anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Signs and symptoms following MILD dronabinol intoxication include drowsiness, euphoria, heightened sensory awareness, altered time perception, reddened conjunctiva, dry mouth and tachycardia; following MODERATE intoxication include memory impairment, depersonalization, mood alteration, urinary retention, and reduced bowel motility; and following SEVERE intoxication include decreased motor coordination, lethargy, slurred speech, and postural hypotension. Apprehensive patients may experience panic reactions and seizures may occur in patients with existing seizure disorders.

The estimated lethal human dose of intravenous dronabinol is 30 mg/kg (2100 mg/70 kg). Significant CNS symptoms in antiemetic studies followed oral doses of 0.4 mg/kg (28 mg/70 kg) of dronabinol capsules.

Management: A potentially serious oral ingestion, if recent, should be managed with gut decontamination. In unconscious patients with a secure airway, instill activated charcoal (30 to 100 g in adults, 1 to 2 g/kg in infants) via a nasogastric tube. A saline cathartic or sorbitol may be added to the first dose of activated charcoal. Patients experiencing depressive, hallucinatory or psychotic reactions should be placed in a quiet area and offered reassurance. Benzodiazepines (5 to 10 mg diazepam po) may be used for treatment of extreme agitation. Hypotension usually responds to Trendelenburg position and IV fluids. Pressors are rarely required.
BACKGROUND: The goal is to use three different machine learning models to predict the recurrence of breast cancer across a very heterogeneous sample of patients with varying disease kinds and stages.
METHODS: A heterogeneous group of patients with varying cancer kinds and stages, including both triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and non-triple-negative breast cancer (non-TNBC), was examined. Three distinct models were created using the following five machine learning techniques: Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), Random Under-sampling Boosting (RUSBoost), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), support vector machines (SVM), and Logistic Regression. The clinical model used both clinical and pathology data in conjunction with the machine learning algorithms. The machine learning algorithms were combined with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) imaging characteristics in the radiomic model, and the merged model combined the two types of data. Each technique was evaluated using several criteria, including the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, precision, recall, and F1 score.
RESULTS: The results suggest that the integration of clinical and radiomic data improves the predictive accuracy in identifying instances of breast cancer recurrence. The XGBoost algorithm is widely recognized as the most effective algorithm in terms of performance.
CONCLUSION: The findings presented in this study offer significant contributions to the field of breast cancer research, particularly in relation to the prediction of cancer recurrence. These insights hold great potential for informing future investigations and clinical interventions that seek to enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of recurrence prediction in breast cancer patients.
FIELD: medicine; pharmaceuticals.SUBSTANCE: present invention refers to pharmaceutical industry, namely to a method for producing stable nanosuspension. Disclosed is a method of producing a stable nanosuspension containing at least one natural material, the method comprising the steps of: providing at least one natural material in which 100 % of the volume of particles has a particle size of less than 320 mcm; dispersing said at least one natural material in a solvent; milling the dispersion such that 90 % of the volume of the particles has a particle size of less than 500 nm (D<500 nm), wherein the dispersion step or the grinding step includes adding a stabilizer, wherein at least one natural material is selected from a group consisting of plants, cyanobacteria, algae and fungi, and the natural material does not contain ginseng. Disclosed is nanosuspension for preparing a drug. Nanosuspension for treating or preventing a disease selected from cancer and inflammatory bowel disease, in which at least one natural material is a Brazilian agaricus (agaricus subrufescens), wherein concentration of Brazilian agar in nanosuspension is 5 % wt/wt. Application of nanosuspension for preparing a drug. Use of nanosuspension for preparing a drug for treating or preventing a disease specified in cancer and inflammatory bowel disease.EFFECT: above-described suspension is stable and effective for treating or preventing a disease specified in cancer and inflammatory bowel disease.40 cl, 22 dwg, 13 ex
PURPOSE:To produce a calcium phosphate based dental material having transparent feeling and aesthetic properties, by melting and vitrifying a calcium phosphate based raw material formulation having a specific Ca/P atomic ratio under reduced pressure, and casting and crystallizing the resultant melt. CONSTITUTION:A starting raw material consisting of a calcium oxide or a calcium-containing compound, e.g. calcium hydroxide, capable of forming CaO by firing, etc. and a phosphorus compound, e.g. phosphoric acid or polyphosphoric acid, capable of forming phosphorus oxide by firing is adjusted to give an atomic ratio (Ca/P) between Ca and P within 0.35-1.7 range, and if necessary a colorant component consisting of an oxide of Zn, Fe, etc. and a coloring assistant, e.g. Al2O3 or SiO2, are added thereto. The resultant calcium phosphate based raw material formulation is then mixed and placed in a vessel and melted under heating at about 900 deg.C or above under about <=100Torr reduced pressure and vitrified. The resultant glass is then cast and molded by the lost-wax process, etc. and kept under heating at about 400-900 deg.C to form many crystallites of the calcium phosphate and give the aimed excellent dental material.
