anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
In a feasibility study the investigators analyze the impact of exercise and ablation in patients with symptomatic short-persistent atrial fibrillation and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Patients will be randomized into 2 groups: (1) A control group receiving ablation therapy, and (2) a group receiving ablation therapy and a combination of endurance, strength and respiratory training. The investigators will include 20 patients/group. All patients will receive a smart watch to monitor heart rate and trigger ECG recordings during symptomatic episodes. Smart watch monitoring will be done for 4 weeks. Then all patients will receive baseline examination with laboratory markers, lung function testing, echocardiography, measurement of pulse wave velocity, and screening for sleep apnea. All patients will receive simultaneous cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and exercise right heart catheterization (exRHC) followed by ablation therapy. Patients will then be randomized into a training and control group. After 2 weeks all patients will receive outpatient CPET to assess changes of VO2peak compared to baseline.

The training group will receive home-based, video-supervised exercise training with a combination of endurance, strength and respiratory training (5x/week). The control group will receive standard recommendations on physical activity. Smart watch monitoring will be continued in all groups until the end of the study. After 12 weeks of training intervention, all groups will undergo echocardiography, lung function testing, measurement of pulse wave velocity and exRHC with simultaneous CPET. All patients will receive 24h Holter monitoring at the end of the study. During exRHC lactate kinetics will be analyzed and improvement of lactate thresholds through exercise training will be determined. The primary outcome is the improvement of VO2peak in the groups. Secondary outcomes are improvements in the ratio of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure/cardiac output (PAWP/CO) and mean pulmonary artery pressure/CO (mPAP/CO). Burden of atrial fibrillation in the groups will also be assessed. All groups will receive optimal drug therapy.

The investigators expect that a combined approach of ablation and exercise training will better improve VO2peak through central (ablation) and peripheral (exercise training) adaptations.
In an aspect, a method of manufacture of a pharmaceutically acceptable solid composition containing daptomycin includes drying an aqueous solution containing (i) water, (ii) the daptomycin, (iii) sorbitol in an amount of about 1.2 wt. % to about 9.0 wt. % of total volume of the aqueous composition and (iv) mannitol in an amount of about 0.6 wt. % to about 9.5 wt. % of total volume of the aqueous composition to form the solid composition. The drying can include an sublimation drying of about −25° C. to about 50° C. for a time period of about 15 hours to about 120 hours, most preferably about 15° C. for about 20 hours, optionally preceded and/or followed by one or more additional drying steps. Other aspects are the solid composition containing the daptomycin and also methods of treating a bacterial infection including administering a pharmaceutically acceptable product made by reconstituting the solid composition.
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition for UV protection containing vegetable essential oil is provided to ensure vermin repellent effect and to suppress access of pest and UV. CONSTITUTION: A cosmetic composition for UV protection contains v0.001-10 weight% of vegetable essential oil ingredient and UV protecting agent. The plant essential oil ingredient is obtained from citronella, geranium, lavender, peppermint, basil, cedarwood, clove, or mixture thereof. The essential oil ingredient is obtained by extracting, distilling, or decompressing. The UV protector is zinc oxide, titanium oxide, para-aminobenzoic acid, octyl Methoxycinnamate, butylmethoxybenzoylmethane, octyl salicylate or benzophenone. The cosmetic composition further contains surfactant, silicon oil, moisture agent, perform, and antiseptic.
Pregnancy Category C

In animal studies, levetiracetam produced evidence of developmental toxicity at doses similar to or greater than human therapeutic doses.

Administration to female rats throughout pregnancy and lactation was associated with increased incidences of minor fetal skeletal abnormalities and retarded offspring growth pre- and/or postnatally at doses ≥350 mg/kg/day (approximately equivalent to the maximum recommended human dose of 3000 mg [MRHD] on a mg/m² basis) and with increased pup mortality and offspring behavioral alterations at a dose of 1800 mg/kg/day (6 times the MRHD on a mg/m² basis). The developmental no effect dose was 70 mg/kg/day (0.2 times the MRHD on a mg/m² basis). There was no overt maternal toxicity at the doses used in this study.

