anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Background: Early childhood weight trajectory is associated with future risk for obesity. However, little is known about the association of birth weight and weight trajectories before age 5.5 years with severe adult obesity. Methods: This study used a nested case-control design of 785 matched sets of cases and controls matched 1:1 on age and gender from a 1976 to 1982 birth cohort in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Cases with severe adult obesity were defined as individuals with a BMI ≥40 kg/m2 after 18 years of age. There were 737 matched sets of cases and controls for the trajectory analysis. Weight and height data from birth through 5.5 years were abstracted from the medical records, and weight-for-age percentiles were obtained from the CDC growth charts. Results: A two-cluster weight-for-age trajectory solution was identified as optimal, with cluster 1 having higher weight-for-age before age 5.5 years. While there was no association between birth weight and severe adult obesity, the odds of being in cluster 1, which includes children with higher weight-for-age percentiles, was significantly increased for cases compared with controls [odds ratio (OR) 1.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.60-2.47]. The association between cluster membership and case-control status persisted after adjusting for maternal age and education (adjusted OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.66-2.61). Conclusions: Our data suggest that early childhood weight-for-age trajectories are associated with severe obesity status in adult life. Our results add to growing evidence that it is critical to prevent excess early childhood weight gain.
A computer that determines at least an anatomic feature of a left atrial appendage (LAA) is described. During operation, the computer generates a 3D image associated with an individual's heart. This 3D image may present a view along a perpendicular direction to an opening of the LAA. Then, the computer may receive information specifying a set of reference locations. For example, the set of reference locations may include: a location on a circumflex artery, a location between a superior portion of the LAA and a left pulmonary vein, and/or a location on a superior wall of the LAA and distal to trabeculae carneae. Next, the computer automatically determines, based, at least in part, on the set of reference locations, at least the anatomical feature of the LAA, which is associated with the opening of the LAA and a size of a device used in an LAA closure (LAAC) procedure.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide food and drink useful for promoting fat combustion, enhancing basal metabolism and improving obesity, when ingested.  <P>SOLUTION: The food and drink contain hydroxycitric acid or its salt, and carnitine or its salt, and/or a precursor thereof. The precursor of the cartinine contained in the food and drink comprises any one of lysine or its salt and methionine, or both of the lysine or its salt and the methionine. The food and drink further contain coenzyme Q10. Thus, the food and drink are useful for promoting the fat combustion, and/or enhancing the basal metabolism and/or improving the obesity.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI
The skin cancer is a major public health problem whose incidence is increasing due to the aging population. Among them, basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a daily concern the dermatologist. The recommendation of good practice for the BCC of support has been established according to French agency methodology in 2004 : "Agence Nationale d'Accréditation et d'Evaluation en Santé" (ANAES). This classification is based on clinical and pathological use of sometimes mismatched terminology pretending to clinical reality with discrepancies between the clinical appearance and histology. On the other hand the simplified classification of recommendations has never been tested and validated on a large series of BCC. Probabilistic margins applied based on clinical assessment of clinical and pathological subtype, it seems interesting to evaluate the consistency of the initial clinical diagnosis and histological diagnosis and to explore its prognostic impact in terms of risk of recurrence.

This study could lead to improved clinical and pathological classification and allow amending the current recommendations of the surgical management of the BCC.
A woman in her 20s presented with haematemesis, post-prandial abdominal pain, weight loss and anaemia. Imaging revealed a non-enhancing mass in the retroperitoneal space along the mesenteric plane, encasing the porto-mesenteric vasculature. Endoscopy showed oesophageal varices. She was diagnosed with sclerosing mesenteritis, causing extrinsic compression of the portal vein and superior mesenteric artery. She underwent endoscopic variceal ligation and received prednisolone and tamoxifen. After 3 months, her post-prandial pain improved, and she did not have further bleeding episodes.
In clinical pharmacology studies using single-dose tadalafil (5 to 10 mg), tadalafil exposure (AUC) doubled in subjects with creatinine clearance 30 to 80 mL/min. In subjects with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis, there was a two-fold increase in Cmax and 2.7- to 4.8-fold increase in AUC following single-dose administration of 10 or 20 mg tadalafil. Exposure to total methylcatechol (unconjugated plus glucuronide) was 2- to 4-fold higher in subjects with renal impairment, compared to those with normal renal function. Hemodialysis (performed between 24 and 30 hours post-dose) contributed negligibly to tadalafil or metabolite elimination. In a clinical pharmacology study (N=28) at a dose of 10 mg, back pain was reported as a limiting adverse event in male patients with creatinine clearance 30 to 50 mL/min. At a dose of 5 mg, the incidence and severity of back pain was not significantly different than in the general population. In patients on hemodialysis taking 10 mg or 20 mg tadalafil, there were no reported cases of back pain [see Dosage and Administration  (2.6) and Warnings and Precautions (5.7)].
