anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Dyslexia, a specific difficulty in acquiring proficient reading, is also characterized by reduced short-term memory (STM) capacity. Extensive research indicates that individuals with developmental dyslexia (IDDs) benefit less from exposure, and this hampers their long-term knowledge accumulation. It is well established that long-term knowledge has a great effect on performance in STM tasks, and thus IDDs' reduced benefit of exposure could potentially reduce their relative performance in such tasks, especially when frequent items, such as digit-words, are used. In this study we used a standard, widely used, STM assessment: the Digit Span subtest from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. The task was conducted twice: in native language and in second language. As exposure to native language is greater than exposure to second language, we predicted that IDDs' performance in the task administered in native language will reveal a larger group difference as compared to second language, due to IDDs' reduced benefit of item frequency. The prediction was confirmed, in line with the hypothesis that reduced STM in dyslexia to a large extent reflects reduced benefits from long-term item frequency and not a reduced STM per se.
The invention discloses an anti-fatigue Miaoliyuan capsule and a preparation method thereof. The Miaoliyuan capsule comprises the following components of, by weight, 50 parts of Paecilomyces hepiali powder, 37.5 parts of American ginseng and 12.5 parts of microcrystalline cellulose. The Miaoliyuan capsule is a capsule for reliving fatigue assisted by a health care product. The Miaoliyuan capsule is expected to reach the function of reliving physical fatigue. The Miaoliyuan capsule is prepared by using Paecilomyces hepiali powder, the American ginseng and the microcrystalline cellulose as main raw materials and by a scientific and reasonable production process. The product has definite function, controllable quality and taking safety. The Miaoliyuan capsule provided by the invention is simple in preparation method, and can be completedly prepared by a routine apparatus.
PURPOSE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airflow limitation and breathing difficulty, is usually caused by prolonged inhalation of toxic substances or long-term smoking habits. Some abnormal features of COPD can be observed using medical imaging methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). This study aimed to conduct a multi-modal analysis of COPD, focusing on assessing respiratory diaphragm motion using MRI series in conjunction with low attenuation volume (LAV) data derived from CT images.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: This study utilized MRI series from 10 normal subjects and 24 COPD patients, along with thoracic CT images from the same patients. Diaphragm profiles in the sagittal thoracic MRI series were extracted using field segmentation, and diaphragm motion trajectories were generated from estimated diaphragm displacements via registration. Re-sliced sagittal CT images were used to calculate regional LAVs for four distinct lung regions. The similarities among diaphragm motion trajectories at various positions were assessed, and their correlations with regional LAVs were analyzed.
RESULTS: Compared with the normal subjects, patients with COPD typically exhibited fewer similarities in diaphragm motion, as indicated by the mean normalized correlation coefficient of the vertical motion component (0.96 for normal subjects vs. 0.76 for severity COPD patients). This reduction was significantly correlated with the LAV% in the two lower lung regions with a regression coefficient of 0.81.
CONCLUSION: Our proposed evaluation method may assist in the diagnosis and therapy planning for patients with COPD.
BACKGROUND: The aim of our study is to evaluate the postoperative complications after the extraction of impacted third molar teeth and to investigate the effects of these complications on the quality of life of patients.
METHODS: Demographic, clinical, and radiological evaluations were conducted, covering factors like age, gender, and tooth position. Clinical measurements, pain and edema assessments, and quality of life evaluations through OHIP-14 scores were performed. Preoperative and postoperative mouth opening, trismus, alveolitis and dehiscence were evaluated.
RESULTS: A total of 100 patients were included in our study. No significant gender-based differences were found in measurements, pain, or swelling. There was no statistically significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative results of difference A-C, difference B-E, difference A-D, and difference mouth opening. Procedure duration correlated positively with age, alveolar osteitis, trismus, and swelling. Postoperative quality of life, assessed by OHIP-14, demonstrated a negative correlation with age and trismus. It was observed that the gender and the tooth positions of the patients had no effect on the severity of postoperative pain and edema.
