anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a cement that can suppress the viscosity increase in the kneading, even when the weight ratio of the kneading solution is low, shows excellent operability and moldability with the curing time shortened and gives the hardened or cured product of high strength. SOLUTION: Powdery calcium phosphate is mixed with N-alkyl-D-glucamine (the alkyl is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or iso-propyl) to prepare the objective calcium phosphate cement or water is added to the phosphate cement and the mixture is kneaded to give the objective cement composition. The N-alkyl-D- glucamine has an average particle size of 0.1-100 μm and its content is 0.05-5 pts.wt., per 100 pts.wt. of the cement. In a preferred embodiment, the glucamine is included in the cement composition in an amount of 0.1-10 pts.wt. The N- alkyl-D-glucamine may be replaced with an alkanolamine (the alkanol means methanol, ethanol, n- or iso-propanol; the amine means mono-, di- or triamine).
BACKGROUND/AIM: There is limited information on the pathologic changes in the small airways among obese and nonobese patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Impulse oscillometry (IOS) measures airway resistance and reactance independently of patient effort. This study aimed to compare airway resistance in small airways using IOS between obese and nonobese patients with OSAS.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this real-life cross-sectional study, demographic information was collected from obese and nonobese subjects diagnosed with moderate and severe OSAS without any other underlying diseases. Spirometry and IOS measurements were conducted, and the values of both groups were statistically analyzed.
RESULTS: The nonobese group had a mean age of 45.6 ± 11.7 years (median 45), while the obese group had a mean age of 48.4 ± 9.5 years (median 47.5). The mean body mass index (BMI) for the nonobese group was 26.2 ± 2.1 kg/m2 (median 27 kg/m2), and for the obese group, it was 35.6 ± 6.4 kg/m2 (median 33 kg/m2). Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in R5 - R20 percentage, reactance area (AX), and resonant frequency (Fres) values (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Among obese OSAS patients, there is an increase in resistance in small airways as indicated by IOS values. IOS shows promise as a potential screening tool for diagnosing OSAS.
The invention relates to smoking-quitting and toxin-reducing medicinal powder prepared from Chinese herbal medicines serving as raw materials and a preparation method thereof, and a cigarette or a cigarette filter tip which are prepared from the medicinal powder. The medicinal powder is prepared from the following raw materials in part by weight: 5 to 10 parts of astragalus, 5 to 10 parts of divaricate saposhnikovia root, 5 to 10 parts of atraotydin, 5 to 8 parts of amomum fruit, 3 to 6 parts of mint, 10 to 15 parts of blackberrykiky rhizome, 5 to 10 parts of wrinkled gianthyssop herb, 6 to 10 parts of fortune eupatorium herb, 3 to 6 parts of liquoric root and 5 to 10 parts of prepared honey. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: frying the powder in the raw materials until the powder reaches a certain temperature; adding the prepared honey; and frying until the raw materials are dried. Each tobacco shred of the cigarette prepared from the smoking-quitting and toxin-reducing medicinal powder comprises 0.1g of smoking-quitting and toxin-reducing medicinal powder. Each cigarette filter tip prepared from the smoking-quitting and toxin-reducing medicinal powder comprises 0.1 to 0.5g of smoking-quitting and toxin-reducing medicinal powder. The medicinal powder has the effects of quitting smoking, reducing toxin, treating diseases and caring health on the premise of ensuring the unchangeableness of the original cigarette taste to the greatest extent.
Patients aged 40 and over with COPD and comorbid depression/anxiety. Managed care enrolees (aged \>40 years) having newly initiated drug therapy with FSC or AC during the identification period (01/01/2004 to 06/30/2008) to treat COPD with a medical or pharmacy claim for depression before and 60 days post index date were the target population. The first fill date of FSC or AC was the index date.
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Topical Lotion 1% (OP2101) is a novel formulation developed for the treatment of skin disorders characterized by pruritus. Research show that oral Fexofenadine Hydrochloride (FX) may lead to a small improvement of pruritus in patients with Atopic Dermatitis (AD). In clinical practice, oral antihistamines are widely used off-label for pruritus relief in AD, indicating a discrepancy in trial outcomes and real-life experience. The pre-study thesis postulates that the antipruritic effect of FX can be leveraged in a dose-response relationship facilitated by high topical concentration of FX in direct contact with the pathological process of the skin. The sponsor also suggest that the Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) blocking property of FX is an untapped resource that is likely to be dose-response dependent and manifested by means of high topical concentration in proximity to the inflammatory process. The repositioning of FX to a topical treatment has the potential for high safety, efficacy, fast relief, and ease of use. OP2101 is also aimed at inflammation control, suppression of bacterial imbalance, moisture retention, upregulation of antimicrobial peptides, and skin barrier restoration. As such, it targets six of the pathological pillars of AD. Assessment of topical tolerability and skin adsorption (systemic exposure) are the main objectives in this phase 1 study.
This pilot study will evaluate the pharmacodynamic effects of intratumoral injection of pIL-12 followed immediately by electroporation (IT-pIL12-EP). A minimum of ten patients with biopsy-accessible triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) will be treated in this study. Additional patients, up to a maximum of 25 patients, may be enrolled based upon pharmacodynamic observations and at the discretion of the Principal Investigator, in consultation with the Sponsor. All patients will receive a single 28-day treatment cycle. One lesion will remain untreated (the control lesion). Treatment will be administered on Days 1,5, and 8 of the single 28-day cycle. Treatments will consist of direct injection of pIL-12 into tumor lesions, followed immediately by electroporation of the lesions. At the end of the treatment cycle, patients will return to clinic for a final safety evaluation and tumor biopsy. This end of study (EOS) visit will occur prior to initiating any new anti-cancer therapy/regimen.

