anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The combination of Oxaliplatin and Gemcitabine has synergistic effects on a variety of human cancer cell lines in vitro. Clinically, it has demonstrated activity in other malignancies including lung, and pancreas. In the former study, poor prognosis advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients received Gemcitabine 1000mg/m2 and Oxaliplatin 65mg/m2 both on days 1 and 8. The overall response rate was 16%, with no reports of neutropenic fever. In the latter study, locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer patients received Gemcitabine 1000mg/m2 on day 1 and Oxaliplatin 100mg/m2 on day 2 every 2 weeks. The overall response rate was 31%. The toxicity profile included grades 3 to 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia in 11%, 14% for nausea or vomiting, 6.2% for diarrhea, and 11% for peripheral neuropathy, with no toxic deaths

There has been one feasibility study evaluating the combination of Oxaliplatin and Gemcitabine in advanced transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urothelium. Twenty patients with advanced urothelial carcinomas who were treated with Gemcitabine and Oxaliplatin at 1500mg/m2 and 85mg/m2 IV respectively, both on day 1 of a 14 day cycle. The median number of cycles was 5 and ranged from 1 to 7. A total of 90 cycles were delivered with 87 assessable for toxicity in 19 patients. No neutropenic fever occurred and G-CSF was not used although allowed as needed. Grades 3 to 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were observed in 9 (10%) and 3 (3%) of the courses given respectively. Grades 1 to 2 neuropathy was noted to be common with only one patient suffering grade 3 neuropathy. Non-hematologic adverse effects were found to be mild. Response rates were not provided.

In summary, there is favorable evidence of antitumor activity in vitro and in clinical studies for a variety of cancers. Furthermore, the toxicity profile of this combination is also favorable. It is therefore logical to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of this combination in advanced urothelial carcinoma.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex degenerative disease of the central nervous system that is clinically characterized by a progressive decline in memory and cognitive function. The pathogenesis of AD is intricate and not yet fully understood. Neuroinflammation, particularly microglial activation-mediated neuroinflammation, is believed to play a crucial role in increasing the risk, triggering the onset, and hastening the progression of AD. Modulating microglial activation and regulating microglial energy metabolic disorder are seen as promising strategies to intervene in AD. The application of anti-inflammatory drugs and the targeting of microglia for the prevention and treatment of AD has emerged as a new area of research interest. This article provides a comprehensive review of the role of neuroinflammation of microglial regulation in the development of AD, exploring the connection between microglial energy metabolic disorder, neuroinflammation, and AD development. Additionally, the advancements in anti-inflammatory and microglia-regulating therapies for AD are discussed.
Compositions for reducing the blood cholesterol level comprise at least one compound of general formula <FORM:0898596/VI/1> wherein A stands for an oxygen atom or for the imino radical, R1 stands for a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical, R2 stands for an alkyl radical or R1 and R2 may be joined to form, together with the adjacent carbon atom, a cycloalkyl ring and X stands for a phenyl or a -naphthyl radical optionally substituted by halogen atoms C1-8 alkyl, C1-6 alkenyl and alkoxy, phenyl, benzyl and anilino radicals, or an ester or salt thereof, and at least one androstane derivative of general formula <FORM:0898596/VI/2> wherein R3 stands for a hydrogen atom or a hydroxymethylene radical, R4 stands for a hydroxy radical or for a doubly bound oxygen, atom, R5 stands for a hydroxy radical and R6 and R7 are the same or different and each stands for a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical or R5 and R6 together stand for a doubly bound oxygen atom and where the C4-5 bond is optionally a double bond and carboxylic acid esters thereof e.g. the mono- or diacetates, propionates, palmitates, stearates, succinates and benzoates. Specified esters and salts of the compounds of formula I are esters with C1-6 aliphatic alcohols and alkali and alkaline earth metal salts and, where there is present a strongly basic group, the acid addition salts e.g. the hydrochlorides.  The compositions may be in forms suitable for oral administration e.g. coated or non-coated effervescent or non-effervescent tablets, capsules, emulsions, suspensions, solutions, dispersable powders and nutritive preparations and they may optionally contain, as additional active ingredients, oetrogens, oils of known utility in the treatment of atherosclerosis e.g. sunflower seed oil, and dietary supplements e.g. vitamins, choline and inoritol, salts of glycerophosphoric acid and amino acids in addition to conventional pharmaceutical diluents and excipients.  Specification 860,303 is referred to.
The invention relates to the field of biology, and discloses dopa dioxygenase HhDODA and application of a coding gene thereof in radiation resistance enhancement. In particular to a Henan Gao Shengxiong insect (Hypsibius henanensis) dopa dioxygenase HhDODA and a gene thereof, and application thereof in enhancing the radiation resistance. The dopa dioxygenase HhDODA has an amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID NO. 1, and the encoding gene has a nucleotide sequence shown as SEQ ID NO. 2. The HhDODA gene is derived from Henan Gao Shengxiong insects, is a novel dopa dioxygenase, and can remarkably improve the resistance of cells to ionizing radiation injury.
A calorie balance system is designed for consumers who are interested in having a proper and adequate diet while monitoring daily activities. Disclosed embodiments enable consumers to be continuously aware of their caloric intake and to compare their caloric intake with current calories expended. Calories burned or expended may be measured by fitness tracking devices. Enabled utensils such as cups, spoons and forks are equipped with means of wireless communication, an accelerometer, a three axis slope meter sensor, a microcontroller, a scale, an analogue to digital converter and a microcontroller. Enabled utensils measure the weight of food consumed are report to the consumer's personal electronic device. The system is further enabled by consumers talking to an enabled utensil to report the type of food being consumed. The reported food weight is mapped to the type of food consumed and relevant food data is displayed.
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) is a life threatening disease. Endovascular repair of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms (EVAR) has replaced open surgical repair as the standard of care treatment for most patients. Endovascular repair offers several benefits over open surgical repair, including: less invasive procedure, faster recovery, lower morbidity and lower early post-operative mortality. The configuration of vascular anatomy is important to the successful placement and subsequent performance of infrarenal EVAR devices. In particular aortic neck angulation and length are important for the success of EVAR. Challenging necks with an aortic diameter ≥28 mm, angulation ≥60°, length \<10mm, circumferential thrombus, reversed tapered configuration or neck with bulging, make it more difficult to oppose the endograft to the aortic wall and are related to an increased risk of type Ia endoleak and reinterventions. In order to overcome these issues, fenestrated and branched stent grafts have been developed. Fenestrated and branched endovascular aneurysm repair is now a routinely utilised procedure in the treatment of complex aortic aneurysm anatomy, especially in patients unsuitable for open surgical repair.

