anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A hybrid polypeptide composed of an identification peptide and a desired functional protein are produced by recombinant DNA techniques. A DNA expression vector is constructed that includes segments of DNA coding for the identification peptide and the desired functional protein. The identification peptide consists of a highly antigenic N-terminal portion and a C-terminal linking portion that connects the identification peptide to the N-terminal of the functional protein. The linking portion of the identification peptide is cleavable at a specific amino acid residue adjacent the functional protein by use of a sequence specific proteolytic enzyme or chemical proteolytic agent. The hybrid polypeptide expressed by the host cells transformed by the cloning vector is removed therefrom and purified by affinity chromatography techniques by use of an immobilized ligand specific to the antigenic portion of the identification peptide. The protein is then cleaved from the isolated hybrid polypeptide with an appropriate proteolic enzyme or chemical agent, thereby releasing the mature functional protein in highly purified, highly active state.
Remifentanil, an ultra-short acting opioid, is widely used in the patients undergoing surgery. However, extensive studies report that remifentanil,administered at 0.2ug/kg/min or 0.4ug/kg/min intraoperatively, can result in postoperative hyperalgesia and increase the consumption of analgesics when compared with low dose (0.05ug/kg/min). However, a recent experimental study shows that large dose of remifentanil can inhibit pain hypersensitivity through erasing the spinal sensitization of pain. The present study thus hypothesizes that higher dose of remifentanil (1.2ug/kg/min) may attenuate postoperative pain. The present study will compare the effect of two different dose of remifentanil (0.2ug/kg/min and 1.2ug/kg/min) on postoperative pain. Patients undergoing thyroidectomy will be recruited, and mechanical threshold will be measured in the remote region of surgical site preoperatively. The patients will be randomly divided by two groups, 0.2ug/kg/min (group I) and 1.2ug/kg/min (group II). After operation, mechanical threshold and visual analogue scale (VAS) will be measured as the indicators of postoperative pain. The consumption of morphine will also be compared between these two doses of remifentanil.

The present study may find optimized dose of opioid usage in the patients undergoing surgery to relieve the postoperative pain.
Pre-operative consent forms for study participation will be reviewed with all families at the time of the pre-operative visit. Screening will be performed at the time of evaluation in the emergency room. Patients will be assigned to a particular group based on the surgeon that performs their surgery. Each surgeon at the onset of the study will commit to one technique of operative management with the understanding that this technique may be abandoned by the surgeon in any case where it is felt to be inadequate. Changing technique will be considered a failure of the technique. Data regarding the treatment will be collected from the chart and x-rays at the time of treatment and at follow up visits in the orthopedic office.
With an aging population worldwide, it is critical to develop effective interventions promoting healthy cognitive aging. A key component of healthy cognition is intact working memory, an executive neural process holding information temporarily. With increasing age, working memory capacity decreases and is associated with a loss of independence, thus incentivizing the need to retain a healthy working memory capacity. In addition to facilitating healthy aging, developing a method that improves working memory could help those diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD), which is currently is the 6th leading cause of death in the US and has an annual economic burden of $305 billion.

