anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: Split abdominal wall muscle flap (SAWMF) is a technique to repair large defects in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). A possible objection to this intervention could be any associated abdominal muscle weakness. Our aim is to analyze the evolution of this abdominal muscle wall weakness.
METHODS: Retrospective review of CDH repair by SAWMF (internal oblique muscle and transverse) from 2004 to 2023 focusing on the evolution of muscle wall weakness.
RESULTS: Eighteen neonates of 148 CDH patients (12,1%) were repaired using SAWMF. Mean gestational age and birth weight were 35.7 ± 3.5 weeks and 2587 ± 816 g. Mean lung-to-head ratio was 1.49 ± 0.28 and 78% liver-up. Seven patients (38%) were prenatally treated by tracheal occlusion. Ninety-four percent of the flaps were used for primary repair and one to repair a recurrence. One patient (5.6%) experienced recurrence. Abdominal muscle wall weakness was present in the form of a bulge. Resolution of weakness at 1, 2 and 3 years was 67%, 89% and 94%, respectively. No patient required treatment for weakness or died.
CONCLUSIONS: Abdominal muscular weakness after a split abdominal wall muscle flap repair is not a limitation for its realization since it is asymptomatic and presents a prompt spontaneous resolution.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.
Relapsed/refractory T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) has a dismal outcome, and no effective targeted immunotherapies for T-ALL exist. The extension of chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CARTs) to T-ALL remains challenging because the shared expression of target antigens between CARTs and T-ALL blasts leads to CARTs fratricide. CD1a is exclusively expressed in cortical T-ALLs, a major subset of T-ALL. The expression of CD1a is restricted to cortical thymocytes and neither CD34+ progenitors nor T-cells express CD1a during ontogeny, confining the risk of on-target/off-tumor toxicity. The present invention provides CARs comprising a CD 1a-targeting moiety which may be transduced or transformed into T cells. The resultant CARTs are suitable for the treatment of cortical T-ALLs.
PURPOSE: Telegenetics has become the predominant mode of cancer genetic counseling during the COVID-19 pandemic. We sought to identify potential patient-level contraindicators for telegenetic genetic counseling.
METHODS: We analyzed post-counseling (pre-result disclosure) follow-up data from a randomized noninferiority trial of a telephone genetic counseling versus usual care genetic counseling. Among 669 randomized participants, 600 completed pre-test counseling and 568 completed a 2-week follow-up assessment before receiving test results. In this analysis, we focused on genetic counseling outcomes (knowledge, decisional conflict, and distress). In multivariate models controlling for bivariate predictors of these outcomes, we tested our a priori hypotheses that pre-counseling numeracy, perceived stress, and race/ethnicity would moderate the outcomes of telephone genetic counseling versus usual care.
RESULTS: Only numeracy significantly moderated associations between mode of genetic counseling and outcomes. Higher numeracy was associated with higher post-counseling knowledge following telephone genetic counseling (p < 0.001), but not usual care (p = 0.450). Higher numeracy was also associated with lower distress following telephone genetic counseling (p = 0.009) but not usual care (p = 0.16). Neither perceived stress nor race/ethnicity exhibited differential impacts on telephone genetic counseling versus usual care (ps > 0.20).
CONCLUSION: Although high numeracy was associated with higher levels of knowledge following telegenetic counseling, we did not identify any clinically significant patient-level contraindicators for telegenetic counseling. These results lend further confidence to the broad use of telegenetics.
BACKGROUND: Bufonis Venenum (BV) is a traditional animal-based Chinese medicine with therapeutic effects against cancer. However, its clinical use is significantly restricted due to associated cardiovascular risks. BV's value in China's market is typically assessed based on "content priority," focusing on indicator components. However, these components of BV possess both antitumor activity and toxicity, and the correlation between the antitumor activity and toxicity of BV has not yet been elucidated.
PURPOSE: This study employs an integrated multi-omics approach to identify bufadienolide Q-markers and explore the correlation between BV's antitumor activity and toxicity. The aim is to establish a more comprehensive method for BV's quality.
