anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
In this study, we established an experimental rat model to simulate orthodontic tooth movement relapse and a human periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLScs) model. Our aim was to explore the relationship between microRNA-146a (miR-146a) expression in periodontal tissue, the inflammatory factor interleukin-6 (IL-6), and orthodontic relapse subsequent to mechanical intervention. In the animal experiment, a total of 30 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to either the control group (n=6) or the model group (n=24). In the model group, the orthodontic appliance was removed 14 days after force application. Gingival crevicular fluid (GcF) and periodontal tissue samples were collected at intervals of days 0, 7, 14, and 21 following removal of the orthodontic appliance to assess alterations in miR-146a and IL-6 expressions. In the in vitro cell culture study, human premolar tooth tissue was isolated 24 hours following the addition of the transfection reagent to harvest PDLScs. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was employed to evaluate the expression levels of the miRNA-146a gene, while Western blot analysis was utilized to assess the production of the IL-6 protein. As a result in comparison to the control group, the protein expression of IL-6 notably escalated to its peak value in the model-day 7 group (p<0.05). Subsequently, although experiencing a slight decline, the IL-6 expression in the model-day 14 group remained significantly elevated compared to control group (p<0.05). In the model-day 21 group, the protein expression of IL-6 approached that of the control group, with no significant difference observed (p>0.05). conversely, in relation to the control group, the gene expression of miR-146a drastically decreased to its lowest point in the model-day 7 group (p<0.05). While exhibiting a slight increase, the miR-146a expression in the model-day 14 group remained significantly diminished compared to control group (p<0.05). Following the identification of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLcs) through immunofluorescence in the in vitro study, a subsequent experiment was conducted to specifically inhibit miR-146a expression. In comparison to the control group, the protein expression of IL-6 demonstrated a significant increase in the anti-miRNA oligodeoxyribonucleotide (AMO) group, where miR-146a expression was effectively suppressed (p<0.05). Throughout the process of orthodontic tooth movement relapse in rats, there was a notable reduction in the gene expression of miR-146a, accompanied by a significant increase in the expression of IL-6.
The invention discloses a gastrodia elata parishin extract freeze-dried powder injection. The freeze-dried powder injection contains a gastrodia elata parishin extract, selectively contains a freeze-drying excipient. Total content of parishin derivatives in the gastrodia elata parishin extract accounts for more than 50%. Weight percentage of the parishin derivatives in the freeze-dried powder injection accounts for 0.1% to 100%, preferably accounts for 50% to 100%. Also disclosed is a preparation method for the freeze-dried powder injection. The freeze-dried powder injection in invention is advantaged in good stability, easiness in storage and transport, precise curative effect and the like.
Belize is a country with a developing economy based primarily on agriculture and tourism. Crime and violence are emerging as a threat to the country's governance and business climate. The number of homicides in Belize have increased by more than 30% from 2003-2006. This notion of violence, in particular gang violence, is extremely concerning because the population of Belize is very young. Almost half of the population of Belize is under the age of 18. The youth of Belize are becoming engaged in criminal and delinquent behaviors at an early age that have both individual and societal consequences.

