anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Prevention of pediatric obesity and its complications are U.S. public health priorities. Promoting physical activity has been proposed as an intervention strategy. Apart from reducing excessive weight, physical activity improves cardiovascular fitness, insulin sensitivity, and academic performance. However, emerging evidence in adults suggests that increased physical activity may not entirely counteract the negative health effects of a sedentary lifestyle.

Sedentary behavior is defined as a set of low-intensity activities involving limited body movement (e.g.: TV viewing, prolonged sitting). TV viewing is associated with lower cognitive functioning and depressive symptoms. Some studies found higher levels of childhood sedentary behavior predicted higher body mass index (BMI) and cholesterol in adulthood, suggesting that negative health consequences may begin early. Dunstan et al. conducted the first lab-based study in adults investigating interrupting prolonged sedentary behavior with physical activity breaks. The authors found that for overweight adults, adding 2-minute moderate-intensity walking breaks every 20 minutes reduced postprandial insulin and glucose responses by 23.0% and 29.6%, respectively. Thus, interrupting sedentary behavior may be an intervention strategy to reduce health risks.

In children, cross-sectional observational studies indicate that sedentary behavior patterns characterized by short bouts of activity are not associated with increased cardiometabolic risk. However to date, no in-lab studies have manipulated sedentary behavior in children. Therefore, we propose to conduct a randomized crossover pilot feasibility study to assess whether interrupting sedentary behavior influences metabolic and executive function, attention, mood, anxiety, and dietary intake. Children, ages 7-11 years, will complete two conditions in random order: 3 hours of prolonged sitting and 3 hours of sitting interrupted with 3 minutes of moderate-intensity walking every 30 minutes. The specific aim of this project is to investigate whether interrupting sedentary behavior improves metabolic parameters and changes executive function, attention, mood, anxiety, and dietary intake. The primary hypothesis is that postprandial insulin incremental area under the curve (iAUC) will be lower in the interrupted sitting vs. the prolonged sitting condition. The exploratory secondary hypotheses are that glucose iAUC, executive function, attention, mood, anxiety, and dietary intake will differ between the two conditions.

This project will investigate if interrupting sedentary time affects potential negative health consequences of sedentary behavior in children. If interrupting sedentary time in short bouts has beneficial effects among children, interventions examining the frequency, duration, and intensity of such interruptions could be developed. Thus, these results have the potential to provide insight into novel behavioral intervention targets in youth.
The World Health Organization (WHO) Intersectoral Global Action Plan on Epilepsy and Other Neurological Disorders was developed by WHO to address the worldwide challenges and gaps in provision of care and services for people with epilepsy and other neurological disorders and to ensure a comprehensive, coordinated response across sectors to the burden of neurologic diseases and to promote brain health across life-course. Headache disorders constitute the second most burdensome of all neurological diseases after stroke, but the first if young and midlife adults are taken into account. Despite the availability of a range of treatments, disability associated with headache disorders, and with migraine, remains very high. In addition, there are inequalities between high-income and low and middle income countries in access to medical care. In line with several brain health initiatives following the WHOiGAP resolution, herein we tailor the main pillars of the action plan to headache disorders: (1) raising policy prioritization and strengthen governance; (2) providing effective, timely and responsive diagnosis, treatment and care; (3) implementing strategies for promotion and prevention; (4) fostering research and innovation and strengthen information systems. Specific targets for future policy actions are proposed. The Global Action Plan triggered a revolution in neurology, not only by increasing public awareness of brain disorders and brain health but also by boosting the number of neurologists in training, raising research funding and making neurology a public health priority for policy makers. Reducing the burden of headache disorders will not only improve the quality of life and wellbeing of people with headache but also reduce the burden of neurological disorders increasing global brain health and, thus, global population health.
This study will be conducted using a phase I/II trial design to assess the efficacy and safety of the CTLA-4 and PD-1 antibodies expressing EGFR-CAR-T for patients with EGFR positive advanced recurrent or refractory malignant solid tumors. EGFR-CAR-T can specificly and effectively kill the EGFR positive cancer cells, CTLA-4 and PD-1 antibodies are secreted from the CAR-T cells could improve immunosuppression microenvironment, new CAR-T cells contain the advantages of CAR-T and immune checkpoint inhibitor, which is a promising therapeutic method for advanced solid tumors.

