anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The aim of this study is to determine the effect of body mass index (BMI) and anxiety on masseter muscle thickness by using ultrasonography.

A total of 68 patients were included in this study. Height and weight of the patients were measured. BMI was calculated. The Control Group Without Anxiety - Normal BMI (15 patients) was composed of patients in general. Working groups were formed as High BMI \& Anxiety Normal (19 patients), Normal BMI \& High Anxiety (15 patients), and High BMI \& High Anxiety (19 patients). The Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) was applied to the participants. Muscle thickness measurements were first measured by using the high-frequency linear scanning probe of an ultrasound device to measure the contraction and relaxation of the right masseter muscle. Then, the contraction and relaxation of the left masseter muscle was measured.
AMONDYS 45 (casimersen) injection is a sterile, aqueous, preservative-free, concentrated solution for dilution prior to intravenous administration. AMONDYS 45 is a clear to slightly opalescent, colorless liquid and may contain trace amounts of small, white to off-white amorphous particles. AMONDYS 45 is supplied in single-dose vials containing 100 mg casimersen (50 mg/mL). AMONDYS 45 is formulated as an isotonic phosphate buffered saline solution with an osmolality of 260 to 320 mOsm and a pH of 7.5. Each milliliter of AMONDYS 45 contains: 50 mg casimersen; 0.2 mg potassium chloride; 0.2 mg potassium phosphate monobasic; 8 mg sodium chloride; and 1.14 mg sodium phosphate dibasic, anhydrous, in water for injection. The product may contain hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide to adjust pH. 

Casimersen is an antisense oligonucleotide of the phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PMO) subclass. PMOs are synthetic molecules in which the five-membered ribofuranosyl rings found in natural DNA and RNA are replaced by a six-membered morpholino ring. Each morpholino ring is linked through an uncharged phosphorodiamidate moiety rather than the negatively charged phosphate linkage that is present in natural DNA and RNA. Each phosphorodiamidate morpholino subunit contains one of the heterocyclic bases found in DNA (adenine, cytosine, guanine, or thymine). Casimersen contains 22 linked subunits. The sequence of bases from the 5' end to 3' end is CAATGCCATCCTGGAGTTCCTG. The molecular formula of casimersen is C268H424N124O95P22 and the molecular weight is 7584.5 daltons. 

