anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention provides a method and a system for marking a whole spine image by using a deep neural network. The invention discloses a method and a system for automatically marking spine images. The method includes receiving an input spine image and analyzing image features of the input spine image via a deep neural network. The method also includes generating, by the deep neural network, a mask image corresponding to the input spine image based on image features of the training image dataset. The region of interest in the mask image comprises a candidate vertebra of the spine. The training image dataset includes a plurality of spine images and a plurality of corresponding mask images. The method also includes associating a label with a plurality of image components of the mask image, and labeling the input spine image based on the label associated with the mask image.
Control group with obesity. People with obesity (BMI \> 30 kg/m2) without psychiatric disease or sleep disorders.
Heterotopic ossification (HO) of the abdomen is a rare yet highly morbid complication following blunt and penetrating trauma requiring damage control laparotomy. We present the case of a 22-year-old man, 20 months after life-threatening motor vehicle crash with major vascular injury requiring multiple abdominal surgeries. The patient was initially treated at a community hospital and subsequently developed a chronic left lower quadrant enterocutaneous fistula, accompanied by a gradually worsening diffuse abdominal pain. He was referred to our tertiary care center with extensive skin breakdown and an inability to control the fistula despite numerous wound care consultations. He also had severe abdominal deformities due to HO in the abdominal wall, peritoneum, paraspinal muscles, and parapelvic regions. As HO is largely underreported, it is crucial to refer those patients, once medically stabilized, to tertiary care centers for surveillance and possible treatment when symptomatic.
Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is recognized as a global health crisis, contributing to approximately 20% of liver cancer-associated fatalities. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is associated with the development of ALD, with the gut microbial metabolite urolithin A (UA) exhibiting a potential for alleviating liver symptoms. However, the protective efficacy of UA against ALD and its underlying mechanism mediated by microbiota remain elusive. In this study, we provide evidence demonstrating that UA effectively ameliorates alcohol-induced metabolic disorders and hepatic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress through a specific gut-microbiota-liver axis mediated by major urinary protein 1 (MUP1). Moreover, UA exhibited the potential to restore alcohol-induced dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota by enriching the abundance of Bacteroides sartorii (B. sartorii), Parabacteroides distasonis (P. distasonis), and Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila), along with their derived metabolite propionic acid. Partial attenuation of the hepatoprotective effects exerted by UA was observed upon depletion of gut microbiota using antibiotics. Subsequently, a fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiment was conducted to evaluate the microbiota-dependent effects of UA in ALD. FMT derived from mice treated with UA exhibited comparable efficacy to direct UA treatment, as it effectively attenuated ER stress through modulation of MUP1. It was noteworthy that strong associations were observed among the hepatic MUP1, gut microbiome, and metabolome profiles affected by UA. Intriguingly, oral administration of UA-enriched B. sartorii, P. distasonis, and A. muciniphila can enhance propionic acid production to effectively suppress ER stress via MUP1, mimicking UA treatment. Collectively, these findings elucidate the causal mechanism that UA alleviated ALD through the gut-microbiota-liver axis. This unique mechanism sheds light on developing novel microbiome-targeted therapeutic strategies against ALD.
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease. The management landscape was transformed 20 years ago with the advent of ursodeoxycholic acid. Up to 40% of patients do not, however, respond adequately to ursodeoxycholic acid and therefore still remain at risk of disease progression to cirrhosis. The introduction of obeticholic acid as a second-line therapy for patients failing ursodeoxycholic acid has improved outcomes for patients with PBC. There remains, however, a need for better treatment for patients at higher risk. The greatest threat facing our efforts to improve treatment in PBC is, paradoxically, the regulatory approval model providing conditional marketing authorization for new drugs based on biochemical markers on the condition that long-term, randomized placebo-controlled outcome trials are performed to confirm efficacy. As demonstrated by the COBALT confirmatory study with obeticholic acid, it is difficult to retain patients in the required follow-on confirmatory placebo-controlled PBC outcome trials when a licensed drug is commercially available. New PBC therapies in development, such as the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists, face even greater challenges in demonstrating outcome benefit through randomized placebo-controlled studies once following conditional marketing authorization, as there will be even more treatment options available. A recently published EMA Reflection Paper provides some guidance on the regulatory pathway to full approval but fails to recognize the importance of real-world data in providing evidence of outcome benefit in rare diseases. Here we explore the impact of the EMA reflection paper on PBC therapy and offer pragmatic solutions for generating evidence of long-term outcomes through real-world data collection.
