anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Sleep disturbances are common among the elderly and may increase the risk for depression and early mortality. Use of over-the-counter sleep aids may disrupt sleep patterns and have serious side effects. Herbal medicines have the potential to improve sleep quality. Evidence suggests that valerian may improve sleep with a low rate of side effects, but its efficacy has not been thoroughly examined in the elderly. This study will determine the effectiveness and pharmacokinetics (PK) of valerian in older adults who experience disturbances in their sleep.

This study will last 8 weeks. At the sleep clinic, participants will be randomly assigned to receive either valerian or placebo on the first night of study enrollment. Participants will have an intravenous (IV) line inserted into their arms and multiple blood draws will be taken during their sleep for PK studies. The next day, participants will be sent home for a drug wash-out period and will return after 1 week for a 3-night stay at the clinic on Nights 8, 9, and 10. On Night 8, participants will adjust to their surroundings and begin a sleep log to describe the quality of their sleep; they will continue to note observations on their sleep in the sleep log for the duration of the study. Recordings of each participant's sleeping and breathing patterns will be taken on Nights 8 and 9 to screen for sleep disorders. On Night 10, participants will again be randomly assigned to receive either valerian or placebo. After Night 10, participants will be sent home and asked to continue taking their assigned intervention nightly for 11 nights. Participants will be asked to continue their sleep logs and begin a symptom log describing insomnia symptoms. After 11 nights, participants will return for another 3-night stay at the clinic on Nights 22, 23, and 24; participants will receive either valerian or placebo. Participants will then be sent home for a 12-day drug wash-out period; participants will return to the clinic for Nights 37 and 38. Night 37 will be an adaptation night; on Night 38, participants will be given the intervention they were not yet assigned on Night 24. After Night 38, participants will be asked to go home and continue their second treatment for 11 nights; participants will come back to the sleep clinic for another 3-night stay on Nights 50, 51, and 52 for observation and PK studies. After Night 52, participants will be sent home and asked to continue their sleep and symptoms logs for two more nights, then mail the logs to study researchers for analysis.

During this study, participants will be asked to keep logs of the quality of their sleep and of the insomnia symptoms they may be experiencing. In addition to the logs, post-sleep interviews will be used to assess the quality of participants' sleep and the number of awakenings. Participants' heart and breathing rates and leg movements will be measured during their stays at the sleep clinic. Participants will also have an activity monitoring device attached to either their wrist or waist for most of the study.
PROPOSE: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of MR dacryocystography (MRD) and dacryoscintigraphy (DSG) in the diagnosis of acquired epiphora related to NLDO. A total of 15 patients with acquired epiphora and suspected NLDO were included in this study.
METHODS: All patients underwent MRD and DSG examinations. MRD was performed using a 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner, while DSG involved injection of a radiotracer into the lacrimal drainage system followed by DSG. The results of both imaging methods were compared with the reference standard that was a combination of clinical examination findings and surgical exploration.
RESULTS: The results of this study showed that no abnormal findings were observed in MR-DCG in patients before the Valsalva maneuver. However, after the Valsalva maneuver, stenosis/obstruction at the canal surface was observed in all 15 patients diagnosed by DSG, giving a sensitivity of 100% for canal stenosis. Moreover, the results revealed that among these 15 patients, 9 showed stenosis or simultaneous obstruction at the level of the canal and lacrimal sac, but MR-DCG showed these lesions in only 9 patients, giving a sensitivity of 60%. The specificity of MRD and DSG were 85% and 76.7%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the sensitivity of MRD and DSG (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that MRD has a higher diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis of acquired epiphora associated with NLDO compared to DSG. MRD showed significantly higher sensitivity and specificity than DSG. Therefore, MRD can be considered as the preferred imaging modality in the diagnosis of acquired epiphora due to NLDO. By accurately identifying the underlying cause of NLDO, MRD can help determine the most appropriate treatment approach for patients and lead to better outcomes.
Patients with NAFLD newly indicated for ursodeoxycholic acid treatment will be offered an observational study. Clinical examinations, blood sampling, ultrasound examinations of the liver and liver elastography will be performed. Non-invasive indices evaluating liver fibrosis and steatosis based on common anthropometric and laboratory parameters (FLI, NAFLD fibrosis score, BARD score, APRI, FIB-4) will also be evaluated. The examinations will be repeated after 6 months of treatment (all as part of regular routine check-ups performed in patients with NAFLD). Before and after the follow-up, patients will be offered examinations as part of cardiovascular disease (ultrasound examination of the carotid artery and endothelial dysfunction) and examinations for quantification of hepatic steatosis by MR spectroscopy.

