anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Central sensitization is an important pathophysiological mechanism underlying chronic migraine (CM). Previous studies have shown that microglial activation and subsequent inflammation in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) contribute to central sensitization. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is a receptor expressed on the membrane of microglia and participates in central sensitization in inflammatory and chronic pain; however, its role in CM is unclear. Therefore, this study investigated TLR2 involvement in CM in detail. Mice treated with recurrent nitroglycerin (NTG) were used as a CM model. Hyperalgesia was assessed using a 50% paw mechanical threshold and a 50% periorbital threshold on a Von Frey filament pain meter. Western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses were used to detect the expression of TLR2, microglia, c-fos and CGRP in TNC. The expression of inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β、 IL-10、TNF-α and IFN-β1) was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A selective TLR2 antagonist (C29) was systematically administered to observe its effect on hyperalgesia, microglia activation and the expression of c-fos, CGRP and inflammatory factors. Recurrent administration of NTG resulted in acute and chronic hypersensitivity, accompanied by upregulation of TLR2 expression and microglial activation in TNC. C29 partially inhibited pain hypersensitivity. C29 suppressed microglial activation induced by NTG administration. Inhibition of TLR2 reduced the expression of c-fos and CGRP in TNC after NTG treatment. C29 inhibited the expression of inflammatory mediators in TNC. These data showed that microglial TLR2 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of CM by regulating microglial activation in TNC.
Participants were requested to walk in the morning at the speed of 2.5 miles/h for 30 min/day or more on at least 5 days/week for a period of 12 weeks. We demanded everyone to record the situation of walking including duration, distance and time daily in a log book. Each participant was telephoned at least once a week to ensure the adherence to the exercise program. Patients were called back every month to hand in the log book and to understand the information about medication use. Furthermore, at the beginning and end of the 12-week program, both the walking groups were supervised by researchers to walk for continuous three days and the duration and distance of walking were recorded.
PURPOSE: To assess Gram-positive bacterial (GPB) bloodstream infection (BSI) in neonates, covering incidence, morbidity, mortality, antimicrobial resistance patterns and biomarkers in Region Stockholm, Sweden between 2006 and 2016.
METHODS: A population-based retrospective epidemiological study including infants with GPB-BSI, admitted to the neonatal units at Karolinska University Hospital (KUH). Data were collected from patient records, the Swedish Neonatal Quality Register, the microbiological laboratory at KUH and the Swedish Public Health Agency.
RESULTS: We identified 357 infants with GPB-BSI, representing an incidence of 1.47/1000 live births (LB). Group B streptococcus (GBS) was the most common pathogen causing BSI in full-term infants and early-onset sepsis (EOS) (0.20/1000 LB), while coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) were predominant in infants born very preterm and in late-onset sepsis (LOS) (0.79/1000 LB). There were no fatal GBS BSI cases, but 10.2% developed meningitis. The GPB case fatality rate was 9.5% and the sepsis fatality rate 2.8%. In GPB-BSI, 1/10 did not have an elevated C-reactive protein level. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) BSI increased during the study period, but no methicillin or vancomycin resistant strains were found. The antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rate was highest in CoNS isolates.
CONCLUSION: GPB-BSI was four times more common than Gram-negative BSI in neonates but resulted in lower mortality rate. GBS was the most common pathogen in full-term infants and in EOS. CoNS was the most common pathogen in LOS and infants born very preterm, and the AMR rate was high in these isolates. The increasing trend of S. aureus BSI indicates a need of further investigation.
