anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Cutaneous Malignancies

The risk of cutaneous malignancies (including basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and melanoma) is increased in patients treated with S1P receptor modulators. Use of fingolimod has been associated with an increased risk of BCC and melanoma.

In two-year placebo-controlled trials in adult patients, the incidence of BCC was 2% in patients on fingolimod 0.5 mg and 1% in patients on placebo [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. Melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, Kaposi’s sarcoma [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)], and Merkel cell carcinoma have been reported with fingolimod in the postmarketing setting.

Skin examinations are recommended prior to or shortly after the start of treatment and periodically thereafter for all patients, particularly those with risk factors for skin cancer. Providers and patients are advised to monitor for suspicious skin lesions. If a suspicious skin lesion is observed, it should be promptly evaluated. As usual for patients with increased risk for skin cancer, exposure to sunlight and ultraviolet light should be limited by wearing protective clothing and using a sunscreen with a high protection factor. Concomitant phototherapy with UV-B radiation or PUVA photochemotherapy is not recommended in patients taking fingolimod.

Lymphoma

Cases of lymphoma, including both T-cell and B-cell types and CNS lymphoma, have occurred in patients receiving fingolimod capsules. The reporting rate of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with fingolimod capsules is greater than that expected in the general population adjusted by age, gender, and region. Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (including mycosis fungoides) has also been reported with fingolimod capsules in the postmarketing setting.
This is a single center, open labeled (all people know the identity of intervention), randomized (study drug assigned by chance), parallel group (a medical research study comparing the response in two or more groups of participants receiving different interventions (treatments) trial to compare the effectiveness (pain relief) and safety of tramadol 37.5 mg and acetaminophen 325 mg with diclofenac in participants with ankylosing spondylitis receiving stable treatment of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Participants who meet the eligibility criteria will be randomized to one of the two treatment groups (tramadol/acetaminophen and Diclofenac). One group will be treated with tramadol 37.5 mg/acetaminophen 325 mg combination tablet and another group will be treated with diclofenac 50 mg tablet. Participants randomized into this study will be instructed to take one tablet Ultracet or diclofenac 50 mg orally, twice a day for 8 weeks. Evaluations will be performed as outlined: at Screening, at Baseline, and at Weeks 2, 4, and 8. The primary efficacy parameter is to compare the mean change from Baseline in visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score between the two treatment groups (tramadol/acetaminophen versus diclofenac). Participants' safety will be monitored throughout the study.
PlaceboA capsules (60 capsules), within 3 days, another 20 placeboA capsules(0.75g stool/capsule) at week 2. Additionally, they will take synbiotics (Lactobacillus Helveticas+ Bifidobacterial longum + inulin) (3g/day) for 45 days from the begining.
There has been one prospective study that found some benefit of using tuned waveforms over 50/50% tilt waveforms.11 Other studies have failed to show much change in defibrillation efficacy with different duration biphasic waveforms. A vast majority of patients in these studies were tested with dual coil leads. Although dual coil leads can lower defibrillation thresholds, it is known that dual coil leads can make the lead extraction difficult, lead to venous obstruction and are more prone to failure. Results from a recent study showed that that a single coil configuration is adequate in a vast majority of patients when DFT testing was performed with tuned waveforms. This makes the use of single-coil leads during ICD/ CRT-D implants an attractive option.

