anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The present disclosure provides compositions comprising a Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase (MEK) inhibitor. In certain embodiments, the MEK inhibitor is binimetinib. In certain embodiments, the MEK inhibitor is ATR-002 (zapnometinib). The present disclosure further provides methods of treating, preventing, and/or ameliorating a lymphatic and/or vascular anomaly, or cancer, in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject a composition of the present disclosure. In certain embodiments, the lymphatic anomaly is generalized lymphatic anomaly (GLA). In certain embodiments, the vascular anomaly is a venous anomaly and/or malformation or an arterial anomaly and/or malformation.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Neurosurgeons need a profound knowledge of the surgical anatomy of the cerebral arteries to safely treat patients. This is a challenge because of numerous branches, segments, and tortuosity of the main blood vessels that supply the brain. The objective of this study was to create high-quality three-dimensional (3D) anatomic photorealistic models based on dissections of the brain arterial anatomy and to incorporate this data into a virtual reality (VR) environment.
METHODS: Two formaldehyde-fixed heads were used. The vessels were injected with radiopaque material and colored silicone and latex. Before the dissections, the specimens were computed tomography scanned. Stratigraphical anatomic dissection of the neck and brain was performed to present the relevant vascular anatomy. A simplified surface scanning method using a mobile phone-based photogrammetry application was used, and the data were incorporated into a VR 3D modeling software for post-processing and presentation.
RESULTS: Fifteen detailed layered photorealistic and two computed tomography angiography-based 3D models were generated. The models allow manipulation in VR environment with sufficient photographic detail to present the structures of interest. Topographical relevant anatomic structures and landmarks were annotated and uploaded for web-viewing and in VR. Despite that the VR application is a dedicated 3D modeling platform, it provided all necessary tools to be suitable for self-VR study and multiplayer scenarios with several participants in one immersive environment.
CONCLUSION: Cerebral vascular anatomy presented with photogrammetry surface scanning method allows sufficient detail to present individual vessel's course and even small perforating arteries in photorealistic 3D models. These features, including VR visualization, provide new teaching prospects. The whole study was done with simplified algorithms and free or open-source software platforms allowing creation of 3D databases especially useful in cases with limited body donor-based dissection training availability.
Epo is administered 1000 U/kg, iv in 48 hours after premature birth, and at 48 hours interval for 3 doses per week. After 6 doses, Subcutaneously 3 doses per week until at corrected age of 34 weeks.
MISAME-3 is a randomized controlled clinical trial in the setting of Rural Burkina Faso. A BEP supplement provides less than 25% of protein of the total energy content, and includes different vitamins and minerals. The first part of an exploratory study will determine which type of BEP supplement (bar, drink, biscuit, soup or paste) is most accepted by pregnant women. Subsequently, two products will be tested for longer-term acceptability and at-home use (phase 1). The effect of the most suitable supplement will be tested in a controlled clinical trial (phase 2). The intervention group will receive the dietary supplement during pregnancy and/or lactation, while the control group complies with the standard iron and folic acid tablets following the national guidelines. IMiC will receive 600 breast milk samples from 200 dyads, 3 samples per dyad taken at 0-1, 1-2 \& 3-4 months.
PURPOSE: To obtain the subject cholesterol-extracting agent having high extraction power from cells from phosphatidyl choline by using a licoris detergent in NaCl solution as a dispersant to be added after vacuum evaporation and by adding palmitoyllysine after ultrasonication. CONSTITUTION: A solution of phosphatidyl choline (I) in an inert organic solvent is subjected to solvent evaporation in vacuum until the concentration of the phosphatidyl choline reaches 10-35mg/ml. Then, a dispersant is added to the residue and ultrasonicated to give an agent for extracting cholesterol that is useful for treatment of atherosclerosis. At this time, a solution containing 0.05-0.15 pt.wt. per 1 pt.wt. of phosphatidyl choline, of licorice detergent in 0.50.9wt.% NaCl solution is used as a dispersant and 0.005-0.015 pt.wt. of palmitoyllysine is added to the ultrasonicated emulsion to give the objective cholesterol-extracting agent having sufficiently high cholesterol-extraction ability and high biocompatibility in no need of hardly available substance and expensive installation.
OBJECTIVES: Inactivating GNAS mutations result in varied phenotypes depending on parental origin. Maternally inherited mutations typically lead to hormone resistance and Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO), characterised by short stature, round facies, brachydactyly and subcutaneous ossifications. Paternal inheritance presents with features of AHO or ectopic ossification without hormone resistance. This report describes the case of a child with osteoma cutis and medulloblastoma. The objective of this report is to highlight the emerging association between inactivating germline GNAS mutations and medulloblastoma, aiming to shed light on its implications for tumor biology and promote future development of targeted surveillance strategies to improve outcomes in paediatric patients with these mutations.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 12-month-old boy presented with multiple plaque-like skin lesions. Biopsy confirmed osteoma cutis, prompting genetic testing which confirmed a heterozygous inactivating GNAS mutation. At 2.5 years of age, he developed neurological symptoms and was diagnosed with a desmoplastic nodular medulloblastoma, SHH molecular group, confirmed by MRI and histology. Further analysis indicated a biallelic loss of GNAS in the tumor.
