anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: Surgical treatment of early-onset scoliosis (EOS) is associated with high rates of complications, often requiring unplanned return to the operating room (UPROR). The aim of this study was to create and validate a machine learning model to predict which EOS patients will go on to require an UPROR during their treatment course.
METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of all surgical EOS patients with at least 2 years follow-up. Patients were stratified based on whether they had experienced an UPROR. Ten machine learning algorithms were trained using tenfold cross-validation on an independent training set of patients. Model performance was evaluated on a separate testing set via their area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Relative feature importance was calculated for the top-performing model.
RESULTS: 257 patients were included in the study. 146 patients experienced at least one UPROR (57%). Five factors were identified as significant and included in model training: age at initial surgery, EOS etiology, initial construct type, and weight and height at initial surgery. The Gaussian naïve Bayes model demonstrated the best performance on the testing set (AUC: 0.79). Significant protective factors against experiencing an UPROR were weight at initial surgery, idiopathic etiology, initial definitive fusion construct, and height at initial surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: The Gaussian naïve Bayes machine learning algorithm demonstrated the best performance for predicting UPROR in EOS patients. Heavier, taller, idiopathic patients with initial definitive fusion constructs experienced UPROR less frequently. This model can be used to better quantify risk, optimize patient factors, and choose surgical constructs.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic: III.
Signs and Symptoms

Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, pruritus, headache, and increasing lethargy will probably occur within a short time after ingestion; unconsciousness may occur when there is severe hepatic disease. Transient increases in liver enzymes and/or bilirubin may occur. Brownish-red or orange discoloration of the skin, urine, sweat, saliva, tears, and feces will occur, and its intensity is proportional to the amount ingested.

Liver enlargement, possibly with tenderness, can develop within a few hours after severe overdosage; bilirubin levels may increase and jaundice may develop rapidly. Hepatic involvement may be more marked in patients with prior impairment of hepatic function. Other physical findings remain essentially normal. A direct effect upon the hematopoietic system, electrolyte levels, or acid-base balance is unlikely.

Facial or periorbital edema has also been reported in pediatric patients. Hypotension, sinus tachycardia, ventricular arrhythmias, seizures, and cardiac arrest were reported in some fatal cases.

Acute Toxicity

The minimum acute lethal or toxic dose is not well established. However, nonfatal acute overdoses in adults have been reported with doses ranging from 9 to 12 gm rifampin. Fatal acute overdoses in adults have been reported with doses ranging from 14 to 60 gm. Alcohol or a history of alcohol abuse was involved in some of the fatal and nonfatal reports. Nonfatal overdoses in pediatric patients ages 1 to 4 years old of 100 mg/kg for one to two doses has been reported.

Treatment

Intensive support measures should be instituted and individual symptoms treated as they arise. The airway should be secured and adequate respiratory exchange established. Since nausea and vomiting are likely to be present, gastric lavage within the first 2 to 3 hours after ingestion is probably preferable to induction of emesis. Following evacuation of the gastric contents, the instillation of activated charcoal slurry into the stomach may help absorb any remaining drug from the gastrointestinal tract. Antiemetic medication may be required to control severe nausea and vomiting.

Active diuresis (with measured intake and output) will help promote excretion of the drug.

