anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Motivation for the study. It is unclear which variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome is mostly associated with adverse outcomes.
BACKGROUND: Main findings. Variants had longer time in MV (7.42 days longer), and hospitalization (3.11 days longer). By subgroups, we found that children with the axonal variant had a greater use of MV; whereas, the demyelinating variant was more frequent among adults in MV.
BACKGROUND: Implications. Our results could be used for the implementation of new public health policies, allowing health personnel to have a better knowledge of the prognosis of each variant and the necessary resources to face future outbreaks.
OBJECTIVES.: To determine the requirement and time to mechanical ventilation and Intensive Care Unit (ICU), hospitalization and hospitalization time, death and disability of the axonal variants of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) in comparison with the acute demyelinating variant in patients of all the ages.
MATERIALS AND METHODS.: The systematic review that included patients with GBS. The exposure variable was the axonal variants and the comparator was acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP). The outcomes were the requirement and time on mechanical ventilation (MV), requirement and time in the ICU, hospitalization time, disability and death. The NewCasttle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess risk of bias. A meta-analysis was conducted to calculate mean differences and relative risks (RR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI) using inverse variances and random effects models.
RESULTS.: Of the 3116 articles found, 46 met the selection criteria. The time on MV was 7.42 days (95% CI: 0.36 to 1.48) and the hospitalization time was 3.11 (95% CI: 0.73 to 5.49) days for the axonal variants. The axonal variants had a RR of 0.47 (95% CI: 0.24 to 0.92) for the requirement of MV in adults, but it was 1.68 (95% CI: 1.25 to 2.25) in children. There was a high statistical heterogeneity.
CONCLUSIONS.: Axonal variants showed, on average, longer MV and hospitalization time, overall and by subgroups. A high MV requirement was found for axonal variants in children; it was lower for adults.
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is widely used to establish various animal models, including models of acute lung injury, cardiomyocyte damage, and acute kidney injury. Currently, there is no consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of LPS-induced disease. We herein present a case series of four patients who developed dose-dependent multi-organ injury, including acute lung injury and acute kidney injury, after inhaling LPS gas in a sealed room. These patients exhibited varying degrees of multi-organ injury characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. One patient showed progressive symptoms even with active treatment, leading to mild pulmonary fibrosis. This study emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of significant LPS exposure and suggests personalized treatment approaches for managing LPS poisoning.
Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a common complication in surgical patients. While many interventions to prevent PND have been studied, the availability of treatment methods is limited. Thus, it is crucial to delve into the mechanisms of PND, pinpoint therapeutic targets, and develop effective treatment approaches. In this study, reduced dorsal tenia tecta (DTT) neuronal activity was found to be associated with tibial fracture surgery-induced PND, indicating that a neuronal excitation-inhibition (E-I) imbalance could contribute to PND. Optogenetics in the DTT brain region was conducted using upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with the ability to convert 808 nm near-infrared light to visible wavelengths, which triggered the activation of excitatory neurons with minimal damage in the DTT brain region, thus improving cognitive impairment symptoms in the PND model. Moreover, this noninvasive intervention to modulate E-I imbalance showed a positive influence on mouse behavior in the Morris water maze test, which demonstrates that UCNP-mediated optogenetics is a promising tool for the treatment of neurological imbalance disorders.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to substance prepared by fractionation of flower honey solution by crystallization in ice, incubation at 4-30 C for 3-30 days followed by clearing by filtration or centrifugation. Then substance is frozen up to ice formation and subjected for radiation treatment by dose of ionizing radiation 0.1-100 kGr. Invention ensures to enhance antiviral activity of preparation by 30%. EFFECT: improved method of preparing, enhanced antiviral activity. 4 tbl, 5 ex
Urticaria is induced by the histamine released from mast cells which develops wheals (edema) as a visual feature. In clinical practice, second-generation histamine H1 -receptor blockers are routinely used as the first-line symptomatic treatment for urticaria. Nevertheless, not much research has directly examined the second-generation histamine H1-receptor blockers' ability to reduce edema. In this study, we directly evaluated the anti-edematous activities of three second-generation histamine H1-receptor blockers available in the market (epinastine hydrochloride, cetirizine hydrochloride, and levocetirizine hydrochloride) using a λ-carrageenan-induced footpad edema model. One hour before the induction of edema with 1% λ -carrageenan injection, all second-generation histamine H1 -receptor blockers (5, 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg) were subcutaneously administered to rats. At 0.5 and 3 hours after λ -carrageenan administration, the edema volume was evaluated using a Plethysmometer. Epinastine hydrochloride significantly suppressed the edema growth in a dose-dependent manner. Cetirizine hydrochloride showed a slight anti-edematous effect, while levocetirizine significantly inhibited the development of edema in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, dextrocetirizine did not prevent edema from growing. In summary, second-generation histamine H1 -receptor blockers, at least those examined in this study, may be able to reduce the clinical symptoms of urticaria associated with edema. Levocetirizine hydrochloride is also anticipated to have stronger anti-edematous effects than cetirizine hydrochloride because levocetirizine is responsible for cetirizine's anti-edematous activity.
