anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Postoperative neurocognitive impairments often occur in elderly patients undergoing major surgery, including postoperative delirium(POD) characterized by an acute change in cognition with altered consciousness and impaired attention, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD) mainly manifested as reduced ability of learning and memory. POD and POCD are major complications that cause disability and distress for millions of patients annually.In 2004, there was an estimated 5-40% incidence in 7.9 million patients over 65 years who had a surgical procedure subsequently experiencing either POD or POCD.The underlying pathophysiology of Postoperative neurocognitive impairments is increasingly understood, implicating a prominent role of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.Recent experimental evidences reveal that mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly considered a significant contributor to the development of POD and POCD.

Methylene blue(MB) is a diaminophenothiazine with a long history of clinical use due to its minimal side effect profiles. MB currently is used for treatment of methemoglobinemia, carbon monoxide poisoning, and vasoplegic syndrome as well as for surgical staining. MB could diffuse rapidly into brain and accumulate in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of neurons. In recent years its role as a mitochondrial protective agent has elicited much of its renewed interest, especially, studies have shown that MB has established its neuroprotective effects against ischemic stroke, post-chemotherapy-induced Encephalopathy and neurodegenerative diseases caused by Alzheimer's disease(AD) and psychoses.To date, there is no trials have examined the role of intraoperative MB administration in prevention of POD and POCD in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery, who have preoperative normal neurocognitive function. Therefore, investigators design this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of perioperative administration of MB for POD/POCD prevention. It's an entirely novel therapy for postoperative neurocognitive disorders and will have high clinical translatable value if this intervention is found to be beneficial.
Pemetrexed/cisplatin will be given for up to six 3-week cycles with the addition of concurrent durvalumab every 3 weeks. The first 6 patients who are enrolled and commence treatment will be monitored for safety of the combination. Use of carboplatin in place of cisplatin will be permitted for patients who are ineligible for cisplatin due to impaired renal function at screening. For patients that receive cisplatin, carboplatin may also be substituted after Cycle 1 for cisplatin related toxicity (e.g., grade 3 ototoxicity, grade 3 nausea) at the investigator's discretion. After completion of Cycle 6 of concurrent therapy, patients with stable or responding disease per modified RECIST for malignant mesothelioma will continue on single agent durvalumab every 3 weeks until progression. Maximum duration of durvalumab treatment is 12 months starting from Cycle 1 of concurrent treatment (inclusive of any treatment delays or missed treatments).
PURPOSE:To provide a cold-wave lotion obtained by compounding a specific mixture prepared by hydrolyzing thioglycolic acid and gelatin with a proteinase under neutral condition, and capable of imparting excellent permanent wave effect without causing the damage of the hair and scalp. CONSTITUTION:An aqueous solution containing thioglycolic acid or its salt as a reducing agent is mixed with a mixture of a macropeptide, a polypeptide and an amino acid (at a ratio of preferably 40-45%:10-12%:40-45%) obtained by the hydrolysis of gelatin with a proteinase under neutral condition, and the obtained mixture is adjusted to weakly alkaline state (i.e. 7-9pH) with anhydrous sodium carbonate, etc. Equally exellent effect can be attained by adding the above mixture to either of the first liquid and the second liquid of the cold-wave lotion. Various proteases can be used as the proteinase, and above all a protease 'bioblase' produced by Bacillus subtilis var. biotecus is effective.
The invention is directed to the field of natural medicine, specifically to alkaloid extracts of  Huperzia serrata  (Thunb.) Trev. A  Huperzia serrata  (Thunb.) Trev. composition and the method for preparing it are provided. The  Huperzia serrata  (Thunb.) Trev. composition comprises Huperzine A and Huperzine B, wherein the total content of the said Huperzine A and Huperzine B is 50-99 wt % of total alkaloids and the weight ratio of the said Huperzine A and Huperzine B is 1:0.5-5. The  Huperzia serrata  (Thunb.) Trev. composition of the invention has good therapeutic effect and improved safety.
