anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: A detailed understanding of the genetic basis of cancer is of great interest to public health monitoring programs. Although many studies have been conducted in Brazil, a global view on the molecular profile related to hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) in this large and heterogeneous population is lacking.
METHODS: A systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines was conducted in three electronic databases (PubMed, BIREME and SciELO). Brazilian studies covering molecular analysis of genes related to HBOC, published until December 2023, were considered.
RESULTS: We identified 35 original studies that met all the inclusion criteria. A total of 137 distinct mutations were found in the BRCA1 gene, but four of them corresponded to 44.5% of all mutations found in this gene. The c.5266dupC BRCA1 mutation was responsible for 26.8% of all pathogenic mutations found in the BRCA1 gene in patients with clinical criteria for HBOC from the Brazilian population. Considering all studies that track this mutation in the BRCA1 gene, we found a frequency of 2% (120/6008) for this mutation in Brazilian patients. In the BRCA2 gene, the four most frequent mutations corresponded to 29.2% of pathogenic mutations. Even though it was tracked by few studies, the c.156_157insAlu mutation was responsible for 9.6% of all pathogenic mutations reported in the BRCA2 gene. Seventeen studies found pathogenic mutations in other non-BRCA genes, the c.1010G > A mutation in the TP53 gene being the most frequent one. Considering all studies that screened for this specific mutation in patients with the clinical criteria for HBOC, the frequency of c.1010G > A was estimated at 1.83% (61/3336).
CONCLUSIONS: Despite significant molecular heterogeneity among mutations in HBOC patients from Brazil, three mutations deserve to be highlighted, c.5266dupC, c.156_157insAlu and c.1010G > A in the BRCA1, BRCA2 and TP53 genes, respectively. With more than 200 records, these three mutations play a vital role in the pathology of breast and ovarian cancer in Brazil. The data collected shed light on the subject, but there is still not enough data from certain subpopulations.
All patients get to wear the pump. only 1 arm. There is no comparator in this study, as all patients wear the pump.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

In the placebo-controlled trial (Trial 1), 202 patients with bacterial vaginosis were treated with a single dose of XACIATO, and 103 patients were treated with a single dose of placebo gel. The median age of the patients in the trial was 35 years (range 15-59 years). The population was 56% Black or African American and 41% White. Persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity made up 25% of the population. A history of prior bacterial vaginosis was noted in 89% of the population.

Most Common Adverse Reactions

Adverse reactions were reported by 76/202 (38%) of patients who received XACIATO and 28/103 (27%) of patients who received placebo in Trial 1. Table 1 displays the most common adverse reactions (occurring in >2% of patients and at a higher rate in the XACIATO group than in the placebo group) in Trial 1.
Mifepristone was evaluated for carcinogenicity potential in rats and mice. Rats were dosed for up to two years at doses of 5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, and 125 mg/kg of mifepristone. The high dose was the maximum tolerated dose, but exposure at all doses was below exposure at the maximum clinical dose based on AUC comparison. Female rats had a statistically significant increase in follicular cell adenomas/carcinomas and liver adenomas. It is plausible that these tumors are due to drug-induced enzyme metabolism, a mechanism not considered clinically relevant, but studies confirming this mechanism were not conducted with mifepristone. Mice were also tested for up to 2 years at mifepristone doses up to the maximum tolerated dose of 125 mg/kg, which provided exposure below the maximum clinical dose based on AUC. No drug-related tumors were seen in mice.

Mifepristone was not genotoxic in a battery of bacterial, yeast, and mammalian in vitro assays, and an in vivo micronucleus study in mice.

The pharmacological activity of mifepristone disrupts the estrus cycle of adult rats at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg (less than human exposure at the maximum clinical dose, based on body surface area). However, following withdrawal of treatment and subsequent resumption of the estrus cycle, there was no effect on reproductive function when mated.

