anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The neurodevelopmental disorder known as cerebral palsy (CP) is caused by damage to the developing brain and is characterized by abnormalities of muscle tone, mobility, and motor skills. A person with cerebral palsy can be classified according to how it affects movement, the area of the body that is affected, and how severe the effects are. Children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy have a variety of motor and sensory deficits in the upper limb, which makes it more difficult to perform everyday tasks including reaching, gripping, releasing, and manipulating things. The movement produced by constraints on the less-affected hand and extensive training on the more-affected hand aims to enhance upper limb function in hemiparetic youngsters. One such intervention to improve the motor function of these patients is the use of mirror therapy. Mirror therapy is one of the more recent approaches to helping the more severely afflicted upper extremities regain function after stroke. During mirror therapy, a mirror is held in the patient's midsagittal plane, reflecting the less-affected side as though it were the more-affected side. In this arrangement, the motions of the less affected extremity give the impression that the more affected extremity is moving normally. Mirror treatment is easy to use, reasonably priced, and non-intrusive. This makes it a promising and secure complement to hemiparesis therapy for children. Sensorimotor training involves proprioceptive and balance exercises that were developed to help individuals suffering from chronic musculoskeletal pain syndromes. Repetitive sensorimotor training may increase the responsiveness of nociceptive-evoked potentials. Motor training, on the other hand, focuses on skill acquisition through repetition. Through this study, the investigator wants to use a combination of techniques to improve upper limb function and quality of movement in patients with CP
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) describes the cyclic appearance of affective symptoms and resultant impairment during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The objective of this trial is to determine if extended oral contraceptive (OC) regimens with eliminated pill-free intervals will successfully prevent the expression of PMDD symptoms. The central hypothesis of this application is that continuous administration of OCs will minimize the destabilizing effects of changing reproductive steroid levels and prevent PMDD symptom emergence. The cause of PMDD is unknown, the morbidity substantial, and the identified treatments limited in their effectiveness, since 40% of PMDD women are non-responders to elective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Earlier controlled studies of OCs to treat PMDD failed to find OCs superior to placebo using the traditional 21/7 platform (21 active pills followed by a 7 day pill-free interval (PFI)). Two recent trials of a low dose OC using a 24/4 platform did report greater reductions in premenstrual symptoms relative to placebo, presumably due to the shortened PFI. Despite the apparent efficacy of the 3-day extended dosing of this OC, the placebo response rate was substantial in these studies, resulting in a low effect size. Moreover, no steroid hormone levels were examined in these prior studies. In the absence of hormonal data, inferences about the mechanism of efficacy of extended OCs must remain speculative and untested.

Our proposed research will addresses the critical role of hormonal change in the precipitation of PMDD symptoms before and after treatment with a continuous OC regimen, an interrupted OC regimen (21/7 platform) and continuous placebo. This study will also permit us to examine the role of neurosteroids in PMDD. While acting acutely as anxiolytic positive modulators of the gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptor, these neurosteroids may paradoxically reduce the response of the GABAA receptor and cause irritability (in rats) following either extended exposure or withdrawal. Further, our prior research suggests that elevated levels of or changes in peripheral neurosteroid levels are associated with dysphoric mood symptoms in women with PMDD. Our hypothesis is that changes in neurosteroids modulate symptom severity rather than appearance in PMDD. The results of our study will suggest therapeutic targets and will inform future studies of both PMDD and related affective disorders.
Cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) is a life-threatening systemic inflammatory syndrome involving innate immune hyperactivity triggered by various therapies, infections, and autoimmune conditions. However, the potential interplay between innate immune cells is not fully understood. Here, using poly I:C and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine storm models, a protective role of neutrophils through the modulation of macrophage activation was identified in a CSS model. Intravital imaging revealed neutrophil-derived extracellular vesicles (NDEVs) in the liver and spleen, which were captured by macrophages. NDEVs suppressed proinflammatory cytokine production by macrophages when cocultured in vitro or infused into CSS models. Metabolic profiling of macrophages treated with NDEV revealed elevated levels of the anti-inflammatory metabolite, itaconate, which is produced from cis-aconitate in the Krebs cycle by cis-aconitate decarboxylase (Acod1, encoded by Irg1). Irg1 in macrophages, but not in neutrophils, was critical for the NDEV-mediated anti-inflammatory effects. Mechanistically, NDEVs delivered miR-27a-3p, which suppressed the expression of Suclg1, the gene encoding the enzyme that metabolizes itaconate, thereby resulting in the accumulation of itaconate in macrophages. These findings demonstrated that neutrophil-to-macrophage communication mediated by extracellular vesicles is critical for promoting the anti-inflammatory reprogramming of macrophages in CSS and may have potential implications for the treatment of this fatal condition.
Microcellular ceramic material comprises a plurality of elongated vitreous micro sized ceramic rods which are placed in side-by-side touching relation and define elongated lines of contact therebetween. The rods also define interstices therebetween which may be void or may be filled or substantially filled with vitreous fibers, polymer materials, acid soluble or insoluble vitreous fibers and other suitable fibers. The rod mass either so filled or unfilled is first fused at the lines of rod contact by elevated temperature and is then annealed to cause the ceramic fibers to crystallize and form an elongated porous crystalline log. The log is then sectioned transversely or linearly to form thin wafers which in turn are built up in layers which are fused to form useful integral composite cellular objects. Through use of selectively arranged colored fibers the transversely sectioned wafers will have controlled microdots of color to provide the object with controlled color characteristics. Where polymer material is employed to fill the interstices, it may contain color pigments to achieve desired color characteristics.
INTRODUCTION: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based brain morphometric changes in unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced Parkinson's disease (PD) model can be elucidated using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), study of alterations in gray matter volume and Machine Learning (ML) based analyses.
METHODS: We investigated gray matter atrophy in 6-OHDA induced PD model as compared to sham control using statistical and ML based analysis. VBM and atlas-based volumetric analysis was carried out at regional level. Support vector machine (SVM)-based algorithms wherein features (volume) extracted from (a) each of the 150 brain regions (b) statistically significant features (only) and (c) volumes of each cluster identified after application of VBM (VBM_Vol) were used for training the decision model. The lesion of the 6-OHDA model was validated by estimating the net contralateral rotational behaviour by the injection of apomorphine drug and motor impairment was assessed by rotarod and open field test.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: In PD, gray matter volume (GMV) atrophy was noted in bilateral cortical and subcortical brain regions, especially in the internal capsule, substantia nigra, midbrain, primary motor cortex and basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits in comparison with sham control. Behavioural results revealed an impairment in motor performance. SVM analysis showed 100% classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity at both 3 and 7 weeks using VBM_Vol.
CONCLUSION: Unilateral 6-OHDA induced GMV changes in both hemispheres at 7th week may be associated with progression of the disease in the PD model. SVM based approaches provide an increased classification accuracy to elucidate GMV atrophy.
The invention relates to tablets with the efficacies of moistening lung and resolving phlegm and a preparation method of the tablets. The tablets are prepared from the following medicinal materials in parts by weight: 25-38 parts of radix peucedani, 20-35 parts of fructus trichosanthis, 20-33 parts of cuttle bone, 18-30 parts of tuber of Curcuma wenyujinY.H. Chen et C. Ling, C. longa L., C. kwangsiensisS.G. Lee et C.F. Liang or C. phaeocaulisVal., 18-30 parts of rhizoma pinelliae processed by ginger, 15-28 parts of bamboo juice, 15-28 parts of Indian rorippa herb, 15-25 parts of herba commelinae,13-23 parts of all-grass of Humulus scandens (Lour.) Merr., 12-22 parts of daige powder, 10-20 parts of pumice, 10-20 parts of apricot kernels, 8-16 parts of rhizoma paridis chinensis, 8-15 parts of spica prunellae, 6-14 parts of thory elaeagnus leaves, 5-14 parts of cortex magnoliae officinalis, 2-10 parts of radix aucklandiae, and 1-7 parts of flower heads of Inula britannica L. var. chinensis (Rupr.) Reg., I. linariaefolia Turcz. or I. britannica L. The tablets with the efficacies of moistening the lung and resolving phlegm provided by the invention can effectively and rapidly exert the efficacies of moistening lung and resolving phlegm, and have good treatment effects for the symptoms including stomachache, stomach acid regurgitation, pneumonia cough, chest and rib-side swelling pain, throat dryness and the like.
