anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is currently listed as the 3rd leading cause of death in the United States. Accumulating data shows the association between COPD occurrence and the usage of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) in patients. However, the underlying pathogenesis mechanisms of COPD have not been fully understood.
METHODS: In the current study, bENaC-overexpressing mice (bENaC mice) were subjected to whole-body ENDS exposure. COPD related features including emphysema, mucus accumulation, inflammation and fibrosis are examined by tissue staining, FACS analysis, cytokine measurement. Cell death and ferroptosis of alveolar epithelial cells were further evaluated by multiple assays including staining, FACS analysis and lipidomics.
RESULTS: ENDS-exposed mice displayed enhanced emphysema and mucus accumulation, suggesting that ENDS exposure promotes COPD features. ENDS exposure also increased immune cell number infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage and levels of multiple COPD-related cytokines in the lungs, including CCL2, IL-4, IL-13, IL-10, M-CSF, and TNF-α. Moreover, we observed increased fibrosis in ENDS-exposed mice, as evidenced by elevated collagen deposition and a-SMA+ myofibroblast accumulation. By investigating possible mechanisms for how ENDS promoted COPD, we demonstrated that ENDS exposure induced cell death of alveolar epithelial cells, evidenced by TUNEL staining and Annexin V/PI FACS analysis. Furthermore, we identified that ENDS exposure caused lipid dysregulations, including TAGs (9 species) and phospholipids (34 species). As most of these lipid species are highly associated with ferroptosis, we confirmed ENDS also enhanced ferroptosis marker CD71 in both type I and type II alveolar epithelial cells.
DISCUSSION: Overall, our data revealed that ENDS exposure exacerbates features of COPD in bENaC mice including emphysema, mucus accumulation, abnormal lung inflammation, and fibrosis, which involves the effect of COPD development by inducing ferroptosis in the lung.
PURPOSE:To detect easily tubercle bacillus phospholipid with high sensitivity and to perform exactly diagnosis, etc. of the patient carrying the tubercle bacilli by observing the agglutination image formed when the latex contg. the sensitized latex particles carrying the tubercle bacillus phospholipid on the surface is brought into reaction with a bodily fluid. CONSTITUTION:The tubercle bacillus phospholipid obtd. by drawing the bacilli from the medium culturing the tubercle bacilli and killing the same by heating is deposited on (co)polymer latex particles of styrene, metaly methacrylate, etc. The better result is obtd. if said phospholipid is deposited on high specific gravity latex particles having 0.9-1.4 specific gravity. Glycine and dextran are preferably added respectively at 0.2- 2wt% and 0.3-3wt% as a stabilizer to the resulting latex carrying the tubercle bacilli. Such sensitized latex is brought into conact with the human bodily fluid or the dilute liquid thereof by a microtiter method and the agglutination image thereof is observed. The decision on the results of the diagnosis and treatment of the active tuberclar patient is thus made possible irrespectively of tuberclin positive or negative with high sensitivity by determining quantitatiely the tubercle bacillus phospholipid without the need for a pretreatment for the sample serum.
Oleamide is an endogenous fatty acid primary amide that possesses sleep-inducing properties in animals and has been shown to effect seratonergic systems and block gap junction communication in a structurally specific manner. Certain agents can serve both as an oleamide agonist and as an inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase. Fatty acid amide hydrolase is responsible for the rapid inactivation of oleamide in vivo. The structural features of oleamide required for inhibition of gap junction-mediated chemical and electrical transmission in rat glial cells are defined. Effective inhibitors fall into two classes of fatty acid primary amides of which oleamide and arachidonamide are the prototypical members. Of these two, oleamide constitutes the most effective and its structural requirements for inhibition of the gap junction are well defined. It requires a chain length of 16-24 carbons of which 16-18 carbons appears optimal, a polarized terminal carbonyl group capable of accepting but not necessarily donating a hydrogen bond, a .DELTA.9 cis double bond, and a hydrophobic methyl terminus. Within these constraints, a range of modifications are possible, many of which may with enhanced in vivo properties.