Statistical processing: individual parameters will be evaluated before the start of monitoring and after 6-month monitoring. A difference of p≤0.05 will be considered a statistically significant change.
A novel conjugated protein; and a preventive/therapeutic agent for cancer or neurodegenerative disorder, etc. A compound, or its salt, capable of inhibiting conjugation between (a) protein containing an amino acid sequence identical or substantially identical with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO. 45, or its partial peptide, or a salt thereof and (b) protein containing an amino acid sequence identical or substantially identical with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO. 46, SEQ ID NO. 47, SEQ ID NO. 48, SEQ ID NO. 49, SEQ ID NO. 50 or SEQ ID NO. 51, or its partial peptide, or a salt thereof is useful as, for example, a preventive/therapeutic agent for cancer, etc. On the other hand, a compound, or its salt, capable of promoting the above conjugation is useful as, for example, a preventive/therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative disorder, etc.
The present invention refers to a method for producing uniform-sized particles from solid compounds. A suitable solid compound is initially dissolved in a suitable solvent. Then, a precipitation liquid is infused so as to precipitate non-agglomerated particles with essentially uniform mean diameter. The particles are subsequently resolved by the solvent. Depending on the solid compound and the requested size of the particles, the temperature, non-solvent to solvent relation, infusion speed, agitation speed and volume parameters can vary according to the invention. The precipitation liquid can be aqueous or non-aqueous depending on the relative solubility of the compound and the desired dispersant.
Black and Latinx persons are at higher risk for certain autoimmune and inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIRD) and have experienced worse COVID-19 outcomes compared to their white counterparts. Given the risks of severe COVID-19 outcomes such as hospitalization and death in people with AIRD, COVID-19 vaccine is recommended in this population. Historically, overall vaccine uptake among people with AIRDs has been low, and this vaccine reluctance has extended to COVID-19 vaccination. While additional COVID-19 vaccine doses have offered considerable added protection against severe outcomes, only 20% of all vaccinated persons in Alabama (AL) and 45% in Massachusetts have obtained an additional dose of COVID-19 vaccine as of October 2022. Racial and ethnic minority groups have faced disparities in obtaining subsequent COVID-19 vaccines, particularly in under-resourced communities, including those in Alabama and Massachusetts. Together, these obstacles exacerbate existing health inequities among people of color and perpetuate worse COVID-19 outcomes.

We will conduct a randomized controlled study to test an intervention that seeks to address gaps in COVID-19 vaccine information and access inequities common in Black and Latinx populations.
PURPOSE: To obtain a cosmetic formulated with noncrystalline calcium phosphate particles, capable of maintaining the skin in its normal state through removing skin sebum waste products and suppressing skin chapping and/or skin inflammation caused by pimple, etc. CONSTITUTION: This cosmetic contains 0.1-50 (pref. 0.5-20)wt.% of noncrystalline calcium phosphate (abbreviated as ACP) particles. The ACP particles can be obtained by granulating an ACP fine particle-contg. slurry prepared by the following process: an aqueous phosphoric acid solution is dripped into a calcium hydroxide suspension under agitation to adjust pH of the suspension to 5-10 to form ACP fine particles followed by addition of an organic dispersant (e.g. ammonium triacrylate) to obtain the aimed slurry containing ACP fine particles <=0.1μm in diameter. The granulation is conducted by e.g. spray drying process.  The cosmetic can be prepared, through optional formulation of other general-purpose ingredients other than the ACP particles to form into such formulations as foundation, face powder, eyeliner, eye shadow, anti-suntan cream, anhidrotics, rouge, milky lotion, and face lotion.
Since regional anesthesia has largely replaced general anesthesia, the risk of aspiration pneumonitis during cesarean sections has significantly decreased. Nevertheless, precaution against gastric aspiration is still vital in patients in whom regional anesthesia contraindicated or in whom general anesthesia has to be administered (for example; during emergency cesarean delivery). The administration of intravenous anesthetics reduces the level of consciousness of a patient that compromises the protective reflexes of the upper airways. Moreover, a high level of sedation also reduces the tone of the LES (lower oesophageal sphincter). Both these situations predispose the risk of aspiration pneumonia in patients awaiting surgical interventions in supine position under general anesthesia .

