anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Mobile health (mHealth) technologies are increasingly used in contact tracing and case finding, enhancing and replacing traditional methods for managing infectious diseases such as Ebola, tuberculosis, COVID-19, and HIV. However, the variations in their development approaches, implementation scopes, and effectiveness introduce uncertainty regarding their potential to improve public health outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: We conducted this systematic review to explore how mHealth technologies are developed, implemented, and evaluated. We aimed to deepen our understanding of mHealth's role in contact tracing, enhancing both the implementation and overall health outcomes.
METHODS: We searched and reviewed studies conducted in Africa focusing on tuberculosis, Ebola, HIV, and COVID-19 and published between 1990 and 2023 using the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. We followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines to review, synthesize, and report the findings from articles that met our criteria.
RESULTS: We identified 11,943 articles, but only 19 (0.16%) met our criteria, revealing a large gap in technologies specifically aimed at case finding and contact tracing of infectious diseases. These technologies addressed a broad spectrum of diseases, with a predominant focus on Ebola and tuberculosis. The type of technologies used ranged from mobile data collection platforms and smartphone apps to advanced geographic information systems (GISs) and bidirectional communication systems. Technologies deployed in programmatic settings, often developed using design thinking frameworks, were backed by significant funding and often deployed at a large scale but frequently lacked rigorous evaluations. In contrast, technologies used in research settings, although providing more detailed evaluation of both technical performance and health outcomes, were constrained by scale and insufficient funding. These challenges not only prevented these technologies from being tested on a wider scale but also hindered their ability to provide actionable and generalizable insights that could inform public health policies effectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, this review underscored a need for organized development approaches and comprehensive evaluations. A significant gap exists between the expansive deployment of mHealth technologies in programmatic settings, which are typically well funded and rigorously developed, and the more robust evaluations necessary to ascertain their effectiveness. Future research should consider integrating the robust evaluations often found in research settings with the scale and developmental rigor of programmatic implementations. By embedding advanced research methodologies within programmatic frameworks at the design thinking stage, mHealth technologies can potentially become technically viable and effectively meet specific contact tracing health outcomes to inform policy effectively.
The relationship between urinary tract infection caused by urease-producing bacteria and lithiasis due to struvite stones is well established in the literature. However, there is limited knowledge on whether non-urease producing bacteria can also promote crystallization. In our study, we analyzed the association between urinary lithiasis, other than struvite by crystallography and non-ureolytic bacteria, in 153 patients who underwent surgery for urinary stone. The collected samples were sent for crystallographic analysis and culture. Additionally, preoperatory urine culture was collected for combined evaluation with the previous data. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy was the most commonly performed approach (45.8%). Struvite stones were more frequently identified in women (90.3%). Among stones with positive cultures, except struvite, 45.5% were composed of calcium oxalate monohydrate. The difference between urine culture and stone culture was different in 24.8% of the cases. Among stones with positive cultures that did not contain struvite, 86.4% showed non-urease bacteria in their cultures and 47.1% of struvite stones also did not have urease-producing bacteria in their cultures (p < 0.021). Our findings suggest that there is an association between non-ureolytic bacteria and stones that are not composed of struvite.
The present embodiments relate to a multimodal cryptographic bio-human machine interface ("CB-HMI"), which seamlessly translates the user's touch-based entries into encrypted biochemical, biophysical, and biometric indices. The CB-HMI features thin hydrogel-coated chemical sensors and inference algorithms to non-invasively and inconspicuously acquire biochemical indices such as circulating molecules that partition onto the skin (here, ethanol and acetaminophen). Additionally, the CB-HMI hosts physical sensors and associated algorithms to simultaneously acquire the user's heart rate, blood oxygen level, and fingerprint minutiae pattern. Additional or alternative embodiments include a touch-based non-invasive monitoring solution for lithium pharmacotherapy management. The system is constructed based on a thin organohydrogel-coated lithium ion-selective electrode (TOH-ISE), where the TOH coating was engineered to render stabilized conditions for sensing. In particular, by adopting a water glycerol bi-solvent matrix, the gel features antidehydration property, rendering a controlled micro-environment for the ISE to condition and minimized the signal drift.
The present invention describes new monoclonal antibodies specific to vaginolysin from  Gardnerella vaginalis  that neutralize the cytolytic activity of vaginolysin. These antibodies might be useful for diagnostics of  Gardnerella vaginalis  infection. The present invention describes two new hybridoma cell lines 9B4 and 23A2 that produce neutralizing antibodies against vaginolysin. Monoclonal antibody produced by hybridoma 9B4 has a more potent neutralizing activity than that of hybridoma 23A2. The genetic material from hybridomas 9B4 and 23A2 can be used for developing biopharmaceutical recombinant antibodies with a potential therapeutic use. ˙
BACKGROUND: Most US children with acute otitis media [AOM] receive prompt antibiotic treatment, though guidelines encourage watchful waiting. Previous systematic reviews of antibiotics versus watchful waiting have focused on symptom resolution and RCTs, limiting the assessment of serious, rare complications. We sought to evaluate these complications by including observational studies.
