anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION: Over the past two decades, Tanzania's burden of non-communicable diseases has grown disproportionately, but limited resources are still prioritized. A trained human resource for health is urgently needed to combat these diseases. However, continuous medical education for NCDs is scarce. This paper reports on the mid-level healthcare workers knowledge on NCDs. We assessed the knowledge to measure the effectiveness of the training conducted during the initiation of a Package for Essential Management of Severe NCDs (PEN Plus) in rural district hospitals in Tanzania.
METHODS: The training was given to 48 healthcare employees from Dodoma Region's Kondoa Town Council District Hospital. For a total of five (5) days, a fundamental course on NCDs featured in-depth interactive lectures and practical workshops. Physicians from Tanzania's higher education institutions, tertiary university hospitals, research institutes, and medical organizations served as trainers. Before and after the training, a knowledge assessment comprising 28 questions was administered. Descriptive data analysis to describe the characteristics of the specific knowledge on physiology, diagnosis and therapy of diabetes mellitus, rheumatic fever, heart disease, and sickle cell disease was done using Stata version 17 (STATA Corp Inc., TX, USA).
RESULTS: Complete assessment data for 42 out of the 48 participants was available. Six participants did not complete the training and the assessment. The mean age of participants was 36.9 years, and slightly above half (52%) were above 35 years. Two-thirds (61.9%) were female, and about half (45%) were nurses. The majority had the experience of working for more than 5 years, and the average was 9.4 years (+/- 8.4 years). Overall, the trainees' average scores improved after the training (12.79 vs. 16.05, p < 0.0001) out of 28 possible scores. Specifically, trainees' average scores were better in treatment than in diagnosis, except for sickle cell disease (1.26 vs. 1.83). Most were not able to diagnose rheumatic heart disease (47.6% able) compared to diabetes mellitus (54.8% able) or sickle cell disease (64.3% able) at baseline. The proportion of trainees with adequate knowledge of the treatment of sickle cell disease and diabetes mellitus was 35% and 38.1%, respectively, and there was a non-statistical difference after training. Those working for less than 5 years had a higher proportion of adequate knowledge (30.8%) compared to their more experienced colleagues (6.9%). After the training, participants' knowledge of NCDs increased by three times (i.e., aPR 3, 95% CI = 1.1, 1.5, and 6.0).
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: PEN Plus training improved the knowledge of healthcare workers at Kondoa Town Council District Hospital. Training is especially needed among nurses and those with a longer duration of work. Continuing education for human resources for health on the management of NCDs is highly recommended in this setting.
Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a severe and uncommon form of psoriasis, for which treatment options are limited. There is an urgent need to expand the treatment options for GPP. Currently, adalimumab, secukinumab, and guselkumab are considered effective for GPP, but there is a lack of prospective direct comparative studies on their efficacy for GPP. We conducted a prospective, single-center, observational study on 50 GPP patients to compare the efficacy, safety, and recurrence rates of these three biologics. Adalimumab, secukinumab, and guselkumab resulted in varying degrees of improvement in patients with GPP, but guselkumab exhibited superior efficacy and a lower recurrence rate than the other two drugs. This enhanced response may be attributed to the significant reduction in CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells within GPP lesions caused by guselkumab.
Participants received intradermal injections of Cvac given at 4-week intervals for the first 3 doses, and then every 12 weeks for 3 additional doses, for a total of 6 doses over 44 weeks. Each injection had an approximate concentration of 60 × 10\^6 viable dendritic cells/mL.
This study is enrolling participants who are already implanted with a S-ICD device ( subcutaneous ICD), and are undergoing a routine outpatient clinic follow up appointment to have their S-ICD checked. The aim of the study is to see if a feature in the device can recognize muscle movement and differentiate movement from irregular heart signals. The study involves doing some simple arm exercises while collecting device data, both with this feature turn on and then with it turned off. Participants will be randomized to either have the feature turned on or off initially, then it will be programmed the alternative way and the same exercise testing will be repeated. The study will involve just one visit. Following this visit study participation is complete.
