anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the effect of combined exposure to different air pollutants on mortality in dialysis patients. This study aimed to investigate the association of multiple exposures to air pollutants with all-cause and cause-specific death in dialysis patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This registry-based nationwide cohort study included 90,373 adult kidney failure patients initiating maintenance dialysis between 2012 and 2020 identified from the French REIN registry. Estimated mean annual municipality levels of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 between 2009 and 2020 were combined in different composite air pollution scores to estimate each participant's exposure at the residential place one to 3 years before dialysis initiation. Adjusted cause-specific Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) per interquartile range (IQR) greater air pollution score. Effect measure modification was assessed for age, sex, dialysis care model, and baseline comorbidities.
RESULTS: Higher levels of the main air pollution score were associated with a greater rate of all-cause deaths (HR, 1.082 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.057-1.104] per IQR increase), regardless of the exposure lag. This association was also confirmed in cause-specific analyses, most markedly for infectious mortality (HR, 1.686 [95% CI, 1.470-1.933]). Sensitivity analyses with alternative composite air pollution scores showed consistent findings. Subgroup analyses revealed a significantly stronger association among women and fewer comorbid patients.
DISCUSSION: Long-term multiple air pollutant exposure is associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among patients receiving maintenance dialysis, suggesting that air pollution may be a significant contributor to the increasing trend of CKD-attributable mortality worldwide.
Iron plays a major role in the deterioration of β-thalassemia. Indeed, the high levels of transferrin saturation and iron delivered to erythroid progenitors are associated with production of α-globin precipitates that negatively affect erythropoiesis. Matriptase-2/TMPRSS6, a membrane-bound serine protease expressed in hepatocytes, negatively modulates hepcidin production and thus is a key target to prevent iron overload in β-thalassemia. To address safety concerns raised by the suppression of Tmprss6 by antisense oligonucleotides or small interfering RNA, we tested a fully human anti-matriptase-2 antibody, RLYB331, which blocks the protease activity of matriptase-2. When administered weekly to Hbbth3/+ mice, RLYB331 induced hepcidin expression, reduced iron loading, prevented the formation of toxic α-chain/heme aggregates, reduced ros oxygen species formation, and improved reticulocytosis and splenomegaly. To increase the effectiveness of RLYB331 in β-thalassemia treatment even further, we administered RLYB331 in combination with RAP-536L, a ligand-trapping protein that contains the extracellular domain of activin receptor type IIB and alleviates anemia by promoting differentiation of late-stage erythroid precursors. RAP-536L alone did not prevent iron overload but significantly reduced apoptosis in the erythroid populations of the bone marrow, normalized red blood cell counts, and improved hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Interestingly, the association of RLYB331 with RAP-536L entirely reversed the β-thalassemia phenotype in Hbbth3/+ mice and simultaneously corrected iron overload, ineffective erythropoiesis, splenomegaly, and hematological parameters, suggesting that a multifunctional molecule consisting of the fusion of RLYB331 with luspatercept (human version of RAP-536L) would allow administration of a single medication addressing simultaneously the different pathophysiological aspects of β-thalassemia.
Psychological dependence, physical dependence, and tolerance may develop upon repeated administration of opioids; therefore, TUXARIN ER should be prescribed and administered for the shortest duration that is consistent with individual patient treatment goals and patients should be reevaluated prior to refills [see Dosage and Administration (2.3), Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

Physical dependence, the condition in which continued administration of the drug is required to prevent the appearance of a withdrawal syndrome, assumes clinically significant proportions only after several weeks of continued oral opioid use, although some mild degree of physical dependence may develop after a few days of opioid therapy.

If TUXARIN ER is abruptly discontinued in a physically-dependent patient, a withdrawal syndrome may occur. Withdrawal also may be precipitated through the administration of drugs with opioid antagonist activity (e.g., naloxone, nalmefene), mixed agonist/antagonist analgesics (e.g., pentazocine, butorphanol, nalbuphine), or partial agonists (e.g., buprenorphine). Some or all of the following can characterize this syndrome: restlessness, lacrimation, rhinorrhea, yawning, perspiration, chills, myalgia, and mydriasis. Other signs and symptoms also may develop, including irritability, anxiety, backache, joint pain, weakness, abdominal cramps, insomnia, nausea, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, or increased blood pressure, respiratory rate, or heart rate.

