anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
AIMS: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the impact of the bicaval technique versus the biatrial technique (by Lower and Shumway) in paediatric heart transplant patients. Only a few studies investigate this matter regarding the long-term outcome after paediatric heart transplantation. We compared the two surgical methods regarding survival, the necessity of pacemaker implantation.
METHODS AND RESULTS: All 134 patients (aged <18 years) - (group-1) biatrial (n = 84), versus (group-2) bicaval (n = 50), who underwent heart transplantation between October 1988 and December 2021, were analysed. Freedom from events were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Potential differences were analysed using the log rank test and Cox proportional hazard models. Mean ± standard deviation: Bypass time (per minutes) was higher in the group 1 as compared with group 2 (P = 0.050). Survival was not significantly different (P = 0.604) in either groups. Eighteen patients required permanent pacemaker implantation in the group 1 and only one patient required it in the group 2 (P = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Paediatric heart transplantation using bicaval technique results similar long-term survival compared with the biatrial technique. The incidence of atrial rhythm disorders was significantly higher in the biatrial group, requiring a higher frequency of pacemaker implantation in this group. As a results, the bicaval technique has replaced the biatrial technique in our centre.
It is hypothesized that the intervention will be more effective than the enhanced standard care control condition (on-unit NRT with self-help brochure) in producing biochemically verified abstinence from cigarettes at 3-, 6-, 12-, and 18-months follow up. Additionally, intervention participants will exhibit greater stage progression, commitment to abstinence, and delay in relapse to smoking following hospital discharge, factors predictive of future success with quitting smoking. Smoking cessation treatments have been shown to be highly cost-effective with the general population of smokers, and cost is likely to be a consideration in efforts to incorporate additional services into an inpatient psychiatric setting. Therefore, a secondary specific aim is to model the cost-effectiveness of the smoking cessation intervention. Intervention efficacy will be examined in a university-based psychiatric inpatient unit. A smaller pilot study will examine translation of the intervention to a county hospital serving a more diversified patient population.
Objective: To evaluate the post-hysterectomy vault prolapse (PHVP) rates performed using different methods of vaginal total hysterectomy (VTH).

Methods: A computer search identified a total of 251 women who underwent VTH with/without concomitant surgeries between January 1986 and December 2001 in a single center. Thirty-eight women were excluded due to not only a vaginal approach. Of the remaining 213 women, 129 and 84 underwent VTH via the Tsuzi method with residual uterine ligament ligation (ligations group) and traditional VTH (without ligations group), respectively. The χ2 and Mann-Whitney U tests were applied to compare the data. The cumulative percentages of women without PHVP were calculated over time and compared using Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Standard Intravenous Insulin Infusion Algorithm consists of four levels (Algorithm 1-3 and a doubling of the insulin rate). Most patients begin in algorithm 1, where the insulin rate varies from 0.2 units per hour for BG in the range 70-109 mg/dl up to 6 units/hr for BG \> 360 mg/dl. If algorithm 1 fails to bring the patient's BG into target range in 2 hrs, then the patient is moved up to algorithm 2, where the insulin rate varies from 0.5 to 12 units/hr; and if that fails, the patient moved up to algorithm 3, where insulin rate varies from 1 to 16 units/hr depending on the latest BG. Algorithm failure is a blood glucose outside the target range for 2 hrs, and the blood glucose does not decrease by at least 60 mg/dl within 1 hr. If algorithm 3 fails, the insulin rate is doubled.
