anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A medicated hard candy product for treating eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is disclosed herein. The medicated hard candy product includes a hard candy base material, the hard candy base material forming a substantially rigid candy product after being heated and permitted to cool for a predetermined time period; and a corticosteroid, the corticosteroid being intermixed with the hard candy base material. The medicated hard candy product is configured to reduce or alleviate esophageal inflammation and/or symptoms associated therewith in an individual when orally administered thereto. In one or more embodiments, the corticosteroid comprises one of: (i) budesonide, (ii) fluticasone, (iii) ciclesonide, (iv) beclomethasone dipropionate, and (v) mometasone furoate. Also, in one or more embodiments, the medicated hard candy product is in the form of a lollipop or lozenge. A method of treating, reducing, or alleviating esophageal inflammation in an individual, which utilizes the medicated hard candy product, is also disclosed herein.
This study explores the compelling antitumor properties of VALD-2, a synthetic Schiff base ligand known for its low toxicity. The focus is on investigating VALD-2's protective role against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in mice, with a specific emphasis on mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation. The study involves daily intraperitoneal injections of amifostine or VALD-2 over 7 days to establish an AKI model. Subsequently, mice were assigned to normal control, cisplatin group, cisplatin + amifostine group, and cisplatin + VALD-2 10 mg/kg group, cisplatin + VALD-2 20 mg/kg, and cisplatin + VALD-2 40 mg/kg. Kidney injury is assessed through serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) activity assays. Levels of inflammatory factors, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), in kidney tissue of mice were assessed through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protective effect of VALD-2 is further examined through HE staining to observe pathological changes in kidney injury. The ultrastructural changes of renal cells and tubular epithelial cells were observed by electron microscopy under experimental conditions, indicating the effect of VALD-2 on reversing cisplatin-induced renal injury. The study delves into VALD-2's protective mechanisms against cisplatin-induced kidney injury by using western blot analysis to assess the expression levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in kidney tissues. VALD-2 demonstrates significant improvement in cisplatin-induced AKI, as evidenced by increased BUN and Cr levels. It effectively protects kidney tissue from oxidative damage, enhancing SOD and GSH-Px activities while reducing MDA levels. The study also reveals a decrease in TNF-α and IL-6 levels, supported by ELISA results, and histological findings confirm anti-nephrotoxic effects. Western blot analysis shows an upregulation of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH-Px) and a reduction in MDA production. VALD-2 emerges as a promising mitigator of cisplatin-induced AKI, showcasing its ability to enhance oxidative stress-related protein expression. The findings suggest VALD-2 as a potential therapeutic agent for protecting against cisplatin-induced kidney injury.
Risk Summary

There are no data on the presence of trifluridine, tipiracil or its metabolites in human milk or its effects on the breastfed child or on milk production. In nursing rats, trifluridine and tipiracil or their metabolites were present in breast milk (see Data). Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed children, advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with LONSURF and for 1 day following the final dose. 

Data

Radioactivity was excreted in the milk of nursing rats dosed with trifluridine/tipiracil containing 14C-FTD or 14C-tipiracil (TPI). Levels of FTD-derived radioactivity were as high as approximately 50% of the exposure in maternal plasma an hour after dosing with trifluridine/tipiracil and were approximately the same as those in maternal plasma for up to 12 hours following dosing. Exposure to TPI-derived radioactivity was higher in milk than in maternal plasma beginning 2 hours after dosing and continuing for at least 12 hours following administration of trifluridine/tipiracil.
Anthrax is a zoonotic disease, occurring in wild and domestic mammals, caused by the spore forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis. Anthrax occurs in humans when they are exposed to infected animals, tissue from infected animals or when they are directly exposed to B. anthracis or its spores. In the USA, the annual incidence of human anthrax has declined. However, in the USA, shortly after September 11th 2001, there were 22 cases (18 confirmed) of inhaled and cutaneous anthrax infections that were related to contaminated mail. This is a double blind, parallel-group, dose ranging study of rPA anthrax vaccine. The subjects will be blinded as to which dose of rPA vaccine is administered. The primary objectives of this clinical trial are 1.) To evaluate the safety and tolerability associated with different primary immunization doses and schedules of rPA vaccine to enable determination of the optimum dose for future clinical trials and 2.) To evaluate the immunogenicity of different primary immunization doses and schedules of rPA vaccine to enable determination of the optimum schedule for future clinical trials.
DL2 will include ipilimumab at 1mg/kg and nivolumab at 3 mg/kg with APX005M of 0.3mg/kg for the induction phase. After 4 cycles we will treat with 360mg of nivolumab and APX005M every 3 weeks.
