anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) represents a spectrum of lung disorders caused by local proliferation of Aspergillus hyphae in individuals with non-systemic or mildly systemic immunodepression or altered pulmonary integrity due to underlying disease. While long-term systemic antifungal treatment is still the mainstay for management, surgery is considered mainly in rarer invasive disease manifestations such as sinusitis and osteomyelitis. Optimal application of existing antifungal agents with suitable pharmacokinetic properties is important for the treatment of diseases such as CPA, which requires long-term use. Appropriate management of side effects by therapeutic drug monitoring, maintenance of adherence, and assessment of drug resistance to Aspergillus can provide safe and effective treatment in the future. Most available antifungal agents for the management of mycoses in humans have disadvantages that can limit their use in clinical practice. By contrast, second generation antifungals such as triazoles have advantages of extended antifungal spectrum and availability in both oral and intravenous formulations. Isavuconazole, a new extended spectrum triazole, has been shown to be effective against Aspergillus. The safety profile and excellent pharmacokinetic characteristics of isavuconazole make it an attractive option for treatment of invasive fungal infections including CPA. With this drug now available in Japan, new evidence is expected to expand treatment options. This review focuses on the selection of antifungal agents based on national and international guidelines and the characteristics of each agent for their appropriate use in CPA.
Adderall-ER will be taken once per day in the morning or early afternoon since it may be activating. The dose is titrated to 60 mg per day or the maximum tolerated dose over two weeks and maintained for the duration of the study. Topiramate will be taken twice per day in the morning and the evening and titrated to 200mg/day or the maximum tolerated dose over the course of 6 weeks and maintained for the duration of the study.
PURPOSE: To obtain an extract containing a taxane compound useful as a raw material for medicines by decomposing a taxaceous plant and the wall of the cultured cells therefrom followed by conducting an extraction. CONSTITUTION: First, a taxaceous plant and the wall of the cultured cells therefrom are ground and treated with a cell wall decomposition enzyme to effect decomposition. Secondly, the decomposition product is subjected to extraction using an organic solvent. Dichloromethane, etc., is directly added to the cell residues, while a solvent with low affinity for water and readily soluble for the taxane compound (e.g. chloroform) is added to the enzyme liquor, conducting a partition. The grinding treatment increases the resultant extract 1.2-1.5wt.times the conventional. cases, the cell wall decomposition enzyme treatment 1.2-1.4wt. times, and a combination of both the treatments 2-3 wt.times. Improvement in extraction efficiency reduces the raw material cost for the taxane compound, and natural environmental destruction involved in taxaceous plant felling can be decreased.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a hair treating emulsion capable of stably holding a principal agent such as an oxidation dye without dropping off in using and having high hair dyeing effect by combinedly using the first agent which is prepared by mixing a specific compound into an oil phase of a water-in-oil type emulsion and a specific second agent. SOLUTION: This hair treating emulsion is obtained by combinedly using the first agent which is prepared by mixing an oil-soluble polymer compound into an oil phase of a water-in-oil type emulsion containing a principal agent in a water phase and capable of stably holding the principal agent, and a second agent capable of easily transferring the first agent to an oil-in-water type emulsion or inducing demulsification when mixed with the first agent. A polar oil may be added to the oil-soluble polymer compound of the first agent. Preferably, a cellulose ether or ethyl cellulose, etc., is used as the oil-soluble polymer compound and an isostearyl alcohol, is used as the polar oil. Especially, the emulsion composed of the first agent containing an oxidation dye and the second agent containing an oxidizer such as H2 O2 is preferable.  The two-agents type hair dye suppresses deterioration of the hair dye even stored for a long period of time.
