anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Developmental delays are frequently encountered among young children and disproportionately affect impoverished minority children leading to disparities in early child development. To promote healthy child development, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) mandated early intervention (EI) services be made available to young children with delays, but only half of at-risk children initiate and complete EI services. As a result, many at-risk children may not receive needed services to improve their development. To foster initiation and completion of EI services, Investigators developed the Opening Doors to Early Intervention Program, a patient navigation intervention based on the Health Belief Model and targeted to at-risk urban minority children. An initial pilot study among at-risk children demonstrated feasibility and generated promising results. Therefore, this Community-Based Participatory Research application proposes to test the effectiveness of this program in a single urban county using a randomized trial design. The specific aims are to 1) determine the effectiveness of the Opening Doors to early Intervention Program on child developmental status and EI referral and services use, 2) assess whether parent engagement in early intervention mediates the effects of the program, and 3) explore whether the home learning environment, parental health literacy, and poverty moderate the effects of the program. This application addresses health disparities in early childhood by testing an intervention designed to improve participation rates in EI among urban minority children and their families on measures of early child development and EI services use. Three to four primary care pediatric clinics that provide care to this diverse urban community will be recruited to participate. Three hundred sixty children who are less than 30 months of age and have been identified as developmentally at-risk and referred for EI services at participating clinics will be randomized to receive the Opening Doors to Early Intervention Program or usual care. Urban minority parents who have previously participated in EI services will be trained as patient navigators to provide education, motivation, and assistance for families with initiation and completion of EI referrals and services. Clinicians and Child Find staff will provide usual care consisting of developmental screening and referrals without assistance. Information on participant demographic characteristics, health literacy, and the home learning environment at baseline; parent engagement and EI referral and services completion at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months; and child development at 12 months will be collected during scheduled study visits. Differences in outcomes between intervention and control participants will be compared using intention-to-treat analysis. Findings from this comparative effectiveness study can be disseminated to similar large urban counties across the U.S. to inform Child Find and EI procedures and address disparities in early child development.
Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common childhood-onset disability. The evolution of gait according to severity is well known amongst children and thought to peak between 8 and 12 years of age among those walking without assistive devices. However, among adults, clinical experience as well as scientific studies report, through clinical assessments, questionnaires and interviews, increasing walking difficulties leading to an increased dependency of assistive devices in everyday ambulation. For many individuals with CP, this change will occur around 30-40 years, with the risk of losing mobility increasing with age. This narrative review aims to first provide objective evidence of motor function and gait decline in adults with CP when ageing, and then to offer mechanistic hypotheses to explain those alterations. Many studies have compared individuals with CP to the typically developing population, yet the evolution with ageing has largely been understudied. Comorbid diagnoses comprise one of the potential determinants of motor function and gait decline with ageing in people with CP, with the first manifestations happening at an early age and worsening with ageing. Similarly, ageing appears to cause alterations to the neuromuscular and cardiovascular systems at an earlier age than their typically developing (TD) peers. Future studies should, however, try to better understand how the physiological particularities of CP change with ageing that could pave the way for better strategies for maintaining function and quality of life in people with CP.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To use materials safe to the living body and to suppress the coagulation, flocculation and deactivation of blood pharmaceuticals by a simple operation by forming fatty acid ester films between the blood pharmaceuticals and air and preserving the blood pharmaceuticals. SOLUTION: A blood coagulation first factor (fibrinogen) soln. which is dissolved in 0.9wt.% saline soln. and has a concn. of 2.7mg/ml is put at 5ml into a test tube. Fatty acid glyceride (C8 satd. trifatty acid glyceride: tricaprylin) is superposed at 1.5ml on the upper layer of the soln. so as to creep from the flank of a vessel by means of a syringe to form the film. A platelet washing liquid (prepd. by suspending the platelet into a 0.9wt.% saline soln.) is prepd. from fresh goat blood (contg. 1/10vol. sodium citrate of 3.8wt.% as an anticoagulant).  This platelet washing liquid (the concn. of the platelet is 6.4×10<6> cells/ml) is put at 7ml into a glass vessel of 13ml volume subjected to a silicon treatment and the fatty acid glyceride of 1.5ml is superposed on the upper layer thereof so as to creep from the flank of the vessel by means of the syringe, by which the film is formed.
RATIONALE: Dyspnea and cough are frequent symptoms in ILD patients. The management of these symptoms is challenging, and evidence-based therapies are lacking.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of an online Mindfulness-Based Intervention (eMBI) on reducing dyspnea in patients affected by different ILDs.