Infants born to mothers physically dependent on opioids will also be physically dependent and may exhibit respiratory difficulties and withdrawal signs [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].
The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines, relating to an oxazine compound and medical use of the oxazine compound. The oxazine compound and salts made of pharmaceutically-applicable acids of the oxazine compound are used as platelet aggregation inhibitors. The structural formula of the oxazine compound is shown as follows: FORMULAE I, II, III, IV, V or VI. In the structural formula I, II, III, IV, V or VI, R is independently selected from a group consisting of H, alkyl groups containing 1-4 carbon atoms, benzyl or substituted or un-substituted aromatic groups. The synthetic method of the compound is simple. The compound is suitable for industrial production. Compared with natural analogues, the compound is more stable. Biological activity tests show that the compound has the advantages of analgesia, anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant activities and is an anti-platelet aggregation medicine.
Subject will be randomly assigned to either Ivabradine or Digoxin group. Ivabradine starting dose is 2.5 mg twice daily(BID). ECG will be performed at each visit during the treatment phase and dose will be adjusted based on the heart rate result from the ECG. Total treatment phase is 16 weeks ( 4 months).
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, particularly - to ophthalmology. The method involves laser exposure and retinalamine administration For this purpose, retinalamine 5 mg is dissolved in 2% lidocaine 1.5 ml. Parabulbarly, the prepared solution is introduced by 75 ml into each eye. 5-10 minutes later, retina focused continuous noncontact exposure to helium-neon laser follows. The light guide diametre is 3 mm, the distance of a distal end of the light guide to a front surface of cornea is 2-4 cm. The power is 2.2 - 2.6 Wt. Said combined exposure is daily for ten days. The duration of first three sessions of laser exposure is 3 minutes, and the following seven sessions of laser exposure last for 5 minutes. ^ EFFECT: method improves visual functions due to enhancing visual acuity and extending fields of vision, provides continuous stable maintenance of the effect; it is atraumatic. ^ 3 ex
'NMB1870' is a known surface protein in Neisseria meningitidis expressed across all serogroups. It has three distinct families. Serum raised against a given family is bactericidal within the same family, but is not active against strains which express one of the other two families i.e. intra-family but not inter-family cross-protection. The inventors have found that NMB1870 can be divided into domains, and that not all domains are required for antigenicity.  Antigenic domains can be taken from each of the three NMB1870 families and expressed as a single polypeptide chain. The inventors have also found that NMB1870 exposes some of its epitopes in surface loops situated between alpha helices, and that substitution of loop epitopes from one family into the loop position in another family allows chimeric NMB1870 to be produced with multi-family antigenicity. Thus chimeric NMB1870 proteins are provided that comprise portions of NMB1870 from different families.
A library of isolated and purified antigens specific for a micro organism is a set of individual molecules. The library forms antigen-antibody complexes useful in the context of diagnosing, vaccinating, treating conditions or diseases accociated with a specific microorganism such as Helicobacter pylori-induced gastroduadenal disease. For the antigen-antibody complexes in question the antibody is an immunoglobulin, which is IgE if the antigens are allergens. Complexes with IgA, IgG and IgM also are useful for monitoring progression of the disease and therapy effectiveness and selecting antigens for use in a customized vaccine. By this multivariate approach, a specific condition is diagnosed with high sensitivity and specificity by determining whether complexes form between a specific antigen library and a biological sample which contains immunoglobulins from an individual. In addition, such libraries are useful for immunotherapy, particularly with respect to  antigen desensitization and to production of customized vaccines.
Practicing acupuncture on specific acupoints. The retention time of the needle is 30 minutes every time and the frequency of treatment is 3 times per week for 8 weeks.
