anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I is an inborn error of glycosaminoglycan catabolism with phenotypes ranging from severe (Hurler syndrome) to attenuated (Hurler-Scheie and Scheie syndromes). Cardiovascular involvement is common and contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality. We conducted a retrospective analysis of the prevalence and natural history of cardiac abnormalities in treatment-naïve individuals enrolled in the international Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I Registry. Interrogation of echocardiography data (presence of cardiac valve regurgitation and/or stenosis; measurements of left ventricular chamber dimensions in diastole and systole, diastolic left ventricular posterior wall and interventricular septal thicknesses and ventricular systolic function (shortening fraction)) showed that mitral regurgitation was the most common and earliest finding for individuals with both severe (58.3%, median age 1.2 years) and attenuated (74.2%, median age 8.0 years) disease. Left-sided valve stenosis was also common in individuals with attenuated disease (mitral 30.3%; aortic 25%). Abnormal ventricular wall and septal thickness (Z-scores ≥2) were observed early in both phenotypes. Z-scores for diastolic left ventricular posterior wall and interventricular septal thicknesses increased with age in the severe phenotype (annualised slopes of 0.2777 [p = 0.037] and 0.3831 [p = 0.001], respectively); a similar correlation was not observed in the attenuated phenotype (annualised slopes of -0.0401 [p = 0.069] and -0.0029 [p = 0.875], respectively). Decreased cardiac ventricular systolic function (defined as shortening fraction <28%) was uncommon but, when noted, was more frequent in infants with the severe phenotype. While cardiac abnormalities occur early in both severe and attenuated mucopolysaccharidosis type I, the pattern of valve dysfunction and progression of ventricular abnormalities vary by phenotype.
1533119 Skin lightening compositions UNILEVER Ltd 8 April 1976 [10 April 1975] 14825/75 Heading A5B Cosmetic compositions for lightening human skin following topical application thereto comprise a skin lightening amount of niacinamide or a precursor thereof which is capable of releasing niacinamide on the skin e.g. niacinamide ascorbate, and a sunburn or suntan protective amount of an ultra-violet absorbing sunscreen, together with a mutually compatible, cosmetically acceptable vehicle. The sunscreen may be a compound absorbing within the ultra-violet range 290-320 nm e.g. urocanic acid and/or 2-ethoxyethyl-p-methoxycinnamate, and/or a compound absorbing within the ultra-violet range 320-360 nm e.g. 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone. The compositions may be in the form of creams, lotions, ointments and aerosol products containing conventional excipients.
MAS-ER Capsules are indicated for use in children 6 years of age and older.

The safety and efficacy of MAS-ER Capsules in children under 6 years of age have not been studied. Long-term effects of amphetamines in children have not been well established. 

