anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Vasovagal syncope (VVS, simple faint) is the most common cause of transient loss of consciousness and represents the acute episodic form of orthostatic intolerance (OI). Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is the common chronic form of OI. Both are defined by debilitating symptoms and signs while upright relieved by recumbency. Pathophysiological mechanisms have remained elusive. Most POTS patients and all VVS patients have normal supine resting hemodynamics but excessively redistribute blood flow and blood volume from the central pool to the splanchnic vasculature because of defective splanchnic arterial vasoconstriction and venoconstriction. While peripheral and splanchnic arterial vasoconstriction depend primarily on post-junctional alpha-1 adrenergic receptors, splanchnic venoconstriction also depends on post-junctional alpha-2 adrenergic receptors. Consequently, selective alpha-1 agonists such as midodrine may not produce sufficient splanchnic venoconstriction to compensate for splanchnic pooling in POTS and VVS. Such alpha adrenergic subtype restrictions do not apply to Northera (droxidopa) because it is a norepinephrine (NE) prodrug and therefore increases the amount of synaptic NE that can then bind to both alpha-2 and alpha-1 receptors. Northera should therefore improve both sympathetic splanchnic arterial vasoconstriction and sympathetic splanchnic venoconstriction in POTS and VVS, and may represent an ideal drug to improve the orthostatic response in POTS and VVS. We will test the hypothesis that Northera, in appropriate dose, improves the splanchnic adrenergic deficits that initiate POTS and postural VVS and in sufficient daily dose improves quality of life in these patients. To accomplish this, the investigator will recruit 10 POTS patients aged 18-30 years, 10 similarly aged patients with 2 or more episodes of VVS in the past year (thus defining recurrent VVS) and 10 age and gender matched healthy volunteer control subjects with the following specific aims:
This study is a Phase 1 study for up to a hundred people, The information gathered during this study may help us better understand the psychological effects produced by MDMA and how those effects can more effectively be used within a therapeutic context, as with people with PTSD. Participants will be healthy volunteers who have completed a program training them in conducting MDMA-assisted psychotherapy. In this randomized, double blind study, subjects will receive placebo and MDMA during two sessions scheduled at least two days apart in a psychotherapy setting. Mood, self-reported interpersonal closeness, psychological symptoms, blood pressure, heart rate and body temperature will be measured, and personality will be measured prior to the first therapy-like session and two months after the second session.

The study will follow a cross-over design, meaning that all participants will receive both MDMA and placebo, with order of session randomly assigned. Study participants will have a preparatory session prior to each experimental session and an integrative session after each session. The researchers will contact them via telephone one and two months after the second experimental session. By comparing changes in mood, feelings of emotional closeness to the self and others and psychological symptoms after placebo and after MDMA, the investigators hope to learn something about the effects of MDMA on mood, subjective experience and the way we think and feel about others.
Subjects enrolled prior to or within 30 days post implant of SureScan pacing system. In office follow-up visits required every 6 months.
Reciprocal inhibition (RI) was applied by a physiotherapist in a supine position. The physiotherapist sat on the head side of the patient. The painful side was determined, and the physiotherapist fixed the head with his/her hand and performed 50% voluntary isometric contraction of the antagonist of the painful muscle for 10 seconds. Then physiotherapist asked the patient to relax and stretch for 10 seconds in the lateral flexion direction. This method was 10 repetitions and there were 10 seconds of rest between each repetition.
In this study the investigators are going to assess and compare the predictability of distal movement of upper molars in patients with class II molar relationship when superimposing the initial malocclusion with the real end of distalization phase and the predicted end of distalization phase. Also, the investigators are going to study another dental movements, pain level, aligner properties, oral hygiene, posterior root resorption, patient satisfaction, quality of life and efficiency of these systems.

