anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Auscultation is a fundamental diagnostic technique that provides valuable diagnostic information about different parts of the body. With the increasing prevalence of digital stethoscopes and telehealth applications, there is a growing trend towards digitizing the capture of bodily sounds, thereby enabling subsequent analysis using machine learning algorithms. This study introduces the SonicGuard sensor, which is a multichannel acoustic sensor designed for long-term recordings of bodily sounds. We conducted a series of qualification tests, with a specific focus on bowel sounds ranging from controlled experimental environments to phantom measurements and real patient recordings. These tests demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed sensor setup. The results show that the SonicGuard sensor is comparable to commercially available digital stethoscopes, which are considered the gold standard in the field. This development opens up possibilities for collecting and analyzing bodily sound datasets using machine learning techniques in the future.
There is suggestive evidence that H. pylori gastritis (without peptic ulcer disease) is a cause of IDA. There have been individual case reports and case series describing patients with refractory IDA that resolved following successful H. pylori treatment. The effect of H. pylori on iron metabolism will be studied through specific aims: 1. To assess whether H. pylori results in abnormal oral iron absorption 2. To assess if differences in H. pylori strains are associated with iron deficiency due to: a. genetic differences in H. pylori strains or b. differences in the pattern of gastritis which could be due to host, bacterial or environmental factors 3. To assess if H. pylori infection results in storage of iron in the gastric mucosa and an elevated gastric iron concentration. The study will consist of three aspects: 1. Determining whether oral iron absorption is abnormal for H. pylori-positive IDA patients, and comparison of oral iron absorption for H. pylori positive and negative IDA patients. This will also include an experimental component in which oral iron absorption will be repeated after H. pylori treatment for H. pylori-infected IDA subjects (and after an equivalent time period for H. pylori negative controls to exclude changes in iron absorption that occur over time). 2. Comparison of H. pylori strain characteristics for IDA patients and non-anemic H. pylori-infected controls. Characterization of H. pylori strains will include: genetic analysis using a whole genome microarray technique that assesses the presence or absence of H. pylori genes, evaluation of expression of genes related to iron metabolism, and comparison of pattern of gastritis (pan gastritis vs. antrum-predominant). 3. Determination of whether H. pylori stores a significant quantity of iron in the gastric mucosa in vivo. This will be assessed by measuring the iron concentration in mucosal biopsy specimens and comparing results for H. pylori-infected IDA patients to H. pylori-uninfected IDA controls.
1. Technical Result Enhancing immune response with mammals. 2. Essence An antigenic composition is presented, which besides the antigens obtained from various organisms as an adjuvant comprises a combination of a) 3-O-deacylated monophosphoryl lipid A or monophosphoryl lipid A and b) cytokine or lymphokine or agonists or antagonists thereof, which enhance the immune response of antigen composition. 3. Field of Application Medicine, immunology.
High rates of cardiac fatty acid oxidation during reperfusion of ischemic hearts contribute to contractile dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate whether lysine acetylation affects fatty acid oxidation rates and recovery in post-ischemic hearts. Isolated working hearts from Sprague Dawley rats were perfused with 1.2 mM palmitate and 5 mM glucose and subjected to 30 min of ischemia and 40 min of reperfusion. Cardiac function, fatty acid oxidation, glucose oxidation, and glycolysis rates were compared between pre- and post-ischemic hearts. The acetylation status of enzymes involved in cardiac energy metabolism was assessed in both groups. Reperfusion after ischemia resulted in only a 41% recovery of cardiac work. Fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis rates increased while glucose oxidation rates decreased. The contribution of fatty acid oxidation to ATP production and TCA cycle activity increased from 90 to 93% and from 94.9 to 98.3%, respectively, in post-ischemic hearts. However, the overall acetylation status and acetylation levels of metabolic enzymes did not change in response to ischemia and reperfusion. These findings suggest that acetylation may not contribute to the high rates of fatty acid oxidation and reduced glucose oxidation observed in post-ischemic hearts perfused with high levels of palmitate substrate.
A soft, chewable capsule film suitable for medicament or foodstuff encapsulation, and a method of fabricating capsules from such a film. Such capsules demonstrate fast rupture in the oral cavity, good mouth feel and chewability, and rapid dissolution of the shell components. In particular, the modified starch is substantially ungelatinized, due at least in part to the processing temperature, and may act as a water retention agent to promote hydration. Additionally, gelatins are selected for bloom strengths that result in a robust capsule that may be fabricated at a thinner wall thickness than previously experienced in the art. Accordingly, such thin capsules have a smaller mass than traditional capsules of the same size and dissolve more quickly than chewable capsules having greater thickness. The capsules may be fabricated by a rotary die process at speeds greater than those generally known for soft chewable capsules.
