anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Vulvar and vaginal melanomas (VVMs) are rare and aggressive malignancies with limited prognostic models available and there is no standard reporting protocol. VVMs were selected from six tertiary Canadian hospitals from 2000-2021, resected from patients aged ≥18 years, with 6 months or longer follow-up data, and confirmation of melanocytic differentiation by at least two immunohistochemical markers. Cases were reviewed by pathologists to identify histological biomarkers. Survival outcomes were tested with Kaplan-Meier log-rank, univariate Cox, and multivariate Cox regression. There were 79 VVMs with median follow-up at 26 months. Univariate analysis revealed that tumour necrosis, tumour ulceration, positive lymph nodes, and metastasis at diagnosis were significantly associated with disease-specific mortality, progression, and metastasis. Multivariate analysis identified tumour necrosis as an independent prognostic factor for disease-specific mortality (HR 4.803, 95% CI 1.954-11.803, p<0.001), progression (HR 2.676, 95% CI 1.403-5.102, p=0.003), and time-to-metastasis for non-metastatic patients at diagnosis (HR 3.761, 95%CI 1.678-8.431, p=0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analyses demonstrated that tumour necrosis was a poor prognostic factor for disease-specific, progression-free, and metastasis-free survival (p<0.001 for all comparisons). Vaginal melanomas displayed decreased survival compared to vulvar or clitoral melanomas. This study identifies tumour necrosis as an independent prognostic factor for VVMs. Vaginal melanomas specifically showed worse survival outcomes compared to vulvar or clitoral melanomas, consistent with previously reported findings in the literature, emphasising the importance of differentiating between these primary tumour epicentres for prognostication and treatment planning in the care of genital melanoma patients.
PURPOSE: GM1 gangliosidosis (GM1) a lysosomal disorder caused by pathogenic variants in GLB1, is characterized by relentless neurodegeneration. There are no approved treatments.
METHODS: Forty-one individuals with type II (late-infantile and juvenile) GM1 participated in a single-site prospective observational study.
RESULTS: Classification of 37 distinct variants using American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics criteria resulted in the upgrade of 6 and the submission of 4 new variants. In contrast to type I infantile disease, children with type II had normal or near normal hearing and did not have cherry-red maculae or hepatosplenomegaly. Some older children with juvenile onset disease developed thickened aortic and/or mitral valves. Serial magnetic resonance images demonstrated progressive brain atrophy, more pronounced in late infantile patients. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed worsening elevation of myo-inositol and deficit of N-acetyl aspartate that were strongly correlated with scores on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale, progressing more rapidly in late infantile compared with juvenile onset disease.
CONCLUSION: Serial phenotyping of type II GM1 patients expands the understanding of disease progression and clarifies common misconceptions about type II patients; these are pivotal steps toward more timely diagnosis and better supportive care. The data amassed through this 10-year effort will serve as a robust comparator for ongoing and future therapeutic trials.
Traumatic lesions on human skeletal remains are widely used for reconstructing past accidents or violent encounters and for comparing trauma prevalence across samples over time and space. However, uncertainties in trauma prevalence estimates increase proportionally with decreasing skeletal completeness, as once-present trauma might have gone missing. To account for this bias, samples are typically restricted to skeletal remains meeting a predefined minimum completeness threshold. However, the effect of this common practice on resulting estimates remains unexplored. Here, we test the performance of the conventional frequency approach, which considers only specimens with ≥ 75% completeness, against a recent alternative based on generalized linear models (GLMs), integrating specimen completeness as a covariate. Using a simulation framework grounded on empirical forensic, clinical, and archaeological data, we evaluated how closely frequency- and GLM-based estimates conform to the known trauma prevalence of once-complete cranial samples after introducing increasing levels of missing values. We show that GLM-based estimates were consistently more precise than frequencies across all levels of incompleteness and regardless of sample size. Unlike GLMs, frequencies increasingly produced incorrect relative patterns between samples and occasionally failed to produce estimates as incompleteness increased, particularly in smaller samples. Consequently, we generally recommend using GLMs and their extensions over frequencies, although neither approach is fully reliable when applied to largely incomplete samples.
