anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Preparations of insulin are obtained by reacting insulin (in the form of hydrochloride) with a protamine, e.g. clupein, in solution.  The term protamine is intended to mean those simple proteins and protein fission products obtainable from the sperm and testicles of fish which include in their composition arginine and may include histine and lysine.  According to an example, a mixture in aqueous solution of insulin hydrochloride and clupein which is at a pH of about 3,5, is mixed with a buffer solution at about pH 7 whereby the insulin - protamine product is precipitated.  Specification 435,195, [Group VI], is referred to.ALSO:Preparations of insulin are obtained by reacting insulin (in the form of hydrochloride) with a protamine, e.g. clupein, in solution, the product being less soluble in blood plasma and tissue fluid than is insulin hydrochloride.  The term protamine is intended to mean those simple proteins and protein fission products, obtainable from the sperm and testicles of fish, which include in their composition arginine and may include histine and lysine.  According to an example, a mixture in aqueous solution of insulin hydrochloride and clupein which is at pH of about 3,5 is mixed with a buffer solution at about pH7 whereby the insulin-protamine product is precipitated.  On shaking a homogeneous suspension is formed which can be used directly for injections, these having a more gradual physiological effect than insulin hydrochloride.  Specification 435,195 is referred to.
PCT No. PCT/FR95/00576 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 28, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 28, 1997 PCT Filed May 3, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/30760 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 16, 1995A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and/or treating the expression of brooding behavior in a bird is disclosed, wherein the composition is comprised of a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle in combination with one of the following: (a) an active ingredient comprising a hybrid construct comprising a carrier group and a protein, wherein said protein comprises at least one antigenic determinant for bird prolactin; (b) a microorganism which expresses the hybrid construct at its surface, or which excretes the hybrid construct; and (c) antibodies directed against at least one bird prolactin antigen site.
PURPOSE:To provide an antiulcer agent exhibiting remarkable antiulcer action i.e. gastric-acid secretion suppressing action as well as gastric mucosa protecting action and useful for the treatment and prevention of gastritis caused by peptic ulcer (gastric and duodenal ulcer), alcohol, medicine, etc. CONSTITUTION:The objective agent having gastric-acid secretion suppressing action and gastric mucosa protecting action contains a quinuclidine compound of formula or its salt, e.g. pharmaceutically allowable salt of an inorganic acid (e.g. hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid) or organic acid (e.g. maleic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, oxalic acid or fumaric acid) as an active component. The agent exhibits remarkable antiulcer action and, accordingly, it is useful for the prevention and treatment of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer induced by various causes, e.g. ethanol-induced hemorrhagic gastric mucosal erosion and gastric injury induced by lesion, stress or medicine. The active component is administered at a rate of 1-1,000mg/day, preferably 10-500mg/day for adult preferably in 1-5 divided doses.
The immune system effects of TYSABRI may increase the risk for infections. In Study MS1 [see Clinical Studies (14.1)], certain types of infections, including pneumonias and urinary tract infections (including serious cases), gastroenteritis, vaginal infections, tooth infections, tonsillitis, and herpes infections, occurred more often in TYSABRI-treated patients than in placebo-treated patients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1), Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. One opportunistic infection, a cryptosporidial gastroenteritis with a prolonged course, was observed in a patient who received TYSABRI in Study MS1. 

In Studies MS1 and MS2, an increase in infections was seen in patients concurrently receiving short courses of corticosteroids. However, the increase in infections in TYSABRI-treated patients who received steroids was similar to the increase in placebo-treated patients who received steroids. 

In a long-term safety study of patients treated with TYSABRI for multiple sclerosis, opportunistic infections (pulmonary mycobacterium avium intracellulare, aspergilloma, cryptococcal fungemia and meningitis, and Candida pneumonia) have been observed in <1% of TYSABRI-treated patients. 

In CD clinical studies, opportunistic infections (pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, pulmonary mycobacterium avium intracellulare, bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and burkholderia cepacia) have been observed in <1% of TYSABRI-treated patients; some of these patients were receiving concurrent immunosuppressants [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1), Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. 

In Studies CD1 and CD2, an increase in infections was seen in patients concurrently receiving corticosteroids. However, the increase in infections was similar in placebo-treated and TYSABRI-treated patients who received steroids. Concurrent use of antineoplastic, immunosuppressant, or immunomodulating agents may further increase the risk of infections, including PML and other opportunistic infections, over the risk observed with use of TYSABRI alone [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1), Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. The safety and efficacy of TYSABRI in combination with antineoplastic, immunosuppressant, or immunomodulating agents have not been established. Patients receiving chronic immunosuppressant or immunomodulatory therapy or who have systemic medical conditions resulting in significantly compromised immune system function should not ordinarily be treated with TYSABRI. The risk of PML is also increased in patients who have been treated with an immunosuppressant prior to receiving TYSABRI [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. 

