anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Historically, treatment of MMC was limited to post-natal surgery to close the dura and skin over the spinal cord to prevent meningitis, which had no effect on motor function. The potential benefit of earlier intervention was realized when prenatal ultrasound of patients with MMC early in gestation revealed near-normal leg movements despite displaying paralysis at birth. This finding gave credence to the two-hit hypothesis that paralysis was progressive during prenatal life and suggested that fetal intervention could prevent the secondary damage to the spinal cord. Fetal repair of MMC did confer improvement in motor function of children treated in the Management of Myelomeningocele (MOMS) randomized controlled trial. The promising results of the MOMS trial demonstrated the potential for improvement of paralysis for these patients, but distal motor function still remained severely impaired in the majority of patients with MMC with standard in utero repair alone. While this demonstrated that the ideal time to intervene to prevent paralysis is in utero with the goal of preventing the accrual of ongoing damage to the spinal cord, there is still room for improvement. The remarkable regenerative capacity of the fetal environment combined with regenerative capacity of placental mesenchymal stem cells offers potential for augmentation of the fetal repair of MMC with a novel therapy to further reduce and repair the sustained spinal cord damage.
Each participant will receive a single dose of 20 mg morphine tablet. At estimated peak-plasma concentration testing is conducted. The subject and the assessor are both blinded to the drug administrations.
Patients receive brentuximab vedotin IV over 30 minutes and nivolumab IV over 60 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 3 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Immunotherapy treatments aim to modulate the host's immune response to either mitigate it in inflammatory/autoimmune disease or enhance it against infection or cancer. Among different immunotherapies reaching clinical application during the last years, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) immunotherapy has emerged as an effective treatment for cancer where different CAR T cells have already been approved. Yet their use against infectious diseases is an area still relatively poorly explored, albeit with tremendous potential for research and clinical application. Infectious diseases represent a global health challenge, with the escalating threat of antimicrobial resistance underscoring the need for alternative therapeutic approaches. This review aims to systematically evaluate the current applications of CAR immunotherapy in infectious diseases and discuss its potential for future applications. Notably, CAR cell therapies, initially developed for cancer treatment, are gaining recognition as potential remedies for infectious diseases. The review sheds light on significant progress in CAR T cell therapy directed at viral and opportunistic fungal infections.
Objective In this experimental study, it was aimed to examine the effect of emotional freedom technique applied to women with risky pregnancy on mental well-being and stress levels.

Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled study will be conducted between February 2024 and August 2024 in Kahramanmaraş Necip Fazıl City Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology Annex Building Obstetrics Outpatient Clinics with a total of 120 risk pregnant women (60 EFT, 60 control). EFT will be applied in the study. Women in the EFT group will receive EFT four times at one-week intervals. Pretest data will be obtained by filling out the Personal Information Form, Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWB), Prenatal Distress Scale - Revised Version before the Emotional Freedom Technique application. After the interventions, post-test data will be obtained by completing the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWB), Prenatal Distress Scale - Revised Version. In addition, the Subjective Units of Experience (SUE) scale will be administered before and after each EFT intervention.
The risk of severe graft versus host disease (GVHD) is increased with the use of unrelated and partially matched related donors. T cell depletion reduces the risk of severe GVHD, but immune reconstitution is delayed. Important memory T cells that may protect patients from fungal and viral infections are also removed in the T depletion process. CD45RA depletion has been studied both as a single step to reduce the risk of GVHD, and also, in conjunction with αβTCR depleted hematopoietic stem cell grafts to accelerate immune reconstitution. This is a single institutional pilot trial of this T cell depletion technique. Patients with acute leukemias at high risk for relapse are eligible to participate. Patients will be given CD45RA depleted donor peripheral stem cells (PSCs) following T depleted hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). A short course of GVHD prophylaxis will be used after CD45RA depletion.
Needle at bilateral BL33 60-80 mm with a 45°angle.A feeling of soreness and distension will be felt when needling into the 3rd posterior sacral foramina(S3).Needle with a 100-125 mm long needle without lifting, thrusting or rotating.G6805-2 electric stimulator (produced by Shanghai Huayi Medical Instrument Co.Ltd)is put on with Sparse-dense wave,20Hz. Stop turning up the current intensity when patients could not stand. There are 5 sessions in the first two weeks and 3 sessions in the last two weeks, 30 min/session.
The study population consists of participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus without symptoms or known coronary heart disease. Participants underwent a baseline examination and CCTA scan, followed by a 12-month follow-up with repeated exams and another CCTA scan. Journal audit will be done for all participants after approximately 7 years post baseline CCTA scan.
T-DM1 therapy has shown a survival benefit in previously trastuzumab-treated HER2-positive locally-advanced unresectable or metastatic breast cancer patients from clinical trials. However, the real-world efficacy and safety of T-DM1 in KOREA were not evaluated outside the controlled clinical trials. Therefore, this large multicenter retrospective analysis was designed to evaluate the real-world efficacy and safety of T-DM1 under the Korea National Health Insurance System. The medical records in approximately 1,000 patients with relapsed or De Novo metastatic breast cancer, who have received T-DM1 between Aug 03, 2017 and Dec 31, 2018 will be collected. Eligibility criteria included age ≥ 19 years, histologically confirmed HER2-positive, relapsed after primary surgery or initially metastatic breast cancer, and previous trastuzumab treated. Efficacy was evaluated by overall survival, progression free survival, time to progression, objective response rate, disease control rate, duration of response and time to next treatment. Safety was evaluated by hematologic or non-non hematologic toxicities and adverse events of special interest with T-DM1 therapy.
Though myocardial infarction (MI) in pigs is a well-established translational large animal model, it has not yet been widely used for immunotherapy studies, and a comprehensive description of the immune response to MI in this species is lacking. We induced MI in Landrace pigs by balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending artery over 90 min. Within 14 days, the necrotic myocardium was progressively replaced by scar tissue with involvement of myofibroblasts. We characterized the immune response in the heart ex vivo by (immuno)histology, flow cytometry, and RNA sequencing of myocardial tissue on days 3, 7, and 14 after MI. Besides a clear predominance of myeloid cells among heart-infiltrating leukocytes, we detected activated T cells and an increasing proportion of CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg), especially in the infarct core-findings that closely mirror what has been observed in mice and humans after MI. Transcriptome data indicated inflammatory activity that was persistent but markedly changing in character over time and linked to extracellular matrix biology. Analysis of lymphocytes in heart-draining lymph nodes revealed significantly higher proliferation rates of T helper cell subsets, including Treg on day 7 after MI, compared to sham controls. Elevated frequencies of myeloid progenitors in the spleen suggest that it might be a site of emergency myelopoiesis after MI in pigs, as previously shown in mice. We thus provide a first description of the immune response to MI in pigs, and our results can aid future research using the species for preclinical immunotherapy studies.
The transmission routes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are well known and many control programs focusing on risk groups and behavior have been undertaken. However, the risk factors of HIV transmission are not only at individual level (eg: demographic, behavior, and genetic risk factors), socioeconomic and environmental factors also take important roles. In Taiwan, few researches explored the spatial distribution of HIV infection. Studies in other countries observed a significant geographic variation in HIV infection. To understand the spatial pattern of HIV infection in depth, the present study aims to retrospectively investigate the epidemiological and geographic characteristics of HIV infection using the medical records database of National Taiwan University Hospital. A Geographic information system (GIS) and spatial statistics will be used to analyze the geographic patterns to determine whether spatial dispersion or clustering. There are two aims of this study. One is to investigate the epidemiology of HIV infection in Taipei City. The second is to analyze the spatial characterizes of HIV infection, including disease mapping, geographic correlation studies, and identifying the presence of HIV clusters and their potential spatial risk factors. In addition, we want to examine whether there are different distributions between different classificatory groups. Finally, we hope that our findings would give some direction for local health and policy planners to improve the HIV intervention and prevention strategies
Chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC) is an important cause of heart failure (HF) and sudden death in Latin America.1 According to recent estimates, 13 million people worldwide are infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, of whom 3.0 to 3.3 million are symptomatic.2 The incidence rate is 200000 cases per year. Among those infected, 30% have clinical features of CCC and 15% ultimately develop overt left ventricular (LV) insufficiency-the main prognostic determinant of the disease. In Chagas cardiomyopathy, the hemodynamic and neurohormonal responses do not differ from those in other cardiomyopathies. This common pathophysiology suggests that treatments shown to be effective by classic HF trials should be beneficial in CCC. However, CCC has several specific characteristics, such as early cardiac denervation, frequent ventricular arrhythmias, and several forms as well as grades of conduction disturbances, including sinus bradycardia, complete atrioventricular block, and right bundle-branch block. Morphologically, hypertrophy, dilatation, and severe fibrosis are prominent. In 20% to 40% of cases, an apical ventricular aneurysm is present.1 These peculiarities in combination lead to a high incidence of sudden death (60% of all deaths), cardiac insufficiency, and ventricular remodeling. The responses of patients to the usual drugs prescribed in HF could be different, and this perception has led to the suboptimal dosing or lack of initiation of medical treatments that are of proven efficacy in patients with other etiologies of HF. The underlying problem is that therapies that are effective in patients with HF caused by non-chagasic cardiomyopathies, such as those with renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASis) and h-blockers, have yet to be formally tested in CCC. There are few clinical trials and no randomized study on this subject. Consequently, the investigators evaluated the effects of optimizing treatment with enalapril and spironolactone and then undertook a randomized trial of adding a h-blocker in the treatment of patients with CCC.
Patients with creatinine clearance less than 90 mL/min require dosage reduction of Imipenem and Cilastatin for Injection (I.V.) as indicated in Table 3. The serum creatinine should represent a steady state of renal function. Use the Cockcroft-Gault method described below to calculate the creatinine clearance: 

