anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: There is insufficient research on how gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) affects body fat modifications in transwomen from China. It is unclear whether hormone therapy affects the prevalence of obesity and blood lipid levels within this population. The current research aimed to assess how GAHT and treatment duration had an impact on the change in and redistribution of body fat in Chinese transwomen.
METHODS: This study included 40 transwomen who had not received GAHT and 59 who had. Body fat, blood lipid, and blood glucose levels were measured. GAHT is mainly a pharmacologic (estrogen and anti-androgen) treatment. The study also stratified participants based on the duration of GAHT to assess its impact on body fat distribution. The duration of GAHT was within one year, one to two years, two to three years, or more than three years.
RESULTS: After receiving GAHT, total body fat increased by 19.65%, and the percentage of body fat increased by 17.63%. The arm, corrected leg, and leg regions showed significant increases in fat content (+ 24.02%, + 50.69%, and + 41.47%, respectively) and percentage (+ 25.19%, + 34.90%, and + 30.39%, respectively). The total visceral fat content decreased (-37.49%). Based on the diagnostic standards for a body mass index ≥ 28 or total body fat percentage ≥ 25% or 30%, the chance of developing obesity did not change significantly. Blood glucose levels significantly increased (+ 12.31%). Total cholesterol levels (-10.45%) decreased significantly. Fat changes in those who received GAHT for one to two years were significantly different from those who did not receive GAHT.
CONCLUSION: After receiving GAHT, total body fat and regional fat increased in Chinese transwomen, and the body fat distribution changed from masculine to feminine, especially during the first two years. However, neither the increase in total body fat percentage nor the decrease in visceral fat content didn't bring about significant changes in the incidence of obesity, nor did triglycerides or low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol.
INTRODUCTION: Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a challenging malignancy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of bone metastatic CUP using the population-based Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.
METHODS: From the SEER database, we identified 1908 patients with bone metastatic CUP at initial presentation between 2010 and 2018. Histology was subdivided following International Classification of Diseases for Oncology codes as Adenocarcinoma, Squamous cell, Neuroendocrine, or Carcinoma not otherwise specified (NOS). Cox proportional hazard modeling was applied using factors of age, sex, ethnicity, histological subtype, and therapeutic intervention.
RESULTS: Among the 1908 patients, histology was Neuroendocrine in 240 patients, Squamous cell in 201 patients, Adenocarcinoma in 810 patients and NOS in 657 patients. In each subtype, patients tended to be predominantly male and white. Chemotherapy was introduced for 28% of patients and radiation for 34% in the entire cohort. Survival in patients with bone metastatic CUP was unfavorable, with a median survival of 2 months. Among the histological subtypes, Adenocarcinoma showed shorter survival than the other groups. In addition, treatment interventions such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy prolonged survival, particularly for Squamous cell, Adenocarcinoma and NOS, but not for Neuroendocrine.
DISCUSSION: Bone metastatic CUP showed extremely poor prognosis, but treatment interventions such as chemotherapy and radiation generally offered survival benefits. Further randomized clinical research is needed to confirm the present results.
