anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) \[16\] and VEGFR2 \[34\] are highly-expressed on mesothelioma cells, and are therefore attractive options for this cancer. We chose to study the combination of ramucirumab with nivolumab because of the potential efficacy of these two agents in mesothelioma and because of the potential synergistic activity between them \[30\]. As previously discussed, immunotherapies such as anti-PD-1 inhibitors must contend with a hostile, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment due to angiogenesis that results in hypoxia. This hypoxia decreases the ability of antibodies to infiltrate the tumor. We hypothesize that the normalization of tumor vasculature (by reducing the area of the tumor that is hypoxic) with an anti-VEGF strategy (i.e., ramucirumab) used in synergy with a PD-1 inhibitor will facilitate the infiltration of T-lymphocytes into tumor parenchyma. We will conduct a phase II study based on this premise using nivolumab and ramucirumab as second-line therapy in patients with malignant mesothelioma who have failed standard doublet platinum and anti-folate therapy.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cause of stroke, especially ischemic stroke. So far, all available data that demonstrate a beneficial effect of oral anticoagulation for stroke prevention have been collected in populations with AF documented by conventional ECG recordings. It is well established that a large proportion of AF episodes remain undiagnosed ("silent AF"), and many of these patients present with a stroke as the first clinical sign of AF. Earlier initiation of anticoagulation could prevent such events. Continuous monitoring of atrial rhythm by implanted devices could close this diagnostic gap. Pacemakers, defibrillators, and cardiac resynchronisation devices already provide automated algorithms alerting to the occurrence of highly organised atrial tachyarrhythmia episodes, also called "subclinical atrial fibrillation" or, more commonly, "atrial high rate episodes" (AHRE). Data from large prospectively followed patient cohorts demonstrated that stroke rate is increased in patients with AHRE. A sizeable portion of these patients develops clinically detected AF over time. In these patients, AHRE can be considered as an early manifestation of paroxysmal AF. A few AHRE patients do not develop clinically overt AF, and the absolute stroke rates are lower in patients with AHRE when compared to stroke rates in patients with clinically diagnosed AF. In light of the bleeding complications associated with oral anticoagulant therapy, there is thus uncertainty about the optimal antithrombotic therapy in patients with AHREs.

