anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The recommended dose for long-term use in patients following a myocardial infarction is a target maintenance dose of 50 mg t.i.d.

Therapy may be initiated as early as 3 days following a myocardial infarction. After a single dose of 6.25 mg, captopril therapy should be initiated at 12.5 mg t.i.d. Captopril tablets should then be increased to 25 mg t.i.d. during the next several days and to a target dose of 50 mg t.i.d. over the next several weeks as tolerated (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY).

Captopril tablets may be used in patients treated with other post-myocardial infarction therapies, e.g., thrombolytics, aspirin, beta blockers.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether radiotherapy combined with Temozolomide is more effective than radiotherapy alone in the treatment of patients with refractory pituitary adenomas. The Basic treatment was Radiotherapy, which is consisted of fractionated focal irradiation at a dose of 2 Gy per fraction given once daily five days per week (Monday through Friday) over a period of six weeks, for a total dose of 54 Gy. The150 participants were randomized to use either radiotherapy plus Temozolomide (75 mg per square meter of body-surface area per day, 7 days per week from the first to the last day of radiotherapy), or radiotherapy plus placebo for 6 weeks. After a 4-week break, patients were then to receive up to six cycles of adjuvant temozolomide or placebo according to the standard 5-day schedule every 28 days. The dose was 150 mg per square meter for the first cycle and was increased to 200 mg per square meter beginning with the second cycle, so long as there were no hematologic toxic effects followed by six cycles of placebo or adjuvant temozolomide (150 to 200 mg per square meter for 5 days during each 28-day cycle). The primary end point was Objective Response rate, the second end point was PFS. Greater response was anticipated in patients treated with Temozolomide+ radiotherapy than radiotherapy alone.
Patients receive imatinib mesylate PO BID. Treatment repeats every 4 weeks for up to 12 months in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
PURPOSE: An anti-inflammatory or anti-allergic composition containing Asterias amurensis extract fraction is provided to suppress prostaglandin D2 and leukotriene 2(LTC4). CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating inflammatory disease contains Asterias amurensis extract fraction as an active ingredient. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating allergy contains Asterias amurensis extract fraction as an active ingredient. The fraction is polar solvent soluble extract fraction or non-polar solvent soluble fraction. The polar solvent soluble extract fraction is water, ethabnol, butanol, or mixture solvent thereof. The non-polar solvent soluble extract fraction is hexane, chloroform, methylenechloride, or ethyllacetate.
SelEe is a German citizen science project aiming to develop a smartphone app for a patient-managed record. The goal is to study rare diseases with the support of interested citizens and people affected by rare diseases. We established a core research team, including professional researchers (leading the project) and citizens. Citizens have the opportunity to discuss the progress, make suggestions regarding the app's design and data entry and contribute to the dissemination of the project. To gather feedback and experiences from the core research team, we performed an online questionnaire regarding the topics "influence and communication", "improvements and learning effect", and "satisfaction". Finally, 9 citizens of the core research team participated. The results show that the citizens are very satisfied with the design of the app, their participation opportunities and the communication in the project.
