anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Caring for hemodialysis patients could be a heavy burden on family caregivers, causing them to become fatigued and decrease their quality of life. This study aimed to investigate whether Jacobson's relaxation can help alleviate the fatigue of family caregivers of hemodialysis patients.
METHODS: This randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2021. Sixty-six family caregivers of hemodialysis patients were recruited by convenience sampling from a referral hospital in Tehran, Iran, and assigned randomly by coin toss to two groups of experimental (n = 32) and control (n = 34). Caregivers in the experimental group performed Jacobson's relaxation three times a week, each time for 30-45 min, for 30 days. The score and severity of fatigue before, 2 weeks after, and 1 month after the intervention were measured with the Fatigue Severity Scale. Data analysis was performed in the statistics software SPSS using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and analytic statistics (Independent Samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-Square test, Fisher's exact test, and RM-ANOVA test). The significance level was less than 0.05.
RESULTS: The fatigue scores of the experimental and control groups were not significantly different before the intervention (4.42 ± 0.42 vs. 4.38 ± 0.42, P = 0.696). However, the experimental group had significantly lower fatigue scores than the control group 2 weeks after the intervention (4.11 ± 0.63 vs. 4.39 ± 0.42, P = 0.036) and 1 month after the intervention (3.5 ± 0.71 vs. 4.4 ± 0.44, P = 0.001). The results also showed a significant drop in the fatigue score of the experimental group after the intervention (P < 0.0001), but no such change in the control group (P = 0.662).
CONCLUSION: Jacobson's relaxation technique was effective in alleviating the fatigue of family caregivers of hemodialysis patients. Nurses are therefore recommended to promote the technique as a safe and easy method of fatigue management for family caregivers.
Rationale: Pulmonary exacerbations (PEx) remain the most common cause of morbidity, recurrent hospitalization, and diminished survival in people with cystic fibrosis (PWCF) and are characterized by excess inflammation. Corticosteroids are potent, widely available antiinflammatory drugs. However, corticosteroid efficacy data from randomized controlled trials in PWCF are limited. Objectives: To determine whether adjunctive systemic corticosteroid therapy is associated with improved outcomes in acute CF PEx. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of Standardized Treatment of Pulmonary Exacerbations 2 (STOP2), a large multicenter randomized controlled trial of antimicrobial treatment durations for adult PWCF presenting with PEx, that included the use of corticosteroids as a stratification criterion in its randomization protocol. Corticosteroid treatment effects were determined after propensity score matching for covariates including age, sex, baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), genotype, and randomization arm. The primary outcome measure was the change in percentage predicted FEV1 (ppFEV1). Symptoms, time to next PEx, and the incidence of adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs) were assessed as secondary endpoints. Phenotypic factors associated with the clinical decision to prescribe steroids were also investigated. Results: Corticosteroids were prescribed for 168 of 982 PEx events in STOP2 (17%). Steroid prescription was associated with decreased baseline ppFEV1, increased age, and female sex. Cotreatment with corticosteroids was independent of treatment arm allocation and did not result in greater mean ppFEV1 response, longer median time to next PEx, or more substantial symptomatic improvement compared with propensity-matched PWCF receiving antibiotics alone. AEs were not increased in corticosteroid-treated PWCF. The total number of SAEs-but not the number of corticosteroid-related or PEx-related SAEs-was higher among patients receiving corticosteroids. Conclusions: Empiric, physician-directed treatment with systemic corticosteroids, although common, is not associated with improved clinical outcomes in PWCF receiving antibiotics for PEx. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02781610).
The present disclosure provides methods of preparing immune cells,  e.g. , T cells and/or NK cells, comprising contacting the cells with programmable cell-signaling scaffolds in a medium comprising at least about 5 mM potassium ion and editing the cells to exhibit reduced expression of a NR4A family member. In some aspects, the methods disclosed herein increase the number of less-differentiated cells in the population of cells. In some aspects, the cultured cells are engineered,  e.g. , to comprise a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) or an engineered T cell receptor (TCR). In some aspects, the cells are administered to a subject in need thereof.