The new CAR-T therapy is applied to clinical practice as bellow. T cells are prepared from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by leukapheresis, then activated and engineered to express CTLA-4 and PD-1 antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor targeting EGFR. Cells are proliferated in culture and returned to the patients by venous transfusion therapy. A total of 40 patients may be enrolled in the study. The total duration of the study is expected to be approximately 24 months.
The study included 40 patients with diagnosis of COVID-19 requiring central venous catheter during treatment in the ward. The patients were randomly allocated to one of the two protective equipment groups and, then, randomly assigned to one of the five clinicians. Group P\&A had both personal protective equipment (PPE) and AB used, while Group P included patients where PPE was used alone. Clinicians completed a survey after performing the procedure to evaluate the use of the aerosol box. Collected data of the procedures and patients, were analyzed. In addition, survey data were evaluated.
The present invention relates to methods and compositions for the treatment of diseases with STING agonists. As described hereinafter, STING activation can be modulated to induce local versus systemic immune activation. At lower doses, intratumoral dosing of STING agonists can produce a robust tumor-specific T-cell response capable of ablating a target tumor at a site distal to the STING agonist administration. At higher doses, the distal anti-tumor response is reduced, and ablation of tumor-draining lymph nodes is observed. It is possible to inhibit this ablation of the tumor-draining lymph nodes by co-administration of a TNF antagonist. This co-administration of STING agonists and TNF antagonists can permit the administration of either increased concentrations of STING agonist or STING agonists having greater activity, while maintaining effective tumor control and generation of an anti-tumor adaptive immune response.
OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to assess the efficacy of golimumab (GLM) in patients with poor prognostic factors (PPFs).
METHODS: This is a post hoc analysis of GO-FORTH Phase 2/3 study. Cluster analysis was used to determine a patient population with high-risk patterns based on seven PPFs suggested by the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology recommendations and limited physical function. Radiographic progression, disease activity, and physical function and associated factors were evaluated over 52 weeks.
RESULTS: Overall, 261 rheumatoid arthritis patients were classified into three clusters characterised by high disease activity, high C-reactive protein levels, and limited physical function at baseline. GLM showed suppression of progressive modified total sharp score and decreases in Disease Activity Score 28-joint counts with erythrocyte sedimentation rate and Health Assessment Questionnaire - Disease Index, in all the clusters. In Cluster C that showed almost all the PPF characteristics, a higher rate of change in modified total sharp score ≤0 was observed in GLM 100 mg group than in GLM 50 mg group (63.9% versus 46.5%). C-reactive protein concentration and physical limitation were associated with radiographic progression of Cluster C in GLM treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: GLM was effective in rheumatoid arthritis patients in a subpopulation at high risk of PPF in GO-FORTH study. A dose of 100 mg may be more beneficial in preventing radiographic progression in this population.
JNJ-73763989 is a liver-targeted antiviral therapeutic for subcutaneous injection designed to treat chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection via a ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) mechanism. JNJ-64300535 is a DNA vaccine encoding the core protein and the Polymerase (Pol) protein of HBV. The therapeutic vaccine aims at inducing T-cell-specific immunity against HBV antigens in participants with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Selected nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) used in this study are approved treatments of chronic HBV infection. This study is designed to assess efficacy, safety, and tolerability of a 24-week (Day 1 to Week 24) combination treatment with JNJ-73763989 + NA + JNJ-64300535. The study consists of a Screening phase (4 weeks), Treatment period with JNJ-73763989, NA and JNJ-64300535 (187 days), and a follow-up period (FU Week 1 till FO Week 48). Safety will be assessed by adverse events (AEs), clinical safety laboratory assessments, electrocardiograms (ECGs), vital signs and physical examinations. The total duration of the study is up to 88 weeks (including 4 weeks of screening).
