anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled derivative useful as a remedy for hyperlipemia, etc., by converting a specific derivative with a microorganism of Nocardia genus, etc. CONSTITUTION:An ML-236B derivative (A) consisting of a carboxylic acid having the structure of formula I, its pharmacologically permissible salt, its ester or its cyclized lactone is added at an amount of 0.01-0.5wt% to a cultured liquid obtained by culturing a microbial strain belonging to Nocardia genus, etc., (e.g. Nocardia sp. SANK 62781) for 1-3 days. The culture is contunued further for 3-5 days to effect the hydroxylation of the component A and to convert the component A to 3'',6'-dihydroxy-ML-236B derivative (B) consisting of a carboxylic acid having the structure of formula II, its pharmacologically permissible salt, its ester or its cyclized lactone. The converted culture liquid is filtered and the filtrate is extracted, separated and purified to obtain the component B.
Participants will wear the Otoband on the flat part of the right mastoid bone, about an inch behind the pinna and level with the ear canal. Each participant will select his/her preferred stimulation level. The OtoBand will be programmed to operate at one of three power levels that are thought to be effective. The OtoBand will record what power level is selected and how long it was operating at that power level as well as the date and time a usage started. The "use log" will be downloaded at Otolith's lab once the device is received. The participant will wear the device for 30 minutes and record their Tinnitus level in a Google Form.
The invention designs a photosensitizer activated by glutathione, which respectively synthesizes oxo-photosensitizer and sulfo-photosensitizer ER A O D I ‑DNB，A S D I DNB), which not only has good PDT effect under normoxic conditions, but also exhibits excellent PDT capability under hypoxic conditions. The oxo-photosensitizer has excellent PDT effect and fluorescence emission, and excellent endoplasmic reticulum targeting function. Compared with an oxo photosensitizer, the photosensitivity of the thio photosensitizer is greatly improved by adding the S atom. After esterification with 2, 4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride, the absorption in the visible region disappeared and the photosensitivity was suppressed. After activation by glutathione, absorption in the visible region is restored, and photosensitivity is also restored. The GSH activated photosensitizer provided by the invention solves the problem of the existing photosensitizer to a certain extentThe hypoxia dependence of the preparation, low tumor specificity and the like.
Metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets, USP contain the biguanidine antihyperglycemic agent, metformin, in the form of monohydrochloride salt. The chemical name of metformin HCl is N, N-dimethylimidodicarbonimidic diamide hydrochloride with a molecular formula of C4H11N5•HCl and a molecular weight of 165.63. Its structural formula is: 

Metformin HCl is a white to off-white crystalline powder that is freely soluble in water and is practically insoluble in acetone, ether, and chloroform. The pKa of metformin is 12.4. The pH of a 1% aqueous solution of metformin HCl is 6.68. 

Metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets deliver 500 mg or 1,000 mg of metformin HCl, which is equivalent to 389.93 mg or 779.86 mg metformin, respectively. In addition to the active ingredient metformin HCl, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: ammonio methacrylate copolymer type A, ammonio methacrylate copolymer type B, colloidal silicone dioxide, crospovidone, dibutyl sebacate, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose and povidone. 

Metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets USP meets USP Dissolution Test 12.