BACKGROUND: Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) is a sporadic neurodegenerative disease without a clear geographic prevalence. Cohorts studied in the UK and India showed no higher prevalence of atypical parkinsonism in South Asian patients. We describe the ethnic and racial background of PSP patients in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), Canada.
METHODS: A prospective observational study of patients with clinically probable PSP evaluated at the dedicated Rossy PSP program. Demographic and clinical data were collected at baseline including PSP phenotype. Results were compared with the latest demographic information from the greater Toronto area.
RESULTS: Of the 197 patients screened, 135 had probable PSP and resided within the GTA. The mean age at visit was 71.1 years, disease duration 4.4 years, and disease severity moderate. Compared to our catchment area, there was a higher proportion of patients with a South Asian origin and a lower proportion of patients from East and Southeastern Asia and Africa. A secondary analysis using population census data limited to individuals greater than 65 confirmed the significantly higher representation of South Asians in our clinic but found no differences for other racial and ethnic origins.
CONCLUSION: Evaluation of this Toronto cohort found a greater than expected proportion of affected individuals with South Asian ethnic and racial origin. Despite limitations, our results suggest the possibility of a racial and ethnic predisposition to PSP. Further studies are needed to confirm and to address potential associated risk factors, and genome-environmental interactions.
A method of screening a drug by using a protein and a compound obtained by this screening method. A compound or its salt inhibiting the activity or expression of the above-described protein, a neutralizing antibody against the protein, a polynucleotide complementary to a polynucleotide encoding the protein, etc. are usable as preventives and/or remedies for neurodegenerative diseases and so on. A compound or its salt enhancing the activity or expression of the above-described protein, the protein or its partial peptide, a polynucleotide encoding the protein, etc. are usable as preventives and/or remedies for cancer and so on. Furthermore, the above-described protein is useful as a reagent for screening a compound inhibiting or enhancing the activity of the protein.
FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to functional diagnostics and gastroenterology, and can be used for differential diagnosis of organic and functional changes of sphincter of Oddi. That is ensured by direct measurement of pressure in the bile ducts, which is measured before and after four successive infusions of contrast agent 50 % p-p of Ultravist with strictly preset rate and volume, and subsequent calculation of pressure gradient: 4 ml/min for 5 minutes; 8 ml/min – 5 min; 15 ml/min – 3 min; 20 ml/min – 2 minutes. If the initial pressure is higher than 200 mm of water column before the test, the result of the test is considered to be negative and further analysis is not carried out. If intra-lateral pressure gradient exceeds 200 mm of water column during more than one infusion, test result is also considered to be negative. If the pressure gradient after introduction of the solution does not exceed 200 mm of water column, the result of the test is considered to be positive. In case of positive result of direct measurement of pressure in bile ducts, a pharmacological test is additionally carried out by administering 20 mg of buscopan or 5 mg of platiphyllin with subsequent repeated testing in 60 minutes according to above described sequence at threshold level of pressure gradient of 150 mm of water column. If observing stable manometry results accompanying spasmolytics introduction, organic involvement of bile ducts is diagnosed. If the manometry results change taking into account the threshold level of the pressure gradient of 150 mm of water column in response to the introduction of antispasmodic, dyskinesia of bile ducts is diagnosed.EFFECT: method provides optimizing the choice of therapeutic approach to the patients in this category.1 cl, 2 ex
The study will plan to recruit 50 volunteers who will be randomized to receive Placebo A (B/F/TAF) or Placebo B (DTG/ABC/3TC). Randomization will ensure that the patients will have equal opportunity to try either placebo tablet first to avoid bias. Randomization will be done by an investigator not evaluating or providing the questionnaires to the patient. Participants will complete a questionnaire regarding what medications they take and what factors they consider affect their ease to swallow pills or tablets. The participants will be administered one of the placebo tablet with the research investigator present and will complete a questionnaire immediately following the first placebo dose. A study timeout for 15-30 minutes will be done following completion of the questionnaires. After which, participants will take the second placebo tablet and complete the final questionnaires.

The primary comparison will be between the placebo tablets A and B for tolerability, ease of swallow and participant preference. The investigators estimate that the sample size needed to detect a difference of at least 1 point in a 5 point Likert scale will be 50 patients with a standard deviation of 2 points, with \>90% power.
