anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Muscle fatigue is caused by biochemical changes that modify the mechanics of muscle contraction, which result in negative changes in the performance of the contraction. Several resources are studied in order to mitigate this situation, among them we can mention the Low Level-Laser Therapy (LLLT), which has demonstrated positive effects in the treatment of muscle disorders and fatigue prevention. The effects of LLLT are being studied in healthy individuals with fibromyalgia and athletes, currently studies are being performed on spastic muscles with post-stroke patients (post-stroke). The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of LLLT on brachial biceps muscle fatigue in healthy individuals and individuals with spastic hemiparesis. A double-blind, cross-sectional, comparative, randomized, double-blind clinical trial will be conducted. Phase I will consist of 30 healthy individuals and Phase II will be composed of 30 post-stroke individuals. The study will consist of three groups (Control Group, Placebo Group and LLLT Group) and all individuals will go through all groups, following the criteria of randomization. The protocol consists of LLLT application in the dominant side brachialis muscle in healthy subjects and on the hemiparetic side of post-stroke individuals, prior to performing the Isometric Maximum Voluntary Contraction (IMVC) for 50 seconds in the isokinetic dynamometer. The pain intensity will be evaluated through the Visual Analog Pain Scale, the myoelectric activity through the surface electromyography associated with the evaluation of the muscular torque through the isokinetic dynamometer. The local temperature will be evaluated by infrared thermography and blood lactate concentration by means of the lactimeter, which will be measured at four different times, prior to the application of the laser (basal collection) and 3, 15 and 25 minutes after IMVC.
In Stage 2, participants will be randomized to receive either tenofovir 1% gel or HEC placebo gel. Following a baseline visit, participants will return to the clinic, where a single dose of the study gel will be administered. Within approximately 30 minutes, rectal swab, stool, and rectal biopsy specimens will be obtained via anoscopy. After a one-week recovery period participants will return to the clinic for assessment. If no significant adverse events (AEs) are reported they will begin to self-administer once-daily outpatient doses of the study gel for 7 days, after which they will return to the clinic for evaluation and specimen collection.
Potassium Phosphates Injection may increase the risk of hyperkalemia, including life-threatening cardiac events, especially when administered in excessive doses, undiluted or by rapid intravenous infusion [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. Patients with severe renal impairment and end stage renal disease are at increased risk of developing life-threatening hyperkalemia, when administered intravenous potassium [see Contraindications (4)]. Other patients at increased risk of hyperkalemia include those with severe adrenal insufficiency or treated concurrently with other drugs that cause or increase the risk of hyperkalemia [see Drug Interactions (7.1)]. Patients with cardiac disease may be more susceptible to the effects of hyperkalemia. 

Consider the amount of potassium from all sources when determining the dose of Potassium Phosphates Injection and do not exceed the maximum age-appropriate recommended daily amount of potassium. In patients with moderate renal impairment (eGFR ≥30 mL/min/1.73 m2 to <60 mL/min/1.73 m2), start at the low end of the dose range and monitor serum potassium, phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium concentrations [see Dosage and Administration (2.2, 2.4), Use in Specific Populations (8.6)]. 

When administering Potassium Phosphates Injection in intravenous fluids to correct hypophosphatemia, check the serum potassium concentration prior to administration. If the potassium concentration is 4 mEq/dL or more, do not administer Potassium Phosphates Injection and use an alternative source of phosphorus [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)]. 

