anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Biochemical recurrence (BCR) after primary definitive treatment for prostate cancer (PCa) is a heterogeneous disease state. While BCR is associated with worse oncologic outcomes, risk factors that impact outcomes can vary significantly, necessitating avenues for risk stratification. We sought to identify prognostic risk factors at the time of recurrence after primary radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy, and prior to salvage treatment(s), associated with adverse oncologic outcomes.
METHODS: We performed a systematic review of prospective studies in EMBASE, MEDLINE, and ClinicalTrials.gov (from January 1, 2000 to October 16, 2023) according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines (CRD42023466330). We reviewed the factors associated with oncologic outcomes among patients with BCR after primary definitive treatment.
KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS: A total of 37 studies were included (total n = 10 632), 25 after prostatectomy (total n = 9010) and 12 after radiotherapy (total n = 1622). Following recurrence after prostatectomy, factors associated with adverse outcomes include higher pathologic T stage and grade group, negative surgical margins, shorter prostate-specific antigen doubling time (PSADT), higher prostate-specific antigen (PSA) prior to salvage treatment, shorter time to recurrence, the 22-gene tumor RNA signature, and recurrence location on molecular imaging. After recurrence following radiotherapy, factors associated with adverse outcomes include a shorter time to recurrence, and shorter PSADT or higher PSA velocity. Grade group, T stage, and prior short-term hormone therapy (4-6 mo) were not clearly associated with adverse outcomes, although sample size and follow-up were generally limited compared with postprostatectomy data.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: This work highlights the recommendations and level of evidence for risk stratifying patients with PCa recurrence, and can be used as a benchmark for personalizing salvage treatment based on prognostics.
Adolescent and young adults (AYAs) belong to a unique category of patients diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a leading cause of treatment-related mortality in ALL patients. However, the epidemiology and risk factors for mortality from BSIs in AYA patients remain unclear. In this study, we analysed these aspects in AYAs patients and compared similarities and differences with children (<15 years old) and older adults (>39 years old). We analysed the pathogenic epidemiology, antibiotic resistance and BSI risk factors of 73 children, 180 AYAs, and 110 older adults with ALL in three comprehensive hospitals from January 2010 to August 2021. The data on BSIs in AYAs were compared to that of the other two groups. In this study, the epidemiology of BSIs in AYAs was similar to that of older adult patients. Concerning clinical characteristics, most AYAs and older adults with BSIs were in a relapsed or uncontrolled state (34.5% vs. 35.4%, p = 0.861). In terms of pathogen distribution, Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) were the most common causative pathogens in AYAs and older adult groups. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria were more commonly found in AYAs than in children (32.8% vs. 16.4%, p = 0.09). Regarding risk factors, the length of hospitalization (>14 days) and renal inadequacy (creatinine ≥ 177 μmol/L) were influencing factors for 30-day mortality in AYAs patients with BSIs. In our study, AYA patients with BSIs showed clinical characteristics and pathogen distributions similar to those of older adult patients but quite different from those of children.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared with rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

The placebo used in clinical studies consisted of inhaled lactose powder, which is also the vehicle for the active drug; therefore, some adverse events occurring at similar frequencies in different treatment groups could be related to lactose vehicle inhalation.

Treatment of Influenza: Clinical Trials in Adults and Adolescents: Adverse events that occurred with an incidence ≥1.5% in treatment studies are listed in Table 1. This table shows adverse events occurring in patients ≥12 years of age receiving RELENZA 10 mg inhaled twice daily, RELENZA in all inhalation regimens, and placebo inhaled twice daily (where placebo consisted of the same lactose vehicle used in RELENZA).

Additional adverse reactions occurring in less than 1.5% of patients receiving RELENZA included malaise, fatigue, fever, abdominal pain, myalgia, arthralgia, and urticaria.

The most frequent laboratory abnormalities in Phase III treatment studies included elevations of liver enzymes and CPK, lymphopenia, and neutropenia. These were reported in similar proportions of zanamivir and lactose vehicle placebo recipients with acute influenza-like illness.

