anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composition and method for detecting the presence of pathogenic prions in various specimens, eg., a sample obtained from a living subject, blood products, and feeds for farm animals, and other humans and animals.  <P>SOLUTION: This peptide reagent interacting preferentially with the PrP<SP>Sc</SP>type of the prion protein is described. The method for using the reagent for detection, diagnosis, purification, treatment and prevention of the prion and the diseases associated with the prion or an antibody to the reagent is also described. These peptide reagents can be used in wide uses such as a tool for isolating the pathogenic prions or for detecting the presence of the pathogenic prions in the specimens, as a component for a composition for the treatment or prevention and/or for the preparation of a prion specific antibody. For example, the peptide reagent interacting preferentially with the PrP<SP>Sc</SP>as compared with that of PrP<SP>C</SP>is useful for the diagnosis of the diseases.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
Most patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) develop anemia, which is attributed to the dysregulation of iron metabolism. Reciprocally, impaired iron homeostasis also aggravates inflammation. How this iron-mediated, pathogenic anemia-inflammation crosstalk is regulated in the gut remains elusive. Herein, it is for the first time revealed that anemic IBD patients exhibit impaired production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly butyrate. Butyrate supplementation restores iron metabolism in multiple anemia models. Mechanistically, butyrate upregulates ferroportin (FPN) expression in macrophages by reducing the enrichment of histone deacetylase (HDAC) at the Slc40a1 promoter, thereby facilitating iron export. By preventing iron sequestration, butyrate not only mitigates colitis-induced anemia but also reduces TNF-α production in macrophages. Consistently, macrophage-conditional FPN knockout mice exhibit more severe anemia and inflammation. Finally, it is revealed that macrophage iron overload impairs the therapeutic effectiveness of anti-TNF-α antibodies in colitis, which can be reversed by butyrate supplementation. Hence, this study uncovers the pivotal role of butyrate in preventing the pathogenic circuit between anemia and inflammation.
It is disclosed herein that STAT3 phosphorylated at serine 727 is a key regulator of proliferation and survival of stem cells and precursor cells. Methods for increasing the survival and proliferation of stem cells and/or precursor are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the method includes contacting a mammalian stem cell mammalian precursor cell with a JAK inhibitor, a p38 inhibitor, or both. Methods are also disclosed for increasing the survival and proliferation of neuronal precursor cells in a subject. The method includes administering a therapeutically effective amount of a Notch ligand and a growth factor. Methods are also disclosed for identifying an agent that increases the proliferation of stem cells and/or precursor cells. The method includes contacting a stem cell or a precursor cell with an agent of interest, wherein the stem cell or the precursor cell expresses STAT3; and determining the phosphorylation status of serine 727 of STAT3 in the cell. Phosphorylation of serine 727 indicates that the agent increases the survival and/or proliferation of stem cells and/or precursor cells. An isolated population of cells is disclosed, wherein the cells express nestin and STAT3, wherein serine 727 of STAT3 is phosphorylated.
Patients received management of BP based on the standard guidelines at the time, as published by the American Heart Association (AHA) in 2007 and 2010. The attending clinician may consider commencing BP treatment if the systolic level is greater than 180 mmHg, however and the first line treatment will be oral (including nasogastric if required) and/or transdermal routes. Should control of systolic BP not be achieved via these routes, intravenous treatment may be started until the target systolic BP of 180 mmHg is achieved.
Two hundred patients who have undergone neurological evaluation by their general community neurologist and have a questionable diagnosis of PD will be recruited to participate in this study. Subjects will be referred by the neurologists to the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (IND) in New Haven, CT.

