anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the world's most prevalent cancer, and many breast cancer patients undergo mastectomy as the choice of treatment, often with post-mastectomy breast reconstruction. Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) use has become a method to improve outcomes of reconstruction for these patients. We aimed to compare postoperative complications and patient-reported outcomes, which are still poorly characterized, between groups utilizing acellular dermal matrix during reconstruction and those without.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched electronic databases from inception to 16 June 2022 for randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies comparing the outcomes of patients who have and have not received acellular dermal matrix in implant-based breast reconstruction. The results were quantitatively combined and analyzed using random-effects models.
RESULTS: A total of nine studies were included, representing 3161 breasts. There was no significant difference in postoperative outcomes, such as seroma formation (p = 0.51), hematomas (p = 0.20), infections (p = 0.21), wound dehiscence (p = 0.09), reoperations (p = 0.70), implant loss (p = 0.27), or skin necrosis (p = 0.21). Only two of the studies included evaluated patient-reported outcomes between the use and non-use of ADM in implant-based breast reconstruction using BREAST-Q questionnaire, as well as self-reported pain. There was no reported significant difference in BREAST-Q or pain scores.
CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis shows comparable short- and long-term outcomes between ADM and non-ADM breast reconstruction, suggesting that the use of ADM may not be necessary in all cases given their additional cost. However, there is a paucity of data for patient-reported outcomes, and further research is required to determine whether ADM use affects patient-reported outcomes.
Hydromorphone hydrochloride, a hydrogenated ketone of morphine, is an opioid analgesic.

The chemical name of hydromorphone hydrochloride is 4,5α-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methylmorphinan-6-one hydrochloride. The structural formula of hydromorphone hydrochloride is:

C17H19NO3 • HCl M.W. 321.8

Each hydromorphone hydrochloride tablet USP, 2 mg contains 2 mg hydromorphone hydrochloride. Each hydromorphone hydrochloride tablet USP, 4 mg contains 4 mg hydromorphone hydrochloride. Each hydromorphone hydrochloride tablet USP, 8 mg contains 8 mg hydromorphone hydrochloride. In addition, the tablets include anhydrous lactose, lactose monohydrate, and magnesium stearate.
Starting IV infusion rate of 80 μg/kg/min for 3 minutes, followed by 45 μg/kg/min until the procedure is complete. Up to 2 supplemental bolus injections of 50 μg/kg ABP-700 separated by a minimum of 5 minutes may be administered in order to achieve and/or maintain adequate procedure conditions.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the powder having both effects of giving good texture and color to a skin and suitable for cosmetics by incorporating a dye into silica. SOLUTION: A dye. preferably a yellow dye (e.g. yellow iron oxide, yellow No.4 aluminum chelate) is incorporated into silica by preferably 0.1 to 30 wt.%, more preferably 0.5 to 25 wt.%, and further preferably 1 to 20 wt.%. The powder can be produced, for example, by dissolving or dispersing a silicate such as sodium silicate and a dye in an aq. carrier and/or a lower alcohol as a solvent, adding an acid to produce a silica gel, taking out the silica gel, cleaning the gel, and heating to remove the solvent. The powder has 0.01 to 20 μm average particle size, preferably 0.05 to 15 μm, and especially preferably 0.1 to 10 μm. If necessary, a powder material such as tale can be added as an optional component, however, it is not preferable when the silica purity decreases to <70%.
There have been limited reports of intra-arterial injection of midazolam. Adverse events have included local reactions, as well as isolated reports of seizure activity in which no clear causal relationship was established. Precautions against unintended intra-arterial injection should be taken. Extravasation should also be avoided.  
The safety and efficacy of midazolam following nonintravenous and nonintramuscular routes of administration have not been established. Midazolam should only be administered intramuscularly or intravenously.
