anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Tablets contain hydromorphone, a Schedule II controlled opioid agonist. Schedule II opioid substances which include morphine, oxycodone, oxymorphone, fentanyl, and methadone have the highest potential for abuse and risk of fatal overdose. Hydromorphone can be abused and is subject to criminal diversion. 

Opioid analgesics may cause psychological and physical dependence. Physical dependence results in withdrawal symptoms in patients who abruptly discontinue the drug. Physical dependence usually does not occur to a clinically significant degree until after several weeks of continued opioid usage, but it may occur after as little as a week of opioid use. Physical dependence and tolerance are separate and distinct from abuse and addiction.

Addiction is a chronic, neurobiologic disease, with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. It is characterized by behaviors that include one or more of the following: Impaired control over drug use, compulsive use, continued use despite harm, and craving. Drug addiction is a treatable disease, utilizing a multidisciplinary approach, but relapse is common.

“Drug seeking” behavior is very common in addicts and drug abusers. Drug-seeking tactics include emergency calls or visits near the end of office hours, refusal to undergo appropriate examination, testing or referral, repeated “loss” of prescriptions, tampering with, forging or counterfeiting prescriptions and reluctance to provide prior medical records or contact information for other treating physician(s). “Doctor shopping” to obtain additional prescriptions is common among drug abusers, people suffering from untreated addiction and criminals seeking drugs to sell.

Physicians should be aware that addiction may not be accompanied by concurrent tolerance and symptoms of physical dependence in all addicts. In addition, abuse of opioids can occur in the absence of addiction and is characterized by misuse for non-medical purposes, often in combination with other psychoactive substances. Since Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Tablets may be diverted for non-medical use, careful record keeping of prescribing information, including quantity, frequency, and renewal requests is strongly advised.

Proper assessment of the patient, proper prescribing practices, periodic re-evaluation of therapy, and proper dispensing and storage are appropriate measures that help to limit abuse of opioid drugs.

Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Tablets are intended for oral use only. Misuse or abuse of Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Tablets pose a risk of overdose and death. This risk is increased with concurrent abuse of alcohol and other CNS depressants. Parenteral drug abuse can potentially result in local tissue necrosis, infection, pulmonary granulomas, and increased risk of endocarditis and valvular heart injury. In addition, parenteral abuse is commonly associated with transmission of infectious diseases such as hepatitis and HIV.
Ischemic stroke is one of the most vital causes of high neurological morbidity and mortality in the world. Preconditioning exercise is considered as the primary prevention of stroke to resistance to subsequent injury. We tried to research the underlying biological mechanisms of this exercise. Forty-two SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) group, exercise group with MCAO (EX + MCAO) group, and sham group, with 14 rats in each group. The EX + MCAO group underwent exercise preconditioning for 3 weeks before occlusion, and the other two groups were fed and exercised normally. After 3 weeks, MCAO model was made by thread plug method in the EX + MCAO group and MCAO group. After successful modeling, the Longa scale was used to evaluate the neurological impairment of rats at day 0, day 1, and day 2. The rats in each group were killed on the third day after modeling. TTC staining measured the infarct volume of each group. The morphology and apoptosis of cortical cells were observed by HE and Tunel staining. Three rats in each group underwent high-throughput sequencing. Bioinformatic analysis was used to find the deferentially expressed genes (DEGs) and predict the transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) of the next-generation sequencing results. Gene enrichment (GSEA) was used to analyze potential functional genes and their corresponding signaling pathways. The Longa scale showed EX + MCAO group had the neurological function better than the modeling group (P < 0.001). TTC staining showed that the infarct size of EX + MCAO group was less than MCAO group (P < 0.05). HE and Tunel staining showed that the cells in the EX + MCAO group and the sham group had normal morphology and fewer apoptotic cells than MCAO group. A new gene named 7994 was discovered and TFBS of this gene was predicted, which could interact with key genes such as Foxd3, Foxa2, NR4A2, SP1, CEBPA, and SOX10. GSEA showed that EX + MCAO group could promote and regulate angiogenesis and apoptosis through PI3K-AKT pathway. Preconditioning exercise could improve nerve function and reduce infarct size in rats. The underlying mechanism is to regulate the PI3K-AKT pathway through several key genes, promote cerebral angiogenesis, and reduce apoptosis.
Uncontrolled hemorrhage remains a critical threat in trauma and surgery. This study developed a novel hemostatic composite by encapsulating Peganum harmala L. seed extract (PH) with known hemostatic properties into lipid nanocapsules (PH-LNCs) and then embedding them within a polyvinyl alcohol-chitosan-polyethylene glycol-glycerol (PVA-CS-PEG-G) matrix. The composite was physically crosslinked via the dual processes of freezing-thawing and thermal crosslinking and exhibited robust mechanical properties reaching 0.434 ± 0.014 MPa and elasticity of 40.685 % ± 4.04. It also demonstrated excellent biocompatibility, surface morphology, physical stability, and ex-vivo skin deposition/permeation were assessed. The characterization of PH-LNCs revealed optimal PH-LNC formation and successful integration into the composite with particle size, zeta potential, and PDI were approximately 45.45 ± 24 nm, -16.3 ± 1.4 mV, and 0.374 ± 0.1, respectively. In vitro studies highlighted enhanced blood clotting and platelet adhesion, while in vivo experiments confirmed superior hemostatic efficacy in a mouse tail amputation model. The composite's soft texture, conformability, and mechanical strength make it a promising candidate for effective traumatic wound management.
Severe acute mitral regurgitation after myocardial infarction includes partial and complete papillary muscle rupture or functional mitral regurgitation. Although its incidence is <1%, mitral regurgitation after acute myocardial infarction frequently causes hemodynamic instability, pulmonary edema, and cardiogenic shock. Medical management has the worst prognosis, and mortality has not changed in decades. Surgery represents the gold standard, but it is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Recently, transcatheter interventions have opened a new door for management that may improve survival. Mechanical circulatory support restores vital organ perfusion and offers the opportunity for a steadier surgical repair. This review focuses on the diagnosis and the interventional management, both surgical and transcatheter, with a glance on future perspectives to enhance patient management and eventually decrease mortality.
There are reported cases of overdosage with intravenous zinc in parenteral nutrition:

  * Seven adult patients received an inadvertent overdosage of 50 mg to 75 mg elemental zinc per day in parenteral nutrition solution for 26 to 60 days; 6 of the 7 patients developed hyperamylasemia (peak amylase values of 557 to 1850 Klein units; normal: 130 to 310). Amylase was not reported in one patient. Serum zinc concentrations ranged from 310 to 670 mcg/dL. None of the patients developed clinical signs of pancreatitis. Five of the 7 patients died of septic complications.
  * One adult patient died of infectious complications after receiving an inadvertent overdosage of 7.4 grams of zinc sulfate (equivalent to 1.2 grams of elemental zinc per day for 2.5 days) in parenteral nutrition solution over 60 hours. The serum zinc concentration was 4184 mcg/dL. Symptoms of zinc overdosage also included hyperamylasemia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, vomiting and diarrhea.
  * One preterm infant born at 26 weeks gestation died of cardiac failure following a medication error in which the parenteral nutrition solution contained 330 mg/100 mL instead of 330 mcg/100 mL of zinc sulfate (overdosage of 1000-fold) 



