anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are two pathological conditions with a high prevalence in the general population. When they coexist in the same patient, a strict interplay between them is observed, such that patients affected require a clinical multidisciplinary and personalized management. The diagnosis of HF and CKD relies on signs and symptoms of the patient but several additional tools, such as blood-based biomarkers and imaging techniques, are needed to clarify and discriminate the main characteristics of these diseases. Improved survival due to new recommended drugs in HF has increasingly challenged physicians to manage patients with multiple diseases, especially in case of CKD. However, the safe administration of these drugs in patients with HF and CKD is often challenging. Knowing up to which values ​​of creatinine or renal clearance each drug can be administered is fundamental. With this review we sought to give an insight on this sizable and complex topic, in order to get clearer ideas and a more precise reference about the diagnostic assessment and therapeutic management of HF and CKD.
PURPOSE:To obtain a shampoo composition, capable of stably dispersing a water-insoluble silicone oil and water-insoluble fine particles and excellent in conditioning effects by blending a cationic polymer in a shampoo composition composed of the silicone oil and fine particles. CONSTITUTION:The objective shampoo composition is obtained by blending a liquid detergent composition composed of (A) 2-50wt.% surfactant selected from anionic, amphoteric and nonionic surfactants and mixtures thereof with (B) 0.01-10wt.% silicone oil having <1.0 specific gravity, (C) 0.01-10wt.% water- insoluble fine particles having >=1.0 specific gravity and 0.01-100mum particle diameter and water with (D) 0.01-10wt.%, preferably 0.05-5 wt.% cationic polymer (e.g. a cationized cellulosic derivative or a cationized protein). This shampoo composition is capable of stably dispersing the silicon oil and fine particles and is excellent in conditioning effects. For example, organic polymers, silicone resins, clay minerals and organic polyvalent metallic salts are cited as the water-insoluble fine powder. This composition is capable of stably dispersing the silicone oil and fine particles which are insoluble in water and have a large difference in specific gravity and exhibiting excellent conditioning effects.
The essential feature of my invention is the combination of adjustment of the correct moisture content of the eye surface in each particular case and simultaneous supply of the oxygen amount required for maintaining a "clear" vision. It is known that "artificial lacrimal fluids" are prescribed for moistening of excessively dry conjunctivae, that is to say, especially for contact lens wearers. These medicaments were, however, not designed by the pharmaceutical industry for oxygen therapy of the eyes. These products do not contain any oxygen or at most unintentional traces. However, in the above-mentioned group of patients, in particular, supply of oxygen to the eye is of utmost importance. In order to achieve maximum oxygen enrichment (e.g. 50 mg O2/l moistening fluid) of the various "artificial lacrimal fluids" which are usually supplied by the pharmaceutical industry in dropper bottles, I propose use of a mini-O2-compressed gas apparatus (travel apparatus) which can be used by anyone at any time. However, construction of this apparatus does not form part of my invention.
Rates of stress and poor sleep affect up to 70% of pregnant women with rates even higher in racial and ethnic minority (REM) women. Stress and poor sleep are often untreated or misdiagnosed, especially in lower income and REM populations, due to high health-related costs or lack of insurance and may underestimate the prevalence of stress and poor sleep. High stress and poor sleep increases risk of depression, anxiety, pregnancy complications, and poor birth outcomes. Research suggests that stress and poor sleep are strongly associated during pregnancy. In fact, poor sleep in pregnancy has been regarded as both an outcome of stress and a stressor in itself and improving sleep has been suggested as a strategy to protect maternal mental health. There is a need for interventions particularly among REM pregnant women to reduce stress and improve sleep.

Treatments for prenatal stress and poor sleep are inadequate in meeting the needs of pregnant women. Typical treatments are usually an aggregation of medication, interpersonal psychotherapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy. However, mental health stigma and concern with potential teratogenic effects from medication use may discourage women to seek help and many prefer non-pharmacological approaches. Mindfulness meditation (MM) is a nonpharmacological approach effective for reducing stress and improving sleep during pregnancy. MM can be described as the practice of self-regulation of attention and accepting the present moment. MM interventions may moderate the impact of poor sleep quality on stress and can have lasting effects with regular practice. Furthermore, MM is a recommended strategy for pregnant women to improve mental health. While there is evidence for the benefits of MM, many studies report high drop-out rates due to inconvenience, travel, or child care demands. Accessible, low cost, MM interventions to improve stress and sleep outcomes for pregnant women are warranted.

