anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Following an acute overdosage, toxicity may result from the barbiturate or the acetaminophen.

Signs and Symptoms: Toxicity from barbiturate poisoning includes drowsiness, confusion, and coma; respiratory depression; hypotension; and hypovolemic shock.

In acetaminophen overdosage: dose-dependent, potentially fatal hepatic necrosis is the most serious adverse effect. Renal tubular necroses, hypoglycemic coma and coagulation defects may also occur. Early symptoms following a potentially hepatotoxic overdose may include: nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis and general malaise. Clinical and laboratory evidence of hepatic toxicity may not be apparent until 48 to 72 hours post-ingestion.

Treatment: A single or multiple drug overdose with butalbital and acetaminophen is a potentially lethal polydrug overdose, and consultation with a regional poison control center is recommended. Immediate treatment includes support of cardiorespiratory function and measures to reduce drug absorption.

Oxygen, intravenous fluids, vasopressors, and other supportive measures should be employed as indicated. Assisted or controlled ventilation should also be considered. 

Gastric decontamination with activated charcoal should be administered just prior to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to decrease systemic absorption if acetaminophen ingestion is known or suspected to have occurred within a few hours of presentation. Serum acetaminophen levels should be obtained immediately if the patient presents 4 hours or more after ingestion to assess potential risk of hepatotoxicity; acetaminophen levels drawn less than 4 hours post-ingestion may be misleading. To obtain the best possible outcome, NAC should be administered as soon as possible where impending or evolving liver injury is suspected. Intravenous NAC may be administered when circumstances preclude oral administration.