Management 

There is no known antidote for acute zinc toxicity. Management of zinc overdosage is supportive care based on presenting signs and symptoms.
This group will undergo a 9-month behavioral diet intervention targeting a 20% reduction in caloric intake. During the first 6 months, participants will meet in-person one time each month individually and three times/month in a group setting with a dietitian and/or behavioral coach. During the remaining three months of intervention, there will be one group and one individual meeting each month. Participants will keep diet records using the Fitbit app on a tablet and weight using a BodyTrace™ smart scale that transmits data through a study-specific Companion App. Participants will use wrist-worn Fitbit step monitors to track their physical activity and receive feedback via the app, with a goal to promote movement across the day, continuously increasing their daily step count.
Mast cell (MCs) activation is the driving force of immune responses in several inflammatory diseases, including asthma and allergies. MCs are immune cells found throughout the body and are equipped with numerous surface receptors that allow them to respond to external signals from parasites and bacteria as well as to intrinsic signals such as cytokines. Upon activation, MCs release various mediators and proteases that contribute to inflammation. This study aimed to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate MC response to interleukin-33 and their target genes using a model of human cord blood-derived mast cells (hCBMCs). hCBMCs were induced with 10 and 20 ng of recombinant human interleukin-33 (rhIL-33) for 6 and 24 h, respectively. Total RNA was extracted from these cells and miRNA profiling was performed using high-throughput microarrays. Differential expression of miRNAs and target analysis were performed using Transcriptome Analysis Console and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. The most significant miRNAs in each condition were miR-6836-5p (fold change = 1.76, p = 3E-03), miR-6883-5p (fold change = -2.13, p = 7E-05), miR-1229-5p (fold change = 2.46, p = 8E-04), and miR-3613-5p (fold change = 66.7, p = 1E-06). Target analysis revealed that these miRNAs regulate mast cell responsiveness and degranulation by modulating the expression of surface receptors, adaptors, and signaling molecules in response to rhIL-33 stimulation. This study is the first miRNA profiling and target analysis of hCBMCs that will further enhance our understanding of the role of miRNAs in the immune response in a timely manner and their relevance for the development of a new therapeutic target for inflammatory disorders.
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in women of reproductive age leads to significant health risks, including adverse metabolic and reproductive outcomes. Effective dietary interventions are critical to improving health outcomes in this population. This study investigates the impact of a 12-week diet intervention on metabolic markers of adipose tissue in overweight women of reproductive age, determining whether calorie restriction or low-starch diets are more effective, while also accounting for salivary amylase activity. A total of 67 overweight women of reproductive age were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Participants were divided into high-salivary-amylase (HSA) and low-salivary-amylase (LSA) groups based on baseline salivary amylase activity measured using a spectrophotometric method. Each group was further subdivided into two dietary intervention groups: calorie restriction (CR) and low starch (LS), resulting in four subgroups (HSA-CR, HSA-LS, LSA-CR, LSA-LS), along with a control group (CTR) of normal-weight individuals (no intervention). Participants were assigned to a calorie-restricted diet or a low-starch diet for 12 weeks. Key metabolic markers of adipose tissue, including insulin sensitivity, adipokines, cytokines, and lipid profiles, were measured at baseline (T0), 30 min after consuming starch-containing muesli (T1), and 12 weeks after intervention (T2). Active GLP-1, glucagon, and C-peptide levels were assessed to clarify the hormonal mechanisms underlying the dietary effects. Salivary amylase activity was also measured to examine its role in modulating glucose and GLP-1 responses. Both diet interventions led to significant improvements in metabolic markers of adipose tissue, though different ones. Calorie restriction improved insulin sensitivity by effectively reducing visceral fat mass and enhancing insulin signaling pathways. In contrast, the low-starch diet was linked to a reduction in the coefficient of glucose variation influenced partly by changes in GLP-1 levels. Our findings highlight the importance of personalized diet strategies to optimize metabolic health in this demographic.
