anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Inhaling polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) aerosol, a broad-spectrum disinfectant, can lead to severe pulmonary fibrosis. Ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death triggered by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, is believed to play a role in the chemical-induced pulmonary injury. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of ferroptosis in the progression of PHMG-induced pulmonary fibrosis. C57BL/6 J mice and the alveolar type II cell line MLE-12 were used to evaluate the toxicity of PHMG in vivo and in vitro, respectively. The findings indicated that iron deposition was observed in PHMG induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model and ferroptosis related genes have changed after 8 weeks PHMG exposure. Additionally, there were disturbances in the antioxidant system and mitochondrial damage in MLE-12 cells following a 12-hour treatment with PHMG. Furthermore, the study observed an increase in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in GPX4 activity in MLE-12 cells after exposure to PHMG. Moreover, pretreatment with the ferroptosis inhibitors Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) and Liproxstatin-1 (Lip-1) not only restored the antioxidant system and GPX4 activity but also mitigated lipid peroxidation. Current data exhibit the role of ferroptosis pathway in PHMG-induced pulmonary fibrosis and provide a potential target for future treatment.
Nine meetings delivered in either group (5 meetings), individual (1 meeting), or family group (2 meetings) formats over 10 weeks with an additional individual meeting 10-12 weeks postpartum by a trained mother in the community. Each meeting focuses on the girl's physical and mental health, taking care of a newborn, life skills, future-planning and social support and community-based services. Meetings will take place in a mixture of private settings in health facilities, community facilities, and participant homes. Adolescents will also receive usual perinatal care.
AIMS: Many patients with heart failure (HF) have chronic kidney disease (CKD) and may not tolerate mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. We investigated the efficacy and safety of the novel mineralocorticoid receptor modulator balcinrenone in combination with dapagliflozin in a phase 2b study.
METHODS AND RESULTS: From January 2021 to October 2023, we randomized 133 adults with symptomatic HF, ejection fraction <60%, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥30 to ≤60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥30 to <3000 mg/g, to receive balcinrenone 15, 50 or 150 mg/day plus dapagliflozin 10 mg/day, or dapagliflozin 10 mg/day plus placebo, for 12 weeks. Enrolment was stopped early because of slow recruitment. Relative reductions in UACR from baseline to week 12 (primary endpoint) were not significantly different between the balcinrenone plus dapagliflozin groups versus dapagliflozin plus placebo. There was no clear balcinrenone dose-response relationship. There were possible dose-dependent increases in serum potassium levels, reduced eGFR in the highest dose group, and non-significant trends towards reduced N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels. Hyperkalaemia adverse events led to discontinuation in two participants receiving balcinrenone plus dapagliflozin and none in those receiving dapagliflozin plus placebo.
CONCLUSION: While the smaller than planned sample size limits interpretation, we did not see significant reduction in UACR in patients treated with balcinrenone plus dapagliflozin compared with dapagliflozin plus placebo.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a medicine eliciting production of antibody exhibiting complement-mediated bactericidal activity and/or opsonic activity against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B bacterium.  <P>SOLUTION: Molecular mimetics of a surface-exposed epitope on loop 4 of PorA of N. meningitidis serogroup B (MenB) P1.2 serosubtype and antibodies produced against the mimetics are disclosed. Peptide GNA33 containing the amino sequence QTP is also disclosed. The peptide can induce production of antibodies eliciting complement-mediated bactericidal activity and/or opsonic activity against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B bacterium. Compositions containing such molecular mimetics or the antibodies thereto can be used to prevent MenB disease, as well as for diagnosis of MenB infection.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Levocarnitine oral solution is for oral/internal use only.

Not for parenteral use.

Gastrointestinal reactions may result from a too rapid consumption of carnitine. Levocarnitine oral solution may be consumed alone, or dissolved in drinks or other liquid foods to reduce taste fatigue. They should be consumed slowly and doses should be spaced evenly throughout the day to maximize tolerance.

