anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
A 24-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets, taken once daily with the evening meal, was conducted in patients with type 2 diabetes who had failed to achieve glycemic control with diet and exercise (HbAlc 7.0-10.0%, FPG 126-270 mg/dL). Patients entering the study had a mean baseline HbAlc of 8.0% and a mean baseline FPG of 176 mg/dL. After 12 weeks treatment, mean HbA1c had increased from baseline by 0.1% and mean FPG decreased from baseline by 2 mg/dL in the placebo group, compared with a decrease in mean HbA1c of 0.6% and a decrease in mean FPG of 23 mg/dL in patients treated with metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets 1000 mg once daily. Subsequently, the treatment dose was increased to 1500 mg once daily if HbA1c was ≥7.0% but <8.0% (patients with HbA1c ≥8.0% were discontinued from the study). At the final visit (24-week), mean HbA1c had increased 0.2% from baseline in placebo patients and decreased 0.6% with metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets. 

A 16-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-response study of metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets, taken once daily with the evening meal or twice daily with meals, was conducted in patients with type 2 diabetes who had failed to achieve glycemic control with diet and exercise (HbA1c 7.0-11.0%, FPG 126-280 mg/dL). Changes in glycemic control and body weight are shown in Table 6.

Compared with placebo, improvement in glycemic control was seen at all dose levels of metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets and treatment was not associated with any significant change in weight (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION for dosing recommendations for metformin hydrochloride tablets and metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets). 

A 24-week, double-blind, randomized study of metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets, taken once daily with the evening meal, and metformin hydrochloride tablets, taken twice daily (with breakfast and evening meal), was conducted in patients with type 2 diabetes who had been treated with metformin hydrochloride tablets 500 mg twice daily for at least 8 weeks prior to study entry. The metformin hydrochloride tablets dose had not necessarily been titrated to achieve a specific level of glycemic control prior to study entry. Patients qualified for the study if HbAlc was £8.5% and FPG was £200 mg/dL. Changes in glycemic control and body weight are shown in Table 7.

After 12 weeks of treatment, there was an increase in mean HbA1c in all groups; in the metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets 1000 mg group, the increase from baseline of 0.23% was statistically significant (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).

Changes in lipid parameters in the previously described placebo-controlled dose-response study of metformin hydrochloride extended-release tablets are shown in Table 8.

Changes in lipid parameters in the previously described study of metformin are shown in Table 9.
PURPOSE:To provide an antitumor agent having higher activity than higher fatty acids such as palmitic acid, oleic acid, etc., by using palmitoleic acid or its non- toxic salt as an active component. CONSTITUTION:An antitumor agent is obtained by using palmitoleic acid or its non-toxic salt (e.g. alkali metal salt, ammonium salt, etc.) as an active component. Palmitoleic acid has higher antitumor activity than saturated higher fatty acids (e.g. palmitic acid, stearic acid, etc.) and unsaturated higher fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic acid, etc.). The agent can be administered in the form of tablet, liquid, injection, etc. Dose: preferably 10-100mg of palmitoleic acid per kg daily.
Participants will watch a video about how to prevent STIs and HIV, then do question and answer session. This group will be last 1 hour. It will be led by one African American health educator, and have about 4-8 other young women participants. Participants will be asked to rate the workshop anonymously.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term outcomes of polydimethylsiloxane (Macroplastique (MPQ)) in women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) secondary to intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) using validated questionnaires.
METHODS: Following IRB approval, charts of non-neurogenic women with SUI secondary to ISD who underwent MPQ injection were reviewed from a prospectively maintained database. ISD was defined as positive stress test with a well-supported urethra and low Valsalva leak point pressure when available. Excluded were women with follow-up <5years. Baseline data included validated questionnaire scores (UDI-6 question 3 (0-3), VAS Quality of Life, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7)) and urodynamic study findings. Patients were followed with same questionnaires and three-dimensional ultrasound evaluating volume/configuration of MPQ. All three-dimensional ultrasound measurements were performed by the same imaging team blinded to clinical outcomes. Outcomes were evaluated in four groups based on prior SUI treatment. Success was defined as UDI-6 question 3 score of 0-1 and not requiring additional anti-incontinence therapy at the last visit after the last MPQ injection.
