anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PCT No. PCT/EP92/02793 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 13, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 13, 1994 PCT Filed Dec. 3, 1992 PCT Pub. No. WO93/12182 PCT Pub. Date Jun. 24, 1993Luster pigments based on multiply coated plateletlike silicatic substrates, obtainable by further coating substrates already coated with a first layer comprising a colorless or selectively absorbing metal oxide a) initially with a second, nonselectively absorbing layer consisting essentially of carbon, a metal or a metal oxide, and b) if desired subsequently with a third layer comprising colorless or selectively absorbing metal oxide, wherefor the carbon layer (step a) is applied by thermal decomposition of oxygen-containing hydrocarbons that for every two carbon atoms contain at least one oxygen atom, the metal layer (step a) is applied by gas phase decomposition of volatile compounds of these metals in an inert gas, and the metal oxide layer (step a and/or b) is applied by gas phase decomposition of volatile compounds of these metals in the presence of oxygen, water vapor or mixtures thereof to the substrates coated in case a) with a first metal oxide layer and in case b) additionally with a nonselectively absorbing layer a), and also specific pigments and preparation and use of the luster pigments for coloring paints, printing inks, plastics, decorative cosmetic preparations, glasses and ceramic products.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound shown by formula I [X is nitro, halogen, cyano, etc.; Y is H or halogen; R<1> is CH3, methyl wherein one or two H are replaced with OH, OCH3, etc., or aldehydo; R<2> is 3-6C straight-chain hydrocarbon group containing one or two double or triple bond (in conjugated state) or group wherein phenyl group is bonded to end of the straight-chain hydrocarbon group]. EXAMPLE:4-(2-Nitrophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarbo xylic acid 3-methyl ester 5-cinnamyl ester. USE:A drug having high hypotensive action, late maximum pressure drop reaching time and long duration time of hypotensive action. PREPARATION:For example, a compound shown by formula II (Z is OH or acid residue of active ester) is reacted with an alcohol shown by formula III. This reaction is carried out in the presence of a dehydrating condensation agent and optionally in the presence of a base in an inert solvent in the case wherein Z is OH to give a compound shown by formula I.
Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis are the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases in dermatology. Due to genetic predispositions, inflammatory changes of the skin occur. The specific mechanisms are only partly understood for both diseases and targeted therapies are established in psoriasis therapy and are becoming available for atopic dermatitis. In order to better understand the course of the disease and to characterize the changes in the inflammatory mechanisms during the course of the disease and under the influence of external factors such as therapies, longitudinal prospective studies are needed to evaluate clinical data and biological samples. This study investigates long-term clinical and epidemiological data from affected patients, as well as biological samples, including blood samples, skin biopsies, non-invasive skin swabs for microbiome detection, and tape strips for the molecular characterization of the disease. Data collection and biosampling will be done during routine visits, typically at week 0, 2, 12 and 52.
Current methodology used to investigate how shifts in brain states associated with regional cerebral blood volume (CBV) change in deep brain areas, are limited by either the spatiotemporal resolution of the CBV techniques, and/or compatibility with electrophysiological recordings; particularly in relation to spontaneous brain activity and the study of individual events. Additionally, infraslow brain signals (<0.1 Hz), including spreading depolarisations, DC-shifts and infraslow oscillations (ISO), are poorly captured by traditional AC-coupled electrographic recordings; yet these very slow brain signals can profoundly change CBV. To gain an improved understanding of how infraslow brain signals couple to CBV we present a new method for concurrent CBV with wide bandwidth electrophysiological mapping using simultaneous functional ultrasound imaging (fUS) and graphene-based field effect transistor (gFET) DC-coupled electrophysiological acquisitions. To validate the feasibility of this methodology visually-evoked neurovascular coupling (NVC) responses were examined. gFET recordings are not affected by concurrent fUS imaging, and epidural placement of gFET arrays within the imaging window did not deteriorate fUS signal quality. To examine directly the impact of infra-slow potential shifts on CBV, cortical spreading depolarisations (CSDs) were induced. A biphasic pattern of decreased, followed by increased CBV, propagating throughout the ipsilateral cortex, and a delayed decrease in deeper subcortical brain regions was observed. In a model of acute seizures, CBV oscillations were observed prior to seizure initiation. Individual seizures occurred on the rising phase of both infraslow brain signal and CBV oscillations. When seizures co-occurred with CSDs, CBV responses were larger in amplitude, with delayed CBV decreases in subcortical structures. Overall, our data demonstrate that gFETs are highly compatible with fUS and allow concurrent examination of wide bandwidth electrophysiology and CBV. This graphene-enabled technological advance has the potential to improve our understanding of how infraslow brain signals relate to CBV changes in control and pathological brain states.
