anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This is a national, multicenter, phase III, randomized, parallel arms, double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of antibacterial prophylaxis - Levofloxacin 500mg/d given p.o.in newly diagnosed MDS patients who are more than 18 years of age and fulfil an indication for Azacytidine treatment. Patients will be treated for up to 4 cycles of Levofloxacin, or placebo. Subjects allocated to the treatment arm of the study will be administrated Levofloxacin 500mg/d given p.o. once a day, starting on day 10 from beginning of each cycle until day 28. Subject allocated to the placebo arm will be treated with placebo once a day, starting on day 10 from beginning of each cycle until day 28. Levofloxacin and placebo treatment will be continued in the first 4 Azacytidine cycles. This study consists of 3 periods for each study subject: pre-treatment period, treatment period and follow up period. Expected duration of subject participation is 6 months Pre-treatment period: Assessments: MDS evaluation by bone marrow examination including cytogenetics/ FISH must be performed within half a year of the first dose of study drug.
Predicting the likelihood vascular events in patients with BCR/ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) is essential for the treatment of the disease. However, effective assessment methods are lacking. Thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), plasmin-α2- plasmininhibitor complex (PIC), thrombomodulin (TM), and tissue plasminogen activator-inhibitor complex (t-PAIC) are the new direct indicators for coagulation and fibrinolysis. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of these four new indicators in thrombotic and hemorrhagic events in BCR/ABL1-negative MPN. The study cohort of 74 patients with BCR/ABL negative myeloproliferative disorders included essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). A panel of 4 biomarkers, including TAT, PIC, TM, and t-PAIC were determined using Sysmex HISCL5000 automated analyzers, whereas fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), D-dimer and Antithrombin III (ATIII) were analyzed using Sysmex CS5100 coagulation analyzer. A total of 24 (32.4%) patients experienced thrombotic events and hemorrhagic events occurred in 8 patients (10.8%). Compared to patients without hemorrhagic-thrombotic events, patients with thrombotic events had higher fibrinogen (FIB) level, FDP level and lower ATIII activity, while patients with hemorrhagic events had lower white blood cell count and hemoglobin level, higher FDP level (P < 0.05). Patients with a JAK2V617F mutation were more likely to experience thrombotic events (P < 0.05). In addtion, patients with thrombotic events had higher TAT, PIC, TM, and t-PAIC levels than patients without hemorrhagic-thrombotic events (P < 0.05), whereas patients with hemorrhagic events had a lower median value in TAT and TM (no statistical difference, P > 0.05). Patients with higher TAT, TM and t-PAIC were more likely to experience thrombotic events (P < 0.05), and only TAT was positively correlated with thrombotic events (Spearman  r =0.287, P = 0.019). TAT, PIC, TM, and t-PAIC combined with ATIII and FDP have a certain value for predicting thrombosis in patients with BCR/ABL1-negative MPN. These 6 parameters are worth further exploration as predictive factors and prognostic markers for early thrombotic events.
The present invention provides devices, methods and systems for monitoring and/or assessing compliance with infectious disease guidelines for reducing the spread of infectious diseases. The system may include sensing devices and computing devices at or within the facility to compare data based on output from the sensing devices to guidelines and/or recommendations for mitigating infection disease transmission. Various compliance parameters may be identified as being relevant to the guidelines and may be measured with output from the sensing device. Various compliance parameters may be identified as being relevant to the guidelines, but may not be measured with output from the sensing device. The compliance parameters may be scored individually or in groups, including compliance parameters that are not available to be measured from the output of the sensing device, and may provide a score relative to a facility or group of facilities. The score may be presented via a dashboard.
The nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) is a protective limb withdrawal response triggered by painful stimuli, used to assess spinal nociceptive excitability. Conventionally, the NWR is understood as having two reflex responses: a short-latency Aβ-mediated response, considered tactile, and a longer-latency Aδ-mediated response, considered nociceptive. However, nociceptors with conduction velocities similar to Aβ tactile afferents have been identified in human skin. In this study, we investigated the effect of a preferential conduction block of Aβ fibers on pain perception and NWR signaling evoked by intradermal electrical stimulation in healthy participants. We recorded a total of 198 NWR responses in the intact condition, and no dual reflex responses occurred within our latency bandwidth (50-150 ms). The current required to elicit the NWR was higher than the perceptual pain threshold, indicating that NWR did not occur before pain was felt. In the block condition, when the Aβ-mediated tuning fork sensation was lost while Aδ-mediated nonpainful cooling was still detectable (albeit reduced), we observed that the reflex was abolished. Further, short-latency electrical pain intensity at pre-block thresholds was greatly reduced, with any residual pain sensation having a longer latency. Although electrical pain was unaffected at suprathreshold current, the reflex could not be evoked despite a two-fold increase in the pre-block current and a five-fold increase in the pre-block pulse duration. These observations lend support to the possible involvement of Aβ-fiber inputs in pain and reflex signaling.
