anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The safety and effectiveness of deflazacort oral suspension for the treatment of DMD have been established in patients 5 years of age and older. Use of deflazacort oral suspension in pediatric patients is supported by a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled study in 196 males 5 to 15 years of age [see Clinical Studies (14)]. 

Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below the age of 2 years have not been established.

Deflazacort oral suspension contains benzyl alcohol and is not approved for use in pediatric patients less than 2 years of age. Serious adverse reactions including fatal reactions and “gasping syndrome” occurred in premature neonates and low birth weight infants in the neonatal intensive care unit who received drugs containing benzyl alcohol as a preservative. In these cases, benzyl alcohol dosages of 99 to 234 mg/kg/day produced high levels of benzyl alcohol and its metabolites in the blood and urine (blood levels of benzyl alcohol were 0.61 to 1.378 mmol/L). Additional adverse reactions included gradual neurological deterioration, seizures, intracranial hemorrhage, hematologic abnormalities, skin breakdown, hepatic and renal failure, hypotension, bradycardia, and cardiovascular collapse. Preterm, low-birth weight infants may be more likely to develop these reactions because they may be less able to metabolize benzyl alcohol.

When prescribing deflazacort oral suspension consider the combined daily metabolic load of benzyl alcohol from all sources including deflazacort oral suspension (Deflazacort oral suspension contains 10.45 mg of benzyl alcohol per mL) and other drugs containing benzyl alcohol. The minimum amount of benzyl alcohol at which serious adverse reactions may occur is not known. At the recommended dose of 0.9 mg/kg/day of deflazacort oral suspension, patients would receive approximately 0.4 mg/kg/day of benzyl alcohol [see Warnings and Precautions (5.13)].

Juvenile Animal Toxicity Data

Oral administration of deflazacort (0, 0.1, 0.3, and 1.0 mg/kg/day) to juvenile rats from postnatal day (PND) 21 to 80 resulted in decreased body weight gain and adverse effects on skeletal development (including decreased cellularity of growth plate and altered bone distribution) and on lymphoid tissue (decreased cellularity). A no-effect dose was not identified. In addition, neurological and neurobehavioral abnormalities were observed at the mid and/or high dose. Plasma 21-desDFZ exposure (AUC) at the lowest dose tested (0.1 mg/kg/day) was lower than that in humans at the recommended human dose of deflazacort oral suspension (0.9 mg/kg/day).

