anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is a rare sexual development disorder. It is even more rarely associated with transverse testicular ectopia (TTE), a rare form of testicular ectopia, in which both testes descend through a single inguinal canal and are present in the same hemiscrotum. PMDS with TTE is associated with 18%-33% malignant transformation. Here we report the case of a 48-year-old man who presented with a large right inguinoscrotal swelling and on evaluation was found to have a large right testicular mass with complete right inguinal hernia, undescended left testis and a central abdominal mass. On evaluation with contrast-enhanced computed tomography abdomen and pelvis and image-guided biopsy he was diagnosed with mixed germ cell tumour of the right testis (predominantly a seminoma) with a retroperitoneal nodal mass and absent left testis, for which he received chemotherapy. Post-chemotherapy he underwent surgery and was diagnosed intraoperatively with PMDS along with TTE and testicular malignancy arising from the ectopic left testis. Postoperative recovery and follow-up were uneventful. Most cases of PMDS are diagnosed early in life. They present clinically with unilateral or bilateral undescended testis with inguinal hernia. In adults, PMDS is usually associated with male infertility. However, TTE is associated with an increased risk of testicular tumours if undiagnosed until adulthood. In adults PMDS with TTE is usually an intraoperative finding and is commonly associated with malignancy in the ectopic/undescended testis.
The first assessment indicated that improving dietary intake, either energy or micronutrient intakes, to meet the recommended for HIV-infected children (CLHIV) would be able to improve growth of these children. We implemented the nutrition support program through the two strategies aiming to increase dietary intake for all children to meet the current World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations which the recommended energy requirements are increased by10% for asymptomatic CLHIV and increased by 20 to 50% for children who require catch up growth or experiencing opportunistic infections. The nutrition support program composed two strategies. Firstly is providing nutrition education to caregivers and also children. Secondly, revision food menus by caregivers with assisting from the nutritionists of the project. After this program have been implemented for 6 months, reassessment is needed to evaluate the changes of nutritional status and health outcomes in this children aiming to further providing support and applying to other settings.
A capsule of, for instance, hard gelatin for holding a substance such as medicine, food supplements or similar materials includes a capsule body having a closed and an opposed open end with a predetermined length defined between the ends. A diaphragm having a closed end and an opposed open end and a predetermined length there between seals off the body and provides a first compartment to hold a first medicine, food supplement, etc. A cap is applied to the body as is conventional in capsules. The space between the inner portion of the cap and the diaphragm defines a second compartment for holding a second medicine, food supplement, etc. The contents of each compartment may be wet or dry (e.g., powder or liquid.) This two-compartment capsule has particular relationships between the length along an axis of the capsule of the diaphragm to that of the body, and particular dimensional parameters relating to the sidewall contact seal between the outer portion of the diaphragm and the inner wall of the body, to provide adequate capsule sealing and stability during and after manufacture.
The invention discloses a gene related to prostate cancer (PCa) and application thereof, wherein the gene is an orphan G protein coupled receptor GPR160 gene. GPR160 is highly expressed in PCa tissues, and the growth of PCa cells can be obviously inhibited by reducing the expression of GPR160, so that GPR160 can be used as a target for preventing or treating PCa. The invention provides a method for clinical diagnosis and drug screening by taking GPR160 as a target. The invention also provides methods of inhibiting tumor cell proliferation (e.g., PCa cells) by contacting tumor cells with SiRNA compositions of GPR 160. The invention also relates to products developed using the methods, including but not limited to nucleic acid sequences and vectors, diagnostic reagents, antibodies, chemical antagonists, and compositions comprising the same. The invention also provides methods for preventing and treating cancer, particularly PCa.
The matrix protein, M1, of influenza virus strain A/PR/8/34 has been purified from virions and crystallized. The crystals consist of a stable fragment (18 Kd) of the M1 protein. X-ray diffraction studies indicated that the crystals have a space group of P3t21 or P3221. Vm calculations showed that there are two monomers in an asymmetric unit. A crystallized N-terminal domain of M1, wherein the N-terminal domain of M1 is crystallized such that the three dimensional structure of the crystallized N-terminal domain of M1 can be determined to a resolution of about 2.1  ANGSTROM  or better, and wherein the three dimensional structure of the uncrystallized N-terminal domain of M1 cannot be determined to a resolution of about 2.1  ANGSTROM  or better. A method of purifying M1 and a method of crystallizing M1. A method of using the three-dimensional crystal structure of M1 to screen for antiviral, influenza virus treating or preventing compounds. A method of using the three-dimensional crystal structure of M1 to screen for improved binding to or inhibition of influenza virus M1. The use of the three-dimensional crystal structure of the M1 protein of influenza virus in the manufacture of an inhibitor of influenza virus M1. The use of the three-dimensional crystal structure of the M1 protein of influenza virus in the screening of candidates for inhibition of influenza virus M1.
