anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Cefazolin in Dextrose Injection is a frozen, premixed, iso-osmotic, sterile, nonpyrogenic, single-dose solution containing either 1 g Cefazolin, USP, equivalent to 1.05 g Cefazolin Sodium, USP per 50 mL, 2 g Cefazolin, USP, equivalent to 2.1 g Cefazolin Sodium, USP per 100 mL or 3 g Cefazolin, USP, equivalent to 3.15 g Cefazolin Sodium, USP per 150 mL Galaxy container (PL 2040 Plastic). Dextrose, USP has been added to adjust osmolality (4 % as dextrose hydrous). The approximate osmolality for Cefazolin in Dextrose Injection is 290 mOsmol/kg.

Cefazolin Sodium is a semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibacterial for parenteral administration and has the following IUPAC nomenclature: Sodium (6R,7R)-3-[[(5-methyl-1,3,4- thiadiazol-2-yl)thio]methyl]-8-oxo-7-[2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)acetamido]-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2- ene-2-carboxylate. Its molecular formula is C14H13N8O4S3·Na and its molecular weight is 454.51 (free acid).

Cefazolin Sodium USP has the following structural formula:

The sodium content is 48 mg/g of cefazolin sodium.

The pH of Cefazolin in Dextrose Injection may have been adjusted with sodium bicarbonate, or sodium hydroxide/hydrochloric acid during manufacture. Water for injection, USP is added as drug vehicle. Contains no preservative. The solution is intended for intravenous use after thawing to room temperature.

This Galaxy container (PL 2040 Plastic) is fabricated from a specially designed multilayer plastic (PL 2040). Solutions are in contact with the polyethylene layer of this container and can leach out certain chemical components of the plastic in very small amounts within the expiration period. However, the suitability of the plastic has been confirmed in tests in animals according to the USP biological tests for plastic containers, as well as by tissue culture toxicity studies.
ypercholesterolemia is a cause of atherosclerosis, such as coronary heart disease, ischemic cerebrovscular disease and peripheral vascular disease. Drugs that are undergoing clinical of preclinical evaluation include competitive reductase and catalytes. While statin is a mevinolic acid and is produced by fermentation of ahydroxyl methyxyl glutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor pharmacologically. Moderate to markes increases in serum concentration of hepatic aminotrasnferases have been observed in patients receiving. Adverse requiring some effects from statin such as liver, musculoskeletal myopathy, rhabaomyolysis, visual, nervous system purities and to morvidity and mortality. Himself since new ornithine (amino acid) drug singular diminution cholesterol analogous.
The overarching goal of this pilot project is to reduce the disparity in the treatment of tobacco use among individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) with low burden, multi-level implementation strategies, an important need reflected in existing evidence and a recent survey of community needs. Individuals with SMI have a much higher smoking prevalence (60% vs. 15%) and die 25 years earlier compared to the general population. Despite the fact that SMI patients express interest in and have success with evidence-based smoking cessation treatment, inadequate provision of treatment in community mental health centers (CMHCs) contributes to the high smoking prevalence and related health consequences among the mentally ill. The pilot trial aims to understand the feasibility and preliminary effects of a multilevel intervention "Nudges to Quit," designed to increase patient, case worker, and pharmacist engagement with tobacco treatment in a community mental health clinic setting. Therefore, the investigators propose a pilot randomized trial of 60 patients. Patients will be randomized with 1:1 allocation to usual care vs. intervention "Nudges to Quit". All patients will receive pre-appointment tobacco treatment needs assessment (t1) with patient input as decision support for their care team. For patients in the intervention arm, their care team (case worker and pharmacist) will receive nudge reminders based on patient-reported tobacco treatment need assessment to offer tobacco treatment. For patients in the usual care arm, the team will proceed with usual care and receive the intervention at 3 months post-enrollment (t2) to ensure all participants will receive benefit from the intervention with variation in timing. All patients will receive a baseline (t1), 3 month (t2), and 6 month follow-up survey (t3). In Aim 1, the investigators will test the effect of nudges on patient receipt of tobacco treatment. The investigators hypothesize patient receipt of tobacco cessation treatment such as medication and counseling will be higher after delivery of nudges over usual care. In Aim 2, the investigators will test the effect of nudges on smoking behaviors. The investigators hypothesize smoking behaviors will be positively effected in the nudges to quit group compared to usual care. In Aim 3, the investigators will evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effect of this pilot project for a future R01 proposal to systematically evaluate this multilevel intervention adapted for CMHCs.
Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a common genetic disease with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations in multiple organs of the body. Some of those symptoms are skin lesions, tumors and cancers, as also pain, and fatigue. In animal models of this disease, dysfunction of mitochondria, a part of the cell which is responsible for energy production, is often described. This project will study the (dys)function of mitochondria in patients with neurofibromatosis through multiple collections of blood samples from patients and people not afflicted by neurofibromatosis (control group). Those blood samples will be used to run tests that analyses the function of the mitochondria and compare the results from the neurofibromatosis group with the control group. As multiple samples from the same patient will be tested in different times, this study will evaluate how the function of mitochondria changes with time and if medications and supplements can influence the function of the mitochondria. Patients will also answer questions regarding symptoms like fatigue and pain. Doing so, the investigator plan to confirm mitochondrial dysfunction in patients, if the degree of dysfunction correlates with symptoms like pain and fatigue, and if supplements and medication like MEK inhibitors that patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 use in a daily basis modulates (for better or worse) a pre-existing mitochondrial dysfunction.
Risk Summary

