anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Human dissection is an ancient pedagogical method that is still relevant in modern anatomy curricula. The body procurement process for dissection purposes has undergone significant evolution from the medieval era until now, whereby body donation has become the main source for human bodies in medical education. The appreciation ceremony for body donors is an excellent way to promote a body donation program, whereby both dissection and appreciation ceremonies are effective in inculcating professional behaviors and altruism among medical students. Despite the benefits of dissection and such ceremonies, conflicting ideas about the acceptability of these methods exist among Muslim scholars and students. Hence, this article provides a theological Islamic interpretation of human dissection, body donation, and appreciation ceremonies from four sources of Islamic law-the Qur'an, Hadith, Idjmaa, and Qiyas-to justify Muslims' involvement in the aforementioned. It is important to note that the fundamentals of Islam are submission to the will of the one and only God, Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala (SWT) and recognition of Prophet Muhamad (peace be upon him) as the last messenger of God. Therefore, the actions of a Muslim are strongly based on faith and virtue.
Serotonin release by platelets plays an important role in hemostasis. Epidemiological studies of the case-control and cohort design that have demonstrated an association between use of psychotropic drugs that interfere with serotonin reuptake and the occurrence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding have also shown that concurrent use of an NSAID or aspirin may potentiate this risk of bleeding. Altered anticoagulant effects, including increased bleeding, have been reported when SNRIs or SSRIs are coadministered with warfarin. Patients receiving warfarin therapy should be carefully monitored when fluoxetine is initiated or discontinued [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)]. Altered anticoagulant effects, including increased bleeding, have been reported when SNRIs or SSRIs are coadministered with warfarin. Patients receiving warfarin therapy should be carefully monitored when fluoxetine is initiated or discontinued [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)].
VascuTherm5 vascular compression device Cohort 2 Grade 1-2 Neuropathy - Patients with new-onset neuropathy (e.g. currently receiving bortezomib-based chemotherapy have clinically documented CTCAE grade 1 or grade 2 neuropathy to explore its role in preventing worsening of CIPN in patients receiving neurotoxic chemotherapy. Patients undergo home cryocompression therapy treatments using VascuTherm device on their non-dominant hand and foot over 30 minutes daily for 8 weeks.
Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), a vascular disease of the choroid, appears to be the predominant subtype of exudative or "wet" AMD in Asian populations, in contrast to choroidal neovascularization secondary to AMD (CNV-AMD) in Western populations. There are distinct differences in pathophysiological, clinical and epidemiological factors between the two subtypes, although they also share some common risk factors. In contrast to CNV-AMD, PCV does not seem to respond as well to anti-VEGF treatment. The optimal treatment option for PCV remains elusive, with most studies showing good short-term visual outcome but poorer longer-term outcome with current treatment strategies. Therefore, understanding the pathogenesis of PCV, while developing novel and effective treatments strategies to prevent PCV-related vision loss is significant unmet needs.

The purpose of this study is to assess the effects and safety of ranibizumab therapy combined with TA versus ranibizumab monotherapy in patients with PCV. Second, the pharmacogenetics effect of inflammatory related genes and polymorphism in response to the treatments of PCV will be explored. To further confirm the role of inflammatory factors in the pathogenesis and advance of PCV, it is important to determine the levels of inflammatory factors in the anterior chamber aqueous humor from PCV patients, comparing with the aqueous humor acquired from the age-matched age-related cataract patients undergoing phacoemulsification.
Placebo BID, PO for 10 weeks. The formulation appears identical to the bupropion capsules.
Patients with lymphomas, leukemias, multiple myeloma, and AL amyloidosis who present for initial cardio-oncology consultation. Clinical follow up for 18 months.