METHODS: This study was a prospective, open-label, controlled trial that included patients ≥18 years and a modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale score of ≥ 1. Patients were randomized into either the eMBI or the control group (CG) for 8 weeks. The primary outcome was the change in the dyspnea mMRC scale. The Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ), King's Brief Interstitial Lung Disease (K-BILD) questionnaire, and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were performed before and after the eight weeks. All analyses were conducted on an intention-to-treat basis. The study was registered at the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC), RBR-3s4mf9y.
RESULTS: 24 patients in the eMBI and 25 in the CG completed the intervention. In the eMBI group, compared to the control group, there was a greater proportion of patients with a reduction in dyspnea according to the mMRC scale score (48.9 % versus, 15.4 %, p = 0.001). There was no significant difference between the groups in the LCQ (p = 0.666), or in the K-BILD (p = 0.108), depression (p = 0.08), or anxiety (p = 0.869 or stress (p = 0.789). No moderate or severe adverse events were observed in either group.
CONCLUSIONS: Eight weeks eMBI is a potentially viable and safe approach, that can help manage dyspnea in ILD patients.
The Heel Moisturizing Patch invention solves the problem of dehydrated skin on the heel of the human foot. The Patch is made of a flexible material that is coated with a pressure-sensitive adhesive. The Patch has a non-adhesive area or pad made from foam or other materials in the center. Said pad has been treated with lotion formulations and/or compositions, medications, etc. The Patch stays on the foot by using pressure-sensitive adhesive that sticks to the heel. By leaving the Patch on for a predetermined amount of time, the skin is allowed to rehydrate and remains protected from outside elements. The Patch is particularly adapted at holding creams or other medicaments in direct contact with the skin. Said method is very effective and promotes healing faster than by simply the application of creams and the like to the skin surface in the usual manner in which they are quickly worn away when there is no protective covering for them.
The quality of life of patients with Parkinson's disease and their caretakers is mainly influenced by so called non-motor symptoms. This includes neuropsychiatric consequences of the disease like depression and sleeping problems. The incidence of depressed mood in patients with Parkinson is approximately 50%, the incidence for sleeping problems is 90%. These symptoms are often overlooked and even if recognized, inadequately treated. The treatment of mood and sleep disturbances in Parkinson patients is hampered by adverse effects, incomplete responses to the usual treatments and the absence of specific treatment options for these symptoms in Parkinson's disease. On the basis of the hypothesis of disturbed functioning of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in Parkinson's disease it is expected that stimulation of this nucleus by bright light therapy will result in improved functioning on multiple different domains: mood, sleep, motor functions, quality of life and circadian rhythms. Because there are virtually no side effects and the possibility of home treatment, light therapy is expected to be highly appreciated by the patients.
Follow up the patients for three months after surgery using the designed table. If the patient evaluate the pain no more than 3 points according the Numerical Rating Scale, then it can be considered that the patient doesn't have chronic pain.
BACKGROUND: Albumin is used commonly across a wide range of clinical settings to improve hemodynamics, to facilitate fluid removal, and to manage complications of cirrhosis. The International Collaboration for Transfusion Medicine Guidelines developed guidelines for the use of albumin in patients requiring critical care, undergoing cardiovascular surgery, undergoing kidney replacement therapy, or experiencing complications of cirrhosis.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Cochairs oversaw the guideline development process and the panel included researchers, clinicians, methodologists, and a patient representative. The evidence informing this guideline arises from a systematic review of randomized clinical trials and systematic reviews, in which multiple databases were searched (inception through November 23, 2022). The panel reviewed the data and formulated the guideline recommendations using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology. The guidelines were revised after public consultation.
RESULTS: The panel made 14 recommendations on albumin use in adult critical care (three recommendations), pediatric critical care (one recommendation), neonatal critical care (two recommendations), cardiovascular surgery (two recommendations), kidney replacement therapy (one recommendation), and complications of cirrhosis (five recommendations). Of the 14 recommendations, two recommendations had moderate certainty of evidence, five recommendations had low certainty of evidence, and seven recommendations had very low certainty of evidence. Two of the 14 recommendations suggested conditional use of albumin for patients with cirrhosis undergoing large-volume paracentesis or with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Twelve of 14 recommendations did not suggest albumin use in a wide variety of clinical situations where albumin commonly is transfused.
INTERPRETATION: Currently, few evidence-based indications support the routine use of albumin in clinical practice to improve patient outcomes. These guidelines provide clinicians with actionable recommendations on the use of albumin.
