anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Misoprostol is extensively absorbed, and undergoes rapid de-esterification to its free acid, which is responsible for its clinical activity and, unlike the parent compound, is detectable in plasma. The alpha side chain undergoes beta oxidation and the beta side chain undergoes omega oxidation followed by reduction of the ketone to give prostaglandin F analogs.

In normal volunteers, misoprostol is rapidly absorbed after oral administration with a Tmax of misoprostol acid of 12 ± 3 minutes and a terminal half-life of 20 to 40 minutes.

There is high variability of plasma levels of misoprostol acid between and within studies but mean values after single doses show a linear relationship with dose over the range of 200 to 400 mcg. No accumulation of misoprostol acid was noted in multiple dose studies; plasma steady state was achieved within two days.

Maximum plasma concentrations of misoprostol acid are diminished when the dose is taken with food and total availability of misoprostol acid is reduced by use of concomitant antacid. Clinical trials were conducted with concomitant antacid, however, so this effect does not appear to be clinically important.

After oral administration of radiolabeled misoprostol, about 80% of detected radioactivity appears in urine. Pharmacokinetic studies in patients with varying degrees of renal impairment showed an approximate doubling of T 1/2, C max , and AUC compared to normals, but no clear correlation between the degree of impairment and AUC. In subjects over 64 years of age, the AUC for misoprostol acid is increased. No routine dosage adjustment is recommended in older patients or patients with renal impairment, but dosage may need to be reduced if the usual dose is not tolerated. 

Drug interaction studies between misoprostol and several nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs showed no effect on the kinetics of ibuprofen or diclofenac, and a 20% decrease in aspirin AUC, not thought to be clinically significant.

Pharmacokinetic studies also showed a lack of drug interaction with antipyrine and propranolol when these drugs were given with misoprostol. Misoprostol given for 1 week had no effect on the steady state pharmacokinetics of diazepam when the two drugs were administered 2 hours apart.

The serum protein binding of misoprostol acid is less than 90% and is concentration-independent in the therapeutic range.