To provide a technique of exerting a function of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) in a fibroblast or a melanocyte.SOLUTION: Expression of an FGF21 receptor in a fibroblast or a melanocyte is enhanced by using specific plant extract. Extract of Myrtaceae plant and/or extract of Asteraceae plant are used as an active ingredient of an FGF21 receptor expression enhancer in a fibroblast. Such an agent can be preferably blended into anti-wrinkle composition. The extract of Myrtaceae plant and/or extract of Leguminosae plant are used as an active ingredient of the FGF21 receptor expression enhancer in a melanocyte. Such an agent can be preferably blended into a whitening composition. In a preferable aspect, the extract of Myrtaceae plant is Syzygium aromaticum extract, the extract of Asteraceae plant is Achillea millefolium Linne extract, and the extract of Leguminosae plant is Aspalathus linearis extract.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
This study is being conducted in the context of a nationwide implementation of SafeCare, an evidence-based parent training program. The primary goal of the research is to examine methods of coaching newly trained providers to implement a specific evidence-based practice. Thus, in this study, we are examining how two different coaching models affect provider fidelity and competence and parent's acquisition of the skills being trained. The primary participants in this study are the local coaches that will provide coaching to home visitors, the home visitors that will provide SafeCare to parents and the parents who will receive the SafeCare model. A total of 20 coaches, 90 home visitors and 270 parents have been proposed to participate in the study (n=380). The nature of participation in the study is similar for coaches and home visitors, but somewhat different for parents. Both groups will be asked to complete a variety of questionnaires at different time points, and allow observation of their performance with SafeCare delivery (for home visitors) and fidelity monitoring and coaching (for coaches). Observations may be done live or via audio recording. Parent participants will already be enrolled in SafeCare services, a voluntary parent-training program for parents, and will be invited to participate in this study by their home visitor. Parents' participation will involve completing a baseline and post-treatment in-home assessment before and after the SafeCare program, respectively. Each assessment will include an audio-computer assisted self-interview (ACASi), and an assessment of SafeCare skills. Parents will also complete 4 brief telephone interviews to assess their satisfaction and engagement with SafeCare services and provider competence. A more detailed list of data collection for coaches, home visitors, and trainers is as follows: Coaches: (1) prior to training/implementation, complete survey of individual and organizational variables that relate to implementation (2) allow observations of fidelity monitoring and coaching (3) report on home visitor competence, perceived self-competence, and support received from trainer (once per month for 6 months) (4) complete weekly time diaries reporting on time spent coaching (weekly for 6 months); Home visitors (1) prior to training/implementation, complete survey of individual and organizational variables that relate to implementation (2) allow and submit observations of SafeCare implementation (3) report on coach competence and support received from coach and perceived self-competence (once per month for 6 months); Families (1) complete baseline and post-treatment assessment involving behavioral observations and survey completed via ACASI (2) complete four short telephone interview reporting on home visitor competence and satisfaction with services.
Design: observational, unicentric prospective. 50 patients / year will be included, for 3 years. The care protocol (evaluation and follow-up) of the multidisciplinary sleep unit will be followed. Demographic and anthropometric data will be collected. The dental status of the temporo-mandibular joint will be assessed. Radiological records, home respiratory polygraphy, ambulatory monitoring device for 7 days , quality of life questionnaires before and after treatment.
Participants will receive a single dose of 25 mg of prednisone on Day -19; a single dose of 25 mg prednisone and 600 mg of mifepristone on Day -12; and a single dose of 25 mg prednisone and a single dose of CORT125134 on Day 1. The dose of CORT125134 will be chosen such that it has been previously administered in a prior SAD cohort.
BACKGROUND: Children born with Trisomy 13 or 18 (T13/18) often have multiple congenital anomalies, many of which drastically shorten their lifespan. Among these defects are cleft lip and palate, the repair of which presents an ethical dilemma to the surgeon given the underlying comorbidities associated with T13/18. The authors present an ethical discussion and institutional experience in navigating this dilemma.
METHODS: The authors analyzed existing literature on T13 and T18 surgery and mortality. A retrospective study over ten years was also conducted to identify pediatric patients who underwent surgical correction of cleft lip and/or palate secondary to a confirmed diagnosis of T13/18. The authors identified two patients and examined their treatment course.
RESULTS: The authors' review of literature coupled with their institution's experience builds on the published successes of correcting cleft lip and palate in the setting of T13/18. It was found that both patients identified in the case series underwent successful correction with no surgical complications.
CONCLUSION: A careful balance must be struck between improved quality of life, benefits of treatment, and risks of surgery in children with T13/T18. Careful consideration should be given to the medical status of these complex patients. If the remaining medical comorbidities are well managed and under control, there is an ethical precedent for performing cleft lip and palate surgeries on these children. A diagnosis of T13/T18 alone is not enough to disqualify patients from cleft lip/palate surgery.
Induction of Ovulation was evaluated in a randomized, assessor-blind, multinational, multicenter, active-controlled trial in oligo-anovulatory infertile women. Women were randomized to either GONAL-F RFF (n=83), administered subcutaneously, or a comparator recombinant human FSH product. The use of insulin-sensitizing agents was allowed during the trial. The trial was designed to evaluate and compare mean ovulation rates in the first cycle of treatment. Results for GONAL-F RFF are presented in Table 3. Also presented in this table are secondary outcome results from cycle 1 through 3. The trial was not powered to demonstrate differences in any of the secondary outcomes.