Objective: Identifying neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) can aid in the early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, there is still a need for a greater consensus. This review aims to delineate the predominant NPS, compile a comprehensive list of the most commonly employed NPS assessment tools, and corroborate the principal findings regarding the link between NPS and neuropsychological assessment and neurobiological substrates. Methods: To conduct this scoping review, we followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guidelines and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). We searched for relevant articles published between 2017 and 2023 in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Results: Of the 61 eligible articles, depression, anxiety, and apathy were the main NPSs. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire and Neuropsychiatric Inventory were the primary assessment tools used to evaluate NPS. Correlations between NPS severity and neurobiological markers were considered clinically significant. Furthermore, clinical procedures prioritized the use of global cognitive screening tools, assessments of executive functions, and functionality evaluations. Conclusion: Standardization of procedures is necessary because of the diversity of methods. The data show that NPS can predict the etiology, severity, form, and type of disease progression, serving as a precursor sign of AD. The results of the most common cognitive screening tools and NPS instruments provided an interesting overview of future clinical approaches.
Novel 4-cinnolinones of general formula (I) in which: A denotes oxygen or an NR3 grouping; R1 denotes: hydrogen, a C1-4 alkyl radical, a C1-4 phenyl alkyl radical or an aminoalkyl grouping; R2 is: a C2-5 alkyl, C3-5 alkenyl, C2-5 hydroxyalkyl, C1-3 alcoxy, C1-4 alkyl radical, a phenyl radical or a C1-3 phenyl alkyl radical; X denotes one or more groupings such as hydrogen, halogen, C1-3 alkyloxy, trifluoromethyl. The invention also concerns the process for their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions comprising as active principle at least one of the compounds of formula (I). R1 denotes: hydrogen or a C1-4 alkyl radical, a C1-4 phenyl alkyl radical, where the aromatic nucleus can be substituted by one or more groupings such as halogen, C1-3 alkyl, C1-3 alkyloxy, trifluoromethyl, an aminoalkyl grouping (II) in which n stands for an integer between 1 and 4 inclusive and R4, R5, the same or different, denote hydrogen, a C1-3 alkyl radical or together form with the nitrogen atom to which they are bound a heterocycle such as pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine or piperazine. R2 denotes: a C2-5 alkyl, C3-5 alkenyl, C2-5 hydroxyalkyl, C1-3 alcoxy, C1-4 alkyl radical, a phenyl radical or a C1-3 alkyl phenyl, where the aromatic nucleus can be substituted by one or more groupings such as halogen, C1-3 alkyl, C1-3 alkyloxy, trifluoromethyl. X denotes one or more groupings such as hydrogen, halogen, C1-3 alkyl, C1-3 alkyloxy, trifluoromethyl. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising as active principle at least one of the compounds of formula (I).
An analgesic and/or antiinflammatory medicament for use in humans and animals contains: (a) sepd. enantiomers of tiaprofenic acid alone or as a mixt. obtd. by mixing the sepd. enantiomers; and (b) conventional carriers and adjuvants. The acid can be present in the form of a salt, pref. an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium or an amino acid salt, esp. the lysinate.
The invention relates to the field of polypeptide drugs, specifically to a Bombina orientalis polypeptide, and a preparation method and application thereof. The Bombina orientalis polypeptide ABP27 has an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID No. 1. Experimental results show that the ABP27 has good antibacterial activity to Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli DH5alpha, Bacillus acnes, animal pathogenic Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Saccharomyces sake. Moreover, the ABP27 has good corrosion resistance and can used as an antiseptic substitute. The ABP27 is capable of inhibiting inflammatory response of Propionibacterium acnes. The Bombina orientalis polypeptide ABP27 provided by the invention can be used for preparing antibacterial drugs or cosmetics, has a wide application scope and produces good economic and social effect.
Patients will receive PCI of all lesions with at least 50% diameter stenosis and positive angiography-derived FFR value (≤0.80). PCI planning will be based on the pullback curve obtained by angiography-derived FFR to obtain an optimal post-PCI physiology.
