anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a prevailing and deadly complication of sepsis coupled with increasing incidence and fatality rate. Annexin A3 (ANXA3) has been unraveled to be upregulated during sepsis. This study purposed to assess the role and the mechanism of ANXA3 in sepsis-induced ALI. After the construction of mouse model of sepsis, the pathological changes of mice lung tissues were estimated by H&E staining. ANXA3 expression in mice lung tissues and serum was examined. The degree of pulmonary edema and the levels of inflammatory factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were analyzed. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse ALI model in vitro, CCK-8 assay measured cell viability and flow cytometry analysis detected cell apoptosis. Besides, ELISA assay detected the release of inflammatory cytokines. Western blot analyzed the expression of proteins associated with inflammation, apoptosis and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/ETS-like gene 1 (ELK1) signaling. Results revealed that ANXA3 was overexpressed in the lung tissues and serum of septic mice. Following the knockdown of ANXA3, sepsis-induced lung injury was alleviated, manifested as reduced lung edema, decreased inflammatory cell infiltration and inhibited cell apoptosis. Additionally, ANXA3 silence blocked ERK/ELK1 signaling both in sepsis mouse models and in vitro model of ALI induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Moreover, the inhibitory effects of ANXA3 silencing on ERK/ELK1 signaling activation, the viability damage, inflammation and apoptosis in LPS-induced mouse ALI model in vitro were partially reversed by ERK activator. Collectively, depletion of ANXA3 exerted suppressive effects on the inflammation and apoptosis in sepsis-induced ALI through blocking ERK/ELK1 signaling.
To carry out this study, 120 patients (age ≥6 and \<18 years at the screening visit) will be enrolled in this observational study. After obtaining the informed consent from the parents and the patient, the followings will be performed: clinical examination by a physician, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to assess bone density mineral and body composition, collection of a blood sample to assess the inflammatory status of the IBD patient. The patient will be asked also to fill in a questionnaire in order to assess quality of life. He will wear an accelerometer during 7 consecutive days for assessing daily physical activity in free living conditions. The main objective is to assess the relationship between daily physical activity and bone health in children and adolescents with IBD. The secondary objectives are to assess the relationship between daily physical activity and: 1) body composition and 2): quality of life in IBD children and adolescents. To our knowledge, this study is the first to assess the relationship between bone health and daily physical activity in IBD children and adolescents.
There is a clear survival benefit with the use of adjuvant cytotoxic therapy for most women with invasive breast cancer, even in those who have hormone receptor positive disease and receive adjuvant hormonal therapy with tamoxifen.1 In addition, several trials have shown a benefit for anthracycline based regimens over the more classic combination of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil.1-4 The improved efficacy with taxanes in the adjuvant setting has more recently been demonstrated for patients with lymph-node positive disease.5-8 Despite clear survival benefits with cytotoxic therapy, the 10 year-disease specific mortality remains suboptimal at 69-78% and 49-53% for patients with and without lymph node involvement, respectively.9

Of the 180,000 women diagnosed with breast cancer in the United States, about one-fourth are pre-menopausal.10-13 Breast cancer clearly represents one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies in this patient population. With the common use of adjuvant chemotherapy, long-term sequelae of treatment are becoming increasingly important. In addition to the acute toxicities of anthracycline and cyclophosphamide-based regimens,5 one side effect with both psycho-social and physical implications is pre-mature menopause.13-17 The frequency of menopause induced by poly-agent chemotherapy ranges from 34-89%.16,18,19 Multiple factors (both patient and drug-related) play a role in explaining this large variability. The age of the patient (at time of therapy),13,19,20 type of chemotherapy drugs,18,21 and duration and intensity22 of therapy all influence the overall likelihood of a patient prematurely entering menopause after therapy. In a previously reported study, age and systemic therapy were important variables in determining menopause in women with loco-regional breast cancer in multivariate analysis.19 Women with advancing age had a higher rate of menopause as expected. Hormonal therapy, and to a much greater degree, systemic therapy predicted early menopause. The combination of systemic and hormonal therapy appeared to have an additive effect on induction of menopause. Of importance, however, the added impact of hormonal therapy (when added to cytotoxic therapy) appears to play a minimal role in the induction of menopause when compared to cytotoxic therapy alone. It is also likely that intrinsic host genetic variability may also play a role as well. The variable ability to metabolize and clear a drug may, in part, affect efficacy and toxicity of these drugs and may ultimately impact the effect of the drug on ovarian function. One important example of this relates to polymorphisms in enzymes important in the clearance of the described drugs. To date, little work has been done to understand the importance of inter-individual, host specific variability on the risk of a breast cancer patient experiencing drug-induced, pre-mature menopause.
