anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
1-(pyrid-4-ylamino)-indole (I), its salts and derivatives convertible to (I) in vivo are used to prepare a composition for treating symptoms of irritation of the bladder. An independent claim is included for the use of indole derivatives of formula (II) and their salts, to prepare a composition for treating symptoms of irritation of the bladder. R = group convertible into hydrogen by biotransformation. [Image] ACTIVITY : Uropathic. MECHANISM OF ACTION : (I) acts on the afferent pathway, reducing the frequency of contractions in the isolated bladder but not altering the maximum pressure of these contractions. (I) was tested using rat bladder model described in . (I), infused as a solution in saline, caused a dose-dependent reduction in the number of bladder contractions, e.g. at a dose of 3.5 mg/kg it reduced the number of contractions to 15% of that in a control. This concentration had no significant effect on the maximum pressure of those isovolumetric, rhythmic contractions that were not inhibited.
Participants with moderate to severe Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who had received RoActemra \[Tocilizumab (TCZ)\] treatment for 6 months prior to initiation of study and are inadequate responders to Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) and anti-Tumor Necrosis Factors (anti-TNFs) agents were observed. Participants received treatment with TCZ with dose of 8 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) body weight, intravenously once every 4 weeks for 12 months according to European Union (EU) approved dosage, and Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC).
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer in the world and the most common primary liver cancer. There are a variety of therapies for treatment of HCC; among them, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is one of the most commonly used treatment modalities. TACE induces ischemic tumor necrosis by obstruction of hepatic artery blood flow and exerts an anticancer effect via chemotherapeutic agents such as adriamycin or cisplatin mixed with Lipiodol. In the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) guidelines for the management of HCC, TACE is recommended for patients with intermediate-stage HCC according to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system, because TACE was found to improve survival compared with the best supportive care in patients with unresectable HCC. Although TACE is the established standard of care only for intermediate-stage HCC, in recent years, TACE has been used widely even in treatment of advanced-stage HCC. The most frequent side effects of TACE are fever, nausea, and abdominal pain, and these side effects are self-limiting in the majority of patients. However, acute deterioration of hepatic function following TACE is a potentially life-threatening complication that occasionally interferes with continuation of TACE in patients with HCC. Although TACE has marked direct antitumor effects, it can also result in more complications than conservative management, because the ischemic damage caused by TACE can influence not only tumor tissue but non-tumorous liver tissue.This study aimed to evaluate the effect of SNMC on acute deterioration of hepatic function following TACE.
Scopolamine transdermal system is designed for continuous release of scopolamine following application to an area of intact skin on the head, behind the ear. Each system contains 1.28 mg of scopolamine base. Scopolamine is (9-methyl-3-oxa-9-azatricyclo[3.3.1.02,4]nonan-7-yl) 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate. The molecular formula is C17H21NO4 and its structural formula is:  


Scopolamine has a molecular weight of 303.35 and a pKa of 7.55 to 7.81. The scopolamine transdermal system is a circular, 0.1 mm thick, 2.13 cm2 film with two layers. Proceeding from the visible surface towards the surface attached to the skin, these layers are: (1) a backing layer composed of a tan colored, pigmented, flexible film consisting of a polyethylene outer layer and a metalized polyester inner layer; (2) an adhesive matrix of the drug substance scopolamine, acrylic adhesive solution, isopropyl myristate, and oleyl alcohol. A release liner which protects the adhesive matrix layer during storage should be removed immediately prior to application.