CONCLUSIONS: This case provides important insights into the role of GNAS as a tumor suppressor and the emerging association between inactivating GNAS variants and the development of medulloblastoma. The case underscores the importance of careful neurological assessment and ongoing vigilance in children with known inactivating GNAS variants or associated phenotypes. Further work to establish genotype-phenotype correlations is needed to inform optimal management of these patients.
Hypoxia, a common cause of programmed cell death or apoptosis, represents a neuropathological process. Although certain response proteins to hypoxic stress and their effects on cell status and fate have been identified, the real-time quantification of smaller neurochemicals to understand pathogenic mechanism in live rat brain during such stress remains unexplored. In this study, by employing a cutting-edge electrochemical tool developed with carbon nanotube-sheathed carbon fiber microelectrode that offers remarkable selectivity and temporal/spatial resolution for monitoring ascorbate, we observed a substantial efflux of ascorbate in response to hypoxic stress in live rat brain. Furthermore, using a small molecule compound as channel inhibitor to investigate the behavior of ascorbate efflux, we found that this efflux is closely correlated with N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor-induced neuronal excitability. Notably, antagonistic actions on volume-sensitive anion channel can suppress ascorbate efflux evoked by hypoxic stress, further revealing that ascorbate fluctuation is volume-sensitive anion channel-dependent. This research not only facilitates a greater understanding of the neurochemical mechanism in hypoxia but also uncovers a potential biomarker for future closed-loop therapies.
One aspect of Caenorhabditis elegans that makes it a highly valuable model organism is the ease of use of in vivo genetic reporters, facilitated by its transparent cuticle and highly tractable genetics. Despite the rapid advancement of these technologies, worms must be paralyzed for most imaging applications, and few investigations have characterized the impacts of common chemical anesthetic methods on the parameters measured, in particular biochemical measurements such as cellular energetics and redox tone. Using two dynamic reporters, QUEEN-2m for relative ATP levels and reduction-oxidation sensitive GFP (roGFP) for redox tone, we assess the impact of commonly used chemical paralytics. We report that no chemical anesthetic is entirely effective at doses required for full paralysis without altering redox tone or ATP levels, and that anesthetic use alters the detected outcome of rotenone exposure on relative ATP levels and redox tone. We also assess the use of cold shock, commonly used in combination with physical restraint methods, and find that cold shock does not alter either ATP levels or redox tone. In addition to informing which paralytics are most appropriate for research in these topics, we highlight the need for tailoring the use of anesthetics to different endpoints and experimental questions. Further, we reinforce the need for developing less disruptive paralytic methods for optimal imaging of dynamic in vivo reporters.
Eligible patients will be randomized to one of the treatment arms, which will involve 5 phone-delivered counseling sessions over a 9 week treatment phase. SC will be based on the 2008 PHS Clinical Practice Guideline (Fiore et al., 2008) and on SC in our ongoing two-site trials (R01DA025078; R01CA165001) This intervention arm will begin with a "pre-quit" session designed to help participants prepare for their Target Quit Day (TDQ). The TQD session will occur at week 1. The SC arm will focus on self-monitoring, identifying smoking triggers and alternative trigger management strategies, relaxation, social support for non-smoking, relapse prevention, and homework. The pre-quit session prepares participants for their TQD by reviewing their experience with quitting, beliefs about smoking/quitting, perceived barriers to cessation, and creating a quit plan to identify smoking triggers and implement alternative strategies to manage those triggers without smoking.