Intravenous fluid administration was administered as soon as possible following randomization (not to exceed 12 hours prior to anticipated contrast exposure) and continued for 12 hours post CT. Medication packages were prepared and dispensed by pharmacy and included three premixed and prepackaged minibags containing either 5 g in 100 cc D5W (pre-CT dose) or 2.5 g in 50 cc D5W (post-CT doses). The placebo was D5W and was colour and consistency matched by pharmacy. Patients randomized to placebo received intravenous normal saline plus 3 doses of placebo.
Fibrosis is associated with respiratory and limb muscle atrophy in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Current standard of care partially delays the progression of this myopathy but there remains an unmet need to develop additional therapies. Adiponectin receptor agonism has emerged as a possible therapeutic target to lower inflammation and improve metabolism in mdx mouse models of DMD but the degree to which fibrosis and atrophy are prevented remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the recently developed slow-release peptidomimetic adiponectin analog, ALY688-SR, remodels the diaphragm of murine model of DMD on DBA background (D2.mdx) mice treated from days 7-28 of age during early stages of disease. ALY688-SR also lowered interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA but increased IL-6 and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) protein contents in diaphragm, suggesting dynamic inflammatory remodeling. ALY688-SR alleviated mitochondrial redox stress by decreasing complex I-stimulated H2O2 emission. Treatment also attenuated fibrosis, fiber type-specific atrophy, and in vitro diaphragm force production in diaphragm suggesting a complex relationship between adiponectin receptor activity, muscle remodeling, and force-generating properties during the very early stages of disease progression in murine model of DMD on DBA background (D2.mdx) mice. In tibialis anterior, the modest fibrosis at this young age was not altered by treatment, and atrophy was not apparent at this young age. These results demonstrate that short-term treatment of ALY688-SR in young D2.mdx mice partially prevents fibrosis and fiber type-specific atrophy and lowers force production in the more disease-apparent diaphragm in relation to lower mitochondrial redox stress and heterogeneous responses in certain inflammatory markers. These diverse muscle responses to adiponectin receptor agonism in early stages of DMD serve as a foundation for further mechanistic investigations.NEW & NOTEWORTHY There are limited therapies for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. As fibrosis involves an accumulation of collagen that replaces muscle fibers, antifibrotics may help preserve muscle function. We report that the novel adiponectin receptor agonist ALY688-SR prevents fibrosis in the diaphragm of D2.mdx mice with short-term treatment early in disease progression. These responses were related to altered inflammation and mitochondrial functions and serve as a foundation for the development of this class of therapy.
In the TIVA-TCI group anaesthesia is induced with propofol 6 microg ml-1 and remifentanyl 0.4-1 microg kg-1 min, simultaneously administered using two separate modules of a continuous computer-assisted TCI system. Anaesthesia is maintained with propofol 4 microg ml-1 and remifentanil 0.25 microg Kg-1 min. This infusion is modified by 0.05 microg kg-1 min steps according to analgesic needs.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication that develops in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Fortunately, sight-threatening forms of DR develop only after several decades of DM. This well-documented resilience to DR suggests that the retina is capable of protecting itself from DM-related damage and also that accumulation of such damage occurs only after deterioration of this resilience. Despite the enormous translational significance of this phenomenon, very little is known regarding the nature of resilience to DR. Rodent models of DR have been used extensively to study the nature of the DM-induced damage, i.e., cardinal features of DR. Many of these same animal models can be used to investigate resilience because DR is delayed from the onset of DM by several weeks or months. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the literature describing the use of rodent models of DR in type-1 and type-2 diabetic animals, which most clearly document the delay between the onset of DM and the appearance of DR. These readily available experimental settings can be used to advance our current understanding of resilience to DR and thereby identify biomarkers and targets for novel, prevention-based approaches to manage patients at risk for developing DR.
Depression is a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, disturbed sleep or appetite, low energy, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, and poor concentration. The lifetime prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in community samples is 10-25% for women and 5-12% for men. Depression may become chronic or recurrent and lead to substantial impairments in an individual's ability to take care of his or her everyday responsibilities. At its worst, depression may lead to suicide. Depression is recurrent in 75-80% of patients and becomes chronic in 15-20% of depressed patients.

