anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The high morbidity and mortality associated with both pandemic and seasonal influenza and the threat of new potentially pandemic strains emerging makes influenza an important infectious disease and public health problem. Mean annual estimates of influenza deaths due to seasonal influenza alone attributes up to 49,000 deaths in the US and 250,000 to 500,000 deaths in industrialized countries to influenza. Pandemics can have an even more devastating effect. Public health agencies must continue to be prepared by making attempts to reduce the public health impact of this important virus.

In the realm of influenza therapeutics, antiviral drugs are currently used to treat influenza infection in those who fail to be protected by current vaccines or those who do not receive a vaccine. Currently, only two classes of antivirals are FDA approved for the treatment of influenza A: neuraminidase inhibitors and matrix M2 channel blockers. Although these drugs have been shown to be effective in reducing influenza illness by 24-48 hours and reducing shedding in relatively healthy adults, as with vaccination, they have had limited effectiveness in high risk groups and those who have severe or complicated influenza infections. In addition, antiviral resistance has become very common in human influenza A viruses, as currently circulating H1N1 and H3N2 strains are resistant to the adamantane M2 channel blockers and many cases of neuraminidase inhibitor resistance have also been reported with strains of both subtypes. This resistance can develop quickly and in most cases only requires a single amino acid change. Given these significant issues with currently available treatments, novel therapies for influenza are clearly needed.

