anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Catecholamine surge and haemodynamic derangements are normally expected during the surgery for pheochromocytoma and benign functioning adrenal tumours. This male patient in his 50s underwent radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. The patient had no comorbidities. Three hours into the surgery, during electrocauterisation of the upper pole of the kidney, the patient's blood pressure unexpectedly spiked to 180/110 mm Hg, which was immediately followed by a decrease in heart rate to 35-38 beats/min. The surgeons were instructed to briefly halt the surgical manipulation. The blood pressure returned to the pre-surge level within 30-45 s. The surgery was completed without further complications, and the patient had an uneventful recovery. The episode is suggestive of the probability that the electrocauterisation of the upper pole of the kidney led to the accidental cauterisation of the adrenal gland, resulting in a transient catecholamine surge, increase in blood pressure and reflex bradycardia suggesting norepinephrine release. Treating bradycardia with atropine in such situations can exacerbate the effects of catecholamines and lead to dangerous tachyarrhythmias. The case report highlights the importance of vigilant monitoring during electrocauterisation of the upper pole of the kidney, invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring in detecting and recording such occurrences and cautiously selecting a treatment plan.
BACKGROUND: Preoperative anemia is known to be associated with perioperative complications in many surgical interventions. Here, we examine the effects of preoperative anemia on peri-operative complications and postoperative outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing spinal fusion.
METHODS: Retrospective analysis was conducted using the American College of Surgeons Pediatric National Surgery Quality Improvement Program Database between 2012-2020. Current Procedural Terminology codes 22800, 22,802, 22,804, 22,840, 22,842, 22,843, and 22,844 were included to represent all primary spinal fusion procedures performed. Patients without preoperative hematocrit (HCT) levels were excluded. Classification of anemia was determined via age- and sex-adjusted HCT levels. Patient demographics, preoperative comorbidities and risk factors, and 30-day postoperative outcomes were compared between the 2 cohorts using univariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed to determine if anemia severity was independently associated with worse postoperative outcomes.
RESULTS: A total of 30,243 pediatric patients were included in this study, with 26,621 not having preoperative anemia and 3622 having preoperative anemia. Pediatric patients with anemia have increased length of stay (LOS) (6.7 ± 9.6 vs. 5 ± 6, P < 0.001), 30-day unplanned reoperation rate (4% vs. 2.8%, P < 0.001), and total blood transfused (489.9 ± 497.8 vs. 423.4 ± 452.6, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis supported anemia and degree of its severity as an independent predictor of increased length of stay (LOS), reoperation rate, and postoperative complications.
CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative anemia leads to worse outcomes in pediatric spinal fusion procedures. Utilizing HCT recordings could be factored into the equation for optimal patient selection and prevention of post-operative complications.
BACKGROUND: Ataxia Telangiectasia (AT) is a genetic disorder characterized by compromised DNA repair, cerebellar degeneration, and immune dysfunction. Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving AT pathology is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
METHODS: In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying AT pathology. Using publicly available RNA-seq datasets comparing control and AT samples, we employed in silico transcriptomics to identify potential genes and pathways. We performed differential gene expression analysis with DESeq2 to reveal dysregulated genes associated with AT. Additionally, we constructed a Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network to explore the interactions between proteins implicated in AT.
RESULTS: The network analysis identified hub genes, including TYROBP and PCP2, crucial in immune regulation and cerebellar function, respectively. Furthermore, pathway enrichment analysis unveiled dysregulated pathways linked to AT pathology, providing insights into disease progression.
CONCLUSION: Our integrated approach offers a holistic understanding of the complex molecular landscape of AT and identifies potential targets for therapeutic intervention. By combining transcriptomic analysis with network-based methods, we provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of AT pathogenesis.
Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell neoplasm driven by primary (e.g. hyperdiploidy; IGH translocations) and secondary (e.g. 1q21 gains/amplifications; del(17p); MYC translocations) chromosomal events. These are important to detect as they influence prognosis, therapeutic response and disease survival. Currently, cytogenetic testing is most commonly performed by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) on aspirated bone marrow samples. A number of variations to FISH methodology are available, including prior plasma cell enrichment and incorporation of immunophenotypic plasma cell identification. Other molecular methods are increasingly being utilised to provide a genome-wide view at high resolution (e.g. single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray analysis) and these can detect abnormalities in most cases. Despite their wide application at diagnostic assessment, both FISH and SNP-array have relatively low sensitivity, limiting their use for identification of prognostically significant low-level sub-clones or for disease monitoring. Next-generation sequencing is increasingly being used to detect mutations and new FISH techniques such as by flow cytometry are in development and may address some of the current test limitations. Here we review the primary and secondary cytogenetic aberrations in myeloma and discuss the range of techniques available for their assessment.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce the subject preparation in short coating time and high productivity without using a preparation process for a coating liquid by spray- coating a powdery polymeric coating agent to a solid agent while spraying a solvent capable of dissolving the polymeric coating agent to the solid agent. SOLUTION: A solid agent is spray-coated with a powdery polymeric coating agent while spraying a solvent capable of dissolving the polymeric coating agent. The polymeric coating agent is e.g. a cellulose acetate phthalate or methyl cellulose and the particle diameter of the powdery coating agent is preferably <=10μm. The amount of the polymeric coating agent is 5-50wt.% based on the solid preparation. The amount of the solvent is preferably 50-200wt.% based on the polymeric coating agent and 2.5-100wt.% based on the solid preparation. The coating apparatus is preferably a centrifugal flow- coating apparatus having a moderate stirring capability.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a very important health problem worldwide. Majority of the estimated 160 million people infected globally are unaware of their affliction \[1\]. It is a leading cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In the United States alone, HCV infection is the most common chronic blood-borne infection, affecting about 3.2 million individuals The study will look at real-time adherence monitoring with Portal-724 MEMS cap. It integrates medication bottle, Smart Cap, Pill Dispenser, Embedded Computer, Embedded Cellular Modem and Tamper Proof apparatus. This device is capable of transmitting pill dispensing events from the patient's home to the Cloud over Cellular and IP networks. The transmission is done in real time if cellular coverage is above 1-bar, but if the cell signal is not available or if the signal is below the threshold, then the device Store-and-Forward feature is automatically activated. The patient will be randomized to real-time monitoring or to have monitoring data download monthly at each study visit while taking hepatitis C medications
Patients will be operated with a standard exploratory PTX, with visual identification of PTGs. Unilateral or bilateral parathyroid exploration will be determined by the surgeon, depending on preoperative imaging and intraoperative findings. Usually, the procedure will be terminated when intraoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) measurement shows a \>50% decline, after removal of suspected pathological PTGs.
Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is broadly defined as the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse or activity. Current treatment for ED consists of oral medications, vacuum devices, intracavernosal injections, and surgically placed penile prosthetics. In the literature, this has been described as a Stepwise Approach, offering therapy beginning with the least invasive treatment option.