The aligner systems that are going to be used are Invisalign System (Align Technology, San José, CA), Spark Aligners (Ormco, Glendora, CA), Quicksmile (Madrid, España) and ClearCorrect (Straumann, Austin, TX). To help achieve the molar movement there is going to be place a TAD (temporary anchorage device) between two teeth. Before starting the study, the patients will need some pretreatment records (radiographs, photographs, dental casts and intraoral scan) to make a diagnosis and confirm if the patient is suitable for the study.

The required sample will be 98 subjects, assuming a sample loss of 15% the required sample will be 115 subjects per group. Patients will be randomly assigned to either group using a block randomization system and carried out by a researcher not involved in the study. Data normality will be examined with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Descriptive statistics of the different outcomes will be calculated for each group. Student's paired sample t-test will be used to analyze intragroup differences between T0 and T1. Intergroup comparison among different intervention groups will be performed using multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA), with Tukey's post-hoc test. The investigators will use the Pearson correlation coefficient to evaluate the linear relationship between the mm of distalization achieved and the mm of crowding and between the mm of distalization achieved and the patients age. The investigators will perform a binary logistic regression in order to assess the influence of confounding factor (clinical variables) on the primary outcome. All statistical analysis will be conducted using IBM SPSS 24.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) software with a 0.05 level of significance.
PURPOSE:To obtain a new platinum complex, capable of manifesting excellent antitumor effects, having high safety, good in water solubility and useful as a therapeutic agent for malignant tumor. CONSTITUTION:This platinum complex is of formula I (R<1> to R<3> are each H, a straight-chain or a branched chain alkyl, etc.; X is a halogen or two groups X may be bound to form a malonic acid residue, with the proviso that R<1> to R<3> are not simultaneously H), e.g. cis-dichloroammine (N-methylhydroxylamine) platinum(II). The complex is obtained by reacting, e.g. a Pt compound of formula II with potassium iodide in water or a mixture solution of water with ethanol, then reacting the resultant product with an amine of the formula R<1>NHOR<2> according to a method for using a solution prepared by dissolving the hydrochloride of the amine in an alkaline hydroxide solution, then suspending the resultant compound of formula III in water, adding silver nitrate to the prepared suspension, carrying out the reaction and finally reacting the produced aqueous solution of a diaquo complex of formula IV with a dilute hydrochloric acid, malonic acid, etc.
The invention provides application of a compound in preparing a medicament for inhibiting calculus formation and/or growth, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicines. The compound is a compound shown in formula I or formula II, or a salt, a stereoisomer, a hydrate, a solvate or a prodrug thereof. The compound is salicylic acid, gentisic acid and succinic acid. The research of the invention finds that salicylic acid, gentisic acid and succinic acid can effectively inhibit the formation and growth of crystals, and can be used as a crystal inhibitor for preparing the medicine for inhibiting the formation and growth of calculi. The succinic acid has the advantages of optimal calculus formation and growth inhibition effect, good kidney protection effect and good safety. The invention provides a new target and a treatment scheme for intervening in-vivo calculus formation and growth, and has good application prospect.
The size of the human head is highly heritable, but genetic drivers of its variation within the general population remain unmapped. We perform a genome-wide association study on head size (N = 80,890) and identify 67 genetic loci, of which 50 are novel. Neuroimaging studies show that 17 variants affect specific brain areas, but most have widespread effects. Gene set enrichment is observed for various cancers and the p53, Wnt, and ErbB signaling pathways. Genes harboring lead variants are enriched for macrocephaly syndrome genes (37-fold) and high-fidelity cancer genes (9-fold), which is not seen for human height variants. Head size variants are also near genes preferentially expressed in intermediate progenitor cells, neural cells linked to evolutionary brain expansion. Our results indicate that genes regulating early brain and cranial growth incline to neoplasia later in life, irrespective of height. This warrants investigation of clinical implications of the link between head size and cancer.