Familial adenomatous polyposis is a kind of colorectal cancer syndrome, which belongs to rare diseases. It is estimated that the number of patients in China is about 100,000, accounting for about 1% of all colorectal cancer patients. This type of patients onset between the ages of ten and thirty years old. The typical manifestation is the growth of tens to thousands of colorectal adenomas, and the lifetime risk of colorectal cancer is close to 100%, accompanied by multiple extraintestinal manifestations . Without treatment, the average life span is 40-50 years. The current internationally accepted treatment method is prophylactic total colorectal resection combined with endoscopic follow-up. This program has a significant effect and can extend life expectancy by 10-20 years. However, total colorectal resection will bring a sharp decline in the quality of life of patients. The patients will lose many abilities (working ability, social ability, fertility, etc.) from the age of 20, and the prolonged survival period also brings more misery. This, in turn, also reduces the compliance of treatment. Many patients refuse to accept surgery and turn to endoscopic treatment or even give up treatment. However, there is currently no evidence that methods other than prophylactic surgery can effectively control the risk of colorectal cancer in such patients. Therefore, how to improve treatment methods and improve the quality of life for such patients under the premise of medical quality is the current medical focus. This study intends to establish three parallel observation cohorts, namely the surgical treatment group, the intensive colonoscopy treatment group, and the autonomous monitoring group. Among them, the intensive colonoscopy treatment group will be treated with colonoscopy intensive treatment (that is, colonoscopy treatment is performed every 3 months, Carry out colorectal tumor reduction in segments, and continue to control the growth of adenomas several times) for patients who refuse surgery. During the three-year study period, the investigators observed changes in the number of adenomas, carcinogenesis, and medical expenses in each group during the 3-year study period, and compared the groups to determine whether the intensive colonoscopy therapy has the possibility of delaying or replacing preventive surgery, so as to explore ways to improve the quality of life of such patients.
In the HFNC group, patients will receive HFNC oxygen therapy for 20 minutes. Oxygen will be passed through a heated humidifier and continuously delivered through medium or large nasal cannulas (OptiflowTM, Fisher and Paykel Healthcare) depending on patient anatomy, with a gas flow of 50 litres per minute and the FiO2 will be adjusted to maintain a SpO2 between 95% and 98%.
The oil will be liquid form of 1g /capsule. 3 capsules will be administrated per day: one capsule to be swallowed with a glass of water before every major meal, 3 times a day for 21 days.
LBP is a significant global health problem, and its impact is still great. In 2019, there were 6972.5 (95% UI 6190.5 to 7860.5) age-standardized point prevalence estimates for LBP worldwide, with 568.4 million (95% UI 505.0 to 640.6 million) prevalent cases. The GBD research also revealed that LBP has a worldwide point prevalence of 9.4%, with men having a greater prevalence than women (8.7% vs. 10.1%). Back discomfort might arise as a result of mobility disorders, musculoskeletal sprains, incorrect spine positioning, or nucleus pulposus degeneration. There is huge literature regarding the management of low back pain and yet after the decades of research there are gaps in treatment options. The current study will compare the ELDOA technique to Lumbar SNAGS with motor control exercises. The current study is novel in a way that there is very limited evidence avialbale on ELDOA Technique and Motor Control Exercises. This study will provide vital insights into their efficacy and can help to guide clinical decision making for individuals with low back pain. Furthermore, this study can add to the expanding body of information regarding low back pain treatment and will help to improve patient outcomes.
Intervention patients will receive a 12-week home-based walking program, which includes a personalized instruction booklet and pedometer. The walking program consists of 3 phases and will be individualized for each patient based on their physical condition and baseline assessment. Patients are instructed to walk 3 to 5 times each week at home or other safe environment. Patients will be instructed on a gradual increase in walking time over the course of the intervention.
ZETIA is contraindicated in the following conditions:

  * The combination of ZETIA with a statin is contraindicated in patients with active liver disease or unexplained persistent elevations in hepatic transaminase levels.
  * Women who are pregnant or may become pregnant. Because statins decrease cholesterol synthesis and possibly the synthesis of other biologically active substances derived from cholesterol, ZETIA in combination with a statin may cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant women. Additionally, there is no apparent benefit to therapy during pregnancy, and safety in pregnant women has not been established. If the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus and the lack of known clinical benefit with continued use during pregnancy. [See Use in Specific Populations (8.1).]
  * Nursing mothers. Because statins may pass into breast milk, and because statins have the potential to cause serious adverse reactions in nursing infants, women who require ZETIA treatment in combination with a statin should be advised not to nurse their infants [see Use in Specific Populations (8.3)].