The objective of this study was to examine the potential protective role of naringenin against the harmful effects induced by cadmium in KGN cell line. Cell viability was evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assay. Caspase-3/-9 activities were determined by caspase-3/-9 activity assay kits, respectively. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was detected by ROS-Glo™ H2O2 Assay, antioxidant capacity was determined by a total antioxidant capacity assay kit. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP level, and ATP synthase activity were determined by JC-1, ATP assay kit, and ATP synthase activity assay kit, respectively. The mRNA expression was determined by qRT-PCR. Cadmium reduced cell viability and increased caspase-3/-9 activities in a concentration-dependent manner. Naringenin improved cell viability and reduced caspase-3/-9 activities in cadmium-stimulated KGN cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Cadmium diminished the antioxidant capacity, increased ROS production, and induced mitochondrial dysfunction in KGN cells. These effects were ameliorated by naringenin treatment in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, naringenin reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in KGN cells exposed to cadmium. SIRT1 knockdown downregulated its expression in KGN cells and compromised the protective effects of naringenin on cell viability and caspase-3/-9 activities in cadmium-stimulated KGN cells. Naringenin prevented the reduction of MMP, ATP levels, and ATP synthase activity in cadmium-stimulated KGN cells in a concentration-dependent manner. However, these protective effects were significantly reversed by SIRT1 knockdown. In conclusion, this study suggests that naringenin protects against cadmium-induced damage by regulating oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and inflammation in KGN cells, with SIRT1 playing a potential mediating role.
Diabetic patients with renal insufficiency and in need of recombinant human EPO (darbepoetin alfa) substitution because of inadequate erythropoiesis. In both groups the target haemoglobin level is 10-12 gHb/ml, all treatment is performed according to label.
Amikacin is an FDA-approved aminoglycoside antibiotic that is commonly used. However, validated dosage regimens that achieve clinically relevant exposure profiles in mice are lacking. We aimed to design and validate humanized dosage regimens for amikacin in immune-competent murine bloodstream and lung infection models of Acinetobacter baumannii. Plasma and lung epithelial lining fluid (ELF) concentrations after single subcutaneous doses of 1.37, 13.7, and 137 mg/kg of body weight were simultaneously modeled via population pharmacokinetics. Then, humanized amikacin dosage regimens in mice were designed and prospectively validated to match the peak, area, trough, and range of plasma concentration profiles in critically ill patients (clinical dose: 25-30 mg/kg of body weight). The pharmacokinetics of amikacin were linear, with a clearance of 9.93 mL/h in both infection models after a single dose. However, the volume of distribution differed between models, resulting in an elimination half-life of 48 min for the bloodstream and 36 min for the lung model. The drug exposure in ELF was 72.7% compared to that in plasma. After multiple q6h dosing, clearance decreased by ~80% from the first (7.35 mL/h) to the last two dosing intervals (~1.50 mL/h) in the bloodstream model. Likewise, clearance decreased by 41% from 7.44 to 4.39 mL/h in the lung model. The humanized dosage regimens were 117 mg/kg of body weight/day in mice [administered in four fractions 6 h apart (q6h): 61.9%, 18.6%, 11.3%, and 8.21% of total dose] for the bloodstream and 96.7 mg/kg of body weight/day (given q6h as 65.1%, 16.9%, 10.5%, and 7.41%) for the lung model. These validated humanized dosage regimens and population pharmacokinetic models support translational studies with clinically relevant amikacin exposure profiles.
