anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Liver dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is caused by disease activity or secondary conditions like coexistent autoimmune liver diseases. In Taiwan, despite sporadically reported cases of SLE-autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) overlap disease, larger-scale monocentric investigations for such overlapping patients are not available. Retrospective analyses were performed in a hospitalized SLE cohort with 805 patients for identifying co-existent AIH from 2014 to 2023, focusing on distinct therapeutic modalities and differential diagnosis between SLE-AIH overlap and lupus hepatitis (LH). There were 5 cases (a 0.6% occurrence), all females aged 25-58 years (44 ± 13). Ages for the SLE diagnosis were 19-51 years (30 ± 13), while ages for the AIH diagnosis were 22-57 years (36 ± 14). Contradictory to interface hepatitis in SLE-AIH overlap, liver biopsy only demonstrated non-specific abnormalities in LH. Liver cirrhosis was identified in SLE-AIH overlap but not in LH. After corticosteroids/azathioprine therapy, there were normalized liver function in all LH. In 2 SLE-AIH overlap cases refractory to such therapy, one received B-cell depletion therapy (annual rituximab infusion, 375 mg/m2 weekly × 4) and another accepted living-donor liver transplantation from sibling due to advanced liver cirrhosis, leading to improved hepatic dysfunction in both.
Stable solutions of polythionic acid or polythionates substantially free from elementary sulphur are obtained by adding to the solutions organic compounds containing at least one nitrogen atom in the molecule and belonging to one or more of the following types of compounds: amino acids, condensation products of amines and aldehydes, hydrazine, hydrazine compounds and compounds of the following molecular configuration: <FORM:0632929/III/1> p  , R1CONHR2 and R.SO2NH2, where R, R1 and R2 are hydrogen, aliphatic or aromatic radicals.  The wetting agents of Specification 632,928 and/or the substances of Specification 632,927 which are capable of forming in the solution compounds of metals in the oxidized and reduced states, may also be present.  The examples relate to the stabilization of solutions of pentathionic acid, sodium pentathionate, potassium pentathionate, potassium hexathionate, potassium tetrathionate and alkali metal tetrathionates in general.ALSO:Cosmetics and external medicines comprise solutions of polythionic acid or polythionates substantially free from elementary sulphur, said solutions being stabilized by the addition thereto of organic compounds containing at least one nitrogen atom in the molecule and belonging to one or more of the following types of compounds: amino acids, condensation products of amines and aldehydes, hydrazine, hydrazine compounds and compounds of the following molecular configuration <FORM:0632929/VI/1> <FORM:0632929/VI/2> R1CONHR2 and R.SO2NH2 in which R. R1 and R2 designate hydrogen or an aromatic or aliphatic radical.  The wetting agents of Specification 632,928 and/or the substances of Specification 632,927, which are capable of forming in the solution compounds of metals in the oxidized and reduced states may also be present.  The examples relate to the stabilization of solutions of pentathionic acid, sodium pentathionate, potassium pentathionate, potassium hexathionate, potassium tetrathionate and alkali metal tetrathionates in general. p
The study of rare diseases has long been an area of challenge for medical researchers, with agonizingly slow movement towards improved understanding of pathophysiology and treatments compared with more common illnesses. The push towards evidence-based medicine (EBM), which prioritizes certain types of evidence over others, poses a particular issue when mapped onto rare diseases, which may not be feasibly investigated using the methodologies endorsed by EBM, due to a number of constraints. While other trial designs have been suggested to overcome these limitations (with varying success), perhaps the most recent and enthusiastically adopted is the application of artificial intelligence to rare disease data. This paper critically examines the pitfalls of EBM (and its trial design offshoots) as it pertains to rare diseases, exploring the current landscape of AI as a potential solution to these challenges. This discussion is also taken a step further, providing philosophical commentary on the weaknesses and dangers of AI algorithms applied to rare disease research. While not proposing a singular solution, this article does provide a thoughtful reminder that no 'one-size-fits-all' approach exists in the complex world of rare diseases. We must balance cautious optimism with critical evaluation of new research paradigms and technology, while at the same time not neglecting the ever-important aspect of patient values and preferences, which may be challenging to incorporate into computer-driven models.
Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a chronic immune mediated inflammatory disease characterized by inflammation of the hair follicle and scaring hair loss. Clinically, FFA presents as a progressive recession of the hairline in a frontal temporal distribution. Evidence suggests that timely and effective management can prevent the permanent loss of hair. Unfortunately, most current treatment have been disappointing with poor efficacy or high risk profile. The available of a safe effective treatment for this disease remains an unmet need Apremilast is a novel phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor currently FDA approved to treat psoriasis and is under investigation for other auto immune conditions. The medication has a good safety profile with no required laboratory monitoring. This study primarily aimsto determine whether Apremilast offers any benefit for this difficult to treatment population
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine whether Black patients with recurrent endometrial cancer were more likely than White patients to be ineligible for a recently published clinical trial due to specific eligibility criteria.