The low intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (LISWT) was recently approved by the FDA for treatment of diabetic ulcers. But it is still under evaluation for treatment of ED. Recently, the European Association of Urology updated their guidelines related to ED and included LISWT for men with mild to moderate ED. Studies have reported that LISWT can be effective in treating ED. This was attributed to increase in angiogenesis, neurogenesis and other rejuvenating tissue effects. Doppler ultrasound studies have demonstrated a sustained increase in blood flow in patients treated with LISWT. Published studies have also reported a response rate of 40-80% with this treatment. In addition, the energy/pulse used in this application is approximately 10% of the energy used for disintegrating kidney stones; and no serious side effects have been reported till date.

Additionally, most completed studies included men who score in the moderate to minimal ranges on the International Index of Erectile Function. In the proposed study, men with severe to moderate ED based on IIEF-EF score will be included. The goal of this study is to improve and/or restore erectile function in men with erectile dysfunction. The investigators hypothesize (Alternate Hypothesis) that patients in the active treatment group (DualStim + Wharton's Jelly) will show an improvement of at least 4 points for moderate ED and at least 7 points for severe ED on IIEF-EF scale/questionnaire, and this difference will be significantly different from their baseline. In addition, patients in the DualStim + Saline group will be significantly different from their baseline, however, will show less improvement compared to DualStim + Wharton's Jelly. Our null hypothesis is that there is no difference between DualStim with Saline and DualStim with Wharton's Jelly groups and no difference between the baseline and after-treatment within the treatment groups for alleviating ED measured using International Index of Erectile Function score (IIEF-EF).
A total of 100 healthy newborns who will be given formula feeding of known volume, and then serial ultrasound imaging of gastric antral volume will be performed until gastric emptying. Follow up of these newborns at two later time intervals will be performed (between ages 4-6 months, and 9-12 months).
In Vietnam, there is a low level of diabetes knowledge among the general population, and significantly lower awareness in rural areas compared with urban areas. This highlights the urgent need for communication and education to improve the knowledge of the Vietnamese population of patients with type 2 diabetes on risk factors, complications, prevention and treatment. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the effects of a patient education and self-management intervention as add-on to usual diabetes care in a low-resource setting on diabetes knowledge and blood glucose control parameters in Vietnamese patients with type 2 diabetes.

