anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Tooth resorption (TR) is one of the most common dental diseases of cats. It is a painful condition leading to tooth loss. The etiology of TR remains unclear, but old age, breed, other oral and dental diseases, and environmental factors are suspected predisposing factors. In our study, we used part of the data from the extensive feline health online survey of 8115 Finnish cats. As TR is difficult to detect and as the feline health survey included diagnoses defined by both veterinarians and the owners, we limited our study to a subpopulation of cats diagnosed with oral or dental disease by a veterinarian and had dental examination or surgery under sedation (n=944). We utilized case-control study analysed by multivariable logistic regression to determine the risk factors and breed variation of feline TR. The 202 cats diagnosed with TR were defined as TR cases and the remaining 742 cats as controls. The frequency of veterinarian-diagnosed TR was 3.9% in the health survey data (316/8115) and 21% in the subpopulation (202/944). The risk of TR increased with age (14.7% in youngest and 25.3% in oldest age group). Our finding that TR was significantly associated with gingivitis or periodontitis in cats that had also calculus (OR: 2.49 and 3.70, respectively) suggests that inflammatory changes caused by calculus increase the risk of TR. We found that Cornish Rex, European, and Ragdoll are at higher risk for TR (OR: 2.44, 2.98 and 2.90, respectively). Exotic-Persians breed group had lower risk (OR: 0.28). TR was not observed in Turkish van or Devon Rex. The differences between breeds highlight a genetic contribution. In addition, female cats that had food available constantly had significantly less TR than female cats that had feeding times (OR: 0.44). The underlying reasons for this remain unexplained in our study.
Epilepsy is the fourth overall neurologic disorder, regardless of age and gender. There are between 16 and 51 new cases per 100 000 people every year. A community-based study conducted in France concluded that up to 22.5 % of patients could be classified as presenting drug-resistant epilepsy. This group presents significant hazards such as an increased risk of death, injuries, psychosocial disfunction and a reduced quality of life. The International League against Epilepsy defines drug-resistant epilepsy as follows: A failure of adequate trials of two (or more) tolerated, appropriately chosen, appropriately used antiepileptic drugs (whether administered as monotherapies or in a combination) to achieve freedom from seizures. This significant amount of patients are the drive to develop different approaches in order to offer alternatives for control. In this regard, non-invasive brain stimulation protocols lead the way, since the pathophysiological substrate of epilepsy is an enhanced cortical excitability, leading to paroxysmal depolarisation shifts, an enhanced probability of high-frequent and hypersyncronous activity of small neuronal networks and the abnormal spreading of this pathological activity along cortico-cortical and cortico-subcortical neuronal conections. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) consists of short-lasting electric stimulus delivered to specific brain regions. When delivered repidetly, it generates long-lasting cortical excitability alterations and thus, has the potential to treat epilepsy targeting to the specific brain region where the cortical excitability is alterated. The aim of this study is to define the role for tDCS on the treatment of drug resistant epilepsy on children.
OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of vocal fold abnormalities in patients with a primary complaint of globus sensation. Secondly, to determine the relationship between globus, vocal fold abnormality, and patient-reported quality of life questionnaire score.
STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review.
METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed to identify all new patients evaluated at a tertiary academic care laryngology practice between January 2018 and December 2018 presenting with a chief complaint of globus. Variables of interest include age, gender, laryngeal symptoms, self-reported quality-of-life questionnaire results, and laryngostroboscopy findings. Questionnaires selected for this investigation include the reflux symptom index (RSI), eating assessment tool-10 (EAT-10), and voice handicap index-10 (VHI-10).
