anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
General:

Thyroid hormones reduce the TSH response to TRH. Accordingly, patients in whom TRH is to be used diagnostically should be taken off liothyronine (T3) approximately seven days prior to testing and should be taken off thyroid medications containing levothyroxine (T4), e.g., desiccated thyroid, thyroglobulin, or liotrix, at least 14 days before testing. Hormone therapy is NOT to be discontinued when the test is used to evaluate the effectiveness of thyroid suppression with a particular dose of T4 in patients with nodular or diffuse goiter, or for adjustment of thyroid hormone dosage given to patients with primary hypothyroidism.

Chronic administration of levodopa has been reported to inhibit the TSH response to TRH.

It is not advisable to withdraw maintenance doses of adrenocortical drugs used in the therapy of known hypopituitarism. Several published reports have shown that prolonged treatment with glucocorticoids at physiologic doses has no significant effect on the TSH response to thyrotropin releasing hormone, but that the administration of pharmacologic doses of steroids reduces the TSH response. Therapeutic doses of acetylsalicylic acid (2 to 3.6 g/day) have been reported to inhibit the TSH response to protirelin. The ingestion of acetylsalicylic acid caused the peak level of TSH to decrease approximately 30% as compared to values obtained without acetylsalicylic acid administration. In both cases, the TSH peak occurred 30 minutes post-administration of protirelin.
The study was conducted on eighty patients, forty COPD patients who were diagnosed and classified into four groups according as following: The first group: included 10 patients with a mild stage. The second group: included 10 patients with a moderate stage. The third group: included 10 patients with a severe stage. The fourth group: included 10 patients with a very severe stage. The study also included forty healthy individuals of the same age and sex as COPD patients. All participants gave their informed consent for inclusion before sharing in the study. Every person was submitted to: Full medical history, Clinical examination,Chest x-ray, spirometry and ultrasonographic assessment of diaphragm function (thickness and excursion)
Formulations and methods for transdermal drug delivery compositions that include anastrozole are disclosed. Transdermal anastrozole compositions of the present disclosure may be indicated for treating testosterone deficiency. Disclosed transdermal anastrozole compositions may include permeation enhancers that may improve penetration of anastrozole in human skin. Permeation enhancers within transdermal anastrozole compositions may include oils from Amazon rainforest such as Pracaxi oil,  Plukenetia volubilis  seed oil, Inaja oil, and Patauá oil, which includes behenic and oleic fatty acids that may provide penetration power. Transdermal anastrozole may include organic solvents as transdermal penetration enhancers. Additionally, transdermal anastrozole compositions may include physiological lipids, phospholipids, and one or more butters rich in linoleic acid and linolenic acid that may also provide penetration power with restorative benefits to the skin.
Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a rare congenital disorder that affects the female reproductive system and is characterized by an underdeveloped or absent uterus and vagina. A 17-year-old unmarried female was admitted into the Department of Endocrinology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh in November 2023 for evaluation of primary amenorrhea and poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. She was the 5th issue of non-consanguineous marriage delivered at term by normal vaginal delivery. Her growth pattern and developmental milestones were normal. She had no history of galactorrhea, chronic or cyclic pelvic pain, thyroid dysfunction, excessive exercise, psychiatric illness, or drug abuse. There was no history of such type of illness in her family. She was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus two years back without classic symptoms, and at that time, her blood glucose was 22 mmol/L. She was prescribed metformin and gliclazide. She had no history of hypoglycemia, hyperglycemic crises, or hospital admission. On examination, her body build and nutritional status were normal. Anemia, jaundice, edema, dehydration, lymphadenopathy, acne, hirsutism, acanthosis nigricans, abdominal striae and vitiligo were absent. Her blood pressure was 110/70 without the postural drop, thyroid gland was not enlarged, anthropometric measurements were normal and BMI was 18.4 kg/m2. Her tanner stage was P5 & B4. Genital examination revealed normal female external genitalia, and a blind vaginal pouch was found. Other systemic examinations revealed no abnormality. On laboratory reports, her blood glucose was uncontrolled (HbA1c-10.2%) with glycosuria. Thyroid function test and gonadal hormones were normal. Ultrasonogram of the abdomen revealed uterus, cervix, and upper part of the vagina are absent, and an ectopic left kidney.
