anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Chromosomal 16p11.2 deletions and duplications are genomic disorders which are characterized by neurobehavioral abnormalities, obesity, congenital abnormalities. However, the prenatal phenotypes associated with 16p11.2 copy number variations (CNVs) have not been well characterized. This study aimed to provide an elaborate summary of intrauterine phenotypic features for these genomic disorders.
METHODS: Twenty prenatal amniotic fluid samples diagnosed with 16p11.2 microdeletions/microduplications were obtained from pregnant women who opted for invasive prenatal testing. Karyotypic analysis and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) were performed in parallel. The pregnancy outcomes and health conditions of all cases after birth were followed up. Meanwhile, we made a pooled analysis of the prenatal phenotypes in the published cases carrying 16p11.2 CNVs.
RESULTS: 20 fetuses (20/20,884, 0.10%) with 16p11.2 CNVs were identified: five had 16p11.2 BP2-BP3 deletions, 10 had 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 deletions and five had 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 duplications. Abnormal ultrasound findings were recorded in ten fetuses with 16p11.2 deletions, with various degrees of intrauterine phenotypic features observed. No ultrasound abnormalities were observed in any of the 16p11.2 duplications cases during the pregnancy period. Eleven cases with 16p11.2 deletions terminated their pregnancies. For 16p11.2 duplications, four cases gave birth to healthy neonates except for one case that was lost to follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: Diverse prenatal phenotypes, ranging from normal to abnormal, were observed in cases with 16p11.2 CNVs. For 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 deletions, abnormalities of the vertebral column or ribs and thickened nuchal translucency were the most common structural and non-structural abnormalities, respectively. 16p11.2 BP2-BP3 deletions might be closely associated with fetal growth restriction and single umbilical artery. No characteristic ultrasound findings for 16p11.2 duplications have been observed to date. Given the variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance of 16p11.2 CNVs, long-term follow-up after birth should be conducted for these cases.
Disclosed is a process for producing in large quantity a bimolecular membrane vesicle of a single layer having an even size in the range of 1 to 100 μm, and the process can realize a high filling efficiency. Also disclosed is an apparatus for producing a bimolecular membrane vesicle.  The apparatus for producing a bimolecular membrane vesicle comprises a plurality of structures.  The structure comprises a main flow channel, a plurality of microchambers open to the main flow channel, a chamber in communication with the microchambers, and a pulsation preventive means provided in the chamber.  Also disclosed is a process for producing a bimolecular membrane vesicle.  The process for producing a bimolecular membrane vesicle comprises the step of preparing the structure of the present invention, first and second aqueous solutions, and a phase separation fluid, the step of forming a phase separation fluid layer from the phase separation fluid and suspending the phase separation fluid layer on the side wall surface of the microchambers, and the step of shearing the phase separation fluid layer by a liquid stream of the second aqueous solution within the main flow channel, whereby the phase separation fluid layer and the first aqueous solution surrounded by the phase separation fluid layer are bundled and are cut as the vesicle.
ONYDA XR contains clonidine hydrochloride, a centrally acting alpha2-adrenergic agonist. Clonidine hydrochloride is an imidazoline derivative and exists as a mesomeric compound. The chemical name is 2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)imino]imidazolidine hydrochloride. The following is the structural formula:

The molecular formula of clonidine hydrochloride is C9H9Cl2N3•HCl and the molecular weight is 266.5. The pKa is 8.05.

Clonidine hydrochloride is an odorless, bitter, white to almost white, crystalline powder soluble in water and alcohol. The pH of a 5% solution in water is between 3.5 and 5.5. 

ONYDA XR is an extended-release suspension for oral administration. Each mL of ONYDA XR contains 0.09 mg clonidine equivalent to 0.1 mg clonidine hydrochloride (0.095 mg clonidine hydrochloride complexed with sodium polystyrene sulfonate and 0.005 mg clonidine hydrochloride). The pH of ONYDA XR is between 2.8 and 4.

