anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Upon completion of the parental consent form, each test subject will be instructed to flip a two-sided coin to determine the sitting position of the test subject. If the flip reveals a "heads", the child will be instructed to sit in a chair; chairs will be appropriately sized to allow the child to rest his/her feet on the ground. If the flip reveals a "tails", the child will be instructed to sit on a small carpet piece that measures 2-feet by 2-feet. Each test subject will be taken to their gaming station which will sit approximately 8 feet away from a 55-inch flat screen television that will be on a 30-inch table and handed a wireless controller. Two gaming stations will be available with one featuring the game Lego Batman and the other featuring Lego Indiana Jones with both gaming stations testing simultaneously. The test subjects will be told they can play for 5 minutes with a Physical Therapist at each station to monitor and record the test subjects' positioning.
In a 104 week carcinogenicity study (daily oral administration) in rats, there was a positive dose response relationship for benign adrenal pheochromocytoma in males (P<0.00001). Although this condition was also observed in females, the incidence was not statistically significant. When the dose calculations were adjusted to account for the limited oral bioavailability of pamidronate disodium in rats, the lowest daily dose associated with adrenal pheochromocytoma was similar to the intended clinical dose. Adrenal pheochromocytoma was also observed in low numbers in the control animals and is considered a relatively common spontaneous neoplasm in the rat. Pamidronate disodium (daily oral administration) was not carcinogenic in an 80 week study in mice.

Pamidronate disodium was nonmutagenic in six mutagenicity assays: Ames test, Salmonella and Escherichia/liver-microsome test, nucleus-anomaly test, sister-chromatid-exchange study, point-mutation test, and micronucleus test in the rat. 

In rats, decreased fertility occurred in first-generation offspring of parents who had received 150 mg/kg of pamidronate disodium orally; however, this occurred only when animals were mated with members of the same dose group. Pamidronate disodium has not been administered intravenously in such a study.
Objective: The initiation of palliative care (PC) in the emergency department (ED) is effective in improving the quality of life for seriously ill patients. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the modified surprise question (mSQ), "Would you be surprised if this patient died in the next 30 days?" as a trigger for initiating PC in critically ill ED patients. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study over a 6-month period in an ED, during which 22 emergency residents answered the mSQ for critically ill ED patients (Korean Triage and Acuity Scale 1 or 2). The primary outcome was the accuracy of the positive mSQ (negative response to the mSQ) in predicting 30-day mortality, and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the prognostic factors. Results: A total of 300 patients were enrolled, and the positive mSQ group included 118 (39.3%) patients. The 30-day mortality rate of the cohort was 10.0%. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the positive mSQ were 83.3%, 65.6%, 21.2%, and 97.3%, respectively, with a c-statistic of 0.74 and a positive likelihood ratio of 2.42. In a multivariable analysis controlling for clinically relevant variables, the odds ratio for 30-day mortality of the positive mSQ was 4.76 (95% confidence interval, 1.61-14.09; P = .005). Conclusions: The mSQ may be valuable for identifying critically ill ED patients with an increased risk of 30-day mortality. Therefore, it may be utilized as a trigger for PC consultation in the ED.
Antihelminth agent contains pharmacologically effective doses of the root contents of Cochlospermum angolense and conventional carriers and auxiliaries. Active ingredient is pref. a carotinoid drug extract form the roots of Cochlospermum angolense, esp. in crystallised or amorphic form (in which case the agent is in the form of tablets of capsules) or an aq. or alcoholic extract (in which case the agent is pref. in the form of drops). Pref. the carotinoid root extract is in max. amts. of 100-200 micro-g/ml per unit dose, corresponding to a daily dose of 100-200 mg/kg. The agent is pref. prepd. by defatting comminuted roots with known solvents, then extracting, concentrating, purifying and again concentrating before being mixed with carrier and auxiliaries. USE/ADVANTAGE - Agent can be used to treat various illnesses due to worms. The active ingredient is easily obtd..
Material for the reducing stage of a permanent hair waving procedure comprises an adsorbent carrier (0.05-10 mm thick; of surface area 20-300 sq. cm.) impregnated with aq. keratin-softening agents. This material, which can be made hydrophobic in places and/or fashioned as a piece of variable thickness, is wound around the hair to be waved. The carrier material is pref. one or more of paper, fleece and textiles (of natural and/or synthetic fibre). Particularly it is 0.5-2.5 mm thick, with surface wt. 20-50 g/sq.m. and also has min. tear strength 10N (wet) and 20N (dry). USE/ADVANTAGE - Use of this material avoids contact between irritating chemicals and the scalp, so obviates the need for protective creams or strips of padding. It also ensures a more uniform distribution of treatment agents so prevents splitting of the ends of the hairs. Different impregnated materials can be made to suit particular requirements
Treatment of skin wounds with a starch hydrolysate having a Dextrose Equivalent less than 35 can be improved by irrigating the wound with a buffered salt solution having pH in the range of 6 to 7.8 prior to application of the starch hydrolysate. Preferably the treatment includes treatment with one or more compounds selected from alphaketoglutaric acid and salts thereof, ferrous salts, ascorbic acid and salts thereof, and amino acids, which are preferably glycine, L-proline and L-lysine. Thus preferred starch hydrolysate compositions include one or more of these components, the amino acids preferably being present in starch hydrolysate powder compositions in particulate form. The starch hydrolysate is pref- erbly sterilised by a dry heat (non-radiative) sterilisation. Especially preferred buffered salt solutions contain ferrous salts and/or amino acids. If desired, the treatment can include additional irrigation with amino acid solution. Preferably the amino acid solution has an amino acid content of over 10 %by weight.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a novel technique for the removal of esophageal lesions or polyps with high-risk features. ESD is minimally invasive and allows the removal of esophageal polyps without resorting to morbid surgery. The process of ESD includes marking the lesions selected for removal, followed by submucosal injection of a lifting agent, then circumferential incisions using a specialized knife followed by submucosal dissection of the entire lesion.