For severe cases, extracorporeal hemodialysis may be required. If this is not available, peritoneal dialysis can be used along with forced diuresis.
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a chronic disease presenting with severe fatigue, post-exertional malaise, and cognitive disturbances-among a spectrum of symptoms-that collectively render the patient housebound or bedbound. Epigenetic studies in ME/CFS collectively confirm alterations and/or malfunctions in cellular and organismal physiology associated with immune responses, cellular metabolism, cell death and proliferation, and neuronal and endothelial cell function. The sudden onset of ME/CFS follows a major stress factor that, in approximately 70% of cases, involves viral infection, and ME/CFS symptoms overlap with those of long COVID. Viruses primarily linked to ME/CFS pathology are the symbiotic herpesviruses, which follow a bivalent latent-lytic lifecycle. The complex interaction between viruses and hosts involves strategies from both sides: immune evasion and persistence by the viruses, and immune activation and viral clearance by the host. This dynamic interaction is imperative for herpesviruses that facilitate their persistence through epigenetic regulation of their own and the host genome. In the current article, we provide an overview of the epigenetic signatures demonstrated in ME/CFS and focus on the potential strategies that latent viruses-particularly Epstein-Barr virus-may employ in long-term epigenetic reprograming in ME/CFS. Epigenetic studies could aid in elucidating relevant biological pathways impacted in ME/CFS and reflect the physiological variations among the patients that stem from environmental triggers, including exogenous viruses and/or altered viral activity.
Participants in the intervention group will wear the newly designed SESL01 lens with anti-reflection coating. Participants will be asked to wear their spectacles for all daily tasks as normal including when looking at digital screens and near tasks.
The use of MAOIs intended to treat psychiatric disorders with desipramine hydrochloride or within 14 days of stopping treatment with desipramine hydrochloride is contraindicated because of an increased risk of serotonin syndrome. The use of desipramine hydrochloride within 14 days of stopping an MAOI intended to treat psychiatric disorders is also contraindicated ( see WARNINGS and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION). 

Starting desipramine hydrochloride in a patient who is being treated with MAOIs such as linezolid or intravenous methylene blue is also contraindicated because of an increased risk of serotonin syndrome (see WARNINGS and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION). 

Desipramine hydrochloride is contraindicated in the acute recovery period following myocardial infarction. It should not be used in those who have shown prior hypersensitivity to the drug. Cross-sensitivity between this and other dibenzazepines is a possibility.
This is a randomized three-arm clinical trial of an intervention examining the efficacy of Polarity Therapy for the relief of fatigue associated with radiation treatments in breast cancer patients. Patients who meets the eligibility criteria and who have signed the consent form will be randomized to one of three trial arms: 1) Polarity Treatment 2) Massage treatment 3) Standard Care. Three treatments will be administered in the 4th, 5th, and 6th calendar weeks of radiation treatment. There will be weekly blood draws to assess cytokine levels. In addition, 6 saliva samples will be gathered per day for 2 days during each of the 4 study weeks to assess cortisol levels. Saliva samples will be completed by the participant at home. An actigraph will be worn for the 28 day study period to assess activity and sleep. Patients randomized to the Standard Care Arm will receive a Polarity or Massage treatment gratis following the completion of the study.
Plant defence peptides are paramount endogenous danger signals secreted after a challenge, intensifying the plant immune response. The peptidic hormone Systemin (Sys) was shown to participate in resistance in several plant pathosystems, although the mechanisms behind Sys-induced resistance when exogenously applied remain elusive. We performed proteomic, metabolomic, and enzymatic studies to decipher the Sys-induced changes in tomato plants in either the absence or the presence of Botrytis cinerea infection. Sys treatments triggered direct proteomic rearrangement mostly involved in carbon metabolism and photosynthesis. However, the final induction of defence proteins required concurrent challenge, triggering priming of pathogen-targeted proteins. Conversely, at the metabolomic level, Sys-treated plants showed an alternative behaviour following a general priming profile. Of the primed metabolites, the flavonoids rutin and isorhamnetin and two alkaloids correlated with the proteins 4-coumarate-CoA-ligase and chalcone-flavanone-isomerase triggered by Sys treatment. In addition, proteomic and enzymatic analyses revealed that Sys conditioned the primary metabolism towards the production of available sugars that could be fuelling the priming of callose deposition in Sys-treated plants; furthermore, PR1 appeared as a key element in Sys-induced resistance. Collectively, the direct induction of proteins and priming of specific secondary metabolites in Sys-treated plants indicated that post-translational protein regulation is an additional component of priming against necrotrophic fungi.
Group A: This study group will receive intranasal vitamin A at 10,000 I.U. per day and olfactory retraining using scented oils in addition to their standard of care.
Congenital lead toxicity is rare. Lead freely crosses the placenta, therefore, placing the developing fetus at a higher risk for lead toxicity. This can lead to adverse consequences, such as spontaneous abortion, low birth weight, low IQ, and neurodevelopmental impairment. We present a rare case of siblings born to a mother with pica behaviors. Her venous lead level was 42 μg/dL at the time of disclosure. The repeat venous level at delivery 2 weeks later was 61 μg/dL. The infant's venous level shortly after birth was 89 μg/dL. The neonate was transferred to the NICU, where he received 9 doses of intramuscular dimercaprol and 5 days of intravenous Ca2Na2EDTA. Seventy-two hours after completing chelation, the blood lead level rebounded to 46 μg/dL. A 19-day course of dimercaptosuccinic acid was then initiated. As of 12 months of age, he has not required additional chelation. Shortly after, the mother conceived another child, who was born prematurely at 29 weeks. Twelve days before delivery, the mother's lead level was 30 ug/dL. The infant's lead level was 32 ug/dL at the time of delivery. The infant's lead trended down without requiring chelation. Both children have since demonstrated developmental delays and have needed early intervention services.
Methadone hydrochloride is chemically described as 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenyl-3-hepatanone hydrochloride. Methadone hydrochloride is a white, crystalline material that is water-soluble. Its molecular formula is C21H27NO• HCl and it has a molecular weight of 345.91. Methadone hydrochloride has a melting point of 235°C, and a pKa of 8.25 in water at 20°C. Its octanol/water partition coefficient at pH 7.4 is 117. A solution (1:100) in water has a pH between 4.5 and 6.5.

