anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Asthma and allergic diseases (such as allergic rhinitis) are multifactorial chronic respiratory diseases, and have many common pathogenic mechanisms. This study aimed to assess the joint effects of breastfeeding and genetic susceptibility on asthma, allergic disease in children and adolescents and sought to examine whether the effect of breastfeeding was consistent under distinct levels of genetic risk.
METHODS: A total of 351,931 UK Biobank participants were analyzed. Firstly, Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the relation between breastfeeding and asthma, allergic disease and their comorbidity. Next, we incorporated the polygenic risk score as an additional covariate into the model. Then, we explored the role of breastfeeding at each stage of asthma and allergic disease through a multi-state model. Meanwhile, several sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the robustness of our results. Finally, we calculated the attributable protection and population attributable protection of breastfeeding.
RESULTS: Breastfeeding was related to a reduced risk of occurring asthma (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.86 ~ 0.93), allergic disease (HR = 0.89, 95%CI 0.87 ~ 0.91) and comorbidity (HR = 0.89, 95%CI 0.83 ~ 0.94). The effect of breastfeeding was almost unchanged after considering PRS and did not substantially differ across distinct genetic risk levels. Breastfeeding showed a stronger risk-decreased impact on individuals who developed from allergic rhinitis to comorbidity (HR = 0.83, 95%CI 0.73 ~ 0.93). Further, the influence of breastfeeding was robust against covariates considered and the confounding influence of adolescent smoking. Finally, due to breastfeeding, 12.0%, 13.0% or 13.0% of the exposed population would not suffer from asthma, allergic diseases and the comorbidity, while 7.1%, 7.6% or 7.6% of the general population would not suffer from these diseases.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provided supportive evidence for the risk-reduced effect of breastfeeding on asthma, allergic diseases, and the comorbidity in children and adolescents, and further revealed that such an influence was consistent across distinct genetic risk levels.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reliable method for treating chronic rhinitis. SOLUTION: The method for securing treatment of infectious diseases in the nasal cavity comprises a step for permeating a gauze with antibiotics/antibacterial liquid preparation and squeezing it and a step for inserting it into the middle and inferior nasal meatuses with chronic rhinitis and leaving it therein for a period of time ranging from a few minutes to approximately two hours. The gauze permeated with the antibiotics/antibacterial preparation directly contacts with the target affected region of sore, lesion, abscesses or the like in the mucous membrane. The action of these drugs persists for a period of time ranging from a few minutes to approximately two hours by maintaining a drug concentration in the optimal state.  In addition, the gauze has the function of absorbing stains such as nasal mucus, pus, and blood on the affected region and also has the function of protecting the affected region. Since the treatment is confined within the target area, the onset of allergy is at low level and the allergy is capable of being treated over a long period. When this treatment is properly practiced, the therapy for infectious disease in the nasal cavity can effectively be carried out.
The functions of human Apolipoproteins L (APOLs) are poorly understood, but involve diverse activities like lysis of bloodstream trypanosomes and intracellular bacteria, modulation of viral infection and induction of apoptosis, autophagy, and chronic kidney disease. Based on recent work, I propose that the basic function of APOLs is the control of membrane dynamics, at least in the Golgi and mitochondrion. Together with neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS1) and calneuron-1 (CALN1), APOL3 controls the activity of phosphatidylinositol-4-kinase-IIIB (PI4KB), involved in both Golgi and mitochondrion membrane fission. Whereas secreted APOL1 induces African trypanosome lysis through membrane permeabilization of the parasite mitochondrion, intracellular APOL1 conditions non-muscular myosin-2A (NM2A)-mediated transfer of PI4KB and APOL3 from the Golgi to the mitochondrion under conditions interfering with PI4KB-APOL3 interaction, such as APOL1 C-terminal variant expression or virus-induced inflammatory signalling. APOL3 controls mitophagy through complementary interactions with the membrane fission factor PI4KB and the membrane fusion factor vesicle-associated membrane protein-8 (VAMP8). In mice, the basic APOL1 and APOL3 activities could be exerted by mAPOL9 and mAPOL8, respectively. Perspectives regarding the mechanism and treatment of APOL1-related kidney disease are discussed, as well as speculations on additional APOLs functions, such as APOL6 involvement in adipocyte membrane dynamics through interaction with myosin-10 (MYH10).
