anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to method and system for diagnostic analyzing. Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a diagnostic analyzing system. The diagnostic analyzing system comprises one or more analyzer instruments and a monitoring system, e.g. a quality control monitoring system. The one or more analyzer instruments designed for providing an analytical testing result, which is to be validated by the monitoring system using a validation algorithm. Moreover, the monitoring system may re-train the validation algorithm when a difference level between a live data set and a first training data set is greater than a threshold. Through the solution, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the validation algorithm.
Ritalin LA was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group clinical study in which 134 children, ages 6 to 12 years, with DSM-IV diagnoses of ADHD received a single morning dose of Ritalin LA in the range of 10 to 40 mg/day, or placebo, for up to 2 weeks. The doses used were the optimal doses established in a previous individual dose titration phase. In that titration phase, 53 of 164 patients (32%) started on a daily dose of 10 mg and 111 of 164 patients (68%) started on a daily dose of 20 mg or higher. The patient’s regular schoolteacher completed the Conners ADHD/DSM-IV Scale for Teachers (CADS-T) at baseline and the end of each week. The CADS-T assesses symptoms of hyperactivity and inattention. The change from baseline of the (CADS-T) scores during the last week of treatment was analyzed as the primary efficacy parameter. Patients treated with Ritalin LA showed a statistically significant improvement in symptom scores from baseline [Mean (final score - baseline) = -10.7 points] over patients who received placebo [Mean (final score - baseline) = +2.8 points]. The lower the final score on the CADS-T scale from baseline, the less severe the disease is. This demonstrates that a single morning dose of Ritalin LA exerts a treatment effect in ADHD.

Figure 2: CADS-T Total Subscale - Mean Change from Baseline*
Type 2 diabetes is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Although the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) follow-up data suggested reduced macrovascular complications with tight glycaemic control, recent studies in people with type 2 diabetes failed to replicate these findings. Furthermore, all-cause mortality was found to be increased with strict glycaemic control in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study. The cause of the increased deaths remains unclear.

Strict glycaemic control is associated with increased risk of hypoglycaemia. Although, hypoglycaemia has traditionally been considered a complication of the treatment for type 1 diabetes, it has recently been recognised as a problem in people with type 2 diabetes particularly those on insulin therapy. In the ACCORD study, the risk of death was significantly increased in those with one or more episode of severe hypoglycaemia in both the strict and standard study treatment arms. As plasma glucose falls to below 4.0 mmol/L, a series of defence mechanisms occur, at an individualised glycaemic thresholds, to reverse hypoglycaemia including a rise in catecholamine levels. This may lead to hypokalaemia, prolonged QT interval, and cardiac arrhythmias. It may also lead to impaired cardiovascular autonomic function for up to 16 hours afterwards; increased inflammatory markers; platelet activation and promote vascular damage. As the majority of studies assessing the effects of hypoglycaemia on cardiovascular risk markers are conducted in people with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls, their findings may not necessarily be applicable to people with type 2 diabetes. In particular, the effects of hypoglycaemia on platelet function and thrombotic risk in people with type 2 diabetes require further clarification. In this study, we hypothesised that acute hypoglycaemia will result in platelet activation in people with type 2 diabetes to a higher degree than controls.
Placebo will be ingested in front of laboratory personnel in two doses, separated by 30 minutes to increase absorption, consumed 90 and 60 minutes before the testing protocol. Placebo microcrystalline cellulose capsules will be of similar taste, color and appearance.
The invention provides a folic acid composition lyophilized tablet and a preparation method thereof and relates to the technical fields of medicines and medicine production. The folic acid composition lyophilized tablet comprises folic acid, starch and cane sugar. By taking starch and cane sugar as auxiliary materials, heating process is carried out on common corn starch, so that the bonding and disintegrating effects of starch in the tablet can be improved and the formability of the tablet is improved. The folic acid composition lyophilized tablet just needs two auxiliary materials: starch and cane sugar. According to the folic acid composition lyophilized tablet, by adopting a lyophilizing process of increasing and decreasing the temperature twice, the formability of the tablet is good due to temperature increase and decrease twice, so that the dissolution rate of the table is improved, thereby improving the bioavailability of the tablet. The tablet is used for overcoming the defects of the common folic acid tablet and reducing the types and use level of auxiliary materials in the folic acid tablet, is good in dissolution rate and high in bioavailability and can be used for ensuring the curative effect and safety of clinical medication.
