anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term influence of preoperative invasive coronary screening and preventive myocardial revascularization on mortality and cardiac complications after open surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA).
MATERIAL AND METHODS: We present long-term outcomes after open surgery for AAA between 2011 and 2022. Patients without clinical or objective signs of coronary artery disease were included. In the 1st group, routine coronary angiography was performed before surgery. Prophylactic myocardial revascularization was performed in 12 cases. Long-term data on 45 patients were obtained. In the 2nd group, 53 patients underwent repair without invasive coronary screening, and data on 48 patients were obtained in this group.
RESULTS: The median follow-up was 32 and 79 months, respectively. Kaplan-Meyer overall 48-month survival was 87.3% and 82.1%, respectively (p=0.278). In the first group, 2 patients developed angina pectoris in the same period. In the second group, we observed 2 cases of myocardial infarction and 3 cases of angina pectoris without infarction. Analysis of survival curves found no significant differences (p=0.165).
CONCLUSION: In our study, invasive coronary screening and preventive myocardial revascularization in patients without clinical and objective signs of coronary artery did not improve 4-year long-term period after abdominal aortic repair. Perhaps, differences will appear after 4 years, and this requires further follow-up after coronary angiography. However, there is a tendency towards more common onsets of coronary artery disease that dictates the need for cardiac monitoring of such patients.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Epidemiological evidence on obesity and cognitive decline in middle and old-aged individuals is controversial and the effect of physical activity in this chain is sparse and limited. This study aimed to characterize the association between obesity and cognitive decline and the mediating role of physical activity.
METHODS: Data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were used, including 7,392 participants aged ≥ 45 years between 2011 and 2018. Cognitive function was assessed via episodic memory and mental status. The total score of cognitive function was the sum of the above two dimensions (0-31 points). The Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) was applied to identify the potential heterogeneity of longitudinal changes in cognitive function. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to investigate associations between obesity and cognitive trajectories, taking body mass index (BMI) as the indicator of obesity. Mediation analysis was performed to examine the potential causal chain in which physical activity mediates the relationship between BMI and cognitive decline.
RESULTS: Of the 7,392 analyzed patients (mean [SD] age, 58.0 [8.5] years; 3,916 [53%] male), the median (interquartile range [IQR]) of BMI was 23.4 (21.1-26.0). Four trajectories were identified by the GBTM model, including the high stable (14.9%), the middle stable (46.0%), the middle decline (29.9%), and the low decline groups (9.2%). After controlling potential confounders, obesity was associated with the low decline groups compared with normal weight (adjusted OR 0.81; 95% CI, 0.70-0.94). Mediation analyses showed that only vigorous physical activity significantly explained 5.94% (95% CI, 0.29-11.60%) of the relationship between obesity and cognitive decline. Sensitivity analyses in different subgroups showed comparable results.
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that vigorous physical activity mediates less than 10% of the association between obesity and cognitive decline in middle and old-aged adults. Further studies are warranted to explore the potential factors related to the obesity paradox in the cognitive field.
Participants who have completed definitive surgery and systemic adjuvant chemotherapy will receive Herceptin for 2 years or until disease recurrence, whichever occurs first. Participants will be observed for efficacy and safety until 10 years from individual randomization and for survival until 10 years after enrollment of the last participant.
Beginning 4-8 weeks after completion of radiation therapy, patients receive nintedanib PO BID on days 1-28 and standard of care durvalumab IV over 60 minutes on days 1 and 15. Treatment with nintedanib repeats every 28 days for up to 6 cycles and treatment with durvalumab repeats every 2 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The second stage of labour includes both the passive and active stages, involving expulsive efforts. The management of this phase of labour aims to minimise the maternal and neonatal complications that could be associated with a prolonged active2nd stage, but also to limit medical interventions. On the maternal side, prolonged duration of expulsive effort appears to be correlated with increased postpartum haemorrhage, perineal injury and, in the long term, urinary and anal incontinence. From a neonatal viewpoint, expulsive efforts carry risks of neonatal acidosis, asphyxia, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit and trauma. Optimal management of expulsive efforts involves several strategies. Various aspects need to be addressed in order to optimise this management, including the timing of the start of expulsive efforts, comparing immediate pushing with delayed pushing, and the duration of expulsive efforts. In addition, it is important to examine the different pushing modalities, whether intense or moderate, using open or closed-glottis pushing, as well as the maternal position during pushing. According to the current literature, no specific technique or predefined duration appears to reduce the risk of neonatal or maternal complications. It therefore seems essential to adopt an individualised approach for each woman, placing her at the centre of the care and decision-making process, in order to take account of her preferences during childbirth.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a single-strand Fv (sFv) polypeptide defining a binding site which exhibits the immunological binding properties of an immunoglobulin molecule which binds c-erbB-2 or a c-erbB-2-related tumor antigen.  <P>SOLUTION: The single-strand Fv (sFv) polypeptide defining a binding site which exhibits the immunological binding properties of an immunoglobulin molecule which binds c-erbB-2 or a c-erbB-2-related tumor antigen. The sFv includes at least two polypeptide domains connected by a polypeptide linker spanning the distance between the C-terminus of one domain and the N-terminus of the other. The amino acid sequence of each of the polypeptide domains includes a set of complementarity determining regions (CDRs) interposed between a set of framework regions (FRs). The CDRs participates in immunological binding to the c-erbB-2 or c-erbB-2-related tumor antigen.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
BACKGROUND: A considerable portion of acutely intoxicated patients is presented with impaired consciousness. Early identification of those patients who require advanced medical care, such as mechanical ventilation (MV), can improve their prognosis.
