anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
As the soil of life, the composition and shaping process of the immune microenvironment of the uterus is worth exploring. Macrophages, indispensable constituents of the innate immune system, are essential mediators of inflammation and tissue remodeling as well. Recent insights into the heterogeneity of macrophage subpopulations have renewed interest in their functional diversity in both physiological and pathological settings. Macrophages display remarkable plasticity and switch from one phenotype to another. Intrinsic plasticity enables tissue macrophages to perform a variety of functions in response to changing tissue contexts, such as cancer and pregnancy. The remarkable diversity and plasticity make macrophages particularly intriguing cells given their dichotomous role in either attacking or protecting tumors and semi-allogeneic fetuses, which of both are characterized functionally by immunomodulation and neovascularization. Here, we reviewed and compared novel perspectives on macrophage biology of these two settings, including origin, phenotype, differentiation, and essential roles in corresponding microenvironments, as informed by recent studies on the heterogeneity of macrophage identity and function, as well as their mechanisms that might offer opportunities for new therapeutic strategies on malignancy and pregnancy complications.
Patients with suspected catheter-related infection (CRI) and with one central venous catheter for at least 7 days were included. The area under the curve (AUC) of the Maki technique, the vortexing technique and the combination of both techniques for the diagnosis of catheter tip colonization (CTC) and diagnosis of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) were compared.
The first 12 months (Phase 1: Formative Research) will be an intervention development/adaptation phase. Using a community-based participatory approach (n=18 age- and PrEP use profile-specific focus groups, of at least 4-5 participants each, totaling 72-90), participants will be asked about the social network dynamics and characteristics (e.g., influential network members, communication about PrEP as an HIV prevention method) that influenced their decision to initiate PrEP. Among participants with no PrEP use, they will be asked about the acceptability and feasibility of talking with PrEP-using Black SMM within their respective social network to support initiation along with preferences for relevant PrEP-related information from peers.

The following 12 months (Phase 2: Open-phase Pilot Study) will involve conducting an open pilot of the SNS intervention, in up to six batches of up to 5 participants (n=30), allowing for further intervention refinement. This will allow us to demonstrate participant feasibility and acceptance, which includes the ability to recruit network members, feasibility of intervention delivery, and changes in participant behaviors. It will allow for further evaluation of the feasibility of all study procedures, and refinement of intervention manual. Therefore, the expected outcome is a culturally relevant SNS intervention to increase PrEP initiation among Black SMM through PrEP-using social network members.
For the placebo arm, 40 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride solution will be drawn into a polyvinylchloride container identical in appearance to the containers used for the IVMg arms. After randomization the institutional pharmacist will draw dosages (1 mL/kg, with max of 40 mL) from previously prepared vials. The dose will be delivered by the clinical nurse over 20 minutes through a peripheral IV.
According to clinical evidence, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and osteomyelitis (OM) are currently the 2 major causes of mortality and morbidity in humans. Despite accounts of their coexistence, there is still no understanding of their fundamental connection. We attempted to assess the causal effect of T2D on OM using the two-sample Mendelian randomization method. The whole gene-wide association study's aggregate data were examined. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms, which have a substantial correlation with T2D, were used as instrumental variables in a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to assess the causal relationship between T2D and OM risk using the inverse variance weighting, MR-egger regression, and weighted median approaches, respectively. A total of 114 single-nucleotide polymorphism were used as instrumental variables in this analysis. The inverse variance-weighted analysis showed a significant causal relationship between T2D and OM, indicating that T2D has a detrimental effect on OM risk. The odds ratio for the causal effect of T2D on OM was 1.317, with a 95% confidence interval of (1.140, 1.522) (P < .001). To assess heterogeneity, Cochran Q test statistics and MR-Egger regression were applied in the inverse variance-weighted technique. The P-value of .737 indicated a considerable level of heterogeneity was not absent in the data. This study used Mendelian randomization analysis to establish a causal relationship between T2D and OM. The findings suggest that T2D may increase the risk of OM.
