anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
An Electronic system (1) comprises an inhaler device (2) for dispensing a medicament formulation in aerosol or dry powder form and an external device (3) which is configured to receive data communicated from the inhaler device (2). The inhaler device (2) comprises a mouthpiece (10) and a flow rate sensor (17) for sensing a flow rate of an inhalation flow which is caused by a patient upon inhalation through the mouthpiece (10) and in which the medicament formulation is entrained or dispensed. The inhaler device (2) further comprises an actuation sensing device (15) having at least one actuation sensor (16) which is configured to sense preparatory steps of the inhaler device (2) in order to prepare a use of the inhaler device (2) and/or to sense the actuation of the inhaler device (2) in order to dispense the medicament formulation. The actuation sensor (16) and the flow rate (17) sensor are configured to generate sensor signals.The inhaler device (2) further comprises a wireless transmitting unit (18) for communicating data related to the sensor signals to the external device (3). The electronic system (1) further comprises an instruction unit (18) configured to generate visual, tactile and/or acoustic instructions in order to support the patient during use of the inhaler device (2). The electronic system (1) further comprises an evaluation unit (20) for evaluating the sensor signals and/or the communicated data. The evaluation unit (20) is configured to evaluate the use of the inhaler device (2) by comparing measurements taken by the sensors (16, 17) with the instructions given to the patient and/or with predefined data.The evaluation unit (20) is further configured to autonomously adapt the timing and/or the content of the instructions in order to ensure that the measurements taken by the sensors (16, 17) correspond to a use of the inhaler device (2) by the patient according to the predefined data. Moreover the evaluation unit (20) is configured to verify whether the adaptation of the timing and/or the content of the instructions leads to a use of the inhaler device (2) by the patient according to the predefined data during a subsequent use of the inhaler device (2) by comparing measurements taken by the sensors (16, 17) during the subsequent use of the inhaler device (2) with the predefined data. The evaluation unit (20) is also configured to evaluate how single adaptations of the instructions in timing and/or content impact on the individual use of the inhaler device (2) by the patient by comparing measurements taken by the sensors (16, 17) during the subsequent use of the inhaler device (2) with measurements taken from the sensors (16, 17) during the previous use of the inhaler device (2).
IQSEC2 gene on chromosome Xq11.22 encodes a member of guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) protein that is implicated in the activation of ADP-ribosylation factors (Arfs) at the postsynaptic density (PSD), and plays a crucial role in synaptic transmission and dendritic spine formation. Alterations in IQSEC2 have been linked to X-linked intellectual developmental disorders including epilepsy and behavioral abnormalities. Of interest, truncating variants at the C-terminus of IQSEC2 can cause severe phenotypes, akin to truncating variants located in other regions. Here, we present a 5-year-old boy with severe intellectual disability and progressive epilepsy. The individual carried a nonsense variant p.Q1227* in the last exon of the IQSEC2 gene that was supposed to escape nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, thereby leading to a translation of C-terminus truncated IQSEC2 protein with residual activity. The functional analyses showed that the GEF activity of IQSEC2 Q1227* was compromised, and that the IQSEC2 Q1227* lacked preferential synaptic localization due to the absence of functional domains for binding to scaffolding proteins in the PSD. The impaired GEF activity and disrupted synaptic localization of the mutant IQSEC2 protein could impact dendritic and spine development in neurons, potentially explaining the patient's severe neurological manifestations. Our findings indicate that C-terminal truncations in IQSEC2, previously not well-characterized, may have significant pathogenic implications.
PURPOSE: An egg yolk antibody obtained by immunizing an animal against Edwardsiella tarda as a causative agent of bacterial disease of a cultured eel is provided. The antibody inhibits infection with Edwardsiella tarda and thus can be used as a preventing agent for Edwardsiella tarda infectious disease. In particular, it exhibits excellent controlling effects when applied to the eel. CONSTITUTION: An antibody against Edwardsiella tarda is injected to an animal such as birds to immunize, thereafter, an egg is obtained from the immunized animal. The antibody is selected from the group consisting of a crushed Edwardsiella tarda biomass, Edwardsiella tarda inactivated biomass, Edwardsiella tarda attenuated biomass and Edwardsiella tarda protein. A composition for controlling Edwardsiella tarda infection contains the antibody against Edwardsiella tarda or the egg.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between cognitive functioning and psychopathological features in Functional/Dissociative Seizures (FDS), and test whether this differs from that observed in epilepsy.
METHODS: We recruited a cross-sectional sample of adults (age > 18) with a diagnosis of non-lesional epilepsy or FDS between January 2021 and July 2022 (n = 73). Participants completed a series of psychiatric questionnaires and neuropsychological measures. Spearman's Correlation Coefficient was computed between each of the psychiatric and cognitive measures in each group. Fisher's Z test of significance for independent correlation coefficients then tested the significance of the difference between correlation coefficients for the two groups.