For youth with chronic kidney disease (CKD), cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and early mortality. Physical activity is a well-recognized determinant of health and quality of life, but, youth with CKD are less physically active than their healthy peers. Identification of effective strategies to increase physical activity in youth with CKD is paramount to improving outcomes. The investigators will test the efficacy of a 12-week physical activity intervention in 64 adolescents with CKD. Guided by the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) framework, an optimization trial will identify intervention components that increase average daily moderate to vigorous physical activity by 15 min/day, a clinically meaningful increase. The components will be grounded in established behavioral change theories and be delivered via Way to Health, a web-based platform, to overcome barriers at the point of clinical care where time and resources are limited.
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: The objective was to explore the correlation between total testosterone levels and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) in older patients, emphasizing frailty.
METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional study included 1,328 women over 60 years of age at an incontinence specialty clinic. Participants were assessed for UI, frailty, using the Japanese Frailty Scale, and total testosterone levels. Analysis of a logistic regression model was employed for age, body mass index (BMI), and vaginal deliveries adjustment, with association and multivariate analyses to evaluate the associations with SUI and UUI.
RESULTS: The frailty and nonfrailty groups each consisted of 664 individuals. After age, BMI, and the number of vaginal deliveries adjustment, the analysis showed a negative association between total testosterone levels and both SUI (p < 0.001) and UUI (p < 0.001) in the frailty group. Multivariate analysis revealed that, in the nonfrailty group, factors such as low total testosterone levels (p = 0.0145), diabetes (p = 0.0052), and cerebral infarction (p = 0.0254) were related to SUI, whereas no significant factors were associated with UUI. In the frailty group, factors associated with SUI included low total testosterone levels (p < 0.0001), the number of vaginal deliveries (p < 0.0001), smoking (p = 0.0240), chronic lung disease (p < 0.0248), and hypertension (p < 0.0265). Factors associated with UUI were age (p < 0.0001), low total testosterone levels (p = 0.0025), diabetes (p < 0.0001), and the number of vaginal deliveries (p = 0.0152).
CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the significance of incorporating the assessment of frailty and testosterone levels in addressing UI among older women, particularly in the aged population, underscoring the need for tailored approaches in this demographic.
The global burden of type 2 diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate, fuelled by the obesity epidemic, with significant associated health and economic consequences and apparent inequalities. Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a major source of added sugars in diets worldwide and have been linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes through a variety of mechanisms, including excess weight. Taxing SSBs has become a promising public health strategy to reduce consumption and mitigate the burden of type 2 diabetes. A substantial body of evidence suggests that SSB taxes lead to increased prices and subsequent reduced consumption, with a potentially greater effect among lower socioeconomic groups. This highlights the potential for tax policies to have an impact on type 2 diabetes and address health inequalities. Evidence from several ongoing SSB tax schemes, including sales and excise taxes, indicates positive effects on improving consumption patterns, and modelling studies point to health gains by averting type 2 diabetes and other cardiometabolic diseases. In contrast, evidence from empirical evaluation of the impact of SSB tax is scarce. Continued monitoring and the strengthening of evaluation research to develop context-tailored policies are required. In addition, there is a need to implement complementary efforts to amplify the impact of SSB taxation and effectively address the global burden of type 2 diabetes.
BACKGROUND: The risk and prognosis of pancreatobiliary cancer and in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) remain unclear. Therefore, we retrospectively investigated the risk of pancreatobiliary cancer and prognosis in patients with AIP and IgG4-SC.
METHODS: Patients with AIP and IgG4-SC at seven centers between 1998 and 2022 were investigated. The following data were evaluated: (1) the number of cancers diagnosed and standardized incidence ratio (SIR) for pancreatobiliary and other cancers during the observational period and (2) prognosis after diagnosis of AIP and IgG4-SC using standardized mortality ratio (SMR).
RESULTS: This study included 201 patients with AIP and IgG4-SC. The mean follow-up period was 5.7 years. Seven cases of pancreatic cancer were diagnosed, and the SIR was 8.11 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.29-9.13). Three cases of bile duct cancer were diagnosed, and the SIR was 6.89 (95% CI: 6.20-7.75). The SMR after the diagnosis of AIP and IgG4-SC in cases that developed pancreatobiliary cancer were 4.03 (95% CI: 2.83-6.99).
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with autoimmune pancreatitis and IgG4-SC were associated with a high risk of pancreatic and bile duct cancer. Patients with AIP and IgG4-SC have a worse prognosis when they develop pancreatobiliary cancer.
Contrast enhanced Voiding Urosonography (ceVUS) will be performed with the intravesical administration of 0.1%-0.5% OPTISON / normal saline solution. The exact OPTISON dose (ml) that will be adjusted according to the age-related bladder filling capacity with a dose (ml) range from 0.3 mL in newborns to 3 mL in 18 year-old children. Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) exam will be subsequently performed using the same bladder catheter with intravesical administration of the x-ray contrast agent.
