anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Patients Not Currently Receiving Octreotide Acetate

Patients not currently receiving octreotide acetate should begin therapy with Sandostatin Injection given subcutaneously. The suggested daily dosage for carcinoid tumors during the first 2 weeks of therapy ranges from 100 to 600 mcg/day in 2 to 4 divided doses (mean daily dosage is 300 mcg). Some patients may require doses up to 1,500 mcg/day. The suggested daily dosage for VIPomas is 200 to 300 mcg in 2 to 4 divided doses (range, 150 to 750 mcg); dosage may be adjusted on an individual basis to control symptoms but usually doses above 450 mcg/day are not required.

Sandostatin Injection should be continued for at least 2 weeks. Thereafter, patients who are considered “responders” to octreotide acetate, and who tolerate the drug, may be switched to SANDOSTATIN LAR DEPOT in the dosage regimen as described below (Patients Currently Receiving Sandostatin Injection).

Patients Currently Receiving Sandostatin Injection

Patients currently receiving Sandostatin Injection can be switched to SANDOSTATIN LAR DEPOT in a dosage of 20 mg given IM intragluteally at 4-week intervals for 2 months. Because of the need for serum octreotide to reach therapeutically effective levels following initial injection of SANDOSTATIN LAR DEPOT, carcinoid tumor and VIPoma patients should continue to receive Sandostatin Injection subcutaneously for at least 2 weeks in the same dosage they were taking before the switch. Failure to continue subcutaneous injections for this period may result in exacerbation of symptoms (some patients may require 3 or 4 weeks of such therapy).

After 2 months, dosage may be adjusted as follows:

  * If symptoms are adequately controlled, consider a dose reduction to 10 mg for a trial period. If symptoms recur, dosage should then be increased to 20 mg every 4 weeks. Many patients can, however, be satisfactorily maintained at a 10-mg dose every 4 weeks.
  * If symptoms are not adequately controlled, increase SANDOSTATIN LAR DEPOT to 30 mg every 4 weeks. Patients who achieve good control on a 20-mg dose may have their dose lowered to 10 mg for a trial period. If symptoms recur, dosage should then be increased to 20 mg every 4 weeks.
  * Dosages higher than 30 mg are not recommended.



Despite good overall control of symptoms, patients with carcinoid tumors and VIPomas often experience periodic exacerbation of symptoms (regardless of whether they are being maintained on Sandostatin Injection or SANDOSTATIN LAR DEPOT). During these periods, they may be given Sandostatin Injection subcutaneously for a few days at the dosage they were receiving prior to switching to SANDOSTATIN LAR DEPOT. When symptoms are again controlled, the Sandostatin Injection subcutaneous can be discontinued.
Free light chains (FLCs) are low-molecular-mass molecules (kappa and lambda light chains), which are by-products of normal immunoglobulin synthesis and are normally excreted through the kidneys. Presence of light chains in the urine is a marker of tubular dysfunction. In patients with impaired kidney function, serum concentrations and urinary excretion of polyclonal FLCs have been noted to be increased. Increased excretion of FLCs and other low-molecular weight proteins \[cystatin C, NGAL\] in the urine may contribute to progression of chronic kidney disease. Higher Cystatin C has been demonstrated to be related to development of albuminuria. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipcalin (NGAL) excretion in the urine is a marker of tubular injury in the kidney and has been shown to be elevated in subjects with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (Ace Inh) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) class of drugs are renoprotective in nature and are the first line therapy for treatment of diabetic nephropathy. There is no longitudinal data evaluating the effect of Ace Inh and ARB class of drugs on urinary FLCs (UFLCs).

