anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Tapentadol is a mu-opioid agonist and is a Schedule II controlled substance. Such drugs are sought by drug abusers and people with addiction disorders. Diversion of Schedule II products is an act subject to criminal penalty.

NUCYNTA® can be abused in a manner similar to other opioid agonists, legal or illicit. This should be considered when prescribing or dispensing NUCYNTA® in situations where the physician or pharmacist is concerned about an increased risk of misuse and abuse. Concerns about abuse and addiction should not prevent the proper management of pain. However, all patients treated with mu-opioid agonists require careful monitoring for signs of abuse and addiction, since use of mu-opioid agonist analgesic products carry the risk of addiction even under appropriate medical use [see Drug Abuse and Dependence (9.2)].

NUCYNTA® may be abused by crushing, chewing, snorting or injecting the product. These practices pose a significant risk to the abuser that could result in overdose and death [see Drug Abuse and Dependence (9)].
10 evaluable participants with suspected cerebral glioma on previous MRI who are due to undergo surgical resection or biopsy will be enrolled into the study. The patients invited to participate in the study will provide full consent, but will only undergo 18F-FPIA PET/MRI imaging once they have satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Once these have been satisfied, eligible participants will proceed to 18F-FPIA PET/MRI.

On the day of imaging the participants will undergo a blood test to measure plasma concentrations of carnitine. During the scan, a single dose of 18F-FPIA (maximum, 370 MBq) IV will be administered to the participant followed by a whole brain dynamic PET/MRI scan over 66 minutes. During the MRI sequences, the participant will receive an additional IV bolus of Gadolinium contrast medium administered through a peripheral venous cannula. Arterial blood sampling through a peripheral arterial line will be performed to determine the concentration of radiotracer within arterial plasma. All the participants that are enrolled into the study will undergo biopsy or surgical resection as part of their routine clinical care, from which their tumour grade will be confirmed; the Investigators will obtain tissue from these procedures to perform metabolomics, genomics and proteomics. Surgery or biopsy will be performed typically within 2 weeks but no later than 3 months.
While the pig industry is crucial in global meat consumption, accounting for 34% of total consumption, respiratory diseases in pigs can cause substantial economic losses to pig farms. To alleviate this issue, we propose an advanced audio-visual monitoring system for the early detection of coughing, a key symptom of respiratory diseases in pigs, that will enhance disease management and animal welfare. The proposed system is structured into three key modules: the cough sound detection (CSD) module, which detects coughing sounds using audio data; the pig object detection (POD) module, which identifies individual pigs in video footage; and the coughing pig detection (CPD) module, which pinpoints which pigs are coughing among the detected pigs. These modules, using a multimodal approach, detect coughs from continuous audio streams amidst background noise and accurately pinpoint specific pens or individual pigs as the source. This method enables continuous 24/7 monitoring, leading to efficient action and reduced human labor stress. It achieved a substantial detection accuracy of 0.95 on practical data, validating its feasibility and applicability. The potential to enhance farm management and animal welfare is shown through proposed early disease detection.
Embodiments described herein are directed to non-invasive detection of peripheral arterial disease. For example, a measuring apparatus is used to measure a patient's calf circumference. The measuring apparatus has text feature(s) or indicator(s) printed thereupon that indicate the likelihood that the patient has peripheral arterial disease based on the measured calf circumference. The assessment may be further refined by using a software application that assesses the likelihood of the patient having peripheral arterial disease using at least the calf circumference measurement, along with other information/data. Based on the assessment, a healthcare practitioner may prescribe a walking program for the patient to follow. A software application may track compliance of the walking program and provide escalating reminders to the patient if the patient continues to fail to comply with the prescribed walking program.
Three groups will participate in this study. Participants must be low dairy consumers (0-1 svgs/d) and do little to no structured physical activity at study entry. Each participant will be assigned to a group; one of two experimental groups or a control group. The two intervention groups will differ only in the amount of dairy consumed (4 svgs vs. 0-1 svg/d). Both will undergo the same exercise program (3x/wk) and will be counseled on healthy eating by a trained nutritionist-dietitian every month. The control group will be tested at the beginning and end of the study to help account for any growth-related changes during the study but will not receive any formal intervention. In each group, the investigators will assess body composition (muscle mass, fat mass, % body fat and regional fat mass) and bone (bone turnover markers). The investigators will also measure various metabolic and inflammatory markers, hormones as well as dietary intake, strength and fitness.