Use of hyaluronic acid derivatives is new. The hyaluronic acid derivative is: (A) an ester of hyaluronic acid in which part or all of the carboxy functions are esterified with aliphatic, aromatic, arylaliphatic, cycloaliphatic or heterocyclic alcohols; (B) autocrosslinked esters of hyaluronic acid in which part or all of the carboxy groups are esterified with the alcoholic functions of the same polysaccharide chain or other chains; (C) cross-linked esters of hyaluronic acid in which part or all of the carboxy groups are esterified with aliphatic, aromatic, arylaliphatic, cycloaliphatic or heterocyclic polyalcohols generating cross-linking by means of spacer chains; (D) hemiesters of succinic acid or heavy metal salts of the hemiester of succinic acid with hyaluronic acid or with partial or total esters of hyaluronic acid; or (E) sulfated derivatives or N-sulfated derivatives of hyaluronic acid. The hyaluronic acid derivative is processed in the form of a three-dimensional structure enclosing empty spaces formed by communicating pores and/or fine fibers or microfibers entangled together for the preparation of a biocompatible biomaterial for the regeneration of mammal tissue. The biocompatible biomaterial is free from cellular components and/or products and when the hyaluronic acid derivative of from class (A) and is processed in the form of a non-woven tissue it has an esterification degree lower than 85%. An independent claim is included for a method for regenerating in vivo mammal tissue comprising application of the novel biocompatible biomaterial. ACTIVITY : None given. MECHANISM OF ACTION : None given.
The ventral contact within the anterior globus pallidus interna near the ansa lenticularis is activated. Stimulator settings are 90 microseconds pulse width and stimulation frequency of 130 Hertz. Amplitude of stimulation is raised from zero until side effects occur or 2 mA amplitude is reached; whichever comes first.
Two-year studies were conducted in CD-1 mice and Sprague-Dawley rats to assess carcinogenic potential of KALYDECO. No evidence of tumorigenicity was observed in mice or rats at ivacaftor oral doses up to 200 mg/kg/day and 50 mg/kg/day, respectively (approximately equal to 1 and 4 times the MRHD based on summed AUCs of ivacaftor and its metabolites).

Ivacaftor was negative for genotoxicity in the following assays: Ames test for bacterial gene mutation, in vitro chromosomal aberration assay in Chinese hamster ovary cells, and in vivo mouse micronucleus test.

Ivacaftor impaired fertility and reproductive performance indices in male and female rats at 200 mg/kg/day (yielding exposures approximately 8 and 5 times, respectively, the MRHD based on summed AUCs of ivacaftor and its major metabolites). Increases in prolonged diestrus were observed in females at 200 mg/kg/day. Ivacaftor also increased the number of females with all nonviable embryos and decreased corpora lutea, implantations, and viable embryos in rats at 200 mg/kg/day (approximately 5 times the MRHD based on summed AUCs of ivacaftor and its major metabolites) when dams were dosed prior to and during early pregnancy. These impairments of fertility and reproductive performance in male and female rats at 200 mg/kg/day were attributed to severe toxicity. No effects on male or female fertility and reproductive performance indices were observed at ≤100 mg/kg/day (yielding exposures approximately 6 and 3 times, respectively, the MRHD based on summed AUCs of ivacaftor and its major metabolites).
The newborn will be placed on mother's chest/abdomen with intact cord. After the newborn has established stable breathing efforts (continuous regular breathing pattern and SpO2 values \>25th percentile from Dawson et al "reference range for oxygen saturation" -minute 2\>58%, minute 3\>67%, minute 4\>76%) the cord is clamped. This will need 2 - 4 minutes.
Glaucoma is a complex and multifactorial disease defined as the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons. Besides an elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), other mechanisms play a pivotal role in glaucoma onset and progression. For example, it is known that excitotoxicity, immunological alterations, ischemia, and oxidative stress contribute to the neurodegeneration in glaucoma disease. To study these effects and to discover novel therapeutic approaches, appropriate animal models are needed. In this review, we focus on various glaucoma animal models beyond an elevated IOP. We introduce genetically modified mice, e.g., the optineurin E50K knock-in or the glutamate aspartate transporter (GLAST)-deficient mouse. Excitotoxicity can be mimicked by injecting the glutamate analogue N-methyl-D-aspartate intravitreally, which leads to rapid RGC degeneration. To explore the contribution of the immune system, the experimental autoimmune glaucoma model can serve as a useful tool. Here, immunization with antigens led to glaucoma-like damage. The ischemic mechanism can be mimicked by inducing a high IOP for a certain amount of time in rodents, followed by reperfusion. Thereby, damage to the retina and the optic nerve occurs rapidly after ischemia/reperfusion. Lastly, we discuss the importance of optic nerve crush models as model systems for normal-tension glaucoma. In summary, various glaucoma models beyond IOP increase can be utilized.