The present invention provides a medicine composition for treating acute kidney failure, which is prepared from 10.0 to 25.0 wt. % of Xiangdan injection, 1.0 to 5.0 wt. % of glycine and 70.0 to 88.0 wt. % of physiological saline. The composition of the present invention has good preventing and/or treating effects on patients with acute kidney ischemical reperfusion injury, is suitable for preparing medicines for preventing and/or treating acute kidney dysfunction caused by ischemia, and comprises various preparations such as injections, powder, tablets, capsules, etc. The composition of the present invention can avoid the potential kidney toxicity which exists because of the over-high use level of glycine when the single glycine is used for preventing and/or treating acute kidney dysfunction. The experimental research indicates that the composition of the present invention can increase the glomerular filtration rate and the urine flow rate during ischemic kidney dysfunction, decelerate the increasing speed of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen, and lighten the damage of kidney tubule cells, and can be used for preventing and treating diseases such as kidney dysfunction, etc. which are caused by ischemia.
Thoracic surgery patients are at high risk for severe complications post-surgery, such as respiratory failure, empyema, wound problems, and even mortality. Patients with complications may need readmission and invasive management. Usual care may not capture the symptoms of surgery complications. Well-designed remote monitoring of postoperative patients may enable early intervention and lower the risk of severe complications.

This study evaluates the implementation and effectiveness of perioperative electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) monitoring in thoracic surgery patients. Previous studies demonstrated the feasibility of ePROs monitoring by thoracic surgery patients and providers. This study will explore barriers to implementation before real-world effectiveness studies.
The teeth were treated in one-visit (OV) root canal treatment. Final root canal irrigation was performed with 5% EDTA, followed by 2.5% NaOCl and received an additional final rinse with 2% CHX before obturation.
Particles of a (primary) oil-in-hydrophilic liquid emulsion containing a thickening agent in the hydrophilic liquid phase are encapsulated by forming a secondary emulsion comprising the said primary emulsion dispersed in a coacervating solution comprising a coacervating agent and an aqueous dispersion of a linear macromolecular synthetic polymer and allowing a coacervate to form about the particles of primary emulsion and which may subsequently be hardened, plasticized and/or dried.  Suitable thickening agents are: acacia, tragacanth, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, magnesium aluminium silicate, polyglycols, glycerine and syrups. Suitable polymers are those whose structure comprises both lipophilic units and hydrophilic units, e.g. hydrolysed styrenemaleic anhydride copolymers and modifications thereof, those preferred being of the general formula [-R-R1-]n wherein R represents lipophilic units of which more than 70% are styrene residues and R1 represents lipophilic units of which more than 50% are maleic acid residues.  Other polymers mentioned are: styrene-maleic acid amide and methylvinyl ethermaleic acid copolymers, sulphonated polystyrenes and carbohydrate acetate phthalates.  The coacervating agent may be an electrolyte or a water-soluble liquid in which the coacervating polymer is less soluble than in water. Solubilizing agents, particularly polysaccharides, e.g. alginates, pectins, methyl cellulose and Irish moss derivates may be included in the polymer solutions.  Either or both phases of the primary emulsion may contain dissolved or dispersed materials which render the capsules of the invention useful as fertilizers, plant growth regulants, bactericides, pesticides, food additives, medicines and cosmetics. Specific examples relate to: (a) mineral oil-in-aqueous urea solution in styrene-maleic acid copolymer and (b) corn oil-in-aqueous rotenone dispersion in the same polymer.  Specification 751,600 is referred to.
Diagnosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is increasingly common in patients with liver cirrhosis. iCCA is not an indication for Liver transplantation (LT) at most transplant centres given the historically poor rates of survival and high rates of disease recurrence. A recent retrospective study shows that patients found to have very early iCCA on explant after undergoing LT for another indication, had a 5 year survival of 65% and recurrence rate of 13%.This suggests that LT can be a curative treatment if applied selectively and that it is time to reevaluate LT as a treatment option for those with very early iCCA. This study will evaluate the effectiveness of LT as a treatment for very early iCCA diagnosed in cirrhotic patients. Diagnosis of iCCA will be based upon biopsy results of a new tumor which does not present radiologically as an HCC. Patients fulfilling the strict study selection criteria will undergo a full transplant assessment and must be deemed otherwise "suitable" for liver transplant as per their centre's criteria. Patients will be treated with bridging therapies while they are on the transplant waiting list according to each center's policy. Patients with disease progression (tumor \>3cm or development of extrahepatic disease) at any time prior to transplantation will be excluded. Participants will be followed for 5 years from the time of transplant with patient survival and disease recurrence as outcome measures.