Traditionally, knifes utilizing monopolar current were the preferred tools for endoscopic submucosal dissection. These knifes allow accurate dissection and excellent hemostasis. However, due to monopolar current generated heat, post coagulation syndrome can be seen in up to 8 to 40 % of patients. Post coagulation syndrome present with pain, fever and leukocytosis and requires supportive treatment with IV fluid and antibiotics. In addition, for large esophageal lesions, stricturing can occur after resection due to significant scar formation resulting from the tissue healing response to electrocautery. Almost all patients with \>60% of the esophageal circumference removed via monopolar knives, will develop an esophageal stricture at some point. These patients require serial esophageal dilations, and although easily managed, its development can be quite troublesome to the patient. Nevertheless, ESD is still the preferred modality for removal of these lesions since it avoids the need for morbid surgery.

Recently, a novel Bipolar RFA knife was FDA approved for endoscopic submucosal dissection. The low voltage bipolar system allows for precise cutting of submucosa and muscle using substantially less energy, thereby limiting inadvertent remote thermal effects. Additionally, it allows aggressive coagulation of vessels without dissipation of large amounts of energy, thereby allowing more targeted therapy. Moreover, with the addition of an integrated injection needle, the knife now allows injection, safe cutting and coagulation in one device, potentially supporting more efficient dissection. Ultimately, due to less thermal effect on surrounding tissue, the bipolar knife may allow for removal of large esophageal lesions without causing major esophageal stricturing.
Obesity, a prevalent global health issue, arises from an imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure, leading to the expansion of adipose tissue and metabolic dysfunction. White adipose tissue (WAT) stores energy as lipids, while brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a pivotal role in energy dissipation through adaptive thermogenesis. Recent research initiatives have focused on finding strategies to decrease adipogenesis and fat mass accumulation and increase thermogenesis. Finding chemicals with anti-obesity properties would be beneficial. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound abundantly found in the skin of grapes and red wine, possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-obesity properties. This literature review examines the effects of resveratrol on adipocytes in culture and adipose tissue in animal models of obesity. The existing evidence indicates that resveratrol may exert its anti-obesity effects by inhibiting adipogenesis, promoting the apoptosis of mature adipocytes, reducing lipid accumulation, and increasing thermogenesis. Further research utilizing animal and clinical studies is required to understand in detail the anti-obesity potential of resveratrol.
Adults

The acute efficacy of INVEGA ®(3 mg to 12 mg once daily) in the treatment of schizoaffective disorder was established in two placebo-controlled, 6-week trials in non-elderly adult subjects. Enrolled subjects 1) met DSM-IV criteria for schizoaffective disorder, as confirmed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorders, 2) had a Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score of at least 60, and 3) had prominent mood symptoms as confirmed by a score of at least 16 on the Young Mania Rating Scale and/or Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. The population included subjects with schizoaffective bipolar and depressive types. In one of these trials, efficacy was assessed in 211 subjects who received flexible doses of INVEGA ®(3–12 mg once daily). In the other study, efficacy was assessed in 203 subjects who were assigned to one of two dose levels of INVEGA ®: 6 mg with the option to reduce to 3 mg (n=105) or 12 mg with the option to reduce to 9 mg (n=98) once daily. Both studies included subjects who received INVEGA ®either as monotherapy [no mood stabilizers and/or antidepressants (55%)] or as an adjunct to mood stabilizers and/or antidepressants (45%). The most commonly used mood stabilizers were valproate and lithium. The most commonly used antidepressants were SSRIs and SNRIs. INVEGA ®was dosed in the morning without regard to meals. Studies were carried out in the United States, Eastern Europe, Russia, and Asia. 

