anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
ABSTRACT: Recent clinical trials have shown that targeting rotors and focal impulses (FIs) during atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation improves outcomes. This study evaluated whether a novel computational mapping algorithm (CMA) could identify FIs and rotors, and characterize rotors when incidental ablation resulted in rhythm changes. Three-dimensional (3D) left atrial electroanatomic maps were created from signals recorded from multipolar circular mapping catheters in 61 patients undergoing persistent AF ablation. Forty of 61acquired patient datasets were of adequate quality for analysis CMA, employing an AF pattern recognition algorithm, creating 3D panoramic AF maps identifying drivers of AF (FI and rotors) post procedure. Rotors were further classified as substrate (SBR) or non-substrate based (NSBR) on the basis of rotor stability, proximity to voltage transition zones and complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAEs). Incidentally ablated identified AF drivers, including SBRs and NSBRs, were evaluated for rhythm changes. A total of 172 drivers were identified in 40 patients (2.2 drivers/patient). Seventy percent were rotors (120/172) and 30% were FIs (52/172). Sixty-seven percent of rotors were classified as SBR vs 33% as NSBR. Incidental ablation of SBRs resulted in rhythm change 91% of the time versus only 24% of the time for NSBR (p\<0.0001).
COVID-19 is a contagious respiratory disease that is caused Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome causing Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). It was firstly seen in December 2019 in Wuhan, China and spread rapidly all over the world. World Health Organization (WHO) was declared COVID-19 as a pandemic in March 2020. The most common symptoms are fever, cough and dyspnoea. Social isolation and staying home have been suggested to reduce the spreading rate of COVID-19 pandemic in many countries. In addition, curfew except necessity was applied in some countries and time of curfew varied by country. Therefore, pandemic caused changes in routine life for millions of people. Patients with rheumatic diseases are at higher risk of infections because of disease activity and immunosuppression. In addition, old age and having concomitant chronic disease are among risk factors for coronavirus. Therefore, national health services recommend patients to practice self-isolation and self-quarantine. However, social isolation was concluded with more increased physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyle. The aim of this study is to investigate coronaphobia in rheumatic diseases and compare with healthy people.
Acute hyperhemolysis is a severe life-threatening complication in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) that may occur during delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR), or vaso-occlusive crises associated with multiorgan failure. Here, we developed in vitro and in vivo animal models to mimic endothelial damage during the early phase of hyperhemolysis in SCD. We then used the carbon monoxide (CO)-releasing molecule CORM-401 and examined its effects against endothelial activation, damage, and inflammation inflicted by hemolysates containing red blood cell membrane-derived particles. The in vitro results revealed that CORM-401: (1) prevented the upregulation of relevant proinflammatory and proadhesion markers controlled by the NF-κB enhancer of activated B cells, and (2) abolished the expression of the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) that regulates the inducible antioxidant cell machinery. We also show in SCD mice that CORM-401 protects against hemolysate-induced acute damage of target organs such as the lung, liver, and kidney through modulation of NF-κB proinflammatory and Nrf2 antioxidant pathways. Our data demonstrate the efficacy of CORM-401 as a novel therapeutic agent to counteract hemolysate-induced organ damage during hyperhemolysis in SCD. This approach might be considered as possible preventive treatment in high-risk situations such as patients with SCD with history of DHTR.
The Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial (DiRECT) demonstrated that substantial weight loss and remission from type 2 diabetes can be achieved with low-energy total diet replacement and behavioural support. However, the acceptability of the DiRECT intervention in diverse populations with strong cultural emphases on food and shared eating remains unclear. We conducted a qualitative study nested within a pilot randomised controlled trial of DiRECT in one Māori (the Indigenous people of New Zealand) primary care provider in Aotearoa New Zealand. Participants with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes, obesity, and a desire to lose weight were randomised to either dietitian-supported usual care or the dietitian-supported DiRECT intervention for twelve months. The DiRECT intervention included three months of total diet replacement, then food reintroduction and supported weight loss maintenance. At three and twelve months, semi-structured interviews explored the acceptability of DiRECT and participants' experiences of each intervention. Interview transcripts from 25 participants (aged 48 ± 10 years, 76% female, 78% Māori or Pacific) at three months and 15 participants at twelve months were analysed. Participants viewed their pre-enrolment selves as unhealthy people with poor eating habits and desired professional weight loss support. For DiRECT participants, the total diet replacement phase was challenging but well-received, due to rapid improvements in weight and health. Food reintroduction and weight loss maintenance each presented unique challenges requiring effective strategies and adaptability. All participants considered individualised and empathetic dietetic support crucial to success. Sociocultural factors influencing success were experienced in both interventions: family and social networks provided support and motivation; however, eating-related norms were identified as challenges. The DiRECT intervention was considered an acceptable approach to weight loss in participants with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes with strong cultural emphases on food and shared eating. Our findings highlight the importance of individualised and culturally relevant behavioural support for effective weight loss and weight loss maintenance.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Evidence implied that sleeping duration is associated with the timing of puberty and that sleep deprivation triggers early pubertal onset in adolescents. Sleep deprivation can affect metabolic changes and gut microbiota composition. This study investigated the effects of sleep deprivation on pubertal onset and gut microbiota composition in animal models and a human cohort.