Objective: To systematically analyze the outcomes of reanimation techniques that have been described for patients undergoing non-fascicle sparing resection of intratemporal facial schwannomas. Methods: A systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines of the PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. Results: Eight hundred forty studies were screened with 22 meeting inclusion criteria comprising 266 patients. Most facial nerve reanimations (81.2%) were performed using an interposition nerve graft. The remaining patients underwent hypoglossal-facial nerve transposition (13.9%), primary anastomosis (3.4%), and free muscle transfer (0.1%). Of the reported interposition grafts, the two most utilized were the great auricular (113/199) and sural (86/199) nerves. Interposition nerve grafts resulted in significantly better outcomes in facial nerve function postoperatively than hypoglossal-facial transposition (3.48 vs. 3.92; p < 0.01). There was no difference between interposition grafts. Conclusion: This study systematically reports that interposition nerve grafts, after resection of intratemporal facial schwannoma, result in superior outcomes than hypoglossal-facial nerve transposition in these patients.
At the beginning of the vascular access procedure, the BHD will be applied 5 cm above the needle insertion site and maintained in place throughout the procedure. It delivers a constant low-frequency vibration as well as tactile feedback from the game (GF).
Anemia, defined as a decreased quantity of circulating functional red blood cells, is a major source of morbidity and mortality affecting a-third of the worldwide population. As a functional component of erythrocytes hemoglobin, iron is essential for oxygen storage and transport. The liver-derived peptide hepcidin is the master regulator of iron homeostasis. During anemia, the erythroid hormone erythroferrone regulates hepcidin synthesis to ensure the proper supply of iron to the bone marrow for red blood cells synthesis. However, mounting evidence suggested that another factor may exert a similar function. Inventors identified the hepatokine FGL1 as a previously undescribed suppressor of hepcidin that is highly induced in the liver in response to hypoxia during the recovery from anemia and in thalassemic mice. Inventors demonstrated that FGL1 is a potent suppressor of hepcidin  in   vitro  and  in vivo . Deletion of Fgl1 in mice results in a blunted repression of hepcidin after bleeding. Finally, FGL1 is a BMP antagonist that directly binds BMP6 to impair the canonical BMP-SMAD signaling cascade that governs hepcidin regulation. Accordingly, the present invention relates to a FGL1 polypeptide for use in the treatment of a patient affected with an iron deficiency-related disease.
Postpartum women 6 months after giving birth recalled. Saliva and GCF samples were collected and clinical periodontal measurements were made.
Doxorubicin (DOX) is restricted due to its severe cardiotoxicity. There is still a lack of viable and effective drugs to prevent or treat DOX-induced cardiotoxicity(DIC). Vericiguat is widely used to treat heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. However, it is not clear whether vericiguat can improve DIC. In the present study, we constructed a DIC model using mice and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and found that vericiguat ameliorated DOX-induced cardiac insufficiency in mice, restored DOX-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, and inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors. Further studies showed that vericiguat improved mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced mtDNA leakage into the cytoplasm by up-regulating PRKG1, which activated PINK1 and then inhibited the STING/IRF3 pathway to alleviate DIC. These findings demonstrate for the first time that vericiguat has therapeutic potential for the treatment of DIC.
BACKGROUND: How often mpox causes asymptomatic infections, particularly among persons who have received the Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vaccine, is unknown.
METHODS: We performed mpox polymerase chain reaction testing on rectal and pharyngeal specimens collected from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients at a sexual health clinic in Seattle, WA, between May 2022 and May 2023. Analyses evaluated the prevalence of asymptomatic or subclinical infection and, among persons with polymerase chain reaction-positive tests, the association of MVA vaccination status with the symptomatic infection.
