anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: Detection of ischemic lesions in patients with transient neurovascular symptoms is relevant for the estimation of the risk of a subsequent stroke and etiological classification. To improve detection rates, different technical approaches have been used, such as diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with high b-values or higher magnetic field strength. Here, we sought to investigate the value of computed DWI (cDWI) with high b-values in these patients.
METHODS: From an MRI report database we identified patients with transient neurovascular symptoms who underwent repeated MRI including DWI. cDWI was calculated with a monoexponential model with high b-values (2000, 3000, and 4000 s/mm2) and compared to the routinely used standard DWI with regard to presence of ischemic lesions and lesion detectability.
RESULT: Overall 33 patients with transient neurovascular symptoms (71 [IQR 57-83.5] years; 21 [63.6%] male) were included. On DWI, acute ischemic lesions were observed in 22 (78.6%). Acute ischemic lesions were observed in 17 (51.5%) patients on initial DWI, and in 26 (78.8%) patients on follow-up DWI. Lesion detectability was rated significantly better on cDWI at 2000s/mm2 compared to standard DWI. In 2 (9.1%) patients, cDWI at 2000s/mm2 revealed an acute ischemic lesion proven on follow-up standard DWI which was not detected with certainty on the initial standard DWI.
CONCLUSION: cDWI might be a valuable addition to routinely acquired standard DWI in patients with transient neurovascular symptoms since its use might result in improved ischemic lesion detection. A b-value of 2000s/mm2 seems most promising for clinical practice.
Delirium is an altered mental status associated with specific manifestations such as reduced ability to direct, focus, maintain and shift attention (DSM V criteria). The vulnerability of critically-ill ARDS patients explains the high incidence of delirium (up to 80%) in this setting. Delirium is an independent predictor of post-traumatic stress disorder, long term cognitive decline and mortality. To reduce this medical and social burden, a more complete description of delirium is needed both in terms of cognitive impairments and long term neurological and neuropsychological impact. Actually, it could be argued that the current exclusive behavioral assessment of these patients is insufficient in terms of diagnosis and prognostic assessment. In recent years, the study of consciousness has made major progress thanks to the use of innovative electrophysiological exploration methods. This work has notably allowed the development of new non-behavioral tools for the exploration of brain function in brain damaged patients in response to complex auditory stimulations (multidimensional electrophysiological battery, mEEG). In this context, the investigator team has recently demonstrated alterations in cognitive functions related to language- and self-processing in ARDS patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV2 infection. These electrophysiological cognitive alterations were particularly marked in COVID-19 patients with delirium. Further studies are needed to disentangle the cognitive impact specifically related to delirium from that related to a severe form of COVID-19. The primary objective of this study is to identify diagnostic electrophysiological signatures of cognitive dysfunctions associated with the acute phase of delirium in critically-ill ARDS patients using a multidimensional electrophysiological assessment (mEEG) recording at rest and during auditory stimulation (first visit, V1). Secondary objectives are to characterize the impact of intensive care unit (ICU)-related delirium on neurocognitive and psychological dysfunctions observed at 6 months (second visit, V2), in order to explore the prognostic predictive value of electrophysiological data acquired during the acute phase of delirium.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide adipose-derived stem cells and lattices solving such a problem that there remains a need for a lattice material suitable for use as a substrate in culturing and growing populations of cells.  <P>SOLUTION: There are provided clonal populations of adipose-derived stem cells and connective tissue stem cells substantially free of adipocytes and red blood cells. The cells can be employed alone or within biologically-compatible compositions to generate differentiated tissues and structures, both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, the cells can be expanded and cultured to produce hormones and to provide conditioned culture media for supporting the growth and expansion of other cell populations. Furthermore, there is provided an adipose-derived lattice substantially devoid of cells, which includes an extracellular matrix material derived from adipose tissues. Thereby, the lattice can be used as a substrate to facilitate the growth and differentiation of the cells, whether in vivo or in vitro, into anlagen or even mature tissues or structures.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
Infection with Lassa virus (LASV) can cause Lassa fever, a haemorrhagic illness with an estimated fatality rate of 29.7%, but causes no or mild symptoms in many individuals. Here, to investigate whether human genetic variation underlies the heterogeneity of LASV infection, we carried out genome-wide association studies (GWAS) as well as seroprevalence surveys, human leukocyte antigen typing and high-throughput variant functional characterization assays. We analysed Lassa fever susceptibility and fatal outcomes in 533 cases of Lassa fever and 1,986 population controls recruited over a 7 year period in Nigeria and Sierra Leone. We detected genome-wide significant variant associations with Lassa fever fatal outcomes near GRM7 and LIF in the Nigerian cohort. We also show that a haplotype bearing signatures of positive selection and overlapping LARGE1, a required LASV entry factor, is associated with decreased risk of Lassa fever in the Nigerian cohort but not in the Sierra Leone cohort. Overall, we identified variants and genes that may impact the risk of severe Lassa fever, demonstrating how GWAS can provide insight into viral pathogenesis.
The utility relates to a removing device for solder balls of a printed circuit board (PCB). The removing device includes a supporting table, a loading portion, a cylinder group, a solder ball removing module and a control unit. The loading portion is used to support the PCB. The cylinder group connects the supporting table and the loading portion, and the cylinder group controls the loading portion to move relative to the supporting table. The solder ball removing module is disposed in the supporting table. The control unit controls the cylinder group to move the loading portion close to or far away from the solder ball removing module. When the loading portion is close to the solder ball removing module, the control unit controls the solder ball removing module to work to remove solder balls of the PCB.
Approximately 700 reproductive age women (18-45) with an Etonogestrel (ENG) contraceptive implant in place for more than 1 year will be enrolled. Participants will undergo a blood draw for measurement of ENG concentration (serum) and genotyping (whole blood) and complete a questionnaire regarding their demographics and contraceptive, gynecological, and obstetrical history. The research investigators will also consent participants for use of their genetic samples and clinical data in future unspecified research.

