anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Mendelian randomization method is a powerful tool in epidemiological research. The core idea is to use genetic variation as a tool to assess the causal relationship between risk factors and specific diseases. Confounding factors are important interference factors for causal inference in epidemiological studies, and genetic variation in Mendelian randomization studies follows the principle of random distribution of alleles to offspring, which is similar to randomized controlled trials. Mendel 's randomization method can effectively avoid the confounding factors, reverse causality in observational studies and the representativeness and feasibility of randomized controlled trials. Previous observational studies have reported a relationship between negative emotions and upper gastrointestinal disease. However, whether this relationship is causal remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the causal relationship between negative emotions and upper gastrointestinal diseases using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Three sets of genetic instruments from the database were obtained for analysis, including 12 anxiety-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 46 depression-related SNPs, and 58 nervous-related SNPs. SNPs were filtered using the Phenoscanner website, and the inverse variance weighted method, weighted median method, MR-Egger regression, MR pleiotropy residual sum, and outlier test were used for analysis. In inverse variance weighted analysis, anxiety and depression had an effect on gastroduodenal ulcer (p = 2.849×10-3, β = 4.908, 95% CI = 1.684-8.132; and p = 6.457×10-4, β = 1.767, 95% CI = 0.752-2.782, respectively). Additionally, depression had an effect on diseases of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum (p = 3.498×10-5, β = 0.926, 95% CI = 0.487-1.364). Cochran's Q-derived p-values were 0.457, 0.603, and 0.643, and MR-Egger intercept-derived p-values were 0.697, 0.294, and 0.362, respectively. Here, we show that anxiety and depression have a causal relationship with gastroduodenal ulcers, and depression has a causal relationship with diseases of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
Patients will cycle or walk/run four intervals of four-min at high intensity with the aim to reach 80-90% of peak oxygen consumption, 90-95% of peak heart rate, 15-17 Borg scale, shortness of breath). Each interval is separated by a three-min active recovery, at 50-60% of peak oxygen consumption or 70-75% of peak heart rate. Total exercise time will be 38 min including the warm-up and cool-down.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of methylphenidate (Concerta ®) in patients with 22q11DS. Outcome is evaluated based on changes in clinical and cognitive measures as well as brain connectivity (with magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography). Treatment benefits are evaluated in an intra-subject design, i.e. performance with/without treatment are compared for each patient. Depending on medication history and current psychostimulant medication, participants are included either in the consumer group (composed of participants with ongoing methylphenidate treatment) or in the naïve group (composed of participants naïve to the molecule). To the naive participants the investigators prescribe a 13-day treatment of Concerta ® at a weight-adjusted dose of 0.7 mg/kg). The treatment phase begins with a lower introductory dose for the first 5 days before moving on to the weight-adjusted dose. The effect of treatment on cognitive measures is assessed on day 6, with memory monitoring on days 7 and 13. The treatment effect evaluated using clinical measures and questionnaires was conducted at the end of the treatment phase to ensure multiple opportunities for observation by the participant and caregivers. For consumer participants, the procedure was similar. For visits with methylphenidate, participants will be asked to take their usual prescription. In order to best follow the procedure of the naïve group, for the visits without methylphenidate, the consumer participants were asked to interrupt their usual prescription for 13 days. Since many participants usually interrupt their treatment during vacations or sometimes on weekends, compliance is not a barrier. For methylphenidate-free visits, a 5-day break prior to assessment with cognitive measures will be requested from each participant. Again, in order to ensure several opportunities for observation for the participant and caregivers, assessments with clinical measures and questionnaires will be conducted at the end of the break, on day 13.

The research hypothesis of this study is that methylphenidate treatment has a beneficial effect on clinical and cognitive performance. Scores in the tests evaluating these areas are expected to be significantly better than when the tests were administered in the absence of the substance. A change in brain connectivity is also expected when the drug is taken, tending towards a "normalization" of brain connectivity. Finally, to find the link between changes in cognitive measures and changes in brain connectivity is investigated.
Snoring is a major problem, affecting 40 million Americans. The disease affects patient and partner sleep quality as well as daytime function. Snoring treatment is limited by device compliance (mouth appliance, positive airway pressure) and insurance does not regularly pay for these devices. Surgical treatment for snoring has mixed results. As a result, there is an important need to develop new treatments for snoring.

The study team is seeking a novel treatment for snoring involving local application of a nerve stimulant medication, neostigmine. In this study, neostigmine will be injected into 5 sites of the soft palate during a standard procedure, drug-induced sleep endoscopy, to evaluate the effect on snoring. If successful, development of a topical (non-injectable) version of this drug will be considered, so that the patient can apply him/herself before bedtime.
The investigators will collect outcome data from neonatal clinical records at two additional representative hospital sites in Zimbabwe over a 6 month period (sample size \~1200), to inform our sample size calculation for a full evaluation at scale in the future. Individual level data will be collected retrospectively from Bindura Provincial Hospital and Parirenyatwa Hospital (1/4/2021 to 01/10/2021 or beyond depending on sample size).
INTRODUCTION: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) constitute approximately 74% of global mortality, with 77% of these deaths occurring in low-income and middle-income countries. Tanzania exemplifies this situation, as the percentage of total disability-adjusted life years attributed to NCDs has doubled over the past 30 years, from 18% to 36%. To mitigate the escalating burden of severe NCDs, the Tanzanian government, in collaboration with local and international partners, seeks to extend the integrated package of essential interventions for severe NCDs (PEN-Plus) to district-level facilities, thereby improving accessibility. This study aims to estimate the cost of initiating PEN-Plus for rheumatic heart disease, sickle cell disease and type 1 diabetes at Kondoa district hospital in Tanzania.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will employ time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) to quantify the capacity cost rates (CCR), and capital and recurrent costs associated with the implementation of PEN-Plus. Data on resource consumption will be collected through direct observations and interviews with nurses, the medical officer in charge and the heads of laboratory and pharmacy units/departments. Data on contact times for targeted NCDs will be collected by observing a sample of patients as they move through the care delivery pathway. Data cleaning and analysis will be done using Microsoft Excel.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval to conduct the study has been waived by the Norwegian Regional Ethics Committee and was granted by the Tanzanian National Health Research Ethics Committee NIMR/HQ/R.8a/Vol.IX/4475. A written informed consent will be provided to the study participants. This protocol has been disseminated in the Bergen Centre for Ethics and Priority Setting International Symposium, Norway and the 11th Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences Scientific Conference, Tanzania in 2023. The findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals for use by the academic community, researchers and health practitioners.
The test is sequenced using Illumina high-throughput sequencers and accompanying kits. Conduct preliminary quality control on the samples, and the tumor cell content of the tissue samples shall not be less than 30%. Tissue DNA was extracted from tumor tissue samples according to the instructions of the QIAGEN DNA extraction kit. Samples qualified for quality control shall be arranged for further library construction. The extracted DNA samples were sequentially purified by fragment purification, terminal repair, splicing, fragment size selection, PCR amplification, product purification, library enrichment, and library product quality control. After qualified quality control, the constructed library was sequenced by Illumina matching kit. Bioinformatics analysis would be conducted.
Methods and systems related to clinical studies are disclosed. For example, the system may comprise a memory storing study data for a particular clinical study. The study data may be stored in a plurality of languages. The system may also comprise an encoder which may be configured to receive an identifier associated with the particular clinical study and one or more identifiers identifying portions of the study data and encode a tag with the identifier associated with the particular clinical study and identifiers identifying portions of the study data, a printer which may be configured to print text and/or graphics on a label and a processor. The label has the tag. In response to the tag being read by a terminal, the processor is configured to transmit the portions of the study data identified by the one or more identifiers in a language associated with the portions after authentication.
The invention relates to a drug for treating polycystic ovarian syndrome. The drug is prepared from 9 parts by weight of cistanche, 30 parts by weight of Curculigo orchioides, 6 parts by weight of curcuma tuber, 8 parts by weight of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 6 parts by weight of Daphne odora Thumb., 5 parts by weight of cassia bark and 9 parts by weight of motherwort. Cistanche has effects of tonifying kidney and yang and boosting essence and blood. Curculigo orchioides has effects of invigorating spleen and kidney. Curcuma tuber has effects of acting liver and heart meridians, clearing away the heart-fire and relieving depression. Bighead atractylodes rhizome has effects of invigorating spleen and tonifying qi. Daphne odora Thumb. has effects of invigorating the circulation of blood and removing stasis. Cassia bark has effects of tonifying fire and helping yang, igniting to return a source, and warming meridians and dredging channels. Motherwort has effects of invigorating blood circulation and regulating menstruation. Through synergism of the above drugs, the drug has effects of tonifying kidney and supporting yang, invigorating spleen and resolving depression, and invigorating blood circulation and regulating menstruation and can treat polycystic ovarian syndrome.
The utility model relates to a far infrared self-heating medicine magnetic plaster, which belongs to the medical care articles, and the far infrared self-heating medicine magnetic plaster has the combined effects of far infrared therapy, medication and magnetic therapy which are conducted on acupuncture points or living acupuncture points. The utility model is composed of a heating body, a far infrared fabric, a medical magnetic strip, a soluble plaster, etc. The utility model is characterized in that the far infrared fabric serves as the lining of the heating body; the medical magnetic strip is embedded on the middle part of the far infrared fabric, with plaster arranged around; the plaster and the magnetic strip are arranged on the same plane surface; a medical rubberized fabric with low sensibility, which has good biocompatibility and moisture permeability, is arranged on the outer layer of the heating body; the heating body is a disposal chemical substance which can generate heat as meeting the air after a vacuum package being unsealed. The utility model integrates the external application, the thermal application, the moxibustion, the plaster, etc. of the traditional Chinese medicine and has a combination of the far infrared therapy, the medication and the magnetic therapy. With the advantages of noticeable therapeutic effects, small size, compact structure, elegant appearance, and convenience for carrying, the utility model is an ideal medical care product for a hospital and a family.
OBJECTIVES: Stability of concentrations of urinary stone-related metabolites was analyzed from samples of recurrent urinary stone formers to assess necessity and effectiveness of urine acidification during collection and storage.
METHODS: First-morning urine was collected from 20 adult calcium-stone forming patients at Tomas Bata Hospital in the Czech Republic. Urine samples were analyzed for calcium, magnesium, inorganic phosphate, uric acid, sodium, potassium, chloride, citrate, oxalate, and urine particles. The single-voided specimens were collected without acidification, after which they were divided into three groups for storage: samples without acidification ("NON"), acidification before storage ("PRE"), or acidification after storage ("POST"). The analyses were conducted on the day of arrival (day 0, "baseline"), or after storage for 2 or 7 days at room temperature. The maximum permissible difference (MPD) was defined as ±20 % from the baseline.
RESULTS: The urine concentrations of all stone-related metabolites remained within the 20 % MPD limits in NON and POST samples after 2 days, except for calcium in NON sample of one patient, and oxalate of three patients and citrate of one patient in POST samples. In PRE samples, stability failed in urine samples for oxalate of three patients, and for uric acid of four patients after 2 days. Failures in stability often correlated with high baseline concentrations of those metabolites in urine.
CONCLUSIONS: Detailed procedures are needed to collect urine specimens for analysis of urinary stone-related metabolites, considering both patient safety and stability of those metabolites. We recommend specific preservation steps.
PURPOSE: Refractory (RSE) and super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) are serious medical emergencies whose long-term outcomes depend on the timeliness of their management. Population-based clinical and epidemiological data on these conditions are sparse. We aimed to provide a detailed description of the epidemiology and clinical course of RSE and SRSE in children and adolescents and identify potential prognostic biomarkers.
METHODS: In this retrospective population-based study, patients aged one month to 18 years who fulfilled the RSE/SRSE diagnostic criteria and were admitted to the intensive care unit of Haukeland University Hospital from 2012 to 2021 were considered eligible. Detailed clinical and laboratory findings along with information on management and outcomes were systematically analyzed.
RESULTS: Forty-three patients with 52 episodes of RSE/SRSE were identified. The incidence rate was 3.13 per 100,000 per year. The median time from SE onset to the administration of the first rescue drug was 13 min, and from the first rescue drug to second- and third-line treatments, 83 and 66 min, respectively. All patients were alive at discharge.
CONCLUSION: Delays in treatment were observed in various stages of the clinical course of RSE/SRSE. Improvement measures targeting the prompt administration of recuse mediation and subsequent treatment escalation are needed.
Sarcopenia is an age-related disease associated with health adverse outcomes, i.e. higher risk of mobility limitation, falls, fractures, mortality, and lower quality of life. The European Working Group on Sarcopenia has recently revisited one of the widely used most acknowledged definitions and launched the revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis (EWGSOP2) (4). Applying the EWGSOP2 is a three-tier process: first, screening by the Sluggishness, Assistance in walking, Rising from a chair, Climb stairs, Falls (SARC-F) questionnaire; second, diagnosis by low muscle strength, and low muscle mass; third, severity grading by low muscle function. The EWGSOP2 recommends the assessment of sarcopenia in every population, both in community-dwelling and acute care older patients. However, the evidence about the performance indicators of the SARC-F questionnaire to screen for sarcopenia in acute patients admitted to an acute care unit is really limited.
Among men who have sex with men (MSM), those who also engage in the exchange of sex for money, drugs, shelter or other material goods (i.e., male sex workers-MSWs) have been found to have higher rates of condomless anal sex (CAS), HIV, and STIs than MSM who do not engage in exchange sex. To gain a better understanding of the factors that influence MSWs' engagement in CAS with male clients, we analyzed qualitative interview data from a diverse sample of 141 MSWs from 8 U.S. cities who met clients primarily through hookup or dating apps/websites and who reported having condomless anal sex with at least one of their exchange sex partners in the prior three months. While high client demand and financial incentives were the most frequently mentioned reasons for engaging in CAS with clients, other factors including drug and alcohol use, attraction to the client, the heat of the moment, concerns about sexual performance, and reliance on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) were also important. Participants who engaged in CAS generally felt that due to client characteristics or mitigating steps they had taken themselves, their chance of acquiring HIV/STIs was acceptably low. Hookup or dating apps/websites have provided an additional and increasingly popular venue for exchange sex to be arranged. These platforms also offer an opportunity for HIV/STI prevention through interventions and tailored messages delivered through these venues that address the motivations, misconceptions and/or situational factors that may lead to CAS.
Observational studies have suggested that insulin resistance (IR) is associated with hypertension and various cardiovascular diseases. However, the presence of a causal relationship between IR and cardiovascular disease remains unclear. Here, we applied Mendelian randomization (MR) approaches to address the causal association between genetically determined IR and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Our primary genetic instruments comprised 53 SNPs associated with IR phenotype from a GWAS of up to 188,577 participants. Genetic association estimates for hypertension and venous thromboembolism (VTE) were extracted from UK Biobank, estimates for atrial fibrillation (AF) were extracted from the hitherto largest GWAS meta-analysis on AF, estimates for heart failure were extracted from HERMES Consortium, estimates for peripheral artery disease (PAD) and aortic aneurysm were extracted from the FinnGen Study. The main analyses were performed using the random-effects inverse-variance weighted approach, and complemented by sensitivity analyses and multivariable MR analyses. Corresponding to 55% higher fasting insulin adjusted for body mass index, 0.46 mmol/L lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 0.89 mmol/L higher triglyceride, one standard deviation change in genetically predicted IR was associated with increased risk of hypertension (odds ratio (OR) 1.06, 95% CI 1.04-1.08; P = 1.91 × 10-11) and PAD (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.43-2.54; P = 1.19 × 10-5). Suggestive evidence was obtained for an association between IR and heart failure (OR per SD change in IR: 1.19, 95% CI 1.01-1.41, P = 0.041). There was no MR evidence for an association between genetically predicted IR and atrial fibrillation, VTE, and aortic aneurysm. Results were widely consistent across all sensitivity analyses. In multivariable MR, the association between IR and PAD was attenuated after adjustment for lipids (P = 0.347) or BMI (P = 0.163). Our findings support that genetically determined IR increases the risk of hypertension and PAD.
The invention discloses an external defervescence liquid medicine for treating infant anemopyretic cold. The liquid medicine is prepared with Chinese medicine materials of extracted wild chrysanthemum flower, extracted honeysuckle flower, extracted coptis, and extracted isatis root, and other components of menthene, borneol and alcohol. A transdermal absorption technology is adopted in the present invention. The defervescence liquid medicine is used through the following steps: pouring the defervescence liquid medicine on adsorptive gauzes or tissue papers, such that the gauzes or tissue papers are slightly moistened; applying the gauzes or tissue papers on patient forehead, or slightly wiping the patient oxters by using the gauzes or tissue papers. With the steps, physical cooling is achieved. Further, after being transdermally absorbed, the liquid medicine shows syndrome relieving, heat clearing and evil dispelling effects, such that anemopyretic cold or fever can be cured internally. The medicine is for transdermal absorption, not for oral use, thus the medicine is especially suitable for infants.
PURPOSE:To obtain a suppressant for the production of antibodies capable of suppressing the overresponse of a living body causing allergic or autoimmune diseases. CONSTITUTION:This suppressant for the production of antibodies comprises one or more selected from nucleosides, e.g. purine nucleotides (e.g. inosine or guanosine), pyrimidine nucleosides (e.g. thymidine or uridine), nucleotides (e.g. inosinic acid or thymidylic acid) and salts of the nucleotides. The daily dose of the suppressant for an adult is 10-500mg, preferably 50-200mg in the case of a parenteral injection and 20-1000mg, preferably 100-300mg in the case of an oral administering agent. The overresponse of a living body to allergens can be suppressed by administering the suppressant to suppress the proliferation of cells capable of producing the antibodies for diseases definitely causing the timing of onset such as especially pollinosis among allergic and autoimmune diseases. The preventing therapeutic effects on the prevention of the onset can be provided.