anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Apart from studies in patients with VT or VF, described below, there are two other studies of amiodarone showing an antiarrhythmic effect before significant levels of DEA could have accumulated. A placebo-controlled study of intravenous amiodarone (300 mg over 2 hours followed by 1200 mg/day) in post-coronary artery bypass graft patients with supraventricular and 2- to 3-consecutive-beat ventricular arrhythmias showed a reduction in arrhythmias from 12 hours on. A baseline-controlled study using a similar IV regimen in patients with recurrent, refractory VT/VF also showed rapid onset of antiarrhythmic activity; amiodarone therapy reduced episodes of VT by 85% compared to baseline.

The acute effectiveness of intravenous amiodarone in suppressing recurrent VF or hemodynamically unstable VT is supported by two randomized, parallel, dose-response studies of approximately 300 patients each. In these studies, patients with at least two episodes of VF or hemodynamically unstable VT in the preceding 24 hours were randomly assigned to receive doses of approximately 125 or 1000 mg over the first 24 hours, an 8-fold difference. In one study, a middle dose of approximately 500 mg was evaluated. The dose regimen consisted of an initial rapid loading infusion, followed by a slower 6-hour loading infusion, and then an 18-hour maintenance infusion. The maintenance infusion was continued up to hour 48. Additional 10-minute infusions of 150 mg intravenous amiodarone were given for "breakthrough" VT/VF more frequently to the 125 mg dose group, thereby considerably reducing the planned 8-fold differences in total dose to 1.8- and 2.6-fold, respectively, in the two studies.

