anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Rapid reduction of plasma triglycerides (TG) is believed to improve the outcome of pancreatitis in the context of hypertriglyceridaemia (HTG)-induced acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP). Previous studies have suggested that haemoperfusion (HP) with the Jafron cartridge series could be effective for reducing TG concentrations in patients with HTG-AP. However, the clearance capacity (CC) for TG removal has not been reported. This case series reports on data from three patients with HTG-AP who underwent HP with HA230 or HA330 cartridges. Blood samples were collected from both before and after the cartridge circuit every 30 min and the CC was calculated. Twelve pairs of blood samples were collected for each type of HP cartridge. The mean ± SD CC of the HA230 cartridge for TG removal in this case series was 0.009781 ± 1.117235 ml/min (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.7000762, 0.7196384 ml). The mean ± SD CC of the HA330 cartridge for TG removal in this case series was 0.344914 ± 1.412183 ml/min (95% CI, -0.5523448, 1.2421721 ml). Based on the findings of this small case series, special caution is advised when considering the use of the HA230 and HA330 cartridges for reducing blood TG concentration pending further conclusive evidence from larger studies.
Candida species primarily exist as harmless commensals in the gastrointestinal tract of warm-blooded animals. However, they can also cause life-threatening infections, which are often associated with gut microbial dysbiosis. Identifying the microbial actors that restrict Candida to commensalism remains a significant challenge. In vitro models could enable a mechanistic study of the interactions between Candida and simulated colon microbiomes. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the spatial and temporal colonization kinetics of specific Candida, including C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. parapsilosis, and their relative Nakaseomyces glabratus, by using an adapted SHIME® model, simulating the ileum, and proximal and distal colons. We monitored fungal and bacterial colonization kinetics under conditions of eubiosis (commensal lifestyle) and antibiotic-induced dysbiosis (pathogenic lifestyle). Our findings highlighted the variability in the colonization potential of Candida species across different intestinal regions. The ileum compartment proved to be the most favourable environment for C. albicans and C. parapsilosis under conditions of eubiosis. Antibiotic-induced dysbiosis resulted in resurgence of opportunistic Candida species, especially C. tropicalis and C. albicans. Future research should focus on identifying specific bacterial species influencing Candida colonization resistance and explore the long-term effects of antibiotics on the mycobiome and bacteriome.
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) is a malignant disease of the lymphoid and hematopoetic system with an annual incidence of 60,000 cases/year in the United States accounting for over 18,000 deaths annually. NHL is a heterogeneous malignancy with a median age of 65 at the time of diagnosis. Most clinical trials that have established current standards of care did not include elderly patients, especially those who are above the age of 80. Reasons for such under representation are not well-defined but several factors are hypothesized. Patients above the age of 80 have many co-morbid conditions that might exclude them from enrollment on clinical studies that are usually designed for more fit individuals. In addition, investigators are often reluctant to propose trials to elderly patients as their response to therapy might be suboptimal compared with younger patients affecting the overall data.

Well-designed published studies as to how patients over the age of 80 are being managed in the community or academic setting are lacking. There is no agreed-upon treatment algorithm for these patients and recommended approach varies based on the treating physician, the institution, and each individual patient.

Some physicians chose to offer dose reductions while others might omit chemotherapy and use monoclonal antibodies alone. Furthermore, treatment duration and the number of cycles given might vary considerably in this patient subgroup for a variety of reasons, mainly toxicity. In addition, it is unclear whether the histologic distribution of NHL is similar in older patients. In other words, it is not clear whether patients over the age of 80 are commonly diagnosed with diffuse large cell lymphoma (DLCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL) similar to younger individuals. Most importantly, these expected variations in treatment strategies might have inferior outcomes when compared to younger patient population. Looking at histologic subtype, treatment strategies, and outcomes in patients over the age of 80 is useful for patients and physicians alike. It is plausible that our current standards do not apply to this very-older patient population arguing for offering them clinical trials or novel agents even as an initial approach. On the other hand, we might discover that these older patients fare well despite these variations arguing that their disease biology is different especially if we note changes in histologic distribution.