RESULTS: From April 2011-December 2016, 106 patients (median age 67) met study criteria. Median follow-up time was 7.4years. Median MPQ injected was 5 mL. Overall success was 43%, with 54% successful after one injection and 46% requiring ≥2 injections. Across all groups, patients had improvement in Quality of Life and IIQ-7 Question 7 (frustration). Among the failure group, 17% opted for a secondary autologous sling procedure.
CONCLUSION: MPQ demonstrated long-term favorable outcomes in a subset of women with SUI secondary to ISD.
Wearable technology has tremendous advantages over current methods of assessing RTB activity in the post-discharge pediatric population after AT, which rely on quality of life (QOL) scales, caregiver and patient reports, as well as nurse phone calls and office visits. These methods are biased, time and labor intensive, disease focused, and caregiver dependent. The investigators propose to use wearable technology in order to assess RTB activity. The device has validated methodology in sleep metrics (as compared to polysomnography), heart rate and activity monitoring (optical sensor and 3 plane accelerometry), and temperature measuring (galvanic skin resistance). So far, no investigators have utilized wearable technology and biomarker (heart rate, skin temperature, activity, sleep) data in the manner proposed. RTB is a difficult to measure entity in children and the investigators have defined it using step count as a marker of activity. There are no studies or "standard" to measure quality of recovery in children.
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by increased keratinocyte proliferation and local inflammation. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important regulatory roles in many immune-mediated diseases, including psoriasis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of lnc-SPRR2G-2 (SPRR2G) in M5-treated psoriatic keratinocytes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed that lnc-SPRR2G-2 was significantly upregulated in psoriasis tissues and psoriatic keratinocytes. In psoriatic keratinocytes, functional and molecular experiment analyses demonstrated that SPRR2G regulated proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis, and induced the expression of S100 calcium binding protein A7 (S100A7), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8 and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10). The function of SPRR2G in psoriasis is related to the STAT3 signaling pathway and can be inhibited by a STAT3 inhibitor. Moreover, KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KHSRP) was proved to be regulated by lnc-SPRR2G-2 and to control the mRNA decay of psoriasis-related cytokines (p < 0.05). In summary, we reported the functions of lnc-SPRR2G-2 and KHSRP in psoriasis. Our findings provide new insights for the further exploration of the pathogenesis and treatment of psoriasis.
Thrombin, a coagulation-inducing protease, has long been used in the hemostatic field. During the past decades, many other therapeutic uses of thrombin have been developed. For instance, burn treatment, pseudoaneurysm therapy, wound management, and tumor vascular infarction (or tumor vasculature blockade therapy) can all utilize the unique and powerful function of thrombin. Based on their therapeutic effects, many thrombin-associated products have been certificated by the Food and Drug Administration, including bovine thrombin, human thrombin, recombinant thrombin, fibrin glue, etc. Besides, several thrombin-based drugs are currently undergoing clinical trials. In this article, the therapeutic uses of thrombin (from the initial hemostasis to the latest cancer therapy), the commercially available drugs associated with thrombin, and the pros and cons of thrombin-based therapeutics (e.g., adverse immune responses related to bovine thrombin, thromboinflammation, and vasculogenic "rebounds") are summarized. Further, the current challenges and possible future research directions of thrombin-incorporated biomaterials and therapies are discussed. It is hoped that this review may provide a valuable reference for researchers in this field and help them to design safer and more effective thrombin-based drugs for fighting against various intractable diseases.