Clinical Trials in Pediatric Patients: Adverse events that occurred with an incidence ≥1.5% in children receiving treatment doses of RELENZA in 2 Phase III studies are listed in Table 2. This table shows adverse events occurring in pediatric patients 5 to 12 years old receiving RELENZA 10 mg inhaled twice daily and placebo inhaled twice daily (where placebo consisted of the same lactose vehicle used in RELENZA).

In 1 of the 2 studies described in Table 2, some additional information is available from children (5 to 12 years old) without acute influenza-like illness who received an investigational prophylaxis regimen of RELENZA; 132 children received RELENZA and 145 children received placebo. Among these children, nasal signs and symptoms (zanamivir 20%, placebo 9%), cough (zanamivir 16%, placebo 8%), and throat/tonsil discomfort and pain (zanamivir 11%, placebo 6%) were reported more frequently with RELENZA than placebo. In a subset with chronic pulmonary disease, lower respiratory adverse events (described as asthma, cough, or viral respiratory infections which could include influenza-like symptoms) were reported in 7 of 7 zanamivir recipients and 5 of 12 placebo recipients.

Prophylaxis of Influenza: Family/Household Prophylaxis Studies: Adverse events that occurred with an incidence of ≥1.5% in the 2 prophylaxis studies are listed in Table 3. This table shows adverse events occurring in patients ≥5 years of age receiving RELENZA 10 mg inhaled once daily for 10 days.

