anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Postpartum hemorrhage is an emergency, condition encountered in obstetric cases. It is an acute life-threatening situation and needs an immediate and rapid management. Postpartum hemorrhage is leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide, with more commonly affecting women of developing countries. Accurate assessment of blood loss, identification of risk factors and timely recognition of postpartum hemorrhage remain major challenge in obstetrics. Different risk factors like hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, antepartum hemorrhage, anemia, big baby, polyhydramnios, multiple pregnancy, obesity, augmented/prolonged labor are risk factors for primary postpartum hemorrhage. The objective of this study was to identify the various risk factors associated with primary postpartum hemorrhage, in Paropakar Maternity and Women's Hospital (PMWH), which is biggest institute in country for holding records of maximum number of deliveries.
METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted over a period of 3 months between March 2023 to May 2023 on 72 patients. Women with term pregnancy who experienced primary PPH were analyzed for different risk factors. Similarly, incidence of postpartum hemorrhage according to age, parity, gestational age, types of labor, types of vaginal delivery and causes of postpartum hemorrhage were studied. The results were then analyzed.
RESULTS: The incidence of primary PPH during the study was 3%. Majority of cases of PPH were in age group of 20-24 (44.4%), followed by age group (25-29). Most of cases (50%) were of gravidity 2 to 3, followed by primigravida (45.8%). There was equal distribution of PPH in gestation age (37-39+6) WOG to (40-41+6) WOG. There were no risk factors associated with occurrence of PPH in 56%. Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, anemia, APH, multiple pregnancy, fetal macrosomia, polyhydramnios and obesity are associated risk factors for PPH. Among risk factors associated with PPH, hypertensive disorder of pregnancy was most common risk factors (40.6%), followed by maternal anemia (25%), multiple pregnancy (12.5%), APH (6.3%) fetal macrosomia (6.3%), maternal obesity (6.3%), polyhydramnios (3.1%). PPH was more common in augmented labor (43%), followed by induced labor (29.2%) and spontaneous labor (27.8%). In this study most women ( 72.2%) experienced blood loss of 500-1000 ml. And most common cause of PPH was atony (83.3%) followed by genital tract injury (14%) and retained tissues (2.7%).
CONCLUSIONS: In many cases, PPH can't be predicted fully as many cases of PPH occur without vivid risk factors, as in this study 56% women experiencing PPH had no associated antenatal risk factors. Antenatal risk factors like hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, maternal anemia, twin pregnancy, APH, macrosomia, obesity are common risk factors for PPH. Similarly induced and augmented labor and instrumental delivery can lead to PPH.
Animal models of peripheral nerve injury (PNI) serve as the fundamental basis for the investigations of nerve injury, regeneration, and neuropathic pain. The injury properties of such models, including the intensity and duration, significantly influence the subsequent pathological changes, pain development, and therapeutic efficacy. However, precise control over the intensity and duration of nerve injury remains challenging within existing animal models, thereby impeding accurate and comparative assessments of relevant cases. Here, a new model that provides quantitative and off-body controllable injury properties via a magnetically controlled clamp, is presented. The clamp can be implanted onto the rat sciatic nerve and exert varying degrees of compression under the control of an external magnetic field. It is demonstrated that this model can accurately simulate various degrees of pathology of human patients by adjusting the magnetic control and reveal specific pathological changes resulting from intensity heterogeneity that are challenging to detect previously. The controllability and quantifiability of this model may significantly reduce the uncertainty of central response and inter-experimenter variability, facilitating precise investigations into nerve injury, regeneration, and pain mechanisms.
To provide a composition having excellent functionality by using a natural plant material adaptable for a utilization mode of a food product or the like.SOLUTION: Lindera umbellate extract is used for composition for reducing cholesterol. It is preferable that the composition is for reducing the total cholesterol concentration in blood. Further, it is preferable that the composition is for reducing LDL cholesterol concentration in blood. Further, it is preferable that the composition is for reducing a concentration ratio between LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol in blood. Further, it is preferable that the composition is for reducing non-HDL cholesterol concentration in blood. Further, it is preferable that the composition is for preventing the thickness of a blood vessel wall caused by cholesterol from increasing. Hot water extract of Lindera umbellate is preferably used as Lindera umbellate extract.SELECTED DRAWING: None
Multiple daily injections (MDI) for 26 weeks. From Week 26 until Week 39, all Groups will be using the Accu-Chek® Solo Micropump system for CSII therapy.
