anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibits considerable phenotypic heterogeneity, suggesting the potential existence of subtypes. AD is under substantial genetic influence, thus identifying systematic variation in genetic risk may provide insights into disease origins.
OBJECTIVE: We investigated genetic heterogeneity in AD risk through a multi-step analysis.
METHODS: We performed principal component analysis (PCA) on AD-associated variants in the UK Biobank (AD cases = 2,739, controls = 5,478) to assess structured genetic heterogeneity. Subsequently, a biclustering algorithm searched for distinct disease-specific genetic signatures among subsets of cases. Replication tests were conducted using the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset (AD cases = 500, controls = 470). We categorized a separate set of ADNI individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 399) into genetic subtypes and examined cognitive, amyloid, and tau trajectories.
RESULTS: PCA revealed three distinct clusters ("constellations") driven primarily by different correlation patterns in a region of strong LD surrounding the MAPT locus. Constellations contained a mixture of cases and controls, reflecting disease-relevant but not disease-specific structure. We found two disease-specific biclusters among AD cases. Pathway analysis linked bicluster-associated variants to neuron morphogenesis and outgrowth. Disease-relevant and disease-specific structure replicated in ADNI, and bicluster 2 exhibited increased cerebrospinal fluid p-tau and cognitive decline over time.
CONCLUSIONS: This study unveils a hierarchical structure of AD genetic risk. Disease-relevant constellations may represent haplotype structure that does not increase risk directly but may alter the relative importance of other genetic risk factors. Biclusters may represent distinct AD genetic subtypes. This structure is replicable and relates to differential pathological accumulation and cognitive decline over time.
Liver transplantation is the sole therapy for end-stage liver diseases in children and adults. However, use of this life-saving technique is limited due to a severe shortage of donor livers and, consequently, over 1500 patients/year on waiting lists die prior to transplantation due to organ shortages. Also, poor immediate graft function remains a persistent problem especially in recipients of marginal livers, and biliary strictures evolving from reperfusion injury cause prolonged hospital stay, increased health care costs, and increased mortality. Furthermore, hepatic cold storage and reperfusion in transplantation settings cause mitochondrial dysfunction in liver cells, which constitutes a great risk for primary nonfunction and initial poor function after liver transplantation. The tetracycline derivative minocycline is a safe and widely used antibiotic that possesses cytoprotective effects through prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction in a variety of disease models. Recently, we showed that minocycline also protects against graft dysfunction and failure after orthotopic rat liver transplantation and against cell death after ischemia-reperfusion to cultured rat hepatocytes. Minocycline treatment specifically prevented mitochondrial dysfunction and increased graft and animal survival by blocking necrotic and apoptotic death pathways. Clinical studies indicating severe deterioration of mitochondrial function in livers during preservation provide a strong impetus to investigate minocycline as an effective agent to decrease injury and improve graft function after human clinical transplantation.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory, systemic autoimmune disease of the joints . CD4+ T cells are predominant in the synovial tissue with increased number of CD8 effector and memory T cells in synovial fluid and tissue of RA patients . CD8 functions as a dimer; including homodimer CD8αα and heterodimer CD8αβ . CD8αβ is a superior T-cell co-receptor that enhances functional avidity, CD8αα functions as a TCR corepressor to negatively regulate T cell activation . CD8αα T cells are found in human intestine and peripheral blood . CD8αα T cells increased markedly in the lesions of psoriasis where they played a pro-inflammatory role . The lower percentage of CD8αα+ mucosa associated-invariant T (MAIT) cells was found to be associated with MAIT cell dysfunction in gut immunity in necrotizing enterocolitis patients . T cells express the CD8β chain either at a high (CD8βhigh) or low density (CD8βlow ). There was a relative increase in CD8βlow cells in patients with SLE which were associated with an increased disease activity . Double positive (DP) T lymphocytes, include CD4CD8αβhigh and CD4CD8αα T cell subsets in the human blood . DP8α cells decreased in the blood and colonic mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease compared with healthy individuals . CD4CD8αβhigh T cells are present at higher frequencies in some auto-immune diseases . Whether CD8αα or CD8αβ T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of RA, has not been clarified so far. investigators hypothesize that, an alteration in the frequency and distribution of these T cell subsets in RA patients might be associated with disease activity
The prevalence of bacterial infections in hospitals is rising, endangering currently accessible, efficient medical treatments and increasing demand for novel medications. Metal nanoparticles (NPs) are showing promise as materials for the development of treatments and preventative measures. This study investigated the potential of the fungus Aspergillus terreus to produce silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as a means of creating green technology to synthesize NPs. The synthesis parameters were optimized using the central composite design (CCD). The formation of AgNPs by fungal biomass was confirmed by absorption spectroscopy, FTIR, powder XRD, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The antibacterial properties of the AgNPs were tested against three nosocomial drug-sensitive bacterial strains and their drug-resistant variants, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis, and the multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. The prepared AgNPs demonstrated good efficacies against the pathogens studied, and they merit further investigation to find treatments for infections caused by drug-resistant nosocomial pathogens.