The inactive ingredients are anhydrous citric acid, edetate disodium, glycerin, modified starch, methylparaben, orange flavor, polyvinyl acetate dispersion 30%, povidone, polysorbate 80, propylparaben, purified water, sucrose, sodium polystyrene sulfonate, triacetin, xanthan gum.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject intermediate by reaction of a cephalosporin derivative bearing methyl group on the 3-site with a specific compound to effect slight formation of byproduct Δ<2> -form on the cephem ring and also transform the methyl group on the 3-site to enaminomethyl group in high yield. SOLUTION: This intermediate of formula II is obtained by reaction of a compound of formula I (R<1> is an amino-protective group interposed with a carbon, sulfur or silicon atom, or an acyl; R<2> is a carboxyl-protective group) or a salt thereof with tris(dimethylamino)methane, wherein the amount of the tris(dimethylamino)methane to be used is pref. 2-3 equivalents per mol of the compound of formula. The above reaction is carried out using N- methylpyrrolidone as reaction solvent pref. at 10-20 wt. times based on the compound of formula I at 30-40 deg.C for 2-4 h. After hydrolyzing this compound of formula II, reaction of the reaction product with a disulfide compound in the presence of a phosphorus compound affords a raw material compound for antimicrobial agents.
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and sinus node dysfunction (SND) are commonly observed together clinically. However, little is known about the genetic background and causal relationship between the two.
METHODS: Firstly, we investigated the global and local genetic correlations between AF and SND using LDSC and HESS. Then, we identified shared "Novel SNPs" between AF and SND through two complementary cross-trait meta-analyses and mapped the "pleiotropic genes" behind these SNPs, validated by colocalization analysis. Additionally, we explored the degree of genetic enrichment of SNPs in specific tissues using LDSC-SEG and MAGMA, and identified potential functional genes in tissues using summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR). Finally, two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) were used to explore the causal relationship between AF and SND.
RESULTS: Both global and local genetic correlation analyses revealed a high positive genetic correlation between AF and SND. HESS identified 9 shared loci, with chr4(q25-q26) and chr11(p11.12-q11) being prominent. Cross-trait meta-analysis and colocalization analysis identified ENPEP and PITX2 as novel pleiotropic genes. MAGMA revealed genetic enrichment of SNPs for AF and SND in the "Heart Left Ventricle" and "Heart Atrial Appendage" tissues, with CEP68 and BEST3 identified as potential functional genes through SMR. MR analysis indicated that AF increases the risk of SND, even after adjusting for confounding factors.
CONCLUSION: This study provides genetic evidence for the increased risk of SND associated with AF, identifying multiple shared risk loci and enriched tissues, and discovering 2 novel pleiotropic genes and 2 new functional genes.
In vitro and in vivo animal studies have shown that cromolyn sodium inhibits sensitized mast cell degranulation which occurs after exposure to specific antigens. Cromolyn sodium acts by inhibiting the release of mediators from mast cells. Studies show that cromolyn sodium indirectly blocks calcium ions from entering the mast cell, thereby preventing mediator release.

Cromolyn sodium inhibits both the immediate and non-immediate bronchoconstrictive reactions to inhaled antigen. Cromolyn sodium also attenuates bronchospasm caused by exercise, toluene diisocyanate, aspirin, cold air, sulfur dioxide, and environmental pollutants.

Cromolyn sodium has no intrinsic bronchodilator or antihistamine activity.

