anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE: To obtain a pseudo-capsule-like drug covered with gelatin in more than two levels of thicknesses by dipping separately one end of drug, and giving more viscous or double layered gelatin coating on the other end to give a capsule-like joint. CONSTITUTION: A couplet 16 having a first and a second end 110 and 104 is inserted by the inserting means 20 into a couplet groove 106, exposing the second end 104. Gelatinous coating is given to the exposed second end 104 of the couplet by a first coating means 28. The half-coated couplet is dried by first drying means 30 and 32, to form the second end 104. The couplet 16 is translocated in the couplet groove 106 by using a transfer means 12, aligning means 18 and a second holding means 15, to expose the first end 110. The couplet 16 is coated on the first end 110 with a gelatinous material by a second coating means 38, dried by second drying means 34 and 36, to form a dried couplet coating with gelatin.
BACKGROUND: Pleural infections related to indwelling pleural catheters (IPCs) are an uncommon clinical problem. However, management decisions can be complex for patients with active malignancies due to their comorbidities and limited life expectancies. There are limited studies on the management of IPC-related infections, including whether to remove the IPC or use intrapleural fibrinolytics.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with active malignancies and IPC-related empyemas at our institution between January 1, 2005 and May 31, 2021. The primary outcome was to evaluate clinical outcomes in patients with malignant pleural effusions and IPC-related empyemas treated with intrapleural tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and deoxyribonuclease (DNase) compared with those treated with tPA alone or no intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy. The secondary outcome evaluated was the incidence of bleeding complications.
RESULTS: We identified 69 patients with a malignant pleural effusion and an IPC-related empyema. Twenty patients received tPA/DNase, 9 received tPA alone, and 40 were managed without fibrinolytics. Those treated with fibrinolytics were more likely to have their IPCs removed as part of the initial management strategy ( P =0.004). The rate of surgical intervention and mortality attributable to the empyema were not significantly different between treatment groups. There were no bleeding events in any group.
CONCLUSION: In patients with IPC-related empyemas, we did not find significant differences in the rates of surgical intervention, empyema-related mortality, or bleeding complications in those treated with intrapleural tPA/DNase, tPA alone, or no fibrinolytics. More patients who received intrapleural fibrinolytics had their IPCs removed, which may have been due to selection bias.
The subjects are examined during the screening period (D-14 to D-2) and those who are qualified for the preliminary assessment are admitted to the clinical research center after qualification against the inclusion and exclusion criteria (D-2). After admission, they are trained on medication, urine and feces collection and other procedures to make sure that they can perform relevant operations according to the requirements of the protocol and corresponding operation manuals or procedures. Random urine and feces specimens (-24 h-0 h) are collected before dosing (D-1) and the subjects are deprived of food for at least 10 h and water for 1 h before dosing. On the morning of the first day of the study (D1), blood specimens are collected within 1 h before dosing, and the investigational product is taken orally on an empty stomach. The subjects are deprived of food for 4 h and water for 1 h after dosing. All urine and feces specimens excreted within the specified time intervals of 0-240 h and blood specimens sampled at specified time points within 0-168 h after dosing are collected. Phased testing is adopted in this study to determine whether specimen collection may be terminated in advance or the collection time needs to be prolonged based on the test results. If the specimen collection time exceeds that tentatively specified in the protocol, the collection should be extended at an interval of 24 h (urine, feces) or an integer multiple interval of 24 h (blood specimen) until the criteria for termination of specimen collection specified in the protocol are met. Meanwhile, the safety monitoring is continued until the completion date of the specimen collection.
Before implementation, some participants will complete usability testing of the interface in the electronic health record and MammoScreen. Participants undergo training sessions over 20 minutes and participate in interviews over 30 minutes at baseline, prior to MammoScreen launch. Clinical staff also participate in interviews over 30 minutes after MammoScreen launch during years 2-4. Participants complete surveys during the maintenance phase, about six months after the last reminders are sent.
SERIOUS INFECTIONS

Patients treated with adalimumab products, including Adalimumab-adbm, are at increased risk for developing serious infections that may lead to hospitalization or death [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. Most patients who developed these infections were taking concomitant immunosuppressants such as methotrexate or corticosteroids.

Discontinue Adalimumab-adbm if a patient develops a serious infection or sepsis.

Reported infections include:

  * Active tuberculosis (TB), including reactivation of latent TB. Patients with TB have frequently presented with disseminated or extrapulmonary disease. Test patients for latent TB before Adalimumab-adbm use and during therapy. Initiate treatment for latent TB prior to Adalimumab-adbm use.
  * Invasive fungal infections, including histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, candidiasis, aspergillosis, blastomycosis, and pneumocystosis. Patients with histoplasmosis or other invasive fungal infections may present with disseminated, rather than localized, disease. Antigen and antibody testing for histoplasmosis may be negative in some patients with active infection. Consider empiric anti-fungal therapy in patients at risk for invasive fungal infections who develop severe systemic illness.
  * Bacterial, viral and other infections due to opportunistic pathogens, including Legionella and Listeria.