The serum samples will be de-identified for ENG analysis, which will be done using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Additional whole blood samples collected at the enrollment visit will undergo DNA extraction. A candidate gene study was conducted using the first 350 participants. The research investigators selected 120 genetic variants for 14 target genes involved in progestin metabolism, regulation, and function for this candidate gene study. A Genome Wide Association Study will be performed using all 700 participants. Genotyping will be performed using a custom MultiEthnic Global Array chip through the Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine.
Respiratory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, lung cancer, and coronavirus pneumonia, present a major global health challenge. Current diagnostic and therapeutic options for these diseases are limited, necessitating the urgent development of novel biomarkers and therapeutic strategies. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) within extracellular vesicles (EVs) have received considerable attention due to their crucial role in intercellular communication and disease progression. EVs are membrane-bound structures released by cells into the extracellular environment, encapsulating a variety of biomolecules such as DNA, RNA, lipids, and proteins. Specifically, miRNAs within EVs, known as EV-miRNAs, facilitate intercellular communication by regulating gene expression. The expression levels of these miRNAs can reflect distinct disease states and significantly influence immune cell function, chronic airway inflammation, airway remodeling, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and other pathological processes. Consequently, EV-miRNAs have a profound impact on the onset, progression, and therapeutic responses of respiratory diseases, with great potential for disease management. Synthesizing the current understanding of EV-miRNAs in respiratory diseases such as COPD, asthma, lung cancer, and novel coronavirus pneumonia, this review aims to explore the potential of EV-miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets and examine their prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of these respiratory diseases.
Here, we aim to investigate the effects of MDMA (1 mg/kg) on the encoding and retrieval of positive, negative, social, and neutral memories. The study will use a between subjects design with three groups (N = 20 per group). Two of the groups will be randomly assigned to receive MDMA before one of the two stages of memory: Encoding (ENC) or Retrieval (RET). The third group will receive placebo only (PLC). All three groups will receive capsules before viewing the study materials, and at retrieval two days later, but they will receive MDMA only in the capsule appropriate to their condition, and other capsules will contain placebo.

