anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Patients receive induction chemotherapy consisting of vincristine sulfate IV on days 1, 8, and 15; cisplatin IV over 6 hours on day 1; cyclophosphamide IV over 30 minutes on day 2; and oral etoposide daily on days 2-22. Treatment repeats every 28 days for a total of 4 courses. After completion of induction chemotherapy, patients with residual disease undergo a therapeutic conventional surgery (second resection). Within 4 weeks after completion of induction chemotherapy or second resection, patients receive 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy daily, 5 days a week, for 6 weeks. Four weeks after completion of 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy, patients receive alternating treatments of maintenance chemotherapy. Patients receive vincristine sulfate IV on days 1, 8, and 15 and cyclophosphamide IV over 30 minutes on day 1 of courses 1, 3, 5, and 7 and oral etoposide daily on days 1-21 of courses 2, 4, 6, and 8. Treatment continues every 28 days for 8 courses.
INTRODUCTION: The long-term survival and low complication rate of autogenous fistulas for hemodialysis access is often offset by early thrombosis and slow or failed maturation leading to the use of central venous catheters. A regenerative material may have the potential to overcome these limitations. A completely biological acellular vascular conduit was investigated in this first-in-human clinical study.
METHODS: With approval of the ethics board and patients' informed consent, five subjects were enrolled based on predetermined inclusion criteria. Five patients underwent implant of a novel acellular, biological tissue conduit (TRUE AVC™) in the upper arm in a curved configuration between brachial artery and axillary vein. After maturation, standard dialysis was commenced through the new access. Patients were followed up to 26 weeks with ultrasound and physical exam. Serum samples were evaluated for an immune response to the novel allogeneic human tissue implant.
RESULTS: This new tissue conduit handled well surgically, with properties similar to that of native human vein. Post procedure conduit flow was excellent in all cases, averaging 1098 ± 388 ml/min at week 4 and remaining stable through 1248 ± 355 ml/min at 26 weeks. Surgical site healing was normal with no edema or erythema by week 4. Six-month primary assisted patency was 80% and secondary patency was 100%. Prescribed dialysis was successfully delivered without infection, and there was no significant change in conduit diameter. Serum testing showed no increase in PRA or IgG specific to the TRUE AVC. One implant required intervention at 5 months with thrombectomy and covered stent procedure.
CONCLUSION: This first-in-human 6-month study with favorable patency and low complication rate establishes the initial safety and feasibility of this novel biological tissue conduit for dialysis access in patients with end-stage kidney disease. Its mechanical durability and lack of immune response establishes TRUE AVC as a potential regenerative material for clinical use.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared with rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.

The safety data reflect exposure to VELTIN Gel in 1,104 subjects with acne vulgaris. Subjects were 12 years and older and were treated once daily in the evening for 12 weeks. Adverse reactions that were reported in ≥1% of subjects treated with VELTIN Gel are presented in Table 1.

Local skin reactions actively assessed at baseline and end of treatment with a score >0 are presented in Table 2.

