anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Cervicocephalic artery dissection corresponds to a hematoma in the wall of a cervical or an intracranial artery and is an important cause of stroke in children and young and middle-aged adults. While extracranial cervical artery dissection (CeAD) has been extensively studied and described, less information is available on pure intracranial artery dissection (IAD) not involving the cervical portion of the artery. Early reports were based exclusively on autopsy series, hence biased towards the most severe cases. The incidence of IAD is unknown, but is probably lower than the incidence of symptomatic CeAD in populations of European origin. The proportion of IAD among all cervicocephalic dissections varies substantially between ethnic and age groups, and depending on study recruitment strategies and ascertainment methods. Indeed, recruitments through departments of neurology are biased towards CeAD and IAD presenting with local symptoms and/or ischaemic stroke while recruitments through departments of neurosurgery or interventional neuroradiology are biased towards IAD presenting with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH).Therefore, patients with IAD are managed not only by neurologists, but also by neurosurgeons, and interventional neuroradiologists, each having an incomplete picture of the disease.

The vast majority of reported series of IAD patients come from Asian countries and IAD affects the posterior circulation more frequently than the anterior circulation in these series. This contrasts with CeAD and saccular intracranial aneurysms, which most commonly affect the anterior circulation. Due to treatment and publication bias little is known about the natural history of IAD. Overall, IAD is assumed to have a more severe course than CeAD, with a more ominous outcome in patients with SAH IAD than in patients with non-SAH IAD. Furthermore, little information is available on the risk of recurrent IAD as well as risk for recurrent ischaemic and haemorrhagic events. Radiological diagnosis of IAD can be challenging given the small size of intracranial arteries, and the subtle and non-specific radiological signs which tend to evolve with time.

The optimal treatment of IAD is unknown. There are no randomised trials and only observational studies with relatively small sample sizes are available, thus providing a very low level of evidence. Patients with SAH IAD are usually treated by surgery or endovascular procedures because up to 40% of the patients experience re-bleeding within the first days after the event. Various surgical and endovascular treatment methods have been proposed for intracranial dissecting aneurysms. When patients are in poor clinical condition or treatment has an unacceptably high complication risk, it can be decided to withhold from surgical or endovascular treatment. In addition, Most non-SAH IAD patients have been treated medically, but the choice of antithrombotic therapy (anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents) has been evaluated neither in randomised trials nor in systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational data. As a consequence, there is currently no consensus on optimal treatment of IAD.
Diets containing nuts likely reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk but the mechanisms remain poorly defined. Walnuts contain substantial amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), and are a rich source of bioactives. Many vegetable oils are high in PUFAs but most lack ALA and do not provide the same complement of bioactive compounds as walnuts. ALA is thought to improve cardiovascular health by modulating circulating lipid concentrations, altering membrane structure/function by enhancing the total ω-3 fatty acid content of cell membrane phospholipids, and reducing inflammatory reactions by inhibiting production of arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoids. Consumption of walnuts has consistently been shown to improve blood lipids/lipoproteins and vascular health. However, there remains much debate over what is the preferable replacement for saturated fat in the diet. Because of the ALA and bioactives that they provide, walnuts may confer specific CVD benefits. To study the effects of walnuts, in terms of both their ALA content and bioactive compounds, we will compare two test diets (one containing walnuts and one matched for PUFA and ALA content but devoid of walnuts and their bioactives) to a control diet matched for macronutrient and linoleic acid (LA) content but providing oleic acid in place of ALA. This diet design will provide information about how walnuts affect the selected endpoints of interest due to their bioactives as well as their ALA content, and whether walnut ALA is a superior substitute for dietary saturated fat compared to oleic acid.

Feeding protocol and study treatments:

This study is designed as a double-blind, 3-period, randomized, cross-over controlled feeding study. Prior to randomization, participants will complete a two week run-in on a standard Western diet. Each diet period treatment phase will be 6 weeks in duration, separated by 2-week washout periods. The three test diets are: 1) a walnut diet (WD; providing \~2.0 oz of walnuts per day); 2) a matched walnut control diet (WCD) that will provide the same fatty acid profile as the walnut diet, but will not contain walnuts (and their bioactives); and 3) a low ALA diet (LAD) with a similar macronutrient (and linoleic acid) composition as the WD and WCD, but using oleic acid to replace ALA. Study diets will be prepared in a metabolic kitchen, with three isocaloric meals and a snack provided each day, based on a 7-day rotating menu cycle. Participants will be instructed to consume only the prepared foods and limit their intake of alcohol to 2 drinks/week and caffeinated calorie-free beverages to 40 ounces (5 drinks) per day. Diets will be planned for every subject according to his/her energy requirements and will be nutritionally adequate. This diet design will permit the WD to be compared with the WCD and LAD and, thereby, allow us to ascertain the specific effects that walnuts and their bioactive components (including and beyond ALA) may have on CVD risk factors and artery health.
BACKGROUND: Patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have an elevated risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) following nephrectomy. Therefore, continuous monitoring and subsequent interventions are necessary. It is recommended to evaluate renal function postoperatively. Therefore, a tool to predict CKD onset is essential for postoperative follow-up and management.
METHODS: We constructed a cohort using data from eight tertiary hospitals from the Korean Renal Cell Carcinoma (KORCC) database. A dataset of 4389 patients with RCC was constructed for analysis from the collected data. Nine machine learning (ML) models were used to classify the occurrence and nonoccurrence of CKD after surgery. The final model was selected based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC), and the importance of the variables constituting the model was confirmed using the shapley additive explanation (SHAP) value and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses.
RESULTS: The gradient boost algorithm was the most effective among the various ML models tested. The gradient boost model demonstrated superior performance with an AUROC of 0.826. The SHAP value confirmed that preoperative eGFR, albumin level, and tumor size had a significant impact on the occurrence of CKD after surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: We developed a model to predict CKD onset after surgery in patients with RCC. This predictive model is a quantitative approach to evaluate post-surgical CKD risk in patients with RCC, facilitating improved prognosis through personalized postoperative care.
PURPOSE:To obtain a nasal administration preparation having low toxicity, low irritation to mucosa and almost no unpleasant smell, containing dopamine as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:Dopamine, preferably dopamine hydrochloride, is used as an active ingredient alone or blended with a surfactant, thickening agent or absorption promoter, etc., and pharmaceutically manufactured by a conventional procedure to give the aimed substance. The aimed substance can be processed into a dosage form such as an aqueous solution, hydrogel or solid powder. A dose is 0.05-0.5ml calculated as solution per time. Polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol or sodium cholate may be cited as the surfactant, hydroxypropyl cellulose or dextran as the thickening agent and 2-pyrrolidone or glycerin ester as the absorption promoter. The amounts of the surfactant, the thickening agent or and the absorption promoter added are 0.1-10wt.% based on dopamine.
Whereas subthalamic nucleus (STN) stimulation is considered an established treatment for motor symptoms in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD), its behavioral and psychiatric effects are strongly debated, with some studies showing a worsening or new onset of behavioral and psychiatric issues after STN stimulation and other showing an improvement. However, these data are based mainly on case reports and retrospective series.