Cross section of the system:
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a composition composed of galenical extracts having internal detoxication action on a poison, such as nicotine and dioxins, which are representative poisonous substances at the present time.  <P>SOLUTION: This composition is composed of extracts of Glycine max Merrill, Taraxacum mongolicum, and Lonicerae flos having decomposing effects on the nicotine and the dioxins in the body. The composition may further contain one or more extracts of galenicals selected from the group consisting of Saururus chinensis, Cassia obtusifolia, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis. When mice are subjected to abdominal injection with the nicotine of a lethal dose, a treated group of the mice to which the composition is administered shows that a paralysis starting time is more delayed, a paroxysmal retention time is more decreased, and a survival ratio becomes higher than those of a control group of the mice which only take ordinary feed, and therefore a high detoxication effect is produced on the treated group. Further, it is clarified that ingestion of the composition makes changes in clinical indices caused by the dioxins return to approximately normal numerical values with regard to clinical numerical values capable of analyzing functions of blood, liver, pancreas, kidney, and heart, when rats which are induced to suffer from acute toxication by the dioxins (TCDD) are tested.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
One child and parent dyad will be tested for COVID-19 using the ASU saliva test as part of back-to-ECE safely programming. All sites will receive this condition.
All patients will receive 4 echocardiograms and 4 blood draws. The blood draws and echocardiograms will occur at the same visits.
Glomerella leaf spot (GLS), caused by Colletotrichum fructicola (Cf), has been one of the main fungal diseases afflicting apple-producing areas across the world for many years, and it has led to substantial reductions in apple output and quality. HD-Zip transcription factors have been identified in several species, and they are involved in the immune response of plants to various types of biotic stress. In this study, inoculation of MdHB-7 overexpressing (MdHB-7-OE) and interference (MdHB-7-RNAi) transgenic plants with Cf revealed that MdHB-7, which encodes an HD-Zip transcription factor, adversely affects GLS resistance. The SA content and the expression of SA pathway-related genes were lower in MdHB-7-OE plants than in 'GL-3' plants; the content of ABA and the expression of ABA biosynthesis genes were higher in MdHB-7-OE plants than in 'GL-3' plants. Further analysis indicated that the content of phenolics and chitinase and β-1, 3 glucanase activities were lower and H2O2 accumulation was higher in MdHB-7-OE plants than in 'GL-3' plants. The opposite patterns were observed in MdHB-7-RNAi apple plants. Overall, our results indicate that MdHB-7 plays a negative role in regulating defense against GLS in apple, which is likely achieved by altering the content of SA, ABA, polyphenols, the activities of defense-related enzymes, and the content of H2O2.
BACKGROUND: Systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) has been recognized as a novel inflammatory indicator in numerous diseases. It remains unknown how SII affects all-cause mortality among patients with osteoarthritis (OA). In this prospective cohort study, we intended to examine the relationship of SII with all-cause mortality among OA populations and assess the interaction between depression and SII.
METHODS: Data was collected from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2005-2018. The National Death Index (NDI) provided vital status records. Multivariable Cox regression analyses with cubic spines were applied to estimate the association between SII and all-cause and CVD mortality. Stratified analysis and interaction tests assessed the interaction of SII and depression on all-cause mortality.
RESULTS: In total 3174 OA adults were included. The lowest quartile Q1 (HR:1.44, 95%CI:1.02-2.04) and highest quartile Q4 (HR:1.44, 95%CI:1.02-2.04) of SII presented a higher risk of death compared with those in second quartile Q2 (Ref.) and third quartile Q3 (HR:1.23, 95%CI:0.89-1.68. Restricted cubic splines analysis revealed a U-shaped association of SII with all-cause mortality, the inflection points were 412.93 × 109/L. The interaction test observed a more significant relationship of SII with all-cause mortality in depression patients than in non-depression patients, indicating that depression can modify this association.
LIMITATIONS: First, the observational study design failed to make causal inferences. Second, the baseline SII cannot reflect the long-term level of inflammation. Finally, there may be potential bias.
CONCLUSION: SII was U-shaped associated with all-cause mortality in OA patients, and this association was significantly heightened by depression.
The participant will receive both PDF and video materials involving psychoeducational materials on trauma and safety behaviors. The participant will then be instructed to start the trauma video clip exposures. There will be six 3-minute video exposure trials with an inter-trial interval of 2 minutes, during which participants will complete ratings of (a) peak subjective distress during the trauma-videoclip; (b) anticipated subjective distress for the next trial; and (c) level of confidence for coping with their own trauma memory should it become activated.
