anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This systematic review primarily aims to provide a summary of the game mechanics implemented in eHealth tools supporting young people's self-management of their chronic diseases. This review secondarily investigates the rationale for implementing game mechanics and the effects of these tools. A systematic search was conducted in Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, from inception until August 30, 2022. Studies were eligible if focus was on the utilization of gamification in eHealth self-management interventions for young people (age = 10-25 years) with chronic diseases. Primary quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method studies written in English were included. We identified 34 eHealth tools, of which 20 (59%) were gamified tools and 14 (41%) were serious games. We found that 55 unique game mechanics were implemented. The most commonly used were rewards (50%), score (44%), creative control (41%), and social interaction (32%). In comparison with gamified tools, the number and diversity of game mechanics applied were higher in serious games. For most tools (85%), a general rationale was provided for utilizing gamification, which often was to promote engaging experiences. A rationale for using specific game mechanics was less commonly provided (only for 45% of the game mechanics). The limited availability of experimental research precludes to test the effectiveness of using gamification in eHealth to support self-management in young people with chronic diseases. In this study, we highlight the importance of reporting the rationale for utilizing specific game mechanics in eHealth tools to ensure a proper alignment with evidence-based practice and the need of conducting experimental research. PROSPERO: CRD42021293037.
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare histiocytic disease derived from the mononuclear phagocytic system, affecting between 2 and 10 cases per one million children under 15 years. Controversy exists as to whether it is a true malignancy or a cancer-like disease, given that the BRAFV600E mutation frequently found in LCH has been found in several cancers as well as in benign nevi. Regardless, among histiocytic disorders, LCH is well-known to result from clonal proliferation of immature cells that can affect a single organ (single system LCH) which may be unifocal or multifocal; or LCH may involve multiple organs which may be limited or widespread. Notably, involvement of specific organs such as the liver, spleen, and bone marrow is typically considered high risk. A biopsy is a critical element for diagnosis as histiocytes with surface expression of CD207 (langerin) and CD1a are a defining characteristic of LCH. In addition to a biopsy of either skin lesion, lymph node, or tumor, standard imaging such as CT, MRI, and PET will be used to assess the extent of disease.

This trial is designed to evaluate treatment of newly diagnosed or relapsed LCH patients with targeted therapy (trametinib). The investigators hypothesize that this will help establish a new treatment for these patients who have historically been treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy that can potentially be associated with serious adverse effects as well as relapse which have typically been noted within two years, therefore justifying the rationale to treat for minimum of two years. This clinical trial will provide an opportunity to assess for adverse events and toxicities associated with trametinib for the treatment of LCH among pediatric patients. Additionally, the investigators will critically analyze the effectiveness of genomic cancer testing through the use of liquid, tumor, and tumor-match next-generation sequencing (NGS) in patients with an LCH diagnosis.
Participants will receive 12, 90-minute individual sessions of RP delivered twice-weekly as consistent with the experimental condition. The RP manual is adapted from the NIAAA Project MATCH Cognitive-Behavioral Coping Skills Therapy Manual and has been used in prior NIH-funded trials of integrated, trauma-focused treatment. Session topics include, for example, Triggers for Alcohol Use, Coping with Cravings and Urges to Drink (e.g., avoid alcohol cues, distracting activities, talk to friends/family, urge surfing), Managing Thoughts about Alcohol and Drinking by challenging and changing thoughts, Planning for Emergencies and Coping with a Lapse, Drink Refusal Skills, Increasing Pleasant Activities and Enhancing Social Support.
Infants randomized to receive caffeine will continue to receive caffeine at standard of care maintenance dose of 10-15 mg/kg/day given every 24 hours. The dose will be weight adjusted every 7 days, starting on the day of enrollment. Caffeine will be given enterally, via nasogastric tube or by mouth.
