anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Clinical characteristics and treatment practice of patients with migraine in Japan in real-world setting have not been fully investigated. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using claims database to understand the clinical practice of migraine in recent years and to characterize patients potentially not managed well by current treatment options.
METHODS: Our study used data from the large claims database maintained by JMDC Inc. Patients with diagnosis of headache or migraine between January 1, 2018, and July 31, 2022, were defined as the headache cohort, and those with migraine diagnosis and prescription of migraine treatments among the headache cohort were included in the migraine cohort. In the headache cohort, characteristics of medical facilities and status of imaging tests to distinguish secondary headache were examined. Treatment patterns and characteristics of patients potentially not managed well by acute/preventive treatment were described in migraine cohort.
RESULTS: In the headache cohort, 989,514 patients were included with 57.0% females and mean age of 40.3 years; 77.0% patients visited clinics (with ≤ 19 bed capacities) for their primary diagnosis, and 30.3% patients underwent imaging tests (computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging). In the migraine cohort, 165,339 patients were included with 65.0% females and mean age of 38.8 years. In the migraine cohort, 95.6% received acute treatment while 20.8% received preventive treatment. Acetaminophen/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were most common (54.8%) as the initial prescription for migraine treatment followed by triptan (51.4%). First treatment prescription included preventive treatment in 15.6%, while the proportion increased to 82.2% in the fourth treatment prescription. Among patients with more than 12 months of follow-up, 3.7% had prescription patterns suggestive of risk of medication-overuse headache, and these patients were characterized by a higher percentage of females and a higher prevalence of comorbidities.
CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that approximately one-fifth of the patients with migraine visiting medical facilities use preventive drugs. The presence of potential patients at risk of medication-overuse headache and the role of clinics in migraine treatment were also described.
Human voltage-gated sodium (hNaV) channels are responsible for initiating and propagating action potentials in excitable cells, and mutations have been associated with numerous cardiac and neurological disorders. hNaV1.7 channels are expressed in peripheral neurons and are promising targets for pain therapy. The tarantula venom peptide protoxin-II (PTx2) has high selectivity for hNaV1.7 and is a valuable scaffold for designing novel therapeutics to treat pain. Here, we used computational modeling to study the molecular mechanisms of the state-dependent binding of PTx2 to hNaV1.7 voltage-sensing domains (VSDs). Using Rosetta structural modeling methods, we constructed atomistic models of the hNaV1.7 VSD II and IV in the activated and deactivated states with docked PTx2. We then performed microsecond-long all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the systems in hydrated lipid bilayers. Our simulations revealed that PTx2 binds most favorably to the deactivated VSD II and activated VSD IV. These state-specific interactions are mediated primarily by PTx2's residues R22, K26, K27, K28, and W30 with VSD and the surrounding membrane lipids. Our work revealed important protein-protein and protein-lipid contacts that contribute to high-affinity state-dependent toxin interaction with the channel. The workflow presented will prove useful for designing novel peptides with improved selectivity and potency for more effective and safe treatment of pain.
Sham transcranial direct current stimulation will be delivered via a Neuroelectrics Starstim tES. The sham setup will consist of anodal electrode Fz (International 10/10 System for electroencephalography electrode placement) and electrodes F7, FP1, FP2, and F8 as returns. All electrodes are 1 cm diameter Ag/AgCl electrodes and make contact with the scalp via connective gel. Stimulation will linearly ramp up from 0 milliamps to 1 milliamp over 60 seconds, ramp down to 0 milliamps over 60 seconds and then be left off for 20 minutes.
