anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
MicroRNAs belong to the family of non-coding RNAs that participate in cell proliferation, cell death and development. The Müller glial cells are the inherent and specific neuroglia cells in the retinal organisation and play significant roles in retinal neuroprotection, organisational maintenance, inflammation and immunity, regeneration, and the occurrence and development of retinal diseases. However, only a few studies report the underlying mechanism of how miRNAs drive the function of Müller glial cells in the development of retinal diseases. This review aims to summarise the roles of miRNAs in retinal Müller glial cell function, including gliogenesis, inflammation and immunity, regeneration, the development of retinal diseases, and retinal development. This review may point out a novel miRNA-based insight into retinal repair and regeneration. MiRNAs in Müller glial cells may be considered a diagnostic and therapeutic target in the process of retinal repair and regeneration.
Pharmaceutical compns. contg. as active component as dichloromethane diphosphonate, esp. sodium dichloromethane diphosphonate. Used for treatment of collagen disorders, e.g. osteoarthzosis, polyorthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, acute articular rheumation, generalized lupus and scar tissue formation in man and animals, preferably at doses of 0.5-50 mg/kg. A typical tablet for use in man contained 250 mg of Na dichloromethanediphosphonate, 40 mg of lactose, 2.5 mg of starch and 1 mg of Mg stearate.
PURPOSE: Postoperative hypothermia followed by shivering is a common phenomenon in patients undergoing surgery under anesthesia, and should be prevented and treated in postoperative patient care units. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of warmed serum injection on postoperative shivering and recovery period of patients operated under general and spinal anesthesia.
DESIGN: In this clinical trial, patients to be operated on under general and spinal anesthesia were randomly assigned into two groups of test and control. In the test group, patients received warmed intravenous fluids and blood products. All patients were monitored to record vital signs, incidences of hypothermia and shivering, and recovery period.
METHODS: The collected data were analyzed with repeated measures analysis of variance to detect significant differences between groups and significant changes within groups over time.
FINDINGS: The incidence of nausea, vomiting, and shivering in the intervention and control groups was (4.7%, 42%), (2.8%, 16.8%), and (6.6%, 43%), respectively. Patients in the intervention group had higher body temperature than the control group (<0.001). Also, patients under spinal anesthesia had higher body temperature than patients under general anesthesia (<0.001). Blood pressure reduction was also significantly higher in the control group than in the intervention group. The patients who received warm intravenous serum, and especially those who had received spinal anesthesia spent less time in the recovery room (<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The use of warmed intravenous serum increased the patients' core temperature, reduced their postoperative shivering, and shortened their recovery period. Considering the potential risks associated with hypothermia, using such methods for hypothermia prevention can be highly effective in preventing shivering and prolongation of the recovery period and other potential complications. Anesthesia specialists and technicians are therefore encouraged to use this method as a preventive measure.
Frequent adverse effects have so far tipped the balance of benefits and harms against prostate cancer screening, and therefore the investigators will focus on employing the best possible means for reducing them. The project introduces a novel concept for PC screening that minimises overdiagnosis and overtreatment, while retaining the mortality benefit to shift the balance of screening benefits and harms to a favourable net effect. The strategy for implementation as a randomised screening trial utilises three levels of risk assessment (PSA, kallikrein panel and MRI) before the diagnostic procedure (prostate biopsy), each aimed at eliminating detection of indolent disease. The study hypothesis is that by virtue of the novel three-tiered screening algorithm, the beneficial screening effect (prostate cancer mortality reduction) can be retained, while the overdiagnosis can be largely eliminated. The impact of an integrative approach has never been evaluated - each of the methods has only been assessed in isolation. The breakthrough potential of the proposal lies in combining the three novel approaches and taking them to the forefront of applied research through a randomised trial. The key impact of the study is in defining whether the overall balance of benefits and harms of prostate cancer screening can be reversed by applying the best possible methods to detect only clinically important disease. If the study hypothesis is affirmed, it opens the way to introduction of prostate cancer screening. If the balance of harms and benefits is still unfavourable, the problem of overdiagnosis in prostate cancer may be intractable.
Treatment-experienced human immunodeficiency virus - type 1 (HIV-1) infected participants will take by mouth atazanavir (ATV)/low-dose ritonavir (rtv) 300/100 mg once daily + 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) for 2 weeks pretreatment followed by ATV/rtv 400/100 mg once daily + etravirine (ETR) 200 mg twice daily + 1 NRTI for 48 weeks. If particpating in an optional substudy to assess the effect of adding tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) for 7 days on ATV and ETR pharmacokinetics, participants will take TDF 300 mg once daily for 7 days in addition to their antiretroviral regimen (ETR+ATV/rtv+NRTI).