A potential approach to improve working memory is transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), a noninvasive brain stimulation method using scalp electrodes to deliver low electrical currents of 2 milliamps (mA) over the cortical target. While some prior studies have shown that prefrontal tES can improve working memory in older adults, there are small meta-analytic effect sizes and no FDA-approved indications to date. These mixed results could be due to applying one-size-fits-all and suboptimal tES parameters. In this study, the investigators will test the effects of personalized parameters, including dosing, electrode positioning, and waveforms compared to standard tES and placebo.
OBJECTIVE: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) primarily affects preterm, especially small for gestational age (SGA), infants. This study was designed to (1) describe frequency and timing of NEC in SGA versus non-SGA infants and (2) assess whether NEC is independently associated with the severity of intrauterine growth failure.
STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of infants without severe congenital malformations born <33 weeks' gestational age (GA) carried out from 2009 to 2021. The frequency and time of NEC were compared between SGA and non-SGA infants. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess whether NEC was independently associated with intrauterine growth restriction. Severe growth restriction was defined as birth weight Z-score <  -2.
RESULTS: Among 2,940 infants, the frequency of NEC was higher in SGA than in non-SGA infants (25/268 [9.3%] vs. 110/2,672 [4.1%], respectively, p < 0.001). NEC developed 2 weeks later in SGA than non-SGA infants. In multivariate analysis, the adjusted odds of NEC increased with extreme prematurity (<28 weeks' GA) and with severe but not moderate growth restriction. The adjusted odds of NEC increased with urinary tract infection or sepsis within a week prior to NEC, were lower in infants fed their mother's own milk until discharge, and did not change over five epochs. NEC was independently associated with antenatal steroid (ANS) exposure in infants with birth weight (BW) Z-score < 0.
CONCLUSION: NEC was more frequent in SGA than in non-SGA infants and developed 2 weeks later in SGA infants. NEC was independently associated with severe intrauterine growth failure and with ANS exposure in infants with BW Z-score < 0.
KEY POINTS: · We studied 2,940 infants <33 weeks' GA.. · We assessed NEC.. · NEC was more frequent in SGA infants.. · NEC occurred 2 weeks later in SGA infants.. · NEC was associated with severe growth restriction..
Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) comprises drug administration into an intravenous drip with a small dose given each time a woman presses a button, giving her control over her own pain relief. The pump is programmed to ensure that the maximum dose allowable is within the safe range. This form of delivery of pain relief matches the drug dose to pain sensation within the relevant time frame, which is not possible using a single dose intramuscular injection. Whilst PCA is in widespread use for acute pain relief it has only a limited role in obstetrics. The most common drug given by PCA is morphine, however, since it has a long duration of action and crosses the placenta, the potential for accumulation in the foetus and consequent neonatal sedation at delivery restricts its utility (within obstetrics) to contexts where neonatal status is not relevant, such as intra-uterine foetal death or foetal abnormality incompatible with survival.

Remifentanil is a novel synthetic opioid with a very rapid onset (blood-brain equilibration 1.2-1.4 minutes) and short duration of action (context specific half-life 3 minutes), giving it an analgesic profile which potentially makes it ideal for providing pain relief over 1-2 uterine contractions after a single intravenous dose. It is subject to rapid redistribution and metabolism by non-specific blood and tissue esterases negating the potential for accumulation in mother or foetus. Administration of remifentanil by PCA has been investigated in several small studies in comparison to pethidine and shown to provide useful, although not complete, pain relief in labour.10-12 Thus far, there is no evidence of detrimental neonatal effects in comparison to other opioids.
Itraconazole was found to cause a dose-related increase in maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity, and teratogenicity in rats at dosage levels of approximately 40 to 160 mg/kg/day (5 to 20 times the MRHD), and in mice at dosage levels of approximately 80 mg/kg/day (10 times the MRHD). Itraconazole has been shown to cross the placenta in a rat model. In rats, the teratogenicity consisted of major skeletal defects; in mice, it consisted of encephaloceles and/or macroglossia.

There are no studies in pregnant women. Itraconazole should be used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections in pregnancy only if the benefit outweighs the potential risk.

Itraconazole should not be administered for the treatment of onychomycosis to pregnant patients or to women contemplating pregnancy. Itraconazole should not be administered to women of childbearing potential for the treatment of onychomycosis unless they are using effective measures to prevent pregnancy and they begin therapy on the second or third day following the onset of menses. Highly effective contraception should be continued throughout itraconazole therapy and for 2 months following the end of treatment.

