anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Mediastinal mature cystic teratomas are rare benign germ cell tumors that predominantly affect children. Despite their low incidence, they present unique diagnostic and management challenges. Early recognition and appropriate surgical intervention are crucial for optimal outcomes. This case report aims to highlight the importance of prompt diagnosis and management of mediastinal mature cystic teratomas in pediatric patients. We present the case of a 10-year-old female patient who presented with persistent chest pain and dyspnea. Imaging studies, including a chest X-ray and contrast-enhanced chest CT scan, revealed a large, well-circumscribed anterior mediastinal mass with calcifications. The patient underwent a right thoracotomy, resulting in the excision of a 6 × 5 × 5 cm mature cystic teratoma. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis. The patient had an uneventful recovery and was discharged in stable condition. Mediastinal mature cystic teratomas pose diagnostic challenges due to their nonspecific symptoms and heterogeneous imaging characteristics. Differential diagnosis includes other mediastinal masses containing fat and calcifications. Surgical excision is the preferred treatment, although complete removal can be challenging due to adhesions to neighboring structures. Close follow-up is necessary to monitor for recurrence and complications. Mediastinal mature cystic teratomas are rare tumors with variable clinical presentations. Early detection and surgical intervention are crucial for optimal outcomes. These tumors should be included in the list of differential diagnoses for mediastinal masses in pediatric patients.
The invention is concerned with a kind of external ointment for curing some illnesses. The ointment relates to angelica, crude radix aconiti, crude aconitum, crude lateral root of aconite, centipede, cordyceps, gekko, hoptoad, crude pedate pinallia jackinthepulpit rhizome, brazilwood, ganqi, camphor, muskiness, Huang-Dan, cannabis oil, camphor and muskiness. Select and clear the Chinese traditional medicine except camphor and muskiness, dip into cannabis oil and fry on fire, filtrate, concentrate on fire, ass Huang-Dan and boil till the color turning to black and get out of fire. Dip the pan with medicine into cold water and melt on fire again, add camphor and muskiness, stir and spread on tailor-made paper to get the production. It has quick effect for the illness with pain, such as rheumatoid arthritis, urgent lumbar illness and cervical spondylosis. Use the medicine for a long time and the illness can be cured, and it can improve or cure some illness by using for a longer time, such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteomyelitis.
Surgery is one of the leading treatment methods of patients with primary or recurrent malignant neoplasms in the thoracic or abdominal cavity. Extensive abdominal interventions are accompanied by such adverse outcomes as blood loss, hypoxia, inflammation, blood clotting abnormality, emotional and cognitive disorders, that increases the incidence of serious complications and worsens the treatment outcome and life quality in weakened oncological patients. Multimodal pre-rehabilitation before surgery can significantly decrease the incidence and severity of postoperative complications. The rehabilitation complex includes exercise therapy, nutritional and psychological support, smoking cessation and pharmacotherapy. Currently, there are a number of questions facing rehabilitation specialists and oncologists, that are related to the determination of pre-rehabilitation optimal timing and process duration, the choice of specific physical exercises, determining the load intensity. This review presents a current view on understanding of surgical stress in extensive abdominal interventions, its effect on the oncological process course, summarizes the experience of last years in choosing pre-rehabilitation program taking into account pathogenetic mechanisms of surgical stress and individual patient's characteristics. Special attention is paid to the comparison of physical exercises' various types, their action mechanisms at different stages of pathological process, the issues of load dosing during pre-rehabilitation activities.
LN-145 therapy as a single agent in patients with Stage III or Stage IV NSCLC, who have previously received 1-3 lines of prior systemic therapy. Patients with known oncogene drivers (eg, EGFR, ALK, ROS) who have mutations that are sensitive to targeted therapies are not required to have received prior systemic therapy with CPIs.
Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a surgical procedure in which a large section of the skull is removed, and the underlying dura mater is opened widely. After evacuating a traumatic acute subdural hematoma, a primary DC is typically performed if the brain is bulging or if brain swelling is expected over the next several days. However, a recent randomized trial found similar 12-month outcomes when primary DC was compared with craniotomy for acute subdural hematoma. Secondary removal of the bone flap was performed in 9% of the craniotomy group, but more wound complications occurred in the craniectomy group. Two further multicenter trials found that, whereas early neuroprotective bifrontal DC for mild to moderate intracranial hypertension is not superior to medical management, DC as a last-tier therapy for refractory intracranial hypertension leads to reduced mortality. Patients undergoing secondary last-tier DC are more likely to improve over time than those in the standard medical management group. The overall conclusion from the most up-to-date evidence is that secondary DC has a role in the management of intracranial hypertension following traumatic brain injury but is not a panacea. Therefore, the decision to offer this operation should be made on a case-by-case basis. Following DC, cranioplasty is warranted but not always feasible, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Consequently, a decompressive craniotomy, where the bone flap is allowed to "hinge" or "float," is sometimes used. Decompressive craniotomy is also an option in a subgroup of traumatic brain injury patients undergoing primary surgical evacuation when the brain is neither bulging nor relaxed. However, a high-quality randomized controlled trial is needed to delineate the specific indications and the type of decompressive craniotomy in appropriate patients.
This will be a Phase III, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study in subjects with moderate-to-severe SAR. The study will be conducted at 8 investigational sites during the 2007-2008 Texas Mountain Cedar allergy season. After a 7-day Placebo Lead-In Period (Day -7 to Day 1), subjects will be instructed to take placebo lead-in medication twice daily (1 spray per nostril), approximately every 12 hours. On Day 1, subjects who satisfy the symptom severity requirements and continue to meet all of the study inclusion/exclusion criteria will be randomized in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to receive 1 spray per nostril twice daily of MP29-02, azelastine hydrochloride, fluticasone propionate, or placebo nasal spray.

Efficacy will be assessed by the change from baseline in the subject-reported 12-hour reflective Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS), consisting of the sum of the scores of sneezing, nasal congestion, runny nose, and nasal itching. On Days -7 through 14, subjects will rate the TNSS symptoms, the TOSS symptoms of itchy eyes, watery eyes and eye redness, and the symptom of postnasal drip twice daily (AM and PM) in a diary prior to the dose of study medication. Symptoms will be scored on a 0 to 3 scale (0 = no symptoms, 1 = mild symptoms, 2 = moderate symptoms, 3 = severe symptoms), such that the maximum daily symptom severity score will be 24 for the TNSS and 18 for the TOSS. The 12-hour reflective TNSS, the instantaneous TNSS, the 12-hour reflective score for postnasal drip, the 12-hour reflective TOSS, and the instantaneous TOSS will be calculated based on these scores. Additional secondary efficacy variables will include reflective and individual nasal and ocular symptom scores and change from Baseline to Day 14 in the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ).

Subjects ≥ 18 years of age will complete the adult RQLQ on Day 1 (prior to dosing) and Day 14. Subjects will return to the clinic on Day 7 for an interim evaluation. After completing the 2-week double-blind treatment period, subjects will return to the clinic on Day 14 (or at time of early termination) for an end-of-study evaluation. Safety and tolerability assessments will be made on Days 7 and 14. Tolerability will be evaluated by subject reported adverse events (AEs), nasal examinations, and vital signs assessments.
