anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Letermovir prophylaxis revolutionized the approach to Cytomegalovirus infection in adult hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT), while data in pediatric setting are still lacking. We retrospectively analyzed 87 HCT children transplanted in 11 AIEOP centers receiving letermovir as off-label indication between January 2020 and November 2022. Letermovir was used as primary, secondary prophylaxis or CMV treatment in 39, 26 and 22 cases, respectively; no discontinuation due to toxicity was reported. Median duration was 100 days (14-256) for primary and 96 days (8-271) for secondary prophylaxis, respectively. None of the patients experienced CMV-clinically significant reactivation during Letermovir primary prophylaxis; one patient developed breakthrough infection during secondary prophylaxis, and 10 and 1 patient experienced asymptomatic CMV-reactivation and CMV-primary infection after drug discontinuation, respectively. Median duration of letermovir in CMV treatment was 40 days (7-134), with 4/22 patients suffering CMV-pneumonia, with an overall response rate of 86.4%. With a median follow-up of 10.7 months (8.2-11.8), estimated 1-year overall survival was 86%; no CMV-related deaths were reported in prophylaxis groups. This is the largest report on Letermovir use in pediatric HCT; real-life data confirm an excellent toxicity profile, with high efficacy as CMV prophylaxis; results in CMV-infection treatment should be investigated in larger, prospective trials.
A device for the transdermal delivery of a pharmacologically active substance has first and second superimposed mutually contacting adhesive layers (2, 3). The first layer (3) is in use brought into contact with the skin. The active substance is dissolved in both layers, the affinity of the first layer for the active substance being between about 1.15 and about 10 times lower than that of the second layer. The percent saturation of the active substance in both the layers is the same and is less than 100 %. The first layer has a greater thickness than the second layer. The device is simple and can provide stable delivery over a long period.
PURPOSE: To provide a parenteral compsn. comprising a mixture of at least one drug to be delivered in a therapeutically effective amt. and a bioabsorbable lactone copolymer which is formed from one or more lactone monomers and can sustain or extend the release rate of the drug.  
     CONSTITUTION: A bioabsorbable lactone copolymer having an inherent viscosity (in hexafluoropropanol, 25°C) of about 0.05-0.8 dl/g and a molar ratio of ε- caprolactone to 1,4-dioxanone of about (70/30)-(30/70) is prepd. by adding ε- caprolactone, another lactone monomer (e.g. 1,4-dioxanone), and small amts. of propylene glycol and a stanous caprylate soln. to toluene, subjecting the resultant mixture to thermal reaction at a certain temp. under stirring in an inert gas (e.g. N 2 ) atmosphere, and, after the completion of the reaction, vacuum drying the resultant viscous liquid to remove unreacted monomers. The copolymer, which is liq. at body temp., is mixed with at least one drug to give a parenteral compsn. which can sustain or extend the release rate of a therapeutically effective amt. of the drug. 
     COPYRIGHT: (C)1995,JPO
OBJECTIVE: Secretoneurin may play a brain-protective role. We aim to discover the relationship between serum secretoneurin levels and severity plus neurological outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).
METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, serum secretoneurin levels were measured in 110 ICH patients and 110 healthy controls. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and hematoma volume were used to assess stroke severity. Poor prognosis was defined as Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores of 1-3 at 90 days after ICH. A multivariate logistic regression model was constructed to determine independent correlation of serum secretoneurin levels with severity and poor prognosis. Under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, prognostic ability of serum secretoneurin levels was assessed. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) model and subgroups analysis were used for discovering association of serum secretoneurin levels with risk of poor prognosis. Calibration curve and decision curve were evaluated to confirm performance of nomogram.