PURPOSE:To provide a mutagen and carcinogen-resistant agent having an excellent suppressing activity against mutagen substances and added to drinks and foods to eliminate or weaken the mutability thereof by containing alginic acid having a specific weight-average mol.wt. as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:For example, a sea alga such as Hizikia fusiforme is ground, extracted with an alkali aqueous solution and mixed with an acid. The precipitates are subjected to a washing process using an organic solvent and other processes to provide a mutagen and carcinogen-resistant agent containing as an active ingredient alginic acid having a (B/A) ratio of >=0.5 between a weight-average mol.wt. (A) determined with a gel permeation chromatography using pullulan as a standard and a weight-average mol.wt. (B) determined by a low angle laser light-scattering method with the gel permeation chromatography.
Participants with solid tumor will receive a priming dose of magrolimab 1 mg/kg of body weight by IV infusion (approximately 3 hours infusion) on Day 1 followed by a maintenance dose of magrolimab 10 mg/kg of body weight by IV infusion (approximately 2 hours infusion) weekly starting on Day 8 followed by Days 15 and 22 in combination with cetuximab at a loading dose of 400 mg/m\^2 infused over 120-minutes on Day 8 followed by a weekly maintenance dose of 250 mg/m\^2 infusions given over 60 minutes on Days 15 and 22, in Cycle 1. After Cycle 1 and thereafter, weekly maintenance dose for both magrolimab and cetuximab, will start on Day 1. Each cycle will consist of 4 weeks (28 days). Cetuximab will be administered 1 hour prior to magrolimab infusion on days when both are given. Treatment will be administered until unacceptable toxicity, voluntary withdrawal, or documented PD.
ApTOLL is administered intravenously in a single ascending dose pattern in four dose levels (0.025mg/kg - 0.2mg/kg). All levels include six patients.
The present disclosure relates to the application of genetic engineering to provide artificial .beta. cells, i.e. cells which can secrete insulin in response to glucose. This is achieved preferably through the introduction of one or more genes selected from the insulin gene, glucokinase gene, and glucose tranporter gene, so as to provide an engineered cell having all three of these genes in a biologically functional and responsive configuration. Assays for detecting the presence of diabetes-associated antibodies in biological samples using these and other engineered cells expressing diabetes-associated epitopes are described. Also disclosed are methods for the large-scale production of insulin by perfusing artificial .beta. cells, grown in liquid culture, with glucose-containing buffers.
The purpose of the invention is to provide a method for identifying molecules involved in refractory cancers. Furthermore, the purpose of the invention is to provide a method for identifying drugs effective against refractory cancers. Additionally, the purpose of the invention is to provide a drug effective against recurrent cancers. Provided is a method for screening for molecules involved in refractory cancers, wherein the expression level of an EMT-associated molecule at pre- and post-administration of an anticancer agent is measured in stromal cells and/or cancer cells in tissue that reconstructs the cancer microenvironment, and an EMT-associated molecule presenting a higher expression level at post-administration of the anticancer agent than at pre-administration is scored as being involved in refractory cancers. Also provided is a method for screening for drugs effective against refractory cancers, wherein the expression level of an EMT-associated molecule at pre- and post-administration of an anticancer agent is measured in stromal cells and/or cancer cells in tissue that reconstructs the cancer microenvironment, and an EMT-associated molecule presenting a higher expression level at post-administration of the anticancer agent than at pre-administration is scored as being involved in refractory cancers, while a substance that can inhibit the function of this EMT-associated molecule is scored as a drug effective against refractory cancers. Further provided is a drug for treating and/or preventing tumor recurrence as a combination of an anticancer agent with an inhibitor targeted to the NOTCH3 signal.
