anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Pasturella multocida (P. multocida), a gram-negative bacterium, has long been a focus of interest in animal health because of its capacity to cause different infections, including hemorrhagic septicemia. Yaks, primarily found in high-altitude environments, are among the several livestock animals affected by these bacteria. Yaks are essential to the socioeconomic life of the people who depend on them since they are adapted to the cold and hypoxic conditions of highland environments. Nevertheless, these terrains exhibit a greater incidence of P. multocida despite the severe environmental complications. This predominance has been linked to the possible attenuation of the yak's immunological responses in such circumstances and the evolution of some bacterial strains to favor survival in the respiratory passages of the animals. Moreover, these particular strains threaten other cattle populations that interact with yaks, which might result in unanticipated outbreaks in areas previously thought to be low risk. Considering these findings, designing and executing preventative and control strategies suited explicitly for these distinct biological environments is imperative. Through such strategies, yaks' health will be guaranteed, and a larger bovine population will be safeguarded against unanticipated epidemics. The current review provides thorough insights that were previously dispersed among several investigations. Its distinct method of connecting the ecology of yaks with the dynamics of infection offers substantial background information for further studies and livestock management plans.
The invention discloses a paste film for treating oral ulcer and a preparation method thereof. The paste film comprises 5-8g of dyclonine hydrochloride, 5-10g of chlortetracycline hydrochloride, 3-5g of metronidazole, 0.1-0.3g of dexamethasone sodium phosphate, 30-60g of sodium alginate, 100-150ml of ethanol, 30-80ml of glycerin and the balance purified water, wherein the total volume of the above ingredients is 1000ml. The invention also provides a preparation method of the paste film. The preparation method comprises the following steps of 1, taking sodium alginate, soaking the sodium alginate in ethanol and grinding the moistened sodium alginate in a mortar, 2, taking dyclonine hydrochloride, dissolving the dyclonine hydrochloride by ethanol, and slowly adding the solution into the ground sodium alginate obtained by the step 1, 3, dissolving metronidazole and dexamethasone sodium phosphate in water, slowly adding the solution into the mixed solution obtained by the steps 1 and 2 and carrying out continuous grinding, 4, taking chlortetracycline hydrochloride, adding glycerinum into the chlortetracycline hydrochloride for moistening, slowly adding the mixture into the mixed solution obtained by the step 3 and carrying out continuous stirring to obtain a uniform mixture, and 5, preparing a film, carrying out drying and carrying out split charging. The paste film can be used for treating oral ulcer or oral inflammation and has effects of diminishing inflammation and relieving pain. The paste film can be pasted to an affected part. The preparation method has simple processes and substantial curative effects.
Chloroquine is rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and only a small proportion of the administered dose is found in the stools. Approximately 55% of the drug in the plasma is bound to nondiffusible plasma constituents. Excretion of chloroquine is quite slow but is increased by acidification of the urine. Chloroquine is deposited in the tissues in considerable amounts. In animals, from 200 to 700 times the plasma concentration may be found in the liver, spleen, kidney, and lung; leukocytes also concentrate the drug. The brain and spinal cord, in contrast, contain only 10 to 30 times the amount present in plasma.

Chloroquine undergoes appreciable degradation in the body. The main metabolite is desethylchloroquine, which accounts for one fourth of the total material appearing in the urine; bisdesethylchloroquine, a carboxylic acid derivative, and other metabolic products as yet uncharacterized are found in small amounts. Slightly more than half of the urinary drug products can be accounted for as unchanged chloroquine.

Cardiac Electrophysiology

QTc interval prolongation was studied in a randomized, placebo-controlled parallel trial in 116 healthy subjects who received either chloroquine (1000 mg) alone or in combination with oral azithromycin (500 mg, 1000 mg, and 1500 mg once daily). Co-administration of azithromycin increased the QTc interval in a dose- and concentration- dependent manner. In comparison to chloroquine alone, the maximum mean (95% upper confidence bound) increases in QTcF were 5 ms, 7 (12) ms and 9 (14) ms with the co-administration of 500 mg, 1000 mg and 1500 mg azithromycin, respectively.

Microbiology

Mechanism of Action: Chloroquine, a 4-aminoquinoline, is an anti-protozoal agent. The precise mechanism by which chloroquine exhibits activity is not known.   
Chloroquine, may exert its effect against Plasmodiumspecies by concentrating in the acid vesicles of the parasite and by inhibiting polymerization of heme. It can also inhibit certain enzymes by its interaction with DNA. 

