anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
It has been demonstrated that calreticulin (CALR) is expressed abnormally in various tumors and is involved in the occurrence and development of tumors. In this study, CALR and EIF2AK2 expression was measured in the clinical specimens of 39 patients with melanoma. Then, we constructed knockdown and overexpression cell models of CALR and EIF2AK2 and used wound healing and Transwell assays to observe cell migration and invasion. Apoptosis, EDU, and ROS assays were used to measure cell apoptosis and proliferation, as well as ROS levels. The effect of CALR on endoplasmic reticulum stress was detected using endoplasmic reticulum fluorescent probes. Western blotting was used to detect protein levels of CALR, EIF2AK2, ADAR1, and MMP14. The results indicated that CALR and EIF2AK2 expression levels were significantly higher in human melanoma tissues than in adjacent non-tumor tissue. In addition, we found a correlation between CALR and the expression of EIF2AK2 and MMP14, and the experimental results indicated that overexpression of CALR significantly upregulated the expression of EIF2AK2, MMP14, and ADAR1, while knockdown of CALR inhibited their expression. Notably, the knockdown of EIF2AK2 in the CALR overexpression group blocked the upregulation of MMP14 and ADAR1 expression by CALR, and the knockdown of both CALR and EIF2AK2 significantly inhibited MMP14 and ADAR1 expression. In conclusion, CALR and EIF2AK2 play a promoting role in melanoma progression, and knockdown of CALR and EIF2AK2 may be an effective anti-tumor target, and its mechanism may be through MMP14, ADAR1 signaling.
PURPOSE:To remarkably extend the range of use by readily producing an antibody vaccine difficult to produce at low cost up to the present. CONSTITUTION:A part of a pathogenic microorganism (coli bacillus, Lactobacillus, other microorganisms, etc., harmful to human body) is added to a microorganisms (e.g. biffidobacterium, yeast), whey, mineral, enzyme, etc., beneficial to the human body to produce an antibody against the above- mentioned pathogenic microorganism. The resultant antibody is subsequently introduced into the pathogenic microorganism. Thereby, the objective antibody vaccine can be produced and the pathogenic microorganism itself is killed or weakened at the same time so as to enable a double effect of relatively ready production of the antibody vaccine and eradication of the pathogenic microorganism itself. In addition, this method is applicable to many fields such as medicinal field, gene engineering, bacteriological field and pathological field.
The glycemic index (GI) was introduced by Jenkins and co-workers in the early 1980s, and is a concept for ranking of carbohydrate foods based on their effect on postprandial glycaemia. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of the effect of low GI diets in the management of diabetes showed a beneficial effect (i.e., a reduction in HbA1c) of low GI versus high GI foods. However, several critical points concerning the GI concept remain, for instance, how to apply it in practical every day life, how to calculate GI in mixed meals, how to find relevant low GI foods, how to ensure compliance to a low GI diet. The most important issue, however, is the fact that studies on the long-term effects of a low GI diet in type 1 diabetes are lacking. In this study, the critical issue of finding palatable low GI foods will be solved in close collaboration with the food industry. This may lead to the development of new commercial products with low GI, which is necessary if low GI diets are to be advocated for diabetics in the future.

Comparison(s): A low glycemic index diet, compared to a medium/normal glycemic index diet.
Excessive body weight may disrupt hepatic enzymes that may be aggravated by obesity-related comorbidities. The current case-control study was designed to evaluate the extent of liver enzyme alteration in obesity-related metabolic disorders. Obese females with BMI ≥ 30 suffering from metabolic disorders were grouped according to existing co-morbidity and their hepatic enzymes were compared with non-obese healthy females. The resultant data was subjected to analysis of variance and mean difference in liver enzymes were calculated at P = 0.05. Analysis of variance indicated that obese diabetic and obese hypertensive females had almost 96% and 67% increase in the concentration of gamma-glutamyl transferase than control, respectively (P<0.0001). The obese females suffering from diabetes and hypertension exhibited nearly 54% enhancement in alanine transaminase level (P<0.0001) and a 17% increase in aspartate aminotransferase concentration (P = 0.0028). Obesity along with infertility decline liver enzyme production and a 31% significant decline in aspartate aminotransferase was observed while other enzyme concentrations were not significantly altered. Regression analysis was performed on the resultant data to understand the association between liver enzyme alteration and the development of metabolic diseases. Regression analysis indicated that obese diabetic and obese diabetic hypertensive women had 20% production of normal liver enzymes and 80% enzymes produced abnormally. Obese hypertensive and obese infertile females had only 5% and 6% normal production of liver enzymes, respectively. This research leads to the conclusion that the ability of the liver to function normally is reduced in obesity-related diabetes and hypertension. This may be due to inflamed and injured liver and poses a serious threat to developing fatty liver disease and ultimately liver cirrhosis.
Mechanical bowel preparation using PEG, neomycin 2g p.o. (single-dose), and metronidazole 2g p.o. (single dose) are given the day before surgery.
CARNITOR® (levocarnitine) Tablets.

