anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Urethral stricture (US) is a longstanding disease, while there has not existed a suitable animal model to mimic the condition. We aimed to establish a trauma-induced US animal model to simulate this clinical scenario. A total of 30 rats were equally distributed into two groups, sham and US group. All rats were anesthetized with isoflurane and undergone cystostomy. In the US group, a 2 mm incision was made in the urethra and sutured to induce US. The sham group only make a skin incision on the ventral side of the anterior urethra. 4 weeks later, ultrasound and cystourethrography were performed to evaluate the degree of urethral stricture, pathological examinations were carried out to evaluate the degree of fibrosis. Urodynamic evaluation and mechanical tissue testing were performed to evaluate the bladder function and urethral tissue stiffness. The results showed that the urethral mucosa was disrupted and urethral lumen was stenosed in the US group. Additionally, the US group showed elevated bladder pressure, prolonged micturition intervals and increased tissue stiffness. In conclusion, the rat urethral stricture model induced by trauma provides a closer representation of the real clinical scenario. This model will significantly contribute to advancing research on the mechanisms underlying traumatic urethral stricture.
Vitamin K is an essential dietary cofactor required for the synthesis of active forms of vitamin K-dependent procoagulant proteins. Vitamin K deficiency, particularly late-onset deficiency occurring between 1 week and 6 months of age, can cause a life-threatening bleeding disorder. An exclusively breastfed, full-term, 6-week-old infant male presented with severe haemorrhagic shock and multi-system organ failure related to caregiver refusal of intramuscular vitamin K after birth. Coagulation studies were normalised within 8 hours of intramuscular vitamin K administration. An increasing number of caregivers are refusing intramuscular vitamin K which has led to a rise in the incidence of vitamin K deficiency bleeding. Health policy organisations around the world emphasise the benefits of intramuscular vitamin K and risks of refusal, particularly in exclusively breastfed infants who are at higher risk due to low vitamin K levels in breast milk. This case highlights the multi-system severity of this life-threatening yet preventable disorder.
INTRODUCTION: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a mucolytic agent with antioxidant properties. Oxidative stress is a key pathogenic mechanism in chronic respiratory conditions such as COPD and chronic bronchitis (CB). In these meta-analyses we investigated the efficacy of NAC in subjects with COPD or CB, the latter being a potential pre-COPD condition (CB/pre-COPD).
METHODS: The meta-analyses were conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Exacerbations were assessed using total number of exacerbations. Improvement in patients' respiratory symptoms and/or patients quality of life (QoL) were measured by validated tools or assessed at the end of the study.
RESULTS: Twenty studies were included, of which seven evaluated NAC in patients with symptoms of CB/pre-COPD as entry criterion. NAC treated patients showed a significant reduction of the incidence of exacerbations as compared to placebo both in COPD (IRR=0.76; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.59-0.99) and CB/pre-COPD (IRR=0.81; 95% CI 0.69-0.95). Sensitivity analyses in studies with duration higher than 5 months, confirmed the overall results. CB/pre-COPD patients treated with NAC were significantly more likely to experience an improvement in symptoms and/or QoL compared to placebo (odds ratio (OR)=3.47; 95% CI 1.92-6.26). A similar trend was observed in the few COPD studies evaluable. Sensitivity analyses showed a significant association of NAC with improvement in symptoms and/or QoL both in CB/pre-COPD and COPD patients.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide novel data of NAC on the improvement in symptoms and QoL in addition to prevention of exacerbations in COPD and CB/pre-COPD. PROSPERO registry no. CRD42023468154.
Patients in the test group will receive conventional immediate implant placement combined with socket shield technique. Briefly, the hopeless teeth will be splited from mesial and distal, the buccal part will be preseved and the palatal part will extracted. Implant will be placed in the palatal side and grafting materials will be filled in the buccal gap. After 4 months, implant impression and crown delivery will be finished.
This is a Phase 3, multicenter, randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, active-controlled study of rolapitant in subjects receiving HEC (≥60 mg/m2 of cisplatin-based chemotherapy). Study drug will be administered 1 - 2 hours prior to initiation of chemotherapy on Day 1. Granisetron and dexamethasone will be administered approximately 30 minutes before initiation of chemotherapy on Day 1,except in patients receiving taxanes as part of cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Subjects will record all events of emesis and use of rescue medication for established nausea and/or vomiting and will indicate the severity of nausea they experienced in each of the previous 24 hours in the NV Subject Diary prior to HEC administration through Day 6 in Cycle 1. Dexamethasone 8 mg twice daily (part of study regimen) on Days 2 through 4 is NOT considered rescue therapy. Health-related quality of life will be measured by the FLIE Questionnaire on Day 6 of Cycle 1. Safety and tolerability will be assessed by clinical review of AEs, physical examinations including complete neurological assessment, vital signs,electrocardiograms (ECGs), and safety laboratory values including BUN andcreatinine. All subjects are expected to complete Cycle 1 and will have the option of participating in up to five additional cycles. The study will investigate the efficacy of rolapitant for the treatment of CINV during an initial chemotherapy cycle (Cycle 1).

