anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Chronic back pain remains one of the most common and challenging public health problems in the U.S.. Although the amount of money spent on back pain treatments has increased substantially over the past decade in the U.S., the health and functional status of persons suffering from back pain has deteriorated. There is a clear need to identify safe, effective, and cost-effective treatment options for this often debilitating and expensive problem. Some of the more promising treatments for chronic back pain include "mind-body" therapies that address both psychological and somatic aspects of the pain experience. This randomized trial will compare the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), a well-established but inadequately-studied CAM mind-body therapy, with usual care for persons with chronic low back pain and dysfunction. This trial will also compare MBSR with a conventional mind-body therapy, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), which has been found to be a modestly to moderately effective treatment for chronic back pain. Should MBSR and/or CBT prove effective in this trial, the mechanisms (mediators) of the effects of these two different mind-body therapies on pain and dysfunction will be explored. Because CBT aims to alter patients' cognitive and behavioral responses to pain, whereas MBSR focuses on direct present moment experience and not on changing the thoughts or feelings about such experience, these two therapies are hypothesized to operate by different mechanisms. A total of 342 adults aged 20 through 70 years who have moderately to severely disabling chronic back pain will be recruited and randomized in equal proportions to MBSR, CBT, and treatment as usual (usual care). Both the MBSR and CBT interventions will be provided to groups of up to 15 participants once a week for 8 weeks. The primary outcomes will be back pain-related functional limitations (Roland scale) and pain bothersomeness (rated on a 0-10 scale). Secondary outcomes include depression, anxiety, perceived stress, pain interference with activities, and sleep disturbance. Outcomes will be measured 4, 8, 26, and 52 weeks after randomization. If MBSR is at least moderately more effective than usual care, this safe and relatively inexpensive therapy would provide an appealing treatment option for chronic back pain that could be made more widely available. Because of the high prevalence and costs of chronic back pain, treatments with even modest impact on pain and function could produce a large benefit on a population level.
In the last twenty years, residual curarization in PACU (Post Anesthesia Care Unit) has become a common problem in clinical practice and poses high risk to patients. The residual curarization incidence of Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBA) varies very much between different studies. These differences indicates the necessity of further study. In China, there is no common view of the harmfulness of residual curarization and its complications. The consensus on the necessity of neuromuscular transmission monitoring and neuromuscular blockade antagonist has not been reached yet. There is also no similar large-scale survey in China. In this case, the investigators conduct this large scale multicentre study, which is designed to learn the incidence of residual curarization and its complications. Further analysis of risk factors will also been made. All these efforts are hoped to fill the data gap and provide reliable evidences for rational use of NMBA.
The study will utilize a dose escalation study design with three patients at 20 million MSCs, three patients at 100 million MSC, and three patients at 200 million MSC to identify dose for Phase II. Prespecified DSMB review after each dose cohort of the Phase I, before moving to higher dose.
Percutaneous femoral access is the preferred access route for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The majority of experienced TAVR centers use two 6F Perclose ProGlide™ devices to close the primary vascular access site, deployed prior to upsizing sheath size with closure completed at the end of the case (the double "preclose" approach). A strategy of utilizing a single Perclose device to preclose may have advantages including fewer complications, complexity, and cost, but the safety of this is unknown. This study examines in the safety and efficacy of using a single Perclose escalation technique (SPET) using a single Perclose Proglide device to preclose and the need for a rescue device based on a control angiography at the end of the procedure, with a 6F femoral sheath. The use of Femoseal in mild bleedings, and a second Perclose Proglide for moderate to severe bleedings. Compare this SPET technique with double Preclose technique, with two historical cohorts of patients. One cohort of patients with SPET technique since started this technique, and a second cohort with double perclose technique prior to starting SPET technique.
