anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Monozygotic (MZ) twins are often thought to have identical genomes, but recent work has shown that early post-zygotic events can result in a spectrum of DNA variants that are different between MZ twins. Such variants may explain phenotypic discordance and contribute to disease etiology. Here we performed whole genome sequencing in 17 pairs of MZ twins discordant for a psychotic disorder (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder or bipolar disorder). We examined various classes of rare variants that are discordant within a twin pair. We identified four genes harboring rare, predicted deleterious missense variants that were private to an affected individual in the cohort. Variants in FOXN1 and FLOT2 would have been categorized as damaging from recent schizophrenia and bipolar exome sequencing studies. Additionally, we identified four rare genic copy number variants (CNVs) private to an affected sample, two of which overlapped genes that have shown evidence for association with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. One such CNV was a 3q29 duplication previously implicated in autism and developmental delay. We have performed the largest MZ twin study for discordant psychotic phenotypes to date. These findings warrant further investigation using other analytical approaches.
This study was conducted as a quasi-experimental study to determine the effectiveness of the postoperative delirium prevention, diagnosis and intervention protocol in patients monitored in the intensive care unit after cardiac surgery. The research was conducted at Antalya Training and Research Hospital between 06.03.2023 and 22.05.2023. The sample of the study consisted of 64 patients who underwent cardiac surgery and met the inclusion criteria. Within the scope of the study, patients were divided into two groups: control (32) and intervention (32). While the patients in the intervention group received care in line with the "Postoperative delirium prevention, diagnosis and intervention protocol", the patients in the control group received routine nursing care for delirium. The data of the study were collected using the Patient Identification Form, Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Evaluation, Glasgow Coma Scale, Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale, Confusion Assessment Scale in the Intensive Care Unit, Nurse Diagnosis Form, Information Assessment Form for Postoperative Delirium (Pretest-Posttest) and Postoperative Delirium Prevention, Diagnosis and Intervention Protocol Checklist. In the first stage of the study, which consisted of three stages, the incidence of delirium in the control group patients receiving routine nursing care and the delirium diagnosis status of the nurses were determined. In the second stage, nurses were given training on postoperative delirium prevention, diagnosis and intervention protocol, and a preliminary study of the protocol was conducted. In the third phase, which is the last phase, patients in the intervention group received care in line with the "Postoperative Delirium Prevention, Diagnosis and Intervention Protocol".
INTRODUCTION: Sleeve gastrectomy is the most commonly performed bariatric operation globally. The main complication is GERD. In the medium term, it can increase the incidence of Barrett's esophagus (BE), which is a risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma. Following conventional sleeve gastrectomy, BE is noted in up to 16% of patients postoperatively. Recently, Nissen sleeve gastrectomy (NSG) has been shown to reduce the frequency of postoperative GERD compared to conventional sleeve gastrectomy. This study aims to evaluate the impact of NSG on the incidence and remission of BE in the long term.
MATERIAL AND METHOD: This bicentric retrospective study included 692 patients who received NSG from September 2013 to July 2021. All patients underwent preoperative upper GI endoscopy and were then scheduled to receive upper GI endoscopy between 1 and 2 years and then between 3 and 5 years postoperatively. BE was systematically confirmed by biopsies.
RESULTS: Seventy-four patients had endoscopic suspicion of BE, which was confirmed on 54/692 patients by histology. The BE lesions consisted of 18.5% intestinal metaplasia and 75.9% fundal metaplasia. Among these 54 patients, 38 underwent endoscopic investigation within 2 years postoperatively. The biopsies showed healed BE in 25/38 patients (64.1%). At 5 years, two patients had proven BE. Concerning the incidence of BE post NSG: 234 performed the follow-up endoscopy within 2 years. The incidence of de novo BE is nil.
CONCLUSION: The NSG is associated with healing of known BE in approximately two-thirds of patients at 2-year follow-up. This is consistent with the GERD improvement that has been shown with NSG.
