anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The intervention is called Pocket Skills 2.0, which is a web-based dialectical behavior therapy skills training (DBT-ST) intervention. The content and material is based on the most recent Linehan (2014) DBT-ST manual. Pocket Skills 2.0 incorporates brief lessons using videos featuring Dr. Linehan herself, exercises involving interaction with the chatbot which allow for text input and selection of responses, and the ability to gain points and unlock additional content which increases user engagement. Pocket Skills is currently the only comprehensive and not-for-profit DBT-ST app available where the effectiveness has been evaluated in at least three research trials.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce a new aminobenzenesulfonic acid derivative monohydrate useful for producing a medicinal composition effective in preventing or treating ischemic cardiopathy, cardiac failure and hypertension, etc. SOLUTION: This new aminobenzenesulfonic acid derivative monohydrate is represented by the formula [R<1> is H, an alkyl, a halogen, etc.; R<2> is H, an alkyl or cyano, an aralkyl, etc.; (n) is an integer of 1-4], e.g. 2-(1-piperazinyl)-5- methylbenzenesulfonic acid monohydrate. The compound represented by formula I is obtained by suspending an aminobenzenesulfonic acid derivative anhydride in water or a hydrous organic solvent or carrying out the crystallizing treatment of the dissolved solution and drying the formed crystal. The organic solvent to be used is a water-soluble organic solvent such as methanol or ethanol. The suspending treatment of the anhydride is preferably conducted by stirring the mixture at normal temperature for >=2hr.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a life-threatening neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons. Muse cells are endogenous reparative pluripotent-like stem cells distributed to various tissues. Once intravenously injected, such cells, upon sensing sphingosine-1-phosphate produced by damaged cells, settle selectively on damaged sites, and after homing, can exhibit multiphase effects including natural differentiation into tissue-protecting and tissue-reconstructing cells. In the present invention, with G93A-Tg mice serving as an ALS model, human Muse cells injected intravenously successfully homed into the lumbar cord, mainly at the pia mater and the lower white matter, and expressed glial-like forms and GFAP. Meanwhile, no such homing or differentiation was observed in the case of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), and, rather, MSCs were found distributed to the lungs. The Muse group demonstrated significant improvement in the scores of rotarod, hanging wire, and lower extremity muscle strength, recovered the motor neuron number, and significantly reduced denervation and muscle fiber atrophy of lower extremity muscles as compared to the medium group. Furthermore, the Muse cell effect on motor function of TDP-43 Tg mice serving as an ALS model was evaluated. The results shows that, compared to the medium group, the Muse group had a significantly improved hanging wire test score. These results indicate that Muse cells perform homing in a damaged-site-dependent manner, and protect the spinal cord in response to the death of motor neurons, and thus Muse cells are useful for treatment of ALS patients.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Musk, a traditional Chinese medicine, is broadly used in inducing resuscitation and refreshing the mind, activating blood and alleviating pain. It is commonly used for the treatment of ischemic stroke, and muscone is its core medicinal component.
AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study was to explore whether muscone ameliorates neuronal damage through cholinergic signaling of muscarinic receptors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The effects of muscone were tested in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) as well as injured neurons induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in PC12 cells. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) assay was used to measure the cell viability, and the production of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) were examined by kit. 2',7'-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE) and Fluo-4 acetoxymethyl ester (Fluo-4 AM) staining were used to demonstrate effect of muscone on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) and intracellular Ca2+ measurement in cells respectively, in which all of those staining was visualized by laser confocal microscope. For in vivo experiments, rats' cerebral blood flow was measured using laser Doppler blood flowmetry to evaluate the MCAO model, and a modified neurological severity score (mNSS) was used to assess the recovery of neurological function. Calculate infarct rate was measured by 2,3,5-Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC) staining. Except DCFH-DA and Fluo-4 AM staining, 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethyl benzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) staining was used to observe intracellular Ca2+ measurement in brain cells. Protein levels in cells and tissues were detected by Western blot.
RESULTS: Pretreatment with muscone significantly improved the cell viability, lactic acid production, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse and function, Ca2+ overload, ROS generation, and cell apoptosis in OGD PC12 cells. Muscone also regulated PI3K, ERK and AKT signal pathways by activating cholinergic signaling of muscarinic receptors in PC12 cells induced with OGD. More importantly, the blocking of cholinergic signaling of muscarinic receptors by atropine significantly reduces the neuroprotective effects of muscone, including the cell viability, Ca2+ efflux, and mitochondrial repair. Furthermore, muscone was found to effectively alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction and elevated levels of ROS induced by the MCAO in the brain tissue. Notably, this beneficial effect of muscone was attenuated by atropine but not by (+)-Sparteine.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that muscone exerts its neuroprotective effects by activating muscarinic receptors of cholinergic signaling, thus providing a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of OGD-induced nerve injury in stroke. The findings suggest that these treatments may hold potential benefits for stroke patients.
