anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Reducing Optic Atrophy 1 (OPA1) expression in skeletal muscle in male mice induces Activation Transcription Factor 4 (ATF4) and the integrated stress response (ISR). Additionally, skeletal muscle secretion of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) is increased, which mediates metabolic adaptations including resistance to diet-induced obesity (DIO) and glucose intolerance in these mice. Although FGF21 induction in this model can be reversed with pharmacological attenuation of ER stress, it remains to be determined if ATF4 is responsible for FGF21 induction and its metabolic benefits in this model.
METHODS: We generated mice with homozygous floxed Opa1 and Atf4 alleles and a tamoxifen-inducible Cre transgene controlled by the human skeletal actin promoter to enable simultaneous depletion of OPA1 and ATF4 in skeletal muscle (mAO DKO). Mice were fed high fat (HFD) or control diet and evaluated for ISR activation, body mass, fat mass, glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance and circulating concentrations of FGF21 and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15).
RESULTS: In mAO DKO mice, ATF4 induction is absent. Other indices of ISR activation, including XBP1s, ATF6, and CHOP were induced in mAO DKO males, but not in mOPA1 or mAO DKO females. Resistance to diet-induced obesity was not reversed in mAO DKO mice of both sexes. Circulating FGF21 and GDF15 illustrated sexually dimorphic patterns. Loss of OPA1 in skeletal muscle increases circulating FGF21 in mOPA1 males, but not in mOPA1 females. Additional loss of ATF4 decreased circulating FGF21 in mAO DKO male mice, but increased circulating FGF21 in female mAO DKO mice. Conversely, circulating GDF15 was increased in mAO DKO males and mOPA1 females, but not in mAO DKO females.
CONCLUSION: Sex differences exist in the transcriptional outputs of the ISR following OPA deletion in skeletal muscle. Deletion of ATF4 in male and female OPA1 KO mice does not reverse the resistance to DIO. Induction of circulating FGF21 is ATF4 dependent in males, whereas induction of circulating GDF15 is ATF4 dependent in females. Elevated GDF15 in males and FGF21 in females could reflect activation by other transcriptional outputs of the ISR, that maintain mitokine-dependent metabolic protection in an ATF4-independent manner.
PURPOSE:To easily obtain a liposome useful for basic and application researches as a biomembrane model or a drug carrier for drug delivery, without using an organic solvent and a surfactant, by dispersing a liposome-membrane component substance in an aqueous solution and heating the mixture at a specific temperature. CONSTITUTION:A liposome dispersion is produced by dispersing 1 pt.wt. of a liposome-membrane component substance (e.g. phosphatidyl-choline in 3-100 pts.wt. of water, physiological saline water, buffer solution or an aqueous solution of sugar using an agitator. The dispersion is heated at or above the pretransition temperature(Tp) and below the main transition temperature(Tm) and held at the temperature for 5-20min. The treated dispersion is finally heated at >=Tm to obtain the objective liposome. The particle size can be uniformized by carrying out the above heat-treatment under irradiation with ultrasonic wave and the incorporation into the liposome membrane can be promoted by the use of 1 membrane component substance having high melting point in combination with the above substance.
Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) is a syndrome of unknown cause, characterized by numerous symptoms such as chronic widespread pain, fatigue, insomnia, joint stiffness, depression, concentration and memory problems, myofascial pain and tender points. The prevalence of FMS in the general population is 2%, and it is a common syndrome. There are studies showing that there is dysfunction in the connective tissue or fascia in FMS that triggers peripheral nociceptor stimulation. Any change in fascial tissue motility can cause an imbalance between body fluids leading to tissue hardening and accumulation of toxins. By stimulating the lymph vessels, metabolic waste products can be eliminated, excess fluid can be reduced, blockages can be removed and the immunological system can be regulated. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods are used in the treatment of FMS. Exercise, manual therapy techniques, cognitive behavioral treatments, patient education and other physiotherapy modalities are the non-pharmacological methods that are frequently used. Manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) was developed in 1965 by Dr. It is a manual therapy technique that consists of slow, rhythmic, superficial and repetitive movements defined by Vodder. Many effects that MLD can reveal locally and systemically are discussed. MLD; It stimulates the lymphatic and parasympathetic system, reduces pain, helps regulate the immune system, clears blockages, eliminates metabolic wastes and toxins in the body, and reduces excess fluid. There are limited studies on the use of MLD in fibromyalgia syndrome. Considering the possible mechanisms of action of MLD and the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia, more studies are needed to fully determine the effect of MLD on this syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of manual lymphatic drainage on symptom severity, pain intensity, pressure pain threshold and anxiety about pain in fibromyalgia syndrome.
Prior to transplant hospitalization, store feces for testing and possible future use. Patients undergo fecal microbiota transplantation with the subject's stored pre-transplantation feces. The post-engraftment Bacteroidetes testing, randomization, and fecal microbiota transplantation procedure should all be performed within a 28-day window, beginning on the first day of engraftment. In the event that engraftment occurs prior to day +7, the 28-day window will start on day +7. Subjects from both arms will be followed for one year after transplantation for development of CDI, which will be treated by their BMT clinicians per the standards of care at MSKCC. Subjects from both arms will also be assessed for infections and graft-versus-host disease. During the follow-up period, fecal specimens will be collected serially, if feasible, until one year post randomization and analyzed for microbial diversity and composition.
