anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Human studies have shown that immunization by the bite PfSPZ-infected mosquitoes under drug coverage with chloroquine, an approach called chemoprophylaxis with sporozoites (CPS), infection treatment vaccination (ITV), or chemoprophylaxis vaccination (CVac) can provide high level, long term protection against homologous controlled human malaria infection (CHMI). The Sanaria PfSPZ-CVac approach duplicates this with an injectable sporozoite (SPZ) regimen (aseptic, purified, cryopreserved SPZ). In both approaches, whether mosquitoes or a syringe are used for SPZ administration, when chloroquine is used as the chemoprophylactic agent, transient, limited, asexual erythrocytic stage (AES) parasitemia develops. However, exposure to liver stage parasites only, without having any parasites completing liver stage development and entering the blood, thereby reducing the potential to induce blood stage immunity, likewise has been shown in animal studies to induce protective immunity upon subsequent challenge with homologous parasites, indicating that the transient parasitemia is not integral to inducing protection. To achieve this requires a different partner drug regimen that includes activity against liver stage parasites.

Our approach, using PfSPZ-CVac with pyrimethamine (PYR), will assess this in humans. This phase 1 study will investigate the safety, tolerability, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy following liver stage only parasite exposure of direct venous inoculation (DVI) with aseptic, purified, cryopreserved Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) sporozoites (Sanaria PfSPZ Challenge), under chloroquine and pyrimethamine chemoprophylaxis, to induce stage specific sterile protection. By adding pyrimethamine chemoprophylaxis to chloroquine, liver stages will develop but should be killed before merozoites are released into the blood stream. The subjects will thus be exposed only to liver stage parasites (qPCR and blood smear negative). With this strategy, we will determine if protective immunity can develop without exposure to AES parasites and additionally whether it will minimize clinical symptoms associated with blood stage exposure. The timing of the pyrimethamine dose is critical to ensure the efficacy of pyrimethamine as causal prophylaxis, yet still allow for maximal antigenic exposure of liver-stage parasites to the host. An additional potential benefit of preventing AES parasitemia is the elimination of the immunosuppression associated with AES parasitemia.

This trial will be the first step in establishing a new regimen for the PfSPZ-CVac approach, exposure to liver stage parasites without subsequent blood stage parasites, assessing protection against homologous CHMI. In future trials, the two-drug regimen can be assessed for protection against heterologous Pf infection and longevity of protection. The results of the study will contribute to understanding the targets and mechanisms of immunity against Pf malaria infection.
Ductular reactive (DR) cells exacerbate cholestatic liver injury and fibrosis. Herein, we posit that tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) emanates from recruited macrophages and restrains DR cell expansion, thereby limiting cholestatic liver injury. Wild type (WT), Trailfl/fl and myeloid-specific Trail deleted (TrailΔmye) C57BL/6 mice were exposed to DDC diet-induced cholestatic liver injury, which induced hepatomegaly and liver injury as compared to control diet-fed mice. However, parameters of liver injury, fibrosis, and inflammation were all increased in the TrailΔmye mice as compared to the WT and Trailfl/fl mice. High dimensional mass cytometry indicated that cholestasis resulted in increased hepatic recruitment of subsets of macrophages and neutrophils in the TrailΔmye mice. Spatial transcriptomics analysis revealed that the PanCK+ cholangiocytes from TrailΔmye mice had increased expression of the known myeloid attractants S100a8, Cxcl5, Cx3cl1, and Cxcl1. Additionally, in situ hybridization of Cxcl1, a potent neutrophil chemoattractant, demonstrated an increased expression in CK19+ cholangiocytes of TrailΔmye mice. Collectively, these data suggest that TRAIL from myeloid cells, particularly macrophages, restrains a subset of DR cells (i.e., Cxcl1 positive cells), limiting liver inflammation and fibrosis. Reprogramming macrophages to express TRAIL may be salutary in cholestasis.
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the impact of lymphopenia on critical COVID-19 patient outcomes.
METHODS: We conducted a multicenter prospective cohort study across five hospitals in Portugal and Brazil from 2020 to 2021. The study included adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Patients were categorized into two groups based on their lymphocyte counts within 48 hours of intensive care unit admission: the Lymphopenia Group (lymphocyte serum count < 1 × 109/L) and the Nonlymphopenia Group. Multivariate logistic regression, propensity score matching, Kaplan‒Meier survival curve analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis were used.
