anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE:To obtain a solid drug having excellent disintegrability and compression moldability, in high workability in the preparation of the drug, by carboxymethylating an acid-hydrolyzed cellulose, adding the obtained specific CMC powder to a composition containing an active component, and forming the mixture in the form of a drug. CONSTITUTION:CMC powder obtained by the carboxymethylation of an acid- hydrolyzed cellulose (e.g. wood pulp, linter, etc.) or CMC powder obtained by the hydrolysis of CMC-alkali metal salt or CMC with an acid, is added to a drug composition. The CMC powder has a bulk density of 400-800g/l and an angle of repose of 35-45 deg.. The bulk density is higher and the angle of repose is smaller than those of commercially available CMC (NS-300), and furthermore, the powfer fluidity is excellent compared with the conventional CMC. The substitution degree of carboxymethyl group is preferably 0.2-1.0. When the CMC of the present invention is used as a disintegrant, the powder fluidity can be maintained to high level even at a high rate of addition, and the filling to the tableting machine can be carried out smoothly without causing the bridging phenomenon.
This is a clinical trial designed as a comparative, randomized, single-blinded intervention study. Patients will be recruited from wards and radiotherapy sector of the Ribeirão Preto Clinical Hospital - Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP). Initially, patients aged 50 years or older with cancer in palliative care will be evaluated to assess the prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome using Travel and Simons' diagnostic criteria and for the following variables: demographic characteristics, functional status (Palliative Performance Scale), pain intensity (visual analog scale and pain threshold measurement with a pressure gauge), prognostic score (Palliative Prognosis Score), depression and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), quality of life (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 15 PAL) and analgesic drugs in use. The participants that (1) accomplish the Travel and Simons' diagnostic criteria for myofascial pain syndrome, (2) have performance status on the Karnofsky scale of 30 or more, and (3) have pain intensity on visual analog scale of 5 or more will be randomized for the clinical trial. The sample size calculation resulted in 15 participants for each group, totaling a sample composed of 30 patients. The intervention group will be submitted to the trigger point injection procedure with 1% lidocaine, and the control group will receive usual care, defined as the treatment for pain prescribed by their assistant doctors. Both groups will be reevaluated after 72 hours and 1 week after the procedure. In the analysis statistics, chi-square test (or Fisher's exact test) will be used to evaluate categorical variables. For the comparison between the groups at each moment (before and after intervention) will be used the linear mixed effects model. The significance level established was \<0.05. SAS Statistical Software (version 9.3; SAS Institute, Inc. Cary , NC) will be used for the analysis.
Lung involvement is the leading cause of death among patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Treatment with immunosuppression drugs helps in retarding the progression of interstitial lung disease (ILD) and improves the morbidity and mortality among these patients. Presently, cyclophosphamide has been shown to be useful in stabilizing the lung functions among patients of systemic sclerosis with ILD. But use of cyclophosphamide is also associated with many adverse effects including infections, cytopenias, gonadal dysfunction and malignancies. Use of oral mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in SSc-ILD in recent studies has been shown to be effective in retarding progression of ILD among these patients with a better side effect profile compared to cyclophosphamide. Contemporary expert opinion dictates that the treatment for SSc-ILD needs to be individualized. Generally, intense immunosuppression is required in patients with FVC \<70% of the predicted. In patients with FVC \>70% of the predicted, the need for high dose immunosuppression is not clear and varies from center-to-center. The present study is designed to determine the efficacy of oral MMF in patients with SSc related early ILD. The subjects in this study will be given either oral MMF or placebo and will be monitored for their response and adverse events. Informed consent will be taken from the subjects before including in the study.