BACKGROUND: Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) has emerged as a non-pharmacologic alternative to oral anticoagulation in reducing stroke risk in AF patients. However, patients with mitral valve disease (MVD), who are expected to have a significantly greater risk of left atrium (LA) thrombus formation and embolic stroke were excluded from randomized trials examining percutaneous LAAO. To address this gap, we present a national registry analysis of the use of LAAO among patients with MVD.
METHODS: Using the National Readmissions Database, we performed a retrospective review of all hospitalizations for LAAO identified between September 2015 and November 2019. Of these, patients with ICD-10 codes for MVD were identified. Propensity matched (PSM) analysis was used to compare patients with MVD with a matched sample of patients undergoing LAAO with non-valvular AF. Outcomes examined included all-cause mortality, stroke, major bleeding, pericardial effusion (PE), and tamponade.
RESULTS: 51,540 patients who underwent LAAO without a history of MVD and 3777 with a history of MVD were identified. Crude analysis demonstrated the odds of mortality, PE, and cardiac tamponade during index hospitalization to be higher in the MVD group. The length of stay and cost of index hospitalization were also slightly greater for the MVD group. A sample of 7649 patients (MVD: 3777 MVD and no MVD: 3872) were selected for PSM analysis with similar comorbidities across the two groups. In the PSM comparison, MVD was associated with higher risk of PE. The MVD group had a slightly higher rate of readmissions the association with PE remained at 30-day readmission (OR: 2.099 [1.360-3.238], p-value: <0.001).
CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first study examining the use of LAAO among MVD patients. Our findings suggest that patients with MVD who underwent LAAO had a higher risk of post-procedural PE without an increase in mortality, stroke, or major bleeding. These results provide a rationale for considering LAAO as part of the stroke prevention strategy among patients with valvular AF.
Emerging evidence confirms beneficial properties of probiotics in promoting growth and immunity of farmed chicken. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the host-microbiome interactions mediated by probiotics are not fully understood. In this study, the internal mechanisms of Lacticaseibacillus chiayiensis-mediated host-microbiome interactions and to elucidate how it promotes host growth were investigated by additional supplementation with L. chiayiensis. We conducted experiments, including intestinal cytokines, digestive enzymes test, intestinal microbiome, metabolome and transcriptome analysis. The results showed that chickens fed L. chiayiensis exhibited higher body weight gain and digestive enzyme activity, and lower pro-inflammatory cytokines, compared to controls. Microbiota sequencing analysis showed that the gut microbiota structure was reshaped with L. chiayiensis supplementation. Specifically, Lactobacillus and Escherichia increased in abundance and Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Corynebacterium, Weissella and Gallicola decreased. In addition, the bacterial community diversity was significantly increased compared to controls. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that higher bile acids and N-acyl amides concentrations and lower carbohydrates concentrations in L. chiayiensis-fed chickens. Meanwhile, the expression of genes related to nutrient transport and absorption in the intestine was upregulated, which reflected the enhanced digestion and absorption of nutrients in chickens supplemented with L. chiayiensis. Moreover, supplementation of L. chiayiensis down-regulated genes involved in inflammation-related, mainly involved in NF-κB signaling pathway and MHC-II mediated antigen presentation process. Cumulatively, these findings highlight that host-microbiota crosstalk enhances the host growth phenotype in two ways: by enhancing bile acid metabolism and digestive enzyme activity, and reducing the occurrence of intestinal inflammation to promote nutrient absorption and maintain intestinal health. This provides a basis for the application of LAB as an alternative to antibiotics in animal husbandry.
BACKGROUND: Although many risk factors for residual pain following percutaneous vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty (PVP or PKP) have been reported in many studies, research methods and cohorts differ greatly. A previous meta-analysis identified patient- and operation-specific risk factors for residual pain. This study aimed to examine the available data and identify significant risk factors for residual pain after PVP or PKP.
METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Chinese Wanfang Database were searched for relevant research in English and Chinese, and full-text publications including patients with and without residual pain were compared. Only studies presenting odds ratios from multivariate analysis of residual pain data were considered. To evaluate the impact of the results of the selected articles, Review Manager 5.4 was used.
RESULTS: Twelve publications including a total of 3120 patients met the requirements. The meta-analysis examined 10 factors associated with residual pain and categorized them as either patient- or operation-associated factors. Thoracolumbar fascia injury, intravertebral vacuum cleft, depression, and number of fractured vertebrae were all significant patient-associated parameters for residual pain. Significant operation-associated risk factors included bone cement distribution and intraoperative facet joint injury.
CONCLUSIONS: In this meta-analysis, we identified several significant risk factors for residual pain after PVP or PKP. These findings may be helpful for patient counseling and surgical planning.
Initial antibody titers will be measured immediately prior to initial vaccination (month 0). This will entail a blood-draw sample (less than 1 teaspoon) that will be sent to FOCUS labs for evaluation. This will be paid for by funding received from Merck.

