anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Habenaira plantaginea belong to orchid family which is native to Asia. Members of this family are commonly famous for the cure of pain and inflammation. To date, no research was found on isolation of compounds from this plant for the treatment of inflammation and analgesia nor has been published to our knowledge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity of the isolated compound from the most potent chloroform sub-fraction and the isolated compounds form the habenaria plantaginea. Anti-inflammatory analgesic and antioxidant potential of the various chloroform sub-fractions and isolated compounds from the most potent sub-fraction (HP-1 & HP-1) were screened for their in vitro enzymatic assays. Furthermore, prior to in-vivo investigation, the isolated compounds were subjected for their toxicity study. The potent compound was then examined for acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate test, carrageenan-induced inflammation assays. Further various phlogistic agents were used for the evaluation of mechanism. In the COX-2 inhibitory assay the chloroform sub fraction Cf-4 demonstrated excellent activity as compared to the other sub-fraction with 92.15% inhibition. The COX-2 enzyme make prostaglandins which are directly involved in inflammation. Likewise against 5-LOX the Cf-4 was the most potent sub-fraction with IC50 3.77 µg/mL. The 5-LOX catalyzes the biosynthesis of leukotrienes which is a group of lipid mediators of inflammation derived from arachidonic acid. Free radicals can induce inflammation through cellular damage while chronic inflammation generates a large number of free radicals, whose eventually lead to inflammation. In antioxidant assays the Cf-4 fraction was displayed excellent results against ABTS, DPPH and H2O2 free radical with 88.88, 77.44, and 65.52% inhibition at highest concentration. Likewise, the compound HP-1 demonstrated 88.81, 89.34 and 80.43% inhibition while compound HP-2 displayed 84.34, 91.52 and 82.34% inhibition against ABTS, DPPH and H2O2 free radical which were comparable to the standard drug ascorbic acid respectively. This study's findings validate the use of this species as traditional use.
This invention relates to inhibition of hepatitis gene expression. More specifically, the invention relates to a method of using RNA sequences to inhibit Hepatitis B and C Virus replication. Expression cassettes that include DNA sequences derived from endogenous micro RNAs (miRs) are used in the method and are transcribed by Pol II promoters, and then processed to generate sequences that are specific to target hepatitis virus sequences (RNAi effecter sequences). The RNAi effecter sequences can target the selected hepatitis virus sequences resulting in gene silencing or transcriptional inhibition of the hepatitis virus gene. The expression cassettes may be delivered in vitro or in vivo to host cells. A pharmaceutical composition containing the expression cassettes is also claimed.
There is strong evidence for an association between regular physical activity and reduced risk for cancers of the breast and colon. The majority of adults do not engage in enough physical activity. Motivating adults to exercise is critical to cancer prevention efforts. However, additional work is needed to improve the theoretical frameworks applied to exercise promotion. The most often cited theories of health promotion include the outcomes of a target behavior as important determinants. The perceptions people have about the outcomes of exercise, and more generally attitudes about exercise, are associated with exercise participation. Conceptualizations of perceived outcomes are categorized by whether they are instrumental (i.e. utility-based) or affective (i.e. feeling-based) in nature. Recent efforts to compare the relative predictive power of instrumental and affective attitudes suggest that affective attitudes may better predict exercise behavior. Aim 1 of this proposal seeks to compare the relative influence of instrumental versus affective attitudes on exercise behavior. Another distinction can be made between perceptions that are held temporally proximal versus distal to exercise behavior. In the vast majority of relevant research in the exercise field, perceptions are assessed and then future exercise behavior is assessed months later via self-report. However, day to day perceptions and exercise behavior is largely unknown. The temporal distance of perceptions from the decision to exercise can be significantly shortened using ecological momentary assessments. Aim 2 of this proposal seeks to compare the relative predictive power of temporally distal versus proximal perceptions on exercise behavior. Finally, aim 3 will examine the interaction between instrumental/affective and temporally proximal/distal attitudes for predicting exercise behavior. The proposed research seeks to contribute to cancer prevention efforts by examining underlying perceptions that motivate the day to day decision to exercise. In particular, technological advances in mobile platforms to deliver interventions to people wherever they are requires better support for how to apply these methods. Using theory-based, empirically supported concepts, this longitudinal study will follow previously inactive adults over 12 weeks using electronic diaries to measure their perceptions and exercise behavior change while they receive an exercise intervention. This study will provide a fine-grained examination of the determinants of exercise targeted in exercise promotion interventions. The results will inform future efforts to promote exercise using mobile technologies by determining what types of beliefs (instrumental/affective) and what times (temporal proximity to behavior) are most critical times to intervene.
