anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The investigators will conduct a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, 2x2 factorial-designed intervention trial. The pharmacological intervention for prednisolone/prednisolone-placebo is 14 days and for sitagliptin/sitagliptin-placebo 28 days. Subjects fulfilling the IDF criteria26 for the metabolic syndrome (aged 35-65; n=60) will be randomized to one of four groups: I) prednisolone 30 mg and sitagliptin 100 mg daily; II) prednisolone 30 mg and sitagliptin-placebo daily; III) prednisolone-placebo and sitagliptin 100 mg daily; IV) prednisolone-placebo and sitagliptin-placebo daily. Before and at day 14 of treatment subjects will undergo a standardized mixed-meal test in order to assess glucose disposal and beta-cell function (by modeling analysis). During these meal tests, plasma concentrations of (total and active) GLP-1, GIP, glucagon and additional biomarkers will be assessed. A combined hyperglycemic-euglycemic clamp will be performed at baseline and at day 13 of treatment to assess insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. During the euglycemic clamp adipose tissue and muscle biopsies will be obtained, both in fasting and under hyperinsulinemic conditions. At baseline and at day 28 of treatment, a 7-point OGTT will be performed to assess time to restoration of glycemic control. Body composition, body fat distribution and liver fat content, measured by respectively bio-impedance analysis and magnetic resonance imaging/spectroscopy (MRI/MRS), will be assessed at baseline and after 28 days of treatment. Blood pressure will be assessed at baseline and after two weeks of treatment. Microvascular function will be assessed with capillary videomicroscopy both at baseline and after two weeks of treatment.
Influenza vaccination has been recommended for all persons greater than or equal to age 65, recent studies have questioned the efficacy of the vaccine in the aging population. The willingness to test new vaccines depends on a convincing demonstration of a significant burden of disease despite current vaccine policies. If comprehensive surveillance could be performed in a well defined population of adults over 50 years of age hospitalized with acute respiratory illness or fever, the precise burden of influenza illness in this age group could be determined and the risk factors associated with influenza infection established. This study will be a one year pilot study. Study participants will include 350 adults greater than and equal to 50 years of age hospitalized at Vanderbilt University or a local community hospital, Baptist Hospital, with acute respiratory symptoms or fever. The purpose of the study is to determine the feasibility of conducting a larger surveillance study in several other hospitals. Specific aims are: 1) to perform population-based surveillance to determine the etiology and burden of acute viral respiratory diseases or fever among hospitalized adults greater than or equal to 50 years of age and 2) to identify risk factors associated with hospitalization for vaccine-preventable respiratory disease in adults greater than or equal to 50 years of age. During November 2006 through April 2007, recruitment will occur 2 days per week and will increase to 4 days per week during the defined influenza season based on local surveillance. Following informed consent, there will be 3 parts to data collection: (1) series of brief questions; (2) one nasal and one throat swab will be collected and; (3) chart abstractions performed after discharge. Nasal and throat swabs will be tested for influenza A and B viruses by both viral culture, rapid antigen testing, and Real-Time Reverse-Transcriptase PCR (RTrtPCR) analysis. The primary endpoint of the study is the incidence of hospitalizations due to influenza virus by age, sex, and race in adults greater or equal to than 50 years of age. This study is linked to DMID protocol 06-0092.
The patients were diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis and obtained the ASAS20 response after etanercept treatment. Then they were discontinued to etanercept and received no treatment except DMARDs or NSAIDs which had used before.
This invention relates to natural products containing phyto-oestrogens, or phyto-oestrogen analogues, which have various beneficial physiological effects in man, and which have a variety of uses, such as to promote good health and as a dietary additive, for example. The invention describes a method of improving the health of a human by administering to the human a health supplementing amount of a phyto-oestrogen selected from genistein, daidzein formononentin and/or biochanin A. A health supplement comprising a health supplementary amount of a phyto-oestrogen selected from genisten daidzein formononentin and/or biochanin A, is also described. Preferably, the supplement also comprises at least one dietary suitable excipient, diluent, carrier or food, and may be in the form of a tablet or capsule, for example. Ideally, the phyto-oestrogen is extracted from red clover or from soya, although any source rich in isoflavones may also be used. The supplement can be used to prevent or ameliorate such conditions as breast cancer, benign breast disease, pre-menstrual syndrome, or symptoms associated with menopause in women, or various types of cancer, and especially for high blood cholesterol levels in all humans, for instance.