The present invention is a system for collaborative programming of data entry workflows between end users, Electronic Health Record (EHR) system developers, and third party developers. The system comprises application servers, database servers, an EHR, and peripheral devices, all stored in a distributed computing environment. The database servers comprise databases and networked devices, which host workflows programmed by end users, EHR developers, and third party developers. The system also has a secure network connection for data exchange between application and database servers, and networked devices. The EHR gathers patient health information, processes it and stores it in one of the databases. The system itself, stored in one of the application servers, uses a plurality of templates (form, system and external system) stored in one of the databases to interact with the peripheral devices connected to networked devices that expand the capabilities of the networked devices or the EHR itself.
African trypanosomiases and leishmaniases are significant neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) that affect millions globally, with severe health and socio-economic consequences, especially in endemic regions. Understanding the pathogenesis and dissemination of Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania spp. parasites within their hosts is pivotal for the development of effective interventions. Whole-body bioluminescence and fluorescence imaging systems (BLI and FLI, respectively), are powerful tools to visualize and quantify the progression and distribution of these parasites in real-time within live animal models. By combining this technology with the engineering of stable T. brucei and Leishmania spp. strains expressing luciferase and/or fluorescent proteins, crucial aspects of the infection process including the parasites' homing, the infection dynamics, the tissue tropism, or the efficacy of experimental treatments and vaccines can be deeply investigated. This methodology allows for enhanced sensitivity and resolution, elucidating previously unrecognized infection niches and dynamics. Importantly, whole-body in vivo imaging is non-invasive, enabling for longitudinal studies during the course of an infection in the same animal, thereby aligning with the "3Rs" principle of animal research. Here, we detail a protocol for the generation of dual-reporter T. brucei and L. major, and their use to infect mice and follow the spatiotemporal dynamics of infection by in vivo imaging systems. Additionally, 3D micro-computed tomography (μCT) coupled to BLI in T. brucei-infected animals is applied to gain insights into the anatomical parasite distribution. This Chapter underscores the potential of these bioimaging modalities as indispensable tools in parasitology, paving the way for novel therapeutic strategies and deeper insights into host-parasite interactions.
After puncturing the lesion, the stylet will be slowly and gradually withdrawn for at least 40cm. The sample will be pushed into formalin using the stylet.
Participants will continue on the modified Atkins diet (with a 20 net grams carbohydrate per day limit) and add betaquik® (a liquid emulsion of medium chain triglycerides) for 10 days per month for 5 months. The days chosen are based on their particular catamenial pattern (there are 3 types that have been identified in the literature).
Aminophenyl and aminoheteroaryl cpds. (I) of formula XNR-Q-Z and their acid-addn. and cationic salts are new. In the formula, Q is (Y)m-substd.-p-phenylene or a 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl ring contg. >=1 N, S or O and opt substd. by 1F. R is H or a group convertible in vivo to H. Z is COJ or BCOOJ1. J is H, OH, lower alkoxy or other specified functional groups. B is lower alkylene opt. unsatd. J1 is H, lower alkyl or other specified functional gps. Y is lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, OH, NO2, acyloxy or halogen. m is 0-4. The nature of X depends on the precise Q substit. present, X being e.g. hydrocarbyl or cyclohydrocarbyl, both opt. substd. (I) are hypolipidaemic agents that lower serum lipid levels and sometimes triglyceride levels also, and they minimise atheroma formation in the aorta. (I) are useful for treating hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerotic states found in subjects prone to, or with, heart attacks, peripheral or cerebral vascular disease and strokes. (I) do not act through blockage of late stages of cholesterol biosynthesis and so accumulation of desmosterol, etc., does not occur. A typical cpd. (I) is p-(cyclohexylmethylamino)benzoic acid.