Neisseria gonorrheae, the causative agent of genitourinary infections, has been associated with asymptomatic or recurrent infections and has the potential to form biofilms and induce inflammation and cell transformation. Herein, we aimed to use computational analysis to predict novel associations between chronic inflammation caused by gonorrhea infection and neoplastic transformation. Prioritization and gene enrichment strategies based on virulence and resistance genes utilizing essential genes from the DEG and PANTHER databases, respectively, were performed. Using the STRING database, protein‒protein interaction networks were constructed with 55 nodes of bacterial proteins and 72 nodes of proteins involved in the host immune response. MCODE and cytoHubba were used to identify 12 bacterial hub proteins (murA, murB, murC, murD, murE, purN, purL, thyA, uvrB, kdsB, lpxC, and ftsH) and 19 human hub proteins, of which TNF, STAT3 and AKT1 had high significance. The PPI networks are based on the connectivity degree (K), betweenness centrality (BC), and closeness centrality (CC) values. Hub genes are vital for cell survival and growth, and their significance as potential drug targets is discussed. This computational study provides a comprehensive understanding of inflammation and carcinogenesis pathways that are activated during gonorrhea infection.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a more effective targeted drug delivery system for biologics, particularly for polynucleotides and oligonucleotides.  <P>SOLUTION: There are provided pharmaceutical compositions and methods for delivery of therapeutic agents. The methods and compositions can achieve site specific delivery of a therapeutic substance, particularly for agents such as oligonucleotides which have presented problems in reaching targeted sites in necessary therapeutic levels. Targeted introduction of ultrasound can be used to promote release of the therapeutic agent. The delivery system includes protein-encapsulated gas-filled microbubbles formed in an N<SB>2</SB>-depleted or N<SB>2</SB>-free environment. These microbubbles are smaller and more stable than microbubbles sonicated in the presence of room air.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
The present invention discloses a konjac gluocomannan-calcium alginate microball and a preparation method thereof. The microball is in a single nuclear structure or a nuclear-shell structure; nuclear materials are a compound composed of konjac glucomannan and calcium alginate, and the shell materials are chitosan-calcium alginate-polyelectrolyte membranes. The present invention has the following preparation process: the konjac glucomannan-sodium alginate is mixed with hydrosol and is dripped into the CaCl2 water solution or chitosan-CaCl2 water solution, and after the obtained spherical object is washed with water and is dried, the konjac glucomannan-calcium alginate microball or konjac glucomannan-calcium alginate-chitosan microsphere is obtained. The present invention has the advantages that compared with the calcium alginate-chitosan microsphere, the medical release performance is obviously increased; insulin is released from the konjac glucomannan-calcium alginate-chitosan microsphere, and the release time is increased to three hours from one hour. The medical slow release and controlled release are easy to control by changing the conditions, such as the content of the konjac glucomannan, the ionic concentration of the gelatin, the molecular weight of the chitosan, the concentration of the chitosan, etc. The present invention has the advantages of simple preparation process of the microball, low production cost and easy scaled production.
