anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Elderly patients are at particular risk for prolongation of the PR, QRS, and QT interval; therefore, caution should be exercised and ECG monitoring should be performed when using ANZEMET in this population (see WARNINGS).

In controlled clinical trials in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, 301 (29%) of 1026 patients were 65 years of age or older. Of the 301 geriatric patients in the trial, 282 received oral ANZEMET Tablets. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between geriatric and younger patients, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between geriatric and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.

The pharmacokinetics, including clearance of oral ANZEMET Tablets, in elderly and younger patients are similar (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Pharmacokinetics in Humans). Dosage adjustment is not needed in patients over the age of 65.
Seizure activity is common in patients with primary and metastatic brain tumors, affecting more than 50% of cases over the course of their disease. Several mechanisms contribute to brain tumor-related epilepsy (BTRE), including a pro-inflammatory environment, excessive secretion of glutamate and an increase in neuronal excitatory tone, reduction of GABAergic inhibitory activity, and an increase in 2-hydroxygluturate production in isocitrate dehydrogenase mutant tumors. After a verified seizure in a brain tumor patient, the consensus is that BTRE has developed, and it is necessary to initiate an antiepileptic drug (AED). It is not recommended to initiate AED prophylaxis. Second- and third-generation AEDs are the preferred options for initiation, due to a lack of hepatic enzyme induction and reduced likelihood for drug-drug interactions, especially in regard to neoplastic treatment. The efficacy of appropriate AEDs for patients with BTRE is fairly equivalent, although some data suggests that levetiracetam may be slightly more active in suppressing seizures than other AEDs. The consensus among most Neuro-Oncology providers is to initiate levetiracetam monotherapy after a first seizure in a brain tumor patient, as long as the patient does not have any psychiatric co-morbidities. If levetiracetam is not tolerated well or is ineffective, other appropriate initial AED options for monotherapy or as an add-on anticonvulsant include lacosamide, valproic acid, briviracetam, lamotrigine, and perampanel.
C:\NRPortbJ\DCC\SZPW489512_ .DOC-31/07!2012 Antibodies and method of making antibodies, either monoclonal or polyclonal wherein said antibodies have dual or multi-specific binding capacity to more than one type of antigenic epitope. The antibodies have simultaneous or independent recognition subsites to each of the epitopes. Antigenic epitopes include lipids, peptides, proteins, amino acid sequences, sugars and carbohydrates. Monoclonal antibodies and a method of making monoclonal antibodies of the invention include monoclonal antibodies that are broadly neutralizing to HIV-I or other envelop viruses wherein the monoclonal antibody has subsites that simultaneously recognize protein and lipid epitopes from the virus. 4 0* jF. 6 1
Childhood obesity is recognized as a major public health epidemic in Canada with over 31.5% of all 5- to 17-year-olds being overweight or obese. The etiology of this increase in childhood obesity can be attributed to trends in children's diets that include increasing access to foods high in fats, added sugars, and eating outside the home with routine exposure to large portions of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods. Menu labelling and point-of-purchase nutrition information is a promising potential cost effective public health strategy and utilized in the adult population. In this study, the investigators plan to evaluate the impact of a combination of labelling techniques including attractive characters, descriptive food names and traffic light system on food choices made by children and their parents in an inpatient hospital setting at the Hospital for Sick Children. The investigators will assess patient ordering and consumption patterns before and after the introduction of a revised educational Meal Train menu. A crossover randomized control trial design will be employed to identify changes in fruit and vegetable intake, healthy ("green light") option intake, number of sweetened beverages and energy-dense nutrient-poor ("red light") foods chosen as well as the number of children that meet the Canadian Food Guide (CFG) daily serving recommendations. As a secondary analysis, the investigators will be collecting participant's age, sex and weight-for-age z-score (as defined by the World Health Organization guidelines) to investigate any potential relationships between these variables and food ordering patterns before and after introduction of the proposed educational menu. A questionnaire will also be distributed to assess parent and child perceptions of the revised Meal Train menu. The investigators hypothesize patient ordering and consumption patterns before and after the introduction of a revised educational Meal Train menu will promote healthier food selections. While this type of intervention has been studied in hypothetical restaurants and cafeteria setting, this will be the first study conducted in a hospital setting with pediatric inpatients and their parents.
