anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
1 : 2 : 6-Hexane-triol is prepared by subjecting 2 : 6-epoxy-5-hexenal-1 to the following series of treatment steps: catalytic hydrogenation to saturate the ethylenic linkage and simultaneously or separately, reduction to convert the aldehydic group into a primary alcoholic group and fission of the pyran ring by a method known to be capable of splitting the pyran ring between the oxygen atom and an adjacent carbon atom, these steps being effected in any sequence and being followed, where the method of fission results in an ester, by hydrolysis of the ester groups.  Thus, the epoxyhexenal may be completely hydrogenated to epoxyhexanol and the pyran nucleus thereof opened by the action of an acyl halide or organic acid anhydride, if desired in the presence of an acylation catalyst such as zinc, zinc dust or aluminium chloride and the resulting ester converted to the desired triol by alcoholysis or saponification.  Again, epoxyhexenal may be converted to epoxyhexenol, by reaction in absolute alcohol with aluminium ethylate, which is then treated with acetic anhydride and acetic acid yielding first, epoxyhexenol acetate and then the 1 : 2-diacetate of 5-hexene-1 : 2 : 6-triol (the end form of 5 : 6-hexanediol-1-al, the name used in the Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91), which is catalytically hydrogenated to yield the diacetate of hexane-triol-1 : 2 : 6, hydrolysis of this ester giving the free triol.  Alternatively, the epoxyhexenol is hydrolyzed with water in neutral or slightly acid or alkaline medium and the resulting 5 : 6-hexanediol-1-al catalytically hydrogenated.  A further method comprises hydrolyzing the epoxyhexenal itself, probably to yield hexanol-2-diol, and then catalytically hydrogenating the reaction mixture.  In Examples: (1) 2 : 6-epoxyhexenal-1, in a mixture of alcohol and benzene, is hydrogenated in the presence of Raney nickel and the resulting epoxy-hexanol refluxed with acetic anhydride and zinc chloride to yield 2 : 6-epoxyhexanol-1 acetate which is isolated and then itself refluxed with acetic anhydride and zinc chloride and the hexane-triol triacetate thus obtained is alcoholysed to the triol by means of methanol; (2) epoxy-hexenal is reacted with aluminium ethoxide in ethanol, the resulting epoxyhexenol is isolated and subjected to ring opening by heating with water and the resulting solution then hydrogenated in presence of nickel to yield the required triol; (3) epoxyhexanol is subjected to ring opening by heating with water and the triol obtained by hydrogenation of the solution in presence of nickel. The triol is stated to be a new compound having many specified industrial applications.
The present invention relates generally to a molecular marker for a plant physiological process and more particularly for plant embryogenesis. The molecular marker is, in one form, a genetic sequence from a monocot plant such as but not limited to oil-palm plants. In another form, the molecular marker is a polypeptide encoded by said genetic sequence. More particularly, the molecular marker of the present invention enables embryogenic tissue to be detected in vitro. The early detection of embryogenic tissue enables non-embryogenic tissue to be discarded. The ability to detect embryogenesis facilitates maximization of embryogenic potential. The present invention further contemplates a molecular marker comprising in one form a sequence of nucleotides encoding an antioxidant or in another form a sequence of amino acids defining a polypeptide having antioxidant activity. The antioxidant according to this aspect of the present invention is particularly useful in tablet or cream form as an anti-aging agent. The molecular markers of the present invention therefore also have uses in the inhibition or retardation of apoptotic processes. Such an effect has benefits in both plant and animal cells. The present invention further contemplates a promoter sequence encoding the molecular marker and its use in generating male sterile plants.
Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and debilitating lung disease characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components within the lung parenchyma. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely elusive, and the treatment options available for pulmonary fibrosis are limited. Interleukin 5 receptor, alpha (IL5RA) is a well-established regulator of eosinophil activation, involved in eosinophil-mediated anti-parasitic activities and allergic reactions. Recent studies have indicated additional roles of IL5RA in lung epithelium and fibroblasts. Nevertheless, its involvement in pulmonary fibrosis remains unclear. In present study, we employed single-cell analyses alongside molecular and cellular assays to unveil the expression of IL5RA in lung epithelial cells. Moreover, using both in vitro and in vivo models, we demonstrated a notable upregulation of epithelial IL5RA during the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. This upregulated IL5RA expression subsequently promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), leading to the generation of mesenchymal phenotype with augmented capability for ECM production. Importantly, our findings uncovered that the pro-fibrotic function of IL5RA is mediated by Jak2/STAT3 signaling cascades. Inhibiting IL5RA has the potential to deactivate Jak2/STAT3 and suppress the downstream EMT process and ECM production, thereby offering a promising therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis.
