anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The clinical management of metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) is undergoing a major paradigm shift; the integration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) into the mUC therapeutic strategy has succeeded in improving platinum-based chemotherapy outcomes. Given the expanding therapeutic armamentarium, it is crucial to identify efficacy-predictive biomarkers that can guide an individual patient's therapeutic strategy. We reviewed the literature data on mUC genomic alterations of clinical interest, discussing their prognostic and predictive role. In particular, we explored the role of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family, epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) axis, DNA repair genes, and microsatellite instability. Currently, based on the available clinical data, FGFR inhibitors and HER2-directed ADCs are effective therapeutic options for later lines of biomarker-driven mUC. However, emerging genomic data highlight the opportunity for earlier use and/or combination with other drugs of both FGFR inhibitors and HER2-directed ADCs and also reveal additional potential drug targets that could change mUC management.
BACKGROUND: Among the safest procedures for anastomosis in pancreaticoduodenectomy, Blumgart pancreaticojejunostomy is associated with low rates of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) and postoperative complications. However, this technique is difficult to perform during laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD). This study presents a modified Blumgart method using a homemade crochet needle to facilitate laparoscopic pancreaticojejunostomy and evaluates its safety and reliability.
METHODS: From February 2019 to October 2022, 96 LPD surgeries with the new technique were performed by the same surgeons in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The operative details (operative time, pancreaticojejunostomy time, POPF rate, postoperative complication rate, mortality rate) were analyzed along with clinical and pathological indicators (pancreatic duct diameter, pancreatic texture, and histopathological findings).
RESULTS: There were 54 men and 42 women with a mean age of 63.38 ± 10.41 years. The intraoperative bleeding volume, operative time and postoperative length of hospital stay were 198.43 ± 132.97 mL, 445.30 ± 87.05 min and 13.68 ± 4.02 days, respectively. The operation time of pancreaticojejunostomy was 66.28 ± 10.17 min. Clinically relevant POPFs (grades B and C) occurred in 14.6% of patients. Only one patient had postoperative abdominal hemorrhage and was cured after reoperation. There were no operative or in-hospital deaths. With our proposed modification, the pancreatic duct and jejunal orifice are aligned correctly during duct-to-mucosa (DTM) after the application of external traction through the homemade crochet needle. The space between the posterior wall of pancreatic remnant and jejunal loop can be exposed by adjusting the tension of the external threads, which can facilitate DTM.
CONCLUSIONS: A modified Blumgart method using a homemade crochet needle could be technically feasible and safe during LPD. A randomized control trial is needed to confirm these findings.
Best practices standard care delivery for post-CVD hospitalization as regularly implemented at the RHJ VAMC. Standard care may include all or some of the following: post-operative follow up, referral to VA primary care clinic at 1 month post-procedure, primary care visit with VA mandated assessments of pain and depression with referral for these conditions, referral to facility-based or home-based cardiac rehabilitation program as appropriate. All participants in this condition will be referred to mental health care. In addition, these participants will receive a weekly telephone call from project staff during which time supportive questioning about patient progress and general mood and recovery.
The invention relates to methods for increasing immunogenicity of an antigenic peptide by means of its covalent coupling to a modulin derived peptide (PSM, phenol soluble modulin). In particular, the binding of PSM.alpha., PSM.gamma. and PSM.delta.  peptides to an antigen (from a pathogen or a tumor associated protein) increases the capacity of the antigen to activate an immune response in vivo. Thus, the PSM.alpha., PSM.gamma. and PSM.delta. peptides bound to these antigens may be used in the development of vaccines for preventing or treating infectious diseases or cancer
An orogastric tube will be placed in the stomach (placement verified by routine accepted clinical guidelines) under anesthesia as is part of standard routine clinical care to remove gastric contents. The same orogastric tube will be used for intragastric liquid oxycodone administration in a dose of 0.1 mg/kg before the surgical incision. This weight-adjusted dose of 0.1 mg/kg is administered as per standard clinical dosing guidelines at Boston Children's Hospital.
The NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key transcriptional regulator of antioxidant defense and detoxification. To directly monitor stabilization of Nrf2 we fused its Neh2 domain, responsible for the interaction with its nucleocytoplasmic regulator, Keap1, to firefly luciferase (Neh2-luciferase). It is shown herein that Neh2 domain is sufficient for recognition, ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of Neh2-luciferase fusion protein. The novel Neh2-luc reporter system allows direct monitoring of the adaptive response to redox stress and classification of drugs based on the time-course of reporter activation. The novel reporter was used to screen a library of compounds to identify activators of Nrf2. The most robust and yet non toxic Nrf2 activators found—nordihydroguaiaretic acid, fisetin, and gedunin-induced astrocyte-dependent neuroprotection from oxidative stress via an Nrf2-dependent mechanism.
INTRODUCTION: Conservative treatments such as physical therapies are usually the most indicated for the management of musculoskeletal pain; therefore, a detailed description of interventions enables the reproducibility of interventions in clinical practice and future research. The objective of this study is to evaluate the description of physical interventions for musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents.
METHODS: We considered randomized controlled trials that included children and adolescents between 4 and 19 years old with acute or chronic/persistent musculoskeletal pain. We included physical therapies related to all types of physical modalities aimed at reducing the intensity of pain or disability in children and adolescents with musculoskeletal pain. The description of interventions was assessed using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist. We performed electronic searches in the following databases: CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsyINFO and PEDro up to April 2024. The description of physical interventions was presented using frequencies, percentages and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the TIDieR checklist items described in each study. We also calculated the total TIDieR score for each study and presented these data as mean and standard deviation.
RESULTS: We included 17 randomized controlled trials. The description measured through the TIDieR checklist scored an average of 11 (5.2) points out of 24. The item of the TIDieR that was most described was item 1 (brief name) and most absent was item 10 (modifications).
CONCLUSION: The descriptions of physical interventions for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents are partially described, indicating the need for strategies to improve the quality of description to enable true clinical reproducibility.
Cyclosporine, the active ingredient of cyclosporine capsules, (modified), can cause nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. The risk increases with increasing doses of cyclosporine. Renal dysfunction including structural kidney damage is a potential consequence of cyclosporine capsules (modified) and therefore renal function must be monitored during therapy. Care should be taken in using cyclosporine with nephrotoxic drugs (see PRECAUTIONS).

Patients receiving cyclosporine capsules (modified) require frequent monitoring of serum creatinine (see Special Monitoring under DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION). Elderly patients should be monitored with particular care, since decreases in renal function also occur with age. If patients are not properly monitored and doses are not properly adjusted, cyclosporine therapy can be associated with the occurrence of structural kidney damage and persistent renal dysfunction. 

An increase in serum creatinine and BUN may occur during cyclosporine capsules (modified) therapy and reflect a reduction in the glomerular filtration rate. Impaired renal function at any time requires close monitoring, and frequent dosage adjustment may be indicated. The frequency and severity of serum creatinine elevations increase with dose and duration of cyclosporine therapy. These elevations are likely to become more pronounced without dose reduction or discontinuation. 

Because cyclosporine capsules (modified) is not bioequivalent to Sandimmune, conversion from cyclosporine capsules (modified) to Sandimmune using a 1:1 ratio (mg/kg/day) may result in lower cyclosporine blood concentrations. Conversion from cyclosporine capsules (modified) to Sandimmune should be made with increased monitoring to avoid the potential of underdosing.
Comfilcon A with Digital Zone Optics™ contact lenses worn first, followed by comfilcon A contact lenses. Each product will be worn bilaterally (in both eyes) for 7 days in a daily wear modality.
From the beginning of the AIDS epidemic, pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) has been distinguished as one of the most frequent opportunistic diseases with high morbid-mortality. As from 1996, the advent of the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has changed the characteristics of such epidemic by reducing its related diseases and, as a result, AIDS-related mortality. With the purpose to estimate PCP occurrence and HAART interference, 376 HIV-infected or AIDS patients were studied from January 1992 to December 2002. Among them, 58 (15.5%) PCP cases were found. There was a higher occurrence of PCP in the group of patients in which HAART was not used, with 40 (69.0%) of the episodes. As regards the studied period, a tendency to a linear reduction in annual PCP incidence was observed. The mean of T CD4+ lymphocytes in the patients with PCP (117 cells/mm3) was significantly lower when compared to that of the other individuals (325 cells/mm3). Therefore, this study suggests a temporal reduction in PCP occurrence related to HAART use with higher T CD4+ lymphocyte counts. Nevertheless, this opportunistic infection still shows significant incidence in AIDS patients.
Community health workers (CHWs) will facilitate peer group sessions with mothers of children aged 0-18 months at enrollment. CHWs will deliver key messages and facilitate problem-solving and skill-building activities to promote nutrition and parenting-related behavior change. The group sessions will last between 1.5-2 hours and groups will meet biweekly for a period of 12 months. Due to the COVID pandemic, group sessions were paused for three months (March-June 2020). The intervention resumed in July 2020 with delivery via home visits rather than peer groups, and concluded in September 2020.
Disease may be both a cause and a consequence of stress, and physiological responses to infectious disease may involve stress coping mechanisms that have important fitness consequences. For example, glucocorticoid and glycemic responses may affect host fitness by altering resource allocation and use in hosts, and these responses may be affected by competing stressors. To better understand the factors that affect host responses to infection, we challenged the immune system of field-acclimatized pygmy rattlesnakes, Sistrurus miliarius, with a sterile antigen, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and measured the glucocorticoid and glycemic response in healthy non-reproductive snakes, snakes afflicted with an emerging mycosis (ophidiomycosis) and pregnant snakes. We hypothesized that LPS challenge would result in a glucocorticoid and glycemic response typical of the vertebrate acute phase response (APR), and therefore predicted that LPS challenge would result in an acute increase in plasma corticosterone (CORT) and a decline in plasma glucose in all individuals. Additionally, we hypothesized that the APR would be attenuated in individuals simultaneously coping with additional challenges to homeostasis (i.e. disease or reproduction). As predicted, the immune challenge elicited an acute increase in plasma CORT and a decrease in plasma glucose. Snakes coping with ophidiomycosis and pregnant snakes were able to mount a robust glucocorticoid and hypoglycemic response to LPS challenge, which was contrary to our hypothesis. Our findings clarify directions of causality linking infection, glucocorticoids and glucose, and emphasize the importance of future research examining the fitness consequences of interactions between stress and disease in wildlife threatened by emerging pathogens.
Deficiencies in the ING4 tumor suppressor are associated with advanced stage tumors and poor patient survival in cancer. ING4 was shown to inhibit NF-kB in several cancers. As NF-kB is a key mediator of immune response, the ING4/NF-kB axis is likely to manifest in tumor-immune modulation but has not been investigated. To characterize the tumor immune microenvironment associated with ING4-deficient tumors, three approaches were employed in this study: First, tissue microarrays composed of 246 primary breast tumors including 97 ING4-deficient tumors were evaluated for the presence of selective immune markers, CD68, CD4, CD8, and PD-1, using immunohistochemical staining. Second, an immune-competent mouse model of ING4-deficient breast cancer was devised utilizing CRISPR-mediated deletion of Ing4 in a Tp53 deletion-derived mammary tumor cell line; mammary tumors were evaluated for immune markers using flow cytometry. Lastly, the METABRIC gene expression dataset was evaluated for patient survival related to the immune markers associated with Ing4-deleted tumors. The results showed that CD68, CD4, CD8, or PD-1, was not significantly associated with ING4-deficient breast tumors, indicating no enrichment of macrophages, T cells, or exhausted T cell types. In mice, Ing4-deleted mammary tumors had a growth rate comparable to Ing4-intact tumors but showed increased tumor penetrance and metastasis. Immune marker analyses of Ing4-deleted tumors revealed a significant increase in tumor-associated macrophages (Gr-1loCD11b+F4/80+) and a decrease in granzyme B-positive (GzmB+) CD4+ T cells, indicating a suppressive and/or less tumoricidal immune microenvironment. The METABRIC data analyses showed that low expression of GZMB was significantly associated with poor patient survival, as was ING4-low expression, in the basal subtype of breast cancer. Patients with GZMB-low/ING4-low tumors had the worst survival outcomes (HR = 2.80, 95% CI 1.36-5.75, p = 0.0004), supportive of the idea that the GZMB-low immune environment contributes to ING4-deficient tumor progression. Collectively, the study results demonstrate that ING4-deficient tumors harbor a microenvironment that contributes to immune evasion and metastasis.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether volumetric measurements on early cranial ultrasound (CUS) in high-grade germinal matrix hemorrhage-intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH-IVH) are associated with hydrocephalus and neurodevelopmental metrics.