All patients will undergo tumor biopsies at two separate timepoints for molecular and histological analyses associated with the primary endpoint. At least one lesion will be biopsied at Screening (pre-treatment sample). Biopsies of the untreated control lesion and at least one treated lesion will be obtained at the EOS visit (post-treatment samples). Additional tumor biopsy samples may be requested if there is either tumor regression or progression prior to EOS.

Duration of participation will be approximately 4 weeks for each patient. A patient is considered to have completed the study if all three IT-pIL12-EP treatments (Days 1, 5, \& 8) and all required pre- and post-treatment tumor biopsies have been obtained and EOS safety follow-up evaluations have been performed.
Serious overdose with codeine is characterized by respiratory depression (a decrease in respiratory rate and/or tidal volume, Cheyne-stokes respiration, cyanosis), extreme somnolence progressing to stupor or coma, skeletal muscle flaccidity, cold and clammy skin, and sometimes bradycardia and hypotension. The triad of coma, pinpoint pupils, and respiratory depression is strongly suggestive of opiate poisoning. In severe overdosage, particularly by the intravenous route, apnea, circulatory collapse, cardiac arrest, and death may occur. Promethazine is additive to the depressant effects of codeine.

It is difficult to determine what constitutes a standard toxic or lethal dose. However, the lethal oral dose of codeine in an adult is reported to be in the range of 0.5 to 1 gram. Infants and children are believed to be relatively more sensitive to opiates on a body-weight basis. Elderly patients are also comparatively intolerant to opiates.
Transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) is a new surgical procedure for total mesorectal excision (TME) by dissociating the mesorectum from the bottom through transanal endoscopic. The characteristics of TaTME are mainly summarized as transanal reverse operation, no auxiliary abdominal incision, complete mesorectal excision and specimen removal through the anus. So taTME is a natural orifice specimen extraction procedure (NOSES). Compared with traditional laparoscopy, taTME has obvious oncological and technical advantages. However, similar to NOSES, the specific surgical approach to taTME may induces bacteriological safety concerns. Whether TaTME is safe and feasible still needs strong evidence-based medical evidence. However, there have been prospective studies related to bacteriology in NOSES surgery, but there is a lack of prospective clinical studies on the issue of bacteriological diffusion during taTME surgery. Bacterial contamination of the peritoneal cavity is common in laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer. Although the standard NOSES procedure avoids bacteriological problems through the use of antibiotics, surgical peritoneal irrigation, and the use of sterile specimen bags, its safety remains inconclusive. Therefore, compared with conventional laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery, taTME not only takes specimens from the natural orifice, but also requires further prospective studies on whether the incision of the intestinal wall from the mucosa during the operation will violate the aseptic principle, the aseptic safety of taTME still needs further prospective studies to confirm. Therefore, the investigators conducted a randomized controlled study to collect the abdominal and pelvic irrigation fluids in the transanal and laparoscopic TME surgery for bacteriological examination, to clarify the influence of the two different surgical methods on the intraoperative bacterial diffusion. The purpose of this study was to clarify the influence of two different surgical methods on the intraoperative bacterial spread, and to provide more evidence-based medical evidence for the safety of taTME surgery.
This medication can be obtained only by prescription from your doctor. The decision to use this medication is one that you and your doctor should make together, taking into account your individual needs and medical condition.

Before using this medication, women who can become pregnant should consider the fact that this medication has been associated with birth defects, in particular, with spina bifida and other defects related to failure of the spinal canal to close normally. Approximately 1 to 2% of children born to women with epilepsy taking valproate in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy had these defects (based on data from Centers for Disease Control, a U.S. agency based in Atlanta). The incidence in the general population is 0.1 to 0.2%.