Patients will be given an placebo that is identical in appearance to the active comparator. It will be given as 2 gelcaps per day.
PURPOSE: Platypnea orthodeoxia syndrome (POS) is a rare cause of hypoxemia. Diagnosis of POS is challenging, requiring a high index of clinical suspicion, special investigations, and collaboration with multiple specialists.
CLINICAL FEATURES: We describe an 86-yr-old male who presented to the emergency department with hip pain after a witnessed fall. He was noted to be hypoxemic at presentation with a peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) of 84% on room air, with an inadequate increase in oxygenation after administration of a fractional concentration of inspired oxygen (FIO2) of 1.00. A chest radiograph, computed tomography pulmonary angiogram, and Doppler ultrasound of the liver were unremarkable. In the supine position with an FIO2 of 0.65, his SpO2 and arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) (96% and 74 mm Hg, respectively) increased significantly relative to the seated position (84% and 50 mm Hg, respectively). Contrast transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) showed a large patent foramen ovale (PFO) with right-to-left shunt. Transthoracic echocardiography showed rotation of the patient's heart, enabling direct alignment of the inferior vena cava with the PFO, creating a large anatomical right-to-left shunt in the seated position. Right heart catheterization confirmed a large PFO with normal right-sided heart pressures. He was treated with a septal occlusion and his SpO2 in the seated position improved immediately. The patient was discharged home without requiring supplemental oxygen.
CONCLUSIONS: Platypnea orthodeoxia syndrome is a rare presentation of hypoxemia. Positional changes in oxygenation are the cardinal feature of POS. Discordance between lung imaging and the severity of hypoxemia should prompt investigation for an intracardiac shunt, which can occur in POS even in the absence of increased right-sided heart pressures. Either contrast TTE or transesophageal echocardiography is necessary to make this diagnosis.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical utility of ultrasound in predicting the risk of carotid vulnerable plaque rupture using pathological intraplaque hemorrhage as the gold standard.
METHODS: A total of 118 patients who underwent endarterectomy due to symptomatic carotid artery stenosis were enrolled. Conventional ultrasound assessed the plaque thickness, area stenosis rate, echo, and surface morphology. Neovascularization were assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and tracing intraplaque nonenhanced areas. According to neovascularization grade (0-4), plaques were classified as low-, intermediate-, and high risk. Fresh intraplaque hemorrhage within the pathology was adopted as the gold standard for diagnosing plaque rupture risk. Thus, we divided patients into ruptured risk and nonruptured risk groups to assess the value of crucial factors for plaque rupture risk using ultrasound.
RESULTS: Of the 118 patients, hypertension accounted for 71.2%, hyperlipidemia 68.6%, diabetes 52.5%, and statin history 64.4%. In the rupture risk group, diabetes, smoking, and stenosis rate were significantly higher than the nonrupture risk group (P < .001); plaque thickness ≥4 mm (P > .05); and mainly hypoechoic with irregular surface morphology (P < .001), nonenhanced areas in the plaques (P < .001), and neovascularization >grade 2 (P < .001). Compared with the low-risk group, plaque rupture risk was 7.219 times higher in the medium-risk group and 18.333 times higher in the high-risk group. The kappa value of the interobserver consistency of crucial ultrasound parameters was >0.75, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.919 (P < .01).
CONCLUSIONS: Both conventional ultrasound and CEUS have significant clinical importance in the prediction of rupture risk in vulnerable carotid plaques, thereby enabling stroke risk stratification and the assessment of plaque rupture risk.