Germline genetic context may play a significant role in the development and evolution of cancer, particularly in childhood cancers such as neuroblastoma. This study investigates the role of putatively functional germline variants in neuroblastoma, even if they do not directly increase disease risk. Our whole-exome sequencing analysis of 125 patients with neuroblastoma reveals a positive correlation between germline variant burden and somatic mutations. Moreover, patients with higher germline variant burden exhibit worse outcomes. Similar findings are observed in the independent neuroblastoma cohort where a higher germline variant burden correlates with a higher somatic mutational burden and a worse overall survival outcome. However, contrasting results emerge in adult-onset cancer, emphasizing the importance of germline genetics in neuroblastoma. The enrichment of putatively functional germline variants in cancer predisposition genes is borderline significant when compared to healthy populations (P = 0.077; Odds Ratio, 1.45; 95% confidence intervals, 0.94-2.21) and significantly more pronounced against adult-onset cancers (P = 0.016; Odds Ratio, 2.13; 95% confidence intervals, 1.10-3.91). Additionally, the presence of these variants proves to have prognostic significance in neuroblastoma (log-rank P < 0.001), and combining germline with clinical risk factors notably improves survival predictions.
People with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension have pressures in one or both of their eye(s) that are too high for them.

High pressure in the eye may damage the optic nerve. This may lead to loss of vision and possible blindness. There generally are few symptoms that you can feel to tell you whether you have high pressure within your eye. Your doctor needs to examine your eyes to determine this. If you have high pressure in your eye, you will need your pressure checked and your eyes examined regularly.
With the emergence of COVID-19, there is an increased focus in human literature on cytokine production, the implications of cytokine overproduction, and the development of novel cytokine-targeting therapies for use during sepsis. In addition to viral infections such as COVID-19, bacterial infections resulting in exposure to endotoxins and exotoxins in humans can also lead to sepsis, resulting in organ failure and death. Like humans, horses are exquisitely sensitive to endotoxin and are among the veterinary species that develop clinical sepsis similar to humans. These similarities suggest that horses may serve as a naturally occurring model of human sepsis. Indeed, evidence shows that both species experience cytokine dysregulation, severe neutropenia, the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps, and decreased perfusion parameters during sepsis. Sepsis treatments that target cytokines in both species include hemoperfusion therapy, steroids, antioxidants, and immunomodulation therapy. This review will present the shared cytokine physiology across humans and horses as well as historical and updated perspectives on cytokine-targeting therapy. Finally, this review will discuss the potential benefits of increased knowledge of equine cytokine mechanisms and their potential positive impact on human medicine.
A system and method for managing inventory of blood component collection soft goods and for preventing the use of quarantined soft goods are provided. The system comprises a blood collection instrument (20a), system computer (34), and a data interface. The blood component collection intruments collects a blood components from the donor. The system computer is connected to collection instruments and runs a collection application for at least a portion of the collection process. The system computer is in data communication with a system database (62) that has blood collection soft good inventory. The interface is connected to the system computer, and has a quarantine field for indication that a portion of the soft good inventory is quarantined.
Ischemic stroke, accounting for 80 % of all strokes, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, effective and safe pharmacotherapy options for ischemic injury are limited. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of wogonoside, a compound derived from Radix Scutellariae, on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The results showed that wogonoside treatment had significant therapeutic effects in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion. It effectively reduced mortality rates, neurological deficits, cerebral infarct size, and brain water content. In an in vitro model using PC12 cells, wogonoside activated the Nrf2/Sirt3 signaling pathway. This activation contributed to the attenuation of oxidative damage and inflammation. Metabolomics analysis revealed increased levels of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutathione in response to wogonoside treatment, suggesting their potential as therapeutic biomarkers for ischemic stroke. Additionally, wogonoside restored perturbed energy metabolism, including the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Wogonoside has the potential to ameliorate cerebral ischemic injury by targeting GABA-related amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and glutathione metabolism, maintaining redox homeostasis, and attenuating oxidative stress. These findings provide valuable insights into the protective mechanisms of wogonoside in cerebral I/R injury and highlight the promising therapeutic approach of wogonoside in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
Preliminary evidence suggests that consumption of avocados can modulate body weight, food intake and markers of metabolic syndrome and may reduce visceral adiposity. Visceral adipose tissue is positively correlated with risk of cardiometabolic syndrome that predisposes to cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The Habitual Diet and Avocado Trial (HAT) aims to investigate an impactful outcome (visceral fat reduction) in a relevant population (Americans with an increased weight circumference) with a reasonable lifestyle modification (consumption of 1 avocado per day). HAT will evaluate the effect of providing one avocado per day for consumption over a 6 month period on established health parameters, including visceral adiposity, hepatic lipid content, markers of metabolic syndrome and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) when compared to a habitual diet. Blood specimens will be drawn and analyzed for fasting total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C, glucose, insulin, hsCRP and RBC fatty acid profiles. Two non-contrast MRIs will be performed (at screening to assess eligibility and final participant visit 8 for randomized participants) to assess the volume of visceral adipose tissue and hepatic fat fraction. Four 24-hour dietary recalls will be conducted for study participants to capture dietary intake data. Questionnaires include the following: health and demographic including eating habits and physical activity; diet, food and avocado satisfaction (intervention group only); quality of life; and quality of sleep.