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis and a strong predictor of cardiovascular (CV) mortality. The systemic disease of atherosclerosis in these patients results in arterial stenoses in the arteries supplying the muscles of the lower extremities. During exercise, the stenoses limit the ability to increase blood flow, which leads to an oxygen supply/metabolic demand mismatch, a bio-energetic deficit, and subsequent muscle contractile dysfunction. Thus, the primary pathophysiology of PAD is related to the limitation in blood flow and abnormal hemodynamics (reduced tissue perfusion pressure and blood flow) of the lower limbs during exercise. Patients with PAD commonly present with symptoms of intermittent claudication (IC), often described by patients as a cramping, aching, or fatigue sensation in the calf muscles of the legs that occurs during physical activity. Notably, the symptom of claudication pain is due to exercise-induced ischemia in the muscles of the leg, causing a significant limitation of functional exercise capacity and adversely affecting quality of life.

Sodium nitrite is being investigated as a potential new therapy for improving function in patients with PAD. The overall goal of this dose-ranging study is to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and potential biological activity of multiple doses of oral sodium nitrite in patients with PAD. As described above, the primary pathophysiology of PAD is related to the limitation in blood flow of the lower extremities, resulting in limited exercise tolerance and decreased quality of life. PAD is highly prevalent in patients with diabetes, leading to poor outcomes and accelerated disease progression compared with non-diabetic counter-parts. A common feature of both patient groups is endothelial dysfunction, decreased NO bioavailability, and depletion of NO stores, a finding that may be compounded when PAD and diabetic conditions coexist. Sodium nitrite is an inorganic salt that is found and metabolized in vivo. At physiological concentrations, sodium nitrite is known to cause vasodilation, a feature which is enhanced in hypoxic or ischemic environments. The nitrite anion acts a NO reservoir and can be readily converted to active NO by a non-enzymatic reaction with deoxyhemoglobin, making it a unique candidate for potential therapeutic effect in ischemic tissues. Accordingly, this study is designed to assess the safety and tolerability of sodium nitrite as well as the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic relationship of sodium nitrite at two different doses versus placebo. Sodium nitrite's effects on endothelial function, a marker of NO bioactivity, and measures of functional walking capacity will also be assessed.
BACKGROUND: Malnutrition (undernutrition) in children with congenital disease (CHD) is a notable concern, with preoperative and persistent growth failure post-cardiac surgery contributing to poorer outcomes. Poor growth in children with CHD in low-income environments is exacerbated by feeding difficulties, poverty, delayed diagnosis, and late corrective surgery. This study describes and compares the growth of young children with CHD undergoing cardiac surgery in central South Africa from before to 6-months after cardiac surgery.
METHODS: Children 30 months and younger, with their mothers, were included in this prospective observational descriptive study. Weight- height-, and head circumference-for-age z-scores were used to identify children who were underweight, stunted and microcephalic. Z-scores for growth indices were compared from baseline to 3-months and 6-months post-cardiac surgery. Changes in growth over time were calculated using a 95% confidence interval on the difference between means. Linear regression was used to determine the association between growth and development, health-related quality of life and parenting stress respectively.
RESULTS: Forty mother-child pairs were included at baseline. Most children (n = 30) had moderate disease severity, with eight children having cyanotic defects. A quarter of the children had Down syndrome (DS). Twenty-eight children underwent corrective cardiac surgery at a median age of 7.4 months. Most children (n = 27) were underweight before cardiac surgery [mean z-score - 2.5 (±1.5)], and many (n = 18) were stunted [mean z-score - 2.2 (±2.5)]. A quarter (n = 10) of the children had feeding difficulties. By 6-months post-cardiac surgery there were significant improvements in weight (p = 0.04) and head circumference (p = 0.02), but complete catch-up growth had not yet occurred. Malnutrition (undernutrition) was strongly associated (p = 0.04) with poorer motor development [Mean Bayley-III motor score 79.5 (±17.5)] before cardiac surgery. Growth in children with cyanotic and acyanotic defects, and those with and without DS were comparable.
