anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: There is increasing evidence that promoting physical activity can prevent sarcopenia. However, physical activity (PA) decreases with age, and the impact of PA intensity on health is unclear. This study investigated the relationship between the level of PA and sarcopenia, and the association between PA levels and mortality in patients with and without sarcopenia.
METHODS: Data were derived from the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging. PA was classified as sedentary behavior, light PA, or moderate-to-vigorous PA. Each PA level was subdivided based on the median time spent engaged in that activity, yielding eight PA profiles. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the association between PA level and sarcopenia, and between PA profiles and mortality.
RESULTS: This study included 620 participants (50.2% women; mean age 75.7 ± 7.5 years), of whom 130 (21.0%) participants were identified sarcopenia. During follow-up (mean 10.9 ± 4.1 years), 264 (42.6%) participants died. Overall, sarcopenic participants were less physically active than non-sarcopenic participants. After multivariate adjustment, more sedentary behavior and less moderate-to-vigorous PA were associated with sarcopenia and all related variables, except muscle mass. Compared with the reference, non-sarcopenic participants with lower sedentary behavior and concomitantly higher moderate-to-vigorous PA had significantly lower hazard ratios for mortality, while higher light PA reduced mortality in sarcopenic participants regardless of time spent engaged in sedentary behavior or moderate-to-vigorous PA.
CONCLUSIONS: PA, especially sedentary behavior and moderate-to-vigorous PA, was associated with sarcopenia and related variables, but the level of PA that prevented death differed according to sarcopenia status. Our findings may help determine the optimal intensity and amount of PA.
The LMA was inserted using the recommended technique, with the patient's head in the sniffing position. The appropriate size was selected based on body weight (size 3 for 30-50 kg, size 4 for 50-70 kg).
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary malignancy of the liver, with hepatocellular differentiation. It is ranked sixth among the most common cancers worldwide and is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The most important etiological factors discussed here are viral infection (HBV, HCV), exposure to aflatoxin B1, metabolic syndrome, and obesity (as an independent factor). Directly or indirectly, they induce chromosomal aberrations, mutations, and epigenetic changes in specific genes involved in intracellular signaling pathways, responsible for synthesis of growth factors, cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, the metastasis process (including the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the expression of adhesion molecules), and angiogenesis. All these disrupted molecular mechanisms contribute to hepatocarcinogenesis. Furthermore, equally important is the interaction between tumor cells and the components of the tumor microenvironment: inflammatory cells and macrophages-predominantly with a pro-tumoral role-hepatic stellate cells, tumor-associated fibroblasts, cancer stem cells, extracellular vesicles, and the extracellular matrix. In this paper, we reviewed the molecular biology of hepatocellular carcinoma and the intricate mechanisms involved in hepatocarcinogenesis, and we highlighted how certain signaling pathways can be pharmacologically influenced at various levels with specific molecules. Additionally, we mentioned several examples of recent clinical trials and briefly described the current treatment protocol according to the NCCN guidelines.
From one-week post-randomization to the 12-week study visit, youth randomized to this treatment arm will receive personalized feedback via monetary incentives for dosing insulin at mealtimes. Mealtimes will be defined based on hour of the day and the presence of a carbohydrate entry associated with the insulin bolus. Breakfast will be 0600-1000, lunch will be 1100-1500, and dinner will be 1600-2000. Thus, we will reimburse youth up to $0.50 per mealtime with at least one meal-associated (carbohydrate-associated) insulin bolus completed (maximum $1.50/day). We will offer the opportunity for youth to earn a bonus reimbursement of up to $5.00/week for weeks during which they achieve at least 5 days of 3 mealtime insulin boluses. Finally, we will pay youth up to $2.00 per week for sharing their insulin use data at least two times per week with the study team during the three-month treatment phase (maximum $24.00). Therefore, maximum total incentive available is $210.
