anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
TMC435 is being investigated for the treatment of chronic hepatitic C infection. The results of this study will provide dosing recommendations for the administration of TMC435 in Chinese HCV-infected patients. This is a Phase I, open label (both participant and investigator know the name of the medication given at certain moment), randomized (study medication is assigned by chance) study to investigate the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of TMC435 after single and repeated intakes. Each participant will receive 2 treatments. First, participants will receive TMC435 as a single dose of 100 or 200 mg. Thereafter, in the multiple dose part, 100 or 200 mg TMC435 will be administered during 5 consecutuve days every morning. Both treatments will be administered with food. There will be a washout period of at least 72 hours between the 2 treatments. The main focus of the trial is the pharmacokinetic characteristics (level-profile of TMC435 over time in the blood stream). This evaluation requires multiple blood samples from Day 1 till Day 3 in the first session and from Day 1 till Day 11 in the second session. Safety assessments (blood and urine tests, blood pressure, pulse, electrocardiogram, and physical examination) will follow a different schedule and will be performed during each treatment period, up to 4 weeks after the last. Each volunteer participate in 2 treatments, i.e., single dose period and multiple dose period. In the single dose part, planned doses will be 100 or 200 mg TMC435. In the multiple dose part, TMC435 will be administered during 5 consecutive days every morning.
This is a hybrid 1 effectiveness-implementation, mixed methods study that involves conducting a longitudinal randomized controlled trial in which high-risk, heavy drinking MSM (N = 360) will be recruited online from several high-incidence US cities: Atlanta, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, Washington DC/Baltimore. Participants will be sent HIV and STI self-testing kits at baseline, 6 mo., and 12 mo. Along with their test kits, they will be randomized to receive access to either: (1) a 24-hour helpline providing free standard post-test counseling and referral, or (2) the 24-hour helpline plus the Game Plan app. Test kits will provide testing and results for HIV, Syphilis, and genital, rectal, and pharyngeal Gonorrhea and Chlamydia, as well as phosphatidylethanol (PEth). Participants will also be asked to complete an online follow-up survey every three months that assess drinking, sexual behavior, and use of prevention methods over the 12-month study period. At 12 mo., 30 participants and 12 HST stakeholders will be recruited to participate in qualitative interviews to issues relevant to implementing Game Plan alongside HIV testing programs. Specifically, this study aims to: (1) test whether using a brief, MI-inspired, web-based intervention (Game Plan) after HST reduces (a) binge drinking, (b) the average number of drinks per drinking day over 12 months among heavy-drinking and high-risk, HIV-negative MSM, compared to providing access to a 24h helpline providing risk-reduction counseling alone, (2) test whether using Game Plan results in lower rates of (a) bacterial STIs, (b) high-risk CAS, and (c) higher rates of PrEP uptake over 12 months, and (3) to assess Game Plan's potential for implementation into self-testing programs by examining indicators of adoption, engagement, appropriateness and satisfaction among MSM assigned to have access to the site. Investigators will use site metrics and responses, survey data, and in-depth qualitative interview data from users and virtual focus groups with stakeholders to help address key implementation questions.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental carcinogens accountable to developing skin cancers. Recently, we reported that exposure to benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a common PAH, causes epigenetic and metabolic alterations in the initiation, promotion and progression of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). As a follow-up investigation, this study examines how dietary triterpenoid ursolic acid (UA) regulates B[a]P-driven epigenetic and metabolic pathways in SKH-1 hairless mice. Our results show UA intercepts against B[a]P-induced tumorigenesis at different stages of NMSC. Epigenomic cytosines followed by guanine residues (CpG) methyl-seq data showed UA diminished B[a]P-mediated differentially methylated regions (DMRs) profiles. Transcriptomic RNA-seq revealed UA revoked B[a]P-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of skin cancer-related genes, such as leucine-rich repeat LGI family member 2 (Lgi2) and kallikrein-related peptidase 13 (Klk13), indicating UA plays a vital role in B[a]P-mediated gene regulation and its potential consequences in NMSC interception. Association analysis of DEGs and DMRs found that the mRNA expression of KLK13 gene was correlated with the promoter CpG methylation status in the early-stage comparison group, indicating UA could regulate the KLK13 by modulating its promoter methylation at an early stage of NMSC. The metabolomic study showed UA alters B[a]P-regulated cancer-associated metabolisms like thiamin metabolism, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism during the initiation phase; pyruvate, citrate and thiamin metabolism during the promotion phase; and beta-alanine and pathothenate coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis during the late progression phase. Taken together, UA reverses B[a]P-driven epigenetic, transcriptomic and metabolic reprogramming, potentially contributing to the overall cancer interception against B[a]P-mediated NMSC.