The present invention provides an antibody that binds to the surface antigen (HBsAg) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) to neutralize the hepatitis B virus. The surface antigen-binding site of the antibody was found to play a very important role in viral replication, and when a mutation in the site occurs, viral replication is significantly inhibited, and thus at least HBV virus cannot cause a mutation in the site. In the present invention, it was confirmed by the use of patient-derived virus that the antibody of the present invention binds to either YMDD mutant hepatitis B virus, produced by conventional viral replication inhibitors, or G145R HBsAg mutants to which plasma-derived HBIG (hepatitis B immunoglobulin) does not bind. In addition, the in vivo effect of the antibody of the present invention was examined using chimpanzees which are unique animal models for hepatitis B virus. As a result, it was found that the antibody has the effect of neutralizing even wild-type hepatitis B virus in the in vivo model. Thus, it can be seen that the antibody of the present invention has the ability to bind not only to wild-type hepatitis B virus, but also mutant hepatitis B viruses having a polymerase YMDD mutant and a surface antigen G145R mutation, as well as various mutant viruses derived from patients. Thus, the antibody of the present invention can be effectively used for the prevention or treatment of infections with not only wild-type hepatitis B virus, but also mutant hepatitis B viruses.
Patients undergo MRI over 15 minutes before standard of care surgery. Patients also undergo collection of blood samples during MRI and at the time of surgery.
The invention discloses three high particles of a kind of reduction and preparation method thereof, include the following steps：A. A classes raw material and B class raw material are got out in proportion；B. A class grinding raw materials are crushed to 100 mesh, B class raw material is smashed to pieces into the particle of soya bean size；C. the B class raw material after smashing to pieces are put into pot repeatedly to add water to cook in batches；D. obtained filtrate will be decocted every time uniformly after mixing, and small fire is slowly decocted to viscous hand, the phenomenon that dropping into a bead occurs, that is, is completed to decoct, obtained concentrate X；E. the A classes raw material after ready ground crushing in step b are added in concentrate X and be mixed evenly, material Y is obtained after being mixed evenly；F. material Y is put into granulator granulation, then the particle from granulator out is dried, finished product is can obtain after drying.Solve the problems, such as three high drug generally existing defects of existing reduction.
BACKGROUND: Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin cancer that is three times deadlier than melanoma. In 2008, it was found that 80% of MCC cases are caused by the genomic integration of a novel polyomavirus, Merkel Cell Polyomavirus (MCPyV), and the expression of its small and truncated large tumor antigens (ST and LT-t, respectively). MCPyV belongs to a family of human polyomaviruses; however, it is the only one with a clear association to cancer.
METHODS: To investigate the role and mechanisms of various polyomavirus tumor antigens in cellular transformation, Rat-2 and 293A cells were transduced with pLENTI MCPyV LT-t, MCPyV ST, TSPyV ST, HPyV7 ST, or empty pLENTI and assessed through multiple transformation assays, and subcellular fractionations. One-way ANOVA tests were used to assess statistical significance.
RESULTS: Soft agar, proliferation, doubling time, glucose uptake, and serum dependence assays confirmed ST to be the dominant transforming protein of MCPyV. Furthermore, it was found that MCPyV ST is uniquely transforming, as the ST antigens of other non-oncogenic human polyomaviruses such as Trichodysplasia Spinulosa-Associated Polyomavirus (TSPyV) and Human Polyomavirus 7 (HPyV7) were not transforming when similarly assessed. Identification of structural dissimilarities between transforming and non-transforming tumor antigens revealed that the uniquely transforming domain(s) of MCPyV ST are likely located within the structurally dissimilar loops of the MCPyV ST unique region. Of all known MCPyV ST cellular interactors, 62% are exclusively or transiently nuclear, suggesting that MCPyV ST localizes to the nucleus despite the absence of a canonical nuclear localization signal. Indeed, subcellular fractionations confirmed that MCPyV ST could achieve nuclear localization through a currently unknown, regulated mechanism independent of its small size, as HPyV7 and TSPyV ST proteins were incapable of nuclear translocation. Although nuclear localization was found to be important for several transforming properties of MCPyV ST, some properties were also performed by a cytoplasmic sequestered MCPyV ST, suggesting that MCPyV ST may perform different transforming functions in individual subcellular compartments.
CONCLUSIONS: Together, these data further elucidate the unique differences between MCPyV ST and other polyomavirus ST proteins necessary to understand MCPyV as the only known human oncogenic polyomavirus.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To refine BCAP which is a new protein as an intermediator between BCR-associated PTKs and P13, analyze molecular structure and function of the protein and provide an antibody specifically reacting with the protei. SOLUTION: It is required for BCR-associated protein tyrosine kinase to carry out tyrosine phosphorylation of associated protein in order to control activity of downstream effector molecule. We inform about BCAP which is a new B cell-associated protein which associates with P13K. Tyrosine phosphorylation of BCAP mediates Syk and Btk and BCAP provide binding site to p85 subunit of P13K thereby. When BCAP gene of DT40B cell strain is delated, biosynthesis of PIP 3,4,5-triphosphoric acid through BCR is inhibited and as a result, Akt response is suppressed. Further, transfer of P13K to microdomein (GEMs) rich in glycolipid is remarkably weakened by deletion of BCAP. Consequently, these data suggest that BCAP mediates signal between P13K passage from BCR-associated protein by controlling localization of P13K.
