anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Methenamine mandelate is indicated for the suppression or elimination of bacteriuria associated with pyelonephritis, cystitis, and other chronic urinary tract infections; also those neurologic diseases leading to an infected residual urine. When used as recommended, methenamine mandelate is particularly suitable for long-term therapy because of its safety and because resistance to the nonspecific bactericidal action of formaldehyde does not develop. Pathogens resistant to other antibacterial agents may respond to methenamine mandelate because of the nonspecific effect of formaldehyde formed in an acid urine.

Prophylactic Use Rationale:  Urine is a good culture medium for many urinary pathogens. Inoculation by a few organisms (relapse or reinfection) may lead to bacteriuria in susceptible individuals. Thus, the rationale of management in recurring urinary tract infection (bacteriuria) is to change the urine from a growth-supporting to a growth-inhibiting medium. There is a growing body of evidence that long-term administration of methenamine mandelate can prevent the recurrence of bacteriuria in patients with chronic pyelonephritis.

Therapeutic Use Rationale:  Methenamine mandelate helps to sterilize the urine, and in some situations in which underlying pathologic conditions prevent sterilization by any means, it can help to suppress the bacteriuria. Methenamine mandelate should not be used alone for acute infections with parenchymal involvement causing systemic symptoms such as chills and fever. A thorough diagnostic investigation as a part of the overall management of the urinary tract infection should accompany the use of methenamine mandelate.
Techniques are described and relate to assigning peptides to peptide groups for vaccine development. In an example, a peptide property of a peptide is determined, where this peptide is from different peptides that are to be assigned to different groups of vaccine. A determination is also made that the peptide is to be assigned to a first group from the different groups based at least in part on the peptide property. The first group has a first group property that is based at least in part on peptide properties of first peptides to be assigned to the first group. The first group property is within a similarity range relative to a second group property of a second group from the different groups. Information is generated and indicates that the peptide is assigned to the first group.
This group will not attend the PC CARES sessions. Investigators will collect data from adults and youth at baseline, at 5 monthly timepoints as learning circles are being conducted in the community, and at follow-up (after 1 month and 6 months).
This multi-center, double blind, randomized trial aims to compared the efficacy and safety profiles of sodium alginate oral suspension (50 mg/ml) 20 ml three times daily with that of omeprazole (20 mg/capsule) 1 capsule once daily for the treatment of non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) patients in Taiwan. Patients will be included into study if they are diagnosed as NERD; with heartburn or regurgitation (either one) as main symptom at least 2 days a week and had been present for ≧1 month before screening; with heartburn or regurgitation (either one) during the 7 days screening period, either with frequency for ≧4 days of mild symptom, or ≧ 2 days of moderate to severe symptom; and have signed the informed consent. Patients will be excluded if they are diagnosed as erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Barrett's esophagus or esophageal stricture; with active or healing gastroduodenal ulcer (except scars); with history of gastric, duodenal or esophageal surgery; with intrahepatic stone, gallstone, gallbladder sludge, hepatic or pancreatic carcinoma as evidenced by abdominal ultrasonography, with ischemic heart disease as evidenced by electrocardiogram; taking a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) within 14 days before screening, or a H2-blocker, prokinetic agent or antacid within 7 days before screening; or with clinically significant liver or kidney disease. The primary efficacy endpoint is percentage of patients achieving adequate heartburn (defined as a burning feeling or pain behind the breast bone) or regurgitation (defined as an acid taste in the mouth or unpleasant movement of material upwards from the stomach) relief at day 28 as assessed by patient diary. The secondary efficacy endpoints are percentage of patients achieving adequate heartburn or regurgitation relief at day 14; change from baseline of the reflux disease questionnaire total score at day 14 \& 28; patients' overall satisfaction at the end of study; and number of antacid used during the 4-week treatment period. The safety endpoints are incidence of adverse events, and changes in laboratory test results (hematology, biochemistry, and urinalysis). The study hypothesis is that treatment with sodium alginate is non-inferior to omeprazole in relieving heartburn or regurgitation symptoms of the NERD patients.
Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a syndrome in which local circulation is affected due to increased pressure within the compartment. We previously found in patients with calf fractures, the pressure of fascial compartment could be sharply reduced upon the appearance of tension blisters. Deep fascia, as the important structure for compartment, might play key role in this process. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the differences in gene profile in deep fascia tissue in fracture patients of the calf with or without tension blisters, and to explore the role of fascia in pressure improvement in ACS. Patients with lower leg fracture were enrolled and divided into control group (CON group, n = 10) without tension blister, and tension blister group (TB group, n = 10). Deep fascia tissues were collected and LC-MS/MS label-free quantitative proteomics were performed. Genes involved in fascia structure and fibroblast function were further validated by Western blot. The differentially expressed proteins were found to be mainly enriched in pathways related to protein synthesis and processing, stress fiber assembly, cell-substrate adhesion, leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity, and cellular response to stress. Compared with the CON group, the expression of Peroxidasin homolog (PXDN), which promotes the function of fibroblasts, and Leukocyte differentiation antigen 74 (CD74), which enhances the proliferation of fibroblasts, were significantly upregulated (p all <0.05), while the expression of Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), which is involved in collagen hydrolysis, and Neutrophil elastase (ELANE), which is involved in elastin hydrolysis, were significantly reduced in the TB group (p all <0.05), indicating fascia tissue underwent microenvironment reconstruction during ACS. In summary, the ACS accompanied by blisters is associated with the enhanced function and proliferation of fibroblasts and reduced hydrolysis of collagen and elastin. The adaptive alterations in the stiffness and elasticity of the deep fascia might be crucial for pressure release of ACS.
This SAST trial is a prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial.440 acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with G6PD deficiency will be randomized to receive a 3-month regimen of aspirin 100mg/d or clopidogrel 75mg/d. The primary end point is the proportion of protocol-defined hemolysis at 90 days. Protocol-defined hemolysis is defined as one or more of the following conditions: a) Hemoglobin level declined ≥2.5 g/dL from baseline, meanwhile ruling out bleeding events. b) Hemoglobin level declined ≥25% from baseline, meanwhile ruling out bleeding events. c) Clinically relevant hemolytic events, could manifested as fatigue, back pain, anemia, dark urine and jaundice. The study consists of five visits including the day of randomization, day 4, day10±3days, day27±3days, day90±7days.
This is a prospective, randomized, controlled, open-label, assessor-blinded, split-mouth, single-center post-market clinical follow-up study. The study is designed to compare the clinical efficacy of Scotchbond™ Universal Plus Adhesive with Scotchbond™ Universal Adhesive when used in self-etch mode for preparation of posterior Class I and Class II restorations using Filtek™ Universal Restorative material in adult patients.