Neuroinflammation is a process involved in a variety of central nervous system (CNS) diseases and is being increasingly recognized as a key mediator of cognitive impairments. Neuroinflammatory responses including glial activation, increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, and aberrant neuronal signaling, contribute to cognitive dysfunctions. Histamine is a key peripheral inflammatory mediator, but plays an important role in neuroinflammatory processes as well. The unique localization of histamine H3 receptor (H3R) in the CNS along with the modulation of the release of other neurotransmitters via its action on heteroreceptors on non-histaminergic neurons have led to the development of several H3R ligands for various brain diseases. H3R antagonists/ inverse agonists have revealed potential to treat diverse neuroinflammatory CNS disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, attention-deficit hyperactivity syndrome and schizophrenia. In this mini review, we provide a brief overview on the crucial involvement of the histaminergic transmission in the neuroinflammatory processes underlying these cognitive disorders, with a special focus on H3R involvement. The anti-neuroinflammatory potential of single-targeted and multi-targeted H3R antagonists/inverse agonists for the treatment of these conditions is discussed here.
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the therapeutic effect of laparoscopic surgery combined with the plasma electric cutting knife on patients diagnosed with rectal cancer and its impact on serum inflammatory factors in the bloodstream.
METHODS: The researchers examined the clinical data of 85 patients who underwent laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal cancer in our hospital from April 2020 to December 2021. The patients comprised two groups: an observation group of 40 cases and a control group of 45 cases. The CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+ levels in both groups were detected using flow cytometry. The levels of relevant inflammatory factors in serum were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer. The researchers then compared the perioperative outcomes between the two groups.
RESULTS: The observation group demonstrated significantly shorter duration for the first time passing gas after surgery (P = .029) and hospital stays (P = .002) than the control group. Both groups experienced decreased levels of CD8+ cells following treatment, with the observation group exhibiting lower levels than the control group (P < .05). After three months of treatment, both groups showed reduced levels of relevant serum inflammatory factors, TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8; however, the observation group was significantly lower than the control group with statistical significance (P < .05). Similarly, after three months of treatment, both groups exhibited lower levels of relevant serum electrolytes K+, Na+, and Cl-, with the observation group having lower levels than the control group (P < .05). Throughout the 12-month follow-up period, the two groups had no significant differences (P > .05) in complications such as urinary tract infection, anastomotic leakage, or anastomotic bleeding.
CONCLUSION: Using a combination of laparoscopic techniques and a plasma electric cutting knife proved a highly effective surgical approach in treating rectal cancer. The method has numerous advantages, such as enhanced safety and few complications. When considering perioperative complications, it was evident that laparoscopic combined with the plasma electric cutting knife surpassed other surgical methods in treating rectal cancer.
A nanosphere composite is disclosed. The nanosphere composite includes a chitosan and a ligosulfonate. The chitosan and the ligosulfonate are covalently cross-linked. A crosslinker of the nanosphere composite includes formaldehyde. A method of preparing the nanosphere composite is also disclosed. The method includes providing a first solution comprising a chitosan; providing a second solution comprising a ligosulfonate; mixing the first solution and the second solution to form a mixture; and adding a crosslinking solution comprising formaldehyde to the mixture to produce a suspension.
During the phase I part the study will include at least 3 patients at each dose-level until MTD is reached. Each cohort will consist of newly enrolled patients. Intra-patient dose escalation is not permitted. Once MTD is reached a total of 6 patients will be treated at MTD (phase I). For the phase II the minimax two-stage design will be applied. After testing the drug on 16 patients in the first stage of phase II, the trial will be terminated if 1 or fewer respond (SD, PR, CR). If the trial goes on to the second stage, a total of 34 patients will be studied during the phase II part.
