anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Kidney transplantation from donors with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to recipients with HIV is an emerging practice. It has been performed since 2016 under the U.S. congressional HIV Organ Policy Equity Act and is currently approved for research only. The Department of Health and Human Services is considering expanding the procedure to clinical practice, but data are limited to small case series that did not include donors without HIV as controls.
METHODS: In an observational study conducted at 26 U.S. centers, we compared transplantation of kidneys from deceased donors with HIV and donors without HIV to recipients with HIV. The primary outcome was a safety event (a composite of death from any cause, graft loss, serious adverse event, HIV breakthrough infection, persistent failure of HIV treatment, or opportunistic infection), assessed for noninferiority (margin for the upper bound of the 95% confidence interval, 3.00). Secondary outcomes included overall survival, survival without graft loss, rejection, infection, cancer, and HIV superinfection.
RESULTS: We enrolled 408 transplantation candidates, of whom 198 received a kidney from a deceased donor; 99 received a kidney from a donor with HIV and 99 from a donor without HIV. The adjusted hazard ratio for the composite primary outcome was 1.00 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73 to 1.38), which showed noninferiority. The following secondary outcomes were similar whether the donor had HIV or not: overall survival at 1 year (94% vs. 95%) and 3 years (85% vs. 87%), survival without graft loss at 1 year (93% vs. 90%) and 3 years (84% vs. 81%), and rejection at 1 year (13% vs. 21%) and 3 years (21% vs. 24%). The incidence of serious adverse events, infections, surgical or vascular complications, and cancer was similar in the groups. The incidence of HIV breakthrough infection was higher among recipients of kidneys from donors with HIV (incidence rate ratio, 3.14; 95%, CI, 1.02 to 9.63), with one potential HIV superinfection among the 58 recipients in this group with sequence data and no persistent failures of HIV treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: In this observational study of kidney transplantation in persons with HIV, transplantation from donors with HIV appeared to be noninferior to that from donors without HIV. (Funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03500315.).
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a uremia therapeutic drug and uremia therapeutic food.  <P>SOLUTION: In the uremia therapeutic drug, a metal salt of a crosslinked cellulose derivative represented by the following general formula (I) is an active ingredient. In the formula R-O-A (I), R represents a crosslinked cellulose residue, A represents a functional group (a) having cation exchangeability. The functional group having cation exchangeability is a sulfonic acid group, a carboxyl group, a phosphoric acid group, and the like. A concrete compound for the crosslinked cellulose derivative includes a sulfated cellulose calcium salt and the like.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Patients would not normally have a PET-MRI as well as planning scan. In this experimental arm, patients will be given a PET-MRI within 1 week of the planning scan.
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) may have grave consequences for patients. In the case of sepsis, the 30-day mortality rate is about 25%. HAIs cost EU member states an estimated 7 billion Euros annually. Clinical decision support tools may be useful for infection monitoring, early warning, and alerts. MONI, a tool for monitoring nosocomial infections, is used at University Hospital Vienna, but needs to be clinically and technically revised and updated. A new, completely configurable pipeline-based system for defining and processing HAI definitions was developed and validated. A network of data access points, clinical rules, and explanatory output is arranged as an inference network, a clinical pipeline as it is called, and processed in a stepwise manner. Arden-Syntax-based medical logic modules were used to implement the respective rules. The system was validated by creating a pipeline for the ECDC PN5 pneumonia rule. It was tested on a set of patient data from intensive care medicine. The results were compared with previously obtained MONI output as a suitable reference, yielding a sensitivity of 93.8% and a specificity of 99.8%. Clinical pipelines show promise as an open and configurable approach to graphically-based, human-readable, machine-executable HAI definitions.
Acute inflammation has the potential for the recruitment of immune cells, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance thereby overcoming the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment caused by chronic inflammation. Here, an acute inflammation inducer using bacteria outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) loaded in thermal-sensitive hydrogel (named OMVs-gel) for localized and controlled release of OMVs in tumor sites is proposed. OMVs trigger neutrophil recruitment and amplify acute inflammation inside tumor tissues. The hydrogel ensures drastic inflammation is confined within the tumor, addressing biosafety concerns that the direct administration of free OMVs may cause fatal effects. This strategy eradicated solid tumors safely and rapidly. The study further elucidates one of the possible immune mechanisms of OMVs-gel therapy, which involves the assembly of antitumor neutrophils and elastase release for selective tumor killing. Additionally, tumor vascular destruction induced by OMVs-gel results in tumor darkening, allowing for combinational photothermal therapy. The findings suggest that the use of OMVs-gel can safely induce acute inflammation and enhance antitumor immunity, representing a promising strategy to promote acute inflammation application in tumor immunotherapy.