In patients with creatinine clearances of less than 30 to greater than or equal to 15 mL/min, there may be an increased risk of seizures [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2) and Use in Specific Populations ( 8.6)] . Patients with creatinine clearance less than 15 mL/min should not receive Imipenem and Cilastatin for Injection (I.V.) unless hemodialysis is instituted within 48 hours. There is inadequate information to recommend usage of Imipenem and Cilastatin for Injection (I.V.) for patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
Up to 20 subjects will be recruited from the patient population at the Principal Investigator's clinic. Subject recruitment will end once 15 evaluable subjects have completed the study.
Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Slight discoloration does not alter potency.

Confirm the choice of the correct Heparin Sodium Injection vial or syringes prior to administration of the drug to a patient (see WARNINGS, Fatal Medication Errors). Heparin Sodium Injection, USP products must not be confused with “catheter lock flush” products. To lessen this risk for syringes, a cautionary statement has been added to the syringe and box/bin. Read the cautionary statement and confirm that you have selected the correct medication and strength.

When heparin is added to an infusion solution for continuous intravenous administration, the container should be inverted at least six times to ensure adequate mixing and prevent pooling of the heparin in the solution.

Heparin sodium is not effective by oral administration and should be given by intermittent intravenous injections, intravenous infusion, or deep subcutaneous (intrafat, i.e., above the iliac crest or abdominal fat layer) injection. The intramuscular route of administration should be avoided because of the frequent occurrence of hematoma at the injection site.

The prefilled syringe is suitable for substances to be administered intravenously. It is intended for use with injection sets specifically manufactured as "needle-less" injection systems.

The dosage of heparin sodium should be adjusted according to the patient’s coagulation-test results. When heparin is given by continuous intravenous infusion, the coagulation time should be determined approximately every 4 hours in the early stages of treatment. When the drug is administered intermittently by intravenous injection, coagulation tests should be performed before each injection during the early stages of treatment and at appropriate intervals thereafter. Dosage is considered adequate when the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) is 1.5 to 2 times normal or when the whole blood clotting time is elevated approximately 2.5 to 3 times the control value. After deep subcutaneous (intrafat) injections, tests for adequacy of dosage are best performed on samples drawn 4 to 6 hours after the injection.