OBJECTIVE: A previous study reported an association between sarcopenia and anorexia determined by the simplified nutritional appetite questionnaire (SNAQ) in community-dwelling older adults. However, it is unclear in the community-dwelling older adults who are using outpatient rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between anorexia and sarcopenia as judged by SNAQ in community-dwelling older adults using outpatient rehabilitation.
METHODS: This study included 120 older adults (72.5% female). Subjects were provided outpatient rehabilitation one to three times a week. The main outcome was sarcopenia as determined using the Asian working group for sarcopenia 2019. The simplified nutritional appetite questionnaire (SNAQ) was used to assess anorexia. The SNAQ total score range from 4 (worst) to 20 (best), with 13 score and lower considered to indicate anorexia. Statistical analysis was performed by forced-entry logistic regression analysis with sarcopenia as the dependent variable, body mass index (BMI), food intake level scale, anorexia, and propensity score calculated using age, sex, number of medications, updated Charlson comorbidity index as the independent variable.
RESULTS: Sarcopenia was observed in 79 of 120 subjects (65.8%). Anorexia was observed in 28 subjects (23.3%). Logistic regression analysis revealed BMI (odds ratio: 0.71 [95% CI: 0.61-0.84]), anorexia (odds ratio: 5.35 [95% CI: 1.24-23.2]) were extracted as a significant variable.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show that anorexia as determined by the SNAQ is associated with sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults using outpatient rehabilitation. This indicates the importance of understanding anorexia in assessing sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults who are using outpatient rehabilitation.
CRC patients will receive MEHD7945A in combination with cobimetinib until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The doses and schedule of the combination treatment will be according to the MTD established in Stage 1.
Mental fatigue is defined as a decline in the ability and efficiency of mental activities. A lot of research suggests that the transition from alertness to fatigue is accompanied by alterations in correlation patterns among various brain regions. However, conventional methods for detecting mental fatigue seldom emphases inter-channel connectivity in the spatial domain. To fill this gap, this paper explores the spatial inter-channel connectivity in alertness and fatigue, employing spectral graph convolutional networks (GCN) for mental fatigue detection. We utilized Pearson correlation coefficients (PCC) to establish temporal connections and magnitude-squared coherence (MSC) for spectral connections. Topological features of the brain network were then analysed. To enhance the learning of spatial inter-channel connectivity, a dual-graph strategy transforms edge features into node features, serving as inputs to the spectral GCN. By simultaneously learning PCC and MSC features, the model results indicate significant differences in some brain network characteristics between alert and fatigue states. It confirms that the synchronicity of brain operations differs in the alert state compared to mental fatigue, and indicates that fatigue states can influence correlation patterns among different brain regions. Our approach is evaluated on a self-designed experimental dataset containing 7 subjects, demonstrating a classification accuracy of 89.59 % in group-level experiments and 95.24 % at the subject level. Additionally, on the public dataset SEED-VIG containing 23 subjects, our method achieves an accuracy of 86.58 %. In summary, this paper proposes a neural network approach based on a dynamic functional connectivity network. The network integrates both temporal and spectral connections with the goal of simultaneously learning spatial inter-channel connectivity in time and frequency domains. This effectively accomplishes fatigue state detection, highlighting that fatigue significantly influences correlations among different brain regions.
Participants will perform 30 minutes of cycling at an intensity of 60 to 70% of maximum heart rate based on 220 - their age. The aerobic exercise will utilize a Monarch 818E Monarch Lower Body Ergometer (Monark Exercise, Stockholm, Sweden). Participant's heart rate will be monitored using Polar heart rate monitor.
A fitness fatigue score for a user for a current day is provided. The fitness fatigue score can be determined based, at least in part, on first data obtained over a first period of time, second data obtained over a second period of time that is shorter in duration than the first period of time, and third data obtained over a third period of time that is longer in duration than the first period of time. The first data includes heart rate measurements for the user over the first period of time. The second data includes one or more sleep metrics for a plurality of sleep events for the user over the second period of time. The third data includes heart rate variability for the user over the third period of time. Additionally, a recommendation regarding exercise for the current day can be generated based on the fitness fatigue score.