1,234,699. 3 - Alkoxythianaphthene - 2 - carboxamide and derivatives. SOC. D'ETUDES SCIENTIFIQUES ET INDUSTRIELLES DE L'ILE-DE-FRANCE. 28 July, 1969 [29 July, 1968; 28 Oct., 1968], No. 37796/69. Heading C2C. Novel compounds of formula in which A is a C 1-5 alkylamino or di-(C 1-5 alkyl) amino radical; a saturated N-attached heterocyclic ring optionally containing further nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom(s), any further nitrogen atom having a hydrogen atom or C 1-5 alkyl residue attached to it; or a heterocyclic radical of the formula where R is an allyl or a C 1-5 alkyl radical and m is an integer of less than 4; B is an allyl or a C 1-5 alkyl radical; n is 1, 2 or 3 and each of R 1 and R 2 is a hydrogen or halogen atom or a C 1-5 alkoxy, a nitro or an amino radical, including, when one or more asymmetric carbons are present, the dextrorotatory and levorotatory forms of such compounds and the pharmacologically acceptable acid addition or quaternary ammonium salts and 1,1-dioxides thereof, are prepared by cyclizing an alkyl 2-carbomethoxymethylthiobenzoate by means of an alkali metal alcoholate to produce an alkyl 3-hydroxyth anaph hene-2-carboxylate, alkylating the latter by means of an alkylating or allylating agent and saponifying to produce an alkyl 3-(alkoxy or allyloxy)-thianaph hene-2-carboxylic acid, and amidifying the latter by a suitable amine optionally followed by salt and/or dioxide formation; and optionally with reduction of any nitro substituent B to the amino group. 2 - Carbozymethylthio - 5 - nitrobenzoic acid is prepared by reaction of 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid and thioglycolic acid. 2 - Carboxymethylthiobenzoic acid is prepared by diazotization of anthranilic acid and reaction of the diazo compound in situ with potassium xanthate, then chloroacetic acid. 2-Carboxymethylthio - 4,5 - dimethoxybenzoic acid is similarly prepared from methyl 2-amino-4,5-dimethoxybenzoate obtained by reduction of the nitro compound. Pharmaceutical compositions in conventional forms for oral, rectal or parenteral administration or in an aerosol and having anti-emetic and psychotropic activity contain as active ingredient an above novel compound.
[GB1234699A]
OBJECTIVE: To observe the surgical procedure and outcome of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for L5/S1 lumbar disc herniation (LDH) by the interlaminar and transforaminal approach.
METHODS: A total of 153 patients with L5/S1 LDH who were treated using percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy (PETD, n = 84) or percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy (PEID, n = 69) from January 2016 to January 2018 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The time of puncture, operation under the endoscope, total operation and number of fluoroscopy of the two groups were compared. All groups were followed up for two years by using the Oswestry disability index (ODI) and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Additionally, the incidence of complications, reoperation and postoperative low back pain were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS: There were no significant difference in general information between the two groups. Compared to the PEID group, the PETD group had a decreased operation time under the endoscope and an increased puncture time, total operation time, and the number of fluoroscopy (p < 0.05). The preoperative VAS and ODI scores of the PETD and PEID group were decreased at the last follow-up (p < 0.05). There were no difference in the preoperative or last follow-up VAS and ODI scores, as well as complications, reoperation between the two groups (p > 0.05). The incidence of postoperative low back pain in the PETD group was lower than that in the PEID group (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The two-year clinical outcome of PETD is equal to that of PEID for L5/S1 LDH. Compared to those with PETD, the puncture time, total operation time and radiation exposure are lower with PEID, but the incidence of postoperative low back pain is higher.
OBJECTIVE: 2017 blood pressure (BP) categories focus on cardiac risk. We hypothesize that studying the balance between mechanisms that increase or decrease BP across the medical phenome will lead to new insights. We devised a classifier that uses BP measures to assign individuals to mutually exclusive categories centered in the upper (Htn), lower (Hotn) and middle (Naf) zones of the BP spectrum; and examined the epidemiologic and phenotypic patterns of these BP-categories.
METHODS: We classified a cohort of 832,560 deidentified electronic health records by BP-category; compared the frequency of BP-categories and four subtypes of Htn and Hotn by sex and age-decade; visualized the distributions of systolic, diastolic, mean arterial and pulse pressures stratified by BP-category; and ran Phenome-wide Association Studies (PheWAS) for Htn and Hotn. We paired knowledgebases for hypertension and hypotension and computed aggregate knowledgebase status (KB-status) indicating known associations. We assessed alignment of PheWAS results with KB-status for phecodes in the knowledgebase, and paired PheWAS correlations with KB-status to surface phenotypic patterns.
RESULTS: BP-categories represent distinct distributions within the multimodal distributions of systolic and diastolic pressure. They are centered in the upper, lower, and middle zones of mean arterial pressure and provide a different signal than pulse pressure. For phecodes in the knowledgebase, 85% of positive correlations align with KB-status. Phenotypic patterns for Htn and Hotn overlap for several phecodes and are separate for others. Our analysis suggests five candidates for hypothesis testing research, two where the prevalence of the association with Htn or Hotn may be under appreciated, three where mechanisms that increase and decrease blood pressure may be affecting one another's expression.
