anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects as many as 1 out of 59 individuals, with many higher-functioning youth not diagnosed until school-age or later. This equates to \~102,000 children under the age of 14 years in the state of Texas alone. Significant impairment in social and adaptive functioning are common, as are comorbid behavioral health disorders, with anxiety disorders affecting between 50-80% of youth with ASD. Given the relative frequency of anxiety disorders among children with ASD, the associated impairment, and worsening trajectory over time without intervention, there is a great need for treatment that specifically addresses anxiety-related symptoms in ASD. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has been established as a first-line treatment for anxiety disorders among youth with and without ASD. A particular form of CBT, Behavioral Intervention for Anxiety in Children with ASD (BIACA), has demonstrated efficacy in a number of studies. However, treatment is delivered by therapists as "full-packages" (i.e., 12-16 clinic sessions), which can be therapist-intensive, costly, impractical for families, and not responsive to parental preferences. Alternatives approaches, such as parent-led, stepped-care models that improve accessibility, are efficient, provide personalized care, and lower mental health treatment cost, are greatly needed. Stepped-care models provide a lower-intensity first step (e.g., parent-led, less costly, and more convenient for parents) as the initial treatment with the assumption that a proportion of individuals will respond to the first step and others will need to step up to more intensive treatment. Matching treatment to families' needs and tailoring subsequent treatment may be an efficient and effective approach, as well as consistent with parents' desire to help their child. Given this, together with the substantial impairment associated with clinical anxiety in individuals with ASD across the age span, this study implements a parent-led, flexible, individually-tailored cognitive-behavioral intervention for children with ASD and anxiety.
Salivary stones are hardened, stony calcifications that primarily develop in the drainage duct of a salivary gland. They can lead to obstruction of the saliva flow, resulting in swelling and pain. Since the aetiology of salivary stones remains largely unclear, this was further investigated in this PhD study. A case-control review of patient records showed that systemic diseases and lifestyle factors most likely do not play a role in their occurrence. The biochemical composition of salivary stones removed by oral-maxillofacial surgeons was examined, revealing that large salivary stones have a different inorganic composition than small salivary stones. Several salivary proteins were detected in submandibular salivary stones, including lysozyme, s-IgA, and -amylase. Clumping together of these proteins may play a role in the initial formation of salivary stones.
The current standard for biopsy-based diagnoses of rejection of heart transplants is the ISHLT classification from 2004, which represents a widely-used international consensus, based on morphological criteria of the cellular infiltrate within the myocardial specimen system with certainties and some arbitrary and blurred parameters. Recent data-driven approaches using molecular and conventional technologies indicate that this system produces incorrect diagnoses with potential harm to patients due to inappropriate treatment. To address this unmet need and improve diagnostics in the area of organ transplantation, the Alberta Transplant Applied Genomics Centre (ATAGC, University of Alberta) has developed a new diagnostic system - the Molecular Microscope® Diagnostic System (MMDx) that interprets biopsies in terms of their molecular phenotype, and combines the molecular and histopathological features of transplant biopsies, plus clinical and laboratory parameters, to create the first Integrated Diagnostic System. The MMDx developed first in kidney transplant biopsies because phenotypes are well established, will now be adapted to heart transplant endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs). The present study will develop a Reference Set of EMB, adapt the MMDx system to assess and report EMBs; and validate and refine this system in 900 unselected prospectively collected for clinical indications and a standard of care EMBs from North American and European Centers. In addition to demonstrating the real-time feasibility and potential value of this System in patient care, the study will develop and optimize a transparent and user-friendly reporting format to communicate this information to clinicians and obtain detailed feedback to improve its utility. We refine now our MMDx system using a new type of analysis (see primary outcome) and the resulting MMDx report. Currently, INTERHEART recruited 1912 biopsies from 1279 patients.