After a single oral dose of misoprostol to nursing mothers, misoprostol acid was excreted in breast milk. The maximum concentration of misoprostol acid in expressed breast milk was achieved within 1 hour after dosing and was 7.6 pg/mL (CV 37%) and 20.9 pg/ml (CV 62%) after single 200 µg and 600 µg misoprostol administration, respectively. The misoprostol acid concentrations in breast milk declined to < 1 pg/ml at 5 hours post-dose.
Experimental: Individuals with ID and residential staff in group homes receive 6 one-hour STEPS sessions over 12 weeks and a booster in week 18 following a standardized manual. Sessions include interactive games to build group cohesiveness, along with interactive discussion and practice. Participants are given session materials and 1-2 worksheets to practice learned skills and are asked to return the worksheets at the next session. Residential staff are given additional materials with tips on how to help residents practice social problem-solving skills between sessions. Highlights of each session using a standardized format are brought to the following session to help with engagement and provide cues for retention of materials.
Due to the simplicity, low cost and benefit of avoiding long-term joint immobilization, extension block pinning could be a suitable option for treating the volar base fractures of the middle phalanges. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the outcomes of using extension block pinning in chronic volar base fractures of the middle phalanges. In total, 26 patients with chronic closed volar base fractures of the middle phalanges were included our study. The mean age was 37 years (SD 11.59), and the mean follow-up time was 35 months (SD 19.41). The mean active range of motion (ROM) after surgery was 93° (SD 12.9). There was a negative correlation between the age and the ROM of the injured proximal interphalangeal joint after surgery. ROM did not correlate with the articular surface involvement or the interval between injury and surgery. We obtained a satisfactory result from extension block pinning for volar base fractures of the proximal interphalangeal joint in patients with chronic injuries.Level of evidence: IV.
The enhanced contact investigation strategy includes 4 implementation facilitation tools and 3 continuous quality improvement techniques and will be delivered as a branded package named for an inspirational Luganda phrase that is translated as "We are together with you." Implementation facilitation tools include 1) a TB education pamphlet, 2) a contact identification algorithm, 3) an instructional video on sputum collection, and 4) community health riders who transport clients, community health workers, and sputum samples by motorcycle. The continuous quality improvement techniques delivered as the community of practice package include 1) community of practice meetings, 2) audit and feedback reports and 3) a group chat application.
The invention relates to the field of stem cells, and discloses a hydrozoan stem cell preparation as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The invention discloses an oral liquid containing hydranth stem cells. The stem cell preparation comprises a hydranth stem cell extract, and is rich in source, high in safety and simple in preparation method. The oral liquid or injection of the invention has no toxic and side effect and is beneficial to human body. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is short in preparation time and suitable for large-scale production. The stem cell preparation and the oral liquid can delay organ and skin aging and resist aging.
Acute and chronic coronary syndromes (ACS and CCS) are leading causes of mortality. Inflammation is considered a key pathogenic driver of these diseases, but the underlying immune states and their clinical implications remain poorly understood. Multiomic factor analysis (MOFA) allows unsupervised data exploration across multiple data types, identifying major axes of variation and associating these with underlying molecular processes. We hypothesized that applying MOFA to multiomic data obtained from blood might uncover hidden sources of variance and provide pathophysiological insights linked to clinical needs. Here we compile a longitudinal multiomic dataset of the systemic immune landscape in both ACS and CCS (n = 62 patients in total, n = 15 women and n = 47 men) and validate this in an external cohort (n = 55 patients in total, n = 11 women and n = 44 men). MOFA reveals multicellular immune signatures characterized by distinct monocyte, natural killer and T cell substates and immune-communication pathways that explain a large proportion of inter-patient variance. We also identify specific factors that reflect disease state or associate with treatment outcome in ACS as measured using left ventricular ejection fraction. Hence, this study provides proof-of-concept evidence for the ability of MOFA to uncover multicellular immune programs in cardiovascular disease, opening new directions for mechanistic, biomarker and therapeutic studies.
In this arm, the patients will use their usual diabetes therapy. Additionally, patients will wear a blinded DexcomG6 for data collection during the open loop period.
BACKGROUND: The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a dynamic system orchestrated by intricate cell-to-cell crosstalk. Specifically, macrophages within the TME play a crucial role in driving tumor progression. Exosomes are key mediators of communication between tumor cells and the TME. However, the mechanisms underlying exosome-driven crosstalk between tumor cells and macrophages during colorectal cancer (CRC) progression remain incompletely elucidated.