A preparation and application of a uterus warming three-volt patch for treating dysmenorrhea belong to the field of traditional Chinese medicine patches. Preparation: 1. taking morinda officinalis, cinnamon, asarum, nutgrass galingale rhizome, chinese angelica, rhizoma corydalis, mugwort leaf, motherwort and white mustard seed powder, grinding the powder and sieving to obtain raw material powder; 2. mixing the raw material powder with rhizoma Zingiberis recens juice, and making into three-volt patch. Application: the acupoint application is used for cold-dampness stagnation type dysmenorrhea patients; the acupoints applied on the acupoint are Guanyuan, shenque, uterus two sides, secondary liao two sides and Qihai. The invention has very good improvement condition for dysmenorrhea; the external treatment can reduce the pain of patients when taking medicines and eliminate the conflict psychology of patients on medicines. Aiming at cold-dampness stagnation type dysmenorrhea, the invention can treat the cold-dampness stagnation type dysmenorrhea, remove cold in a patient, and strengthen healthy qi of the patient. The yang-warming medicament can regulate yang deficiency type or yin excess type of the patient, and the effect of the medicament is utilized to enhance the qi and blood circulation of the patient, so that the aim of treating or relieving dysmenorrhea is fulfilled. The uterus warming three-volt patch is suitable for treating dysmenorrhea.
Providers assigned to the intervention arm will participate in a short simulation training at the beginning of their 2-week block (planned for their second day). The training will take place at the Neil and Elise Wallace STRATUS Center for Medical Simulation at Brigham and Women's Hospital and will follow all of their recommended and hospital-recommended practices on social distancing, including the learning limits.
1. Cream comprising a tricyclic compound of the formula: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, an oil substance, which is a combination of isopropyl myristate and/or diethyl sebacate, a surfactant selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, pentaglycerol fatty acid ester, or glycerol fatty acid ester, a hydrophilic substance providing viscosity to liquids, water, and optionally a pH control agent. 2. The cream according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the surfactant, the oil substance and the hydrophilic substance are 0.1 ~ 15% (w/w), 2 ~50% (w/w), and 0.1 ~ 10% (w/w) among the total composition, respectively. 3. The cream according to claim 1, pH of which is 3.5 ~ 6. 4. The cream according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic substance is a carboxyvinyl polymer. 5. A process for producing the cream according to claim 1, which comprises mixing a solution comprising a tricyclic compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, an oil substance and a surfactant, with water to prepare an emulsion; and then mixing it with a hydrophilic substance and further optionally a pH control agent. 6. The process according to claim 5, which comprises mixing the hydrophilic substance and optionally a pH control agent, with water; and then mixing it with the emulsion defined in claim 5.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating condition characterized by progressive lung scarring and uncontrolled fibroblast proliferation, inevitably leading to organ dysfunction and mortality. Although elevated iron levels have been observed in patients and animal models of lung fibrosis, the mechanisms linking iron dysregulation to lung fibrosis pathogenesis, particularly the role of macrophages in orchestrating this process, remain poorly elucidated. Here we evaluate iron metabolism in macrophages during pulmonary fibrosis using both in vivo and in vitro approaches. In murine bleomycin- and amiodarone-induced pulmonary fibrosis models, we observed significant iron deposition and lipid peroxidation in pulmonary macrophages. Intriguingly, the ferroptosis regulator glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) was upregulated in pulmonary macrophages following bleomycin instillation, a finding corroborated by single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. Moreover, macrophages isolated from fibrotic mouse lungs exhibited increased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression that correlated with lipid peroxidation. In vitro, iron overload in bone marrow-derived macrophages triggered lipid peroxidation and TGF-β1 upregulation, which was effectively suppressed by ferroptosis inhibitors. When cocultured with iron-overloaded macrophages, lung fibroblasts exhibited heightened activation, evidenced by increased α-smooth muscle actin and fibronectin expression. Importantly, this profibrotic effect was attenuated by treating macrophages with a ferroptosis inhibitor or blocking TGF-β receptor signaling in fibroblasts. Collectively, our study elucidates a novel mechanistic paradigm in which the accumulation of iron within macrophages initiates lipid peroxidation, thereby amplifying TGF-β1 production, subsequently instigating fibroblast activation through paracrine signaling. Thus, inhibiting iron overload and lipid peroxidation warrants further exploration as a strategy to suppress fibrotic stimulation by disease-associated macrophages. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study investigates the role of iron in pulmonary fibrosis, specifically focusing on macrophage-mediated mechanisms. Iron accumulation in fibrotic lung macrophages triggers lipid peroxidation and an upregulation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression. Coculturing iron-laden macrophages activates lung fibroblasts in a TGF-β1-dependent manner, which can be mitigated by ferroptosis inhibitors. These findings underscore the potential of targeting iron overload and lipid peroxidation as a promising strategy to alleviate fibrotic stimulation provoked by disease-associated macrophages.