Safety analyses will include data from Cycle 1 and from subsequent cycles. At the Screening Visit, blood samples may be collected and stored in this study and maybe analyzed for future biomarker research related to safety and efficacy. Analysis of these samples may include DNA, RNA, or protein markers. The biomarker blood samples will be stored for up to 2 years post study completion. In addition, PK samples will be collected from subjects enrolled in selected sites.
The dietary supplement under study was composed of fructo-oligosaccharides - FOS: 4.95 gr / sachet and Bifidobacterium animalis lactis: VES002 (LMG P-28149): 5 billion / sachet. They came in the form of sachets of powder to be diluted in a glass of water. Doses were 2 sachets per day for the first 5 days and then 1 sachet per day for the next 25 days.
Participants will be titrated on varenicline as follows: days 1-3, .5 mg per day; days 4-7, .5 mg twice per day, and days 7-12, 1 mg twice per day. Placebo and varenicline pills will be matched in number of pills and packaging of active medications.
Compositions that bind viral proteins that are specifically expressed during the latent stage of the viral life cycle are disclosed. These compositions bind the latent viral proteins while the viral proteins are expressed in their cellular host, and provide a means for targeting cells that harbor latent virus. In a preferred embodiment the compositions are antibodies which bind the extracellular region of the latent viral protein, most preferably LMP-2A, an EBV latent protein, which are conjugated to a diagnostic or cytotoxic agent or immobilized to a solid support for removal of the infected cells. These antibodies are capable of distinguishing cells expressing EBV DNA from cells which are not expressing EBV DNA. Compositions that can be used to elicit production of these antibodies, or as a vaccine, are also disclosed. Methods for generating diagnostic or cytotoxic reagents and vaccines based on the viral epitopes that identify cells harboring latent virus are also disclosed. The antibody conjugates can be used in diagnostic assays to identify cells expressing latent viral protein and people who are harboring latent viral particles. The antibody conjugates can also be used to remove the infected cells or to kill the infected cells. Alternatively, or in addition, the viral proteins or portions thereof can be used as a vaccine to induce an immune reaction by the host to kill the infected cells. These methods can be used to detect or treat patients harboring latent viruses like EBV and who are at risk of developing a disease such as an autoimmune disease like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
The invention relates to curcumol derivatives with anti-tumor activity, and a preparation method and application of the curcumol derivatives, belonging to the technical field of medicines. The invention relates to new compounds which have the anti-tumor activity and are as shown in a general formula I. The invention also relates to preparation and use of the compounds. A series of curcumol derivatives with the anti-tumor activity are designed and synthesized by taking an easily obtained natural product, i.e., curcumol as a raw material and using a partial synthesis method, and the curcumol derivatives show the better anti-tumor activity in in-vitro experiments; the compounds can be applied to the research of anti-tumor medicines by means of further experiments. (The general formula I is shown in the description.).
BACKGROUND: People living with serious respiratory illness experience a high burden of symptoms. This review aimed to determine whether multicomponent services reduce symptoms in people with serious illness related to respiratory disease.
METHODS: Electronic databases were searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating multicomponent services that enrolled patients due to symptoms, rather than underlying disease, and provided at least one nonpharmacological intervention. The primary outcome was chronic breathlessness and secondary outcomes were health-related quality of life (HRQoL), cough, fatigue and adverse events. At least two authors independently screened studies, assessed risk of bias and extracted data.
RESULTS: Five RCTs, involving 439 patients, were included. In comparison to usual care, multicomponent services improved breathlessness mastery (Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ) mastery scale, mean difference (MD) 0.43 points, 95% CI 0.20-0.67, three RCTs, 327 participants) and HRQoL (CRQ total score, MD 0.24 points, 95% CI 0.04-0.40, two RCTs, 237 participants). Fatigue did not improve with multicomponent services and no studies evaluated cough. No serious adverse events were reported. The one study evaluating mortality found increased survival in those accessing a multicomponent service. The certainty of evidence was very low, mainly due to detection and reporting bias.
CONCLUSION: Multicomponent services improve breathlessness mastery and HRQoL, with minimal risk. These findings support the use of multicomponent symptom-directed services for people living with serious respiratory illness.
Patients will receive the cohort specified dose of AZD1775 by mouth, twice a day for 3 days, commencing on days 1 and 8. Cisplatin 40mg/m2 IV delivered over 1 hour on day 8. Patients in this group will commence surgery within 42 days of commencing pre-operative chemotherapy.
