anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Large doses of sodium nitrite result in severe hypotension and toxic levels of methemoglobin which may lead to cardiovascular collapse.

Sodium nitrite administration has been reported to cause or significantly contribute to mortality in adults at oral doses as low as 1 g and intravenous doses as low as 600 mg. A death attributed to sodium nitrite has been reported following administration of an adult dose (300 mg IV followed by a second dose of 150 mg) to a 17-month old child.

Cyanosis may become apparent at a methemoglobin level of 10-20%. Other clinical signs and symptoms of sodium nitrite toxicity (anxiety, dyspnea, nausea, and tachycardia) can be apparent at methemoglobin levels as low as 15%. More serious signs and symptoms, including cardiac dysrhythmias, circulatory failure, and central nervous system depression are seen as methemoglobin levels increase, and levels above 70% are usually fatal.

Treatment of overdose involves supplemental oxygen and supportive measures such as exchange transfusion. Treatment of severe methemoglobinemia with intravenous methylene blue has been described in the medical literature; however, this may also cause release of cyanide bound to methemoglobin. Because hypotension appears to be mediated primarily by an increase in venous capacitance, measures to increase venous return may be most appropriate to treat hypotension.
PURPOSE: Pre- and post-endovascular treatment (EVT) imaging may aid in predicting functional outcomes in acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) ischemic stroke. Low post-EVT contrast extravasation (CE)-ASPECTS is associated with poor functional outcomes. Besides the MCA regions included in the ASPECTS score, CE may be seen in the mesial temporal (MT) region. In this study, we investigated the frequency and prognostic implication of MT-CE in acute ischemic stroke patients.
METHODS: Patients with an acute ischemic stroke due to anterior large vessel occlusion who received EVT and post-EVT DECT between 2010 and 2019 were included. Iodine overlay maps of DECT were assessed for the occurrence of CE, using the ASPECTS for occurrence in the MCA region and, calculating a CE-ASPECTS, for whether the MT region was involved. Multivariable linear and logistic regression were used to assess the relationship between involvement of MT-CE and 24-48h NIHSS, mRS, and mortality on a multiple imputed dataset. All models were adjusted significant variables in univariate analyses and for total CE-ASPECTS.
RESULTS: 501/651 patients met the inclusion criteria. MT-CE occurred in 97 (19 %) patients, and was more often present in patients with internal carotid artery occlusions. MT-CE was associated with higher NIHSS scores at 24-hours (aβ 2.2, 95 % CI 0.09-4.31), with increased risk of higher mRS scores (acOR 1.88, 95 % CI 1.16-3.06), and with increased risk of mortality (aOR 2.12, 95 % CI 1.16-3.86).
CONCLUSION: MT-CE is a common finding on post-EVT DECT and is an independent predictor for worse functional outcomes.
Participants perform 16 exergame training (video game-based physical exercise) sessions over a period of 4 to 8 weeks (depending on in-patient or out-patient). Each training lasts between 15 to 25 minutes. Exergames automatically adjust the game difficulty to the abilities of the respective participant.
Compositions and methods are provided for treatment of cartilage defects in animals and humans. The compositions of the invention include synovial tissue, synovial cells and matrices containing synovial (or cambium) tissue or cells for use in filling a cartilage defect. The matrix and synovial tissue or cell preparations may also contain a proliferation agent, transforming factor or other active agents to promote healing. A controlled- release delivery system may be used to administer the transforming factor. The compositions of the invention also include a synovial covering membrane or devitalized fascial sheet for covering the cartilage defect. The methods of this invention are those in which a minimally invasive surgical intervention is performed to remove a small portion of synovial membrane from a joint. Portions of the synovial membrane, or cells expanded in vitro, are implanted alone or within a matrix, into the defect site, where they produce new cartilage tissue and repair the defect. Alternatively, partially transformed synovial-derived tissue may be formed in situ and implanted into the defect site.