The Non-vitamin K antagonist Oral anticoagulants (NOACs) provide similar or slightly better stroke prevention, and appear slightly safer compared to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). In addition, no individual therapy adjustment of NOACs has to be performed. Edoxaban, a newly introduced NOAC, at a dose regime of 60 mg once daily (OD) has a favourable profile compared to dose-adjusted VKA therapy: In the ENGAGE-TIMI 48 trial, edoxaban prevented strokes at least as effectively as VKA therapy but caused less major bleeding events than VKA therapy.
INTRODUCTION: The incidence of stroke is rising among individuals aged 15-39. Insufficient research targeting this age group hampers the development of effective strategies. This study analyzes data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) to examine trends from 1990 to 2019 and propose future interventions.
METHODS: Data on ischemic strokes, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage from 1990 to 2019 was collected from the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) platform. We used the Annual Average Percentage Change (AAPC) to assess global trends in incidence, prevalence, Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), and mortality rates across various stroke categories. Joinpoint models identified significant years of trend inflection. Trend analyses were segmented by age, gender, and Sociodemographic Index (SDI).
FINDINGS: From 1990 to 2019, the global incidence of ischemic stroke within the adolescents and young adults (AYAs) cohort declined from 1990 to 1999, further decreased from 2000 to 2009, and then increased from 2010 to 2019. The overall AAPC p-value showed no significant difference. Mortality rates for ischemic strokes were consistently reduced during this period. The overall incidence rate of intracerebral hemorrhage has exhibited a downward trend. Meanwhile, the incidence rate of subarachnoid hemorrhage decreased from 1990 to 2009, yet saw a resurgence from 2010 to 2019. Male ischemic stroke incidence grew more than female incidence, but both absolute incidence and rates were higher for females. Differences in SDI levels were observed, with the fastest increase in incidence occurring in low-middle SDI regions, followed by high SDI regions, and the smallest increase in low SDI regions. Conversely, the most rapid decline was noted in high-middle SDI regions, with no significant change observed in middle SDI regions.
CONCLUSION: A concerning trend of increasing ischemic stroke incidence, DALYs, and prevalence rates has emerged in the global 15-39 age group, especially among those aged 30-39. This increase is evident across regions with varying SDI classifications. To combat this alarming trend among adolescents and young adults, enhancing preventive efforts, promoting healthier lifestyles, strengthening the healthcare system's responsiveness, and maintaining vigilant epidemiological monitoring is essential.
Participant will receive Saruparib (AZD5305) once daily + darolutamide twice daily for 21 days (+ up to 7 days) unless unacceptable toxicity or withdrawal of consent. Following the 21 days of study treatment, participants should undergo radical prostatectomy on Day 22 (+ up to 7 days).
In intervention group II, patients will be treated for 10 weeks by a combination of Metacognitive behavioral therapy (MCT) and Neuro-physiotherapy (NPT) (1 hour MCT and 1 hour NPT per week with a total of 20 treatment sessions over 10 weeks). The key feature during MCT sessions will be based on an attention training technique (ATT), which prevents or interrupts self-focused attention and reduces the overall level of preoccupation with the FMD. Patients will receive at least three competing sounds. Patients will be asked to practice the training with their eyes open and focused on a visual fixation point. Patients' self-reliance will be strengthened by an individualized cognitive self-training explained and practiced with the MCT therapist including an audio tape of the ATT training. This should be continued daily at home in between sessions and after completion of the 10 weeks intervention. Self-training will be documented in a daily training diary.
PURPOSE:To provide a sticking agent for mucosa excellent in stick to a mucosa, water resistance, etc., by using a copolymer prepared by polymerizing vinylpyrrolidone with a vinyl-terminated macromonomer of a specified molecular weight in a specified weight ratio. CONSTITUTION:A copolymer is produced by copolymerizing vinyl-pyrrolidone with a vinyl-terminated macromonomer (e.g. vinyl-terminated polystyrene) of a weight-average molecular weight of 500-20,000 in a weight ratio of (70:30) to (99:1). This copolymer as a base is desirably mixed with a polymer comprising repeating units derived from a vinyl compound having a 4C or lower side chain (e.g. polymethyl methacrylate) to produce a sticking agent for mucosa. This agent is excellent in stick to a mucosa, has an affinity also for a nonmucosa substance other than the mucosa, such as an acrylic resin, and has excellent cushioning properties for a long time, so that it can desirably be used as a stabilizer for an artificial tooth or the like.
OBJECTIVES: Improving the understanding of the patterns of quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen (qHBsAg) trajectories associated with HBsAg loss is important in light of novel anti-hepatitis B virus agents being developed. We evaluated long-term qHBsAg trajectories in persons with HIV and HBV during tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.
METHODS: We included 29 participants with and 29 without HBsAg loss, defined as qHBsAg <0.05 IU/mL. We assessed qHBsAg decline during therapy in both groups and used agglomerative hierarchical clustering to identify different qHBsAg trajectory profiles in persons with HBsAg loss.
RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 11.9 years (IQR 8.4-14.1), and the median time to HBsAg loss was 48 months (IQR 12-96). Among participants with HBsAg loss, 79% had a qHBsAg decline ≥1 log10 IU/mL 2 years after starting tenofovir. The trajectories in qHBsAg levels during tenofovir therapy were heterogeneous, characterized by five distinct profiles. Among participants without HBsAg loss, only 7% had a qHBsAg decline ≥1 log10 IU/ml after 2 years.
CONCLUSIONS: Most persons with HIV who experienced HBsAg loss had an early decline in qHBsAg levels, with diverse trajectories during long-term tenofovir therapy. In persons without HBsAg loss, qHBsAg levels remained remarkably stable over time.
The goals of this project are to assess MSIMI prevalence in chest pain women with coronary artery stenosis less than 50%, as compared to age matched healthy women, and the MBF change during mental stress and adenosine vasodilator stress by PET with N-13 ammonia . This study will also establish the methodology of echocardiography to diagnose MSIMI by comparing with PET. To evaluate the consistency of myocardial blood flow (MBF by PET-CT) and peripheral blood flow (PAT ratio by EndoPAT) during stress test. and to explore the pathogenesis of MSIMI from aspects of neuroendocrine mechanism, sex hormone level, humoral immunity index and proteome expression.

The stress testing will be conducted at the PET-CT and echocardiography unit of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital. Following a 20-minute calibration-rest period, participants will be asked to complete a series of 3 consecutive mental stress tasks. The mental stress tests are embedded in the virtual reality device, and the subjects can carry out the mental stress test with the virtual reality device on their heads. (1) Stroop Color-Word test, is administered by computer on a video monitor. A word appeared in the middle of the screen-Red, Green, Yellow, or Blue-in one of these four colors. At the bottom of the screen the words Red, Green, Yellow, and Blue appeared with the font color not matching the word meaning. The participant is asked to match the color of the word in the middle of the screen with the meaning of the color word at the bottom by clicking on the correct option, which lasts about 4 minutes. and then (2) Public speaking with anger recall: during this test, patients will be asked to give a speech on a recent situation in which they experienced anger to an audience of three observers (doctors) after 1 minute of preparation. Prior to the speech, subjects are told that their speech will be evaluated on their description of the situation, as to what happened, what they thought, felt, what they did, and what happened as a result. If they run out of things to say, the research tech will prompt them with questions to elicit more content until the three minutes are up. and at last the (3) Mental arithmetic: during this test, patients will be asked to perform a series of serial subtractions beginning at a given number which will be different for each repeated test and will be chosen by the tester from a fixed list of various numbers, with encouragement to perform calculations as quickly as possible; Each mental stress lasts for 4 minutes, there is no rest between the two mental stress, and the whole process of mental stress is 12 minutes.
Study design. The study is a single-center study and includes all patients from the age of 18 who underwent a pancreatic resection due to metastasis from RCC from 1. January 2011 to 31. December 2021. Patients, who underwent additional pancreatic resection after surgery for metastatic RCC, were excluded. The follow-up period ended 31. December 2022.