Congenital epidermodysplasia verruciformis (CEV) is a Genodermatosis linked to different inheritance patterns and mutations of the EVER1/TMC6 and EVER2/TMC8 genes. There is an acquired form (AEV) associated with immunodeficiency states, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; however, the literature about AEV is limited and imprecise, so a systematic review was performed. A search of the main databases from 1975 to 2021 identified 126 studies, of which 80 met the inclusion criteria. The diagnosis of AEV is complex due to atypical manifestations and locations, it requires a mean follow-up of 7 years, and the lesions do not change with ART therapy, CD4 count, or viral load. Histopathological findings are variable depending on the location of the lesions. HPV 5 remains the serotype most frequently associated with AEV and CEV, although HPV 20 is more frequent than HPV 8 in AEV. Most treatments have low efficacy, the most described are glycolic acid 15%, 5-fluorouracil 5%, imiquimod 5%, and topical retinoids all of them in monotherapy or combined with cryotherapy. Other alternatives include topical cidofovir and systemic retinoids with variable results. The oncologic prognosis is still inconclusive; however, the development of squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma are frankly lower concerning CEV. This review opens new opportunities for future research. Additionally, we provide clear and useful key points for the practice of dermatologists and all professionals treating HIV patients around the world.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composition separated from a distillation residue of barley Shochu (Japanese distilled spirit) and having antioxidizing actions.  <P>SOLUTION: In the production of a Shochu made from barley as a raw material, the distillation residue of the barley Shochu formed as a by-product is subjected to liquid-solid separation to provide a liquid component which is then subjected to an ion exchange treatment with an ion exchange resin to afford a fraction unadsorbed on the ion exchange resin. The resultant fraction unadsorbed on the ion exchange resin is subjected to an ultrafiltration treatment with an ultrafiltration membrane to provide a concentrate. An organic solvent is added to the concentrate to separate a fraction (A) insoluble in the organic solvent. The distillation residue of the barley Shochu is subjected to the solid-liquid separation to afford the liquid component which is then subjected to an adsorption treatment with a synthetic adsorbent to provide a fraction adsorbed on the synthetic adsorbent. The resultant fraction adsorbed on the synthetic adsorbent is eluted with an alkali or ethanol to afford a desorbed fraction (B) which is mixed with the fraction (A) insoluble in the organic solvent in a prescribed proportion. The composition is composed of a mixture (A+B) and assumes excellent antioxidizing actions with in vitro tests related to in vivo oxidation.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI
PURPOSE:To obtain a drug composition useful as an anti-cancer drug, having improved absorption properties from digestive tube, excellent granulating properties, disintegrating properties and stability, containing a specific benzoylurea- based compound as a main component, a dispersant and a disintegrator. CONSTITUTION:A drug composition containing one or more of compounds shown by formula I [X is halogen or nitro (with the proviso that when Y is nitro, X is halogen or nitro); Y is H, halogen or nitro; Z1 is halogen; Z2 is H or halogen ; A is =CH- or N] and formula II as a main component, a nonionic surface active agent such as polyoxyethylene hardened castor oil as a dispersant and at least one selected from a saccharide (e.g. glucose, lactose or starch), sugaralcohol (e.g. mannitol) and silicic anhydride (e.g. light silicic anhydride) as a disintegrator. A dose of the compound shown by formula I can be reduced and side effects are also lowered by using the drug composition, especially a dried preparation.
BACKGROUND: The effect of intraoperative anesthetic regimen on pulmonary outcome after minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer is yet undetermined. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of volatile anesthesia (sevoflurane or desflurane) compared with propofol-based intravenous anesthesia on pulmonary complications after minimally invasive esophagectomy.
METHODS: Patients scheduled for minimally invasive esophagectomy were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 general anesthetic regimens (sevoflurane, desflurane, or propofol). The primary outcome was the incidence of pulmonary complications within the 7 days postoperatively, which was a collapsed composite end point, including respiratory infection, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, atelectasis, respiratory failure, bronchospasm, pulmonary embolism, and aspiration pneumonitis. The severity of pulmonary complications, surgery-related complications, and other secondary outcomes were also assessed.
RESULTS: Of 647 patients assessed for eligibility, 558 were randomized, and 553 were analyzed. A total of 185 patients were assigned to the sevoflurane group, 185 in the desflurane, and 183 in the propofol group. Patients receiving a volatile anesthetic (sevoflurane or desflurane) had a significantly lower incidence (36.5% vs 47.5%; odds ratio, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.91; P = .013) and lower severity grade of pulmonary complications ( P = .035) compared to the patients receiving propofol. There were no statistically significant differences in other secondary outcomes between the 2 groups.
