anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is an important public health problem worldwide, accounting for an estimated 6-20% of total mortality. A significant proportion of SCD is caused by inherited heart disease, especially among the young. An autopsy is crucial to establish a diagnosis of inherited heart disease, allowing for subsequent identification of family members who require cardiac evaluation. Autopsy of cases of unexplained sudden death in the young is recommended by both the European Society of Cardiology and the American Heart Association. Overall autopsy rates, however, have been declining in many countries across the globe, and there is a lack of skilled trained pathologists able to carry out full autopsies. Recent studies show that not all cases of sudden death in the young are autopsied, likely due to financial, administrative, and organizational limitations as well as awareness among police, legal authorities, and physicians. Consequently, diagnoses of inherited heart disease are likely missed, along with the opportunity for treatment and prevention among surviving relatives. This article reviews the evidence for the role of autopsy in sudden death, how the cardiologist should interpret the autopsy-record, and how this can be integrated and implemented in clinical practice. Finally, we identify areas for future research along with potential for healthcare reform aimed at increasing autopsy awareness and ultimately reducing mortality from SCD.
Despite its considerable and growing burden, there are currently no Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease or its progressive form, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Several glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and other agents are in various phases of clinical development for use in MASH; an ideal therapy should reduce liver fat content, improve chronic liver disease, help mitigate metabolic comorbidities and decrease all-cause mortality. Because of interconnected disease mechanisms, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease/MASH often coexists with type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity and cardiovascular disease. Various GLP-1RAs are Food and Drug Administration-approved for use in T2D, and two, liraglutide and semaglutide, are approved for overweight and obesity. GLP-1RAs decrease glucose levels and body weight and improve cardiovascular outcomes in people with T2D who are at high risk of cardiovascular disease. In addition, GLP-1RAs have been reported to reduce liver fat content and liver enzymes, reduce oxidative stress and improve hepatic de novo lipogenesis and the histopathology of MASH. Weight loss may contribute to these effects; however, the exact mechanisms are unknown. Adverse events that are commonly associated with GLP-1RAs include vomiting, nausea and diarrhoea. There is a lack of evidence from meta-analyses regarding the increased risk of acute pancreatitis and various forms of cancer with GLP-1RAs. Large-scale, phase 3 trials, which will provide definitive data on GLP-1RAs and other potential therapies in MASH, are ongoing. Given the spectrum of modalities under investigation, it is hoped that these trials will support the identification of pharmacotherapies that provide clinical benefit for patients with MASH.
The invention relates to RNA molecules, to methods for preparing RNA molecules, and to methods for translating RNA molecules into protein. The invention extends to improved methods for forming RNA by in vitro transcription, and to the resultant RNA molecules. Furthermore, the invention relates to novel methods for enhancing the expression and/or translation of RNA, i.e. protein expression, and to methods for improving the stability of an RNA molecule. The invention also involves reducing the activation of innate sensing, interferon generation and/or degradation of an RNA molecule in a host. The invention also incorporates the use of the RNA molecules in vaccines and other therapeutic pharmaceutical compositions, and their use in immunisation and therapy, such as RNAi, gene therapy, gene editing and protein replacement.
The global pandemic of metabolic diseases has increased the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the context of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The downregulation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 has been linked to poor prognosis in different cancers including HCC. In order to investigate the role of TRIM21 in liver cancer progression on NASH, Trim21+/+ and Trim21-/- male mice were injected with streptozotocin at the neonatal stage. The hypoinsulinemic mice were then fed with a high-fat high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD) for 4, 8 or 12 weeks. All mice developed NASH which systematically resulted in HCC progression. Interestingly, compared to the Trim21+/+ control mice, liver damage was worsened in Trim21-/- mice, with more HCC nodules found after 12 weeks on HFHCD. Immune population analysis in the spleen and liver revealed a higher proportion of CD4+PD-1+ and CD8+PD-1+ T cells in Trim21-/- mice. The liver and HCC tumors of Trim21-/- mice also exhibited an increase in the number of PD-L1+ and CD68+ PD-L1+ cells. Thus, TRIM21 limits the emergence of HCC nodules in mice with NASH by potentially restricting the expression of PD-1 in lymphocytes and PD-L1 in tumors.
The invention discloses a nano composite skin disinfection emulsion and a preparation method of the same. The nano composite skin disinfection emulsion is composed of a double-chain quaternary ammonium salt compound, an inorganic nano antibacterial substance, an emulsifier, aloe extract liquid and water, wherein the double-chain quaternary ammonium salt compound is didecyldimethylammonium bromide, didecyldimethylammonium chloride or bis(dodecyldimethyl)ethylene diammonium bromide, and the inorganic nano antibacterial substance is nano zinc oxide, nano silver oxide or nano titanium oxide, and the aloe extract liquid is raw liquid from aloe. The emulsion, when acting on staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and candida albicans for 1 min, can reach 100% in killing ratio all. The emulsion is high in inhibiting rates of 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h on natural bacteria. When acting on hands of a subject for 1 min, the emulsion is higher than 90% in average killing rate on natural bacteria. The emulsion is excellent in stability, can be safely used on human skin and mucosa, and is free of damage and stimulation on environment and human body.
An arterial aneurysm is a localized weakening of the artery wall that results in pathological dilatation. All intra-abdominal artery aneurysms are labeled as visceral artery aneurysms (VAA), apart from the aorto-iliac artery aneurysms. VAA´s are rare, gastroduodenal artery aneurysms (GDAA), constituting 1.5% of visceral artery aneurysms. A woman in her early 80s´ presented with chronic epigastric pain, weight loss, and nausea. Conservative management was unsuccessful. Imaging revealed a GDAA, prompting endovascular coil embolization. Subsequent evaluation confirmed Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN), treated with rituximab. The report underscores the diagnostic challenges, emphasizing the need for a multidisciplinary approach using imaging and angiography. GDAA's potential life-threatening rupture necessitates prompt intervention, as illustrated in this case. The rare association with PAN, although infrequent, underscores the importance of considering underlying etiologies in multiple visceral aneurysms. Early diagnosis and intervention are pivotal for this uncommon yet potentially lethal condition.
BACKGROUND: Transforaminal epidural injections (TEI) can alleviate symptoms and help to maintain physical functioning and quality of life in patients with lumbar radicular pain. We aim to develop a prediction model for patient outcome after TEI in patients suffering from unilateral lumbar radicular pain due to lumbar disc herniation (LDH) or single-level spinal stenosis (LSS). The secondary aim is to estimate short-term patient outcome differences between LDH and LSS patients, the association between psychological variables and patient outcome, the rate of additional injections, surgery and complications, and to explore the short-term cost-effectiveness of TEI.
METHODS: This study is designed as a multi-centre, observational, prospective cohort study in two large regional hospitals in the Netherlands. Patients diagnosed with unilateral lumbar radicular pain secondary to LDH or LSS and congruent with MRI findings, who are referred for TEI along usual care pathways, are eligible for study participation. A total of 388 patients with LDH or LSS will be included. A pre-defined set of demographic, clinical and radiological variables will be used as the predictors in the model. The primary outcome measure is the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for leg pain. Secondary outcome measures include back pain, physical functioning, perceived recovery, pain coping strategies, anxiety and depression and use of analgesics and physical therapy. Patients will be evaluated at baseline, 2 weeks and 6 weeks after treatment. NRS leg pain and Likert perceived recovery data will be used as the dependent variables in a generalized linear mixed model for prediction of TEI outcome, with internal validation of performance (explained variation) by bootstrap resampling. Cost-effectiveness for a period of 6 weeks prior to and after treatment will be performed with decision-analytic modelling.
DISCUSSION: Patients with severe lumbar radicular pain often request additional treatment when conservative care is insufficient. TEI can offer relief of symptoms. Currently, it is not possible to predict responsiveness to this treatment for individual patients. This study is designed to explore predictors that can differentiate between patients that will and will not have a positive outcome after TEI. This information may support treatment strategies for this patient group.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov database under registry number NCT04540068 on September 1, 2020.
As a result of increasing rates of obesity Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder affecting 17-46% of adults and parallels the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and its components which also increases the risk of more advanced disease both in adults and in children.

