anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are the most common infections in the general population and are mainly caused by respiratory viruses. Detecting several viruses in a respiratory sample is common. To better understand these viral codetections and potential interferences, we tested for the presence of viruses and developed quantitative PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) for the viruses most prevalent in coinfections: human rhinovirus (HRV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and quantified their viral loads according to coinfections and health status, age, cellular abundance and other variables.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples from two different cohorts were analyzed: one included hospitalized infants under 12 months of age with acute bronchiolitis (n=719) and the other primary care patients of all ages with symptoms of ARI (n=685). We performed Multiplex PCR on nasopharyngeal swabs, and quantitative PCR on samples positive for HRV or/and RSV to determine viral loads (VL). Cellular abundance (CA) was also estimated by qPCR targeting the GAPDH gene. Genotyping was performed either directly from first-line molecular panel or by PCR and sequencing for HRV.
RESULTS: The risks of viral codetection were 4.1 (IC95[1.8; 10.0]) and 93.9 1 (IC95[48.7; 190.7]) higher in infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis than in infants in primary care for RSV and HRV respectively (p<0.001). CA was higher in samples positive for multiple viruses than in mono-infected or negative samples (p<0.001), and higher in samples positive for RSV (p<0.001) and HRV (p<0.001) than in negative samples. We found a positive correlation between CA and VL for both RSV and HRV. HRV VL was higher in children than in the elderly (p<0.05), but not RSV VL. HRV VL was higher when detected alone than in samples coinfected with RSV-A and with RSV-B. There was a significant increase of RSV-A VL when codetecting with HRV (p=0.001) and when co-detecting with RSV-B+HRV versus RSV-A+ RSV-B (p=0.02).
CONCLUSIONS: Many parameters influence the natural history of respiratory viral infections, and quantifying respiratory viral loads can help disentangle their contributions to viral outcome.
According to the results of several studies footnoted in this protocol, there is now convincing evidence that extensive areas of radiographically-dense tissue in the breast is an independent risk factor for the development of breast cancer. Here, the investigators postulate that it is RANK ligand that mediates the association between breast density and risk of breast cancer for which progesterone is one of several factors that influence the availability of RANK ligand in mammary tissue to promote or sustain higher breast density. As such, the investigators hypothesize that inhibition of RANK ligand with the anti-RANK ligand antibody therapeutic agent denosumab will decrease breast density; a risk factor for breast cancer development. The investigators will test the primary hypothesis that RANK ligand inhibition by denosumab (Xgeva) given 120mg monthly to pre- and post-menopausal breast cancer patients will significantly decrease breast density over 6 months. Breast density will be assessed by magnetic resonance fat water imaging (MR-FW) of the breast. At the beginning of the study participants will be measured for a change in breast density by MRI between baseline 1 and baseline 2 (end of 3 months observation period). All patients will then receive 6 months of 120 mg denosumab subcutaneously every month with repeat MR imaging to obtain measurements after 6 months on denosumab. All participants will be asked to provide an optional core needle breast biopsy sample at baseline and after 6 months on denosumab.
BACKGROUND: The rising prevalence of maternal obesity presents a significant health concern because of the possible implications for obstetric complications and neonatal outcomes. Understanding the impact of obesity on placental structure and function as well as fetal growth and infant outcomes is important to improve the care of these potentially high-risk pregnancies. This study aimed to determine the effect of elevated maternal BMI on histopathologic patterns of placental injury and its consequences on fetal growth.
METHODS: Data were collected from an ongoing cohort of maternal-infant dyads in the UCSD Obstetric Registry spanning 2011-2020. Maternal characteristics, including BMI, hypertensive disease and diabetes, placental gross and histopathology, and infant characteristics, including sex and birthweight, were recorded and analyzed. ANOVA and chi-square tests were used in initial analyses, followed by log-binomial and linear regression models adjusted for relevant confounders to determine associations between maternal BMI, specific patterns of placental injury, and infant birthweight percentiles.
RESULTS: Among 1366 maternal-infant dyads, placentas from mothers with overweight and obesity were heavier and demonstrated higher adjusted relative risks of chronic villitis (CV), decidual vasculopathy, intervillous thrombosis, and normoblastemia. Placental efficiency, determined by fetal-placental weight ratio, was decreased with increasing BMI. Maternal obesity was associated with higher rates of preterm birth and higher birthweight percentiles. Multiple placental lesions, including maternal (MVM) and fetal vascular malperfusion (FVM), exhibited significant effects on birthweight percentiles; however, only MVM showed a differential effect based on maternal obesity.
CONCLUSIONS: Presence of obesity in pregnancy is associated with increased rates of placental patterns of injury, decreased placental efficiency, and increased birthweight percentiles. While placental lesions, such as CV, have the potential to negatively impact fetal growth, the resulting birthweight percentiles demonstrate a more complex relationship between maternal obesity and fetal growth, that likely involves placental and fetal adaptation to the altered in utero environment.
PCT No. PCT/EP97/02966 Sec. 371 Date Dec. 14, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Dec. 14, 1998 PCT Filed Jun. 4, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO97/47584 PCT Pub. Date Dec. 18, 1997Compounds of general formula (I) in which Y and Q are the same or different and are hydrogen atoms or C1-6 alkyl groups, optionally substituted by 1-4 hydroxy or 1-4 R3O2CCH2CH2CO2- groups, where R3 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group which may be straight or branched and saturated or unsaturated, and R1 and R2 are the same or different and are C1-6 alkyl groups, which may be straight or branched and saturated or unsaturated, and solvates and prodrugs of these compounds and the salts of compounds in which R3 is a hydrogen atom. These compounds can be used in the treatment of diseases caused by or resulting in metabolic dysfunction and/or energy deprivation, such as diabetes, acute starvation, endotoxemia, sepsis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple orgen dysfunction syndrome.
Participants will be assigned to an attending physician for direct 1:1 supervision. The participants will fill out a survey at the end of the day for 16 consecutive days.
PURPOSE: To present a case of extensive bilateral choroidal infarctions from multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and disseminated intravascular coagulation.
METHODS: A retrospective case report. The medical and imaging records, including fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, and visual fields, were reviewed.
PATIENT: A 49-year-old woman presented after a failed suicidal attempt from drug overdose. The patient was subsequently intubated for acute hypoxic respiratory failure with presumed septic shock from aspiration pneumonia while requiring exogenous adrenergic support. Her hospital course was further complicated by development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The patient complained of blurry vision in both eyes after regaining consciousness.
RESULTS: Fundus photography showed bilateral dot-blot hemorrhages and cotton wool spots followed by multiple areas of triangular granular pigmentation, consistent with choroidal infarcts. Fluorescein angiography revealed delayed patchy filling, followed by late staining. Optical coherence tomography showed diffuse thinning of the choroid with overlying retina pigment epithelium atrophy. Goldmann visual field displayed discrete areas of visual field deficits. At the most recent visit, the best-corrected final visual acuity remained 20/100 in the right eye and 20/30 in the left eye.
CONCLUSION: Disseminated intravascular coagulation has been associated with choroidal infarcts. We present a case of extensive bilateral choroidal infarction in a patient with combined disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome consistent with Amalric choroidal triangular sign.
The principal route of elimination of ketorolac and its metabolites is renal. About 92% of a given dose is found in the urine, approximately 40% as metabolites and 60% as unchanged ketorolac. Approximately 6% of a dose is excreted in the feces. A single-dose study with 10 mg ketorolac tromethamine (n=9) demonstrated that the S-enantiomer is cleared approximately two times faster than the R-enantiomer and that the clearance was independent of the route of administration. This means that the ratio of S/R plasma concentrations decreases with time after each dose. There is little or no inversion of the R- to S- form in humans. The clearance of the racemate in normal subjects, elderly individuals and in hepatically and renally impaired patients is outlined in Table 2(see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Kinetics in Special Populations). 