Community Prophylaxis Studies: Adverse events that occurred with an incidence of ≥1.5% in 2 prophylaxis studies are listed in Table 4. This table shows adverse events occurring in patients ≥5 years of age receiving RELENZA 10 mg inhaled once daily for 28 days.
1. Establishment of early digitalized recognition devices and multimodal warning models for AD: Participants undergo clinical assessments, and if they meet the inclusion criteria, their gender, age, MMSE, MoCA, CDR, GDS scores, as well as EEG ERP and MR data are collected. Eye-tracking analysis based on human-computer interaction perception technology, limb movement detection, and laser radar depth sensor fusion cognitive assessment are also performed simultaneously. After enrollment, follow-up assessments using scales (MMSE, MoCA, CDR, GDS, ADAS-cog, etc.) are conducted every six months, and EEG ERP and MR data are collected annually.
2. Construction of a precision transcranial ultrasound stimulation intervention system: Participants were randomly divided into true stimulation group and false stimulation group: true/false stimulation for 2 weeks, washout for 2 weeks, false/true stimulation for 2 weeks. After treatment, behavioral scale assessment, EEG ERP and multimodal MRI were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect.
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most commonly prescribed medications. However, PPI usage is linked to a higher risk of both acute and chronic renal damage by mechanisms not entirely known. The present study demonstrates that omeprazole (10 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) causes TGF-β/Smad signaling activation and subsequent expression of the profibrotic genes CTGF and TIMP-1 in rat kidney. Increased production of CTGF and TIMP-1 accompany activation of the TGF-β/Smad signaling cascade. However, simultaneous treatment of omeprazole and the TGF-β inhibitor, disitertide (P144) (1 mg/kg body weight i.p.) suppresses the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and subsequent production of CTGF and TIMP-1. Additionally, TGF-β level in rat kidney was highly reduced in animals treated with the ROS (reactive oxygen species) scavenger, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) (100 mg/kg body weight i.p.) before omeprazole administration. Furthermore, the reduction in SOD activity brought by omeprazole was returned to the normal level in those animals. However, MDA level increased by omeprazole was highly reduced in the presence of NAC. Collectively, the current findings demonstrate that omeprazole has the ability to promote the expression of the profibrotic genes CTGF and TIMP-1 in a ROS and TGF-β dependent manner. The present study suggests the co-use of ROS scavenger to improve the therapeutic use of the PPI omeprazole.
In sum, excess body weight and inactivity have emerged as strong avoidable causes of postmenopausal breast cancer, with the greatest potential for primary prevention occurring during the premenopausal years. However, surprisingly, no study to date has examined the effects of a standard behavioral weight loss intervention on breast cancer risk markers in premenopausal women. Understanding the effects of weight loss in premenopausal women is a critical next step in existing research and will inform the development of future breast cancer primary prevention programs. The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of recruiting, treating, and retaining 20 overweight/obese women in a 12-week randomized control trial examining feasibility and effects of a behavioral weight loss program on breast cancer risk markers in premenopausal women. Participants will be randomly assigned to either a 12-week comprehensive behavioral weight loss program (n=10) or control condition (n=10). All women will be assessed at baseline and after 3 months of treatment.
This invention relates to novel biologically active molecules which bind to and inhibit thrombin. These molecules comprise a catalytic site directed moiety (CSDM) of formula (I), wherein X is hydrogen or is characterized by a backbone chain consisting of from 1 to 100 at ~~~ R1 is selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted, mono-substituted, di-substituted and tri-substituted satura~~~ing structures; R2 is a bond or is characterized by a backbone chain consisting of from 1 to 5 atoms; R3 is a bond or is characterized by a backbone chain consisting of from 1 to 3 atoms; R4 is any amino acid; R5 is any L-ami-no acid which comprises a guanidinium- or amino-containing side chain group;  R6 is a non-amide bond; and Y is charac-terized by a backbone chain consisting of from 1 to 9 atoms; or the formula (II), wherein R1 is selected from the group con-sisting of unsubstituted, mono-substituted, di-substituted and tri-substituted ring structures; R4' is any amino acid compris-ing a side chain group characterized by the capacity to accept a hydrogen bond at a pH of between about 5.5 and 9.5; and X, R2, R3, R5, R6 and Y are defined as above. Preferred thrombin inhibitors are further characterized by an anion binding exosite associating domain (ABEAM) and a linker portion of between 18.ANG. and 42.ANG. in length which connects the Y to the ABEAM. This invention also relates to compositions, combinations and methods which employ these molecules for therap-eutic, prophylactic and diagnostic purposes.
The fatigue allowance effectively mitigates declines in physiological state due to work fatigue. An appropriate allowance rate facilitates timely recovery for employees and serves as a crucial basis for labor quota formulation. In this paper, the action mode in mechanical processing was extracted and disassembled into six action units. The study conducted fatigue measurement experiments based on physiological measurement methods, including exercise fatigue tests at different frequencies and work fatigue tests over varying durations. As the frequency of actions increased, the rate monotonic scheduling index showed a linear increasing trend and the degree of fatigue caused by the action was different. The fatigue coefficient of different action units and the fatigue index of the fatigue instability period were obtained by fitting. Hazard ratio indicators showed significant differences, and the corresponding fatigue recovery rest time was obtained for different continuous operation hours. By further fitting the above data, a fatigue relaxation rate model suitable for simulating operation methods was obtained (the fatigue coefficient for the simulated operations in this study is 0.076152) which could provide a reasonable basis for the formulation of fatigue allowance rates for machining methods.
All participants will be offered the choice of taking the CH formula in capsules or sachets in addition to standard care. This study will use the Shu Yu Wan formula which comprises 23 different herbs and is based on the best evidence in the literature of use of CH in lung cancer.
Those assigned to the yoga therapy group will be asked to participate in yoga session three times in a week for 6 weeks prior to the scheduled surgery and then re-initiated 3 weeks after the surgery for another 6 weeks. Each session will be approximately 60 - 75 minutes. These yoga session will be held at Nydia's Yoga Therapy Studio, located in San Antonio, TX, under the guidance of certified yoga instructor, Dr. Nydia Tijerina Darby, PT, DPT, MS, who's the owner of the studio and co-investigator of this study. The yoga exercise will be tailored to patient's comfort level.
While conscious neurosurgical interventions are generally well-tolerated, they often cause some measure of pain and anxiety. Patients have been reported to suffer from recurring distressing recollections of, or dreams about, the surgery and other post-operative, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder-like sequelae. High anxiety during surgery correlates with post-operative psychological disturbances. Notably, listening to music reduces anxiety in patients undergoing awake surgical procedures. Nonetheless, DBS is typically performed without music because ambient noise typically interferes with interpretation of neuronal recordings. Recording objective and subjective measures of stress during DBS provides a unique opportunity to determine the effect of music on intra-operative patient anxiety levels in patients listening to music compared to non-music listening control patients. The investigators hypothesize that playing music will improve intra-operative anxiety as measured by objective and subjective measures of stress, including blood pressure, heart rate, cortisol levels and anxiety questionnaires. Additionally, previous data in the investigator's lab has demonstrated that the subthalamic nucleus (STN) responds to melodic music by decreasing the average frequency of neuronal firing. The investigator's pilot study also suggests that STN and thalamic neurons respond differently to melodic music; the neurons in the STN increase synchrony of firing, while neurons in the thalamus decrease synchrony of firing over the course of the music clip. The investigators, therefore, aim to characterize the neuronal firing pattern changes in patients undergoing awake DBS procedures in greater detail, drawing from a larger sample size.
The volunteers will be asked to breathe 5 minutes of room air through the face mask, followed by, 5 minutes 100% oxygen, and 5 minutes room air again. This will be followed by 5 minutes room air breathing without the face mask. Then the same volunteers will be asked to repeat the protocol with the BVGA.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with PHOTOFRIN is a two-stage process requiring administration of both drug and light. The first stage of PDT is the intravenous injection of PHOTOFRIN at 2 mg/kg. Illumination with laser light 40–50 hours following injection with PHOTOFRIN constitutes the second stage of therapy. A second laser light application may be given 96-120 hours after injection [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2)] . 