All subjects will be clinically evaluated at IND by a two movement disorders experts. At the baseline visit all subjects will also undergo \[123I\]ß-CIT SPECT ANAM, voice acoustics, olfactory, Spiral and biochemical testing. Each movement disorders expert will make an initial clinical diagnosis at baseline and again within three months follow-up. At the three month visit one movement disorder expert will be provided the DAT imaging data and will review that data with the subjects and referral physician. The other movement disorders physician will remain blind to the imaging and all other biomarker data. The blinded movement disorders expert will provide a final clinical diagnosis at the 12 month follow-up visit, which will represent the 'gold standard' diagnosis in this study. Statistical analysis to determine the sensitivity and specificity of ANAM, voice acoustics, olfactory, Spiral and biochemical testing compared to \[123I\]ß-CIT SPECT, and the gold standard clinical diagnosis will be completed. All subjects with DAT deficit and 10% of those without DAT deficit will be asked to return for repeat evaluation at 24 months.
Risk Summary 

Testosterone gel, 1% is contraindicated in pregnant women. Testosterone is teratogenic and may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman based on data from animal studies and its mechanism of action [see Contraindications (4) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.1)]. Exposure of a female fetus to androgens may result in varying degrees of virilization. In animal developmental studies, exposure to testosterone in utero resulted in hormonal and behavioral changes in offspring and structural impairments of reproductive tissues in female and male offspring. These studies did not meet current standards for nonclinical development toxicity studies. 

Data

Animal Data 

In developmental studies conducted in rats, rabbits, pigs, sheep and rhesus monkeys, pregnant animals received intramuscular injection of testosterone during the period of organogenesis. Testosterone treatment at doses that were comparable to those used for testosterone replacement therapy resulted in structural impairments in both female and male offspring. Structural impairments observed in females included increased ano-genital distance, phallus development, empty scrotum, no external vagina, intrauterine growth retardation, reduced ovarian reserve, and increased ovarian follicular recruitment. Structural impairments seen in male offspring included increased testicular weight, larger seminal tubular lumen diameter, and higher frequency of occluded tubule lumen. Increased pituitary weight was seen in both sexes. 

Testosterone exposure in utero also resulted in hormonal and behavioral changes in offspring. Hypertension was observed in pregnant female rats and their offspring exposed to doses approximately twice those used for testosterone replacement therapy.
PURPOSE: To analyze the performance of auditory speech perception (PF) after cochlear implant (CI) replacement surgery and associations with age, times of use of the first CI, deprivation, recovery and use of the second device.
METHODS: The retrospective study analyzed the medical records of 68 participants reimplanted from 1990 to 2016, and evaluated with PF performance tests, considering as a reference, the greater auditory capacity identified during the use of the first CI. Also analyzed were: Etiology of hearing loss; the reasons for the reimplantation; device brands; age range; sex; affected ear; age at first implant; time of use of the first CI, deprivation, recovery and use of the second device. The analyzes followed with the Chi-Square and Spearman, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests (CI=95%; p≤0.05; Software SPSS®.v22).
RESULTS: Most were children with hearing loss due to idiopathic causes and meningitis. Abrupt stoppage of operation was the most common cause for device replacement. Most cases recovered and maintained or continued to progress in PF after reimplantation. Adults have the worst recovery capacity when compared to children and adolescents. The PF capacity showed a significant association (p≤0.05) with: age at first implant; time of use of the first and second CI.
CONCLUSION: Periodic programming and replacement of the device when indicated are fundamental for the maintenance of auditory functions. Being young and having longer use of implants represent advantages for the development of speech perception skills.