RESULTS: Serum secretoneurin levels of patients were significantly higher than those of healthy controls. Serum secretoneurin levels of patients were independently correlated with GCS scores and hematoma volume. There were 42 patients with poor prognosis at 90 days following ICH. Serum secretoneurin levels were significantly higher in patients with poor outcome than in those with good outcome. Under the ROC curve, serum secretoneurin levels significantly differentiated poor outcome. Serum secretoneurin levels ≥ 22.8 ng/mL distinguished patients at risk of poor prognosis at 90 days with a sensitivity of 66.2% and a specificity of 81.0%. Besides, serum secretoneurin levels independently predicted a 90-day poor prognosis. Subgroup analysis showed that serum secretoneurin levels had non-significant interactions with other variables. The nomogram, including independent prognostic predictors, showed reliable prognosis capability using calibration curve and decision curve. Area under the curve of the predictive model was significantly higher than those of GCS scores and hematoma volume.
CONCLUSION: Serum secretoneurin levels are strongly related to ICH severity and poor prognosis at 90 days after ICH. Thus, serum secretoneurin may be a promising prognostic biomarker in ICH.
Severely injured patients (ISS \> 16) and their relatives. Relatives are defined as on of the following: spouse/partner, son/daughter, parent, sibling, cousin.
Currently, pregnant women have to sign a consent stating that they want the influenza vaccine (at the clinics where the study is being conducted). Therefore, this group is the same as usual care. However, women will then be asked if they would like to take part in parts 2 and 3 of the study.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an IgE production inhibitor and IgE production-inhibiting food and beverage that can be expected to have excellent antiallergic action and also to provide an antiallergic agent and antiallergic food and beverage.  <P>SOLUTION: The IgE production inhibitor that includes Bifidobacterium catenulatum as an active ingredient. The IgE production inhibiting food and beverage that includes the IgE production inhibiting agent. The antiallergic agent that includes Bifidobacterium catenulatum as an active ingredient. The antiallergic food or beverage that includes the antiallergic agent.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Upwards of 43% of persons with major depressive disorder (MDD) are daily smokers who are more likely to smoke heavily, show greater tobacco dependence, suffer more severe withdrawal, and experience lower quit rates than smokers without MDD. Little is known about treatment strategies that might optimize smoking cessation for smokers with MDD because almost all randomized clinical trials have excluded these smokers. This project answers many prominent but largely unanswered calls over the last decade to address tobacco dependence in persons with mental health disorders, especially major depressive disorder (MDD). Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized design, the investigators will evaluate the efficacy of behavioral activation for smoking cessation (BASC) plus varenicline for treating tobacco dependence in smokers with current or lifetime MDD. Three hundred and thirty daily (≥1 cigarettes/day) smokers will be randomized to receive 12 weeks of one of four treatments: 1) Standard behavioral cessation treatment (ST) + placebo; 2) Behavioral activation integrated with ST (BASC) + placebo; 3) ST + varenicline; or 4) BASC + varenicline. Both BASC and ST will be administered in eight 45 minute sessions, occurring weekly for the first four weeks and biweekly for the final eight weeks. Randomization will be stratified on clinical site (Northwestern, University of Pennsylvania), gender, and severity of depressive symptoms (minimal/mild vs. moderate/severe). The primary outcomes will be carbon monoxide (CO) verified 7-day point prevalence abstinence at 24-weeks post-quit. Additional aims include assessing adverse event rates between varenicline and placebo arms, and testing for mediation of treatment effects by anhedonia, cognitive function (attention and memory), cigarette reward value, and craving and withdrawal. This randomized controlled trial will be the first adequately powered trial of BASC in this population; the first trial to evaluate varenicline among a community sample of smokers with MDD; and the first trial to assess the main and combined effects of these two treatments.
PURPOSE:To increase the yield of serum with a quick blood coagulation and an improved separation between the serum and the blood clot by providing the inner wall surface of a plastic container for blood inspection with COOH. CONSTITUTION:100pt.wt. of resin such as polystylene and polyethylene is mixed with fatty acid with C12-C22 such as stearic acid or aromatic carbon or the like and molded to produce a blood inspection container having COOH on the inner wall surface thereof (containing it inside in this case). A compound having a COOH group is applied on the inner wall surface of the container made of a polymer alone after the molding. COOH is provided on the surface thereof by molding a copolymer of an organic acid having a copolymerizing unsaturated group. This eliminates possible damage as seen in the case of a glass container. A container easy to dispose by burning after use is obtained ensuring quick preparation of serum with a high yield.