Undesirable hypothermia is that the perioperative body temperature is below 36 ° C. Perioperative heat loss is higher in pediatric patients than in adult patients. One of the most common side effects of general anesthesia is nausea and vomiting. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of changes in body temperature in the perioperative period on postoperative nausea and vomiting.We planned to perform prospectively in 80 children with ASA I according to the American Society of Anesthesia (ASA) Anesthesia Risk Scale between 6 months and 7 years of age in both sexes who underwent inguinal hernia, undescended testes and hydrocele surgery. In all patients, heating blanket was placed on the operation table and standard heat was used. After the placement of the LMA, a nasopharyngeal heat probe was placed for central body temperature measurement and monitored throughout the operation. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate and body temperature were recorded. Demographic data, type of operation, duration of operation and intraoperative fentanyl requirement of all cases were recorded. Analgesic and antiemetic requirements, presence of nausea and vomiting (according to numerical sequence scale) were recorded in the recovery room at 6, 12 and 24 hours postoperatively
To date, no one has tested whether the prompting features of commercially available wrist-worn devices (e.g., Jawbone Up) improve breaks from sitting. Single case designs are a cost-effective way to conduct a controlled, randomized study that can inform larger intervention trials. Because the investigators are interested in ascertaining the effect of a very specific intervention on a very specific/single outcome, this study is well-suited to this approach.

The investigators will conduct iterative single case experimental studies using randomization tests. This design can help evaluate technologies for behavior change. To increase statistical power, the investigators opted to conduct an ABA study design (also termed a reversal design) where A is baseline and B is an intervention. Using randomization tests, the length of each A and B phase are determined to vary randomly in length prior to the beginning of each participant's experiment. The investigators will constrain the total time of each A and B phase to last a minimum of 5 days to provide adequate exposure to the A (measurement only) and B (intervention) conditions. The maximum total number of days participants will be enrolled is 28.
It has been reported that subjects with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have higher incidence of cancers compared with general population. Because of the genetic and traditional commonalities between the underlying causes of CVD and cancers, the investigators hypothesized that shared molecular mechanism play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of CVD including heart failure (HF) and cancers.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, single-stranded non-coding RNA sequences of about 18-22 nucleotides that interact with specific target messenger RNAs. They are known to be involved in the various processes including development, homeostasis, cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and various diseases by modulating post-transcriptional and translational processes. Some of miRNAs have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of cancers. Cell free DNAs (cfDNA) is extracellular nucleic acids found in cell-free plasma in humans. Elevated level of cfDNA was reported in patients with cancer and CVD. 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes are distinct in microbiota, which can be utilized to quantify the bacterial DNA in the systemic circulation. 16S rRNA genes are also shown to be elevated in patients with CVD. These findings imply the possibility that translocated microbiota might play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of CVD and cancers. The quantity and composition of gut microbiota have been shown to be altered in various diseases including obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and CVD. The previous findings from fecal transplantation experiments, which showed the disease phenotype was transferred from one to another subject (animal or human), strongly suggest the possibility that microbiota play some pathogenic roles in those diseases.

To address this hypothesis, the investigators are going to cross-sectionally explore the expression pattern of miRNA and cfDNA and the composition of gut microbiota extensively in patients with or without atherosclerotic CVD (ACVD), non-ischemic HF (NIHF), and cancers. The investigators will recruit the participants from the patients who regularly visit the outpatient clinic in Sakakibara Heart Institute or The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation of Cancer Research. The investigators will recruit the patients without ACVD or NIHF and with/without cancers (Group 1/2), those with ACVD and with/without cancers (Group 3/4), and those with NIHF and with/without cancers (Group 5/6). Their peripheral blood will be drawn and stools will be collected. miRNA in exosome will be extracted from plasma and explored by miRNA microarray. cfDNA pattern will be extensively explored by microarray. By comparing the expression pattern of miRNA and cfDNA, and the composition of gut microbiota by 16s rRNA gene shotgun analysis, the investigators will be seeking to find the molecular mechanisms shared by those diseases.
BACKGROUND: Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is independently associated with a long-term increased risk of major arterial ischemic events. While the relationship between ICH location and ischemic risk has been studied, whether hematoma volume influences this risk is poorly understood.