The innate immune response is triggered rapidly after injury and its spatiotemporal dynamics are critical for regeneration; however, many questions remain about its exact role. Here we show that MyD88, a key component of the innate immune response, controls not only the inflammatory but also the fibrotic response during zebrafish cardiac regeneration. We find in cryoinjured myd88-/- ventricles a significant reduction in neutrophil and macrophage numbers and the expansion of a collagen-rich endocardial population. Further analyses reveal compromised PI3K/AKT pathway activation in the myd88-/- endocardium and increased myofibroblasts and scarring. Notably, endothelial-specific overexpression of myd88 reverses these neutrophil, fibrotic and scarring phenotypes. Mechanistically, we identify the endocardial-derived chemokine gene cxcl18b as a target of the MyD88 signaling pathway, and using loss-of-function and gain-of-function tools, we show that it controls neutrophil recruitment. Altogether, these findings shed light on the pivotal role of MyD88 in modulating inflammation and fibrosis during tissue regeneration.
INTRODUCTION: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the commonest causes of peripheral vertigo. It is treated with various canalolith repositioning manoeuvres by changing the head positions to allow the otoconial debris to fall back from the affected canal back to the utricle. The present study has compared the rate of recovery of vertigo with modified Epley's manoeuvres as compared to Semont's manoeuvre in patients with posterior canal BPPV.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and seventy patients diagnosed by positive Dix-Hallpike test as posterior canal BPPV were included in this clinical trial. Subjective analysis of vertigo was done using visual analogue scale. 85 patients each were recruited in two arms by simple randomization using lottery method. Modified Epley's manoeuvre was administered to one group and Semont's manoeuvre to the other. They were recalled after 2 weeks for clinical assessment with repeat Dix-Hallpike and VAS.
RESULTS: Repeat Dix-Hallpike manoeuvres after two weeks revealed that 95.3 and 90.6% patients improved in Modified Epley's and Semont's group, respectively. After the second manoeuvre, the resolution rate was significantly higher in Semont's manoeuvre 100% (8 out of 8 patients), as compared to 25% (1 out of 4 patients) in Modified Epley's manoeuvre. Comparison of the mean values of VAS day 0 and VAS 2 weeks has been found to be statistically significant (p value of < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Both Epley's and Semont's manoeuvre are equally efficacious in treatment of BPPV. However, use of Semont's manoeuvre required fewer repeat manoeuvres for complete resolution of symptoms in patients. The Semont's manoeuvre is also comparatively easier to perform with less number of position changes, takes less time, and has no requirement of post-manoeuvre mobility restrictions. Hence, it is recommended that Semont's manoeuvre can be routinely used for the management of PC BPPV especially in older population and patients with spinal problems.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess whether population-level patterns in seizure occurrence previously observed in self-reported diaries, medical records, and electroencephalographic recordings were also present in tonic-clonic seizure (TCS) diaries produced via the combined input of a US Food and Drug Administration-cleared wristband with an artificial intelligence detection algorithm and patient self-reports. We also investigated the characteristics of patient interactions with wearable seizure alerts.
METHODS: We analyzed wristband data from patients with TCSs who had at least three reported TCSs over a minimum of 90 days. We quantified TCS frequency and cycles, and the relationship between the mean and variability of monthly TCS counts. We also assessed interaction metrics such as false alarm dismissal and seizure confirmation rates.
RESULTS: Applying strict criteria for usable data, we reviewed 137 490 TCSs from 3012 patients, with a median length of TCS alert records of 445 days (range = 90-1806). Analyses showed consistency between prior diary studies and the present data concerning (1) the distribution of monthly TCS frequency (median = 3.1, range = .08-26); (2) the linear relationship (slope = .79, R2 = .83) between the logarithm of the mean and the logarithm of the SD of monthly TCS frequency (L-relationship); and (iii) the prevalence of multiple coexisting seizure cycles, including circadian (84.0%), weekly (24.6%), and long-term cycles (31.1%).
SIGNIFICANCE: Key population-level patterns in seizure occurrence are recapitulated in wrist-worn device recordings, supporting their validity for tracking TCS burden. Compared to other approaches, wearables can provide noninvasive, objective, long-term data, revealing cycles in seizure risk. However, improved patient engagement with wristband alerts and further validation of detection accuracy in ambulatory settings are needed. Together, these findings suggest that data from smart wristbands may be used to derive features of TCS records and, ultimately, facilitate remote monitoring and the development of personalized forecasting tools for TCS management. Our findings may not generalize to other types of seizures.
Subjects are patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit and identified by one of the investigators as being appropriate for protein supplementation. Guidelines required that patients were: 1. Deemed ready to start enteral nutritional support by the attending physician within 72 hours of admission to the intensive care unit, 2. No contraindications to full enteral support, 3. No history of chronic liver disease, 4. Serum creatinine \< 2.0 mg/dl.
FIELD: organic chemistry, chemical technology, medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to new alkyl-piperazinyl benzoxazolone and alkyl-piperidinyl benzoxazolone derivatives of the formula (I)   wherein S 1  represents hydrogen atom; Z represents =C or N; R 1 , R 2 , R 4  represent independently hydrogen atom; Q represents methyl, ethyl or cyclopropylmethyl; and their salts and prodrugs. Method for preparing compounds of the formula (I) is carried out by reaction of compound of the formula (I) wherein Q represents hydrogen atom with compound Q-Hal wherein Q represents methyl, ethyl or cyclopropylmethyl and Hal represents halogen atom. Method for preparing compounds of the formula (I) wherein Z represents N is carried out by reaction of compound of the formula (II)   with compound of the formula (III)  . Method for preparing compounds of the formula (I) wherein Z represents =C is carried out by reaction of compound of the formula (IV)   with derivative of piperidone followed by dehydration and elimination of protective group. Invention relates also to method for treatment of the central nervous system disturbances, anxiety and/or depression, Parkinson's disease. Invention provides preparing new compounds. EFFECT: improved preparing method, improved treatment method, valuable medicinal properties of compounds. 10 cl, 3 ex
For decades, innate immune cells were considered unsophisticated first responders, lacking the adaptive memory of their T and B cell counterparts. However, mounting evidence demonstrates the surprising complexity of innate immunity. Beyond quickly deploying specialized cells and initiating inflammation, two fascinating phenomena - endotoxin tolerance (ET) and trained immunity (TI) - have emerged. ET, characterized by reduced inflammatory response upon repeated exposure, protects against excessive inflammation. Conversely, TI leads to an enhanced response after initial priming, allowing the innate system to mount stronger defences against subsequent challenges. Although seemingly distinct, these phenomena may share underlying mechanisms and functional implications, blurring the lines between them. This review will delve into ET and TI, dissecting their similarities, differences, and the remaining questions that warrant further investigation.
In hemodynamically stable patients within 24 hours of the onset of symptoms of acute myocardial infarction, the first dose of lisinopril is 5 mg given orally, followed by 5 mg after 24 hours, 10 mg after 48 hours and then 10 mg of lisinopril once daily. Dosing should continue for six weeks. Patients should receive, as appropriate, the standard recommended treatments such as thrombolytics, aspirin, and beta-blockers.

Patients with a low systolic blood pressure (≤ 120 mmHg) when treatment is started or during the first 3 days after the infarct should be given a lower 2.5 mg oral dose of lisinopril tablet (See WARNINGS). If hypotension occurs (systolic blood pressure ≤ 100 mmHg) a daily maintenance dose of 5 mg may be given with temporary reductions to 2.5 mg if needed. If prolonged hypotension occurs (systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg for more than 1 hour) lisinopril tablet should be withdrawn. For patients who develop symptoms of heart failure, see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, Heart Failure.

Dosage Adjustment in Patients With Myocardial Infarction with Renal Impairment: In acute myocardial infarction, treatment with lisinopril tablets should be initiated with caution in patients with evidence of renal dysfunction, defined as serum creatinine concentration exceeding 2 mg/dL. No evaluation of dosing adjustments in myocardial infarction patients with severe renal impairment has been performed.
In this study, 3 groups of subjects will be recruited based on the indications of using DFPP. Estimated 100 sub-healthy subjects will be enrolled in the Group A (inflammatory cytokine group), the inflammatory cytokine panel will be tested at baseline, immediately and 1, 3, 6 months after using DFPP. Similarly estimated 100 subjects with elevated blood lipid or cholesterol will be enrolled in Group B (lipids group), the lipid panel will be tested at the same timeline as Group A. Estimated 50 subjects who are likely to have toxic metal ions accumulated (eg. using make-up for long term, working exposure) will be enrolled in Group C (toxic metal ions group), the specific metal ions will be tested before and after using DFPP. Tests related to immune cells will also be conducted in Group A and B at baseline, immediately and 1, 3, 6 months after using DFPP.
PURPOSE: To perform a constant medicine-taking guidances to all patients, to more politely guide the points that the patients have doubts and feel uneasy and to improve the satisfaction degree of the patients by retrieving a storage means, extracting various kinds of data on the patients and infering the optimum medicine-taking guiding principle. CONSTITUTION: A knowledge storage means 5 finds out medicine-taking guiding principle data, certainty degree data and condition data by defining the rule ID inputted from an inference means 6 as a retrieval key. The data is outputted to an inference means 6. A inference processing means 6 prepares a medicine- taking guiding principle in accordance with a prescribed procedure step by referring to the knowledge data stored in the knowledge storage means 5 for the data on patients. This inference processing means 6 inputs each prescription data and inspection result data from a patient information storage means 1, an inspection information storage means 2 and a medicine information storage means 3. The rule ID and the medicine-taking guiding principle data are outputted to an output means 8.
A. The investigators evaluated patients who were diagnosed as segmental vitiligo clinically on Severance hospital and who were 19 years old or older.
OBJECTIVES: Cytology reports of metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) are rare and limited to short series and simple case reports. To adapt cytology diagnostic criteria to the most recent fifth edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Breast Tumours from 2019, we have reviewed our series from the files of the Institut Curie.
METHODS: A cohort of 66 female patients investigated by cytology with corresponding histologic diagnosis of MBC was identified. Eight cytologic characteristics were analyzed: cellularity, adenocarcinoma cells, squamous cells, spindle cells, giant cells, cytonuclear atypia, necrosis, and osseous/chondroid matrix and compared with histology.
RESULTS: Cytologic diagnoses were malignant in 58 (88%) cases (of which 29 cases were typed cytologically as MBC), suspicious in 6 (9%) cases, and nondiagnostic in 2 (3%) cases. None of the cytologic examinations was a benign diagnosis. Low-grade adenosquamous carcinoma and fibromatosis-like metaplastic carcinoma exhibited a low degree of cellular atypia. Fibromatosis-like metaplastic carcinoma and spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC) presented spindle cells, while SpCC also demonstrated varying degrees of atypia, the presence of giant cells, and necrosis. Squamous cell carcinoma was characterized by the presence of squamous cells, and metaplastic carcinoma with osseous/chondroid differentiation displayed an osseous/chondroid matrix.
CONCLUSIONS: Fine-needle aspiration holds considerable potential as a valid, independent, and complementary approach to histologic examination of MBC.
Anaphylactic and other hypersensitivity reactions with cardiovascular, respiratory or cutaneous manifestations, ranging from mild to severe, including death, have uncommonly occurred following gadobutrol injection administration [see Adverse Reactions ( 6)] . 

  * Before gadobutrol injection administration, assess all patients for any history of a reaction to contrast media, bronchial asthma and/or allergic disorders. These patients may have an increased risk for a hypersensitivity reaction to gadobutrol injection.
  * Administer gadobutrol injection only in situations where trained personnel and therapies are promptly available for the treatment of hypersensitivity reactions, including personnel trained in resuscitation.



Most hypersensitivity reactions to gadobutrol injection have occurred within half an hour after administration. Delayed reactions can occur up to several days after administration. Observe patients for signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity reactions during and following gadobutrol injection administration.
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to examine the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and bone mineral density (BMD) changes among Chinese pregnant women, offering valuable insights for dietary guidance during pregnancy.
METHODS: 289 pregnant women were enrolled in this cohort. Serum inflammatory factors and ultrasonic BMD were measured at the first, second, and the third trimesters. DII scores were calculated based on a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and divided into tertiles. We compared the differences in inflammatory factors in serum across the tertiles of DII and changes in BMD at the second and third trimesters across the tertiles.
RESULTS: The participants with higher DII scores had higher total energy intakes than those with lower DII scores. The serum level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was significantly different across the tertiles of the DII. Women who had lower DII scores had higher T-scores and Z-scores in the BMD assessment. In the test of trends, after adjusting potential covariates, including educational level, physical activity, body mass index, and calcium, vitamin D, or multivitamin supplements, DII values were determined to be positively related to the maternal BMD lost.
CONCLUSIONS: DII was positively associated with serum IL-6. Meanwhile, higher DII scores were associated with more bone mass loss in pregnant women. We recommend adhering to a lower-DII diet to preserve BMD during pregnancy.
INTRODUCTION: There are great differences in ST-segment depression during PSVT episodes. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical significance of ST segment depression during PSVT.
METHODS: The study enrolled 333 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with PSVT by electrophysiological test from Jan 1, 2021 to July 31, 2022. The range, magnitude and morphology of ST-segment depression were described. The correlation between ST-segment depression and symptoms of chest tightness, chest pain or hypotension, the correlation between ST-segment depression and coronary stenosis, and the possible influencing factors were analyzed. In addition, the diagnostic efficacy of ST-segment depression for AVRT was determined.
RESULTS: ST-segment depression was present in 85% of patients, in 70% of which the depression range was more than six leads. The magnitude of the depression was more significant in precordial leads (P < 0.001). ST-segment depression of >1 mm in limb leads and precordial leads was found in 36.0% and 49.8% of the patients, respectively, while >3 mm was found in 2.4% and 9.6%, respectively. The morphology of ST-segment depression in limb leads was different from that in precordial leads (P < 0.001). Downsloping ST-segment depression was more common in limb leads (limb vs. precordial: 40.5% vs. 12.6%), whereas upsloping depression was more common in precordial leads (limb vs. precordial: 3.0% vs. 23.1%). Correlation analysis showed that ST-segment depression was not correlated with symptoms of chest tightness and pain, nor was it correlated with coronary artery stenosis. The most important influencing factor is the type of PSVT, especially affecting the morphology of depression in limb leads (OR = 10.27 [5.93-17.79], P < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of downsloping ST-segment depression in limb leads for diagnosis of AVRT were 75.5% and 76.7%.
CONCLUSION: ST-segment depression is a common ECG change during PSVT episodes, and it's not associated with severe coronary stenosis. The type of PSVT has a significant effect on the manifestation of ST-segment depression. The downslope morphology of ST-segment depression in limb leads is helpful in differentiating AVRT from AVNRT.
An electronic health care compliance assistance system includes a user device and a host station used by a health care provider. The user device generates voice messages to remind a user when and how to take or refill prescribed medications, to attend to other health matters, and to keep doctors' appointments. Compressed digital speech is used to generate clear and natural sounding voice messages. A health care provider uses the host station to compose messages and to store a database of speech messages and related data. Data are transferred from the host station to the user device to generate a regimen that is customized for the user. A queuing system is provided for messages relating to medications having common dosing times. A parameter is defined to permit adaptive rescheduling of messages when a user does not respond. The user device provides adaptive and interactive audible and visual prompts to alert the user when one or more messages are ready to be played. A satellite device may be used to generate such prompts to alert the user to consult the user device for the message. User operated keys are provided to play a message, to repeat the message, to confirm that the desired action has been attended to, or to play a counseling message. The user device stores data on each user action and inaction, for transfer to the host station which compiles the data in a report for health care providers.