anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
This is a multi-phase prospective cohort study. In the first phase the investigators will interview parents and consult the Family Research Advisory Committee (FRAC) to determine their attitudes toward day of surgery research consent. The investigators will use the participants' responses and instruments already found in the literature to develop the questionnaire. In the second phase, the investigators will interview parents and consult FRAC about the questionnaire to determine which items to add, remove, or modify. In the third phase, the investigators will distribute the adapted questionnaire to clarify parents' attitudes surrounding day of surgery consent. The investigators will use the results of the third phase to develop a table of guidelines for day of surgery consent. In the final phase, the investigators will interview parents, healthcare professionals, and consult FRAC for feedback and modification of the table of guidelines.
Every day, 73 Canadians are diagnosed with colorectal cancer. This cancer is the third most diagnosed type of cancer in Canada while being the second and third most deadly cancer for men and women respectively. In addition, it accounts for 12% of all cancer diagnoses and cancer deaths for both sexes in 2020. Fortunately, colorectal cancer incidence and mortality rates have been steadily declining in the recent years. This can be attributed to the development of new screening methods and devices assisting in a more reliable identification of polyps as well as removal during colonoscopy. This is essential to prevent cancer as these usually asymptomatic and harmless clusters of atypical cells can turn into cancers, and become fatal if they can progress to a later stage of their development. The Endocuff is a new colonoscopy assisting device designed to aid physicians to maneuver inside the colon, allowing for increased detection of polyps that stay hidden between folds in the colon. By its flexible and hinged arms, the Endocuff is designed to gently flatten the large colonic folds during withdrawal of the colonoscope, bringing the difficult-to-see mucosa to view. The Endocuff also may assist in the view of the rectum, being the last area of the colon and difficult to assess. Usually, a painful procedure called a retroflexion is used to help see this area. However, this pain can limit the evaluation and impact polyp diagnosis in the rectum. In this study, the investigators aspire to answer these following questions: (1) Can the Endocuff improve polyp detection? (2) Can the Endocuff replace the need for retroflexion in the rectum?
Group A will be tapered over 4 weeks, starting at baseline (week 0). Subjects in this group will take one tablet of ET daily (effective dose, 0.75 mg) for week 1, then one 0.50 mg tablet daily for week 2, then one 0.25 mg tablet daily for week 3, and finally one 0.125 mg tablet daily for week 4.
INTRODUCTION: The da Vinci Single Port (SP) robotic surgical system has minimized the impact of surgery on patients. Hence, outpatient robotic procedures are being explored to reduce costs and improve patient experience. Here, we evaluate the perioperative outcomes and safety of same-day discharge (SDD) after surgery compared to inpatient procedures using the SP.
METHODS: A total of 374 patients underwent surgery with the da Vinci SP system between January 2019 and February 2023. Surgeries were performed in a single high-volume center. Patients were either managed with a standardized outpatient or inpatient protocol. SDD clinical pathway was implemented in June 2021. Patients were assessed for discharge eligibility based on specific guidelines. Detailed instructions were provided at discharge, and patients were followed postoperatively. Baseline characteristics, perioperative data, complications, time to complication, and readmissions were assessed.
RESULTS: Two hundred eight patients underwent outpatient surgery and 166 underwent inpatient surgery (total = 374). Outpatient surgery was not associated with increased postoperative complications and readmission compared to inpatient surgery. Ninety percent and 74.6% of patients experienced no complications in the outpatient and inpatient populations, respectively (P =< .001). Time to first complication was also comparable between the 2 groups (3 days [IQR 1-8] vs 10 days [IQR 4-30] for outpatient vs inpatient; P = .3). The proportion of successful SDDs increased over time, reaching 88% in October 2022.
CONCLUSIONS: Outpatient surgery using the da Vinci SP is safe and feasible, without increasing postoperative complications compared to standard inpatient surgery.