An implantable medical device  10  such as a catheter with a pharmacologically active ingredient layered between outer and inner elongated member tubes  11  and  13  for minimizing the risk of infection or other physiological afflictions associated with the implantation thereof. The outer and inner elongated member tubes include a base material mixed with a bioactive material including, for example, one and/or the other of rifampin and minocycline. An intermediate tube or layer  18  is positioned between and in communication with the outer and inner elongated member tubes  11  and  13 . The intermediate tube or layer may also include a base material of, for example, silicone with a pharmacologically active ingredient mixed therein. The slower diffusion rate minocycline is included as or part of the bioactive material in the base material of the outer and inner elongated member tubes. The pharmacologically active ingredient or bioactive material such as a mixture of rifampin and minocycline is included in the base material of the intermediate tube or layer, which permeates through the inner and outer member tubes and diffuses therefrom or therethrough for treating tissues surrounding the catheter concomitantly.
The pelvic floor responds to changes in trunk pressure, elevating during low-pressure exhale and descending during high-pressure exhale. Voicing occurs during exhalation, spanning low-to-high trunk-pressure, yet it is unknown how voicing affects the pelvic floor. The aim of this study was to quantify pelvic floor response to voicing and identify if there are differences for women with stress urinary incontinence. We hypothesized that shouting would cause pelvic floor descent, with greater magnitude for incontinent women. Sixty women (38 incontinent, 22 continent) performed four voicing tasks (counting to "4" in speaking/shouting/low-pitch/high-pitch voice) while transperineal ultrasound measured changes in pelvic floor morphology. ANOVA compared variance of responses to voicing and t-tests compared groups. Bladder neck height shortened, levator plate length increased and levator plate angle decreased more during shouting compared to speaking; consistent with pelvic floor straining. There were no differences for high versus low pitch-voicing and small group differences based on continence status. Voicing causes pelvic floor muscles to strain, with greater strain during shouting. Changing vocal pitch does not affect pelvic floor morphology and incontinent women had slight differences from continent women. Voicing may be a safe way to lengthen the pelvic floor without provoking incontinence.
Interferon with continuous infusion 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) regimens have shown response rates ranging from 0-43% in various cancers. Monthly bolus 5-FU + interferon-alfa-2b has not undergone formal phase II testing. In a small pilot study, a 5 consecutive day schedule of 5-FU and interferon-alfa-2b resulted in the limiting toxicities of diarrhea and mucositis. A more limited schedule was recommended. Therefore, it is reasonable to examine such a schedule. In the current study, 5-FU will be followed by interferon-alfa-2b daily for 3 days to attempt to benefit from both the biochemical and immunologic mechanisms described above.
Thoracic malignancies represent a significant burden of disease in the US population. Lung cancer, for example, is the most common cause of cancer mortality in the US among both men and women and long-term survival remains poor with a 5-year survival rate less than 20%. There is significant need for additional therapeutic options for all stages of patients. Esophageal cancer, although less common in the US with an incidence of 1% among new cancer diagnosis, also has significant mortality with a similar survival rate of about 20% at 5 years. There are a variety of additional thoracic malignancies that contribute to morbidity and mortality of the US population including mesothelioma and other pleural based cancers and thymoma. All of these thoracic malignancies pose unique challenges that have limited the effectiveness of current therapies, necessitating the development of new and innovative approaches.

Tumor treatment fields (TTF) have recently been established as a new and effective treatment for a variety of solid tumor malignancies. TTF provides a unique ability to deliver targeted and sustained therapy via an LCR meter. TTF has shown promise for some of the most aggressive malignancies such as glioblastoma and therefore should be considered for aggressive thoracic malignancies as well. In order to develop a TTF protocol that is both efficient and efficacious, the electric field properties of target tumors must be understood. Although well established for some tumors, the complete electric properties of thoracic malignancies as they apply to TTF is still not fully understood. The proposed project is to address this gap of knowledge.

Our plan is to analyze 3-5 tissue probes acquired from 30 patients with a variety of thoracic malignancies. Tissue will be acquired in the operating room and will be analyzed immediately. The investigators will plan to acquire tissue from each type of malignancy including: lung cancer, esophageal cancer and pleural based tumors. After acquisition of data, the investigators will assess the data and continue to acquire patients to obtain significant estimates of overall tissue properties in each type of tumor. The investigators will offer all patients at our center undergoing resection of thoracic malignancies the opportunity to participate in the study. After undergoing an informed consent process in accordance with IRB approval, patients with be formally enrolled. The LCR meter used for electric property analysis of the tissue will be positioned on and secured to a movable cart so that it can be brought to the operating room for rapid tissue analysis following surgical excision of the tumor. Impedance measurements will be collected on multiple sections of excised tissue and will be translated into dielectric properties. All tumor electric property data will be stored securely and remain anonymous of patient identifying data.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fistula formation is a major complication in Crohn's disease [CD] and the role of the immune cell compartment remains to be elucidated. Thus, we compared the immune cell compartment of CD fistula to inflammatory CD colitis using imaging mass cytometry [IMC] and immunofluorescence.