The maximum initial or single dose of Potassium Phosphates Injection in intravenous fluids to correct hypophosphatemia is phosphorus 45 mmol (potassium 66 mEq). The recommended infusion rate of potassium through a peripheral venous catheter is 10 mEq/hour. Continuous electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring is recommended for higher infusion rates of potassium [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with a general decline in well-being. However, there is limited evidence on the effect of the pandemic on the general population, and especially among the ageing population. We assessed the overall impact of the pandemic on the well-being of middle-aged and older adults residing in 27 European countries, focusing on the time-period before summer 2021. We used a sample of 46,209 respondents from the two population-based longitudinal Corona Surveys collected during summer 2020 and summer 2021. To test our hypotheses, we used latent change score models. All analyses were stratified by sex. The COVID-19 pandemic affected middle-aged and older Europeans' well-being irrespective of their sex. Being infected by the COVID-19 virus at the start of the pandemic had a negative impact on well-being. As expected, adults with Long COVID experienced the most pronounced decline in well-being. A novel finding was the decline in the level of well-being among adults not infected by the COVID-19 virus. Support should be provided at community levels with specific attention towards individuals with Long COVID symptoms and those infected with COVID-19 at earlier stages of the pandemic.
Patients are randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to treatment with the ridaforolimus (20 mg daily five days a week)/dalotuzumab (intravenous infusion 10 mg/kg once weekly) combination therapy or cross-over to one of two single-therapy treatments (ridaforolimus alone or dalotuzumab alone). With the implementation of Amendment 3, this study arm will not be opened.
The investigators plan to treat 30 subjects. Each qualifying subject will have at least 3 hypertrophic AKs, defined as more than 3mm in thickness, on each dorsal hand. Cryotherapy will be standardized in all patients and for all treated lesions: 1-2 sprays, 5 seconds each, with a 5 second interval. All subjects will be treated with the same cryo-spray. Following cryotherapy, subjects will be randomized to treat either their right or left dorsal hand with ingenol mebutate gel. The decision to treat the right vs. the left hand will be chosen by chance, like flipping a coin. Neither the subject nor the study doctor will choose what arm receives the ingenol mebutate gel. The study doctor will not know which arm is treated with ingenol mebutate, so the subject should not reveal that information to him or her at any time during the study. Subjects will treat the randomized dorsal hand with ingenol mebutate 0.05% gel starting on the same day as the cryotherapy (Day 0). Subjects will utilize the once daily for two days regimen. Subjects will be followed on day 4 after their initial visit, day 8, day 15, day 29, and day 57, with a two day window period.
BACKGROUND: Nepetoidin B (NB) has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. However, its effects on liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remain unclear.
METHODS: In this study, a mouse liver I/R injury model and a mouse AML12 cell hypoxia reoxygenation (H/R) injury model were used to investigate the potential role of NB. Serum transaminase levels, liver necrotic area, cell viability, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis were evaluated to assess the effects of NB on liver I/R and cell H/R injury. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting were used to measure mRNA and protein expression levels, respectively. Molecular docking was used to predict the binding capacity of NB and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 5 (MKP5).
RESULTS: The results showed that NB significantly reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, liver necrosis, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, inflammatory cytokine content and expression, inflammatory cell infiltration, and apoptosis after liver I/R and AML12 cells H/R injury. Additionally, NB inhibited the JUN protein amino-terminal kinase (JNK)/P38 pathway. Molecular docking results showed good binding between NB and MKP5 proteins, and Western blotting results showed that NB increased the protein expression of MKP5. MKP5 knockout (KO) significantly diminished the protective effects of NB against liver injury and its inhibitory effects on the JNK/P38 pathway.
CONCLUSION: NB exerts hepatoprotective effects against liver I/R injury by regulating the MKP5-mediated P38/JNK signaling pathway.
PURPOSE: To obtain a fibroblast growth factor derived from a mammalian milk. CONSTITUTION: This fibroblast growth factor(FGF) derived from a milk is obtained by using a cream fraction obtained by the centrifugation of the milk of available mammals (e.g. a cow), especially a foremilk until 24hr postpartum. Since a part of cow's foremilk-FGF is present in a whey, this fraction can also be used. In this FGF, isoelectric points exist at the acidic side of 5-6 and at the basic side of 8-10, and further it has a potent affinity to heparin or heparan sulfate. FGF is a factor to enhance growth of mouse fibroblasts, especially demonstrates a potent activity to endotherial cells in blood vessels and widely produced and distributed in tissues and cells of the living body such as hypothalmus, brain, retina, eyes, kidneys, cardiac muscles, hepatic cells, prostate, placenta, cartilage, spleen, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, cerebral gland and macrophages, but its existence in the cells of mammalian gland and in the milk has not been reported.
NEW MATERIAL:A growth factor contained in the culture supernatant of a fibroblast-like cell originated from chronic rheumatism synovial cell and having the following properties. The mol.wt.: 50000-70000, not having affinity to heparin, stable on thermal treatment at 56 deg.C for 30min and promoting the growth of vascular endothelial cell. USE:A treatment-promoting drug for burns and wounds, a remedy for angiopathy, or a remedy or diagnostic agent for chronic rheumatism and solid tumors. PREPARATION:For example, synovial cell is collected from the knee arthrosis of a chronic rheumatism patient, finely cut and treated with trypsin in a buffer solution. Cells contained in the supernatant are collected, cultured in a medium and cloned by a limiting dilution analysis. The fibroblast-like cells are cultured and the supernatant of the cultured solution is concentrated and purified by a high performance liquid chromatography to provide the growth factor having a mol.wt. of 50000-70000.
The intervention will be provided with a 8-part psychoeducational intervention delivered online on a weekly basis. Online modules will be comprised of a short (approximately 3 minute) videos followed by more specific text-based information and links to additional resources. At the end of the module, participants will complete a short quiz, followed by a reflection exercise to reinforce learning. Each model, participants will be asked to select a goal to complete a pleasurable activity and receive an option to set a text or email reminder to do so.
Patients will receive Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy Treatments (IMRT), 60 Gy at 2 Gy/fx. The acceptable weekly chemotherapy regimens are Cisplatin 30 to 40 mg/m2 (first choice), Cetuximab 250mg/m2 (second choice), Carboplatin AUC 1.5 and paclitaxel 45 mg/m2 (third choice), Carboplatin AUC 3 (fourth choice). Chemotherapy will be given intravenously weekly during IMRT, 6 total doses. Chemotherapy will not be given to patients with T0-2 N0-1 disease, ≤ 10 pack years smoking history. Decision for surgical evaluation will be based on the results of the PET/CT and clinical exam 10-16 weeks after CRT. Patients with a positive PET/CT scan will undergo surgical evaluation at the discretion of the surgeon. Patients with a negative PET/CT scan will be observed.
Nursing education plays a vital role in equipping student nurses with the necessary knowledge and skills to become competent and reliable healthcare professionals. The use of interactive methods in education has a significant impact on enhancing nursing students' competencies. There is a lack of sufficient research in the literature regarding the effectiveness of teach-back and video-supported instruction on the safe use of medical devices. Hence, this study aims to compare the effectiveness of teach-back and video-supported teaching methods in enhancing nursing students' competencies in the safe use of medical devices.

