anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
FIELD: pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention is carried out by mixing an active substance with ethylenevinyl acetate, then mixture is covered by impermeable coating made of ethylenevinyl acetate and one or more linear holes in cover that are parallel to lateral cylinder site were made mechanically. Ratio of hole width to length of cylinder peripheral circumference = from 1:10 to 1: 100. Cylinder is tablet or globule. EFFECT: improved method of medicinal form making. 7 dwg
BACKGROUND: The dopaminergic agonist cabergoline (CAB) has been used in the pharmacological treatment of Cushing's disease (CD). The effect is attributed to the frequent expression of the dopamine receptor subtype 2 in corticotroph tumors. However, in-vivo studies have demonstrated the normalization of 24-h urinary cortisol (24-h UC) in approximately 30-40% of patients over the long term, mainly after surgical failure. The aim was to evaluate the effect of CAB as monotherapy in the early preoperative period and on the recurrence of CD.
METHODS: A single-center retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary referral center. Twenty-one patients with confirmed CD were included. The median age was 32 years (13-70), 86% were female, 10 had microadenomas, and 11 had macroadenomas. They were diagnosed from 1986 to 2016 and used CAB as monotherapy either in the preoperative period (N.=7, CABi) or upon recurrence before any other treatment (N.=14, CABr). A "complete response" was considered 24-h UC normalization and a "partial response" was considered a 24-h UC reduction of >50%. UC was obtained at the last follow-up evaluation. The normalization of late-night salivary cortisol (LNSC) after CAB use was evaluated in most patients, as well as the tumor diameter by pituitary MRI, before and after CAB treatment.
RESULTS: Complete response was achieved in 29% (6/21) of subjects after 14.9±16.4 months of treatment, with an average dose of 2.2±1.0 mg/week. Partial response occurred in 9.5% (2/21). LNSC normalized in 35% (6/17) of patients, and no variation in tumor diameter before and after CAB use was observed (N.=13): 6.8±6.8 vs. 7.2±7.1 mm. There was no normalization of 24-h-UC in the CABi subgroup at the end of the treatment, whereas 43% (6/14) of patients in the CABr subgroup reached complete response. The CABi subgroup was treated for 4.7±1.9 months, and the CABr subgroup was treated for 20.1±18.1 months. Both groups were administered similar doses of CAB (CABi 2.1±0.9 and CABr 2.3±1.1 mg/week). Interestingly, the difference between the subgroups' complete response was evident early on in the three months of treatment: no patients in the CABi subgroup vs. 6/10 (60%) in the CABr subgroup (P=0.035), despite a lower dose in the CABr subgroup (1.1 vs. 1.6; P=0.008). The normalization of LNSC occurred in 20% of the CABi subgroup and in 42% of the CABr subgroup.
CONCLUSIONS: The normalization of 24-h UC and LNSC occurred in approximately 30% of all patients, mainly in those who used CAB for the recurrence of CD. Despite the small number of subjects in the CABi subgroup, the absence of hormone control in this subgroup discourages the use of this medication as primary therapy or as a preoperative treatment option.
Lobar or segmental lipiodol conventional transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Doxorubicin 50 mg dissolved in 10 mL dilute contrast and emulsified with 10-20 cc iodized oil, followed by 50-500 μm microspheres.
The presence of tumor nodules in organs often results in serious clinical manifestations and the permeation by cancer cells of sheaths surrounding organs often produces clinical manifestations of pleural effusion, ascites or cerebral edema. The present invention addresses this problem by providing a method for treating tumors comprising (a) intratumoral administration of a superantigen and/or (b) intrathecal or intracavitary administration of a superantigen directly into the sheath. Intratumoral superantigen results in significant and sustained reduction of the tumor size. Intrathecal administration produces significant sustained reduction of the fluid accumulation associated with clinical improvement and prolonged survival.; Useful superantigen compositions for intrathecal and intratumoral injection include tumoricidally effective homologues, fragments and fusion proteins of native superantigens. Also disclosed is combined therapy that includes intratumoral or intrathecal superantigen compositions in combination with (i) intratumoral low, non-toxic doses of one or more chemotherapeutic drugs or (ii) systemic chemotherapy at reduced and non-toxic doses of chemotherapeutic drugs.
