anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
AIM: To explore the relationship between proinflammatory diet, habitual salt intake and the onset of type 2 diabetes.
METHODS: This prospective study was conducted among 171 094 UK Biobank participants who completed at least one 24-h dietary questionnaire and were free of diabetes at baseline. Participants were followed up until 1 March 2023 for type 2 diabetes incidence, with diagnosis information obtained from linked medical records. An Energy-adjusted Diet Inflammatory Index (E-DII) was calculated based on 28 food parameters. Habitual salt intake was determined through the self-reported frequency of adding salt to foods. The associations between E-DII, habitual salt intake and type 2 diabetes incidence were tested by the Cox proportional hazard regression model.
RESULTS: Over a median follow-up period of 13.5 years, 6216 cases of type 2 diabetes were documented. Compared with participants with a low E-DII (indicative of an anti-inflammatory diet), participants with a high E-DII (indicative of a proinflammatory diet) had an 18% heightened risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The association between E-DII and type 2 diabetes tends to be linear after adjustment for major confounders. Participants with a proinflammatory diet and always adding salt to foods had the highest risk of type 2 diabetes incidence (hazard ratio 1.60, 95% confidence interval 1.32-1.94).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that a proinflammatory diet and higher habitual salt intake were associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. These results support the public health promotion of an anti-inflammatory diet and reducing salt intake to prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes.
Eligible patients had clinically localized (clinical TNM classification T1 or T2), biopsy-proven adenocarcinoma of the prostate and were randomly treated with RRP or EBRT. Exclusion criteria included prior treatment for prostate cancer, the presence of metastatic disease on imaging studies, the receipt of neoadjuvant androgen ablation before registration, and an inability to read or understand Italian language. The institutional review boards of every participating centre approved the study design. Every patient enrolled signed an informed-consent form approved by the institutional review boards. Clinical information collected from the medical record included pre-treatment serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, clinical T classification, and biopsy Gleason score. Follow-up assessments were completed before treatment and every 3 months after treatment. Subjects who sought primary treatment elsewhere or did not return follow-up questionnaires beyond the initial assessment were excluded from this analysis.
Once NuvaRing is inserted into the vagina, the ring should remain in place (not be removed) continuously for 3 weeks (21 days). EFV is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor taken at a dose of 600 mg once daily.
Risk Summary

There is no information on the presence of inclisiran in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. Inclisiran was present in the milk of lactating rats in all dose groups. When a drug is present in animal milk, it is likely that the drug will be present in human milk (see Data). Oligonucleotide-based products typically have poor oral bioavailability; therefore, it is considered unlikely that low levels of inclisiran present in milk will adversely impact an infant’s development during lactation. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for LEQVIO and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from LEQVIO or from the underlying maternal condition.

Data

In lactating rats, inclisiran was detected in milk at mean maternal plasma:milk ratios that ranged between 0.361 and 1.79. However, there is no evidence of systemic absorption in the suckling rat neonates.
This is an exploratory study involving schizophrenic patients (Group 1) and young and elderly healthy volunteers (Group 2 and 3 respectively). No investigational medicinal product will be administered. For all participants enrolled (Group 1 to 3) the study will consist of an eligibility screening examination (from Day -21 up to and including Day 1) and 3 cognitive assessment days. Cognitive assessments will be made on 2 subsequent days (Days 1 and 2) which are separated by overnight sleep. In addition, a session will be performed on Day 7. Completion of the cognitive test batteries can occur at any time during the day provided that the completion time is comparable on all test days. For each participant, the maximal study duration will not exceed 4 weeks.
ALT or AST > 3 x ULN were observed in 11% of bosentan-treated patients (n = 658) compared to 2% of placebo-treated patients (n = 280). Three-fold increases were seen in 12% of 95 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients on 125 mg twice daily and 14% of 70 PAH patients on 250 mg twice daily. Eight-fold increases were seen in 2% of PAH patients on 125 mg twice daily and 7% of PAH patients on 250 mg twice daily. Bilirubin increases to ≥ 3 x ULN were associated with aminotransferase increases in 2 of 658 (0.3%) of patients treated with bosentan. The combination of hepatocellular injury (increases in aminotransferases of > 3 x ULN) and increases in total bilirubin (≥ 2 x ULN) is a marker for potential serious hepatotoxicity. 

Elevations of AST or ALT associated with bosentan are dose-dependent, occur both early and late in treatment, usually progress slowly, are typically asymptomatic, and usually have been reversible after treatment interruption or cessation. Aminotransferase elevations also may reverse spontaneously while continuing treatment with bosentan.