The research will be conducted between September 2023 and May 2024 in a designated training room at the hospital where the clinical training of senior nursing students takes place. The sample of the study will consist of a total of 105 students, who will be divided into three groups using randomization: a teach-back group (35 students), a video-supported instruction group (35 students), and a control group (35 students). Data will be collected using the Student Information Form, Medical Device Usage Competency Self-Assessment Form, Medical Device Usage Competency Knowledge Test, and Medical Device Usage Competency Observer Evaluation Form. For data analysis, the normality of the data will first be determined using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test. Parametric tests will be used for normally distributed data, while non-parametric tests will be used for non-normally distributed data.
Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information).

Inform patients of the potential adverse reactions of glipizide extended-release tablets including hypoglycemia. Explain the risks of hypoglycemia, its symptoms and treatment, and conditions that predispose to its development to patients and responsible family members. Also inform patients about the importance of adhering to dietary instructions, of a regular exercise program, and of regular testing of glycemic control.

Inform patients that glipizide extended-release tablets should be swallowed whole. Inform patients that they should not chew, divide or crush tablets and they may occasionally notice in their stool something that looks like a tablet. In the glipizide extended-release tablets, the medication is contained within a non-dissolvable shell that has been specially designed to slowly release the drug so the body can absorb it.

Advise patients with diabetes to inform their healthcare provider if they are pregnant, contemplating pregnancy, breastfeeding, or contemplating breastfeeding.

