anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The trajectory of the HIV epidemic in coming decades will be determined by the degree to which we can identify infected persons and engage them in care - a point implicit in the ambitious UNAIDS "90-90-90" target, which sets 90% goals for HIV diagnosis, linkage of infected persons to sustained antiretroviral therapy (ART), and viral suppression in those treated. Meeting this target requires successful engagement of difficult to reach populations, such as people who inject drugs (PWID) and men who have sex with men (MSM), who bear a disproportionate share of the epidemic, particularly in low to middle income countries. Our team is nearing completion of a multi-site cluster-randomized trial in India to assess the effectiveness of integrated care centers (ICCs) for PWID and MSM compared to usual care. ICC process measures from the first year show robust uptake of HIV counseling and testing, the primary outcome for that trial, but slower than anticipated ART uptake. Demand-side interventions in public health (such as treatment incentives) can be particularly effective when paired with optimized treatment accessibility (i.e., supply). Consequently, the investigators propose to examine whether provision of HIV care and treatment incentives to ICC clients will improve overall utilization of the clinics and downstream HIV care continuum outcomes.

The investigators propose a hybrid effectiveness-implementation design. This will include a 16-site, pair-matched cluster randomized trial to compare the effectiveness of adding of HIV care incentives to ICCs (ICC+) versus standard ICCs on HIV care continuum outcomes, including ART initiation, adherence and viral suppression. Effectiveness will be compared at the ICC level (from a cohort of HIV-infected ART-eligible clients followed in each ICC and process measures deriving from all ICC clients) and at the community-level through a cross-sectional sample accrued via respondent-driven sampling (RDS) 2 years after initiation of the intervention. Because PWID and MSM will be sampled independently from the ICCs in the RDS, it provides an opportunity to characterize outcomes like community viral load and HIV incidence, reflecting impact within the broader PWID/MSM communities. As an exploratory sub-aim, we will use a rigorous scientific design to assess the effects of withdrawing (vs. continuing) incentives beyond the initial intervention phase. Additionally, the investigators will determine the cost-effectiveness of the ICC+ intervention.
Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Medication Guide).

Sleep-Driving and Other Complex Behaviors: There have been reports of people getting out of bed after taking a hypnotic and driving their cars while not fully awake, often with no memory of the event. If a patient experiences such an episode, it should be reported to his or her doctor immediately, since "sleep-driving" can be dangerous. This behavior is more likely to occur when a hypnotic is taken with alcohol or other central nervous system depressants [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2, 5.4) and Drug Interactions (7.3, 7.4)]. Other complex behaviors (e.g., preparing and eating food, making phone calls, or having sex) have been reported in patients who are not fully awake after taking a hypnotic. As with "sleep-driving", patients usually do not remember these events.

In addition, patients should be advised to report all concomitant medications to the prescriber. Patients should be instructed to report events such as "sleep-driving" and other complex behaviors immediately to the prescriber.

Suicide Risk and Worsening of Depression: Patients, their families, and their caregivers should be encouraged to be alert to worsening of depression, including suicidal thoughts and actions. Such symptoms should be reported to the patient's prescriber or health professional.

Administration Instructions: Patients should be counseled to take doxepin tablets within 30 minutes of bedtime and should confine their activities to those necessary to prepare for bed. Doxepin tablets should not be taken with or immediately after a meal [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)]. Advise patients NOT to take doxepin tablets when drinking alcohol [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2, 5.4) and Drug Interactions (7.3)].

Pregnancy: Advise patients that doxepin tablets use late in pregnancy may increase the risk for neonatal complications requiring prolonged hospitalization, respiratory support or tube feeding [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].

Lactation: Advise patients that breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment with doxepin tablets [see Use in Specific Populations (8.2)].