Vigorous supportive therapy is required in severe intoxication. Procedures to limit the continuing absorption of the drug must be readily performed since the hepatic injury is dose dependent and occurs early in the course of intoxication.
D-glyceric acid (DGA) calcium salt dehydrate (RH013001) dissolved into 1.8 dl of water. Effective dose of DGA was 3.33 mg / kg body weigh for the first 4 days. Thereafter the dose was reduced to half for the 14 days follow up period. Frequency: 2 times a day.
Fibrosis is usually the final pathological state of many chronic inflammatory diseases and may lead to organ malfunction. Excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules is a characteristic of most fibrotic tissues. The blood vessel wall contains three layers of membrane structure, including the intima, which is composed of endothelial cells; the media, which is composed of smooth muscle cells; and the adventitia, which is formed by the interaction of connective tissue and fibroblasts. The occurrence and progression of vascular remodeling are closely associated with cardiovascular diseases, and vascular remodeling can alter the original structure and function of the blood vessel. Dysregulation of the composition of the extracellular matrix in blood vessels leads to the continuous advancement of vascular stiffening and fibrosis. Vascular fibrosis reaction leads to excessive deposition of the extracellular matrix in the vascular adventitia, reduces vessel compliance, and ultimately alters key aspects of vascular biomechanics. The pathogenesis of fibrosis in the vasculature and strategies for its reversal have become interesting and important challenges. Ion channels are widely expressed in the cardiovascular system; they regulate blood pressure, maintain cardiovascular function homeostasis, and play important roles in ion transport, cell differentiation, proliferation. In blood vessels, different types of ion channels in fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells may be relevant mediators of the development of fibrosis in organs or tissues. This review discusses the known roles of ion channels in vascular fibrosis remodeling and discusses potential therapeutic targets for regulating remodeling and repair after vascular injury.
The invention relates to instruments for auscultation and can be used for real-time telemedicine consultations and telemedical monitoring. A digital stethoscope comprises a device for detecting analog acoustic signals from a patient, and a data processing system implemented via a safe encrypted web application on a portable computing device of the patient and/or the doctor with headphones connected. Software processing of data is carried out on the device of the doctor and/or the patient. Information about the patient is obtained and stored. Digital data is converted into an audio signal. The audio signal is displayed in the form of an audiogram in the window of the doctor's web browser. The audio signal is processed on the basis of user settings. The processed audio signal is output to the headphones. Data about the digital filters applied is stored. The result is in an increase in the quality and speed with which a signal is processed, while reducing energy consumption and allowing the safe auscultation of patients with highly infectious diseases such as, for example, COVID-19. The stethoscope can be used with several wireless headsets simultaneously on several user devices, taking into account the individual psychoacoustic profiles of the users and the different psychoacoustic perception of sounds by different specialists.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent and disabling disorder with a high degree of comorbidity. Clinical studies have focused on hallucinations, which could be associated with the severity of the disorder and treatment resistance. Auditory illusions have received little attention so far, possibly because they are particularly difficult to assess. However, they may impact functioning, and underdiagnosis could impair prognosis. To provide a clearer understanding of PTSD psychopathology, this paper proposes to focus on these auditory illusions. A monocentric case-control study was conducted on 30 subjects with PTSD and 30 controls, based on an original design. False recognitions were estimated during a sound test created with a vocoder. Additionally, differences in emotional valence, dissociation, hyperarousal, and reliving were assessed. The study found that individuals with PTSD experience a higher frequency of auditory illusions compared to healthy controls (65% versus 20%, p < 0.001). Additionally, the emotional valence of these illusions was more negative in individuals with PTSD than in controls. The study also identified a correlation between dissociation symptoms, hyperarousal and reliving with auditory illusions. These findings are in line with neurobiological studies of PTSD, as well as cognitive predictive models, and support the hypothesis of a significant prevalence of auditory illusions in PTSD. Like hallucinations, auditory illusions may be influenced by dissociation. Although these results are preliminary, they suggest a need for further investigation into auditory illusions in PTSD and their effect on prognosis.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Perianal fistuliing Crohn's disease [PFCD] is an aggressive phenotype of Crohn's disease defined by frequent relapses and disabling symptoms. A novel consensus classification system was recently outlined by the TOpCLASS consortium, which seeks to unify disease severity with patient-centred goals but has not yet been validated. We aimed to apply this to a real-world cohort and to identify factors that predict transition between classes over time.
METHODS: We identified all patients with PFCD and at least one baseline and one follow-up pelvic MRI [pMRI]. TOpCLASS classification, disease characteristics, and imaging indices were collected retrospectively at time periods corresponding with respective MRIs.
