anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: A compound with activation of inducing antioxidation enzyme system is provided to ensure antioxidation and anticancer activities and to treat and prevent diseases. CONSTITUTION: A mycosinol derivative is denoted by chemical formula 1, 2, or 3. A composition for inducing NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase contains mycosinol derivative as an active ingredient. The mycosinol derivative is isolated from Chrysanthemum coronarium extract. A method for producing the Chrysanthemum coronarium extract comprises: a step of extracting Chrysanthemum coronarium with methanol; and a step of purifying and isolating ethylacetate soluble part by chromatography. A pharmaceutical composition contains mycosinol derivative as an active ingredient. A food composition for preventing and treating cancer contains mycosinol derivative.
Patients who undergo gynecological surgery with transverse lower abdominal wounds and who undergo cardiovascular surgery with median sternotomy wounds in our hospital will be assessed. Those who have or will have diabetes, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and known history of allergy to silicone will be excluded. Altogether, about 75 patients will be recruited. Each patient's wound will be divided into two halves. One test dressing will be applied to a half, which is determined by random, and a different test dressing to the other half. The total 75 patients will thus be divided into 3 groups of 25 patients. One group will act to compare the effectiveness between silicone gel and silicone sheet, the second group between silicone sheet and paper tape, and the third group between silicone gel and paper tape. The dressings will be applied one week after surgery and at least 12 hours per day until 3 months after surgery. All patients will be followed up at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks, 6 months and 12 months. Three domains of outcomes will be measured. One is the appearance of the scars which will be rated with Vancouver scale, which has been proved to be a reliable scale.34 35 When rating with the Vancouver scale, standardised photographs of the scars will be taken in a standardised photo studio using a single high-resolution digital camera in a standardised light condition and at a fixed distance because any difference in photographic conditions will make difference in the Vancouver scores. The other two domains are pain and itching of the scars, which will be evaluated with Visual Analog Ratings (VAR). Pain and itching are very subjective, so the rating method should be very easy to understand and applicable for our patients and that is why we chose VAR as a tool.
From the study population, patients with a claim associated with an ischemic optic neuropathy diagnosis code were identified as potential NAION cases (n = 3,732). From the potential NAION cases, definite and possible NAION cases were identified using medical record review and a claims algorithm (n=1,283). Data from definite and possible NAION cases contributed to the analysis.
The study hypothesis is that: Following perinatal asphyxia treatment with a combination of hypothermia and inhaled xenon preserves cerebral metabolism and structure. Following informed parental consent, infants that continue to require endotracheal tube ventilation following resuscitation will be randomised to treatment with hypothermia only or hypothermia and xenon. All infants in both groups will be treated with hypothermia for 72 hours started within 6 hours of delivery and infants allocated to hypothermia and xenon will also receive 30% xenon (balanced with oxygen and air) for 24 hours through a purpose designed delivery system. Structured neurological examination will be done daily during the 1st week after birth and at discharge. MRS and MRI will be performed once between 4-10 days of age. MRS/MRI data analysis will be by investigators blinded to the allocated intervention.
1459617 Steroid-binding globulin BEHRINGWERKE AG 24 Oct 1974 [27 Oct 1973] 46070/74 Heading A5B A steroid-binding globulin of M.W. ca. 65000 (other physical parameters are given) is prepared from a steroid-binding #-globulin (of specified physical properties) by treatment with neuraminidiase to give a product containing less than 1% neuraminic acid. The starting material may be obtained, e.g. from retroplacental serum, placental extracts or human serum (especially of pregnant women) by conventional procedures involving precipitation with acridine bases, subsequent fractional precipitation, gel filtration, treatment with basic anion exchangers and electrophoresis. The product may be purified by chromatography on diaminoethyl Sephadex (Trade Mark) and is useful as a diagnostic agent.
Hyperuricaemia (HUA) is a metabolic disorder characterised by high blood uric acid (UA) levels; moreover, HUA severity is closely related to the gut microbiota. HUA is also a risk factor for renal damage, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia; however, current treatments are associated with detrimental side effects. Alternatively, Fangyukangsuan granules are a natural product with UA-reducing properties. To examine their efficacy in HUA, the binding of small molecules in Fangyukangsuan granules to xanthine oxidase (XOD), a key factor in UA metabolism, was investigated via molecular simulation, and the effects of oral Fangyukangsuan granule administration on serum biochemical indices and intestinal microorganisms in HUA-model rats were examined. Overall, 24 small molecules in Fangyukangsuan granules could bind to XOD. Serum UA, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and XOD levels were decreased in rats treated with Fangyukangsuan granules compared to those in untreated HUA-model rats. Moreover, Fangyukangsuan granules restored the intestinal microbial structure in HUA-model rats. Functional analysis of the gut microbiota revealed decreased amino acid biosynthesis and increased fermentation of pyruvate into short-chain fatty acids in Fangyukangsuan granule-treated rats. Together, these findings demonstrate that Fangyukangsuan granules have anti-hyperuricaemic and regulatory effects on the gut microbiota and may be a therapeutic candidate for HUA.
Hematologic Effects: ACTOS may cause decreases in hemoglobin and hematocrit. In placebo-controlled monotherapy trials, mean hemoglobin values declined by 2% to 4% in patients treated with ACTOS compared with a mean change in hemoglobin of -1% to +1% in placebo-treated patients. These changes primarily occurred within the first 4 to 12 weeks of therapy and remained relatively constant thereafter. These changes may be related to increased plasma volume associated with ACTOS therapy and are not likely to be associated with any clinically significant hematologic effects.

Creatine Phosphokinase: During protocol-specified measurement of serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) in ACTOS clinical trials, an isolated elevation in CPK to greater than 10 times the upper limit of the reference range was noted in 9 (0.2%) patients treated with ACTOS (values of 2150 to 11400 IU/L) and in no comparator-treated patients. Six of these nine patients continued to receive ACTOS, two patients were noted to have the CPK elevation on the last day of dosing and one patient discontinued ACTOS due to the elevation. These elevations resolved without any apparent clinical sequelae. The relationship of these events to ACTOS therapy is unknown.
Compositions and methods for restoring killing of cancer cells are provided. Preferably, the compositions are administered to a subject in an effective amount to antagonize, inhibit, reduce, or block B7-H1 mediated signal transduction in cancer cells expressing B7-H1. It has been discovered that B7-H1 transmits an anti-apoptotic signal in cancer cells that increases the resistance of the cancer cells to CTL mediated cytolysis and to Fas induced cell death. It is believed that blocking the transmission of the anti-apoptotic signal by B7-H1 increases the susceptibility of the cancer cells to apoptosis and CTL cytolysis thereby enhancing the death of cancer cells. Preferred compounds or B7-H1 antagonists include antibodies that bind to B7-H1, B7-H1 receptors, or ligands of B7-H1 such as PD-I or B7-1. Additional B7-H1 antagonists include small molecules, for example small molecules that bind the cytoplasmic portion of B7-H1 or the extracellular portion of B7-H1 and inhibit, reduce, block or interfere with B7-H1 signal transduction. Methods for treating one or more symptoms associated with cancer or hyperproliferation are also provided.
BACKGROUND: Air pollution can cause various respiratory and neurological diseases and continuous exposure can lead to death. Previous studies have reported that particulate matter (PM) exposure increases the risk of depression, suicidal thoughts, and suicidal death; however, the results are inconsistent and limited. This study aimed to examine the relationship between short-term PM exposure and suicide deaths, as well as investigate the short-term effects of PM on suicide death within vulnerable groups based on factors such as sex, age group, suicide-related information (note, method, and cause), psychiatric disorders, and physical diseases.
METHODS: Data on a total of 28,670 suicide deaths from 2013 to 2017, provided by the Korea Foundation for Suicide Prevention, were analyzed. The study design employed a time-series analysis with a two-stage approach. In the first step, a generalized additive model combined with a distributed lag nonlinear model was used to estimate the short-term effect of PM exposure on suicide risk specific to each city. In the second step, the estimated results from each city were pooled through a meta-analysis to derive the overall effect. We determined the effects of single lag, cumulative lag, and moving average PM concentrations from days 0-7 before suicide.
RESULTS: We confirmed an association between exposure to PM10 (≤ 10 μm in diameter) and deaths due to suicide. In particular, among individuals with psychiatric disorders and those who employed non-violent suicide methods, increased exposure to PM10 was associated with a higher risk of death by suicide, with percentage changes of 5.92 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.95-7.92) and 11.47 (95% CI: 7.95-15.11), respectively. Furthermore, in the group with psychiatric disorders, there was an observed tendency of increasing suicide risk as PM10 levels increased up to 120 µg/m3, whereas in the group with non-violent suicide deaths, there was a pronounced trend of rapid increase in suicide risk with an increase in PM10 up to 100 µg/m3.
CONCLUSIONS: These results show an association between short-term exposure to PM and suicide. Our study adds evidence for the benefits of reducing PM in preventing diseases and improving mental health.
UNLABELLED: The occurrence of multiple primary cancers (MPC) is thought to reflect increased cancer susceptibility in patients due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Here we conducted a retrospective review of 2,894 consecutive patients evaluated at a single institution and identified 31 (1.14%) individuals with a history of three or more primary cancers, then analyzed the genetic and environmental influences associated with their propensity for developing malignancies. We found that 35.5% of patients had a hereditary cancer syndrome (HCS), with high penetrance HCS in 72.7% of cases, suggesting that monogenic causes underly a significant proportion of triple primary cancer risk. Analysis of cancer frequencies found that the diagnosis of breast cancer was associated with a significantly lower likelihood of HCS, while the diagnosis of colorectal, prostate, and pancreas cancer was associated with a significantly higher likelihood of HCS. Comparison of HCS-positive and HCS-negative patients revealed similar demographic characteristics, mean age at first diagnosis, and family history of cancer. Moreover, no significant differences in lifestyle behaviors, occupational exposures, chronic health conditions, or treatment with chemotherapy and radiation were observed between HCS-positive and -negative groups, though outliers in tobacco smoking, as well as systemic treatment after both first and second primary cancers were observed. These findings indicate a robust contribution of HCS to cancer susceptibility among patients with triple primary cancers while environmental influences were less evident. This emphasizes the need for larger MPC cohorts incorporating additional genetic and environmental factors to more comprehensively characterize drivers of cancer risk.
PREVENTION RELEVANCE: In patients with three or more primary cancers, genetic predisposition explained a significant proportion of cases; however, treatment history, lifestyle habits, and other exposures appeared to play a less significant role. This highlights the value of early genetic screening and the need to develop more sensitive markers of cancer susceptibility. See related Spotlight, p. 193.
Hypertensive disorders are the most common complications of pregnancy. They occur in 6-8% of pregnancies and account for approximately 15% of maternal deaths in the United States Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy-specific syndrome of unknown etiology that is defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) \> 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) \> 90 mmHg presenting after 20 weeks of gestation with significant proteinuria (1) Because patients with pre-eclampsia may have significant intravascular volume deficit and reduced uteroplacental perfusion, it is prudent to administer fluids before any anesthetic interventions. (2) however it may increase their risk of developing pulmonary oedema (3) Colloids and crystalloids are two types of fluids that are used for fluid replacement, as volume expanders. Crystalloids are low-cost salt solutions (e.g. saline) with small molecules, which can move around easily when injected into the body. Colloids can be man-made (e.g. starches, dextrans, or gelatins), or naturally occurring (e.g. albumin or fresh frozen plasma (FFP)), and have bigger molecules, so stay in the blood for longer before passing to other parts of the body. (4) Women with pre-eclampsia lose protein through renal excretion and may also extravasate protein into the interstitial tissues, oncotic pressure falls because of this and the tendency to lose fluid from the intravascular space is partially determined by this mechanism. Filling the vascular space with fluid will lead to increasing peripheral oedema. Colloids will remain in the vascular compartment for longer periods than crystalloids although the loss of colloid into the interstitial tissues will also contribute to the development of oedema. Changes in capillary permeability will have an independent influence. (5) Ultrasound is now widely used in many medical specialties, being safe tool for both the parturient and the baby, ultrasound is basically used by the obstetricians in pregnant females for diagnosis of fetal presentation, placental position, fetal organs, amount of liquor and in some interventions amniocentesis. In the last 15 years, a new imaging application of sonography has emerged in the clinical arena: lung ultrasound (LUS), it can give valuable data in diagnosing and management of pneumothorax, pleural effusion, lung consolidation and pulmonary congestion. (6) The electrical cardiometry which can be used to measure and calculate hemodynamic parameters such as cardiac output, stroke volume, systemic vascular resistance, ICON (index of contractility), and thoracic fluid content. (7) In general, there is no epidemiological evidence to support the choice of colloidal solutions over crystalloids and it is not clear that colloidal solutions would be more effective and less likely to cause harm than crystalloids in preeclamptic patients. A meta-analysis was done to investigate crystalloid versus colloid resuscitation in critically ill patients however pregnant women and neonates were excluded. (8) Consequently, there is inadequate evidence supporting one view or another in the management of pre-eclampsia.
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a common injury in athletes. It has multiple consequences on the knee: instability, pain, loss of muscle strength, proprioceptive impairments, modification of the knee kinematics and premature knee osteoarthritis. In athletes, the majority of these injuries are treated with ACL reconstruction surgery. The main objective of this treatment is the reduction of knee instability to allow return to sport, and this at the same level prior to the injury. Thus, the athlete's follow-up after the surgery is essential to guide the return to sport and to ensure that the knee sensorimotor control allows the return to sport. Currently this assessment is based primarily on functional testings and measurement of muscle strength.

The investigators propose to prospectively study the evolution of instrumentally measured knee proprioception using isokinetic dynamometer before and after ACL reconstruction as well as a study of the factors associated with its favorable evolution and its impact in the return to sport and its level.
To date, there is no commercially available blood test approved in the United States for use as an aid in the assessment and diagnosis of stroke. There have been various reports in the scientific literature describing the ability of various biomarkers to predict or identify stroke, with varied success. A biomarker panel approach, similar to that used for the evaluation of chest pain patients (troponin I, CK-MB, and myoglobin) enhances diagnostic accuracy, particularly when the panel includes protein markers associated with various components of the disease pathophysiology. This study involves a retrospective analysis of data collected from patients that present with an acute focal neurological deficit, suspected cerebral ischemia, or suspected intracranial hemorrhage within 24 hours of symptom onset or last known well time will be enrolled into the study. Blood samples will be collected at enrollment and serially up to 72 hrs. from the time of onset or last known well time. The study population will also include a subset of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage, who will have additional samples collected daily from day 3 through day 14 (at clinical sites participating in the vasospasm substudy) for the evaluation of cerebral vasospasm. The patient's participation in the study is complete when all samples have been collected or when they are discharged from the hospital, whichever occurs first. All blood sample will be analyzed using the Triage Stroke Panel test. Measurements will be performed at each clinical site and at Biosite (subject to test device availability). In order to minimize bias and eliminate significant risk to the patient, physicians will be blinded to all Triage Stroke Panel results during the course of the study. Completed case report forms (CRFs) and frozen plasma samples will be transferred to Biosite.
BACKGROUND: This systematic literature review aims to summarize global research on parental acceptance, attitudes, and knowledge regarding human papillomavirus vaccinations.
METHODS: The literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus, and included publications from 2006 to 2023. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation guidelines were used to assess the strength of evidence for the primary outcome. Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models to estimate pooled parental acceptance of HPV vaccinations. Studies were stratified by study years, and a subgroup analysis was conducted to estimate vaccine acceptance rates by world regions. Additionally, sensitivity analyses examined the role of parents in accepting HPV vaccinations for children of different sexes.
RESULTS: Based on 86 studies, we found that parents generally supported HPV vaccinations for their children, yet HPV vaccine acceptance rates showed high variation (12.0 to 97.5%). The subgroup analysis revealed geographical variations in pooled parental HPV vaccine acceptance rates, with the highest rate observed in Africa (79.6%; 95% CI: 73.5-85.2; I² = 98.3%; p < 0.01) and the lowest in North America (56.7%; 95% CI: 49.3-64.0; I² = 99.4%; p < 0.01). Sensitivity analyses showed that acceptance was higher for daughters than for sons, with mothers more willing to get their daughters vaccinated. The proportion of parents reporting barriers or benefits regarding HPV vaccinations varied widely (0.3-95.8%) between study regions. Across all world regions, fear of adverse effects and concerns about vaccine safety were the main barriers, whereas the desire to protect their children from cancer was a significant predictor of vaccine acceptance. Knowledge levels varied widely (6.5 to 100%) between world regions and according to the questions asked. In most studies, knowledge e.g., that HPV is sexually transmitted, and that HPV vaccination provides protection against cervical cancer, ranged from moderate to high.
CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated moderate parental acceptance of HPV vaccines. Public knowledge of HPV infection should be promoted, and special efforts should be made to minimize the existing barriers and increase vaccination accessibility and uptake.
BACKGROUND: Wilson's disease (WD) is a rare autosomal recessive disease that causes impaired copper circulation and excretion. The initial manifestations of WD vary clinically, which makes early diagnosis very difficult. Sleep disorders have been described as common symptoms of WD, but the initial manifestations are in rare cases.
CASE REPORT: This study aims to present a patient with acute insomnia as the initial manifestation of WD. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive lesions in the bilateral putamen and caudate nucleus, pressure area of corpus callosum, midbrain, and pons. Interestingly, rare but characteristic signs of WD, such as "face of the giant panda," were shown in this case. WD diagnosis was further established by decreased ceruloplasmin level and ATP7B (adenosine-triphosphatase copper transporting beta polypeptide) gene mutations.
CONCLUSIONS: We describe acute insomnia as the initial manifestation of WD in a 21-year-old male patient. Timely diagnosis allows for early copper-eliminating pharmacotherapy, which is of high prognostic importance, as the patient may be more responsive to treatment at this point.