A pocket PC/desktop computer/PDA weight-training system designed to instantly calculate the domains of strength, power, endurance, work, aerobics, and body fat percentage. The system calculates the difference and percentage of change of each domain from weight-training session to session, reflecting a complete evaluation of overload. The system calculates the percentages of the user's 1-RM. When a weightlifting scheme grows ineffective, the user can choose another weight scheme related to their 1-RM, or they can change the exercises using a menu of complete exercises. The system also calculates the total rest days and days between trained body parts to evaluate recuperation cycles. The nutrition component calculates 47 nutrients, as the user marks servings of consumed foods. The user sets consumption goals, and the system reflects the difference of the goal and what was consumed. The aerobic/activity component gives the user a 30-day horizon analysis of muscle/fat gain or loss, based on the user's marked activity, calorie intake and the calculated basal metabolic rate.
Aging is a natural and inevitable process of organisms. With the intensification of population aging, research on aging has become a hot topic of global attention. The most obvious manifestation of human aging is the aging of brain function, which has been linked to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, COP-22, a mono-carbonyl curcumin derivative, was evaluated for its anti-aging ability, especially its ability to resist brain aging induced by D-galactose (D-gal) in mice. For brain protection, COP-22 could resist D-gal-induced oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidative defense enzymes and enhancing antioxidant capacity in the brain tissue; COP-22 could improve the dysfunction of the cholinergic system by decreasing the increased activity of acetylcholinesterase and increasing the reduced content of acetylcholine induced by D-gal; and COP-22 could protect nerve cells of the brain. Further, western blot was used to determine related proteins of the brain. We found that COP-22 could effectively protect against brain injury (SIRT1, p53, p21, and p16) by inhibiting oxidative stress (Nrf2 and HO-1), inflammation (IL-6 and TNF-α), and apoptosis (Bax and caspase-3) in D-gal-induced aging mice. Additionally, COP-22 demonstrated the ability to reduce oxidative stress in serum and liver caused by D-gal, as well as relieve the damages in the liver and kidney induced by D-gal. These results indicated that COP-22 had potential anti-aging activity and could be used in the therapy of aging and aging-associated diseases like Alzheimer disease.
PURPOSE:To obtain a medicine, a cosmetic and a food and drink, containing mallophenone as an active ingredient, having antioxidant activities and useful for preventing and treating adult diseases, malignant articular rheumatism, burn, common acne, dermal stains, etc. CONSTITUTION:This medicine, cosmetic or food and drink contains mallophenone of formula I or its salt as an active ingredient. The mallophenone or its salt can be prepared as an oral or a parenteral product and utilized in the field of the medicine, a quasi-drug, the cosmetic and food and drink by suitably blending the active ingredient with usually used carriers, adjuvants or additives according to a conventional method. The daily dose thereof as the medicine is 2-1000mg and the daily oral intake as a healthy food of a functional food is 5-500mg. The active ingredient has effects on suppression of disorder caused by active oxygen or peroxylipids produced in the living body and is useful for disorder in health or beauty and stabilizing the food and drink and improving the keeping quality thereof. The compound of formula I is obtained by reacting a compound of formula II (Prot is a protecting group) with a diazo compound, methylating the 4'-position and then deprotecting the resultant compound.
BACKGROUND: Within the United States, a 9-valent human papillomavirus (9vHPV) vaccine (HPV-6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58) is recommended as a two-dose series among individuals 9 to 14 years of age and a three-dose series among those 15 to 26 years of age. Data comparing two versus three doses of 9vHPV vaccine among individuals 15 to 26 years of age are limited. METHODS: We report on an ongoing, single-blinded, randomized noninferiority trial of the 9vHPV vaccine among individuals 15 to 26 years of age in the United States. Participants were randomly assigned to a two-dose (0 and 6 months) or three-dose (0, 2, and 6 months) schedule. Blood draws to assess antibody titers were planned before the first vaccination and at 1 and 6 months after the final vaccination. The primary outcome was the rate of seroconversion at 1 month after final vaccination. The secondary outcome was the two-dose versus three-dose ratio of antibody geometric mean titers (GMTs) for each of the 9vHPV genotypes at 1 and 6 months after final vaccination. This interim analysis reports results of female participants at 1 month after final vaccination. RESULTS: Of 860 participants screened, 438 were enrolled and randomly assigned to the two-dose (n=217) or three-dose (n=221) group. At 1 month after the final vaccine dose, the seroconversion rate for each of the nine HPV genotypes in the vaccine was 100% among participants in the two-dose group and 99% in the three-dose group. The point estimates of the two-dose versus three-dose ratios of antibody GMTs for eight of the nine HPV genotypes were above unity; the ratio for HPV-45 was 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66 to 1.13). This was also the smallest value for the lower bound of the 95% CI for all nine ratios (ratios above 1 favor the two-dose schedule). No serious adverse events were observed. CONCLUSIONS: In this unplanned interim analysis of U.S. female participants 15 to 26 years of age, two doses of 9vHPV vaccine appear to elicit responses similar to three doses at 1 month postvaccination. We await final results at 6 months following the last vaccine dose. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03943875.)