The invention provides a composition including at least one iron chelating compound and at least one antifungal agent. The composition can include the iron chelating compounds deferiprone or deferasirox. An antifungal agent included in the composition can include a polyene antifungal agent, an azole antifungal agent or an echinocandin antifungal agent. The invention also provides a method of treating or preventing a fungal condition. The method includes administering to an individual having, or susceptible to having, a fungal condition a therapeutically effective amount of at least one iron chelating compound for a sufficient time to reduce the severity of a fungal condition, wherein the iron chelating compound comprises a non-siderophore or non-xenosiderophore relative to the fungal condition. A method of treating or preventing a fungal condition provided by the invention also can include administering to an individual having, or susceptible of having, a fungal condition a therapeutically effective amount of at least one iron chelating compound and at least one antifungal agent. Provided further by the invention is a method including prophylactic administration of the at least one iron chelating compound or at least one iron chelating compound and at least one antifungal agent prior to onset of the fungal condition.
This study will analyze the SLC26A4 mutation, and audiological and imaging characteristics of PS/NSEVA to summarize the clinical manifestations of PS/NSEVA patients. The study also will analyze the effects of SLC26A4 mutation and inner ear imaging on the degree of hearing loss in PS/NSEVA patients to provide predictive measures for the genetic diagnosis and clinical phenotype of PS/NSEVA. Finally, the effects of sex and age on the degree of hearing loss in patients with PS/NSEVA will be analyzed to provide insight on PS/NSEVA pathogenesis.
Sarcopenia is a skeletal muscle disorder characterized by progressive and generalized decline in muscle mass and function. Although it is mostly known as an age-related disorder, it can also occur secondary to systemic diseases such as malignancy or organ failure. It has demonstrated a significant relationship with adverse outcomes, e.g., falls, disabilities, and even mortality. Several breakthroughs have been made to find a pharmaceutical therapy for sarcopenia over the years, and some have come up with promising findings. Yet still no drug has been approved for its treatment. The key factor that makes finding an effective pharmacotherapy so challenging is the general paradigm of standalone/single diseases, traditionally adopted in medicine. Today, it is well known that sarcopenia is a complex disorder caused by multiple factors, e.g., imbalance in protein turnover, satellite cell and mitochondrial dysfunction, hormonal changes, low-grade inflammation, senescence, anorexia of aging, and behavioral factors such as low physical activity. Therefore, pharmaceuticals, either alone or combined, that exhibit multiple actions on these factors simultaneously will likely be the drug of choice to manage sarcopenia. Among various drug options explored throughout the years, testosterone still has the most cumulated evidence regarding its effects on muscle health and its safety. A mas receptor agonist, BIO101, stands out as a recent promising pharmaceutical. In addition to the conventional strategies (i.e., nutritional support and physical exercise), therapeutics with multiple targets of action or combination of multiple therapeutics with different targets/modes of action appear to promise greater benefit for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.
They will receive scheduled topical ice therapy for 24 hours after surgery. It will be applied over abdominal incisions for 20 minutes every 2-3 hours. Acetaminophen and an NSAID will be scheduled for 96 hours. While inpatient, they will receive acetaminophen 975 mg every 8 hours and IV Toradol 15-30 mg every 6 hours with change to ibuprofen 800 mg every 8 hours when tolerating oral intake. They may take oxycodone 5 mg every 4-6 hours as needed (PRN) for breakthrough pain and pain score \>6. They may use ice PRN after 24 hours. They will be prescribed acetaminophen 1000 mg every 8 hours and ibuprofen 800 mg every 8 hours for 96 hours postoperative. They may take them as needed after. If the participant used 0 narcotics in the first 24 hours, they will not be prescribed a narcotic. If up to 5 tablets were used, they will be prescribed 5 tablets of oxycodone 5 mg every 6 hours PRN. If more than 5 tablets were used, they will be prescribed 10 tablets of oxycodone 5 mg every 6 hours PRN.
A method of administering growth hormone includes (a) osmotically shocking aquatic animals for about 60 seconds with a hyperosmotic salt solution; and (b) placing the shocked aquatic animals in a tank containing a solution of about 300 mg/l of growth hormone (preferably bST). The treatment solution is  preferably at least slightly saline. The aquatic animals are immersed in the  treatment solution for between about 30 minutes and about two hours. The growth hormone solution is supersaturated with oxygen to place the aquatic animals in a state of suspended animation. Depending on the aquatic species treated, the osmotic salt solution and the treatment solution may be refrigerated. The aquatic animals are preferably treated when less than 24 hours old.