Liver aminotransferase levels must be measured prior to initiation of treatment and then monthly and therapy adjusted accordingly [see Dosage and Administration (2.1, 2.4)]. Discontinue bosentan if liver aminotransferase elevations are accompanied by clinical symptoms of hepatotoxicity (such as nausea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain, jaundice, or unusual lethargy or fatigue) or increases in bilirubin ≥ 2 x ULN.

Avoid initiation of bosentan in patients with elevated aminotransferases (> 3 x ULN) prior to drug initiation because monitoring hepatotoxicity in these patients may be more difficult [see Boxed Warning, Dosage and Administration (2.6), Use in Specific Populations (8.6)].

In WHO Functional Class II patients, consider whether the benefits of bosentan are sufficient to offset the risk of hepatotoxicity, which may preclude future use as their disease progresses.
Globally, binge eating behavior has emerged as a significant public health concern, especially among female adolescents. Body shape concerns in female adolescents can lead to body dissatisfaction and other mental health issues. Using a cross-sectional study design, we evaluated the frequency of binge eating behavior, body shape concerns, and associated factors among 400 female adolescents. We utilized a pretested Arabic binge eating scale (BES) and a body shape questionnaire-shorter version (BSQ-8C) to collect the required data. We performed Spearman's correlation analysis to find the strength and direction of the correlation between the BES and BSQ-8C scores. Finally, we applied binomial logistic regression analysis to identify the predictors of body shape concerns. Of the studied participants, 5.5% and 6.2% had medium and severe binge eating behavior. We found a significant positive correlation between the BES and BSQ-8C scores (rho = 0.434, p < 0.001). Also, we found that body shape concerns were significantly higher among the monthly family income category of 5000 to 7000 SAR (p = 0.005), the severe binge eating categories (p = 0.009), and obese adolescents (p = 0.001). The present study results can be applied to the development of focused interventions and strategies to address these concerns in this group.
BACKGROUND: Piggery production is highly constrained by diseases, with diarrhoea in piglets being a major cause of economic losses to smallholder farmers in Uganda. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is thought to be one of the major etiologies of this diarrhoea. A cross-sectional study was carried out in two high pig-producing districts of Uganda with the aim of determining the significance of piglet diarrhoea and the pathogenic determinants of causative E. coli.
METHODOLOGY: A total of 40 households with piglets were visited in each district for a questionnaire survey and faecal sample collection. The questionnaire-based data collected included; demographic data and pig management practices. E. coli were isolated from diarrheic (43) and non-diarrheic (172) piglets and were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing against nine commonly used antimicrobial agents. The E. coli isolates were further screened for the presence of 11 enterotoxin and fimbrial virulence gene markers using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Data entry, cleaning, verification and descriptive statistics were performed using Microsoft Excel. Statistical analysis to determine any association between the presence of virulence markers and diarrhea in piglets was done using SPSS software (Version 23), with a p value of less than 0.05 taken as a statistically significant association.
RESULTS: Escherichia coli were recovered from 81.4% (175/215) of the faecal samples. All the isolates were resistant to erythromycin, and most showed high resistance to tetracycline (71%), ampicillin (49%), and trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole (45%). More than half of the isolates (58.3%) carried at least one of the 11 virulence gene markers tested. EAST1 was the most prevalent virulence marker detected (35.4%), followed by STb (14.8%). Expression of more than one virulence gene marker was observed in 6.2% of the isolates, with the EAST1/STa combination being the most prevalent. Three adhesins; F17 (0.6%), F18 (6.3%) and AIDA-I (0.6%) were detected, with F18 being the most encountered. There was a statistically significant association between the occurrence of piglet diarrhoea and the presence of the AIDA-1 (p value = 0.037) or EAST1 (p value = 0.011) gene marker among the isolates.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: The level of antimicrobial resistance among E. coli isolates expressing virulence markers were high in the sampled districts. The study established a significant association between presence of EAST1 and AIDA-I virulence markers and piglet diarrhea. Further studies should be carried out to elucidate the main adhesins borne by these organisms in Uganda and the actual role played by EAST1 in the pathogenesis of the infection since most isolates expressed this gene.
The invention belongs to the fields of radiopharmaceuticals and nuclear medicine and provides an imaging drug <68>Ga-NOTA-IF7 targeting Anxa1 in tumor blood vessels and a preparation method thereof. The drug <68>Ga-NOTA-IF7 is used for differential diagnosis and periodization of tumors, accurate positioning of focuses and curative effect monitoring. According to the invention, the tumor imaging drug <68>Ga-NOTA-IF7 is prepared through leaching of <68>Ga and <68>Ga-NOTA-IF7 labeling. The preparation method has the advantages of simple preparation technology, convenient operation, small consumption of time, a high labeling rate and a stable marker and facilitates further application of the drug in clinical practice, scientific research and medicinal development. The invention also provides a novel positive electron tumor imaging agent. The novel positive electron tumor imaging agent has good targeting to tumors, so tumor imaging effects are improved, and a visual tool is provided for differential diagnosis and periodization of tumors, accurate positioning of focuses and curative effect monitoring. <68>Ga-NOTA-IF7 is a labeled compound belonging to polypeptide and has the advantages of small molecular weight, low immunogenicity, good tissue penetrability, high tumor tissue affinity and good application prospects.
BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a prevalent cardiovascular disease resulting from myocardial ischemia and necrosis due to coronary artery occlusion. AMI is characterized by a sudden onset and high mortality, underscoring the significance of early diagnosis and treatment for improving patient prognosis. This study endeavors to assess the utility of a combined assessment involving serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), cardiac troponin-I (cTnI), and dynamic electrocardiogram (ECG) in the early clinical diagnosis and prognosis prediction of AMI.
METHODS: This paper constitutes a retrospective study. All enrolled patients underwent dynamic ECG examination. The study compared the serum levels of BNP and cTnI, along with pertinent dynamic ECG parameters [turbulence slope (TS) and standard deviation (SDNN) of the 24-hour interval between normal atrial depolarization and ventricular depolarization (R-R)], between the observation group (AMI patients) and the control group (patients with unstable angina (UA)). To evaluate the early diagnostic potential of AMI, we utilized receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to analyze serum BNP, cTnI, dynamic ECG, and their combined utility. Furthermore, a follow-up period of 6 months was conducted for AMI patients to record major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).
RESULTS: In the observation group, the serum levels of BNP and cTnI were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.001), while dynamic ECG parameters, specifically TS and SDNN, were significantly lower in the observation group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The results obtained from the ROC curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) for BNP, cTnI, dynamic ECG, and their combination in early AMI diagnosis were 0.838, 0.887, 0.874, and 0.974, respectively. The 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 0.781~0.884, 0.836~0.926, 0.822~0.915, and 0.942~0.991, respectively. Sensitivity values were 64.29%, 82.14%, 91.07%, and 88.39%, and specificity values were 91.00%, 88.00%, 70.00%, and 98.00%, respectively. Significantly, the combination of all three markers demonstrated superior efficacy in early AMI diagnosis compared to any single index (p < 0.05). During the 6-month follow-up of 112 AMI patients, 22 experienced MACE. The MACE group exhibited notably higher serum BNP and cTnI levels compared to the non-MACE group. Additionally, dynamic electrocardiogram parameters TS and SDNN demonstrated a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the MACE group.
CONCLUSIONS: The combined assessment of serum BNP, cTnI, and dynamic electrocardiogram enhances the early clinical diagnostic potential for AMI and holds value in assessing the prognosis of AMI patients.
Antibodies that bind a conformationally altered form of CD4 induced on the surface of a CD4+ cell upon contact of the cell with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or an envelope protein thereof (e.g., gp120), but which do not substantially bind native CD4 on the surface of a cell prior to contact with HIV or an envelope protein thereof, are disclosed. Preferred antibodies of the invention are the monoclonal Fab fragments 3-47 and 3-51. Pharmaceutical compositions, and diagnostic, screening and therapeutic methods utilizing the antibodies of the invention are also disclosed. The antibodies of the invention are useful for detecting a conformationally altered form of CD4 on the surface of a cell, for identifying agents that inhibit or induce formation of this conformationally altered form of CD4 upon gp120 binding, and for inhibiting infection of CD4+ cells by HIV. Molecules that express at least one epitope expressed on a conformationally altered form of CD4 induced on the surface of a CD4+ cell upon contact of the cell with HIV, or an envelope protein thereof, are also encompassed by the invention. Such molecules can be used to produce antibodies of the invention and to induce an antibody response in a subject that inhibits infection of cells in the subject by HIV.
Patients should be informed of the expected adverse effects of doxorubicin, including gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomatitis) and potential neutropenic complications. Patients should consult their physician if vomiting, dehydration, fever, evidence of infection, symptoms of CHF, or injection-site pain occurs following therapy with doxorubicin. Patients should be informed that they will almost certainly develop alopecia. Patients should be advised that their urine may appear red for 1 to 2 days after administration of doxorubicin and that they should not be alarmed. Patients should understand that there is a risk of irreversible myocardial damage associated with treatment with doxorubicin, as well as a risk of treatment-related leukemia. Because doxorubicin may induce chromosomal damage in sperm, men undergoing treatment with doxorubicin should use effective contraceptive methods. Women treated with doxorubicin may develop irreversible amenorrhea, or premature menopause.
PURPOSE:To obtain the subject refreshing material, containing cellulose in the form composed of a somewhat greater length than diameter in a specific proportion as an active ingredient, excellent in stimulating and messaging effects on the skin with hardly any rough feeling and used by blending in body wash agents, etc. CONSTITUTION:A cellulosic scrubbing material containing cellulose which is nearly columnar particles having 50-300mu circular reduced diameter at 1.1-3 ratio of the length to the circular reduced diameter as an active ingredient. Fiber of viscose, cuprammonium rayon or hemp, etc., as a natural material is utilized as the cellulose. The most preferred cellulose is the viscose. Since the scrubbing material used is obtained by cutting cellulosic fiber having the aforementioned diameter with a rotary cutter or guillotine cutter, the crushed surface of the scrubbing material has corners of nearly right angles. The scrubbing material exhibits suitable stimulation and mild touch due to such corners thereof and nearly the circular shape having a somewhat greater length than the diameter.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled contrasting agent capable of constantly giving a satisfactory contrast echo, by using a perfluorocarbon emulsion having a specific particle diameter as a main component. CONSTITUTION:A perfluorocarbon (e.g. perfluorodecalin, perfluoro-N- methyldecahydroisoquinoline, etc.) is added to a prescribed amount of a salt solution containing 1-6%(W/V), preferably 2-5% main emulsifier such as phospholipid, polymeric nonionic surfactant (preferably having a molecular weight of 2,000-20,000), etc. The mixture is agitated by a mixer to obtain a rough emulsion liquid, which is converted to the objective emulsion having particle diameter of 1-10mum, especially 2-5mum by emulsifying with an emulsifier under an emulsifying pressure of 5-50kg/cm<2> at 50-60 deg.C for 1-30min. The amount of the perfluorocarbon is selected to give the objective emulsion containing 2-100% perfluorocarbon. The emulsion can pass through capillary vessel of lung, develops a contrast echo even at left ventricle and is usable as a myocardial contrast echo agent for the diagnosis of ischemic part of cardiac muscle by intraaortic infusion.
This group will receive CSA Shares (a selection of fresh fruits and vegetables from a local farm) each week for 24 weeks over the summer of 2017 and 2018. The CSA does not operate over the winter.
The present invention relates to an antibody having an anti-angiogenesis activity. More specifically, the present invention relates to an antibody against ROBO4 and a pharmaceutical composition containing the antibody. An object of the present invention is to provide an anti-ROBO4 antibody having an anti-angiogenesis effect, a pharmaceutical composition or the like comprising the antibody, a method for suppressing angiogenesis using the antibody, etc. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the antibody. The antibody of the present invention activates the downstream signal of ROBO4 and has a suppressive activity against cell migration induced by VEGF or bFGF. The antibody of the present invention also exhibits an anti-angiogenesis effect in in-vivo models. Thus, the problem has been solved.
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the trends in morbidity and mortality at the population level that followed the introduction of newer once-daily long-acting bronchodilators for COPD. The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether the availability of new bronchodilators was associated with changes in the temporal trends in severe COPD exacerbations and mortality between 2007 and 2018 in the older population with COPD; and whether this association was homogeneous across sex and socioeconomic status classes.
METHODS: We used an interrupted time-series and three segments multivariate autoregressive models to evaluate the adjusted changes in slopes (i.e., trend effect) in monthly severe exacerbation and mortality rates after 03/2013 and 02/2015 compared to the tiotropium period (04/2007 to 02/2013). Cohorts of individuals > 65 years with COPD were created from the nationally representative database of the Quebec Integrated Chronic Disease Surveillance System in the province of Quebec, Canada. Whether these trends were similar for men and women and across different socioeconomic status classes was also assessed.
RESULTS: There were 130,750 hospitalizations for severe exacerbation and 104,460 deaths, including 24,457 (23.4%) respiratory-related deaths, over the study period (928,934 person-years). Significant changes in trends were seen after 03/2013 for all-cause mortality (-1.14%/month;95%CI -1.90% to -0.38%), which further decreased after 02/2015 (-1.78%/month;95%CI -2.70% to -0.38%). Decreases in respiratory-related mortality (-2.45%/month;95%CI -4.38% to -0.47%) and severe exacerbation (-1,90%/month;95%CI -3.04% to -0.75%) rates were only observed after 02/2015. These observations tended to be more pronounced in women than in men and in higher socioeconomic status groups (less deprived) than in lower socioeconomic status groups (more deprived).
CONCLUSIONS: The arrival of newer bronchodilators was chronologically associated with reduced trends in severe exacerbation, all-cause and respiratory-related mortality rates among people with COPD > 65 years. Our findings document population benefits on key patient-relevant outcomes in the years following the introduction of newer once-daily long-acting bronchodilators and their combinations, which were likely multifactorial. Public health efforts should focus on closing the gap between lower and higher socioeconomic status groups.