anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Transdermal drug delivery (by way of patches that adhere to the skin and deliver drug in a time-dependent fashion) allows for systemic drug delivery through the skin, while avoiding many of the side effects and challenges associated with oral or intravenous drug delivery. One significant challenge limiting the number of drug compounds that can be transdermally delivered is the hydrophobic nature of the skin, which provides a highly efficient barrier against the absorption of drug molecules. Micropatches are small patches with tiny projections that are a minimally invasive way to allow drug molecules to cross the skin by creating micron-sized channels (also called micropores) in the skin, thereby increasing its permeability. Micropatches have been safely used in hundreds of patients for administration of drugs and vaccines through the skin. Studies have demonstrated that micropatch treatment is relatively painless and well-tolerated by most patients.

Following micropatch treatment, the skin must heal the micropores. In young healthy individuals this process takes approximately 48 to 72 hours when the skin is covered by an occlusive patch. One of the factors that may also affect micropore healing time is the depth of the micropores in the skin immediately after micropatch treatment. There are almost no data available regarding how race and ethnicity affect the depth of micropores after micropatch application. It is important to study differences in micropore depth so investigators can better understand why rates of micropore closure vary in different racial/ethnic populations. Without this information the potential for variability in drug delivery is high.

In this study the investigators will objectively measure skin color with a colorimeter to characterize the epidermal properties of individuals of different self-identified races and ethnicities. Measurements of trans-epidermal water loss will be used to evaluate formation of micropores in the skin; electrical impedance measurements will be used to estimate rates of micropore closure. The investigators will visualize the micropores created after micropatch treatment with the use of an optical coherence tomography instrument that will allow for calculation of epidermal thickness and micropore depth. All of these skin characteristics can be measured using noninvasive methods that are quick and painless.
The investigators propose that steps to augment and optimize the effectiveness of prehabilitation interventions for abdominal cancer patients may be found in the field of sport science. The investigators have identified two primary strategies to improve and optimize prehabilitation in patients with abdominal cancer: exercise and nutritional supplementation. A home-based exercise program incorporating both walking and resistance training will be performed with blood flow restriction training (BFR). BFR is a cutting-edge training modality that works by restricting blood flow out of the veins by using compression devices similar to traditional blood pressure cuffs (1). This training modality is frequently used by injured athletes for enhanced recovery (2). Muscle hypertrophy and increased muscle strength are more robust and achievable with BFR, even if exercises are performed at low to moderate intensities (2). Additionally, the implementation of a sports nutrition supplement cocktail, which will be provided simultaneously with the 4-week BFR exercise intervention, was developed to augment the effects of resistance exercise by increasing overall anabolism (3) and to remedy the catabolic state that cancer patients often experience (4). The nutrition supplement cocktail will include whey protein, creatine monohydrate, and L-citrulline.
Fucoxanthin (Fx), a xanthophyll carotenoid abundant in brown algae, possesses several biological functions, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardiac-protective activities. However, the role of Fx in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) is still unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Fx on MI/R-induced injury and explore the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that in vitro, Fx treatment significantly suppressed inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in rat cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). In addition, Fx led to increased phosphorylation of AMPK, AKT, and GSK-3β, and enhanced activation of Nrf2 in cardiomyocytes under H/R conditions. Notably, pretreatment with Compound C (AMPK inhibitor), partially reduced the beneficial effects of Fx in cardiomyocytes exposed to H/R. In vivo, Fx ameliorated myocardial damage, inhibited inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, and activated the AMPK/GSK-3β/Nrf2 signaling in myocardial tissues in MI/R rat model. Taken together, these findings indicated that Fx attenuates MI/R-induced injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis. The AMPK/GSK-3β/Nrf2 pathway is involved in the cardioprotective effect of Fx in MI/R injury. Thus, Fx may be a promising drug for the treatment of MI/R.
PURPOSE: Chronic abdominal pain after RYGB is a known issue. Identifying the potential patient-related and modifiable risk factors might contribute to diminish the risk for this undesirable outcome.