The safety and efficacy of oral levocarnitine have not been evaluated in patients with renal insufficiency. Chronic administration of high doses of oral levocarnitine in patients with severely compromised renal function or in ESRD patients on dialysis may result in accumulation of the potentially toxic metabolites, trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), since these metabolites are normally excreted in the urine.
PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical outcomes of lower trapezius transfer (LTT) for patients with functionally irreparable rotator cuff tears (FIRCT) and summarize the available literature regarding complications and reoperations.
METHODS: After registration in the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO [CRD42022359277]), a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was performed. Inclusion criteria were English, full-length, peer-reviewed publications with a level of evidence IV or higher reporting on clinical outcomes of LTT for FIRCT. Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus via Elsevier databases were searched. Clinical data, complications and revisions were systematically recorded.
RESULTS: Seven studies with 159 patients were identified. The mean age range was 52 to 63 years, 70.4% of the patients included were male, and the mean follow-up time ranged between 14 and 47 months. At final follow-up, LTT lead to improvements in range of motion, with reported forward elevation (FE) and external rotation (ER) mean gains of 10° to 66° and 11° to 63°, respectively. ER lag was present before surgery in 78 patients and was reversed after LTT in all shoulders. Patient-reported outcomes were improved at final follow-up, including the American Shoulder and Elbow Society score, Shoulder Subjective Value and Visual Analogue Scale. The overall complication rate was 17.6%, and the most reported complication was posterior harvest site seroma/hematoma (6.3%). The most common reoperation was conversion to reverse shoulder arthroplasty (5%) with an overall reoperation rate of 7.5%.
CONCLUSIONS: Lower trapezius transfer improves clinical outcomes in patients with irreparable rotator cuff tears with a rate of complications and reoperations comparable to other surgical alternatives in this group of patients. Increases in forward flexion and ER are to be expected, as well as a reversal of ER lag sign when present before surgery.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, systematic review of Level III-IV studies.
The placebo will be ingested 30 min. prior to breakfast from diagnosis of GDM (around week 28) and until delivery.
The health education group will follow the "HEY-Durham" health program designed by researchers at Duke University. This program, designed to be delivered to youth attending community high schools, was adapted to a 12-week program for adolescent military dependents.
PURPOSE: Timely and accurate triage of upper extremity injuries is critical, but current perfusion monitoring technologies have shortcomings. These limitations are especially pronounced in patients with darker skin tones. This pilot study evaluates a Eulerian Video Magnification (EVM) algorithm combined with color channel waveform extraction to enable video-based measurement of hand and finger perfusion.
METHODS: Videos of 10 volunteer study participants with Fitzpatrick skin types III-VI were taken in a controlled environment during normal perfusion and tourniquet-induced ischemia. Videos were EVM processed, and red/green/blue color channel characteristics were extracted to produce waveforms. These videos were assessed by surgeons with a range of expertise in hand injuries. The videos were randomized and presented in 1 of 3 ways: unprocessed, EVM processed, and EVM with waveform output (EVM+waveform). Survey respondents indicated whether the video showed an ischemic or perfused hand or if they were unable to tell. We used group comparisons to evaluate response accuracy across video types, skin tones, and respondent groups.
RESULTS: Of the 51 providers to whom the surveys were sent, 25 (49%) completed them. Using the Pearson χ2 test, the frequencies of correct responses were significantly higher in the EVM+waveform category than in the unprocessed or EVM videos. Additionally, the agreement was higher among responses to the EVM+waveform questions than among responses to the unprocessed or EVM processed. The accuracy and agreement from the EVM+waveform group were consistent across all skin pigmentations evaluated.
CONCLUSIONS: Video-based EVM processing combined with waveform extraction from color channels improved the surgeon's ability to identify tourniquet-induced finger ischemia via video across all skin types tested.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Eulerian Video Magnification with waveform extraction improved the assessment of perfusion in the distal upper extremity and has potential future applications, including triage, postsurgery vascular assessment, and telemedicine.