Participants will participate in two sessions: a viewing session during which they will view emotional and neutral stimuli, followed 48 hours later by a retrieval session, during which there will be a surprise memory test with two components (verbally cued recollection and picture recognition). On all sessions subjects will also complete mood questionnaires.
The instant disclosure provides antibodies and antigen-binding fragments thereof that can bind to a SARS-CoV-2 antigen and, in certain embodiments, are capable of neutralizing a SARS-CoV-2 infection. In certain embodiments, an antibody or antigen-binding fragment of the present disclosure has one or more improved property, such as improved binding and/or neutralization, as compared to an antibody or antigen-binding fragment having the six CDRs of, or the VH and VL amino acid sequences as set forth, in SEQ ID NOs.:30 and 34, respectively, or as set forth in SEQ ID NOs.:22 and 26, respectively. In certain embodiments, the presently disclosed antibodies are capable of binding to S proteins of multiple sarbecoviruses and/or neutralizing infection by multiple sarbecoviruses. In some embodiments, a sarbecovirus is from clade 1a, clade 1b, clade 2, or clade 3. In some embodiments, a sarbecovirus comprises a SARS-CoV-2, a SARS-CoV-2 G504D variant, a SARS-CoV delta variant, a SARS-CoV omicron variant, a SARS-CoV, or any combination thereof. Also provided are polynucleotides that encode an antibody or antigen-binding fragment, vectors and host cells that comprise a polynucleotide, pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of using the presently disclosed antibodies, antigen-binding fragments, polynucleotides, vectors, host cells, and compositions to treat or diagnose a sarbecovirus infection, such as a SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition with excellent skin cleaning effect and cosmetics using the same. According to the present invention, the cosmetic composition is formed by mixing a first composition (A) having a cleaning function with a second composition having moisturizing, antioxidant, skin protection, winkle mitigation, whitening, andantiaging functionalities. The first composition (A) is formed by mixing extracts of kelp extract, Zostera marina, Eckloniacava, and Houttuyniae Herba. The second composition (B) is formed by mixing first to fourth mixing compositions and a skin whitening composition. The first mixing composition is formed by mixing extract of sea cucumber and ScutellariabaicalensisGeorgi in the same weight ratio to provide the moisturization function. The second mixing composition is formed by mixing extracts of linseed and leaves of Hippophaerhamnoides in the same weight ratio to provide the antioxidant function. The third mixing composition is formed by mixing extracts of black garlic and motherwort in the same weight ratio to provide skin protection and winkle mitigation functions. The skin whitening composition is formed by mixing extracts of leaves of persimmon and flowers of Cimicifuga heracleifolia Komarov in the same weight ratio. The fourth mixing composition is formed by mixing extracts of leaf of chestnut tree and flowers of acacia in the same weight ratio to provide the anti-aging function.
No evidence of a tumorigenic effect was observed in a 24-month study in Sprague-Dawley rats receiving doses of finasteride up to 160 mg/kg/day in males and 320 mg/kg/day in females. These doses produced respective systemic exposure in rats of 111 and 274 times those observed in man receiving the recommended human dose of 5 mg/day. All exposure calculations were based on calculated AUC (0-24 hr) for animals and mean AUC (0-24 hr) for man (0.4 mcg•hr/mL).   
  
In a 19-month carcinogenicity study in CD-1 mice, a statistically significant (p≤0.05) increase in the incidence of testicular Leydig cell adenomas was observed at 228 times the human exposure (250 mg/kg/day). In mice at 23 times the human exposure, estimated (25 mg/kg/day) and in rats at 39 times the human exposure (40 mg/kg/day) an increase in the incidence of Leydig cell hyperplasia was observed. A positive correlation between the proliferative changes in the Leydig cells and an increase in serum LH levels (2- to 3-fold above control) has been demonstrated in both rodent species treated with high doses of finasteride. No drug-related Leydig cell changes were seen in either rats or dogs treated with finasteride for 1 year at 30 and 350 times (20 mg/kg/day and 45 mg/kg/day, respectively) or in mice treated for 19 months at 2.3 times the human exposure, estimated (2.5 mg/kg/day).   
  
No evidence of mutagenicity was observed in an in vitro bacterial mutagenesis assay, a mammalian cell mutagenesis assay, or in an in vitro alkaline elution assay. In an in vitro chromosome aberration assay, using Chinese hamster ovary cells, there was a slight increase in chromosome aberrations. These concentrations correspond to 4000 to 5000 times the peak plasma levels in man given a total dose of 5 mg. In an in vivo chromosome aberration assay in mice, no treatment-related increase in chromosome aberration was observed with finasteride at the maximum tolerated dose of 250 mg/kg/day (228 times the human exposure) as determined in the carcinogenicity studies.   
  