During the 12 weeks of treatment, each local skin reaction peaked at Week 2 and gradually reduced thereafter.
OBJECTIVE: The clinical management of patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) faces great challenges. Enhancing wound healing and limb preservation rates in this cohort is a critical objective. This study investigates the effectiveness of combining tibial cortex transverse transport (TTT) and endovascular therapy (EVT) for the treatment of patients with severe CLTI. We aim to evaluate the therapeutic results of this combined approach on the specified patient group.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study to compare EVT with the combination of TTT and EVT in patients (Rutherford category 5 and above) with CLTI at Guangxi Medical University's First Affiliated Hospital from June 2017 to June 2023. This cohort was subjected to a follow-up period ranging from a minimum of 6 months to a maximum of 12 months. The primary outcome measures included amputation-free survival (AFS) (avoidance of above-ankle amputation or death from any cause), overall mortality, limb salvage rates, wound healing efficiency, and the technical efficacy of the applied treatments. A variety of statistical analyses including chi-square tests, Fisher's exact tests, and Pearson's and Spearman's correlation analyses.
RESULTS: In this study, 131 patients with CLTI were included: 76 in the control group receiving only EVT treatment and 55 in the TTT + EVT group. The two groups were matched on demographic and clinical characteristics. In the TTT + EVT group, after more than 6 months of follow-up, 85.5% of patients achieved AFS, and wound healing was observed in 54.5% (30 of 55 patients). After more than 12 months of follow-up, 81.9% achieved AFS, with wound healing in 32 patients. Furthermore, after more than 24 months, 74.2% of patients remained amputation-free, with wound healing in all surviving patients. In the control group, after more than 6 months of follow-up, 72.4% of patients achieved AFS, and wound healing was observed in 51.3% (39 of 96 patients). After more than 12 months, 48.9% achieved AFS, with wound healing in 21 patients.
CONCLUSION: We found that combining therapy of TTT and EVT is safe and can be successfully administered in patients with CLTI and it enhances wound healing and AFS.
Risk summary

Based on findings from animal studies and its mechanism of action, IMJUDO can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.1)]. There are no available data on the use of IMJUDO in pregnant women. In animal studies, CTLA-4 blockade is associated with increased risk of immune-mediated rejection of the developing fetus and fetal death (see Data).

Human immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) is known to cross the placental barrier; therefore, IMJUDO has the potential to be transmitted from the mother to the developing fetus. Advise pregnant women and females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus.

In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.

Data

Animal Data

In a reproduction study, administration of tremelimumab-actl to pregnant cynomolgus monkeys during the period of organogenesis was not associated with maternal toxicity or effects on embryo-fetal development at exposure levels approximately 4 to 31-times higher than those observed at a recommended dose range of 75 mg to 300 mg based on area under the curve (AUC). CTLA-4 plays a role in maintaining maternal immune tolerance to the fetus to preserve pregnancy and in immune regulation of the newborn. In a murine model of pregnancy, CTLA-4 blockade resulted in increased resorptions and reduced live fetuses. Mated genetically engineered mice heterozygous for CTLA-4 (CTLA-4+/-) gave birth to CTLA-4+/- offspring and offspring deficient in CTLA-4 (homozygous negative, CTLA-4-/-) that appeared healthy at birth. The CTLA-4-/- homozygous negative offspring developed signs of a lymphoproliferative disorder and died by 3 to 4 weeks of age with multiorgan tissue destruction. Based on its mechanism of action, fetal exposure to tremelimumab-actl may increase the risk of developing immune-mediated disorders or altering the normal immune response.
BACKGROUND: We aimed to elucidate clinical implications of genetic variant interpretation in assessing disease severity and progression in thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) patients.
METHODS: Consecutive TAAD patients with aortic root and/or ascending aortic aneurysms seen between 2011 and 2020 were included. Serial echocardiography, family history of TAAD, and management information were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Patients were classified into gene-positive (Gen-P), variants of uncertain significance, and gene-negative (Gen-N) groups.
RESULTS: A total of 407 patients were included: mean age 53.7 ± 15.4 years, 64.4% men, and 38% with reported family history of TAAD. Thirty-seven (9.1%) were Gen-P; 147 (36.1%) had a variant of uncertain significance. The maximal aneurysm diameter was 4.78 mm larger in Gen-P than the other groups (P < .001). In 162 unoperated TAAD patients with serial echocardiographic measurements, aneurysms enlarged at a significantly higher rate in the Gen-P (1.36 mm/year, 95% CI: 0.77-1.95) than variants of uncertain significance and Gen-N groups (0.83 mm/year vs 0.89 mm/year, respectively; P < .001). Aneurysms were 20% more likely to require surgical intervention for every millimeter increase in diameter. When considered on an individual basis, the highest growth rates were found in the variants of uncertain significance group.
CONCLUSIONS: While aneurysms linked to variants of uncertain significance demonstrate average growth rates comparable to those in Gen-N, close follow-up and genetic counseling in the variants of uncertain significance group are recommended for assessment of pathogenicity on a case-by-case basis. Early familial gene testing in TAAD is important to develop individualized preventive and therapeutic criteria.
In the multiple doses, controlled clinical studies, 48% of patients receiving any dose of tizanidine reported sedation as an adverse event. In 10% of these cases, the sedation was rated as severe compared to < 1% in the placebo treated patients. Sedation may interfere with everyday activity.

