anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION/AIMS: Enteral feeding via gastrostomy is a key intervention to prevent significant weight loss in Motor Neuron Disease (MND). The aim of this study was to explore demographic, clinical, and nutritional factors associated with survival time in MND patients with gastrostomy.
METHODS: The retrospective study analyzed 94 MND patients (n = 58 bulbar-onset and n = 36 limb-onset) who underwent gastrostomy between 2015 and 2021. The primary outcome was the survival time from gastrostomy insertion to death. Independent variables of interest explored were: age at gastrostomy insertion, disease onset type, known genetic cause, use of riluzole, non-invasive ventilation (NIV) use, forced vital capacity prior to gastrostomy, weight loss from diagnosis to gastrostomy insertion, and body mass index (BMI) at the time of gastrostomy insertion.
RESULTS: The median survival time from gastrostomy to death was 357 days (± 29.3, 95%CI: 299.5, 414.5). Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test revealed patients with lower body mass index <18.5 kg/m2 at the time of gastrostomy insertion (p = .023) had shorter survival. Cox proportional hazards model with multivariable adjustment revealed that older age (p = .008), and greater weight loss from diagnosis to gastrostomy (p = .003) were associated with shorter survival time post gastrostomy. Limb onset (p = .023), NIV use not being required (p = .008) and daily NIV use when required and tolerated (p = .033) were associated with longer survival.
DISCUSSION: Preventing or minimizing weight loss from MND diagnosis and encouraging NIV use when clinically indicated are modifiable factors that may prolong the survival of MND patients with gastrostomy.
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is estimated to affect 25 million Americans. This condition leads to varicose veins, aching, fatigue, swelling, ulcerations, and bleeding in the lower extremities. The most common cause is a refluxing or incompetent Greater Saphenous Vein (GSV). This condition results in pooling of deoxygenated blood in the lower extremities rather than successful transport of the blood back to the heart and lungs. The historical treatment has been to surgically remove or 'strip' the GSV so that blood is rerouted through the healthier deep veins. A less invasive treatment option, Endovenous Thermal Ablation, has emerged over the last decade and has virtually replaced stripping. This involves advancing a catheter under ultrasound guidance through the GSV and then advancing a laser fiber or radiofrequency probe through the catheter. These devices then produce the energy to destroy the vein as the catheters are slowly pulled back. While both radiofrequency ablation and laser ablation are accepted treatments, neither technology has been definitively proved to have fewer complications or superior results. This is in part because very few practices have the ability to make a head to head comparison between the two technologies and must choose one or the other secondary to financial constraints. The aim of this study is to perform a randomized prospective trial comparing the two modalities so that more definitive information to evaluate complications and outcome can be obtained and then recommendations on which, if either, technology is superior can be made.
Cigarette smoke induces an inflammatory response in the lungs by recruiting inflammatory cells, leading to lung diseases such as lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis. Existing inhalation exposure methods for assessing the adverse effects of cigarette smoke require expensive equipment and are labor-intensive. Therefore, we attempted to develop a novel method to assess these adverse effects using intratracheal instillation (ITI) of whole cigarette smoke condensate (WCSC). The WCSC (0, 5, 10, or 20 mg/mL) was administered by ITI once daily for 6 or 12 days using an automatic video instillator. Repeated WCSC ITI increased the lung weight, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), neutrophil, and lymphocyte levels within bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared to the control. In the histopathological analysis of the lung tissue, a mild inflammatory response was observed in the 6 and 12 days 20 mg/mL WCSC exposure groups. The genome-wide RNA-seq expression patterns revealed that inflammatory and immune response-related genes, such as the chemokine signaling pathway, Th1/Th2 cell differentiation, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, were employed following WCSC exposure. In addition, MCP-1 was time-dependent and increased in the 10 mg/mL exposure group compared to the control group. These results suggested that the WCSC might induce the potential pulmonary inflammatory response. Furthermore, we proposed that ITI may be a rapid and effective method of evaluating the adverse effects of WCSC within a short exposure period (less than 2 weeks), and it can be used to evaluate cigarette inhalation toxicity studies as an alternative method.