RESULTS: Two hundred twenty-eight subjects with an average age of 54 ±17 years, were categorized based on one of three laryngostroboscopic findings: absence of vocal fold abnormality, vocal fold paresis/paralysis (motion abnormality), or a vocal fold mass lesion. Fifty percent of patients reporting globus had a normal laryngeal exam, and 50% had a mass lesion or motion abnormality. Twenty five percent had vocal fold motion abnormality (paresis, paralysis, or supraglottic squeeze); 19% had a mass lesion; and 3% had both a lesion and motion abnormality. The average self-reported survey scores were compared among the three groups. Patients with dysphonia had a significantly higher VHI-10 (P = 0.00), and a significantly higher RSI (P = 0.00) than those without dysphonia. Those patients with dysphagia had significantly higher EAT-10 (P = 0.00) and RSI (P = 0.02) scores than those who did not have dysphagia. Patients with vocal fold motion abnormality had significantly higher VHI-10 than those with normal vocal fold mobility (P = 0.02) CONCLUSIONS: Identifying the etiology of globus presents a significant challenge to laryngologists. Data presented here suggest that vocal fold abnormalities may contribute to the sensation of globus and should therefore be considered in the differential when managing these patients.
Patients with HER2 amplification receive trastuzumab emtansine intravenously (IV) over 30-90 minutes on day 1. Cycles repeat every 21 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and reactogenicity of two dose levels of WRAIR's AMA1 malaria antigen (FMP2.1) adjuvanted in GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals' AS02A compared to rabies vaccine in malaria-experienced Malian adults aged 18-55 years inclusive. Secondary objectives are to: (1) measure the magnitude and duration of antibody response to FMP2.1; (2) measure cellular immune responses to FMP2.1 at baseline and after immunization; (3) measure the inhibition of parasite growth by the in vitro GIA; and (4) determine the specificity of the antibodies to diverse AMA1 genotypes in addition to 3D7, by measuring by ELISA, and GIA on parasites with typed AMA1. A double-blind controlled dose escalation trial will allow assessment of vaccine safety in each of three groups, one group each to receive medium and full dose levels of the experimental vaccine, and one group to receive the comparator vaccine. Thirty adults will be randomized to receive the medium dose level of FMP2.1 (n=20) or rabies vaccine (n=10) and thirty to receive the full dose level of FMP2.1 (n=20) or rabies vaccine (n=10). The division of the rabies group into two groups of ten is done to maintain blinding at each immunization time point, and all participants who receive the rabies vaccine will be analyzed as a single group. The sample size of the groups, however, will not allow detection of anything other than very large differences in the occurrence of adverse events among the three groups. The advantage of double blinding is to remove the potential for investigator and participant prejudgment about the effects of the vaccines in the reporting of adverse events.
BACKGROUND: Despite bovine viral diarrhoea virus and Chlamydia pecorum being important endemic diseases of cattle, there are limited reports of theirco-occurrence.
CASE REPORT: Several 12-18-week-old, weaned Hereford calves presented with ill-thriftiness and neurological signs on a mixed cattle and sheep farm in South Australia in July 2021. Immune suppression resulting from transient infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) is implicated in predisposing to infection with Chlamydia pecorum, the causative agent of sporadic bovine encephalopathy (SBE). Chlamydia spp. are difficult to culture in vitro or definitively identify based on current standard molecular based tests. In this case, diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemistry.
CONCLUSION: To the authors' knowledge, this case report is the first to document BVDV transient infection occurring in conjunction with SBE. Given the current high prevalence of BVDV on Australian farms, such co-infections may have significant future clinical relevance. This case also highlights the need for appropriate tests, such as immunohistochemistry to demonstrate the causative organism in histological lesions and thus reduce the occurrence of false negative diagnosis.
