anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
STUDY OBJECTIVE: The real-world effectiveness and safety of a 0/1-hour accelerated protocol using high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) to exclude myocardial infarction (MI) compared to routine care in the United States is uncertain. The objective was to compare a 0/1-hour accelerated protocol for evaluation of MI to a 0/3-hour standard care protocol.
METHODS: The RACE-IT trial was a stepped-wedge, randomized trial across 9 emergency departments (EDs) that enrolled 32,609 patients evaluated for possible MI from July 2020 through April 2021. Patients undergoing high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I testing with concentrations less than or equal to 99th percentile were included. Patients who had MI excluded by the 0/1-hour protocol could be discharged from the ED. Patients in the standard care protocol had 0- and 3-hour troponin testing and application of a modified HEART score to be eligible for discharge. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients discharged from the ED without 30-day death or MI.
RESULTS: There were 13,505 and 19,104 patients evaluated in the standard care and accelerated protocol groups, respectively, of whom 19,152 (58.7%) were discharged directly from the ED. There was no significant difference in safe discharges between standard care and the accelerated protocol (59.5% vs 57.8%; adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.95 to 1.16). At 30 days, there were 90 deaths or MIs with 38 (0.4%) in the standard care group and 52 (0.4%) in the accelerated protocol group (aOR=0.84, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.68).
CONCLUSION: A 0/1-hour accelerated protocol using high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I did not lead to more safe ED discharges compared with standard care.
The invention relates to the field of medicines, and provides a preparation method of a Korean medicine extract for preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy. Compared with the prior art, the content of effective substances in the Chaozhou medicinal composition is adjusted by limiting elution conditions, so that the content of flavonoid substances such as quisqualis medicinal component puerarin and the like is obviously improved, and the treatment effect of the Chaozhou medicinal extract is further improved. The Korean medicinal herb extract prepared by the method is also provided, and the mass ratio of total flavonoids, total polysaccharides and total saponins in the Korean medicinal herb extract is 5-15: 1-3: 1-4. The Korean medicine extract provided by the invention has more reasonable proportion of effective components, and has more remarkable effects of reducing blood sugar and protecting kidney. The invention also provides a Korean medicine tablet containing the Korean medicine extract, which is small in dosage and convenient to carry. The Korean medicinal extract or Korean medicinal tablet can be used as medicine for preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy.
BACKGROUND: Evidence from animal studies suggests that minocycline may reduce lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) recurrence in cerebral amyloid angiopathy, possibly by inhibiting perivascular extracellular matrix degradation in cerebral small vessels. There is currently no evidence of its safety or efficacy in humans with cerebral amyloid angiopathy.
METHODS AND RESULTS: To provide preliminary data to support future studies of minocycline's efficacy, the authors performed a retrospective single-center cohort study to assess the incidence of recurrent ICH in patients with an aggressive clinical course of probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy who had been prescribed minocycline off-label via shared decision-making. Crude incidence rate ratios were calculated to compare incidence rates before versus after treatment. Sixteen patients (mean age at minocycline initiation, 66.3±3.5 years; women 62.5%; median of 3 lobar ICHs [range, 1-6]) were initiated on minocycline and followed for a median of 12.4 months (range, 1.8-61.4 months). Adverse events were reported in 4 of 16 patients (gastroenteric, n=3; dizziness, n=1) and were considered mild. ICH incidence sharply increased the year before minocycline initiation compared with the preceding years (2.18 [95% CI, 1.50-3.07] versus 0.40 [95% CI, 0.25-0.60] events per patient-year) and fell to 0.46 (95% CI, 0.23-0.83) events per patient-year afterwards. Incidence rate ratios of recurrent ICH after minocycline was lower (0.21 [95% CI, 0.11-0.42], P<0.0001) compared with the year before initiation.
CONCLUSIONS: Minocycline appeared safe and generally tolerated in a small group of patients with clinically aggressive cerebral amyloid angiopathy and was associated with reduced ICH recurrence. Determining whether this reduction represents a biological response to minocycline rather than a regression to the mean, however, will require a future controlled treatment trial.
People with intellectual disability (ID) are often subject to motor impairments such as altered gait. As gait is a task involving motor and perceptive dimensions, perceptual-motor training is an efficient rehabilitation approach to reduce the risk of falls which grows with age. Virtual, augmented, and mixed reality are recent tools which enable interaction with 3D elements at different levels of immersion and interaction. In view of the countless possibilities that this opens, their use for therapeutic purposes is constantly increasing. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence a mixed reality activity could have on motor and cognitive abilities in eighteen adults with intellectual disability. For three months, once a week, they had around 20 min to pop virtual balloons with a finger using a Microsoft HoloLens2® head-mounted mixed-reality device. Motor skills were assessed through gait analysis and cognitive abilities were measured with the Montréal Cognitive Assessment. Both walking speed and cognitive score increased after training. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that mixed reality holds potential to get used for therapeutic purposes in adults with ID.