Our hypothesis is that UFLCs are increased in patients with DM with and without kidney disease and that treatment with Ace Inh and/or ARB will decrease UFLCs in these patients. Additionally, we will explore the change in other low molecular weight proteins \[cystatin C, and NGAL\] in response to treatment with Ace Inh and ARB.
Levocarnitine is indicated in the treatment of primary systemic carnitine deficiency. In the reported cases, the clinical presentation consisted of recurrent episodes of Reye-like encephalopathy, hypoketotic hypoglycemia, and/or cardiomyopathy. Associated symptoms included hypotonia, muscle weakness and failure to thrive. A diagnosis of primary carnitine deficiency requires that serum, red cell and/or tissue carnitine levels be low and that the patient does not have a primary defect in fatty acid or organic acid oxidation (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY). In some patients, particularly those presenting with cardiomyopathy, carnitine supplementation rapidly alleviated signs and symptoms. Treatment should include, in addition to carnitine, supportive and other therapy as indicated by the condition of the patient.

Levocarnitine is also indicated for acute and chronic treatment of patients with an inborn error of metabolism which results in a secondary carnitine deficiency.
Cpds. of formula (I) and their addn. salts with strong mineral acids or organic sulphonic acids are new (where R1, R2 and R3 are each H or 1-6C alkyl). They are prepd. by reacting the corresp. acid halide with an amine deriv. of formula R2NH-OR3. (I) have antilipolytic, vasodilatory and hypoglycaemic activities, they are useful in treatment of acute or chronic hyperlipaemia, coronary insufficiencies, atheromatose cardiac insufficiencies, chronic angina, hypertensive functional troubles and prediabetic and diabetic states.
An example of an information processing system includes: a terminal system including a hand-held type terminal; and a server. The terminal system acquires first information for evaluating health of a user. The information processing system performs an evaluation regarding health of the user on the basis of the acquired first information. The server transmits, to the terminal system, service data for providing a network service in accordance with the evaluation regarding health of the user. The server stores, in a predefined storage section, privilege information indicating a privilege to be given to the user and regarding the network service and/or the hand-held type terminal. The server updates the privilege information such that a privilege in accordance with a result of the evaluation regarding health of the user is to be given to the user.
Participant will be fitted with a full-face mask that covers the mouth and nose or a Whole face mask that covers the eyes, nose, and mouth depending on participant's preferences. The Fitted Mask will be attached to a bacterial/viral filter for fit testing. After completing the Fit test, the mask will be placed on the face for 15 minutes while the participant performs various activities to document the ability to tolerate the respirator. Participants oxygen and carbon dioxide level will be measured in the beginning and at the end of the 15 minutes. The individuals will be able to remove the Mask anytime if they experience significant discomfort or claustrophobia. At the end, the mask will be removed.
Chronic intestinal inflammation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can lead to the development of fibrosis and the formation of strictures. Endoscopic balloon dilation and surgical resection are currently the only available treatments for fibrotic strictures. However, both strategies are associated with potential complications and high rates of stricture recurrence, necessitating additional procedures and/or multiple surgical resections. IBD therapeutic modalities aimed at inflammation, including anti-inflammatory agents, such as corticosteroids, biologics and small molecules, have shown limited efficacy in altering the natural history of strictures, ameliorating fibrosis progression, or preventing recurrences. New and innovative therapeutic approaches targeted at fibrosis are urgently needed. Herein, we provide an overview of emerging therapeutics, including novel drug delivery systems, for the management of intestinal fibrosis and strictures.
