anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Subjects will be randomized to oral pre-treatment with GTS-21 (150 mg tid 3 days before LPS injection and an oral dose of 150 mg GTS-21 on the morning of the day of the experiment (07:00 AM). Subjects will then receive an oral dose of 150 mg GTS-21 or placebo at 08:00 AM and another oral dose of 150 mg GTS-21 or placebo at 1 hour before LPS administration (t=0).
AIMS: To determine whether obesity and malnutrition have a synergistic effect on outcomes from skeletal trauma or elective orthopaedic surgery.
METHODS: Electronic databases including MEDLINE, Global Health, Embase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and PEDRo were searched up to 14 April 2024, as well as conference proceedings and the reference lists of included studies. Studies were appraised using tools according to study design, including the Oxford Levels of Evidence, the Institute of Health Economics case series quality appraisal checklist, and the CLARITY checklist for cohort studies. Studies were eligible if they reported the effects of combined malnutrition and obesity on outcomes from skeletal trauma or elective orthopaedic surgery.
RESULTS: A total of eight studies (106,319 patients) were included. These carried moderate to high risk of bias. Combined obesity and malnutrition did not lead to worse outcomes in patients undergoing total shoulder arthroplasty or repair of proximal humeral fractures (two retrospective cohort studies). Three studies (two retrospective cohort studies, one case series) found that malnourishment and obesity had a synergistic effect and led to poor outcomes in total hip or knee arthroplasty, including longer length of stay and higher complication rates. One retrospective cohort study pertaining to posterior lumbar fusion found that malnourished obese patients had higher odds of developing surgical site infection and sepsis, as well as higher odds of requiring a revision procedure.
CONCLUSION: Combined malnutrition and obesity have a synergistic effect and lead to poor outcomes in lower limb procedures. Appropriate preoperative optimization and postoperative care are required to improve outcomes in this group of patients.
This prospective, non-randomized, open-label study is performed to assess the effects of adjunctive SI in the family-based treatment program of children with developmental delay (DD). The study subjects are children with DD who attended an early intervention (EI) program at Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, which is the largest general hospital in the Southern Taiwan. Each participating child undergo a joint assessment by a pediatrician, a rehabilitation doctor, a child psychiatrist, a speech therapist, a physical therapist, an occupational therapist, and a social worker. Once the diagnosis of developmental delay is confirmed, the child will be scheduled for prescribed family-based early intervention in the same hospital. Children (between 2 to 4 years old) who attend the program will be enrolled in this study. Informed consent will be obtained from the children and their primary caregivers after they received a complete description of the study. The participants are categorized into three different groups based on their intervention method. The choice of intervention method will be according to the willingness and expedience of the children's caregivers.
BACKGROUND: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a recently recognized immune-mediated disorder that can affect almost any organ in the human body. IgG4-RD can be categorized into proliferative and fibrotic subtypes based on patients' clinicopathological characteristics. This study aimed to compare the clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and treatment outcomes of IgG4-RD among different subtypes.
METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 622 patients with newly diagnosed IgG4-RD at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from March 2011 to August 2021. The patients were divided into three groups according to their clinicopathological characteristics: proliferative, fibrotic, and mixed subtypes. We compared demographic features, clinical manifestations, organ involvement, laboratory tests, and treatment agents across three subtypes. We then assessed the differences in treatment outcomes among 448 patients receiving glucocorticoids alone or in combination with immunosuppressants. Moreover, risk factors of relapse were revealed by applying the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis.
RESULTS: We classified the 622 patients into three groups consisting of 470 proliferative patients, 55 fibrotic patients, and 97 mixed patients, respectively. We found that gender distribution, age, disease duration, and frequency of allergy history were significantly different among subgroups. In terms of organ involvement, submandibular and lacrimal glands were frequently involved in the proliferative subtype, while retroperitoneum was the most commonly involved site in both fibrotic subtype and mixed subtype. The comparison of laboratory tests revealed that eosinophils ( P = 0.010), total IgE ( P = 0.006), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( P <0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( P <0.001), complement C4 ( P <0.001), IgG ( P = 0.001), IgG1 (P <0.001), IgG4 (P <0.001), and IgA ( P <0.001), at baseline were significantly different among three subtypes. Compared with proliferative and mixed subtypes, the fibrotic subtype showed the lowest rate of relapse (log-rank P = 0.014).
CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed the differences in demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, organ involvement, laboratory tests, treatment agents, and outcomes across proliferative, fibrotic, and mixed subtypes in the retrospective cohort study. Given significant differences in relapse-free survival among the three subtypes, treatment regimens, and follow-up frequency should be considered separately according to different subtypes.
Chronic prostatic inflammation promotes cell survival and fibrosis, leading to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with aggravated urinary symptoms. It is investigated whether yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), an organ size controller and mechanical transductor, is implicated in inflammation-induced BPH. The correlation between YAP1 expression and fibrosis in human and rat BPH specimens is analyzed. Furthermore, the effects of YAP1 activation on prostatic cell survival and fibrosis, as well as the underlying mechanism, are also studied. As a result, total and nuclear YAP1 expression, along with downstream genes are significantly upregulated in inflammation-associated human and rat specimens. There is a significant positive correlation between YAP1 expression and the severity of fibrosis or clinical performance. YAP1 silencing suppresses cell survival by decreasing cell proliferation and increasing apoptosis, and alleviates fibrosis by reversing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in prostatic BPH-1 and WPMY-1 cells. Mechanistically, inflammatory stimulus and rigid matrix stiffness synergistically activate the RhoA/ROCK1 pathway to provoke cytoskeleton remodeling, thereby promoting YAP1 activation to exacerbate BPH development. Overall, inflammation-triggered mechanical stiffness reinforcement activates the RhoA/ROCK1/F-actin/YAP1 axis, thereby promoting prostatic cell survival and fibrosis to accelerate BPH progression.
We developed two short helical antimicrobial peptides, HVF18-a3 and its d-enantiomer, HVF18-a3-d, derived from the thrombin C-terminal peptide HVF18. These peptides exhibit potent antimicrobial activity against various bacteria by compromising both the outer and inner membranes, with low hemolytic activity. They are stable in the presence of physiological salts and human serum, exhibiting a low potential for developing drug resistance and excellent antibiofilm activity against Gram-negative bacteria. HVF18-a3-d also neutralized lipopolysaccharide (LPS) through direct binding interactions and suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines through the inflammatory signaling pathway mediated by Toll-like receptor 4 in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS. Both pre- and post-treatment with HVF18-a3-d significantly protected mice against fatal septic shock induced by carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. These findings suggest HVF18-a3 and HVF18-a3-d are promising candidates for developing antibiotics against Gram-negative sepsis.
Study 2, conducted in Japan, is a single-arm clinical study that assessed the safety, efficacy and PK of REVCOVI in patients with ADA-SCID. The study includes two phases: 1) Evaluation, consisting of a Dose Adjustment Period (5 weeks) and a Dose Maintenance Period (16 weeks); and 2) Continuous Administration (Extension) Phase, to be continued until the end of the study. 

A total of four patients were enrolled in the study: two males (age 25 years and 3.4 months) and two females (age 16 years and 4.3 months). Two patients, who were on Adagen treatment within 4 weeks before entering the study, received a first dose of REVCOVI that was calculated to be equivalent to the last Adagen dose received. One patient, who did not receive Adagen within four weeks prior to entering the study, was given the first dose of REVCOVI at 0.1 mg/kg body weight, followed by second and third doses at 0.133 mg/kg body weight and weekly thereafter. Over the dose adjustment phase of the study, the dose was titrated to meet criteria for dAXP level (equal to or below 0.02 mmol/L) and adequate trough ADA activity (equal to or above 15 mmol/hr/L). These three patients received REVCOVI for at least 21 weeks (having completed the 5-week Dosage Adjustment Period and the 16-week Maintenance Period) before entering the Extension Phase. The fourth patient (newly diagnosed Adagen-naïve patient with CMV pneumonia [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]) was dosed with REVCOVI at 0.4 mg/kg weekly (divided into two IM administrations) for 16 weeks. 

All four of the patients in Study 2 achieved and maintained detoxification (trough dAXP [erythrocyte or blood] ≤0.02 mmol/L) throughout their participation in the Treatment Phase of 21 weeks (Dose Adjustment and Dose Maintenance). Serum ADA activity increased after administering REVCOVI for all four patients, with three patients achieving activity level over 15 mmol/hr/L during the Dose Maintenance Period. Total lymphocyte counts and B-/T-/NK-lymphocyte subset counts for three patients increased from screening to Day 15 during dose adjustment and were stable or increasing during the Maintenance Period.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a nonwoven fabric which shows sufficient pliability and high strength while displaying high moisture permeability and waterproofness, and a skin patch.  <P>SOLUTION: The skin patch 1 is constituted of a base material 10 for the skin patch 1 as a nonwoven fabric laminate and an aqueous pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 20. The base material 10 for the skin patch 1 is constituted of the nonwoven fabric 11 and a resin sheet 12 to be laminated on the surface of the nonwoven fabric 11. The aqueous pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 20 is formed on the opposite side surface of the nonwoven fabric 11 to its side where the resin sheet 12 is laminated. A raw material for the nonwoven fabric 11 is a polyether block amide copolymer. The resin sheet 12 shows that the resistance to water pressure is 19,613 Pa or higher and the moisture permeability is 800 g/m<SP>2</SP>/24 h or more.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
PURPOSE: A liquid suspension composition containing 4-5 g of three kinds of branched chain amino acids is provided to have easy medication with a proper dose and to minimize bitter taste. CONSTITUTION: A liquid suspension composition contains: three kinds of branched amino acids including isoleucine, leucine, and valine; a thickener; a pH adjusting agent; and pharmaceutically acceptable additives. The particle size of the branched chain amino acids is 35-100 mesh. A method for manufacturing the composition comprises the steps of: dissolving or suspending the thickener selected among hydroxypropyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and polyvinylpyrrolidone in purified water of room temperature or tepid purified water; adding one kind of the amino acids, selected among isoleucine, leucine, and valine to the suspension solution; adding other two amino acids to the suspension solution at 50°C or lower; and heating and dispersing the mixture at 70-90°C; and adding and dissolving a preservative, a sweetener, and the pH adjusting agent. [Reference numerals] (1) Thickener suspending; (2) Main component dispersing-1; (3) Main component dispersing-2; (4) Raising temperature, Dissolving sterilizing sweetener, pH adjusting agent, etc.; (AA) Purified water, D- sorbitol; (BB) Thickener, Room temperature or lukewarm; (CC) Amino acid type 1, Room temperature or lukewarm; (DD) Amino acid type 2, 50°C or less; (EE) 70-90°C raising temperature; (FF) Cooling to room temperature or lukewarm, charging and packing; (GG) Final product
The beneficial effect of a beta-lactam antibiotic, Ceftriaxone (CEF), to improve depressive-like symptoms has been documented previously, attributed to its modulation of glutamate neurotransmission. Here, we aimed to determine whether CEF could improve LPS-altered glutamatergic signaling associated with neuroinflammation-allied depression. To assess our goals, we established a neuroinflammation-allied depression mice model by injecting lipopolysaccharides (LPS), followed by behavioral and biochemical analysis. LPS-treated mice displayed depressive symptoms, neuroinflammation, dysregulated glutamate and its transporter (GLT-1) expression, altered expression of astrocyte reactive markers (GFAP, cxcl10, steap4, GBP2, and SRGN), and dysregulated BDNF/TrkB signaling. However, these changes were rescued by CEF treatment, as we found decreased neuroinflammation, relief of depression symptoms, and improved GLT-1 and BDNF/TrkB signaling upon CEF treatment. Moreover, GLT-1 and BDNF/TrkB regulation role of CEF was validated by K252a and DHK treatment. In summary, the anti-depressive effects of glutamate modulators, like CEF, are closely related to their anti-inflammatory role.
Staff members (n = 6) of participating study cites will be trained to become Digital Navigators. The recruitment and training of the digital navigators will take place over a period of 4 months (October 2024 to January 2025).
This arm received placebo during 6 months. After this period, all patients received individualized homeopathic medicine for three years.
BACKGROUND: Dry needling is an intervention used by physiotherapists to manage muscle spasticity. We report the effects of three sessions of dry needling on ankle plantar flexor muscle spasticity and cortical excitability in a patient with multiple sclerosis.
CASE PRESENTATION: The patient was a 40-year-old Iranian woman with an 11-year history of multiple sclerosis. The study outcomes were measured by the modified modified Ashworth scale, transcranial magnetic stimulation parameters, and active and passive ankle range of motion. They were assessed before (T0), after three sessions of dry needling (T1), and at 2-week follow-up (T2). Our result showed: the modified modified Ashworth scale was improved at T2 from, 2 to 1. The resting motor threshold decreased from 63 to 61 and 57 at T1 and T2, respectively. The single test motor evokes potential increased from 76.2 to 78.3. The short intracortical inhibition increased from 23.6 to 35.4 at T2. The intracortical facilitation increased from 52 to 76 at T2. The ankle active and passive dorsiflexion ROM increased ~ 10° and ~ 6° at T2, respectively.
CONCLUSION: This case study presented a patient with multiple sclerosis who underwent dry needling of ankle plantar flexors with severe spasticity, and highlighted the successful use of dry needling in the management of spasticity, ankle dorsiflexion, and cortical excitability. Further rigorous investigations are warranted, employing randomized controlled trials with a sufficient sample of patients with multiple sclerosis. Trial registration IRCT20230206057343N1, registered 9 February 2023, https://en.irct.ir/trial/68454.
Subjects will receive 20 mL of EXPAREL 266mg mixed with 10 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine. A total of 30 mL of mixed solution is injected into the thoracolumbar interfacial plane.
Septic acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe form of renal dysfunction associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying septic AKI remain incompletely understood. Herein, we investigated the signaling pathways involved in septic AKI using the mouse models of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). In these models, renal inflammation and tubular cell apoptosis were accompanied by the aberrant activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways. Pharmacological inhibition of either mTOR or STAT3 significantly improved renal function and reduced apoptosis and inflammation. Interestingly, inhibition of STAT3 with pharmacological inhibitors or small interfering RNA blocked LPS-induced mTOR activation in renal tubular cells, indicating a role of STAT3 in mTOR activation. Moreover, knockdown of STAT3 reduced the expression of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 (PIK3R1/p85α), a key subunit of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase for AKT and mTOR activation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay also proved the binding of STAT3 to PIK3R1 gene promoter in LPS-treated kidney tubular cells. In addition, knockdown of PIK3R1 suppressed mTOR activation during LPS treatment. These findings highlight the dysregulation of mTOR and STAT3 pathways as critical mechanisms underlying the inflammatory and apoptotic phenotypes observed in renal tubular cells during septic AKI, suggesting the STAT3/ PIK3R1/mTOR pathway as a therapeutic target of septic AKI.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: SARS-CoV-2 infection, the culprit of the COVID-19 pandemic, has been associated with significant long-term effects on various organ systems, including bone health. This review explores the current understanding of the impacts of SARS-CoV-2 infection on bone health and its potential long-term consequences.
RECENT FINDINGS: As part of the post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, bone health changes are affected by COVID-19 both directly and indirectly, with multiple potential mechanisms and risk factors involved. In vitro and preclinical studies suggest that SARS-CoV-2 may directly infect bone marrow cells, leading to alterations in bone structure and osteoclast numbers. The virus can also trigger a robust inflammatory response, often referred to as a "cytokine storm", which can stimulate osteoclast activity and contribute to bone loss. Clinical evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 may lead to hypocalcemia, altered bone turnover markers, and a high prevalence of vertebral fractures. Furthermore, disease severity has been correlated with a decrease in bone mineral density. Indirect effects of SARS-CoV-2 on bone health, mediated through muscle weakness, mechanical unloading, nutritional deficiencies, and corticosteroid use, also contribute to the long-term consequences. The interplay of concurrent conditions such as diabetes, obesity, and kidney dysfunction with SARS-CoV-2 infection further complicates the disease's impact on bone health. SARS-CoV-2 infection directly and indirectly affects bone health, leading to potential long-term consequences. This review article is part of a series of multiple manuscripts designed to determine the utility of using artificial intelligence for writing scientific reviews.
Overlapping gastrointestinal symptoms of functional gastrointestinal diseases (FGIDs) is an internationally recognized modern medical treatment problem. More than 40.7% of people worldwide suffer from more than one FGIDs.Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and functional dyspepsia (FD) are common FGIDs. Clinically, the symptom overlap between GERD and FD is very common. Some studies show that 31.32% of FD and 41.15% of FD overlap GERD overlaps with FD, and the presence of FD reduces the response of GERD patients to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).At present, the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal symptoms overlap in FGIDs is not clear, and there is a lack of effective and systematic treatment. Non erosive reflux disease (NERD) and epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) are common subtypes of GERD and FD. Nerd accounts for about 70% of GERD patients and EPS accounts for more than 50% of FD patients. Long-term use of PPI can lead to many side effects, even dependency. The treatment of traditional Chinese medicine compound has the characteristics of individualized syndrome differentiation and the advantage of "treating different diseases at the same time". It has a significant effect on the overlap of gastrointestinal symptoms in clinic.
The application discloses schizophyllum commune, a microbial inoculum containing the schizophyllum commune, oat bran fermentation liquor, a preparation method and application thereof. Schizophyllum Wbsh-01 (Schizophyllum commune) is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC), address: the preservation date of the Beijing Chaoyang area North Star Xilu No. 1, no. 3, 100101 is 2023, 03 and 09, and the preservation number is CGMCC No.40388. According to the application, the schizophyllum commune is screened out, and the schizophyllum commune is combined with a specific fermentation process to fully extract active ingredients in the oat bran, so that the loss of the active ingredients is reduced, and the skin care effect of the oat bran is better exerted. Compared with the existing schizophyllum commune, the extract has more ideal beautifying effect, does not need to add an organic solvent in the extraction process, realizes energy conservation and environmental protection, effectively avoids organic solvent residues, and improves the safety of products.
Ethambutol hydrochloride is an oral chemotherapeutic agent which is specifically effective against actively growing microorganisms of the genus Mycobacterium, including M. tuberculosis. Ethambutol hydrochloride is a white, crystalline powder, It is freely soluble in water; soluble in alcohol and in methanol. The structural formula is:

C10H24N2O2•2HCl M.W. 277.23

(+)-2,2’ (Ethylenediimino)-di-1-butanol dihydrochloride

Each tablet, for oral administration, contains 100 mg or 400 mg Ethambutol Hydrochloride. In addition, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, corn starch, magnesium stearate, povidone and talc. Film coating contains: ethyl cellulose, hypromellose, macrogol, propylene glycol, talc and titanium dioxide.
RF needle is inserted at three levels in the upper , middle and lower part of the area between the SIJ and the lateral aspects of the ipsilateral dorsal sacral foramina. after sensory and motor stimulation, monopolar lesion RF at 80oc for 90 sec will be applied.
Gene-editing technology, specifically the CRISPR-Cas13a system, has shown promise in breeding plants resistant to RNA viruses. This system targets RNA and, theoretically, can also combat RNA-based viroids. To test this, the CRISPR-Cas13a system was introduced into tomato plants via transient expression and into Nicotiana benthamiana through transgenic methods, using CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) targeting the conserved regions of both sense and antisense genomes of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd). In tomato plants, the expression of CRISPR-Cas13a and crRNAs substantially reduced PSTVd accumulation and alleviated disease symptoms. In transgenic N. benthamiana plants, the PSTVd levels were lower as compared to wild-type plants. Several effective crRNAs targeting the PSTVd genomic RNA were also identified. These results demonstrate that the CRISPR-Cas13a system can effectively target and combat viroid RNAs, despite their compact structures.