Periodic platelet counts, hematocrits, and tests for occult blood in stool are recommended during the entire course of heparin therapy, regardless of the route of administration.
Preparation for care and protection of skin with children and adults, i.e. method for obtaining thereof consists in that the zinc oxide and powder resolve in paraffin oil during 1-2 minutes up to the complete homogenization, so that these substances can be homogenized and prepared for combining merging with other substances. In the following step the water-free lanoline and white Vaseline are melted and dissolved at the same temperature of about 65 % and poured into duplicate unit. Moreover in such a way melted lanoline and Vaseline, paraffin oil is added, mixture of zinc oxide and powder previously dissolved in paraffin oil and citric acid, hence the cooled mass is added. Bisabolol and bitter almond water, with constant mixing up the complete homogenization of mass, i.e. obtaining the consistency of ointment. Preparation obtained by this procedure is cooled and a slight yellowish ointment with fine almond fragrance is obtained.
Carboxymethyl hyaluronic acid (CMHA) hydrogel crosslinked by radiation is an ideal biocompatible material that can be used in tissue regeneration and medicine. Previously crosslinked CMHA in highly concentrated solution or paste-like state is done. A high substituted CMHA with DS of 0.74 is synthesized and crosslinked by gamma-irradiation with 10%-60% w/w concentration at doses of 20–120 kGy without the addition of initiators and crosslinking agents to obtain hydrogels with different gel properties. No gels are formed for 10% and 20% concentration. Gel fraction for 20% and 40% concentration ranged from 15% to 68%. Crosslinking efficiency is improved. Radiation crosslinking of CMHA is found to efficient at high degree of substitution (DS), molecular weight and at higher irradiation dose. Swelling in water of CMHA hydrogels ranging from 26-571g H 2 O/g dry gel is obtained. This range of swelling properties can open a wide variety of applications.
Upon completion of the safety lead-in, participants in Cohort 6 will be randomized and SG will be administered in cisplatin-ineligible participants who have never received therapy in the metastatic setting or for unresectable locally advanced disease. Treatment may be discontinued at any time, but participants will continue to be followed for tumor response until progression is documented, and alternate therapy is initiated. If participants discontinue therapy before evidence of radiologic progression, imaging should continue until radiologic progression is documented, if feasible.
For decades, researchers have used linkable administrative health data for evaluating the health care system, subject to local privacy legislation. In Ontario, Canada, the relevant privacy legislation permits some organizations (prescribed entities) to conduct this kind of research but is silent on their ability to identify and contact individuals in those datasets. Following consultation with the Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner of Ontario, we developed a pilot study to identify and contact by mail a sample of people at high risk for kidney failure within the next 2 years, based on laboratory and administrative data from provincial datasets held by ICES, to ensure they receive needed kidney care. Before proceeding, we conducted six focus groups to understand the acceptability to the public and people living with chronic kidney disease of direct mail outreach to people at high risk of developing kidney failure. While virtually all participants indicated they would likely participate in the study, most felt strongly that the message should come directly from their primary care provider or whoever ordered the laboratory tests, rather than from an unknown organization. If this is not possible, they felt the health care provider should be made aware of the concern related to their kidney health. Most agreed that, if health authorities could identify people at high risk of a treatable life-threatening illness if caught early enough, there is a social responsibility to notify people. While privacy laws allow for free flow of health information among health care providers who provide direct clinical care, the proposed case-finding and outreach falls outside that model. Enabling this kind of information flow will require greater clarity in existing laws or revisions to these laws. This also requires adequate notification and culture change for health care providers and the public around information uses and flows.
Carcinogenicity studies have not been conducted with larotrectinib. Larotrectinib was not mutagenic in the in vitro bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) assays, with or without metabolic activation, or in the in vitro mammalian mutagenesis assays, with or without metabolic activation. In vivo, larotrectinib was negative in the mouse micronucleus test.

Fertility studies with larotrectinib have not been conducted. In a 3-month repeat-dose toxicity study in the rat, larotrectinib had no effects on spermatogenesis at 75 mg/kg/day (approximately 7 times the human exposure at the 100 mg twice daily dose). Additionally, larotrectinib had no histological effects on the male reproductive tract in rats or monkeys at doses resulting in exposures up to 10 times the human exposure (AUC0-24hr) at the 100 mg twice daily clinical dose.

In a 1-month repeat-dose study in the rat, decreased uterine weight and uterine atrophy were seen at 200 mg/kg/day [approximately 45 times the human exposure (AUC) at the 100 mg twice daily dose]. Fewer corpora lutea and increased incidence of anestrus were also noted at doses ≥ 60 mg/kg/day (approximately 10 times the human exposure at the 100 mg twice daily dose). Decreased fertility occurred in a juvenile animal study [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4)]. There were no findings in female reproductive organs in repeat-dose studies in monkeys at exposures up to 22 times the human exposure at the 100 mg twice daily dose.
PURPOSE: A cosmetic composition containing Zanthoxylum piperitum extract or a fraction thereof and a method for manufacturing the same are provided to ensure excellent antioxidation and whitening effect without irritation and side effect. CONSTITUTION: A cosmetic composition for skin whitening contains 0.01-10.0 wt% of Zanthoxylum piperitum extract as an active ingredient. The cosmetic composition contains a fraction which is prepared by adding a solvent to the Zanthoxylum piperitum extract. The Zanthoxylum piperitum extract is prepared by adding a solvent at 60-80 deg. C for 1-5 hours. The cosmetic composition is manufactured in the form of a skin lotion, skin softener, skin toner, astringent, lotion, moisture lotion, massage cream, nutrition cream, moisture cream, hand cream, essence, pack, soap, shampoo, cleansing foam, cleansing lotion, cleansing cream, body lotion, body cleanser, emulsion, or eye shadow. [Reference numerals] (AA) Activity(%); (BB) Concentration(ppm); (CC) Embodiment 14_BL6; (DD) Embodiment 24_BL6; (EE) Embodiment 14_F10; (FF) Embodiment 24_F10