In clinical studies on endobronchial cancer, debridement via endoscopy was required 2-3 days after the initial light application. Standard endoscopic techniques are used for light administration and debridement. Healthcare providers should be fully familiar with the patient’s condition and trained in the safe and efficacious treatment of esophageal or endobronchial cancer, or high-grade dysplasia (HGD) in Barrett’s esophagus (BE) using PDT with PHOTOFRIN and associated light delivery devices. PDT with PHOTOFRIN should be applied only in those facilities properly equipped for the procedure.

The laser system must be approved for delivery of a stable power output at a wavelength of 630 ± 3 nm. Light is delivered to the tumor by cylindrical OPTIGUIDE™ fiber optic diffusers passed through the operating channel of an endoscope/bronchoscope. Instructions for use of the fiber optic and the selected laser system should be read carefully before use. OPTIGUIDE™ cylindrical diffusers are available in several lengths. The choice of diffuser tip length depends on the length of the tumor or Barrett’s mucosa to be treated. Diffuser length should be sized to avoid exposure of nonmalignant tissue to light and to prevent overlapping of previously treated malignant tissue. Refer to the OPTIGUIDE™ instructions for use for complete instructions concerning the fiber optic diffuser.
Insulin resistance (IR) is a global health challenge, often initiated by dysfunctional adipose tissue. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may have different effects on IR, but the mechanisms are unknown. This study aims to evaluate the protective effect of EPA and DHA against IR in a high-fat diet (HFD) mice model and investigate whether EPA and DHA alter IR modulate the G-protein-poupled receptor 120/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (GPR120/PPARγ) pathway in macrophages and adipocytes, which may affect IR in adipocytes. The findings of this study show that 4% DHA had a better effect in improving IR and reducing inflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue of mice. Additionally, in the cell experiment, the use of AH7614 (a GPR120 antagonist) inhibited the glucose consumption increase and the increasable expression of PPARγ and insulin signaling molecules mediated by DHA in adipocytes. Furthermore, GW9662 (a PPARγ antagonist) hindered the upregulation of glucose consumption and insulin signaling molecule expression induced by EPA and DHA in adipocytes. DHA exhibited significant effects in reducing the number of migrated cells and inflammation. The compounds AH7614 and GW9662 hindered the suppressive effects of EPA and DHA on macrophage-induced IR in adipocytes. These findings suggest that DHA has a stronger potential in improving IR in adipocytes through the GPR120/PPARγ pathway in macrophages, when compared to EPA.
Patients with status epilepticus who have been treated with standard dose lorazepam (or midazolam) and ≥ 1000 mg phenytoin with documented levels of ≥20 mg/ml and continue to have clinical SE for ≥1-24 hours after phenytoin loading will receive intravenously (i.v.) 2.5 mg/kg ketamine.
FIELD: veterinary medicine. SUBSTANCE: vaccine has mixture of antigens belonging to Ps. Aeruginosa strains number 40 from the sixth serovar, number 63 from the eighth serovar, number 77 from the fifth serovar, number 110 from the second serovar, number 278 from the third serovar. The strains are taken in optimum proportions in concentration of 6-8 mlr units in 1 cm 3  of Hottinger broth, 33.33-75% in volume. The vaccine contains required quantity of aluminum hydroxide, formaldehyde solution and physiological salt solution. The PSEUDOPOLYVAC vaccine is completely harmless for foxes and polar foxes. Geometric mean of agglutinin titers in polar fox and fox blood serum is 1: 220-1: 380. The vaccine is applied in optimum time and in optimum doses. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness in preventing fox and polar fox pseudomonosis. 1 tbl
The preferred exemplary embodiments in the present application provide formulations and methods for the delivery of drugs, particularly drugs of abuse, having an abuse-relevant drug substantially confined in the core and a non-abuse relevant drug in a non-core region. These formulations have reduced potential for abuse. In the formulation, preferably the abuse relevant drug is an opioid and the non-abuse relevant drug is acetaminophen or ibuprofen.  More preferably, the opioid is hydrocodone, and the non-abuse relevant analgesic is acetaminophen. In certain preferred embodiments, the dosage forms are characterized by resistance to solvent extraction; tampering, crushing or grinding. Certain embodiments of the inventions provide dosage forms that provide an initial burst of release of drug followed by a prolonged period of controllable drug release.
OBJECTIVES: I. Determine how many patients with chemotherapy sensitive relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma receiving sequential high dose chemotherapy achieve a collection of a minimum 5 million CD34+ cells/kg in one large volume apheresis. II. Determine the feasibility and safety of this regimen in these patients. III. Determine disease free and overall survival of patients receiving this regimen.