A therapeutic composition comprises an acid absorbing resin having adsorbed thereon an anion of para-aminosalicylic acid.  The resin may be a weak base acid adsorbing resin (such as a polyamine resin having primary, secondary or tertiary amino groups), a strong base acid adsorbing resin (such as a quaternary ammonium anion exchange resin) or an anion exchange resin treated with a dilute solution of a soluble aluminium salt.  Specified resins include the amine-aldehyde and amine-ketone condensates, m-phenylenediamine-formaldehyde condensates, amine-polysaccharide resins, ethanolamine alkyd resins, resins prepared from alkylated aromatic diamines, and aromatic diamines both unmodified and modified by incorporation into the resin structure during preparation alkyl groups to form quaternary ammonium bases.  Amine resins co-condensed with polyamines or polyimines, or modified during preparation with cyanamide or dicyandiamide, acid adsorbing modified phenolic resins, reaction products of polyhalogen hydrocarbons with aliphatic polyamines and polystyrenes containing primary, secondary and tertiary amine substituents may also be used. Flavours and coloring materials, clay, bentonite, magnesium oxide, aluminium oxide, aluminium phosphates, basic aluminium amino acetate, bismuth sub-oxide, bismuth and zirconium subcarbonates, methyl cellulose, gastric mucin, carboxy methyl cellulose, sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, sulphated gluten, naturally occurring gums and mucilages, gelatin, amino acids and their salts, peptones, peptides and other compatible materials may be added to the compositions.  In an example p-aminosalicylic acid is added to a suspension in 1 : 1 ethanol water of a polyethylene polyamine methylene substituted resin of diphenylol dimethyl methane and formaldehyde.  The complex is washed with acetone and dried.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject face lipid-sweeping paper that shows visually the degree of lipid removal from the skin by drawing a pattern obtained by coagulation of plant fiber pulp and inorganic filler which disappears when it absorbs lipid, on the paper. SOLUTION: The objective lipid-sweeping paper is obtained by drawing a pattern that disappear, when it absorbs skin lipid, on the paper. This pattern is a coagulant that is made of (A) plant fiber pulp and of (B) an inorganic filler as talc or kaolin clay and unevenly distributed on the paper and held by the lamination of a protective layer mainly comprising the component A therewith. The coagulation of the components A and B can be caused by a water-soluble macromolecule. In the case of talc, polyethylene oxide or sodium polyacrylate, while in the case of kaolin, polyacrylamide or sodium polyacrylate is used. In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of components A to B is 1/1-1/15.
The invention discloses plaster for treating osteoarthritis and phymatosis. The plaster is prepared by using dozens of Chinese herbal medicines such as honeysuckle, angelica and stigma croci. The plaster has main functions of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, dispelling wind and eliminating dampness, anti-inflammation and detumescence, softening hardness to dissipate stagnation and is used for treating pains caused by various cancers. The plaster is widely applicable and has quite fine curative effect for various inner joint diseases. The plaster becomes effective fast, evident effect can be achieved after the plaster is applied for two or three days. The plaster is stable in curative effective and low in recurrence rate. Symptoms are treated fast and long-term permanent cure is achieved.
Compositions for enhanced UV-protective agents that increase immuno-responsiveness by providing cytoprotective additives for mammalian skin by ensuring avoidance from endocrine disrupting agents are described. A composition comprising: (a) at least one inorganic non-endocrine disrupting sun-blocking agent or organic non-endocrine disrupting sunscreen agent, (b) at least one non-endocrine disrupting emollient or mixtures thereof and (c) an optional oil component comprising a carrier oil, preferably an essential oil of a naturally occuring substance and a method of making this and other embodiments of similar compositions of the same invention is detailed. Inorganic component (a) is titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, silica or silicon dioxide, fluoropolymers or mixtures thereof. Organic component (a) is butylmethoxy dibenzoylmethane. The non-endocrine disrupting component (b) is cold-processed  Aloe barbadensis  Miller, which contains a glucose-rich mannose-containing oligosaccharide or oligosaccharides, or a fatty acid salt such as sodium stearate. The compositions are shown to be capable of protecting skin and mammalian health from the harmful effects of radiation including ultraviolet light or sunlight by inhibiting the loss of skin immunocompetency and eliminating any known or suspected endocrine disrupting agents normally utilized as sun protective agents.