Imatinib is the tyrosine kinase inhibitor used as the gold standard for the treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. However, about 30% of patients do not respond well to this therapy. Variants in drug administration, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) genes play an important role in drug resistance especially in admixed populations. We investigated 129 patients diagnosed with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia treated with imatinib as first choice therapy. The participants of the study are highly admixed, populations that exhibit genetic diversity and complexity due to the contributions of multiple ancestral groups. Thus, the aim of this work was to investigate the association of 30 SNVs in genes related to response to treatment with Imatinibe in CML. Our results indicated that for the rs2290573 of the ULK3 gene, patients with the recessive AA genotype are three times more likely to develop resistance over time (secondary resistance) (p = 0.019, OR = 3.19, IC 95%= 1.21-8.36). Finally, we performed interaction analysis between the investigated variants and found several associations between SNVs and secondary resistance. We concluded that the variant rs2290573 of the ULK3 gene may be relevant for predicting treatment response of CML with imatinib, as well as possible treatment resistance. The use of predictive biomarkers is an important tool for therapeutic choice of patients, improving their quality of life and treatment efficacy.
A randomized, double-blind trial of 3 months duration comparing etanercept 50 mg sc twice weekly to placebo in 20 patients with HS. Patients will be randomized with equal allocation to the two treatment groups.
All nasopharyngeal patients received radical treatment including neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and concurrent chemo-radiotherapy. At the beginning, the investigators assign patient to experimental and control groups randomly. Patients in experimental group received standard nutritional support by adding NUTRISON. Control patients will give conventional nutritional guidance. The investigators collected all the nutritional indexed at first visit, before and after radiotherapy, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 months after radiotherapy. All these data will be set into statistical software to produce an optimized model for clinical practice.
INTRODUCTION: Testosterone deficiency (TD) is relatively common in aging men, affecting around 2% of the general population. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) represents the most common medical approach for subjects who are not interested in fathering.
AREAS COVERED: This review summarizes advances in TRT, including approved or non-approved pharmacological options to overcome TD. When possible, a meta-analytic approach was applied to minimize subjective and biased interpretations of the available data.
EXPERT OPINION: During the last decade, several new TRT formulations have been introduced on the market, including oral, transdermal, and parenteral formulations. Possible advantages and limitations have been discussed appropriately. Anti-estrogens, including selective estrogen modulators or aromatase inhibitors still represent further possible off-label options. However, long-term side effects on sexual function and bone parameters constitute major limitations. Glucagon-like peptide 1 analogues can be an alternative option in particular for massive obesity-associated TD. Weight loss obtained through lifestyle modifications including diet and physical exercise should be encouraged in all overweight and obese patients. A combination of TRT and lifestyle changes can be considered in those subjects in whom a reversal of the condition cannot be expected in a reasonable time frame.
The home exercise group will receive a one-hour home program, 2 days a week. The first and last 15 minutes of the exercise program will consist of warm-up and cooling- down exercises. After warm-up exercises, stretching for shoulder, hamstring and erector spinae muscles, strengthening exercises for abdominal and back muscles will be performed 10 times each for 30 minutes.
AAC+LPO participants will receive AAC plus an MI tailored outreach call at baseline and at 3, 6, and 9 months post-enrollment. AAC includes enhanced access to State Quitline and Nicotine Replacement Therapy.
Serious effusion and edema occurred in patients treated with ZYNLONTA. Grade 3 edema occurred in 3% (primarily peripheral edema or ascites) and Grade 3 pleural effusion occurred in 3% and Grade 3 or 4 pericardial effusion occurred in 1% [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