This study will determine whether increased intake of dairy products improve bone and body composition during a 12-week weight management intervention. The investigators expect the two groups participating in the intervention to show significant changes in body weight and body composition and greater gains in fitness compared to the control group. The investigators expect those consuming dairy to show greater improvements in body composition and bone health compared to those not consuming added dairy. The investigators also anticipate better vitamin D status and less whole-body inflammation in those consuming dairy. Both intervention groups should show improvements in fasting insulin, glucose and cholesterol.
The present invention provides a method to treat neurological disorders. The method includes, e.g., administering higher daily dosages of anti-depressant. The higher daily dosages result in an improved efficacy of the drug, the maintenance of a positive patient toleration, the maintenance of a positive patient safety profile (e.g., dose limiting toxicity), a suitable peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of drug, and/or a once-a-day (QD) as opposed to twice-a-day (BID) administration. Applicants have discovered that increased daily dosages anti-depressant that would normally evoke adverse effects can be administered without the negative patient tolerability (i.e., adverse reactions ) by escalating dosages over time. Such escalation dosages provide more efficacious amounts of anti-depressant than would otherwise be permitted. Similarly, higher levels of circulating drug are possible in patients by administering the compound in divided doses over the course of a day rather than once a day.
Patients should be instructed to take felodipine extended-release tablets whole and not to crush or chew the tablets. They should be told that mild gingival hyperplasia (gum swelling) has been reported. Good dental hygiene decreases its incidence and severity.

NOTE: As with many other drugs, certain advice to patients being treated with felodipine extended-release tablets is warranted. This information is intended to aid in the safe and effective use of this medication. It is not a disclosure of all possible adverse or intended effects.
AIM: There is significant practice variation with respect to the use of bowel preparation to reduce surgical site infection (SSI) following colon surgery. Although intravenous antibiotics + mechanical bowel preparation + oral antibiotics (IVA + MBP + OA) has been shown to be superior to IVA + MBP and IVA, there are insufficient high-quality data from randomized controlled trails (RCTs) that directly compare these options. This is an important question, because if IVA + OA has similar effectiveness to IVA + MBP + OA, mechanical bowel preparation can be safely omitted, and the associated side effects avoided. The aim of this work is to compare rates of SSI following IVA + OA + MBP (MBP) versus IVA + OA (OA) for elective colon surgery.
METHOD: This is a multicentre, parallel, two-arm, noninferiority RCT comparing IVA + OA + MBP versus IVA + OA. The primary outcome is the overall rate of SSI 30 days following surgery. Secondary outcomes are length of stay and 30-day emergency room visit and readmission rates. The planned sample size is 1062 subjects with four participating high-volume centres. Overall SSI rates 30 days following surgery between the treatment groups will be compared using a general linear model. Secondary outcomes will be analysed with linear regression for continuous outcomes, logistic regression for binary outcomes and modified Poisson regression for count data.
CONCLUSION: It is expected that IVA + OA will work similarly to IVA + MBP + OA and that this work will provide definitive evidence showing that MBP is not necessary to reduce SSI. This is highly relevant to both patients and physicians as it will have the potential to significantly change practice and outcomes following colon surgery in Canada and beyond.
There are very few trials on drug efficacy and safety treatment performed specifically for college students with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Although data based on the adult population can often be extrapolated and generalized to a college population, there are unique treatment demands for college students with ADHD that are not represented in day-to-day functioning of adults with ADHD. For example, although adults may be able to choose employment that capitalizes on their skill sets and tolerate ADHD-related deficits, all college students must manage intensive learning experiences in an environment that places unparalleled demands on higher order cognitive processes that are deficient with ADHD. In addition, it may be important to address the comorbidities that may be common among ADHD college students. This could range from eating disorders, depression or anxiety to alcoholism and drug abuse. For example, heavy drinking peaks in the college student years regardless of ADHD but the long-term course and underlying predispositions may be different among individuals with a history of ADHD (Molina et al., 2007). Although there are a few case studies, there are limited studies on ADHD and their comorbidities in college students perhaps because it may be a challenge to recruit a respectable sample size. Furthermore, it may be important to recognize that some college students never develop diagnosable ADHD symptoms as children, and that the signs may manifest themselves in a very harmful way during college when demands for academic rigor and organization reach their height. Given the juxtaposing conditions of academic demand, autonomy from parents, and increased opportunities for drug abuse, it becomes imperative to directly address treatment in this population. Much more research is left to be performed on this unique population of ADHD patients.
In clinical trials and worldwide postmarketing experience there were reports of BYSTOLIC overdose. The most common signs and symptoms associated with BYSTOLIC overdosage are bradycardia and hypotension. Other important adverse reactions reported with BYSTOLIC overdose include cardiac failure, dizziness, hypoglycemia, fatigue and vomiting. Other adverse reactions associated with β-blocker overdose include bronchospasm and heart block. 

