anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
In chronic liver injury, quiescent hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) transdifferentiate into activated myofibroblast-like cells and produce large amounts of extracellular matrix components, e.g. collagen type 1. Cellular senescence is characterized by irreversible cell-cycle arrest, arrested cell proliferation and the acquisition of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and reversal of HSCs activation. Previous studies reported that H2S prevents induction of senescence via its antioxidant activity. We hypothesized that inhibition of endogenous H2S production induces cellular senescence and reduces activation of HSCs. Rat HSCs were isolated and culture-activated for 7 days. After activation, HSCs treated with H2S slow-releasing donor GYY4137 and/or DL-propargylglycine (DL-PAG), an inhibitor of the H2S-producing enzyme cystathionine γ-lyase (CTH), as well as the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. In our result, CTH expression was significantly increased in fully activated HSCs compared to quiescent HSCs and was also observed in activated stellate cells in a in vivo model of cirrhosis. Inhibition of CTH reduced proliferation and expression of fibrotic markers Col1a1 and Acta2 in HSCs. Concomitantly, DL-PAG increased the cell-cycle arrest markers Cdkn1a (p21), p53 and the SASP marker Il6. Additionally, the number of β-galactosidase positive senescent HSCs was increased. GYY4137 partially restored the proliferation of senescent HSCs and attenuated the DL-PAG-induced senescent phenotype. Inhibition of PI3K partially reversed the senescence phenotype of HSCs induced by DL-PAG. Inhibition of endogenous H2S production reduces HSCs activation via induction of cellular senescence in a PI3K-Akt dependent manner. Our results show that cell-specific inhibition of H2S could be a novel target for anti-fibrotic therapy via induced cell senescence.
The procedure with the highest rate of opioid prescription in plastic surgery is abdominoplasty. Additionally, plastic surgery patients are at a particularly elevated risk of becoming opioid-dependent. The main objective of this study was to perform a systematic review and create an algorithm for a multimodal pain regimen specific to patients undergoing abdominoplasty. A systematic search of the research literature was performed to summarize the prevailing understanding of multimodal pain control in the management of abdominoplasty. The initial search yielded 448 articles. Sixty-eight manuscripts were identified for full-text review. The effectiveness of current strategies was evaluated by way of pain scores, opioid usage, and length of stay, as well as other measures of physical function such as time to early mobilization. In 32 studies involving 2451 patients, the efficacy of different pain regimens during abdominoplasty was evaluated. Among nontraditional, opioid-sparing analgesia, efficacy of treatment interventions for improved pain and decreased opioid usage was found inall studies. Among local infusion studies, efficacy of treatment interventions for improved pain and decreased opioid usage was found in 78% of studies. Last, among regional block studies, efficacy of treatment interventions for improved pain was found in 87%, with 73% efficacy for decreased opioid usage. Multimodal pain regimens in abdominoplasty have the potential to play an important role in opioid-sparing practices in medicine by incorporating nonopioid pain adjuvants such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and transversus abdominis plane blocks in the preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative periods.
Health disparities are high among Latinas. They are more likely to be overweight, diagnosed with diabetes, and physically inactive compared to their non-Hispanic White counterparts. Thus, interventions that target improving health access and ameliorating chronic diseases among Latinas are of high public health importance. Regular physical activity (PA) promotes physical and emotional well-being, yet PA interventions tailored for Latinas remain limited. Available data suggest that community-focused interventions produce improvements in physical activity (PA) and are well-received by Latinas especially when social and physical environments are considered (e.g., social support, safe walking areas, etc.). Research suggests that Latinos respond favorably to technological-based health interventions. Almost 90% of Latinos own a cellphone; 60% own a smartphone. Thus, health promotion interventions that can address Latinos' preferences regarding their physical and social environments while utilizing a preferred technology source (e.g., smartphone) could prove highly successful. One smartphone feature that offers great potential health promotion benefit is location-based services (LBS). LBS use geographic positioning to help users connect to their surrounding environment and to other users, thus providing them with real-time, user-specific information. This proposed project, ¡Caminamos!, will develop a smartphone app for use with 18-45 year old Latinas that uses LBS to connect women within geographically proximal neighborhoods as a way to provide social support for increased walking behaviors. Specific aims are: (1) gather input and evaluative feedback from an Expert Advisory Board (EAB) to help plan and assess the feasibility of creating the app; (2) build connections and gather input from Latino community leaders to assist in the conceptual development of the app through a Community Advisory Board (CAB); (3) conduct an online survey of a national sample of Latinas on their smartphone usage for health promotion, and interest in social networking and LBS technology features; (4) conduct iterative focus groups with Latinas age 18-45 years to guide development of app content, design, and aesthetics to fully develop a functioning prototype; and (5) conduct usability testing with Latinas to test the app's accuracy to establish users' location and connect users through the ¡Caminamos! system and users' use and satisfaction with the app. Few app-based health products are branded towards Latinas. ¡Caminamos! will address this unmet need in the marketplace. It will be the first smartphone app that uses location-based social networking to promote PA, and the only app of its kind targeted to Latinas. It will also expand upon what is known to be successful in Latino exercise engagement while simultaneously addressing key barriers to exercise. Phase I outcomes will provide the necessary framework and data for developing a full-scale app to be tested in a randomized clinical trial. In Phase III, we plan to market ¡Caminamos! directly to consumers in partnership with a company interested in expanding their brand outreach to a Latina population.
Participants in this arm will receive standard post-discharge care as currently practiced in the Acute Admission Unit (AAU). This may include follow-up calls or appointments with healthcare providers to monitor symptoms and progression after discharge, but participants will not use the medidux™ app for symptom tracking or monitoring. Follow-up assessments will be conducted at day 7 and day 28 post-discharge to evaluate symptom progression and healthcare utilization.
All patients will be treated with 1 injection of CD19-UCART. Three escalating dose-levels (1.0-2.0x10\^6/kgBW, 2.5-5.0x10\^6/kgBW, 5.5-10.0x10\^6/kgBW) of CD19-UCART will be evaluated using a 3+3 design. Each CD19-UCART injection will be administered at Day 0.
The control-group sample will be stored and analyzed when the child is 12 months old. Those with elevated tHcy will contribute to the control group.
Participants received MK-8457 100 mg twice daily (BID) for 10 days followed by Placebo for 10 days. Each treatment was separated by a 10-day washout.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal disease for which therapeutic options are limited, with an unmet need to identify new therapeutic targets. IPF is thought to be the consequence of repeated microlesions of the alveolar epithelium, leading to aberrant epithelial-mesenchymal communication and the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins. The reactivation of developmental pathways, such as Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGFs), is a well-described mechanism during lung fibrogenesis. Secreted FGFs with local paracrine effects can either exert an anti-fibrotic or a pro-fibrotic action during this pathological process through their FGF receptors (FGFRs) and heparan sulfate residues as co-receptors. Among FGFs, endocrine FGFs (FGF29, FGF21, and FGF23) play a central role in the control of metabolism and tissue homeostasis. They are characterized by a low affinity for heparan sulfate, present in the cell vicinity, allowing them to have endocrine activity. Nevertheless, their interaction with FGFRs requires the presence of mandatory co-receptors, alpha and beta Klotho proteins (KLA and KLB). Endocrine FGFs are of growing interest for their anti-fibrotic action during liver, kidney, or myocardial fibrosis. Innovative therapies based on FGF19 or FGF21 analogs are currently being studied in humans during liver fibrosis. Recent data report a similar anti-fibrotic action of endocrine FGFs in the lung, suggesting a systemic regulation of the pulmonary fibrotic process. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the protective effect of endocrine FGFs during the fibrotic processes, with a focus on pulmonary fibrosis.
BACKGROUND: To determine whether genetic risk factors for major depression (MD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) interact with a potent stressor - death of spouse, parent, and sibling - in predicting episodes of, respectively, MD and AUD.
METHODS: MD and AUD registrations were assessed from national Swedish registries. In individuals born in Sweden 1960-1970, we identified 7586, 388 459, and 34 370 with the loss of, respectively, a spouse, parent, and sibling. We started following subjects at age 18 or the year 2002 with end of follow-up in 2018. We examined time to event - a registration for MD within 6 months or AUD within a year - on an additive scale, using the Nelson-Aalen estimator. Genetic risk was assessed by the Family Genetic Risk Score (FGRS).
RESULTS: In separate models controlling for the main effects of death of spouse, parent, and sibling, FGRS, and sex, significant interactions were seen in all analyses between genetic risk for MD and death of relative in prediction of subsequent MD registration. A similar pattern of results, albeit with weaker interaction effects, was seen for genetic risk for AUD and risk for AUD registration. Genetic risk for bipolar disorder (BD) and anxiety disorders (AD) also interacted with event exposure in predicting MD.
CONCLUSIONS: Genetic risk for both MD and AUD act in part by increasing the sensitivity of individuals to the pathogenic effects of environmental stressors. For prediction of MD, similar effects are also seen for genetic risk for AD and BD.
Systems and methods of detecting occlusions and fluid-loss conditions (e.g., disconnects and/or leakages) in an infusion pump are discussed. For example, electrokinetic infusion pumps may develop an occlusion in the fluid flow path, which can disrupt control of fluid dispersed from the pump. As well, an infusion set disconnect can also result in a fluid-loss that can be disruptive. Such disruptions can be troublesome to systems that control the infusion pump, such as closed loop controllers. Accordingly, systems and methods described herein can be used to detect such occlusions and fluid-loss conditions during infusion pump operation. For example, a position sensor can be used to monitor fluid flow from the infusion pump, with the measurement being compared with an expected value to detect an occlusion or fluid-loss condition. Other algorithms for utilizing the position sensor are also described.
Preterm VLBW infants often have negligible intrauterine reserves of nutrition along with a host of medical conditions postbirth including respiratory distress syndrome, hypoxia, hypotension, acidosis, infection and surgery. These conditions increase the metabolic energy requirements and nutrient needs of preterm babies. They require more specialised nutrition because of their faster growth rates; to correct the growth faltering post birth and to attain appropriate weight gain. Delayed postnatal growth due to inappropriate nutrition in early period leads to long term cognitive impairment and decreased school performance. Additional impediments to growth are high degree of biochemical and physiological immaturity of gastro intestinal tract with an immature immune system.

In current clinical practice, the introduction of progressive enteral feeds for preterm VLBW infants is often preceded by a period of enteral fasting or minimal enteral nutrition to decrease the incidence of NEC. However, there may also be potential disadvantages associated with delayed introduction of progressive enteral feeds. Gastrointestinal hormone secretion and motility is stimulated by enteral milk and hence delayed enteral feeding could diminish the functional adaptation of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, 'starving' the gut may be harmful increasing susceptibility to infection due to impaired barrier function by intestinal epithelium. Parenteral nutrition (PN), though having an important role in early stabilization by allowing early calorie intake and preventing catabolism, is associated with significant risks of infectious and metabolic complications thereby increasing mortality and morbidity, prolonging hospital stay, and adversely affecting growth and development. As per recent literature reviews, enteral feeding has many advantages including appropriate intake of most nutrients. It also promotes growth and development of the gut and reduces the risk of infection. It is therefore important to establish enteral feeding as early as is safely possible. It has been argued that the risk of NEC should not be considered in isolation of these other potential clinical outcomes when determining feeding policies and practices for VLBW infants. A systematically conducted, randomized controlled trial is necessary to prove or refute the benefits of early total enteral feeding and nutrition. Hence the purpose of this prospective randomized controlled trial is to compare the benefits of early total enteral feeding over conventional enteral feeding in terms of attainment of full feeds, incidence of sepsis \& NEC and duration of hospital stay.
PCT No. PCT/GB95/02706 Sec. 371 Date May 16, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date May 16, 1997 PCT Filed Nov. 17, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/15811 PCT Pub. Date May 30, 1996Composition comprising DNA associated with a polycation moiety wherein the polycation moiety is itself coupled to an integrin receptor binding moiety is disclosed. Preferably, the integrin receptor binding moiety is a peptide, and the compositions can be used to deliver DNA to a cell where it will be expressed, for example, to treat a condition by gene therapy. In a preferred embodiment, the integrin receptor binding moiety comprises a peptide, in particular a cyclic peptide, comprising the sequence RGD. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the peptide comprises the sequence GGCRGDMFGC. Cyclic configuration in this sequence is imposed by virtue of the presence of two cysteine residues which can form a disulphide bond.
Patients undergo MRE scan over 25 minutes before surgery at the time of standard of care pre-operative MRI scan. On the day of surgery, the surgeon grades and records tumor consistency/stiffness during the operation and afterwards.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the descriptions of a meal taken by a management-required person and accurate analysis results about the descriptions of the meal almost in real time when he takes the meal, and to enable any management-required person inexperienced with information devices to easily input data.  <P>SOLUTION: A management-required person's terminal device 3 has an image pickup means 5 and an image data sending means 6 so that image data comprising pictures of the management-required person taking the meal can be sent to a management device 1. The management device 1 includes an image data receiving means 11, an image data display means 16 and a nutrient analysis means 17. The image data receiving means 11 can receive the image data sent from the management-required person's terminal device 3. Further, using the image data display means 16 and the nutrient analysis means 17, nutrient analysis can be conducted by referring to the images of meals taken by the management-required person.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
BACKGROUND: Hepatic fibrosis, a prevalent chronic liver condition, involves excessive extracellular matrix production associated with aberrant wound healing. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a pivotal role in liver fibrosis, activated by inflammatory factors such as sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). Despite S1P's involvement in fibrosis, its specific role and downstream pathway in HSCs remain controversial.
METHODS: In this study, we investigated the regulatory role of S1P/S1P receptor (S1PR) in Hippo-YAP activation in both LX-2 cell lines and primary HSCs. Real-time PCR, western blot, pharmacological inhibitors, siRNAs, and Rho activity assays were adopted to address the molecular mechanisms of S1P mediated YAP activation.
RESULTS: Serum and exogenous S1P significantly increased the expression of YAP target genes in HSCs. Pharmacologic inhibitors and siRNA-mediated knockdowns of S1P receptors showed S1P receptor 2 (S1PR2) as the primary mediator for S1P-induced CTGF expression in HSCs. Results using siRNA-mediated knockdown, Verteporfin, and Phospho-Tag immunoblots showed that S1P-S1PR2 signaling effectively suppressed the Hippo kinases cascade, thereby activating YAP. Furthermore, S1P increased RhoA activities in cells and ROCK inhibitors effectively blocked CTGF induction. Cytoskeletal-perturbing reagents were shown to greatly modulate CTGF induction, suggesting the important role of actin cytoskeleton in S1P-induced YAP activation. Exogeneous S1P treatment was enough to increase the expression of COL1A1 and α-SMA, that were blocked by YAP specific inhibitor.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that S1P/S1PR2-Src-RhoA-ROCK axis leads to Hippo-YAP activation, resulting in the up-regulation of CTGF, COL1A1 and α-SMA expression in HSCs. Therefore, S1PR2 may represent a potential therapeutic target for hepatic fibrosis.
Veterans who use powered mobility devices including those with high-level spinal cord injury (SCI), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS) often experience serious upper extremity impairments. Management and care of upper extremity impairments often involve a range of assistive solutions. However, product availability and technological advancement for manipulation assistance fall far behind those for mobility. Many of these individuals, despite their independent mobility, cannot reach for a glass of water, make a simple meal, and pick up a tooth brush. They still require assistance from a personal caregiver for essential activities of daily living (ADLs) involving reaching and object handling/manipulation. With the rapid advancement of robotics technology, assistive robotic manipulators (ARMs) emerge as a viable solution for assisting Veterans with upper extremity impairments to complete daily tasks involving reaching, object handling, and manipulation. ARMs are often equipped with many degrees of freedom (DOF), but users cannot control all of the DOFs at the same time with a conventional joystick, and need to switch modes quite often to complete even simple manipulation tasks, especially when an ARM gets close to the target and need to be aligned appropriately for manipulation. Thus existing ARMs suffer from the lack of efficiency and effectiveness especially in an unstructured environment. The goal of this project is to combine vision-guided shared (VGS) control with two types of environment modifications to address the effectiveness and efficiency of ARMs for real-world use. The two types of environment modifications include using commercial or custom adaptive tools (e.g., a holder that can hold a bottle or jar so an ARM can open it), and adding fiducial markers (similar to QR codes) to objects or adaptive tools to make vision-based tracking robust and reliable for real-world applications. Built upon the environment modifications, the VGS control will allow a user to initiate any task by moving an ARM close to a tagged object, and the ARM to take over fine manipulation upon detecting the target. This project is to evaluate the new control among 16 powered wheelchair users who will use a wheelchair-mounted ARM to complete a set of everyday manipulation tasks. Participants will complete a set of 10 manipulation tasks using the default control method and the new VGS control method. Researchers will collect outcome measures in terms of efficiency (i.e., task completion time and mode switching frequency), effectiveness (i.e., task completion success rate), and usability (i.e., NASA Task Load Index, and System Usability Scale). Investigators expect to improve manipulation functions of Veterans with upper limb impairments through a more practical and usable implementation of vision-based robotic control and human-robot interaction technologies.
Autologous (self) mononuclear cells derived from umbilical cord blood and that meet all release criteria are injected into the surface of the right heart muscle to achieve the target dose of 3 million cells per kilogram of body weight. This is a one time treatment at the time of Stage III Fontan surgery.
The obliquus capitis inferioris (OCI) muscle is a significant driver of cervical dystonia with torticaput movements and a no-no head tremor. Limited data are available on the efficacy of OCI injections on patient outcomes. Our study aims to determine whether the botulinum toxin injection into OCI improves subjective patient quality of life in those with dystonic head tremors. A retrospective chart review was performed for 25 patients receiving injections into the OCI for a dystonic head tremor at the London Movement Disorders Clinic between January 2020 and January 2022. Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Scale-2 (TWSTRS-2) subscale scores for disability and pain, TWSTRS-PSYCH scores, and the global impression of severity were extracted. The average TWSTRS-2 disability subscale change was -2.8 points (p < 0.003). The average TWSTRS-2 pain subscale change was -4.6 points (p < 0.003). The average TWSTRS-PSYCH score prior to injection was 5.6. After injection, the average score was 3.7 (p < 0.004). The patient self-reported average global impression of severity before injection was 7.0; after this, it was 4.2 (p < 0.0003). The OCI injection showed significant improvement in retrospective patient self-reported outcomes; it should be considered early in the treatment plan for cervical dystonia with a no-no head tremor.
The group had low salt diet (50mmol)for three weeks. Subjects had normal salt diet in their daily routine life for the following 2 weeks.According to crossover nature of the study, the group had normal salt diet at the last 3 weeks of the study.
A medication vending device is provided with at least three distinct vending modes. A first vending mode causes the device to output a prompt at the respective dose time. The prompt communicates to the patient that a dose of medication should be vended from the device by the patient and immediately consumed. A second vending mode causes the device to automatically vend a dose of medication at the respective dose time without requiring any action by the patient. A third vending mode causes the device to immediately vend a dose of medication without requiring any action by the patient. The third vending mode allows for selection of a daily dose time from the plurality of daily dose times, and selection of one or more future dates, so as to cause immediate vending of the medication doses for the selected daily dose time for the selected one or more future dates.