anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Thoracic meningocele is a rare medical condition that is usually linked to neurofibromatosis type I.1 Respiratory and neurologic symptoms characterize it.2 Although there have been some improvements in surgical techniques, the condition has a high recurrence rate, with most cases recurring within a year of surgery.3 A 56-year-old woman was observed due to respiratory and pyramidal signs. A chest computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a thoracic meningocele, occupying the lower sectors of the right hemithorax, communicating with the cerebrospinal fluid space at the T10-T11 level. Multidisciplinary surgery was performed. After selectively intubating both bronchi, the patient was placed in prone position and a posterior median thoracic spine approach was performed. After T10-T11 laminectomy, 3 dural longitudinal incisions were performed. The first incision was placed in the middle to deflate the collection, the second was made on the right side to obtain a complete view of the meningocele, and the third was made on the right lateral side to exclude the meningocele. The lateral dura at the last incision was sutured to the dura propria lining the vertebral body of T11 and T10. The paramedian and median incisions were closed, with Tachosil placed above and below the sutures. Subsequently, the patient was placed in a supine position, the right lung was deflated, and a triportal thoracoscopic approach was performed to dissect and remove the lesion.4 The breach was closed using Tachosil (Baxter Healthcare Corp, Deerfield, Illinois, USA) and fibrin glue. An early 1-month computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the surgery was successful.
Embodiments of the invention provide swallowable devices, preparations and methods for delivering drugs and other therapeutic agents within the GI tract. Some embodiments provide a swallowable device such as a capsule for delivering drugs into the intestinal wall or other GI lumen. The device comprises a capsule sized to be swallowed and pass through the intestinal tract. The capsule can include at least one guide tube, one or more tissue penetrating members positioned in the guide tube, a delivery member, an actuating mechanism and a release element. The release element degrades upon exposure to various conditions in the intestine so as to release and actuate the actuating mechanism. Embodiments of the invention are particularly useful for the delivery of drugs which are poorly absorbed, tolerated and/or degraded within the GI tract.
PCT No. PCT/FI93/00119 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 31, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 31, 1994 PCT Filed Mar. 25, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO93/19746 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 14, 1993Transdermal preparations containing as active ingredient toremifene or one of its metabolites N-demethyltoremifene or 4-hydroxy-toremifene or their pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic salts are useful for the treatment of cancers localized in the skin or on a short distance form the skin such as metastatic lesions of breast cancer. They may also be used in adjuvant therapy of breast cancer and in the reversal of multidrug resistance of cancer cells to cytotoxic drugs. Such transdernal preparations are of particular interest in the treatment of melanoma, lymphoma, Kaposi's sarcoma and fungoides mycosis.
The synthetic peptide TAT-I24 (GRKKRRQRRRPPQCLAFYACFC) exerts antiviral activity against several double-stranded (ds) DNA viruses, including herpes simplex viruses, cytomegalovirus, some adenoviruses, vaccinia virus and SV40 polyomavirus. In the present study, in vitro profiling of this peptide was performed with the aim of characterizing and improving its properties for further development. As TAT-I24 contains three free cysteine residues, a potential disadvantageous feature, peptide variants with replacements or deletions of specific residues were generated and tested in various cell systems and by biochemical analyses. Some cysteine replacements had no impact on the antiviral activity, such as the deletion of cysteine 14, which also showed improved biochemical properties, while the cyclization of cysteines 14 and 20 had the most detrimental effect on antiviral activity. At concentrations below 20 µM, TAT-I24 and selected variants did not induce hemolysis in red blood cells (RBCs) nor modulated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced release of cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). These data indicate that TAT-I24 or its peptide variants are not expected to cause unwanted effects on blood cells.
