anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Respiratory muscle paralysis due to trauma or neurodegenerative diseases can have devastating consequences. Only a few studies have investigated the reconstruction of motor function in denervated diaphragms caused by such conditions. Here, we studied the efficacy of transplanting E14 embryonic spinal motor neurons (SMNs) into peripheral nerve grafts for functionally reconstructing a denervated diaphragm in a rat model. The diaphragms of 8-week-old male Fischer 344 rats were first denervated by transecting the phrenic nerves. Subsequently, peripheral nerve grafts taken from the lower limb were used for neurotization of the denervated diaphragms. One week later, fetal E14 SMNs were transplanted into the peripheral nerve grafts. After 3 months, we observed functional contraction of the diaphragm following neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) of the peripheral nerve graft. Additionally, we confirmed that SMN transplantation into the peripheral nerve graft had an inhibitory effect on diaphragm muscle atrophy. The SMNs transplanted into the peripheral nerve grafts formed a structure similar to the spinal cord, and the neuromuscular junction of the denervated diaphragm was reinnervated. These findings suggest the establishment of an ectopic motor neuron pool in the peripheral nerve graft. Free peripheral intra-nerve SMN transplantation in combination with NMES, which can be applied for diaphragmatic pacing, offers novel insights into the development of neuroregenerative therapies for treating life-threatening and intractable respiratory muscle paralysis caused by severe nerve damage and degenerative diseases.
The invention discloses a medicinal composition liquor or tincture for easing pain and reducing swelling and a preparation method thereof. The medicinal composition liquor or tincture is prepared by changing a dosage form on the basis of prescription of traditional Tibetan medicine Qingpeng ointment. The medicinal composition liquor or tincture provided by the invention has the advantages of rapid permeation, long effect-taking, obvious treatment effects and the like. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple, feasible and easy for industrialization. The medicinal liquor or tincture prepared by using the method provided by the invention is convenient to use, and patients can easily accept the medicinal liquor or tincture and can persist in treatment. Pharmacodynamic experiments show that the medicinal composition liquor or tincture provided by the invention has obvious effects of easing pain and reducing swelling.
This study is an real-world, multicenter, case control study about comparing pegylated liposomal doxorubicin Efficacy and safety of epirubicin in neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. As this trial is a retrospective real-world study, investigator have given patients the dose of trial drugs based on real-world principles of diagnosis and treatment and their clinical experience. This trial only collects and analyzes patients' clinical medications, and does not interfere with patients' real-world diagnosis and treatment. A total of 1050 breast cancer patients are collecting from seven centers. 200 cases in neoadjuvant and 850 cases in adjuvant group. The follow-up examinations and assessment of the subjects were followed by real-world medical treatment routines and the visits were completed according to the routine of treatment. Related check and assessments and collect the following data: follow-up 3years or until the disease recurs (whichever occurs first). Adverse events: remission or stability of adverse events caused by follow-up to treatment in the adjuvant treatment group, follow-up for 3 years or until recurrence of the disease in the neoadjuvant treatment group (whichever first occurred).
Cellular Therapy Treatment: The treatment will consist of \*\*20 participants (n=20) who will receive treatment with expanded mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The patient will undergo a surgical debridement procedure for the ulcer to be in its optimal condition (Visit 1). Subsequently, the patient will receive MSC application via perilesional injections and a biocovering produced by the study team, also containing the same cells (single session - the MSC-containing dressing will remain in contact with the ulcer for 7 days). After removal of the biological dressing, the ulcer will receive local care with a topical hydrogel dressing, dry gauze, and a crepe bandage, with a minimum of one change per day.
BACKGROUND: Genome wide association studies (GWAS) have allowed for a rapid increase in our understanding of the underlying genetics and biology of many diseases. By capitalizing on common genetic variation between individuals, GWAS can identify DNA variants associated with diseases of interest. A variety of statistical methods can be applied to GWAS results which allows for risk factor identification, stratification, and to identify potential treatments. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common vascular disease that has been shown to have a strong genetic component. This article provides a review of the modern literature and our current understanding of the role of genetics in PAD.
METHODS: All available GWAS studies on PAD were reviewed. A literature search involving these studies was conducted and relevant articles applying the available GWAS data were summarized to provide a comprehensive review of our current understanding of the genetic component in PAD.
RESULTS: The largest available GWAS on PAD has identified 19 genome wide significant loci, with factor V Leiden and genes responsible for circulating lipoproteins being implicated in the development of PAD. Mendelian randomization (MR) studies have identified risk factors and causal associations with smoking, diabetes, and obesity and many other traits; protein-based MR has also identified circulating lipid and clotting factor levels associated with the incidence of PAD. Polygenic risk scores may allow for improved prediction of disease incidence and allow for early identification of at-risk patients but more work needs to be done to validate this approach.
CONCLUSIONS: Genetic epidemiology has allowed for an increased understanding of PAD in the past decade. Genome-wide association studies have led to improved detection of genetic contributions to PAD, and further genetic analyses have validated risk factors and may provide options for improved screening in at-risk populations. Ongoing biobank studies of chronic limb threatening ischemia patients and the increasing ancestral diversity in biobank enrollment will allow for even further exploration into the pathogenesis and progression of PAD.
BACKGROUND: The cochlear sympathetic system plays a key role in auditory function and susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a well-documented process in NIHL. In this study, we aimed at investigating the effects of a superior cervical ganglionectomy (SCGx) on NIHL in Sprague-Dawley rats.
METHODS: We explored the effects of unilateral and bilateral Superior Cervical Ganglion (SCG) ablation in the eight-ten weeks old Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes on NIHL. Auditory function was evaluated by auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing and Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). Outer hair cells (OHCs) counts and the expression of α2A-adrenergic receptor (AR) in the rat cochlea using immunofluorescence analysis. Cells culture and treatment, CCK-8 assay, Flow cytometry staining and analysis, and western blotting were to explore the mechanisms of SCG fibers may have a protective role in NIHL.
RESULTS: We found that neither bilateral nor unilateral SCGx protected the cochlea against noise exposure. In HEI-OC1 cells, H2O2-induced oxidative damage and cell death were inhibited by the application of norepinephrine (NE). NE may prevent ROS-induced oxidative stress in OHCs and NIHL through the α2A-AR.
CONCLUSION: These results demonstrated that sympathetic innervation mildly affected cochlear susceptibility to acoustic trauma by reducing oxidative damage in OHCs through the α2A-AR. NE may be a potential therapeutic strategy for NIHL prevention.
The invention discloses a pharmaceutical composition for treating diaphyseal aclasis. The pharmaceutical composition is applied to the treatment of diaphyseal aclasis. The pharmaceutical composition is characterized by being prepared from the following raw pharmaceutical materials in proportioning ratio by weight: litchi chinensis Sonn., poncirus tuifoliata (L.) Raf., trachelospermum jasminoides (Lindl.) Lem., luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem., murraya jasminorage, polygonum orientale L., radix platycodi, radix puerariae, paris polyphylla Sm., diplazium lanceum (Thunb.) Presl, hordeum vulgare L. and setaria italica (L.) Beauv.. Proved by clinical trials, the pharmaceutical composition has the characteristics of good treatment effect and high safety in the adjuvant treatment of diaphyseal aclasis, so that the pharmaceutical composition is worthy of clinical application and popularization.
Recent epidemiological (survey) research, conducted in both in healthy populations and among those with existing chronic disease, shows that insufficient sleep can significantly contribute to ill health (including diabetes, heart disease and obesity). These findings have also been accompanied by credible explanatory mechanisms emphasising the role of sleep in regulating appetite, satiety, glucose and daytime stamina. Sleep extension, therefore, is a largely unexplored pathway for improving individual health, and reducing an existing risk of diabetes. If successful, increased sleep duration and quality could be adopted as an achievable public health intervention.

The study aims to recruit a total of 20 men, overweight, presenting traditional risks of developing diabetes, who are habitually short sleepers. Participants are then randomized, stratified by weight status, to a sleep extension group, or a control sleep monitoring group. Baseline measures include sleep actigraphy, continuous glucose monitoring, blood pressure, and a mixed-meal tolerance test; after the 6-week intervention, the same measures are repeated.
Children with chronic illnesses present unique health, psychosocial, and learning challenges. Due to the complexities surrounding their needs, these children and their families often encounter multilayered barriers when accessing educational services and health care management. Medical-family-school interprofessional interagency collaborations (IIC) are needed to facilitate information sharing across institutions, treatment alignment among care partners, and equitable and high-quality school-based service delivery. This article presents a novel hospital-based school consultative liaison service, the Educational Achievement Partnership Program (EAPP), which conducts IIC with the families, schools, hospitals, and community care partners of children with chronic illnesses. We explore disproportionalities in IIC services among low-income and racially/ethnically minoritized children and examine ways to increase IIC service access and utilization. Results demonstrate that systematic changes targeting in-person communication with families significantly increased minoritized and low-income children's EAPP participation. Despite this increase, differences occurred between minoritized and White children's utilization through all stages of EAPP service delivery. These results underscore the importance of ongoing IIC service evaluation to examine the effectiveness of implementation components. We discuss implications and highlight opportunities for similar medical-family-school IIC under a school psychologist-led medical liaison consultative approach. We conclude that IIC is best fostered through innovations in communication models, graduate training, practice, and research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
Myocardial infarction (MI) and osteoporotic fracture (Fx) are two of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Although these traumatic injuries are treated as if they are independent, there is epidemiological evidence linking the incidence of Fx and MI, thus raising the question of whether each of these events can actively influence the risk of the other. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis, the chronic conditions leading to MI and Fx, are known to have shared pathoetiology. Furthermore, sustained systemic inflammation after traumas such as MI and Fx has been shown to exacerbate both underlying chronic conditions. However, the effects of MI and Fx outside their own system have not been well studied. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the complement system initiate a systemic response after MI that could lead to subsequent changes in bone remodeling through osteoclasts. Similarly, SNS and complement system activation following fracture could lead to heart tissue damage and exacerbate atherosclerosis. To determine whether damaging bone-heart cross talk may be important comorbidity following Fx or MI, this review details the current understanding of bone loss after MI, cardiovascular damage after Fx, and possible shared underlying mechanisms of these processes.
Subdural effusion is a common complication following decompressive craniectomy for TBI (traumatic brain injury), with an overall incidence of 20%-50%. The clinical symptoms of subdural effusion are mainly related to the volume of effusion, and patients with a small volume of effusion may have no obvious symptoms. The flap bulge and tension of the decompression window can be seen on the same side of the decompressive craniectomy window. The specific clinical manifestations can include headache, dizziness, vomiting, epilepsy, hemiplegia, disturbance of consciousness, and other related symptoms. The degree of disturbance of consciousness changes, which can seriously affect the prognosis of patients. Drilling or puncture drainage is often used in patients with subdural effusion who fail to treat conservatively, but the drainage time has not been defined or recommended by guidelines. At present, short-term drainage is the main treatment, but there are problems such as difficulty completely absorbing the effusion or repeated recurrence. Long-term drainage can improve the absorption rate of effusion, but there is a risk of intracranial infection and other complications. Therefore, it is rarely used in clinical practice, and its clinical risks and benefits are not yet clear. Therefore, the investigators aimed to conduct a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term drainage and short-term drainage in the treatment of subdural effusion after decompressive craniectomy in patients with traumatic brain injury.
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a severe complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Surgery is a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of complete intestinal obstruction. However, complete intestinal obstruction in long-term PD results in high mortality and morbidity rates after surgery. Immunopathogenesis participates in EPS formation: CD8, Th1, and Th17 cell numbers increased during the formation of EPS. The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of melatonin may have beneficial effects on this EPS. In the present study, we determined that melatonin treatment significantly decreases the Th1 and Th17 cell populations in mice with EPS, decreases the production of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ, and increases the production of IL-10. The suppression of Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation by melatonin occurs through the inhibition of dendritic cell (DC) activation by affecting the initiation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in DCs. Our study suggests that melatonin has preventive potential against the formation of EPS in patients with PD.
The present invention relates to a medical external product containing Artemisia apiacea extract prepared from volatile oil extract from the overground part of Artemisia apiacea and organic solvent extract or carbon dioxide supercritical extract of the overground part of Artemisia apiacea in any weight proportion. The medicine or cosmetics is external medicament or skin-care cosmetics which are prepared from the Artemisia apiacea extract by auxiliary materials addition according to the conventional process or a special process and conform to preparation requirements. The external product comprises liniment, emulsion, gelling agent, cream, patch, membrane, cream, etc. The external preparation of the present invention has the advantages of no irritability to the skin, economy and practicality, has the efficacy of clearing away heat and toxic materials, eliminating furuncle and relieving pain and is capable of treating acne (whelk) and comedo. A pharmacological test proves that the external product has obvious inhibiting effect on the growth of bacteria relevant to acne generation. A clinic verifies that the external product also has the effect of antiphlogosis and desensitization and is capable of being used for skin health care of the face. The external product has the advantages of high treatment rate, good treatment effect, short treatment course, no irritability and no toxic or side effect and has wide application prospects.
BACKGROUND: Tranexamic acid (TXA) has gained increasing recognition as a valuable pharmacologic agent within plastic surgery. This study reviews the scientific evidence regarding the use of TXA in the full range of plastic and reconstructive surgery to provide clinical recommendations for safe and effective use in various plastic surgical procedures.
METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. An established appraisal process was used to rate the quality of articles (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology).
RESULTS: Forty-five studies describing the use of TXA in plastic surgery were included. There is moderate-certainty evidence to support the use of intravenous administration of TXA in craniofacial surgery procedures to reduce blood loss and transfusion requirements. There is high-certainty evidence to support the use of TXA in cosmetic surgery and intravenous administration in rhinoplasty procedures to reduce blood loss. Further high-level studies are needed to determine TXA's effects on hematoma rates in face-lift surgery and breast-related procedures. There is moderate-certainty evidence to support the use of TXA in burn care. Further studies are required to provide quantitative conclusions on the effects of TXA administration in microsurgery.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest study to date on the use of TXA in plastic surgery and the first to provide clinical recommendations. The literature highlights TXA's promising role in the fields of craniofacial surgery, cosmetic surgery, and burn care. Standardized, objective measurements are required to provide quantitative conclusions regarding TXA's effects on ecchymoses and edema in cosmetic surgery procedures.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to preparation with high antibacterial activity of broad spectrum of effect and can be used in obstetrics and gynecology. Preparation is made as a film of the following composition, wt. -%: polyvinyl alcohol, 60.0-70.0; glycerol, 20.0-30.0; carboxymethylcellulose, 2.0-4.0; cross-linking agent, 2.0-3.0; medicinal agent, 0.1-1.0; water, the balance up to 100%. Proposed preparation ensures to enhance an antibacterial activity due to the presence of carboxymethycellulose in its composition, enhance mechanical strength of film and retain its high elasticity due to the presence of cross-linking agent, enhance effectiveness of medicinal agent due to the composition of the preparation components. EFFECT: improved properties, enhanced effectiveness of preparation. 2 cl, 3 tbl
BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis and osteopenia are more frequent in patients who have received kidney transplants than in healthy individuals. Although osteoporosis and sarcopenia are closely related, only few studies have considered them in the post-transplantation period. We aimed to investigate the relationship between lower bone mineral density and skeletal muscle in kidney transplant recipients.
METHODS: We included 371 patients in the maintenance phase of kidney transplantation (> 6 months after transplantation) followed-up at our institution from January to December 2019. The primary endpoint was the association between bone mineral density and skeletal muscle mass index. As secondary endpoints, in addition to skeletal muscle mass index, we investigated other factors associated with low bone mineral density, including kidney function and 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration. Considering the possibility that factors affecting bone mineral density differ between men and women, we explored these factors separately for both sexes.
RESULTS: Of the 371 participants, 243 (65.4%) were men. The median age and time after transplantation were 52 and 14 years, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that age, female sex, time since transplantation, cystatin C-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcysC), 25(OH)D, and skeletal muscle mass index were associated with bone mineral density. Multivariate analysis showed associations of bone mineral density with eGFRcysC, 25(OH)D, and skeletal muscle mass index. Multivariate analysis by sex showed significant associations with eGFRcysC, hemoglobin, and skeletal muscle mass index in men and with age, eGFRcysC, albumin, and skeletal muscle mass index in women. Bone mineral density was not associated with history of dialysis prior to transplantation or time since transplantation.
CONCLUSIONS: In kidney transplant recipients, an independent association between lower bone mineral density and skeletal muscle mass index was observed in both sexes.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) volume assessment is an important part of patient management and is routinely obtained by non-contrast head CT (NCHCT) using the validated ABC/2 measurement method. Because conventional MRI imaging sequences demonstrate variability in ICH appearance, volumetric analyses for MRI bleed volume in a standardized manner using ABC/2 is not possible. The recently introduced multiecho-complex total field inversion quantitative susceptibility mapping (mcTFI QSM) MRI technique, which maps brain tissue susceptibility to both depict brain tissue structures and quantify tissue susceptibility, may provide a viable alternative. In this study we evaluated mcTFI QSM ABC/2 ICH volume assessment relative to NCHCT.
METHODS: Patients with ICH who had undergone NCHCT and MRI brain scans within 48 h were recruited for this retrospective study. The ABC/2 method was applied to estimate the bleed volume for both NCHCT and MRI by a CAQ-certified neuroradiologist with 10 years of experience and a trained laboratory assistant. Results were analyzed via Bland-Altman (B-A) and linear regression.
RESULTS: 54 patients (27 females) who had undergone NCHCT and MRI within 48 h (<24 h., n = 31, 24-48 h, n = 10) were enrolled. mcTFI QSM ICH volume measurement method showed a positive correlation (99.5%) compared to NCHCT. B-A plot comparing ABC/2 ICH volume on NCHCT and mcTFI MRI done for patients within 24 h demonstrates a bias of -0.09%.
CONCLUSIONS: ICH volume calculation using ABC/2 on mcTFI QSM showed a high correlation with NCHCT measurement. These results suggest mcTFI QSM is a promising MRI method for ABC/2 for bleed volume measurement.
The Senso is a training system (dividat, Schindellegi, Switzerland) for improving physical and cognitive function was used as exergame. With foot pushes participants triggered on a pressure-sensitive plate. The Senso game was projected with a beamer at white wall. To promote head movement during training the direction of the beamer was vertical tilted (± 15°) and horizontal turned (90°) with a remote controlled power panner.