anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Erdafitinib was approved by FDA in 2019 for patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma with susceptible FGFR alterations. Blocking the FGF/FGFR signaling axis by tyrosine kinase inhibitors was proved to be a successful therapeutic strategy in numerous tumor types. Erdafitinib was the first approved FGFR-TKI for treating metastatic urothelial carcinoma based on remarkable results of the phase II trial (BLC2001), that enrolled 212 patients of whom 101 patients was treated with uptitration dose of 9mg daily. The median follow-up for efficacy was 24 months (IQR 22.7\*26.6). The objective response rate was 40% (95% CI) of 101 patients of uptitration group. The common grade 3-4 adverse events were stomatitis and hyponatremia4. A phase III trial (NCT03390504) is being performed to compare the efficacy of Erdafitinib versus Vinflunine or Docetaxel or Pembrolizumab in advanced urothelial cancer. Multiple clinical trials are being conducted on the effectiveness of Erdafitinib in a variety of cancers that harbors FGFR alterations. These indicate the potential to improve control in this rare disease which otherwise is devastating and associated with a very high likelihood of recurrence and poor survival.
Participants randomized to the intervention group will be provided access to a portable pedal exercise machine, a pedometer and a worksite wellness motivational website for 12 weeks. As part of this website, participants will be emailed behavioral intervention materials a maximum of three times per week targeted at reducing sedentary time.
BACKGROUND: Nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) are a significant subtype of pituitary tumors, accounting for 30% of all pituitary tumors and 10-20% of intracranial tumors. The primary treatment for NFPAs is resection, but complete resection is often challenging due to the tumor's proximity to critical structures, leading to frequent recurrences. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has emerged as a viable treatment option for recurrent or residual NFPAs, but its long-term efficacy and safety profile require further investigation.
METHODS: This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and included studies published up to February 2024. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases for studies evaluating SRS for recurrent/residual NFPAs. Inclusion criteria focused on studies reporting outcomes and complications of SRS, while exclusion criteria omitted case reports, case series, and non-English studies. Data extracted included demographic details, dosimetry parameters, and follow-up durations. The risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool, and statistical analyses were performed using single-arm meta-analyses.
RESULTS: A total of 24 studies involving 3,781 patients were included. The mean follow-up duration was 60 months. Tumor control was achieved in approximately 92.3% of patients. The risk of developing hypopituitarism post-SRS was 13.62%, while the risk for panhypopituitarism was 2.55%. New visual field deficits occurred in 3.94% of patients. Cranial nerve deficits were rare, with event rates below 1% for CN III, CN V, and CN VI.
CONCLUSION: SRS is effective in managing recurrent or residual NFPAs, achieving high tumor control rates. However, the risk of hypopituitarism remains a significant concern, necessitating regular endocrinological monitoring. While generally safe, the potential for new visual field deficits and other cranial nerve deficits must be considered. SRS remains a valuable treatment option, but clinicians should be aware of its potential complications.
Preclinical assessments of pain have often relied upon behavioral measurements and anesthetized neurophysiological recordings. Current technologies enabling large-scale neural recordings, however, have the potential to unveil quantifiable pain signals in conscious animals for preclinical studies. Although pain processing is distributed across many brain regions, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is of particular interest in isolating these signals given its suggested role in the affective ("unpleasant") component of pain. Here, we explored the utility of the ACC toward preclinical pain research using head-mounted miniaturized microscopes to record calcium transients in freely moving male mice expressing genetically encoded calcium indicator 6f (GCaMP6f) under the Thy1 promoter. We verified the expression of GCaMP6f in excitatory neurons and found no intrinsic behavioral differences in this model. Using a multimodal stimulation paradigm across naive, pain, and analgesic conditions, we found that while ACC population activity roughly scaled with stimulus intensity, single-cell representations were highly flexible. We found only low-magnitude increases in population activity after complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and insufficient evidence for the existence of a robust nociceptive ensemble in the ACC. However, we found a temporal sharpening of response durations and generalized increases in pairwise neural correlations in the presence of the mechanistically distinct analgesics gabapentin or ibuprofen after (but not before) CFA-induced inflammatory pain. This increase was not explainable by changes in locomotion alone. Taken together, these results highlight challenges in isolating distinct pain signals among flexible representations in the ACC but suggest a neurophysiological hallmark of analgesia after pain that generalizes to at least two analgesics.
Participants will receive vaccination of ExPEC4V dose as an intramuscular (IM) injection into deltoid muscle on Days 1 and 181. The ExPEC4V doses contain polysaccharide antigen (4:4:4:8 microgram \[mcg\]) from the ExPEC4V serotypes O1A, O2, O6A, and O25B.
No side effects or manifestations not seen with either compound alone have been reported with the administration of chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride and clidinium bromide capsules. However, since chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride and clidinium bromide capsules contain chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride and clidinium bromide, the possibility of untoward effects which may be seen with either of these two compounds cannot be excluded. 

When chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride has been used alone the necessity of discontinuing therapy because of undesirable effects has been rare. Drowsiness, ataxia and confusion have been reported in some patients — particularly the elderly and debilitated. While these effects can be avoided in almost all instances by proper dosage adjustment, they have occasionally been observed at the lower dosage ranges. In a few instances syncope has been reported. 

Other adverse reactions reported during therapy with chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride include isolated instances of skin eruptions, edema, minor menstrual irregularities, nausea and constipation, extrapyramidal symptoms, as well as increased and decreased libido. Such side effects have been infrequent and are generally controlled with reduction of dosage. Changes in EEG patterns (low-voltage fast activity) have been observed in patients during and after chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride treatment. 

Blood dyscrasias, including agranulocytosis, jaundice and hepatic dysfunction have occasionally been reported during therapy with chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride. When chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride treatment is protracted, periodic blood counts and liver function tests are advisable. 

Adverse effects reported with use of chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride and clidinium bromide capsules are those typical of anticholinergic agents, i.e. dryness of the mouth, blurring of vision, urinary hesitancy and constipation. Constipation has occurred most often when chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride and clidinium bromide capsules therapy has been combined with other spasmolytic agents and/or a low residue diet. 

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Amneal Pharmaceuticals at 1-877-835-5472 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
BACKGROUND: The progression and persistence of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI) are strongly linked to local inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. Cyclophilin A (CypA), a pro-inflammatory factor, is involved in various cardiovascular diseases. However, the role and mechanism of action of CypA in MI/RI are still not fully understood.
METHODS: We used the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for bioinformatic analysis. We collected blood samples from patients and controls for detecting the levels of serum CypA using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. We then developed a myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury model in wild-type (WT) mice and Ppia-/- mice. We utilized echocardiography, hemodynamic measurements, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining to determine the role of CypA in myocardial I/R injury. Finally, we conducted an in vitrostudy, cell transfection, flow cytometry, RNA interference, and a co-immunoprecipitation assay to clarify the mechanism of CypA in aggravating cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
RESULTS: We found that CypA inhibited TXNIP degradation to enhance oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis during MI/RI. By comparing and analyzing CypA expression in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease and in healthy controls, we found that CypA was upregulated in patients with Coronary Atmospheric Heart Disease, and its expression was positively correlated with Gensini scores. In addition, CypA deficiency decreased cytokine expression, oxidative stress, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in I/R-treated mice, eventually alleviating cardiac dysfunction. CypA knockdown also reduced H2O2-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells. Mechanistically, we found that CypA inhibited K48-linked ubiquitination mediated by atrophin-interacting protein 4 (AIP4) and proteasomal degradation of TXNIP, a thioredoxin-binding protein that mediates oxidative stress and induces apoptosis.
CONCLUSION: These findings highlight the critical role CypA plays in myocardial injury caused by oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, indicating that CypA can be a viable biomarker and a therapeutic target candidate for MI/RI.
This is a 16 week, double-blind, randomized pilot study, which proposes to recruit 24 patients with schizophrenia, or schizoaffective disorders (DSM 5), who are overweight or obese (BMI \>25) and have prediabetes or type 2 diabetes. Randomization occurs on a 2:1 basis, with 16 patients randomised to metformin, and 8 to placebo. Metfomin/placebo is dispensed monthly. The baseline and /or screening visit includes a physical exam (including anthropometric measures), medical history, fasting blood work (glucose, insulin, HbA1c, lipids, electrolytes, thyroid, liver/kidney function), in addition to a urine drug screen. Women of child-bearing age are given a pregnancy test. Patients who meet inclusion criteria and consent to the study have an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and a baseline abdominal and brain MRI (to respectively assess visceral adiposity, a key risk factor for CV disease, and hippocampal volumes). Anthropometric measures and pill counts are repeated bi-weekly. At week 8, fasting insulin/glucose, HbA1C, and liver function tests are measured. End of study measures (week 16), include the same panel of bloodwork conducted at baseline, as well as a repeat OGTT, and an abdominal and brain MRI. Rountine psychopathology scales, including BPRS, CGI, and CDS will be measured at baseline, and week 16. The Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) will also be completed at baseline, and study end.
The invention discloses a type I interferon receptor antibody and application thereof. The invention provides a monoclonal antibody or an antigen binding part thereof of IFN ALPHA 1 and a hybridoma cell strain secreting the antibody, wherein the preservation number of the hybridoma cell strain is CGMCC No.12542 or CGMCC No. 12543. The antibody provided by the invention not only can be combined with a type I interferon receptor, but also can inhibit the biological activity of the type I interferon. The invention also provides immunoconjugates, bispecific molecules and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the antibodies of the invention. The immunoconjugates, bispecific molecules and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the antibodies of the invention provided herein are useful for the treatment, prevention or diagnosis of a variety of type I interferon-mediated diseases.
