anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The efficacy of OPTISON was evaluated in two identical multicenter, controlled, dose escalation studies of 203 patients (Study A: n=101, Study B: n=102) with sub-optimal non-contrast echocardiography defined as having at least two out of six segments of the left ventricular endocardial border inadequately delineated in the apical four-chamber view. Among these patients there were 79% men, 21% women, 64% White, 25% Black, 10% Hispanic, and 1% other race or ethnic group. The patients had a mean age of 61 years (range: 21 to 83 years), a mean weight of 196 lbs. (range: 117 to 342 lbs.), a mean height of 68 inches (range: 47 to 78 inches), and a mean body surface area of 2.0m2 (range: 1.4 to 2.6m2). Approximately 23% of the patients had chronic pulmonary disease, and 17% had congestive and dilated cardiomyopathy with left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEFs) of between 20% and 40% (by previous echocardiography). Patients with a LVEF of less than 20% or with New York Heart Association Class IV heart failure were not included in the studies.

After non-contrast imaging, OPTISON was administered in increasing increments as 4 doses (0.2, 0.5, 3.0 and 5 mL) with at least ten minutes between each dose. Ultrasound settings were optimized for the baseline (non-contrast) apical four-chamber view and remained unchanged for the contrast imaging. Static echocardiographic images and video-tape segments were interpreted by a reader who was blinded to the patient's clinical history and to the dose of OPTISON. Left ventricular endocardial border delineation and left ventricular opacification, were assessed before and after OPTISON administration by the measurement of visualized endocardial border length and ventricular opacification.

In comparison to non-contrast ultrasound, OPTISON significantly increased the length of endocardial border that could be visualized both at end-systole and end-diastole (see Table 3). In these patients there was a trend towards less visualization in women. OPTISON increased left ventricular opacification (peak intensity) in the mid-chamber and apical views (see Table 4). The imaging effects of OPTISON on endocardial border delineation and left ventricular opacification were similar at doses between 0.5 mL and 5 mL and were also similar among patients with or without pulmonary disease and dilated cardiomyopathy.
Patients with inflammatory joint diseases (IJD) as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), spondylo arthropathy (SpA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are at high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. International recommendations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease recommend smoking cessation, physical activity, and dietary changes as part of treatment. Despite the evidence that behavioral counseling reduces overall cardiovascular risk, it is often an overlooked and underemphasized by clinicians. As of today, there is a knowledge gap regarding the efficacy of less intensive counseling sessions needed to obtain changes in dietary habits and clinical effects on CVD risk factors. Therefore, a brief dietary advice would be preferable if it could give a positive change in dietary habits and cholesterol. We have previously shown in a pilot study (8) that a 4 min. brief advice compared to a 60 min. personal tailored advice by a dietician on heart-friendly diet gave a similar change in dietary habits and LDL-c after 8 weeks in patients with IJD. The aim of the Diet Study is to perform a randomized controlled study comparing brief intervention (4 min) with a personal tailored dietary advice (60 min) on change in LDL-c and change in diet.
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is the most common cause of dementia in elderly people and substantially affects patient quality of life. Oxidative stress is considered a key factor in the development of AD. Nrf2 plays a vital role in maintaining redox homeostasis and regulating neuroinflammatory responses in AD. Previous studies show that potassium 2-(1-hydroxypentyl)-benzoate (PHPB) exerts neuroprotective effects against cognitive impairment in a variety of dementia animal models such as APP/PS1 transgenic mice. In this study we investigated whether PHPB ameriorated the progression of AD by reducing oxidative stress (OS) damage. Both 5- and 13-month-old APP/PS1 mice were administered PHPB (100 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.g.) for 10 weeks. After the cognition assessment, the mice were euthanized, and the left hemisphere of the brain was harvested for analyses. We showed that 5-month-old APP/PS1 mice already exhibited impaired performance in the step-down test, and knockdown of Nrf2 gene only slightly increased the impairment, while knockdown of Nrf2 gene in 13-month-old APP/PS1 mice resulted in greatly worse performance. PHPB administration significantly ameliorated the cognition impairments and enhanced antioxidative capacity in APP/PS1 mice. In addition, PHPB administration significantly increased the p-AKT/AKT and p-GSK3β/GSK3β ratios and the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO-1 in APP/PS1 mice, but these changes were abolished by knockdown of Nrf2 gene. In SK-N-SH APPwt cells and primary mouse neurons, PHPB (10 μM) significantly increased the p-AKT/AKT and p-GSK3β/GSK3β ratios and the level of Nrf2, which were blocked by knockdown of Nrf2 gene. In summary, this study demonstrates that PHPB exerts a protective effect via the Akt/GSK3β/Nrf2 pathway and it might be a promising neuroprotective agent for the treatment of AD.