METHODS: This study included 330 acutely intoxicated patients who were presented with impaired consciousness and admitted to Tanta University Poison Control Center, Egypt, in the period from January 2021 to December 2023. Patients were enrolled in derivation (257 patients) and validation (73 patients) cohorts. Patients' data were analyzed to develop and validate a predictive nomogram to determine the probability of MV need in acutely intoxicated patients.
RESULTS: Significant predictors for MV need were mean arterial blood pressure (OR = 0.96, p = .014), PaO2 (OR = 0.96, p = .001), pH (OR = 0.00, p < . 001), and glucose/potassium ratio (OR = 1.59, p = .030). These four parameters were used to formulate a bedside nomogram. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for the proposed nomogram shows that area under the curve (AUC) = 95.7%, accuracy = 93.4%, sensitivity = 88.9%, and specificity = 95.1%. The internal validation for the developed nomogram was assessed using a bootstrapping method and calibration curve. Regarding external validation, AUCs for the developed nomogram probability was 96.5%, and for predicted probability using the developed nomogram was 97.8%.
CONCLUSION: The current study provides a validated nomogram that could be used as a reliable tool for the accurate prediction of MV need among acutely intoxicated patients with impaired consciousness. It could assist in the early identification of patients who will require MV, especially in low-income countries with limited resources.
The physicians of this group receive a free consultation training program on skills regarding consultations on complementary medicine for breast-cancer patients. The training was developed by a multi-professional team and is comprised of three parts: (1) online-training, (2) on-site-training, and (3) consultation manual. Each of the physicians will counsel 10 patients. The patients in this group therefore receive a consultation by a trained physician.
The application provides betahistine hydrochloride and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of medicines. The betahistine hydrochloride medicine comprises: 6-10 parts of betahistine hydrochloride, 80-92 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 22-30 parts of mannitol, 0.8-1.2 parts of citric acid, 1.5-2.5 parts of silicon dioxide and 1.5-2.5 parts of stearic acid. The preparation method of the betahistine hydrochloride medicament comprises the following steps: mixing betahistine hydrochloride, citric acid and 16-20 parts by weight of water to obtain the wetting agent. Mixing and granulating the microcrystalline cellulose and the mannitol to obtain a first master batch. And mixing the first master batch and a wetting agent for granulation to obtain a second master batch. Mixing the second master batch, silicon dioxide and stearic acid. The medicine prepared by the preparation method can enable the components to be mixed more uniformly, and the obtained medicine is faster in disintegration speed and better in dissolution effect.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a global health concern and the leading cause of dementia in the elderly. The prevalence of this neurodegenerative condition is projected to increase concomitantly with increased life expectancy, resulting in a significant economic burden. With very few FDA-approved disease-modifying drugs available for AD, there is an urgent need to develop new compounds capable of impeding the progression of the disease. Given the unclear etiopathogenesis of AD, this review emphasizes the underlying mechanisms of this condition. It explores not only well-studied aspects, such as the accumulation of Aβ plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, but also novel areas, including glymphatic and lymphatic pathways, microbiota and the gut-brain axis, serotoninergic and autophagy alterations, vascular dysfunction, the metal hypothesis, the olfactory pathway, and oral health. Furthermore, the potential molecular targets arising from all these mechanisms have been reviewed, along with novel promising approaches such as nanoparticle-based therapy, neural stem cell transplantation, vaccines, and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing techniques. Taking into account the overlap of these various mechanisms, individual and combination therapies emerge as the future direction in the AD strategy.
BACKGROUND: Four-weekly intramuscular (IM) benzathine penicillin G (BPG) injections to prevent acute rheumatic fever (ARF) progression have remained unchanged since 1955. A Phase-I trial in healthy volunteers demonstrated the safety and tolerability of high-dose subcutaneous infusions of BPG which resulted in a much longer effective penicillin exposure, and fewer injections. Here we describe the experiences of young people living with ARF participating in a Phase-II trial of SubCutaneous Injections of BPG (SCIP).
