anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Patients receive AZD5305 PO QD on days 1-10 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Within 12-24 hours, patients undergo biopsy or surgery as clinically appropriate per institutional standards for management of patient's disease.
PURPOSE:To provide an external application agent containing alcohol-extract of REISHI (Fomes japonicus, a kind of bracket fungus) crushed with diamond or boron nitride. CONSTITUTION:REISHI (naturally grown mycelia or artificially cultured mycelia) is crushed with diamond or boron nitride in dry state or in a state suspended in alcohol. The crushing is carried out by using a pair of oppositely placed disks, one of which is a stationary disk made of ceramic, etc., and the other is a rotary disk having an abrasing face opposite to the stationary disk and made of diamond or boron nitride and is rotatable with a driving means. The gap between both disks is properly adjusted within 10-200mu according to the properties of the REISHI to be crushed and the feeding rate of the REISHI, etc. The crushed REISHI is extracted with alcohol and the extract is compounded to a base or assistant, etc., of external drug in an amount of 0.1-10wt% based on the whole drug composition. An external drug active to suppress the formation of melanin and giving fair skin can be produced by this process.
The carcinogenic potential of deucravacitinib was assessed in 2-year rat and 6-month rasH2 transgenic mouse studies. No evidence of tumorigenicity was observed in male or female rats that received deucravacitinib at oral doses up to 15 mg/kg/day (51 times the MRHD based on AUC comparison). No evidence of tumorigenicity was observed in male or female Tg.rasH2 mice that received deucravacitinib at oral doses up to 60 mg/kg/day.

Deucravacitinib was not mutagenic in a bacterial mutagenicity assay (Ames test) or clastogenic in an in vitro chromosomal aberration assay (cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells) or in an in vivo rat peripheral blood micronucleus assay.

In male rats, deucravacitinib had no effects on reproductive parameters (mating, fertility, and sperm morphology) or early embryonic development of their offspring at oral doses up to 50 mg/kg/day (224 times the MRHD based on AUC comparison).

In female rats, deucravacitinib had no effects on mating, fertility, or early embryonic parameters at oral doses up to 50 mg/kg/day (171 times the MRHD based on AUC comparison).
This arm will involve more rapid intravenous fluid treatment which will include a second 10cc/Kg bolus of 0.9% saline and assume a 10% fluid deficit. 0.45% saline will be used as the replacement fluid for this arm.
Two serious adverse reactions reported in patients treated with metronidazole have been convulsive seizures and peripheral neuropathy, the latter characterized mainly by numbness or paresthesia of an extremity. Since persistent peripheral neuropathy has been reported in some patients receiving prolonged administration of metronidazole, patients should be specifically warned about these reactions and should be told to stop the drug and report immediately to their physicians if any neurologic symptoms occur.

The most common adverse reactions reported have been referable to the gastrointestinal tract, particularly nausea reported by about 12% of patients, sometimes accompanied by headache, anorexia, and occasionally vomiting; diarrhea; epigastric distress; and abdominal cramping. Constipation has also been reported.

The following reactions have also been reported during treatment with metronidazole:

Crohn's disease patients are known to have an increased incidence of gastrointestinal and certain extraintestinal cancers. There have been some reports in the medical literature of breast and colon cancer in Crohn's disease patients who have been treated with metronidazole at high doses for extended periods of time. A cause and effect relationship has not been established. Crohn's disease is not an approved indication for metronidazole.
The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of coffee to act as a prebiotic to alter gut microbiota and improve mood, memory and cognitive performance. Additional gut-brain axis pathways-related parameters such as inflammation, short chain fatty acids and other metabolites production and physiological stress levels will be explored. Moreover, differences between caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption will be investigated to determine whether observed effects are attributed to caffeine or other coffee components.