The Fenestrated Anaconda™ device (Vascutek Ltd, Glasgow, Scotland, UK) has been commercially available since 2010. The Fenestrated Anaconda™ device has potential advantages over other FEVAR devices, since it can be repositioned after deployment, has a magnet-assisted limb cannulation, and the device contains less metal, allowing a better view of the radiological markers on the device during intra-operative imaging. Additionally, the potential to position fenestrations anywhere in the main body is unrestricted due to the absence of other stent structures.

This prospective, real world study of the Fenestrated Anaconda™ device will provide insight into both the short and long term clinical outcomes of the device. An attempt will be made to identify predictors of success or failure, and this study will help to identify patients that are likely to benefit from repair and improve results. The effect of FEVAR on post-operative patient reported quality of life will be assessed. In addition, the study will provide insight into the potential decline in renal function after FEVAR, a well-known concern after both EVAR and FEVAR.
In the United States, individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) consistently experience health disparities. One factor is limited access to quality healthcare services equipped to meet the needs of those with IDD, particularly as they transition to adulthood. The purpose of this work is to describe the development and implementation of Jefferson's Continuing Care Program (JCCP), which was designed to address this care gap. We share how the idea, logistics, and support for the clinic were developed; how JCCP was designed to be uniquely accessible both via physical space and clinic flow; and how those challenges encountered have been crucial for fine-tuning optimal patient care. Since its inception in 2019, JCCP has made large strides towards educating the next generation of medical providers to care for patients with IDD. Looking to the future, JCCP plans to broaden its impact by serving more patients, continuing our advocacy and education work, and continuing to adapt to the needs of our community.
The present invention provides a traditional Chinese medicinal preparation for curing rheumatism and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicinal preparation is composed of the traditional Chinese medicines of licorice root, pubescent angelica root, angelica root, dahurian angelica root, cyathulae, prepared common monkshood mother root, prepared kusnezoff monkshood root, Fructus Mume and notopterygium root. The medicaments are soaked in solution prepared by mixing white sugar with white wine, heated to 100 DEG C, and decocted for 15 to 45 minutes. Prepared preparation is cooled, medicinal dregs are filtered and removed, and filtered physic liquor preparation is bottled and sealed. The present invention can improve the immune functions of human bodies, and effectively cure diseases, such as rheumatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, painful and numb whole body, incapability of lift limbs, etc. The preparation has the remarkable advantages of short curative course, high curative rate, rapid effect taking, no relapse after healing, etc.
Transcutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation (TPTNS) delivered in 30 minute sessions twice weekly over a 6 week period. The tibial nerve, which lies immediately posterior to the medial malleolus will be stimulated electrically using a portable TENS machine and two surface electrodes. The cathode electrode will be positioned behind the medial malleolus and the anode 10cm cephalad to it. Standardised stimulation parameters will be applied at 10 Hz frequency, 200µs-1 pulse width in continuous mode and stimulation intensity (mA-1) will be adjusted on a session-by-session basis according to individual resident comfort levels.
Tonsillectomy is one of the most frequently performed operations in childhood, and one of the most important indications of this surgery is chronic tonsillar hypertrophy. Chronic tonsillar hypertrophy accounts for 80% of cases with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in childhood, and growth and development delay, low academic performance, facial developmental abnormalities, and cardiopulmonary diseases may emerge as a result. For this reason, an accurate evaluation of tonsil size is crucial both during clinical follow-up and in tonsillectomy decisions.