The invention discloses a vaccine adjuvant for a swine enzootic pneumonia vaccine, which mainly comprises levamisol, polysaccharide in Chinese herb, chitosan and phosphate buffer solution. Each ml of solution of adjuvant contains 2 to 10mg of levamisol, 20 to 100mg of polysaccharide in Chinese herb, 3 to 15mg of chitosan and the balance of phosphate buffer solution. A preparation method comprises the following steps of: preparing high concentration mother solution; and preparing low concentration adjuvant solution. After the adjuvant and the swine enzootic pneumonia vaccine are mixed according to a certain ratio, the swine enzootic pneumonia vaccine containing the adjuvant is prepared, and can obviously improve immune stimulatory capacity of the vaccine and improve the protective effect of the vaccine. The adjuvant also has the advantages of simple and convenient preparation method, stable performance of the adjuvant, contribution to mass production and the like. When the adjuvant is applied, the swine enzootic pneumonia vaccine and the adjuvant are mixed according to the certain ratio, and then intramuscular injection immunity is carried out, so that the intramuscular injection immunity of the swine enzootic pneumonia vaccine is realized, and the defects of the conventional pulmonary injection immunity are overcome.
PURPOSE:To obtain a metabolic activator excellent in promoting actions on metabolic activities of the skin and further in safety, a skin preparation for external use, containing the activator blended therein and having improving actions on the conditions of the skin and reducing actions on winkles and a bathing agent. CONSTITUTION:This metabolic activator comprises a steroid derivative expressed by formula I [R is a group having a carbon skeleton expressed by formula II (the bonds indicated by the dotted line may be present or absent)]. Groups expressed by formulas III to V, etc., are preferred as the group R. The compound expressed by formula I is preferably polyporusterone A in which R is expressed by formula III or polyporusterone B in which R is expressed by formula IV. This compound expressed by formula I is present in Polyporus umbellatus Fries which is one species of fungi and obtained by extracting, e.g. the Polyporus umbellatus Fries with a polar solvent, separating and purifying the resultant extract. Furthermore, the metabolic activator is preferably used in a content of 0.01-10wt.% based on the total amount in blending the metabolic activator in the skin preparation for the external use or the bathing agent.
People with Crohn's disease often suffer from sleep problems. Long term, sleep problems may lead to more flares of Crohn's disease or other complications. In general, patients with Crohn's disease also report that sleep problems can worsen symptoms of Crohn's disease the next day. In people with other medical problems, research has also shown that having sleep problems can make other things worse, such as pain and inflammation. In this study, the investigators want to understand if they can treat sleep problems in people with Crohn's disease, and what else might improve if sleep gets better. If this study is successful, it will help the investigators understand more about how to treat insomnia in people with Crohn's disease and how sleep impacts pain and inflammation. Long term, this information will be helpful in understanding how best to take care of people with Crohn's disease.
PURPOSE: Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a human papillomavirus (HPV)-related disease affecting the upper airway and saliva could be an important non-invasive sampling source for viral screening and clinical monitoring. We investigated whether HPV DNA could be detected in saliva (cellular pellets and supernatant) from RRP patients and influence on clinical manifestation of the disease.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this pilot study, saliva samples from 14 RRP patients were obtained in preoperative condition (n = 7) and in disease-free interval (DFI; n = 7). Healthy donors (n = 14) were also included. HPV DNA was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays.
RESULTS: From cellular pellets, HPV-positive saliva was only detected from preoperative collections (5/7; 71.4 %) and showed a mean cycle threshold (Ct) value of 24.33 (±1.25), whereas all patients in DFI were HPV-negative (Ct ≥ 32.16), revealing significant difference between these two clinical moments (p = 0.021). Patients in DFI and healthy donors showed similar Ct values. From saliva supernatant, detectable HPV cell-free DNA (cfDNA) occurred in 42.9 % (3/7) and 57.1 % (4/7) of preoperative collections using the commercial cfDNA kits from Norgen and Qiagen, respectively. Salivary cfDNA size distribution obtained by TapeStation analysis showed a predominant size range of 150 to 400 bp in both patients and healthy controls, corresponding to mononucleosomal and dinucleosomal fragments.
CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, HPV DNA screening in saliva (both cellular pellets and cfDNA) may have clinical utility to monitor active disease of RRP patients.
An intelligent wearable device is disclosed. The intelligent wearable device is configured to monitor and obtain biological data associated with a user wearing the device and environmental data associated with an environment that the user is located in through the use of a plurality of sensors of the wearable device. Once the biological and environmental data are obtained, the intelligent wearable device may compare the data to a threshold value that is associated with the safety of the user. If the comparison indicates that the data is outside the threshold value, the intelligent wearable device may output a signal indicating that the user is experiencing an event. The intelligent wearable device may also generate feedback indicating an action to perform in response to the event. The intelligent wearable device may notify devices associated with other users, who may be able to assist the user experiencing the event.
BACKGROUND: Double eyelid blepharoplasty is the most popular cosmetic operation in Asian population. Various surgical techniques have been developed in order to create dynamic eyelid folds with natural-looking in recent years, but postoperative complications like so-called sausage-like appearance have not been resolved completely.
AIMS: To create natural-looking dynamic folds, we propose a new method imitating the original anatomical structure of congenital double-eyelid.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty-six patients who underwent the double-eyelid surgery from June 1st, 2018 to October 31st, 2020 were included in this retrospective study, including 10 males and 76 females, aged 18-39 years (mean 27.4 ± 5.6 years). All the included patients received double eyelid surgery performed by the same senior doctor, using the pretarsal orbicularis oculi muscle-releasing technique. Patient Reported Outcome Measures questionnaires were administrated to assess the severity of scarring, pain, and asymmetry, as well as functional and appearance issues. Surgical outcome was assessed through objective and subjective evaluation forms (PROM and patient satisfaction rate).
RESULTS: Among the 86 patients, 5 were lost during the follow-up period. The absolute number of enrolled patients is 81. 91.36% of the enrolled patients reported minimal or non-visible scarring at the double eyelid incision. As to functional and appearance issues, the main problem were asymmetry (12.35%) and the narrowing of the supratarsal crease width (8.64%). No supratarsal depression and "sausage-like" appearance occurred in this study. 95.1% of patients reported either good or excellent outcome (mean score: 108 of 120) based on analysis of PROM results, and 96.3% of patients reported either high or very high satisfaction (mean score: 96 of 120) for the patient satisfaction assessment.
CONCLUSIONS: This new surgical method of double-eyelid blepharoplasty provides comparatively safe and effective results.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited chronic disease that affects the lungs and digestive system of about 30,000 children and adults in the United States (70,000 worldwide). The lungs of a person with cystic fibrosis often contain thick sticky mucus that can clog the lungs and lead to life-threatening lung infections. A major milestone in the treatment of CF was the development of an inhaled form of an antibiotic drug called tobramycin. For an inhaled antibiotic to work it must be delivered to all infected parts of the lung. Many studies have shown that blockages in the lungs, like those found in CF patients, can prevent inhaled medicines from reaching all parts of the lungs.

Usually aerosolized medications are dissolved in saline or water. Most of these medications could be dissolved in surfactant solutions and aerosolized. Soaps are common examples of surfactants. Surfactants may have the ability to spread medication over the inside surface of the lungs similar to the way dish soap spreads over water. We think that inhaling medication that is in a surfactant-based liquid will result in more medication reaching partially blocked parts of the lung. We further believe that the normal movements of the lung associated with breathing will further spread surfactant-based aerosol medications, and contribute to even more even drug distribution over longer periods of time.