Additional pediatric use information is approved for PTC Therapeutics, Inc.'s Emflaza® (deflazacort) oral suspension. However, due to PTC Therapeutics, Inc.'s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that information.
This group consists of individuals that wear lead aprons, and they will receive five, 30-minute scheduled massage appointments, during the hours the participant is working in the cardiac lab, over a 5 week period. This arm will not receive massages for the first 5 weeks and then will receive their massages during the second 5 week period.
Each subject will be provided with 2 nutrients-fortified eggs from N\&N Agriculture Pte Ltd to consume daily for 12 weeks. They will be instructed to consume the eggs for breakfast with the following preparation methods: hard-boiling, half-boiling and steaming. Subjects are to continue their usual diet.
Early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal polyps are crucial for preventing colorectal cancer. This paper proposes a lightweight convolutional neural network for the automatic detection and auxiliary diagnosis of colorectal polyps. Initially, a 53-layer convolutional backbone network is used, incorporating a spatial pyramid pooling module to achieve feature extraction with different receptive field sizes. Subsequently, a feature pyramid network is employed to perform cross-scale fusion of feature maps from the backbone network. A spatial attention module is utilized to enhance the perception of polyp image boundaries and details. Further, a positional pattern attention module is used to automatically mine and integrate key features across different levels of feature maps, achieving rapid, efficient, and accurate automatic detection of colorectal polyps. The proposed model is evaluated on a clinical dataset, achieving an accuracy of 0.9982, recall of 0.9988, F1 score of 0.9984, and mean average precision (mAP) of 0.9953 at an intersection over union (IOU) threshold of 0.5, with a frame rate of 74 frames per second and a parameter count of 9.08 M. Compared to existing mainstream methods, the proposed method is lightweight, has low operating configuration requirements, high detection speed, and high accuracy, making it a feasible technical method and important tool for the early detection and diagnosis of colorectal cancer.
BACKGROUND: Sudden onset hearing loss (SOHL) is rare and presents differently to individuals; hence, it is complex to diagnose. The impact on the quality of life (QoL) varies for individuals and their support structure. However, the exploration of research designs is warranted.
OBJECTIVES: This study explored the lived experiences of adults post-SOHL diagnosis and the impact on the QoL. Facilitators of emotional and social aspects of counselling provided by audiologists post-SOHL diagnosis were established.
METHOD: This was a convergent parallel research study. Data were collected from the two primary participants and three secondary participants, face-to-face and telephonically. The Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults (HHIA) screening tool and the semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. The data sets were analysed independently, viz. descriptive analysis and thematic analysis, to confirm the impact on the QoL post-SOHL diagnosis.
RESULTS: The HHIA scores obtained were 84% and 50% for P1 and P2, respectively. Key themes that emerged from the interviews revealed that communication difficulties mostly impacted the QoL, which in turn influenced their mental and social well-being. Aural rehabilitation was perceived as ineffective support, thus the inability to reduce the impact on the QoL post-SOHL diagnosis.
CONCLUSION: The integrated findings indicated the impact on the QoL post-SOHL diagnosis. Convergent parallel methods should be considered by researchers to understand rare auditory pathologies and their impact on the QoL.Contribution: Person-centred care (PCC) and family-centred care (FCC) are facilitators of counselling that audiologists can employ as QoL management strategies post-SOHL diagnosis.
An infant girl presented with multiple blisters followed by peeling of the skin over the entire body for 5 days with a prodrome of fever and cough. The child had dysmorphic facies, growth faltering and developmental delay. The ultrasonogram of the abdomen showed multiple small cysts in both kidneys with increased echogenicity and loss of corticomedullary differentiation. The whole exome sequencing revealed a 1.4 mb deletion on the long arm of chromosome 17, which also involves HNF1B gene. Diabetes workup showed an HbA1c of 5.9% with normal fasting glucose levels suggestive of a possible pre-diabetes. The renal functions were deranged with an estimated GFR of 22 mL/min/1.73 m2 Keeping a possibility of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS), the child was treated successfully with appropriate antibiotics. This case depicts atypical presentation of 17q12 deletion syndrome with a very early onset chronic kidney disease, pre-diabetes and SSSS.
0.9% Sodium Chloride Irrigation USP is supplied sterile and nonpyrogenic in single-dose 2000 mL and 3000 mL plastic containers packaged 4 per case.

Exposure of pharmaceutical products to heat should be minimized. Avoid excessive heat. Protect from freezing. It is recommended that the product be stored at room temperature (25°C); however, brief exposure up to 40°C does not adversely affect the product.