PURPOSE: Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies (DEEs) are rare neurological disorders characterized by early-onset medically resistant epileptic seizures, structural brain malformations, and severe developmental delays. These disorders can arise from mutations in genes involved in vital metabolic pathways, including those within the brain. Recent studies have implicated defects in the mitochondrial malate aspartate shuttle (MAS) as potential contributors to the clinical manifestation of infantile epileptic encephalopathy. Although rare, mutations in MDH1, MDH2, AGC1, or GOT2 genes have been reported in patients exhibiting neurological symptoms such as global developmental delay, epilepsy, and progressive microcephaly.
METHOD: In this study, we employed exome data analysis of a patient diagnosed with DEE, focusing on the screening of 1896 epilepsy-related genes listed in the HPO and ClinVar databases. Sanger sequencing was subsequently conducted to validate and assess the inheritance pattern of the identified variants within the family. The evolutionary conservation scores of the mutated residues were evaluated using the ConSurf Database. Furthermore, the impacts of the causative variations on protein stability were analyzed through I-Mutant and MuPro bioinformatic tools. Structural comparisons between wild-type and mutant proteins were performed using PyMOL, and the physicochemical effects of the mutations were assessed using Project Hope.
RESULTS: Exome data analysis unveiled the presence of novel compound heterozygous mutations in the GOT2 gene coding for mitochondrial glutamate aspartate transaminase. Sanger sequencing confirmed the paternal inheritance of the p.Asp257Asn mutation and the maternal inheritance of the p.Arg262Cys mutation. The affected individual exhibited plasma metabolic disturbances, including hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperlactatemia, and reduced levels of methionine and arginine. Detailed bioinformatic analysis indicated that the mutations were located within evolutionarily conserved domains of the enzyme, resulting in disruptions to protein stability and structure.
CONCLUSION: Herein, we describe a case with DEE82 (MIM: # 618721) with pathologic novel biallelic mutations in the GOT2 gene. Early genetic diagnosis of metabolic epilepsies is crucial for long-term neurodevelopmental improvements and seizure control as targeted treatments can be administered based on the affected metabolic pathways.
PTSD has an emotional impact on individuals, but it is also associated with impaired cognitive functioning (e.g., processing speed, attention, executive functioning). This study is an effectiveness trial investigating a cognitive remediation intervention (Goal Management Training, or GMT) that has been shown to improve the cognitive impairment observed in other populations (e.g., older adults). The present study will investigate the impact of GMT in adults experiencing PTSD (including frontline healthcare workers suffering from PTSD related to the COVID-19 pandemic) and its associated cognitive impairment. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two treatment conditions - GMT, or a wait list condition (in which GMT will be postponed for approximately 21 weeks). Due to the pandemic, this study will be conducted primarily online (i.e., online assessments and treatment, with optional fMRI scans - functional magnetic resonance imaging). Once all assessments are complete, participants in the wait list condition will be able to begin GMT thelmselves.
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing nano-gold water designed with an ion exchange resin, and more specifically, gold is used as a main material and auxiliary materials are copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), a positive ion exchange resin, vitamin C, and mineral water. An important function of a positive ion resin has an objective to manufacture the nano-gold water formed of only pure gold by removing copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) from the nano-gold water. Traditionally, the gold is used for manufacturing a gold needle in an oriental medicine industry, gold leaf alcohol in an alcohol industry, and an anticancer vaccine in a medical industry, and the nano-gold water according to the present invention is developed to be mainly used as an additive of a cosmetic material. Accordingly, various extraordinary functions of nano-gold are added to cosmetics, thereby accelerating recovery of a skin barrier and facilitating metabolism. The nano-gold water has a pink-colored appearance, and has physical properties of stimulating curiosity of women since the nano-gold water is visually attractive. Conventional nano-gold cosmetic materials are used for manufacturing nano-gold cosmetics by reducing toxic substances such as gold chloride, gold bromide and the like, and the nano-gold water designed with the ion exchange resin is developed to dissipate repulsion on cosmetics using the toxic substances as a starting material.
Lung transplantation (LTx) outcomes are impeded by ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) and subsequent chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). We examined the undefined role of receptor Mer tyrosine kinase (MerTK) on monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) in efferocytosis to facilitate resolution of lung IRI. Single-cell RNA sequencing of lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from patients after LTx were analyzed. Murine lung hilar ligation and allogeneic orthotopic LTx models of IRI were used with BALB/c (WT), Cebpb-/- (MDSC-deficient), Mertk-/-, or MerTK-cleavage-resistant mice. A significant downregulation in MerTK-related efferocytosis genes in M-MDSC populations of patients with CLAD was observed compared with healthy individuals. In the murine IRI model, a significant increase in M-MDSCs, MerTK expression, and efferocytosis and attenuation of lung dysfunction was observed in WT mice during injury resolution that was absent in Cebpb-/- and Mertk-/- mice. Adoptive transfer of M-MDSCs in Cebpb-/- mice significantly attenuated lung dysfunction and inflammation. Additionally, in a murine orthotopic LTx model, increases in M-MDSCs were associated with resolution of lung IRI in the transplant recipients. In vitro studies demonstrated the ability of M-MDSCs to efferocytose apoptotic neutrophils in a MerTK-dependent manner. Our results suggest that MerTK-dependent efferocytosis by M-MDSCs can substantially contribute to the resolution of post-LTx IRI.