Characterized by progressive disability leading to death, Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) remains one of the most common and devastating neuromuscular disorders of childhood. Although a variety of promising new treatment strategies are in development, outcome measures for clinical trials remain limited for the most part to a set of functional measures, such as the six-minute walk test. While clearly useful, such measures are impacted by unrelated factors, such as mood and effort, and have limited repeatability. To address this and other limitations, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is now being investigated as a surrogate measure. However, more easily applied, cost-effective, office-based surrogate measures that provide high repeatability and sensitivity while still correlating strongly to disease status would find wider use in Phase II and possibly in Phase III clinical trials in DMD. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and electrical impedance myography (EIM) are two techniques that could serve in this role. In QUS, muscle pathology (fibrosis and fatty infiltration) in DMD results in an increase in energy reflected back (backscatter) to the ultrasound. The amount of backscatter can be measured directly by analyzing the raw frequency-based acoustic data or indirectly by controlled processing of the gray-scale image. EIM, in contrast, relies upon the application of localized electrical current and measurement of the resulting surface voltages, but is similarly impacted by the fibrotic changes that develop as muscle disease progresses. Here, the investigators propose to evaluate and compare both methodologies simultaneously in a group of DMD patients and normal subjects in order to assess their ability to identify clinically meaningful alterations in muscle health over short intervals of time. As a final exploratory analysis, the investigators will also study the possibility of combining the two modalities. The results of this work will have broad application as they could be applied to a variety of neuromuscular conditions, including other muscular dystrophies. Thus, the hypothesis of this proposal is that both QUS and EIM can serve as convenient, non-invasive, clinically meaningful surrogate markers of disease progression in DMD that surpass the functional measures currently in use.
All clinical data has come from the treatment of individuals who were accidentally contaminated. Observational data were maintained in a U.S. Registry of individuals with internal radioactive contamination primarily from acute occupational contamination with plutonium, americium, and curium.

In 286 individuals, bioassays were available to measure urinary radioactivity elimination after chelation therapy. Of these 286 individuals, 18 had matched pre- and post-chelator urine radioactivity bioassay results available. Seventeen of these individuals received 1 gram of Ca-DTPA as the first dose. Of these, 9 individuals received the first dose by nebulization (1:1 Ca-DTPA and saline) and 8 received Ca-DTPA intravenously. The elimination of radiocontaminants was measured using the ratio of the urine radioactivity before treatment to the maximum urine radioactivity after treatment (the excretion enhancement factor, EEF). As shown in Table 1, after one dose, the mean EEF was 25.7. The descriptive results and variability for the intravenous, inhaled, and combined routes are considered to be similar.

After initial treatment with Ca-DTPA, maintenance treatment was continued with 1 gram Zn-DTPA doses over a period of days, months or years, depending upon the extent of internal contamination and individual response to therapy. Most patients received a single dose of Ca-DTPA. The longest treatment duration was approximately 6.5 years. Similar increases in urinary radioactivity elimination following chelator administration were supported by data from the remaining 268 individuals in the U.S. Registry and from the literature.
TMTconsists of 29 treatment sessions administered over a period of 3 weeks. Individual VR-assisted exposure sessions (14 sessions) are followed by Social and Emotional Regulation (SER) sessions conducted in small groups. Individual exposure therapy includes virtual reality to assist in augmenting exposure therapy. Group therapy includes anger management, social skills training, problem solving and behavioral activation for depression. The treatment program as a whole results in approximately 43.5 hours of therapist contact for each patient.
Subjects assigned to use randomly-assigned Sham rings. Each Sham is to be used for 7 consecutive days, then replaced with a fresh sham. Four each Shams will be used. These will be investigated in a cross-over design that will also include consecutive use of 4 VR101 Devices, each for 7 days.