The effect appears to be dose related. In a single dose study, 92% of the patients receiving 16 mg, when asked, reported that they were drowsy during the 6 hour study. This compares to 76% of the patients on 8 mg and 35% of the patients on placebo. Patients began noting this effect 30 minutes following dosing. The effect peaked 1.5 hours following dosing. Of the patients who received a single dose of 16 mg, 51% continued to report drowsiness 6 hours following dosing compared to 13% in the patients receiving placebo or 8 mg of tizanidine.

In the multiple dose studies, the prevalence of patients with sedation peaked following the first week of titration and then remained stable for the duration of the maintenance phase of the study.
BACKGROUND: Depression and chronic pain frequent co-occur, exacerbating each other's symptoms and hindering treatment. Emerging studies have highlighted abnormal gut microbiota in both conditions. Previous studies have demonstrated the clinical effectiveness of electro-acupuncture (EA) in managing these conditions, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.
METHODS: Spared nerve injury (SNI) was employed to induce chronic pain and depression-like behavior. Rats were randomly assigned to sham SNI (SS), SNI, and EA groups. SNI surgery was performed on all rats, except those in SS group, which underwent sham SNI surgery. Then EA group received 5 weeks of EA treatment. Pain and depression-like behavior were assessed through paw withdrawal threshold, sucrose-preference test, and forced swim test. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed via 16S rDNA sequencing. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and acetylation-related proteins in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) were evaluated through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot.
RESULTS: EA treatment significantly ameliorated pain and depression-like behavior. The 16S rDNA sequencing showed EA modulated gut microbiota composition, increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria, including Akkermansi, Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae family, particularly Akkermansia. Furthermore, EA increased BDNF, AcH3 and decreased HDAC2 in mPFC. Notably, SCFAs-producing bacteria exhibited a negative correlation with HDAC2 levels.
LIMITATIONS: This study exclusively investigated microbiota differences resulting from EA stimulation, without delving into the functional variations brought about by these microbial distinctions.
CONCLUSIONS: The therapeutic effects of EA on the comorbidity of chronic pain and depression may involve the modulation of the gut microbiota, resulting in histone acetylation changes and upregulation of BDNF.
The invention relates to a novel delivery system of Duoxitasai lipidosome for injection and a preparation method thereof. The delivery system comprises Duoxitasai, phospholipid membrane materials, membrane stabilizing materials and pharmaceutically acceptable assistant agent, which respectively contains curative dose, wherein the membrane stabilizing material comprises ion-type amphiphilic substances, and the weight ratio of the Duoxitasai, the phospholipid membrane materials and the membrane stabilizing materials is 1:5:0.2-1:50:50. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (a) emulsification, i.e. dissolving the Duoxitasai, the phospholipid membrane materials and the membrane stabilizing materials in an organic solvent, then pouring the mixture into a water phase, and emulsifying the mixture into emulsion with an emulsifying apparatus; and (b) volatilization and dispersion, i.e. removing the organic solvent by volatilization, and then packaging the Duoxitasai in lipidosomes. The lipidosome prepared according to the method has small mean grain sizes, narrow distribution, high packaging rate, great drug loading amount and good reproduction quality and is suitable for the scaling-up of the industrial production.
A C-Arm X-ray imaging system using multiple pulsed X-ray sources in motion to perform efficient and ultrafast 3D radiography is presented. X-ray sources mounted on a structure in motion to form an array. X-ray sources move simultaneously relative to an object on a pre-defined arc track at a constant speed as a group. Each individual source can also move rapidly around its static position in a small distance. When a source has a speed that is equal to group speed but with opposite moving direction, the source at one C-arm end and X-ray flat panel detector at other C-arm end are activated through an external exposure control unit so that source stay momentarily standstill. The C-arm provides 3D X-ray scan imaging over a wide sweep angle and in different position by rotation. The X-ray image can be analyzed by an artificial intelligence module for real-time diagnosis.
On the day of surgery and after arrival to the theatre, all patients will have supplemental oxygen by nasal cannula at 5 L min-1 and will be connected to the standard monitoring non-invasive blood pressure, electrocardiography, and pulse oximetry. crystalloid 10mg/kg will be administered then all patients will receive spinal anaesthesia in the sitting position, under complete aseptic technique. The midline or Para median spinal puncture will be performed. volume of 3 ml of hyperbaric bupivacaine (Marcaine® Spinal Heavy 0.5%, AstraZeneca) will be injected using a 25 G spinal needle . After establishment of spinal anesthesia , A loading dose of dexmetomedine (1 µg/kg) will be administered for 10 min for all the patients then Three types of syringes will be prepared on 50 ml syringes Group A: saline 50 ml, Group B: a 50 ml mixture of saline 49 ml and dexmedetomidine 100 μg, and Group C: a 50 ml mixture of saline 48 ml and dexmedetomidine 200 μg. the patients then they will be randomized into 3 groups