Delivery of MM using smartphone applications (apps) for the management of stress and sleep has dramatically increased in recent years. App-based MM can be delivered remotely, substantially increasing reach, accessibility, and scalability. Over 260 MM apps exist, but many consumer-based apps have low evidence for their efficacy among pregnant and REM users. Calm is a popular, consumer-based MM app that has over 100 million downloads, four million subscribers, and has demonstrated effects in stress and improved sleep in non-pregnant populations. In our preliminary survey data, pregnant subscribers of the Calm app most commonly used the app for sleep problems (29%; n=31) and reported the app was most helpful for improving sleep (32%; n=32) and stress (21%; n=21). Currently, the feasibility and potential impact of the Calm app to reduce stress and improve sleep in pregnant REM women is unknown.
Patients will be given a conventional treatment with radiation therapy (30 Gy in 10 fractions, i.e. 10 days of treatment).
Adjuvant bisphosphonates are often recommended in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer at intermediate-to-high risk of disease recurrence, but the magnitude and duration of their effects on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers (BTMs) are not well described. We evaluated the impact of adjuvant zoledronate on areal BMD and BTMs in a sub-group of patients who had completed the large 5-yr randomized Adjuvant Zoledronic Acid to Reduce Recurrence (AZURE) trial. About 224 women (recurrence free) who had completed the AZURE trial within the previous 3 mo were recruited from 20 UK AZURE trial sites. One hundred twenty had previously been randomized to zoledronate (19 doses of 4 mg over 5 yr) and 104 to the control arm. BMD and BTMs were assessed at sub-study entry, 6 (BTMs only), 12, 24, and 60 mo following the completion of AZURE. As expected, mean BMD, T-scores, and Z-scores at sub-study entry were higher in the zoledronate vs the control arm. At the lumbar spine, the mean (SD) standardized BMD (sBMD) was 1123 (201) and 985 (182) mg/cm2 in the zoledronate and control arms, respectively (P < .0001). The baseline differences in sBMD persisted at all assessed skeletal sites and throughout the 5-yr follow-up period. In patients completing zoledronate treatment, BTMs were significantly lower than those in the control arm (α- and β-urinary C-telopeptide of type-I collagen, both P < .00001; serum intact pro-collagen I N-propeptide, P < .00001 and serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b, P = .0001). Some offset of bone turnover inhibition occurred in the 12 mo following the completion of zoledronate treatment. Thereafter, during the 60 mo of follow-up, all BTMs remained suppressed in the zoledronate arm relative to the control arm. In conclusion, in addition to the known anti-cancer benefits of adjuvant zoledronate, there are likely to be positive, lasting benefits in BMD and bone turnover.
At recommended therapeutic doses, dabigatran etexilate prolongs the coagulation markers such as aPTT, ECT, and TT. INR is relatively insensitive to the exposure to dabigatran and cannot be interpreted the same way as used for warfarin monitoring.

The aPTT test provides an approximation of PRADAXA's anticoagulant effect. The average time course for effects on aPTT, following approved dosing regimens in patients with various degrees of renal impairment is shown in Figure 2. The curves represent mean levels without confidence intervals; variations should be expected when measuring aPTT. While advice cannot be provided on the level of recovery of aPTT needed in any particular clinical setting, the curves can be used to estimate the time to get to a particular level of recovery, even when the time since the last dose of PRADAXA is not precisely known. In the RE-LY trial, the median (10th to 90th percentile) trough aPTT in patients receiving the 150 mg dose was 52 (40 to 76) seconds. 

Figure 2 Average Time Course for Effects of Dabigatran on aPTT, Following Approved PRADAXA Dosing Regimens in Patients with Various Degrees of Renal Impairment*

*Simulations based on PK data from a study in subjects with renal impairment and PK/aPTT relationships derived from the RE-LY study; aPTT prolongation in RE-LY was measured centrally in citrate plasma using PTT Reagent Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany. There may be quantitative differences between various established methods for aPTT assessment.

The degree of anticoagulant activity can also be assessed by the ecarin clotting time (ECT). This test is a more specific measure of the effect of dabigatran than activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). In the RE-LY trial, the median (10th to 90th percentile) trough ECT in patients receiving the 150 mg dose was 63 (44 to 103) seconds.

In orthopedic hip surgery patients, maximum aPTT response (Emax) to dabigatran and baseline aPTT were higher shortly after surgery than at later time points (e.g. ≥3 days after surgery).

Cardiac Electrophysiology

No prolongation of the QTc interval was observed with dabigatran etexilate at doses up to 600 mg.
PURPOSE:A skin cream effective for preventing, remedying, and treating especially acne or preventing effectively dandruff by applying it to scalp, containing a reaction product of an unsaturated and sulfur as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:A fatty acid containing one or more unsaturated fatty bonds in the molecule, preferably a straight-chain or branched fatty acid (e.g., oleic acid, linoleic acid, stearolic acid) is reacted with 0.5-50pts.wt. sulfur based on 100pts.wt. unsaturated fatty acid at 130-220 deg.C. A cream is blended with 0.01-20pts.wt., preferably 0.1-10pts.wt. of the prepared reaction product based on 100pts.wt. total amount. The resultant cream is different from sulfur powder, most of sulfur in the cream participates in development of medicinal or cosmetic effects, the amount of sulfur is small, and side effects such as skin inflammation, etc., will not occur.
BACKGROUND: Recent experimental studies of neuroinflammation in glaucoma pointed to cFLIP as a molecular switch for cell fate decisions, mainly regulating cell type-specific caspase-8 functions in cell death and inflammation. This study aimed to determine the importance of cFLIP for regulating astroglia-driven neuroinflammation in experimental glaucoma by analyzing the outcomes of astroglia-targeted transgenic deletion of cFLIP or cFLIPL.
METHODS: Glaucoma was modeled by anterior chamber microbead injections to induce ocular hypertension in mouse lines with or without conditional deletion of cFLIP or cFLIPL in astroglia. Morphological analysis of astroglia responses assessed quantitative parameters in retinal whole mounts immunolabeled for GFAP and inflammatory molecules or assayed for TUNEL. The molecular analysis included 36-plexed immunoassays of the retina and optic nerve cytokines and chemokines, NanoString-based profiling of inflammation-related gene expression, and Western blot analysis of selected proteins in freshly isolated samples of astroglia.
RESULTS: Immunoassays and immunolabeling of retina and optic nerve tissues presented reduced production of various proinflammatory cytokines, including TNFα, in GFAP/cFLIP and GFAP/cFLIPL relative to controls at 12 weeks of ocular hypertension with no detectable alteration in TUNEL. Besides presenting a similar trend of the proinflammatory versus anti-inflammatory molecules displayed by immunoassays, NanoString-based molecular profiling detected downregulated NF-κB/RelA and upregulated RelB expression of astroglia in ocular hypertensive samples of GFAP/cFLIP compared to ocular hypertensive controls. Analysis of protein expression also revealed decreased phospho-RelA and increased phospho-RelB in parallel with an increase in caspase-8 cleavage products.
CONCLUSIONS: A prominent response limiting neuroinflammation in ocular hypertensive eyes with cFLIP-deletion in astroglia values the role of cFLIP in the molecular regulation of glia-driven neuroinflammation during glaucomatous neurodegeneration. The molecular responses accompanying the lessening of neurodegenerative inflammation also seem to maintain astroglia survival despite increased caspase-8 cleavage with cFLIP deletion. A transcriptional autoregulatory response, dampening RelA but boosting RelB for selective expression of NF-κB target genes, might reinforce cell survival in cFLIP-deleted astroglia.
PURPOSE:To obtain a recovering agent for reduction in leukocyte effective for treating various diseases related to reduction in leukocyte, containing homocarnosine or a salt thereof as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:Homocarnosine or a salt thereof is used as an active ingredient and pharmaceutically manufactured by a conventional procedure to give the aimed substance. The aimed substance can be prepared into a dosage form such as injection, powder, granule or capsule. A dose is 1-20ml of 5% injection in the case of injection. In the case of powder, a dose is 1-3g per adult daily and administered dividedly three times. Homocarnosine is a peptide extracted from bovine bran, namely L-histidinyl-gamma-aminobutyric acid contained in the bovine brain. Homocarnosine can be synthesized by well-known various methods, is white crystal powder having 242-243 deg.C melting point and [alpha]<20>=+23.2 deg. and 10% aqueous solution thereof is colorless and transparent and shows weak alkalinity and an alkaline taste.
BACKGROUND: Operating room (OR) traffic disrupts airflow and increases particle count, which predisposes patients to surgical site infections, particularly in longer surgeries with hardware placement. The aim of this study is to evaluate the rate of traffic during neurosurgical procedures, as well as reasons for and perceptions of OR traffic.
METHODS: This is a single-center, multimethod study monitoring neurosurgical OR traffic through direct observation, automated monitoring, and interviews. Traffic was observed between the skin incision and closure. Personal interviews with OR teams including surgeons, anesthesia, and nurses were conducted to evaluate their perceptions of the frequency of OR traffic and reasons for OR traffic.