The disorder of the "gut-kidney axis" exacerbates renal function decline in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and current CKD therapy is insufficient to address this issue. Hirudin has a palliative effect on the decline of renal function. However, whether hirudin can delay CKD by regulating the "intestinal renal axis" disorder remains unclear. Unilateral ureteral ligation (UUO) induced CKD rat model, and the rats were treated with bifidobacterium and hirudin for 36 days. After 14 and 36 days of modeling, kidney and colon tissues were collected for pathology, western blot (WB) assay, and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) detection. Serum samples were collected for renal function testing. Fecal samples were used for 16S rRNA sequencing and research on fecal bacterial transplantation. Lipopolysaccharide combine with adenosine 5'-triphosphate (LPS + ATP)-induced intestinal epithelial cell injury was treated with a nod-like receptor pyrin domain-associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inhibitor and hirudin. Protein expression was detected using WB and qPCR. The kidneys and colons of the CKD rats exhibited varying degrees of lesions. Creatinine (CRE), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosidase (NAG) enzyme, and serum uremic toxins were elevated. The expression of claudin-1 and occludin was decreased, NLRP3 inflammatory-related proteins were increased, and the gut microbiota was disrupted. These pathological changes were more pronounced after 36 days of modeling. Meanwhile, high-dose hirudin treatment significantly improved these lesions and restored the intestinal flora to homeostasis in CKD rats. In vitro, hirudin demonstrated comparable effects to NLRP3 inhibitors by upregulating claudin-1 and occludin expression, and downregulating NLRP3 inflammatory-related proteins expression. The dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and impaired intestinal epithelial barrier function in CKD are associated with renal dysfunction in CKD. Hirudin delays the progression of CKD by regulating the disorder of the "gut-kidney axis" and inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 pathway.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in patients with refractory sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty patients with refractory SSNHL were treated with intratympanic methylprednisolone perfusion (IMP) for 10 days. Expression of HIF-1α and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) was evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in vitro.
RESULTS: Significant hearing improvement (≥ 15 dB) was observed in 16 patients [IMP glucocorticoid sensitive (GCS) group], while 14 patients had no therapeautic hearing recovery [IMP GC resistance (GCR) group]. The expression of HDAC2 decreased and HIF-1a increased in all refractory SSNHL patients before IMP. The expression of HDAC2 and HIF-1α after IMP was significantly changed in the GCS group, but not in the GCR group. The same expression profile was also observed in House Ear Institute-organ of Corti-1 (HEI-OC1) cells exposed to oxidative stress (OS). The results of gene manipulation experiments indicate that HIF-1α up-regulation significantly reduced HDAC2 expression in HEI-OC1 cells, especially under conditions of OS.
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that HIF-1α activation inhibits HDAC2 expression, causing glucocorticoid resistance in refractory SSNHL. HIF-1α might serve as a potential biomarker to predict prognosis of refractory SSNHL.
The invention relates to the technical field of medical diagnosis, and discloses a method for early diagnosis of AKI of a critically ill patient, which comprises the following steps: collecting blood of a patient on the first day after the group is put into the device, performing venipuncture, drawing the blood, collecting the blood into a heparinized test tube, putting the collected sample for 25-35min into a centrifuge at 2-8 ℃ and 1000 rpm for 10-20min, taking supernatant, subpackaging and storing in a refrigerator at-80 ℃. The invention finds out the urine marker capable of diagnosing acute kidney injury of cerebrovascular severe patients at early stage by analyzing the concentration curve of the urine marker to the change according to time, analyzes the relation between the markers and the acute kidney injury by multi-factor regression, calculates the reference value of [ TIMP-2 ]. IGFBP-7] for diagnosing acute kidney injury (including different degrees), compares the change of [ TIMP-2 ]. IGFBP-7] in the time concentration curve of cerebrovascular severe AKI and cerebrovascular severe AKI-free patients, can detect the test paper of [ TIMP-2 ]. IGFBP-7] and the kit with high specificity rapidly and sensitively, and can detect the [ TIMP-2 ]. IGFBP-7] rapidly.
Objective:To retrospectively analyze the effectiveness of transcranial facial nerve bridging in the treatment of facial nerve dysfunction. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 27 patients with facial nerve dysfunction who underwent transcranial facial nerve bridging at the Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital affiliated with Fudan University from 2017 to 2022. The main collected data includes the patient's age, gender, primary lesion, damaged location, interval from facial paralysis to surgery, and preoperative and postoperative House-Brackmann(HB) scale for facial nerve function. Statistical comparisons were made between the average HB level of patients before and after surgery. Results:A total of 27 patients included 17 males and 10 females. The average age of patients during surgery is(42.50±3.38) years old. Primary lateral skull base diseases include trauma(n=3), tumors(n=22), and infections(n=2). The duration of facial paralysis varies from 6 months to 5 years. Statistics analysis has found that the average postoperative HB score of patients who underwent transcranial facial nerve bridging was significantly lower at(3.750 ± 0.183) compared to preoperative(4.875±0.168). The proportion of patients with good facial nerve function increased significantly from 7.4% before surgery to 42.9% after surgery. Conclusion:Transcranial facial nerve bridging surgery with interpositional graft has a significant effect on improving facial nerve function in patients with facial nerve injury. Further research is still needed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of this surgery, to determine the optimal patient selection criteria and postoperative rehabilitation strategies.