METHODS: This study comprised 459 boys and 959 girls from the Taiwan Pubertal Longitudinal Study. Sleep duration was evaluated using the self-report Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire. Early sexual maturation was defined by pediatric endocrinologist assessments. Mediation analyses were done to examine the association between sleep parameters, obesity, and early sexual maturation. Besides, Sprague Dawley juvenile rats were exposed to 4 weeks of chronic sleep deprivation. Vaginal opening (VO) and preputial separation (PS) were observed every morning to determine pubertal onset in female and male rats.
RESULTS: The sleep-deprived juvenile rats in the sleep-deprived-female (SDF) and sleep-deprived-male (SDM) groups experienced delayed VO (mean VO days: 33 days in control; 35 days in SDF; p-value < 0.05) and PS (mean PS days: 42 days in control; 45 days in SDM; p-value < 0.05), respectively. Relative to their non-sleep-deprived counterparts, the sleep-deprived juvenile rats exhibited lower body weight and body fat percentage. Significant differences in relative bacterial abundance at genus levels and decreased fecal short-chain-fatty-acid levels were identified in both the SDF and SDM groups. In the human cohort, insufficient sleep increased the risk of early sexual maturation, particularly in girls (OR, 1.44; 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.89; p-value < 0.01). Insufficient sleep also indirectly affected early sexual maturation in girls, with obesity serving as the mediator.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, sleep deprivation altered the timing of puberty in both animal and human models but in different directions. In the rat model, sleep deprivation delayed the pubertal onset in juvenile rats through gut dysbiosis and metabolic changes, leading to a low body weight and body fat percentage. In the human model, sleep deprivation led to fat accumulation, causing obesity in girls, which increased the risk of early puberty.
BACKGROUND: No study has comparing hepatitis B virus (HBV) relapse rates among patients with both cancer and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who completed anti-viral prophylaxis for chemotherapy and then stopped taking entecavir or tenofovir alafenamide (TAF).
METHODS: A total of 227 HBeAg-negative cancer patients without cirrhosis who previously took entecavir (n = 144) or TAF (n = 83) for antiviral prophylaxis were enrolled.
RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of virological and clinical relapse at 2 years was 37% and 10.4%, respectively, in the entecavir group, and 46.7% and 19.5%, respectively, in the TAF group. The multivariate analysis revealed that the use of hematologic malignancy, TAF use, and high-viremia group at baseline were independent risk factors for virological relapse, and use of rituximab, TAF use, higher FIB-4 index and high-viremia group at baseline were independent risk factors for clinical relapse. After propensity score-matching, the patients who discontinued TAF therapy still exhibited higher virological (P = 0.031) and clinical relapse rates (P = 0.012) than did those who discontinued entecavir therapy. The patients were allocated to high- (> 2000 IU/mL), moderate- (between 20 and 2000 IU/mL) and low- (< 20 IU/mL) viremia groups. In the high-viremia group, those who had taken TAF for antiviral prophylaxis had higher rates of virological and clinical relapse than did those who had taken entecavir; in the moderate- and low-viremia groups, no significant difference in virological and clinical relapse rates was detected between the entecavir and TAF groups. Three patients experienced hepatic decompensation upon clinical relapse. All three patients were lymphoma and underwent rituximab therapy. One patient developed acute on chronic liver failure and died even though timely retreatment.
CONCLUSIONS: In patients with both cancer and CHB who underwent antiviral prophylaxis, TAF use was associated with a higher chance of HBV relapse than entecavir use after nucleos(t)ide analogue cessation, particularly in the high-viremia group. Patients who are hematologic malignancy and undergo a rituximab-containing cytotoxic therapy should be monitored closely after withdrawal from prophylactic NA treatment.