This product's label may have been updated. For full prescribing information, please contact Par Pharmaceutical at 1-800-828-9393 or visit www.parpharm.com.
BACKGROUND: Reduction of inflammatory damage and inhibition of nucleus pulposus (NP) apoptosis are considered to be the main effective therapy idea to reverse the intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and alleviate the chronic low back pain. The adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR), as a member of G protein-coupled receptor families, plays an important role in the anti-inflammation and relieving pain. So far, the impact of A2AR on IDD therapy is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the role of Adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) in the intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and clarify potential mechanism.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: IL-1β and acupuncture was used to establish IDD model rats. A2AR agonist CGS-21680 and A2AR antagonist SCH442416 were used to investigate the therapeutical effects for IDD. Histological examination, western blotting analysis and RT-PCR were employed to evaluate the the association between A2AR and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway.
RESULTS: A2AR activity of the intervertebral disc tissues was up-regulated in feedback way, and cAMP, PKA and CREB expression were also increased. But in general, IL-1β-induced IDD promoted the significant up-regulation the expression of inflammatory factors. The nucleus pulposus (NP) inflammation was exacerbated in result of MMP3 and Col-II decline through activating NF-κB signaling pathway. A2AR agonist CGS-21680 exhibited a disc protective effect through significantly increasing A2AR activity, then further activated cAMP/PKA signaling pathway with attenuating the release of TNF-α and IL-6 via down-regulating NF-κB. In contrast, SCH442416 inhibited A2AR activation, consistent with lower expression levels of cAMP and PKA, further leading to the acceleration of IDD.
CONCLUSIONS: The activation of A2AR can prevent inflammatory responses and mitigates degradation of IDD thus suggest a potential novel therapeutic strategy of IDD.
Women who make positive health behavior changes to protect their fetus typically do so after learning about the pregnancy, unaware that the period of maximum sensitivity to these changes has passed. Fewer than half of mothers enter pregnancy at a healthy weight and an increasing percentage of pregnancies are affected by chronic hypertension and other chronic health conditions. These risk factors are predictive of poor birth outcomes and increased risk to maternal health, yet they are difficult to modify after conception. Routine preconception screening and counseling is recommended for all women of reproductive age, yet adherence is low. More than sixteen years after the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommended routine preconception screening and counseling in primary care settings, fewer than one-fifth of primary care providers conduct this critical screening. Pioneering approaches are needed to increase preconception screening and improve patient adherence to preconception recommendations in primary care settings. This innovative, self-selected preconception screening tool encourages patients to be active participants in their own care and eliminates the time burden associated with typical pre-selected screening. Typical pre-selected risk screening tools ask patients a series of pre-determined health-related questions to identify health risks. Pre-selected tools identify health information needs for the patient, based on the patient's response to the risk assessment. This study proposes a patient-selected screening tool, whereby the patient selects from a list of pre-conception counseling topics based on her own perceived need for information. This tool has fewer questions, reducing time burden. The first specific aim of this project is to compare topics identified for counseling and overall identification of risk between the two screening approaches. The second aim is to compare preconception knowledge, behavior change intention and self-efficacy between patients who receive patient-selected and preselected preconception screening. The third aim is to utilize a QUAN-qual sequential mixed methods design to explain quantitative results and identify novel options for preconception counseling. To accomplish this objective, a pilot study will be conduct in a mid-size primary care clinic located in a Midwest urban setting. Female participants of child-bearing age will be randomly assigned to receive: 1) preselected preconception screening; 2) patient-selected preconception risk screening; or 3) no screening. Participants will then be invited to a follow-up interview. Participants will be asked about their experiences with the preconception tools and how to better incorporate preconception screening and counseling into primary care settings. The findings from the quantitative pilot study will be integrated with the qualitative data using an explanatory sequential joint display. This project's results can demonstrate the relevance of utilizing a quicker and potentially more effective preconception screening tool for improving maternal and child health.
Spastic paraplegia type 4 (SPG4), caused by SPAST mutations, is the most predominant subtype of hereditary spastic paraplegia. Most documented SPG4 patients present as pure form, with the complex form rarely reported. We described the clinical and genetic features of 20 patients with complex phenotypes of SPG4 and further explored the genotype-phenotype correlations. We collected detailed clinical data of all SPG4 patients and assessed their phenotypes. SPAST gene mutations were identified by Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification in combination with whole exome sequencing. We further performed statistical analysis in genotype and phenotype among patients with various manifestations and different variants. Out of 90 SPG4 patients, 20 patients (male:female = 16:4) with additional neurologic deficits, namely complex form, were included in our study. The bimodal distribution of age of onset at 0-10 and 21-40 years old is concluded. On cranial MRI, obvious white matter lesions can be observed in five patients. We identified 9 novel and 8 reported SPAST mutations, of which 11 mutations were located in AAA (ATPase associated with various cellular activities) domain. The AAA cassette of spastin is the hottest mutated region among complex SPG4. All patients with cognitive impairment (CI) are males (n = 9/9). Additionally, 80% patients with ataxia are due to frameshift mutations (n = 4/5). Overall, our study summarized and analyzed the genetic and phenotypic characteristics of complex SPG4, making up over 1/5 of in-house SPG4 cohort, among which CI and ataxia are the most common features. Further studies are expected to explore the underlying mechanisms.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with sepsis has a very poor prognosis with up to 60% mortality. The pathobiology remains to be fully understood. Creatine and phosphocreatine, products of arginine metabolism through L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT) and its sister enzyme guanidinoacetate N-methyl-transferase (GAMT), provide an energy-buffering system that is essential for intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) supply. We hypothesized that sepsis associated AKI may be caused by failure of this energy-buffering system. In series of pilot studies, we explored metabolic and bioenergetic patterns in patients and animals with high risk of developing AKI. These data suggest that sepsis associated AKI may be caused by failure of this alternative renal energy source. In the current application we propose a clinical investigation of renal metabolism and renal bioenergetics in patients with high and low risk of developing sepsis associated AKI. The primary objective is to directly investigate renal AGAT activity through the arginyl metabolites homoarginine, guanidino acetate, and creatine. Secondary objectives are to study renal and systemic hemodynamics, renal oxygenation, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal tubular function, and mitochondrial respiration.
Single-Dose Study: There will be a total of 7 dose cohorts. Multiple-dose Study: There will be a total of 4 dose cohorts.
The study is a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) of a 12-week physical activity intervention. Fifty cancer survivors will be recruited and allocated to one of two research arms: Fitbit+Only Group or Fitbit+Charity Incentives Group. Participants in both intervention arms will be asked to track their physical activities using Fitbit One, an activity monitor that monitors steps and physical activity and will receive basic educational materials about increasing physical activity. Those in the Fitbit+charity incentives Group will raise money for cancer charities if they meet weekly step targets.

The key outcome variable of the RCT is steps as measured by an activPAL accelerometer. Data will be collected at baseline and 12-weeks. Fitbit data will also be collected for the duration of the 12-week intervention and for 6-weeks following the end of the intervention period to have an initial examination of behavior change maintenance (total 18-weeks).