Disclosed herein are techniques related to management of insufficient hypoglycemia response. In some embodiments, the techniques may involve obtaining an amount of insulin remaining in a body of a patient. The techniques may involve also obtaining a quantity of insulin needed by the patient within a future time period. Additionally, the techniques may involve identifying a condition in which the patient's glucose level will continue to decrease during the future time period despite suspension of basal insulin dosage delivery. The condition may be identified based on determining that the amount of insulin remaining in the body is greater than the quantity of insulin needed by the patient within the future time period. Furthermore, the techniques may involve, responsive to identifying the condition, causing performance of an action for preventing the patient's glucose level from falling into a hypoglycemic range in combination with the suspension of basal insulin dosage delivery.
BACKGROUND: Postacute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), also known as long COVID, is a broad grouping of a range of long-term symptoms following acute COVID-19. These symptoms can occur across a range of biological systems, leading to challenges in determining risk factors for PASC and the causal etiology of this disorder. An understanding of characteristics that are predictive of future PASC is valuable, as this can inform the identification of high-risk individuals and future preventative efforts. However, current knowledge regarding PASC risk factors is limited.
OBJECTIVE: Using a sample of 55,257 patients (at a ratio of 1 patient with PASC to 4 matched controls) from the National COVID Cohort Collaborative, as part of the National Institutes of Health Long COVID Computational Challenge, we sought to predict individual risk of PASC diagnosis from a curated set of clinically informed covariates. The National COVID Cohort Collaborative includes electronic health records for more than 22 million patients from 84 sites across the United States.
METHODS: We predicted individual PASC status, given covariate information, using Super Learner (an ensemble machine learning algorithm also known as stacking) to learn the optimal combination of gradient boosting and random forest algorithms to maximize the area under the receiver operator curve. We evaluated variable importance (Shapley values) based on 3 levels: individual features, temporal windows, and clinical domains. We externally validated these findings using a holdout set of randomly selected study sites.
RESULTS: We were able to predict individual PASC diagnoses accurately (area under the curve 0.874). The individual features of the length of observation period, number of health care interactions during acute COVID-19, and viral lower respiratory infection were the most predictive of subsequent PASC diagnosis. Temporally, we found that baseline characteristics were the most predictive of future PASC diagnosis, compared with characteristics immediately before, during, or after acute COVID-19. We found that the clinical domains of health care use, demographics or anthropometry, and respiratory factors were the most predictive of PASC diagnosis.
CONCLUSIONS: The methods outlined here provide an open-source, applied example of using Super Learner to predict PASC status using electronic health record data, which can be replicated across a variety of settings. Across individual predictors and clinical domains, we consistently found that factors related to health care use were the strongest predictors of PASC diagnosis. This indicates that any observational studies using PASC diagnosis as a primary outcome must rigorously account for heterogeneous health care use. Our temporal findings support the hypothesis that clinicians may be able to accurately assess the risk of PASC in patients before acute COVID-19 diagnosis, which could improve early interventions and preventive care. Our findings also highlight the importance of respiratory characteristics in PASC risk assessment.
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.1101/2023.07.27.23293272.
BACKGROUND: Endovascular treatment allows for the staging of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repairs (eTAAAs) in an effort to decrease the risk of spinal cord ischemia (SCI), but data are limited.