The escalation method was as follows: 1 subject in each dose group was evaluated for safety by the investigator, and another 2 subjects were evaluated with the permission of the investigator: if none of them experienced DLT, they were escalated to the next dose group.If 1 subject experiences DLT, another 3 subjects will be enrolled in the same dose group.If DLT is not observed in 3 newly added subjects, the study of the next dose group can be started.Dose escalation was terminated if 2 or more DLTs were observed in 3 subjects enrolled in each dose group, or 1 or more DLTs were observed in 3 additional subjects per group.This dose was judged as "intolerable dose", and dose escalation was stopped at the same time. The previous dose group was used as MTD. If only 3 patients were enrolled in the previous dose group, 3 more patients were required (the continued dose escalation should be less than"intolerable dose"). DLT was continued to be observed to determine MTD. Dose escalation for the same subject was not permitted.If a subject dropped out during the DLT observation period due to non-DLT reasons or did not complete DLT observation according to the protocol, continued enrollment of subjects is required to meet the requirement of 3 or 6 subjects per dose. The administration method is as follows: Melphalan Hydrochloride for Injection 9 mg/m2, 18 mg/m2, 27 mg/m2 and 40 mg/m2 (if there is no DLT in this dose group when the dose is up to 40 mg/m2).The primary objective of this phase is to determine the optimal dose of melphalan hydrochloride for injection, up to 40 mg/m2.
To provide a novel composition for oral administration useful for preventing or treating mastitis of ruminants.SOLUTION: A composition for oral administration contains Bacillus subtilis TTCC903 strain (accession number: FERM P-21173) as an active ingredient and is used for preventing or treating mastitis of ruminants. A feed additive contains the composition for oral administration. A feed contains the composition for oral administration. A pharmaceutical composition contains the composition for oral administration. A method for preventing mastitis of ruminants includes administering the composition for oral administration to ruminants. A method for treating mastitis of ruminants includes administering the composition for oral administration to ruminants.SELECTED DRAWING: None
The incidence rate of chronic small bowel disease in China is 6.14%. Due to the deep location, large length, tortuous shape and large free degree, the diagnosis and treatment of small bowel disease has always been a major challenge in the clinical work of gastroenterology. Although capsule endoscopy can realize the observation of the whole small intestinal mucosa, it cannot effectively observe in real time the suspicious lesions, much less treatment, and its many difficulties still need to be resolved. Enteroscopy allows for real-time, direct visualization of the small intestine and provide effective treatment, which is an important tool for the diagnosis and treatment of small intestinal diseases. The depth of small bowel insertion and whole small bowel examination rate are important indicators for evaluating enteroscopy. However, due to objective factors, such as lesion location and luminal stenosis, the depth of insertion is a better indicator of the quality of enteroscopy, which is more in line with clinical needs.Currently,the single-balloon enteroscopy, which is now more common in clinical practice, have been designed and optimized for relative ease of operation and a shorter learning curve.Compared with two-person in single-balloon enteroscopy, one-person single-balloon enteroscopy has the advantages of better observation and treatment of lesions, shorter examination time, saving resources in the endoscopy room, and reducing the postoperative discomfort of the examined person, etc. However, there is no comparative study of one-person and two-person in single-balloon enteroscopy.Therefore, we propose to conduct a multicenter, noninferiority, randomized controlled study to explore the effect of single and double operation on single balloon small bowel insertion depth, total small bowel examination rate, and lesion detection rate.