All study participants will be followed up for 12 months through active and passive detection visits. Active detection takes place every month for all pathogens except for P. falciparum which is detected every two weeks.
Polypeptides which act as antigens of foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) are produced by microorganisms which have been transformed with plasmids produced using recombinant DNA technology. A suitable plasmid has a gene sequence (produced by chemical synthesis or by reverse transcription) which encodes a polypeptide comprising one or more immunogenic determinants of one or more FMDV proteins, and optionally a fusion protein preferably linked via a cleavage site, the gene sequence being under the control of a promoter. For example. an E. Coli K12 strain was transformed with plasmid pFM1. This is based on plasmid pBR322, with the DNA sequence of codons 8 to 210 of the VP3 gene of FMDV type A12119ab connected to the LE min protein (from pBR322) so as to be in the same reading frame. This assembly is under the control of the E. Coli trp operon. The transformant E. Coli was cultured and caused to express the LE min -VP3 fusion protein. This was isolated and shown by competitive radio immunoassay to have similar antigenic properties to purified natural VP3 protein.
In the VR group, participants will wear virtual reality headsets, experiencing immersive learning in a 3D space with interactive scenarios. Interactive buttons will assist them, making it feel as if they are physically entering a large-scale food service environment. The immersive learning focuses on operating large kitchen equipment, and the first-person perspective will make participants feel as if they are truly in the environment, preparing food in real-time. The VR experience will cover everything from clothing regulations, hygiene and safety precautions, and the use of large kitchen equipment to food service procedures and emergency response. All these aspects are integrated into the learning process.
In the Treatment as Usual (TAU) condition, participants will complete all study assessments (pre-treatment, post-treatment, 2-week, 4-week) without receiving any ONE MORE training. During their study involvement, TAU participants will be encouraged to continue any previously initiated treatment but discouraged from beginning any new form of treatment. Those in the TAU condition will not be sent any training materials.
INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and gout cohabitation severely reduces patient life quality while raising financial burden on individual and society. The aim of this study was to elucidate the association between physical activity (PA) and the prevalence of gout among type 2 DM (T2DM) and hyperuricemia (HUA) patients.
METHODS: In all, we recruited 2291 T2DM patients with HUA. Among them, 448 had gout and 1843 did not. We collected patient data, such as anthropometry, laboratory reports, and medical history, for our analyses. The PA assessment was based on the Chinese version of International PA Questionnaire-short (IPAQ). Moreover, the relationship between PA and gout risk was examined using multivariate logistic regression models.
RESULTS: Total PA was markedly low among gout patients, relative to controls (p < 0.05). Based on the IPAQ categorical score, 38.2% exhibited "low," 26.8% "moderate," and 35.0% "high" PA among gout patients. In comparison, 12.4% performed "low," 53.8% "moderate," and 33.8% "high" PA among controls. Multivariate analysis revealed that, after adjustment of confounding factors, both low (OR 6.382) and high PA (OR 2.048) had a higher prevalence of gout, as compared to moderate PA. Moreover, we revealed that the male sex, age, HUA duration, serum uric acid, glycated hemoglobin, dyslipidemia history, and drinking status were also independent indicators of the prevalence of gout. Furthermore, stratification analyses revealed results consistent with our prior results.
CONCLUSIONS: PA intensity was associated with the prevalence of gout among T2DM and HUA patients, and the lowest prevalence was achieved from moderate intensity PA. Key Points • PA intensity was associated with the prevalence of gout among T2DM and HUA patients. • The lowest prevalence of gout was achieved from moderate intensity PA.
A system for evaluating mental health of patients includes a memory and a control system. The memory contains executable code storing instructions for performing a method. The control system is coupled to the memory and includes one or more processors. The control system is configured to execute the machine executable code to cause the control system to perform the method: A selection of answers associated with a patient is received. The selection of answers corresponds to each question in a series of questions from mental health questionnaires. Unprocessed MM data are received. The unprocessed MRI data correspond to a set of MM images of a biological structure associated with the patient. The unprocessed MRI data is processed to output a set of MRI features. Using a machine learning model, the selection of answers and the set of MRI features are processed to output a mental health indication of the patient.
