anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVES: Speech understanding is considered a bimodal and bidirectional process, whereby visual information (i.e., speechreading) and also cognitive functions (i.e., top-down processes) are involved. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is twofold: (1) to investigate the auditory (A), visual (V), and cognitive (C) abilities in normal-hearing individuals, hearing aid (HA) users, and cochlear implant (CI) users, and (2) to determine an auditory, visual, cognitive (AVC)-profile providing a comprehensive overview of a person's speech processing abilities, containing a broader variety of factors involved in speech understanding.
DESIGN: Three matched groups of subjects participated in this study: (1) 31 normal-hearing adults (mean age = 58.76), (2) 31 adults with moderate to severe hearing loss using HAs (mean age = 59.31), (3) 31 adults with a severe to profound hearing loss using a CI (mean age = 58.86). The audiological assessments consisted of pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry in quiet and in noise. For evaluation of the (audio-) visual speech processing abilities, the Test for (Audio) Visual Speech perception was used. The cognitive test battery consisted of the letter-number sequencing task, the letter detection test, and an auditory Stroop test, measuring working memory and processing speed, selective attention, and cognitive flexibility and inhibition, respectively. Differences between the three groups were examined using a one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis test, depending on the normality of the variables. Furthermore, a principal component analysis was conducted to determine the AVC-profile.
RESULTS: Normal-hearing individuals scored better for both auditory, and cognitive abilities compared to HA users and CI users, listening in a best aided condition. No significant differences were found for speech understanding in a visual condition, despite a larger audiovisual gain for the HA users and CI users. Furthermore, an AVC-profile was composed based on the different auditory, visual, and cognitive assessments. On the basis of that profile, it is possible to determine one comprehensive score for auditory, visual, and cognitive functioning. In the future, these scores could be used in auditory rehabilitation to determine specific strengths and weaknesses per individual patient for the different abilities related to the process of speech understanding in daily life.
CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested to evaluate individuals with hearing loss from a broader perspective, considering more than only the typical auditory abilities. Also, cognitive and visual abilities are important to take into account to have a more complete overview of the speech understanding abilities in daily life.
The invention is directed to a device and method for delivering a therapeutic substance to a bodily tissue in a minimally invasive manner. The device includes an elongate flexible tubular member having a proximal end and a distal end. A control means is provided for enabling the distal end of the tubular member to be controllably flexed in a transverse manner for positioning the distal end of the tubular member proximate to the bodily tissue to be treated. A hollow needle is disposed at the distal end of the tubular member for delivering the therapeutic substance into the bodily tissue. A marking means is also included for indicating when a injection has been made in the tissue. The invention is particularly useful for treatment of ischemic heart disease by gene therapy.
Analogs of ShK toxin and methods for using such ShK analogs. The ShK analogs generally comprise ShK toxin attached to a chemical entity (e.g. an atom, molecule, group, residue, compound, moiety, etc.) that has an anionic charge.  In some embodiments the chemical entity attached to the ShK toxin may comprise an amino acid residue. The ShK analogs may be administered to human or non-human animal subjects to cause inhibition of potassium channels or to otherwise treat diseases or disorders. In some embodiments, the chemical entity to which the ShK toxin is attached may be chosen to provide selective inhibition of certain potassium channels (e.g., Kv1.3 channels) over other potassium channels (e.g., Kv1.1 channels). In come embodiments, the chemical entity to which the ShK toxin is attached may include a fluorophore, thereby providing a fluorophore tagged ShK analog. Such fluorophore tagged ShK analogs may be used in flow cytometry alone, or in conjunction with class II tetramers that can detect autoreactive cells.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide fully human antibodies in a transgenic animal of a desired isotype in response to immunization with virtually any desired antigen.  <P>SOLUTION: The human immunoglobulin heavy chain transgene in animals comprises a human constant region gene segment comprising exons encoding the desired heavy chain isotype, and is operably linked to switch segments from a constant region of a different heavy chain isotype. The additional constant region segment comprises a switch region and a human constant region coding segment, wherein the constant region coding segment is operably linked to the switch region that is not normally associated. In the transgenes, a non-cognate switch region may be a switch region from a different species than the constant region coding segment. The switch region and membrane exons may comprise a human γ-2 constant region and the secreted constant region exons are from a human γ-1 or a human γ-4 constant region.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
Liquid orlistat-containing fill materials suitable for encapsulating in hard or soft capsules are described herein. The fill material contains orlistat dissolved in one or more medium chain triglycerides or medium chain partial triglycerides, one or more citrate esters, and combinations thereof. The fill material can also contain one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. In one embodiment, the fili material is substantially free of surfactants. The fill material can be encapsulated in hard or soft, gelatin or non-gelatin capsules. The capsules may be coated to modify release of orlistat from the capsule. Alternatively, the fill material can be encapsulated in an enteric capsule, wherein the enteric polymer is a component of the capsule shell, rather than a coating over the capsule shell. The fill materials are stable at elevated temperatures over an extended period of time and allow for high loadings of orlistat (e.g., 20% w/w or higher).