The largest known ingestion of BYSTOLIC worldwide involved a patient who ingested up to 500 mg of BYSTOLIC along with several 100 mg tablets of acetylsalicylic acid in a suicide attempt. The patient experienced hyperhydrosis, pallor, depressed level of consciousness, hypokinesia, hypotension, sinus bradycardia, hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, respiratory failure and vomiting. The patient recovered. 

Because of extensive drug binding to plasma proteins, hemodialysis is not expected to enhance nebivolol clearance. 

If overdose occurs, provide general supportive and specific symptomatic treatment. Based on expected pharmacologic actions and recommendations for other β-blockers, consider the following general measures, including stopping BYSTOLIC, when clinically warranted: 

Bradycardia: Administer IV atropine. If the response is inadequate, isoproterenol or another agent with positive chronotropic properties may be given cautiously. Under some circumstances, transthoracic or transvenous pacemaker placement may be necessary. 

Hypotension: Administer IV fluids and vasopressors. Intravenous glucagon may be useful. 

Heart Block (second or third degree): Monitor and treat with isoproterenol infusion. Under some circumstances, transthoracic or transvenous pacemaker placement may be necessary. 

Congestive Heart Failure: Initiate therapy with digitalis glycoside and diuretics. In certain cases, consider the use of inotropic and vasodilating agents. 

Bronchospasm: Administer bronchodilator therapy such as a short acting inhaled β2-agonist and/or aminophylline. 

Hypoglycemia: Administer IV glucose. Repeated doses of IV glucose or possibly glucagon may be required. 

Supportive measures should continue until clinical stability is achieved. The half-life of low doses of nebivolol is 12-19 hours. 