Embodiments of the disclosed system calculate a single score ("SDIS") for dietary intake over a period of time. In one embodiment, the single score is an indication of whether a subset of measurable nutrients (determined to be indicative of nutritional health) and energy consumed are within a healthy range that is specific to a user. Embodiments of the disclosed system determine whether each nutrient consumed falls within a healthy range. This range may be calculated by, for example, using a plurality of possible minimum intake values and an upper limit (if one exists) for each nutrient. Similarly, the system determines whether the energy consumed falls within a healthy range. The averaged nutrient score is then multiplied by an energy score to arrive at the final score. In an embodiment, the system particularly emphasizes the impact of the energy score treated as a multiplier rather than as a nutrient.
CHOP regimen Treatment Arm A (CHOP): cyclophosphamide(C), 750mg/m2 for injection on day1; doxorubicin(H), 50 mg/m 2 for injection on day1; and Vincristine(O), 1.4 mg/ m2 for injection on day1, prednisone(P) 60 mg/m2 orally on days 1 to 5. The therapy was repeated every 21 days for a total of 6 cycles.
Placebo matching BI 1595043. Patients included in the placebo arm corresponding to dose group 3, also received Midazolam.
Acute inflammation is a rapid and dynamic process involving the recruitment and activation of multiple cell types in a coordinated and precise manner. Here, we investigate the origin and transcriptional reprogramming of monocytes using a model of acute inflammation, zymosan-induced peritonitis. Monocyte trafficking and adoptive transfer experiments confirmed that monocytes undergo rapid phenotypic change as they exit the blood and give rise to monocyte-derived macrophages that persist during the resolution of inflammation. Single-cell transcriptomics revealed significant heterogeneity within the surface marker-defined CD11b+Ly6G-Ly6Chi monocyte populations within the blood and at the site of inflammation. We show that two major transcriptional reprogramming events occur during the initial six hours of Ly6Chi monocyte mobilisation, one in the blood priming monocytes for migration and a second at the site of inflammation. Pathway analysis revealed an important role for oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) during both these reprogramming events. Experimentally, we demonstrate that OxPhos via the intact mitochondrial electron transport chain is essential for murine and human monocyte chemotaxis. Moreover, OxPhos is needed for monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and macrophage M(IL-4) polarisation. These new findings from transcriptional profiling open up the possibility that shifting monocyte metabolic capacity towards OxPhos could facilitate enhanced macrophage M2-like polarisation to aid inflammation resolution and tissue repair.
This is an open-label, randomized, single-dose, crossover trial in healthy volunteers. Crossover means that participants may receive different interventions sequentially during the trial. Randomized means that you will be assigned to a treatment sequence by chance, like flipping a coin. Open-label means that you and your physician will know what treatment you will receive. The study will consist of 3 phases: a screening phase, a treatment phase and a follow-up phase. Total study duration for an individual participant will be up to 6 or 7 weeks. Once found eligible after the screening phase, participants will take part in one of the two parts of the treatment phase. In the first part, a group of 24 participants will receive two treatment sessions, A and B. The order in which the treatments are given will be determined by chance. Treatment A is a single dose of TMC345 as one formulation (1 capsule). Treatment B is a single dose of TMC435 as another formulation (1 other type of capsule). Both treatments will be taken without food. In between the 2 sessions, there will be at least 7 days. In the second part, another group of 24 participants will receive 3 treatment sessions, C, D, and E. The order in which these treatments are given will be determined by chance. All 3 treatments will consist of a single dose of TMC435 as one of the 2 formulations given in the first part. In Treatment C this will be given without food, in Treatment D with a standardized breakfast and in Treatment E with a high-fat breakfast. In between the sessions, there will be at least 7 days. For all treatment sessions, participants will enter the study center the day before dosing and will remain there until the evening of the day after. The 3 following mornings, participants will come back to the study center. Five to 7 days after dosing, participants will have a last follow-up visit at the study center (follow-up phase). During the study, safety will be monitored, and during the treatment phase, at specified timepoints, blood samples will be taken for pharmacokinetic evalutions (effect of the body on the drug). In every treatment session, a single oral 150 mg TMC435 capsule will be given. One formulation will be a gelatin capsule. The other formulation will be a hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) capsule.
OBJECTIVES: There is currently conflicting data as to the effects of hypercapnia on clinical outcomes among mechanically ventilated patients in the emergency department (ED). These conflicting results may be explained by the degree of acidosis. We sought to test the hypothesis that hypercapnia is associated with increased in-hospital mortality and decreased ventilator-free days at lower pH, but associated with decreased in-hospital mortality and increased ventilator-free days at higher pH, among patients requiring mechanical ventilation in the emergency department (ED).