Background Translocator protein (TSPO) PET has been used to visualize microglial activation in neuroinflammation and is a potential imaging tool for detecting autoimmune encephalitis (AIE). Purpose To compare the detection rate between TSPO radioligand fluorine 18 (18F) DPA-714 PET and conventional MRI and assess the relationship between 18F-DPA-714 uptake and clinical features in participants with AIE. Materials and Methods Healthy volunteers and patients with AIE were enrolled in this prospective study between December 2021 and April 2023. All participants underwent hybrid brain 18F-DPA-714 PET/MRI and antibody testing. Modified Rankin scale scoring and AIE-related symptoms were assessed in participants with AIE. Positive findings were defined as intensity of 18F-DPA-714 uptake above a threshold of the mean standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) plus 2 SD inside the corresponding brain regions of healthy controls. The McNemar test was used to compare the positive detection rate between the two imaging modalities; the independent samples t test was used to compare continuous variables; and correlation with Bonferroni correction was used to assess the relationship between 18F-DPA-714 uptake and clinical features. Results A total of 25 participants with AIE (mean age, 39.24 years ± 19.03 [SD]) and 10 healthy controls (mean age, 28.70 years ± 5.14) were included. The positive detection rate of AIE was 72% (18 of 25) using 18F-DPA-714 PET compared to 44% (11 of 25) using conventional MRI, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = .065). Participants experiencing seizures exhibited significantly higher mean SUVR in the entire cortical region than those without seizures (1.23 ± 0.21 vs 1.15 ± 0.18; P = .003). Of the 13 participants with AIE who underwent follow-up PET/MRI, 11 (85%) demonstrated reduced uptake of 18F-DPA-714 accompanied by relief of symptoms after immunosuppressive treatment. Conclusion 18F-DPA-714 PET has potential value in supplementing MRI for AIE detection. Clinical trial registration no. NCT05293405 © RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Zaharchuk in this issue.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare rates and severity of recurrent acute diverticulitis in patients with and without solid organ transplant.
BACKGROUND: Immunocompromised solid organ transplant recipients have been considered higher risk for both recurrence and severity of acute diverticulitis. Current guidelines recommend an individualized approach for colectomy in these patients, but these are based on single-center data.
METHODS: We identified patients with acute diverticulitis using the Merative MarketScan commercial claims data from 2014 to 2020. Patients were classified by history of solid organ transplant. The primary outcome was recurrence of acute diverticulitis with an associated antibiotic prescription ≥60 days from the initial episode. Secondary outcomes included hospitalization, colectomy, and ostomy in patients with recurrence. Analyses used inverse probability weighting to adjust for imbalances in covariates.
RESULTS: Of 170,697 patients with evidence of acute diverticulitis, 442 (0.2%) had a history of solid organ transplantation. In the weighted cohort, among people who had not been censored at 1 year (n=515), 112 (22%; 95% CI: 20%-25%) experienced a recurrence within the first year. Solid organ transplantation was not significantly associated with a risk of recurrence (hazard ratio=1.19; 95% CI: 0.94-1.50). There was also no statistically significant difference in the hospitalization rate for recurrent diverticulitis. Restricting the analysis to hospitalized recurrences, there was no statistically significant difference observed in either length of stay or discharge status.
CONCLUSIONS: In this national analysis of commercially insured patients with acute diverticulitis we found no statistically significant differences in recurrence between those with and without a history of solid organ transplant. We do not support an aggressive colectomy strategy based on concern for increased recurrence rate and severity in a solid organ transplant population.