In sexually mature male rabbits treated with finasteride at 543 times the human exposure (80 mg/kg/day) for up to 12 weeks, no effect on fertility, sperm count, or ejaculate volume was seen. In sexually mature male rats treated with 61 times the human exposure (80 mg/kg/day), there were no significant effects on fertility after 6 or 12 weeks of treatment; however, when treatment was continued for up to 24 or 30 weeks, there was an apparent decrease in fertility, fecundity and an associated significant decrease in the weights of the seminal vesicles and prostate. All these effects were reversible within 6 weeks of discontinuation of treatment. No drug-related effect on testes or on mating performance has been seen in rats or rabbits. This decrease in fertility in finasteride-treated rats is secondary to its effect on accessory sex organs (prostate and seminal vesicles) resulting in failure to form a seminal plug. The seminal plug is essential for normal fertility in rats and is not relevant in man.
The surveillance and identification of emerging, reemerging, and unknown infectious disease pathogens is essential to national public health preparedness and relies on fluidity, coordination, and interconnectivity between public and private pathogen surveillance systems and networks. Developing a national sentinel surveillance network with existing resources and infrastructure could increase efficiency, accelerate the identification of emerging public health threats, and support coordinated intervention strategies that reduce morbidity and mortality. However, implementing and sustaining programs to detect emerging and reemerging pathogens in humans using advanced molecular methods, such as metagenomic sequencing, requires making large investments in testing equipment and developing networks of clinicians, laboratory scientists, and bioinformaticians. In this study, we sought to gain an understanding of how federal government agencies currently support such pathogen agnostic testing of human specimens in the United States. We conducted a landscape analysis of federal agency websites for publicly accessible information on the availability and type of pathogen agnostic testing and details on flow of clinical specimens and data. The website analysis was supplemented by an expert review of results with representatives from the federal agencies. Operating divisions within the US Department of Health and Human Services and the US Department of Veterans Affairs have developed and sustained extensive clinical and research networks to obtain patient specimens and perform metagenomic sequencing. Metagenomic facilities supported by US agencies were not equally geographically distributed across the United States. Although many entities have work dedicated to metagenomics and/or support emerging infectious disease surveillance specimen collection, there was minimal formal collaboration across agencies.
Patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) usually respond with an increase in platelet count after treatment with steroids, but most patients will experience recurrence.Rituximab has been a useful treatment for patients with recurrent ITP; many hundreds of patients have been treated. 30-40% of patients will achieve a complete remission (CR: platelet count \>150 x 109/l) with initial treatment. However, most patients will relapse between 1 and 3 years from initial treatment suggesting that long-term "cures" only occur in 20% of the initial patients. An increased rate of durable CRs is therefore a desirable goal. One approach would be to use rituximab maintenance; however, this strategy results in long term B cell suppression. Dexamethasone has also been used to achieve "cure" in ITP, especially in adults at or near diagnosis. An initial study suggested that approximately 50% of patients would achieve a long-term response with only one 4-day cycle of high dose (40 mg/day) dexamethasone. A follow up study suggested that 3-4 cycles of dexamethasone would be better than 1 cycle. Finally, a recent publication suggested that rituximab plus one cycle of dexamethasone was superior to dexamethasone alone, with a \> 50% CR rate at 6 months. Based on the published activity of rituximab and dexamethasone in this disorder, some patients have received treatment with combined dexamethasone and rituximab. We will review the data of those patients who have received more than one course of dexamethasone together with rituximab for relapsed or refractory ITP in order to determine the response rate, duration of response, toxicity of the combination, and clinical predictors of response in this group.
Pelvic organ prolapse is becoming more common as women's life expectancy is increasing and the prevalence of obesity is rising. Many women undergo pelvic reconstructive surgery to treat their prolapse and improve their quality of life. The incidence of pelvic organ prolapse is 1.5-1.8 surgeries per 1,000 women years. Approximately 300,000 pelvic reconstructive surgeries are performed each year in the United States. There is a wide variety in surgical approaches and procedures for prolapse. One such procedure is a sacrocolpopexy in which the cervix or vaginal cuff is lifted to the anterior longitudinal ligament overlying the sacrum via a mesh graft. This can be done in a minimally invasive fashion with a laparoscopic or robotic approach or in an open abdominal approach. Numerous studies have shown this procedure to have a high success rate and long-term durability. As robotic/laparoscopic approach to surgery has shown shorter hospital-stays and improved patient outcomes, the robotic-assisted sacrocolpopexy has been rapidly incorporated into clinical practice.

In general, surgery causes a release of painful chemical mediators which has led to increased narcotic use, increased narcotic addiction, and number of pills prescribed. Most individuals who undergo surgery will require narcotics postoperatively to control their pain and some individuals have to extend their hospital stay until adequate pain control is achieved. Our study is aimed to reduce narcotic use, decrease hospital stay due to pain issues and determine if timing of adjunct pain medication improves pain scales for patients.

As postoperative pain after minimally invasive surgery is complex, specialists suggest that the effective analgesic treatment should be a multimodal approach. Use of local anesthetic with bupivacaine at robotic/laparoscopic trocar sites is the standard of care, however, there is no standard as to optimal timing that is most beneficial for patients to decrease pain. Currently, bupivacaine is used by providers at the trocar sites at either the beginning of the case or at the end of the case. From clinical observation, it appears that postoperative pain levels reported from patients receiving either at the beginning of surgery (pre-) or end (post-incision) of the surgery are similar. This study aims to examine the difference in postoperative day one pain levels reported by patients between the two infiltration methods