CONCLUSIONS: As the age of the patients increases and the duration of the procedure increases, the rate of postoperative complications increases and it is concluded that the quality of life decreases significantly.
INTRODUCTION: Limiting acute esophagitis remains a clinical challenge during the treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
METHODS: Demographic, dosimetric, and acute toxicity data were prospectively collected for patients undergoing definitive radiation therapy +/- chemotherapy for stage II-III NSCLC from 2012 to 2022 across a statewide consortium. Logistic regression models were used to characterize the risk of grade 2 + and 3 + esophagitis as a function of dosimetric and clinical covariates. Multivariate regression models were fitted to predict the 50 % risk of grade 2 esophagitis and 3 % risk of grade 3 esophagitis.
RESULTS: Of 1760 patients, 84.2 % had stage III disease and 85.3 % received concurrent chemotherapy. 79.2 % of patients had an ECOG performance status ≤ 1. Overall rates of acute grade 2 + and 3 + esophagitis were 48.4 % and 2.2 %, respectively. On multivariate analyses, performance status, mean esophageal dose (MED) and minimum dose to the 2 cc of esophagus receiving the highest dose (D2cc) were significantly associated with grade 2 + and 3 + esophagitis. Concurrent chemotherapy was associated with grade 2 + but not grade 3 + esophagitis. For all patients, MED of 29 Gy and D2cc of 61 Gy corresponded to a 3 % risk of acute grade 3 + esophagitis. For patients receiving chemotherapy, MED of 22 Gy and D2cc of 50 Gy corresponded to a 50 % risk of acute grade 2 + esophagitis.
CONCLUSIONS: Performance status, concurrent chemotherapy, MED and D2cc are associated with acute esophagitis during definitive treatment of NSCLC. Models that quantitatively account for these factors can be useful in individualizing radiation plans.
Low dose radiation, including conversion electron energy induces apoptosis in peripheral macrophages and CNS microglia. The transport of Sn-117m, a conversion electron emitter has been shown to be deliverable into the CNS across the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a multi-ligand receptor member of the immunoglobulin super family which is able to bind A13 peptide and 13-sheet fibrils. It is expressed in endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, microglia and neurons, and is implicated in the transport of A13 through the BBB, oxidative stress-mediated neurotoxicity, and adverse microglia inflammatory responses. The interaction between RAGE and its ligands is thought to result in pro-inflammatory gene activation. Enhanced levels of RAGE ligands in Alzheimer's disease are thought to contribute to the cause of this disorder. Embodiments of the invention use the RAGE multi-ligand site as an anchoring loci for a conversion electron emitting compound rather than as a receptor to intrinsically activate or block inflammation through the RAGE intracellular cascade through activation of the RAGE cytoplasmic tail (ctRAGE) and mammalian diaphanous 1 (DIAPH1).
Skeletal muscle rigidity can be caused by Remifentanil Hydrochloride for injection and is related to the dose and speed of administration. Remifentanil Hydrochloride for injection may cause chest wall rigidity (inability to ventilate) after single doses of > 1 mcg/kg administered over 30 to 60 seconds, or after infusion rates > 0.1 mcg/kg/min. Single doses < 1 mcg/kg may cause chest wall rigidity when given concurrently with a continuous infusion of Remifentanil Hydrochloride for injection.

Muscle rigidity induced by Remifentanil Hydrochloride for injection should be managed in the context of the patient's clinical condition. Muscle rigidity occurring during the induction of anesthesia should be treated by the administration of a neuromuscular blocking agent and the concurrent induction medications and can be treated by decreasing the rate or discontinuing the infusion of Remifentanil Hydrochloride for injection or by administering a neuromuscular blocking agent. The neuromuscular blocking agents used should be compatible with the patient's cardiovascular status.

Muscle rigidity seen during the use of Remifentanil Hydrochloride for injection in spontaneously breathing patients may be treated by stopping or decreasing the rate of administration of Remifentanil Hydrochloride for injection. Resolution of muscle rigidity after discontinuing the infusion of Remifentanil Hydrochloride for injection occurs within minutes. In the case of life-threatening muscle rigidity, a rapid onset neuromuscular blocker or naloxone may be administered.