METHODS: We pooled individual patient data from the MISTIE III (Minimally Invasive Surgery Plus Alteplase for Intracerebral Hemorrhage Evacuation Phase 3) and the ATACH-2 (Antihypertensive Treatment of Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage-2) trials. The exposure was hematoma volume, treated as a continuous measure in the primary analysis, and dichotomized by the median in the secondary analyses. The outcome was a symptomatic, clinically overt ischemic stroke, adjudicated centrally within each trial. We evaluated the association between hematoma volume and the risk of an ischemic stroke using Cox regression analyses after adjustment for demographics, vascular comorbidities, and ICH characteristics.
RESULTS: Of 1470 patients with ICH, the mean age was 61.7 (SD, 12.8) years, and 574 (38.3%) were female. The median hematoma volume was 17.3 mL (interquartile range, 7.2-35.7). During a median follow-up of 107 days (interquartile range, 91-140), a total of 30 ischemic strokes occurred, of which 22 were in patients with a median ICH volume of ≥17.3 mL and a cumulative incidence of 4.6% (95% CI, 3.1-7.1). Among patients with a median ICH volume <17.3 mL, there were 8 ischemic strokes with a cumulative incidence of 3.1% (95% CI, 1.7-6.0). In primary analyses using adjusted Cox regression models, ICH volume was associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 1.02 per mL increase [95% CI, 1.01-1.04]). In secondary analyses, ICH volume of ≥17.3 mL was associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 2.5 [95% CI, 1.1-7.2]), compared with those with an ICH volume <17.3 mL.
CONCLUSIONS: In a heterogeneous cohort of patients with ICH, initial hematoma volume was associated with a heightened short-term risk of ischemic stroke.
INTRODUCTION: Neonatal hypothermia in low-resource settings is prevalent and closely associated with high morbidity and mortality. We examined if an easy-to-read temperature detector device improves health outcomes.
METHODS: In a descriptive study, 1009 admissions to a neonatal ward in a tertiary care hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi, were analysed and divided into a baseline and a trial group. The data of 531 newborns with standard care (SC) before the trial were compared with 478 newborns during the implementation of the device (device care=DC). Staff and caregivers were trained on using the device and how to react in case of hypothermia. Data were collected from patient files, device documentation sheets, interviews and focus group discussions. Hypothermia was defined as a body temperature <36.5°C.
RESULTS: During the trial, body temperatures throughout the hospital stay were significantly more often obtained (p<0.0001). The median temperature measurements per newborn per day were 1.3 times with SC and 1.6 times with DC, and mild hypothermia was more frequently detected. Moderate hypothermia was avoided in the lightest weight group possibly contributing to significantly shorter hospital stays of surviving newborns (p=0.007). Many caregivers had difficulties using and interpreting the device correctly, and 47% of the reported colours did not match the registered temperatures. Contrary to the above, a questionnaire and focus group discussions with caregivers and health workers showed a high acceptance and the overall opinion that the device was beneficial.
CONCLUSION: With more frequent temperature checks, infants with lower birth weight possibly benefited from implementing an easy-to-read continuous temperature indicator, but hypothermia rates remained high. Our data and experiences reveal structural, communicational and consistency/interpretation deficits. Although specifically designed for low-resource settings, the implementation of the device needs a well-working and structured environment, especially regarding staff and caregiver communication.
In the experimental arm, attending physicians will receive weekly medication alerts from the Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) within 1 week after inclusion of the patient. The CDSS-OPTIMED will send a medication advice on a weekly basis, based on a weekly analysis of patient's medication. The medication alerts will be sent to the physician's email address. The physician is free to follow or ignore the advice in the alerts. If the physicians thinks these alerts are relevant for the patient, the physician will discuss these alerts with the patient and/or relatives. After this conversation, the physician will prescribe or deprescribe medications based on the alerts.