RESULTS: There were no group differences in neuropsychological test scores. However, people with FDS reported higher seizure severity, depression levels, number of medically unexplained somatic symptoms, and exposure to traumatic events compared to epilepsy. Results of the Fisher's Z-test revealed significant differences in correlation coefficients between groups in two instances. First, in the association between the number of traumatic experiences and cognitive switching (z = 2.77, p = 0.006); the number of traumatic experiences were positively associated with cognitive switching in epilepsy but showed a non-significant negative trend in FDS. Secondly, in the association between vocabulary abilities and the number of medically unexplained symptoms (z = -2.71; p = 0.007); higher vocabulary ability was associated with fewer somatic symptoms in epilepsy, while no such correlation was observed in FDS.
SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides preliminary evidence for the complex interplay between cognitive functioning and psychopathology in FDS and epilepsy. Neurocognitive functioning such as vocabulary abilities or attentional switching may play a role in the expression or maintenance of pathological features of FDS.
Antacid preparations in the form of small (1-10 m ), substantially spherical particles comprising particles of water-insoluble antacids coated with a dry, uniform covering of the solid content of skim or whole milk are prepared by dispersing the insoluble material in skim, whole milk or skim milk to which hydrogenated oils have been added optionally in the presence of a non-ionic surface active agent and "atomizing" the dispersion e.g. by spray-drying.  Specified antacids are magnesium oxide, carbonate and trisilicate; aluminium hydroxide (dry gel), aluminium phosphate (gel), aluminium dihydroxyaminoacetate, aluminium basic carbonate; calcium carbonate, aluminium hydroxide-magnesium carbonate co-precipitate and the basic nitrate, carbonate and gallate of bismuth and anionic resins e.g. polyamidemethylene resin NNR.  Specified surface active agents are polyoxyethylene stearate, laurate, sorbitan mono-oleate and sorbitan monolaurate.  Other substances which may be present are natural and synthetic gums, protein hydrolysates, laxatives e.g. liquid extracts of frangula, cascara, rhubarb and senna, and synthetic laxatives, antioxidants e.g. ascorbic and trisodium citrate, tert-butyl hydroxy anisole, tocophenols, citric acid, lecithins, excipients e.g. sucrose, dextrose, maltose, dextrin, flavours and sweetening agents. The spray dried powders may be tableted.
Sporadic bilateral renal cell carcinoma (BRCC) is a rare situation of RCC. The treatment for BRCC is controversial and there is a lack of authoritative guidelines about the management of BRCC. This cohort study aims to identify prognostic factors, construct predictive nomograms, and optimize surgical treatment for sporadic BRCC patients. The main questions it aims to answer are:

What are the factors influencing the prognosis of BRCC patients? What's the appropriate treatment for BRCC patients? In this retrospective population-based cohort study, patients diagnosed with sporadic BRCC between 2000 and 2020 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Researchers will analysis the prognostic factors and compare the prognosis of BRCC patients receiving different treatments.
The lower common bile duct and the hepatic hilar area are the origin of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC). Patients with advanced, unresectable EHCC have a relatively poor prognosis, with a median survival time of 3 to 6 months. The only way to prolong stent patency and survival for patients with unresectable locally advanced EHCC is by active control of tumor development. The only treatment that has consistently demonstrated an improvement in stent patency and overall survival (OS) in cholangiocarcinoma patients is photodynamic therapy (PDT). The popularity of endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP)-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has grown recently in an effort to increase stent patency and survival time for patients with malignant biliary obstruction.RFA for biliary cholangiocarcinoma has demonstrated safety and effectiveness. Endoscopic RFA has been shown in various studies to prolong stent patency and the survival of patients with malignant biliary obstruction. The clinical effectiveness and adverse events of these two endoscopic treatments have not been compared in many papers.
BACKGROUND: Almost a quarter of children and young people (CYP) in England have a long-term health condition (LTC), which increases the risk of developing mental health difficulties. There is a lack of understanding regarding the routine provision and efficacy of mental health interventions for CYP with LTCs within Children and Young People's Mental Health Services (CYPMHS).
METHODS: This study analysed national service-reported data in England from two secondary datasets. Data were submitted by services between 2011 and 2019. We evaluated data on the presence or absence of a serious physical health or neurological issue, and which interventions were offered.
RESULTS: A total of 789 CYP had serious physical health issues and 635 had neurological issues. The most common interventions delivered to CYP in either group have some evidence in the literature. Most CYP showed improvements across a range of outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: This study found that prevalence rates and psychological intervention and outcome data were widely under-reported across both datasets, posing questions about their utility for this population. Such data would benefit from triangulation with data from other sources to understand pathways of care for these young people and the extent to which clinical datasets underreport the number of CYP with LTCs.