The process described in the parent Specification for preparing the thyreotropic and gonadotropic hormones of the anterior hypophysis is modified by using strongly acid substances, such as picric, sulphosalicylic, trichloracetic or picrolonic acids, to precipitate the thyreotropic hormone, dissolving the precipitate in ammonia or alkali hydroxide, and reprecipitating the hormone by the addition of a large quantity of acetone or of a mixture of alcohol with ether or other lipoid solvent.  The mother liquors from the first precipitation may be concentrated in vacuo, the precipitating acid removed in any known manner, and the gonadotropic hormone recovered by salting out. According to one example fresh ground anterior lobes of hypophysis are shaken with kieselguhr in dilute sodium bicarbonate solution, the mixture is filtered and aqueous picric acid solution is added to the filtrate.  The precipitate is suspended in water, dissolved by the addition of ammonia, and the hormone precipitated by the addition of acetone.  Extracts or press juices of fresh hypophyses, or dry powdered fat-free hypophysis may be used as starting material.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 refers also to the use, as precipitants, of heavy metal salts, such as lead acetate, silver nitrate or mercuric chloride, or of colloids, such as ferric hydroxide, alumina, or aluminium hydroxide produced by exposing aluminium amalgam to moist air.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
A therapeutic fat product suitable for oral or intravenous use comprises a metabolizable, non-toxic, fixed oil with or without a sugar emulsified in an aqueous vehicle with a minor proportion of an ethylene oxide-polypropylene glycol condensation product.  Oils specified are naturally occurring animal and vegetable oils as well as synthetic glyceride oils such as olive, peanut, coconut, sesame, cotton seed and corn oils.  Suitable sugars are monosaccharides such as glucose and fructose and disaccharides such as sucrose and maltose.  The emulsifier is a compound of formula HO(C2H4O)a(C3H6O)b (C2H4O)cH where a, b and c are positive integers.  Preferably the hydrophobic polypropylene oxide portion has a molecular weight of about 1500 to about 1800 (i.e. b equals between about 25 and about 32) and the molecule contains between about 80 and about 90 per cent of ethylene oxide (a+c equals between about 136 and about 368). Soybean phosphatides (lecithin) may also be added to improve the suspension and stability characteristics.  Additional ingredients include edible antioxidants such as tert.-butyl-4-hydroxy anisole, propylgallate and citric acid, and preservatives.  In an example an emulsion for oral use is prepared by dissolving dextrose, lecithin, sodium benzoate, disodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetate and the ethylene oxide-polypropylene glycol condensate in deionized water heated to 95 DEG  C.  Tertiary butyl-4-hydroxy anisole is dissolved in a mixture of peanut and coconut oils and the two solutions mixed and homogenized.  U.S.A. Specification 2,646,354 is referred to.
There is scarce research focusing on the relationship between the low-carbohydrate dietary score and the development of a metabolically unhealthy phenotype. Therefore, this cohort study was designed to assess the association between the low-carbohydrate dietary score and the risk of metabolically unhealthy phenotypes (MUP). This study included 1299 adults with healthy metabolic profiles who were followed for 5.9 years. Results indicated an inverse association between the second tertile of the low-carbohydrate dietary score and the risk of developing metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) (HR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.59-0.98). In addition, we found an inverse association between the healthy low-carbohydrate dietary score and the risk of MUO (HR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.60-0.99). Our results revealed a nonlinear inverse association between the low-carbohydrate dietary score and the risk of MUP only in subjects with overweight or obesity. This relationship was independent of animal protein and fat intake. Also, we found that a lower intake of unhealthy carbohydrates was associated with a lower risk of MUP only in subjects with overweight or obesity.