Infertility: Inform patients that doxepin tablets may cause reduced fertility. It is not known whether these effects on fertility are reversible [see Use in Specific Populations (8.3) and Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1)].
We bring together insights from the sociology of diagnosis and the sociology of ignorance to examine the early diagnostic unfolding of 'Long COVID' (LC). Originally described by patient activists, researchers set out to ponder its unwieldy clinical boundaries. Using a scoping review method in tandem with qualitative content analytic techniques, we analyse medicine's initial struggles to construct a LC diagnosis. Paying attention to the dynamics of ignorance, we highlight three consequential conceptual manoeuvres in the early classifications of LC: causal agnosticism concerning the relationship between COVID-19 and LC, evasion of lumping LC with similar conditions; and the predictable splitting off of medically explainable cases from the LC designation. These manoeuvres are not maleficent, inept or unreasonable. They are practical but impactful responses to the classificatory dilemmas present in the construction of diagnoses amidst ignorance. Although there are unique aspects to LC, we suggest that its early fate is nevertheless emblematic of medicine's diagnostic standardisation processes more generally. To varying degrees, diagnoses are ignorance management strategies; they create a pathway through the uncertainty at the core of disease realities. However, while diagnoses circumscribe some types of ignorance, they produce others through the creation of blind spots and paths not taken.
BACKGROUND: Pain control after minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE) can be challenging, especially in adult patients undergoing surgical repair. This study reviewed different analgesic modalities used over ≥10 years after pectus repair.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed of adult patients (≥18 years) who underwent uncomplicated primary MIRPE at a single institution from October 2010 to December 2021. Patients were classified by analgesic modality used: epidural, elastomeric continuous infusion subcutaneous catheters (SC-Caths), and intercostal nerve cryoablation. Comparisons among the 3 groups were performed.
RESULTS: In total, 729 patients were included (mean age, 30.9 ±10.3 years; 67% male; mean Haller index, 4.9 ±3.0). Patients in the cryoablation group required significantly lower doses of morphine equivalents (P < .001) and had overall the shortest hospital stay (mean, 1.9 ±1.5 days; P < .001) with <17% staying >2 days (vs epidural at 94% and SC-Cath at 48%; P < .001). The cryoablation group had a lower incidence of ileus and constipation (P < .001) but a higher incidence of pleural effusion requiring thoracentesis (P = .024). Mean pain scores among groups were minor (<3), and differences were insignificant.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of cryoablation in conjunction with enhanced recovery pathways provided significant benefit to our patients undergoing MIRPE compared with previous analgesic modalities. These benefits included a decrease in length of hospital stay, a reduction of in-hospital opioid use, and a lower incidence of opioid-related complications associated with constipation and ileus. Further studies to assess additional potential benefits with long-term follow-up after discharge are warranted.
A health service system for caring for the health of a patient. In one example, the health service system operates to present media content in association with a telehealth consultation. The health service system generates a virtual waiting room for display on a patient device, which presents a media content presentation. After the media content presentation has concluded, the health service system facilitates the telehealth consultation between a patient and a care provider. In some configurations the health service system further includes at least one hub care facility. The hub care facility includes a locked door with a scanner that unlocks the locked door upon scanning a time sensitive door unlock code; and a locked medication locker with a scanner that unlocks the locked medication locker upon scanning a medication locker unlock code.
High grade gliomas (WHO grade III and IV)(HGG) are the most common malignant, and aggressive brain tumour in humans. Current understanding of the mechanisms contributing to their growth and progression remain limited. Furthermore, treatment options have not advanced in recent decades. Recently, it has become evident that these tumours are dependent on glucose metabolism to maintain oncogenic properties. From a preclinical standpoint, targeting hexokinase 2 (HK2), the first committed step of glucose metabolism, with azole class drugs has been shown to display favourable anti-tumour effects in both in vitro and in vivo HGG models. We would like to translate these preclinical findings into the clinical setting by implementing a proof-of biological concept study with two azole drugs: ketoconazole (KCZ) and posaconazole (PCZ). A small cohort of recurrent HGG patients will receive either a single-, or repeated, steady state dose of either KCZ or PCZ and will then go for surgery where drug concentrations will be measured intraoperatively. Study drug selection and dosing details will be selected based on urgency of surgery and patient clinical characteristics Downstream biological effects of drug on tumour tissue, including HK2 activity, will also be assessed. This study will provide a preliminary understanding of azole drug activity in recurrent HGG patients and will help inform future studies of azole drug efficacy in this patient population
Described herein are methods for detecting a microorganism or cell in a subject and methods for detecting, imaging or diagnosing a site, disease, disorder or condition in a subject using microorganisms or cells. Also described are methods which use microorganisms or cells for treating a disease, disorder or condition. Such sites, diseases and disorders include sites of cell proliferation, proliferative conditions, neoplasms, tumors, neoplastic disease, wounds and inflammation. Further described are microorganisms and cells for use in the methods and compositions, combinations and kits, including diagnostic and pharmaceutical compositions, containing a microorganism or cell. Microorganisms and cells described herein include those that bind, sequester or accumulate metal, such as those that provide for metal acquisition, transport, storage and /or metabolism. Additional imaging and therapy agents are also described.
Participants in the study were pillbox users at baseline. Participants described their experiences and preferences with their own pillbox. Then participants will be given a 3D printed pillbox. Researchers will compare participants' experiences and preferences between their off-the-shelf pillbox used at baseline and the customized 3D printed pillbox delivered to participants as part of the study.
The intervention strategies in STAR model are designed under the Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Intervention (NDBI) framework which are implemented in natural settings targeting at improving social and communicational capabilities. The structure of the STAR model is with 2 modules and 16 sessions. Module I derives from our previous offline parent-tutoring courses with 8 intervention strategy topics combining academic instruction and real child demonstration but modified into on-line version. Module II is designed specifically for long-term consolidation of parents' intervention skills containing 8 biweekly sessions of distance coaching with parents practicing intervention with their children in real time at home.
Participant choses Nicotine patch-based treatment and is then randomized to Standard Treatment arm (N=75). Four weeks prior to target quit date (TQD), participant starts placebo Nicotine Patch. One week prior to TQD, participant will start placebo Bupropion. Consistent with Nicotine Patch Standard Treatment, participant will start active Nicotine Patch on TQD. Participant will continue active Nicotine Patch and placebo Bupropion to 12 weeks post-TQD.
A trained health educator will deliver the manualized DM Social Needs intervention. Participants will receive 6-monthly sessions of diabetes education and skills training, and problem solving and resolution of social needs via telephone.
Nelfilcon A plano cosmetic contact lenses worn in both eyes at least 5 hours per day, at least 2 days a week, for one year. The lenses will be worn in a daily wear, daily disposable modality.
Sham rTMS Treatment is applied as either Bilateral rTMS or HFL-rTMS (randomly assigned), but with the coil angled 90 degrees away from the skull in a single-wing tilt position. This method produces sound and some somatic sensation (e.g., contraction of scalp muscles) similar to those of active stimulation, but with minimal direct brain effects.
The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines, and particularly relates to a novel application of nilapanib and a derivative thereof. Application of nilapanib or a derivative thereof in preparation of a preparation for inhibiting PDGFR beta expression and/or PDGFR beta downstream signaling pathway. Application of nilapanib or a derivative thereof in preparing a preparation for inhibiting smooth muscle phenotype switching. Application of nilapanib in preparing medicine for preventing and treating vascular diseases. The concentration of the nilapanib in the medicine for preventing and treating vascular diseases is 0.5 mu M or 20 mg/kg/d. An agent for inhibiting PDGFR β expression and/or PDGFR β downstream signaling pathway, comprising nilapanib or a derivative thereof as an active ingredient. Application of nilapanib or a derivative thereof in preparing a preparation for promoting alpha SMA gene expression. The nilapanib provided by the invention can be used as a PAPR1/2 inhibitor and has an inhibitory effect on PDGFR beta, so that the nilapanib can inhibit smooth muscle phenotype transition, and can prevent and/or treat restenosis after vascular injury.
Carcinogenesis — Duloxetine was administered in the diet to mice and rats for 2 years. 