The invention provides a method for detecting the presence of a pathogen in a specimen. The method comprises contacting a lysate of the specimen with a capture probe immobilized on a substrate. The lysate can be prepared rapidly from a clinical specimen, obviating the need for specimen culture or bacterial purification prior to assay. The capture probe comprises a first oligonucleotide that specifically hybridizes with a first nucleic acid sequence of the pathogen to be detected. The lysate has been brought into contact with a detector probe that comprises a detectably labeled oligonucleotide that specifically hybridizes with a second nucleic acid sequence of the pathogen. Detection of the second detectable label complexed with the substrate is indicative of the presence of the corresponding pathogen. Variations of the method that optimize detection are described. Also provided are probes and kits for use in the method.
Course 1 and 3: Patients receive induction therapy comprising rituximab IV on day 1; cyclophosphamide IV over 3 hours every 12 hours on days 2-4; doxorubicin hydrochloride IV over 72 hours on days 5-7; vincristine sulfate IV on days 5 and 12; and dexamethasone IV or orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 2-5 and 12-15. Patients with responsive disease after course 1 proceed to course 2. Course 2 and 4: Patients receive rituximab IV on day 1; methotrexate IV over 2-22 hours on day 2; cytarabine IV over 2 hours every 12 hours on days 3-4; and leucovorin calcium PO or IV on days 3-6. Patients then undergo stem cell collection after completion of course 2. Patients undergo stem cell collection after completion of course 2.
Intraoperative blood loss management is a critical concern in orthopaedic surgeries, particularly in trauma and complex elective procedures. Traditionally, allogeneic blood transfusions have been used to manage significant blood loss, but they carry risks such as transfusion reactions, infections, and increased healthcare costs. Cell salvage, or autotransfusion, offers a safer alternative by collecting, processing, and reinfusing the patient's own blood during surgery. This article explores recent trends in the use of cell salvage in orthopaedic trauma and elective surgeries, highlighting its growing adoption in high-blood-loss procedures such as pelvic fractures, long bone injuries, and revision arthroplasties. We discuss the indications, including use in patients with rare blood types, religious objections to donor blood, and pre-existing anaemia. The advantages of cell salvage, such as reducing dependency on allogeneic transfusions, minimizing transfusion reactions, and providing cost-effectiveness, are weighed against its limitations, including high initial costs, contraindications in certain procedures, and the need for specialized training. Recent advances in cell salvage technology, which enhance the safety and efficiency of the process, are also examined. As orthopaedic practices evolve toward more patient-centered, cost-effective care, the role of cell salvage is expected to grow, making it a valuable tool in modern blood management strategies.
NEW MATERIAL:The monoclonal antibody EZ-2 belonging to 1gM class, exhibiting antigen-antibody reaction with antigen existing human esophageal cancer and having the following properties. (1) Reactive with human esophageal cancer. (2) Reactive weakly with the intestinal epithelium of human fetus. (3) Non-reactive with the normal tissue of the human esophageal mucosa, stomach, erythrocyte and peripheral blood lymphocyte. USE:Diagnosis of esophageal cancer. PREPARATION:An animal such as mouse, rat, etc., is immunized e.g. with human esophageal cancer cell, and an antibody-producing cell is collected from the immunized animal. The cell is fused with a myeloma cell, the fused cell is cloned, a fused cell capable of producing an antibody against human esophageal cancer is selected, and the cell is cultured to recover the objective antibody.
Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide is a brain-gut neuropeptide that has been implicated in a range of physiological functions including appetite, which is disturbed during chemotherapy. The aims of the present study were to identify the distribution and expression of CART mRNA and CART peptide, and to examine the potential of CART (55-102) to attenuate cisplatin-induced emesis in Suncus murinus. CART mRNA and peptide were detected throughout the entire brain, including the forebrain, hypothalamus, and brainstem, and also in the gut wall and stomach. In conscious, freely moving animals, intracerebroventricular administration of CART (55-102) did not modulate food and water intake or alter locomotor activity when administered alone. Cisplatin induced emesis and upregulated the expression of CART mRNA in the brainstem. However, CART (55-102) reduced the number of cisplatin-induced retches. Both CART (55-102) and cisplatin increased the number of c-Fos positive cells in the nucleus tractus solitarius, lateral hypothalamus, paraventricular hypothalamus, and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), compared to saline-treated animals, whereas cisplatin also induced c-Fos expression in the area postrema (AP), arcuate nucleus, and central nucleus of the amygdala. Pre-treatment with CART (55-102) significantly attenuated the increased c-Fos positive cells in the BNST and AP. These data indicate that CART mRNA and peptide were localized to regions involved in reward/enforcement, emotion, feeding and emesis. The anti-emetic effect of CART (55-102) against cisplatin-induced emesis may involve both the forebrain limbic system and the brainstem.
Metabolism, including glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, and other metabolic pathways, impacts the phenotypes and functions of immune cells. The metabolic regulation of the immune system is important in the pathogenesis and progression of numerous diseases, such as cancers, autoimmune diseases and metabolic diseases. The concept of immunometabolism was introduced over a decade ago to elucidate the intricate interplay between metabolism and immunity. The definition of immunometabolism has expanded from chronic low-grade inflammation in metabolic diseases to metabolic reprogramming of immune cells in various diseases. With immunometabolism being proposed and developed, the metabolic regulation of the immune system can be gradually summarized and becomes more and more clearer. In the context of many diseases including cancer, autoimmune diseases, metabolic diseases, and many other disease, metabolic reprogramming occurs in immune cells inducing proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects. The phenotypic and functional changes of immune cells caused by metabolic regulation further affect and development of diseases. Based on experimental results, targeting cellular metabolism of immune cells becomes a promising therapy. In this review, we focus on immune cells to introduce their metabolic pathways and metabolic reprogramming, and summarize how these metabolic pathways affect immune effects in the context of diseases. We thoroughly explore targets and treatments based on immunometabolism in existing studies. The challenges of translating experimental results into clinical applications in the field of immunometabolism are also summarized. We believe that a better understanding of immune regulation in health and diseases will improve the management of most diseases.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex degenerative disease of the central nervous system, and elucidating its pathogenesis remains challenging. In this study, we used the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) model as the major analysis method to perform hypothesis-free Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis on the data from MRC IEU OpenGWAS (18,097 exposure traits and 16 AD outcome traits), and conducted sensitivity analysis with six models, to assess the robustness of the IVW results, to identify various classes of risk or protective factors for AD, early-onset AD, and late-onset AD. We generated 400,274 data entries in total, among which the major analysis method of the IVW model consists of 73,129 records with 4840 exposure traits, which fall into 10 categories: Disease, Medical laboratory science, Imaging, Anthropometric, Treatment, Molecular trait, Gut microbiota, Past history, Family history, and Lifestyle trait. More importantly, a freely accessed online platform called MRAD (https://gwasmrad.com/mrad/) has been developed using the Shiny package with MR analysis results. Additionally, novel potential AD therapeutic targets (CD33, TBCA, VPS29, GNAI3, PSME1) are identified, among which CD33 was positively associated with the main outcome traits of AD, as well as with both EOAD and LOAD. TBCA and VPS29 were negatively associated with the main outcome traits of AD, as well as with both EOAD and LOAD. GNAI3 and PSME1 were negatively associated with the main outcome traits of AD, as well as with LOAD, but had no significant causal association with EOAD. The findings of our research advance our understanding of the etiology of AD.
BACKGROUND: Vaccine hesitancy among young Chinese remains a challenge, contributing to low vaccination rates for the nonavalent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. This study evaluated the knowledge and acceptance of this vaccine among students at a southern Chinese university and identified factors influencing these outcomes.