Do not warm above 150°F (66°C).
Monoclonal immunoglobulins arise from abnormal proliferation of a single clone of plasma cells. They are composed of a single light and/or heavy chain class, in contrast to polyclonal immunoglobulins. They may occur in malignant lymphoproliferative diseases, such as multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, amyloidosis, or more benign conditions such as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Recently we have observed monoclonal gammopathy occurring in patients with tuberculosis. Whether tuberculous infection plays a role in the production of monoclonal protein, and whether the monoclonal immunoglobulins possess anti-tuberculous activity are unknown. In the current project we plan to study: (1) whether the monoclonal immunoglobulin developed in patients with tuberculosis reacts with tuberculous antigen (using ELISA), and (2) whether the VH gene sequence analysis of such patient shows different mutation patterns (indicating the presence of intraclonal mutation variation) or not. If there is no intraclonal mutation variation, it suggests that the plasma cell clone is not under current exposure to the mutator, and the production of monoclonal gammopathy is probably not related to tuberculous infection. If, however, the VH gene sequence analysis shows the presence of intraclonal mutation variation, it indicates that the plasma cell clone is continuously under the influence of the mutator. In such case the production of monoclonal protein may be related to tuberculous infection.
Regarding to aortic geometry, attention is often drawn to aortic diameters since an increase in these diameters (e.g. aneurysm) can lead to life-threatening complications such as dissection and/or rupture. In daily practice however (e.g. imaging reports), the investigators often encounter patients with elongation of the ascending aorta. Little is known about the length of the proximal aorta. Furthermore, the clinical implications of an elongated aorta are unknown.
Safety assessments and tolerability will be assessed through electrocardiograms (ECG). clinical laboratory tests, vital signs, Adverse Event assessments, and physical exams. Baseline radiographic tumor assessments, including CT scans of the chest, abdomen and pelvis will be obtained. Radiologic assessments and CA-125 measurements will also be performed every 8 weeks during dosing and following completion of dosing until disease progression. Study visits will be conducted weekly for the first 2 cycles and on Day 1 of each subsequent cycle, at the Final Visit and 30 day Follow-up Visit. Study visits will include physical examination, complete blood count (CBC) and chemistries. A urinalysis tests will be performed at Screening and Final Visit. An ECG will be performed at Screening, Cycle 1 Day 1 and at the Final Study Visit. A left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) will be measured by Echocardiogram or Multiple Gated Acquisition (MUGA) scan on all subjects at Screening. Subjects randomized to the PLD arm will have an echocardiogram or MUGA performed at the Final Study Visit and at the discretion of the Investigator throughout the study. Adverse events will be assessed at every visit.
Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation is the only way to preserve fertility for female cancer patients in prepubertal ages and those who cannot delay radiotherapy or chemotherapy. However, the success rate of cryopreservation and transplantation of ovarian tissue is still low at present due to the risk of ischemia and hypoxia of the grafted tissues. Abnormal activation of primordial follicles and ischemia-reperfusion injury after blood supply recovery also cause massive loss of follicles in grafted ovarian tissues. Various studies have explored the use of different drugs to reduce the damage of follicles during freezing and transplantation as well as to extend the duration of endocrine and reproductive function in patients with ovarian transplantation. For example, melatonin, N-acetylcysteine, erythropoietin or other antioxidants have been used to reduce oxidative stress; mesenchymal stem cells derived from different tissues, basic fibroblast growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin 2 and gonadotropin have been used to promote revascularization; anti-Müllerian hormone and rapamycin have been used to reduce abnormal activation of primordial follicles. This article reviews the research progress on the main mechanisms of follicle loss after ovarian tissue transplantation, including hypoxia, ischemia-reperfusion injury and associated cell death, and abnormal activation of follicles. The methods for reducing follicle loss in grafted ovarian tissues are further explored to provide a reference for improving the efficiency of ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation.
Patients in the CT group completed the exercise program once a day and three days a week during the 10-week period under the physicians' supervision. The exercises consisted of standing on one leg, tandem walking (heel-to-toe), balance board exercises, Romberg exercise, backward walking, and side-to-side stepping exercises. The total duration of these exercises was 20-30 minutes. Furthermore this group also received CKCE in addition to their own exercise program, which was applied in exactly the same way. The CKCE were performed in three sets of 10 repetitions with five seconds rest between each exercise. The exercises consisted of mini-squats, wall sits, and lunges.
