anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and other dementias is steadily climbing and predicted to affect as many as 16 million Americans by 2050. In 2016, 59% of dementia caregivers reported experiencing high levels of emotional and physical stress, and the risk that the chronic stress of dementia caregiving places on caregivers for developing a range of physical and mental health issues is extensively documented. Caregiving-related stress contributes to social isolation, loneliness, and physical illness and increases the risk of caregiver death. Interventions for dementia caregivers have primarily focused on reducing negative emotions and burden. However, over the past few decades, it has become clear that positive emotions are uniquely related to better psychological and physical well-being, independent of the effects of negative emotion suggesting that an intervention that specifically targets positive emotion holds promise for improving caregiver well-being and, ultimately, quality of care for the individual living with AD. The investigators' recent randomized trial of the positive emotion skills intervention, delivered by trained facilitators via the web in N = 170 family caregivers of people with dementia resulted in significant improvements in caregiver psychological well being. However, facilitator-delivered interventions are costly and difficult to implement with fidelity on a large scale. Furthermore, a major challenge to advancing behavioral interventions delivered by trained facilitators is assuring fidelity. The investigators have developed a self-guided online version of the intervention that has shown feasibility and acceptability in several samples, but this version does not capture the critical social connection aspects of the facilitator-delivered intervention. The investigators propose to take the next step toward closing the science-to-practice gap for the positive emotion regulation intervention by tailoring the self-guided online version specifically for dementia caregivers that incorporates the social connection components to combat the loneliness and isolation experienced by many Alzheimer's caregivers. The intervention, called SAGE-LEAF (Social Augmentation of self-Guided Electronic delivery of the Life Enhancing Activities for Family caregivers), leverages the lessons learned from the original LEAF project and adapts its positive emotion intervention to AD caregivers in a self-guided format while incorporating social connection components and adaptive system feedback mechanisms to promote intervention adherence.
Up to 60 children (6-21 years of age) with a diagnosis of chronic liver disease, including some who will have portal hypertension who are followed at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) will be enrolled in this arm. A SHAPE measurement using the ultrasound contrast agent Sonazoid® (perfluorobutane microbubbles) will be performed during a single visit. A dose of three vials with 16 μL each of microbubbles will be prepared. An infusion of the ultrasound contrast agent at the rate of 0.18 mL/kg/hour will be co-infused with an infusion of saline at the rate of 120 mL/hour resulting in an effective dosage of 1.44 μL microbubbles/kg/hour as per the FDA approved IND through an IV line in a peripheral vein. The total duration of contrast agent infusion is expected to range from 4 to 8 minutes, which includes a 2 min calibration period followed by 2-6 minutes of SHAPE acquisition (i.e., ultrasound imaging).
NLRP inflammasomes are a group of cytosolic multiprotein oligomer pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) involved in the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) produced by infected cells. They regulate innate immunity by triggering a protective inflammatory response. However, despite their protective role, aberrant NLPR inflammasome activation and gain-of-function mutations in NLRP sensor proteins are involved in occurrence and enhancement of non-communicating autoimmune, auto-inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. In the last few years, significant advances have been achieved in the understanding of the NLRP inflammasome physiological functions and their molecular mechanisms of activation, as well as therapeutics that target NLRP inflammasome activity in inflammatory diseases. Here, we provide the latest research progress on NLRP inflammasomes, including NLRP1, CARD8, NLRP3, NLRP6, NLRP7, NLRP2, NLRP9, NLRP10, and NLRP12 regarding their structural and assembling features, signaling transduction and molecular activation mechanisms. Importantly, we highlight the mechanisms associated with NLRP inflammasome dysregulation involved in numerous human auto-inflammatory, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative diseases. Overall, we summarize the latest discoveries in NLRP biology, their forming inflammasomes, and their role in health and diseases, and provide therapeutic strategies and perspectives for future studies about NLRP inflammasomes.
Pregabalin is described chemically as (S)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid. The molecular formula is C8H17NO2 and the molecular weight is 159.23. The chemical structure of pregabalin is: 

Pregabalin is a white to off-white, crystalline solid with a pKa1 of 4.2 and a pKa2 of 10.6. It is freely soluble in water and both basic and acidic aqueous solutions. The log of the partition coefficient (n-octanol/0.05M phosphate buffer) at pH 7.4 is – 1.35. 

Pregabalin capsules are administered orally and are supplied as imprinted hard-shell capsules containing 25 mg, 50 mg, 75 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg, 200 mg, 225 mg, and 300 mg of pregabalin, along with pregelatinized starch and talc. The capsule shells contain gelatin and titanium dioxide. In addition, the orange capsule shells contain red iron oxide and white capsule shells contain sodium lauryl sulfate.

Each capsule shell is imprinted with black pharmaceutical ink which contains: butyl alcohol, dehydrated alcohol, ferrosoferric oxide, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol, potassium hydroxide, purified water, strong ammonia solution and shellac.
Specific recommendations for patient treatment are as follows:

SKIN TYPES I, II, & III. Patients with skin types I, II, and III may be treated 2 or 3 times per week. UVA exposure may be held constant or increased by up to 1.0 J/cm2 at each treatment, according to the patient's response. If erythema occurs, however, do not increase exposure time until erythema resolves. The severity and extent of the patient's erythema may be used to determine whether the next exposure should be shortened, omitted, or maintained at the previous dosage. (See ADVERSE REACTIONS.)

SKIN TYPES IV, V, & VI. Patients with skin types IV, V, and VI may be treated 2 or 3 times per week. UVA exposure may be held constant or increased by up to 1.5 J/cm2 at each treatment unless erythema occurs. If erythema occurs, follow instructions outlined above in the procedures for patients with skin types I, II, and III.

ERYTHRODERMIC PSORIASIS. Patients with erythrodermic psoriasis should be treated with special attention because pre-existing erythema may obscure observations of possible treatment-related phototoxic erythema. These patients may be treated 2 or 3 times per week, as a Type I patient.

MISCELLANEOUS SITUATIONS:

If there is no response after a total of 10 treatments, the exposure of UVA energy may be increased by an additional 0.5–1.0 J/cm2 above the prior incremental increases for each treatment. (Example: a patient whose exposure dosage is being increased by 1.0 J/cm2 may now have all subsequent doses increased by 1.5–2.0 J/cm2.)

If there is no response, or only minimal response, after 15 treatments, the dosage of methoxsalen may be increased by 10 mg (a one-time increase in dosage). This increased dosage may be continued for the remainder of the course of treatment but should not be exceeded.

If a patient misses a treatment, the UVA exposure time of the next treatment should not be increased. If more than one treatment is missed, reduce the exposure by 0.5 J/cm2 for each treatment missed.

If the lower extremities are not responding as well as the rest of the body and do not show erythema, cover all other body areas and give 25 % of the present exposure dose as an additional exposure to the lower extremities. This additional exposure to the lower extremities should be terminated if erythema develops on these areas.

Non-responsive psoriasis: If a patient's generalized psoriasis is not responding, or if the condition appears to be worsening during treatment, the possibility of a generalized phototoxic reaction should be considered. This may be confirmed by the improvement of the condition following temporary discontinuance of this therapy for two weeks. If no improvement occurs during the interruption of treatment, this patient may be considered a treatment failure.
They will be treated with a single dose of rituximab 375mg/m2, once, by intravenous infusion 3-10 days prior to initiation of planned R-CHOP-like chemoimmunotherapy, and prednisone 50mg to 100 mg (preferred dose is 100mg) PO daily for 5-7 days (preferred duration is 7 days) of the 14 days prior to initiation of planned R-CHOP, R-EPOCH or R-CEPP chemoimmunotherapy. Pre-phase therapy may be given in either the inpatient or outpatient setting. After completion of a single course of pre-phase rituximab and prednisone as described above, further treatment will be according to the choice of the attending physician, in accordance with appropriate medical practice. It is expected, based on the inclusion criteria, that patients enrolled on the pre-phase arm will most often receive initial therapy consisting of R-CHOP, R-EPOCH or RCEPP chemoimmunotherapy for ≥ 2 cycles, but alternative therapies as deemed appropriate by the treating physician will not be considered violations of this protocol.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves carrying out daily control of exhaling peak velocity using peakflowmeter device. The exhaling peak velocity is measured before and on the background of transcutaneous administration of estrogen at a dose of 25-100 mcg. The results are compared during 3-4 days. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness in selecting treatment method in perimenopause period. 2 dwg
The present invention relates to a medicinal compound for curing diseases of gastrointestinal tracts, a preparation method thereof and a relevant medicine. The medicinal compound is a lafutidine polybasic carboxylic acid bismuth compound or a solvate thereof, wherein the carboxylic acid is a polybasic carboxylic acid which at least comprises three carboxyl functional groups; the structure of the carboxylic acid is disclosed in the first formula; n in the first formula is larger than or equal to 3. Solvents in the solvate of the compound are solvents which can be accepted by pharmaceutics. Lafutidine and the relevant polybasic carboxylic acid bismuth compound react under the condition that the lafutidine and the relevant polybasic carboxylic acid compound are heated to the temperature of less than or equal to 100 DEG C in water, and then, the medicinal compound is manufactured by that the lafutidine and the relevant polybasic carboxylic acid bismuth compound are separated. The medicinal compound is an effective drug ingredient and is mixed with auxiliary additional ingredients which can be accepted by pharmacy, and oral drugs can be prepared from the medicinal compound and the auxiliary additional ingredients according to the preparation method described on the pharmacy. The present invention has the satisfied functions of repressing the secretion of gastric acids and protecting gastric mucosae, and meanwhile, the functions of resisting helicobacter pylori can be also enhanced, the medicinal compound can prompt ulcer healing, can eliminate the helicobacter pylori and can reduce ulcer recurrence.
The intent of this protocol is to accrue up to 800 volunteers who are interested in participating in NIA research studies as part of follow-up for previous cancer treatment at NIH. Participants will be asked to answer questions regarding their general health status, diagnoses, and admissions to hospital, and to provide possible documentation. They may be asked to come to the NIA Clinical Research Unit at Harbor Hospital to participate in a follow-up evaluation. They will have the opportunity to obtain additional information about studies in which they may wish to participate and to discuss eligibility issues with NIA staff members. Any identified clinical problems in need of care will also be discussed. Volunteers may be referred, with their permission, to their private medical doctor for follow-up. They may be re-evaluated within a year for further follow-up.

The follow-up evaluation may include history and physical, blood and urine tests, questionnaire, MRI or CT.
Adult Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

In two clinical studies (Studies A and B), adult patients with type 1 diabetes (Study A, n=585, Study B n=534) were randomized to 28 weeks of basal-bolus treatment with LANTUS or NPH insulin. Regular human insulin was administered before each meal. LANTUS was administered at bedtime. NPH insulin was administered either as once daily at bedtime or in the morning and at bedtime when used twice daily.

In Study A, the average age was 39 years. The majority of patients were White (99%) and 56% were male. The mean BMI was approximately 24.9 kg/m2. The mean duration of diabetes was 16 years.

In Study B, the average age was 39 years. The majority of patients were White (95%) and 51% were male. The mean BMI was approximately 25.8 kg/m2. The mean duration of diabetes was 17 years.

In another clinical study (Study C), patients with type 1 diabetes (n=619) were randomized to 16 weeks of basal-bolus treatment with LANTUS or NPH insulin. Insulin lispro was used before each meal. LANTUS was administered once daily at bedtime and NPH insulin was administered once or twice daily. The average age was 39 years. The majority of patients were White (97%) and 51% were male. The mean BMI was approximately 25.6 kg/m2. The mean duration of diabetes was 19 years.

In these 3 adult studies, LANTUS and NPH insulin had similar effects on HbA1c (Table 9) with a similar overall rate of severe symptomatic hypoglycemia [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

In a randomized, controlled clinical study (Study D), pediatric patients (age range 6 to 15 years) with type 1 diabetes (n=349) were treated for 28 weeks with a basal-bolus insulin regimen where regular human insulin was used before each meal. LANTUS was administered once daily at bedtime and NPH insulin was administered once or twice daily. The average age was 11.7 years. The majority of patients were White (97%) and 52% were male. The mean BMI was approximately 18.9 kg/m2. The mean duration of diabetes was 5 years. Similar effects on HbA1c (Table 10) were observed in both treatment groups [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].
System dynamics approaches are increasingly addressing the complexity of public health problems such as childhood overweight and obesity. These approaches often use system mapping methods, such as the construction of causal loop diagrams, to gain an understanding of the system of interest. However, there is limited practical guidance on how such a system understanding can inform the development of an action programme that can facilitate systems changes. The Lifestyle Innovations Based on Youth Knowledge and Experience (LIKE) programme combines system dynamics and participatory action research to improve obesity-related behaviours, including diet, physical activity, sleep and sedentary behaviour, in 10-14-year-old adolescents in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. This paper illustrates how we used a previously obtained understanding of the system of obesity-related behaviours in adolescents to develop an action programme to facilitate systems changes. A team of evaluation researchers guided interdisciplinary action-groups throughout the process of identifying mechanisms, applying the Intervention Level Framework to identify leverage points and arriving at action ideas with aligning theories of change. The LIKE action programme consisted of 8 mechanisms, 9 leverage points and 14 action ideas which targeted the system's structure and function within multiple subsystems. This illustrates the feasibility of developing actions targeting higher system levels within the confines of a research project timeframe when sufficient and dedicated effort in this process is invested. Furthermore, the system dynamics action programme presented in this study contributes towards the development and implementation of public health programmes that aim to facilitate systems changes in practice.
The efficacy of Lynparza in the treatment of patients with mCRPC was investigated in PROpel (NCT03732820), a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center study that compared the efficacy of Lynparza in combination with abiraterone with placebo plus abiraterone for patients with mCRPC. Patients (n=796) were randomized (1:1) to receive Lynparza tablets 300 mg orally twice daily in combination with abiraterone 1000 mg daily (n=399) compared with placebo plus abiraterone (n=397). All patients received either prednisone or prednisolone 5 mg twice daily, and a GnRH analog or prior bilateral orchiectomy. Patients with prior treatment with abiraterone were excluded. Prior docetaxel for localized or metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) was allowed. Randomization was stratified by metastases (bone only, visceral, or other) and docetaxel treatment at mHSPC stage (yes or no). Lynparza treatment was continued until objective radiological disease progression determined by investigator or unacceptable toxicity.

BRCA gene mutation (BRCAm) status was assessed after randomization and before primary analysis by both NGS-based tumor tissue and ctDNA tests. BRCAm classification criteria in line with the FDA approved assays were used to determine the deleterious and suspected deleterious somatic or germline mutation status of patients. 

The major efficacy outcome measure was investigator-assessed rPFS evaluated according to RECIST, version 1.1 and Prostate Cancer Working Group (PCWG3) (bone) criteria. Overall survival (OS) was an additional efficacy outcome measure.

Of the 796 patients tested, 85 (11%) had BRCAm determined by either a positive ctDNA test (9%) or a tumor tissue test (6%). Among these 85 patients, the median age was 68 years (range 43 to 85), and 67% were 65 years or older; 72% were White, 22% Asian, and 2% Black or African American; 66% had ECOG performance status (PS) 0 and 34% had ECOG PS 1; 25% had prior docetaxel treatment for mHSPC; 53% had bone-only metastases, 15% had visceral metastases, and 32% had other metastases. 

A statistically significant improvement in rPFS for Lynparza/abiraterone compared to placebo/abiraterone was observed in the intention to treat (ITT) population. In an exploratory analysis in the subgroup of 711 patients without an identified BRCAm, the rPFS hazard ratio was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.96) and the OS hazard ratio was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.74, 1.14), indicating that the improvement in the ITT population was primarily attributed to the results seen in the subgroup of patients with BRCAm. 

Results of an exploratory analysis in the subgroup of 85 patients on PROpel with BRCAm are summarized in Table 28 and Figure 12 and 13.

Results from the BICR assessment were consistent with the investigator-assessed rPFS results.

Figure 12 Kaplan-Meier Curves of rPFS – PROpel (Patients with BRCAm, Investigator Assessment)

Figure 13 Kaplan-Meier Curves of OS – PROpel (Patients with BRCAm)
PURPOSE:A solid cosmetic having physiologically improved properties to the skin, obtained by blending specific amounts of fats and oils with powder, adding a volatile solvent as a filler auxiliary to the blend, packing it to a saucer in a compact, volatilizing the solvent, followed by press molding it at low pressure, if necessary. CONSTITUTION:30-55wt% fats and oils are blended with 70-45wt% powder, a volatile solvent is added to the blend, so that it is fluidized. It is packed into a saucer in a compact, etc., the volatile solvent is evaporated, and, if necessary, it is press molded at low pressure, to give a solid cosmetic. A low-boiling alcohol (e.g., ethyl alcohol), a volatile hydrocarbon (e.g., Iso-Par), cyclic silicone oil, etc. are used as the volatile solvent, and its amount is 1-100wt% based on the composition. The solid cosmetic has beautiful surface state, makeup effect standing between a cake(soft)type and an oily type, and soft feeling.
A pilot study will be performed. Intraoperative data including vital signs, procedures performed, and transfusions of allogenic blood will be collected prospectively. Postoperative outcomes, including transfusions of allogenic blood, perioperative complications, and 30-day mortality will be collected prospectively. These outcomes will be compared to historical controls to assess for the safety and efficacy of ANH in ovarian cancer cytoreductive surgery.
Patients receive topotecan hydrochloride IV over 30 minutes on days 1-5. Courses repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Verbal memory decline is a significant concern following temporal lobe surgeries in patients with epilepsy, emphasizing the need for precision presurgical verbal memory mapping to optimize functional outcomes. However, the inter-individual variability in functional networks and brain function-structural dissociations pose challenges when relying solely on group-level atlases or anatomical landmarks for surgical guidance. Here, we aimed to develop and validate a personalized functional mapping technique for verbal memory using precision resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and neurosurgery. A total of 38 patients with refractory epilepsy scheduled for surgical interventions were enrolled and 28 patients were analyzed in the study. Baseline 30-min rs-fMRI scanning, verbal memory and language assessments were collected for each patient before surgery. Personalized verbal memory networks (PVMN) were delineated based on preoperative rs-fMRI data for each patient. The accuracy of PVMN was assessed by comparing post-operative functional impairments and the overlapping extent between PVMN and surgical lesions. A total of 14 out of 28 patients experienced clinically meaningful declines in verbal memory after surgery. The personalized network and the group-level atlas exhibited 100% and 75.0% accuracy in predicting postoperative verbal memory declines, respectively. Moreover, six patients with extra-temporal lesions that overlapped with PVMN showed selective impairments in verbal memory. Furthermore, the lesioned ratio of the personalized network rather than the group-level atlas was significantly correlated with postoperative declines in verbal memory (personalized networks: r = -0.39, p = .038; group-level atlas: r = -0.19, p = .332). In conclusion, our personalized functional mapping technique, using precision rs-fMRI, offers valuable insights into individual variability in the verbal memory network and holds promise in precision verbal memory network mapping in individuals.
Rapid blood glucose levels were measured once every 2 hours. When blood glucose levels were ≤ 13.0 mmol/L, no intervention was performed; When blood glucose levels were \> 13.0 mmol/L, regular insulin was subcutaneously injected separately. During fasting, insulin was injected once every 8 hours. During venous or enteral nutrition infusion, insulin was infused at 30 minutes before nutrition infusion. When blood glucose levels were ≤ 13.0 mmol/L, insulin infusion was terminated.