BACKGROUND: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a type of chronic childhood arthritis with complex pathogenesis. Immunological studies have shown that JIA is an acquired self-inflammatory disease, involving a variety of immune cells, and it is also affected by genetic and environmental susceptibility. However, the precise causative relationship between the phenotype of immune cells and JIA remains unclear to date. The objective of our study is to approach this inquiry from a genetic perspective, employing a method of genetic association analysis to ascertain the causal relationship between immune phenotypes and the onset of JIA.
METHODS: In this study, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to select single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with immune cells as instrumental variables to analyze the bidirectional causal relationship between 731 immune cells and JIA. There were four types of immune features (median fluorescence intensity (MFI), relative cellular (RC), absolute cellular (AC), and morphological parameters (MP)). Finally, the heterogeneity and horizontal reproducibility of the results were verified by sensitivity analysis, which ensured more robust results.
RESULTS: We found that CD3 on CM CD8br was causally associated with JIA at the level of 0.05 significant difference (95% CI = 0.630 ~ 0.847, P = 3.33 × 10-5, PFDR = 0.024). At the significance level of 0.20, two immunophenotypes were causally associated with JIA, namely: HLA DR on CD14+ CD16- monocyte (95% CI = 0.633 ~ 0.884, P = 6.83 × 10-4, PFDR = 0.16) and HLA DR on CD14+ monocyte (95% CI = 0.627 ~ 0.882, P = 6.9 × 10-4, PFDR = 0.16).
CONCLUSION: Our study assessed the causal effect of immune cells on JIA from a genetic perspective. These findings emphasize the complex and important role of immune cells in the pathogenesis of JIA and lay a foundation for further study of the pathogenesis of JIA.
Non-invasive imaging plays an increasingly important role in emergency medicine, given the trend towards smaller, portable ultrasound devices, the integration of ultrasound imaging across diverse medical disciplines, and the growing evidence supporting its clinical benefits for the patient. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) provides a compelling illustration of the impactful role that imaging plays in distinguishing diverse clinical presentations of heart failure with numerous associated comorbidities, including pulmonary, renal, or hepatic diseases. While a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction might misguide the clinician away from diagnosing cardiac disease, there are several clues provided by cardiac, vascular, and lung ultrasonography, as well as other imaging modalities, to rapidly identify (decompensated) HFpEF. Congestion remains the primary reason why patients with heart failure (irrespective of ejection fraction) seek emergency care. Furthermore, comprehensive phenotyping is becoming increasingly important, considering the development of targeted treatments for conditions exhibiting HFpEF physiology, such as cardiac amyloidosis. Timely recognition in such cases has lasting implications for long-term outcomes.
This large community-based cohort study investigates the impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), specifically Liraglutide and Semaglutide, on the risk of developing psychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety, and suicidal behaviors in patients with obesity. Utilizing post-marketing data, this research compares patients prescribed GLP-1 RAs (cases) with those not taking these medications (controls). The analysis spanned data from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2023. To minimize selection bias, we employed 1:1 propensity score matching to account for demographic factors such as age, sex, race, and comorbidities. After matching, the study included 162,253 case and control patients. This study showed a significant association between GLP-1 RA treatment and an 98% increased risk of any psychiatric disorders. Notably, patients on GLP-1 RAs exhibited a 195% higher risk of major depression, a 108% increased risk for anxiety, and a 106% elevated risk for suicidal behavior. These findings underscore the critical need for physicians to thoroughly assess patient history before prescribing GLP-1 RAs and highlight the urgent requirement for further prospective clinical trials to fully understand the implications of GLP-1 RA use on mental health in the obese patient population.
The BEL was developed on the basis of previous research on lifestyle interventions made by our own group and other researchers \[1, 2\]. It is a group-based programme (5-8 participants) with 12 sessions, one session a week, and 2 booster sessions with two-week intervals. The themes for the group sessions are, e.g., activity balance, healthy living, work-related activities, and social activities. Each session contains a main group activity and a home assignment to be completed between sessions. The main group activity starts with analysing the present situation and proceeds with identifying desired goals and finding strategies for how to reach them. The home assignment is aimed at testing one of the proposed strategies. Self-analysis, setting goals, finding strategies and evaluating the outcome of tested strategies form a process for each session, but also for the BEL intervention as a whole.