BACKGROUND: The concept of "total pain" plays an important role in palliative care; it means that pain is not solely experienced on a physical level, but also within a psychological, social and spiritual dimension. Understanding what spirituality entails, however, is a challenge for health care professionals, as is screening for the spiritual needs of patients.
OBJECTIVE: This is a novel, interprofessional approach in teaching undergraduate medical students about spiritual care in the format of a seminar. The aim of this study is to assess if an increase in knowledge about spiritual care in the clinical context is achievable with this format.
METHODS: In a mandatory seminar within the palliative care curriculum at our university, both a physician and a hospital chaplain teach strategies in symptom control from different perspectives (somatic domain - spiritual domain). For evaluation purposes of the content taught on the spiritual domain, we conducted a questionnaire consisting of two parts: specific outcome evaluation making use of the comparative self-assessment (CSA) gain and overall perception of the seminar using Likert scale.
RESULTS: In total, 52 students participated. Regarding specific outcome evaluation, the greatest gain was achieved in the ability to define total pain (84.8%) and in realizing its relevance in clinical settings (77.4%). The lowest, but still fairly high improvement was achieved in the ability to identify patients who might benefit from spiritual counselling (60.9%). The learning benefits were all significant as confirmed by confidence intervals. Overall, students were satisfied with the structure of the seminar. The content was delivered clearly and comprehensibly reaching a mean score of 4.3 on Likert scale (4 = agree). The content was perceived as overall relevant to the later work in medicine (mean 4.3). Most students do not opt for a seminar solely revolving around spiritual care (mean 2.6).
CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that implementing spiritual care education following an interprofessional approach into existing medical curricula, e.g. palliative medicine, is feasible and well perceived among medical students. Students do not wish for a seminar which solely revolves around spiritual care but prefer a close link to clinical practice and strategies.
Older adults often present with multiple comorbidities and face significant postoperative complications. This study aimed to describe the role of Nurse Practitioner (NP)-led orthogeriatric services in managing hip fracture patients. We conducted a review of health records of older adults with hip and proximal femoral fractures between July 2017 and June 2018, presenting descriptive statistics on patient characteristics, surgical outcomes, and the involvement of orthogeriatric services. A total of 197 participants were included, with a majority being female (n = 132; 67.0%). Most patients (53.8%; n = 106) had between five and nine pre-existing conditions. Among the 192 patients who underwent surgery, 69.8% (n = 134) experienced up to four surgical complications. The Nurse Practitioner provided care to 89.1% (n = 163) of the patients within the orthogeriatric service, with half of the patients (n = 82) requiring at least five NP interventions to manage complex pre- and postoperative needs. Refining the NP-led model could potentially help reduce the burden on physicians and surgeons in treating complex medical conditions, especially in settings where geriatricians may not be readily available.
A significant issue in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) for medical applications is brain tumor classification. Radiologists could reliably detect tumors using machine learning algorithms without extensive surgery. However, a few important challenges arise, such as (i) the selection of the most important deep learning architecture for classification (ii) an expert in the field who can assess the output of deep learning models. These difficulties motivate us to propose an efficient and accurate system based on deep learning and evolutionary optimization for the classification of four types of brain modalities (t1 tumor, t1ce tumor, t2 tumor, and flair tumor) on a large-scale MRI database. Thus, a CNN architecture is modified based on domain knowledge and connected with an evolutionary optimization algorithm to select hyperparameters. In parallel, a Stack Encoder-Decoder network is designed with ten convolutional layers. The features of both models are extracted and optimized using an improved version of Grey Wolf with updated criteria of the Jaya algorithm. The improved version speeds up the learning process and improves the accuracy. Finally, the selected features are fused using a novel parallel pooling approach that is classified using machine learning and neural networks. Two datasets, BraTS2020 and BraTS2021, have been employed for the experimental tasks and obtained an improved average accuracy of 98% and a maximum single-classifier accuracy of 99%. Comparison is also conducted with several classifiers, techniques, and neural nets; the proposed method achieved improved performance.
