anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The EURopean trial On reduction of cardiac events with Perindopril in stable coronary Artery disease (EUROPA) was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study conducted in   
12,218 patients who had evidence of stable coronary artery disease without clinical heart failure. Patients had evidence of coronary artery disease documented by previous myocardial infarction more than 3 months before screening, coronary revascularization more than 6 months before screening, angiographic evidence of stenosis (at least 70% narrowing of one or more major coronary arteries), or positive stress test in men with a history of chest pain. After a run-in period of 4 weeks during which all patients received perindopril 2 mg to 8 mg, the patients were randomly assigned to perindopril 8 mg once daily (n=6,110) or matching placebo (n=6,108). The mean follow-up was 4.2 years. The study examined the long-term effects of perindopril on time to first event of cardiovascular mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or cardiac arrest in patients with stable coronary artery disease. The mean age of patients was 60 years; 85% were male, 92% were taking platelet inhibitors, 63% were taking β blockers, and 56% were taking lipid-lowering therapy. The EUROPA study showed that perindopril significantly reduced the relative risk for the primary endpoint events (Table 1). This beneficial effect is largely attributable to a reduction in the risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction. This beneficial effect of perindopril on the primary outcome was evident after about one year of treatment (Figure 1). The outcome was similar across all predefined subgroups by age, underlying disease or concomitant medication (Figure 2). 

CI=confidence interval; RRR: relative risk reduction; MI: myocardial infarction
PURPOSE:To carry out flaming giving a glossy finish on the surface of an oil based solid cosmetic such as lip stick, etc., by instantaneously treating the surface of the oil based solid cosmetic using high temperature flame made by premixed combustion of a flammable gas and oxygen. CONSTITUTION:By treating the surface of an oil based solid cosmetic using high temperature flame made by premixed combustion of a flammable gas and oxygen, it is able to bring average size of solid oil crystals to <=0.5mum and obtain smooth and glossy surfaces according to the flaming. Lip cream, eyebrow pencil, eye liner, eye shadow, cheek rouge, hair stick, foundation are examples of the oil based cosmetics. Methane, propane, butane, acetylene, natural gas, LPG, city gas are examples of flammable gases. This flaming method is easy in combustion operation and it is able to easily obtain suitable high temperature flame. It is advantageous to be able to extremely shorten flaming time by using high temperature flame.
Chest pain, a common initial symptom in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients, is closely linked to myocardial ischemia, despite the absence of significant coronary artery stenosis. This study explored microvascular dysfunction in HCM patients by employing angiography-derived microcirculatory resistance (AMR) as a novel tool for comprehensive assessment. This retrospective analysis included HCM patients with chest pain as the primary symptom and control patients without cardiac hypertrophy during the same period. The AMR was computed through angiography, providing a wire-free and adenosine-free index for evaluating microcirculatory function. Propensity score matching ensured balanced demographics between groups. This study also investigated the correlation between the AMR and clinical outcomes by utilizing echocardiography and follow-up data. After matching, 76 HCM patients and 152 controls were analyzed. While there was no significant difference in the incidence of epicardial coronary stenosis, the AMR of three epicardial coronary arteries was markedly greater in HCM patients. The criterion of an AMR ≥ 250 mmHg*s/m was that 65.7% of HCM patients experienced coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). Independent risk factors for CMD included increased left ventricular (LV) wall thickness (OR = 1.209, 95% CI 1.013-1.443, p = 0.036). Furthermore, an AMR_LAD ≥ 250 mmHg*s/m had an increased cumulative risk of the endpoint (log-rank p = 0.023) and was an independent risk factor for the endpoint (HR = 11.64, 95% CI 1.13-120.03, p = 0.039), providing valuable prognostic insights.
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that respiratory diseases are associated with an increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, whether there is a correlation between chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and RA is not known. Due to the high incidence of CRS, it remains to be clarified whether we should pay additional attention to RA risk in the huge population of CRS.
METHODS: We used a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal effects of CRS on the incidence of RA. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach was used as the main analysis in the MR randomization study. Then, we used the data from the U.K. Biobank to examine the association between RA and CRS at the individual level in a prospective cohort. We identified patients with CRS at the time of recruitment and further followed the incidence of RA until 2021. The risk of developing RA in patients with CRS was determined by a multivariate Cox regression model. We used 3 multivariate Cox models to adjust for individual characteristics, lifestyle factors and concomitant diseases, respectively.
RESULTS: The MR analysis by the IVW model suggested that the odds ratio of RA associated with genetically predicted CRS was 2.39 (95% CI [1.08-5.30]; p  =  .032). In the first multivariate model adjusting for individual characteristics, CRS was associated with a 47% increase of risk of developing RA (hazard ratio [HR]  =  1.47; 95% CI [1.12-1.90]). In the second multivariate model adjusting for lifestyle factors, the HR of RA associated with CRS was 1.48 (95% CI [1.15-1.90]). In the third multivariate model, chronic sinusitis was associated with a 32% increase in RA risk (HR  =  1.32; 95% CI [1.03-1.70]).
CONCLUSION: CRS has a genetically causal effect on the incidence of RA, and the risk of RA is greatly higher in CRS at the individual level. This is the first study to reveal an association between CRS and RA. Due to the high incidence of CRS, it is recommended that additional attention should be paid to the increased RA risk in patients with CRS compared to that in common people.
The high prevalence of stroke is a global problem causing well-known long-term disabilities. Post-stroke lower-extremity spasticity may cause severe functional limitations and pain. Spasticity is a phenomenon defined as disordered sensory-motor control, resulting from upper motor neuron (UMN) lesion, presenting as intermittent or sustained involuntary activation of muscles . Spasticity may interfere with motor function, and is a common reason for clinical interventions such as by physiotherapy, use of orthoses or other technical devices or drugs. Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) is a potent neurotoxin that is produced by the bacterium clostridium botulinum. BoNT-A, by blocking acetylcholine release at neuromuscular junctions, accounts for its therapeutic action to relieve dystonia, spasticity, and related disorders.