BACKGROUND: The burden of asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) is greater than that of heart failure; however, a cost-effective tool for asymptomatic LVD screening has not been well validated. We aimed to prospectively validate an artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled electrocardiography (ECG) algorithm for asymptomatic LVD detection and evaluate its cost-effectiveness for opportunistic screening.
METHODS: In this prospective observational study, patients undergoing ECG at outpatient clinics or health check-ups were enrolled in 2 hospitals in Taiwan. Patients were stratified into LVD (left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 40%) risk groups according to a previously developed ECG algorithm. The performance of AI-ECG was used to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of LVD screening compared with no screening. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and sensitivity analyses were used to examine the cost-effectiveness and robustness of the results.
RESULTS: Among the 29,137 patients, the algorithm demonstrated areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.984 and 0.945 for detecting LVD within 28 days in the 2 hospital cohorts. For patients not initially scheduled for ECG, the algorithm predicted future echocardiograms (high-risk, 46.2%; medium-risk, 31.4%; low-risk, 14.6%) and LVD (high-risk, 26.2%; medium-risk, 3.4%; low-risk, 0.1%) at 12 months. Opportunistic screening with AI-ECG could result in a negative ICER of -$7,439 for patients aged 65 years, with consistent cost-savings across age groups and particularly in men. Approximately 91.5% of the cases were found to be cost-effective at the willingness-to-pay threshold of $30,000 in the probabilistic analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of AI-ECG for asymptomatic LVD risk stratification is promising, and opportunistic screening in outpatient clinics has the potential to reduce costs.
In the clinical study assessing the efficacy and safety of BIVIGAM in 63 subjects with PI ( see Clinical Studies [14.1]), serum concentrations of total IgG and IgG subclasses were measured in 21 subjects (ages 18 to 75) following the 4th infusion for the 5 subjects on the 3-week dosing interval and following the 5th infusion for the 16 subjects on the 4-week dosing interval. The dose of BIVIGAM used in these subjects ranged from 300 mg/kg to 800 mg/kg. After the infusion, blood samples were taken until Day 21 and Day 28 for the 3-week and 4-week dosing intervals, respectively. Table 5 summarizes the Total IgG Pharmacokinetic Parameters of BIVIGAM, based on serum concentrations of total IgG. 

Table 5: Total IgG Pharmacokinetic Parameter Estimates (PK Population) in Adults

AUC tau = steady-state area under the plasma concentration versus time curve with tau = dosing interval; CL = total body clearance; C max = maximum concentration; C min= minimum concentration; CV = coefficient of variation; n = number of subjects; NA = not applicable; SD = standard deviation; T max = time of maximum concentration; t ½ = terminal half-life; V ss = Volume of distribution steady-state; a Median and Range. 

The median terminal half-life of BIVIGAM was 30 days for the 21 subjects. Mean trough IgG subclass levels were consistent with physiological values.

In a pediatric-only clinical study in 16 children and adolescents ≥2 to ≤16 years of age with PI, 10 subjects in the PK population contributed sufficient samples for the non-compartmental analysis of serum concentrations of total IgG and IgG subclasses after the 5 th infusion (4-week regimen) or 7 th infusion (3-week regimen). A population pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted using data pooled from the pediatric only clinical study together with the prior study conducted in adult and pediatric subjects with PI. Based on the pooled population pharmacokinetic analysis in 79 subjects using all evaluable total IgG PK concentrations, the clearance of BIVIGAM was similar across age groups (Table 6). After correcting for body weight no other patient-specific factors were found to affect BIVIGAM pharmacokinetics. Trough concentrations were maintained throughout the study and mean trough concentrations were well above the target trough concentration of 500 mg/dL for both treatment cycles in pediatric (≥ 2 years old) as well as adult subjects at all time points. 

Table 6 Summary of Total IgG Clearance By Age Group

CV=coefficient of variation.