A water-soluble blood coagulating enzyme is prepared by treating a lipoid obtained from lungs, brains or soya beans with pancreatin or trypsin in the presence of a solvent, which is subsequently removed under reduced pressure.  Cow lungs and sheeps' brains are preferred sources of lung and brain lipoids. The examples are concerned with preparations formed from (a) an acetone precipitated fraction of trypsin and an etherial solution of sheeps' brains; (b) pancreation and an etherial solution of sheeps' brains; (c) crystallized trypsin and a benzene solution of soya bean lipoids.ALSO:A water soluble blood coagulating preparation is prepared by treating a lipoid obtained from lungs, brains or soya beans with pancreatin or trypsin in the presence of a solvent, which is subsequently removed under reduced pressure.  Cow lungs and sheeps' brains are preferred sources of lung and brain lipoids. The examples are concerned with preparations formed from (a) an acetone precipitated fraction of trypin and an etherial solution of sheeps' grains; (b) pancreatin and an etherial solution of sheeps' brains; (c) crystallized trypsin and a benzene solution of soya bean lipoids.  The sterile material is stored in an atmosphere of nitrogen.
Randomized patients will undergo PPV. Briefly, a blepharostat will be placed followed by instillation of a drop of 5% iodine-povidone over the eye. Under a surgical microscope, three 23-gauge or 25-gauge sclerotomies will be performed. Vitreous core vitrectomy will be performed, and a fluid-gas exchange with balanced saline solution (BSS) or 5,000 grams of silicone oil as a vitreous substitute. At the end of surgery, all sclerotomies will be sutured with Vicryl 7.0 and a total of 0.05 ml of vancomycin 1 mg and 0.05 ml of ceftazidime 2.25 mg will be injected into the vitreous cavity. As soon as the diagnosis is confirmed.
The subclavian vein is typically used in cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) implantations. External stress on the subclavian vein can lead to lead-related complications. There are several causes of this stress, such as frequent upper extremity movements or external injury. Venous thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) can also become the cause of external lead stress. However, the diagnosis of venous TOS can be challenging because subclavian venography can appear normal at first glance. We present a unique case of a device infection in a patient with venous TOS. A careful observation of the imaging studies is vital for diagnosing venous TOS and a leadless pacemaker implantation could be an alternative therapeutic option.
Individuals with prediabetes are advised to lose weight to prevent progression to type 2 diabetes through engagement in intensive lifestyle interventions (ILI's), such as PreventT2, focusing on daily caloric restriction (DCR). However, long-term adherence to DCR is low; thus, identification of novel, effective and individualized dietary strategies to produce sustained weight loss and improvement in glycemic outcomes is critically important in diabetes prevention. An ILI based on PreventT2 which considers individual preferences, allowing participants to choose among a variety of dietary strategies, may result in greater engagement and adherence than a standard PreventT2 intervention. ILIs also need to be scalable and deliverable to individuals in a wide range of communities, including Americans living in rural communities, who experience higher rates of obesity and all-cause mortality, yet have significantly less access to medical care, including ILI programs for diabetes prevention. The investigators propose a 16-week pilot and feasibility study of a virtual group-based ILI program based on PreventT2 plus choice of dietary weight loss strategy (Prevention and Choice for Type 2, PACT2) delivered to adults with prediabetes living in rural communities. The overall hypothesis of the study is that PACT2 will result in increased dietary adherence and greater weight loss as compared to a standard DCR-based PreventT2 intervention in rural adults with pre-diabetes. The specific aims of this study are to: 1) Engage stakeholders at multiple levels to guide the design of the PreventT2 + Choice intervention in adults with prediabetes living in rural communities; and 2) Assess the feasibility and acceptability of PreventT2 + Choice intervention.
Vismodegib will be dosed at 150mg-300mg orally (max dose: 300mg) once a day on days 1 to 28 of a 28-day cycle. In the absence of unacceptable toxicity or disease progression, treatment may continue for as long as tolerated.