Monotherapy and Adjunctive Therapy   
Adult Patients   
The recommended initial dosage of eslicarbazepine acetate tablets are 400 mg administered orally once daily. For some patients, treatment may be initiated at 800 mg once daily if the need for seizure reduction outweighs an increased risk of adverse reactions during initiation [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1)]. Dosage should be increased in weekly increments of 400 mg to 600 mg, based on clinical response and tolerability, to a recommended maintenance dosage of 800 mg to 1,600 mg once daily. For patients on eslicarbazepine acetate tablets monotherapy, the 800 mg once daily maintenance dose should generally be considered in patients who are unable to tolerate a 1,200 mg daily dose. For patients on eslicarbazepine acetate tablets adjunctive therapy, the 1,600 mg daily dose should generally be considered in patients who did not achieve a satisfactory response with a 1,200 mg daily dose.   
Pediatric Patients (4 to 17 Years of Age)   
In pediatric patients 4 to 17 years of age, the recommended dosing regimen is dependent upon body weight and is administered orally once daily. The recommended initial dosage of eslicarbazepine acetate tablets are shown in Table 1. Dosage should be increased based on clinical response and tolerability, no more frequently than once per week. Titration increments should not exceed those shown in Table 1. The daily maintenance dosage should not exceed the maintenance dosage for each body weight range shown in Table 1.   
Table 1: Eslicarbazepine Acetate Tablets Once Daily Dosage Schedule for Pediatric Patients 4 to 17 Years of Age
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and cost-utility of unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) versus percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy (PEID) for the treatment of single-level lumbar disc herniation (LDH).
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 99 patients who underwent either UBE (n = 33) or PEID (n = 66) between July 2022 and December 2023 at the Second Xiangya Hospital. Patients were matched 1:2 based on age, sex, and surgery level to ensure comparability. Clinical outcomes were assessed using Visual Analog Scale (VAS), European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D), and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores, with quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) calculated for cost-utility analysis. Hospitalization costs were analyzed, and the incremental cost-utility ratio (ICER) was determined.
RESULTS: Both UBE and PEID groups demonstrated significant postoperative improvements in VAS, EQ-5D, and ODI scores (p < 0.05). The operative time, blood loss and nursing cost were significantly higher for UBE compared to PEID (p < 0.05). UBE has higher gained QALY and overall costs, but the differences are not statistically significant (p = 0.643 for QALY, p = 0.327 for costs). The Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) for UBE compared to PEID was calculated to be $354.5 per QALY gained, indicating that for each additional QALY gained through UBE, an additional cost of $354.5 is incurred compared to PEID.
CONCLUSION: In our single-center study conducted in China, both the UBE and PEID procedures have demonstrated comparable short-term efficacy in alleviating pain and improving functional ability in patients with single-level LDH. UBE procedure demonstrates greater cost-utility than the PEID procedure in cost-utility analysis, despite its longer operative time, higher nursing costs and greater blood loss.
In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a mutated adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsid protein or fragment thereof wherein a substitution of a wild type non-cysteine amino acid into a cysteine is present whereby the wild type non-cysteine amino acid is exposed on the outer surface of the capsid of an AAV particle. In a further aspect, a mutated AAV particle comprising the AAV capsid protein or fragment thereof according to the present invention is provided. In addition, a nucleic acid encoding the AAV capsid protein according to the present invention is identified together with a corresponding nucleic acid vector, in particular, a plasmid or a gene string. In addition, a host cell containing the nucleic acid vector or the nucleic acid according to the present invention as well as a composition comprising at least an infectious (transducing) AAV particle containing a mutated AAV capsid protein as defined herein together with a non-infectious AAV particle containing a mutated AAV capsid protein as e.g. defined herein is disclosed. Further, a method for the modification of a mutated AAV particle is disclosed allowing a specific modification of the same including an embodiment using a reagent addressing the cysteine residues for binding reaction such as a thioether binding.