The patellofemoral joint (PFJ) consists of two bony components, the patella and the femoral trochlea, sharing the same joint surface (1). It may be prone to instability, that is when the patella dislocates, usually on the lateral side of the knee. The incidence of primary patellar dislocation has been reported to be 5.8 cases per 100,000 in the general population, with the highest incidence occurring in the 2nd decade of life (29 per 100,000) (2). Patellar instability can be classified as traumatic, when the dislocation is caused by an external force, or nontraumatic, when native anatomy of the knee predisposes to instability. Non-operative treatment is usually taken into account for first episode of lateral patellar dislocation, unless the presence of loose bodies is verified, and consists of knee immobilization, physical therapy, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) administration (3). Recurrence rate after conservative management can be up to 15-44% and patients with a clinical history of two or more dislocations have a 50% chance of recurrent dislocation episodes (4). Recurrent instability is a multifactorial problem that rely on limb alignment, bone anatomy of the patella and the trochlear groove, soft-tissue constraints, especially the medial patello-femoral ligament (MPFL). The management of recurrent patellar instability is difficult for many reasons, including heterogeneous patient population, skeletal maturity, challenging surgical approach and lack of long-term and robust clinical outcome studies (5,6). Radiologic evaluation should study the three principal factors of instability: trochlear dysplasia, abnormal patellar height, pathological tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance (7). Patellar height can be easily assessed, through standard lateral view radiographs. Several indexes for studying and calculating patellar height have been described in the literature (8-10). In patellar instability, the use of Caton-Deschamps index CDI to measure patellar height one of the most employed. Specifically, CDI relies upon the length of the articular surface of the patella and its distance from the tibia. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the reliability and reproducibility of CDI in measuring patellar height for planning patella stabilization surgery. The secondary target is to hypothesize a quantitative method of preoperative planning for anterior tibial apophysis transposition surgery, by calculating CDI.
Participants received a subcutaneous injection of high dose LY3471851 every 2 weeks from weeks 0 to 12. Week 12 responders entered the maintenance period and continued with the same treatment. Week 12 non-responders entered the extension period where they received subcutaneous injection of high dose LY3471851 every 2 weeks up to week 50. At week 26, extension period non-responders were discontinued from treatment. Post-treatment, participants entered follow-up period and were observed for 6 weeks for safety.
BACKGROUND: Stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation (STAR) is a therapeutic option for ventricular tachycardia (VT) where catheter-based ablation is not feasible or has previously failed. Target definition and its transfer from electro-anatomic maps (EAM) to radiotherapy treatment planning systems (TPS) is challenging and operator-dependent. Software solutions have been developed to register EAM with cardiac CT and semi-automatically transfer 2D target surface data into 3D CT volume coordinates. Results of a cross-validation study of two conceptually different software solutions using data from the RAVENTA trial (NCT03867747) are reported.
METHODS: Clinical Target Volumes (CTVs) were created from target regions delineated on EAM using two conceptually different approaches by separate investigators on data of 10 patients, blinded to each other's results. Targets were transferred using 3D-3D registration and 2D-3D registration, respectively. The resulting CTVs were compared in a core-lab using two complementary analysis software packages for structure similarity and geometric characteristics.
RESULTS: Volumes and surface areas of the CTVs created by both methods were comparable: 14.88 ± 11.72 ml versus 15.15 ± 11.35 ml and 44.29 ± 33.63 cm2 versus 46.43 ± 35.13 cm2. The Dice-coefficient was 0.84 ± 0.04; median surface-distance and Hausdorff-distance were 0.53 ± 0.37 mm and 6.91 ± 2.26 mm, respectively. The 3D-center-of-mass difference was 3.62 ± 0.99 mm. Geometrical volume similarity was 0.94 ± 0.05 %.
CONCLUSION: The STAR targets transferred from EAM to TPS using both software solutions resulted in nearly identical 3D structures. Both solutions can be used for QA (quality assurance) and EAM-to-TPS transfer of STAR-targets. Semi-automated methods could potentially help to avoid mistargeting in STAR and offer standardized workflows for methodically harmonized treatments.
