anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Naltrexone blocks the effects of opioid (morphine-like) drugs by competitive binding at the opioid receptors in the brain. Naltrexone does not possess morphine-like properties and exhibits minimal pharmacologic activity. Naltrexone is marketed as an oral tablet. A wide range of oral bioavailability values have been reported for naltrexone. The wide range in oral bioavailability of naltrexone appears to be due to differences in assay specificity and the method of estimation of bioavailability (use of total drug, free drug, or urinary excretion data rather than plasma level). This was a single-center, randomized (study drug assigned by chance), open-label, 2-treatment, 2-period crossover study in healthy volunteers. Healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment sequences (AB or BA) with a washout period of 6 to 14 days between treatments. The washout period commenced the day of dosing, after drug administration. Blood samples for determination of blood naltrexone levels were collected at scheduled time points from the arm opposite to the 1 selected for naltrexone i.v. administration. Pulse, blood pressure, breathing rate, body temperature were measured at the times listed in the study schema. Healthy volunteers remained at the research facility for blood sample collection periods and were monitored for adverse events throughout the treatment periods.

Treatment A: 1 mg naltrexone HCl administered i.v. over 15 minutes (naltrexone i.v.). Treatment B: 50 mg naltrexone HCl administered orally (naltrexone oral).
The incentive structure emphasizes engaging with the Quitline Delivered Treatment, with an additional smaller payment for tobacco cessation. Each adolescent can receive compensation for enrolling in the Quitline, for maintaining involvement in the Quitline program (per call for up to 5 calls), and, for those reporting abstinence, for submitting the cotinine swab and for confirmed quitting (negative salivary cotinine). Study procedures, payments and reminders are managed through the Way to Health (WTH) platform.
Safety and effectiveness of INVEGA SUSTENNA in patients < 18 years of age have not been established.

Juvenile Animal Studies

In a study in which juvenile rats were treated with oral paliperidone from days 24 to 73 of age, a reversible impairment of performance in a test of learning and memory was seen, in females only, with a no-effect dose of 0.63 mg/kg/day, which produced plasma levels (AUC) of paliperidone similar to those in adolescents dosed at 12 mg/day. No other consistent effects on neurobehavioral or reproductive development were seen up to the highest dose tested (2.5 mg/kg/day), which produced plasma levels of paliperidone 2–3 times those in adolescents.

Juvenile dogs were treated for 40 weeks with oral risperidone, which is extensively metabolized to paliperidone in animals and humans, at doses of 0.31, 1.25, or 5 mg/kg/day. Decreased bone length and density were seen with a no-effect dose of 0.31 mg/kg/day, which produced plasma levels (AUC) of risperidone plus paliperidone which were similar to those in children and adolescents receiving the MRHD of risperidone. In addition, a delay in sexual maturation was seen at all doses in both males and females. The above effects showed little or no reversibility in females after a 12-week drug-free recovery period.

The long-term effects of INVEGA SUSTENNA on growth and sexual maturation have not been fully evaluated in children and adolescents.
In controlled clinical trials, YMDD-mutant HBV was detected in subjects with on– lamivudine tablets (HBV) re-appearance of HBV DNA after an initial decline below the assay limit [see Microbiology (12.4)]. Subjects treated with lamivudine tablets (HBV) (adults and children) with YMDD-mutant HBV at 52 weeks showed diminished treatment responses in comparison with subjects treated with lamivudine tablets (HBV) without evidence of YMDD substitutions, including the following: lower rates of HBeAg seroconversion and HBeAg loss (no greater than placebo recipients), more frequent return of positive HBV DNA, and more frequent ALT elevations. In the controlled trials, when subjects developed YMDD-mutant HBV, they had a rise in HBV DNA and ALT from their previous on-treatment levels. Progression of hepatitis B, including death, has been reported in some subjects with YMDD-mutant HBV, including subjects from the liver transplant setting and from other clinical trials. In order to reduce the risk of resistance in patients receiving monotherapy with lamivudine tablets (HBV), a switch to an alternative regimen should be considered if serum HBV DNA remains detectable after 24 weeks of treatment. Optimal therapy should be guided by resistance testing.
Bronchiectasis is understood to be the result of a complex interaction between infection, impaired mucociliary clearance, inflammation, and lung damage. Current therapeutic approaches to bronchiectasis are heavily focused on management of infection along with enhancing mucus clearance. Long-term antibiotics have had limited success in clinical trials, suggesting a need to re-evaluate the concept of bronchiectasis as an infective disorder. We invoke the example of asthma, for which treatment paradigms shifted away from targeting smooth muscle constriction, towards permanently suppressing airway inflammation, reducing risk and ultimately inducing remission with precision anti-inflammatory treatments. In this Review, we argue that bronchiectasis is primarily a chronic inflammatory disease, requiring early identification of at-risk individuals, and we introduce a novel concept of disease activity with important implications for clinical practice and future research. A new generation of novel anti-inflammatory treatments are under development and repurposing of anti-inflammatory agents from other diseases could revolutionise patient care.
