anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVES: Endoscopic sinus surgery is not a definitive treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The use of sinus stents after surgery to maintain sinus patency and deliver local steroids has gained popularity. The first steroid-eluting bioabsorbable implant (SEBI) approved for this indication, later Propel, was developed in 2011. This state-of-the-art review aims to summarize the available evidence, as well as to point out potential pitfalls and lack of specific analyses to guide future research on this new therapeutic option.
DATA SOURCES: Pubmed (Medline), the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, SciELO.
REVIEW METHODS: Nine research questions were defined: Are steroid-eluting Sinus implants useful for the control of CRS symptoms after surgery? Do they improve surgical field healing after CRS surgery? Do they decrease polyp regrowth after ESS? Do they decrease the need for ESS? Are they useful in symptom control as in-office procedure? Are they better than other steroid-impregnated resorbable materials? Do they have a positive impact on olfaction? Are they safe? Are they cost-effective? Retrieved articles were reviewed by two authors.
RESULTS: Twenty nine studies were included: 3 metanalysis, 1 systematic review, 10 randomized clinical trials, 4 quasi-experimental studies, 1 retrospective cohort study, 4 cost studies, 3 case series and 2 expert consensus. The review encompassed a population of 3,012 patients treated with SEBI and 2826 controls.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the first state-of-the-art review assessing steroid eluting bioabsorbable stent evidence. Despite the effort in recent years, still several questions remain unanswered. This review will hopefully guide future research efforts to better define the role of SEBI in the otolaryngology practice.
Central neurogenic hyperventilation (CNH) is a rare disease, caused by chemical or mechanical disturbance of respiratory centers. It is characterized by the absence of extracerebral respiratory stimuli. A woman developed severe respiratory alkalosis and lactatemia after resection of a posterior fossa meningioma despite lack of cardio-respiratory or metabolic alterations. Cerebral computed tomography (cCT) revealed edema of the pontomedullary area. Treatment with mannitol and dexamethasone reestablished normal breathing patterns. Lactatemia was likely due to reduced splanchnic lactate utilization. Intracranial pathologies should be suspected in case of hyperventilation without overt reasons. cCT to confirm edema or ischemia and prompt treatment is suggested.
Adult participants receive single dose of 600 mg of L9LS subcutaneously. Once subjects reach day 7 post-administration without safety concerns dosing begins for arm 3.
The present invention relates to a fluorouracil medicine carrying microsphere and a preparation method thereof. The fluorouracil medicine carrying microsphere is prepared by using polylactic acid as a coating material, using nanometer silicon dioxide or mesoporous silicon dioxide as a carrier and using the adsorption function of silicon dioxide to adsorb fluorouracil, wherein the medicine carrying quantity is from 18.7% to 32.6%; the average grain size is from 13.25 to 40.01 mum. The preparation method of the medicine carrying microsphere comprises the following steps: polylactic acid (PLA) is added to methylene chloride, and SiO2 is uniformly dispersed in the PLA solution to form a suspension; the suspension is injected in gelatin water solution under the condition of stirring to form an oil-in-water type O/W emulsion which is stirred to volatilize methylene chloride, microspheres are solidified, collected by centrifugation and washed by redistilled water, and then, vacuum drying is carried out at the temperature of 20 to 50DEGC to obtain SiO2-PLA microspheres; the microspheres are dipped in fluorouracil hydrochlric solution for 1 hour, the microspheres in the suspension are centrifugated, collected and washed by redistilled water, and then, freeze drying is carried out to obtain the medicine carrying microsphere. The medicine carrying quantity of the fluorouracil medicine carrying microsphere of the present invention is obviously increased. The surface of the microsphere is smooth and is not adhered. The size of the microsphere is from 13.25 to 40.01 mum. The microsphere has uniform diameter distribution, obvious and long-time sustained release action, and tissue targeting.
A method of identifying compounds having effects on protein stability is provided. The method is capable of efficiently screening high numbers of compounds for their effects on a number of different proteins. Additionally, the present invention identified compounds and classes of compound which alter the stability of proteins. Compounds useful in the present invention include molecules having more than one charge. These molecules bind to unpaired charge sites on the surface of proteins, thereby altering the stability of the protein. The effect of the compounds on the protein is determined by the inhibition of protein aggregation attributable to the presence of the compound.
The invention relates, in one embodiment to a computer-implemented method for dynamically tailoring dosages of a biochemical compound administered to a human under a biochemical-based therapy program. The method includes administering a first plurality of stimulus exercises to the human over a period of time. The first plurality of stimulus exercises are administered to the human after at least one administration of the biochemical compound. The method also includes measuring responses from the first plurality of stimulus exercises to assess efficacy levels of the biochemical portion on the human as a function of time over the period of time. The method further includes dynamically modulating the dosages of the biochemical compound responsive to the efficacy levels measured from the first plurality of stimulus exercises.  The modulating results in a first dosage configured to be administered to the human at a first administration time and a second dosage different from the first dosage configured to be administered to the human at a second administration time different from the first administration time.
BACKGROUND: Medial temporal lobe atrophy has been linked to decline in neuropsychological measures of explicit memory function. While the hippocampus has long been identified as a critical structure in learning and memory processes, less is known about contributions of the amygdala to these functions. We sought to investigate the relationship between amygdala volume and memory functioning in a clinical sample of older adults with and without cognitive impairment.
METHODS: A serial clinical sample of older adults that underwent neuropsychological assessment at an outpatient neurology clinic was selected for retrospective chart review. Patients were included in the study if they completed a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment within six months of a structural magnetic resonance imaging scan. Regional brain volumes were quantified using Neuroreader® software. Associations between bilateral hippocampal and amygdala volumes and memory scores, derived from immediate and delayed recall conditions of a verbal story learning task and a visual design reconstruction task, were examined using mixed-effects general linear models, controlling for total intracranial volume, scanner model, age, sex and education. Partial correlation coefficients, adjusted for these covariates, were calculated to estimate the strength of the association between volumes and memory scores.
RESULTS: A total of 68 (39 F, 29 M) participants were included in the analyses, with a mean (SD) adjusted age of 80.1 (6.0) and educational level of 15.9 (2.5) years. Controlling for age, sex, education, and total intracranial volume, greater amygdala volumes were associated with better verbal and visual memory performance, with effect sizes comparable to hippocampal volume. No significant lateralized effects were observed. Partial correlation coefficients ranged from 0.47 to 0.33 (p<.001).
CONCLUSION: These findings contribute to a growing body of knowledge identifying the amygdala as a target for further research in memory functioning. This highlights the importance of considering the broader functioning of the limbic system in which multiple subcortical structures contribute to memory processes and decline in older adults.
1493974 X-ray contrast preparations PHARMACIA AB 14 March 1975 [14 March 1974] 10785/75 Heading A5B X-ray contrast preparations intended for the X-ray examination of body cavities having outer discharge orifices e.g. the alimentary tract, comprise a finely divided water-insoluble inorganic X-ray contrast producing substance such as barium sulphate, tantalum or a bismuth compound, 'and particles of a hydrophilic polymer covalently cross-linked to form a three-dimensional network, insoluble in water at body temperature but water-swellable, comprising 0.01 to 20 milliequivalents of amino groups per gram of dry polymer, the average particle size of the polymer particles in the presence of water being from 0.01 micrometre to 500 micro-metre. The amino groups may exist totally or partially in the form of non-toxic salts. Many examples of suitable polymers are referred to. The polymer particles and X-ray contrast producing substance are preferably suspended in a physiologically acceptable aqueous liquid which may also contain salts e.g. sodium citrate and sodium chloride; agents which influence the function of the stomach and/or the intestines, therapeutic substances; substances which raise the viscosity e.g. gum arabic and carboxymethylcellulose; anti-foam agents e.g. dimethylpolysiloxane; flavouring substances; antimicrobial substances and/or antacids.
BACKGROUND: The efficacy of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) in the elderly remains unclear. This study evaluated the impact of GDMT (aspirin or a P2Y12inhibitor, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker, β-blocker, and statin) at discharge on long-term mortality in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
METHODS AND RESULTS: Of 2,547 consecutive patients with AMI undergoing PCI in 2009-2020, we retrospectively analyzed 573 patients aged ≥80 years. The median follow-up period was 1,140 days. GDMT was prescribed to 192 (33.5%) patients at discharge. Compared with patients without GDMT, those with GDMT were younger and had higher rates of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and left anterior descending artery culprit lesion, higher peak creatine phosphokinase concentration, and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). After adjusting for confounders, GDMT was independently associated with a lower cardiovascular death rate (hazard ratio [HR] 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.16-0.81), but not with all-cause mortality (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.50-1.18). In the subgroup analysis, the favorable impact of GDMT on cardiovascular death was significant in patients aged 80-89 years, with LVEF <50%, or with an estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥30 mL/min/1.73 m2.