Chemotherapy of recurrent ovarian cancer leads to severe thrombocytopenia in a considerable proportion of the patients, requiring treatment delays or dose reductions, and placing the patient at a high risk of bleeding complications. The amount of thrombocytopenia is highly schedule-dependent. In platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer that relapsed more than 6 months after end of primary therapy, a platinum containing reinduction therapy - the combination of paclitaxel/carboplatin, gemcitabine/carboplatin or PLD/carboplatin - is recommended according to the current AGO guidelines or recent ASCO presentations. Especially the latter two regimens often induce severe and even dose-limiting myelosuppression, including thrombocytopenia. Therefore, prophylaxis, or at least secondary prophylaxis of this toxicity is an important goal of supportive therapy. The use of platelet transfusions is limited by cost, supply problems, and associated risks, such as transfusion reactions, transmission of infection, and alloimmunization and platelet refractoriness. In contrast to the situation for the red and white blood cell compartments, the implementation of growth factor treatment in order to ameliorate the therapy of thrombocytopenia and its complications, is yet very limited. Romiplostim is an active second-generation thrombopoietic agent without safety problems due to immunogenicity, which proved to be beneficial in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura and myelodysplastic syndromes. The rationale of this trial is to obtain evidence that romiplostim can improve platelet counts/recovery in the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer. Due to the fact, that the expected occurrence of severe thrombocytopenia and its complications may heavily depend on the selection of patient and their characteristics such as actually chosen treatment schedule, tumor stage, extent of metastasis, pre-treatment etc. a phase II design comparing the results to historical data or expectations is insufficient. A simple within-group control design, comparing subsequent cycles of the same patients with or without the supportive experimental drug may also be flawed, as "spontaneous" improvements after obviously unchanged chemotherapy are often observed. With some regimens, the first cycle proves to be generally more toxic than later ones. On the other hand, regimens may result in cumulative myelosuppression. A design including a randomized doubleblind control group is therefore warranted, moreover, as platelet counts represent a sensitive and valid surrogate marker for a clinical benefit. The current study will employ a model of secondary prophylaxis. The enrolment of subjects with grade 3 and/or 4 thrombocytopenia will facilitate an assessment of the ability of romiplostim to impact thrombocytopenia at clinically significant levels, which warrant the administration of platelet transfusions, dose reduction, and dose delay.
This study aims to demonstrate the association between AMPK activation and increased insulin sensitivity in human skeletal muscle. The investigators intend to examine insulin sensitivity after various levels of AMPK activation in skeletal muscle that includes exercise at different intensities as well as exercise combined with leg blood flow restriction (ischemia). The hypothesis is that exercise combined with ischemia will result in an increased activation of AMPK compared to exercise alone, and therefore it is expected that exercise combined with ischemia will result in the greatest improvement in muscle insulin sensitivity.

Methods:

The main experiment consists of 3 experimental days (A, B and C), separated by a minimum of 14 days and carried out in a randomised order. On all the study days, the participants will arrive in the laboratory after an overnight fast. Catheters will be placed in both femoral veins and in one femoral artery. A muscle biopsy will be obtained from vastus lateralis of one leg (resting leg). Experiment A consists of one-legged muscle work for 1 hour at 70% of the leg maximum aerobic work capacity with the other leg serving as a resting control. In experiment B, the same work are performed, but with periodic at the same constricting the blood supply to the working leg (25 seconds every 2 min). Experiment C consists of one-legged muscle work for 1 hour at 70% and 95% of the leg maximum aerobic work capacity (alternately every 5 min). Immediately after each type of exercise a biopsy will be obtained from the exercising leg and the participants will rest in the fasted state for 3 hours before a third set of muscle biopsies (from both legs) will be obtained. Subsequently, insulin sensitivity will be evaluated in the participants during a 2-hour physiological hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. By the end of the clamp, a final set of biopsies (both legs) will be obtained. Throughout the study day sampling of artery and venous blood/plasma samples allows for the estimation of substrate extraction by the two legs. Further, measures of artery blood flow by Ultrasound Doppler technique allow for the final calculation of substrate uptake/release across the two legs before exercise, during exercise and in recovery from exercise. Importantly, the ability for insulin to stimulate these processes can be evaluated in both a rested and in a prior exercised leg.
Patients receive definitive therapy for prostate cancer with ADT (relugolix orally once daily for a total of 6 months) in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity and definitive radiotherapy within 90 days of starting ADT. Patients receive gadolinium-based contrast intravenously (IV) and undergo exercise-stress cardiac MRI perfusion and comprehensive exercise physiology testing before starting ADT and at 6 months after starting ADT. Patients also undergo blood and urine sample collection throughout the study, as well as completion of quality-of-life questionnaires.
Symptomatic HFmrEF or HFpEF patients with AF that meet I/E criteria will be randomized 1:1 to receive either CA or usual medical care without the aim of CA. Patients assigned to rhythm control group will be treated with catheter ablation as first line therapy to restore and maintain sinus rhythm, additionally to the therapeutic recommendations of the current ESC guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation (AF) and the current ESC Heart Failure (HF) guidelines.