During post-marketing experience, cases of congenital abnormalities have been reported. (See ADVERSE REACTIONS: Post-marketing Experience.)
Ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract has been recently employed as definitive treatment of anal fistulas. However, it carries a potential risk of continence impairment, fistula recurrence, and repeated operations. This study aimed to assess postoperative outcomes related to this procedure and evaluate the potential influence of preoperative and intraoperative features. Patients who underwent LIFT procedure between June 2012 and September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided according to whether they developed fistula recurrence and on the history of a surgery prior to the LIFT. Preoperative features, postoperative outcomes, and risk factors adverse outcomes were analyzed. Forty-eight patients were included, of which 25 received primary LIFT, being the high transsphincteric fistula pattern the most frequent (62.5%). The median follow-up was 13.3 months, with a recurrence rate of 20.8%, of which the majority presented an intersphincteric fistula pattern (50%); and continence impairment rate of 16.7%. A higher prevalence of diabetes (p = 0.026) and a trend towards a higher prevalence of patients with a history of high transsphincteric fistula (0.052) were observed in the group with fistula recurrence. The history of diabetes and the operation time with a cut-off value ≥ 69 min showed a trend as a risk factors for developing fistula recurrence (0.06) and postoperative continence impairment (0.07), respectively. The LIFT procedure seems to be safe in terms of morbidity, with a reasonable incidence of recurrences, showing better results when it is primarily performed. Preoperative characteristics should be considered as they may impact outcomes.
Patients in this condition will receive Usual Care (UC) and be provided a unique code and password to access Stand Down. The app is based on principles of motivational enhancement and cognitive-behavioral therapies and comprises 7 modules organized around 4 goals: 7 modules organized around 4 goals: (i) Enhance awareness of drinking patterns (assessment and personalized feedback), (ii) Establish and monitor progress towards drinking goal - i.e., moderation or abstinence, (iii) Manage cravings and other problems using in-the-moment tools, and (iv) Connect users with other types of support. App usage will be tracked by the research team for the duration of the study (32 weeks).
PCT No. PCT/JP93/01802 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 11, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 11, 1995 PCT Filed Dec. 13, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO95/16637 PCT Pub. Date Jun. 22, 1995Ultrafine iron-containing rutile type titanium dioxide particles useful for UV shielding cosmetics, pharmaceutical compositions and UV shielding paints are disclosed. They are rutile type crystalline titanium dioxide particles having an average single particle size of 0.01 to 0.1  mu m and containing an iron component at a concentration of 1 to 15% by weight as expressed as Fe based on the titanium dioxide in the crystalline structure. They can be produced by using a fine titania sol comprising rutile crystallites as basic particles, precipitating iron oxide or hydrated iron oxide onto the surfaces of the titania particles to effect coating, then firing and grinding.
In contemporary practice for people with HIV, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become an important comorbidity. T2DM is 1.5 times more common in people with HIV than the general population. Among those with T2DM, people with HIV have greater risk for weight gain, lower diet quality, and higher hemoglobin A1c. All of this puts people with HIV and T2DM at substantial risk for complications, including chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and premature mortality. Food insecurity, "lack of access to enough food for an active, healthy life", is a major contributor to this risk. Food insecurity is 2 to 3 times more common among people with HIV than the general population. Food insecurity is associated with both worse T2DM control and more T2DM complications.

Medically tailored meal home delivery programs relieve food insecurity for people with HIV. Medically tailored meals emerged to treat food insecurity among those with AIDS in the 1990's. Medically tailored meal programs deliver fully prepared meals, tailored by a registered dietitian to an individual's medical needs. Although HIV care has changed, medically tailored meal interventions for people with HIV have not kept pace. Most medically tailored meal programs do not provide the intensive lifestyle intervention needed to counter the health threats seen in modern HIV care. These threats include the metabolic effects of anti-retroviral medications, chronic inflammation, aging, and obesogenic environments. For these reasons, it is critical to test new models of medically tailored meal for people with HIV.