PURPOSE:To provide a perfume composition containing a new N-substituted anthranilic acid ester as an active ingredient, having a soft and sweet smell such as a floral or fruity smell, having good durability and stability and useful in a wide field. CONSTITUTION:The objective perfume composition contains a new N-substituted anthranilic acid ester of formula I (R<1> is group of formula II, III, etc.; R<2> is methyl, ethyl) [e.g. N-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenylmethyl)-anthranilic acid methyl ester] as an active ingredient. The compound of formula I is obtained e.g. by subjecting an anthranilic acid lover alkyl ester of formula IV and an aldehyde compound of formula R-CHO to a dehydrative condensation reaction at 15-100 deg.C for 10-50hrs and subsequently catalytically reducing the produced imine compound of formula V in the presence of Pd-C catalyst under a hydrogen gas pressure of 1-10kg/cm<2> at 5-100 deg.C for 1-10hrs.
BACKGROUND. Underlying stroke is often misdiagnosed in patients presenting with dizziness. Although such patients are usually ineligible for acute stroke treatment, accurate diagnosis may still improve outcomes through selection of patients for secondary prevention measures. OBJECTIVE. The purpose of our study was to investigate the cost-effectiveness of differing neuroimaging approaches in the evaluation of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with dizziness who are not candidates for acute intervention. METHODS. A Markov decision-analytic model was constructed from a health care system perspective for the evaluation of a patient presenting to the ED with dizziness. Four diagnostic strategies were compared: noncontrast head CT, head and neck CTA, conventional brain MRI, and specialized brain MRI (including multiplanar high-resolution DWI). Differing long-term costs and outcomes related to stroke detection and secondary prevention measures were compared. Cost-effectiveness was calculated in terms of lifetime expenditures in 2022 U.S. dollars for each quality-adjusted life year (QALY); deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS. Specialized MRI resulted in the highest QALYs and was the most cost-effective strategy with US$13,477 greater cost and 0.48 greater QALYs compared with noncontrast head CT. Conventional MRI had the next-highest health benefit, although was dominated by extension with incremental cost of US$6757 and 0.25 QALY; CTA was also dominated by extension, with incremental cost of US$3952 for 0.13 QALY. Non-contrast CT alone had the lowest utility among the four imaging choices. In the deterministic sensitivity analyses, specialized MRI remained the most cost-effective strategy. Conventional MRI was more cost-effective than CTA across a wide range of model parameters, with incremental cost-effectiveness remaining less than US$30,000/QALY. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis yielded similar results as found in the base-case analysis, with specialized MRI being more cost-effective than conventional MRI, which in turn was more cost-effective than CTA. CONCLUSION. The use of MRI in patients presenting to the ED with dizziness improves stroke detection and selection for subsequent preventive measures. MRI-based evaluation leads to lower long-term costs and higher cumulative QALYs. CLINICAL IMPACT. MRI, incorporating specialized protocols when available, is the preferred approach for evaluation of patients presenting to the ED with dizziness, to establish a stroke diagnosis and to select patients for secondary prevention measures.
The velopharyngeal sphincter seals the oropharynx from the nasopharynx during swallowing and speech. This three-dimensional muscular valve closes through the synergistic behavior of the soft palate and the lateral and posterior walls of the pharynx. A soft palate defect surgically acquired in the context of oral cancer may impede complete closure and lead to a palatopharyngeal insufficiency. The resultant airflow escape results in hypernasality, poor speech intelligibility, and swallowing problems (such as leakage of foods and fluids into the nasal airways). The best way to rehabilitate and restore chewing and swallowing is one of the top ten research priorities in head and neck cancer. When the velopharyngeal function cannot be immediately restored with surgical reconstruction, patients can benefit from an obturator prosthesis. This obturator is a rigid extension of acrylic resin positioned at the level of the hard palate that provides surface contact for the remaining musculature. Often, the residual muscle stumps cannot move adequately around this stiff and inert obturator to properly restore the velopharyngeal valve function. The resulting blockage, or free space between the tissues and obturator, is a main cause of prosthetic failure. Subsequently, in many cases, oral functions remain impaired, with a negative impact on the patient's quality of life.

