anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 0.08% diluted lidocaine solution during and after wound dressing procedures for patients with burn injuries. Fifty burn patients aged 18-60 years, with burns ranging from 30% to 60%, were divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received dressings diluted with 0.08% lidocaine solution, while the control group received a placebo. Vital signs were continuously monitored before, during, and after the application of new dressings. Pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) checklist before and after the dressing change in both groups. The study included 25 participants in the intervention group with a mean age of 40.2 ± 6.5 and 25 participants in the control group with a mean age of 39.1 ± 6.8. The groups were comparable in terms of baseline characteristics, including gender, age, weight, height, body mass index, percentage and degree of burns, as well as average morphine intake. No significant differences were observed in vital signs or pain scores before and after dressing changes between the 2 groups. However, the intervention group reported significantly lower pain scores during the dressing change compared to the control group (P < .001). Diluted lidocaine solution during wound dressing procedures can reduce pain in burn patients. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to establish the safety and efficacy of this technique. This study suggests that lidocaine can be a useful tool in the management of pain during dressing changes for burn patients.
OR nurses (14) who agreed to participate were asked to perform a surgical hand disinfection accordingly to clinic routine. When hands were dry cultures were first obtained at 3 sites, using a moist with saline nylon flocked swab (Copan ESwab, Italia SpA). After hand disinfection; 1) in right hand palm, 2) between index finger and middle finger, 3) nail/cuticle of index finger. When surgery were completed and before disposal of gloves and gown the fourth culture were taken where the glove cuff meets the gown sleeve, under and above, the inner glove of all OR nurses.When gloves were removed cultures were taken again at three sites on the hand, approximately 2-3 hours.
Participants will be recruited from the outpatient physical therapy clinic verbally by their therapist and by an informational handout they receive from the therapist. The student researcher (who also works at this clinic) will then contact the participant to set up a time to complete the initial survey questions at the clinic in a private treatment room. During the initial visit, participants will read through and sign informed consent explaining the procedures and expectations of them during the study. The participants will then complete the following questionnaires: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Sleep Hygiene Index, Medical Outcome Survey-sleep 9, Perceived Stress Scale, Numeric Pain Rating Scale, and Patient Specific Functional Scale. The participants will randomly be assigned to one of two groups. The intervention group will receive daily automated text messages scheduled for 8:00 pm every evening. The text messages will include a variety of sleep hygiene behavioral tips for the participant to try. This will last for a total of four weeks. The control group will not receive any intervention during this time frame. Following the four weeks, student researchers will return to each participant's clinic to collect the same data that was collected at the initial visit. Each participant will have a total of 2 sessions to complete with each session taking approximately 15-30 minutes to complete.
PURPOSE: Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint sprains are common injuries that often result in prolonged swelling, stiffness, and dysfunction; however, the duration of these sequelae is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the duration of time that patients experience finger swelling, stiffness, and dysfunction following a PIP joint sprain.
METHODS: This was a prospective, longitudinal, survey-based study. To identify patients with PIP joint sprains, the electronic medical record was queried monthly using International Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision, codes for PIP joint sprain. A five-question survey was emailed monthly for 1 year or until their response indicated resolution of swelling, whichever occurred sooner. Two cohorts were established: patients with (resolution cohort) and patients without (no-resolution cohort) self-reported resolution of swelling of the involved finger within 1 year of a PIP joint sprain injury. The measured outcomes included self-reported resolution of swelling, self-reported limitations to range of motion, limitations to activities of daily living, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score, and return to normalcy.
RESULTS: Of 93 patients, 59 (63%) had complete resolution of swelling within 1 year of a PIP joint sprain. Of the patients in the resolution cohort, 42% reported return to subjective normalcy, with 47% having self-reported limitations in range of motion and 41% having limitations in activities of daily living. At the time of resolution of swelling, the average VAS pain score was 0.8 out of 10. In contrast, only 15% of patients in the no-resolution cohort reported return to subjective normalcy, with 82% having self-reported limitations in range of motion and 65% having limitations in activities of daily living. For this cohort, the average VAS pain score at 1 year was 2.6 out of 10.
CONCLUSIONS: It is common for patients to experience a prolonged duration of swelling, stiffness, and dysfunction following PIP joint sprains.
TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic IV.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the thickness of the uterine muscle layer at placenta attachment and postpartum hemorrhage, and to evaluate the predictive value of this thickness in identifying high-risk patients. It provides a theoretical basis for early identification and screening of pregnant women at high risk of postpartum hemorrhage, and reduces the occurrence of serious complications of postpartum hemorrhage.