The half-life of the ketorolac tromethamine S-enantiomer was approximately 2.5 hours (SD±0.4) compared with 5 hours (SD±1.7) for the R-enantiomer. In other studies, the half-life for the racemate has been reported to lie within the range of 5 to 6 hours.
Cancer is a disease that stems from a fundamental liability inherent to multicellular life forms in which an individual cell is capable of reneging on the interests of the collective organism. Although cancer is commonly described as an evolutionary process, a less appreciated aspect of tumorigenesis may be the constraints imposed by the organism's developmental programs. Recent work from single-cell transcriptomic analyses across a range of cancer types has revealed the recurrence, plasticity, and co-option of distinct cellular states among cancer cell populations. Here, we note that across diverse cancer types, the observed cell states are proximate within the developmental hierarchy of the cell of origin. We thus posit a model by which cancer cell states are directly constrained by the organism's "developmental map." According to this model, a population of cancer cells traverses the developmental map, thereby generating a heterogeneous set of states whose interactions underpin emergent tumor behavior.
The biphasic, symmetrical waveform will be used. The 100 Hz current will be applied for 10 minutes.
Surgical instruments and system and methods for using surgical instruments are disclosed. A surgical instrument comprises an end effector comprising an ultrasonic blade and clamp arm, an ultrasonic transducer, and a control circuit. The ultrasonic transducer ultrasonically oscillates the ultrasonic blade in response to a drive signal from a generator. The end effector receives electrosurgical energy to weld tissue. The control circuit determines a resonant frequency measure indicative of a thermally induced change in resonant frequency and a electrical continuity measure; calculates a weld focal point based on the determined measures, controls closure of the clamp arm to vary a pressure applied by the clamp arm to provide a threshold control pressure to the tissue loaded into the end effector, and maintains a gap between the ultrasonic blade and clamp arm at a point proximal to the proximal end of the tissue. Pressure is varied based on corresponding weld focal point.
Methods and systems for forming water-in-oil emulsions are described. For example, an apparatus is described which includes: a first compartment containing a plurality of particles dispersed in an aqueous phase; a second compartment containing an oil phase; a porous layer separating the first and second compartments; and a device for applying pressure to the first compartment. A method is described which includes: moving an oil phase relative to a surface of a porous layer while simultaneously forcing an aqueous composition comprising particles through the porous layer and into the flowing dispersion medium thereby forming droplets of the aqueous composition containing particles dispersed in the oil phase. The aqueous composition can include one or more nucleic acid templates and reagents for amplifying the nucleic acids such as PCR reagents. A porous partition is described comprising a first and second major surfaces and at least two straight through pores comprising a cross sectional shape selected from a polygon, an oval, an oblong, a dumbbell, a bowtie and irregular shapes thereof. Aqueous droplets containing an oligonucleotide attached to a particle and reagents can be used as a microreactor for nucleic acid amplification.
Pregnancy is associated with psychological stress for many reasons such as physiological, social and emotional changes. In the literature, it is thought that the stress experienced in the prenatal period may affect maternal and fetal health primarily and secondarily. Primary factors; It is the direct effect of increasing stress during pregnancy on biological systems (increasing stress hormones on the body). Secondary factors are; It is an indirect effect on maternal and fetal health as a result of unhealthy behaviors such as substance use and not going to prenatal check-ups in pregnant women who experience stress symptoms. In both ways, stress is associated with adverse maternal, fetal, neonatal and long-term outcomes. Prenatal stress; It is reported to increase the risk of hypertensive diseases, placental abnormalities, increased uterine, arterial resistance, spontaneous abortion, antenatal bleeding, preterm labor, difficult labor, operative deliveries, postpartum depression, intrauterine growth retardation, low APGAR Score, low birth weight and fetal death. Along with these, maternal anxiety seemed to affect the duration and variability of the FHR, with prolonged accelerations often fused into sustained tachycardia. A further paper reported that the children of women who were highly anxious during pregnancy were more likely to be hyperactive, more likely to show attention deficit, and more likely to exhibit difficult behavior and aggression compared with children from low anxiety mothers.

Fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring is the primary clinical technique for assessing fetal well-being and is one of the most useful techniques for investigating fetal neurodevelopment. In addition, FHR acceleration (defined as \> 15 beats/min from baseline) is associated with fetal movement (fetal reactivity) and has been found to have a high association with fetal well-being.

Before 24 weeks gestation, fetal reactivity is rare, and it would seem that the appearance of FHR reactivity is related to maturation of the central nervous system (CNS), which occurs at the beginning of the third trimester. In research which conducted in 2010, found that fetuses of women who had a cortisol increase following an arithmetic task versus those who did not, had higher resting (HR) and less short-term HR variability (HRV) 20 min after the stressor task ended. There was a trend finding for participants who had a cortisol increase to report higher levels of life stress. In other research, higher resting maternal cortisol during the 3rd trimester was associated with greater amplitude and amount (time spent) of fetal movement during a 50-min observation period. The aim of the present study was to determine determine whether maternal cortisol levels affect fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns.
Acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare life-threatening disorder characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, severe thrombocytopenia, and organ damage. We present the case of a 71-year-old man initially diagnosed with malaria-like symptoms and displaying markers of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, severe thrombocytopenia, renal injury, and neurological impairment. Despite antimalarial treatment, acquired TTP was suspected. Plasma exchange and immunosuppressive therapy led to clinical improvement, normalizing the platelet count and hemolytic profile. Diagnostic confirmation revealed significantly reduced ADAMTS13 levels. Following the proposed treatment, the patient's ADAMTS13 levels normalized. This case illustrates acquired TTP linked to uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria.
The invention relates to a preparing method for valeriana officinalis var. latifolia root volatile oil and inflammation-diminishing and pain-easing applications of the volatile oil. The method includes crushing valeriana officinalis var. latifolia root, sieving with a sieve having a size of 20 meshes, dissolving cellulase the weight of which is 1-3% of the weight of the raw material into an acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer solution the pH of which is 4.0-5.0 and the weight of which is 0.5-1 time of the weight of the raw material, fully mixing, spraying the valeriana officinalis var. latifolia root powder with the prepared buffer solution, sealing, covering with film, fermenting at 40-50 DEG C for 5-7 d, adding the fermented raw material into an ultrasonic device the frequency of which is 40 KHz, extracting for 2-3 h, filtering, and subjecting the extract liquid to vacuum concentration, extraction with an organic solvent, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, vacuum concentration, and other steps to obtain the volatile oil. Pharmacodynamic evaluation shows that the volatile oil has obvious inflammation-diminishing and pain-easing effects and has a wide application prospect.
Dispense in the original sealed carton with the enclosed Instructions for Use.