This medication has also been associated with other birth defects such as defects of the heart, the bones, and other parts of the body. Information suggests that birth defects may be more likely to occur with this medication than some other drugs that treat your medical condition.
ABSTRACT           Disclosed is a method for producing a structure such as ultra filtration membrane.  The structure comprises a membrane which has continuous pores and a plain, curved, cylindrical or vesicular surface consisting essentially of a cell wall layer of contiguous protein molecules or protein containing molecules arranged to form a crystal lattice defining the continuous pores.          The membrane is connected to or embedded in a carrier or the membrane is a stable unsupported film.  The method comprises removing cell contents from intact cells of microorganisms or breaking the intact cells and separating the cell wall layers or their fragments, suspending the cell wall layers or their fragments in a liquid medium, depositing or introducing the cell wall layers or their fragments onto a carrier or connecting the cell wall layers or their fragments together to form a stable unsupported film and treating with a mono- or bifunctional foreign molecule to covalently cross link the cell wall layers or their fragments inter- or intramolecularly or with the carrier.  The method does not employ a disintegration of a surface layer of cell wall into its constituting protein molecules and a self-assembly of the molecules.  The structure is useful, for example, for filtering or enclosing enzymes.
The present invention relates to a field of drug injection, and discloses a drug information detection device and a drug information detection type injection device. The drug information detection device is configured to detect an injected dose of an injection pen containing drug. An adjusting knob is arranged at one end of the injection pen for determining the injected dose. The drug information detection device includes a housing, a rotary encoder configured to convert rotation information of the adjusting knob into drug injected dose information, and a control assembly. The rotary encoder includes an encoder body and a rotary block rotatably connected to the encoder body. The encoder body and the control assembly are electrically connected to each other and are fixed to the adjusting knob. The housing is configured to cover the encoder body and the control assembly. A button is arranged at one end of the housing. The rotary block is fixedly connected to the button. During injection, the encoder body (1132) of the rotary encoder (113) of the drug information detection device (11) rotates with the adjusting knob (121) to convert the rotation amount into drug information to be recorded. Therefore, the drug information detection of the present invention has less detection error and requires lower accuracy of operation and installation.
The invention discloses a molecular marker, an inhibitor, a kit and a medicament related to breast cancer and breast cancer specific bone metastasis, and belongs to the field of biomedicine. The molecular marker is TMC5 gene or expressed protein thereof, and the TMC5 gene is up-regulated in the expression of breast cancer and breast cancer specific bone metastasis. The inhibitor is selected from siRNA and shRNA in the antisense strand of the TMC5 gene, and can be used for preparing medicaments for inhibiting the occurrence and/or the development of breast cancer and breast cancer bone metastasis. The kit comprises a reagent capable of quantitatively detecting the expression quantity of the TMC5 gene. The agent contains an agent that inhibits the expression of TMC gene. The invention provides a new target for diagnosing and treating the breast cancer and the breast cancer specific bone metastasis, and has great clinical significance.
Bleomycin for Injection may be given by the intramuscular, intravenous, subcutaneous or intrapleural routes. 

###  Administration Precautions 

Caution should be exercised when handling Bleomycin for injection. Procedures for proper handling and disposal of anticancer drugs should be utilized. Several guidelines on this subject have been published.1–4 To minimize the risk of dermal exposure, always wear impervious gloves when handling vials containing Bleomycin for injection. If Bleomycin for injection contacts the skin, immediately wash the skin thoroughly with soap and water. If contact with mucous membranes occurs, the membranes should be flushed immediately and thoroughly with water. More information is available in the references listed below.

###  Intramuscular or Subcutaneous

The Bleomycin for Injection, USP 15 units vial should be reconstituted with 1 to 5 mL of Sterile Water for Injection, USP, Sodium Chloride for Injection, 0.9%, USP, or Sterile Bacteriostatic Water for Injection, USP. The Bleomycin for Injection, USP 30 units vial should be reconstituted with 2 to 10 mL of the above diluents.

###  Intravenous

The contents of the 15 units or 30 units vial should be dissolved in 5 mL or 10 mL, respectively of Sodium Chloride for Injection, 0.9%, USP, and administered slowly over a period of 10 minutes.