METHODS: RCTs and observational studies that compared antibiotics to placebo or watchful waiting for pediatric clinician diagnosed AOM were identified [PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science] and reviewed for meta-analysis. Two reviewers independently extracted study characteristics, patient characteristics, and outcomes. We assessed publication bias, study bias with ROBINS-1 and RoB-2 and used random-effects models to assess treatment effects.
RESULTS: 24 studies were included. Antibiotics decreased the risk of acute mastoiditis [incidence 0.02%, RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.40-0.59; NNT 5,368]. This protective effect may be underestimated because of misclassification of non-suppurative conditions as AOM. Intracranial complications remained too rare to assess. Antibiotics markedly increased the risk of adverse effects [incidence 10.5%, RR 1.49, 1.27-1.73; NNH 23]. Studies used non-specific criteria for acute mastoiditis, potentially underestimating treatment effects.
CONCLUSIONS: Prompt antibiotic therapy reduces the risk for some AOM complications. The NNT to prevent serious, rare complications is high, while the NNH is relatively low. Large-scale population-based observational studies using real-world datasets with validated measures of severe complications are needed to improve understanding of risk factors for serious AOM complications, facilitate more selective antibiotic therapy, and optimize individual outcomes and public health.
Program with 8 face to face sessions (115 minutes/session) in groups of 15-18 people. This program was adapted from BA proponents and include mindfulness practices.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness and safety of ketamine and morphine in adult patients with acute pain in emergency department (ED) by using a meta-analysis method.
METHODS: This study was based on the Cochrane methodology for conducting a meta-analysis. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were eligible for this study, with an experimental group that received low-dose ketamine and a control group that received morphine. The participants were adults who had acute pain in the ED. The primary outcome measures were the numeric rating scale (NRS) and visual analog scale (VAS). The secondary outcome measures were the complete resolution of pain, NRS reduction ≥3 points, NRS reduction ≥50% or 60%, change of NRS score, change of VAS score, rescue analgesia, satisfaction and adverse events. Subgroup analysis was performed for studies with intravenous and intranasal administration of ketamine. The Review Manager Database was used to analyze the included studies.
RESULTS: 15 RCTs involving 1768 patients were included. The ketamine group had lower NRS scores than morphine group at 30 min (MD, -0.77 [95% CI, -0.93 to -0.61]; p < 0.00001), while the morphine had better analgesic effects at 120 min after treatment (MD, 0.33 [95% CI, 0.15 to 051]; p = 0.0003). The subjects of complete resolution of pain in the ketamine group performed better than those in the morphine group at 15 min (RR 3.18, 95% CI 1.75 to 5.78; p = 0.0001). Compared with the morphine group, the ketamine group had a lower incidence of adverse events requiring intervention (RR, 0.34 [95% CI, 0.18 to 0.66]; p = 0.001). Subgroup analysis of intravenous ketamine showed that ketamine had lower VAS score than the morphine group at 30 min. However, also on the 30-min VAS score, intranasal ketamine analgesia was less effective than morphine.
CONCLUSIONS: Ketamine had better analgesic effects in the early stages after treatment, while morphine maintained more durable effects. Compared with morphine, ketamine had a lower incidence of adverse events requiring intervention. The results of subgroup analysis showed that intravenous administration of ketamine was more effective than intranasal administration.
Botanical Combination therapies for treating AIDS and immune-deficient patients include therapeutically effective doses of five medicinal plants of Thailand. First combination, ayurvedic composition 1, consists of ground and spray-dried plant extracts  Houttuynia cordata, Combretum quadrangulare, Mimusops elengi, Randia siamensis , and  Borassus flabellifer  in the varied amount. Drug mixture is administered one capsule twice daily. Second combination therapy consists of ayurvedic composition 1 (one capsule twice daily) plus one capsule of ayurvedic composition 2 twice daily. Ayurvedic composition 2 is powder of  Houttuynia cordata  extract in varied amounts. Ayurvedic composition 3 consists of dried extracts of five plant materials in fixed amounts. Ayurvedic composition 4 is dried extract of  Houttuynia cordata  100 mg. A process for preparing includes washing, drying and grinding the plant materials into powder, extracting by boiling, filtering, drying the extract, mixing dried extracts in varied or defined amount and preparing pharmaceutical dosage forms of plant extract mixture.