Currently, several clinical staging systems are used to evaluate tonsil size in children, with the "Brodsky" and "Friedman" scales being the most commonly used systems. These staging systems make use of a physical examination, with tonsil hypertrophies generally classified into 4 stages based on the extension of the tonsil from the anterior plica to the midline. Stages 3 and 4 tonsil hypertrophy are generally accepted as obstructive, and a tonsillectomy decision is made when clinical complaints support this. For such an evaluation of tonsil grade, the child should be cooperative, should easily open his/her mouth, and should not gag. In the event of the patient's non-compliance, the size of the tongue and tongue base, the hyperactive gag reflex, and trismus may challenge this evaluation. The gag reflex during the examination causes the tonsils to move towards the midline, making the tonsils seem bigger than the real size. An obstruction at the hypopharyngeal level due to hypertrophic tonsils may be missed due to poor visualization of the inferior pole of the tonsil in patients with a large tongue. For these reasons, a correct clinical evaluation of the tonsil size may not always be possible through a physical examination. Thus objective and reliable methods are required for the classification of tonsillar hypertrophy.

There have been no studies to date investigating the use of ultrasonography (US) in the evaluation of airway obstruction due to tonsillar hypertrophy, despite the advantages of high patient compliance, low cost, and no radiation exposure. The present study suggests a new method for the evaluation of airway obstruction due to tonsillar hypertrophy using the submental US in children.
We found in depressed individuals, compared with non-depressed controls, that MRs had a decreased (approximately -30%) expression in hippocampus, inferior frontal gyrus and cingulate gyrus. It is proposed that decreased expression of MRs is part of the underlying pathological process in depression.

Recent studies have revealed considerable interpersonal differences with regard to the functioning of the MRs. Firstly, common MR gene polymorphisms influence the cortisol awakening response (CAR). Secondly, clinical populations differ in observed depressive symptoms as a function of MRI180V genotype. This MR I180V gene variant showed less activity in vitro, which suggests that functionality in vivo is decreased. Finally, MR haplotype 2, which is prevalent in 35% of the Caucasian population, enhances the transcription, translation and transactivation of the MR. This haplotype is associated with higher dispositional optimism, fewer thoughts of hopelessness and lower risk of major depression. These effects are restricted to pre-menopausal women. This suggests that female sex steroids may interact with the MR gene, thereby modulating resilience. Indeed, it has been shown that progesterone and oestrogen modulate MR-expression in rats. Taken together, mineralocorticoid receptors in the brain are considered to be a new target for the treatment of stress related disorders like depression.