In female mice receiving duloxetine at 140 mg/kg/day (6 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 120 mg/day on a mg/m2 basis), there was an increased incidence of hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas. The no-effect dose was 50 mg/kg/day (2 times the MRHD). Tumor incidence was not increased in male mice receiving duloxetine at doses up to 100 mg/kg/day (4 times the MRHD). 

In rats, dietary doses of duloxetine up to 27 mg/kg/day in females (2 times the MRHD) and up to 36 mg/kg/day in males (3 times the MRHD) did not increase the incidence of tumors. 

Mutagenesis — Duloxetine was not mutagenic in the in vitro bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test) and was not clastogenic in an in vivo chromosomal aberration test in mouse bone marrow cells. Additionally, duloxetine was not genotoxic in an in vitro mammalian forward gene mutation assay in mouse lymphoma cells or in an in vitro unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) assay in primary rat hepatocytes, and did not induce sister chromatid exchange in Chinese hamster bone marrow in vivo. 

Impairment of Fertility — Duloxetine administered orally to either male or female rats prior to and throughout mating at doses up to 45 mg/kg/day (4 times the MRHD) did not alter mating or fertility.
PURPOSE:To obtain an interleukin-1-producing inhibitor containing a 2- alkynylmalonic acid derivative as an active ingredient and useful for treating chronic rheumatism or inflammatory diseases. CONSTITUTION:This interleukin-1-producing inhibitor contains a compound of the formula (R is H, an aryl, an aralkyl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkenyl, a lower alkyl, etc.; R<1> is H or a carboxyl-protecting group; R<2> is OH, a lower alkoxy, an amino, etc.) or its salt as an active ingredient. The compound of the formula has an activity close to prednisolone which is a conventional excellent steroidal compound and has inhibition activity equivalent to or higher than that of tenidap which is a nonsteroidal compound. The inhibitor is useful for arthrosis deformans, gout, atherosclerosis, atopic dermatitis, lung diseases accompanied by granuloma, various encephalitis, diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis and is effective also as immunosuppressive agent.
Intra-articular analgesia is useful in reducing patients' postoperative disability. It anticipates and prevents the onset of pain, and helps avoid the need for additional drugs. Usually it is possible to reach good analgesia in the immediate postoperative period by the administration of analgesic drugs. Recently, intra-articular administration of different anaesthetic substances with a local action (e.g. bupivacaine) has been introduced in clinical practice. The aim of the administration of these substances should not be the reduction of postoperative pain, but its prevention.
Composition of hypocholesteremic agents containing (a) phytostanol ester and (b) tocopherols. The phytostanol ester is characterised as b-sitostanol ester shown in Formula (I). The tocopherol is shown in Formula (II). The composition could be encapsulated gelatin where it may be administered orally in high doses. Where Formula (I) is composed of: R1 is an aliphatic, linear or branched C2-22alkyl group. Where Formula (II) is composed of: R2, R3 and R4 is independently hydrogen or methyl groups.
Alogliptin tablets contain the active ingredient alogliptin, which is a selective, orally bioavailable inhibitor of the enzymatic activity of DPP-4.