Congenital skin and soft tissue necrosis is a rare condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality in neonates. The authors treated a neonate born with significant skin necrosis of the right forearm. The case report is followed by a literature review and discussion of previously published reports of neonatal skin necrosis. A term female neonate was admitted to our hospital at 24 h of age for skin necrosis of the right forearm with sloughing and edema below the right elbow and contractures of her fingers. Topical treatment with cleansing and antibiotic application was initiated. The LUNA florescent microangiography showed superficial perfusion defects in the arm and dorsum of the hand along with overt ischemia over the dorsal aspect of the forearm. She was treated with intravenous antibiotics following a sepsis evaluation. Subsequently, she developed hypotension treated with fluid boluses, dopamine, and stress dose steroids. Concerns of wound infection and sepsis led to debridement of the necrotic area within the first 24 h post-admission. Wet-to-dry dressing changes using Vashe wound solution were begun postoperatively.; followed by placement of Integra on postoperative day-of-life (DOL) 7; dressing takedown on DOL 12; and autografting of the right hand and forearm with disarticulation of the 4th distal interphalangeal joints and right 5th distal interphalangeal transection on DOL 24. Postoperative dressing care was continued during the remainder of the hospital stay, she remained stable without any further complications and was discharged home on DOL 34 with outpatient clinic follow-up.
In a multiple-dose pharmacokinetic study in male volunteers following 2 days of 5 or 10 mg of oral pilocarpine hydrochloride tablets given at 8 a.m., noontime, and 6 p.m., the mean elimination half-life was 0.76 hours for the 5 mg dose and 1.35 hours for the 10 mg dose. Tmax values were 1.25 hours and 0.85 hours. Cmax values were 15 ng/mL and 41 ng/mL. The AUC trapezoidal values were 33 h(ng/mL) and 108 h(ng/mL), respectively, for the 5 and 10 mg doses following the last 6 hour dose. 

Pharmacokinetics in elderly male volunteers (N = 11) were comparable to those in younger men. In five healthy elderly female volunteers, the mean Cmax and AUC were approximately twice that of elderly males and young normal male volunteers. 

When taken with a high fat meal by 12 healthy male volunteers, there was a decrease in the rate of absorption of pilocarpine from pilocarpine hydrochloride tablets. Mean Tmax were 1.47 and 0.87 hours, and mean Cmax were 51.8 and 59.2 ng/mL for fed and fasted, respectively. 

Limited information is available about the metabolism and elimination of pilocarpine in humans. Inactivation of pilocarpine is thought to occur at neuronal synapses and probably in plasma. Pilocarpine and its minimally active or inactive degradation products, including pilocarpic acid, are excreted in the urine. Pilocarpine does not bind to human or rat plasma proteins over a concentration range of 5 to 25,000 ng/mL. The effect of pilocarpine on plasma protein binding of other drugs has not been evaluated. 

In patients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment (N=12), administration of a single 5 mg dose resulted in a 30% decrease in total plasma clearance and a doubling of exposure (as measured by AUC). Peak plasma levels were also increased by about 30% and half-life was increased to 2.1 hrs. 

There were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of oral pilocarpine in volunteer subjects (N=8) with renal insufficiency (mean creatinine clearances 25.4 mL/min; range 9.8 – 40.8 mL/min) compared to the pharmacokinetics previously observed in normal volunteers.
The invention is a method for detecting the presence of or a predisposition to cancer in mammalian individuals. A trace element, specifically tin, is administered to the individual in the form of a radioactive isotope or a compound containing a radioactive tracer. The tin-bearing compound thereafter accumulates in the various bodily organs and is excreted. Indicative of the presence of cancer or a predisposition is the lack of accumulation of the radioactive tin compound in the thymus and lymphatic system of the mammal. By comparison of the radioisotope concentration in the urine and blood, the early detection of a precancerous or leukemic condition can be made. The method is applicable to a wide variety of mammals, including human beings.