Cognitive impairment is a well-recognized manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS) with prevalence estimates ranging from 43 to 70%. It is also known to occur as early as the first demyelinating event and is a major factor contributing to quality of life in MS. Treatment strategies for cognitive impairment in MS are limited. Several agents have been tested as therapeutics for MS-related cognitive dysfunction and have showed no major benefit. Cognitive rehabilitation has shown some promise, but the data are limited and many studies have suffered from methodological shortcomings. Given the lack of well-established treatment options and the substantial impact of cognitive impairment, protection of cognitive function from the earliest stages of the disease is of great importance.

Cognitive outcomes received relatively little attention in the pivotal studies of MS disease modifying therapies (DMT), but some data suggest that DMT may have a positive impact on cognition. Gilenya is of special interest because it was found to have a significant protective effect on whole brain atrophy when compared against placebo and intramuscular interferon β-1a in two phase III studies, showing a 31-35% reduction in percentage brain volume change. Gilenya's effect on whole brain atrophy leads to the natural hypothesis that it may have a beneficial effect on cognitive function in MS. Also of particular interest is the extent to which protection of the thalamus and cortex contributes to Gilenya's effect on whole brain atrophy and possible effects on cognition.

The study will enroll 15 subjects from the Cleveland Clinic Mellen Center patient population. Participants must have been on Gilenya for at least 6 months at the time of study entry. The study will involve three assessments: at baseline, six months, and one year. At each time point, participants will undergo 7T MRI of the brain with and without contrast. Participants will also undergo a battery of neurometric testing at each time point. The tests will include the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test - Revised (visuospatial skills), the iPadTM Processing Speed Test (processing speed), the Selective Reminding Test (verbal learning and memory), and the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System Sorting Test (problem-solving skills; can only be administered at baseline and one year due to version limitations).
Local anesthesia is a widely used tool to ensure patient safety and comfort in the dental office. This is usually accomplished by administering a shot of numbing medicine (local anesthesia) in different parts of the mouth. Local anesthesia is an important tool used for care in the dental office however despite its standardized use in dental clinics use of local anesthetic is not standardized for use in dental cases under GA. In the literature there is some evidence suggesting that it has some marginal benefit for pain control short term post operatively and control of vital signs during surgery. Some evidence also suggests that due to its use there can be increase in post-operative lip chewing and cheek biting due to the numb sensation. Additionally, it has been seen that due to the numb sensation that children can be more irritable during when waking up after surgery.

The study section will have 60 participants of which one half will receive local anesthesia for restorative dental care under GA and the other half will receive conventional no anesthesia for restorative dental treatment under GA, based on random assignment (like the flip of a coin). There is an equal chance of being assigned to either group prior to the consented treatment. Before the surgery, a nurse will access the child's overall pain and comfort. The study team (faculty, anesthesiologist, and resident) will record the blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing duration throughout the procedure. After the child has completed the surgery a nurse will again access the child's overall pain and comfort. Lastly, parents will be contacted that evening of surgery by a member of the study team to check up on the child and will be asked some questions to access the child's comfort at home.
Clonazepam is available as a tablet or an orally disintegrating tablet (wafer). The tablets should be administered with water by swallowing the tablet whole. The orally disintegrating tablet should be administered as follows: After opening the pouch, peel back the foil on the blister. Do not push tablet through foil. Immediately upon opening the blister, using dry hands, remove the tablet and place it in the mouth. Tablet disintegration occurs rapidly in saliva so it can be easily swallowed with or without water.
During the imaging scan subjects will receive an initial 1µg/kg bolus of dexmedetomidine up to a maximum dose of 80 µg, infused through IV over 10 minutes. After the bolus has been administered, a constant infusion of up to 0.6 µg/kg/hr (0.01 µg/kg/min) of dexmedetomidine will be maintained for the remainder of the scan (about 60 minutes).
The invention discloses a double-drug linked assembly unit and a double-drug targeting joint-drug conjugate. In particular to a formula VIThe indicated double drug-linked building blocks, or stereoisomers thereof, or optical isomers thereof. The double-drug linking assembly unit can be connected with a targeting joint to obtain a double-drug targeting joint-drug conjugate molecule shown in a formula I. The double-drug targeting joint-drug conjugate can be targeted on tumor cells, reduce the toxic and side effects on normal cells, and simultaneously can effectively overcome the drug resistance of drugs. And ADC already on the market: compared with DS-8201a, the ADC provided by the invention has obviously improved inhibiting effect on breast adenocarcinoma cells and gastric cancer cells. The double-drug linked assembly unit and the double-drug targeting joint-drug conjugate have wide application prospect in preparing anti-tumor drugs for prevention and/or treatment.
