anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Treating PDAC patients with gemcitabine and one TT booster Gemcitabine will be delivered as is standard of care. However, doses may be modified by the treating physician based on patient tolerance. Patients diagnosed with PDAC will be treated with Gemcitabine and boosted once with the human childhood vaccine to TT by Dr. Chuy as outlined in Fig 2. Gemcitabine will be administered on days 1, 8, 15 every 28 days, and one booster with the human TT childhood vaccine will be administered on day 8 (there must be 2 hrs between the TT booster and the Gemcitabine treatment). Blood will be drawn just before each Gemcitabine treatment, except on day 8 at least 2 hrs will be needed between the blood draw and Gemcitabine treatment because the TT booster needs to be given just after the blood draw but 2 hrs before the Gemcitabine treatment (Fig 2). Three tubes of 10 mls each with heparinized blood will be needed for the isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Two tubes will be used to analyze the T cells and one tube for analyzing the MDSC. The memory T cells and MDSC will be analyzed in the laboratory of Dr. Gravekamp.
Individuals with differing forms of skeletal dysplasias (SD) frequently report impaired mobility and symptoms. With the objetive to evaluate mobility and associated symptoms in people with SD at an Argentinian pediatric hospital, using an Argentinian version of the Screening Tool for Everyday Mobility and Symptoms (STEMS), a simple questionnaire that allows clinicians to quickly identify the presence of symptoms associated with mobility in people with SD, while considering different environmental settings and the use of assistive devices, an analytical study of a consecutive sample of patients older than 5 years with SD and their affected relatives was carried out.Diagnosis, comorbidities, socioenvironmental, therapeutic, auxological and mobility variables were recorded. The presence and intensity of symptoms was noted through use of both the STEMS and validated scales. Descriptive, association and correlation analyzes were performed. One hundred and nineteen individuals with SD were enrolled in the study and divided into groups: Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI, n = 55), Achondroplasia (ACH, n = 36) and Other SD resulting in disproportionate short stature (n = 28). Mobility assistive devices were almost exclusively used by individuals with OI. They were more frequently used by individuals with overweight and obesity, more severe form of the disease and in the outdoor settings. Two thirds (66.4%) of the individuals assessed in this study reported pain, 87.4% reported fatigue, and 58.8% reported both pain and fatigue. The intensity of symptoms was similar between groups and correlated with age and auxological variables. The STEMS was clear, easy and quick to use for identifying presence of pain and fatigue in this population group. The STEMS proved to be a simple and useful tool for evaluating functional mobility and associated symptoms in our population of individuals with SD.
The online mental health program of 8 sessions is provided. Data collection was collected pre-, post-, and one month after the program.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the production yield of emulsion containing seamless capsule by discharging an emulsion containing dispersing elements, of which the average particle diameter is a specified value, from the inside nozzle of multiple nozzles, of which the diameters are successively increased, discharging liquid for film formation from the outside nozzle, forming multilayer liquid drops and hardening them. SOLUTION: While using the multiple nozzles such as triple nozzles, for example, of which the diameters are successively increased, the liquid for film formation is supplied and discharged to an inlet 4 of an outer-most nozzle 3. An oil component is supplied and discharged from an inlet 5 of an intermediate nozzle 2 and emulsion containing liquid is supplied and discharged from an inlet 6 of an inner-most nozzle 1 respectively so that the multilayer liquid drops can be formed. These drops are hardened into the emulsion containing seamless capsule. The emulsion is formed by dispersing the dispersing element, of which the average particle diameter is smaller than 10μm, into an anionic surface-active agent, etc. A film forming object is not specially limited when it is a material to be hardened or gelled by a means such as cooling.
Remimazolam tosylate is a novel benzodiazepine drug that can be used for gastrointestinal sedation. However, some studies have reported that the sedative effect of using remimazolam alone is poor, and the patient's body movements are obvious, which affects the operation of endoscopists. Propofol, as a commonly used sedative drug, has good sedative effects, but has a high incidence of adverse events, especially cardiovascular system inhibition. Therefore, this study will explore the effective dose of remimazolam combined with propofol, reduce the adverse events of propofol and increase the sedative efficacy of remimazolam. This study only set up one study group, fixed the dosage of propofol, adjusted the dosage of Remimazolam to meet the appropriate sedation requirements for patients. Patients with successful sedation were judged to have a negative reaction, while patients with failed sedation were judged to have a positive reaction. A sequential chart was drawn based on the sedation situation until 7 positive negative reaction intersections were found, and the study ended
In this arm, patients will receive no maintenance vitamin D prior to ASCT. Within 120 days after ASCT the following will be assessed: vitamin D level, ORR, and MRD. Then patients will receive the standard lenalidomide dose along with no maintenance vitamin D.