The structure of casimersen is:
A solution of extracted psychoactive alkaloids is obtained from psychoactive organisms or an existing extract using a neutral or acidic solvent. Acid extraction of psychoactive compounds from psychoactive organisms results in the dephosphorylated form of psychoactive alkaloids. The solution is basified to deprotonate the alkaloids. It is then subjected to a liquid-liquid extraction with a water-immiscible solvent. The resulting psychoactive organic layer is subjected to evaporation to remove the water-immiscible layer. The resulting residue is dissolved in anhydrous acetone. Anhydrous acetone acidified with a weak acid is added to the solution to cause precipitation of a conjugate salt of the psychoactive alkaloid. The precipitate is dried and standardized to a desired concentration of psychoactive alkaloid by the addition of an excipient. Obtaining the psychoactive alkaloid in the conjugate salt form reduces the amount of non-psychoactive components included in the final extract.
NaAsO2 is known as a harmful pollutant all over the world, and many chronic heart diseases can be attributed to its prolonged exposure in NaAsO2-contaminated water. Therefore, considering the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of betaine (BET), in this study, our team investigated the cardioprotective effects of this phytochemical agent on sodium arsenite (NaAsO2)-induced cardiotoxicity. Forty male mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: (I) Control; (II) BET (500 mg/kg); (III) NaAsO2 (50 ppm); and (IV) NaAsO2 + BET. NaAsO2 was given to the animals for 8 weeks, but BET was given in the last two weeks. After decapitation, inflammatory factors and biochemical parameters were measured, and Western blot analyses were performed. BET decrease the activity level of alanine aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase MB, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level, inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α) content, and nuclear factor kappa B expression. Furthermore, BET increased cardiac total thiol and activity levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase and nuclear factor erythroid-2 expression. Hence, the administration of BET ameliorated the deleterious effects stemming from the imbalance of oxidative and antioxidant pathways and histopathological alterations observed in NaAsO2-intoxicated mice, thereby attenuating oxidative stress-induced damage and inflammation.
FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutical industry, pharmacy, biochemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a pentoxyphylline-base agent that is a purine derivative for oral using. Invention relates to a medicinal agent that is an antagonist of adenosine receptors and an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase. Agent comprises a core consisting of an active substance pentoxyphylline and starch, lactose, stearic acid and a surface modifying agent and an envelopment consisting of a cellulose derivative, titanium dioxide, a sliding substance taken in amount indicated in the invention claim. Invention provides the required quality, in part, satisfied strength, stability in storage, optimal rate of release being independently on activity of gastric and intestine juices and intestine peristalsis. EFFECT: improved and valuable properties of drug. 2 cl, 1 tbl, 1 ex
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease. The relationship between the trajectories of obesity indicators and incident NAFLD is unknown. Therefore, this study aims to explore the sex-specific association between the trajectories of obesity indicators and the incidence of NAFLD.
METHODS AND RESULTS: In total, 9067 participants were recruited for this longitudinal study. Obesity indicators use body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). The trajectory of obesity indicators was analyzed using the growth mixture modeling. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between obesity indicators' trajectories and incident NAFLD. Over a median follow-up of 1.82 years, 1013 (11.74%) participants developed NAFLD. We identified BMI and WC change trajectories as the stable group, increasing group, and decreasing group. After adjusting for baseline level and other confounders, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with stable group of BMI, the increasing group, and decreasing group odds ratio and 95% confidence interval of NAFLD were 2.10 (1.06-4.15), and 0.25 (0.09-0.67) in men, and 1.82 (1.08-3.04) and 0.32 (0.16-0.64) in women. Compared with stable group of WC, the increasing group was 2.57 (1.39-4.74) in men, the increasing group, and decreasing group were 2.29 (1.70-3.10) and 0.28 (0.12-0.64) in women. Sensitivity analysis showed that the results were stable.
CONCLUSION: The BMI and WC changing trajectories are significantly associated with the incidence of NAFLD in men and women. Populations of real-world health examinations can be categorized based on obesity indicator changes to prevent NAFLD.
Patients with moderate PD-L1 expression (CPS 10-20) will receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy. This includes paclitaxel and cisplatin along with serplulimab for 2 cycles.
Subjects receive a single-dose treatment. Urine samples will be collected until 5 days after administration (6 fractions: 0-12h, 12-24h, 24-48h, 48-72h, 72-96h, 96-120h post-administration).
While some old adults stay healthy and non-frail up to late in life, others experience multimorbidity and frailty often accompanied by a pro-inflammatory state. The underlying molecular mechanisms for those differences are still obscure. Here, we used gene expression analysis to understand the molecular underpinning between non-frail and frail individuals in old age. Twenty-four adults (50% non-frail and 50% frail) from InCHIANTI study were included. Total RNA extracted from whole blood was analyzed by Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE). CAGE identified transcription start site (TSS) and active enhancer regions. We identified a set of differentially expressed (DE) TSS and enhancer between non-frail and frail and male and female participants. Several DE TSSs were annotated as lncRNA (XIST and TTTY14) and antisense RNAs (ZFX-AS1 and OVCH1 Antisense RNA 1). The promoter region chr6:366,786,54-366,787,97;+ was DE and overlapping the longevity CDKN1A gene. GWAS-LD enrichment analysis identifies overlapping LD-blocks with the DE regions with reported traits in GWAS catalog (isovolumetric relaxation time and urinary tract infection frequency). Furthermore, we used weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify changes of gene expression associated with clinical traits and identify key gene modules. We performed functional enrichment analysis of the gene modules with significant trait/module correlation. One gene module is showing a very distinct pattern in hub genes. Glycogen Phosphorylase L (PYGL) was the top ranked hub gene between non-frail and frail. We predicted transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) and motif activity. TF involved in age-related pathways (e.g., FOXO3 and MYC) shows different expression patterns between non-frail and frail participants. Expanding the study of OVCH1 Antisense RNA 1 and PYGL may help understand the mechanisms leading to loss of homeostasis that ultimately causes frailty.
For acute heart failure (AHF) patients：NIFP test were conducted 2-3 times during the hospital stay. The first test is supposed to be conducted close to the time of admission. In the same day of each NIFP test a physical examination is performed to the patient and clinical congestion score (CCS) is recorded. If available, the Nt-proBNP test result in the same day of NIFP test is recorded. Echocardiography examination is scheduled for most of patients and Ejection Fraction (EF), E/A, and E/e' ratio are recorded as well.
Concentrated vapors from botanical essential oils are inhaled to prevent, treat and cure infections of the respiratory pathogens causing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (“SARS”). These vapors are inhaled as a practical method to reduce the risks of infection by the pathogens causing SARS in crowded public places. These vapors are also inhaled as a practical method to reduce the risks of infection by unknown, and unpredictable, respiratory pathogens that may be present in public places. The essential oils have antiseptic properties, are safe to inhale, and include, but are not limited to, the essential oils from  Eucalyptus globulus, Melaleuca alternifolia, Eucalyptus citriodora,  and  Eucalyptus radiata.  Convenient hand-held inhaler apparatus are provided for the inhalation of concentrated vapors from the antiseptic essential oils and other substances. The antiseptic essential oils have selected antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal properties.
In the designated patients, 8 mg of dexamethasone or placebo will be given intravenously within 10 minutes after the induction of anesthesia. Anesthesia will be maintained with 2-3 vol% sevoflurane and 60% oxygen in nitrogen, whereas the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) 0.8-1.0 will be used during pneumoperitoneum to ensure oxygen saturation higher than 92%.
NEW MATERIAL:A tropone derivative shown by the formula I (R<1> is H, or lower alkyl; R<2> is H, hydroxy, lower alkyl, or lower alkoxy) and its salt. EXAMPLE:4-Hydroxy-2-methyl-N-( 1-oxo-2, 4, 6-cycloheptatrien-2-yl )-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamido-1,1-dioxide. USE:Having anti-inflammatory action and useful as a drug. PREPARATION:A compound shown by the formula II is reacted with a compound shown by the formula III in a solvent such as preferably methanol, etc. at room temperature or under heating at about the boiling point of the solvent, to give a compound shown by the formula I . When the compound shown by the formula II of a raw material is used in a state of free acid or salt, the reaction is carried out in the presence of an alkali, and when the compound shown by the formula II is used in an ester state, the reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of an alkali metal alkoxide.
###  Adults 16 Years and Older