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an uncommon mature B-cell lymphoma that presents a clinical spectrum ranging from indolent to aggressive disease, with challenges in disease management and prognostication. MCL is characterized by significant genomic instability, affecting various cellular processes, including cell cycle regulation, cell survival, DNA damage response and telomere maintenance, NOTCH and NF-κB/ B-cell receptor pathways, and chromatin modification. Recent molecular and next-generation sequencing studies unveiled a broad genetic diversity among the 2 molecular subsets, conventional MCL (cMCL) and leukemic nonnodal MCL (nnMCL), which may partially explain their clinical heterogeneity. Some asymptomatic and genetically stable nnMCL not requiring treatment at diagnosis may eventually progress clinically. Overall, the high proliferation of tumor cells, blastoid morphology, TP53 and/or CDKN2A/B inactivation, and high genetic complexity influence treatment outcome in cases treated with standard regimens. Emerging targeted and immunotherapeutic strategies are promising for refractory or relapsed cases and a few genetic and nongenetic determinants of refractoriness have been reported. This review summarizes the recent advances in MCL biology, focusing on molecular insights, prognostic markers, and novel therapeutic approaches.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to conduct exploratory analyses on the role of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and body composition in the association between physical activity and menopausal symptoms.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional (N = 298) study of women aged 51-59 years including a subsample of 82 women followed for 4 years. The severity of menopausal symptoms was assessed with the Menopause Rating Scale in total symptoms as well as using the somato-vegetative, psychological, and urogenital subscales. Physical activity was assessed with accelerometers and self-reports, body composition with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and CRF with a custom-made prediction model based on the six-minute walking distance and spiroergometry. The associations of interest were studied using unstandardized regression coefficients derived from multiple linear regression models with the severity of menopausal symptoms as the outcome.
RESULTS: Higher total body and fat mass (kg) were associated with more severe total symptoms (B = 0.06 [95% CI, 0.01 to 0.12] and 0.07 [0.01 to 0.14], respectively) as well as somato-vegetative (0.03 [0.01 to 0.05]; 0.04 [0.01 to 0.06]) and psychological symptoms (0.03 [0.00 to 0.05]; 0.03 [0.00 to 0.06]) in cross-sectional design. Total and lean body mass interacted with physical activity in total and psychological symptoms with stronger indirect associations being observed in participants with lower total and lean body mass. CRF was not associated with menopausal symptoms and did not interact with physical activity.
CONCLUSIONS: Maintaining a healthy weight is associated with less severe menopausal symptoms in middle-aged women. The association between physical activity and the severity of menopausal symptoms varied based on the differences in total and lean body mass.
Necrophagous beetles are sometimes used to estimate the minimum postmortem interval (PMImin) in the decay and remains stages of a corpse. Among these, the Dermestidae is one of the most common groups used and therefore has important research and application value. In this study, the developmental events of Dermestes maculatus de Geer, 1774, were recorded at six constant temperatures, and isomorphen diagrams were established. The thermobiological parameters were estimated using linear and non-linear models, and morphological indicators such as larval body length were measured. The results showed that the developmental duration of the whole immature stage decreased from 66.13 ± 8.58 days at 19 °C to 21.9 ± 2.01 days at 34 °C. The survival rate of the immature stages, especially the egg stage, varies greatly with temperature, with the lowest survival observed at 34 °C and the highest at 22 °C. The lower developmental threshold, the intrinsic optimum temperature, and the upper lethal developmental threshold obtained by the curvilinear Optim SSI models were 15.28 °C, 28.36 °C, and 34.03 °C, respectively. The body length, head capsule width, and pronotum width showed obvious growth patterns with larval developmental duration, which were characterized by equations and isomegalen diagrams. This study provides important basic data for the application of D. maculatus to estimate the PMImin in forensic entomology in the Yangtze River Delta region of China.
