anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) frequently develop atelectasis in dorsal lung regions because of gravity and the compression by the heart and the diaphragm. Since lung perfusion is predominantly distributed in lower lung regions, a reduction of ventilation in these areas results in further ventilation-perfusion mismatch, called shunt. The development of atelectatic lung regions necessitate the use of higher ventilation pressures, which in turn results in excessive transpulmonary pressures and ventilation-induced lung injury in the ventral regions. Therefore it is common to promote the prone position in patients with ARDS in order to improve ventilation-perfusion matching and thus, protect the ventral regions from hyperinflation. In patients with COVID-19-related ARDS, the value of such therapeutic strategy based on placing in prone position has not been completely elucidated. The aims of the study are to determine whether prone positioning improves dorsal regional ventilation when compared to supine position. Moreover, another aim is to assess the changes in intrapulmonary shunt following patient position changes.
The invention discloses inula flower injection and a preparation method thereof. Each 1,000 ml of injection comprises 10.0 to 10.5g of inula helianthus-aquatica extract, 100 to 150ml of 1,2-propylene glycol, 8.5 to 9.0 g of sodium chloride and the balance of water for injection. The molecular formula of the inula flower injection is C19H26O6. The inula flower injection solves the problem that an inula flower extract is water insoluble, so the medicament can be administrated in a mainline or intramuscular injection mode. The method has the characteristic of simple flow, and has good controllability in the batch production process; and the extract can be completely dissolved in the slightly alkaline environment with the pH between 7.0 and 9.5, and the solution is stable and is easy to store and use. The inula flower injection can make the inula flower anticancer extract administrated in the mainline or intramuscular injection mode, and is a convenient and feasible medicament formulation for clinical use.
The present invention relates to a medical injection system comprising an injection device (100) and a dose capturing unit (20). The injection device (100) incorporates expelling means (101) for setting and expelling a set dose amount of a drug from a reservoir. The expelling means (101) further comprises mechanical energy storage unit adapted to drive the expelling movement and a movable dosing member (350). In one form the dose capturing unit (20) is configured for being releasably attached to the injection device (100). The dose capturing unit (20) comprises a dose sensor (20d) configured to capture data relating to the movement of the dosing member (350) during dose expelling. When the dose capturing unit (20) is attached to the injection device (100), the systems forms a speed limiting means (F, M) to limit the speed of the dosing member (350) during dose expelling so that a force that counteracts the force exerted by the mechanical energy storage unit is generated.
INTRODUCTION: Obesity is a risk factor for aggravation of and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 and Body Mass Index (BMI) in the Japanese population.
METHODS: We used administrative claims data from an advanced treatment hospital in Japan and extracted data from patients hospitalized for COVID-19. The exposure variable was BMI measured at the time of admission, and the study outcomes were progression to critical illness and death. Analyses were performed for each age group.
RESULTS: Overall, 58,944 patients met the inclusion criteria. The risk of critical illness increased monotonically with higher BMI. In contrast, the relationship between BMI and mortality follows a J-shaped curve; being underweight and obese are risk factors for mortality. When stratified by age, similar trends were observed for both critical illness and mortality.
CONCLUSION: A higher BMI is a risk factor for the progression of COVID-19 severity, whereas both lower and higher BMIs are risk factors for mortality in the Japanese population.
The Hezuo pig, an important native Tibetan breed in China, exhibits differences in adult body weight, with females typically heavier than males. The underlying mechanisms for this disparity remain unclear. DNA methylation changes are known to influence animal growth and development and regulate Hezuo pig growth by altering gene expression related to these processes, thus differentially affecting adult body weight between genders. This study conducted DNA methylation analysis and expression profiling using pituitary tissues from male and female Hezuo pigs at 3 and 8 months old (M3M, M3F, M8M, and M8F). In total 346, 795, 371, and 839 differentially methylated genes (DMGs) were identified in the M3M vs. M3F, M3F vs. M8F, M3M vs. M8M, and M8M vs. M8F groups, respectively. The comparative analysis of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) genes and DEGs (differentially expressed regions) revealed that key genes involved in growth, hormone secretion, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis are primarily enriched in signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt, Hippo, and adrenergic. Further analysis combining methylation and transcriptomics identified five candidate methylated genes (CCL2, MYL2, GST, CTSH, and MCH) linked to adult body weight in Hezuo pigs. Additionally, the correlation analysis suggested that these genes influence growth and development in boars and sows by regulating the secretion and synthesis of related hormones, leading to heavier weights in females. In conclusion, variations in adult body weight between male and female pigs may stem from the impact of DNA methylation on gene expression related to growth and development. These findings offer new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of DNA methylation during weight gain in Hezuo pigs.