Fludrocortisone (9α fluoro-hydrocortisone) (FC) is a specific MR-agonist currently used to treat diseases of the adrenal cortex, septic shock (Russel, 2008) and occasionally orthostatic hypotension. It is shown that FC significantly inhibits nocturnal HPA axis activity without first depleting MR receptors with an MR-antagonist. This suggests FC have interesting implications in disorders of HPA axis excess, such as depression. Consistent with the idea that the stimulation of the MR might be useful in the treatment of depression, fludrocortisone accelerated the antidepressant effects of the SSRI escitalopram, at least in those patients who responded to escitalopram. This is in line with a previous observation that spironolactone, a MR antagonist, decreased the efficacy of the antidepressant amitriptyline in depressed patients. These studies show that stimulation of the MR might be a useful addition to the treatment of depression. Though, the explanatory mechanism behind these observations remains unclear.

This project is a first step in investigating the potential antidepressant effects of MR stimulation by fludrocortisone. We will test the effects of FC on indices of emotional information processing in healthy volunteers, which is a recently validated model of antidepressant drug action. It has been demonstrated repeatedly that a single dose of an antidepressant changes the processing of emotionally relevant information in healthy volunteers, within a few hours after administration. For instance, one dose of citalopram improved the recognition of facial expressions of fear and happiness relative to placebo in healthy female volunteers. This finding has been replicated with different antidepressants and different populations.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a factor VIII improving hemophilia of a patient having factor VIII deficiency or human factor VIII inhibitor.  <P>SOLUTION: A method for preparing a hybrid human/porcine factor VIII comprises (a) substituting a porcine subunit (ex. H-chain or L-chain) with a corresponding human subunit, (b) substituting a porcine domain (ex. A1, A2, A3, B, C1 and C2) with a corresponding human domain, (c) substituting a part of porcine domain with a corresponding human domain fragment, and changing one or more amino acid residues of a human factor VIII to corresponding residues of porcine sequence. A DNA encoding A2 domain of a porcine factor VIII being a blood coagulant factor having a specific amino acid sequence is separated and identified.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
The majority of research on the long-term effects of spinal cord injury (SCI) has primarily focused on neuropathic pain (NP), psychological issues, and sensorimotor impairments. Among SCI patients, mood disorders, such as anxiety and depression, have been extensively studied. It has been found that chronic stress and NP have negative consequences and reduce the quality of life for individuals living with SCI. Our review examined both human and experimental evidence to explore the connection between mood changes following SCI and inflammatory pathways, with a specific focus on NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. We observed increased proinflammatory factors in the blood, as well as in the brain and spinal cord tissues of SCI models. The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a crucial role in various diseases by controlling the release of proinflammatory molecules like interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. Dysregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in key brain regions associated with pain processing, such as the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, contributes to the development of mood disorders following SCI. In this review, we summarized recent research on the expression and regulation of components related to NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in mood disorders following SCI. Finally, we discussed potential therapeutic approaches that target the NLRP3 inflammasome and regulate proinflammatory cytokines as a way to treat mood disorders following SCI.
INTRODUCTION: Syndecan (SDC)-1 is a transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan and is a major component of endothelial glycocalyx (EG). This study aimed to investigate the association of serum SDC-1 concentration as a marker of EG degradation with albuminuria in type 2 diabetes.
METHODS: We included 370 patients with type 2 diabetes and 219 individuals with no diabetes. The individuals with estimate glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/min/1.73 m2 were excluded.
RESULTS: Serum SDC-1 concentration was higher in type 2 diabetes than in no diabetes. The presence of diabetes was independently associated with log [SDC-1] in multivariate analysis. In type 2 diabetes, serum SDC-1 concentration was correlated with log [urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR)]. Moreover, log [SDC-1] was an independent determinant of log [ACR] after adjustment for known risk factors of albuminuria.
CONCLUSIONS: Serum SDC-1 concentration was higher in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to individuals with no diabetes and an independent determinant of ACR. This study implicates the role of the EG degradation in albuminuria in type 2 diabetes.
LY3023414 administered orally. LY2835219 administered orally. Fulvestrant administered intramuscularly (IM).
CASE: A 10-year-old girl presented after closed reduction of an elbow fracture dislocation. She demonstrated intact vascularity but a dense median nerve palsy. Preoperative magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) precisely mapped the median nerve entrapped within the medial epicondylar fracture. Intraoperatively, the median nerve was freed preceding reduction and fracture fixation. Postoperatively, neurological symptoms completely resolved, and she regained full elbow function.
CONCLUSION: Median nerve injury can present without associated vascular injury. In this case, MRN was helpful in preoperatively illustrating the spatial relationship between the median nerve and the medial epicondyle.