The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have become the leading class of antidepressants throughout the world. The efficacy and safety of SSRIs in the treatment of depression has been demonstrated in several clinical trials. With respect to safety, the studies show an advantage for the SSRIs over the older antidepressants. If the prescribing physicians are to make a well-founded judgement in their choice of drug factors like efficacy, safety, quality of life, and health economics must be taken into consideration. The primary aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of escitalopram with that of the serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) duloxetine in the treatment of MDD.
Potassium Chloride Extended-Release Capsules, USP, 10 mEq are oral dosage forms of microencapsulated potassium chloride containing 750 mg of potassium chloride USP equivalent to 10 mEq of potassium.

Dispersibility of potassium chloride (KCl) is accomplished by microencapsulation and a dispersing agent. The resultant flow characteristics of the KCl microcapsules and the controlled-release of K+ ions by the microcapsular membrane are intended to avoid the possibility that excessive amounts of KCl can be localized at any point on the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract.

Each crystal of KCl is microencapsulated by a process with an insoluble polymeric coating which functions as a semi-permeable membrane; it allows for the controlled-release of potassium and chloride ions over an eight-to-ten-hour period. Fluids pass through the membrane and gradually dissolve the potassium chloride within the micro-capsules. The resulting potassium chloride solution slowly diffuses outward through the membrane. Potassium Chloride Extended-Release Capsules, USP, 10 mEq are electrolyte replenishers. The chemical name of the active ingredient is potassium chloride and the structural formula is KCl. Potassium chloride USP occurs as a white, granular powder or as colorless crystals. It is odorless and has a saline taste. Its solutions are neutral to litmus. It is freely soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol.

The inactive ingredients are ethylcellulose, gelatin, sodium lauryl sulfate and triethyl citrate.
The safety and effectiveness of PEGASYS for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection were assessed in three randomized, open-label, active-controlled clinical studies. All subjects were adults, had compensated liver disease, detectable hepatitis C virus (HCV), liver biopsy diagnosis of chronic hepatitis, and were previously untreated with interferon. All subjects received therapy by subcutaneous injection for 48 weeks, and were followed for an additional 24 weeks to assess the durability of response. In studies 5 and 6, approximately 20% of subjects had cirrhosis or bridging fibrosis. Study 7 enrolled subjects with a histological diagnosis of cirrhosis (78%) or bridging fibrosis (22%).

In Study 5 (n=630), subjects received either ROFERON-A (interferon alfa-2a) 3 MIU three times a week, PEGASYS 135 mcg once weekly or PEGASYS 180 mcg once weekly. In Study 6 (n=526), subjects received either ROFERON-A 6 MIU three times a week for 12 weeks followed by 3 MIU three times a week for 36 weeks or PEGASYS 180 mcg once weekly. In Study 7 (n=269), subjects received ROFERON-A 3 MIU three times a week, PEGASYS 90 mcg once weekly or PEGASYS 180 mcg once each week.

In all three studies, treatment with PEGASYS 180 mcg resulted in significantly more subjects who experienced a sustained response (defined as undetectable HCV RNA [less than 50 IU/mL] using the COBAS AMPLICOR ®HCV Test, version 2 and normalization of ALT on or after study week 68) compared to treatment with ROFERON-A. 

In Study 5, response to PEGASYS 135 mcg was not different from response to 180 mcg. In Study 7, response to PEGASYS 90 mcg was intermediate between PEGASYS 180 mcg and ROFERON-A.