METHODOLOGY: Participants (n = 20) attended a clinic in Wellington, New Zealand (NZ). After a physical examination, participants received 2% lignocaine followed by 13.8mL to 20.7mL of BPG (Bicillin-LA®; determined by weight), into the abdominal subcutaneous tissue. A Kaupapa Māori consistent methodology was used to explore experiences of SCIP, through semi-structured interviews and observations taken during/after the injection, and on days 28 and 70. All interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analysed.
PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Low levels of pain were reported on needle insertion, during and following the injection. Some participants experienced discomfort and bruising on days one and two post dose; however, the pain was reported to be less severe than their usual IM BPG. Participants were 'relieved' to only need injections quarterly and the majority (95%) reported a preference for SCIP over IM BPG.
CONCLUSIONS: Participants preferred SCIP over their usual regimen, reporting less pain and a preference for the longer time gap between treatments. Recommending SCIP as standard of care for most patients needing long-term prophylaxis has the potential to transform secondary prophylaxis of ARF/RHD in NZ and globally.
DUSP4 is a biomarker of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), which is responsible for the prognosis in ESCC. However, the underlying mechanism of DUSP4-regulated ESCC carcinogenesis is unknown. As a negative regulator of JNK, DUSP4 can inhibit autophagy, which contributes to tumorigenesis. This study aimed to explore the role of autophagy in DUSP4-regulated ESCC carcinogenesis. Our results showed that DUSP4 overexpression inhibited autophagy and promoted LSD1 protein expression in ESCC cells, while DUSP4 silencing showed the opposite effects. However, DUSP4 overexpression and silencing did not affect LSD1 mRNA expression. But the regulatory ability of DUSP4 overexpression on autophagy, death level, and LSD1 protein was reversed by rapamycin. In addition, DUSP4 overexpression inhibited JNK and Bcl2 phosphorylation and the dissociation of Bcl2-Beclin1 complex, while DUSP4 silencing promoted JNK and Bcl2 phosphorylation. Moreover, the regulatory ability of DUSP4 overexpression on autophagy, death, and LSD1 protein was reversed by JNK activator anisomycin. The xenograft assays also showed that DUSP4 overexpression-promoted ESCC tumor growth in vivo and LC3II and LSD1 protein expression in tumor tissues were reversed by rapamycin or anisomycin. Overall, DUSP4 inhibits Bcl2-Beclin1-autophagy signal transduction through the negative regulation of JNK, thus suppressing autophagic death and the autophagic degradation of LSD1 in ESCC, by which DUSP4 promotes ESCC carcinogenesis.
INTRODUCTION: Strong evidence suggests that olfactory dysfunction (OD) can predict additional neurocognitive decline in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. However, research exploring olfaction and cognition in younger populations is limited. The aim of this review is to evaluate cognitive changes among non-elderly adults with non-COVID-19-related OD.
METHODS: We performed a structured comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Ovid Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library in developing this scoping review. The primary outcome of interest was the association between OD and cognitive functioning in adults less than 60 years of age.
RESULTS: We identified 2878 studies for title and abstract review, with 167 undergoing full text review, and 54 selected for data extraction. Of these, 34 studies reported on populations of individuals restricted to the ages of 18-60, whereas the remaining 20 studies included a more heterogeneous population with the majority of individuals in this target age range in addition to some above the age of 60. The etiologies for smell loss among the included studies were neuropsychiatric disorders (37%), idiopathic cause (25%), type 2 diabetes (7%), trauma (5%), infection (4%), intellectual disability (4%), and other (18%). Some studies reported numerous associations and at times mixed, resulting in a total number of associations greater than the included number of 54 studies. Overall, 21/54 studies demonstrated a positive association between olfaction and cognition, 7/54 demonstrated no association, 25/54 reported mixed results, and only 1/54 demonstrated a negative association.
CONCLUSION: Most studies demonstrate a positive correlation between OD and cognition, but the data are mixed with associations less robust in this young adult population compared to elderly adults. Despite the heterogeneity in study populations and outcomes, this scoping review serves as a starting point for further investigation on this topic. Notably, as many studies in this review involved disorders that may have confounding effects on both olfaction and cognition, future research should control for these confounders and incorporate non-elderly individuals with non-psychiatric causes of smell loss.
Pomaglumetad methionil will be administered orally. Participants entering the study will be flexibly dosed between 20 mg, 40 mg, and 80 mg twice daily.