Preschool is a critical period during which children develop fundamental motor skills, build confidence in their movement, and start a physical activity trajectory that follows through adolescence and beyond. Unfortunately, few sustainable interventions have succeeded in increasing preschool children's physical activity, and subsequently children are developing obesity at alarming rates. A simple, low-cost strategy is the addition of colorful markings (i.e. hopscotch, foursquare, fun trails) to existing playgrounds or open spaces. These "painted playgrounds" have been shown to be effective to increase physical activity in older school-aged children but remain understudied in preschool children. The proposed project will examine the physical activity environment of licensed childcare centers before and after the implementation of a promising (cost-effective, easily scalable) playground stenciling intervention.

The project aim will be achieved through a prospective observational epidemiological approach before and after a stenciling intervention is implemented. Among 4 childcare centers licensed in East Baton Rouge Parish (EBR), the investigators will first observe the playground environment to assess the equipment, space, ground material, etc. to provide a baseline measure of the physical activity environment prior to stenciling and ensure that intervention and control centers have similar playground environments. A modified behavioral observation method, the System for Observing Play and Leisure Activity in Youth (SOPLAY), will be used during recess to identify changes in physical activity after the stencils are added and which stencils are generating the biggest changes in physical activity. Surveys will be administered to center directors to further understand the physical activity environment (i.e. policies, additional PA support, etc.) in each center. This project will examine how a promising (cost-effective, easily scalable) playground stenciling intervention changes the physical activity landscape of childcare centers in order to provide evidence for the need for dissemination to numerous childcare centers across Louisiana. Ultimately, this pilot may launch an innovative strategy that has the potential to disrupt negative trends in obesity and sedentary behavior among Louisiana preschoolers.
In women, breast cancer is the 1st largest cancer and accounted for 31% of new cancer cases in women in 2017. With 11,913 deaths in 2015, breast cancer is the 1st largest cancer death in women (19%) and the 3rd largest cancer death (men and women included) after lung and colorectal cancer. At initial diagnosis at any stage, approximately 31% of patients have regional lymph node involvement and 5 to 10% present metastatic involvement from the outset. Progression to a metastatic form occurs in about 20% of cases. The risk of metastatic evolution is variable depending on the histological subtype and is a major prognostic event directly impacting overall survival. DOTATOC-68Ga PET scans allows in vivo evaluation of SST2 somatostatin receptor expression. Its use is widely validated in clinical practice for the assessment of extension of neuroendocrine tumors. It is also being used to evaluate the feasibility of SST2-targeted internal radiotherapy therapy with Litthera (177Lu-Oxodotreotide) in patients with metastatic small intestine neuroendocrine tumours.
Despite improvement in short-term graft outcomes in organ transplant, transplant patients still have to take on complex medication regimens to achieve current results. Adherence to these complex medications is an important problem in light of the potential risk of acute and chronic rejection and the associated burden of increased hospitalization, cost, and diminished quality of life that results from missed doses and poor overall drug taking. Part of the diminished quality of life is also tied to the bothersome symptoms patient feel after transplant. Most patients experience symptoms that relate to either the overall transplant immunosuppression or medication specific side effects. In the BENEFIT and BENEFIT-EXT trials, \>60% of patients reported tiredness and lack of energy as an issue. Sleep problems, mood swings, restlessness, anxiety, depression, and concentration and memory difficulties appeared in approximately 50-60% of patients. In addition to these symptoms, \>38% patients also reported numerous others side effects that have been strongly associated with calcineurin-inhibitors such as tacrolimus that include dizziness, muscle cramps, trembling hands, tingling in hands and feet, and headache.

The investigators hypothesize that the use of once-daily Envarsus XR® could decrease some transplant- and tacrolimus-related adverse symptoms and potentially lead to improvement in quality of life and medication adherence when compared to twice-daily tacrolimus. In order to assess this hypothesis, a prospective, multi-center, randomized, open-label, pilot study to investigate medication adherence and patient reported symptom occurrence and interference with daily life comparing once-daily Envarsus XR® and twice-daily immediate release tacrolimus in adult renal transplant recipients (SIMPLE) is being proposed.