METHODS: A single-center retrospective cohort study with prospective data collection was conducted with inclusion of all patients who underwent RYGB surgery between 2015 and 2021. Data from the NBSR and medical records were used. Patients with chronic abdominal pain were defined when pain lasting or recurring for more than 3 to 6 months.
RESULTS: Six hundred sixty-four patients who underwent RYGB surgery were included with a median follow-up of 60.5 months. Forty-nine patients (7.3%) presented with chronic abdominal pain. Postoperative complications (OR 13.376, p = 0.020) and diagnosis of depression (OR 1.971, p = 0.037) were associated with developing abdominal pain. On the other hand, ex-smokers (OR 0.222, p = 0.040) and older age (0.959, p = 0.004) presented as protective factors.
CONCLUSION: Postoperative complications and diagnosis of depression are risk factors for chronic pain after RYGB. The role of the bariatric MDT remains crucial to select these patients adequately beforehand.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled composition having improved dispersion stability of inorganic powder substance without damaging foaming ability of a cleaning agent, containing a cationic active agent comprising an alkyl succinate, an inorganic powder substance and a glucose derivative as active ingredients. CONSTITUTION:A skin cleaning agent composition containing a cationic active agent comprising an alkyl succinate shown by formula I or formula II (R1 is 6-18C alkyl; R' is 6-18C alkyl or alkali metal; M is alkali metal; n is 2-5), an inorganic powder substance and a glucose derivative as active ingredients. The inorganic powder substance is an inorganic mineral of lamellar structural material consisting essentially of silicon dioxide and crystalline having 0.05-50mum average particle diameter or particles having colloidal properties. For example, kaolin, talc or calcium carbonate may be cited as the inorganic powder substance. The amount of the inorganic powder substance blended is preferably 25-55wt.% based on sum of the composition. The amount of the glucose derivative blended is properly 0.5-4.0wt.%.
Oral Isotard® 25mg XL (Isosorbide Mononitrate) tablets. Oral Isotard® 25mg XL: Day 1-5 / 25mg daily morning dose. Day 6 to week 52 / 50mg daily morning dose. Week 53 / 25mg daily morning dose. Week 54 / NIL dose. Or Oral Isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN) non-XL 20mg tablets: Day 1-5 / 20mg daily evening dose. Day 6 to week 52 / 20mg twice daily morning \& evening. Week 53 / 20mg daily morning dose. Week 54 / NIL dose.
Coffee leaf rust, caused by the fungus Hemileia vastatrix, has become a major concern for coffee-producing countries. Additionally, there has been an increase in the resistance of certain races of the fungus to fungicides and breeding cultivars, making producers use alternative control methods. In this work, we transplanted the leaf surface microbiota of rust-resistant coffee species (Coffea racemosa and Coffea stenophylla) to Coffea arabica and tested whether the new microbiota would be able to minimize the damage caused by H. vastatrix. It was seen that the transplant was successful in controlling rust, especially from C. stenophylla, but the protection depended on the concentration of the microbiota. Certain fungi, such as Acrocalymma, Bipolaris, Didymella, Nigrospora, Setophaeosphaeria, Simplicillium, Stagonospora and Torula, and bacteria, such as Chryseobacterium, Sphingobium and especially Enterobacter, had their populations increased and this may be related to the antagonism seen against H. vastatrix. Interestingly, the relative population of bacteria from genera Pantoea, Methylobacterium and Sphingomonas decreased after transplantation, suggesting a positive interaction between them and H. vastatrix development. Our findings may help to better understand the role of the microbiota in coffee leaf rust, as well as help to optimize the development of biocontrol agents.