The majority of melanocytic proliferations can be readily categorized as benign or malignant based on histologic assessment under the microscope by a trained dermatopathologist. However, a subset of lesions, termed Atypical Melanocytic Proliferations (AMPs), are histologically ambiguous, leading to possible diagnostic error and suboptimal treatment. Mutations in the promoter region of the catalytic subunit of telomerase, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), are commonly found in melanomas but are rare in melanocytic nevi. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of hot spot TERT promoter (TERT-p) mutations in AMPs with adverse melanoma-specific outcome. Studies were approved by respective institutional review boards. Using a multi-center database, we identified seven cases of melanocytic proliferations with a clinical follow-up period of at least 4 years, which were initially diagnosed as AMPs, and which recurred either as melanoma at site of prior biopsy or as metastatic melanoma. Sequencing of the TERT-p region showed hotspot mutations in three cases (43 %), suggesting that TERT-p mutations are enriched and could aid in the identification of AMPs with adverse outcome. In comparison with existing ancillary techniques for prognostication of AMPs, TERT-p mutation analysis may have advantages in terms of cost effectiveness and turnaround time, and is a promising diagnostic parameter with potential widespread utility.
Sphingomonas paucimobilis is a rare cause of bacteremia. It can affect both healthy and immunocompromised individuals. Community acquired infections of this organism are more common than nosocomial ones. We report two cases of community acquired S. paucimobilis bacteremia-one in a healthy patient and other in a diabetic patient. Both presented with multiple episodes of loose stools, pain abdomen, vomiting, decreased oral intake and myalgia. They responded well to Cefipime 1g and Sulbactam 500mg combination antibiotic and were discharged satisfactorily. In the absence of standardized guidelines, antibiotic sensitivity guided case-to-case therapy is warranted with prompt initiation to prevent complications.
The split-thickness skin graft (STSG) donor site is the commonest used during burn surgery which has its own complications and as such the focus should be on minimizing it. Modifications to practice in our unit which we believe aid this include limiting the amount of STSG taken and the harvest of super-thin STSGs, with 0.003-0.005 in. (0.08-0.13 mm) being the commonest dermatome settings used. A patient-reported survey via a mobile phone link to a questionnaire was sent to 250 patients who had a STSG for an acute burn between 1st August 2020 and 31st July 2021. Patient demographics were collected from electronic records including the thickness of the FTSG taken when recorded. Patient responses were statistically analyzed and logistic regression with backwards elimination was performed to explore which contributing factors led to an improved experience of the donor site. Questionnaire responses were obtained from 107 patients (43%). These were between one and two and a half years after the injury. Concerning early donor site issues, itch was a problem for 52% of patients, pain was a problem for 48% of patients. Less common problems (fewer than 25% of patients) were leaking donor sites, wound breakdown, and over-granulation. Regarding long-term outcomes, increased, decreased or mixed pigmentation at the donor site was reported by 32% patients at the time of the survey. Hyper-vascular donor sites were reported by 24% patients. Raised or uneven feeling donor sites were reported by 19% patients, firm or stiff donor sites by 13% patients, and altered sensation by 10% patients. At the time of the survey, 70% responders reported their donor site looked "the same or about the same as my normal skin". Of these, 62 reported how long it took for this to happen, and it equates to a third looking normal at 6 months and half looking normal at a year. For the 32 patients who reported their donor site looking abnormal, 72% were "not bothered" by it. Patients with super-thin grafts (0.003-0.005 in.) were significantly more likely to have normal sensation, normal stiffness, and be less raised at their donor sites than those who had thin grafts (0.006-0.008 in.). This survey gives important information on patients' experiences of donor site morbidity that may form part of an informed consent process and allow tailored advice. Furthermore, it suggests that super-thin grafts may provide a superior donor site experience for patients.