A digital tutorial consisting of a curriculum dashboard for review of 20 modules, including videos, PDFs, text and quizzes, which are to be unlocked sequentially over seven weeks. Modules remain available during the 6-month study timeframe. Participants receive weekly contact encouraging engagement in all of the materials available to them.
Human recombinant ACE2 (hrACE2) has been highly anticipated as a successful COVID-19 treatment; however, its potential to cause cardiac side effects has given rise to many concerns. Here, we developed a cardiotoxicity-eliminated hrACE2 variant, which had four mutation sites within hrACE2 (H345L, H374L, H378L, H505L) and was named as hrACE2-4mu. hrACE2-4mu has a consistent binding affinity with the variant SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins (SPs) and an efficient ability to block SP-induced SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells. In golden hamsters, injection of purified wild-type (WT) hrACE2 rescues the early stages of pneumonia caused by the SPs of the WT, delta, and omicron variants with reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. However, long-term injection of WT hrACE2 induces undesired cardiac fibrosis, as demonstrated by upregulated fibronectin and collagen expression. Our newly developed hrACE2-4mu showed similar protective abilities against a series of coronavirus cell invasions as WT hrACE2, meanwhile it did not cause apparent cardiac side effects. Thus, we generated a cardiotoxicity-eliminated variant of hrACE2 as a pan-inhibitor against coronavirus cell invasion, providing a potential novel strategy for the treatment of COVID-19 and other coronaviruses.
Four implants will be placed in the edentulous mandible following all on four surgical protocol. After 3 months as a healing phase, a definitive prosthesis will be fabricated after ensuring the complete osseointegration of all implants. Provisional restorations will be removed, and final impressions will be taken for each patient using addition silicon impression materials. Framework will be constructed using either Cobalt Chromium (Co-Cr) or Poly Ether Ether Ketone (PEEK) according to the randomization process. Jaw relation and try-in will be done to ensure the correct centric relation. Final prosthesis is then screwed to the abutments and the screw hole channels are closed with composite resin restorations. Occlusal adjustments will be done after the delivery and in the subsequent follow up visit. Prosthetic complications (primary outcome) and biological considerations (secondary outcome) will be measured every 3 months along the follow up period which is one year.
Newly formed leaky vessels and blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage are present in demyelinating acute and chronic lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). However, the endothelial cell subtypes and signaling pathways contributing to these leaky neovessels are unclear. Here, using single-cell transcriptional profiling and in vivo validation studies, we show that venous endothelial cells express neoangiogenesis gene signatures and show increased proliferation resulting in enlarged veins and higher venous coverage in acute and chronic EAE lesions in female adult mice. These changes correlate with the upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) signaling. We also confirmed increased expression of neoangiogenic markers in acute and chronic human MS lesions. Treatment with a VEGF-A blocking antibody diminishes the neoangiogenic transcriptomic signatures and vascular proliferation in female adult mice with EAE, but it does not restore BBB function or ameliorate EAE pathology. Our data demonstrate that venous endothelial cells contribute to neoangiogenesis in demyelinating neuroinflammatory conditions.
Rates of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as type 2 diabetes are escalating in low and middle-income countries such as Brazil. Scalable primary care-based interventions are needed to improve self-management and clinical outcomes of adults with diabetes. This pilot study examines the feasibility, acceptability, and outcomes of training community health agents (CHAs) in Motivational Interviewing (MI)-based counseling for patients with poorly controlled diabetes in a primary care center in São Paulo, Brazil.

Nineteen salaried CHAs participated in 32 hours of training in MI and behavioral action planning. With support from booster training sessions, they used these skills in their regular monthly home visits over a 6 month period with 57 diabetes patients with baseline HbA1cs \> 7.0%. The primary outcome was patients' reports of the quality of diabetes care as measured by the Portuguese version of the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) scale. Secondary outcomes included changes in patients' reported diabetes self-management behaviors and in A1c, blood pressure, cholesterol and triglycerides. CHAs' fidelity to and experiences with the intervention were also assessed.
The ability to sequence entire exomes and genomes has revolutionized molecular testing in rare movement disorders, and genomic sequencing is becoming an integral part of routine diagnostic workflows for these heterogeneous conditions. However, interpretation of the extensive genomic variant information that is being generated presents substantial challenges. In this Perspective, we outline multidimensional strategies for genetic diagnosis in patients with rare movement disorders. We examine bioinformatics tools and computational metrics that have been developed to facilitate accurate prioritization of disease-causing variants. Additionally, we highlight community-driven data-sharing and case-matchmaking platforms, which are designed to foster the discovery of new genotype-phenotype relationships. Finally, we consider how multiomic data integration might optimize diagnostic success by combining genomic, epigenetic, transcriptomic and/or proteomic profiling to enable a more holistic evaluation of variant effects. Together, the approaches that we discuss offer pathways to the improved understanding of the genetic basis of rare movement disorders.
Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics and therapeutic effect of traumatic facial nerve palsy. Methods:Sixty-eight cases of traumatic facial nerve palsy were retrospectively analyzed from January 2015 to May 2023. Results:The median course of disease was 33 days. The facial nerve function of the patients was grade HB-Ⅱin 2 cases, grade HB-Ⅲ in 4 cases, grade HB-Ⅳin 16 cases, grade HB-Ⅴ in 37 cases(38 ears), and grade HB-Ⅵ in 9 cases. 42 cases occurred immediately after injury and 26 cases were delayed. CT examination of temporal bone revealed longitudinal fractures in 51 cases(52 ears) , transverse fractures in 6 cases and mixed fractures in 4 cases. No definite temporal bone fracture was found in the remaining 7 cases. The segments of facial nerve injury in 49 cases(50 ears) were geniculate ganglion and adjacent, in 7 cases were vertical segment, in 7 cases were horizontal segment, in 2 cases were horizontal segment and vertical segment; and the other 3 cases could not be evaluated. Conservative treatment with glucocorticoids was used in 23 ears and surgery was used in 46 ears. Patients were followed up 6-24 months after treatment, including 20 cases of grade HB-Ⅰ, 19 cases of grade HB-Ⅱ, 23 cases(24 ears) of grade HB-Ⅲ, 4 cases of grade HB-Ⅳ, and 1 case of grade HB-Ⅴ.One patient was lost to follow-up. After treatment, the facial nerve function of patients was significantly improved(P<0.05), and there were significant differences between conservative treatment group and surgical treatment group in the course of facial nerve palsy, the ratio of facial palsy immediately after injury, the nerve function before treatment and the nerve function after treatment(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in age, sex, hearing condition, temporal bone fracture, facial nerve injury segment and rate of favorable neurologic outcomes(P>0.05). The comparison of patients with neurodegeneration rate>90% and ≤90% showed that the facial nerve function of patients with neurodegeneration rate>90% before treatment was significantly worse(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the facial nerve function after treatment(P>0.05). There was no significant difference in facial nerve function between middle fossa approach group and mastoid approach group(P>0.05). Conclusion:Patients with traumatic facial nerve palsy should be evaluated individually. Patients with mild facial nerve palsy, low neurodegeneration rate and short course of disease can be treated conservatively and followed up closely. Patients with severe facial nerve palsy, high neurodegeneration rate and more than 6 weeks of disease can be actively considered surgery. Good prognosis can be obtained by correct evaluation and treatment.
A method of predicting severity of multiple sclerosis (MS) in an animal in a vivarium is described. Animal activity data is collected at multiple times during the night. Sequential time regions of the night are identified as high-activity, activity-drop, or low-activity regions. Embodiments are described to quantify a drop, during the night, of an animal's activity level. These quantified activity-drop scalars for consecutive nights are accumulated in an animal health dataset. Then, an MS severity index function is applied to this dataset that, in response to the level of activity change and the speed of activity change, predicts or measures severity of MS in the animal. One embodiment quantifies an activity-drop by fitting straight-line curves through the data in the three nightly regions. Another embodiment uses a Fourier transform on a circle and a linear combination. Another embodiment compares areas under data curves in the regions. Animals may be housed in cages with other animals.
Androgens, including Testosterone Undecanoate Capsules, can cause increase in hemoglobin or hematocrit, reflective of increase in red blood cell mass. Check hematocrit prior to initiating Testosterone Undecanoate Capsules. An increase in red blood cell mass may increase the risk of thromboembolic events [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]. Evaluate hematocrit approximately every 3 months while the patient is on Testosterone Undecanoate Capsules. If hematocrit becomes elevated, stop Testosterone Undecanoate Capsules until the hematocrit decreases to an acceptable concentration. If Testosterone Undecanoate Capsules is restarted and again causes hematocrit to become elevated, permanently discontinue Testosterone Undecanoate Capsules.
An information processing apparatus includes an image acquisition unit, a correspondence relation acquisition unit, an image transformation unit, a change calculation unit, and a statistics amount calculation unit. The image acquisition unit acquires a first image and a second image. The correspondence relation acquisition unit acquires a spatial correspondence relation between the first and the second images. The image transformation unit acquires a transformed image by transforming the second image to substantially coincide with the first image based on the spatial correspondence relation. The change calculation unit calculates a volume or area change between the transformed image and the second image based on the spatial correspondence relation. The statistics amount calculation unit calculates a statistics amount for pixel values of the transformed image based on the volume or area change.