Activity in Vitroand in Clinical Infections: Chloroquine is active against the erythrocytic forms of susceptible strains of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium vivax. Chloroquine is not active against the gametocytes and the exoerythrocytic forms including the hypnozoite stage ( P. vivaxand P. ovale) of the Plasmodiumparasites. 

In vitrostudies with Chloroquine demonstrated that it is active against the trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica.

Drug Resistance: Resistance of Plasmodiumparasites to chloroquine is widespread (see INDICATIONS AND USAGE, Limitations of Use in Malariaand WARNINGS). 

Plasmodiumparasites exhibiting reduced susceptibility to hydroxychloroquine also show reduced susceptibility to chloroquine. 

Patients in whom chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine have failed to prevent or cure clinical malaria or parasitemia, or patients who acquired malaria in a geographic area where chloroquine resistance is known to occur should be treated with another form of antimalarial therapy (see WARNINGSand INDICATIONS AND USAGE, Limitations of Use).
BACKGROUND: Decreases in symptom load and improvements in quality of life are important goals in the invasive treatment of symptomatic chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). To date, it is not known which patients profit most from the invasive treatment.
METHODS: This sub-analysis of the prospective, multi-centre PLA-pCi-EBO trial includes 145 patients with symptomatic CCS and successful PCI. The prespecified endpoints angina pectoris and quality of life (Seattle Angina Questionnaire-SAQ) were assessed 1 and 6 months after PCI. Predictors of symptom improvement were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS: Quality of life, physical limitation, and angina frequency markedly improved 6 months after PCI. Worse baseline health status (i.e., low SAQ subscales) was the best predictor of highly clinically relevant improvements (≥ 20 points in SAQ subscales) in symptom load and quality of life. Demographic factors (age, sex, body-mass index) and cardiovascular disease severity (number of involved vessels, ejection fraction) did not predict relevant improvements after PCI. The influence of psychologic traits has not previously been assessed. We found that neither optimism nor pessimism had a relevant effect on symptomatic outcome. However, patients who exercised more after PCI had a much larger improvement in quality of life despite no differences in physical limitation or angina frequency.
CONCLUSION: PCI effectively reduces symptom load and improves quality of life in patients with symptomatic CCS. Reduced baseline health status (symptom load, quality of life) are the only relevant predictors for improvements after PCI. Physical activity after PCI is associated with greater benefits for quality of life.
TRIAL REGISTRY: The German Clinical Trials Register registration number is DRKS0001752.
OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the intolerable dose level of intoplicine in patients with locally advanced or metastatic cancer. II. Determine recommended phase II dose of intoplicine in these patients. III. Determine the principal and dose limiting toxicities of intoplicine in these patients, and determine the duration and reversibility of the toxicities. IV. Determine the magnitude of plasma concentrations that are achieved and maintained on this regimen and relate this parameter to toxicity outcome and antitumor activity. V. Determine preliminary evidence of antitumor activity of intoplicine in these patients.