METHODS: Patients with recurrent or progressive endometrial cancer diagnosed from January 2010 to December 2021 who received care at a single institution were identified. Demographic and clinicopathologic information was abstracted and determination of clinical trial eligibility was made based on 14 criteria from the KEYNOTE-775 trial. Characteristics of the eligible and ineligible cohorts were compared, and each ineligibility criterion was evaluated by race.
RESULTS: One hundred seventy-five patients were identified, 89 who would have met all inclusion and no exclusion criteria for KEYNOTE-775, and 86 who would have been ineligible by one or more exclusion criteria. Patients in the ineligible cohort were more likely to have lower BMI (median 26.5 vs. 29.2, P <0.001), but were otherwise similar with regard to insurance status, histology, and stage at diagnosis. Black patients had 33% lower odds of being eligible (95% CI: 0.33-1.34) and were more likely to meet the exclusion criterion of having a previous intestinal anastomosis, but the result was not statistically significant. If this criterion were removed, the racial distribution of those ineligible for the trial would be more similar (46.4% Black vs. 42.2% White).
CONCLUSIONS: Clinical trial eligibility criteria may contribute to the underrepresentation of racial groups in clinical trials, but other factors should be explored. Studies to quantify and lessen the impact of implicit bias are also needed.
Ecto-NTPDase function on Langerhans cells is demonstrated to counteract the nucleotide inflammatory response caused by certain types of chemical irritants. The present invention takes advantage of this observation by, first, providing methods for screening of chemicals for irritant potential based on their ability to induce nucleotide release from keratinocytes. Second, methods are provided for the prevention and treatment of inflammation using NTPDase protein or gene therapy. And third, there also are provided methods for screening candidate compounds for NTPDase modulatory activity, thereby identifying possible pro- and anti-inflammatory agents. Additionally, the role of NTPDases and P2 receptors in hyperactive immune conditions such as antoimmune diseases and allergic reactions such as allergic contact dermatitis has been demonstrated. Therefore, the invention also provides methods for the prevention and treatment of hyperactive immune conditions by using NTPDase inhibitors and/or P2 receptor inhibitors. Further provided are methods for screening candidate compounds for modulatory activity of NTPDase-mediated immune conditions, thereby identifying other possible immunotherapeutic agents.
BACKGROUND: Presbyphagia, an age-related decline in swallowing function, is considered a precursor stage of dysphagia and a risk state that can lead to aspiration pneumonia and malnutrition. We examined factors associated with presbyphagia in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 80 patients with CAP aged ≥65 years admitted to an acute care hospital between June 2021 and April 2024. Presbyphagia was assessed using the 10-item Eating Assessment Tool. The survey items included grip strength, body mass index, the Mini-Cog©, repetitive saliva swallowing test, tongue pressure, and evaluations for sarcopenia and frailty. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the factors associated with presbyphagia after adjusting for age and sex.
RESULTS: Of 80 patients, 44 (55%) had presbyphagia. The presbyphagia group was older, had lower Barthel Index scores, and had a higher proportion of history of cerebrovascular accident, sarcopenia and frailty than the non-presbyphagia group. Logistic regression analysis revealed frailty (adjusted odds ratio: 3.106, 95% confidence interval: 1.161-8.313, p = 0.024) was significantly associated with presbyphagia.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results revealed a significant association between presbyphagia and frailty in patients with CAP. The relationship between presbyphagia and frailty suggests that these conditions are not caused by a single functional decline or structural change but by a combination of factors. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehensively evaluate presbyphagia in patients with CAP to provide appropriate interventions.
The tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) protein family has steadily become a hotspot in tumor-related research. As a member of the E3 ubiquitin ligase family, TRIM is working on many crucial biological processes, including the regulation of tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, and autophagy. Among the diverse TRIM superfamily members, TRIM3 operates via different mechanisms in various types of tumors. This review primarily focuses on the current state of research regarding the antitumor mechanisms of TRIM3 in different cancers. A more in-depth study of TRIM3 may provide new directions for future antitumor treatments. Our review focuses on TRIM3 proteins and cancer. We searched for relevant articles on the mechanisms by which TRIM3 affects tumorigenesis and development from 1997 to 2023 and summarized the latest progress and future directions. Triad-containing motif protein 3 (TRIM3) is an important protein, which plays a key role in the process of tumorigenesis and development. The comprehensive exploration of TRIM3 is anticipated to pave the way for future advancements in antitumor therapy, which is expected to be a new hallmark for cancer detection and a novel target for drug action. TRIM3 is poised to become a significant milestone in cancer detection and a promising focal point for drug intervention. Recent years have witnessed notable progress in research aimed at unraveling the antitumor mechanism of TRIM3, with far-reaching implications for practical tumor diagnosis, treatment protocols, efficacy evaluation, economics, and pharmaceutical utilization.