OBJECTIVE: Alcohol-related seizures (ARS) are one of the most important consequences of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS). However, demographic and clinical characteristics, and furthermore, the relationship of ARS with delirium tremens (DT), have not yet been evaluated in detail. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to reveal the correlates of ARS and examine the interaction of ARS with the occurrence of DT and with the severity of AWS.
METHODS: In the retrospective study (Study 1) 2851 medical charts of inpatient admissions characterized by AWS and DT were listed. Demographic and clinical variables of ARS were assessed. In the follow-up study (Study 2), patients admitted with AWS without (N = 28) and with (N = 18) ARS were enrolled. Study 1 was performed between 2008 and 2023, and Study 2 was performed in 2019 in Hungary. To determine the severity of AWS, the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment Scale for Alcohol, Revised (CIWA-Ar) was used. ARS is a provoked, occasional seizure; therefore, patients with epilepsy syndrome were excluded from the two studies. Statistical analyses were performed by the means of chi-square tests, multinomial logistic regressions, mixed ANOVA, and derivation.
RESULTS: The occurrence of DT, the history of ARS, and somatic co-morbidities were found to be risk factors for the appearance of ARS. ARS was proved to be a risk factor for the development of DT. In the follow-up study, there was no difference in the decrease of CIWA-Ar scores between the groups.
SIGNIFICANCE: Our present findings support the likelihood of kindling, which is one of the most important mechanisms underlying the development of ARS, but do not directly prove its presence. Additionally, our results revealed that the severity of AWS is not influenced by the presence of ARS.
PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: Provoked, occasional seizures during AWS are defined as ARS. In the present study, predictors and interactions of these seizures with DT-the most severe form of withdrawal-and with the severity of withdrawal were examined in retrospective and follow-up studies. The present study shows that a history of withdrawal seizures, the occurrence of DT, and somatic comorbidities are predictors of the development of seizures. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the presence of seizures does not influence the severity of withdrawal.
Higher plants survive terrestrial water deficiency and fluctuation by arresting cellular activities (dehydration) and resuscitating processes (rehydration). However, how plants monitor water availability during rehydration is unknown. Although increases in hypo-osmolarity-induced cytosolic Ca2+ concentration (HOSCA) have long been postulated to be the mechanism for sensing hypo-osmolarity in rehydration1,2, the molecular basis remains unknown. Because osmolarity triggers membrane tension and the osmosensing specificity of osmosensing channels can only be determined in vivo3-5, these channels have been classified as a subtype of mechanosensors. Here we identify bona fide cell surface hypo-osmosensors in Arabidopsis and find that pollen Ca2+ spiking is controlled directly by water through these hypo-osmosensors-that is, Ca2+ spiking is the second messenger for water status. We developed a functional expression screen in Escherichia coli for hypo-osmosensitive channels and identified OSCA2.1, a member of the hyperosmolarity-gated calcium-permeable channel (OSCA) family of proteins6. We screened single and high-order OSCA mutants, and observed that the osca2.1/osca2.2 double-knockout mutant was impaired in pollen germination and HOSCA. OSCA2.1 and OSCA2.2 function as hypo-osmosensitive Ca2+-permeable channels in planta and in HEK293 cells. Decreasing osmolarity of the medium enhanced pollen Ca2+ oscillations, which were mediated by OSCA2.1 and OSCA2.2 and required for germination. OSCA2.1 and OSCA2.2 convert extracellular water status into Ca2+ spiking in pollen and may serve as essential hypo-osmosensors for tracking rehydration in plants.
