anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is accompanied by psychiatric disorders, including Schizophrenic-like manifestations. Although incompletely illustrated, intestinal mucosal membrane damage and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrability may have significant roles in psychiatric symptoms of IBD. This study aimed to investigate role of the Claudin-5 (CLDN5) (a regulator of the permeability of BBB) and neuroinflammatory response in the comorbid behavioral disorders in experimental colitis in mice. Acetic acid was used to induce colitis in mice. 7 days after induction of colitis, behaviors including social interaction and locomotor activity as well as anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated. Then, the colon was extracted for gross and microscopic evaluations. The expression of CLDN5, TNF-α, IL1β and IL23 was measured by RT-PCR in the colon and hippocampus. Histopathologic evaluations demonstrated mucosal, submucosal, and crypt-related damages in the colon. The negative and positive number of social interactions significantly increased in the colitis group. A considerable increase in locomotor activities (horizontal and vertical components) shown in the colitis group. Mice in colitis group spent less time in the central zone in the open field apparatus. Gene expressions of TNF-α, IL1β, and IL23 increased and CLDN5 decreased in the colitis group. The barrier function of the intestine and brain would be impaired, partially at least, following colitis (as we observed decrease in CLDN5 gene expression). Furthermore, we found that beside inflammatory response in the colon, a neuro-immune response triggered in the hippocampus following colitis. These alterations probably, mediated comorbid behavioral disorders in acetic acid-induced colitis in mice.
PURPOSE:To obtain an emulsifier having high safeness so that a large amt. of oil phase component can be dispersed in a water phase with a small amt. of the emulsifier and emulsion of small particle size which is stable for a long time can be produced, by incorporating lecithin and water-soluble high-polymer having carboxyl groups in the molecule. CONSTITUTION:Lecithin (e.g. refined lecithin) and water-soluble high-polymer (e.g. alkylacrylic acid-acrylic acid copolymer) are mixed by 1:10-100:1 weight ratio. Thereby, the obtd. emulsifier is highly safe, and a large amt. of oil phase component can be dispersed in a water phase with a small amt. of this emulsifier. By using this emulsifier to disperse an oil phase in a water phase, an O/W emulsion having a small particle size which is stable for a long time can be produced.
Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain syndrome that presents with a constellation of broad symptoms, including decreased physical function, fatigue, cognitive disturbances, and other somatic complaints. Available therapies are often insufficient in treating symptoms, with inadequate pain control commonly leading to opioid usage for attempted management. Cranial electrical stimulation (CES) is a promising non-pharmacologic treatment option for pain conditions that uses pulsed electrical current stimulation to modify brain function via transcutaneous electrodes. These neural mechanisms and the applications of CES in fibromyalgia symptom relief require further exploration. A total of 50 participants from the Atlanta Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (VAHCS) diagnosed with fibromyalgia were enrolled and then block-randomized into either a placebo plus standard therapy or active CES plus standard therapy group. Baseline assessments were obtained prior to the start of treatment. Both interventions occurred over 12 weeks, and participants were assessed at 6 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment initiation. The primary outcome investigated whether pain and functional improvements occur with the application of CES. Additionally, baseline and follow-up resting state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fcMRI) were obtained at the 6-week and 12-week time points to assess for clinical applications of neural connectivity biomarkers and the underlying neural associations related to treatment effects. This is a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to determine the efficacy of CES for improving pain and function in fibromyalgia and further develop rs-fcMRI as a clinical tool to assess the neural correlates and mechanisms of chronic pain and analgesic response.
The clinical relevance of this proposed screen is that it would lead to the elusive and accurate diagnosis to circumvent the inexact IC patients into authentic CC and UC with a first clinic endoscopy biopsy. The central medical challenge in endoscopic medicine and colorectal surgery is the discrimination of colonic IBD into the subtypes with high accuracy because it greatly affects surgical care of patients. Incorrect diagnosis and surgery carry potential morbidity from inappropriate and unnecessary surgery and cost. Our published data has shown robust evidence supporting presence of human alpha-defensin 5 (DEFA5) in areas of the colon mucosa with aberrant expression of apparent Paneth cell-like cells (PCLCs) / crypt cell-like cells (CCLCs), which identifies an area of colonic ileal metaplasia, consistent with the diagnosis of CC. Investigators propose to demonstrate that UC and CC, the two unsolved medical subtypes of GI pathology with no drugs for a cure, may accurately be distinguished molecularly by examining CCLCs-secreted DEFA5 in colonic endoscopy biopsies instantly. Our proposal is highly innovative, as it highlights the robustness efficacy and safety of DEFA5 and its clinical relevance in IBD diagnostics. The goal of this proposal is to develop a clinical approach to circumvent diagnostic ambiguity and delay, as well as permit timely, and accurate diagnosis of colonic IBD. DEFA5 immunoreactivity in colonic endoscopy biopsies could be a potential diagnostic signature that accurately diagnoses CC and provides the basis to resolve ambiguity in the diagnosis of IBD to not only circumvent diagnostic delay, but also permit timely, accurate diagnosis and timely prescription of appropriate treatment options, an Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User-friendly, Robust and Rapid, Equipment-free, and Deliverable (ASSURED) bioassay that may delineate subtypes of IBD during the first clinic endoscopy biopsy visit. This bioassay is specific, sensitive, linear, affordable, low risk, and less invasive. Investigators hypothesize that aberrant expression of DEFA5 secreting CCLCs in colonic crypt of IBD patients may be exploited as a reliable diagnostic signature to highly differentiate CC from UC in otherwise IC patients during the first clinic visit endoscopy biopsy without delay. Investigators foresee no issues pertaining to this proposal as an established sampling error by endoscopic biopsy making it does not interfere with results and apropos of this project that each biopsy has complement CCLCs with co-localized DEFA5 clearly restricted in areas of the mucosa with aberrant CCLCs identifies a ubiquitously colonic ileal metaplasia that is consistent with the diagnosis of authentic CC. If successful, widespread use of this approach would not only revolutionize provide accurate diagnoses and the correct treatment regimens for IBD patients, but also it will improve health outcomes and patient quality of life, while reducing medical complications and/or unnecessary drugs, surgeries, \& costs.
To reduce the risk of withdrawal reactions, use a gradual taper to discontinue alprazolam or reduce the dosage. If a patient develops withdrawal reactions, consider pausing the taper or increasing the dosage to the previous tapered dosage level. Subsequently decrease the dosage more slowly [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3), Drug Abuse and Dependence (9.3)].