OUTLINE: This is a dose escalation study. The first 3 patients receive intoplicine IV by continuous infusion for 5 days. Treatment is repeated every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Subsequent cohorts of 3-6 patients receive escalating doses of intoplicine, first by increasing the number of days that the drug is infused to 10, 15, and 21, then by increasing the dosage and keeping the infusion time constant at 21 days. The intolerable dose level is defined as the lowest dose at which at least 2 of 3 or 6 patients experience dose limiting toxicity during course 1 or 2.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 20-35 patients will be accrued for this study.
Four episodes of 5 minutes during which the pressure in the cuff is equal to venous pressure are performed. Between all the episodes there is a 5-minute pause.
PURPOSE: A crude drug composition for preventing and treating atopic dermatitis is provided to suppress inflammatory cytokines, to strengthen autoimmunity using crude drug ingredients without side effects. CONSTITUTION: A crude drug composition for preventing and treating atopic dermatitis contains crude drug ingredients. The crude drug composition includes persimmon leaves, Macrocarpium officinale NAKAI, Ulmus davidiana var. japonica, Cirsium japonicum, Polygonatum odoratum var. pluriflorum, Citrus unshiu peel, Peuraria thunbergiana, jujube, Astragalus membranaceus BUNGE, Angelica gigas Nakai, cinnamon, red ginseng, Poria cocos, Cnidii rhizome, Glycyrrhizae radix, Inonotus obliquus, and Coriolus versicolor. A method for preparing the crude drug composition comprises: a step of preparing persimmon leaves, Macrocarpium officinale NAKAI, Ulmus davidiana var. japonica, Cirsium japonicum, Polygonatum odoratum var. pluriflorum, Citrus unshiu peel, Peuraria thunbergiana, jujube, Astragalus membranaceus BUNGE, Angelica gigas Nakai, cinnamon, red ginseng, Poria cocos, Cnidii rhizome, Glycyrrhizae radix, Inonotus obliquus, and Coriolus versicolor; a step of 100 g of each ingredient and 2-3 L of water and heating at 150-250 deg. C for 4-8 hours; and a step of concentrating.
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a PEG/Dex double aqueous phase-based calcium carbonate/calcium alginate composite microcapsule. The double water phase (dextran/polyethylene glycol) liquid drop is used as a template to generate the composite microcapsule. The composite microcapsule has good monodispersity, and the particle size can be accurately regulated from several micrometers to several millimeters. The microcapsule is of a hollow structure, the capsule wall of the microcapsule is double-layer, the thickness of the capsule wall is controllable (about 1/50-1/4 of the particle size of the microcapsule), the inner side of the capsule is a compact calcium carbonate layer, and the outer side of the capsule is a calcium alginate layer. Compared with a pure calcium alginate microcapsule, the microcapsule has good mechanical strength and a compact capsule wall structure, avoids the damage of shearing force to a capsule layer, and inhibits the leakage of contents. The microcapsule can construct a low-leakage drug delivery system, and can also be used for preparing an immobilized enzyme carrier which has the advantages of more recycling times, long storage time and difficult swelling. The invention expands the application of the calcium alginate microcapsule in the fields of biological medicine, food industry, daily chemical industry, enzyme engineering and the like.
The invention relates to a kind of natural medicine of broad spectrum antibiotic. At present, the broad spectrum antibiotic medicine with high effect and safety is at shortage all round the world. The invention is intended to extract unsaturated polyoses, polyoses alcohol or phenolic compounds with the main formula weight under 4,000 and with the content of hydrosulphonyl, thioalcohol, alkene and/or alkane radicals, from plant chickweed or other chickweed plant with two resin adsorption methods or a water extraction and alcohol precipition method, especially the compound with flavonoid compound and total phenolic glycoside ingredients. Therefore, the compound in the invention can be applied to cure ADIS virus, hepatitis virus, influenza virus and parainfluenza virus comprising SARS, adenovirus, verruca acuminate virus, enterovirus, mumps virus, herpes simplex virus, herpes zoster virus and varicella. No toxic effect has been found in the application. What is more, the invention can be made into 10 sorts of formulation, disinfector and health-improving products.
Acute otitis media is a significant world wide problem commonly affecting children between 6 and 18 months, and is the most frequent reason for childhood illness visits to a physician in the US. By three years of age, 50-70% of children will have had one episode, while one-third will have had more than three. Persistence of middle ear effusion following an episode of acute otitis media is thought to predispose the child to recurrent infection. The standard care for recurrent acute otitis media includes long term antibiotic prophylaxis and surgery. The risks of standard care are recognized, and alternative means of treating acute disease and preventing recurrent otitis media are needed.

