anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Norepinephrine (NE) is recommended as first line vasopressor in septic shock. Besides increasing arterial tone and thus arterial pressure, NE improves cardiac output (CO) as a result of two main mechanisms: (i) the increase in venous return due to venoconstriction, in case of preload responsiveness, (ii) the improvement of coronary perfusion through augmentation of diastolic arterial pressure. Experimental data show that NE may incrase cardiac output by exerting also a direct β1-adrenergic stimulation on ventricular myocardial fibers. However, there are few clinical data dealing with the direct effect of NE administration on ventricular systolic function in human septic shock.

Our study aims to demonstrate that norepinephrine administration in early septic shock preload non-responder patients may improve left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral (LVOT-VTI), measured by trans-thoracic echocardiography (TTE). We will include patients requiring an increase of NE dose for clinical need according to treating physician's decision. For each enrolled patient we will record standard hemodynamic data and perform TTE before NE dosage change (T0). After the increase of NE infusion rate targeting clinical need, a second set (T1) of hemodynamic and TTE data will be obtained.

All TTE examinations will be performed by two experienced and certified clinicians according to current guidelines. After being acquired, all TTE data will be independently analyzed by both clinicians and averaged. LVOT-VTI will be measured in the left ventricular outflow tract on the apical five-chamber (A5C) view. Referring to available literature data, we expect a mean LVOT-VTI of about 18 cm in our patients and we will consider clinically relevant an increase of 15% in LVOT-VTI from T 0 to T 1. We calculated that at least 30 patients need to be enrolled considering an alpha of 0.05 and a power of 80%. The benefits deriving from this study lay in the possibility of improving the clinical understanding of septic shock derived hemodynamic derangements and of widening therapeutic perspectives. Such an information meets the increasing topical need to customize medical interventions, especially in the context of critically ill patients.
BACKGROUND: Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) is a heterogeneous disease entity. Limited data are available regarding its prevalence, clinical course, or prognosis. We aimed to evaluate the longitudinal clinical course of patients with PRISm compared with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
METHODS: A retrospective study enrolled PRISm and COPD patients who underwent chest computed tomography and longitudinal pulmonary function tests between January 2013 and December 2020. We compared the incidence of acute exacerbations and lung function changes between PRISm and COPD patients.
RESULTS: Of the 623 patients, 40 and 583 had PRISm and COPD, respectively. Compared to COPD patients, PRISm patients were younger, more likely to be female and have a history of tuberculosis, and less likely to be smokers. They also had less severe comorbidities, lower forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO). The clinical course was not significantly different between the PRISm and COPD patients in terms of the risk of moderate-to-severe acute exacerbations or proportion of frequent exacerbators. During follow-up, PRISm patients had a significantly slower annual decline of forced expiratory volume in 1 second, FVC, and DLCO than COPD patients.
CONCLUSION: PRISm patients had no significant difference in the risk of acute exacerbations, but a significantly slower decline of lung function during longitudinal follow-up, compared with COPD patients.
Sticker pads , size 160 mm2, were produced by a certified ISO 9001 manufacturer and contained 0.3% lavender oil and 0.7% ylang ylang oil. The sticker pad was attached to the shirts of healthy volunteers for 2 hours. The outcomes were evaluated before, during and 30 minutes after removal of the pad.
Objectives: To examine time-dependent functional and structural changes of the lower urinary tract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with or without low-dose insulin treatment and explore the pathophysiological characteristics of insulin therapy on lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) caused by diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: normal control (NC) group, 4 weeks insulin-treated DM (4-DI) group, 4 weeks DM (4-DM) group, 8 weeks insulin-treated DM (8-DI) group and 8 weeks DM (8-DM) group. DM was initially induced by i.p. injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg), and then the DI groups received subcutaneous implantation of insulin pellets under the mid dorsal skin. Voiding behavior was evaluated in metabolic cages. The function of bladder and urethra in vivo were evaluated by simultaneous recordings of the cystometrogram and urethral perfusion pressure (UPP) under urethane anesthesia. The function of bladder and urethra in vitro were tested by organ bath techniques. The morphologic changes of the bladder and urethra were investigated using Hematoxylin-Eosin and Masson's staining. Results: Both 4-and 8-weeks diabetic rats have altered micturition patterns, including increased 12-h urine volume, urinary frequency/12 hours and voided volume. In-vivo urodynamics showed the EUS bursting activity duration is longer in 4-DM group and shorter in 8-DM group compared to NC group. UPP change in 8-DM were significantly lower than NC group. While none of these changes were found between DI and NC groups. Organ bath showed the response to Carbachol and EFS in bladder smooth muscle per tissue weights was decreased significantly in 4- and 8-weeks DM groups compared with insulin-treated DM or NC groups. In contrast, the contraction of urethral muscle and maximum urethral muscle contraction per gram of the tissue to EFS stimulation were significantly increased in 4- and 8-weeks DM groups. The thickness of bladder smooth muscle was time-dependently increased, but the thickness of the urethral muscle had no difference. Conclusions: DM-induced LUTD is characterized by time-dependent functional and structural remodeling in the bladder and urethra, which shows the hypertrophy of the bladder smooth muscle, reduced urethral smooth muscle relaxation and EUS dysfunction. Low-dose insulin can protect against diuresis-induced bladder over-distention, preserve urethral relaxation and protect EUS bursting activity, which would be helpful to study the slow-onset, time-dependent progress of DM-induced LUTD.