Reduced the dosage by no more than 0.5 mg every 3 days. Some patients may benefit from an even more gradual discontinuation. Some patients may prove resistant to all discontinuation regimens. 

In a controlled postmarketing discontinuation study of panic disorder patients which compared the recommended taper schedule with a slower taper schedule, no difference was observed between the groups in the proportion of patients who tapered to zero dose; however, the slower schedule was associated with a reduction in symptoms associated with a withdrawal syndrome.
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.

In controlled clinical trials involving 812 subjects, the incidence of adverse reactions associated with the use of mometasone furoate ointment, 0.1% was 4.8%. Reported reactions included burning, pruritus, skin atrophy, tingling/stinging, and furunculosis. Cases of rosacea associated with the use of mometasone furoate ointment, 0.1% have been reported.

The following adverse reactions were reported to be possibly or probably related to treatment with mometasone furoate ointment, 0.1% during a clinical study in 5% of 63 pediatric subjects 6 months to 2 years of age: decreased glucocorticoid levels, 1; an unspecified skin disorder, 1; and a bacterial skin infection, 1. The following signs of skin atrophy were also observed among 63 subjects treated with mometasone furoate ointment, 0.1% in a clinical trial: shininess, 4; telangiectasia, 1; loss of elasticity, 4; loss of normal skin markings, 4; and thinness, 1.
The invention discloses application of miR216a in inhibiting proliferation, invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells. The invention provides application of miR216a and a substance for expressing miR216a in preparation of products for inhibiting proliferation, invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells. The invention proves that miR216a can inhibit proliferation, invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells by targeted regulation of CDK14 expression. Furthermore, miR216a expression down-regulated in osteosarcoma patients was negatively correlated with CDK14 expression. Therefore, miR216a and CDK14 are likely to be novel biomarkers and common therapeutic targets for the prognosis of osteosarcoma treatment. The invention has important significance for treating osteosarcoma.
PURPOSE: To provide an arachidonic acid metabolism inhibitor which contains, as active ingredients, Euphorbia lathyris L. Aqrimonia pilosa Ledeb.var. japonica, Artemisia capillaris Thumb and Tussilago farfara L. and is effective for diseases accompanied by dysbolism of arachidonic acid. CONSTITUTION: This arachidonic acid metabolism inhibitor contains, as active ingredients, one or more plants selected from Euphorbia lathyris L. Aqrimonia pilosa Ledeb.var. japonica, Artemisia capillaris Thumb and Tussilago farfara L. or their extracts. Particularly, it can be widely used in prophylaxis and treatment for bronchitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, gout, arthritis, nephritis, hepatitis, psoriasis, urticaria, contact dermatitis, atopy dermatitis, ultraviolet inflammation. This inhibitor also can be used as a skin cosmetic. It can be applied in the form of emulsion, cream, milk cosmetic, solution cosmetic, oil cosmetic, pack, foundation or the like.
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), 1600 IU per day. Prebiotics placebo.
Extended-release (ER) local anesthetics are often incorporated in multi-modal analgesia or as an alternative when the effect of systemic analgesics may confound research. In this study, we compared the analgesic efficacy of 2 ER bupivacaine anesthetics with different ER mechanisms, a slow-release bupivacaine-meloxicam polymer (BMP) and a sucrose acetate isobutyrate bupivacaine (SABER-B) system. We used a full-thickness unilateral skin incision porcine model to evaluate the efficacy of these 2 ER bupivacaine analgesics. Eighteen male swine were randomized into 3 groups: control (saline; n = 6), bupivacaine:meloxicam (10 mg/kg, 0.3 mg/kg; n = 6), and SABER-B (10 mg/kg; n = 6). After surgery, pigs were assessed for changes in body weight, salivary cortisol level, and response to von Frey testing at 1, 3, 6, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 168 h. Body weight and salivary cortisol levels were not significantly different between groups. Based on the von Frey testing, the pigs that received analgesics showed a significantly higher withdrawal threshold of nociceptive stimulus than those that received saline at 1, 3, 6, and 24 h after the surgery. At 48 h after surgery, the SABER-B group had a significantly higher withdrawal threshold than the saline group. The withdrawal threshold was not significantly different from the baseline measurement on intact skin at 3 and 6 h after surgery in the BMP group or 1 and 3 h for the SABERB group. The analgesic effects of BMP were greatest at 3 and 6 h after surgery and that of SABER-B as 1 and 3 h SABER-B provided an earlier onset of analgesia and longer analgesia duration than did BMP. This study demonstrates that ER bupivacaine can provide pigs with 24 to 48 h of analgesia for incisional pain.
Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and symptoms without severe outflow obstruction will be eligible to participate. Enrollment will be limited to subjects who are unable to attain 75% of their maximum predicted MVO2 at cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Subjects with genetic evidence of CYP2D6 poor metabolizer status will be excluded.

