anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) isoforms catalyze an enzymatic reaction that removes diacylglycerol (DAG) and thereby terminates protein kinase C signaling by converting DAG to phosphatidic acid. DGKδ (type II isozyme) downregulation causes insulin resistance, metabolic inflexibility, and obesity. Here we determined whether DGKδ overexpression prevents these metabolic impairments.
METHODS: We generated a transgenic mouse model overexpressing human DGKδ2 under the myosin light chain promoter (DGKδ TG). We performed deep metabolic phenotyping of DGKδ TG mice and wild-type littermates fed chow or high-fat diet (HFD). Mice were also provided free access to running wheels to examine the effects of DGKδ overexpression on exercise-induced metabolic outcomes.
RESULTS: DGKδ TG mice were leaner than wild-type littermates, with improved glucose tolerance and increased skeletal muscle glycogen content. DGKδ TG mice were protected against HFD-induced glucose intolerance and obesity. DGKδ TG mice had reduced epididymal fat and enhanced lipolysis. Strikingly, DGKδ overexpression recapitulated the beneficial effects of exercise on metabolic outcomes. DGKδ overexpression and exercise had a synergistic effect on body weight reduction. Microarray analysis of skeletal muscle revealed common gene ontology signatures of exercise and DGKδ overexpression that were related to lipid storage, extracellular matrix, and glycerophospholipids biosynthesis pathways.
CONCLUSION: Overexpression of DGKδ induces adaptive changes in both skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, resulting in protection against HFD-induced obesity. DGKδ overexpression recapitulates exercise-induced adaptations on energy homeostasis and skeletal muscle gene expression profiles.
BACKGROUND: A small proportion of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae demonstrate in vitro non-susceptibility to piperacillin/tazobactam but retain susceptibility to ceftriaxone. Uncertainty remains regarding how best to treat these isolates.
OBJECTIVES: We sought to compare clinical outcomes between patients with piperacillin/tazobactam-non-susceptible but ceftriaxone-susceptible E. coli or K. pneumoniae bloodstream infection receiving definitive therapy with ceftriaxone versus an alternative effective antibiotic.
METHODS: We retrospectively identified patients with a positive blood culture for piperacillin/tazobactam-non-susceptible but ceftriaxone-susceptible E. coli or K. pneumoniae between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2022. Patients were divided into one of two definitive treatment groups: ceftriaxone or alternative effective antibiotic. Our primary outcome was a composite of 90 day all-cause mortality, hospital readmission, or recurrence of infection. We used Cox proportional hazards models to compare time with the composite outcome between groups.
RESULTS: Sixty-two patients were included in our analysis. Overall, median age was 63 years (IQR 49.5-71.0), the most common source of infection was intra-abdominal (25/62; 40.3%) and the median total duration of therapy was 12.0 days (IQR 9.0-16.8). A total of 9/22 (40.9%) patients in the ceftriaxone treatment group and 18/40 (45.0%) patients in the alternative effective antibiotic group met the composite endpoint. In an adjusted time-to-event analysis, there was no difference in the composite endpoint between groups (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.30-1.50). The adjusted Bayesian posterior probability that the HR was less than or equal to 1 (i.e. ceftriaxone is as good or better than alternative therapy) was 85%.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that ceftriaxone can be used to effectively treat bloodstream infections with E. coli or K. pneumoniae that are non-susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam but susceptible to ceftriaxone.
The X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD), a rare genetic disease characterised by recurrent infections, is caused by mutations of NOX2. Significant proportions of X-CGD patients display signs of immune dysregulation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are CD4+T lymphocytes that expand in active inflammation and prevent autoimmune disorders. Here we asked whether X-CGD is associated to Treg dysfunctions in adult patients. To this aim, the frequency of Tregs was analysed through intracellular flow cytometry in a cohort of adult X-CGD patients, carriers and controls. We found that Tregs were significantly expanded and activated in blood of adult X-CGD patients, and this was associated with activation of conventional CD4+T cells (Tconvs). T cell activation was characterised by accumulation of intracellular ROS, not derived from NOX2 but likely produced by cellular metabolism. The higher TNF production by Tconvs in X-CGD patients might contribute to the expansion of Tregs through the TNFR2 receptor. In summary, our data indicate that Tregs expand in adult X-CGD in response to immune activation, and that the increase of NOX2-independent ROS content is a feature of activated T cells.