A single subcutaneous dose of mifepristone (up to 100 mg/kg) to rats on the first day after birth did not adversely affect future reproductive function in males or females, although the onset of puberty was slightly premature in dosed females. Repeated doses of mifepristone (1 mg every other day) to neonatal rats resulted in potentially adverse fertility effects, including oviduct and ovary malformations in females, delayed male puberty, deficient male sexual behavior, reduced testicular size, and lowered ejaculation frequency.
Reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is a pathological link between obesity and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Obesity-associated metabolic and mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction are key drivers of AD pathology. The hypothalamus is a critical brain region during the development of obesity and dysfunction is an area implicated in the development of AD. NO is an essential mediator of blood flow and mitochondrial bioenergetic function, but the role of NO in obesity-AD is not entirely clear. We investigated diet-induced obesity in female APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP) mouse model of AD, which we treated with two different NO donors (sodium nitrite or L-citrulline). After 26 weeks of a high-fat diet, female APP mice had higher adiposity, insulin resistance, and mitochondrial dysfunction (hypothalamus) than non-transgenic littermate (wild type) controls. Treatment with either sodium nitrite or L-citrulline did not reduce adiposity but improved whole-body energy expenditure, substrate oxidation, and insulin sensitivity. Notably, both NO donors restored hypothalamic mitochondrial respiration in APP mice. Our findings suggest that NO is an essential mediator of whole-body metabolism and hypothalamic mitochondrial function, which are severely impacted by the dual insults of obesity and AD pathology.
The present invention particularly relates to a compound preparation for treating liver fibrosis, and a preparing method thereof, which belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine. In the present invention, the compound preparation for treating liver fibrosis is made by that epimedium, turtle shell, prepared astragalua root, wolfberry fruit, red sage root, radix curcumae and flavescent sophora root are used as main medicines, and the main medicines are combined with supplementary material. Experiments in vitro and animal experiments indicate that the compound preparation for treating liver fibrosis has the functions of liver cell collagen synthesis inhibition, liver cell proliferation promotion and HSC proliferation inhibition, and has obvious effect on the improvement of mouse hepatic fibrosis. Clinical practices verify that the compound preparation for treating liver fibrosis has preferable effect on the improvement of the clinical symptoms, the physical signs, the blood serum biochemical indexes and the hepatic pathological changes of patients with hepatic fibrosis, wherein the improvement rates of liver function indexes and hepatic fibrosis indexes reach 60 to 75%. The preparation has the advantages of convenient administration and no toxic or side effect after long-term administration. The preparing method of the present invention can efficiently reserve effective constituents in the medicine, can simplify the preparation of traditional Chinese medicine preparations, can protect environment, and can be conveniently operated during mass production.
Currently, basic training programs do not adequately teach nursing home (NH) staff to handle behavioral symptoms at mealtime that typically accompany dementia. When persons with dementia (PWD) exhibit mealtime symptoms (e.g. turning away of the head, pushing food away), these symptoms may be interpreted as lack of interest in eating, and feeding attempts ceased. This misinterpretation poses serious health risks to PWD including under-nutrition and increased risk for more aggressive medical treatment (e.g. feeding tube). The Aims of this study are to: 1) Identify the adaptive leadership challenges of NH staff for alleviating mealtime symptoms for PWD; 2) Determine NH staff evaluation of a dementia feeding skills training program that combines adaptive leadership approaches with technical approaches to mealtime symptoms; and 3) Conduct a 12-week feasibility study implementing this dementia feeding skills training program with NH staff, linking training to resident outcomes. Focus groups will be conducted in four NHs during which NH staff will describe adaptive challenges around: mealtime symptom recognition, communication patterns, typical responses to mealtime symptoms, and feelings when interventions are met with success or failure. Focus group interviews will be transcribed and content analysis conducted. Findings from the focus group interviews will be used to revise a dementia feeding skills program. The revised training program will be evaluated by NH staff to determine how NH staff perceives the coaching intervention, and if case scenarios are realistic and compatible with current workplace practices. The training program will be implemented in two skilled NHs over a five week period. NH staff outcomes include mealtime knowledge and self-efficacy. Through meal observations, NH staff will be assessed for time spent assisting with feeding and feeding skill behaviors; and PWD outcomes assessed by quantifying meal intake and aversive feeding behaviors. Findings from this study will describe adaptive leadership challenges for NH staff, revise and implement a training program teaching NH staff adaptive and technical interventions for alleviating mealtime symptoms for PWD in the NH setting.