BACKGROUND: Oral focal epithelial hyperplasia (FEH) is an uncommon infection affecting humans, chimpanzees, bonobos, and howler monkeys. This study describes 10 cases of free-ranging brown howler monkeys (Alouatta guariba clamitans) diagnosed with FEH and Alouatta guariba Papillomavirus 1 (AgPV 1).
METHODS: We analyzed demographic characteristics, rescue conditions, clinical and pathological findings, and species-specific behavior factors in these cases. The study assessed the frequency of occurrence and potential contributing factors of FEH and AgPV 1 infection.
RESULTS: The frequency of FEH was 8.13%. Most affected howlers were adult or geriatric males with comorbidities or stressful conditions. Clinical and pathological observations were consistent with AgPV 1 infection. Species-specific behaviors and environmental stressors were identified as contributing factors.
CONCLUSIONS: FEH associated with AgPV 1 affected mainly adult or geriatric males with ongoing comorbidities or stressful conditions. Further research is needed to understand these factors for effective management.
The study of the association of social variables with the prevalence of impairments can provide subsidies for more adequate care and health policies for the most needy people by incorporating social aspects. This article aims to estimate the prevalence of diverse types of impairments, the degree of difficulty, limitations, and the need for help they cause and attest whether this prevalence differ by educational attainment in individuals aged 20 years or older. This is a populational cross-sectional study (2015 Health Survey of São Paulo-ISA Capital). Data from 3184 individuals were analyzed via educational attainment as exposure variable and outcome variables related to visual, hearing, intellectual, and mobility impairments. 19.9% of participants had visual, 7.8%, hearing, 2.7%, intellectual, and 7.4%, mobility impairments. Mobility and intellectual impairments limited participants' daily activities the most, 70.3% and 63.3%, respectively; who, thus, needed the most help: 48.9% and 48.5%, respectively. Lower schooling was associated with a higher prevalence of impairments, greater need for help due to visual and intellectual impairments, and greater limitations due to hearing and visual impairments.
The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and the maintenance of a behavior change program called VAMOS (Active Life Improving Health) Program on physical activity and healthy eating habits in different environmental contexts of Florianópolis/ SC/ Brazil. This study will be conducted in Health Centers (HC) of Florianópolis/ SC/ Brazil, defined according to environmental and income characteristics. Therefore, initially all geographic areas around the HC will be visited to classify the public places as favorable (with the presence of spaces for the practice of PA) and unfavorable environmental (do not have spaces for physical activity), using the instrument Physical Activity Resource Assessment (PARA). Thereafter, four HC will be selected: high income + high environmental quality index, high income + low environmental quality index, low income + high environmental quality index, low income + low environmental quality index. In each HC, the volunteers will be randomly assigned into two groups of approximately 25 people: VAMOS group and control group, resulting in a total sample of approximately 200 volunteer users. The volunteers will be invited to attend a lecture on healthy lifestyle in date, place and time set, in which a screening will be held in order to trace the profile of the population reached. On this occasion, a questionnaire containing information of sociodemographic data, health status, quality of life, physical activity, eating habits will be answered. They also will be asked to report their individual height and body mass. The participants that will be assigned to the VAMOS group will participate in a behavioral change program aimed at motivating changes in physical activity and eating habits during five months (12 meetings - six weekly meetings and six fortnightly meetings), while the control group will receive one educational lecture regarding lifestyle changes. The meetings of VAMOS Program will be held in the dependences or nearby the HC and will be mediated by the physical education professional previously trained. The Program will be evaluated by the RE-AIM framework: reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance. The effectiveness will be assessed from measurements of physical activity, eating habits, self-efficacy, social support, quality of life, anthropometry, and lipid profile before and after five months of intervention. The implementation will be assessed by identifying the extent to which the program will be conducted as planned. The maintenance will be estimated from revaluations of all outcomes, as measured before and after the intervention, six months and one year after the end of the program. For data analysis, in addition to descriptive statistics, two-way ANOVA for mixed models will be applied for within and between groups comparison, if the premises of this test are met. The level of significance that will be adopted is P\<0.05. All analyzes will be done at SPSS statistical package, version 17.0.
According to embodiments of the present disclosure, methods of and computer program products for operating a plurality of classifiers are provided. A plurality of input entities are read, each input entity having an associated target label. The input entities are provided to a first classifier, and a category of each input entity is obtained therefrom. A feature map is determined for each input entity. Each feature map is provided to each of a set of classifiers, and an assigned label is obtained for each feature map from each of the set of classifiers. Each classifier is associated with one of the categories. For each classifier, the assigned label for each feature map is compared to the target labels to determine a plurality of gradients. The plurality of gradients are masked according to each category, yielding a masked set of gradients for each category. Each classifier is trained according its associated masked gradients.