Subjects will report to the study site for a screening visit followed by 3 visits with a single IP use (Visits 2 to 4) on separate days.There will be at least 1 day between Visits 2, 3 and 4, respectively, where the subjects are allowed ad libitum use of their own nicotine product of choice. Each visit will last one day.
Part 1 will evaluate a dosing schedule for a total of 28 days in each cycle. The starting dose for Cycle 1 will be escalated in the next dose escalation cohort until MTD is reached.
* Ritonavir tablets must be used in combination with other antiretroviral agents.
  * Ritonavir tablets are administered orally. Ritonavir tablets should be swallowed whole, and not chewed, broken or crushed. Take ritonavir tablets with meals.



General Dosing Guidelines   
Patients who take the 600 mg twice daily soft gel capsule ritonavir dose may experience more gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain or diarrhea when switching from the soft gel capsule to the tablet formulation because of greater maximum plasma concentration (C max) achieved with the tablet formulation relative to the soft gel capsule [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. Patients should also be aware that these adverse events (gastrointestinal or paresthesias) may diminish as therapy is continued.
BACKGROUND: Toe symphalangism is characterized by a fusion of the interphalangeal joint between the middle and distal phalanges. While typical lesser toe fractures heal well with conservative treatment, in our clinical experience, we encountered patients with symphalangeal toe fractures who experienced long-lasting pain and delayed radiographic union. Therefore, this study aimed to report radiographic outcomes following conservative treatment of symphalangeal fractures of the lesser toes.
METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 14 patients with symphalangeal lesser toe fractures who were treated conservatively. We investigated the mechanism of injury and measured the time from the initial injury date to the complete radiographic union. The fracture gap distance was measured on an initial lateral radiograph.
RESULTS: Symphalangeal fractures involved the fourth toe in 4 patients (28.5%) and the fifth toe in 10 patients (71.4%). Regarding the mechanism of injury, 6 patients (42.9%) were injured by stubbing or bumping into the door, 5 patients (35.7%) were injured by tripping, 2 patients (14.3%) were injured by heavy objects falling directly on their toes, and 1 patient (2.3%) complained of pain after wearing pointed shoes for half a day. The mean time to complete union was 9.1 months, and the median period was 5.5 months (range, 0.8-29 months). The initial gap of the fracture was 0.60 mm (range, 0.30-1.04 mm).
CONCLUSIONS: The results of our case series may help counsel patients in the outpatient clinic that prolonged healing time may be required for the union of symphalangeal toe fractures.
RESEARCH QUESTION: Is the total duration of spontaneous blastocyst collapse to re-expansion before biopsy related to ploidy and live birth rates after single euploid blastocyst transfer?
DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study of 600 preimplantation genetic testing cycles for aneuploidy (PGT-A) cycles, involving 2203 biopsied blastocysts, at a large reproductive medicine centre. Features of spontaneous blastocyst collapse from full to expanded stage, before biopsy, were observed using an embryoscope viewer for embryos cultured in a time-lapse incubator. In total, 568 cycles of frozen blastocyst transfers, either single euploid or mosaic, were performed. Correlations between collapse features and PGT-A outcomes were evaluated, as well as live birth rate, following euploid embryo transfer.
RESULTS: Blastocysts with lower morphological quality or delayed development had significantly higher rates of collapse, multiple collapses, and a longer duration of collapse to re-expansion. After controlling for confounders, such as oocyte age, morphological quality of blastocyst, and day of biopsy, multivariate logistic regression revealed that the total duration of collapse to re-expansion was an independent predictor of lower euploidy rate; the multivariate OR was 0.85 (95% CI 0.77-0.95; P = 0.00). Furthermore, even with euploid embryo transfer, the probability of a live birth decreased as the total duration of collapse to re-expansion increased; the multivariate OR was 0.79 (95% CI 0.64-0.98; P = 0.033).