AIM: The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the efficacy of the preseptal transconjunctival approach with Y modification of the cutaneous extension for the management of zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures.
METHODS: This prospective interventional study was conducted at our institute from 2012 to 2020. The study included patients aged 15-65 years with displaced ZMC fractures. Patients with uncontrolled systemic conditions, infected and/or comminuted fractures were excluded. The variables evaluated were age, gender, mechanism of injury, fracture side, clinical features, surgical exposure time, adequacy of exposure, complications, scar evaluation scores and cosmetic outcomes. The parameters for comparison were operated versus non operated side Eye Fissure Index (EFI) and surgical exposure time was compared with respect to the types of scars.
RESULTS: A total of 49 patients were included in this study. The average exposure time was 18.87 ± 1.92 min. The exposure of fracture site was excellent in 73.5 % and satisfactory in 26.5 %. The mean EFI of operated side was 34.2 ± 5.04 mm while that of non-operated side was 34.22 ± 5 mm. On comparison of the same there was no significant difference. Invisible scars were noted in 71.4 % and barely visible scars in 22.4 %. The comparison of exposure time with type of scars showed a significant association (p = 0.02). The complications noted were chemosis, lower eyelid edema, conjunctival granuloma and entropion. Cosmetic outcomes were fairly satisfactory.
CONCLUSION: The Y modification of the transconjunctival approach can provide excellent surgical exposure without the need for a second incision. Although this approach is technique sensitive and requires experience, the advantages outweigh the learning curve. Since this approach has been widely studied, a systematized review is recommended to further substantiate its reliability and advantages.
Avelumab + Bempegaldesleukin (NKTR-214) + Talazoparib for treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Phase 2 will focus on enrolling participants with DDR defect positive mCRPC.
Varenicline (pill) and smoking cessation counseling will be provided to participants for 12 weeks with 1 week pre-quit titration. Seven smoking cessation counseling sessions will be given during treatment.
Non-naturally occurring vesicles derived from bacteria, e.g., pathogenic bacteria, methods for making the vesicles, and methods for using compositions of these vesicles are disclosed. Methods of using the vesicles include prevention and/or treatment of bacterial infections. Also provided herein are compositions that include vesicles derived from bacteria and tumor vesicles, methods for making the tumor vesicles, and methods for using the compositions of bacterial vesicles and tumor vesicles. Methods of using the compositions of bacterial vesicles and tumor vesicles include treatment of cancer in a subject. Tumor vesicles may be derived from cancer cells present in the subject to be treated or from a cancer cell line expressing at least one neoantigen. The neoantigen may be specific to the subject and may have been identified by sequencing of cancer cells from the subject. The neoantigen may be a neoantigen known to be commonly expressed in a particular type of cancer.
Participants will receive mixture of daratumumab and rHuPH20 prepared immediately before administration via Subcutaneous (SC) delivery at a dose which will be decided by Study Evaluation Team (SET) once weekly by SC infusion in Cycles 1 and 2, every 2 weeks in Cycles 3-6, and then every 4 weeks in subsequent cycles until disease progression. Also up to three additional optional cohorts (Cohorts 3b, 3c, and 3d) may be enrolled to repeat a dose level of daratumumab.
No anti-tumor drug treatment before surgery. All patients undergoing resection use capecitabine 2500mg/m2 twice a day, stopping for 1 week as a course of treatment, totaling 8 courses.
The genus Citrobacter comprises clinically important human pathogens but has been less frequently associated with wildlife infections. Citrobacter pasteurii was first identified as causing human diarrhea and remains rarely documented. In this study, a Gram-negative bacterial strain, named A318, was identified as causing diarrhea in a black lion tamarin. This strain was biochemically identified as Trabulsiella guamensis, a species of unusual nature, and was submitted to whole-genome characterization. Curiously, phylogenomic analysis showed that A318 strain belonged to the genus Citrobacter, with confirmation of the species C. pasteurii by average nucleotide identity (99.02 %) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (93.80 %) analyzes. Cases of misidentification of C. pasteurii as Citrobacter youngae were detected and corrected in this study. In addition to the genome sequence of the type strain of C. pasteurii, only two others from the Australian cockle and Portuguese silver gull are publicly available. Single nucleotide polymorphism differences among all C. pasteurii indicated a highly diverse population. No acquired antimicrobial resistance genes and plasmid replicons were found. Therefore, our findings emphasize the importance of gold-standard methods for accurate identification and underscores the importance of continued surveillance and research to mitigate the risks posed by zoonotic and zooanthroponotic pathogens.