It has the following structural formula:

Each Methadone Hydrochloride Tablet USP contains 5 or 10 mg of methadone hydrochloride, USP and the following inactive ingredients: magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and starch.
Overdosage with pentoxifylline has been reported in pediatric patients and adults. Symptoms appear to be dose related. A report from a poison control center on 44 patients taking overdoses of enteric-coated pentoxifylline extended-release tablets noted that symptoms usually occurred 4 to 5 hours after ingestion and lasted about 12 hours. The highest amount ingested was 80 mg/kg; flushing, hypotension, convulsions, somnolence, loss of consciousness, fever, and agitation occurred. All patients recovered. In addition to symptomatic treatment and gastric lavage, special attention must be given to supporting respiration, maintaining systemic blood pressure, and controlling convulsions. Activated charcoal has been used to absorb pentoxifylline in patients who have overdosed.
Two large earthquakes struck Türkiye on the 6th of February 2023, affecting more than 14 million people, around 16% of the population, including more than 45.000 lost and 3.3 million displaced. Considering the current scale of the recent earthquakes in Türkiye, implementing and disseminating evidence-based psychosocial interventions, especially trauma-focused treatment approaches such as Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT), is crucial in order to respond to the increasing mental health needs of the earthquake survivors. Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) is a cognitive behavioral treatment for PTSD consisting of 12 one-hour sessions. CPT is delivered in three phases: education, processing, and challenging. The manualized treatment focuses on challenging beliefs and assumptions related to the trauma, oneself, and the world. Randomized clinical trials have revealed that CPT is an effective treatment for PTSD and other comorbid conditions in a variety of civilian trauma populations.