Selected endpoints are based partly on the FDI World Dental Federation criteria. Subjects who meet all inclusion and none of the exclusion criteria and who have provided informed consent will be eligible for enrollment and must be treated within 21 days of screening. Either two pre-molars or two molars from each Subject will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio such that one of the teeth will be randomized to undergo restoration using SBU+ Adhesive (Treatment), and the other tooth will undergo restoration using SBU Adhesive (Control). Both study teeth will be restored using Filtek™ Universal Restorative material as the filling material. Individual subject participation is expected to last 2 years (± 45 days) with scheduled study visits at screening, day of restoration/baseline, and follow-up visits at 6 months (± 14 days), 1 year (± 30 days), and 2 years (± 45 days) after restoration. Subjects may participate in additional unscheduled visits as required during the study if evaluation of any study tooth is required outside of the scheduled study visits. Unscheduled visits may be initiated by either the Investigator or the Subject. The entire duration of the study is expected to last approximately 3 years, with individual Subject participation expected to last up to 2 years (± 45 days).

To help minimize or avoid bias in the study, randomization of study teeth will occur after teeth preparation but before the initial application of any adhesive. All assessments will be performed by two dental examiners that are independent of the dentist that placed the restorations and are blinded to the treatment arms. All examiners will be trained and calibrated for the scoring criteria before any Subject assessment occurs, and examiners will be retrained and recalibrated if any new evaluator is added to the list of assessors. After the second examiner has completed their assessments, then the examiners will compare their evaluations and a consensus will be reached for each of the scoring criteria at each visit. A consensus will be reached before the Subject leaves the visit, and the consensus assessments will be entered into the Case Report Form (CRF).
Prexasertib (LY2606368) will be administered as an IV infusion in patients with homologous repair (HR) deficiency on day 1 and day 15 of every 28 day cycle. Prexasertib will be given at the recommended phase 2 dose of 105 mg/m2 administered over approximately 1 hour.
The children will be referred from Stanford Youth Solutions and University of California, San Francisco. Caregivers will undergo a telephone screening according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Written consent for participation will be obtained from participants, parents and/or legal guardians. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three treatment conditions: TF-CBT, CCT, or TAU. Assessments will be administered at 4 time points: 1) pre-treatment, 2) mid-therapy, 3) post-treatment, and 4) three month follow-up. A medical/developmental history form will be completed only pre-treatment. The UCLA PTSD Reaction Index (PTSD-RI) parent and child versions will be used to assess exposure to traumatic events and post-traumatic stress symptoms. Given that trauma has high comorbidity with depression and anxiety disorders these symptoms will be assessed using the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) and Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Executive functioning will be assessed by both child and parent report using the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF).