TOPIC IMPORTANCE: Long COVID may occur in at least 10% of patients recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection and often is associated with debilitating symptoms. Among the organ systems that might be involved in its pathogenesis, the respiratory and cardiovascular systems may be central to common symptoms seen in survivors of COVID-19, including fatigue, dyspnea, chest pain, cough, and exercise intolerance. Understand the exact symptomatology, causes, and effects of long COVID on the heart and lungs may help us to discover new therapies. To that end, the National Institutes of Health is sponsoring a national study population of diverse volunteers to support large-scale studies on the long-term effects of COVID-19.
REVIEW FINDINGS: The National Institutes of Health Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) initiative currently is recruiting participants in the United States to answer critical questions about long COVID. The study comprises adult and pediatric cohorts as well as an electronic health record cohort. Based on symptoms, individuals undergo prespecified medical testing to understand whether abnormalities can be detected and are followed up longitudinally. Herein, we outline current understanding of the clinical symptoms and pathophysiologic features of long COVID with respect to the cardiopulmonary system in adults and children and then determine how the clinical, electronic health record, and autopsy cohorts of the RECOVER initiative will attempt to answer the most pressing questions surrounding the long-term effects of COVID-19.
SUMMARY: Data generated from the RECOVER initiative will provide guidance about missing gaps in our knowledge about long COVID and how they might be filled by data gathered through the RECOVER initiative.
The INTACT team will conduct a group-randomized trial (GRT) to test the effectiveness of the INTACT program, a culturally informed primary care provider training and clinic level workflow intervention for detection and appropriate management of AI/AN patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and ADRD in 28 urban and rural clinics serving AI/ANs. The clinics are the primary unit of randomization. Within each participating clinic, PCPs who are routinely seeing AI/AN patients ages 55 years and older will be recruited for data collection at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Each clinic will be randomized either to the immediate intervention or to a wait-list control arm. Data will be collected from PCP questionnaires, Electronic Health Records (EHR) data extraction and manual medical chart reviews. At the clinic level, we will rely on EHRs to document INTACT's effect on new ADRD diagnoses. At the PCP level, we will test whether INTACT increases knowledge and confidence in dementia assessment, ADRD care, and caregiver support. Patient-level data will be collected from the EHR and by manual chart review.

Once enrolled, clinics will complete a clinic profile interview and clinic and patient population information form, PCPs will be consented and complete a baseline survey. Next the clinics will be randomized into the immediate intervention or the wait-list control arms. Data collection will be conducted at baseline and 1-year follow-up. After completing the 1-year study period, clinics in the wait-list arm will have the opportunity to receive the INTACT intervention.
BACKGROUND: Ossification of ligamentum flavum (OLF) is a prevalent degenerative spinal disease, typically causing severe neurological dysfunction. Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) plays an essential role in the regulation of skeletal development. However, the mechanism KLF5 plays in OLF remains unclear, necessitating further investigative studies.
METHODS: qRT-PCR, immunofluorescent staining and western blot were used to measure the expression of KLF5. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) staining, Alizarin red staining (ARS), and the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteopontin (OPN), and osteocalcin (OCN) were used to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation. Luciferase activity assay and ChIP-PCR were performed to investigate the molecular mechanisms.
RESULTS: KLF5 was significantly upregulated in OLF fibroblasts in contrast to normal ligamentum flavum (LF) fibroblasts. Silencing KLF5 diminished osteogenic markers and mineralized nodules, while its overexpression had the opposite effect, confirming KLF5's role in promoting ossification. Moreover, KLF5 promotes the ossification of LF by activating the transcription of Connexin 43 (CX43), and overexpressing CX43 could reverse the suppressive impact of KLF5 knockdown on OLF fibroblasts' osteogenesis.
