anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A loop ileostomy is a common procedure used to divert fecal matter from anastomotic sites after abdominal surgeries. Major complications from creation and subsequent closure of a temporary loop ileostomy include: stoma retraction, stoma prolapsed, stenosis, herniation, intra-abdominal abscess, anastomotic leak, wound dehiscence. Small-bowel obstruction (SBO) was the most common complication. SBO is caused by adhesions in the surgical site, with narrowing or angulation of the intestine causing obstruction. Prevention of these adhesions may reduce the frequency with which SBO is seen after this surgery. Furthermore, surgery to close the ileostomy is complicated by the presence of adhesions which make dissection of the ileostomy difficult, and increase the risk of injury of the small intestine during dissection, prolonging the operation time in an effort to minimize risk to the patient.

AlloMEM™ is human peritoneal membrane designated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use as a homologous tissue where native peritoneum is absent or traumatized. The AlloMem™ is not regulated as a device and no 510k submission has been made by the FDA. AlloMem™ is allogeneic freeze-dried, irradiated human peritoneal membrane used as a soft tissue wound covering solely regulated under 361 HCT/P because by FDA definition it is: minimally manipulated; intended for homologous use only; does not involve the combination of cell or other tissues, and does not rely on the metabolic function of cells for its primary function. Two animal studies have shown that AlloMEM™ can help prevent intra-abdominal adhesions and provides the biological framework for peritoneal remodeling. By decreasing adhesions and providing a peritoneal remodeling capacity, both the time needed for ileostomy closure and the risk of enterotomy or seromyotomy would be reduced. The combination could lead to decreased complication rates and therefore decreased morbidity for the surgical patients requiring an ileostomy.
PURPOSE: Immunotherapies have shown limited responses in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Recently, we reported that dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy induced T-cell responses against pancreatic cancer antigens. The primary objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of DC-based immunotherapy to prevent recurrence of disease.
METHODS: This was a single-center, open-label, single-arm, combined phase I/II trial. The primary end point was the 2-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate. A 2-year RFS rate of ≥60% was defined as a clinically meaningful improvement. We included patients with pancreatic cancer after resection and completion of standard-of-care (SOC) treatment without recurrent disease on cross-sectional imaging. Patients were treated with autologous DCs pulsed with an allogeneic mesothelioma tumor cell lysate, comprising antigens also expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
RESULTS: Thirty-eight patients were included in the analysis of the primary end point (47% male, 53% female). The median age was 62 years (IQR, 55-68). Twenty-eight patients (74%) received five DC vaccinations and completed the study protocol. Three patients (8%) received four vaccinations, and seven patients (16%) received three vaccinations. After a median follow-up of 25.5 months, 26 patients (68%) had not developed recurrence of disease. The estimated 2-year RFS was 64%. Vaccination led to the enrichment of circulating activated CD4+ T cells and the detection of treatment-induced immune responses in vitro. T-cell receptor-sequencing analyses of a resected solitary lung metastasis showed influx of vaccine-specific T cells.
CONCLUSION: This study reached its primary end point of a 2-year RFS rate of ≥60% following pancreatectomy after SOC treatment and adjuvant DC-based immunotherapy in patients with pancreatic cancer. These results warrant a future randomized trial.
FIELD: organic chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to derivatives of hemcytabine of the formula (I)   where R 1 , R 2 , R 3  are taken independently among hydrogen atom and C 18 - and C 20 -unsaturated and monounsaturated acyl groups under condition that all R 1 , R 2 , R 3  can't mean hydrogen atom. Compounds show antitumor activity and can be components of pharmaceutical composition of the similar designation. Also, invention proposes method of synthesis of hemcytabine derivatives involving interaction of hemcytabine with derivatives of monounsaturated C 18 - or C 20 -fatty acid FaX where X means removal group and Fa is acyl residue of indicated acid. EFFECT: improved method of synthesis, valuable antitumor properties of compounds. 1 cl, 7 tbl, 4 ex
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the factors associated with vision impairment (VI), age-related eye disease (ARED), and frequency of eye examinations among older adults.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study (N = 166) was designed to identify barriers in vision and eye care services among adults 50 years and older in four counties in Appalachian Tennessee. Surveys were administered in March 2023. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors of VI and ARED and the frequency of eye examinations.