BACKGROUND: Reindeer herding in Norway is based on traditional Sámi pastoralism with the animals free ranging throughout the year. The animals move over large areas in varying terrain and often in challenging weather conditions. Winter crises, such as difficult grazing conditions caused by icing or large amounts of snow, are survival bottlenecks for reindeer. Calves are especially vulnerable, and many may die from starvation during winter crises. Predation and starvation are the predominant narratives to explain losses, however, carcasses are difficult to find and often little remains after scavenging and decay. Documentation of the causes of death is therefore scarce.
RESULTS: In this study, we investigated the cause of reindeer mortality in Troms and Finnmark, Nordland and Trøndelag during 2017-2019. Necropsies (n = 125) and organ investigation (n = 13) were performed to document cause of death. Body condition was evaluated using visual fat score and bone marrow fat index. A wide range of causes of death was detected. The diagnoses were categorized into the following main categories: predation (n = 40), emaciation (n = 35), infectious disease (n = 20), trauma (n = 11), feeding related disease (n = 5), neoplasia (n = 4), others (n = 6) and unknown (n = 17). Co-morbidities were seen in a number of diagnoses (n = 16). Reindeer herders are entitled to economic compensation for reindeer killed by endangered predators, but a lack of documentation leads to a gap between the amount of compensation requested and what is awarded. An important finding of our study was that predators, during winter, killed animals in good as well as poor body condition. Emaciation was also shown to be associated with infectious diseases, and not only attributable to winter grazing conditions.
CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the importance of examining dead reindeer to gain knowledge about why they die on winter pasture. The work presented herein also shows the feasibility and value of increased documentation of reindeer losses during winter.
Caffeine citrate at 10 mg/kg/dose (5 mg/kg caffeine base) daily, in hospital. Infants will continue at home on the same dose of caffeine citrate for the first 28 days after hospital discharge.
Background / Objectives: The optimal dose of corticosteroid to be used in intraarticular injection is not well established. The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness and tolerance in the medium-term between small and large dose of triamcinolone hexacetonide (TH) used in intraarticular injection (IAI) of medium size joint of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Materials/Methods: A controlled, randomized, prospective, double-blind study will be realized in patients with RA. It will be evaluated 60 wrists joints (representing medium size joints) from the outpatient clinics at the Rheumatology Division UNIFESP, Brazil. Inclusion criteria were: patients with established RA, age between 18 and 65 years, disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) stable for at least 3 months, synovitis in wrist with pain visual analogic scale (VAS) between 4 and 8cm. Patients with overlap syndromes, polyarticular synovitis, diabetes mellitus or uncontrolled hypertension and those with suspected local or systemic infection were excluded. Patients will be randomized (Clapboard randomization) in two groups of 30 patients each: group 1 (high dose) is injected with 40mg (2ml) of TH and group 2 (small dose) was injected 20mg (1ml). Only one joint is injected by patient (IAI blindly). Evaluation will be conducted by a blinded observer at five times: baseline (T0), one week (T1), four (T4), eight (T8) and twelve (T12) weeks and the following assessment instruments were used: visual analogue scale for pain and swollen (VAS 0-10cm); wrist goniometry; chronic disease activity index (CDAI). Side effects and related events were reported in a medical questionnaire. The level of statistical significance was 5%.
BACKGROUND: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are the leading cause of pain and disability among frequently occurring facial pain and the second leading cause of musculoskeletal conditions.
AIM: We examined whether acupuncture could alleviate pain intensity in patients with TMD.