The invention disclosed a kind of complex ofloxacin injection as well as preparing method. The injection contains 5-20 shares of ofloxacin, 5-25 shares of sulphuric acid colistin, 1-20 shares of trimethoprim and 50-300 shares of propylene glycol. The preparing procedure includes the following steps: (1) weighing materials; (2) putting the sulphuric acid colistin into injection water, stirring until it's all soluble; (3) heating propylene glycol to 75-85DEG C, adding trimethoprim, stirring to make it soluble; (4) putting together the solution of step (2) and (3), clarifying the solution, regulating the ph value of the solution, adding water to 1000 shares to get the preparation. Ofloxacin has the antibacterial activity of the third generation quinolones which can inhibit the bacteria prokaryotic cell DNA gyrase and DNA replication. Sulphuric acid colistin has no residue and side effects in animal bodies. The combination of the two medicines can widen the antibacterial spectrum and increase the curative effect.
BACKGROUND: Stress associated with changes in host immunity occurs in response to altered environmental conditions, endogenous imbalances, infectious agents and harmful stimuli. The importance of genetic diversity in chickens has increased due to individual immune differences towards resistance and susceptibility to various stimuli.
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the association of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) polymorphism with acute phase response (APR) in Ross 308 broiler chickens.
METHODS: The allelic diversity of the LEI0258 microsatellite marker was determined in 120 Ross broilers. In addition, acute phase proteins (APPs), including serum amyloid A (SAA) and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), were analysed as markers of the APR. Furthermore, leukocyte count and the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio (H/L ratio) were examined. The antibody response to the Newcastle disease vaccine (NDV) was also measured to assess humoral mediated immunity. Lastly, the correlation between immune responses and MHC alleles was investigated to identify the most effective alleles in a stress-related situation.
RESULTS: A total of six alleles, ranging from 195 to 448 bp, were identified. Association study revealed a significant influence of MHC alleles on APPs in Ross population (p < 0.05). Notably, Allele 448 had a significant correlation with SAA concentration and the H/L ratio. Allele 207 displayed a positive association with AGP concentration, whereas Allele 195 showed a negative association. Furthermore, a significant association was observed between Allele 448 and basopenia, as well as between Allele 195 and monocytosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Results confirmed the significance of MHC as a candidate gene marker for immune responses, which supports its use for vaccine design, genetic improvement of disease-resistant traits and resource conservation in commercial broiler chickens.
PURPOSE:The titled composition, containing amorphous nicardipine or a salt thereof, and having improved absorbability from the intestinal mucous membrane and a coronary and cerebral vasodilator action. CONSTITUTION:A composition containing amorphous nicardipine [chemical name: 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3'-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid-3-methyl ester-5-beta-(N-benzyl-N-methylamino)ethyl ester] or a salt thereof. The amorphous nicardipine or a salt thereof is preferably obtained by pulverizing the nicardipine or a salt thereof in a ball mill or in a vibrating ball mill into a fine powder. The nicardipine is useful as a remedy for cerebrl blood disorder, hypertension and angina pectoris, but is slightly soluble in the second solution specified in the ninth edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. The poor enteric solubility makes the realization of the lasting pharmacentical diffucult. The amorphous nicardipine improves the absorbability from the intestinal tract.
The Sonovein 2 system provides high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) abaltion of soft tissue. The energy is delievered via an extra-corporeal treatment probe, which includes an imaging system. The high energy ultrasound waves propagate through the skin and are focused on a portion of the target tissue, generating intense heat and causing local cell apoptosis and progressive tissue volume reduction over the following months in the tissue within the focal area. The process is then repeated in a stepwize fashion to destroy the targeted tissues. The Sonovein 2 system is comprised of several components, including the console, treatment arm containing the visualization and treatment unit (VTU), a computer with touchscreen user interface. In addition, the Sonovein 2 system is intended to be used in conjunction with a disposable cooling and coupling system known as ePack.
Patients received 14 g/day of L-arginine (90 mL syrup, Veyron France Laboratories). Doppler ultrasound examination of the uterine, umbilical and cerebral circulation, and of ductus venous was performed prior to inclusion, after 7 days of treatment, and the day before delivery. Ultrasound examination was performed upon randomization, and weekly until birth. Venous blood and urine samples were collected before initiation and after 7 days of treatment, and both maternal and umbilical venous samples were obtained at delivery for nitrate and nitrite (NO2-/ NO3-) determination.
