anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
NEW MATERIAL:The compound of formula I {a is 0-2; b is 0-4; R<1> is 1-4C monohydroxyalkyl, dihydroxyalkyl, group of formula II (R<2> and R<3> are 1-4C alkyl) or formula III [c and d are 1-4; X is O or N-R<4> (R<4> is H or 1-3C alkyl)]}. USE:A medicine. An antibacterial agent. It is soluble in a number of solvents, exhibits strong antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and acid-fast bacteria and has low toxicity. It can be used as a production raw material for a novel rifamycin derivative of formula IV having strong antibacterial activity. It is administered daily for adults at a rate of 10mg-10g of the active component. PREPARATION:The compound of formula I can be produced by reacting rifamycin O or S with an o-aminophenol compound of formula V in an organic solvent such as benzene to obtain an intermediate, substituting the solvent with another organic solvent such as methanol and reacting the intermediate in the presence of an oxidizing agent such as MnO2.
One-to-one semi-structured interviews will be conducted with patients with confirmed prior COVID-19 infection who are scheduled to receive care in the UHS COVID follow-up clinics. Interviews will be conducted before attending the first clinic appointment (baseline) and after discharge from the clinic (at 12 weeks).
This project aims to verify the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on exercise capacity of children and adolescents with severe asthma therapy-resistant (STRA). A randomized, controlled, crossover clinical trial will be conducted. Children and adolescents between 6 and 18 years old, with a diagnosis of STRA, will be included in the study. Patients wil be recruited in the São Lucas Hospital (HSL) Asthma Outpatient Clinic of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul. Patients who accept to participate in the study will perform a medical consultation according to routine outpatient asthma clinic, anthropometric evaluation and pulmonary function tests. Afterwards, they will be randomized into control and intervention groups. Participants in the intervention group will use noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in CPAP mode with 10cmH2O of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 0.21, for a period of 40 minutes. Participants in the control group will use NIV (CPAP), with a minimum PEEP of 1cmH20 and a FiO2 of 0.21 also for 40 minutes. Afterwards, patients from both groups will perform a maximum cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). A sample size of 18 individuals to be included in the study was estimated. The variables studied will be maximal oxygen consumption and the anaerobic threshold (that measures exercise capacity), distance and time (to measure exercise tolerance), peripheral oxygen saturation, peak expiratory flow and the sensation of dyspnea at the end of the CPET.
AIM 3: Determine if an RMM can continuously assess the status of taking a prescribed dose of methadone over time. To complete this aim, the pharmacokinetic profile of a witnessed methadone dose will be assessed in ISF continuously from the surface of the skin using the RMM for up to 12 hours (Aim 3a) and over 3 days (Aim 3b). Methadone metabolites will also be assessed over these three time points in the continuously collected ISF samples using LC-MS. The Investigators hypothesize that a clinician can recognize a dose taken and the methadone metabolites from the RMM generated measurements in the ISF.
Disclosed are highly stable compositions having outstanding storage stability and/or demonstrating exceptional resistance to aqueous degradation, the composition including an orally active nucleotide analogue or an orally active nucleotide analogue prodrug, which is orally bioavailable, such as adefovir dipivoxil and tenofovir disoproxil. In particular molecular dispersions of adefovir dipivoxil in copovidone are disclosed. For example, when a composition of the invention is stored for 1 month or for 18 months at 25 Â° C and 60% relative humidity, its orally active nucleotide analogue or orally active nucleotide analogue prodrug degrades to provide a composition containing no more than 0. 2% or no more than 0. 7% by weight of a less orally bioavailable impurity, respectively. Also disclosed are a container/closure package system including the composition and a package insert and methods of manufacturing the composition and treating a patient for a disease or condition, for example, a viral disease or cancer, with the use of the composition.
BACKGROUND: The phase III GIM2 trial showed improved disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) with adjuvant dose-dense (DD) as compared with standard-interval (SI) chemotherapy in women with node-positive early-stage breast cancer (BC). This exploratory analysis aimed to investigate the benefit of different schedules according to body mass index (BMI) in this trial.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This analysis explored the efficacy, in terms of DFS and OS, of different chemotherapy schedules according to BMI. Univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for relevant prognostic factors, were used.
RESULTS: Out of 2091 patients enrolled, 1925 with known baseline BMI were randomized in the DD versus SI comparison and therefore included in this analysis: 31.6% were overweight and 19.3% obese. Overweight and obesity were significantly associated with postmenopausal status, pT >2, and pN >2 tumors. After a median follow-up of 15.0 years (interquartile range 8.4-16.3 years), multivariable Cox survival models demonstrated no association of different BMI categories on DFS [adjusted hazard ratio (adjHR) 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80-1.15 and adjHR 1.11, 95% CI 0.91-1.35 for overweight and obese patients, respectively, compared to patients with normal BMI] or OS (adjHR 0.90, 95% CI 0.71-1.14 and adjHR 1.18, 95% CI 0.92-1.52 for overweight and obese patients, respectively). No significant interaction was found between BMI and treatment schedule in terms of DFS (Pfor interaction = 0.56) or OS (Pfor interaction = 0.19). The survival benefit of DD chemotherapy was observed irrespective of different BMI categories, with a more pronounced benefit for overweight and obese patients.
CONCLUSION: In node-positive BC patients, DD schedule should be considered the preferred schedule irrespective of BMI.
Risk Summary