Over the past decade, remote monitoring (RM) has become an increasingly popular way to improve healthcare and health outcomes. Modern cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) are capable of recording an increasing amount of data related to CIED function, arrhythmias, physiological status and hemodynamic parameters, providing in-depth and updated information on patient cardiovascular function. The extensive use of RM for patients with CIED allows for early diagnosis and rapid assessment of relevant issues, both clinical and technical, as well as replacing outpatient follow-up improving overall management without compromise safety. This approach is recommended by current guidelines for all eligible patients affected by different chronic cardiac conditions including either brady- and tachy-arrhythmias and heart failure. Beyond to clinical advantages, RM has demonstrated cost-effectiveness and is associated with elevated levels of patient satisfaction. Future perspectives include improving security, interoperability and diagnostic power as well as to engage patients with digital health technology. This review aims to update existing data concerning clinical outcomes in patients managed with RM in the wide spectrum of cardiac arrhythmias and Hear Failure (HF), disclosing also about safety, effectiveness, patient satisfaction and cost-saving.
Fractures of the upper end of the femur, called commonly "Hip fractures"are very common, with an incidence of approximately 1.6 million cases per year worldwide. This high incidence is anticipated to grow rapidly in the next decades, driven by population aging. Anemia is very frequent on admission for hip fracture, concerning up to 45% of the patients, with a mean hemoglobin level of 12.5±0.2 g/dl. This high prevalence of anemia together with blood losses, secondary to the fracture itself and surgery are responsible for a high rate of blood transfusion (approximately 40-50% of the patients). However, both anemia and blood transfusion are associated with poor outcome, including increased mortality, length of stay, infection rate etc. In addition, blood is a scarce and expensive resource and its use should be limited as much as possible. There is therefore a need to treat this anemia and/or to prevent the decrease in hemoglobin. For this purpose, intravenous iron has been proposed. Some non-randomized, mainly retrospective, studies have shown that perioperative intravenous iron was able to reduce blood transfusion (i.e. the number of patients transfused and the number of units per patient). Indeed, a pooled analysis of 5 studies including 1,361 patients suggests that intravenous iron could reduce perioperative transfusion in hip fracture patients. However, there is no definitive data. Another way to reduce blood transfusion would be to reduce perioperative bleeding. Tranexamic acid has proven to be efficient for this purpose both in trauma patients and in elective surgery patients. However, there are only two randomized studies investigating the interest of tranexamic acid in hip fractures, and they are not conclusive probably owing to a lack of power. In addition, use of intravenous tranexamic acid could be limited in this population of frail patients and topical use of tranexamic acid, notably to prevent the intraoperative bleeding, appear to be an accurate and sure alternative.

Although hip fracture is a very frequent pathology, with a high burden of care, few data are available that focus on the management of perioperative anemia in this context. The interest for perioperative blood management has recently increased thanks to better recognition of the adverse effects of blood transfusion, better understanding of iron metabolism, new intravenous iron drugs and a renewed interest in former medications (i.e. tranexamic acid). hiFIT study therefore propose a 2X2 factorial design for this study in order to answer questions vis-à-vis the interest of iron and tranexamic acid to reduce blood transfusion in hip fracture patients.
Patients (aged 18 and above) with either ST segment elevation or Non-ST segment elevation MI by biomarkers of cardiac injury and symptoms. Cut-off for CPK \>2 times and troponin \>3 times the upper limit for the lab. Only Patients who undergo coronary revascularization (PCI, CABG), New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class I-III, and with LVEF \< 45% will be enrolled.