BACKGROUND: Psychosocial stressors at work, defined by the job strain and effort-reward imbalance at work (ERI) models, were shown to increase coronary heart disease risk. No previous study has examined the adverse effect of psychosocial stressors at work from both models on atrial fibrillation (AF) incidence. The objective of this study was to examine the separate and combined effect of psychosocial stressors at work from the job strain and ERI models on AF incidence in a prospective cohort study.
METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 5926 white-collar workers (3021 women and 2905 men) free of cardiovascular disease at baseline were followed for an average of 18 years. Job strain (high psychological demands combined with low decision latitude) and ERI were assessed using validated instruments. AF events were identified in medical databases with universal coverage. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs were estimated using Cox regression models, controlling for socioeconomic characteristics and lifestyle-related and clinical risk factors. A total of 186 AF incident events were identified over 18 years. Workers exposed to job strain (HR, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.14-2.92]) and ERI (HR, 1.44 [95% CI, 1.05-1.98]) had a higher risk of AF in fully adjusted models. Combined exposure to job strain and ERI was associated with a 2-fold AF risk increase (HR, 1.97 [95% CI, 1.26-3.07]).
CONCLUSIONS: Psychosocial stressors at work from the job strain and ERI models are associated with an increased risk of AF, separately and in combination. Workplace prevention strategies targeting these psychosocial stressors at work may be effective to reduce the burden associated with AF.
Will undergo secondhand cigarette smoke (SHS) exposure and conditioned, filtered air exposure. Each intervention will last 180 minutes, and each will take place one time, on one of 2 study visits, in random order.
The present invention relates to mammalian hematopoietic facilitatory cells (FC). In particular, it relates to the isolation, characterization and uses of the FC. The FC of the present invention can be distinguished from all other known bone marrow cells by their morphology, cell surface phenotype and in vivo function. It has now been established that purified hematopoietic stem cells alone or bone marrow cells depleted of FC do not readily engraft in a recipient. When co-administered with other bone marrow cells, especially the hematopoietic stem cells into a recipient, the FC  enhance their engraftment, without apparent adverse biologic activities. In fact, the ability of the FC to enhance the engraftment of bone marrow cells in establishing lymphohematopoietic chimerism without producing graft versus host disease also induces donor-specific tolerance to permit the permanent acceptance of donor's cells, tissues and organs. Therefore, FC may have a wide range of applications, including, but not limited to, hematopoietic reconstitution by bone marrow transplantation for the treatment of cancers, anemias, autoimmunity, immunodeficiency, viral infections and metabolic disorders as well as facilitation of solid organ, tissue and cellular transplantation.
BACKGROUND: Before the era of immunotherapies and antibody-drug conjugates, there were limited chemotherapeutic options for patients with recurrent and metastatic cervical cancer. Combination therapies with cisplatin have shown some superiority over monotherapy. This study examined platinum-free treatment regimens, comparing a combination of topotecan and paclitaxel (TP) with topotecan and cisplatin (TC) in patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer, with or without prior platinum-based treatment.
METHODS: The AGO-Zervix-1 Study (NCT01405235) is a prospective, randomized phase III study in which patients were randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to treatment within the control arm with topotecan (0.75 mg/m2) on days 1-3 and cisplatin (50 mg/m2) on day 1 every 3 weeks and in the study arm topotecan (1.75 mg/m2) and paclitaxel (70 mg/m2) on days 1, 8, and 15 every 4 weeks or treatment. The primary study aim was overall survival; progression-free survival, toxicity, and quality of life were secondary aims. The interim and final analysis is here reported after recruitment of 173 of 312 planned patients.
RESULTS: Median overall survival in the TP arm was 9.6 months, compared with 12.0 months in the TC arm (log-rank test, P = 0.33). Median progression-free survival rates were 4.4 months with TP and 4.2 months with TC (log-rank test, P = 0.47). Leukopenia and nausea/vomiting were more frequent in the cisplatin-containing arm. Otherwise, toxicity profiles were comparable. There were no differences in FACT-G-assessed quality of life.