The data on pregnancy exposure are insufficient to inform on drug-associated risk. Monoclonal antibodies, such as mepolizumab, are transported across the placenta in a linear fashion as pregnancy progresses; therefore, potential effects on a fetus are likely to be greater during the second and third trimester of pregnancy. In a prenatal and postnatal development study conducted in cynomolgus monkeys, there was no evidence of fetal harm with IV administration of mepolizumab throughout pregnancy at doses that produced exposures up to approximately 9 times the exposure at the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 300 mg subcutaneous (see Data).

In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.

Clinical Considerations

Disease-Associated Maternal and/or Embryofetal Risk: In women with poorly or moderately controlled asthma, evidence demonstrates that there is an increased risk of preeclampsia in the mother and prematurity, low birth weight, and small for gestational age in the neonate. The level of asthma control should be closely monitored in pregnant women and treatment adjusted as necessary to maintain optimal control.

Data

Animal Data: In a prenatal and postnatal development study, pregnant cynomolgus monkeys received mepolizumab from gestation Days 20 to 140 at doses that produced exposures up to approximately 9 times that achieved with the MRHD (on an AUC basis with maternal IV doses up to 100 mg/kg once every 4 weeks). Mepolizumab did not elicit adverse effects on fetal or neonatal growth (including immune function) up to 9 months after birth. Examinations for internal or skeletal malformations were not performed. Mepolizumab crossed the placenta in cynomolgus monkeys. Concentrations of mepolizumab were approximately 2.4 times higher in infants than in mothers up to Day 178 postpartum. Levels of mepolizumab in milk were ≤0.5% of maternal serum concentration.

In a fertility, early embryonic, and embryofetal development study, pregnant CD-1 mice received an analogous antibody, which inhibits the activity of murine interleukin-5 (IL-5), at an IV dose of 50 mg/kg once per week throughout gestation. The analogous antibody was not teratogenic in mice. Embryofetal development of IL-5–deficient mice has been reported to be generally unaffected relative to wild-type mice.
Techniques disclosed herein relate to automatic pan-tilt-zoom adjustment to improve vital sign acquisition. In various embodiments, a vital sign acquisition camera (176) operable to pan, tilt, and zoom ("PTZ") may capture (402) an image of a patient (100). The image may be analyzed (404) to detect a depicted position of the patient within an image coordinate space of the image. A desired position of the patient within the image coordinate space of the image may determined (406), and a difference in the image coordinate space between the depicted position and the desired position may be calculated (408). The difference may then be mapped (410) from the image coordinate space to a PTZ space. One or more PTZ parameters of the vital sign acquisition camera may be altered (412) based on the mapping. After altering the one or more PTZ parameters, the vital sign acquisition camera may acquire (414) one or more vital signs from the patient.
Listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular bacterial pathogen that elicits a strong cellular immune response following infection and therefore has potential use as a vaccine vector. However, while infections by L. monocytogenes are fairly rare and can readily be controlled by a number of antibiotics, the organism can nevertheless cause meningitis and death, particularly in immunocompromised or pregnant patients. We therefore have endeavored to isolate a highly attenuated strain of this organism for use as a vaccine vector. D-Alanine is required for the synthesis of the mucopeptide component of the cell walls of virtually all bacteria and is found almost exclusively in the microbial world. We have found in L. monocytogenes two genes that control the synthesis of this compound, an alanine racemase gene (dal) and a D-amino acid aminotransferase gene (dat). By inactivating both genes, we produced an organism that could be grown in the laboratory when supplemented with D-alanine but was unable to grow outside the laboratory, particularly in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic host cells, the natural habitat of this organism during infection. In mice, the double-mutant strain was completely attenuated. Nevertheless, it showed the ability, particularly under conditions of transient suppression of the mutant phenotype, to induce cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses and to generate protective immunity against lethal challenge by wild-type L. monocytogenes equivalent to that induced by the wild-type organism.
Obtaining informed consent before performing an invasive medical procedure or treatment is a crucial component of patient care. The manner in which the consent process is conducted impacts the doctor/patient relationship, patient safety and patient satisfaction. Many times, patients sign consent forms without reading or understanding them. Although the form has been signed, true informed consent has not been obtained. While there are many variables that impact the ability to truly consent, ineffective communication between the patient and health care providers hampers the process.