Preparations suitable for parenteral administration comprise adrenocorticotrophic hormone substance, non-antigenic and if desired, partly hydrolysed gelatin suitably present as a 5-35 per cent aqueous solution, and optionally, retarding agents such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone and/or non-toxic difficultly water-soluble astringents, e.g. aluminium phosphate and hydroxide, magnesium phosphate.  In two examples frozen pituitary glands, ground and thawed, are extracted with aqueous acetone at pH 1.5, centrifuged, and acetone is thereupon added to the liquid to cause precipitation.  The powder obtained is extracted with disodium phosphate solution and centrifuged; the supernatant material is treated with ammonium sulphate and the precipitate formed is dialyzed to remove the ammonium salt.  The material is then optionally hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid, and lyophilized.  It is thereupon reconstituted with distilled water and mixed with gelatin solution.  In a third example, acetone-dehydrated anterior hog pituitaries are extracted with glacial acetic acid, acetone and a small amount of salt to precipitate impurities are added, and crude adrenocorticotrophin precipitated with ethyl ether; this is purified by adsorption on oxycellulose, elution with hydrochloric acid solution and treatment of the eluate with an anion-exchange resin to convert the adrenocorticotrophin to the acetate.  The solution is thereafter admixed with gelatin solution. Other examples describe the preparation of solutions of adrenocorticotrophin, gelatin and an astringent starting from the hormone.
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine used for anorectal surgery wound healing and a preparation method thereof. The medicine is made from fourteen traditional Chinese medicinal materials such as herba schizonepetae, rheum officinale, cortex phellodendri, dandelion, radix sophorae flavescentis, Chinese parsnip roots, garden burnet, mint, cortex lycii radicis, mugwort leaves, compound of glauber-salt and liquorice, garden balsam stems, flos sophorae and fructus forsythia, and edible salt. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the medicine. According to the invention, the method of hip bath is adopted, so that the liquid medicine can directly act on the wound surface. Results of clinical researches show that the medicine has efficacy of clearing away heat and toxic materials, removing rots, eliminating pus, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis and generating tissue and healing wound and the medicine is applicable to anorectal diseases such as downward flow of damp-heat hemorrhoids, anal fissure, anal fistula, anal carbuncle, perianal abscess and the like. The curative effect is superior to that of metronidazole in a control group.
The invention discloses a trace-element functional medicinal pillow which can scent and strengthen human bodies and can lengthen life extension, namely that the medicinal pillow is filled with some Chinese medicines as well as snakes, bees and macro trace-elements. The medicinal pillow is produced by fragrant sweet-scented osmanthus, jasmine, chrysanthemum, costas, musk, zinc oxide and the like. People can be insensibly scented by the fragrance and can lighten body, eliminate diseases and lengthen life extension when sleeping and resting. The organic combination of modern trace-element balance medicine and the medicinal pillow of ancestral traditional Chinese medicine external treatment brings a qualitative leap to the medicinal pillow and is an inevitable trend of the development of element balance medicine; and the invention belongs to the technical field of medicinal pillow. The medicinal pillow can directly act on medulla, the vital center of a person, namely the acupuncture points of posterior cerebel, vertebra magna, wind pool, wind house, Jiaji, Bailao and the like. The medicine passes through skin pores, hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, mouth, nose, neridian and ren-du pulses and is communicated by qi, interlinked to intimo, externally circulated through four limbs and bones of the body, five senses and nine orifices and flesh and fascia. By virtue of some medicines with volatile and strong pungent odor and strong fragrance, which eliminate wetness-evil, the slowly released medicinal molecules and trace-element components in the medicinal pillow penetrate into the acupuncture points, disperse in the whole body, flow in the blood and infiltrate into tissues and blood circulation to balance the elements in a human body and cure lesion parts with the medicines, thus eliminating diseases, strengthening body, scenting body and lengthening life extension.