CONCLUSION: Platinum-based combination chemotherapy remains the standard of care chemotherapy regimen for patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a preventive, therapeutic agent, or improving agent of lifestyle-related diseases such as obesity, visceral fat accumulation, hyperlipemia, hyperuricemia, diabetes, and liver disease, containing a component of natural origin.  <P>SOLUTION: The preventive or improving agent of a lifestyle-related disease includes a thermally coagulated material of a krill squeezed liquid as an active ingredient. This thermally coagulated material contains both protein and lipid derived from krill. Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is preferred as krill. The form used as a raw material may be, but is not limited to, a non-heated material or a heated material, but a non-heated material of the Antarctic krill is preferred.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
The current study is a sub- study in a Ph.D project containing 4 sub- studies. The protocol for the current study includes all four sub- studies, and each of the other three sub- studies will be registered ongoing individually. The current study is a prospective national survey of body mass index (BMI), and includes all patients with a new spinal cord injury hospitalized at Clinic for Spinal Cord Injuries, Rigshospitalet (CSCI) and Spinal Cord Injury Center of Western Denmark during a period of 9 months whereby 100 patients are expected to participate. Data are collected at admission and discharge. At CSCI BMI is collected every 6 weeks and all outcome measures will also be collected at follow up 6 months after discharge. A VO2peak test at discharge is performed as well, and in some participants accelerometry is performed in order to describe the amount and intensity of physical activity. Test- retest reliability of the VO2peak test and accelerometry is investigated as well. Patients with a new Spinal Cord Injury within the last 12 months, who are admitted for rehabilitation several months after the time of injury are also included in the prospective survey. Therefore the data for BMI at the time of injury is collected for all patients at admission to primary rehabilitation from both the patient journal and also by asking the patient about weight and height at the time of injury
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition comprising three phases is provided to form a formulation of one phase and improve skin moisturization effect. CONSTITUTION: A cosmetic composition comprises an upper layer having vegetable oil, an intermediate layer of silicon oil, and an lower layer of water soluble layer. The vegetable oil is brackcurrant seed oil or hemp seed oil. The vegetable oil is contained ka 5-90 weight% of vegetable oil. The silicon oil of the intermediate layer is dimenthicone oil. The aqueous layer contains 25-90 weight% of polyol. The polyol is glycerin, bytylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, or propylene glycol.
BACKGROUND: Beta-2 transferrin (B2-Tf) gel electrophoresis (GE) is the preferred non-invasive diagnostic modality for confirming cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in body fluids. While B2-Tf GE testing is highly sensitive and specific for CSF, false-positive (FP) and false-negative (FN) results can lead to diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. Several series have demonstrated potential causes of false B2-Tf GE results, but few studies have reported reasons for these errors. The purpose of this systematic review was to describe sources of B2-Tf GE errors.
METHODS: A systematic review was performed by searching OVID, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases for B2-Tf GE studies. After applying exclusion criteria, original research studies directly addressing erroneous B2-Tf GE results underwent qualitative analysis.
RESULTS: Of the 243 abstracts screened, 71 underwent full-text review and 18 studies reporting B2-Tf GE errors were included for analysis. There were 15 potential FPs, 12 actual FPs, 12 potential FNs, 19 actual FNs, and 14 indeterminate results. There were also 246 potentially indeterminate results from in vitro studies. Reasons for B2-Tf GE errors included serum transferrin alterations (n = 17; all potential), infection related (n = 13; 9 potential), orbital or salivary contamination (n = 2; 1 potential), and collection related (n = 255; 246 potential). There were 31 false or indeterminate results with unspecified reasons. There were no reported errors due to laboratory processing.
CONCLUSIONS: Multiple potential or actual reasons for false or indeterminate results have been reported for B2-Tf GE testing of rhinorrhea and otorrhea. Future studies should explore reasons for B2-Tf testing errors and how these may affect clinical decision making.