PURPOSE:The titled remedy, prepared by adding a Japanese angelica root or an extract thereof to an adhesive high polymer containing Lithospermi Radix or an extract thereof as an active constituent, and bonding the resultant mixture to a support, and useful for treating external wounds, burns, KABURE, etc. CONSTITUTION:An adhesive remedy for dermatopathy obtained by adding a Japanese angelica root or an extract thereof to an adhesive high polymeric layer, e.g. a acrylic adhesive, containing Lithospermi Radix or an extract thereof as an active constituent, and further adding at least one selected from the group of lard, beeswax, sesame oil and honey as a plasticizer of the adhesive high polymer with the resultant mixture, and bonding the resultant mixture to a support, e.g. paper or cloth. The formulation eliminates the disadvantages of the conventional Lithosperi Radix pharmaceutical that the application to the skin is difficult and the clothing is stained. Furthermore, there is no pain in peeling the pharmaceutical and the newly formed epidermis will not be damaged at the same time.
BACKGROUND: Ureteric stone is responsible for around 20% of urinary tract stones and among them 70% of these are located in distal portion of the ureter. Stone causing ureter obstruction produce inflammatory changes in ureteric wall and prevent spontaneous passage of stone. The objective of the study is to compare the predictive role of procalcitonin and Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for spontaneous passage of stone.
MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: Total 150 participants having ureteric stone of 4-8 mm, were included in prospective observational study. The patients were followed up for 4 weeks. Spontaneous Stone Passage (SSP) was confirmed with either the patient collecting the stone during urination or by Non-Contrast CT performed at 4 weeks. Blood samples of the patients were analysed and White blood cells, sedimentation, Neutrophile to Lymphocyte (NLR), procalcitonin level compared to analyse predictors of future SSP.
RESULT: The procalcitonin levels of the Spontaneous stone passing SSP (-ve) group (209.05 ± 78.45 pg/ml) were significantly higher than the not passing the SSP (+ve) group (130.76 ± 24.18) (p < 0.001). NLR is significantly higher in the SSP -ve (3.84 ± 0.41) than the SSP +ve (2.18 ± 0.38) group (p < 0.001). In single and multivariate analysis, significant activity was found for procalcitonin in SP +ve group.
CONCLUSION: The findings of the study suggests that high level of procalcitonin, and high NLR have a negative effect on passage of stone. So early intervention can be planned to these patients to prevent complications.
BACKGROUND: Acute lumbar sprain (ALS) is common musculoskeletal disorder characterized by severe low back pain and activity limitation, which significantly impacts the patient's work and life. Immediate relief of pain and restoration of mobility in a short period of time are the main needs of patients when they visit the clinic. This study aims to evaluate the immediate efficacy of this combined treatment for ALS within 10 minutes.
METHODS: This is a single-center, prospective, randomized clinical trial. 128 eligible patients with ALS will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either the auricular acupuncture (AA) group or the sham auricular acupuncture (SAA) group. All patients will receive a single 10-minute treatment. The primary outcome will be the change in pain intensity after 10 minutes of treatment. The secondary outcomes include changes in pain intensity at other time points (2, 5 minutes), changes in lumbar range of motion (ROM) at different time points, blinded assessment, treatment effect expectancy scale evaluation, and treatment satisfaction scale evaluation. All participants will be included in the analysis according to the intention-to-treat principle.
DISCUSSION: This is the first randomized controlled trial to assess the immediate efficacy of AA combined with active exercise for ALS. The findings of this study are expected to provide a simple and rapid treatment for ALS in clinical.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2400083740. Registered 30 April 2024.