Antimicrobial thermoplastic hydrogels having various forms and shapes (e.g., particles, fibers, and film) and their method of manufacture are disclosed. These antimicrobial hydrogels are water-swollen, but water-insoluble and have an essentially non-leachable antimicrobial compound ionically bonded to a thermoplastic. The hydrogel comprises at least one vinyl addition interpolymer having pendant alkali metal carboxylate groups or salts thereof, and at least one essentially non-leachable cationic antimicrobial compound ionically bonded to substantially all of the pendant carboxylate groups. Cationic antimicrobial compounds such as quaternary ammonium salts (e.g., cetyl pyridinium chloride) are especially preferred. The antimicrobial hydrogels are stable to a variety of fluid media and can be dehydrated and subsequently rehydrated. The antimicrobial hydrogels can also be formed into dispersions and used to coat fibers and fabrics. The antimicrobial hydrogels are particularly useful in destroying microorganisms contained in aqueous fluid media.
The invention discloses a Chinese herbal medicament additive for preventing chicken pyreticosis, comprising astragalus, lanceolata, honeysuckle, forsythia, isatis root, goose grass, cicada shell, barrenwort, haw, banksia rose, and cynomorium songaricum. The medicaments above are made into fine powder (200 orders) and mixed homogeneously, and 0.5kg medicament powder is charged into 100kg feedstuff (basal diet) during the utilizing. After the chicken eats the medicament, the invention can advance the digestion and absorption of the chicken, reinforce the appetite, increase the growing speed, and averagely reduce the morbidity of the chicken by 94.75%. The laying rate is increased by 0.2-5%, and the weight of the egg is averagely increased 0.68-2.9g. After using the additive, the input-output ratio is enhanced by 2.5-10%, and the cost of each kilogram of eggs is reduced by 0.3-0.7 yuan. The additive has wide material source, security and nontoxicity, and low price. Moreover, the invention is unable to produce drug resistance, and the chicken product doesn't have medicament residues, thereby the invention is a perfect additive succedaneum.
PURPOSE:To obtain a solid composition, comprising an anionic polyelectrolyte, an acidic substance and a medicine and having the control release or mucosal sticking function of the medicine. CONSTITUTION:This sustained release pharmaceutical preparation comprises 10-70wt.% anionic polyelectrolyte (e.g. sodium alginate), 0.01-30wt.% acidic substance (e.g. phosphoric acid), 10-80wt.% medicine and 0.01-50wt.% cross- linking agent (e.g. calcium chloride). A hypotensive agent, an antiarrhythmic agent, an antiasthmatic agent, an antispasmodic agent, an analgesic agent, an analeptic agent, a sedative, an antipyretic agent, an antiinflammatory agent, etc., are cited as the medicine. The release rate of the medicine from the objective solid composition or solid coated composition can be regulated by regulating the kind and amounts of the anionic polyelectrolyte, acidic substance and cross- linking agent used. Furthermore, the solid pharmaceutical preparation having the release rate of the medicine nondependent on the liquid quality (pH) in the living body, especially in the outer world such as the interior of the digestive tract can be obtained.
Sudden out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOH-CA) remains a significant cause of death, in spite of recent declines in overall mortality from cardiovascular disease. Existing methods of emergency resuscitation are inadequate due to time delays inherent in the transport of a trained responder with defibrillation capabilities to the side of the OOH-CA victim. Existing Emergency Medical Services (EMS) systems typically combine paramedic Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) services with some level of community involvement, such as bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training. Some communities include automated external defibrillators (AEDs) at isolated sites or in mobile police or fire vehicles. A comprehensive, integrated community approach to treatment with AEDs would have community units served by these volunteer non-medical responders who can quickly identify and treat a patient with OOH-CA. Such an approach is termed Public Access Defibrillation (PAD).
PURPOSE:A skin cream effective for preventing, remedying and treating especially acne(pimple) and for preventing dandruff by applying it to scalp, containing a reaction product of an adduct of an unsaturated fatty alcohol with ethylene oxide and sulfure as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:An external preparation for skin(ointment) or a skin cosmetic(cream or cream for scalp) is blended with 0.01-20pts.wt., preferably 0.1-10pts. wt. based on 100pts.wt. total amount of a reaction product of an adduct of a straight-chain or branched fatty alcohol having one or more unsaturated bonds in the molecule, preferably 6-36C double bonds, such as oleyl alcohol, with ethylene oxide, and sulfur, to give a skin cream having no side effect such as inflammation, etc., having improved feeling in use, capable of preventing excellently dandruff, acne, etc. especially by applying it to the scalp, and not causing reduction in quality resulting from oxidation denaturation of an oil in the case of blending with an oily component.