This study aimed to investigate the effects and potential mechanism of Polygonati Rhizoma aqueous extract on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) in rats. Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the normal, model,Yupingfeng Granules(1. 5 g·kg~(-1)), and low-, medium-, and high-dose(0. 25, 0. 5, and 1 g·kg~(-1), respectively) Polygonati Rhizoma aqueous extract groups. The rat model of COPD was established by cigarette smoke inhalation for 8 weeks, and then the modeled rats received corresponding treatment for 4 weeks. The grip strength and fecal moisture content were measured, and the lung index was calculated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was employed to determine the levels of interleukin(IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α in the lung tissue. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and Masson staining were performed to assess the pathological changes in the lung tissue. Flow cytometry was used to analyze T lymphocytes and their subpopulations in the peripheral blood, and the immunofluorescence assay and Western blot were employed to measure the protein levels of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4), phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappaB(p-NF-κB), NF-κB, phosphorylated inhibitory kappa B-α(p-IκBα), IκBα, IL-6,and TNF-α in the lung tissue. The results indicated that the treatment with Polygonati Rhizoma aqueous extract significantly reduced the fecal moisture content, enhanced the grip strength, and inhibited inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis in the lung tissue. The treatment increased the Th/Tc ratio and Th cell proportion and decreased the Tc cell proportion in the peripheral blood. Furthermore,the treatment down-regulated the expression levels of TLR4, IL-6, and TNF-α and the p-NF-κB/NF-κB and p-IκBα/IκBα ratios in the lung tissue. In conclusion, Polygonati Rhizoma aqueous extract can ameliorate lung tissue damage in the rat model of COPD by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and the production of inflammatory mediators.
Hutchison-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a rare "premature aging" disease in which children die of severe atherosclerosis at an average age of thirteen years (range 8-20 years). Children with HGPS appear healthy at birth, but within months display signs of growth failure, lipodystrophy, hair loss, and aged skin. Within just a few years they exhibit boney abnormalities including osteoporosis and resorption, coax valga and hip dislocation. The final height approximates 3 feet. Mortality is caused by generalized artherosclerosis leading to strokes and heart attacks. The gene defect causing HGPS has recently been identified as a single base mutation in the gene LMNA, coding for the nuclear protein Lamin A. The spectrum of effects of this gene defect on cellular function, and how these effects culminate in the HGPS disease phenotype, remain to be elucidated. Furthermore, no in-patient multisubject clinical evaluation of children with HGPS has ever been performed, and no therapy exists for any of the complications of HGPS. Hence, baseline studies are critical to determine the extent of organ involvement in HGPS, evaluate disease progression, and design clinical trials of potential treatments. The purpose of this study is to longitudinally investigate the disease characteristics of HGPS using state-of the-art measures of cardiovascular function, comprehensive laboratory testing, in vitro cell culture studies, and extensive medical consultations. HGPS patients will be admitted to the NIH Clinical center as inpatients for approximately 5 days every two years. The information emanating from the proposed studies will assist in assuring appropriate care for children with HGPS, provide a better understanding of the variations in phenotype of HGPS, and stimulate new research into HGPS and the aging diseases associated with HGPS, such as atherosclerosis. These studies will also allow us to evaluate new clinical outcome parameters and to design appropriate therapeutic interventions.
Thirty six patients with unilateral painful internal derangement (ID) (Wilkes' 3-4-5) were included. Patients were divided into 2 groups. In group 1 were treated with only artrosythesis. In group 2 were treated with artrosythesis and liquid platelet rich fibrin. In group 2, patients were injected with 1.5-2cc of liquid platelet-rich fibrin within the superior joint space at operation day. Pain and subjective dysfunction were recorded using a visual analog scale and Helkimo index at operation day and tenth day, one month later and 3 months later.
The invention discloses a medical report generation method based on double-layer semantic collaboration and reasoning. In order to solve the problems of difficult accurate identification of pathological conditions, large difference between medical images and report semantics and the like, a double-layer semantic collaboration and reasoning (DSCI) framework is introduced. It comprises three modules: a semantic association coding (SAE) module that uses advanced concept tags to build meaningful semantic dependencies and calibrate image representations to more accurately identify outlier features. The Visual Semantic Interaction (VSI) module adopts conceptual tags as supervisory signals and intermediate vectors, effectively merging semantic and visual information to bridge the gap to enhance understanding. Finally, the context cross-modal attention (CCA) module is utilized to decode, integrate the global context to improve the accuracy and relevance of the generated report. A large number of experiments of the invention in IU X-Ray, MIMIMIIC-CXR and COVCTR datasets prove that the performance of the DSCI model is superior to the established standard.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new nucleic acid/chitosan complex high in content of nucleic acid, strong in bondability, excellent in safety, usable as a research material for biochemistry, molecular biology, etc. SOLUTION: This water-insoluble nucleic acid/chitosan complex is obtained by bonding of a nucleic acid and precipitation from an aqueous solution of chitosan adjusted to pH about 5, such as a DNA/chitosan. The complex is prepared as a precipitate by mixing the aqueous solution of chitosan adjusted to pH about 5 with an aqueous solution of chitosan. The prepared nucleic acid/ chitosan complex has >=10%(w/w) nucleic acid content, to be concrete, about 30-50%(w/w). The complex is stable in an organic solvent. The complex is usable for extraction, separation and purification of nucleic acid and purification of protein, etc.