Lipids are components of cytomembranes that are involved in various biochemical processes. High-altitude hypoxic environments not only affect the body's energy metabolism, but these environments can also cause abnormal lipid metabolism involved in the hypoxia-induced cognitive impairment. Thus, comprehensive lipidomic profiling of the brain tissue is an essential step toward understanding the mechanism of cognitive impairment induced by hypoxic exposure. In the present study, mice showed reduced new-object recognition and spatial memory when exposed to hypobaric hypoxia for 1 day. Histomorphological staining revealed significant morphological and structural damage to the hippocampal tissue, along with prolonged exposure to hypobaric hypoxia. Dynamic lipidomics of the mouse hippocampus showed a significant shift in both the type and distribution of phospholipids, as verified by spatial lipid mapping. Collectively, a diverse and dynamic lipid composition in mice hippocampus was uncovered, which deepens our understanding of biochemical changes during sustained hypoxic exposure and could provide new insights into the cognitive decline induced by high-altitude hypoxia exposure.
Voluntary participants who have been diagnosed with FSHD and agreed to voluntary health subjects will be included in the study. Signed voluntary consent will be obtained from participants. Participants will be divided into tree groups. One group will include patients who have undergone scapulothoracic arthrodesis surgery, while the other group will include patients who have not undergone surgery and control group will include participants who have agree to participate the study. A progressive rehabilitation program for the upper extremities will be applied to patients in a group of individuals who have undergone and have not undergone surgery. Both groups will undergo some outcome measures to assess their upper extremity function, balance and walking.
Study numbers will be randomized into "standard-dose saproterin dihydrochloride (Kuvan)" or "high-dose saproterin dihydrochloride (Kuvan) " groups (treatment group A or treatment group B). Both groups will receive a trial of both standard and high dose saproterin dihydrochloride before the end of the study. Standard-dose saproterin dihydrochloride will be 20mg/kg (rounded up to the nearest 100mg) provided in the form of 100mg tablets. Dosing of the tablets will be unidentifiable to patients. Medication will be given orally once daily.
Blood glucose measurement with a glucometer to be provided by the researcher, blood pressure measurement with a digital blood pressure device, and foot temperature measurement with an infrared thermometer will be made. Turkey podiatry foot care guide will be trained under the guidance of the Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1. 3. 5. A total of three follow-ups will be done once in the week. In the follow-up sessions; VAS, DN4, LANSS, NePIQol scales will be applied, foot assessment and SWMI test will be applied.
This will be a single blinded study with participants attending three visits. Their first visit will act as an acclimatisation visit and participants will be infused subcutaneously with a triple gut hormone infusion (GLP-1, PYY and OXM). This will not only allow us to acclimatise the study volunteer to the study visits, but also allow us to test for subject tolerability of the gut hormones. Occasionally some volunteers are more sensitive to the gut hormone infusion and the doses needs to be titrated down. The doses used will be established doses of the gut hormones infused previously and which have been shown to be safe and tolerated, and to reduce appetite (In house data).
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to prophylaxis and treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of mouth cavity and pharynx. Agent is designated for palate or transbuccal administration and shows self-fixation property. Agent comprises an active component and accessory substances. Agent comprises dry water-soluble extract of medicinal plants as an active component that is prepared by extraction of the following medicinal plants: Saint-John's-wort herb, pot-marigold flowers, milfoil herb, licorice roots and wild rose fruits with 25% ethyl alcohol. Agent comprises additionally ascorbic acid and beet pectin, food agar, carboxymethylcellulose sodium and calcium stearate as accessory substances. The preparation "Faringal" enhances duration time of effect of medicinal substance on mouth-pharynx mucosa due to its delayed resolution in mouth cavity. Agent normalizes also intestine microflora, enhances immunological reactivity and general nonspecific resistance of organism. EFFECT: improved and valuable medicinal properties of agent. 6 cl, 2 tbl
This report summarizes incidence rates and trends of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) from 2015 through 2023 among active component service members of the U.S. Armed Forces. The data compiled for this report are derived from the medical surveillance of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis as nationally notifiable diseases. Case data for 2 additional STIs, human papilloma virus (HPV) and genital herpes simplex virus (HSV), are also presented. The crude total case rates of chlamydia and gonorrhea initially rose by an average of 6.7% and 9.8% per year, respectively, until 2019. From 2020 onwards, rates steadily declined. By 2023, chlamydia rates had dropped by approximately 39%, while gonorrhea rates had fallen by more than 40% for female, and 19% for male, service members. Initially syphilis increased, on average, 10% annually from 2015 to 2019, then declined in 2020, but resumed its upward trend through 2023, nearly doubling the 2015 rate in 2023. The total crude annual incidence rates of genital HPV and HSV exhibited downward trends in general over the surveillance period, decreasing by 30.7% and 24.7%, respectively. Age- and gender-adjusted case rates for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis remain elevated within the U.S. Armed Forces compared to the general U.S. population, which may be due to factors that include mandatory STI screening, more complete reporting, incomplete adjustment for age distribution, and inequitable comparisons between the military active duty and general U.S. populations. Social restrictions enacted during the COVID-19 pandemic may have contributed to declines in true case rates and screening coverage.
