anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
No instances of overdose with calcitonin-salmon nasal spray have been reported and no serious adverse reactions have been associated with high doses. There is no known potential for drug abuse for calcitonin-salmon.

Single doses of calcitonin-salmon nasal spray up to 1600 International Units, doses up to 800 International Units per day for 3 days and chronic administration of doses up to 600 International Units per day have been studied without serious adverse effects. A 1000 International Units dose of calcitonin-salmon injectable product given subcutaneously may produce nausea and vomiting. A 32 International Units per kg per day dose of calcitonin-salmon injectable product for 1or 2 days demonstrated no additional adverse effects.

There have been no reports of hypocalcemic tetany. However, the pharmacologic actions of FORTICAL® calcitonin-salmon (rDNA origin) Nasal Spray suggest that this could occur in overdose. Therefore, provisions for parenteral administration of calcium should be available for the treatment of overdose.
The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) remains high, and many NAFLD patients suffer from severe ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Currently, no practical approach can be used to treat IRI. Puerarin plays a vital role in treating multiple diseases, such as NAFLD, stroke, diabetes, and high blood pressure. However, its role in the IRI of the fatty liver is still unclear. We aimed to explore whether puerarin could protect the fatty liver from IRI. C57BL/6J mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) followed by ischemia reperfusion injury. We showed that hepatic IRI was more severe in the fatty liver compared with the normal liver, and puerarin could significantly protect the fatty liver against IRI and alleviate oxidative stress. The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway was activated during IRI, while liver steatosis decreased the level of activation. Puerarin significantly protected the fatty liver from IRI by reactivating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. However, LY294002, a PI3K-AKT inhibitor, attenuated the protective effect of puerarin. In conclusion, puerarin could significantly protect the fatty liver against IRI by activating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.
Due to the conventional impression that mild stroke would lead to a good recovery outcome rather than disability, it is easy for patients or clinicians to ignore or delay the secondary prevention therapy. However, the latest research findings indicate that these patients have a high risk of neurological deterioration within hours to days after the onset of the disease. The risk of recurrence within 90 days is much higher than normal people as well. These patients are at greater risk complicating with atherosclerotic stenosis of the large arteries. This study designs a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial to observe the improvement effect of EECP in HR-NICE patients. Random numbers are used to divide HR-NICE patients into two groups with true or sham EECP treatment separately. All the patients and technicians are blind of the group assignments of the subjects except the therapist responsible for setting the parameters of each patient's treatment. By observing the difference of Stroke Impact Scale before and after a course of EECP treatment, the investigators explore its effect on symptom improvement in HR-NICE patients. Based on multi-model magnetic resonance imaging, hematological parameter detection and genetic test, it's comprehensive to clarify the central neural features and peripheral abnormalities of HR-NICE patients, so as to provide objective proof for efficacy evaluation of pre-existing neural damage. What's more, on the basis that neuroimaging characteristics and inflammatory factors have important effects on the progression of disease as well as the presentation of symptoms, this study intends to reveal the potential mechanism of EECP to improve performance of central neural system on different neuroimaging aspects and find sensitive neuroimaging biomarkers in predicting the therapeutic effect of EECP. This study is not only contributing to explore the validity of EECP on HR-NICE patients, but also exploring the intrinsic and peripheral mechanism for classifying sensitive population based on neuroimaging and other predictive markers.
A tissue collection and processing system for collecting bone fragments and tissue therein. The tissue collection and processing system includes a collection vessel, a collection vessel cap and filter container. The collection vessel has an opening formed therein. The collection vessel cap is capable of engaging the collection vessel to substantially seal the opening. The collection vessel cap or the collection vessel includes a first port and a second port. The filter container is mounted with respect to the first port.
In PWL parents will be given a weight loss goal of 1-2 lbs/week, as well as specific calorie and fat prescriptions, PA goals, and instructions to self-monitor key information. Parents will receive training in core behavioral weight loss strategies (e.g., goal setting, stimulus control) and techniques to help them achieve these goals and will also receive personalized feedback throughout the program.
Partial or complete expulsion of LILETTA may occur, resulting in the loss of contraceptive protection. In the clinical study on contraception with LILETTA, an overall expulsion rate of 4.1% over 8 years was reported, with a rate of 2.4% in nulliparous participants and 6.4% in parous participants. The majority (70.4%) occur in the first 12 months, with 23.9% occurring in the first three months and 42.3% in the first six months, cumulatively. Risk of expulsion is increased for patients with a history of heavy menstrual bleeding or greater than normal BMI at the time of insertion. In the clinical study on heavy menstrual bleeding with LILETTA, 8.6% of participants experienced expulsions, with two-thirds occurring within the first 90 days. About 90% of the expulsions occurred in overweight or obese participants.