Drug delivery devices that are orally administered, and that release active ingredients in the colon, are disclosed. In one embodiment, the active ingredients are those that inactivate antibiotics, such as macrolides, quinolones and beta-lactam containing antibiotics. One example of a suitable active agent is an enzyme such as beta-lactamases. In another embodiment, the active agents are those that specifically treat colonic disorders, such as Chrohn's Disease, irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis, colorectal cancer or constipation. The drug delivery devices are in the form of beads of pectin, crosslinked with calcium and reticulated with polyethyleneimine. The high crosslink density of the polyethyleneimine is believed to stabilize the pectin beads for a sufficient amount of time such that a substantial amount of the active ingredients can be administered directly to the colon.  Advantageously, the amount of polyethyleneimine is sufficient to allow a substantial portion of the pectin beads to pass through the gastrointestinal tract to the colon without releasing the active agent, and is also sufficient such that the pectin beads are sufficiently degraded in the colon to release an effective amount of the active agent.
Significant lethality was observed in mice and rats after oral administration of 1000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg, respectively, about 44 and 170 times the maximum recommended human dose on a mg/m2 basis.

Limited data are available in regard to overdosage in humans. The most likely manifestation of overdosage would be hypotension and tachycardia; bradycardia could occur from parasympathetic (vagal) stimulation. If symptomatic hypotension should occur, supportive treatment should be instituted.

Neither losartan nor its active metabolite can be removed by hemodialysis.

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Cirrhosis is a prevalent, chronic condition with an asymptomatic compensated phase, in which patients may feel well, and a decompensated phase that begins with the onset of complications (eg hepatic encephalopathy, ascites, and/or variceal bleeding). Because patients with cirrhosis may appear healthy with normal liver enzymes, alkaline phosphatase, and serum bilirubin levels, awareness of clinical signals is important. For example, patients with thrombocytopenia should be evaluated for chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Early recognition and management of cirrhosis-related complications (eg hepatic encephalopathy, ascites, and/or variceal bleeding) are important, given their association with hospitalization and poor prognosis (eg increased odds of short-term mortality). Hepatic encephalopathy can be the most subtle cirrhosis-related complication and associated cognitive impairment may be misdiagnosed. Because hepatic encephalopathy can be associated with hospital readmissions, reducing readmission rates after hepatic encephalopathy-related hospitalizations is critical. This includes incorporating ongoing therapy (eg rifaximin plus lactulose) in postdischarge management plans to reduce the risk of hepatic encephalopathy recurrence. Strategies that mitigate cirrhosis progression and prevent the development of cirrhosis-related complications are key to improving patient outcomes.
The invention relates to a biologic polypeptide medicine blood vessel support and a preparation method thereof. The biologic polypeptide medicine blood vessel support comprises a support body and active medicines. The support body which is medical material with pores and good biocompatibility is made from stainless steel, cobalt-base alloy, titanium alloy, nickel-titanium alloy or polylactic acid biopolymer; the active medicines comprise a biologic polypeptide medicine and a smooth muscle cell proliferation inhibition medicine. The support is characterized in that: the support body with the pores has the biologic polypeptide medicine fixed on the internal surface of the body and the smooth muscle cell proliferation inhibition medicine coated on the external surface of the body. The preparation me(3) carrying out the after-treatment of the surface of the support body; (4) preparing the medicines; (5) coating the external surface; (6) fixing the medicine onto the internal surface; (7) carrying out the process step of low temperature drying. The support can selectively absorb endothelium progenitor cells which quickly differentiate into endothelium cells to promote the restoration of the endothelium after the support is built in; the support can also effectively inhibit the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells, persistently and effectively reduce the formation of a new inner membrane, effectively prevent restenosis inside the support, and avoid the risk of potentially fatal late thrombosis.