METHODS: This cross-sectional, anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted from April to November 2023 at a multi-campus university in southern China. The questionnaire was comprised of three sections: the first collected demographic data; the second evaluated students' knowledge of the nonavalent HPV vaccine on a scale from 0 to 15, with cut-off points at 5 and 10 delineating low, medium, and high knowledge levels, respectively; the third section assessed vaccine acceptance on a scale from 8 to 40, using scores above the 50th percentile as the benchmark for positive acceptance.
RESULTS: Among the participants, 18% demonstrated low-level, 40.20% medium-level, and 41.70% high-level knowledge of the nonavalent HPV vaccine. Notably, 71.95% of respondents showed positive acceptance, whereas 28.05% expressed negative acceptance. Male students and those with lower economic conditions (monthly living expenses below 1000 RMB, P = 0.004; 1000-1499 RMB, P = 0.012) exhibited lower knowledge levels. As for acceptance, female students and those with higher monthly living expenses (1000-1499 RMB, P = 0.007; 1500-1999 RMB, P = 0.002; over 2000 RMB, P = 0.002) demonstrated greater vaccine acceptance. A positive correlation was noted between the level of knowledge and vaccine acceptance (rs = 0.256, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Gender and economic status are significantly associated with nonavalent HPV vaccine knowledge and acceptance among university students. These findings highlight the potential impact of targeted educational initiatives, especially for economically disadvantaged male students, in enhancing vaccine uptake rates.
Stroke is the main cause of adult health damage. 20% of stroke survivors need institutional care after 3 months, and up to 30% of them have severe or permanent disability. Stem cells are a kind of pluripotent cells with the ability of self replication. The self-renewal and differentiation characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells, as well as cytokine secretion effect and immune characteristics, provide the possibility for mesenchymal stem cells to treat ischemic stroke. After the infusion of mesenchymal stem cells, the secretion of soluble media including growth factors and cytokines may be the main mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and tolerance of intravenous injection of ischemia tolerant human allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in patients with ischemic stroke. The secondary objective was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of ischemic tolerant human allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke patients with neurological dysfunction.
OBJECTIVE: Purpose of this research was to examine the onset, progression and wear rates of dental erosion in an established mouse model.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Dental erosion in mice was experimentally induced, and the acidic effects of cola drink on their teeth after 2, 4 and 6-weeks were closely analysed by scanning electron microscopy. The tooth height and enamel or dentin loss were established.  Results: The dental erosion on the molars showed clear progression from 2 to 6 weeks. By the 2-week mark, a significant portion of enamel was already eroded, revealing the dentin on the lingual cusps. When adjusted for attritional wear, molars exposed to cola for 2 weeks showed a 35% drop in lingual tooth height compared to controls (533 μm vs. 818 μm). At 4 and 6 weeks, the cola-exposed group continued to display decreased lingual tooth heights by 40% (476 μm vs. 799 μm) and 43% (440 μm vs. 767 μm), respectively.
CONCLUSION: This study revealed significant acidic effects of cola drink on mouse molars as early as 2 weeks. These findings highlight the challenge of monitoring dental erosion clinically and underscore the importance of early preventive and intervention measures.
Alveolar ridge resorption after tooth extraction poses a substantial obstacle for subsequent implant placement, frequently necessitating ridge augmentation treatments. Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) is intended to reduce these dimensional alterations. Various grafting materials have been used for ARP, with varying success rates in maintaining ridge dimensions. This study compares the clinical and radiological outcomes of a composite graft plug of bioactive resorbable calcium apatite crystals embedded in a collagen matrix to a typical allograft.

This randomized controlled clinical experiment comprised 26 people needing a single-rooted tooth extracted. They were divided into two groups: composite plug and allograft. Clinical measures of soft tissue were collected at baseline and four months after extraction using a stent with reference points. At baseline and four months after extraction, radiographic examinations were performed using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).