Expulsion may be associated with symptoms of bleeding or pain, or it may be asymptomatic and go unnoticed. LILETTA typically decreases menstrual bleeding over time; therefore, an increase in menstrual bleeding may be indicative of an expulsion. Consider further diagnostic imaging, such as sonography or X-ray, to confirm expulsion if LILETTA is not found in the uterus. 

The risk of expulsion is increased with insertions performed immediately after delivery; it appears to be increased with insertions performed after second-trimester abortion, based on limited data. 

Remove a partially expelled LILETTA. If expulsion has occurred, a new LILETTA may be inserted when there is reasonable certainty the patient is not pregnant.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of emodin on alkali burn-induced corneal inflammation and neovascularization.
METHODS: The ability of emodin to target vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) was predicted by molecular docking. The effects of emodin on the invasion, migration, and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were determined by cell counting kit-8, Transwell, and tube formation assays. Analysis of apoptosis was performed by flow cytometry. CD31 levels were examined by immunofluorescence. The abundance and phosphorylation state of VEGFR2, protein kinase B (Akt), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and P38 were examined by immunoblot analysis. Corneal alkali burn was performed on 40 mice. Animals were divided randomly into two groups, and the alkali-burned eyes were then treated with drops of either 10 μM emodin or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) four times a day. Slit-lamp microscopy was used to evaluate inflammation and corneal neovascularization (CNV) in all eyes on Days 0, 7, 10, and 14. The mice were killed humanely 14 d after the alkali burn, and their corneas were removed and preserved at -80 ℃ until histological study or protein extraction.
RESULTS: Molecular docking confirmed that emodin was able to target VEGFR2. The findings revealed that emodin decreased the invasion, migration, angiogenesis, and proliferation of HUVEC in a dose-dependent manner. In mice, emodin suppressed corneal inflammatory cell infiltration and inhibited the development of corneal neovascularization induced by alkali burn. Compared to those of the PBS-treated group, lower VEGFR2 expression and CD31 levels were found in the emodin-treated group. Emodin dramatically decreased the expression of VEGFR2, p-VEGFR2, p-Akt, p-STAT3, and p-P38 in VEGF-treated HUVEC.
CONCLUSION: This study provides a new avenue for evaluating the molecular mechanisms underlying corneal inflammation and neovascularization. Emodin might be a promising new therapeutic option for corneal alkali burns.
BACKGROUND: Germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are among the main causes of hereditary ovarian cancer. Identifying these mutations may reduce cancer risk, facilitate early detection, and enable personalized treatment. However, genetic testing is limited in the Brazilian Public Health System, and data regarding germline mutations in many regions are scarce. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the prevalence of germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 in women with ovarian cancer treated in the Public Health System in Pernambuco, Brazil.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Hereditary Cancer Program from two reference oncological centers in Pernambuco. Women (n = 45) with high-grade serous ovarian cancer underwent genetic counseling and DNA sequencing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.
RESULTS: The prevalence of deleterious mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes was 33%. Of the 15 germline mutations found, 13 were in BRCA1 and 2 in BRCA2; two mutations of unknown clinical significance were also found in BRCA2. Mutations c.5266dupC and c.2215 A > T were the most frequent; each was mutation observed in three patients. Additionally, the mutations c.7645dupT and c.921dupT were reported for the first time.
CONCLUSION: One in three women showed a pathogenic mutation, demonstrating a significant prevalence of germline mutations in this sample. Additionally, the small sample revealed an interesting number of mutations, indicating the need to explore more regions of the country.