PURPOSE: An oxidative hair colorant is provided to improve leveling property by paraphenylene diamine and 2,4-diaminophenoxy ethanol because a first agent with an alkalinity of 9.0 or less contains arginine. CONSTITUTION: An oxidative hair colorant is an alkaline oxidative hair colorant containing: a first agent containing paraphenylene diamine and 2,4-diaminophenoxy ethanol; and a second agent containing an oxidizing agent. The first agent has an alkalinity of 9.0 or less and contains arginine. The pH concentration of the oxidative hair colorant is 11.0 or less. The first agent contains 5 mass% or less of arginine. The first agent contains ammonia.
OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the optimal dose of doxorubicin HCl liposomal and prolonged oral etoposide in patients with recurrent or persistent ovarian, tubal, and peritoneal carcinoma. II. Determine the nature and degree of toxicity of this therapy in these patients. III. Evaluate the response rate of patients with measurable disease.

OUTLINE: This is a dose escalation, multicenter study of etoposide and doxorubicin HCl liposome. Patients receive doxorubicin HCl liposome IV over 1 hour on day 1, followed by oral etoposide for 8-14 days beginning on day 2. For patients who achieve partial or complete response, treatment repeats every 4 weeks for 1 year in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. For patients with stable disease, treatment repeats every 4 weeks for 6 months. In the absence of dose limiting toxicity (DLT) in the first 3 patients treated, subsequent cohorts of 3-6 patients each receive doses of etoposide for more prolonged periods. After 14 days of oral etoposide, the dose of doxorubicin HCl liposome is escalated. The maximum tolerated dose is defined as the dose preceding that at which 2 of 6 patients experience DLT. Patients are followed every 3 months for 1 year, then until death.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 24 patients will be accrued for this study within 1 year.
BACKGROUND: Children requiring kidney replacement therapy experience high burden of cardiovascular (CV) disease leading to increased mortality. Intima-media thickness (IMT) indicating atherosclerosis is a validated surrogate marker for future CV events.
METHODS: We investigated the effect of different treatment modalities (dialysis, preemptive kidney transplantation (KTx), late KTx after dialysis) on IMT by multivariable linear mixed-effect modeling. Patients were enrolled in a prospective cohort study.
RESULTS: A total of 261 analyzed children had a mean follow-up of 3 y. Children after preemptive and late KTx had lower levels of IMT when compared with dialysis. Using an interaction term, a significant progression of IMT over time was seen during dialysis (β = 0.0053 mm/y, P   =  0.004). IMT before the start of therapy was the most influential determinant in all models. Low IMT was associated with maintenance steroid treatment after preemptive KTx. High IMT on dialysis was associated with higher systolic blood pressure, lower body mass index, lower serum albumin, and lower bicarbonate.
CONCLUSIONS: IMT remained rather stable in children several years after KTx. In contrast, children on dialysis had higher IMT values, which increased over time. In these children, blood pressure control, calorie and protein intake, and acid-base homeostasis seem important. Taken together, children might profit from early transplantation to limit accumulation of CV risk.
Group 2 will receive 3, one-month courses of prednisone (20 mg daily x 1 week, 10 mg daily x 1 week, 5 mg x 2 weeks). These will be given at the beginning of months 0, 2, and 4 and will be self-administered.
PURPOSE: The optimal drug regimen and sequence are still unknown for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who are candidates for third-line (3L) or subsequent treatment. The aim of this study is to know the opinion of experts on the most appropriate treatment options for mCRC in 3L and to clarify certain clinical decisions in Spain.
METHODS: Using a modified Delphi method, a group of experts discussed the treatment in 3L of patients with mCRC and developed a questionnaire with 21 items divided into 5 sections.
RESULTS: After 2 rounds, the 67 panelists consulted agreed on 17 items (81%). They considered that the main objective of 3L is to equally increase survival and improve patients' quality of life (QoL), but preferably the QoL. It was agreed that patients with mCRC in 3L prefer to receive active versus symptomatic treatment. Panelists considered trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) to be the best oral treatment available to them in 3L. In patients with MSI-H or dMMR and BRAF V600E, the panelists mostly prefer targeted treatments. Panelists agreed the use of a therapeutic sequence that not only increases outcomes but also allows patients to be treated later. Finally, it was agreed that FTD/TPI has a mechanism of action that allows it to be used in patients refractory to previous treatment with 5-fluorouracil.