METHODS: Normal zebrafish and HepG2 xenograft zebrafish were chosen as activity and toxicity evaluation models. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with a linear ion trap orbitrap (LTQ-Orbitrap) mass spectrometry was used to quantify eight batches of BV and key "toxic and effective" components were screened out. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were performed to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underlying the antitumor activity and cardiovascular toxicity of the key components in BV.
RESULTS: Eight key "toxic and effective" compounds were identified: resibufogenin, cinobufagin, arenobufagin, bufotalin, bufalin, gamabufotalin, desacetylcinobufagin, and telocinobufagin. The findings showed that bufalin and cinobufagin interfered with calcium homeostasis through CaV and CaSR, induced cardiotoxicity, and upregulated CASP9 to activate myocardial cell apoptosis. However, desacetylcinobufagin exhibited greater potential in terms of anti-tumor effects. Combining the results of untargeted and targeted metabolomics revealed that desacetylcinobufagin could have a callback effect on differential lipids and correct abnormal energy and amino acid metabolism caused by cancer, similar to cinobufagin and bufalin. Microscale thermophoresis (MST) ligand binding measurements also showed that the binding of desacetylcinobufagin to GPX4 has a more potent ability to induce ferroptosis in tumor cells compared to cinobufagin.
CONCLUSION: An innovative evaluation method based on the zebrafish was developed to investigate the relationship between the toxicity and efficacy of BV. This study identified toxicity and activity Q-markers and explored the mechanism between the two effects of BV. The research data could offer valuable insights into the efficacy of BV. Additionally, desacetylcinobufagin, an active ingredient with low toxicity, was found to enhance the quality of BV.
Spinal surgery is associated with severe pain, with a median pain score of 7 (interquartile range, 4 to 8) on the first postoperative day, and requires long duration analgesia. The total dose of opioids required for postoperative analgesia is about 2-4 times that for other surgeries. However, despite high dose opioids, the analgesic effects remain unsatisfied. In a recent trial of 200 patients following scoliosis correction surgery, the proportion with moderate-to-severe pain in patients given routine analgesia was 84.6%. Severe acute pain is an important risk factor of chronic postsurgical pain and is associated with an increased risk of long-term opioid use.

Ketamine is a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist. Low-dose ketamine infusion is recommended for postoperative analgesia but may cause neuropsychiatric side effects. Esketamine is the S-enantiomer of racemic ketamine with approximately twice as potent as racemic ketamine in analgesia and less likely to produce side effects. Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2 receptor agonist and has anxiolytic, sedative, analgesic effects. When used as a supplement to opioid analgesia, dexmedetomidine improves analgesia and sleep quality but may produce sedation.

In a recent trial, mini-dose esketamine-dexmedetomidine combination as a supplement to sufentanil significantly improved analgesia and subjective sleep quality after scoliosis correction surgery; no significant adverse reactions were observed. However, the proportion of moderate-to-severe pain remained high (65.7%) in these patients, so further improvement is needed. The authors speculate that increasing esketamine dose in the esketamine-dexmedetomidine combination may further improve the analgesia. This study aims to explore the effects of different dose esketamine in the combination on acute and chronic pain in patients following spinal deformity surgery.
Zenker diverticulum is a rare disease accounting for 1.5-5% of esophageal diverticula. For a long time, surgical treatment of Zenker pharyngoesophageal diverticula implied open diverticulectomy via cervical approach. However, this intervention is characterized by high postoperative morbidity and recurrence rate. Oral endoscopic minimally invasive cricopharyngoesophagomyotomy has become widespread over the past 10 years. We present a 55-year-old female who underwent endoscopic treatment for recurrent Zenker diverticulum and postoperative esophageal stricture. We obtained favorable result in a patient with recurrent Zenker diverticulum after previous open surgeries complicated by esophageal stricture. Endoscopic management eliminated recurrent diverticulum and esophageal stricture, as well as improved the quality of life. Endoscopic approach is preferable for pharynoesophageal diverticula compared to traditional surgical diverticulectomy. Obvious advantages of this technique are stable functional result, low incidence of complications and mortality, short-term postoperative period with fast rehabilitation. Extended myotomy is essential for successful oral endoscopic cricopharyngoesophagomyotomy.