For patients with Crohn's disease who start TYSABRI while on chronic corticosteroids, commence steroid withdrawal as soon as a therapeutic benefit has occurred. If the patient cannot discontinue systemic corticosteroids within six months, discontinue TYSABRI.
Students randomized to the control group will be given an electronic copy of the Guidelines for Psychological Practice with Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming People (APA, 2015) and asked to take notes in the pdf document. The amount of time students spend on the document and note-taking will be recorded and notes will be analyzed for content. As an incentive, the participants in the control group will be given access to TTACS after they complete the post-intervention assessment.
Despite decades of research to develop pharmacotherapies for nicotine dependence (ND), with current FDA approved medications (bupropion, varenicline and NRTs) the majority (\>60%) of smokers relapse in the first year following treatment (Lerman, Patterson et al. 2005; Tonstad, Tonnesen et al. 2006). Testing novel medications that may reduce abstinence symptoms that prompt smoking relapse is a plausible route to identifying new treatments for nicotine dependence. The goals of this within-subject pilot study are: (1) assess the feasibility and safety of administering the Catechol-O-Methyl-Transferase (COMT) inhibitor, tolcapone, to smokers, and (2) explore whether tolcapone may reduce abstinence-induced cognitive and affective symptoms that promote relapse. A secondary exploratory goal is to assess whether these effects may be more pronounced in smokers who carry a high risk COMT genotype for smoking relapse: COMT val/val. Sixteen smokers (8 met/met genotype and 8 val/val genotype) who meet study eligibility criteria will complete two 10-day medication periods: one while taking tolcapone and one while taking placebo (order counterbalanced). The testing session will occur on day 7 of each medication phase and include three computerized tasks. Participants will be asked to refrain from smoking for at least 14 hours (overnight) prior to the testing day in each medication phase. There will be a 3-day medication taper on days 8-10 of each medication period, followed by a washout period of at least 7 days between medication periods. The main outcomes to be evaluated are participant enrollment and retention, side effects, and performance on computerized tasks. Positive results from this pilot study would provide a basis for a larger scale investigation to assess the efficacy of tolcapone as a medication that ameliorates abstinence induced neurocognitive symptoms in smokers.
Instruct patients that during administration, the patient should rest, ideally in the sitting position. Hold the container vertically with the valve head uppermost and the spray orifice as close to the mouth as possible. Spray the dose preferably onto or under the tongue by pressing the grooved-button firmly and the mouth closed immediately after each dose. THE SPRAY SHOULD NOT BE INHALED. The medication should not be expectorated or the mouth rinsed for 5 to 10 minutes following administration. Instruct patients to familiarize themselves with the position of the spray orifice, which can be identified by the finger rest on top of the valve, in order to facilitate orientation for administration at night [see Patient Information (17)].

The amount of liquid remaining in the container should be checked periodically. The transparent container can be used for continuous monitoring of the consumption. With the container upright and level, check to be sure the end of the center tube extends below the level of the liquid. Once fluid falls below the level of the center tube, remaining sprays will not deliver intended dose.
FISH based PGD techniques have provided little improvement in implantation and delivery rates. We believe that the use of 24 chromosome PGD, as compared to control (no PGD) will show a benefit to patients. This study is a randomized clinical trial that seeks to validate 24 chromosome PGD.

Patients that meet the eligibility criteria will be randomized prior to embryo transfer. In order to be randomized, the patient must have blastulated embryos suitable for biopsy on day 5. Half of the patients will received 24 chromosome PGD and will have 2 PGD normal embryos transferred. Half the the patients will receive no PGD and the 2 morphologically best embryos will be transferred. Follow up on pregnant patients will be a blood draw at approximately 9 weeks gestation and buccal swabs collected from the infant(s).
BACKGROUND: Exercise training is fundamental in pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), but patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often struggle with exercise intolerance. Respiratory support during exercise in COPD patients may be a beneficial adjunct therapy. In this study, the effect of different respiratory support therapy during pulmonary rehabilitation exercise training in COPD patients was assessed through a network meta-analysis.
METHODS: Five databases were searched to obtain randomized controlled trials involving different respiratory support therapies during PR exercise training in COPD patients. The Cochrane Handbook tool was employed to assess the risk bias of included studies. Network meta-analysis was performed using the STATA software. The study protocol was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42023491139).
RESULTS: A total of 35 studies involving 1321 patients and 6 different interventions were included. Network meta-analysis showed that noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) is superior in improving exercise capacity (6-Minute Walk Test distance, peak work rate, endurance time), dyspnea, and physiological change (peak VO2, tidal volume, minute ventilation and lactate level) in stable COPD patients who were at GOLD stage III or IV during PR exercise training. The final surface under the cumulative ranking curve value indicated that NPPV therapy achieved the best assistive rehabilitation effect.
CONCLUSIONS: The obtained results indicate that NPPV is most powerful in assisting exercise in severe COPD patients under stable condition. Researchers should focus more on the safety, feasibility, and personalization of interventions. Furthermore, there is a need for additional high-quality trials to assess the consistency of evidence across various respiratory support approaches.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42023491139).
Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness in children under the age of 12 years has not been established.