The invention relates to an agent for influencing angiogenesis, i.e. the new formation of blood vessels. The application areas for this agent are the medical field and the pharmaceutical industry. The aim of the invention is to discover new agents for influencing angiogenesis and to provide corresponding substances that can be used in the medical field to produce said agents. The inventive agent is characterised in that it influences angiogenesis, i.e. promotes or inhibits the latter. The promotion of angiogenesis is achieved, for example, by increasing the synthesis of the B1 receptor (transcription-mediated amplification, e.g. by cytokines), or by increasing its activity (agonistic substances). The inhibition of angiogenesis is achieved, for example, by antagonists of the kinin B1 receptor, such as des-Arg9-Leu8-bradykinin (DALBK) or non-peptide substances and by inhibiting the synthesis of the protein, e.g. using glucucorticoids.
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of pre-leukemic hematopoietic disorders characterized by cytopenia in peripheral blood due to ineffective hematopoiesis and normo- or hypercellularity and morphologic dysplasia in bone marrow (BM). An inflammatory BM microenvironment and programmed cell death of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) are thought to be the major causes of ineffective hematopoiesis in MDS. Pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis (collectively, PANoptosis) are observed in BM tissues of MDS patients, suggesting an important role of PANoptosis in MDS pathogenesis. Caspase 8 (Casp8) is a master regulator of PANoptosis, which is downregulated in HSPCs from most MDS patients and abnormally spliced in HSPCs from MDS patients with SRSF2 mutation. To study the role of PANoptosis in hematopoiesis, we generated inducible Casp8 knockout mice (Casp8-/-). Mx1-Cre-Casp8-/- mice died of BM failure within 10 days of polyI:C injections due to depletion of HSPCs. Rosa-ERT2Cre-Casp8-/- mice are healthy without significant changes in BM hematopoiesis within the first 1.5 months after Casp8 deletion. Such mice developed BM failure upon infection or low dose polyI:C/LPS injections due to the hypersensitivity of Casp8-/- HSPCs to infection or inflammation-induced necroptosis which can be prevented by Ripk3 deletion. However, impaired self-renewal capacity of Casp8-/- HSPCs cannot be rescued by Ripk3 deletion due to activation of Ripk1-Tbk1 signaling. Most importantly, mice transplanted with Casp8-/- BM cells developed MDS-like disease within 4 months of transplantation as demonstrated by anemia, thrombocytopenia and myelodysplasia. Our study suggests an essential role for a balance in Casp8, Ripk3-Mlkl and Ripk1-Tbk1 activities in the regulation of survival and self-renewal of HSPCs, the disruption of which induces inflammation and BM failure, resulting in MDS-like disease.
Successful surgical treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy traditionally relies on the identification of seizure onset zones (SOZs). Connectome-based analyses of electrographic data from stereo electroencephalography (SEEG) may empower improved detection of SOZs. Specifically, connectome-based analyses based on the interictal suppression hypothesis posit that when the patient is not having a seizure, SOZs are inhibited by non-SOZs through high inward connectivity and low outward connectivity. However, it is not clear whether there are other motifs that can better identify potential SOZs. Thus, we sought to use unsupervised machine learning to identify network motifs that elucidate SOZs and investigate if there is another motif that outperforms the ISH. Resting-state SEEG data from 81 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy undergoing a pre-surgical evaluation at Vanderbilt University Medical Center were collected. Directed connectivity matrices were computed using the alpha band (8-13 Hz). Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on each patient's connectivity matrix. Each patient's components were analysed qualitatively to identify common patterns across patients. A quantitative definition was then used to identify the component that most closely matched the observed pattern in each patient. A motif characteristic of the interictal suppression hypothesis (high-inward and low-outward connectivity) was present in all individuals and found to be the most robust motif for identification of SOZs in 64/81 (79%) patients. This principal component demonstrated significant differences in SOZs compared to non-SOZs. While other motifs for identifying SOZs were present in other patients, they differed for each patient, suggesting that seizure networks are patient specific, but the ISH is present in nearly all networks. We discovered that a potentially suppressive motif based on the interictal suppression hypothesis was present in all patients, and it was the most robust motif for SOZs in 79% of patients. Each patient had additional motifs that further characterized SOZs, but these motifs were not common across all patients. This work has the potential to augment clinical identification of SOZs to improve epilepsy treatment.