CONCLUSION: KLF5 promotes the OLF by transcriptionally activating CX43. This finding contributes significantly to our understanding of OLF and may provide new therapeutic targets.
The observed incidence of ADAs is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Differences in assay methods preclude meaningful comparisons of the incidence of ADAs in the studies described below with the incidence of ADAs in other studies, including those of ublituximab-xiiy or of other ublituximab products.

In clinical studies (Study 1 and Study 2), serum samples from patients with RMS were tested for antibodies to ublituximab-xiiy during the 96-week treatment period. Of the 534 BRIUMVI- treated patients, 434 (81%) tested positive for ADAs at one or more timepoints, and 34 (6.4%) tested positive for neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). However, the assay used to measure NAbs is subject to interference from serum ublituximab-xiiy, possibly resulting in underestimation of the incidence of NAb formation and limiting the ability to characterize the clinical impact of NAbs.

The presence of ADAs had no observable impact on the safety or efficacy of BRIUMVI.
Cellulitis is an acute bacterial infection that affects the deep dermis and surrounding subcutaneous tissue. Although it is a common condition, it is often misdiagnosed because it can mimic a range of conditions that also cause inflamed, red, irritated and painful skin. Such misdiagnoses may lead to unnecessary hospital admissions and antibiotic overuse, with most alternative diagnoses being non-infectious. Undertaking a holistic patient assessment, skin assessment and thorough clinical history is important in the diagnosis of cellulitis, and it is vital to use a collaborative multidisciplinary approach in its acute management and to prevent recurrence. This article defines the term cellulitis and explores its presenting features. The author also discusses the associated risk factors, clinical assessment techniques and effective management strategies, as well as outlining the actions that nurses can take to prevent recurrence.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled patch having raised stability of a main agent, by adding ascorbic acid (ester) and triamcinolone acetonide as the main agent into a water-soluble film. CONSTITUTION:0.05-1.0pts.wt. triamcinolone acetonide and 0.01-2.0pts.wt. ascorbic acid or ascorbic acid ester are added to a water-soluble film having 20-300mum, preferably 30-200mum thickness. A film of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, gelatin, PVA, sodium polyacrylate, CMC, starch or xanthan gum is used as the water-soluble film. The patch directly acts on the affected part as the film is dissolved in the oral cavity and has no feeling of physical disorder because of thin film.
Daily calorimetry for the first 6 days will be performed with determination of REE and the required amount of calories needed for the next 24 hours. In this group only 100% of REE will be provided.
In some examples, a digital antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) system includes an ASP team sub-system and a treating team sub-system. The ASP team sub-system can provide the ASP team access to relevant information for a clinical decision to intervene the prescription of antibiotics and/or a diagnostic test order by the treating team, and transmit an intervention recommendation to the treating team sub-system. The ASP team sub-system can also provide a recommendation for the intervention recommendation. The treating team sub-system can provide the treating team access to relevant information for a clinical decision to prescribe antibiotics or a diagnostic test to a patient. The treating team sub-system can also generate a recommendation for the prescription. The treating team sub-system can also receive the intervention recommendation from the ASP sub-system, and display the intervention recommendation and the information on a mobile device.
Participants assigned to the Smartphone-Based Exposure Therapy group will receive two weeks of exposure therapy via their smartphone. Participants will have the opportunity to receive up to 50 minutes of exposure video intervention daily for the two weeks.
INTRODUCTION: Many minimally invasive techniques have been developed over the years to treat primary ventral hernias and rectus abdominis diastasis, all of which have their advantages and disadvantages in terms of complications, reproducibility, and cost. We present a case-series of a novel approach that was safe and reproducible in a cohort of 17 patients.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients in the study underwent the novel procedure between October 2022 and July 2023. We collected data retrospectively, including patient general characteristics, surgical outcomes, and complications. Patient follow-up lasted 12 months to exclude recurrences.