Live virus challenge studies have played a pivotal role in developing influenza therapeutics in the past, and they will be instrumental in the future. No novel therapeutic or prophylactic agent has been FDA-approved since the last influenza challenge studies ceased over a decade ago. In collaboration with the Crucell Vaccine Institute (part of Crucell which is in the Janssen family of Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson \& Johnson) this protocol will evaluate mAb CR6261 for possible therapeutic value. Unlike the current antivirals that are compounds which interfere with some portion of the viral replicative cycle, this agent is a mAb that targets the stem of HA, neutralizing the virus by stabilizing the pre-fusion state and preventing the pH-dependent fusion of viral and cellular membranes. Pre-clinical data suggest that this mAb has good cross-protective efficacy with a variety of HA subtypes unlike current vaccines, making it potentially effective in the event of an emerging influenza virus outbreak with a novel HA subtype. In addition, the conserved nature of the HA stem region suggests that amino acid changes conferring resistance are much less likely. We will effort to demonstrate that CR6261 leads to improved outcomes compared with placebo with respect to the AUC of virus shedding as determined by qPCR in NP swabs in all treated subjects.
BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic joint infection is a devastating complication of total knee arthroplasty and is often treated with 2-stage revision. We retrospectively assessed whether replacing the patellar component with articulating stage-one spacers was associated with improved outcomes compared to spacers without patellar component replacement.
METHODS: A total of 139 patients from a single academic institution were identified who underwent an articulating stage-one revision total knee arthroplasty and had at least 1-year follow-up. Of the 139 patients, 91 underwent patellar component removal without replacement, while 48 had a patellar component replaced at stage-one revision. Patellar fracture and reinfection at any point after stage-one were recorded. Knee range of motion (ROM), patellar thickness, lateral tilt, and lateral displacement were measured at 6-weeks post stage-one. Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and t-tests were utilized for comparisons. There were no significant demographic differences between groups.
RESULTS: Patellar component replacement at stage-one revision was associated with fewer patellar fractures (2.1 versus 12.1%, P = .046), less lateral patellar displacement (1.7 versus 16.0 mm, P < .01), and improved pre to postoperative knee ROM 6 weeks after stage-one (+5.9 versus -11.4°, P = .03). There was no difference in reinfections after stage-2 revision for the replaced or unreplaced patellar groups (15.4 versus 15%, P = 1.000). While the mean time between stage-one and stage-2 was not different (5.2 versus 4.5 months, P = .50), at one-year follow-up, significantly more patients in the patellar component replacement group were satisfied and refused stage-2 revision (45.8 versus 3.3%, P < .001).
CONCLUSIONS: Replacing the patellar component at stage-one revision is associated with a decreased rate of patellar fracture and lateral patellar subluxation, improved ROM, and possible increased patient satisfaction, as reflected by nearly half of these patients electing to keep their spacer. There was no difference in reinfection rates between the cohorts.
The present invention discloses a production method of fowl leukocyte interferon. In the method, healthy fowl leukocytes are induced by newcastle disease viruses(NDV) as an inducing agent and then processed by cultivation, virus inactivation, degerming, separation, purification, etc. so that a fowl leukocyte interferon freeze-drying powder injection is prepared. In the present invention, fowl fresh whole blood is successfully used as a raw material, and the present invention has the advantages of simple and convenient preparation process, easy transportation and preservation after freeze-drying, and reliable quality of products. After being injected into fowl bodies, the injection has the characteristics of good curative effect, safety, reliability, no toxic or side effect, etc.; the injection can be used for treating vital diseases, such as avian influenza viruses, new castle diseases, fowl infectious bronchitis, gosling plague, duck plague, etc.
A hemostatic composition for stopping or decreasing blood flow from an open wound or medical or surgical procedure. Compositions of the invention comprise a mixture of a cationic polymer and a cation exchange material. In one embodiment, the composition comprises a mixture: (1) a high molecular weight copolymer of diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DADMAC) and acrylamide [DADMAC copolymer], and (2) the hydrogen form of a crosslinked, sulfonated polystyrene (hydrogen resin). In an exemplified embodiment, a composition of the invention comprises the mixture of DADMAC copolymer and hydrogen resin provided in a dry powdered form. The compositions of the invention may be applied directly to a wound or treatment site, or they may be incorporated into a wound dressing, such as a bandage. The seal formed at a wound or treatment site treated with the present invention is adhesive and exhibits considerable toughness.
OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study is to explore the risk factors and prognostic factors of brain metastases of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in a single center.
METHODS: Clinical data of patients with stages I-III TNBC were collected. The Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and stepwise COX regression were performed.
RESULTS: The 437 patients with stages I-III TNBC were followed up for five years. Among them, 89 cases (20.4%) developed brain metastases, and they were followed up for 2 years after brain metastasis. The cumulative brain metastasis rates of TNBC patients at six months, one year, two years, three years, and five years were 1.38%, 5.75%, 12.94%, 17.63%, and 21.26%, respectively. Multivariate analysis suggested that the first diagnosis age ≤35 years old, advanced pathological stage, lymph node metastasis, and Ki-67 ≥30% represented the risk factors for brain metastasis. In contrast, the surgical method was a protective factor for brain metastasis. The median survival time after brain metastasis was 4.87 months. The survival rates at one, three, six, 12, and 24 months were 84.27%, 60.67%, 34.83%, 15.69%, and 6.64%, respectively. The age >60 years at first diagnosis, Ki-67 ≥30%, local recurrence, and distant metastasis were closely related to the poor prognosis of TNBC patients with brain metastases, while radiotherapy alone, systemic therapy, and combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy represented the prognostic protective factors.
CONCLUSIONS: Patient age, Ki-67 level, metastasis, and treatment methods are the risk factors and prognostic factors for brain metastasis of TNBC. Surgical resection of the primary lesion during the first treatment is essential to reduce the incidence of brain metastases. Close postoperative follow-up (such as brain magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) within 2-3 years after surgery is recommended to improve the prognosis.
The systemic availability and orderly secretion patterns of GH and sex steroids decline in healthy aging men and women. The combined changes have substantial clinical implications to aging-related physical frailty, diminished aerobic capacity, sarcopenia, osteopenia, visceral adiposity, glucose intolerance, and reduced psychosocial wellbeing. Whereas androgen is considered the main trophic (anabolic) sex steroid, recent data demonstrate that certain tissues respond principally to GH and testosterone-derived estradiol, Estrogen (E2) (e.g. bone, brain, liver and pituitary). In principle, frailty may thus be associated with dual GH and sex-steroid deficiencies. Additionally, young, but not older healthy women secrete significant amounts of progesterone for approximately 14 days during the luteal phase of every menstrual cycle. When GH levels rise nearly two fold, the investigators hypothesize that progesterone potentiates the GH response to E2. This hypothesis arises from scattered indirect studies often using synthetic progestins with partial androgen agonism, instead of progesterone per se.