The American Heart Association has identified obesity as a primary impediment to ongoing improvements in cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. Although drugs, exercise, diets, and surgeries can each cause weight loss, few subjects maintain a reduced weight over the long term. Dysfunctional integrative control (ie, adaptation) of resting metabolic rate (RMR) appears to underlie this failed weight maintenance, yet the neurobiology of physiological and pathophysiological RMR control is poorly understood. Here, we review recent insights into the cellular and molecular control of RMR by Ang-II (angiotensin II) signaling within the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. Within a unique subset of agouti-related peptide neurons, AT1R (Ang-II type 1 receptors) are implicated in the integrative control of RMR. Furthermore, a spontaneous G protein signal switch of AT1R within this neuron type appears to underlie the pathogenesis of RMR adaptation by qualitatively changing the cellular response to AT1R activation from a β-arrestin-1/Gαi (heterotrimeric G protein, α i subtype)-mediated inhibitory response to a Gαq (heterotrimeric G protein, α q subtype)-mediated stimulatory response. We conclude that therapeutic approaches to obesity are likely hampered by the plasticity of the signaling mechanisms that mediate the normal integrative control of energy balance. The same stimulus that would increase RMR in the normal physiological state may decrease RMR during obesity due to qualitative changes in second-messenger coupling. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate interactions between receptors such as AT1R and its various second messenger signaling cascades will provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of RMR adaptation and potentially point toward new therapeutic approaches for obesity and hypertension.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject mesophyll capable of providing a cosmetic having reduced irritation to the skin, excellent humectance, excellently improving action on rough skin, etc., by cleaning an aloe mesophyll with an organic solvent. SOLUTION: This aloe mesophyll is obtained by cleaning an aloe mesophyll with an organic solvent, preferably ethanol. Only a mesophyll part from which leaves and skin are removed from an aloe such as Aloe barbadensis is used as the aloe and the thinly cut mesophyll is preferably used. For example, an aloe mesophyll is cleaned with ethanol in an amount of 2/3 weight of the aloe mesophyll and further cleaned once to three times. After the cleaning, the aloe mesophyll is, if required, subjected to a treatment such as drying, grinding, pasting, etc. In the case of the mesophyll as a cosmetic, the amount of the aloe mesophyll added is about 0.01-20 wt.% based on the total composition. The composition is preferably mixed with various kinds of oils and fats, waxes, etc., if necessary.
LGG® (Culturelle Probiotic LGG®) will be used. This is the product we have used in the past and for which we have demonstrated safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy. For the LGG® instillation in response to trigger symptoms, participants will be instructed to mix the contents of 1 LGG® capsule into 45 cc sterile 0.9% saline. After mixing, participants will draw up the 45cc liquid LGG® mixture into a 60cc syringe and instill via the intermittent catheter after the last catheterization prior to going to bed. Participants will be asked to return any remaining capsules at the end of the study. Participants will be instructed to complete the USQNB-IC at the time of symptoms (in real time) and daily during instillations for 2 days after the final instillation. Subjects will remain in this phase 6 months.
The present invention relates to novel regulatory T cell proteins. One protein, designated PD-L3, resembles members of the PD-L1 family, and co-stimulates αCD3 proliferation of T cells in vitro. A second, TNF-like, protein has also been identified as being upregulated upon αCD3/αGITR stimulation. This protein has been designated T reg -sTNF. Proteins, antibodies, activated T cells and methods for using the same are disclosed. 
