anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The effects of metal exposure on kidney function have been reported in previous literature. There is limited and inconsistent information on the associations between individual and combined exposures to metals and kidney function among the middle-aged and older population. The aim of this study was to clarify the associations of exposure to individual metals with kidney function while accounting for potential coexposure to metal mixtures and to evaluate the joint and interactive associations of blood metals with kidney function. A total of 1669 adults aged 40 years and older were enrolled in the present cross-sectional study using the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Single-metal and multimetal multivariable logistic regression models, quantile G-computation, and Bayesian kernel machine regression models (BKMR) were fitted to explore the individual and joint associations of whole blood metals [lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), and selenium (Se)] with the odds of decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria. A decreased eGFR was defined as an eGFR ≤ 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2, and albuminuria was categorized as a urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) of ≥ 30.0 mg/g. The results from quantile G-computation and BKMR indicated positive associations between exposure to the metal mixture and the prevalence of decreased eGFR and albuminuria (all P values < 0.05). These positive associations were mainly driven by blood Co, Cd, and Pb. Furthermore, blood Mn was identified as an influential element contributing to an inverse correlation with kidney dysfunction within metal mixtures. Increasing blood Se levels were negatively associated with the prevalence of decreased eGFR and positively associated with albuminuria. In addition, a potential pairwise interaction between Mn-Co on decreased eGFR was identified by BKMR analysis. Findings from our study suggested a positive association between exposure to the whole blood metal mixture and decreased kidney function, with blood Co, Pb, and Cd being the main contributors to this association, while Mn demonstrated an inverse relationship with renal dysfunction. However, as our study was cross-sectional in nature, further prospective studies are warranted to better understand the individual and combined effects of metals on kidney function.
BACKGROUND: Deep hypothermia has been the standard for hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA) during aortic arch surgery. However, centers worldwide have shifted toward lesser hypothermia with antegrade cerebral perfusion. This has been supported by retrospective data, but there has yet to be a multicenter, prospective randomized study comparing deep versus moderate hypothermia during HCA.
METHODS: This was a randomized single-blind trial (GOT ICE [Cognitive Effects of Body Temperature During Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest]) of patients undergoing arch surgery with HCA plus antegrade cerebral perfusion at 4 US referral aortic centers (August 2016-December 2021). Patients were randomized to 1 of 3 hypothermia groups: DP, deep (≤20.0 °C); LM, low-moderate (20.1-24.0 °C); and HM, high-moderate (24.1-28.0 °C). The primary outcome was composite global cognitive change score between baseline and 4 weeks postoperatively. Analysis followed the intention-to-treat principle to evaluate if: (1) LM noninferior to DP on global cognitive change score; (2) DP superior to HM. The secondary outcomes were domain-specific cognitive change scores, neuroimaging findings, quality of life, and adverse events.
RESULTS: A total of 308 patients consented; 282 met inclusion and were randomized. A total of 273 completed surgery, and 251 completed the 4-week follow-up (DP, 85 [34%]; LM, 80 [34%]; HM, 86 [34%]). Mean global cognitive change score from baseline to 4 weeks in the LM group was noninferior to the DP group; likewise, no significant difference was observed between DP and HM. Noninferiority of LM versus DP, and lack of difference between DP and HM, remained for domain-specific cognitive change scores, except structured verbal memory, with noninferiority of LM versus DP not established and structured verbal memory better preserved in DP versus HM (P = 0.036). There were no significant differences in structural or functional magnetic resonance imaging brain imaging between groups postoperatively. Regardless of temperature, patients who underwent HCA demonstrated significant reductions in cerebral gray matter volume, cortical thickness, and regional brain functional connectivity. Thirty-day in-hospital mortality, major morbidity, and quality of life were not different between groups.
CONCLUSIONS: This randomized multicenter study evaluating arch surgery HCA temperature strategies found low-moderate hypothermia noninferior to traditional deep hypothermia on global cognitive change 4 weeks after surgery, although in secondary analysis, structured verbal memory was better preserved in the deep group. The verbal memory differences in the low- and high-moderate groups and structural and functional connectivity reductions from baseline merit further investigation and suggest opportunities to further optimize brain perfusion during HCA.
REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT02834065.
Aim 1: Determine stakeholders' preferences and needs for two key AAC intervention components: (a) service delivery and (b) strategies to enhance treatment adherence. Researchers will conduct and analyze interviews with ten caregivers and ten speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to assess the acceptability of different service delivery models (e.g., in person, telehealth, hybrid). Interviews will also focus on identifying strategies (e.g., text-message reminders, video modeling) with the potential to support caregivers' adherence and promote generalization to new activities. Results will inform AAC intervention development (Aim 2).

