anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Despite the growing prevalence of burn survivors, a gap persists in our understanding of the correlation between acute burn trauma and the long-term impact on psychosocial health. This study set out to investigate the prevalence of long-term pain and symptoms of anxiety and depression in survivors of extensive burns, comparing this to the general population, and identify injury and demographic-related factors predisposing individuals to psychosocial compromise.
METHODS: RE-ENERGIZE was an international, double-blinded, randomized-controlled trial that enrolled 1200 patients with partial- or full-thickness burns that required surgical treatment. For the post hoc analysis, we excluded participants who did not complete the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire. Normative data were taken from the 2021 National Health Interview Survey dataset. Propensity score matching was performed using the nearest-neighbor 1-to-1 method, and the two cohorts were compared in terms of chronic pain, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. A multivariable analysis was performed on the burns cohort to identify factors predicting post-discharge pain and symptoms of anxiety and depression.
RESULTS: A total of 600 burn patients and 26,666 general population adults were included in this study. Following propensity score matching, both groups comprised 478 participants each, who were predominately male, white, overweight and between 20 and 60 years old. Compared to the general population, burn patients were significantly more likely to report the presence of moderate and a lot of pain (p = 0.002). Symptoms of anxiety were significantly higher in the burn population in two of four levels (most of the time; some of the time; p < 0.0001 for both). Responders in the burn population were significantly less likely to report the absence of depressive symptoms (p < 0.0001). Burn patients were also significantly more likely to report that their mental health affects their social life. TBSA, history of depression, and female sex were identified as independently associated factors for pain, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. The presence of chronic pain and anxiety symptoms independently predicted for symptoms of depression.
CONCLUSIONS: Analyzing the largest multicenter cohort of patients with extensive burns, we find that burn injury is associated with chronic pain, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. In addition, TBSA-burned and history of depression directly correlate with the prevalence of chronic pain, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Finally, pain, and symptoms of anxiety and depression are interrelated and may have interactive effects on the process of recovery following burn injury. Burn patients would, therefore, benefit from a multidisciplinary team approach with early mobilization of pain and mental health experts, in order to promptly prevent the development of psychosocial challenges and their consequences.
1326995 Delayed release form FARBWERKE HOECHST AG 19 April 1971 [5 March 1970] 23231/71 Heading A5B A drug dosage form having delayed action when administered orally is made by (a) applying an active ingredient to round globules of 0.1-2mm. diameter, (b) coating the globules with a dialysis membrane comprising polyvinyl acetate and ethyl cellulose and (c) encapsulating the globules. The globules may be non- pareil seeds, or spherical pellets of sugar, lactose or maize starch. The active ingredient may be 1-phenyl-1-(2-pyridyl)-3-dimethylaminopropane-hydrogeno maleinate, 1-(2-phenylethyl) biguanide hydrochloride, caffeine, 7-(#-hydroxypropyl) theophyllin or 1-ephedrinium chloride. The active ingredient may be dispersed in an adhesive solution comprising, for example, sugar, gelatin, starch syrup and water for application to the globules. Once this dispersion has been applied, it may be dried by dusting with talc. The dialysis membrane may comprise, in addition to the film-forming materials a plasticizer (e.g. triethyl citrate, or a phthalate, phosphate or glycerate ester), a surface active agent (e.g. polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty acid or sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate), and a dyestuff. In an Example, it also contains titanium dioxide. It may be applied in methylene chloride solution. The coated globules may be enclosed in gelatin capsules.
NEW MATERIAL:The nicotinic acid ester of formula I (n is 0, 1 or 2). EXAMPLE:3, 4-Dihydro-2-nicotinoyloxyethyl-2, 5, 7, 8- tetramethyl-2H-benzopyran-6-yl nicotinate of formula II. USE:A remedy for hepatic diseases. It has the characteristics of a remedy for alcoholic or drug (e.g. CCl4) toxic hepatopathy. It has the activity to activate the hepatic cell, and promote the functions such as the secretion of gall and bile acid in the liver, metabolism of sugar, detoxication of hepatotoxic substances such as alcohol, etc. PREPARATION:The compound of formula I can be produced by reacting chromal of formula III or its reactive derivative with nicotinic acid or its reactive derivative in an organic tertiary base such as pyridine, triethylamine, etc., at room temperature or under heat-refluxing.