A complicated biological reaction of vascular tissues to damaging stimuli like infections, harmed cells, or irritants is called inflammation. Symptoms include redness, inflamed joints, stiffness, discomfort in the joints, and loss of joint function. NSAIDs are frequently used to treat inflammation. Sadly, these drugs raise the possibility of blood clots, which can result in heart attacks and strokes. Consequently, there is ongoing research focusing on developing potent anti-inflammatory drugs using natural ingredients. Natural products, due to their diverse chemical composition, offer a rich source for the development of novel medications. The treatment of various inflammation- related disorders heavily relies on a natural substance derived from medicinal plants. The objective of the present study is to assemble information on potential parts of the plants or phytochemicals derived from medicinal plants used on inflammatory models, employing state-ofthe- art scientific methodologies. In this study, state-of-the-art scientific methodologies are utilized to investigate the effects of phytochemicals derived from medicinal plants. Relevant data is collected, focusing on the examination of these phytochemicals in experimental models of inflammation. The study aims to collect thorough data on potential plant parts or promising phytochemicals derived from medicinal plants that have been evaluated using advanced scientific techniques in the realm of inflammation models. This compilation will offer valuable insights into their potential as anti-inflammatory agents. The findings have the potential to contribute to the development of new and improved anti-inflammatory medications with fewer or no adverse effects compared to current treatments. While many of these studies hold academic interest only a few are accepted into clinical trials. Numerous phytoconstituents have been identified for exhibiting diverse pharmacological actions.
Treatment sequence DECAB is applied. The 5 treatments were separated by a washout period of at least 5 days.
The present invention discloses a medicinal plaster for treating sinew and bone soft tissue injury pain, bone fractures and dislocation, which is mainly prepared from raw material ingredients of the following composition percent by weight: 140 to 160 parts of Chinese angelica root, 110 to 130 parts of safflower, 140 to 160 parts of olibanum, 140 to 160 parts of myrrh, 140 to 160 parts of radix et rhizoma rhei from Sichuan of china, 90 to 110 parts of dragon's blood and 140 to 160 parts of notoginseng. The present invention has the effects of promoting blood flow, eliminating swelling, quickly arresting bleeding, quickly killing pain, fast reuniting sinews and bones, reducing infections and complications and promoting the healing of bone fracture tissue. The time of the healing of bone fractures is short, the course of treatment is shortened, porosis is fast, and the recovery of neurological functions is quick. The medicinal plaster is used for treating more than one thousand of patients with various bone fractures by far, and the bone fractures of the patients are all healed, wherein the time of the healing of fresh fractures of teenagers is half of the natural healing time in clinic, and the time for senile patients with bone fractures can be shortened by one third. Various old fractures can be healed through pertinent adjustment, antibacterium treatment, and external application of the medicinal plaster. The present invention has the advantages of rich and easily-acquired raw materials, simple processing, simple operation and easy acceptance of treatment by patients.
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: haemorrhoidectomy involving removing haemorrhoids en bloc with an anal wound closure is followed by daily dressings from the first postoperative day with using the antibacterial preparation Levomecol. That is combined with a therapeutic parenteral administration of standard analgesics and taking sitting baths and conducting a local physiotherapy. The preoperative preparation involves prescribing the complex immunomodulator Kipferon presented in the form of suppositories containing 500000 IU of interferon alpha-2 and 60 mg of complex immunoglobulin preparation. The preparation is administered in a dose of one suppository twice a day for 5 days preceding the haemorrhoidectomy. Then, administering the preparation is continued once a day in the same dose from the second to the eleventh postoperative day. The preoperative preparation is also added with prescribing the phlebotonic diosmin (Venarus, Detralex) orally in a dose of 500 mg twice a day for 3 days preceding the haemorrhoidectomy and continued in the same dose twice a day from the first to eighth postoperative day. Besides, from the second postoperative day the osmotic laxative Lactulose is administered orally in a dose of 15-25 ml once until the patient has an unassisted defecation.EFFECT: lower postoperative post-defecation pain syndrome as estimated by VAS analogue scale, less manifested perianal tissue oedema within the operative tissues, shorter wound epithelisation as shown by a cytological pattern of impression smears, achieved adequate elimination of the postoperative complications in the form of bleedings, reflex urinary retention, formation of deforming adhesions, reduced bacterial content of the anal wounds, shorter time of patient's anal sphincter hypertonus, as well as adequate time of postoperative defecation recovery.3 ex
A lipoprotein lipase activity inhibitor which inhibits fat accumulation in fat cells. Namely, an enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL), which is regenerated by fat cells and secreted into peripheral vessels in epithelial cells by exocytose, decomposes fat having been absorbed into the vessels as foods into fatty acids and glycerol. Then the fatty acids and glycerol migrate into fat cells in the subcutaneous fat tissue and fat is finally synthesized in the fat cells. By applying the above-described lipoprotein lipase activity inhibitor to the skin as an external skin preparation for slimming, therefore, the action of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL) can be inhibited in peripheral vessels in epithelial cells. As a result, the decomposition of fat into fatty acid and glycerol can be inhibited and the synthesis of new fat in fat cells can be finally prevented. Thus, slimming effect can be established.
Participants with Parkinson disease receive the Medx Console System and the Vielight 810 intranasal stand alone unit. These interventions occur during 16 lab sessions (1.5 hours each) during an 12 week period, plus daily 25 minute 'at home' intranasal stimulation interventions, 4 days each week.
Frozen shoulder is a spontaneously self-resolving chronic inflammatory fibrotic human disease, which distinguishes the condition from most fibrotic diseases that are progressive and irreversible. Using single-cell analysis, we identify pro-inflammatory MERTKlowCD48+ macrophages and MERTK + LYVE1 + MRC1+ macrophages enriched for negative regulators of inflammation which co-exist in frozen shoulder capsule tissues. Micro-cultures of patient-derived cells identify integrin-mediated cell-matrix interactions between MERTK+ macrophages and pro-resolving DKK3+ and POSTN+ fibroblasts, suggesting that matrix remodelling plays a role in frozen shoulder resolution. Cross-tissue analysis reveals a shared gene expression cassette between shoulder capsule MERTK+ macrophages and a respective population enriched in synovial tissues of rheumatoid arthritis patients in disease remission, supporting the concept that MERTK+ macrophages mediate resolution of inflammation and fibrosis. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling and spatial analysis of human foetal shoulder tissues identify MERTK + LYVE1 + MRC1+ macrophages and DKK3+ and POSTN+ fibroblast populations analogous to those in frozen shoulder, suggesting that the template to resolve fibrosis is established during shoulder development. Crosstalk between MerTK+ macrophages and pro-resolving DKK3+ and POSTN+ fibroblasts could facilitate resolution of frozen shoulder, providing a basis for potential therapeutic resolution of persistent fibrotic diseases.
The invention discloses a mucous penetration and mucous membrane adhesion engineering probiotics with multienzyme activity, a preparation method and application thereof. The iridium nanoparticle and amino-polyethylene glycol-maleimide are grafted by lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Firstly, iridium nanoparticles and lactobacillus rhamnosus GG probiotics are prepared, and IrC nanoparticles are prepared by adding 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide into iridium nanoparticle solution. Subsequently, irC nanoparticles were grafted onto lactobacillus rhamnosus GG by chemical reaction to form disulfide bonds. Finally, amino-polyethylene glycol-maleimide is grafted on lactobacillus rhamnosus GG through chemical reaction to form an amide bond, so as to prepare the engineering probiotics. The engineered probiotics of the present invention have mucous penetration and mucoadhesion effects, multi-effect antibacterial effects, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant stress effects, and intestinal flora modulating effects.
After enrollment, participants will complete a pre-screening survey. Before their survivorship clinic visit, participants will complete the ototoxicity screening protocol and implementation outcome surveys. During their visit, they will receive counseling on ototoxicity and referral to audiology. After their visit, they will complete the SESMQ and WU-QOLv4 surveys and undergo pure tone audiometry. Each participant will complete this protocol once. The investigators will follow each participant by chart review for at least six months to evaluate for audiologic follow-up.
PURPOSE: To characterize cataract surgery in people with dementia (PWD) using a cataract surgery outcomes database.
METHODS: Demographics, medical and ocular history, surgical characteristics, and postoperative measures were analyzed for differences between PWD and non-PWD cohorts. Patient-level data were analyzed with Fisher's Exact Test, and eye-level data were analyzed with logistic regression using generalized estimating equations to account for correlation of eyes from the same individual.
RESULTS: 507 eyes from 296 PWD were identified using appropriate ICD codes and cross-referenced to a cataract surgery outcomes database containing 12,949 eyes from 7,853 patients who underwent cataract phacoemulsification at a single center between January 2014 and October 2019. PWD were older (p < .001), had shorter duration cataract surgeries (p = .006), and were more likely to have mature cataract (p = .017). The rate of general anesthesia was higher in PWD (p = .005). There were no differences in complication rates between PWD and non-PWD cohorts. Both preoperative best corrected LogMAR distance visual acuity (CDVA) (p < .001) and postoperative CDVA (p < .001) were worse in PWD. CDVA significantly improved in both groups (p < .001); however, the average magnitude of improvement in CDVA was not significantly different between groups (p = .169).
CONCLUSIONS: PWD present for cataract surgery at a later age and were more likely to have mature cataracts and general anesthesia, but did not have higher rates of complication, and showed significant improvement in CDVA following surgery. These findings should be encouraging to PWD undergoing counseling for cataract surgery, and for the potential for improved function in PWD.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a skin preparation for external use, capable of sufficiently manifesting actions essentially possessed by a pharmacodynamically effective ingredient and extremely useful for the beauty culture and medicine by combining a lignan glycoside with the specific pharmacodynamically effective ingredient. SOLUTION: This skin preparation for external use is obtained by formulating a lignan glycoside with one or more selected from a cell activator and/or a humectant in combination. A lignan glycoside represented by formula I [R is glycosyl composed of one to four saccharides, which are one or more selected from glucose, galactose and fructose; (n) is 0 or 1] and a compound represented by formula II (Glc is the glycosyl), formula III or IV is preferred. The amount thereof formulated is 0.001-5 wt.% in the case of using, e.g. the compound represented by formula I to IV. A deoxyribonucleic acid, adenosine triphosphate, etc., are cited as the cell activator and the amount thereof formulated is 0.001-5 wt.%. Chondroitin sulfate, etc., are cited as the humectant and the amount thereof formulated is 0.001-70 wt.%.
The invention relates to an external application medicine for treating gynecological inflammation, belonging to the technical field of pharmaceutical preparations. The external application medicine is formed by ten raw medicines, i.e. golden cypress, Sophora flavescens Ait, Fructus cnidii, radix stemonae, dandelion, cortex dictamni, Hydnocarpus anthelmintica, radix gentianae, alum and borneol which are prepared into lotion, spray, suppository or gel by adopting the conventional preparation technology, and the lotion, spray, suppository or gel is directly applied to the affected part. The invention is based on the research of the traditional Chinese medical science on gynecological inflammation pathogenesis and the therapeutic principles of the gynecological inflammation, refers to scientific research achievements of the modern traditional Chinese medicine theoretical research on external treatment of internal illness, formulates prescription according to the traditional Chinese medicine theory, breaks through the traditional medication contraindication and enables the medicine to pass through mucosa, skin and striae, to enter entrails, to ventilate qi and blood, to remove putrefaction and relieve pain, to kill bug and relieve itching, and to exhaust turbid qi and relieve internal fever. The active ingredients contained in the medicine have very strong functions of sterilization, itching relieving and inflammation removal, and the medicine is suitable for all kinds of gynecological inflammation. The invention solves the problems that the harm to patients is great, the acting time of oral anti-inflammation drugs is slow and the treatment effect is poor when the existing antibiotics are used to treating gynecological inflammation. Thereby, the medicine is suitable for all kinds of gynecological inflammation.
Systems and technique are disclosed for generating transforms and oral care appliances for oral care treatment. The method involves receiving a first three-dimensional (3D) representation of oral care data and utilizing processing circuitry to execute a machine learning (ML) model that includes at least one transformer. The ML model generates at least one transform based on the input data. The processing circuitry applies the generated transform to the first 3D representation, placing it in a desired pose relative to a second 3D representation or a global coordinate system axis. Based on this application, the method further generates aspects of one or more oral care appliances associated with either the first 3D representation or the second 3D representation. These systems and techniques enable the efficient generation of transforms and oral care appliances, facilitating improved treatment planning and customization in oral care applications.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review was to define patients who are at high risk of recurrence of urolithiasis, to delineate diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms for each type of stone, and to clarify general guidelines and recommendations for prevention of recurrence.
METHODS: A professional research librarian carried out literature searches for all sections of the urolithiasis guidelines, covering the timeframe between 1976 and June 2023.
KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS: For every patient with urolithiasis, an attempt should be made to analyse the stone. Patients should be given general instructions on how to prevent recurrence, including adequate fluid and calcium intake, and low consumption of sodium and protein. Identifying and correcting the causative factors is a cornerstone in preventing the recurrence of urolithiasis. Diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms by stone composition are available. Every patient should undergo baseline metabolic screening, while patients with calcium stones, who are at high risk of relapse and complications, should undergo extensive metabolic screening with two 24-h urine collections and should receive targeted therapy. Patients with uric acid, infection, or cystine stones are at high risk of relapse. All patients at high risk of recurrence should be closely monitored, especially those not complying with therapy in the long term.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Metabolic stone evaluation and patient follow-up are highly recommended to prevent urolithiasis recurrence.
Patients randomized to expectant management will be referred back to their referring obstetrician of perinatologist and advised to undergo weekly ultrasound examinations including Doppler studies of the umbilical artery and amniotic fluid volume. Fetal growth will be assessed every 2-4 weeks. After 24 weeks patients may undergo frequent ultrasound examinations or fetal heart rate monitoring to assess fetal well being. These ultrasounds will be performed by the patient's perinatologist or obstetrician, and will be reported to the research team on an ongoing basis throughout the pregnancy.
Participants randomized to the Sahaj Samadhi Meditation (SSM) arm will undergo SSM training in groups of 10. SSM will be delivered virtually using the Cisco WebEx platform by trained, certified non-clinician teachers. Participants will be trained for 4 consecutive days (2 hours/day) in the first week, followed by 1-hour weekly reinforcement sessions for 11 weeks. Participants will also be encouraged to practice twice daily at home for 20 minutes per session. They will be given a daily practice log on which they check off a box indicating if they have done their home practice.