LOCAL REACTIONS. The occurrence of a hive 5 to 15 minutes after injection is usually due to leakage of extract into the skin along the needle tract. Firm pressure (not rubbing) at the site of injection immediately after withdrawal of the needle will usually prevent this reaction. It does not require a reduction in dosage. A strong local reaction with erythema and edema which persists at the injection site for several hours indicates that too much extract has been given. Failure to note this response may result in a serious generalized reaction. Treatment should be altered as follows:   


  1. Additional injections should not be given until all evidence of the reaction has disappeared.
  2. The dosage should be reduced three levels, e.g., from 0.4 cc to 0.5 cc or the equivalent, and held at that level for two or three treatments.



A second reaction at or near the dose which caused the first local response indicates that a maximum tolerated amount of extract has been reached and no further increases in dosage should be attempted. Maintenance therapy should be continued thereafter at the highest possible non-reacting dose.   
  
SYSTEMIC REACTIONS. Systemic (generalized) reactions may range from a mild exaggeration of the patient's allergic symptoms to hives, anaphylactic shock, or even death from anaphylaxis. Systemic reactions may occur when a previous local reaction has not been heeded, or when the extract is accidentally injected intravenously. The reaction usually occurs 5 to 20 minutes after injection. Symptoms may include sneezing, coughing, itching, shortness of breath, abdominal cramps, vomiting, diarrhea, tachycardia, hypotension, and respiratory failure in severe cases. The reaction is usually stopped by the subcutaneous injection of epinephrine HCL 1:1,000 (See Overdosage below). The oral administration of antihistamines and the placement of a tourniquet proximal to the injection site are helpful adjuncts. In the event that additional measures are required, it may be necessary to treat the patient for bronchospasm with intravenous aminophylline, intravenous fluids and corticosteroids; for hypotension with vasopressors, volume repletion, isoproterenol and corticosteroids; for laryngeal obstruction with oxygen and tracheostomy and for cardiac arrest with cardiopulmonary resuscitation and other appropriate measures.
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a potentially fatal disease that causes a significant number of deaths worldwide. The strategy of increasing fatty acid oxidation in myocytes is considered a therapeutic avenue to accelerate metabolism to meet energy demands. We conducted the study aiming to investigate the effect of KN-93, which induces histone deacetylase (HDAC)4 shuttling to the nucleus, on fatty acid oxidation and the expression of related genes. A mouse model of myocardial infarction was induced by isoprenaline administration. Heart damage was assessed by the detection of cardiac injury markers. The level of fatty acid oxidation level was evaluated by testing the expression of related genes. Both immunofluorescence and immunoblotting in the cytosol or nucleus were utilized to observe the distribution of HDAC4. The interaction between HDAC4 and specificity protein (SP)1 was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. The acetylation level of SP1 was tested after KN-93 treatment and HDAC4 inhibitor. Oxygen consumption rate and immunoblotting experiments were used to determine whether the effect of KN-93 on increasing fatty acid oxidation is through HDAC4 and SP1. Administration of KN-93 significantly reduced cardiac injury in myocardial infarction and promoted fatty acid oxidation both in vitro and in vivo. KN-93 was shown to mediate nuclear translocation of HDAC4. HDAC4 was found to interact with SP1 and reduce SP1 acetylation. HDAC4 or SP1 inhibitors attenuated the effect of KN-93 on fatty acid oxidation. In conclusion, KN-93 promotes HDAC4 translocation to the nucleus, thereby potentially enhancing fatty acid oxidation by SP1.
Subjects undergo indocyanine green injection within 72 hours prior to surgery. Permitting infusion time within 72 hours of operation is believed to be adequate for tissue glow/surgical visualization. Alternately, patients may receive 25 mg of indocyanine green during induction. Dose and time of administration will be determined by the neurosurgeon during surgical planning. This 25 mg dose of indocyanine green is similar to dosing for other intraoperative vascular visualization.
PURPOSE: During follow-up, patients in remission after oral or oropharyngeal cancer are few to express pain, depression or anxiety, their chief complain are dry mouth and difficulties to chewing. The aim of the study is to estimate prevalence of pain, quality of life and their evolution over four years.