Adults: The recommended oral dosage for adults is 990 mg two or three times a day using the 330 mg tablets, depending on clinical response.

Infants and children: The recommended oral dosage for infants and children is between 50 and 100 mg/kg/day in divided doses, with a maximum of 3 g/day. Dosage should begin at 50 mg/kg/day. The exact dosage will depend on clinical response.

Monitoring should include periodic blood chemistries, vital signs, plasma carnitine concentrations and overall clinical condition.

CARNITOR® (levocarnitine) Oral Solution and CARNITOR® SF (levocarnitine) Sugar-Free Oral Solution.

For oral use only. Not for parenteral use.

Adults: The recommended dosage of levocarnitine is 1 to 3 g/day for a 50 kg subject, which is equivalent to 10 to 30 mL/day of CARNITOR® (levocarnitine) Oral Solution or CARNITOR® SF (levocarnitine) Sugar-Free Oral Solution. Higher doses should be administered only with caution and only where clinical and biochemical considerations make it seem likely that higher doses will be of benefit. Dosage should start at 1 g/day, (10 mL/day), and be increased slowly while assessing tolerance and therapeutic response. Monitoring should include periodic blood chemistries, vital signs, plasma carnitine concentrations, and overall clinical condition.

Infants and children: The recommended dosage of levocarnitine is 50 to 100 mg/kg/day which is equivalent to 0.5 mL/kg/day CARNITOR® (levocarnitine) Oral Solution or CARNITOR® SF (levocarnitine) Sugar-Free Oral Solution. Higher doses should be administered only with caution and only where clinical and biochemical considerations make it seem likely that higher doses will be of benefit. Dosage should start at 50 mg/kg/day, and be increased slowly to a maximum of 3 g/day (30 mL/day) while assessing tolerance and therapeutic response. Monitoring should include periodic blood chemistries, vital signs, plasma carnitine concentrations, and overall clinical condition.