After inclusion patients will receive dostarlimab at 500 mg q3w (± 2-3 days) for 4 cycles (C1-C4). Then, an adaptive treatment strategy will be determined based on clinical assessment of the patient.
Solid oral dosage forms of potassium chloride can produce ulcerative and/or stenotic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. Based on spontaneous adverse reaction reports, enteric-coated preparations of potassium chloride are associated with an increased frequency of small bowel lesions (40 to 50 per 100,000 patient years) compared to sustained-release wax matrix formulations (less than one per 100,000 patient years). Because of the lack of extensive marketing experience with microencapsulated products, a comparison between such products and wax matrix or enteric-coated products is not available. Potassium chloride extended-release tablets are tablet formulated to provide an controlled rate of release of microencapsulated potassium chloride and thus to minimize the possibility of a high local concentration of potassium near the gastrointestinal wall.

Prospective trials have been conducted in normal human volunteers in which the upper gastrointestinal tract was evaluated by endoscopic inspection before and after 1 week of solid oral potassium chloride therapy. The ability of this model to predict events occurring in usual clinical practice is unknown. Trials which approximated usual clinical practice did not reveal any clear differences between the wax matrix and microencapsulated dosage forms. In contrast, there was a higher incidence of gastric and duodenal lesions in subjects receiving a high dose of a wax matrix controlled-release formulation under conditions which did not resemble usual or recommended clinical practice (i.e., 96 mEq per day in divided doses of potassium chloride administered to fasted patients, in the presence of an anticholinergic drug to delay gastric emptying). The upper gastrointestinal lesions observed by endoscopy were asymptomatic and were not accompanied by evidence of bleeding (Hemoccult testing). The relevance of these findings to the usual conditions (i.e., non-fasting, no anticholinergic agent, smaller doses) under which controlled-release potassium chloride products are used is uncertain; epidemiologic studies have not identified an elevated risk, compared to microencapsulated products, for upper gastrointestinal lesions in patients receiving wax matrix formulations. Potassium chloride extended-release tablets should be discontinued immediately, and the possibility of ulceration, obstruction, or perforation should be considered if severe vomiting, abdominal pain, distention, or gastrointestinal bleeding occurs.
1. During the administration of dobutamine, as with any adrenergic agent, ECG and blood pressure should be continuously monitored. In addition, pulmonary wedge pressure and cardiac output should be monitored whenever possible to aid in the safe and effective infusion of dobutamine.
  2. Hypovolemia should be corrected with suitable volume expanders before treatment with dobutamine is instituted.
  3. No improvement may be observed in the presence of marked mechanical obstruction, such as severe valvular aortic stenosis.
The invention provides nourishing moisturizing cream. The formula comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.0 parts of white oil, 1.0 part of Tween-80, 2.0 parts of isopropyl palmitate, 1.0 part of E-Inspire343, 3.0 parts of octadecanol, defined amount of preservative, 2.0 parts of glycerin monostearate, defined amount of essence and 1.0 part of Span-80. The raw materials have synergistic effects in dosages and physicochemical properties, thus achieving the skin moisturizing and protecting effects. The PH value of the moisturizing cream is close to the PH values of human skins, so that the moisturizing cream is non-irritant to skins. Users obviously feel comfortable, soft and moist after using the moisturizing cream. The moisturizing cream has obvious brightening and skin softening effects.