Pain is allowed up to 5/10 during exercises, monitored by NPRS. Depending on tissue irritability and other factors such as ROM, the exercises may be performed in an isometric way, or dynamic.
Research participants will complete six weeks of supervised aerobic and resistance exercise training in addition to supervised respiratory muscle training (IMET). IMET sessions will be performed similar to EXT, with the exception of having sessions of at-home IMT training. On these days, all training will be spread out over a 2-hour session with periods of IMT training occurring at the beginning, middle, and end of the session. Cardiopulmonary, cerebral and peripheral vascular function will be measured pre and post IMET.
PURPOSE:A base material for transparent toothpaste having low refractive index and improved stability, obtained by sintering dried finely divided silivic acid powder at constant temperature. CONSTITUTION:A base material for transparent toothpaste obtained by sintering finely divided silicic acid powder in a dried condition at 400-600 deg.C for at least not less than 10 minutes. The finely divided silicic acid is prepared by reacting an alkali metal silicate with an acid. The dired condition means that the weight loss or free water, which is acquired by heating the silicate until a constant weight is reached, is not more than 15wt%. The precipitation product prepared in the above-mentioned reaction is filtered and is dried by usual drying means of finely divided powder, e.g., drying in the sun, chamber dryer, pneumatic conveying dryer, spray dryer, and turnel dryer to give the desired silicic acid. The precipitation product is washed well by water before the drying so that the unreacted acid or alkali component do not adhere to it.
Low-load knee extension resistance training (20% of 1-RM) without blood flow restriction. A 10-cm wide inflatable cuff will be placed around the upper portion of the thigh but not inflated.
All subjects will receive study treatment in 4-week cycles: Fruquintinib, QD, 5mg with best supportive care for 3 consecutive weeks, and then one week off. Tumor assessment will be performed every 4 weeks in the first 2 cycles, and every 8 weeks since the 3rd cycle, until disease progression or death. Subsequent anti-neoplastic treatment and survival status will be followed up after disease progression.
BACKGROUND: Older adults are at high risk of developing delirium in the emergency department (ED); however, it is under-recognized in routine clinical care. Lack of detection and treatment is associated with poor outcomes, such as mortality. Performance measures (PMs) are needed to identify variations in quality care to help guide improvement strategies. The purpose of this study is to gain consensus on a set of quality statements and PMs that can be used to evaluate delirium care quality for older ED patients.
METHODS: A 3-round modified e-Delphi study was conducted with ED clinical experts. In each round, participants rated quality statements according to the concepts of importance and actionability, then their associated PMs according to the concept of necessity (1-9 Likert scales), with the ability to comment on each. Consensus and stability were evaluated using a priori criteria using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data was examined to identify themes within and across quality statements and PMs, which went through a participant validation exercise in the final round.
RESULTS: Twenty-two experts participated, 95.5% were from west or central Canada. From 10 quality statements and 24 PMs, consensus was achieved for six quality statements and 22 PMs. Qualitative data supported justification for including three quality statements and one PM that achieved consensus slightly below a priori criteria. Three overarching themes emerged from the qualitative data related to quality statement actionability. Nine quality statements, nine structure PMs, and 14 process PMs are included in the final set, addressing four areas of delirium care: screening, diagnosis, risk reduction and management.
CONCLUSION: Results provide a set of quality statements and PMs that are important, actionable, and necessary to a diverse group of clinical experts. To our knowledge, this is the first known study to develop a de novo set of guideline-based quality statements and PMs to evaluate the quality of delirium care older adults receive in the ED setting.
