anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Introduction of direct acting antivirals (DAA) has transformed treatment of chronic hepatitis C (HCV) and made the elimination of HCV an achievable goal set forward by World Health Organization by 2030. Multiple barriers need to be overcome for successful eradication of HCV. Availability of pan-genotypic HCV regimens has decreased the need for genotype testing but maintained high efficacy associated with DAAs.
AREAS COVERED: In this review, we will assess the cost-effectiveness of DAA treatment in patients with chronic HCV disease, with emphasis on general, cirrhosis, and vulnerable populations.
EXPERT OPINION: Multiple barriers exist limiting eradication of HCV, including cost to treatment, access, simplified testing, and implementing policy to foster treatment for all groups of HCV patients. Clinically, DAAs have drastically changed the landscape of HCV, but focused targeting of vulnerable groups is needed. Public policy will continue to play a strong role in eliminating HCV. While we will focus on the cost-effectiveness of DAA, several other factors regarding HCV require on going attention, such as increasing public awareness and decreasing social stigma associated with HCV, offering universal screening followed by linkage to treatment and improving preventive interventions to decrease spread of HCV.
BACKGROUND: Brainstem hemorrhage accounts for a relatively small proportion of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhages (∼10 %) but tends to occur earlier in life and has poorer prognosis. Numerous studies support the therapeutic potential of minimally invasive hematoma evacuation for intracerebral hemorrhage; however, there have been few assessments of the benefits for brainstem hemorrhage.
METHODS: We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a minimally invasive approach under neuroendoscopic guidance with pneumatic arm fixation for removing the hematoma in severe brainstem hemorrhage patients. 14 patients diagnosed with primary brainstem hemorrhage and treated by neuroendoscopy-assisted evacuation at Suzhou Ninth Hospital affiliated to Soochow University were included in the study. Relevant clinical and prognostic date were collected and analyzed.
RESULTS: Hematoma volume ranged from 8 to 13 mL according to preoperative CT, while GCS at admission ranged from 4 to 6. The average operative time was 157 min and average intraoperative blood loss was 86 mL. All patients achieved satisfactory hematoma evacuation (over 90 %) according to immediate postoperative CT. Postoperative intensive care unit stay averaged 9.5 days and respiratory support averaged 7.5 days. 11 patients required tracheotomy due to pulmonary infection and absence of pharyngeal reflexes. 9 patients achieved satisfactory functional recovery (GOS score of 4 and 3), while 5 remained in a vegetative state (GOS score of 2).
CONCLUSION: Neuroendoscopy provides excellent direct visualization of brainstem hematomas for safe and reliable evacuation. Patients with a new PPH score of 2 or 3 are more likely to benefit from surgical treatment. Large-scale studies are required to identify patients most likely to benefit from this technique.
Pregnancy Category B – The highest doses of vancomycin tested were not teratogenic in rats given up to 200 mg/kg/day IV (1180 mg/m 2  or 1 times the recommended maximum human dose based on body surface area) or in rabbits given up to 120 mg/kg/day IV (1320 mg/m 2  or 1.1 times the recommended maximum human dose based body surface area). No effects on fetal weight or development were seen in rats at the highest dose tested or in rabbits given 80 mg/kg/day (880 mg/m 2  or 0.74 times the recommended maximum human dose based on body surface area). 