For over a century, osteopathic physicians have reported favorable clinical outcomes in children treated with osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) in addition to standard medical care. To determine if a standardized OMM protocol will reduce the duration of middle ear effusion (MEE) after onset of acute otitis media, we outline a prospective, randomized, blinded, multi-center efficacy study of children ages six months to two years with a single episode of acute otitis media. Subjects will be randomized into one of two treatment groups: standard care plus OMM and standard care only. Subjects will be followed for one month to determine rate of resolution of middle ear effusion following onset of the acute otitis media. Statistical analysis will determine any differences between subjects in the two treatment groups.
Non-smokers, ages 18-80, diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease. Must meet the 2011 National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association and the 1984 National Institute for Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's disease and Related Disorders Association criteria for probable AD.
Patients receive gefitinib PO QD on days 1-28 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 28 days for up to 6 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo blood sample collection throughout the study. Patients also undergo tumor biopsy on study and optionally at the end of treatment.
Renal fibrosis is a typical pathological change from chronic kidney disease (CKD) to end-stage renal failure, which presents significant challenges in prevention and treatment. The progression of renal fibrosis is closely associated with the "gut-kidney axis," therefore, although clinical intervention to modulate the "gut-kidney axis" imbalance associated with renal fibrosis brings hope for its treatment. In this study, we first identified the close relationship between renal fibrosis development and the intestinal microenvironment through fecal microtransplantation and non-absorbable antibiotics experiments. Then, we analyzed the specific connection between the intestinal microenvironment and renal fibrosis using microbiomics and metabolomics, screening for the differential intestinal metabolite. Potential metabolite action targets were initially identified through network simulation of molecular docking and further verified by molecular biology experiment. We used flow cytometry, TUNEL apoptosis staining, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting to assess renal injury and fibrosis extent, exploring the potential role of gut microbial metabolite in renal fibrosis development. We discovered that CKD-triggered alterations in the intestinal microenvironment exacerbate renal injury and fibrosis. When metabolomic analysis was combined with experiments in vivo, we found that the differential metabolite xylitol delays renal injury and fibrosis development. We further validated this hypothesis at the cellular level. Mechanically, bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) protein exhibits strong binding with xylitol, and xylitol alleviates renal fibrosis by inhibiting BRD4 and its downstream transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway. In summary, our findings suggest that the natural intestinal metabolite xylitol mitigates renal fibrosis by inhibiting the BRD4-regulated TGF-β pathway.
The present invention addresses the problem of providing a gastrointestinal mucosa protective composition for inhibiting the occurrence of gastrointestinal mucosal disorders, for example, when an oral drug that induces gastrointestinal mucosal disorders is administered. The gastrointestinal mucosa protective composition of the present invention, which is a solution to the above problems, is characterized by comprising at least a macromolecular polysaccharide, sodium bicarbonate and/or magnesium carbonate, and a polyhydric alcohol. According to the gastrointestinal mucosa-protecting composition of the present invention, sodium bicarbonate or magnesium carbonate foams by contacting with gastric juice in the stomach, thereby generating a diffusing force for the macromolecular polysaccharide. The force can make the macromolecular polysaccharide quickly dissolved or dispersed in gastric juice, so that the macromolecular polysaccharide can effectively play the role of protecting gastric mucosa. In addition, the polymeric polysaccharide dissolved or dispersed in gastric juice enters the intestine without being degraded in the stomach, and then dissolves in the intestinal juice having a neutral or alkaline pH, and exerts an intestinal mucosa protective effect without being degraded in the intestine. The polyhydric alcohol may function as a dispersion medium of the powdery macropolysaccharide and sodium bicarbonate or magnesium carbonate, or the gastrointestinal mucosa-protecting composition of the present invention may be formulated into various dosage forms depending on the nature and the amount used.
PURPOSE:The titled composition obtain by linking a specific copolymer to a polypeptide or glycoprotein having physiological activities derived from human. CONSTITUTION:A polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene copolymer is linked to a polypeptide or glycoprotein (e.g., chorionic gonadotropic hormone, human menopausal ganadotropin, growth hormone, etc.) derived from human, namely, extracted from human urine, placenta, blood components, or derived from the blood components, or prepared by tissue culture of human cell in the presence of a binder (e.g., 2,4,6-trichloro-S-triazine, dibromosuccinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, etc.), to give a sustained release composition. It has an effect to prolong >=10-20 times as long as the sustained release time of the active substance, and is slightly subjected to actions of protease and various kinds of inhibitors in the blood. It is administered orally or parenterally.
BACKGROUND: For biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer, treatments such as radiation therapy and androgen deprivation therapy are administered. To diagnose postoperative recurrence as early as possible and to intervene with treatment at the appropriate time, it is essential to accurately predict recurrence after radical prostatectomy. However, postoperative recurrence involves numerous patient-related factors, making its prediction challenging. The purpose of this study is to accurately predict the timing of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy and to analyze the risk factors for follow-up of high-risk patients and early detection of recurrence.
METHODS: We utilized the machine learning survival analysis model called the Random Survival Forest utilizing the 58 clinical factors from 548 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy at Chiba University Hospital. To visualize prognostic factors and assess accuracy of the time course probability, we employed SurvSHAP(t) and time-dependent Area Under Cureve(AUC).
RESULTS: The time-dependent AUC of RSF was 0.785, which outperformed the Cox proportional hazards model (0.704), the Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (CAPRA) score (0.710), and the D'Amico score (0.658). The key prognostic factors for early recurrence were Gleason score(GS), Seminal vesicle invasion(SV), and PSA. The contribution of PSA to recurrence decreases after the first year, while SV and GS increase over time.
CONCLUSION: Our prognostic model analyzed the time-dependent relationship between the timing of recurrence and prognostic factors. Our study achieved personalized prognosis analysis and its rationale after radical prostatectomy by employing machine learning prognostic model. This prognostic model contributes to the early detection of recurrence by enabling clinicians to conduct appropriate follow-ups for high-risk patients.
Patients will perform a supervised physical exercise program specifically developed for breast cancer patients, based on the guidelines of the American College of Sports Medicine. The physical exercise program comprises 3 weekly sessions of 60 minutes each. Each session will involve an initial warm-up with light mobility exercises, followed by resistance and aerobic training and ending with a return to calm phase of light stretching exercises.