Participants will receive continuous positive airway pressure for a 2 month period. The optimal treatment pressure will be identified during a titration study prior to trial enrollment. Adherence will be tracked while the participant wears the device.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a low toxic antiulcer agent capable of remarkably improving ulcer without accompanying side effect by formulating procyanidin B type. SOLUTION: This medicine contains a small polymerization product of procyanidin B type of the formula [(n) is 2-4] as an active ingredient. Further, adequate medicinal supports are formulated to manufacture pharmaceutically in a form of oral administration by the usual method. It is administrated at a dose of 10-5,000mg/day/adult, preferably 50-2,000mg/day/adult. The small polymerization product of procyanidin B type of the formula is obtained by extracting it with water or hot water from plant bodies abundantly containing the substance, e.g. inside skin of hinoki tree or pine tree, seeds of grapes and azuki beans, followed by separating and purifying by means of column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. When obtained by extraction and separation from seeds of grapes, the extract is, as it is, usable as the preventive foods for ulcer.
The pharmacokinetic interactions listed below are potentially clinically important. Drugs that induce hepatic enzymes such as phenobarbital, phenytoin and rifampin may increase the clearance of corticosteroids and may require increases in corticosteroid dose to achieve the desired response. Drugs such as troleandomycin and ketoconazole may inhibit the metabolism of corticosteroids and thus decrease their clearance. Therefore, the dose of corticosteroid should be titrated to avoid steroid toxicity. Corticosteroids may increase the clearance of chronic high dose aspirin. This could lead to decreased salicylate serum levels or increase the risk of salicylate toxicity when corticosteroid is withdrawn. Aspirin should be used cautiously in conjunction with corticosteroids in patients suffering from hypoprothrombinemia. The effect of corticosteroids on oral anticoagulants is variable. There are reports of enhanced as well as diminished effects of anticoagulants when given concurrently with corticosteroids.

Therefore, coagulation indices should be monitored to maintain the desired anticoagulant effect.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an oxidation dye composition for keratin fiber, containing an oxidation dye precursor, a color-developing agent and an anionic amphiphatic polymer and enabling bright dyeing of the fiber. SOLUTION: This composition contains 0.0005-12wt.% of an oxidation dye precursor, 0.0001-10wt.% of a color-developing agent and 0.2-5wt.% of an anionic amphiphatic polymer in a medium suitable for dyeing. This polymer has an unsaturated olefin carboxylic acid-type hydrophilic group expressed by the formula I (R1 is H, CH3 or C2 H5 ) and an unsaturated carboxylic acid-type hydrophobic unit expressed by the formula II (R2 is a 10-30C alkyl) and is e.g. a copolymer of acrylic acid and lauryl methacrylate. The oxidation dye precursor is e.g. p-phenylenediamine and the color-developing agent is e.g. m-aminophenol. The composition is resistant to the flow-down from the applied part and gives bright color without using a dye, a solvent for dissolving the dye, and/or a surfactant.
The invention relates to an anticancer injection, which is an injection prepared by taking traditional Chinese medicines as raw materials, and also relates to a preparation method of the injection. The invention aims to provide an anticancer injection which has ideal effects of resisting and eliminating tumor, diminishing inflammation and relieving pain and repairing body injury. Restoring physiological function and enhancing immunity. The invention also aims to provide the anticancer injection and a preparation method thereof. For this purpose, 21 kinds of medicines such as radix astragali, Moschus, calculus bovis, herba Portulacae, Hirudo, etc. are used. The injection is prepared by extracting effective components, concentrating, sterilizing, etc., and is injected into acupoints. The effective rate of the invention is 95%, and the anticancer effect is obvious.