Topical application of MAL cream (Metvix) containing 160 mg/g methyl-aminolevulinate (MAL). Application of a 1 mm thick layer covering each lesion and a 0.5 cm to 1 cm surrounding margin.
Within 4 weeks of registration patients will undergo minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE). However, there will be up to 5 months allowed between registration and MIE for those patients needing neoadjuvant therapy prior to undergoing MIE.
The use is provided of a composition as a feed additive which comprises one or more endoglucanases, and 0–20% by weight, based upon the content of cellulase proteins in the composition, of a cellobiohydrolase. The endoglycanases may be one or more of EGI, EGII, EGIII and any functionally active derivative of any thereof. Such endoglucanases may be obtained from a genetically modified strain of the fungus  Trichoderma . Also provided is an enzyme-based feed additive which comprises EGI and/or EGII which lack the cellulose binding domain, and 0–20% by weight, based upon the content of cellulase proteins in the additive, of a cellobiohydrolase. A further enzyme-based feed additive is provided which comprises a cereal-based carrier, one or more endoglucanases, and 0–20% by weight, based upon the content of cellulase proteins in the additive, of a cellobiohydrolase. Such enzyme-based feed additives can be incorporated into a cereal-based feed which includes one or more of barley, wheat, triticale, rye and maize. The feed additive has the advantage of improving the feed conversion ratio and/or increasing the digestibility of a cereal-based feed in which it is included.
PURPOSE:To provide a new 15-hydroxymilbemycin derivative useful as an intermediate capable of producing a milbemycin derivative having ether bond at 13-site and exhibiting excellent antihelmintic activity in high production yield. CONSTITUTION:The compound of formula I (R is methyl, ethyl, isopropyl or t-butyl), e.g. 5-oxo-15-hydroxy-DELTA 13,14-milbemycin A4. The compound can be produced in high yield by oxidizing a compound of formula II with manganese dioxide, thereby selectively and exclusively oxidizing the 5-OH in three OH groups. A 13-ether compound of formula III can be produced in high yield by reacting the compound of formula I with an alcohol of formula R<1>OH [R<1> is 1-6C alkyl or 3-6C cycloalkyl which may have 1-3 substituents (e.g. halogen, 1-3C alkyl or 1-3C alkoxy) in the presence of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid.] The 13-ether compound can easily be converted to a 5-hydroxy compound by treating with a reducing agent such as sodium borohydride.
An activated affinity ligand is described comprising: a ligand having (a) a region with affinity for binding sites of a lectin; and (b) a reactive group capable of covalently linking the ligand to the lectin to thereby block one or more of the binding sites of the lectin. A blocked lectin is described comprising one or more affinity ligands covalently linked by means of a reactive group present on each of the ligands to a lectin such that one or more binding sites of the lectin is blocked. A cell-binding agent-blocked lectin conjugate is described comprising the above-described blocked lectin and a cell-binding agent covalently linked to: (a) one of the covalently linked affinity ligands; or (b) the lectin. A method of preparing a blocked lectin is described. A method of preparing the cell-binding agent-blocked lectin conjugate is described. An affinity support capable of binding to a lectin to form a blocked lectin is described comprising an activated affinity ligand covalently linked to a solid support. A method of preparing the affinity support capable of binding to a lectin to form a blocked lectin is described. A method of killing selected cell populations having reduced cytotoxicity to non-selected cell populations is described comprising contacting a cell population or tissue suspected of containing cells from said selected cell population with the above-described cell-binding agent-blocked lectin conjugate, wherein the lectin is a cytotoxic lectin. Medicaments and methods of treatment using the above-described cell-binding agent-blocked lectin conjugate also are described.
Fifteen subjects will be enrolled in this cohort. The maximal tolerable dose (MTD) confirmed in the first stage will be utilized in 15 patients. This stage should not be initiated before the completion of dose escalation of all three subjects in the first stage. Treatment will be repeated every two weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity or withdrawn of consent or no lesion suitable for injection or death. Dose interruption, not reduction, is permitted. Treatment will be terminated if toxicity-related treatment interrupt is longer than 28 days. Radiology assessment will be conducted every six weeks.
After completing screening questions and obtaining consent, eligible participants will complete their baseline procedures and measures. All participants will then start the experimental, i.e., bundled intervention, the first week after their ED discharge, including peer support service and buprenorphine treatment with addiction physicians using telehealth. Each participant will be in the study for 3 months. During the study period, participants will be sent survey links to their cell phones and/or emails to complete self-report questionnaires via the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) at 1-month and 3-month for follow-up assessments. Peers will remind the participants to complete the survey.