Process for reducing viscosity in an aqueous polysaccharide composition comprising combining the aqueous composition with a non-aqueous viscosity reducing agent. In particular, processes for reducing the viscosity in an aqueous carbohydrate gum composition. In particular, processes for reducing viscosity of an aqueous composition of polysaccharide comprising combining viscosity reducing agent with the polysaccharide composition in an amount effective to form a two phase system. Products produced according to the aforementioned processes are also described. Aqueous compositions including polysaccharide and non-aqueous viscosity reducing agent, and wherein the water content of the composition is at least about 40 wt.%. Aqueous compositions including polysaccharide and non-aqueous viscosity reducing agent and wherein the viscosity of the composition is reduced by at least 10%. Processes for resolubilizing solid oxidized carbohydrate gum comprising combining aqueous solvent with the oxidized carbohydrate gum under conditions effective to give a resolubilized composition a pH less than about 7.
PURPOSE: To provide an improved method for encapsulating an active material in chitosan beads having improved mechanical and chemical stability and to provide a method for suitably protecting an active material sensitive to pH and an active material sensitive to contact with chitosan. CONSTITUTION: In a method for encapsulating at least one active material in chitosan beads, at least one active material is suspended in an acidic aq. soln. of a chitosan having a molecular weight of less than 250,000, the obtained suspension is added dropwise to a crosslinking soln. contg. 0.5-2% (w/v) diphosphate buffer and 1-4% (w/v) glyoxal hydrate to foam chitosan beads wherein at least one active material is encapsulated, and the obtained beads are cured in the crosslinking soln.
The invention provides a glycoprotein obtainable from grey matter, e.g. from mammalian sources, and capable of inducing growth cone collapse. The glycoprotein is implicated in neurodegeneration and so can be used as the basis of attempts to stimulate nerve regeneration by interfering with the functioning of the glycoprotein, e.g. by use of antibodies thereto. The invention thus also provides a method of inhibiting neurodegeneration or promoting neuroregeneration comprising administering to a patient a substance that interferes (up or down regulates) with the functioning of glycoprotein of the invention. The invention finds applicability in the treatment of conditions and diseases such as acute brain injury, Alzheimer's Disease or motor neurone disease.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a dermal preparation for external use having inhibiting actions on tyrosinases and elastases. SOLUTION: This dermal preparation for external use comprises an extract of a plant Ceplik (botanical name: Eucalyptus alba Reinw.) as an active ingredient in an amount of 0.0005-20wt.%, preferably 0.001-10wt.% therein. The extract of the Ceplik is obtained by immersing the plant whole herb together with an extracting solvent (e.g. methanol) therein or refluxing the mixture under heating, then filtering the mixture and concentrating the resultant filtrate. The active ingredient is prepared as the dermal preparation for external use such as an ointment, a cream, a milky lotion, a lotion, a pack or a bathing agent.  Thereby, the dermal preparation for external use has excellent effects on lightening of the color and beautifying and whitening of pigmentation, dermal stains, ephelides, chloasma, etc., after sunburn and is capable of restoring and maintaining the tenseness and elasticity of the skin and preventing the skin from aging.
OBJECTIVE: Known for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, flavonoid has phytoestrogenic effects, but it is unclear whether its role in hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS) differs by gender. Moreover, given the strong association between hyperuricemia and MetS, we aimed to explore whether flavonoid is a protective factor for hyperuricemia, independently of MetS, in different genders.
METHODS: Data for 2007-2010 and 2017-2018 were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and the Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS). To assess the association among flavonoid, hyperuricemia, and MetS, multivariate logistic regression and subgroup analyses were conducted. Besides, to investigate whether the association between flavonoid and hyperuricemia was independent of MetS, multivariate logistic regression models were further conducted to explore the association between flavonoid and MetS among females with hyperuricemia and to investigate the association between flavonoid and hyperuricemia among females after excluding MetS.
RESULT: Among 5356 females, anthocyanin intake was inversely associated with the prevalence of hyperuricemia (Q4 vs. Q1: OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.76), and MetS (Q4 vs. Q1: OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.93). Furthermore, subgroup analyses showed the beneficial association between anthocyanin and hyperuricemia among females aged 40 to 59 years and menopausal. However, among 5104 males, no significant association was observed after adjustment for covariates (Q4 vs. Q1: OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.18). While in 372 females with hyperuricemia, no significant association was found between MetS and anthocyanin (Q4 vs. Q1: OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.31 to 2.49). Meanwhile, among 3335 females after excluding MetS, there was still a significant association between anthocyanin and a lower prevalence of hyperuricemia (Q4 vs. Q1: OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.85).