Carefully consider the risks and benefits of treatment with Adalimumab-adbm prior to initiating therapy in patients with chronic or recurrent infection.

Monitor patients closely for the development of signs and symptoms of infection during and after treatment with Adalimumab-adbm, including the possible development of TB in patients who tested negative for latent TB infection prior to initiating therapy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

MALIGNANCY

Lymphoma and other malignancies, some fatal, have been reported in children and adolescent patients treated with TNF blockers including adalimumab products [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. Post-marketing cases of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL), a rare type of T-cell lymphoma, have been reported in patients treated with TNF blockers including adalimumab products. These cases have had a very aggressive disease course and have been fatal. The majority of reported TNF blocker cases have occurred in patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis and the majority were in adolescent and young adult males. Almost all these patients had received treatment with azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) concomitantly with a TNF blocker at or prior to diagnosis. It is uncertain whether the occurrence of HSTCL is related to use of a TNF blocker or a TNF blocker in combination with these other immunosuppressants [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) was developed by Jon Kabat-Zinn in 1979. MBSR is a group-based intervention, typically provided to up to 30 participants, in a class-based format of eight weekly two hour sessions.
Obesity is a serious public health challenge worldwide, the present study is aimed to investigate the structural characteristic and anti-obesity effect of a water-soluble galactomannan (PEC) extracted from Eurotium cristatum (E. cristatum). Detailed analysis of the PEC structure showed a weight-average molecular weight of 32,305 Da and a composition of mainly mannose, galactose and small amounts of glucose. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy combined with methylation analysis indicated that the main chain of PEC is →5)-β-D-Galf-(1 → 6)-α-D-Manp-(1 → glycosidic bond, and the branched chain →2)-α-D-Manp-(1 → through →2,6)-α-D-Manp-(1 → is connected to the main chain by an O-2 bond. Furthermore, PEC was found to ameliorate body weight gain, metabolic disorders, and to modulate the gut microbiota in HFD-fed mice. Fecal microbiota transplantation trial confirmed that PEC prevented obesity development and metabolic disorders by reversing gut dysbiosis in HFD-fed mice. This is the first report of the isolation of PEC from E. cristatum, and the findings suggested that PEC exerted its antiobesity and related beneficial effects by regulating the gut microbiota. In conclusion, as a polysaccharide, PEC could reduce obesity by modulating the gut microbiota and has potential been a prophylactic agent for obesity and related metabolic diseases.
Fitabase collects data from Fitbits worn by the participants. Under the treatment functionality, participants earn a meal donation for each day that they meet the step goal and a monetary incentive for each day they meet the step goal (for upto 5 days a week). The investigators identified 7,500 steps as an appropriate goal as studies show older adults walk 4,000 steps on average. Meals are donated by the investigators on behalf of participants.
INTRODUCTION: Pain conditions are common in elderly individuals, including those with dementia. However, symptoms associated with dementia may lead to poor recognition, assessment and management of pain. In this study, we incorporated the variables based on questionnaires into a machine learning algorithm to build a prediction model for the pain index of elderly individuals with dementia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 113 cases were collected through questionnaires and used to build prediction models for the patient's pain index. Three machine learning algorithms were incorporated for comparison in this study. To interpret the prediction model, SHapley additive explanations values were used to depict the ranking importance of variables and the relationship between features and pain index.
RESULTS: In the comparison of models, random forests with feature selection outperformed in terms of root mean square error and mean absolute error. A total of 11 features were selected based on embedded method. The results showed that the Karnofsky scale played a key role in predicting pain index for elderly individuals with dementia and was positively associated with pain index. Arthritis is the most important disease to predicting the pain index.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provided the key insights to predict the pain index of elderly patients with dementia. In the future, it can be used to develop an application system or webpage, which can reduce the use of labour and improve the efficiency.
This is a split mouth study. At the experimental site in group 1, three Micro-osteoperforation (MOP) were made directly at the buccal cortical bone of extracted first premolars sites, at equidistance from the canine and second premolar under local anaesthesia. This group received four sessions of MOPs at an interval of 4 weeks.
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of liver transplant and hepatocellular carcinoma in the US. New direct-acting antivirals are available that can eradicate the disease in over 95% of those that are treated, with minimal side effects. As a result of new therapies and a five-fold higher risk among baby boomers, the US Preventive Services Task Force and CDC now recommend HCV screening for all patients born between 1945 and 1965. Of the estimated 3.2 million people chronically infected with HCV, about 75% were born during this time frame. Despite this, national rates of screening among this group remain low at less than 30%. If more people could get screened, we could potentially identify more undiagnosed disease and help navigate to treatment.