Background To improve diabetes management in primary health care for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples population, training programs that are culturally and contextually relevant to the local context are required. Using a scoping review methodology, the aim of this review was to describe the characteristics of chronic disease management training programs for Aboriginal Health Workers and Practitioners, their effectiveness on knowledge and skills, and client-related outcomes, and the enablers, barriers to delivery and participation. Methods Following protocol parameters, a systematic search was conducted in relevant databases and grey literature. Two independent reviewers screened the title and abstract of each paper to determine if the study met the inclusion criteria. Results Of the 23 included studies, most were developed with stakeholders, profession facilitated and delivered by cultural facilitators. All training programs included content knowledge, two included a professional support network, four provided on-the-job support and six had follow-up support post-training. Modes of delivery ranged from didactic, storytelling and hands-on learning. Two studies reported significant improvement in participants' knowledge and confidence; one reported improvement in knowledge (12.7% increase pre-post training), and an increase in confidence in both clinical and non-clinical skills. Enablers (relevance, modes of learning, power of networking, improved knowledge, confidence and clinical practice) and barriers (adult learning capabilities, competing work-family commitments) were reported. Few studies reported on knowledge transfer into clinical practice and client-related outcomes. Conclusions Multifaceted training programs for Aboriginal health workers are well received and may improve workforce capability.
PURPOSE: To investigate the influence of acute normobaric hypoxia on standing balance under single and dual-task conditions, both with and without visual input.
METHODS: 20 participants (7 female, 20-31 years old) stood on a force plate for 16, 90-s trials across four balance conditions: single-task (quiet stance) or dual-task (auditory Stroop test), with eyes open or closed. Trials were divided into four oxygen conditions where the fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) was manipulated (normoxia: 0.21 and normobaric hypoxia: 0.16, 0.145 and 0.13 FIO2) to simulate altitudes of 1100, 3,400, 4300, and 5200 m. Participants breathed each FIO2 for ~ 3 min before testing, which lasted an additional 7-8 min per oxygen condition. Cardiorespiratory measures included heart rate, peripheral blood oxygen saturation, and pressure of end tidal (PET) CO2 and O2. Center of pressure measures included total path length, 95% ellipse area, and anteroposterior and mediolateral velocity. Auditory Stroop test performance was measured as response accuracy and latency.
RESULTS: Significant decreases in oxygen saturation and PETO2, and increased heart rate were observed between normoxia and normobaric hypoxia (P < 0.0001). Total path length was higher at 0.13 compared to 0.21 FIO2 for the eyes closed no Stoop test condition (P = 0.0197). No other significant differences were observed.
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that acute normobaric hypoxia has a minimal impact on standing balance and does not influence auditory Stroop test or dual-task performance. Further investigation with longer exposure is required to understand the impact and time course of normobaric hypoxia on standing balance.
The incidence of obesity and diabetes is rising worldwide even in younger populations. With a rise in maternal obesity also gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) becomes more prevalent with a prevalence of up to 18% of pregnancies. Up to now, SMBG (self-monitoring of blood glucose) is recommended for women with gestational diabetes that involves finger pricking up to six times daily. The main purpose of this study is to prove that real time continuous glucose monitoring (rt-CGM) can effectively reduce the risk for adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcome in GDM. It is further hypothesized that rt-CGM can optimize maternal glycaemic control, increase patients satisfaction and adherence to management strategies of GDM. This is a open label randomized controlled trial with two parallel groups.
This study is divided into two parts, namely the dose escalation phase I study and the dose expansion phase II study. This study plans to include 5 dose groups, namely 40 mg, 80 mg, 150 mg, 200 mg, and 250 mg, and adopts a "3+3" dose escalation design. All of the 40 mg, 80 mg, 150 mg, 200 mg and 250 mg groups will adopt the "3+3" design, and 3-6 subjects will be enrolled in each group. The enrollment of the first subject and subsequent subject in each dose group should be at least 7 days apart.