In addition, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRs) will be conducted at each of these time points to assess tasks of working memory, response inhibition, and facial recognition. The investigators will be using the NIRScout which is a portable NIRS recording unit. NIRS technology uses specific wavelengths of light, introduced at the scalp, to enable the noninvasive measurement of changes in the relative ratios of deoxygenated hemoglobin (deoxy-Hb) and oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) in the capillary beds during brain activity.
OBJECTIVE: U2AF homology motif kinase 1 (UHMK1) is a newly discovered molecule that may have multiple functions. Recent studies have revealed that UHMK1 had aberrant expression in many tumors and was associated with tumor progression. However, UHMK1 was rarely reported in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
STUDY DESIGN: In this study, Western blot, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of UHMK1 in OSCC and peritumoral non-neoplastic tissues. Then, its relationship with clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model were used to analyze the effects of UHMK1 expression on the prognosis and survival of OSCC patients.
RESULTS: Our results showed that UHMK1 had higher expression in OSCC tissues compared with in peritumoral non-neoplastic tissues, and its high expression was associated with high TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. High UHMK1 expression was related to short overall and disease-free survival times. Moreover, UHMK1 expression was identified as an independent prognostic factor that influences overall and disease-free survival of OSCC patients.
CONCLUSIONS: High expression of UHMK1 is associated with the poor prognosis of patients, and it can be used as a potential prognostic molecule for OSCC.
INTRODUCTION: Low back pain (LBP) is the leading global cause of disability. Patients with moderate to severe LBP who respond positively to a diagnostic medial nerve branch block can be offered radiofrequency denervation (RFD). However, high-quality evidence on the effectiveness of RFD is lacking.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: RADICAL (RADIofrequenCy denervAtion for Low back pain) is a double-blind, parallel-group, superiority randomised controlled trial. A total of 250 adults listed for RFD will be recruited from approximately 20 National Health Service (NHS) pain and spinal clinics. Recruitment processes will be optimised through qualitative research during a 12-month internal pilot phase. Participants will be randomised in theatre using a 1:1 allocation ratio to RFD or placebo. RFD technique will follow best practice guidelines developed for the trial. Placebo RFD will follow the same protocol, but the electrode tip temperature will not be raised. Participants who do not experience a clinically meaningful improvement in pain 3 months after randomisation will be offered the alternative intervention to the one provided at the outset without disclosing the original allocation. The primary clinical outcome will be pain severity, measured using a pain Numeric Rating Scale, at 3 months after randomisation. Secondary outcomes will be assessed up to 2 years after randomisation and include disability, health-related quality of life, psychological distress, time to pain recovery, satisfaction, adverse events, work outcomes and healthcare utilisation. The primary statistical analyses will be by intention to treat and will follow a prespecified analysis plan. The primary economic evaluation will take an NHS and social services perspective and estimate the discounted cost per quality-adjusted life-year and incremental net benefit of RFD over the 2-year follow-up period.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval was obtained from the London-Fulham Research Ethics Committee (21/LO/0471). Results will be disseminated in open-access publications and plain language summaries.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN16473239.
Patients receive gemcitabine IV over 30 minutes and irinotecan IV over 90 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15. Courses repeat every 4 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
BACKGROUND: The occurrence of exacerbations has major effects on the health of people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Monitoring devices that measure (vital) parameters hold promise for timely identification and treatment of exacerbations. Stakeholders' perspectives on the use of monitoring devices are of importance for the successful development and implementation of a device.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the potential use and value of a wearable monitoring bracelet (MB) for patients with COPD at high risk for exacerbation. The perspectives of health care professionals as well as patients were examined, both immediately after hospitalization and over a longer period. Furthermore, potential facilitators and barriers to the use and implementation of an MB were explored.
METHODS: Data for this qualitative study were collected from January to April 2023. A total of 11 participants (eg, n=6 health care professionals [HCPs], 2 patients, and 3 additional patients) participated. In total, 2 semistructured focus groups were conducted via video calls; 1 with HCPs of various professional backgrounds and 1 with patients. In addition, 3 semistructured individual interviews were held with patients. The interviews and focus groups addressed attitudes, wishes, needs, as well as factors that could either support or impede the potential MB use. Data from interviews and focus groups were coded and analyzed according to the principles of the framework method.
RESULTS: HCPs and patients both predominantly emphasized the importance of an MB in terms of promptly identifying exacerbations by detecting deviations from normal (vital) parameters, and subsequently alerting users. According to HCPs, this is how an MB should support the self-management of patients. Most participants did not anticipate major differences in value and use of an MB between the short-term and the long-term periods after hospitalization. Facilitators of the potential use and implementation of an MB that participants highlighted were ease of use and some form of support for patients in using an MB and interpreting the data. HCPs as well as patients expressed concerns about potential costs as a barrier to use and implementation. Another barrier that HCPs mentioned, was the prerequisite of digital literacy for patients to be able to interpret and react to the data from an MB.
CONCLUSIONS: HCPs and patients both recognize that an MB could be beneficial and valuable to patients with COPD at high risk for exacerbation, in the short as well as the long term. In particular, they perceived value in supporting self-management of patients with COPD. Stakeholders would be able to use the obtained insights in support of the effective implementation of MBs in COPD patient care, which can potentially improve health care and the overall well-being of patients with COPD.
PRIMULA Preg (Prospective Registry Investigating Maternal and Infant Outcomes in Anifrolumab Users) is a US-based, prospective, observational cohort study designed to evaluate the association between anifrolumab exposure during pregnancy and subsequent adverse maternal, fetal, and infant outcomes. The objective of the pregnancy registry is to compare adverse maternal, fetal, and infant outcomes of pregnant individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who are exposed to anifrolumab during pregnancy with outcomes in an internal comparison cohort of pregnant individuals with moderate/severe SLE who are not exposed to anifrolumab during pregnancy. Participation in the registry is voluntary and participants can withdraw their consent to participate at any time. The study is strictly observational; the schedule of office visits and all treatment regimens will be determined by HCPs. Only data that are documented in patients' medical records during medical care will be actively collected. No additional laboratory tests or HCP assessments will be required as part of this registry. This study will fulfil an FDA post-marketing requirement.
The recommended dosage for adult patients 17 years of age and older is included in Table 1. Administer the total daily dosage orally in two or three divided doses as indicated in Table 1. Based on clinical response and tolerability, dosage may be increased, approximately weekly.