Placebo tablets. Intervention: 30 placebo tablets were given after the mechanical debridement of implants with mucositis and periimplantitis.
The invention relates to a Chinese materia medica preparation for treating gout and a preparation method thereof. The Chinese materia medica preparation is prepared by natural Chinese herbal medicines, and the Chinese materia medica preparation is prepared by plantain herb, radish and folium mori in proportion in part by weight. Dosage forms of the Chinese materia medica preparation comprise an oral solution, a tablet, a capsule, granules and the like. The Chinese materia medica preparation has effects of clearing heat and expelling damp, conducting diuresis and discharges poison, activating meridians to stop pain and conducting detumescence, is obvious in treatment effects, is small in side effect on human body and the like. The Chinese materia medica preparation can obviously reduce urico acid, quicken urico acid discharge and achieve double effects of treating and preventing gout. The preparation is simple in ingredient, practical and low in medicine price, is a good formula to treat and prevent the gout, and can be widely popularized and applied.
BACKGROUND: Taurine is one of the most abundant amino acids in humans. Low taurine levels are associated with cellular senescence, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage, and inflammation in mouse, all of which can be reversed by supplementation. It is unknown whether taurine metabolism is associated with kidney allograft function and survival.
METHODS: We performed urine metabolomic profiling of kidney transplant recipients in the early and late phases after transplantation combined with transcriptomic analysis of human kidney allografts. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing data sets of mouse kidneys after ischemia-reperfusion injury were analyzed. We analyzed the association of urinary taurine levels and taurine metabolism genes with kidney function, histology, and graft survival.
RESULTS: Urine taurine concentrations were significantly lower in kidney transplant recipients who experienced delayed graft function. In a mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion injury, the taurine biosynthesis gene, CSAD , but not the taurine transporter SLC6A6 , was repressed. In the late stage of transplantation, low level of taurine in urine was associated with impaired kidney function and chronic structural changes. Urine taurine level in the lowest tertile was predictive of graft loss. Expression of the taurine transporter SLC6A6 in the upper median, but not CSAD , was associated with chronic kidney injury and was predictive of graft loss.
CONCLUSIONS: Low urine taurine level is a marker of injury in the kidney allograft, is associated with poor kidney function, is associated with chronic histological changes, and is predictive of graft survival. The differential expression of CSAD and SLC6A6 , depending on the time after transplantation and marks of injury, highlights different mechanisms affecting taurine metabolism.
One of the most common types of endocrine cancer, especially in young women, is thyroid cancer. More than 90% of all thyroid cancers are differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC), including papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and follicular cancer. Papillary thyroid cancer is considered as indolent tumour as progression free survival is 10 years of 98%. As per current knowledge and basing on current literature most of the PTC are considered to be low incidence of recurrence or metastasis, however, there are more invasive/aggressive types with very specific pathological and molecular characteristics. The aggressive variants of PTC were strictly associated with higher rates of extrathyroid extension, multifocality, and nodal and distant metastasis. Thyroidectomy followed by radioactive iodine 131 (131I) therapy, in higher stages of PTC disease to ablate residual thyroid cancer or treat metastases, significantly increase survival Metformin (1,1-dimethylbiguanide) is an oral antihyperglycemic drug. Orally administered metformin is absorbed into the blood in 40-60% of the drug dose. Maximum blood levels are reached after approximately 2.5 hours for the immediate-release formulation and 7 hours for the prolonged-release tablets. It is not metabolised in the liver, however, it is excreted unchanged by the kidneys, mainly through the renal tubules. Metformin is used in patients with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes as well as in insulin resistant state and in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Metformin works by lowering level of glucose in the blood by lowering its production by the liver and increasing the sensitivity to insulin by muscle and fat tissue. It also has a beneficial effect on serum lipids by reducing the concentration of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL. Additionally, this drug has also several other biological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, otoprotective, radioprotective and radio-sensitising.