To determine the mechanism of action underlying the beneficial effects of coffee, coffee drinkers abstained from coffee and caffeine for a 2-week washout period following the baseline visit. Coffee drinkers further underwent an intervention in which they consumed either 4 sachets (1.8 grams each) of instant caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee per day for 3 weeks of using a double-blind, randomised, parallel design. Reaction time, socioemotional processing, visual and episodic memory, learning, and an attentional task were administered to measure cognitive performance. Self-report questionnaires on mood, behavior and lifestyle were administered and response to an acute stressor was assessed. Biological samples of saliva, urine, blood, and stool were collected to investigate microbiome-gut-brain-axis signaling.
The invention discloses a lactase effervescent tablet and the preparation method. The lactase effervescent tablet is a preparation for improving lactose intolerance. The invention is made by raw material of lactase and excipient, with each tablet containing 10mg-300mg of lactase. The excipient includes acid excipient, alkaline excipient, filling agent, bond and lubricant. The preparation method includes the following steps: 1, the raw material and the exipient are crushed into powder; 2, acid excipient, filling agent and bond along with the raw material are mixed evenly, granulated, dried, granule-completed and then acid granules are well prepared; 3, the rest of alkaline excipient, filling agent and bond are mixed evenly, granulated, dried, granule-completed and then alkaline granules are well prepared; 4, the two granules are mixed, added with essence and bond, mixed evenly, tablet-formed, inspected and passed, packed, and then the lactase effervescent tablet is well prepared. The invention which is of easy preparation method, good stability and convenient administration is particularly applied to the patient with lactose intolerance.
Despite seizure control by early high-dose pyridoxine (vitamin B6) treatment, at least 75% of pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE) patients with ALDH7A1 mutation still suffer from intellectual disability. It points to a need for additional therapeutic interventions for PDE beyond pyridoxine treatment, which provokes us to investigate the mechanisms underlying the impairment of brain hemostasis by ALDH7A1 deficiency. In this study, we show that ALDH7A1-deficient mice with seizure control exhibit altered adult hippocampal neurogenesis and impaired cognitive functions. Mechanistically, ALDH7A1 deficiency leads to the accumulation of toxic lysine catabolism intermediates, α-aminoadipic-δ-semialdehyde and its cyclic form, δ-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate, which in turn impair de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis and inhibit NSC proliferation and differentiation. Notably, supplementation of pyrimidines rescues abnormal neurogenesis and cognitive impairment in ALDH7A1-deficient adult mice. Therefore, our findings not only define the important role of ALDH7A1 in the regulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis but also provide a potential therapeutic intervention to ameliorate the defective mental capacities in PDE patients with seizure control.
An device for the delivery of pills or tablets is described.  The device comprises a main body (3) and a plunger (2).  An upper jaw (4) and a lower jaw (5), are separated by a horizontal slot (11).  The jaws include opposed camming surfaces (19, 21). An opening (20) is provided in the upper jaw so that a pill can be placed into a space in the barrel.  The piston of the plunger then pushes apart the jaws such that the lower jaw flexes downward through which the pill exits.  The piston does not touch the pill.
AIMS: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is elevated in patients with obesity and adipose tissue of obese mice fed high-fat diet (HFD); however, its contribution to the pathophysiology of obesity is not fully understood. Genetic loss of endothelin type B receptors (ETB) improves insulin sensitivity in rats and leads to increased circulating adiponectin, suggesting that ETB activation on adipocytes may contribute to obesity pathophysiology. We hypothesized that elevated ET-1 in obesity promotes insulin resistance by reducing the secretion of insulin sensitizing adipokines, via ETB receptor.
METHODS: Male adipocyte-specific ETB receptor knockout (adETBKO), overexpression (adETBOX), or control littermates were fed either normal diet (NMD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks.