The invention discloses an ailan extract from fruit of Ailanthus altissima (Mill. )Swingle. The ailan alkaloid and terpenes internal ester content in it is more than 50%. The Chinese traditional medicine extract is characterized by functions of reducing fever and anti-tumor, and little toxic effect. The invention also discloses a method for preparing said Chinese traditional medicine extract, which comprises following steps: extracting ailan with ethanol, removing oil ester matter from extract liquid, adjusting pH to weak acid, extracting terpenes internal ester, adjusting pH to weak acid, extracting to get alkaloid, combining them together and getting target ailan extract. The extract rate of this method is high and it is practicable in industry.
Adult patients with acute fractures of the clavicle, who are scheduled for an internal fixation of the fracture within the next 24 hours will receive an ultrasound-guided block of the supraclavicular nerves using a maximum of 3 ml of a long-acting local anesthetic. The injection is carried out directly in the emergency department following a sonographic or radiological diagnosis.
Pregnancy Category C.

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of ALBENZA administration in pregnant women. ALBENZA should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

ALBENZA should not be used in pregnant women except in clinical circumstances where no alternative management is appropriate. Obtain pregnancy test prior to prescribing ALBENZA to women of reproductive potential. Advise women of reproductive potential to use effective birth control for the duration of ALBENZA therapy and for one month after end of therapy. If a patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, ALBENZA should be discontinued immediately. If pregnancy occurs while taking this drug, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus.

ALBENZA has been shown to be teratogenic (to cause embryotoxicity and skeletal malformations) in pregnant rats and rabbits. The teratogenic response in the rat was shown at oral doses of 10 and 30 mg/kg/day (0.10 times and 0.32 times the recommended human dose based on body surface area in mg/m2, respectively) during gestation days 6 to 15 and in pregnant rabbits at oral doses of 30 mg/kg/day (0.60 times the recommended human dose based on body surface area in mg/m2) administered during gestation days 7 to 19. In the rabbit study, maternal toxicity (33% mortality) was noted at 30 mg/kg/day. In mice, no teratogenic effects were observed at oral doses up to 30 mg/kg/day (0.16 times the recommended human dose based on body surface area in mg/m2), administered during gestation days 6 to 15.
Vitamin D is essential for bone mineralization. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency \[serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D concentration (25OHD) ≤ 20 ng/mL\] is high among adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and even higher in pediatric patients with IBD. Protein-losing enteropathy could represent both an etiologic factor for hypovitaminosis D, and an obstacle in treating it in IBD patients. There are currently no guidelines for the treatment of hypovitaminosis D in adults or children with IBD. Moreover we have obtained evidence that optimal vitamin D stores (25OHD ≥32 ng/mL) may not be maintained throughout the year in patients with IBD following current RDA recommendations. On the other hand, the prevalence of low bone mineral density is high among young patients with IBD, during a period in their lives when they should experience the most rapid acquisition of bone mass. Optimization of vitamin D status and its impact on the bone health of children with IBD has not been studied. In addition, vitamin D may play an important role in the regulation of the immune system as supported by animal models of colitis and in vitro human studies.

Prospective studies of the effect of vitamin D supplementation on disease outcomes have not been undertaken in children with IBD to date. We aim to perform a) a randomized controlled trial to compare the efficacy of 3 regimens in treating vitamin D insufficiency in pediatric patients with IBD over a period of 6 weeks. We will also evaluate the effects of each regimen on markers of bone resorption, bone formation and parathyroid hormone levels, and the relationship between the magnitude of gastrointestinal protein loss, as reflected by clearance of fecal alpha -1-antitrypsin, and the efficacy of the treatment. b) We also aim to perform a randomized controlled trial to compare the efficacy of 2 regimens of different doses of oral vitamin D2 in maintaining optimal vitamin D stores in pediatric patients with IBD over a period of 2 years. We intend to study the effect of each regimen on a) bone mass acquisition (measured via DXA and pQCT) and bone strength (measured via pQCT), b) bone formation and resorption markers and parathyroid hormone, and c) disease outcomes and disease severity over the same period of time.