This is a single-center, randomized, controlled study among adult out-patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients meeting the inclusion criteria are randomly assigned to a community intervention or to usual diabetes care alone (control group) for a period of 3 months. The intervention consists of group education on type 2 diabetes, including, in addition to usual diabetes care: information on diet, exercise, drug therapy, and adherence. Each patient should attend the group education monthly over 3 consecutive months. Usual diabetes care is consistent with the ADA guidelines and comprises standard dietary and exercise advice in addition to antidiabetes treatment. Diabetes knowledge is measured with a modified Michigan University Diabetes Knowledge Test (MDKT). Other study outcomes includes change in mean HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, and systolic blood pressure.
Patients, 18-65 years old, presented with ankle sprain are enrolled into the study. Pain over 24 hours, pain intensity lower than 40 mm, allergy to the study drug, drug alcohol abuse and pregnancy or breastfeeding are the exclusion criteria. The study interventions are 2 gr of 2.5% ketoprofen gel versus placebo applied to the sprain area. The study drugs are identical in colour, form and smelling. After an eligible patient presented to the ED, the drug number from an opaque bag is determined by a nurse and then another nurse applies the study drug to the patient. Physicians, nurses and patients are blinded to the study drug. Pain intensity of patients is measured by visual analogue scale at baseline, 15th and 30th minutes after the administration.
Patients will be divided into 2 groups. Group C (n = 30): Control group. Group M (n = 30): Music group. Preoperative 1 hour and during the operation of Classical Turkish Music (Acemaşiran makam) will listen to the group. After the patient is taken to the resting room, blood will be prepared for the operation (for malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase). Then STAI 1-2 anxiety form will be filled in under the supervision of the nurse. In Group M patients, blood will be taken to the patient resting room (for malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase). You will then play music with the MP3 headset for 1 hour. Then STAI 1-2 anxiety form will be filled in under the supervision of the nurse.Operation room will be taken. Remifentanil 0.5 mcg / kg and propofol 2 mg / kg will be administered for induction after all patients included in the study (Group C and Group M). Patients will be given BIS. Anesthetize BIS between 40-50. Hemodynamics follow-up (Systolic blood pressure, Diastolic blood pressure, Heart rate, Oxygen saturation) during the operation and the need for additional analgesia and anesthesia during the operation will be recorded. At the end of the operation, blood will be taken to compare the values of Oxidative Stress Parameters in the blood and follicle fluids. In the rest rooms, hemodynamics and pain follow-ups will be recorded at 1,5,15, 30, and 60 minutes. NRS (Numeric Rating Scale) will be used for pain monitoring. Analgesic needs of patients with pain will be met. Non-steroid anti-inflammatory (Naproxen Na) drug will be used for postoperative analgesia. At the end of the study, analgesia / anesthetic consumption, preoperative and postoperative blood oxidative stress parameters Glutathione peroxidase and Malondialdehyde will be compared in patients receiving music therapy and in patients without music therapy (control group). After the blood is drawn to both groups in the postoperative period, the STAI 1-2 questionnaire will be filled in under the supervision of the nurse and preoperative and postoperative comparisons will be made. The results will be correlated with the results.

Bispectral Index (BIS) monitoring is a new advanced electroencephalogram (EEG) based method for monitoring anesthetic depth (4). The monitor uses BIS analysis to obtain an index of anesthesia depth (5). BIS is a dimensionless number scaled from 100 to 0, and decreasing values show more sedation and hypnosis. A BIS value of 100 represents normal cortical electrical activity (an awake EEG), and a value of zero indicates a cortical electrical silence (cortical suppression).
INTRODUCTION: People with cancer and other chronic illnesses, their families and caregivers report financial burden as a problem that affects multiple aspects of daily life. While cancer research has coined the term 'financial toxicity' to describe the financial consequences, the understanding, development and operationalisation of the concept of financial burden are still incomplete, particularly regarding subjective financial burden and its relationship with well-being. The overall aim is to investigate financial burden and its implications for the well-being of people living with chronic illness, their families, and caregivers in Switzerland.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Transdisciplinary discussion groups and a participatory action design element frame: (1) a conceptualisation using a hybrid concept analysis approach and (2) an assessment of financial burden of chronic illness in relation to well-being. The hybrid concept analysis combines the results of a scoping review with a secondary analysis of existing interviews using computational linguistics and qualitative analysis. The assessment phase will investigate the extent and nature of financial burden through a nationwide survey. Results from mobile diaries/interviews will contribute to both-the conceptualisation and assessment phases.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The Ethics Committee of the Canton Zurich, Switzerland, did not consider the research project to fall under the Swiss Law on Human Subjects research and issued a waiver (Req-2O23-01496). The project respects all the rules and regulations in the Swiss Federal Act on Data Protection and those by the Swiss Federal Official Responsible for Data Protection and Transparency. Results will be disseminated through presentations at conferences and publications in peer-reviewed journals and through the established multi-stakeholder network.
Novel genes designated and set forth in FIG.  2  and their respective encoded proteins, and variants thereof, are described wherein a gene of the invention exhibits tissue specific expression in normal adult tissue, and is aberrantly expressed in the cancers such as those listed in Table I. Consequently, of gene products of a gene of FIG.  2  provide diagnostic, prognostic, prophylactic and/or therapeutic targets for cancer. A gene of FIG.  2  or fragment thereof, its encoded protein, or variants thereof, or a fragment thereof, can be used to elicit a humoral or cellular immune response; antibodies or T cells reactive with a gene product of FIG.  2  can be used in active or passive immunization.
Among pregnant/postpartum women living with HIV (PWLWH) in low resource, high HIV prevalence settings, access to antiretroviral treatment (ART) has increased dramatically and mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV has decreased substantially, yet successful outcomes are not universal. Despite a 52% decline in new HIV infections among children under five from 2010-2019, recent UNAIDS data indicate global targets were missed by wide margins, with an estimated 160,000 new pediatric HIV infections annually. Sub-optimal retention of PWLWH is a major contributor to new pediatric infections. This study will be conducted in high-volume, low-resource health facilities in Kisumu County, Kenya, which is a priority area for research among WLWH and one of the highest HIV burden counties. As PMTCT programs in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) aim for the elimination of MTCT in the context of decreased funding, there is need for research geared towards identifying and supporting the most vulnerable PWLWH with tailored interventions that can be implemented using available resources. This study aims to build on a previous study, Mother and Infant Visit Adherence and Treatment Engagement Study (MOTIVATE, R01HD080477), to develop and implement interventions that can promote proper taking of HIV drugs among PWLWH, namely a risk calculator to identify women at high risk for treatment failure and an adapted Problem Management Plus (PM+) intervention specifically geared towards women identified as high risk. Such interventions are critical in order to identify the most vulnerable PWLWH as early as possible to intervene with effective targeted interventions that will help improve maternal and child health outcomes.
(See INDICATIONS AND USAGE and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.)