RESULTS: Seventeen patients underwent the procedure for primary uncomplicated ventral hernias and rectus diastasis. The median length of hospital stay was 2 days (IQR 2-3). In 4 out of 17 cases minor complications occurred within 30 days, of which 3 were class I and 1 was a class II complication according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. There were no recurrences.
CONCLUSION: Although limited by a small cohort of patients and a non-comparative study design, our study presents encouraging results in regards to the safety of this technique. More studies with a larger study population are needed to evaluate the benefits and pitfalls of this new technique.[query names].
Over 900,000 abortion procedures are performed annually in the United States \[1\]. For many women, pain relief during abortion is inadequate despite the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, local anesthetics, opioids, and/or moderate sedation. Research on pain control during abortion has focused on methods for relief during first-trimester suction curettage with little research dedicated to pain during dilation and evacuation (D\&E). Gabapentin (Neurontin) has emerged as an effective adjunct to pain management for a variety of surgical procedures. Gabapentin is inexpensive and is also effective in reducing anxiety, nausea, and vomiting. The addition of pre-operative gabapentin to moderate sedation during D\&E may lead to increased patient satisfaction and pain relief without significantly increasing risk or cost.

Proposed Research. The investigators propose a randomized controlled double-blinded trial evaluating the use of adjunct gabapentin versus placebo in addition to moderate sedation during D\&E. The investigators hypothesize that 600 mg oral gabapentin administered pre-operatively at the time of cervical preparation initiation will improve intra-operative pain control. The investigators also hypothesize that it will improve pre- and post-operative pain, anxiety, nausea, vomiting, and overall satisfaction with pain management during D\&E. The investigators hypothesize that the doses of moderate sedation agents required to obtain adequate sedation will be decreased if participants receive gabapentin, versus placebo. The investigators also plan to compare the risk of adverse events with adjunct gabapentin versus placebo with moderate sedation.

To test the hypotheses the investigators plan to enroll 130 participants who will be randomized 1 to 1 to receive either 600 mg gabapentin or placebo at the initiation of cervical preparation. Baseline characteristics will be recorded. Pain will be assessed pre-operatively, at 3 intraoperative time points, and postoperatively by 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS). The investigators plan to assess satisfaction with pain control, nausea, vomiting, and anxiety preoperatively and post-operatively, using 5-point Likert scales and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory, respectively. A final assessment will be made by phone on post-operative day one to evaluate overall satisfaction and perform a final screen for adverse events.

New features. No publications have evaluated the use of gabapentin during abortion care, although multiple studies are currently underway investigating gabapentin's effects during first trimester abortion and during overnight cervical osmotic dilators. To the investigators knowledge, this will be the first evaluation of gabapentin in conjunction with moderate sedation for pain relief during same-day second trimester abortion.
Recent treatment advances have resulted in significantly increased survival times following metastatic breast cancer (MBC) diagnosis. Novel treatment approaches-and their related side effects-have changed the landscape of MBC treatment decision-making. We developed a prototype of an online educational tool to prepare patients with MBC for shared decision-making with their oncologists. We describe the five phases of tool development: (1) in-depth, semi-structured qualitative interviews and (2) feedback on storyboards of initial content with patients with MBC and oncology providers. This was followed by three phases of iterative feedback with patients in which they responded to (3) initial, non-navigable website content and (4) a beta version of the full website. In the final phase (5), patients newly diagnosed with MBC (N = 6) used the website prototype for 1 week and completed surveys assessing acceptability, feasibility, treatment knowledge, preparation for decision-making, and self-efficacy for decision-making. Participants in Phase 1 characterized a cyclical process of MBC treatment decision-making and identified key information needs. Website content and structure was iteratively developed in Phases 2-4. Most participants in Phase 5 (n = 4) accessed the website 2-5 times. All participants who accessed the website at least once (n = 5) felt they learned new information from the website prototype and would recommend it to others newly-diagnosed with MBC. After using the website prototype, participants reported high preparation and self-efficacy for decision-making. This multiphase, iterative process resulted in a prototype intervention designed to support decision-making for MBC patients.
Critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP) is a very rare complication of sepsis and multi-organ failure. Herein, we report the first case of CIP reported in a patient on maintenance hemodialysis, who improved with rehabilitation. A 55-year-old male patient was emergently admitted with fever and altered consciousness and diagnosed with bacterial meningitis based on cerebral spinal fluid and cranial magnetic resonance imaging findings. Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus was detected in blood and cerebral spinal fluid cultures. Despite treatment with appropriate antibiotics, blood cultures were positive for 9 days and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were persistently elevated. Magnetic resonance imaging of hands and feet to determine infection origin revealed osteomyelitis in several fingers and toes, which required the amputation of 14 necrotic fingers and toes. Thereafter, blood cultures became negative and CRP levels declined. However, flaccid paralysis was noted in both upper and lower extremities during sepsis treatment. Nerve conduction studies showed peripheral axonal disorder in motor and sensory nerves, and CIP was determined as the cause of paralysis based on the fulfillment of all four CIP diagnostic criteria. The patient's muscle strength improved with early and appropriate medical treatment and physical therapy, and he was discharged home 147 days after admission. Prolonged high-level inflammation is a cause of CIP. Patients on hemodialysis, who are potentially immunosuppressed and vulnerable to infection, are at high risk for CIP. In patients on maintenance hemodialysis who develop flaccid paralysis during treatment for severe infection, CIP should be considered for early diagnosis and intervention.
BACKGROUND: Unbalanced inflammatory response is a critical feature of sepsis, a life-threatening condition with significant global health burdens. Immune dysfunction, particularly that involving different immune cells in peripheral blood, plays a crucial pathophysiological role and shows early warning signs in sepsis. The objective is to explore the relationship between sepsis and immune subpopulations in peripheral blood, and to identify patients with a higher risk of 28-day mortality based on immunological subtypes with machine-learning (ML) model.
METHODS: Patients were enrolled according to the sepsis-3 criteria in this retrospective observational study, along with age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Data on clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, and lymphocyte immunophenotyping were collected. XGBoost and k-means clustering as ML approaches, were employed to analyze the immune profiles and stratify septic patients based on their immunological subtypes. Cox regression survival analysis was used to identify potential biomarkers and to assess their association with 28-day mortality. The accuracy of biomarkers for mortality was determined by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) analysis.
RESULTS: The study enrolled 100 septic patients and 89 HCs, revealing distinct lymphocyte profiles between the two groups. The XGBoost model discriminated sepsis from HCs with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 1.0 and 0.99 in the training and testing set, respectively. Within the model, the top three highest important contributions were the percentage of CD38+CD8+T cells, PD-1+NK cells, HLA-DR+CD8+T cells. Two clusters of peripheral immunophenotyping of septic patients by k-means clustering were conducted. Cluster 1 featured higher proportions of PD1+ NK cells, while cluster 2 featured higher proportions of naïve CD4+T cells. Furthermore, the level of PD-1+NK cells was significantly higher in the non-survivors than the survivors (15.1% vs 8.6%, P<0.01). Moreover, the levels of PD1+ NK cells combined with SOFA score showed good performance in predicting the 28-day mortality in sepsis (AUC=0.91,95%CI 0.82-0.99), which is superior to PD1+ NK cells only(AUC=0.69, sensitivity 0.74, specificity 0.64, cut-off value of 11.25%). In the multivariate Cox regression, high expression of PD1+ NK cells proportion was related to 28-day mortality (aHR=1.34, 95%CI 1.19 to 1.50; P<0.001).
CONCLUSION: The study provides novel insights into the association between PD1+NK cell profiles and prognosis of sepsis. Peripheral immunophenotyping could potentially stratify the septic patients and identify those with a high risk of 28-day mortality.