anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Recurrences after varicose vein treatment occur frequently and represent a significant health and economic problem. In contrast to primary treatments of superficial truncal venous insufficiency, their management is often more difficult. Here we assessed the technical feasibility and early results of endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) for recurrences with stumps or subfascial meandering varices after small saphenous vein (SSV) surgery.
METHODS: This single-center retrospective study included 45 consecutive EVLA procedures from July 2019 to December 2021 in 40 patients (19 male, 21 female, mean age 62.8 ± 12.7 years). Patients had clinically relevant recurrent varicose veins after SSV surgery, with clinical, etiologic, anatomic and pathophysiologic (CEAP) classification stage of C2S or higher. We categorized the recurrences morphologically according to duplex sonographic criteria. Ablations were done with a 1470 nanometers laser and dual ring radial fibers and aimed at thermal closure as proximal as possible to the upper inflow. Analyses were performed by descriptive statistics and the Kaplan-Meier method. The primary outcome analyzed was the technical success, defined by thermal occlusion not requiring re-intervention during the observation period. The secondary outcome was the occurrence of postoperative complications.
RESULTS: A complex morphology with residual stumps or tortuous venous connections to the popliteal vein was present in 35 cases (77.8%). Immediate technical success at the first postoperative visit after a median of 11 days (interquartile range 8-13 days) was 97.8%. During the follow-up period (median 77 days, interquartile range 13-256 days), 6 limbs (13.3%) required redo EVLA due to symptomatic persistent or newly presenting reflux. The median freedom from re-recurrence was 791 days. Otherwise, no medical or surgical complications requiring specific treatment were observed, particularly no endothermal heat-induced thrombosis (EHIT) or other thrombotic complications, and no nerve damage.
CONCLUSION: According to our pilot data, EVLA is technically feasible for complex popliteal variceal recurrence, although the success rate appears substantially lower than for primary treatment of truncal venous insufficiency.
In this study, pigs from 3 supply chains were slaughtered in an Australian summer and winter (n = 20 for each supply chain). The pigs were from 2 sexes (female and castrated male) and 2 carcass weight groups (high: 95.0 to 100.0 kg and low: 75.0 to 80.0 kg). From each carcass, the Biceps femoris (BF), Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL), and Triceps brachii (TB) were excised at 24 h postmortem, vacuum packed, frozen at 24-48 h and transported to the lab. Cooking loss, Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) and texture profile analysis (adhesiveness, chewiness, cohesiveness, hardness, resilience, and springiness) were measured in LTL and BF. pH, collagen content, and solubility and intramuscular fat (IMF) content were determined for all muscles. Results showed that BF was tougher than LTL, and winter samples were tougher than summer ones (P < 0.05). The TB had higher pH, collagen, and IMF content than BF and LTL (P < 0.05). Collagen solubility was higher in castrated male and winter samples. pH, collagen solubility, and IMF content were significantly (P < 0.05) related to chewiness and hardness in pork BF and LTL. pH and IMF were also related to cooking loss, while collagen solubility and IMF were related to WBSF (P < 0.05). The relationships of pH and IMF with pork texture were predominantly driven by the LTL, while the relationships between collagen solubility and texture were predominantly driven by the BF. Collagen solubility and IMF of pork BF and TB were related to those of LTL, but the correlations were not strong enough for prediction. Pork texture and chemical components were affected by muscle, seasons, sex and carcass weight. pH, collagen solubility, and IMF-affected pork texture.
OBJECTIVE: Erector spinae plane block is an updated method than paravertebral block, possessing a lower risk of complications. This study aimed to compare erector spinae plane and paravertebral blocks to safely reach the most efficacious analgesia procedure in laparoscopic cholecystectomy cases.
METHODS: The study included 90 cases, aged 18-70 years, classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists I-II, who underwent an laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedure. They were randomly separated into three groups, namely, Control, erector spinae plane, and paravertebral block. No block procedure was applied to Control, and a patient-controlled analgesia device was prepared containing tramadol at a 10 mg bolus dose and a 10-min locked period. The pain scores were recorded with a visual analog scale for 24 h postoperatively.
RESULTS: The visual analog scale values at 1, 5, 10, 20, and 60 min at rest and 60 min coughing were found to be significantly higher in Control than in paravertebral block. A significant difference was revealed between Control vs. paravertebral block and paravertebral block vs. erector spinae plane in terms of total tramadol consumption (p=0.006). Total tramadol consumption in the first postoperative 24 h was significantly reduced in the paravertebral block compared with the Control and erector spinae plane groups.
CONCLUSION: Sonography-guided-paravertebral block provides sufficient postoperative analgesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery. Erector spinae plane seems to attenuate total tramadol consumption.
The efficacy of RISPERDAL® with concomitant lithium or valproate in the treatment of acute manic or mixed episodes was established in one controlled trial in adult patients who met the DSM-IV criteria for Bipolar I Disorder. This trial included patients with or without psychotic features and with or without a rapid-cycling course.

  * (1)In this 3-week placebo-controlled combination trial, 148 in- or outpatients on lithium or valproate therapy with inadequately controlled manic or mixed symptoms were randomized to receive RISPERDAL®, placebo, or an active comparator, in combination with their original therapy. RISPERDAL®, in a dose range of 1–6 mg/day, once daily, starting at 2 mg/day (mean modal dose of 3.8 mg/day), combined with lithium or valproate (in a therapeutic range of 0.6 mEq/L to 1.4 mEq/L or 50 mcg/mL to 120 mcg/mL, respectively) was superior to lithium or valproate alone in the reduction of YMRS total score.
  * (2)In a second 3-week placebo-controlled combination trial, 142 in- or outpatients on lithium, valproate, or carbamazepine therapy with inadequately controlled manic or mixed symptoms were randomized to receive RISPERDAL® or placebo, in combination with their original therapy. RISPERDAL®, in a dose range of 1–6 mg/day, once daily, starting at 2 mg/day (mean modal dose of 3.7 mg/day), combined with lithium, valproate, or carbamazepine (in therapeutic ranges of 0.6 mEq/L to 1.4 mEq/L for lithium, 50 mcg/mL to 125 mcg/mL for valproate, or 4–12 mcg/mL for carbamazepine, respectively) was not superior to lithium, valproate, or carbamazepine alone in the reduction of YMRS total score. A possible explanation for the failure of this trial was induction of risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone clearance by carbamazepine, leading to subtherapeutic levels of risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone.
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the CNS. An intrathecal IgM synthesis is associated with a more rapid progression of MS and the intrathecal immune response to measles -, rubella -and varicella zoster virus (MRZR) which, if present, increases the likelihood of a diagnosis of MS in adults.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency of an intrathecal IgM synthesis and MRZR in children with MS. MethodsChildren with MS and a data set including clinical and treatment history, MRI at onset, in addition to a CSF analysis, and determination of antibody index (AI) of measles, rubella, and zoster antibodies, were eligible. The presence of an intrathecal IgM synthesis and/or a positive MRZ reaction were compared to biomarkers of a more progressive disease course.
RESULTS: In 75 children with MS, OCBs were present in 93.3 %). 49,2 % experienced their first relapse within 6 months. 50.7 % had a total lesion load of more than 10 lesions in the first brain MRI. Spinal lesions were identified in 64 %. 23.5 % had a positive MRZR and 40.3 % an intrathecal IgM synthesis. No significant associations were detected between the presence of an intrathecal IgM synthesis and MRZR and parameters including the relapse rate in the first two years.
CONCLUSION: An intrathecal IgM synthesis and a positive MRZR are found in a subset of MS children but are not associated with markers associated with a poor prognosis.
Bacterial infected wounds, which is characterized by easy infection, multiple inflammation and slow healing, is a complex symptom, resulting from metabolic disorder of the wound microenvironment. In this study, a series of self-healing double-network hydrogels based on KGRT peptide (Lys-Gly-Arg-Thr) with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and optimizing cellular functions were designed to promote the healing of infected wounds with full-thickness skin defects. Moreover, the dextran hydrogelintroduces a large number of side chains, which are entangled with each other in the Schiff base network to form an interpenetrating structure. The hydrogel might regulate cell metabolism, differentiation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) function. Importantly, both in vitro and in vivo data showed that hydrogel not only has good antibacterial properties (99.8 %), but also can eradicate bacterial biofilm, effectively reduce inflammation (down-regulated IL-1β, TNF-α and ROS) and accelerate chronic wound healing process by speeding-up wound closure, increasing granulation tissue thickness, collagen deposition, angiogenesis (up-regulated CD31). The hydrogel could up-regulate mRNA expression of PI3K, AKT, ERK, eNOS, HIF-1α and VEGF, which were correlated with wound healing. Consistently, the hydrogel could promote infected wounds healing and inhibit inflammation through ERK/eNOS signaling pathway. Collectively, hydrogel has excellent clinical application potential for promoting infected wound healing.
BACKGROUND: Temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS) is a surgically treatable epileptic syndrome. While the core of pre-surgical evaluations rely on video-EEG, recent studies question the necessity of recorded seizures denying a possible role of ictal EEG in surgical decision. This study aims to retrospectively assess the prognostic value of EEG ictal patterns in TLE-HS, in order to identify which patients need further investigations before offering surgery.
METHODS: We included TLE-HS patients who underwent surgery with at least one captured seizure during non-invasive pre-surgical video-EEG recordings. They were classified in "mesial" and "lateral/mixed", according to the ictal EEG patterns, defined by the frequency of the discharge (mesial ≥ 5 Hz, lateral < 5 Hz). Seizure outcome was assessed by Engel's Class. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate associations between EEG patterns and post-surgical outcomes.
RESULTS: Sixty-nine exhibited a mesial pattern, forty- two displayed lateral/mixed patterns. Mesial pattern group had a significantly higher rate of postsurgical seizure freedom (82.7% vs. 28.6%). Gender, age of onset, age at surgery, duration of epilepsy, seizure frequency, and lateralization did not influence the outcome. Mesial pattern significantly correlated with favorable outcomes (p < 0.001), suggesting its potential predictive value.
CONCLUSION: This retrospective study proposes ictal EEG patterns as possible predictors of postoperative prognosis in TLE-HS. A mesial pattern correlates with better outcomes, indicating a potentially more circumscribed epileptogenic zone. Patients with lateral/mixed patterns may benefit from additional investigations to delineate the epileptogenic zone. Further studies are warranted to validate and extend these findings.
Rapid ventricular pacing (RVP) is a technique to obtain flow arrest for short periods of time during dissection or rupture of the aneurysm. RVP results in an adequate fall of blood pressure which presents as an on-off phenomenon. The technique facilitates the dissection and manipulation of cerebral aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) and can be lifesaving in the case of an intraoperative bleeding or rupture. In a former study blood pressure and clinical outcome were used as study parameters. However it is not clear whether repetitive periods of pacing are harmless for the patient. Silent cardiac and cerebral infarcts may be undetected if only clinical outcome is taken as a study parameter. In this retrograde study, the investigators will study the safety of RVP, particularly for the heart and the brain, using magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography and troponin levels. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of repetitive periods of RVP on the oxygenation of the heart and brain using magnetic resonance imaging and troponin levels both markers for ischemia damage.
All  Borrelia burgdorferi  sensu lato isolates characterized to date have one or a combination of several major outer surface proteins (Osp). Mutants of  B. burgdorferi  lacking Osp proteins were selected with polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies at a frequency of 10 −6  to 10 −5 . One mutant that lacked OspA, B, C and D was further characterized in the present study. It was distinguished from the OspA + B +  cells by its (i) auto-aggregation and slower growth rate, (ii) decreased plating efficiency on solid medium, (iii) serum- and complement-sensitivity, and (iv) diminished capacity to adhere to human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The Osp-less mutant was unable to evoke a detectable immune response after intradermal live cell immunization even though mutant survived in the skin the same duration as wild-type cells. Polyclonal mouse serum raised against Osp-less cells inhibited growth of the mutant but not of wild-type cells, an indication that other antigens are present on the surface of the Osp-less mutant. Two different classes, A and B, of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) with growth inhibiting properties for mutant cells were produced. Class A mAbs bound to 13 kDa surface proteins of  B. burgdorferi  sensu stricto and of  B. afzelii.  The minimum inhibitory concentration of the Fab fragment of one mAb of this class was 0.2 μg/ml. Class B mAbs did not bind by Western Blot to  B. burgdorferi  cells but reacted with cells in an unfixed cell immunofluorescence assay and growth inhibition assay. These studies revealed hitherto unknown functional aspects of Osp proteins, notably serum-resistance, and indicated that in the absence of Osp proteins other antigens are expressed or become accessible at the cell's surface.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia (hereafter briefly referred to as ragweed) is an anemophilous herb of the Asteraceae family that probably originated in desert areas of the USA. The plant was introduced to Europe through trade and spread as a successful neophyte during the 20th century. Although conditions are not ideal for ragweed in northern and central Europe, when the plant prefers dry, sandy soils, climate change may be a significant contributor to its spread. The pollen is considered highly allergenic, so it is possible that lower pollen concentrations are sufficient to trigger allergy symptoms compared to native grass or birch pollen. Together with its ability to spread invasively and its tolerance to harmful factors, ragweed is therefore considered a health hazard.

Determining threshold concentrations for various aeroallergens has been attempted many times in published literature. In fact, first experiments have been reported since the 1960s. However, obtaining comparable results prove difficult due to a plethora of methods, outcome measures and choices in study population. Basically, threshold concentration could be assessed by target organ specific allergen challenge, field study and allergen chamber challenge - each of which has its own benefits and drawbacks.

To date, allergen challenge chambers have been used primarily for proof-of-concept studies with antiallergic agents. Technically, the chambers are designed to maintain high pollen concentrations, which should induce symptoms in all sensitized subjects, at a constant level for hours in order to be able to determine the maximum possible effect size of the investigated therapeutic intervention. Metering and monitoring of pollen to maintain stable concentrations present technical challenges for deploying pollen concentrations in the double-digit range. Fraunhofer ITEM has successfully established low concentration pollen exposures, so that allergic patients can be titrated to effect. The pollen concentration will be escalated or de-escalated according to a pre-defined algorithm, based on interim data analysis. Eventually, a concentration range for ragweed and birch pollen can be determined that induces allergic symptoms with clinical and statistical significance.
INTRODUCTION: Many patients undergoing cutaneous surgery are prescribed at least one anticoagulant or antiplatelet agent. With the recent emergence of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), there is a deficit of knowledge regarding optimal perioperative management. This review aims to evaluate the evidence and risk surrounding management of DOACs in patients undergoing skin surgeries.
METHODS: Systematic review of EMBASE, Scopus, and PubMed, with inclusion of studies that detailed perioperative management of DOACs in those undergoing skin surgery. Primary outcome measures were perioperative hemorrhagic and thromboembolic complications.
RESULTS: Seven thousand seven hundred and forty-one abstracts were identified, with 13 articles meeting inclusion criteria. Two studies investigated complication risk associated with DOAC continuation in skin surgery and found an average rate of hemorrhagic complications of 1.74%. Two studies evaluated complications associated with DOAC cessation prior to skin surgery, with a pooled thromboembolic complication rate of 0.15%. Articles comparing continuation and cessation discovered no decreased risk of bleeding with DOAC cessation prior to surgery (P = 0.93). Seven of the 13 articles compared complications in a control vs a DOAC group undergoing cutaneous procedures. Evidence was conflicting but may have suggested a small increase in bleeding risk in those on DOAC therapy.
CONCLUSION: Optimal management of anticoagulants perioperatively is difficult because of conflicting information, complicated by advent of novel agents. Risk of hemorrhagic complications with both continuation and interruption of DOAC therapy was low. Perioperative DOAC management can be guided by procedural bleeding and patient clotting risk and can often be continued in minor dermatologic procedures.
BACKGROUND: A high-fat diet (HFD) contributes to various metabolic disorders and obesity, which are major contributors to cardiovascular disease. As an essential regulator for heart homeostasis, cardiac resident macrophages may go awry and contribute to cardiac pathophysiology upon HFD. Thus, to better understand how HFD induced cardiac dysfunction, this study intends to explore the transcriptional and functional changes in cardiac resident macrophages of HFD mice.