Theoretical analysis has shown that difference between the tuned and 50% tilt waveforms is amplified at high impedance levels with tuned waveforms being superior (unpublished). Accordingly, this study has been designed to prospectively compare the DFT estimates with tuned and 50% tilt waveforms in left-sided, active pectoral defibrillation lead systems when the SVC coil has been turned OFF or is not part of the shocking circuit.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine if initial MRI findings could predict a pathological complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST) in HER2-positive breast cancers.
METHODS: The study retrospectively included 111 patients (Center 1, training set) and 71 patients (Center 2, validation set) with HER2-positive cancer who underwent NST. Initial clinicopathological data and MRI findings were recorded. Continuous variables were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and Student's t-tests, while categorical variables were analyzed using the χ2 or Fisher's exact test. Univariate analysis was conducted to determine the associations between these variables and pathological complete response (pCR), defined as the absence of invasive malignant cells in the breast and lymph nodes. Interobserver reproducibility was assessed for associated non-mass enhancement (NME) parameter by analyzing 50 MR studies (intraclass correlation coefficient).
RESULTS: pCR was achieved in 67 patients, 51 (46 %) from Center 1 and 16 (23%) from Center 2 (p = 0.003), with significant differences between Centers 1 and 2 in tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte levels and lymphovascular invasion (p < 0.001). The initial presence of suspicious associated NME was the only significant parameter predictive of pCR (p < 0.001 for Center 1 and 0.04 for Center 2). The inter-observer reproducibility for this MRI feature was good, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.872 (95 % CI: 0.73-1.00).
CONCLUSION: The presence of suspicious associated NME in HER2-positive cancers on the initial MRI study was predictive of achieving pCR after NST. This significant preliminary finding warrants confirmation through prospective multicenter studies.
BACKGROUND: Chronic low back ache (CLBA) is a common condition that is conventionally managed with physical therapy and analgesics. Recently, virtual reality-based interventions have been tried out in the management of CLBA. Their effectiveness, however has not been established. This meta-analysis aims to find out if the application of VR will lead to better pain relief, as compared to conventional techniques in adults with CLBA.
METHODS: The literature search was carried out in three online databases for potential randomized controlled trials that compared VR-based interventions with conventional treatment in CLBA. Data on outcome parameters were recorded. Meta-analysis was carried out with the help of appropriate software.
RESULTS: Seven studies having data on 507 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. Their mean ages were 48.4 years. There were 252 subjects in the VR group and 255 in the control group. VR-based interventions were found to have a statistically significant improvement in the pain intensity compared with conventional techniques (p - 0.005).
CONCLUSION: VR-based interventions are effective in the management of CLBA in the short term. Further research with longer follow-up is required to evaluate if these improvements are persistent in the long term.
The study is a double-blind placebo-controlled prospective randomized, of efficiency and safety of Vaccine to prevent a rotavirus infection pentavalent live with the participation of healthy children" is carried out in the Russian Federation according to the Protocol of clinical trial No. RTB 003/18, requirements of the national legal system and the international rules of conduct of clinical trials (ICH GCP). The study was randomized of 100 children corresponding to inclusion criteria and not having criteria of non-inclusion, which in the ratio 1:1 were randomized in one of two groups. Children from Group 1 received a vaccine to prevent a rotavirus infection pentavalent live, is triple orally with interval not less than four weeks of 2.5 ml (1 dose). Children from Group 2 received a placebo not less than four weeks of 2.5 ml (1 dose) are triple orally with an interval. Three children (2 persons from Groups 1 and 1 person of Group 2) who were ahead of schedule finished participation in the research were immunized once.
Objectives: Primary: To evaluate the effect of the implementation of the I-PASS® transfer program on the reduction in the frequency of medical attention errors in intensive pediatric therapies in the public hospitals setting. Secondary: 1) Measure the effect of the intervention in increasing the frequency of use of key elements of high quality verbal and written communication during the transfer of patients by health professionals. 2) To explore the effect of the intervention on the culture of patient safety among health professionals who assist pediatric patients in areas of clinical hospitalization. Material and Methods: Design: Staged clinical trial (Stepped Wedge) Duration: 9 months (progressive enrollment of 2 participating units every 2 months). Scope: Pediatric Intensive Care Units Subjects: health professionals involved in transfers in each institution. Intervention: Implementation of a multi-faceted evidence-based transfer package (I-PASS®) that has already been adapted for use in Argentina. The program includes multiple components, including educational training, implementation of a mnemonic verbal and written delivery rule I-PASS®, live observations of transfers to drive continuous improvement of the quality of intervention, through the feedback and a campaign of visual reinforcement materials to ensure sustainability. Events of interest: acceptance of the intervention. Frequency of preventable damages associated with medical care measured with GAPPS® as screening tools. Safety culture survey. Length of the transfer before and after the intervention.
Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is an aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and shows extremely poor survival. Several retrospective studies and randomized prospective phase 2 studies have shown that Peg-aspargase based chemotherapy regimens achieved a promising efficacy in the first line treatment of ENKTL. However, about one third of patients will relapse or become refractory after Peg-aspargase-based chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy, and some patients cannot tolerate the toxicities caused by chemotherapy. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies and Chidamide are active drugs for the treatment of relapsed/refractory ENKTL. However, there is no prospective study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1 antibody combine with Peg-asparaginase and Chidamide in the newly diagnosed early stage ENKTL. This prospective pilot study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the anti-PD-1 antibody combine with Peg-asparaginase and Chidamide regimen for stage IE and IIE ENKTL.