Evidence shows that improving the consent process by ensuring effective communication between the child's parent and health care team affords substantial benefit. A consent process well done strengthens the parent-provider relationship. It positively impacts risk management. It improves patient safety. It diffuses would-be litigants by helping parents have realistic expectations of care. The consent process should allow and encourage parents to exercise both their right and their responsibility to take an active role in their child's health care.
BACKGROUND: Endoscopic approach has come up as a safe and feasible procedure for thyroidectomy with better cosmetic outcomes. However, concerns over its safety in terms of nerve injury and postoperative voice changes remain. This prospective study evaluated the role of vocal cord function assessment using laryngeal examination and voice analysis in patients who underwent endoscopic hemithyroidectomy either by the trans-oral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) or the bilateral axillobreast approach (BABA).
METHODS: Thirty-nine consecutive patients were randomly allocated to either of the 2 groups of endoscopic hemithyroidectomy; 19 in TOETVA and 20 in the BABA groups. Vocal cord function was assessed subjectively using the GRBAS scale and objectively by acoustic analysis of parameters such as jitter, shimmer, mean frequency (F 0 ), noise-to-harmonic ratio (NHR), and maximum phonatory time (MPT) at baseline, postoperative day 10, and 3 months after surgery.
RESULTS: There were no significant differences in mean GRBAS scores and values of mean frequency, jitter and shimmer between the 2 groups and on postoperative day 10 and at 3 months compared with baseline. The mean NHR and MPT showed no differences between the 2 procedures. However, there was a significant decrease in their values on day 10 postsurgery, compared with baseline. These values returned to their baseline at 3 months. The other operative parameters were comparable between the 2 groups, except for the shorter mean operative time in the TOETVA group.
CONCLUSIONS: Perioperative quantitative voice parameters were comparable with no statistically significant difference between the 2 techniques of endoscopic thyroidectomy.
Although hyperactivity is associated with a wide variety of neurodevelopmental disorders, the early embryonic origins of locomotion have hindered investigation of pathogenesis of these debilitating behaviors. The earliest motor output in vertebrate animals is generated by clusters of early-born motor neurons (MNs) that occupy distinct regions of the spinal cord, innervating stereotyped muscle groups. Gap junction electrical synapses drive early spontaneous behavior in zebrafish, prior to the emergence of chemical neurotransmitter networks. We use a genetic model of hyperactivity to gain critical insight into the consequences of errors in motor circuit formation and function, finding that Fragile X syndrome model mutant zebrafish are hyperexcitable from the earliest phases of spontaneous behavior, show altered sensitivity to blockade of electrical gap junctions, and have increased expression of the gap junction protein Connexin 34/35. We further show that this hyperexcitable behavior can be rescued by pharmacological inhibition of electrical synapses. We also use functional imaging to examine MN and interneuron (IN) activity in early embryogenesis, finding genetic disruption of electrical gap junctions uncouples activity between mnx1 + MNs and INs. Taken together, our work highlights the importance of electrical synapses in motor development and suggests that the origins of hyperactivity in neurodevelopmental disorders may be established during the initial formation of locomotive circuits.
A system for providing a report on vascular health of a user is disclosed. The system includes a toilet with a bowl adapted to receive excreta from the user and a processor. The toilet includes a seat with weight and PPG sensors. BCG data is derived from the weight sensor data. PPG data is derived from the PPG sensor. The processor performs a comparison of the data from the weight sensor and the data from the PPG sensor and preexisting data in a database. The processor then generates a report on the user's vascular health based on the comparison.
INTRODUCTION: Acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain is a common presenting symptom in surgical patients, with a wide range of differentials, particularly in premenopausal females. This study explores ultrasound usage in the management of women aged 16-55 years presenting with RIF pain.
METHODS: A total of 1,082 patients who presented to a tertiary hospital over 12 months were included. Data were collected from patients' electronic records, including initial clinical impression, imaging, management, operative findings, histology and subsequent hospital attendances within 6 weeks and within 6 months.
RESULTS: Following clinical assessment, 607 (56%) of patients underwent an ultrasound. Of these, 280 (25.9%) patients received no radiological imaging on initial presentation, and 252 (42%) had pathology identified on ultrasound. The most common finding was an ovarian cyst, closely followed by unexplained free pelvic fluid. Of the 607 patients scanned, 29 (4.8%) had an ultrasound diagnosis of appendicitis; 254 of 1,082 (23.5%) patients underwent operative management. Of the 254 patients who had surgery, 179 (70.5%) had preoperative imaging. Of the 29 (11.4%) cases where the intraoperative finding was gynaecological, 15 (51.7%) cases had not had any preoperative imaging. The negative appendicectomy rate was 21.3% (45/211). Of the 45 patients who had a histologically normal appendix, 22 (48.9%) had not had any previous imaging. Ultrasound had a specificity of 78% for diagnosing appendicitis.