The three-dose vaccination schedule will be followed with injections at month 0, 2, and 6. Gardasil 9 dosing will be per the recommended and approved labeled guidelines. Post-vaccination titers would be measured at month 7, which is in alignment with the methods of previous studies. This will entail a blood-draw sample (less than 1 teaspoon) that will be sent to FOCUS labs for evaluation.
INCB123667 will be administered at the recommended dose or doses for expansion (RDE\[s\]) for advanced or metastatic solid tumors. Participants with Triple Negative Breast Cancer(TNBC) will enroll in this group.
For those who agree to be randomized, subjects will be randomized to elagolix 200mg BID. The medication will be taken orally and subjects will be counseled to take the medication at the same time each day. This arm will also include participants who do not want to be randomized while choose elagolix.
Administration method of cis-atracurium: the dose of the first patient is 0.15 mg / kg, and the ratio between adjacent doses is 1.5. If the laryngeal mask insertion condition of this patient is satisfactory, the next patient will use the lower dose. If the laryngeal mask insertion condition of this patient is not satisfactory, the next patient will use a higher dose. Starting from the first case of dissatisfaction, the number of observation units is counted. Dissatisfaction - satisfaction occurs at 7 exchange points and then the test ends.
PURPOSE: It remains unclear whether patients with HER2-negative, low-estrogen receptor (ER-low)-positive early breast cancer (BC) benefit from Oncotype DX® (ODX) testing.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of cases referred for ODX testing over a seven-year period from a breast biomarker testing referral center (n = 854). For each case, we recorded the ODX Recurrence Score (RS) along with percentage of ER nuclear positivity and staining intensity on immunohistochemistry. Our criteria for ER-low was defined as ≤10% cells with nuclear positivity and/or weak intensity of staining. Slides from all ER-low cases were reviewed and the reported ODX ER gene scores were recorded. We randomly selected a comparator group of 56 patients with ER > 10% positivity and non-weak staining intensity (ER-high).
RESULTS: We identified 27 cases (3.2%) that met our criteria for ER-low. Of these, 92.6% had a high RS (>25), and 7.4% had a RS of 25. All cases with ≤10% ER nuclear positivity had a high RS. Most ER-low cases (85.2%) had ODX quantitative ER gene scores in the negative range, whereas all (100%) ER-high cases had positive ER gene scores.
CONCLUSION: ODX does not appear to add significant additional information to inform treatment decisions for most patients with ER-low BC. Incorporating weak ER staining intensity in addition to low percentage of nuclear positivity identifies about twice as many ER-low patients, although with reduced specificity for high RS. Our study supports the contention that most ER-low early BC should be regarded similarly to ER-negative BC.
Patients admitted to Labor and Delivery Unit at MSH will self-identify race/ethnicity as part of the standard admission process (Documented in EPIC). Patients who elect for epidural placement for labor epidural analgesia will be approached by an Anesthesia Team Member to be enrolled in a minimal risk study. Participants who self-identify as a racial/ethnic underserved group (as defined by the NIH) will be randomized to receive routine care with a disparities discussion or routine care alone (in a Block Randomization format). Self-identified white participants will receive routine care and serve as a secondary comparison group. The disparities discussion will be performed following epidural placement when the patient is comfortable. During the postpartum period at patient follow-up (within 24hrs postpartum), an 18-point questionnaire evaluating outcomes and patient satisfaction will be administered.
The present invention provides an in vitro and in vivo method for modulating the expression of a target gene in a conditional manner, utilizing small interfering (si) RNA. It also provides non-eukaryotic RNA polymerase expression constructs and siRNA expression constructs suitable for said method, a kit comprising said expression cassettes as well as the use of said expression cassettes for the preparation of medicaments for the treatment of various diseases associated with dysfunctional gene expression. <??