BACKGROUND: In Uganda, village health workers (VHWs) manage childhood illness under the integrated community case management (iCCM) strategy. Care is provided for malaria, pneumonia, and diarrhoea in a community setting. Currently, there is limited evidence on the cost-effectiveness of iCCM in comparison to health facility-based management for childhood illnesses. This study examined the cost-effectiveness of the management of childhood illness using the VHW-led iCCM against health facility-based services in rural south-western Uganda.
METHODS: Data on the costs and effectiveness of VHW-led iCCM versus health facility-based services for the management of childhood illness was collected in one sub-county in rural southwestern Uganda. Costing was performed using the ingredients approach. Effectiveness was measured as the number of under-five children appropriately treated. The Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) was calculated from the provider perspective.
RESULTS: Based on the decision model for this study, the cost for 100 children treated was US$628.27 under the VHW led iCCM and US$87.19 for the health facility based services, while the effectiveness was 77 and 71 children treated for VHW led iCCM and health facility-based services, respectively. An ICER of US$6.67 per under five-year child treated appropriately for malaria, pneumonia and diarrhoea was derived for the provider perspective.
CONCLUSION: The health facility based services are less costly when compared to the VHW led iCCM per child treated appropriately. The VHW led iCCM was however more effective with regard to the number of children treated appropriately for malaria, pneumonia and diarrhoea. Considering the public health expenditure per capita for Uganda as the willingness to pay threshold, VHW led iCCM is a cost-effective strategy. VHW led iCCM should, therefore, be enhanced and sustained as an option to complement the health facility-based services for treatment of childhood illness in rural contexts.
BRL-101 (autologous CD34+ hHSPCs modified with CRISPR-Cas9 at the erythroid lineage-specific enhancer of the BCL11A gene). Subjects will receive a single infusion of BRL-101.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a highly specific vascular complication of diabetes mellitus, with prevalence strongly related to a number of risk factors including the duration of diabetes, the level of glycaemic control, etc. Diabetic retinopathy affects over one third of all people with diabetes and is one of the leading causes of vision loss. It is recommended that optimising glycaemic control could reduce the risk or slow the progression of diabetic retinopathy, and that the management of diabetes and its complications should include screening for diabetic retinopathy. A randomised trial is therefore needed of the use of a simple and widely practicable approach to explore the integration of eye care in managing diabetes. The trial is designed as a randomised, controlled, superiority trial. The aim is to explore the effectiveness of ophthalmologist-delivered health education on top of routine community care on blood glucose and eye-related clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetic patients at risk for diabetic retinopathy. Participants will be randomly assigned to either control or intervention group with a 1:1 allocation as per computer-generated random numbers. A senior onsite manager will monitor participant enrolment over the course of the study. An ophthalmologist-delivered health education will be offered as the intervention in an individualised, face-to-face counselling session to build awareness on diabetes symptoms, particularly on diabetic retinopathy, and its risk factors with appropriate management. All subjects, regardless of the group allocation, will be followed up for 12 months. Baseline and follow-up profiles will be assessed and collected by clinical personnel blind to group allocation. The intervention arm will be compared against the control for all primary analysis. The study was partly supported by the Open Research Funds of the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology. Trial results will be disseminated to key stakeholders and the general medical community.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role and function of eIF6 in gastric cancer (GC).
METHODS: The expression level of eIF6 in GC tissues and normal tissues was detected in different high-throughput sequencing cohorts. Survival analysis, gene differential analysis, and enrichment analysis were performed in the TCGA cohort. Biological networks centered on eIF6 were constructed through two different databases. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot were used to detect protein expression of eIF6, and qRT-PCR was used to detect eIF6 mRNA expression. The correlation between the expression of eIF6 in GC tissues and clinicopathological parameters of GC was analyzed. siRNA knockout of eIF6 was used to study the proliferation, migration, and invasion. The effects of eIF6 on cell cycle and Cyclin B1 were detected by flow cytometry and Western blot.
RESULTS: eIF6 was significantly overexpressed in GC tissues and predicted poor prognosis. In addition, 113 differentially expressed genes were detected in cancer-related biological pathways and functions by differential analysis. Biological networks revealed interactions of genes and proteins with eIF6. The expression intensity of eIF6 in cancer tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues (P = 0.0001), confirming the up-regulation of eIF6 expression in GC tissues. The expression level of eIF6 was statistically significant with pTNM stage (P = 0.006). siRNA knockout of eIF6 significantly reduced the proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion ability of GC cells. Silencing of eIF6 also inhibited the cell cycle of GC cells in G2/M phase and decreased the expression level of CyclinB1.
CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that eIF6 is up-regulated in GC and may promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC by regulating cell cycle.
pp32 is a member of a highly conserved family of differentiation-regulated nuclear proteins that is highly expressed in nearly all human prostatic adenocarcinomas of Gleason Grade ≥5. This contrasts with the low percentage of prostate tumors that express molecular alterations in proto-oncogenes or demonstrate tumor suppressor mutation or loss of heterozygosity. By analysis of specimens of human prostatic adenocarcinoma and paired adjacent normal prostate from three individual patients, the inventors have shown that normal prostate continues to express normal pp32, whereas three of three sets of RT-PCR-amplified transcripts from prostatic adenocarcinomas display multiple cancer-associated coding sequence changes. The cancer-associated sequence changes appear to be functionally significant. Normal pp32 exerts antineoplastic effects through suppression of transformation. In contrast, cancer-associated pp32 variants augment, rather than inhibit, transformation.
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Researchers have delved into noninvasive diagnostic methods of renal fibrosis (RF) in chronic kidney disease, including ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and radiomics. However, the value of these diagnostic methods in the noninvasive diagnosis of RF remains contentious. Consequently, the present study aimed to systematically delineate the accuracy of the noninvasive diagnosis of RF.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search covering PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for all data available up to 28 July 2023 was conducted for eligible studies.
RESULTS: We included 21 studies covering 4885 participants. Among them, nine studies utilized US as a noninvasive diagnostic method, eight studies used MRI, and four articles employed radiomics. The sensitivity and specificity of US for detecting RF were 0.81 (95% CI: 0.76-0.86) and 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72-0.84). The sensitivity and specificity of MRI were 0.77 (95% CI: 0.70-0.83) and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.85-0.96). The sensitivity and specificity of radiomics were 0.69 (95% CI: 0.59-0.77) and 0.78 (95% CI: 0.68-0.85).
CONCLUSIONS: The current early noninvasive diagnostic methods for RF include US, MRI, and radiomics. However, this study demonstrates that US has a higher sensitivity for the detection of RF compared to MRI. Compared to US, radiomics studies based on US did not show superior advantages. Therefore, challenges still exist in the current radiomics approaches for diagnosing RF, and further exploration of optimized artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms and technologies is needed.
More than 1.8 million people in the United States suffer from chronic pain and disability following motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) each year. The majority of these cases start with a relatively minor neck injury. The Quebec Task Force Study on Whiplash Associated Disorders (WAD) was created in 1989 to determine the clinical, public health, social, and financial determinants of WAD. Multiple studies have described the clinical features of WAD, which include neck, shoulder, arm, low back, and head pain; tinnitus; visual symptoms; dizziness; temporomandibular joint pain; and paraesthesias. Onset of these symptoms after the injury is usually delayed for several hours and worsens within 24 to 48 hours. Neck pain is the most frequent symptom, and between 14% and 42% of patients with WAD develop chronic neck pain symptoms. Studies suggest that the neck pain will either resolve in the first few months or persist indefinitely. One variable that may predict outcome after an MVA is the acute emotional response immediately after the MVA.

A severe emotional reaction accompanied by neck pain and stiffness after an MVA could lead an injured person to avoid subsequent physical activity through such mechanisms as fear avoidance and fear of reinjury. Research investigating the evolution of chronic pain due to musculoskeletal injury suggests that initial emotional reactivity, particularly fear of reinjury and subsequent activity avoidance, contributes significantly to unremitting pain and persistent disability. Research based on this model has shown that early interventions targeting normalization of excessive emotionality and restriction of activities associated with fear following injury effectively prevent chronic pain due to back injury. No previous study has sought to intervene during the first three months after an MVA with a behavioral and physical exercise program to encourage activity and discourage continued fear of movement, pain and disability.

This study consists of two primary components: (1) To compare the effectiveness of two anxiety-reduction treatments with standard care in reducing pain and activity limitations in patients with WADs 2 to 3 months following MVAs. (2) To test whether psychological responses to the initial trauma, such as fear avoidance, fear of injury, and negative affectivity, discriminate between symptomatic WAD patients and WAD sufferers whose symptoms had resolved 2 to 3 months post-MVA.