In clinical trials, daily doses of 1000 mg, 2000 mg, and 3000 mg, given as twice-daily dosing were shown to be effective. Although in some studies there was a tendency toward greater response with higher dose [see Clinical Studies (14.1)], a consistent increase in response with increased dose has not been shown.

Treatment should be initiated with a daily dose of 1000 mg/day, given as twice-daily dosing (500 mg twice daily). Additional dosing increments may be given (1000 mg/day additional every 2 weeks) to a maximum recommended daily dose of 3000 mg. Doses greater than 3000 mg/day have been used in open-label studies for periods of 6 months and longer. There is no evidence that doses greater than 3000 mg/day confer additional benefit.

###  Pediatric Patients

Dosing information in pediatric patients less than 4 years of age as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial onset seizures is approved for UCB, Inc.’s levetiracetam tablets and oral solution. However, due to UCB, Inc.’s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that pediatric information.

###  4 Years to < 16 Years

Treatment should be initiated with a daily dose of 20 mg/kg in 2 divided doses (10 mg/kg twice daily). The daily dose should be increased every 2 weeks by increments of 20 mg/kg to the recommended daily dose of 60 mg/kg (30 mg/kg twice daily). If a patient cannot tolerate a daily dose of 60 mg/kg, the daily dose may be reduced. In the clinical efficacy trial, the mean daily dose was 44 mg/kg. The maximum daily dose was 3000 mg/day.