FIELD: medicine, homeopathy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to development of complex homeopathic agents used for treatment of patients with urolithiasis. Proposed agent has Chelidonium majus C3, Berberis vulgaris C3, Nux vomica C3, Terebinthina laricina C3, Lithium carbonicum C6, Acidum nitricum C3 and all components are taken at equal parts. Agent can be made as sugar granules. Treatment with the proposed agent provides improvement of the general state of all patients, decrease of leukocyte counts in urine, disappearance of disuric disorders, temperature normalization, improvement of the state of health, increase of working capacity. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of agent. 2 cl, 1 ex
Crinone® 4% is administered vaginally every other day up to a total of six doses. For women who fail to respond, a trial of Crinone® 8% every other day up to a total of six doses may be instituted. 

It is important to note that a dosage increase from the 4% gel can only be accomplished by using the 8% gel. Increasing the volume of gel administered does not increase the amount of progesterone absorbed.

SEE Crinone® PATIENT INFORMATION SHEET \- HOW TO USE Crinone® .

Note: The PATIENT INFORMATION SHEET contains special instructions for using the applicator at altitudes above 2500 feet in order to avoid a partial release of Crinone® before vaginal insertion.
PURPOSE:To obtain a muscle relaxant containing an aminoketone derivative or a salt thereof as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:A muscle relaxant obtaining a compound shown by formula I (R1 is p-trihalogenomethyl) or a salt thereof as an active ingredient. The compound shown by formula I as the active ingredient is obtained by reacting 1 equivalent compound shown by formula II with >=0.5 equivalent, preferably 1-10 equivalents formaldehyde and pyrrolidine. The reaction is carried out in the presence of preferably a catalytic amount of an acid, more preferably hydrochloric acid in the absence of a solvent or preferably in a solvent (e.g. alcohol such as propanol, isopropanol, butanol, etc., ketone such as acetone, etc.) at 0-200 deg.C, preferably 10 deg.C- about boiling point of the solvent for 0.5-4hr, preferably 3-48hr. The relaxant may be orally or parenterally administered. A dose is 0.1-20mg/kg/day. The agent has prolonged effects, relaxing action on rigidity in a decerebrate specimen and further anticonvulsant action.
What Did You Do Today? Diary: According to randomization, the children in the Cluster 2 group were asked to write down their daily activities and activities (eating, watching TV, time spent with their friends at school, etc.) and the children in this group were asked to generally ask, "What did I do today?" answered the question.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention concerns medicine and can be used in case of brain tissue ischemia occurrence, a myocardium and other tissues. For this purpose parenteral injection of a preparation, having a halogenic anesthetic in sub-anesthetic doses is carried out. In quality of halogenic anesthetics dezflurane, isoflurane, halothanum or sevoflurane are administered. ^ EFFECT: invention allows providing the accelerated induction of protection against an ischemia at the expense of oxygen consumption depression with an ischemic tissue, and also at the expense of fast and convenient introduction halogenic volatile anesthetics, allowing avoiding the by-effects bound to their use at a traditional way of injection. ^ 20 cl, 5 dwg, 9 tbl, 2 ex
There is no body of evidence available from controlled trials to indicate how long the depressed patient should be treated with nefazodone. It is generally agreed, however, that pharmacological treatment for acute episodes of depression should continue for up to 6 months or longer. Whether the dose of antidepressant needed to induce remission is identical to the dose needed to maintain euthymia is unknown. Systematic evaluation of the efficacy of nefazodone has shown that efficacy is maintained for periods of up to 36 weeks following 16 weeks of open-label acute treatment (treated for 52 weeks total) at dosages that averaged 438 mg/day. For most patients, their maintenance dose was that associated with response during acute treatment (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY). The safety of nefazodone in long-term use is supported by data from both double-blind and open-label trials involving more than 250 patients treated for at least one year.
