anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
In addition to the adverse reactions listed above which have been observed in patients treated with cefotaxime sodium, the following adverse reactions and altered laboratory tests have been reported for cephalosporin class antibiotics: allergic reactions, hepatic dysfunction including cholestasis, aplastic anemia, hemorrhage, and false-positive test for urinary glucose.

Several cephalosporins have been implicated in triggering seizures, particularly in patients with renal impairment when the dosage was not reduced. See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION and OVERDOSAGE. If seizures associated with drug therapy occur, the drug should be discontinued. Anticonvulsant therapy can be given if clinically indicated.

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Hikma Pharmaceuticals USA Inc. at 1-877-845-0689 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Potentially eligible subjects with Type 1 diabetes mellitus who are treated with with a basal-bolus insulin regimen through multiple daily injections or insulin pump at a total daily insulin dose ≤60 U, will be eligible. Visit 1 is approximately 3-6 weeks prior to randomization. Given some variability in HbA1c and C-peptide assays, re-testing for HbA1c and C-peptide can be performed within 18 days from the initial visit. Visit 2 is approximately 2-5 weeks prior to randomization. Subjects are on lispro insulin throughout study except during Visit 4 and Visit 5, the domicile 24 hr treatment period, when they are switched to regular insulin U-100.

Screen failed patients may be re-screened for inclusion in the study, as long as re-screening takes place at least 3 months after the original screening visit. If a subject is re-screened, he/she must continue to meet all inclusion/exclusion criteria. All study procedures of initial Visit 1 must be repeated at the re-screening visit.
BACKGROUND: The present study elucidates a common significant postoperative complication of micropulse transscleral laser treatment (mTLT) and explores its potential management strategies for younger patients with good central vision.
CASE PRESENTATION: Three younger Chinese glaucoma patients with good central vision maintained high intraocular pressures (IOPs) (36, 25, and 30 mmHg) on maximally tolerated topical anti-glaucoma medications. All patients were treated with mTLT because of a higher risk of complications with filtering surgery. After the procedure, their best-corrected visual acuities were not significantly changed, IOPs were significantly decreased, and the number of topical anti-glaucoma medicines was gradually decreased. However, all patients complained about reduced near visual acuity (NVA) for 1-5 months. Slit-lamp examination revealed pupillary dilation, and binocular accommodative function examination indicated accommodation loss. After treatment with 2% topical pilocarpine, all patients reported an improvement in NVA. Among them, we could observe pupillary constriction, recovery of accommodation function, and improved NVA, even discontinuation of pilocarpine in Patient 2.
CONCLUSION: In younger patients with good central vision, topical pilocarpine might ameliorate accommodation loss and pupillary dilation after mTLT.
Septic shock (SS) is globally prevalent in with high mortality rate.The current focuses on initial treatment of this condition emphasize on the early recognition, prompt administration of antibiotic, and restoration of hemodynamic with aggressive fluid resuscitation and vasopressor. Regarding the initial fluid therapy, administration of empirical crystalloid at the dose of 30 ml/kg is recommended in the guideline. The ultrasound-assisted management of shock patients has been introduced in the past decade and now is widely used. By using the measurement of inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter change during respiratory phases, physicians can predict the fluid responsiveness in the shock patients and tailor the fluid therapy during the resuscitation.Unfortunately, clinical outcome related to the use of this concept in SS resuscitation has not been well studied. Inadequate resuscitation with fluid therapy is related with higher mortality; however, fluid bolus or positive fluid balance that may result from "too aggressive" fluid administration is also associated with increased mortality in SS patients. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the 30-day mortality outcome of the SS patients who were treated with ultrasound-assisted fluid management using change of the IVC during respiratory phases in the first 6 hours compared with those who were treated with "usual-care" strategy. The secondary outcomes were to compare the rate of the need for mechanical ventilation (MV) and renal replacement therapy (RRT) as well as the 6-hours lactate clearance and the change in Sequential Organ Failure (SOFA) score in 72 hours.
NEW MATERIAL:1-Azaerythrinan derivatives of formula I (Y is -CH2-, -OCH2-; R1, R2, R3 are H, lower alkoxy; R4 is lower alkyl) and their acid adducts. EXAMPLE:16,17-Dimethoxy-1-methyl-1-azaerythrinan. USE:Analgesic: they have an activity of depressing the central nervous system. PREPARATION:A compound of formula II (R5 is lower alkyl) or formula III is reduced with a metal hydride to give the compound of formula I. The compound of formula II is obtained by the thermal condensation between a compound of formula IV (R6 is alkyl) and another compound of formula V followed by heating under acidic conditions. At the same time, a compound of formula VI also is obtained, which is alkylated at the 1 position to give the compound of formula III. The reduction of a compound of formula II or III is effected, e.g., using LiA1H4 in an inert organic solvent to give the titled compound in high yield.
The purpose of the proposed trial is to evaluate the impact of a multicomponent training program (TRAIN-Vets) on improving cognitive function and other outcomes over an 8-month period in older Veterans with TBI and cognitive complaints. The primary aim of the trial is to evaluate the efficacy of the TRAIN-Vets intervention to improve cognitive function in Veterans with TBI. Secondary aims of the proposed research are to evaluate the efficacy of TRAIN-Vets to improve: 1) individual cognitive domain scores, 2) psychological and social measures (sleep, mood, social and community engagement, and life satisfaction), and 3) physical fitness.