AIMS: Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 (LPCAT3) is known to play a pivotal role in lipid metabolism, but its role in the early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains unclear. This study provides insights into LPCAT3 expression alterations and functional implications in EBI following SAH.
METHODS: SAH models of adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were established by intravascular perforation. Lentivirus vectors were administered by intracerebroventricular injection (i.c.v.) to either induce LPCAT3 overexpression or knockdown 14 days before SAH induction. Western blot, immunofluorescence, Nissl staining, MDA detection, ROS detection, iron content detection, and short-term and long-term neurobehavioral tests were performed to investigate the effects of regulated-LPCAT3 after SAH.
RESULTS: LPCAT3 levels were found to be significantly elevated in SAH. Suppression of LPCAT3 expression via shRNA improved oxidative stress, reduced brain edema, alleviated behavioral and cognitive deficits following SAH and decreased neuronal death, while upregulating LPCAT3 expression showed opposing effects.
CONCLUSION: LPCAT3 is involved in SAH-induced EBI and associated with ferroptosis. Our findings provide a referential basis for potential therapeutic interventions aimed at alleviating EBI following SAH.
To detect the level ofCovid-19 Ig G antibodies titer in the blood, Quantitative Ig G titer should be measured. To detect the response of the immune system to the vaccine.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a bactericidal composition having a broad antimicrobial spectrum, extremely strong in microbicidal and sterilize activity, capable of exhibiting activity in a short time and effective against a bacterium, a bacterial blastocyte, etc. by compounding a specific compound as an active component. SOLUTION: This composition contains a benzalkonium iodide of formula I (R is a 1-14C alkyl) as an active component. In the composition, a compound of formula I can be used by itself or as a mixture with other microbicidal agent, and it is preferably used in a range of 0.01-1.00wt.%. Further, the composition can be safely used for a food. A compound of formula I, e.g. N,N-dimethyl- N-dodecylbenzylammonium iodide of formula II is obtained by adding N,N- dimethylbenzylamine and anhydrous benzene dropwise to a warmed solution of 1-iododecane and anhydrous benzene to react them. The microbicidal composition has antimicrobial activity against various bacteria, etc. including a gram-positive bacterium and a gram-negative bacterium. Further, the composition is useful not only as a disinfectant and a bactericidal agent but also as a sterilant.
1,142,191. Preparations from decayed fruit of rosaceae. E. M. COBB. 28 Feb., 1966 [27 Nov., 1964], No. 48272/64. Heading A5B. Medicinal substances are produced by allowing edible fruits from plants of the family Rosaceae to undergo fungal decay by means of those micro-organisms which cause the fruit to decay under natural conditions, expressing the juice from the decayed fruit, and clarifying it. The resulting liquid may be admixed with carriers, diluents, and other pharmaceutical excipients, and may be employed in pharmaceutical forms suitable for oral, topical or parenteral administration. The fruit employed is preferably the apple, or may be pear, cherry, plum, quince, peach, nectarine, almond or apricot fruit. The preparation is said to have anti-cancer and antimicrobial activity.
This proposal will investigate how midlife factors in diet and lifestyle affect various aspects of cardiac structure and function related to ageing. The investigators plan to conduct the study among a sub-cohort of 600 participants from the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Comprehensive information on diet and lifestyle factors had been collected at recruitment and updated in two subsequent follow-up interviews. Candidate nutrition-related blood biomarkers such as vitamins D, homocysteine, fatty acids (short, medium and long-chain) and lipids (LDL, HDL, triglycerides) will be analyzed from samples obtained between 1999 and 2004. The investigators will study effects of smoking, alcohol consumption, sleep duration, physical activity and diet on cardiac ageing. The investigators will study overall dietary pattern, intake of specific items such as fatty acids, soy food, coffee and tea beverages, from validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQ), and nutrients from questionnaire information from this cohort previously obtained.