RESULTS: RNA-sequencing of epididymal adipose (eWAT) indicated differential expression of over 5500 genes (p < 0.05) in HFD compared to NMD controls, and changes in 1077 of these genes were attenuated in HFD adETBKO mice. KEGG analysis indicated significant increase in metabolic signaling pathway. HFD adETBKO mice had significantly improved glucose and insulin tolerance compared to HFD control. In addition, adETBKO attenuated changes in plasma adiponectin, insulin, and leptin that is observed in HFD versus NMD control mice. Treatment of primary adipocytes with ET-1 caused a reduction in adiponectin production that was attenuated in cells pretreated with an ETB antagonist.
CONCLUSION: These data indicate elevated ET-1 in adipose tissue of mice fed HFD inhibits adiponectin production and causes insulin resistance through activation of the ETB receptor on adipocytes.
BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE: Ultraviolet-B (UVB) light induces dermal inflammation, although it is mostly absorbed in the epidermis. Recent reports suggest extracellular vesicles (EVs) act as a mediator of photodamage signaling. Melatonin is reported to be a protective factor against UV-induced damage. We hypothesized that EVs derived from UVB-irradiated keratinocytes might trigger proinflammatory responses in dermal cells and tested whether melatonin can ameliorate UVB-induced inflammation.
METHODS: We used UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells, primary keratinocytes and STING knock-out mice to model production of EVs under photodamaging conditions and performed immunoblotting and ELISA to measure their effect on dermal macrophages.
RESULTS: UVB-irradiated keratinocytes produce an increased number of EVs that contain higher concentrations of DNA and protein compared with controls. KC-derived EVs (KEVs) induced a STING- and inflammasome-mediated proinflammatory response in macrophages in vitro, and a pronounced inflammatory infiltrate in mouse dermis in vivo. Melatonin ameliorated KEVs inflammatory effect both in vitro and in vivo.
CONCLUSIONS: This data suggests EVs are mediators in a crosstalk that takes place between keratinocytes and their neighboring cells as a result of photodamage. Further studies exploring EVs induced by damaging doses of UVB, and their impact on other cells will provide insight into photodamage and may help develop targeted therapeutic approaches.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the responses of periodontal environment to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women with or without periodontitis.
BACKGROUND: HRT is a common and effective strategy for controlling menopausal symptoms, while the changes of periodontal environment under it, particularly in postmenopausal women with periodontitis, remain unclear.
METHODS: As a prospective cohort study, a total of 97 postmenopausal women receiving HRT were screened, including 47 with and 50 without periodontitis. Correspondingly, 97 women did not receiving HRT were screened as controls during the same period. The full-mouth sulcus bleeding index (SBI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured using periodontal probes. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the gingival crevicular fluid were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, cone beam computed tomography was performed to measure the alveolar bone height (ABH) and bone mineral density (BMD).
RESULTS: In postmenopausal women without periodontitis, no significantly changes on periodontal parameters were observed after HRT. In women with stage II periodontitis, SBI, BOP, IL-6, and TNF-α were significant decreased after one year and two years of HRT. Compared to the controls, women with stage II periodontitis who underwent HRT had significantly lower CAL and ABH and higher BMD in the second year. The incidence of at least one site with CAL increase ≥1 mm between baseline and 2 years was significantly lower in the HRT group than in the control group in women with stage II periodontitis. In addition, HRT was significantly associated with a decrease in SBI, BOP, IL-6, and TNF-α in the first year and with a decrease in CAL, SBI, BOP, IL-6, and ABH and an increase in BMD in the second year.
CONCLUSIONS: In postmenopausal women with stage II periodontitis, HRT is associated with the alleviation of inflammation within two years and the remission of alveolar bone loss in the second year. HRT appears to decrease the incidence of CAL increase ≥1 mm within 2 years in women with periodontitis by inhibiting inflammation and alveolar bone loss.