PURPOSE: A moisturizing cosmetic composition containing a mixed extract of a rye containing β-glucan and Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. is provided which has superb feeling of application without getting glossy. CONSTITUTION: The cosmetic composition contains 0.01 to 20.0% by weight of a herb mixture containing an Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. extract and a rye extract in a ratio of 6:4. The Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. extract is extracted with an organic solvent in a ratio of Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. extract:ethanol:1,3-butylene glycol=1:20:15 to 1:30:20. The rye extract is obtained by extracting a rye in water, treating with an acid and base, removing protein and dissolving the obtained β-glucan in water in a ratio of 1:1.
BACKGROUND: Like other low-and middle-income countries, India is undergoing a demographic and epidemiologic shift that has led to a significant rise in the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Evidence suggests that chronic illnesses and disability are linked but limited studies have explored the association between disability and multimorbidity (simultaneous presence of two or more chronic conditions). Since the magnitude of multimorbidity is becoming a norm, it is prudent to understand the association between these two. We aimed to estimate the association between disability and multimorbidity and assess their healthcare utilization among older adults in India using a nationally representative data.
METHODS: We employed data from the second round of World Health Organization's Study on Global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) conducted in 2015. SAGE is a nation-wide survey conducted among a representative sample of older adults aged ≥50 years, a total of 7,118 participants aged ≥50 years were included in the analysis. The main outcome of interest was disability for which we used WHODAS 2.0 scoring scale which ranges from 0 to 100. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and proportion were used to report the characteristics of study population, and prevalence. We performed the univariable followed by multiple ordinal logistic regression to assess the association between disability and multimorbidity, reported as adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value. Healthcare utilization was presented as frequency and proportion.
RESULTS: The overall prevalence of disability was found to be 89.0% (95% CI: 88.3-89.8) while that of multimorbidity was 39.7% (95% CI: 35.6-37.8). Most of the participants had moderate followed by mild disability. Hypertension (32.7%) was found to be the most prevalent chronic condition followed by cataract (21.3%). The chances of having disability among multimorbid individuals was AOR: 1.40 (95% CI: 1.13-1.75). Participants having disability and multimorbidity mostly visited private sector followed by public healthcare facilities.
CONCLUSION: We observed that nine out of every 10 individuals had some kind of disability in India. We observed multimorbidity to be associated with disability that signifies the need for including disabilities as a part of NCD program as these factors could be bi-directional. Longitudinal studies for disability will be helpful to better understand and address the growing needs of these individuals.
Phenylbutyrate is an aromatic fatty acid that is converted to phenylacetate in vivo by mitochondrial beta-oxidation to phenylacetate. Preclinical studies have shown that continuous exposure to phenylacetate or phenylbutyrate can induce tumor cytostasis and differentiation in a wide variety of cell lines including malignant gliomas and neuroblastomas. However, phenylbutyrate has been shown to be a more potent differentiating agent than phenylacetate in a variety of tumor cell lines. In addition, phenylbutyrate appears to have molecular activities that are distinct from phenylacetate. The objective of this trial is to determine the maximum tolerated dose and the toxicities of phenylbutyrate administered as a continuous intravenous infusion for 28 days. In addition, the pharmacokinetics of phenylbutyrate and its metabolite, phenylacetate, will be studied using both model-dependent and model-independent parameters.
Obesity is an established risk factor for numerous malignancies, although it remains uncertain whether the disease itself or weight-loss drugs are responsible for a greater predisposition to cancer. The objective of the current study was to determine the impact of dulaglutide on genetic and epigenetic DNA damage caused by obesity, which is a crucial factor in the development of cancer. Mice were administered a low-fat or high-fat diet for 12 weeks, followed by a 5-week treatment with dulaglutide. Following that, modifications of the DNA bases were examined using the comet assay. To clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms, oxidized and methylated DNA bases, changes in the redox status, levels of inflammatory cytokines, and the expression levels of some DNA repair genes were evaluated. Animals fed a high-fat diet exhibited increased body weights, elevated DNA damage, oxidation of DNA bases, and DNA hypermethylation. In addition, obese mice showed altered inflammatory responses, redox imbalances, and repair gene expressions. The findings demonstrated that dulaglutide does not exhibit genotoxicity in the investigated conditions. Following dulaglutide administration, animals fed a high-fat diet demonstrated low DNA damage, less oxidation and methylation of DNA bases, restored redox balance, and improved inflammatory responses. In addition, dulaglutide treatment restored the upregulated DNMT1, Ogg1, and p53 gene expression. Overall, dulaglutide effectively maintains DNA integrity in obese animals. It reduces oxidative DNA damage and hypermethylation by restoring redox balance, modulating inflammatory responses, and recovering altered gene expressions. These findings demonstrate dulaglutide's expediency in treating obesity and its associated complications.
A predetermined recording of a music playlist meeting the properties of sedative music is being developed in consultation with a Boston Children's Hospital (BCH) music therapist. Properties of sedative music include soothing, stable, constant, and relatively unchanging, slow tempo and light rhythmic emphasis, constant volume and rhythm, lullaby style, repetitious and no separate melody for chorus/bridge. The music recorded for the neonates has been produced specifically for this study. In accordance with the recommendations for soothing music, BCH Music Therapists have recorded English nursery rhymes (Figure 1) in the key of C major at 60bpm with acoustic guitar and voice. The playlist will be stored on an Apple iPod Touch and will be delivered through a Bluetooth speaker that is positioned centrally (so that the sound input is received binaurally) at the subjects head or feet for a period of 20 minutes once during a 12-hour shift for 14 days or until mechanical ventilation has been discontinued, whichever is first.