Monitor patients for new or worsening edema or effusions. Withhold ZYNLONTA for Grade 2 or greater edema or effusion until the toxicity resolves. Consider diagnostic imaging in patients who develop symptoms of pleural effusion or pericardial effusion, such as new or worsened dyspnea, chest pain, and/or ascites such as swelling in the abdomen and bloating. Institute appropriate medical management for edema or effusions [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Corydalis Rhizome (RC) as a traditional analgesic Chinese medicine is the dried tuber of Corydalis yanhusuo W.T.Wang. Many efforts have revealed that RC could effectively alleviate neuropathic pain, while its active ingredients in neuropathic pain are still not clear.
AIM OF THE STUDY: Spinal central sensitization contributes greatly to neuropathic pain, and neuron, astrocyte and microglia play important roles in spinal central sensitization. The aim of the present study is to excavate active compounds in RC regulating spinal central sensitization to inhibit neuropathic pain.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to determine protein expression levels. Gene expression levels were detected by RT-PCR. PC12 neuronal cells, C6 astrocyte cells, and BV2 microglia cells were cultured for in vitro studies. Targeting multi types of cells extraction combined with HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS was established to identify components binding to above cells. Animal studies were used to verify the analgesic activities of components.
RESULTS: Total alkaloids of RC (RC-TA) significantly relieved neuropathic pain in chronic constriction injury (CCI) rats and repressed spinal central sensitization. Eight components of RC-TA were found to bind to PC12, C6, or BV2 cells. They could respectively suppress the activation of cells in vitro and alleviate CCI-induced neuropathic pain, among which glaucine and dehydrocorydaline induced antinociception was stronger than l-THP. Meanwhile, glaucine had no effect on acute or chronic inflammatory pain, and its antinociception in neuropathic pain could be abolished by dopamine D1 receptor agonist.
CONCLUSIONS: Employing multi types of cells based on spinal central sensitization rather than single cell may allow for more thorough excavation of active substances. Glaucine was firstly found could attenuate neuropathic pain but not other types of pain which indicated that different alkaloids in RC exert distinct analgesic effects on different pain models, and gluacine has the potential to be developed as an analgesic drug specifically for neuropathic pain relieving.
Subjects in this condition are taught to increase their sleep by 90 minutes per night starting in week 1. Following the sleep intervention, these participants receive a standard behavioral with loss intervention.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the use of real-time virtual chromoendoscopy (i-scan) in characterizing the mucosal changes present in subjects with suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) and to compare the inter-rater and intra-rater agreement of Reflux Finding Scores (RFS) from both laryngologists and general otolaryngologists (ORL) observing exams using both white light endoscopy (WLE) and i-scan.
METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study that included 66 subjects: 46 symptomatic and 20 asymptomatic of suspected LPR based on the reflux symptom index (RSI). Subjects underwent flexible video laryngoscopic evaluation of the larynx utilising both WLE and i-scan during one continuous exam. Subjects also underwent 24-hour oropharyngeal pH-monitoring (Dx-pH). Two laryngologists and two general otolaryngologists evaluated the anonymized videos independently using RFS. Dx-pH results were interpreted using the pH graph, report and RYAN score. Subjects were then designated into one of three groups: no reflux, acid reflux and alkaline reflux.
RESULTS: For the symptomatic group, no mucosal irregularities or early mucosal lesions were observed except in one subject who had granulation tissue. The mean RFS using WLE and i-scan were, respectively: 11.8 (SD 6.1) and 11.3 (SD 5.6) in symptomatic and 7.3 (SD 5.7) and 7.3 (SD 5.2) in asymptomatic group. The inter-rater agreement of RFS using WLE and i-scan for both groups were good with intraclass correlation, ICC of 0.84 and 0.88 (laryngologists); and 0.85 and 0.81 (ORL). The intra-rater agreement among all four raters were good to excellent and similar for both WLE and i-scan (ICC of 0.80 to 0.99). 47 of 66 subjects had evidence of LPR on Dx-pH results which more specifically showed 39 subjects had "acid reflux" and 8 had "alkaline reflux". Sixteen subjects demonstrated a positive RYAN score but showed none were significantly correlated with their RFS.
CONCLUSIONS: This study reports the first utilization of real-time video chromoendoscopy with i-scan technology through high-definition flexible endoscopes to attempt to characterize laryngopharyngeal findings in patients suspected of having LPR. Both general otolaryngologists and laryngologists were equally capable of reliably calculating the RFS using both WLE and i-scan, however no significant improvement in agreement or change in RFS was found when i-scan technology was employed.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 2.
