anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Radical cystectomy (RC) has long been the standard of care for the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Modern RC series have demonstrated 5-yr overall survival (OS) rates of 56-66%. There has been an increasing trend of utilizing organ-preserving therapies in the management of bladder cancer over the past several decades. A multidisciplinary approach has led to the development of bladder-sparing approaches using maximal transurethral resection (TURBT) followed by radiotherapy with concomitant radio-sensitizing chemotherapy for MIBC. Multiple tri-modality treatment (TMT) series have suggested that TMT can yield favorable results in well-selected patients. The 5-yr OS is 48-75%, and 75-80% of the survivors have preserved their native bladder. Even if local recurrence occurred after concurrent radio-chemotherapy, salvage cystectomy can also bring 50-57.6% of 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) without more complications associated with surgery. So, NCCN guidelines have regarded this TMT strategy as a preferred choice for patients with MIBC since 2019.

However, distant metastasis after TMT was still the main concern. Giacalone NJ, et al. reported that the 5-yr distant metastasis rate was 32% in MIBC patients who received an organ-preserving strategy. Up to now, there was no consensus on adjuvant therapy after concurrent radio-chemotherapy. Some retrospective studies demonstrated that adjuvant chemotherapy had no survival benefit, and only approximately 50% of patients completed the planned adjuvant chemotherapy due to intolerable toxicities.

These years, studies on PD-(L)1 inhibitors for urothelial carcinoma showed the efficacy and safety. FDA has approved indications of pembrolizumab used as 1L (selected patients) and 2L treatment for metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Checkmate-274 has reported that adjuvant immunotherapy improved disease-free survival (DFS) in MIBC patients after RC. Javelin Bladder 100 prolonged OS of mUC patients by Avelumab as maintenance therapy who achieved CR, PR or PD after 1L chemotherapy. These results support our hypothesis that, for those MIBC patients who have received bladder-preserving TMT and achieved CR, pembrolizumab monotherapy as maintenance therapy is superior to observation.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Nutritional support after hospital discharge was found to enhance the nutritional condition of patients after cancer surgery. However, the effect of such support on long-term clinical outcomes is controversial. We thus investigated the effect of nutritional support after hospital discharge on long-term clinical outcomes in patients after gastric cancer surgery.
METHODS: This was a secondary analysis on individuals at nutritional risk who underwent gastric cancer surgery and were included in a randomized controlled trial. The intervention group received oral nutritional supplements combined with dietary advice, and the control group received dietary advice alone. The long-term mortality (primary outcome) and other clinical outcomes were compared between the groups.
RESULTS: In total, 321 patients were included in this analysis, with a median follow-up duration of 60.5 months. According to the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002), the presence of nutritional risk was found to be a significant predictor of death. This association remained independent even after adjusting for age, sex, comorbidity, and American Joint Committee on Cancer stage. The adjusted hazard ratio for mortality increased by 1.30 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.60, P = 0.016) for each additional point rise in NRS. During the follow-up, a total of 64 individuals (39.5%) in the intervention group and 81 patients (50.9%) in the control group died. Consequently, the adjusted hazard ratio for mortality between the two groups was 0.69 (95% CI 0.50-0.96, P = 0.026). The results of interaction tests did not yield statistically significant variations in fatality rates across the age, sex, comorbidity, NRS, and American Joint Committee on Cancer stage subgroups. Nutritional support after hospital discharge significantly improved handgrip strength (adjusted coefficient 5.05, 95% CI 3.01-7.08, P = 0.000) in addition to other functional outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Nutritional support after hospital discharge reduced long-term mortality and improved handgrip strength among patients at nutritional risk after gastric cancer surgery. The current investigation provides evidence for the recommendation of nutritional support, for post-surgery patients after hospital discharge, in cancer management guidelines.
Tumor microenvironment is formed by various cellular and non-cellular components which interact with one another and form a complex network of interactions. Some of these cellular components also attain a secretory phenotype and release growth factors, cytokines, chemokines etc. in the surroundings which are capable of inducing even greater number of signalling networks. All these interactions play a decisive role in determining the course of tumorigenesis. The treatment strategies against cancer also exert their impact on the local microenvironment. Such interactions and anticancer therapies have been found to induce more deleterious outcomes like immunosuppression and chemoresistance in the process of tumor progression. Hence, understanding the tumor microenvironment is crucial for dealing with cancer and chemoresistance. This review is an attempt to develop some understanding about the tumor microenvironment and different factors which modulate it, thereby contributing to tumorigenesis. Along with summarising the major components of tumor microenvironment and various interactions taking place between them, it also throws some light on how the existing and potential therapies exert their impact on these dynamics.