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a common malignant cancer in the biliary system, which poses a serious threat to human health. It is urgent to explore ideal drugs for the treatment of GBC. Matrine is the main active ingredient of Sophora flavescentis, with a wide range of biological activities encompassing anti-inflammatory, antiviral, immunomodulatory, and anti-tumor. However, the underlying mechanism by which Matrine treats GBC is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the anti-tumor effects of Matrine on GBC in vivo and in vitro and to clarify the potential regulatory mechanisms. Here, we found that Matrine had a significant killing effect on GBC through CCK8 and flow cytometry, including arrest of cell cycle, inhibition of GBC cell, and induction of apoptosis. Further in vivo studies confirmed the inhibitory effect of Matrine on tumor growth in NOZ xenografted nude mouse. At the same time, Matrine also significantly suppressed the migration and invasion of GBC cells through scratch and Transwell experiments. In addition, by detecting the mRNA and protein levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and matrix metalloproteinases, Matrine furtherly substantiated the inhibitory role on invasion and migration of GBC. From a mechanistic perspective, network pharmacology analysis suggests that the potential targets of Matrine in the treatment of GBC are enriched in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Subsequently, Matrine effectively decreased the abundance of p-PI3K and p-AKT protein in vivo and in vitro. More importantly, PI3K activator (740 Y-P) antagonized the anti-tumor effect of Matrine, while PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) increased the sensitivity of Matrine for GBC. Based on the above findings, we conclude that Matrine inhibits the invasion and migration of GBC by regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Our results indicate the crucial role and regulatory mechanism of Matrine in suppressing the growth of GBC, which provides a theoretical basis for Matrine to be a candidate drug for the treatment and research of GBC.
Life-threatening systemic toxicity has been reported with the topical use of fluorouracil in a patient with DPD deficiency. Symptoms included severe abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and chills. Physical examination revealed stomatitis, erythematous skin rash, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, inflammation of the esophagus, stomach and small bowel. 

A large percentage of fluorouracil is catabolized by the DPD enzyme. DPD enzyme deficiency may result in increased availability of fluorouracil to the anabolic pathway, which may lead to increased interference with DNA and RNA synthesis and increased cytotoxic activity and potential toxicities [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.1)]. Therefore, Tolak Cream is contraindicated in patients with DPD deficiency.

Patients should discontinue Tolak Cream if symptoms of fluorouracil's systemic toxicity develop.
Following consent and the completion of the baseline assessments the control group will receive basic education on symptom management. At the 3 month timepoint they will be prompted to order their device and receive enhanced education that will provide information on how wearable devices can be used to monitor and manage symptoms.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE          This invention relates to a new antibiotic agent which also possesses growth promoting activity, isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces lactamdurans by solvent extraction, and designated FR-02A.          FR-02A is an antibiotic which is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and accordingly may be used in the treatment of a broad spectrum of infections in animals.  More particularly, FR-02A is effective against PPLO in chickens, pigs and cattle.  It is effective against mouse coccidiosis and the most prevalent types of chicken coccidiosis. It is efficacious subcu-taneously against M. galliscpticum air sacculitis in broil-ers, and orally effective in mice in systemic infections produced by Bordetella bronchiseptica.  Furthermore, FR-02A can be used as a growth promoting agent for animals such as chickens, pigs and cattle.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an age-related inflammatory disease with no cure up till now.It is accompanied by neutrophils infiltration as the main responders to inflammation and fibrosis. Importantly, neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) through NETosis process. The function of microRNAs during inflammation became of great biological attention. Owing to microRNAs' central role in immune system, microRNA-155-5p (miR-155-5p) is intensely involved in the inflammatory response. Capsaicin (Cap) is a bioactive compound that exhibits antioxidative and anti-inflammatory functions. Recent studies have shown its role in regulation of certain microRNAs' expressions. Accordingly, the present study aims to investigate the effect of miR-155-5p regulation in suppressing NETs production via ameliorating its target inflammatory cytokines, IL-1ß, TNF-α and TGF-ß1, in bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis rat model treated by Cap. The obtained results demonstrated that miR-155-5p downregulation was associated with significant decrease in IL-1ß, TNF-α, TGF-β1, which consequently, reduced hydroxyproline (HYP), NETs activity markers as NE and PAD-4, and alleviated CTGF levels in lung tissues of animals treated by Cap. Furthermore, NETosis ultrastructure examination by transmission electron microscope (TEM), MPO immunohistochemical staining and histopathological studies confirmed an abolishment in NETs formation and an improvement in lung tissue architecture in Cap-treated rats. This study concluded that Cap quenched the inflammatory response through interrupting IL-1β, TNF-α and TGF-β1 pathway via modulating miR-155-5p expression. In addition, Cap was able to alleviate pulmonary NETosis markers by restraining NETs activity markers. These findings provide novel insight into the application of Cap-based treatment in ameliorating pulmonary damage in IPF.
BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment demonstrated a reduction in mortality among patients suffering from severe spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SSICH). However, which SSICH patients could benefit from surgical treatment was unclear. This study aimed to establish and validate a decision tree (DT) model to help determine which SSICH patients could benefit from surgical treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: SSICH patients from a prospective, multicenter cohort study were analyzed retrospectively. The primary outcome was the incidence of neurological poor outcome (modified Rankin scale as 4-6) on the 180th day posthemorrhage. Then, surgically-treated SSICH patients were set as the derivation cohort (from a referring hospital) and validation cohort (from multiple hospitals). A DT model to evaluate the risk of 180-day poor outcome was developed within the derivation cohort and validated within the validation cohort. The performance of clinicians in identifying patients with poor outcome before and after the help of the DT model was compared using the area under curve (AUC).
RESULTS: One thousand two hundred sixty SSICH patients were included in this study (middle age as 56, and 984 male patients). Surgically-treated patients had a lower incidence of 180-day poor outcome compared to conservatively-treated patients (147/794 vs. 128/466, P <0.001). Based on 794 surgically-treated patients, multivariate logistic analysis revealed the ischemic cerebro-cardiovascular disease history, renal dysfunction, dual antiplatelet therapy, hematoma volume, and Glasgow coma score at admission as poor outcome factors. The DT model, incorporating these above factors, was highly predictive of 180-day poor outcome within the derivation cohort (AUC, 0.94) and validation cohort (AUC, 0.92). Within 794 surgically-treated patients, the DT improved junior clinicians' performance to identify patients at risk for poor outcomes (AUC from 0.81 to 0.89, P <0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: This study provided a DT model for predicting the poor outcome of SSICH patients postsurgically, which may serve as a useful tool assisting clinicians in treatment decision-making for SSICH.
Medi-551 maintenance therapy will be initiated on Day 60, Day 90, or Day 120 of NM-AlloSCT based on the eligibility criteria for the initiation of maintenance therapy as described in Section 3.1. MEDI-551 will be administered on 28-day cycles at a dose of 4mg/kg, as an IV infusion over 60 ±15 minutes. Infusion sets must contain a 0.2 micron in-line filter. MEDI-551 will be administered on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycle 1, then 4mg/kg IV on day1 of cycles 2 through 12. Treatment may be stopped earlier if there is unacceptable toxicity, development of Grade 3 or 4 graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), documentation of disease progression, or patient withdrawal for other reasons.
Obesity is a global health challenge that has received increasing attention in contemporary research. The gut microbiota has been implicated in the development of obesity, primarily through its involvement in regulating various host metabolic processes. Recent research suggests that epigenetic modifications may serve as crucial pathways through which the gut microbiota and its metabolites contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity and other metabolic disorders. Hence, understanding the interplay between gut microbiota and epigenetic mechanisms is crucial for elucidating the impact of obesity on the host. This review primarily focuses on the understanding of the relationship between the gut microbiota and its metabolites with epigenetic mechanisms in several obesity-related pathogenic mechanisms, including energy dysregulation, metabolic inflammation, and maternal inheritance. These findings could serve as novel therapeutic targets for probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation tools in treating metabolic disruptions. It may also aid in developing therapeutic strategies that modulate the gut microbiota, thereby regulating the metabolic characteristics of obesity.
BACKGROUND: A proportion of patients undergoing midline laparotomy will develop surgical site infections after surgery. These complications place considerable financial burden on healthcare economies and have negative implications for patient health and quality of life. The prophylactic application of negative pressure wound therapy devices has been mooted as a pragmatic strategy to reduce surgical site infections. Nevertheless, further availability of multicentre randomized clinical trial data evaluating the prophylactic use of negative pressure wound therapy following midline laparotomy is warranted to definitely provide consensus in relation to these closure methods, while also deciphering potential differences among subgroups. The aim of this study is to determine whether prophylactic negative pressure wound therapy reduces postoperative wound complications in patients undergoing midline laparotomy.
METHODS: PROPEL-2 is a multicentre prospective randomized clinical trial designed to compare standard surgical dressings (control arm) with negative pressure wound therapy dressings (Prevena™ and PICO™ being the most commonly utilized). Patient recruitment will include adult patients aged 18 years or over, who are indicated to undergo emergency or elective laparotomy. To achieve 90% power at the 5% significance level, 1006 patients will be required in each arm, which when allowing for losses to follow-up, 10% will be added to each arm, leaving the total projected sample size to be 2013 patients, who will be recruited across a 36-month enrolment period.
CONCLUSION: The PROPEL-2 trial will be the largest independent multicentre randomized clinical trial designed to assess the role of prophylactic negative pressure wound therapy in patients indicated to undergo midline laparotomy. The comparison of standard treatment to two commercially available negative pressure wound therapy devices will help provide consensus on the routine management of laparotomy wounds. Enrolment to PROPEL-2 began in June 2023. Registration number: NCT05977816 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
The invention discloses active ammonia peptide nutrient and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of pharmacy. The conventional nutraceuticals have the problems of lower active ingredients and slow human absorption. The invention provides the active ammonia peptide nutrient and the preparation method thereof. The formula comprises 20 to 30 parts of young pigeon, 20 to 30 parts of pigeon egg albumen, 30 to 50 parts of soybeans, 10 to 20 parts of sheep embryo, 2 to 5 parts of papain, and 1 to 2 parts of tocopherol. The method comprises the following steps of: adding water into the soybeans to soak the soybeans for 24 hours, then mixing with the young pigeon, the pigeon egg albumen and the sheep embryo according to the formula, performing damage treatment, antioxidation treatment and grinding by using a colloid mill, then mixing with the activated papain for enzymolysis, filtering an enzymolyzed material to obtain first filter residue and first filtrate, washing the filter residue by using pure water, filtering to obtain second filter residue and second filtrate, mixing the first filtrate and the second filtrate, drying through freezing and vacuum sublimation, and then adding liquid nitrogen for low-temperature crushing to obtain a finished product. The method is simple in processing technology and suitable for industrialized production; and the product has the advantages of rich nutrition, high active ingredient content and quick absorption by human bodies.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled gel material derived from a medicinal drug system and a dispersed system consisting of a continuous phase composed mainly of water and a dispersed phase composed mainly of a specific polymer, and having improved remedying effect without causing the degradation of the drug component. CONSTITUTION:A dispersed system consisting of a continuous phase composed mainly of water (85-30wt% based on the whole gel) and a dispersed phase composed mainly of a polymer having a glass-transition temperature of -15--80 deg.C (e.g. styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer) is cooled to effect the freezing of the continuous phase and the coagulation of the polymeric phase to form the skeleton of the objective gel. The liquid retained in the skeleton of the gel is composed mainly of the liquid produced by the melting of the above continuous phase. A porous medicinal gel material containing a drug (e.g. corticosteroid, analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent, tranquillizer, etc.) can be produced by this process. EFFECT:The rate of release of the drug can be controlled.