PURPOSE: To obtain a vaccine for preventing periodontosis capable of safely and effectively suppressing the sticking of a causative microorganism of the periodontosis into the oral cavity. CONSTITUTION: This vaccine for preventing periodontosis uses a polysaccharide, derived from the surface layer of a microbial cell of a causative microorganism of the periodontosis and bound to a polypeptide. Porphyromonas gingivalis or Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is optimal for the causative microorganism of the periodontosis. An inexpensive polypeptide, having a high purification degree and capable of remarkably increasing the antibody value against the polysaccharide in binding thereof to the polysaccharide and conversion into an immunogen is preferred as the polypeptide and various albumins, γ-globulin, casein, etc., are cited. The molecular weight thereof is within the range of preferably 10000-300000, especially preferably 15000-300000.  The method for administration of the vaccine is preferably transmucosal administration such as pernasal, peroral or oral cavity transmucosal administration, etc. The use of an absorbefacient (e.g. bile acid or a surfactant) in combination is especially preferred at that time. The amount of the antigen in the vaccine administered at a time is preferably 0.005-2mg, especially preferably 0.01-0.5mg.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a low-cost, accessible, and noninvasive neuroprotective treatment strategy, but its efficacy and safety in acute ischemic stroke are controversial. With the publication of several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and the recent results of the RESIST trial, it may be possible to identify the patient population that may (or may not) benefit from RIC. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of RIC in patients with ischemic stroke receiving different treatments by pooling data of all randomized controlled studies to date.
METHODS: We searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Elsevier, and Web of Science databases to obtain articles in all languages from inception until May 25, 2023. The primary outcome was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at the specified endpoint time in the trial. The secondary outcomes were change in NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and recurrence of stroke events. The safety outcomes were cardiovascular events, cerebral hemorrhage, and mortality. The quality of articles was evaluated through the Cochrane risk assessment tool. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023430073).
RESULTS: There were 7,657 patients from 22 RCTs included. Compared with the control group, patients who received RIC did not have improved mRS functional outcomes, regardless of whether they received medical management, reperfusion therapy with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), or mechanical thrombectomy (MT). In the medical management group, patients who received RIC had decreased incidence of stroke recurrence (risk ratio 0.63, 95% CI 0.43-0.92, p = 0.02) and lower follow-up NIHSS score by 1.72 points compared with the control group (p < 0.00001). There was no increased risk of adverse events including death or cerebral hemorrhage in the IVT or medical management group.
DISCUSSION: In patients with ischemic stroke who are not eligible for reperfusion therapy, RIC did not affect mRS functional outcomes but significantly improved the NIHSS score at the follow-up endpoint and reduced stroke recurrence, without increasing the risk of cerebral hemorrhage or death. In patients who received IVT or MT, the benefit of RIC was not observed.
FIELD: pharmacology. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention concerns immunology and biotechnology. There is offered human monoclonal antibody specific to TNF-alpha containing light and heavy chain with appropriate CDR3 sites. There are described versions thereof including those based on heavy and light chains and coded by human genes VH3-33 and A30VK1 or VH3-53 and L2VK3 respectively. There are disclosed: the method for estimating the TNF-alpha content in the patient's sample with using specified antibodies, and application of antibodies for preparing a medical product. There are described: compositions for diagnostics and treatment of the conditions associated with TNF-alpha activity on the basis of antibodies. There is disclosed coding nucleic acid, a cell for making said antibodies and the method for making said antibodies. ^ EFFECT: application of the invention ensured high-affinity neutralizing monoclonal antibodies with improved Kd and IC50 in comparison with Infliximab, Adalimumab or Etanercept that can find application in medicine for treatment and diagnostics of the diseases associated with TNF-alpha hyperactivity. ^ 35 cl, 13 dwg, 36 tbl, 14 ex
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the association of early use of oral antiviral drugs (including nirmatrelvir-ritonavir and molnupiravir) with the risk of post COVID-19 condition (PCC) and compare the possible efficacy of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir and molnupiravir.
METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, MedRxiv, and Psycinfo were searched from inception until November 1, 2023. We included studies that assessed the effect of oral antiviral drugs on the incidence of PCC. Pairwise and network meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model. Risk ratios (RRs) for oral antiviral drugs were calculated with a confidence interval (CI).
RESULTS: Nine observational studies containing 866,066 patients were included. Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir and molnupiravir were evaluated in eight and two studies respectively, with both drugs evaluated in one study. Pair-wise meta-analysis showed that early oral antiviral drugs reduced PCC risk (RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.68-0.88). Network meta-analysis showed that nirmatrelvir-ritonavir may perform better than molnupiravir (surface under the cumulative ranking curve: 95.5% vs. 31.6%) at reducing PCC risk.
CONCLUSIONS: Early use of oral antiviral drugs may potentially protect against developing PCC in non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19. These findings support the standardized administration of oral antiviral drugs in patients during the acute phase of COVID-19 according to the guidelines.