anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Design: Prospective, single-center, cohort, observational study. Methods: The patients with intestinal Behcet's disease who have detectable bowel wall abnormality on baseline ileocolonoscopic examination, CT or MRE, and ultrasound are enrolled before starting the medical treatment. Before and until 26 weeks after the treatment, Disease Activity Index for Intestinal Behcet's disease, intestinal ultrasound, ileocolonoscopic examination, MRE, serum C-reactive protein and fecal calprotectin examinations are done.

Purpose: To investigate the accuracies of intestinal ultrasound in identifying endoscopic and clinical remissions. Additionally, to investigate the accuracies of MRE in identifying endoscopic and clinical remissions and responses. Further assessment may include cross-sectional correlation analysis between the different examination results and regression analysis to assess whether baseline examination results can predict the long-term clinical outcomes.

Sample size: 55 patients. The primary outcome of this study, the diagnostic accuracy of intestinal ultrasound in identifying endoscopic remission, has not been previous studied or reported in patients with intestinal Behcet's disease. Therefore, the investigators adopted the prospective study results published in Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Open in 2020 which reported the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of intestinal ultrasound in diagnosing endoscopically active disease in Crohn disease (Sathananthan D et al. JGH Open. 2020;4(2):273-9). In that study, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 91%, 83%, 91%, and 83%, respectively, in 17 patients with Crohn's disease. In the data, the accuracy must have been either 82% (14/17) or 88% (15/17). Therefore, the investigators expect the accuracy in this study to be approximately 85%. Using confidence intervals for one proportion with Score (Wilson) formula, the sample size was calculated to achieve a 95% confidence interval width of 20% for the primary outcome. This calculation resulted in a sample size of 49. Considering an expected dropout rate of 10%, the investigators aim to include a total number of 55 patients.
Rheumatic and congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathies, and hypertensive heart disease are major causes of suffering and death in low- and lower middle-income countries (LLMICs), where the world's poorest billion people reside. Advanced cardiac care in these counties is still predominantly provided by specialists at urban tertiary centers, and is largely inaccessible to the rural poor. This situation is due to critical shortages in diagnostics, medications, and trained healthcare workers. The Package of Essential NCD Interventions - Plus (PEN-Plus) is an integrated care model for severe chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) that aims to decentralize services and increase access. PEN-Plus strategies are being initiated by a growing number of LLMICs. We describe how PEN-Plus addresses the need for advanced cardiac care and discuss how a global group of cardiac organizations are working through the PEN-Plus Cardiac expert group to promote a shared operational strategy for management of severe cardiac disease in high-poverty settings.
Phase 3, open-label, single-arm study of a single, one-time dose of onasemnogene abeparvovec-xioi (gene replacement therapy) in patients with spinal muscular atrophy who meet enrollment criteria and are genetically defined by bi-allelic deletion of survival motor neuron 1 gene (SMN1) with 2 or 3 copies of survival motor neuron 2 gene (SMN2). Patients with SMN1 point mutations or the SMN2 gene modifier mutation (c.859G\>C) may enroll but will not be included in the efficacy analysis sets.

The study includes a screening period, a gene replacement therapy period, and a follow-up period. During the screening period (Days -30 to -2), patients whose parent(s)/legal guardian(s) provide informed consent will undergo screening procedures to determine eligibility for study enrollment. Patients who meet the entry criteria will enter the in-patient gene replacement therapy period (Day -1 to Day 2). On Day -1, patients will be admitted to the hospital for pre-treatment baseline procedures. On Day 1, patients will receive a single, one-time intravenous (IV) infusion of onasemnogene abeparvovec-xioi, and will undergo in-patient safety monitoring for a minimum of 24 hours post infusion. Patients may be discharged 24 hours (48 hours in Japan) after the infusion, based on Investigator judgment. During the outpatient follow-up period (Days 3 to End of Study at 18 or 24 of age, dependent upon respective SMN2 copy number), patients will return at regularly scheduled intervals for efficacy and safety assessments until the End of Study when the patient reaches 18 months of age (SMN2 = 2) or 24 months of age (SMN2 = 3). After the End of Study visit, eligible patients will be invited to rollover into a long-term follow up study.
The progression of liver fibrosis is determined by the interaction of damaged hepatocytes, active hepatic stellate cells, and macrophages, contributing to the development of oxidative stress and inflammatory environments within the liver. Unfortunately, the current pharmacological treatment for liver fibrosis is limited by its inability to regulate inflammation and oxidative stress concurrently. In this study, we developed a cell membrane biomaterial for the treatment of liver fibrosis, which we designated as PM. PM is a biomimetic nanomaterial constructed by encapsulating polydopamine (PDA) with a macrophage membrane (MM). It is hypothesized that PM nanoparticles (NPs) can successfully target the site of inflammation, simultaneously inhibit inflammation, and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS). In vitro experiments demonstrated that PM NPs exhibited strong antioxidant properties and the ability to neutralize pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β). Moreover, the capacity of PM NPs to safeguard cells from oxidative stress and their anti-inflammatory efficacy in an inflammatory model were validated in subsequent cellular experiments. Additionally, PM NPs exhibited a high biocompatibility. In a mouse model of hepatic fibrosis, PM NPs were observed to aggregate efficiently in the fibrotic liver, displaying excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Notably, PM NPs exhibited superior targeting, anti-inflammatory, and ROS scavenging abilities in inflamed tissues compared to MM, PDA, or erythrocyte membrane-encapsulated PDA. Under the synergistic effect of anti-inflammation and antioxidant, PM NPs produced significant therapeutic effects on liver fibrosis in mice. In conclusion, the synergistic alleviation of inflammation and ROS scavenging by this specially designed nanomaterial, PM NPs, provides valuable insights for the treatment of liver fibrosis and other inflammatory- or oxidative stress-related diseases.
The integrity of the tympanic membrane is an important factor when deciding treatment and therapeutic recommendations for dogs with ear disease; however, otoscopic examination may be difficult to perform due to features of external ear canal disease or patient compliance. CT is useful for the evaluation of middle ear disease, including cases in which middle ear disease is detected incidentally. The tympanic membrane is detectable using CT, but anecdotally, apparent focal defects or discontinuities of the tympanic membrane are often seen in patients with and without ear disease. The purpose of this prospective, observer agreement study was to determine if perforations of the tympanic membrane are reliably detectable on CT. Fifteen cadaver dogs underwent CT and video otoscopy to verify the integrity of each tympanic membrane. Cadavers were randomly assigned to have the tympanic membranes left intact or to undergo a myringotomy on either the left, the right, or both sides. CT was performed immediately following the myringotomies. Four blinded evaluators evaluated the pre- and post-myringotomy scans for a total of 30 scans (60 tympanic membranes). Average accuracy was low (44%), and interobserver agreement for all four evaluators was fair. Although the tympanic membrane is visible on CT, perforations of the tympanic membrane are unlikely to be accurately detected or excluded. The appearance of an intact tympanic membrane or defect in the membrane on CT should not be used as criteria to guide clinical treatment recommendations based on this cadaver model.
This will be a pilot study involving only one group to assess the feasibility of an individually tailored program of yoga for the treatment of chronic neck and back pain. All study procedures will be completed in English and Spanish by study team members fluent in these languages, and using study materials printed in English and in Spanish. Potential participants will be recruited through flyers and referrals from providers at Wingra Family Medical Center. Interested potential participants will undergo screening in person or over the phone which will take approximately 15 minutes. If they are determined to be eligible, potential participants will meet with a member of the research team to receive information about the study and sign the consent form if they so choose. Consent will take approximately 15 minutes. Demographic information will be collected at the time consent is signed, this will take an additional 10 minutes. Following this, participants will have a 90 minute intake session with Adrienne Hampton, MD, RYT 200 \[RYT 200 is the designation for a Registered Yoga Teacher with 200 hours of training\] where the pain history will be elicited and the yoga program will be developed. Following this, participants will be encouraged to participate in the weekly drop-in practice sessions, where they will choose how much time they would like to spend asking questions, and receiving one on one practice instruction from Dr. Hampton. Participants will be encouraged to spend at least 45 minutes at the weekly practice session, which will include 10 minutes for completion of questionnaires. Participants will also be encouraged to practice their prescribed program of yoga at home, daily, for 20 minutes each day. The primary outcome measured will be attendance at yoga practice sessions. Additionally, indices of pain and quality of life will be assessed before, during, and after the study either in person or over the phone. Participants will also submit home yoga practice logs. All participants will be asked to complete a 30 minute exit interview in person at the end of the 12 week intervention period. The questionnaires are administered on paper, and participants will record their answers on paper. For the exit interview, the interviewer will read the questions to the participant, and then the interviewer will scribe on paper the participant's answers to the questions.Participants will be provided with bus passes to facilitate travel to study activities, and will be paid up to $50 for study participation.
Androgenetic alopecia, the most prevalent type of hair loss, is characterized by a receding hairline in men and diffuse thinning of hair in women. Despite being considered a benign condition, it can exert a considerable psychological toll, especially on women and young men. Despite its high prevalence, only a limited number of medications have received approval for its treatment. In this article, we review the available treatment options, assessing their efficacy and potential side effects. Additionally, we explore minimally-invasive strategies such as photobiomodulation, micro-needling and platelet-rich plasma therapy. Furthermore, we delve into discussions on hair transplantation and camouflage methods.
UNLABELLED: Hematological cancers, including Leukemias and Lymphomas, and their associated chemotherapy and disease-specific factors, are linked to impaired granulocyte function and numbers, increasing the risk of opportunistic infections, often presenting as fever. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is one of the significant opportunistic infections in these patients, but limited data exists on its seroprevalence and active infection burden among febrile hematological cancer patients in Uganda. We conducted a cross-sectional study from June to August 2017 at the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI). Blood samples from 161 febrile hematological cancer patients were collected. HCMV exposure was assessed using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for IgG and IgM antibodies, and active infection was confirmed with PCR testing and gel electrophoresis. IgG positivity indicated previous exposure, while positive IgM or PCR results indicated active infection. Overall, HCMV seroprevalence based on IgG and/or IgM positivity was 106/161 (66%). IgG alone, IgM alone, and combined IgG/IgM positivity prevalence rates were 57/161 (35.4%), 22/161 (13.6%), and 27/161 (16.7%), respectively. HCMV DNA PCR was positive in 5 of the 161 (3%) samples. Among PCR-positive patients, one (20%) was positive for IgG alone, two (40%) for IgM alone, and two (40%) for both IgG and IgM. Active infection based on positive IgM and HCMV DNA PCR was found in 23 of the 161 (14.3%) patients. Two-thirds of febrile patients with hematological malignancies in Uganda had been exposed to HCMV infection, with 14.3% showing active infection. Routine testing for active HCMV infection among febrile hematological cancer patients at the UCI is essential for timely and appropriate antiviral treatment.
IMPORTANCE: In this paper, we demonstrated that over two-thirds of feverish patients with blood cancers such as leukemia at the Uganda Cancer Institute are already exposed to a type of virus infection called the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), and 14% of the patients have active disease due to this virus. This was confirmed through finding blood samples testing positive for a type of protective antibody called IgM and also upon virus DNA detection in the blood of those patients. Routine testing for this virus is not usually done in the study settings. Our findings reveal and emphasize the importance of routinely testing blood samples for active infection with this virus among the feverish patients with blood cancers in the study settings, and prompt initiation of antiviral treatment of the actively infected patients.
Painted turtles are remarkable for their freeze tolerance and supercooling ability along with their associated resilience to hypoxia/anoxia and oxidative stress, rendering them an ideal biomedical model for hypoxia-induced injuries (including strokes), tissue cooling during surgeries, and organ cryopreservation. Yet, such research is hindered by their seasonal reproduction and slow maturation. Here we developed and characterized adult stem cell-derived turtle liver organoids (3D self-assembled in vitro structures) from painted, snapping, and spiny softshell turtles spanning ~175My of evolution, with a subset cryopreserved. This development is, to the best of our knowledge, a first for this vertebrate Order, and complements the only other non-avian reptile organoids from snake venom glands. Preliminary characterization, including morphological, transcriptomic, and proteomic analyses, revealed organoids enriched in cholangiocytes. Deriving organoids from distant turtles and life stages demonstrates that our techniques are broadly applicable to chelonians, permitting the development of functional genomic tools currently lacking in herpetological research. Such platform could potentially support studies including genome-to-phenome mapping, gene function, genome architecture, and adaptive responses to climate change, with implications for ecological, evolutionary, and biomedical research.
PURPOSE: Left ventricular longitudinal function can be rapidly evaluated by measuring S' and mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) using tissue Doppler imaging. Even when the image quality is poor and the left ventricular endocardium is not visible, S' and MAPSE can be measured if the mitral annulus is visible. However, the utility of S' and MAPSE in diagnosing cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the diagnostic performance of S' and MAPSE and determine appropriate cutoff values.
METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 279 breast cancer patients who underwent pre- or postoperative chemotherapy with anthracyclines and trastuzumab from April 2020 to November 2022. We compared echocardiographic data before chemotherapy, 6 months after chemotherapy initiation, and 1 year later. CTRCD was defined as a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction below 50%, with a decrease of ≥10% from baseline or a relative decrease in left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) of ≥15%.
RESULTS: A total of 256 participants were included in this study, with a mean age of 50.2 ± 11 years. Fifty-six individuals (22%) developed CTRCD within 1 year after starting chemotherapy. The cutoff value for septal S' was 6.85 cm/s (AUC = .81, p < .001; sensitivity 74%; specificity 73%), and for MAPSE was 11.7 mm (AUC = .65, p = .02; sensitivity 79%; specificity 45%). None of the cases with septal S' exceeding 6.85 cm/s had an LVGLS of ≤15%.
CONCLUSIONS: Septal S' is a useful indicator for diagnosing CTRCD.
HIGHLIGHTS: Septal S' decreased at the same time or earlier than the decrease in LVGLS. The septal S' demonstrated higher diagnostic ability for CTRCD compared to LVGLS.
The purpose of this study was to examine how demographics, etiology, and clinical examination findings are related to visual outcomes in subjects with open globe injury (OGI) across a large and generalizable sample. A retrospective cohort analysis was performed using data collected from the electronic medical records of four tertiary university centers for subjects with OGI presenting from 2018 to 2021. Demographic information, injury mechanisms, clinical exam findings, visual acuity (VA) at presentation and most recent follow-up were recorded. In subjects with bilateral OGIs, only right eyes were included. A modified ocular trauma score (OTS) using presenting VA, the presence of perforating injury, OGI, and afferent pupillary defect was calculated. The risk of subjects' demographic characteristics, ocular trauma etiology, clinical findings and modified OTS on the presence of monocular blindness at follow-up were assessed using univariable and multivariable regression models. 1426 eyes were identified. The mean age was 48.3 years (SD: ± 22.4 years) and the majority of subjects were men (N = 1069, 75.0%). Univariable analysis demonstrated that subjects of Black race were 66% (OR: 1.66 [1.25-2.20]; P < 0.001) more likely to have monocular blindness relative to White race at follow-up. OTS Class 1 was the strongest predictor of blindness (OR: 38.35 [21.33-68.93]; P < 0.001). Based on multivariable analysis, lower OTS category (OTS Class 1 OR: 23.88 [16.44-45.85]; P < 0.001) moderately predicted visual outcomes (R2 = 0.275, P < 0.001). OGI has many risks of poor visual outcome across patient groups that vary by demographic category, mechanism of injury, and clinical presentation. Our findings validate that a modified OTS remains a strong predictor of visual prognosis following OGI in a large and generalizable sample.
The invention discloses a medicinal composition for treating macular degeneration. The medicinal composition for treating the macular degeneration comprises eight kinds of medicaments, such as astragalus, Chinese angelica, Indian buead, thunberg fritillary bulb and the like. The medicinal composition is prepared to be pharmaceutically acceptable formulations such as decoction, tablets, capsules, pills, oral liquid preparations, injection and the like by adding the conventional auxiliary materials and by the conventional process. The medicinal composition can improve and stabilize vision of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients, can promote bleeding absorption and can reduce macular area choroidal neovascularization (CNV) fluorescence leakage. Symptom and disease differentiation-based treatment embodies the advantage of the traditional Chinese medical science in the aspect of improving vision function. Due to the combination of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) examination, pathological examination and choroid blood vessel stretched preparation, the CNV can be evaluated well. According to the observation on morphological methods such as model FFA after medicament intervention, pathology, choroid blood vessel stretched preparation and the like, the medicinal composition has a good effect of inhibiting the CNV of laser induced brown Norway (BN) rats and has a certain effect of inhibiting or stabilizing the growth of the CNV.
Phone contact with patient will be made by a professional psychologist within 21 days of hospital discharge. If contact cannot be made after 9 attempts, post-cards will be sent monthly at M2, M3, M4 and M5, asking the participant to establish contact with the designated psychologist. The phone call will determine whether or not the participant is in a state of suicidal crisis. If yes, steps will be taken to attend the crisis within 24 hours.
Women who are diagnosed with gestational diabetes are at increased risk for developing prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. To date, there have been few interdisciplinary interventions that target predominantly ethnic minority low-income women diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Programs are needed that intervene in the prenatal period to teach women the importance of breastfeeding to improve metabolic control and infant health and continue after birth to promote improved nutrition and exercise patterns and weight loss. Using a two-group, repeated measures experimental design, this proposed study will test a 14-week intensive intervention on the benefits of breastfeeding, understanding gestational diabetes and risk of progression to prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, nutrition and exercise education, coping skills training, and physical activity (Phase I) and 3 months of continued monthly contact (Phase II) to help overweight women diagnosed with gestational diabetes improve metabolic, clinical, weight, adiposity, health behaviors and self-efficacy. Trends in breastfeeding duration and intensity, maternal infant feeding behavior, infant growth trajectory (weight-for-length) will also be measured. A total of 100 African American, bilingual Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White women diagnosed with gestational diabetes will be inducted and randomized by site to either the experimental or wait-list control group. Data will be collected at Time 1 (Baseline at 22-36 weeks pregnant), Time 2 (6 weeks postpartum), Time 3 (4 months postpartum and completion of Phase I), Time 4 (7 months postpartum and completion of Phase II), and Time 5 (10 months postpartum and after 3 months on their own). Primary maternal outcomes will include fasting blood glucose and weight (BMI). Secondary maternal outcomes will include clinical outcomes (oral glucose tolerance test, insulin levels, Homeostasis Model Assessment calculation, Hemoglobin A1c, complete lipid panel, and blood pressure); adiposity (waist circumference, triceps and subscapular skin folds); health behaviors (Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, Adult Health Behavior Survey, and Accelerometry for 7 days); and self-efficacy (Eating Self-Efficacy, Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale, and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale). Infant outcomes will include data on weight status (weight-for-length) and breastfeeding (weeks until stopped breastfeeding, weeks exclusively breastfed, and intensity of breastfeeding). Data analysis will include analysis of field notes, post-intervention interviews, and recruitment and retention efforts. Linear mixed-effects random coefficients models will be constructed to measure the effects of the intervention compared to the wait-list control group. Increasing breastfeeding and decreasing overweight in postpartum women who were diagnosed with gestational diabetes may both improve maternal glucose homeostasis and weight and stabilize infant growth trajectory, reducing the burden of metabolic disease across two generations.