Centhaquine will be administered intravenously after enrollment to hypovolemic shock patients with systolic arterial blood pressure ≤ 90 mmHg at presentation and continue to receive standard shock treatment. Centhaquine will be administered at a dose of 0.01 mg/kg of body weight, as an intravenous (IV) infusion over 1 hour in 100 mL of normal saline. Second dose of centhaquine will be administered if SBP falls below or remains below or equal to 90 mmHg but not before 4 hours of the previous dose and total doses per day (in 24 hours) will not exceed 3 doses. Centhaquine administration if needed will continue for two days post-enrollment. A minimum of 1 dose or maximum of 6 doses of centhaquine will be administered within first 48 hours post-enrollment. Each patient will be monitored closely throughout his/her hospitalization and will be followed until discharge or day 7 (whichever is earlier) from enrollment.
Participants meet with a nurse in-person for approximately 20 minutes to receive NCI educational booklets and a link to the ACS website. Participants are also contacted by the nurse via telephone at 1 and 3 weeks but the calls are primarily social in nature and do not include counseling support.
The invention discloses a hypoglycemic particle with homology of medicine and food, a preparation method and application thereof. Belongs to the technical field of medicine health care. The material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of astragalus and liquorice extract; 7-10 parts of pumpkin powder, sweet potato powder and bitter gourd powder respectively; 40-60 parts of auxiliary materials. The preparation method comprises respectively making fructus Cucurbitae Moschatae, rhizoma Dioscoreae Esculentae and fructus Momordicae Charantiae into powder; mixing radix astragali and Glycyrrhrizae radix to obtain radix astragali and Glycyrrhrizae radix extract, mixing with the obtained fructus Cucurbitae Moschatae powder, sweet potato powder and fructus Momordicae Charantiae powder, adding soluble starch, maltodextrin, sodium citrate, potassium sorbate and xylitol, mixing to obtain soft material, sieving, granulating, drying and grading. The blood sugar reducing granule has the effects of tonifying qi and kidney, reducing blood sugar and quenching thirst. Not only can meet the requirement of drug effect, but also has a plurality of using methods, can exert the effectiveness of the drug and has the safety of food. Has the advantages of small dosage, convenient carrying, quick absorption, stable curative effect, and the like.
PURPOSE: To obtain a pridinol mesilate-containing external preparation excellent in percutaneous absorbability and useful as a skeletal muscle relaxant. CONSTITUTION: Pridinol mesilate is compounded with glycerol and benzylalcohol preferably in amounts of 1-50wt.% and 1-20wt.%, respectively. The external preparation is preferably formed into a plaster. The simultaneous use of the benzylalcohol and the glycerol as percutaneous absorption-promoting agents gives such the high percutaneous absorption of the pridinol mesilate as being not given by the simultaneous use of propylene glycol or 1,3-butylene glycol. When the glycerol is compounded in a large amount, the percutaneous absorption of the pridinol mesilate is lowered, while when compounded in a small amount, the dispersibility of the pridinol mesilate is deteriorated on the formation of the medicinal preparation to lower workability and uniformity.  The external preparation is excellent in percutaneous absorbability, maintains an effective concentration in blood for a long time, can easily be used, and is little in side effects.
The invention discloses preparation and application of active targeting anti-tumor self-assembled nanoparticles. The nanoparticle contains a combination of a metal platinum complex and a CDK4/6 kinase inhibitor palbociclib as active ingredients and a tumor targeting ligand modifier. The metal platinum complex is at least one of clinical cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin, nedaplatin, leplatin and heptaplatin. The conjugate is a covalent conjugate formed by a metal platinum complex and palbociclib. The nanoparticles obtained by the invention can release free drugs by utilizing the responsive rupture of platinum-oxygen bond reduction in the structure. In order to further increase the stability and targeting property of the nanoparticle, a tumor targeting ligand modifier is added, and the modifier is a covalent conjugate of a tumor active targeting ligand and an amphiphilic block copolymer. The invention further improves the curative effect of the anti-tumor chemotherapeutic drug by utilizing the active targeting effect of the conjugate of the metal platinum complex and the palbociclib and the tumor targeting ligand modifier.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide compounds that can be used for treating cell proliferative disorders (e.g., benign and malignant cancer cell-related disorders), and to provide pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds.  <P>SOLUTION: There are provided the compositions and methods for inhibiting the cell cycle G2 checkpoint, in particular, the DNA-damage-induced G2 checkpoint, in mammalian cells including human cells. Specifically, the invention provides the compositions and methods for sensitizing cells to DNA-damaging agents by abrogating the cell cycle G2 checkpoint. The compounds are used to treat proliferative disorders such as cancers. The invention provides the compositions and methods for selectively sensitizing G1 checkpoint-impaired cancer cells to DNA-damaging agents and treatments.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