DESIGN AND METHODS: Sixty participants with TMD were randomly assigned (ratio 1:1) to receive three acupuncture or sham acupuncture sessions weekly for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was the change in the mean weekly pain intensity from baseline to week 4. Secondary and exploratory outcomes included proportion of participants with ≥30% or ≥50% reduction in pain intensity, change in jaw opening and movement, graded chronic pain scale, jaw functional limitations scale-20-item, depression, anxiety and stress scales-21, Pittsburgh sleep quality index at week 4 and 8, and the pressure pain threshold and surface electromyography at week 4.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The acupuncture group showed significantly reduced pain intensity compared to the sham group at week 4 (-1.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -2.32 to -0.65; P < 0.001) and week 8 (-1.23, 95% CI: -2.11 to -0.54; P = 0.001). Acupuncture's effectiveness surpassed sham's at 4 weeks and lasted 8 weeks. Participants in the acupuncture group experienced significantly greater improvements in the 30% and 50% response rate, jaw opening and movement, GCPS, JFLS-20, DASS-21 and PSQI than those in the sham acupuncture group. There were no significant between-group differences in PPT and sEMG. In summary, acupuncture provided marked pain relief and improvement in physical and emotional function for patients with TMD compared with sham acupuncture.
Intestinal low-grade inflammation induced by a high-fat diet has been found to detonate chronic systemic inflammation, which is a hallmark of obesity, and precede the apparition of insulin resistance, a key factor for developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Aberrant purinergic signaling pathways have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease and other gastrointestinal diseases. However, their role in the gut inflammation associated with obesity and T2D remains unexplored. C57BL/6 J mice were fed a cafeteria diet for 21 weeks and received one injection of streptozotocin in their sixth week into the diet. The gene expression profile of purinergic signaling components in colon tissue was assessed by RT-qPCR. Compared to control mice, the treated group had a significant reduction in colonic length and mucosal and muscular layer thickness accompanied by increased NF-κB and IL-1β mRNA expression. Furthermore, colonic P2X2, P2X7, and A3R gene expression levels were lower, while the P2Y2, NT5E, and ADA expression levels increased. In conclusion, these data suggest that these purinergic signaling components possibly play a role in intestinal low-grade inflammation associated with obesity and T2D and thus could represent a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of the metabolic complications related to these diseases.
Participants must be healthy volunteers who accept all provisions of the study and agree to complete the program in its entirety. Participants should have their own bat and relative experience of at least 2 years of hitting a baseball. Ages accepted will be 16-40.
Patient between 12 and 18 years old with a spinal surgery for idiopathic scoliosis programmed. Immediately postoperatively, during his stay in a PACU or ICU, the patient will be offered a physiotherapy session including a lifting phase in a bipedal standing position.
The OMT-group will get an osteopathic treatment once a week for 1 hour for 5 weeks. The blood will be screened again after the treatment.
To evaluate the value of suspension and suturing technique in the prevention of anastomotic leakage of rectal cancer following double stapling technique. We performed a cohort study between August 2018 and December 2021 and analyzed the patients with rectal cancer underwent radical resection and double stapling technique at the department of general surgery. 324 patients were recruited in this research. There were 124 patients in control group and 200 patients in study group. There was a total of 19 patients present with anastomotic leakage. The incidence of anastomotic leakage was 5.8%. 12 patients were in control group and 7 in study group. The incidence of anastomotic leakage in control group was 9.7%. while the incidence of anastomotic leakage in study group was 3.5%, which was significantly lower than that in control group (p = 0.021). There were 4 patients present with anastomotic bleeding in control group (3.2%) while there were 6 cases with anastomotic bleeding in study group (3%) with no statistical differences. The average operation time of patients with anastomotic leakage was longer than that of patients without anastomotic leakage (p = 0.048). The intraoperative blood loss of patients with anastomotic leakage was more (p = 0.003) and the proportion of diabetes in anastomotic leakage group was larger (p = 0.003). Suspension and suturing technique could reduce the incidence of anastomotic leakage of patients with rectal cancer underwent double stapling technique. It is safe, simple, and easy to perform. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and diabetes may be high-risk factors of anastomotic leakage.