BACKGROUND: Tropical infectious diseases and vaccine-preventable emergencies are the mainstay of pre-travel consultations. However, non-communicable diseases, injuries and accidents that occur during travel are not emphasized enough in these settings.
METHODS: We performed a narrative review based on a literature search of PubMed, Google Scholar, UpToDate, DynaMed and LiSSa and on reference textbooks and medical journals dedicated to travel, emergency and wilderness medicine. Relevant secondary references were extracted. We also aimed to discuss newer or neglected issues, such as medical tourism, Coronavirus Disease 2019, exacerbations of co-morbidities associated with international travel, insurance coverage, health care seeking abroad, medical evacuation or repatriation and tips for different types of travellers' emergency medical kits (personal, group, physician handled).
RESULTS: All sources reviewed led to the selection of >170 references. Among epidemiological data on morbidity and deaths while abroad, only retrospective data are available. Deaths are estimated to occur in 1 in 100 000 travellers, with 40% caused by trauma and 60% by diseases, and <3% linked to infectious diseases. Trauma and other injuries acquired during travel, such as traffic accidents and drowning, can be reduced by up to 85% with simple preventive recommendations such as avoiding simultaneous alcohol intake. In-flight emergencies occur on 1 in 604 flights on average. Thrombosis risk is two to three times greater for travellers than for non-travellers. Fever during or after travel can occur in 2-4% of travellers, but in up to 25-30% in tertiary centres. Traveller's diarrhoea, although rarely severe, is the most common disease associated with travel. Autochthonous emergencies (acute appendicitis, ectopic pregnancy, dental abscess) can also occur.
CONCLUSIONS: Pre-travel medicine encounters must include the topic of injuries and medical emergencies, such as the risk-taking behaviours and foster better planning in a comprehensive approach along with vaccines and infectious diseases advices.
The present invention relates to a compound Chinese medicine preparation, particularly to a longzhu pingkang drug for treating hyperthyroidism and a preparation method thereof. The compound Chinese medicine preparation is prepared from 15 kinds of raw materials of Radix Scrophulariae, gentian, Radix Ophiopogonis, Carapax Trionycis, Spica Prunellae, pearls, etc. In the technology, pearl powder, carapax trionycis and tree peony barks are milled into powder, and bulbus fritillariae thunbergii is pulverized into coarse powder and is spare through extraction. An oyster is decocted and is added with other ten kinds of Chinese medicine of xuanshen, etc., is decocted to combine decocted liquid and is filtered, and filter liquor is concentrated and is added with a bulbus fritillariae thunbergii extract, is evenly mixed, is concentrated into thick paste, is added with carapax trionycis powder, tree peony bark powder and pearl very fine powder, is evenly mixed to decoct pills with water, is dried, is coated and is polished to prepare a water pill. The present invention has functions of nourishing yin, clearing fire, nourishing heart, calming mind, resolving phlegm and softening and resolving hard mass. The present invention is used for aversion to heat, bulimia, palpitation, vexation, hyperhidrosis, fatigue and hand tremor which are caused by hyperthyroidism with a type of hyperactivity of fire due to yin deficiency. As a clinical test for a patient suffering from hyperthyroidism is shown, total effective rate reaches 100%, healing rate reaches 97.14%, and an obvious adverse reaction does not appear.
Community pharmacist will explain the risks of contracting HCV from current or historical intravenous drug use. OST patients will then meet with an outreach hepatology nurse specialist who will perform a diagnostic point-of-care (PoC) HCV test along with venepuncture for safety blood tests and confirmatory HCV RNA on the pharmacy premises. The nurse will return for a subsequent visit to prescribe (in the UK; in Australia prescribing is undertaken by qualified medic) and deliver HCV medication for participants who test positive, which will be dispensed alongside their OST schedule by their community pharmacist. The outreach nurse will return after approximately 14 days to confirm negative results, dispense medication for new patients with positive results (PCR positive but below limit of detection of POC test) and confirm follow up appointments where required. The RNA and PoC test will also be administered for sustained viral response at 12 weeks post treatment (SVR12).
The present invention relates to insect-ant capsules which belong to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine products. A proper amount of aweto, ant, red sage root and hawthorn fruit are pulverized into 100 meshes of powder which is filled in No. 0 capsules for taking after being selected and dried. The capsules have the functions of activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis, improving the blood circulation of the liver, regulating immunological function, eliminating viruses, lowering transaminase and promoting the generation of liver cells through the proof of two-year clinical applications. The capsules have obvious effect on treating positive HBSAg carriers and patients with diseases, such as acute and chronic hepatitis, various kinds of rheumatic arthritis, etc. The present invention has the advantages of wide medicine sources, simple preparation method, low price which is suitable for consumption of patients, excellent therapeutic effect and no side effect.
For initial treatment of hyperkalemia, the recommended dose of LOKELMA is 10 g administered three times a day for up to 48 hours. Administer LOKELMA orally as a suspension in water [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].