Because there is no basis for estimating statistical power for this novel paradigm, 40 women, 10 each in 4 groups, will be studied. The pilot data will be used to calculate statistical power for a definitive R01-based investigation of gender-specific distinctions in estrogen-regulated pituitary-hormone secretion.
The current dose range finding study with SP has been designed to test three different concentrations of SUBLIVAC FIX Phleum (SP) that includes 3 doses (10,000 AUN/mL; 40,000 AUN/mL; 80,000 AUN/mL) and placebo to demonstrate a dose response signal and to estimate the minimal effective dose of SP. The study will be conducted in the target population of seasonal allergic subjects in a fully validated Environmental Exposure Chamber (EEC) system. The EEC system is a facility that has temporal uniformity of airborne allergen (pollen) exposure to subjects. Use of the EEC ensures exposure to relatively consistent levels of allergen. This facility has been used in a number of immunotherapy trials and is an improved challenge model of AR compared to the previously used nasal provocation test. Treatment duration of this study is extended to 10 months.
The invention comprises an Isovaleric acid ester of the molecular formula C22H30O8 molecular weight 422.46 having a U.V. spectrum with max1 = 256 mm  (e  = 15010) and max2 = 204 mm  (e  = 3800) in methanol and IR- and NMR-spectra according to Figs. 1 and 2 (not shown) and the process for the isolation of the above Isovaleric acid ester sedative comprising the chromographic separation from a non-aqueous valerian extract, of the isovaleric acid ester sedative on aluminium oxide which has been partially inactivated by treatment in a non-aqueous medium with a carboxylic acid having from 2-7 carbon atoms in the molecule, and elution therefrom with a non-aqueous solvent preferably of the first range of the eluotropic series or a corresponding isoeluotropic mixture.ALSO:Aluminium oxide which has been partially inactivated by treatment of a commercial aluminium oxide, preferably a neutral or basic aluminium oxide standardized according to Brockman, in a non-aqueous medium, preferably in a lipophilic solvent.  Dioxane, acetone or an ester such as amylacetate or glycerine monoacetate or mixtures thereof may be added during the treatment of the aluminium oxide.  The inactivated aluminium oxide is used in the isolation of an isovaleric acid ester (see Division C2).ALSO:The invention comprises an Isovaleric acid ester of the molecular formula C22H30O8 molecular weight 422.46 having a UV-spectrum with max1 = 256 mm  (e  = 15010) and max2 = 204 mm  (e  = 3800) in methanol and IR-and NMR-spectra according to Figs. 1 and 2 respectively of the accompanying drawings and the process for the isolation of the above Isovaleric acid ester sedative comprising the chromographic separation from a non aqueous valerian extract, of the isovaleric acid ester sedative on aluminium oxide which has been partially inactivated by treatment in a non aqueous medium with a carboxylic acid having from 2-7 carbon atoms in the molecule, and elurion therefrom with a non aqueous solvent preferably of the first range of the eluotropic series or a corresponding isoeluotropic mixture.
Patients receive elimusertib PO QD on days 2 and 5 and topotecan IV over 30 minutes on days 1-5 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo CT and/or MRI throughout the study, tumor biopsy at screening and on study, and collection of blood samples at screening.
Post-gastric bypass hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia is a recently described disorder occurring in some patients after gastric bypass surgery for obesity. The pathogenesis is incompletely understood but involves a robust insulin response to ingested carbohydrate. The resultant hyperinsulinemia sometimes produces hypoglycemia with neuroglycopenia, confusion and even loss of consciousness. Various treatments have been recommended including low carbohydrate diets, coingestion of the medication acarbose with carbohydrate containing meals, partial pancreatectomy and even total pancreatectomy. None is completely satisfactory. We propose to test two new potential treatments. Using a design with random assignment of three conditions we plan to compare, in 10 patients with post-gastric bypass hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, a high carbohydrate test meal (control condition), a high carbohydrate test meal after pre-treatment with rapid acting aspart insulin (insulin condition), and a high fructose, low glucose test meal with carbohydrate and caloric content similar to the control meal (fructose condition). The hypothesis to be tested are 1) pretreatment with aspart insulin will prevent, or at least reduce, the occurrence of hypoglycemia and 2) substitution of fructose for glucose in the test meal will prevent, or at least reduce, the occurrence of hypoglycemia. Plasma glucose and serum insulin will be sampled before and for four hours after the three test conditions. The primary study endpoint will be the occurrence or not of plasma glucose \< 60 mg/dL after the test meals. The control meal will be compared to the insulin pre-treated test meal and, in a separate comparison, to the fructose test meal. Secondary endpoints will be comparisons between the control and active treatments in peak postprandial serum insulin, peak postprandial plasma glucose, nadir postprandial plasma glucose, and the 4-hr longitudinal course of plasma glucose measurements.
Many methods are used for balance training. One of them is balance discs. Balance discs consist of smooth and rough surfaces. Balance training is given to children with cerebral palsy on these two surfaces. Thanks to its balance disc structure, it plays an active role in the development of balance, but there is a need for evidence about whether rough or smooth surfaces and training have superiority over each other. Knowing the difference between the two surfaces will help the staff about which surface to use in the treatment and will be beneficial for the children.

