anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Abdominal wall reconstruction requires extensive dissection of the abdominal wall, exposure of the retroperitoneum, and aggressive chemoprophylaxis to reduce the risk of thromboembolic complications. The need for early anticoagulation puts patients at risk for bleeding. We aimed to quantify postoperative blood loss, incidence of transfusion and reoperation, and associated risk factors in patients undergoing complex abdominal wall reconstruction.
METHODS: All patients underwent a posterior component separation with transversus abdominis release and placement of retromuscular mesh for ventral hernias <20 cm wide and were enrolled in a clinical trial assessing the utility of trans-fascial mesh fixation. A post hoc analysis was performed to quantify postoperative hemoglobin drop, blood transfusions, and procedural interventions for ongoing bleeding during the first 30 postoperative days. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of transfusion.
RESULTS: In 325 patients, hemoglobin decreased by 3.61 (±1.58) g/dL postoperatively. Transfusion incidence was 9.5% (n = 31), and 3.1% (n = 10) required a surgical intervention for bleeding. Initiation of therapeutic anticoagulation postoperatively resulted in a higher likelihood of requiring surgical intervention for bleeding (odds ratio 10.4 [95% confidence interval 2.75-43.8], P < .01). Use of perioperative therapeutic anticoagulation was associated with higher rates of transfusion (odds ratio 3.51 [95% confidence interval 1.34-8.53], P < .01). Neither intraoperative blood loss nor operative times were associated with an increased transfusion requirement or need for operative intervention.
CONCLUSION: Patients undergoing transversus abdominis release are at a high risk of postoperative bleeding that can require transfusion and reoperation. Patients requiring postoperative therapeutic anticoagulation are at particularly high risk.
The intervention includes 3 aspects (exercise, nutrition and breathing). Our intervention is a home-based multimodal prehabilitation program supported through an online platform.
NEW MATERIAL:The peptide of formula I (G-COOH is Glu; R is amino or residue of chromophore). EXAMPLE:The compound of formula II. USE:It inhibits the activity of alpha2-plasmin inhibitor in blood, and is useful as an agent to promote fibrinolysis. It is also useful as a diagnostic agent for hemostatic abnormality and thrombosis because the compound is an excellent glutamine substrate of blood coagulation factor XIII. PREPARATION:The compound can be synthetized by conventional peptide synthesis procedure, e.g. by solid-phase process, liquid-phase process, etc. Concretely, the constituent units are condensed successively from the lysine of formula I (No.12) by the solid-phase process using e.g. polystyrene-benzhydrylamine resin, and the synthesized peptide is separated from the resin with hydrogen fluoride.
Arm 2 is followed by a 14 day washout period. Arm 2 last 30 days. Subject will be given a drug (placebo or midodrine) to take during Arm 2.
The initial dose of esketamine was set as 0.06 mg / kg, and the injection time of esketamine was 5 s. One minute after injection of esketamine, sufentanil 0.4 μg / kg was injected within 5 s, and the number of coughs within 1 min after injection was recorded. According to the evaluation of sufentanil-induced cough, the dose of esketamine was adjusted. If the patient had no cough ( negative reaction ), the dose of esketamine in the next patient was reduced until the cough reaction occurred. If the patient had a cough reaction ( positive reaction ), the dose of esketamine in the next patient was increased until the cough disappeared. The dose ratio of adjacent esketamine was 1.1. Each group was selected from the previous patient with positive reaction until the 7 groups of positive and negative reactions appeared alternately, and the test was completed.
To determine the effect of Buzzy® application on pain, which is a combination of cold and vibration, during measles-rubella-mumps (MMR) vaccine injection administration on 12-month-old infants. The study is a randomized contrlled experimental research. The research sample is composed of 60 infants (buzzy:30, control:30) who are 12-month-old injected MMR vaccine at Bakırköy No. 9 Family Health Center between November 2018-May 2019. As a data collection tool Data Collection Form, FLACC Pain Scale and Buzzy® device have been used. While Buzzy® was applied on infants in the trial group before, during and after the vaccine injection, the infants in the control group were applied routine vaccine injection. The pain response of the infants was evaluated by the nurse and the parent before, during and after the vaccine injection and the physiological parameters were evaluated by the nurse before and after the vaccine injection.