RESULTS: A total of 912 patients were enrolled, with 191 (20.9%) in the Nonlymphopenia Group and 721 (79.1%) in the Lymphopenia Group. Lymphopenia patients displayed significantly elevated disease severity indices, including Sequential Organ Failure Assessment and Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 scores, at intensive care unit admission (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Additionally, they presented heightened requirements for vasopressor support (p = 0.045) and prolonged intensive care unit and in-hospital stays (both p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis after propensity score matching revealed a significant contribution of lymphopenia to mortality, with an odds ratio of 1,621 (95%CI: 1,275 - 2,048; p < 0.001). Interaction models revealed an increase of 8% in mortality for each decade of longevity in patients with concomitant lymphopenia. In the subanalysis utilizing three-group stratification, the Severe Lymphopenia Group had the highest mortality rate, not only in direct comparisons but also in Kaplan‒Meier survival analysis (log-rank test p = 0.0048).
CONCLUSION: Lymphopenia in COVID-19 patients is associated with increased disease severity and an increased risk of mortality, underscoring the need for prompt support for critically ill high-risk patients. These findings offer important insights into improving patient care strategies for COVID-19 patients.
It is estimated that approximately 25 million people are living as cancer survivors worldwide. The cancer survivors are those individuals who live beyond a cancer diagnosis and its therapy. Within the existing health care system, the cancer care models are largely focused on diagnostic methods, treatment aspects, cure, and disease failure and survival rates. There is very little research and intervention approaches for the after-effects of cancer diagnosis and treatments for an individual cancer patient. Cancer survivors are at increased risk of developing various physical and psychosocial conditions, which require to be identified and attended within the cancer care system. In the developing countries like India, the cancer cure rates are improving due to improvements in comprehensive diagnostic and treatment strategies. Cancer survivorship research will be valuable to enhance our understanding and care approaches to these vulnerable individuals in our society. There is lack of evaluation tools which can completely fit to assess all issues such as physical, social, financial, mental aspects of a cancer survivor.

Hence the investigators of this observational study have prepared an empirical cancer survivorship questionnaire (CSQ) which will document the patient's disease and treatment details and obtain subjective responses from the patient(and/or family care giver) related to the physical, functional, social, economic and mental aspects of daily living of a cancer survivor. In order to assess the mental status of the survivors, the investigators have also included the widely used and internationally accepted MINI (Mini-international neuropsychiatry interview) version along with the CSQ in this survey. Researchers and clinicians working in non-profit and academic setting such as this institution are allowed to make copies of this MINI questionnaire for the purpose of clinical and research use. For the present study, MINI version is suitably modified to exclude the items which are already in the CSQ, and certain items are reframed for the socio-cultural requirement. Both the CSQ (45 items) and MINI-modified (13 items) will be applied simultaneously in this survey as a direct face to face response documentation from the patient (cancer survivor), along with his/her family member. Patients will be chosen for this cross-sectional survey during the follow-up visit to a cancer clinic of this hospital, at least 3 months after the completion of cancer diagnosis and therapy. Each participant is expected to complete the survey at the first encounter, however, a provision is made to report any missing information at later visit.

An interim analysis will be carried out after the survey of first 50 patients to observe the trends in the findings. However, this will not impact the further accrual, except for making some changes in the survey parameters if at all needed.
All guidelines worldwide strongly recommend exercise as a pillar in the management of patients affected by lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD). Exercise therapy in this setting presents different modalities, and a structured programme provides optimal results. This clinical consensus paper is intended to promote and assist the set up of comprehensive exercise programmes and best advice for patients with symptomatic chronic PAD. Different exercise training protocols specific for patients with PAD are presented. Data on patient assessment and outcome measures are described based on the current best evidence. The document ends by highlighting supervised exercise programme access disparities across Europe and the evidence gaps requiring further research.
1. A method for altering the humoral immune response in an animal comprising the step of administering a pharmaceutical composition which comprises a therapeutically effective amount of a LT-β-R blocking agent. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the LT-β-R blocking agent is selected from the group consisting of soluble lymphotoxin-β receptor, an antibody directed against LT-β receptor, and an antibody directed against surface LT ligand. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the animal is a mammal. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the mammal is a human. 5. The method according to claim 2, wherein the LT-β-R blocking agent comprises a soluble lymphotoxin-β receptor having a ligand binding domain that can selectively bind to a surface LT ligand. 6. The method according.to claim 5, wherein the soluble lymphotoxin-β receptor comprises a human immunoglobulin Fc domain. 7. The method according to claim 2, wherein the LT-β-R blocking agent comprises a monoclonal antibody directed against LT-β receptor. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the composition is administered in an amount sufficient 10 coat LT-β receptor-positive cells for about 1 to about 14 days. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the LT-β-R blocking agent comprises and-human LT-β-R mAb BDA8. 10. The method according to claim 2, wherein the LT-β-R blocking agent comprises a monoclonal antibody directed against surface LT ligand. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the composition is administered in an amount sufficient to coat surface LT Uganda-positive cells for 1 to 14 days. 12. The method according to claim 10, wherein the antibody is directed against a subunit of the LT ligand. 13. The method according to claim 10, wherein the LT-β-R blocking agent comprises anti-human mAb B9. 14. The method according to claim 10, wherein the LT-β-R blocking agent comprises a monoclonal antibody directed against a muhne surface LT ligand. 15. The method of claim 1 further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or adjuvant. 16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the humoral immune response is inhibited. 17. The method of claim 1 wherein said patient is infected with human immunodeficiency virus. 18. The method of claim 17 further comprising the co-administration of an additional anti-viral agent.