CONCLUSION: Malnutrition (undernutrition) is common in children with CHD in central South Africa, a low-income environment, both before and after cardiac surgery, and is associated with poor motor development before cardiac surgery. A diagnosis of CHD warrants regular growth monitoring and assessment of feeding ability. Early referral for nutritional support and speech therapy will improve growth outcomes.
The efficacy of Sumatriptan and Naproxen Sodium Tablets in the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults was demonstrated in 2 randomized, double-blind, multicenter, parallel-group trials utilizing placebo and each individual active component of Sumatriptan and Naproxen Sodium Tablets 85/500 mg (sumatriptan and naproxen sodium) as comparison treatments (Study 1 and Study 2). Patients enrolled in these 2 trials were predominately female (87%) and white (88%), with a mean age of 40 years (range: 18 to 65 years). Patients were instructed to treat a migraine of moderate to severe pain with 1 tablet. No rescue medication was allowed within 2 hours postdose. Patients evaluated their headache pain 2 hours after taking 1 dose of study medication; headache relief was defined as a reduction in headache severity from moderate or severe pain to mild or no pain. Associated symptoms of nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia were also evaluated. Sustained pain free was defined as a reduction in headache severity from moderate or severe pain to no pain at 2 hours postdose without a return of mild, moderate, or severe pain and no use of rescue medication for 24 hours postdose. The results from Study 1 and 2 are summarized in Table 4. In both trials, the percentage of patients achieving headache pain relief 2 hours after treatment was significantly greater among patients receiving Sumatriptan and Naproxen Sodium Tablets 85/500 mg (65% and 57%) compared with those who received placebo (28% and 29%).

Further, the percentage of patients who remained pain free without use of other medications through 24 hours postdose was significantly greater among patients receiving a single dose of Sumatriptan and Naproxen Sodium Tablets 85/500 mg (25% and 23%) compared with those who received placebo (8% and 7%) or either sumatriptan (16% and 14%) or naproxen sodium (10%) alone.

The percentage of patients achieving initial headache pain relief within 2 hours following treatment with Sumatriptan and Naproxen Sodium Tablets 85/500 mg is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Percentage of Adult Patients with Initial Headache Pain Relief within 2 Hours

Compared with placebo, there was a decreased incidence of photophobia, phonophobia, and nausea 2 hours after the administration of Sumatriptan and Naproxen Sodium Tablets 85/500 mg. The estimated probability of taking a rescue medication over the first 24 hours is shown in Figure 2.

Sumatriptan and Naproxen Sodium Tablets 85/500 mg was more effective than placebo regardless of the presence of aura; duration of headache prior to treatment; gender, age, or weight of the subject; or concomitant use of oral contraceptives or common migraine prophylactic drugs (e.g., beta blockers, anti epileptic drugs, tricyclic antidepressants).
In addition to the service routine rehabilitation program, in this group all participant receive as group training with instructor supervising 5-6 participants. The specific days of the week and time of day in which the participants trained remained constant throughout each training protocol. Training programs lasted 6 weeks and comprised 2 training sessions per week with a total of 12 training sessions. A 45-60 min training sessions per week with a 2 day gap between each session.
The hair treatment compositions of the instant disclosure typically include about 20 wt. % or more of a polyol; about 5 wt. % to about 50 wt. % of a monoalcohol having a carbon chain of 1 to 10 carbons; about 0.1 to about 5 wt. % of a fatty acid; about 0.1 to about 15 wt. % of a fatty amine; about 0.1 to about 15 wt. % of a fatty alcohol; and about 0.1 to about 15 wt. % of an emollient, wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the hair treatment composition. The hair treatment composition typically has a weight ratio of the amount of polyol to the amount the monoalcohol of 20:1 to 1:1. Additionally, the hair treatment may have a molar ratio of the amount of the fatty acid to the amount of the fatty amine of 0.8:1 to 1.2:1.
