anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention discloses a preparation process for a traditional Chinese medicine extract and particularly relates to a preparation process for a schisandrol extract. The preparation process for the schisandrol extract comprises the following steps of pretreatment, extraction, concentration, reflux extraction, ethanol precipitation, reconcentration and drying. The schisandrol extract prepared by the preparation process has a medicinal function of lowering serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase and is used for treating chronic hepatitis. Verified by experiments, schisandrin b and total lignans only can be fully extracted in 85 percent of alcohol. When the extraction is performed by adopting the alcohol with other concentrations, active constituents cannot be completely extracted, and then, the curative effect is influenced. Meanwhile, by adopting the ethanol precipitation process in the preparation process disclosed by the invention, impurities, such as grease, can be removed, so that the purity is greatly increased, the quality is higher, and the curative effect is comparatively obvious.
BACKGROUND: Immune factors are crucial in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and immune cells play a key role in the development of RA. However, there is still disagreement regarding the specific roles of each type of immune cell in the pathological process of RA.
METHODS: This study used bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to determine the causal relationship between immune cell characteristics and RA. Utilizing publicly available genetic data, we initially treated immune cell characteristics as exposures to investigate their causal effects on the risk of RA. Subsequently, we performed reverse two-sample MR using the positively selected cells from the initial analysis as outcomes, aiming to identify the core immune cells involved. Finally, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis was conducted to validate the robustness, heterogeneity, and horizontal pleiotropy of the results.
RESULTS: Using data from 731 immune cells as exposures and cell SNPs as instruments, we independently conducted two-sample MR analysis for each patient with RA. The main analytical method used was the IVW method, with a significance level set at P < 0.05 for inclusion. In total, we identified 42 immune cell phenotypes that were causally associated with the onset of RA. For the reverse MR analysis, we used RA as the exposure factor and focused on 42 immune cell phenotypes as outcomes. Our analysis revealed causal relationships between the onset of RA and 7 immune cell phenotypes. Among these, 6 showed positive causal relationships, while 1 exhibited a negative causal relationship.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study emphasized the causal relationship between immune cells and RA through bidirectional two-sample MR analysis, identifying the immune cells causally associated with RA.
Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor formed from angiotensin I in a reaction catalyzed by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE, kininase II). Angiotensin II is the primary vasoactive hormone of the renin-angiotensin system, and an important component in the pathophysiology of hypertension. It also stimulates aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex. Irbesartan blocks the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II by selectively binding to the AT1 angiotensin II receptor found in many tissues (e.g., vascular smooth muscle, adrenal gland). There is also an AT2 receptor in many tissues, but it is not involved in cardiovascular homeostasis.  
Irbesartan is a specific competitive antagonist of AT1 receptors with a much greater affinity (more than 8500-fold) for the AT1 receptor than for the AT2 receptor and no agonist activity.  
Blockade of the AT1 receptor removes the negative feedback of angiotensin II on renin secretion, but the resulting increased plasma renin activity and circulating angiotensin II do not overcome the effects of irbesartan on blood pressure.  
Irbesartan does not inhibit ACE or renin or affect other hormone receptors or ion channels known to be involved in the cardiovascular regulation of blood pressure and sodium homeostasis.
OBJECTIVE: Mechanisms underpinning clinical evolution to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) from preceding antinuclear antibodies (ANA) positivity are poorly understood. This study aimed to understand blood immune cell transcriptional signatures associated with subclinical ANA positivity, and progression or non-progression to SLE.
METHODS: Bulk RNA-sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated at baseline from 35 ANA positive (ANA+) subjects with non-diagnostic symptoms was analysed using differential gene expression, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, deconvolution of cell subsets and functional enrichment analyses. ANA+ subjects, including those progressing to classifiable SLE at 12 months (n=15) and those with stable subclinical ANA positivity (n=20), were compared with 15 healthy subjects and 18 patients with SLE.
RESULTS: ANA+ subjects demonstrated extensive transcriptomic dysregulation compared with healthy controls with reduced CD4+naïve T-cells and resting NK cells, but higher activated dendritic cells. B-cell lymphopenia was evident in SLE but not ANA+ subjects. Two-thirds of dysregulated genes were common to ANA+ progressors and non-progressors. ANA+ progressors showed elevated modular interferon signature in which constituent genes were inducible by both type I interferon (IFN-I) and type II interferon (IFN-II) in vitro. Baseline downregulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complex I components significantly associated with progression to SLE but did not directly correlate with IFN modular activity. Non-progressors demonstrated more diverse cytokine profiles.