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a disturbing skin condition often severely detrimental to quality of life. Haematological markers of inflammation such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte may be used in the assessment of inflammatory skin diseases. Their usefulness in urticaria is unknown. Neutrophil- to-lymphocyte, platelet-to-lymphocyte, and total serum IgE were investigated in urticaria patients: acute spontaneous urticaria (ASU) versus CSU, children versus adults with CSU, and patients with mild-to-moderate versus severe CSU. This retrospective cohort study included patients of all ages diagnosed with urticaria between 2005 and 2020 and blood counts within 30 days of diagnosis. Patients with comorbidities influencing blood cells (infection, surgery, malignancy) were excluded. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte were evaluated in patients with ASU vs CSU and mild-to-moderate CSU vs severe CSU (defined by the use of systemic medications or hospitalizations). A total of 13,541 urticaria patients were included in the study. CSU patients (n = 5,021) had higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte, as well as serum IgE levels compared with ASU patients (n = 8,520). Adults had higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte than children. Severely affected patients (n = 53) had higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte compared with mild-to-moderately affected patients (n = 4,968). Patients with higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte had higher odds of having CSU rather than ASU and severe urticaria rather mild-to-moderate. In conclusion, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte are simple and available markers that can be used to predict and assess severe and chronic urticaria.
Cervical cancer (CC) is a common gynecological malignancy. Despite the current screening methods have been proved effectively and significantly decreased CC morbidity and mortality, deficiencies still exist. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) approach can identify the complex and rare cell populations at single-cell resolution. By scRNA-seq, the heterogeneity of tumor microenvironment across cervical carcinogenesis has been mapped and described. Whether these alterations could be detected and applied to CC screening is unclear. Herein, we performed scRNA-seq of 56,173 cervical exfoliated cells from 15 samples, including normal cervix, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), and malignancy. The present study delineated the alteration of immune and epithelial cells derived during the cervical lesion progression. A subset of lipid-associated macrophage was identified as a tumor-promoting element and could serve as a biomarker for predicting the progression of LSIL into HSIL, which was then verified by immunofluorescence. Furthermore, cell-cell communication analysis indicated the SPP1-CD44 axis might exhibit a protumor interaction between epithelial cell and macrophage. In this study, we investigated the cervical multicellular ecosystem in cervical carcinogenesis and identified potential biomarkers for early detection.
PURPOSE: Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) likely predict risk and prognosis of glaucoma. We compared the PRS performance for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), defined using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes vs manual medical record review.
DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.
METHODS: We identified POAG cases in the Mount Sinai BioMe and Mass General Brigham (MGB) biobanks using ICD codes. We confirmed POAG based on optical coherence tomograms and visual fields. In a separate 5% sample, the absence of POAG was confirmed with intraocular pressure and cup-disc ratio criteria. We used genotype data and either self-reported glaucoma diagnoses or ICD-10 codes for glaucoma diagnoses from the UK Biobank and the lassosum method to compute a genome-wide POAG PRS. We compared the area under the curve (AUC) for POAG prediction based on ICD codes vs medical records.