INTRODUCTION: Hematoma formation after blepharoplasty is serious and potentially vision-threatening, with hypertension being the primary risk factor. The aim of this paper is to assess perioperative blood pressure trends and rates of complication in patients undergoing a strict blood pressure protocol designed to keep perioperative systolic blood pressure below 120 mmHg.
METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed of 32 patients undergoing face lift with conomitant blepharoplasty from January 2015 to July 2018. For each patient blood pressure readings obtained before, during, and after surgery were reviewed. Two-sample one-tail T-tests were performed, and p values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) for all patients was highest intraoperatively. Patients with known hypertension had higher mean SBPs than patients without hypertension across all phases of care, with a statistically significant difference in immediate preoperative SBP (p=0.05). Males had a higher average blood pressure immediately postoperatively (p=0.05). A previous diagnosis of hypertension in females was associated with a higher immediate preoperative SBP (p=0.07) as well as age over 65 (p=0.07). The overall rate of complications was 37.5%. No patients experienced hematoma.
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that keeping blood pressure below 120 mmHg after surgery was an effective method of preventing hematoma after blepharoplasty, even in patients concurrently on anti-coagulative medications. Special attention to blood pressure control should be shown to patients with known risk factors such as a previous diagnosis of hypertension, male sex, or age greater than 65.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
BACKGROUND: Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is a genetically heterogeneous disease that can lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in children. The TTC21B variant is associated with NPHP12 and mainly characterized by cystic kidney disease, skeletal malformation, liver fibrosis, and retinopathy. Affected patients range from children to adults. Some patients experience ESRD in infancy or early childhood, but clinical reports on neonatal patients are rare. We report a case of NPHP12 in a premature infant and analyze its genetic etiology.
METHODS: Trio-whole exome sequencing analysis was performed on the patient and her parents; bioinformatics software was used to predict and analyze the hazards of the variants. Sanger sequencing was performed to verify variants. We calculated the free energy between mutant IFT139 and the IFT121-IFT122-IFT43 complex structure using molecular dynamics (MD). Finally, the clinical and genetic characteristics of patients with hotspot variant Cys518Arg were reviewed.
RESULTS: Genetic analysis revealed compound-heterozyous TTC21B variants in the patient, c.497delA (p.Lys166fs*36) and c.1552T>C (p.Cys518Arg). Her father and mother had heterozygous c.497delA (p.Lys166fs*36) and heterozygous c.1552T>C (p.Cys518Arg), respectively. Cys518Arg represents a hotspot variant, and the MD calculation results show that this can reduce the structural stability of the IFT121-IFT122-IFT139-IFT43 complex structure. A literature review showed that Cys518Arg might lead to the early occurrence of ESRD.
CONCLUSIONS: Compound-heterozygous TTC21B variants underlie the phenotype in this patient. Thus, Cys518Arg may be a hotspot variant in the Chinese population. Genetic testing should be recommended for NPHP in neonates and early infants.
Increasing evidence implicates endo-lysosomal dysfunction in frontotemporal dementia (FTD). 18 proteins were quantified using a mass spectrometry assay panel in the cerebrospinal fluid of 36 people with the language variant of FTD, primary progressive aphasia (PPA) (including 13 with non-fluent variant (nfvPPA), 11 with semantic variant (svPPA), and 12 with logopenic variant (lvPPA)) and 19 healthy controls. The concentrations of the cathepsins (B, D, F, L1, and Z) as well as AP-2 complex subunit beta, ganglioside GM2 activator, beta-hexosaminidase subunit beta, tissue alpha L-fucosidase, and ubiquitin were decreased in nfvPPA compared with controls. In contrast, the concentrations of amyloid beta A4 protein, cathepsin Z, and dipeptidyl peptidase 2 were decreased in svPPA compared with controls. No proteins were abnormal in lvPPA. These results indicate a differential alteration of lysosomal proteins in the PPA variants, suggesting those with non-Alzheimer's pathologies are more likely to show abnormal lysosomal function.
### Cardiac Electrophysiology 