OBJECTIVE: Self-rated health (SRH) has been documented as an important predictor of quality of life among the elderly and its risk factors are vision-specific among elderly males. The aim of this study was to clarify vision-specific risk factors to SRH among elderly females without dementia in Chinese urban areas.
METHODS: From March to November 2012, 2147 elderly women in Liaoning Province of China were selected using a stratified sampling method. After cognitive screening, 1956 participants without dementia were finally enrolled. A questionnaire including SRH, visual ability and factors including demographic characteristics, physical conditions, lifestyle factors, social psychological status and social activities were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to clarify the association of SRH with risk factors, while stepwise multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the vision-specific associations with SRH.
RESULTS: The mean age was 73.6 ± 5.82 (mean ± SD). The percentages of good SRH in good and impaired visual ability groups were 36.2% and 24.4%, respectively. Most characteristics between elderly females with different visual abilities were significantly different. Visual ability had interactions with physical conditions, lifestyle factors and social activities to affect SRH. Among elderly females with good visual ability, depressive symptoms, rather than chronic disease had the strongest association with good SRH followed by marital status, regular diet, going out alone to distant places, taking a walk, smoking and alcohol consumption. In the impaired visual ability group, going out alone to distant places had the strongest association with good SRH followed by chronic disease, filial piety, taking a walk, participating in entertainment, ethnicity, quality of sleep, worrying about falling and alcohol consumption.
CONCLUSIONS: Good SRH status was at a low level especially among elderly females with impaired visual ability and the risk factors differed between elderly females with different visual abilities. Social psychological status was crucial for SRH among elderly females with good visual ability whereas physical conditions were prominent for impaired visual ability group.
Provided are: a balloon catheter that can effectively deliver a drug to biological tissue; a production method for the balloon catheter; and a treatment method. A balloon catheter 10 that has a balloon 12 at a tip part of a catheter shaft 11. A plurality of long bodies 33 that are independent crystals of a water-insoluble drug and that extend along the long axes thereof are provided to the surface of the balloon 12. When deflated, the balloon 12 has a plurality of circumferential direction blade parts 40 and a circumferential surface part 41 that follows the circumferential direction of the catheter shaft 11. The blade parts 40 are folded up in the circumferential direction of the balloon 12. A surface of the circumferential surface part 41 that faces the folded-up blade parts 40 has a region in which tip parts of the long bodies 33 do not contact the surface of the balloon 12 and do not contact other long bodies 33. A surface of the folded-up blade parts 40 that faces the outer circumferential side has a region in which the tip parts of the long bodies 33 contact the surface of the balloon 12 or contact other long bodies 33.
Embryoscopy will be evaluated in women with at least two previous miscarriages, after confirmation of missed abortion by ultrasound. Embryoscopy will only be performed in patients in whom curettage is clinically indicated, and will only be added to the D\&C if there is a possibility of visualizing embryonic tissue, i:e. from approximately 5½ weeks onwards when there is an embryonic pole detected on ultrasound.