In a controlled clinical study, the potential ototoxic and nephrotoxic effects of vancomycin on infants were evaluated when the drug was administered intravenously to pregnant women for serious staphylococcal infections complicating intravenous drug abuse. Vancomycin was found in cord blood. No sensorineural hearing loss or nephrotoxicity attributable to vancomycin was noted. One infant whose mother received vancomycin in the third trimester experienced conductive hearing loss that was not attributed to the administration of vancomycin. Because the number of subjects treated in this study was limited and vancomycin was administered only in the second and third trimesters, it is not known whether vancomycin causes fetal harm. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, vancomycin hydrochloride capsules should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.
Patients with long-term disease experience low resilience, emphasising the importance of psychological interventions to improve resilience. However, there is no comprehensive evidence on the efficacy of resilience-related psychological interventions (RRPIs) in this population. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate and extend knowledge from previous meta-analyses on the efficacy of RRPIs on resilience, stress, anxiety, depression and quality of life among patients with long-term disease. Cochrane Library, Embase, Ovid-MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL electronic databases were searched until 3 February 2023. The pooled effect size of the efficacy of RRPIs was calculated using the Hedges' g (g) with random-effects model, while Cochrane Q-statistics and I2 tests assessed heterogeneity in Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 software. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool evaluated the quality of studies. Moderator analysis was used to explore sources of heterogeneity. Twenty randomised controlled trial studies were identified, representing a total of 1388 individuals with long-term disease. RRPIs significantly enhance resilience (g = 0.79), alleviate stress (g = -0.78), decrease anxiety (g = -1.14), mitigate depression (g = -0.96) and improve quality of life (g = 0.48). Positive psychology, mindfulness, cognitive behavioural therapy, acceptance and commitment-based intervention exhibited medium effects in strengthening resilience. Short-term effects of RRPIs on enhancing resilience were observed at 3-month follow-up period (g = 0.50). The incorporation of RRPIs into the management of patients with long-term disease shows a positive impact on their resilience, stress, anxiety, depression and quality of life. The results offer an evidence-based foundation for nurses in promoting resilience among patients with long-term disease.
Latex Allergy: Persons with latex allergies should not handle the FRAGMIN prefilled syringe because the needle shield may contain natural rubber latex which may cause allergic reactions.

FRAGMIN is administered by subcutaneous injection. It must not be administered by intramuscular injection.

FRAGMIN Injection should not be mixed with other injections or infusions unless specific compatibility data are available that support such mixing.

Subcutaneous injection technique: Patients should be sitting or lying down and FRAGMIN administered by deep subcutaneous injection. FRAGMIN may be injected in a U-shape area around the navel, the upper outer side of the thigh or the upper outer quadrangle of the buttock. The injection site should be varied daily. When the area around the navel or the thigh is used, using the thumb and forefinger, you must lift up a fold of skin while giving the injection. The entire length of the needle should be inserted at a 45 to 90 degree angle.

Inspect FRAGMIN prefilled syringes and vials visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration.

After first penetration of the rubber stopper, store the multiple-dose vials at room temperature for up to 2 weeks. Discard any unused solution after 2 weeks.

Instructions for using the prefilled single-dose syringes preassembled with needle guard devices

Fixed dose syringes: To ensure delivery of the full dose, do not expel the air bubble from the prefilled syringe before injection. Hold the syringe assembly by the open sides of the device. Remove the needle shield. Insert the needle into the injection area as instructed above. Depress the plunger of the syringe while holding the finger flange until the entire dose has been given. The needle guard will not be activated unless the entire dose has been given. Remove needle from the patient. Let go of the plunger and allow syringe to move up inside the device until the entire needle is guarded. Discard the syringe assembly in approved containers.

