anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with very poor prognosis due to frequent recurrence and short overall survival (OS) time, which according to different sources, is not longer than 17 months after the diagnosis. Infiltrative growth pattern often leads to tumor propagation into functionally significant brain areas while surgery is cytoreductive and does not necessarily alter the prognosis. Many patients are in the working age, thus finding conservative approaches to the treatment of this type of neoplasms is of utmost importance. The aim of the work is to demonstrate the effectiveness of treatment of GBM using cytokine genetic therapy (CGT) and present an algorithm for patient management.
CASE DESCRIPTION: This paper describes the first case of successful intra-arterial (IA) bevacizumab therapy with following CGT of a 46-year-old patient with recurrent GBM after a combined treatment. Sixteen courses of 15 mg/kg IA bevacizumab with hyperosmolar opening of blood-brain barrier (BBB) resulted in stabilization of the neoplastic process. After that, 9 courses of CGT with recombinant interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-thymosin α1 were performed. Both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast and positron emission tomography (PET) confirmed a complete response to the combined treatment. OS time is currently more than 25 months from the diagnosis. The observation continues.
CONCLUSIONS: This case study expands the range of treatment options for GBM, especially in the context of intolerance and high toxicity of cytostatic drugs, and may lead to improved recurrence-free survival (RFS).
These participants will a undergo a neurocognitive and psychosocial assessment at baseline, and in follow-up after 6 months and 1 year thereafter. The aim of this group is to measure the extent of psychosocial and cognitive difficulties and health-related quality of life.
INTRODUCTION: Sudden non-cardiac death (SNCD) is a clinical entity comprising deaths lacking previous clinically significant symptoms, and in which the mechanisms of death do not involve the heart. Infection is a major cause of SNCD, particularly in children, and viruses are frequently involved in the disease process. Nevertheless, SNCD of viral infectious causes remains poorly characterized. Thus, a systematic review of the literature describing the association between viral infection and the development of SNCD was performed.
METHODS: PRISMA statement guidelines were followed in this systematic review. A literature search was conducted across MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Studies considered eligible were autopsy series or cohort studies of sudden death cases, in which evidence of viral disease as a cause of death was demonstrated, along with identification of causative agents.
RESULTS: Twelve studies published between 1996 and 2020 were included in this review. Selected studies were categorized into three groups according to the study population: infants and young children (up to four years of age); presumed sudden infant death syndrome patients; and older individuals (five years of age and older). SNCD with viral implication represents a minority of sudden death cases in all age groups, with infants and young children having a higher prevalence across studies. Respiratory infection was the main cause of viral SNCD, with influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus being the most commonly identified agents in older individuals, and infants and young children respectively. Disseminated infection, gastrointestinal infection, and meningitis were other identified causes of SNCD in children.
CONCLUSIONS: No studies have directly assessed the frequency and causes of viral SNCD. Infants and young children show a considerable, but variable, prevalence of this clinical entity. Wider implementation of post-mortem virological molecular testing may help uncover previously unknown cases. More research into viral SNCD is needed, especially in the adult population.
Dysphagia after esophagectomy is a serious complication; however, no method has been established to accurately assess swallowing function. We evaluated the association of swallowing function tests with patients' post-esophagectomy complications and nutritional statuses. We retrospectively reviewed the data of 95 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy between 2016 and 2021. We performed perioperative swallowing function tests, including the repetitive saliva swallowing test (RSST), maximum phonation time (MPT), and laryngeal elevation (LE). Patients with recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (RLNP) and respiratory complications (RC) had significantly lower postoperative RSST scores than patients without them; the scores in patients with or without anastomotic leakage (AL) were similar. Postoperative MPT in patients with RLNP was shorter than that in patients without RLNP; however, it was similar to that in patients with or without AL and RC. LE was not associated with any complications. Patients with an RSST score ≤2 at 2 weeks post-esophagectomy had significant weight loss at 1, 6, and 12 months postoperatively compared with patients with an RSST score ≥3. The proportion of patients with severe weight loss (≥20% weight loss) within 1 year of esophagectomy was significantly greater in patients with RSST scores ≤2 than in those with RSST scores ≥3. Multivariate analysis showed that an RSST score ≤2 was the only predictor of severe post-esophagectomy weight loss. RSST scoring is a simple tool for evaluating post-esophagectomy swallowing function. A lower RSST score is associated with postoperative RLNP, RC, and poor nutritional status.