OUTLINE: Patients receive cyclophosphamide IV over 1 hour followed by paclitaxel IV over 24 hours on day 1. Filgrastim (G-CSF) and stem cell factor (SCF) are administered subcutaneously beginning on day 3 for approximately 7-14 days (until the completion of leukapheresis). Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) are collected over 3-5 days. Three weeks after leukapheresis is completed, patients receive cytarabine IV over 2 hours twice a day on days -6 to -3. Mitoxantrone IV is administered over 1 hour on day -6. CD34+ PBSC are reinfused on day 0. Four weeks later, patients receive etoposide IV over 11 hours on day -2 and melphalan IV over 30 minutes twice on day -1. CD34+ PBSC are reinfused on day 0. Concurrent G-CSF is administered subcutaneously and continues until blood counts recover. Patients are followed at 4 weeks, every 3 months for the first 2 years, and then every 6 months for the next 2 years.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 12 patients will be accrued for this study.
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a condition that causes considerable pain and discomfort for patients, and its pathogenic mechanisms are not yet fully understood. While there have been many studies that suggest multiple factors may contribute to its development, current treatments involve both surgical and nonsurgical options. However, there is still much room for improvement in these treatment methods, particularly when it comes to preventing postoperative complications and optimizing surgical procedures. Nanomaterials, as a type of small molecule material, have shown great promise in treating bone tissue diseases, including ONFH. In fact, several nanocomposite materials have demonstrated specific effects in preventing ONFH, promoting bone tissue repair and growth, and optimizing surgical treatment. This article provides a comprehensive overview of current treatments for ONFH, including their advantages and limitations, and reviews the latest advances in nanomaterials for treating this condition. Additionally, this article explores the therapeutic mechanisms involved in using nanomaterials to treat ONFH and to identify new methods and ideas for improving outcomes for patients.
Patients will undergo a characterization phase, which includes a baseline evaluation (1 visit), and a steroid responsiveness evaluation (2 visits). The longitudinal phase will include 3 office visits (annually) over 36 months with bi-annual phone calls. During the study patients will answer questionnaires, perform lung function testing and provide blood, urine, sputum and exhaled breath condensate samples.