Graduated syringes: Hold the syringe assembly by the open sides of the device. Remove the needle shield. With the needle pointing up, prepare the syringe by expelling the air bubble and then continuing to push the plunger to the desired dose or volume, discarding the extra solution in an appropriate manner. Insert the needle into the injection area as instructed above. Depress the plunger of the syringe while holding the finger flange until the entire dose remaining in the syringe has been given. The needle guard will not be activated unless the entire dose has been given. Remove needle from the patient. Let go of the plunger and allow syringe to move up inside the device until the entire needle is guarded. Discard the syringe assembly in approved containers.
Two groups are included: 1) Disease control: Patients with celiac disease diagnosed according to the Catassi and Fasano criteria and 2) Healthy control subjects. For the histological and lymphocyte subpopulation analysis of duodenal samples, patients with celiac disease were prospectively included to undergone gastroscopy, before starting gluten-free diet. Control subjects were patients referred for upper endoscopy due to digestive symptoms that have normal appearing mucosa both at endoscopic and histological assessment (Marsh 0, \<25 intraepithelial lymphocytes). Serological markers of celiac disease were negative and they have no signs of inflammatory bowel diseases.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain new gene and protein that activate MAP kinase cascade and to provide a method for using them for medicines, diagnostics and medical treatments.  <P>SOLUTION: The new protein phosphorylates Elk1 and/or activates a kinase which phosphorylates Elk1. The DNA encodes the protein. The recombinant vector contains the DNA. The transformant contains the recombinant vector. The method for producing the protein is provided. The antibody against the protein or its partial peptide is obtained. The method for producing the antibody is provided.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
INTRODUCTION: Brain tumor surgery represents a critical and high-risk area within the field of neurosurgery. Our study aims to offer a comprehensive analysis of adverse events (AEs) from a prospectively maintained database at a leading neurosurgical tertiary center, with a specific focus on different types of tumor entities.
METHODS: From January 2022 to September 2023, our study focused on adult patients, who underwent surgery for intracranial tumors. Each patient in this demographic was thoroughly assessed for adverse events (AEs) by their attending physicians at discharge. An AE was defined as any event occurring within the first 30 days post-surgery.
RESULTS: A total of 1173 patients with an average age of 57.4 ± 15.3 years underwent surgical procedures. The majority of these surgeries were elective, accounting for 93.4% (1095 out of 1173), while emergency surgeries constituted 13.9% (163 out of 1173). The incidence of surgery-related AEs was relatively low at 12.7%. The most common surgical indications were meningioma and glioma pathologies, representing 31.1% and 28.2% of cases, respectively. Dural leaks occurred in 1.5% of the cases. Postoperative hemorrhage was a significant complication, especially among glioma patients, with ten experiencing postoperative hemorrhage and eight requiring revision surgery. The overall mortality rate stood at 0.8%, corresponding to five patient deaths. Causes of death included massive postoperative bleeding in one patient, pulmonary embolism in two patients, and tumor progression in two others.
CONCLUSIONS: Surgical interventions for intracranial neoplasms are inherently associated with a significant risk of adverse events. However, our study's findings reveal a notably low mortality rate within our patient cohort. This suggests that thorough documentation of AEs, coupled with proactive intervention strategies in neurosurgical practices, can substantially enhance patient outcomes.
Rationale for the study: This research will examine a key modifiable risk factor for health and well- being: exercise. Regular exercise is highly recommended by healthcare professionals because the whole body benefits, including cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal systems and mental wellbeing. Long-distance running is a popular physical activity with more than 30 million individuals running marathons each year. The increasing participation of first-time runners, including older people, has been linked to a rise in related injuries. The ideal dose of exercise is not known and overdosage affects some musculoskeletal tissues and joints more than others. Overdoing a specific amount of exercise and the presence of chronic injuries may pose a great risk on the joints, leading to serious conditions such as osteoarthritis, musculoskeletal injuries, tendinopathy. However, it is not yet clear whether a high dose of exercise such as marathon running damages the musculoskeletal system and there is a growing need for research in the area of running science to better understand this.