METHOD: A total of 378 pregnant women admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Shantou City from January to December 2021 were enrolled in this study. High-risk patients were defined as those with a uterine muscle layer thickness at placenta attachment greater than 2.5 cm, as measured by transabdominal ultrasound. Postpartum blood loss and hemoglobin changes were measured before and after delivery. Stratified analysis was conducted based on various patient characteristics, and the predictive value of the thickness was determined using ROC curve analysis. By providing the specific criteria for defining high-risk patients, readers can better understand the methodology used in this study.
RESULTS: The linear regression analysis showed a significant negative correlation between the thickness of the uterine muscle layer at placenta attachment and postpartum blood loss at 2 hours (t value = -6.9848, P = 1.33E-11 < .05). There was also a significant negative correlation between the thickness and hemoglobin changes before and after delivery (t value = -2.242, P = .026 < .05). These findings indicate a robust association between uterine muscle layer thickness and both postpartum blood loss and hemoglobin changes. ROC curve analysis revealed that the thickness of the uterine muscle layer at placenta attachment had predictive value for postpartum hemorrhage. This suggests that measuring the thickness of the uterine muscle layer can serve as a reliable predictor for identifying women at risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Additionally, stratified analysis showed that the thickness had significant predictive value in certain subgroups of patients.
CONCLUSION: The findings of this study demonstrate that the thickness of the uterine muscle layer at placenta attachment is a critical indicator for predicting postpartum hemorrhage. Specifically, the study shows a robust negative correlation between uterine muscle layer thickness and postpartum blood loss, as well as significant predictive value for identifying high-risk patients for postpartum hemorrhage. These results have important practical implications for clinical practice. With early identification of high-risk groups based on uterine muscle layer thickness measurements, clinicians can implement interventions to reduce the incidence and severity of postpartum hemorrhage, which may lead to improved patient outcomes and reduced healthcare costs. Overall, this study provides a theoretical basis for the development of targeted prevention strategies and risk management protocols, which may help reduce serious complications of postpartum hemorrhage and improve maternal and neonatal health.
PURPOSE:To obtain a new peptide, having a specific amino acid sequence and actions on maintenance of choline acetyl group transferase activity of cholinergic neutron and the amount of catecholamine at high levels under culture conditions, and useful for treating, etc., diseases in cerebral nervous function. CONSTITUTION:A hole of 2mm square is bored in the procephalic cortex of a rat on the 3rd day after its birth and Gelfoam(R) is embedded in the hole. After 1 week, the Gelfoam(R), together with tissues in the peripheral part, is taken out, directly frozen with dry ice and preserved at -80 deg.C. A culture medium in an amount of 10 times that of the Gelfoam(R) is cooled with ice and added to carry out homogenization. Ultracentrifuging treatment is subsequently carried out at 4 deg.C for 60min. The supernatant is collected and fractionated with ammonium sulfate of 30-60% saturation, and dissolved the resultant precipitates in a buffer solution. Gelfiltration of the prepared solution is performed to treat the active fraction with an ion exchange resin to collect an unadsorbed fraction and provide a protein capable of exhibiting neutrophic factor-like activity. The resultant protein is then hydrolyzed with trypsin and purified by high-performance liquid chromatography to afford the objective peptide having an amino acid sequence expressed by the formula.
FIELD: medical engineering; medicine. SUBSTANCE: complex is produced by treating technical carbon with concentrated sulfuric acid in nitric acid presence with selenium dissolved therein under sinusoid high frequency electromagnetic field (20-30 MHz) with power flow density of 5•10 -3  W/cm 2 . The means is produced as liquid or ointment containing additional filler. Method involves administering the hydrosulfate carbon-selenium complex at a dose of 0.1-0.2 ml. When treating skin melanoma cases distinguished by radial propagation of tumor growth, ointment form is of preference. When treating nodular melanoma cases distinguished by radial or vertical propagation of tumor growth, ointment form is also of use. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment spread over all skin structures. 7 cl
This study will treat amblyopia (lazy eye) using 3-D computer technology and active shutter glasses. Computer games and DVD's are viewed through the active shutter glasses and are specially prepared to preferentially stimulate the lazy eye; the child can only play the games accurately if they are using their lazy eye. The study is funded by the NIHR and will be undertaken as a randomised control trial to compare this against normal computer games and DVD viewing combined with continuing refractive adaptation (a process that is known to occur for up to 30 weeks). Patients will receive 6 weeks of treatment (recommended 30 mins minimum of play time per day for 6 weeks in the treatment arm) and level of vision will be assessed after 6 weeks and the visual improvement (they will be wearing glasses and also undergoing refractive adaptation) compared with the control. Patients will return to standard care after the trial period which, at 6 weeks, should not affect the final visual outcome in a negative way. The participants will be recruited from patients currently attending one of the 4 trial sites and will have a diagnosis of amblyopia, and be aged between 3 years 6 months and 9 years 11 months. Current treatments for amblyopia include wearing an eye patch over the good eye for up to 6 hours per day, or using eye drops to blur the image in the good eye for periods of 4 weeks at a time. The aim is both to avoid the need for patching or penalisation (which are unpopular treatments) and to get an improved visual outcome.