Inflammation is considered to be the main target of the development of new stroke therapies. There are three key issues in the treatment of stroke inflammation: the first one is how to overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to achieve drug delivery, the second one is how to select drugs to treat stroke inflammation, and the third one is how to achieve targeted drug delivery. In this study, we constructed hydrocortisone-phosphatidylserine microbubbles and combined them with ultrasound (US)-targeted microbubble destruction technology to successfully open the BBB to achieve targeted drug delivery. Phosphatidylserine on the microbubbles was used for its "eat me" effect to increase the targeting of the microvesicles. In addition, we found that hydrocortisone can accelerate the closure of the BBB, achieving efficient drug delivery while reducing the entry of peripheral toxins into the brain. In the treatment of stroke inflammation, it was found that hydrocortisone itself has anti-inflammatory effects and can also change the polarization of microglia from the harmful pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to the beneficial anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, thus achieving dual anti-inflammatory effects and enhancing the anti-inflammatory effects in ischemic areas after stroke, well reducing the cerebellar infarction volume by inhibiting the inflammatory response after cerebral ischemia. A confocal microendoscope was used to directly observe the polarization of microglial cells in living animal models for dynamic microscopic visualization detection showing the advantage of being closer to clinical work. Taken together, this study constructed a multifunctional targeted US contrast agent with the function of "one-stone-two-birds", which can not only "on-off" the BBB but also have "two" anti-inflammatory functions, providing a new strategy of integrated anti-inflammatory targeted delivery and imaging monitoring for ischemic stroke treatment.
Gingivitis is an endemic disease that is a precursor to periodontal disease. Two mouthrinse agents, Peridex and Listerine, have received the Seal of Acceptance from the Council on Dental Therapeutics of the American Dental Association for the control of supragingival plaque and gingivitis. Peridex (0.12% chlorhexidine, bisbiguanide cationic detergent) is a prescription mouthrinse that demonstrates potent anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis action. Chlorhexidine rinses are also prescribed to prevent post surgical infections. Chlorhexidine has broad spectrum antibacterial activity and substantivity. With prolonged use, chlorhexidine maintains its effectiveness but causes staining of natural teeth and composite materials used in restorative dentistry. Other side effects associated with chlorhexidine are calculus formation and possible alterations in taste. Although chlorhexidine rinses and supragingival irrigations have demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing plaque and gingivitis, chlorhexidine has had a minimal impact in treating periodontal disease. Listerine, comprised of essential oils, is an over-the-counter mouthrinse that is less effective than chlorhexidine in controlling plaque and gingivitis, but has minimal side effects. Other agents such as quaternary ammonium compounds and metal salts are rarely used alone but can be used in combination with other antimicrobial rinses to enhance their effectiveness.
In 2008, the Prospect Working Group, a multidisciplinary expert panel, published their consensus guidelines on the relative merits of different anaesthetic and analgesic techniques for TKA based on a review of the available published literature up to 2005. These guidelines supported the use of general anaesthesia combined with a femoral nerve block for surgery and postoperative analgesia, or alternatively spinal anaesthesia with local anaesthetic combined with spinal morphine. The preference for femoral nerve block in favour of intrathecal opiates was as a consequence of the greater potential for side effects with the latter technique. The authors conceded that there were a lack of well-conducted studies on this subject, graded their recommendations as level D (expert opinion), and concluded further research was needed. Consequently there has been debate around the conclusions drawn and clinicians have not universally accepted the recommendations.

Most researchers to date have focused on short-term outcomes such as static pain scores and/or opiate consumption. It is also important however to investigate dynamic pain scores, patient reported outcomes, the attainment of rehabilitation goals, length of stay and longer term functional outcomes. In addition, the use of the total pain relief score (TOTPAR) as described by Cooper and Beaver, assesses the cumulative response to treatment. This is a well validated area under the time-analgesic effect curve (AUC) derivation for pain relief which is commonly used by meta-analyses of analgesic interventions. The aim of this study is to investigate all these endpoints in patients receiving a single-shot femoral nerve block (FNB) for TKA as compared to intrathecal diamorphine (ID), a more commonly used spinal opiate in United Kingdom anaesthetic practice.
Methods of treating infections caused by free-living amoeba are disclosed. The methods generally include systemic administration of an effective amount of miltefosine, such as an oral or intravenous formulation, and optionally local administration of an effective amount of miltefosine, such as a topical formulation of miltefosine. The methods may further include administration of one or more secondary agents. Exemplary secondary agents include steroids, polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), chlorhexidine, propamidine isethionate, dibromopropami dine isethionate, neomycin, paromomycin, polymyxin B, clotrimazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, and itraconazole. The methods may be used to treat patients with infections caused by a free-living amoeba such as Naegleria fowleri, Balamuthia mandril laris, Sappinia diploidea , and Acanthamoeba species. Exemplary infections include acanthamoeba keratitis, granulomatous amoebic encephalitis, cutaneous acanthamoebiasis, primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, sappinia amoebic encephalitis, or a disseminated disease associated with a free-living amoeba.