###  Intrapleural 

Sixty units of Bleomycin are dissolved in 50 to 100 mL Sodium Chloride for Injection, 0.9%, USP, and administered through a thoracostomy tube following drainage of excess pleural fluid and confirmation of complete lung expansion. The literature suggests that successful pleurodesis is, in part, dependent upon complete drainage of the pleural fluid and reestablishment of negative intrapleural pressure prior to instillation of a sclerosing agent. Therefore, the amount of drainage from the chest tube should be as minimal as possible prior to instillation of Bleomycin. Although there is no conclusive evidence to support this contention, it is generally accepted that chest tube drainage should be less than 100 mL in a 24-hour period prior to sclerosis. However, Bleomycin instillation may be appropriate when drainage is between 100 to 300 mL under clinical conditions that necessitate sclerosis therapy. The thoracostomy tube is clamped after Bleomcyin instillation. The patient is moved from the supine to the left and right lateral positions several times during the next four hours. The clamp is then removed and suction reestablished. The amount of time the chest tube remains in place following sclerosis is dictated by the clinical situation. 

The intrapleural injection of topical anesthetics or systemic narcotic analgesia is generally not required.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.
Criminal legal system involved emerging adults are one of the highest-risk populations for opioid and other substance use and other significant problems (criminal behaviors), but they lack access to and engagement in evidence-based practices. The deleterious outcomes and long-term costs of substance use for emerging adults, communities, and society (estimated at over $740 billion annually and greater than costs for any other health problem), make this a priority. This pilot project is aimed at using paraprofessional coaches to increase engagement and access to evidence-based practices (i.e., contingency management for substance use and vocational/educational coaching) for emerging adults with substance use and criminal legal system involvement. In partnership with parole and probation, sixty emerging adults with substance use will be randomized to work with twenty paraprofessional coaches either with or without lived experience (i.e., successful substance use recovery and/or adult criminal legal system involvement). Although using peer paraprofessional coaches (those with lived experience) is becoming more popular and supported at the federal level, the outcome of this work on the paraprofessional coaches themselves, especially for emerging adults, is largely unexplored. The proposed study will use both quantitative and qualitative methods to assess feasibility and acceptability of the services and research protocols and to gain a better understanding of the impacts on both the coaches and their emerging adult clients. As substance use and poor vocational/educational attainment greatly increases the likelihood of recidivism, innovative strategies to reduce opioid and other substance use for emerging adults is critical, along with understanding the effects on the service providers (i.e., paraprofessional coaches). Aim 1: Determine the feasibility of paraprofessional coaches to deliver (with high adherence) the established interventions to emerging adults with substance use and criminal legal system involvement as part of probation and parole services, and explore differences in the delivery of the interventions based on lived experience. Aim 2: Compare emerging adult clients' engagement (attendance, completion of the intervention) and outcomes (substance use, vocational/educational attainment, criminal recidivism), when interventions are delivered by paraprofessional coaches with vs. without lived experience. Aim 3: For paraprofessional coaches delivering the interventions, examine the differences over time between those with vs. without lived experience on their own substance use symptoms and substance use relapse risk factors.
High dosage of early intervention is critical to language skill development in young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and including parents is a cost-effective approach to maximize intervention dosage. However, parent-mediated interventions have inconsistent effects on parent and child outcomes. This variability is likely because parents do not have the same training as clinicians and little effort has been spent examining parent characteristics that may influence their ability to implement different types of intervention strategies. Given the known cognitive, personality and language features present among many parents of children with ASD, examining the relationship between learning styles in parents and their implementation of different parent-mediated intervention strategies is an important first step in identifying potential sources of variability in parent-mediated intervention outcomes. The objective of the proposed study is to examine how parent learning style influences parent use of language intervention strategies and subsequent child language skills. The central hypothesis is that the parent learning style will be associated with: (a) differential use of language intervention strategies and (b) child language skills. The specific aims include determining the extent to which: (a) parent learning style and type of parent-mediated intervention are associated with mother use of language intervention strategies and subsequent child language skills, (b) parent learning style moderates the relationship between intervention type and mother use of language intervention strategies, and (c) parent learning style is associated with their use of language intervention strategies and their children's language skills. The proposed study will enroll 108 children with ASD between 24 and 36 months of age and their mothers. Mother-child dyads will be randomly assigned to one of two parent-mediated intervention strategies that are contrasted in their theoretical approach (responsive-developmental, directive-behavioral). Mother-child dyads will be assessed before randomization (pre-test), after intervention (post-test) and 3 months after the end of intervention to monitor maintenance. Children in both groups will receive 8 weekly intervention sessions at home using the same experimental procedures. The proposed research is significant because it will be the first examination of the impact of parent learning style on both parent and child outcomes of two different parent-mediated intervention strategies (directive, responsive). Understanding the effects of parent learning style on parent use of intervention strategies and subsequent child language skills is a key step in customizing parent-mediated interventions based on parent characteristics. The long-term positive effect of the proposed research is to improve language outcomes of interventions for children with autism by tailoring parent-mediated interventions that capitalize on parental strengths.