CONCLUSION: Dietary anthocyanin is associated with a lower prevalence of hyperuricemia independently of MetS among females. Foods rich in anthocyanin should be emphasized for females, especially those aged 40 to 59 years and menopausal, which may be of potential significance in the prevention of hyperuricemia.
Patients receive paclitaxel IV over 60 minutes once weekly in weeks 1-12. Patients then receive dose-dense doxorubicin hydrochloride IV over 5-10 minutes and cyclophosphamide IV over 5-30 minutes (ddAC) once in weeks 13, 15, 17, and 19.
Purpose: Otitis media with effusion is an important problem in childhood. After proper diagnosis, generally 3 months of follow up has been recommended before surgical tympanostomy tube insertion. If the physician can estimate the status of the middle ear or fluid type better with a non-invasive method, we can suggest an early operation to these patients or decide to follow up more with no intervention. The purpose of the study is to compare the surgically confirmed middle ear effusions with wideband absorbance values and to differentiate them noninvasively before the operation.

Methods: A total of 123 children that were followed 3 months and treated surgically with the diagnosis of OME were included. Eighty-two sex, age-matched children were tested as control with wideband tympanometry. Ears were divided into four groups according to findings in the operation: serous, mucoid, adhesive, empty. Resonance frequency, 226 Hz, 1000 Hz compliance, Wideband Peak pressure, Absorbance measurements used for comparison.
Randomized obese hypertensive patients will receive treatment with oral Eplerenone twice daily for 8 weeks. Blood pressure response will be assessed at that time.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Gut bacterial translocation contributes to immune dysfunction and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in cirrhosis. We hypothesized that exposure of peritoneal macrophages (PMs) to bacterial DNA results in type-I interferon (IFN) production, shaping subsequent immune responses, inflammasome activation, and the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).
METHODS: PMs from patients with cirrhosis were stimulated with E. coli single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), lipopolysaccharide and IFN, or infected with E. coli, S. aureus, and Group B streptococcus in vitro. Cytokine release, inflammasome activation, and DAMP release were quantified by quantitative-PCR, ELISA, western blots, and reporter cells employing primary PMs, monocytes, and caspase-deficient THP-1 macrophages. Serum progranulin concentration was correlated with transplant-free survival in 77 patients with SBP.
RESULTS: E. coli ssDNA induced strong type-I IFN activity in PMs and monocytes, priming them for enhanced lipopolysaccharide-mediated tumor necrosis factor production without inducing toll-like receptor 4 tolerance. During in vitro macrophage bacterial infection, type-I IFN release aligned with upregulated expression of IFN-regulatory factors (IRF)1/2 and guanylate binding proteins (GBP)2/5. PMs upregulated inflammasome-associated proteins and type-I IFN upon E. coli ssDNA exposure and released interleukin-1β upon bacterial infection. Proteomic screening in mouse macrophages revealed progranulin release as being caspase-11-dependent during E. coli infection. PMs and THP-1 macrophages released significant amounts of progranulin when infected with S. aureus or E. coli via gasdermin D in a type-I IFN- and caspase-5-dependent manner. During SBP, PMs upregulated IRF1, GBP2/5 and caspase-5 and higher serum progranulin concentrations were indicative of lower 90-day transplant-free survival after SBP.
CONCLUSIONS: Type-I IFN shapes peritoneal immune responses and regulates caspase-5-mediated progranulin release during SBP.
IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS: Patients with cirrhosis exhibit impaired immune responses and increased susceptibility to bacterial infections. This study reveals that type-I interferon responses, triggered by pathogen-associated molecular patterns, are crucial in regulating macrophage activation and priming them for inflammatory responses. Additionally, we elucidate the mechanisms by which type-I interferons promote the release of progranulin from macrophages during spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Our findings enhance understanding of how bacterial translocation affects immune responses, identify novel biomarkers for inflammasome activation during infections, and point to potential therapeutic targets.
Dose escalation of U3 1565 will follow a modified 3+3 study design with a starting intravenous (IV) dose of 2 mg/kg. A maximum of 2 new subjects will receive their first dose of U3-1565 per 24-hour period during the dose-escalation phase. Subsequent escalating doses of 8, 16, and 24 mg/kg are planned. Three to 6 subjects will be enrolled in 4 sequential dose level cohorts.
Patients will receive 200 mg/m\^2 of Melphalan HCl for injection (propylene glycol free) as a one-time infusion on day 2. Blood samples for the pharmacokinetic (PK) evaluation of melphalan will be collected after melphalan dosing (day -2). Following one day of rest after the myeloablative Melphalan conditioning (day -1), patients will receive an autologous graft with a minimum cell dose of 2 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg of patient body weight (day 0).