BACKGROUND: The Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response (MPDSR) was introduced in Kenya in 2016 and implemented at Kiambu Level 5 Hospital (KL5H) three years later in 2019. During a routine MPDSR meeting at KL5H, committee members identified a possible link between the off-label use of 200mcg misoprostol tablets divided eight times to achieve the necessary dose for labour induction (25mcg) and maternal deaths. Following this, an administrative decision was made to switch from misoprostol to dinoprostone for the induction of labour in June of 2019. This study aimed to assess the overall impact of MPDSR as well as the effect of replacing misoprostol with dinoprostone on uterine rupture, maternal and neonatal deaths at KL5H.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women who gave birth at KL5H between January 2018 and December 2020. We defined the pre-intervention period as January 2018-June 2019, and the intervention period as July 2019-December 2020. We randomly selected the records of 411 mothers, 167 from the pre-intervention period and 208 from the intervention period, all of whom were induced. We used Bayes-Poisson Generalised Linear Models to fit the risk of uterine rupture, maternal and perinatal death. 12 semi-structured key person questionnaires was used to describe staff perspectives regarding the switch from misoprostol to dinoprostone. Inductive and deductive data analysis was done to capture the salient emerging themes.
RESULTS: We reviewed 411 patient records and carried out 12 key informant interviews. Mothers induced with misoprostol (IRR = 3.89; CI = 0.21-71.6) had an increased risk of death while mothers were less likely to die if they were induced with dinoprostone (IRR = 0.23; CI = 0.01-7.12) or had uterine rupture (IRR = 0.56; CI = 0.02-18.2). The risk of dying during childbearing increased during Jul 2019-Dec 2020 (IRR = 5.43, CI = 0.68-43.2) when the MPDSR activities were strengthened. Induction of labour (IRR = 1.01; CI = 0.06-17.1) had no effect on the risk of dying from childbirth in our setting. The qualitative results exposed that maternity unit staff preferred dinoprostone to misoprostol as it was thought to be more effective (fewer failed inductions) and safer, regardless of being more expensive compared to misoprostol.
CONCLUSION: While the period immediately following the implementation of MPDSR at KL5H was associated with an increased risk of death, the switch to dinoprostone for labour induction was associated with a lower risk of maternal and perinatal death. The use of dinoprostone, however, was linked to an increased risk of uterine rupture, possibly attributed to reduced labour monitoring given that staff held the belief that it is inherently safer than misoprostol. Consequently, even though the changeover was warranted, further investigation is needed to determine the reasons behind the rise in maternal mortalities, even though the MPDSR framework appeared to have been put in place to quell such an increase.
Thirteen unilateral TKA and fifteen bilateral TKA patients were included in the study. All patients were operated in a well-described fast-track setup without use of drains or tourniquet.21 A standard midline skin incision with a medial para-patellar capsulotomy was used. All patients were operated with cemented CR components. In bilateral TKA cases, both knees were operated in one setting with the left knee always being operated first, and the second knee being operated sequentially in the same setting immediately following closure of the first knee. Patients undergoing unilateral TKA received spinal anesthesia with 2 mL 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine, whereas patients scheduled for bilateral TKA received spinal anaesthesia with 3 mL 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine. Local infiltration anesthesia was performed as previously described with 200 mL 0.2% ropivacaine (400 mg) mixed with 1 mL 1 mg/mL epinephrine injected periarticularly in each knee. The first 50 mL were injected into the posterior capsule, 100 mL were injected into medial, anterior and lateral structures of the knee and capsule and the final 50 mL were injected in the subcutaneous tissue. All patients were mobilized on the day of surgery and thromboembolic prophylaxis started 6-8 hours postoperatively with rivaroxaban tablets (10 mg) given once daily until discharge. No extended thromboembolic prophylaxis was given to any patient. All patient received 1 g intravenous tranexamic acid preoperatively and 1 g 3 hours postoperatively.