Corneal blindness affects more than 5 million individuals, with over 180,000 corneal transplantations (CTs) performed annually. In high-risk CTs, almost all grafts are rejected within 10 years. Here, we investigated adeno-associated virus (AAV) ex vivo gene therapy to establish immune tolerance in the corneal allograft to prevent high-risk CT rejection. Our previous work has demonstrated that HLA-G contributes to ocular immune privilege by inhibiting both immune cells and neovascularization; however, homodimerization is a rate-limiting step for optimal HLA-G function. Therefore, a chimeric protein called single-chain immunomodulator (scIM), was engineered to mimic the native activity of the secreted HLA-G dimer complex and eliminate the need for homodimerization. In a murine corneal burn model, AAV8-scIM significantly reduced corneal vascularization and fibrosis. Next, ex vivo AAV8-scIM gene delivery to corneal allografts was evaluated in a high-risk CT rejection rabbit model. All scIM-treated corneas were well tolerated and transparent after 42 days, while 83% of vehicle-treated corneas were rejected. Histologically, AAV-scIM-treated corneas were devoid of immune cell infiltration and vascularization, with minimal fibrosis at the host-graft interface. The data collectively demonstrate that scIM gene therapy prevents corneal neovascularization, reduces trauma-induced corneal fibrosis, and prevents allogeneic CT rejection in a high-risk large animal model.
BACKGROUND: The impact of changes in physical activity after ischemic stroke (IS) on the subsequent myocardial infarction (MI) risk is not fully understood. We aimed to investigate the effects of changes in physical activity on the risk of MI after acute IS using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Services Database.
METHODS: 224,764 patients newly diagnosed with IS between 2010 and 2016 who underwent two serial biannual health checkups were included. The participants were divided into four categories according to changes in their physical activity: persistent non-exercisers, new exercisers, exercise dropouts, and exercise maintainers. The primary outcome was a new diagnosis of incident MI. Multivariable Cox proportional models were used to assess the effects of changes in exercise habits on the risk of MI.
RESULTS: After a median of 4.25 years of follow-up, 6,611 (2.94%) MI cases were observed. After adjusting for confounders, new exercisers and exercise maintainers were significantly associated with a lower risk of incident MI than persistent non-exercisers (aHR, 0.849; 95% CI, 0.792-0.911; P-value < 0.001; and aHR, 0.746; 95% CI, 0.696-0.801; P-value < 0.001, respectively). Effects were consistent across sexes, more pronounced in those > 65 years. Notably, any level of physical activity after stroke was associated with a reduced MI risk compared to no exercise.
CONCLUSIONS: In this nationwide cohort study, commencing or sustaining physical activity after an IS corresponded to a diminished likelihood of subsequent MI development. Advocating physical activity in ambulatory stroke survivors could potentially attenuate the prospective risk of MI.
The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is on the rise worldwide. Moreover, many patients who progress to ESRD, even with regular nephrology follow-up, do not have a distinct plan at the time of initiating dialysis therapy, resulting in an urgent need for dialysis. Urgent-start dialysis refers to urgent initiation of dialysis for ESRD patients with no pre-established functional vascular access or peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter. Hemodialysis (HD) is preferred in most centers with a high rate of central venous catheter (CVC) use at the time of initiating dialysis among HD patients. There is a significantly increased risk of infectious complications, thrombosis, and other complications associated with CVC use which negatively affects patient prognosis. Within the last decade, urgent-start PD has gained considerable interest amongst nephrologists. Several publications have provided assurances that urgent-start PD is indeed feasible and can serve patients well; however, most of the studies have small sample sizes, and the impact of the urgent-start dialysis modality on outcome, especially on short-term complications, has not been directly evaluated. Therefore, we conducted this multicenter, prospective, randomized clinical trial to compare the dialysis-related complications and survival rate directly between urgent-start PD and HD groups with a large sample to determine the feasibility and safety of urgent-start PD as an alternate initial modality of dialysis for patients who require urgent initiation of dialysis therapy.