Micro electrodes will be placed at PC 4 and 6 , LI 4 and ST36. subjects will receive electro-acupuncture (EA) (treatment) mixed frequency( continuous plus dense disperse) will be at 2Hz and 100 Hz the amplitude will be 1000 microA.
System and method for optimizing outcomes for healthcare entities, are described. In one aspect, the system includes an implementation of an optimization framework of machine learning engines, models, multiple sources of information or data. The machine learning engines may cooperatively collaborate with the models and execute operations on the data from the diverse data sources. In response to execution of the operations, the machine learning engines of the system may identify and/or determine multiple outcomes that may be optimized. The results of the execution of the operations by the machine learning engines of the system may provision analyzing different scenarios, analyzing recommendations, and take actionable steps based on the results of the analysis. Upon implementing the actionable steps, the outcomes for the healthcare entities may be optimized.
Aortic stenosis is the commonest valvular heart disease in the western world and is the leading indication for valve surgery. Histological studies have suggested similarities with atherosclerosis including inflammation, lipid deposition, increased macrophage activity and calcification. However, recent randomised controlled trials have failed to demonstrate a reduction in the rate of disease progression with statin therapy and the investigators believe there is now a need to re-evaluate the underlying factors involved in the initiation and progression of aortic stenosis. The investigators propose to assess the role of inflammation and calcification in the pathogenesis and progression of aortic stenosis by using positron emission tomography with \[18F\]-fluorodeoxyglucose and \[18F-\]-fluoride in patients with a range of aortic valve disease. The investigators hypothesise that increasing severity of valvular inflammation and calcification will correlate with disease severity and rate of disease progression. This work will lay the foundation for the subsequent application of interventions targeted at inflammation and calcification.
OBJECTIVES: Skeletal muscle index (SMI) is insufficient for evaluating muscle in obesity, and muscle attenuation (MA) may be a preferred indicator. This study aimed to investigate whether MA has greater prognostic value than SMI in gastric cancer patients with overweight and obesity.
METHODS: Clinical parameters of 1312 patients with gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy were prospectively collected between 2013 and 2019. MA and SMI were analyzed by computed tomography scan. Overweight/obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥24 kg/m2. The hazard ratio (HR) for death was calculated using Cox regression analysis.
RESULTS: Among all patients, 405 were identified as overweight and obese, and 907 were identified as normal and underweight. MA was inversely associated with BMI and visceral fat area. Among the 405 patients with overweight and obesity, 212 patients (52%) were diagnosed with low MA. In the overweight/obese group, MA was an independent predictor for overall survival (HR, 1.610; P = 0.021) in multivariate Cox regression analyses, whereas SMI did not remain in the model. In the normal/underweight group, both low MA (HR, 1.283; P = 0.039) and low SMI (HR, 1.369; P = 0.008) were independent factors of overall survival. Additionally, 318 patients were identified as having visceral obesity in the overweight/obese group, and low MA was also an independent prognostic factor for survival in these patients (HR, 1.765; P = 0.013).
CONCLUSION: MA had a higher prognostic value than SMI in overweight and obese patients with gastric cancer after radical gastrectomy.
Slightly roasted ground Arabica coffee rich in phenolic compounds (hydroxycinnamic acids). Participants will consume 3 cups of freshly brewed coffee daily (breakfast, mid-morning, early afternoon). Black coffee, no milk.