Hemorrhagic shock is a leading cause of death in both civilian and battlefield trauma. Currently available medical monitors provide the capabilities to measure standard vital signs that are often imprecise, subjective, intermittent and inconsistent. More importantly, the appearance of hypotension and other signs and symptoms of shock represent a point in time when it may be too late to apply effective lifesaving interventions. Understanding the physiological signals that provide the best indicators of blood volume loss and impending circulatory failure is critical to bridging the capability gap of identifying the need for early intervention. Under a previous BAMC IRB-approved protocol, we used lower body negative pressure (LBNP) as an experimental model of central hypovolemia to simulate progressive blood loss that results in hemodynamic instability (e.g., hypotension, tachycardia, presyncopal symptoms) in conscious, healthy human subjects. From data collected within this original protocol, we now understand that arterial waveforms (either blood pressure or pulse oximetry) are important variables associated with hypovolemia. Feature extraction and machine learning techniques were applied to these previously collected data and an algorithm was developed called Compensatory Reserve Index (CRI) which was designed to reflect progressive blood loss and decreasing stroke volume. This algorithm was installed in a pulse oximeter in which the photo-plethysmographic waveform (PPG) was used to calculate the CRI. Using this CRI Pulse oximeter, a pretrial study of 24 subjects indicated a high correlation in trending of blood volume loss (DOD study at Mayo Clinic) and a mean correlation of 0.96 when comparing CRI to stroke volume (LBNP at AISR Laboratory). The work proposed herein will validate those findings. During each experiment each test subject will wear 4 FDA cleared pulse oximeters which transmit PPG data to an off-the-shelf handheld tablet (meets military specs) which will calculate and display the CRI value. The subjects will also wear 2 FDA cleared Nexfin hemodynamic monitors that display stroke volume. LBNP will be used to produce progressive central hypovolemia in healthy human subjects until the point of hemodynamic decompensation (presyncope). This approach will validate the correlation of CRI to stroke volume.
The first phase of the study is observational. Oxygen use time of patients with chronic respiratory failure under long term oxygen therapy will be objectively measured using a electronic remote monitoring device (TeleOx™) over 15 days. The actual use time will be compared to their oxygen prescription.

Participants whose actual time of use will be less than prescribed will be offered an intervention which will consist of a presentation of the adherence record. The participant will also be asked about the presence of possible barriers concerning the use of oxygen therapy. The collaborator in charge of home visits will attempt to resolve these barriers as much as possible. Only participants with an actual time of use less than prescribed will be offered this intervention and will continue the monitoring over a period of 15 additional days.
FIELD: cosmetology. SUBSTANCE: cation monobenzene nitroanilines with at least one cation, which is displaced on unsaturable polynitrogen-containing heterocycle with five links, are used as direct colors for coloring keratin substances, particularly, man's hair. Invention also deals with coloring composition which is used for direct coloring of keratin fibers, particularly, hair. Proposed coloring compositions possess higher coloring ability and wide spectrum of coloring, higher stability to various aggressive actions to which hair may be subjected. Nitroanilines, according to invention, have better solubility in classic media, and they are easily synthesized. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 13 cl, 23 tbl, 18 ex
OBJECTIVE: High serum IgA and low serum C3 levels resulting from lectin and alternative pathway activation might be related to IgA nephropathy (IgAN) progression and exacerbation. This study examined whether the serum IgA/C3 ratio can serve as an IgAN progression marker.
METHODS: (1) This nationwide multicenter retrospective study in Japan included 718 patients with biopsy-confirmed IgAN. The patients whose serum creatinine levels at the time of renal biopsy had doubled were defined as having disease progression. (2) Furthermore, to investigate the pathological significance of a reduction in serum IgA/C3 ratio, we reviewed 63 patients whose serum IgA and C3 data at the end of the observation period were obtained.
RESULTS: (1) A Kaplan-Meier analysis of the patients with IgAN revealed that the group with a high serum IgA/C3 (≥ 3.3) had a significantly worse renal outcome. In a multivariate analysis of eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min per 1.73m2 at the time of biopsy, poor renal outcome was significantly predicted by a serum IgA/C3 ratio of ≥ 3.3. (2) A 15% reduction in the change of serum IgA/C3 ratio was associated with a significantly higher percentage of complete remission of proteinuria. Among the four groups divided by treatment, both the serum IgA/C3 ratio and proteinuria were reduced only in the tonsillectomy and steroid pulse group.