Study in Patients with Recurrent Herpes Labialis (cold sores) 

The efficacy and safety of SITAVIG was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, patient-initiated, multicenter trial comparing SITAVIG 50 mg administered as a single dose (n = 378) to placebo (n = 397) in patients with recurrent herpes labialis (cold sores). A total of 376 SITAVIG treated patients and 395 placebo treated patients were included in the Intent to Treat (ITT) efficacy population defined as all patients who took study treatment and who had a start date and time of treatment initiation recorded. The mean age was 41.0 years (range: 18-80 years) and the majority of patients were female (68.6%), and Caucasian (94.9%). All patients had at least 4 herpes episodes in the previous year of whom 68.4% had ≥ 5 episodes. Patients were instructed to initiate treatment within one hour after the onset of prodromal symptoms and before the appearance of any signs of herpes labialis lesions by applying the tablet to the buccal mucosa in the canine fossa. If the tablet was detached within the first 6 hours, subjects were instructed to reapply a tablet.

  
The mean and median durations of the recurrent herpes labialis episode (ITT population, n=771) were approximately half a day shorter in patients treated with SITAVIG compared with patients treated with placebo.
Accumulating data has indicated that estrogens mediate enhancing effects on cognition and mood and may play a prophylactic role against age- and disease-related cognitive-cerebral decline. Phytoestrogens are plant-derived substances that have demonstrated estrogenic activity, but there is little prospective research regarding their effects on mental function. Mental health practitioners generally do not prescribe phytoestrogens. However, many women experiencing peri- and post-menopausal symptoms use marketed phytoestrogens under the perception of general health benefits, including presumably enhanced mental function. The purpose of this study is to develop preliminary data regarding the efficacy of isoflavone phytoestrogens in improving cognitive function in late middle-aged and elderly postmenopausal women with symptoms of memory impairment.

Participants in this study will be randomized to receive either isoflavone supplementation or placebo. The study will last for 16 weeks, during which participants will take the supplement pill or placebo three times a day. Participants will be assessed at study entry and at Week 16 for changes in basal cortisol levels, mood, and neuropsychological measures of executive function ability and episodic memory.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE    A new class of anti-craving compositions is provided by including, in such compositions, substances which inhibit the destruction of neuropeptidyl opiates.  In one aspect, an anti-craving composition is provided by including, in such compositions, substances which inhibit breakdown of endogenous substances, e.g. enkephalins and/or endorphins.  An anti-alcohol craving effect is observed with an enkephalen breakdown inhibitor.          Specifically, D-phenylalanine, DL-phenylalanine, D-leucine, DL-leucine, and hydrocinnamic acid, each an encephalin breakdown inhibitor, significantly lower alcohol intake in animals and humans.  The anti-alcohol desire effect is observed in animals genetically prone to choose alcohol over water solutions.
Tic disorders (TDs) include a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental conditions linked to dysfunction of the cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical (CSTC) circuit. In this article, we report a case of a 9-year-old boy who presented with infrequent tics affecting the right eye and mouth. Brain imaging revealed a T2-weighted hyperintense mass in the left thalamus. His tic symptoms resolved completely after lesionectomy. Neuropathology analysis showed dysplastic neurons, reactive gliosis, microvascular hyperplasia, and chronic inflammatory cell infiltration suggestive of ganglioglioma. Review of the literature identified 6 cases linking TDs to brain tumors, all of which involved multiple components of the CSTC circuit. TDs in these cases manifested as a combination of multiple motor and vocal tics, often with comorbidities such as obsessive-compulsive disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. By contrast, our case presented solely with simple motor tics, which resolved after lesionectomy. The exclusive thalamic involvement in this case supports the critical role of the thalamus in the etiopathogenesis of TD. This case provides valuable insights into the structural basis of the clinical manifestations in patients with TD.