Aim: This research aims to do musculoskeletal imaging before and after long-distance running using 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging and to provide evidence on how much exercise people should undertake and how to minimise injury.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a cosmetic excellent in wrinkle-hiding effect, touch feeling and makeup effect sustainability. SOLUTION: This cosmetic contains a silicone paste prepared by kneading a silicone elastomer with a dimethylpolysiloxane 6-100cst in viscosity at 25 deg.C by e.g. a roll mill, and, optionally, powder. The weight ratio of silicone elastomer/dimethylpolysiloxane/powder is pref. (1-55):(1-99):(0.5-40). The silicone elastomer, which is in the form of resin powder 0.1-20μm in average primary particle size, has three-dimensional crosslinked structure of silicone and has the properties of elastomer as powder, and its amount to be formulated is 1-100 pts.wt. based on 100 pts.wt. of this cosmetic. The cosmetics include makeup cosmetics, hair cosmetics, basic cosmetics and liquid perfumes.
Initial dose is 100 mg by mouth (PO) twice a day (bid). At week 4 dose will be increased to placebo 150 mg PO bid if subjects have adequately tolerated the study drug in the opinion of the Investigator.
AIM: To identify possible drug-drug interactions in patients taking medications for other comorbidities while on antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B.
METHODS: The study enrolled patients with chronic hepatitis B aged ≥60 years who were treated with antiviral therapy in five hospitals in Turkey between January 1 and March 1, 2023. The Lexicomp® Drug Interactions program was used to identify possible drug-drug interactions.
RESULTS: The study included 213 patients (119 [55.9%] men). The mean age was 68.5 years. A potential drug-drug interaction was identified in 112 patients (52.6%). The most common type of interaction was type C ("follow the treatment") (71.54%). The number of potential drug-drug interactions increased with an increase in the number of drugs used by the patients. A robust and affirmative correlation was observed between the number of medications used and the number of possible drug-drug interactions (r=0.791, P<0.001). Adverse interactions (interactions of types C and D, 3.7% of cases) were limited to patients receiving tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.
CONCLUSION: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications should be used cautiously in elderly patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate due to the increased risk of renal toxicity.
After the first stage (52 weeks) of Phase II clinical trial, the initial medication dose of this extension period is 0.2 mg/kg weight/week of PEG-rhGH for the high dose group, low dose group and negative control group, and it is adjusted in accordance with yearly height velocity (HV) and IGF-1 SDS of each visit. The maximum dose shall not exceed 0.4 mg/kg weight/week.
PURPOSE: To assess the risk of gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) inducing an uveitic flare-up in patients with uveitic glaucoma (UG).
METHODS: This retrospective study included consecutive UG patients who underwent GATT at a single medical center between June 2020 and September 2022. The main outcome measure was the occurrence of a surgery-related uveitic complication defined as either an uveitic flare-up defined by the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) criteria, or the appearance of cystoid macular edema (CME) from 2 weeks to 3 months after surgery.
RESULTS: A total of 25 eyes of 22 patients were included in the study. Age ranged from 10-78 and 64% were women. The most common uveitic etiologies were juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA, 24%) and herpetic infection (24%). A total of 48%of the patients were on systemic immunosuppressants prior and unrelated to surgery. Eight eyes (32%) had severe glaucomatous damage prior to surgery, and 20% of the patients had undergone previous glaucoma surgery. Two cases (8%) demonstrated uveitic flare-up in the early postoperative period: a case of mild anterior chamber reaction and a case of CME with persistent edema prior to surgery. Average intraocular pressure (IOP) was reduced from 26.7 mm Hg on four medications to 12.2 on 1.1 after 1 year. One patient required reoperation for IOP control.
CONCLUSIONS: With careful pre and postoperative care, GATT seems to be a low-risk procedure for uveitic flare-ups in patients with UG.
Carbohydrate \& 750 kcal dietary restriction while they receive a daily supplement (2 x 25 g) of maltodextrin (no protein) for 14 days. Weight loss.