CARNITOR® (levocarnitine) Oral Solution or CARNITOR® SF (levocarnitine) Sugar-Free Oral Solution may be consumed alone or dissolved in drink or other liquid food. Doses should be spaced evenly throughout the day (every three or four hours) preferably during or following meals and should be consumed slowly in order to maximize tolerance.
Despite the significant scientific advancement in deciphering the "deaths of despair" narrative, most relevant studies have focused on drug-, alcohol-, and suicide-related (DAS) deaths. This study directly investigated despair as a determinant of death and the temporal variation and racial heterogeneity among individuals. We used psychological distress (PD) as a proxy for despair and drew data from the US National Health Interview Survey-Linked Mortality Files 1997 to 2014, CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Multiple Cause of Death database 1997 to 2014, CDC bridged-race population files 1997 to 2014, Current Population Survey 1997 to 1999, and the American Community Survey 2000 to 2014. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate mortality hazard ratios of PD and compared age-standardized PD- and DAS-related mortality rates by race/ethnicity and over time. We found that while Whites had a lower prevalence of PD than Blacks and Hispanics throughout the whole period, they underwent distinctive increases in PD-related death and have had a higher PD-related mortality rate than Blacks and Hispanics since the early 2000s. This was predominantly due to Whites' relatively high and increasing vulnerability to PD less the prevalence of PD. Furthermore, PD induced a more pervasive mortality consequence than DAS combined for Whites and Blacks. In addition, PD- and DAS-related deaths displayed a concordant trend among Whites but divergent patterns for Blacks and Hispanics. These findings suggest that 1) DAS-related deaths underestimated the mortality consequence of despair for Whites and Blacks but overestimated it for Hispanics; and 2) despair partially contributed to the DAS trend among Whites but probably not for Blacks and Hispanics.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Spinal CSF leaks cause spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Several types of leaks have been identified, and one of these types is the lateral dural tear. Performing myelography with the patient in the decubitus position allows precise characterization of these leaks. The purpose of the current study was to describe the different variants of spontaneous lateral CSF leaks.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included a consecutive group of patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension and lateral CSF leaks who underwent digital subtraction myelography in the decubitus position and underwent surgery to repair the CSF leak between July 2018 and June 2023.
RESULTS: The mean age of the 53 patients (37 women and 16 men) was 35.5 years. Three different variants of lateral CSF leak could be identified. Forty-nine patients (92.5%) had a lateral dural tear associated with the nerve root sleeve. The dural tear was at the axilla of the nerve root sleeve in 36 patients (67.9%) and at the shoulder in 13 patients (24.5%). Four patients (7.5%) had a lateral dural tear at the level of the pedicle that was not associated with the nerve root sleeve. Findings on digital subtraction myelography were concordant with intraoperative findings in all patients. An extradural CSF collection was seen in all patients with a lateral dural tear associated with the nerve root sleeve but in only 2 of the 4 patients with the pedicular variant of a lateral dural tear.
CONCLUSIONS: We identified 3 variants of spontaneous lateral dural tears. Most lateral dural tears are associated with extradural CSF collections and arise from either the axilla (67.9%) or the shoulder (24.5%) of the nerve root sleeve. Lateral dural tears at the level of the pedicle (7.5%) not associated with the nerve root sleeve are uncommon and may require specialized imaging for their detection.
INTRODUCTION: Chest drains are often a great source of pain and anxiety in paediatric patients. While there is growing evidence to support the selective omission of chest drains after thorascopic lung resection in children, the safety of this practice following open lung resection has yet to be evaluated. Chest drains are not routinely placed at our institution. We therefore aimed to describe our experience of selective chest drain placement in children undergoing open lung resection, and report the safety and complication profile of this practice.
METHODS: Retrospective review of all open lung resections performed at Wellington Regional Hospital, in children < 16 years of age, from June 2009 to June 2022. Clinical, radiological and operative outcomes were identified and analyzed. The cohort was divided into two groups - those that had a chest drain placed intraoperatively, and those that did not.
RESULTS: 35 children underwent open lung resection over the study period. The mean operative age was 8.0 ± 5.4 months, with the most common resection being a lobectomy (80%). Eight children (23%) did not have a chest drain placed, whereas the remaining 29 children (77%) had at least one drain placed intraoperatively, with a median drainage time of 3.0 days. Length of stay was significantly shorter in children who did not have a chest drain placed intraoperatively, compared to those that did (2.5 vs. 5.0 days, p = 0.019). There were no significant differences observed in complication or reintervention rates between the two groups. Similarly, there were no significant differences in the incidence of a residual pneumothorax or effusion on the pre-discharge CXR between the groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Chest drains may not always be required following open paediatric lung resection. The selective omission of a chest drain following open lung resection, does not appear to result in a significantly higher rate of complications or reintervention, and is associated with significantly shorter hospital length of stay.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To elucidate a DNA-repairing mechanism in mammals, and to provide a method for treating and diagnosing a related disease.  <P>SOLUTION: The present invention relates to a nucleic acid sequence encoding human TFIIH 8kDa subunit and a related sequence. The nucleic acid can be used for a method for producing the TFIIH subunit and for a method for diagnosing or treating transcription and NER deficiency [especially in several forms of trichothiodystrophy(TTD)]. HTFB5/TTDA gene and a coded protein can be used for therapeutic or genetically therapeutic products targeting the treatment of congenital NER lesion. A molecular probe or antibody specific to TTDA can be used for a method for diagnosing lesions in the basic transcription, NER and TCR activities of mammals.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