A surfactant-based inhaled antibiotic would have the potential to reach more sites of infection in the lung, possibly getting rid of infection all together. This study will use a special test called an aerosol deposition scan to compare how a drug spreads in the lung using a surfactant-based aerosol compared to a saline-based aerosol. The study includes one screening and two testing visits.
The invention discloses a compound nano diagnosis and treatment preparation and a preparation method thereof. The compound nano diagnosis and treatment preparation comprises compound nanoparticles which integrate nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and a photothermal therapy function. A preparation method of the compound nanoparticles comprises the following step: packaging gold nanorods into a diethyltriamine pentaacetic acid-gadolinium (DTPA-Cd)-modified chitosan molecules by virtue of a non-solvent-complexing method; and then performing a chemical cross-linking method to obtain the compound nanoparticles with stable properties and a monodisperse state. According to the compound nano diagnosis and treatment preparation, gold nanorods are utilized as a photothermal conversion agent, so that near-infrared light can be effectively absorbed and the near-infrared light is converted into local high-energy heat, and thus, tumor cells are killed. Meanwhile, good T1 radiography performances of CS-DTPA-Gd are combined, so that MRI radiography-guided photothermal therapy can be realized; and moreover, as a combined preparation, the compound nano diagnosis and treatment preparation has the advantages of improving diagnosis efficiency, improving treatment selectivity, lowering the toxic and side effect, and the like. Moreover, the preparation method is simple in process, gentle in condition and good in repeatability, and has a good clinical application prospect.
Risk Summary

Based on animal data and its mechanism of action, topotecan hydrochloride can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. There are no available clinical data on the use of topotecan hydrochloride in pregnancy. Topotecan caused embryolethality, fetotoxicity, and teratogenicity in rats and rabbits when administered during organogenesis at doses similar to the clinical dose (see Data). Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. 

In the U.S. general population, the background risk of major birth defects is 2% to 4% and of miscarriage is 15% to 20% of clinically recognized pregnancies. 

Data

Animal Data: In rabbits, an intravenous dose of 0.10 mg/kg/day [about equal to the 1.5 mg/m2 clinical dose based on body surface area (BSA)] given on Days 6 through 20 of gestation caused maternal toxicity, embryolethality, and reduced fetal body weight. In the rat, an intravenous dose of 0.23 mg/kg/day (about equal to the 1.5 mg/m2 clinical dose based on BSA) given for 14 days before mating through gestation Day 6 caused fetal resorption, microphthalmia, pre-implant loss, and mild maternal toxicity. 

Administration of an intravenous dose of 0.10 mg/kg/day (about half the 1.5 mg/m2 clinical dose based on BSA) given to rats on Days 6 through 17 of gestation caused an increase in post-implantation mortality. This dose also caused an increase in total fetal malformations. The most frequent malformations were of the eye (microphthalmia, anophthalmia, rosette formation of the retina, coloboma of the retina, ectopic orbit), brain (dilated lateral and third ventricles), skull, and vertebrae.
PCT No. PCT/SE94/00331 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 11, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 11, 1995 PCT Filed Apr. 14, 1994 PCT Pub. No. WO94/23703 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 27, 1994Porous cellulose matrices with a defined particle size and a significantly higher porosity (i.e. pore volume) than conventional formulations, such as pellet formulations containing cellulose and binders are prepared. The cellulose is mechanically treated with low adhesion to the process equipment during a controlled gradual addition of an aqueous based fluid, optionally containing a surface-active ingredient, into regular particles, which are finally dried to obtain dry porous cellulose matrices. The so obtained matrices can be used as carriers for bioactive substances in multiple-unit preparations or tablets.
BACKGROUND: Pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 infection usually presents with respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. In this report we present fulminant meningitis as the main presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 without major signs and symptoms of other organs' involvement in 3 infants.