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is characterized by its autoimmune nature. This study investigates the role of the IFNγ SNP rs2069705 in modulating the susceptibility to pSS. Differential expression of IFNγ and BAFF was analyzed using the GEO database's mRNA microarray GSE84844. Genotyping of the IFNγ SNP rs2069705 was conducted via the dbSNP website. The JASPAR tool was used for predicting transcription factor bindings. Techniques such as dual-luciferase reporter assays, Chromatin immunoprecipitation, and analysis of a pSS mouse model were applied to study gene and protein interactions. A notable increase in the mutation frequency of IFNγ SNP rs2069705 was observed in MNCs from the exocrine glands of pSS mouse models. Bioinformatics analysis revealed elevated levels of IFNγ and BAFF in pSS samples. The model exhibited an increase in both CD20+ B cells and cells expressing IFNγ and BAFF. Knocking down IFNγ resulted in lowered BAFF expression and less lymphocyte infiltration, with BAFF overexpression reversing this suppression. Activation of the Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT1 pathway was found to enhance transcription in the BAFF promoter region, highlighting IFNγ's involvement in pSS. In addition, rs2069705 was shown to boost IFNγ transcription by promoting interaction between its promoter and STAT4. SNP rs2069705 in the IFNγ gene emerges as a pivotal element in pSS susceptibility, primarily by augmenting IFNγ transcription, activating the JAK/STAT1 pathway, and leading to B-lymphocyte infiltration in the exocrine glands.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The research employed a combination of bioinformatics analysis, genotyping, and experimental models, providing a multifaceted approach to understanding the complex interactions in pSS. We have uncovered that the rs2069705 SNP significantly affects the transcription of IFNγ, leading to altered immune responses and B-lymphocyte activity in pSS.
The research will include about 150 respondents aged 40-65, smokers and non-smokers, and will be conducted at the Special Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation 'Daruvarske toplice'. All patients will make spirometry and the Tiffeneau-Pinelli index (ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second - FEV1 and forced vital capacity FVC).

All patients will be maesured: body weight, height, BMI (body mass index), waist circumference, pulse (cp), saturation (SpO2), blood pressure, respiratory index and thoracic spine mobility index measured. The thickness of the skin fold will be measured on the abdomen with a caliper and on the measuring device for the analysis of body mass composition - Gaia, the percentage of muscle and fat tissue will be determined for each patient, as well as the analysis of body mass composition. All patients will do a 6-minute walk test and the patient's cardiorespiratory and muscular ability will be tested on a bicycle erogometer, the values of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and pulse (cp) will be recorded and the patient's fitness status determined. Each patient will estimate dyspnea intensity from 1 -10 before and after a 6-minute walk test and before and after a bicycle ergometer according to the Borg's dyspnea scale. The strength test of the the quadriceps muscle, will be measured in all patients on the Biodex isokinetic device. Quadriceps strength testing will be performed on 2 occasions. On one occasion without medication, except those that the patient may take permanently, and on the other 90 minutes after the patient takes 1 tbl of L - Arginine 500 mg on mouth to an empty stomach ,in order to monitor the possible increase in quadriceps strength. All patients who are smokers will have recorded : the age of onset of smoking, the year of smoking experience and the average number of cigarettes smoked per day. All patients will complete the CAT, IPAQ and DASS-21 questionnaire.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a deodorant effective for an unpleasant odor such as human body odor, foul breath and urine smell, smell of pet animal, feces and urine smell and tobacco smell, by using a specific metal complex compound as a deodorizing component. SOLUTION: This deodorant uses a metal complex compound of phytic acid. A chelate complex formed from phytic acid and one or more metal ions of iron, copper, zinc, aluminum, manganese, calcium, magnesium and cobalt is preferable as the metal complex compound of phytic acid. In the deodorant, the metal complex compound of phytic acid may be directly used or may be used with another component. The deodorant can be formed into powder, granule (granulated material), tablet, film, sheet, stick, various moldings, emulsion composition, etc. The deodorizing component has reducing effect on various unpleasant smells and is safe to a human body.
The invention discloses a colestipol sustained release tablet and a preparation method thereof. The sustained release tablet comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of colestipol, 15 parts of methyl cellulose, 10 parts of sodium alginate, 15 parts of lactose, 0.5 part of polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, and 0.5 part of talc powder. The preparation method comprises the steps of material preparation, granulation, finishing and tabletting. The medicines in the sustained release tablet disclosed by the invention can be lastingly and slowly released into a body, the blood concentration is stable and the fluctuation is small, thereby reducing the administration frequency. After the medicine is prepared in to the sustained release tablet, an odd flavor of the medicine is covered, which facilitates taking by patients and improves patient compliance. By controlling the concentration of effective medicine ingredients in blood, the medicine effect is maintained, the number of peak times of medicine release is reduced, and certain protection for organs of patients is achieved.