>By functionally fusing the nucleotide sequence of a non-eukaryotic-RNA-polymerase (N-EU-Pol) with eukaryotic transcription regulating sequences, an induced cell-type specific or otherwise regulated expression of the foreign RNA polymerase in eukaryots becomes possible. Since the non-eukaryotic-RNA polymerase lacks a nucleic signal peptide, it will remain in the cytoplasm after translation. Thus, it is only able to transcribe target sequences cytoplasmatically, and the nucleus-bound functions such as the addition of a cap-structure or of a polyA-tail will not take place. siRNA coding sequences, which are functionally linked with a recognition sequence for the non-eukaryotic-RNA-polymerase will be transcribed in the cytoplasm by the non-eukaryotic-RNA-polymerase, resulting in non-capped and non- polyadenylated siRNAs. Since the expression of the non-eukaryotic-RNA-polymerase cell-type specific or otherwise regulated, the expression of the siRNA is accordingly also cell-type specific or otherwise regu-Iated. The functional link between coding sequences for siRNA with a recognition sequence for a conditionally regulated and expressed non-eukaryotic foreign-RNA polymerase will finally result in an intracellularly located, conditionally directed synthesis and function of siRNA in eukaryotic cells. <IMAGE>
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a conjugate composed of a RANKL (receptor activator of NF-κB ligand) molecule and dermatan sulfate or chondroitin sulfate E, a support for purifying the conjugate and to provide a method for regulating a RANKL molecule, dermatan sulfate or chondroitin sulfate E activity.  <P>SOLUTION: The conjugate is composed of dermatan sulfate and/or chondroitin sulfate E and a RANKL molecule. The support is immobilized with a RANKL molecule. The method for separating, purifying and/or detecting the conjugate, dermatan sulfate or chondroitin sulfate E comprises using the support. The support is immobilized with dermatan sulfate or chondroitin sulfate E so as to separate, purify and/or detect the conjugate or RANKL molecule. The method for separating, purifying and/or detecting the conjugate or RANKL molecule comprises using the support.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Drugs have actions that may be classified as therapeutic effects and side effects; side effects are actions that do not contribute to therapeutic benefit. Some side effects are neutral; others, experienced as undesirable or unpleasant, are recorded as adverse effects. Some drug actions are therapeutic for some disorders and adverse for others; or therapeutic during acute illness and adverse during maintenance treatment. As an example, anticholinergic action may be adverse when a tricyclic antidepressant is used to treat depression but therapeutic when the drug is used to treat irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea. In clinical practice, side or adverse effects of a drug may be leveraged to manage troublesome symptoms. As an example, the sedative effect of a low dose of trazodone may be useful for some patients with insomnia. With this background, studies have examined whether the increase in appetite and weight associated with olanzapine and mirtazapine may be effective against anorexia and cachexia associated with cancer and cancer chemotherapy. The subject is important because cachexia may be present in 30%-50% of patients with cancer (with higher prevalence in patients with more advanced cancer) and because the presence of cachexia is associated with a higher risk of disease progression and mortality. Many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have examined pharmacologic interventions such as progestins, corticosteroids, anamorelin, and medical cannabis for cancer related cachexia; most results have been disappointing. A recent RCT found that olanzapine (2.5 mg/d for 12 weeks) improved appetite, weight, other nutritional parameters, and quality of life in patients with locally advanced or metastatic cancer treated with chemotherapy. Another RCT, however, found that mirtazapine (30 mg/d for 8 weeks) brought no nutritional or anthropometric gain in patients with cancer and anorexia. It is concluded that olanzapine but not mirtazapine merits further investigation in patients with cancer who have anorexia and cachexia.
Double-pigtail plastic stents will be used. A minimum of one 10Fr pigtail plastic stent will be placed. After initial EUS-guided access, the ostomy will be dilated first, using a cystotome, and secondly with a balloon dilation. The plastic stent will be inserted and delivered following the routine technique of each interventional endoscopist. The number of the plastic stents and the size of the balloon used to dilate the ostomy will depend on the WON size and content.
The pharmacokinetics following oral administration of a single dose (see Table 1) or multiple doses of ARTHROTEC (diclofenac sodium/misoprostol) to healthy subjects under fasted conditions are similar to the pharmacokinetics of the two individual components.