The aim of this study is to determine whether there is a difference between a rough and smooth surface in terms of improving proprioceptive sense and balance.
The present invention relates to Chinese herbal medicine for curing parodontitis and gingivitis. The components of the present invention comprise 25 to 50% of asarum, and 50 to 75% of alcohol. A preparation method of the present invention comprises: placing the clean asarum in a container containing alcohol to be soaked for more than three days; then, filtering and removing slag to be spared. The present invention has the advantages of obvious alleviating pain and inflammation relief, good effect and convenient use and operation. As long as the Chinese herbal medicine is dipped by a cotton fiber to be placed on a disease tooth, pain is alleviated by biting for a moment. Gums are repeatedly coated and wiped, the present invention can quickly relieve inflammation.
Doxylamine succinate and pyridoxine hydrochloride delayed-release tablets are round, white to off-white, film-coated, delayed-release tablets containing 10 mg of doxylamine succinate and 10 mg of pyridoxine hydrochloride. Tablets are imprinted with M over DP in black ink on one side of the tablet and blank on the other side. 

Inactive ingredients are as follows: hypromellose, magnesium stearate, magnesium trisilicate, methacrylic acid copolymer dispersion, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, polysorbate 80, propylene glycol and talc. In addition, the black imprinting ink contains ammonium hydroxide, black iron oxide, propylene glycol and shellac glaze.

Doxylamine Succinate: Doxylamine succinate is classified as an antihistamine. The chemical name for doxylamine succinate is 2-[α[2-(Dimethylamino)ethoxy]-α-methylbenzyl]pyridine succinate (1:1). The molecular formula is C17H22N2O • C4H6O4 and the molecular mass is 388.46. The structural formula is: 

Doxylamine succinate, USP is a white or almost white powder, having a characteristic odor, that is very soluble in water and alcohol, freely soluble in chloroform and very slightly soluble in ether and benzene. 