The safety and effectiveness of cefprozil in the treatment of otitis media have been established in the age groups 6 months to 12 years. Use of cefprozil for the treatment of otitis media is supported by evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies of cefprozil in pediatric patients. (See CLINICAL STUDIES.)

The safety and effectiveness of cefprozil in the treatment of pharyngitis/tonsillitis or uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections have been established in the age groups 2 to 12 years. Use of cefprozil for the treatment of these infections is supported by evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies of cefprozil in pediatric patients.

The safety and effectiveness of cefprozil in the treatment of acute sinusitis have been established in the age groups 6 months to 12 years. Use of cefprozil in these age groups is supported by evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies of cefprozil in adults.

Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below the age of 6 months have not been established for the treatment of otitis media or acute sinusitis, or below the age of 2 years for the treatment of pharyngitis/tonsillitis or uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections. However, accumulation of other cephalosporin antibiotics in newborn infants (resulting from prolonged drug half-life in this age group) has been reported.
Eligible and consenting patients who will receive a donor kidney will be included for participation in this study. Current practice is to preserve donor kidneys on hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP). In this study, donor kidneys (n=18) will be taken off the HMP after arrival in the transplant center. These will then be perfused with oxygenated perfusate using the NMP device following an optimised NMP protocol.
Undifferentiated round cell sarcomas (URCS) represent a diverse group of tumors, including conventional Ewing sarcoma, round cell sarcoma with EWSR1/FUS-non-ETS fusions, CIC-rearranged sarcoma, and sarcoma with BCOR alterations. Since 2018, 3 cases of URCS with a novel CRTC1::SS18 gene fusion have been reported in the literature. Herein, we report 3 additional cases of CRTC1::SS18 sarcoma, thereby doubling the number of described cases and expanding the clinicopathologic features of this rare translocation sarcoma. Together with the previously reported cases, we show that the male-to-female ratio is 1:2 with a median age of 34 years (range, 12-42 years). Tumors occurred primarily in intramuscular locations involving the lower extremity. Histologically, all tumors contained uniform round-to-epithelioid cells with a moderate amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm growing in sheets and nests with prominent desmoplastic stroma reminiscent of desmoplastic small round cell tumor. Immunohistochemical results were nonspecific, demonstrating variable expression of CD99 (patchy), ALK, GATA3, and cyclin D1. RNA sequencing revealed CRTC1::SS18 gene fusions in all cases, involving exons 1 to 2 of CRTC1 (the 5' partner gene) on chromosome 19 and either exon 2 or exon 4 of SS18 (the 3' partner gene) on chromosome 18. The clinical course was variable. Although 1 previously reported case demonstrated aggressive behavior with a fatal outcome, 2 others had a relatively indolent course with gradual growth for 6 to 7 years prior to resection. Two cases developed metastatic disease, including 1 case with bilateral lung metastasis and 1 with locoregional spread to a lymph node. By analyzing the clinicopathologic features, we aimed to improve recognition of this rare translocation sarcoma to better understand its biologic potential, optimize patient management, and expand the current classification of URCS.