METHODS: C57BL/6J female mice that were 6 weeks old were fed with HFD or normal chow diet (NCD) for 16 weeks. After an evaluation of cardiac functions by echocardiography, mouse hearts were harvested and cardiac resident CCR2- macrophages were sorted, followed by Smart sequencing. Bioinformatics analysis including GO, KEGG, and GSEA analyses were employed to elucidate transcriptional and functional changes.
RESULTS: Hyperlipidemia and obesity were observed easily upon HFD. The mouse hearts also displayed more severe fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction in HFD mice. Smart sequencing and functional analysis revealed metabolic dysfunctions, especially lipid-related genes and pathways. Besides this, antigen-presentation-related gene such as Ctsf and inflammation, particularly for NF-κB signaling and complement cascades, underwent drastic changes in cardiac resident macrophages. GO cellular compartment analysis was also performed and showed specific organelle enrichment trends of the involved genes.
CONCLUSION: Dysregulated metabolism intertwines with inflammation in cardiac resident macrophages upon HFD feeding in mice, and further research on crosstalk among organelles could shed more light on potential mechanisms.
The application identifies novel fragments of alpha-synuclein in patients with Lewy Body Disease (LBD) and transgenic animal models thereof. These diseases are characterized by aggregations of alpha-synuclein. The fragments have a truncated C-terminus relative to full-length alpha-synuclein. Some fragments are characterized by a molecular weight of about 12 kDa as determined by SDS  gel electrophoresis in tricine buffer and a truncation of at least ten contiguous amino acids from the C-terminus of natural alpha-synuclein. The site of cleavage preferably occurs after residue 117 and before residue 126 of natural alpha-synuclein. The identification of these novel fragments of alpha-synuclein has a number of application in for example, drug discovery, diagnostics, therapeutics, and transgenic animals.
This study will look at thyroidectomy patients without neuromonitoring. Before entering the operating room, patients will be randomized according to the randomization table, with the test group receiving a sound generating device with a binaural sound file and the control group receiving a sound generating device with a silent file. After entering the operating room, electrocardiogram, pulse oxymetry, non-invasive blood pressure monitor, and sensor for depth of anesthesia will be attached. At the beginning of anesthesia induction, the headset will be placed on the patient and a sound generator will be connected to the headset to play the file. The induction of anesthesia will be done with administration of fentanyl and propofol in both groups, and after confirming that the patient is unresponsive to voice, rocuronium and sevoflurane will be administrated to the patient. During the operation, the inhaled anesthetic concentration will be adjusted to maintain a patient state index (PSI) between 25 and 50. Fentanyl can be titrated up to 100 mcg to account for the hemodynamic response to intraoperative pain, and neuromuscular blocking agents are titrated to maintain a train of four (TOF) count of 1-3. The headset is continuously applied to the patient during surgery, and blood pressure, pulse oximetry, PSI, end tidal sevoflurane and end tidal minimal alveolar concentration will be monitored during the operation. At the time of the final suture of the skin, the sound generator will be removed from the headset. Save the raw EEG data from the Sedline® sensor for further analytical evaluation.
Patients in Group ESPB receive US erector spinae plane block by injecting 0.4ml/kg (bupivacaine 0.25%). Under strict aseptic precautions, The T3 spinous process is located by palpating and counting down from the C7 spinous process. A high-frequency 12 MHz linear ultrasound transducer is placed in a longitudinal orientation 3 cm lateral to the T3 spinous process corresponding to the T2 transverse process. Three muscles; trapezius (uppermost), rhomboids major (middle), and erector spinae (lowermost) will be identified superior to the hyperechoic transverse process.Using an in-plane approach a 22 G needle is inserted in caudal-cephalad direction until the tip is deep to erector spinae muscle. Correct needle tip location is confirmed by injecting 3 mL of normal saline and visualizing the linear LA spread (i.e., hydrodissection) in the fascial plane between the erector spinae muscle and the transverse process. Then, bupivacaine is injected, and visualizing the fascial plane.