The investigators will randomize 120 older Veterans with TBI and cognitive complaints aged 50 or older to TRAIN-Vets or Health Education Control (HEC). Participants randomized to the TRAIN-Vets group will engage in aquatic-based exercise training and cognitive training combined with lifestyle coaching related to their brain health risk factors. This intervention entails 6 months of thrice-weekly aquatic-based exercise training at Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System (VAPAHCS). After completion of the 6-months of exercise training, Veterans in this condition will participate in 2 months of weekly structured on-line cognitive training focused on improvement of executive function and attention based out of the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System (SFVAHCS). Over the 8 months, Veterans in TRAIN-Vets will also participate virtually in monthly lifestyle coaching based at SFVHCS focused on improving other risk factors and symptoms. Participants in the HEC group will be mailed educational materials about brain health and healthy lifestyles throughout the 8 months. HEC participants will be contacted monthly through phone calls to check in and maintain interest. All participants will complete a phone screening, baseline in person and virtual visits, and follow-up visits with blinded assessors (to assess outcomes) at approximately 6 and 8 months.
Lumbar puncture was performed with a midline approach through either the fourth or fifth lumbar space using a 22 or 25 -gauge 4 cm disposable styletted needle. Spinal isobaric Bupivacaine 0.5%, 0.8-1 mg.kg-1 without epinephrine was injected using a 1ml tuberculin syringe.
A 41-year-old man was admitted to hospital due to sudden loss of consciousness. A regional brain perfusion SPECT/low-dose CT showed abnormal 99m Tc-HMPAO uptake in the right hemisphere frontotemporally without any other supratentorial or infratentorial radiotracer uptake. A neuropathological examination disclosed a middle cerebral artery aneurysm. Presumably, vessel wall fibrosis prevented collapse. Multiple transmural dissections of the fibrotic aneurysmal wall were the source of the subarachnoid hemorrhage. This interesting image shows that radiotracer accumulation in cerebral artery aneurysms can be a diagnostic pitfall in brain death scintigraphy assessment.
The invention relates to a shortscape fleabane herb extract in preparation of a medicine with an anti-oxidation function. The extract contains components of, by weight: 61-99% of a caffeoyl substance, 1-20% of a pyrone substance and 0-38% of a flavonoid substance. The invention also provides a composition with an anti-oxidation composition. The composition is characterized in that the composition comprises the shortscape fleabane herb extract comprising 61-99% of the caffeoyl substance, 1-20% of the pyrone substance and 0-38% of the flavonoid substance by weight. According to the invention, in shortscape fleabane herb, besides scutellarin, the other components such as the pyrone compound (pyromeconic acid) and the caffeoyl compounds (erigoster B, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid) also have anti-oxidative activities, and the composition thereof also has anti-oxidative activity. The anti-oxidative activity of the composition is higher.
BACKGROUND: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a growing cause of morbidity worldwide. Protein malnutrition is common among patients with ESRD. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) offers greater lifestyle flexibility and independence compared to the widely used treatments for ESRD. This study aimed to assess the nutritional status and the quality of life (QOL) of Palestinian patients undergoing PD, as well as the variables affecting these two outcomes.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients receiving PD at An-Najah National University Hospital, Palestine. The malnutrition-inflammation scale (MIS) was used to measure malnutrition, and the QOL score was evaluated using the Dutch WHOQOL-OLD module. Univariate and multivariate linear regressions were performed to check the association between the QOL and MIS scores.