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) groups. They are disproportionately found to have a higher rate of premature myocardial infarction (MI). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research were queried to identify premature MI deaths (female <65 years and male <55 years) occurring within the United States between 1999 and 2020. We investigated proportionate mortality trends related to premature MI in AI/ANs stratified by gender. Deaths attributed to acute MI (AMI) were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes I21 to I22. We compared the proportional mortality rate because of premature MI with that of a non-AI/AN racial group, which comprised all other races (Blacks, Whites, and Asian/Pacific Islander populations). In AI/ANs, we analyzed a total of 14,055 AMI deaths, of which 3,211 were premature MI deaths corresponding to a proportionate mortality rate of 22.8% (male 20.8%, female 26.2%). The non-AI/AN population had a lower proportionate mortality of 14.8% (male 13.7%, female 16%), p <0.01). On trend analysis, there was no significant improvement over time in the proportionate mortality of AI/ANs (19.8% in 1999 to 21.7% in 2020, p = 0.09). Upon comparison of gender, proportionate mortality of premature MI in women showed a statistically nonsignificant increase from 21.6% in 1999 to 27.3% in 2020 [average annual percent change of 0.7, p = 0.06)]. However, men had a statistically significant decrease in proportionate mortality of premature MI from 18.5% in 1999 to 18.2% in 2020 [average annual percent change of -0.8, p = 0.01)]. AI/ANs have an alarmingly higher rate of proportionate mortality of premature MI than that of other races, with no improvement in the proportionate mortality rates over 20 years, despite an overall downtrend in AMI mortality. Further research to address the reasons for the lack of improvement in premature MI is needed to improve outcomes in this patient population.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an established therapy for treatment-resistant depression. Currently, the FDA cleared the SAINT Neuromodulation System for the treatment of Treatment-Resistant Depression(TRD) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). This methodology has been effective in a short period of time for treatment-resistant depression. However, some patients may not be able to persist in completing the treatment because they cannot bear the pain during treatment. The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) region is relatively posterior, and DMPFC as an intervention target has been proven to have antidepressant effects, and patients have better pain tolerance during treatment, which can be used as an alternative to DLPFC target, so it is urgent to explore the effectiveness and safety of high-dose iTBS targeting DMPFC in the treatment of depression.

After being informed about the study and potential risks. All patients giving written informed consent will undergo a screening period to determine eligibility for study entry. At week 0, patients who meet the eligibility requirements will be randomized in a blind manner in a 2:1 ratio to the active-rTMS group, and sham-rTMS group. Then all participants will undergo a 5-day rTMS modulation followed by two-week and four-week follow-up visits. Participants will keep a stable treatment regime during treatment and the four-week follow-up.
A method is described for generating a prediction of a disease classification error for a magnified, digital microscope slide image of a tissue sample. The image is composed of a multitude of patches or tiles of pixel image data. An out-of-focus degree per patch is computed using a machine learning out-of-focus classifier. Data representing expected disease classifier error statistics of a machine learning disease classifier for a plurality of out-of-focus degrees is retrieved. A mapping of the expected disease classifier error statistics to each of the patches of the digital microscope slide image based on the computed out-of-focus degree per patch is computed, thereby generating a disease classifier error prediction for each of the patches. The disease classifier error predictions thus generated are aggregated over all of the patches.
Incorrect, unnecessary, ineffective and high-cost drug use is a significant problem all over the world. The adherence of patients to the treatment recommended by the healthcare professional depends on the improvement of their knowledge, attitudes and behaviours about rational drug use (RDU) in the correct direction. There is a need for educational interventions that will increase the knowledge and awareness of the society on this matter and encourage RDU. This study was conducted in Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Family Medicine Training Unit to evaluate the effect of RDU education in individuals aged 45-74 years who were continuously taking medication. In this non-randomised matched controlled intervention study, participants who met the criteria were non-randomly divided into two groups (research and control arm). Firstly, volunteers for the research arm started to be included in the study. According to the distribution of gender, age groups and education levels of the research arm, a one-to-one matching was made to the control arm in terms of these qualifications. In this way, the effects of three possible confounding variables for the two arms were controlled through group matching. In the first visit, data were collected from the research and control arms with questionnaire forms including sociodemographic information and the Rational Drug Use Scale (RDUS). In the first visit after the completion of the questionnaire form, each individual in the research arm was given individual-patient education on rational drug use and patient brochure by the researcher. The control arm received no educational intervention and was not given a brochure at the first visit. The final visit was conducted with both the research and control arms 3 months after the first visit of each individual. The effect of the educational intervention on RDU was evaluated with the RDUS. In this visit, the individuals in the control arm were also given a patient brochure in line with the 'principle of equality'.
The purpose of this study is to understand the therapeutic mechanisms of varenicline, a novel nicotinic analogue, through focused measures of potential psychological and physiological mediators. Varenicline is an FDA-approved pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation that is believed to provide relief from craving and withdrawal through agonism and antagonism of some central nervous system nicotinic acetylcholinergic receptors. However, no controlled studies have established the physiological and psychological processes that mediate the efficacy of varenicline in humans. The main goal of the proposed pilot study is to evaluate and compare the effects of varenicline on subjective, cognitive, and physiological outcomes, using a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind between-groups design. The study will combine both brief clinical trial methodology with human laboratory approaches. A secondary goal is to validate the utility of the laboratory paradigms for the identification of future smoking cessation agents.