Extensive evidence exists that neurodegeneration begins many years before HD can be diagnosed clinically. Therefore, it is most desirable to begin a neuroprotective therapy before or during this premanifest period with the aim of delaying onset, as well as slowing functional decline. Cellular energy depletion is present early in HD and can be ameliorated by creatine, which helps regenerate cellular ATP. Preclinical evidence for creatine's potential neuroprotective effects in animal models of HD has been well-documented. Before the clinical efficacy of creatine can be tested in premanifest HD, its long-term safety and tolerability must be assessed in these individuals and its ability to favorably modify biomarkers of HD should also be confirmed. This extension trial will continue to follow eligible individuals who completed the Pre-CREST-X extension study on open-label creatine (up to 30 grams daily) for long term safety and tolerability for an additional 24 months. Other biological and imaging biomarkers of disease progression and potential response to treatment will also be assessed.
The study consists of a 28-day screening period, a blinded treatment period of 28 weeks where randomized patients received treatment with investigational drug (ianalumab or iscalimab) or placebo. At the end of Week 29 visit, the patients enter the open label treatment phase where patients in active treatment group continued to receive active treatment and patients in placebo group started active treatment with ianalumab/iscalimab until Week 49. After completion of the open-label treatment period, all patients enter a Follow-Up period in order to monitor safety and efficacy up to Week 69. The Week 69 visit is the End of Study (EoS) visit for patients in Cohort 2 (CFZ533). Study duration for patients in Cohort 2 will be approximately 18 months. For Cohort 1 (VAY736). Patients who do not achieve B-cell recovery by Week 69 Visit will enter into a Secondary Follow-Up period until achieving B cell recovery criteria (B-cell count is at \>= 50 cells/µl or at least 80% of baseline levels). Safety follow-up visits will be scheduled as deemed appropriate until the patient achieves the B cell recovery criteria, followed by an EoS 4 weeks later.
Patients receive doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide as in regimen 1. Patients then receive paclitaxel IV over 1 hour once weekly for 12 weeks.
A method for operating an X-ray facility for recording a three-dimensional (3D) image data set of a target area of a patient is provided. A recording arrangement including an X-ray detector and an X-ray source may be rotated about an axis of rotation for recording two-dimensional projection images based on the image data set. A model instance of a parameterizable patient model that is patient-specific and 3D is determined. Target area information describing the target area is determined in the model instance from default information. At least two at least partially different partial recording areas of the target area are determined from the target area information. The partial recording areas cover the target area along the axis of rotation. One projection image set is recorded for each of the partial recording areas, and the image data set is reconstructed from the projection image sets.
The invention relates to a patch for curing heat stroke. The patch is made up of the following ingredients of proportioning by weight: 5-10 shares of agastache leaves, 3-10 shares of common origanum leaves, 3-10 shares of peppermint leaves. The raw materials are mixed equably then are crushed in proportion, and the grain diameter of each ingredient ranges from 100Mum to 200Mum. The CO2 supercritical extraction is adopted, the needed fraction is gained by the fractionation of a fractionating tower, the ingredient in the medicinal formula is made to the nanometre midicine liquid in the proportion of the medicinal formula when the ingredients are gone through the nanometre dispersion equipment, the due transdermal absorption accelerant and the pressure-sensitive adhesive are added, and the midicine liquid is coated when the midicine liquid enters the screw cryodrying coating machine, the cutting and the quality testing of midicine liquid is carried out, and the midicine liquid is packed and stored. The medicinal materials are extracted and processed with a scientific method, the medicinal materials are filled in the framework of a stroma. The good intermiscibility of the patch stroma and the skin is favorable for the passing of the drug molecules, the invention has the advantages that the releasing of the drug is slow, the drug supply is steady, the acrimony is little, and the invention has no toxicity. The toxicity to the body brought by the oral medication and the injection is solved, and the toxicity of the drug which is taken by mouth is avioded.
PURPOSE: A method for manufacturing transferring-PEG-TRAIL complex is provided to ensure same or similar pharmacological activity and to enhance stability of drug. CONSTITUTION: A transferrin-PEG-TRAIL complex is obtained by binding N-terminal-specific transferring-PEG. The transferring is an AP-transferrin. The trail is a human TRAIL having 281 amino acid sequences. The TRAIL has an isoleucine zipper at the N-terminal. A method for preparing the complex comprises: a step of reacting transferring and PEG or transferring or PEG derivative under the presence of a reductant to shythesize transferring-PEG-aldehyde or transferrrin-PEG derivative-aldehyde complex; and a step of reducing the complex under the presence of reductant.
BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) with depression causes severe cognitive impairments. The devastating conditions will further compromise the overall quality of life. The overconsumption of high-fat and high-sucrose (HFS) diet is one of the modifiable risk factors for T2D, depression, and cognitive impairments. Thus, it is essential to identify effective therapeutic strategies to overcome the cognitive impairments in T2D with depression. We proposed environmental enrichment (EE) which encompasses social, cognitive, and physical components as the alternative treatment for such impairments. We also investigated the potential neuroprotective properties of the antidiabetic drug metformin. This study aimed to investigate the effects of EE and metformin interventions on hippocampal neuronal death, and hippocampal-dependent memory impairment in T2D rats under stress.
METHODS: Thirty-two male rats (200-250 g) were divided into four groups: C group (standard diet + conventional cage), DS group [HFS-induced T2D + restraint stress (RS)], DSE group [HFS-induced T2D + RS + EE] and DSEM group [HFS + RS + EE + metformin]. Serum corticosterone (CORT) was measured to evaluate stress levels. The serum Free Oxygen Radicals Testing (FORT) and Free Oxygen Radicals Defence Test (FORD) were measured to evaluate the systemic oxidative status (OS). Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and T-maze tasks were performed to evaluate cognitive functions. Rats were humanely sacrificed to collect brains for histological, morphometric, and hippocampal gene expression studies.
RESULTS: The CORT and the serum FORT levels in the DSE and DSEM groups were lower than in the DS group. Meanwhile, the serum BDNF, T-maze scores, histological, and morphometric analysis were improved in the DSE and DSEM groups than in the DS group. These findings supported that EE and the combined interventions of EE and metformin had neuroprotective properties. The hippocampal gene expression analysis revealed that the DSE and DSEM groups showed improved regulation of BDNF-TrkB signalling pathways, including the BDNF/TrkB binding, PI3K - Akt pathway, Ras-MAPK pathway, PLCγ-Ca2+ pathway, and CREB transcription.
CONCLUSION: EE and the combined interventions of EE and metformin improved hippocampal neuron survival and hippocampal-dependent memory in T2D rats under stress by enhancing gene expression regulation of neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity.
Piperine is a natural alkaloid that possesses a variety of therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticarcinogenic activities. The present study aims to assess the medicinal benefits of piperine as an anti-diarrheal agent in a chick model by utilizing in vivo and in silico techniques. For this, castor oil was administered orally to 2-day-old chicks to cause diarrhea. Bismuth subsalicylate (10 mg/kg), loperamide (3 mg/kg), and nifedipine (2.5 mg/kg) were used as positive controls, while the vehicle was utilized as a negative control. Two different doses (25 and 50 mg/kg b.w.) of the test sample (piperine) were administered orally, and the highest dose was tested with standards to investigate the synergistic activity of the test sample. In our findings, piperine prolonged the latent period while reducing the number of diarrheal feces in the experimental chicks during the monitoring period (4 h). At higher doses, piperine appears to reduce diarrheal secretion while increasing latency in chicks. Throughout the combined pharmacotherapy, piperine outperformed bismuth subsalicylate and nifedipine in terms of anti-diarrheal effects with loperamide. In molecular docking, piperine exhibited higher binding affinities towards different inflammatory enzymes such as cyclooxygenase 1 (-7.9 kcal/mol), cyclooxygenase 2 (-8.4 kcal/mol), nitric oxide synthases (-8.9 kcal/mol), and L-type calcium channel (-8.8 kcal/mol), indicating better interaction of PP with these proteins. In conclusion, piperine showed a potent anti-diarrheal effect in castor oil-induced diarrheal chicks by suppressing the inflammation and calcium ion influx induced by castor oil.