Interested individuals will be invited to the lab for a screening and familiarization visit, in which the brachial artery (BA) will be scanned to vet for image quality and a BA flow-mediated dilation test will be performed to ensure participant tolerance during collection visits. All qualified participants will be instructed to refrain from vigorous physical activity \> 24 hours, alcohol and caffeine \> 6 hours, and food \> 4 hours prior to each of the two collection visits. Upon arrival, basic anthropometric measures will be collected and hematocrit will be measured in duplicate with a finger prick blood sample equivalent to two 70 µl capillary tubes. Each of the two data collection visits will begin 10 minutes of supine rest, while the participant is instrumented with skin temperature probes on the forearms and hands for measurement of skin temperature, single-lead ECG (Powerlab model ML795, ADInstruments, Colorado Springs, CO, USA) and non-invasive finger cuff (Finometer MIDI, Finapres, The Netherlands) for continuous heart rate and blood pressure monitoring. On the first data collection visit, following rest, the participant will then undergo three 10-minute interventions applied to the left forearm in the following sequence: (1) ECG-gated suprasystolic (300 mmHg) cuff compressions with inflation occurring every other heart cycle, (2) 42 °C heating with a heating blanket, and (3) ECG-gated rhythmic handgrip exercise at 30% MVC with contraction occurring every other heart cycle. 10-minute rest periods will separate each of the interventions to allow for return to baseline conditions. On the second data collection visit, following rest, the participant will undergo three variations of the 10-minute cuff compression intervention, the order of which will be randomized. The three variations differ in the trigger delay from the R spike of the ECG to cause inflation of the cuff for compressions. The original intervention involves the data acquisition unit triggering inflation of the cuff at systole (R spike) (0s delay). This condition will be compared to two other trigger delays, specifically triggering inflation of the cuff at 0.2s and 0.4s after the R spike. For both data collection visits, BA blood velocities, blood flow turbulence, endothelial shear stress, and oscillatory shear index will be assessed before and during each of the interventions; and relative flow-mediated dilation will be assessed before and immediately after each of the interventions. Participants will provide written informed consent prior to beginning any portion of the study.
Urinary tract cells respond to bladder distension by releasing adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) exhibit elevated urinary ATP levels compared to asymptomatic controls. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of urinary ATP as a non-invasive biomarker for IC/BPS and its correlation with symptom severity. We included 56 patients diagnosed with IC/BPS and 50 asymptomatic controls. Urine samples were collected from both groups. Urinary ATP levels were quantified using the luciferin-luciferase bioluminescence method. The severity of IC/BPS symptoms was assessed using the visual analogue score (VAS), Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index (ICSI), and Interstitial Cystitis Problem Index (ICPI) from the O'Leary-Sant score. We specifically examined the correlation between symptom scores and urinary ATP levels in IC/BPS patients. Urinary ATP levels were significantly higher in IC/BPS patients compared to the control group (P < 0.0001). There was a significant positive correlation between urinary ATP concentrations and VAS, ICPI, and ICSI scores among IC/BPS patients (P < 0.0001). The threshold value for ATP concentration was set at 56.6 nM, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.811 (95% CI 0.730 - 0.892). Our findings indicate that IC/BPS patients excrete elevated amounts of ATP in their urine. This suggests that urinary ATP might serve as a non-invasive biomarker for IC/BPS, with a predictive potential in terms of symptom severity.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: As obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain a public health issue, we aim to elaborate on their complex relationship regarding pathogenetic mechanisms and therapeutic potential as well. The purpose of this review is to enhance our understanding of the interplay between obesity and CKD in order to timely diagnose and treat obesity-related CKD.
RECENT FINDINGS: Obesity and CKD pose significant intertwined challenges to global health, affecting a substantial portion of the population worldwide. Obesity is recognized as an independent risk factor, intricately contributing to CKD pathogenesis through mechanisms such as lipotoxicity, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance. Recent evidence highlights additional factors including hemodynamic changes and intestinal dysbiosis that exacerbate kidney dysfunction in obese individuals, leading to histologic alterations known as obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG). This narrative review synthesizes current knowledge on the prevalence, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic strategies of obesity-related kidney disease. Furthermore, it explores mechanistic insights to delineate current therapeutic approaches, future directions for managing this condition and controversies. By elucidating the multifaceted interactions between obesity and kidney health, this review aims to inform clinical practice and stimulate further research to address this global health epidemic effectively.