Neurological deficits, psychiatric disorders, and cognitive impairments often accompany stroke, brain injury, epilepsy, and many neurological disorders, which present intricate comorbidities that challenge recognition and management. There are many tools and paradigms for evaluating learning, memory, anxiety, and depression-like behaviors in lab animal models of brain disorders. However, there is a significant gap between clinical observations and experimental models, which limit understanding of the complex interplay between chronic brain conditions and their impact on cognitive dysfunction and psychiatric impairments. This article describes an overview of experimental rationale, methods, protocols, and strategies for evaluating sensorimotor, affective and cognitive-associated comorbid behaviors in epilepsy, traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, spinal cord injury (SCI), and many other neurological disorders. First, we delve into clinical evidence elucidating the profound impact of comorbidities, e.g., psychiatric disorders and cognitive deficits, in individuals with epilepsy. Then, we discuss diverse approaches to assess these comorbidities in experimental models of brain diseases. Finally, we explore the methodologies for assessing motor function, sensorimotor, behavior, and psychiatric health. We cover strategies and protocols enabling these assays, including implementing behavioral paradigms to assess learning and memory, anxiety, and depression-like behaviors in rodents in health and disease conditions. It is essential to consider a comprehensive battery of tests to investigate various behavioral deficits, considering environment, age, and sex differences relevant to the disease, such as TBI, SCI, epilepsy, stroke, and other complex neurological conditions. © 2024 The Author(s). Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Participants received 60 mg denosumab by subcutaneous injection on day 1 and at months 6, 12, and 18. Participants also received placebo to risedronate orally once a day for 24 months.
A total of 87 couples have participated in this study. All couples were about to start an assisted reproduction treatment (artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization). Couples were assigned to one of three study groups: group intervention, couple intervention or no intervention (control group). Patients in the first group (group intervention) attended six group psychotherapy sessions. Patients in the second group attended six psychotherapy sessions (particular sessions in this case). The patients in the third group received no psycho-social intervention. Assignation to each group was not randomized, it depended on scheduling availability of the patients. Patients attended one session every week or 15 days. Each session lasted 90 minutes. Sessions were designed to minimize the possible negative psycho -social impact of infertility and its treatment. Different aspects were approached in these sessions including emotion expression, social coping, communication skills, emotion management in different social situations, identification of dysfunctional thoughts, cognitive restructuring, and cognitive distortions. The outcomes measured were: anxiety, depression, life quality, coping and perceived social support. These variables were assessed before ART, after ART and in a follow-up performed six months after ART. Psychological variables were assessed using different well-recognized inventories.