Assessment study: A study on 62 patients where the investigators will compare the visual acuity, angle of strabismus, stereoacuity and depth of suppression as estimated by I-BiT against measurements made at orthoptic assessment. This data will help interpret the results of the randomised controlled trial and help direct future development.
The present disclosure involves a method of determining stimulation lead placements for a healthcare professional with respect to an implant of a neurostimulator device in a target patient. A human body model is provided. A pain map is generated over the human body model in response to user input. The pain map visually represents body regions of the target patient that are experiencing pain. A dermatome map is provided. The dermatome map includes a visual correlation between regions of a human body and segments of a spinal cord. The pain map is compared with the dermatome map. Recommendations regarding the implant of the neurostimulator device are displayed in response to the comparing.
BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia and frailty often worsen in older adults because of declines in activities of daily living and social connections that are associated with chronic diseases and traumatic injuries such as falls and fractures. Exercise intervention for sarcopenia can take >3 months to improve muscle mass, muscle strength, and walking speed. Thus, a specialized intervention system for shorter periods of time is needed. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the short-term efficacy of an exercise program using the wearable cyborg Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL) lumbar type in physical function in mobility-limited older adults who do not require transition to long-term care.
METHODS: This randomized, single-blind, parallel-group study involved 79 community-dwelling older adults with physical frailty or locomotive syndrome assigned to an intervention group (n = 40) with the HAL lumbar type exercise program or a control group (n = 39) without the exercise program. The intervention group underwent trunk training (including trunk and hip flexion, standing and sitting from a single sitting position, and squats) and gait training (treadmill and parallel bars) twice a week for 5 weeks while wearing the HAL lumbar type. The 10-m usual and maximum walking speeds, Timed Up and Go test results, 5-times chair-standing test results, 5-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-5) scores, body-fat percentage, and muscle mass were measured before and after the intervention and analyzed using the intention-to-treat method.
RESULTS: The intervention (23 % male; mean age, 74.7 ± 4.7 years) and control (21 % male; mean age, 75.1 ± 4.1 years) groups did not differ significantly in baseline characteristics. Seventy-seven participants completed the program; two withdrew for personal reasons. The mean difference (standard error) between the groups for the primary outcome (usual walking speed) was 0.35 (0.04) m/s; the time-by-group interaction was significant (p < 0.001). Secondary outcomes (maximum walking speed, Timed Up and Go test results, 5-times chair-standing test results, and GLFS-5 scores) significantly improved in the intervention group. Body composition was unchanged in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS: A 5-week exercise program using the HAL lumbar type is a promising option for community-dwelling older adults with limited mobility who do not require nursing care, resulting in clinically meaningful improvements in most physical functions within a short period.
The chronic administration of acarbose has been shown to improve insulin resistance and reverse impaired glucose tolerance. Both these conditions, especially insulin resistance, are physiologically associated with the development and progression of NAFLD. Therefore, we hypothesized that the chronic administration of acarbose attenuates NAFLD by improving glucose handling. This would be reflected in a reduction of intrahepatic fat accumulation. Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy is a sensitive and non-invasive method to measure changes in intrahepatic fat content. The primary endpoint of this study would be to demonstrate a reduction of intrahepatic fat as measured with Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy after 12 weeks administration of oral acarbose. Other relevant secondary outcomes that have been previously demonstrated to be associated with improvement of NAFLD included improvement of insulin resistance, normalizing of serum adiponectin, and a lowering of serum Leptin.

A second intent of the study is to test the hypothesis of whether the chronic administration of acarbose in patients with NAFLD will influence postprandial substrate metabolism reflected in the RQ measured by indirect calorimetry. The consequence of insulin resistance is a relative inhibition of fatty oxidation. However, the chronic administration of acarbose improves insulin resistance and dampens the post-prandial surge in serum glucose and insulin. These changes in glucose handling could possibly result in a shift towards a pattern of preferential lipid oxidation. We anticipate either a lowering or blunting of the postprandial RQ after chronic administration of acarbose for 3 months.