Patients receive gemcitabine hydrochloride IV over 30 minutes and smac mimetic TL32711 IV over 30 minutes once weekly for 2 weeks. Treatment repeats every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Women randomized to the AT group will engage in aerobic exercise training that complies with ACSM recommendations10. Specifically, women will complete walking or stationary cycling sessions 5 times per week for 16 weeks. Heart rate data from the pre-intervention VO2peak tests (described below) will be used to estimate each participant's target training heart rate. Like the RT regimen, the AT intervention will be progressive in nature. During the first half of the intervention period, duration will increase by 5 minutes every 2 weeks, from 30 min to 45 min. In the second phase of the intervention, duration will remain constant at 45 min, but intensity will increase from 50% to 65% of heart rate reserve (HRR). Exercise sessions will take place on a treadmill and/or cycle ergometer.
Prior to the use of this drug, patients and/or their parents/guardian should be advised of the possibility of untoward symptoms.

In general, adverse reactions are reversible and are related to dosage. The most common adverse reaction is hair loss; the most troublesome adverse reactions are neuromuscular in origin.

When single, weekly doses of the drug are employed, the adverse reactions of leukopenia, neuritic pain, and constipation occur but are usually of short duration (ie., less than 7 days). When the dosage is reduced, these reactions may lessen or disappear. The severity of such reactions seems to increase when the calculated amount of drug is given in divided doses. Other adverse reactions, such as hair loss, sensory loss, paresthesia, difficulty in walking, slapping gait, loss of deep–tendon reflexes, and muscle wasting, may persist for at least as long as therapy is continued. Generalized sensorimotor dysfunction may become progressively more severe with continued treatment. Although most such symptoms usually disappear by about the sixth week after discontinuance of treatment, some neuromuscular difficulties may persist for prolonged periods in some patients. Regrowth of hair may occur while maintenance therapy continues.

The following adverse reactions have been reported:

Hepatic veno-occlusive disease has been reported in patients receiving vincristine, particularly in pediatric patients, as part of standard combination chemotherapy regimens. Some of the patients had fatal outcomes; some who survived had undergone liver transplantation.
PURPOSE:The titled remedy that is made by making a TNF-inducer act on the cells resulting from transplantation of human-originating cells, which can produce TNF and is established as a cultured strain, in a body of animals other than human, thus containing TNF. CONSTITUTION:Human-relating cells, which can produce TNF and are established as a cultured strain, such as Namalva cells are transplanted in the body of a warm- blood animal such as bird such as chicken or a mammarian such as dog or cat or inoculated in a diffusion chamber to proliferate, as receiving the supply of body fluid containing nutrients from the animal. Then, a TNF inducer is made to act on the resultant cells in virto or in vivo. Thus, the formation of TNF is induced in high activity and the TNF is separated and purified in a large amount. The TNF is used to given a remedy for malignant tumotors. The preparation is used in a form of capsules, tablets as an enteric coating, a suppository, injection solution, further collunarium, eye drops or ointment.