Participants randomly assigned to this arm will receive 6 months of Behavioral Weight Loss (BWL) counseling and NB medication. The naltrexone and bupropion will be taken daily in pill form.
Heart Failure patients Subjects diagnosed with heart faikure, who will receive the best treatment of clinical practice, will be recruited. They must be more than 70 years old.
BACKGROUND: Proteinuria is a common adverse event observed during treatment with antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibodies. Proteinuria is a risk factor for renal dysfunction and cardiovascular complications in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, the association between anti-VEGF antibody-induced proteinuria and renal dysfunction or cardiovascular complications remains unclear.
METHODS: This retrospective, observational study included patients with cancer that were treated with bevacizumab (BV) at Kyoto University Hospital (Kyoto, Japan) between January 2006 and March 2018. Adverse event rates were compared between patients who developed qualitative ≥ 2 + proteinuria and those who developed < 1 + proteinuria. Adverse events were defined as renal dysfunction (i.e., ≥ 57% decrease in the eGFR, compared to the rate at the initial treatment) and hospitalization due to BV-associated cardiovascular complications and other adverse events.
RESULTS: In total, 734 patients were included in this analysis. Renal dysfunction was more common in patients with ≥ 2 + proteinuria than in those with < 1 + proteinuria (13/199, 6.5% vs. 12/535, 2.3%). Seven of these 13 patients with ≥ 2 + proteinuria had transient reversible renal dysfunction. Only four (2.0%) patients had BV-associated renal dysfunction. Of the 734 patients, six patients, 16 patients, and 13 patients were hospitalized because of the adverse events of cardiovascular complications, thromboembolisms, and cerebrovascular complications, respectively. No relationship was observed between these adverse events and proteinuria.
CONCLUSION: BV treatment-induced proteinuria was not associated with renal dysfunction or other adverse events. Continuing BV with caution is a possible treatment option, even after proteinuria develops, in patients with cancer and a limited prognosis.
Embodiments are directed to extracting specified data items from narrative text. In one scenario, a computer system accesses narrative textual information which includes data items that are to be identified and extracted. The computer system identifies specified data items in the narrative textual information that are to be extracted from the narrative textual information. The computer system then filters the identified data items to remove false positive identifications. The false positive filtering includes classifying the identified data items as specified data items, so that classified data items are identified as true positive items that are to be extracted from the narrative textual information. The computer system further extracts, from the narrative textual information, those filtered data items that were classified as being true positive items.
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the main cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and progresses faster in males than in females. We identify sex-based differences in kidney metabolism and in the blood metabolome of male and female individuals with diabetes. Primary human proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) from healthy males displayed increased mitochondrial respiration, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and greater injury when exposed to high glucose compared with PTECs from healthy females. Male human PTECs showed increased glucose and glutamine fluxes to the TCA cycle, whereas female human PTECs showed increased pyruvate content. The male human PTEC phenotype was enhanced by dihydrotestosterone and mediated by the transcription factor HNF4A and histone demethylase KDM6A. In mice where sex chromosomes either matched or did not match gonadal sex, male gonadal sex contributed to the kidney metabolism differences between males and females. A blood metabolomics analysis in a cohort of adolescents with or without diabetes showed increased TCA cycle metabolites in males. In a second cohort of adults with diabetes, females without DKD had higher serum pyruvate concentrations than did males with or without DKD. Serum pyruvate concentrations positively correlated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate, a measure of kidney function, and negatively correlated with all-cause mortality in this cohort. In a third cohort of adults with CKD, male sex and diabetes were associated with increased plasma TCA cycle metabolites, which correlated with all-cause mortality. These findings suggest that differences in male and female kidney metabolism may contribute to sex-dependent outcomes in DKD.
Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms have been demonstrated to function well and complement radiologists as second or concurrent readers in pulmonary nodule detection. AI Lung nodule detection and quantification solution are now widely used in the hospitals in the United Kingdom and at least eight other European countries. The sensitivity of nodule detection by radiologists increased from 72% to 80% with the aid of the AI programme. A clinical trial in Taiwan showed that using AI programme alone achieved an overall sensitivity of 95.6% in nodule detection, and superior performance in detecting nodule sized 4-5 mm comparing to radiologists. Overall, application of AI in CT analysis and lung nodule detection may significantly reduce the cost and workload of radiologist.