In a juvenile developmental study, rats received daily oral doses of amphetamine (d to l enantiomer ratio of 3:1, the same as in MAS-ER Capsules) of 2, 6, or 20 mg/kg on days 7-13 of age; from day 14 to approximately day 60 of age these doses were given b.i.d. for total daily doses of 4, 12, or 40 mg/kg. The latter doses are approximately 0.6, 2, and 6 times the maximum recommended human dose for children of 30 mg/day, on a mg/m2 basis. Post dosing hyperactivity was seen at all doses; motor activity measured prior to the daily dose was decreased during the dosing period but the decreased motor activity was largely absent after an 18 day drug-free recovery period. Performance in the Morris water maze test for learning and memory was impaired at the 40 mg/kg dose, and sporadically at the lower doses, when measured prior to the daily dose during the treatment period; no recovery was seen after a 19 day drug-free period. A delay in the developmental milestones of vaginal opening and preputial separation was seen at 40 mg/kg but there was no effect on fertility.
Subjects randomized to Arm A (approx. 33.3% of subjects) will receive Juvéderm(R) Ultra injected into both lips (Comparator Device) at the initial treatment and a potential touchup treatment. .
Prior to the procedure, the patients would be kept fasted for 6 hours and antibiotics would be commenced (2nd generation cephalosporin or equivalent). Antibiotics would be continued for up to one week after the procedure.EUS-GBD would be performed by either the conventional or direct method.
Patients receive arsenic trioxide IV over 1-2 hours daily for up to 45 days. Patients achieving complete remission, receive arsenic trioxide IV over 1-2 hours daily 5 days a week for 4 weeks. Treatment repeats every 8 weeks for up to 4 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
BACKGROUND: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with intestinal macrophage infiltration due to disruption of the mucosal barrier and bacterial invasion. Therefore, it is crucial to identify therapeutic agents capable of attenuating the macrophage-induced inflammatory response to preserve mucosal homeostasis and immune tolerance. The modified Zhenwu decoction (CDD-2103) is a novel herbal formulation developed based on the principles of Traditional Chinese medicine. To date, there are no clinically approved herbal formulations for UC with a well-known mechanism of action on macrophages.
PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to systematically investigate the inhibitory effect of the active fraction of CDD-2103 in a mouse model of chronic colitis and delineate the mechanisms underlying its inhibitory action.
METHODS: CDD-2103 was extracted into four fractions using organic solvents with increasing polarity. A chronic 49-day dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice model, closely resembling human clinical conditions, was used to examine the effect of CDD-2103 on chronic colitis. To confirm the effect of CDD-2103 on macrophages in this chronic colitis model, adoptive macrophage transfer and CCL2 supplementation were conducted. The mechanisms of action of CDD-2103 were further elucidated utilizing bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Transcriptome analysis was conducted to gain insights into the underlying mechanism of action of CDD-2103 in BMDMs.
RESULTS: Our in vitro and in vivo findings demonstrated that the ethanol-enriched fraction of CDD-2103 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effects, leading to the suppression of colitis severity. This effect was associated with diminished accumulation of colonic macrophages in the lamina propria of CDD-2103-intervened colitis mice. Specifically, CDD-2103 inhibited CCR2/L2-mediated proinflammatory macrophage infiltration into the colon without affecting macrophage proliferation. Mechanistically, CDD-2103 inhibited Fyn expression-mediated p38 MAPK activation and subsequently suppressed CCR2 expression in BMDMs.
CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, our study supports the potential use of CDD-2103 to limit macrophage infiltration, thereby reducing inflammation during UC treatment. CDD-2103 and the components in the ethanolic fraction are promising candidates for the development of novel drugs for UC management. Additionally, our study underscores Fyn-mediated CCR2 expression as a potential therapeutic target for the management of UC.
Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis. It is a condition where the body's joints become swollen and damaged. Currently, the approach used to manage rheumatoid arthritis is the so-called 'Treat to Target' approach. The aim of this approach to treatment is to achieve the absence of signs and symptoms, or best possible state of low disease activity. It requires the use of frequent routine clinical assessments to help determine what treatment to use. Ultrasound imaging (using sound waves to take images of the joints and surrounding tissues) has been shown to be better than standard clinical measurements in detecting disease activity. Doctors are already using ultrasound imaging as part of their decisionmaking, in terms of diagnosis and altering treatments, but it is has not been clearly shown if this is associated with a better control of the disease.

Participants will be randomly put into 1 of 2 treatment groups (standard treatment group or the imaging group). All patients will also undergo the ultrasound assessment. In the standard treatment arm, the doctor will not know the ultrasound result and will base treatment on the routine disease activity score alone. In the imaging group, doctors will use routine clinical disease activity score plus the ultrasound result to make decisions on which treatment is given and treatment will be increased if necessary. However, for patients in the imaging group, even if their rheumatoid arthritis remains stable as judged by the disease activity score, treatment will be increased based on signs of active disease on the ultrasound.

Participation will last for 2 years. During the study participants will be required to attend 8 clinic visits. Approximately 400 patients from a number of countries in Europe and Japan are expected to take part in the study.
All eligible patients will receive both eluxadoline and placebo, however each patient will be randomized to the order in which this happens. Eligible patients will be randomized 1:1 via random number generator to either receive eluxadoline 100mg twice daily then matching placebo or placebo then eluxadoline 100mg twice daily. Participants in Group A will take eluxadoline 100mg by mouth twice for 42 days. A washout phase will take place on days 43-70 where no study drug or placebo will be administered. On days 71-112, participants will crossover and take matching placebo by mouth twice daily. Each participant in Group A will take 42 days of eluxadoline 100mg twice daily followed by 42 days of placebo over the course the study.
To provide formulations which have a novel in-vitro release profile in treatment and prevention of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.SOLUTION: A pharmaceutical formulation comprises a core and a coating. The core comprises a solid colloid. The colloid comprises a continuous phase and a disperse phase. The continuous phase comprises a hydrogel-forming polymer matrix. The core comprises a pharmaceutically active ingredient. The coating comprises a water soluble cellulose ether. The coating is present in an amount corresponding to a weight gain due to the coating of 0.5 to 20 wt.% of the core.SELECTED DRAWING: None
BACKGROUNDS: Acute Appendicitis (AA) is one of the most common surgical emergencies worldwide. This study aims to investigate the predictive performances of 6 different Machine Learning (ML) algorithms for simple and complicated AA.
METHODS: Data regarding operated AA patients between 2012 and 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Based on operative findings, patients were evaluated under two groups: perforated AA and none-perforated AA. The features that showed statistical significance (p < 0.05) in both univariate and multivariate analysis were included in the prediction models as input features. Five different error metrics and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were used for model comparison.
RESULTS: A total number of 1132 patients were included in the study. Patients were divided into training (932 samples), testing (100 samples), and validation (100 samples) sets. Age, gender, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio, total bilirubin, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Appendix Diameter, and PeriAppendicular Liquid Collection (PALC) were significantly different between the two groups. In the multivariate analysis, age, CRP, and PALC continued to show a significant difference in the perforated AA group. According to univariate and multivariate analysis, two data sets were used in the prediction model. K-Nearest Neighbors and Logistic Regression algorithms achieved the best prediction performance in the validation group with an accuracy of 96%.
CONCLUSION: The results showed that using only three input features (age, CRP, and PALC), the severity of AA can be predicted with high accuracy. The developed prediction model can be useful in clinical practice.
Obesity is prevalent in military personnel and raises concerns related to health, readiness, and national defense. Adverse health consequences of obesity place military personnel at risk for serious medical problems while in the service and upon discharge/retirement. Additionally, failure to "make weight" may negatively impact one's military career and can lead to discharge from the service. Early identification of personnel at risk and implementation of prevention strategies are critical to addressing the problem of overweight in the military and are essential to maintaining a fit fighting force. The goal of this study is to test the effectiveness of a dissonance-based, weight-gain prevention program (Fit4Duty) to prevent excess weight gain among service members at risk for obesity due to a personal and/or family history of overweight. The Fit4Duty program is an adaptation for the military of an existing civilian obesity prevention program, Project Health. The program utilizes dissonance based, participant-driven group counseling to address the excess consumption of unhealthy foods and sedentary behavior. Active duty service members will be randomized to the Fit4Duty weight gain prevention program or a Nutrition Education comparison condition. Participants will complete height, weight, and body composition measurements, and self-report instruments at baseline, immediately following the prevention program (6-weeks), and one and two year follow-ups. It is hypothesized that Project Fit4Duty will result in significantly greater reduction in risk for increases in BMI percentile and percent fat mass, and risk for onset of overweight and obesity during the 2-year follow-up relative to a nutrition education control program. If successful, Project Fit4Duty would offer an economical approach for widespread obesity prevention in the U.S. Military.
Alopecia was observed in almost all (87%) of the patients. Transient skin changes due to Paclitaxel Injection, USP-related hypersensitivity reactions have been observed, but no other skin toxicities were significantly associated with paclitaxel administration. Nail changes (changes in pigmentation or discoloration of nail bed) were uncommon (2%). Edema was reported in 21% of all patients (17% of those without baseline edema); only 1% had severe edema and none of these patients required treatment discontinuation. Edema was most commonly focal and disease-related. Edema was observed in 5% of all courses for patients with normal baseline and did not increase with time on study.

Skin abnormalities related to radiation recall as well as reports of maculopapular rash, pruritus, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis have been reported. In postmarketing experience, diffuse edema, thickening, and sclerosing of the skin have been reported following paclitaxel administration. Paclitaxel has been reported to exacerbate signs and symptoms of scleroderma.

Reports of asthenia and malaise have been received as part of the continuing surveillance of paclitaxel safety. In the Phase 3 trial of paclitaxel 135 mg/m 2over 24 hours in combination with cisplatin as first-line therapy of ovarian cancer, asthenia was reported in 17% of the patients, significantly greater than the 10% incidence observed in the control arm of cyclophosphamide/cisplatin. 

Conjunctivitis, increased lacrimation, anorexia, confusional state, photopsia, visual floaters, vertigo, and increase in blood creatinine have been reported.
Dravet syndrome (DS) and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) are rare developmental and epileptic encephalopathies associated with seizure and nonseizure symptoms. A comprehensive understanding of how many individuals are affected globally, the diagnostic journey they face, and the extent of mortality associated with these conditions is lacking. Here, we summarize and evaluate published data on the epidemiology of DS and LGS in terms of prevalence, incidence, diagnosis, genetic mutations, and mortality and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) rates. The full study protocol is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022316930). After screening 2172 deduplicated records, 91 unique records were included; 67 provided data on DS only, 17 provided data on LGS only, and seven provided data on both. Case definitions varied considerably across studies, particularly for LGS. Incidence and prevalence estimates per 100 000 individuals were generally higher for LGS than for DS (LGS: incidence proportion = 14.5-28, prevalence = 5.8-60.8; DS: incidence proportion = 2.2-6.5, prevalence = 1.2-6.5). Diagnostic delay was frequently reported for LGS, with a wider age range at diagnosis reported than for DS (DS, 1.6-9.2 years; LGS, 2-15 years). Genetic screening data were reported by 63 studies; all screened for SCN1A variants, and only one study specifically focused on individuals with LGS. Individuals with DS had a higher mortality estimate per 1000 person-years than individuals with LGS (DS, 15.84; LGS, 6.12) and a lower median age at death. SUDEP was the most frequently reported cause of death for individuals with DS. Only four studies reported mortality information for LGS, none of which included SUDEP. This systematic review highlights the paucity of epidemiological data available for DS and especially LGS, demonstrating the need for further research and adoption of standardized diagnostic criteria.
Will be collected clinical and anthropometric data of the participants and they are packaged in self-evaluation form. Evaluation of pulmonary function at rest will be rescued from patient charts. When carried out for over six months, will be repeated by the researchers. Patients will conduct incremental CPET of 5-10W/min limited by symptoms (FEV1 \<1L-5W or FEV1\> 1L-10W) (Visit 1). After a period of 2-7 days the CPET will be performed submaximal with 75% of the peak load reached in the incremental CPET (visits 2-3). During the visit without EPAP will be maintained using the facial mask applied without resistance.
BACKGROUND: The outbreak of mpox that occurred between 2022 and 2023 is primarily being transmitted through sexual contact. As of now, there is no consensus on the recommended duration of isolation to prevent sexual transmission of the virus. Moreover, this particular mpox outbreak has presented with distinct complications in comparison to previous occurrences. In this report, we present a case involving severe rectal bleeding from an ulcer in a mpox patient with a history of engaging in receptive sexual contact.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 30-year-old Korean man presented at the hospital with complaints of fever, multiple skin lesions, and anal pain. Monkeypox virus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were positive for skin lesions on the penis and wrist. The patient received a 12-day course of tecovirimat due to anal symptoms and perianal skin lesions. Following isolation for 12 days and after all skin scabs had naturally fallen off, with no new skin lesions emerging for a consecutive 48 hours-conforming to the criteria of the Korean Disease Control and Prevention Agency-the patient was discharged. However, 1 day after discharge, the patient returned to the hospital due to hematochezia. His hemoglobin level had significantly dropped from 14.0 g/dL to 8.2 g/dL. Sigmoidoscopy unveiled a sizable rectal ulceration with exposed blood vessels, prompting the application of hemostasis through metal clipping. Subsequent monkeypox virus real-time PCR conducted on rectal tissue and swabs yielded positive results (with cycle threshold values of 28.48 and 31.23, respectively). An abdominal CT scan exposed a perirectal abscess, for which ampicillin-sulbactam was administered.
CONCLUSION: This case underscores the importance of monitoring for bleeding complications and confirming the resolution of rectal lesions before discharging patients from isolation, particularly in cases where patients have a history of engaging in receptive sexual contact with men or are presenting with anal symptoms.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a congenital anomaly involving the herniation of intra-abdominal contents into the thoracic cavity. Hepatopulmonary fusion (HPF), an exceedingly rare subtype mainly associated with right-sided CDH, presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This case report describes a male infant with right-sided CDH complicated by HPF. The intricate anatomical anomaly involved the fusion of the right lung to the liver, posing challenges during surgical separation. The patient experienced postoperative complications, including prolonged ventilation, tracheostomy and pulmonary issues, which led to a prolonged hospital stay. Intraoperative challenges stem from the absence of demarcation between lung and liver tissues and abnormal vascular structures. In summary, managing HPF in right-sided CDH necessitates a customised, multidisciplinary approach to optimise patient outcomes, highlighting the need for ongoing research to refine understanding and treatment strategies.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject transdermal absorption accelerator providing a skin lotion increasing the transdermal absorption-accelerating effect of physiologically active components and can much more improve skin functions by formulating saturated branched fatty acids and water thereto. SOLUTION: These preparations includes saturated branched fatty acid and water. As a saturated branched fatty acid, is used isostearic acid in an amount of 0.2-20 wt.%. The skin preparation for external use that further improves the skin functions is prepared by formulating the objective absorption accelerator to diisopropylamine dichloracetate as a physiologically active ingredient. In a preferred embodiment, the content of diisopropylamine dichloracetate is 0.01-5 wt.%. The dosage form of these accelerator and the skin lotion is in the forms of essence, milk, cream and the like.