RESULTS: We identified 100 patients with PFCD, of whom 96 were assigned TOpCLASS Classes 1-2c at baseline. Most patients [78.1%] started in Class 2b, but changes in classification were observed in 52.1% of all patients. Male sex [72.0%, 46.6%, 40.0%, p = 0.03] and prior perianal surgery [52.0% vs 44.6% vs 40.0%, p = 0.02] were more frequently observed in those with improved class compared to unchanged and worsened class. Baseline pMRI indices were not associated with changes in classification; however, greater improvements in mVAI, MODIFI-CD, and PEMPAC were seen among those who improved. Linear mixed effect modelling identified only male sex [-0.31, 95% CI -0.60 to -0.02] with improvement in class.
CONCLUSION: The TOpCLASS classification highlights the dynamic nature of PFCD over time. However, our ability to predict transitions between classes remains limited and requires prospective assessment. Improvement in MRI index scores over time was associated with a transition to lower TOpCLASS classification.
Single ascending dose of LY3985297 administered either intravenously (IV) or subcutaneously (SC). Cohort 5,6 and 7 is conducted in Japanese or Chinese participants.
The nucleus is a highly organised yet dynamic environment containing distinct membraneless nuclear bodies. This spatial separation enables a subset of components to be concentrated within biomolecular condensates, allowing efficient and discrete processes to occur which regulate cellular function. One such nuclear body, paraspeckles, are comprised of multiple paraspeckle proteins (PSPs) built around the architectural RNA, NEAT1_2. Paraspeckle function is yet to be fully elucidated but has been implicated in a variety of developmental and disease scenarios. We demonstrate that Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) drives formation of structurally distinct paraspeckles with a dramatically increased size and altered protein composition that are required for productive lytic replication. We highlight these virus-modified paraspeckles form adjacent to virus replication centres, potentially functioning as RNA processing hubs for viral transcripts during infection. Notably, we reveal that PSP sequestration into virus-modified paraspeckles result in increased genome instability during both KSHV and Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection, implicating their formation in virus-mediated tumourigenesis.
Participants will be randomly divided into an electroacupuncture group and a manual acupuncture group according to a ratio of 1: 1. In the manual acupuncture group, participants will be needled in the scalp motor area on the lesion side and left in place for 30 minutes after obtaining qi. During needle retention, the needles will be intermittently twisted for 2min twice, with a frequency of about 200 r/min. The same acupoint was selected as the manual acupuncture group in the electroacupuncture group. After obtaining qi, electroacupuncture stimulation will be applied using a continuous wave at a frequency of 2 Hz. The stimulation intensity will be adjusted based on the patient's tolerance, and each treatment will be lasted for 30 minutes. Participants patients in both groups will be treated once a day and rest for one day after six consecutive days of treatment, for a total of three weeks.
Pancreatic cancer is a very aggressive disease with a dismal prognosis. The tumor microenvironment exerts immunosuppressive activities through the secretion of several cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1. The IL-1/IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) axis is a key regulator in tumor-promoting T helper (Th)2- and Th17-type inflammation. Th2 cells are differentiated by dendritic cells endowed with Th2-polarizing capability by the thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) that is secreted by IL-1-activated cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Th17 cells are differentiated in the presence of IL-1 and other IL-1-regulated cytokines. In pancreatic cancer, the use of a recombinant IL-1R antagonist (IL1RA, anakinra, ANK) in in vitro and in vivo models has shown efficacy in targeting the IL-1/IL-1R pathway. In this study, we have developed sphingomyelin nanosystems (SNs) loaded with ANK (ANK-SNs) to compare their ability to inhibit Th2- and Th17-type inflammation with that of the free drug in vitro. We found that ANK-SNs inhibited TSLP and other pro-tumor cytokines released by CAFs at levels similar to ANK. Importantly, inhibition of IL-17 secretion by Th17 cells, but not of interferon-γ, was significantly higher, and at lower concentrations, with ANK-SNs compared to ANK. Collectively, the use of ANK-SNs might be beneficial in reducing the effective dose of the drug and its toxic effects.
A compound that is a conjugate of an antagonist to an integrin expressed by a tumor cell and at least one of a tumor avid tetrapyrollic photosensitizer, a fluorescent dye, and a radioisotope labeled moiety wherein the radioisotope is 11C, 18F, 64Cu, 124I, 99Tc, 111In or GdIII and its method of use for diagnosing, imaging and/or treating hyperproliferative tissue such as tumors. Preferably the photosensitizer is a tumor avid tetrapyrollic photosensitizer, e.g. a porphyrin, chlorin or bacteriochlorin, e.g. pheophorbides and pyropheophorbides. Such conjugates have extreme tumor avidity and can be used to inhibit or completely destroy the tumor by light absorption. The integrin is usually alphavbeta3, alpha5beta1, alphavbeta5, alpha4beta1, or alpha2beta1. Preferably, the antagonist is an RGD peptide or another antagonist that may be synthetic such as a 4-{2-(3,4,5,6-tetra-hydropyrimidin-2-ylamino)ethyloxy}-benzoyl]amino-2-(S)-amino-ethyl-sulfonylamino group. Such compounds provide tumor avidity and imaging ability thus permitting selective and clear tumor imaging.
CLOBEX® (clobetasol propionate) Lotion, 0.05% is a super-high potent corticosteroid formulation indicated for the relief of the inflammatory and pruritic manifestations of corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses only in patients 18 years of age or older (see PRECAUTIONS). Treatment should be limited to 2 consecutive weeks. The total dosage should not exceed 50 g (50 mL or 1.75 fl.oz.) per week.

