anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Chronic coronary heart disease encompasses a broad spectrum of disorders that range in severity from trivial to imminently life-threatening. The primary care physician encounters coronary disease at all stages. The number of available diagnostic and therapeutic options for evaluating and treating coronary disease is vast, presenting a complex selection strategy challenge when making choices for the individual patient. The primary care physician is responsible to tailor evaluation and management strategies to each individual patient based on his/her particular disease characteristics. There are many categories of diagnostic studies and therapeutic interventions that have been shown at the population level in clinical trials to improve patient outcomes. Blindly applying the findings of all demonstrated studies and therapies to a patient with coronary disease would saddle him/her with an unsustainable burden of diagnostic tests and therapies. The core principle of the approach outlined in this article is to tailor diagnostic and therapeutic choices to the operative pathophysiology that drives a particular patient's disorder. This introductory article is intended to provide a conceptual framework for studying and applying the specialized topics discussed in the articles that follow.
BACKGROUND: Despite its limitations, a culture remains the "gold standard" for pathogen identification in patients who have periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Recently, a synovial fluid antigen test has been introduced by a commercial entity. The purpose of this multicenter study was to determine the accuracy of the antigen test in the diagnosis of PJI.
METHODS: This retrospective study identified 613 patients undergoing revision total knee arthroplasty who had undergone preoperative synovial fluid analysis. A PJI was defined using the 2018 International Consensus Meeting (ICM) criteria. Patients who had an extended period (> 180 days) from aspiration to revision procedure (n = 62), those presenting within 90 days of their index arthroplasty procedure (n = 17), and patients who had an inconclusive ICM score (n = 8) were excluded. Using receiver operator characteristic curve analyses, we examined the utility of the microbial identification (MID) antigen test and any positive culture (either preoperative or intraoperative) in the diagnosis of PJI.
RESULTS: A total of 526 patients were included. Of these, 125 (23.8%) were ICM positive and 401 (76.2%) were ICM negative. Culture demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.864, sensitivity of 75.2%, and specificity of 97.5%. On the other hand, the MID test exhibited an AUC of 0.802, sensitivity of 61.6%, and specificity of 98.8%. The AUC of culture was significantly higher than that of the MID test (P = .037). The MID test was positive in 41.9% of culture-negative PJI cases. We also observed a high rate of discordance (29.7%) when both culture and the MID test were positive in the ICM-positive group.
CONCLUSIONS: Synovial fluid antigen testing does not provide additional clinical benefit when compared to traditional cultures for the diagnosis of PJI. The antigen test had low sensitivity in the diagnosis of PJI and a relatively high rate of discordance with culture.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.
Subjects in the medical therapy arm will be treated with piperacillin/tazobactam for at least 24 hours. Ciprofloxacin/metronidazole will be used in penicillin-allergic patients. Subjects will be maintained on nothing by mouth with intravenous fluids for at least 12 hours. Subjects will be transitioned to oral antibiotics when their WBC is normal, they have a decrease in CRP by ≥ 15%, and they have been afebrile for 24 hours on IV antibiotics.
PURPOSE:To obtain a composition for eye drops, containing 13,14-dihydro-15- keto-20-lower alkylprostaglandins and a polyoxyethylene sorbitan monoester of a higher unsaturated fatty acid as active ingredients and having intraocular hypotensive action. CONSTITUTION:A composition for eye drops is obtained by including (a) 13,14- dihydro-15-keto-20-lower alkylprostaglandins or their salts and esters thereof and (b) a polyoxyethylene sorbitan monoester of a higher unsaturated fatty acid as active ingredients. The ingredients are blended in the following amounts. 0.005-2wt.% ingredient (a) and 0.01-10wt.% ingredient (b) at a blending ratio of the ingredients (a) to (b) within the range of (1:1)-(1:500). The composition is prepared into the form of a solution, an emulsion, a suspension or a gel, an ophthalmic ointment, etc. Effects of the ingredient (a) are improved and side effects are reduced by using the ingredients (a) and (b) in combination.