Atazanavir: In a thorough QT/QTc study in 72 healthy subjects (Study AI424-076), atazanavir 400 mg and 800 mg (Cmax was 1.2 times and 2.4 times the Cmax observed with the recommended dosage of EVOTAZ, respectively) without a CYP3A inhibitor did not prolong the QTc interval to any clinically relevant extent. Asymptomatic prolongation of the PR interval was noted in subjects receiving atazanavir. The mean (±SD) maximum change in PR interval from the predose for atazanavir 400 mg (n=65), atazanavir 800 mg (n=66), and placebo (n=67) was 24 (±15) msec, 60 (±25) msec, and 13 (±11) msec, respectively. Steady state atazanavir exposures (Cmax and AUCtau) observed in this healthy subject study exceeded those observed in subjects treated with atazanavir coadministered with cobicistat. There is limited information on the potential for a pharmacodynamic interaction in humans between atazanavir and other drugs that prolong the PR interval of the electrocardiogram [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

In 1793 subjects with HIV-1 infection receiving antiretroviral regimens, QTc prolongation was comparable in the atazanavir-containing and comparator regimens. No atazanavir-treated healthy subject or subject with HIV-1 infection in clinical trials had a QTc interval >500 msec [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

Cobicistat: In a thorough QT/QTc study conducted in 48 healthy subjects (Study GS-US-216-0107), cobicistat 250 mg (1.7 times the recommended dosage in EVOTAZ) and 400 mg (2.7 times the recommended dosage in EVOTAZ) did not prolong the QTc interval to any clinically relevant extent. Asymptomatic prolongation of the PR interval was noted in subjects receiving cobicistat. The maximum mean (95% upper confidence bound) difference in PR from placebo after baseline correction was 9.5 (12.1) msec for 250 mg and 20.2 (22.8) msec for 400 mg dose of cobicistat.