BACKGROUND: Mechanical assist device indications have changed in recent years. Reduced incidence of complications, better survival, and the third generation of mechanical support devices contributed to this change. In this single-center study, we focused on two time periods that are characterized by the use of different types of mechanical support devices, different patient characteristics, and change in the indications.
METHODS: The data were processed from the European Registry for Patients with Mechanical Circulatory Support (EUROMACS). We retrospectively defined two time intervals to reflect changes in ventricular assist device technology (period 1: 2007-2015; period 2: 2016-20222). A total of 181 patients underwent left ventricular assist device implantation. Device utilization was the following: HeartMate II = 52 (76.4%) and HeartWare = 16 (23.6%) in period 1 and HeartMate II = 2 (1.8%), HeartMate 3 = 70 (61:9%), HeartWare = 29 (25.7%), SynCardia TAH = 10 (8.8%), and BerlinHeart EXCOR = 2 (1.8%) in period 2. The outcomes of the time intervals were analyzed and evaluated.
RESULTS: Survival was significantly higher during the second time period. Multivariate analysis revealed that age and bypass pump time are independent predictors of mortality. Idiopathic cardiomyopathy, bypass time, and the Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) score are independent predictors of adverse events. Furthermore, the first period was noted to be at an increased risk of the following adverse events: pump thrombosis, gastrointestinal bleeding, and bleeding events.
CONCLUSION: Despite the higher risk profile of the patients and persistent challenges, during the second period, there was a significant decrease in mortality and morbidity. The use of the HeartMate 3 device may have contributed to this result.
Radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection and urinary reconstruction is a major surgical procedure performed for bladder cancer. The literature reports an incidence of 50-88% and 30-42% for any grade complications (Clavier-Dindo grade I-IV) and severe complications (Clavier-Dindo grade ≥III), respectively. Nutritional status prior to radical cystectomy has been shown to be a strong predictor of 90-day mortality. The term "immunonutrition" refers to the oral or enteral administration of specific substrates such as omega-3 fatty acids, arginine, and nucleotides. These substrates have been shown to upregulate the host immune response, modulate inflammatory responses and improve protein synthesis after surgery, with a favorable impact on postoperative infection rates and length of hospital stay in major abdominal surgery. Data on patients undergoing radical cystectomy are scarce, mainly due to the small sample size of the studies. However, the available evidence suggests a potential beneficial effect of this nutritional intervention in patients undergoing radical cystectomy. Several aspects remain largely unclear, including the dosage and timing of immunonutrition and the impact of preoperative malnutrition risk on the efficacy of immunonutrition. This study will evaluate the effect of 7 days of preoperative immunonutrition on postoperative complications compared to patients receiving standard high-calorie, high-protein oral nutritional supplements.
Patients had 10ml venous blood drawn. Injection was performed under ultrasound guidance by one of two musculoskeletal radiologists. The blood sample was kept for a similar time delay for centrifugation prior to injection, and was then discarded. 1ml of 40-mg/ml triamcinolone was suspended in 2ml of 0.5% bupivicaine. Injection was performed through a lateral subacromial approach after needle fenestration of the supraspinatus tendon under ultrasound visualization. CS was infiltrated into the subacromial bursa and not the tendon itself.
The investigators plan to conduct an RCT comparing participants in the new EARN program against wait-listed control subjects. The program provides low-wage workers with incentives and rewards for savings. The program involves a web-based platform that permits eligible savers to create a centralized savings account, which is a secure online account without fees. The account offers eligible savers small monetary rewards for dollars saved each month. The investigators plan to conduct a baseline online month 0 survey and a follow-up 6 month and 12 month online survey among participants and wait-listed nonparticipants, with telephone follow-up to maximize 6- and 12-month survey completion. The surveys consist of previously-validated instruments to assess key health behaviors self-reported well-being, and require approximately 20 minutes each. The surveys includes the CDC Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System scales for assessing demographics and income, overall self-rated health, tobacco and alcohol use, depression and anxiety symptoms, and optimism and locus of control. Participants will receive prorated a gift card for each survey, to compensate participants for their time while avoiding a direct income effect of a cash incentive for participation.