For the proposed pilot study, a primary objective will be to determine the usability of and satisfaction with a virtual weight loss support program incorporating home-based goal-tracking technology (e.g., home weighing, activity monitoring). FitLinxx, Inc. has been selected to partner in the proposed research as they offer a weight scale (ActiScaleTM) and activity monitor (PebbleTM) that can transmit collected data to a secure patient portal website (ActiHealth.com) via state-of-the-art wireless data transmission technology. In addition to viewing their device data on this patient portal website, program participants will be able to communicate as desired with other weight loss surgery patients though a chat room feature on the patient portal website, and will also be invited to participate in activity and weight loss challenges on the website (e.g., weekly step count challenges, weekly percent excess weight loss challenges). E-mail will be used as a means of virtual social exchange between patients and providers, as opposed to the synchronous, face-to-face support groups at the hospital. The virtual patient support program and goal-tracking technology described above provide a novel, scalable and cost effective model of patient support that is associated with minimal patient burden.

This will be a four-month pilot study of the virtual patient support program described above and will enroll a total of 24 pre-surgical patients recruited from the Weight Loss Surgery (WLS) program at Baystate Medical Center (BMC) who are scheduled to have weight loss surgery within four to six weeks of enrollment. The final target sample size is 18, which reflects a goal of six patients of each surgical type (e.g., roux-en-Y gastric bypass \[RNY\], laparoscopic gastric banding \[LGB\], laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy \[LSG\]), with three in each group randomized to receive the intervention and three randomized to the control group. Eligible patients must have a computer with Internet access in their home (to transmit device data and view the patient portal website), and must weigh less than 420 pounds at baseline (due to the 440-pound limit of our weight scale and to allow for some weight gain between the baseline research visit and the date of surgery). The sample size and recruitment period are feasible given the approximately 400 patients having weight loss surgery at Baystate every year (estimate based on figures from 2006-2010).
The intervention consists of 8 sessions provided over 10 weeks. Counseling commences 4 weeks before quitting smoking. Participants will also receive the nicotine patch for 6 weeks starting on the day of quit date.
OBJECTIVES: Caregiver burden often goes unrecognised and can substantially affect caregivers' physical, psychological and financial well-being, thereby impacting quality of care. This study investigates burden among caregivers of children with chronic medical conditions in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. The study aims to assess the extent of burden, explore influencing factors and recommendations for interventions.
DESIGN: Mixed-methods study, comprising of an in-person paper-based survey, employing the Zarit Burden Interview scale to assess burden scores. Qualitative component included thematic analysis of semi-structured in-depth interviews with caregivers.
PARTICIPANTS: 383 caregivers of children admitted to the inpatient paediatric services at our tertiary care centre were surveyed. In-depth interviews were conducted with 19 caregivers.
RESULTS: The survey revealed a mean burden score of 35.35±15.14, with nearly half of the participants (46%, n=177) experiencing mild burden, while 37% (n=140) reporting moderate-to-severe burden. The most common diagnosis was cancer (24%, n=92), while the highest burden (42.97±15.47) was noted for congenital cardiac disease. Greater burden was significantly associated with lower caregiver education, young age of the child at diagnosis and increased number of hospital visits (p<0.05). Caregivers highlighted financial strain, psychosocial effects and impact on lifestyle and relationships as key challenges. They emphasised the need for improved medical coordination, financial support and enhanced hospital services.
CONCLUSIONS: The study elucidates the multifaceted nature of caregiver burden in the context of paediatric chronic illnesses in Pakistan. Interventions should emphasise financial aid, educational support and development of system-level changes to improve access to resources and medical care coordination. These insights call for policy and practice integration to support caregivers effectively.
Depression and anxiety symptoms are common during pregnancy and are estimated to affect 7% - 20% of pregnant women, constituting significant risks for mothers and babies. Depression and anxiety may disturb the intrauterine environment by affecting the mother's physiological responses to stress, and ultimately impair fetal and postnatal development. Increasing evidence shows that prenatal exposure to maternal depression and anxiety is associated with several lifelong adverse outcomes in children, including physical health problems, emotional and behavioral difficulties, and low verbal IQ.

Such maladaptive outcomes are thought to have a neurobiological basis and there is increasing evidence about the effects of maternal distress on young brain tissue leading to some structural changes. However, what is more important is that the neurological footprints of these structural changes on the young brain can be caught early in life. The neurological status of infants can be determined early in life by video assessment of General Movements (GMs) quality. In this study at the age of 3 months, a video assessment of the quality of GMs will be performed to evaluate neurologic conditions.