The present invention relates a compound of the following formula (I) (wherein, R1 represents a phenyl group etc. which may optionally substituted with substituents selected from halogeno group and a C1-C6 alkoxy group etc.; R2a and R2b maybe the same or different groups selected from a hydrogen atom and a halogeno group etc.; Ring A represents a benzene ring or an aromatic heterocycle group etc.; R3a and R3b maybe the same or different groups selected from a hydrogen atom and a halogeno group etc.; X represents CH2, O, S etc.; R4a represents a hydrogen atom etc.; R4b represents a carboxy group and a carboxy C1-C6 alkyl group etc.), or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and also concerns the squalene synthetase inhibitor that contains the compound of the pressent invention as the active ingredient. Because the compound of the pressent invention shows the squalene synthetase inhibiting activity and the cholesterol synthesis inhibiting activity, it is useful as the medicines for preventing and / or treating the hyperlipemia and / or arteriosclerosis of the high blood cholesterol syndrome, the high blood triglyceride syndrome, and the low blood HDL syndrome etc. in the mammal including the human.
Gemcitabine is a nucleoside metabolic inhibitor. Gemcitabine hydrochloride is 2′-deoxy-2′, 2′-difluorocytidine monohydrochloride (β-isomer) with the following structural formula: 

The empirical formula for gemcitabine hydrochloride is C9H11F2N3O4 • HCl. It has a molecular weight of 299.66 g/mol. 

Gemcitabine hydrochloride is soluble in water, slightly soluble in methanol, and practically insoluble in ethanol and polar organic solvents. 

Gemcitabine for Injection, USP is a sterile white to off-white lyophilized powder and available as 200 mg and 1 g single-dose vials for intravenous use only. Each 200 mg vial contains 200 mg gemcitabine (equivalent to 227.7 mg gemcitabine hydrochloride), 200 mg mannitol and 12.5 mg sodium acetate. Each 1 g vial contains 1 g gemcitabine (equivalent to 1.139 g gemcitabine hydrochloride), 1 g mannitol, and 62.5 mg sodium acetate. Hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide may have been added for pH adjustment.
A method for preventing the respiratory complications after surgery in lungs and pleura provides for the use of the broad spectrum antibiotic. The first dose is administered prior to the beginning of the surgery. The artificial lung ventilation is performed in CMV+S mode, namely, in the setting of the conventional artificial lung ventilation, the periodical inflation by the double volume each 50th breath is executed with two-drainage draining of the pleural cavity, postoperative oxygen therapy and the sanitation fibrobronchoscopies (when required). Three broad spectrum antibiotics are used for 7 days: Amicacin 1.0 g, Ceftriaxon 1.0 g, and Levofoxacin 0.8 g followed by the parenteral administration of the specific antibiotic selected after the assessment of the sensitivity of the plated bacteria. At the end of the surgery, the sanitation fibrobronchoscopy is performed. Mucolytics, antibioal tree. The drainages are connected to aspiration soon after the ribs are converged. The lungs are inflated gradually by the double volume as long as the air is going through the drainages. Postoperatively, acetyl cysteine is prescribed.
The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine for adjusting dysfunction of qi and blood as well as a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 25-45g of szechwan Chinaberry fruits or local chinaberry fruits, 15-30g of rhizoma corydalis, 20-30g of Yunnan Maca, 10-20g of Syzygium aromaticum and 15-25g of Poria cocos. 80-120g of wild quadrangle hulls of water chestnuts can be additionally added into the raw materials in parts by weight. 5-10g of white ginseng can be additionally added. The traditional Chinese medicine provided by the invention has the effect of adjusting dysfunction of qi and blood, namely anticancer effect, and meanwhile has the functions of sterilizing and diminishing inflammation, resisting viruses, relieving pains, improving the immunity and the like. The full remission rate of patients in initial period reaches over 85%, and the full remission rate of relapsed patients is 80% and the cure rate is over 75%. The traditional Chinese medicine provided by the invention taken is quick in effect (effective within 30 days), wide in treatment range (treatment of various diseases), low in cost (100-500 yuan/month) and high in cure rate (over 75%).