anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
ENTADFI is a combination of finasteride and tadalafil.

Finasteride:

The development and enlargement of the prostate gland is dependent on the potent androgen, 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Type II 5α-reductase metabolizes testosterone to DHT in the prostate gland, liver and skin. DHT induces androgenic effects by binding to androgen receptors in the cell nuclei of these organs.

Finasteride is a competitive and specific inhibitor of Type II 5α-reductase with which it slowly forms a stable enzyme complex. Turnover from this complex is extremely slow (t½ ~ 30 days). This has been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro. Finasteride has no affinity for the androgen receptor. In man, the 5α-reduced steroid metabolites in blood and urine are decreased after administration of finasteride.

Tadalafil: 

The mechanism for reducing BPH symptoms has not been established. Studies in vitro have demonstrated that tadalafil is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5). PDE5 is found in the smooth muscle of the corpus cavernosum, prostate, and bladder as well as in vascular and visceral smooth muscle, skeletal muscle, urethra, platelets, kidney, lung, cerebellum, heart, liver, testis, seminal vesicle, and pancreas.

In vitro studies have shown that the effect of tadalafil is more potent on PDE5 than on other phosphodiesterases. These studies have shown that tadalafil is >10,000-fold more potent for PDE5 than for PDE1, PDE2, PDE4, and PDE7 enzymes, which are found in the heart, brain, blood vessels, liver, leukocytes, skeletal muscle, and other organs. Tadalafil is >10,000-fold more potent for PDE5 than for PDE3, an enzyme found in the heart and blood vessels. Additionally, tadalafil is 700-fold more potent for PDE5 than for PDE6, which is found in the retina and is responsible for phototransduction. Tadalafil is >9,000-fold more potent for PDE5 than for PDE8, PDE9, and PDE10. Tadalafil is 14-fold more potent for PDE5 than for PDE11A1 and 40-fold more potent for PDE5 than for PDE11A4, two of the four known forms of PDE11. PDE11 is an enzyme found in human prostate, testes, skeletal muscle and in other tissues (e.g., adrenal cortex). In vitro, tadalafil inhibits human recombinant PDE11A1 and, to a lesser degree, PDE11A4 activities at concentrations within the therapeutic range. The physiological role and clinical consequence of PDE11 inhibition in humans have not been defined.
Patients in Part A will have previously treated progressive or metastatic NSCLC, pancreatic, or colorectal cancer, with or without KRAS mutation. Five dose levels will be explored. In dose level 5, only patients with previously-treated NSCLC with KRAS mutation will be included.

Patients in Part B must have previously treated NSCLC with confirmed KRAS mutation. Two dose levels will be explored further in Part B. Twenty (20) patients will be enrolled in Part B, with 10 patients enrolled in each of the two cohorts. Once dose level 5 has been confirmed to be safe in Part A (i.e. 0-1 DLT in 6 patients), an additional 4 patients will then be enrolled for a planned total of 24 patients in Part B.
Prenatal assessment of lung size and liver position is essential to stratify congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) fetuses in risk categories, guiding counseling, and patient management. Manual segmentation on fetal MRI provides a quantitative estimation of total lung volume and liver herniation. However, it is time-consuming and operator-dependent. In this study, we utilized a publicly available deep learning (DL) segmentation system (nnU-Net) to automatically contour CDH-affected fetal lungs and liver on MRI sections. Concordance between automatic and manual segmentation was assessed by calculating the Jaccard coefficient. Pyradiomics standard features were then extracted from both manually and automatically segmented regions. The reproducibility of features between the two groups was evaluated through the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). We finally tested the reliability of the automatic-segmentation approach by building a ML classifier system for the prediction of liver herniation based on support vector machines (SVM) and trained on shape features computed both in the manual and nnU-Net-segmented organs. We compared the area under the classifier receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) in the two cases. Pyradiomics features calculated in the manual ROIs were partly reproducible by the same features calculated in nnU-Net segmented ROIs and, when used in the ML procedure, to predict liver herniation (both AUC around 0.85).          Conclusion: Our results suggest that automatic MRI segmentation is feasible, with good reproducibility of pyradiomics features, and that a ML system for liver herniation prediction offers good reliability.          Trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04609163?term=NCT04609163&draw=2&rank=1 ; Clinical Trial Identification no. NCT04609163. What is Known: • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for prenatal congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) assessment. It enables the quantification of the total lung volume and the extent of liver herniation, which are essential for stratifying the severity of CDH, guiding counseling, and patient management. • The manual segmentation of MRI scans is a time-consuming process that is heavily reliant upon the skill set of the operator. What is New: • MRI lung and liver automatic segmentation using the deep learning nnU-Net system is feasible, with good Jaccard coefficient values and satisfactory reproducibility of pyradiomics features compared to manual results. • A feasible ML system for predicting liver herniation could improve prenatal assessments and CDH patient management.
The invention relates to a tioconazole-containing paste for vaginal use, comprising tioconazole and medical findings. The weight of tioconazole is 5-8% of total weight of paste, and the left is findings. The tioconazole is distributed in medical findings. The invention also discloses the method for preparing said paste, which includes a step of distributing tioconazole into medical findings. The step comprises: disintegrating tioconazole into powder particular with diameter being 10 um-50 um, mixing medical findings with tioconazole powder particular, adding conservative and stirring. The invention is characterized by easy performance for paste formulation and production process, the dissolving property of tioconazole is improved through disintegration, so the production is reduced and process is simplified. The product can be used to resist fungus and treat vagina fungus infection.
Patients receive gp100 antigen emulsified in Montanide ISA-51 SC on day 1. Patients also receive aldesleukin as in Arm I beginning on day 2. Treatment repeats every 3 weeks for 2 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with stable or responding disease 3 weeks after completing 2 courses may receive a maximum of 12 additional courses. Patients with complete response may receive a maximum of 2 additional courses.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm disorder, and nearly 90% of patients experience symptoms such as shortness of breath that directly impair their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Catheter ablation is a minimally invasive, surgical procedure that is routinely performed to treat AF and associated symptoms with the goal of improving HRQOL, but also carries potentially serious risks. Shared decision-making (SDM), in which treatment decisions are aligned based on high quality evidence and patient values and goals of care, is a widely encouraged practice for navigating complex healthcare decisions such as these. However, SDM around rhythm and symptom management does not routinely occur due to a lack of detailed evidence about symptom improvement post-ablation, and a lack of decision aids to communicate evidence to patients. The overarching goal of this award is to create an interactive patient decision aid composed of established evidence from clinical trials together with novel "real world" evidence about symptom improvement post ablation mined from electronic health records (EHRs).