The developmental phase of this project incorporated community based participatory research (CBPR) principles to identify the needs and preferences of community members with regard to energy balance. In the intervention phase, this group-randomized trial administers and evaluates an intergenerational, culturally appropriate energy balance intervention aimed at increasing fruit and vegetable intake and increasing physical activity among participants in 6 distressed Appalachian counties. Faith institutions are recruited and randomized to treatment or wait-list control conditions, and participants are recruited and enrolled within those institutions. Focusing on Appalachian children, parents, and grandparents, local lay health advisors deliver a series of group presentations, adapted from We Can! and Media Smart Youth. In addition, the project provides culturally consonant leave-behind "booster" activities, including square dances, cooking classes, and community gardens.
The control group will be given an Amazfit BIP device to record their steps. They will submit their daily steps counts for weeks: 1,2,4, 6 and 8.
The external radiation is administered at 45-50Gy/25f and brachytherapy is performed sequentially at 6Gy/time to a total doses of 30 Gy. The concomitant chemotherapy regimen is cisplatin 40mg/m2 on day 1 once every week for 5 weeks. In addition, patients also receive tislelizumab (200 mg, day 1) once every 3 weeks until disease progression or intolerable toxicity occurs or one year.
The invention pertains to ligands that bind to CD81 and that inhibit or block  Plasmodium  attachment to CD81, compositions and methods for preventing, inhibiting or treating infection by  Plasmodium  and ligands that target a  Plasmodium  binding site on CD81 and methods of making and using them. A series of ligand binding sites on the large extracellular loop of the open conformation of CD81 have been identified. Several important sites were located in regions identified by mutational studies to be the site of  Plasmodium  binding. Ligands that recognize these sites were identified. Linking together two or three ligands that bind with low or moderate affinities to different structurally unique sites on a target protein were used to generate small molecule ligand conjugates that exhibit very high affinities to their CD81 targets. Hybrid ligand molecules were also designed using fragment-based drug design methods to generate analogs of the ligands that bind more tightly to the protein than the parent compounds. Identification and design of groups of compounds that bind to CD81 for use as therapeutics for treating patients infected by  Plasmodium  and pathogens that interact with CD81. By binding to CD81, these molecules can block 1)  Plasmodium  attachment and entry into cells (infection), especially hepatocytes; 2) block or inhibit inflammatory responses caused by  Plasmodium , and 3) block or inhibit the induction of other pathologies associated with  Plasmodium  infection.
Midazolam is often given before surgery to sedate a patient before anesthesia is given. Children are often given a small dose either by mouth or squirted into the nose. Children will often spit out the oral midazolam, making it difficult to know how much medicine, if any, they have received. Giving midazolam into the nose is more reliable, but children may complain of pain, stinging, and may become upset due to the discomfort. Nosebleeds may also occur when midazolam is squirted alone into the nose. The purpose of this study is to see if adding a numbing medicine, xylocaine, to the nasal midazolam makes giving the midazolam easier and more comfortable without affecting how the midazolam works as a sedative.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a deodorizing agent composition for pet having deodorizing effect on the odor of highly odorous animals such as dog to not only develop the effect immediately after the application but also continue the effect to the odor generating after the application.  <P>SOLUTION: The deodorizing agent composition for pet contains one or more kinds of oils selected from sunflower oil, macadamia nut oil, avocado oil, sesame oil and coconut oil. The content of the oil in the composition is preferably 0.005-3 wt.%. The composition of the invention preferably further contains a surfactant in an amount of 0.05-10 wt.%. The surfactant is preferably a fatty acid ester-type nonionic surfactant, a polyoxyalkylene-type nonionic surfactant, an alkylalkanolamide-type nonionic surfactant or an alkylglucoside-type nonionic surfactant.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Patients receive ibrutinib PO QD on days 1-28 of cycles 1-24 and rituximab IV on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycles 1 and 5. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 24 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with progressive disease during Arm I may receive rituximab and venetoclax as in Arm II for up to an additional 24 cycles. Patients undergo CT or PET/CT and bone marrow biopsy and aspiration as well as blood sample collection during screening and on the trial.
A pharmaceutical composition for treating respiratory dysfunction. The pharmaceutical composition comprises gallium compound (e.g. nitrate) and dimethyl sulfoxide in a liquid aqueous mixture. The gallium compound and dimethyl sulfoxide may be provided in any therapeutically effective amount. The pharmaceutical composition could be used in a respiratory product, which could be a single-use or a multi-use product. In use, the pharmaceutical composition is administered via the patient's respiratory airways. This could be performed by aerosolizing the pharmaceutical composition for inhalation by the patient, which could be via oral or nasal route. The respiratory treatment may be particularly useful for respiratory disorders that reduce arterial oxygen levels (e.g. hypoxia or hypoxemia).