The invention relates to a surface defect engineering nano-sheet based on an alternating heterogeneous layer structure Bi  2 O 2 SiO 3 , and a preparation method and application thereof. The nano sheet is a heterogeneous layered structure composed of alternating BiO  2  and SiO  3  layers, and O defects and Bi simple substances exist on the surface of the heterogeneous layered structure. The surface defect engineering nano sheet consists of a plurality of single nano sheets, wherein the single nano sheets are BiO  2  nano sheets and SiO  3  nano sheets, the diameter of the single nano sheets is 140-240nm, the single nano sheets are spread on the inner surface of the layer, and the single nano sheets are stacked between layers to finally form a multi-layer layered structure consisting of BiO  2  nano sheets and SiO  3  nano sheets. Has ultrasonic response characteristics and can be used as an acoustic sensitizer; meanwhile, the enzyme-like enzyme has the enzyme-like properties of peroxidase, catalase and the like, and can consume the endogenous hydrogen peroxide of tumors to catalyze and generate oxygen and hydroxyl free radicals. The generated oxygen can relieve tumor hypoxia and enhance the acoustic power treatment effect. Has more excellent active oxygen generating capacity than Bi  2 O 2 SiO 3  under ultrasound, and can be used as a novel sound sensitizer/nano-enzyme for tumor treatment.
LENVIMA impairs exogenous thyroid suppression. In SELECT (DTC), 88% of all patients had a baseline thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level ≤0.5 mU/L. In those patients with a normal TSH at baseline, elevation of TSH level >0.5 mU/L was observed post baseline in 57% of LENVIMA-treated patients.

Grade 1 or 2 hypothyroidism occurred in 24% of patients receiving LENVIMA with everolimus in Study 205 (RCC) and in 21% of patients receiving LENVIMA in REFLECT (HCC). In those patients with a normal or low TSH at baseline, an elevation of TSH was observed post baseline in 70% of patients receiving LENVIMA in REFLECT and 60% of patients receiving LENVIMA with everolimus in Study 205 [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. 

Monitor thyroid function prior to initiating LENVIMA and at least monthly during treatment. Treat hypothyroidism according to standard medical practice.
The study sample includes patients referred for three different types of cardiac arrhythmias, which will be the studied categories: 1) atrial flutter/fibrillation, 2) atrial tachycardia, 3) ventricular tachycardia. Patients will undergo standard of care mapping and ablation procedures.
The most important treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer is based on anti-HER2 targeted therapy, combined with chemotherapy or endocrine therapy. China's original new anti-HER2 targeted therapy drug, pyrotinib, has obtained rapid approval from the country for its outstanding phase II clinical trial efficacy. In patients enrolled in the phase II trial, pyrotinib has a significant effect, but the combination of pyrotinib and capecitabine significantly increases the adverse reactions of diarrhea. For this reason, there is a lack of research on other combination schemes of pyrotinib in HER2 advanced breast cancer. In the first-line treatment, the combination therapy (HN) of trastuzumab and vinorelbine has shown that it also has a synergistic effect with vinorelbine in anti-HER2 targeted therapy. It provides a good evidence-based basis for the trial design of pyrotinib combined with vinorelbine soft capsules. This phase II clinical study is specially designed for preliminary exploration.
While many approaches to reducing relapse after hospital care have been tried, there is little information about which treatment elements confer benefit. This trial, Relapse Prevention and Changing Habits (REACH+), targets the habitual control of maladaptive behavior to support patients with AN in the 6 months after acute treatment, a time of high vulnerability to relapse. Each component of REACH+ addresses a question that is critical to answer in order to identify and optimize a relapse prevention treatment package that balances efficacy and burden. We will test the acceptability and feasibility of 5 components that together target habits: 1) Behavioral, 2) Cognitive, 3)Motivation, 4) Food Monitoring, and 5) Skill Consolidation. In the Preparation Phase, 10 participants were enrolled, and accessibility and feasibility of the treatment package was examined. The current Optimization Phase includes a finalized treatment manual (including an online platform) and will test each component's contribution to weight maintenance after acute treatment.