The prospectively defined primary efficacy end point was the rate of VT/VF episodes per hour. For both studies, the median rate was 0.02 episodes per hour in patients receiving the high dose and 0.07 episodes per hour in patients receiving the low dose, or approximately 0.5 versus 1.7 episodes per day (p=0.07, 2-sided, in both studies). In one study, the time to first episode of VT/VF was significantly prolonged (approximately 10 hours in patients receiving the low dose and 14 hours in patients receiving the high dose). In both studies, significantly fewer supplemental infusions were given to patients in the high-dose group. At the end of double-blind therapy or after 48 hours, all patients were given open access to whatever treatment (including intravenous amiodarone) was deemed necessary. Mortality was not affected in these studies.
The invention relates to compositions comprising an adenosine derivative and a deaminase inhibitor for the prevention and treatment of parasitic infections by eukaryotic organisms. Parasitic infections which are treatable and preventable with these compositions include malaria, trypanosomiasis, leishmania, toxoplasmosis, sarcocystis, pneumocystis, schistosomiasis, blood flukes and elephantiasis. The invention also relates to methods for utilizing these compositions in treatment regiments. Treatments may be either in vivo or in vitro. In vivo treatments involve administration of compositions of the invention to mammals suspected or at risk of being infected with a parasitic organism. In vitro treatments involve incubation of cells, tissues, biological products derived from living materials or foods with compositions of the invention to inhibit or prevent further infection.
PURPOSE:To obtain an oral preparation containing propylene glycol and other absorbefacient and having excellent solubilization and absorption promoting actions by oral administration. CONSTITUTION:This oral preparation contains (A) propylene glycol and (B) an absorbefacient other than the component A, e.g. polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil 60, citric acid, capric acid and pharmasol. The weight ratio of A:B is preferably 1:(9-2.5), especially 1:1. The oral preparation is used in the form of a capsule produced by coating the inner surface with a substance insoluble to the base such as the component A, e.g. ethyl cellulose at a coating film thickness of 10-60mum and the outer surface with an enteric substance such as cellulose acetate phthalate at a coating film thickness of 10-40mum.
The current standard of care for adjuvant treatment of oxaliplatin-ineligible patients with stage III dMMR colon cancer is fluoropyrimidine monotherapy. In the COLOPREDICT registry, the 3 years DFS rate for such patients \>70 years of age is 63% (95%CI: 53-75%). In contrast to patients with mismatch repair proficient (pMMR) colon cancer, however, it is not established whether patients with stage III dMMR colon cancer benefit from adjuvant fluoropyrimidine monotherapy at all. For patients with stage II colon cancer in an otherwise identical setting, there is no indication for adjuvant treatment due to a lack of clinical benefit compared to surgery alone. Clinical results suggests a similar situation for stage III malignancy. Siwemilar to other checkpoint inhibitors (CPI), the PD-L1 antibody atezolizumab demonstrated impressive activity and good tolerability in patients with metastatic dMMR CRC. Recently, the randomized phase III Keynote-177 trial was presented. In Keynote-177, patients with dMMR metastatic CRC were randomized to the PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab or to chemotherapy (mFOLFOX6 or FOLFIRI with or without bevacizumab or cetuximab as per Investigator's choice). Pembrolizumab treatment resulted in a statistically significant prolongation of Progression-free survival . In addition, side effects were lower with pembrolizumab and quality of life was improved compared to conventional chemotherapy. Thus, pembrolizumab will become the new standard of care in patients with dMMR metastatic CRC in first-line therapy.
The proposed study will include the individuals who participated in the baseline assessment of the InSight study at Pennington Biomedical in 2008-2009. These participants were not subjected to any intervention.
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to compare the effects of three mucoadhesive gels containing lidocaine, zinc acetate, and tannic acid on the gag reflex of dental patients.
METHODS: This randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 228 dental patients with gag reflex. The patients were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 57) of placebo, 2% lidocaine, 2% tannic acid, and 2% zinc acetate. The severity of the gag reflex of patients was initially scored by stimulating their soft and hard palate with a radiographic film using a 0-5 visual analog scale. After 5 min, mucoadhesive gels containing 2% lidocaine, zinc acetate, or tannic acid were applied on the hard and soft palate for 5-10 min, and the severity of the gag reflex was scored again. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and paired t-test for the single group comparison (alpha = 0.05).
RESULTS: The four groups had no significant difference in the baseline mean gag score (p = 0.05). The difference in the mean gag score was significant among the four groups after the intervention (p < 0.00), and the mean score in the experimental groups was significantly lower than that in the placebo group (p < 0.00). The difference in the mean gag score was not significant between the experimental groups (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The mucoadhesive gels containing 2% lidocaine, tannic acid, or zinc acetate significantly decreased the gag reflex in dental patients, with all three treatments showing comparable efficacy compared to the placebo. These findings suggest that each gel formulation is a viable alternative for managing the gag reflex during dental procedures.
A polypeptide inhibitor has an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1. Also provides application of the polypeptide inhibitor in preparing a medicament for inhibiting the activity of the protease USP30. Enzyme activity inhibition experiments prove that the polypeptide can effectively inhibit the deubiquitinating enzyme activity of USP30. The ubiquitin chain hydrolysis and mitochondrial deubiquitinating experiments prove that the polypeptide can effectively inhibit the catalytic activity of deubiquitinase USP30. The co-precipitation experiment, the cell heat migration experiment and the immunofluorescence co-localization experiment prove that the polypeptide can interact with USP30 protein in cells. Proved by western blot experiments of the mitochondrial autophagy-related protein, mitochondrial ATP content and mitochondrial mtDNA content detection experiments, the polypeptide can inhibit the catalytic activity of USP30 in cells and improve the level of mitochondrial autophagy.
The prognosis of the strategy in the therapy of gastroesophageal reflux disease comprises the analysis of the questionnaire of the general criteria of the response to the treatment of the acid-dependant diseases of the gastro-intestinal tract. The patients with the consistent daily complaints of the heartburn without any anxious symptoms are advised the trial course of the therapy using Pantoprasol at a dose of 40 mg twice a day after the meals. The significant decrease of the heartburn for three days is indicative non-erosion type of the gastroesophageal reflux disease with the probability of 90%. Then the treatment with Pantoprasol continues without endoscopic examination at a dose of 40 mg twice a day after the meals for 4 weeks or longer if necessary. When the trial treatment is not effective for 5-7 days, the erosive form of the gastroesophageal reflux disease is suggested. In such cases, Pantoprasol is prescribed at a dose of 40 mg twice a day after the meals for 8 weeks. After the treatment, the control endoscopy is performed. When the erosion of the esophagus is healed, the treatment with Pantoprasol continues depending on the clinical state of the patient.
Persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) have mobility deficits. Exercise is commonly used to treat these mobility deficits, but must be done so judiciously in order to limit the effects of fatigue, one of the most common disease findings. In persons with MS ,fatigue can limit the amount of exercise performed. Eccentric training, where a muscle is lengthened under resistance has been shown to produce greater gains in strength with less energy expenditure when compared to traditional strength training where a muscle is both lengthened and shortened under resistance. However, eccentric strength training has been shown to result in delayed onset muscle soreness, which may also limit how much exercise a person with MS can perform. The purpose of the study is to compare the impact of eccentric versus traditional strength training programs on fatigue and persons with multiple sclerosis. The hypothesis is that there will be no difference in fatigue measurements between the two conditions. If the hypothesis is correct, it will suggest that eccentric training should be the subject of further study to assess it's feasibility and effectiveness, in treating mobility deficits in person with multiple sclerosis.