There is an unmet need for effective and feasible interventions for spatial neglect after right hemisphere stroke. Neglect is a frequent problem after stroke and makes it difficult for individuals to pay attention and notice information coming from the left side of their world. Thus, they often miss food on the left side of their plate, fail to wash or groom the left side of their face or body, or run into objects on the left side of the hall when walking or using their wheelchair. Neglect is associated with slower recovery, reduced independence, longer stays in rehabilitation and need for more resources when discharged. The investigators have developed a novel and simple computerized prism adaptation (PA) procedure for treating neglect, but the investigators don't know yet whether it is feasible and effective in a typical health care setting. Thus, the purpose of this project is to conduct a randomized, controlled clinical trial, comparing the PA method to a control intervention for the treatment of neglect. The investigators will measure feasibility of use in a clinical setting and effectiveness in terms of impairment (i.e., does PA improve neglect symptoms?), activities (i.e., does having PA improve independence in daily activities) and health care outcomes (i.e., does giving PA shorten length of stay and decrease the need for resources on discharge?). By treating neglect with PA, the overall aim is to improve the health care outcomes for those with neglect and to reduce need for extended hospital care.

A controlled, randomized design will be used in the present study. Patients will be randomly assigned (with stratification related to neglect severity) to PA (experimental) or sham (control) conditions and complete 10, 30-minute intervention sessions over approximately two weeks. These intervention sessions will involve a novel and simple computerized prism adaptation, Peg-The-Mole (PTM). Outcome measures will be collected before and after each treatment, as well as at baseline, and a three month follow-up over the phone.
This is a single-center, non-randomized, prospective interventional pilot study. Feasibility of intraoperatively visualizing tumour (margins) in penile and tongue tumours using EMI-137 will be investigated. Patients, ≥ 18 years of age, with ≥T1 penile or tongue cancer undergoing primary tumour surgery will be included. All patients will receive an intravenous bolus injection of EMI-137 prior to surgery. Main study parameters/endpoints are: Intraoperative visualization of primary penile or tongue tumours using a dedicated clinical fluorescence camera. The in vivo detected fluorescence signal will be correlated to ex vivo measurements and pathological assessment of the ex-cised tissue.
1381178 1 -(Cinnamylideneamino)-3-(benzylideneamino)-guanidines MERCK & CO Inc 13 Nov 1972 [19 Nov 1971] 52373/72 Heading C2C [Also in Division A5] Novel compounds (I) and their acid addition salts in which R 1  and R 11  are hydrogen, halogen, nitro, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylthio, acetyl carbamoyl, cyano, methylsulphonyl, methylsulphonyl carbomethoxy or dimethylaminosulphonyl, R 2  and R 12  are hydrogen, halogen or nitro, R 3  and R 13  are hydrogen or halogen with the proviso that at least one of the ring substituents is other than hydrogen, R 4  and R 5  are hydrogen, halogen or C 1-5  alkyl, R 6  to R 9  are hydrogen or C 1-5  alkyl and R 10  is hydrogen, C 1-5  alkyl or C 1-5  alkanoyl are prepared by reacting an appropriately substituted 3-amino-1-cinnamylidene amino guanidine with an appropriately substituted benzaldehyde or alkylphenyl ketone or by the corresponding reaction of a 1-amino-3-benzylideneamino-guanidine with a cinnamaldehyde or alkylstyryl ketone. Compounds (I) in which R 7  and/or R 8  are C 1-5  alkyl and R 10  is hydrogen are prepared by reaction of a cyanamide (4) with the appropriate benzaldehyde hydrazone or alkylhydrazone (7) Compounds (I) in which R 10  is C 1-5  alkyl are prepared by reaction of a compound (11) with an alkyl-amine R 10 :NH 2  at an elevated temperature and under a slight superatmospheric pressure. Compounds (1) in which R 10  is C 1-5  alkanoyl are prepared by reacting the corresponding compound (1) in which R 10  is hydrogen with a C 1-5  alkanoic acid anhydride. Compound (4) is prepared by reacting a cinnamaldehyde or alkyl-styryl ketone with a hydrazine or alkylhydrazine to produce a hydrazone or alkylhydrazone (3) which is reacted with a slight excess of Br-CN in the presence of a weak base. Compound (7) is prepared by reaction of benzaldehyde or methylalkylketone with a hydrazine or alkylhydrazine. Compound (11) is prepared by treatment of a cinnamaldehyde or alkylstyryl ketone with thiocarbohydrazide at an elevated temperature in an alkanol to form a thiocarbohydrazone (9) which is reacted with a benzaldehyde or alkyl phenyl ketone to produce compound (10) which is reacted with methyl iodide in the presence of an alkali metal methoxide. Compounds (I) are coccidiostats and form with a suitable carrier an anti-coccidial composition which may be in the form of an animal feed drinking-water, a water-soluble powder or an animal feed supplement. The composition may contain a second coccidiostat selected from amprolium, nicarbazin, ethopobate or 3,5-dinitro-o-toluamide, vitamins, antibiotics, growth promotants or anti-viral agents.
