anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Each prefilled ATROPEN single-dose autoinjector provides an intramuscular dose of atropine, a cholinergic muscarinic antagonist in a self-contained unit, designed for self- or caregiver-administration. 

When activated, the ATROPEN 0.25 mg autoinjector delivers 0.21 mg atropine base (equivalent to 0.25 mg atropine sulfate) in 0.3 mL of sterile pyrogen-free solution containing citrate buffer, sodium chloride, and Water for Injection. The pH range is 4.0 to 5.0. 

When activated, the ATROPEN 0.5 mg autoinjector delivers 0.42 mg atropine base (equivalent to 0.5 mg atropine sulfate), the ATROPEN 1 mg autoinjector delivers 0.84 mg atropine base (equivalent to 1 mg atropine sulfate), and the ATROPEN 2 mg autoinjector delivers 1.67 mg atropine base (equivalent to 2 mg atropine sulfate). Each 0.5 mg, 1 mg, and 2 mg ATROPEN autoinjector delivers atropine in 0.7 mL of sterile pyrogen-free solution containing 12.5 mg glycerin, 2.8 mg phenol, citrate buffer, and Water for Injection. The pH range is 4.0 to 5.0. 

Atropine occurs as white crystals, usually needle-like, or as a white, crystalline powder. It is slightly soluble in water with a molecular weight of 289.38. Atropine, a naturally occurring belladonna alkaloid, is a racemic mixture of equal parts of d- and l-hyoscyamine, with activity due almost entirely to the levo isomer of the drug. 

Chemically, atropine is designated as 1αH,5αH-Tropan-3α-ol (±) tropate (ester). Its empirical formula is C17H23NO3 and its structural formula is as follows:
Contact lenses to be worn in each eye on a daily wear basis for 2 weeks. Participants will be provided with Bausch + Lomb Biotrue® multi-purpose solution and contact lens cases for daily rinsing, cleaning, disinfecting, and storing their lenses.
For this phase 1 clinical trial, the investigators will use a 2-stage sequential cohort design with repeated measures The investigators will recruit a total of 100 family caregivers of ICU patients from 5 ICUs at a single tertiary medical center over an 18-month period. A convenience sampling technique will be used to recruit participants in the control group (n=50) followed by participants in the experimental group (n= 50). Participants will be eligible if they are age 19 or older and at the patient's bedside during the patient's ICU admission. Data will be measured at 2 timepoints (study enrollment \[T1\] and within 48 hours of ICU discharge \[T2\]), with the primary endpoint (caregiver well-being) being measured more frequently (every 48 hours while the patient is admitted to the ICU). Data will be collected through structured interviews using pre-designed questionnaires. Patient specific data will be extracted via chart review from the medical record. The questionnaires will include items related to demographic variables, caregiver psychological distress, engagement, and satisfaction. Trained research assistants will conduct either face to face, virtual (via Zoom), or phone depending on the participant's preference and availability.

During the first 8 months of recruitment, participants will be enrolled into the control group which consists of routine care and informational practices of the ICU team. During the last 10 months of recruitment, participants will be enrolled into the experimental group where they will receive the Family Room application on their personal devices. Conditions will be implemented in sequential order, not concurrently. This is a practical approach because it is reasonable to expect that only slight variations will exist between the demographics of the initial cohort (control condition) The investigators will test differential selection post hoc to identify whether the caregivers differentiated in any systematic way on variables that might be related to the intervention outcomes (professional caregiving experience, confidence in caregiving ability, patient's severity of illness, etc). In addition, the use of 5 different ICUs is intended to dampen any historical effects experienced within a single unit.

Intervention Details (Family Room App). The Family Room is a dynamic, point of care tool that holds the power to profoundly change family caregiver involvement. It guides families on how best to contribute to patient care by providing real time education, a sense of connection, emotional support, and resources that enable meaningful caregiving. Importantly, family caregivers receive virtual training on comfort-focused care activities that can be done at the bedside, as well as a mechanism within the electronic health record (EHR) to measure and record the effectiveness of the care they provide. The app has been developed in partnership with nurses and family caregivers and will be connected with the EHR to ensure family caregivers' contributions are visible to all members of the health care team.
The container closure may be penetrated only one time after reconstitution using a suitable sterile transfer device or dispensing set which allows measured dispensing of the contents. Use of a syringe and needle is not recommended as it may cause leakage. Use of this product is restricted to a suitable work area, such as a laminar flow hood.