Data collection. Data are collected from a prospectively maintained database of pancreatic operations, from the electronic hospital record systems Orbit and EPIC, the Danish National Pathology Data Registry, and from the National Register of Death. All Danish Nationals have a unique Central Person Registration number that enables searching of health data.

Outcome. Extracted data included patient demographics, date, and site of nephrectomy, Leibovich score, type of pancreatic resection, 30-days postoperative complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification system, procedure specific complications (pancreatic fistula or biliary leak) according to the International Study Group on Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS), pathology of resected pancreatic specimen. Postoperative data included time and site of disease recurrence after pancreatic resection, disease free survival (DS) and overall survival (OS). The postoperative follow-up included standard imaging surveillance with computed tomography scan (CT) of the chest and abdomen at specific intervals depending on the Leibovich score.

Statistics. Clinicopathologic characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics. Data are presented as median and range if not otherwise stated. Categorial data are presented as numbers or percentage and were analysed with Fisher's exact test. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival. Post-pancreatectomy survival was defined as date of pancreatic resection to death. Post-pancreatectomy disease free survival was defined as the median time from the date of pancreatic resection to the date of detection of recurrence of disease, expressed in months. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Version 9.5.1 La Holla, CA. The study was reported according to the STROCSS guidelines.

Ethics The study is a register study and was conducted in accordance with the principles stated in the Declaration of Helsinki. No approval was required according to the Danish National Health Board. The use of register data followed the General Data Protection Regulation of the European Union and was approved by the Danish Data Protection Agency (RH -2015-07, nr. 03616) and patients' consent.
For the first 7 days of the treatment period, participants are to take GWP42003-P at a dose of 5 milligrams per kilogram per day (mg/kg/day), administered as 2 equally divided doses (i.e., 2.5 mg/kg in the morning and 2.5 mg/kg in the evening). On Day 8, participants are to increase the dose to 10 mg/kg/day, administered as 2 equally divided doses (i.e., 5 mg/kg in the morning and 5 mg/kg in the evening). The 10 mg/kg/day dose should be maintained for the remainder of the treatment period; however, per labeling, investigators may increase the dose to a maximum of 20 mg/kg/day if clinically warranted by titrating an additional 5 mg/kg/day each week until reaching the maximum dose. GWP42003-P will be taken b.i.d. (morning and evening).
An implantable infusion device includes of a disc-shaped housing that is made from a biocompatible material. The housing contains a reservoir for holding a volume of infusion medium, such as a medication to be administered to the patient. A reservoirs for an implantable infusion devices may be configured to reduce the thickness requirements of the device, without compromising volume capacity of the device. In addition, such a reservoir configuration can allow multiple dispensing and fill or re-fill operations, with reduced risk of damage to the reservoir components. The reservoir defines a chamber that contains at least one flexible diaphragm. Each diaphragm has an outer peripheral edge within the chamber, a convolution adjacent the peripheral edge and a generally smooth central portion that is free to flex within the chamber, wherein the convolution enhances the flexibility of the diaphragm. A ring is provided in alignment with the peripheral edge of each diaphragm. The ring has a central opening that is aligned with the convolution and central portion of each diaphragm, to allow the diaphragm to flex within the ring. In this manner, the volume on one side of each diaphragm may be varied to correspond to a varying volume of infusion medium. Similarly, the volume within the reservoir chamber on the other side of the diaphragms is varied as the diaphragms flex, to correspond to the expansion and contraction of a propellant medium within the reservoir.
Beginning at week 2, participants who are identified as treatment non-responders will be re-randomized in order to compare two strategies to address non-response: a modest step-up or vigorous step-up treatment augmentation tactic. Step 2 treatment strategy: modest step-up will include provision of an additional mHealth intervention component (push notifications). Step 2 treatment strategy vigorous step-up will include provision of an additional mHealth intervention component (push notifications), plus a traditional weight loss intervention component (coaching, meal replacements). Participants will continue to receive their first line treatment.