After administration by inhalation, approximately 8% of the total cromolyn sodium dose administered is absorbed and rapidly excreted unchanged, approximately equally divided between urine and bile. The remainder of the dose is either exhaled or deposited in the oropharynx, swallowed and excreted via the alimentary tract.
PURPOSE: Provided is an arteriosclerosis inhibitor which contains, as active ingredients, lactic acid bacteria homogenates or lactic acid bacteria cytoplasmic fractions and effectively prevents and/or treats arteriosclerosis by controlling blood cholesterol level and inhibiting lipid peroxidation as well as the generation of inflammatory precursors. CONSTITUTION: The arteriosclerosis inhibitor has, as effective ingredients, of lactic acid bacteria homogenates or lactic acid bacteria cytoplasmic fractions. The inhibitor is prepared through culturing lactic acid bacteria in a culture broth and recovering the cultured lactic acid bacteria therefrom, suspending the recovered lactic acid bacteria in a buffer solution or a distilled water, and disrupting the suspended lactic acid bacteria. The lactic acid bacteria are selected from the group consisting of Lactobacillus delbrueki ssp. bulgaricus (Lbul), Streptococcus thermophilus (Sthe), Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris (Lcre), Lactobacillus casei (Lcas), Lactobacillus acidophilus (Laci), Bifidobacterium longum (Blon), Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis (Llac), Bifidobacterium adolescentis (Bado), Lactobacillus plantarum (Lpla), Leuconostoc mesenteroides (Leuco) and Pediococcus pentosaceus (Pedio).
OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively assess the periocular asymmetry and investigate its sex and age-related differences in a Caucasian population using three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry.
METHOD: Standardized 3D photos of the periocular region of 301 Caucasians were taken using the VECTRA M3 3D Imaging System. Standardized landmarks were positioned, and data measurements in the periocular region were obtained from these images using VAM software and assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for reliability. Absolute differences and asymmetry index between the right and the left periocular region were calculated with a focus on gender and age-related differences.
RESULT: Fissure height asymmetry was positively correlated with age (p < 0.01). Furthermore, reflex distance asymmetry was positively correlated with age in the elderly group (p < 0.05). Absolute differences of upper eyelid crease were 0.65 ± 0.79 mm for females and 0.90 ± 0.94 mm for males (p < 0.05). In the elderly group, the absolute differences of reflex distance were 0.664 ± 0.471 mm for males and 0.470 ± 0.408 mm for females (p < 0.05), while the absolute differences of fissure height were 0.619 ± 0.469 mm and 0.436 ± 0.372 mm, respectively (p < 0.05). All measurements had an inter-rater ICC and intra-rater ICC between 0.761 and 0.957.
CONCLUSION: Periocular asymmetry is more prominent in older and male people. 3D photogrammetry is a reliable tool to detect periocular asymmetry and might provide an accurate and effective reference for periocular cosmetic, plastic, and reconstructive surgery in the clinical routine.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE I: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors. www.springer.com/00266 .
The invention discloses a preparation method of a Chinese medicine lotion used for the treatment of the soft tissue wound of the chest wall, pertaining to the technical field of the preparation methods of Chinese medicine. Currently, anti-infective drugs are usually adopted for the treatment of the soft tissue wound of the chest wall, with allergic reactions of different types being possible to occur. Large dose of medicines possibly causes neurotoxic reactions and pneumonedema. The technical proposal of the invention is that radix salviae miltiorrhizae, motherwort herb, radix curcumae, rhizoma curcumae longae, excrementum pteropi, radix achyranthis bidentatae, lacca sinica exsiccate, herba verbenae, Chinese rose flower, muskmelon seed, hairy holly root, rhizoma cyperi, radix aucklandiae, combined spicebush root, pericarpium citri reticulatae viride, Amomum cardamomum, fructus meliae toosendan, citron skin, fructus citri sarcodactyli, lignum aquilariae, rose, trifoliate-orange immature fruit, cassia twig, wooly datchmanspipe herb, mulberry twig, radix clematidis, notopterygium incisium and licorice roots northwest origin are taken and dipped in water, and then gently decocted by slow fire and filtered to remove dregs of the decoction. The decocted liquid medicine is prepared to the Chinese medicine lotion used for the treatment of the soft tissue wound of the chest wall. The preparation method of the invention has the advantages that the Chinese medicine lotion has simple preparation, and the prepared Chinese medicine has little toxic and side effects and can directly access to the diseased region and be easily absorbed, with short therapeutic duration and high cure rate.