This invention involves synthesis and use of a class of compounds having fomula (I) wherein: p and q are each independently integers of from 2 to 3; r is an integer of from 0 to 4; R2, R3 and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkenoxy, alkenylthio, aryloxy, arylthio, alkyl interrupted by one or more oxa, alkenyl interrupted by one or more oxa, alkyl interrupted by thia, alkenyl interrupted by thia, aryloxyalkyl, alkoxyaryl, aminoalkyl, aminoalkenyl, aminoaryl, aminoarylalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkenyl, hydroxyaryl, hydroxyarylalkyl, halogen substituted versions therof; R1 is a member selected from the group consisting of R2, R3, R4, and radicals of formula (V) and wherein, optionally, any two of R1, R2, R3 and R4 are combined to form a ring structure; said dimers therof, said dimers being formed by the covalent attachment of two complexing agents of formula (I) through a linking group having from 1 to 6 carbon atom;- and physiological salts thereof with the proviso that the molecular weight of said complexing agent does not exceed 2000, which chelation affinity and selectivity for first transition series elements. Administration of the free or conjugated compound, or physiological salts of the free or conjugated compound, results in decrease in the in vivo bioavailability of first transition series elements and/or removal from the body of first transition series elements and elements with similar chemical properties. These characteristics make such compounds useful in the management of diseases associated with a bodily excess of first transition series elements and elements with similar chemical properties. This invention demonstrates that such compounds inhibit mammalian, bacterial, and fungal cell replication and are therefore useful in the treatment of neoplasia, infection, inflammation, immune reponse, and in termination of pregnancy. Since these compounds are capable of decreasing the in vivo availability of tissue iron they are useful in management of free redical mediated tissue damage, and oxidation mediated tissue damage. When combined with radioisotopic or paramagnetic cations of first transition series elements, or elements with chemical properties similar to those of first transition series elements, prior to their administration, the resulting complexes are useful as diagnostic agents in nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
This commentary article describes the results of a Delphi Method discussion between an interdisciplinary team of state dyslexia policy implementers. The authors argue that the International Dyslexia Association (IDA) definition of dyslexia from 2001 skews toward the perspectives of the research community, inadvertently creating implementation challenges for school practice. The article describes how the authors reached this determination; why they believe Vaughn et al.'s (Annals of Dyslexia, 2024) proposed definition marks an improvement over the 2001 IDA definition; and the need for continued support in the dyslexia policy implementation process, including knowledge dissemination efforts and updates to other relevant policy documents. This collaboration between policymakers, educators, and researchers contributes to the special issue by considering how the definition of dyslexia is situated in policy and practice. In so doing, it addresses a longstanding gap in academic research on how policy implementers understand and use the IDA definition.
Thromboembolic complications are common in severe COVID-19 and are thought to result from excessive neutrophil-extracellular-trap (NET)-driven immunothrombosis. Glycosylation plays a vital role in the efficiency of immunoglobulin A (IgA) effector functions, with significant implications for NET formation in infectious diseases. This study represents the first comprehensive analysis of plasma IgA glycosylation during severe SARS-CoV-2 or Influenza A infection, revealing lower sialylation and higher galactosylation of IgA1 O-glycans in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), regardless of the underlying cause of the disease. Importantly, N-glycans displayed an infection-specific pattern, with N47 of IgA2 showing diminished sialylation and bisection, and N340/N327 of IgA1/2 demonstrating lower fucosylation and antennarity along with higher non-complex glycans in COVID-19 compared to Influenza. Notably, COVID-19 IgA possessed strong ability to induce NET formation and its glycosylation patterns correlated with extracellular DNA levels in plasma of critically ill COVID-19 patients. Our data underscores the necessity of further research on the role of IgA glycosylation in the modulation of pathogen-specific immune responses in COVID-19 and other infectious diseases.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the relationship between obesity and constipation among American adults.
METHODS: Our study leveraged data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). This comprehensive approach enabled us to summarize the weighted prevalence rates of obesity in adults. To further deepen our understanding, we employed a variety of analytical methods. These included multivariable logistic regression, subgroup analysis and restricted cubic splines. Through these methodologies, we were able to effectively evaluate the correlation between various obesity indicators and constipation, offering new insights into this complex relationship.
RESULTS: The weighted prevalence of constipation stands at 9.42%. Notably, an increased risk of constipation is linked with a BMI (body mass index) exceeding 28 kg/m2, WSR (waist-stature ratio) that is either between 58.3 and 64.8 or above 64.8, as well as a LAP (lipid accumulation products) ranging from 50.8 to 90.1. In contrast, a reduced risk of constipation is associated with WWI (weight-adjusted-waist index) that falls between 0.015 and 0.020, exceeds 0.020, and without the presence of central obesity (P < 0.05). Restricted cubic spline analysis, a significant non-linear relationship was discerned between BMI, WSR, and LAP in relation to constipation.