Traditionally, all surgically removed appendices and gallbladders are sent to the department of pathology for histopathological examination. This is most likely not necessary in appendices and gallbladders that are not suspicious for a tumour when inspected visually or by palpation. If not detected by visual inspection or palpation, the tumour is usually of early stage and already treated with the resection of the organ. A policy of selective histopathological examination based on the intraoperative findings of the surgeon can probably reduce the amount of appendices and gallbladders that have to be examined by the pathologist, without a risk of undertreatment, with less risk of overtreatment and huge savings annually. In the FANCY study, a nationwide prospective multicenter observational cohort study, all appendices and gallbladders will be evaluated for tumours by visual inspection and palpation by the operating surgeon. The operating surgeon will report his or her findings and also write down whether he or she thinks there is an indication for histopathological examination. Subsequently, all specimens are sent to the pathologist for histopathological examination. Therefore, no aberrant findings will be missed due to this study. The prospective cohort can be compared through modelling to a hypothetical situation where appendices and gallbladders are only examined by the pathologist on indication. The primary outcome is the number of patients per 1000 examined appendices/gallbladders with a neoplasm requiring additional therapy benefitting the patient that would have been unnoticed in the policy of selective histopathological examination.
BACKGROUND: The molecular mechanisms of osteosarcoma (OS) are complex. In this study, we focused on the functions of melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM), methyltransferase 3 (METTL3) and insulin like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) in OS development.
METHODS: qRT-PCR assay and western blot assay were performed to determine mRNA and protein expression of MCAM, METTL3, IGF2BP1 and YY1. MTT assay and colony formation assay were conducted to assess cell proliferation. Cell apoptosis, invasion and migration were evaluated by flow cytometry analysis, transwell assay and wound-healing assay, respectively. Methylated RNA Immunoprecipitation (MeRIP), dual-luciferase reporter, Co-IP, RIP and ChIP assays were performed to analyze the relationships of MCAM, METTL3, IGF2BP1 and YY1. The functions of METTL3 and MCAM in tumor growth were explored through in vivo experiments.
RESULTS: MCAM was upregulated in OS, and MCAM overexpression promoted OS cell growth, invasion and migration and inhibited apoptosis. METTL3 and IGF2BP1 were demonstrated to mediate the m6A methylation of MCAM. Functionally, METTL3 or IGF2BP1 silencing inhibited OS cell progression, while MCAM overexpression ameliorated the effects. Transcription factor YY1 promoted the transcription level of METTL3 and regulated METTL3 expression in OS cells. Additionally, METTL3 deficiency suppressed tumor growth in vivo, while MCAM overexpression abated the effect.
CONCLUSION: YY1/METTL3/IGF2BP1/MCAM axis aggravated OS development, which might provide novel therapy targets for OS.
OBJECTIVE: Careful hematologic management is required in surgical patients with traumatic acute subdural hematoma (aSDH) taking antithrombotic medications. We sought to compare outcomes between patients with aSDH taking antithrombotic medications at admission who received antithrombotic reversal with patients with aSDH not taking antithrombotics.
METHODS: Retrospective review identified patients with traumatic aSDH requiring surgical evacuation. The cohort was divided based on antithrombotic use and whether pharmacologic reversal agents or platelet transfusions were administered. A 3-way comparison of outcomes was performed between patients taking anticoagulants who received pharmacologic reversal, patients taking antiplatelets who received platelet transfusion, and patients not taking antithrombotics. Multivariable regressions, adjusted for injury severity, further investigated associations with outcomes.
RESULTS: Of 138 patients who met inclusion criteria, 13.0% (n = 18) reported taking anticoagulants, 16.7% (n = 23) reported taking antiplatelets, and 3.6% (n = 5) reported taking both. Patients taking antiplatelets who received platelet transfusion had longer intraoperative times (P = 0.040) and higher rates of palliative care consultations (P = 0.046) compared with patients taking anticoagulants who received pharmacologic reversal and patients not taking antithrombotics. Across groups, no significant differences were found in frequency of in-hospital intracranial hemorrhage and venous thromboembolism, length of hospital stay, rate of inpatient mortality, or follow-up health status. In multivariable analysis, intraoperative time remained longest for the antiplatelets with platelet transfusion group. Other outcomes were not associated with patient group.