For the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, localized lesions (less than 10% body surface area) that have not sufficiently improved after the initial 2-week treatment with CLOBEX® (clobetasol propionate) Lotion, 0.05% may be treated for up to 2 additional weeks. Any additional benefits of extending treatment should be weighed against the risk of HPA axis suppression before prescribing for more than 2 weeks.

Patients should be instructed to use CLOBEX® (clobetasol propionate) Lotion, 0.05% for the minimum amount of time necessary to achieve the desired results (see PRECAUTIONS).

Use in patients younger than 18 years of age is not recommended due to numerically high rates of HPA axis suppression (see PRECAUTIONS: Pediatric Use).
Previous studies showed a potential anti-inflammatory effect of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) as well as possible inhibition of pancreatic secretion. This presents the question of their possible use in acute pancreatitis (AP). Current clinical evidence does not address the role of PPI and the present review for possible therapeutic use and safety is lacking. Therefore, our study aims to address the role of PPI in the management of AP and their association with the different outcomes of AP. We queried the Diamond Network through TriNetX-Research Network. This network included 92 healthcare organizations. Patients with mild AP with Bedside Index of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP) score of Zero regardless of etiology were divided into 2 cohorts; 1st cohort included patients on PPI, and 2nd cohort included patients not on any PPI. Patients with BISAP score equal to or more than 1 or on PPI prior to the study date were excluded. Two well-matched cohorts were created using 1:1 propensity-scored matching model between cohorts. We compared the incidence of intensive care unit admission, mortality, and other associated complications. A total of 431,571 patients met the inclusion criteria. Of those, 32.9% (n = 142,062) were on PPI, and 67% (n = 289,509) were not on any PPI. After propensity matching, the sample included 115,630 patients on PPI vs 115,630 patients not on PPI. The PPI group had a lower rate of mortality (3.7% vs 4.4%, P < .001), a lower rate of intensive care unit admission (3.9% vs 5.5%, P < .001), a lower rate of necrotizing pancreatitis (1.1% vs 1.9%, P < .001), a lower rate of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia (3.6% vs 4.9%, P < .001), a lower rate of respiratory failure (2.8% vs 4.2%, P < .001), and a lower rate of acute kidney injury (6.9% vs 10.1%, P < .001). There was no statistical difference in the rate of Clostridium difficile infection between the 2 cohorts (0.9% vs 0.8%, P = .5). The use of PPI in mild AP with a BISAP-score of zero is associated with reduced pancreatitis-related complications and improved mortality. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a common retinal microvascular complication in diabetic patients that can lead to progressive loss of visual acuity and ultimately to complete vision loss. DME is the main cause of vision loss in patients with Type 2 diabetes. There is a significant unmet medical need to develop better therapies of DME and diabetic retinopathy (DR). RZ402 is a potent and selective plasma kallikrein inhibitor (PKI), which is being developed as an oral therapy for the chronic treatment of DME and DR.