For continued treatment, the recommended dose is 10 g once daily. Monitor serum potassium and adjust the dose of LOKELMA based on the serum potassium level and desired target range. During maintenance treatment, up-titrate based on the serum potassium level at intervals of 1-week or longer and in increments of 5 g. Decrease the dose of LOKELMA or discontinue if the serum potassium is below the desired target range. The recommended maintenance dose range is from 5 g every other day to 15 g daily.
Mycetoma is a neglected invasive infection endemic in tropical and subtropical regions, presenting as a chronic subcutaneous inflammatory mass that can spread to deeper structures, leading to deformities, disabilities, and potentially mortality. The current treatment of eumycetoma, the fungal form of mycetoma, involves antifungal agents, such as itraconazole, combined with surgical intervention. However, this approach has limited success, with low cure rates and a high risk of recurrence. This study addresses to the urgent need for more effective therapeutics by designing and synthesising 47 diversely pharmacomodulated imidazo [1,2-b]pyridazine derivatives using a simple synthetic pathway with good yields and purity. Of these, 17 showed promising in vitro activity against Madurella mycetomatis, the prime causative agent of eumycetoma, with IC50 ≤ 5 μM and demonstrated significantly lower cytotoxicity compared to standard treatments in NIH-3T3 fibroblasts. Notably, compound 14d exhibited an excellent activity with an IC50 of 0.9 μM, in the same order then itraconazole (IC50 = 1.1 μM), and achieved a favourable selectivity index of 16 compared to 0.8 for itraconazole. These promising results warrant further research to evaluate the clinical potential of these novel compounds as safer, more effective treatments for eumycetoma, thus addressing a profound gap in current therapeutic strategies.