The literature supports a duration of up to 30 minutes of music therapy followed by at least 30 minutes of silence, with a maximum of four hours per day. Music played for longer than 30 minutes has the potential to be a source of over-stimulation/agitation. There is some evidence to suggest that playing music for long periods of time (two four-hour segments) has a negative effect. In addition, it seems reasonable and likely to assume that the neonate could have a period of 30 minutes when they will not require an intervention associated with post-operative care. The protocol will target a 20 minute playlist. This will allow for variation in the length of songs while ensuring that music will not be played for longer than 30 minutes. There will be at least 30 minutes of quiet between music therapy session.
INTRODUCTION: Lichen planopilaris (LPP) is one of the most common causes of scarring hair loss caused by immune-mediated inflammation resulting in atrophy and scaling. The key to preventing this irreversible hair loss is diagnosing and starting treatment at the earliest possible stage. As there is no definite cure for LPP, the therapy could be challenging. In the study, we conducted a single-blinded randomized clinical trial to evaluate the therapeutic effects, safety, and tolerability of platelet-rich plasma versus topical clobetasol in the treatment of LPP.
METHOD: A randomized single-blinded controlled clinical trial was conducted in 24 LPP patients referring to our dermatology clinic between August 2022 and March 2023. Patients in the control group were treated with topical clobetasol 0.05% applied at night, and patients in the case group, in addition to topical clobetasol, received three sessions of PRP injection monthly. Both groups were assessed 1, 2, and 6 months after the start of the study by the Lichen Planopilaris Activity Index (LPPAI), physician and patient satisfaction, tolerability, and recording adverse effects.
RESULTS: The average age in the clobetasol and PRP groups was 43.75 ± 13.51 and 42.75 ± 9.67, respectively (p = 0.83). In terms of gender, all 12 cases (100%) in the clobetasol group and 9 cases (75%) in the PRP group were female (p = 0.21). Both PRP and topical clobetasol effectively reduced LPPAI in the first 2 months; however, after 6 months, the LPPAI significantly increased in the clobetasol group (p = 0.001). There were no significant differences in LPPAI between the two groups at the beginning of the study and after 1 month. However, the mean LPPAI score in the clobetasol group was significantly higher than in the PRP group at 2 and 6 months after the start of the study (p = 0.01). Patient satisfaction with treatment increased in both groups during follow-up sessions, but at the end of the follow-up period, it was significantly higher in the PRP group (p = 0.03). Finally, the study did not have any serious adverse effects, and the pain experienced during PRP injection was tolerable for the patients. Overall, treatment tolerability was excellent in both groups.
CONCLUSION: Given the different efficacy profiles, PRP could be considered a new and effective choice for the treatment of LPP.
Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and sleep disorders are prevalent among patients with long COVID. The intersection of PTSD and/or sleep disorders with long COVID is complex. Thus, use of a biopsychosocial lens for assessment and treatment along with a trauma-informed approach to clinical care is recommended. This review provides an overview of the literature on PTSD and sleep disorders among patients with long COVID, including prevalence rates, risk factors, and potential pathophysiology. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options are reviewed. Also, we provide actionable steps clinicians can integrate into their practice to help effectively assess and treat PTSD and sleep disorders, including validated symptom assessments, recommended referrals, and specific components of non-pharmacological interventions.
Disclosed in the present invention is the application of CaMK4 as a target in the preparation of medicine for preventing and treating psoriasis, and the application of CaMK4 inhibitors in the preparation of medicine for preventing and treating psoriasis. The present invention detected the expression of CaMK4 in psoriasis patient skin lesions and mouse psoriatic skin lesions induced by imiquimod (IMQ). As a result, it is found that CaMK4 has a positive correlation with the development of psoriasis. CaMK4 is expressed not only in immune cells but also in keratinocytes. In addition, when IL-10 and CaMK4 inhibitors are administered to mice in vivo, IMQ-induced mouse psoriasis-like inflammation can be alleviated. This means that CaMK4 can be used as a novel target in the preparation of medicine for the prevention and treatment of psoriasis.
Participants (\> 1 month and \< 3 months of age) will receive JNJ-53718678 oral solution or placebo \[either in a qd or a bid regimen\] on Day 1 to Day 7. The cohort 3d is optional and may be included at the discretion of the sponsor.