anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
High-grade gliomas are the most commonly occurring primary CNS tumors in adults. The investigational product in this clinical study is a drug-device combination product consisting of 5-ALA HCl oral solution and the CV01 ultrasound delivery device. 5-ALA will be administered as a sonosensitizer prior to CV01-delivered ultrasound and will be re-administered every 4 weeks prior to CV01 ultrasound delivery. The CV01 device will deliver non-ablative, low-intensity ultrasound to deep regions of the brain to induce apoptosis of cancer cells. Part A will focus on duration escalation and determining the recommended duration of CV01 delivered ultrasound. Part B will further explore safety and tolerability through cohort expansion at the recommended duration of CV01 delivered ultrasound. Part C will include an exploratory surgical cohort at the recommended duration of CV01 delivered ultrasound. This FIH study will evaluate escalating durations of ultrasound delivery with CV01 and will enroll up to 48 patients.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject composition excellent in hair dyeing effect and fastness, and little causing uneven dyeing and staining the skin by incorporating chloroxylenol and/or chlorobutanol. SOLUTION: This hair dyeing agent composition is obtained by incorporating a dye, 0.01 to 2wt.% of chloroxylenol and/or chlorobutanol, and other ingredients, as required, e.g. a higher alcohol, liquid paraffin, ester oil, fatty acid, silicone (or its derivative), vaseline, polyhydric alcohol, ultraviolet ray absorber, antiseptic, surface active agent, thickening agent, pH adjustor, alkaline agent, perfume and pearling agent. The dye for this composition is an oxidation dye composed of a major intermediate (e.g. paraphenylenediamine) and coupler (e.g. resorcin), or direct dye (e.g. colorant Black No.401). The composition can be prepared into a formulation in the form of liquid, emulsion, cream, gel, paste, aerosol foam or the like.
The present invention is directed to compositions, and methods for the delivery of drugs. Devices for the transdermal delivery of drugs are also provided. Specifically, the present invention relates to hydrogel compositions comprising water and a base mixture, in which the base mixture comprises: (i) a gelling agent consisting of methylcellulose or at least one natural gum, or a mixture thereof; (ii) at least one natural gum; (iii) glucose; (iv) propylparaben; (v) methyl paraben; and (vi) sodium chloride. The compositions may further comprise pectin, glycolic, alcoholic or oil-based additives, a coloring, fragrance, or other pharmaceutically acceptable additive. The compositions may further comprise substituted ureas of the formula R-NH-CO-NH2 such as butylurea. The compositions may further comprise drugs such as hormones selected from progesterone, progestin, estrogen and testosterone. Methods for the treatment of disorders responsive to hormone therapy are also provided. The figure is a cross-sectional view of a membrane-moderated transdermal drug delivery system.
In breast cancer patients, helical TomoTherapy is not a suitable option since the gantry continuously rotates around the patient, and this technique can deliver low dose radiation to lungs that is associated with an occurrence of radiation pneumonitis. To avoid this inefficiency of beam usage, a TomoDirect option using static gantry positions combined with simultaneous couch translation and dynamic collimator modulation has been developed. In a pilot study, TomoDirect seemed particularly well suited for postoperative irradiation in breast cancer patients. TomoDirect achieved an optimal target volume coverage and coincident adequate normal tissue sparing in a dosimetric study. Clinical studies of TomoDirect in breast cancer patients are scarce and have been assessed only in small and retrospective series. Thus, we undertook a prospective study on the technical feasibility and toxicity of TomoDirect in breast cancer patients who received postoperative radiotherapy.
### Stongyloidiasis

Two controlled clinical studies using albendazole as the comparative agent were carried out in international sites where albendazole is approved for the treatment of strongyloidiasis of the gastrointestinal tract, and three controlled studies were carried out in the U.S. and internationally using thiabendazole as the comparative agent. Efficacy, as measured by cure rate, was defined as the absence of larvae in at least two follow-up stool examinations 3 to 4 weeks post-therapy. Based on this criterion, efficacy was significantly greater for ivermectin (a single dose of 170 to 200 mcg/kg) than for albendazole (200 mg b.i.d. for 3 days). Ivermectin administered as a single dose of 200 mcg/kg for 1 day was as efficacious as thiabendazole administered at 25 mg/kg b.i.d. for 3 days.

In one study conducted in France, a non-endemic area where there was no possibility of reinfection, several patients were observed to have recrudescence of Strongyloides larvae in their stool as long as 106 days following ivermectin therapy. Therefore, at least three stool examinations should be conducted over the three months following treatment to ensure eradication. If recrudescence of larvae is observed, retreatment with ivermectin is indicated. Concentration techniques (such as using a Baermann apparatus) should be employed when performing these stool examinations, as the number of Strongyloides larvae per gram of feces may be very low.

### Onchocerciasis

The evaluation of ivermectin in the treatment of onchocerciasis is based on the results of clinical studies involving 1278 patients. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving adult patients with moderate to severe onchocercal infection, patients who received a single dose of 150 mcg/kg ivermectin experienced an 83.2% and 99.5% decrease in skin microfilariae count (geometric mean) 3 days and 3 months after the dose, respectively. A marked reduction of >90% was maintained for up to 12 months after the single dose. As with other microfilaricidal drugs, there was an increase in the microfilariae count in the anterior chamber of the eye at day 3 after treatment in some patients. However, at 3 and 6 months after the dose, a significantly greater percentage of patients treated with ivermectin had decreases in microfilariae count in the anterior chamber than patients treated with placebo. 

In a separate open study involving pediatric patients ages 6 to 13 (n=103; weight range: 17 to 41 kg), similar decreases in skin microfilariae counts were observed for up to 12 months after dosing.
Sustained or chronic inflammation in the placenta can result in placental insufficiency, leading to adverse reproductive outcomes such as pregnancy loss. Branched-chain amino acid transaminase 1 (BCAT1) expresses in the placenta and is involved in the pathological inflammatory response, but its role in recurrent miscarriage (RM) has not been fully investigated. In the present study, we delved into the effects of BCAT1 on trophoblast inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and a mouse model of pregnancy loss induced by LPS. In vitro, after the HTR-8/SVneo cells were treated with LPS and BCATc inhibitor 2 (a selective BCAT inhibitor), the cell apoptosis was verified by TUNEL assay, and the activity of caspase-3 and caspase-9 was detected. Real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunofluorescence (IF) were used to determine the expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) and inflammasomes (NLRP3 and ASC) in LPS-treated trophoblast cells. Western blot analysis was performed to verify the expression of phospho-IκBα (p-IκBα) in cells and NF-κB p65 in the nuclei. IF staining was used to detect the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. The DNA binding activity of NF-κB was detected by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The results demonstrated that inhibition of BCAT1 reduced trophoblast apoptosis, suppressed the release of proinflammatory cytokines, and prevented NLRP3 inflammasome activation in response to LPS. Additionally, BCAT1 inhibition blocked the activation of the NF-κB pathway in trophoblasts. This study highlights the potential therapeutic role of targeting BCAT1 in preventing adverse reproductive outcomes associated with chronic placental inflammation.
Patients with hormone receptor-positive MBC are eligible for endocrine therapy (ET) as first line treatment which is based on strategies aimed to either block signaling pathways depending on the estrogen receptor (ESR1) or using ESR1 antagonists. Only a few accepted predictive factors are associated with treatment benefit for MBC (i.e., hormone receptor status and HER2 status). Furthermore, a standardized assessment evaluation for MBC is still lacking. Because of these unmet needs, ET is continued until disease progression, or if toxicity requiring discontinuation occurs. Resistance is frequent in the treatment of early BC and unavoidable in MBC. Recently, mutations in ESR1 have been described in MBC that had been previously exposed to aromatase inhibitors (AIs) and are rarely detectable in primary BC. Besides that, resistance phenomena have been also linked to ESR1 cisregulatory elements (CRE, i.e. enhancers and promoters) hypermethylation, both related to ESR1 silencing.

According to the literature, the aim of the study is to detect tumor response with liquid biopsy technique compared to conventional clinical pratice algorithms.
The invention discloses a method for establishing an experimental model of a diabetic foot ulcer big mouse infected by Escherichia coli. The method includes the following steps that after the big mouse is fed on high-fat diet for eight weeks, streptozotocin is injected, and a diabetic model is manufactured. After the diabetic model is stabilized, II-degree scalding is performed on the skin of the big mouse, and after three days, subcutaneous injection of Escherichia coli suspension liquid is performed in each ulcer position. In addition, the invention further discloses a kit for establishing the experimental model of the diabetic foot ulcer big mouse infected by the Escherichia coli, wherein the kit comprises the Escherichia coli suspension liquid. The diabetic foot ulcer experimental animal model detects variation of biochemical indexes after pharmacological intervention, and a result shows that the model has the infection features of diabetic ulcer and concurrent Gram-negative bacteria. The model has the advantages of being short in ulcer wound surface healing time, sensitive to drug reaction and the like.
BACKGROUND: Platinum-based antineoplastic drugs are widely used in the treatment of solid tumors. Carboplatin is a safe and efficacious adjuvant treatment for stage I seminoma following a risk-adapted treatment strategy. It consists in the administration of one or two courses for patients with one or both of rete testis involvement or tumor size more than 4 cm. Carboplatin is used with the purpose of minimizing nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity caused by cisplatin while achieving excellent results. We present a case of carboplatin-induced hematuria that led to an acute kidney injury as a rare complication.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 48 year-old Caucasian man with no medical history and no history of renal disease presented with a painless testicular mass. He underwent an orchiectomy for stage I testicular seminoma and received one course of adjuvant carboplatin (area under the curve of 7); 2 days later, he developed frank hematuria associated with back pain. The physical examination revealed mild suprapubic tenderness and Goldflam's sign was positive bilaterally. Blood tests did not reveal anemia, his platelet count was normal, and creatinine levels were in range. Due to persisting hematuria requiring continuous bladder irrigation, he was hospitalized to monitor renal function and was initially managed conservatively with intravenous analgesics and adequate hydration. The following day, he developed an acute kidney injury (serum creatinine 1.90 mg/dL, glomerular filtration rate 41 mL/min/m2). Transurethral cystoscopy showed a blood clot on the left urinary meatus, which was irrigated and removed, revealing a clear ureteral jet. With no further measures, creatinine started declining and back pain improved. His acute kidney injury resolved in the following 72 hours. Computed tomography urogram showed a left ureteral ectasia with an enhanced urothelium within the upper and middle ureter, suggesting ureteral obstruction. The patient improved completely and was discharged successfully. On further follow-up 2 months later, a computed tomography urogram showed a complete resolution of obstructive changes.
CONCLUSIONS: Hematuria and acute kidney injury are rare but clinically relevant adverse events associated with the administration of carboplatin, regardless of the administered and accumulated dose. It is crucial to recognize this event and start adequate hydration promptly to prevent further kidney damage and the need for more aggressive measures, such as ureteral stenting or percutaneous nephrostomy.
BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbances, a public health concern that may lead to critical physiological conditions, are associated with personal characteristics such as gender. Limited evidence is available from the Middle East population on the gender disparities in sleep quality. Therefore, the current study examined gender-specific differences in sleep quality and disturbances among Jordanian citizens.
METHOD: A cross-sectional design was used to recruit a convenient sample of 1,092 adults from different Jordanian cities. Data was collected using a self-reported questionnaire comprising the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which was distributed online via social media networks. The participants were categorized according to their global PSQI scores into poor (PSQI ≥ 5) and good sleepers (PSQI < 5). The analysis focused on finding differences between women and men in terms of sleep quality and the effects of demographic, lifestyle, and socioeconomic factors on reported sleep problems.
RESULTS: Women were revealed to have a higher prevalence of all types of sleep disturbances than men. Women who were over 55 (compared to younger than 20 years), did not smoke, had multiple jobs or part-time employment (compared to unemployed women), and had a monthly income of more than 500 JD (compared to those with an income of < 500 JD) were less likely to experience poor sleep than other women. In contrast, men who neither smoked nor drank coffee, ate no sweets or only one to two pieces daily (compared to participants who ate more than two pieces daily), and worked fixed night shifts (compared to alternating shifts workers) were less likely to experience poor sleep than other men.
CONCLUSION: This study builds a more nuanced understanding of how different demographic, lifestyle, and socioeconomic factors - such as a participant's age, time of working duty, income, daily sweet consumption, daily caffeine consumption, and smoking - affect the sleep quality of men and women. Thus, promoting a healthier lifestyle for both genders by modifying risk factors - such as smoking cessation, as well as reducing their intake of caffeine and sweets - is the first step toward improving their sleep quality. Further studies are needed to examine how the social role of Arabic women affects their sleep.
Cefepime hydrochloride, USP is a semi-synthetic, broad spectrum, cephalosporin antibacterial for parenteral administration. The chemical name is 1-[[(6R,7R)-7-[2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-glyoxylamido]-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-3-yl]methyl]-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride, 72-(Z)-(O-methyloxime), monohydrochloride, monohydrate, which corresponds to the following structural formula:

Cefepime hydrochloride (monohydrate) has a molecular mass of 571.50 and a molecular formula of C19H25ClN6O5S2•HCl•H2O.

Cefepime hydrochloride is a white to pale yellow powder. Cefepime hydrochloride contains the equivalent of not less than 825 mcg and not more than 911 mcg of cefepime (C19H24N6O5S2) per mg, calculated on an anhydrous basis. It is highly soluble in water.

Cefepime for Injection USP and Dextrose Injection USP in the DUPLEX® dual chamber container is supplied for intravenous administration in strengths equivalent to 1 g and 2 g of cefepime. Cefepime for Injection USP and Dextrose Injection USP is supplied as a sterile, nonpyrogenic, single-dose packaged combination of cefepime hydrochloride with L-arginine (drug chamber) and 50 mL of 5% dextrose injection (diluent) in the DUPLEX® sterile container.

The powder chamber of the DUPLEX® container contains a sterile, dry mixture of cefepime hydrochloride and L-arginine. It contains the equivalent of not less than 90.0 percent and not more than 115.0 percent of the labeled amount of cefepime (C19H24N6O5S2). The L-arginine, at an approximate concentration of 725 mg/g of cefepime, is added to control the pH of the reconstituted solution at 4.0 – 6.0.

The diluent chamber contains Dextrose Injection USP, an iso-osmotic diluent using Hydrous Dextrose USP in Water for Injection USP. Dextrose Injection USP is sterile, nonpyrogenic, and contains no bacteriostatic or antimicrobial agents. Its empirical formula is C6H12O6•H2O and its molecular weight is 198.17.

Hydrous Dextrose USP has the following structural (molecular) formula:

The DUPLEX® container is a flexible dual chamber container. After removing the peelable foil strip, activating the seals, and thoroughly mixing, the reconstituted drug product is hyperosmotic and is intended for single intravenous use. Each 50 mL contains cefepime hydrochloride equivalent to either 1 gram or 2 grams of cefepime. Reconstituted solutions of Cefepime for Injection USP and Dextrose Injection USP range in color from colorless to amber.

The DUPLEX® dual chamber container is made from a specially formulated material. The product (diluent and drug) contact layer is a mixture of thermoplastic rubber and a polypropylene ethylene copolymer that contains no plasticizers. The safety of the container is supported by USP biological evaluation procedures.
Immune responses to biomedical implants, wound healing, and diseased tissues often involve collagen deposition by fibroblasts and other stromal cells. Dysregulated collagen deposition can lead to complications, such as biomaterial fibrosis, cardiac fibrosis, desmoplasia, liver fibrosis, and pulmonary fibrosis, which can ultimately result in losses of organ function or failure of biomedical implants. Current in vitro methods to induce collagen deposition include growing the cells under macromolecular crowding conditions or on fibronectin-coated surfaces. However, the majority of these methods have been demonstrated with a single cell line, and the combined impacts of culture conditions and postculture processing on collagen deposition have not been explored in detail. In this work, the effects of macromolecular crowding versus fibronectin coating, fixation with methanol versus fixation with paraformaldehyde, and use of plastic substrates versus glass substrates were evaluated using the WI-38 human lung fibroblast cell line. Fibronectin coating was found to provide enhanced collagen deposition under macromolecular crowding conditions, while a higher plating density led to improved collagen I deposition compared with macromolecular crowding. Collagen deposition was found to be more apparent on plastic substrates than on glass substrates. The effects of primary cells versus cell lines, and mouse cells versus human cells, were evaluated using WI-38 cells, primary human lung fibroblasts, primary human dermal fibroblasts, primary mouse lung fibroblasts, primary mouse dermal fibroblasts, and the L929 mouse fibroblast cell line. Cell lines exhibited enhanced collagen I deposition compared with primary cells. Furthermore, collagen deposition was quantified with picrosirius red staining, and plate-based drug screening through picrosirius red staining of decellularized extracellular matrices was demonstrated. The results of this study provide detailed conditions under which collagen deposition can be induced in vitro in multiple cell types, with applications including material development, development of potential antifibrotic therapies, and mechanistic investigation of disease pathways. Impact Statement This study demonstrated the effects of cell type, biological conditions, fixative, culture substrate, and staining method on in vitro collagen deposition and visualization. Further the utility of plate-based picrosirius red staining of decellularized extracellular matrices for drug screening through collagen quantification was demonstrated. These results should provide clarity and a path forward for researchers who aim to conduct in vitro experiments on collagen deposition.
Data on hospitalization for kidney diseases were obtained and extracted from the National Health Fund reports. In the present analysis, we used data from patients registered as residents in the Podlaskie, Lubelskie, Podkarpackie, Świetokrzyskie, and Warminsko-Mazurskie voivodeships from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2020. The set of variables that were subjected to the analysis included demographic features and ICD-10 codes. The diagnosis was based on reports obtained from to the National Health Fund, and these reports have not been reviewed with patient hospital documentation.
Participants will complete an 8-week group physical activity and positive psychology program, in which they will complete exercises related to increasing positive emotions and physical activity during and between the group sessions. They will track their activity (steps) and set personalized physical activity goals each week, and complete a group walk or indoor exercise during the group sessions. The investigators will ask questions about participants' health and health behaviors, and ask them to wear a physical activity monitor at the beginning and end of the program. During times when in-person visits cannot happen (e.g., COVID-19), we will do virtual group sessions instead of meeting at the clinics, conducted via videoconference platform (i.e., Zoom), the group walks will not happen, and all exercise will be done individually to comply with social distancing measures.