The mechanisms underlying relationships between ambient air pollution and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk remained largely uncertain. In this study, we aim to evaluate whether metabolic signature comprising multiple circulating metabolites can characterize metabolic response to the multiple air pollution; and to assess whether the identified metabolic signature contribute to COPD risk. A total of 227,962 participants with complete data were included from the UK biobank study. Concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) were evaluated by land-use regression models. We newly computed an air pollution score to reflect joint exposure to multiple air pollutants. Circulating metabolome was quantified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. During a median of 12.78 years of follow-up, a total of 8685 incident COPD cases were documented. After multiple correction, the Cox regression models showed that 102 of 143 metabolites were significantly associated with COPD risk. Utilizing elastic net regularized regressions, we identified a metabolic signature comprising 106 metabolites (including lipid, fatty acids, glycolysis and amino acids et al.) were robustly related to air pollution score. In the multivariate-adjusted Cox regression models, the derived metabolic signature showed a positive correlation with incident COPD [HR per SD = 1.20 (95% CI: 1.17-1.22)]. Casual mediation analysis further noted that the constructed metabolic signature mediated 10.5 % (8.3%-13.1%) of the air pollution-COPD associations. Taken together, our findings identified a metabolic signature that captured metabolic response to various air pollutants exposure jointly, and predicted future COPD risk independent of known risk factors.
It has been established that inhibition of macropinocytosis in cancer cells enhances the anti-cancer efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Methods for treating cancer in a subject in need thereof include administering to a subject with cancer an effective amount of one or more macropinocytosis inhibitors in combination with PDT. Pharmaceutical compositions including a combination of a macropinocytosis inhibitor and a photosensitizer are also provided. The methods are particularly effective for treating PDT-resistant cancers. An exemplary macropinocytosis inhibitor is 5- (N-Ethyl-N-isopropyl) amiloride (EIPA). An exemplary photosensitizer is chlorin 6 (Ce6).
Control group (n=12) will receive no supplement. Control group participants will do all the assessments that the intervention participants are performing, except for the standardized exercise routine focused on the eccentric movements. Randomization will be performed via www.randomizer.org website.
Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) refers to pain that occurs or increases after surgery and lasts longer than 3 months. Pain can be limited to the surgical area or projected to the innervated area. The incidence of CPSP is about 10-50%, and the incidence of moderate to severe CPSP is as high as 11.8%. The risk factors of CPSP include severe postoperative acute pain, long duration surgery, and related nerve injury. Spine surgery brings severe lesion and postoperative pain due to large trauma and long duration, with a median pain score of 7 (interquaritle range, 4 to 8) on the first day after surgery. And the incidence of persistent pain is as high as 75%.

Ketamine is a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists. NMDA receptors are located in the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous system, responsible for the afferent of noxious stimuli. After nerve injury, the continuous activity and transmission of nociceptive signals up-regulates NMDA receptors in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, amplify the pain signal to the brain, which may be related to the pathogenesis of CPSP. Ketamine has anti-hyperalgesia effects and may reduce the occurrence of CPSP by blocking NMDA receptors. Esketamine is the S-enantiomer of racemic ketamine with stronger analgesic effect and lower incidence of adverse reactions. In previous studies, opioid-dependent patients who received low-dose ketamine/esketamine infusion during the perioperative period had decreased pain scores and opioid requirement at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year after surgery. However, results of patients without opioid dependence are controversial. In addition, ketamine/esketamine are approved for refractory depression. There is a significant correlation between anxiety/depression and chronic pain. This may also be one of the mechanisms in preventing CPSP.

Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2 receptor agonist with sedative, anxiolytic, and analgesic effects. It can improve analgesic effect, reduce opioid consumption, and reduce opioid-related adverse reactions when used in the perioperative period. Meanwhile, dexmedetomidine can prolong total sleep time, improve sleep efficiency, and increase subjective sleep quality, possibly by activating the endogenous sleep pathway. The sedative effect of dexmedetomidine may help to reduce the psychiatric adverse reactions of ketamine. However, data is lacking regarding the effect of dexmedetomidine on chronic postsurgical pain.

In a previous trial of the investigators, 200 patients following scoliosis correction surgery were randomzied to receive opioid analgsia supplemented with either mini-dose esketamine-dexmedetomidine combination or placebo. The results showed that esketamine-dexmedetomidine supplement analgesia significantly reduced the incidence of moderate and severe pain and improved the quality of sleep during the perioperative period; adverse reactions were not significantly increased (unpublished data). This study is designed to test the hypothesis that mini-dose esketamine-dexmedetomidine supplemented analgesia may reduce CPSP at 2 years after scoliosis correction surgery.