CONCLUSION: PairedPheWAS methods may open a phenome-wide path to disentangling hypertension and chronic hypotension. Our classifier provides a starting point for assigning individuals to BP-categories representing the upper, lower, and middle zones of the BP spectrum. 4.7 % of individuals matching 2017 BP categories for normal, elevated BP or isolated hypertension, have diastolic pressure < 60. Research is needed to fine-tune the classifier, provide external validation, evaluate the clinical significance of diastolic pressure < 60, and test the candidate hypotheses.
Short-term (≤4 days) coadministration of aspirin with Cilostazol Tablets, USP increased the inhibition of arachidonic acid-induced ex vivoplatelet aggregation by 20% compared to Cilostazol Tablets, USP alone and by 48% compared to aspirin alone. However, short-term coadministration of aspirin with Cilostazol Tablets, USP had no clinically significant impact on PT, aPTT, or bleeding time compared to aspirin alone. Effects of long-term coadministration in the general population are unknown. In eight randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trials, aspirin was coadministered with cilostazol to 201 patients. The most frequent doses and mean durations of aspirin therapy wer 75 to 81 mg daily for 137 days (107 patients) and 325 mg daily for 54 days (85 patients). There was no apparent increases in incidence of hemorrhagic adverse effects in patients taking cilostazol and aspirin compared to patients taking placebo and equivalent doses of aspirin.
Women with premature ovarian failure (POI). A total of 10 patients will be included. All of them will receive the investigational treatment as well as estrogen therapy.
The posterior malleolus of the tibia is commonly accessed surgically through the posterolateral approach. This approach gives good access to the fibula and lateral aspect of the posterior tibia, however; there is little known on the vascular risks with this approach. The aim of this study was to assess and describe the anatomy of the fibular artery and its branches at the ankle region and relate it to the surgical access of the posterior malleolus. Eleven cadaveric foot and ankle specimens were dissected in layers, preserving the fibular artery, anterior tibial artery (ATA), and posterior tibial artery (PTA). Five distinct variations were found in the fibular artery: variable terminal branching with a hyperplastic fibular artery; a superficially located fibular artery; variation in the level and number of anastomoses; variation in the muscular branches; and a variable anterior perforating branch. The mean proximal distance from a horizontal line drawn through the medial protuberance of the medial malleolus of the tibia (horizontal line reference point-HLRP) to the posterior communicating branch of the fibular artery was 37.93 mm (range 19.03-85.43 mm). The mean proximal distance between HLRP and the anterior perforating branch of the fibular artery was 44.23 mm (range 35.44-62.32 mm). In 10 specimens, the fibular artery was immobile distal to its anterior perforating branch. The posterolateral approach specifically puts the fibular artery at risk and knowledge of its anatomy and variability is important when undertaking this approach. Understanding the common variations within the ankle's arterial anatomy can help surgeons protect these vessels from damage during the surgical approach.
We explored the neural correlates of familiarity with people and places using a naturalistic viewing paradigm. Neural responses were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging, while participants viewed a movie taken from Game of Thrones. We compared inter-subject correlations and functional connectivity in participants who were either familiar or unfamiliar with the TV series. Higher inter-subject correlations were found between familiar participants in regions, beyond the visual brain, that are typically associated with the processing of semantic, episodic, and affective information. However, familiarity also increased functional connectivity between face and scene regions in the visual brain and the nonvisual regions of the familiarity network. To determine whether these regions play an important role in face recognition, we measured responses in participants with developmental prosopagnosia (DP). Consistent with a deficit in face recognition, the effect of familiarity was significantly attenuated across the familiarity network in DP. The effect of familiarity on functional connectivity between face regions and the familiarity network was also attenuated in DP. These results show that the neural response to familiarity involves an extended network of brain regions and that functional connectivity between visual and nonvisual regions of the brain plays an important role in the recognition of people and places during natural viewing.