Preoperative blood samples were taken within a week of surgery including electrolytes, hemoglobin and serum creatinine levels. Baseline blood sample was taken just before incision of the first knee, and additional blood samples were drawn at 1, 5, 30 and 60 minutes as well as 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours after incision following unilateral TKA and at 1, 5, 30 minutes after the incision of the first knee and 0, 5 and 15 minutes after incision of the second knee as well as after 1,2, 4 8 and 24 hours (total 9 and 12 timepoints within 24 hours for unilateral and bilateral TKA, respectively). Patient demographics were recorded and included age, gender, height and weight.

Ropivacaine measurement Ropivacaine concentrations were determined in plasma samples using liquid-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry following a fully validated method
PURPOSE:To produce a preserving solution for suppressing reduction in sodium and increase in potassium in plasma and increase in liberated hemoglobin followed by hemolysis, by adding glycerin and mannitol to an anticoagulant solution containing citric acid, sodium citrate and glucose. CONSTITUTION:An anticoagulant solution containing citric acid, sodium citrate and glucose is incorporated with glycerin and mannitol. The amounts of glycerin and mannitol are amounts to give 0.5-1.5w/v% glycerin and 0.2-1.0w/v% mannitol when blood or blood preparation is added to the solution. Preferably the preserving solution is further mixed with a substance (e.g. sodium phosphate) to become a metabolic energy source for blood or blood cell of blood preparation and a substance (e.g. adenine or adenosine) to maintain function of erythrocyte progressing deterioration with preservation. The preserving solution is added to blood or blood preparation and preserved at 0-2 deg.C lower temperature than a conventional preservation temperature preferably using a container having gas permeability.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled composition having ODT effect and forming a clear coating film useful for the administration of drug for the circulatory system, etc., by compounding a lower alcohol with hydroxypropyl cellulose having a specific viscosity and a polyhydric alcohol or a polyether. CONSTITUTION:The titled composition is prepared by compounding a lower alcohol selected from ethanol, propanol and isopropanol, with hydroxypropyl cellulose and a polyhydric alcohol and/or a polyol polyether. The hydroxypropyl cellulose is preferably the one having a viscosity of 1-500cps at 20 deg.C in the form of 2% aqueous solution. The amount of water is preferably <=20wt% based on hydroxypropyl cellulose to impart the composition with rapid-drying property. The composition has ODT effect to the drug component of e.g. antipyretic, ananalgesic and anti-inflammatory agent, antispasmodic agent, cardiotonic agent, etc., and furthermore, it is soluble in water and can be removed easily from the skin.
AIMS: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Atherosclerotic lesions show increased levels of proteins associated with the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) pathway. However, the functional significance and mechanisms governed by FGFR signalling in AS are not known. In the present study, we investigated fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) signalling in AS development and progression.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Examination of human atherosclerotic lesions and aortas of Apoe-/- mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) showed increased levels of FGFR1 in macrophages. We deleted myeloid-expressed Fgfr1 in Apoe-/- mice and showed that Fgfr1 deficiency reduces atherosclerotic lesions and lipid accumulations in both male and female mice upon HFD feeding. These protective effects of myeloid Fgfr1 deficiency were also observed when mice with intact FGFR1 were treated with FGFR inhibitor AZD4547. To understand the mechanistic basis of this protection, we harvested macrophages from mice and show that FGFR1 is required for macrophage inflammatory responses and uptake of oxidized LDL. RNA sequencing showed that FGFR1 activity is mediated through phospholipase-C-gamma (PLCγ) and the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) but is independent of FGFR substrate 2.
CONCLUSION: Our study provides evidence of a new FGFR1-PLCγ-NF-κB axis in macrophages in inflammatory AS, supporting FGFR1 as a potentially therapeutic target for AS-related diseases.