The compensating treatment consists of a provisional removable partial denture (RPD) with a membrane obturator. The membrane consisted of a thick dental dam shaped with scissors to create a 10-mm overlap with the pharyngeal walls that was then perforated with four holes using punch pliers.

The follow-up ends after the last visit. However, our team can provide cares of any patient seeking for dental care, prosthetic treatments and routine follow-up.
NEW MATERIAL:The compound of formula I (R is 6-10C alkyl). EXAMPLE:n-Octylthioglucoside. USE:Solubilizing agent for biological substance. It can be produced at a low cost, and can be reconstituted to an artificial membrane. PREPARATION:For example, the acetyl-protected glucosethiourea compound of formula II is made to react with the compound of formula RX (X is halogen) (e.g. n-octyl bromide) e.g. in a 1:1 mixture of acetone and water, in the presence of potassium carbonate and sodium sulfite, etc. for 15hr under stirring, extracting the reaction product with methylene chloride, etc., and eliminating the protecting group by hydrolyzing with an alkali.
Brief Behavioral Therapy for Sleep Disruption in IBD (BBTS-I) plus bupropion-SR (bupropion-Sustained Release). 8-week trial of bupropion-SR (target dose: 200-300 mg/day). bup-SR, a noradrenergic dopaminergic reuptake inhibitor (NDRI). NDRI has been shown to improve fatigue and rapid eye movement-sleep (REM) in medically ill populations.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Clinical guidelines should ideally be formulated from data representative of the population they are applicable to; however, historically, studies have disproportionally enrolled non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients, leading to potential inequities in care for minority groups. Our study aims to evaluate the extent to which racial minorities were represented in the United States Colorectal Cancer Surveillance Guidelines.
METHODS: We reviewed US guidelines between 1997 and 2020 and all identified studies cited by recommendations for surveillance after a baseline colonoscopy with no polyps, adenomas, sessile serrated polyps, and hyperplastic polyps. We analyzed the proportion of studies reporting race, and among these studies, we calculated the racial distribution of patients and compared the proportion of Non-NHW patients between each subtype.
RESULTS: For all guidelines, we reviewed 75 studies encompassing 9,309,955 patients. Race was reported in 24% of studies and 14% of total patients. Non-NHW comprised 43% of patients in studies for normal colonoscopies, compared with 9% for adenomas, 22% for sessile serrated polyps, and 15% for hyperplastic polyps. For the 2020 guidelines, we reviewed 33 studies encompassing 5,930,722 patients. Race was reported in 15% of studies and 21% of total patients. Non-NHW comprised 43% of patients in studies for normal colonoscopies, compared with 9% for tubular adenomas. Race was not cited for any other 2020 guideline.
CONCLUSION: Racial minorities are significantly underrepresented in US Colorectal Cancer Surveillance Guidelines, which may contribute to disparities in care. Future studies should prioritize enrolling a diverse patient population to provide data that accurately reflects their population.
After IMPROD bpMRI prostate biopsies are performed according to shared decision-making by the treating urologist and the patient. If biopsies are to be performed, in men with IMPROD bpMRI likert scores of 1-2, 12-core systematic TRUS guided biopsies are performed and in men with Likert 3-5 score lesions systematic biopsies are performed and two targeted biopsies are taken from each lesion (up to two lesions). If biopsies are not performed, men are referred for a PSA follow-up.
Caroli's syndrome is a congenital disease characterized by dilation of intrahepatic bile ducts and congenital hepatic fibrosis. It is a rare condition in clinical work. Typically, the diagnosis of this disease is confirmed through medical imaging. Here, we report a case of atypical Caroli's syndrome in a patient who presented with recurrent upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding. The patient underwent imaging examinations, liver biopsy and whole exome sequencing. The results of the imaging examination were non-specific. However, with the aid of pathological examination, the patient was diagnosed with Caroli's syndrome. In conclusion, for cases where the imaging presentation of Caroli's syndrome is inconclusive, an accurate diagnosis should rely on pathology. By discussing this specific case, our aim is to enhance readers' understanding of this disease, provide valuable information that can aid in the early detection and appropriate management of Caroli's syndrome, ultimately improving patient outcomes.