Treatment of pregnant rabbits during the period of organogenesis resulted in increased embryofetal mortality and increased incidences of minor fetal skeletal abnormalities at doses ≥600 mg/kg/day (approximately 4 times MRHD on a mg/m² basis) and in decreased fetal weights and increased incidences of fetal malformations at a dose of 1800 mg/kg/day (12 times the MRHD on a mg/m² basis). The developmental no effect dose was 200 mg/kg/day (1.3 times the MRHD on a mg/m² basis). Maternal toxicity was also observed at 1800 mg/kg/day.

When pregnant rats were treated during the period of organogenesis, fetal weights were decreased and the incidence of fetal skeletal variations was increased at a dose of 3600 mg/kg/day (12 times the MRHD). 1200 mg/kg/day (4 times the MRHD) was a developmental no effect dose. There was no evidence of maternal toxicity in this study.

Treatment of rats during the last third of gestation and throughout lactation produced no adverse developmental or maternal effects at doses of up to 1800 mg/kg/day (6 times the MRHD on a mg/m² basis).

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Levetiracetam should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Pregnancy Registries

To provide information regarding the effects of in utero exposure to LEVETIRACETAM TABLETS, physicians are advised to recommend that pregnant patients taking LEVETIRACETAM TABLETS enroll in the North American Antiepileptic Drug (NAAED) pregnancy registry. This can be done by calling the toll free number 1-888-233-2334, and must be done by the patients themselves. Information on the registry can also be found at the website http://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org/.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a polyclonal immunoglobulin according to a recombinant DNA technique adaptable to production of an immunoglobulin pharmaceutical preparation.  <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of species of genes encoding a polypeptide containing mutually different immunoglobulin variable regions are isolated. The resultant gene mixture is brought into contact with a vector and integrated to prepare a plurality of species of recombinant vectors corresponding to the various immunoglobulin variable regions and prepare a recombinant vector mixture. The resultant recombinant vector mixture is then brought into contact with a suitable host cell and transduced to prepare a plurality of species of recombinants corresponding to the various immunoglobulin variable regions and prepare a recombinant mixture. The obtained recombinant mixture is finally mixed and cultured to express a plurality of species of polypeptides corresponding to the various immunoglobulin variable regions in the recombinants. A polypeptide mixture thereof is prepared to produce the artificial polyclonal immunoglobulin.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy has shown rapid, frequent, and deep responses in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). However, relapse frequently occurs following CAR-T therapy, and the cause of this resistance is not well defined. Among the potential mechanisms of resistance, T cell intrinsic factors may be an important source of failure. Here we used spectral flow cytometry to identify the changes in T cell phenotypes in bone marrow aspirates at different stages of multiple myeloma progression, including cases that relapsed after anti-BCMA CAR-T therapy. We identified completely different T cell phenotypes in RRMM and post CAR-T relapse cases compared to healthy donors and earlier stages of multiple myeloma, novel double-negative CD3+ T cells in RRMM and CAR-T relapsed cases, and differences in CD8 T cell phenotype at the baseline between peripheral blood and bone marrow from healthy donors. We found that the majority of T cells in RRMM patients and significant T cell subsets in post-CAR-T relapsed patients expressed multiple coinhibitory markers, including PD1, TIGIT, 2B4, and KLRG1.
BACKGROUND: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) is the treatment of choice in patients with severe aortic stenosis. Transcarotid (TCa) or Trans-axillary/subclavian (TAx/Sc) are safer and less invasive non-femoral approaches, where transfemoral access is difficult or impossible to obtain.
METHODS: This meta-analysis was performed based on PRISMA guidelines after registering in PROSPERO (CRD42023482842). This meta-analysis was performed to compare the safety of the transcarotid and trans-axillary/subclavian approach for TAVR including studies from inception to October 2023.
RESULTS: Seven studies with a total of 6227 patients were included in the analysis (TCa: 2566; TAx/Sc: 3661). Transcarotid TAVR approach had a favorable trend for composite of stroke and all-cause mortality (OR 0.79, CI 0.60-1.04), all-cause mortality, stroke, major vascular complication, and new requirement of permanent pacemaker though those were statistically insignificant. On sub-analysis of the results of the studies based on the territory (USA vs French), composite outcome of all cause mortality, stroke and major bleeding (OR 0.54, CI 0.54-0.81), composite of stroke and all cause mortality (OR 0.64, CI 0.50-0.81), and stroke/TIA (OR 0.53, CI 0.39-0.73) showed lower odds of occurrence among patient managed with TCa approach in the American cohort.
CONCLUSION: Overall, transcarotid approach had favorable though statistically insignificant odds for composite (stroke and all-cause mortality) and individual outcomes (stroke, all-cause mortality, etc.). There are significant variations in observed outcomes based on study's geographic location. Large prospective randomized clinical trials comparing the two approaches with representative samples are necessary to guide the clinicians in choosing among these approaches.
OBJECTIVE: Bipolar disorder is a complex and severe mental illness characterised by manic and depressive episodes that can be triggered and exacerbated by psychosocial, environmental, and biological stressors. Genetic variations are a risk factor for bipolar disorder. However, the identification of the exact gene variants and genotypes remains complex. This study, therefore, aims to identify the potential association between genotypes of analysed single nucleotide polymorphisms and the presence of a stressor in bipolar disorder patients.
METHOD: We analysed 114 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from bipolar and stress-related candidate genes in 550 patients with bipolar disorders (60.36 % females and 39.64 % male). We compared SNPs of patients reporting the presence (40.73 %) or absence of stressors (59.27 %) before the first episode using the Persons Chi-square test and Bayes Factor t-test. The genotyping of 114 SNPs was done using TaqMan assays. Statistical analysis was done using Statistica 13.3 software (StatSoft Poland, Krakow, Poland), R programming, and G*Power statistics.
RESULT: We found significant differences in genotype distribution (p < 0.05) in 6 polymorphisms (AVPRIB/rs28536160, FKBP4/rs2968909, ADRA2A/rs3750625, 5HTR2A/rs6311, 5HTR2A/rs6313, and GLCCI1/rs37972) when comparing BD patient with and without stressor with a small effect of d = 0.2. Of these, two gene variants (ADRA2A/rs3750625/AC and AVPRIB/rs28536160/CT) with minor alleles formed an association with the presence of a stressor prior to the disease onset and favoured the alternative hypothesis using Bayes Factor Analysis t-test for hypothesis testing.
CONCLUSION: This study presents a novel association of ADRA2A/rs3750625/AC and AVPR1B/rs28536160/CT gene variants in stress-related bipolar disorder with the AC genotype of ADRA2A/rs3750625 constituting a risk genotype and CT of AVPR1B/rs28536160 constituting a protective genotype. However, further functional analysis is required to fully understand their clinical and biological significance and interaction.
OBJECTIVE: Alice in Wonderland syndrome (AIWS) profoundly affects human perception of size and scale, particularly regarding one's own body and the environment. Its neuroanatomical basis has remained elusive, partly because brain lesions causing AIWS can occur in different brain regions. Here, we aimed to determine if brain lesions causing AIWS map to a distributed brain network.
METHODS: A retrospective case-control study analyzing 37 cases of lesion-induced AIWS identified through systematic literature review was conducted. Using resting-state functional connectome data from 1,000 healthy individuals, the whole-brain connections of each lesion were estimated and contrasted with those from a control dataset comprising 1,073 lesions associated with 25 other neuropsychiatric syndromes. Additionally, connectivity findings from lesion-induced AIWS cases were compared with functional neuroimaging results from 5 non-lesional AIWS cases.
RESULTS: AIWS-associated lesions were located in various brain regions with minimal overlap (≤33%). However, the majority of lesions (≥85%) demonstrated shared connectivity to the right extrastriate body area, known to be selectively activated by viewing body part images, and the inferior parietal cortex, involved in size and scale judgements. This pattern was uniquely characteristic of AIWS when compared with other neuropsychiatric disorders (family-wise error-corrected p < 0.05) and consistent with functional neuroimaging observations in AIWS due to nonlesional causes (median correlation r = 0.56, interquartile range 0.24).
INTERPRETATION: AIWS-related perceptual distortions map to one common brain network, encompassing regions critical for body representation and size-scale processing. These findings lend insight into the neuroanatomical localization of higher-order perceptual functions, and may inform future therapeutic strategies for perceptual disorders. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:662-674.
PURPOSE:A stable hairdressing material suppressing oxidation during its storage period free from an offensive smell, containing a polyoxyalkylene derivative or its phosphoric ester as a main component, and, if necessary, 1-hydroxy-2-pyridone. CONSTITUTION:A hairdressing material containing (A) 5-70wt% polyoxyalkylene derivative, etc., (B) 0.1-5wt% compound shown by the formula (R1 is alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, benzhydryl, phenylsulfonylalkyl, furyl, etc.; R2 is H, alkyl, alkenyl, halogen, phenyl, etc.) and/or its salt. A compound obtained by s subjecting an alkylene oxide (preferably propylene oxide) to addition polymerization to water, mono- or polyhydric alcohol, or its phosphoric, sulfuric, or dibasic acid ester are preferably used as the component A. Neither the decomposition through oxidation of the component A nor an offensive smell will take place by the addition of the component B.
Briefly, at the beginning of an approximate three hour study visit, the qualified investigator (QI) / delegate will explain the study procedure to the participants and the participants will have an opportunity to ask questions regarding the study procedure. Following the explanation of the study, written informed consent will be collected at the beginning of visit 1. Participants who are deemed unable to provide consent will be provided an assent form and consent will be acquired from their parents/ legal guardians. During the study visit, participants will undergo: 1) brief medical history and clinical examination including questionnaires, 2) full pulmonary function tests, lung clearance testing (LCI), forced oscillation technique (FoT) and exercise testing, 3) proton MRI, 4) spin-density and/or diffusion-weighted 129Xe MRI, 5) Multiple-breath washout imaging. Qualified research team members will perform a clinical examination on the participant to record their vital statistics like age, gender, height, weight, heart rate, respiratory rate, oral temperature and blood pressure. The QI/delegate, during a brief conversation with the participant, will collect relevant medical history from the participant to make sure the participant meets all the inclusion/exclusion criteria for the study. The QI will also make sure that the participant understands the study procedure and is willing to participate in the study. Based on the clinical examination results, medical history and the pulmonary function test results, the QI/delegate will determine if all the inclusion/exclusion criteria are met to proceed with the MRI part of the study visit.
Catatonia is an underrecognized disorder that has been widely described as a psychomotor syndrome, with little emphasis on its thought and cognitive dimensions. The current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision describes only motor and behavioral presentations, whereas a few catatonia scales describe only one form of thought disorders, which is thought perseveration. Thought blocking, a disorder of the thought process, is characterized by regular interruptions in the thought stream. It was described by several scholars as a sign of schizophrenia, with few reports describing thought blocking in association with catatonia. In this article, we describe the course of a patient with bipolar I disorder who presented with catatonia and demonstrated thought blocking. Her catatonic symptoms and thought blocking improved with the addition of lorazepam, recurred upon lorazepam discontinuation, and improved with resumption of lorazepam, demonstrating a clear on/off phenomenon. This report highlights the importance of recognizing thought and cognitive manifestations of catatonia, as it can enhance recognition and improve treatment.
Exenatide, a promising cardioprotective agent, protects against cardiac structural remodeling and diastolic dysfunction. Combined blockade of sodium and potassium channels is valuable for managing atrial fibrillation (AF). Here, we explored whether exenatide displayed anti-AF effects by inhibiting human Kv1.5 and Nav1.5 channels. We used the whole-cell patch-clamp technique to investigate the effects of exenatide on hKv1.5 and hNav1.5 channels expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells and studied the effects of exenatide on action potential (AP) and other cardiac ionic currents in rat atrial myocytes. Additionally, an electrical mapping system was used to explore the effects of exenatide on electrical properties and AF activity in isolated rat hearts. Finally, a rat AF model, established using acetylcholine and calcium chloride, was employed to evaluate the anti-AF potential of exenatide in rats. Exenatide reversibly suppressed IKv1.5 with IC50 of 3.08 μM, preferentially blocked the hKv1.5 channel in its closed state, and positively shifted the voltage-dependent activation curve. Exenatide also reversibly inhibited INav1.5 with IC50 of 3.30 μM, negatively shifted the voltage-dependent inactivation curve, and slowed its recovery from inactivation with significant use-dependency at 5 and 10 Hz. Furthermore, exenatide prolonged AP duration and suppressed the sustained K+ current (Iss) and transient outward K+ current (Ito), but without inhibition of L-type Ca2+ current (ICa,L) in rat atrial myocytes. Exenatide prevented AF incidence and duration in rat hearts and rats. These findings demonstrate that exenatide inhibits IKv1.5 and INav1.5in vitro and reduces AF susceptibility in isolated rat hearts and rats.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a microemulsion preparation synergistically raised in medicinal delivery effect. SOLUTION: This micremulsion preparation is intended to increase medicinal absorption vivo through its administration to electroporation-applied site(s). The microemulsion comprises an aqueous phase (e.g. water, buffer solution), oily phase (e.g. soybean oil, fatty acid triglyceride), surfactant (e.g. polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil) and a medicinal agent. The particle size for the microemulsion is such that >=90% of the total particles falls within the range from 0.1 to 100nm in size. This microemulsion preparation stands integrated with electrodes for elecroporation. Electroporation develops fine holes serving as transmission route in the skin of mucous membrane, through which the medicinal agent encapsulated in the readily absorbable microemulsion fine particles are absorbed; thus yielding higher medicinal virtues.
Cancer survivors often suffer from prolonged and persistent symptom clusters that can include: pain, stress, depression, fatigue, and insomnia; symptoms that have each been associated with inflammation. The number of cancer survivors in the United States is expected to triple by the year 2030. Thus, there is a compelling need to develop and refine effective methods to promote high quality cancer survivorship. Dysregulation of autonomic function is a key pathophysiological 'common denominator' whereby many cancer-related symptoms likely converge. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a valid, noninvasive measure of autonomic function with established pathological and psychophysiological attributes. Reduced HRV is a known mortality risk factor, and about 80% of advanced cancer patients exhibit autonomic dysregulation. Cancer survivors with reduced HRV have increased mortality risk relative to those with normal HRV. HRV biofeedback (HRV-B) is an interactive procedure whereby patients learn to increase HRV and restore autonomic balance. HRV coherence refers to a state of optimum HRV rhythm that produces physiological entrainment of HRV, respiration, and the baroreflex. With HRV coherence, consecutive inter-beat intervals cycle from maximum to minimum and back to maximum over a period of about 10 seconds, which is associated with increased parasympathetic and decreased sympathetic tone, and a heightened state of well-being including improved affect, cognition, and executive function. Previous research suggests that HRV-B interventions may be useful for reducing symptoms of: chronic pain, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), heart disease, and insomnia. HRV-B thus represents a promising complementary, nonpharmacological therapy that merits examination for relief of chronic pain and related symptoms among cancer survivors.