anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently and successively produce a shaped preparation hardly causing adhesion of a shaped material to a forming machine by mixing a specific additive with a lubricant, forming the mixture and thereafter shaping a pharmaceutical prescript component. SOLUTION: This method for producing a shaped preparation comprises a step for mixing a fluidizing agent with a lubricant, a step for shaping the mixture (the first forming) and a step for shaping a pharmaceutical prescript component (the second forming) after discharging the shaped product of the first forming. The method is most effectively carried out by alternatively and successively carrying out the shaping. The fluidizing agent is exemplified by a crystalline cellulose, lactose, sucrose, mannitol, calcium phosphate and calcium citrate. The lubricant is preferably an alkaline earth stearate. The mixing proportion of the lubricant to the fluidizing agent is 1 pt.wt. lubricant to 2-20 pts.wt. fluidizing agent.
Many African-Americans and Latinos with diabetes do not achieve the recommended goals for normal blood sugar, blood pressure, or cholesterol level, placing them at high risk for complications. This study will evaluate the impact of a novel intervention designed to improve lifestyle behaviors and medication adherence, and intensify therapy to reach goals. The first component of the intervention includes a clinic-based pharmacist disease management program. The program includes detailed patient assessments, physician-approved treatment plans, patient education and support services to enhance medication adherence. In addition, this program includes intensification of medication therapy to improve blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels to reach recommended goals. The second component of the intervention includes health promoters (HPs), or community-based lay health workers. Health promoters are commonly found in minority communities and provide assistance for individuals overcoming language, cultural, and other barriers to conventional health care services. They may provide autonomy support and solve problems related to medication adherence barriers. Furthermore, health promoters may complement pharmacist activities by improving access to medications, assisting in continuity of care with providers, monitoring response to therapy, and reinforcing educational messages. The proposed study will determine whether the addition of health promoters to clinic based pharmacist service delivery improves care. The study will involve the recruitment of 300 African-American and Latino adults with uncontrolled diabetes through the University of Illinois Medical Center in Chicago and randomization to one of two groups: (1) pharmacist management (Pharm) for 12 months; or (2) pharmacist management with HP support (Pharm+HP) for 12 months. Cross-over will occur at 12 months such that the Pharm group will be intensified by the addition of HP support and HP support will be phased out from the Pharm+HP group to assess maintenance. The specific aims include: (1) To evaluate the effectiveness of Pharm+HP compared with Pharm alone on diabetes behaviors (including healthy eating, physical activity, and medication adherence), hemoglobin A1c, blood pressure, and LDL-cholesterol levels; (2) To evaluate the maintenance of improved diabetes behaviors as well as clinical outcomes by phasing out HP support from the Pharm+HP group after year 1; (3) To evaluate the intensification offered by adding an HP after one year of Pharm alone; and (4) To evaluate the cost and cost-effectiveness of Pharm+HP and Pharm alone.
AMI is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in public health globally, as well as in China. Remarkable variations of repercussion time and clinical outcome have been noted, however little information is available about how shortened D2B time is incorporated appropriately into routine clinical practice in China. In addition, basic data and evidence about effectiveness of treatment for AMI during long-term recovery is limited. Practical and applied knowledge from large unselected population is needed to guide practice for improvement.

This study will enroll patients with a confirmed diagnosis of AMI consecutively in China. At study entry, participants will be interviewed during their index hospitalization, to collect information about symptoms, functioning, quality of life, and medical care. Demographic characteristics, medical history, clinical features, diagnostic tests, medications, procedures, and in-hospital outcomes of patients will be abstracted from medical records by well trained professional abstractors. At 1 month, and 12 month after discharge, participants will return to the clinic for follow up visits. This study will examine system delay that may affect patients recovery after a heart attack. Effective clinic path system, and risk model for AMI patients will be established based on the findings, to improve patients outcomes in future finally.
The present disclosure provides systems and methods for medication disposal, e.g., at a medical institution or a pharmacy. For example, a system for medical disposal can comprise a receiving unit configured to receive a medication from a user. The medication can be an unused or leftover portion of a prescribed medication for a subject in need thereof. The system can comprise one or more sensors operatively coupled to the receiving unit. The one or more sensors can be configured to detect the medication received by the receiving unit. The system can comprise an analysis engine operatively coupled to the one or more sensors. The analysis engine can be configured to determine a score indicative of a management of the prescribed medication by the user, based at least in part on (i) the detection of the medication received.
Subjects first receive active tDCS plus cognitive training every weekday for 10 days. After washout period of 4 weeks, they will perform at-home sham tDCS plus cognitive training every weekday for 10 days.