This is a Phase 2, Randomized, Double-Masked, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Arm Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of RZ402 in Participants with Diabetic Macular Edema (DME). A screening period of up to 4 weeks will evaluate eligibility. Once enrolled, patients will be randomized with a 1:1:1:1 ratio to receive RZ402 or placebo for up to 12 weeks. After completing dosing, the patient will enter into a 4 week follow up period.
PURPOSE: To obtain an extremely pure HAV capsid without using a surfactant or external enzyme. CONSTITUTION: The HAV capsid is obtd. by (a) subjecting the water phase of a HAV-infected cytolytic substance to ion exchange chromatography, (b) subjecting the discharged liquid from the process (a) to ion exchange chromatography, and (c) subjecting the soln. obtd. in the process (b) containing HAV capsid to gel permeation. Thus, the obtd. HAV capsid is substantially purified.
AIMS: Atrial fibrillation (AF) recurs in about one-third of patients after catheter ablation (CA), mostly in the first year. Little is known about the electrophysiological findings and the effect of re-ablation in very late AF recurrences (VLR) after more than 1 year. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics and outcomes of the first repeat CA after VLR of AF after index CA.
METHODS AND RESULTS: We analysed patients from a prospective Swiss registry that underwent a first repeat ablation procedure. Patients were stratified depending on the time to recurrence after index procedure: early recurrence (ER) for recurrences within the first year and late recurrence (LR) if the recurrence was later. The primary endpoint was freedom from AF in the first year after repeat ablation. Out of 1864 patients included in the registry, 426 patients undergoing a repeat ablation were included in the analysis (28% female, age 63 ± 9.8 years, 46% persistent AF). Two hundred and ninety-one patients (68%) were stratified in the ER group and 135 patients (32%) in the LR group. Pulmonary vein reconnections were a common finding in both groups, with 93% in the ER group compared to 86% in the LR group (P = 0.052). In the LR group, 40 of 135 patients (30%) had a recurrence of AF compared to 90 of 291 patients (31%) in the ER group (log-rank P = 0.72).
CONCLUSION: There was no association between the time to recurrence of AF after initial CA and the characteristics and outcomes of the repeat procedure.
Disclosed is an external preparation for the skin, which has a high antibacterial activity against a bacterium that normally colonizes on the skin surface.  The external preparation comprises an apolactoferrin.  The apolactoferrin has a degree of binding to iron of 5% or less.  When an aqueous solution containing the apolactoferrin at a concentration of 1 w/v% is prepared, the aqueous solution has a total cation concentration of 5 mmol/L or less.  The external preparation has a high antibacterial activity against bacteria that normally colonize on the skin surface, is highly safe, and causes no adverse side effect.  Therefore, the external preparation can be used suitably in a product for daily use, including a cosmetic product and a toiletry product.
After operation, patients will be transferred to post anesthesia care unit (PACU) for complete recovery and monitoring. The pain VAS scores between the studied groups will be registered every 4 hours for 24 hours postoperatively. A standard postoperative analgesia regimen will be prescribed as paracetamol 1gm every 6 hours and ketorolac 30mg every 8 hours in the first 24 hours postoperatively. Morphine 2.5 mg will be given as a rescue analgesic dose if visual analogue score was ≥ 3 or when patient suffering from pain between the assessment intervals in both groups not exceeding 0.1 mg/kg in a period of 6 hours. Metoclopramide 0.15 mg/kg IV will be prescribed for patients complaining of nausea or vomiting.
BACKGROUND: The economic and mortality burden of cancer is high worldwide. In Europe, cancer was responsible for 1.3 million deaths in 2020 and incurred an estimated cost of €50 billion from premature mortality. Human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) are among the leading causes of infection-related cancers despite the availability of effective vaccines against these infections. This analysis estimated the mortality and productivity loss of HBV- and HPV-associated cancers that could be preventable through vaccination across European regions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institute for Health Metrics Evaluation (IHME) data were used to estimate mortality, years of life lost (YLL), and the value of years of life lost (VYLL) from five HBV- and HPV-related cancers (oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, cervical, and liver cancers) across 40 European countries in 2019. Preventable deaths and YLL were estimated based on fractions attributable to infections. Data from the World Bank on GDP per capita were used to estimate the VYLL. The robustness of these results was explored with sensitivity and scenario analyses.
RESULTS: In 2019, 31,906 cancer deaths resulted in an economic burden of €18,521,614,725 due to productivity losses across Europe. HPV-related cervical cancer had the highest mortality (19,473 deaths) and economic burden (€10,706,253,185). HBV-related liver cancer and HPV-related larynx, oral cavity, and oropharynx cancers also had a substantial burden, particularly in males. Eastern Europe had the highest YLL (308,179; 39%) and Western Europe was responsible for the greatest VYLL (€8,281,306,504; 45%), although the highest VYLL per death was in Northern Europe (€923,638). HPV-related oropharynx cancer had the highest VYLL per death (€656,607).
CONCLUSION: HPV- and HBV-related cancer deaths are associated with substantial mortality and productivity losses in Europe, which could be reduced by the continued prioritization and implementation of prophylactic public health measures including systematic awareness, vaccination, and screening efforts.
Dental bleaching methods and kits employ a dental bleaching composition, a protective composition and a barrier layer. The dental bleaching composition is positioned so as to contact a person's tooth surfaces. The protective composition is positioned so as to shield a person's gingival tissue from the bleaching composition during tooth bleaching. The barrier layer protects at least the bleaching composition from saliva and/or mechanical forces during tooth bleaching. The dental bleaching composition and protective composition can be in the form of a sticky and viscous gel. The protective composition may alternatively be a flexible polymerizable material. The barrier layer may be a substantially flat sheet, strip or patch, or it may comprise a dental tray.