The patients suffering from aortic valve stenosis, that are not eligible for cardiosurgery were indicated to miniinvasive transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The follow up of 930 patients were done in time interval from 1 to 11 years. In every patient the preprocedural CT scans were done. From these CT scans the L3 cross sections will be used for sarcopenia evaluation. Then we will statisticaly evaluate the overal survival after TAVI procedure in the relation with sarcopenia status. We will answer the main question: Is CT evaluated sarcopenia an independent predictor of overal survival after TAVI?
Cryptosporidia (Cryptosporidium) is a protozoan that is widely parasitic in the intestinal cells of humans and animals, and it is also an important zoonotic parasite. However, there is no epidemiological investigation on Cryptosporidium spp. infection in infants with diarrhea of Inner Mongolia, the largest livestock region in China. To investigate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium, 2435 fresh fecal samples were collected from children with diarrhea in Inner Mongolia Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital. Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium was carried out based on its 18S rRNA and gp60 gene sequences. The overall prevalence was 12.85% (313/2435), and in Hohhot (12.15%), it was lower than that in the surrounding city (14.87%) (P < 0.05). Moreover, Cryptosporidium was detected in different seasons and sexes. Concerning the age of children with diarrhea, the prevalence of those age groups between 0 and 1 was obviously lower than others, and there were significant differences in the prevalence at different ages (P < 0.001). Analysis of the 18S rRNA gene sequence revealed that all the positive samples were Cryptosporidium parvum, and there were 5 subtypes (IIdA23G3, IIdA24G3, IIdA24G4, IIdA25G3, and IIdA25G4). To the best of our knowledge, the above subtypes have not been reported. Our results provide a relevant basis for control and education on food safety and foodborne illness prevention.
Language is supported by a distributed network of brain regions with a particular contribution from the left hemisphere. A multi-level understanding of this network requires studying its genetic architecture. We used resting-state imaging data from 29,681 participants (UK Biobank) to measure connectivity between 18 left-hemisphere regions involved in multimodal sentence-level processing, as well as their right-hemisphere homotopes, and interhemispheric connections. Multivariate genome-wide association analysis of this total network, based on genetic variants with population frequencies  >1%, identified 14 genomic loci, of which three were also associated with asymmetry of intrahemispheric connectivity. Polygenic dispositions to lower language-related abilities, dyslexia and left-handedness were associated with generally reduced leftward asymmetry of functional connectivity. Exome-wide association analysis based on rare, protein-altering variants (frequencies <1%) suggested 7 additional genes. These findings shed new light on genetic contributions to language network organization and related behavioural traits.
The safety and effectiveness of FOSCAVIR in pediatric patients have not been established. FOSCAVIR is deposited in teeth and bone and deposition is greater in young and growing animals. FOSCAVIR has been demonstrated to adversely affect development of tooth enamel in mice and rats. The effects of this deposition on skeletal development have not been studied. 

Since deposition in human bone has also been shown to occur, it is likely that it does so to a greater degree in developing bone in pediatric patients. Administration to pediatric patients should be undertaken only after careful evaluation and only if the potential benefits for treatment outweigh the risks.
The partially dried formulation, dmLT and LCTBA are spray-dried and mixed with the buffer granules and stabilizing excipients in a sachet. Prior to administration, the content of the buffer sachet (buffer, dmLT, and LCTBA) is dissolved in 150 ml tap water, followed by the addition of a liquid suspension of inactivated bacteria (ETEX 21-24).
1,267,514. Veterinary compositions. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORP. 17 July, 1969 [23 July, 1968], No. 35201/68. Heading A5B. [Also in Division A1] A composition for rendering a female pig responsive to the back pressure test when in oestrus comprises 5α-androst-16-en-3-one and/ or 3α-hydroxy-5α-androst-16-ene and an inert carrier which will enable the steroid compound to be presented to the pig and detected by the sense of smell. The carrier is preferably a sprayable powder or liquid and the composition may be in the form of an aerosol. A process for the artificial insemination of female pigs includes the step of introducing into the environment of the female pig immediately prior to testing for oestrus response one of the above specified steroids.