Persons who are using drugs that suppress the immune system, such as corticosteroids, including ARNUITY ELLIPTA, are more susceptible to infections than healthy individuals. Chickenpox and measles can have a more serious or even fatal course in susceptible children or adults using corticosteroids. In such children or adults who have not had these diseases or been properly immunized, particular care should be taken to avoid exposure. How the dose, route, and duration of corticosteroid administration affect the risk of developing a disseminated infection is not known. The safety and effectiveness of ARNUITY ELLIPTA have not been established in pediatric patients less than 5 years of age and ARNUITY ELLIPTA is not indicated for use in this population. The contribution of the underlying disease and/or prior corticosteroid treatment to the risk is also not known. If a patient is exposed to chickenpox, prophylaxis with varicella zoster immune globulin (VZIG) or pooled intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) may be indicated. If a patient is exposed to measles, prophylaxis with pooled intramuscular immunoglobulin (IG) may be indicated. (See the Prescribing Information for VZIG, IVIG, and IG.) If chickenpox develops, treatment with antiviral agents may be considered.

ICS should be used with caution, if at all, in patients with active or quiescent tuberculosis infections of the respiratory tract; systemic fungal, bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections; or ocular herpes simplex.
The Phase 1a portion (N=6 subjects) consists of an open-label, single-arm, study design - dose escalation. The potentially conducted Phase 1b portion of the study (N=20 subjects) consists of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study design.
At Day Hospital Talassemia ed Emoglobinopatie of Ferrara, two different PRBCs are available. The two types of blood components are obtained from whole blood, pre-storage leukoreduced and suspended in saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol (SAGM). One method of preparation consists of the whole blood leukoreduction with subsequent plasma removal. The other method first separates plasma, buffy coat, and RBCs, and then the RBCs are leukoreduced. The two methods mainly differ in the final haemoglobin (Hb) content: the Hb level is lower (-13%, approximately) in the second method that also shows the advantage to produce platelets from the buffy coat. A PRBCs unit is not as strictly defined as a therapeutic medication dose (pill or vial): individual PRBCs units may substantially differ in their Hb content, much more than the average difference between the two types of preparations. The aim of this study is to document the extent of the average difference between the two types of preparations, and its impacts on the transfusion indices of ß-Thalassaemia transfusion-dependent patients. All patients will receive each blood component for a period of 6 months (crossover design), for a total of 12 months of transfusion treatment per patient.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hairdye composition which hardly shows color loss caused by washing the hair after dyeing, a method of dyeing the hair using the hairdye and a method of preventing color loss from the dyed hair.  <P>SOLUTION: The hairdye includes components (A)-(C) below. The method of dyeing the hair includes applying the hairdye to the hair, letting it stand for 1-60 minutes, and washing it away. The method of preventing color loss from the dyed hair includes applying a composition containing the component (A) to the hair during the hairdyeing or after the hairdyeing. (A) Astaxanthine or its derivatives. (B) An oxidizer. (C) An alkaline agent.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT
Participants will serve their own control. Participants will receive 3 drops of ofloxacin otic solution intra- and post-operatively 3 times per day for 3 days in ONE ear. Ear sidedness will be randomized by participant.
The phase I study was performed in 10 healthy subjects and 10 patients with CL. In healthy individuals (N=5) Sm29 was applied to healthy skin at a concentration of 5ug and in another 5 Sm29 was used at a dose of 10ug applied twice a day for 20 days. A phase I study was also carried out in 10 patients with CL to assess the occurrence of adverse reactions to Sm29 applied to the ulcerated lesion and to compare the use of two doses of Sm29. In 5 patients, Sm29 was used at a dose of 5ug and applied twice a day, and in 10 patients, a dose of 10ug of Sm29 was used, also applied twice a day. The 10 patients were also treated with glucantime at a dose of 20mg/kg/weight with a maximum dose of 1200mg/day intravenously for 20 days. Patients were evaluated on days 10, 20 and 30 for adverse reactions.