The invention discloses traditional Chinese medicine preparation treating hypotension. The traditional Chinese medicine is prepared from, 20-30 g of Chinese yam, 10-12 g of cortex albiziae, 8-10 g of corydalis yanhusuo, 6-8 g of flos carthami, 8-10 g of pericarpium citri reticulatae viride, 10-12 g of semen raphani, 8-10 g of myristica fragrans, 3-5 g of sandalwood and 3-5 g of myrrh. A preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation treating hypotension is simple, low in treatment cost, natural in source, scientific in compatibility, quick in treatment effect, capable of according with the national pharmacopoeia, safe to use and free of toxic and side effects. Alcohol used in the preparation process can be recycled and used repeatedly, and cost is reduced. The defect that common medicine for treating hypotension is slow in medicine effect, and hypotension happens again is overcome, all organs are conditioned, the hypotension disease is fundamentally cured, the effective rate is 100%, and the radical rate is 96%. Traditional Chinese medicine components are extracted through a heating ultrasonic method, the extraction rate is high, time is short, and work efficiency is improved. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared into oral liquid and convenient to carry and take.
Diarrheal disease is the second leading cause of death worldwide in children under 5 years old, after pneumonia. Fortunately, diarrhea is a preventable disease that can be avoided by implementing basic home management strategies. Mothers are essential to its management and prevention; therefore, this study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of mothers in Pakistan related to diarrheal disease prevention and management. The study was conducted using a cross-sectional design in three cities of Pakistan from September 2022 to December 2022. A questionnaire was used to collect data on mothers' sociodemographic characteristics and their knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to the prevention and management of diarrheal diseases. A total of 356 mothers (81.7% of them were housewives, and 58.4% were 25-34 years old) participated in the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and tests of association. Significant associations were found between mothers' income, education, and ethnicity and their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the prevention and management of diarrheal diseases (P <0.05). However, no significant association was found between the other variables. The knowledge and attitudes of the mothers regarding the prevention and management of diarrhea were satisfactory; however, their prevention-related practices and home-based management were unsatisfactory. Therefore, community education, formation of health and hygiene committees, and dissemination of user-friendly information are crucial for creating awareness about the prevention and management of diarrheal diseases. These measures can help improve the practices of mothers and reduce the incidence of diarrheal diseases in Pakistan.
The investigators will evaluate the extent to which implementation of a chronic weight loss medication, Contrave® (Naltrexone/Bupropion), is associated with achieving ≥5% weight loss. All patients will receive the POWER-remote behavioral weight loss intervention (BWL) and have a behavioral coach for the duration of the 6 month study. During months 1-3, the behavioral coach will call weekly. From months 4-6, the behavioral coach will call monthly. At week 9, those who lose ≥5%, designated fast responders, will continue with BWL alone (FAST-BWL) while those who lose \<5%, designated slow responders, will continue BWL and initiate Contrave (SLOW-BWL). The SLOW-BWL arm will receive at least 16 weeks of Contrave (as per Federal Drug Administration \[FDA\] recommended administration) starting at week 9 and discontinue if ≥5% weight loss is not achieved at month 6. During month 3, all participants continue to have weekly calls with the behavioral coach and will be asked about symptoms, which may be related to initiation of pharmacotherapy; any symptoms are reported to the PI for further evaluation. In addition to total weight loss, the investigators will evaluate biomarkers associated with obesity, microbiome and cardiometabolic factors.
Methods and apparatus for providing a leak-proof seal for two-piece capsules containing oil-based liquids or other compositions by a two-stage process. The capsule cap and capsule body are combined by a nitrogen purge instant bonding (NPIB) system. An overlay medium is applied to selected portions of the capsule, including near the seam formed by the interconnection of the capsule cap and capsule body to provide a substantially leak-proof seal. The overlay medium is made from materials that make up the capsule cap and capsule body, including gelatin, starch, cellulose or polysaccharides, among others, which are dispersed in a hydro-alcoholic, aqueous or organic solution. The overlay medium includes additives to impart desired qualities to the capsule and include taste-enhancers, taste-maskers, odor-enhancers and odor-maskers. The additives may include color additives, aroma additives and taste additives.