RESULTS: In two out of the three regression models, predictors such as traveling >10 mi to an eye care provider, barriers to eye care, and a lack of exposure to eye health information emerged as significant factors. Individuals who traveled >10 mi to an eye care provider were more than twice as likely than individuals who traveled shorter distances to have VI and not maintain routine eye care (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-6.75; AOR 2.82, 95% CI 1.05-7.55, respectively). Reporting barriers to eye care doubled the odds of ARED (AOR 2.33, 95% CI 1.02-5.34) and substantially increased the odds of reporting a 3-year or longer interval since the last eye examination (AOR 7.45, 95% CI 1.85-29.96) compared with having no barriers to eye care. Moreover, limited exposure to eye health information tripled the odds of VI (AOR 3.26, 95% CI 1.15-9.24) and not maintaining routine eye care (AOR 3.07, 95% CI 0.97-9.70) compared with more exposure to eye health information. Other predictors also were uncovered in the analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes to the scarce literature on risk factors associated with vision health among older adults in Appalachia.
Safety and effectiveness of 5% Dextrose and Electrolyte No. 48 Injection (Multiple Electrolytes and Dextrose Injection, Type 1, USP) in pediatric patients have not been established by adequate and well controlled trials. 

The use of 5% Dextrose and Electrolyte No. 48 Injection (Multiple Electrolytes and Dextrose Injection, Type 1, USP) in pediatric patients is based on clinical practice (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).

Neonates, especially premature infants with low birth weight, are at increased risk of developing hypo- or hyperglycemia and therefore need close monitoring during treatment with intravenous glucose solutions to ensure adequate glycemic control in order to avoid potential long-term adverse effects. Closely monitor plasma electrolyte concentrations in pediatric patients who may have impaired ability to regulate fluids and electrolytes. In very low birth weight infants, excessive or rapid administration of 5% Dextrose and Electrolyte No. 48 Injection (Multiple Electrolytes and Dextrose Injection, Type 1, USP) may result in increased serum osmolality and risk of intracerebral hemorrhage.

Children (including neonates and older children) are at increased risk of developing hyponatremia as well as for developing hyponatremic encephalopathy.

Lactate-containing solutions should be administered with particular caution to neonates and infants less than 12 months of age. Administration of a lactate-containing intravenous solution to neonates and infants should take into account that the liver and kidneys are still maturing during the first year of life, which also affects the biotransformation and renal excretion of lactate.
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the mid-term effectiveness and safety of a combined ultrasound (US) and fluoroscopy (FL)-guided approach in comparison to US-guided and FL-guided caudal epidural steroid injections (CESI) for treating unilateral lower lumbar radicular pain. Materials and Methods: A total of 154 patients who underwent CESI between 2018 and 2022 were included. Patients were categorized into three groups based on the guidance method: combined US and FL (n = 51), US-guided (n = 51), and FL-guided (n = 52). The study design was retrospective case-controlled, utilizing patient charts and standardized forms to assess clinical outcomes, adverse events, complications during the procedures. Results: In all groups, Oswestry Disability Index and Verbal Numeric Scale scores improved at 1, 3, and 6 months after the last injection, with no significant differences between groups (p < 0.05). The treatment success rate at all time points was also similar among the groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that injection method, cause, sex, age, number of injections, and pain duration did not independently predict treatment success. Blood was aspirated before injection in 2% (n = 1), 13.5% (n = 7), and 4% (n = 2) of patients in the combined US and FL groups, FL-guided groups, and US-guided groups, respectively. Intravascular contrast spread was detected in one patient in the combined method groups and seven in the FL-guided groups. Conclusions: When comparing pain reduction and functional improvement, there was no significant difference between the three methods. The combined method took less time compared to using FL alone. The combined approach also showed a lower occurrence of intravascular injection compared to using FL alone. Moreover, blood vessels at the injection site can be identified with an ultrasound using the combined method. Given these advantages, it might be advisable to prioritize the combined US- and FL-guided therapy when administering CESI for patients with unilateral lumbar radicular pain.