1,201,953. 3-Amino-rifamycins S and SV. CIBA Ltd. 24 Oct., 1967 [25 Oct., 1966], No. 48303/67. Heading C2A. Novel 3-amino-rifamycin S and 3-amino rifamycin SV derivatives of formulµ respectively, and of their hydrogenated derivatives at least partially hydrogenated in positions 16, 17, 18, 19, 28 and 29, in which R represents the residue of a carbocyclic aromatic or heterocyclic aromatic compound, any substituent of which in the ortho position to the carbon atom linked with the -NH group is different from a free primary amino group, free OH or free SH group, and salts thereof including quaternary ammonium salts, are prepared by reacting rifamycin S or rifamycin O or a hydrogenated derivative thereof, with a primary amine of formula NH 2 -R, in which R has the above meaning. If desired, the resultant compound (A) if a hydroquinone may be oxidized to a quinone (i.e. a 3-aminorifamycin S); (B) if a quinone may be reduced to a hydroquinone (i.e. a 3-amino rifamycin SV); (C) may be hydrogenated or (D) may be converted to a salt. Oxidization (A) may be by means of hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulphate or potassium ferricyanide. Reduction (B) may be by means of hydrosulphite, dithionite or ascorbic acid (preferred) or a salt thereof. Hydrogenation (C) is with catalytically activated hydrogen. R of the above general formulae may be phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, imidazolyl, pyrazinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl or triazolyl. Preferred compounds are 3-anilino rifamycins S and SV and 3-[(4- pyridyl)-amino]-rifamycin SV. Salts are formed with alkali metals and with many inorganic are organic acids (specified). The picrates may be used for purifying the bases by converting the bases into salts isolating the salts and liberating the bases therefrom. A pharmaceutical composition for oral, topical or parenteral administration to humans and animals comprises a 3-amino-rifamycin S or 3-amino-rifamycin SV of Formulµ I or II and a carrier e.g. animal fodder.
Initial SC doses of PGT121.414.LS and VRC07-523LS at birth, based on weight. Second SC doses of 100 mg of PGT121.414.LS and 100 mg VRC07-523LS at Week 12, if still breastfeeding. Dosing at Week 12 is not based on weight.
Retrospective study conducted on the records of patients who were seen at Jordan University hospital in the period January 2016 to December 2020. All primigravid women with FBS that were done in early pregnancy before completed 20 weeks of gestation were included. Exclusion criteria were known diabetics, multiple pregnancies, thyroid dysfunction, patients taking steroids or any other medications for chronic illness (s) and those with missing data. Patients were divided into 2 groups; group had a FBS 80-120 mg/dl and group 2 with FBS less than 80 mg/dl. Pregnancy outcomes were then compared between the 2 groups.

Gestational age was confirmed by early ultra-sound (US) scan before 16 weeks gestation. All FBS samples were measured at our laboratory. Investigators collected data regarding patients' age, body mass index (BMI), FBS early in pregnancy, any complication in the pregnancy or the pregnancy outcome including miscarriage (defined as pregnancy loss before completed 24 weeks gestation), preterm delivery (defined as spontaneous vaginal delivery before completed 37 weeks gestation), gestational age at delivery, polyhydramnios, congenital abnormality (minor or major), stillbirth, intra-uterine fetal death (IUFD), neonatal death and mode of delivery. For those who underwent cesarean section, the indications were also identified. Fetal outcome included birth weight; APGAR score at 1 minute and APGAR score at 5 minutes. The APGAR score was determined by the neonatologists who routinely attend deliveries at our hospital.