CONCLUSION: The experts agreed with most of the proposed items on 3L treatment of mCRC, prioritizing therapeutic options that increase survival and preserve QoL, while facilitating the possibility that patients can continue to be treated later.
The use of phytomedicine in cancer therapy is a growing field of research that takes use of the medicinal properties of plant-derived compounds. Under the domain of cancer therapy and management, alkaloids, a prominent group of natural compounds, have showed significant potential. Alkaloids often affect a wide range of essential cellular mechanisms involved in cancer progression. These multi-targeting capabilities, can give significant advantages to alkaloids in overcoming resistance mechanisms. For example, berberine, an alkaloid found in Berberis species, is widely reported to induce apoptosis by activating caspases and regulating apoptotic pathways. Notably, alkaloids like as quinine have showed promise in inhibiting the formation of new blood vessels required for tumor growth. In addition, alkaloids have shown anti-proliferative and anticancer properties mostly via modulating key signaling pathways involved in metastasis, including those regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. This work provides a comprehensive overview of naturally occurring alkaloids that exhibit anticancer properties, with a specific emphasis on their underlying molecular mechanisms of action. Furthermore, many methods to modify previously reported difficult physicochemical properties using nanocarriers in order to enhance its systemic bioavailability have been discussed as well. This study also includes information on newly discovered alkaloids that are now being studied in clinical trials for their potential use in cancer treatment. Further, we have also briefly mentioned on the application of high-throughput screening and molecular dynamics simulation for acceleration on the identification of potent alkaloids based compounds to target and treat cancer.
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is recognized as the most frequently reported and distressing symptom among cancer patients. CRF is particularly prevalent in patients undergoing chemotherapy, reported to affect 82-100% of such patients, which in some cases may lead to treatment interruption or discontinuation. If CRF is left untreated during chemotherapy, patients are more likely to have clinically significant CRF that persists for months and years after the treatment. CRF has pervasive impact on a patient's mood, ability to perform daily activities, social relationships, and quality of life (QoL). It also imposes significant financial burden by limiting a patient's ability to work. CRF has been shown to be a risk factor of cancer recurrence and shortened survival. In view of its high prevalence and negative impact, combined with growing survival rates, CRF can be considered as a major public health concern.

Aerobic exercise is the most recommended non-pharmacological strategy for CRF, but it has practical limitations due to a number of barriers to exercise during cancer treatment. Self-administered acupressure is emerging as a promising new strategy for reducing CRF in post-treatment disease-free cancer survivors, but has not been tested rigorously among cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Both exercise and acupressure are inexpensive and safe self-management strategies that can alleviate CRF and co-occurring cancer symptoms, but as acupressure demands less energy, it may thus be acceptable for a wider range of patients undergoing chemotherapy and experiencing CRF. While previous RCTs on acupressure have focused on post-treatment cancer patients, studies targeting patients undergoing cancer treatment are scarce. A rigorously designed RCT of self-administered acupressure among patients receiving chemotherapy is warranted. To date, no study has examined the equivalence of self-administered acupressure and exercise for reducing CRF. Knowledge of the equivalence of aerobic exercise and acupressure for relieving CRF has important clinical implications that could allow practitioners to target recommendations on the basis of patient preference for a particular type of self-care management.

The primary aim of this study is to determine whether self-administered acupressure has effects equivalent to aerobic exercise on CRF in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The hypothesis of this study is self-administered acupressure and aerobic exercise demonstrate equivalent effects on CRF. Secondary outcomes include sleep disturbance (self-reported and objective), activity levels (self-reported and objective), QoL, cognitive impairment, return to work, chemotherapy completion, and adherence to the intervention.