AIMS: Emerging evidence highlights the role of COVID-19 in instigating gut dysbiosis, with repercussions on disease severity and bidirectional gut-organ communication involving the lung, heart, brain, and liver. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in addressing gut dysbiosis associated with COVID-19, as well as their impact on related disease severity and clinical outcomes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We systematically review 27 studies exploring the efficacy of different microbiome-modulating therapies: probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation as potential interventions for COVID-19.
KEY FINDINGS: The probiotics and synbiotics investigated encompassed a spectrum of eight bacterial and fungal genera, namely Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Pediococcus, Bacillus, Saccharomyces, and Kluyveromyces. Noteworthy prebiotics employed in these studies included chestnut tannin, galactooligosaccharides, fructooligosaccharides, xylooligosaccharide, and resistant dextrin. The majority of the investigated biotics exhibited positive effects on COVID-19 patients, manifesting in symptom alleviation, inflammation reduction, and notable decreases in mortality rates. Five studies reported death rates, showing an average mortality ranging from 0 % to 11 % in the intervention groups, as compared to 3 % to 30 % in the control groups. Specifically, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics demonstrated efficacy in diminishing the duration and severity of symptoms while significantly accelerating viral and symptomatic remission. FMT emerged as a particularly effective strategy, successfully restoring gut microbiota and ameliorating gastrointestinal disorders.
SIGNIFICANCE: The insights gleaned from this review significantly contribute to our broader comprehension of the therapeutic potential of biotics in addressing COVID-19-related gut dysbiosis and mitigating secondary multi-organ complications.
Methods for using bioadhesive and stearic interactions specific to copolymers with at least two moieties, to minimize adverse effects mediated by external influences on cell, tissue, organ system, and organism biology. Copolymers have bioadhesive properties driven by electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions and passivation though hydrophilic moieties. These copolymers are useful for reducing rates of viral infectivity in target cells, and in reducing host morbidity. These copolymers are useful for reducing ADC related toxicity including corneal epithelial toxicity. Formulations of these copolymers are safe and well tolerated. Epithelial cells and surfaces including precursor or stem cell corneal epithelial cells are treated with these copolymers to confer utility and benefit.
PURPOSE:To provide an agent for dyeing sordes on tooth by using a dye for sordes on tooth in combination with a binder and/or a surfactant. CONSTITUTION:The objective agent for dyeing sordes on tooth contains (A) 0.5-3w/v% dye for sordes on tooth (e.g. amaranth, erythrocin, neucoccin, chlorophyll pigment, methylene blue, etc.) and (B) 0.01-1w/v% binder (e.g. agar, sodium alginate, starch paste, gelatin, gum, wax, etc.) and/or 0.05-2w/v% surfactant (e.g. water-soluble salt of alkylsulfuric acid ester such as sodium laurate, etc., water-soluble salt of monoalkylphosphoric acid ester such as sodium monolaurylphosphate, etc., water-soluble salt of N-acylamino aid such as sodium N-lauroylsarcosine, etc.). EFFECT:Sordes on tooth can be dyed with the agent clearly and uniformly without degrading the appearance of the tooth. Since a swab containing said agent rapidly absorbs a large amount of water, the state of adhering sordes on tooth can be observed easily after the application of the agent.
Because of the wide variation in the absorption and distribution of tricyclic antidepressants in body fluids, it is difficult to directly correlate plasma levels and therapeutic effect. However, determination of plasma levels may be useful in identifying patients who appear to have toxic effects and may have excessively high levels, or those in whom lack of absorption or noncompliance is suspected. Because of increased intestinal transit time and decreased hepatic metabolism in elderly patients, plasma levels are generally higher for a given oral dose of amitriptyline hydrochloride than in younger patients. Elderly patients should be monitored carefully and quantitative serum levels obtained as clinically appropriate. Adjustments in dosage should be made according to the patient’s clinical response and not on the basis of plasma levels.**
BACKGROUND: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is one of the most common inherited neuropathies. The disease is generally characterized by sensory loss most prominent in distal extremities, muscle weakness, and muscle wasting. There is still no effective therapy for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
CASE PRESENTATION: The patient is a 6-year-old Iranian girl, of Fars ethnicity, who was admitted with a chief complaint of hoarseness and an impression of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B. She was initially treated with noninvasive ventilation and, after a year, electively underwent cordotomy as a novel therapeutic approach.