A gel-like base for use as a carrier in making medicaments, consists of a glycerol fatty acid partial ester composition in which 10 to 90% by wt. of water is incorporated, the partial ester composition containing at least 75% of monoglycerides of fatty acids, preferably unsaturated, which contain at least 16 C atoms, and in which there is present not more than 10% of saturated fatty acid glycerides having more than 11 C atoms.  Mono-olein, mono-linolein, and monolinolenin are especially suitable, and are obtained from fatty oils, e.g. cottonseed, poppyseed or linseed oil.  The crude fatty acids obtained from the fatty oil are dissolved in acetone and chilled to separate out the major part of palmitic and other saturated higher fatty acids, and the resulting fatty acids, mainly oleic and linoleic acid, are then reacted with the required amount of glycerine or a tri-glyceride in the presence of an inter-esterification catalyst to form the monoglyceride.  This is separated by thin film centrifugal distillation under reduced pressure, as described in Specifications 682,625 and 682,626, [Group IV (b)].  The product containing 75 to 90% of monoglycerides is capable of absorbing up to 90% of water by mixing and heating to form a clear gel to which vitamins, hormones, or enzymes may be added.
OBJECTIVE: Vitiligo is a common systemic, idiopathic autoimmune disease. The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency of variants of the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene (50 bp Ins/Del, rs4817415, rs2070424, rs1041740, rs17880135) and circulating plasma protein levels through in-silico analysis.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Blood samples were collected from adult patients of both sexes with a clinical diagnosis of vitiligo. ELISA tests for SOD and analysis of gene variants by qPCR were compared to a disease-free reference group.
RESULTS: The population analyzed was young people between 29 and 37 years old, with a higher percentage of women. The population was found in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The 50 bp Ins/Del, rs4817415, and rs2070424 variants showed no significant difference between groups (p > 0.05). Although, in the dominant model, the CT and CTTT genotypes of the rs1041740 and rs17880135 variants showed an association with susceptibility to vitiligo compared to the control. Plasma SOD levels showed significant differences between the groups, and when stratified according to the genotypes of each variant, there was a significant difference, except with the rs17880135 variant. The haplotypes InsCGTC and InsAGCC are shown to be risk factors for susceptibility to vitiligo. The in-silico analysis demonstrated that the rs4817415, rs2070424, rs1041740, and rs17880135 variants of the SOD1 gene participate in the modification of selected regulatory elements for differentiating the protein, transcription factors, and long non-coding RNA.
CONCLUSIONS: Information regarding the pathogenesis of vitiligo helps recognize risk factors and identify the relationship of diagnostic markers of cell damage inherent to the disease. This will help improve aspects of prevention and the choice of treatment alternatives appropriate to each case.
The KRAS mutation is the most common oncogenic driver in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, a detailed understanding of how self-reported race and/or ethnicity (SIRE), genetically inferred ancestry (GIA), and their interaction affect KRAS mutation is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the associations between SIRE, quantitative GIA, and KRAS mutation and its allele-specific subtypes in a multi-ethnic cohort of 3,918 patients from the Boston Lung Cancer Survival cohort and the Chinese OrigiMed cohort with an independent validation cohort of 1,450 patients with NSCLC. This comprehensive analysis included detailed covariates such as age at diagnosis, sex, clinical stage, cancer histology, and smoking status. We report that SIRE is significantly associated with KRAS mutations, modified by sex, with SIRE-Asian patients showing lower rates of KRAS mutation, transversion substitution, and the allele-specific subtype KRASG12C compared to SIRE-White patients after adjusting for potential confounders. Moreover, GIA was found to correlate with KRAS mutations, where patients with a higher proportion of European ancestry had an increased risk of KRAS mutations, especially more transition substitutions and KRASG12D. Notably, among SIRE-White patients, an increase in European ancestry was linked to a higher likelihood of KRAS mutations, whereas an increase in admixed American ancestry was associated with a reduced likelihood, suggesting that quantitative GIA offers additional information beyond SIRE. The association of SIRE, GIA, and their interplay with KRAS driver mutations in NSCLC highlights the importance of incorporating both into population-based cancer research, aiming to refine clinical decision-making processes and mitigate health disparities.