BACKGROUND: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by vasculitis. In South Korea, some pediatric doctors empirically prescribe steroids to control febrile pediatric patients. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with KD after steroid exposure.
METHODS: This was a single-center, retrospective, observational study. This study included patients (aged ≤15 years) between January 2020 and July 2022. We compared two groups, one group exposed to steroids and the other group who were not, using the Student's t-test or analysis of variance; otherwise, the Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis test was conducted. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
RESULTS: In total, 190 patients with KD were enrolled; of these, 64 (33.7 %) had a history of steroid exposure, and 126 (66.3 %) had no history of steroid exposure. In the steroid exposure group, prolonged fever duration (6.72 ± 1.72 versus 5.61 ± 1.19, p-value = <0.001), a lower proportion of complete KD (29.69 % vs. 88.10 %, p-value = <0.001), and a significantly lower level of C-reactive protein were observed. However, no significant correlations were observed between the Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE) results (coronary artery aneurysm, existence of pericardial effusion) and prognostic factors (days of hospitalization, the number of intravenous immunoglobulin administrations, and Kobayashi score) between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with KD and previous steroid exposure may exhibit an incomplete KD phenotype with prolonged fever. Although previous steroid exposure does not affect the prognosis of KD, including coronary artery aneurysms, it may mask the classic features of KD, resulting in a delayed diagnosis.
Sequential single oral dose taken by healthy East and Caucasian volunteers from 100 mg (fasted) to 100 mg (fed) of placebo with 1 week follow-up after each dosage. A washout period of at least 10 days between the 1st and the 2nd dose is required.
A method of improving the resistance of collagenous tissue to mechanical degradation in accordance with the present invention comprises the step of contacting at least a portion of a collagenous tissue with an effective amou nt of a crosslinking reagent. The crosslinking reagent includes a crosslinking agent such as genipin and/or proanthrocyanidin. Further, the crosslinking reagent may include a crosslinking agent in a carrier medium. The collagenou s tissue to be contacted with the crosslinking reagent is preferably a portion of an intervertebral disc or articular cartilage. The contact between the tissue and the crosslinking reagent is effected by injections directly into the select tissue using a needle. Alternatively, contact between the tissue and the crosslinking reagent is effected by placement of a time-release delivery system such as a gel or ointment, or a treated membrane or patch directly into or onto the target tissue. Contact may also be effected by, fo r instance, soaking.
INTRODUCTION: Considerable evidence has unveiled a potential correlation between gut microbiota and spinal degenerative diseases. However, only limited studies have reported the direct association between gut microbiota and spinal stenosis. Hence, in this study, we aimed to clarify this relationship using a two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) approach.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data for two-sample MR studies was collected and summarized from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of gut microbiota (MiBioGen, n = 13, 266) and spinal stenosis (FinnGen Biobank, 9, 169 cases and 164, 682 controls). The inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis (IVW), complemented with weighted median, MR-Egger, weighted mode, and simple mode, was used to elucidate the causality between gut microbiota and spinal stenosis. In addition, we employed mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) and the MR-Egger intercept test to assess horizontal multiplicity. Cochran's Q test to evaluate heterogeneity, and "leave-one-out" sensitivity analysis to determine the reliability of causality. Finally, an inverse MR analysis was performed to assess the reverse causality.
RESULTS: The IVW results indicated that two gut microbial taxa, the genus Eubacterium fissicatena group and the genus Oxalobacter, have a potential causal relationship with spinal stenosis. Moreover, eight potential associations between genetic liability of the gut microbiota and spinal stenosis were implied. No significant heterogeneity of instrumental variables or horizontal pleiotropy were detected. In addition, "leave-one-out" sensitivity analysis confirmed the reliability of causality. Finally, the reverse MR analysis revealed that no proof to substantiate the discernible causative relationship between spinal stenosis and gut microbiota.
CONCLUSION: This analysis demonstrated a possible causal relationship between certain particular gut microbiota and the occurrence of spinal stenosis. Further studies focused on the mechanism of gut microbiota-mediated spinal stenosis can lay the groundwork for targeted prevention, monitoring, and treatment of spinal stenosis.
Peripheral blood lymphocytes will be collected. The NK cell will be selected and expanded ex vivo, then adaptive transfer back into patients. A total of 5.0 x 10\^8/L NK cells will be infused in one cycle.To avoid allergic reactions, 50 mg hydrocortisone was intramuscularly injected into patient 30 min before cells infusion every time. Best supportive care was also provided for patients. Nimotuzumab will be used 24 hours before infusion. Patients continued receiving treatment unless they had unacceptable adverse effects, or progressive disease confirmed by CT and PET-CT or they withdrew consent.