In addition to the violence rates among youth in Belize there is also an educational crisis that must be addressed. Education in Belize is compulsory between the ages of 5-14 and in 2001 93% of 5-14 year old children attended school. Although primary school is mandatory (up to age 14), only about 75% of youth complete primary school and only 25% graduate from secondary school. With few students completing high school it is likely that many may turn to gang related and other illegal activities if they are not prepared to undertake better job opportunities, have not been provided with environmental assets that protect from involvement in risky behavior, and if they are exposed to community/family values that condone gang activity. A number of studies have demonstrated that school-based interventions have moderate effects in reducing violence (average of d = .20 across studies). Combining a sound school-based intervention in Belize that is primarily targeted toward students and teachers, but combined with school-based community/family components designed to heighten awareness of the necessity of protective assets, implemented with local and international support teams, and that fosters positive norms may enhance the effects.
The invention relates to novel modified release multiple unit systems, and methods of preparing these systems, which can be easily compressed into tablets or filled into capsules or sachets without affecting the desired release characteristics of the pharmaceutical active ingredients incorporated within the systems. The multiple unit tablet includes multiple units. Each unit includes at least one core having an outer surface, a first coating layer surrounding at least a portion of the outer surface of the core and having an outer surface, one or more rate controlling polymers, and one or more one active pharmaceutical ingredients. The coating layer includes one or both of the one or more active pharmaceutical ingredients and the one or more rate controlling polymers. The tablet may further include an outer layer on the outer surface of the unit which includes a material that is one or both of elastic and compressible. The material may be a wax materials, such as polyethylene glycol’s (PEGS).
Venlafaxine extended-release tablets are extended-release tablets for oral administration that contain venlafaxine hydrochloride, USP a structurally novel antidepressant. Venlafaxine hydrochloride,USP is a selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). It is designated (R/S)-1-[2-(dimethylamino)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl] cyclohexanol hydrochloride or (±)1-[α- [(dimethylamino)methyl]-p-methoxybenzyl] cyclohexanol hydrochloride and has the empirical formula of C17H27NO2 HCl. Its molecular weight is 313.87. The structural formula is shown below.

Venlafaxine hydrochloride

Venlafaxine hydrochloride, USP is a white to off-white crystalline solid with a solubility of 572 mg/mL in water (adjusted to ionic strength of 0.2 M with sodium chloride). Its octanol:water (0.2 M sodium chloride) partition coefficient is 0.43.

Venlafaxine extended-release tablets are formulated as extended-release tablet for once-a-day oral administration. Venlafaxine extended-release tablets is a matrix with reservoir drug delivery system. It contains hydrophilic polymers surrounded by an insoluble, but permeable coat. When administer orally, the soluble component of the coat gets dissolved and fluid from the gastrointestinal tract enters in the tablet through the porous coat and hydrates the polymers to swell. Drug gets slowly released from the tablet in to the system by diffusion process and erosion of the polymeric matrix resulting in robust drug release.

Tablets contain venlafaxine hydrochloride, USP equivalent to 75 mg, 150 mg and 225 mg venlafaxine. Inactive ingredients consist of colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, hypromellose and microcrystalline cellulose.

Imprinting ink contains ammonium hydroxide, black iron oxide, isopropyl alcohol, N-butyl alcohol, propylene glycol and shellac.

Film-coating material contains ammonium hydroxide, ethyl cellulose 20cP, hypromellose, medium chain triglycerides, oleic acid, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, talc and titanium dioxide.
We have identified inherited mutations in genes of the telomere repair complex in patients with acquired aplastic anemia. These mutations diminish the ability of cells to repair the ends of chromosomes, called telomeres, which normally shorten with each cell division. Mutations in TERC, the gene which encodes for the RNA template of the complex; in TERT, the gene for the enzyme in the complex, and also in the Schwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome gene (SBDS), which we believe to be associated with telomere repair, lead to reduced telomerase activity, diminished numbers of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow, and presumably also a deficiency in the ability of cells to respond to immunological attack and destruction of the hematopoietic system.

This laboratory research protocol will allow us to evaluate whether similar gene mutations might underlie other autoimmune diseases, here specifically, inflammatory bowel disease, which share broad pathophysiologic features with immune-mediated aplastic anemia. We will directly assess by DNA sequencing suspect genes (TERC, TERT, SBDS, DNA helicases and others) in buccal mucosal samples obtained from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Analyses from large numbers of controls have defined polymorphisms for these genes. IBD samples will allow us to determine whether mutations in these genes are more prevalent in this patient population and to test the hypotheses that telomere repair defects underlie human autoimmunity, or that these genes are specifically involved in hematology as risks factors for bone marrow failure.
Multidisciplinary rounds are events that occur daily in Intensive care units. During these events, practitioners from multiple disciplines meet at a pre-specified time to discuss current medical condition and plans of care. At the conclusion of these discussions, all practitioners are expected to understand the plan of care well enough to execute defined tasks, but also coordinate as circumstances change. In order to coordinate under changing circumstances practitioners must have a broader understanding of the current state of the patient and how likely certain deteriorations are. This synthetic understanding of patient risks across multi-provider groups has been described as anticipatory team situational awareness (Team SA). One instrument has been validated in the ICU as feasible and informative. This Team SA survey successfully identified that the time spent in "training" discussions improved Team SA across physician groups. The investigators' goal is to implement this survey across the investigators' medical ICU service to obtain a baseline estimate of how effective current communication patterns are for achieving concordant Team SA. If gaps in communication are encountered future interventions will be developed
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The chemotherapy agent oxaliplatin can give rise to oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN). Here, we investigated whether T-type calcium channels (Cav3) contribute to OIPN.
EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: We chronically treated mice with oxaliplatin and assessed pain responses and changes in expression of Cav3.2 calcium channels. We also tested the effects of T-type channel blockers on cold sensitivity in wild-type and Cav3.2 null mice.
KEY RESULTS: Oxaliplatin treatment led to mechanical and cold hypersensitivity in male and female mice. Mechanical hypersensitivity persisted in Cav3.2 null mice of both sexes. Intraperitoneal or intrathecal delivery of pan T-type channel inhibitors attenuated mechanical hypersensitivity in wild-type but not Cav3.2 null mice. Remarkably cold hypersensitivity occurred in female but not male Cav3.2 null mice even without oxaliplatin treatment. Unexpectedly, intrathecal, intraplantar or intraperitoneal delivery of T-type channel inhibitors Z944 or TTA-P2 transiently induced cold hypersensitivity in both male and female wild-type mice. Acute knockdown of specific Cav3 isoforms revealed that the depletion of Cav3.1 in males and depletion of either Cav3.1 or Cav3.2 in females triggered cold hypersensitivity. Finally, reducing Cav3.2 expression by disrupting the interactions between Cav3.2 and the deubiquitinase USP5 with the small organic molecule II-2 reversed oxaliplatin-induced mechanical and cold hypersensitivity and importantly did not trigger cold allodynia.
CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Altogether, our data indicate that T-type channels differentially contribute to the regulation of cold and mechanical hypersensitivity, and raise the possibility that T-type channel blockers could promote cold allodynia.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of pre- and postoperative supervised pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) on the recovery of continence and pelvic floor muscle (PFM) function after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: We carried out a single-blind randomised controlled trial involving 54 male patients scheduled to undergo RARP. The intervention group started supervised PFMT 2 months before RARP and continued for 12 months after surgery with a physiotherapist. The control group was given verbal instructions, a brochure about PFMT, and lifestyle advice. The primary outcome was 24-h pad weight (g) at 3 months after RARP. The secondary outcomes were continence status (assessed by pad use), PFM function, and the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) score.
RESULTS: Patients who participated in supervised PFMT showed significantly improved postoperative urinary incontinence (UI) compared with the control group (5.0 [0.0-908.0] g vs 21.0 [0.0-750.0] g; effect size: 0.34, P = 0.022) at 3 months after RARP based on 24-h pad weight. A significant improvement was seen in the intervention compared with the control group (65.2% continence [no pad use] vs 31.6% continence, respectively) at 12 months after surgery (effect size: 0.34, P = 0.030). Peak pressure during a maximum voluntary contraction was higher in the intervention group immediately after catheter removal and at 6 months, and a longer duration of sustained contraction was found in the intervention group compared with the control group. We were unable to demonstrate a difference between groups in EPIC scores.
CONCLUSION: Supervised PFMT can improve postoperative UI and PFM function after RARP. Further studies are needed to confirm whether intra-anal pressure reflects PFM function and affects continence status in UI in men who have undergone RARP.
PURPOSE: To obtain a chewable tablet enabling easy crush into fine pieces by an old person or infant who is weak in power for crushing with teeth by forming crushable parts in the tablet. CONSTITUTION: This chewable tablet has crushable parts which are crushed more easily than the parts other than the crushable parts by indefinite forces such as pressing power, shearing power and bending power, which work on indefinite places such as the upper face, lower face or side face of the chewable tablet by chewing it in mouth. The chewable tablet having crushable parts has a disk-shape or ring-shape in its appearance. The crushable parts have at least one groove of parallel streak-state, radial state, concentric state or the combination of these states at least one place. The crushable part has a structure having weaker mechanical strength than the parts other than the crushable parts and/or a structure in which stresses converge into some point.  Accordingly, the chewable tablet having crushable parts is easily crushed when the indefinite forces are applied on indefinite places by chewing and even a person, who is weak in power for crushing with the teeth, can easily take it orally.
Tazarotene is a retinoid prodrug that is converted to its active form, the cognate carboxylic acid of tazarotene, by rapid deesterification in animals and man. Tazarotenic acid binds to all 3 members of the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) family: RARα, RARβ, and RARγ but shows relative selectivity for RARβ and RARγ and may modify gene expression. The clinical significance of these findings is unknown.

The mechanism of tazarotene action in acne vulgaris is not defined. However, the basis of tazarotene's therapeutic effect in acne may be due to its anti-hyperproliferative, normalizing-of-differentiation and anti-inflammatory effects. Tazarotene inhibited corneocyte accumulation in rhino mouse skin and cross- linked envelope formation in cultured human keratinocytes. The clinical significance of these findings is unknown.
In this study, the intervention group will be given comprehensive training in addition to standard conservative follow-up (pain spasm pain cycle, pain does not always mean that there is a problem, tissue repair, fall prevention, lower extremity classical massage, muscle relaxation relaxation methods, respiratory control), while the control group will be followed only with conservative treatment applications (muscle strengthening, stretching). The applications will be performed with 10 repetitions each day.
OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the maximum tolerated dose of bizelesin in patients with advanced cancer. II. Determine the qualitative and quantitative toxic effects of this therapy in these patients. III. Determine the pharmacokinetics of this therapy in these patients. IV. Determine the recommended dose of this drug for phase II trials. V. Determine the antitumor effects of this therapy in these patients.

OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study. Patients receive bizelesin IV on day 1. Courses repeat every 4 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Cohorts of 3-6 patients receive escalating doses of bizelesin until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is determined. The MTD is defined as the dose preceding that at which 2 of 3 or 6 patients experience dose-limiting toxicity.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: Approximately 30 patients will be accrued for this study.
Albiglutide once weekly by subcutaneous injection. Starting dose 30 mg may be increased to 50 mg if needed. Albiglutide will be administered in addition to standard therapy for diabetes and cardiovascular health.
Surgical Related Muscle Loss (SRML) is a prevalent complication following surgery, defined by a 10 percent or more reduction in muscle mass in at least one arm and one leg muscle by the seventh day postoperatively. Older patients undergoing gastric cancer resection, at higher risk due to insufficient preoperative muscle mass, are more susceptible to SRML under surgical stress. This not only affects limb muscles but also impacts swallowing muscles, contributing to increased postoperative complications and mortality rates. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) has emerged as a multidisciplinary approach to facilitate postoperative recovery. This study aims to optimize oral nutrition under the ERAS model to observe its impact on SRML. BCAA is essential for skeletal muscles. However, there is limited research on the oral BCAA, whether before or after surgery, concerning SRML and its associated complications.

The investigators entails an 18-month randomized controlled trial with 200 participants. One hundred individuals will take 3160 mg of BCAA daily 14 days before surgery. After surgery, they can progress to a clear liquid diet around postoperative day five while continuing BCAA until 30 days postoperatively. The other one hundred participants will not receive BCAA. The study aims to investigate whether oral BCAA can reduce SRML, muscle loss, and decrease swallowing muscle strength, with observations on postoperative complications and outcomes within one year.

Regarding the swallowing measurement, high-resolution impedance manometry, the most accurate tool for assessing swallowing muscle strength, will be used. The ultrasound will also be used to investiagte the muscle loss. We will also investigate the genome associated BCAA study.
Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) is a globally important fungal wheat pathogen. Some wheat genotypes contain powdery mildew resistance (Pm) genes encoding immune receptors that recognize specific fungal-secreted effector proteins, defined as avirulence (Avr) factors. Identifying Avr factors is vital for understanding the mechanisms, functioning, and durability of wheat resistance. Here, we present AvrXpose, an approach to identify Avr genes in Bgt by generating gain-of-virulence mutants on Pm genes. We first identified six Bgt mutants with gain of virulence on Pm3b and Pm3c. They all had point mutations, deletions or insertions of transposable elements within the corresponding AvrPm3b2/c2 gene or its promoter region. We further selected six mutants on Pm3a, aiming to identify the yet unknown AvrPm3a3 recognized by Pm3a, in addition to the previously described AvrPm3a2/f2. Surprisingly, Pm3a virulence in the obtained mutants was always accompanied by an additional gain of virulence on the unrelated tandem kinase resistance gene WTK4. No virulence toward 11 additional R genes tested was observed, indicating that the gain of virulence was specific for Pm3a and WTK4. Several independently obtained Pm3a-WTK4 mutants have mutations in Bgt-646, a gene encoding a putative, nonsecreted ankyrin repeat-containing protein. Gene expression analysis suggests that Bgt-646 regulates a subset of effector genes. We conclude that Bgt-646 is a common factor required for avirulence on both a specific nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat and a WTK immune receptor. Our findings suggest that, beyond effectors, another type of pathogen protein can control the race-specific interaction between powdery mildew and wheat. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
The preferable method of use is to apply SA 6% thoroughly to the affected area and to cover the treated area at night after washing and before retiring. Preferably, the skin should be hydrated for a least five minutes prior to application. The medication is washed off in the morning and if excessive drying and/or irritation is observed, a bland cream or lotion may be applied. Once clearing is apparent, the occasional use of SA 6% will usually maintain the remission. In those areas where occlusion is difficult or impossible, application may be made more frequently; hydration by wet packs or baths prior to application apparently enhances the effect. (See WARNINGS.) Unless hands are being treated, hands should be rinsed thoroughly after application.  Excessive repeated application of SA 6% will not necessarily increase its therapeutic benefit, but could result in increased local intolerance and systemic adverse effects such as salicylism.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a nebulizer system capable of providing an effective and optimum service to a home-care patient.  <P>SOLUTION: The nebulizer 1 includes a peak flow meter to measure the respiratory function of the patient, and the nebulizer being an inhalation device of a medical solution. The patient inhales in through a blow-in part 18 of the peak flow meter to measure the respiratory function and inhales the medical solution in a medical solution bottle 14 inserted into the insertion port 13 of the medical solution bottle through a nebulizer inhalation port 16. The open air is simultaneously measured by a temperature sensor 19 and a humidity sensor 20. These measurement data and inhalation record data are transmitted to a server from an outside connection part and health sites of the patient based on the data are opened on a network. The patient can receive suitable instruction from a doctor on the network and also receive the supply of the medical solution from a service pharmacy at an appropriate timing.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
I-gel LMA insertion: I-gel insertion was done in supine position and with a standard gel pillow with the patient's head on following anesthesia induction. The insertion was verified with the manual ventilation of the patient and EtCO2 waveform.