RESULTS: The study population included 1663 persons tested for mpox during 2353 clinic visits. Ninety-three percent of study participants were cisgender men and 96% were men who have sex with men. A total of 198 symptomatic patients (30%) had a first mpox-positive test during 664 visits. Eighteen patients (1.1%) tested during 1689 visits had asymptomatic or subclinical mpox based on a positive rectal or pharyngeal test done in the absence of testing done because of clinical suspicion for mpox. Fourteen (78%) of 18 persons with asymptomatic/subclinical mpox and 53 (26%) of 198 persons with symptomatic mpox had received at least 1 dose of the MVA vaccine ( P < 0.0001). Controlling for calendar month, study subjects who received 1 and 2 doses of MVA vaccine were 4.4 (95% confidence interval, 1.3-15) and 11.9 (3.6-40) times more likely to have asymptomatic versus symptomatic mpox, respectively, than persons who were unvaccinated.
CONCLUSIONS: Asymptomatic mpox is uncommon. Modified Vaccinia Ankara vaccination is associated with an asymptomatic/subclinical infection among persons with mpox.
Adolescent alcohol use is a leading public health concern worldwide. Clinical trials have tested a variety of psychosocial interventions with youth that yield only modest short-term benefits. One potential way to improve treatments is to augment psychosocial interventions with pharmacotherapy. The National Institutes of Health has mounted a concerted effort to identify medications that reduce drinking for nearly three decades. Although this effort improved treatment for adults, no medication is indicated for adolescent use and randomized controlled trials with teenagers are almost nonexistent. This gap raises key questions about whether and how medications could benefit youth. Optimizing treatment options for youth requires closing this important gap. Lamotrigine is safe with adolescents and does not adversely interact with alcohol. Lamotrigine targets brain mechanisms implicated in alcohol use disorder, and it has shown to help treat adults with alcohol problems. Yet, despite its widespread use with children and adolescents, no published double-blind, placebo-controlled studies have examined the effects of lamotrigine on drinking-related behavior in youth. The purpose of this study is to determine how well teenagers accept lamotrigine plus alcohol education to reduce adolescent alcohol use. This study will also tell us whether teenagers' alcohol use, craving, and enjoyment of drinking are reduced by lamotrigine.
Interventional implantation of the aortic valve (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation; TAVI) is the treatment of choice for patients with symptomatic aortic valve stenosis \>75 years with comorbidities. The reduction in complications and also in mortality after TAVI is due, among other things, to the constant further development of TAVI devices but also to improved implantation technologies. Nevertheless, neurological complications are rare but of relevant impact. These are a.e. due to the passage of the TAVI system into an aorta that is often burdened with atheromatous plaques or the necessity to predilate the calcified aortic valve. Studies using cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) show that the vast majority of patients after TAVI had lesions in the brain that correspond to at least minimal cerebral infarction. Even if these are asymptomatic, various studies have shown that initially asymptomatic infarcts may be associated with an increased incidence of dementia and cognitive impairment, as well as being predictors of later symptomatic infarctions. Changes in hemodynamics after removal of the aortic stenosis could, on the other hand, improve neurocognitive function. Interestingly, the standard methods primarily investigate motor deficits, while neurocognitive function were currently not tested. The influence of a TAVI on the latter functions is therefore unknown. In this study, we aim to differentiate the changes in cognitive functions after a TAVI immediately after the procedure and after 6 months.
CO2 exposure has been used to investigate the panicogenic response in patients with panic disorder. These patients are more sensitive to CO2, and more likely to experience the "false suffocation alarm" which triggers panic attacks. Imbalances in locus coeruleus noradrenergic (LC-NA) neurotransmission are responsible for psychiatric disorders, including panic disorder. These neurons are sensitive to changes in CO2/pH. Therefore, we investigated if LC-NA neurons are differentially activated after severe hypercapnia in mice. Further, we evaluated the participation of LC-NA neurons in ventilatory and panic-like escape responses induced by 20% CO2 in male and female wild type mice and two mouse models of altered LC-NA synthesis. Hypercapnia activates the LC-NA neurons, with males presenting a heightened level of activation. Mutant males lacking or with reduced LC-NA synthesis showed hypoventilation, while animals lacking LC noradrenaline present an increased metabolic rate compared to wild type in normocapnia. When exposed to CO2, males lacking LC noradrenaline showed a lower respiratory frequency compared to control animals. On the other hand, females lacking LC noradrenaline presented a higher tidal volume. Nevertheless, no change in ventilation was observed in either sex. CO2 evoked an active escape response. Mice lacking LC noradrenaline had a blunted jumping response and an increased freezing duration compared to the other groups. They also presented fewer racing episodes compared to wild type animals, but not different from mice with reduced LC noradrenaline. These findings suggest that LC-NA has an important role in ventilatory and panic-like escape responses elicited by CO2 exposure in mice.