Its pathogenesis is complex and multifactorial, mainly involving genetic, environmental and metabolic factors. New concepts are constantly appearing in the literature, promising new diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Further studies are needed to better characterize not only NAFLD development but overall NAFLD progression, in order to better identify NAFLD patients at higher risk of metabolic, cardiovascular and neoplastic complications. Pharmacological treatments aimed primarily at improving liver disease should generally be limited to those with biopsy-proven Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver ﬁbrosis. Not much therapeutic options for NAFLD are accepted until today besides correction of obesity with hypocaloric diets and physical exercise and controlling hyperglycemia with diet, insulin, or oral hypoglycemic agents. Weight loss generally reduces hepatic steatosis.Essential phospholipid (EPL) as a nutritional supplement is one of the drugs under discussion with significant positive effects as antioxidative, antifibrotic effects and high biocompatibility on NAFLD.
Phase 1 aims to increase the public awareness of hazardous effects of drug abuses and existing resources available for drug abusers through a video competition. We will co-organize a video competition for anti-drug abuse with C.H.O.I.C.E. The competition will appeal to the participation of all children (aged 13-18) living in the four targeted districts.
Occurrence of epileptic and other seizures are predicted or otherwise forecasted in ambulatory patients using a wrist-worn device and a trained machine learning algorithm. A multi-stage training process is used to train the machine learning algorithm. A first stage of the training process is implemented on EEG data obtained from bed-ridden, or otherwise non-ambulatory, subjects. A second stage of the training process may be implemented on EEG data obtained from ambulatory subjects. A third stage of the training process is implemented on a variety of data provided by a wrist-worn device. As an example, these data can include one or more of motion data (e.g., accelerometer data), skin temperature data, heart rate data, time of day, and so on. In some implementations, training data can be taken from early portions of each patient's wearable data, while testing results can be computed from the later portions, thereby skipping transfer learning steps.
Obesity has turned into a significant, rising well-being epidemic around the world. Doing almost no physical work has been connected with chronic weakness results and diminished personal satisfaction in adulthood. It has been perceived that innovation can uphold wellbeing upgrades around the world. The applications that target wellbeing advancement have turned into a focal piece of individuals' lives and have exhibited enormous expansions being used. Proper evidence behind usage of smart phone application for weight loss is sparse and is based on different clinical experiences and a smaller number of studies with limited methodological design. This study will contribute to describing the effectiveness of smartphone application for weight loss in female adults as well as to determine the association between fitness application usage and physical activity behavior.
This study is a 17 week (119 days) randomized, double-blind, in home use study among 48 male and female subjects with moderate to severe active atopic dermatitis (AD). The study will include subjects with ages 12 - 65 years old inclusive. Group assignments will be balanced by disease severity, age, and body location of AD lesions (listed in order of importance). The study will consist of a 1 week washout period, 12 week treatment phase and a 4 week regression phase. During the treatment phase, subject will be provided one of the two test products to use twice daily on all lesions and non-lesional areas as instructed. No additional creams, lotions or soaps other than provided test products will be allowed throughout the duration of the study. Measurements, expert visual assessments and self-assessments will be taken as described below. Safety and tolerability will be evaluated by incidence of AE's (defined per CTCAE), exacerbations, application site reactions/infections, and lab evals. There will also be consumption/compliance checks and dermatological evaluations at each visit.
Compositions and methods are provided for the modulation of abnormal expression of β-amyloid. Oligonucleotides are provided which are specifically hybridizable with RNA or DNA encoding β-amyloid. Oligonucleotides specifically hybridizable with a translation initiation site, codon 717, codon 670 or codon 671 of βAPP are provided. Such oligonucleotides can be used for diagnostics as well as for research purposes. Methods are also disclosed for modulating β-amyloid expression in cells and tissues using the oligonucleotides provided, and for specific modulation of expression of the mutant βAPP gene. Methods for diagnosis, detection and treatment of diseases associated with abnormal βAPP expression are also disclosed.
LIMITED POPULATION: ARIKAYCE® is indicated in adults, who have limited or no alternative treatment options, for the treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease as part of a combination antibacterial drug regimen in patients who do not achieve negative sputum cultures after a minimum of 6 consecutive months of a multidrug background regimen therapy. As only limited clinical safety and effectiveness data for ARIKAYCE are currently available, reserve ARIKAYCE for use in adults who have limited or no alternative treatment options. This drug is indicated for use in a limited and specific population of patients.