PURPOSE:To obtain a testosterone-5alpha-reductase inhibitor having excellently preventing effects on removal of hair, hair growing and restoring effects as a hair tonic or skin external preparation, containing an extract of rosaceous plant. CONSTITUTION:Flower, pericarp, fruit, leaf, root, stem, etc., of rosaceous plant such as peach, Rosa rugasa, Rosa odorata, flower of Rosa odorata, R. coptophyllus, Rosa centifolia, sanguisorba officinalis L. or Pseudocydonia siensis is extracted with an organic solvent (e.g. acetone) or a carbon dioxide gas. At least one of the extracts is contained to prepare the objective substance. The extract of rosaceous plant is blended with an extract of plant such as Swertia japonica, Angellicae acutiloba, Panax ginseng, Zingiber officinale or Rhemannia glutinosa to prepare the objective substance. The objective substance can be processed into a dosage form such as solution, milky lotion, ointment, cream, gel of toilet lotion or aerosol.
Patients in this group are treated with clear aligners produced directly by the clinician. The physical model production step is eliminated with direct production technique.Intraoral scan images were obtained from these patients with the 3Shape TRIOS (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) scanning device. Then, the 3D scan images were transferred to the Maestro 3D Dental Studio (New Age, Pisa, Italy) computer software. Using these scan images, the teeth were gradually moved according to the planned final treatment result. The number of transparent plates required is calculated by the program according to the total amount of planned tooth movement. Then, Tera Harz TC-85DAC (Graphy, Seoul, Korea) resin and Asiga MAX UV (Asiga, Sydney, Australia) 3D printer were used for the direct production of the plates designed in the program. The aligners produced were then delivered to the patients.
GROUP A will receive pre-intervention evaluation that includes baseline measurements using the Manual Ability Classification Scale (MACS), Paediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI), Goal Attainment Scale (GAS), and Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) at 0 weeks.Participants will receive the modified physical activity program, the experimental group will take part. This program will involve adapted exercises, physical therapy, or modified sports, all aimed at meeting the unique requirements and difficulties faced by people with hemiplegic cerebral palsy and will help them improve their dynamic balance, equilibrium, strength and flexibility. Daily video recordings will be used to collect feedback. Mothers will participate in therapy sessions. Utilizing appropriate assessment instruments and outcome measures, the experimental group's advancement and results will be continuously observed and evaluated. For upper extremity participants will be categorized according to their the MACS level. The levels range from I (able to handle objects easily) to V (limited ability to handle objects). Interventions should be individualized based on the specific needs identified through the MACS assessment. The levels go from I, which is an easy level of object handling, to V, which is a limited degree of object handling. Individualized interventions should be developed in accordance with the unique needs that the MACS evaluation has revealed. Treatment session of 30 minutes per day for three days a week, for six weeks for each participant. After that post-test assessment will be conducted through MACS, PEDI, GAS and LEFS.

Group B will have regular therapy or conventional care that is normally given to people with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. The same evaluation instruments and outcome measures that are used for the experimental group will also be used for the control group's monitoring and assessment. Each participant will receive 30 minutes of treatment three days per week for 6 weeks, spread out over four days of the week. Following that, post-test evaluations using MACS, PEDI, GAS, and LEFS will be carried out.
OBJECTIVE: The evidence for post-foam sclerotherapy compression stockings for varicose veins is limited. Thus, we examined the effects of post-procedural compression stockings on varicose vein patients undergoing foam sclerotherapy.
METHODS: The CONFETTI study was a prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trial. Patients with foam sclerotherapy-suitable varicose veins were randomly assigned to the compression group (CG) or the no compression stockings group (NCG) for 7 days. The primary outcome was post-procedural pain measured on a 100-mm visual analog scale for 10 days. Secondary outcomes included clinical severity, generic and disease-specific quality of life scores, return to normal activities and/or work, occlusion rates, degree of ecchymosis, CG compliance, and complications. Patients were reviewed at 2 weeks and 6 months.
RESULTS: A total of 139 patients were consented to and randomly assigned. The intention-to-treat analysis included 15 patients who did not receive the allocated intervention. Both groups had similar baseline characteristics. Of the patients, 63.3% and 55.4% returned for follow-up at 2 weeks and 6 months, respectively. Most of the veins treated were tributaries. The CG experienced significantly lower pain scores than the NCG, with median scores of 7 mm and 19 mm, respectively (Mann-Whitney U-test; P = .001). At 2 weeks, no differences were observed in ecchymosis or the time to return to normal activities or work. Both groups showed improvements in clinical severity and quality of life, and occlusion rates were comparable. The NCG experienced one deep venous thrombosis and superficial thrombophlebitis, whereas the CG experienced two superficial thrombophlebitis.
CONCLUSIONS: The CONFETTI study suggests that short-term post-procedural compression stockings are beneficial for reducing post-procedure pain.
The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the US has declared insufficient sleep a 'public health problem' \[1\]. Over 35% of adults in the United Kingdom (UK) sleep less than 7 hours and 16% sleep less than 6 hours per night and the proportion of people getting less than the recommended hours of sleep is rising (Liu et al., 2014). This is alarming as insufficient sleep can lead to increased mortality, accidents, and mistakes at work and is also linked with many chronic conditions-such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, depression and neurodegeneration -that threaten the wellbeing of an increasing number of people across the globe. On an annual basis, the UK loses an estimated 207,000 working days due to insufficient sleep (mainly related to absenteeism) and the estimated economic cost of insufficient sleep in the UK is over 50 billion dollars, that is 1.86 % of the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP) \[2\].