The strong association between gut microbiota (GM) and brain functions such as mood, behaviour, and cognition has been well documented. Gut-brain axis is a unique bidirectional communication system between the gut and brain, in which gut microbes play essential role in maintaining various molecular and cellular processes. GM interacts with the brain through various pathways and processes including, metabolites, vagus nerve, HPA axis, endocrine system, and immune system to maintain brain homeostasis. GM dysbiosis, or an imbalance in GM, is associated with several neurological disorders, including anxiety, depression, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Conversely, AD is sustained by microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Further, GM and their products also affect microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Despite the evidence connecting GM dysbiosis and AD progression, the involvement of GM in modulating microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in AD remains elusive. Importantly, deciphering the mechanism/s by which GM regulates microglia-dependent neuroinflammation may be helpful in devising potential therapeutic strategies to mitigate AD. Herein, we review the current evidence regarding the involvement of GM dysbiosis in microglia activation and neuroinflammation in AD. We also discuss the possible mechanisms through which GM influences the functioning of microglia and its implications for therapeutic intervention. Further, we explore the potential of microbiota-targeted interventions, such as prebiotics, probiotics, faecal microbiota transplantation, etc., as a novel therapeutic strategy to mitigate neuroinflammation and AD progression. By understanding and exploring the gut-brain axis, we aspire to revolutionize the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, many of which share a common theme of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
The invention relates to a preparation for treating sore throat and pulmonary abscess. The preparation has a good curative effect, and consists of the following medicaments in part by weight: 9 to 13 parts of fritillaria thunbergii, 10 to 15 parts of blackberrykiky rhizome, 15 to 17 parts of snakegourd fruit, 20 to 34 parts of indigowoad leaf, 15 to 20 parts of figwort root, 20 to 30 parts of root of red-rooted salvia, 20 to 30 parts of root of straight ladybell and 9 to 15 parts of Szechuan lovage rhizome. A preparation method for the preparation comprises the following steps of: crushing the medicaments independently, and mixing or mixing the medicaments, and crushing and stirring uniformly, killing bacteria, mites and ova by the conventional method, and decocting in water to prepare a Chinese medicinal preparation. One dose of decoction prepared by the method is taken once after breakfast and supper. The Chinese medicinal preparation is easy and convenient to take, does not have pain or side effect, and does not have contraindication when taken. Patients who suffer from light diseases do not have symptoms and are cured after taking 3 doses of the preparation, and patients who suffer from serious diseases can be cured after taking the preparation continuously for 6 days. In 200 clinical patients who take the preparation, 188 patients do not have the symptoms and are cured, and the cure rate is 94 percent; and the symptoms of other patients are relieved obviously due to the generation of a curative effect, and the effective rate is 100 percent.
Repaglinide lowers blood glucose levels by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas. This action is dependent upon functioning beta (ß) cells in the pancreatic islets. Insulin release is glucose-dependent and diminishes at low glucose concentrations. 

Repaglinide closes ATP-dependent potassium channels in the ß-cell membrane by binding at characterizable sites. This potassium channel blockade depolarizes the ß-cell, which leads to an opening of calcium channels. The resulting increased calcium influx induces insulin secretion. The ion channel mechanism is highly tissue selective with low affinity for heart and skeletal muscle.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new compound having potent α1 blocking action and serotonin-2 receptor antagonism, low in both toxicity and side effect, thus useful as a medicine for preventing/treating circulatory diseases such as hypertension and cardiac failure. SOLUTION: This compound is expressed by formula I  ring P is a pyrrole ring of formula II [A is an alkylene, alkenylene, etc.; Y is a group of formula III (W is CH, C=, etc.; B is O, S, carbonyl, etc.; (m) is 0 or 1; E1 and E2 are each H a lower alkyl; D is a (substituted) aromatic hydrocarbon group, etc.)]; dotted line indicates the presence or absence of a bond; Z1 and Z2 are each H, O, etc.; R is H, an alkyl, etc.}, e.g. benzyl-3-(3-pyrrolecarboxamido)propionate.  The compound of formula I is obtained by the following process: a compound of formula IV is treated with e.g. an inorganic salt and then reacted with a compound of the formula X-A-X' (X and X' are each an eliminable group) at 20 deg.C to the reflux temperature to effect conversion to a compound of formula V, which in turn is reacted with an N2 -contg. compound of the formula H-Y at room temperature to 150 deg.C in the presence of an alkali iodide together with, as necessary, an organic base such as triethylamine.