Multi-phase polymeric microspheres containing a molecular compound dispersed in a polymeric matrix are described. Methods for preparing the multi-phase microspheres are also described, which includes a multiple emulsion solvent evaporation technique. Drug loading efficiencies between 80 to 100% were achieved using the described methods. Particular ratios of the W/O emulsion to polymer, and concentration of surfactant and dispersion media (mineral oil) provide highly efficient multi-phase microspheres. In particular embodiments, the multi-phase microspheres feature a high loading efficiency of water-soluble drugs, and also eliminates partitioning of the water soluble agent into the polymer acetonitrile (solvent) phase, thus preventing low encapsulation efficiency. The described multi-phase microspheres possess efficient drug loading, release properties, and drug stability, and also provide a vehicle for long term therapeutic release of a biologically active molecule for therapeutically effective periods of time. Molecular compounds which may be incorporated within the multi-phase microspheres include both water-soluble and water-insoluble drugs, proteins (e.g. TNF), peptides, and chemicals. The molecular compound is protected within an oily droplet, and contact with polymer, surfactant, organic solvents, and other potentially denaturing agents is prevented.
All married women of reproductive age who receive family planning counseling at a participating health facility and who choose to receive injectable contraception will be given an option of either DMPA-IM (current health worker administered standard of care) or DMPA-SC (new administration method, with option for self-injection after completing training). Those opting for DMPA-SC will receive training on self-injection procedures and an opportunity to practice injection procedures on a model (e.g. condom filled with salt) to demonstrate confidence and proficiency to inject herself under the supervision of a healthcare provider. Clients will then be shown how to use a calendar to determine when their next injection is due, and provided a calendar/reminder card, job aids that illustrate self-injection steps (including safe disposal of needles), and 3 doses of DMPA-SC to take home for future use.
PURPOSE:To make control of diffusion of smell easy by a method wherein a fragrant agent being effectively utilized for an aromatherapy is formed by incorporating a fragrance covered with a raw material whose solubility is changable in depending on pH under soln. condition and a pH controller. CONSTITUTION:A fragrance (a foaming tablet) 1 is coated a raw material 3 whose solubility is changable in depending on pH under soln. condition, e.g. an enteric coating agent soluble under alkaline condition) such as aminoalkyl methacrylate copolymer and methacrylic acid copolymer or a coating agent soluble in a stomach (soluble under acidic condition) such as polyvinyl acetal diethylaminoacetate. Compatibility of the raw material is changed by changing the pH of the coating raw material 3 to control easily the amt. of emission of the fragrance and to perform a delicate control of swell. In addition, in this instance, the degree of emission of the smell is variously changed or different smells are emitted with time by changing kinds of the fragrance and the coating material, the amt. of use thereof and the rate of incorporation of the pH controlling agent.
Aim: To observe the curative effect of acupuncture in the treatment of Ischemic Post-Stroke Depression． Design: A multicentre,open-label randomized controlled trial will be performed in Tianjin and Beijing . Two hundred and eight participants with Ischemic Post-Stroke Depression patients were randomly divided into two groups which were both given basic treatment of stroke. The acupuncture group was given Tiaoshenkaiqiao acupuncture therapy and placebo，while the control group was treated with fluoxetine tablets and sham acupoint acupuncture treatment. Evaluated the clinical efficacy of the two groups with Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD), Barthel Index (BI),Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale,(TESS ),Clinical Global Impression Scale(CGI) respectively before treatment, the second weekend of treatment ,the fourth weekend of treatment, the eighth weekend of treatment, the twelfth weekend of treatment. And observed the adverse reaction of the two groups.

Each participants will receive 36 sessions of acupuncture in 12 weeks, with a duration of 30 minutes in a session. After all the treatments were accomplished, there will be one follow-ups in the 24th week.
This study investigated the anatomical details of the axillary and radial nerves in 50 upper limbs from 29 adult formalin-embalmed cadavers, and ten fresh upper limbs. The focus was on understanding the course, division, and ramifications of these nerves to improve treatment of shoulder dysfunction caused by axillary nerve damage. The axillary nerve divided anteriorly and posteriorly before passing the quadrangular space in all specimens, with specific distances to the first ramifications. It was found that the deltoid muscle's clavicular and acromial parts were always innervated by the anterior division of the axillary nerve, whereas the spinous part was variably innervated. The longest and thickest branches of the radial nerve to the triceps muscles were identified, with no statistically significant differences in fiber numbers among triceps branches. The study concludes that nerve transfer to the anterior division of the axillary nerve can restore the deltoid muscle in about 86% of shoulders, and the teres minor muscle can be restored by nerve transfer to the posterior division. The medial head branch and long head branch of radial nerve were identified as the best donor options.