In bone, where estrogen is required to maintain density, there is indication of increased turnover in patients prescribed Aromatase Inhibitors. However, there are no studies to date that prospectively quantify the impact of Aromatase inhibitors on bone quality. Furthermore, the actual effects and clinical significance of adjuvant chemotherapy and supportive medications on bone quality in women with breast carcinoma is unknown. The current study proposes to prospectively assess novel skeletal health outcomes, namely trabecular structure (connectivity, hole size) and bone geometry (bone area, cortical thickness) among women with breast cancer being treated with Anastrozole. Not only will the current study provide a better understanding of the changes in bone quality and muscle mass after Anastrozole treatment, it will provide important information about the development of secondary skeletal complications in this population. Therefore, the potential to collect data prospectively from a cohort of individuals with breast cancer being treated with Anastrozole represents an important step to advance knowledge in this area. Also, by examining bone quality and secondary complications in a diverse cohort of patients who vary with respect to radiation therapy, chemotherapy and additional medications, we can begin to identify patterns of musculoskeletal change and predictors of these changes.
Biallelic disease-causing variants in the ALPK3 gene were first identified in children presenting with a severe cardiomyopathy. More recently, it was shown that carriers of heterozygous ALPK3 null variants are at risk of developing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with an adult onset. Since the number of reported ALPK3 patients is small, the mutational spectrum and clinical data are not fully described. In this multi-centric study, we described the molecular and clinical spectrum of a large cohort of ALPK3 patients. Genetic testing using targeted next generation sequencing was performed in 16 183 cardiomyopathy index cases. Thirty-six patients carried at least one null ALPK3 variant. The five paediatric patients carried two ALPK3 variants, all presented an HCM phenotype with severe outcomes (one transplantation, one heart failure and one cardiac arrest). The 31 adult patients carried heterozygous variants and the main phenotype was HCM (n = 26/31); including 15% (n = 4) presented with an apical or a concentric form of hypertrophy. Reporting a large cohort of ALPK3 patients, this collaborative work confirmed a strong association with HCM and suggesting his screening in the context of idiopathic HCM.
Apoptosis is a crucial pathological process in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). Verapamil (Ver), normally used to treat hypertension or heart rhythm disorders, also attenuates MIRI. The potential of Ver to inhibit apoptosis and thereby attenuate MIRI remains unclear, as does the mechanism. We established an in vivo mouse ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary. To construct a hypoxia/reoxygenation model in vitro, H9c2 cardiomyocytes were immersed in a hypoxic buffer in a hypoxia/anaerobic workstation. Ver significantly improved cardiac function and reduced myocardial infarction size in I/R mice, while decreasing apoptosis. Both in vivo and in vitro, application of Ver activated the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and elevated Bcl-2 expression, while decreasing Bax and cleaved caspase-3 levels. Treatment with AG490, a JAK2 inhibitor, partially counteracted the anti-apoptotic and the cardioprotective effect of Ver. Thus, we conclude that Ver alleviates MIRI by reducing apoptosis via the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway activation. These findings provide a novel mechanism of Ver in the treatment of MIRI.
The primary aim of this pilot randomized controlled trial is to examine whether cognitive remediation, compared to a placebo, improves attention and related cognitive functions in patients with compulsive hoarding. Previous research has demonstrated that hoarders have diminished neuropsychological abilities, particularly in the areas of attention, memory, and executive function; and that cognitive remediation improves those functions in populations that are similarly impaired, such as in individuals with schizophrenia. The investigators will thus randomize 20 patients with compulsive hoarding to receive either cognitive remediation or a placebo condition. Before and after treatment, the investigators aim to assess the effects of cognitive remediation on neuropsychological functioning and hoarding severity. The primary specific aim is to examine whether cognitive remediation improves cognitive function in compulsive hoarders. The investigators hypothesize that compulsive hoarding patients who are treated with cognitive remediation will demonstrate improved cognitive skills at post-treatment compared to patients receiving placebo. This will be especially true of attention; memory and executive function skills may also be improved. A secondary, exploratory aim is to examine whether cognitive remediation improves hoarding severity, compared to placebo. The ultimate goal of this research is to determine the feasibility and appropriateness of pursuing larger-scale studies of the promising new approach of combining cognitive remediation with other treatments for compulsive hoarding-particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).