Gastroenteritis remains a major cause of morbidity amongst Canadian children. The primary treatment focus revolves around the use of Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) to treat dehydration and replace intravascular volume. Since diarrheal disease in Canadian children usually results in mild dehydration and minimal sodium losses, the use of low sodium Electrolyte Maintenance Solutions (EMS) has become the standard of care. However, given that North American children infrequently develop severe dehydration, it is unclear if the routine use of EMS is justified. When pediatricians directly dispense EMS, 16 children need to be treated to prevent 1 unscheduled office visit, however the upper bound of the 95% confidence interval is an astounding 508 patients. In addition, EMS is considered by some to be prohibitively expensive, with 15% of pediatricians believing it to be too expensive for their patients to purchase. An additional 40% report that taste is a major barrier to consumption. As a result, oral fluid replenishment is often underutilized and IV rehydration employed instead. Our goal is to provide evidence to guide the selection of the optimal ORT fluids in low-risk children, thus increasing its use, enhancing its success, and reducing the reliance on intravenous rehydration. We hypothesize that the strict adherence to EMS use in low-risk children may actually be counterproductive by resulting in reduced fluid intake and potentially increasing the use of intravenous rehydration.
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) promotes gut dysbiosis, and enteric glial reactivity, a feature of intestinal inflammation. Brazil nut modulated enteric glial profile in healthy animals and could modulate these cells in 5/6 nephrectomized rats.Methods: A 5/6 nephrectomy-induced CKD and Sham-operated rats were divided as follows: CKD and Sham received a standard diet and CKD-BN and Sham-BN received a 5% Brazil nut enriched-diet. The protein content of glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), enteric glial marker, and GPx protein content and activity were assessed in the colon. The major phyla of gut microbiota were assessed.Results: CKD-BN group presented a decrease in GFAP content (p = 0.0001). The CKD-BN group modulated the abundance of Firmicutes, increasing its proportion compared to the CKD group. The CKD-BN group showed increased GPx activity in the colon (p = 0.0192), despite no significant difference in protein content.Conclusion: Brazil nut-enriched diet consumption decreased enteric glial reactivity and modulated gut microbiota in the CKD experimental model.
The present disclosure pertains to the recognition that immune responses mediated by CpG oligonucleotides can be affected by the stereochemistry of modified internucleotidic linkages such as phosphorothioates. In some embodiments, the present disclosure relates to chirally controlled CpG oligonucleotide compositions comprising CpG oligonucleotides comprising multiple modified internucleotidic linkages such as phosphorothioate linkages, wherein the oligonucleotides comprise one or more CpG region motifs having defined stereochemistry patterns of chiral internucleotidic linkages. In some embodiments, CpG oligonucleotides comprising one or more CpG region motifs are capable of agonizing an immune response. In some embodiments, CpG oligonucleotides comprising one or more CpG region motifs are antagonistic. Methods for making and using chirally controlled CpG oligonucleotide compositions are also described. In some embodiments, no immune modulation is desired, and the present disclosure provides methods of identifying chirally controlled oligonucleotide compositions which have decreased immune modulation.
Cryotherapy and intermittent pneumatic compression will be applied to the knee joint using a recirculating compression unit and knee sleeve. This unit will recirculate water which is between 1-3° C. Circumferential intermittent pneumatic compression to the knee joint (5 to 50 mm Hg) will be applied in conjunction with cryotherapy. The duration of intervention will be 20 minutes.
Börjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome (BFLS) is an X-linked intellectual disability and endocrine disorder caused by pathogenic variants of plant homeodomain finger gene 6 (PHF6). An understanding of the role of PHF6 in vivo in the development of the mammalian nervous system is required to advance our knowledge of how PHF6 mutations cause BFLS. Here, we show that PHF6 protein levels are greatly reduced in cells derived from a subset of patients with BFLS. We report the phenotypic, anatomical, cellular and molecular characterization of the brain in males and females in two mouse models of BFLS, namely loss of Phf6 in the germline and nervous system-specific deletion of Phf6. We show that loss of PHF6 resulted in spontaneous seizures occurring via a neural intrinsic mechanism. Histological and morphological analysis revealed a significant enlargement of the lateral ventricles in adult Phf6-deficient mice, while other brain structures and cortical lamination were normal. Phf6 deficient neural precursor cells showed a reduced capacity for self-renewal and increased differentiation into neurons. Phf6 deficient cortical neurons commenced spontaneous neuronal activity prematurely suggesting precocious neuronal maturation. We show that loss of PHF6 in the foetal cortex and isolated cortical neurons predominantly caused upregulation of genes, including Reln, Nr4a2, Slc12a5, Phip and ZIC family transcription factor genes, involved in neural development and function, providing insight into the molecular effects of loss of PHF6 in the developing brain.