BACKGROUND / RATIONALE: Implementing collaborative care for depression in small rural Primary Care (PC) practices without on-site mental health specialists presents unique challenges. We adapted the collaborative care model using telemedicine (e.g., telephone, interactive video, electronic medical records) to support antidepressant therapy initiated by PC providers in small rural practices. The Telemedicine Enhanced Antidepressant Management (TEAM) collaborative care intervention was implemented by offsite personnel and all intervention components were implemented using telemedicine technologies. OBJECTIVE(S): Specific Aim 1: Determine whether the TEAM intervention improves quality and outcomes compared to usual care. Specific Aim 2: Determine whether the TEAM intervention will be cost-effective in routine practice settings. METHODS: Seven VISN 16 CBOCs participated in the study. CBOCs were included if they 1) treated \>1,000 and \<5,000 unique veterans, 2) had no on-site psychiatrists, and 3) had interactive video equipment. Matched CBOCs were randomized to receive the intervention or usual care. Of the 24,882 clinic patients, 73.6% (n=18,306) were successfully screened and 6.9% screened positive for depression (PHQ9 =12). Of those eligible for the study, 91.3% agreed to participate, and 91.9% of those attended their appointment and were consented. Over an 18-month period, 395 patients were enrolled, and 91.1% (n=360) were followed-up at six months. Telephone research interviews were conducted at baseline, six and twelve months. Effectiveness was tested using an intent-to-treat analysis. Cost-effectiveness analysis was assessed from the perspective of the VA. Costs included intervention costs, encounter costs, and medication costs. Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) were calculated using the Quality of Well Being Scale.
Patients with an even birthdate (e.g. April 14) who have a MYchart account will receive a regular text message and e-mail appointment reminder with a vaccine primer (e.g. "Vaccines are due and reserved for the participant's child"), but no patient- or provider-facing CDS.
PURPOSE:To obtain a bath agent containing an ionic enzyme as an active component and extremely good for health, by putting crushed green tuff in an inner bag made of double-layered cotton cloth and covering the bag with a mesh nylon cloth. CONSTITUTION:Green tuff 3 crushed to granules is put into the inner bag made of double-layered cotton cloth 2, the cotton cloth bag 2 is covered with a mesh nylon cloth, and the circumference edge of the hylon cloth is stitched by feather- stitch to obtain the objective ionic enzymatic bath agent. The escape of element coarser than 1,000 mesh can be prevented by the use of double-layered cotton cloth as the inner bag and, furthermore, the agent is soluble in water with little generation of precipitate without cousing the clouding of water and has improved absorbability. The human filth, fur and decayed smell can be adsorbed by the hydrogen ion exchange activity of the green tuff. The durability of the action is prolonged by the cotton cloth and the nylon net is effective to prevent the breakage of the cotton cloth during use. An ionic enzymatic bath can be prepared simply by immersing the bag in bath water and the effect of a bag (containing 200g of green tuff) lasts for about 100 days.
Obesity, characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat, is a prevalent metabolic disorder that poses a significant global health concern. Triphala, an herbal combination consisting of Phyllanthus emblica Linn, Terminalia chebula Retz, and Terminalia bellerica (Gaertn) Roxb, has emerged as a potential solution for addressing concerns related to obesity. This study aimed to investigate the network pharmacology and molecular docking of Triphala to identify its bioactive ingredients and their interactions with pathways associated with obesity. The bioactive compounds present in Triphala and genes linked to obesity were identified, followed by an analysis of the protein-protein interaction networks. Enrichment analysis, including Gene Ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, was conducted. Prominent genes and compounds were selected for further investigation through molecular docking studies. The study revealed a close correlation between obesity and the AKT1 and PPARG genes. The observed binding energy between beta-sitosterol, 7-dehydrosigmasterol, peraksine, α-amyrin, luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol, ellagic acid, and phyllanthin with AKT1 and PPARG indicated a favorable binding affinity. In conclusion, nine compounds showed promise in regulating these genes for obesity prevention and management. Further research is required to validate their specific effects.
The microencapsulation of water-soluble active ingredients using the principle of phase separation comprises (a) preparing a soln. of a biocompatible polymer in an organic solvent; (b) adding an aq. soln. or dispersion of one or more active ingredients to the soln. from (a); (c) adding a coacervation agent to the emulsion or dispersion from (b); (d) adding the mixt. from (c) to excess hardening agent which is a natural or synthetic ester of satd. 4-18C carboxylic acids and polyvalent alcohols; and (e) collecting and washing the microcapsules.
Subjects will apply a thin layer of GSK2894512 1% (10 milligrams per gram \[mg/g\]) topical cream once daily to all psoriasis lesions for 12 weeks. The study staff will instruct subjects on proper topical application of cream.