FIELD: medicine, food industry. SUBSTANCE: agent is the preparation of zinc and/or selenium, for example, ZnCl 2  at final concentration of zinc ions 40-80 mg/l and/or Na 2 SeO 3  at final concentration of selenium 30-100 mcg/l. Agent can be used for preparing special milk and milk-containing foodstuffs for humans showing response to usual milk as dyspepsia or pancreatism symptoms. Agent is simple in using, it does not require additional cost for milk treatment and ensures to improve or recover assimilation of milk in body. EFFECT: higher effectiveness and simplicity. 4 cl, 1 ex
INTRODUCTION/AIMS: Cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS) is caused by RFC1 expansions. Sensory neuronopathy, polyneuropathy, and involvement of motor, autonomic, and cranial nerves have all been described with RFC1 expansions. We aimed to describe the electrodiagnostic features of patients with RFC1 expansions through multimodal electrophysiological investigations.
METHODS: Thirty-five patients, with a median age of 70 years, and pathologic biallelic repeat expansions in the RFC1 gene, were tested for motor and sensory nerve conduction, flexor carpi radialis (FCR) and soleus H-reflexes, blink reflex, electrochemical skin conductance, sympathetic skin response (SSR), and heart rate variability with deep breathing (HRV).
RESULTS: Only 16 patients (46%) exhibited the full clinical CANVAS spectrum. Distal motor amplitudes were normal in 30 patients and reduced in the legs of five patients. Distal sensory amplitudes were bilaterally reduced in a non-length dependent manner in 30 patients. Conduction velocities were normal. Soleus H-reflexes were abnormal in 19/20 patients of whom seven had preserved Achilles reflexes. FCR H-reflexes were absent or decreased in amplitude in 13/14 patients. Blink reflex was abnormal in 4/19 patients: R1 latencies for two patients and R2 latencies for two others. Fourteen out of 31 patients (45%) had abnormal results in at least one autonomic nervous system test, either for ESC (12/31), SSR (5/14), or HRV (6/19).
DISCUSSION: Less than half of the patients with RFC1 expansions exhibited the full clinical CANVAS spectrum, but nearly all exhibited typical sensory neuronopathy and abnormal H-reflexes. Involvement of small nerve fibers and brainstem neurons was less common.
BACKGROUND: Anorexia nervosa may cause several gastro-intestinal complications.
CASE DESCRIPTION: A 21-year-old woman presented herself with abdominal pain and vomiting a day after her first binge-eating episode. In her recent history she had lost 40 kg in weight and her BMI was 15 at presentation. Imaging showed gastric distension and ascites in all quadrants, suspicious of a gastric rupture. A blow-out of the stomach was seen during a diagnostic laparotomy, which was treated with a gastric sleeve procedure. Following surgery, the patient was diagnosed with anorexia nervosa of the restrictive type with a first episode of binge-eating.
CONCLUSION: Gastric rupture is a rare and unknown complication of anorexia nervosa with a high mortality.
The purpose of this study was to systematically review and meta-analyze randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting the comparative clinical and functional outcomes, postoperative complications, and radiological outcomes of single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) performed using the transtibial (TT) approach or anteromedial (AM) technique. A systematic review of the literature was performed according to Cochrane and PRISMA guidelines. RCTs comparing TT and AM techniques were considered only. The quality of the studies was defined using the GRADE system, and the risk of bias was assessed with the RoB 2 tool. The primary endpoint was to systematically review and meta-analyze the clinical outcomes, residual laxity and failure rate of both AM and TT techniques. In the current meta-analysis 13 RCTs involving 989 patients who underwent arthroscopic single-bundle ACLR (486 TT and 503 AM) were included. Patients undergoing AM technique resulted in higher objective-IKDC (p < 0.001) and Lysholm scores (p = 0.002), despite a lower incidence of pathological anterior tibial translation (p < 0.001) and positive pivot-shift test (p < 0.001). No differences were detected in IKDC subjective score (p = 0.26), Tegner activity scale (p = 0.18) and graft failure (p = 0.07). ACL reconstruction through AM portal technique provides better clinical outcomes and lower incidence of residual rotational and anteroposterior laxity in comparison with the TT technique. No statistically significant difference in subjective outcomes and graft failure was reported.