CONCLUSION: The total duration of blastocyst collapse to re-expansion could be used as a predictor of lower euploidy and live birth rate. When developing blastocyst algorithms for pregnancy prediction, the duration of spontaneous blastocyst collapse should be included as a significant variable.
This is a multicenter, single-arm, prospective, and intervention trial. About 30% of core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia (CBF-AML) patients still relapse under current treatment. Some studies have found that KIT mutations, especially the D816V mutation, may predict relapse and decrease overall survival (OS) in CBF-AML. Avapritinib has been approved for the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors with KIT or PDGFRA mutations. Avapritinib was also effective for the treatment of minimal residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia with t (8;21) and KIT mutation failing to immunotherapy after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a single-center, retrospective report. 11 centers from China carry out the AVACBFKIT regimen including Avapritinib, hypomethylating agents and low dose chemotherapy for the treatment of relapsed or refractory pediatric CBF-AML with KIT mutation. The main focus of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of avapritinib in the regimen.
PCT No. PCT/US93/05626 Sec. 371 Date Feb. 24, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Feb. 24, 1995 PCT Filed Jun. 14, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO93/25577 PCT Pub. Date Dec. 23, 1993An active component of parathyroid hypertensive factor (PHF) which comprises a polypeptide linked to a phospholipid has been identified. The component has activities substantially similar to parathyroid hypertensive factor and therefore is indicated in the control of extracellular calcium uptake, and is related to hypertension and some other diseases in mammals. Method for screening patients for the presence of the circulating factor using antibodies against the component are described. Antagonists of the parathyroid hypertensive factor component have been developed and their use in methods of treating patients with diseases which involve intracellular calcium elevation are also described.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a β-1,4-mannobiose-containing composition which inhibits salmonella from settling in animal bodies and effectively excretes the salmonella outside the body: to provide a method for producing the composition: to provide a feed additive containing the β-1,4-mannobiose-containing composition: and to provide a feed blended with the β-1,4-mannobiose-containing composition.  <P>SOLUTION: The method for producing a β-1,4-mannobiose-containing composition comprises making a mannan-containing natural material react with mannan degrading enzyme for producing at least ≥10 wt.% of β-1,4-mannobiose based on the mannan before degradation. The β-1,4-mannobiose-containing composition is prepared by making a mannan-containing natural material react with mannan degrading enzyme, and contains at least ≥10 wt.% of β-1,4-mannobiose in terms of dry matter. A feed additive contains the β-1,4-mannobiose-containing composition. A feed is produced by addition of the β-1,4-mannobiose-containing composition.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a therapeutic agent which has strong action of adjusting α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(α7 nAChR) and is used in treatment of diseases related to the cholinergic activity of the central nervous system(CNS) and/or the peripheral nervous system(PNS), diseases related to smooth muscle contraction, endocrine diseases and diseases related to neurodegeneration, etc.SOLUTION: Compounds of formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are provided. In formula (I), Rto Rmay be identical or different and are an optionally substituted 1-6C alkyl group, a hydrogen atom, etc.; Ris a hydrogen atom, etc.; Rto Rmay be identical or different and are a hydrogen atom, etc.; Ris a four- to 10-membered saturated heterocyclic group, etc.; Rto Rmay be identical or different and are a 1-6C alkyl group, etc.; and n is 1 or 2.