  * Patients with a known hypersensitivity to any component of this product. Hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis, angioedema, rash and urticaria have been reported with ZETIA [see Adverse Reactions (6.2)].
BACKGROUND: The receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) is a transmembrane receptor accelerating a pro-inflammatory signal. RAGE signalling is promoted by decreased soluble isoform of RAGE (sRAGE), which is a decoy receptor for RAGE ligands, and RAGE SNP rs2070600 minor allele. In Caucasian and Japanese cohorts, low circulatory sRAGE levels and presence of the minor allele are associated with poor survival of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and increased disease susceptibility to interstitial lung disease, respectively. However, whether sRAGE and RAGE SNP rs2070600 are associated with acute exacerbation of IPF (AE-IPF) is unclear.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study evaluated the association between the onset of AE-IPF and serum sRAGE levels in 69 German and 102 Japanese patients with IPF. The association of AE-IPF with RAGE SNP rs2070600 in 51 German and 84 Japanese patients, whose DNA samples were stored, was also investigated.
RESULTS: In each cohort, the incidence of AE-IPF was significantly and reproducibly higher in the patients with sRAGE < 467.1 pg/mL. In a pooled exploratory analysis, the incidence of AE-IPF was lowest in the patients with higher sRAGE levels and rs2070600 minor allele, although no significant difference in the incidence was observed between the patients with and without the rs2070600 minor allele.
CONCLUSIONS: Low sRAGE levels were associated with increased incidence of AE-IPF in two independent cohorts of different ethnicities. The combination of rs2070600 and sRAGE levels may stratify patients with IPF for the risk of AE.
FIELD: organic chemistry, chemical technology, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to novel substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-naphthaleneamine of the formula (I)   where R 1  and R 2  mean independently hydrogen atom, C 1-4 -alkyl, C 1-4 -alkoxyl, halogen atom, trifluoromethyl-group; R 3  means hydrogen atom, hydroxyl, C 1-4 -alkoxyl, cyano-group; carbamoyl- -group; R 4  and R 5  mean independently hydrogen atom, C 1-4 -alkyl, hydroxy-C 2-4 -alkyl or form in common with nitrogen atom to which they are bound piperidino-group as free base or salt obtained by acid addition. Method of synthesis of compound of the formula (I) involves interaction of compound of the formula (II)   with compound of the formula (III)   and synthesized compound is isolated as free base or salt obtained by acid addition. Invention relates to also a pharmaceutical composition showing anticonvulsant activity, anti-ischemic activity caused by neuronal damages and activity at conditions involving glutamate release and containing compound of the formula (I) as free base or pharmaceutically acceptable salt taken in therapeutically effective dose. EFFECT: new compounds indicated above, improved method of synthesis, valuable medicinal properties. 8 cl, 1 tbl, 1 ex
BACKGROUND: The integration of ChatGPT into nephrology presents opportunities for enhanced decision-making and patient care. However, refining its performance to meet the specific needs of nephrologists remains a challenge. This guide offers a strategic roadmap for advancing ChatGPT's effectiveness in nephrological applications.
METHODS: Utilizing the advanced capabilities of GPT-4, we customized user profiles to optimize the model's response quality for nephrological inquiries. We assessed the efficacy of chain-of-thought prompting versus standard prompting in delineating the diagnostic pathway for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus-associated hypernatremia and polyuria. Additionally, we explored the influence of integrating retrieval-augmented generation on the model's proficiency in detailing pharmacological interventions to decelerate the progression from chronic kidney disease (CKD) G3 to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), comparing it to responses without retrieval-augmented generation.
RESULTS: In contrast to the standard prompting, the chain-of-thought method offers a step-by-step diagnostic process that mirrors the intricate thought processes needed for diagnosing nephrogenic diabetes insipidus-related hypernatremia and polyuria. This begins with an initial assessment, notably including a water deprivation test. After evaluating the outcomes of this test, the approach continues by identifying potential causes. Furthermore, if a patient's history suggests lithium usage, the chain-of-thought model adjusts by proposing a more customized course of action. In response to "List medication treatment to help slow progression of CKD G3 to ESKD?", GPT-4 only provides a general summary of medication options. Nevertheless, a specialized GPT-4 model equipped with a retrieval-augmented generation system delivers more precise responses, including renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. This aligns well with the 2024 KDIGO guidelines.
CONCLUSIONS: GPT-4, when integrated with chain-of-thought prompting and retrieval-augmented generation techniques, demonstrates enhanced performance in the nephrology domain. This guide underscores the transformative potential of chain-of-thought and retrieval-augmented generation techniques in optimizing ChatGPT for nephrology, and highlights the ongoing need for innovative, tailored AI solutions in specialized medical fields.
The present invention relates to a mixing device for the production of a liquid nucleic acid composition, a hose routing comprising such mixing device, a mixing array comprising a plurality of such mixing devices and a method 5 for the production of a liquid nucleic acid composition. Further, several uses described herein are part of the present invention. The liquid nucleic acid composition may comprise at least a nanoparticle comprising a nucleic acid and a complexation partner. The mixing device comprises a first inlet tube for a first component comprising a liquid nucleic acid solution, a second inlet tube for a second component, a connecting element, and an outlet tube. The connecting element is configured to connect the first inlet tube and the second inlet tube to the outlet 0 tube. The outlet tube comprises a swirling element configured to introduce a swirling of the first component and/or the second component in the outlet tube to allow a mixing of the first component and the second component to produce the liquid nucleic acid composition.
Ticks are notorious blood-sucking ectoparasites that affect both humans and animals. They serve as a unique vector of various deadly diseases. Here, we have shown the roles of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) during repeated infestations by the tick Haemaphysalis longicornis using RAGE-/- mice. In primary infestation, a large blood pool developed, which was flooded with numerous RBCs, especially during the rapid feeding phase of the tick both in wild-type (wt) and RAGE-/- mice. Very few inflammatory cells were detected around the zones of haemorrhage in the primary infestations. However, the number of inflammatory cells gradually increased in the subsequent tick infestations, and during the third infestations, the number of inflammatory cells reached to the highest level (350.3 ± 16.8 cells/focus). The site of attachment was totally occupied by the inflammatory cells in wt mice, whereas very few cells were detected at the ticks' biting sites in RAGE-/- mice. RAGE was highly expressed during the third infestation in wt mice. In the third infestation, infiltration of CD44+ lymphocytes, eosinophils and expression of S100A8 and S100B significantly increased at the biting sites of ticks in wt, but not in RAGE-/- mice. In addition, peripheral eosinophil counts significantly increased in wt but not in RAGE-/- mice. Taken together, our study revealed that RAGE-mediated inflammation and eosinophils played crucial roles in the tick-induced inflammatory reactions.