The invention discloses a construction method and application of a bovine mycoplasma mouse mastitis model. The invention provides a method for constructing a mouse mastitis model, which comprises the following steps: inoculating the infection liquid to mammary glands of mice in lactation period; the infection liquid is obtained by suspending mycoplasma bovis NMH7 strain with sterile buffer solution. Specifically, the inoculation mode can be inoculation through a milk duct of the mouse. Specifically, the mammary gland of the mouse is the fourth pair of mammary glands of the mouse. The invention also protects the application of the N-acetyl-L-cysteine in preparing the mycoplasma bovis milk cow mastitis medicament. The model constructed by the invention can simulate the pathological changes of the milk cow mammary gland when clinical mycoplasma bovis milk cow mastitis occurs, and has good repeatability, convenience and practical application value.
This is a prospective, randomized study designed to evaluate if CRT device optimization, guided by electrocardiography, improves echocardiographic and clinical outcomes among HF patients with a CRT device implanted for standard indications. All patients will have measurement of electrocardiograms at a range of device settings. Patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either the active comparator arm (standard CRT programming), or the experimental arm (CRT device programmed by the information obtained by ECGs). Standard CRT programming used in this study is simultaneous biventricular (BiV) pacing with a fixed atrioventricular delay. At 6 months, control patients who were initially randomized to standard programming will have programming changed based on the ECG optimization information. Patients will be blinded to randomization. Change of LV size and function will be performed prior to randomization, and again \~6 and \~12 months following CRT implant in both subgroups.
The present invention relates to a composition capable of reducing an aldehyde-based odorous smell material including a lysosome or a lysosomal enzyme, and to a method for reducing aldehyde-based odorous smells by using the same. The present invention relates to a composition capable of decomposing and oxidizing a main causative material of aldehyde-based odorous smells such as senile bad smells and formaldehyde smells by using a lysosome of an egg white or a lysosomal enzyme, and to a method for reducing odorous smell by using the same. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for decomposing, oxidizing, and reducing aldehyde-based odorous smells such as formaldehyde and nonenal by extracting aldehyde dehydrogenase for catalyzing oxidation (dehydration) of aldehyde in a lysosome. A lysosome used according to the present invention is extracted from an egg white through a physical method through two-time centrifugal processes. During an extraction process, other chemical materials are not added, and the lysosome according to the present invention does not cause side effects in a human body because the lysosome is a cell organelle existing in a human cell. Accordingly, stably thereof is ensured.
Interventions: 3 FES cycling sessions separated by 48h of rest. Each session is comprised of 2 phases separated by 20 minutes of rest. Each phase is comprised of a 3 minutes passive cycling warm-up, followed by 3 minutes of electrically stimulated cycling.
This study is a prospective multi-center observational study. Eligible patients will be enrolled in RelayBranch (NCT03214601). Participating centers must have capabilities of performing intra-operative TCD monitoring and post-operative TCD monitoring. If sites have performed TCD microembolic monitoring during previous RelayBranch procedures, we will also incorporate these data in our analysis. The primary objective is to assess the number and timing of cerebral microemboli during Relay®Branch thoracic stent-graft deployment, to identify the highest risk portions of the procedure. Secondary objectives include: correlate procedural microembolic burden with neuroimaging and clinical outcome; quantify post-operative microemboli, correlating with neuroimaging and clinical outcome; and quantify the changes in cerebral blood flow and cerebral autoregulation that happens during critical procedural epochs, correlating with neuroimaging and clinical outcome.