### Effects on Serum Creatinine 

The effect of cobicistat on serum creatinine was investigated in Study GS-US-216-0121, conducted in subjects with normal renal function (eGFR ≥80 mL/min, N=12) and mild-to-moderate renal impairment (eGFR 50-79 mL/min, N=18). A statistically significant change in estimated glomerular filtration rate, calculated by Cockcroft-Gault method (eGFRCG) from baseline, was observed after 7 days of treatment with cobicistat 150 mg among subjects with normal renal function (−9.9 ± 13.1 mL/min) and mild-to-moderate renal impairment (−11.9 ± 7.0 mL/min). No statistically significant changes in eGFRCG were observed compared to baseline for subjects with normal renal function or mild-to-moderate renal impairment 7 days after cobicistat was discontinued. The actual glomerular filtration rate, as determined by the clearance of probe drug iohexol, was not altered from baseline following treatment with cobicistat among subjects with normal renal function and mild-to-moderate renal impairment, indicating that cobicistat inhibits tubular secretion of creatinine, reflected as a reduction in eGFRCG, without affecting the actual glomerular filtration rate [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].
BACKGROUND: Stiff person syndrome (SPS) is a rare neuroimmunological disorder characterized by rigidity and painful spasm primarily affecting the truncal and paraspinal musculature due to autoimmune-mediated neuronal hyperexcitability. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an approved therapy for managing painful neuropathic conditions, including diabetic peripheral neuropathy and refractory angina pectoris. We describe the novel use of SCS for the treatment of spasm and rigidity in a 49-year-old man with seropositive stiff person syndrome (SPS). The patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and oral medications over a 13-month period with minimal improvement, prompting consideration of SCS. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the successful use of SCS in SPS with the demonstration of multifaceted clinical improvement.
METHODS: Following a successful temporary SCS trial, permanent implantation was performed. Spasm/stiffness (Distribution of Stiffness Index; Heightened Sensitivity Scale; Penn Spasm Frequency Scale, PSFS), disability (Oswestry Disability Index, ODI; Pain Disability Index, PDI), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9, PHQ-9), sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI), fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale, FSS), pain (Numerical Pain Rating Scale, NPRS), quality of life (EuroQoL 5 Dimension 5 Level, EQ-5D-5L), and medication usage were assessed at baseline, 6-month, and 10-month postimplantation.
RESULTS: ODI, PHQ-9, FSS, NPRS, PSQI, and EQ-5D-5L scores showed a notable change from baseline and surpassed the defined minimal clinically important difference (MCID) at 6-month and 10-month follow-up. Oral medication dosages were reduced.
CONCLUSIONS: The novel use of SCS therapy in seropositive SPS resulted in functional improvement and attenuation of symptoms. We present possible mechanisms by which SCS may produce clinical response in patients with SPS and aim to demonstrate proof-of-concept for a future comprehensive pilot study evaluating SCS-mediated response in SPS.
Previous studies suggest that there are brain anatomical and functional abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder(BD), major depressive disorder(MDD), and the pathogenesis of these three mental disorders may exist overlaps. However, it remains unclear whether these abnormalities can be used for the diagnosis and prediction of treatment effects in mental disorders. It is also unclear whether there are shared imaging biomarkers between these three common mental disorders. In a word, there still lacks reliable neuroimaging biomarkers in mental disorders. Based on the previous studies, this study aims to examine the whole-brain anatomical and functional abnormalities in drug-naive patients with schizophrenia ,drug-naive patients with BD, drug-naive patients with MDD and healthy controls by using a combination of cross-sectional and longitudinal study designs, including a longitudinal study with 8 weeks of drugs treatment( schizophrenia patients are treated with one antipsychotic drug(olanzapine, risperidone; amisulpride); patients with bipolar disorder are treated with one mood stabilizer(lithium;valproate);patients with major depressive disorder are treated with paroxetine). First, neuroimaging biomarkers are definitively selected in patients with different mental disorders for the purpose of diagnosis by using a cross-sectional design. After that, a longitudinal study is conducted in patients after 8 weeks of drugs treatment to validate that the selected neuroimaging biomarkers can be used to predict treatment response of medication. The definitively selected neuroimaging biomarkers are expected to be useful for the diagnosis and prediction of treatment effects in these three mental disorders; and therefore to be helpful for understanding the pathophysiology of mental disorders.
PURPOSE:To obtain a new physiologically active substance NK-11687 or its pharmacologically permissible salt, useful as a nematode expellent and capable of readily exterminating parasitic nematodes such as Enterobius vermicutaris. CONSTITUTION:This nematode expellent for animals contains a new physiologically active substance NK-11687 of the formula or its pharmacologically active salt. The new physiologically active substance NK-11687 is obtained by culturing a microorganism, belonging to the genus Streptomyces and capable of producing the physiologically active substance NK-11687, i.e., Streptomyces sp. NK-11687 strain (FERM P-13207), producing and accumulating the physiologically active substance NK-11687 and collecting the resultant physiologically active substance from the culture. This physiologically active substance NK-11687 is excellent as a nematode expellent. Parasitic nematodes such as Enterobius vermicularis can readily be exterminated by administering the nematode expellent to animals. Thereby, this expellent is useful for treating diseases of animals which the nematodes are mainly considered as a cause thereof and improving the physical strength or anorexia.
The immediate treatment group will fill out the questions at the initial appointment and again after five treatment appointments. They will fill the questions out again at the first follow-up treatment appointment (approximately 4-5 months from the initial appointment), and then at the next (and last) follow-up appointment (approximately 7-8 months). The participants teacher will also be asked to fill out sets of questions.