METHODS: This prospective observational study included 21 patients between June and September 2017. Clinical examination, neurosensory examination and questionnaires (using visual analogic scale DN4, PCS-CF, HADS EORTC QLQ30 and H&N 35) were performed and a second time 4 years later.
RESULTS: After 4 years, 17 patients could be reviewed. In 2017 as in 2021, two patients (11.8 %) experience neuropathic pain. In 2017, 14 (82.3 %) reported paresthesia or dysesthesia or hypo/anesthesia, none of them have provoked pain to a mechanical or thermal stimulus. In 2021, only 9 (53 %) still report those symptoms. Global analysis of the questionnaire QLQC30 reveals a significant increase quality of life of all 17 patients (p = 0.0003). For the two questionnaires QLQC30 and QLQ-H&N 35, dry mouth, sticky saliva, difficulties for eating and relation with food, are strong grievances which an absence of amelioration or a degradation.
CONCLUSIONS: Neurosensory disturbance is a frequent symptom but pain concerns only 11.8 % of patients. Quality of life increase globally, yet difficulties concerning oral cavity functions endure.
IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: For remission patients, pain is an unfrequent situation unlike neurosensory disturbance. Support care improve life quality. In case of onset of pain, recurrence and osteoradionecrosis should be mentioned immediately.
Upper extremity (UE) weakness post-stroke occurs in 70-80% of patients. By 3 months this complaint persists in 40% of patients, and by 6 months this complaint persists in a similar percentage of patients (1). Greater improvement in motor functional recovery was achieved in patients with intact sensation. Shoulder pain persisted in 20% of patients (2). Most of the arm recovery occurs in the initial 3 months post-stroke (2,3,4). The Copenhagen stroke study found 79% of patients with mild UE paresis achieving functional motor recovery compared to 18% of patients with severe UE paresis (4). Katrak P et al. found early shoulder shrug and synergistic hand movements to be useful bedside predictors of functional motor recovery of the UE (5). The initial grade of paresis (measured on admission in the hospital) is the most important predictor of motor recovery after stroke, with initial paralysis implying the worst prognosis for subsequent motor recovery (6). Perceptual inattention does impact upon UE action and functional recovery (7). The UE weakness and functional motor recovery lags behind lower extremity (LE) weakness and functional motor recovery because of the complexity of motor skills needed for daily living tasks.

Due to the persistence of upper extremity weakness, different rehabilitation techniques such as Constraint Induced (CI) (8,9,10) and robotic (11,12,13) therapies were developed to help with meaningful functional motor recovery in the paretic arm (unilateral arm training). Both of these forced-use interventions focus on the paretic arm only. The main drawback of the CI therapy is that subjects need to have some degree of voluntary movement both at the wrist and the digits. Bilateral arm training with rhythmic clueing (BATRAC) has been used in chronic stroke patients and has been found to improve functional motor performance in the paretic UE (14). The authors in a recent paper showed BATRAC inducing reorganization in contraleisonal motor networks based on functional MRI (15). Facilitation of paretic arm movement by the non-paretic arm (bimanual movement) is thought to be superior to individual paretic arm movement, which indicates both arms to be a coordinated brain unit (16). Richards L et al., in their review article (17) and Vander Lee J et al., in their meta-analysis of randomized stroke trials (18) on therapeutic interventions to improve UE function, found extensive practice to be the most important factor irrespective of the type of intervention instituted. Early repetitive sensorimotor stimulation of the arm results in long-lasting functional motor recovery (19).