BACKGROUND: Trihexyphenidyl and clonazepam are commonly used to treat dystonia in children with cerebral palsy (CP). However, there is a notable gap in the literature when it comes to studies that combine these first-line agents for the management of dystonia.
METHODS: This open-label, randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the efficacy of adding oral clonazepam to trihexyphenidyl (THP + CLZ) versus using trihexyphenidyl alone (THP) in reducing the severity of dystonia, as measured by the Barry-Albright Dystonia (BAD) score. The study was conducted over a 12-week therapy period in children with dystonic CP aged two to 14 years.
RESULTS: Each group enrolled 51 participants. The THP + CLZ group showed significantly better improvement in dystonia severity at 12 weeks compared with the THP group alone (-4.5 ± 2.9 vs -3.4 ± 1.7, P = 0.02). Furthermore, the THP + CLZ group exhibited superior improvement in the severity of choreoathetosis, upper limb function, pain perception by the child, and quality of life, with P values of 0.02, 0.009, 0.01, and 0.01, respectively. The number of participants experiencing treatment-emergent adverse events was comparable in both groups (P = 0.67). Importantly, none of the participants in any of the groups reported any serious adverse events.
CONCLUSION: A combination of oral THP + CLZ proves to be more efficacious than using THP alone for the treatment of dystonic CP in children aged two to 14 years in terms of reducing the severity of dystonia.
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The detection of axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) in patients with breast cancer is a crucial determinant in the decision-making process for axillary surgery and potential therapies. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a radiomics nomogram that integrates radiomics features from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) with clinical factors to predict ALNM in patients with breast cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 177 patients with breast cancer were randomly divided into a training set (n = 123) and a validation set (n = 54) using a 7:3 ratio. From the DCE-MRI images, 2818 radiomics features were extracted from the primary tumor and axillary lymph node (ALN). Subsequently, optimal features were selected through the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm to construct the Radscore. Clinical factors were identified using univariate logistic regression analysis and included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Using the Radscore and clinical factors, a radiomics nomogram was developed using the Support Vector Machine method. The predicting efficacy of our model was visually appraised utilizing a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve, while its clinical application and predictive accuracy were assessed through decision curve analysis (DCA) and calibration curves, respectively.
RESULTS: The results revealed Ki67, multifocality, and MRI-reported ALN status as independent risk factors for ALNM. The radiomics nomogram demonstrated good calibration and discrimination with areas under the ROC curve of 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88-0.97) in the training set and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.72-0.90) in the validation set. DCA revealed the clinical usefulness of the radiomics nomogram.
CONCLUSION: The DCE-MRI-based radiomics nomogram is a reliable tool for assessing ALNM in patients with breast cancer.
Accumulation of senescent cells in organs and tissues is a hallmark of aging and known to contribute to age-related diseases. Although aging-associated immune dysfunction, or immunosenescence, is known to contribute to this process, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report that type 2 cytokine signaling deficiency accelerated aging and, conversely, that the interleukin-4 (IL-4)-STAT6 pathway protected macrophages from senescence. Mechanistically, activated STAT6 promoted the expression of genes involved in DNA repair both via homologous recombination and Fanconi anemia pathways. Conversely, STAT6 deficiency induced release of nuclear DNA into the cytoplasm to promote tissue inflammation and organismal aging. Importantly, we demonstrate that IL-4 treatment prevented macrophage senescence and improved the health span of aged mice to an extent comparable to senolytic treatment, with further additive effects when combined. Together, our findings support that type 2 cytokine signaling protects macrophages from immunosenescence and thus hold therapeutic potential for improving healthy aging.