FIELD: agriculture, veterinary helminthology. SUBSTANCE: the suggested innovation deals with treating nematodoses in animals. Anthelminthic preparation includes active substances as levamisol and oxphendasol in decreased dosages and supplementary surface-active substance as low-molecular polyvinyl pyrrolidone (mol. weight 10-15 thousand) at the following ratio of components: 2.5 : 1.5 : 0.25. Preparation at therapeutical dosage of 4.5 mg/kg is of high (98.6-100%) anthelminthic activity at strongylatoses of gastrointestinal tract and dictyocaulosis of small cattle and canine toxocariasis. Anthelminthic preparation is of no embryotoxic and teratogenic properties. Its LD 50  for mongrel white mice at peroral intake corresponds to 450 mg/kg, for white rats - 700 mg/kg. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 5 tbl
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex syndrome with poorly understood mechanisms driving its early progression (GOLD stages 1-2). Elucidating the genetic factors that influence early-stage COPD, particularly those related to airway inflammation and remodeling, is crucial. This study analyzed lung tissue sequencing data from patients with early-stage COPD (GSE47460) and smoke-exposed mice. We employed Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and machine learning to identify potentially pathogenic genes. Further analyses included single-cell sequencing from both mice and COPD patients to pinpoint gene expression in specific cell types. Cell-cell communication and pseudotemporal analyses were conducted, with findings validated in smoke-exposed mice. Additionally, Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to confirm the association between candidate genes and lung function/COPD. Finally, functional validation was performed in vitro using cell cultures. Machine learning analysis of 30 differentially expressed genes identified 8 key genes, with CLEC5A emerging as a potential pathogenic factor in early-stage COPD. Bioinformatics analyses suggested a role for CLEC5A in macrophage-mediated inflammation during COPD. Two-sample Mendelian randomization linked CLEC5A single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (FEV1), FEV1/Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and early/later on COPD. In vitro, the knockdown of CLEC5A led to a reduction in inflammatory markers within macrophages. Our study identifies CLEC5A as a critical gene in early-stage COPD, contributing to its pathogenesis through pro-inflammatory mechanisms. This discovery offers valuable insights for developing early diagnosis and treatment strategies for COPD and highlights CLEC5A as a promising target for further investigation.
Alteration in the normal mechanical forces of breathing can contribute to changes in contractility and remodeling characteristic of airway diseases, but the mechanisms that mediate these effects in airway cells are still under investigation. Airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells contribute to both contractility and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. In this study, we explored ASM mechanisms activated by mechanical stretch, focusing on mechanosensitive piezo channels and the key Ca2+ regulatory protein stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1). Expression of Ca2+ regulatory proteins, including STIM1, Orai1, and caveolin-1, mechanosensitive ion channels Piezo-1 and Piezo-2, and NLRP3 inflammasomes were upregulated by 10% static stretch superimposed on 5% cyclic stretch. These effects were blunted by STIM1 siRNA. Histamine-induced [Ca2+]i responses and inflammasome activation were similarly blunted by STIM1 knockdown. These data show that the effects of mechanical stretch in human ASM cells are mediated through STIM1, which activates multiple pathways, including Piezo channels and the inflammasome, leading to potential downstream changes in contractility and ECM remodeling.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Mechanical forces on the airway can contribute to altered contractility and remodeling in airway diseases, but the mechanisms are not clearly understood. Using human airway smooth muscle cells exposed to cyclic forces with static stretch to mimic breathing and static pressure, we found that the effects of stretch are mediated through STIM1, resulting in the activation of multiple pathways, including Piezo channels and the inflammasome, with potential downstream influences on contractility and remodeling.