Integrin αvβ6 holds promise as a therapeutic target for organ fibrosis, yet targeted therapies are hampered by concerns over inflammatory-related side effects. The role of αvβ6 in renal inflammation remains unknown, and clarifying this issue is crucial for αvβ6-targeted treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, we revealed a remarkable positive correlation between overexpressed αvβ6 in proximal tubule cells (PTCs) and renal inflammation in CKD patients and mouse models. Notably, knockout of αvβ6 not only significantly alleviated renal fibrosis but also reduced inflammatory responses in mice, especially the infiltration of pro-inflammatory macrophages. Furthermore, conditional knockout of αvβ6 in PTCs in vivo and co-culture of PTCs with macrophages in vitro showed that depleting αvβ6 in PTCs suppressed the migration and pro-inflammatory differentiation of macrophages. Screening of macrophage activators showed that αvβ6 in PTCs activates macrophages via secreting IL-34. IL-34 produced by PTCs was significantly diminished by αvβ6 silencing, and reintroduction of IL-34 restored macrophage activities, while anti-IL-34 antibody restrained macrophage activities enhanced by αvβ6 overexpression. Moreover, RNA-sequencing of PTCs and verification experiments demonstrated that silencing αvβ6 in PTCs blocked hypoxia-stimulated IL-34 upregulation and secretion by inhibiting YAP expression, dephosphorylation, and nuclear translocation, which resulted in the activation of Hippo signaling. While application of a YAP agonist effectively recurred IL-34 production by PTCs, enhancing the subsequent macrophage migration and activation. Besides, reduced IL-34 expression and YAP activation were also observed in global or PTCs-specific αvβ6-deficient injured kidneys. Collectively, our research elucidates the pro-inflammatory function and YAP/IL-34/macrophage axis-mediated mechanism of αvβ6 in renal inflammation, providing a solid rationale for the use of αvβ6 inhibition to treat kidney inflammation and fibrosis.
Hemorrhagic cystitis may be induced by infection, radiation therapy, or medications or may be idiopathic. Along with hemorrhagic features, symptoms include urinary urgency and frequency, dysuria (painful urination), and visceral pain. Cystitis-induced visceral pain is one of the most challenging types of pain to treat, and an effective treatment would address a major unmet medical need. We assessed the efficacy of a purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor, 8-aminoguanine (8-AG), for the treatment of hemorrhagic/ulcerative cystitis. Lower urinary tract (LUT) function and structure were assessed in adult Sprague-Dawley rats, treated chronically with cyclophosphamide (CYP; sacrificed day 8) and randomized to daily oral treatment with 8-AG (begun 14 days prior to CYP induction) or its vehicle. CYP-treated rats exhibited multiple abnormalities, including increased urinary frequency and neural mechanosensitivity, reduced bladder levels of inosine, urothelial inflammation/damage, and activation of spinal cord microglia, which is associated with pain hypersensitivity. 8-AG treatment of CYP-treated rats normalized all observed histological, structural, biochemical, and physiological abnormalities. In cystitis 8-AG improved function and reduced both pain and inflammation likely by increasing inosine, a tissue-protective purine metabolite. These findings demonstrate that 8-AG has translational potential for reducing pain and preventing bladder damage in cystitis-associated LUT dysfunctions.
The caregivers randomly assigned to Usual Care (UC) group will receive resource information regarding Alzheimer's association and local social service information at the baseline home visit by CHW. At recruitment, the participants will be told that at the end of the 6 months they will receive a smartwatch and a smartring for their participation. CHWs will contact them monthly for 6 months by phone answering only general questions from participants. CHW will also visit participants' home at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months to administer survey assessments.
LuCa is a free interactive CME/CE online course entitled, "Lung Cancer and the Primary Care Provider". For the purpose of this study, participants will be asked to complete session 1 which offers 1.0 continuing education credit hours, including AMA PRA Category 1 credits, AANP, and AAFP Prescribed credits.
Intervention All students who agreed to participate in the study received theoretical training on Basic Life Support based on the AHA 2015 guidelines from an Emergency Medicine faculty member who holds an AHA First Aid Instructor Certificate for 2 class hours. After the training, the control group students practiced standard CPR, while the intervention group listened to music that would be used during CPR and then performed CPR with music accompaniment.
Patients will receive PO magnesium 400 mg, Zofran 4 mgODT, and Tylenol 500 mg in the emergency department. They will then continue with 500 mg Tylenol BID and 400 mg MagOx tablets BID for the next 5 days. Symptom severity scores will be obtained and compared throughout this time as mentioned in the study design.