Call the National Poison Control Center (800-222-1222) for the most current information on β-blocker overdose treatment.
The GMT intervention targets cognitive deficits in executive functioning that impact a person's ability to carry out daily tasks. Participants learn how to recognize and stop absentmindedness and automatic pilot and how to reduce daily errors and 'slips' through goal setting. The telephone-based GMT condition includes 7 sessions delivered over the phone for 10 weeks.
The child 1) learns to become more aware of any sensations, or urges that may trigger tics, and 2) learn some other behavior (competing response) to do every time he/she feels the urge to tic. The child's parent is trained to provide prompts and praise for use of the competing response. The parent and family also receive psychoeducation about tics, and learn ways to reduce the impact of environmental stimuli on tic severity. The child learns relaxation techniques to reduce stress and make it easier for him/her to resist his or her tics. Prior to treatment sessions, the parent and child spend about 10 minutes discussing with the therapist any problematic issues he/she is having. At the end of treatment sessions the child is assigned some tasks to practice prior to the next session.
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common systemic inflammatory disease resulting from the activation of trypsinogen by various incentives in ICU. The annual incidence rate is approximately 30 out of 100,000. Some patients may progress to severe acute pancreatitis, with a mortality rate of up to 40%. Therefore, the goal of this article is to explore the key genes for effective diagnosis and treatment of AP. The analysis data for this study were merged from two GEO datasets. 1357 DEGs were used for functional enrichment and cMAP analysis, aiming to reveal the pathogenic genes and potential mechanisms of AP, as well as potential drugs for treating AP. Importantly, the study used LASSO and SVM-RFE machine learning to screen the most likely AP occurrence biomarker for Prdx4 among numerous candidate genes. A receiver operating characteristic of Prdx4 was used to estimate the incidence of AP. The ssGSEA algorithm was employed to investigate immune cell infiltration in AP. The biomarker Prdx4 gene exhibited significant associations with a majority of immune cells and was identified as being expressed in NKT cells, macrophages, granulocytes, and B cells based on single-cell transcriptome data. Finally, we found an increase in Prdx4 expression in the pancreatic tissue of AP mice through immunohistochemistry. After treatment with recombinant Prdx4, the pathological damage to the pancreatic tissue of AP mice was relieved. In conclusion, our study identified Prdx4 as a potential AP hub gene, providing a new target for treatment.
1516698 Filtering blood BAXTER TRAVENOL LABORATORIES INC 2 Sept 1975 [3 Sept 1974 29 Jan 1975] 36017/75 Heading BID [Also in Division B8] An apparatus for collecting blood for use in obtaining a Factor VIII-rich cryoprecipitate therefrom comprises interconnected polyvinyl bags 10, 12, 14, bag 12 containing a filter 30 (e.g. open cell polyurethane foam) positioned over outlet 32. Each bag has a pair of outlets 26 closed by puncturable covers 28. In use blood from a patient is collected through tube 24 into bag 10. The tube 24 is sealed and the bag 10 is centrifuged. The diaphragm 42 of bag 10 is punctured by needle 44 and blood plasma is transferred to bag 12. The tube 16 is sealed and cut. The bags 12 and 14 are then cooled to freeze the blood plasma in bag 12. The diaphragm 42 of bag 12 is punctured and the plasma thawed. The thawed plasma is passed through filter 30 leaving a factor VIII-rich cryoprecipitate in bag 12. Precipitate may be removed from the filter 30 by washing with saline solution or by squeezing.
Subjects randomized to intervention arm will have a device applied to their thigh on either side, and subject to neuromuscular electrical stimulation for 30 minutes daily for 2 weeks, followed by pulmonary rehabilitation exercises delivered at home via a smart phone for an additional 10 weeks. Rehabilitation will involve aerobics, strength training as well as breathing exercises.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a lice-eradicating agent which can prevent phthiriasis caused by infection with lice by using a specific compound selected from naturally occurring compounds known as microbicidal agents or fungicides. SOLUTION: An alkali metal salt of undecylenic acid of the formula is used as an active ingredient. Sodium salt is particularly preferred as the active ingredient. This lice-eradicating agent may additionally contain a pharamacologically permissible carrier. The carrier may be solid or liquid. The content of the active ingredient in the eradicating agent is 2-20wt.%. When an ionic hydrophilic derivative of undecylenic acid is used in the form of an aqueous solution, not only adult lice but also eggs can be destroyed perfectly or almost perfectly.