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS), comprising approximately 1% of adult solid malignancies, are primarily treated with surgery, with the choice of perioperative treatment being a challenging and highly individualized decision. Clinical trials assessing neoadjuvant modalities in STS predominantly use clinical outcomes or radiologic response as endpoints, with pathologic complete response (pCR) not being employed as a designated study endpoint. Our systematic review aimed to assess the rates of pCR in clinical trials of different neoadjuvant modalities for STS and its correlation with patient clinical outcomes. 23 phase I, II and III studies were included, from which data regarding rates of pCR with each treatment, as well as correlation of pCR with clinical outcomes were retrieved. In 16 trials that assessed pCR, the percentage of patients who achieved a pCR ranged from 8 to 58%. Most of these trials did not aim to establish an association between pCR and clinical outcomes. However, among those that did investigate this correlation, a positive association was identified between pCR and both 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) and 5-year overall survival (OS). While pCR serves as a crucial marker guiding treatment decisions in other neoplasms like triple negative breast cancer and urothelial cancer, it is not yet used in a similar setting for STS. Our findings indicate variability in patients achieving pCR across different neoadjuvant treatments for STS and a possible positive correlation with patient outcomes. Consequently, we propose considering pCR as a surrogate endpoint in future prospective trials for STS.
The present invention relates to compositions comprising Graptopetalum and uses thereof. Graptopetalum can protect animals from liver diseases and medical conditions, such as inflammation, steatosis, and fibrosis. In particular, Graptopetalum inhibits proliferation of activated hepatic stellate cells, which play a pivotal role in liver fibrosis. Graptopetalum also has anti-fibrosis activities as well as inhibits proliferation of lung fibroblasts. Therefore, in addition to being a prophylactic and therapeutic agent for the liver, Graptopetalumis useful against fibrosis or inflammation of tissues or organs other than the liver, in particular lung, kidney, and bladder. Other plants in the family of Crassulaceae, particularly Echeveria, have similar effects as Graptopetalum.
For the purposes of this review, obstetric sepsis refers to sepsis (from all causes, including non-obstetric such as pneumonia) in pregnant or postpartum patients, which was previously described as maternal sepsis. Obstetric sepsis poses a significant threat to pregnant, birthing, and postpartum individuals, contributing prominently to maternal mortality and morbidity despite being largely preventable1. In response to identified gaps in sepsis management, particularly the lack of specific protocols tailored to obstetric populations, New York-Presbyterian undertook a system-wide initiative to implement a comprehensive sepsis bundle. This initiative included the development of new criteria for identifying sepsis in obstetric patients, the creation of electronic medical record (EMR) alerts aligned with obstetric-specific indicators, and the establishment of a structured sepsis management algorithm. The project involved collaboration across eight hospital campuses within the New York-Presbyterian system, aiming to standardize and improve the early recognition and treatment of sepsis in maternal care. Key components included rigorous data analysis to select appropriate sepsis criteria, simulation-based training to familiarize clinical teams with the new algorithm, and continuous refinement of alert systems to mitigate alarm fatigue and enhance responsiveness. Post-implementation evaluation revealed a significant reduction in preventable morbidity related to sepsis, accompanied by the identification of additional gaps in fever and chorioamnionitis management. These findings prompted the development of new clinical guidelines to further enhance patient safety. Challenges encountered included adapting sepsis criteria to balance sensitivity and specificity, as well as integrating trauma-informed care principles into clinical practice. This project underscores the effectiveness of tailored quality improvement efforts in maternal health, emphasizing the critical role of proactive interventions in enhancing patient outcomes and safety within obstetric settings. Ongoing efforts focus on monitoring process metrics through a dedicated sepsis dashboard and advancing education on trauma-informed care principles, highlighting the continued commitment to sustained improvement in maternal health outcomes.
Cerebellofaciodental syndrome characterized with dysmorphic features, intellectual disability, and brain anomalies. Now its clinical spectrum expanded more manifestations including bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment and inner ear malformation. Here, we report a 14-month-old boy with global developmental delay and hearing disorder. Whole exome sequencing (WES) revealed the compound heterozygous variants [NM_001519.4: c.652 T > G (p.W218G); c.915 + 1G > T] in the BRF1 gene which inherited from his parents, respectively. The MRI results showed hypoplastic cerebellar vermis, enlarged cisterna magna, and prominent fourth ventricle, the rehabilitation therapy failed to improve the symptoms for our patient. Our finding expands the genetic spectrum of BRF1 variants, which indicates patients with the developmental delay caused by BRF1 variants require other treatments instead of rehabilitation.