The goal of Behavioral Activation Psychotherapy is to help people identify and (re)engage in meaningful and positive activities through psychoeducation, identification of values and associated activities, goal setting, problem-solving, and monitoring of goal completion. There will be a BA manual for therapists and training provided by study staff on the manual (e.g., asynchronous and synchronous training sessions). BA therapists will be community clinicians. BA will be provided individually via telehealth and will be billed to participant insurance. At the start of BA treatment, participants will be oriented to the time-limited nature of BA, with the expectation that they will attend 8 sessions over the course of 3 months.
The landscape of ambulatory surgery is changing, and tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy is one of the most common pediatric surgical procedures performed nationally. The number of children undergoing tonsillectomy on an ambulatory basis continues to increase. The 2 most common indications for tonsillectomy are recurrent throat infections and obstructive sleep-disordered breathing. The most frequent early complications after tonsillectomy are hemorrhage and ventilatory compromise. In areas lacking a dedicated children's hospital, these cases are managed by a nonpediatric specialized anesthesiologist and general otolaryngology surgeon. In response to requests from our members without pediatric fellowship training and/or who care for pediatric patients infrequently, the Pediatric Committee of the Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia (SAMBA) developed a position statement with recommendations for the safe perioperative care of pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy with and without adenoidectomy in freestanding ambulatory surgical facilities. This statement identifies children that are more likely to experience complications and to require additional dedicated provider time that is not conducive to the rapid pace and staffing ratios of many freestanding ambulatory centers with mixed adult and pediatric practices. The aim is to provide health care professionals with practical criteria and suggestions based on the best available evidence. When high-quality evidence is unavailable, we relied on group consensus from pediatric ambulatory specialists in the SAMBA Pediatric Committee. Consensus recommendations were presented to the Pediatric Committee of SAMBA.
NEW MATERIAL:The compound of formula I (R<1> is 10-26C hydrocarbon group; R<2> is 9-25C hydrocarbon group; R<3> is H or 1-6C hydrocarbon group). EXAMPLE:N-(3-hexadecyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl)-N-methylhexadecanamide. USE:An external agent for skin effective in increasing moisture-retainability of corneal layer and improving chapped skin. PREPARATION:The compound of formula I is produced by reacting a glycidyl ether of formula II with an amine of formula R<3>NH2 in a solvent (e.g. THF) at 25-150 deg.C and selectively acylating the amino group of the compound or acylating the compound of formula III and then selectively hydrolyzing the ester group of the product. The amount of the compound of formula I to be compounded as an external agent for skin is preferably 0.1-20% based on the whole composition.
Cellulose cyanoacrylate is employed to bond two surfaces, fill voids or duplicate the shape of a three-dimensional object, Two surfaces may be bonded by placing a sheet of cellulose material between the surfaces and applying cyanoacrylate glue around the edge of the sheet until saturated and allowing it to cure. Paper toweling may favorably be employed as the cellulose material. A break or fracture in an article can be overlaid with a sheet of cellulose that when saturated with cyanoacrylate glue and temporarily held in place and shaped with a releasable film, the fracture can be corrected. A dry powder comprising highly abrasion-resistant particles can be mixed with the cellulose material to enhance abrasion resistance and to improve long-term color stability—especially important for dental cavity treatment. To duplicate the shape of a three-dimensional object, a sheet of releasable film is placed over the object, followed by a sheet of cellulose that is then saturated with cyanoacrylate glue. A sheet of releasable film is then placed over the cellulose and used to hold the cellulose in place and shape it as it hardens.
BACKGROUND: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is recognized as the most aggressive and immunologically infiltrated subtype of breast cancer. A high circulating neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is strongly linked to a poor prognosis among patients with breast cancer, emphasizing the critical role of neutrophils. Although the involvement of neutrophils in tumor metastasis is well documented, their interactions with primary tumors and tumor cells are not yet fully understood.
METHODS: Clinical data were analyzed to investigate the role of neutrophils in breast cancer. In vivo mouse model and in vitro co-culture system were used for mechanism researches. Blocking experiments were further performed to identify therapeutic agents against TNBC.
RESULTS: TNBC cells secreted GM-CSF to sustain the survival of mature neutrophils and upregulated CD11b expression. Through CD11b, neutrophils specifically binded to ICAM1 on TNBC cells, facilitating adhesion. Transcriptomic sequencing combined with human and murine functional experiments revealed that neutrophils, through direct CD11b-ICAM1 interactions, activated the MAPK signaling pathway in TNBC cells, thereby enhancing tumor cell invasion and migration. Atorvastatin effectively inhibited ICAM1 expression in tumor cells, and tumor cells with ICAM1 knockout or treated with atorvastatin were unresponsive to neutrophil activation. The MAPK pathway and MMP9 expression were significantly inhibited in the tumor tissues of TNBC patients treated with atorvastatin.