Subjects will receive a single dose of GH55 on day 1 (Cycle 0 Day 1, C0D1). The investigator will assess the safety data on day 3 (C0D3) to determine whether subjects can be initiated on multiple doses of GH55 \[quaque die (QD) continuously, and 3 weeks per cycle\] on day 4 (C1D1). The dose limiting toxicity (DLT) observation period is from the initiation of single dosing to the end of the first cycle of multiple dosing \[Cycle 0 (3 days) and Cycle 1 (3 weeks)\]. The sponsor and investigator will jointly assess the safety data to determine whether to ascend to the next higher dose. These steps will be repeated until MTD is reached, and the safety, tolerability, and PK profile of single dose and multiple doses of oral administration of GH55 will be assessed. If MTD cannot be determined when the dose escalation study is complete, the sponsor and investigator will jointly determine whether to increase the ascending dose based on the existing safety, tolerability, PK, PD and preliminary efficacy data. All subjects can continue the treatment until disease progression, initiation of new antitumor treatment, withdrawal of informed consent, or death (whichever occurs first). The dose expansion phase II study will begin once the last subject in the dose escalation phase I study has completed the DLT observation. Two dose expansion groups will be designed, with a dose level in each group that is expected to become the RP2D based on the safety, tolerability, PK/PD profile, and preliminary efficacy data of GH55 in the dose escalation phase I study. Two dose expansion groups will enroll 60-80 subjects to further evaluate the efficacy, safety, and PK/PD profile of GH55 in patients with advanced solid tumors.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The review of clinical reports is an essential part of monitoring disease progression. Synthesizing multiple imaging reports is also important for clinical decisions. It is critical to aggregate information quickly and accurately. Machine learning natural language processing (NLP) models hold promise to address an unmet need for report summarization.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated NLP methods to summarize longitudinal aneurysm reports. A total of 137 clinical reports and 100 PubMed case reports were used in this study. Models were 1) compared against expert-generated summary using longitudinal imaging notes collected in our institute and 2) compared using publicly accessible PubMed case reports. Five AI models were used to summarize the clinical reports, and a sixth model, the online GPT3davinci NLP large language model (LLM), was added for the summarization of PubMed case reports. We assessed the summary quality through comparison with expert summaries using quantitative metrics and quality reviews by experts.
RESULTS: In clinical summarization, BARTcnn had the best performance (BERTscore = 0.8371), followed by LongT5Booksum and LEDlegal. In the analysis using PubMed case reports, GPT3davinci demonstrated the best performance, followed by models BARTcnn and then LEDbooksum (BERTscore = 0.894, 0.872, and 0.867, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: AI NLP summarization models demonstrated great potential in summarizing longitudinal aneurysm reports, though none yet reached the level of quality for clinical usage. We found the online GPT LLM outperformed the others; however, the BARTcnn model is potentially more useful because it can be implemented on-site. Future work to improve summarization, address other types of neuroimaging reports, and develop structured reports may allow NLP models to ease clinical workflow.
Cystic fibrosis is a life-shortening genetic disorder, caused by mutations in the gene that encodes cystic fibrosis transmembrane-conductance regulator, a cAMP-activated chloride and bicarbonate channel. Persistent neutrophilic inflammation is a major contributor to cystic fibrosis lung disease. However, how cystic fibrosis transmembrane-conductance regulator loss of function leads to excessive inflammation and its clinical sequela remains incompletely understood. In this study, neutrophils from F508del-CF and healthy control participants were compared for gene transcription. We found that cystic fibrosis circulating neutrophils have a prematurely primed basal state with significantly higher scores for activation, chemotaxis, immune signaling, and pattern recognition. Such an irregular basal state appeared not related to the blood environment and was also observed in neutrophils derived from the F508del-CF HL-60 cell line, indicating an innate characteristic of the phenotype. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulation drastically shifted the transcriptional landscape of healthy control neutrophils toward a robust immune response; however, cystic fibrosis neutrophils were immune-exhausted, reflected by abnormal cell aging and fate determination in gene programming. Moreover, cystic fibrosis sputum neutrophils differed significantly from cystic fibrosis circulating neutrophils in gene transcription with increased inflammatory response, aging, apoptosis, and necrosis, suggesting additional environmental influences on the neutrophils in cystic fibrosis lungs. Taken together, our data indicate that loss of cystic fibrosis transmembrane-conductance regulator function has intrinsic effects on neutrophil immune programming, leading to premature priming and dysregulated response to challenge.