The risk of aspiration increases in outpatients if the volume of the gastric contents increases beyond 25 ml, and its pH falls below 2.5. However, the risk of aspiration significantly decreases in "fasted" outpatients. Since most patients awaiting elective surgery remains fasted, routine prophylaxis for preventing aspiration pneumonitis not recommended anymore. Studies suggest that metoclopramide, in combination with H2-receptor antagonists (such as cimetidine), significantly reduces the risk of postoperative emesis and aspiration pneumonitis. However, the time available for administering oral prophylaxis with such anti-emetic and anti-histaminic is too short for these medications to be effective
Distinguishing between pathologic complete response and residual cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is crucial for treatment decisions, but the current imaging methods face challenges. To address this, we developed deep-learning models using post-NAC dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and clinical data. A total of 852 women with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive or triple-negative breast cancer were randomly divided into a training set (n = 724) and a validation set (n = 128). A 3D convolutional neural network model was trained on the training set and validated independently. The main models were developed using cropped MRI images, but models using uncropped whole images were also explored. The delayed-phase model demonstrated superior performance compared to the early-phase model (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.74 vs. 0.69, P = 0.013) and the combined model integrating multiple dynamic phases and clinical data (AUC = 0.74 vs. 0.70, P = 0.022). Deep-learning models using uncropped whole images exhibited inferior performance, with AUCs ranging from 0.45 to 0.54. Further refinement and external validation are necessary for enhanced accuracy.
Activated microglia-induced inflammation in the hippocampus plays an important role in perioperative neurocognitive disorders. Previous studies have shown that sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 3 (hSiglec-3, ortholog of mouse Siglec-E) engagement in microglia and its glycan ligands on neurons contributes to inflammatory homeostasis through an endogenous negative regulation pathway. This study aimed to explore whether the glycan ligand alteration on neurons plays a role in sevoflurane-induced perioperative neurocognitive disorders. This study's data has shown that a slight Siglec-E ligands' expression decrease does not induce inflammation homeostasis disruption. We also demonstrated that the ligand level on neurons was decreased with age, and the reduced Siglec-E ligand expression on neurons caused via sevoflurane was induced by neuraminidase 1. Furthermore, this study has shown that the Siglec-E ligand expression decline caused by age and sevoflurane treatment could decrease the ligands' level, thus leading to inflammatory homeostasis disruption. This research provided a novel mechanism for perioperative neurocognitive disorder susceptibility in the elderly.
FIELD: organic chemistry, amino acids. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the synthesis of difficultly soluble salts of carboxylic acids, amines and amino acids of the formula (I) at the definite radical values. These compounds were prepared by addition of triethylamine to the corresponding carboxylic acid aqueous or spirituous suspension followed by interaction of the obtained water-soluble complex with an aqueous or spirituous solution of mineral salt or the corresponding amine or amino acid. The end product obtained by crystallization is washed off with water. Synthesized compounds were used in medicine, chemistry and agriculture. EFFECT: improved method of synthesis. 1 tbl
This is a double-blind, randomized, 4-way crossover, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) study to compare the cutaneous vasoreactive intensity to intradermal injections of Substance P in healthy volunteers receiving oral doses of 20 mg, 50 mg or 100 mg VLY-686 or a matching placebo. Twelve healthy male subjects satisfying the selection criteria for the study will be enrolled. Each subject will participate in a screening period (up to 21 days prior to dosing), four one-day treatment periods each separated by a 7 (±2 days) day washout period, and an end-of-study evaluation prior to discharge from the study. This protocol also includes an option of subjects administered daily doses of study medication between Periods 3 and 4. The treatment periods will be in a randomized sequence consisting of 1) 20 mg VLY-686, 2) 50 mg VLY-686, 100 mg VLY-686 and 4) placebo. In each of the study periods, Substance P will be injected 5 times: pre-dose (the night before), 2, 4, 8 and 12 hours (± 10 minutes) after study medication administration. A dose of 100 μL of a 2.5 nmol/mL sterile solution of Substance P will be injected each time. Overall, subjects will be administered 1.25 nmol of Substance P in around 24 hours (5 doses). Substance P injections will be given in the volar of the forearm, alternating right and left and avoiding injections in an area adjacent to the area previously injected. The subject's forearm will be covered during and after each injection to avoid potential biases in the scoring of the Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Additionally, blood samples for VLY-686 pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis will be collected each period at pre-dose, 1, 3, 6, 10, and 24 hours after study medication administration.
BACKGROUND: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is associated with inflammation. The systematic immune-inflammation index (SII), as a new inflammation marker, was applied to predict the risk of diseases. However, no research explores the relationship between SII and ED. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association between SII and ED.
METHODS: Related data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2004. Based on self-report, all participants were classified into ED and non-ED group. Weighted multivariate regression analysis the relationship between categorical SII and ED in unadjusted and adjusted models. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to examine the association of continuous SII and ED risk. Furthermore, the association between categorical SII and the risk of ED was evaluated among subgroups of age, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Finally, weighted multivariate regression analysis and RCS were performed to assessed the connection between SII and the risk of severe ED.