A method for modeling acute ileus provides for laparotomy, revision of small intestine, and ligation. The midline laparotomy is performed under the general anesthesia with Ketamine. The portion of the ileum is exteriorized and treated with Decametoxin. The mesentery is pierced at the vascular-free area directly beneath the intestinal wall and tied up with slight tension avoiding mechanical traumatization of the intestinal wall. The cavity is washed with Decametoxin solution and dried. The operation wound is sutured layer-by-layer. The suturing of each layer is preceded by Decametoxin treatment.
PURPOSE: While hearing loss is a well-known condition following microvascular decompression (MVD) for hemifacial spasm (HFS), tinnitus is an underreported one. This study aims to identify prevalence, characteristics, severity, and predictors of tinnitus following MVD for HFS.
METHODS: A single-center cohort of 55 HFS patients completed a questionnaire approximately 5 years following MVD. Data encompassed tinnitus presence, side, type, onset, and severity measured by a 10-point Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Descriptive, correlation, and logistic regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS  : At surgery, participants' median age was 58 years (IQR 52-65). The median duration of HFS symptoms before surgery was 5 years (IQR 3-8), slightly predominant on the left (60%). Postoperative tinnitus was reported by 20 patients (36%), versus nine (16%) that reported preoperative tinnitus. Postoperative tinnitus was ipsilateral on the surgical side in 13 patients (65%), bilateral in six (30%), and contralateral in one (5%). Among patients with bilateral postoperative tinnitus, 33% did not have this preoperatively. Tinnitus was continuous in 70% of cases and pulsatile in 30%. Onset of new tinnitus was in 58% immediately or within days, in 25% within three months, and in 17% between three months and one year after surgery. The mean severity of postoperative tinnitus was 5.1 points on the VAS. Preoperative tinnitus and presence of arachnoid adhesions had suggestive associations with postoperative tinnitus in initial analyses (p = 0.005 and p = 0.065). However, preoperative tinnitus was the only significant predictor of postoperative tinnitus (p = 0.011).
CONCLUSION: Tinnitus is a common condition following MVD for HFS, with a moderate overall severity. Causes behind postoperative tinnitus remain obscure but could be related to those of postoperative hearing loss in this patient population. Clinicians should be aware of tinnitus following MVD and vigilantly monitor its occurrence, to facilitate prevention efforts and optimize outcome for HFS patients undergoing MVD.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) is an important comorbid condition in patients with substance use disorders (SUD). The prevalence of ADHD in patients with SUD is estimated 23%, and ADHD is associated with an untoward prognosis of SUD. However, adequate treatment programs for patients with ADHD and SUD are not available. Results of medication trials for patients with ADHD and SUD are disappointing, and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has not yet been investigated in this population. In patients with ADHD without comorbid SUD, the results of CBT in randomized trials are positive. The purpose of this study is to investigate if CBT is effective in treating ADHD symptoms in patients with ADHD and SUD.
Patients enrolled to the observational arm that are NGS-MRD pre-HCT are considered for the Treatment Arm. Patients will receive a myeloablative non-TBI conditioning regimen prior to the transplant consisting on busulfan, fludarabine and thiotepa. Patients will be followed for outcome for up to 5 years.
The invention relates to a novel diagnostic marker CT-proADM (C-terminal fragment of preproADM, SEQ ID No. 1) for diagnosing and/or stratifying the risk of diseases. Also disclosed is a method for diagnosing and/or stratifying the risk of diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases, cardiac insufficiency, and infections and/or inflammations of the lungs and respiratory tract. In said method, the CT-proADM (SEQ ID No. 1) marker, or a partial peptide of fragment thereof, or said marker contained in a marker combination (panel, cluster) is determined in a patient who is to be examined. The invention further relates to a diagnostic apparatus as well as a kit for carrying out said method.