The benefits of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in HIV-negative postmenopausal women include the abatement of menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, insomnia, mood changes, vaginal dryness, urogenital and skin changes, and memory loss. HRT may also decrease risk for primary cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, colon cancer, and possibly Alzheimer's disease and age-related macular degeneration. There may also be an overall survival benefit for HIV-negative postmenopausal women taking hormone replacement therapy. Despite the potential benefits of postmenopausal hormone replacement, it is seldom used in HIV-infected postmenopausal women. One concern about HRT in HIV-infected women is the potential for interaction with antiretroviral (ARV) drugs. Although the effect of HRT on ARV drug levels is likely to be small, it is important to evaluate the safety of administering HRT concurrently with ARVs. The information obtained from this study will help shape recommendations for postmenopausal HRT in HIV-infected women.

Patients are enrolled into 1 of 4 study arms based on their current oral ARV regimens. Arm A takes NFV plus nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Arm B takes LPV/r plus NRTIs. Arm C takes EFV plus NRTIs. Arm D enrolls HIV-infected patients not on current ARVs, or who are taking NRTIs only (no protease inhibitors \[PIs\] or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors \[NNRTIs\]). All arms receive HRT with oral estradiol and medroxyprogesterone acetate for 12 weeks. Arms A, B, and C have intensive PI or NNRTI pharmacokinetic (PK) sampling at entry and Week 4. All arms have estradiol PK sampling at Week 4. Clinical and laboratory evaluations are done at entry, Week 4, and Week 12.

ARVs are not provided by this study. Only HRT is provided.
Trientine hydrochloride is N,N'-bis (2-aminoethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine dihydrochloride. It is a white to pale yellow crystalline hygroscopic powder. It is freely soluble in water, soluble in methanol, slightly soluble in ethanol, and insoluble in chloroform and ether. 

The empirical formula is C 6H 18N 4•2HCl with a molecular weight of 219.2. The structural formula is: 

NH 2(CH 2) 2NH(CH 2) 2NH(CH 2) 2NH 2•2HCl 

Trientine hydrochloride is a chelating compound for removal of excess copper from the body. Trientine Hydrochloride Capsules are available as 250 mg capsules for oral administration. Trientine Hydrochloride Capsules contain gelatin, iron oxides, stearic acid, and titanium dioxide as inactive ingredients.
The transplantation of injury/ischemia-induced stem cells (iSCs) extracted from post-stroke human brains can improve the neurological functions of mice after stroke. However, the usefulness of iSCs as an alternative stem cell source remains unclear. The current study aimed to assess the efficacy of iSC and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation. In this experiment, equal numbers of human brain-derived iSCs (h-iSCs) (5.0 × 104 cells/μL) and human bone marrow-derived MSCs (h-MSCs) (5.0 × 104 cells/μL) were intracranially transplanted into post-stroke mouse brains after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Results showed that not only h-iSC transplantation but also h-MSC transplantation activated endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) around the grafted sites and promoted neurological functional improvement. However, mice that received h-iSC transplantation experienced improvement in a higher number of behavioral tasks compared with those that received h-MSC transplantation. To investigate the underlying mechanism, NSPCs extracted from the ischemic areas of post-stroke mouse brains were cocultured with h-iSCs or h-MSCs. After coincubation, NSPCs, h-iSCs, and h-MSCs were selectively collected via fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Next, their traits were analyzed via microarray analysis. The genes related to various neuronal lineages in NSPCs after coincubation with h-iSCs were enriched compared with those in NSPCs after coincubation with h-MSCs. In addition, the gene expression patterns of h-iSCs relative to those of h-MSCs showed that the expression of genes related to synapse formation and neurotransmitter-producing neurons increased more after coincubation with NSPCs. Hence, cell-cell interactions with NSPCs promoted transdifferentiation toward functional neurons predominantly in h-iSCs. In accordance with these findings, immunohistochemistry showed that the number of neuronal networks between NSPCs and h-iSCs was higher than that between NSPCs and h-MSCs. Therefore, compared with h-MSC transplantation, h-iSC transplantation is associated with a higher neurological functional improvement, presumably by more effectively modulating the fates of endogenous NSPCs and grafted h-iSCs themselves.