Although AZT and ddI can delay the advancement of HIV disease, the benefit of either of these drugs has proven to be only temporary. d4T, a new nucleoside analog with a favorable toxicity profile and demonstrated activity against HIV, offers an additional therapeutic option. It is reasonably assumed that the benefit of an antiretroviral agent in terms of delaying clinical disease progression is directly related to its ability to achieve and sustain viral suppression; thus, this study measures effects on viral load and CD4 count.

Patients are randomized in a blinded fashion to receive AZT or placebo in combination with open-label d4T or ddI for up to 48 weeks. AS PER AMENDMENT 3/21/97: The study is now composed of three arms: open-label d4T versus open-label ddI plus blinded AZT placebo versus blinded AZT plus open-label ddI. Patients originally assigned to the d4T + AZT arm, which was closed 10/96, will be given the option of discontinuing AZT and remaining on d4T monotherapy or discontinuing all study drugs. In addition, all study participants will be asked to participate in a pharmacology substudy.
The active ingredient in Famotidine Tablets USP is a histamine-2 (H2) receptor antagonist. Famotidine, USP is [1-Amino-3-[[[2-[(diaminomethylene)amino]-4-thiazolyl]methyl]thio] propylidene] sulfamide and has the following structural formula: 

Each Famotidine Tablet USP for oral administration contains either 20 mg or 40 mg of famotidine, USP and has the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, pregelatinized corn starch, sodium starch glycolate, talc, titanium dioxide, yellow iron oxide. In addition, the 20 mg contains lactose monohydrate, red iron oxide and triacetin and the 40 mg contains FD&C blue No. 2 aluminum lake and FD&C yellow No. 6 aluminum lake. 

Famotidine, USP is a white to pale yellow crystalline compound that is freely soluble in glacial acetic acid, slightly soluble in methanol, very slightly soluble in water, and practically insoluble in ethanol.
PURPOSE: To treat or prevent swine dysentery caused by the infection of Treponema hyodysenteriae by administering M139603 or a compound having the equivalent physiological functions into a pig. CONSTITUTION: A known compound, M139603 (accession number: NCIB 11426), or a compound of the formula (M<+> is an alkali metal, ammonium, etc.; R<1> is H, an alkyl, a substituted phenylalkyl; R<2> is formyl, iminomethyl, hydroxymethyl, etc.) having the physiologically equivalent functions is administered into a pig. The administration is orally performed, after mixed with a feed or a drinking water. The daily dose of the compound is 0.6mg/kg body weight for a pig consuming a feed in a rate of 6% based on the body weight. A feed consumption rate is 4-5%, and a feeding level is 10-50ppm.
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: Managing non-inflammatory pain in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can be a huge burden for the rheumatologist. Pain that persists despite optimal RA treatment is extremely challenging for patient and physician alike. Here, we outline the latest research relevant to distinguishing non-inflammatory from inflammatory RA pain and review the current understanding of its neurobiology and management.
RECENT FINDINGS: Nociplastic pain is a recently introduced term by the international pain community. Its definition encompasses the non-inflammatory pain of RA and describes pain that is not driven by inflamed joints or compromised nerves, but that is instead driven by a functional reorganisation of the central nervous system (CNS). Insights from all areas of nociplastic pain research, including fibromyalgia, support a personalised pain management approach for non-inflammatory pain of RA, with evidence-based guidelines favouring use of non-pharmacological interventions. Future developments include novel CNS targeting pharmacotherapeutic approaches to treat nociplastic pain.
A computing system enables individuals and organizations to self-insure a benefit, e.g., a dental plan benefit. The system leverages a patient-centric data construct that evolves in a multi-dimensional manner as a patient continuously interacts with the system, its providers, participating organizations, etc. Using the patient-centric information repositories about the various participants (and their interactions), the system applies machine learning to the data to create data models that, in turn, provide valuable insights, or to otherwise enable more-efficient settlement processing. For example, a model may be used to determine an optimal patient-dentist match (by looking at utilization best provider outcomes), or a dentist over-provision of certain services (indicated by provider codes, thereby possibly indicative of fraud). Using patient-centric data modeling, the system determines if, when and how an organization can reduce expenses (e.g., by switching to other providers) or otherwise provide better care for participating employees. The data model(s) preferably evolve continuously, and the system dynamically-provisions computing resources as the patient-centric profiles evolve.