CONCLUSIONS: In patients who underwent operative management, a negative finding or finding not requiring surgical management was associated with no preoperative imaging. This supports the use of ultrasound scans as an adjunct in a multimodal approach to the assessment of women presenting with RIF pain.
Pain is a major problem during the postoperative period and can be considered as a challenge for the anesthesiologist. Low dose intrathecal morphine is proven efficient as a mode to reduce postoperative pain in many surgical areas including Caesarean delivery. Morphine has many complications namely pruritus, and post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The other risk factors for the development of PONV include female gender, non-smoker status, general anesthesia with inhalational anesthetics and surgical factors (duration and type of surgery). The supplementation of morphine, however raises the occurrences of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in these patient To tackle this problem, the investigators have to use the combination therapy of antiemetics like a serotonin receptor antagonist of either intravenous (IV) ondansetron or granisetron with IV dexamethasone is administered after the administration of intrathecal morphine. Dopamine receptor antagonists e.g. droperidol and metoclopramide are commonly used, but they carry the risk of extrapyramidal symptoms.
An intervention that includes a proactive telehealth intervention combining evidence-based smoking cessation counseling augmented with behavioral approaches for coping with pain, and nightly Interactive Voice Response (IVR) calls. Veterans in PASS-IVR will also be offered 12-weeks of pharmacotherapy (e.g., NRT patches and one of two rescue methods such as nicotine lozenge or gum or varenicline) via telemedicine consult. The NRT dose and delivery route will be tailored to the number of cigarettes smoked per day (using an established protocol).
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine sulfate (HCQ) in the treatment of low risk phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R)-associated membranous nephropathy (MN).
METHODS: A total of 110 patients with low risk PLA2R-associated MN were included in the study. Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were assigned randomly to two groups: the HCQ treatment group and the control group. The control group received standard supportive treatment according to the guidelines, while the HCQ treatment group received HCQ in addition to the supportive treatment. The clinical data of the patients were analyzed, with comparisons made at baseline and during the six-month follow-up period. Any adverse reactions were recorded.
RESULTS: The baseline data were comparable between the HCQ treatment group and the control group. At the end of the six-month follow-up period, the reductions in urine protein excretion and serum PLA2R antibody titer were more notable in the HCQ treatment group than those in the control group, with these differences being statistically significant (p < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the HCQ treatment group had fewer patients who were converted from low risk to moderate-to-high risk (p = 0.084). There were also no severe adverse reactions in the HCQ treatment group.
CONCLUSION: In patients with low risk PLA2R-associated MN, adequate supportive therapy combined with HCQ is superior to supportive therapy alone in controlling proteinuria and reducing serum PLA2R antibody titers. Additionally, our study demonstrated that the incidence of adverse reactions did not increase.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration No.: ChiCTR1900021757, Date of registration: 2019-03-08).
Subject plasma is withdrawn during 4 plasmapheresis collections, in the range of 625 - 800 mL per collection, a total of approximately 2500 - 3200 mL, depending on subject's weight and hematocrit, to allow re-infusion with 4 units of autologous FrontlineODP and 4 units of autologous control PF24. Subjects will receive in total 8 units of plasma over the course of 2 infusion visits. Subjects randomized to Arm 3 will receive 4 units of FrontlineODP during the first infusion visit, and following a 14 day washout period, they would receive 4 units of PF24 during a second visit.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most cancer-related death worldwide. In recent years, probiotics have been used to reduce the potential risks of CRC and tumors with various mechanisms. Different bacteria have been suggested to play different roles in the progression, prevention, or treatment of CRC. Akkermansia muciniphila is considered a next-generation probiotic for preventing and treating some diseases. Therefore, in this review article, we aimed to describe and discuss different mechanisms of A. muciniphila as an intestinal microbiota or probiotic in CRC. Some studies suggested that the abundance of A. muciniphila was higher or increased in CRC patients compared to healthy individuals. However, the decreased abundance of A. muciniphila was associated with severe symptoms of CRC, indicating that A. muciniphila did not play a role in the development of CRC. In addition, A. muciniphila administration elevates gene expression of proliferation-associated molecules such as S100A9, Dbf4, and Snrpd1, or markers for cell proliferation. Some other studies suggested that inflammation and tumorigenesis in the intestine might promoted by A. muciniphila. Overall, the role of A. muciniphila in CRC development or inhibition is still unclear and controversial. Various methods of bacterial supplementation, such as viability, bacterial number, and abundance, could all influence the colonization effect of A. muciniphila administration and CRC progression. Overall, A. mucinipila has been revealed to modulate the therapeutic potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Preliminary human data propose that oral consumption of A. muciniphila is safe, but its efficacy needs to be confirmed in more human clinical studies.