Kava (piper methysticum) is a complementary or alternative medication used for purported anxiolytic and sedative effects. Despite its widespread use there is no data regarding potential for drug interactions or its effects on the electroencephalogram. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of administration of kava for 3 weeks on the activity of cytochrome p450, 1A2, 2D6, 3A4; NAT2, and XO. Additionally, the effect of kava on EEG measured beta amplitude will be evaluated. Fifteen healthy volunteers will undergo enzyme activity phenotyping by ingesting 2 mg/kg of caffeine and 30 mg of dextromethorphan followed by an overnight urine collection. Following completion of two separate baseline evaluations, separated by 1 week, subjects will then take 1 capsule containing 60 mg of kavalactones three times daily for 3 weeks. Following 3 weeks of therapy subjects will undergo repeat enzyme activity phenotyping as described previously. Enzyme activity following 3 weeks of kava will be compared to pre-treatment values to characterize the magnitude of inhibition and/or induction of CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, NAT2, and XO activity. Additionally, subjects will have EEG testing performed to evaluate the effect of kava on beta amplitude. EEG's will be performed the day before the first baseline phenotyping procedure and then following three weeks of kava (the day before the final phenotyping procedure). Beta amplitude following three weeks of kava will be compared to pre-treatment values to evaluate the magnitude of pharmacodynamic effect. The results of this study will be used to facilitate the development of protocols to evaluate the magnitude of interactions between clinically relevant traditional medications and kava as well as studies to compare the pharmacologic effect of kava to the effects of benzodiazepines.
The invention provides a formulation including an acetic acid buffer, a glutamic acid buffer or a succinic acid buffer with a pH from about 4.5-7.0, at least one excipient comprising a sugar or a polyol and an effective amount of a therapeutic 5 antibody. The buffer can include a salt of acetate, glutamate or succinate and the sugar or polyol can include glycerol, sucrose, trehalose or sorbitol. The therapeutic antibody can include a human antibody, a humanized antibody, a chimeric antibody, or a functional fragment thereof. WO 2008/045373 PCT/US2007/021477 ABX-EGF PF000619 pH Stability Study SEC 0. 0 . . Frula t i z CL CL CL CLJ CL4 0N U.. L LL LL w LL 0 Formulations 1~w a 2m
BACKGROUND: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is the most commonly used modality for the removal of kidney stones larger than 2 cm in size. Like other stone removal methods, percutaneous nephrolithotomy also has some complications, including bleeding and delayed hematuria. These complications are improved with conservative management and bed rest most of the time. However, it may require more invasive treatments. Angioembolization following an abnormal renal angiography is an efficient treatment modality for delayed hematuria. Furthermore, nephrectomy is suggested in uncontrolled cases of delayed hematuria when renal angiography is normal.
CASE PRESENTATION: We described two cases of uncontrolled delayed hematuria after percutaneous nephrolithotomy and angioembolization were carried out rather than potential nephrectomies. The first case was a 61-year-old Iranian man with left kidney stones, for whom percutaneous nephrolithotomy was planned. The patient was referred to the hospital after discharge with massive hematuria and had normal angiographic findings. An angioembolization was suggested for the patient and was carried out. His hematuria was dramatically improved within 30 minutes, and his hemoglobin level started to increase 2 days later. The second case was a 53-year-old Iranian man with kidney stones who was a candidate for right kidney percutaneous nephrolithotomy. The patient was referred to the hospital 4 days after discharge with a decreased hemoglobin level and massive hematuria. The patient had normal angiographic findings and was planned for angioembolization to control his hemorrhage, which dramatically decreased after the angioembolization within 60 minutes.
CONCLUSION: Embolization of the segmental arteries of the targeted calyx can eliminate hematuria of the patient and prevent further nephrectomy.
The recommended nutritional requirements of lipid and recommended dosages of CLINOLIPID to be administered to meet those requirements for pediatric and adult patients are provided in Table 1, along with recommendations for the initial and maximum infusion rates. For complete parenteral nutrition, concomitant supplementation with amino acids, carbohydrates, electrolytes, vitamins, and trace elements is necessary.

