anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Approximately 50% to 70% of children who had ADHD continue to meet its criteria in adolescence, but the problems stemming from adolescent ADHD can be more serious-including an increased risk of substance use, delinquency, academic failure, serious social impairment, and legal problems. Problems in school more than double when students with ADHD move from elementary school to middle and high school.

Treating ADHD with medications alone is often ineffective, but adding other methods, such as behavioral treatments, may be beneficial. Researchers have developed a psychosocial treatment for adolescents with ADHD, called the Challenging Horizons Program (CHP), that is delivered in school and targets social impairment, family conflict, and academic failure. Two versions of CHP were developed, an after-school model and a consultation model. The after-school model involves 2 to 3 days of individualized treatment per week and has a higher cost than the consultation model because it involves hiring specialized counseling staff and finding space to house the program after school. The consultation model involves teaching CHP intervention strategies to school staff, who then mentor students with ADHD and deliver interventions as needed to solve problems. This model is less expensive, but it does not deliver treatment as often or consistently as the after-school model. This study will compare the after-school and consultation models of the CHP to determine their relative efficacy and cost effectiveness. The study will also evaluate factors that may predict which adolescents would benefit most from either of the two models.

Participation in this study will last a full school year. Participants from schools taking part will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: after-school CHP, consultation CHP, or standard community care. Participants receiving after-school CHP will attend two 2.5-hour after-school sessions per week in which they will work with counselors on homework management, educational skills, and interpersonal skills. Participants receiving consultation CHP will be assigned a teacher mentor (who will volunteer to work with the student), and the mentor and student will meet as needed. A study clinician will provide support to the teacher mentors, who will learn the same interventions as counselors in the after-school condition. Participants in the community care condition will not receive any intervention but will receive a list of community psychosocial and medical service providers for children and their families. All participants will undergo study assessments pre-treatment; in November, January, and March of the school year; post-treatment; and at a 6-month follow-up. Assessments will include questionnaires and clinical interviews completed by student, their parents, and their teachers. ADHD symptoms, academic performance, relevant skills of adolescents, and program costs will be assessed.
Arthrofibrosis following primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can result in pain and limit postoperative range of motion (ROM), jeopardizing clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction. This study aims to identify preoperative risk factors associated with necessitating a manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) following primary TKA.We retrospectively reviewed 950 cases of consecutive primary TKAs performed at one institution by three arthroplasty surgeons between May 2017 and May 2019. Recorded preoperative variables included smoking status, race, preoperative ROM, presence of effusion or positive anterior drawer, and medical comorbidities. Demographic characteristics were compared with Student's t-tests or chi-square tests as appropriate. For each preoperative factor, we obtained an odds ratio (OR) for MUA risk using multivariate logistic regression.Twenty (2.3%) patients underwent MUA following their index primary TKA surgery. History of ipsilateral knee surgery (OR: 2.727, p = 0.047) and diagnosed hypertension (OR: 4.764, p = 0.016) were identified as risk factors associated with significantly increased risk of MUA. The greater the preoperative ROM, the higher likelihood needed of MUA (OR: 1.031, p = 0.034).Patients who had diagnosed hypertension or a history of prior ipsilateral knee surgery were associated with increased risk of necessitating an MUA following primary TKA. Additionally, a greater total arc of motion preoperatively increased the odds of needing MUA.Level III of evidence was present.
In order to control for placebo effect and other non-specific factors such as contact time, youths in the control group will be provided with group-based general health education with same dosage (4 weeks) as intervention group. Modules will contain information about general well-being, diet, nutrition, and activity. It is expected that this health education will be an active control group to account for most of the non-specific effects including time, attention, therapist, and peer support.
The present invention discloses a method for preparing a drug-loaded silk fibroin nanocapsule, and a prepared drug-loaded silk fibroin nanocapsule. The method comprises: performing a coating treatment of applying alternating layers of silk fibroin and 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane on functionally modified polystyrene microspheres, to ultimately obtain a multi-layer-structured coated polystyrene composite with a negative or positive potential, and finally removing the functionally modified polystyrene template with a template-removing reagent, to obtain a drug-loaded silk fibroin nanocapsule. The functionally modified polystyrene microspheres are positive potential microspheres, and silk fibroin is used for the first coating. In the case of negative potential microspheres, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane is used for the first treatment. The process is simple and has wide applicability. The dimensions of the prepared microcapsule can be controlled at the nanometer level, so that the microcapsule can more effectively transport a drug to the interior of a cell to come into play.
Review of experience to date suggests that a subgroup of older patients with associated severe illness may tolerate diarrhea less well. When clindamycin is indicated in these patients, they should be carefully monitored for change in bowel frequency.