The allocation sequence is generated by computer random number generation, and the allocation is placed in sequentially numbered opaque sealed envelopes by a non-investigator. Enrolment and data collection are performed by trained research staff who are not involved in the care of the patients. The treating clinicians are not blinded to the assignment group, but all other staff involved in both the collection and collation of data are blinded to group allocation. The primary measurement is the oropharyngeal leak pressure (OLP) at the recommended intracuff pressure. The secondary measurements included insertion time, fibreoptic view grade, insufficient ventilation, and the occurrence of complications such as postoperative sore throat. The sample size was calculated to be 390 by a statistical software based on previous research results. The continuous variables were expressed as means ± standard deviation (SD) whereas categorical variables were expressed as frequency and percentage for data description. P \<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Microorganisms, encompassing both uni- and multicellular entities, exhibit remarkable diversity as omnipresent life forms in nature. They play a pivotal role by supplying essential components for sustaining biological processes across diverse ecosystems, including higher host organisms. The complex interactions within the human gut microbiota are crucial for metabolic functions, immune responses, and biochemical signalling, particularly through the gut-brain axis. Viruses also play important roles in biological processes, for example by increasing genetic diversity through horizontal gene transfer when replicating inside living cells. On the other hand, infection of the human body by microbiological agents may lead to severe physiological disorders and diseases. Infectious diseases pose a significant burden on global healthcare systems, characterized by substantial variations in the epidemiological landscape. Fast spreading antibiotic resistance or uncontrolled outbreaks of communicable diseases are major challenges at present. Furthermore, delivering field-proven point-of-care diagnostic tools to the most severely affected populations in low-resource settings is particularly important and challenging. New paradigms and technological approaches enabling rapid and informed disease management need to be implemented. In this respect, infectious disease diagnostics taking advantage of microfluidic systems combined with integrated biosensor-based pathogen detection offers a host of innovative and promising solutions. In this review, we aim to outline recent activities and progress in the development of microfluidic diagnostic tools. Our literature research mainly covers the last 5 years. We will follow a classification scheme based on the human body systems primarily involved at the clinical level or on specific pathogen transmission modes. Important diseases, such as tuberculosis and malaria, will be addressed more extensively.
We herein present the first known case of bacteremia caused by Kluyvera georgiana in a 67-year-old female undergoing chemotherapy for recurrent pancreatic cancer. The patient underwent choledochojejunotomy and thereafter developed ascending cholangitis. The diagnosis of K. georgiana was confirmed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A literature review of Kluyvera spp. infections indicated potential risk factors including an underlying malignancy and immunosuppression. Although Kluyvera spp. infections are typically sensitive to antibiotics, multidrug resistance is possible. This case highlights the importance of the early diagnosis and treatment of K. georgiana and its associated risk factors.
The invention is Total Body Moisture. The Butter is used for conditioning the scalp and hair promoting hair growth and moisturizing for natural, permed, or relaxed hair as well as healing the skin all over the entire human body. It can be used for moisturizing after bath or shower, protecting skin from some UV rays, healing minor cuts, bums, and abrasions. It also can be used to soothe itching skin from the effects of eczema or psoriasis. TBM is also used to decrease wrinkles, fine lines, and minor acne on the skin surface. The main base oil of TBM is pure African Shea Butter in any shade and variation. Carrier oils such as Coconut oil, jojoba oil, black castor oil, argan oil, hemp seed oil, wheat germ oil, almond oil, avocado oil, and grapeseed oil are used to add to the clinical benefits of the pure African shea butter base.
Breast cancer with positive HER-2 is sensitive to chemotherapy and targeted therapy, and double-target regimen containing trastuzumab and pertuzumab is the preferred regimen no matter in neoadjuvant, adjuvant or advanced first-line stage. A series of clinical studies have established the strong position of trastuzumab + pertuzumab in the neoadjuvant therapy of HER2-positive breast cancer, but it is still unclear which chemotherapy drugs have the best efficacy when combined with them. Eribulin mesylate is a potent microtubule inhibitor. It is used as a single agent for the treatment of locally relapsed or metastatic breast cancer that has been treated with at least two chemotherapy regimens in the past, because of its good therapeutic effect and small toxic side effects The role of advanced breast cancer treatment is increasingly prominent. Therefore, the investigators plan to conduct clinical studies to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Eribulin combined with trastuzumab and pertuzumab in neoadjuvant therapy for HER-2 positive breast cancer, so as to provide better treatment options for neoadjuvant chemotherapy for HER-2 positive breast cancer. The investigators expect that Erribulin combined with trastuzumab and pertuzumab can achieve comparable results. If the pCR rate in this study reaches 40%, follow-up randomized controlled studies will be considered.
Liver injury due to prescription and non-prescription medication use is a medical, scientific and public health problem of increasing frequency and importance in the United States. Indeed, drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the most important reason for non-approval, withdrawal, limitation in use and clinical monitoring by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). However, detection of signals for liver injury frequently relies upon the reporting of cases by practitioners to health authorities in post-marketing surveillance. Under-reporting of cases, lack of mandatory reporting systems, and difficulties in establishing a diagnosis make the current system sub-optimal. Moreover, with the growing use of complementary and alternative medications (CAM), there have also been increasing reports of liver toxicity due to various non-prescription herbal, dietary and food additive supplements. Because the manufacturing, dispensing and testing of these products is not regulated, the hepatotoxic potential of these formulations is poorly characterized or completely unknown.