Patients will be enrolled from five study centers, each center will be free with regard to surgical indications and postoperative prescription. The unstable fractures were A2 and A3 (31 A2.2 and 3, and 31 A3.3) according to the AO classification. The investigators will use a prospective randomized approach to determine the treatment procedure for patients. The patients undergoing arthroplasty will be regarded as the experimental group and the patients who accept the intramedullary nail fixation will be regarded as the positive control group. All patients will receive consistent anticoagulant, analgesic and other therapeutic measures in the perioperative period except for the different surgical methods. The two groups will be compared in age, sex, pre-fracture place of residence, fracture type and preoperative comorbidity. The investigators will evaluate the effect and safety of the two types of operations by comparing the surgical related data, complication incidence and functional rehabilitation.
Rifampin is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Peak serum concentrations in healthy adults and pediatric populations vary widely from individual to individual. Following a single 600 mg oral dose of rifampin in healthy adults, the peak serum concentration averages 7 mcg/mL but may vary from 4 to 32 mcg/mL. Absorption of rifampin is reduced by about 30% when the drug is ingested with food.

Rifampin is widely distributed throughout the body. It is present in effective concentrations in many organs and body fluids, including cerebrospinal fluid. Rifampin is about 80% protein bound. Most of the unbound fraction is not ionized and, therefore, diffuses freely into tissues.

In healthy adults, the mean biological half-life of rifampin in serum averages 3.35 ± 0.66 hours after a 600 mg oral dose, with increases up to 5.08 ± 2.45 hours reported after a 900 mg dose. With repeated administration, the half-life decreases and reaches average values of approximately 2 to 3 hours. The half-life does not differ in patients with renal failure at doses not exceeding 600 mg daily, and, consequently, no dosage adjustment is required. The half-life of rifampin at a dose of 720 mg daily has not been established in patients with renal failure. Following a single 900 mg oral dose of rifampin in patients with varying degrees of renal insufficiency, the mean half-life increased from 3.6 hours in healthy adults to 5.0, 7.3, and 11.0 hours in patients with glomerular filtration rates of 30 to 50 mL/min, less than 30 mL/min, and in anuric patients, respectively. Refer to the WARNINGS section for information regarding patients with hepatic insufficiency.

After absorption, rifampin is rapidly eliminated in the bile, and an enterohepatic circulation ensues. During this process, rifampin undergoes progressive deacetylation so that nearly all the drug in the bile is in this form in about 6 hours. This metabolite has antibacterial activity. Intestinal reabsorption is reduced by deacetylation, and elimination is facilitated. Up to 30% of a dose is excreted in the urine, with about half of this being unchanged drug.
BACKGROUND: Massive hemoptysis (MH) is a serious condition that carries with it a high rate of morbidity and mortality.
OBJECTIVE: This review highlights the pearls and pitfalls of massive hemoptysis, including presentation, diagnosis, and management in the emergency department (ED) based on current evidence.
DISCUSSION: MH is a rare but deadly condition. It is defined clinically as any bleeding from the tracheobronchial tree that compromises respiratory or circulatory function. The bronchial artery system is the primary source in the majority of cases of MH. The most common cause is tuberculosis worldwide, but bronchiectasis, bronchogenic carcinoma, and mycetoma are more common causes in the U.S. Patients with MH require rapid assessment and management, as decompensation can be rapid. Patients with altered mental status, inability to clear their sections, respiratory distress, or hemodynamic compromise require emergent airway intervention. The imaging modality of choice is computed tomography angiography with pulmonary arterial phase contrast. A reasonable order or sequence of management includes initial stabilization; assessment for the need for airway intervention; reversal of any coagulopathy; advanced imaging; and emergent consultation of pulmonary, cardiothoracic surgery, and interventional radiology. Ongoing resuscitation including blood products may be required in some patients with MH until definitive hemostasis is achieved.
CONCLUSIONS: An understanding of MH can assist emergency clinicians in diagnosing and managing this dangerous disease. Providing a prompt evaluation, obtaining intravenous access, pursuing advanced imaging, providing reversal of coagulopathy, supporting hemodynamics, and appropriate consultation are key interventions in MH.
During the first 24 hours of the hotel admission (visit 6), participants' insulin dose will be calculated by the InsuLearn, MD approved, report. The second 24 hours of the hotel admission (visit 7), participants will use their usual care method to calculate their insulin dose.