INTRODUCTION: Kidney ureter bladder radiography (KUB) is widely used for the evaluation of constipation in children with bladder and bowel dysfunction (BBD); however, there is varying evidence to support its routine diagnostic use. One drawback to KUB is radiation exposure. The dangers of radiation in children are well-documented, and per As Low As Reasonably Achievable, non-beneficial radiation should be avoided. This risk is especially high in children who undergo repeated imaging in the follow up of constipation treatment.
OBJECTIVE: We sought to assess the utility of KUB in diagnosing children with BBD by comparing it to four diagnostic tests and/or validated instruments: the Dysfunctional Voiding Symptom Score (DVSS), Rome IV criteria, rectal diameter on ultrasound (RD), and the Bristol Stool Form Score (BSFS).
STUDY DESIGN: We prospectively enrolled a cohort of patients presenting to an academic pediatric urology practice with symptoms of BBD. Severity of stool burden on KUB (mild, moderate, or severe), RD on ultrasound (≥3.4 cm), DVSS, Rome IV, and BSFS were obtained for each patient. All imaging was interpreted by a pediatric radiologist and pediatric urologist. Primary outcomes were the association between the four diagnostic tests and KUB stool burden. Bivariate analysis of all individual variables versus KUB was performed, as well as multivariate regressions to determine if multiple measures were predictive of KUB stool burden when combined.
RESULTS: Between October 2020 and May 2022, 50 patients were enrolled. All children were under the age of 18, with a median age of 8 years (IQR 3-13). 38 % were male. Median BMI-for-age-percentile was 80.8 (IQR 50.3-98.3). When comparing individual variables to KUB in bivariate analyses, it was found that RD on ultrasound is predictive of significant stool burden on KUB (p = 0.03). No other individual variables were predictive. In the multivariate analyses, no combination of tests was found to be predictive of KUB.
DISCUSSION: We compared the effectiveness of four commonly used diagnostic tests in children with BBD to validate the use of KUB. In conclusion, our results support the use of RD on ultrasound as a non-radiating alternative to KUB to assess stool burden. Data also suggest that KUB for fecal load does not correlate with urinary (DVSS) or bowel (Rome IV, BSFS) symptoms in BBD, and that symptoms scores should still be used independently for diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, KUB has a limited role in the diagnosis of BBD.
BACKGROUND: Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has preventive effects against postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) after upper abdominal surgery. However, its impact on diaphragmatic function has not been evaluated. This study investigated the effect of preoperative IMT on diaphragmatic excursion (DE) and prevention of PPCs for patients with esophageal cancer.
METHODS: This study was an unblinded, parallel, randomized controlled trial. Patients with thoracic or abdominal esophageal cancer scheduled for esophagectomy were randomized into the incentive spirometry (IS) or IMT group. During preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy, IS or IMT intervention was performed. The inspiratory resistance of the IMT group was consistently set at 50% maximal inspiratory pressure. The primary outcome was the amount of change in DE evaluated with ultrasonography, and the secondary outcome was the incidence of Clavien-Dindo grade II or higher PPCs.
RESULTS: This study recruited 42 patients. Among these patients 21 were randomized into the IS or IMT group, and 2 patients dropped out from the study. Finally, 40 patients were included in this analysis. The DE of the IMT group increased significantly after the intervention. The IMT group had significantly larger DE changes than the IS group. Of the 39 patients analyzed for postoperative outcome, 5 experienced grade II PPCs. The IMT group had a lower incidence of PPCs than the IS group.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with thoracic and abdominal esophageal cancer scheduled for surgery who had preoperative IMT have increased DE, which may have an important role in prevention of PPCs.