Abstract This invention relates to novel analogs of the DNA-alkylating agent CC-1065 and to their conjugates. Furthermore this invention concerns intermediates for the preparation of said agents and conjugates. The conjugates are designed to release their (multiple) payload after one or more activation steps and/or at a rate and time span controlled by the conjugate in order to selectively deliver and/or controllably release one or more of said DNA alkylating agents. The agents, conjugates, and intermediates can be used to treat an illness that is characterized by undesired (cell) proliferation. As an example, the agents and the conjugates of this invention may be used to treat a tumor. 6768426_1 (GHMatters) P87025.AU.1 JANETN
Cortisol (CORT) is a glucocorticoid hormone, often associated with response to stress and playing a key role in alcohol use and problems. First, acute alcohol administration increases CORT, which in turn amplifies the mesolimbic dopamine reward signal. Second, alcohol withdrawal elevates CORT levels in AUD compared with healthy control subjects, and CORT levels in early abstinence predict subsequent relapse to drinking. Finally, the magnitude of CORT response to external stressors predicts motivation to work for and consumption of alcohol in the human laboratory and in the natural environment. Importantly, recent studies in rodents and humans have demonstrated that blocking CORT activity using a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist reduces these effects of CORT on alcohol behaviors, indicating a causal role for glucocorticoids in these relationships. In alcohol use disorder (AUD) and matched healthy control (HC) men and women, the proposed research examines the effects of MIFE, with demonstrated preclinical effects on drinking-related behaviors, compared to placebo on a breadth of alcohol-related measures. All subjects will be randomized to daily MIFE or placebo. Before and during medication, AUD and HC subjects undergo fMRI scanning measuring resting-state functional connectivity and alcohol cue-induced brain activation focused on brain reward and stress pathways. All subjects are admitted to the Clinical Research Unit; AUD subjects undergo supervised alcohol withdrawal with daily measurements of alcohol craving and symptom severity. Using validated human laboratory procedures in AUD subjects, this study will examine the effects of stress on motivation to drink and alcohol sensitivity/reward as a function of GR antagonism. This work will help pave the way for improved pharmacotherapies that target stress and reward pathways in the brain involved in initiating and maintaining drinking.
All emotions such as sadness, anger, fear or joy undoubtedly have an important place in our lives. Our emotions influence all areas of our lives and particularly our relationships: with our spouses, our friends, our children, our colleagues. Emotions are necessary for our decisions. By influencing our decisions, emotions automatically impact our performance.

By guiding our choices, our emotions lead us to take risks. Taking risks is sometimes essential to a suitable decision. But this risk-taking must not result from an inappropriate decision-making process. People must therefore adapt their risk-taking, i.e. integrate our emotions into decision-making. It is therefore not a question of ignoring one's emotions, but of regulating them in order to be in a state favorable to action. This awareness of emotional feelings would help develop the ability to produce good internal feedback.

The purpose of COSMOS project is to help individuals better self-assess by taking advantage of their emotional feelings. To do this, investigators will teach individuals to detect and manage their emotions using an emotional neurofeedback device developped by the Neuraxess platform (a functional neuroimiaging and neurostimulation platform, located in Besancon, France). Neurofeedback is a type of biofeedback, namely a rehabilitation method based on the subject's awareness of physiological processes, during which the neuronal activity of an individual is measured and presented to him in real time, here in artistic form. The goal of this method is that the individual manages to self-regulate his neuronal activity supposed to underlie a specific behavior. So, over time, the participant might be able to learn how to voluntarily control the activation of their cerebral cortex in order to regulate their emotions and behaviors in everyday life. Here, by learning to detect and manage their emotions, participants will be able to take more appropriate risks. The balloon test (Balloon Analogue Risk Task or BART) is used to measure risk taking. This tasks consists of inflating a balloon by clicking on a button on the computer. The more the balloon inflates, the more money participants earn, but the involved risk is to reach a threshold where the balloon bursts and participants lose everything. Participants have the choice between reaching the limit and losing everything or controlling ourselves and recovering our gains before the disaster. This is a simple test but it closely matches the behavior of the player at a poker or roulette table in a casino. Participants' risk-taking will be assessed before the emotional neurofeedback sessions and then after 10 sessions.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves the use of bis-dyes containing two chromophores at carbon coupling chain ends that can contain auxochromes. Compounds show high analgetic activity in combination with antitumor activity. Agents can be used for the pain syndrome arresting, in part, of cancer etiology. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of method. 4 cl, 4 tbl
This is a phase II multicenter trial of Abiraterone Acetate (AA) in patients with progressive prostate cancer despite androgen deprivation with a particular focus on the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacogenomic events occurring at the time of apparent drug resistance. All eligible patients will have baseline (prior to taking the first dose of Abiraterone Acetate 1000mg/daily) measures of routine clinical variables along with measurements of baseline and treatment related changes in testosterone, androgen, and endocrine levels, genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the selected enzymes known to be directly inhibited by Abiraterone Acetate, and collection of circulating tumor cells. All patients will be requested to consent for biopsies which will be performed prior to treatment and at the time of disease progression on standard dose Abiraterone Acetate therapy. These biopsies will be analyzed for expression of an androgen receptor (AR)-signature as well as for microarray analysis to explore changes in methylation, and expression of CYP17A1 and other androgen synthesis genes.