The present invention relates to a method for fabricating a multifunctional preparation of gel for anesthesia and analgesia on the surfaces of skin. The preparation of gel for anesthesia and analgesia is specifically added with a penetrating agent, a pH value regulating agent, an inorganic bactericidal agent, etc. on the basis of local anesthetics of a tetracaine basic group. The system has the advantages of short effect taking time for anesthesia and analgesia, long time effects, strong efficiency for anaesthesia and analgesia, etc. Simultaneously, because of the existence of the inorganic bactericidal agent, medicine can be also used for the positional cleanness and asepsis, and pollution is reduced. The present invention is favorable for clinical operation, and the preparation of gel for anesthesia and analgesia is a high-efficiency, multifunctional and complete preparation for anesthesia and analgesia on the surfaces of skin. The present invention can be widely applied to various kinds of clinical operation of local skin, medical cosmetic surgery, etc.
BACKGROUND: Peripheral Facial Palsy (PFP) is a facial paralysis with various etiologies, including idiopathic causes (Bell's palsy), infections, trauma, and genetic factors. Traditional treatments involve antiviral medications, corticosteroids, and physiotherapy. However, new therapies, such as Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT), are emerging with promising results.
METHODS: This case series reports on two patients with PFP treated with LLLT combined with Vitamin B1, B6, and B12 supplementation. The first case involved a 52-year-old female with PFP due to a viral infection. The second case was a 33-year-old male who developed PFP following a traumatic brain injury. Both patients received LLLT sessions every two weeks, targeting 10 points along the facial nerve pathway from the facial notch across the face. The laser device used was the Theraphy EC (DMC, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil), with each point receiving 4 Joules of energy applied perpendicular to the skin after cleaning the face with water and soap to remove lipids that could interfere. The administration of Vitamin B was done using NEUROBIONTA tablets (Vitamin B1 + Vitamin B6 + Vitamin B12; Procter & Gamble, Santiago, Chile) with one tablet taken daily for 30 days.
RESULTS: After six to seven sessions, both patients showed significant improvement in facial muscle function and overall facial symmetry. In the first case, improvements were noted in muscle tonicity and facial movements, with the patient reporting reduced facial disfigurement. In the second case, notable recovery in facial mobility and symmetry was observed, with the patient experiencing decreased paresthesia and restored muscle functionality.
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that LLLT, combined with Vitamin B1, B6, and B12 supplementation, may effectively improve facial muscle function and symmetry in PFP patients. The non-invasive nature and ease of application make LLLT a viable option for PFP treatment. Further studies with larger sample sizes and standardized protocols are necessary to confirm these results and establish LLLT as a standard treatment for PFP.
In this report, a multiplex PCR method was developed for the detection of three diarrhea-associated viruses in mink, including circovirus (MCV), bocavirus (MBoV), and enteritis virus (MEV). Three compatible sets of primers specific for each virus were designed respectively based on their conserved sequences. After optimization of the crucial factors such as primer concentration and annealing temperature in single and multiple amplification, three specific fragments were simultaneously amplified with the highest sensitivity and specificity in one PCR reaction. The fragments amplified were 259 bp (MCV),455 bp (MBoV) and 671 bp (MEV). The sensibility of this one-step multiplex PCR is about 10 times lower than that of regular singleplex PCR. There were no cross-reactions with some relevant pathogens like mink coronavirus, canine distemper virus, and aleutian mink disease virus. In our study we analyzed viral DNA in mink fecal samples by multiplex PCR assay from China, which revealed the occurrence of MCV, MBoV, and MEV as 3.1 %, 5.7 %, and 9.8 %, respectively. The testing results of multiplex PCR agreed with the singleplex PCR results with a coincidence rate of 100 %. These results indicated that the method could provide technical support for rapid detection of the three diarrhea-associated viruses, and epidemiological investigation of mink viral diarrhea.
Each participant will be assigned a random number which is linked to group assignment. The numbers will be assigned consecutively to participants as they enroll. All caregivers in the treatment group will receive 6 counseling sessions in 4 months, using teleconferencing. The first session will be an individual session. The caregiver will be asked to select family members to participate in the next 4 sessions. The 4 family sessions will be followed by another individual session with the spouse/partner caregiver. The counselor will send the primary caregiver an email to be forwarded to family members with instructions on how to access the TTDC training on using the teleconferencing technology. All caregivers in the control group will be able to call the counselor for resource information and support.
Participants will receive moxibustion combined with lifestyle intervention. Participants will receive the treatment of moxibustion 6 times a week to fulfill a 8-session treatment course,while the intervention of modern lifestyle intervention will be conducted for 12 weeks including the treatment period of 8 weeks and the follow-up period of 4 weeks.