CLEOCIN PEDIATRIC (clindamycin palmitate HCl) should be prescribed with caution in individuals with a history of gastrointestinal disease, particularly colitis.

CLEOCIN PEDIATRIC should be prescribed with caution in atopic individuals.

Indicated surgical procedures should be performed in conjunction with antibiotic therapy.

The use of CLEOCIN PEDIATRIC occasionally results in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms-particularly yeasts. Should superinfections occur, appropriate measures should be taken as indicated by the clinical situation.

Clindamycin dosage modification is not necessary in patients with renal disease. In patients with moderate to severe liver disease, prolongation of clindamycin half-life has been found. However, it was postulated from studies that when given every eight hours, accumulation should rarely occur. Therefore, dosage modification in patients with liver disease may not be necessary. However, periodic liver enzyme determinations should be made when treating patients with severe liver disease.

Prescribing CLEOCIN PEDIATRIC in the absence of a proven or strongly suspected bacterial infection or a prophylactic indication is unlikely to provide benefit to the patient and increases the risk of the development of drug-resistant bacteria.
Subjects with shoulder pain and spasticity at the shoulder following a stroke resulting in hemiplegia are eligible for participation. Following an initial screening visit involving a history and physical examination, subjects will be entered in to the study if they have significant spasticity of shoulder internal rotation/adduction associated with pain rated at least a 4 on the VAS for pain. Subjects will also be given a cognitive screening in which they will be asked to rate pain in hypothetical situations.

Shoulder pain is a frequent complication following hemiplegic stroke, and may result in further disability. Spasticity is also a complication following stroke . Botulinum toxin is used in the treatment of post-stroke spasticity and may also have pain modulating effects. Participants in this study will be asked to make total of 6 visits over a period of approximately 13 weeks. Eligible subjects will be randomized to 100 to 200 units of botulinum toxin type injected into the pectoralis major at the second visit. If there is significant spasticity for shoulder extension, subjects will also receive injections into the teres major. Subjects will be followed up with assessments of pain, functioning, active and passive range of motion and depression following the initial injection. At the 12 weeks post injection visit, the blinding will be broken and subjects initially injected with placebo will be injected with the active drug. This will be done to give all subjects an opportunity to receive the active drug, as well as to assess the effects of any differences with delayed treatment. All subjects will return 4 weeks later to repeat the same assessments above. Subjects will be called at one year post study enrollment for repeat pain ratings and for information regarding subsequent treatments.