Wild-Type p53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1/PPM1D) is a serine/threonine phosphatase that plays a significant role in various physiological processes. However, the involvement of WIP1 in kidney remains unclear. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was administered to induce acute injury in mice and human kidney 2 (HK2) cells in the study. The WIP1 inhibitor, CCT007093, was administered both in vitro and in vivo to assess its effect on kidney. The single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) data revealed that Ppm1d mRNA reached peak on day 2 following unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (uni-IRI) in mice, especially in the proximal renal tubules during repair phase. Compared to the control group, WIP1 protein exhibited a significant increase in renal tubules of patients with acute tubular injury (ATI) and mice with LPS-induced acute kidney injury (AKI), as well as in LPS-injured HK2 cells. In vitro experiments showed that CCT007093 increased the protein levels of NLRP3, cleaved-Caspase1, GSDMD-N and IL-1β in HK2 cells and further reduced the viability of LPS-stimulated HK2 cells. In vivo experiments showed that inhibition of WIP1 activity with CCT007093 further increased cleaved-Caspase1, GSDMD-N protein levels in kidney tissue from mice with LPS-induced AKI. In addition, LPS induces phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, a key regulator of pyroptosis, which is further activated by CCT007093. In conclusion, inhibition of WIP1 activity acts as a positive regulator of renal tubular pyroptosis mainly through the mediation of phospho-p38 MAPK.
The tumor size of each diameter of the tumor before and after treatment was measured on magnetic resonance imaging or CT. According to Recist 1.1 criteria, patients who were evaluated as complete remission, partial remission and stable disease were included in the effective group. Patients assessed as having progressive disease were included in the treatment-refractory group.
For women who are seeking alternatives to long-acting contraceptives, the oral contraceptive pill and the contraceptive ring are often prescribed in an extended manner (12 weeks straight). The contraceptive patch, however, is not routinely prescribed in this way. Concerns have been raised that hormone levels, in particular estrogen, are higher among patch users than those who use oral contraception or the vaginal ring and that this may contribute to an increased risk of clot. However, few studies have actually looked at these hormone levels in women with extended use of the contraceptive patch.

The investigators plan to enroll eligible women age 18-39 who are willing to use the contraceptive patch continuously for twelve weeks, and can adhere to the study requirements for follow-up. All participants will have weekly serum assessments of ethinyl estradiol and norelgestromin levels. The investigators will enroll 30 women, in anticipation of a 33% attrition rate, with the goal of obtaining completed data on 20 participants. The study duration for an individual participant will be 12 weeks and the duration of the entire study will be one year.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating chicken coccidiosis and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises, by weight, 25-40 parts of fructus quisqualis, 20-40 parts of semen pharbitidis, 15-35 parts of betel nut, 10-25 parts of rheum officinale, 10-28 parts of coptis root, 5-25 parts of cortex phellodendri, 5-20 parts of compound of glauber-salt and liquorice, 1-18 parts of bighead atractylodes rhizome, 2-15 parts of Chinese yam, 5-15 parts of chicken's gizzard membrane and 5-15 parts of medicated leaven. Fructus quisqualis, semen pharbitidis and betel nut are used as main medicines and are used for killing parasite and removing food retention. Coptis root and cortex phellodendri have effects of clearing heat and eliminating dampness, and purging fire and removing toxins. Compound of glauber-salt and liquorice and rheum officinale have effects of eliminating heat and relaxing bowels. Bighead atractylodes rhizome and Chinese yam are benefiting medicines and have effects of invigorating spleen and strengthening stomach. Chicken's gizzard membrane and medicated leaven are digestant medicines and have effects of strengthening stomach and helping digestion. Through scientific matching of various traditional Chinese medicines, the traditional Chinese medicines produce synergism of effectively treating chicken coccidiosis. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from pure traditional Chinese medicines, is nontoxic and has no residue.