BACKGROUND: To align with the 2030 vision of the World Health Organization (WHO) to ensure 90% of girls receive the HPV vaccine before turning 15, Bangladesh has recently started the (HPV) vaccine campaign nationwide. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the level of its acceptance among parents of eligible daughters in Bangladesh.
METHODS: This nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted among the self-identified parents of daughters in the age group of 9-15 years between June 28 and August 2, 2023. A total of 2,151 parents were conveniently selected from all eight divisions of Bangladesh. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. The Health Belief Model was used to appraise respondents' beliefs concerning HPV and its vaccination. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI), and a p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. R Studio (Version 2023.09.0+463) was used as an interface for data analysis, while R (the programming language) was used for statistical computations.
RESULTS: The mean age of the study participants was 38.18 (±5.86) years. The overall acceptance rate of the HPV vaccine was 86.61% (95%CI: 85.09-88.02). The vaccine acceptance level was positively associated with all the domains of the HBM (p<0.001), except in the perceived barrier domain (p = 0.489). After adjustment for other factors, it was found that higher age was associated with a decreased acceptance (AOR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.89-0.95). The urban residents exhibited 42% lower odds of vaccine acceptance than rural (AOR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.36-0.92). Similarly, participants of the middle-income group had 44% lower odds than the lower-income group (AOR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.32-0.97).
CONCLUSION: Our study found a reasonably good level of acceptance of the HPV vaccine among the parents of eligible daughters. Multiple factors such as younger age, urban residence, belonging to the middle income group, history of regular routine health check-ups, knowledge of cervical cancer, positive perception about benefits of the vaccine, and positive cues to actions were associated with HPV vaccine acceptance.
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease believed to be caused by an inflammatory process in the pancreas leading to selective destruction of the β cells. Inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) is expressed under inflammatory conditions and its product prostaglandin E2(PGE2) is an important inflammation mediator. Administration of the selective COX-2 inhibitor such as, e.g., NS-398 prevents the onset of diabetes in mice brought on by multiple low-doses of streptozotocin (STZ). Histological observations indicated that STZ-mediated destruction of β cells was prevented by NS-398 treatment. Delayed (day 3) administration of NS-398 was also protective in this model. These results demonstrate the critical importance of COX-2 activity in autoimmune destruction of β cells, and point to the fact that COX-2 inhibition should provide a preventive therapy against IDDM or other autoimmune problems, including allograft rejection. Inhibitors of NF-λB activation may also be used to prevent IDDM and allograft rejection.
Only a small proportion of patients with biliary obstruction caused by cholangiocarcinoma or pancreatic cancer are suitable for surgical resection. Therefore most patients with malignant biliary obstruction will need palliation of their jaundice to relieve the symptoms of pruritus, malabsorption, sepsis and to minimize potential hepatorenal complications. Restoring biliary flow with relief of jaundice is the primary goal in the palliation of obstructive biliary malignancy. Drainage at endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ECRP) is established as a safer approach than at percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) because it has a lower risk of bile leak, infection and hemorrhage. ECRP is the first approach to relieve malignant biliary obstruction but sometimes it is not technically possible to stent the patient by this approach, then a PTC needs to be undertaken. Self expanding mesh metal stents (SEMS) were introduced back in the 1990s. Problems can still arise with the use of covered stents such as cholecystitis, pancreatitis or tumor overgrowth at the end of the stent, and not all studies have shown that covered stents actually reduce the problems of tumor ingrowth and consequent stent occlusion. EndoHPB can be deployed via an ERCP or PTC route. By using radiofrequency (RF) energy to heat the tissue in the duct prior to insertion of the stent, the surrounding tissue becomes coagulated and this may may delay tumor growth and the time before the stent lumen becomes blocked. Thereby this allows increased periods between the need for intervention and further stent deployment. If EndoHPB use of luminal RF is demonstrated to be effective in luminal tumor ablation, it may have an additional role as a form of neoadjuvant therapy in cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic cancer.