There are studies revealing the effects of estrogen receptors alpha (α) and beta (β) on hair follicles. However, the effects of G protein-coupled estrogen receptors (GPER-1) on hair follicles have not been elucidated. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between serum GPER-1 levels and the severity and duration of the disease in patients with androgenetic alopecia (AGA). The study included 81 patients with AGA aged 18 to 50 years (22 men and 19 women with an onset of AGA more than 5 years, and 20 men and 20 women with an onset of AGA less than 5 years) and 40 healthy controls (20 men, 20 women). The mean age of participants with AGA was 29.12 ± 8.15 (18-50), and the mean age of the control group was 25.21± 4.71 (19-42). Serum GPER-1 levels were measured, and the relationship between GPER-1 levels and duration of the disease, severity of the disease, and sex was statistically evaluated. The serum level of GPER-1 was significantly higher in patients with AGA as compared to the control group (p < 0.001). A negative correlation was found between serum GPER-1 levels and the duration of the disease in both men and women (p < 0.001, r = 0.793; p < 0.001, r = 0.711, respectively). There was a significant relationship between serum GPER-1 levels and the severity of the disease in both men and women (p = 0.003; p = 0.002, respectively). Additionally, a significant difference in GPER-1 levels was noted between male and female patients with AGA (p = 0.001). However, no statistically significant relationship was identified between GPER-1 levels and estrogen levels (p = 0.097). The higher levels of GPER-1 in patients with AGA compared to the control group, and the significant relationship between GPER-1 levels and both the duration and severity of the disease, suggest an estrogen-independent role of GPER-1 in the pathogenesis of AGA. The fact that GPER-1 levels are high in the early stages of AGA when inflammation is prominent suggests that treatments targeting these receptors may be effective at this stage.
There is very limited experience with mirtazapine tablets overdose. In premarketing clinical studies, there were eight reports of mirtazapine overdose alone or in combination with other pharmacological agents. The only drug overdose death reported while taking mirtazapine was in combination with amitriptyline and chlorprothixene in a non-US clinical study. Based on plasma levels, the mirtazapine dose taken was 30 to 45 mg, while plasma levels of amitriptyline and chlorprothixene were found to be at toxic levels. All other premarketing overdose cases resulted in full recovery. Signs and symptoms reported in association with overdose included disorientation, drowsiness, impaired memory, and tachycardia. There were no reports of ECG abnormalities, coma or convulsions following overdose with mirtazapine tablets alone.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a material free from deterioration over a long term, regardless of being embedded in vivo. SOLUTION: This material is a formed zaon-biodegradation product made of a crack resistant embeddedable protaise, implant or the like, formed out of polyolefine copolymer. Furthermore, the polyolefine copolymer is formed so that a majority of polymer bonds along a copolymer chain have principal chains as alternate quaternary and secondary carbon atoms. Also, the polyolefine copolymer is the reaction product of the first rubber component containing quaternary carbon for producing polymer of low hardness when polymerized alone, as well as the second curing component for producing polymer of high hardness. In addition, the polyolefine copolymer as the first and the second reaction products has an elastomer function. At the same time, the polyolefine copolymer has an intermediate hardness between high and low levels, and becomes crack resistant when embedded in vivo.
Neuroplasticity in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) plays a key role in the modulation of pain and its aversive component. The dynorphin/kappa opioid receptor (KOR) system in the amygdala is critical for averse-affective behaviors in pain conditions, but its mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we used chemogenetic manipulations of amygdala KOR-expressing neurons to analyze the behavioral consequences in a chronic neuropathic pain model. For the chemogenetic inhibition or activation of KOR neurons in the CeA, a Cre-inducible viral vector encoding Gi-DREADD (hM4Di) or Gq-DREADD (hM3Dq) was injected stereotaxically into the right CeA of transgenic KOR-Cre mice. The chemogenetic inhibition of KOR neurons expressing hM4Di with a selective DREADD actuator (deschloroclozapine, DCZ) in sham control mice significantly decreased inhibitory transmission, resulting in a shift of inhibition/excitation balance to promote excitation and induced pain behaviors. The chemogenetic activation of KOR neurons expressing hM3Dq with DCZ in neuropathic mice significantly increased inhibitory transmission, decreased excitability, and decreased neuropathic pain behaviors. These data suggest that amygdala KOR neurons modulate pain behaviors by exerting an inhibitory tone on downstream CeA neurons. Therefore, activation of these interneurons or blockade of inhibitory KOR signaling in these neurons could restore control of amygdala output and mitigate pain.