BACKGROUND This retrospective study of 42 patients with popliteal cysts (or Baker cysts) aimed to compare the effects on duration and outcomes of arthroscopic surgical debridement with and without the use of cyst injection with methylene blue (MB). MATERIAL AND METHODS Medical records of patients who underwent conventional arthroscopic surgery (n=20) or arthroscopic surgery after MB injection (n=22) for popliteal cysts between 2018 and 2021 were reviewed. The MB group underwent arthroscopic popliteal cystectomy with MB as the marker, and the control group underwent conventional arthroscopic popliteal cystectomy. Surgical time of cyst resection, postoperative bruising extent, complication rate, and cyst recurrence rate of the 2 groups were compared. RESULTS The MB group had a faster surgical cyst removal time (16.5±1.5 min) than the control group (24.5±1.6 min; P<0.05). The MB group had less postoperative bruising (1 case, 4.5%) than the control group (5 cases, 25%; P<0.05). The surgical results were similar in both groups, with a Lysholm score of 87.23±1.80 in the MB group and 87.23±1.62 (P>0.05) in the control group. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that preoperative injection of MB for popliteal cysts before arthroscopic debridement improved cyst localization and ease and accuracy of surgery and reduced operative time, adjacent tissue damage, postoperative complications, and recurrence rate.
The diagnostic criteria for fibromyalgia (FM) have relied heavily on subjective reports of experienced symptoms coupled with examination-based evidence of diffuse tenderness due to the lack of reliable biomarkers. Rheumatic disorders that are common causes of chronic pain such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, osteoarthritis, and chronic low back pain are frequently found to be comorbid with FM. As a result, this can make the diagnosis of FM more challenging. We aim to develop a reliable classification algorithm using unique spectral profiles of portable FT-MIR that can be used as a real-time point-of-care device for the screening of FM. A novel volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) technique ensured sample volume accuracies and minimized the variation introduced due to hematocrit-based bias. Blood samples from 337 subjects with different disorders (179 FM, 158 non-FM) collected with VAMS were analyzed. A semi-permeable membrane filtration approach was used to extract the blood samples, and spectral data were collected using a portable FT-MIR spectrometer. The OPLS-DA algorithm enabled the classification of the spectra into their corresponding classes with 84% accuracy, 83% sensitivity, and 85% specificity. The OPLS-DA regression plot indicated that spectral regions associated with amide bands and amino acids were responsible for discrimination patterns and can be potentially used as spectral biomarkers to differentiate FM and other rheumatic diseases.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject promotive agent which has promotive effective for producing body heat and is useful for prevention or treatment for obesity or diabetic saccharide by formulating a compound which processes a specific partial structure and shows vitamin B1 effect. SOLUTION: The objective promotive agent is obtained by formulating a compound which has a partial structure of formula I (R<1> is an alkyl) and shows vitamin B1 effect, preferably a compound (salt) of formula II [R<2> is a (substituted) hydrocarbon group which may be linked through thio groups]. In the formula II, R<1> is preferably methyl group and R<3> is preferably a (phenyl) 1-7C alkyl or a (phenyl) 2-7C alkenyl. As the compound of formula II, e.g. N-(4- amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl) methyl-N-(2-allyldithio-4-hydroxy-1-methyl-1-butenyl) formamide is favorable. The compound of formula I is usually contained in the promotive agent in a proportion of 0.01-100 wt.%. The promotive agent is low in toxicity, high in safety and excellent in absorbency and stability and possesses catecholamine secretory effect.
After submarginal instrumentation (i.e., titanium curettes plus oscillating chitosan brush), implant surfaces will be conditioned for 2 min with 24% ethylene-diaminetetraacetate EDTA (PrefGel®, Institut Straumann AG). Then, the sites will be completely rinsed with saline solution and thoroughly dried with air. Repeated irrigation and air-drying will be done in the area until complete bleeding control with sterile gauzes. Then EMD (Emdogain®, Institut Straumann AG) will be gently applied with a blunt-tipped sterile syringe until overflowing from the mucosal margin.
Participants with chromosomal rearrangement of the p11.2 region of chromosome 16 (16p11.2) locus causing obesity received setmelanotide once daily (QD) via subcutaneous (SC) injection for 16 weeks. All participants initiated treatment with setmelanotide (starting dose being age dependent) and the dose was escalated up to a maximum dose of 3.0 mg QD. Participants either continued setmelanotide treatment by enrolling in an extension study (RM-493-022; NCT03651765) immediately following the last dose in this study or if the extension study was not open at the current clinic site, participants continued treatment in the current study for up to 1 year, resulting in treatment duration of up to 16 months.