These nutrient and lifestyle factors will be studied individually, and for their joint or interactive effects on cardiac ageing measurements. Quantitative cardiac ageing-related outcome parameters describing cardiac mass, systolic and diastolic function, and vessel distensibility will be examined by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) will be calculated based on age, gender, waist circumference, resting heart rate, and exercise habits. Body composition will be analysed by a body composition analyser machine onto which subjects stand on.
Laparoscopic intraperitoneal onlay mesh repair is favoured for diaphragmatic hernias due to better outcomes. However, fixation devices pose risks, including cardiac tamponade. A man underwent laparoscopic repair for a large diaphragmatic hernia. One week later, he presented with chest discomfort which was initially attributed to postoperative pain. Subsequently, patient represented with worsening of chest pain and tachycardia. CT requested to rule out pulmonary embolism revealed a large pericardial effusion. Urgent drainage via apical approach resolved tamponade. The case highlights the challenges in managing pericardial effusions post-laparoscopy in the presence of diaphragmatic mesh and stresses multidisciplinary collaboration. Literature review highlights risks associated with fixation devices. Suggestions include limiting their use near vital structures. Key learning point of this case report is to raise awareness of cardiac tamponade following diaphragmatic hernia repair. Limited evidence necessitates cautious use of fixation devices, emphasising patient safety.
Same intervention with a 2 month delay: The Delayed Intervention Group (control group) will receive the same monthly e-newsletter in Months 1-2. The full intervention will be initiated in Month 3 with a brief education session, use of Fitbit Flex, and counseling by a physiotherapist. In Month 4, they will continue the intervention without the PT phone calls. Participants will keep the Fitbit for Month 5-6, and have email access to PT as needed.
PURPOSE: To provide a drug containing a specified phenylpyrolidine compd. as an effective component which is effective in curing neurodegenerative diseases, especially diseases which includes cholinergic deficiency such as Alzheimer-type senile dementia and Parkinson's disease. CONSTITUTION: This drug contains a compd. expressed by the formula as an effective component. In the formula, R<1> is an alkyl group, X is halogen or alkoxy group, (n) and (p) are each 0 to 5, R is H or alkyl group. As for the compd. of the formula, for example, 1-(p-chlorophenyl) methylpyrolidine, 1- methyl-2-phenylpyrolidine, 1-phenylpropyl pyrolidine can be used. The compd. is preferably dosed by 25 to 50 μl per 1 kg of the body weight of a patient and 0.1 to 2.5 mg in one hour for one patient.
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension may result in debilitating postural headaches and severe neurological symptoms due to secondary cerebellar sagging. The most common cause is the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak within the spinal canal. Although previously reported in only a few cases, also paraspinal lymphatic malformations causing vertebral bone destruction may occasionally result in CSF leak to these pathological formations. Here, we present a case of a 9-year-old girl with generalized lymphatic anomaly (GLA) presenting with severe postural headache. Radiological imaging revealed a typical feature of cerebellar sagging. Myelography localized the CSF leakage into vertebral bodies of C7 and Th1, which both were partly involved in pathological paravertebral masses of known lymphatic anomaly, and from there along the right C8 nerve root sleeve into the anomaly. As the C8-nerve root could not be ligated due to the risk of significant neurological injury, we attempted image-guided targeted percutaneous epidural placement of a blood patch directly into the foramen at the affected level. The procedure resulted in obliteration of the fistula and regression of cerebellar sagging, with significant relief of symptoms. Although it is an extremely rare coincidence, patients with paraspinal lymphatic malformations may develop intraspinal CSF leak into these pathological formations. The present case report suggests that besides a direct surgical obliteration of the fistula and sacrificing the nerve root, a targeted percutaneous epidural blood patch may be a possible alternative in the case of a functionally important nerve root.
Natural TRPV1 agonist at a concentration of 10mcM. Posology: 10 mL every 8h for 6 month.
The sham group will be connected to the anodal transcranial direct current stimulation device daily for 5 days. During the 20 minute sessions, the participant will only receive stimulation for a 30-second ramp up period, at which point the stimulation will be discontinued for the remainder of the time.