Shake well before using. Apply to wet hair and massage vigorously into scalp. Rinse thoroughly. For best results, use at least twice a week or as directed by a doctor. Avoid contact with eyes or mucous membranes. Do not use on an infant less than 2 months of age.

See package insert for full prescribing information.

STORAGE:

Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F), excursions permitted between 15°C and 30°C (between 59°F and 86°F). Brief exposure to temperatures up to 40°C (104°F) may be tolerated provided the mean kinetic temperature does not exceed 25°C (77°F); however, such exposure should be minimized.

NOTICE: Protect from freezing and excessive heat. The product may tend to darken slightly on storage. Slight discoloration does not impair the efficacy or safety of the product. Keep bottle tightly closed.

Occasionally, a slight discoloration of fabric may occur when an excessive amount of the product is used and comes in contact with white fabrics. This discoloration, however, presents no problem, as it is readily removed by ordinary laundering without bleaches.
Participants will undergo a night shift work like schedule and be monitored with non-invasive devices while at-home (at set intervals) and during an in-lab phase (hourly) during a 97 continuous-hour protocol. During the in-lab phase, which is approximately 48 continuous hours, participants will undergo a 24-hour period of sleep loss, followed by a brief opportunity for an in-lab sleep opportunity of 5 hours, followed by another period of 19 hours of sleep loss before returning home for at-home monitoring. Measures of interest include arterial stiffness as measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) and changes in subjective ratings (e.g., fatigue and sleepiness). Other measures include cognitive performance, total sleep during the protocol, and sleep depth during an in-lab sleep opportunity.
Control clinics: Clinics randomized to the control arm will continue usual procedures. Periodic evaluation of cervical cancer screening rates will be examined every 3 months using FP register data.
OBJECTIVE: Association between mitochondrial dysfunction and osteoarthritis (OA) has been consistently investigated, yet their genetic association remains obscure. In this study, mitochondrial-related genes were used as instrumental variables to proxy for mitochondrial dysfunction, and summary data of knee OA (KOA) were used as outcome to examine their genetic association.
METHODS: We obtained 1136 mitochondrial-related genes from the human MitoCarta3.0 database. Genetic proxy instruments for mitochondrial-related genes from studies of corresponding gene expression (n = 31,684) and protein (n = 35,559) quantitative trait locus (eQTLs and pQTLs), respectively. Aggregated data for KOA (62,497 KOA cases and 333,557 controls) were extracted from the largest OA genome-wide association study (GWAS). We integrated QTL data with KOA GWAS data to estimate their genetic association using summary data-based Mendelian randomization analysis (SMR). Additionally, we implemented Bayesian colocalization analysis to reveal whether suggestive mitochondrial-related genes and KOA were driven by a same genetic variant. Finally, to validate the primary findings, replication study (24,955 cases and 378,169 controls) and multi-SNP-based SMR (SMR-multi) test was performed.
RESULTS: Through SMR analysis, we found that the expression levels of 2 mitochondrial-related genes were associated with KOA risk. Specifically, elevated gene expression levels of the IMMP2L (odds ratio [OR] = 1.056; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.030-1.082; P-FDR = 0.004) increased the risk of KOA. Conversely, increased gene expression levels of AKAP10 decreased the risk of KOA (OR = 0.955; 95% CI, 0.934-0.977; P-FDR = 0.019). Colocalization analysis demonstrated that AKAP10 (PP.H4 = 0.84) and IMMP2L (PP.H4 = 0.91) shared the same genetic variant with KOA. In addition, consistent results were found in replication study and SMR-multi test, further demonstrating the reliability of our findings.
CONCLUSIONS: In summary, our analyses revealed the genetic association between mitochondrial dysfunction proxied by mitochondrial-related genes and KOA, providing new insight into potential pathogenesis of KOA. Furthermore, these identified candidate genes offer the possibility of clinical drug target development for KOA. Key points • This is the first SMR study to explore the genetic association between mitochondrial dysfunction proxied by mitochondrial-related genes and KOA. • Sufficient evidence to support genetic association between the expression levels of AKAP10 and IMMP2L, and KOA • Our MR analysis may provide novel new insight into potential pathogenesis of KOA. • These identified candidate genes offer the possibility of clinical drug target development for KOA.