RESULTS: Direct observation reported OR door opening an average of 18 times, with 20 people entering or exiting per hour. The exact reason for traffic was not verified in all traffic cases and was able to be confirmed in only a third of the cases. Automated monitoring resulted in an average of 31 people entering or exiting the OR per hour. The procedure length was significantly associated with the number of people entering or exiting the OR per hour (P < .0001). Interviews highlighted that OR teams reported traffic to be significantly lower than observed and automated monitoring results, with approximately <6 people entering or exiting per hour.
CONCLUSIONS: OR traffic is higher than staff expected, and updated processes are required to reduce the number of times the OR door opens. Implementing automated observation of OR traffic could reduce the OR traffic and the risk for surgical site infection.
Patients receive durvalumab IV over approximately 1 hour on day 1. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 3 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with SD, no new inter-current illness, and no unacceptable toxicity, may continue treatment beyond 3 courses.
Psychiatric inpatient care is reserved for individuals with the most acute mental health problems. The period after discharge is associated with increased risk for relapse, non-adherence and suicide. Delivering high quality psychosocial interventions during and after acute psychiatric inpatient care is known to be a difficult challenge. This study will investigate the effectiveness of adding either Behavioral Activation or Supportive Therapy to the standard acute psychiatric inpatient care. Subjects with different psychiatric diagnoses and elevated depressive symptoms are assessed and randomized after admission. Therapists from the nearest outpatient facility initiate 12 sessions of Behavioral Activation or Supportive Therapy as soon as possible. The 12 sessions are delivered twice weekly at the inpatient unit or at the outpatient facility, depending on whether the patient is admitted or discharged. Treatment as usual interventions(medications, nursing etc.) are not manipulated in the study. The main assessment points are pre-, post, 6 months follow-up and 12 months follow-up. The main outcome measure and some process measures are also administered at session 3, 6 and 9.
Objective: The purpose of the study was to access the influence of low pressure CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the inflammatory and angiogenic responses during the postoperative period after laparoscopy. Summary background data: Surgical procedures enhance production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic factors that play a pivotal role in the immunological response to surgical trauma and take part in the pathogenesis of tumor growth and adhesions formation. Methods: Study group consisted of 40 patients, operated on due to cholelithiasis using standard- (n=20) and low-pressure (n=20) CO2 pneumoperitoneum. Serum concentration of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, VEGF-A and endostatin were measured before the surgeries and thereafter at 6, 24 and 48h with commercially available ELISA assays. Results: Concentrations of IL-6 increased significantly after the operations in both groups. No differences were observed between the groups in regards to IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 levels. Concentrations of VEGF-A measured at 6 and 48h were significantly lower in patients who underwent laparoscopies performed with low pressure pneumoperitoneum. No significant variations were observed in endostatin serum concentration. Concentrations of the studied parameters were not influenced by the duration of surgeries, age, gender, or BMI of the patients. Conclusions: The results obtained in our study do not show any significant differences between studied operative procedures with regards to systemic inflammatory response. Changes in the concentrations of VEGF-A and endostatin observed in the studied population may suggest this technique to be more favorable with regards to angiogenesis process intensity, along with all its consequences and implications.
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot and is a common illness that can result in pain and death if not recognized and treated well. Death can occur when the venous clots break off and form pulmonary emboli (PE), which can block the arteries of the lungs. DVT and PE most often complicate the course of sick patients but may also affect healthy persons. DVT can also be a chronic disease. In those instances in which DVT and PE develop, in addition to the death risk, hospitalization is drawn out and healthcare costs are increased. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to see if we can use ultrasound imaging to determine the type of clots in patients to help better manage their care.
Patients receive preoxygenation for induction of general anaesthesia via tight fitting face mask for the duration of 5 minutes. After that the induction agents will be given. Now arterial blood gases will be drawn every 2 minutes and the SpO2 will be measured until the 6th apnoeic ABG or if the SpO2 decreases to 92%. After that normal intubation follows.
In two multi-center, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled clinical trials a total of 659 subjects with psoriasis were randomized 2:1 to SORILUX Foam or vehicle; subjects applied the assigned treatment twice daily for 8 weeks. Baseline disease severity was graded using a 5-point Investigator Static Global Assessment scale (ISGA), on which subjects scored either "mild" or "moderate" as shown in Table 1.