A randomized crossover design will be used. Ambulatory participants with a diagnosis of MS will be randomized into either a eccentric or traditional training condition. Each training condition will consist of a single session of training. The following day, the patient will return and their levels of fatigue assessed. The next week, the subjects will return and crossover, undergoing whatever type of training they did not experience in the previous week, and the impact of the training will again be assessed.
OBJECTIVES: In 2021, the World Health Organisation (WHO) updated its guidelines for cervical screening from cytology testing to primary high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) testing. This change in testing has effectively led to a 'new disease' as women are now aware of having a virus that induces changes that can cause cancer, which they would have been unaware of previously. While current management involves a 'watch and wait' approach and no active treatment, the anxiety associated with having HR-HPV may prompt some women to seek 'treatments' outside the screening programme. ● to identify potential treatment options available for women with persistent HR-HPV and/or low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), i.e. ≤CIN 1. ● to determine the clinical effectiveness of these treatments, namely by: ◦ HR-HPV clearance rate, and/or: ◦ CIN regression.
METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. We included cohort studies and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) only. Records (n = 2135) were screened in Rayyan by two independent reviewers. Quality assessment was conducted using the ROBINS-I tool and the ROB-2 tool.
RESULTS: 12 studies (four cohort studies and eight RCTs) were included: six oral medications, two topical medications, one vaccination, and three non-surgical device treatments. Meta-analysis revealed that some therapeutic interventions, including vaginal gels, photodynamic therapy, and some oral medications, may lead to earlier resolution of persistent HR-HPV and regression of low-grade CIN when compared with natural clearance.
CONCLUSION: This review can better inform discussions with HR-HPV+ women and answer their questions about alternatives to surveillance.
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by necrotizing inflammation of small blood vessels. Glucocorticoids (GC) in combination with rituximab or cyclophosphamide can reduce AAV-related mortality and rescue renal function. However, several side effects associated with these agents, including GC toxicity, are concerning. Avacopan, an inhibitor of the C5a receptor, is now available for AAV treatment and is expected to mitigate GC toxicity. We present a case of myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA)-positive microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis treated with an early switch from GC to avacopan in combination with rituximab during induction therapy. Over a 6-month treatment period, clinical remission was achieved and maintained without infection or elevated liver enzyme levels. Efficacy and safety data regarding avacopan for AAV induction therapy remain limited. Therefore, more case reports are required to clarify the role of avacopan in AAV induction and maintenance therapy. Since the MPO-ANCA titer remained elevated despite the clinical remission of AAV in this case, the ANCA titer may not necessarily be a reliable biomarker for predicting AAV relapse when avacopan is applied as an induction therapy for AAV.
Patients should be instructed to read the accompanying Medication Guide with each new prescription and refill. The complete text of the Medication Guide is reprinted at the end of this document. Patients should be given the following information: 