METHODS: A 36-marker panel including structural, functional, and lineage markers for use in IMC was established. This panel was applied to analyse paraffin-embedded CD fistula tract [n = 11], CD colitis [n = 10], and colon samples from non-inflamed controls [n = 12]. Computational methods for cell segmentation, dimensionality reduction, and cell type clustering were used to define cell populations for cell frequency, marker distribution, and spatial neighbourhood analysis. Multiplex immunofluorescence was used for higher resolution spatial analysis.
RESULTS: Analysis of cell frequencies in CD fistulas compared to CD colitis and control colonic samples revealed a significant increase in neutrophils, effector cytotoxic T cells, and inflammatory macrophages in CD fistula samples, whereas regulatory T cells were decreased. Neutrophils in CD fistula expressed significantly more matrix metalloproteinase 9 [MMP9], correlating with extracellular matrix remodelling. Neighbourhood analysis revealed a strong association between MMP9+ neutrophils and effector cytotoxic T cells in both CD fistulas and colitis.
CONCLUSIONS: This study presents the first highly multiplexed single cell analysis of the immune cell compartment of CD fistulas and their spatial context. It links immune cell dynamics, particularly MMP9+ neutrophils, to extracellular matrix remodelling in CD fistulas, offering insights into the complex network of cellular interactions and potential therapeutic targets for CD complications.
PURPOSE:To make the subject paste material of two-material type a non-curing type outside a living body and a curing type inside the living body by adding magnesium oxide to a component of the material comprising calcium phosphate- based powder with co-using a higher fatty acid and to shorter curing time by adding a vegetable resin to at least a component of the material. CONSTITUTION:(A) 100 pts.wt. powdery material composed of 35-95wt.% calcium phosphate-based powder and 5-65wt.% magnesium oxide is used together with (B) 30-400 pts.wt. liquid material composed of preferably at least a species selected from llinoleic acid, linolenic acid and oleic acid and (C) 0.1-50 pts.wt. at least a species of vegetable resin selected from rosin and guaiac resin. The component C is mixed with the component A and/or the component B to afford a paste material of curing type for filling root canal having merits such as having excellent sealing property as readily able to set curing time because of having extremely quick curing inside a living body comparing to outside the living body as the curing is not proceeded in the absence of water and proceeded in the presence of water.
The invention discloses a producing method for selenium-rich cynomorium songaricum extract products. The producing method is characterized by including steps as follows: step one: pretreating cynomorium songaricum, coarsely grinding the cynomorium songaricum and crushing the cynomorium songaricum in an ultramicro manner with an addition of seleninic acid to obtain a selenium-rich cynomorium songaricum ultramicro powder raw material; step two: preparing a cynomorium songaricum ultramicro raw material liquid; and step three: producing various extract products of high-purity micromolecular ester-soluble or semi-ester soluble nanocrystals or micron-sized crystals through a high speed centrifugal separation process and a vacuum drying process. The beneficial effects of the above producing method for the cynomorium songaricum extract products are that: a cynomorium songaricum crude raw material is subjected to deep processing by an ultramicro crushing process so that the cynomorium songaricum raw material is crushed finely with a particle size distribution being uniform. Any heat is not generated during the crushing process and original physical and chemical performance and biological availability of the cynomorium songaricum are substantially improved. Ultrasound wave which is generated during the ultramicro crushing process has a certain sterilizing and fresh-keeping function. Because a cynomorium songaricum liquid extractive is extracted through an organic solvent and is separated by the high speed centrifugal separation process and crystals of the cynomorium songaricum are produced through the vacuum freeze drying process, effective components in the cynomorium songaricum crude raw material is prevented from losing and active components in the cynomorium songaricum are saved furthest. Time of the process flow is shortened. The producing method is energy-saving, can save medicinal raw materials and reduces product costs.
This group will consists of participates who will be on study for 8 weeks using the Sleepwell24 application. Once 20 people are enrolled on the 8 week cohort, a 6 month cohort will open up for 20 different participants.
Aneuploidy is frequently detected in early human embryos as a major cause of early pregnancy failure. However, how aneuploidy affects cellular function remains elusive. Here, we profiled the transcriptomes of 14,908 single cells from 203 human euploid and aneuploid blastocysts involving autosomal and sex chromosomes. Nearly all of the blastocysts contained four lineages. In aneuploid chromosomes, 19.5% ± 1.2% of the expressed genes showed a dosage effect, and 90 dosage-sensitive domains were identified. Aneuploidy leads to prevalent genome-wide transcriptome alterations. Common effects, including apoptosis, were identified, especially in monosomies, partially explaining the lower cell numbers in autosomal monosomies. We further identified lineage-specific effects causing unstable epiblast development in aneuploidies, which was accompanied by the downregulation of TGF-β and FGF signaling, which resulted in insufficient trophectoderm maturation. Our work provides crucial insights into the molecular basis of human aneuploid blastocysts and may shed light on the cellular interaction during blastocyst development.