CONCLUSIONS: In patients undergoing minimally invasive esophagectomy, the use of volatile anesthesia (sevoflurane or desflurane) resulted in the reduced risk and severity of pulmonary complications within the first 7 postoperative days as compared to propofol-based intravenous anesthesia.
This report summarises a Forum conducted in June 2023 to explore the current state of the knowledge around the Eatwell Guide, which is the UK government's healthy eating tool, in relation to population and planetary health. The 1.5-day Forum highlighted the limited, albeit promising evidence linking higher adherence to the Eatwell Guide with favourable health outcomes, including reduced overall mortality risk, lower abdominal obesity in post-menopausal women and improved cardiometabolic health markers. Similarly, evidence was presented to suggest that higher adherence to the Eatwell Guide is associated with reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Presentations were given around cultural adaptations of the Eatwell Guide, including African Heritage and South Asian versions, which are designed to increase the acceptability and uptake of the Eatwell Guide in these communities in the United Kingdom. Presentations highlighted ongoing work relevant to the applications of the Eatwell Guide in randomised controlled trials and public health settings, including the development of a screening tool to quantify Eatwell Guide adherence. The Forum ended with a World Café-style event, in which the strengths and limitations of the Eatwell Guide were discussed, and directions for future research were identified. This Forum report serves as a primer on the current state of the knowledge on the Eatwell Guide and population and planetary health and will be of interest to researchers, healthcare professionals and public health officials.
The present invention relates to the manufacture of mono, di and multivalent polypeptide binding complexes, also mono, di or multispecific polypeptide binding complexes and uses thereof. The invention also relates to the manufacture and use of a diverse repertoire of antigen specific VH binding domains derived from phage display libraries, transgenic animals or natural sources. Preferably the VH binding domains and the dimerisation domains comprise human sequences. The polypeptide binding complexes comprise homo or heterodimerisation domains with four antigen binding [VH] domains fused at the amino and carboxyl termini of the dimerisation domains preferably using natural hinge or linker peptides. Where the polypeptide binding complexes lack CH2-CH3 effector functions they are preferably less than 120 kDa in size. Routes of manufacture are described herein.
Web implementation ("W")provides only web-based (distance learning) training and consultation to mental health therapists providing TF-CBT treatment to adjudicated youth in RTF. Therapists access the initial 10 hour training course(www.musc.edu/tfcbt) and follow-up consultation (www.musc.edu/tfcbtconsult) at their own convenience and as needed during the course of the study, with RTF administrators guaranteeing that therapists have time to do so. This implementation strategy is free and more convenient to therapists and administrators as it can be accessed whenever desired.
The total study period is approximately 14 + 28 days. There will be a total of 5 visits: a screening visit, followed by visits at 0, 7, 14 and 28 days. (These dates may vary by approximately 2 days in the event of a weekend or holiday). At the baseline visit (day 0), patients will be randomly assigned to atorvastatin 10 mg/day (given as 1 placebo pill + 1 10mg pill), 80 mg/day (given as 2 40mg pills) or placebo (given as 2 placebo pills). Subjects will be asked to take 2 pills every day at the same time between 7 p.m. and 8 p.m., and record in a calendar/diary any side effects, missed doses, change in concomitant medication, or any other pertinent information. At each visit, blood will be collected for the following tests: 1) Lipid profile, 2) C-Reactive protein, 3) Rho kinase expression and activity in leukocytes, 4) nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression/activity in platelets, and 5) leukocyte/monocyte adhesion/migration assays. Blood for hepatic and muscle tests (ALT, GGT and CK) to monitor for side effects will be determined at baseline and at 28 days and as clinically indicated. At each visit, patients will be questioned about compliance with study medication and any side effects. All patients will be encouraged to adhere to the NCEP-ATPIII recommended therapeutic life style. Subjects will be asked to resume any statin medications they were taking prior to enrollment upon completion of the study.
For Cycle 1, enrolled patients will receive 0.1 mg/kg vopratelimab (JTX-2011) on Day 1, followed by 1000 mg pimivalimab (JTX-4014) on Day 8. For Cycle 2 and beyond, vopratelimab and pimivalimab will be administered in combination (on Day 1) q6w.
Subjects allocated to the treatment arm of the study will be administrated Levofloxacin 500mg/d given p.o. once a day, starting on day 10 from beginning of each cycle until day 28 on an ambulatory basis. Levofloxacin will be continued in the first 4 Azacytidine cycles.
For participants aged 8-11 and weighing \> 24 kgs, the dosage is daily 3 grams for 2 weeks followed by daily 6 grams for 10 weeks. For children aged 12-16 and weighing \> 40 kgs, the dosage is daily 5 grams for 2 weeks followed by daily 10 grams for 10 weeks.