CASES: The first case was a 4 months Iranian male infant with fulminant meningitis as the main presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 without other organ involvement. He was treated as suspected bacterial meningitis but CSF PCR and CSF culture were negative for common meningeal pathogens. On 3rd day, his coronavirus disease 2019 PCR test became positive, while it was negative on 1st day. The second case was a 13 months Iranian male infant with fever, irritability, and photophobia for 24 h before poorly controlled status epilepticus. CSF coronavirus disease 2019 PCR became positive while CSF PCR and CSF culture were negative for other common meningeal pathogens. Seizures were controlled with multiple anti-seizure medications. The third case was a 14 months Iranian female infant with fever and seizure1 hour before admission, leading to poorly controlled status epilepticus despite anti-epileptic therapy 10 h after admission. CSF coronavirus disease 2019 PCR became positive while CSF PCR and CSF culture were negative for other common meningeal pathogens. He was controlled with multiple anti-seizure medications.
CONCLUSION: Meningitis of coronavirus disease 2019 should be considered in severely ill pediatric cases with poorly controlled seizures and RBC in CSF smear. Also, pediatricians can consider corticosteroids, remdesivir, and IVIG therapy in these cases.
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To analyze variables that can predict the positivity of 18F-DCFPyL- positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and extent of disease in patients with biochemically recurrent (BCR) prostate cancer after primary local therapy with either radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of a prospective single institutional review board-approved study. We included 199 patients with biochemical recurrence and negative conventional imaging after primary local therapies (radical prostatectomy n = 127, radiation therapy n = 72). All patients underwent 18F-DCFPyL-PET/CT. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine predictors of a positive scan for both cohort of patients. Regression-based coefficients were used to develop nomograms predicting scan positivity and extra-pelvic disease. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was implemented to quantify nomogram's clinical benefit.
RESULTS: Of the 127 (63%) post-radical prostatectomy patients, 91 patients had positive scans - 61 of those with intrapelvic lesions and 30 with extra-pelvic lesions (i.e., retroperitoneal or distant nodes and/or bone/organ lesions). Of the 72 post-radiation therapy patients, 65 patients had positive scans - 39 of them had intrapelvic lesions and 26 extra-pelvic lesions. In the radical prostatectomy cohort, multivariate regression analysis revealed original International Society of Urological Pathology category, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate-specific antigen doubling time (PSAdt), and time from BCR (mo) to scan were predictors for scan positivity and presence of extra-pelvic disease, with an area under the curve of 80% and 78%, respectively. Positive versus negative tumor margin after radical prostatectomy was not related to scan positivity or to the presence of positive extra-pelvic foci. In the radiation therapy cohort, multivariate regression analysis revealed that PSA, PSAdt, and time to BCR (mo) were predictors of extra-pelvic disease, with area under the curve of 82%. Because only seven patients in the radiation therapy cohort had negative scans, a prediction model for scan positivity could not be analyzed and only the presence of extra-pelvic disease was evaluated.
CONCLUSION: PSA and PSAdt are consistently significant predictors of 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT positivity and extra-pelvic disease in BCR prostate cancer patients. Stratifying the patient population into primary local treatment group enables the use of other variables as predictors, such as time since BCR. This nomogram may guide selection of the most suitable candidates for 18F-DCFPyL-PET/CT imaging.
Participants randomized to the HIWL treatment group will be placed on a meal replacement-based weight loss protocol. Participants will consume a minimum of 80 grams of protein daily in 4-5 servings of meal replacement. Participants will begin to incorporate food into their routine beginning at week 13 with guidance from a dietitian. From weeks 13-24, caloric prescriptions will be between 1100 to 1600 calories a day, using a combination of meal replacements and food, for continued weight loss. Beyond week 25, caloric intake will be individually tailored to achieve continued gradual weight loss or maintenance of body weight based on individual weight loss goals. We will recommend continued use of at least 1 serving of meal replacement per day for maintenance of weight loss.