536,810. Artificial teeth. DENTISTS' SUPPLY CO. Sept. 18, 1939, No. 26102. Convention date, May 31. [Class 81 (ii)] [Also in Group XXIII] Artificial dentures are formed with the teeth and dental base fused together in an integral unit, the ceramic material for the teeth consisting of a mixture of 70 - 90 per cent feldspar and 10-30 per cent amorphous silica and for the denture base of a mixture of 65 - 80 per cent feldspar, 10 - 20 per cent amorphous silica and 5-15 per cent borax glass. These two mixtures have substantially the same expansion and contraction curves and so may be fused together without checking or cracking. A temporary denture base 13 with artificial teeth 14 set therein is formed on a model of the mouth 10 fixed in the lower half of the flask 12. The upper half of the flask is then placed in position and investment material introduced. When it has set the two halves of the flask are separated and the temporary denture base melted away, leaving the teeth fixed in the investment material. The mould so formed is then filled with the denture base ceramic material 19 and the flask placed in a kiln and heated to the softening temperature of this material. A weight may be placed on the top of the flask to assist the formation of the denture. The investment material used consists of 10 - 25 per cent Hydrocal (a form of calcium sulphate), 30 - 80 per cent feldspar and 10-45 per cent silica grog.
This study is a phase III, double-blind, randomized controlled trial of 924 HIV- uninfected children. Children born to mothers enrolled in an ongoing clinical trial of different IPTp arms in pregnancy (NCT 04336189) will be enrolled in this study. In the parent IPTp study, 2757 HIV-uninfected pregnant women will be randomized to receive IPTp with monthly sulfadoxine pyrimethamine (SP) alone, monthly DP alone, or both monthly SP+DP, and followed through 4 weeks postpartum. At the 4-week postpartum visit, we will enroll and randomize 924 eligible children to one of three IPTc arms: no IPTc (the current standard of care), monthly DP from 8 weeks to 1 year of age, or monthly DP from 8 weeks to 2 years of age. Study drugs will be placebo controlled and all doses of study drug will be given by directly observed therapy (DOT). The intervention phase will be completed at 2 years of age, and children followed through 4 years of age. Study participants will be followed for all of their outpatient medical care in our dedicated study clinic. Malaria incidence will be measured via active case detection. Routine assessments will be performed in the study clinic for all study participants every 4 weeks, including passive surveillance for parasitemia by quantitive polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Venous blood will be collected for immunologic assays three times annually from 8 weeks to 4 years of age. All maternal assessments conducted during the parent IPTp study, including assessment for maternal malaria exposure (e.g., placental histology) household survey, will be available and linked to each study participant.
This study is for subjects with a diagnosis of a brain tumor called glioblastoma that is being treated with bevacizumab. Bevacizumab is a drug that your doctor believes is the best treatment option available to subjects at this time for this type of tumor. Bevacizumab affects the growth of blood vessels by tumors such as glioblastoma, thus effectively starving the tumor of oxygen and food.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a test done by a machine in the radiology department that takes pictures of your body using special magnets, rather than X-rays. With a new MRI scan technique the investigators can take very, very detailed images of the vessel and tumor structure. This project will allow us to compare the images of vessel and tumor structure to the effectiveness of Bevacizumab as a treatment option. With this project the investigators will hopefully develop an accurate way to predict whether or not Bevacizumab will be an effective treatment option for patients.