Perampanel is a selective antagonist of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor and is used to treat partial-onset seizures with or without secondary generalization. This antiepileptic drug (AED) is usually prescribed as adjunctive treatment and is also used primarily in generalized tonic-clonic seizures Cognitive dysfunction is a major comorbidity in many patients with epilepsy and could be the result of chronic use of AEDs. Since cognitive decline has a tremendous impact on the quality of life, the effect of a large number of AEDs on cognition has been actively studied. It has been reported that AEDs such as gabapentin, carbamazepine, and topiramate induce cognitive decline, while lamotrigine, levetiracetam, and oxcarbazepine show much less negative effect on cognitive function compared with the older AEDs. Perampanel has also been studied for its effects on cognition in adolescent patients with epilepsy aged 12-18 years. However, the effects of perampanel on cognitive function have not yet been studied in adults.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) spectral analysis or quantitative EEG (QEEG) is a method of quantifying the different frequencies in EEG signals. Spectral analysis of EEG frequency can reflect the functional state of the brain. Thus, it has proved to be a useful tool for assessing the pharmacological effects of central nervous system (CNS) drugs. Electrophysiologic changes due to AEDs can manifest as either a generalized slowing of or an increased beta frequency on EEG in general. Changes in background EEG may be correlated with clinical cognitive function. Since EEG changes in the spectral analysis are only intended to assess brain activity and do not directly reflect clinical changes in patients, neuropsychological (NP) tests are necessary for evaluating clinical cognitive function. Our objective was to determine how perampanel affects cognition and the EEG signal in adult patients with epilepsy. Correlation of these effects was also analyzed with the serum concentration of perampanel.
FIELD: biology, medicine, immunology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the use of therapeutic compounds in modification of interactions of T-cells, antigen-presenting cells with T-cells and interactions between pathogenic organisms and immunocompetent host-cells. In part, invention relates to the use of these compounds in modification of interactions between proteins Notch and their ligands and to the use of such compounds in production of medicinal agents used for treatment of states, for example, transplant rejection, autoimmune processes, allergy and asthma and infectious diseases. The advantage of invention involves the development of agent inhibiting T-cellular interactions resulting to infectious tolerance and that can be used in production of medicinal preparations for immunotherapy carrying out. EFFECT: valuable biological and medicinal properties of ligands. 12 cl, 9 dwg, 2 tbl, 12 ex
Caffeine citrate injection, USP for intravenous administration is a clear, colorless, sterile, non-pyrogenic, preservative-free, aqueous solution adjusted to pH 4.7. Each mL contains 20 mg caffeine citrate (equivalent to 10 mg of caffeine base) prepared in solution by the addition of 10 mg caffeine anhydrous to 5 mg citric acid monohydrate, 8.3 mg sodium citrate dihydrate and Water for Injection, USP. 

Caffeine, a central nervous system stimulant, is an odorless white crystalline powder or granule, with a bitter taste. It is sparingly soluble in water and ethanol at room temperature. The chemical name of caffeine is 3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione. In the presence of citric acid it forms caffeine citrate salt in solution. The structural formula and molecular weight of caffeine citrate follows.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine liquid having a cough-relieving function. The traditional Chinese medicine liquid comprises following components by weight: 20-30 parts of bulb of tendrilleaf fritillary bulb, 10-20 parts of loquat leaf, 20-28 parts of bitter apricot kernel, 16-30 parts of lilyturf root, 30-40 parts of dried rehmannia root, 10-30 parts of liquorice, 23-35 parts of balloon flower root, 10-15 parts of mint and 500-800 parts of water. The preparation method comprises steps of: cleaning the bulb of tendrilleaf fritillary bulb, the loquat leaf and the bitter apricot kernel and drying in the sun; cleaning the lilyturf root, the dried rehmannia root and the liquorice, drying in the sun and grinding into powder; cleaning the balloon flower root and the mint, drying in the sun and cutting into small pieces; and stirring the above-mentioned traditional Chinese medicine components, mixing uniformly, adding into water and boiling. The traditional Chinese medicine liquid is simple in manufacturing method and low in manufacturing cost. After being drunk by a patient, the traditional Chinese medicine liquid can significantly relieve cough symptoms. The components of the traditional Chinese medicine liquid are pure traditional Chinese medicines. The traditional Chinese medicine liquid is free of morphine and addiction.