Therapeutic inhibition of platelet activation is essential for the management of ischemic cardiovascular disease. The use of platelet adenosine diphosphate (ADP) P2Y12 receptor antagonists (clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor) in addition to aspirin are associated with a decrease in cardiovascular events in high-risk coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Clopidogrel is the most broadly utilized P2Y12 receptor antagonist. However, among clopidogrel treated patients, there is broad variability in antiplatelet drug response which is known carry prognostic implications. Polymorphisms of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 enzyme has been consistently shown to modulate clopidogrel response. Accordingly, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a warning on the potential for reduced efficacy of clopidogrel among carriers of loss-of-function alleles (LOF) for CYP2C19 and suggest considering alternative antiplatelet therapies for these individuals.

The pharmacodynamic (PD) effects of prasugrel and ticagrelor are not affected by CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms. However, to date there are no head-to-head PD comparisons between these agents among patients with different CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms which is currently under investigation in CAD patients undergoing PCI at UF Health-Jacksonville (UFJ 2014-12, NCT 02065479). In order to rule out play of chance findings, pharmacogenetic investigations require external validation cohorts to support the study findings. Therefore, the present randomized study is designed to serve as an external validation cohort conducted in patients with established CAD not undergoing PCI testing the non-inferiority in platelet reactivity of prasugrel versus ticagrelor among CYP2C19 LOF allele carriers.
A Phase 2, open-label, randomized, parallel group, multi-centered study designed to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of a 2-dose series of avian influenza vaccine plus AS03 adjuvant according to different regimens, in adults aged 18-64 years. All subjects will receive active study vaccine; no subjects are to receive placebo. A total of 312 subjects will be enrolled in this study at approximately 3 study centers in Canada. All subjects will attend formal study center visits for safety and immunogenicity assessments on Days 0, 21, 42, and 182. Additional formal study center visits will be scheduled at additional timepoints for subjects in particular dose groups. In addition, a telephone call will be conducted for all subjects on Day 51
This therapy will consist of once daily subcutaneous injections (100mg/day) during a period of 4 weeks. Patients will be monitored at week 1 and week 4 after starting medication for development of side effects. Therapy will be stopped in case of severe side effects, interfering disease or pregnancy. During the intervention period, use of co-medication is only allowed when used for ≤14 consecutive days, on the condition that there are no known interactions with anakinra. Oral contraceptives and/or paracetamol can be used without a limitation. During the follow-up period, there are no limitations regarding the use of medication. All co-medication will be registered precisely and reported afterwards.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) coenzymes are carriers of high energy electrons in metabolism and also play critical roles in numerous signaling pathways. NAD metabolism is decreased in various cardiovascular diseases. Importantly, stimulation of NAD biosynthesis protects against heart disease under different pathological conditions. In this review, we describe pathways for both generation and catabolism of NAD coenzymes and the respective changes of these pathways in the heart under cardiac diseases, including pressure overload, myocardial infarction, cardiometabolic disease, cancer treatment cardiotoxicity, and heart failure. We next provide an update on the strategies and treatments to increase NAD levels, such as supplementation of NAD precursors, in the heart that prevent or reverse cardiomyopathy. We also introduce the approaches to manipulate NAD consumption enzymes to ameliorate cardiac disease. Finally, we discuss the mechanisms associated with improvements in cardiac function by NAD coenzymes, differentiating between mitochondria-dependent effects and those independent of mitochondrial metabolism.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Atrophied jaw is a condition where there is insufficient bone quantity and quality. Several treatment plans are available for treating atrophied jaws, including subperiosteal implants.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the spectrum of subperiosteal implants for severely atrophied jaws using digital technology.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: An electronic and manual search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Publications of cohort studies, case series, and case reports written in English without data restrictions that reported on subperiosteal implant management of patients with severely atrophied jaws in a completely and partially edentulous population.
RESULTS: A total of 26 articles, comprising 302 cases, were analyzed. In patients with severely atrophied jaws. The success rate was 87.7%, the surviving rate was 95.3%. The most common complications were biological, such as dehiscence and framework exposure. The rates of biologic complications were 11.5%, and the rates of prosthetic problems were 5.9%.
CONCLUSIONS: Subperiosteal implants designed and constructed using digital technology are a promising treatment in the short term. Attention should be directed to decrease the biological complication. Correct designing, implanting, fixing, and patient selection and maintenance are critical for the success of the treatment. Longer prospective studies with larger population are needed to view the effect on hard and soft tissue.
AIM: Chronic tonsillitis (CT) is a very common ear, nose, and throat disease worldwide, and in severe cases it can cause sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome, which can affect the patient's health and can even be life-threatening. Low-temperature plasma radiofrequency tonsillectomy is one of the commonly used methods for treating CT with remarkable results, but more detailed reports are lacking. In this study, we aimed to explore the impact of low-temperature plasma radiofrequency tonsillectomy on pain, inflammatory markers, and sleep quality in adult CT patients for clinical reference.
METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on adult patients diagnosed with CT at our hospital between June 2019 and October 2023. Patients were categorized into a control group receiving traditional tonsillectomy and a treatment group undergoing low-temperature plasma radiofrequency tonsillectomy. The groups were compared in terms of baseline characteristics, surgical parameters, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, 36-item short form (SF-36) health survey questionnaire scores, inflammatory markers, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores. Group differences in postoperative complications were also analyzed.
RESULTS: There were 160 patients, 80 in the treatment group (50 males and 30 females, mean age 28.90 ± 2.46 years) and 80 in the control group (46 males, 34 females, mean age 28.89 ± 2.01 years). Differences between the two groups in terms of age, sex, duration of disease, smoking history, body mass index, and other baseline characteristics were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Operation time, intraoperative bleeding, return to normal diet, and pseudomembrane detachment time in the treatment group were all significantly lower than in the control group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in VAS or SF-36 scores before treatment (p > 0.05). Post-treatment, both groups had lower VAS scores and higher SF-36 scores in the treatment group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in levels of inflammatory markers before treatment (p > 0.05). Both groups showed increased levels of inflammatory markers post-treatment, but the treatment group had lower post-treatment levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and hypersensitive-C reactive protein (hs-CRP) than the control group (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in PSQI scores before treatment (p > 0.05). Following treatment, both groups had decreased PSQI scores, with lower scores in the treatment group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The complication rate was lower in the treatment group than in the control group, with rates of 8.75% and 23.75%, respectively (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Low-temperature plasma radiofrequency tonsillectomy for adult CT patients offers advantages such as shorter surgical time, reduced intraoperative bleeding, minimal trauma, and fewer postoperative complications. This procedure significantly alleviates pain, improves quality of life, reduces levels of inflammatory markers, and enhances sleep quality.
Carcinogenesis   
Tumors were not increased by venlafaxine treatment in mice or rats. Venlafaxine was given by oral gavage to mice for 18 months at doses up to 120 mg/kg per day, which was 1.7 times the maximum recommended human dose on a mg/m 2 basis. Venlafaxine was also given to rats by oral gavage for 24 months at doses up to 120 mg/kg per day. In rats receiving the 120 mg/kg dose, plasma concentrations of venlafaxine at necropsy were 1 times (male rats) and 6 times (female rats) the plasma concentrations of patients receiving the maximum recommended human dose. Plasma levels of the O-desmethyl metabolite (ODV) were lower in rats than in patients receiving the maximum recommended dose. O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV), the major human metabolite of venlafaxine, administered by oral gavage to mice and rats for 2 years did not increase the incidence of tumors in either study. Mice received ODV at dosages up to 500/300 mg/kg/day (dosage lowered after 45 weeks of dosing). The exposure at the 300 mg/kg/day dose is 9 times that of a human dose of 225 mg/day. Rats received ODV at dosages up to 300 mg/kg/day (males) or 500 mg/kg/day (females). The exposure at the highest dose is approximately 8 (males) or 11 (females) times that of a human dose of 225 mg/day.   
Mutagenesis   
Venlafaxine and the major human metabolite, ODV, were not mutagenic in the Ames reverse mutation assay in Salmonella bacteria or the Chinese hamster ovary/HGPRT mammalian cell forward gene mutation assay. Venlafaxine was also not mutagenic or clastogenic in the in vitro BALB/c-3T3 mouse cell transformation assay, the sister chromatid exchange assay in cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells, or in the in vivo chromosomal aberration assay in rat bone marrow. ODV was not clastogenic in the in vitro Chinese hamster ovary cell chromosomal aberration assay or in the in vivo chromosomal aberration assay in rats.   
Impairment of Fertility   
Reproduction and fertility studies of venlafaxine in rats showed no adverse effects of venlafaxine on male or female fertility at oral doses of up to 2 times the maximum recommended human dose of 225 mg/day on a mg/m 2 basis. However, reduced fertility was observed in a study in which male and female rats were treated with O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV), the major human metabolite of venlafaxine, prior to and during mating and gestation. This occurred at an ODV exposure (AUC) approximately 2 to 3 times that associated with a human venlafaxine dose of 225 mg/day.