The patients are placed in supine position with knee preparation using an iodine-based product and drape in a sterile manner Then the ground pad of the radio frequency machine will be placed in the other leg (we used the Neurotherm NT1100 re generator) All the patients will be monitored by ECG, noninvasive blood pressure and pulse oximetry The 3 entry sites will be detected under fluoroscopy then local anesthesia will be performed using lidocaine 2% followed by the insertion of the 3 radiofrequency cannulas (STRYKER 20 G, 9 cm with 1 cm active tip) targeting the 3 main nerves ( superior medial genicular, superior lateral genicular and the inferior medial genicular nerves ). this group will receive radio frequency alone .
The discovery and regulation of a 12-LO isoform (hl 12-LO) expressed in human tissues and of a similar isoform in PVSMCs is described. Various ribozyme and chemical inhibitors of the hl 12-LO pathway are described. The involvement of this 12-LO pathway in AII induced hypertrophy is demonstrated. It is shown that HG culture potentiates the stimulatory effects of AII and HETE in vascular smooth muscles. A specific aspect of the invention is the discovery that activation of a 12-LO pathway in vascular smooth muscle accentuates AII induced vascular hypertrophic response in diabetes mellitus. Human therapy involving mediation of the hl 12-LO pathway is described.
BACKGROUND: Ewing sarcoma is a malignant round-cell tumor that primarily affects bones in children. It can also arise in extraosseous tissues, such as the lung, kidneys, and liver. The presentation symptoms of Ewing sarcoma may include cough, dyspnea, and chest pain.
CASE PRESENTATION: This report details the history of a 15-year-old Syrian boy with a previous diagnosis of Hodgkin lymphoma who presented with chronic shoulder pain. Imaging studies revealed an 80 mm mass in the apex of the left lung, which was confirmed through histopathological examination to be Ewing sarcoma following a computed-tomography-guided biopsy. The patient received multiple cycles of chemotherapy and subsequently underwent surgical resection of the remaining mass.
CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights the rare occurrence of Ewing sarcoma in the lung and the unusual clinical presentation of shoulder pain without other accompanying symptoms.
Forty-five healthy subjects (male: 12, female: 33) were offered a standardized breakfast and 2h after consumed one of the two preloads (goat milk yogurt and milk with lactic acid) served as snack in random order. Three hours after, subjects were given ad libitum access to a meal (lunch and dessert). Foods were weighed at the time of serving and any leftovers were weighed again after meal to determine the amount of food consumed. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were collected before and after foods. Subjective appetite ratings were collected using 100mm visual analogue scales (VAS).
The association between cancer and inflammation is well established. Chronic inflammation represents a fundamental step in the development and progression of some types of cancer. Tumors are composed of a heterogeneous population of infiltrating cells including macrophages, fibroblasts, lymphocytes, granulocytes, and mast cells, which respond to signals from the microenvironment and, in turn, produce cytokines, chemokines, transcription factors, receptors, and miRNAs. Recent data demonstrate that, in addition to classical (M1) and alternative (M2) macrophage subtypes, there are many intermediate subtypes that potentially play different roles in response to environmental stimuli. Tumors are infiltrated by macrophages called TAMs that mainly display an M2-like phenotype and tumor growth-permissive activities. There is a bidirectional interaction between tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating cells that determines macrophage polarization and ultimately tumor progression or regression. These complex interactions are still unclear but understanding them is fundamental for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Re-educating tumor-permissive macrophages into anti-tumor macrophages is a new focus of research. This review aims to analyze the most recent articles investigating the interplay between tumors, tumor-infiltrating cells, and TAMs, and the strategies for re-educating tumor-permissive macrophages.
In this group patients will receive in a sterile fashion continuous radiofrequency for 4 minutes to the 3 genicular nerves in the operative knee as well as Pulsed Radiofrequency at 42 degrees celsius, for 4 minutes (60-70 volts) to the saphenous nerve and the nerve to the Vastus Medialis, at the level of the adductor canal. The procedure is done under local anesthesia on an ambulatory basis. After the radiofrequency, Ropivacaine 0.5% 5 ml is injected to each one of the nerves, along with 5 milligrams of Methylprednisolone to each nerve. Once the procedure is completed (takes about 20 minutes), patients will be observed in the preoperative program facility for 30 minutes and then discharged home.
Risk Summary