BACKGROUND: Pneumomediastinum and pneumorrachis are rare complications following epidural analgesia, that can either be asymptomatic or rarely can produce mild to moderate severity symptoms. Most reported cases regarding the presentation of these two entities with epidural analgesia concern asymptomatic patients, however there are cases reporting post-dural puncture headache and respiratory manifestations.
CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case where a combined lumbar epidural and spinal anesthesia was performed using the loss of resistance to air technique (LOR), on a 78-year-old Greek (Caucasian) male undergoing a total hip replacement. Despite being hemodynamically stable throughout the operation, two hours following epidural analgesia the patient manifested a sudden drop in blood pressure and heart rate that required the administration of adrenaline to counter. Pneumomediastinum, pneumorrachis and paravertebral soft tissue emphysema were demonstrated in a Computed Tomography scan. We believe that injected air from the epidural space and surrounding tissues slowly moved towards the mediastinum, stimulating the para-aortic ganglia causing parasympathetic stimulation and therefore hypotension and bradycardia.
CONCLUSION: Anesthesiologists should be aware that epidural analgesia using the LOR to technique injecting air could produce a pneumomediastinum and pneumorrachis, which in turn could produce hemodynamic instability via parasympathetic stimulation.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a stable preparation compounded with ascorbic acids by including ascorbic acids and an antioxidant thereby suppressing the lowering of residual ratio of ascorbic acids with time. SOLUTION: The objective preparation contains (A) ascorbic acids selected from ascorbic acids and their derivatives (e.g. ascorbic acid-2-phosphate and ascorbic acid-2-polyphosphate), (B) an antioxidant (e.g. guaiac, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, d-δ-tocopherol, catechin, clove extract, sesamolin or sesamol) and preferably further (C) a chelating agent (e.g. citric acid, tartaric acid or gluconic acid). The amounts of the components A, B and C in the above preparation are preferably 0.001-5 wt.%, 0.001-5 wt.% and 0.01-10 wt.%, respectively. The preparation can be formed especially as a composition for oral cavity application such as dentifrice and mouthwash.
This invention relates to a 0.5 to 7 wt. % solids hair fixative composition having superior moisture resistant hold and minimal tack duration which provides a stiff film on artificial or human hair and superior hair combability, which composition essentially contains a resin mixture of (a) a terpolymer derived from about 17 to about 30 wt. % N-vinyl pyrrolidone, from about 60 to about 80 wt. % N-vinyl caprolactam and from about 3 to about 6 wt. % di-C1-C4 alkyl amino-C1-C4alkyl-acrylate or methacrylate having a number average molecular weight of between about 20,000 and about 200,000 and (b) a N-vinyl pyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer having a number average molecular weight of between about 10,000 and about 100,000; combined in a weight ratio of 1.4-6:1 (a) to (b). In the present composition, the vinyl acetate moiety of the N-vinyl pyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer interacts with resin (a) to reinforce stiffness and holding properties under conditions of extremely high humidity and materially lowers the duration of tackiness during drying.
To ensure the high quality of biopharmaceutical products, it is imperative to implement specialized unit operations that effectively safeguard the structural integrity of large molecules. While lyophilization has long been a reliable process, spray drying has recently garnered attention for its particle engineering capabilities for the pulmonary route of administration. However, maintaining the integrity of biologics during spray drying remains a challenge. To address this issue, we explored a novel dehydration system based on aerosol-assisted room-temperature drying of biological formulations recently developed at Princeton University, called Rapid Room-Temperature Aerosol Dehydration. We compared the quality attributes of the bulk powder of biopharmaceutical products manufactured using this drying technology with that of traditional spray drying. For all the fragment antigen-binding formulations tested, in terms of protein degradation and aerosol performance, we were able to achieve a better product quality using this drying technology compared to the spray drying technique. We also highlight areas for improvement in future prototypes and prospective commercial versions of the system. Overall, the offered dehydration system holds potential for improving the quality and diversity of biopharmaceutical products and may pave the way for more efficient and effective production methods in the biopharma industry.
Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a condition characterized by the accumulation of non-purulent fluid in the middle ear space, in the absence of acute inflammation. OME is diagnosed 2.2 million times annually (U.S. Department of Health \& Human Services, 2000). It is a condition in which more then 50% of children will experience in their first year of life (National Institutes of Health, 1993). Although many episodes resolve spontaneously, 30% to 40% persist, and 5% to 10% of episodes last 1 year or longer (Yoshinaga-Itano, 1995). It is particularly more common among children between the ages of one and three years and in seasons where the prevalence of upper respiratory tract infections is high; with an incidence of 10% to 30%. It occurs frequently even up to the age of seven, with a prevalence of 3% to 8%(Fiellau et al, 1997; Fiellau et al, 1983; Lous et al, 1981; Teele et al, 1989).

OME is the most common cause of acquired hearing loss in childhood. Long-term hearing complications from OME are associated with linguistic, developmental, and social consequences; especially if the OME is bilateral and of long duration (Fiellau et al, 1983; Golz et al, 1998; Grace et al, 1990; Lous et al, 1995). The etiology of OME is uncertain; however, low-grade infection, poor eustachian tube function, formation of biofilms, and adenoidal infection or hypertrophy have all been suggested as possible etiologies (Faden et al, 1998; Hall-Stoodley et al, 2006).

Recently, there has been good scientific evidence to suggest that OME is a supraesophageal manifestation of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and more specifically laryngo-pharyngeal reflux (LPR). Tasker et al (2002) investigated the potential role of gastric reflux in the development of OME in children who underwent myringotomy. Of 65 tested effusion samples, 59 (91%) effusions gave a positive result. The concentrations of pepsin/pepsinogen were roughly estimated to be about 1000 times higher than those found in the serum obtained from a number of controls. They speculated that pepsin found in middle ear effusion (MEE) was most probably due to micro-aspiration of gastric contents passing through the eustachian tube (ET) and reaching the middle ear. Lieu et al (2005) performed a pilot study where they replicated the finding of pepsin/pepsinogen in 17 of 36 (77%) middle ear fluid aspirates, obtained from 22 children who underwent tympanostomy tube placement for chronic or recurrent otitis media (OM).

Based on our literature review, we believe there is sufficient scientific evidence to support the empiric treatment of suspected GERD and LPR in patients with OME. Empiric anti-reflux therapy is a safe, proven, cost-effective diagnostic and treatment strategy used widely in the presence of other signs and symptoms of suspected GERD. This pilot study will be a double-blinded, randomized control trial. It will compare hearing outcomes for children with OME being treated with lansoprazole versus placebo for three months. We believe there is sufficient evidence to support the use of this strategy in patients with suspected GERD and LPR who present with OME.
Currently, the term droplet is often taken to refer to droplets \>5 microns (μm) in diameter that fall rapidly to the ground under gravity, and therefore are transmitted only over a limited distance (e.g. ≤1 m). In contrast, the term droplet nuclei refers to droplets ≤5 μm in diameter that can remain suspended in air for significant periods of time, allowing them to be transmitted over distances \>1 metre. With a commercially available particle counter, we can differentiate the particle counts of different sizes in different areas of the endoscopy room. An increase from baseline particles of \< 5um during or after the procedure would suggest that the procedure is an AGP.

In this study, the particle counter from Met One Instruments model GT-526S will be used. The study will be conducted in the Prince of Wales Hospital endoscopy centre. A particle sizer is placed within 10cm of the anus, at the level of the endoscopists' face and at the level of the endoscopy nurse assistant's face The change in the particles of different sizes would be simultaneously recorded. The results of these three locations are compared to baseline and compared with each other.