Early detection of sleep problems is imperative for prevention of this process, however it is hindered by current technology, where the gold standard is represented by a laborious and expensive method called polysomnography (PSG). Therefore, the need for innovative technologies allowing the reliable monitoring of sleep behaviour in the home-environment using non-invasive, user friendly and broadly accessible methods is immense. This study aims to assess the suitability of the CAVA device (Continuous Ambulatory Vestibular Assessment) that was originally developed by Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals (NNUH) clinicians and University of East Anglia (UEA scientists to monitor dizziness, for the purpose of diagnosing sleep conditions. The CAVA device is designed to record head and eye-movements continuously over several weeks. Such signals are known to be useful for sleep state diagnosis, and the preliminary analyses show that the data collected by the CAVA device clearly delineate sleep and wake episodes so it is therefore plausible that the CAVA device can be used for home-based sleep monitoring. The investigators term this new application sCAVA. The objective of the proposed study is to re-purpose the CAVA device as a reliable and broadly accessible sleep monitoring tool by developing, testing and validating algorithms to interpret sCAVA data for sleep monitoring purposes.
OBJECTIVE: The Nuss bar removal procedure may bring about different complications. Some are mild while others can be life-threatening. An adequate surgery setup and the fulfilment of some security steps may reduce their incidence. This study aims to analyze our experience with the complications that occurred during bar removal and our safety protocol for the prevention and management of these complications.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational cohort study from a retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent Nuss bar removal from November 2013 to March 2022 at a University hospital. Variables analyzed include patients' demographics; presence of comorbidities; time elapsed from bar placement to removal, and the occurrence of operative and postoperative complications. Study written under the 'PROCESS Guideline'.
RESULTS: Fourty (40) patients were included in the study; 37 were male. One bar was removed in 17 patients and two in 22 patients. Median age at surgery: 17.5 years (Percentile 25-75%: 16.75-19.25). Time elapsed from placement to removal: 26 months (Percentile 25-75%: 23.75-30.25). Complications: 10 in 9 patients (22.5%); 6 Clavien-Dindo class I (67%); 2 class II (22%); 1 class IIIb, 1 class IV. The hemorrhagic complication motivated the development of a safety protocol to reduce incidence of complications.
CONCLUSION: Nuss bar removal is a safe procedure with usually scant complications. Nonetheless, these may be serious sometimes. To prevent them, a protocol for a safe procedure is important.
The invention relates to a calculus removing medicine. The medicine is composed of three traditional Chinese medicine formulas. The first formula is composed of 16 traditional Chinese medicines of codonopsis pilosula, concha haliotidis, christina loosestrife herb, and the like. The second formula is composed of 16 traditional Chinese medicines of codonopsis pilosula, philippine violet herb, diluteyellow crotalaria herb, and the like. The third formula is composed of 20 traditional Chinese medicines of sevenlobed yam rhizome, cephalanoplos segetum, fructus malvae vertillatae, and the like. The three traditional Chinese medicine formulas are processed from production processes of selecting, solar evaporating, blending, steaming and stewing, filtering, and liquid agent preparing. The materials are steamed and stewed for 40 minutes under a temperature of 100 DEG C, such that the liquid agent is prepared. With the calculus removing medicine provided by the invention, calculus with different sizes in different part of human bodies can be treated without operation. The cost of the medicine is low, and the medicine brings no pain or side-effect. 25 years of clinical experiments and cases show that, the curative effect of the medicine is good.