Aims/Background Patients receiving treatment in specialized cancer hospitals are particularly susceptible to multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) infections due to factors such as weakened immune systems caused by intensive treatments and prolonged hospital stays. This study aims to investigate the risk factors for MDRO infections in the cancer specialty hospital setting and to develop a corresponding risk prediction model. Methods Patients diagnosed with MDRO infections were selected for the MDRO infection group (n = 238), and those without for the non-MDRO infection group (n = 238). Non-parametric tests, chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify the primary risk factors for MDRO infections. With the aid of analysis utilizing R software 4.4.1 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria), we developed a nomogram prediction model, which was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results Age, antibiotic application time, and central venous catheterization were independent risk factors for MDRO infection (p < 0.05). The constructed nomogram prediction model for patients with MDRO infection has a C-index of 0.8640. The ROC curve results showed that the prediction model has a specificity of 0.7700, a sensitivity of 0.8800, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.8800. Conclusion This study identifies significant risk factors for MDRO infections in a cancer specialty hospital setting and offers a clinically useful prediction model, which may aid in targeted preventive measures and optimization of antibiotics usage, thereby potentially reducing the incidence and impact of these infections.
Participants will be recruited from those who have had advanced bladder cancer (grade pT1 and above) and undergone either IC or NB procedures within the last five years. No form of payment will be offered for participation, but participants will be reimbursed for travel expenses. There will be no other inclusion or exclusion criteria in order to access a wide range of patients with potentially different values and lifestyles, and to aid in the recruitment of adequate sample sizes.
Methods: Patients diagnosed with complex oral or facial pain at the UMPhysicians Complex Facial Pain Clinic who meet inclusion and exclusion criteria will be offered participation in the study. They will undergo baseline evaluation for depression with the HAM-D and MADRAS scales and for quality of life with the WHOQOL-BREF scale. Pain will be assessed using a 10 point visual analogue scale. Resting and pcasl MRI will be done within 24 hours before the first treatment. Treatment will consist of five daily sessions of motor cortex stimulation contralateral to the pain. Visual analogue pain scores will be obtained just before each treatment. Rating scales, resting and pcasl MRI will be repeated within 24 hours and at 2 weeks after the last treatment. Analysis: FMRI activation patterns will be examined by the investigators and correlated with treatment outcomes with the goal of identifying fMRI characteristics that can select patients suitable for further study.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The pathophysiological mechanism of thromboinflammation involves the intricate interplay between the inflammatory responses and coagulation cascades. Rhubarb is frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat thromboinflammatory diseases. The scorched rhubarb (prepared by stir-baking the dried raw rhubarb till it partly turns to charcoal) is believed to possess enhanced blood-cooling and stasis-removing functions compared to the raw rhubarb, thereby augmenting the therapeutic effects on thromboinflammation.
AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to explore the chemical and pharmacological foundations of the scorch processing of rhubarb in order to ensure and enhance the efficacy and safety of the scorched rhubarb for treating thromboinflammatory diseases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The dried raw rhubarb pieces were subjected to stir-baking at 180 °C for 10∼80 min to obtain the rhubarbs with varying degrees of scorching. Typical ingredients present in rhubarb pieces and extracts were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The therapeutic effects of the raw and scorched rhubarb on thromboinflammation were evaluated using a rat model. Proteomics analysis was employed to screen potential biological pathways associated with thromboinflammation treatment by the raw and scorched rhubarb, which were further verified using a cell model.