METHODS: Single-cell RNA sequencing were analyzed using the Seurat package. Exosomes were isolated using ultracentrifugation and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blot. miRNAs differentially expressed in exosomes were analyzed using the limma package. CD206 expression in CRC tissues, exosomes tracing, and exosomal miR-106a-5p transport were observed through immunofluorescence. Macrophage polarization was assessed via qRT-PCR, ELISA, and flow cytometry. The interactions between miR-106a-5p, hnRNPA1, and SOCS6 were evaluated using miRNA pull-down, RIP, and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Transwell assays and liver metastasis model explored the role of exosomal miR-106a-5p-induced M2 macrophages in promoting CRC liver metastasis.
RESULT: The proportion of M2 macrophages is increased in CRC with liver metastasis compared to those without. Highly metastatic CRC cells release exosomes enriched with miR-106a-5p, which promote macrophages M2 polarization by suppressing SOCS6 and activating JAK2/STAT3 pathway. These M2 macrophages reciprocally enhance CRC liver metastasis. hnRNPA1 regulate the transport of miR-106a-5p into exosomes. Clinically, elevated miR-106a-5p in plasma exosomes correlated with liver metastasis and poor prognosis.
CONCLUSION: CRC-derived exosomal miR-106a-5p plays a critical role in promoting liver metastasis and is a potential biomarker for the prevention and treatment of CRC liver metastasis.
The method for preparing the lure for the oral immunization of the animals comprises the preparation of the envelope by mixing one or several attractive food components and one or several shape-building components. Then the hollow envelope is generated and filled with the active immunizing substanceand the fixative agent. The attractive food components and the shape-building components are mixed at a mass ratio of 2...8:8...2. Then the mixture is pressed under the pressure of 10-170 atmospheres. The densely pressed mass is obtained with specific weight of 0.9-3.0 g/cm3 and the compacting ratio of 1.2-3.0. The pressed mass is dried until the moisture content of 4.0-15.0%. The envelope is then filled with the active immunizing substance at a 5...50:1...5 ratio between the envelope and the active immunizing substance. Finally, the fixative agent is added at a 5...50:1...5 ratio between the envelope and the fixative agent.
OBJECTIVE: Renal failure after cardiac surgery is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. There is a lack of data examining the rate of renal recovery after patients have started dialysis following cardiac surgery. We aimed to determine the frequency of and time to renal recovery of patients requiring dialysis after cardiac surgery.
METHODS: All patients who developed new-onset renal failure requiring dialysis following cardiac surgery at our institution from 2011 to 2022 were included. Renal recovery, time to renal recovery, and mortality at 1 year were merged with patients' Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database files. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to predict time to renal recovery; we censored patients who died or were lost to follow up. Cox regression was used for risk-adjustment.
RESULTS: A total of 312 patients were included in the final analysis. Mortality during index hospital admission was 33% (n = 105), and mortality at 1 year was 45% (n = 141). Of those surviving at 1 year, 69% (n = 118) remained renally recovered. Median renal recovery time was 56 (37-74) days. Accounting for mortality as a competing risk, 51% of patients were predicted to achieve renal recovery. Increasing age (hazard ratio, 0.98; 0.514-0.94, P < .026) and increasing total packed red blood cells (hazard ratio, 0.0958; 0.937-0.987, P < .001) received were found to be significant negative predictors of renal recovery in the Fine-Gray model for subhazard distribution.
CONCLUSIONS: More than two-thirds of patients with renal failure who survived the perioperative period had renal recovery within 1 year after surgery. Recovery was driven primarily by postoperative complications rather than comorbidities and intraoperative factors, suggesting renal failure in the postoperative cardiac surgery patient surviving to discharge is unlikely to be permanent.
PURPOSE:To separate and collect the crystalline pearl layer part from the shell by hydrolyzing the shell crushed into flakes, removing the crust part and prismatic layer, calcining the obtained pearl layer and treating the calcined product with alkali. CONSTITUTION:The shell 1 having a crust layer 2 consisting of nitrogen-contg. compds., a prismatic layer 3 consisting of amorphous org. compds. and a pearl layer 4 consisting of the composite salt of crystalline alkali metal compds. is crushed into flakes, the flakes are exposed to the hot water or aq. alkali at high temp. and pressure and hydrolyzed to decompose the layers 2 and 3 which are removed from the pearl layer 4, and then calcined at a temp. at which the pearl layer 4 is not oxidized or decomposed. The pearl layer 4 is then dipped in aq. alkali for a long time or boiled and hydrolyzed for a short time to separate and remove the alkali metal compds. stuck to the crystal part of the pearl layer 4.
OBJECTIVE: We examined the perspectives of expert headache psychologists to inform best practices for integrating headache psychologists into the care of children and adults with headache disorders within medical settings.