     In particular methods of using these proteins and compounds, preferably antibodies, which bind or modulate (agonize or antagonize) the activity of these proteins, as immune modulators and for the treatment of cancer, autoimmune disease, allergy, infection and inflammatory conditions, e.g. multiple sclerosis is disclosed
The DiaMonT trial is an open-label randomized controlled trial with a trial period of three months conducted. The trial will be conducted in two sites in Denmark: Steno Diabetes Center North Jutland and Steno Diabetes Center Zealand. Patients with T2D on insulin therapy will be randomized (1:1) to a telemonitoring group (intervention) or a usual care group (control). The telemonitoring group will use an insulin pen, an activity tracker, a CGM, and a smartphone application throughout the trial period. Hospital staff (lab technicians and nurses) will monitor the telemonitoring groups' data and contact the subjects by telephone repeatedly throughout the trial period. The usual care group will use a blinded CGM the first and last 20 days of the trial and will use a blinded insulin pen for the entire period. The usual care groups' data will not be monitored during the trial.
BACKGROUND: Effective testing for malaria, including the detection of infections at very low densities, is vital for the successful elimination of the disease. Unfortunately, existing methods are either inexpensive but poorly sensitive or sensitive but costly. Recent studies have shown that mid-infrared spectroscopy coupled with machine learning (MIRs-ML) has potential for rapidly detecting malaria infections but requires further evaluation on diverse samples representative of natural infections in endemic areas. The aim of this study was, therefore, to demonstrate a simple AI-powered, reagent-free, and user-friendly approach that uses mid-infrared spectra from dried blood spots to accurately detect malaria infections across varying parasite densities and anaemic conditions.
METHODS: Plasmodium falciparum strains NF54 and FCR3 were cultured and mixed with blood from 70 malaria-free individuals to create various malaria parasitaemia and anaemic conditions. Blood dilutions produced three haematocrit ratios (50%, 25%, 12.5%) and five parasitaemia levels (6%, 0.1%, 0.002%, 0.00003%, 0%). Dried blood spots were prepared on Whatman™ filter papers and scanned using attenuated total reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) for machine-learning analysis. Three classifiers were trained on an 80%/20% split of 4655 spectra: (I) high contrast (6% parasitaemia vs. negative), (II) low contrast (0.00003% vs. negative) and (III) all concentrations (all positive levels vs. negative). The classifiers were validated with unseen datasets to detect malaria at various parasitaemia levels and anaemic conditions. Additionally, these classifiers were tested on samples from a population survey in malaria-endemic villages of southeastern Tanzania.
RESULTS: The AI classifiers attained over 90% accuracy in detecting malaria infections as low as one parasite per microlitre of blood, a sensitivity unattainable by conventional RDTs and microscopy. These laboratory-developed classifiers seamlessly transitioned to field applicability, achieving over 80% accuracy in predicting natural P. falciparum infections in blood samples collected during the field survey. Crucially, the performance remained unaffected by various levels of anaemia, a common complication in malaria patients.
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the AI-driven mid-infrared spectroscopy approach holds promise as a simplified, sensitive and cost-effective method for malaria screening, consistently performing well despite variations in parasite densities and anaemic conditions. The technique simply involves scanning dried blood spots with a desktop mid-infrared scanner and analysing the spectra using pre-trained AI classifiers, making it readily adaptable to field conditions in low-resource settings. In this study, the approach was successfully adapted to field use, effectively predicting natural malaria infections in blood samples from a population-level survey in Tanzania. With additional field trials and validation, this technique could significantly enhance malaria surveillance and contribute to accelerating malaria elimination efforts.
Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is used in vitro to stimulate production of large numbers of bone marrow stromal cells which are useful as feeder cells for generating hemopoietic progenitor cells in cultured bone marrow. Basic FGF is also used directly in whole bone marrow culture to increase the numbers of hemopoietic progenitor cells. Bone marrow cells cultured under the influence of bFGF are used for autologous or allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. To accelerate the rate of bone marrow engraftment bFGF is administered together with one or more colony stimulating factors to a bone marrow transplant recipient. Alternatively, or additionally, bFGF is administered to a bone marrow donor to increase the concentration of hemopoietic progenitor cells present in the donated bone marrow. Basic FGF is also administered to subjects with aplastic conditions in order to stimulate endogenous cytokines such as colony stimulating factors and interleukins.