The rate and extent of absorption of both diclofenac sodium and misoprostol acid from ARTHROTEC 50 and ARTHROTEC 75 are similar to those from diclofenac sodium and misoprostol formulations each administered alone.

Neither diclofenac sodium nor misoprostol acid accumulated in plasma following repeated doses of ARTHROTEC given every 12 hours under fasted conditions. Food decreases the multiple-dose bioavailability profile of ARTHROTEC 50 and ARTHROTEC 75.

### Special populations

A 4-week study, comparing plasma level profiles of diclofenac (50 mg bid) in younger (26–46 years) versus older (66–81 years) adults, did not show differences between age groups (10 patients per age group). In a multiple-dose (bid) crossover study of 24 people aged 65 years or older, the misoprostol contained in ARTHROTEC did not affect the pharmacokinetics of diclofenac sodium.

Differences in the pharmacokinetics of diclofenac have not been detected in studies of patients with renal (50 mg intravenously) or hepatic impairment (100 mg oral solution). In patients with renal impairment (N=5, creatinine clearance 3 to 42 mL/min), AUC values and elimination rates were comparable to those in healthy people. In patients with biopsy-confirmed cirrhosis or chronic active hepatitis (variably elevated transaminases and mildly elevated bilirubins, N=10), diclofenac concentrations and urinary elimination values were comparable to those in healthy people.

Pharmacokinetic studies with misoprostol in patients with varying degrees of renal impairment showed an approximate doubling of t1/2, Cmax and AUC compared to healthy people. In people over 64 years of age, the AUC for misoprostol acid is increased.

In a study of people with mild to moderate hepatic impairment, mean misoprostol acid AUC and Cmax showed approximately double the mean values obtained in healthy people. Three people who had the lowest antipyrine and lowest indocyanine green clearance values had the highest misoprostol acid AUC and Cmax values.

After a single oral dose of misoprostol to nursing mothers, misoprostol acid was excreted in breast milk. The maximum concentration of misoprostol acid in expressed breast milk was achieved within 1 hour after dosing and was 7.6 pg/mL (CV 37%) and 20.9 pg/mL (CV 77%) after single 200 µg and 600 µg misoprostol administration, respectively. The misoprostol acid concentrations in breast milk declined to < 1 pg/mL at 5 hours post-dose.