HBOT increases the proportion of dissolved oxygen in the blood, generating hyperoxia. This increased oxygen diffuses into the mitochondria, which consume the majority of inhaled oxygen and constitute the epicenter of HBOT effects. In this way, the oxygen entering the mitochondria can reverse tissue hypoxia, activating the electron transport chain to generate energy. Furthermore, intermittent HBOT is sensed by the cell as relative hypoxia, inducing cellular responses such as the activation of the HIF-1α pathway, which in turn, activates numerous cellular processes, including angiogenesis and inflammation, among others. These effects are harnessed for the treatment of various pathologies. This review summarizes the evidence indicating that the use of medium-pressure HBOT generates hyperoxia and activates cellular pathways capable of producing the mentioned effects. The possibility of using medium-pressure HBOT as a direct or adjunctive treatment in different pathologies may yield benefits, potentially leading to transformative therapeutic advancements in the future.
Nearly one third of Canadian children and adolescents are overweight or obese. Eating disorders are the third most common chronic condition in adolescents. Although both of these issues are highly prevalent, parents who have children struggling with either underweight or overweight are concerned about how to approach those topics. Even though they are usually well-intended, their intervention may have a negative impact. Indeed, research has shown that parents who encourage their children to diet or discuss their own diet is associated with overweight or eating disorders in their children. Conversely, if parents focus on healthful eating behaviors, overweight adolescents are less likely to diet and to use unhealthy weight-control behaviors. In that context, in order to help children struggling with unhealthy lifestyle behaviours, the development of educational materials to promote healthy and helpful conversation about weight for parents is critically needed. While the use of educational videos with parents has been studied, this will be the first study examining videos to educate parents regarding weight-related communication.

Available literature also suggests that health care professionals feel ill-equipped to address weight-related issues with their patients, particularly obesity. A lack of self-efficacy and training are recognized as two significant barriers to discussing weight with patients and their families. Other challenges include the fear of damaging their relationship with patients and their families and the apprehension of triggering other issues such as eating disorders. Thus, educational materials to help health care professionals talk about weight-related issues with their patients are warranted. Educational videos have been shown to be an effective way to improve knowledge, confidence, and attitudes of health care professionals and trainees.

The investigators have designed two whiteboard videos based on a weight-related communication scoping review and on the key messages identified in a focus groups conducted previously by our group (McPherson A et al. Talking with children and families about obesity and weight related topics: A scoping review of best practices. Obes Rev.). They will evaluate the videos using pre and post questionnaires directed on usability, content, quality (acceptability, engagement) and measuring the impact on perceived self-efficacy in regards to discussing weight. The investigators will also evaluate the impact of the video over time with a third questionnaire 4 to 6 months later. The pre questionnaire for parents will include socio-demographic questions to enable us to provide sample characteristics. These data will be collected as they are known to have impact on the way weight is perceived. The investigators hypothesize that health care professionals' perceived self-efficacy on discussing weight-related issues with their paediatric patients and parents' perceived self-efficacy on raising weight issues with their children and answering their answers on that topic will improve after watching the videos, and will persist over time.
BACKGROUND: Posterior wall (PW) isolation is an important adjunctive ablation target in patients with non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Traditionally performed with point-by-point radiofrequency (RF) ablation, PW isolation has also been performed with different cryoballoon technologies. We aimed at assessing the feasibility of PW isolation with the novel RF balloon catheter Heliostar™ (Biosense Webster, CA, USA).
METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 32 consecutive patients with persistent AF scheduled for first-time ablation with the Heliostar™ device. Procedural data were compared with those from 96 consecutive persistent AF patients undergoing pulmonary vein (PV) plus PW isolation with a cryoballoon device. The ratio RF balloon/cryoballoon was 1:3 for each operator involved in the study, aiming at avoiding any imbalance related to different experience.
RESULTS: Single-shot PV isolation was documented in a significantly higher number of cases with the RF balloon technology compared to cryoballoon ablation (89.8% vs. 81.0%; p = 0.02, respectively). PW isolation was achieved with a similar number of balloon applications between the two groups (11 ± 4 with the RF balloon versus 11 ± 2 with the cryoballoon; p = 0.16), but in a significantly shorter time among RF balloon patients (228 ± 72 s versus 1274 ± 277 s with cryoballoon; p < 0.001). Primary safety endpoint occurred in none of the RF balloon patients versus 5 (5.2%) patients in the cryoballoon group (p = 0.33). Primary efficacy endpoint was achieved in all (100%) RF balloon patients versus 93 (96.9%) cryoballoon ones (p = 0.57). Oesophageal endoscopy did not show any signs of thermal lesions in RF balloon patients with luminal temperature rise.
CONCLUSIONS: RF balloon-based PW isolation was safe and promoted shorter procedure times compared to similar cryoballoon-based ablation procedures.
Participants with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) will receive EPI-7386 + AAP to determine the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) dose of EPI-7386 in combination with AAP in dose finding portion of the study. In dose expansion portion of the study, participants will receive EPI-7386 RP2D in combination with AAP.
The OkuStim® group will undergo 30-minute treatments once a week for 12 weeks at 200% threshold level according to their individual phosphene threshold (IPT) readings from the OkuStim® device at the pre-treatment visit (week 1). Rectangular biphasic current pulses (1-ms positive, directly followed by 1-ms negative) will be applied at a frequency of 20 Hz.
Participants will be required to perform muscle strengthening exercises 3 hours per week. Close kinetic chain exercises will be performed progressively according to the ACSM guidelines over the 4-month intervention period. The exercise intervention will be conducted by an experienced sports trainer.
The homeostasis and health of an organism depend on the coordinated interaction of specialized organs, which is regulated by interorgan communication networks of circulating soluble molecules and neuronal connections. Many diseases that seemingly affect one primary organ are really multiorgan diseases, with substantial secondary remote organ complications that underlie a large part of their morbidity and mortality. Acute kidney injury (AKI) frequently occurs in critically ill patients with multiorgan failure and is associated with high mortality, particularly when it occurs together with respiratory failure. Inflammatory lung lesions in patients with kidney failure that could be distinguished from pulmonary oedema due to volume overload were first reported in the 1930s, but have been largely overlooked in clinical settings. A series of studies over the past two decades have elucidated acute and chronic kidney-lung and lung-kidney interorgan communication networks involving various circulating inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, metabolites, uraemic toxins, immune cells and neuro-immune pathways. Further investigations are warranted to understand these clinical entities of high morbidity and mortality, and to develop effective treatments.
Patients will be enrolled in this study at the participating centers when evaluated in gastro-intestinal (GI) clinics and endoscopy suites. Initial evaluation of patients will include collection of data on demographics, assessment of risk factors such as smoking, metabolic syndrome, family history and detailed medication history, and past surgical history. All patients will be complete questionnaires regarding Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) symptoms, GERD related quality of life (QOL) and overall health related QOL. Details of all previous endoscopic and surgical evaluation along with histopathology data will be documented. Patients undergoing endoscopic evaluation at the participating centers will have their endoscopic and histopathology results documented. This will include data collection regarding use of advanced imaging techniques, details regarding tissue acquisition, EET and adverse events. Patients undergoing esophagectomy will have surgical details documented along with complications related to surgery. Similarly, details regarding chemoradiation treatments will be documented .
There are eight escalating dose cohorts. Intravenous (IV) administration of ILB-3101 Q3W; Participants will continue treatment until the end of the study in the absence of unacceptable toxicities and confirmed disease progression.