CONCLUSIONS: GDMT in patients with AMI aged ≥80 years undergoing PCI was associated with a lower cardiovascular death rate but not all-cause mortality.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to composition for oral administration. Composition has antifungal agent and sufficient amount of cyclodextrin or its derivative, an aqueous acid medium as the main liquid carrier and alcoholic cosolvent. Addition to composition one or some pharmaceutically acceptable aromatic substances provides good taste for oral composition proposed. Invention proposes also a method of preparing these compositions and pharmaceutical medicinal forms involving the above indicated compositions. The obtained compositions show good biological availability and acceptable organoleptic properties. EFFECT: improved quality and properties of compositions. 8 cl
Gel, powder, suspension, emulsions or film formulations for systemic delivery of insulin with improved stability and rapid onset of action are described herein. The formulations are preferably absorbed to a mucosal surface, most preferably via buccal or sublingual administration, although rectal, vaginal, nasal or ocular administration is possible. The formulations contain insulin in combination with a chelator and dissolution agent, and optionally additional excipients. In the preferred embodiment, the formulation contains human insulin, a zinc chelator such as EDTA and a dissolution agent such as citric acid. Following administration, these formulations are rapidly absorbed into the blood stream. The formulation is preferably a polymeric gel, powder or film which adheres to the mucosal surface, thereby enhancing uptake of the incorporated drug. In the preferred embodiment, this formulation is administered sublingually, most preferably before a meal or after a meal.
Extubation in operating theater after elective intracranial surgery is superlative. Early extubation strategy should be planned in preoperative period jointly with neurosurgical team. Any deviations from the plan should be identified, whether they originated from surgical aspects or anesthetic managements. The time-point for extubation in neurosurgical patients is more challenging compared to other non-brain surgeries. We identified some potential prognostic impacts to prolonged mechanical ventilation in elective neurosurgical patients.

The study was approved by the Institution Research Ethics Committee Panel 5, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. (ANE-2565-09317). The study was carried out at the neurosurgical operating theater and neurosurgical intensive care unit, Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai University-Hospital. The study design was a retrospective Cohort study, recruited elective adult neurosurgical patients during December 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022. The patients were excluded if they had pre-operative definite airway control. The primary outcome was extubation success in the operating theater. Prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) means the patients who could not undergo the weaning protocol and extubation in 48 hours of surgery. The secondary outcome was the features associated with the prolonged mechanical ventilation. For continuous data, we used the student's t-test. For categorical data, we used the Fisher's exact or Chi-square test. Univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression were used to identified the prognostic factors. P values \< 0.05 indicated statistical significance.
The present invention provides a method of achieving a novel Propafenone formulation, which will have reduced number dosings and improved bioavailability. The present invention also applies to the salt and active metabolites of the parent and pro-drug. The novel compositions are designed to release Propafenone after oral intake in a manner, which enables absorption to take place in the gastrointestinal tract so that a relatively fast peak plasma concentration of the active is obtained. The time-specific pharmaceutical formulation, the disintegration of which is triggered by time lapse and the pH of the environment to which it is subjected. The novel compositions are also designed for administration once or twice daily. i.e. a therapeutically effective concentration of Propafenone is maintained for a period of at least 10-20 hours. A composition is designed to release Propafenone in at least the following consecutive steps: i) an initial relatively fast release of Prop afenone, ii) a second rise in release of Propafenone about 1-6 hours after oral intake; and iii) a third rise in release of Propafenone about 4-15 hours after oral intake, depending upon ones metabolism.
Mechanisms are provided to implement a neural network, a concept extractor, and a machine learning model that operate to provide automatic contour annotation of medical images based on correlations with medical reports. The neural network processes a medical image to extract image features of the medical image. The concept extractor processes a portion of text associated with the medical image to extract concepts associated with the portion of text. The machine learning model correlates the extracted image features with the extracted concepts. An annotated medical image is generated based on the correlation of the extracted image features and extracted concepts. An annotation of the annotated medical image specifies a region of interest corresponding to both an extracted image feature and an extracted concept, thereby automatically mapping the portion of text to a relevant region of the medical image.
Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy, the technique is fast and painless and was developed at the University of California, Irvine. The Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy instrument is actively involved in research studies, but is not yet a part of routine clinical practice. The result of this study will aid similar research projects that seek to improve our understanding of how tissues work and how alterations in metabolism affect long-term health.

TheDiffuse Optical Spectroscopy measurement consists of placing a probe onto the surface of your body (calf, bicep, or head). This probe will be secured by either gentle hand pressure or fastened to your skin using clinically-approved wraps such as Coban/wrap bandages or medical adhesive tape and medical glues. Several dots will be made on your skin outlining the probe with a surgical felt tip marker. This is so we would be able to put the probe again on the same spot in case we needed to interrupt the measurement. The probe looks like a bar code scanner in a supermarket and it shines infrared light on your skin. There is no radiation involved with this light. In some cases where light signals are low, the optical detector will be placed directly onto your skin (but contained within an electronically shielded casing, and placed inside another plastic casing). (not offered during pregnancy).
Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a pulmonary vascular disease primarily characterized by progressive pulmonary vascular remodeling in a hypoxic environment, posing a significant clinical challenge. Leveraging data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and human autophagy-specific databases, osteopontin (OPN) emerged as a differentially expressed gene, upregulated in cardiovascular diseases such as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Despite this association, the precise mechanism by which OPN regulates autophagy in HPH remains unclear, prompting the focus of this study. Through biosignature analysis, we observed significant alterations in the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in PAH-associated autophagy. Subsequently, we utilized an animal model of OPNfl/fl-TAGLN-Cre mice and PASMCs with OPN shRNA to validate these findings. Our results revealed right ventricular hypertrophy and elevated mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension model mice. Notably, these effects were attenuated in conditionally deleted OPN-knockout mice or OPN-silenced hypoxic PASMCs. Furthermore, hypoxic PASMCs with OPN shRNA exhibited increased autophagy compared to those in hypoxia alone. Consistent findings from in vivo and in vitro experiments indicated that OPN inhibition during hypoxia reduced PI3K expression while increasing LC3B and Beclin1 expression. Similarly, PASMCs exposed to hypoxia and PI3K inhibitors had higher expression levels of LC3B and Beclin1 and suppressed AKT expression. Based on these findings, our study suggests that OPNfl/fl-TAGLN-Cre effectively alleviates HPH, potentially through OPN-mediated inhibition of autophagy, thereby promoting PASMCs proliferation via the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Consequently, OPN emerges as a novel therapeutic target for HPH.
FIELD: medicine, phytotherapy. SUBSTANCE: Mountain Tien Shan ferula fluffy leaf parts and peel roots were infused in hot water for 1 h at ratio raw : water = 1:20 and then boiled for 20-30 min. Extract is filtered and residue is extracted again under the same conditions. Extracts were combined. The end product is used at metabolic process disorders, mainly at mineral metabolism disorder as bath (10 g preparation/1 kg body mass). EFFECT: improved method of preparing.
The present study examined how P2X7 receptor knockout (KO) modulates central post-stroke pain (CPSP) induced by lesions of the ventrobasal complex (VBC) of the thalamus in behaviors, molecular levels, and electrical recording tests. Following the experimental procedure, the wild-type and P2X7 receptor KO mice were injected with 10 mU/0.2 μL type IV collagenase in the VBC of the thalamus to induce an animal model of stroke-like thalamic hemorrhage. Behavioral data showed that the CPSP group induced thermal and mechanical pain. The P2X7 receptor KO group showed reduced thermal and mechanical pain responses compared to the CPSP group. Molecular assessments revealed that the CPSP group had lower expression of NeuN and KCC2 and higher expression of GFAP, IBA1, and BDNF. The P2X7 KO group showed lower expression of GFAP, IBA1, and BDNF but nonsignificant differences in KCC2 expression than the CPSP group. The expression of NKCC1, GABAa receptor, and TrkB did not differ significantly between the control, CPSP, and P2X7 receptor KO groups. Muscimol, a GABAa agonist, application increased multiunit numbers for monitoring many neurons and [Cl-] outflux in the cytosol in the CPSP group, while P2X7 receptor KO reduced multiunit activity and increased [Cl-] influx compared to the CPSP group. P2X4 receptor expression was significantly decreased in the 100 kDa but not the 50 kDa site in the P2X7 receptor KO group. Altogether, the P2X7 hypothesis of CPSP was proposed, wherein P2X7 receptor KO altered the CPSP pain responses, numbers of astrocytes and microglia, CSD amplitude of the anterior cingulate cortex and the medial dorsal thalamus, BDNF expression, [Cl-] influx, and P2X4 expression in 100 kDa with P2X7 receptors. The present findings have implications for the clinical treatment of CPSP symptoms.
Strict aseptic techniques should be used to maintain sterility throughout the procedures for using this preparation.

Do not use after the expiration time and date (5 days after calibration) stated on the label. The contents of the vial are radioactive. Adequate shielding of the preparation must be maintained at all times.

Indium In-111 Oxyquinoline, like other radioactive drugs, must be handled with care and appropriate safety measures should be used to minimize radiation exposure to clinical personnel. Care should also be taken to minimize radiation exposure to the patient consistent with proper patient management. Radiopharmaceuticals should be used only by physicians who are qualified by training and experience in the safe use and handling of radionuclides and whose experience and training have been approved by the appropriate governmental agency authorized to license the use of radionuclides
The sites showing remaining pockets (PD\>4mm), in the sextants allocated to re-instrumentation group, will be treated with subgingival debridement. The subgingival debridement will be performed after the administration of local oral anaesthesia (Articaine 1:100000) using a periodontal tip on ultrasonic instrument (EMS) and Gracey's curettes.