Prior to administration of CLINOLIPID, correct severe water and electrolyte disorders, severe fluid overload states, and severe metabolic disorders. Before starting the infusion, obtain serum triglyceride levels to establish the baseline value. In patients with elevated triglyceride levels, initiate CLINOLIPID injection at a lower dose, and advance in smaller increments, checking the triglyceride levels prior to each adjustment.

Adjust the infusion rate by taking into account the dose being administered, the daily volume intake, and the duration of the infusion. Do not exceed the maximum infusion rates in Table 1[see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and see Overdosage (10)].

The recommended duration of infusion for a parenteral nutrition bag is between 12 and 24 hours, depending on the clinical situation. For preterm and term neonates, the recommended duration of infusion is 20 to 24 hours. Treatment with parenteral nutrition may be continued for as long as required by the patient’s condition.

The maximum daily dosage of CLINOLIPID should be based on individual total nutritional requirements and patient tolerance (Table 1).
This group were told the 1st cohort of the study was full and they would be permitted to join cohort 2 in 6 weeks time. At the end of this waitlist period participants were invited to join the second cohort so long as they still met the inclusion criteria.
Frail individuals aged 65 years or older who have multimorbidity. This group will include participants who exhibit frailty and have two or more chronic diseases.
Patients with previous atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) are typically managed by secondary prevention modalities; however, they may experience recurrent events. In acute myocardial infarction (MI), the prognostic effect of preexisting ASCVD on the short- and long-term outcomes remains uncertain. This retrospective, multicenter registry included 2,475 patients with acute MI who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. Previous ASCVD was defined as a history of ischemic events in the coronary, cerebral, and peripheral arterial territories. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to preexisting ASCVD. The primary end point was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, recurrent MI, and ischemic stroke during hospitalization and after discharge. The bleeding outcomes were also evaluated. Of the 2,475 patients, 475 (19.2%) had previous ASCVD. Patients with previous ASCVD were older and likely to have more co-morbidities than those without ASCVD. During hospitalization, the MACE rates were higher in the ASCVD group than in the non-ASCVD group (16.4% vs 9.6%, p <0.001). Similarly, during a median follow-up of 542 days after discharge, patients with previous ASCVD had an increased risk of MACEs than those without ASCVD (13.4% vs 5.6%, p <0.001). The multivariable analyses identified previous ASCVD as a factor that was significantly associated with MACEs after discharge. Major bleeding events occurred more frequently in the ASCVD group than in the non-ASCVD group. In conclusion, preexisting ASCVD was often observed in patients with acute MI and was particularly associated with long-term ischemic outcomes after discharge; thus, further clinical investigations are needed in this vulnerable patient subset.
Methods, systems, apparatuses, and computer-readable storage mediums described herein are configured to determine contextually-relevant information for a user and provide that information to the user in a personalized manner. For instance, a user may enter an environment. Sensors located in that environment are utilized to identify the user. Upon identifying the user, previously-collected information pertaining to that user is accessed. Sensor data collected from sensors located in other environments visited by the user is also accessed. Sensors in the present environment is utilized to monitor and/or track the identified user as he navigates through the environment. The collected sensor data is utilized to determine an activity the user performs in the environment and/or predict an activity that a user is likely to perform in the environment. Contextually-relevant information pertaining to such activities is determined based on both present sensor data and historical sensor data of that user.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To promote participation of healthy people while reducing the cost and to comprehensively perform not only follow-up management of a sufferer but also health maintenance and preventive maintenance of diseases or the like.  <P>SOLUTION: The participation to this system is given as a privilege of purchase of a multiple dwelling house 1, whereby participation of healthy people can be promoted to facilitate the commercialization and differentiation. A health management room 31 or the like provided within a common block 3 is shared, whereby the cost can be significantly reduced, compared with the case where health management equipment 2a is set in every dwelling house 2. Measured data or the like from health management equipment 31a are presented on a monitor center terminal 46c through the Internet 9 or the like, whereby the health state or occurrence of diseases or the like can be monitored. Further, the measured data or the like are recorded as an electronic medical chart 42, whereby tracking of a course change or the like can be facilitated.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI