anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This project will examine specific factors in breast milk that may impact infant's gut microbiome development, and thereby impact their adiposity and weight gain in early life. An important early-life experience that could meaningfully impact the development of the gut microbiome, as well as future obesity risk, is breastfeeding. Breast milk has been shown to contain certain macronutrients (human milk oligosaccharides; HMOs) that not only vary greatly among women, but recent studies suggest that these factors are significant predictors of infant weight gain and adiposity. Examining early onset obesity during infancy is important because accelerated weight gain and adiposity in the first few years of life are major predictors for later obesity, and because neuronal, metabolic, and gut microbiome systems are especially vulnerable by programming from nutritional and maternal factors during this stage of life.

This study will be conducted in Los Angeles. The investigators will recruit two-hundred-and-forty mother-infant pairs. Mothers and infants will be monitored during the first 36 months of life, with sampling of breast milk (while the mother is still breast feeding) and infant and maternal stool at 1, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of age (or as close as possible to each month). Only an infant stool sample will be collected at 36 months of age. The main outcomes of this study will be infant body weight-for-length growth during this period, as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), which will be measured by skin-fold thickness using a caliber, height, weight, and waist circumference measurements at 1, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months of infant age (or as close as possible to each month). The investigators will also assess maternal and infant diet using 24-hour recalls, and maternal feeding style and infant eating behaviors using questionnaires.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Epidural infiltrations are used for treatment of low back pain and sciatica. Linked to lumbar radiculopathy (lumbosacral radicular syndrome). This study evaluates the efficacy of epidural infiltration by different routes to reduce pain intensity, disability and return to work.
METHODS: Is a prospective observational study in one hundred consecutive patients sent to pain unit for severe lumbo-sacral radiculopaty. We analyze the efficacy on pain relief (Visual Analogue Scale) and funcional status at two weeks, one month, and three months after epidural injection of local anesthetics and esteroids with differents approachs (interlaminar, caudal and transforaminal).
RESULTS: Ninety nine patients (46.5% men, 53.5 women) were finally enrrolled in the study. Mean age was 57.47 ± 11.1 years. The caudal approach was used in 58.6% patients, 23.2% transforaminal approach, and 18.2% interlaminar approach. A significant pain relief was found in all times studied (EAV 7.48 ± 1.5 basal; 6.2 ± 0,9 at 15 days; 6.3 ± 1.2 at one month; 6.15 ± 1.3 at 3 months, p < 0.05). Transforaminal approach was superior to caudal or interlaminal. Seventy percent in time off work patients returned to work after epidural inyections.
CONCLUSIONS: Epidural local anesthetics with esteroids injections for lumbo-sacral radiculopathy were effective for low back pain, improved functional status and promoted return to work. Transforaminal approach is superior to others.
AIM: This qualitative systematic review aimed to synthesise existing qualitative research on HCPs' perceptions and experiences of obesity and its management in primary care settings.
BACKGROUND: Healthcare professionals (HCPs), particularly those in primary care, play a key role in policy implementation around weight management. Overweight and obese individuals are subject to weight stigma which has negative health consequences and reduces the likelihood of healthcare service usage. An understanding of HCPs' perceptions of obesity and weight management in primary care is necessary for the development and delivery of effective initiatives.
METHODS: A search strategy developed using the SPIDER framework was applied to Medline and CINAHL databases. Inclusion criteria were applied, and quality assessment was undertaken using the CASP framework. Fifteen papers meeting the inclusion criteria were analysed thematically.
FINDINGS: Four themes were identified: conflicting discourses surrounding obesity, medicalisation of obesity, organisational factors, and lack of patient knowledge and motivation. Conflicting discourses around obesity refers to the differing views of HCPs regarding what it means to have and treat obesity. Medicalisation of obesity considers whether obesity should be treated as a medical condition. Organisational factors were identified as knowledge, resources and time that affected HCPs' ability to provide care to overweight or obese. Finally, the review discovered that patients required their own knowledge and motivation to lose weight. This review has highlighted the need to provide safe, non-judgemental spaces for HCPs and patients to discuss weight and weight loss. This is essential to the therapeutic relationship and the provision of effective obesity management.
Considering polygenic risk scores (PRSs) in individual risk prediction is increasingly implemented in genetic testing for hereditary breast cancer (BC) based on next-generation sequencing (NGS). To calculate individual BC risks, the Breast and Ovarian Analysis of Disease Incidence and Carrier Estimation Algorithm (BOADICEA) with the inclusion of the BCAC 313 or the BRIDGES 306 BC PRS is commonly used. The PRS calculation depends on accurately reproducing the variant allele frequencies (AFs) and, consequently, the distribution of PRS values anticipated by the algorithm. Here, the 324 loci of the BCAC 313 and the BRIDGES 306 BC PRS were examined in population-specific database gnomAD and in real-world data sets of five centers of the German Consortium for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (GC-HBOC), to determine whether these expected AFs can be reproduced by NGS-based genotyping. Four PRS loci were non-existent in gnomAD v3.1.2 non-Finnish Europeans, further 24 loci showed noticeably deviating AFs. In real-world data, between 11 and 23 loci were reported with noticeably deviating AFs, and were shown to have effects on final risk prediction. Deviations depended on the sequencing approach, variant caller and calling mode (forced versus unforced) employed. Therefore, this study demonstrates the necessity to apply quality assurance not only in terms of sequencing coverage but also observed AFs in a sufficiently large cohort, when implementing PRSs in a routine diagnostic setting. Furthermore, future PRS design should be guided by the technical reproducibility of expected AFs across commonly used genotyping methods, especially NGS, in addition to the observed effect sizes.
INTRODUCTION: This study evaluates the gait analysis obtained by Inetial Measurement Units (IMU) before and after surgical management of Spastic Equino Varus Foot (SEVF) in hemiplegic post-stroke patients and to compare it with the functional results obtained in a monocentric prospective cohort.
METHODS: Patients with post-stroke SEVF, who underwent surgery in a single hospital between November 2019 and December 2021 were included. The follow-up duration was 6 months and included a functional analysis using Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) and a Gait analysis using an innovative Multidimensional Gait Evaluation using IMU: the semiogram.
RESULTS: 20 patients had a gait analysis preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively. 90% (18/20) patients had a functional improvement (GAS T score ≥ 50) and 50% (10/20) had an improvement in walking technique as evidenced by the cessation of the use of a walking aid (WA). In patients with functional improvement and modification of WA the change in the semiogram area was + 9.5%, sd = 27.5%, and it was + 15.4%, sd = 28%. In the group with functional improvement without change of WA. For the 3 experiences (two patients) with unfavorable results, the area under the curve changed by + 2.3%, -10.2% and - 9.5%. The measurement of the semiogram area weighted by average speed demonstrated very good reproducibility (ICC(1, 3) = 0.80).
DISCUSSION: IMUs appear to be a promising solution for the assessment of post-stroke hemiplegic patients who have undergone SEVF surgery. They can provide a quantified, objective, reliable in individual longitudinal follow up automated gait analysis solution for routine clinical use. Combined with a functional scale such as the GAS, they can provide a global analysis of the effect of surgery.
NEW MATERIAL:An ester of a compound expressed by formula I (R1 and R2 are 1-6C alkyl or H, prodided that they do not represent H at the same time; M is H, alkali metal or 1/2 alkaline earth metal) or salt thereof with a fatty acid. EXAMPLE:Calcium 2,4-diacetyl-pantetheine-S-sulfonate. USE:Useful as a medicine, cosmetic, food and drink, etc. PREPARATION:Pantethine-S-sulfonic acid or and a salt thereof are subjected to ordinary acylation reaction to give the aimed compound expressed by formula I. For example, pantetheine-S-sulfonic acid and salt thereof are preferably dissolved in a solvent having deacidifying effect, e.g. pyridine, and reacted with a fatty acid halide. The compound expressed by formula I can be formulated into either one of water-soluble and fat-soluble pharmaceuticals and is an epoch- making compound.
A kit is provided including a container and a composition disposed in an interior of the container. The composition includes salt, a flavoring agent, and a sweetening agent. The salt is provided wherein when a liquid is added to the composition, the concentration of the salt is from about 0.5% to about 7% by weight. When the liquid is added to the composition, the concentration of the flavoring agent is from about 0.01% to about 1.0% by weight, and the concentration of the sweetening agent is from about 0.001% to about 1.0% by weight. The composition may further include a coloring agent in a concentration from about 0.001% to 1.0% by weight, and a preservative in a concentration from about 0.01% to 2.0% by weight. The composition is provided in a microwave-safe, multi-dose container.
Participants will begin the study by a period using FunSpeech (45 days) followed by a control period without the game (45 days). This sequence will be repeated once.
Diminished cholinergic function has long been implicated in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer type dementia. Studies in animal models of this disorder as well as in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) suggest that drugs capable of activating central cholinergic transmission can improve cognitive function. Nevertheless, no currently available drug of this or any other type consistently confers clinically significant benefit. To further evaluate the cholinergic hypothesis for symptom palliation with a mechanistically novel pharmacologic tool, the acute safety and antidementia efficacy of nefiracetam will be studied using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel groups design. In contrast to the currently available cholinesterase inhibitors, nefiracetam enhances the activity of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by interacting with a protein kinase C pathway and accelerates acetylcholine turnover and release. Efficacy in patients with mild to moderate dementia will be assessed through application of standardized neuropsychological test instruments in this first double-blind, randomized controlled trial of nefiracetam in AD. Safety will be monitored by means of frequent clinical evaluations and laboratory tests.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a method for obtaining the subject microspheres having an excellent sustained release property by adding a specific protecting agent to the solution of a protein used as a physiologically active substance or an antigen used for vaccines, and further using a polymer capable of being orally administered or injected. SOLUTION: This method for producing the protein sustained release microspheres comprises preliminarily adding gelatin to a protein-containing solution, mixing and emulsifying the mixture with an organic solvent containing a biodegradable polymer, reemulsifying the emulsion in an aqueous phase containing a dispersant, and subsequently recovering the produced microspheres. The gelatin is desirably added to the protein solution in a concentration of >=4%. The addition of the gelatin to the preparation of the protein-containing microspheres in this method enables to encapsule the protein in the micropheres without denaturalizing or inactivating the protein with the organic solvent. When the microspheres are prepared at a freezing temperature, the protecting effect on the protein from the organic solvent is further improved.  In addition to the above method, a method wherein the gelatin is added to the dispersant-containing aqueous phase (outer aqueous phase) at room temperature may be performed.
OBJECTIVE: Hysterectomy has been the historical gold standard final step in the treatment algorithm of adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) recommended by most North American colposcopy guidelines. AIS disproportionately affects young childbearing age women, therefore a fertility sparing treatment option is desirable. Our study examines the impact of conservative treatment of AIS with conization followed by serial surveillance.
METHODS: A retrospective chart review was completed of patients treated for AIS from 2006 to 2020. Charts were identified by pathologic diagnosis of AIS on cervical and uterine specimens. Charts were excluded if AIS was not treated with conization, if AIS was not confirmed on initial conization specimen, or if invasive disease was found at initial conization.
RESULTS: 121 patient charts were analyzed. Median age of patients at first conization and hysterectomy was 34.8 and 40.9, respectively. First conization was by Cold Knife Cone in 58% of patients, and by Loop Electrosurgical Excisional Procedure in 42% of patients. Median follow-up period in our study was 609 days. 5% of patients had recurrence, with only one patient who recurred as cancer. One case of recurrence had a positive initial conization margin. Median time to recurrence was 700 days. 47% of patients underwent eventual hysterectomy. Residual AIS was found in 23% of hysterectomy specimens. Adenocarcinoma was diagnosed on hysterectomy specimen in four patients.
CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates the oncologic safety of treating AIS with conization and serial surveillance. Routine hysterectomy completed as a part of the AIS treatment algorithm, as in current clinical guidelines, is unnecessary.
Male fertility and metabolic disorders, including obesity and diabetes, are closely connected. Since hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome are strongly related, male fertility and hyperuricemia may, to some degree, be associated. According to recent studies, hyperuricemia imposes various effects on sex hormones, semen quality, and male erectile dysfunction. Some researchers claim that uric acid worsens male semen and raises the risk of erectile dysfunction (ED), while others state that it safeguards both penile erection and male semen. Additionally, it has been shown that gout and metabolic syndrome also raise the risk of ED. To clarify this controversy, the influence and potential mechanisms of hyperuricemia on ED, semen quality, sex hormone levels, and the effects of hyperuricemia-related disorders on ED will be comprehensively summarized.
PURPOSE:To provide a cosmetic having excellent luster and film-forming property and containing a water-based composite polymer emulsion containing emulsion-constituting polymer particles composed of at least two layers, wherein the polymer of the outermost layer has lower softening point than the polymer of the inner layer. CONSTITUTION:A water-based composite polymer emulsion composed of polymer particles having an outer layer composed of a water-based vinyl resin (A) and an inner layer composed of a polymer of a monomer (B) having a double bond is produced by polymerizing the monomer (B) in the presence of the vinyl resin (A). The objective cosmetic having excellent water-resistance, e.g. hair cosmetic or skin cosmetic contains 1-60wt.% of the above polymer emulsion in terms of solid component. The resin (A) is produced by adding water to an organic solvent solution of a copolymer of 0.5-15wt.% of a monomer having a salt- forming group and a double bond (e.g. acrylic acid) and 85-99.5wt.% of a monomer having a double bond (e.g. methyl acrylate) and distilling off the organic solvent.
The present invention provides a system and method for providing food information by using the internet. According to the present invention, consumers who buy food may more easily and accurately obtain food information including information on nutrients and ingredients, and food suppliers may continuously provide updated information on food and also promote food to the consumers. Thus, the present invention may benefit both the food consumers and the food suppliers. The system for providing food information by using the internet according to the present invention includes: a food consumer terminal that inputs information on food to be searched; and a food information management server that receives information on food input from the food consumer terminal, shows a food information list on a screen and manages the registration of the food information list. On the other hand, the system further includes a food supplier terminal that transmits typical food information or new forms of food information to the food information management server. Also, the food information management server includes a food information management unit managing food information, and a food information searching unit searching for a food information list by using input food information. In addition, the food information management server further includes a consumer information management unit that includes information on consumers including food consumers and food suppliers. Further, the food information management server also includes a payment information management unit that manages payment information including food purchase costs from the food information list.
An increased risk of lower limb amputations associated with canagliflozin, a component of INVOKAMET or INVOKAMET XR, versus placebo was observed in CANVAS (5.9 vs 2.8 events per 1,000 patient-years) and CANVAS-R (7.5 vs 4.2 events per 1,000 patient-years), two randomized, placebo-controlled trials evaluating patients with type 2 diabetes who had either established cardiovascular disease or were at risk for cardiovascular disease. The risk of lower limb amputations was observed at both the 100 mg and 300 mg once daily dosage regimens. The amputation data for CANVAS and CANVAS-R are shown in Tables 4 and 5, respectively [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)] . 

Amputations of the toe and midfoot (99 out of 140 patients with amputations receiving canagliflozin in the two trials) were the most frequent; however, amputations involving the leg, below and above the knee, were also observed (41 out of 140 patients with amputations receiving canagliflozin in the two trials). Some patients had multiple amputations, some involving both lower limbs.

Lower limb infections, gangrene, and diabetic foot ulcers were the most common precipitating medical events leading to the need for an amputation. The risk of amputation was highest in patients with a baseline history of prior amputation, peripheral vascular disease, and neuropathy.

Counsel patients about the importance of routine preventative foot care. Monitor patients receiving INVOKAMET or INVOKAMET XR for signs and symptoms of infection (including osteomyelitis), new pain or tenderness, sores or ulcers involving the lower limbs, and discontinue INVOKAMET or INVOKAMET XR if these complications occur.
The i4i PRODICT™ study aims to recruit 1000 people with a prostate (PwP\*) aged 40-55 years old, divided into three ethnic backgrounds: (i) Black African and Black African-Caribbean, (ii) South Asian or East Asian or (iii) White European ancestry. These ethnic backgrounds are defined as having all 4 grandparents of the same ancestry. \*People with a prostate is defined as people born with male reproductive organs. We believe this will provide us with data that are reproducible and implementable within the UK population as well as enrich recruitment from underserved non-White European communities in order to evaluate this approach within a future potential national screening programme.

Recruitment will take place via collaborating General Practice (GP) surgeries. Participants will be contacted via a letter from their GP and if interested in the study, they will be asked to complete an eligibility questionnaire and sign a consent form. Eligible participants will be sent a DNA collection saliva kit. DNA will be extracted from saliva and analysed using the i4i PRODICT™ test. Those participants identified at higher genetic risk (corresponding to the top 20% of the White European cohort, top 50% of the Black African/ African-Caribbean cohort and top 10% of the Asian cohort (approximately 250 individuals in total) or those identified as having a rare variant (estimated to be 1 in 20 people - i.e. 50 individuals) will be invited for PrCa screening annually for 3 years. PrCa screening will mirror the primary care pathway: those in the high-risk group will be offered a PSA test and managed according to age-appropriate PSA thresholds. Where indicated onward referral for prostate MRI, and prostate biopsy will follow as per the NICE guidelines. For participants receiving a diagnosis of PrCa, they will be offered treatment at The Royal Marsden Hospital, or onward referral to their local cancer centre if preferred by the patient.
Patient-reported outcomes (PROs), such as health-related quality of life (HRQL), are important outcome measures for patients with chronic liver diseases (CLDs). Presence of cirrhosis and advanced liver disease have been associated with worsened HRQL and fatigue. On the other hand, some patients with earlier stages of CLD also experience fatigue, causing PRO impairment. Treatment for some CLDs may improve HRQL and, sometimes, levels of fatigue. We aimed to provide an in-depth expert review of concepts related to fatigue and HRQL in patients with primary biliary cholangitis, hepatitis C virus and MASLD (metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease). A panel of experts in fatigue and CLD reviewed and discussed the literature and collaborated to provide this expert review of fatigue in CLD. Herein, we review and report on the complexity of fatigue, highlighting that it is comprised of peripheral (neuromuscular failure, often in conjunction with submaximal cardiorespiratory function) and central (central nervous system dysfunction) causes. Fatigue and HRQL are measured using validated self-report instruments. Additionally, fatigue can be measured through objective tests (e.g. grip strength). Fatigue has deleterious effects on HRQL and one's ability to be physically active and socially engaged but does not always correlate with CLD severity. Treatments for hepatitis C virus and MASLD can improve levels of fatigue and HRQL, but current treatments for primary biliary cholangitis do not seem to affect levels of fatigue. We conclude that obtaining PRO data, including on HRQL and fatigue, is essential for determining the comprehensive burden of CLD and its potential treatments.