Increasingly, the group of patients undergoing cardiac surgery are older. Patients that are more elderly and frail are known to have an increase risk of injury to major organs following surgery including the heart, kidneys, and brain, all of which are associated with worse survival or diminished quality of life. It is becoming more important to be able to predict how well patients will fair in cardiac surgery, including predicting risk of complications (such as stroke or heart attacks) as well as long-term survival and quality of life. Currently, scores such as EUROscore can be used with good effect in predicting survival and major complications in cardiac surgery patients. However, frailty - the severity of a patient's weakness or fragility - has emerged as a potential candidate in predicting risk. Recent research has shown frailty score to predict risk of survival and complications following cardiac surgery and suggested to be possibly superior to pre-existing scores. The investigators wish to investigate the possible link between frailty and outcomes following cardiac surgery, in addition to current risk scores. The investigators also wish to determine whether frailty can effectively predict longer-term outcomes such as 'disability-free survival' - a patient-centred score that measures the ability of a patient to lead normal life activities. Patients undergoing major cardiac surgery at King's College Hospital will be recruited, following consent. The study will mainly involve questionnaires at various stages, starting at a pre-operative clinic. After surgery, follow up of patient's progress will be carried out at 3 days in hospital; and at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months and 1 year via telephone. The investigators expect the results of this observational study to influence further research into the use of frailty risk scoring prior to clinical decisions, and add to the evidence in assessing risk-related outcomes in cardiac surgery.
The External Chest Compression are performed with guidance of the CPRmeter device. (Guidance of the External Chest Compression) The duration or rhythm of a relay during which a rescuer performs External Chest Compression before being relayed by another rescuer is 2 minutes according to the current guidelines.
The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of combining IV ketamine, a rapid acting antidepressant, with a course of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), for the initial and maintenance treatment of depression. Both ketamine and MBCT are used for treatment of depression, however, the combination of ketamine and psychotherapy has been studied mostly for drug addiction. Despite its rapid onset and effectiveness for depression, ketamine is most effective in the short term. MBCT is a therapeutic approach that combines cognitive behavioral techniques (CBT) with mindfulness strategies in order to help individuals better understand and manage their thoughts and emotions that can both decrease and prevent the relapse of the symptoms of depression. The aim of this pilot study is to embed one infusion of ketamine in the MBCT treatment. Our hypothesis is that the initial positive effect of ketamine will help patients engage in the behavioral therapy, which itself provides cognitive/emotion control tools to prevent relapses of depression.
Adolescent pre-diabetics will receive 8-12 weekly peer-led diabetes prevention educational workshops in community sites. The in-person group workshops will be supplemented by support through mobile health technologies such as text messaging and social media.
This phase will recruit hospitalized bedridden patients who will be vibrated with the prototype device using various vibration frequencies to determine which frequency produces the optimal physiologic response. Physiologic responses will be determined with a number of devices capable of measuring such things as tissue oxygenation, oxygen consumption, and muscle activity. Blood samples will also be taken to measure certain chemical markers associated with activity and increase blood flow. They may receive multiple 5 minute episodes of various vibration frequencies.
High prevalence of hypertrophic rhinitis makes more topical the problem of search of new, more effective means of treatment this pathology. 37 patients with hypertrophic rhinitis were examined. The clinical examination included the study of complaints and objective visual indicators associated with hypertrophic rhinitis. The olfactory function of the nose and the motor activity of the ciliated epithelium of the nasal mucosa were also studied. It has been established, that treatment intranasal electrophoresis with 5% potassium iodate solution caused attenuation, up to disappearance of the complaint, has a normalizing action on smelling function of nose, motor activity of scintillans epithelial of nasal mucosa and other objective indexes of clinical status. The above shown positive shifts were more positive in mild cases of hypertrophy.
BACKGROUND: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI), the prevalent form of urinary incontinence, significantly impairs women's quality of life. This study aims to create a visual nomogram to estimate the risk of SUI within one year postpartum for early intervention in high-risk Chinese women.
METHODS: We recruited 1,531 postpartum women who gave birth at two hospitals in Kunshan City from 2021 to 2022. Delivery details were meticulously extracted from the hospitals' medical records system, while one-year postpartum follow-ups were conducted via phone surveys specifically designed to ascertain SUI status. Utilizing data from one hospital as the training set, logistic regression analysis was performed to pinpoint significant factors and subsequently construct the nomogram. To ensure robustness, an independent dataset sourced from the second hospital served as the external validation cohort. The model's performance was rigorously evaluated using calibration plots, ROC curves, AUC values, and DCA curves.