CONCLUSIONS: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4B is a less common but important cause of stridor. Noninvasive ventilation treatment and unilateral posterior cordotomy can be utilized for hereditary neuropathies.
Non-peptidyl compounds characterized generally as ethereal N-terminal aminodiol derivatives of amino acids are useful as renin inhibitors for the treatment of hypertension. Compounds of particular interest are of formula (I), wherein X is selected form oxygen atom and methylene; wherein R1? is selected from methyl ethyl, t-butyl-oxycarbonyl and 2-(N-piperidinyl)ethyl; wherein R2? is selected from hydrido, methyl, ethyl and isopropyl; wherein R3? is selected from benzyl, phenethyl, pyridyl-methyl and 2-pyridylethyl; wherein each of R4? and R6? is independently selected from hydrido and methyl; wherein R7? is cyclohexylmethyl; wherein R8? is isobutyl; wherein each of R9? and R11? is hydrido; wherein m is zero or one and n is a number selected from zero through five; or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof; with the proviso that where m is zero, then R5? is selected from imidazolemethyl, thiazolemethyl and isobutyl; and with the further proviso that when m is one, then R5? is methyl or ethyl.
Application of low level laser without any dose (0 Joule) before strenuous exercise. A laser device with a cluster of 5 diodes (810 nm, 200 mW) each diode was used for this study.
A diagnostic test kit for detecting an analyte residing in a test sample is provided. The kit employs a lateral flow device that contains a membrane. A metering channel is formed in the membrane that is capable of delivering a controlled volume of the test sample to a detection zone upon initiation of the assay. Such a metering channel is particularly effective for embodiments in which the test sample has a relatively low volume, such as less than about 100 microliters, in some embodiments less than about 25 microliters, and in some embodiments, less than about 10 microliters. For example, whole blood drops obtained from patients with a lancet from low-pain areas (due to reduced nerve endings than finger), such as the forearm, thigh, or other alternate sites, may have a volume of from about 0.1 to about 5 microliters. Despite their low volume, the present inventors have discovered that the blood drops may still be accurately analyzed for the presence of an analyte using lateral flow detection techniques.
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Previous studies reported inconsistent results on the prevalence and prognostic implications of frailty among older adults with gastric cancer. This systematic review synthesized available literature pertaining on this topic to establish the prevalence and unfavorable outcomes of frailty in older adults with gastric cancer.
METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple English databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science as well as Chinese databases, namely, CNKI, Wan Fang, and CBM, from inception to July 4, 2023, to identify potential studies. Data related to the incidence of frailty and its unfavorable outcomes in older adults with gastric cancer were extracted. RevMan5.3 and R 4.2.2 were used to evaluate pooled prevalence, hazard ratios (HR), and 95% confidence interval (CI).
RESULTS: This review comprehensively selected 13 studies, comprising 9 cohort studies and 4 cross-sectional studies, on 44,117 older adults diagnosed with gastric cancer. The incidence of frailty among older adults with gastric cancer ranged from 10 to 71%. The pooled prevalence of frailty was 29% (95% CI 0.21-0.39). Frailty was found to be associated with an elevated risk of postoperative complications (HR = 1.99, 95% CI 1.45-2.73), prolonged postoperative hospital stay (HR = 2.68, 95% CI 2.38-3.02), likelihood of readmission (HR = 3.28, 95% CI 1.77-6.08), and an increased mortality risk (HR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.36-1.90).
CONCLUSIONS: Frailty was associated with a poor prognosis in older adults with gastric cancer. Clinical medical staff should focus on the frailty of older adults with gastric cancer, conduct large-scale, multicenter, and prospective studies and early screening of patients, and provide guidance for the implementation of prevention and treatment strategies.