To facilitate product development, such as drug development, a computer-implemented method and apparatus are presented that enable formulators to develop robust drug formulations in a cost and time efficient manner. To begin the development process, the user selects a preferred dosage form (e.g., granules, pills, capsules, tablets, etc.), defines a target profile (e.g., amount of active ingredient per unit, dosage size, mechanical strength of dosage, desired release behavior, etc.), and inputs key characteristics of the active ingredient (e.g., true density, particle size distribution data, bulk and tap densities, angle of repose, compressibility and compactibility profiles, etc.). The identity (e.g., chemical name or structure) of the active ingredient need not be disclosed. The device processes the data provided and calculates the key parameters of the AI (e.g., particle size, powder density, powder flowability and tabletability). Similar key parameters were calculated for common pharmaceutical excipients and stored in the device. The device then selects all relevant excipients and recommends the appropriate manufacturing process. If the predicted properties meet a defined target profile, the combination of active ingredient and excipient qualifies as a pharmaceutical formulation. The following aspects may be considered: solubility and permeability of the active ingredient, dissolution rate of the active ingredient, probability of passing content uniformity criteria, flowability of the powder mixture, tabletability of the powder mixture, mechanical strength and size of the tablet, compatibility of the active ingredient with excipients, and the like.
The utility model discloses an acupuncture needle coated with a medicinal membrane layer, which is composed of a needle handle and a needle body. The utility model has the essential point that the outer surface of the needle body is coated with the medicinal membrane layer. When the utility model is used, an acupuncture point is acupunctured by the needle; meanwhile, medicine is loaded into a human body through the outer surface of the body of the acupuncture needle and the medicinal membrane layer is directly absorbed by the acupuncture point of a human body. The effect that the needle, the medicine and moxibustion jointly act on a human body is generated while needle acupuncture is carried out. The selection of the medicinal membrane layer coating the needle body can aim at a population disease kind or a single disease kind. For instance, the selection of the medicinal membrane layer can aim at the treatment of the disease of hyperosteogeny straitness of vertebrae, myosarcoma in a superficial position, etc. Clinical tests indicate that the utility model has the advantages of novel structure, quick therapeutic effects, enhanced effects of acupuncture therapy, no needling manipulation at acupuncture time, little pain feeling, etc.
The present research advances the science of sexual assault prevention by creating a mutually beneficial partnership between well-established sexual assault prevention researchers and a CDC Rape Prevention and Education Program (RPE)-funded community agency to conduct a rigorous experimental evaluation of universal primary prevention programming designed to reduce sexual aggression among high school boys. The present research tests multi-session prevention programming that targets change at multiple levels of the social ecology (i.e., individual-, peer- and community-level) through social norms theory and bystander education. Specifically, the present research evaluates Your Voice Your View. Your Voice Your View was developed and is currently administered in Rhode Island High Schools by the CDC RPE-funded agency Day One of Rhode Island. The program will be tested in a group randomized cluster trial among 10th graders at 30 high schools, with the aim of reducing perpetration of sexual aggression among high school boys.

Specifically, this research will conduct a randomized controlled trial with a sample of 10th grade students to demonstrate efficacy of the intervention in reducing rates of sexual aggression among high school boys, rates of dating violence involvement, and related risk and protective factors over a 2- and 6-month follow-up in comparison to a wait-list control group. Thirty schools will be matched on demographic characteristics (i.e., % receiving subsidized lunch, racial/ethnic minority enrollment) and randomized to receive Your Voice Your View or to the wait-list control group.
Florexa is a prescribed medication applied to the skin for the reduction of unwanted facial hair in women.   
There are no studies examining the inhibition of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) in human skin following the application of topical eflornithine. However, there are studies in the literature that report the inhibition of ODC activity in skin following oral eflornithine. It is postulated that topical eflornithine hydrochloride irreversibly inhibits skin ODC activity. This enzyme is necessary in the synthesis of polyamines. Animal data indicate that inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase inhibits cell division and synthetic functions, which affect the rate of hair growth. Eflornithine hydrochloride Cream 13.9% has been shown to retard the rate of hair growth in non-clinical and clinical studies.
PURPOSE: Provided is a composition which activates gut immunity and contains, as an active ingredient, high molecular weight of polysaccharides separated from a water extract of orange peel. The high molecular weight of polysaccharides have anticancer effect and activates gut immunity. Therefore it is effectively used as diet and functional foods or pharmaceutical compositions. CONSTITUTION: A water extract of orange peel is obtained in methanol under refluxing to produce a insoluble fraction. The insoluble fraction is dissolved in water and precipitated in ethanol to produce crude polysaccharides. Thereafter, the crude polysaccharide are ultra filtered to produce polysaccharides having a molecular weight of 100,000Da or more. The polysaccharides are subjected to an anion exchange resin column with a 0.2mol sodium chloride solution and then obtained active fractions are subjected to gel filtration chromatography having a separation capacity of 10,000 to 1,000,000.