The study will be offered to all patients who have been treated for HIV infection for at least 6 months, during a follow-up consultation. A self questionnaire will be administered only once per patient during the usual consultation, there is no follow-up planned.
The oral probiotic (Lactobacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9,one times a day during the whole treatment) was isolated from healthy women's breast milk samples in 2017 and was identified as Lactobacillus rhamnosus by physiological and biochemical and 16S rRNA. It is listed as the "List of Probiotics for Health Food" in my country's "List of Bacteria Available for Food", which can be directly applied to food production.
STUDY DESIGN: Umbrella review of meta-analyses.
OBJECTIVE: To compile existing meta-analyses to provide analysis of the multiple postoperative outcomes in a comparison of open-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusions (O-TLIFs) versus minimally invasive transforaminal interbody fusions (MI-TLIFs).
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: TLIF is the standard surgical intervention for spinal fusion in degenerative spinal diseases. The comparative effectiveness of MI-TLIFs and O-TLIFs remains controversial.
METHODS: A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Titles and abstracts were initially screened, followed by a full-text review based on the inclusion criteria. Twenty articles were deemed eligible for the umbrella review. Data extraction and quality assessment using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews were performed. Effect sizes of the outcomes of interest from primary studies included in the meta-analyses were repooled. Repooling and stratification of the credibility of the evidence were performed using the R package metaumbrella . The pooled effect sizes were compared and interpreted using equivalent Hedges' g values.
RESULTS: When the meta-analyses were pooled, MI-TLIF was found to have a shorter length of stay, less blood loss, and a higher radiation exposure time, with a highly suggestive level of evidence. Data regarding less postoperative drainage, infections, and Oswestry disability index for MI-TLIF were supported by weak evidence. Conversely, data regarding other postoperative outcomes were nonsignificant to draw any conclusions.
CONCLUSION: Our umbrella review provides a comprehensive overview of the relevant strengths and weaknesses of each surgical technique. This overview revealed that MI-TLIF had better outcomes in terms of length of stay, blood loss, postoperative drainage, infections, and Oswestry disability index when compared with those of O-TLIF. However, O-TLIF had a better outcome for radiation exposure when compared with MI-TLIF.
The GnRH antagonist fixed protocol will be used for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). Transvaginal sonography (TVS) scan will be performed regularly for monitoring of the follicular growth (folliculometry). When there will be at least 3 leading follicles \> 18 mm in diameter, women will be randomized into 3 groups; group A (dual trigger group), group B (single low-dose HCG group) and group C (multiple low-doses HCG group). In group A, final oocyte maturation will be triggered by dual administration of 0.2 mg of GnRHa preparation (Triptorelin) SC and 1500 IU of HCG preparation IM. In group B, final oocyte maturation will be triggered by administration of 0.2 mg Triptorelin SC then a single IM bolus of 1500 IU HCG will by administered 35-37 hours after GnRHa trigger (1 hour after oocyte retrieval). In group C, final oocyte maturation will be triggered by administration of 0.2 mg Triptorelin SC then 3 IM boluses of 500 IU HCG will be administered day 1, day 4 and day 7 after oocyte retrieval. In all women, oocyte retrieval will be performed 34-36 hours after trigger and endometrial preparation for embryo transfer (ET) will be started on the day of oocyte retrieval by giving 400 mg vaginal natural progesterone supplement once daily plus 4 mg oral estradiol valerate once daily.
Mechanical ventilation is a life-support intervention crucial for saving lives in ICU patients. However, its prolonged use leads to deterioration in respiratory muscle strength and endurance, causing diaphragm dysfunction. This weakening is associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation and increased difficulty in weaning the patient from the ventilator, known as "difficult weaning." It has been reported that up to 20% of ICU patients require tracheostomy due to this issue. Tracheostomy is an invasive procedure that involves creating an ostomy in the trachea to establish an artificial airway, allowing for ventilation, facilitating weaning from mechanical ventilation, and improving secretion management. However, muscle dysfunction from disuse and lack of effective respiratory muscle training extends the tracheostomy duration, leading to hospital-acquired infections, swallowing disorders, and increased ICU and hospital days. Thus, respiratory muscle training is a key tool for enabling tracheostomy removal (decannulation) and improving respiratory system efficiency. Since no universally accepted training protocol exists, it is not a common practice in ICUs worldwide, including our country. This project proposes that applying an individualized inspiratory muscle training regimen combining strength and endurance exercises for two weeks could improve respiratory muscle performance, reducing decannulation time (days from tracheostomy placement to removal).