INTRODUCTION: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the predictive value of circulating lymphocyte subsets and inflammatory indexes in response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) in patients with rectal mucinous adenocarcinomas (MACs).
METHODS: Rectal MAC patients who underwent NCRT and curative resection at Fujian Medical University Union Hospital's Department of Colorectal Surgery between 2016 and 2020 were included in the study. Patients were categorized into good and poor response groups based on their pathological response to NCRT. An independent risk factor-based nomogram model was constructed by utilizing multivariate logistic regression analysis. Additionally, the extreme gradient boosting (XGB) algorithm was applied to build a machine learning (ML)-based predictive model. Feature importance was quantified using the Shapley additive explanations method.
RESULTS: Out of the 283 participants involved in this research, 190 (67.1%) experienced an unfavorable outcome. To identify the independent risk factors, logistic regression analysis was performed, considering variables such as tumor length, pretreatment clinical T stage, PNI, and Th/Tc ratio. Subsequently, a nomogram model was constructed, achieving a C-index of 0.756. The ML model exhibited higher prediction accuracy than the nomogram model, achieving an AUROC of 0.824 in the training set and 0.762 in the tuning set. The top five important parameters of the ML model were identified as the Th/Tc ratio, neutrophil to lymphocyte, Th lymphocytes, Gross type, and T lymphocytes.
CONCLUSION: Radiochemotherapy sensitivity is markedly influenced by systemic inflammation and lymphocyte-mediated immune responses in rectal MAC patients. Our ML model integrating clinical characteristics, circulating lymphocyte subsets, and inflammatory indexes is a potential assessment tool that can provide a reference for individualized treatment for rectal MAC patients.
N-acetyl Cysteine: This arm provide patients with a natural supplement, n-acetyl cysteine (NAC) which is the N-acetyl derivative of the naturally occurring amino acid, L-cysteine, that supports antioxidants to reduce oxidative damage in the body. NAC is a common over-the-counter supplement.Laboratory studies have suggested that NAC might have a beneficial effect in neurodegenerative disorders such as TBI. Patients in this arm will receive IV NAC once a week plus oral NAC supplement 500 mg twice per day for approximately 3 months until the follow up evaluation.
Participant randomized to the Fitostimoline® hydrogel group underwent sharp surgical debridement at each visit (every 2 weeks) to remove necrotic tissue and slough. After debridement operation, was performed disinfection with povidone-iodine, and cleansing with sterile saline solution. Then was applaied Fitostimoline ® hydrogel, finally the wound was covered with gauze.
The patients were placed in lateral decubitus position with the operation site up. The probe was placed vertically 3 cm lateral to the T5 spinous process, and the transverse process was identified as an oval hyperechoic sonographic structure. The needle was introduced in an in-plane fashion until the tip lay deep in the erector spinae muscle. 0.5 mL of normal saline was injected to confirm the correct needle tip position by visualizing the spread under the erector spinae muscle. A total of 0.4 mL kg-1 of 0.25% bupivacaine was injected. between the erector spinae muscle and transverse process.
Periodontitis, which is related to various systemic diseases, is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by periodontal dysbiosis of the microbiota. Multiple factors can influence the interaction of periodontitis and associated inflammatory disorders, among which host immunity is an important contributor to this interaction. Innate immunity can be activated aberrantly because of the systemic inflammation induced by periodontitis. This aberrant activation not only exacerbates periodontal tissue damage but also impairs systemic health, triggering or aggravating inflammatory comorbidities. Therefore, innate immunity is a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis and associated inflammatory comorbidities. This review delineates analogous aberrations of innate immune cells in periodontitis and comorbid conditions such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity, and rheumatoid arthritis. The mechanisms behind these changes in innate immune cells are discussed, including trained immunity and clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), which can mediate the abnormal activation and myeloid-biased differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Besides, the expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which have immunosuppressive and osteolytic effects on peripheral tissues, also contributes to the interaction between periodontitis and its inflammatory comorbidities. The potential treatment targets for relieving the risk of both periodontitis and systemic conditions are also elucidated, such as the modulation of innate immunity cells and mediators, the regulation of trained immunity and CHIP, as well as the inhibition of MDSCs' expansion.