CONCLUSION: The serum IgA/C3 level might reflect the disease activity and be a potent surrogate marker of therapeutic efficacy in patients with IgAN.
Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) serves as an intracellular nucleic acid sensor that predominantly detects double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) within the cells. This detection initiates the assembly of inflammasome and activates the inflammasome signaling cascade, resulting in the production of inflammatory mediators and the cleavage of Gasdermins. Consequently, these processes culminate in inflammatory responses and pyroptotic cell death. AIM2 plays a pivotal role in modulating inflammation and tumorigenesis, functioning through both inflammasome-dependent and independent mechanisms. Its influence on the host immune response is dual-faceted, exhibiting both promotive and inhibitory effects in the contexts of inflammation and tumors. These effects are predominantly contingent upon the specific cell type expressing AIM2 and the nature of the host's disease. This article seeks to review the latest advancements in understanding the cell-specific functions of AIM2 in inflammation and tumorigenesis, with the objective of offering insights for further research on AIM2 and informing the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for clinical application.
Acrylate-terminated poly(beta-amino esters) are cross-linked to form materials useful in the medical as well as non-medical field. The polymeric starting material is combined with a free radical initiator, either a thermal initiator or a photoinitiator, and the mixture for cross-linking is heated or exposed to light depending on the initiator used. The resulting materials due to the hydrolysable ester bond in the polymer backbone are biodegradable under physiological conditions. These cross-linked materials are particular useful as drug delivery vehicles, tissue engineering scaffolds, and in fabricating microdevices. The materials may also be used as plastics, coating, adhesives, inks, etc. The cross-linked materials prepared exhibit a wide range of degradation times, mass loss profiles, and mechanical properties. Therefore, the properties of the material may be tuned for the desired use. The high-throughput approach to preparing a library of cross-linked poly(beta-amino esters) allows for the rapid screening and design of degradable polymers for a variety of applications.
BACKGROUND: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for many deaths. They are associated with several modifiable and metabolic risk factors and are therefore prone to significant regional variations on different scales. However, only few intra-urban studies examined spatial variation in NCDs and its association with social circumstances, especially in Germany. Thus, the present study aimed to identify associations of personal risk factors and local social conditions with NCDs in a large German city.
METHODS: This study is based on a population-based cohort of the Hamburg City Health Study including 10,000 probands. Six NCDs were analyzed (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], coronary heart disease [CHD], diabetes mellitus, heart failure, depression, and hypertension) in 68 city district clusters. As risk factors, we considered socio-demographic variables (age, sex, education) and risk behaviour variables (smoking, alcohol consumption). Logistic regression analyses identified associations between the district clusters and the prevalence rates for each NCD. Regional variation was detected by Gini coefficients and spatial cluster analyses. Local social condition indexes were correlated with prevalence rates of NCDs on city district level and hot-spot analyses were performed for significant high or low values.
RESULTS: The analyses included 7,308 participants with a mean age of 63.1 years (51.5% female). The prevalence of hypertension (67.6%) was the highest. Risk factor associations were identified between smoking, alcohol consumption and education and the prevalence of NCDs (hypertension, diabetes, and COPD). Significant regional variations were detected and persisted after adjusting for personal risk factors. Correlations for prevalence rates with the local social conditions were significant for hypertension (r = 0.294, p < 0.02), diabetes (r = 0.259, p = 0.03), and COPD (r = 0.360, p < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: The study shows that regional differences in NCD prevalence persist even after adjusting for personal risk factors. This highlights the central role of both personal socio-economic status and behaviors such as alcohol and tobacco consumption. It also highlights the importance of other potential regional factors (e.g. the environment) in shaping NCD prevalence. This knowledge helps policy- and decision-makers to develop intervention strategies.
Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is widely used in the sedation in intensive care units and as an anesthetic adjunct. Considering the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Dex, we applied in vivo rat model as well as in vitro cardiomyocyte models (embryonic rat cardiomyocytes H9c2 cells and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, NRCMs) to evaluate the effects of Dex against myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. Transcriptomic sequencing for gene expression in heart tissues from control rats and Dex-treated rats identified that genes related to fatty acid metabolism were significantly regulated by Dex. Among these genes, the elongation of long-chain fatty acids (ELOVL) family member 6 (Elovl6) was most increased upon Dex-treatment. By comparing the effects of Dex on both wild type and Elovl6-knockdown H9c2 cells and NRCMs under oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) challenge, we found that Elovl6 knockdown attenuated the protection efficiency of Dex, which was supported by the cytotoxicity endpoints (cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase release) and apoptosis as well as key gene expressions. These results indicate that Dex exhibited the protective function against myocardial I/R injury via fatty acid metabolism pathways and Elovl6 plays a key role in the process, which was further confirmed using palmitate exposure in both cells, as well as in an in vivo rat model. Overall, this study systematically evaluates the protective effects of Dex on the myocardial I/R injury and provides better understanding on the fatty acid metabolism underlying the beneficial effects of Dex.
A passive solid tumor targeting anticancer prodrug and a method for its preparation are disclosed. The prodrug is a conjugate of pectin and adriamycin which has a particle size of 100-200nm, a melting point of 220-245? and a molecular weight of 100000-1000000. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: reacting low molecular pectins of 5000-45000 Mw with adriamycin at 40-60? and pH 5-7 in the presence of EDC·HCl to obtain the conjugate; treating the suspension of the conjugate in an ultra high pressure homogenizer to obtain the desired prodrug. The conjugate is a red-brown solid and insoluble in water. In the conjugate, adriamycin is bound to pectin via an amide bond and the low-molecular pectins are bound via the ester bonds.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composition including hydrogel polymer that is volumetrically expansible in response to protonation and deprotonation of pH sensitivity.  <P>SOLUTION: The hydrogel polymer is prepared by forming a liquid reaction mixture including (a) a monomer and/or polymer at least part of which are/is sensitive to change in pH, (b) a cross-linking agent, and (c) a polymerization initiator. If desired, a porosigen may be incorporated into the liquid reaction mixture to create pores. After hydrogel is formed, the porosigen is removed to create pores in the hydrogel. The hydrogel can further be treated to maintain non-expanded volume till it expands due to change in pH. These hydrogels can be prepared in various forms including pellets, filaments, and particles. Biomedical applications of these hydrogels include applications wherein the hydrogel is implanted in the body of a patient and an environmental condition at the implantation site causes the hydrogel to expand it in situ.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
A cross-sectional study was performed on HIV-1 infected individuals with or without antiretroviral treatment (ARV) at the AIDS Day-Hospital, Botucatu School of Medicine, Unesp. Between August 2004 and October 2005, 73 HIV-1 infected individuals were divided into three groups: G1= 15 infected individuals with or without AIDS who never received ARV; G2= 27 patients on HAART, and plasma HIV-1 RNA viral load (VL) equal or greater than 50 copies/mL and G3= 31 patients on HAART with undetectable VL for at least the past 6 months and a fourth group G4= 20 individuals chosen between blood donors without any disease sign and with negative HIV serum tests (control group). Serum cytokine levels pg/mL (ELISA) and specific mRNA expression by RT-PCR were performed on all four groups for TNF-a, IL-2, INF-g, IL-4 and IL-10. All patients were submitted to VL determination and CD4+ and CD8+T lymphocyte counts. Results analysis showed a significant comparison between groups for both methods and association between them (\>80% - r2\>0.80) with only one exception, in the individuals of control group, for IL-2 by ELISA determination. The cytokine profile for both methods and three patient groups was mature Th-0. The behavior of IL-2 and INF-g must be emphasized with the consequent expression on dominant Th profile. Both methods showed low IL-2 and elevated mean INF-g values in the three patient groups. Several authors have recently drawn attention to the substantial apoptosis of infected and non infected CD4+T cells, mainly during primary infection, persisting only in those with INF-g phenotype producer and not IL-2.