Recently, the investigators group has conducted a prospective study assessing behavior and psychiatric symptoms in patients undergoing STN stimulation up to one year after surgery. After subthalamic stimulation non-motor fluctuations improved and pathologic hyperdopaminergic syndrome, i.e. behavioral addictions (including pathological gambling, hypersexuality, binge eating, compulsive shopping, ...), compulsive use of dopaminergic treatment and dopaminergic dysregulation syndrome (defined as the association of one or more behavioral addictions to compulsive use of dopaminergic treatment), disappeared. These findings represent a milestone because, if confirmed, the indications of STN stimulation might be extended beyond motor complications. To date, there are several long-term studies on motor and cognitive effects of STN stimulation, whereas no long-term longitudinal data on neuropsychiatric effects do exist. Therefore, the investigators designed a long-term prospective study, assessing over 3-8 years behavioral and psychiatric effect in the same cohort of patients included in the one-year study. This study will allow to better evaluate the change in non-motor fluctuations and of behavioral issues in the long-term with a standard management.
BACKGROUND: Asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) is a distinct and intricate respiratory condition that requires specific attention and management. The objective of this cohort study was to examine the epidemiological characteristics of ACO, explore the association between ACO and all-cause mortality, and investigate the potential mediating role of depressive symptoms in this association.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018 and National Death Index (NDI) 2019. A total of 22,745 participants were included: 705 with ACO, 2352 with asthma-only, 853 with COPD-only, and 18,835 without asthma or COPD. The non-ACO group (N = 22,040) referred to the individuals without ACO. Statistical tests were employed to assess differences in some characteristics between the ACO group and the other groups. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to evaluate the relationship between ACO and all-cause mortality, estimating hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals. Mediation analysis was conducted to investigate the potential mediating effects of depressive symptoms on the association of ACO with all-cause mortality.
RESULTS: The prevalence of ACO was 3.10% in our study population. Compared to the non-ACO participants, the ACO participants exhibited significantly different characteristics, including higher age, a lower family income-to-poverty ratio, a higher body mass index, higher rates of comorbidities i.e., hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, poorer dietary habits, and a higher rate of depressive disorders. Compared to the participants without ACO, the participants with ACO exhibited a significant increase in all-cause mortality (HR = 1.908, 95%CI 1.578-1.307, p < 0.001). The proportions mediated by depressive symptoms for ACO -associated all-cause mortality were 8.13% (CI: 4.22%-14.00%, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed a strong relationship between ACO and all-cause mortality and uncovered a potential psychological mechanism underlying this relationship. Our study indicates the possible necessity of offering comprehensive care to ACO patients, encompassing early detection, lifestyle guidance, and mental health support. Nevertheless, due to the limitations in the study design and the dataset, the results should be interpreted with caution.
Patients were randomized to this arm will receive a bolus of N-acetylcysteine in an hour of 150 mg/kg after the beginning of the operation. After the bolus will start a 6-hour infusion of 50mg/kg/h of N-acetylcysteine.
Prism adaptation (PA) is both a visuomotor learning task and potential treatment for spatial neglect after stroke. While PA's aftereffects can improve neglect symptoms, therapeutic benefits vary across individuals, possibly due to differences in neglect subtypes. Neglect symptoms can be described along an information processing pathway, yielding perceptual (input) and premotor (output) neglect subtypes. There is some evidence that PA mainly benefits persons with premotor neglect. We investigated whether PA modulates the premotor stage of information processing by examining whether PA could induce a premotor bias in healthy adults. We measured perceptual and premotor biases using a speeded reach task that compares the initiation time of leftward and rightward reaches to lateralized targets from different hand start positions. Using a randomized mixed experimental design, 30 right-handed healthy adults completed this speeded reach task before and after either left-shifting (n = 15) or right-shifting (n = 15) PA. As hypothesized, left-shifting PA speeded initiation time specifically for reaches in the rightward direction, regardless of target location (p = .02, ηp2 = .18), suggesting that PA induced a premotor bias in the direction of the prism aftereffect. These findings have implications for PA's underlying mechanisms, which can inform visuomotor learning theories and PA's use as a treatment for spatial neglect.
A process produces DNA corresponding to that of the DNA of the virus of B hepatitis. It comprises cloning in bacteria the latter DNA, previously repaired by means of the corresponding precursor nucleotides in the presence of a polymerase. Vectors contain the cloned DNA in their genomes. The cloned DNA is useful as a probe for detecting the presence of the virus of B hepatitis in biological samples, particularly blood or plasma. Its expression in bacteria provides a hybrid protein containing a protein fragment having vaccinating properties against hepatitis B. Nucleic acid of reduced size and a vector containing the nucleotide sequence of which DNA codes an immunogenic peptide sequence capable of inducing the generation of antibodies to the virus of viral hepatitis B. It comprises totally or partly the sequence of nucleotides represented in FIG. 9A. Application to the production by cloning in a bacterium of an immunogenic protein immunizing against hepatitis B, or application to the obtention of probes for the diagnosis of the presence of Dane particles in the serum.
The Lidcombe Program (LP) is an operant program that directly provides verbal feedback to the child's stutter-free speech (mainly) and the child's stuttering (occasionally). The program comprises two stages: Stage 1 in which (near) zero levels of stuttering are achieved and Stage 2 in which the achieved (near) zero levels of stuttering are maintained for a long period of time. The LP usually takes between 11 to 23 (60-minute) treatment sessions to achieve the goals of Stage 1, i. e. (near) zero levels of stuttering.
Self-fixing semi-permeable porous artificial scab designed for protecting eroded or damaged surfaces. The invention applies to any living entity (including plants). The polymerized web of the scab is formed upon application to the damaged surface by a reaction catalysed by the action of enzymes released by the lysed cells. The growth of new, normal cells that can breathe freely without drying out is promoted under this protective surface. The loss of water, proteins and electrolytes is avoided, protection against infections is afforded and the use of gauzes or dressings that damage new skin when removed is replaced. The red aqueous mixture applied by brushing or spraying, which has thixotropic characteristics, was obtained by the physicochemical interaction in the container of the following compounds: azosulfamide of between 1 and 5g% + gentian violet of between 0.004 and 0.007 g% + dexamethasone of between 0.001 and 0.003 g% + panthenol of between 0.5 and 2g% + gentamicin of between 0.03 and 0.06g%.
PURPOSE:To provide an agent for suppressing microorganisms in mouth composed of hot-water extract of tea leave, having growth suppressing action against oral bacteria, effective in preventing dental caries and having high safety and to provide a gargle containing said suppressing agent. CONSTITUTION:Tea leaves such as green tea, oolong tea, black tea or pooal tea are extracted with hot water at >=60 deg.C, preferably with boiling water. The extraction is preferably carried out in an inert gas atmosphere such as argon or nitrogen to prevent the oxidation of the tea leaf component. The extracted liquid may be used as it is or in the form of powdery aqueous extract produced by freeze-drying. The gargle solution contains the suppressing agent in an amount of 0.01-2W/V% in terms of the weight of the freeze-dried material. If necessary, the solution is added with a flavor, a refreshing agent, etc. The suppressing agent exhibits excellent effect against the bacteria of dental caries represented by Streptococcus pyogenes.
Arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is one of the most often performed orthopedic surgeries . Restoration of normal anatomy after ACL reconstruction is related to achieve better function and a satisfactory long-term outcomes. The principles for anatomical ACL reconstruction are to functionally reestablish the ACL to its native dimensions, collagen orientation and insertion sites . The basis for the completion of these principles lies in the correct identification of the insertion sites. The conventional 2-portal technique uses the anterolateral portal as the viewing portal and the anteromedial portal as the working portal. the 3-portal technique allows interchangeable use of the portals as a viewing and working portals depending on the specific task that is being performed. The internal joint anatomy, as soft tissue remnants and bony landmarks, should guide the placement of the portals in ACL anatomical reconstruction and that each of the portals has a specific role during ACL anatomical reconstruction . So does the improved visualization through 3-portal technique compared to 2-portal technique have an impact on femoral tunnel position ?
Objective and background: Pain, edema, and trismus are common problems after tooth extraction. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is frequently used as an adjunctive method to reduce these problems. However, there is no consensus in the literature regarding the type, power, session duration, and application frequency of the laser for this treatment method. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of a single-session application of dual-wavelength PBMT (using a 904 nm GaAlAs infrared laser and a 650 nm red laser) on pain, edema, trismus, and the quality of life of patients following impacted mandibular third molar extraction.