On the First Visit, A single 20-minute tDCS session will be conducted using 2.0mA current. Using the international 10-20 EEG system, the anode will be placed over F4, which corresponds to the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and the cathode will be placed over F3, which corresponds to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Electrodes will be standard sponge electrodes soaked In a sterile solution of .9% sodium chloride insulated by a latex casing.
Hyaluronidase is an endoglycosidase used to increase the dispersion and absorption of co-administered drugs when administered subcutaneously. It is a glycosylated single-chain protein produced by genetically engineered Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells containing a DNA plasmid encoding for a soluble fragment of human hyaluronidase (PH20). Hyaluronidase has an approximate molecular weight of 61 kDa.

HYLENEX recombinant (hyaluronidase) injection is supplied as a sterile, clear and colorless, nonpreserved, ready-for-use 1 mL solution in a single-dose vial for infiltration use, for interstitial use, for intramuscular use, for intraocular use, for peribulbar use, for retrobulbar use, for soft tissue use, or for subcutaneous use. Each mL contains 150 USP units of hyaluronidase with albumin human (1 mg), dibasic sodium phosphate (1.4 mg), methionine (1.5 mg), polysorbate 80 (0.2 mg), and sodium chloride (8.5 mg). Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide may be added during manufacture to adjust the pH. HYLENEX has an approximate pH of 7.0.
PURPOSE:The titled composition containing Corydalis decumbens and the dried whole plant of Chelidonuim myius L. subsp. ovsiaticum of the family Papaveraceae. CONSTITUTION:Corydalidis decumbens (dried rhizome of Corydalidis decumbens, a plant of the family Papaveraceae or a plant of the same genus) is blended with the dried whole plant of Chelidonuim myius L. subsp. ovsiaticum of the family Papaveraceae in a weight ratio of 1:10-10:1, preferably 1:2-5:1 in a form of fine powder, extract, etc., to give a local anesthetic composition of Chinese and Japanese traditional medicine. Useful preferably as a drug such as antipruritic, etc., soap, hair tonic, bathing agent, etc. The active ingredients are blended with an addition agent such as carrier, excipient, diluent, etc., and in the form of an ointment, plaster, solution, etc. Amounts of the active ingredients are 0.1- 20wt% calculated as fine powder based on a base of ointment, respectively. A dose is 5-20mg/time, 1-8 times daily in remedy for insect bites.
FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to synthetic cytoskeleton-active compounds which are from the family of natural latrunculin A or latrunculin B and have structural formulae ^ and described in the formula of invention. Present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing said compounds and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The invention also pertains to a method of preventing or treating diseases and conditions associated with actin polymerisation. In one embodiment of the invention, high intraocular pressure, such as during primary open angle glaucoma, is treated using the method. The method involves administering a therapeutically effective amount of the cytoskeleton-active compound of formula I or II to a subject, where the said amount is sufficient for acting on a cytoskeleton, for example through actin polymerisation inhibition. ^ EFFECT: compounds are highly effective. ^ 16 cl, 75 ex
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a medical information system, a medical information processor and a program capable of simplifying the input of clinical path information.  <P>SOLUTION: This medical information system S is provided with a medical information processor 1 and an inspection device 2. The inspection device 2 acts to input the execution result (inspection result of inspection) of a medical act included in clinical path information 112a to the medical information processor 1. The medical information processor 1 is provided with a storage part 11 for storing electronic medical chart information 111a and clinical path information 112a. Also, an information processing part 12 of the medical information processor 1 acts to add an execution finish mark M1 showing that the medical act has been executed to clinical path information 112a when the execution result of the medical act is input from the inspection device 2, and to add the execution result of the medical act to the electronic medical chart information 111a.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
BACKGROUND: The rise in the aging population highlights the need to address cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. Intermittent hypoxia (IH) protocols show promise in enhancing cognitive abilities and brain health.
OBJECTIVE: This review evaluates IH protocols' benefits on cognition and brain health in older adults, regardless of cognitive status.
METHODS: A systematic search following PRISMA guidelines was conducted across four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) and two registers, covering records from inception to May 2024 (PROSPERO: CRD42023462177). Inclusion criteria were: 1) original research with quantitative details; 2) studies involving older adults, with or without cognitive impairment; 3) studies including IH protocols; 4) articles analyzing cognition and brain health in older adults.