Eccentric viewing is the use of a retinal locus other than the anatomical fovea for fixation in cases when there is central vision loss. This other area (or areas) is called the preferred retinal locus (PRL). In eccentric viewing the patient is aware that they are "looking to the side" or "using their side vision". Most patients with a dense central scotoma will develop eccentric viewing naturally over time. It is thought, however, that, in many cases the naturally developed PRL is not in the ideal position. The four components of eccentric viewing that will be taught are: 1) The optimal direction for eccentric viewing 2) Using large objects to teach eccentric viewing 3) Repetitive practicing of the technique and 4) Maintaining the eye in the eccentric viewing position.
PCI and CABG are two well-established revascularization approaches to treatment of chronic angina caused by coronary atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, 35-42% of patients report recurring or persisting anginal symptoms after coronary revascularization. This can be attributed to many structural and functional causes, prominent amongst which is pre-revascularization angina severity, unrevascularized coronary territory, progression of native or bypass graft atherosclerosis, restenosis (re-narrowing of the vessels) and accompanying adjunctive pharmacotherapy.

The SYNTAX score is an angiographic tool for grading the complexity of coronary disease. It is the sum of points assigned to coronary lesions within one of the 16 segments of the coronary tree. The segments are given a 1,2, or 5 based on the disease presence as defined by the American Heart Association classification. The SYNTAX score has been used to help predict the outcomes of patients undergoing PCI with 3-vessel involvement (e.g. a triple bypass or 3-stent placement PCI). Those patients with the highest scores had the highest risk of a poor outcome with PCI revascularization compared to CABG. Despite these observations, the impact of CAD severity on post-revascularization angina, using the SYNTAX has never been systematically addressed in the current era.
PURPOSE:To obtain a hypoglycemic oral medicine, containing an aqueous extract of a fruit of a plant belonging to the genus Trichosanthes, having mild actions thereof and safe without any problems of side effects even by administering a large dose thereof or further an aqueous extract of the pericarp of Citrullus lanatus Matsum. et Nakai and/or the pericarp of Benincasa hispida Cogn. in combination. CONSTITUTION:This hypoglycemic oral medicine contains an aqueous extract obtained by extracting a fruit of a plant belonging to the genus Trichosanthes (which may contain both sarcocarp and pericarp or further a seed without any difficulty) with hot water or further an aqueous extract prepared by adding the pericarp of Citrullus lanatus Matsum. et Nakai and/or the pericarp of Benincasa hispida Cogn. thereto and extracting the pericarps with hot water in combination. In combined use thereof, the aqueous extract from the pericarp of the Citrullus lanatus Matsum. et Nakai and/or the pericarp of the Benincasa hispida Cogn. is preferably used in an amount of 0.4-10 pts.wt. expressed in terms of dry weight based on 1 pt.wt. aqueous extract from the fruit of the plant belonging to the genus Trichosanthes.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop a mutagenicity inhibitor for effectively controlling or preventing mutagenicity by a mutagenic substance and to obtain a composition in a state for industrial effective use.  <P>SOLUTION: The mutagenicity inhibitor such as N-nitrosodimethylamine, 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole, etc., comprises an extract obtained by extracting fruit body of Agaricus blazei with a hydrophilic solvent, preferably a water-containing alcohol-soluble fraction of hot water extract of fruit body of Agaricus blazei, more preferably a combination of the extract and a plant such as kale, broccoli, Japanese radish, etc., as an active ingredient. The food and beverage comprise the mutagenicity inhibitor. The feed comprises the mutagenicity inhibitor. The medicine comprises the mutagenicity inhibitor.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition, which is irreversible if diagnosis and intervention are delayed. The response of the immune cells towards an infection triggers widespread inflammation through the production of cytokines, which may result in multiple organ dysfunction and eventual death. Conventional detection techniques fail to provide a rapid diagnosis because of their limited sensitivity and tedious protocol. This study proposes a point-of-care (POC) electrochemical biosensor that overcomes the limitations of current biosensing technologies in the clinical setting by its integration with electrokinetics, enhancing the sensitivity to picogram level compared with the nanogram limit of current diagnostic technologies. This biosensor promotes the use of a microelectrode strip to address the limitations of conventional photolithographic fabrication methods. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and microRNA-155 (miR-155) were monitored in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic mouse model. The optimum target hybridization time in a high conductivity medium was observed to be 60 s leading to the completion of the whole operation within 5 min compared with the 4-h detection time of the traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The limit of detection (LOD) was calculated to be 0.84, 0.18, and 0.0014 pg mL-1, respectively. This novel sensor may have potential for the early diagnosis of sepsis in the clinical setting.