FIELD: hygienic chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention, in particular, relates to tooth-pastes with improved cleaning effect. Composition contains agglomerates of at least two chemically and/or physically different materials in the form of specified-size particles essentially free of organic and/or inorganic binders. Including materials having favorable therapeutic effect on teeth and gums, such as zinc citrate, has advantage of making material release from agglomerates thereby ensuring supply of material for prolonged time. Agglomerates have "grain" feel indicative of better cleaning and polishing of teeth. EFFECT: improved tooth cleaning. 10 cl, 12 tbl, 5 ex
Danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are elevated within the amniotic cavity, and their increases correlate with advancing gestational age, chorioamnionitis, and labor. Although the specific triggers for their release in utero remain unclear, it is thought that they may contribute to the initiation of parturition by influencing cellular stress mechanisms that make the fetal membranes (FMs) more susceptible to rupture. DAMPs induce inflammation in many different tissue types. Indeed, they precipitate the subsequent release of several proinflammatory cytokines that are known to be key for the weakening of FMs. Previously, we have shown that in vitro stretch of human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs) induces a cellular stress response that increases high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) secretion. We have also shown that cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) induces a cytokine response in FM explants that is fetal sex-specific. Therefore, the aim of this work was to further investigate the link between stretch and the DAMPs HMGB1 and cffDNA in the FM. These data show that stretch increases the level of cffDNA released from hAECs. It also confirms the importance of the sex of the fetus by demonstrating that female cffDNA induced more cellular stress than male fetuses. Our data treating hAECs and human amnion mesenchymal cells with HMGB1 show that it has a differential effect on the ability of the cells of the amnion to upregulate the proinflammatory cytokines and propagate a proinflammatory signal through the FM that may weaken it. Finally, our data show that sulforaphane (SFN), a potent activator of Nrf2, is able to mitigate the proinflammatory effects of stretch by decreasing the levels of HMGB1 release and ROS generation after stretch and modulating the increase of key cytokines after cell stress. HMGB1 and cffDNA are two of the few DAMPs that are known to induce cytokine release and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activation in the FMs; thus, these data support the general thesis that they can function as potential central players in the normal mechanisms of FM weakening during the normal distension of this tissue at the end of a normal pregnancy.
Process for producing alpha-glucanhydrolases fermentation of Penicillum purpurogenum var. rubisclerotium Thom., esp. ATCC 22,964, in a nutrient medium containing an alpha-glucan inducer. The enzymes are stated to be new. More efficient process for highly active enzymes useful in the lysis of human dental plaque and so reduce the incidence of dental caries. They may also be used in production of low m.wt. dextrans for use as blood substitutes and to break up pipe blockages in e.g. sugar refineries. ACTIVITY Artificial dental plaque was deposited on nicke-chrome plates by fermentation of a suitable organism in a tryptone/yeast medium. The coated plates, when immersed in Ph 4 buffer containing 1 mu/ml. of alpha-glucan-hydrolase at 37 degrees C, were cleared by lysis of the plaque in a few hours.
Systemic and cerebral inflammatory responses are implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and associated metabolic impairment. While the NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been linked to obesity-associated inflammation, whether it contributes to the development or maintenance of obesity is unknown. We provide support for a direct role of saturated fatty acids, such as palmitic acid, as NLRP3 activating stimuli in obese states. To investigate whether NLRP3 activation contributes to the pathogenesis of diet-induced obesity (DIO) in mice, we tested two different clinical-stage NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors. We demonstrate a contributory role of this key inflammasome to established obesity and associated systemic and cerebral inflammation. By comparing their effects to calorie restriction, we aimed to identify specific NLRP3-sensitive mechanisms contributing to obesity-induced inflammation (as opposed to be those regulated by weight loss per se). In addition, a direct comparison of an NLRP3 inhibitor to a glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonist, semaglutide (Wegovy), in the DIO model allowed an appreciation of the relative efficacy of these two therapeutic strategies on obesity, its associated systemic inflammatory response, and cerebral gliosis. We show that two structurally distinct, NLRP3 inhibitors, NT-0249 and NT-0796, reverse obesity in the DIO mouse model and that brain exposure appears necessary for efficacy. In support of this, we show that DIO-driven hypothalamic glial fibrillary acidic protein expression is blocked by dosing with NT-0249/NT-0796. While matching weight loss driven by semaglutide or calorie restriction, remarkably, NLRP3 inhibition provided enhanced improvements in disease-relevant biomarkers of acute phase response, cardiovascular inflammation, and lipid metabolism. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Obesity is a global health concern that predisposes individuals to chronic disease such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease at least in part by promoting systemic inflammation. We report that in mice fed a high-fat, obesogenic diet, obesity is reversed by either of two inhibitors of the intracellular inflammatory mediator NLRP3. Furthermore, NLRP3 inhibition reduces both hypothalamic gliosis and circulating biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk beyond what can be achieved by either the glucagon like peptide-1 agonist semaglutide or calorie restriction alone.