Detection of progression is of great importance to breast cancer treatment and can benefit patients. Limited by current detection technologies and biomarkers, early breast cancer progression diagnosis remains challenging. Researchers have found blood extracellular vesicles (EVs)-derived integrin α6β4 directly facilitate progression in breast cancer, enabling cancer detection. However, EVs size and heterogeneity hinder protein detection, masked by abundant background EVs. Hence, novel tools for efficient detection of EVs with high selectivity and low interference are significantly desired. Here, a new silver-coated gold nanorods SERS probe, termed as Au@Ag@IDA-B/4MSTP, based on DNA aptamer was established for the detection of integrin α6β4 derived from EVs. Validation of the Au@Ag@IDA-B/4MSTP probes using cell-culture-derived EVs revealed a LOD of 23 particles/μL for EVs detection. This tool was further confirmed to mimic the real state of cancer with subcutaneous tumor model and lung metastasis model in mice. With 10 μL of blood plasma and simple Raman analysis process, the test achieved 85.7 % sensitivity and 83.3 % specificity. Moreover, our method achieves a simplified approach that expedites the detection process. These results demonstrate the good detection performance of Au@Ag@IDA-B/4MSTP probes for EVs integrin α6β4, and suggest that this non-invasive approach could be a promising tool for early detection of breast cancer progression.
Coffin-Siris Syndrome (CSS, MIM 135900) is now a well-described genetic condition caused by pathogenic variants in the Bromocriptine activating factor (BAF) complex, including ARID1B, ARID1A, ARID2, SMARCA4, SMARCE1, SMARCB1, SOX11, SMARCC2, DPF2, and more recently, BICRA. Individuals with CSS have a spectrum of various medical challenges, most often evident at birth, including feeding difficulties, hypotonia, organ-system anomalies, and learning and developmental differences. The classic finding of fifth digit hypo- or aplasia is seen variably. ARID2, previously described, is one of the less frequently observed gene changes in CSS. Although individuals with ARID2 have been reported to have classic features of CSS including hypertrichosis, coarse facial features, short stature, and fifth digit anomalies, as with many of the other CSS genes, there appears to be a spectrum of phenotypes. We report here a cohort of 17 individuals with ARID2 variants from the Coffin-Siris/BAF clinical registry and detail their medical challenges as well as developmental progress. Feeding difficulties, hypotonia, and short stature occur often, and hip dysplasia appears to occur more often than with other genes, however more severe medical challenges such as significant brain and cardiac malformations are rarer. Individuals appear to have mild to moderate intellectual impairment and may carry additional diagnoses such as ADHD. Further phenotypic description of this gene will aid clinicians caring for individuals with this rarer form of CSS.
The correct dosage and schedule for maintaining the serum uric acid within the normal range is best determined by using the serum uric acid as an index.

In patients with pre-existing liver disease, periodic liver function tests are recommended during the early stages of therapy (see Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.).

Allopurinol and its primary active metabolite, oxipurinol, are eliminated by the kidneys; therefore, changes in renal function have a profound effect on dosage. In patients with decreased renal function or who have concurrent illnesses which can affect renal function such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus, periodic laboratory parameters of renal function, particularly BUN and serum creatinine or creatinine clearance, should be performed and the patient's dosage of allopurinol reassessed.

The prothrombin time should be reassessed periodically in the patients receiving dicumarol who are given allopurinol.
A daily dose of 5mg choline will be added to RUTF for masking. 2 sachets (daily dose) of RUTF will provide approximately 1000 Kcal, 14g of protein, 28g of fat, and 1 RDA or 14 micronutrients.