RESULTS: We reviewed 804 of 996 BioMe and 367 of 1006 MGB ICD-identified cases. In BioMe and MGB, respectively, positive predictive value was 53% and 55%; negative predictive value was 96% and 97%; sensitivity was 97% and 97%; and specificity was 44% and 53%. Adjusted PRS AUCs for POAG using ICD codes vs manual record review in BioMe were not statistically different (P ≥.21) by ancestry: 0.77 vs 0.75 for African, 0.80 vs 0.80 for Hispanic, and 0.81 vs 0.81 for European. Results were similar in MGB (P ≥.18): 0.72 vs 0.80 for African, 0.83 vs 0.86 for Hispanic, and 0.74 vs 0.73 for European.
CONCLUSIONS: A POAG PRS performed similarly using either manual review or ICD codes in 2 electronic health record-linked biobanks; manual assessment of glaucoma status might not be necessary for some PRS studies. However, caution should be exercised when using ICD codes for glaucoma diagnosis given their low specificity (44%-53%) for manually confirmed cases of glaucoma.
An encapsulated composition is described comprising at least one core-shell microcapsule. The at least one core-shell microcapsule comprises a core comprising at least one benefit agent and a shell surrounding the core. The shell comprises a polyurea resin formed by the reaction of at least one trifunctional isocyanate and at least one multifunctional amine that is not chitosan. The at least one trifunctional isocyanate is an adduct of an aliphatic triol and at least one araliphatic diisocyanate. The weight ratio between the polyurea resin fraction derived from the trifunctional isocyanate and the core is from 0.09 to 0.30, preferably from 0.10 to 0.20, more preferably from 0.11 to 0.18. The shell further comprises chitosan. The present disclosure also relates to processes for preparing such encapsulated compositions and their use in enhancing the performance of benefit agents in consumer products.
PURPOSE:A composition for the oral cavity, containing a compound having amino groups with particularly an antiplasminic agent with an aldehyde type perfume compatible with an aldehyde type perfume, and capable of giving a dentifrice, mouth refrigerant, chewing gum, etc. having improved feeling of use without causing coloring nor discoloring CONSTITUTION:A composition for the oral cavity containing a compound having amino groups, particularly an antiplasminic agent, with an aldehyde type perfume compatible with the compound. A cyclic compound having no phenolic hydroxyl group, and a cyclic aldehyde, e.g. perillaldehyde or benzaldehyde, having an aldehyde group added to the carbon atom constituting the ring which is a cyclic compound having no phenolic hydroxyl group, or a 4-7C or 9-16C aliphatic type aldehyde having no double bond between the carbon atoms at the alpha- and beta-positions with respect to the CHO, e.g. 3-methylbutanal or citronellal, is preferably used as the above-mentioned perfume. The amount of the above- mentioned aldehyde type perfume is preferably 0.05-90wt% based on the total perfume.
The study aimed to assess chromosomal abnormalities in twin pregnancies using karyotyping and SNP array analysis. The research involved 530 twin pregnancies from two prenatal diagnosis centers between October 2012 and October 2022. Two types of twin pregnancies were considered: monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) and dichorionic diamniotic (DCDA), with a total of 177 MCDA and 353 DCDA cases. Chromosomal abnormalities were examined based on chorionic and amniotic sac properties and clinical indications. Among 42 twin pregnancies, 50 fetuses showed chromosomal abnormalities by karyotyping, with 35 cases of aneuploidy in DCDA and 10 in MCDA. Trisomy 21 was the most common aberration, affecting 15 fetuses in DCDA and 4 in MCDA. The rate of discordant karyotypes in MCDA and DCDA groups was 1.1% and 8.8%, respectively. Ultrasound abnormalities and advanced maternal age were frequent indications (55.3% and 39.2%, respectively). Aneuploidy frequencies in DCDA and MCDA pregnancies with advanced maternal age were 10.6% and 4.5%. Cardiac defects and increased nuchal translucency were common anomalies, with higher incidences of chromosomal abnormalities in DCDA (12.5% and 6.9%) and MCDA groups (23.5% and 3.7%). SNP array identified 1.6% clinically significant copy number variants in DCDA fetuses with ultrasound abnormalities, while no significant CNVs were found in MCDA pregnancies. Chromosomal aneuploidies were the primary abnormalities in twin pregnancies, with detectable abnormalities and clinically significant CNVs more likely in DCDA pregnancies, especially those with ultrasound abnormalities.
Risk Summary