This will be a prospective observational study. A convenience sample will be carried out to include 200 patients who attend the ENERI Medical Institute, La Sagrada Familia Clinic and Sanatorio Mendez with a clinical indication to be evaluated by a CCTA due to suspected CAD or known CAD. The study will have a baseline stage in which a clinical evaluation will be performed, blood samples will be drawn for transcriptome analysis and laboratory analysis. Then, a DNA sample obtained by swabbing the buccal mucose will be taken. Subsequently, the images obtained from the clinically indicated CCTA will be assessed to explore the outcomes of interest. At the end of patient enrollment, biological samples will be sequenced for in silico evaluation of the results. Finally, a 5-year follow-up will be carried out via telephone or email contact to collect data on the incidence of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events.
The recent expansion of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens poses significant challenges in treating healthcare-associated infections. Although antibacterial resistance occurs by numerous mechanisms, active efflux of the drugs is a critical concern. A single species of efflux pump can produce a simultaneous resistance to several drugs. One of the best-studied efflux pumps is the TtgABC: a tripartite resistance-nodulation-division (RND) efflux pump implicated in the intrinsic antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas putida DOT-T1E. The expression of the TtgABC gene is down-regulated by the HTH-type transcriptional repressor TtgR. In this context, by employing quantum chemistry methods based on the Density Functional Theory (DFT) within the Molecular Fragmentation with Conjugate Caps (MFCC) approach, we investigate the coupling profiles of the transcriptional regulator TtgR in complex with quercetin (QUE), a natural polyphenolic flavonoid, tetracycline (TAC), and chloramphenicol (CLM), two broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. Our quantum biochemical computational results show the: [i] convergence radius, [ii] total binding energy, [iii] relevance (energetically) of the ligands regions, and [iv] most relevant amino acids residues of the TtgR-QUE/TAC/CLM complexes, pointing out distinctions and similarities among them. These findings improve the understanding of the binding mechanism of effectors and facilitate the development of new chemicals targeting TtgR, helping in the battle against the rise of resistance to antimicrobial drugs. These advances are crucial in the ongoing fight against rising antimicrobial drug resistance, providing hope for a future where healthcare-associated infections can be more beneficially treated.
Chlorambucil will be supplied as 2-mg tablets for PO administration. Chlorambucil is administered orally on Days 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle.The starting dosage (Cycle 1) is 0.5 mg/kg. If well tolerated, the Chlorambucil dose can be increased starting at Cycle 2, with increments of 0.1 mg/kg on Day 1 of each cycle to a maximum of 0.8 mg/kg.
A specially adapted recumbent cycle ergometer with the ability to quickly transform into an isometric dynamometer will be used to assess fatigability development during a task to failure. Throughout the task, which consists of blocks of 3 minutes, neuromuscular assessments will take place to determine the evolution of fatigability and its peripheral and central determinants.
Dutasteride

Dutasteride is extensively metabolized in humans by the CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 isoenzymes. The effect of potent CYP3A4 inhibitors on dutasteride has not been studied. Because of the potential for drug-drug interactions, use caution when prescribing a dutasteride-containing product, including dutasteride and tamsulosin hydrochloride capsules, to patients taking potent, chronic CYP3A4 enzyme inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir) [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

Tamsulosin

Strong and Moderate Inhibitors of CYP3A4 or CYP2D6: Tamsulosin is extensively metabolized, mainly by CYP3A4 or CYP2D6.

Concomitant treatment with ketoconazole (a strong inhibitor of CYP3A4) resulted in increases in the Cmax and AUC of tamsulosin by factors of 2.2 and 2.8, respectively. Concomitant treatment with paroxetine (a strong inhibitor of CYP2D6) resulted in increases in the Cmax and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of tamsulosin by factors of 1.3 and 1.6, respectively. A similar increase in exposure is expected in poor metabolizers (PM) of CYP2D6 as compared to extensive metabolizers (EM). Since CYP2D6 PMs cannot be readily identified and the potential for significant increase in tamsulosin exposure exists when tamsulosin 0.4 mg is coadministered with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors in CYP2D6 PMs, tamsulosin 0.4 mg capsules should not be used in combination with strong inhibitors of CYP3A4 (e.g., ketoconazole). The effects of coadministration of both a CYP3A4 and a CYP2D6 inhibitor with tamsulosin have not been evaluated. However, there is a potential for significant increase in tamsulosin exposure when tamsulosin 0.4 mg is coadministered with a combination of both CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 inhibitors [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

Cimetidine: Treatment with cimetidine resulted in a moderate increase in tamsulosin hydrochloride AUC (44%) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].