Electrolysis Percutaneous Therapeutic (EPTE) consists of the application of a galvanic electrical current with an acupuncture needle in the soft tissue, in this case the supraspinatus tendon, to initiate a local inflammatory process allowing phagocytosis and repair of the affected tissue. The technique is pain-free since the electrical intensity is adapted to each patient. In addition, patients will be asked to perform an eccentric loading exercise program for the shoulder musculature, particularly the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles, to be performed on an individual basis twice every day. The therapeutic protocol will be applied for 4 weeks.
The clinical trial identifier is PIONEER II. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety of adalimumab and to determine how well it works in the treatment of adults with moderate to severe HS. HS is a chronic skin disease that creates red, swollen, painful bumps which can break open to combine and form tunnels in the skin and scars. Sometimes these bumps can heal themselves quickly and sometimes they will become much worse and create sores that heal with multiple combined scars, or areas that do not heal. In this study, approximately 300 adults will be enrolled at treatment centers worldwide. Subject participation in this study will be up to 50 weeks. There will be a screening period, which will last from 7 to 30 days, and a study treatment period of up to 36 weeks. Study visits occur at Screening, Baseline, and Weeks 2, 4, 8, 12, 14, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32 and 36 (or sooner if subject leaves the study before Week 36). The study is divided into two treatment periods. The first period (Period A) will last 12 weeks and the second period (Period B) will last 24 weeks.
PURPOSE: A recombinant immunomodulatory protein rLZ-8 is provided to effectively treat and prevent leukocytopenia and to prevent immune rejection. CONSTITUTION: A nucleic acid molecule encoding recombinant immunomodulatory protein rLZ-8 has a base of sequence number 1. The protein is isolated from Ganoderma Lucidum. A recombinant vector contains the base of sequence number 1. A host cell is transformed with the recombinant vector. The host cells are Pichia pastoris. The recombinant immunomodulatory protein is expressed in Pichia pastoris. A recombinant immunomodulatory protein for treating tumor encodes the base of sequence number 1. A composition for immunomodulation contains the recombinant immunomodulatory protein(rLZ-8) and acceptable adjuvant containing 3-bit drugs.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and is a growing cause of chronic disease internationally. Presently, there are limited treatment options for this disease to modify the progression of airflow obstruction and decrease periodic exacerbations. Recent evidence has emphasized the central role of oxidative stress as a mechanism of COPD pathobiology. Evidence from investigators' group has shown that COPD patients and animals exposed to cigarette smoke have impairment of antioxidant defenses which are caused by a defect in activity of nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2), a prolific regulator of anti-oxidant enzymes, glutathione homeostasis, and cytoprotective proteins. Activation of Nrf2 protects mice with chronic smoke exposure from developing emphysema, decreases oxidative stress, increases proteasomal anti-apoptotic cytoprotective responses, improves bacterial phagocytosis and killing, and reverses tobacco-smoke induced corticosteroid resistance. Similarly, in vitro Nrf2 activation in human COPD lung cells has shown improved cytoprotection, improved bacterial clearance, and restoration of steroid sensitivity. This trial focuses on sulforaphane, a derivative of cruciferous vegetables, which is a potent in vitro and in vivo stimulator of Nrf2 activity. The investigators want to investigate whether ingestion of sulforaphane by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients will increase Nrf2 activity and expression of downstream antioxidants in alveolar macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells. Accordingly, the investigators are conducting a placebo-controlled randomized proof of principle trial of two oral doses of sulforaphane, 25 and 150 micromoles, for 4 weeks in 90 COPD patients. Collections of alveolar macrophages by Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), bronchial epithelial cells by endobronchial brushings will be performed at baseline and 4 weeks. Other bio-specimens will include nasal epithelial cells, Peripheral Blood Monocyte Collection (PBMCs), and expired breath condensate (EBC). The investigators' goal is to establish a safe and tolerable dose of sulforaphane that effects in vivo antioxidants via Nrf2, then the investigators will have a novel candidate treatment for longer-term efficacy trials. Ancillary studies are proposed to explore the efficacy and mechanisms of sulforaphane to increase bacterial clearance and to restore steroid sensitivity in COPD lung cells.