CONCLUSIONS: ANA positivity, irrespective of clinical trajectory, is profoundly dysregulated and transcriptomically closer to SLE than to healthy immune function. Metabolic derangements and IFN-I activation occur early in the ANA+ preclinical phase and associated with diverging transcriptomic profiles which distinguish subsequent clinical evolution.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Obesity is a growing global healthcare concern. A proposed driver is the recent increase in ultra-processed food (UPF) intake. However, disagreement surrounds the concept of UPF, the strength of evidence, and suggested mechanisms. Therefore, this review aimed to critically appraise the evidence on UPF and obesity.
RECENT FINDINGS: Observational studies demonstrate positive associations between UPF intake, weight gain, and overweight/obesity, more clearly in adults than children/adolescents. This is supported by high-quality clinical data. Several mechanisms are proposed, but current understanding is inconclusive. Greater UPF consumption has been a key driver of obesity. There is a need to change the obesogenic environment to support individuals to reduce their UPF intake. The UPF concept is a novel approach that is not explained with existing nutrient- and food-based frameworks. Critical analysis of methodologies provides confidence, but future observational and experimental research outputs with greater methodological rigor will strengthen findings, which are outlined.
Nasal pharmaceutical formulations comprising a drug substance having a specific particle size distribution profile are disclosed herein. Such profile provides increased bioavailability, increased efficacy or prolonged therapeutic effect of the drug substance when administered intranasally. The formulations of the present invention may comprise one or more corticosteroids having a specific particle size distribution profile. In a preferred embodiment, the corticosteroid is fluticasone or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof for the treatment of one or more symptoms of rhinitis. Preferably, the drug substance is fluticasone propionate. The formulations herein maybe provided as an aqueous suspension suitable for inhalation via the intranasal route.
FIELD: medicine, ophthalmology, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes 0.2% chelepine D solution in 6% polyglucine in combination with chelepine D tablets. Drug shows antiviral and antiinflammatory total and local effect both at surface and deep keratitis forms combined with stroma damage. Drug can be used for treatment of patients with herpes-viral and adenoviral eye diseases. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of drug proposed. 1 cl, 6 ex
Feedback regarding electrical stimulation is provided to a patient. Electrical stimulation is applied to the patient. The electrical stimulation is applied by varying an electrical stimulation parameter. A signal is communicated to the patient via an electronic device. The signal is correlated with the electrical stimulation parameter such that the signal varies in association with the varying of the electrical stimulation parameter. The communicating is performed while the electrical stimulation is applied. Feedback is received from the patient in response to the electrical stimulation. Based on the received feedback from the patient, the electrical stimulation is adjusted.
The carcinogenicity of beclomethasone dipropionate was evaluated in rats which were exposed for a total of 95 weeks, 13 weeks at inhalation doses up to 0.4 mg/kg/day and the remaining 82 weeks at combined oral and inhalation doses up to 2.4 mg/kg/day. There was no evidence of treatment-related increases in the incidence of tumors in this study at the highest dose, which is approximately 37 and 72 times the MRHDID in adults and children, respectively, on a mg/m2 basis.

Beclomethasone dipropionate did not induce gene mutation in bacterial cells or mammalian Chinese Hamster ovary (CHO) cells in vitro. No significant clastogenic effect was seen in cultured CHO cells in vitro or in the mouse micronucleus test in vivo.

In rats, beclomethasone dipropionate caused decreased conception rates at an oral dose of 16 mg/kg/day (approximately 250 times the MRHDID in adults on a mg/m2 basis). Impairment of fertility, as evidenced by inhibition of the estrous cycle in dogs, was observed following treatment by the oral route at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day (approximately 25 times the MRHDID in adults on a mg/m2 basis). No inhibition of the estrous cycle in dogs was seen following 12 months of exposure to beclomethasone dipropionate by the inhalation route at an estimated daily dose of 0.33 mg/kg (approximately 17 times the MRHDID in adults on a mg/m2 basis).
It is recommended that all patients with HIV-1 be tested for the presence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) before initiating antiretroviral therapy. STRIBILD is not approved for the treatment of chronic HBV infection and the safety and efficacy of STRIBILD have not been established in patients coinfected with HBV and HIV-1. Severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis B have been reported in patients who are coinfected with HBV and HIV-1 and have discontinued emtricitabine or tenofovir DF, two of the components of STRIBILD. In some patients infected with HBV and treated with EMTRIVA, the exacerbations of hepatitis B were associated with liver decompensation and liver failure. Patients who are coinfected with HIV-1 and HBV should be closely monitored with both clinical and laboratory follow-up for at least several months after stopping treatment with STRIBILD. If appropriate, initiation of anti-hepatitis B therapy may be warranted.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: candle is hollow. It is manufactured from a material impregnated with curative staff and having glowing time restrictor covered with foil. The glowing time foil restrictor is fastened on external surface 5-6 cm far from one of the ends to be enough for preventing from its touching ear or nose orifice. The candle is manufactured from paper impregnated with healing composition comprising propolis wax, CO 2  extracts of fir, mint, lavender. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment; usability at every time of day. 3 cl, 2 dwg
Patients with rGBMs will receive combined stereotactic radiosurgery and enhanced immunal adjuvants (GM-CSF, Sapylin, MnCl2). The safety and efficacy will be analyzed.