The disruption of ribbon synapses in the cochlea impairs the transmission of auditory signals from the cochlear sensory receptor cells to the auditory cortex. Although cisplatin-induced loss of ribbon synapses is well-documented, and studies have reported nitration of cochlear proteins after cisplatin treatment, yet the underlying mechanism of cochlear synaptopathy is not fully understood. This study tests the hypothesis that cisplatin treatment alters the abundance of cochlear synaptosomal proteins, and selective targeting of nitrative stress prevents the associated synaptic dysfunction. Auditory brainstem responses of mice treated with cisplatin showed a reduction in amplitude and an increase in latency of wave I, indicating cisplatin-induced synaptic dysfunction. The mass spectrometry analysis of cochlear synaptosomal proteins identified 102 proteins that decreased in abundance and 249 that increased in abundance after cisplatin treatment. Pathway analysis suggested that the dysregulated proteins were involved in calcium binding, calcium ion regulation, synapses, and endocytosis pathways. Inhibition of nitrative stress by co-treatment with MnTBAP, a peroxynitrite scavenger, attenuated cisplatin-induced changes in the abundance of 27 proteins. Furthermore, MnTBAP co-treatment prevented the cisplatin-induced decrease in the amplitude and increase in the latency of wave I. Together, these findings suggest a potential role of oxidative/nitrative stress in cisplatin-induced cochlear synaptic dysfunction.
The goal of the intervention is to help women achieve GWG within the range recommended by the Institute of Medicine. The lifestyle intervention will be delivered through 1 telephone counseling session with a study dietician trained in motivational interviewing techniques, as well as through technology-based tools, automated text messages and weekly e-mails of core lifestyle intervention sessions. Personalized text messages and 1:1 telephone coaching sessions will be given to those who are not meeting the GWG guidelines.
In glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1DS) cerebral glucose uptake from the systemic blood circulation is limited, because of deficient transport of glucose across the blood-brain barrier by the transporter protein (GLUT1). Classically patients present with developmental problems, movement disorders and severe epilepsy. There is no curative treatment for GLUT1DS, and anti-epileptic drugs usually have little to no effect. The ketogenic diet, providing ketones as an alternative energy substrate for the brain is an effective treatment option for the epilepsy and movement disorders in many GLUT1DS patients. Unfortunately, not in all GLUT1DS patients the ketogenic diet has a positive effect and other treatment options for these patients are very limited.

Traditionally, lactate is seen as a waste product of glycolysis during anaerobic conditions and a marker of ischemia. Interestingly, research has shown the beneficial side of lactate as an energy source for different organs. It seems that the brain can indeed use lactate as an alternative energy metabolite, besides glucose and ketones. The aim of this study is to investigate whether lactate can be an alternative energy metabolite in the GLUT1DS brain, and reduce epileptic discharges on EEG when intravenously administered in patients with GLUT1DS.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a preparation for external uses for skins, improved in the dispensability of a hydrophobic powdery material by adding an anionic surfactant to a W/O emulsion preparation containing the hydrophobic powdery material. SOLUTION: This preparation for external uses for skins comprises a W/O emulsion preparation compounded with a hydrophobic powdery material (e.g. fine titanium dioxide particles treated with stearic acid). Therein, an anionic surfactant (e.g. sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium polyoxyethyleneoleylether phosphate) is added to the W/O emulsion preparation in an amount of 0.1-5wt.%, preferably 0.1-2wt.%. Furthered, an oiling agent, a humectant, a surfactant, a metal-blocking agent, a UV light absorbent, a medicine, a coloring agent, a powdery material, a perfume, etc., are suitably compounded to prepare the preparation for the external uses for the skins. The surfactant further includes di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinic acid sodium salt, linear dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid sodium salt and N-lauroylglutamic acid monosodium salt.
Irinotecan 90mg/m2/iv over 90min and cisplatin 30mg/m2/iv over 60min on day 1 and 8, repeat Q 3weeks. Four cycles.