The investigators has developed a medically tailored meal intervention that combines meal delivery with an evidence-based lifestyle intervention designed to improve weight loss and diabetes self-management. The goal for this project is to test whether this medically tailored meal intervention can lead to improvements in weight, hemoglobin A1c, and in patient-reported outcomes such as food insecurity, quality of life, and diabetes distress, compared with a standard medically tailored meal intervention.

Thus, the investigators propose a randomized comparative effectiveness trial to assess a community-based medically tailored meals intervention (n=200). It will be conducted among diverse participants with HIV and T2DM or high risk for T2DM, referred for medically tailored meals. Adults with hemoglobin A1c less than 12.0%, and BMI ≥ 23 kg/m\^2 will be enrolled and randomly assigned to intervention or standard medically tailored meals. The intervention group will receive meal delivery and intensive lifestyle intervention for 12 months, while the comparison group will receive meal delivery along with standard nutrition education for 12 months. Outcomes will be assessed at 6, 12, and 18 months. The primary outcome is weight at 6 months. Secondary outcomes include hemoglobin a1c, food security, quality of life, and diabetes distress.
The heterogeneity and complexity of symptom presentation, comorbidities and genetic factors pose challenges to the identification of biological mechanisms underlying complex diseases. Current approaches used to identify biological subtypes of major depressive disorder (MDD) mainly focus on clinical characteristics that cannot be linked to specific biological models. Here, we examined multimorbidities to identify MDD subtypes with distinct genetic and non-genetic factors. We leveraged dynamic Bayesian network approaches to determine a minimal set of multimorbidities relevant to MDD and identified seven clusters of disease-burden trajectories throughout the lifespan among 1.2 million participants from cohorts in the UK, Finland, and Spain. The clusters had clear protective- and risk-factor profiles as well as age-specific clinical courses mainly driven by inflammatory processes, and a comprehensive map of heritability and genetic correlations among these clusters was revealed. Our results can guide the development of personalized treatments for MDD based on the unique genetic, clinical and non-genetic risk-factor profiles of patients.
As monotherapy ceralasertib will be given at a starting dose of 160 mg two times per day (BID), on days 1-14 of a 28-day cycle for participants who are BAF250a negative or show an ATM-Mutation by CLIA assay. Treatment will continue until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or participant withdrawal from study, whichever occurs first.
The present invention relates to genetic mutations in the corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG) gene or to aberrant CBG expression products, which segregate with at least one condition selected from hypotension or a fatigue related disorder. The invention also relates to methods for detecting such mutations or expression products, as a diagnostic for said at least one condition, either before or after the onset of clinical symptoms. More specifically, the present invention provides a method for detecting the presence or diagnosing the risk of at least one condition selected from hypotension or a fatigue related disorder by determining the presence of at least one mutation in the sequence of a CGB gene or of an aberrant CBG expression product, which correlates with the presence or risk of said at least one condition. The present invention also encompasses a method of detecting genetic mutations or aberrant expression products, which cause a predisposition to at least one condition selected from hypotension or a fatigue related disorder, by first determining the sequence of a CGB gene or expression product thereof from subjects known to have said at least one condition and comparing the sequence to that of wild-type CBG genes or wild-type CBG expression products to thereby identify said mutations or aberrant expression products. The invention is also concerned with isolated nucleic acid sequences, which correspond, or which are complementary, to at least a portion of a CBG gene or transcript thereof, wherein the sequences contain a mutation or aberration, which correlates with the presence or risk of said at least one condition. The invention further relates to isolated mutant or aberrant CBG polypeptides encoded by mutant CBG genes or by aberrant transcripts thereof. The invention also relates to use of functional CBG polynucleotides, functional CBG polypeptides and glucocorticoids in methods for treating or preventing one or more of said conditions.