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is an inherited monogenic hemoglobin disorder caused by a mutation in the gene encoding the beta globin subunit of adult hemoglobin (HbA) resulting in a substitution of valine for glutamic acid at position 6 and thus producing hemoglobin S (HbS). When deoxygenated, HbS polymerizes, rendering the red cell rigid, viscous, and abnormally adherent to the capillary endothelium. This impedes blood flow in the microcirculation, causing ischemia and microinfarcts that lead to painful crises, cerebrovascular stroke, renal impairment, venous blood clots, retinopathy and other end-organ damage. The current scientific literature recognizes the contribution of an acquired hypercoagulable state in SCD to vascular pathobiology, chronic organ dysfunction, and mortality.

Like cancer, SCD is associated with a hypercoagulable state and patients have a high risk of new onset and recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE). Elevated blood levels of the procoagulant protein tissue factor and its activator, protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) in patients with SCD suggest a causal role for these proteins in the development of venous blood clots. In cancer patients, inhibiting plasma PDI activity with isoquercetin (IQ) led to a significant reduction in VTE biomarkers (soluble P-selectin and D-dimer) and venous thrombosis over the short term. These findings provide support to test the hypothesis that isoquercetin treatment in sickle cell disease would diminish thrombo-inflammatory biomarkers and attenuate the hypercoagulable state.
The invention relates to a bio-active enzyme and an extraction process thereof. Particularly, the bio-active enzyme provided by the invention is extracted from a red blood cell. In a preparation process of the bio-active enzyme, the washed red blood cell and a citrate buffer solution are mixed, the red blood cell is smashed, and centrifuging is carried out to take a liquid supernatant, thereby obtaining the sediment by an ammonium sulfate precipitation method. According to the invention, use of the common dialysis or organic solvent precipitation method in the prior art is avoided, a Sephade*G-25 sephadex column and a metal chelate affinity column are selected to purify the bio-active enzyme, a phosphate buffer solution with a specific pH value is selected to be used as an eluant according to the characteristics of the bio-active enzyme, and the high-purity bio-active enzyme is successfully obtained. The extraction process of the bio-active enzyme provided by the invention is simple in operation, safe and environmentally friendly. After being tested, the bio-active enzyme provided by the invention is high in purity and good in antioxidant activity.
The role of chemotherapy for gliomas has been recently reappraised by the advent of temozolomide, especially for glioblastomas, and further investigation is now being directed to unveiling its optimal indications, dosing protocols, and the most relevant prognostic factors. Meanwhile, the management of anaplastic gliomas of WHO grade 3 (anaplastic astrocytomas, anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, and anaplastic oligoastrocytomas) is currently largely based on surgery followed by radiotherapy, of which prognosis remains still dismal with the median survival of 2-5 years. To date, the benefit of chemo for WHO grade 3 gliomas is unclear of modest at best with conventional cytotoxic agents, and the role of temozolomide for these entities still is not elucidated. Moreover, WHO grade 3 gliomas are now known to consist of heterogeneous groups of different histologic features, biological behaviors, and prognoses. Accordingly, relevant molecular markers are appreciated with the growing body of data that showing their implications on response to therapy and survival, including codeletion of chromosome 1p/19q, methylation status of methylguanine methyl transferase (MGMT), and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation.1,4-6,11 Among those, codeletion of chromosome 1p/19q is considered the most important marker of prognostic significance in WHO grade 3 gliomas.

One recent Korean prospective cohort study showed the potential survival benefit and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with temozolomide followed by adjuvant temozolomide for WHO grade 3 gliomas. In this study, however, the role of molecular markers such as codeletion of chromosome 1p/19q and MGMT methylation could not be determined because of small number of patients available. These results prompted this Korean group to project a randomized phase 2 screening trial examining the efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with temozolomide followed by adjuvant temozolomide for WHO grade 3 gliomas without codeletion of chromosome 1p/19q. The basic concept of the present clinical trial is "a subgroup with expected worse prognosis according to the status of chromosome 1p/19q, i.e. one without codeletion of chromosome 1p/19q is to be managed more aggressively", to investigate the role of temozolomide. An aggressive therapy (surgery + concurrent chemoradiotherapy with temozolomide followed by adjuvant temozolomide) will be compared to the conventional arm (surgery + radiotherapy only) in terms of its efficacy and safety for WHO grade 3 gliomas without chromosome 1p/19q codeletion. The prognostic significance of methylation status of MGMT and IDH1 mutation as molecular markers will be also assessed in each arm as key secondary analysis. Until now, there have been no such trials examining the efficacy and safety of temozolomide for WHO grade 3 gliomas based on prospective molecular stratification.