A  solid controlled release oral pharmaceutical dosage unit in the form of a tablet comprises a)  a  blend of 0.01-80% by weight of the tablet  of  a  dry powder of a pharmaceutical product, and b) 20-99.99% by weight of the tablet of a dry powder of high amylose starch wherein  the  dosage  unit is resistant  to  degradation  by amylase. The  high amylose starch comprises a mixture of from  10-60% by  weight of amylopectin and from 40-90% amylose.  The high amylose  starch  has  been covalently  cross-linked  with  a covalent  cross-linking agent wherein the cross-linking  has been  carried  out  with from 0.1 g to 30  grams  of  cross- linking agent per 100 g of the high amylose starch  A solid controlled release pharmaceutical dosage unit in the form of a tablet comprises: a) a pharmaceutical product; b)  high  amylose  starch, wherein the high  amylose  starch comprises 10-60% by weight amylopectin and 40-90% by  weight amylose; and c) a polysaccharide or a polyol. The high amylose starch and the polysaccharide or the polyol are   covalently  co-cross-linked  with  a  covalent  cross- linking  agent  and the cross-linking is  carried  out  with from  0.1 g to 30 g of cross-linking agent per 100 g of high amylose starch. The  cross-linked  high  amylose  starch  having  functional groups is prepared by: a)  reacting high amylose starch with a cross-linking  agent cross-linked  a  concentration of 0.1 g to 40  g  of  cross- linking  agent  per 100 g of high amylose starch  to  afford cross-linked amylose; and b)  reacting  the cross-linked high amylose  starch  with  a functional group-attaching reagent at a concentration of  75 g  to 250 g of functional group-attaching reagent per 100  g of  cross-linked amylose to afford the cross-linked  amylose having functional groups. The  functional  group attaching reagent is monochloroacetic acid and chloroethylamine hydrochloride.
Music therapy has been shown to be effective in hospitalized patients, reducing the level of stress and anxiety, lowering tension, regulating breathing and relieving pain. However, despite the fact that there are many precedents of this type in palliative care, the quality of the evidence is low. The present research seeks to determine whether a single responsive music therapy intervention combined with virtual reality (RMT+VR) reduces prevalent symptoms and improves their overall well-being in hospitalized adult patients with advanced oncologic disease receiving palliative care. This is a prospective study of a randomized clinical trial with a control group. The main variables are pain, exhaustion, drowsiness, nausea, loss of appetite, dyspnea, depression, anxiety, sleep and well-being as well as heart rate. The duration of the study will be 48 hours. After signing the informed consent, patients will be randomized on the first day receiving RMT+VR, or no intervention at all. The variables will be measured on three occasions, before and after each condition, and 24 hours later.
Chorionic gonadotropic hormone may be obtained from human pregnancy urine by adsorption of said hormone and associated impurities from said urine on to an ion exchange (e.g., zeolite) adsorbent and thereafter selectively desorbing and separating the hormone from the impurities, the desorbing steps being characterized by first desorbing mainly impurities from the absorbent by means of a substantially neutral mixture of water and a water-miscible organic solvent in concentrations of 60-95 per cent containing ammonium ions and thereafter treating the adsorbent with a substantially neutral mixture of water and a water-miscible organic solvent in concentrations of 10-50 per cent containing ammonium ions, whereby mainly hormone is removed from the adsorbent.  The solvent may be acetone, dioxane or an aliphatic alcohol containing four or less carbon atoms of which ethyl alcohol is preferred.  An ammonium salt of an organic carboxylic acid, particularly ammonium acetate, which salt is soluble in the particular solvent used, is the preferred source of ammonium ions.  In the example, urine is clarified by centrifuging, acidified to a pH 3.5 by glacial acetic acid, reclarified and passed through a bed of synthetic zeolite for several days, the rate of flow being maintained by overnight water washings. Adsorbed impurities are removed by an aqueous wash liquor containing ammonium acetate and 75 per cent by volume of ethyl alcohol and the hormone is then obtained by eluting the column with a 40 per cent by volume ethyl alcohol liquor containing ammonium acetate and adjusting the ethyl alcohol strength of the eluate to 85 per cent by volume. The hormone may be further purified by washing separately with 95 per cent ethyl alcohol and acetone.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 states that solutions containing ammonium hydroxide or sodium ions may be used in the desorbing steps.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
It will be played in groups of two for one hour once a week. The application will take 4 weeks.
Children determined to be at an increased risk for development of type 1 diabetes, either due to known genetic markers or due to family history of T1D, are followed from birth and monitored for development of T1D-related autoimmunity, on an annual basis. At annual clinic visits, participants are tested for development of these autoantibodies and data is collected related to environmental exposures. In addition to blood collection for determination of autoantibodies, serum and plasma are frozen, and stored for future analyses. Other biological samples collected for further future analysis include: throat swabs, rectal swabs, saliva, and urine. If T1D-related autoantibodies are detected, the participant is asked to increase the frequency of clinic visits to 2-4 visits per year in order to more closely monitor for onset of disease. The endpoint of the study is diagnosis of T1D per the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria.