anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
There have been reports in the literature of patients treated with apomorphine hydrocloride subcutaneous injections who suddenly fell asleep without prior warning of sleepiness while engaged in activities of daily living. Somnolence is commonly associated with apomorphine hydrocloride, and it is reported that falling asleep while engaged in activities of daily living always occurs in a setting of pre-existing somnolence, even if patients do not give such a history. Somnolence was reported in 35% of patients treated with apomorphine hydrocloride and in none of the patients in the placebo group. Prescribers should reassess patients for drowsiness or sleepiness, especially since some of the events occur well after the start of treatment. Prescribers should also be aware that patients may not acknowledge drowsiness or sleepiness until directly questioned about drowsiness or sleepiness during specific activities. 

Before initiating treatment with apomorphine hydrocloride, advise patients of the risk of drowsiness and ask them about factors that could increase the risk with apomorphine hydrocloride, such as concomitant sedating medications and the presence of sleep disorders. If a patient develops significant daytime sleepiness or falls asleep during activities that require active participation (e.g., conversations, eating, etc.), apomorphine hydrocloride should ordinarily be discontinued. If a decision is made to continue apomorphine hydrocloride, patients should be advised not to drive and to avoid other potentially dangerous activities. There is insufficient information to determine whether dose reduction will eliminate episodes of falling asleep while engaged in activities of daily living.
Described herein are solutions for providing a support to clinical decisions using a trained nonlinear classifier. For this purpose, a computer obtains (1202) for a patient (P) respective values (300) of a plurality of clinical data (p). Next, the computer generates a training dataset (306). For this purpose, the computer estimates (1204), by means of the nonlinear classifier, a respective class of risk (v) for the values of the patient (P) and adds the values of the patient (P) and the respective estimated class of risk (v) to the training dataset (306). The computer moreover generates (1406) a plurality of modified datasets (304) by modifying the values of the patient (P), estimates (1408) by means of the nonlinear classifier a respective class of risk (v) for each modified dataset (304), and adds the values of each modified dataset (304) and the respective estimated class of risk (v) to the training dataset (306). 
     Next, the computer determines a class of risk (v) from among the estimated classes of risk (v) that indicates a lower risk and trains (1112) a linear classifier configured to estimate the class of risk (v) as a function of the values of the clinical data (p) using the training dataset (306). The computer then determines a separation plane (402) of the linear classifier that separates the class of risk (v) estimated for the patient (P) from the class of risk (v) that indicates a lower risk, and uses the separation plane (402) to calculate the minimum modification required (MP) to the values of the patient (P) to modify the estimated class of risk (v) into the class of risk (v) that indicates a lower risk. Finally, the computer can provide support to clinical decisions by displaying the modification (MP) to the values of the patient (P) on a screen.
BACKGROUND: Thromboembolic events are common complications of COVID-19. Clinical study results on safety and efficacy of anticoagulation in COVID-19 are controversial.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This report is the second update of our systematic review with meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing standard thromboprophylaxis, intermediate or therapeutic dose anticoagulation or no anticoagulation in COVID-19 in- and outpatients. We searched eligible studies up to 5 October 2023. Certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE.
RESULTS: For this update we included fourteen new RCTs and a total of 27 RCTs with 16,789 patients. Certainty of evidence ranged from very low to high depending on outcome and comparison. Standard thromboprophylaxis with low dose anticoagulation may have little or no effect for COVID-19 outpatients compared to no anticoagulation. In inpatients with moderate or severe COVID-19, intermediate dose anticoagulation may decrease any thrombotic events or death, but may increase major bleeding compared to standard thromboprophylaxis. Therapeutic dose anticoagulation decreases thrombotic events or deaths in inpatients with moderate COVID-19, but probably has little or no effect in patients with severe COVID-19 compared to standard thromboprophylaxis with low or intermediate dose anticoagulation. With therapeutic dose anticoagulation, the risk of major bleeding probably increases regardless of COVID-19 severity. We are uncertain on the effect of thromboprophylaxis with low dose anticoagulation compared to no anticoagulation in the post-discharge setting.
CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalized, moderately-ill COVID-19 patients may benefit from intermediate or therapeutic dose anticoagulation, while critically ill patients may not. Risk of major bleeding must be considered.
Ovarian cancer is a challenging disease. It is difficult to diagnose early, and the recurrence rate is high after initial treatment. In the past decades, in addition to cancer treatment methods, imaging evaluation has also made corresponding progress. In particular, molecular imaging using FDG-PET / CT has shown a strong role in ovarian cancer. It can locate metabolic changes before anatomical changes, point out small lymph node (LN) metastasis, find distant metastasis and definite recurrence.In terms of diagnosis, several studies have shown that PET-CT is superior to CT in ovarian cancer staging and has obvious advantages in the determination of extraperitoneal metastasis; In terms of predicting whether ro surgery can be performed, there are some mature scoring systems, such as eisenkop,suidan score etc.but there is still no unique scoring mode suitable for PET-CT; Despite the above advantages, the nonspecific uptake mechanism of FDG-PET may lead to false positive results.Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the factors that independently mediate tumor growth and metastasis. They are also related to extracellular fibrous tissue and tumor size Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is overexpressed in fibroblasts of many epithelial cancers, but rarely expressed in normal tissues.Therefore, imaging with FAP as a marker is a promising way in many tumor types In our previous study, \[68Ga\] GA dotafapi - PET / CT D compared with \[18F\] - FDG PET / CT has advantages in detecting primary and metastatic lesions of many tumors, especially peritoneal metastatic tumors, such as ovarian cancer.
According to the protocol for densah burs. The direction was reversed and the cutting speed was raised to 1200 rpm after the initial perforation close to the sinus floor. After that, two densifying burs were used in succession to elevate the sinus membrane by 2 mm and prepare the implant hole to the desired implant size.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new compound having strong antiallergic action and antiinflammatory action. SOLUTION: The objective compound is expressed by formula I (R1 is pyridine ring, etc.; R2 is H or a lower alkyl) or its salt, e.g. 4-[(4-diphenylmethyl-1- piperazinyl)methyl]phenylacetic acid methyl ester. The compound of formula I can be produced by reacting a piperazine derivative of formula II with a 4-halogenated methylphenylacetic acid ester of formula III (X is a halogen) in an inert solvent (e.g. dioxane) in the presence of an organic amine (e.g. triethylamine) for several hours at room temperature. The product is optionally converted to a free acid by ester hydrolyzing reaction. The compound is effective for the treatment of bronchial asthma, pollinosis, allergic rhinitis, hemorrhoid, rheumatoid arthritis, spondylosis deformans, gouty attack, etc.  It is administered at a daily rate of 0.1-30 mg for adult by injection, at a rate of 1-100mg per dose for adult and several doses a day by oral administration or several drops having a concentration of 0.01-0.5 (w/v)% at a time and several times a day by instillation.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review the evaluation and management of fluid overload in critically ill children.
RECENT FINDINGS: Emerging evidence associates fluid overload, i.e. having a positive cumulative fluid balance, with adverse outcome in critically ill children. This is most likely the result of impaired organ function due to increased extravascular water content. The combination of a number of parameters, including physical, laboratory and radiographic markers, may aid the clinician in monitoring and quantifying fluid status, but all have important limitations, in particular to discriminate between intra- and extravascular water volume. Current guidelines advocate a restrictive fluid management, initiated early during the disease course, but are hampered by the lack of high quality evidence.
SUMMARY: Recent advances in early evaluation of fluid status and (tailored) restrictive fluid management in critically ill children may decrease complications of fluid overload, potentially improving outcome. Further clinical trials are necessary to provide the clinician with solid recommendations.
People diagnosed with cancer must learn to cope with loss of meaning and empowerment which compromises quality of life. Questions regarding "Why me?", along with universal existential concerns about death, search for meaning, and sense of control over one's life, often constitute the principal source of overall suffering. Since there is no single and identifiable cause for cancer, those existential questions are commonly observed among patients who demand specific interventions to properly address this central issue. The existential approach can be used to help patients find meaning in the midst of a crisis. It addresses a central issue of survivorship in cancer.

The conceptual model explains the relation between being exposed to a stressful and traumatic life event such as cancer and the risk of progressing toward adjustment difficulties which compromises quality of life and existential integrity. Cancer constitutes a major stressor involving significant losses that confronts the person's beliefs system. A set of therapeutic strategies can help to cope with this inevitable challenge: 1) cognitive-behavioral strategies; 2) direct existential intervention; and 3) social support through supportive-expressive strategies. Adjustment first involves cognitive reframing of the perception of the situation (situational meaning). Cognitive reframing also contributes to a readjustment of personal beliefs and values (global meaning and existential dimension). Existential strategies enable to further this process by including cognitive (beliefs, sense of coherence, expectations), motivational (choice, goal setting, and goal driving) and affective dimensions. The expressive-supportive strategy promotes active listening and non-judgmental support to encourage expression of emotions. The use of these active coping strategies (meaning-based) to the threatened-life challenge enables optimization of existential and global quality of life, as opposed to employing passive strategies such as avoidance.
The majority of literature showed that level of physical activity is associated with Hb level. But there is paucity in the literature regarding the cause and effect relationship of PA and Hb. Literature shows lacking that there is any defined physical activity, which can affect the Hb concentration. According to literature, different studies conduct at Hb level in individuals with different diseases i.e. rheumatic arthritis, Diabetes mellitus etc. The aim of my study is to determining the cause and effect relationship of moderate physical activity on Hb level in healthy female population, one of the easiest moderate physical activity is brisk walk. Brisk walk is an aerobic exercise. People do get best physiological results of aerobic exercise with intensity of exercise 60-70% of the maximum pulse with longer time duration as well as increase frequency of exercise, which increase no of hemoglobin level due to this need more oxygen to performing physical activity in return basal metabolic rate increases and achieve physical fitness and gain relieve from the psychological problems.
The HEC condition will include: 1) an in-person orientation session, 2) 6 telephone-delivered health education sessions, and 3) weekly health-related e-mails. A variety of health and lifestyle topics will be addressed including the following: Session 1 (week 1) - Nutrition-What to Eat and What Not to Eat; Session 2 (week 2) - Sleep Problems and Sleep Hygiene; Session 3 (week 4) - Alcohol Use among Women; Session 4 (week 6) - Relaxation training; Session 5 (week 8) - Time Management and Assertiveness; and Session 6 (week 10) - Being a Smart Patient when Coordinating your Healthcare.
Neurotrophin binding to its specific receptors Trk A and p75 leads to the activation of multiple signalling cascades, culminating in neuroprotective and regenerative effects, including neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth. Neurotrophic factors have been used for the treatment of several neurodegenerative diseases. However, their use is limited by their inability to cross the blood-brain barrier, their short half life and their side effects. Small molecule neurotrophin mimetics may be beneficial in treating a number of neurodegenerative disorders. The present invention shows the capacity of nerve growth factor agonist molecules of Formulae I-IV, as defined in the specification, to induce differentiation in PC 12 cells, promote survival in RN22 cells and activate Trk A, IkBa and SAPK/JNK phosphorylation to various extents in both cell lines. In addition these molecules were able to ameliorate acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a multiple sclerosis (MS) animal model, inhibiting brain inflammation and reducing brain damage. We also observed suppression in the production of pro-inflammatory genes like the inducible nitric oxide synthase. These small molecules with NGF agonist activity may be beneficial for MS and other neurodegenerative diseases due to its neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties.
Thalamocortical (TC) circuits are essential for sensory information processing. Clinical and preclinical studies of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have highlighted abnormal thalamic development and TC circuit dysfunction. However, mechanistic understanding of how TC dysfunction contributes to behavioral abnormalities in ASDs is limited. Here, our study on a Shank3 mouse model of ASD reveals TC neuron hyperexcitability with excessive burst firing and a temporal mismatch relationship with slow cortical rhythms during sleep. These TC electrophysiological alterations and the consequent sensory hypersensitivity and sleep fragmentation in Shank3 mutant mice are causally linked to HCN2 channelopathy. Restoring HCN2 function early in postnatal development via a viral approach or lamotrigine (LTG) ameliorates sensory and sleep problems. A retrospective case series also supports beneficial effects of LTG treatment on sensory behavior in ASD patients. Our study identifies a clinically relevant circuit mechanism and proposes a targeted molecular intervention for ASD-related behavioral impairments.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new compound having extremely superior activated blood coagulation factor X-inhibiting activities, exhibiting strong anticoagulation activities, capable of being orally administered, and useful as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent of cerebral thrombosis, cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction or the like, and also a prophylactic and therapeutic agent of the infection of influenza. SOLUTION: This new compound is the one of formula I [A is a (substituted) (un)saturated 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic or the like; B is a (substituted) 5-membered (un)saturated cyclic divalent group or the like; R1 and R4 are each H or a 1-6C alkyl; R2 and R3 are each H, tetrazolyl or the like; m is 1 or 2; n is 0 or 1; with the proviso that the sum of m and n is 2 or 3; Q is a (substituted) hydrocarbon or the like], e.g. a compound of formula II. The compound of formula I is obtained b reacting a compound of formula III with a compound of formula. IV (X is a halogen), dissolving the resultant compound and a compound of the formula A-B-CHO in a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent and reacting the dissolved compounds by using a reducing agent in an argon atmosphere. The reaction is preferably carried out at (-78) deg.C to room temperature for 3-12 hr.
BACKGROUND: Osteochondromas, classified as a new benign subtype of lipomas and characterised by chondroid and osseous differentiation, are rare lesions that have been infrequently reported in previous literature. The maxillofacial region was reported as the most frequent localization, with infrequent occurrence in the lower limb. This paper represents the first documented case report of osteochondrolipoma in the foot.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 51-year-old male patient presented with a chief complaint of right foot pain at the plantar aspect, accompanied by the observation of swelling between the first and the second metatarsal shafts. His complaint of pain and swelling started 10 and 4 years prior, respectively. Since their onset, both symptoms have progressed in nature. Imaging revealved a large mass exhibiting a nonhomogenous composition of fibrous tissue and bony structures. Surgical intervention through total excision was indicated.