METHODS: A retrospective case series analysis of infants with high-grade GMH-IVH admitted to the St. Louis Children's Hospital neonatal intensive care unit between 2007 and 2015 who underwent neurodevelopmental testing using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd Edition (Bayley-III) at 2 years of corrected age was performed. GMH volume, periventricular hemorrhagic infarction volume, and frontotemporal horn ratio were obtained from direct review of neonatal CUS studies. Univariate and multivariable regression models were used to evaluate the association between hemorrhage volumes and hydrocephalus requiring permanent CSF diversion with ventricular shunt or endoscopic third ventriculostomy with or without choroid plexus cauterization and composite Bayley-III cognitive, language, and motor scores.
RESULTS: Forty-three infants (29 males, mean gestational age 25 weeks) met the inclusion criteria. The mean age at time of the CUS with the largest hemorrhage volume or first diagnosis of highest grade was 6.2 days. Nineteen patients underwent treatment for hydrocephalus with permanent CSF diversion. In multivariable analyses, larger GMH volume was associated with worse estimated Bayley-III cognitive (left-sided GMH volume: p = 0.048, total GMH volume: p = 0.023) and motor (left-sided GMH volume: p = 0.010; total GMH volume: p = 0.014) scores. Larger periventricular hemorrhagic infarction volume was associated with worse estimated Bayley-III motor scores (each side p < 0.04). Larger left-sided (OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.10-5.88; p = 0.028) and total (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.01-1.79; p = 0.041) GMH volumes correlated with hydrocephalus. There was no relationship between early ventricular volume and hydrocephalus or neurodevelopmental outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Location-specific hemorrhage volume on early CUS may be prognostic for neurodevelopmental and hydrocephalus outcomes in high-grade GMH-IVH.
Phase 1, 3+3 design with inter-patient dose escalation from 1mg/kg/dose to 2mg/kg/dose, and possibility of a dose de-escalation of 0.5mg/kg/dose, A modification of 3+3 design is implemented to take into account the achievement of bone resorption blockade by Denosumab. CTX is a biologic marker of bone resorption. Provided a decrease of CTX blood level will be observed under the lower limit (2,5th percentile) for age and sex, or under 20% of the pre-treatment level, there will be no reason to continue escalating the dose. This modified 3+3 design prevents exposure of children to dose escalations that would not be needed regarding the medical and biological aims of this trial.