The DILIN Prospective Study is a multi-centered epidemiological study designed to gather clinical information and biological specimens on cases of suspected liver injury due to drugs and CAM. The goals of this study are to develop a database of recent DILI cases, identify the clinical, environmental and genetic risk factors that predict DILI, develop standardized instruments and terminology and perform careful longitudinal follow-up of DILI subjects. Biological samples collected will be used in future studies of the mechanisms and genetics of DILI.

Patients who are referred to one of the DILIN clinical sites and who, in the opinion of gastroenterologist/hepatologist, experienced a drug-induced liver injury are enrolled. Detailed clinical data and biological specimens are collected. Clinical data will be reviewed by the DILIN Causality Committee and the final determination on whether the subject qualifies as a bona fide DILI case is made by consensus opinion. DILI cases (only) are followed for at least 6 months to derive the longitudinal profile of drug-and CAM-induced liver injury. Detailed clinical data including liver elastography (FibroScans) and biological specimens are collected. Patients who satisfy the definition of chronic DILI will be evaluated with additional FibroScans at 12, 24, 36 and 48 months thereafter.
Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP/ECPT) is a non-invasive technique used to improve cardiac and cerebral perfusion. It aims to achieve 'diastolic augmentation' by increasing arterial blood pressure and retrograde aortic blood flow during diastole. This technique is currently used to treat refractory angina and heart failure, and was demonstrated to be well tolerated without limiting side effect. Practially, blood pressure cuffs are put along the lower limbs and are inflated to 300 mmHg pressure intermittently during one hour session. 15 sessions will be performed over 15 weeks.
FIELD: cosmetology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates with anhydrous compositions for decolorization of keratin fibers, particularly, hair, containing in acceptable for decolorization medium, at least one alkali agent and at least one peroxide salt. Said composition also includes a combination of at least one anionic and/or nonionic amphiphilous polymer with at least one fat chain and at least one cationic or amphoteric substantive polymer. Invention deals with the method of keratin fibers decolorization, particularly, man's keratin fibers such as hair. EFFECT: minimum destruction of keratin fibers at their decolorization. 25 cl, 3 tbl
Peanut allergy is known to cause severe anaphylactic reactions. Compared with other food allergies, it tends to be more persistent and its prevalence seems to be rising. Currently, there is no proven treatment other than strict avoidance. We are attempting to decrease the risk of anaphylaxis on accidental ingestion by desensitizing subjects to peanut using peanut mucosal immunotherapy (PMIT) more commonly called oral immunotherapy (OIT). We are also studying the effect of PMIT on the peanut-specific immune response to determine if tolerance to peanut protein will develop. Based on our preliminary work and recent studies supporting the importance of early oral exposure in tolerance induction, we propose that early treatment of peanut allergy with PMIT will be safe and effective. Children ages 9 to 36 months with peanut allergy will be randomized to receive high or low dose PMIT using peanut flour. Subjects will undergo desensitization on the first day and then increase the doses gradually to a maintenance dose. Doses will be taken daily at home except for dose increases which will be done on the research unit. Subjects will undergo a double-blinded, placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) if challenge criteria are met. Subjects passing the first challenge will stop PMIT and repeat the DBPCFC to assess tolerance. Outcome variables of interest include response to oral food challenges (OFC), skin prick testing, peanut specific serum immunoglobin E (IgE), immunoglobin G (IgG), and immunoglobin G4 (IgG4) and stool immunoglobin A (IgA), T and B cell responses, quality of life, and adverse events. As secondary and exploratory outcomes, these longitudinal results will be compared between high and low dose PMIT groups and controls using appropriate statistical analysis.
The safety and effectiveness of Stimufend have been established in pediatric patients. No overall differences in safety were identified between adult and pediatric patients based on postmarketing surveillance and review of the scientific literature. 

Use of Stimufend in pediatric patients for chemotherapy-induced neutropenia is based on Stimufend's approval as a biosimilar to pegfilgrastim and evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies of pegfilgrastim in adults with additional pharmacokinetic and safety data of pegfilgrastim in pediatric patients with sarcoma [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) and Clinical Studies (14.1)]. 

The use of Stimufend to increase survival in pediatric patients acutely exposed to myelosuppressive doses of radiation is based on Stimufend's approval as a biosimilar to pegfilgrastim, evidence from efficacy studies of pegfilgrastim conducted in animals, and clinical data supporting the use of pegfilgrastim in patients with cancer receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Efficacy studies of pegfilgrastim products could not be conducted in humans with acute radiation syndrome for ethical and feasibility reasons. Results from population modeling and simulation indicate that two weight-based doses of pegfilgrastim (Table 1) administered one week apart provide pediatric patients weighing less than 45 kg with exposures comparable to that of adults receiving two 6 mg doses one week apart [see Dosage and Administration (2.3), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) and Clinical Studies (14.2)].