RESULTS: Seven studies and five registered trials met the criteria. Findings indicate that Intermittent Hypoxia Training (IHT) and Intermittent Hypoxia-Hyperoxia Training (IHHT) improved cognitive functions and brain health. Intermittent Hypoxic Exposure (IHE) improved cerebral tissue oxygen saturation, middle cerebral arterial flow velocity, and cerebral vascular conductance, particularly in cognitively impaired populations. IHT and IHHT had no significant effect on BDNF levels. There is a lack of studies on IHHE in older adults with and without cognitive impairment.
CONCLUSIONS: IH protocols may benefit cognition regardless of cognitive status. IHT and IHE positively affect cerebral outcomes, with all protocols having limited effects on BDNF levels. Future research should standardize IH protocols, investigate long-term cognitive effects, and explore neuroprotective biomarkers. Combining these protocols with physical exercise across diverse populations could refine interventions and guide targeted therapeutic strategies.
All products will display an expanded Guiding Stars label that shows an overall rating indicating their healthfulness using star ratings: 1 star ("Poor"), 2 stars ("Fair"), 3 stars ("Good"), 4 stars ("Better"), or 5 stars ("Best"). The Guiding Stars rating system uses a patented algorithm to rate foods based on their nutrients and ingredients per 100-calorie serving of the food. Products that display 1-, 2-, or 3-star labels in the Positive Labels arm will display 3-, 4-, or 5-star labels, respectively, in the Spectrum Labels arm. The remaining products that do not earn stars in the Positive Labels arm will be divided in half based on their underlying Guiding Stars scores; the bottom half of these products will display 1-star labels and the top half of these products will display 2-star labels.
INTRODUCTION: Mandibular osteosarcoma (MOS) is a rare malignant bone tumour known for its rapid and aggressive behaviour, particularly in cases of relapse. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment.
CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 48-year-old woman with recurrent MOS. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was utilized for diagnosis, facilitating prompt and appropriate treatment. The FNAC technique proved essential in confirming the diagnosis quickly, allowing for timely intervention.
CONCLUSION: This case underscores the importance of FNAC in diagnosing MOS, especially in relapse situations where swift treatment is critical. FNAC can be a valuable tool in ensuring rapid and accurate diagnosis, leading to better patient outcomes.
Patients undergo SPECT/CT with stress test and echocardiogram with strain before RT, 6-8 weeks and 12 months after completion of RT. Patients also participate in 6 MWT before RT, 2-3 and 6-7 weeks during RT, then 6-8 weeks, 4-6 months and 12 months after completion of RT. Patients undergo blood sample collection and complete questionnaires over 3-5 minutes before RT, 2-3, 4-5, 6-7 weeks after the initiation of RT, then at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after completion of RT.
After collecting the first sample of dentin, the cavity will be disinfected using 2% Chlorhexidine (Consepsis®, Ultradent) for 20 seconds (32). Then a 2nd dentinal sample will be collected after chemical disinfection.
The present disclosure provides human lipocalin muteins that bind CD137 and can be used in pharmaceutical applications, for example, as anti-cancer agents and/or immune modulators for the treatment or prevention of human diseases such as cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmune diseases. The present disclosure also concerns methods of making CD137 binding lipocalin muteins described herein as well as compositions comprising such lipocalin muteins. The present disclosure further relates to nucleic acid molecules encoding such lipocalin muteins and to methods for generation of such lipocalin muteins and nucleic acid molecules. In addition, the application discloses therapeutic and/or diagnostic uses of these lipocalin muteins as well as compositions comprising one or more of such lipocalin muteins. In a particular embodiment the lipocalin muteins interfere with the binding of CD137L to CD137 (competitive binding) and reduce production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In a particular embodiment the lipocalin muteins do not interfere with the binding of CD137L to CD137 (non-competitive binding) and induce T lymphocyte proliferation, IL-2 production and IFN-y production.
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to externally validate a predictive score for fracture-related infections, establishing generalizability for absolute and relative risk of infection in the setting of orthopedic fracture surgery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective, case-control study performed at a level I academic trauma center that included 147 patients with fracture-related infection in the study group and 300 control patients. We analyzed the same 8 independent predictors of fracture-related infection cited by a previous study. We then used the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) to compare the derivation and validation cohorts. The validation and derivation cohorts were then compared by grouping patients into 4 strata of Wise score groups. This allowed for comparison of AUC and risk of fracture-related infection in our institution with those in the previously studied institution.
RESULTS: The resulting data yielded an AUC (0.74) nearly identical to that of the previously studied institution. It was also found that the relative risk of infection correlated with the Wise score in the same way the initial model did with the absolute risks being similar.
CONCLUSION: The previous predictive model was externally validated and shown to be generalizable to a different patient population. The relative risk of a fracture-related infection can be determined using this scoring model preoperatively with the goal of aiding in patient counseling and surgical decision-making, giving a quantitative value to patient risk factors. [Orthopedics. 2024;47(5):e268-e272.].