The tear meniscus is the thin concave strip of the tear film near the eyelid margins. During the acquisition the participants place their chins on a chin rest and look at a fixation light/target. This whole procedure should not take more than 5 minutes. The patients are allowed to blink freely except for during the acquisition time of less than 5 seconds. The procedure will be repeated for the upper and lower tear meniscus of both eyes.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject safe agent suppressing a carcinogenesis promoter activity, useful for preventing the carcinogenesis, and also having no adverse effect by containing a specific megastigmane glycoside. SOLUTION: This agent contains a megastigmane glycoside of the formula (R is H or OH; R1 is a monosaccharide or disaccharide), [concretely, roseoside, (6S,9R)-bomifoliol-9-O-β-D-apiofranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside, or the like.]. The above megastigmane glycoside is preferably originated from an edible plant such as a loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) and Alangium premnifolium, and is obtained e.g. by extracting the plant such as the leaves of the loquat, or the like, with an organic solvent such as ethanol. As to its dosage, in the case of e.g. oral administration, usually approximately 10-1,000 mg/kg body weight is administered daily over one to several times.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a therapeutic preparation which is an antagonist or partial agonist of human interleukin-4.  <P>SOLUTION: This therapeutic preparation is the antagonist or partial agonist of the human interleukin-4 or contains the antagonist or partial agonist, wherein the antagonist or partial agonist is a human mutant interleukin-4 protein. The selection of the therapeutic preparation is carried out in a standardized form by a genetic industrial method. A protein competing with the human mutant interleukin-4 in relation to the occupation of human mutant interleukin-4 receptor due to the resemblance to wild type human mutant interleukin-4 can be produced. The human mutant interleukin-4 protein, and the method for producing the same.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
The goal of this study is to investigate the impact of the rs35829419 SNP on the serum level of NLRP3, and to assess the relationship between NLRP3 and its SNP and vulnerability to Pityriasis versicolor. Pityriasis versicolor (PV) is one of the most frequent skin conditions linked to skin pigmentation changes. Malassezia plays a key role in the pathogenesis of PV. A case-control study, 50 patients with pityriasis versicolor and 44 healthy controls. Real-time PCR was used to genotype NLRP3 (rs35829419) and ELISA assay of NLRP3 levels in tissue samples. There was a significantly higher median NLPR3 levels in PV patients than controls. A significant predominance of A allele of Q 705 K was in patients than controls. The risk of having the disease in the presence of A allele is nearly 10 times than having C allele. In PV patients, there was a significant relationship between NLPR3 levels and Q 705 K genotypes with higher NLPR3 levels in AA genotype. A potential correlation between PV and the Q705K polymorphism, pointing to evidence of NLRP3 alteration in PV patients. The NLRP3 inflammasome may be an appropriate therapeutic target for Malassezia-associated skin disorders.
During Treatment Period 1, the IP was administered at 6 mg/kg, per oral (PO), twice a day (BID), once in the morning and 12 hours following the morning dose during the first 7 days of Treatment Period 1. Starting from the PM dose on Visit 3, the dose was escalated and patients received the Investigational Product (JBPOS0101) (IP) at a dose of 9 mg/kg orally BID. Starting on Day 15, the dose was escalated again and patients received the IP at a dose of 15 mg/kg orally BID until the end of Treatment Period 1 (Day 28). Each dose of the IP was administered after at least a 2-hour fast. Food was given 2 hours after dosing.
Patients with severe traumatic injury, admitted to the emergency unit. Serum cholinesterase activity measurement using 10 µl whole blood, otherwise obtained through routine blood gas analysis upon arrival to the hospital.
ULTRACET® should not be used in pregnant women prior to or during labor unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks. Safe use in pregnancy has not been established. Chronic use during pregnancy may lead to physical dependence and post-partum withdrawal symptoms in the newborn (see DRUG ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE). Tramadol has been shown to cross the placenta. The mean ratio of serum tramadol in the umbilical veins compared to maternal veins was 0.83 for 40 women given tramadol during labor.

The effect of ULTRACET®, if any, on the later growth, development, and functional maturation of the child is unknown.
Inflammation is one of exacerbating factors of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Upregulated CXCL5 is found in clinical and experimental diabetes studies. This study aimed to investigate the impact and mechanism of CXCL5 on DKD. DKD patients with different levels of urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio were enrolled. Leprdb/db mice and CXCL5-knockout diabetic mice were used as mouse models for DKD. Human renal tubular epithelial cells were used for in vitro experiments. Circulating CXCL5 were increased in DKD patients compared to the non-DKD subjects. CXCL5 inhibition through CXCL5-neutralizing antibodies or genetic knockout improved kidney function and ameliorated tubular injury and renal fibrosis. In high-glucose-stimulated tubular epithelial cells, administration of CXCL5-neutralizing antibodies or siRNA resulted in reduced phospho-JNK/c-JUN/p65 and the downstream inflammatory, fibrotic, and apoptotic protein expressions. Administration of CXCR2 and JNK inhibitors impeded the CXCL5-induced tubular epithelial cell damages. In conclusion, these findings indicated that anti-CXCL5 strategies may be potential treatments for DKD.