Blisters are a common complication of orthopedic trauma and can cause surgery delay and increase the risk of infection. This study aims to identify risk factors for blisters in patients with acute compartment syndrome (ACS). Our study collected data from 206 ACS patients admitted to 2 hospitals between November 2013 and January 2021. Patients were divided into 2 groups: the blister group (BG) and the control group (CG), based on the presence or absence of blisters. We conducted univariate analysis, logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to identify any significant differences in demographics, comorbidities, and admission laboratory test results between the 2 groups. Our study found that the incidence of blisters in ACS patients was 21.8% (45 out of 206). Univariate analysis identified several factors that were significantly associated with blister formation. Logistic regression analysis showed that patients who developed ACS in the winter or spring (P = .007, OR = 2.690, 95% CI [1.308-5.534]), patients who received a referral (the process whereby patients are transferred between medical facilities for further evaluation and treatment attempts prior to admission to our hospital) (P = .009, OR = 4.235, 95% CI [1.432-12.527]), and patients with higher PLR (P = .036, OR = 1.005, 95% CI [1.000-1.009]) were independent risk factors for blisters. Additionally, a history of drinking (P = .039, OR = 0.027, 95% CI [0.046-0.927]) was found to be a protective factor for blister formation in these patients. Moreover, ROC curve analysis showed that a PLR value of 138 was the cutoff point for predicting the development of blisters in ACS patients. Our study identified seasonal factors (refer to these months like winter or spring), referral, and patients with higher PLR as independent risk factors, and a history of drinking as a protective factor for blister formation in ACS patients. These findings allow clinicians to individualize the evaluation of blister risk and perform early targeted therapies.
Metabolic reprogramming precedes most alterations during pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure (HF). Recent studies have revealed that Phosphofructokinase, platelet (PFKP) has a wealth of metabolic and non-metabolic functions. In this study, we explored the role of PFKP in cardiac hypertrophic growth and HF. The expression level of PFKP was elevated both in pathological cardiac remodeling mouse model challenged by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery and in the neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) stimulated by phenylephrine (PE). In global PFKP knockout (PFKP-KO) mice, cardiac hypertrophy was ameliorated under TAC surgery, while overexpression of PFKP by intravenous injection of adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) under the cardiac troponin T (cTnT) promoter worsened myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. In NRCMs, small interfering RNA (SiRNA) knockdown or adenovirus (Adv) overexpression of PFKP was employed and the intervention of PFKP showed a similar phenotype. Mechanistically, immunoprecipitation combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (IP-MS/MS) analysis was used to identify the interacting proteins of PFKP. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta (EIF2S2) was identified as the downstream target of PFKP. In the PE-stimulated NRCM hypertrophy model and mouse TAC model, knocking down EIF2S2 after PFKP overexpression reduced the synthesis of new proteins and alleviated the hypertrophy phenotype. Our findings illuminate that PFKP participates in pathological cardiac hypertrophy partly by regulating protein synthesis through EIF2S2, which provides a new clue for the involvement of metabolic intermediates in signal transduction.
The (control - no wound protector) will not use the protector device during the course of the surgery. During surgery 4 tissue swab cultures will be obtained and sent to a laboratory for analysis.
Sleep disorders are commonplace in our modern societies. Specialized hospital departments are generally overloaded, and sleep assessment is an expensive process in terms of equipment, human resources, and time. Biomarkers would usefully complement current measures in the screening and follow-up of sleep disorders and their daytime repercussions. Among salivary markers, a growing body of literature suggests that salivary α-amylase (sAA) may be a cross-species marker of sleep debt. However, there is no consensus as to the direction of variation in sAA with sleep disorders. Herein, after describing the mechanisms of sAA secretion and its relationship with stress, studies assessing the relationship between sAA and sleep parameters are reviewed. Finally, the influence of confounding factors is discussed, along with methodological considerations, to better understand the fluctuations in sAA and facilitate future studies in the field.
Acute flank pain is a common chief complaint in emergency departments (ED), but it is a challenge for physicians in ED to accurately diagnose. It can cause variable diseases and is in many cases lethal (e.g. aortic dissection, ruptured aortic aneurysm, renal artery dissection, ruptured tumor, etc). The computed tomography scan with IV contrast is an ideal tool to diagnose due to its high sensitivity and specificity and is a golden standard examination. However, currently point-of-care ultrasound is routinely used as first-line technique. As this procedure is non-invasive and has no radiative effect, it is considered more logical, especially for those critical patients who are not able to move and perform the CT scan. Furthermore, the iodine contrast of CT scan is known as renal toxicity and should be used with caution in patient with hyperthyroidism and allergy to the contrast. The radiation of CT scan would be harmful to the pregnant patient as well.

IV contrast ultrasound is a novel technique nowadays and it is widely used in diagnosing breast, liver, renal and pancreatic tumors. The ultrasound contrast using air microbubbles could enhance the scanning quality and also has high sensitivity and specificity. In ED, ultrasound with contrast now could be applied to the abdominal trauma and pediatric injury. For those patients with poor renal function, thyroid disease and pregnant women who cannot undergo IV contrast CT, IV contrast ultrasound provides a faster and safer way to evaluate patients in ED. We compared CT and ultrasound with IV contrast to determine the difference in efficiency between both examinations.