The investigators propose to use "real-world evidence" drawn from electronic health records (EHRs) to characterize post-ablation symptom patterns, and display them in decision-aid visualizations to support shared decision-making (SDM). In this project, the investigators will first use natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML) to extract and analyze symptom data from narrative notes in EHRs. The investigators will also employ a rigorous, user-centered design protocol created during the Principal Investigator's post-doctoral work to develop decision-aid visualizations. In the clinical trial, the investigators will evaluate the feasibility of implementing these interactive decision-aid visualizations in clinical practice.
1488988 Stabilizing agent for enzymes BOEHRINGER MANNHEIM GmbH 25 Nov 1975 48363/75 Heading C3H A stabilizing agent for labile enzymes comprises a protein fraction which is the precipitate obtained by the action of trichloroacetic acid (5-20 wt. per cent/vol.) on the clear extract obtained by the extraction of digested yeast or yeast waste with water at a temperature of from 80‹ to 100‹ C. and separation of the precipitate. The precipitate may be further purified by dissolution in water at substantially neutral pH, subjected to ethanol fraction precipitation wherein the precipitate obtained with from 45 to 90% by volume of ethanol, based on the volume of solution is recovered, taken up in a buffer of substantially neutral pH, dialysed against said buffer and, optionally, subjected to chromatographic purification. The stabilizing agent is preferably in the form of a solution of pH above 5 with a protein content of from 5 to 200 mg./ml. In the examples, the enzymes stabilized are glycerokinase (from Candida mycoderma), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glycerokinase/ Aspergillus niger composition, maleate dehydrogenase (from cardiac muscle), glucose dehydrogenase (from Bacillus subtilis), aldehyde dehydrogenase (from baker's yeast) and glucose oxidase (from mould fungus).
Stavudine (d4T) is a synthetic thymidine nucleoside analogue, active against the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The chemical name for stavudine is 2′,3′-didehydro-3′-deoxythymidine. Stavudine has the following structural formula:

Stavudine is a white to off-white crystalline solid with the molecular formula C10H12N2O4 and a molecular weight of 224.2. The solubility of stavudine at 23°C is approximately 83 mg/mL in water and 30 mg/mL in propylene glycol. The n-octanol/water partition coefficient of stavudine at 23°C is 0.144.