52 Week Open-Label Safety Study of cenobamate adjunctive therapy for subjects who complete double-blind study YKP3089C025. Subjects will have a 12 week double-blind conversion phase where subjects who received placebo in the double-blind study will be converted to cenobamate. Subjects who received cenobamate in the double-blind study will continue to receive their daily dose of cenobamate. Subjects switching from placebo to cenobamate will be titrated starting at 12.5 mg and increase their dose over the course of 12 weeks as follows 12.5 mg for 2 weeks, 25 mg for two weeks, 50 mg for two weeks, 100 mg for two weeks, 150 mg for two weeks, and 200 mg for two weeks. All subjects will receive 200 mg for the last two weeks of the conversion phase to preserve the blind. After completing the double-blind conversion phase, subjects will have 40 weeks of open-label, flexibly dosed cenobamate. The dose range is 50 mg - 200 mg. Primary endpoints are all safety measures.

Adolescents will follow the same every two week regimen and receive cenobamate as an oral suspension based on weight
The novel coronavirus pandemic, first reported in December 2019, was caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to a strong immune response and activation of antigen-presenting cells, which can elicit acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) characterized by the rapid onset of widespread inflammation, the so-called cytokine storm. In response to viral infections, monocytes are recruited into the lung and subsequently differentiate into dendritic cells (DCs). DCs are critical players in the development of acute lung inflammation that causes ARDS. Here, we focus on the interaction of a specific SARS-CoV-2 open reading frame protein, ORF8, with DCs. We show that ORF8 binds to DCs, causes pre-maturation of differentiating DCs, and induces the secretion of multiple proinflammatory cytokines by these cells. In addition, we identified DC-SIGN as a possible interaction partner of ORF8 on DCs. Blockade of ORF8 leads to reduced production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p70, TNF-α, MCP-1 (also named CCL2), and IL-10 by DCs. Therefore, a neutralizing antibody blocking the ORF8-mediated cytokine and chemokine response could be an improved therapeutic strategy against SARS-CoV-2.
The cost of drug discovery and development is driven primarily by failure1, with only about 10% of clinical programmes eventually receiving approval2-4. We previously estimated that human genetic evidence doubles the success rate from clinical development to approval5. In this study we leverage the growth in genetic evidence over the past decade to better understand the characteristics that distinguish clinical success and failure. We estimate the probability of success for drug mechanisms with genetic support is 2.6 times greater than those without. This relative success varies among therapy areas and development phases, and improves with increasing confidence in the causal gene, but is largely unaffected by genetic effect size, minor allele frequency or year of discovery. These results indicate we are far from reaching peak genetic insights to aid the discovery of targets for more effective drugs.
This study will examine a sequence of treatments including pre-operative chemotherapy and radiation, surgery and post-operative chemotherapy for resectable pancreatic cancer. This research treatment will evaluate the combination of two chemotherapy agents, oxaliplatin and gemcitabine with radiation therapy. The researchers have already done studies using oxaliplatin, gemcitabine and radiation therapy together for pancreatic cancer. They want to build on the information they have from this previous research and do the research at multiple sites. They will use this study to determine how well people do who are treated with gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, and radiation therapy prior to having surgery for their pancreatic cancer. The researchers will also gather more information about what type of side effects occur with this treatment.
Many years of clinical practice experience has found that Chinese medicine (CM) for EPACH recipe continuously with NQABC recipe can be beneficial to the recovery of neurological function in the early stage of ischemic stroke. However, there is lack of high-quality evidence of its efficacy for acute ischemic stroke currently. The primary hypothesis of this trial is that Chinese herbal therapeutic regimen of EPACH+NQABC combined with guideline-based standard treatment will improve the 15-day neurological deficits in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Totally 500 participants will be randomized to the integrative treatment group treated with EPACH + NQABC recipes granules in addition to guideline-based standard treatment or the control group with placebo and guideline-based standard treatment equally for 15 days. All patients will have a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) entry score of 4-25. Patients in each group will be treated according to guideline-based standard treatment, but patients who have received or intend to undergo intravenous thrombolysis or endovascular interventions (including intravascular mechanical thrombectomy, arterial thrombolysis, angioplasty) are excluded. The primary outcome will be determined at 15 days, and all the participants will be followed up for 90 days.