anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Patients receiving acute critical cause of ICU in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) may be hospitalized for longer periods of time due to accompanying diseases or iatrogenic causes. This disease is called "Chronic Critical Illness" (CCI). CCI is associated with prolonged acute mechanical ventilation, but there is no definition in the literature for newborns. Pediatric CCI is estimated to be similar to adults. In the United States, the number of CCI is around 250,000, which is estimated to have doubled in the last 10 years. 50% of patients die in one year and much less than 12% recover. The estimated annual cost for the CCI in the United States is over $ 20 billion. The prevalence of Pediatric CCI in Turkey is unknown. In this study, it was aimed to investigate risk factors, mortality and cost of children with chronic critically ill and newborn patients in intensive care units in Turkey.
In previous studies, we showed that fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) contribute to inflammatory mediator output from primary rhesus microglia in response to live Borrelia burgdorferi. We also demonstrated that non-viable B. burgdorferi can be as pathogenic as live bacteria, if not more so, in both CNS and PNS tissues. In this study we assessed the effect of live and non-viable B. burgdorferi in inducing FGFR expression from rhesus frontal cortex (FC) and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) tissue explants as well as their neuronal/astrocyte localization. Specific FGFR inhibitors were also tested for their ability to attenuate inflammatory output and apoptosis in response to either live or non-viable organisms. Results show that in the FC, FGFR2 was the most abundantly expressed receptor followed by FGFR3 and FGFR1. Non-viable B. burgdorferi significantly upregulated FGFR3 more often than live bacteria, while the latter had a similar effect on FGFR1, although both treatments did affect the expressions of both receptors. FGFR2 was the least modulated in the FC tissues by the two treatments. FGFR1 expression was more prevalent in astrocytes while FGFR2 and FGFR3 showed higher expression in neurons. In the DRG, all three receptor expressions were also seen, but could not be distinguished from medium controls by immunofluorescence. Inhibition of FGFR1 by PD166866 downregulated both inflammation and apoptosis in both FC and DRG in response to either treatment in all the tissues tested. Inhibition of FGFR1-3 by AZD4547 similarly downregulated both inflammation and apoptosis in both FC and DRG in response to live bacteria, while with sonicated remnants, this effect was seen in one of the two FC tissues and 2 of 3 DRG tissues tested. CCL2 and IL-6 were the most downregulated mediators in the FC, while in the DRG it was CXCL8 and IL-6 in response to FGFR inhibition. Downregulation of at least two of these three mediators was observed to downregulate apoptosis levels in general. We show here that FGFR inhibition can be an effective anti-inflammatory treatment in antibiotic refractive neurological Lyme. Alternatively, two biologics may be needed to effectively curb neuroinflammation and pathology in the CNS and PNS.
INTRODUCTION: approximately over 80% of mortalities due to rotavirus occur in countries that have limited resources, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. The study was intended to determine the genetic characteristics of rotavirus A in children exhibiting gastroenteritis at Kericho County Referral Hospital.
METHODS: the study design was cross-sectional. Consecutive sampling was engaged obtaining a sample size of 200 stool samples. Genetic characterization of group A rotavirus strains was done using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Positive samples underwent Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Afterwards viewing of the RNA double strands of the rotavirus genome in gels was done using Silver Nitrate. The positive samples underwent RT-PCR amplification followed by sequencing on the pieces of the VP7 or VP4 gene obtained.
RESULTS: one hundred and six (53%) samples from males and 94 (47%) from females. Twenty-three samples were positive hence a prevalence of 11.5%. The most affected demographics were children of guardians with secondary school education (51%). The most affected social economic status was housewives (46.5%). The most affected age was 21-30 months at 26.5%. Long electropherotypes were in 22 samples (96%). The G3 genotype of rotavirus A was prevalent 16/23 (69.57%).
CONCLUSION: rotavirus prevalence was 11.5%. The G3 genotype was the most prevalent in circulation. The occurrence of non-typable strains indicated that the strains may be diversified emphasizing the need to include emerging strains within the vaccines in use. Hence the need to continuously monitor the effects in older children.
Reading proficiency is important because it has life-long consequences and influences success in other academic areas. Many students with behavior problems are poor readers and many students with learning disabilities have more behavior problems than their typical peers. We conducted a correlational meta-analysis to examine the association between reading and externalizing behavior in students ages 5-12. We identified 33 studies that reported 88 effect sizes. Using a random-effects linear regression model with robust variance estimation, we found a significant, negative correlation (r= -0.1698, SE = 0.01, p < 0.0001) between reading and externalizing behavior. We tested several moderators related to measurement and sample characteristics. We found that rater type, behavior dimension (e.g., aggression), time between longitudinal measurement points, age of the sample, and percentage male of the sample moderated the relation between reading and behavior. Whether the reading assessment measured comprehension or word reading and socioeconomic status of the sample did not moderate the relation. Understanding the association between reading and externalizing behavior has implications for disability identification and intervention practices for children in elementary school. Future research should examine shared cognitive factors and environmental influences that explain the relation between the constructs.
Subjects will administer 20 I.U. of insulin in the nostrils using a ViaNaseTM controlled particle dispersion nasal device two times/day (BID) for 24 weeks.
Delayed bowel function (DBF) and postoperative ileus (POI), or disruption of the normal forward peristaltic bowel activity after abdominal surgery are common complications in general surgery patients that can lead to nausea, emesis, bowel perforation, or aspiration pneumonitis. DBF and POI increase length of stay, morbidity, and mortality in general surgery patients. It is extremely difficult to predict who will develop DBF and POI. Further, diagnosing patients with postoperative DBF or POI is almost entirely based upon clinical acumen, history, and physical exam. To date no imaging or laboratory studies are specifically recommended to diagnose these complications.

Gastric Point of Care Ultrasound (G-POCUS) is a simple and reliable imaging modality that can be performed at the bedside and does not involve ionizing radiation. In the pilot study, it was hypothesized that G-POCUS volume (ie: whether a patient's stomach appears full or empty) would correlate with measures of delayed bowel functioning based on identification of full versus empty stomach postoperatively following colorectal surgery. We found that patients with full stomachs had a higher incidence of DBF, length of stay, emesis, and need for nasogastric tube (NGT) placement.

This will be a randomized single-blinded study of handheld G-POCUS in which the study population will be inpatients hospitalized after abdominal/colorectal surgery. Patients will be randomized to an unblinded intervention arm or an unblinded standard of care arm. On postoperative day 1 (POD1), patients will be asked if they are having any GI symptoms. These are defined as presence of nausea, emesis, belching, and/or hiccups. In the intervention arm, clinicians will use the results of G-POCUS and presence/absence of GI symptoms to inform decision making according to one of two standardized algorithms. In the control arm, presence of GI symptoms will be assessed, and once of two standardized algorithms which are representative of the current standard of care for postoperative diet management. Data from both groups will be used to determine if the G-POCUS studies' results can predict the incidence of primary or secondary outcomes (control) or if intervening on results of G-POCUS can decrease the incidence of undesirable outcomes.
From the total participants enrolled into the cross-sectional study, the investigator will identify up to 18 participants who have insulin resistance and recruit them to participate in the placebo arm. Participants will take matching placebo throughout the 15 weeks of treatment.
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart arrhythmia worldwide and is linked to a higher risk of mortality and morbidity. To predict AF and AF-related complications, clinical risk scores are commonly employed, but their predictive accuracy is generally limited, given the inherent complexity and heterogeneity of patients with AF. By classifying different presentations of AF into coherent and manageable clinical phenotypes, the development of tailored prevention and treatment strategies can be facilitated. In this study, we propose an artificial intelligence (AI)-based methodology to derive meaningful clinical phenotypes of AF in the general and critical care populations.
METHODS: Our approach employs generative topographic mapping, a probabilistic machine learning method, to identify micro-clusters of patients with similar characteristics. It then identifies macro-cluster regions (clinical phenotypes) in the latent space using Ward's minimum variance method. We applied it to two large cohort databases (UK-Biobank and MIMIC-IV) representing general and critical care populations.
FINDINGS: The proposed methodology showed its ability to derive meaningful clinical phenotypes of AF. Because of its probabilistic foundations, it can enhance the robustness of patient stratification. It also produced interpretable visualisation of complex high-dimensional data, enhancing understanding of the derived phenotypes and their key characteristics. Using our methodology, we identified and characterised clinical phenotypes of AF across diverse patient populations.
INTERPRETATION: Our methodology is robust to noise, can uncover hidden patterns and subgroups, and can elucidate more specific patient profiles, contributing to more robust patient stratification, which could facilitate the tailoring of prevention and treatment programs specific to each phenotype. It can also be applied to other datasets to derive clinically meaningful phenotypes of other conditions.
FUNDING: This study was funded by the DECIPHER project (LJMU QR-PSF) and the EU project TARGET (10113624).
Standard therapy with intervention module (Module comprised of Cognitive retraining exercise and cognitive behavioral therapy- pen and paper based) Duration - 8 weeks Frequency - once in a week for 2 hours. In person delivery of intervention in a group of 5 patients.
Impaired cerebral microcirculation after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has been shown to be related to delayed ischemic neurological deficits (DIND). We previously demonstrated the involvement of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in the pathogenesis of SAH related neuronal death. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of a recombinant soluble form of RAGE (sRAGE) on microcirculation impairment following SAH. Intrathecal injection of autologous blood in rats, mixed primary astrocyte and microglia cultures exposed to hemolysates and endothelial cells ​(ECs) from human brain microvascular exposed to glia-conditioned medium or SAH patient's CSF were used as experimental SAH models in vivo and in vitro. The results indicated that intrathecal administration of recombinant sRAGE significantly ameliorated the vasoconstriction of cortical arterioles and associated perfusion impairment, brain edema, reduced cell death, endothelial dysfunction, and improved motor performance at 24 and 48 ​h after SAH induction in rats. The in vitro results further showed that recombinant sRAGE significantly reduced astrocyte swelling and microglia activation, in parallel with decreased mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in vitro. Moreover, the in vitro model of SAH-induced p-eNOS and eNOS suppression, along with stress fiber formation in brain microvascular ECs, was effectively reversed by sRAGE treatment and led to a decrease in cleaved-caspase 3 expression. In summary, recombinant sRAGE effectively lessened microcirculation impairment and vascular injury after SAH via the mechanism of anti-inflammation, which may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for SAH.
OBJECTIVE: Endovenous ablation has revolutionized treatment of varicose vein surgery but is associated with a risk of venous thromboembolism. There is no consensus regarding anticoagulation protocols for these patients. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aims to identify which anticoagulant is optimal in this cohort for clot prevention with minimal risk of adverse bleeding events.
METHODS: Library databases were searched for studies where patients were treated with one or more anticoagulants following endovenous ablation for varicose veins. The methodological quality of included studies was quantified using the Risk of Bias (ROB) assessment tools. Findings were reported using the meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology (MOOSE) checklist. Statistical analysis was carried out using metainsight (rpackage).
RESULTS: Observational data on just under 1500 patients prescribed post ablation anticoagulation (Rivaroxaban, Enoxaparin, Fondaparinux) were analyzed. Patient characteristics were comparable across the cohorts. 81 thrombotic and 40 minor bleeding events occurred in total. Overall rivaroxaban is found to be superior to the other agents.
CONCLUSIONS: This NMA indicates that prophylactic rivaroxaban is the highest ranked anticoagulant for thromboprophylaxis in patients post endovenous ablation for varicose veins, with a low risk of adverse bleeding. The choice whether to anticoagulate these patients is likely to remain at the discretion of the treating clinician.
To assess the efficacy and safety of the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and target therapy (anti-angiogenesis or EGFR inhibitors) as a second-line or subsequent treatment for recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (R/M NPC), we conducted a retrospective study. In this study, previously treated R/M NPC patients were administered one of the following treatment: ICIs combined with target therapy and chemotherapy (ITC), ICIs combined with target therapy alone (IT), ICIs combined with chemotherapy (IC), or chemotherapy alone (C). The primary endpoint under consideration was progression-free survival (PFS), while secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety measures. A total of 226 patients participated in this study, with 70 receiving the ITC regimen, 48 receiving IT, 48 treated with IC, and 60 undergoing C alone. The median PFS for the four cohorts was 20.67, 13.63, 12.47, and 7.93 months respectively. Notably, ITC regimen yielded the most favorable PFS among these cohorts. The ITC cohort exhibited a comparable tumor response and safety profile to the IT and IC cohorts (p > 0.05), but superior tumor response compared to the C cohort (p < 0.05). The ITC regimen also conferred a significant improvement in OS when comparing to C alone (HR 0.336, 95%CI 0.123-0.915, p = 0.033). The IT and IC regimens achieved a nearly identical PFS (HR 0.955, 95%CI 0.515-1.77, p = 0.884), although the IT regimen was associated with a lower occurrence of SAEs in contrast to the IC regimen (p < 0.05). In addition, the IT regimen demonstrated superior PFS (HR 0.583, 95%CI 0.345-0.985, p = 0.044) and fewer SAEs when compared to C alone (p < 0.05). These findings collectively support the notion that the combination of ICIs, target and chemotherapy exhibits robust antitumor activity in previously treated R/M NPC patients, without a significant increase in adverse events.
A device for managing postpartum hemorrhage is described. The device comprises an intrauterine balloon that may be deflated when inserted into a uterine cavity. The intrauterine balloon may be inflated inside the uterine cavity. The device also comprises a drug delivery vehicle that may be deposited on an outer surface of the intrauterine balloon by a coating technique or an eluting technique. The drug delivery vehicle may release a hemostatic drug into the uterine cavity. The device additionally comprises a cervical barricade that may retain the released hemostatic drug in the uterine cavity. The cervical barricade may be a cone-shaped plug that tapers proximally to conform to a contour of a vagina. The device further comprises a catheter that may be used to inflate the intrauterine balloon, deflate the intrauterine balloon, and support the cervical barricade.
Cell cycle-dependent protein kinase 12 (CDK12) plays a key role in a variety of carcinogenesis processes and represents a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. However, to date, there have been no systematic studies addressing its diagnostic, prognostic and immunological value across cancers. Here, we found that CDK12 was significantly upregulated in various types of cancers, and it expression increased with progression in ten cancer types, including breast cancer, cholangiocarcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma. Moreover, the ROC curves indicated that CDK12 showed diagnostic value in eight cancer types. High CDK12 expression was associated with poor prognosis in eight types of cancer, including low-grade glioma, mesothelioma, melanoma and pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, we conducted immunoassays to explore the exact mechanisms underlying CDK12-induced carcinogenesis, which revealed that increased expression of CDK12 allowed tumours to evade immune surveillance and upregulate immune checkpoint genes. Additionally, mutational studies have shown that amplification and missense mutations are the predominant mutational events affecting CDK12 across cancers. These findings establish CDK12 as a significant biological indicator of cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and immunotherapeutic targeting. Early surveillance and employment of CDK12 inhibitors, along with concomitant immunotherapy interventions, may enhance the clinical outcomes of cancer patients.
The invention discloses pesticide carbaryl artificial antigen and antibody and its producing method and application, the invention has carbamate pesticide, which has 6-amino caproic acid structure, micromolecule compound artificial hapten, antigen and antibody producing and its application in immunity analysis field. The invention opercomes the problems, such as fussy, high cost, low analyzing speed, of traditional physics and chemistry analyzing method, it provides convenient, rapid, sensitive, exact immunity analysis system. It uses 1-(5-carboxyl)-3-(1-naphthyl) carbamide and N-(2-naphthoyl)-6-amino caproic acid as hapten, it is connected with carrier albumen and horseradish peroxide enzyme to become artificial antigen and enzyme antigen. The artificial antigen is made to antibody after animal immunity, taking blood, separating antiserum, puring. The antibody is stable, it has good specificity and sensitivity, and the synthesizing method is simple. The invention can be used to pesticide carbaryl rapid detection, and it has good application foreground.
PURPOSE: To effectively control parasites belonging to the class Crustacea, which live on or in fish by using an agonist or antagonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor of an insect. CONSTITUTION: In order to control parasites belonging to the class Crustacea, such as salmon lice or sea lice, which live on or in fish, particularly fish in a fish farm, an agonist or antagonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor of an insect is used. As a preferred compound used in this control method, a compound represented by any of the formulas I and II (wherein A is H, an acyl, alkyl or aryl group or a divalent group linked to Z; X is CH= or =N-; E is an electron attractive group; (n) is 1 or 2; and subst is a substituent located at the 1-position, or the like), for example, the compound represented by the formula III, is used. It is recommended that the treatment is performed in the habitat water of fish, e.g. in a net cage, the whole pond water vessel, tank or pool, in each of which fish are reserved and protected.  This agent is particularly suitable for treating carps each having a 2 to 4 cm body length.
Clinicians in the control group do not have access to weekly feedback. Instead, they receive reports every 90 days after the youth is enrolled in CFStm. Because the average duration of CFS enrollment was 3.8 months, many youths would have been discharged before the first 90-day report became available three months after treatment start. Thus, we considered the 90-day feedback group to be essentially a no-feedback group.
OBJECTIVES: Oral microbiome dysbiosis prevention is important to avoid the onset and progression of periodontal disease. Dipotassium glycyrrhizate (GK2) is a licorice root extract with anti-inflammatory effects, and its associated mechanisms have been well-reported. However, their effects on the oral microbiome have not been investigated. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of GK2 on the oral microbiome using an in vitro polymicrobial biofilm model.
METHODS: An in vitro saliva-derived polymicrobial biofilm model was used to evaluate the effects of GK2 on the oral microbiome. One-week anaerobic culture was performed, in which GK2 was added to the medium. Subsequently, microbiome analysis was performed based on the V1-V2 region of the 16 S rRNA gene, and pathogenicity indices were assessed. We investigated the effects of GK2 on various bacterial monocultures by evaluating its inhibitory effects on cell growth, based on culture turbidity.
RESULTS: GK2 treatment altered the microbiome structure and decreased the relative abundance of periodontal pathogenic bacteria, including Porphyromonas. Moreover, GK2 treatment reduced the DPP4 activity -a pathogenicity index of periodontal disease. Specifically, GK2 exhibited selective antibacterial activity against periodontal pathogenic bacteria.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that GK2 has a selective antibacterial effect against periodontal pathogenic bacteria; thus, preventing oral microbiome dysbiosis. Therefore, GK2 is expected to contribute to periodontal disease prevention by modulating the oral microbiome toward a state with low inflammatory potential, thereby utilizing its anti-inflammatory properties on the host.
Peptide comprising 7-17 contiguous amino acids and hexamer, where the peptide does not contain tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-receptor-binding activity and is cyclized, is new. Peptide comprising 7-17 contiguous amino acids and hexamer of formula (TX1EX2X3E), where the peptide does not contain tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-receptor-binding activity and is cyclized, is new. X1, X2, X3 : natural or unnatural amino acid. N.B.: T and E are not defined. An independent claim is included for a composition comprising the peptide, which is formulated in the composition for administration to the human, and carrier. ACTIVITY : None given. MECHANISM OF ACTION : None given.