For Oral Solution: Stavudine is available as a dye-free, fruit-flavored powder in bottles with child-resistant closures providing 200 mL of a 1 mg/mL stavudine oral solution upon constitution with water per label instructions. The powder for oral solution contains the following inactive ingredients: methylparaben, propylparaben, mannitol, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, sodium saccharin and strawberry cream flavour.
The aim of this study was to develop a bundle to increase safety of intra-hospital transport in critically ill patients. A qualitative design with Delphi approach was conducted for creation of an intra-hospital transport bundle in 3 steps. First, doctors and nurses were questioned about their encounters with intra-hospital transport incidents. Second, several databases were looked through to find published checklists and recommendations for intra-hospital transport. Third, using this strategy, a bundle was created and reviewed with subject matter experts. The content validity index (CVI), which assesses the degree of expert agreement, was utilized to evaluate each item in the generated bundle. Two evaluation cycles were required before a minimal index could be reached. We looked at the content validity and important weighting of the items. The scale-CVI was calculated using the average of all the elements, and it was 1. The created bundle serves as a framework for directing doctors and nurses during intra-hospital transportation and offers continuity of care to improve patient safety. The techniques suggested in this study can be used to adapt this bundle to the needs of other hospitals.
This invention relates to oxysteroids and oxysteroid hormones which have been identified. These oxysteroids are C27 modified sterols, particularly derivatives of intermediates in cholesterol synthesis, including lanosterol, zymosterol and desmosterol, including C27 diol and C27 acid derivatives, as well as related compounds and analogs thereof. The oxysteroids are capable of binding to or otherwise interacting with orphan nuclear receptors to result in modulation of gene expression. The invention further relates to methods of modulating the rate of cholesterol synthesis in a mammal. More specifically, the invention relates to treatment of cholesterol-related conditions which are improved or ameliorated by modulating the rate of cholesterol synthesis or cholesterol metabolism in a human in need thereof by administration of these oxysteroids, analogs or antagonists thereof. The invention includes methods for ameliorating, treating or preventing macular degeneration in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal an agent which stimulates or enhances the expression or activity of steroid sulphotransferase (SLUT2), particularly SLUT2B1b, or which stimulates or enhances the expression or activity of CYP27A1 or sterol 27-hydroxylase or otherwise increasing the sulfonation or 27-hydroxylation of cholesterol intermediates, including 7-ketocholesterol. Assays for identification of analogs, antagonists or modulators of these oxysteroids or of sterol 27-hydroxylase are also provided.
INTRODUCTION: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is the most prevalent form of interstitial lung disease, which presents as usual interstitial pneumonia on histopathology and imaging. It leads to significant lung scarring, damage, and fibrosis and is associated with a high degree of mortality, repeated hospital admissions, and oxygen dependence. Many complications are associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which further increases the morbidity of patients. High-resolution computed tomography chest is the imaging modality of choice for usual interstitial pneumonia tracking its progression, evaluating treatment response, and detecting potential complications.
METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (Reference number: IEC-INT/2023/Study-1256). Departmental computed tomography report database from November, 2017 to June, 2018 was reviewed and scans with imaging features consistent with the 'usual interstitial pneumonia' pattern were identified. Total sampling method was used and two independent radiologists, blinded to the patient's clinical information, reviewed the high-resolution computed tomography chest scans to assess for imaging features of usual interstitial pneumonia and associated complications. Data was collected and analyzed using Microsoft Excel.
RESULTS: There were 65 patients reported as unusual interstitial pneumonia pattern. Emphysema and pneumothorax were identified in 4 (6.15%) and 1 (1.53%) scans, respectively. Two (3.08%) scans showed features of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Ten (15.38%) scans exhibited findings consistent with co-existent or superimposed pulmonary infection. Additionally, features of lung malignancy were identified in high-resolution computed tomography scans of 5 (7.69%) patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with UIP often experience severe lung scarring, and frequent complications, and require regular chest CT scans to monitor disease progression and identify potential complications.
Patients should use triamcinolone acetonide nasal spray on a regular once-daily basis for optimal effect. It is also important to shake the bottle well before each use. Do not blow your nose for 15 minutes after using the spray. Triamcinolone acetonide nasal spray, like other corticosteroids, does not have an immediate effect on rhinitis symptoms. Although improvement in some patient symptoms may be seen within the first day of treatment, maximum benefit may not be reached for up to one week. The patient should not increase the prescribed dosage but should contact the physician if symptoms do not improve or if the condition worsens.
Patients with different inflammatory rheumatic diseases are immunized with one dose 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 0.5 ml i.m., followed by one dose 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine 0.5 ml i.m. after 8 weeks.
Brush whole mouth 2x/day with Parodontax toothpaste. This study treatment is currently marketed/sold in Poland.