This study is intended to carry out a large sample, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo, and controlled clinical study. Elderly non diabetes patients undergoing elective extrathoracic, breast, orthopedic, urinary, abdominal, and gynecological operations under general anesthesia are included. They are randomly divided into intranasal insulin group or saline group. Before anesthesia induction, they are given the first nasal spray, once per hour, 20 IU insulin or equal volume saline each time until the end of the operation. Follow up 1 day before operation, 1-7 days after operation, 30 days and 12 months respectively, and evaluate cognition with relevant scales. To verify that compared with the same volume of saline, intranasal insulin can reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium, the incidence of PND 1 year after surgery, and the related cognitive quantitative indicators of ApoE- ɛ4 Gene susceptibility, intraoperative EEG parameters, NfL, IL-6, IL-10, CRP and other biochemical indicators were used to explore the mechanism of intranasal insulin to improve PND.
Subjects will be fitted with the Ongoing Care Solutions, Inc (OCSI) Rehabilitator brace prior to surgery. This brace will be worn for 6 weeks before surgery. The brace will be worn again after surgery \~10 days after surgery or when staples are removed until the end of the study. Participants will also have two PT visits per week for 2 weeks, followed by additional PT visits at clinician's discretion.
Patients will undergo 10 sessions of 30 minutes high intensity fIR therapy at the IBD clinic of the TLVMC by a trained and qualified staff member. Each abdominal quadrant will receive a similar amount of time of exposure to the IR, except for the quadrant of the inflamed intestine (usually the right lower quadrant) which will be exposed longer to the IR. During the treatment, energy levels and skin temperature will be recorded at 10 minutes intervals. Patients responding to therapy (clinical response: ∆HBI≥3 and/or 50% reduction in calprotectin), who did not achieve remission can continue for 10 more treatments.
CONTEXT: Low grade oncocytic tumor (LOT) is a recently recognized renal oncocytic neoplasm with unique morphologic and immunohistochemical pattern (CK7 +, CD117 -) that differentiates them from oncocytoma and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChrRCC).
OBJECTIVE: To further evaluate the histomorphological characteristics as well as the clinical outcome of low grade oncocytic tumors, retrospectively.
DESIGN: Thirteen cases of LOT were identified from 463 cases of renal oncocytic neoplasm in our pathology archive. All tumors were immunostained with CK7, CD117 and other relevant markers. The pathohistological features and follow up data of these cases were recorded.
RESULTS: Median age of patients was 76 years old (range from 36 to 86), with male to female ratio of 2:11. None of the patients had a syndromic association/hereditary condition. Eleven tumors were unifocal in each affected kidney, and two were multifocal with 2 and 3 separated tumors, respectively. On microscopic examination, tumors show variety of growth patterns, namely solid, compact nested, focal tubular/tubuloreticular and trabecular patterns. The stroma can be hypocellular and edematous where the tumor cells are loosely arranged exhibiting cords and scattered single cell arrangement. Immunohistochemically, all thirteen cases displayed strong and diffuse CK7 positivity in tumor cells. Eleven cases were CD117 negative and the other two showed focal and weak CD117 positivity (< 5% of tumor cells). Uniform tumor cell positivity was found for AE1/3, EMA, PAX8, and e-cadherin. Negative staining results include CAIX, AMACR, CD10 and vimentin. All cases in our cohort demonstrate indolent behavior and show no evidence of disease recurrence, progression, or metastases during the follow-up period up to 96 months.
CONCLUSION: LOT is an emerging new entity of renal oncocytic neoplasm and demonstrates indolent clinical behavior. Its unique morphologic features and immunohistochemical patterns (CK7 +, CD117 -) set them apart from oncocytoma and ChrRCC.
Patients with Sepsis who require ICU care, experience frequent weakness, physical dysfunction, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, poor memory, and mental morbidity that persists after hospital discharge. This syndromic pattern has been labeled as Post Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS) or Post Sepsis Syndrome (PSS). These patients are at increased risk of rehospitalization (up to 40% at 6 months). Studies have pointed out that sepsis survivors recover within several different recovery patterns or trajectories. Unfortunately there are no objective biomarkers early in these patients' hospitalizations, to predict which physical function trajectory a sepsis survivor will experience. However, a very common, unifying symptom of sepsis survivors is weakness. The literature maintains that an intervention of exercise rehabilitation remains a safe and potential therapy for sepsis survivors. It is important to note that as of yet, there has been no benefit demonstrated when highly heterogeneously functioning survivors are included in studies of a uniform rehabilitation intervention. However, for the future designs of ICU and post-hospital ICU Survivor exercise-rehab trials, the field is in need of information on how to label sepsis patients by their predicted outpatient recovery trajectory group, and to be able to do so very proximally in their course, prior to hospital discharge. The intent of this study is to closely track and characterize physical function recovery trajectory groups as a means of informing strategies for effective future study design.