INTRODUCTION: Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is characterized by scarring alopecia of the frontotemporal scalp and facial papules. Isotretinoin is a vitamin A-derived retinoid discovered in 1955 and approved for treating nodulocystic acne. This drug can also affect facial papules and frontotemporal hair loss in patients with FFA. In this article, we conducted a review of the available studies investigating the use of oral isotretinoin for FFA treatment. Our study provides insights into the efficacy and safety of isotretinoin as a potential treatment option for FFA and highlights areas for future research.
METHOD: In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential advantages and disadvantages of isotretinoin as a treatment for FFA. To identify all relevant articles, we developed a comprehensive search strategy and conducted a thorough search of three major databases: PubMed, Embase, and Science Direct. We retrieved a total of 82 articles from the search results. Two independent reviewers then screened each of the 82 articles based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in the identification of 15 articles that were deemed relevant to our study.
RESULTS: Across the 15 articles, 232 patients who suffered from FFA were involved. Nearly 90% of patients experienced a significant reduction of symptoms after receiving oral isotretinoin at 10-40 mg daily. We conclude that isotretinoin can positively affect facial papules and help suppress hair loss.
PURPOSE:A whitening cosmetic having inhibiting actions on tyrosinase activity and decoloring actions on melanin dyestuff, exhibiting improved effect, capable of being used safely, obtained by adding pantetheine or its  derivative to a cosmetic base. CONSTITUTION:A whitening cosmetic obtained by adding pantetheine and or its derivative to a cosmetic base. Especially a pantetheine acyl derivative shown by the formula (all R1-R3 are not H, at least one is straight-chain or branched chain acyl and the others are H) is preferable, and an acryl group is properly selected from 2-20C acyl groups corresponding to the types of cosmetics. For example, in the case of water-soluble cosmetic, 2-6C acyl group (e.g., S-monobutanoyl pantetheine, etc.) is used, and in the case of oil-soluble cosmetic, 8-20C acyl group (e.g., S,O-dilauroyl pantetheine, etc.) is used.
Conversion from a CNI-based regimen to a Rapamune-based regimen was assessed in stable liver transplant patients 6–144 months post-transplant. The clinical study was a 2:1 randomized, multi-center, controlled trial conducted at 82 centers globally, including the US and Europe, and was intended to show that renal function was improved by conversion from a CNI to Rapamune without adversely impacting efficacy or safety. A total of 607 patients were enrolled.

The study failed to demonstrate superiority of conversion to a Rapamune-based regimen compared to continuation of a CNI-based regimen in baseline-adjusted GFR, as estimated by Cockcroft-Gault, at 12 months (62 mL/min in the Rapamune conversion group and 63 mL/min in the CNI continuation group). The study also failed to demonstrate non-inferiority, with respect to the composite endpoint consisting of graft loss and death (including patients with missing survival data) in the Rapamune conversion group compared to the CNI continuation group (6.6% versus 5.6%). The number of deaths in the Rapamune conversion group (15/393, 3.8%) was higher than in the CNI continuation group (3/214, 1.4%), although the difference was not statistically significant. The rates of premature study discontinuation (primarily due to adverse events or lack of efficacy), adverse events overall (infections, specifically), and biopsy-proven acute liver graft rejection at 12-months were all significantly greater in the Rapamune conversion group compared to the CNI continuation group.
Prior to delivery, the trained neonatal team prepares both the Tandem and a transport incubator as a backup. Delayed umbilical cord clamping will be performed for at least one minute unless prompt resuscitation required. Then, infants will be stabilized on a resuscitation table following European Resuscitation Council guidelines, with applying electrodes for continous monitoring of heart rate, saturation and temperature. After initial stabilization respiratory support will be continued if needed using the Tandem's gas supply. In cases when, antibiotics or continuous IV glucose infusion are necessary, peripheral venous catheters will be placed before departure. In case of respiratory support, nasogastric tube will be insterted. Infants will be then transferred to the NICU under the supervision of a pediatric nurse and/or pediatrician with the Tandem in skin-to-skin position with either the mother or the father. Whenever possible, SSC will be continued for at least 120 minutes before placing the infant in an incubator. Blood glucose measurement will take place at least once during the procedure.