Both the efficacy and adverse event profiles of pregabalin capsules have been shown to be dose-related.

The effect of dose escalation rate on the tolerability of pregabalin capsules has not been formally studied.

The efficacy of adjunctive pregabalin capsules in patients taking gabapentin has not been evaluated in controlled trials. Consequently, dosing recommendations for the use of pregabalin capsules with gabapentin cannot be offered.

Pediatric use information is approved for Pfizer’s LYRICA (pregabalin) Capsules and Oral Solution products. However, due to Pfizer’s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that pediatric information.
Kisspeptin and its receptor, Kiss1r, are novel players in the central balance of energy intake and expenditure. Recent evidence also indicates that kisspeptin signalling is important in thermoregulation and generation of the circadian rhythm. We used global Kiss1r knockout mice (Kiss1r KO), which are hypogonadal and develop obesity, to determine the impact of kisspeptin on circadian related behaviour. Voluntary wheel running was examined in Kiss1r KO and wild-type (WT) mice, using gonad intact and gonadectomised (GDX) mice to account for the effects of kisspeptin on gonadal sex steroids. Intact male and female Kiss1r KO mice covered only 10% and 30% of the distance travelled each day by their respective WT controls. In all mice, most of the running activity occurred during the dark phase. GDX WT mice ran significantly less during dark periods than the intact WT. GDX Kiss1r KO male mice ran significantly less than the GDX WT male mice, but the decrease was attenuated compared to intact mice. There was no difference between the female GDX Kiss1r KO and GDX WT. In contrast to the obese phenotype that develops in Kiss1r KO mice, body mass at the end of the study was significantly lower in the GDX Kiss1r KO than it was in the GDX WT mice. The difference in wheel running activity was not associated with any histological change in WAT, BAT, or muscle diameter. No difference in immunohistochemistry expression was seen in lateral hypothalamic orexin neurons or dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area / substantia nigra. We observed increased Iba1 expression (activation of microglia) in the arcuate nucleus of male Kiss1r KO mice. Overall, the circadian locomotor activity in male Kiss1r KO mice appears dependant on kisspeptin signalling and the obese phenotype does not develop in Kiss1r KO mice when they engage in voluntary activity.