Abnormal mitochondria have been observed in bronchial- and alveolar epithelial cells of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, it is unknown if alterations in the molecular pathways regulating mitochondrial turnover (mitochondrial biogenesis vs mitophagy) are involved. Therefore, in this study, the abundance of key molecules controlling mitochondrial turnover were assessed in peripheral lung tissue from non-COPD patients (n = 6) and COPD patients (n = 11; GOLDII n = 4/11; GOLDIV n = 7/11) and in both undifferentiated and differentiated human primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBEC) from non-COPD patients and COPD patients (n = 4-7 patients/group). We observed significantly decreased transcript levels of key molecules controlling mitochondrial biogenesis (PPARGC1B, PPRC1, PPARD) in peripheral lung tissue from severe COPD patients. Interestingly, mRNA levels of the transcription factor TFAM (mitochondrial biogenesis) and BNIP3L (mitophagy) were increased in these patients. In general, these alterations were not recapitulated in undifferentiated and differentiated PBECs with the exception of decreased PPARGC1B expression in both PBEC models. Although these findings provide valuable insight in these pathways in bronchial epithelial cells and peripheral lung tissue of COPD patients, whether or not these alterations contribute to COPD pathogenesis, underlie changes in mitochondrial function or may represent compensatory mechanisms remains to be established.
Iron deficiency (ID) is the world's most common single nutrient disorder, differentially affecting pregnant women and infants everywhere. The study was conducted in China, a rapidly developing country where ID often occurs among pregnant women and infants in the absence of generalized undernutrition. The study was a collaboration between Peking University First Hospital and three local hospitals (Sanhe Maternity and Child Health Care Center \[MCHC\], Sanhe General County Hospital, and Sanhe Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine). Eligible pregnant women were enrolled from June 2009 through December 2011 and randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive iron and folic acid or folic acid only. The study protocol was approved by the institutional review board of Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China. Women were recruited (n=2367) at their first prenatal visit at Sanhe MCHC. Those with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies and first prenatal visits ≤ 20 weeks gestation were invited to participate. Women were randomized and received 2 supplements: iron/placebo and folic acid. Project personnel instructed the participants to take two capsules per day (one of each kind of supplement) from enrollment to delivery. Participants received a 3-month supply of each supplement upon enrollment and at the second study visit (26-30 weeks). The number of doses received and consumed or missed was recorded by project personnel. The primary outcomes were maternal iron status at follow-up visits (26-30 weeks and 36-40 weeks), cord-blood iron status, and infant gestational age and birth weight. Data analysis compares pregnancy iron level between two study groups and how it relates to pregnancy outcomes, including pregnancy and delivery complications, preterm rate, perinatal death rate, and birth rate. Data analysis also includes evaluating pregnancy nutrition conditions and analyzing associations with weight changes during pregnancy, and rates of pregnancy diabetes, pregnancy high blood pressure, fetus growth restriction, low birth weight, and fetal macrosomia. Up to 75% of pregnant women worldwide are anemic, with about half due to ID. The public health implications of study findings could be profound.
Disclosed is a method of preparing a drug-iodinated oil dispersion by high-pressure dissolution. In the invention, drug molecules are dissolved in and thoroughly mixed with iodinated oil under high pressure and rapid stirring. After the depressurization, the drug molecules are dispersed in the iodinated oil to prepare a uniformly-mixed drug-iodinated oil dispersion. The drug-iodinated oil dispersion prepared herein, compared to the drug-iodinated oil suspension and emulsion, has advantages of controllable morphology, long-term stability and slow drug-releasing rate, moreover, the drug molecules do not negatively affect the iodinated oil in physicochemical properties such as viscosity. In the liver cancer treatment, the prepared drug-iodinated oil dispersion is firstly injected through the hepatic arteries to perform the embolization, and the drug molecules are slowly released for a sustained treatment. The invention provides a good reference for the therapy combined with iodinated oil embolization.