METHODS: Secondary analysis of patient level data from prior clinical trials and cohort studies that enrolled adult patients who required mechanical ventilation in the ED. Patients who had a documented blood gas while on mechanical ventilation in the ED were included in these analyses. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, and secondary outcome was ventilator-free days. Mixed-effects logistic, linear, and survival-time regression models were used to test if pH modified the association between partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and outcome measures.
RESULTS: Of the 2348 subjects included, the median [interquartile range (IQR)] pCO2 was 43 (35-54) and pH was 7.31 (7.22-7.39). Overall, in-hospital mortality was 27%. We found pH modified the association between pCO2 and outcomes, with higher pCO2 associated with increased probability of in-hospital mortality when pH is below 7.00, and decreased probability of in-hospital mortality when pH is above 7.10. These results remained consistent across multiple sensitivity and subgroup analyses. A similar relationship was found with ventilator-free days.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher pCO2 is associated with decreased mortality and greater ventilator-free days when pH is >7.10; however, it is associated with increased mortality and fewer ventilator-free days when the pH is below 7.00. Targeting pCO2 based on pH in the ED may be a potential intervention target for future clinical trials to improve clinical outcomes.
BACKGROUND: One of the main goals of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is targeting an adequate mean arterial pressure (MAP) during heart surgery, in order to maintain appropriate perfusion pressures in all end-organs. As inheritance of early studies, a value of 50-60 mmHg has been historically accepted as the "gold standard" MAP. However, in the last decades, the CPB management has remarkably changed, thanks to the evolution of technology and the availability of new biomaterials. Therefore, as highlighted by the latest European Guidelines, the current management of CPB can no longer refer to those pioneering studies. To date, only few single-centre studies have compared different strategies of MAP management during CPB, but with contradictory findings and without achieving a real consensus. Therefore, what should be the ideal strategy of MAP management during CPB is still on debate. This trial is the first multicentre, randomized, controlled study which compares three different strategies of MAP management during the CPB.
METHODS: We described herein the methodology of a multicentre, randomized, controlled trial comparing three different approaches to MAP management during CPB in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery: the historically accepted "standard MAP" (50-60 mmHg), the "high MAP" (70-80 mmHg) and the "patient-tailored MAP" (comparable to the patient's preoperative MAP). It is the aim of the study to find the most suitable management in order to obtain the most adequate perfusion of end-organs during cardiac surgery. For this purpose, the primary endpoint will be the peak of serum lactate (Lmax) released during CPB, as index of tissue hypoxia. The secondary outcomes will include all the intraoperative parameters of tissue oxygenation and major postoperative complications related to organ malperfusion.
DISCUSSION: This trial will assess the best strategy to target the MAP during CPB, thus further improving the outcomes of cardiac surgery.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT05740397 (retrospectively registered; 22/02/2023).
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a preparation for external use for skin having a preventing.improving effect not only on roughened skin of a healthy person or a person whose skin is susceptible to chapping but also on roughened skin symptom caused by various skin diseases such as cutaneous sensitization, psoriasis, etc., by formulating acid decomposition product of a specific polysaccharide. SOLUTION: An acid decomposition product of inulin is used. Chicory, sunchoke, burdock, elecampane, carduus, acetabularia, etc., are used as the raw material of inulin, especially the root of chicory is preferred. The acid decomposition product of the inulin is obtained, for example, by adding a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, etc., to an inulin and allowing to acidify the inulin, etc. The preferable formulating amount of the inulin acid decomposition product is >=0.005wt.% and <=20.0wt.% of the preparation for external use for skin based on dried material. A UV absorber, a humectant, vitamins, anti-inflammatory agent, astringent drug, refrigerant, etc., are preferably formulated in this preparation for external use for skin.
Variceal hemorrhage occurs in 25 to 35 % of patients with cirrhosis and accounts for 80 to 90% of bleeding episodes in these patients. Around 25-30 percent of patients develop hepatic encephalopathy. Development of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with gastrointestinal bleed can cause increase morbidity with higher hospital costs in these patients. To date no randomized trial has been done in terms of prevention of encephalopathy in gastrointestinal hemorrhage. One trial has compared lactulose in combination with antibiotic against mannite, showed equal efficacy in both groups. No study has been done evaluate the efficacy of lactulose in prevention of encephalopathy in these patients.

We hypothesize that prophylactic use of Lactulose decreases the risk of development of hepatic encephalopathy with upper GI bleed in cirrhotics.