Aim 2: Develop an AAC intervention through iterative testing cycles. Researchers will conduct six multiple-baseline designs to investigate the effects of an AAC intervention on caregivers' AAC intervention strategy use (primary outcome) and children's communication acts (secondary outcome). Six caregiver-child dyads will receive 24 in-person intervention sessions, during which the therapist will teach caregivers to use AAC and language facilitation strategies during family-selected routines. Social validity will be assessed via weekly questionnaires and a post-intervention interview. In this experiment, the feasibility of in-person delivery is investigated to establish the acceptability and effects of the intervention procedures before pilot testing hybrid delivery. Results will inform modifications which will be tested in a hybrid delivery model (Aim 3).

Aim 3: Conduct a pilot test of a hybrid telehealth AAC intervention. Researchers will employ a combination multiple probe design to investigate the feasibility of a hybrid telehealth AAC intervention. Nine caregiver-child dyads will receive 24 intervention sessions (8 in-person, 16 telehealth) which include coaching on AAC and language facilitation strategies. The investigators hypothesize that the intervention will increase caregivers' AAC intervention strategy use (primary outcome) and children's communication acts (secondary outcome). Child communication outcomes and caregivers' social validity assessments will be explored to inform a future large-scale trial.
The invention provides novel α E CX cleavage fragments of fibrinogen and methods for detecting and purifying these fragments. The method of the invention also includes a diagnostic method for determining fibrinolytic states or atherogenesis in a mammal. Methods of treating disease characterized by fibrinogen metabolism are also disclosed. In addition, the invention also provides monospecific antibodies which are specifically reactive with α E C domain of fibrinogen. Also provided, are DNA and RNA molecules that encode α E C cleavage fragments of fibrinogen. In addition, the present invention includes a vector and a host cell capable of expressing α E CX cleavage fragments of fibrinogen.
Saline joint lavage represents a potentially simple, low-risk and minimal-cost intervention which has not been previously studied for the purpose of reducing the post-fracture inflammatory burden in human subjects. Open joint lavage at the time of definitive surgical fixation is within the standard of care, but typically occurs greater than 10 days after injury by which time cartilage degradation has already begun. Early, saline lavage during initial presentation to the emergency department may theoretically alter the progression of the intra-articular inflammatory response by evacuating the bulk of the developing synovial-fluid fracture hematoma.

The vast majority of ankle fractures present to the ER or urgent care within a day of fracture. Moreover, a large subset of these fractures require reduction (fracture setting) that is painful. It is our standard of care to perform an intra-articular lidocaine injection before reduction. We will take advantage of this standard of care needle insertion to the fractured ankle to perform saline joint lavage to diminish this early inflammatory burden. Adult patients presenting to the Duke University Hospital Emergency Department with an intra-articular fracture of the ankle joint between 0-48 hours from the time of injury will be eligible for inclusion. Patients will be randomized into one of two groups: 1) intra-articular saline lavage, vs 2) no intra-articular saline lavage. Intra-articular aspiration of synovial fluid from the injured ankle will occur both at the time of presentation to the emergency department and at the time of surgery. These synovial fluid samples will be analyzed for differences in key pro-inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases and cartilage breakdown products to determine if early saline lavage effects the composition of the synovial fluid micro-environment.
The intervention consists of 8 nursing consultations with a mental health nurse trained in healthy habits for individuals with psychosis. During the first 2 months, 4 consultations will focus on dietary habits based on the carbohydrate-insulin theory and physical activity, following a guide developed by experts, incorporating recommendations from the American Diabetes Association. Visits 5 and 6 occur at 3 and 4 months; visit 7 at 6 months to evaluate effectiveness, and visit 8 at 12 months. Weight will be monitored throughout. Assessments at baseline, 6, and 12 months will include labs, vital signs, and scales for psychopathology, quality of life, and activity level. Each session covers key topics, from intervention goals to diet tips and physical activity. The approach is flexible, aiming for gradual habit integration, supported by a therapeutic relationship. Phone reminders will enhance adherence.
Memantine hydrochloride is an orally active NMDA receptor antagonist. The chemical name for memantine hydrochloride is 1-amino-3,5-dimethyladamantane hydrochloride with the following structural formula:

The molecular formula is C12H21N•HCl and the molecular weight is 215.76. Memantine HCl occurs as a white, crystalline powder and is soluble in water.

Memantine hydrochloride is available as tablets. Memantine hydrochloride is available for oral administration as capsule-shaped, film-coated tablets containing 5 mg and 10 mg of memantine hydrochloride. The tablets also contain the following inactive ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, NF, Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous, USP, Croscarmellose Sodium, NF, Colloidal Silicon Dioxide, NF, Magnesium Stearate, NF. In addition the following inactive ingredients are also present as components of the film coat: Hypromellose 2910 NF, Titanium Dioxide, NF, Polyethylene Glycol, NF, FD&C Yellow 6 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Blue 2 Aluminum Lake (5 mg tablets), and Hypromellose 2910 NF, Titanium Dioxide, Triacetin, NF, Black Iron Oxide, NF, Yellow Iron Oxide, NF, Red Iron Oxide, NF (10 mg tablets).
The effectiveness of Sodium Oxybate Oral Solution in the treatment of cataplexy was established in two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, parallel-group trials (Trials N1 and N2) in patients with narcolepsy (see Table 5). In Trials N1 and N2, 85% and 80% of patients, respectively, were also being treated with CNS stimulants. The high percentages of concomitant stimulant use make it impossible to assess the efficacy and safety of Sodium Oxybate Oral Solution independent of stimulant use. In each trial, the treatment period was 4 weeks and the total nightly Sodium Oxybate Oral Solution doses ranged from 3 g to 9 g, with the total nightly dose administered as two equal doses. The first dose each night was taken at bedtime and the second dose was taken 2.5 to 4 hours later. There were no restrictions on the time between food consumption and dosing.

Trial N1 enrolled 136 narcoleptic patients with moderate to severe cataplexy (median of 21 cataplexy attacks per week) at baseline. Prior to randomization, medications with possible effects on cataplexy were withdrawn, but stimulants were continued at stable doses. Patients were randomized to receive placebo, Sodium Oxybate Oral Solution 3 g per night, Sodium Oxybate Oral Solution 6 g per night, or Sodium Oxybate Oral Solution 9 g per night.

Trial N2 was a randomized-withdrawal trial with 55 narcoleptic patients who had been taking open-label Sodium Oxybate Oral Solution for 7 to 44 months prior to study entry. To be included, patients were required to have a history of at least 5 cataplexy attacks per week prior to any treatment for cataplexy. Patients were randomized to continued treatment with Sodium Oxybate Oral Solution at their stable dose (ranging from 3 g to 9 g per night) or to placebo for 2 weeks. Trial N2 was designed specifically to evaluate the continued efficacy of sodium oxybate after long-term use.

The primary efficacy measure in Trials N1 and N2 was the frequency of cataplexy attacks.

Table 5  
Median Number of Cataplexy Attacks in Trials N1 and N2

In Trial N1, both the 6 g and 9 g per night Sodium Oxybate Oral Solution doses resulted in statistically significant reductions in the frequency of cataplexy attacks. The 3 g per night dose had little effect. In Trial N2, patients randomized to placebo after discontinuing long-term open-label Sodium Oxybate Oral Solution therapy experienced a significant increase in cataplexy attacks (p<0.001), providing evidence of long-term efficacy of Sodium Oxybate Oral Solution. In Trial N2, the response was numerically similar for patients treated with doses of 6 g to 9 g per night, but there was no effect seen in patients treated with doses less than 6 g per night, suggesting little effect at these doses.
PURPOSE:To provide the titled drug containing the milk or milk component taken from an animal immunized with a virus proliferable in the digestive organ of man, as an active component, and useful for the prevention and remedy of diarrhea and hepatitis caused by the virus. CONSTITUTION:An aminal (e.g. cow) is immunized with a virus (e.g., rotavirus, hepatitis virus, etc.) proliferable in the digestive organs of man, and the milk taken from the animal, especially colostrum or its milk component is used as a component of the objective drug. Concretely, an animal of 6-9 months pregnancy is immunized with a virus (e.g. rotavirus, adenovirus, calicivirus, etc. for the remedy of diarrhea, and A-, B- and non-A and non-B-type virus for the remedy for hepatitis), by inoculating the amimal with the virus or virus vaccine subcutaneously or intramuscularly every 7-14 days for 3-6 times, the colostrum exudated after 1-3 days from delivery is collected, and the milk is used as it is or in the form of powdered milk as the preventive or remedy for the diseases preferably by oral administration.
Various embodiments of a video-based fall risk assessment system are disclosed. During operation, this fall risk assessment system can receives a sequence of video frames including a person being monitored for fall risk assessment. The system next generates a sequence of action labels for the sequence of video frames by, for each video frame in the sequence of video frames: estimating a pose of the person within the video frame; and classifying the estimated pose as a given action among a set of predetermined actions. Next, the system identifies a subset of action labels within the sequence of action labels. The system next extracts a set of gait features for the person from a subset of video frames within the sequence of video frames corresponding to the subset of action labels. Subsequently, the system analyzes the set of extracted gait features to generate a fall risk assessment for the person. In some embodiments, the sequence of video frames is captured during a predetermined time period, such as an hour, a day, or a week.
Subjects will be identified by diagnosis and procedure codes from a university surgical practice and the St. John Medical Center Cancer Registry. Data will be obtained by review of both the clinic and hospital charts. In addition we plan to review and utilize liver tumor treatment and outcomes data from a national database. Treatment decisions, in cases managed by the primary investigator, were made on a clinical basis, often in collaboration with an interventional radiologist. Of the patients managed by the principal investigator, all procedures were undertaken after an informed consent process. Subjects were not exposed to risk beyond that posed by the recommended treatment. All treatments were within the scope of standard medical care. The primary investigator has no knowledge of the treatments chosen for the patients he did not manage. The subject's referring physician may be contacted to obtain follow-up data on the subject. The follow-up data will include: is the patient alive with disease; alive without disease, alive unknown; dead free of disease; dead with disease; dead unknown.
Patients who are previously scheduled for diagnostic coronary angiography will be approached for consent to be part of the study. If the patient is found to have one or two vessel disease and it is planned by the interventional cardiologist that FFR will be used, then the previously consented patient will be deemed appropriate for the study. The standard procedure will be followed for FFR testing using regadenoson. The patient will then receive the standard dose of Tc-99m sestamibi. The interventional cardiologist will proceed with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) if appropriate. Patients will proceed to the cardiac catheterization laboratory holding area post procedure. Patients will then be scheduled to be taken to the nuclear cardiology laboratory one to three hours following the coronary angiogram for standard SPECT acquisition. Patients will be monitored for 2-6 hours or overnight as clinically indicated following diagnostic coronary angiography and PCI. Low dose resting myocardial perfusion scanning may be performed the next day if stress myocardial perfusion study was abnormal.
Anti-viral compounds with low cytotoxicity are identified from screening of products found in Red Sea sponges, including the sponge  Stylissa carteri . The identified compounds can be brominated pyrrole-2-aminoimidazole alkaloids and derivatives thereof. Specific examples of identified compounds include oroidin, hymenialdisine, and debromohymenialdisine, as well as derivatives thereof. The compounds also can be useful scaffolds or pharmacores for further chemical modification and derivatization. Selected compounds, particularly oroidin, show selective anti-viral HIV-1 activity coupled with reduced cytotoxicity. The compounds can function as HIV reverse-transcriptase inhibitors, and molecular modeling can be used to confirm inhibition.
In addition to the standard analgesia as explained for group A, Music will be played from the "Baby Go to Sleep" playlist which includes nursery rhymes and lullabies metonymized to an actual human heartbeat (Houser, 1994). Music will start after the baby settles on the board and before the surgeon starts the procedure.
Medication adherence is a critical issue for HIV infected children and adolescents because of drug resistance and the increased complexity of treatment regimens. Children and adolescents with HIV face depression, anxiety, denial, and rebellion that may interfere with their motivation to take medication. Depression and self-perceived social support have been found to predict regimen adherence in adults with HIV. Children with other chronic diseases are less likely to adhere to their medication regimens if they also have behavioral or emotional problems; assessing emotional and behavioral function in children and adolescents with HIV may help in predicting adherence and explaining adherence failure. This study will correlate cognitive, behavioral, and psychosocial functioning with measures of virologic suppression and immunological status, and it will compare self-report and pill count measures of adherence in a randomly selected subset of perinatally infected HIV participants of PACTG 219C.

Children and adolescents currently enrolled in PACTG 219C will be randomly selected for this study, which will last for 48 weeks. At entry, participants will undergo neuropsychological evaluation, including academic achievement, attention, memory, language comprehension, and behavior assessments, and complete a health beliefs questionnaire. Both the participants and their parents or primary caregivers will complete questionnaires at study entry and Weeks 24 and 48. Adherence will be evaluated from self-reported and pill count measures (Weeks 4 and 24) and the PACTG 219C Adherence Module (Weeks 24 and 48).
Tai Chi exercise program will create by selecting the first-basic 10 forms from 24 short forms of Yang style. The forms' name: Beginning, Parting the Horse's Mane, Stork Spreading Its Wings, Brushing Your Knees and Stepping, Playing The Pipes, Fending Off the Monkey, Grasping the Sparrow's Tail Left, Grasping the Sparrow's Tail Right, Simple Whip, Moving Hands Like Clouds-Conclusion. All forms will be completed at 10 weeks. Each session will take 1 hour (15 min for warming up exercises, 30 min of Tai Chi forms, and 15 min for cooling down exercises). The 14 patients of SS in this group will be divided into two groups of 7.
Subjects will participate in a structured restorative yoga program. Subjects will attend a 60 minute restorative yoga class twice a week for 8 weeks in a yoga studio.