The safety of LUCEMYRA in pregnant women has not been established. In animal reproduction studies, oral administration of lofexidine during organogenesis to pregnant rats and rabbits caused a reduction in fetal weights, increases in fetal resorptions, and litter loss at exposures below that in humans. When oral lofexidine was administered from the beginning of organogenesis through lactation, increased stillbirths and litter loss were noted along with decreased viability and lactation indices. The offspring exhibited delays in sexual maturation, auditory startle, and surface righting. These effects occurred at exposures below that in humans [see Animal Data].

The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies carry some risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. The background risk of major birth defects in the U.S. general population is 2% to 4% and of miscarriage is 15% to 20% of clinically recognized pregnancies.

Data

Animal Data

Increased incidence of resorptions, decreased number of implantations, and a concomitant reduction in the number of fetuses were observed when pregnant rabbits were orally administered lofexidine hydrochloride during organogenesis (from gestation day [GD] 7 to 19) at a daily dose of 5.0 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.08 times the maximum recommended human dose [MRHD] of 2.88 mg lofexidine base on an AUC basis). Maternal toxicity evidenced by increased mortality was noted at the highest tested dose of 15 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.4 times the MRHD on an AUC basis).

Decreased implantations per dam and decreased mean fetal weights were noted in a study in which pregnant rats were treated with oral lofexidine hydrochloride during organogenesis (from GD 7 to 16) at a daily dose of 3.0 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.9 times the MRHD on an AUC basis). This dose was associated with maternal toxicity (decreased body weight gain and mortality). No malformations or evidence of developmental toxicity were evident at 1.0 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.2 times the MRHD on an AUC basis).

A dose-dependent increase in pup mortality was noted in all doses of lofexidine hydrochloride administered orally to pregnant rats from GD 6 through lactation at an exposure less than the human exposure based on AUC comparisons. Doses higher than 1.0 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.2 times the MRHD on an AUC basis) resulted in incidences of total litter loss and maternal toxicity (piloerection and decreased body weight gain). At the highest dose tested of 2.0 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.6 times the MRHD on an AUC basis), increased stillbirths as well as decreased viability and lactation indices were reported. Surviving offspring exhibited lower body weights, developmental delays, and increased delays in auditory startle at doses of 1.0 mg/kg/ day or higher. Sexual maturation was delayed in male offspring (preputial separation) at 2.0 mg/kg/day and in female offspring (vaginal opening) at 1.0 mg/kg/day or higher.
A carbohydrate mixture for dietetic foods and pharmaceuticals containing several carbohydrates is provided. The carbohydrate mixture comprises two different, substantially soluble carbohydrate components A and B, which remain undigested in the gastrointestinal tract and enter the large intestine without being resorbed. Component A comprises at least one monosaccharide, at least one oligosaccharide (disaccharide to hexasaccharide), or a mixture thereof. Component B comprises a polysaccharide or a mixture of two or more polysaccharides. Component A constitutes 5 to 95 wt-% and Component B constitutes 5 to 95 wt-% of the sum of the Components; and at least 80 wt-% of the carbohydrates/saccharides of Components A and B have a prebiotic effect. The inventive carbohydrate mixture exhibits not only a nutritive effect, but also stimulates health-promoting microorganisms present in the natural flora of the large intestine.
Emerging evidence suggests a tentative association between cathepsins and uterine leiomyoma (UL). Previous investigations have predominantly focused on the role of cathepsins in the metastasis and colonization of gynecological malignancies. Still, observational studies may lead to confounding and biases. We employed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to elucidate the causative links between various cathepsins and UL. Instrumental variables (IVs) of cathepsins and UL within the European cohort were from extant genome-wide association study datasets. Sensitivity assessments was executed, and the heterogeneity of the findings was meticulously dissected to affirm the solidity of the outcomes. Our findings reveal the association between cathepsin B (CTSB) and an elevated risk of developing UL (all cancers excluded) [Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) method]: OR = 1.06, 95%CI [1.02, 1.11], P = 0.008895711. Although the association does not persist after multiple testing or Steiger filtering, this finding adds to our understanding of the causal relationship between CTSB of various cathepsins and UL (all cancers excluded) and may herald new therapeutic avenues for individuals affected by this condition.