OBJECTIVES: Sarcopenia is prevalent in middle to old age. We aimed to investigate the association between muscle strength and the incident knee osteoarthritis (OA).
METHODS: 12,043 participants were collected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The effects of sarcopenic obesity (defined by obesity in combination with possible sarcopenia) on knee OA onset were calculated using Poisson regression models. Mediation analysis was fit to estimate mediating proportion of muscle strength on the association between obesity and incident knee OA.
RESULTS: The study all enrolled 12,043 participants with 2,008 progressed to knee OA. Poisson analyses demonstrated causal association of general obesity (RR:1.23, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.39) and abdominal obesity (RR:1.23, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.35) with knee OA onset. For the risk of incident knee OA, participants with the highest level of normalized grip strength had a decreased risk of incident knee OA by 0.33 (RR:0.67, 95% CI: 0.60 to 0.75) times compared to the control group, and chair-rising time was associated with increased risk of incident knee OA by 0.65 (RR:1.65, 95% CI: 1.17 to 2.33) times. Sensitivity analysis identified similar results. Participants with sarcopenic obesity were about 2 times risk of incident knee OA than reference group. Normalized grip strength and chair-rising time mediated the association between obesity and incidence of knee OA.
CONCLUSIONS: Sarcopenic obesity is correlated with an increased risk of knee OA. Muscle strength recovery may alleviate the risk of incident knee OA in middle to old age with obesity.
BACKGROUND: More comprehensive healthcare services should be provided to patients with complex chronic diseases to better manage their complex care needs. This study examined the effectiveness of comprehensive primary care in patients with complex chronic diseases.
METHODS: We obtained 2002-2019 data from the National Health Insurance Sample Cohort Database. Participants were individuals aged ≥ 30 years with at least two of the following diseases: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia. Doctors' offices were classified into specialized, functional, and gray-zone based on patient composition and major diagnostic categories. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to examine the association between office type and hospital admission due to all-causes, severe cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or hyperlipidemia.
RESULTS: The mean patient age was 60.3 years; 55.8% were females. Among the 24,906 patients, 12.8%, 38.3%, and 49.0% visited specialized, functional, and gray-zone offices, respectively. Patients visiting functional offices had a lower risk of all-cause admission (hazard ratio [HR], 0.935; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.895-0.976) and CVD-related admission (HR, 0.908; 95% CI, 0.844-0.977) than those visiting specialized offices. However, the admission risks for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia were not significantly different among office types.
CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence of the effectiveness of primary care in functional doctors' offices for patients with complex chronic diseases beyond a single chronic disease and suggests the need for policies to strengthen functional offices providing comprehensive care.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound shown by the formula I (R1 is phenyl which may be replaced with halogen, nitro, CF3, etc.; R2 and R3 are alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxyalkoxycarbonyl, etc.; R4 is alkyl which may be replaced with cyano, OH, lower alkoxy-imino, etc.; R5 is alkyl). EXAMPLE:2-Methyl-4-( 2-chloro-5-nitrophenyl )-6-formyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester. USE:A vasodilator and a hypotensor. PREPARATION:A compound shown by the formula II (R4a is alkyl which is replaced with oxo protected as acetal) is hydrolyzed to give a compound wherein R4 in the formula I is alkyl replaced with oxo. The hydrolysis is carried out usually under acidic conditions in a solvent usually under cooling.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) results in substantial costs to society is highly prevalent among adults. Importantly, the prevalence PTSD within primary care settings is even higher than the general population as primary care is the setting to which individuals with PTSD most often present. Evidence-based psychotherapies (EBPs) for PTSD are available but dissemination within real world settings is fraught with challenges because these therapies require 10-15, lengthy treatment sessions and extensive therapist training to implement, and these treatments are not feasible within primary care settings given the limited time resources. Consequently, there are multiple barriers to accessing EBPs for PTSD. Efforts to integrate mental health services within primary care for PTSD though collaborative care