ADVERSE REACTIONS: Reports of irritation and hypersensitivity to sodium sulfacetamide are uncommon. The following adverse reactions, reported after administration of sterile ophthalmic sodium sulfacetamide, are noteworthy: instances of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and instances of local hypersensitivity which progressed to a syndrome resembling systemic lupus erythematosus; in one case a fatal outcome was reported (see WARNINGS). Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. 

OVERDOSAGE: The oral LD50 of sulfacetamide in mice is 16.5 g/kg. In the event of overdosage, emergency treatment should be started immediately. 

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.

Manifestations: Overdosage may cause nausea and vomiting. Large oral overdosage may cause hematuria, crystalluria and renal shutdown due to the precipitation of sulfa crystals in the renal tubules and the urinary tract. For treatment, contact your local Poison Control Center or your doctor.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION: Seborrheic dermatitis including seborrhea sicca - Wash affected areas twice daily (morning and evening), or as directed by your physician. Avoid contact with eyes or mucous membranes. Wet skin and liberally apply to areas to be cleansed, massage gently into skin working into a full lather, rinse thoroughly, pat dry and repeat after 10 to 20 seconds. Rinsing with plain water will remove any excess medication. Repeat application as described for 8 to 10 days. lf skin dryness occurs it may be controlled by rinsing cleanser off sooner or using less frequently. Regular shampooing following SODIUM SULFACETAMIDE 10% CLEANSING GEL is not necessary, but the hair should be shampooed at least once a week. As the condition subsides, the interval between applications may be lengthened. Applications once or twice weekly or every other week may prevent recurrence. Should the condition recur after stopping therapy, the application of SODIUM SULFACETAMIDE 10% CLEANSING GEL should be reinitiated as at the beginning of treatment. 

Secondary cutaneous bacterial infections - Wet skin and liberally apply to areas to be cleansed, massage gently into skin for 10 to 20 seconds working into a full lather, rinse thoroughly and pat dry. Rinsing with plain water will remove any excess medication. Repeat application as described for 8 to 10 days. If skin dryness occurs it may be controlled by rinsing cleanser off sooner or using less often.
Preclinical: Intravenous studies in rats with albuterol sulfate have demonstrated that albuterol crosses the blood-brain barrier and reaches brain concentrations amounting to approximately 5.0% of the plasma concentrations. In structures outside the blood-brain barrier (pineal and pituitary glands), albuterol concentrations were found to be 100 times those in the whole brain.

Studies in laboratory animals (minipigs, rodents, and dogs) have demonstrated the occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death (with histologic evidence of myocardial necrosis) when beta-agonists and methylxanthines are administered concurrently. The clinical relevance of these findings is unknown.

Propellant HFA-134a is devoid of pharmacological activity except at very high doses in animals (380 to 1,300 times the maximum human exposure based on comparisons of AUC values), primarily producing ataxia, tremors, dyspnea, or salivation. These are similar to effects produced by the structurally related CFCs, which have been used extensively in metered-dose inhalers.

In animals and humans, propellant HFA-134a was found to be rapidly absorbed and rapidly eliminated, with an elimination half-life of 3 to 27 minutes in animals and 5 to 7 minutes in humans. Time to maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) and mean residence time are both extremely short, leading to a transient appearance of HFA-134a in the blood with no evidence of accumulation.

Reproductive Toxicology Studies: A study in CD-1 mice given albuterol sulfate subcutaneously showed cleft palate formation in 5 of 111 (4.5%) fetuses at 0.25 mg/kg (less than the maximum recommended daily inhalation dose for adults on a mg/m2 basis) and in 10 of 108 (9.3%) fetuses at 2.5 mg/kg (approximately 8 times the maximum recommended daily inhalation dose for adults on a mg/m2 basis). The drug did not induce cleft palate formation at a dose of 0.025 mg/kg (less than the maximum recommended daily inhalation dose for adults on a mg/m2 basis). Cleft palate also occurred in 22 of 72 (30.5%) fetuses from females treated subcutaneously with 2.5 mg/kg of isoproterenol (positive control).

A reproduction study in Stride Dutch rabbits revealed cranioschisis in 7 of 19 fetuses (37%) when albuterol sulfate was administered orally at a 50 mg/kg dose (approximately 680 times the maximum recommended daily inhalation dose for adults on a mg/m2 basis).

In an inhalation reproduction study in New Zealand white rabbits, albuterol sulfate/HFA-134a formulation exhibited enlargement of the frontal portion of the fetal fontanelles at and above inhalation doses of 0.0193 mg/kg (less than the maximum recommended daily inhalation dose for adults on a mg/m2 basis).

A study in which pregnant rats were dosed with radiolabeled albuterol sulfate demonstrated that drug-related material is transferred from the maternal circulation to the fetus.
Music therapy was applied to the patients in the experimental group with the help of mp3 and headphones for 30 minutes in a position where they felt comfortable. Hüseyni makam was used for music therapy. Posttest-1 data were collected immediately after the end of the music therapy. 30 minutes after the posttest-1 data, the posttest-2 data were collected. The patients in the control group, on the other hand, did not undergo any procedure other than medical intervention. Posttest-1 data were collected 30 minutes after the pretest and posttest-2 data 30 minutes after the posttest-1.
60 subjects aged 20-35 years with ocular surface disease index score greater than 13 will be taken from the University of Faisalabad. After taking consent, procedure starts from history then Schirmer test 1 will be performed to measure the tear deficient dry eye. Tear break up time will be done to assess the evaporative dry eye. Corneal surface staining will be used to measure corneal erosions. OSDI questionnaire will be used for the evaluation of ocular symptoms related to dry eye. The digital blue light blocking filter will be randomly installed in digital devices of the 80 subjects and rest of 80 will be without filter. After baseline data follow ups will be after 3 weeks and second after 8 weeks of filter use. Schirmer test 1, tear break up time corneal surface staining and OSDI will be performed on both groups (filter users and non-filter users) for the evaluation of dry eye. Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 21. Result of this study will give knowledge that use of digital blue light blocking filters are useful in the management of dry eye disease.
Liver fibrosis is characterized by abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, disrupting normal liver function. Despite its significant health impact, effective treatments remain limited. Here, we present the development of engineered lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for targeted RNA therapeutic delivery in the liver. We investigated the therapeutic potential of modulating the G2 and S-phase expressed 1 (GTSE1) protein for treating liver fibrosis. Through screening, we identified P138Y LNP as a potent candidate with superior delivery efficiency and lower toxicity. Using these engineered LNPs, we successfully delivered siGTSE1 to hepatocytes, significantly reducing collagen accumulation and restoring liver function in a fibrosis animal model. Additionally, GTSE1 downregulation altered miRNA expression and upregulated hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α). These findings suggest that therapeutic gene silencing of GTSE1 is a promising strategy for treating liver fibrosis by regenerating liver phenotypes and functions.
BACKGROUND: Conventional radiographs of hands and feet are used to depict structural damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This is also commonly done in clinical practice in symptomatic patients at risk for RA (clinically suspect arthralgia (CSA)), but its rationale is unclear. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of radiographic erosive disease in patients with CSA and its progression over time.
METHODS: Patients with symptomatic arthralgia of the Leiden CSA cohort were studied during 2-year follow-up or until development of inflammatory arthritis (IA). Erosive disease was defined according to the radiologist, or according to the RA-specific erosive definition in light of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) 2010 RA criteria. Serial radiographs were evaluated according to the Sharp van der Heijde Scoring method (SHS) and radiographic erosive progression was determined. Additionally, it was evaluated if baseline erosive disease associated with IA development. Analyses were stratified for anticitrullinated protein antibody status.
RESULTS: 1497 radiographs of hands and feet of 749 patients with CSA were studied. Median SHS-erosion score at baseline was 0 (IQR 0-1). RA-specific erosive disease was present in 1.7% according to the radiologist, and 2.5% according to the ACR/EULAR criteria. No patients with CSA progressed ≥5 SHS-erosion points during follow-up. Erosive disease at CSA onset was not associated with IA development (HR 0.98 (95% CI 0.40 to 2.44)).
CONCLUSIONS: At CSA onset, radiographic erosive disease is rare. In addition, it is rarely progressive within the CSA phase and not predictive for IA development. Therefore, for clinical practice, routinely made radiographs of hands and feet (such as regularly done at RA diagnosis) can be omitted in the at-risk stage of arthralgia.
In Treatment Sequence 2, Period 1, participants will be dosed with PF-06651600 PO QD for 9 days and administered a single dose of OC on the morning of Day 10. After a washout period of at least 10 days, participants will continue into Period 2 and will receive an additional single dose of OC.