This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on achieving sputum culture conversion (defined as 3 consecutive negative monthly sputum cultures) by Month 6. Clinical benefit has not yet been established [see Clinical Studies (14)]. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in confirmatory trials.

Limitation of Use:

ARIKAYCE has only been studied in patients with refractory MAC lung disease defined as patients who did not achieve negative sputum cultures after a minimum of 6 consecutive months of a multidrug background regimen therapy. The use of ARIKAYCE is not recommended for patients with non-refractory MAC lung disease.
Reproductive studies in animals were performed in mice, rats, and two strains of rabbits. Occasional anomalies (reduction of tarsals, tibia, metatarsals, malrotated limbs, gastroschisis, malformed skull, and microphthalmia) were seen in drug-treated rabbits without relationship to dosage. Although all of these anomalies were not present in the concurrent control group, they have been reported to occur randomly in historical controls. At doses of 40 mg/kg and higher, there was evidence of fetal resorption and increased fetal loss in rabbits which was not seen at lower doses.  
  
The clinical significance of the above findings is not known. However, an increased risk of congenital malformations associated with the use of minor tranquilizers (chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, and meprobamate) during the first trimester of pregnancy has been suggested in several studies. Because the use of these drugs is rarely a matter of urgency, the use of l orazepam during this period should be avoided. The possibility that a woman of childbearing potential may be pregnant at the time of institution of therapy should be considered. Patients should be advised that if they become pregnant, they should communicate with their physician about the desirability of discontinuing the drug.  
  