Available data with H2-receptor antagonists, including famotidine, in pregnant women are insufficient to establish a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. In animal reproduction studies, no adverse development effects were observed with oral administration of famotidine at doses up to approximately 243 and 122 times, respectively, the recommended human dose of 80 mg per day for the treatment of erosive esophagitis (see Data). The estimated background risk for major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively.

Data

Animal Data

Reproductive studies have been performed in rats and rabbits at oral doses of up to 2,000 and 500 mg/kg/day, respectively, and in both species at intravenous doses of up to 200 mg/kg/day, and have revealed no significant evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to famotidine. While no direct fetotoxic effects have been observed, sporadic abortions occurring only in mothers displaying marked decreased food intake were seen in some rabbits at oral doses of 200 mg/kg/day (about 49 times the recommended human dose of 80 mg per day, based on body surface area) or higher. There are, however, no adequate or well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproductive studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.
### Teratogenic Effects

#### Pregnancy Category C

No epidemiological studies of congenital anomalies in infants born to women treated with fentanyl during pregnancy have been reported.

The potential effects of fentanyl on embryo-fetal development were studied in the rat, mouse, and rabbit models. Published literature reports that administration of fentanyl (0, 10, 100, or 500 mcg/kg/day) to pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats from day 7 to 21 via implanted microosmotic minipumps did not produce any evidence of teratogenicity (the high dose is approximately 2 times the daily human dose administered by a 100 mcg/hr patch on a mg/m2 basis). In contrast, the intravenous administration of fentanyl (0, 0.01, or 0.03 mg/kg) to bred female rats from gestation day 6 to 18 suggested evidence of embryotoxicity and a slight increase in mean delivery time in the 0.03 mg/kg/day group. There was no clear evidence of teratogenicity noted.

Pregnant female New Zealand White rabbits were treated with fentanyl (0, 0.025, 0.1, 0.4 mg/kg) via intravenous infusion from day 6 to day 18 of pregnancy. Fentanyl produced a slight decrease in the body weight of the live fetuses at the high dose, which may be attributed to maternal toxicity. Under the conditions of the assay, there was no evidence for fentanyl-induced adverse effects on embryo-fetal development at doses up to 0.4 mg/kg (approximately 3 times the daily human dose administered by a 100 mcg/hr patch on a mg/m2 basis).

There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women. Fentanyl transdermal system should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

### Nonteratogenic Effects

Chronic maternal treatment with fentanyl during pregnancy has been associated with transient respiratory depression, behavioral changes, or seizures characteristic of neonatal abstinence syndrome in newborn infants. Symptoms of neonatal respiratory or neurological depression were no more frequent than expected in most studies of infants born to women treated acutely during labor with intravenous or epidural fentanyl. Transient neonatal muscular rigidity has been observed in infants whose mothers were treated with intravenous fentanyl.

The potential effects of fentanyl on prenatal and postnatal development were examined in the rat model. Female Wistar rats were treated with 0, 0.025, 0.1, or 0.4 mg/kg/day fentanyl via intravenous infusion from day 6 of pregnancy through 3 weeks of lactation. Fentanyl treatment (0.4 mg/kg/day) significantly decreased body weight in male and female pups and also decreased survival in pups at day 4. Both the mid-dose and high-dose of fentanyl animals demonstrated alterations in some physical landmarks of development (delayed incisor eruption and eye opening) and transient behavioral development (decreased locomotor activity at day 28 which recovered by day 50). The mid-dose and the high-dose are 0.4 and 1.6 times the daily human dose administered by a 100 mcg/hr patch on a mg/m2 basis.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent neurological disease of the central nervous system that is the leading cause of neurological disability among young adults in the United States. This disease results in the progressive loss of walking, substantial worsening of cognition, symptoms of fatigue, as well as compromised quality of life (QoL). There is evidence that physical activity is beneficially associated with walking mobility, cognitive function, symptoms of fatigue, depression, anxiety, and pain in persons with MS. Nonetheless, this population is strikingly sedentary and physically inactive, including persons newly diagnosed with MS (diagnosed with MS for two years or less). Indeed, approximately 40% of persons with MS reported stopping physical activity after an MS diagnosis, and persons recently diagnosed with MS have not been included in physical activity intervention research. Yet, the early stage of MS represents an ideal time point for initiating physical activity for life-long benefits. There is further evidence that physical activity and exercises interventions delivered remotely can yield benefits in managing MS symptoms and comorbidities, and disability progression. To this end, the objective of this current study is to examine the efficacy of a 16-week remotely delivered behavioral intervention, compared with a control condition (i.e., waitlist control), for increasing physical activity and improving secondary outcomes in persons newly diagnosed with MS (disease duration ≤ 2 years). Participants will complete a series of assessments of physical activity, MS symptoms, and physical and cognitive function before and immediately after the 16-week program. The assessments involve the completion of a battery of questionnaires remotely over the Internet. The investigators will also ask that participants wear an accelerometer (like a pedometer) during the waking hours of the day for a 7-day period as an assessment of physical activity. The first assessments occur upon enrollment in the study (Baseline Assessment) and the second occurs right after the intervention (16- week Assessment). In this study, participants will be randomly assigned into 1 of 2 conditions: a physical activity condition (receive the intervention immediately after baseline assessment) or a waitlist condition (receive the intervention after the 16-week assessment). Participants in both conditions will receive access to an Internet delivered program for 16 weeks as well as one-on-one coaching through Zoom. The investigators will ask that participants in the physical activity condition wear a Fitbit (this is different from the accelerometer) for tracking physical activity daily during the 16- week period. The investigators will further ask that information from the Fitbit be recorded into a logbook daily.