Colorectal cancer (CRC), a malignancy affecting the colon and rectum, ranks as the third most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Early detection of CRC is crucial for preventing metastasis, reducing mortality, improving prognosis, and enhancing patients' quality of life. Genetic factors play a significant role in CRC development, accounting for up to 35% of the disease risk. Genome-wide association studies have identified several genetic loci associated with CRC risk. However, these studies often lack direct evidence of causality. While traditional blood biomarkers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) are widely used for CRC diagnosis and monitoring, their sensitivity and accuracy in early diagnosis are limited. Thus, there is a pressing need to develop new biomarkers that reflect the genetic background of CRC to improve early detection and diagnostic accuracy. In addition, understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying these biomarkers is essential for elucidating CRC pathogenesis and developing precise personalized treatment strategies. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, as an emerging epidemiological tool, can accurately assess the causal relationship between genetic variations and diseases by reducing confounding biases in observational studies. MR analysis has been applied in evaluating the causal impact of various blood biomarkers on CRC risk, shedding lights on the potential causal relationships between these biomarkers and CRC pathogenesis in the context of genetic background. In this review, we summarize the applications of MR analysis in studies of blood biomarkers for CRC, aiming to enhance the early diagnosis and personalized treatment of CRC.
Lung cancer is one of the leading most frequent types of cancer and is the most lethal malignancy in the Netherlands. Mortality is high due to its advanced stage disease at diagnosis. To improve survival current guidelines are moving towards CT-screening of the high risk population. These CT-scans detect numerous nodules and rapidly increase the demand for minimal invasive accurate and safe diagnostic procedures.

The historically available and current first diagnostic procedure in the work-up of PPLs is fluoroscopy guided Trans Bronchial Biopsy (TBB) despite its low pooled yield of 31.1%. When the above transbronchial technique does not provide an unambiguous outcome, an additional and more invasive diagnostic work-up remains indicated. To exclude the possibility of missing malignancies, trans thoracic needle aspiration is first indicated. If deemed inaccessible, surgical biopsy may be alternatively indicated depending on patient risk of malignancy. Ideally, a transbronchial approach having high diagnostic accuracy would overcome the need of this sequential increasingly invasive diagnostic and consecutive treatment approach. Newer pilot studies now hypothesize that combining multiple new endobronchial modalities might provide a solution in preventing more invasive additional diagnostic staging, reporting diagnostic yields exceeding 70%. When an accurate and certain transbronchial diagnosis by combining multiple techniques can indeed be provided. We will study a combination of new advanced modalities for diagnosis of peripheral nodules endobronchially. The aim of this study is to determine diagnostic yield, cost-effectiveness, safety, and, to collect data for developing diagnostic algorithms to further cost-effectively increase yield, reduce complication rate and determine a future platform for clinical implementation.
Injury to vital organs and tissue can occur when blood flow is stopped and then re-established. This happens in a variety of clinical situations and contributes to poor outcomes. A newer concept of protection from this injury by an anesthetic drug might occur because of the effect of the volatile anesthetics on the tissue that lines blood vessels. Thus, a brief exposure to a volatile anesthetic before a cessation of blood flow, called anesthetic preconditioning (APC), can substantially reduce the resulting injury to the lining of the blood vessels. In animal models, high levels of blood sugar block this protection, while cholesterol lowering drugs (statins) restore the protection and may independently protect blood vessel lining from injury. The interactions of high blood sugar and statin drugs on the blood vessel reaction to APC and a subsequent 20-min cessation of blood flow to the forearm will be studied in humans. In addition, the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the harmful effects of high blood sugar and the beneficial effects of statins will be explored. The following four hypotheses will be studied: 1) high blood sugar blocks the anesthetic protection of blood vessels from injury in a dose and time dependent manner; 2) reactive oxygen species are involved in the inhibition of APC by high blood sugar; 3) statins modulate injury in a dose related manner; and 4) statins reduce high blood sugar inhibition of APC.