Following topical ocular administration of timolol to humans, low concentrations of drug are found in plasma. After bilateral administration of a 0.5% timolol maleate solution to healthy volunteers, maximum plasma concentrations were generally below 5 ng/mL. Dosages higher than one drop of 0.5% Timolol GFS once daily have not been studied.

Pharmacokinetic studies in humans using this gel forming solution formulation were not performed. However, systemic uptake from a gel matrix is expected to be slower than from a non-gel forming solution based on studies using other gel forming solutions. The maximum plasma timolol concentration from the gel forming drop is not expected to exceed those of the 0.5% timolol maleate solution.
OBJECTIVE: The sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor empagliflozin was approved for treatment of adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on the basis of its demonstrated ability to slow CKD progression and reduce the risk of cardiovascular death. This analysis was performed to assess the cost-effectiveness of empagliflozin plus standard of care (SoC) vs SoC alone in the treatment of CKD in the UK.
METHODS: A comprehensive, patient-level CKD progression model that simulates the evolution of risk factors for disease progression based on CKD-specific equations and clinical data was used to project a broad range of CKD-related complications. Patient baseline characteristics, distribution across Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) health states, and changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urine albumin-creatinine ratio (uACR), and other parameters while on treatment were derived from the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. UK cost and utilities/disutilities were sourced from the literature. Univariate and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted. Annual discounting of 3.5% was applied on costs and outcomes.
RESULTS: Over a 50-year horizon, SoC resulted in per-patient costs, life years, and QALYs of £95,930, 8.55, and 6.28, respectively. Empagliflozin plus SoC resulted in an incremental gain in life years (+1.04) and QALYs (+0.84), while decreasing per-patient costs by £6,019. Empagliflozin was more effective and less costly (dominant) with a net monetary benefit of £22,849 at the willingness-to-pay threshold of £20,000. Although treatment cost was higher for empagliflozin, this was more than offset by savings in kidney replacement therapy. Empagliflozin remained highly cost-effective in patients with and without diabetes, and across scenario and sensitivity analyses.
LIMITATIONS: This analysis is limited by reliance on short-term clinical trial data and by uncertainties in modelling CKD progression.
CONCLUSIONS: Empagliflozin as an add-on to SoC for treatment of adults with CKD represents cost-effective use of UK National Health Service (NHS) resources.
Genital Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the United States and worldwide. Over 50% of sexually active adolescents will become infected with HPV. HPV infection is strongly associated with the development of anogenital dysplasias and invasive cancers. Because HPV is a STI, optimal prevention in women will depend on prevention in their partners as well. Males remain a significant reservoir of HPV and vaccinating them will be essential for rapidly preventing transmission of HPV in the community.

P1085 is a sub study of P1047, which investigated the safety and immunogenicity of Quadrivalent HPV (QHPV) in HIV-infected girls and boys, age 7 to \<12 years of age. This study was a placebo-controlled trial that compared a recommended three dose schedule of QHPV in one study arm (Arm A) with an arm that received placebo (Arm B). P1047 has thus far demonstrated that QHPV can be safely administered to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected boys and girls and will stimulate seroconversion in more than 95% of vaccinees. However, these antibody levels were 30-50% lower than those achieved in children without HIV infection. Since levels of vaccine-induced antibodies decline with time after vaccination, it is uncertain if vaccine-induced immunity will be life-long. This concern is supported by some evidence that naturally acquired HPV-specific antibody might decline to a level that will permit re-infection. Comparative persistence data for HPV-specific antibody is available for 5-6 years after vaccination of almost 1000 children without HIV infection (manufacturer's data, unpublished), but there is no such information available from HIV-infected vaccinees.

We seek to determine the long-term durability and kinetics of the vaccine-induced HPV-type-specific antibody and CMI responses in HIV-infected children that were, and are being, immunized in P1047. These subjects are a unique cohort that will allow us to approach this specific clinical issue.