For Levetiracetam tablet dosing in pediatric patients weighing 20 to 40 kg, treatment should be initiated with a daily dose of 500 mg given as twice daily dosing (250 mg twice daily). The daily dose should be increased every 2 weeks by increments of 500 mg to a maximum recommended daily dose of 1500 mg (750 mg twice daily).

For Levetiracetam tablet dosing in pediatric patients weighing more than 40 kg, treatment should be initiated with a daily dose of 1000 mg/day given as twice daily dosing (500 mg twice daily). The daily dose should be increased every 2 weeks by increments of 1000 mg/day to a maximum recommended daily dose of 3000 mg (1500 mg twice daily).
Endoscopic treatment and crytallized phenol application are two sovereign treatments described for pilonidal disease. The curative rate may be as low as 65 % and the recurrence rate is at least 10 % after crystallized phenol alone application for pilonidal disease. The experience with endoscopic treatment of pilonidal sinus is only limited but at least 4 % recurrence rate was reported.

In this study a preliminary group of 23 patients were treated with combination of these two modalities between February to May 2014 and at the end of 6-9 months follow up, there was no recurrence after excellent cosmetic results. Patients were all operated and mild sedation and local anesthesia. There was no serious complication but only some skin irritation was noticed secondary to phenol burn. Some patients felt mild pain and the pain was self limited in most cases where only a few needed oral pain killers. Some patients were observed to have mild drainage from the sinus but only two of them needed further application of phenol crystals.
PURPOSE: Breast cancer is one of the leading types of cancer diagnosed in women. Despite the improvements in chemotherapeutic cure strategies, drug resistance is still an obstacle leading to disease aggressiveness. The small non-coding RNA molecules, miRNAs, have been implicated recently to be involved as regulators of gene expression through the silencing of mRNA targets that contributed to several cellular processes related to cancer metastasis. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the beneficial role and mechanism of miRNA-34a-based gene therapy as a novel approach for conquering drug resistance mediated by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in breast cancer cells, besides exploring the associated invasive behaviors.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Bioinformatics tools were used to predict miRNA ABC transporter targets by tracking the ABC transporter pathway. After the establishment of drug-resistant breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 sublines, cells were transfected with the mimic or inhibitor of miRNA-34a-5p. The quantitative expression of genes involved in drug resistance was performed by QRT-PCR, and the exact ABC transporter target specification interaction was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis was utilized to determine the ability of miRNA-34a-treated cells against doxorubicin uptake and accumulation in cell cycle phases. The spreading capability was examined by colony formation, migration, and wound healing assays. The apoptotic activity was estimated as well.
RESULTS: Our findings firstly discovered the mechanism of miRNA-34a-5p restoration as an anti-drug-resistant molecule that highly significantly attenuates the expression of ABCC1 via the direct targeting of its 3'- untranslated regions in resistant breast cancer cell lines, with a significant increase of doxorubicin influx by MDA-MB-231/Dox-resistant cells. Additionally, the current data validated a significant reduction of metastatic potentials upon miRNA-34a-5p upregulation in both types of breast cancer-resistant cells.
CONCLUSION: The ectopic expression of miRNA-34a ameliorates the acquired drug resistance and the migration properties that may eventually lead to improved clinical strategies and outcomes for breast cancer patients. Additionally, miRNA-34a could be monitored as a diagnostic/prognostic biomarker for resistant conditions.
The present invention discloses an application of cardiac troponin I to preparing a medicine for inhibiting tumors. Research indicates that the cardiac troponin I has the function of inhibiting tumors. The present invention has the technical scheme that the cardiac troponin I is applied to preparing a medicine for inhibiting tumors. The effective dose of the cardiac troponin I is 1 microgram to 1 milligram per kilogram of body weight every day in the medicine for inhibiting tumors. One or more pharmacologically acceptable carriers can be also added to the medicine for inhibiting tumors during preparation. The present invention also discloses a cardiac troponin I coding gene effectively expressed in a colibacillus and pichia pastoris expression system. The medicine of the present invention does not directly act on the tumor cells, has broad spectrum function of inhibiting tumors, does not generate medicine tolerance, and has profound practical significance.
Significant doubts remain about which type of GnRH agonists \[GnRHa\] administration to be used in controlled ovarian stimulation \[COS\] cycles. The use of a single-dose depot long-acting GnRHa instead of a daily low dose preparation would be more comfortable for patients, however, inducing a profound pituitary desensitization, it increases the number of gonadotropin ampoules and the duration of the COS cycle without improving pregnancy rates or other clinical outcomes. Thus, some authors recommend a reduction of both dose and/or duration of GnRHa administration. Halving the dose of depot triptorelin, for instance, has been studied against its full dose administration since 1992 with rather similar clinical outcomes. Half-dose depot leuprolide acetate has also resulted in comparable clinical outcomes with standard daily injections in long GnRHa protocol. Reducing the daily doses of short acting GnRHa has been advocated to demonstrate equivalent results to standard doses. To our knowledge, however, the reduced daily doses have not been evaluated against half dose depot forms in long GnRHa protocols.