Aging is characterized by a progressive loss of physical and functional integrity, which progressively affects the health of the body. A peculiar characteristic of aging is the increase in the number of senescent cells, which have entered a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest after exceeding a level of inherent or environmental stress. Although cellular senescence is an essential process for several physiological processes, it plays a detrimental role in a large number of age-related pathologies. A first aspect of the invention provides a composition of plant extracts to alleviate the effects of aging that comprises an asiaticoside content of at least 6.0% by weight, preferably from a centella asiatica extract, a verbascoside content of at least 2 .5% by weight preferably from a cistanche extract, a hesperidin content of at least 12.5% by weight, preferably from a sweet orange extract and a punicalagin content of at least 3.0% by weight, preferably from a pomegranate extract. A composition such as that described above prevents the negative effects of aging by reducing the number of cells that reach the state of senescence, due to the ability of said formulation to prevent or reduce the shortening of telomeres during cell division. This composition is particularly indicated to prevent the effects of aging on the skin.  (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
PURPOSE: A T1-T2 dual modal MRI contrast agent is provided to improve accuracy of MRI diagnosis and reduce diagnosis time and cost. CONSTITUTION: A T1-T2 dual modal MRI contrast agent contains a first layer having T1 contrast material, second layer containing T2 contrast material, and separating layer which suppresses interaction between the T1 and T2 contrast materials. The T1 contrast material is metal, ion, metal compound, metal complex compound or mixture structure thereof. The separating layer inorganic, organic, or mixture structure thereof. The T2 contrast material is metal, metal compound, metal alloy, or mixture structure thereof. The T1-T2 dual modal MRI contrast agent has sphere, stick, column, plate, layered structure, core-satellite structure, porous structure, host-guest structure or there variation structure.
In this group, participants will perform the cross-education resistance exercise in front of the mirror, visualizing the performance of the resistance exercises. Participants randomized to cross education with mirror visual feedback will be provided with both a hand-grip strengthener and a portable mirror and stand, and instructed with accompanying demonstration on how to set up on a table for comfortable visualization. They will be given written, illustrated instructions for performing mirror visualization hand grip strengthening exercises completed by the uninjured hand only from a position of neutral rotation of the forearm. The instructions will ask for the participant to complete 3 sets of 10 repetitions twice daily, with additional instructions for appropriate grading of resistance. A diary for tracking exercise completion and attendance for usual care will also be provided.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to externally validate the "Deformity, Edema, and Pain in Pronation" model, which determines the necessity for radiography in patients with wrist trauma.
METHODS: This prospective, cross-sectional study was performed in a tertiary emergency department (ED). All patients admitted to the ED with wrist trauma aged 18 years and older were included in the study. Patients who did not have acute and blunt wrist trauma, those who could not be fully examined due to various reasons, and patients who did not wish to participate were excluded. Each patient was examined by their responsible physician, and imaging tests were requested based on the indications. All radiographic images were evaluated by an orthopedic surgeon who was blinded to the clinical information. This evaluation was accepted as the standard reference for diagnosing fractures.
RESULTS: 391 patients were included in the study. 170 patients (43.5%) had at least one fracture. The sensitivity and specificity of the model formed in our study in predicting wrist fractures were 98.77% (95% CI: 95.61-99.85) and 27.60% (95% CI 21.82-34.00), respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) on external validation of the model was 0.878 (p < 0.001; 95% CI: 0.844-0.913). With the practice of this rule, there would be a 16% decrease in X-ray imaging request, while only 0.5% patients would have missed inoperable fractures.
CONCLUSION: The "deformity, edema, and pain in pronation" model is a reliable and practical clinical decision rule for determining the necessity of radiography in wrist trauma.
BACKGROUND: The causal associations of lipids and the drug target genes with atrial fibrillation (AF) risk remain obscure. We aimed to investigate the causal associations using genetic evidence.
METHODS: Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted using summary-level genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in European and East Asian populations. Lipid profiles (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and lipoprotein[a]) and lipid-modifying drug target genes (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, NPC1-like intracellular cholesterol transporter 1, apolipoprotein C3, angiopoietin-like 3, and lipoprotein[a]) were used as exposures. AF was used as an outcome. The inverse variance weighted method was applied as the primary method. Summary-data-based Mendelian randomization analyses were performed for further validation using expression quantitative trait loci data. Mediation analyses were conducted to explore the indirect effect of coronary heart disease.
RESULTS: In the European population, MR analyses demonstrated that elevated levels of lipoprotein(a) increased AF risk. Moreover, analyses focusing on drug targets revealed that the genetically proxied target gene LPA, which simulates the effects of drug intervention by reducing lipoprotein(a), exhibited an association with AF risk. This association was validated in independent datasets. There were no consistent and significant associations observed for other traits when analyzed in different datasets. This finding was also corroborated by Summary-data-based Mendelian randomization analyses between LPA and AF. Mediation analyses revealed that coronary heart disease plays a mediating role in this association. However, in the East Asian population, no statistically significant evidence was observed to support these associations.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provided genetic evidence that Lp(a) may be a causal factor for AF and that LPA may represent a promising pharmacological target for preventing AF in the European population.