Investigators also identified those who were diagnosed to have GDM with any intervention (metformin or insulin and their dosages). Diagnosis of GDM was based on a standard 75 gm glucose tolerance test (GTT) at 26-28 weeks gestation. A normal FBS level is lower than 95 mg/dL, one hour lower than 180 mg/dL, two hours lower than 155 mg/dL Three hours after drinking the glucose solution, a normal blood glucose level is lower than 140 mg/dL.
AIM: Using Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the potential causal association between Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and the occurrence of parenteral malignancies, in order to provide some reference for the parenteral malignancy prevention in patients with IBD.
METHODS: This was a two-sample MR study based on independent genetic variants strongly linked to IBD selected from the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) meta-analysis carried out by the International Inflammatory Bowel Disease Genetics Consortium (IIBDGC). Parenteral malignancy cases and controls were obtained from the FinnGen consortium and the UK Biobank (UKB) release data. Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger, and strength test (F) were utilized to explore the causal association of IBD with parenteral malignancies. In addition, Cochran's Q statistic was performed to quantify the heterogeneity of Instrumental Variables (IVs).
RESULTS: The estimates of IVW showed that patients with IBD had higher odds of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (OR = 1.2450, 95% CI: 1.0311‒1.5034). UC had potential causal associations with non-melanoma skin cancer (all p < 0.05), melanoma (OR = 1.0280, 95% CI: 0.9860‒1.0718), and skin cancer (OR = 1.0004, 95% CI: 1.0001‒1.0006). Also, having CD was associated with higher odds of non-melanoma skin cancer (all p < 0.05) and skin cancer (OR = 1.0287, 95% CI: 1.0022‒1.0559). In addition, results of pleiotropy and heterogeneity tests indicated these results are relatively robust.
CONCLUSIONS: IBD has potential causal associations with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and skin cancers, which may provide some information on the prevention of parenteral malignancies in patients with IBD. Moreover, further studies are needed to explore the specific mechanisms of the effect of IBD on skin cancers.
Titrate doses of individual components before switching to metoprolol tartrate and hydrochlorothiazide tablets.

Administer metoprolol tartrate and hydrochlorothiazide tablets with or immediately following meals.

Hydrochlorothiazide is usually given at a dosage of 12.5 mg to 50 mg per day. The usual initial dosage of metoprolol is 100 mg daily in single or divided doses. Dosage may be increased gradually until optimum blood pressure control is achieved.

Once daily dosing may not maintain the full effect for the entire dosing period, particularly at lower doses. In such patients, consider administration in divided doses.

Dosing regimens that exceed 50 mg of hydrochlorothiazide per day are not recommended.
Patients received ustekinumab 90 mg at Week 0, 4 and 16. Treatments after Week 16 were dependent on clinical response. At Week 40, patients who achieved PASI 75 at both Week 28 and Week 40 were re-randomized to withdraw from therapy (placebo) or continue 90 mg every 12 week maintenance therapy.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sustained release ointment having character suitable for administration using a syringe, instantaneously solidifiable upon contacting with water after administered, and also stably compoundable with an unstable biologically active medicament such as a tetracycline-based antibiotic, to provide a method for producing the ointment, and to provide a kit for treating periodontal diseases enabling the ointment to easily be administered into periodontal pockets using a syringe.  <P>SOLUTION: The sustained release ointment of local administration type comprises a biodegradable polymer, a polyethylene glycol and a biologically active medicament. This ointment has such a property as to be instantaneously solidified upon contacting with water. The method for producing the ointment comprises the steps of heating both the biodegradable polymer and the polyethylene glycol to 70-120°C to effect liquefaction and homogeneously mixing them together. The kit for treating periodontal diseases is obtained by encapsulating the ointment into a syringe for administering it into periodontal pockets.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
The present invention relates to the biotechnology industry and the specialized food manufacturing industry. It possesses the advantages of its ability to genotype cattle based on the CSN2 gene to identify and select the bulls and cows that carry the CSN2 A2/A2 genotype, to breed them, raise dairy cattle capable of producing BCAS A2 compound milk, and free from BCAS A1. Said milk is useful in the manufacture of supplements to promote muscle regeneration in athletes. The method includes the insertion of a point mutation in the codon, where the polymorphism of bovine BCAS A1 and BCAS A2 occurs, using a modified oligonucleotide. The CSR PCR product, which results from the amplification of CSN2 A2, has a restriction site for a specific endonuclease, which does not occur with the CSR PCR product of CSN2 A1. After amplification, the CSR PCR products are digested with the specific endonuclease and the restriction fragments are analyzed on a 1% agarose gel. The genotype of the animals is defi ned based on the pattern of the bands of the fragments, which result from the restriction enzymatic digestion.