Patients with a flare of ulcerative colitis who meet the inclusion criteria. 120 patients will be included.
Clinical trials of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapy have made remarkable progress in recent years. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to assess the efficacy and safety of AAV-based gene therapy for hemophilia. We systematically searched the Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews databases, for clinical trials involving patients diagnosed with hemophilia and treated with AAV-mediated gene therapy. Data on the annualized bleeding rate (ABR), annualized infusion rate (AIR), the incidence of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), severe adverse events (SAEs), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation were extracted as our outcomes. A total of 12 articles from 11 clinical trials were selected from 868 articles for meta-analysis. Pooled analyses showed that AAV-based gene therapy in hemophilia patients reduced the number of bleeding events and the number of factor infusion events by an approximate average of 7 per year and 103 per year, respectively. Eighty percent, 18%, and 63% of hemophilia patients had elevated TRAE, SAE, and ALT levels, respectively. Moreover, subgroup analysis found a significant reduction in ABR and AIR 2-3 years after the therapy. Additional findings that were not pooled including coagulation factor activity are presented in the accompanying tables. Our analysis supported the efficacy and safety of AAV-mediated gene therapy for hemophilia, providing evidence for its application as a therapeutic option for widespread clinical use in hemophilia patients in the future.
1. Method for preparing streptogramines of general formula: wherein: radical R1 represents methyl or ethyl, radical R2 represents a hydrogen atom, and X and Y together form an oxo radical, or R1 represents ethyl, R2 and X represent a hydrogen atom, and Y represents a hysrogen atom or hydroxyradical, or R1 represents ethyl, R2 X represents hydroxyradical, and X and Y together form an oxo radical, by demethylating a synergistin derivative of general formula (II):   wherein radicals R1, R2, X and Y are as defined above, by means of a treatment with chosen from periodate tetra-N-butylammonium or alkaline periodate in an acetic medium, followed by a treatment in an aqueous medium, or in a homogeneous medium, to which prussic acid is added, or in a two-phase acid or non-acid medium. 2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that alkaline periodate is sodium periodate. 3. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that an agent is added, capable to consume formaldehyide in situ, chosen from hydroxylamine, bisulfite, or hydrogen peroxide, in the process of subsequent hydrolysis. 4. Streptogramines of general formula:   wherein R1 represents radical ethyl, R2 and X represent a hydrogen atom, and Y represents a hydrogen atom or hydroxyradical.
The maize F-box protein ZmFBL41 targets abscisic acid synthase 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 6 for degradation, and this regulatory module is exploited by Rhizoctonia solani to promote infection. F-box proteins are crucial regulators of plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. Previous research identified the F-box gene ZmFBL41 as a negative regulator of maize (Zea mays) defenses against Rhizoctonia solani. However, the precise mechanisms by which F-box proteins mediate resistance to R. solani remain poorly understood. In this study, we show that ZmFBL41 interacts with an abscisic acid (ABA) synthase, 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 6 (ZmNCED6), promoting its degradation via the ubiquitination pathway. We discovered that the ectopic overexpression of ZmNCED6 in rice (Oryza sativa) inhibited R. solani infection by activating stomatal closure, callose deposition, and jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis, indicating that ZmNCED6 enhances plant immunity against R. solani. Natural variation at ZmFBL41 across different maize haplotypes did not affect the ZmFBL41-ZmNCED6 interaction. These findings suggest that ZmFBL41 targets ZmNCED6 for degradation, leading to a decrease in ABA levels in maize, in turn, inhibiting ABA-mediated disease resistance pathways, such as stomatal closure, callose deposition, and JA biosynthesis, ultimately facilitating R. solani infection.
Materials with high levels of unsaponifiable matter result in Hydrolysates with unique properties. It has been found that the application of a hydrolysis process to materials, particularly materials with a high level of unsaponifiables (e.g. at least 6%  by total weight of the material) produces a product with properties significantly different from those products resulting from the con-ventional saponification of materials with less than 6% by weight of unsaponifiables. The resulting Hydrolysates resist both physical and aqueous-based removal from skin and hair, exhibit a very unique surfactant property, and are not foaming agents with water.  Hydrolysates according to the present invention may thus be used to enhance the performance of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.  These Hydrolysates are bioactive agents and alternative natural carrying agents for topical application of materials, particularly for application of materials to the skin or hair of subjects, and provide a substantive support for the materials carried.