There are no data on the presence of AFREZZA in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. One small published study reported that exogenous subcutaneous insulin was present in human milk. No adverse effects in infants were noted. The carrier particles are present in rat milk (see Data). Potential adverse reactions that are related to inhalational administration of AFREZZA are unlikely to be associated with potential exposure of AFREZZA through breast milk. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for AFREZZA and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from AFREZZA or from the underlying maternal condition. 

Data

Subcutaneous administration of the carrier particle in lactating rats resulted in excretion of the carrier particle in rat milk at levels that were approximately 10% of the maternal exposure. Given the results of the rat study, it is highly likely that the insulin and carrier in AFREZZA are excreted in human milk.
Many techniques of ventral hernias repair have been reported. It is shown that open mesh hernia repairs have low recurrence and low complication rates then suture repair. But for hernias less than 3 cm some surgeons defend the treatment by suture. The main variable of interest is the location of mesh placement compared to suture repair. The investigator will compare in a prospective randomized clinical trial three techniques of abdominal wall hernia repair: preperitoneal polyester mesh, retromuscular polyester mesh and suture for hernias less than 3 cm. All patients underwent general anesthesia. The investigators used Polyester-based mesh because it has shown minimal shrinkage and excellent tissue ingrowth in animal models. Operative notes were physician-abstracted and the presence, type, and location of mesh prosthesis was recorded. Independent variables of interest were patient-level demographics (age and sex), facility where hernia repair occurred, year of hernia repair, preoperative comorbid conditions, history of prior repair, and intraoperative variables. The results compared postoperative pain was evaluated using a visual analogue scale (range, 0-10) on the day of the first outpatient visit, operating time evaluated as skin-to-skin time, drain management and both of early and late complications including seroma and hematoma formation, wound infection, fistula formation and recurrence rates.
INTRODUCTION: Pancreatic cancer is one of the five most common causes of cancer mortality in developed countries. In patients with metastatic disease, the most frequent treatment used is FOLFIRINOX, which is associated with moderate toxicity which could influence quality of life. The efficacy of FOLFIRINOX in a general population in the Netherlands has not been subject of research before, and therefore, this research has been set up in order to investigate what the real-life benefits of FOLFIRINOX are in a population with metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC) treated in three general hospitals in the Netherlands.
METHODS: The data used in this study was collected by patient records leading to a noninterventional retrospective cohort study. Eighty-six patients, over 18 years of age, diagnosed with mPC between the years 2015 and 2022 and treated with FOLFIRINOX at Maasstad Hospital in Rotterdam, Amphia Hospital in Breda, or Catharina Hospital in Eindhoven, were included in the study. Kaplan-Meier models were used in order to represent survival outcomes.
RESULTS: The results showed a median overall survival of 228 days (IQR 118-355). Only 14.0% (n = 12) completed the first-line treatment, and 51.2% (n = 44) of patients stopped treatment before or during cycle 6. Toxicity is highest, grade 3, after the first cycle but remains high for grade 1 and 2 during all treatment cycles.
CONCLUSION: Survival rates for patient with metastatic pancreatic cancer treated with FOLFIRINOX were worse in our study population than in comparative studies.
Homeopathic (i.e. highly dilute) soln. for treating or preventing infections or diseases caused by abnormal gene function is prepd. by (1) dissolving a single-stranded nucleic acid (I) at about 1 nmole per 10 ml. pharmaceutical solvent; (2) energising the soln. by agitation; (3) diluting 10-1000 fold and energising again and (4) repeating this procedure down to a dilution of at least 10-8. (I) is at least 10 nucleotides long and has a sequence analogous to (a) a polynucleotide present in the genome of infectious agent (or its transcription product, or the reverse of this product) or (b) a polynucleotide involved in the genetic dysfunction (or its transcription product) (I) is RNA if the polynucleotide is DNA, or DNA if the polynucleotide is RNA.
Corticosteroids suppress the inflammatory response to a variety of agents and they probably delay or slow healing. Since corticosteroids may inhibit the body's defense mechanism against infection, a concomitant antimicrobial drug may be used when this inhibition is considered to be clinically significant in a particular case. 

When a decision to administer both a corticosteroid and antimicrobials is made, the administration of such drugs in combination has the advantage of greater patient compliance and convenience, with the added assurance that the appropriate dosage of all drugs is administered. When each type of drug is in the same formulation, compatibility of ingredients is assured and the correct volume of drug is delivered and retained. 

The relative potency of corticosteroids depends on the molecular structure, concentration and release from the vehicle. 

Microbiology: The anti-infective components in Neomycin and Polymyxin B Sulfates, Bacitracin Zinc, and Hydrocortisone Ophthalmic Ointment, USP are included to provide action against specific organisms susceptible to it. Neomycin sulfate and polymyxin B sulfate are active in vitro against susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella/ Enterobacter species, Neisseria species, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This product does not provide adequate coverage against Serratia marcescens (see INDICATIONS AND USAGE).
This research study is a Phase II clinical trial testing the safety and effectiveness of an investigational drug (in this case elotuzumab) in combination with lenalidomide, bortezomib and dexamethasone to learn more about the side effects of this regimen and whether it is effective in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.

"Investigational" means that the drug elotuzumab and the combination of this agent with lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone are being studied. It also means that the the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not yet approved elotuzumab for the treatment of cancer. The drugs, lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone are approved by the FDA. Participants in this trial will have the option to undergo autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) following initial therapy with elotuzumab, lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone. ASCT is a standard of care in the treatment of multiple myeloma. All participants, including those who undergo ASCT and those who choose not to, will receive what is referred to as "maintenance therapy" - or continuous treatment - after the initial cycles of treatment with elotuzumab, lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone. The specific maintenance regimen will be determined by risk category.
INTRODUCTION: Predicting the risk associated with vascular surgery in older adult patients has become increasingly challenging, primarily due to limitations in existing risk assessment tools. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of gait speed, a clinical indicator of frailty, in enhancing the prediction of mortality and morbidity in older adult patients undergoing vascular surgery.
METHODS: A single-center prospective cohort study was conducted, involving older adult patients undergoing vascular surgery at four tertiary care hospitals between 2021 and 2022. Eligible patients were aged 80 years or older and scheduled for surgical treatment of peripheral arterial disease of the lower limbs (IIb Leriche-Le Fontaine). The primary factor of interest was gait speed, defined as taking more than 6 s to walk 5 meters. The primary outcomes were in-hospital postoperative mortality and major morbidity.
RESULTS: The cohort comprised 131 patients with a mean age of 82.8 ± 1.4 years, with 34 % being female. Before vascular surgery, 60 patients (46 %) were categorized as slow walkers. Slow walkers were more likely to be female (43 % vs. 25 %, p < 0.03) and diabetic (50 % vs. 28 %, p < 0.01). Among the patients, 30 (23 %) experienced the primary composite outcome of mortality or major morbidity following vascular surgery. After adjusting for the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP®) Surgical Risk Calculator, slow gait speed independently predicted the composite outcome (odds ratio: 3.05; 95 % confidence interval: 1.23 to 7.54).
CONCLUSIONS: Gait speed is a straightforward and effective test that can help identify a subgroup of frail older adult patients at an elevated and incremental risk of mortality and major morbidity after vascular surgery. While gait speed remains a valuable clinical indicator of frailty, it is important to recognize that the broader context of mobility plays a pivotal role in postoperative outcomes.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a group of disorders that affect the heart and blood vessels. They include conditions such as myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmia, and congenital heart defects. CVDs are the leading cause of death worldwide. Therefore, new medical interventions that aim to prevent, treat, or manage CVDs are of prime importance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level and play important roles in various biological processes, including cardiac development, function, and disease. Moreover, miRNAs can also act as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In order to identify and characterize miRNAs and their target genes, scientists take advantage of computational tools such as bioinformatic algorithms, which can also assist in analyzing miRNA expression profiles, functions, and interactions in different cardiac conditions. Indeed, the combination of miRNA research and bioinformatic algorithms has opened new avenues for understanding and treating CVDs. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the roles of miRNAs in cardiac development and CVDs, discuss the challenges and opportunities, and provide some examples of recent bioinformatics for miRNA research in cardiovascular biology and medicine.