RESULTS: The study included 74 patients who were undergoing PD, with an average age of 50.5 ± 16.38. The majority of the patients were females. The study found a significant correlation between malnutrition and lower quality of life (QOL) scores, as measured by the WHOQOL-OLD questionnaire (p < 0.001). Furthermore, younger patients and those who had an occupation were more likely to report a good QOL (p = 0.01). Conversely, patients with pitting edema and diabetes were at higher risk of reporting a lower QOL (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Given the elevated risk of malnutrition and diminished QOL among elderly patients, those with pitting edema, and individuals with diabetes, it is imperative to conduct thorough assessments for these groups. We strongly recommend that general practitioners, dietitians, and specialists collaborate to develop tailored programs and interventions to provide these patients with the focused care and attention they require.
Daphnetin, a coumarin derivative isolated from Daphne odorifera, has anti-tumor effects. The MAPK, STAT3, and NF-κB signaling pathways are closely related to the pathogenesis of lung cancer. To investigate the effect of daphnetin on anti-lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and its mechanism. The anti-tumor effects of daphnetin on the proliferation, clone formation, migration, and invasion of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells were investigated. The results showed that daphnetin inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of A549 cells through the MAPK/STAT3/NF-KB pathway, and mainly inhibited the clonal formation and migration of A549 cells through the JNK pathway. These results provide a new research direction and theoretical basis for the use of daphnetin in the inhibition of lung adenocarcinoma.
INTRODUCTION: Exposure to particulate matter (PM) pollution has been associated with lower lung function in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Patients with eosinophilic COPD have been found to have higher levels of airway inflammation, greater responsiveness to anti-inflammatory steroid inhalers and a greater lung function response to PM pollution exposure compared with those with lower eosinophil levels. This study will evaluate if reducing home PM exposure by high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) air filtration improves respiratory health in eosinophilic COPD.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The Air Purification for Eosinophilic COPD Study (APECS) is a double-blinded randomised placebo-controlled trial that will enrol 160 participants with eosinophilic COPD living in the area of Boston, Massachusetts. Real and sham air purifiers will be placed in the bedroom and living rooms of the participants in the intervention and control group, respectively, for 12 months. The primary trial outcome will be the change in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). Lung function will be assessed twice preintervention and three times during the intervention phase (at 7 days, 6 months and 12 months postrandomisation). Secondary trial outcomes include changes in (1) health status by St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire; (2) respiratory symptoms by Breathlessness, Cough and Sputum Scale (BCSS); and (3) 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Inflammatory mediators were measured in the nasal epithelial lining fluid (NELF). Indoor PM will be measured in the home for the week preceding each study visit. The data will be analysed to contrast changes in outcomes in the intervention and control groups using a repeated measures framework.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre (protocol #2019P0001129). The results of the APECS trial will be presented at scientific conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT04252235. Version: October 2023.
0.25% Acetic Acid Irrigation, USP may be administered by gravity drip via an administration set connected to an indwelling urethral catheter designed for continuous or intermittent two-way flow. A disposable dispensing set should be used. A bulb or piston syringe may be used for periodic irrigation of an indwelling catheter.