Patients will begin by wear a virtual reality headset (GAMIDA®) and headphones (Bose®). A tablet (Samsung®) equipped with "Healthy Mind" software will allow patients to live a 360° visual and auditory 3D experience via Bluetooth connection. After that patients will be handed a smartphone with the Spotify® application to listen to music. Patients will wear headphones.
This study will have one cohort. This group of patients will undergo 3D scanning with a smartphone, and will also have standard of care diagnostics, such as an X-ray.
This project will use the multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) approach to test the efficacy of an autonomy supportive behavioral intervention to improve metabolic control among older adolescents and emerging adults (16-25) with T1D. Youth this age demonstrate chronic poor metabolic control that persists into adulthood leading to the premature emergence of short- and long-term diabetes complications. Developmentally, adolescence and emerging adulthood is a time when the need for independence and autonomy are particularly salient. This new intervention will leverage youths' desire for autonomy by designing an intervention to support diabetes self-management autonomy. This intervention is guided by self-determination theory (SDT) which suggests that autonomous (i.e., self-initiated, driven by intrinsic versus extrinsic motivation) diabetes management depends upon three conditions: 1) the perception that one's behavior is self-directed, 2) feelings of competence, or self-efficacy, and 3) the existence of caring relationships supportive of the behavior. The investigators have identified three intervention components that target the SDT constructs. A question prompt list (QPL) is a simple, inexpensive tool comprised of a list of questions that patients might consider asking their health care provider during a clinic visit. QPLs empower patients to assume a more active role (asking questions and stating concerns) during clinic visits. The Motivation Enhancing System (MES) is an eHealth intervention to increase intrinsic motivation for health behavior change. MES content is based on the Motivational Interviewing (MI) framework and the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model of health behavior change which posits that behavior change results from the joint function of three critical components: accurate information about risk behaviors or their replacement health behaviors, motivation to change behavior, and behavioral skills necessary to perform the behavior (self-efficacy). Text message reminders (TXT) are a strategy to encourage youth to complete their diabetes self-care that also lead to gains in self-efficacy and a stronger relationship with diabetes care providers through greater communication and satisfaction. The investigators will test the efficacy of these intervention components toward improving metabolic control in a component selection experiment (N=320). The experiment will use a full factorial research design with random assignment to determine which intervention components contribute to a clinically significant improvement (≥0.5%) in HbA1c. The result of this research will be an optimized, multi-component intervention with effect size estimates that will be used to inform a large scale, fully powered effectiveness trial. This theory-driven intervention will be scalable to a variety of chronic illness contexts and the knowledge gained from this research will inform self-determination theory and behavioral interventions targeting this population (for which there currently are none).
Difficulty in swallowing is a concerning symptom after radiation treatment for some types of head and neck cancers. Swallowing becomes difficult when radiation damage induces inflammation (with swelling and pain) in the inner covering tissues of the throat and muscles that involve in the swallowing process. Currently, supportive measures are used to manage this symptom while waiting for the tissue damages to heal. In some patients, the inflamed muscles develop scar tissues causing long-term swallowing difficulty and narrowing of the swallowing passage. Needle acupuncture may help to reduce tissue inflammation and may lessen the severity of swallowing difficulty. However, needle puncture is often not desired by patients. Acupuncture-like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (ALTENS) is like acupuncture treatment, but the acupuncture points are stimulated with mild electrical stimulation without needles, simplifying treatment delivery. This study is to examine if a pre-selected set of acupuncture points treated using ALTENS can reduce swallowing difficulty. There will be a total of 12 treatments given over 6 to 8 weeks. Changes in severity of swallowing difficult after treatment will be assessed using 2 subjective assessment tools.