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) and liver cancer are two of the leading causes of cancer death in the United States and persistent disparities in CRC and liver cancer incidence and outcomes exist. Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the main contributors to liver cancer. Effective screening for both CRC and HCV exist and are recommended for individuals based upon age, regardless of gender or sex assigned at birth. Recommendations for both screening behaviors have been recently updated. However, screening rates for both CRC and HCV are suboptimal. Targeting adoption of multiple screening behaviors has the potential to reduce cancer mortality and disparities.
OBJECTIVE: To examine psychosocial factors associated with completion of CRC and HCV screenings in order to inform a multi-behavioral educational intervention that pairs CRC and HCV screening information.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with participants (N = 50) recruited at two community health centers in Florida (United States). Kruskal-Wallis and Fisher's exact tests were used to examine associations between completion of both CRC and HCV screening, CRC and HCV knowledge, Preventive Health Model constructs (e.g., salience and coherence, response efficacy, social influence), and sociodemographic variables.
RESULTS: Most participants were White (84%), female (56%), insured (80%), and reported a household income of $25,000 or less (53%). 30% reported ever previously completing both CRC and HCV screenings. Prior completion of both screening behaviors was associated with higher educational attainment (p = .014), having health insurance (p = .022), being U.S.-born (p = .043), and higher salience and coherence scores for CRC (p = .040) and HCV (p = .004).
CONCLUSIONS: Findings demonstrate limited uptake of both CRC and HCV screenings among adults born between 1945 and 1965. Uptake was associated with multiple sociodemographic factors and health beliefs related to salience and coherence. Salience and coherence are modifiable factors associated with completion of both screening tests, suggesting the importance of incorporating these health beliefs in a multi-behavioral cancer education intervention. Additionally, health providers could simultaneously recommend and order CRC and HCV screening to improve uptake among this age cohort.
The study is an open enrollment, single-center, single blinded design using four test rings in motion compared to arterial blood gas measurements (SaO2) and to two commercially available hospital grade reference pulse oximeters (Masimo Radical-7 and Nellcor N-595) and at rest for two test rings and the test wrist device. To be included in the study, subjects had to meet all the inclusion criteria and not meet any of the exclusion criteria and to sign the written consent. Demographic data were obtained.

The investigational (7/subject) and reference devices were placed. A radial arterial cannula was placed in either the left or right wrist of each subject for arterial blood sampling and blood pressure monitoring. Each subject had two control blood samples taken at the beginning of each experiment, while breathing room air. Hands with test devices and reference pulse oximeters were maintained in motion or motionless on arm boards throughout the test. Hypoxemia was then induced to different and stable levels of oxyhemoglobin saturation (between 70-100%) by having subjects breathe mixtures of nitrogen, air, and carbon dioxide. The mixture of gases was controlled by the study physician by adjusting gas flows according to breath-by-breath estimates of oxygen saturation calculated from end-tidal partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2). Each plateau level of oxyhemoglobin saturation was maintained for at least 30 seconds or until readings were stable. Two arterial blood samples were then obtained, approximately 30 seconds apart. Each stable plateau was maintained for at least 60 seconds with SpO2 fluctuating by less than 2-3%. All investigational, control, and reference data were recorded.
INTRODUCTION: Blood culture contamination remains a dilemma issue in the diagnosis of bloodstream infection. However, to date, there is no national data on blood culture contamination and the common organism isolated in Malaysia. This is a pioneer multi-centre study involving public hospitals with medical microbiologists in Malaysia to determine the blood culture contamination rate and the common organism isolated.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study involved record review of all blood culture results over 9 months period from 1st January 2018 until 30th September 2018 in 27 government hospitals in Malaysia. For each positive culture result, the type of isolated organism was classified to represent true bacteraemia or contamination.
RESULTS: We analysed 448,109 blood culture records from the participating hospitals. The blood culture positivity rate was 12.5% (57395 of 448109) and 25.0% (14367 of 57395) of the positive blood culture represents contamination. The national blood culture contamination rate in Malaysia was 3.2%. The contamination rate in the adult population was significantly higher than the paediatric population (3.6% vs. 2.6%; p<0.001). The blood contamination rate by institution ranged from 1.5% to 6.8%. The most frequently isolated microorganisms in the contaminated cultures were coagulase-negative staphylococci (71.0%).
CONCLUSION: Blood culture contamination is a major issue that warrants priority in recognition, and interventions should be implemented to reduce the blood contamination rate in Malaysia.
Wait list control group. Participants will be placed on the wait list and asked to maintain their current routine and level of activity during the 10 week period. Control group participants will receive the dynamic balance training program in a single training session after the followup (second testing session at 10 weeks).