The control group consists of 13 age- and gender-matched subjects who underwent CI surgery but showed no complications. The members of the control group were selected based on hospital records.
Severe leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemias including macrocytic anemia, and/or pancytopenia may occur in patients being treated with IMURAN. Severe bone marrow suppression may also occur. Patients with intermediate thiopurine S-methyl transferase (TPMT) activity may be at an increased risk of myelotoxicity if receiving conventional doses of IMURAN. Patients with low or absent TPMT activity are at an increased risk of developing severe, life-threatening myelotoxicity if receiving conventional doses of IMURAN. TPMT genotyping or phenotyping can help identify patients who are at an increased risk for developing IMURAN toxicity.2-9 (See PRECAUTIONS: Laboratory Tests). Hematologic toxicities are dose-related and may be more severe in renal transplant patients whose homograft is undergoing rejection. It is suggested that patients on IMURAN have complete blood counts, including platelet counts, weekly during the first month, twice monthly for the second and third months of treatment, then monthly or more frequently if dosage alterations or other therapy changes are necessary. Delayed hematologic suppression may occur. Prompt reduction in dosage or temporary withdrawal of the drug may be necessary if there is a rapid fall in or persistently low leukocyte count, or other evidence of bone marrow depression. Leukopenia does not correlate with therapeutic effect; therefore the dose should not be increased intentionally to lower the white blood cell count.
The invention belongs to the technical field of prevention and control of animal infectious diseases, and particularly relates to a mycoplasma bovis protein gene MbovGdpP and application thereof. Mbov _0276 was obtained by artificial synthesis from the Mycoplasma bovis HB0801 genomic sequence. The Mbov _0276 gene was modified for codon preference in E.coli: and (3) mutating the tryptophan codon UGA of the mycoplasma bovis into the codon UGG for coding tryptophan in the escherichia coli to obtain the escherichia coli recombinant protein rMbovGdpP. The nucleotide sequence of the Mbov _0276 gene is shown in SEQ ID NO. 1, and the sequence of the encoded protein is shown in SEQ ID NO. 2. Mutant T6.290 exhibited a growth-deficient phenotype, exhibited a microcolony morphology on PPLO media, and exhibited reduced EBL cell adhesion and increased sensitivity to salt ions. The mutant strain is expected to be applied to mycoplasma bovis pathogeny mechanism and preparation of immune control drugs.
Neuroinflammation is being increasingly recognized as a vital factor in the development of various neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), an outer membrane component of gram-negative bacteria, can trigger innate immune responses, resulting in neuroinflammation and subsequent cognitive deficits. The expression of glutamate receptors (GluRs) on glial cells can induce glial activation. Therefore, we hypothesized that repeated LPS exposure can increase GluR levels, promoting microglial activation and ultimately affecting synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. In this study, C57/BL6 mice were repeatedly exposed to LPS to construct a neuroinflammation animal model. The levels of GluRs, inflammatory cytokines, ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1, postsynaptic density protein 95, synaptophysin 38, NMDA receptor 2 A, and NMDA receptor 2B (GluN2B) were measured in the hippocampi. Furthermore, dendritic spine density in the CA1 hippocampal region was determined. Repeated LPS exposure induced cognitive impairments and microglial activation and increased GluR1 and GluR2 levels. This was accompanied by a significant decrease in GluN2B expression and dendritic spine density in the hippocampi. However, CFM-2, an α-amino-3- hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate receptor antagonist, reversed these anomalies. Furthermore, minocycline, a microglial inhibitor, reversed these anomalies and downregulated GluR2 but not GluR1 expression. In summary, we demonstrated that GluR2 plays an essential role in microglia-induced neuroinflammation, resulting in synaptic plasticity and cognitive impairment induced by repeated exposure to LPS.