In humans, blood levels obtained from umbilical cord blood indicate placental transfer of l orazepam and l orazepam glucuronide. Infants of mothers who ingested benzodiazepines for several weeks or more preceding delivery have been reported to have withdrawal symptoms during the postnatal period.  
Symptoms such as hypoactivity, hypotonia, hypothermia, respiratory depression, apnea, feeding problems, and impaired metabolic response to cold stress have been reported in neonates born of mothers who have received benzodiazepines during the late phase of pregnancy or at delivery.
Compositions and methods of preparing functional thin films or surface coatings with low non-specific binding are described. The thin films contain specified functional groups and non-specific binding repellant components. The thin films are either covalently bound to or passively adsorbed to various solid substrates. The specified functional group provides specified activity for the thin film modified solid surfaces and non-specific binding repellant components significantly reduce the non-specific binding to the thin film modified solid surfaces. Non-specific binding repellant components do not affect specified functional group's activity in the thin films. In these methods, specified functional groups are anchored to the solid substrates through a spacer. Surface coatings are also described having both non-specific protein binding properties combined with functional groups for specific binding activity thereby providing surface coating that specifically recognize target proteins but limit binding to non-specific protein.
Hemolysis and Heinz body formation may be exaggerated in individuals with a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, or methemoglobin reductase deficiency, or hemoglobin M. This reaction is frequently dose-related. Dapsone should be given with caution to these patients or if the patient is exposed to other agents or conditions such as infection or diabetic ketosis capable of producing hemolysis. Drugs or chemicals which have produced significant hemolysis in G6PD or methemoglobin reductase deficient patients include Dapsone, sulfanilamide, nitrite, aniline, phenylhydrazine, napthalene, niridazole, nitro-furantoin and 8-amino-antimalarials such as primaquine.

  


Toxic hepatitis and cholestatic jaundice have been reported early in therapy. Hyperbilirubinemia may occur more often in G6PD deficient patients. When feasible, baseline and subsequent monitoring of liver function is recommended; if abnormal, Dapsone should be discontinued until the source of the abnormality is established.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a hair cosmetic which has hair dressing force, keeps effect of providing the hair with dry and nonsticky touch for many hours and has excellent hair redressing properties after touching with the hands and combing while having a wiry touch free from stiffness.   <P>SOLUTION: The hair cosmetic contains 0.1-10 mass % based on the whole cosmetic of fine particle powder having ≥50 m<SP>2</SP>/g specific surface area. Preferably the fine particle powder is fine particle silica and the particle diameter is 5-40 nm. The hair cosmetic contains 1-30 mass % of a nonvolatile oil. Preferably the hair cosmetic contains one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of a polyether-modified silicone and a crosslinking type polyether- modified silicone. Preferably the hair cosmetic contains one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of silicone rubber spherical powder and silicone composite powder obtained by coating the silicone rubber spherical powder with a resin.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
A method may include collecting sensor data related to a set of lifestyle activities related to one or more chronic diseases of a patient. The method may include collecting patient data that indicates at least one of a biological, psychological, or social profile of the patient, and one or more lifestyle choice prescriptions of the patient. The method may include receiving patient input that indicates compliance of the patient with the lifestyle choice prescriptions. The method may include determining a lifestyle choice compliance (LCC) score of the patient based on at least one of the sensor data related to the set of lifestyle activities and the patient input that indicates compliance of the patient with the lifestyle choice prescriptions. The method may include generating an LCC result, wherein the LCC result includes the LCC score of the patient. The method may include providing the LCC result to a care-provider.
Eligible subjects will receive standard chemoradiotherapy with SHR-1701 followed by XELOX combined with SHR-1701 and surgery. Adjuvant XELOX combined with SHR-1701 will be given after surgery.
Participants with new COVID-19 infection will undergo high-sensitivity Troponin testing; participants with elevated Troponin will undergo MRI, bloodwork, and olfaction testing at Baseline, then repeat MRI, bloodwork and all functional testing at the Recovered (ie 12weeks post diagnosis) phase. Participants with normal Troponin will undergo only olfaction testing and bloodwork at baseline, then MRI, bloodwork and all functional testing at the Recovered phase.
Patients complete a series of questionnaires over 15 minutes about knee function and pain, as well as physical activity. Patients also undergo an MRI over 60 minutes.
The procedure will be identical to Group 2 above, but in addition, all participants will be asked to join regular online coaching sessions. Participants will be divided into 9 cohorts of 10 people per cohort. Each cohort will be offered group coaching once per week. Coaches will be versed in Mindfulness, and how to use Muse and how to support sleep. Coaching will take place virtually using Interaxon's Zoom account. Throughout the coaching, all participants will be referred to via their first names or their anonymized login names. In addition, for any challenges that arise, participants will have unlimited access to Muse Customer Care via phone, email, and video where appropriate during normal business hours.