PURPOSE:To obtain a water-soluble paramylon deriv. having a strong anticancer action, by reacting paramylon which is a storage polysaccharide of protoza with epichlorohydrin, thereby crosslinking and modifying partially or completely hydroxyl groups of paramylon. CONSTITUTION:Euglena which is a protozoan (e.g., Euglena gracilis) is cultured in a medium such as Colen-Hattner medium, whereby paramylon which is a polysaccharide is stored in cells. The stored paramylon is taken out of the cells by means of sonic disintegration and refined. Then, a water-soluble paramylon deriv. is obtd. by reacting the obtd. paramylon with epichlorohydrin to thereby crosslink and modify partially or completely hydroxyl groups of paramylon. It is suitable that the reaction temp. is about 40-70 deg.C and the reaction time is about 1-5hr. The obtd. water-soluble paramylon deriv. is used as an active ingredient of an anticancer agent.
Bipolar Depression is a severe illness with high rates of psychiatric comorbidity and increased mortality related to suicide and medical illness. Hypothalamic pituitary axis (HPA) hyperactivity are found in bipolar disorder related to depression and mixed states. Patients with bipolar disorder also have cognitive difficulties and endocrine disturbances may contribute to such dysfunction. Antiglucorticoid therapies are novel treatments of mood disorder. Preliminary data in psychotic depression suggesting that mifepristone (RU-486), a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, has antidepressant and salutary cognitive effects in a matter of days. In this study we examine the effects of mifepristone in severe bipolar depression in a parallel, double blind placebo controlled experiment. Bipolar subjects maintained on either lithium or valproate, after washout or prior antidepressants have a detailed neuroendocrine assessment. Patients approximately or almost 75 will receive eight days of mifepristone versus placebo after which patients are blindly crossed over to the opposite arm. Patients and a group of matched controls approximately or almost 35 will be compared with neuroendocrine, cognitive, and neurophysiologic testing to fully characterize their phenotype and explore biomarkers of response. It is hypothesized that stigmata of HPA axis hyperactivity and cognitive impairment will be predictive of response to antiglucocorticoid therapy with mifepristone.
Morphine is an opioid agonist and a Schedule II controlled substance. Such drugs are sought by drug abusers and people with addiction disorders. Diversion of Schedule II products is an act subject to criminal penalty. 

Morphine can be abused in a manner similar to other opioid agonists, legal or illicit. This should be considered when prescribing or dispensing AVINZA in situations where the physician or pharmacist is concerned about an increased risk of misuse, abuse, or diversion.

Abuse of AVINZA by crushing, chewing, snorting, or injecting the dissolved product will result in the immediate release of the entire daily dose of the opioid and pose a significant risk to the abuser that could result in overdose and death. Intravenous abuse of a water extract of AVINZA may lead to serious pulmonary complications due to the extraction of talc along with morphine sulfate. (see DRUG ABUSE AND ADDICTION)

Concerns about abuse, addiction, and diversion should not prevent the proper management of pain. Healthcare professionals should contact their State Professional Licensing Board, or State Controlled Substances Authority for information on how to prevent and detect abuse or diversion of this product.
Cystic tumor of the atrioventricular node (CTAVN) is the most common primary cardiac tumor cause of sudden death but is rarely found during forensic autopsy. We present five autopsy cases of sudden death from undiagnosed CTAVN. The tumors varied in their histological appearance, which may be related to their variation in clinical presentation. Some of the cases had been diagnosed with epilepsy before death; it seems that syncopal attacks caused by CTAVN may be misdiagnosed as epilepsy. When performing forensic autopsy, CTAVN should be considered in the differential diagnosis of sudden death. Careful examination of the cardiac conduction system is important in every sudden death case regardless of age.
Participant will be randomized to each intervention on separate days (Study visit 3 and 4) in this cross-over trial. Participants that receive HeO2 first will then receive the room air gas mixture. At least 24 hours will separate each visit.
Both the parents and children will receive 8 times intervention program weekly in first session. The telephone counseling will reduce the child's tobacco smoke exposure every weekly in second session. The interventionist and child jointly select behavioral goals for reducing tobacco smoke exposure for the child to work toward. The goals will be formalized as a written smoke exposure reduction plan for any of four specific behaviors, as relevant to that family: (a) smoking cessation for the child, (b) making the child's primary home smoke-free, (c) making non-home locations smoke-free.