Chronic neuropathic pain and chronic tinnitus have been likened to phantom percepts, in which a complete or partial sensory deafferentation results in a filling in of the missing information derived from memory. 150 participants, 50 with tinnitus, 50 with chronic pain and 50 healthy controls underwent a resting state EEG. Source localized current density is recorded from all the sensory cortices (olfactory, gustatory, somatosensory, auditory, vestibular, visual) as well as the parahippocampal area. Functional connectivity by means of lagged phase synchronization is also computed between these regions of interest. Pain and tinnitus are associated with gamma band activity, reflecting prediction errors, in all sensory cortices except the olfactory and gustatory cortex. Functional connectivity identifies theta frequency connectivity between each of the sensory cortices except the chemical senses to the parahippocampus, but not between the individual sensory cortices. When one sensory domain is deprived, the other senses may provide the parahippocampal 'contextual' area with the most likely sound or somatosensory sensation to fill in the gap, applying an abductive 'duck test' approach, i.e., based on stored multisensory congruence. This novel concept paves the way to develop novel treatments for pain and tinnitus, using multisensory (i.e. visual, vestibular, somatosensory, auditory) modulation with or without associated parahippocampal targeting.
Approximately 15% of patients with advanced gastric cancer have HER2 overexpression and the combined use of trastuzumab and other cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents, such as 5-FU and cisplatin, in these patients is associated with a significantly improved survival rate compared with cytotoxic chemotherapy alone. So, the combination of trastuzumab and chemotherapy is currently being used as a standard treatment in HER2 positive advanced gastric or gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. However, after failing first line treatment with such regimen, second line treatment is determined regardless of HER2 status, and the most preferred treatment is ramucirumab and paclitaxel combination chemotherapy.

Recently, the use of trastuzumab in combination with other cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents has been reported to be superior to the use of cytotoxic chemotherapy alone in the treatment of patients with HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer. On the basis of several guidelines, it is recommended to extend the use of trastuzumab after disease progression. In addition, in some retrospective studies of metastatic gastric cancer, it has been reported that treatment with trastuzumab in combination with second line chemotherapy followed by first line chemotherapy including trastuzumab is beneficial and it is worthwhile to be tested in the prospective study. Furthermore, data on the safety and efficacy of cross-administration of trastuzumab biosimilar have not been available yet.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for cleaning the teeth by a liquid composition for the oral cavity, capable of sufficiently cleaning and removing bacteria in the oral cavity and a residue which can not be removed by removal of a food residue and preventing intraoral diseases such as gingivitis, periodontitis, plaque deposition, etc. by using the composition after removal of a food residue. SOLUTION: This cleaning method is characterized in that plaque deposition and gingivitis are prevented by using the liquid composition for the oral cavity containing a germicide and an antiinflammatory agent after removal of a food residue. A cationic surfactant is preferable as the germicide. A qlycyrrhetate is preferable as the antiinflammatory agent. The amount of the liquid composition for the oral cavity used is preferably 5-25 milliliter.
Adult-onset intussusception, particularly associated with colonoscopy, is extremely rare. A 78-year-old man, referred to our hospital for colonic endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), experienced subsequent dull abdominal pain, as well as elevated peripheral blood leukocytosis and C-reactive protein levels. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a colocolonic intussusception at the hepatic flexure. Emergency colonoscopy revealed ball-like swollen mucosa distal to the EMR site of the ascending colon. The mucosa was intact without necrosis. The endoscopic approach was able to temporarily release the intussusception. A transanal drainage tube was inserted through the endoscope to prevent relapse. Both CT and colonoscopy showed release of the intussusception. Our case underscores the importance of considering colocolonic intussusception in post-colonoscopy abdominal pain, advocating for endoscopic management after excluding mucosal necrosis.
Hemorrhage is one of the leading causes of preventable death. While minor injuries can be treated mainly by conventional methods, deep and irregular wounds with profuse bleeding present significant challenges, some of which can be life-threatening and fatal. This underscores the need to develop easily applicable FDA-approved hemostatic treatments that can effectively stanch blood loss at the point of care before professional medical care. A silicone-based bandage system (SilFoam), a non-compressible, self-expanding, antibacterial hemostatic treatment, is reported here. Its two-component system reacts in situ upon mixing to form a stretchable sponge that acts as a 'tamponade' by expanding within seconds with the evolution of oxygen gas from the interaction of the reactive components present in the formulation. This generates autogenous pressure on the wound that can effectively arrest heavy bleeding within minutes. Possessing optimal adhesive properties, the expanded sponge can be easily removed, rendering it optimal for hemostatic wound dressing. With recent advances in biotechnological research, there is a growing awareness of the potential issues associated with in vivo trials, spanning ethical, psychological, economic, and physiological concerns like burnout and fatigue. Bearing this in mind, a unique manikin system simulating a deep abdominal wound has been employed to investigate SilFoam's hemostatic efficacy with different blood-flow rates using a non-invasive model that aims to provide an easy, fast, and economical route to test hemostatic treatments before in vivo studies. This is the first time an Ag2O-based oxygen-induced foaming system has been reported as a hemostatic agent.
Due to the heavy demand for this clinical program, there is a naturally-occurring waitlist of approximately 3 months. Control participants are assessed during this period.