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), a subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL), is associated with unique clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical features. The peripheral circulation might show presence of an occasional reactive plasma cell but significant plasmacytosis masquerading as plasma cell leukemia is rare. We report a case of AITL in a 42-year-old male, who presented with two-month history of generalized lymphadenopathy. On investigations, he had hypergammaglobulinemia and plasmacytosis in the peripheral blood and bone marrow masquerading as plasma cell leukemia. Immunohistochemistry and serum protein electrophoresis revealed polyclonal nature of plasma cells. Diagnosis of AITL was made on cervical lymph node biopsy. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge faced due to heterogeneity in the clinical presentation and pathological findings and to alert the clinician so that timely accurate diagnosis can be made to initiate the treatment.
Osteitis pubis (OP) is a rare, inflammatory disorder that affects the pubic bone, symphysis, and adjacent structures. OP is reported after urological and gynecological surgeries and documented in athletes. OP is a self-limiting condition, but sometimes symptoms may persist for a long time. Conservative modalities are generally able to treat OP. Here we report a patient treated with a steroid injection under fluoroscopy guidance. A 63-year-old male patient developed pelvic pain after prostate surgery, and the pain was intractable to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. He underwent a steroid injection under fluoroscopy, and his pain affecting daily living activities and walking was eased for three months.
BACKGROUND: Pathological myopia (PM) is a major cause of worldwide blindness and represents a serious threat to eye health globally. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods are gaining traction in ophthalmology as highly sensitive and specific tools for screening and diagnosis of many eye diseases. However, there is currently a lack of high-quality evidence for their use in the diagnosis of PM.
METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies evaluating the diagnostic performance of AI-based tools in PM was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidance. Five electronic databases were searched, results were assessed against the inclusion criteria and a quality assessment was conducted for included studies. Model sensitivity and specificity were pooled using the DerSimonian and Laird (random-effects) model. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed.
RESULTS: Of 1021 citations identified, 17 studies were included in the systematic review and 11 studies, evaluating 165,787 eyes, were included in the meta-analysis. The area under the summary receiver operator curve (SROC) was 0.9905. The pooled sensitivity was 95.9% [95.5%-96.2%], and the overall pooled specificity was 96.5% [96.3%-96.6%]. The pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) for detection of PM was 841.26 [418.37-1691.61].
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review and meta-analysis provides robust early evidence that AI-based, particularly deep-learning based, diagnostic tools are a highly specific and sensitive modality for the detection of PM. There is potential for such tools to be incorporated into ophthalmic public health screening programmes, particularly in resource-poor areas with a substantial prevalence of high myopia.
We present a novel report of abundance of halophilic Vibrio alginolyticus with thermotolerant and enterotoxigenic characteristics from community water system of an inland-focus of India causing diarrheal outbreak as an index pathogen. Though, Vibrio alginolyticus causing diarrhea after exposure to marine water and consumption of seafood was reported globally, its existence in non-saline drinking-water sources with pathogenic viability was unknown. A 'matched-pair-case-control' study identified the primary source of V. alginolyticus infection as 'tap-water' distributed by the municipality, used for drinking (MOR: 8.33; 95% CI 2.51-27.6) and household chores (MOR: 3.75; 95% CI 1.24-11.3). Cardinal toxin gene 'tdh' and other pathogenicity markers viz.tlh, vppC, toxR, VPI, T3SS1 and sxt were detected in V. alginolyticus isolates. Expression potential of the hemolytic genes are demonstrated by hemolysis assay and transcriptome analysis. Altogether 30.55% of isolates exhibited strong hemolytic potential in vitro. RT-PCR revealed uninterrupted virulence gene expression in outbreak strains under heat stress. Surprisingly, ~ 100% of V. alginolyticus from the outbreak focus were sensitive/partially sensitive to all group of antibiotics except β-lactums, carbapenem and quinolones. High drug-sensitivity suggested lack of previous human gut exposure and indicated a fresh dissemination from the environmental niche to the community domain. The maximum likelihood phylogeny depicted multiple clades in V. alginolyticus strains from Pan India sources. Isolated outbreak strains shared common ancestry with the strains from nearby riverine system, a source of 'drinking water' supplied to the affected community, confirming its environmental origin. V. alginolyticus, traditionally a fish-pathogen, is steadily gaining an emerging epidemiological relevance alongside other waterborne diarrheagenic bacteria and its 'thermotolerant' attribute poses additional threat under the canvas of climate change.
SP-VATS Arm: 145 patients, single-port anatomical pulmonary resection was performed using VATS. A 4-cm incision will be made at 5th intercostal space on the anterior or posterior axillary line. A chest tube will be inserted in same incision.