Methods: The study included patients whose impacted mandibular third molars were to be extracted for prophylactic purposes. The patients were divided into two groups as the PBMT group and the placebo control group. Pain, swelling, maximum mouth opening, and quality of life parameters of the patients were evaluated.
The research plan is to investigate how acute physical therapy can play a big role in lowering 30-day hospital readmission in patients discharged with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Several factors will be used to investigate and predict 30-day hospital readmission. Such factors are (1) functional mobility; 2) psychosocial attributes; (3) number of follow ups with providers; (4) adherence to home exercise program; (5) and participation in a supervised exercise program. Functional mobility will be measured by four different functional outcome measurements such as 5 meter walk test (5mWT), 30 seconds sit to stand test (30STS), six minute walk test (6MWT), and time up and go test (TUG). The psychosocial attributes will be measured by three different, pen and paper, self-survey questionnaires namely Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12 (KCCQ12), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), ENRICHD Social Support Instrument (ESSI). Moreover, once the patient returns home, two phone surveys will be conducted (every two weeks) for a period of 30 days of hospital discharge as a follow up.

For the outcome measurements, the 5mWT is a simple test to measure individual's gait (walking) speed. The 30STS is a simple and easy test to complete in assessing functional lower extremity strength. The 30STS asks individual to stand up (assuming erect posture as much as possible with or without hands support) as many as possible from a regular chair with arm rest within 30 seconds timeframe. The 6MWT is simple and practical test is to measure aerobic capacity by measuring distance of an individual's ability to walk for 6 minutes. The TUG is to measure the time in seconds for a person to rise from sitting from a standard arm chair, rise, walk 10 feet, walk back to the previous arm chair, and sit down. The objective of the TUG test is to classify patient's fall risk. In addition, the functional mobility, basing on the functional outcome measures conducted, will be further assessed at the end of physical therapy service at the hospital by using Global Rating of Scale (GROC). The GROC is a self-survey using 5 point Likert scale, measuring how patient perceives the overall degree of change of improvement or perhaps a lack of improvement.

For the Psychosocial Measures, the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ)-12 is a shorter version of the original KCCQ tool. The objective of this test is to quantify self-measurement of physical function, symptoms, social function, self-efficacy and knowledge, and quality of life as it relates to their own heart failure diagnosis. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a self-reported questionnaire designed to measure the levels of anxiety and depression that an individual is experiencing. The objective of this tool is to serve as a screening tool to identify individuals who may suffer from anxiety and depression. The ENRICHD Social Support Instrument (ESSI) is a seven-item self-report survey that assesses patient's belief of their social support attributes (emotional, instrumental, informational, and appraisal).