The pesent invention relates to an aqueous pharmaceutical composition adapted for parenteral administration of tapentadol or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof. The composition has a pH value of at least 5.4. Said composition additionally contains a buffer solution, but does not contain any preservative. The concentration of tapentadol in said composition is below 50 mg/mL, based on the total volume of the composition. The present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical dosage form comprising said pharmaceutical composition. The present invention provides such pharmaceutical formulation of tapentadol that have advantages over the pharmaceutical formulations of the prior art.
Acute respiratory failure is a heterogeneous disorder that results in more than 300,000 Americans requiring admission to an intensive care unit for invasive mechanical ventilatory support each year. Though acute respiratory failure is a pulmonary disorder, patients who survive are not limited by respiratory symptoms after discharge. Rather persistent neuromuscular weakness is the primary disorder that adversely affects their quality of life and ability to function on a daily basis. Weakness in these survivors is related to the development of critical illness polyneuromyopathy (CIPNM). Presently, there are no therapies to treat the estimated 110,000 acute respiratory failure survivors who have developed CIPNM each year. Based on the results of our national surveys of physical therapists and intensive care physicians, the utilization and types of physical therapy for patients recovering from acute respiratory failure with neuromuscular weakness varies significantly depending on the type of hospital and primary diagnosis of the patient. The investigators plan to perform a randomized clinical trial to determine the effectiveness of an intensive four week physical therapy program for patients with acute respiratory failure. This trial will determine the efficacy of the physical therapy programs that is currently performed in a non-evidence based manner for patients with acute respiratory failure across the United States. If successful, this study will pave the way for a larger multi-center clinical trial of intensive physical therapy for survivors of acute respiratory failure.
The eye exam at the first appointment will consist of anamnesis, external motor, evaluating strabismus and nystagmus, visual acuity with and without correction, biomicroscopy, fundoscopy, binocular ultrasound biometry, pachymetry and specular microscopy. The surgery will be performed by a single surgeon under general anesthesia. All participants will receive primary intraocular lens implantation as the randomization process, or hydrophobic acrylic material or hydrophilic acrylic. The implanted intraocular lens differ primarily in the material. The lens of hydrophobic acrylic materials (AcrySof SA60AT, Alcon Lab) single, folding part, material acrylate / methacrylate with UV protection AcrySof filter, optical diameter of 6.0 mm, total length of 13.0 mm, haptic angle of 0 degree with 360 degree double square edge, spherical convex earlier. The lens hydrophilic acrylic material (Akreos ADAPT, Bausch and Lomb) single, folding piece with optical diameter 6.00 mm and length de10.7 mm aspheric convex in anterior and posterior with absorbent UV, haptic angle 0 degree angulation . It has 4 attachment points (haptics) with 360 degree square double edge.
The present invention relates to vaccine formulation capable of eliciting protective immune response against Chikungunya virus infection in humans and other mammalian hosts. The immunogenic formulation comprises purified inactivated Chikungunya virus in a stable formulation. Methods of propagation and purification of the virus are discussed. The inactivated virus formulation is non-infectious, immunogenic and elicits protective immune response in mammalian host. The immunogenic composition is formulated for in vivo administration to humans. The invention also discusses the strategy of developing a subunit vaccine using the recombinant viral proteins as antigens for immunization. The recombinant virus antigens that are potentially immunogenic can be used in diagnosing for the presence of the virus.
AIMS: Hypertriglyceridemia is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, whether or not it predicts the risk of CKD progression is unknown. This study evaluated the association between serum triglyceride (TG) levels and kidney disease progression in patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD.
METHODS: The Fukuoka Kidney disease Registry (FKR) study was a multicenter, prospective longitudinal cohort study. In total, 4,100 patients with CKD were followed up for 5 years. The primary outcome was the incidence of CKD progression, defined as a ≥ 1.5-fold increase in serum creatinine level or the development of end-stage kidney disease. The patients were divided into quartiles according to baseline serum TG levels under non-fasting conditions: Q1 <87 mg/dL; Q2, 87-120 mg/dL; Q3, 121-170 mg/dL, and Q4 >170 mg/dL.
RESULTS: During the 5-year observation period, 1,410 patients met the criteria for CKD progression. The multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model showed a significant association between high serum TG level and the risk of CKD progression in the model without macroalbuminuria as a covariate (multivariable hazard ratio[HR] for Q4 versus Q1, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.03-1.41; P=0.022), but the significance disappeared after adjusting for macroalbuminuria (HR for Q4 versus Q1, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.90-1.24; P=0.507).
CONCLUSIONS: The present findings suggest that individuals with high serum TG levels are more likely to develop CKD progression than those without; however, whether or not higher serum TG levels reflect elevated macroalbuminuria or lead to CKD progression via elevated macroalbuminuria is unclear.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) will be delivered at 10 Hz, 2000 pulses targeting the hand representation of the left primary motor cortex. Immediately following rTMS, participants will perform sensorimotor training. Nerve stimulation will be applied to the second through fifth digits and the wrist of the affected limb to cue movement. This intervention will be performed approximately 4 days per week for 4 weeks. In addition, participants will experience their standard medical care.
Abuse is the intentional, non-therapeutic use of a drug, even once, for its desirable psychological or physiological effects. In a human abuse potential study conducted in recreational sedative abusers (n=39), single doses of XCOPRI (200 mg and 400 mg) were compared to placebo. XCOPRI at single doses of 400 mg produced responses on positive subjective measures such as “Drug Liking,” “Overall Drug Liking,” “Take Drug Again,” and “Good Drug Effects” that were statistically greater than the responses produced on these measures by placebo. In this study, euphoric mood occurred at greater extent with XCOPRI (400 mg) (8%) than with placebo (0%). Phase 1 multiple ascending dose studies in healthy subjects showed rates of euphoria and feeling drunk of about 3% and disturbance in attention of about 5% in subjects who received supratherapeutic doses of cenobamate, but these adverse events were absent in the placebo group. In Phase 2 and 3 studies in subjects with epilepsy, euphoric mood, confusional state, and sedation occurred at low rates in subjects who received XCOPRI (0.5-2.5%).
Patients receive auranofin PO BID on days 1-28. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.