The nurses working in the University of Health Sciences Antalya Training and Research Hospital constituted the control group. Pre-test was applied to nurses who accepted the research. Post test applied 3 months later. A booklet on the subject prepared by the researchers was given after the post test. Group training was conducted to nurses.
BACKGROUND: Transverse uterine fundal incision (TUFI) is a beneficial procedure for mothers and babies at risk due to placenta previa-accreta, and has been implemented worldwide. However, the risk of uterine rupture during a subsequent pregnancy remains unclear. We therefore evaluated the TUFI wound scar to determine the approval criteria for pregnancy after this surgery.
METHODS: Between April 2012 and August 2022, we performed TUFI on 150 women. Among 132 of the 150 women whose uteruses were preserved after TUFI, 84 women wished to conceive again. The wound healing status, scar thickness, and resumption of blood flow were evaluated in these women by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and sonohysterogram at 12 months postoperatively. Furthermore, TUFI scars were directly observed during the Cesarean sections in women who subsequently conceived.
RESULTS: Twelve women were lost to follow-up and one conceived before the evaluation, therefore 71 cases were analyzed. MRI scans revealed that the "scar thickness", the thinnest part of the scar compared with the normal surrounding area, was ≥ 50% in all cases. The TUFI scars were enhanced in dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI except for four women. However, the scar thickness in these four patients was greater than 80%. Twenty-three of the 71 women conceived after TUFI and delivered live babies without notable problems until August 2022. Their MRI scans before pregnancy revealed scar thicknesses of 50-69% in two cases and ≥ 70% in the remaining 21 cases. And resumption of blood flow was confirmed in all patients except two cases whose scar thickness ≥ 90%. No evidence of scar healing failure was detected at subsequent Cesarean sections, but partial thinning was found in two patients whose scar thicknesses were 50-69%. In one woman who conceived seven months after TUFI and before the evaluation, uterine rupture occurred at 26 weeks of gestation.
CONCLUSIONS: Certain criteria, including an appropriate suture method, delayed conception for at least 12 months, evaluation of the TUFI scar at 12 months postoperatively, and cautious postoperative management, must all be met in order to approve a post-TUFI pregnancy. Possible scar condition criteria for permitting a subsequent pregnancy could include the scar thickness being ≥ 70% of the surrounding area on MRI scans, at least partially resumed blood flow, and no abnormalities on the sonohysterogram.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Retrospectively registered.
Visual dysfunction is a prevalent symptom in patients with non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma (NFPM); the role of OCT in such patients has not been yet determined. This is a prospective longitudinal observational study over a period of 6 years, on 20 patients presenting a radiological compression of the optic chiasma without visual acuity (VA) and visual field (VF) disturbances. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the impact of NFPA on neuro-axonal loss by measuring RNFL thickness using OCT at inclusion (T0), 12 months (T1), 24 months (T2), and 36 months (T3), respectively. The secondary endpoint was to monitor the evolution of OCT over time and assess any relationship between the degree of OCT alteration and the degree of radiological and clinical optic chiasm compression syndrome. Among the 20 patients included, eight (40%) showed an altered RNFL-OCT at diagnosis, while the remaining 12 (60%) showed a normal pattern. During a mean ophthalmologic follow-up of 60 months, 4 patients (20%) presented an asymptomatic reduction of RNFL-OCT thickness although all 20 had a VA/VF stable. To our knowledge, this study represents the first attempt to longitudinally evaluate the natural history and evolution of RNFL-OCT in patients with radiologically asymptomatic chiasmatic compression syndrome. The results do not clearly demonstrate the role of the OCT as an early prognostic factor for visual dysfunction.
1. Unreconstituted mitomycin stored at room temperature is stable for the lot life indicated on the package. Avoid excessive heat (over 40°C, 104°F). 
  2. Reconstituted with Sterile Water for Injection to a concentration of 0.5 mg per mL, mitomycin is stable for 14 days refrigerated or 7 days at room temperature. 
  3. Diluted in various I.V. fluids at room temperature, to a concentration of 20 to 40 micrograms per mL: 


  1. The combination of mitomycin (5 mg to 15 mg) and heparin (1,000 units to 10,000 units) in 30 mL of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection is stable for 48 hours at room temperature. 



Procedures for proper handling and disposal of anticancer drugs should be considered. Several guidelines on this subject have been published. 1-8 There is no general agreement that all of the procedures recommended in the guidelines are necessary or appropriate.
The public health success of FDA's proposed ban on menthol cigarettes hinges upon whether menthol smokers who are unable to quit smoking switch to non-menthol cigarettes (no public health gain) or to potentially lower harm alternatives like heated tobacco products (HTP). In 2019, FDA authorized an HTP called "IQOS" and its tobacco- and menthol-flavored "HeatSticks" (HS) as a modified risk tobacco product (MRTP). One issue relevant to FDA's future action regarding IQOS will be "whether and how certain flavors may help adult cigarette smokers reduce cigarette use and switch to potentially less harmful products" (FDA, 2018). Understanding the potential for HTPs like IQOS to reduce the health burden of cigarettes requires targeted research investigating the extent to which flavor availability is important for menthol smokers to switch to HTPs. For one tobacco product to substitute for another, their abuse liabilities should be congruent. Validated clinical lab methods exist for comparing tobacco product abuse liability by characterizing their nicotine delivery profiles (via plasma nicotine and puff topography) and reinforcing efficacy (via subjective and behavioral measures). Naturalistic assessment can validate clinical lab results regarding use patterns and product substitution.

The current study involves a two-arm, two-week, parallel group trial. The first week is an own brand (OB) menthol cigarette baseline, during which tobacco use will be assessed daily using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). On Monday and Friday, participants will complete clinical lab sessions that involve using OB cigarettes and responding to subjective measures and an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM) task that assesses willingness to substitute menthol cigarettes with an array of tobacco products including IQOS. During the next week, participants will be randomized to receive IQOS-menthol (n=25) or IQOS-tobacco (n=25); EMA and clinical lab visits will be repeated. Aim 1 assesses IQOS' abuse liability in a clinical lab setting. Outcomes include plasma nicotine levels, puffing behavior, responses about subjective effects, and product substitution from the ETM task. Aim 2 measures tobacco use patterns in naturalistic settings where participants will report daily OB and IQOS use outcomes via EMA. The overarching hypothesis is that, relative to OB, IQOS-menthol's abuse liability profile will differ less than IQOS-tobacco's, suggesting that menthol smokers will be more likely to substitute an HTP for combustible menthol cigarettes when a menthol-flavored HTP is available. Results will deepen our understanding of the public health impact of HTPs and policies that might restrict access to menthol-flavored MRTPs.
PURPOSE: In order to assess the published validity of focal resurfacing of the knee, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to (i) evaluate revision rates and implant survival of focal resurfacing of the knee; (ii) explore surgical complications; and (iii) evaluate patient reported clinical outcome measures.
METHODS: PubMED, Cochrane Library and Medline databases were searched by 2 independent reviewers in February 2022 for prospective and retrospective cohort studies evaluating any of the following implant types: HemiCAP®, UniCAP®, Episealer® or BioBoly®. Data on incidence of revision, complications and various patient reported outcome measures, such as Knee Society Score (KSS) or Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was sourced.
RESULTS: A total of 24 published studies were identified with a total of 1465 enrolled patients. A revision rate of 12.97% over a 5.9 year weighted mean follow-up period was observed across all implant types. However, in one series a Kaplan-Meir survival as high as 92.6% at a 10-year follow-up period was noted. A statistically significant improvement was documented across multiple subjective clinical outcomes scores, for example a mean 4.56 point improvement of the VAS (0-10) pain score. The Kellgren-Lawrence score was used to evaluate the radiological progression of osteoarthritis and showed a small significant reduction in all anatomical locations, hence not supporting the hypothesis that focal femoral implants can lead to the progression of osteoarthritis in the affected compartment. There was a low reported incidence of post-operative complications such as aseptic loosening or deep wound infection.
CONCLUSIONS: Focal femoral resurfacing appears to be a viable treatment option for focal symptomatic chondral lesions in patients beyond biological reconstruction, with low revision rates and high patient satisfaction especially at short and medium length follow-up.
Dupuytren's disease (DD) is a highly heritable fibrotic disorder of the hand with incompletely understood etiology. A number of genetic loci, including Wnt signaling members, have been previously identified. Our overall aim was to identify novel genetic loci, to prioritize genes within the loci for functional studies, and to assess genetic correlation with associated disorders. We performed a meta-analysis of six DD genome-wide association studies from three European countries and extensive bioinformatic follow-up analyses. Leveraging 11,320 cases and 47,023 controls, we identified 85 genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms in 56 loci, of which 11 were novel, explaining 13.3-38.1% of disease variance. Gene prioritization implicated the Hedgehog and Notch signaling pathways. We also identified a significant genetic correlation with frozen shoulder. The pathways identified highlight the potential for new therapeutic targets and provide a basis for additional mechanistic studies for a common disorder that can severely impact hand function.
The roles and mechanisms of A-kinase anchoring protein 1 (AKAP1) in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic modulation and neointima formation are currently unknown. AKAP1 is a mitochondrial PKA-anchored protein and maintains mitochondrial homeostasis. This study aimed to investigate how AKAP1/PKA signaling plays a protective role in inhibiting VSMC phenotypic transformation and neointima formation by regulating mitochondrial fission. The results showed that both PDGF-BB treatment and balloon injury reduced the transcription, expression, and mitochondrial anchoring of AKAP1. In vitro, the overexpression of AKAP1 significantly inhibited PDGF-BB mediated VSMC proliferation and migration, whereas AKAP1 knockdown further aggravated VSMC phenotypic transformation. Additionally, in the balloon injury model in vivo, AKAP1 overexpression reduced neointima formation, the muscle fiber area ratio, and rat VSMC proliferation and migration. Furthermore, PDGF-BB and balloon injury inhibited Drp1 phosphorylation at Ser637 and promoted Drp1 activity and mitochondrial midzone fission; AKAP1 overexpression reversed these effects. AKAP1 overexpression also inhibited the distribution of mitochondria at the plasma membrane and the reduction of PKARIIβ expression induced by PDGF-BB, as evidenced by an increase in mitochondria-plasma membrane distance as well as PKARIIβ protein levels. Moreover, the PKA agonist promoted Drp1 phosphorylation (Ser637) and inhibited PDGF-BB-mediated mitochondrial fission, cell proliferation, and migration. The PKA antagonist reversed the increase in Drp1 phosphorylation (Ser637) and the decline in mitochondrial midzone fission and VSMC phenotypic transformation caused by AKAP1 overexpression. The results of this study reveal that AKAP1 protects VSMCs against phenotypic modulation by improving Drp1 phosphorylation at Ser637 through PKA and inhibiting mitochondrial fission, thereby preventing neointima formation.
The investigators of this study plan to recruit 60 participants, 30 adolescents and 30 parents or legal guardians. This number will provide adequate power (0.70) to detect a large effect size (d=.81). All portions of this study will be completed online using teleconferencing software, Zoom (similar to Skype).

Participants will be randomized into either a treatment or waitlist control group. All participants will receive treatment, however, those in the waitlist group will wait 12 weeks before beginning treatment. Treatment will consist of 10, 50 minute sessions with up to six short (10-15 minute) booster sessions during a three-month period following treatment. Participants and parents/guardians will complete full assessment batteries at intake, post-waitlist (only those in the waitlist condition), post-treatment, and 3, 6, and 12 months following treatment. Moreover, adolescent participants will be asked to track their daily pulling behavior each day while in treatment(with parent/guardian help if desired). This will be done through the use of daily text message reminders using app.eztexting.com to the parent/guardian that will include a link to the short (less then 5 minute) Qualtrics survey. All treatment sessions will take place online using video conferencing software (i.e., Zoom).

Parents/guardians will be invited to participate in the final 10 minutes of each session. This will allow for the adolescent to review what they have learned and also allow the parent/guardian to be involved in the fulfillment of treatment goals and to assist with skill-building throughout the week. Parents will also be give a short (1/2 to 1 page) handout following each session that will explain what was taught and how they can best help the participant make progress. Parents will also be asked to complete a short measure of psychological flexibility at intake, post-waitlist (only when applicable), post-treatment, and 3, 6, and 12-months following treatment.
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition or a food composition which barely causes side effects and provides safety and excellent activities of stimulating endocrine cells. More specifically, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition or food composition for preventing or ameliorating obesity, diabetes, heart disease, digestive disorder, and malabsorption or for neuroprotective effects, which contains, as an active ingredient, more than one selected among a group comprising: a Rudbeckia laciniata extract, a Syneilesis palmata (Thunb.) Maxim. extract, a Persicaria thunbergii (Siebold & Zucc.) H.Gross extract, a Hylomecon hylomeconoides (NAKAI) extract, a Lespedeza cuneata extract, a Chrysanthemum morifolium extract, a Cyrtomium falcatum extract, a Zanthoxylum schinifolium extract, a Cedrela sinensis A. Juss extract, and a Polygonum longisetum Bruijn extracs. Therefore, the present invention can have influence on activation of hTGR5 or stimulating secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), cholecystokinin (CCK ) or 5-hydroxytrypamine (5-HT).
The antiobesity effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been reported. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully clarified. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of CLA on thermogenesis of interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) and browning of inguinal subcutaneous white adipose tissue (iWAT) and explore the possible signaling pathway. The in vivo results showed that CLA enhanced the O2 consumption and heat production in HFD (high-fat diet)-fed female mice by roughly 38%. Meanwhile, CLA increased the average iBAT temperature by 2°C at the room temperature and cold exposure, respectively. Correspondingly, CLA caused 1.6- and 2.4-fold increases in the expression of UCP1 (uncoupling protein 1) of BAT and iWAT, respectively, suggesting the activated iBAT thermogenesis and iWAT browning in HFD-fed female mice. Meanwhile, CLA could promote the formation of brown and beige adipocytes in differentiated stromal vascular cells (SVCs) isolated from iBAT and iWAT (the expressions of UCP1 were promoted by about twofold changes). In possible mechanisms, CLA stimulated the expression of CD36 and the activation of the AMPK pathway in mice iBAT and iWAT as well as the differentiated SVCs. However, inhibition of CD36 and AMPK (adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase) abolished the promotive effects of CLA on brown and beige adipocytes formation. Hence, we showed that CLA reduced HFD-induced obesity through enhancing iBAT thermogenesis and iWAT browning via the  CD36-AMPK pathway.
The invention belongs to the technical field of Chinese patent medicine and in particular relates to a drug for treating diabetes mellitus. The drug is prepared by taking agrimonia pilosa, radix ophiopogonis, radix astragali seu hedysari, fructus schisandrae, radix notoginseng, herba dendrobii, radix puerariae, rhodiola and radix trichosanthis as raw materials according to a conventional powder preparation method. The drug is specifically prepared through the steps of uniformly mixing all the medicines in parts by weight, grinding into fine powder with the size of 120 meshes, and sub-packaging. Other dosage forms are processed through concentrating on the basis of the powder. Theoretical and clinical tests show that the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for adjusting glucose metabolism, provided by the invention, is safe, has no toxin and has a remarkable curative effect; the drug also has the advantages of simplicity in preparation, wide medicine sources, low cost and the like, and particularly has a very good effect on the initial stage of diabetes mellitus. The clinical efficiency is up to 100 percent and the curing rate reaches 70 percent.