RESULTS: The study population was 1,125 women. The SUI incidence within one year postpartum was 26% (293/1125). According to the regression analysis, height, pre-pregnancy BMI, method of induction, mode of delivery, perineal condition, neonatal weight, SUI during pregnancy, and SUI during the first pregnancy were incorporated into the nomogram. The AUC of the nomogram was 0.829 (95% CI 0.790-0.867), and the external validation set was 0.746 (95% CI 0.689-0.804). Subgroup analysis based on parity showed good discrimination. The calibration curve indicated concordance. The DCA curve showed a significant net benefit.
CONCLUSION: Drawing from real-world data, we have successfully developed an SUI predictive model tailored for postpartum Chinese women. Upon successful external validation, this model holds immense potential as an effective screening tool for SUI, enabling timely interventions and ultimately may improve women's quality of life.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an important causative factor of cervical cancer and is associated with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is a rare and highly fatal cutaneous virus that can cause Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). Although coinfection with oncogenic HPV and MCPyV may increase cancer risk, a definitive etiological link has not been established. Recently, genomic variation and genetic diversity in the MCPyV noncoding control region (NCCR) among ethnic groups has been reported. The current study aimed to provide accurate prevalence information on HPV and MCPyV infection/coinfection in NSCLC patients and to evaluate and confirm Korean MCPyV NCCR variant genotypes and sequences. DNA from 150 NSCLC tissues and 150 adjacent control tissues was assessed via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting regions of the large T antigen (LT-ag), viral capsid protein 1 (VP1), and NCCR. MCPyV was detected in 22.7% (34 of 150) of NSCLC tissues and 8.0% (12 of 150) of adjacent tissues from Korean patients. The incidence rates of HPV with and without MCPyV were 26.5% (nine of 34) and 12.9% (15 of 116). The MCPyV NCCR genotype prevalence in Korean patients was 21.3% (32 of 150) for subtype I and 6% (nine of 150) for subtype IIc. Subtype I, a predominant East Asian strain containing 25 bp tandem repeats, was most common in the MCPyV NCCR data set. Our results confirm that coinfection with other tumor-associated viruses is not associated with NSCLC. Although the role of NCCR rearrangements in MCPyV infection remains unknown, future studies are warranted to determine the associations of MCPyV NCCR sequence rearrangements with specific diseases.
Brainstem areas involved in descending pain modulation are crucial for the analgesic actions of opioids. However, the role of opioids in these areas during tolerance, opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH), and in chronic pain settings remains underappreciated. We conducted a revision of the recent studies performed in the main brainstem areas devoted to descending pain modulation with a special focus on the medullary dorsal reticular nucleus (DRt), as a distinctive pain facilitatory area and a key player in the diffuse noxious inhibitory control paradigm. We show that maladaptive processes within the signaling of the µ-opioid receptor (MOR), which entail desensitization and a switch to excitatory signaling, occur in the brainstem, contributing to tolerance and OIH. In the context of chronic pain, the alterations found are complex and depend on the area and model of chronic pain. For example, the downregulation of MOR and δ-opioid receptor (DOR) in some areas, including the DRt, during neuropathic pain likely contributes to the inefficacy of opioids. However, the upregulation of MOR and DOR, at the rostral ventromedial medulla, in inflammatory pain models, suggests therapeutic avenues to explore. Mechanistically, the rationale for the diversity and complexity of alterations in the brainstem is likely provided by the alternative splicing of opioid receptors and the heteromerization of MOR. In conclusion, this review emphasizes how important it is to consider the effects of opioids at these circuits when using opioids for the treatment of chronic pain and for the development of safer and effective opioids.
This is a prospective, single-arm, pilot diagnostic study to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of using dynamic \[18F\]FDG PET in 70 patients with brain metastases managed with stereotactic radiosurgery(SRS)/fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT). The study will include imaging assessments at baseline, at 10 weeks after treatment, and at first concern for progression or 12 months post-treatment, whichever comes earlier.
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) pose significant risks to pediatric patients in outpatient settings. To prevent HAIs, understanding the sources and transmission routes of pathogenic microorganisms is crucial. This study aimed to identify the sources of opportunistic bacterial pathogens (OBPs) in pediatric outpatient settings and determine their transmission routes. Furthermore, assessing the public health risks associated with the core OBPs is important. We collected 310 samples from various sites in pediatric outpatient areas and quantified the bacteria using qPCR and CFU counting. We also performed 16S rRNA gene and single-bacterial whole-genome sequencing to profile the transmission routes and antibiotic resistance characteristics of OBPs. We observed significant variations in microbial diversity and composition among sampling sites in pediatric outpatient settings, with active communication of the microbiota between linked areas. We found that the primary source of OBPs in multi-person contact areas was the hand surface, particularly in pediatric patients. Five core OBPs, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus mitis, and Streptococcus oralis, were mainly derived from pediatric patients and spread into the environment. These OBPs accumulated at multi-person contact sites, resulting in high microbial diversity in these areas. Transmission tests confirmed the challenging spread of these pathogens, with S. epidermidis transferring from the patient's hand to the environment, leading to an increased abundance and emergence of related strains. More importantly, S. epidermidis isolated from pediatric patients carried more antibiotic-resistance genes. In addition, two strains of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii were isolated from both a child and a parent, confirming the transmission of the five core OBPs centered around pediatric patients and multi-person contact areas. Our results demonstrate that pediatric patients serve as a significant source of OBPs in pediatric outpatient settings. OBPs carried by pediatric patients pose a high public health risk. To effectively control HAIs, increasing hand hygiene measures in pediatric patients and enhancing the frequency of disinfection in multi-person contact areas remains crucial. By targeting these preventive measures, the spread of OBPs can be reduced, thereby mitigating the risk of HAIs in pediatric outpatient settings.
Participants will receive Reference product B orally on Days 1 followed by Test product A orally on Day 13. A washout period of at least 7 days will be maintained between each treatment.
The parent-to-child NMT study is a pilot study to test the feasibility of a parent-to-child nasal microbiome transplant. The investigators will test parent-to-neonate nasal microbiome transplantation as an intervention to reduce S. aureus acquisition in neonates. Neonates admitted to the Johns Hopkins Hospital neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) will be screened and parents will be approached for enrollment in the study. After consent and baseline screening of parents and neonates, eligible neonates will undergo a nasal microbiome transplant. This pilot study looks to determine whether transferring a parents healthy, diverse nasal microbiota to the infant(s) will create a healthy, diverse neonatal nasal microbiome. The investigators are planning an upcoming randomized controlled trial of this intervention and hope to establish feasibility during this pilot study.
The effectiveness of glipizide extended-release tablets in type 2 diabetes at doses from 5-60 mg once daily has been evaluated in 4 therapeutic clinical trials each with long-term open extensions involving a total of 598 patients. Once daily administration of 5, 10 and 20 mg produced statistically significant reductions from placebo in hemoglobin A1C, fasting plasma glucose and postprandial glucose in patients with mild to severe type 2 diabetes. In a pooled analysis of the patients treated with 5 mg and 20 mg, the relationship between dose and glipizide extended-release tablet’s effect of reducing hemoglobin A1C was not established. However, in the case of fasting plasma glucose patients treated with 20 mg had a statistically significant reduction of fasting plasma glucose compared to the 5 mg-treated group.

The reductions in hemoglobin A1C and fasting plasma glucose were similar in younger and older patients. Efficacy of glipizide extended-release tablets was not affected by gender, race or weight (as assessed by body mass index). In long term extension trials, efficacy of glipizide extended-release tablets was maintained in 81% of patients for up to 12 months.

In an open, two-way crossover study 132 patients were randomly assigned to either glipizide extended-release tablets or glipizide tablets for 8 weeks and then crossed over to the other drug for an additional 8 weeks. Glipizide extended-release tablets administration resulted in significantly lower fasting plasma glucose levels and equivalent hemoglobin A1C levels, as compared to glipizide tablets.
MYAMBUTOL may produce decreases in visual acuity which appear to be due to optic neuritis. This effect may be related to dose and duration of treatment. This effect is generally reversible when administration of the drug is discontinued promptly. However, irreversible blindness has been reported. (See  PRECAUTIONSand  ADVERSE REACTIONS).

Liver toxicities including fatalities have been reported (See  ADVERSE REACTIONS). Baseline and periodic assessment of hepatic function should be performed.
After diagnosis by rheumatologist, participants will be randomized to receive verum acupuncture or sham acupuncture treatment. In the sham acupuncture group, participants will receive sham acupuncture (Device: Streitberger device) three times a week, for 4 weeks (12 treatment in total).
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Participants will complete Vocal Hygiene and Vocal Education through West Chester University's Desire 2 Learn (D2L) software program. Asynchronous learning opportunities are provided through D2L over a one week period.