Subjects will undergo functional testing at baseline with CPEX testing and 6 minute walk distance testing. They will begin perhexiline orally, and the dose will be adjusted according to plasma level testing. For the first 8 week period, the target therapeutic range will be 100-300 ng/mL, and for the second 8 week period, the range will be 300-500 ng/mL. Functional testing will be repeated at the end of both periods.
The recommended dosage for the induction of remission and the symptomatic treatment of mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis is 1g (4 PENTASA 250 mg capsules or 2 PENTASA 500 mg capsules) 4 times a day for a total daily dosage of 4g. Treatment duration in controlled trials was up to 8 weeks.

PENTASA capsules may be swallowed whole, or alternatively, the capsule may be opened and the entire contents sprinkled onto applesauce or yogurt. The entire contents should be consumed immediately. The capsules and capsule contents must not be crushed or chewed.

Safety and efficacy of PENTASA in pediatric patients have not been established.
OBJECTIVES: Cognitive impairment, pain and depressive symptoms are common and interrelated factors in older adults. However, the directionality and specificity of their association remains unclarified. This study explored whether these factors prospectively increase reciprocal risk and examined the longitudinal association between these factors and quality of life (QoL).
METHODS: This study used longitudinal data from The Older Persons and Informal Caregivers Survey Minimal Data Set (TOPICS-MDS; the Netherlands). Older adults self-reported cognitive impairment, pain, depressive symptoms and QoL at baseline and after 6 and 12 months of follow-up. The Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model was used to assess the prospective association between the three factors, while a multilevel linear regression analysis in a two-level random intercept model was used to examine the longitudinal associations between the three factors and QoL at the within-person level.
RESULTS: The data of 11,582 home-dwelling older adults with or without subjective cognitive impairment were analysed. At the within-person level, pain at 6 months was associated with subsequent depressive symptoms (β = 0.04, p = 0.024). The reverse association from depression to pain, and longitudinal associations between pain and subjective cognitive impairment and between depressive symptoms and subjective cognitive impairment were non-significant. Pain, depressive symptoms and subjective cognitive impairment showed a significant association with poor QoL 6 months later.
CONCLUSIONS: A directional relationship was observed from pain to depressive symptoms. Pain reduction holds a potential benefit in the prevention of depressive symptoms, ultimately optimising the QoL of older adults.
An artificial intelligence application called "Musclewiki" will be used for healthy adults to continue their exercise training at home. For 8 weeks, exercise will be practiced 3 times a week in the company of a physiotherapist, accompanied by a physiotherapist through artificial intelligence.
Frailty is a dynamic and evolving state of health which involves the gradual loss of physiological in-built reserves. In Singapore, there is growing interest in delivering frailty intervention programmes at scale in the community to meet the demands of an ageing population. New methods of programme delivery such as community-led models that do not rely on healthcare professional manpower are critical to address this unmet need. In this paper, we describe our experience and some lessons learned from the implementation of a community-based early frailty intervention programme for older adults, delivered for the first time by trained laypersons. From August to September 2022, "Steady Lah," a community-based early frailty intervention programme with physical activity and nutrition-based elements, was conducted at an Active Ageing Centre in Singapore. A total of 23 participants with mean age of 73.8 years were enrolled in the 12-session programme comprising of progressive strength and balance-based exercises and workshop-based learning focusing on nutrition. In the implementation of this run of "Steady Lah," modifications were made from a healthcare professional-led model to a trained layperson-led model with additional steps taken to ensure participant safety and assess overall effectiveness when delivered by trained laypersons. Good collaboration between stakeholders in healthcare institutions and the community is necessary to co-develop a model that prioritises the needs of the frail older adults.
PURPOSE: Women with pathogenic variants (PVs) in breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) associated genes are candidates for cancer risk-reducing strategies. Limited information is available regarding risk-reducing surgeries (RRS) among Hispanics. The aim of this study was to describe the uptake of RRS in an international real-world experience of Hispanic women referred for genetic cancer risk assessment (GCRA) and to identify factors affecting uptake.
METHODS: Between July 1997 and December 2019, Hispanic women, living in the United States or in Latin America, enrolled in the Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network registry were prospectively included. Demographic characteristics and data regarding RRS were obtained from chart reviews and patient-reported follow-up questionnaires. Median follow-up was 41 months.
RESULTS: Among 1,736 Hispanic women referred for GCRA, 27.2% women underwent risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM), 25.5% risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) and, 10.7% both surgeries. Among BRCA carriers, rates of RRM and RRSO were 47.6% and 56.7%, respectively. In the multivariate analyses, being a carrier of a BC susceptibility gene (odds ratio [OR], 3.44), personal history of BC (OR, 6.22), living in the US (OR, 3.90), age ≤50 years (OR, 1.68) and, family history of BC (OR, 1.56) were associated with a higher likelihood of undergoing RRM. Carrying an OC susceptibility gene (OR, 6.72) was associated with a higher likelihood of undergoing RRSO.
CONCLUSION: The rate of RRS among Hispanic women is suboptimal. PV carriers, women with personal history of cancer, and those with a family history of cancer were more likely to have RRS, with less uptake outside the US. Understanding personal and systemic factors influencing uptake may enable interventions to increase risk appropriate uptake of RRS.
This project will evaluate an innovative, theoretically-motivated economic intervention to reduce men's engagement in transactional sex and other risky behaviors. Leveraging innovations in mobile financial services and research on savings behavior in low-income countries, the investigators propose to test an intervention that seeks to motivate high-risk, income-earning men in western Kenya to reduce their spending on risky behaviors and instead save their disposable income in local bank accounts. These bank accounts will include additional incentives to save in the form of lottery-based rewards linked to amounts saved. The intervention will also encourage participants to develop savings goals and strategies, and provide periodic reminders about saving regularly. Through a direct economic mechanism (incentives to shift expenditures from the present to the future) and a psychological mechanism (increasing future orientation), the investigators hypothesize that the intervention will result in increased savings, reduced spending on transactional sex and alcohol, less risky sexual behavior, and reduced risk of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

The investigators will conduct a randomized controlled trial among men who are at high risk of HIV and STI infection and determine the effects of a savings intervention on health and economic outcomes. Specific aims of the project are as follows. Aim 1: Determine the impact of the intervention on savings and investment behavior, self-reported sexual behavior, and incidence of HIV/STIs. Aim 2: Quantitatively and qualitatively assess mechanisms of behavior change among participants and a sample of their female partners.
BACKGROUND: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is associated with different cardiovascular diseases, however, the association between OH and coronary slow flow (CSF) has never been evaluated before.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chest pain patients who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) and with normal coronary arteries in our department from January 1st, 2022 to August 31st, 2023 were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into the CSF group and the normal blood flow (NBF) group. Relative clinical information, laboratory test results as well as the results of CAG were collected and analyzed. Both uni-variable and multi-variable logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between OH and CSF in these patients.
RESULTS: Four thousand six hundred and twenty-seven patients underwent CAG and 655 patients had normal coronary arteries. In which, sixty-nine patients were diagnosed with CSF while 586 patients were diagnosed with NBF. Uni-variable analysis revealed that higher body weight index, faster heart rate in sitting position, accompanied with chronic kidney disease, did not take Antidiabetic therapy, higher level of aspartate transaminase, uric acid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, ApoB1, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, homocysteine, B-type natriuretic peptide as well as OH are the risk factors for CSF in these patients. Multi-variable logistic regressing analysis further demonstrated that OH was the independent risk factor for predicting CSF in these patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Our finding suggests OH might be a useful predictor for CSF in patients with chest pain but normal coronary arteries.