FIELD: medicine, proteins. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to derivative of obesity protein OB with the prolonged half-life value. Invention relates, in part, to protein OB-immunoglobulin chimeras and derivatives of polyethylene glycol of protein OB that have the prolonged half-life value as compared with the corresponding native proteins OB. Also, invention relates to methods of appetite and/or weight body decrease and treatment of patients with other physiological states using derivatives of protein OB with the prolonged half-life value. EFFECT: broadened arsenal of agents used for control of obesity. 26 cl, 33 dwg, 8 pic, 1 ex
Historically, smallpox has been responsible for hundreds of millions of deaths. In 1980 the World Health Organization declared the global eradication of smallpox which was achieved through a surveillance and vaccination program using live virus vaccine. In spite of its eradication, the deliberate use of smallpox as a bioterrorist agent remains a threat. While there is an effective vaccine, there have been concerns regarding vaccine complications which have prevented universal vaccination in the absence of disease exposure. In addition, in the event of a smallpox outbreak vaccination may be ineffective in immunocompromised individuals and in those who were exposed to the virus more than 3 days prior to vaccination. Antiviral therapy may be able to supplement a vaccine, however, there are limitations of the currently available drug options. SIGA-246 is an oral medication that has been shown to be highly active against variola virus and has demonstrated safety in animal models. The primary objective of this study is to assess the safety and tolerability of SIGA-246 at various doses with a secondary objective of evaluating the pharmacokinetics of the drug. To achieve these objectives, 30 healthy volunteers will be enrolled into one of three dosing groups (500 mg, 1000 mg, or 2000 mg) to receive an oral, single dose of SIGA-246 or placebo. In each of the three ascending dosing groups there will be 8 active drug recipients and 2 placebo recipients. Safety of the study agents will be assessed by history, physical, and laboratory evaluations. Pharmacokinetic endpoints include C(max), T(max), t(1/2), AUC, CI and urinary excretion. Urine will be collected in 3 8-hour intervals and serial blood samples will be obtained after study agent administration.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: for correction of hyperhomocysteine-induced endothelial dysfunction in white rat males of Wistar line modeled is endothelial dysfunction by intragastric introduction of methionine in dose 3 g/kg daily during 7 days. Degree of dysfunction development is estimated by ratio of indices of endothelium-independent and endothelium-dependent vasodilatation, as well as by increase of homocysteine concentration. Correction of endothelial dysfunction is carried out by intragastric introduction of medication "Phosphogliv" capsules in dose 2.2 g/kg once per day an hour after methionine introduction. ^ EFFECT: method insures study of correction of hyperhomocysteine-induced endothelial dysfunction by means of phosphogliv with creation of definite model of said pathology. ^ 2 tbl
The NSB intervention consists of substituting the participants' usual serving of cans SSBs with NSBs (each 355 ml, 0 grams sugar) per day. The calories of the NSB group will not be matched to allow for "real-world" substitutions using products available on the market.
OBJECTIVE: A plethora of monoclonals have ushered up for NMOSD treatment. However, their limited availability and cost concerns poses a challenge for usage in developing nations. We compared relapse rates and disabilities among aquaporin-4 positive(AQP4+ve) patients on conventional immunosuppressants and rituximab in a tertiary referral center in southern India.
METHODS: This was a chart review of AQP4+ve patients registered under national demyelination registry maintained at institute. AQP4+ve patients were included if they were on azathioprine, MMF, methotrexate for six months; cyclophosphamide for three months and rituximab for one month.
RESULTS: 207 records were screened, 154 fulfilled inclusion criteria. Drugs used were azathioprine (70), MMF (34) and rituximab (33). All three drugs were non-inferior to each other in terms of ARR reduction. Median EDSS at last follow-up was significantly lower for azathioprine(2;IQR:0-5) and rituximab(2;IQR:0.5-5) than MMF(3.5;IQR:2-5.6), however azathioprine was associated with highest switch rate(34.3%) and was the only drug which required change because of intolerance. Failure rate was least for rituximab(27.3%).Patients on azathioprine and MMF required higher mean duration of concurrent steroids(7.8±7.7 and 4.56±2.17 months respectively) when compared to rituximab(2.77±1.38) and had more relapses due to steroid withdrawal.