Treatment with guanfacine extended-release tablets can cause dose-dependent decreases in blood pressure and heart rate. Decreases were less pronounced over time of treatment. Orthostatic hypotension and syncope have been reported [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

Measure heart rate and blood pressure prior to initiation of therapy, following dose increases, and periodically while on therapy. Titrate guanfacine slowly in patients with a history of hypotension, and those with underlying conditions that may be worsened by hypotension and bradycardia; e.g., heart block, bradycardia, cardiovascular disease, vascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, or chronic renal failure. In patients who have a history of syncope or may have a condition that predisposes them to syncope, such as hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, bradycardia, or dehydration, advise patients to avoid becoming dehydrated or overheated. Monitor blood pressure and heart rate, and adjust dosages accordingly in patients treated concomitantly with antihypertensives or other drugs that can reduce blood pressure or heart rate or increase the risk of syncope.
The incidence of community-associated (CA) staphylococcal infections, especially those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), has increased dramatically in recent years. Although the majority of these infections are limited to the skin and soft tissue and thus not life threatening, the number of invasive cases in otherwise healthy individuals is increasing and some are fatal. As a first step toward understanding pathogenesis, there has been significant focus on elucidating the key CA-MRSA virulence factors. The relative significance of these factors is still being delineated. By comparison, there has been little focus on host factors associated with these invasive infections. In this protocol, we will recruit 100 otherwise healthy subjects with invasive staphylococcal infection, 50 otherwise healthy subjects with recurrent staphylococcal infections, and obtain samples from 150 unidentified healthy controls from the blood bank to investigate host immunologic factors predisposing people to staphylococcal infection. Subjects will receive standard of care treatment for acute or recurrent staphylococcal infections. The primary objective of this research is to identify host genetic factors that contribute to susceptibility or severity of community acquired staphylococcal diseases. We will use three experimental approaches to complete this objective: 1) expression microarray analyses of study population s (subjects and controls) white cells (neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells) at rest and stimulated with staphylococci, 2) evaluation of toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways in the study population s cells, and 3) evaluation of Th17 cells. The proposed research will address a key area of staphylococcal pathogenesis for which there is a striking lack of information. We fully anticipate that the research also will provide critical new information directly relevant to vaccine, diagnostics, and therapeutics development.
A 42-year-old woman underwent a total colonoscopy due to haematochezia and weight loss. A rectal lateral spreading lesion with 2 5mm in diameter was identified and biopsies revealed villous adenoma with high-grade dysplasia. After referral to our centre, sigmoidoscopy confirmed the presence of a 25 mm lesion (NICE 3) with non-lifting sign and EUS showed a hypoechoic lesion with at least submucosal invasion and suspicious images of muscularis propria invasion - uT1/2N0. New biopsies shown the presence of adenocarcinoma. The patient was submitted to surgical anterior resection of the rectum. Intraoperative extemporaneous examination of the specimen did not identify the lesion and an intraoperative colonoscopy was performed not showing any lesion in the rectal stump. Pathological examination, after total inclusion of the specimen, showed a 7mm scar with fibrosis of the submucosa, chronic inflammatory infiltrate, vascular ectasia and congestion and mucosal erosion, without identification of residual neoplasia.To date (20 months of follow-up) there is no evidence of disease persistence or recurrence with a sigmoidoscopy performed 3 months after surgery.
Our previous studies have demonstrated sex differences in both the reinforcing properties of (Temple JL, Briatico LN, Clark EN, Dewey AM, 2009) and physiological responses to (Temple JL, Dewey AM, Briatico LN, 2010) caffeine. This is consistent with the literature on other types of drugs showing that men and women often differ in both drug self administration (Lynch WJ,2008 ) and drug sensitivity (Temple, JL, et al, 2008). These differences have been attributed, at least in part, to differences in gonadal hormones (Lynch WJ, 2008) ,Dreher JC et al, 2007). Our laboratory conducted a study investigating subjective effects of caffeine in post-pubertal adolescents and found that boys reported greater drug effects and liking of drug effects than did females (Temple JL, Dewey AM, Briatico LN, 2010, Temple JL, Ziegler AM,2011). In addition, the differences in feeling of the drug effects were related to salivary estradiol levels in females, but not in males, suggesting that steroid hormones can mediate the subjective effects of caffeine. When taken together, these data suggest that there are gender differences in acute and chronic effects of caffeine and that these differences may be mediated by differences in circulating steroid hormones. Previous studies have shown that subjective responses to caffeine vary across the menstrual cycle (Terner JM, de Wit H, 2006), with the greatest subjective effects occurring during the follicular phase, when estradiol levels begin to rise and peak just prior to the ovulatory LH surge. To date, no well-controlled studies have been conducted in humans examining the relationship between steroid hormones and caffeine effects on cognition, which the investigators will address in this study.
Participants will receive stationary 1:1 interaction time with the same research personnel who conduct the third group walking session at each individual care facility in order to control for the interpersonal interaction likely to be involved in the walking program. This group will receive the equivalent interpersonal interaction time with research personnel as those participating in the walking group. This interaction time will occur with the participant stationary, rather than walking with the researcher.