management (CoCM) interventions are rapidly expanding and have been shown to be effective in the treatment of depression and anxiety. However, the evidence for PTSD is limited due to the time intensive nature of the PTSD therapy approaches that have been examined. An efficient PTSD treatment approach is needed to address the treatment needs of individuals with PTSD presenting to primary care. Written exposure therapy (WET) is a brief EBP that provides an alternative to more intensive EBPs. Recent studies of WET have yielded positive outcomes and have shown it to be non-inferior when directly compared to more time intensive PTSD EBPs, but WET has not yet been examined within the primary care environment. The primary aims of the proposed study are to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of delivering WET into CoCM to improve the management of PTSD among underserved primary care patients in Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs). The pragmatic cluster-randomized study will use a hybrid effectiveness-implementation design. Twelve FQHCs will be randomized to either CoCM plus WET (CoCM+WET) or CoCM alone and 60 patients within each FQHC will be screened for eligibility. The investigators will use the RE-AIM framework (for Reach, Efficacy/Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, \& Maintenance) to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation process of the CoCM+WET intervention using mixed methods. To examine effectiveness and potential mediators and moderators of the intervention, the investigators will administer assessments at baseline, 3- and 12-month follow-up. To assess implementation, the investigators will use clinic process data and clinic staff interviews pre- and post-intervention. This study has the potential to substantially impact practice and public health by validating the effectiveness and feasibility of delivering a brief trauma-focused EBP embedded within CoCM in primary care to improve PTSD outcomes for underserved patients.
Adult participants with upper limb hemiparesis secondary to stroke and greater than 12 months duration. Medical determination that .botulinum toxin injections are indicated for treatment of spasticity.
Single daily sessions of verticalization, using a tilt table with an integrated robotic stepping device (Erigo. Hocoma AG, Switzerland) located in the ICU room. Sessions were performed five times per week (Monday-Friday) for three consecutive weeks (a total of 15 sessions per patient). On the same days the patients received conventional physiotherapy for 30 minutes a day. Before the verticalization period the experimental group received conventional in-bed physiotherapy for 60 minutes a day.
This is a non-randomized (study drug is intentionally assigned to the patient), single-arm (one group of patients receiving the same treatment), open-label (all people involved know the identity of the intervention) study to evaluate tolerability of the combination therapy of JNS002 and bortezomib in 3 to 6 patients with multiple myeloma whose disease has either progressed after at least 1 line of prior therapy or was refractory to initial treatment. Initially, 3 patients will be enrolled and the incidence of dose limiting toxicity (DLT) will be determined at the end of Cycle 1 to evaluate the study doses against the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). If the incidence is =2/3, additional 3 patients will be enrolled to define the MTD. Safety endpoints include adverse events, laboratory tests (hematology, blood biochemistry, and urinalysis), electrocardiogram (ECG), LVEF, chest X-ray, vital signs (body temperature, pulse rate, and blood pressure), and body weight. Efficacy evaluation will be performed in terms of antitumor effect, according to criteria for assessment of antitumor effect similar to the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) criteria. Bortezomib 1.3 mg/m2 by rapid (bolus) intravenous (IV) administration will be given on Days 1, 4, 8, and 11 of each 21-day cycle. In addition, JNS002 30 mg/m2 by IV infusion will be given at a rate of = 1 mg/minute on Day 4 of every 21-day cycle after bortezomib. Treatment will continue for a total of 6 cycles of therapy (126 days).
BACKGROUND: Literature on optimal energy provision via parenteral nutrition (PN) is limited and the evidence quality is low. The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a difference in outcomes in adult critically ill patients when receiving lower vs higher calorie provision via PN early in intensive care unit (ICU) stay.
METHODS: Adult patients initiated on PN within the first 10 days of ICU stay from May 2014 to June 2021 were included in this retrospective study. The primary outcome was to determine the impact of lower (<20 kcal/kg/day) vs higher (>25 kcal/kg/day) calorie provision on all-cause, in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were to determine the impact of calorie provision on hospital or ICU length of stay and incidence of complications.
RESULTS: This study included 133 patients: a lower calorie provision group (n = 77) and a higher calorie provision group (n = 56). There was a significant difference in all-cause, in-hospital mortality between the lower and the higher calorie provision groups (36.36% and 17.86%, respectively; P = 0.02). However, upon a multivariate analysis of death at discharge, the specific calorie provision group did not affect the probability of death at hospital discharge. The secondary outcomes were not significantly different between groups.
CONCLUSION: When comparing lower calorie provision with higher calorie provision in adult critically ill patients receiving PN early within their ICU stay, there were no differences in outcomes after controlling for significant confounders. Future larger prospective studies should further evaluate optimal caloric provision via PN in this population.
Standard Defibrillation Threshold Testing is a procedure in which a low energy shock will be delivered to the heart to induce ventricular fibrillation (VF) followed by a rescue shock to restore sinus rhythm. Process is repeated after 5 minutes.
Systems and methods for monitoring brain health include determining baseline health of a subject through clinical assessment. A first plurality of observables of the subject across a period of time, comprising a plurality of time intervals, is obtained. Also obtained is a second plurality of observables of the subject across the period. The first and second observables are each one of sensor measurements, measurements of one or more analytes, physiological measurements, and subjective observations. For each time interval, at one least observable in the first plurality of observables and in the second plurality of observables taken during the interval is used to compute a respective brain health index value set for the subject comprising two or more of a motor skill, cognitive skill, mood, and sleep status. A brain health trajectory is determined through comparison of these value sets to the baseline health of the subject at each time interval.
The present invention relates to biologically active peptides with reduced toxicity and methods of preparing them. The peptides of the invention, which can be unsubstituted or N-terminal substituted have formula (I), wherein X is a biologically active amphiphilic ion channel-forming peptide or protein, T is a lipophilic moiety or hydrogen, and W is T or hydrogen. Preferably T is formula (II), wherein R is a hydrocarbon (alkyl or aromatic or alkylaromatic) having at least 2 and no more than 10 carbon atoms. T is preferably an octanoyl group. The peptides and proteins of the invention have improved antimicrobial and anti-tumor biological activity while exhibiting reduced toxicity. A preferred method of reducing toxicity involves the formation of related methane sulfonate derivatives or analogues. Additionally, the compounds of the invention may be used to treat sepsis, septic shock, and lung infections, such as those occuring in cystic fibrosis.
In phase 1, each patient received a 1 hour infusion of a single dose of 1 g of meropenem diluted in 100 ml of normal saline solution, at the same time as the start of the first therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and meropenem PK studies were carried out after the administration of meropenem. Blood samples (3 ml) were obtained by direct venipuncture at the following times: shortly before (time zero) and 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 hours after the start of the meropenem administration.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a complex having excellent cell proliferation promoting action and capable of providing a cell proliferation promoter such as wound healing promoter by binding a fibroblast growth factor to fucoidan. SOLUTION: This complex is obtained by bringing (A) a fibroblast growth factor(FGF) into contact with (B) fucoidan in an aqueous medium. bFGF is preferably used from a viewpoint of binding efficiency to the component B as FGF of the component A. FGF extracted from various organs such as pituitary body of human, monkey, pig, etc., is exemplified as the FGF. An extract, e.g. extracted from Rhodophyta or Phaeophyceae with hot water or diluted hydrochloric acid aqueous solution or its purified product can be used as fucoidan of the component B. Furthermore, it is preferable to use fucoidan extracted from Nemacystus decipiens. When producing the complex, the component B is preferably used in an amount of 2-20mol based on 1mol component A. Thereby, the objective medicine having high safety can be obtained.
A process for producing cellulose pulp and a filtrate of cellulose pulp that functions as a preservative for digestible food products that are intended for human and animal consumption. In the emulsification process wax paper, water, preservative potassium sorbate and the surfactant hydroxylated lecithin are heated and blended. The cellulose pulp is filtered through a filter having openings of about 2 micrometers. The cellulose pulp acts as a preservative when used with food products such as dietary fiber, a caking agent used in the dairy industry to prevent caking and clumping of graded cheese, dry seasoning and spiced soups. The cellulose pulp can also be used to improves the flowability of products which enhances their performance in packaging. The filtrate can be used as a water base for food products and acts to preserve the food product. Also fresh fruits and vegetables can be washed with the filtrate which increases the time that they can be stored without refrigeration.
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and patent foramen ovale (PFO) are considered as risk factors for stroke. In most cases, the presence of FOP has no clinical impact. Certain hemodynamic conditions inducing a right-left pressure gradient can promote the reopening of a FOP and allow the passage of blood, presenting micro or macro-thrombi, from the venous system to the arterial system, explaining the mechanism of paradoxical embolism. OSAS generates a pressure increase in the right cavity during inspiratory efforts, which increases the number of right-left shunt embolus and therefore the risk of stroke. OSA and FOP are often thought as two separate entities, however, due to their high frequencies, they sometimes coexist and can influence the pathophysiology of each other. Evidence of a clinically significant interaction and causation in the genesis of stroke remains limited. More researches are needed in this area to confirm this complex association and its role in triggering stroke.
Methods: A national multicenter cohort of young adults, infected with HIV since birth or during childhood, including a common module and a physiopathological module (metabolic,, cardiovascular and immunological). A control group of HIV-uninfected young adults is included for comparison in the latter module. Patients aged between 18 and 25 years of age, whose HIV diagnosis was made before the age of 13 are eligible for ANRS CO19 COVERTE. This cohort is an extension of the EPF cohort (ANRS CO10), in which follow-up stops at the age 18, with an extension to adults with a HIV diagnosis established before the age of 13. Questionnaires are filled out by physicians once a year. Self-administered questionnaires are also carried out. Blood sampling and specific biological exams are collected and a biobank constituted. In the physiopathological module, specific exams are carried out at inclusion and after 3 years of follow-up: metabolic and immunological exams, OGTT, CT-scan and DXA-scan, and cardiovascular explorations (carotid intima-media thickness, pulse wave velocity ...). An estimated 400 enrolments during the first 3 years is expected in the common module and an estimated 200 HIV-infected subjects and 75 uninfected controls is expected in the physiopathological module.

Expected results: The follow-up of young adults in this cohort will bring new data on the long term efficacy of antiretroviral treatment and their adverse events, from the metabolic, cardiovascular and immunological, point of view, be they linked or not to HIV infection per se. This analysis will take into account the characteristics of this population, as compared to adults infected during adulthood: an early exposure to HIV and antiretroviral treatment, a different social context, difficulties in care, and a different exposure to risk factors for adverse events and complications. We will evaluate the impact of the transition to adulthood and of the transition from paediatrics to adult departments, on clinical prognosis, adherence, professional and schooling integration, sexuality, social life.
Advances in surgical techniques have made it possible to remove all macroscopic tumors in more hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal venous thrombus (PVTT). However, the benefit of such surgery remains largely controversial. On one hand, many clinicians believe that surgical resection offers the only chance for long term survival. Many studies reported a median survival of 6-40 months after liver resection and thrombectomy, and some cases achieved long term survival.On the other hand, the strength of evidences arising from these studies was widely questioned because of their retrospective nature and study design. Most of them were single arm cohort study. A few studies used control groups consisted of patients with unresectable HCC and PVTT underwent transarterial chemoembolization. This led to obvious selection bias. Because patients with unresectable HCC and PVTT have a much poorer prognosis compared with resectable disease because of more widespread tumor focus and less residual liver, even if their baseline characters are comparable.
The PM+MiLE is a six sessions intervention lasting approximately 90 minutes. A session will be delivered weekly for six week.