All IVIG orders received by the blood transfusion service at participating sites will be screened for patient eligibility. All non-O blood group patients receiving a cumulative 28-day dose of IVIG ≥ 2 g/kg will be approached for enrolment. Exclusion criteria include the presence of an alternate cause of anemia, including blood loss, other drug-induced hemolysis, anemia associated with chemotherapy for cancer, or hemolysis associated with an underlying disease or participation in another ongoing study. Patients receiving repeated courses of therapy will be eligible for re-enrollment a maximum of 6 times. There are otherwise no exclusions on the basis of age, diagnosis, concurrent treatment, or specific brand of product received. Enrolment will occur at multiple Canadian health care facilities.

Upon enrolment,case report forms documenting the participant's previous medical history, IVIG treatments and adverse reactions, and concurrent medication use will be collected. Laboratory testing for hemolysis will be performed at baseline, immediately following the completed high-dose cycle (usually administered over 1-2 days), and then again at 5-10 days post-infusion. IVIG associated. Hemolysis will be defined and graded as per the criteria of the Canadian IVIG Pharmacovigilance Group. The pathophysiology of IVIG-associated hemolysis will be characterized by tracking changes in serum complement levels, performing extended cytokine profiling, and conducting mononuclear phagocyte activity assays using patient monocytes. Secretor gene status, ABO zygosity and FcR polymorphisms will also be determined. A predictive model incorporating both patient factors (eg., blood group, total dose prescribed, presence of pre-infusion inflammation) and product factors (eg., specific lot number) will then be developed.
Selenium (Se) deficiency is associated with the development of Keshan disease, a cardiomyopathy associated with massive cardiac immune cell infiltration that can lead to heart failure (HF). The purpose of this study was to determine whether high Se diet can attenuate systolic overload-induced cardiopulmonary inflammation and HF. Briefly, transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced cardiopulmonary oxidative stress, inflammation, left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, and pulmonary remodeling were determined in male mice fed with either high Se diet or normal Se diet. High Se diet had no detectable effect on LV structure and function in mice under control conditions, but high Se diet significantly protected mice from TAC-induced LV hypertrophy, dysfunction, increase of lung weight, and right ventricular hypertrophy. As compared with mice treated with normal Se diet, high Se diet also reduced TAC-induced LV cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, leukocyte infiltration, pulmonary inflammation, pulmonary fibrosis, and pulmonary micro-vessel muscularization. In addition, high Se diet significantly ameliorated TAC-induced accumulation and activation of pulmonary F4/80+ macrophages, and activation of dendritic cells. Interestingly, high Se diet also significantly attenuated TAC-induced activation of pulmonary CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Moreover, we found that TAC caused a significant increase in cardiac and pulmonary ROS production, increases of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), as well as a compensatory increases of LV glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) and 4 (GPX4) in mice fed with normal Se diet. Above changes were diminished in mice fed with high Se diet. Collectively, these data demonstrated that high Se diet significantly attenuated systolic pressure overload-induced cardiac oxidative stress, inflammation, HF development, and consequent pulmonary inflammation and remodeling.
Enrollment for group 5 is closed. Stable renal transplant recipients currently on standard immunosuppression.
Sixty-minute training sessions, 2 times a week for 24 weeks (48 sessions). From the 1st to 24th week, the participants were trained under variable-priority instructions, in which they were asked to spend half the session focused on balance (motor task) and half the session focused on cognitive task performance. The motor tasks (gait and postural balance) of this protocol were performed in a circuit composed of hula hoops, ropes (in a straight line and zigzag), agility ladder, traffic cones, steps, cardboard box, and other obstacles arranged on the floor (stable surface) or on mattresses (unstable surface), depending on the aiming of each training stage. The cognitive tasks included activities such as saying fruits, animals, cities, and/or person names started with a specific letter, solving mathematical accounts, singing songs, reciting verses, rescue working memory, among other cognitive tasks.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a naturally based safe anticariogenic agent having high anticarious activity, and to provide a composition for oral cavity containing the anticariogenic agent. SOLUTION: This anticariogenic agent comprises as the active ingredient at least one kind of extract from plant(s) selected from those belonging to Euphorbiaceae, Fagaceae, Umbelliferae and Lythraceae families, or comprises as the active ingredient a glucosyltransferase inhibitory substance extracted from at least one kind of plant selected from the group consisting of Phyllanthus niruri var. amarus Leamdri, Quercus phillyraeoides A. Gray, Glehnia littoralis F. Schrmidt ex Miq., Peucedanum japonicum Thunb. and Lagerstroemia speciosal. The other objective composition for oral cavity contains the above anticariogenic agent.
Orai1 channel capacity to control store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) and B-cell functions is poorly understood and more specifically in B-cell cancers, including human lymphoma and leukemia. As compared to normal B-cells, Orai1 is overexpressed in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and contributes in resting B-CLL to mediate an elevated basal Ca2+ level through a constitutive Ca2+ entry, and in BCR-activated B-cell to regulate the Ca2+ signaling response. Such observations were confirmed in human B-cell lymphoma and leukemia lines, including RAMOS, JOK-1, MEC-1 and JVM-3 cells. Next, the use of pharmacological Orai1 inhibitors (GSK-7975 A and Synta66) blocks constitutive Ca2+ entry and in turn affects B-cell cancer (primary and cell lines) survival and migration, controls cell cycle, and induces apoptosis through a mitochondrial and caspase-3 independent pathway. Finally, the added value of Orai1 inhibitors in combination with B-CLL drugs (ibrutinib, idelalisib, rituximab, and venetoclax) on B-CLL survival was tested, showing an additive/synergistic effect including in the B-cell cancer lines. To conclude, this study highlights the pathophysiological role of the Ca2+ channel Orai1 in B-cell cancers, and pave the way for the use of ORAI1 modulators as a plausible therapeutic strategy.
CSMD1 (Cub and Sushi Multiple Domains 1) is a well-recognized regulator of the complement cascade, an important component of the innate immune response. CSMD1 is highly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) where emergent functions of the complement pathway modulate neural development and synaptic activity. While a genetic risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorders, the role of CSMD1 in neurodevelopmental disorders is unclear. Through international variant sharing, we identified inherited biallelic CSMD1 variants in eight individuals from six families of diverse ancestry who present with global developmental delay, intellectual disability, microcephaly, and polymicrogyria. We modeled CSMD1 loss-of-function (LOF) pathogenesis in early-stage forebrain organoids differentiated from CSMD1 knockout human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). We show that CSMD1 is necessary for neuroepithelial cytoarchitecture and synchronous differentiation. In summary, we identified a critical role for CSMD1 in brain development and biallelic CSMD1 variants as the molecular basis of a previously undefined neurodevelopmental disorder.
A system and method prioritizes and presents heterogenous medical data. The method includes retrieving medical data of a patient, the medical data including data from multiple data sources. The method includes phenotyping the medical data to generate a reasoning trail and reasoning outcome including one or more codes, the reasoning trail including a basis for which the reasoning outcome is determined. The method includes assigning a relevance score to each of the one or more codes. The method includes ranking the codes based on the relevance score of each of the one or more codes. The method includes displaying the codes in rank order.
The Asiphephe (meaning "Let us stay safe") intervention is a problem-solving therapy manual delivered in a one-on-one setting by lay health workers during routine antenatal care. Lay health workers are already employed by the Department of Health and are trained in-service (30 hours) and receive monthly supervision (total of approximately 6 one-on-one hours; 15 group hours). Asiphephe includes illustrated job aids, participant workbook, intervention checklist, and an intervention manual. The model is informed by problem-solving therapy (Lund, 2018), trauma-informed coping (Sikkema, 2018) and safety planning (Garcia-Moreno, forthcoming) and was piloted with 12 health workers with input from 3 global mental health experts.
Embodiments manage the recall of a healthcare product that includes a plurality of healthcare parts. Embodiments capture a recall notice for the healthcare product. Embodiments initiate by a locate engine a background process for locating each of the healthcare parts. Embodiments locate each of the healthcare parts using product traceability, where each the healthcare parts includes a traceability status of Periodic Automated Replenishment (“PAR”), in stock, expense, or inbound. Based on the product traceability, embodiments generate a sequence of tasks based on the traceability status, the tasks implementing a recall action. Embodiments monitor the completion of the tasks to verify that the recall notice can be closed.
Caregiver- Survivor Dyads in this group will receive a two-session intervention spanning 3 months, with a caregiver module within 1-2 weeks of the end of RT and a dyadic module at 3 months. Each session will include a needs- assessment, a tailored care plan with a goal setting discussion, and referrals for unmet needs. Each session follows with a supportive mobile app for 6 weeks.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the performance of MRI scale for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in pregnant women and to determine the added diagnostic value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).
METHODS: From January 2018 to December 2020, 80 patients were included. All MRI were performed with a 1.5-Tesla scanner with anterior array body coil. This analysis included (1) T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), (2) fat-saturated T2WI, and (3) DWI. Two radiologists blinded to the diagnosis recorded their assessment of four findings: appendiceal diameter, appendiceal wall thickness, luminal mucus, and periappendiceal inflammation. The MRI scale of acute appendicitis which ranged from 0 to 4 was determined from these factors. An additional one point was added to the MRI appendicitis scale in those patients with evidence of appendiceal restricted diffusion on DWI. The diagnostic values and predictive factors were computed.
RESULTS: Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the calculated MRI appendicitis scale was a significant independent predictor of acute appendicitis with a sensitivity of 96.6%, specificity of 90.2%, and PPV of 84.8%. The odds ratio of appendicitis is increased by 22.3 times for every increase in one point on the MRI appendicitis scale. Therefore, the addition of one point for restricted diffusion in the appendix on DWI imaging can add substantial value, both positive and negative predictive value, towards making an accurate diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
CONCLUSIONS: MRI appendicitis scale is an objective and significant independent predictive factor for acute appendicitis in pregnant women. Incorporation of diffusion weighted imaging to MRI can improve diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: MRI appendicitis scale is an objective and significant independent predictor of acute appendicitis in pregnant women. Incorporation of DWI/ADC map to MRI examinations can improve diagnosis of acute appendicitis in pregnant women.
KEY POINTS: • MRI appendicitis scale is an objective and significant independent predictive factor for acute appendicitis in pregnant women. • The odds ratio of appendicitis can be increased by 22.3 times for every increase of one unit in MRI scale. • Incorporation of diffusion-weighted imaging to MRI examinations can add value to the scale (4.2 ± 0.7 vs. 0.7 ± 1.1; p < 0.001) among pregnant women with appendicitis versus pregnant women without appendicitis.
All children who were referred to the neurophysiology department who were either unable to keep still for their EEG, or required a sleep EEG as part of their epilepsy "work-up" and whose caregivers agreed to the administering of sedation with melatonin. Melatonin by mouth (3mg for children \< 15kg, 6mg for those \> 15kg) 1 hour before the scheduled EEG by the unit nurse. Children who can swallow the capsules directly, those who cannot are given the contents of the powder in the capsule mixed in a few millilitres of water. If the child fails to fall asleep within one hour of administration of the melatonin then a second dose 3mg is given) .
Parents will be recruited for the study through stories in the media and notices sent through the schools to parents of school age children. The information will invite parents to contact the study staff if in their view their child is more anxious, fearful, shy or worried than most children of their age. Parents will be screened to insure that the child's problem is appropriate for the study. If the child and family are judged to be appropriate for the study they will be provided a user name and password to access a web-based program called Coaching for Confidence. In the first part of the program they review the consent form and decide if they wish to provide consent. If they provide consent they complete initial assessment measures describing their child and themselves. Once the assessment is completed they have access to the program through the internet. They are encouraged to complete the program over a period of 10 weeks. The program focuses on supporting the parent's understanding of child anxiety and the strategies they can take in helping their child to overcome limitations related to anxiety.
Guanfacine hydrochloride is a centrally acting antihypertensive with α 2-adrenoceptor agonist properties in tablet form for oral administration. 

The chemical name of guanfacine hydrochloride is N-Amidino-2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl) acetamide monohydrochloride and its molecular weight is 282.55. Its structural formula is:

Guanfacine hydrochloride is a white to off-white powder; sparingly soluble in water and alcohol and slightly soluble in acetone.

Each tablet, for oral administration, contains guanfacine hydrochloride equivalent to 1 mg or 2 mg guanfacine. The tablets contain the following inactive ingredients: anhydrous lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, partially pregelatinized starch, magnesium stearate and talc. The 2 mg tablet also contains D&C Yellow #10 Aluminum Lake.
INTRODUCTION: Acute bronchiolitis is a common reason for admission to the pediatric emergency department. Evidence has shown that most interventions do not change the natural course of the disease.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study aimed to evaluate the economic impact of the non-compliance with the acute bronchiolitis Portuguese national guideline. A retrospective study of pediatric emergency episodes of a Portuguese hospital that had a diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis during 2019, was conducted.
RESULTS: The sample included 344 emergency episodes. Non-compliance with the guideline occurred in 71.8% of the episodes, mostly due to unjustified treatment. Following guideline in the studied hospital for one year would have resulted in an estimated overall 76.6% cost reduction, with a reduction in mean direct costs per patient of 14.93 €, corresponding to a medium saving of 3.89 € for each patient and a reduction of 11.03 € for the Portuguese National Health Service. Analyzing the unjustified mean direct costs, of these 2.97 € were related to inpatient diagnostic tests and therapeutic and the remaining 11.96 € were related to outpatient therapy. Mean direct costs imputed to the patient for outpatient treatment represented only 3.31 €, therefore most of mean direct costs is paid by the National Health Service.
CONCLUSIONS: Compliance with guideline would allow the reduction of total estimated costs by about 76.6%, representing a waste of resources, without compromising the quality of care provided. Most of the cost associated with non-compliance with the guideline is justified by outpatient therapy, 67% of which was paid by the National Health Service.
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a pre-leukemic condition with an extremely poor prognosis despite current treatments. It is the most frequent haematological disorder after the age of 65. Different approaches targeting the immune compartment have been developed but preliminary results seem to show variable response rates to these therapeutic highlighting the heterogeneity of MDS and the need to identify detailed immune profiles that are predictive of disease progression and can help in treatment choices. It therefore seems essential to complement the knowledge of immune profiles with an understanding of the metabolic profiles of MDS patients, as well as the links between these profiles and changes associated with progression and/or treatment resistance, in order to consider new therapeutic pathways.

Fresh samples from patients with MDS will be used to perform flow cytometry mapping of immune populations, T-cell and blast cell metabolism. Subsequently, a study of energy metabolism will be conducted using an extracellular flow analyzer and a sensitivity test for certain molecules targeting metabolic pathways. If possible, samples will be taken at different times during the course of treatment, according to the therapeutic protocols: diagnosis, progression/transformation, during azacitidine treatment.
A sepsis-induced immunosuppression phase has recently been characterized and has been associated with worse outcomes as well as increased healthcare costs. Furthermore, a marked suppression of the immune response has been partially described in patients hospitalized in the intensive care setting but its monitoring is not available in daily practice. QuantiFERON Monitor® is an immunological test evaluating the nonspecific cellular response by measuring interferon gamma (IFNγ) secretions after T-cell and natural killer lymphocyte stimulation. Several studies have shown the pertinence of this test, especially in patients with kidney failure requiring renal replacement therapy. Patients with lower IFNγ levels were also found to be at higher risk of infection.

This study aims at evaluating sepsis-induced immunosuppression base on QuantiFERON Monitor® in patients presenting to the intensive care unit for septic shock. The sponsor expects to identify sepsis-induced immunodeficiency in patients through a better understanding of cellular and adaptive immune responses. This should ultimately lead to determining thresholds for sepsis-related complications and identifying patients most at risk of sepsis-induced immuno-depression.