At Penn Medicine primary care practices, HCV screening rates have risen from 37% in 2014 to 61% in 2017, likely from a combination of provider educational efforts and EHR alerts. There is also significant practice variation ranging from 4% to 99% screening rates. While EHR alerts have been shown to increase HCV screening rates, there is potential to complement this with direct outreach to patients homes, as has been incorporated into cancer screening initiatives. Additionally, there is a mandate from the state of Pennsylvania requiring health care providers to offer HCV testing to all primary care patients. There is an opportunity to provide direct outreach to all eligible primary care patients at Penn Medicine, while also evaluating different approaches to increasing HCV screening rates.

Insights from behavioral science have been shown to increase participation in health promoting behaviors in a variety of ways. Switching from opt-in to opt-out framing has been shown to triple patient participation in remote monitoring and CRC screening. Additionally, messaging that incorporates social norms, reciprocity, and precommitment have also been shown to increase participation. However, it is not clear how these approaches would translate to HCV screening.
All participants will be instructed to complete two working days (8h) where they perform seated desk-work throughout the day. At the end of the second day, they will perform a supervised exercise bout at the research facility.
A synthetic lung surfactant composition and process for depositing a monolayer of a phosphatidylcholine lung surfactant to the alveoli of a mammal. The composition comprises a phosphatidylcholine lung surfactant, a phosphatidylethanolamine, and cholesterol in proportions such that the composition is in lamellar form at or below a first temperature and in non-lamellar form at a second temperature which is higher than the first temperature. A preferred phosphatidylcholine lung surfactant for use in this invention is dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), which is known to be the major lipid constituent of natural mammalian lung surfactant, and a preferred phosphatidylethanolamine is dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE). In particular embodiments, the composition is in lamellar form at about room temperature (25° C.), and in non-lamellar form at a temperature in the range of about 30° to 37° C., which is at or below normal human body temperature (37° C.). The composition may also include one or more therapeutic peptides or other pharmaceutical agents. The synthetic lung surfactant may be used to treat a mammal for respiratory distress syndrome caused by an insufficiency of natural lung surfactant.
Musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders encompass various conditions impacting bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and nerves. An estimated 1.71 billion individuals globally have MSK disorders, causing disability and reduced quality of life. Literature contradicts the notion that musculoskeletal pain and disability solely arise from physical impairments; psychological, behavioural, and social factors contribute significantly. These facets influence pain perception and chronic impairment development. Common interventions-medication, exercise, manual and hydrotherapy, electro-thermal modalities, behavioural and alternative therapies-address pain individually, yet lack the comprehensive response required. In contrast, a multimodal approach combines diverse therapies tailored to individual needs. It ensures lasting symptom relief, prevents recurrence, and improves function. Although proven effective, clinical implementation of this approach remains limited. This mini-review discusses the reasons behind this gap, underscores multimodal approach importance, and enlightens rehabilitation professionals on its potential for managing chronic musculoskeletal issues.
PURPOSE: An oil-in-water emulsion of cleansing composition containing a small amount of oil without a surfactant is provided. Therefore, the composition increases a melting force of a make-up component and solves problems such as greasiness and discomfort. CONSTITUTION: An oil-in-water emulsion of cleansing composition contains 0.01 to 5% by weight of a stabilizer and 5 to 20% by weight of oil. The stabilizer is one or more selected from the group consisting of a carboxyvinylpolymer, an acrylate/C10-30 alkylacrylate cross polymer, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, polyacrylamide, glycerylpolymethacrylate, xanthan gum, sodium magnesium silicate and magnesium aluminium silicate. The oil is one or more selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, higher fatty acid esters of higher alcohol, higher alcohols, higher fatty acid oil, triglycerides and silicone oils. The higher fatty acid esters of higher alcohol are isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, octyldodecyl myristate and cetyl octanoate.
Test group 2, Rectus sheath block will be performed under direct visualization. Ropivacaine (0.75%, 10ml) will be directly injected into the right and left rectus sheath at the end of the operation.
PURPOSE:To obtain a drug for transcutaneous administration of hydrocortisone butyrate propionate having improved transcutaneous absorbability, by compounding hydrocortisone butyrate propionate to a base produced by compounding isopropyl myristate, hydrogenated phospholipid and water. CONSTITUTION:Hydrocortisone butyrate propionate is dispersed or dissolved in a base material produced by compounding 2.5-15wt.% hydrogenated phospholipid, 1-15wt.% isopropyl myristate and 25-65wt.% water. The amount of the hydrocortisone butyrate propionate is 0.01-1.00wt.% based on the base material. Preferable amounts of hydrogenated phospholipid, isopropyl myristate, water and hydrocortisone butyrate propionate are 5-10wt.%, 2-10wt.%, 40-60wt.% and 0.02-0.3wt.%, respectively. If necessary, the agent may be incorporated further with an oily component, a thickener, an antibiotic substance, etc. The remedying effect comparable to or higher than that of sealed therapy can be attained by simple application of the transcutaneous agent to the diseased part.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To provide a summary of prevalence, pathogenesis, and treatment of coronary calcified nodules (CNs).