Subjects will use the MR-010 three times a week for 30 minutes per session for 90 days. Subjects will undergo a 10-meter walk test bi-weekly and at 45 and 90 days.
This is a post-market, single-arm, prospective clinical study to evaluate fusion status and patient reported outcomes using the Spira-C titanium interbody cage for degenerative disc disease where single-level ACDF surgery is indicated. The treatment group will consist of 40 subjects treated with the Spira™-C interbody device at one level. Patients with a diagnosis of cervical degenerative disc disease and/or spinal stenosis, radiculopathy or myelopathy and planning to undergo a 1-level ACDF surgery between C3-C7 will be screened and consented, if eligibility requirements are met. Once the subject has been enrolled and the surgery has taken place; data will be collected regarding the surgical details will be collected. Subjects will be followed up postoperatively at 6-weeks, 3-months, 6-months, and 12-months as per standard of care, at the private practice or clinic. Subjects will be asked to complete questionnaires regarding pain, function, and quality of life before and after surgery during the postoperative follow-up visits. Radiographic assessments will be performed at all postoperative visits; fusion status will be measured using cervical x-rays and CT scan at 12 months. Radiographs will also be utilized to assess for device-related complications, including implant failure. Any clinically significant complications related to the device will be recorded as an adverse event. This study design reflects the current standard of care for cervical degenerative disc disease and spinal stenosis with symptoms of radiculopathy or myelopathy. Data collected from subjects treated with the Spira™-C Interbody Device will be compared to historical data based on literature review of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cage fusion rates and patient reported outcomes. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion using an interbody device with plate and screw fixation is the treatment of choice after conservative therapies (non-surgical, i.e., physical therapy, epidural steroid injections, pain medications) have been exhausted.
Biopsy specimen were excised at defined postoperative stages from patients who underwent hernia repair with the 3D prosthesis named ProFlor. Scope of the study was to determine the presence, quantity and quality of the vascular elements ingrowth within the implant fabric. Histology revealed the presence of multiple angiogenetic clusters that, starting from the early stage post-implantation, increased in number and degree of maturation. In the long term, the detected vascular components assumed the typical aspect of mature veins and arteries complete in all components. The development of fully developed vascular structures, ingrowing together with other components of the abdominal wall already described in literature, seems to finalize a regenerative response. This kind of behavior, being the expected result from a device intended for the cure of inguinal hernia and its degenerative source, seems to be coherent with the pathogenesis of the disease.
Subjects aged 61 years or older at the time of first vaccination received 2 doses of GSK1562902A non-adjuvanted vaccine at Days 0 and 21. The vaccine was administered in the deltoid region of each arm.
PURPOSE: A medicinal composition containing a compound of suppressing DYRK1A, DYRK1B or DYRK2 is provided to suppress phosphorylation of the DYRK1A, DYRK1B or DYRK2 and treat or preventing diseases which is accompanied by sthenia of DYRK1A, DYRK1B or DYRK2 activity. CONSTITUTION: A medicinal composition contains a compound of suppressing phosphorylation activation of DYRK1A, DYRK1B or DYRK2. The medicinal composition is effective in treating or preventing diseases. The diseases are mental and neurologic diseases and malignant tumor. The mental and neurologic diseases include Downs syvdrome and Alzheimer disease. The malignant tumor contains pancreatic duct cancer and rhabdomyosarcoma. The medicinal composition for preventing or treating the diseases contains a compound of chemical formula I.
The invention discloses a medicine for treating burn. The medicine is prepared from the following raw medicinal materials: aired rhubarb root powder, rhubarb root powder dried in the shade, borneol powder, slaked lime powder, alum powder, astragalus membranaceus powder, exocarpium benincasae powder, pumpkin flesh powder, ginger powder, white spirit and the like. The invention further discloses preparation and use methods of the medicine. The preparation method comprises the following steps: putting the raw materials in white spirit; and uniformly mixing to prepare the medicine. The simple use method comprises the following steps: after burn, smearing the medicine; and continuously smearing the medicine at an interval of 2-4 hours till recovery. The medicine disclosed by the invention for treating burn and scald is free of scars, short in cure time, free of side effects, low in cost and simple in preparation method.