CONCLUSION: Osteochodrolipoma is a benign lesion that can affect the foot leading to decreased functionality of the foot due to the pain and swelling. Surgical excision is the recommended approach for this lesion, providing both symptomatic relief and confirmation of the diagnosis through histopathological examination.
PURPOSE: To obtain a skin preparation for external use formulated with Senegin, esp. excellent in skin beautifying effect, and good in both usability and safety. CONSTITUTION: This skin preparation for external use contains, as active ingredient, 0.001-20 (pref. 0.001-5)wt.% of Senegin and/or its salt. Besides, combination of the active ingredient with an ascorbic phosphoric ester and/or placenta extract potentiates the skin beautifying effect of this skin preparation. The Senegin, which has activity to inhibit the production and action of chromatophore activating factor, suppresses the melanogenesis and proliferation of chromatophores, therefore prevents skin spots and freckle to cause the fine and dampish skin. The Senegin is a triterpenoid saponin found in the extract of Polygala senega L. or Polygala senega L. var. Latifolia Torrey et Gray. The skin preparation can be made, by conventional means, into cosmetics and medicinal preparations of such formulations as milky lotion, lotion, cream, jelly, pack, powder, and ointment.
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to diagnostics and photodynamic therapy, and can be used for treating tumorous and inflammatory diseases with application of photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT is used with the preparation based on a chlorophyll-containing photosensitizer, wherein the photosensitizer is activated outside the body by exposing the preparation to a wave energy source and introducing the treated preparation into the patient's body. If the photosensitizer is activated outside the body, the preparation is additionally enriched with oxygen by bubbling and/or adding an oxygen-containing compound. Wave energy source is exposed to a power density of not less than 10 mWt / cmand radiation dose of not less than 0.02 J per 1 ml of preparation. Before administering the preparation, individual patient's parameters of the photodynamic therapy are determined, including the concentration of the photosensitizer in the preparation and its activation parameters. Determination of individual parameters of the PDT involves: taking microbore-containing substrate samples of a patient, treating substrate samples with preparations characterized by different photosensitizer content and activation parameters thereof, - exposure of non-fluorescent detergent samples and determination of nephelometric indices of samples before and after exposure to non-fluorescent detergent, wherein for PDT using a preparation corresponding to a sample with the highest ratio of nephelometric index after exposure to nephelometric index before exposure, or - analysis of growth inhibition area of corresponding microbes when exposed to samples of the preparation, characterized by different content of photosensitizer and parameters of its activation, wherein for PDT using a preparation corresponding to the sample with the highest growth inhibition zone of said microbes. PDT involves periodical control of accumulation of a photosensitizer in patient's tissues by evaluating fluorescence intensity of a pathological object by direct external or endoscopic examination of tissues, or by an individual normalized fluorescence index of blood plasma. Administration of the preparation is terminated after the fluorescence intensity essentially ceases to change or reaches a value not less than 1.5 times greater than the fluorescence intensity of the intact tissues.EFFECT: method provides a highly effective complex diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitation method for various types of inflammatory or tumorous diseases by using PDT using a preparation based on a chlorophyll-containing sensitizer, higher efficacy and selectivity of the photosensitizer action on the affected cells, reduced time of recovery of the involved organs and tissues, reduced toxic load on the unaffected tissues and organs, possibility to control the treatment and rehabilitation process, introduction of necessary changes.7 cl, 2 tbl, 4 ex
The invention discloses an epidemic prevention and health care drug for preventing fowl plague. From Lunar February to May, the epidemic prevention and health care drug comprises about 5g of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 5 to 10g of radix stemonae, 5 to 10g of radix scrophulariae, 5 to 10g of Lonicera japonica Thunb., 20 to 30g of indigowood root, 10 to 15g of radix scutellariae, 5 to 10g of cortex phellodendri, 5 to 10g of radix bupleuri, 5 to 10g of poncirus trifoliate and 5 to 10g of dried orange peel. From Lunar June to October, the use amount of the above drug materials is increased by one time. After conventional processing of the above drug materials, the drug materials are crushed and stirred and then can be eaten. The epidemic prevention and health care drug has effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, treats both manifestation and root cause of diseases, preventing epidemic diseases, caring health and improving immunity, is a pure traditional Chinese medicine product, does not produce residues and keeps egg and chicken quality. Indigowood root, radix scrophulariae, Lonicera japonica Thunb., radix stemonae, radix bupleuri and cortex phellodendri have effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, and preventing fowl plague, and has lasting effects and stable performances. Poncirus trifoliate and dried orange peel has functions of improving appetite and promoting digestion, accelerates chicken growth and improves chicken growing power. The epidemic prevention and health care drug is suitable for a chicken large-scale health breeding farm and specialized households and promotes chicken feeding in a breeding base.