Efficacy was evaluated using the PANSS, a validated multi-item inventory composed of five factors to evaluate positive symptoms, negative symptoms, disorganized thoughts, uncontrolled hostility/excitement, and anxiety/depression. As secondary outcomes, mood symptoms were evaluated using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D-21) and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS).

The INVEGA ®group in the flexible-dose study (dosed between 3 and 12 mg/day, mean modal dose of 8.6 mg/day) and the higher dose group of INVEGA ®in the 2 dose-level study (12 mg/day with option to reduce to 9 mg/day) were each superior to placebo in the PANSS. Numerical improvements in mood symptoms were also observed, as measured by the HAM-D-21 and YMRS. In the lower dose group of the 2 dose-level study (6 mg/day with option to reduce to 3 mg/day), INVEGA ®was not significantly different from placebo as measured by the PANSS. 

Taking the results of both studies together, INVEGA ®improved the symptoms of schizoaffective disorder at endpoint relative to placebo when administered either as monotherapy or as an adjunct to mood stabilizers and/or antidepressants. An examination of population subgroups did not reveal any evidence of differential responsiveness on the basis of gender, age, or geographic region. There were insufficient data to explore differential effects based on race.
BACKGROUND: The internal anatomy of the liver is extremely complex. Laparoscopic anatomical segmentectomy requires reference to the position and alignment of intrahepatic vascular. However, the surface of the liver lacks anatomical landmarks and the liver segment boundaries cannot be identified with the naked eye. Augmented reality navigation (ARN) and indocyanine green fluorescence imaging (FI) are emerging navigation tools in liver resection. This study aimed to explore the efficacy and application value of laparoscopic anatomical segmentectomy guided by ARN combined with indocyanine green FI.
STUDY DESIGN: Ninety-eight patients who were diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma and underwent laparoscopic anatomical segmentectomy from January 2018 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into the ARN-FI group (45 patients) and the non-ARN-FI group (53 patients) based on whether ARN combined with FI was applied during the operation. The differences in intraoperative and postoperative outcomes were compared.
RESULTS: There was no significant difference in preoperative baseline data and postoperative complication rates between the 2 groups. Compared with the non-ARN-FI group, the ARN-FI group had much lower intraoperative blood loss (100 vs 200 mL, p = 0.005) and a lower incidence of remnant liver ischemia (13.3% vs 30.2%, p = 0.046). The 1- and 3-year disease-free survival rates in the ARN-FI and non-ARN-FI groups were 91.01% vs 71.15% and 70.01% vs 52.46%, respectively; the differences between the 2 groups were statistically significant (p = 0.047).
CONCLUSIONS: The ARN-FI technology provides a more standardized approach for liver parenchyma section during laparoscopic liver resection, effectively minimizing intraoperative blood loss, reducing postoperative remnant liver ischemia, and improving oncological prognosis. This method is safe and feasible and has good clinical application prospects.
This is a controlled trial of 30 days duration to evaluate the efficacy of an Sequential Contraction Compression Device (SCCD) on the symptomatology of Painful Diabetic Neuropathy. Subjects will have to have been on a sustained drug regimen for more than 30 days and have an average pain level of 4 on a VAS. Subjects will be divided into a control group where they will be monitored while continuing with their current treatment regimen and into a treatment group where they will continue with their current regimen and have SCCD therapy added. Patients will be asked to use the SCCD device daily on both their legs. Subjects will be evaluated for Subjective Pain levels using a Visual Analog Scale, quality of life using various questionnaires, breakthrough drug use in a daily log, sleep levels i.e. how many consecutive hours of sleep, and objectively with a Quantitative Sensory Testing device.
PURPOSE:To obtain an additive for a pharmaceutical preparation, composed of a trehalose, readily soluble in water, capable of providing a colorless, transparent and low-viscosity aqueous solution and manifesting good fluidity and low reactivity and excellent in mixability, granulating properties, compression moldability and feeling of administration without causing a change in blending. CONSTITUTION:This additive for formulating a pharmaceutical preparation is obtained by using a trehalose as an excipient, mixing the trehalose with hydroxypropyl cellulose and corn starch and granulating or spray-drying the resultant mixture. Otherwise, powder of 1,6-dihydro-2-{2-(2-methylpropoxy)anilino}-6-oxo-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid which is a sparingly water-soluble compound having antiallergic and antiulcer action as a medicinal ingredient is added to the trehalose, hydroxypropyl cellulose and corn starch and the obtained mixture is charged into a fluidized granulating coater. A solvent is sprayed thereon while fluidizing the mixture in air at 55 deg.C inlet temperature to dry the prepared granulated material. The prepared dried granulated material is directly tableted to provide the pharmaceutical preparation such as a tablet. The additive is readily soluble in water, capable of providing a colorless, transparent and low-viscosity aqueous solution and feeling of administration with slight sweetness and excellent in mixability, granulating properties, compression moldability and fluidity.
Peripheral nerve block (PNB) usage in plastic surgery is associated with reduction in post-operative opioid consumption and pain demonstrating benefits in breast reconstruction (BR). This retrospective study explored whether racial-ethnic disparities exist with PNB use for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing BR. Using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database, women who underwent BR from 2012-2021 and received "regional" in addition to general anesthesia were included in the study. Patients without race and ethnicity data and who received other additional anesthesia were excluded. Unweighted rates of PNB use were compared between racial-ethnic groups and BR modality. Multivariate logistic regression assessed whether race and ethnicity were independently associated with receiving PNBs. A total of 25,188 patients underwent BR and 9429 patients (37.4%) received PNB for postoperative analgesia. Patient demographics reached statistical, but not clinical, significance in age and BMI. Comorbidities were not significantly different between groups. Black patients were less likely to receive PNBs (p < 0.001), while Asian and Other patients were more likely to receive PNBs compared to White patients (p < 0.001). Black patients were less likely to receive PNB in immediate implant-based and autologous BR, as well as delayed autologous (p < 0.05). Asian patients were more likely to receive PNB for all implant-based BR compared to White patients (p < 0.001). Ethnicity had no significant impact on receipt of PNB. As a conclusion, racial disparity exists in use of PNBs for postoperative analgesia in BR. Equitable access to PNBs should be championed to not augment baseline racial disparity in BR.
Introduction: cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the major contributor to the global burden of non-communicable diseases, one third of all global death being attributed to CVD. Childhood obesity poses a major public health problem and there is increasing evidence that foundation of cardiovascular diseases lays early in life in obese children. There is therefore an urgent need to identify effective prevention strategies. Physical activity is recognized as major determinants of cardiovascular health in adults and adolescents however, little is known in young children. The main purpose of this project is to investigate the effects of a 3-month exercise training program on arterial function and cardiovascular diseases risk factors in obese and lean children.