This randomized, double-blind dose study will compare the effectiveness of three active medication doses of dextro-amphetamine sulfate to placebo in the treatment of cocaine dependence. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of the four following dosages of dextro-amphetamine sulfate: 0 mg, 40 mg, 60 mg, or 80 mg. Participants will undergo a 2-week stabilization period followed by a 25-week study period. The study period will include administration of the stable medication dose for 21 weeks, followed by 1 week of dose reduction, and then 3 weeks without medication. All participants will receive weekly cognitive behavioral therapy and electrocardiograms. Participants will be given the option to participate in a voluntary plasma blood draw during Weeks 4, 8, and 20 and will be scheduled for follow-up assessments at Months 1 and 3 post-treatment.
A method for the screening of an agent to determine whether or not it would be useful as an anti-obesity agent. The method includes determining whether such agent stimulates micromotion of cells in vitro. An agent which stimulates cellular micromotion is considered useful as an anti-obesity agent and is a candidate for further testing to determine its particular effectiveness, relative to known anti-obesity agents, for example. Measurement of micromotion activity of cultured human preadipocytes is described. One such compound, 1-carboxyethyl-3,7-dimethylxanthine, has been identified in formula (I). The use of 1-carboxyethyl-3,7-dimethylxanthine in the preparation of a medicament for use in controlling body weight or in treating obesity and a pharmaceutical composition for treating obesity, or for controlling the body weight of a mammal, comprising a therapeutically effective amount of 1-carboxyethyl-3,7-dimethylxanthine are described.
The investigators are intending to enroll Patients who are chronically treated with pyridostigmine for the treatment of any medical condition and presenting at the investigators' outpatient clinics for follow up appointment. Subjects taking pyridostigmine for the treatment of myasthenia gravis will be excluded. Both adults and children older than 12 years of age will be approached. Those subjects that agree to participate will be asked to sign an informed consent. For the participation of minors a parental (or guardian) consent and subject assent will be obtained. Those that participate will answer a few questions pertaining to their medical history and will then undergo electromyograph (CMAP) measurement with repetitive stimulation at 2 sites (ulnar nerve at the wrist and the accessory nerve in the neck). Evoked electromyogram will be recorded on a computer hard drive. Eight percent or greater decrement in the CMAP response on repetitive stimulation will be considered positive.
The Message group will receive the same brief information session as the Control group but also receive daily text messages reinforcing the information provided for 3 months. A key insight from BE is that people typically are initially highly motivated to change their behavior, but their enthusiasm declines over time. To keep the importance of routinizing pill- taking salient (i.e. high on a person's mental priority list), we will send daily text messages using a freely available web platform. These messages will reinforce the information provided at recruitment, and remind participants of their personalized routinization strategy. Messages will be tailored and refreshed based on patient-specific factors including BP control, prior adherence, and current medication regimen.
Omics, bioinformatics, molecular docking, and experimental validation were used to elucidate the hepatoprotective effects, mechanisms, and active compounds of Shandougen (SDG) based on the biolabel-led research pattern. Integrated omics were used to explore the biolabels of SDG intervention in liver tissue. Subsequently, bioinformatics and molecular docking were applied to topologically analyze its therapeutic effects, mechanisms, and active compounds based on biolabels. Finally, an animal model was used to verify the biolabel analysis results. Omics, bioinformatics, and molecular docking revealed that SDG may exert therapeutic effects on liver diseases in the multicompound and multitarget synergistic modes, especially liver cirrhosis. In the validation experiment, SDG and its active compounds (betulinic acid and gallic acid) significantly improved the liver histopathological damage in the CCl4-induced liver cirrhosis model. Meanwhile, they also produced significant inhibitory effects on the focal adhesion pathway (integrin alpha-1, myosin regulatory light chain 2, laminin subunit gamma-1, etc.) and alleviated the associated pathological processes: focal adhesion (focal adhesion kinase 1)-extracellular matrix (collagen alpha-1(IV) chain, collagen alpha-1(VI) chain, and collagen alpha-2(VI) chain) dysfunction, carcinogenesis (alpha-fetoprotein, NH3, and acetylcholinesterase), inflammation (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 [IL-1], IL-6, and IL-10), and oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species, malonaldehyde, and superoxide dismutase). This study provides new evidence and insights for the hepatoprotective effects, mechanisms, and active compounds of SDG.
BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a serious complication which is associated with increased mortality. The RenalGuard system was developed to reduce the risk of AKI after contrast media exposition by furosemide-induced diuresis with matched isotonic intravenous hydration. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the RenalGuard system on the occurrence of AKI after TAVI in patients with chronic kidney disease.
METHODS: The present study is a single-center randomized trial including patients with severe aortic valve stenosis undergoing TAVI. Overall, a total of 100 patients treated by TAVI between January 2017 and August 2018 were randomly assigned to a periprocedural treatment with the RenalGuard system or standard treatment by pre- and postprocedural intravenous hydration. Primary endpoint was the occurrence of AKI after TAVI, and secondary endpoints were assessed according to valve academic research consortium 2 criteria.
RESULTS: Overall, the prevalence of AKI was 18.4% (n = 18). The majority of these patients developed mild AKI according to stage 1. Comparing RenalGuard to standard therapy, no significant differences were observed in the occurrence of AKI (RenalGuard: 21.3%; control group: 15.7%; p = 0.651). In addition, there were no differences between the groups with regard to 30-day and 12-month mortality and procedure-associated complication rates.
CONCLUSION: In this randomized trial, we did not detect a reduction in AKI after TAVI by using the RenalGuard system. A substantial number of patients with chronic kidney disease developed AKI after TAVI, whereas the majority presented with mild AKI according to stage 1 (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT04537325).
BACKGROUND/AIM: This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of two different Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) strains, TICE strain (OncoTICE) and Connaught strain (ImmuCyst), as a first line intravesical instillation therapy in patients with T1 high grade bladder cancer.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with newly diagnosed T1 high-grade bladder cancer who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) followed by intravesical instillation therapy were enrolled. The effects of BCG strain on recurrence, progression, and side effects were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards models.
RESULTS: Among 147 patients, 53 patients received Connaught strain and 94 patients received TICE strain. The completion rate of induction instillation was 92.45% in the Connaught group and 91.49% in the TICE group (p=1.00). The three-year recurrence-free survival rate was 71.7% in the Connaught group and 63.83% in the TICE group (p=0.33), whereas the three-year progression-free survival rate was 96.23% in the Connaught group and 89.36% in the TICE group (p=0.21). On Cox regression test, carcinoma in situ and ≥eight lesions were significant predictors for recurrence. No significant difference was observed in recurrence and progression between the two BCG regimens. The complication rates according to the Cleveland Clinic grading system showed no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.13).
CONCLUSION: Both the Connaught and TICE strains of BCG demonstrated comparable three-year recurrence-free survival rates and three-year progression-free survival rates for T1 high grade bladder cancer, as well as comparable adverse events. Due to the global BCG shortage, further strain comparisons are essential for clinical validation.
The subjects of the study will be recruited from the consecutive series of patients of men and women admitted to Oulu University Hospital due to an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The study population will be randomized into control group (n=25) and study group (n=25) matched with age and gender. For all subjects, clinical status including quality of life questionnaire, exercise capacity and autonomic function measurements will be performed at baseline and after exercise training. Exercise training program is six months for both groups according to current guidelines. All the patients will have a detailed and personalized training prescription. Study group will have virtual augmented reality glasses or computer with training video to motivate and control exercise training prescription at home.
Includes Hotpack, TENS, Ultrasound, home exercise programs and Instrument-assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization Technique. The IASTM therapy was applied for three weeks, two sessions per week, for a total of 6 sessions.