Unfortunately, intramuscular injections of botulinum often carried out when the patients have obvious spasticity . It is normally given until the clinical signs of an elevated muscle tone have become established; therefore it is usually given at least three months after stroke , . It will impede the rehabilitation of the patients. Accordingly, the present study asked whether an early calf muscle injection of low dose BoNT-A in severely affected patients within 6 weeks after stroke could help to hold back disabling muscle spasticity and improve walking dysfunction along 24 weeks fellow up trail.

This is a randomized, open-label, controlled trial along 24-weeks trails. Referred sample of adult subacute stroke patients (within 6 weeks since stroke, n=30) with mild spasticity of calf muscle will be included. Patients were randomly allocated to BoNT-A treatment group (15 patients) and control group (15 patients). In BoNT-A treatment group patients received 200 units BoNT-A injection in the triceps surae (150iu) and tibial muscle posterior (50iu). No special treatment was performed in the control group. Both groups received comprehensive rehabilitation for 8 weeks. Lower limbs Fugl-Meyer (FM) score, calf muscle modified Ashworth scale assess (MAS), gastrocnemius surface electromyography (sEMG) evaluation and modified Barthel index (MBI) were assessed before and 8, 12, 24 weeks after treatment. Gait analysis (step length，cadence，speed), 6-min walking distance were assessed 8, 12, 24 weeks after injection.
PTSD is highly prevalent in Veterans and is associated with significant psychiatric and medical comorbidity, as well as poor quality of life. Despite its prevalence and impact, the success of currently available treatments is mixed, highlighting the need for novel approaches that aim to reduce symptoms and improve outcomes. Prior research demonstrated that reduced activity in a part of the brain, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC), is associated with an inability to regulate fear responses, preventing the generation of safety memories and allowing PTSD symptoms to persist. Targeting the VMPFC with non-invasive electrical brain stimulation may therefore alleviate these symptoms.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a type of non-invasive brain stimulation that may enhance the likelihood of neuronal activity in the VMPFC. In doing so, tDCS prepares the brain to respond to external stimuli and to facilitate learning and memory. Because therapeutic success from exposure to trauma-related content - as used in exposure-based therapy for PTSD - is thought to be based on an adaptive learning process, applying tDCS in combination with exposure to trauma cues may effectively boost exposure-based learning. In this study, investigators at the VA Providence Healthcare System will use a standardized virtual reality (VR) setting to deliver trauma-related content. The virtual reality setting involves three, 8-minute driving scenarios, constituting one VR session, which consist of VR stimuli (sights, sounds, smells, etc.) often encountered in combat training and in theater.

Eligible participants will be randomized to receive six sessions of either active tDCS plus virtual reality (tDCS+VR) or sham tDCS+VR. Clinical and self-report assessments will be completed at baseline, midpoint, and endpoint, as well as 1 and 3 months following the final VR session. Primary outcome measures occur at the 1 month timepoint. Psychophysiology (skin conductance reactivity) will be collected throughout each VR session to capture habituation. Participants will also undergo a MRI before and after completion of all six active or sham tDCS+VR sessions to assess change over time. Additionally, MRI data will be used for electrical field modeling to predict treatment response based on individually obtained electrical field values in PTSD relevant neural circuitry. Participants may also choose to participate in an optional pre-active or sham tDCS+VR session EEG and an optional 1-month follow-up MRI.
Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is an advanced optical technology that combines spectroscopy and imaging, providing a non-destructive approach for clinical diagnosis. In recent years, hyperspectral imaging has emerged as a prominent research topic in the field of applied medicine. Liver transplantation is considered the most effective treatment for end-stage liver disease; however, the scarcity of donor livers and the growing number of patients awaiting transplantation pose significant challenges to global organ transplantation. The evaluation of donor livers has always been a focal point in liver transplantation. Currently, clinical evaluation relies heavily on subjective judgment by transplant physicians based on general appearance and touch assessments, along with clinical examinations and pathological biopsy results. Nevertheless, studies have demonstrated that these methods are not entirely reliable for assessing liver quality. Therefore, it is crucial to identify additional evaluation parameters and establish a convenient, reliable, and non-invasive method to assess donor liver quality. This study aims to analyze hyperspectral imaging data alongside clinical test data and recipient complications occurring between June 2022 to June 2024 to evaluate the quality of donor livers using hyperspectral imaging technology while exploring potential evaluation parameters.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a hair restorer which exhibits excellent growth facilitative effect on hair, permits inhibiting the discoloration at high temperature or the generation of a foul smell and shows excellent stability at low temperature to high temperature by including a fatty acid glyceride which possesses an odd number of carbon chain length and contains a specific amount of free glyceral. SOLUTION: This hair restorer is obtained by including a fatty acid glyceride, e.g. monopentadecanic acid glyceride, monopropionic acid glyceride, or the like, which possesses an odd number of carbon chain length and contains 0.01-5 wt.% of free glycerol, preferably in a proportion of 0.1-10 wt.%. This fatty acid glyceride is usable as a hair restorer in a form of hair tonic, hair spray, hair lotion, hair cream, hair liquid, shampoo, rinse, conditioner, or the like, by dissolving the fatty acid glyceride into a solvent, e.g. water, ethanol, or the like, and formulating e.g. an ester, a polyhydric alcohol, or the like, as an auxiliary component and a vitamin, a hormone, or the like, as an active ingredient at the same time.
Disclosed are immunogens and peptides based on the binding site of gC1q-R for HIV-1 gp120 and immunogens and peptides based on the binding site of HIV-1 gp120 for gC1q-R. The sequence of the gC1q-R binding site for gp120 is shown in SEQ ID NO.: 2. The sequence of the HIV-1 gp120 binding site for gC1q-R is shown in SEQ ID NO.: 3. Also disclosed are antibodies and binding molecules to all such immunogens and peptides, and inducing the endogenous production of such antibodies.
An object of the present invention is to provide a novel makeup cosmetic successfully producing a bright fluorescent color and providing transparency (clearness). The present invention provides a makeup cosmetic comprising: (A) at least one or two or more kinds of oil-soluble dye selected from the group consisting of Red No. 218, Red No. 223 and Orange No. 201, (B) a particle of a specific material selected from hydroxyapatite, calcium carbonate, a metal oxide (except iron oxide) and silica, and (C) an oily component, wherein the content of a pigment is 0.5 mass% or less; and the content of water is less than 1.5 mass%. The makeup cosmetic of the present invention can produce a bright fluorescent color as well as transparency, and is suitable as a lipstick, a blusher or an eyeshadow.
Teratogenic Effects

Pregnancy Category C. 

Amphetamine, in the enantiomer ratio present in ADDERALL XR (d- to l- ratio of 3:1), had no apparent effects on embryofetal morphological development or survival when orally administered to pregnant rats and rabbits throughout the period of organogenesis at doses of up to 6 and 16 mg/kg/day, respectively. These doses are approximately 2 and 12 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) for adolescents of 20 mg/day, on a mg/m2 body surface area basis. Fetal malformations and death have been reported in mice following parenteral administration of d-amphetamine doses of 50 mg/kg/day (approximately 10 times the MRHD for adolescents on a mg/m2 basis) or greater to pregnant animals. Administration of these doses was also associated with severe maternal toxicity.

A study was conducted in which pregnant rats received daily oral doses of amphetamine (d- to l- enantiomer ratio of 3:1, the same as in ADDERALL XR) of 2, 6, and 10 mg/kg from gestation day 6 to lactation day 20. These doses are approximately 0.8, 2, and 4 times the MRHD for adolescents of 20 mg/day, on a mg/m2 basis. All doses caused hyperactivity and decreased weight gain in the dams. A decrease in pup survival was seen at all doses. A decrease in pup bodyweight was seen at 6 and 10 mg/kg which correlated with delays in developmental landmarks. Increased pup locomotor activity was seen at 10 mg/kg on day 22 postpartum but not at 5 weeks postweaning. When pups were tested for reproductive performance at maturation, gestational weight gain, number of implantations, and number of delivered pups were decreased in the group whose mothers had been given 10 mg/kg.