Thyroid autoimmune diseases, such as Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves disease, are significantly more prevalent in women than in men, suggesting underlying biological differences in immune system function and regulation between sexes. Plasma B cells are crucial in autoimmunity due to their role in producing antibodies targeting self-antigens, but their presence in the thyroids of women without clinical autoimmune diseases remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the infiltration of plasma B cells in female thyroids specifically excluding those with any clinical signs of autoimmune diseases. Using bulk RNA-seq analysis, we identified significant sex differences in gene expression profiles, particularly in genes associated with plasma B cells. Single-cell RNA-seq and spatial transcriptomic analyses further revealed that the CXCL13-CXCR5 signaling axis plays a pivotal role in recruiting and organizing plasma B cells within the thyroid tissue. These findings suggest that the inherent presence of plasma B cells in the female thyroid, driven by CXCL13, may contribute to the higher risk of developing autoimmune thyroid diseases in women. Our study provides new insights into the immune landscape of the thyroid and underscores the importance of understanding sex-specific differences in immune cell distribution and function.
Insomnia is a vast problem among patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Despite the close relation between pain and sleep, sleep quality has received little attention in rehabilitation programs for patients with pain. So far, there is a lack of studies investigating the association between insomnia and chronic pain in patients referred to interdisciplinary rehabilitation. Identifying subgroups of the population with higher burden of poor sleep will aid clinicians to tailor treatment and prevention strategies. Moreover, knowledge on how insomnia symptoms fluctuate throughout the rehabilitation program and how insomnia symptoms interact with factors such as mental distress, physical activity, and fatigue impact on patient's recovery (e.g., the prognosis of pain, quality of life, and work participation) can be used to develop and implement more successful rehabilitation programs.

This is a cohort study primarily designed to address sleep problems in patients referred for pain rehabilitation by using questionnaire data from the rehabilitation centers linked to registry data. This study will constitute both a cross-sectional survey among patients referred to rehabilitation before they participate in rehabilitation. In addition to questionnaires, administrative data and clinical data, these data will be linked to national health registries on prescriptions, health care use and sickness absence. Potential participants are patients referred to rehabilitation at five different Unicare rehabilitation centers in Norway (Unicare Helsefort, Unicare Coperio, Unicare Hokksund, Unicare Friskvern and Unicare Jeløy) due to long-term pain complaints.
Multiple doses of LY2928057 administered IV either Q2W or QW for 6 weeks. Participants reduced their personal physician-prescribed ESA dose before treatment.
A total of 20 adults with type 1 diabetes on intensive insulin therapy consumed three mixed meals at noon between 1200 and 1300 hours, with and without the addition of 11 ml extra virgin oil, in random order. One week before entering the study, participants kept a detailed 7-day weighed food record with fingerprick blood glucose measurements pre-and-2hour post-meals for calculation of their carbohydrate (g) to insulin (units) ratio. Moreover, the individual correction factor was calculated. Thereafter, insulin requirements for the test meals were calculated based on the carbohydrate content of each dish and according to the personalised carbohydrate to insulin ratio. Postprandial glycemia was measured in capillary blood glucose samples at 30min intervals over 195min. For 24hr before each testing session, participants were asked to refrain from the consumption of alcohol and to maintain their usual physical activity pattern. On the day of testing, subjects were asked to consume their usual breakfast and abstain from food for at least 2 hours before their appointment. If blood glucose was \>7.2 mmol/l at 1200, insulin was administered based on the individualised correction factor. If blood glucose was \>10 mmol/l at the beginning of the testing session, insulin was administered to correct it and the subject was asked to return on another day. if hypoglycaemia occurred (defined as blood glucose level \<3.8 mmol/l), the test session was stopped, the event was recorded and the patient treated appropriately. The on target 2hour postprandial blood glucose level was set between 3.9 and 10 mmol/l. Anthropometric measurements (body weight, waist and hip circumferences) were performed at every visit.