Obesity is a global public health issue, with limited epidemiologic studies on the relationship and mechanisms between organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) and metabolic obesity phenotypes (MOPs). We aimed to explore the link between OPFRs metabolite (m-OPFRs) and MOPs using a combined epidemiologic and bioinformatic approach. We used cross-sectional survey data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2018) to analyze the relationship between m-OPFRs and metabolic health obesity (MHO), as well as metabolic unhealthy obesity (MUO). The dataset encompasses eligible adults to assess the impact of individual, mixed, and mediated effects on the outcome variables through multivariate logistic regression, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), and mediation analysis. Multiple logistic regression models, stratified by tertiles of exposure showed that bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP) levels in the body significantly increased the risk of MHO, with OR and 95%CI of 1.454 (1.082, 1.953) for the second tertile (T2) and 1.598 (1.126, 2.268) for the third tertile (T3), compared to the first tertile (T1). Increased levels of BDCIPP in T3 (1.452(1.013, 2.081)) are associated with MUO, compared to T1. Mixed m-OPFRs and MHO risk in BMKR were positively correlated, with BDCIPP being the primary contributor. We found that the serum uric acid (SUA) and white blood cell count (WBC) indicators significantly mediated the association between BDCIPP and MHO (P < 0.05). Our study suggests that OPFRs, either individual or mixed, are associated with two distinct MOPs, with oxidative stress playing an important role. In addition, in silico analysis was used to screen for shared genes, and eight shared genes and eleven biological pathways identified during the screening process were used to construct the adverse outcome pathway, which suggests that exposure to OPFRs may activate the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathway, thereby increasing the risk of obesity. Further studies are needed to validate our findings.
BACKGROUND: Opalski syndrome, a subtype of lateral medullary syndrome (LMS), poses challenges due to its diverse clinical presentations and potential atypical symptoms. Understanding its epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and outcomes is crucial for optimizing patient care.
METHODS: A systematic review, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, was conducted to comprehensively analyze Opalski syndrome. Data from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were included, with the search conducted in May 2023. Eligible studies spanned from included case reports, case series, and editorial letters.
RESULTS: In the final analysis of 80 studies from 1984 to 2024, a total of 96 patients were evaluated. The analysis revealed a male predominance (76.60 %) with a male-to-female ratio of 3.1:1. Common risk factors included hypertension (63.54 %), diabetes mellitus (32.29 %), smoking (32.39 %), and alcohol consumption (22.91 %). Opalski syndrome cases were reported in 22 countries across 5 continents, with Asia being the most prevalent region (77.08 %). Initial presentations commonly included ataxia or positive finger-to-nose and knee-to-heel tests, dizziness or vertigo, hemiparesis, nystagmus, Horner's sign, and 5th or 7th cranial nerve palsy, all occurring in more than 50 % of cases. Neuroimaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) were crucial for diagnosis. Despite a mortality rate of 4.16 %, no deaths have been reported since 2014, indicating advancements in clinical management.
CONCLUSION: Targeted risk factor management, early recognition of symptoms, and utilization of advanced neuroimaging techniques are essential for optimizing patient outcomes. Clinicians must remain informed about Opalski syndrome to enhance diagnostic accuracy and tailor treatment strategies.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an aggressive interstitial lung disease associated with progressive and irreversible deterioration of respiratory functions that lacks curative therapies. Despite IPF being associated with a dysregulated immune response, current antifibrotics aim only at limiting fibroproliferation. Transcriptomic analyses show that the P2RX7/IL18/IFNG axis is downregulated in IPF patients and that P2RX7 has immunoregulatory functions. Using our positive modulator of P2RX7, we show that activation of the P2RX7/IL-18 axis in immune cells limits lung fibrosis progression in a mouse model by favoring an antifibrotic immune environment, with notably an enhanced IL-18-dependent IFN-γ production by lung T cells leading to a decreased production of IL-17 and TGFβ. Overall, we show the ability of the immune system to limit lung fibrosis progression by targeting the immunomodulator P2RX7. Hence, treatment with a small activator of P2RX7 may represent a promising strategy to help patients with lung fibrosis.