High-altitude hypoxia acclimatization requires whole-body physiological regulation in highland immigrants, but the underlying genetic mechanism has not been clarified. Here we use sheep as an animal model for low-to-high altitude translocation. We generate multi-omics data including whole-genome sequences, time-resolved bulk RNA-Seq, ATAC-Seq and single-cell RNA-Seq from multiple tissues as well as phenotypic data from 20 bio-indicators. We characterize transcriptional changes of all genes in each tissue, and examine multi-tissue temporal dynamics and transcriptional interactions among genes. Particularly, we identify critical functional genes regulating the short response to hypoxia in each tissue (e.g., PARG in the cerebellum and HMOX1 in the colon). We further identify TAD-constrained cis-regulatory elements, which suppress the transcriptional activity of most genes under hypoxia. Phenotypic and transcriptional evidence indicate that antenatal hypoxia could improve hypoxia tolerance in offspring. Furthermore, we provide time-series expression data of candidate genes associated with human mountain sickness (e.g., BMPR2) and high-altitude adaptation (e.g., HIF1A). Our study provides valuable resources and insights for future hypoxia-related studies in mammals.
AIM: This study explores the possible therapeutic role of rats and mice bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) on renal damage and toxicity brought on by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in Wistar rats.
METHODS: Following an intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 (0.5 mL/kg b.w. twice weekly) for eight weeks, male Wistar rats were intravenously treated with rats and mice BM-MSCs (1 × 106 cells in 0.2 mL Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM)/rat/week) a week for four weeks. Kidney functions were evaluated and kidney samples were examined using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson's trichrome (MT) staining techniques, and electron microscopy analysis. Kidney cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), protein 53 (p53), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by immunohistochemical staining techniques. Additionally, bioindicators of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense systems were identified in kidney tissue.
RESULTS: In CCl4-injected rats, serum creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels significantly increased, as did renal lipid peroxidation (LPO), while superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH) transferase, and GSH levels significantly dropped in the kidneys. Histologically, the kidneys displayed a wide range of structural abnormalities, such as glomerular shrinkage, tubular dilations, inflammatory leukocytic infiltration, fibroblast proliferation, and elevated collagen content. Inflammatory cytokines like COX-2 and TNF-α as well as the pro-apoptotic mediator p53 were considerably upregulated. Treatment of BM-MSCs from mice and rats with CCl4-injected rats considerably reduced the previously noted abnormalities.
CONCLUSIONS: By boosting antioxidant defense and reducing apoptosis and inflammation, BM-MSCs from mice and rats were able to enhance kidney function and histological integrity in rats that had received CCl4 injections.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Patients with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) typically experience higher levels of inflammation with more frequent relapses, and though patients with POMS usually recover from relapses better than adults, patients with POMS reach irreversible disability at a younger age than adult-onset patients. There have been few randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in patients with POMS, and most available data are based on observational studies of off-label use of DMTs approved for adults. We assessed the effectiveness of natalizumab compared with fingolimod using injectable platform therapies as a reference in pediatric patients in the global MSBase registry.
METHODS: This retrospective study included patients with POMS who initiated treatment with an injectable DMT, natalizumab, or fingolimod between January 1, 2006, and May 3, 2021. Patients were matched using inverse probability treatment weighting. The primary outcome was time to first relapse from index therapy initiation. Secondary study outcomes included annualized relapse rate; proportions of relapse-free patients at 1, 2, and 5 years; time to treatment discontinuation; and times to 24-week confirmed disability worsening and confirmed disability improvement.