Efficacy evaluation was carried out at Week 8 with treatment success being defined as a score of "clear" (grade 0) or "almost clear" (grade 1) and at least 2 grade improvement from the baseline score. Approximately 30% of enrolled subjects were graded as "mild" on the ISGA scale. The study population ranged in age from 12 to 89 years with 10 subjects less than 18 years of age at baseline. The subjects were 54% male and 88% Caucasian. Table 2 presents the efficacy results for each trial.

In one trial, subjects graded as "mild" at baseline showed a greater response to vehicle than SORILUX Foam.

Table 3 presents the success rates by disease severity at baseline for each trial.

In another multi-center, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled clinical trial, a total of 363 subjects with moderate plaque psoriasis of the scalp and body were randomized 1:1 to SORILUX Foam or vehicle. Subjects applied the assigned treatment to the affected areas twice daily for 8 weeks.

Baseline disease severity of the scalp was graded using a 6-point ISGA; a score of "moderate" corresponded to grade 3.

The primary efficacy evaluation for scalp involvement was carried out at Week 8 with treatment success being defined as a score of "clear" (grade 0) or "almost clear" (grade 1). The study population ranged in age from 12 to 97 years with 11 subjects less than 18 years of age at baseline. The subjects were 60% male and 87% Caucasian. Table 4 presents the efficacy results for the trial.

The contribution to efficacy of individual components of the vehicle has not been established.
On Day 1, the subjects will receive a single s.c. dose of 16 mg 14C-radiolabeled ACT-246475 in the fasted state. Subjects will be followed by an observation period of 3 days (72 h) during which blood, urine, and feces samples will be collected.
A vaccine against rabies is prepared by cultivating a strain of rabies virus on a culture derived from an organ or tissue of a mustelid or from diploid cells of primates in a serumcontaining culture medium and replacing during the cultivation of the viral strain the culture medium by a medium free of serum, followed by grinding the cellular tissue and then separating the supernatant liquid product yielding the vaccine. The virus may be cultivated in a cellular layer or in suspension on a culture of cells derived from the skin, lungs or kidneys of a mustelid (e.g. mouse, rat or hamster) such as hamster kidney cells, or on a culture of human diploid cells. The culture product may be inactivated before any lyophilisation by #-propiolactone in a dilution from 1/1000 to 1/6000 by volume or by formaldehyde. The pH of the medium may be brought to 7 by the introduction of carbon dioxide at the beginning of the culture and/or after the medium has been replaced. The virus strain cultivated may be a fixed viral strain of the Pasteur type of a Flury HEP, to produce a vaccine based on inactivated virus or a live vaccine respectively. The vaccine product may contain an adjuvant such as an oil or aluminium-containing compounds.