BACKGROUND: Sclerotherapy is purportedly less effective in patients with hemorrhagic than with non-hemorrhagic lymphatic malformations (LMs). We aimed to compare the efficacy of bleomycin-lauromacrogol foam (BLF) sclerotherapy in the treatment of macrocystic LMs with and without intralesional hemorrhage.
METHODS: Fifty-five children with macrocystic LMs admitted to the Pediatric Surgery Department were retrospectively included. The patients were allocated into a hemorrhage group (23 cases) or a non-hemorrhage group (32 cases) based on the occurrence of an intracapsular hemorrhage. The diagnosis was confirmed by physical examination, color ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and puncture findings. BLF was injected into the capsule after draining the cystic fluid under color ultrasound guidance. Patients whose lesions were unchanged or showed minor change after 1 month were treated again using the same method. Changes in lesion size and the number of treatments were recorded. Effectiveness was classified as excellent (volume reduction ≥90%), good (50%≤volume reduction<90%), or poor (volume reduction <50%).
RESULTS: In the hemorrhage group, 17, 6, and 0 patients' outcomes were classified as excellent, good, and poor, respectively. The overall efficacy rate was 100%. In the non-hemorrhage group, 23, 7, and 2 patients' outcomes were classified as excellent, good, and poor, respectively. The overall efficacy rate was 93.8%. There was no significant difference in efficacy rate between groups (P = 0.767).
CONCLUSIONS: BLF is an effective and safe treatment for macrocystic LMs with bleeding. The results were similar in patients with and without bleeding.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Treatment, Level III.
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a complex neurovascular disorder characterized by repetitive thunderclap headaches and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction. The pathophysiological mechanism of this mysterious syndrome remains underexplored and there is no clinically available molecular biomarker. To provide insight into the pathogenesis of RCVS, this study reported the first landscape of dysregulated proteome of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with RCVS (n  =  21) compared to the age- and sex-matched controls (n  =  20) using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry. Protein-protein interaction and functional enrichment analysis were employed to construct functional protein networks using the RCVS proteome. An RCVS-CSF proteome library resource of 1054 proteins was established, which illuminated large groups of upregulated proteins enriched in the brain and blood-brain barrier (BBB). Personalized RCVS-CSF proteomic profiles from 17 RCVS patients and 20 controls reveal proteomic changes involving the complement system, adhesion molecules, and extracellular matrix, which may contribute to the disruption of BBB and dysregulation of neurovascular units. Moreover, an additional validation cohort validated a panel of biomarker candidates and a two-protein signature predicted by machine learning model to discriminate RCVS patients from controls with an area under the curve of 0.997. This study reveals the first RCVS proteome and a potential pathogenetic mechanism of BBB and neurovascular unit dysfunction. It also nominates potential biomarker candidates that are mechanistically plausible for RCVS, which may offer potential diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities beyond the clinical manifestations.
SAD study cotains at least 4 cohorts at dosage of 150mg, 300mg, 600mg and 900mg. Each cohort enrolls 6 subjects receive study drug.
The invention relates to a kind of intestinal mucosa damage restoring agent as well as preparative method. It has solved many defects of traditional method such as no obvious therapeutic efficacy of digallic acid soybean protein to diarrhea caused by bacteria, fungus, virus, toxins and parasites, the increase of drug resistant strain and multidrug resistant strain, the increase of chemical resistance and drug tolerance of pathogenic bacteria. The product in the invention contains 15-100% (by weight) of digallic acid antimicrobial active protein. The preparing method of the invention: adopting digallic acid to load antimicrobial active protein. The total efficiency of the agent can reach 100%, the diarrhea symptoms of patients can be substantially released after 1 day of taken the medicine, after 2-3 days, the cure rate can reach 85% or more. The yield of the antimicrobial active protein in the invention is 80% or higher by weight.