RESULTS: Morphological properties indicated that the rhubarb baked at 180 °C for 50 min in this research showed the optimal degree of scorching. Compared to the raw rhubarb, the properly scorched rhubarb exhibited lower levels of anthraquinone glucosides, higher levels of anthraquinone aglycones, superior anti-thromboinflammatory effects, and no purgative side effects. Proteomics analysis revealed that the complement and coagulation cascades pathway played a significant role in mediating the therapeutic effects of the raw and scorched rhubarb on thromboinflammation. Furthermore, it was found that anthraquinone aglycones were more effective than their glucoside counterparts in restoring the impaired vascular endothelial cells as well as regulating the complement and coagulation cascades pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: Proper scorch processing may augment the therapeutic effects of rhubarb on thromboinflammation via relieving inflammation and oxidative stress, repairing vascular endothelial cells, restoring coagulation cascades and blood rheology, and regulating some other biological processes. This may be partly caused by the scorch-induced thermolysis of anthraquinone glucosides into their aglycone counterparts that seemed to perform better in regulating the complement and coagulation cascades pathway.
Patients undergo a home-based, computerized, interactive training program comprising 3-5 sessions of 15-45 minutes every week for 5-9 weeks. The program contains twelve visually engaging and interesting exercises that target skills involving visual-spatial and verbal WM. The program is adaptive in a way that each difficulty task is automatically adjusted on a trial-by-trail basis to match a patient's current WM. Each patient has an interventional coach who has online access to patient's training sessions and outcomes (pass or fail). Coaches are able to modify the training sequence or make suggestions to patients and/or parents about how progress can be maximized. Coaches also have telephone meetings with patients and/or families once a week to ensure compliance, track progress, provide feedback, and answer questions that arise during training.
OBJECTIVE: To study the accuracy and usability of a novel obstetric blood loss quantifying tool in clinical settings.
METHODS: A mixed-methods study was conducted in an Irish tertiary maternity unit. The accuracy of measuring the blood content (hemoglobin concentration) of elective Caesarean section birth waste with a novel obstetric blood loss quantifying device was compared, using Bland-Altman and correlation analysis, with staff volumetry and a reference hemoglobinometer. Hospital staff (nurses, midwives and doctors) opinion of the usability of the device was studied by an anonymous questionnaire which generated a System Usability Scale (SUS) score. SUS scores range from 0 to 100 with higher scores reflecting greater usability.
RESULTS: The device was used by 19 different hospital staff members (nine nurses, four midwives and six doctors) in 19 elective Caesarean deliveries that had varying levels of PPH risk. Bland-Altman analysis produced mean biases of -0.7 ± 1.5 g/dL and 0.2 ± 1.2 g/dL for the device and staff measurements respectively. The width of the limits of agreement was narrower for device measurements than for staff measurements (4.5 g/dL and 5.7 g/dL respectively). The device's measurements of hemoglobin content correlated more strongly with the hemoglobinometer rather than with hospital staff measurements (Spearman correlation coefficients of 0.9 and 0.6 respectively). This suggests that the device is more accurate in determining the blood content of the birth waste than hospital staff volumetric measurements. Hospital staff members assigned the device a mean SUS score of 82 which suggests that the device is highly usable.
CONCLUSION: An early feasibility study in clinical settings suggests that a novel device for quantifying obstetric blood loss was more accurate than volumetry in measuring the hemoglobin content of birth waste. Health professionals also found the device highly usable. This data suggests that there is much potential in transitioning from a "human-made" to a "machine-made" assessment of blood loss. Future studies will entail additional testing of the device to assess its impact on the morbidities associated with postpartum hemorrhage.
In 10 COPD patients and 10 healthy subjects, tiotropium and long-acting and short-acting beta-2 agonists were withdrawn at least 72 hours if assumed, 24 hours, and 12 hours, respectively, prior to test day. Placebo was administered between 8 AM and 10 AM. 240 and 290 minutes after inhalatory treatment (placebo), pulmonary function tests were performed.