PURPOSE: A composition containing Pinus koraiensis SIEB needle extract is provided to effectively suppress lipid accumulation in adipocytes and to ensure anti-obesity effect. CONSTITUTION: A composition for suppressing obesity contains Pinus koraiensis SIEB needle extract. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating obesity contains the extract. The extract is prepared by steam distillation extraction. The steam distillation extraction comprises: a step of distilling Pinus koraiensis SIEB needles and purified water in a distillation tank at 70-500 Deg. C. for one hour to several days once or several times to obtain distillate; and a step of cooling and condensing the distillate. A food composition for preventing or treating obesity contains the Pinus koraiensis SIEB needle extract. [Reference numerals] (AA) Absorbance; (BB) Insulin; (CC) Oil(ug/ml)
Participants randomised to the tCBT treatment arm will receive 12 individual, 1-hour tCBT sessions based upon Barlow et al.'s (2011) Unifed Protocol for emotional disorders (UP).
Voriconazole is a second-generation azole used to treat serious fungal infections. Visual hallucinations constitute a representative adverse event caused by voriconazole. However, its mechanism of action remains unclear. In patients with schizophrenia or Parkinson's disease, the frequency of visual hallucinations is associated with brain dopamine levels. This study investigated the frequency of visual hallucinations in patients treated with voriconazole alone or in combination with dopaminergic medicines or dopamine antagonists, using data collected from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse event Reporting System (FAERS). The frequency of visual hallucinations with voriconazole alone and in combination with a dopaminergic medicine (levodopa) or dopamine antagonists (risperidone and chlorpromazine) was compared using data from the FAERS between 2004 and 2023, using the reporting odds ratio (ROR) with relevant 95% confidence intervals (CI). The reference group comprised patients who had been administered voriconazole without dopaminergic medication or dopamine antagonists. Of the patients, 22,839, 90,810, 109,757, 6,435, 20, 83, and 26, respectively were treated with voriconazole, levodopa, risperidone, chlorpromazine, voriconazole plus levodopa, voriconazole plus risperidone, and voriconazole plus chlorpromazine. The occurrence of visual hallucinations increased when used in combination with levodopa (ROR = 12.302, 95% CI = 3.587-42.183). No increase in incidence was associated with the concomitant use of dopamine antagonists (risperidone, ROR = 1.721, 95% CI = 0.421-7.030; chlorpromazine, ROR = none, 95% CI = none). Dopaminergic medicine may increase the risk of visual hallucinations in patients treated with voriconazole. Whether voriconazole positively modulates dopamine production warrants further investigation using a translational research approach.
548,325. Vitamins. DISTILLATION PRODUCTS, Inc. May 5, 1941, No. 5797. Convention date, May 3, 1940. Drawings to Specification. [Class 2 (iii)] A concentrated vitamin product is obtained by dissolving a fish oil stearin (solids obtained by cooling fish oils) or a fish oil conta ining stearin in a vegetable oil, such as corn oil, peanut oil, tea seed, wintered olive, and wintered cotton seed oils, having a melting point at least 10‹F. lower than the melting point of the stearin, cooling the mixture until the stearin-like solids separate, and separating the liquid portion. The liquid portion may be subjected to high vacuum, unobstructed path distillation to separate the vitamin content, and the fish oil used may be likewise distilled before separating the stearin.
BACKGROUND: For patients on warfarin for mechanical heart valve replacement, the 2020 American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association Guidelines recommend only adding aspirin in patients with a specific indication for antiplatelet therapy. This contrasts with prior guidelines, which recommended concomitant aspirin therapy. We sought to assess the prevalence of guideline-discordant aspirin use among patients on warfarin for mechanical heart valve replacement and to compare adverse event rates among patients with and without concomitant aspirin.
METHODS: Patients on warfarin for mechanical heart valve replacement were identified from the Michigan Anticoagulation Quality Improvement Initiative registry. Patients with myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, or coronary artery bypass within the past 12 months were excluded. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on aspirin use. Patient characteristics and bleeding and thromboembolic outcomes were compared.
RESULTS: Four hundred forty-four patients met the inclusion criteria, with 341 (76.8%) on concomitant aspirin. The aspirin group was older (50.6 vs 46.3 years, P = .028) and had more hypertension (57.8% vs 46.6%, P = .046) but other patient characteristics were similar. The aspirin group had a higher rate of bleeding events (28.3 vs 13.3 per 100 patient-years, P < .001) and bleed-related emergency department visits (11.8 vs 2.9 per 100 patient-years, P = .001) compared with the non-aspirin group. There was no observed difference in rates of ischemic stroke (0.56 vs 0.48 per 100 patient-years, P = .89).
CONCLUSIONS: A significant proportion of patients on warfarin for mechanical heart valve replacement are on guideline-discordant aspirin. Aspirin deprescribing in select patients may safely reduce bleeding events.