CONCLUSIONS: Among surgical patients with traumatic aSDH, those taking antiplatelet medications who receive platelet transfusions experience longer intraoperative procedure times and higher rates of palliative care consultation. Comparable outcomes were observed between patients receiving antithrombotic reversal and patients not taking antithrombotics.
PURPOSE:To prepare an oil in water type emulsion having uniform particle size and long-term stability by using a solvent dispersing and dissolving a surfactant at high concn. and the surfactant of which HLB is a definite value or more. CONSTITUTION:In preparing an oil in water type emulsion from an oily substance such as a medium and a higher fatty acid ester or the like, a solvent dissolving or dispersing a surfactant at high concn. such as formic acid or ethanol and a nonionic, an amphoteric and /or an ionic surfactant are used. In this case, the surfactant is dissolved and dispersed in the solvent at first and, after the obtained solution is stirred at a temp. higher than the m.p. or the softening point of the liquid or the pasty oily substance, said oily substance and water are emulsified. As the result, by using a small amount of the surfactant, the oil in water type emulsion having fine and uniform particle size as well as good long-term stability is obtained easily and inexpensively.
This review summarizes the current evidence in systematic reviews, meta-analysis and randomized controlled trials regarding adenotonsillectomy outcomes in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Adenotonsillectomy is effective in treating OSA in children without co-morbidities, despite postoperative residual OSA remained in roughly half of these children. For children with comorbidities such as Down syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, sickle cell disease, or cerebral palsy, adenotonsillectomy is less effective and associated with more postoperative complications than that in children without comorbidities. For other OSA-related outcomes, evidence from meta-analyses and randomized controlled trials confirm adenotonsillectomy results in improvement of subjective OSA-related outcomes (e.g. symptoms, behaviors, and quality of life), but the results in objective OSA-related outcomes (e.g. cardiometabolic parameters or neurocognitive functions) are inconsistent. Future studies should focus on randomized controlled trials comparing objective OSA-related outcomes and the long-term effects of adenotonsillectomy in children with OSA.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a mucosa regulating material for a dental use, which has a reduced eluting component from a material in use in the oral cavity, maintains initial flexibility within an ordinary period for use and does not cause deterioration of a denture base.  <P>SOLUTION: The mucosa regulating material for a dental use comprises a powder material composed of a (meth)acrylic noncrosslinked polymer powder such as polybutyl methacrylate, etc., having 0-60°C Tg as a main component and a liquid material composed of a liquid polymer having 1,000-10,000 mass-average molecular weight and ≤10% by mass of an oligomer having ≤500 molecular weight as a main component. When the mucosa regulating material is used, both the materials are mixed. Isopropyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, etc., are preferable as the material of the liquid polymer in terms of miscibility with the powder material. The liquid material has improved storage stability and operability by adding a water-soluble organic solvent to the liquid material and a crosslinked polymer powder and a noncrosslinked polymer having ≥60°C Tg and ≤1 μm average particle diameter to the powder material.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Moderate-to-severe systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by extensive autoantibody deposition and persistent autoinflammation. As the existing animal models are limited in accurately reproducing the pathological characteristics of human SLE, we introduced a novel animal model simulating multi-organ autoinflammation through intra-organ injections. The model closely mimicked key features of SLE, including IgG deposition, inflammation, and tissue damage. The model could be used to assess the roles of IgG, immune cells, cytokines, and Fc gamma receptor (FcγR) in the pathogenesis of autoinflammation. The results obtained from this model could be confirmed by lupus MRL/lpr mice. The review suggested that the diagnostic criteria should be reconsidered to incorporate IgG deposition in tissues and highlighted the limitations of current T-cell and B-cell-focused treatments. To summarize, the IgG deposition model can be used to investigate the pathogenesis and treatment of multi-organ tissue damage associated with SLE.
One cord blood unit will be thawed on day -14 before transplantation and selected using the CliniMACS for primitive cells that express CD133. These cells will be expanded ex vivo for a total of 14 days, using a two-stage procedure. On Day 0 the expanded cells will be harvested, washed three times with CliniMACS buffer (Miltenyi) plus 1% HSA per standard laboratory and clinical practice and the expanded cell product will be infused to a patient who has been prepared with a standard, myeloablative preparative regimen. A second, unexpanded, cord blood product will be infused on Day +1 for safety.
The MAP of the patient will be managed by the CLV system to avoid hypotension. The MAP target selected in the closed-loop system will be the patient's MAP target ( same target as patient's MAP value preoperatively). Then the closed-loop system will have to adjust norepinephrine infusion rate to keep that MAP value within 10% of patient's target.