Heavy metals are chemical elements with unique properties that are toxic even in low concentrations and affect human health with different functions. Agricultural and industrial activities, improper disposal of household solid waste and residues related to industrial producers, discharge of household wastewater and agricultural fertilizers are the most important ways in which toxic heavy metals enter the environment, which harms human health and life. A narrative review of the literature was done from 2000 to 2022 based on searched databases included Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer, Web of Science, and Science Direct (Scopus). All relevant studies published 2000 until 2022 gathered. According to the databases, 820 articles were retrieved. 186 and 50 articles were found and selected based on records identified through database searching and additional records identified through other sources. In the next stage, 97 studies were screened after review and 64 full-text articles entered into the analysis process. Finally, 45 articles were selected in this study. Adverse effects of heavy metals on various conditions in the body depend on a number of factors, including dose, route of exposure and chemical species, as well as age, sex, genetics, nutritional status, and duration of exposure to the heavy metal. The existence of significant relationships between long-term and short-term exposure to toxic heavy metals and their adverse effects, including carcinogenicity, has been extensively studied and proven through numerous experiments. However, the mechanisms associated with this complication have not been properly identified, so in future research, there is a great need for comprehensive studies on the carcinogenicity of heavy metals.
Systems and methods for tagging packets in a wireless network are described. The methods can comprise detecting initial entry of subscriber equipment into a wireless network at a first base station and generating a network tag for the subscriber equipment, the network tag associating the subscriber equipment with the first base station. The tag can be distributed to other base stations and, upon reentry of the subscriber equipment to the network, a network connection can be configured for the subscriber equipment based on the tag. Detecting initial entry includes receiving a network entry packet a including a unique identifier associated with the subscriber equipment. The network connection can be configured by providing an IP address assigned to the subscriber equipment and the IP address may be distributed through a relay agent instantiated for the network connection. The network tag can be an IEEE 802. Iq tags, MPLS tags, etc.
PURPOSE: An APPL1(Adaptor protein, Phosphotyrosine interaction, PH domain and Leucine zipper containing 1) inhibitor is provided to reduce EGFR(epidermal growth factor receptor) expression and to treat cancer caused by EFGR overexpression. CONSTITUTION: A composition for preventing and treating cancer contains a material which suppresses expression or activation of APPL1. The material is siRNA(small interfering RNA), shRNA(short hairpin RNA) or antisense nucleic acid. The siRNA has a sequence of sequence number 1 or 2. The material which suppresses APPL1 activation is an antibody to BAR domain or PH domain. A method for screening a therapeutic agent for cancer comprises: a step 1 of checking binding amount of APPL1 and EGFR in cells of a patient with cancer; a step 2 of treating with a candidate; a step 3 of confirming the binding amount; and a step 4 of comparing the expression level of steps 1 and 3.
Cancer metastasis is the leading cause of death for those afflicted with cancer. In cancer metastasis, the cancer cells break off from the primary tumor, penetrate nearby blood vessels, and attach and extravasate out of the vessels to form secondary tumors at distant organs. This makes extravasation a critical step of the metastatic cascade. Herein, with a focus on triple-negative breast cancer, the role that the prospective secondary tumor microenvironment's mechanical properties play in circulating tumor cells' extravasation is reviewed. Specifically, the effects of the physically regulated vascular endothelial glycocalyx barrier element, vascular flow factors, and subendothelial extracellular matrix mechanical properties on cancer cell extravasation are examined. The ultimate goal of this review is to clarify the physical mechanisms that drive triple-negative breast cancer extravasation, as these mechanisms may be potential new targets for anti-metastasis therapy.
PCT No. PCT/AT86/00002 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 2, 1986 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 2, 1986 PCT Filed Jan. 13, 1986 PCT Pub. No. WO86/03974 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 17, 1986.Polydisperse native Pseudomonas flagellar (H) antigens (FAg) and methods of producing them are described, wherein each monomeric component contains certain amino acids, has a certain N-terminal amino acid sequence and a certain molecular weight and is free from pyrogenic substances. The ratio of the individual amino acids in the flagellar antigen of the individual H-serotypes is stated. For producing the polydisperse native Pseudomonas flagellar (H) antigens (FAg) methods are indicated, wherein Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial cultures or fractions thereof are treated with a detergent and the flagellar antigens are separated from the cultures. Prior to treatment or in the presence of the detergent, the bacterial culture is subjected to a shearing procedure, i.e. exposed to shearing forces. Thereafter, the flagellar antigens separated from the bacterial mass are isolated by a chromatographic treatment. For this chromatographic treatment a molecular sieve can be used and a further purification by chromatography on a column can be carried out for obtaining flagellar antigens of high purity.