  1. Patients should be instructed to take LUNESTA immediately prior to going to bed, and only if they can dedicate 8 hours to sleep. 
  2. Patients should be instructed not to take LUNESTA with alcohol or with other sedating medications. 
  3. Patients should be advised to consult with their physician if they have a history of depression, mental illness, or suicidal thoughts, have a history of drug or alcohol abuse, or have liver disease. 
  4. Women should be advised to contact their physician if they become pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or if they are nursing.
Bone Mineral Density

In clinical trials in adults living with HIV, TDF (a component of DELSTRIGO) was associated with slightly greater decreases in bone mineral density (BMD) and increases in biochemical markers of bone metabolism, suggesting increased bone turnover relative to comparators. Serum parathyroid hormone levels and 1,25 Vitamin D levels were also higher in participants receiving TDF.

Clinical trials evaluating TDF in pediatric participants were conducted. Under normal circumstances, BMD increases rapidly in pediatric patients. In participants 2 years to less than 18 years of age living with HIV, bone effects were similar to those observed in adult participants and suggest increased bone turnover. Total body BMD gain was less in the TDF-treated pediatric participants living with HIV as compared to the control groups. Similar trends were observed in chronic HBV-infected pediatric participants 2 years to less than 18 years of age. In all pediatric trials, normal skeletal growth (height) was not affected for the duration of the clinical trials.

The effects of TDF-associated changes in BMD and biochemical markers on long-term bone health and future fracture risk are unknown. Assessment of BMD should be considered for adult and pediatric patients living with HIV who have a history of pathologic bone fracture or other risk factors for osteoporosis or bone loss. Although the effect of supplementation with calcium and vitamin D was not studied, such supplementation may be beneficial in all patients. If bone abnormalities are suspected, then appropriate consultation should be obtained.