METHODS: We studied all eTAAAs in the Vascular Quality Initiative from 2014 to 2021. Inverse probability weighting was used to compare perioperative and long-term outcomes of staged and single-stage repairs. Thoracoabdominal life-altering events (TALEs) are the composite endpoint consisting of death/stroke/permanent SCI/permanent dialysis.
RESULTS: There were 3,258 total operations during the study period. In total, 841 cases (26%) were staged repairs, and 2,417 (74%) were completed in a single stage, but in the cohort of patients with extensive aneurysms, 44% were staged. Staging methods included thoracic endograft (78%), branch (23%), and iliac (5%). Staged repairs were more often employed by high-volume surgeons at high-volume centers; for larger, more extensive aneurysms, with higher rates of prior aortic surgery. After adjustment, staged repair and single-stage treatment were associated with similar odds of all perioperative outcomes and including mortality, TALE, acute kidney injury, stroke, dialysis, and SCI, as well as long-term survival. This was consistent in the subgroups of patients with extensive aneurysms undergoing elective procedures. Of note, first-stage thoracic endografts were associated with 2.6% mortality, 7.3% TALE, 1.5% dialysis, and 4.1% SCI, and 25% of patients did not undergo a second stage. First-stage procedures accounted for one-third of perioperative complications including half of the deaths in the staged cohort.
CONCLUSIONS: Staged eTAAA repairs were associated with similar perioperative and long-term complications to single-stage treatments. However, first stage procedures are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and one-quarter of patients never complete their repairs. These data demonstrate the necessity of evaluating the outcomes of all patients planned for staged procedures, not only those who make it to the final stage. More data are needed as to the optimal method of spinal cord protection for these challenging aneurysms.
IV-administration of 4.5 mg of the fluorescent tracer bevacizumab-800CW to 3 patients with a pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) with a Knosp grade of 3 or 4. The optimal dose will be expanded to include 6 patients.
The investigators will include those patients with adherent clot on gastric or duodenal ulcers after endoscopic confirmation and exclusion of other possible bleeder. Adherent clot is defined that still stays on the ulcer after 200 ml normal saline irrigation (4 times of irrigation with 50 ml syringe). After receiving well explanation and giving written consent, they are enrolled and will be allocated to 2 groups randomly. Those in the first group will receive intravenous omeprazole 40 mg stat and then 40 mg q12h. Those in the second group will receive intravenous omeprazole 80 mg stat and then 8mg/hr infusion. The patients in both groups will receive intravenous omeprazole for 3 days and then oral esomeprazole qd for further treatment of peptic ulcer. The investigators will record the basic data of these patients including age, sex, use of NSAID or anit-coagulant, concomitant major diseases; clinical data including Hb, Plt, PT, the lowest systolic pressure before allocation and heart rate at the same time, shock status, transfusion amount before allocation; endoscopic findings including the location \& size of ulcer, size of clot, existence of fresh blood in stomach or duodenum. The investigators will monitor the events of rebleeding during admission and within 30 days, surgery for ulcer bleeding and mortality within 30 days and record the amount of transfusion and hospitalization days after allocation. When rebleeding is suspected , those patient will receive endoscopic examination and appropriate therapy. Further treatment with surgical or angiographic intervention is decided by the attending physicians.These patients will be monitored during admission (2 weeks in average)and then followed up in GI outpatient clinics.

The investigators define rebleeding during admission and within 30 days as primary end points. Rebleeding is defined as the one of the clinical manifestations occurring 6 hours after allocation: 1.hematemesis or bloody stool 2. tarry stool and hemodynamic change (systolic pressure less than 90 mmHg, or heart more than 110 beats per minute ) 3. decrease of Hb more than 2g/dl within 24 hours after elevation of Hb to 10 g/dl with transfusion. The investigators define surgical intervention for ulcer bleeding, transfusion amount and hospitalization days after allocation as secondary end points.