Ticagrelor is a potent, direct-acting, and reversible P2Y12‑adenosine diphosphate receptor blocker. It has a rapid onset of action and an intense and consistent platelet reactivity inhibition that has been demonstrated to be superior to clopidogrel in decreasing major adverse events in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Although ticagrelor is well tolerated in ACS patients, it has side effects, such as dyspnea and bradyarrhythmia, as reported in the Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) study. Furthermore, it was reported that ticagrelor's bradyarrhythmic potential was transient and not clinically significant beyond the acute initiation phase. Nor was there a difference in rates of syncope or need for pacemaker insertion during 30 days of follow-up. Here we report a case of ticagrelor associated with Cheyne-Stokes respiration and asystolic ventricular standstill in a patient with ACS who required resuscitation and insertion of a temporary pacemaker.
They will receive muscle relaxation treatment for at least 48 hours. Cisatracurium will be given. Short term infusions up to 24 hours will be given in a dose rate of 2-3 mic/Kg/min followed by intervallic shots of 2-5 mg.
RCI-Pacifiers have been utilized for decades in the NICU to provide benifical Non-Nutritive Suck. They have been instrumental in transitioning premature infants from gavage to breast feeding Yiallouerou, S, et al, studied the effects of dummy/pacifier on autonomic activity during sleep and found pacifier use to be protective during sleep. Risks and Benefits of Pacifiers have cleary been identified Sexton, S and Natsale, R have identified that nonnutritive suck is a natural reflex for a fetus and newborn. Traditionally, the pacifier has been used as a method for fulfilling an infants innate desire to suckle. Study subjects will be introduced to either a standard/traditional pacifier (without stabilizing/weighted attachment) or a stabilizing/weighted pacifier. Standard/traditional pacifiers will be issued to patients that have been assigned an odd number study identifier and , stabilzing/weighted pacifiers will be issued to patients that have been assigned an even number study identifier. All eligible infants born at 30 weeks to 37.6 weeks who meet study criteria will be included. All staff/caregivers will be trained in proper placement of a stabilizing pacifier prior to use. Stabilizing pacifiers will not be placed on the infants chest. Traditional pacifiers will be used as standard of care at EH. The Neonatal Infant Pain Score (NIPS) scale and a caregiver survey will be used to determine efficacy.
The study population will consist of 120 patients - 60 patients who are exposed to VR, and 60 control patients exposed to an audiovisual "sham" intervention. Investigators will select up to 120 hospitalized patients at CSMC admitted during the study period of November 2016 to September 2017. The inpatient wards serve patients ranging in age from 18 to over 100, allowing us to assess the feasibility of using VR across diverse age groups. Appropriate inpatients will be selected at random by Dr. Rosen or other authorized co-investigators or study staff, who will obtain relevant clinical variables from the EHR. All patients admitted to the hospital will be considered for the study. The location and identity of the inpatient will be relayed by their attending physician to a member of the study team, who will deliver a randomly selected intervention (either VR or Health and Wellness Channel) to the patient the same day (at the patient's discretion). The patient will continue usage as needed for up to 20 days of the hospital stay. VR Interventions include both relaxing environment and engaging games. The Health and Wellness Channel includes some of the same types of content, but it is delivered passively through the in-room television system. Investigators will examine changes in pain level, length of stay, medication requests (amount and timing), Quality of Life, Functioning, and Patient Satisfaction.
Potatoes are one of the most consumed vegetables in the US and the world. In recent years, several changes have been made to government sponsored food programs with respect to potatoes, such as lifting the restriction on the number of servings of starchy vegetables (including potatoes) established by the Healthy Hunger-Free Act, and re-allowing white potatoes in the cash-value voucher for fruits and vegetables of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), after the Institute of Medicine asserted that there was insufficient evidence that white potatoes had adverse health effects. However, the investigators recently reported an increased incidence of hypertension with increasing potato consumption in three large prospective US cohort studies after adjusting for sodium intake and other potential confounders. The investigators also analyzed the association of short-term potato intake from a 24-hr dietary recall with endothelial-dependent vasodilation measured by brachial artery ultrasonography in the Modifiable Effectors of Renin System Activation Treatment Evaluation (MODERATE) trial. Participants who consumed one or more than one serving of boiled, baked or mashed potatoes during the previous day had a 1.7% lower endothelial-dependent vasodilation when compared with participants with no potato intake (p-value= 0.01) after adjusting for other factors. This is a relevant difference in endothelial function - by comparison, every 10 year increase in age was associated with a 1.2% lower endothelial function. Therefore, the investigators plan to analyze the effect of one serving of boiled, baked or mashed potato per day on endothelial function in a crossover feeding trial of healthy adult men and women.