OBJECTIVE: Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) are complex clinical manifestations and misdiagnosis as status epilepticus remains high, entailing deleterious consequences for patients. Video-electroencephalography (vEEG) remains the gold-standard method for diagnosing PNES. However, time and economic constraints limit access to vEEG, and clinicians lack fast and reliable screening tools to assist in the differential diagnosis with epileptic seizures (ES). This study aimed to design and validate the PNES-DSC, a clinically based PNES diagnostic suspicion checklist with adequate sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) to discriminate PNES from ES.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study with 125 patients (n = 104 drug-resistant epilepsy; n = 21 PNES) admitted for a vEEG protocolised study of seizures. A preliminary PNES-DSC (16-item) was designed and used by expert raters blinded to the definitive diagnosis to evaluate the seizure video recordings for each patient. Cohen's kappa coefficient, leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) and balance accuracy (BAC) comprised the main validation analysis.
RESULTS: The final PNES-DSC is a 6-item checklist that requires only two to be present to confirm the suspicion of PNES. The LOOCV showed 71.4% BAC (Se = 45.2%; Sp = 97.6%) when the expert rater watched one seizure video recording and 83.4% BAC (Se = 69.6%; Sp = 97.2%) when the expert rater watched two seizure video recordings.
CONCLUSION: The PNES-DSC is a straightforward checklist with adequate psychometric properties. With an integrative approach and appropriate patient history, the PNES-DSC can assist clinicians in expediting the final diagnosis of PNES when vEEG is limited. The PNES-DSC can also be used in the absence of patients, allowing clinicians to assess seizure recordings from smartphones.
The control group consists of NAs that work on a 40-bed medicine unit, staffed with 39 nurses (1:6 ratio) and 26 NA (1:8 ratio), that primarily cohorts older patients with geriatric syndromes. All components of the intervention arm are the same with the exception of the PES staff. The control arm (NAs) will receive the same training as the intervention arm.
NEW MATERIAL:The compound of formula I (R1 and R2 are H, lower alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, amino, etc.; R3 and R4 are lower alkyl or together with N form 1-pyrrolidino or piperidino) and its pharmacologically permissible acid addition salt. EXAMPLE:N-[4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]benzyl]-4-fluorobenzamide. USE:An enterokinesis activation agent. PREPARATION:The compound of formula I can be produced by converting a compound of formula II into its reactive derivative and reacting with a compound of formula III in the presence or absence of a base (e.g. pyridine or triethylamine) in an inert organic solvent (e.g. benzene or THF) at a temperature between 0 deg.C and the refluxing temperature of the solvent.
Stable aqueous dispersions of bacterial lipoids are prepared by dissolving the highly purified lipoid in an organic solvent which is a good solvent for the lipoid, is miscible in practically any proportion with water and is non-toxic and/or volatilizes readily and completely from a water mixture on heating, diluting the resulting solution with water and distilling by change of pressure and/or temperature until the organic solvent is removed any water lost being replaced from time to time.  Suitable solvents are tertiary amines, e.g. pyridine and other pyridine bases, e.g. a - or g -picoline, triethylamine, secondary amines, e.g. piperidine, diethylamine. Specified lipoids are those obtained from the lipopolysaccharides from E. coli, Pneumococci and Coli, e.g. by acid hydrolysis and purification, e.g. by the method disclosed in Specification 899,559. The dispersions may also contain water-soluble wetting agents, e.g. polyoxyalkylene derivatives of long-chain mono-fatty acids of sorbitol, and (preferred) oligosaccharides especially low molecular weight dextrans, preservatives and isotonisation agents of low molecular weight and low polarity, e.g. cane sugar.  Specification 725,938 also is referred to.
This invention identifies a novel class of compounds to act as tissue sensitizing agents. The cryosensitizing agents may include vitamins such as Vitamin D3 or cell stress response modulators such as TRAIL, alone or in combination, including each of their natural or synthetic derivatives and/or analogs. While the cryosensitizing agents act as adjuvants to effect precision in cryotherapeutic procedures, the agents are minimally toxic to non-targeted tissues as well as the patient as a whole. This allows for complete target tissue ablation, including cancerous and benign tumors, within the iceball formation. The molecular agents can be an injectable, implantable, liquid, semisolid, or solid that is non-toxic to cells, tissues, and organs at normal body temperature and become toxic when used simultaneously, pre-treatment and/or post-treatment, at subfreezing temperatures. The present invention will increase the ablative capacity of cryosurgery especially at elevated subfreezing temperatures and improve damage associated with post-thaw apoptosis and necrosis.