Absorption of levetiracetam is rapid, with peak plasma concentrations occurring in about an hour following oral administration in fasted subjects. The oral bioavailability of levetiracetam tablets is 100% and the tablets and oral solution are bioequivalent in rate and extent of absorption. Food does not affect the extent of absorption of levetiracetam but it decreases Cmax by 20% and delays Tmax by 1.5 hours. The pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam are linear over the dose range of 500 to 5000 mg. Steady state is achieved after 2 days of multiple twice-daily dosing. Levetiracetam and its major metabolite are less than 10% bound to plasma proteins; clinically significant interactions with other drugs through competition for protein binding sites are therefore unlikely.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject preparation effective for improving the moisture- retaining performance of the cuticle layer and exhibiting excellent chapped skin improving effect by using a specific partly new amide derivative as an active component and optionally adding a nonionic surfactant to the component. SOLUTION: This preparation contains about 0.1-20wt.% of an amide derivative of formula I [R<1> and R<2> are each a 1-40C hydrocarbon group which may have OH; X and Y are each O or methylene (X and Y are not O at the same time); Z is H or 2,3-dihydroxypropyl; (m) is 1-6; (n) is 0-3]. The system is preferably further incorporated with about 0.1-5wt.% of a surfactant (e.g. a glyceryl ether). The compound of formula II is a new compound among the compounds of formula I. The compound of formula I or the compound of formula III which is one of the compound of formula I can be produced e.g. from the amide derivative of formula IV via an amide derivative of formula V (R<4> is methoxymethyl, etc.). A compound wherein Z is 2,3-dihydroxypropyl can be produced from the compound of formula III via two steps.
Improved processes for the extraction of quassinoids such as quassin and neoquassin from natural substances containing these compounds are described. The process uses compounds that are Generally Recognized As Safe by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. In a first embodiment, the process includes a sonication method using water and no organic solvent. The process is highly efficient and comprises fewer steps than other processes known in the art. In a second embodiment, a method of extracting quassinoids from natural substance comprising bark of a plant of the plant family Simaroubaceae is also disclosed. In a third embodiment, indirect sonication of quassinoids is described using a mixture of polar and non-polar organic solvents.
The invention discloses an externally-applied spray for treating tinea pedis. The spray comprises a main traditional Chinese medicine material and auxiliary materials, wherein the main traditional Chinese medicine material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 to 90 parts of compound traditional Chinese medicine extracting liquid and 29 to 57 parts of compound traditional Chinese medicine powder; the auxiliary materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 2 to 4 parts of an adhesive, 2.3 to 2.5 parts of a diluent, 8 to 14 parts of a wetting agent and 3 to 5 parts of an effervescing agent; the compound traditional Chinese medicine extracting liquid is composed of abutilon indicum, cyanotis arachnoidea, alchornea trewioides leaves, shrubalthea bark, olive root, bunge pricklyash leaves and cucumber leaves; the compound traditional Chinese medicine powder is composed of buddleia davidii Franch., calappa philargius and seeds of Chinese waxgourd. A preparation method of the spray comprises the following steps: adding the diluent, the effervescing agent, the wetting agent and the adhesive into the compound traditional Chinese medicine extracting liquid and the compound traditional Chinese medicine powder, pelletizing and tabletting and then throwing into 40% ethyl alcohol so as to obtain the spray. The spray can be used for expelling wind-damp, treating cold stasis, inhibiting growth and propagation of fungi as well as relieving itching and moistening skin, has obvious effects for treating dry-type and wet-type tinea pedis or dermatophytosis. In addition, the relapse of the tinea pedis or the dermatophytosis is basically avoided. The prepared spray is convenient and sanitary to use.
Subjects receive either eszopiclone or placebo for 9 days, followed by 3 week washout, then crossover to opposite treatment. Treatment is double-blinded.