Matched pre- and post-treatment liver biopsies were obtained in approximately 70% of subjects. Similar modest reductions in inflammation compared to baseline were observed in all treatment groups.

Of the subjects who did not demonstrate either undetectable HCV RNA or at least a 2 log 10drop in HCV RNA titer from baseline by 12 weeks of PEGASYS 180 mcg therapy, 2% (3/156) achieved a sustained virologic response [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)] . 

Averaged over Study 5, Study 6, and Study 7, response rates to PEGASYS were 23% among subjects with viral genotype 1 and 48% among subjects with other viral genotypes. The treatment response rates were similar in men and women.
Consumption of Brassica vegetables (which include broccoli, cabbage, and kale) is inversely associated with the incidence of several cancers, including cancers of the lung, stomach, liver, colon, rectum, breast, endometrium, and ovaries. Brassica vegetables are a good source of many nutrients including glucosinolates and carotenoids. Glucosinolates are sulfur-containing compounds that are converted to bioactive metabolites by an enzyme called myrosinase, which is released when the vesicles containing myrosinase are ruptured by chewing or cutting. These bioactive compounds are considered to be active agents for cancer prevention. Their ability to reduce risk of cancer may derive in part from their ability to modulate foreign-substance metabolizing enzymes, which include enzymes called Phase I cytochrome P450s and Phase II enzymes. Carotenoids may also have a role in cancer prevention and other health benefits including reducing age-related macular degeneration, and therefore merit research to reveal factors that affect their presence in the body.

The primary aim of this study is to investigate how various preparations of broccoli impact levels of these healthful nutrients in humans.
Sitagliptin 100 mg once daily for 24 weeks. Participants will continue pre-study gliclazide or glimepiride with or without metformin for ≥10 weeks before and throughout the study. All participants will receive placebo during run-in period.
EBV-positive inflammatory follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (EBV+ inflammatory FDCS) is a rare neoplasm almost exclusively located in the spleen or liver. It is characterized by a proliferation of EBV-positive spindle-shaped cells bearing follicular dendritic cell markers, associated with an abundant lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. EBV+ inflammatory FDCS is often asymptomatic or responsible for mild symptoms. It usually displays an indolent course and its prognosis is excellent after tumor removal, although relapsing and metastatic forms exist. Herein, we describe an aggressive form of splenic EBV+ inflammatory FDCS in a 79-year-old woman presenting with abdominal pain, deterioration of general health status, major inflammatory syndrome, and symptomatic hypercalcemia. A splenectomy was performed leading to a rapid improvement in her clinical condition and normalization of laboratory abnormalities. Unfortunately, her symptoms and laboratory abnormalities reappeared 4 months later. Computed tomography showed a mass in the splenectomy site and multiple liver and peritoneal nodules. Further analyses were performed on tumor tissue and showed positive phospho-ERK staining of tumoral cells indicating activation of MAPK pathway. Inactivating mutations were found on CDKN2A and NF1 genes. Subsequently, the patient's condition deteriorated rapidly. Since interleukin-6 levels were dramatically increased, tocilizumab was used but only had a transient effect on the patient's symptoms and inflammatory syndrome. Antitumor agent gemcitabine was initiated but her clinical condition continued to deteriorate and the patient died 2 weeks later. The management of aggressive forms of EBV+ inflammatory FDCS remains challenging. However, since these tumors seem to display genetic alterations, better characterization could lead to molecular targeted therapies.
BACKGROUND: The value of prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in gastrectomy remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the predictive value of PNI in patients undergoing gastrectomy for malignancy.
METHODS: We retrieved studies from medical literature databases to analyze the endpoints of overall survival, cancer-specific survival, recurrence-free survival, and clinicopathologic features. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to access the survival prognostic value of PNI in patients after gastrectomy. Odds ratio and mean difference were used to evaluate the relationship between the low PNI and clinicopathologic features.
RESULTS: In total, we included 38 articles (39 trial comparisons) which contained 23,756 gastrectomy patients. The results showed that low PNI was associated with shorter overall survival (HR: 1.82, 95% CI 1.62-2.03), shorter cancer-specific survival (HR: 1.44, 95% CI 1.24-1.67), and shorter recurrence-free survival (HR: 2.52, 95% CI 1.41-4.47). Besides, patients with low PNI had a higher risk of postoperative complications compared with high PNI (HR: 1.65, 95% CI 1.30-2.09). And low PNI group was found to be related to older, lower BMI, larger tumor size, deeper tumor invasion, poorer differentiation, more advanced tumor stage, total gastrectomy, and the presence of lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion, and vessel invasion.
CONCLUSION: PNI was significantly associated with survival and postoperative complications of gastric cancer patients undergoing gastrectomy. Therefore PNI has the potential to be a prognostic predictor for gastrectomy.
Patients were postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive breast cancer. All patients should be 3 or 4 point of total Allred score.
Anticoagulant polypeptides (I) of the annexin family, labelled with a detectable marker are new. Also new are compsns.  contg. (I) plus auxiliaries. (I) is esp. VAC (vascular anticoagulant protein) and suitable markers include fluorescein isothiocyanate, a radioisotope (esp. 131- or 125-iodine) or a paramagnetic contrast agent. (I), which can be administered intravenously or intraarterially, are formulated with physiological saline, 'Tween 80', arginine and/or phosphate buffer. The compsn. may also include an anticoagulant, esp. heparin, which has no effect on plasma Ca concn. USE/ADVANTAGE - At the Ca concn. present in plasma, (I) will bind to phosphatidyl serine (PS, a component of the inner layer of plasma membranes) but not to phosphating choline (PC, a component of the outer layer), so can be used to identify sites in the vascular system where PS has been exposed. Specifically (I) are used to determine sites of haemostatic activation and/or thrombus formation and also to detect (at an early stage) prothrombotic states.
A multi-layered polyurethane foam dressing with cooling properties for use in body cavities, on damaged tissues, particularly burns, or for cosmetic use. The dressing includes:  1)  an optional outer layer of either a hydrogel formulated from a polyurethane or an adhesive elastomeric material;  2)  a hydrophilic polyurethane foam layer;  3)  a non-adherent surface-contacting cooling layer of a polyurethane hydrogel; and,  4)  an optional protective cover-sheet. An interposed liquid transfer control may be used at a layer interface. The dressing can be in various shapes and sizes (e.g., cylindrical, oval, etc. or flat sheets). A secondary wrapping dressing may be applied to secure the dressing. The contact surface may be channeled to enhance fluid distribution.
Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below 1 month of age have not been established.