UNLABELLED: People living with chronic primary or secondary musculoskeletal pain conditions such as low back pain, fibromyalgia, and inflammatory arthritis typically experience wide-ranging impacts on their physical function, activity participation, and psychosocial wellbeing. These can extend to negative impacts on a person's sexual function and their intimate relationships. While sexual function is an important component of wellbeing, it is often not considered within musculoskeletal pain care. Without awareness or targeted training, physical therapists may lack the confidence and skills to screen, assess, and manage the impacts that pain may be having on a person's sexual function and can miss the opportunity to tailor their care and optimize wellbeing. This article seeks to raise awareness among physical therapists of how living with chronic musculoskeletal pain can impact a person's sexual function and intimate relationships, and provide guidance on how to consider these issues within a person-centered approach to care. It describes why considering sexual function and intimate relationship issues as part of a person's lived musculoskeletal pain experience may be relevant, outlines the use of validated patient-reported outcome measures to assess sexual dysfunction, and suggests practical strategies for sensitively raising sexual function in consultations. Management approaches and possible referral pathways are also presented, to assist physical therapists in understanding available care options. This article seeks to support holistic care by improving physical therapists' knowledge and understanding of sexual dysfunction and its management in people living with chronic musculoskeletal pain.
IMPACT: Considering sexual function as a valued functional activity, together with other activities of daily living, will assist physical therapists to provide more holistic and person-centered care. This article covers the main considerations for raising sexual function and intimate relationship issues with people living with chronic musculoskeletal pain, as well as management options and potential referral pathways. Physical therapists are encouraged to seek targeted training to improve their confidence and skills in this area, and to use inclusive, respectful language for discussions around sexual function and intimate relationships.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between coronary heart disease (CHD) and the risk of perioperative ischemic stroke in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.
METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated the incidence of ischemic stroke within 30 days after a noncardiac surgery. A cohort of 221,541 patients who underwent noncardiac surgery between January 2008 and August 2019 was segregated according to whether they were diagnosed with CHD. Primary, sensitivity, and subgroup logistic regression analyses were conducted to confirm that CHD is an independent risk factor for perioperative ischemic stroke. Propensity score matching analysis was used to account for the potential residual confounding effect of covariates.
RESULTS: Among the 221,541 included patients undergoing noncardiac surgery, 484 patients (0.22%) experienced perioperative ischemic stroke. The risk of perioperative ischemic stroke was higher in patients with CHD (0.7%) compared to patients without CHD (0.2%), and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that CHD was associated with a significantly increased risk of perioperative ischemic stroke (odds ratio (OR), 3.7943; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.865-4.934; p < 0.001). In a subset of patients selected by propensity score matching (PSM) in which all covariates between the two groups were well balanced, the association between CHD and increased risk of perioperative ischemic stroke remained significantly significant (OR 1.8150; 95% CI, 1.254-2.619; p = 0.001). In the subgroup analysis stratified by age, preoperative β-blockers, and fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR), the association between CHD and perioperative ischemic stroke was stable (p for interaction >0.05). Subgroup analyses also showed that CHD was significantly increased the risk of perioperative ischemic stroke in the preoperative mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≥94.2 mmHg subgroups (p for interaction <0.001).
CONCLUSION: CHD is significantly associated with an increased risk of perioperative ischemic stroke and is an independent risk factor for perioperative ischemic stroke after noncardiac surgery. Strict control of preoperative blood pressure may reduce the risk of perioperative ischemic stroke for patients with CHD undergoing noncardiac surgery.
Objective: To assess the safety and feasibility of Bi's intestinal loop binding treatment of esophageal jejunal anastomotic leak after total gastrectomy. Methods: Bi's Intestinal loop binding are suitable for patients who underwent radical total gastrectomy+Roux-en-Y anastomosis and were confirmed by upper gastrointestinal angiography to have esophageal jejunal anastomotic leakage and whose conservative or endoscopic treatment was ineffective. The operation procedure is as follows: take the original central incision of the upper abdomen, remove the abscess around the anastomoses after ventral incision, and place drainage tube inside the abscess, which is convenient to rinse and drain after operation. A double 1-0 VICRYL is applied to the loop of gastrointestinal surrogate 10-15 cm proximal to the jejuno-jejunal anastomosis. The knot tension is tight to prevent regurgitation of digestive juices, but too much force should be avoided to cut the intestinal tract. Nutritional jejunostomy fistula was performed at 10‒15 cm distal to the jejuno-jejunal anastomosis and gastric tube was retained during the operation. The preoperative and postoperative data from 12 patients with jejunal esophageal anastomotic leak after total radical gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y anastomosis were retrospectively analyzed from October 2016 to January 2023 in gastrointestinal surgery and pancreas surgery at Shanxi People's Hospital, and observed the curative effect. Results: 12 patients were managed with Bi's Intestinal loop binding, operative time (60.0±20.8) minutes, median bleeding (50±10.8) ml, median hospital stay 20(12~28) days, and median reviewing upper and mid Gastrointestinal Contrast time postoperatively 61(52~74) days. The results showed that the anastomoses healed well, all the small intestine showed good imaging, the binding wire fell off by itself, and two patients had incision infection. Conclusions: It is safe and feasible for patients with esophageal jejunostomy fistulae after total gastrectomy to use the method of Bi's Intestinal loop binding.