The patients in the S-1 arm will receive IMRT (66-70.4Gy to GTV, 57-60.8Gy to CTV1, 54-56Gy to CTV2, given in 30-32 fractions). During the IMRT course, S-1 will be administered orally according to body surface area (BSA\<1.25m2, 30mg; BSA: 1.25-1.5m2, 40mg; BSA\>1.5m2, 50mg) twice per day for 30-32 days. The dose modifications of S-1 will not be permitted during concurrent chemotherapy unless progression of the disease, toxicities of grade 4 or patient's refusal.
INTRODUCTION: The therapeutic approach to pain in hemophilia should be multimodal. Intra-articular injections are a good option when joint lesions do not respond to hematological treatment or rehabilitation and orthopedic surgery is not yet indicated. Performing these procedures under ultrasound guidance has been shown to improve their accuracy and efficacy.
AREAS COVERED: This article provides a practical overview of the most frequently employed ultrasound-guided intra-articular procedures on the joints of people with hemophilia. The article describes the key elements for performing the technique on the elbow, knee and ankle as the most affected joints. The particularities of the most frequent indications, arthrocentesis, synoviorthesis and analgesic injections with various products are detailed.
EXPERT OPINION: Current hematological treatments have made it possible to incorporate new therapeutic tools for pain relief for people with hemophilia, including ultrasound-guided joint procedures, which offer excellent results.
7.1 CNS Depressants

The sedative effects of carisoprodol and other CNS depressants (e.g., alcohol, benzodiazepines, opioids, tricyclic antidepressants) may be additive. Therefore, caution should be exercised with patients who take more than one of these CNS depressants simultaneously. Concomitant use of carisoprodol and meprobamate, a metabolite of carisoprodol, is not recommended [ see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.1)].

7.2 CYP2C19 Inhibitors and Inducers

Carisoprodol is metabolized in the liver by CYP2C19 to form meprobamate [ see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY (12.3)]. Co-administration of CYP2C19 inhibitors, such as omeprazole or fluvoxamine, with carisoprodol could result in increased exposure of carisoprodol and decreased exposure of meprobamate. Co-administration of CYP2C19 inducers, such as rifampin or St. John’s Wort, with carisoprodol could result in decreased exposure of carisoprodol and increased exposure of meprobamate. Low dose aspirin also showed an induction effect on CYP2C19. The full pharmacological impact of these potential alterations of exposures in terms of either efficacy or safety of carisoprodol is unknown.
Platelets are similar in density to PBMC and thus are contaminants of PBMC when PBMC are isolated from whole blood by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation the established procedure for preparing PBMC. Platelets are very sticky and often interfere with experiments requiring lymphocytes and or monocytes (PBMC). Methods, compositions and kits are provided for the rapid removal of the undesired platelets from whole blood or PBMC yielding platelet free PBMC in high yield. The selection process, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, is based on magnetic metallic particles that are uniquely suited for removal of platelets from whole blood or PBMC. The preferred particle is composed of nickel metal in a preferred size range of 0.8-3.5 micron. Specific anti-platelet binding agents are bound to the nickel particles. The particles are mixed with the sample rapidly without non-specifically binding to non-targeted cells. The sample is then placed in a magnetic field and the platelets bound to the magnetic particles are very rapidly removed yielding platelet free whole blood or PBMC in very high yield for further biological experimentation.
Exposure to maternal depressive symptoms is one of the most well established risk factors for the development of later child psychopathology. Accumulating evidence from naturalistic observational studies documents that fetal exposure to maternal depressive symptoms is associated with risk for later child mental health problems. Maternal depression is one of the most common prenatal complications with approximately 40% of women experiencing elevated levels of depressive symptoms. The majority of past research has been correlational, so potential causal conclusions have been limited. This project will break new ground by testing the hypothesis that manipulating maternal depressive symptoms will benefit infant outcomes. In this project, maternal depressive symptoms will be reduced using brief interpersonal therapy (IPT), a well-established and efficacious treatment, and testing whether this reduction leads to an improvement in the development of infant mechanisms associated with risk for later psychopathology. The investigators propose to assess 300 pregnant women who report elevated levels of depressive symptoms and their infants. Prior to the intervention, maternal measures of depressive symptoms will be collected. Then half of the women will be randomized to receive IPT and the other half will receive enhanced usual care (TAU). After completion of the intervention, maternal measures will be collected longitudinally through 14 months postpartum. Infants will be evaluated at birth and two other times. Infants will be assessed across four units of analysis (brain structure and function, physiology, behavior, and maternal-report).