The withdrawal of container contents should be accomplished without delay. However, should this not be possible, a maximum of 4 hours from initial closure entry is permitted to complete fluid transfer operations. This time limit should begin with the introduction of solvent or diluent into the Pharmacy Bulk Package Bottle.
In patients suffering absence epilepsy, recurring seizures can significantly decrease their quality of life and lead to yet untreatable comorbidities. Absence seizures are characterized by spike-and-wave discharges on the electroencephalogram associated with a transient alteration of consciousness. However, it is still unknown how the brain responds to external stimuli during and outside of seizures. This study aimed to investigate responsiveness to visual and somatosensory stimulation in Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS), a well-established rat model for absence epilepsy. Animals were imaged under non-curarized awake state using a quiet, zero echo time, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sequence. Sensory stimulations were applied during interictal and ictal periods. Whole-brain hemodynamic responses were compared between these two states. Additionally, a mean-field simulation model was used to explain the changes of neural responsiveness to visual stimulation between states. During a seizure, whole-brain responses to both sensory stimulations were suppressed and spatially hindered. In the cortex, hemodynamic responses were negatively polarized during seizures, despite the application of a stimulus. The mean-field simulation revealed restricted propagation of activity due to stimulation and agreed well with fMRI findings. Results suggest that sensory processing is hindered or even suppressed by the occurrence of an absence seizure, potentially contributing to decreased responsiveness during this absence epileptic process.
PD-L1 may be expressed on tumor cells and/or tumor infiltrating immune cells and can contribute to the inhibition of the anti-tumor immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Binding of PD-L1 to the PD-1 and B7.1 receptors found on T-cells and antigen presenting cells suppresses cytotoxic T-cell activity, T-cell proliferation and cytokine production.

Atezolizumab is a monoclonal antibody that binds to PD-L1 and blocks its interactions with both PD-1 and B7.1 receptors. This releases the PD-L1/PD-1 mediated inhibition of the immune response, including activation of the anti-tumor immune response without inducing antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. In syngeneic mouse tumor models, blocking PD-L1 activity resulted in decreased tumor growth.

In mouse models of cancer, dual inhibition of the PD-1/PD-L1 and MAPK pathways suppresses tumor growth and improves tumor immunogenicity through increased antigen presentation and T-cell infiltration and activation compared to targeted therapy alone.

Hyaluronan is a polysaccharide found in the extracellular matrix of the subcutaneous tissue. It is depolymerized by the naturally occurring enzyme hyaluronidase. Unlike the stable structural components of the interstitial matrix, hyaluronan has a half-life of approximately 0.5 days.

Hyaluronidase increases permeability of the subcutaneous tissue by depolymerizing hyaluronan. In the doses administered, hyaluronidase in TECENTRIQ HYBREZA acts transiently and locally. The effects of hyaluronidase are reversible and permeability of the subcutaneous tissue is restored within 24 to 48 hours.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is primarily a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), but many patients also undergo progressive atrophy, especially in the gray matter (GM). GM atrophy plays a particularly prominent role in development of cognitive and physical disability in MS. Evidence is mounting that there is a profound infiltration of activated microglia and blood-borne macrophages throughout the lesions, whereas in slowly expanding (smoldering) or chronic active expanding lesions, the microglia and macrophages are concentrated as a dense rim around the lesions. Microglia is also activated, in a more diffuse way, in the white matter (WM) and GM with concomitant axonal degeneration and meningeal inflammation. Thus, chronic activation of microglia has been linked to neurodegeneration in the progressive phase of the disease and development of brain atrophy.