The pharmaceutical composition comprises a plurality of immune cells comprising a disruption in a target sequence of a cytokine inducible SH2-containing protein (CISH) gene, wherein the target sequence comprises SEQ ID NO: 13, the efficiency of the disruption is at least 60% and prior to administration, the cells are cryopreserved in a cryopreservation medium. The cells may be cryopreserved at a freeze density of 7.0x107 to 8.0x108. The cells may be tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) or natural killer (NK) cells. The disruption may be performed by CRISPR. The cryopreservation medium may comprise DMSO. Also claimed is a method of making a pharmaceutical composition. The composition may further comprise an anti-fungal agent.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

A total of 839 patients with GA in two Phase 3 studies (OAKS and DERBY) were treated with intravitreal SYFOVRE, 15 mg (0.1 mL of 150 mg/mL solution). Four hundred nineteen (419) of these patients were treated in the affected eye monthly and 420 were treated in the affected eye every other month. Four hundred seventeen (417) patients were assigned to sham. 

The most common adverse reactions (≥5%) reported in patients receiving SYFOVRE were ocular discomfort, neovascular age-related macular degeneration, vitreous floaters, and conjunctival hemorrhage.

Endophthalmitis, retinal detachment, hyphema and retinal tears were reported in less than 1% of patients.

Optic ischemic neuropathy was reported in 1.7% of patients treated monthly, 0.2% of patients treated every other month and 0.0% of patients assigned to sham. Deaths were reported in 6.7% of patients treated monthly, 3.6% of patients treated every other month and 3.8% of patients assigned to sham. The rates and causes of death were consistent with the elderly study population.
Unlike conventional dental ceramic powder made by grinding, dental ceramic nanocrystals are formed by vaporization into individual particles. Tetragonal zirconia particles thus formed are not broken into pieces, and so do not transform to weaker monoclinic zirconia and weaker sintered products. The particles created by this approach can be much smaller, and dental prostheses sintered from this powder can be stronger and more realistic. For instance, the smaller size of sintered tetragonal zirconia crystals increases optical translucence by reducing scattering from birefringence, and the small average particle size and tight distribution of sizes and shapes can essentially eliminate pores in a sintered product. Cylindrical and spherical particles can be manufactured by this approach, whereas prior art dental ceramic particles were generally neither. In addition to tetragonal zirconia, various dental ceramic particles and powders can be made by this approach, which can be used to form various sintered dental prostheses.
Acapella is one of the Oscillatory Positive Expiratory Pressure (OPEP) device used in mobilization of peripheral secretions to the central trachea. It consists of a mouth piece and metal strip that is attached to a magnet which oscillates upon exhalation of the patient into the device results in oscillations. This helps in generating positive expiratory pressure (PEP) and oscillations of the magnetic ball assist in mucus collection and expectoration. Pulmonary functions are greatly reduced in patients undergone CABG surgery due to prolong effects of anesthesia and muscle relaxants administered prior to surgery. Ciliary motion along the pathway of pulmonary tract is depressed which results in decrease expectoration capacity, causes mucus retention and reduces pulmonary volumes and capacities. Chest physiotherapy is the treatment option for such patients that is being practiced over years. In recent years certain respiratory aids or devices are also in use to relieve secretion retention along with standard chest physiotherapy techniques.

The purpose of this study is to find the effects of using Acapella as an OPEP device along with conventional chest physiotherapy techniques in post-CABG surgery patients to relieve mucus retention and improving pulmonary functions post-surgery.
Allopurinol 300mg P.O. once daily for four weeks followed by allopurinol 300mg P.O. twice daily for 12 weeks.