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PURPOSE:A deodorized chemical, obtained by supporting an odoriferous chemical, e.g. l-menthol, methyl salicylate, etc., on hydrophobic porous fine particles, and usable for all types of formulations without deteriorating the activity, sustaining property of the chemical, etc. CONSTITUTION:A deodorized chemical obtained by supporting an odoriferous chemical which is an odorous chemical used by exodermal administration, e.g. chemical used for skin stimulation such as d-camphor, peppermint oil, thymol, methyl salicylate, etc., blood stream promoter, refrigerant, anti-inflammatory agent, etc., on hydrophobic porous fine particles, preferably hydrophobic polymer, particularly styrene divinylbenzene copolymer prepared by seed polymerization and having >=1m<2>/g specific surface area and hardly emitting smell of the chemical. In order to support the odoriferous chemical on the hydrophobic polymer, methods for adding a solution containing a dissolved chemical, e.g. l-menthol, in a solvent, e.g. ethanol, etc., to the hydrophobic fine polymer particles and removing the solvent, etc.
The mothers in the video-conferencing group were counseled via video-conferencing a total of six times (three times a week, at equal intervals) during the first 2 weeks after birth. Each interview was approximately 15-20 minutes. In video-conferencing sessions, the breastfeeding position, the mother's grasping the breast, the baby's latch-on, and sucking duration were observed. Mothers' questions were answered and solutions were offered for breastfeeding problems (sore nipple, engorgement, etc.).
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare an antiallergic agent, comprising a bamboo extract and useful for preventing and treating allergic symptoms such as allergic rhinitis (pollenosis) or atopic dermatitis. SOLUTION: This antiallergic agent comprises a bamboo extract, especially an extract prepared by pulverizing the one of the genus Phyllostachys such as Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel and Phyllostachys nigra Munro var. henonis Stapf and extracting the pulverized bamboo with a solvent such as an ether as an active ingredient. The bamboo extract itself is directly converted into the antiallergic agent and an oil and fat such as an ω3-based fatty acid (e.g. docosahexaenoic acid or α-linolenic acid) can further be added to afford the antiallergic agent. The daily dose for an adult is 0.1-10g, preferably 0.5-3g intake expressed in terms of the bamboo extract. The antiallergic agent is a safe and readily ingestible antiallergic agent and has great effects on pollenosis of adults or atopic dermatitis of infants.  The effects thereof are further increased when the bamboo extract is used with perilla oil, docosahexaenoic acid oil or eicosapentaenoic acid oil in combination.
For pupil dilatation, one drop of 2.5% phenylephrine hydrochloride and 0.5% tropicamide was instilled three times at 5 minute intervals, 1 hour before the exam. All infants were fed 1 hour before instillation of drops and infants were swaddled before the procedure.
PURPOSE: To obtain the adduct more adequate as a compd. for production of a powder oxidation hair dying agent than known products by spraying an aq. soln. of a homo- or copolymer having a free COOH group to a granular hydrogen peroxide adduct and simultaneously removing water.  
     CONSTITUTION: The aq. soln. of the homo- or copolymer described above, for example, the homo- or copolymer of unsatd. carboxylic acid, such as (meth) acrylic acid, is sprayed to the granular hydrogen peroxide adduct consisting of NaBO 2 .H 2 O 2 , etc. The adduct is dried in a fluidized bed into which preferably hot air or inert gas is introduced simultaneously with this spraying. The temp. of the air or inert gas in this case is a temp. to heat the fluid granular material to about 35 to 50°C. The granular hydrogen peroxide adduct after the drying is cooled to a temp. below 35°C by the introduction of cold air. The stabilized granular hydrogen peroxide adduct coated by the method described above exhibits high storage stability even at a high temp. up to, for example, 50°C and is adequate as an oxidizing agent for powder preparations used for many bleaching and oxidizing methods. 
     COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO
Defibrotide (DF) is a highly complex polydisperse mixture of single-stranded phosphodiester oligodeoxyribonucleotides derived from the controlled depolymerization of porcine intestinal mucosal DNA. The entire mode of action remains unknown. Its actions may be summarized to pro-fibrinolytic, anti-inflammatory and anti-coagulatory actions. To better define the mechanisms of Defibrotide the effects of the substance will be investigated in the well-established endotoxemia model. Sixteen healthy volunteers will be randomized to receive LPS±defibrotide/placebo and four subjects will be randomized to receive Placebo± defibrotide/placebo in a single center, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, two-way crossover trial. Immediately after a 2h infusion of 6,25mg/kg bodyweight defibrotide or placebo a LPS bolus of 2ng/kg bodyweight will be infused. Analyses will be performed by blood sampling at pre-defined time-points.
Mixts. of organic substances are liquefied, specially for the mfr. of perfumes, by applying a microwave field of a given nominal frequency. At least one component of the mixt. should be absorptive within the nominal frequency and a given temp. range. The rectangular resonance chamber should have two facing side walls with microwave input fields, both with the antennae of many magnetrons in a raster pattern, producing a stationary microwave field. The principal dimension should not be less than eight times the free-space wavelength of the microwave field, referred to nominal frequency. A max. percentage of 8% of the resonance space vol. should be applied for treatment by a microwave field. ADVANTAGE - This performs a uniform heat treatment, esp. for liquefaction of delicate organic mixts. free from decomposition.
This is a Phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety, and tolerability of XEN1101 administered as adjunctive treatment in subjects diagnosed with generalized epilepsy and experiencing probable or possible PGTCS (with or without other subtypes of generalized seizures), and taking 1 to 3 anti-seizure medications (ASMs). Eligible subjects will be randomly assigned 1:1 to XEN1101 or placebo: subjects aged ≥ 18 years will receive XEN1101 25 mg or placebo, and subjects aged ≥12 years and \<18 years will receive either XEN1101 15 mg, 25 mg, or placebo. Randomization will be stratified based on region, age group, and background use of CYP3A4-inducer ASMs. Eligible subjects will have up to 9.5 weeks durations to assess the baseline frequency of seizures, followed by a double-blind treatment period (DBP) where subjects will receive 12 weeks of blinded treatment. During the DBP, subjects will be instructed to orally take XEN1101 or placebo once daily with an evening meal.

Subjects who complete the 12-week DBP will have the opportunity to enroll in a separate open-label-extension (OLE) study for continued treatment with XEN1101. Subjects who do not enroll in the OLE will enter an 8 week post-treatment follow-up period.
INTRODUCTION: Available treatments for colorectal cancer are limited. However, in the last few years several advances and new treatment options became available and expanded the continuum of care in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
AREAS COVERED: Fruquintinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been shown to be effective in heavily pretreated mCRC progressing to trifluridine-tipiracil (FTD/TPI) or regorafenib or both. Preclinical studies have shown that fruquintinib inhibits with high selectivity VEGFR 1-2-3, leading to a blockade in angiogenesis process, but also acts, with weak inhibition, on RET, FGFR-1, and c-kit kinases. Fruquintinib demonstrated good efficacy and tolerance in chemorefractory mCRC in two phase III trial: FRESCO and FRESCO 2. These results led to FDA approval of fruquintinib for pretreated mCRC patients who received prior fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin-, and irinotecan-based chemotherapy.
EXPERT OPINION: Fruquintinib is a valid therapeutic option for heavily pretreated mCRC patients. However, an optimal sequence of treatments is yet to be defined. In this review, we propose an algorithm for later lines of treatment to integrate fruquintinib as a standard of care together with the new therapeutic combinations that recently showed clinical benefit for chemorefractory mCRC, in both molecularly selected (e.g. KRASG12C or HER2 amplification) and in non-oncogenic driven patients.
The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of JNS020QD in patients with moderate to severe chronic pain who are switching from opioid analgesics. It will also evaluate the safety and efficacy of long-term treatment (52 weeks) after switching to JNS020QD. The study will enroll patients with moderate to severe chronic pain which is adequately controlled with a regular treatment with an opioid analgesic agent other than the study drug because these patients are considered appropriate to investigate the conversion ratio in switching from JNS020QD to other opioid analgesics, and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the study drug. This is an open-label (all people know the identity of the intervention), uncontrolled (the study does not involve a control treatment), multicenter study. This study consists of Screening period (1 to 2 weeks), Period I (3-week titration period+ 1-week maintenance period), Period II (48 weeks long-term treatment period), tapering period (if required, 0 to 6 weeks), and follow-up period (1 week). JNS020QD is a transdermal system in which fentanyl base is incorporated directly into a single layer of pressure-sensitive high polymerized adhesive, and is changed once a day (every 24 hours). JNS020QD is available in 5 formulations containing fentanyl 0.84 mg, 1.7 mg, 3.4 mg, 5 mg, or 6.7 mg per system.. The study drug patch will be applied to the breast, abdomen, upper arm, femoral region, etc. exchanged daily and for consecutive 52 weeks.
Group 1 will consist of subjects randomized from current ART SOC therapy. Subjects in group 1 will be randomized to receive CAB LA plus RPV LA Q4W via intramuscular (IM) route. All subjects will receive oral therapy with CAB 30 mg + RPV 25 mg once daily prior to randomization.
BACKGROUND: A goal of gerontology is to discover phenotypes that reflect biological aging distinct from disease pathogenesis. Biomarkers that are strongly associated with mortality could be used to define such a phenotype. However, the relation of such an index with multiple chronic conditions warrants further exploration.