Prior to first use, SOLIQUA 100/33 pen should be stored in a refrigerator, 36°F–46°F (2°C–8°C). Do not freeze. Discard SOLIQUA 100/33 if it has been frozen. Protect from light.

After first use, store at room temperature up to 77°F (25°C). Replace the pen cap after each use to protect from light.

Discard pen 28 days after first use.

Remove the needle after each injection and store the SOLIQUA 100/33 pen without a needle attached.
Patients undergo surgical resection. Beginning 3-12 weeks after surgery, patients then receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours, irinotecan hydrochloride IV over 90 minutes, and leucovorin calcium over 2 hours on day 1, and fluorouracil IV over 46-48 hours on days 1-3. Treatment repeats every 14 days for 12 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
This application includes methods and compositions for evaluating a genetic locus associated with longevity and methods for evaluating information from groups of individuals. A longevity-associated locus was identified in gene that encodes for the microsomal triglyceride transfer (MTP) protein on chromosome IV. The polymorphic markers in the region and their methods of use are described. Also disclosed is a method for evaluating information which information for each individual of a first group of individuals and each individual of a second group of individuals is used to select a subset of individuals from the second group. The information can be about a plurality of different biological features. The selection can use a comparison between information for members of the first group and information for members of the subset. It is also possible to compare members of the first group to members of the selected subset with respect to at least one factor. The method can be used to reduce stratification, for example, in the analysis of genetic associations.
Our overall objective is to improve patient satisfaction with nasogastric (NG) tube placement (placement of a flexible tube through the nose into the stomach) in the emergency department. Placement of an NG tube into the stomach is often performed in the emergency department (ED) setting to evacuate air, blood, or other contents. Generally performed by nursing staff at the bedside in the emergency department, the procedure may produce significant pain and discomfort for the patient despite typical measures including local medications to constrict and numb the nasal mucosa. In one questionnaire of emergency department patients at a large university hospital, placement of an NG tube was reported to be the most painful procedure, ahead of fracture reduction, abscess drainage, and urethral catheterization (Singer et al. 1999). The typical medication used for placement of an NG tube placement is administration of local, topical medications; the use of intravenous drugs to improve patient tolerance of the procedure varies widely in clinical practice (Juhl and Conners 2005). Midazolam (Versed) is an FDA-approved agent for procedural sedation, which has been used frequently at this institution for the placement of NG tubes in the emergency department. In our experience, it facilitates placement by relaxing muscles, thereby decreasing gag, and its anxiolytic and amnestic properties improve patient satisfaction. However, there are no published studies of midazolam for NG tube placement in the ED or any other setting.

The investigators will perform a randomized controlled trial to determine if a single 2mg unit midazolam dose administered intravenously decreases discomfort for patients undergoing nasogastric tube placement in the emergency department. Adult emergency department patients who require NG tubes will be screened and following informed consent they will be randomly assigned to receive either midazolam or saline control. Medications are provided by pharmacy. Registered nurses will perform the placement and administer medications; researcher, nurse and subject will be blinded to the treatment arm. Following the procedure, subjects will be asked to assess their level of discomfort and complete a brief researcher-assisted questionnaire about their experience. The nurse will also complete a questionnaire that addresses the difficulty of the procedure, level of success, and occurrence of unanticipated problems or adverse events. This study may provide support for a clinical practice to improve care for patients requiring NG tube placement in the ED.
The invention discloses an S-layer protein derived polypeptide and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicines. The S-layer protein polypeptide disclosed by the invention comprises an amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID No. 1: VTVNV. The S-layer protein derivative polypeptide disclosed by the invention comprises an amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID No. 2: PVTVNVPNVTPAAAQETTKTV. The composition of the present invention contains the above polypeptide. The invention discloses application of the polypeptide in preparing an oral care product. The polypeptide has good collagen binding capacity and calcium binding capacity, can effectively adsorb calcium ions in an aggregation environment while being on the surface of collagen, and realizes dentin biomimetic mineralization of orderly arranged minerals in collagen fibers.