PURPOSE: To obtain the subject humectant containing, 0.01-5wt.% of caffeine and/or anhydrous caffeine as active ingredient(s), having excellent humectant effect and functional characteristic with no stickness, and having high versatility with no limitations of preparations compatible therewith. CONSTITUTION: This humectant contains, as active ingredient(s), 0.01-5wt.% of caffeine and/or anhydrous caffeine. Using this humectant, the following various forms of cosmetics can be prepared; namely: face lotion, cream, milky lotion, foundation, pack, bathing agent, hair tonic, hair grooming agent, hair grower, cologne, face wash, body shampoo, shampoo, rinse, etc. Combination of the humectant with conventional one is synergistically effective or further effective. The caffeine as a kind of alkaloid, is found in tea leaves, fruits of coffee, cacao and cola, etc., and can be obtained by extraction from e.g. tea leaf tailings with e.g. ethanol, or by synthesis using urea as raw material. The anhydrous caffeine can be obtained by heating hydrous caffeine to 80 deg.C.
BACKGROUND: Most gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) harbor c-KIT or PDGFRA mutations. Administration of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has significantly improved the survival of patients with GISTs. We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcome of advanced or recurrent GIST patients in Taiwan.
METHODS: Patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2020 were enrolled. The collected data included baseline characteristics, treatment pattern, treatment outcome, genetic aberrations and survival status. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed and plotted with the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the prognostic factors of survival.
RESULTS: A total of 224 patients with advanced or recurrent GISTs treated with TKIs were enrolled. All patients received imatinib treatment. Ninety-three and 42 patients received sunitinib and regorafenib treatment, respectively. The 48-month PFS and OS rates for patients treated with imatinib were 50.5% and 79.5%, respectively. c-KIT exon 9 and PDGFRA mutations were prognostic factors for a poor PFS and PDGFRA mutation was a prognostic factor for a poor OS in patients treated with imatinib in multivariate Cox regression analysis. The median PFS of patients who received sunitinib treatment was 12.76 months (95% confidence interval (CI), 11.01-14.52). Patients with c-KIT exon 9 mutations had a longer PFS than those with other genetic aberrations. The median PFS of patients treated with regorafenib was 7.14 months (95% CI, 3.39-10.89).
CONCLUSIONS: We present real-world clinical outcomes for advanced GIST patients treated with TKIs and identify mutational status as an independent prognostic factor for patient survival.
Novel glucocorticoid and thyroid receptor ligands as provided which have the general formula (I):in which R1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon, an aromatic hydrocarbon, carboxylic acid or ester thereof, alkenyl carboxylic acid or ester thereof, hydroxy, halogen, or cyano, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. R2 and R3 are the same or different, and are hydrogen, halogen, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbons, or cycloalkyl of 3 to 5 carbons, at least one of R2 and R3 being other than hydrogen. X is carbonyl or methylene. R4 is an aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic. Y is hydroxyl, methoxy, amino, or alkyl amino. n is an integer from 0 to 4. A method for treating diseases associated with metabolism dysfunction or which are dependent on the expression of a glucocorticoid or thyroid receptor gene such as diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, or obesity using these compounds is also disclosed.
BACKGROUND: Since 1990, childhood overweight and obesity have been rising on every continent and have almost doubled worldwide. The deleterious consequences include hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia leading to metabolic syndrome in childhood and myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer and other disabling conditions in adulthood.
PURPOSE: In Southern Europe, including Greece, Italy, and Spain, 10 to 15% of children are obese. Obesity in Eastern European countries is somewhat lower, but the rates of rise are very steep and will approach those in Southern Europe during the next few years. Worldwide, Asia accounts for nearly half of all overweight children under the age of 5, while Africa is home to one quarter of overweight children under 5. In Latin America, about 20% of children under 20 are overweight. Further, children living in poverty can suffer simultaneous overweight and obesity as well as malnutrition. In the US, the risk of being overweight in adolescence is several times higher when a younger child has a body mass index (BMI) in the 50th or greater percentile.
FINDINGS: If the clinical, non-clinical and public health communities ignore these challenges, such inaction will surely portend an unprecedented future pandemic of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents leading to future premature morbidity and mortality. All clinical, non-clinical and public health professionals should exert concerted efforts concerning their individual patients, their families, communities, and policymakers.
CONCLUSIONS: Such coordinated interdisciplinary efforts may curb these alarming trends and secure healthier futures for children and their families throughout the world.