RECENT FINDINGS: CNs are most frequently detected at the sites of hinge motion of severely calcified lesions such as in the middle segment of right coronary artery and left main coronary bifurcation. On histopathology, CNs exhibit two distinctive morphologies: eruptive and non-eruptive. Eruptive CNs, which have a disrupted fibrous cap with adherent thrombi, are biologically active. Non-eruptive CNs, which have an intact fibrous cap without thrombi, are biologically inactive, representing either healed eruptive CNs or protrusion of calcium due to plaque progression. Recent studies using optical coherence tomography (OCT) have shown a difference in the mechanism of stent failure in the two subtypes, demonstrating early reappearance of eruptive CNs in the stent (at ~ 6 months) as a unique mechanism of stent failure that does not seem to be preventable by simply achieving adequate stent expansion. The cause of CN reappearance in stent is not known and could be due to acute or subacute intrusion or continued growth of the CN. Whether modification of CN is needed, the most effective calcium modification modality and effectiveness of stent implantation in eruptive CNs has not been elucidated. In this review, we discuss pathogenesis of CNs and how intravascular imaging can help diagnose and manage patients with CNs. We also discuss medical and transcatheter therapies beyond conventional stent implantation for effective treatment of eruptive CNs that warrant testing in prospective studies.
PURPOSE:To provide a whitening cosmetic composition capable of eliminating or preventing melanization or pigmentation due to skin exposure to ultraviolet radiation by its application on the skin. CONSTITUTION:The cosmetic composition containing, as active ingredient, solubles in organic solvents, lower alcohols or mixtures thereof each having intermediate polarity, among the extract components from the plants belonging to Cupressaceae. The amount of the active ingredient to be formulated, depending on e.g. the type of pharmaceutical preparation, the extent of melanogenesis-suppressive effect to be hoped, is normally pref. 0.001-1.0wt.% or so, esp. 0.01-0.5wt.%. Besides, this composition can also be incorporated with any auxiliary ingredient(s) for pharmaceutical manufacturing such as activator, binder or diluent, and furthermore, optionally, with established ingredient(s), according to the type of the composition, provided they do not impair the performance of the composition (e.g. conventional melanogenesis suppressant such as vitamin C or placenta extract, ultraviolet light scattering agent, ultraviolet light absorber, anti-inflammatory agent).
This is a 26-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled two-arm parallel-group trial of d-cycloserine, a pharmacological treatment selected based on positive results from previous preclinical and clinical studies, for the treatment of chronic, refractory low back pain (CBP). After a 2-week screening period, individuals will be randomized to receive either 12 weeks of d-cycloserine or placebo and then followed for an additional 12 weeks to evaluate persistence of benefit at study endpoint, 24 weeks after randomization. During the 12-week treatment period, participants will undergo evaluation at baseline and at clinic visits on weeks 2, 6 and 12 after randomization to assess pain, proper treatment use and side effects. During the subsequent 12-week follow-up period, pain and safety will continue to be assessed monthly by phone calls. All patients will also be assessed daily using an electronic diary (eDiary) to record pain and mood. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), anatomical MRI, resting state functional MRI (fMRI), diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) MRI, and arterial spin labeling (ASL) will be performed at baseline and at the end of 12 weeks for individuals completing MRI.
Objective: when surgery is performed under ischemia, the ideal timing for the administration of antibiotic prophylaxis has not been well defined. Currently, antibiotics are given 10 minutes before ischemia and the infection rate is about 3-5%. In 2005 we performed a study where the efficacy of the standard prophylaxis was compared with a new regimen that consisted in administering the antibiotic 10 min. before tourniquet release. The results were positive although the difference was not statistically significant. In the present study we are proposing a new protocol where the antibiotic is given 10 min. before the inflation of tourniquet and 10 min. before its release. Methodology: all patients who undergo a total knee arthroplasty will be randomized to receive one of the following regimens of antibiotic prophylaxis:Standard: cefuroxime 1.5 g i.v. 10 min before tourniquet + placebo 10 min before tourniquet release + cefuroxime 1'5 g i.v. 6h after closing surgical wound.Experimental: cefuroxime 1.5 g i.v. 10 min before tourniquet + cefuroxime 1.5 g i.v. 10 min before tourniquet release + cefuroxime 1'5 g i.v. 6h after closing surgical wound.The infection rate with standard regimen is 3.4%. We believe that the new regimen will decrease the rate of infection to 1%. To demonstrate differences between both arms, it will be necessary to include 666 patients per arm.