This is an Head to Head Comparison between Rubidium-82 PET and Tc-99m-MIBI SPET with CTA as gold standard. All the patients will undergo the three imaging protocols.
OBJECTIVES: Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the SERPINA1 gene encoding alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), the major serine protease inhibitor in plasma. Reduced AAT levels are associated with elevated risk of developing emphysema mainly due to uncontrolled activity of neutrophil elastase in the lungs. The prevalent Z-AAT mutant and many rare pathogenic AAT variants also predispose to liver disease due to their accumulation as polymeric chains in hepatocytes. Part of these polymers are secreted into the bloodstream and could represent biomarkers of intra-hepatic accumulation. Moreover, being inactive, they further lower lung protection against proteases. Aim of our study is to accurately quantify the percentage of circulating polymers (CP) in a cohort of subjects with different SERPINA1 genotypes.
METHODS: CP concentration was measured in plasma or Dried Blood Spot (DBS) by a sensitive sandwich ELISA based on capture by the polymer-specific 2C1 monoclonal antibody.
RESULTS: CP were significantly elevated in patients with the prevalent PI*SZ and PI*ZZ genotypes, with considerable intra-genotype variability. Notably, higher percentage of polymers was observed in association with elevated C-reactive protein. CP levels were also increased in carriers of the Mmalton variant, and of Mprocida, I, Plowell and Mherleen in heterozygosity with Z-AAT.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the importance of implementing CP quantification in a clinical laboratory. Indeed, the variable amount of CP in patients with the same genotype may correlate with the variable severity of the associated lung and liver diseases. Moreover, CP can reveal the polymerogenic potential of newly discovered ultrarare AAT variants.
"Colistin" (the first breakdown product colistimethate sodium, also known as polymyxin E) is comprised of approximately 30 different polymyxins, with colistin A (polymyxin E1) and colistin B (polymyxin B) accounting for upwards of 85% of the mass. It is amphipathic, cannot be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is administered intramuscularly, intravenously (IV) or via inhalation. While approved for aerosolized use in the United Kingdom, and used in Europe for decades as such, aerosolized colistin is not FDA-approved in the United States. The intravenous formulation is approved for use in the U.S., but due to the age of the drug, it did not undergo rigorous studies of safety prior to FDA-approval. Thus, detailed pharmacokinetic data are limited and dosing is not standardized, although the maximum IV dose should not exceed 5mg/kg/day, divided into two to four equal doses. In the United Kingdom, the recommended dosing of nebulized colistin for adults is one million units (1MIU) twice daily. Despite the paucity of dosing and safety guidelines, aerosolized colistin is being prescribed regularly out of necessity given the emergence of multi-drug resistant organisms (MDROs). MDROs are strongly associated with nosocomial pneumonia and several strains are only susceptible to this older drug, thus there is an urgent need for clarification on the safe use of colistin, including in aerosolized form as this delivers a high concentration of drug directly to the infection site. This is a randomized, open-labeled Phase 1 trial of aerosolized and/or IV formulations of colistin as multiple doses over seven days. 39 healthy male and female subjects, 18-45 years of age will be admitted for an inpatient study with outpatient follow-up. The primary objective of this trial is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of multiple doses of aerosolized and intravenous colistimethate sodium separately or in combination in healthy adult subjects. The secondary objective of this trial is to determine the pharmacokinetics of multiple daily doses of aerosolized and intravenous colistimethate sodium separately or in combination in healthy adult subjects. Subjects will participate for up to 25 days plus a screening and a follow-up appointment. The duration of this study shall be for two years, including screening, study conduct (including scheduled SMC reviews), study follow-up and preparation of all reports.
During the Treatment Period, patients will take placebo once daily, orally, for 8 weeks. In the Extension Phase, patients who received placebo in the Treatment Phase will be re-randomized to receive either BLI5100 low dose or BLI5100 high dose to take once daily, orally, for 20 weeks.