Chemically, alogliptin is prepared as a benzoate salt, which is identified as 2-({6-[(3R)-3-aminopiperidin-1-yl]-3-methyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl}methyl)benzonitrile monobenzoate. It has a molecular formula of C18H21N5O2∙C7H6O2 and a molecular weight of 461.51 daltons. The structural formula is:

Alogliptin benzoate is a white to off-white crystalline powder containing one asymmetric carbon in the aminopiperidine moiety. It is soluble in dimethylsulfoxide, sparingly soluble in water and methanol, slightly soluble in ethanol and very slightly soluble in octanol and isopropyl acetate.

Each alogliptin tablet contains 34 mg, 17 mg or 8.5 mg alogliptin benzoate, which is equivalent to 25 mg, 12.5 mg or 6.25 mg, respectively, of alogliptin and the following inactive ingredients: croscarmellose sodium, hydroxypropyl cellulose, magnesium stearate, mannitol, and microcrystalline cellulose. In addition, the film coating contains the following inactive ingredients: ferric oxide (red or yellow), hypromellose, polyethylene glycol, and titanium dioxide and is marked with printing ink (Gray F1).
The usual IV dose is 16 mg/m2. Dosage reduction of up to 50% should be considered in patients with renal insufficiency (BUN ≥30 mg/dL) (see PRECAUTIONS: General). The drug is administered as a single infusion over 15 to 20 minutes. Melphalan is administered at 2-week intervals for 4 doses, then, after adequate recovery from toxicity, at 4-week intervals. Available evidence suggests about one third to one half of the patients with multiple myeloma show a favorable response to the drug. Experience with oral melphalan suggests that repeated courses should be given since improvement may continue slowly over many months, and the maximum benefit may be missed if treatment is abandoned prematurely. Dose adjustment on the basis of blood cell counts at the nadir and day of treatment should be considered. 

Administration Precautions: As with other toxic compounds, caution should be exercised in handling and preparing the solution of Melphalan hydrochloride. Skin reactions associated with accidental exposure may occur. The use of gloves is recommended. If the solution of Melphalan hydrochloride contacts the skin or mucosa, immediately wash the skin or mucosa thoroughly with soap and water. 

Procedures for proper handling and disposal of anticancer drugs should be considered. Several guidelines on this subject have been published.1-8 There is no general agreement that all of the procedures recommended in the guidelines are necessary or appropriate. 

Parenteral drug products should be visually inspected for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit. If either occurs, do not use this product. 

Care should be taken to avoid possible extravasation of melphalan and in cases of poor peripheral venous access, consideration should be given to use of a central venous line (see WARNINGS).
Dosage may be adjusted according to the condition and severity of symptoms. Tablets can be chewed or placed on tongue for disintegration. May be taken with or without water.

Adults and adolescents 12 years of age and older: 1 to 2 tablets three or four times a day, thirty minutes to one hour before meals and at bedtime. Dosage may be increased to every four hours as needed. Do not exceed 12 tablets in 24 hours.
Study 1 evaluated the efficacy of diclofenac sodium topical gel for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee in a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. Diclofenac sodium topical gel was administered at a dose of 4 g, 4 times daily, on 1 knee (16 g per day). Pain as assessed by the patients at Week 12 using the WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) Pain Subindex was lower in the diclofenac sodium topical gel group than the placebo group. 

Study 2 evaluated the efficacy of diclofenac sodium topical gel for the treatment of osteoarthritis in subjects with osteoarthritis of the hand in an 8-week, randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Diclofenac sodium topical gel was administered at a dose of 2 g per hand, 4 times daily, on both hands (16 g per day). Pain in the target hand as assessed by the patients at Weeks 4 and 6 on a visual analog scale from 0 to 100 was lower in the diclofenac sodium topical gel group than the placebo group. 

* WOMAC = Western Ontario McMaster Osteoarthritis Index.

# Scale from 0 (best) to 100 (worst).

† Difference is adjusted using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model with main effects of treatment and center and baseline covariate. 

†† Difference is adjusted using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model with main effects of treatment, center, indicator of pain in the CMC-1 joint, and baseline as a covariate, and the treatment-by-CMC-1 strata.