Recurrent copy-number variation represents one of the most well-established genetic drivers in neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder. Duplication of 15q11-q13 (dup15q) is a well-described neurodevelopmental syndrome that increases the risk of autism more than 40-fold. However, the effects of this duplication on gene expression and chromatin accessibility in specific cell types in the human brain remain unknown. To identify the cell-type-specific transcriptional and epigenetic effects of dup15q in the human frontal cortex, we conducted single-nucleus RNA sequencing and multi-omic sequencing on dup15q-affected individuals (n = 6) as well as individuals with non-dup15q autism (n = 7) and neurotypical control individuals (n = 7). Cell-type-specific differential expression analysis identified significantly regulated genes, critical biological pathways, and differentially accessible genomic regions. Although there was overall increased gene expression across the duplicated genomic region, cellular identity represented an important factor mediating gene-expression changes. As compared to other cell types, neuronal subtypes showed greater upregulation of gene expression across a critical region within the duplication. Genes that fell within the duplicated region and had high baseline expression in control individuals showed only modest changes in dup15q, regardless of cell type. Of note, dup15q and autism had largely distinct signatures of chromatin accessibility but shared the majority of transcriptional regulatory motifs, suggesting convergent biological pathways. However, the transcriptional binding-factor motifs implicated in each condition implicated distinct biological mechanisms: neuronal JUN and FOS networks in autism vs. an inflammatory transcriptional network in dup15q microglia. This work provides a cell-type-specific analysis of how dup15q changes gene expression and chromatin accessibility in the human brain, and it finds evidence of marked cell-type-specific effects of this genetic driver. These findings have implications for guiding therapeutic development in dup15q syndrome, as well as understanding the functional effects of copy-number variants more broadly in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Standard distal pancreatectomy includes distal pancreatectomy, splenectomy, and regional lymph nodes resection for pancreatic cancer at the body and tail. Regional lymph nodes includes group 8, 10, 11, 18, 7, 9, 14, 15, according to the 2003 edition of lymph nodes group system defined by Japan Pancreas Society (JPS).
The presence of stem cells in the brain that become active after brain injury is an interesting aspect of regeneration and repair after stroke. The intravenous administration of sovateltide (TYVALZI™, IRL 1620) enhances the activity of neuronal progenitor cells and angiogenesis in the brain. This promotes the formation of new mature neurons and blood vessels, aiding in the repair process. Additionally, sovateltide exhibits anti-apoptotic activity, preventing cell death, and it can increase cerebral blood flow when administered after ischemia. These properties make sovateltide a promising candidate for promoting brain repair and facilitating recovery following acute ischemic stroke.

The study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of sovateltide in 160 patients with acute cerebral ischemic stroke. Sovateltide will be administered intravenously in addition to standard treatment. The patients will be divided into two groups, with 80 patients in each. Group 1 will receive sovateltide along with standard treatment, while Group 2 will receive normal saline along with standard treatment. The study will span approximately 18 months, with a patient enrollment period of around 15 months. Each patient will be followed for a total of 3 months, with three study visits during that period. The study will adhere to ethical guidelines and obtain informed consent from patients or their legally acceptable representatives. Efficacy analysis will be performed using statistical tests to compare outcomes between the groups, including NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale), mRS (Modified Rankin Scale), and BI (Barthel index) scores. Safety analysis will involve monitoring and categorizing adverse events (AEs) and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) using standardized medical terminology. Adverse events will be evaluated based on their relationship to the study drug, seriousness, severity, actions taken, and outcomes. Clinical laboratory parameters, vital signs, and physical examinations will also be assessed.