INTRODUCTION: To be effective, pelvic floor muscle therapy (PFMT) exercises should be intense, be practiced consistently, and include clinical support. Many women do not adhere to a consistent PFMT program, compromising the resolution or prevention of urinary incontinence (UI). This study aimed to answer 2 key questions: What prevents women from performing PFMT long term, and what can health care providers do to support women to perform them?
METHODS: Postpartum women from 4 sites in the United States completed a questionnaire about experiences with PFMT or Kegel exercises during and after pregnancy. This study focused on one of the 7 open-ended questions: What would prevent you from performing Kegels lifelong? Thematic analysis was implemented via an inductive approach using Braun and Clarke's 6-phase process.
RESULTS: Three salient themes emerged that help explain factors that prevent women from adhering to a daily PFMT routine: (1) life gets in the way, (2) inadequate PFMT education and instruction, and (3) disconnect exists about long-term consequences. The sample included 368 participants.
DISCUSSION: The themes were congruent with the limited body of qualitative literature on experience with PFMT exercises. This study was able to identify areas of need in the US maternal health care system to help childbearing people adopt daily PFMT, such as (1) inadequate parental leave and childcare support, (2) no formalized education related to UI and PFMT and a lack of pelvic health promotion, (3) lacking prioritization of long-term PFMT, and (4) the need to dispel the acceptance that UI postbirth is normal. Health care providers should prioritize interactive education, emphasizing how to correctly perform PFMT and the importance and effectiveness of integrating clinical support. To adequately encompass pelvic floor health care and education up to one year postbirth, changes are needed to the US perinatal health care system, providing sufficient insurance reimbursement and parental social support programs.
Patients will receive 5 fractions of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT). Dose per fraction is 9Gy. Total Dose: 45 Gy. To escalate the dose of stereotactic radiotherapy to a tumoricidal dose without exceeding the maximum tolerated dose in patients with organ confined prostate cancer.
Both training groups will undergo inpatient physical therapy of the same duration and intensity. Group 1 will complete stair training wearing the Keeogo Exoskeleton in inpatient physical therapy.
The intervention group will go through the intervention programme (Ung Face IT) after T1 and randomisation. Programme takes 7 weeks to complete + Treatment as usual (local health care services). Questionnaires after the 7 weeks (T2) and after three months (T3) and 6 months (T4).
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the role of heat shock protein family E member 1 (HSPE1) in the metabolism of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells.
METHODS: Bioinformatics analysis was applied to examine the expression of HSPE1 in LUAD and its correlation with patient survival. Single-gene Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was conducted for HSPE1. LUAD cell lines or mouse models with up-regulated/down-regulated HSPE1 were constructed. The expression level of HSPE1 was detected by qRT-PCR or immunohistochemical staining. We used CCK-8 assay to measure cell viability and flow cytometry to detect apoptosis levels. Transwell assay was performed to evaluate migration and invasion characteristics. Extracellular Flux Analyzer was employed to detect oxygen consumption rate and extracellular acidification rate. Glucose consumption, adenosine triphosphate production, and lactate levels were measured by Reagent kits. Western blot analysis was conducted to examine the expression levels of GLUT1, HK2, and LDHA.
RESULTS: HSPE1 promoted proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities, and inhibited apoptosis of LUAD cells through the aerobic glycolysis pathway. Specifically, LUAD cells with HSPE1 knockdown exhibited significantly decreased proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities, along with an increased apoptosis rate. Additionally, the expression levels of aerobic glycolysis-related proteins HK2, LADH, and GLUT1 were downregulated, while their levels were increased in LUAD cells with high HSPE1 expression. Suppression of aerobic glycolysis by 2-DG attenuated the promoting effects of HSPE1 overexpression on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD cells. HSPE1 knockdown inhibited tumor growth and decreased expression levels of HK2, LADH, and GLUT1 in vivo.
CONCLUSION: HSPE1 regulated the proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD cells through the aerobic glycolysis pathway, thus facilitating malignant development of LUAD. The study suggested that HSPE1 could be useful as a therapeutic target for LUAD.
Deep Brain Stimulation can improve tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and axial symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease. Potentially, improving each symptom may require stimulation of different white matter tracts. Here, we study a large cohort of patients (N = 237 from five centers) to identify tracts associated with improvements in each of the four symptom domains. Tremor improvements were associated with stimulation of tracts connected to primary motor cortex and cerebellum. In contrast, axial symptoms are associated with stimulation of tracts connected to the supplementary motor cortex and brainstem. Bradykinesia and rigidity improvements are associated with the stimulation of tracts connected to the supplementary motor and premotor cortices, respectively. We introduce an algorithm that uses these symptom-response tracts to suggest optimal stimulation parameters for DBS based on individual patient's symptom profiles. Application of the algorithm illustrates that our symptom-tract library may bear potential in personalizing stimulation treatment based on the symptoms that are most burdensome in an individual patient.