PURPOSE: Despite the combination of chalkboard lectures and cadaveric models, the ear remains a complex anatomical structure that is difficult for medical students to grasp. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of a 3D-printed ear model for educating undergraduate medical students by comparing it with a conventional cadaveric model.
METHODS: Models of the ear comprising the outer ear, tympanic membrane, ossicles and inner ear were modeled and then 3D-printed at 6:1 and 10:1 scales based on cadaveric dissection and CT, cone-beam CT and micro/nano CT scans. Cadaveric models included two partially dissected dry temporal bones and ossicles. Twenty-four 3rd year medical students were given separate access to cadaveric models (n = 12) or 3D-printed models (n = 12). A pre-test and two post-tests were carried out to assess knowledge (n = 24). A satisfaction questionnaire focusing solely on the 3D-printed model, comprising 17 items assessed on a 5-point Likert scale, was completed by all study participants. A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire comprising four items (realism, color, quality and satisfaction with the 3D-printed ear model) was given to three expert anatomy Professors.
RESULTS: The test scores on the first post-test were higher for the students who had used the 3D-printed models (p < 0.05). Overall satisfaction among the students and the experts was very high, averaging 4.7 on a 5-point Likert-type satisfaction scale.
CONCLUSION: This study highlights the overall pedagogical value of a 3D-printed model for learning ear anatomy.
BACKGROUND: Nurses play a crucial role in maintaining the safety of surgical patients. Few nurse staffing studies have looked specifically at surgical patients to examine the impact of exposure to low staffing on patient outcomes.
METHODS: A longitudinal patient analysis was conducted in four organizations in England using routine data from 213 910 admissions to all surgical specialties. Patients' staffing exposures were modelled as counts of understaffed registered nurse and nurse assistant days in the first 5 inpatient days. Understaffing was identified when staffing per patient-day was below the mean for the ward. Cox models were used to examine mortality within 30 days of admission and readmission within 30 days of discharge. Generalized linear models were used to investigate duration of hospital stay and occurrence of hospital-acquired conditions.
RESULTS: Increased exposure to registered nurse understaffing was associated with longer hospital stay and increased risk of deep vein thrombosis, pneumonia, and pressure ulcers. This was also true for nurse assistant understaffing, but the effect sizes tended to be smaller. In the Cox models, there were similarly increased hazards of death for registered nurse understaffing (HR 1.09, 95% c.i. 1.07 to 1.12) and nurse assistant understaffing (HR 1.10, 1.08 to 1.13), whereas the effect size of registered nurse understaffing for readmission (HR 1.02, 1.02 to 1.03) was greater than that seen with nurse assistants (HR 1.01, 1.01 to 1.02).
CONCLUSION: Understaffing by both registered nurses and nursing assistants is associated with increased risks of a range of adverse events, and generally larger effects are seen with registered nurse understaffing.
The present invention relates to a server for providing healthcare record, a providing method for the same, and a program for the same, which are for managing the health of a user. According to the present invention, the server receives a request for browsing a personal health record of a predetermined user from a medical team client, and the personal health record includes health information or medical information. The providing method for the same includes: a step of receiving the request for browsing the personal health record stored in a user application; a step of permitting the personal health record to be browsed by the medical team client by the server in accordance with approval of the user; and a step of completing a browse permission as the medical team stores chart data or as a predetermined time passes by the server. The health record includes at least one among physical information of the user, a family history, and a social history. The chemical information includes at least one among information obtained by hospital treatment and symptom information about symptom of the user. The medical record is added and stored in the chart data in accordance with the control of the medical team after the personal health record of the user is browsed by the medical team client.