Salivary, serum and GCF ANXA1, ANXA2 and IL-1beta observation Saliva, serum and GCF samples obtained for each patient were used for cytokine analysis. Prepared samples were analyzed for ANXA1, ANXA2 and IL-1beta using commercial ELISA kits (Elabscience, Houston, Texas, USA and Bioaasay Technology Laboratory (BT-Lab), Shanghai, China, respectively) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Surufatinib 250mg will be taken orally once daily continuously through a 21-day cycle of study treatment. Toripalimab 240mg will be intravenously administered on Day 1 of each cycle.
Japan has a particularly critical situation surrounding its collapsed HPV vaccination program for preventing HPV-caused cervical cancers, a problem exacerbated by the lack of a national immunization database. We have determined the year-to-year HPV vaccination uptake by Japanese females and analyzed by birth fiscal year (FY) the monthly number of people receiving initial HPV vaccination. Our analysis covers the period from the start of public subsidies in 2010 to September 2023, using data provided by local governments. We calculated the cumulative number of monthly immunizations for those unimmunized as of April (the beginning of each vaccination year). The monthly number of initial HPV vaccinations was highest in August for every FY from FY 2010 to FY 2023; a second vaccination peak tended to occur in March when the vaccination year ended. The highest number of August vaccinations occurred in FY 2011, followed (in order) by 2012, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2013. In Japan's ongoing catch-up vaccination program for young women, the monthly number of vaccinations increased in August 2022 but then slowed the following year. After FY 2021, the cumulative vaccination coverage of subjects unvaccinated at the beginning of the vaccination year but subsequently covered by routine immunizations was slightly improved. FY 2021 was when the governmental recommendations for HPV vaccination were resumed. More recent vaccination rates are considerably lower than those in FY 2011-2012 when vaccinations were first fully endorsed. Paralyzing HPV vaccination hesitancy, which began in FY 2013, will linger in Japan in FY 2024.
Current research on tumor fibrosis has focused on cancer-associated fibroblasts, which may exert dual functions of tumor promotion and inhibition. Little attention has been paid to whether tumor cells themselves can undergo fibrotic transformation and whether they can inhibit parenchymal cells similar to pulmonary fibrosis, thus achieving the goal of inhibiting the malignant progression of tumors. To explore the significance of inducing tumor fibrosis for cancer treatment. This study utilizes mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) loaded with Trehalose dimycolate (TDM) to induce tumor cell fibrosis through the dual effects of TDM-induced inflammatory granuloma and MSN-induced foreign body granuloma. The results show that TDM/MSN (TM) can effectively induce tumor fibrosis, manifested specifically by collagen internalization, and suppression of proliferation and invasion capabilities, suggesting the potential role of tumor fibrosis therapy. However, further investigation reveals that extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) mediates resistance to fibrosis induction. To comprehensively enhance the efficacy, WRN exonuclease is conjugated to TM to form new nanoparticles (TMW) capable of effectively eliminating ecDNA, globally promoting tumor cell fibroblast-like transformation, and validated in a PDX model to inhibit cancer progression. Therefore, TMW, through inducing tumor cell fibrosis to inhibit its malignant progression, holds great potential as a clinical treatment strategy.
Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) remains a major and serious problem after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). In its presence, pancreatic juice may leak from the main duct or branches of the pancreatic stump. To prevent this, we have applied a newly modified anastomosis of pancreaticogastrostomy (PG) using a linear stapler (stapled PG). Clinical records of 30 consecutive patients who underwent PD were reviewed between 2013 and 2023 at our community hospital. Regarding procedures, 12 stapled PGs and eighteen pancreaticojejunostomies (PJs) were performed after PD, from 2018 to 2023 and from 2013 to 2017, respectively. The pancreas was transected for long compression by a linear stapler, involving: pre-compression for 5 min, stapling for 5 min, and dissection for 5 min. After removal of the staples at the main duct opening of the pancreatic stump, PG anastomosis was performed. The outer layer was anastomosed by a straight single row pancreas-transfixing suture with the posterior gastric wall, and inner layer duct-to-mucosa anastomosis was also performed in a radial axis manner. Anastomosis of PJ was conducted without using a linear stapler. POPF was defined as a clinical manifestation of POPF (grade B/C) based on the ISGPF (International Study Group of Pancreatic Fistula) criteria. None of the 12 patients who had undergone stapled PG developed clinically relevant POPF, whereas 5 (27%) patients who had received PJ developed POPF. Three patients showed POPF grade B and 2 patients exhibited POPF grade C. Stapled PG after PD may reduce clinically relevant POPF. Because our sample size was small, the further accumulation of cases is required to validate this method.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The Levodopa in EArly Parkinson's disease study showed no effect of earlier versus later levodopa initiation on Parkinson's disease (PD) progression over 80 weeks. We now report the effects over 5 years.
METHODS: The Levodopa in EArly Parkinson's disease study randomly assigned patients to levodopa/carbidopa 300/75 mg daily for 80 weeks (early start) or to placebo for 40 weeks followed by levodopa/carbidopa 300/75 mg daily for 40 weeks (delayed start). Follow-up visits were performed 3 and 5 years after baseline. We assessed the between-group differences in terms of square root transformed total Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale score at 3 and 5 years with linear regression. We compared the prevalence of dyskinesia, prevalence of wearing off, and the levodopa equivalent daily dose.
RESULTS: A total of 321 patients completed the 5-year visit. The adjusted square root transformed total Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale did not differ between treatment groups at 3 (estimated difference, 0.17; standard error, 0.13; P = 0.18) and 5 years (estimated difference, 0.24; standard error, 0.13; P = 0.07). At 5 years, 46 of 160 patients in the early-start group and 62 of 161 patients in the delayed-start group experienced dyskinesia (P = 0.06). The prevalence of wearing off and the levodopa equivalent daily dose were not significantly different between groups.
CONCLUSIONS: We did not find a difference in disease progression or in prevalence of motor complications between patients with early PD starting treatment with a low dose of levodopa 40 weeks earlier versus 40 weeks later over the subsequent 5 years. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold immense potential as multipotent stem cells and serve as a primary source of adipocytes. The process of MSC adipogenesis plays a crucial role in maintaining systemic metabolic homeostasis and has garnered significant attention in tissue bioengineering. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent RNA modification, is known to regulate cell fate and disease. However, the precise involvement of m6A readers in MSC adipogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the impact of IGF2BP3, a prominent m6A reader, on MSC adipogenesis. Our findings revealed a decrease in IGF2BP3 expression during the natural adipogenic differentiation of MSCs. Furthermore, IGF2BP3 was found to repress MSC adipogenesis by augmenting the levels of MYLK, a calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase. Mechanistically, IGF2BP3 interacted with MYLK mRNA in an m6A-dependent manner, extending its half-life and subsequently inhibiting the phosphorylation of the ERK1/2 pathway, thereby impeding the adipogenic differentiation of MSCs. Additionally, we successfully achieved the overexpression of IGF2BP3 through intraperitoneal injection of adeno-associated virus serotype Rec2, which specifically targeted adipose tissue. This intervention resulted in reduced body weight and improved insulin resistance in high-fat diet mice. Overall, our study provides novel insights into the role of IGF2BP3 in MSC adipogenesis, shedding light on adipocyte-related disorders and presenting potential targets for related biomedical applications.
The patients in this group will receive complete dentures fabricated by 3D printing ( three dimension) method. and they will receive soft lining of the complete dentures after one year.
BACKGROUND: Heart failure is a rare manifestation of metastatic disease of the carcinoma of an unknown primary, malignancy that requires extensive work-up to identify the primary site. Initial consideration of rare etiologies in patients presented with a common clinical syndrome is challenging.