A number of studies in rodents indicate that prenatal or early postnatal exposure to amphetamine (d- or d, l-), at doses similar to those used clinically, can result in long-term neurochemical and behavioral alterations. Reported behavioral effects include learning and memory deficits, altered locomotor activity, and changes in sexual function.

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. There has been one report of severe congenital bony deformity, tracheo-esophageal fistula, and anal atresia (vater association) in a baby born to a woman who took dextroamphetamine sulfate with lovastatin during the first trimester of pregnancy. Amphetamines should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Nonteratogenic Effects

Infants born to mothers dependent on amphetamines have an increased risk of premature delivery and low birth weight. Also, these infants may experience symptoms of withdrawal as demonstrated by dysphoria, including agitation, and significant lassitude.
An increased incidence of endometrial changes including hyperplasia and polyps has been reported in association with tamoxifen treatment. The incidence and pattern of this increase suggest that the underlying mechanism is related to the estrogenic properties of tamoxifen.

There have been a few reports of endometriosis and uterine fibroids in women receiving tamoxifen. The underlying mechanism may be due to the partial estrogenic effect of tamoxifen. Ovarian cysts have also been observed in a small number of premenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer who have been treated with tamoxifen.

Tamoxifen has been reported to cause menstrual irregularity or amenorrhea.
Data related to the adherence of a patient to a therapy regime can be collected from multiple medical devices 102, 108, each of which may have an incomplete data set with data entries associated with times. Each incomplete data set represents a portion of a complete data set. The data sets can be integrated to create a complete data set with data entries from each incomplete data set being arranged in a temporal sequence with respect to one another. A report may be generated, the report having the data entries of the complete data set or a function of the data entries of the complete data set. The report may comprise an indicator derived from the data entries, the indicator being related to the patient’s adherence to the therapy regime. The medical devices may be positive airway pressure (PAP) devices.
Patients will be evaluated both face-to-face and via tele-assessment (video conference call). In these evaluations, ICARS and SARA will be used. Face-to-face and tele-assessments will be applied on the same day, the order of administration will be decided by the randomization method, and a 10-minute rest will be given between the assessments.The interview will be recorded during the tele-assessment and a re-assessment will be made on the same recording 1 week later. Face-to-face assessment will be done as routinely done in the clinic. Face-to-face and tele-assessments will be made by 3 different assessors. Assessors will be blind to each other's assessment. All assessments will be carried out at Hacettepe University Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation.
We studied mean changes in birthweight from the first to the second delivery according to length of the inter-pregnancy interval. We also studied recurrence risk of low birthweight, preterm birth and perinatal death. We followed all women in Norway from their first to their second singleton delivery at gestational week 22 or beyond during the years 1970-2019, a total of 654 100 women. Data were obtained from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Mean birthweight increased from the first to the second delivery, and the increase was highest in pregnancies conceived < 6 months after the first delivery; adjusted mean birthweight increase 227 g (g) (95% CI; 219-236 g), 90 g higher than in pregnancies conceived 6-11 months after the first delivery (137 g (95% CI; 130-144 g)). After exclusion of women with a first stillbirth, the mean increase in birthweight at inter-pregnancy interval < 6 months was attenuated (152 g, 95% CI; 143-160 g), but remained higher than at longer inter-pregnancy intervals. This finding was particularly prominent in women > 35 years (218 g, 95% CI; 139 -298 g). In women with a first live born infant weighing < 2500 g, mean birthweight increased by around 1000 g to the second delivery, and the increase was most prominent at < 6 months inter-pregnancy interval. We found increased recurrence risk of preterm birth at inter-pregnancy interval < 6 months, but no increased recurrence risk of low birthweight, small for gestational age infant or perinatal death. In conclusion, we found the highest mean increase in birthweight when the inter-pregnancy interval was short. Our results do not generally discourage short pregnancy intervals.
All women who are admitted for labor at Ayder Referral Hospital in Mekelle, Ethiopia will be asked to participate and a physician will obtain consent. If an indication arises and they are designated to receive EFM per previously established standard practice at Ayder Hospital, then their patient information will be collected. Patients who require EFM will be asked to provide basic health and demographic information, along with collection of information on labor and delivery course, post-partum outcome, and neonatal outcomes. The investigators estimate enrollment of up to 1800 patients which will result in at least 300 patients who will require EFM.