INTRODUCTION: Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) occur frequently in patients undergoing lung surgery under general anaesthesia and are strongly associated with longer postoperative hospital stays and increased mortality. The existing literature has shown that a higher level of preoperative physical activity (PA) plays a positive role in the low incidence of postoperative complications and the quality of life in patients undergoing lung surgery. However, the association between preoperative PA levels and the incidence of PPCs has rarely been studied, particularly in thoracoscopic lung surgery. This study aims to evaluate PA levels in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lung surgery using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and to investigate the association between PA levels and the incidence of PPCs.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A total of 204 participants aged 18-80 years undergoing thoracoscopic lung surgery (thoracoscopic wedge resection, thoracoscopic segmentectomy and thoracoscopic lobectomy) will be included in the study. The primary outcome is the incidence of PPCs within the first 5 postoperative days. The secondary outcomes include the number of PPCs, the incidence of PPCs 1 month postoperatively, the arterial blood levels of inflammatory markers, the incidence of postoperative adverse events within the first 5 postoperative days, extubation time, unplanned admission to the intensive care unit, postoperative length of stay and mortality 1 month postoperatively.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study was reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University on 31 March 2022 (YXLL-KY-2022(014)) and is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. We plan to disseminate the data and findings of this study in international and peer-reviewed journals.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The trial has been prospectively registered at the clinicaltrials.gov registry (NCT05401253).
Participants received Dulaglutide SC injection once weekly up to Week 56 on top of metformin. Participants initiated dosing at 0.75 mg once weekly and increased after 2 weeks to 1.5 mg once weekly for the treatment duration.
The invention comprises Gleditsia mucilage in the form of a powder, preferably containing 8-10% by wieght of water.  The mucilage is obtained by extracting with hot water, berries of plants of Gleditsia genus e.g. G. ferox, G. triacanthos and honey locust.  The aqueous extract is dried and may then be made into an aqueous gel. of use as a weight reducer (see Division A5).  The mucilage contains galactose, mannose, glucose and a glycuronic acid.ALSO:Laxative granules or dragees contain Gleditsia mucilage, a polyuronic acid extracted from plants of Gleditsia genus (see Division C3).  The mucilage may be administered alone or in association with known purgatives.  In the form of an aqueous gel containing 80-90% of water, the mucilage may be used as an appetite satient.
INTRODUCTION: Preoperative aerobic fitness is associated with postoperative outcomes after elective colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. This study aimed to develop and externally validate two clinical prediction models incorporating a practical test to assess preoperative aerobic fitness to distinguish between patients with and without an increased risk for 1) postoperative complications and 2) a prolonged time to in-hospital recovery of physical functioning after elective colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Models were developed using prospective data from 256 patients and externally validated using prospective data of 291 patients. Postoperative complications were classified according to Clavien-Dindo. The modified Iowa level of assistance scale (mILAS) was used to determine time to postoperative in-hospital physical recovery. Aerobic fitness, age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, neoadjuvant treatment, surgical approach, tumour location, and preoperative haemoglobin level were potential predictors. Areas under the curve (AUC), calibration plots, and Hosmer-Lemeshow tests evaluated predictive performance.
RESULTS: Aerobic fitness, sex, age, ASA, tumour location, and surgical approach were included in the final models. External validation of the model for complications and postoperative recovery presented moderate to fair discrimination (AUC 0.666 (0.598-0.733) and 0.722 (0.651-0.794), respectively) and good calibration. High sensitivity and high negative predictive values were observed in the lower predicted risk categories (<40 %).
CONCLUSION: Both models identify patients with and without an increased risk of complications or a prolonged time to in-hospital physical recovery. They might be used for improving patient-tailored preoperative risk assessment and targeted and cost-effective application of prehabilitation interventions.
The toxic levels for lithium are close to the therapeutic levels. It is therefore important that patients and their families be cautioned to watch for early symptoms and to discontinue the drug and inform the physician should they occur. Toxic symptoms are listed in detail under ADVERSE REACTIONS.  
  
Treatment   
No specific antidote for lithium poisoning is known. Early symptoms of lithium toxicity can usually be treated by reduction of cessation of dosage of the drug and resumption of the treatment at a lower dose after 24 to 48 hours. In severe cases of lithium poisoning, the first and foremost goal of treatment consists of elimination of this ion from the patient.  
  
Treatment is essentially the same as that used in barbiturate poisoning: 1) gastric lavage, 2) correction of fluid and electrolyte imbalance and 3) regulation of kidney functioning. Urea, mannitol, and aminophylline all produce significant increases in lithium excretion. Hemodialysis is an effective and rapid means of removing the ion from the severely toxic patient. Infection prophylaxis, regular chest X-rays, and preservation of adequate respiration are essential.