Will be exposed to 60 minutes, held three times a week on alternate days. Pilates equipment used for the exercises are: Combo Chair, Cadillac Trapeze, Ladder Barrel, Reformer Universal, Step Barrel and Wall Unit. Will be selected for this study, 21 strengthening exercises and stretching to the main body segments. All exercises are performed in a series of ten repetitions with one minute interval between exercises. To determine the level of effort and consequently to changing loads, will be used verbal command according to the Borg CR10 scale. The level of effort will be maintained during the session heavy (Borg between 5 and 6).
The invention provides a method, a system and a computer program product to adjust an overall duration of a physical activity of a biological object. The physical activity is evaluated based on a physical activity parameter. The invention includes receiving: a target information (S1) corresponding to the physical activity parameter; the overall duration (S2) being a sum of a plurality of distributed time intervals; and a physical activity parameter information of the biological object. The physical activity parameter information is received (S4) for each distributed time interval. Thereafter, the corresponding distributed time interval is modified (S5) based on the received physical activity parameter information and the target information. Subsequently, a new overall duration (S8) of the physical activity is determined based on the modified distributed time interval and the received overall duration.
PURPOSE:To provide an anorectic containing 2-buten-4-olide or 3-(lower alkanoyloxy)butyric acid or its salt as an active component. CONSTITUTION:The objective anorectic can be produced by using 2-buten-4-olide of formula or 3-(lower alkanoyloxy)butyric acid (e.g. 3-n-butylyoxybutyric acid) or its salt as an active component. It can be administered orally or parenterally, however, oral administration is preferable. It is used in the form of tablet, pill, powder, capsule, granule, etc. In the case of parenteral administration, it can be administered in the form of injection or drip by using distilled water for injection, aqueous solution of glucose, etc. Furthermore, it can be administered as a suspension, dispersion or emulsion by using glycerol, propylene glycol, etc. Dose: 10-100mg/kg, preferably 30-50mg/kg daily.
The Endocrine Society defines male hypogonadism as a clinical syndrome that results from failure of the testis to produce physiological levels of testosterone (androgen deficiency) and the normal number of spermatozoa caused by disruption of one or more levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. It is characterized by low serum testosterone/ high LH/high FSH concentrations (primary hypogonadism) or low testosterone/low LH/low FSH (secondary hypogonadism). The main constellation of signs and symptoms may include erectile dysfunction , decreased libido and volume of ejaculation, decreased lean body mass with increased body fat, loss of body and facial hair, weakness, fatigue, anemia and decreased bone density. There is only little data from large cross-sectional studies that address the impact of hypogonadism on morbidity. However, some small studies have concluded that testosterone deficiency could lead to a higher prevalence of depression, osteoporosis, fracture and frailty . Hypogonadism defined as serum total testosterone level \<300 ng/dl has been shown to be related to decreased bone mineral density (BMD). Further review of the literature found various epidemiological studies in men that showed the associations between testosterone and estradiol levels and BMD. They found that estrogen has a major role in regulating bone resorption but both estrogen and testosterone play a role in maintaining bone formation. A recent published trial in 2017 also showed that testosterone replacement therapy in older men was associated with significant greater improvements in stair-climbing power, muscle mass and power. Similar studies found that deficiency of testosterone would lead to decrease in lean mass, muscle size and strength. Given that these two sex steroid hormones, testosterone and estrogen, play an important role in men and women, respectively, we also study their long-term effects in the transgender population once they were started on the opposite gender hormone and lack of their own endogenous production.
PURPOSE: Large language models (LLM) have recently attracted attention because of their enormous performance. Based on artificial intelligence, LLM enable dialogic communication using quasi-natural language that approximates the quality of human communication. Thus, LLM could play an important role for patients to become informed. To evaluate the validity of an LLM in providing medical information, we used one of the first high-performance LLM (ChatGPT) on the clinical example of acute lumbar disc herniation (LDH).
METHODS: Twenty-four spinal surgeons experienced in LDH surgery directed questions to ChatGPT about the clinical picture of LDH from a patient's perspective. They evaluated the quality of ChatGPT responses and its potential use in medical communication. The responses were compared with the information content of a standard informed consent form.
RESULTS: ChatGPT provided good results in terms of comprehensibility, specificity, and satisfaction of responses and in terms of medical accuracy and completeness. ChatGPT was not able to provide all the information that was provided in the informed consent form, but did communicate information that was not listed there. In some cases, albeit minor, ChatGPT made medically inaccurate claims, such as listing kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty as surgical options for LDH.
CONCLUSION: With the incipient use of artificial intelligence in communication, LLM will certainly become increasingly important to patients. Even if LLM are unlikely to play a role in clinical communication between physicians and patients at the moment, the opportunities-but also the risks-of this novel technology should be alertly monitored.