Mineralization Defects

Cases of osteomalacia associated with proximal renal tubulopathy, manifested as bone pain or pain in extremities and which may contribute to fractures, have been reported in association with the use of TDF [see Adverse Reactions (6.2)]. Arthralgias and muscle pain or weakness have also been reported in cases of proximal renal tubulopathy. Hypophosphatemia and osteomalacia secondary to proximal renal tubulopathy should be considered in patients at risk of renal dysfunction who present with persistent or worsening bone or muscle symptoms while receiving products containing TDF [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].
The invention discloses a rhinitis therapeutic device. The physical approach of the device is that a hollow plastic tube and a plastic clip are manufactured with non-toxic and harmless plastic according to the shape of nostrils, wherein the plastic contains anti-allergic ingredients, and specific choice can be made according to constitutive characters and personal preference. The plastic tube can be manufactured in a single-tube mode or a double-tube mode, wherein the single tube is inserted into and blocks the nostril on one side, and the two tubes can be connected and inserted into both nostrils until a nasal septum is straightened. The medical approach of the device is that the surface of the plastic tube or the plastic clip is coated with traditional Chinese medicine composition which is used for treatment of nasosinusitis and composed of tendril-leaved fritillary bulbs, monkshood, ginkgo, chrysanthemum, concha ostreae scorpion, shi ying bu, ginseng, pseudo-ginseng, lilac daphne flower buds and antler tablets. According to sci-tech novelty retrieval and expert consultation, the therapeutic method and the device are unavailable neither in China nor abroad, and a therapeutic method which combines medicine and the physical device and is convenient and easy to realize is unavailable neither. Therefore, the rhinitis therapeutic device is disclosed.
BACKGROUND: Prolonged use of glucocorticoids (GCs) potentially lead to a condition known as GCs-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (GIONFH). The primary mechanisms underlying this phenomenon lies in stem cells and endothelial cells dysfunctions. Morroniside, an iridoid glycoside sourced from Cornus officinalis, possesses numerous biological capabilities, including combating oxidative stress, preventing apoptosis, opposing ischemic effects, and promoting the regeneration of bone tissue.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to analyze the impact of Morroniside on Dexamethasone (DEX)-induced dysfunction in stem cells and endothelial cells, and its potential as a therapeutic agent for GIONFH in rat models.
METHODS: ROS assay, JC-1 assay, and TUNEL assay were used to detect oxidative stress and apoptosis levels in vitro. For the evaluation of the osteogenic capability of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, we employed ALP and ARS staining. Additionally, the angiogenic ability of endothelial cells was assessed using tube formation assay and migration assay. Microcomputed tomography analysis, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and immunohistochemical staining were utilized to evaluate the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of Morroniside.
RESULTS: Morroniside mitigates DEX-induced excessive ROS expression and cell apoptosis, effectively reducing oxidative stress and alleviating cell death. In terms of osteogenesis, Morroniside reverses DEX-induced osteogenic impairment, as evidenced by enhanced ALP and ARS staining, as well as increased osteogenic protein expression. In angiogenesis, Morroniside counteracts DEX-induced vascular dysfunction, demonstrated by an increase in tube-like structures in tube formation assays, a rise in the number of migrating cells, and elevated levels of angiogenic proteins. In vivo, our results further indicate that Morroniside alleviates the progression of GIONFH.
CONCLUSION: The experimental findings suggest that Morroniside concurrently mitigates stem cell and endothelial cell dysfunction through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo. These outcomes suggest that Morroniside serves as a potential therapeutic agent for GIONFH.
A new population of peripheral helper T (Tph) cells has been identified and contributed to various autoimmune diseases. Tph cells can secrete interleukin-21 (IL-21), interferon (IFN) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) to moderate renal disease. Moreover, Tph cells can congregate in huge numbers and immerse within inflamed tissue. Compared to Tfh cells, Tph cells express high programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), major histocompatibility complex II (MHC-II), C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) and C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) but often lack expression of the chemokine receptor C-X-C chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5). They display features distinct from other T cells, which are uniquely poised to promote responses and antibody production of B cells within pathologically inflamed non-lymphoid tissues and a key feature of Tph cells. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the role of Tph cells in chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, kidney transplantation and various renal diseases.
BACKGROUND: Patients undergoing major oncological abdominal surgery are prone to postoperative complications, making early recognition crucial. Clinical deterioration is often preceded by changes in vital signs, which are typically measured thrice a day by a nurse. However, intermittent measurements may delay recognizing clinical deterioration. Continuous vital parameter monitoring may lead to earlier recognition and management of complications and reduce nursing workload.
OBJECTIVE: To compare vital parameter measurements between ward nurses and a wireless continuous monitoring system (Sensium® wireless patch) and assess whether this patch can detect clinical deterioration earlier in patients with complications in the first postoperative week.
METHODS: Vital parameters (heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature) were collected in patients undergoing an oncological resection of the liver, colorectal, or pancreas. Sensium® patch measurements were compared to nurses' measurements to assess the percentages of discordant measurements. In patients with complications in the first postoperative week, time discrepancies between nurses and Sensium® patch measurements were identified in cases of clinical deterioration (respiratory rate ≥15/min, heart rate ≥100/min, and temperature ≥38°C).
RESULTS: Among 227 patients, 22% of the patients experienced complications. Nurse and Sensium® measurements were discrepant in 586/2272 measurements (26%). In 506/586 discrepancies (86%), this was due to the respiratory rate (difference ≥4/min). Compared to nurses, the Sensium® patch detected an elevated respiratory rate 14 h earlier and heart rate 2 h earlier within complications in the first postoperative week. For temperature, no difference was observed.
CONCLUSION: Continuous monitoring with the Sensium® wireless patch holds promise for earlier recognition of complications in patients who underwent major oncological abdominal surgery.