INTRODUCTION: Obesity is a chronic noncommunicable disease characterized by excessive body fat that can have negative health consequences. Obesity is a complex disease caused by a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. It is characterized by a discrepancy between caloric intake and expenditure. Obesity increases the risk of acquiring major chronic diseases, including heart disease, stroke, cancer, and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Currently, the inhibition of pancreatic lipases (PL) is a promising pharmacological therapy for obesity and weight management. In this study, the inhibition of pancreatic lipase by Cannabis sativa (C. sativa) plant extract and cannabinoids was investigated.
METHODS: The inhibitory effect was assessed using p-nitrophenyl butyrate (pNPB), and the results were obtained by calculating the percentage relative activity and assessed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Kinetic studies and spectroscopy techniques were used to evaluate the mode of inhibition. Diet-induced; and diabetic rat models were studied to evaluate the direct effects of C. sativa extract on PL activity.
RESULTS: Kinetic analyses showed that the plant extracts inhibited pancreatic lipase, with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabinol (CBN) being the potential cause of the inhibition noted for the C. sativa plant extract. CBN and THC inhibited the pancreatic lipase activity in a competitive manner, with the lowest residual enzyme activity of 52 % observed at a 10 μg/mL concentration of CBN and 39 % inhibition at a 25 μg/mL concentration of THC. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy revealed that the inhibitors caused a change in the enzyme's secondary structure. At low concentrations, THC showed potential for synergistic inhibition with orlistat. C.sativa treatment in an in vivo rat model confirmed its inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase activity.
CONCLUSION: The findings in this study provided insight into the use of cannabinoids as pancreatic lipase inhibitors and the possibility of using these compounds to develop new pharmacological treatments for obesity.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether adenomyosis is present in the cornual portion of hysterectomies of symptomatic sterilization device users and in patients hysterectomized for different benign causes and who presented with pelvic pain and/or menstrual alterations.
METHODS: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional, single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted in a secondary level hospital. Cohort 1 consisted of women who had Essure® hysteroscopic sterilization devices inserted between 2009 and 2017, who developed gynecologic symptoms (pelvic pain, heavy menstrual bleeding, and/or abnormal uterine bleeding) and who underwent a hysterectomy for explantation of the devices. Cohort 2 consisted of women with the same gynecologic symptoms, who underwent a hysterectomy for other benign causes. All surgeries were performed by the gynecology team between 2018 and 2022. A descriptive and comparative analysis of sociodemographic, clinical characteristics, and pathologic findings between cohorts was made.
RESULTS: In total, 96 patients were studied (cohort 1 included 34 women, cohort 2 included 62 women). Pelvic pain was found to be more frequent in the cohort of Essure users (76.47% vs. 50%, P = 0.012), with a ratio of three times higher in this group (odds ratio 3.25, 95% confidence interval 1.27-8.28). Adenomyosis was more frequently found in the Essure group, both at corporal and cornual portions, the latter being five times higher in this cohort (relative risk = 5.47; 95% confidence interval 1.17-25.64).
CONCLUSIONS: The present study may be the first to describe cornual adenomyosis related to Essure devices. These devices may play a role in the development of adenomyosis and, consequently, pelvic pain. However, causality is difficult to establish.
BACKGROUND: The current evidence on the use of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) as an airway management technique for general anesthesia (GA) during atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation (CA) is insufficient. This study aims to compare the feasibility, safety, and clinical benefits of LMA and endotracheal intubation (ETI) for airway management in AF CA.
METHODS: One hundred fifty-two consecutive patients with AF who underwent CA under GA were included and divided into two groups based on different airway management methods (66 in the LMA group, 86 in the ETI group). After propensity score matching, a final analysis cohort of 132 patients was obtained to compare procedural parameters, adverse events, and prognosis between the two groups.
RESULTS: The LMA group exhibited significantly shorter total procedural time (p = 0.039), anesthesia induction time (p = 0.015), and recovery time (p = 0.006) compared to the ETI group. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate were significantly lower in the LMA group during extubation and 1-min post-extubation (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the LMA group demonstrated lower MAP levels during intubation (p = 0.029). The incidences of intraoperative hypotension (p = 0.017) and bradycardia (p = 0.032) were significantly lower in the LMA group. The incidences of delayed recovery or delirium (p = 0.027), laryngeal or airway injury (p = 0.016), cough or bucking (p = 0.001), and sore throat (p < 0.001) were significantly lower in the LMA group. There were no statistically significant differences in catheter stability parameters and sinus rhythm maintenance rates between the two groups (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: LMA is feasible, safe, and effective in AF CA as an optimized airway management technique for GA.