Animal Data   
Lacosamide has been shown in vitro to interfere with the activity of collapsin response mediator protein-2 (CRMP-2), a protein involved in neuronal differentiation and control of axonal outgrowth. Potential related adverse effects on CNS development cannot be ruled out. Administration of lacosamide to rats during the neonatal and juvenile periods of postnatal development (approximately equivalent to neonatal through adolescent development in humans) resulted in decreased brain weights and long-term neurobehavioral changes (altered open field performance, deficits in learning and memory). The no-effect dose for developmental neurotoxicity in rats was associated with a plasma lacosamide exposure (AUC) less than that in humans at the maximum recommended human dose of 400 mg/day. 

Pediatric use information is approved for UCB, Inc.’s VIMPAT® (lacosamide) injection. However, due to UCB, Inc.’s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that pediatric information.
Dosing of oral veliparib (200 mg) began 2 days prior to the start of FOLFIRI and continued twice a day (BID) for a total of 7 consecutive days. At the discretion of the Investigator, bevacizumab (5 mg/kg) could be administered intravenously (IV) immediately preceding FOLFIRI. Modified FOLFIRI was administered as irinotecan 180 mg/m\^2 (90-minute infusion ± 30 minutes); leucovorin 400 mg/m\^2 (90-minute infusion ± 30 minutes); and saline bolus (up to 15-minute infusion) immediately followed by fluorouracil 2400 mg/m\^2 (46-hour continuous infusion ± 4 hours) starting on Day 1 of each 14-day cycle.
Maximum 4 milliAmp (mA) per channel of HD-tDCS treatment for 20 minutes, for 10 sessions. Total mA dose determined by individualized computational models.