CONCLUSION: Initial treatment with azathioprine, MMF and rituximab is comparable in terms of ARR reduction. Findings suggest that choice may be guided by adverse event profile of drug, rather than efficacy per se. Concurrent treatment duration with steroids should also guide clinical decision. Switch to second immunomodulation in event of initial failure adds to efficacy benefit, irrespective of the drug chosen.
NEW MATERIAL:A chromanone derivative shown by the formulaI(R1, R2, R4, and R5 are H or lower alkyl; R3 is H or halogen; n is 0 or 1) and its salt. EXAMPLE:(4-Chromanone-6-yl)acetic acid. USE:Effective as an antiphlogistic, analgesic, and antipyretic, having antiphlogistic and analgesic action, useful for remedying rheumatism, arthritis, etc., symptoms accompanied with various kinds of flares, pyrexias, aches, acute or chronic neuritides, various kinds of symptoms such as ache accompanied with symptom, trauma, painful disease such as lumbago, etc. Having no irritative action on the stomach. PROCESS:For example, a compound shown by the formula II (Ra is H, lower alkyl, etc.; Rb is H or lower alkyl) is reacted with a carboxylic acid shown by the formula III or its reactive derivative in an inert solvent such as carbon disulfide, etc. using anhydrous aluminum chloride by Friedel-Crafts reaction, to give a compound shown by the formula IV, which is heat-treated to give a compound shown by the formulaI.
Cardiomyocytes activate the unfolded protein response (UPR) transcription factor ATF6 during pressure overload-induced hypertrophic growth. The UPR is thought to increase ER protein folding capacity and maintain proteostasis. ATF6 deficiency during pressure overload leads to heart failure, suggesting that ATF6 protects against myocardial dysfunction by preventing protein misfolding. However, conclusive evidence that ATF6 prevents toxic protein misfolding during cardiac hypertrophy is still pending. Here, we found that activation of the UPR, including ATF6, is a common response to pathological cardiac hypertrophy in mice. ATF6 KO mice failed to induce sufficient levels of UPR target genes in response to chronic isoproterenol infusion or transverse aortic constriction (TAC), resulting in impaired cardiac growth. To investigate the effects of ATF6 on protein folding, the accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins as well as soluble amyloid oligomers were directly quantified in hypertrophied hearts of WT and ATF6 KO mice. Whereas only low levels of protein misfolding was observed in WT hearts after TAC, ATF6 KO mice accumulated increased quantities of misfolded protein, which was associated with impaired myocardial function. Collectively, the data suggest that ATF6 plays a critical adaptive role during cardiac hypertrophy by protecting against protein misfolding.
PURPOSE: Mind-body exercise is a promising non-pharmacological approach for managing sleep disturbance and depression that are prevalent among older adults, but its efficacy remains inconclusive across the studies. This study aimed to systematically evaluate and quantify the overall effectiveness of mind-body exercises on sleep disturbance and depression in older adults.
METHODS: We searched eight databases to identify relevant articles from their inception to April 2024. Experimental studies that evaluate the effects of mind-body movement therapy on sleep disturbance and depression in older adults were included. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool version 2.0 was used to appraise included studies. The pairwise meta-analysis was performed through the software Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Version 3.0. Moreover, subgroup analysis was utilized to understand the effect size on each form of mind-body exercise and to determine the source of heterogeneity.
RESULTS: A total of 27 studies were eligible and synthesized. The mind-body exercise appears statistically significant in reducing sleep disturbance (SMD = -0.60, 95% CI: 0.76 ∼ 0.44) and depression (SMD = -0.56, 95% CI: 0.75 ∼ 0.36) among older adults. Each form of mind-body exercise, including pilates, yoga, qigong, and tai-chi, effectively decreases sleep disturbance and depression, but there were no significant differences in the effects between these practices.
CONCLUSION: The cumulative evidence concludes that older adults who participated in mind-body exercise programs showed potential improvements in sleep disturbance and depression. This finding may serve as evidence for professionals to use this approach as a non-pharmacological approach to help older adults in the community and long-term care facilities who are having sleep disturbance and depression. More clinical trials are needed for an in-depth meta-analysis that can rank and compare the efficacy of each mind-body exercise practice.