anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Usnic acid (UA) is a unique bioactive substance in lichen with potential anticancer properties. Recently, we have reported that UA can reduce 7,12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene-induced oral carcinogenesis by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell proliferation in a male golden Syrian hamster in vivo model. The present study aims to explore the relevant mechanism of cell death induced by UA on human oral carcinoma (KB) cell line in an in vitro model. We found that UA can induce apoptosis (cell death) in KB cells by decreasing cell viability, increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), depolarizing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels, causing nuclear fragmentation, altering apoptotic morphology, and causing excessive DNA damage. Additionally, UA inhibits the expression of Bcl-2, a protein that promotes cell survival, while increasing the expression of p53, Bax, Cytochrome-c, Caspase-9, and 3 proteins in KB cells. UA also inhibits the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), a protein that mediates the activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6, in KB cells. Furthermore, UA promotes apoptosis by enhancing the mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic mechanism through oxidative stress, depletion of cellular antioxidants, and an inflammatory response. Ultimately, the findings of this study suggest that UA may have potential as an anticancer therapeutic agent for oral cancer treatments.
Background Age is a non-modifiable risk factor important in the etiology of many diseases. The ageing process of the body absolutely contributes to the degeneration of body tissues and the loss of function and the associated health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). Purpose Effect of age on HR-QoL among patients of 13 disease units. Matherial and methods The study was conducted among 7620 patients. The following age groups were included in the analysis: <30 years old, 30-39 years old, 40-49 years old, 50-59 years, 60-69 years, 70-79 years, and ≥ 80 years. The criterion for inclusion in the group was: age ≥ 18 years, written consent to participate in the study, treatment for chronic disease (at least 2 years), absence of other diseases and/or coexisting chronic symptoms. The SF-36 (Physical Component Summary (PCS); Mental Component Summary (MCS); Index of Life Quality (ILQ)) questionnaire was used to assess HR-QoL. Results The chance of having a better HR-QoL at 60-69 years of age decreases 3-fold (OR = 0.33) in MCS compared to the youngest group of patients. As far as PCS is concerned, there is a 5-fold lower chance of better HR-QoL (OR = 0.20). However, in the oldest group of patients, the chance of better HR-QoL in the MCS dimension is more than 12 times lower, and in PCS the chance of better HR-QoL is 33 times lower. A significant correlation between quality of life and age was confirmed. The level of PCS (R=-0.60), MCS (R=-0.50) and ILQ (R=-0.58) decreases with age. Cancer diseases (CD), regardless of the patient's age, showed the strongest association with HRQoL among the 13 analyzed disease entities. The average level of HRQoL was the lowest. A decreased level of HRQoL was noted in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) aged 30-39 years. The highest HR-QoL was noted in the group of patients aged 40-49 years for both CD and CVD, in later years HR-QoL decreased in patients with CD and CVD. The chance of better HR-QoL decreases with age. After the age of 60, the highest decrease in HR-QoL is observed in both MCS and PCS. In all age groups, there is more often a chance of better HR-QoL in the MCS dimension than in PCS.
BACKGROUND: Chronic airflow limitation (CAL) is a hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease but is also present in some patients with asthma. We investigated respiratory symptoms, sleep and health status of participants with and without CAL with particular emphasis on concurrent asthma using data from adult populations in Iceland, Estonia and Sweden investigated within the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study.
METHODS: All participants underwent spirometry with measurements of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) before and after bronchodilation. CAL was defined as postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC below the lower limit of normal. IgE-sensitisation and serum concentrations of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (S-EDN) were assessed in a subsample. The participants were divided into four groups: no self-reported doctor's diagnosed asthma or CAL, asthma without CAL, CAL without asthma and asthma and CAL: χ2 test and analysis of variance were used in bivariable analyses and logistic and linear regression when analysing the independent association between respiratory symptoms, exacerbations, sleep-related symptoms and health status towards CAL, adjusting for centre, age, sex, body mass index, smoking history and educational level.
RESULTS: Among the 1918 participants, 190 (9.9%) had asthma without CAL, 127 (6.6%) had CAL without asthma and 50 (2.6%) had CAL with asthma. Having asthma with CAL was associated with symptoms such as wheeze (adjusted OR (aOR) 6.53 (95% CI 3.53 to 12.1), exacerbations (aOR 12.8 (95% CI 6.97 to 23.6), difficulties initiating sleep (aOR 2.82 (95% CI 1.45 to 5.48), nocturnal gastro-oesophageal reflux (aOR 3.98 (95% CI 1.79 to 8.82)) as well as lower physical health status. In these analyses, those with no asthma and no CAL were the reference group. The prevalence of IgE-sensitisation was highest in both asthma groups, which also had higher levels of S-EDN.
CONCLUSION: Individuals with self-reported asthma with CAL suffer from a higher burden of respiratory and sleep-related symptoms, higher exacerbation rates and lower health status when compared with participants with asthma alone or CAL alone.
Injection of 200 units of Botulinum Toxin A (BOTOX) to a treated limb. Each limb will be divided to two levels - arterial arch and digital arteries (near MCP/MTP) levels. In each level 100 units of Botox will be injected in 6 injection points in the proximity of the arteries.
Background/Objectives: Epilepsy is a brain disease with both environmental and genetic inputs. Ion channel dysfunction seems to be of great significance for abnormal neuronal behavior during epileptic seizures. Within neurons, the voltage-gated sodium channels are crucial proteins contributing to the initiation and propagation of action potentials. The voltage-gated sodium channel α subunit 1 (SCN1A) gene encodes for the α subunit of a voltage-gated ion channel. The aim of the study was to investigate the relation of two common SCN1A variants, i.e., rs3812718 and rs2298771, with distinct epileptic phenotypes in a South-Eastern European population. Methods: DNA was extracted from 214 unrelated participants with focal onset, focal to bilateral tonic-clonic, or generalized onset epileptic seizures and genotyped using real-time PCR (LightSNiP assays) followed by melting curve analysis. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics software (version 29.0 for Windows). Results: Genotype frequency distribution analysis indicated an association for the A-allele-containing genotypes of both rs3812718 and rs2298771 polymorphisms of SCN1A with generalized onset seizures and focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures versus focal onset seizures. Conclusions: Consequently, the study provides evidence that supports a potential association of the investigated SCN1A polymorphisms with distinct seizure subtype susceptibility in South-Eastern Europeans.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Fufangmuniziqi formula (FFMN), a traditional Uyghur medicine used in China, is derived from an ancient Uyghur medical book and consists of 13 herbs. The herbs of FFMN, such as Peganum harmala L., Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., and Nigella glandulifera, have been demonstrated to have acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory, anti-neuroinflammatory, or antioxidant effects. Therefore, FFMN may have a good anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) effect, but its specific action and mechanism need to be further proven.
AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aims to investigate the anti-AD effects of FFMN and the role played by alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins in anti-AD.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins fractions of FFMN were prepared by macroporous resin chromatography. The absorbed ingredients in the drug-containing serum were identified by UPLC⁃Q⁃TOF⁃MS. An AD mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine (SCO). The role of different fractions of FFMN in the anti-AD process was examined by Morris water maze (MWM), in-vitro cell, and AChE inhibition assay.
RESULTS: A total of 20 ingredients were identified in the serum samples collected after oral administration of FFMN, and seven compounds were selected as candidate active compounds. MWM experiments showed that different fractions of FFMN could significantly improve SCO-induced learning memory impairment in mice. The alkaloids fraction (ALK) regulated cholinergic function by inhibiting AChE activity, activating choline acetyltransferase activity, and protein expression. Flavonoids and saponins were more potent than the ALK in downregulating pro-inflammatory factors or inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, MPO, and nitric oxide. Western blot results further confirmed that flavonoids and saponins attenuated neuroinflammation by inhibiting the phosphorylation of IκB and NF-κB p65. This result was also verified by in-vitro cellular assays. FFMN enhanced antioxidant defense by increasing the activity of superoxide dismutase and reducing the production of MDA. Combined with cellular experiments, flavonoids and saponins were proven more protective against oxidative damage.
CONCLUSION: FFMN improved cognitive and memory impairment in the SCO-induced AD mouse model. ALK mainly enhanced the function of the cholinergic system. Flavonoid and saponin fractions mainly attenuated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress by modulating the NF-κB pathway. All these findings strongly suggested that the combination of alkaloid, flavonoid, and saponin fractions derived from FFMN is a promising anti-AD agent that deserves further development.
Opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome (OMAS) is an autoimmune central nervous system disorder, primarily manifesting as a paraneoplastic sequalae to neuroblastoma, and characterized by motor disorders and behavioral disturbances. OMAS is typified by aberrant B-cell and T-cell activation. Current treatment involves immunosuppression using corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and rituximab. However, these approaches often lead to treatment-related toxicities and symptomatic recurrences with chronic neurocognitive impairment. We treated three children with refractory neuroblastoma-associated OMAS with tacrolimus, a T-cell-targeting calcineurin inhibitor, effectively controlling symptoms within a month and enabling the discontinuation of immunosuppression with minimal side effects. Tacrolimus shows promise as a therapeutic option for refractory OMAS.
BACKGROUND: Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) are often used as primary prevention strategy for sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young individuals. This study analyzed appropriate therapies, complications and inappropriate shocks in the real-world Indian population.
METHODS: All patients in the cardiomyopathy cohort under follow up who had ICD implanted as a primary prevention strategy were studied. The objective was to assess the incidence of appropriate ICD therapies, inappropriate therapies and complications. ICD was interrogated and stored electrograms analyzed. Underlying arrhythmia or conditions resulting in appropriate or inappropriate ICD therapy were studied. Correlation and regression studies was done to assess for the predictors of appropriate therapy.
RESULTS: Fifty patients were followed up for a mean follow-up duration of 4.4 ± 3.1 years with total follow up of 220.2 patient years. Appropriate ICD therapy was delivered in 16 out of 50 (32%) patients, with 65 appropriate therapies (median 2 per patient, range: 0-20). Inappropriate therapy delivered in 7 of the 50 (14%) patients, with 44 inappropriate therapies (median 5 per patient, range: 0-20). Complications occurred in 8 of the 50 (16%) patients. Overall, the rate of appropriate therapy was 29.5 per 100 patient years, that of inappropriate therapy was 19.9 per 100 patient years and the rate of complications was 3.6 per 100 patient years.
CONCLUSIONS: When implanted for primary prevention in patients with cardiomyopathies over a mean period of 4.4 ± 3.1 years, appropriate ICD therapy was delivered in 32% patients. However, inappropriate therapy (14% patients) and complications (16% patients) were also common.
Subjects in the standard care arm will be informed of their increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the future, and given general lifestyle verbal advice to maintain a healthy weight, eat a well-balanced diet and do regular exercise during their 6 week postnatal visit. Women found to have impaired fasting glucose (6.1-6.9 mmol/L) or impaired glucose tolerance (2H post glucose of 7.8-11.0 mmol/L) will be issued a letter reinforcing lifestyle changes namely weight loss (if raised BMI), diet, exercise, and encouragement to consult a family physician to discuss the appropriateness of starting medications that can prevent the progression to type 2 diabetes, or restore the blood glucose to normal levels. Those with a normal OGTT result will just be informed that it is normal.
The present invention relates to a kidney invigorating Chinese herbal medicine tea bag which comprises the raw materials of wolfberry fruit, epimedium herb, hiraute shiny bugleweed herb, motherwort herb, birutan, chrysanthemum, red peony root and common fennel fruit. The making method of the tea bag comprises the steps that firstly, after being selected, the medicinal materials of the dosages are baked, primarily pulverized, sieved, and pulverized into coarse particles; then, the coarse particles are mechanically and thermally sealed and automatically packaged. The product completely has the therapeutic characteristics of the compound medication of traditional Chinese medicine decoction and overcomes the disadvantages of poor mouth feel and decoction requirement of the traditional decoction. The tea bag steeped in boiling water for drinking has the advantages of yin and yang nourishment, vigor replenishment, blood nourishment, fresh mouth feel, convenient administration, optional carrying and storage, no household and outgoing limitation and low price. The tea bag is especially suitable for drinking for a long term. The total effective rate of the product taken by women is 100%, and the total effective rate of the product taken by man is 98%.
AIMS: Catheter ablation is an effective treatment method for recurrent ventricular tachycardias (VTs). However, at least in part, procedural and clinical outcomes are limited by challenges in generating an adequate lesion size in the ventricular myocardium. We investigated procedural and clinical outcomes of VT ablation using a novel 'large-footprint' catheter that allows the creation of larger lesions either by radiofrequency (RF) or by pulsed field (PF) energy.
METHODS AND RESULTS: In prospectively collected case series, we describe our initial experience with VT ablation using a lattice-tip, dual-energy catheter (Sphere-9, Medtronic), and a compatible proprietary electroanatomical mapping system (Affera, Medtronic). The study population consisted of 18 patients (aged 55 ± 15 years, one woman, structural heart disease: 94%, ischaemic heart disease: 56%, left ventricular ejection fraction: 34 ± 10%, electrical storm: 22%) with recurrent sustained VTs and ≥1 previously failed endocardial RF ablation with conventional irrigated-tip catheter in 66% of patients. On average, 12 ± 7 RF and 8 ± 9 PF applications were delivered per patient. In three-fourths of patients undergoing percutaneous epicardial ablation, spasms in coronary angiography were observed after PF applications. All resolved after intracoronary administration of nitrates. No acute phrenic nerve palsy was noted. One patient suffered from a stroke that resolved without sequelae. Post-ablation non-inducibility of VT was achieved in 89% of patients. Ventricular-arrhythmia-free survival at three months was 78%.
CONCLUSION: VT ablation using a dual-energy lattice-tip catheter and a novel electroanatomical mapping system is feasible. It allows rapid mapping and effective substrate modification with good outcomes during short-term follow-up.
The invention belongs to the technical field of cosmetology, and particularly relates to an anti-pollution cosmetic composition. The composition comprises the following raw materials: marrubium vulgare extract, moringa pterygosperma seed extract, wild soybean extract and mirabilis jalapa extract. The composition has a function for avoiding the harm of pollutants on the skin by virtue of triple protection. The moringa pterygosperma seed extract forms a physical barrier membrane on the skin, so that the adsorption of the pollutants on the skin can be reduced. The wild soybean extract can improve a screen function of the skin, and the pollutants can be prevented from entering the skin. The mirabilis jalapa extract and the Marrubium vulgare extract can improve the tolerance of the skin to the pollutants, so that the skin problem such as irritation, allergy and the like caused by the pollutants can be avoided.
Background: Persistent inflammation over time can cause gradual harm to the body. Molecular hydrogen has the potential to specifically counteract reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduce disease severity, and enhance overall health. Investigations of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of oral solid hydrogen capsules (OSHCs) are currently limited, prompting our examination of the beneficial effects of OSHCs. Subsequently, we conducted a clinical study to assess the impact of OSHCs supplementation on individuals with chronic inflammation. Materials and methods: Initially, we evaluated the oxidative reduction potential (ORP) properties of the OSHCs solution by comparing it to hydrogen-rich water (HRW) and calcium hydride (CaH2) treated water. In our outpatient department, stable patients with chronic illnesses who were treated with varying doses of OSHCs were randomized into low-, medium-, and high-dose groups for 4 weeks. Primary outcomes included changes in the serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations after four weeks of OSHCs consumption. Secondary outcomes included changes in the Brief Fatigue Inventory-Taiwan (BFI-T) fatigue scale, Control Status Scale for Diabetes (CSSD70) scores, and Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28). Results: Compared to HRW and CaH2, OSHCs demonstrated a prolonged reduction in ORP for 60 minutes in vitro and enabled a regulated release of hydrogen over 24 hours. A total of 30 participants, with 10 in each dosage (low/medium/high) group, completed the study. The average ESR120 significantly decreased from the first week to the fourth week, with a noticeable dose effect (low-dose group, p = 0.494; high-dose group, p = 0.016). Overall, the average CRP concentration showed a distinct decreasing trend after four weeks of OSHCs administration (w0 vs. w4, p = 0.077). The average DAS28 score demonstrated a significant decrease following OSHCs treatment. Furthermore, there were improvements in the BFI-T and CSSD70 scores. Conclusion: OSHCs supplementation may exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on individuals with chronic inflammation. However, further clinical studies could be investigated to explore the potential therapeutic effects of OSHCs.
BACKGROUND: One of the most common entry gates for systemic infection is the lung. In humans, pulmonary infections can lead to significant neurological impairment, ranging from acute sickness behavior to long-term disorders. Surfactant proteins (SP), essential parts of the pulmonary innate immune defense, have been detected in the brain of rats and humans. Recent evidence suggests that SP-A, the major protein component of surfactant, also plays a functional role in modulating neuroinflammation. This study aimed to determine whether SP-A deficiency affects the inflammatory response in the brain of adult mice during pulmonary infection.
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE: Adult male wild-type (WT, n = 72) and SP-A-deficient (SP-A-/-, n = 72) mice were oropharyngeally challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), or PBS (control). Both, behavioral assessment and subsequent brain tissue analysis, were performed 24, 48, and 72 h after challenge. The brain concentrations of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were determined by ELISA. Quantitative rtPCR was used to detect SP-A mRNA expression in brain homogenates and immunohistochemistry was applied for the detection of SP-A protein expression in brain coronal slices.
RESULTS: SP-A mRNA and histological evidence of protein expression were detected in both the lungs and brains of WT mice, with significantly higher amounts in lung samples. SP-A-/- mice exhibited significantly higher baseline concentrations of brain TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β compared to WT mice. Oropharyngeal application of either LPS or P. aeruginosa elicited significantly higher brain levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in SP-A-/- mice compared to WT mice at all time points. In comparison, behavioral impairment as a measure of sickness behavior, was significantly stronger in WT than in SP-A-/- mice, particularly after LPS application.
CONCLUSION: SP-A is known for its anti-inflammatory role in the pulmonary immune response to bacterial infection. Recent evidence suggests that in an abdominal sepsis model SP-A deficiency can lead to increased cytokine levels in the brain. Our results extend this perception and provide evidence for an anti-inflammatory role of SP-A in the brain of adult WT mice after pulmonary infection.
The embodiments herein provide a method of synthesizing a novel enriched 10-boron drug for treatment of cancer by Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) method. In BNCT, drug containing enriched 10-Boron has the important role in final treatment efficiency. The composition is Enriched 10-Boron Calcium Fructo Borate (E 10 BCFB). The Calcium Fructo-Borate is found in some vegetables. E 10 BCFB is in fact an artificial Calcium Fructo-Borate which is synthesized chemically with enriched 10-Boron. E 10 BCFB becomes an important competitor drug in the fight against some cancerous cells. The composition is applied orally and parenterally.