20 subjects will be recruited and consented in the Urology Clinic office. Subjects will complete a questionnaire asking about weight, height, history of kidney stones, whether they are on any diuretics, medications that alter urine chemistries, or special diets. BMI will be calculated. Day 1 will begin at 5p.m. on the day before first morning void is collected. The subjects will collect a spot urine sample on the first void at home, then at 9-10AM, 1-2 PM and 4-5PM. They will be provided 4 sterile urine cups labeled for the different timed collection marked at the 20-30 ml line to indicate how much urine should be collected. Subjects will be instructed to refrigerate their first voids.The 2nd, 3rd and 4th void samples will be collected in the office during the designated times, and given to study personnel. The subjects will record the time of each void, the time given to the study representative, the times they eat, and their approximate fluid intake on the provided diaries. Subjects will be asked not to void outside of the timed collections. If they do void outside of these times, they will be asked to record the extra times that they void.

On Day 2, 3, and 4 the subject will drink a bottle of water with True Lemon after 5pm. On days 3 and 4 the subjects will double their fluid intake using Day 1 as a guide. On Day 4 the subjects will collect 4 urine samples as previously described for Day1. They will be instructed to mix 1 packet of True lemon in one 16.9oz (500 mL) bottle of Poland Spring. All True Lemon packets (True Citrus, 11501 Pocomoke Court Suite D, Baltimore, MD 21220). and Poland Spring (Nestle Waters North America) bottles will be provided to subjects by the research study team.

UA dipsticks will be used in office to evaluate for pH and specific gravity. Samples will also be sent to lab for evaluation of chemical composition of creatinine, citrate, and calcium. Electrolytes will be indexed against creatinine to evaluate their concentrations without having a 24-hour void volume amount A sample of citrate-Poland Spring will be sent to Litholink for analysis of Calcium and Citrate for reference.
Experimental Design: For 6 consecutive days/treatment, the participants will consume either hummus and pretzels, granola bars, or no snack between 2-4 pm and refrain from eating anything else during this time. On day 7, the participants will consume a standard breakfast, at home, and will come in to the investigator's facility 1 h prior to their habitual lunch time. The participants will be placed in a comfortable room, void of all time cues and a standardized lunch will be consumed. At 3 h after lunch, the participants will complete baseline appetite, satiety, and mood questionnaires. The respective snack will be given to the participants, and they will have 20 minutes to eat the snack. Snack palatability will also be assessed. The participants will continue to complete the previous questionnaires until they voluntarily choose to eat (again). At 3 h after snack, they will be presented with ad libitum dinner and evening snacks. They will be permitted to eat as much or as little as they would like to eat over the remainder of the day. In addition, from day 3 to day 8 of the testing week, continuous glucose monitoring will be completed to assess glucose control.
Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin are cell adhesion molecules that play a significant role in inflammation and are implicated in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia development and HIV infection. More specifically, the immune expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin within cyto- and syncytiotrophoblast cells are dysregulated in preeclampsia, indicating their role in defective placentation. This study investigates the associations of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin gene variants (rs3093030, rs3783605, and rs1805193, respectively) with preeclampsia comorbid with HIV infection in women of African ancestry. It also examines the susceptibility to preeclampsia development and the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). A total of 405 women were enrolled in this study. Out of these women, 204 were preeclamptic and 201 were normotensive. Clinical characteristics were maternal age, weight, blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), and gestational age. Whole blood was collected, DNA was extracted, and genotyping of the ICAM-1 (rs3093030 C>T), VCAM-1(rs3783605 A>G), and E-selectin (rs1805193 A>C) gene polymorphisms was performed. Comparisons were made using the Chi-squared test. Our results demonstrated that preeclamptic women exhibited a higher frequency of analyzed variants, in contrast to those with the duality of preeclampsia and HIV infection. Additionally, the C allele of the ICAM-1 (rs3093030 C>T) and G allele of the VCAM-1 (rs3783605 A>G) genes were found to have a greater role in the co-morbidity and may be considered as a risk factor for preeclampsia development in women of African ancestry. In contrast, the SNP of rs1805193 of the E-selectin gene indicated that A>C was only significantly associated with HIV infection and not with preeclampsia. These findings highlight a strong association of the rs3093030 SNP of the ICAM-1 gene and of the VCAM-1 rs3783605 gene with the development of preeclampsia, indicating their role in the defective trophoblast invasion of preeclampsia. Sub-group analysis further reveals an association of the AA genotype with late-onset preeclampsia, a less severe form of disease indicating differing genetic predispositions between early and late-onset forms.
Atovaquone-Proguanil (AP) + Artesunate-Mefloquine (ASMQ); ASMQ once daily for three days (D0, D1, D2), following standard weight-based dosing per drug label. Subsequently, volunteers continue their treatment with AP once daily starting on day 3, for three additional days (D3, 4, 5). All volunteers with P.f monoinfection receive single dose of PQ (15 mg) for transmission blocking.
IRF1 is a transcription factor well known for its role in IFN signaling. Although IRF1 was initially identified for its involvement in inflammatory processes, there is now evidence that it provides a function in carcinogenesis as well. IRF1 has been shown to affect several important antitumor mechanisms, such as induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, remodeling of tumor immune microenvironment, suppression of telomerase activity, suppression of angiogenesis and others. Nevertheless, the opposite effects of IRF1 on tumor growth have also been demonstrated. In particular, the "immune checkpoint" molecule PD-L1, which is responsible for tumor immune evasion, has IRF1 as a major transcriptional regulator. These and several other properties of IRF1, including its proposed association with response and resistance to immunotherapy and several chemotherapeutic drugs, make it a promising object for further research. Numerous mechanisms of IRF1 regulation in cancer have been identified, including genetic, epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational mechanisms, although their significance for tumor progression remains to be explored. This review will focus on the established tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting functions of IRF1, as well as the molecular mechanisms of IRF1 regulation identified in various cancers.
Metal staples or tacks. Material specification of staples/tacks was introduced in SHR 2012.
Despite constituting an essential component of fitness, reproductive success can vary remarkably between individuals and the causes of such variation are not well understood across taxa. In the zebra finch-a model songbird, almost all the variation in sperm morphology and swimming speed is maintained by a large polymorphic inversion (commonly known as a supergene) on the Z chromosome. The relationship between this polymorphism and reproductive success is not fully understood, particularly for females. Here, we explore the effects of female haplotype, and the combination of male and female genotype, on several primary reproductive traits in a captive population of zebra finches. Despite the inversion polymorphism's known effects on sperm traits, we find no evidence that inversion haplotype influences egg production by females or survival of embryos through to hatching. However, our findings do reinforce existing evidence that the inversion polymorphism is maintained by a heterozygote advantage for male fitness. This work provides an important step in understanding the causes of variation in reproductive success in this model species.
PURPOSE:To increase the bone forming rate by mixing a specified amt. of a pore forming material into a calcium phosphate powder having a specified grain diameter, subjecting the mixture to isostatic pressing, heating the compact at a specified rate and then sintering the compact. CONSTITUTION:50-80vol.% of a pore forming material such as globular carbon obtained by carbonizing a resin having 100-300mum pore diameter is admixed with the powder of calcium phosphate such as hydroxyapatite having 1-500mum grain diameter. The mixture is press-formed and then subjected to isostatic pressing at >=1000kg/cm<2>, and the obtained compact is crushed into granules. The granule is then heated to 400-600 deg.C at a rate of 5-20 deg.C/hr to evaporate and liberate the pore forming material, and the product is sintered at 900-1300 deg.C in an oxidizing atmosphere to obtain the sintered compact of calcium phosphate. The sintered compact is cleaned by a neutral phosphate buffer soln. to obtain the sintered compact having a high bone forming rate.