For continuous or intermittent irrigation, the rate of administration will correspond roughly to the rate of urine flow and should be adjusted to maintain a urinary effluent pH of 4.5 to 5.0. Nitrazine or other pH paper may be used to monitor pH, preferably at least four times daily. Drip rate should be adjusted as necessary to maintain desired pH; increasing flow rate reduces pH value and vice versa. With continuous or intermittent irrigation, each patient will require a volume of approximately 500 to 1500 mL per 24 hours.

For periodic irrigation of an indwelling catheter to maintain patency, about 50 mL is required for each irrigation and may be administered using a bulb or piston syringe for injection and aspiration as often as desired.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. See PRECAUTIONS.
Subjects receive 0.3 mg/kg IV ketamine over 5 minutes and are evaluated every 10 minutes. Residual or recurring pain will be treated as needed with adjunctive open-label bolus dosing of IV fentanyl (1 mcg/kg) followed by repeat boluses as needed every 10 minutes during the flight. For this open-label portion of the flight, subjects are asked if they need additional pain medication every 10 minutes, unless an earlier, spontaneous request is made by the subject or the provider determines that more is needed. For the potential of rare ketamine side effects (dysphoria, anxiety, or agitation), 2 mg IV midazolam is given every 5 minutes as needed for any of these symptoms. Vital signs are measured continuously throughout the protocol. Blood pressure is measured at 5 minute intervals.
BACKGROUND: Neglected tropical diseases are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality in low-income populations. International efforts have reduced their global burden, but transmission is persistent and case-finding-based interventions rarely target asymptomatic individuals.
METHODS: We develop a generic mathematical modeling framework for analyzing the dynamics of visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian sub-continent (VL), gambiense sleeping sickness (gHAT), and Chagas disease and use it to assess the possible contribution of asymptomatics who later develop disease (pre-symptomatics) and those who do not (non-symptomatics) to the maintenance of infection. Plausible interventions, including active screening, vector control, and reduced time to detection, are simulated for the three diseases.
RESULTS: We found that the high asymptomatic contribution to transmission for Chagas and gHAT and the apparently high basic reproductive number of VL may undermine long-term control. However, the ability to treat some asymptomatics for Chagas and gHAT should make them more controllable, albeit over relatively long time periods due to the slow dynamics of these diseases. For VL, the toxicity of available therapeutics means the asymptomatic population cannot currently be treated, but combining treatment of symptomatics and vector control could yield a quick reduction in transmission.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the uncertainty in natural history, it appears there is already a relatively good toolbox of interventions to eliminate gHAT, and it is likely that Chagas will need improvements to diagnostics and their use to better target pre-symptomatics. The situation for VL is less clear, and model predictions could be improved by additional empirical data. However, interventions may have to improve to successfully eliminate this disease.
Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is a major cause of ischemic kidney disease, which is largely mediated by inflammation. Mapping the immune cell composition in ischemic kidneys might provide useful insight into the disease pathogenesis and uncover therapeutic targets. We used mass cytometry (CyTOF) to explore the single-cell composition in a unique data set of human kidneys nephrectomized due to chronic occlusive vascular disease (RAS, n = 3), relatively healthy donor kidneys (n = 6), and unaffected sections of kidneys with renal cell carcinoma (RCC, n = 3). Renal fibrosis and certain macrophage populations were also evaluated in renal sections. Cytobank analysis showed in RAS kidneys decreased cell populations expressing epithelial markers (CD45-/CD13+) and increased CD45+ inflammatory cells, whereas scattered tubular-progenitor-like cells (CD45-/CD133+/CD24+) increased compared with kidney donors. Macrophages switched to proinflammatory phenotypes in RAS, and the numbers of IL-10-producing dendritic cells (DC) were also lower. Compared with kidney donors, RAS kidneys had decreased overall DC populations but increased plasmacytoid DC. Furthermore, senescent active T cells (CD45+/CD28+/CD57+), aged neutrophils (CD45+/CD15+/CD24+/CD11c+), and regulatory B cells (CD45+/CD14-/CD24+/CD44+) were increased in RAS. RCC kidneys showed a distribution of cell phenotypes comparable with RAS but less pronounced, accompanied by an increase in CD34+, CD370+, CD103+, and CD11c+/CD103+ cells. Histologically, RAS kidneys showed significantly increased fibrosis and decreased CD163+/CD141+ cells. The single-cell platform CyTOF enables the detection of significant changes in renal cells, especially in subsets of immune cells in ischemic human kidneys. Endogenous pro-repair cell types in RAS warrant future study for potential immune therapy.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The single-cell platform mass cytometry (CyTOF) enables detection of significant changes in one million of renal cells, especially in subsets of immune cells in ischemic human kidneys distal to renal artery stenosis (RAS). We found that pro-repair cell types such as scattered tubular-progenitor-like cells, aged neutrophils, and regulatory B cells show a compensatory increase in RAS. Immune cell phenotype changes may reflect ongoing inflammation and impaired immune defense capability in the kidneys.
PURPOSE: To obtain a therapeutic agent for a male or a female infertility containing a somatotropin releasing factor such as GRF-29 and a follicle stimulating hormone together with an excipient. CONSTITUTION: This therapeutic agent contains a somatotropin releasing factor (e.g. GRF-29) and a follicle stimulating hormone (e.g. menotropin) together with an excipient. The GRF can give an effect to the formation of follicle of an ovarium, a controlling mechanism of the formation and maturation of sperms. The GRF can be administrated into veins, into muscles or through a subcutaneous path and e.g. GRF-29 can be used as a freeze-dried ampule containing 100-150μg of the GRF and 100mg of mannitol as the excipient, and is dissolved in 2mL of a physiological salt solution and administrated through a subcutaneous path.
Lidocaine 2.5% and Prilocaine Cream, USP is an emulsion in which the oil phase is a eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine in a ratio of 1:1 by weight. This eutectic mixture has a melting point below room temperature and therefore both local anesthetics exist as a liquid oil rather than as crystals. It is packaged in 5 gram and 30 gram tubes.