RESULTS: A total of 1,218 patients with POMS were included in this analysis. Patients treated with fingolimod had a significantly lower risk of relapse than patients treated with injectable DMTs (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-0.83; p = 0.008). After adjustment for prior DMT experience in the unmatched sample, patients treated with natalizumab had a significantly lower risk of relapse than patients treated either with injectable DMTs (HR, 0.15; 95% CI 0.07-0.31; p < 0.001) or fingolimod (HR, 0.37; 95% CI 0.14-1.00; p = 0.049). The adjusted secondary study outcomes were generally consistent with the primary outcome or with previous observations. The findings in the inverse probability treatment weighting-adjusted patient populations were confirmed in multiple sensitivity analyses.
DISCUSSION: Our analyses of relapse risk suggest that natalizumab is more effective than fingolimod in the control of relapses in this population with high rates of new inflammatory activity, consistent with previous studies of natalizumab and fingolimod in adult-onset patients and POMS. In addition, both fingolimod and natalizumab were more effective than first-line injectable therapies.
CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class II evidence that patients with POMS treated with natalizumab had a lower risk of relapse than those with fingolimod.
This trial will be a randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind (within dosing group), dose escalation phase 1 trial, evaluating dosages of 1 mcg and 4 mcg of HydroVax-001 WNV vaccine given intramuscularly on Day 1 and Day 29 in up to 50 healthy adults \> /=18 and \< 50 years of age at a single site. The study will consist of two dosing groups of HydroVax-001 vaccine to be enrolled sequentially. Each dose group will consist of 20 individuals who receive HydroVax-001 and 5 who receive placebo. Controls will receive sterile 0.9 percent NaCl placebo intramuscularly at days 1 and 29. The study duration is approximately 25 months (12 month enrollment, 13 month follow up) and subject participation duration of approximately 14 months. The primary objective is to assess the safety, reactogenicity, and tolerability of the HydroVax-001 WNV vaccine administered intramuscularly in a two-dose series on Days 1 and 29 at a dose of 1 mcg or a dose of 4 mcg. The secondary objective is to assess WNV-specific plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT50) responses after a first dose and after a second dose of HydroVax-001 WNV vaccine given at doses of 1 mcg and 4 mcg. This study aims to recruit up to 50 men and women between the ages of 18 and 50. The study duration is approximately 25 months at a single site and subject participation duration is approximately 14 months.
Our participant followed an intermittent fasting schedule, specifically the 16/8 method, which involves eating only during an eight-hour window each day and fasting for the subsequent sixteen hours. This eating period began at 12:00 noon and ended at 8:00 PM. During this window, the patient consumed three meals, each with a caloric value reduced by 25% from their total daily energy expenditure. The meals were based on the Mediterranean diet, focusing on the balance and quality of macronutrients.
The objective of this study is to compare the safety and efficacy of the Vedera KXS (a microwave-based procedure) combined with corneal collagen cross-linking performed with VibeX (Riboflavin Ophthalmic Solution)and the KXL System to corneal collagen cross-linking alone in reducing corneal curvature in patients with keratoconus. Patients will be randomized into one of two treatment groups: Vedera KXS combined with corneal collagen cross-linking or collagen cross-linking alone. The Vedera KXS procedure performs a controlled application of microwave energy in an annular configuration. The goal of this procedure is to reshape the cornea to flatten the cornea and improve corneal topography in patients with keratoconus. The primary goal of collagen crosslinking is to stabilize the corneal shape in keratoconus and prevent progression of the disease. Moreover, investigations of crosslinking have shown the procedure not only to decrease keratoconus progression, but also to decrease the steepness of the cone and improve uncorrected and best corrected visual acuity in some cases. Since the mechanism of improvement differs between the procedures, this study will compare the combined microwave/crosslinking treatment to crosslinking alone.