The objective of this project is to assess the effect of an individualized inspiratory muscle training regimen, combining strength and endurance exercises for two weeks, on improving maximum inspiratory pressure, diaphragm thickness fraction, and its impact on successful decannulation time in patients with tracheostomy secondary to prolonged mechanical ventilation at HRLBO. Two groups of adult tracheostomized patients will be evaluated: an experimental group undergoing individualized inspiratory muscle training for 14 days plus standard physiotherapy, and a control group receiving standard physiotherapy and weaning guided by scheduled mechanical ventilation disconnection windows. Both groups will be compared in terms of decannulation time, ICU length of stay, hospital days, and quality of life survey scores. The study results will optimize the management of tracheostomized patients locally and nationally, reducing economic costs for both the country and patients and improving their quality of life, thus aiding in meeting some health objectives for the 2011-2020 decade.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new compound having excellent antiulcer activity and useful for treating digestive ulcer. SOLUTION: This new compound is shown by formula I [R<1> is a (substituted) (hetero)aryl; R<2> is H, an alkoxycarbonyl, substituted aminocarbonyl, cyano or the like; R<3> and R<4> are each H, a substituted alkyl, aryl, amino or the like], e.g. 4-amino-2-oxo-1-phenyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic ethyl ester. The compound of formula I is obtained by reaction of a compound of formula II with ethyl malonate of the formula CH2 (COOEt)2 pref. in the presence of a base at 25-100 deg.C for 24-72 h. The amounts of the ethyl malonate and the base to be used are 1-5 equivalents, based on the compound of formula II, respectively. The reaction is carried out under an anhydrous condition in a solventless state or in a solvent such as anhydrous ethanol. The base to be used is e.g. sodium ethoxide.
Teratogenic Effects: Human pregnancies resulting in live births have been reported in the literature and no increase in the rate of birth defects has been demonstrated. Embryonic deaths and malformations of anophthalmia and microphthalmia in the offspring have been reported when pregnant rats received large doses of chloroquine. 

Nursing Mothers: Caution should be exercised when administering PLAQUENIL to nursing women. It has been demonstrated that hydroxychloroquine administered to nursing women is excreted in human milk and it is known that infants are extremely sensitive to the toxic effects of 4-aminoquinolines. 

Pediatric Use: Safety and efficacy have not been established in the chronic use of PLAQUENIL for systemic lupus erythematosus and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in children. Children are especially sensitive to the 4-aminoquinoline compounds. Most reported fatalities followed the accidental ingestion of chloroquine, sometimes in small doses (0.75 g or 1 g in one 3-year-old child). Patients should be strongly warned to keep these drugs out of the reach of children (see OVERDOSAGE). 

Geriatric Use: Clinical studies of PLAQUENIL did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. However, this drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection and it may be useful to monitor renal function.
I.V. Dexamethasone 5 mg just before induction plus intra-operative 10 ml/kg Ringer's lactate solution.
Patients receive lenvatinib PO QD and everolimus PO QD. Cycles repeat every 30 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Singing-based treatments of aphasia can improve language outcomes, but the neural benefits of group-based singing in aphasia are unknown. Here, we set out to determine the structural neuroplasticity changes underpinning group-based singing-induced treatment effects in chronic aphasia. Twenty-eight patients with at least mild nonfluent poststroke aphasia were randomized into two groups that received a 4-month multicomponent singing intervention (singing group) or standard care (control group). High-resolution T1 images and multishell diffusion-weighted MRI data were collected in two time points (baseline/5 months). Structural gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) neuroplasticity changes were assessed using language network region of interest-based voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and quantitative anisotropy-based connectometry, and their associations to improved language outcomes (Western Aphasia Battery Naming and Repetition) were evaluated. Connectometry analyses showed that the singing group enhanced structural WM connectivity in the left arcuate fasciculus (AF) and corpus callosum as well as in the frontal aslant tract (FAT), superior longitudinal fasciculus, and corticostriatal tract bilaterally compared with the control group. Moreover, in VBM, the singing group showed GM volume increase in the left inferior frontal cortex (Brodmann area 44) compared with the control group. The neuroplasticity effects in the left BA44, AF, and FAT correlated with improved naming abilities after the intervention. These findings suggest that in the poststroke aphasia group, singing can bring about structural neuroplasticity changes in left frontal language areas and in bilateral language pathways, which underpin treatment-induced improvement in speech production.
The present study is initiated to evaluate quality of life, period of hospitalization and complication rates in patients with colorectal cancer receiving treatment with stoma surgery. Prior to surgery patients are randomized to different preoperative education programs. In Arm A patients receive a new specific education program (Krankenhaus Nordwest concept) conducted by a specialized therapist (stoma-therapist). In Arm B patients receive the standard preoperative education program. Standardized questionnaires are used to evaluate quality of life and period of hospitalization at baseline and four weeks after surgery in Arm A vs. Arm B
The invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one inhibitor of a histon-deacetylase (HDACi) and at least one agonist of Toll-like-receptor 7 and/or 8 (TLR7 and/or TLR8). The invention further relates to the aforementioned pharmaceutical compositions for use in a method of treating or preventing a disease. The invention further relates to the aforementioned pharmaceutical compositions for use in a method of treating or preventing cancer. The invention further relates to a method of treating or preventing cancer. The invention further relates to a kit of parts comprising at least one inhibitor of a histon-deacetylase (HDACi) and at least one agonist of Toll-like-receptor 7 and/or 8 (TLR7 and/or TLR8). The invention further relates to a cancer cell contacted with the pharmaceutical composition of the invention, wherein said cancer cell has an upregulated expression of one or more single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) genes, wherein the one or more ssRNA genes with upregulated expression are preferably endogenous retroviral (HERV) genes. The invention further relates to an  in vitro  method for contacting cancer cells with the pharmaceutical composition of the invention. The invention further relates to a population of cancer cells obtainable by the  in vitro  method of the invention.
Processing a major medical claim in at least one processor. Receiving a major medical claim. Preparing a claim order from the received major medical claim. Transmitting the prepared claim order to a primary payer. Receiving a response to the transmitted claim order, the response comprising the amount of primary coverage. Transmitting claim order information and the amount of primary coverage to a secondary payer.
Prognosis of the advanced, recurrent, or persistent cervical cancer, which is not amenable to curative treatment with surgery and/or radiation therapy, still remains poor. Recently, cisplatin plus paclitaxel for palliative chemotherapy were reported to improve the response rate and progression-free interval compared to cisplatin alone and has been shown as a new appropriate regimen. However, more effective and/or less toxic combinations are needed. Carboplatin as a single agent has less response rate but less overall toxicity than cisplatin. Particularly, because less nephrotoxicity does not require hydration and less neurotoxicity enables 3hrs administration of paclitaxel in the combination, out patient therapy becomes possible and patients' quality of life must improve. Therefore, we planned to evaluate the benefits of less toxicity of the chemotherapy containing paclitaxel and carboplatin, which could reduce the hospitalised days, in comparison with the standard chemotherapy containing paclitaxel and cisplatin. This clinical trial is targeted on the patients in Japan with incurable cervical cancer diagnosed by means of image.
The primary hypothesis to be tested is that 17B-estradiol (estrogen) will reduce the progression of early atherosclerosis if initiated soon after menopause when the vascular endothelium (lining of blood vessels) is relatively healthy versus later when the endothelium has lost its responsiveness to estrogen. Ultrasonography will be used to measure the rate of change in the thickness of the carotid artery and cardiac computed tomography (CT) will be used to measure coronary artery calcium and coronary artery lesions. The second hypothesis to be tested is that 17B-estradiol (estrogen) will reduce the progression of cognitive decline if initiated soon after menopause when healthy brain tissue remains responsive to estrogen versus later when brain tissue has lost its responsiveness to estrogen.

A total of 643 (actual; 504 initially proposed) postmenopausal women were randomized according to their number of years since menopause, less than 6 years or 10 years or more, to receive either oral 17B-estradiol 1 mg daily or matching placebo. Women with a uterus will also use vaginal progesterone gel 4% (or placebo gel) the last ten days of each month. The vaginal progesterone will be distributed in a double-blinded fashion along with the randomized treatment so that only women exposed to active treatment will receive active progesterone. As initially proposed, participants will undergo ultrasonography at baseline and every 6 months throughout the 2 to 5 years (average 3 years) of randomized treatment. Participants will also undergo cognitive testing at baseline and after 3 years of randomized treatment. The trial has been extended for an additional 2 to 2.5 years of randomized treatment (overall average randomized treatment of 5 years and range of 2 to 8.5 years). Ultrasonography will continue to be collected every 6 months and upon completion of randomized treatment, participants will undergo cardiac CT for coronary artery calcium and coronary artery lesion measurements. Participants will also undergo a third cognitive testing at the completion of randomized treatment.
Parent-administered reading therapy program: 15min each day, 5 days a week during 6 weeks during the summer break. Repeated reading with feedback from the parent and time control.