Subjects will then begin daily oral therapy with Abiraterone Acetate 1000mg po daily with physiologic prednisone 5mg BID replacement. No food should be consumed for at least 2 hours before the dose of Abiraterone Acetate and for at least 1 hour after the dose of Abiraterone Acetate is taken. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) will be followed monthly. Abiraterone Acetate will be supplied by Janssen Services. At the end of the first month, the third month, and then every three months thereafter, Abiraterone Acetate, testosterone, and androgen levels will be followed. Subjects not achieving a greater than or equal to 30% PSA decline at 12 weeks will be taken off study. At the time of progression (defined by RECIST criteria OR by the Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 (PCWG) criteria as a 25% increase in PSA above the nadir and an increase in the absolute value PSA of at least 2ng/dl or back to baseline confirmed at least 2 weeks afterward) for subjects who achieved an initial greater than or equal to 30% PSA decline (referred to as Progressive Disease (PD) #1), subjects will begin taking Abiraterone Acetate 1000 mg po BID. Patients will continue to take prednisone 5mg twice a day (BID) and will continue this therapy until a second progression at which point they will be withdrawn from the study. While 1000 mg po BID is not the FDA recommended dose, it is the dose to be investigated in this study.
Following an overnight (10 hour) fast, two catheters will be placed into the lower arm (one in each arm). One arm will be used for infusion of 6,6-\[2H2\] glucose tracer and the other will be used for blood sampling under resting and exercise conditions. Following an initial blood sample collection to determine background enrichments, a primed, continuous infusion of 6,6-\[2H2\] glucose will begin (prime, 82.2 µmol∙kg-1; continuous rate, 0.78 µmol∙kg-1∙min-1, Figure 1). The 6,6-\[2H2\] glucose will be infused for 100 min under resting fasted conditions to ensure isotopic steady-state is achieved prior to initiating exercise. Volunteers will consume either an isocaloric KE+CHO (KE: 573 mg KE/kg body mass, CHO: 110 g) or CHO drink prior to and during 90-min of metabolically-matched (\~60 ± 5 % of VO2peak), steady-state load carriage (\~30% body mass) exercise. Drinks will be enriched with U-13C-glucose (Cambridge Isotope Laboratory, Andover, MA, USA) to increase the isotopic enrichment well above natural levels and optimize the measurement of exogenous carbohydrate oxidation. During exercise V̇O2, V̇CO2, and HR will be measured at approximately 0, 20, 45, 60, 75, and 85 min.

After the 90-min steady-state treadmill exercise, participants will complete a TTE performance test. For volunteer safety TTE performance tests will be conducted without the additional weight from the load carriage exercise. Volunteers will be given time to stretch and warm-up on the treadmill before the TTE performance test beings. Volunteers will then run on the treadmill at a fixed speed and grade that elicits 85% of their VO2peak. The TTE performance test will be determined as the time of volitional exhaustion. Following completion of the test, a self-selected cool-down will occur. Volunteers will complete a minimum of two practice exercise sessions to ensure they are familiar with the performance test.

The following day volunteers will return to the laboratory after an overnight fast. After consuming the study drink (KE+CHO or CHO) participants will complete a self-paced 4-mile load carriage (\~30% body mass) time trial on a treadmill to assess aerobic performance. Time trial performance will be assessed as the total amount of time taken to complete 4 miles. The treadmill will be set at a constant 1% grade for the entire test. Following a warm-up period, volunteers will blindly modulate treadmill speed in order to complete the distance as quickly as possible. The only feedback given will be distance covered at half mile increments. At half mile increments volunteers' rate of perceived exertion will be determined using the Borg Scale. Heart rate will be monitored throughout the time trial. Heart rate will be recorded at half mile increments. No motivation will be provided during the time trial. Participants may consume water ad libitum during the time trial. Following completion of the test, a self-selected cool-down will occur. Volunteers will complete a minimum of two practice exercise sessions to ensure they are familiar with the performance test.