RESULTS: Initially, data on 21,161 participants were obtained. After implementing the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 3436 participants were included in analyses. Weighted multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that Q4 group SII was associated with an increased risk of ED (OR = 1.03, 95% confidence intervals: 1.00-1.05, p = .03). RCS showed SII was nonlinearly associated with the risk of ED, and the inflection point of SII was at 485.530. In addition, subgroup analyses demonstrated that participants in the SII > 485.530 group had a higher ED risk than SII ≤ 485.530 group among subgroups of age ≥50, hypertension, and non-diabetes. Weighted multivariate regression analysis and RCS found no relationship of SII and the risk of severe ED.
CONCLUSION: In US adults, SII > 485.530 was correlated with an increased risk of ED. While, no significant association between SII and severe ED risk. Additional studies are required to support our results.
OBJECTIVE: Low primary patency rate is a major problem of radio-cephalic arteriovenous fistula (RC-AVF) creation. Radial artery deviation and reimplantation (RADAR) is associated with low juxta-anastomotic stenosis rate. However, inflow artery stenosis is prominent with RADAR. To further reduce injury to veins and arteries during operation, a modified no-touch technique (MNTT) was used to create RC-AVF.
METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed our prospectively maintained database of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD)s undergoing RC-AVF creation for hemodialysis using either the MNTT between January 2021 and January 2022 (MNTT group) or conventional surgical procedure ( end-to-side vein-to-artery anastomosis) between October 2016 and October 2017 (Control group). Patients who chose to undergo RC-AVF surgery underwent standardized preoperative mapping and postoperative fistula evaluations using duplex ultrasound. Additionally, 4D flow MRI data were used to visualize and quantify the hemodynamics of one RC-AVF by MNTT. Outcomes included primary patency, juxta-anastomotic stenosis, and maturation rates.
RESULTS: Forty patients underwent RC-AVFs by MNTT, compared to 60 patients in the control group. The MNTT group had a higher primary unassisted patency rate than the control group (p = 0.038). Juxta-anastomotic stenosis (all on the cephalic vein) occurred in 4 (10%) patients who underwent MNTT. RC-AVF maturation rates after 3 months were not different between both groups (maturation rate: 90% and 81.7% in the MNTT and control groups, respectively, p = 0.253). COX regression showed that both conventional AVF surgery (p = 0.031) and smaller cephalic vein diameter (p = 0.034) were associated with higher odds of RC-AVF failure. The AVF flow within the proximal vein remained helical during cardiac cycle. The distribution of wall shear stress (WSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI) differed from that of conventional surgical AVF.
CONCLUSION: RC-AVF by MNTT increases primary patency rate and decreases juxta-anastomotic stenosis rate. The improvement in hemodynamics may be one of the important reasons for the better patency rate of in the RC-AVF by MNTT group.
The present invention provides use of cancer-associated short exons to assist cancer diagnosis and prognosis prediction. Specifically, the present invention provides use of cancer-associated short exons (CASEs) or a detection reagent thereof. The cancer-associated short exons are used as markers for determining whether a tissue sample is cancer or predicting the prognosis effect of a cancer patient, and can be used for preparing a reagent or a kit. The reagent or the kit is used for determining the occurrence risk of cancer and the prognosis condition of a cancer patient. The cancer-associated short exons are listed in Table A. According to the present invention, the cancer-associated short exons are used as markers for determining the occurrence risk of cancer and determining the prognosis and survival period of a cancer patient, and have the characteristics of high sensitivity and high specificity.
PURPOSE:To increase encapsulating quantity and to obtain a microcapsule improved in the color forming printing characteristic on pressure-sensitive copying paper, by including a hydrophobic liquid in a yeast cell dispersion having 1-3C monohydric alcohol added thereto in a dispersed state. CONSTITUTION:Yeast belonging to Ascomycetes, primitive Ascomycetes, Fungi Imperfecti, Cryptococcales or the like is dispersed using an emulsifier to prepare a yeast dispersion. 1-4C monohydric alcohol is added and compounded in said yeast dispersion in an amount of 0.01-4pts. per 1pts. of a yeast cell (dry pts.wt.). A hydrophobic liquid such as paraffin oil or soybean oil is added to the yeast dispersion having alcohol added thereto and the resulting mixture is heated under stirring to prepare a microcapsule. The concn. (dry solid basis) of the yeast cell in the yeast dispersion is pref. 10-20wt%.