Obesity is commonly linked with white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction, setting off inflammation and oxidative stress, both key contributors to the cardiometabolic complications associated with obesity. To improve metabolic and cardiovascular health, countering these inflammatory and oxidative signaling processes is crucial. Offering potential in this context, the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) by nitro-fatty acids (NO2-FA) promote diverse anti-inflammatory signaling and counteract oxidative stress. Additionally, we previously highlighted that nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA) preferentially accumulates in WAT and provides protection against already established high fat diet (HFD)-mediated impaired glucose tolerance. The precise mechanism accounting for these protective effects remained largely unexplored until now. Herein, we reveal that protective effects of improved glucose tolerance by NO2-OA is absent when Nrf2 is specifically ablated in adipocytes (ANKO mice). NO2-OA treatment did not alter body weight between ANKO and littermate controls (Nrf2fl/fl) mice on both the HFD and low-fat diet (LFD). As expected, at day 76 (before NO2-OA treatment) and notably at day 125 (daily treatment of 15 mg/kg NO2-OA for 48 days), both HFD-fed Nrf2fl/fl and ANKO mice exhibited increased fat mass and reduced lean mass compared to LFD controls. However, throughout the NO2-OA treatment, no distinction was observed between Nrf2fl/fl and ANKO in the HFD-fed mice as well as in the Nrf2fl/fl mice fed a LFD. Glucose tolerance tests revealed impaired glucose tolerance in HFD-fed Nrf2fl/fl and ANKO compared to LFD-fed Nrf2fl/fl mice. Notably, NO2-OA treatment improved glucose tolerance in HFD-fed Nrf2fl/fl but did not yield the same improvement in ANKO mice at days 15, 30, and 55 of treatment. Unraveling the pathways linked to NO2-OA's protective effects in obesity-mediated impairment in glucose tolerance is pivotal within the realm of precision medicine, crucially propelling future applications and refining novel drug-based strategies.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Cirrhotic portal hypertension (CPH) is the leading cause of mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Over 50% of patients with CPH treated with current clinical pharmacotherapy still present variceal bleeding or sometimes death owing to insufficient reduction in portal pressure. Elevated intrahepatic vascular resistance (IHVR) plays a fundamental role in increasing portal pressure. Because of its potent effect in reducing portal pressure and maintaining normal portal inflow to preserve liver function, lowering the IHVR is acknowledged as an optimal anti-CPH strategy but without clinical drugs. We aimed to investigate the protective effect of microbial-derived Urolithin A (UroA) in IHVR and CPH.
METHODS: Carbon tetrachloride or bile duct ligation surgery was administered to mice to induce liver fibrosis and CPH. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used for microbial analysis. Transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses were employed to study the host and cell responses.
RESULTS: UroA was remarkably deficient in patients with CPH and was negatively correlated with disease severity. UroA deficiency was also confirmed in CPH mice and was associated with a reduced abundance of UroA-producing bacterial strain (Lactobacillus murinus, L. murinus). Glutaminolysis of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) was identified as a previously unrecognized target of UroA. UroA inhibited the activity of glutaminase1 to suppress glutaminolysis, which counteracted fibrogenesis and contraction of HSCs and ameliorated CPH by relieving IHVR. Supplementation with UroA or L. murinus effectively ameliorated CPH in mice.
CONCLUSIONS: We for the first time identify the deficiency of gut microbial metabolite UroA as an important cause of CPH. We demonstrate that UroA exerts an excellent anti-CPH effect by suppressing HSC glutaminolysis to lower the IHVR, which highlighted its great potential as a novel therapeutic agent for CPH.
EGFR(V)-EDV-Dox administered via 20 minute intravenous infusion once a week for seven weeks (1 Cycle). Subjects will receive one of two dose levels: 5 x 10\^9 or 8 x 10\^9. All subjects will undergo an adapted dose escalation regime in the first cycle of treatment. For subsequent cycles all doses will be administered at full strength (5x10\^9 or 8x10\^9 EGFR(V)-EDV-Dox). Subjects may receive further cycles of treatment if the tumor remains stable or is responding, and/or they are deriving clinical benefit from the therapy and are tolerating treatment.
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic contrast agents, and particularly discloses a simethicone microbubble ultrasonic contrast agent as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The contrast agent comprises a shell and inert gas and buffer liquid which are wrapped in the shell, wherein: the material of the shell comprises simethicone. The method comprises the following steps: (1) providing a sterile suspension comprising sodium chloride, a buffer, simethicone. (2) Mixing the obtained sterilized suspension with inert gas, and processing by acoustic right heart contrast to obtain suspension A. (3) And mixing the suspension A with inert gas again, and then carrying out ultrasonic crushing treatment to obtain a suspension B. (4) And standing the suspension B, and taking the middle-layer microbubble liquid after layering to obtain the suspension B. The microbubble ultrasound contrast agent using simethicone as a film-forming material has good in-vivo enhanced imaging capability on ultrasound for clinical diagnosis, good biocompatibility and simple and convenient preparation process.