impairments are common. The condition can be idiopathic but most often accompanies unrecognized/untreated comorbid sleep disorders and/or is induced by psychoactive medications. As such, management consists of addressing comorbidities and removing potentially offending medications. While a thorough clinical history is often sufficient, additional sleep testing may help identify coexisting sleep disorders and/or other phenomena that may cause arousals. Limited data suggest benefit from topiramate and other medications in idiopathic or otherwise refractory cases.
Study subjects randomized to this arm would receive stepped care for their pain. Stepped care involves FDA-approved analgesic therapy, a 12-week pain self-management program, and if pain does not improve, a 12-week cognitive behavioral therapy program.
In this randomized controlled waitlist design, following a baseline assessment, we will randomly assign CSPs into the experimental group (n = 40) or a waitlist group (n = 40). The experimental group will receive the intervention immediately, whereas the waitlist control will wait 4 weeks and have a second baseline assessment before receiving the intervention. All participants will complete an identical assessment battery at pre-intervention baseline, immediately post-intervention, and 3-months following the intervention.
Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease, most frequently involving the hands, resulting in pain, stiffness and loss of hand function. At present, there is no option to prevent the onset or the progression of hand osteoarthritis (OA). It is believed that inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of OA and that anti-inflammatory drugs might be an effective treatment for OA. Anti-malarial agents like chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are potential anti-inflammatory drugs and hydroxychloroquine has already proven to be an effective suppressor of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Several previous studies with hydroxychloroquine in hand OA also showed a possible effect on pain and inflammation, but these studies were mostly retrospective with a small number of patients. This is the first prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled study to determine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in hand osteoarthritis.
It is unclear whether the amount of protein in the diet during caloric restriction influences bone density. This information is important for determining optimal nutrient requirements during weight loss. This study will examine usual and higher dietary protein intake during severe weight loss following weight loss surgery on bone turnover, mass and quality in women, with the hypothesis that higher protein intake will reduce bone turnover and loss, and/or prevent the changes in bone quality associated with severe weight loss in women ages 18 to 70 years.

Participants will be randomly assigned to one of 2 groups: A) weight loss with recommended level of protein intake, or B) weight loss with higher protein intake. A dietitian will provide instructions for a reduced calorie, well balanced diet throughout the 12-month study using a nutrition-education behavior- modification program. Participants will have the opportunity to speak with the dietitian about their diet by phone, or on-site twice per month. In addition they will be asked to take a daily vitamin/mineral supplement and, depending on their usual food intake, they may be asked to take a calcium tablet to meet the recommended intake throughout the study period. Bone, mineral, protein and lipid markers, and hormones that influence bones will be measured. These measurements will provide information about body composition (fat, muscle mass, and bone mineral density).
Central Tumors in the Lung The tumor is considered central when the tumor is located within 0.5 -2.5 cm in all directions of the PBT or the esophagus. The PBT includes trachea, main bronchi and intermediate bronchus and 5 lobar bronchi. In addition, the tumor is also considered central, if it is located \<0.5 cm from the spinal cord, heart and aorta.
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Most studies attempting to estimate the age-related prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) have used questionnaires. In the present study we analysed a consecutive series of urodynamic test results to determine the distribution of the different types of UI in pre- and post-menopausal women. We hypothesised that the prevalence of urodynamic stress incontinence (USI) would be significantly greater in pre-menopausal than in post-menopausal women.
METHODS: All women from a large tertiary urogynaecology department, who underwent urodynamic tests during the years 2000-2015 were included. Patient history and test results were collected. A sample size of 1,475 was calculated, based on the hypothesis that the prevalence of USI will be 20% larger in the pre- versus the post-menopausal group.
RESULTS: A total of 2,994 women with UI on urodynamics were available. There was a significant difference between pre- and post-menopausal status for each of the three diagnoses: USI 483 (59.3%) versus 912 (41.8%), detrusor overactivity (DO) 125 (15.4%) versus 399 (18.3%) and USI with concomitant DO 206 (25.3%) versus 869 (39.9%). A bimodal pattern of age was seen in women with USI, with a peak in the 46-50 and 61-65 age group, before decreasing with age. DO generally increased with age. USI with concomitant DO increased steadily after the menopause, becoming the predominant type after the age of 66.
CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort of women attending urodynamics, we have shown that USI is the predominant type of incontinence in pre-menopausal women; however, USI with concomitant DO increases after menopause, eventually predominating.
The administration of between 1900-2600 mg of amoxycillin combined with an amount of potassium clavulanate such that the weight ratio of amoxycillin to potassium clavulanate is from 2:1 to 20:1 in a twice daily (BID) dosage regime provides an effective treatment for human bacterial infections such as those caused by <I>S. pneumoniae,</I> including Drug Resistant <I>S. pneumoniae</I> and Penicillin Resistant <I>S. pneumoniae;</I> H. i<I>nfluenzae</I> and M <I>catarrhalis.</I> The preferred weight ratio of amoxycillin to potassium clavulahate is from 14:1 to 20:1 and preferred dosages are 2000/125, 2250/125 or 2500/125 mg of amoxycillin and potassium clavulanate respectively. The administration of such dosages provides a mean plasma concentration of amoxycillin of 4 g/mL for at least 4.4 hrs and a mean maximum plasma concentration (C<SB>max</SB>) of amoxycillin of 12 g/mL. The dose may be administered as an immediate release formulation or as a modified release formulation in the form of a one or more sachets or one or more tablets (monolith, dispersible, effervescent or chewable type) or one or more capsules. The amoxycillin may be in the form of amoxycillin trihydrate or crystallised sodium amoxycillin. A number of other dosage regimes of amoxycillin and potassium clavulanate are also disclosed, <I>i.e,</I> (a) 1400-1900 mg amoxycillin and an amount of potassium clavulanate such that the weight ratio of amoxycillin to potassium clavulanate is from 2:1 to 14:1 which is administered twice daily; and (b) 950-1300 mg and an amount of potassium clavulanate such that the weight ratio of amoxycillin to potassium clavulanate is from 14:1 to 20:1. These dosage forms may also be formulated as an immediate release formulations in tablet form or as sachet of powder requiring subsequent addition of a liquid carrier prior to administration to the patient. The Any of the dosages disclosed may be formulated as a modified release formulation, such as a layered tablet, preferably a bilayered tablet (see Fig 1A), where all the potassium clavulanate and a first portion of the amoxycillin is present in the first or immediate release layer (1) and the second portion of the amoxycillin is present in the second or slow release layer (2). The bilayered tablet may also contain coating layers (4, 4a) or a barrier layer (3) to allow further modification of the release characteristics of the tablet (see Figs 1B-1E). A number of excipients with release retarding properties may be added to the slow release layer, for example; xanthan gum; cellulose derivatives; polymer materials such as polyvinylalcohol or polyethylene glycols; and/or organic acids, such as citric acid. Alternatively, the dosages may be available as in a kit form comprising an immediate release formulation comprising amoxycillin and potassium clavulanate and a slow release formulation comprising amoxycillin only.
Systems, apparatus, and methods for providing treatment recommendations for a disease state to a user interface are described. An initial response data regarding the disease state is received from the user interface. The initial response data is processed through an interface model to determine a series of next questions. The series of next questions is provided to the user interface. Subsequent response data for the series of next questions is received from the user interface. The initial response data and the subsequent response data are processed through a shared decision making engine to determine the treatment recommendations for the disease state from a plurality of treatment options for the disease state based on a weighted matrix, the weighted matrix including combinations of answers weighted according to relevance factors for treatment options for the disease state. The treatment recommendations for the disease state is provided to the user interface.
Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) is a neuronal protein important in maintaining axonal integrity and motor function and may be important in the pathogenesis of many neurological disorders. UCHL1 may ameliorate acute injury and improve recovery after cerebral ischemia. In the current study, the hypothesis that UCHL1's hydrolase activity underlies its effect in maintaining axonal integrity and function is tested after ischemic injury. Hydrolase activity was inhibited by treatment with a UCHL1 hydrolase inhibitor or by employing knockin mice bearing a mutation in the hydrolase active site (C90A). Ischemic injury was induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in brain slice preparations and by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) surgery in mice. Hydrolase activity inhibition increased restoration time and decreased the amplitude of evoked axonal responses in the corpus callosum after OGD. Mutation of the hydrolase active site exacerbated white matter injury as detected by SMI32 immunohistochemistry, and motor deficits as detected by beam balance and cylinder testing after tMCAO. These results demonstrate that UCHL1 hydrolase activity ameliorates white matter injury and functional deficits after acute ischemic injury and support the hypothesis that UCHL1 activity plays a significant role in preserving white matter integrity and recovery of function after cerebral ischemia.