BACKGROUND: Headache disorders are prevalent, chronic, and disabling neurological conditions. As clinical providers trained in evidence-based behavior change interventions with expertise in headache disorders, headache psychologists are uniquely positioned to provide behavioral headache treatment.
METHODS: In 2020, we conducted semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of expert headache psychologists working across the United States. Open-ended questions focused on their roles, clinical flow, and treatment content. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, de-identified, and analyzed using a rapid qualitative analysis method.
RESULTS: We interviewed seven expert headache psychologists who have worked for an average of 18 years in outpatient settings with pediatric (n = 4) and adult (n = 3) patients with headache. The themes that emerged across the clinical workflow related to key components of behavioral headache treatment, effective behavioral treatment referral practices, and barriers to patient engagement. The expert headache psychologists offered evidence-based behavioral headache interventions such as biofeedback, relaxation training, and cognitive behavioral therapy emphasizing lifestyle modification as standalone options or concurrently with pharmacological treatment and were of brief duration. Participants reported many of their patients appeared reluctant to seek behavioral treatment for headache. Participants believed referrals were most effective when the referring provider explained to the patient the rationale for behavioral treatment, treatment content, and positive impact on headache activity, functioning, and quality of life. Barriers cited by participants to integrating headache psychology into headache care included the paucity of psychologists with specialized headache training, lack of insurance reimbursement, limited patient time to seek behavioral treatment, and inadequate patient knowledge of what behavioral treatment entails.
CONCLUSION: Headache psychologists are often core members of multidisciplinary headache teams offering short-term, evidence-based behavioral interventions, both as a standalone treatment or in conjunction with pharmacotherapy. However, barriers to care persist. Enhancing referring providers' familiarity with psychologists' role in headache care may aid successful referrals for behavioral interventions for headache.
A smart heating pad system is provided. The smart heating pad system includes a plurality of individual heating pads that are secured within a garment. Each heating pad includes a PCB having a USB connector, a wireless transceiver, and a microprocessor. Each heating pad includes dedicated batteries, or the heating pads are all operably connected to a single battery power supply. The microprocessor is operably connected to the temperature sensor, allowing temperature data to be transmitted to an external control device, such as a smartphone. The external control device also wirelessly adjust the temperature of the pads. The system provides the ability to independently monitor and adjust temperatures along different areas of the body depending on the type of garment in which the heating pads are secured.
A disposable feminine hygiene kit and system that includes a douche composition for internal cleansing of the vagina, and a wipe solution for external cleansing of the vulva. The douche formulation may be a ready-to-use liquid solution, or a concentrate. It comprises inorganic salts, as well as a buffering agent for pH adjustment. The concentrate does not require a preservative. The ready-to-use liquid solution incorporates the ingredients of the concentrate, and also includes a preservative. The compositions of both the liquid and the concentrate comprise a multiple electrolyte solution, pH-adjusted and isotonic (after dilution of the concentrate), resulting in optimal vaginal compatibility. The douche composition is used in combination with a preserved anti-bacterial wipe solution for use upon the external vulva. The wiping solution is preferably incorporated into a towelette application.
This open-label, randomized controlled trial will involve 150 patients who have traumatic rib fractures. Subjects are randomly assigned to acupuncture group, laser acupuncture group or sham laser acupuncture group with a 1:1:1 ratio. The intervention will be performed on the consecutive three day after allocation. Bilateral LI4 (Hegu), SJ6 (Zhigou), ST36 (Zusanli) and GB34 (Yanglingquan) are used for each group. The traditional acupuncture group will be performed by inserting needles to a depth of 15-35 mm and last for 15 min. The laser acupuncture will be performed with the gallium aluminum arsenide LaserPen, which delivered 0.375 J of energy at each of the acupoints. Subjects in the control group underwent sham laser acupuncture treatment without any laser output. The acupuncture points, application duration, and total number of treatments were similar to those in the laser acupuncture group.
Buprenorphine Sublingual Tablets are supplied as white, sublingual tablets available in two dosage strengths, 2 mg buprenorphine and 8 mg buprenorphine free base. Each tablet also contains anhydrous citric acid, corn starch, crospovidone, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, mannitol, povidone, and sodium citrate. The 2 mg buprenorphine tablet is debossed with product identification "54 775" on one side and plain on the other side. The 8 mg buprenorphine tablet is debossed with product identification "54 411" on one side and plain on the other side. 