The overall goal of this study is to determine whether bilateral arm training with upper body ergometer is as or more effective in upper extremity functional recovery than unilateral arm training with robot in patients with a recent ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
The shortage of transplant organs remains a severe global issue. Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) has the potential to increase organ availability, yet its efficacy is hampered by the inflammatory response during machine perfusion. Mouse liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) models, discarded human liver models, and porcine marginal liver transplantation models were utilized to investigate whether farnesoid X receptor (FXR) activation could mitigate inflammation-induced liver damage. FXR expression levels before and after reperfusion were measured. Gene editing and coimmunoprecipitation techniques were employed to explore the regulatory mechanism of FXR in inflammation inhibition. The expression of FXR correlates with the extent of liver damage after reperfusion. Activation of FXR significantly suppressed the inflammatory response triggered by IRI, diminished the release of proinflammatory cytokines, and improved liver function recovery during NMP, assisting discarded human livers to reach transplant standards. Mechanistically, FXR disrupts the interaction between p65 and p300, thus inhibiting modulating the nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway, a key instigator of inflammation. Our research across multiple species confirms that activating FXR can optimize NMP by attenuating IRI-related liver damage, thereby improving the utilization of marginal livers for transplantation.
PURPOSE:To obtain a vitamin A composition useful as foods, drugs, etc. in a stable form, by emulsifying vitamin A and a hydrophilic base in the presence of both natural phenolic substance and ascorbic acid in an aqueous solution, processing the emulsion into granule or powder. CONSTITUTION:Vitamin A and a hydrophilic substance (e. g., gelatin, starch, etc.) are emulsified in the presence of both a natrual phenolic substance (e.g., tocopherol, tocotrienol, etc.) and ascorbic acid, or its salt in an aqueous solution, and processed by a proper method into granule or powder, to give a stable vitamin A composition. Amounts used are 0.1-2gamma natrual phenolic substance and 1-20gamma ascorbic acid based on 100I.U. vitamin A. Combination of the natural phenolic substance and ascorbic acid which have no effect individually, provides the titled easily treatable and of stable composition.
The present invention provides a nanoemulsion, that includes:an oily phase dispersed in an aqueous phase; andat least one anionic surfactant selected from the group including phosphoric acid fatty esters and oxyethylenated derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof; whereinthe oily phase includes oil globules having a number-average size of less than 100 nm;wherein the oily phase includes at least one oil having a molecular weight of greater than 400; and wherein a weight ratio of the oily phase to the surfactant ranges from 2 to 10. The invention also provides a process for making the nanoemulsion, and methods for its use. The nanoemulsion is ideally transparent and stable on storage. It can ideally contain large amounts of oil while retaining good transparency and good cosmetic properties. The nanoemulsion is particularly useful in compositions, including topical, pharmaceutical, dermatological, cosmetic, opthalmic, and opthalmologic. The composition is also particularly useful in applications to the skin, hair, scalp, mucous membranes, and eyes.
Conduct a comprehensive kinematic assessment using state-of-the art 3D speech tracking technology on individuals with ALS and PD as well as healthy talkers to identify articulatory motor disturbances as a function of phonetic complexity and dysarthria severity. Phonetic complexity will be experimentally manipulated using the consonant and vowel complexity classification system proposed by Kent (1992) that takes into account the underlying articulatory motor adjustments required to produce various speech sounds.
This is a single-institution, open-label, single-arm, two-stage, phase II study of the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab in patients at high risk for lung cancer. Simon's two-stage design will be used. In the first stage, 18 subjects will be enrolled. If at least 7 subjects respond to nivolumab, then an additional 24 subjects will be enrolled for a total of 42 subjects. The central hypothesis to be tested by this trial is that immune evasion contributes to malignant transformation of premalignant bronchial dysplastic lesions into invasive lung cancers, and that blocking PD-1 will allow the immune system to target and eradicate premalignant bronchial dysplastic lesions, thereby preventing the development of lung cancer.

Nivolumab 240 mg IV will be administered every two weeks for a total of four doses (8 weeks). Participants will undergo bronchoscopy with endobronchial biopsy at study entry, 2 months, and 6 months. The primary endpoint will be change in bronchial dysplasia between study entry and the 6 month timepoint. Secondary endpoints include safety and tolerability of nivolumab in patients with bronchial dysplastic lesions, and additional endobronchial histology endpoints. Exploratory endpoints will be used to identify predictive markers of response to nivolumab.