The yoga-based therapy (YBT) group will receive YBT in addition to treatment-as-usual (TAU). YBT will be administered with a manualized protocol and delivered in a group format consisting of nine weekly sessions of 1,5 hours. Group sessions consist of hatha yoga practices of physical postures, breathing practices, and meditation. Each session has a different theme. The practices will primarily consist of yoga exercises (80%) and meditation (e.g., breathing practices) (20%). Between sessions, participants complete an online module with additional psychoeducation and a practice video to encourage home practice for 30-45 minutes a day. YBT will be delivered by a psychologist who is also a trained yoga teacher.
Liquid biopsies based on peripheral blood offer a minimally invasive alternative to solid tissue biopsies for the detection of diseases, primarily cancers. However, such tests currently consider only the serum component of blood, overlooking a potentially rich source of biomarkers: adaptive immune receptors (AIRs) expressed on circulating B and T cells. Machine learning-based classifiers trained on AIRs have been reported to accurately identify not only cancers but also autoimmune and infectious diseases as well. However, when using the conventional "clonotype cluster" representation of AIRs, individuals within a disease or healthy cohort exhibit vastly different features, limiting the generalizability of these classifiers. This study aimed to address the challenge of classifying specific diseases from circulating B or T cells by developing a novel representation of AIRs based on similarity networks constructed from their antigen-binding regions (paratopes). Features based on this novel representation, paratope cluster occupancies (PCOs), significantly improved disease classification performance for infectious disease, autoimmune disease, and cancer. Under identical methodological conditions, classifiers trained on PCOs achieved a mean AUC of 0.893 when applied to new individuals, outperforming clonotype cluster-based classifiers (AUC 0.714) and the best-performing published classifier (AUC 0.777). Surprisingly, for cancer patients, we observed that "healthy-biased" AIRs were predicted to target known cancer-associated antigens at dramatically higher rates than healthy AIRs as a whole (Z scores >75), suggesting an overlooked reservoir of cancer-targeting immune cells that could be identified by PCOs.
Microplastics (MPs) pose a clear threat to aquatic organisms affecting their health. Their impact on liver homeostasis, as well as on the potential onset of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is still poorly investigated and remains almost unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of subchronic exposure to polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs; 1-20 μm; 0, 25, or 250 mg/kg b.w./day) on lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative balance in the liver of gilthead seabreams (Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758) exposed for 21 days via contaminated food. PS-MPs induced an up-regulation of mRNA levels of crucial genes associated with lipid synthesis and storage (i.e., PPARy, Srebp1, Fasn) without modifications of genes involved in lipid catabolism (i.e., PPARα, HL, Pla2) or transport and metabolism (Fabp1) in the liver. The increase of CSF1R and pro-inflammatory cytokines gene expression (i.e., TNF-α and IL-1β) was also observed in exposed fish in a dose-dependent manner. These findings were confirmed by hepatic histological evaluations reporting evidence of lipid accumulation, inflammation, and necrosis. Moreover, PS-MPs caused the impairment of the hepatic antioxidant defense system through the alteration of its enzymatic (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione reductase) and non-enzymatic (glutathione) components, resulting in the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as biomarkers of oxidative damage. The alteration of detoxifying enzymes was inferred by the decreased Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity and the increased activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) at the highest PS-MP dose. The study suggests that PS-MPs affect the liver health of gilthead seabream. The liver dysfunction and damage caused by exposure to PS-MPs result from a detrimental interplay of inflammation, oxidative damage, and antioxidant and detoxifying enzymatic systems modifications, altering the gut-liver axis homeostasis. This scenario is suggestive of the involvement of MP-induced effects in the onset and progression of hepatic lipid dysfunction in gilthead seabream.
People with diabetes mellitus and non-healing ulcers of the lower limb are at higher risk of amputation. Current standard care for foot ulcers includes maintaining optimal blood glucose levels, use of debridement, antibacterials, dressings, antibiotics for infection; adequate nutrition; pressure relief and amputation. There has been an increased interest in the use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) as an adjunctive treatment for diabetic ulcers. HBOT is an established technology which currently is an accepted treatment of chronic diabetic ulcers in Ontario and physicians who provide this service are reimbursed under the current Ontario Health Insurance Plan (OHIP). However there are only a few facilities that can provide this service. In addition, results of published HBOT studies are inconsistent. The current study will provide quality efficacy data on the use of HBOT as an adjunctive therapy. As this study has been recommended by the Ontario Health Technology Advisory Committee (OHTAC), the results of the study will be used to make policy decisions regarding the funding and further utilization of HBOT therapy for people with diabetes mellitus with ulcers of the lower limb in the province. If the results are favorable towards HBOT in the treatment of diabetic ulcers, potential expansion and availability of this and other programs maybe be possible. A randomized placebo control trial evaluating HBOT, to the best of our knowledge has not been completed in this area and will provide much needed information to the scientific community.