Methods: This is a randomized controlled trial including 4 groups of pre-pubertal children aged 6 to 11 years old: 1) obese exercise, 2) obese control, 3) lean exercise, and 4) lean control. The exercise groups engage in aerobic exercise training three 60-minute sessions per week for 12 weeks, in addition of school physical education. Training sessions consist of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (walking, running, games, swimming), followed by strength training and stretching. Controls are relatively inactive. After the 3-month intervention, the obese control group engages in an identical 12-week exercise program and the obese exercise group is encouraged to continue for a total of 6 months. Primary measures include: 24-hour ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressure; endothelial function and mechanical indices of the brachial and carotid arteries using a B-mode ultrasound imager; central blood pressure and pulse wave velocity by tonometry of aplanation. Other measures include: body composition, physical activity, cardio-respiratory fitness, nutrition, quality of life, and fasting blood lipids, insulin, glucose, markers of vascular function and inflammation. Testing is performed at baseline, 3, 6 and 24 months in obese children and at baseline and 3 months in lean children.

We hypothesize that exercise training will result in improved arterial function, body composition and markers of the metabolic syndrome in obese children. This information will be used to underpin prevention strategies to reduce CVD risk factors in this high-risk population.
Methods for producing mono-specific immunoglobin Y (IgY) antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are disclosed. IgY antibodies are found in birds and can be isolated from egg yolk of chicken eggs. Hens are immunized with a SARS-CoV-2 spike protein comprising an ACE2 receptor binding domain (RBD). IgY antibodies against the RBD are isolated from eggs laid by the hens. The isolated RBD-IgY antibodies were tested in vitro in mammalian cells, wherein the RBD-IgY blocked SARS-CoV-2 infection of the cells. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the mono-specific IgY antibodies can be used to inhibit or treat COOVID-19, the SARS-CoV-2 infection. IgY antibodies are generally regarded as safe and offer various production and treatment advantages when compared to mammalian antibodies.
The hamstring tendons will be harvested by standard technique and the lengths of the Semitendinosus (ST) and Gracilis (GR) tendons will be measured after clearing all adherent muscle tissue. For 5-strand graft, minimum length of ST and GR in consideration would be 24 cm and 16 cm respectively. For 5-strand group the ST tendon will be be folded twice and sutured on itself to make a three strand graft and then GR tendon will be folded once along with it to make a final 5-strand graft.