Lidocaine is chemically designated as acetamide, 2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl), has an octanol: water partition ratio of 43 at pH 7.4, and has the following structure:

Prilocaine is chemically designated as propanamide, N-(2-methylphenyl)-2-(propylamino), has an octanol: water partition ratio of 25 at pH 7.4, and has the following structure:

Each gram of lidocaine and prilocaine cream contains lidocaine 25 mg, prilocaine 25 mg, polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters (as emulsifiers), carboxypolymethylene (as a thickening agent), sodium hydroxide to adjust to a pH approximating 9, and purified water to 1 gram. Lidocaine and prilocaine cream contains no preservative, however it passes the USP antimicrobial effectiveness test due to the pH. The specific gravity of lidocaine and prilocaine cream is 1.00.
Initially, 40 mcg each morning for one week. Then, increase to 40 mcg BID for the next 5 weeks. If tolerated, will increase to 80 mcg in the morning and 40 mcg in the evening for one week. Then, last dose increase will be 80 mcg BID until week 52.
Use in Uncomplicated Hypertensive Patients: In patients with essential hypertension, the recommended initial dose is 4 mg once a day. The dose may be titrated, as needed to a maximum of 16 mg per day. The usual maintenance dose range is 4 mg to 8 mg administered as a single daily dose or in two divided doses.

Use in Elderly Patients: The recommended initial daily dosage of Perindopril Erbumine for the elderly is 4 mg daily, given in one or two divided doses. Experience with Perindopril Erbumine is limited in the elderly at doses exceeding 8 mg. Dosages above 8 mg should be administered with careful blood pressure monitoring and dose titration [see Use in Specific Populations (8.5)].

Use with Diuretics: In patients who are currently being treated with a diuretic, symptomatic hypotension can occur following the initial dose of Perindopril Erbumine. Consider reducing the dose of diuretic prior to starting Perindopril Erbumine [see Drug Interactions (7.1)].