Participants will receive Debio 0123, escalating doses along with temozolomide (TMZ) in each 28-day cycle for up to 2 years. Participants will receive one of the 2 selected doses for further investigation.
Upper limb lymphedema is the main complication of axillary dissection. It is estimated that as many as 50% of patients undergoing lymph node dissection go on to develop lymphedema, with significantly decreased quality of life with frequent infections, decreased range of motion, and a cosmetic deformity. The treatment of lymphedema was be frustrated by technical difficulties and gave rise to a heavy budget burden. Some retrospective studies revealed that immediate and delayed breast reconstruction with lattismus dorsi flap brought unexpected relief to the upper limb lymphedema. The current study was composed to assess whether transferring a pedicled partial latissimus dorsi muscle flap to the axilla would prevent the occurrence of post-mastectomy lymphedema.

This prospectively designed cohort study have two parallel arms. Patients undergoing axillary dissection would be recruited to one of the two groups, according their own preference.
BACKGROUND: The Arab Teens Lifestyle (ATLS) questionnaire was an initiative to assess the lifestyle habits influencing obesity rates in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, including physical activity (PA) patterns, sedentary and eating behaviours. Since its implementation, the ATLS questionnaire has been used in several studies among different age groups and populations. This instrument has not previously been administered among the university students of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, where the obesity rates are the highest in the country. This research was the first that aimed to identify lifestyle habits influencing the rates of obesity among 18-25-year-old university students in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) using the ATLS questionnaire.
METHODS: Quantitative cross-sectional research among n = 426 students of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia using the ATLS questionnaire.
RESULTS: Out of n = 426 participants, n = 200 (47%) were categorised (using body mass index) as normal weight; n = 113 (26.5%) were overweight, and n = 73 (17.1%) were obese. The findings showed that most of the nutritional, PA, and sedentary behavioural factors (e.g., screen time) in the questionnaire were not associated with obesity status amongst the participants. In the obese group, more of the males that consumed fruits, French fries, cakes, sweets and doughnuts more than three times per week were likely to be obese, which was not the case for females.
CONCLUSION: The reported lifestyles of the students could potentially lead to long-term negative health effects, which is of concern given the rising rates of overweight, obesity, and obesity-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the Kingdom's adult and ageing population. Further studies are recommended to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of Saudi students in the Eastern Province in relation to PA, sedentary behaviours, and dietary habits, along with their views on how these can be improved.
A woman with a history of chronic idiopathic constipation and remote eating disorders presented to our hospital with generalised weakness and confusion due to severe hypokalaemic rhabdomyolysis. Her initial ECG showed down-sloping ST segment elevations consistent with the 'shark fin' sign, and initial echocardiography was consistent with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM). She later developed hypotension, hypoxaemia and low central venous oxygen saturation consistent with cardiogenic shock. A repeat ECG demonstrated the 'spiked helmet' sign, and repeat echocardiography showed new global hypokinesis. She was successfully supported with dobutamine on recognition of her worsening cardiomyopathy. This case highlights how the combination of recognised triggers of TCM such as hypokalaemia and rhabdomyolysis may predispose patients to a more morbid cardiac course and how the severity of such triggers may also influence cardiac morbidity. We additionally highlight the prognostic significance of two ECG patterns associated with TCM.