Participants will engage in a physiotherapist-prescribed home exercise program with ABLE, the interactive technology. The exercises that will be prescribed are designed to improve functional mobility via challenging lower extremity strength and balance in a multicomponent exercise program. The difficulty of each exercise will be chosen at the discretion of the physiotherapist based on the participants' performance on the baseline assessments. The exercises will be prescribed at a moderate intensity (moderate balance challenge, 8-12 repetitions for strength exercises with the last few repetitions being challenging) and will be progressed over the study duration to ensure they remain a moderate challenge.
The patient's response is based on the size of: erythema (degree of redness) and/or size of wheal (smooth, slightly elevated area) which appear after 10 minutes.

For intradermal skin testing, histamine base 0.1 mg/mL (Histamine Phosphate 0.275 mg/mL) or 0.01 mg/mL should be used to give a positive reaction. The available 0.1 mg/mL concentration must be diluted ten-fold to achieve this dose. All positive reactions should be interpreted against an appropriate negative control. In two successive years of testing, the Committee on Standardization of the American College of Allergy reported positive reactions at histamine base doses of 0.01 mg/mL and higher. Mean sum of wheal diameters was approximately 14 mm ± 4.8 mm and sum of erythema diameter was approximately 52 mm ± 21.6 mm following 0.01 mL intradermal doses of 0.01 mg/mL histamine base. When 0.01 mL of 0.1 mg/mL histamine base was injected, the sum of cross-diameters of wheal ranged from 15-20 mm and the sum of cross-diameters of erythema ranged from 60-80 mm.8
INTRODUCTION: Autoimmune hepatitis is an immune-mediated liver disease that results in hepatic inflammation and subsequent fibrosis. We aimed to assess the natural history of autoimmune hepatitis in patients who had cirrhosis at the time of diagnosis.
METHODS: We examined consecutive patients with autoimmune hepatitis (based on the revised International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group criteria) and cirrhosis who had long-term follow-up between 2012 and 2018. Complete clinical data, including longitudinal data, was obtained for each patient to determine clinical and biochemical outcomes. Decompensating events were defined as complications of portal hypertension.
RESULTS: Thirty-four patients presenting with autoimmune hepatitis induced cirrhosis (age 50, 17-81; 71% women) were followed for an average of 8 years post-diagnosis. Fourteen (41%) patients had a decompensating event at diagnosis. All patients were begun on treatment; index decompensating events resolved in all patients. Twenty-six (76%) patients had normalization of transaminases; in this group, 4 (15%) patients developed one or more new decompensating events and 1 patient (4%) died. Of the 8 (24%) patients who did not have transaminase normalization, 6 (75%) developed one or more new decompensating events and 5 (62%) died or underwent liver transplant. There was a significant association between achieving normalization of transaminases and protection from developing a decompensating event ( P  = 0.003) and liver transplant or death ( P  = 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Most patients with autoimmune hepatitis with cirrhosis at presentation achieved normalization of transaminases with treatment and rarely developed further decompensating events. We speculate that some of these patients had stabilization or reversal of portal hypertension.
Use of peptide fragments (I) based on the  alpha 1-subunit of mammalian calcium channels (CC) to screen for agents (A) that modulate numbers and/or inactivation of CC, is new.  Use of peptide fragments (I) to screen for agents (A) that  (i) restore to normal the number of calcium channels (CC) in a cell membrane (CM) where this is abnormally reduced or increased;  (ii) increase the number of CC in CM;  (iii) reduce the number of CC in CM and/or  (iv) regulate the inactivated state of neuronal CC implicated in release of neurotransmitters.  (I) (i) corresponds to loops I-II and/or III-IV of the  alpha -subunit, or their derivatives formed particularly by substitution, deletion and/or addition of at least one amino acid (aa), or their derivatives, especially with a peptide component of at least 5 aa, where those derived from the I-II loop bind to the  beta -subunit or III-IV loop and those derived from the III-IV loop bind to the I-II loop. Alternatively (I) (i) corresponds to mutant forms with one or more aa changes where the mutations involve aa essential for expression of CC at the surface of the membrane. (I) may be replaced by cells transformed by nucleic acid that encodes these peptides.  Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) screening (M1) using (I); and  (2) mutant forms of the I-II loop of the human or rabbit calcium channel (Cav2.1)  alpha 1-subunit.