A standard model to evaluate forearm blood vessel function will be used. Thin rubber-band-like strain gauges will be strapped around each forearm and the change in their stretch during a variety of interventions on the experimental arm (the other arm will not receive any interventions and will be the control arm) will be measured. These interventions will allow the investigator to determine whether the hypotheses listed above are true. During all studies, there will be a 20-min arrest of the forearm circulation. Additional effects of injury, APC, high blood sugar, and statins will be determined by evaluating blood vessel inflammatory responses from "markers" in blood samples taken before and after I/R injury. Several studies will involve varying the forearm blood glucose concentration for brief (30 min) to longer (2 hours) periods prior to APC and injury. The ROS scavenger vitamin C will be used to evaluate the role of ROS in adverse effects of high blood sugar. There are several other studies that will continue to seek the mechanism of action of this effect via the use of other drug interactions.
Bevacizumab 10 mg/kg given by vein over 90 minutes for first injection (30-60 minutes for subsequent doses) every 2 weeks while on study (2 times during each 4-week "study cycle"). Lapatinib Pills of 700 mg/m\^2/dose given orally 2 times each day.
Following surgery, patients will be given acetaminophen 500 mg PO Q4 hours PRN for mild pain, oxycodone-acetaminophen 5-325 mg PO Q4 hours PRN for moderate-severe pain, and morphine IV PRN (or other opioid) for severe breakthrough pain while hospitalized. They will also be given a placebo injection of normal saline every 6 hours for the first 24 hours following surgery. At discharge, patients will be prescribed 1-2 hydrocodone-acetaminophen 5-325 mg Q4 hours PRN quantity 50, unless they have preexisting liver disease, in which case they will be prescribed the equivalent in oxycodone. They will not receive a nerve block.
Overall, this study will have 2 parts (Part A and Part B). However, it is to be noted that, these parts (Part A and Part B) are independent of each other and can run in parallel. The purpose of the Part A of study is to determine the proportion of PIK3CA mutation positive patients among the HR-positive and HER2-negative ABC/MBC diagnosed patients in India. The Part B of the study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and tolerability of alpelisib plus fulvestrant among men, pre-menopausal women (ovarian ablation) or post-menopausal women who are PIK3CA mutation positive patients with HR-positive and HER2-negative ABC/MBC diagnosis among Indian population, in the real-world setting.

Part A- This will involve enrolling of approximately 1200 patients (males, post-menopausal women or pre-menopausal women who are receiving ovarian ablation) with a documented diagnosis of HR-positive HER2-negative ABC/MBC. The data on PIK3CA mutation status will be collected only for those patients who signs ICF for participation in the study. Once, patient signs ICF, their samples will be sent for PIK3CA mutation status testing, that will be performed at central laboratory and the results on mutation status will be reported to the investigator.

Part B- This part aims to enroll approximately 200 patients who are PIK3CA mutation positive. The patients enrolled into the Part B of the study can either be continued from Part A of the study or be a direct enrollment into the Part B of the study. For the patient's entering directly into Part B of the study, positive PIK3CA status should be available prior to study entry. All the patients entering into part B of the study must be alpelisib treatment naïve. The patients enrolled into Part B of the study, should have already been planned to receive treatment with alpelisib plus fulvestrant, based on their treating physician's discretion and upon patient's consent. The treatment decision by the physician are to be made independent of the patient's inclusion in this observational study. During the Part B of the study, data by visits for variables will be collected for the enrolled patients at every 3 months interval (±1 month), if feasible or until a maximum of 24 months observational period or lost to follow-up (End-of-study \[EoS\] assessment will be performed), or death, or disease progression, whichever occurs first.
Eligible patients will receive placebo doses once weekly at Baseline, Weeks 1, 2, 3 and 4 followed by a dose after four weeks at Week 8. Prior to taking the Week 12 dose, the patient will be assessed for response to treatment using the Psoriasis Scalp Severity Index (PSSI). If the subject is a responder, the subject will continue on placebo dosing weekly at Weeks 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 and then after four weeks at Week 20. Subjects who are not responders will be switched to treatment with secukinumab 300 mg and will dose once weekly at Weeks 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 and then after four weeks at Week 20.