Individual evaluation in the field of health; is very important because it sets out the steps necessary for defining and improving the current situation. Evaluation of muscular strength is a key factor in sports to improve performance and determine the risk of injury. Thus, the training and training process that will optimize the performance of the athlete can be planned and necessary steps can be taken to prevent injuries. There are many methods to determine muscle strength, manual muscle testing and isokinetic evaluation are the most frequently used methods. Isokinetic evaluation provides the ability to objectively measure dynamic force. Potential injuries are avoided by providing effective and optimal loading of joints and muscles throughout the range of motion. With isokinetic dynamometry, it can measure and amplify at high speed with maximal contraction using muscle function at full speed over the entire range of motion. With this method, it is possible to assess the strength of the muscles of the joint movements in the agonist (the group performing the movement as a primer) and the antagonist (the muscle group controlling the movement in the movement) during all reciprocal movements. One of the most important values of this evaluation is the peak torque, the maximum force. The peak torque value is influenced by many internal factors such as the environmental factors, the adaptation of the isokinetic instrument to the person, as well as the internal factors of the person being assessed. One of the most important of the effective factors is to determine the appropriate number of repetitions. Isokinetic dynamometers offer the possibility to make various adjustments such as angular velocity, number of repetitions, the range of motion, the current state of the person. Therefore, the evaluator can determine the number of repetitions itself. Sufficient repeatability is required to allow the individual to create maximum force. However, too much repetition can cause fatigue in the individual as well as an additional workload in terms of time. There are many studies in the literature carried out with different repeat numbers at different angular velocities. The studies include protocols ranging from five repetitions to twenty repetitions with very different repeat numbers. Five repetitions may not be sufficient for the peak torque to appear, but twenty repetitions cause fatigue in the athlete and lead to loss of time. There is no standardized repeat number for isokinetic knee evaluation in the literature. The lack of consensus on the number of repetitions hampers the interpretation of the works. In our work, it will be determined how many times the athletes reached peak torque values. This will prevent future studies from carrying out an incorrect measurement without reaching the maximum peak force with a low number of repetitions, or having too many repetitions to include tougher, longer evaluations. Standardization of repeat numbers will make evaluation easier and more meaningful if it increases the objectivity of evaluation.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the health characteristics, condition-specific measures, chronic disease risk factors, and healthcare and medication use over time of individuals with musculoskeletal conditions awaiting orthopaedic surgical consultation. Study importance: Musculoskeletal conditions are highly prevalent in the general population and often coexist with chronic diseases. However, little is documented about the overall health of this group. This study describes the health of these individuals, with particular emphasis on modifiable risk factors of chronic disease.
STUDY TYPE: A repeated measures longitudinal cohort study of individuals referred for orthopaedic consultation across three time points (2014, 2015 and 2016).
METHODS: This study was undertaken in the orthopaedic outpatient service of a public tertiary referral hospital in New South Wales, Australia. Participants were aged 18 years and older and were referred for and awaiting orthopaedic surgical consultation for a musculoskeletal condition (back, neck, hand or wrist pain, or hip or knee osteoarthritis). Measures included patient demographics, condition-specific indicators (e.g. pain, disability, quality of life [QoL]) and chronic disease risk factors (e.g., excess weight, smoking).
RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 57.7 years, and 7.3% identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander. Back (43.1%) and knee (35.0%) pain were the most prevalent conditions. At baseline (N = 1052), participants reported moderate pain (mean numerical pain rating scale score of 6.4, standard deviation [SD] 2.4) and QoL (Physical Component Score of 32.7, SD 10.7; Mental Component Score of 46.6, SD 13.3). Chronic disease risk factors were highly prevalent, with 74.6% of participants having three or more. For most measures, there were only small changes over time.
CONCLUSION: Individuals with musculoskeletal conditions who are awaiting orthopaedic surgical consultation have a complex clinical picture and numerous chronic disease risk factors. Given the modifiable nature of many of these risk factors, identifying and addressing them before or while awaiting consultation may improve the health of these individuals.
The RRT group will carry out a program based on the reduction of rest time between series, following a previously published methodology (Stragier et al., 2019). The program will consist of a job for 4 weeks, with a frequency of 2 sessions a week. In each session, a 5 series routine with progressive repetition volume (3 to 7) at 70% 1RM will be performed twice, resting 15 seconds between sets and 150 seconds between each of the 2 blocks. The exercise to be performed will be an elbow flexion (bicep curl) with dumbbell.