The invention discloses a pantoprazole sodium compound, which is crystal. In X-ray powder diffraction pattern obtained through Cu-Kalpha ray measurement, the characteristic peaks of the pantoprazole sodium compound are shown in positions where 2theta is 12.5, 12.6, 13.2, 16.2 and 17.3. The pantoprazole sodium compound can be used together with multiple freeze-drying supporting agents, the prepared freeze-dried powder injection has the advantages of good redissolution, good transparency after redissolution, low impurity content and the like; and moreover, the use amount of the freeze-drying supporting agent is lower, thus saving the pharmaceutical cost and improving the stability of a drug preparation. The invention also discloses a pharmaceutical composition. The pharmaceutical composition comprises a pharmaceutical active ingredient and pharmaceutical auxiliary materials, wherein the pharmaceutical active ingredient is the pantoprazole sodium compound. The stability of the pharmaceutical composition is obviously superior to that of commercial products, and especially, the stability duration of the pharmaceutical composition after being matched with common infusion fluid is prolonged, thus facilitating the clinical application.
Placebo capsules: one capsule taken 3 times per day with water. Subjects are to drink 6 to 8 glasses of water daily.
BACKGROUND: Medication-related problem is a concerning issue in older adults with multimorbidity due to complexity of disease conditions and polypharmacy, and may lead to increase in risk for adverse health outcomes. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of potentially inappropriate medication use among the growing population of older adults with multimorbidity in Taiwan.
METHOD: The study population was composed of patients who were aged 65 years or older with multimorbidity (two or more chronic diseases) and had at least one outpatient clinic visit with drug prescription in 2018 identified from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Potentially inappropriate medication use was defined using the 2019 Beers criteria for drugs to be avoided for older adults. Multiple logistic regression model was conducted to examine patient-related and prescriber-related factors associated with PIM use.
RESULTS: A total of 2 432 416 patients (69.7% of the entire older adult population) had multimorbidity and received at least one drug prescription at the outpatient clinic in Taiwan in 2018. The prevalence of having at least one PIM in this population was found to be 85.6%. Patient-related factors (age, sex, specific chronic diseases, frequency of outpatient visits) and prescriber-related factors (physician characteristics, healthcare setting, total number of medications, prior PIM use) were found to be associated with use of PIM.
CONCLUSION: High prevalence of PIM use was found in older patients with multimorbidity in Taiwan. Both patient-related and prescriber-related factors had been found to be predictors of PIM use, and should be addressed when trying to improve the medication quality in this population.
Implanted medical devices, from artificial heart valves and arthroscopic joints to implantable sensors, often induce a foreign body response (FBR), a form of chronic inflammation resulting from the inflammatory reaction to a persistent foreign stimulus. The FBR is characterized by a subset of multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) formed by macrophage fusion, the foreign body giant cells (FBGCs), accompanied by inflammatory cytokines, matrix deposition, and eventually deleterious fibrotic implant encapsulation. Despite efforts to improve biocompatibility, implant-induced FBR persists, compromising the utility of devices and making efforts to control the FBR imperative for long-term function. Controlling macrophage fusion in FBGC formation presents a logical target to prevent implant failure, but the actual contribution of FBGCs to FBR-induced damage is controversial. CD13 is a molecular scaffold, and in vitro induction of CD13KO bone marrow progenitors generates many more MGCs than the wild type, suggesting that CD13 regulates macrophage fusion. In the mesh implant model of FBR, CD13KO mice produced significantly more peri-implant FBGCs with enhanced TGF-β expression and increased collagen deposition versus the wild type. Prior to fusion, increased protrusion and microprotrusion formation accompanies hyperfusion in the absence of CD13. Expression of fusogenic proteins driving cell-cell fusion was aberrantly sustained at high levels in CD13KO MGCs, which we show is due to a novel CD13 function, to our knowledge, regulating ubiquitin/proteasomal protein degradation. We propose CD13 as a physiologic brake limiting aberrant macrophage fusion and the FBR, and it may be a novel therapeutic target to improve the success of implanted medical devices. Furthermore, our data directly implicate FBGCs in the detrimental fibrosis that characterizes the FBR.