Music therapy (MT) interventions are a cost-effective, accessible, and holistic treatment option with social, rhythmic, creative, sensorimotor, and respiratory components, giving them the potential to improve the quality of life for a diverse array of disorders. Despite this, the literature surrounding MT is controversial due to the lack of standardization in clinical and research practice. Interventions range from passive listening of participant selected music to clinician lead improvisational sessions. This inhibits a mechanistic understanding of how MT functions, and what components produce therapeutic effects. Controlled studies that target physiological outcomes are vital for the development of evidence-based MT treatments.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability for U.S. and affects more than 16 million Americans each year. Existing interventions struggle to combat this societal burden and fail to reach the large number of treatment resistant patients, creating an urgent need for the development of new treatment paradigms. Hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) have been implicated in MDD. Listening to music has been shown to alter stress hormone levels and heart rate variability (HRV), physiological correlates of the HPA axis and ANS respectively. Active music-making's effects on these correlates has yet to be studied. Since active musical engagement involves multiple sensory inputs-proprioceptive and motor in addition to auditory-it has the potential to heighten physiological changes associated with listening to music alone. By contrasting a structured participation MT intervention with a listening control, the investigators will target the effects of active participation in music-making as a potential treatment for MDD.
This is a randomized, multi-center, open-label study comparing the Omeza® Products Bundle versus standard of care treatments for 2 different types of chronic ulcers (venous leg ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers). The treatment period will be 12 weeks, with subjects coming into the study site weekly for evaluations, photography and formal measurements of the target wound, and dressing changes. There will be a total of 13 study site visits. The Screening Visit (Day 0) will occur 1 week prior to randomization and will include routine labs and vascular assessment to determine inclusion/exclusion of the potential subject from the study; followed by weekly treatment visits (Week 1 through Week 11); randomization will occur at Treatment Visit Week 1; the Treatment Visit Week 12/End of Study Visit will include end of study labs. Target wounds will be photographed and measured, and vascular assessment will be done at each of the 13 visits.

If the wound closes before Week 12, the subject will continue to come in for all the remaining study visits until study completion. If the wound does not close by Week 12, the subject will be immediately exited from the study and no further follow-up will occur as part of the study.
There was no evidence of carcinogenicity when telmisartan was administered in the diet to mice and rats for up to 2 years. The highest doses administered to mice (1000 mg/kg/day) and rats (100 mg/kg/day) are, on a mg/m 2 basis, about 59 and 13 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of telmisartan. These same doses have been shown to provide average systemic exposures to telmisartan >100 times and >25 times, respectively, the systemic exposure in humans receiving the MRHD (80 mg/day).   
  
Genotoxicity assays did not reveal any telmisartan-related effects at either the gene or chromosome level. These assays included bacterial mutagenicity tests with Salmonella and E. coli (Ames), a gene mutation test with Chinese hamster V79 cells, a cytogenetic test with human lymphocytes, and a mouse micronucleus test.   
No drug-related effects on the reproductive performance of male and female rats were noted at 100 mg/kg/day (the highest dose administered), about 13 times, on a mg/m 2 basis, the MRHD of telmisartan. This dose in the rat resulted in an average systemic exposure (telmisartan AUC as determined on day 6 of pregnancy) at least 50 times the average systemic exposure in humans at the MRHD (80 mg/day).
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new activated immunoglobulin imparted with pharmacological activity and useful as an agent such as an eosinophil suppressing agent, immunomodulator, antiinflammatory agent for the treatment of autoimmune disease and anti-allergic agent. SOLUTION: This activated immunoglobulin is produced by mixing an immunoglobulin with preferably 0.075-75μg of a histamine component based on 1g of the immunoglobulin and removing the histamine component from the mixture. The immunoglobulin used as a raw material is produced from serum, placenta plasma, etc., by conventional method. The contamination with hepatitis virus and AIDS virus is prevented by using the raw material plasma negative to HBS antigen, HCV antibody and HIV antibody and heat-treating the raw material. The mixing of the immunoglobulin with the histamine component is preferably carried out by dissolving both components in an aqueous solution such as water or physiological saline and stirring the mixture at room temperature or leaving standing the mixture after stirring. The removal of the histamine component is easily carried out by dialysis, gel-filtration, etc.