Participants received a single dose of placebo (flour capsule). After a washout period of 2 weeks, they then received a single dose of berry extract supplement (hawthorn berry extract, tart cherry extract, and bromelain).
NET is a fully-manualized evidence-based treatment for PTSD. Participants will receive 6 weekly 60-minute individual sessions of NET.
It is estimated that only 0.02% of disseminated tumour cells are able to seed overt metastases1. While this suggests the presence of environmental constraints to metastatic seeding, the landscape of host factors controlling this process remains largely unclear. Here, combining transposon technology2 and fluorescence niche labelling3, we developed an in vivo CRISPR activation screen to systematically investigate the interactions between hepatocytes and metastatic cells. We identify plexin B2 as a critical host-derived regulator of liver colonization in colorectal and pancreatic cancer and melanoma syngeneic mouse models. We dissect a mechanism through which plexin B2 interacts with class IV semaphorins on tumour cells, leading to KLF4 upregulation and thereby promoting the acquisition of epithelial traits. Our results highlight the essential role of signals from the liver parenchyma for the seeding of disseminated tumour cells before the establishment of a growth-promoting niche. Our findings further suggest that epithelialization is required for the adaptation of CRC metastases to their new tissue environment. Blocking the plexin-B2-semaphorin axis abolishes metastatic colonization of the liver and therefore represents a therapeutic strategy for the prevention of hepatic metastases. Finally, our screening approach, which evaluates host-derived extrinsic signals rather than tumour-intrinsic factors for their ability to promote metastatic seeding, is broadly applicable and lays a framework for the screening of environmental constraints to metastasis in other organs and cancer types.
Patients who meet the enrollment criteria will receive Folfox(Oxaliplatin 85mg/m2 iv Day1; Leucovorin 400mg/m2 iv Day1; 5-FU 400mg/m2 iv bolus on Day1, then1200mg/m2/d x 2days(total 2400mg/m2 over 46-48 hours) iv continuous infusion repeat every 2 weeks) in combination with JS001 (3mg/kg, Q2W). Patients will receive 6 cycles treatment in pre-operation and same cycles after operation.
The invention discloses an ethosome gel film-coating agent with multiple wound repair effects and a preparation method of the ethosome gel film-coating agent. The film-coating agent is prepared by taking tea polyphenol, asiaticoside, tea tree oil, amino acid, vitamin C, soybean phospholipid, cholesterol and medical absolute ethyl alcohol as active ingredients of lipidosome, packaging by carboxylation chitosan, and taking sodium carboxymethyl starch and sodium alginate as a gel substrate. The preparation method comprises preparing of ethosome liquor, packaging of ethosome and preparing of the gel film-coating agent. According to the invention, the carboxylation chitosan is firstly used to package the ethosome very well, and in the obtained film-coating agent, triple wound repair function is formed by virtue of a preparation way from inside to outside. The film-coating agent is used to provide a low-oxygen wet micro environment for a wound tissue, water-soluble medicines and fat-soluble medicines inside the ethosome and carboxylation chitosan packaged outside are released to the wound part for promoting healing and nutrition supplying of the wound tissue. The ethosome gel film-coating agent is suitable for wound clinical care and treatment.
A health data management system may obtain a consent key for accessing health information associated with a patient. The system may determine that at least some of the health information associated with the patient is stored in an external system, different from the health data system. The external system may be, for example, a second health data management system or a secure storage container associated with the patient. The health data system may send a request to access the health information associated with the patient. The access request may include a consent key associated with the patient's consent data. The consent key may be, may include, and/or may indicate the patient's consent data. The health data system may access the health information associated with the patient from the external system (e.g., upon the external system authorizing access based on the consent key).