QGIT for all eligible patients, to be done at routine CD4 blood draw. Thereafter, for 2 years, annual QGIT at CD4 blood draw for patients with QGIT negative/unknown history. IPT to be provided to patients with a positive QGIT for whom active TB has been ruled out.
Itch encompasses both sensory and emotional dimensions, with the two dimensions reciprocally exacerbating each other. However, whether a shared neural circuit mechanism governs both dimensions remains elusive. Here, we report that the anterior insular cortex (AIC) is activated by both histamine-dependent and -independent itch stimuli. The activation of AIC elicits aversive emotion and exacerbates pruritogen-induced itch sensation and aversion. Mechanistically, AIC excitatory neurons project to the GABAergic neurons in the dorsal bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (dBNST). Manipulating the activity of the AIC → dBNST pathway affects both itch sensation and itch-induced aversion. Our study discovers the shared neural circuit (AIC → dBNST pathway) underlying the itch sensation and aversion, highlights the critical role of the AIC as a central hub for the itch processing, and provides a framework to understand the neural mechanisms underlying the sensation and emotion interaction.
The invention discloses a hand guard film and a preparation method of the hand guard film. The hand guard film is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5-20% of active oilproof component, 11-30% of humectant, 3-12% of tea powder, 1-5% of vitamin and the balance of water. The active oilproof component is one or two of hydroxy propyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose; the humectant is one or more of urea, propylene glycol, glycerol, honey, moisturizing factors and amino acid; the tea powder is green tea powder or matcha. The hand guard film disclosed by the invention can be prepared into a liquid, an emulsion or a cream after being added with conventional additives. According to the invention, the functions of oxidation resistance, nutrition, whitening skin and promoting recovery of skin injury of green tea are utilized. The hand skin can be nursed and preserved through water holding and moisturizing functions of moisturizing factors, honey, urea, propylene glycol and glycerol, so that the hand skin is in a good and beautiful state.
Rare diseases are underrepresented in biomedical research, leading to insufficient awareness. Zhu-Tokita-Takenouchi-Kim (ZTTK) syndrome is a rare disease caused by genetic alterations that result in heterozygous loss of function of SON. While patients with ZTTK syndrome live with numerous symptoms, the lack of model organisms hampers our understanding of SON and this complex syndrome. Here, we developed Son haploinsufficiency (Son+/-) mice as a model of ZTTK syndrome and identified the indispensable roles of Son in organ development and hematopoiesis. Son+/- mice recapitulated clinical symptoms of ZTTK syndrome, including growth retardation, cognitive impairment, skeletal abnormalities, and kidney agenesis. Furthermore, we identified hematopoietic abnormalities in Son+/- mice, including leukopenia and immunoglobulin deficiency, similar to those observed in human patients. Surface marker analyses and single-cell transcriptome profiling of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells revealed that Son haploinsufficiency shifted cell fate more toward the myeloid lineage but compromised lymphoid lineage development by reducing genes required for lymphoid and B cell lineage specification. Additionally, Son haploinsufficiency caused inappropriate activation of erythroid genes and impaired erythropoiesis. These findings highlight the importance of the full gene expression of Son in multiple organs. Our model serves as an invaluable research tool for this rare disease and related disorders associated with SON dysfunction.