Currently there is also a large evidential material for effectiveness of metformin therapy in re-establishing of reproductive functions and fertility in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Having proved the metformin restore of ovulation in PCOS and has antioxidant properties there are indications that metformin can be a therapy which will helps to maintain ovary follicle number on acceptable level. At present, there are no performed studies concerned on the evaluation of the potential beneficial effect of metformin application impact on fertility parameters in the group of women treated with 131I. Therefore, the proposed study will assess the effect of metformin intervention on the indirect parameters of fertility of women treated with 131I for papillary thyroid cancer
Sleep problems have a significant detrimental impact on physical health, development, and functioning and are commonly experienced co-morbidly with other mental health problems. Therefore, many adolescents who are attending mental health services, also experience significant sleep disturbances. However, sleep problems are rarely addressed within mental health services due to lack of awareness of the importance of sleep and/or training in effective treatments. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is the recommended approach for treating insomnia in both adult and adolescent populations. Despite this, there has been limited research investigating the delivery of CBT-I interventions to adolescents with co-morbid mental health problems, and to our knowledge, no such studies exist within the Scottish context. The Strathclyde Sleep Intervention incorporates CBT-I components to improve adolescent sleep. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of the intervention for adolescents attending mental health services. Staff within the service will receive training to deliver the Strathclyde Sleep Intervention to adolescents with co-morbid mental health and sleep problems. The following feasibility benchmarks will be assessed: recruitment and retention, participant attendance, facilitator training, intervention fidelity and participant adherence. Acceptability will be measured via qualitative interviews with participants and staff. Baseline, post-intervention, and follow-up assessments will be conducted to assess preliminary effectiveness of the intervention for improving sleep and mental health. This research is necessary to inform future trials of the Strathclyde Sleep Intervention and to support its wider implementation within services.
Intermittent fasting (IF), including alternate day fasting (ADF) and time-restricted feeding (TRF) or, in humans, time-restricted eating (TRE), has been associated with the prevention and improvement of diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This review summarizes 20 animal and human studies on the influence of IF on intestinal inflammation. In the animal studies, TRF and ADF improved histological scores, inflammatory markers, markers of oxidative stress, and microbiota composition. Apart from the studies on Ramadan fasting, there are no studies on IF in IBD patients, so human studies on IF in healthy people were included. The studies on Ramadan fasting showed almost no effects, but this particular type of fasting is not directly comparable to TRE or ADF. However, TRE and ADF appear to have anti-inflammatory effects in healthy individuals, as they significantly reduce CRP levels and inflammatory markers. TRE also improved the composition of microbiota and the circadian oscillation of clock genes. The beneficial effects of TRE and ADF in healthy people appear to depend on the number of uninterrupted days of fasting, while in animal studies improvements in colitis have been observed regardless of the duration of fasting.
To develop a biophysical model the investigators will recruit patients based on their known histopathology diagnoses, from each of 6 skin-cancer categories: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, atypical nevus, actinic keratosis, and benign skin. Patients with non-cancer diagnosis such as psoriasis, eczema / dermatitis, lichen planus or lupus will also be recruited. Recruitment will include 5 patients from each of these categories, giving a total of 20 patients. Measurements for the biophysical models are conducted on skin tissues that have been excised from the patients. Furthermore, these skin tissues are excised tissues that under standard screening procedure will be biopsied by the dermatologist. Therefore, patients are not undergoing extra \& unnecessary biopsies, and will not be exposed to any risk involved with the microspectroscopy measurements.

To determine the diagnostic accuracy of MMS, MMS data will be collected from six clinical groups, each with a preoperative diagnosis: 1) malignant melanoma (MM), 2) basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 3) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 4) pre-cancerous lesions (AK), 5) benign or atypical nevi, or 6) other lesions or conditions (rare skin cancers such as merkel cell carcinoma, and inflammatory conditions such as psoriasis). The aim is to collect MMS data from a minimum of 240 patients (40 patients for each of the 6 groups), which will be split to training and validation datasets. Since several biopsies are required to diagnose a single skin cancer, it is anticipated that the actual number of pre-cancerous, benign and inflammatory lesions sampled will be much higher than our target total of 240, to be around 300. We will also collect data from non-skin cancer skin conditions: 1) psoriasis, 2) eczema / dermatitis, 3) lichen planus and 4) lupus. For the non-skin-cancer part of the study, we will enroll 20 patients from each of the categories, with a total target of 80 patients.