BACKGROUND: Implantable loop recorders (ILRs) are increasingly placed for arrhythmia detection. However, historically, ≈75% of ILR alerts are false positives, requiring significant time and effort for adjudication. The LINQII and LUX-Dx are remotely reprogrammable ILRs with dual-stage algorithms using artificial intelligence to reduce false positives, but their utility in routine clinical practice has not been studied.
METHODS AND RESULTS: We identified patients with the LINQII and LUX-Dx who were monitored by the Veterans Affairs National Cardiac Device Surveillance Program between March and June 2022. ILR programming was customized on the basis of implant indication. All alerts and every 90-day scheduled transmissions were manually reviewed. ILRs were remotely reprogrammed, as appropriate, after false-positive alerts or 2 consecutive same-type alerts, unless there was ongoing clinical need for that alert. Outcomes were total number of transmissions and false positives. We performed medical record review to determine if patients experienced any adverse clinical events, including hospitalization and mortality. Among 117 LINQII patients, there were 239 total alerts, 43 (18.0%) of which were false positives. Among 105 LUX-Dx patients, there were 300 total alerts, 115 (38.3%) of which were false positives. LINQIIs were reprogrammed 22 times, resulting in a decrease in median alerts/day from 0.13 to 0.03. LUX-Dx ILRs were reprogrammed 52 times, resulting in a decrease from 0.15 to 0.01 median alerts/day. There were no adverse clinical events that could have been identified by superior or earlier arrhythmia detection.
CONCLUSIONS: ILRs with artificial intelligence algorithms and remote reprogramming ability are associated with reduced alert burden because of higher true-positive rates than prior ILRs, without missing potentially consequential arrhythmias.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a peroxynitrite-eliminating agent exerting excellent peroxynitrite-eliminating function, food and drink containing the agent, and healthy tea leaves and healthy drink exerting excellent peroxynitrite-eliminating function and containing no caffeine.  <P>SOLUTION: The peroxynitrite-eliminating agent contains okra or okra seeds as active ingredients. The food and drink contain the peroxynitrite-eliminating agent. The healthy tea leaves contain roasted okra or okra seeds as main raw material. The healthy tea leaves comprise a combination of the roasted okra or okra seeds and at least one kind of aloe, turmeric, barley, persimmon leaves, striped bamboo, black beans, mulberry leaves, brown rice, adlay, Cassia tora, barley tea, bracket fungus of the genus Fomes, dietary fiber and orange peel. The healthy drink is produced by diluting or leaching out the healthy tea leaves.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for preparing biologically active substances. Method involves using celom and peritoneal cavities of living organisms for preparing biologically active substances that represents a base for creating preparations with different properties. Method involves using physiological solution and oleates for their preparing. Method provides prophylaxis of hypoxia and hypothermia. EFFECT: improved preparing method, valuable medicinal properties of substances. 7 cl, 2 tbl
The Dosing and Outcomes Study of Erythropoietic Stimulating Therapies (DOSE) is a prospective, observational multicenter registry of approximately 1200 adult cancer patients receiving treatment with EST; eg, epoetin alfa or darbepoetin alfa. The planned duration of the DOSE Registry is three years. Based on initial results, the registry sponsor may elect to extend the duration of the registry.This study does not specify treatment protocols, require any particular assignment of patients to treatment protocols, or in any other way require participating physicians to alter their practice patterns. Participating physicians are instructed to continue to treat all patients according to their own best clinical judgment, but to submit information on baseline patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes. Baseline determinations will include patient demographics, tumor and treatment type, hematologic parameters, and patient reported outcomes. Data will be collected over the 16-week study period with regard to EST treatment, hematologic outcomes and patient reported outcomes.
Group B/ MDI with Spacer Group will receive 3 puffs (90 pg per puff) of salbutamol MDI with a spacer, followed by 3 mL of nebulized isotonic sodium chloride solution. All treatments will be given at 20-minute intervals.