This study will be a prospective randomized trial. Thirty subjects with mild to moderate asthma will receive inhaled fluticasone propionate. Fifteen patients will receive low dose inhaled fluticasone 88 mcg twice daily. Fifteen patients will receive inhaled fluticasone 440 mcg twice daily. The primary outcome will be biochemical markers of bone turnover. These will include 1) serum biochemical markers of bone formation \[osteocalcin, bone specific alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and procollagen I C-terminal propeptide (PICP)\] and 2) markers of bone resorption, serum collagen type 1 C-Telopeptide (CTx) urinary N-telopeptide (NTx) and immunoreactive free deoxypyridinoline (iFDpd)\]. Secondary endpoints will include, parathyroid hormone (PTH), Urinary Calcium/creatinine, and adverse events.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled agent exhibiting excellent fibrinolysis promoting activity even by oral administration, synthesizable easily by chemical means, having high stability and preservability, usable constantly with definite quality, and useful for the remedy of thrombosis and embolism, by using a specific adenosine derivative as an active component. CONSTITUTION:The adenosine derivative of formula (R is 1-6C alkyl, 3-7C cycloalkyl or 2-3C lower alkenyl) or its pharmacologically permissible acid addition salt, e.g. adenosine-5'-carboxylic acid N-sec-butylamide, adenosine-5'-carboxylic acid N-2-propenylamide, etc. is used as an active component. The compound is prepared in the form of tablet, powder, injection, etc. in combination with carrier, assistant, etc., and is used for the remedy of thrombosis and embolism such as peripheral arterial and venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, coronary artery embolism, myocardinal infarction, cerebrovascular embolism, retinal embolism, etc. Dose: preferably 5mug-300mg of active component per 1kg body weight daily.
The present invention concerns a system and method for quality assured analytical testing which comprises an analytical instrument for conducting analytical testing. The analytical instrument has an input section for determining an actual user of the instrument and is adapted to run a testing routine. The system further comprises an examination module which is programmed to conduct an exam during which it prompts questions to the user which relate to the analytical instrument and/or a diagnostic test to be conducted therewith and receives answers from the user to the questions. The examination module further evaluates the answers and determines if the user has passed the exam. If this is the case it transmits a user certificate to the analytical instrument. The analytical instrument is being programmed to check if a user certificate for the actual user is available and grants access to the testing routine only if a user certificate is available.
People with single-sided deafness (SSD) or asymmetric hearing loss (AHL) have particular difficulty understanding speech in noisy listening situations and in sound localization. The objective of this multicenter study is to evaluate the effect of a cochlear implant (CI) in adults with single-sided deafness (SSD) or asymmetric hearing loss (AHL), particularly regarding sound localization and speech intelligibility with additional interest in electric-acoustic pitch matching. A prospective longitudinal study at 7 European tertiary referral centers was conducted including 19 SSD and 16 AHL subjects undergoing cochlear implantation. Sound localization accuracy was investigated in terms of root mean square error and signed bias before and after implantation. Speech recognition in quiet and speech reception thresholds in noise for several spatial configurations were assessed preoperatively and at several post-activation time points. Pitch perception with CI was tracked using pitch matching. Data up to 12 months post activation were collected. In both SSD and AHL subjects, CI significantly improved sound localization for sound sources on the implant side, and thus overall sound localization. Speech recognition in quiet with the implant ear improved significantly. In noise, a significant head shadow effect was found for SSD subjects only. However, the evaluation of AHL subjects was limited by the small sample size. No uniform development of pitch perception with the implant ear was observed. The benefits shown in this study confirm and expand the existing body of evidence for the effectiveness of CI in SSD and AHL. Particularly, improved localization was shown to result from increased localization accuracy on the implant side.
A 9-year-old girl presented to our neurosurgery clinic complaining of visual disturbances for a week. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an extensive sellar lesion with suprasellar involvement and compression of the optic chiasm. Based on these findings, a cystic craniopharyngioma, a pituitary macroadenoma and - less likely - a Rathke's cleft cyst were considered as differential diagnoses. In view of the progressive loss of vision, the parents agreed to resection of the lesion through an endoscopic endonasal transtubercular approach, with the aim of a gross total resection. Microscopic examination revealed that the lesion was cystic, surrounded by an epithelium that was partly composed of columnar ciliated cells with interspersed mucous cells and partly had a flattened appearance. The observed findings were complex to interpret: if, on the one hand, the clinical-surgical and neuroradiologic data suggested a craniopharyngioma, this hypothesis was not supported by the microscopic data, because the presence of columnar ciliated epithelium associated with mucous cells was a microscopic feature inconsistent with a craniopharyngioma and was instead consistent with a Rathke's cleft cyst, a histologic diagnosis that was made. The incidence of Rathke's cleft cyst, which mimics clinical and neuroradiologic aspects of craniopharyngiomas, is extremely unusual, as only 2 cases have been described in the literature.
The study will enrol 2 SS populations: Population 1 will include participants with moderate to high systemic disease activity defined by European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI) \>= 5; Population 2 will include participants with moderate to severe subjective symptoms defined by EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI) score \>= 5 and residual stimulated salivary flow but with mild systemic disease activity defined by ESSDAI score \< 5. This study will include 3 periods: screening (4 weeks), treatment period (40 Weeks) and follow-up period (12 weeks). In the treatment period, participants from each of the populations will be randomized at 1:1 ratio to receive intravenous (IV) dose of VIB4920 or placebo (Stage I). After completion of Stage I, participants randomized to VIB4920 in Stage I will receive placebo and participants randomized to placebo in Stage I will receive VIB4920 (Stage II). Participants who had study drug discontinuation will not be eligible for treatment during Stage II. All participants will be followed for at least 12 weeks after their last dose of study drug administration.

Study acquired from Horizon in 2024.
This is a double blind, cross over, randomized clinical trial. 35 volunteers will stop mechanical supragingival biofilm removal measures for 96h following a complete scaling and polishing of the tooth surfaces. During this period they will be asked to rinse for a minute a Solution containing chlorhexidine and alcohol or a solution with chlorhexidine alcohol-free or placebo. Every 24h the presence of deposits will be registered with special attention to the presence of a plaque free zone between the apical border of the deposits and the gingival margin. Absence of deposits is scored 0, presence of deposits and plaque free zone =1 and presence of deposits and absence of plaque free zone =2 (MALISKA, A. N. et al. Measuring early plaque formation clinically. Oral health preventive dentistry, v. 4, p. 273-278, 2006). The prevalence of scores and the rate of changes from scores 0 and 1 into 2 will be evaluated for significance. Sample size was calculated taking the results from the study o MALISKA, AN (2006) as reference.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: : Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is the only well-established and widely used agent for dissolving gallstones. Epidemiological and animal studies have suggested potential therapeutic benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for dissolving cholesterol gallstones. We evaluated whether adding PUFA to UDCA improves gallstone dissolution in patients with cholesterol gallstones.
METHODS: : This randomized, prospective, preliminary clinical trial compared the efficacy and safety of UDCA plus PUFA combination therapy (combination group) with those of UDCA monotherapy (monotherapy group). The inclusion criteria were a gallstone diameter ≤15 mm on ultrasonography, radiolucent stones on plain X-ray, and no to mild symptoms. Gallstone dissolution rates, response rates, and adverse events were evaluated.
RESULTS: : Of the 59 screened patients, 45 patients completed treatment (24 and 21 in the monotherapy and combination groups, respectively). The gallstone dissolution rate tended to be higher in the combination group than in the monotherapy group (45.7% vs 9.9%, p=0.070). The radiological response rate was also significantly higher in the combination group (90.5% vs 41.7%, p=0.007). In both groups, dissolution and response rates were higher in patients with gallbladder sludge than in those with distinct stones. Four adverse events (two in each group) were observed, none of which were study drug-related or led to drug discontinuation. The incidence of these adverse events was similar in both groups (combination vs monotherapy: 9.5% vs 8.3%, p=0.890).
CONCLUSIONS: : UDCA plus PUFA therapy dissolves cholesterol gallstones more effectively than UDCA monotherapy, without significant complications. Further prospective, large-scale studies of this combination therapy are warranted.