METHODS: A biomarker index (BI) was constructed in the Cardiovascular Health Study (N = 3 197), with a mean age of 74 years. The BI incorporated circulating levels of new biomarkers, including insulin-like growth factor-1, interleukin-6, amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, cystatin-C, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha soluble receptor 1, fasting insulin, and fasting glucose, and was built based on their relationships with mortality. Cox proportional hazards models predicting a composite of death and chronic disease involving cardiovascular disease, dementia, and cancer were calculated with 6 years of follow-up.
RESULTS: The hazard ratio (HR, 95% CI) for the composite outcome of death or chronic disease per category of BI was 1.65 (1.52, 1.80) and 1.75 (1.58, 1.94) in women and men, respectively. The HR (95% CI) per 5 years of age was 1.57 (1.48, 1.67) and 1.55 (1.44, 1.67) in women and men, respectively. Moreover, BI could attenuate the effect of age on the composite outcome by 16.7% and 22.0% in women and men, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Biomarker index was significantly and independently associated with a composite outcome of death and chronic disease, and attenuated the effect of age. The BI that is composed of plasma biomarkers may be a practical intermediate phenotype for interventions aiming to modify the course of aging.
The present invention concerns novel compounds of general formula (I) wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and selected from hydrogen or lower alkyl; wherein Ar are the same or different and selected from (II) and (III) wherein R3 is halogen or hydrogen. n is 2 or 3, X is nitrogen or methine. When X is nitrogen Y is methylene. When X is methine Y is selected from nitrogen or oxygen. A is selected from the carboxylic derivatives (IV) and (V) wherein R4 and R5 are the same or different and selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl. Z is selected from sulfur or oxygen. R6 is selected from (VI) and (VII) wherein m is 1, 2, 3 or 4. R7 is selected from hydrogen or lower alkyl, and the pharmacologically active salts thereof. The new compounds are useful for treating mental disorders.
OBJECTIVE: The Dog Aging Project End of Life Survey was used to evaluate factors associated with manner of death (euthanasia vs unassisted death), including cause of death (CoD), reason for euthanasia (RFE) if performed, medical symptoms, old age characteristics, and perimortem quality of life (QoL).
SAMPLE: Responses collected between the End of Life Survey launch (January 20, 2021) through December 31, 2021, from 2,570 participants whose dogs died.
METHODS: Response frequencies were described. Associations between manner of death and medical symptoms or old age characteristics were evaluated using logistic regression. Factors associated with RFE were evaluated using multinomial regression. The effects of CoD, age at death, and QoL on the frequency of euthanasia as the manner of death were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression.
RESULTS: 2,195 (85.4%) dogs were euthanized, and 375 (14.6%) experienced unassisted death. The most frequent owner-reported CoD was illness/disease (n = 1,495 [58.1%]). The most frequently reported RFE was pain/suffering (n = 1,080 [49.2% of those euthanized]). As age increased, RFE was more likely to be "poor QoL" than any other response. In a multivariate regression including CoD, chronologic age, and QoL, euthanasia as the manner of death was not significantly associated with age.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Euthanasia was a common manner of death for dogs in the US. Compared with unassisted death, euthanasia was associated with CoD illness/disease, lower QoL scores, and the presence and number of medical symptoms and old age characteristics. Understanding factors associated with manner of death is important to veterinarians who care for dogs at the end of life.