CASE PRESENTATION: A 35-year-old Black woman presented with shortness of breath at rest, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, chest pain, a blood-tinged productive cough, and fever for 2 weeks. She also had progressive body swelling, easy fatigability, loss of appetite, and abdominal pain during the same week's duration. Body imaging revealed large pleural and pericardial effusions, metastatic liver lesions, and bilateral pulmonary vascular segmental and subsegmental filling defects. Pericardial and pleural fluid cytology suggest malignant effusion. Liver lesions and core needle biopsy indicated adenocarcinoma of unknown origin, and the carcinoembryonic antigen level also increased significantly.
CONCLUSION: Carcinoma of unknown primary origin commonly presents in an advanced stage and is often accompanied by clinical features of site metastasis. This case highlights heart failure as an unusual first manifestation of adenocarcinoma with an unknown primary origin.
BACKGROUND: Malignant esophageal fistula (MEF), which occurs in 5% to 15% of esophageal cancer (EC) patients, has a poor prognosis. Accurate identification of esophageal cancer patients at high risk of MEF is challenging. The goal of this study was to build and validate a model to predict the occurrence of esophageal fistula in EC patients.
METHODS: This study retrospectively enrolled 122 esophageal cancer patients treated by chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy (53 with fistula, 69 without), and all patients were randomly assigned to a training (n = 86) and a validation (n = 36) cohort. Radiomic features were extracted from pre-treatment CTs, clinically predictors were identified by logistic regression analysis. Lasso regression model was used for feature selection, and radiomics signature building. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to develop the clinical nomogram, radiomics-clinical nomogram and radiomics prediction model. The models were validated and compared by discrimination, calibration, reclassification, and clinical benefit.
RESULTS: The radiomic signature consisting of ten selected features, was significantly associated with esophageal fistula (P = 0.001). Radiomics-clinical nomogram was created by two predictors including radiomics signature and stenosis, which was identified by logistic regression analysis. The model showed good discrimination with an AUC = 0.782 (95% CI 0.684-0.8796) in the training set and 0.867 (95% CI 0.7461-0.987) in the validation set, with an AIC = 101.1, and good calibration. When compared to the clinical prediction model, the radiomics-clinical nomogram improved NRI by 0.236 (95% CI 0.153, 0.614) and IDI by 0.125 (95% CI 0.040, 0.210), P = 0.004.
CONCLUSION: We developed and validated the first radiomics-clinical nomogram for malignant esophageal fistula, which could assist clinicians in identifying patients at high risk of MEF.
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders is a common postoperative complication in elderly surgical patients, especially in gastrointestinal tumors and cardiac on-pump surgery, and the mechanism is not clear yet. The role of gut microbiota in cognitive function has been concerned in recent years, and the applicant's previous study also found significant differences in the composition of gut microbiota and metabolites in elderly orthopedic surgical patients with postoperative cognitive dysfunction compared with the control group, and that the differential metabolites were mainly enriched in the metabolic pathway of protein digestion and absorption. Studies suggests that gastrointestinal surgery may affect the gut microbiota, and the effect varies between surgical procedures. The incidence of proximal gastric cancer is increasing. In order to prevent severe gastroesophageal reflux, total gastrectomy is mostly performed. However, after total gastrectomy, food directly enters into the intestine, followed by insufficient mixing of gastric acid and food. Patients are prone to nutrient absorption disorders, which may cause changes in gut microbiota. The double-tract reconstruction allows food to enter the distal gastrointestinal tract via two pathways, successfully solving the problems of gastroesophageal reflux, gastroparesis, and long-term nutritional disorders in patients after proximal gastrectomy. In this study, the investigators aim to investigate the effect of gastric acid on the gut microbiota colonizing, and the effect of different surgical procedures on the postoperative cognitive function of proximal gastric cancer patients. The investigators will compare the differences of gut microbiota between total gastrectomy and double-tract reconstruction by 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene sequencing and metabonomics technology, and evaluate the postoperative cognitive function by Mini-mental State Examination scales and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scales.