BACKGROUND: The contribution of the central nervous system to sepsis pathobiology is incompletely understood. In previous studies, administration of endotoxin to mice decreased activity of the vagus anti-inflammatory reflex. Treatment with the centrally-acting M1 muscarinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor (M1AChR) attenuated this endotoxin-mediated change. We hypothesize that decreased M1AChR-mediated activity contributes to inflammation following cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), a mouse model of sepsis.
METHODS: In male C57Bl/6 mice, we quantified basal forebrain cholinergic activity (immunostaining), hippocampal neuronal activity, serum cytokine/chemokine levels (ELISA) and splenic cell subtypes (flow cytometry) at baseline, following CLP and following CLP in mice also treated with the M1AChR agonist xanomeline.
RESULTS: At 48 h. post-CLP, activity in basal forebrain cells expressing choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) was half of that observed at baseline. Lower activity was also noted in the hippocampus, which contains projections from ChAT-expressing basal forebrain neurons. Serum levels of TNFα, IL-1β, MIP-1α, IL-6, KC and G-CSF were higher post-CLP than at baseline. Post-CLP numbers of splenic macrophages and inflammatory monocytes, TNFα+ and ILβ+ neutrophils and ILβ+ monocytes were higher than baseline while numbers of central Dendritic Cells (cDCs), CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were lower. When, following CLP, mice were treated with xanomeline activity in basal forebrain ChAT-expressing neurons and in the hippocampus was significantly higher than in untreated animals. Post-CLP serum concentrations of TNFα, IL-1β, and MIP-1α, but not of IL-6, KC and G-CSF, were significantly lower in xanomeline-treated mice than in untreated mice. Post-CLP numbers of splenic neutrophils, macrophages, inflammatory monocytes and TNFα+ neutrophils also were lower in xanomeline-treated mice than in untreated animals. Percentages of IL-1β+ neutrophils, IL-1β+ monocytes, cDCs, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were similar in xanomeline-treated and untreated post-CLP mice.
CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that M1AChR-mediated responses modulate CLP-induced alterations in serum levels of some, but not all, cytokines/chemokines and affected splenic immune response phenotypes.
The safety and efficacy of QUZYTTIR for the treatment of acute urticaria was demonstrated in a randomized, active-controlled, double-blind, single dose, multicenter (US and Canada), parallel group trial in 262 patients 18 years of age and older presenting to Emergency Departments or Urgent care Centers (NCT02935699). Subjects were treated with 10 mg of QUZYTTIR or 50 mg diphenhydramine injection. Patients with acute urticaria with or without other diseases were enrolled, including patients with concomitant angioedema. The majority of the patients were Caucasian (48%) and female (63%) with a mean age of 39 years. 

The primary efficacy endpoint was the change from baseline in patient-rated pruritus score assessed 2 hrs post treatment for the intent-to-treat (ITT) population. Pruritus was graded on a severity score of 0 to 3 with 0 = no pruritus, 1 = mild, 2 =moderate, and 3 = severe. The trial was non-inferiority design with the pre-specified non-inferiority margin of 0.50 for the difference between treatment groups. Two key secondary efficacy outcome measures: (i) the need to return to any ED or clinic after patient discharge, and (ii) time spent at the treatment center (time from treatment administration to readiness for discharge) were adjusted for multiplicity. 

Result for the change from baseline in the pruritus scores are shown in Table 1. The difference between treatment groups excluded the pre-specified non-inferiority margin, i.e. the lower bound of the 95% confidence interval for the difference of diphenhydramine minus QUZYTTIR did not include – 0.50. The primary efficacy data are presented in Table 1. 

Additionally, in this trial the proportion of patients returning to any emergency department or clinic was lower in the QUZYTTIR treatment group (6%) compared to the diphenhydramine treatment group (14%), and the time spent in the treatment center (hours spent reported as mean (SD) was shorter in the QUZYTTIR treatment group (1.7 (0.9)) compared to the diphenhydramine treatment group (2.1 (1.1)).