CONCLUSIONS: This pioneering large-scale study explores the relationship between various obesity indices and constipation. It reveals that reducing the BMI, WSR, LAP and waist circumference can decrease the risk of constipation. Conversely, a higher value of WWI correlates with a lower constipation risk, and this remains true even after adjusting for a wide range of variables.
APPEASED II is a triple crossover, open-label, randomized controlled pilot trial preceded by a 7-day run in period, aiming to determine the feasibility of a larger confirmatory randomized trial, and to determine the regimen associated with the lowest proportion of non-responders after randomization of EC ASA 162 mg once daily, EC ASA 81 mg twice daily and chewable ASA 40 mg twice daily in patients with type 2 diabetes.The primary endpoint will be to determine, among initial ASA non-responder participants in the run-in phase, the proportion of participants that remain ASA non-responders with different formulations and dosing regimens of ASA, including EC ASA 162 mg once daily, EC ASA 81 mg twice daily and chewable ASA 40 mg twice daily. The incomplete platelet aggregation will be evaluated by the response to arachidonic acid at a concentration of 1mM, measured by LTA (Light Transmission Aggregometry). For every platelet function assessment, serum salicylate concentration will also be measured. Upon the screening visit (day 0), blood will be drawn and baseline platelet function will be assessed. A 7 day supply of aspirin will be given to participants meeting the eligibility criteria. Participants will be instructed to take 1 dose of 80 mg of enteric coated aspirin per day at the same time every day. Upon day 7, participants will return for a second visit before the intake of their daily aspirin, and therefore 24 hours after the previous dose of aspirin was taken. Blood will be drawn and platelet function will be assessed in the same manner as described previously. Participants will then take their 7th dose of aspirin under supervision, and a blood sample will be collected and platelet function will be assessed two hours later. If participants have an incomplete platelet inhibition after exposure to EC aspirin at doses of 80 mg once daily, they will be randomized to a random order of 3 different ASA regimens: EC ASA 162 mg once daily, EC ASA 81 mg twice daily and chewable ASA 40 mg twice daily. These participants will receive the pillbox containing the first assigned regimen on this visit. The 3 study arms and the run-in phase will last 7 days each, with at least 7 days of wash-out between each arm. To accommodate participants with busy schedules and to minimize follow-up losses, a longer washout period will be tolerated if the participant is unable to return to the research center after 14 days. At every visit of the randomized portion of the trial, participants will leave with the next 6-day ASA regimen in a pillbox, that is 6 doses for the once daily regimen and 13 doses for the twice daily regimens. On day 7 of all three study arms, patients will be questioned about medication adherence with the presence of the participant's pillbox. Two blood samples will be collected, one 24 hours after the last dose and one 2 hours after taking the last dose in front of the investigators. The platelet aggregation inhibition with arachidonic acid and platelet reactivity to various agonists will be assessed by LTA. Serum levels of TxB2 will also be assessed.
The safety and PK/PD data will be reviewed prior to the dose decision, and the dose escalation will be guided by the Neuenschwander -continuous reassessment method (N-CRM).The dose escalation will complete when RP2D is determined. The RP2D will be the MTD or a lower dose that provides adequate PK exposure and biologic activity with superior tolerability.
BACKGROUND: The newest generation of Neuroform Atlas stent™ (Stryker, Fremont, California) represents a recent advance of cerebral laser-cut microstents for the treatment of intracranial wide-necked aneurysms, and postoperative complications have been observed among Western patients. We assessed predictors of complications, morbidity, and unfavourable outcomes in a large cohort of patients with aneurysms that were treated with Neuroform Atlas stents in China.
METHODS: This retrospective study included subjects who were treated with Atlas stents in China from November 2020 to January 2022.
RESULTS: A total of 522 consecutive patients (mean age, 58.9 ± 9.9 years; female, 65.3% [341/522]) with 533 aneurysms were included in the study. In the early postoperative period, the neurological morbidity rate was 7.3% (38/522), the ischaemic stroke rate was 5.0% (26/522), the aneurysm rupture subarachnoid haemorrhage rate was 2.3% (12/522), and the mRS score deterioration rate was 5.4% (28/522). The mortality rate was 0.8% (4/522) in the postoperative period. The rate of neurological morbidity during the follow-up period was 1.2% (6/486). In the multifactor prediction analysis, cerebral infarction, Hunt-Hess grade (3-5), procedure duration, stent length and coil protrusion into the parent artery were found to be independent predictors of neurologic morbidity. The procedure duration, stent length and coil protrusion into the parent artery were found to be independent predictors of mRS score deterioration.
CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of SCA (stent-assisted coiling)-related complications with the Atlas stent in this study population was comparable to that in Western populations. We identified the procedure duration and stent length as novel independent predictors of SCA-related ischaemic stroke, neurological morbidity, and mRS score deterioration among the Chinese population.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject agent capable of providing a brain-protecting effect equivalent to that of the conventional hypothermia as to e.g. brain anabiosis, head injury or cerebral apoplexy even when a patient's temperature is normal, by including a specific RNA binding protein. SOLUTION: This agent comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a CIRP protein having the amino acid sequence of the formula, an expression derivative of the protein and a low-molecular compound (having a function involved in e.g. a conveyance of a core of a matured mRNA to cytoplasm or a translation of mRNA to protein) functioning to mimic the protein. An expression amount of the CIRP protein may be controlled by preparing and using an anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotide. The CIRP protein exerts a nerve- protecting effect equivalent to that of the conventional hypothermia in respect of an excitation toxicity of glutamic acid against nerve cells and hence provides an effective treating effect on diseases, e.g. Alzheimer disease, caused by an excitatory amino acid toxicity.
Adverse reactions have occurred with the anti-infective components of neomycin and polymyxin B sulfates and bacitracin zinc ophthalmic ointment. The exact incidence is not known. Reactions occurring most often are allergic sensitization reactions including itching, swelling, and conjunctival erythema (see WARNINGS). More serious hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, have been reported rarely. Local irritation on instillation has also been reported.

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Fera Pharmaceuticals, LLC at (414) 434-6604, Monday-Friday 9am-5pm EST or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
PURPOSE: Previous studies showed that long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) was associated with cardiovascular events. However, the impact of short-term PPI exposure on intensive care unit (ICU) patients with myocardial infarction (MI) remains largely unknown. This study aims to determine the precise correlation between short-term PPI usage during hospitalization and prognostic outcomes of ICU-admitted MI patients using Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database (MIMIC-IV).
METHODS: Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to adjust confounding factors. The primary study outcome was rehospitalization with mortality and length of stay as secondary outcomes. Binary logistic, multivariable Cox, and linear regression analyses were employed to estimate the impact of short-term PPI exposure on ICU-admitted MI patients.
RESULTS: A total of 7249 patients were included, involving 3628 PPI users and 3621 non-PPI users. After PSM, 2687 pairs of patients were matched. The results demonstrated a significant association between PPI exposure and increased risk of rehospitalization for MI in both univariate and multivariate [odds ratio (OR) = 1.157, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.020-1.313] analyses through logistic regression after PSM. Furthermore, this risk was also observed in patients using PPIs > 7 days, despite decreased risk of all-cause mortality among these patients. It was also found that pantoprazole increased the risk of rehospitalization, whereas omeprazole did not.
CONCLUSION: Short-term PPI usage during hospitalization was still associated with higher risk of rehospitalization for MI in ICU-admitted MI patients. Furthermore, omeprazole might be superior to pantoprazole regarding the risk of rehospitalization in ICU-admitted MI patients.
The exosomes have exosome-associated proteins such as the tetraspanin proteins, CD9 and CD81, Alix, Tsg101, and RNA that consists primarily of short RNAs of less than 300 nm. Some of these RNAs are microRNAs that are predominantly pre-microRNAs..Additionally, CB-SC displayed very low immunogenicity as indicated by expression of a very low level of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens and failure to stimulate the proliferation of allogeneic lymphocytes.
BACKGROUND: Fever in children is one of the most common reasons for outpatient visits as well as in-patient evaluation, often causing anxiety among parents and caregivers. Fever can be a standalone feature or be associated with other localising symptoms and signs like rash, lymphadenopathy, or any other organ system involvement with or without a focus of infection. The etiologies of fever vary depending on the clinical setting and epidemiology. India being a tropical country, sees a distinct spectrum of tropical infections. Physicians need to stay updated on the prevalent diseases in their region and the unique factors that may influence the clinical presentations and course of fever in the cohort of children they manage. The challenge lies in balancing the benefit of early treatment for severe diseases versus the harms of unnecessary investigations and treatment for self-resolving illnesses.
OBJECTIVES: This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of fever in children, covering its etiology, clinical features, and management strategies. This review offers an algorithmic approach to fever tailored to the Indian setting to guide physicians in identifying the disease based on clinical symptoms and signs, ordering essential laboratory investigations, and initiating appropriate management promptly.
CONTENT: The review categorises fever into various segments like fever with localising signs like rash, lymphadenopathy, fever due to infection localised to a particular organ system, and fever without a focus including fever of unknown origin. It delves into the diverse etiological factors contributing to fever in each of these categories, encompassing infectious and non-infectious origins. It gives pointers to identify the etiology from history, examination, and confirm them with judicious use of diagnostic investigations with emphasis on identifying the red flag signs that require immediate attention, especially in vulnerable groups like neonates and young infants.