PURPOSE: Despite a known risk of cellulitis recurrence, the management of the wider impact and risk factors has been neglected. The innovative National Cellulitis Improvement Programme (NCIP) addresses this by providing evidence-based and individualised care to improve patient reported outcomes and reduce the risk of recurrence. The aim of this paper is to examine the longer-term impact of cellulitis and to identify a suitable and clinically relevant Patient Reported Outcome Measure (PROM).
METHODS: A review of existing cellulitis-specific PROMs was undertaken, alongside literature detailing the patient-focused impact of cellulitis, to identify a suitable PROM for clinical use. A group of expert therapists and patient representatives (n = 14) shared their individual and collective experiences over a series of events to discuss and debate the impact of cellulitis and review available PROMs. CELLUPROM© is introduced with anonymised PROM data and case study information reported to establish the impact of CELLUPROM© within usual NCIP care.
RESULTS: No cellulitis-specific PROMs were identified. Literature focused on the signs and symptoms of an acute episode of cellulitis, with outcome measures primarily used to evidence the impact of an intervention. An enduring physical, social and emotional impact of cellulitis was identified in this study, providing the basis for the new cellulitis-specific PROM (CELLUPROM©), which has been implemented with good effect in clinical care.
CONCLUSION: This study has highlighted the lasting impact of cellulitis. Using CELLUPROM© within the risk-reduction NCIP has helped develop Value-Based Healthcare and support programme evaluation.
Human diseases caused by defects of the primary cilium (ciliopathies) are a group of distinct disorders with overlapping features. Clinical features of ciliopathies include fibrocystic disease of the kidneys and liver, retinal degeneration, obesity, structural and functional defects of the central nervous system and the eyes, abnormal bone growth, abnormal sidedness of internal organs and polydactyly. Human ciliopathies characterized by variable combinations of these features include autosomal recessive (ARPKD) and dominant (ADPKD) polycystic kidney diseases, nephronophthisis (NPHP), Joubert syndrome and related disorders (JSRD), Bardet-Biedl (BBS), Meckel-Gruber (MKS), Oral-Facial-Digital-type 1 (OFD1), and Alstrom syndromes (AS) and skeletal disorders such as Jeune syndrome (JS) and cleidocranial dysplasia. ARPKD, the most common pediatric ciliopathy, is characterized by cystic degeneration of the kidneys and congenital hepatic fibrosis of the liver. JSRD are a heterogenous group of syndromes characterized by a distinctive cerebellar and brainstem malformation (molar tooth sign), intellectual disability, abnormal eye movements, and abnormal respiratory pattern in infancy. Other common features seen in subsets of JSRD patients include, fibrocystic renal disease, congenital hepatic fibrosis, retinal degeneration, retinal colobomas, occipital encephalocele, and polydactyly. AS and BBS are ciliopathies characterized by obesity and retinal degeneration and hepatorenal disease in most cases. BBS patients also exhibit postaxial polydactyly, cognitive impairment, male hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and female genitourinary malformations. Additional features in AS include metabolic syndrome associated with insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia, cardiomyopathy and sensorineural deafness. OFD-I is characterized by polycystic kidney disease and oral, digital and brain anomalies including cerebellar hypoplasia with or without Dandy-Walker malformation. JS is a skeletal ciliopathy characterized by small thorax, short-limbed short stature, fibrocystic renal disease and retinal degeneration. The frequency and characteristics and natural history of specific organ/system disease in ciliopathies are either unknown or poorly defined, mostly because of the limited data available from retrospective reports of small numbers of patients.