Pyridoxine Hydrochloride: Pyridoxine hydrochloride is a vitamin B6 analog. The chemical name for pyridoxine hydrochloride is 3,4-Pyridinedimethanol, 5-hydroxy-6-methyl-, hydrochloride. The molecular formula is C8H12ClNO3 and the molecular mass is 205.6. The structural formula is: 

Pyridoxine hydrochloride, USP is white or practically white crystals or crystalline powder that is freely soluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol and insoluble in ether.
We examined how resistance exercise (RE), cycling exercise and disuse atrophy affect myosin heavy chain (MyHC) protein fragmentation. The 1boutRE study involved younger men (n = 8; 5 ± 2 years of RE experience) performing a lower body RE bout with vastus lateralis (VL) biopsies being obtained prior to and acutely following exercise. With the 10weekRT study, VL biopsies were obtained in 36 younger adults before and 24 h after their first/naïve RE bout. Participants also engaged in 10 weeks of resistance training and donated VL biopsies before and 24 h after their last RE bout. VL biopsies were also examined in an acute cycling study (n = 7) and a study involving 2 weeks of leg immobilization (n = 20). In the 1boutRE study, fragmentation of all MyHC isoforms (MyHCTotal) increased 3 h post-RE (∼200%, P = 0.018) and returned to pre-exercise levels by 6 h post-RE. Interestingly, a greater magnitude increase in MyHC type IIa versus I isoform fragmentation occurred 3 h post-RE (8.6 ± 6.3-fold vs. 2.1 ± 0.7-fold, P = 0.018). In 10weekRT participants, the first/naïve and last RE bouts increased MyHCTotal fragmentation 24 h post-RE (+65% and +36%, P < 0.001); however, the last RE bout response was attenuated compared to the first bout (P = 0.045). Although cycling exercise did not alter MyHCTotal fragmentation, ∼8% VL atrophy with 2 weeks of leg immobilization increased MyHCTotal fragmentation (∼108%, P < 0.001). Mechanistic C2C12 myotube experiments indicated that MyHCTotal fragmentation is likely due to calpain proteases. In summary, RE and disuse atrophy increase MyHC protein fragmentation. Research into how ageing and disease-associated muscle atrophy affect these outcomes is needed. HIGHLIGHTS: What is the central question of this study? How different exercise stressors and disuse affect skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain fragmentation. What is the main finding and its importance? This investigation is the first to demonstrate that resistance exercise and disuse atrophy lead to skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain protein fragmentation in humans. Mechanistic in vitro experiments provide additional evidence that MyHC fragmentation occurs through calpain proteases.
This case report illustrates a unique presentation of Lemierre's syndrome precipitated by Fusobacterium necrophorum. This case report describes a 20-year-old patient who developed Lemierre's syndrome secondary to a shoulder hematoma and neck abscess with multiple systemic complications in the absence of tonsillitis or oropharyngeal infection. Two weeks prior to presentation, the patient sustained a right shoulder injury and contracted COVID-19. Due to his Lemierre's syndrome, he developed right internal jugular vein and subclavian vein thrombosis, septic lung emboli, right sided Horner's syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, pelvic collection, septic arthritis of pubic symphysis and osteomyelitis of the right pubic bone, and proximal left femoral shaft. The patient received non-operative and operative management to manage his Lemierre's syndrome including surgical drainage, antibiotics, and anticoagulation; he was discharged following an extended hospital stay. This case report highlights a rare presentation of Lemierre's syndrome secondary to a shoulder hematoma in a COVID-19 positive patient, and its potential systemic and life-threatening complications. Its importance is highly relevant in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Further studies are warranted to explore the effect of preceding COVID-19 infections on the microbiological profile in Lemierre's syndrome.
Risk Summary

There are no available data on the presence of olopatadine or mometasone furoate or its metabolites in human milk, the effects on the breastfed child, or the effects on milk production. Other corticosteroids similar to mometasone furoate, are excreted in human milk. However, mometasone furoate concentrations in plasma after nasal therapeutic doses are low and therefore concentrations in human breast milk are likely to be correspondingly low.

Olopatadine has been identified in the milk of nursing rats following oral administration. It is not known whether topical nasal administration could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in human breast milk.

The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for RYALTRIS and any potential adverse effects on the breast fed infant from RYALTRIS or from the underlying maternal condition.