The study will be designed as a pilot randomized controlled trial, and the potential effectiveness of individual CPT will be tested compared to the Enhanced-Care as Usual (E-CAU) control group. CPT will be implemented on Zoom, which is an online platform with HIPAA compliance. After the baseline assessment, 30 eligible participants will be randomized to two arms: in either the CPT (n =15) or only the control group (E-CAU; n=15). The first session will take place no longer than one week after the pre-intervention assessment. The post-intervention assessment through the same measures will be scheduled six weeks after the pre-intervention assessment (i.e., one week after the 12th CPT session). The follow-up assessment will be conducted one month after the post-assessment. All study participants, including dropouts, will be invited to all outcome assessments. The primary outcome is post-traumatic stress disorder, and the following are the secondary clinical outcomes: symptoms of depression, anxiety, and well-being.
Infants receiving Prevnar13 at 6 weeks, 14 weeks and 9 months. Note: This infant immunization schedule is used in many European countries and in South Africa and has been shown to be immunogenic and effective. However, few head-to-head comparisons of the 2+1 and 3+0 schedules have been conducted.
Improved orthodontic device (selected from arch wires and O-ring arch wire holding bands) comprising Ti-based alloys, Zr-based alloys, plastics or elastomeric materials, has an oxide layer on the external surface of the device so that the friction coefficient of the surface is reduced. A method for reducing the coefficient of friction of at least an external surface of an orthodontic device comprising producing an oxide layer on the surface is also claimed. Pref. the oxide layer contains a metal oxide such as titanium oxide or zirconium oxide. The oxide-coated surface has a friction coefficient of 0.05-0.3 measured against series 300 stainless steel. The friction coefficient is pref. 0.1-0.2. The oxide layer is formed by anodising, ion implantation, plasma coating or sputtering. The anodising can give the surface desired colouring.
Supplemental nutritional support is provided in addition to normal diet during the perioperative period (five days from pre- to postoperative phase). For non-diabetic patients, ENSURE is provided (Abbott; 112.6 g \[12 spoon, 500 kcal\]/day, twice a day); for diabetic patients, GLUCERNA SR is provided (Abbott; 104 g \[12 spoon, 440 kcal\]/day, twice a day).
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the main cause of chronic liver diseases and is now considered a global health problem. NAFLD is a spectrum of diseases ranging from simple hepatic steatosis (NAFL) to non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). Over time, NAFLD may progress to cirrhosis and ultimately to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The gold-standard for diagnosis is liver biopsy that allows to discriminate different types of steatosis, characterized by the accumulation of lipid droplets of different sizes in hepatocytes, with the largest droplets associated with the development of fibrosis and the severity of the disease. Future studies are needed to identify non- invasive diagnostic approaches alternative to liver biopsy. NAFLD is not considered a "hepato-centric" condition anymore. Bi-directional metabolic and immune lanes of communication with other organs, such as the gut, have been decoded. Gut dysbiosis, increased gut permeability and bacterial translocation within portal circulation have been reported in NAFLD, suggesting that the gut-liver axis represents a source of systemic and hepatic inflammation.

Many studies suggest that platelets may be the link between gut and liver dysfunction. Beyond their role in hemostasis platelets can sense PAMPs and DAMPs and actively participate in the inflammatory response and in tissue remodeling, by releasing bioactive molecules and by interacting with leukocytes. Gut-derived metabolites and bacterial endotoxins promote platelet hyper-reactivity and recent studies point to an important role of platelets in regulating chronic liver inflammation. Platelet-derived cytokines, such as TGF-β, PDGF-β and CXCL4 promote hepatic fibrosis, and platelet count has been used as a surrogate marker of liver fibrosis FIB-4 index). Platelet number and platelet aggregates are increased in liver sinusoids of NASH patients and colocalise with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). In mice it was shown that platelet colonization of the liver is a critical step for the recruitment of CD8+ T cells and NKT cells, which drive NASH progression through the release of cytokines and the metabolic reprogramming of hepatocytes. In humans, inhibition of platelets with a combination of aspirin and clopidogrel has been shown to reduce the development of NASH and subsequent progression to cirrhosis and HCC. Mechanistic insights suggest that the role of platelets in NAFLD progression is mediated through the interaction with immune cells.
Respiratory depression is the primary risk of EXALGO. Respiratory depression, if not immediately recognized and treated, may lead to respiratory arrest and death. Respiratory depression from opioids is manifested by a reduced urge to breathe and a decreased rate of respiration, often associated with a “sighing” pattern of breathing (deep breaths separated by abnormally long pauses). Carbon dioxide (CO2) retention from opioid-induced respiratory depression can exacerbate the sedating effects of opioids. Management of respiratory depression may include close observation, supportive measures, and use of opioid antagonists, depending on the patient’s clinical status [see Overdosage (10)].

While serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression can occur at any time during the use of EXALGO, the risk is greatest during the initiation of therapy or following a dose increase. Closely monitor patients for respiratory depression when initiating therapy with EXALGO and following dose increases. Instruct patients against use by individuals other than the patient for whom EXALGO was prescribed and to keep EXALGO out of the reach of children, as such inappropriate use may result in fatal respiratory depression.

To reduce the risk of respiratory depression, proper dosing and titration of EXALGO are essential [see Dosage and Administration (2.1, 2.2)]. Overestimating the EXALGO dose when converting patients from another opioid product can result in fatal overdose with the first dose. Respiratory depression has also been reported with use of modified-release opioids when used as recommended and not misused or abused.

To further reduce the risk of respiratory depression, consider the following:

  * Proper dosing and titration are essential and EXALGO should be prescribed only by healthcare professionals who are knowledgeable in the use of potent opioids for the management of chronic pain.
  * EXALGO is for use in opioid-tolerant patients only. Ingestion of EXALGO may cause fatal respiratory depression when administered to patients not already tolerant to opioids.
  * Instruct patients to swallow EXALGO tablets intact. The tablets are not to be crushed, dissolved, or chewed. The resulting hydromorphone dose may be fatal.
  * EXALGO is contraindicated in patients with respiratory depression and in patients with conditions that increase the risk of life-threatening respiratory depression [see Contraindications (4)].
Breast cancer is the most common cancer and a leading cause of death in women in Saudi Arabia. P16 is a tumour suppressor gene that plays a crucial role in regulating cell cycle. Several studies have investigated the significance of p16 expression in various cancer types. However, the significance of p16 in breast cancer remains controversial and insufficiently studied. The present study aims to examine the association between p16 expression and clinicopathological factors in breast cancer using immunohistochemistry staining. The study utilised 475 prospectively collected tissue samples from 475 women with breast cancer in Saudi Arabia. Nuclear and cytoplasmic immunohistochemical staining of p16 was observed in 338 (71%) of the cases and showed significant direct associations with adverse tumour features, including high tumour grade (p < 0.0001), negative oestrogen receptor/progesterone receptor status (p < 0.001), and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.02). Our study revealed a significant association between p16 protein expression and the established negative prognostic parameters in breast carcinoma including tumour grade, lymph node metastasis, and oestrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status.
The invention discloses interleukin-2 fusion proteins and uses thereof. The present invention generally relates to fusion proteins of immunoglobulins and interleukin-2 (IL-2). More particularly, the invention concerns fusion proteins of immunoglobulins and mutant IL-2 that exhibit improved properties for use as therapeutic agents, e.g. in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. In addition, the present invention relates to polynucleotides encoding such fusion proteins, and vectors and host cells comprising such polynucleotides. The invention further relates to methods for producing the fusion proteins of the invention, and to methods of using them in the treatment of disease.
The present invention relates to a breast treating medicine for radically treating mastitis, tuberculosis of breast, hyperplasia of breast,breast tumor and breast cancer. The formula of the medicine comprises the main components: dahurian angelica, olibanum, myrrh, musk, dandelion, angelica, weeping forsythia capsule, fried glycyrrhiza, honeysuckle flower and the like. The breast treating medicine has efficiency of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, clearing heat, detoxicating, eliminating swelling and relieving pain, and particularly has high treating effect and short treating period in treating diseases including breast cancer, and the like. The breast treating medicine has the functions of promoting blood flow but not damaging the blood, regulating qi but not exhausting qi, generating new blood, promoting tissue regeneration, enhancing immunological functions and increasing recovering functions. The breast treating medicine inhibits and kills cancer cells to achieve the effects of resisting and curing disease. Generally speaking, people can recover after taking the medicine for 7 to 28 days, and the effective rate can reach 98%.