Chemically, buprenorphine HCl is (2S)-2-[17-Cyclopropylmethyl-4,5α-epoxy-3-hydroxy-6-methoxy-6α, 14-etheno-14α-morphinan-7α-yl]-3,3-dimethylbutan-2-ol hydrochloride. It has the following chemical structure:

Buprenorphine HCl has the molecular formula C29H41 NO4 • HCl and the molecular weight is 504.10. It is a white or off-white crystalline powder, sparingly soluble in water, freely soluble in methanol, soluble in alcohol and practically insoluble in cyclohexane.
The invention provides a ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. extract and a production method thereof and the application thereof in cardiovascular drugs. The ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. extract is obtained through the following steps: extracting by using ethanol to obtain a total extract I; and then extracting sequentially by using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol to obtain corresponding extracts. The obtained extracts of ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. can be applied to the preparation of cardiovascular drugs, and can lower the yield (the taking dosage is reduced, i.e. used crude drugs for reaching the same drug effect is reduced), thereby greatly saving ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. resources and reducing the cost while improving the healing effect.
The invention provides a preparation method of a phage display-expressing circovirus antigen vaccine. The preparation method comprises the following steps: extracting porcine circovirus II type (PCV2) RNA, carrying out inverse transcription, carrying out a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplification so as to obtain porcine II type circovirus ORF2 gene's open reading frame fragments, directionally inserting the fragments into a T4 phage; obtaining a T4 phage with the ORF2 gene by an immunoscreening method; purifying and infecting X-Blue ST1(CCTCC M 2014397) host cell again; carrying out fermental cultivation to obtain the X-Blue ST1 host cell, and carrying out inducible expression and inactivation and taking a culture as an antigen; carrying out ELISA calibration of antigen valence, and carrying out double dilution on the antigen with normal saline to the final concentration of 107U/ml; and a vaccine adjuvant is added according to the ratio of 1:2.5, so as to obtain the vaccine. According to the invention, the phage is utilized to express the porcine circovirus II type antigen and the vaccine is prepared. Thus, the virulence enhancement risk of an attenuated vaccine is avoided. In addition, fermental cultivation is beneficial to large-scale industrial production. Cost of the vaccine provided by the invention is far lower than that of a vaccine produced by a cell culture method.
Monocytes directly contribute to atherosclerosis development by their recruitment to plaques in which they differentiate into macrophages. In the present study, we ask how modulating monocyte glucose metabolism could affect their homeostasis and their impact on atherosclerosis. Here we investigate how circulating metabolites control monocyte behavior in blood, bone marrow and peripheral tissues of mice. We find that serum glucose concentrations correlate with monocyte numbers. In diet-restricted mice, monocytes fail to metabolically reprogram from glycolysis to fatty acid oxidation, leading to reduced monocyte numbers in the blood. Mechanistically, Glut1-dependent glucose metabolism helps maintain CD115 membrane expression on monocytes and their progenitors, and regulates monocyte migratory capacity by modulating CCR2 expression. Results from genetic models and pharmacological inhibitors further depict the relative contribution of different metabolic pathways to the regulation of CD115 and CCR2 expression. Meanwhile, Glut1 inhibition does not impact atherosclerotic plaque development in mouse models despite dramatically reducing blood monocyte numbers, potentially due to the remaining monocytes having increased migratory capacity. Together, these data emphasize the role of glucose uptake and intracellular glucose metabolism in controlling monocyte homeostasis and functions.
Intervention group: receives the HOP program consisting of four 2-hour sessions divided between week 1, week 2, week 3 and week 6, in groups of 4-10 participants, using a Norwegian adaptation of HOP workbook. The intervention group also receives treatment as usual, consisting of weekly or monthly appointments with a mental health care professional at an outpatient unit in the public mental health care service. The appointments can involve medication management, psychoeducation, support therapy or psychotherapy.