No longitudinal studies in MS examined the association between development of microglia-related pathology in patients treated with siponimod (Mayzent®). This will be the first study to examine the treatment effect of Mayzent on microglia in MS.
The invention provides a medicament composition for treating or preventing polysaccharide related diseases. The composition comprise one or more molecules selected from polysaccharide molecules, polysaccharide combination molecules and polysaccharide modification molecules. The polysaccharide combination molecules are antibodies and/or agglutinins capable of being combined with polysaccharide. The polysaccharide modification molecules comprise modification groups and the modification groups are one or more groups selected from acetyl groups, lactoyl groups, methyl groups, phosphoric acid groups and sulfur-containing groups. The modification groups can be in a covalent coupling with the polysaccharide molecules. A vaccine for treating or preventing polysaccharide related diseases and an immunoassay product for diagnosing polysaccharide related diseases are also provided in the invention.
A nutritional supplement is disclosed. The nutritional supplement may be included in fish feed. The nutritional supplement may comprise a carrier oil; 22-30 wt.% omega 3; and 8-20 wt.% omega 7. In some embodiments, the carrier oil may be a vegetable oil. In some embodiments, omega 3 comprises EPA and DHA fatty acids. In some embodiments, omega 3 comprises a mixture of EPA and DHA having a ratio in the range of 1:10 wt.% to 10:1 wt.%.
Intervention group will receive a series of sessions of cognitive behaviour therapy. Delivery of CBT will be by three therapists; PI and two other Medical Officers. Each session will last for 30- 45 minutes and they will be delivered at the participant's residence (or at an alternative place of participant's choice) at two weeks intervals. They will be followed-up for three months from the cessation of CBT sessions.
Severely ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit may develop an acute failure of kidney function. Renal function generally recovers if the acute illness improves. To bridge this period, renal function is temporarily replaced by continuous hemofiltration, so called continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH). To remove toxic substances and fluids, the patient's blood flows through a circuit, containing a filter. Flow in the filter is regulated by the CVVH-device.

Normally blood starts to clot as soon as it leaves the body. To prevent clotting of the blood in the filter, the blood has to be 'anticoagulated'. For this purpose, heparins are generally used. Heparins make the blood less likely to clot. Drawback of the use of heparins is that they not only prevent clotting of blood in the circuit and the filter, but also in the patient. Heparins thereby increase the risk of bleeding. Intensive care patients are at higher risk of bleeding due to a recent operation or trauma, ulcers in the mouth or the stomach, or abnormalities in their blood to the acute illness. Due to the continuous application of CVVH for days, anticoagulation is administered without interruption over prolonged periods of time. Studies report bleeding complications in 5 to 50% of the patients. As a result of bleeding, patients need blood transfusion and sometimes surgery. Control of bleeding is sometimes extremely difficult.

An alternative to heparin is citrate, which allows regional anticoagulation of the circuit and the filter without an effect increasing the risk of bleeding for the patient. Anticoagulation with citrate is more complex, nurses need to follow a strict protocol.. Several small studies have shown that regional anticoagulation with citrate is associated with less bleeding and a longer filter survival. The use if citrate is however associated with a greater risk of metabolic complications, if the protocol is not strictly followed. Primary aim of the present study is to show in a larger group of intensive care patients whether the use of regional anticoagulation with citrate is safe compared to systemic anticoagulation with the low molecular weight heparin nadroparin.
PURPOSE:A safe cleaning agent for the skin having no problems with respect to pollution, not causing chapped skin, showing improved cleaning ability, containing a white mycelium or a treated material thereof. CONSTITUTION:A cleaning agent for the skin containing a white mycelium [e.g., Tremella fuciformis (IFO 9316), belonging to the genus Tremella] or a treated material thereof. The treated material thereof means the mycelium itself, a matter obtained by drying (or without drying) and scissoring a material containing it, one obtained by powdering it, grounding it, or extracting it with water or an organic solvent. The mold alone or several kinds of the mixed molds are cultivated in a commonly usable medium, and the mycelium or the whole culture can be used. The cleaning agent has extremely high cleaning ability, can remove effete tissue attached to the skin which can not be completely eliminated with soap, has no harmful side effects, chapped skin, etc. and no problems with respect to pollution.
The present invention relates generally to a method for regulating immune reactions and test substances useful for same. Specifically, the method of the present invention relates to the modulation of the nerve growth factor receptor p75NTR, which is expressed by plasmacytoid dendritic cells. More specifically, the invention relates to a combination comprising at least one modulator of p75NTR signalling selected from a p75NTR antagonist or p75NTR agonist and at least one TLR receptor agonist selected from an agonist of TLR7 and/or TLR9. The invention further relates to the use of a combination of antagonists and agonists of p75NTR signalling and agonists of TLR7 and/or TLR9 as vaccine adjuvants and the invention provides vaccine compositions comprising antagonists and agonists of p75NTR signalling and agonists of TLR7 and/or TLR9. The agonists and antagonists of p75NTR signalling are useful in the manufacture of drugs for controlling cytokine function, antigen presentation, activation and proliferation of lymphocytes, which is important for the treatment of a range of conditions including cancer, inflammatory conditions, immunological disorders, growth disorders, infections and any other conditions involving p75NTR signal transduction. The invention provides assays to screen for a range of agonists and antagonists of p75NTR useful in modulating cytokine function, activation and proliferation of lymphocytes. The present invention further provides, therefore, screening assays for agonists and antagonists of p75NTR-modulated immune responses.
At therapeutic doses exogenous vasopressin elicits a vasoconstrictive effect in most vascular beds including the splanchnic, renal, and cutaneous circulation. In addition, vasopressin at pressor doses triggers contractions of smooth muscles in the gastrointestinal tract mediated by muscular V1-receptors and release of prolactin and ACTH via V3 receptors. At lower concentrations typical for the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin inhibits water diuresis via renal V2 receptors. In addition, vasopressin has been demonstrated to cause vasodilation in numerous vascular beds that are mediated by V2, V3, oxytocin and purinergic P2 receptors. 

In patients with vasodilatory shock vasopressin in therapeutic doses increases systemic vascular resistance and mean arterial blood pressure and reduces the dose requirements for norepinephrine. Vasopressin tends to decrease heart rate and cardiac output. The pressor effect is proportional to the infusion rate of exogenous vasopressin. The pressor effect reaches its peak within 15 minutes. After stopping the infusion the pressor effect fades within 20 minutes. There is no evidence for tachyphylaxis or tolerance to the pressor effect of vasopressin in patients.
A randomized controlled study was conducted on the cardiology outpatients. The patients were recruited through purposive sampling. The participants had been diagnosed with AFib and were receiving OACs. The participants were divided according to the blocks of clinic hours and assigned randomly to the experimental group or control group. The control variables involved demographic characteristics and medical history. The dependent variables and corresponding research instruments were medication knowledge and health beliefs, medication satisfaction and quality of life (QoL). Other than the medication knowledge questionnaire, which was assessed monthly, all the measurement instruments were applied twice: first in a pretest, and again in a posttest administered at the third month. The interventions administered to the experimental group were one-on-one instruction and HBM-driven strategies, health information technology system, monthly telephone follow-ups, and providing medication cards. The participants in the control group only received brochure and medication cards.
The present invention relates to a powder-type cosmetic composition comprising: a solution having 20.0 to 70.0 wt% of polyol dissolved therein; and one or more kinds of powder selected from the group consisting of polymethylsilsesquioxane, hexamethylene diisocyanate/trimethylol hexyllactone, crosspolymer of silica, crosspolymer of lauryl methacrylate/glycol dimethacrylate, and amorphous silica. The composition of the present invention contains polyol and liquid components in powder, and is maintained in a stable state. Thus, skin penetration can be easily ensured, and a formulation for improving a moisturizing effect can be produced. The formulation is a powder formulation containing a large quantity of polyol and liquid components. Moreover, the present invention slowly releases active ingredients, and rarely has irritation to skin. Even after being stored for a long time, the present invention is not discolored and smells thereof do not change. Moreover, the powder-type cosmetic composition is not frozen even at a low temperature below 0 by containing a large quantity of polyol. Thus, a titer can be ensured, and powder scattering which is shown in a general powder formulation can be controlled.
OBJECTIVES: I. Evaluate the response rate of combined cisplatin and irinotecan in patients with metastatic or locally advanced (inoperable or recurrent) esophageal or gastric cancer. II. Evaluate the toxic effects both qualitatively and quantitatively of cisplatin and irinotecan in these patients. III. Estimate the disease free and overall survival of these patients. IV. Assess whether the response proportion differs between squamous cell and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. V. Evaluate quality of life issues using the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale, the FACT-G questionnaire, and the dysphagia scale.

OUTLINE: Patients receive cisplatin and irinotecan on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 for 4 weeks, followed by a 2 week rest period. Each treatment course lasts 6 weeks. Patients receive at least 3 courses of therapy if the treatment is well tolerated and no disease progression is documented. Patients attaining a complete response receive additional courses of therapy at the discretion of the investigator. Tumor status is reassessed at 6 weeks and every 12 weeks thereafter. Patients are followed until death.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 28-50 patients will be accrued within 12-18 months. Accrual for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is complete.
Intraarticular distal humeral fractures AO/OTA type C2 and C3 pose a surgical challenge despite the evolution of surgical implants and techniques. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is often preferred as the first choice of treatment, but the results are varying, and sometimes disappointing. Total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) has been widely used for fractures that are not amenable to ORIF in elderly patients, but the mechanical complications remain a challenge, especially in active patients. Elbow hemiarthroplasty (EHA) provides a modern alternative that might avoid the mechanical complications and weight bearing restrictions related to the linked articulation in semiconstrained TEA. There are no studies comparing the results of EHA to that of TEA or ORIF, but case series have reported promising results.

In this study, forty-four patients with AO/OTA type C2 or C3 fractures of distal humerus will be randomized to either ORIF or EHA. The patients will be examined after the operation and at 3 months and 1, 2, 5 and 10 years after the surgery. The main objective of this study is to investigate the best treatment option for distal humeral fractures in patients aged 50 years or above. This can be of value to future patients sustaining these complicated fractures.
PTENα/β, two variants of PTEN, play a key role in promoting tumor growth by interacting with WDR5 through their N-terminal extensions (NTEs). This interaction facilitates the recruitment of the SET1/MLL methyltransferase complex, resulting in histone H3K4 trimethylation and upregulation of oncogenes such as NOTCH3, which in turn promotes tumor growth. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this interaction has remained elusive. In this study, we determined the first crystal structure of PTENα-NTE in complex with WDR5, which reveals that PTENα utilizes a unique binding motif of a sequence SSSRRSS found in the NTE domain of PTENα/β to specifically bind to the WIN site of WDR5. Disruption of this interaction significantly impedes cell proliferation and tumor growth, highlighting the potential of the WIN site inhibitors of WDR5 as a way of therapeutic intervention of the PTENα/β associated cancers. These findings not only shed light on the important role of the PTENα/β-WDR5 interaction in carcinogenesis, but also present a promising avenue for developing cancer treatments that target this pathway.
PURPOSE:To obtain fine powder of the titled phosphate having a uniform chemical compsn. and a uniform particle size by adding a Ca compd., a P compd., etc., to a solvent to prepare a starting material soln., spraying the soln. into a flame to cause a thermal decomposition reaction and heat treating formed powder. CONSTITUTION:A Ca compd. and a P compd. are added to water, an org. solvent such as methanol or a mixture of them. Mg, Al, Ni, Zn, Y, La or one or more kinds of compds. of such metals are further added and an acid is added as required to prepare a starting material soln. This soln. is sprayed into a flame from a gas burner or a heating zone to cause a thermal decomposition reaction and formed powder is gathered and heat treated at >=700 deg.C. Thus, powder of beta-type calcium tertiary phosphate inhibiting phase transition from beta-phase to alpha-phase at high temp. is obtd.