Biopolymer aerogel is a new type of material with potential applications in the biomedical field. Silk fibroin is of particular interest as a raw material with good biocompatibility and degradable. However, the low mechanical strength and small specific surface area of silk fibroin aerogels limit its further development. Herein, a fast water absorption, highly specific surface area and mechanically strong of aerogels were prepared using low crystal silk fibroin nanofibers (SNF), sol-gel process, solvent exchange and supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) drying method. The resulting Aero-Sc displayed highly specific surface area (251 m2/g), porosity (97.6 %) and water absorption capacity (1200 %). Furthermore, with rapid water absorption and stronger erythrocyte adhesion, the Aero-Sc showed highly effective hemostasis in vitro. In vivo, animal experiments on rat liver hemorrhage model confirmed that SNF aerogels have a less blood loss (312 ± 29 mg) and faster hemostatic time (92 ± 13 s) than commercially gelatin sponge (p < 0.05). The unique properties of silk fibroin nanofibers aerogel developed in this study has great potential to be a safe and effective hemostatic medical device.
PURPOSE: This study reports on a program to train student clinicians to provide recast therapy on complement clauses to children with developmental language disorder (DLD). To determine the efficacy of the program, we conducted secondary data analysis based on Owen Van Horne et al. (2023) and examined student clinicians' recasts after training and children's progress after treatment.
METHOD: Three student clinicians received a two-stage training, followed by a real intervention program targeting complement clauses in six children with DLD. A third of the intervention sessions were coded for the total number and number of unique verbs in complement clauses provided by the student clinicians. An elicited production task was completed to test children's knowledge of the target structure.
RESULTS: On average, student clinicians provided 30 targeted recasts to each child during each intervention session. They provided a greater number of and more variable input for that compared to WH complements. Children demonstrated significant improvement only in WH, but not in that, complements.
CONCLUSIONS: A targeted training program could strengthen clinicians' ability to provide recast therapy on complex syntax; however, future refinements should shorten and broaden training to include more targets. A mismatch between input patterns and learning patterns was observed. WH complement input is more stable than that input, given the less variable complement-taking verbs provided by the student clinicians and the overtness of the WH word as a stable complementizer, which may have facilitated the identification and extraction of the target syntactic structure.
KEY POINTS: Kidney stones are common in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease compared with matched controls with CKD. The increase in imaging seen in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease correlates with the kidney stone burden in these patients.
BACKGROUND: Patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) may have more imaging studies than patients with other forms of CKD. We characterized the imaging burden of patients with ADPKD relative to a CKD population to determine which factors lead to increased imaging in patients with ADPKD.
METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed patients seen at Yale Nephrology between January 2012 and January 2021. We collected demographic, clinical, and imaging data through automated query and manual chart review. Eight hundred seven patients with ADPKD were matched to 4035 CKD controls on the basis of criteria of sex, race, ethnicity, CKD stage, hypertension, and diabetes, but not age. The number of abdominal imaging studies were compared between ADPKD and CKD groups, and the effect of kidney stone diagnosis was further evaluated. Chi-square and t tests were used to evaluate demographic variables, and Kruskal Wallis and negative binomial regression models were used to evaluate differences between abdominal imaging studies.
RESULTS: Patients with ADPKD had a greater number of total abdominal imaging studies (P < 0.0001), ultrasounds (P < 0.0001), and magnetic resonance imagings (P = 0.02) compared with controls. In patients with preserved renal function (eGFR >60 ml/min per m2), these differences persisted. Kidney stones were significantly more common among patients with ADPKD (P < 0.0001). In multivariable assessment of imaging study counts using a negative binomial model controlling for kidney stones, ADPKD was no longer a significant predictor. In patients with ADPKD, pyelonephritis; cyst complications; lower eGFR; diabetes; coronary artery disease; kidney stones; lower body mass index; and being male, Black, and younger increased the likelihood of having more imaging studies.
CONCLUSIONS: The higher prevalence of abdominal imaging studies in patients with ADPKD correlated with the increased incidence of kidney stones observed in this population.