BACKGROUND: Currently, it is acknowledged that vitamin E, insulin sensitizers and anti-diabetic drugs are used to manage non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), however, these therapeutic interventions harbour adverse side effects. Pioglitazone, an anti-diabetic drug, is currently the most effective therapy to manage NAFLD. The use of natural medicines is widely embraced due to the lack of evidence of their negative side effects. Rooibos has been previously shown to decrease inflammation and oxidative stress in experimental models of diabetes, however, this is yet to be explored in a setting of NAFLD. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of an aspalathin-rich green rooibos extract (Afriplex GRTTM) against markers of hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in an in vitro model of NAFLD.
METHODS: Oleic acid [1 mM] was used to induce hepatic steatosis in C3A liver cells. Thereafter, the therapeutic effect of Afriplex GRTTM, with or without pioglitazone, was determined by assessing its impact on cell viability, changes in mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular lipid accumulation and the expression of genes and proteins (ChREBP, SREBF1, FASN, IRS1, SOD2, Caspase-3, GSTZ1, IRS1 and TNF-α) that are associated with the development of NAFLD.
RESULTS: Key findings showed that Afriplex GRTTM added to the medium alone or combined with pioglitazone, could effectively block hepatic lipid accumulation without inducing cytotoxicity in C3A liver cells exposed oleic acid. This positive outcome was consistent with effective regulation of genes involved in insulin signaling, as well as carbohydrate and lipid metabolism (IRS1, SREBF1 and ChREBP). Interestingly, in addition to reducing protein levels of an inflammatory marker (TNF-α), the Afriplex GRTTM could ameliorate oleic acid-induced hepatic steatotic damage by decreasing the protein expression of oxidative stress and apoptosis related markers such as GSTZ1 and caspase-3.
CONCLUSION: Afriplex GRTTM reduced hepatic steatosis in oleic acid induced C3A liver cells by modulating SREBF1, ChREBP and IRS-1 gene expression. The extract may also play a role in alleviating inflammation by reducing TNF-α expression, suggesting that additional experiments are required for its development as a suitable therapeutic option against NAFLD. Importantly, further research is needed to explore its antioxidant role in this model.
The invention relates to levamisole organic acid salt, a synthetic method for the levamisole organic acid salt and a medicinal composition of the levamisole organic acid salt. The levamisole organic acid salt is represented by a general formula (I). The synthetic method for the levamisole organic acid salt comprises the following steps of: dripping an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide into levamisole hydrochloride which is taken as an initial raw material, reacting for a period of time, extracting by using an organic solvent, and drying and concentrating to obtain white solid levamisole free alkali; and dissolving the levamisole free alkali into a reaction solvent, adding organic acid at certain temperature, reacting under stirring, filtering, freezing a filtrate till the temperature of 2 to 10 DEG C, slowly dripping a precipitation solvent under stirring, precipitating crystals, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain the levamisole organic acid salt. The method is simple and quick and is short in production cycle, low in cost and high in yield, and reaction conditions are mild. The levamisole organic acid salt has high water solubility, stability and bioavailability. The medicinal composition contains a therapeutically effective amount of levamisole organic acid salt shown as the formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
Since tenofovir alafenamide is rapidly converted to tenofovir and a lower tenofovir exposure in rats and mice was observed after tenofovir alafenamide administration compared to TDF administration, carcinogenicity studies were conducted only with TDF. Long-term oral carcinogenicity studies of TDF in mice and rats were carried out at exposures up to approximately 10 times (mice) and 4 times (rats) those observed in humans at the 300 mg therapeutic dose of TDF for chronic hepatitis B. The tenofovir exposure in these studies was approximately 151 times (mice) and 50 times (rat) those observed in humans after administration of VEMLIDY treatment. At the high dose in female mice, liver adenomas were increased at tenofovir exposures approximately 151 times those observed after VEMLIDY administration in humans. In rats, the study was negative for carcinogenic findings.

Tenofovir alafenamide was not genotoxic in the reverse mutation bacterial test (Ames test), mouse lymphoma or rat micronucleus assays.

There were no effects on fertility, mating performance or early embryonic development when tenofovir alafenamide was administered to male rats at a dose equivalent to 155 times the human dose based on body surface area comparisons for 28 days prior to mating and to female rats for 14 days prior to mating through Day 7 of gestation.