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly malignant invasive brain tumor, is associated with poor prognosis and survival and lacks an effective cure. High expression of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) immediate early protein 1 (IE1) in GBM tissues is strongly associated with their malignant progression, presenting a novel target for therapeutic strategies. Here, the bioluminescence imaging technology revealed remarkable tumor shrinkage and improved survival rates in a mouse glioma model treated with HCMV IE1/IE1mut vaccine. In addition, immunofluorescence data demonstrated that the treated group exhibited significantly more and larger tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) than the untreated group. The presence of TLS was associated with enhanced T cell infiltration, and a large number of proliferating T cells were found in the treated group. Furthermore, the flow cytometry results showed that in the treatment group, cytotoxic T lymphocytes exhibited partial polarization toward effector memory T cells and were activated to play a lethal role in the peripheral immunological organs. Furthermore, a substantial proportion of B cells in the draining lymph nodes expressed CD40 and CD86. Surprisingly, quantitative polymerase chain reaction indicated that a high expression of cytokines, including chemokines in brain tumors and immune tissues, induced the differentiation, development, and chemokine migration of immune cells in the treated group. Our study data demonstrate that IE1 or IE1mut vaccination has a favorable effect in glioma mice models. This study holds substantial implications for identifying new and effective therapeutic targets within GBM.
Centromeric nucleosomes are determined by the replacement of the canonical histone H3 with the centromere-specific histone H3 (CENH3) variant. Little is known about the centromere organization in allopolyploid species where different subgenome-specific CENH3s and subgenome-specific centromeric sequences coexist. Here, we analyzed the transcription and centromeric localization of subgenome-specific CENH3 variants in the allopolyploid species Arabidopsis suecica. Synthetic A. thaliana x A. arenosa hybrids were generated and analyzed to mimic the early evolution of A. suecica. Our expression analyses indicated that CENH3 has generally higher expression levels in A. arenosa compared to A. thaliana, and this pattern persists in the hybrids. We also demonstrated that despite a different centromere DNA composition, the centromeres of both subgenomes incorporate CENH3 encoded by both subgenomes, but with a positive bias towards the A. arenosa-type CENH3. The intermingled arrangement of both CENH3 variants demonstrates centromere plasticity and may be an evolutionary adaption to handle more than one CENH3 variant in the process of allopolyploidization.
FIELD: medicine, polymers. SUBSTANCE: gel has acrylamide-base polymer obtained by using radical polymerization initiating agent in apyrogenic water as dispersion medium. Gel has also cross-linked polyacrylamide obtained by using biocompatible cross-linking agent, mainly methylene-bis-acrylamide, and, preferably, using a mixture of ammonium persulfate and tetramethylethylenediamine as polymerization initiating agent. Preferable concentration of the indicated polymer in hydrogel - from 3.5 to 9%, by mass. Gel can be used for correction of cosmetic or functional damages by organ endoprosthesis, for intratissue drug depot making, as conducting immersion media, etc. EFFECT: enhanced elasticity, stability, curative and cosmetic effectiveness. 5 cl
The invention relates to a biological enzyme sunscreen composition, and belongs to a skin-care product for protecting human skin from ultraviolet. The biological enzyme sunscreen composition consists of thermophilic thermus strain biological enzyme and sunscreen matrix, wherein the thermophilic thermus strain biological enzyme accounts for 0. 1 to 10 weight percent, and the sunscreen matrix accounts for 90 to 99.9 weight percent. Purity of active substances of the thermophilic thermus strain biological enzyme is 45 to 50 percent. The thermophilic thermus strain biological enzyme can provide UVA protection, and can automatically adjust protection strength along with strength of sunshine or change of environmental temperature. When radiation of the sunshine is enhanced or the environmental temperature is raised, the heat on the surface of skin is increased, then the thermophilic thermus strain biological enzyme is heated and activated, and the protection capability of the thermophilic thermus strain biological enzyme is enhanced, conversely weakened. Therefore, the biological enzyme sunscreen composition achieves the aim of effectively preventing sun.