AIMS: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been linked to cardiovascular complications, notably cardiac arrhythmias. The open reading frame (ORF) 3a of the coronavirus genome encodes for a transmembrane protein that can function as an ion channel. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the SARS-CoV-2 ORF 3a protein in COVID-19-associated arrhythmias and its potential as a pharmacological target.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) and cultured human fibroblasts were infected with SARS-CoV-2. Subsequent immunoblotting assays revealed the expression of ORF 3a protein in hiPSC-CM but not in fibroblasts. After intracytoplasmic injection of RNA encoding ORF 3a proteins into Xenopus laevis oocytes, macroscopic outward currents could be measured. While class I, II, and IV antiarrhythmic drugs showed minor effects on ORF 3a-mediated currents, a robust inhibition was detected after application of class III antiarrhythmics. The strongest effects were observed with dofetilide and amiodarone. Finally, molecular docking simulations and mutagenesis studies identified key amino acid residues involved in drug binding.
CONCLUSION: Class III antiarrhythmic drugs are potential inhibitors of ORF 3a-mediated currents, offering new options for the treatment of COVID-19-related cardiac complications.
Nitrosylation of proteins and amino acid groups enables selective regulation of protein function, and also endows the proteins and amino acids with additional smooth muscle relaxant and platelet inhibitory capabilities. Thus, the invention relates to novel compounds achieved by nitrosylation of protein thiols. Such compounds include: S-nitroso-t-PA, S-nitroso-cathepsin; S-nitroso-lipoprotein; and S-nitroso-immunoglobulin. The invention also relates to therapeutic use of S-nitroso-protein compounds for regulating protein function, cellular metabolism and effecting vasodilation, platelet inhibition, relaxation of non-vascular smooth muscle, and increasing blood oxygen transport by hemoglobin and myoglobin. The compounds are also used to deliver nitric oxide in its most bioactive form in order to achieve the effects described above, or for in vitro nitrosylation of molecules present in the body. The invention also relates to the nitrosylation of oxygen, carbon and nitrogen moieties present on proteins and amino acids, and the use thereof to achieve the above physiological effects.
PCT No. PCT/JP95/00952 Sec. 371 Date May 5, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date May 5, 1997 PCT Filed May 18, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/31536 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 23, 1995The present invention provides a production method of thrombin which can convert prothrombin into thrombin highly efficiently even in the absence of thromboplastin and blood plasma, easily obtain a starting material for use in the conversion of prothrombin into thrombin, and prepare and purify thrombin in an industrial scale. It is characterized in treating a prothrombin-containing aqueous solution with a Ca salt at 0 to 15 DEG  C.
The invention includes deleting codon segments from DNA expressing a native protein (e.g., PrPSc) in order to obtain a shorter, soluble protein which mimics characteristics of an insoluble native (e.g., PrPSc) protein. Soluble proteins of the invention are characterized by: (1) having less amino acids than the full length native protein; (2) having a higher degree of solubility than the native protein; (3) retaining the basic biological characteristics of the native protein such as (a) not being subject to enzymatic digestion and (b) causing disease. Soluble proteins of the invention are obtained by providing a DNA sequence which encodes a native protein and systematically removing codons, making copies of the shortened versions of DNA which are then expressed to provide the shortened proteins. The shortened proteins are then tested for solubility. Soluble proteins are then further tested to confirm that they retain the biological characteristics of the native protein. The soluble form can also be created by adding amino acids, binding a hydrophilic moiety to the native protein or combinations of deleting, adding, and binding hydrophilic moieties to the protein.