Thus, we originally compared a half-dose depot triptorelin with reduced daily doses of short-acting buserelin in a long protocol for intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer \[ICSI/ET\] cycles.
Mentor and mentee meet at least every second week, for 2-4 h on every occasion, during 1 year (i.e., for a minimum of two school semesters). Meetings take place outside school and work hours, and the pairs choose activities of their own preferences. No monetary incentives exist, and the mentors are laymen volunteers. The program objective is to establish a safe and supportive relationship, by which the youth is assumed to benefit in social, emotional, and academic development, and as a consequence, be less prone to use alcohol and drugs.
Techniques for immunotherapy are provided. The techniques first provide a method for the treatment of a patient. The method comprises the steps of obtaining recombinant Fc fragments; and providing the recombinant Fc fragments for treatment of the patient The techniques also provide a method for the treatment of a patient having an autoimmune disease. The method comprises the steps of obtaining recombinant Fc fragments of immunoglobulin G; and providing the recombinant Fc fragments of immunoglobulin G for treatment of the patient having an autoimmune disease. The techniques further provide a method for the treatment of a patient having an atopic disease. The method comprises the steps of obtaining Fc fragments of immunoglobulin G; and providing the Fc fragments of immunoglobulin G for treatment of the patient having an atopic disease.
Multidrug Resistant (MDR) bacteria have become a major worldwide public health challenge and hospitals are now increasingly faced with management of local outbreaks involving such pathogens. Especially, intensive care units (ICU) provide an ideal background for outbreaks caused by MDR bacteria among which carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) can be found. Among CPE involved in ICU outbreaks, VIM producers have been reported worldwide, and described as especially difficult to control. The COVID-19 pandemic and all of the measures health workers have to implement to fight the spread of SARS-Cov-2 have also impacted the management of such outbreaks. The likely source of an outbreak is not always easy to pinpoint, but some common sources can be cited: an index patient with a history of hospitalization abroad, a contaminated instrument, and/or an environmental reservoir. CPE outbreaks in ICU usually have multifactorial origins, thus needing to combine several actions to be controlled. Infection and prevention control (IPC) measures habitually rely on patients screening, use of contact precautions, staff education, enhanced environmental cleaning, cohorting of patients and staff as well as a proper antimicrobial stewardship. Investigation of these outbreaks and implementation of IPC measures are ensured by various professional categories in the hospital. This implies a tight cooperation and communication between all involved healthcare workers.

In this retrospective study, the investigators aim to describe the management of an outbreak caused by a VIM-producing Enterobacter cloacae strain during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic in an ICU, and show the importance of concerted measures and actions implemented at multiple levels to prevent the spread of this MDR strain.