Renal transplant is the first-line treatment of end-stage renal disease. The increasing number of transplants performed every year has led to a larger population of transplant patients. Complications may arise during the perioperative and postoperative periods, and imaging plays a key role in this scenario. Contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) is a safe tool that adds additional value to US. Contrast agents are usually administered intravenously, but urinary tract anatomy and complications such as stenosis or leak can be studied using intracavitary administration of contrast agents. Assessment of the graft and iliac vessels with CEUS is particularly helpful in identifying vascular and parenchymal complications, such as arterial or venous thrombosis and stenosis, acute tubular injury, or cortical necrosis, which can lead to graft loss. Furthermore, infectious and malignant graft involvement can be accurately studied with CEUS, which can help in detection of renal abscesses and in the differentiation between benign and malignant disease. CEUS is also useful in interventional procedures, helping to guide percutaneous aspiration of collections with better delimitation of the graft boundaries and to guide renal graft biopsies by avoiding avascular areas. Potential postprocedural vascular complications, such as pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula, or active bleeding, are identified with CEUS. In addition, newer quantification tools such as CEUS perfusion are promising, but further studies are needed to approve its use for clinical purposes. ©RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject agent, capable of enhancing humoral and cellular immunity, satisfactorily ingested on a continuous basis, safe, inexpensive and good in flavor by including fucoidan as the effective ingredient. SOLUTION: This immune enhancement agent is obtained by including fucoidan as the effective ingredient. Fucoidan is obtained by extracting seaweed (e.g. brown algae) with hot water or diluted aqueous solution of acid. When the acid extraction is adopted, seaweed is suspended in an aqueous solution of acetic acid or diluted hydrochloric acid, and extracted at room temperature to 100 deg.C. The effluent is then treated by centrifugal separation to remove the precipitates, and the supernatant liquor is neutralized with a solution of sodium hydroxide and incorporated with a solution of calcium chloride, to remove alginic acid which is precipitated. It is further treated by ultrafiltration and dialysis to remove low-molecular-weight compounds, and then freeze-dried.  An effective dose rate of fucoidan is preferably 0.1 to 0.15 g a day per 60 kg of the body weight, when the agent is administered to accelerate production of antibody or interferon γ.
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Long Covid is often stigmatised, particularly in people who are disadvantaged within society. This may prevent them from seeking help and could lead to widening health inequalities. This coproduced study with a Community Advisory Board (CAB) of people with Long Covid aimed to understand healthcare and wider barriers and stigma experienced by people with probable Long Covid.
METHODS: An active case finding approach was employed to find adults with probable, but not yet clinically diagnosed, Long Covid in two localities in London (Camden and Merton) and Derbyshire, England. Interviews explored the barriers to care and the stigma faced by participants and were analysed thematically. This study forms part of the STIMULATE-ICP Collaboration.
FINDINGS: Twenty-three interviews were completed. Participants reported limited awareness of what Long Covid is and the available pathways to management. There was considerable self-doubt among participants, sometimes reinforced by interactions with healthcare professionals (HCPs). Participants questioned their deservedness in seeking healthcare support for their symptoms. Hesitancy to engage with healthcare services was motivated by fear of needing more investigation and concerns regarding judgement about the ability to carry out caregiving responsibilities. It was also motivated by the complexity of the clinical presentation and fear of all symptoms being attributed to poor mental health. Participants also reported trying to avoid overburdening the health system. These difficulties were compounded by experiences of stigma and discrimination. The emerging themes reaffirmed a framework of epistemic injustice in relation to Long Covid, where creating, interpreting and conveying knowledge has varied credibility based on the teller's identity characteristics and/or the level of their interpretive resources.
CONCLUSION: We have codeveloped recommendations based on the findings. These include early signposting to services, dedicating protected time to listening to people with Long Covid, providing a holistic approach in care pathways, and working to mitigate stigma. Regardless of the diagnosis, people experiencing new symptoms must be encouraged to seek timely medical help. Clear public health messaging is needed among communities already disadvantaged by epistemic injustice to raise awareness of Long Covid, and to share stories that encourage seeking care and to illustrate the adverse effects of stigma.
PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: This study was coproduced with a CAB made up of 23 members including HCPs, people with lived experience of Long Covid and other stakeholders.
The present invention relates to compounds that inhibit the binding of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans to beta amyloid peptide (A(beta); Aβ), and to compounds that inhibit Aβ activation of complement. In one aspect, the compound is a peptide having an amino acid sequence X-X-N-X, in which X is an amino acid with a cationic side chain and N is a neutral amino acid. In another aspect, the compound is a peptide having an amino acid sequence X-X-N-X-Z, in which X is an amino acid with a cationic side chain, N is a neutral amino acid and Z is a neutral amino acid. In yet another aspect, the compound is peptide having an amino acid sequence X1-N-X2-X3, in which at least two of X1, X2, and X3 are independently an amino acid with an anionic side chain and the third X is an amino acid with an anionic side chain or a neutral amino acid and N is independently a neutral amino acid. In yet a further aspect, the compound is an anionic disaccharide. The invention also relates to a method for treating Alzheimer's disease comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound as described above to a subject suffering from Alzheimer's disease. Pharmaceutical compositions are also provided.
Compression stockings are mainly used for the prevention and reduction of lower limb oedema or venous thrombosis. There are three compression classes used in health care. The compression stocking group of the study will receive CE-marked stockings within the compression class of 1 (25-40 mmHg compression). The correct size for the compression stockings will be defined by the reported circumference of the participant's ankle and calf. The participants will be given instructions to put the stockings on immediately after getting out of bed in the morning and to take them off before going to bed in the evening for the last four weeks of the study. Stockings within the mild compression class have no harmful effects on individuals when the exclusion criteria are considered. The participants will be instructed to communicate with a dedicated research assistant via e-mail or phone in case of any problems or questions.
OBJECTIVE: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) presents bilaterally in nearly 60%-70% of affected patients. Bilateral carpal tunnel release (CTR) can be performed in a staged or simultaneous fashion. There remains a limited understanding of the optimal preoperative factors to use for patient selection when determining simultaneous versus staged bilateral CTR. Moreover, it is unclear how these factors influence postoperative outcomes. In this study, the authors aimed to identify and compare preoperative comorbidities and postoperative outcomes in patients who had undergone simultaneous versus staged open and endoscopic bilateral CTR.
METHODS: The authors performed a retrospective analysis of data collected from the TriNetX database. Patients with bilateral CTS who had been treated from February 1, 2002, to February 1, 2022, were dichotomized by their bilateral release approach: simultaneous or staged within 3 months. The resulting groups were analyzed separately by open versus endoscopic techniques. Next, cohorts were analyzed for preoperative comorbidities to identify possible factors for surgical determination. Then, they were propensity score matched on demographics and comorbidities. Postoperative outcomes within 6 months of surgery were measured with and without matching.
RESULTS: After matching, 9286 and 3709 patients remained in the open and endoscopic groups, respectively. Those who had undergone staged surgeries via an open or endoscopic approach had more preoperative comorbidities. After matching, staged open release was associated with significantly higher rates of postprocedural care, hand/joint pain, limb pain, trigger finger, and upper respiratory tract infections. Simultaneous open release was associated with higher rates of emergency room visits. Staged endoscopic release was associated with significantly higher rates of postprocedural care, limb pain, and trigger finger. No significant outcomes were favored in the simultaneous endoscopic group.
CONCLUSIONS: Before matching, patients who had undergone staged CTR had significantly higher rates of preoperative medical comorbidities compared with patients in the simultaneous CTR group. Moreover, staged CTR was significantly associated with higher rates of postoperative complications. After matching on demographics and comorbidities, staged CTR was still associated with higher rates of postoperative complications, suggesting that preoperative comorbidities do not influence postoperative outcome. Further prospective studies could be used to validate these results and provide new findings for the management and treatment of these groups.
Clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas (CNFPAs) are the second most frequent sellar tumor among studies on community-dwelling adults. They are characterized by the absence of hormonal hypersecretion syndrome, and patients present with compressive symptoms, such as a headache and visual field defects. Immunohistochemically, most CNFPAs are of gonadotrope differentiation, with only a few of them being truly null cell adenomas. Although these tumors express receptors for one or more hypothalamic releasing hormones, to what extent this has an impact on the biological and clinical behavior of these neoplasms remains to be defined. In this research, we evaluated the basal and hypothalamic secretagogue-stimulated intracellular calcium mobilization in 13 CNFPAs, trying to correlate this response to the phenotypic features of the patients. Our results indicate that the recurrence of a CNFPA correlates positively with cellular responsiveness, as measured by spontaneous intracellular calcium activity and the ability to respond to multiple hypothalamic secretagogues. We conclude that this finding may be a useful tool for predicting the clinicopathologic behavior of CNFPAs, by testing the variation of cellular responsiveness to hypothalamic secretagogues.