Sarcopenia is an age-related syndrome characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. Community screening, commonly used in early diagnosis, usually lacks features such as real-time monitoring, low cost, and convenience. This study introduces a promising approach to sarcopenia screening by dynamic plantar pressure monitoring. We propose a wearable flexible-printed piezoelectric sensing array incorporating barium titanate thin films. Utilizing a flexible printer, we fabricate the array with enhanced compressive strength and measurement range. Signal conversion circuits convert charge signals of the sensors into voltage signals, which are transmitted to a mobile phone via Bluetooth after processing. Through cyclic loading, we obtain the average voltage sensitivity (4.844 mV/kPa) of the sensing array. During a 6 m walk, the dynamic plantar pressure features of 51 recruited participants are extracted, including peak pressures for both sarcopenic and control participants before and after weight calibration. Statistical analysis discerns feature significance between groups, and five machine learning models are employed to screen for sarcopenia with the collected features. The results show that the features of dynamic plantar pressure have great potential in early screening of sarcopenia, and the Support Vector Machine model after feature selection achieves a high accuracy of 93.65%. By combining wearable sensors with machine learning techniques, this study aims to provide more convenient and effective sarcopenia screening methods for the elderly.
Extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL), nasal type, is a distinct and heterogeneous histopathologic subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), accounting for 5%\~10%. The frequency of ENKTL among NHL patients is significantly higher in Asia than in Western countries. Despite radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the prognosis for ENKTL patients is poor, with 5-year median survival time for primary nasal site was 5 years, for non-nasal extranodal sites 6 months. ENKTL is so aggressive and has high mortality rate and till now there is no standard therapy. In recent years SMILE chemotherapy has clinical efficacy and is one of first line therapy for ENKTL. However it is apparent that this regimen is extremely toxic with grade 4 neutropenia especially for Asian patients. On these grounds, new therapy MESA is used for Asian patients with ENKTL in order to achieve good efficacy and safety.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Since targeted treatment for gastrointestinal pain is elusive, identifying the mechanistic underpinning of this pain type is important. Facilitation of spinal neuronal responses underpins certain pain types, and the psychophysical temporal summation of pain (TSP) paradigm provides a proxy measure of spinal facilitatory processes. Our aim was to systematically review whether facilitated TSP is a feature of gastrointestinal pain in patients with, or pain-free people experiencing experimentally induced, gastrointestinal pain.
DATABASES AND DATA TREATMENT: EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsychInfo, CINAHL, and Web of Science were systematically searched, from inception to July 2023, for human studies reporting TSP paradigm outcomes in the context of gastrointestinal pain. The Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional studies was used for quality assessment and applied independently by two researchers.
RESULTS: Fifteen papers consisting of cross-sectional (n = 6), case-control (n = 8), and retrospective cohort (n = 1) studies, were included. Thirteen studies investigated TSP in people with gastrointestinal pain with (n = 5) or without (n = 8) defined pathology. Two studies evoked TSP by repetitive gut stimulation in people undergoing abdominal medical procedures. Preliminary evidence showed that facilitated TSP correlated with the presence of functional gastrointestinal pain in women, and those with a history of trauma. No effect was observed in people with inflammatory bowel disease, although it was often unclear if they experienced pain.
CONCLUSIONS: It is not possible to conclude whether facilitated TSP is a feature of gastrointestinal pain. We recommend that subgroup findings are corroborated and that TSP paradigms are standardized in order that direct comparisons between studies may be made.
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Evidence indicated that pain facilitatory processes, as evidenced by a facilitated TSP outcome, contribute to functional gastrointestinal pain in women and those with a history of trauma. However, heterogeneity of study populations and paradigms precluded statistical synthesis and findings would need be corroborated. Studies exploring facilitatory processes in people with inflammatory bowel diseases did not report significant results, but pain is not a given in these conditions and, conversely, may be driven by peripheral inflammation during active disease. This should be taken in consideration in future explorations.
REGISTRATION REVIEW: PROSPERO CRD42022341845.
Placebo will be administered once daily as an oral reconstituted powder, for 14 days at the same time each day. On Days 1 and 2, placebo will be administered approximately 15-30 minutes following the consumption of a standardized breakfast to allow for PK sample collection. On all other days, placebo will be administered approximately 15-30 minutes following the consumption of the evening meal. Following the course of placebo administration, subjects will undergo scheduled surgical removal of their metastatic liver disease as well as non-diseased tissue. Due to scheduling and surgical availability, subjects can receive placebo for a minimum of 10 days and a maximum of 21 days.