CONCLUSIONS: Targeting CD11b-ICAM1 with atorvastatin represented a potential clinical approach to reduce the malignant characteristics of TNBC.
Torsade de Pointes is the only arrhythmia that showed a dose-response relationship to dofetilide treatment. It did not occur in placebo treated patients. The incidence of Torsade de Pointes in patients with supraventricular arrhythmias was 0.8% (11/1346) (see WARNINGS). The incidence of Torsade de Pointes in patients who were dosed according to the recommended dosing regimen (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION) was 0.8% (4/525). Table 6 shows the frequency by randomized dose of serious arrhythmias and conduction disturbances reported as adverse events in patients with supraventricular arrhythmias. 

In the DIAMOND trials, a total of 1,511 patients were exposed to dofetilide for 1757 patient years. The incidence of Torsade de Pointes was 3.3% in CHF patients and 0.9% in patients with a recent MI.

Table 7 shows the incidence of serious arrhythmias and conduction disturbances reported as adverse events in the DIAMOND subpopulation that had AF at entry to these trials.
INTRODUCTION: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains the leading cause of maternal mortality. A new clinical intervention (E-MOTIVE) holds the potential to improve early PPH detection and management. We aimed to develop and pilot implementation strategies to support uptake of this intervention in Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, and Tanzania.
METHODS: Implementation strategy development: We triangulated findings from qualitative interviews, surveys and a qualitative evidence synthesis to identify current PPH care practices and influences on future intervention implementation. We mapped influences using implementation science frameworks to identify candidate implementation strategies before presenting these at stakeholder consultation and design workshops to discuss feasibility, acceptability, and local adaptations. Piloting: The intervention and implementation strategies were piloted in 12 health facilities (3 per country) over 3 months. Interviews (n=58), case report forms (n=1,269), and direct observations (18 vaginal births, 7 PPHs) were used to assess feasibility, acceptability, and fidelity.
RESULTS: Implementation strategy development: Key influences included shortages of drugs, supplies, and staff, limited in-service training, and perceived benefits of the intervention (e.g., more accurate PPH detection and reduced PPH mortality). Proposed implementation strategies included a PPH trolley, on-site simulation-based training, champions, and audit and feedback. Country-specific adaptations included merging the E-MOTIVE intervention with national maternal health trainings, adapting local PPH protocols, and PPH trollies depending on staff needs. Piloting: Intervention and implementation strategy fidelity differed within and across countries. Calibrated drapes resulted in earlier and more accurate PPH detection but were not consistently used at the start. Implementation strategies were feasible to deliver; however, some instances of limited use were observed (e.g., PPH trolley and skills practice after training).
CONCLUSION: Systematic intervention development, piloting, and process evaluation helped identify initial challenges related to intervention fidelity, which were addressed ahead of a larger-scale effectiveness evaluation. This has helped maximize the internal validity of the trial.
Tumour cells secrete various proangiogenic factors like VEGF, PDGF, and EGF that result in the formation of highly vascularized tumours with an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. As tumour growth and metastasis are highly dependent on angiogenesis, targeting tumour vasculature along with rapidly dividing tumour cells is a potential approach for cancer treatment. Here, we specifically engineered sub-100 sized nanomicelles (DTX-CA4 NMs) targeting proliferation and angiogenesis using an esterase-sensitive phosphocholine-tethered docetaxel conjugate of lithocholic acid (LCA) (PC-LCA-DTX) and a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivative of an LCA-combretastatin A4 conjugate (PEG-LCA-CA4). DTX-CA4 NMs effectively inhibit the tumour growth in syngeneic (CT26) and xenograft (HCT116) colorectal cancer models, inhibit tumour recurrence, and enhance the percentage survival in comparison with individual drug-loaded NMs. DTX-CA4 NMs enhance the T cell-mediated anti-tumour immune response and DTX-CA4 NMs in combination with an immune checkpoint inhibitor, anti-PDL1 antibody, enhance the anti-tumour response. We additionally showed that DTX-CA4 NMs effectively attenuate the production of ceramide-1-phosphate, a key metabolite of the sphingolipid pathway, by downregulating the expression of ceramide kinase at both transcriptional and translational levels. Therefore, this study presents the engineering of effective DTX-CA4 NMs for targeting the tumour microenvironment that can be explored further for clinical applications.
Bu Fei Fang: Roasted Astragalus, Codonopsis pilosula, Walnut kernels, Sichuan Fritillaria, Angelica sinensis, Stir fried Purple Su Zi, Honey Baibu, Roasted Purple Aster, etc. Take 1 dose daily, 5 days a week.