General cognitive level will be evaluated with the Standardized Mini Mental Test to determine the eligibility of the participants for the study. The American National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale will be applied to determine the stroke severity and functional status of the participants. The reliability and validity of the eight-shape gait test and the double-task octagonal gait test will be examined. The reliability of the tests will be evaluated by calculating the test-retest method, standard error measurement and minimum detectable change values. The initial test and retest will be evaluated two days apart. The concurrent validity of the tests will be evaluated by the correlation between the timed get-and-go test, the 10-meter walk test, and the modified four-square step test.
It is known that newly graduated nurses are influential in individual, institutional, and patient outcomes and encounter many problems. Most healthcare institutions do not implement a planned adaptation program for newly recruited nurses. These nurses try to adapt to the institution and the profession with a master-apprentice relationship. In some of them, a basic adaptation program limited to a specific period is implemented. However, there is no theory-based, innovative, easy-to-use training program and any mobile application to increase the qualifications of newly graduated nurses, who play an essential role in the delivery and quality of health services, to ensure corporate belonging, and to support and strengthen their professionalization and professional competence. In addition, there is no study on this subject. The mobile application study was planned as a randomized controlled study to evaluate the effectiveness of the training program for the empowerment of newly graduated nurses and the mobile application to be developed. In the creation of the content of the training program, descriptive and qualitative studies aiming at strengthening the situation assessment will be carried out. In the research, "Control and Experimental Group Introductory Information Questionnaire," "Status Evaluation Questionnaire for Empowerment," "Nursing Structural Empowerment Scale," "Psychological Empowerment Scale, "Semi-structured Interview Form for New Graduated Nurses," and "Information Evaluation for Empowerment." "Question Form" and "Education Evaluation Form" will be used. Gpower 3.1.9.6 by taking 90% power, 0.81 effect size, and first type error 0.05 of the study's sample. As a result of the power analysis made with the help of software, It was decided to have 68 people, 34 in the experimental group and 34 in the control group. Statistical evaluations of the research data will be made using SPSS 26.
A high-efficiency extraction method and application of sunflower disc volatile oil are provided. The invention belongs to the field of plant extraction. The invention aims to solve the technical problem of low extraction rate of the existing sunflower disc volatile oil extraction process. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, drying a sunflower disc, crushing and sieving; then, carrying out ultrasonic treatment by taking a sodium chloride aqueous solution as an extracting agent; and finally, distilling and extracting the sunflower disc volatile oil in an extractor by water to obtain the sunflower disc volatile oil. The obtained volatile oil of receptaculum Helianthi can be used for preparing antioxidant medicine and food antioxidant or treating hyperuricemia. According to the invention, the liquid-material ratio and the distillation time are reasonably set, and a proper amount of inorganic salt is added in the extraction process to realize synergistic interaction, so that the yield of the sunflower disc volatile oil is improved.
The invention belongs to the fields of biochemical engineering and nutritional health, and in particular relates to a high internal phase emulsion prepared by conjugating alkali-extracted bamboo leaf polysaccharide and a method thereof. The method adopts an alkali extraction method to extract the bamboo leaf polysaccharide conjugate from the bamboo leaves, and uses the bamboo leaf polysaccharide conjugate as an emulsifier to be mixed with grease, and forms an interfacial film on an oil-water interface through shearing and homogenizing so as to prepare stable high internal phase emulsion. The high internal phase emulsion has high stability, and can resist high temperature (70-90deg.C), salt (sodium salt, calcium salt, etc.), broad-spectrum pH, etc. stress environment (figure 4-6). The high internal phase emulsion can encapsulate hydrophobic active substances, and has remarkable protective effect on loaded fat-soluble active substances during long-term storage. In addition, the bamboo leaf polysaccharide conjugate is derived from food materials with homology of medicine and food, and has excellent safety and biocompatibility. The high internal phase emulsion prepared by the invention has wide application prospect in the fields of medicines, daily chemicals, functional foods and the like.