anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Liver cancer represents a substantial global health challenge, contributing significantly to worldwide morbidity and mortality. It has long been understood that tumors are not composed solely of cancerous cells, but also include a variety of normal cells within their structure. These tumor-associated normal cells encompass vascular endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and various inflammatory cells, including neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, eosinophils, and lymphocytes. Additionally, tumor cells engage in complex interactions with stromal cells and elements of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Initially, the components of what is now known as the tumor microenvironment (TME) were thought to be passive bystanders in the processes of tumor proliferation and local invasion. However, recent research has significantly advanced our understanding of the TME's active role in tumor growth and metastasis. Tumor progression is now known to be driven by an intricate imbalance of positive and negative regulatory signals, primarily influenced by specific growth factors produced by both inflammatory and neoplastic cells. This review article explores the latest developments and future directions in understanding how the TME modulates liver cancer, with the aim of informing the design of novel therapies that target critical components of the TME.
Verapamil hydrochloride injection, USP is indicated for the following:

  * Rapid conversion to sinus rhythm of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias, including those associated with accessory bypass tracts (Wolff-Parkinson-White [W-P-W] and Lown-Ganong-Levine [L-G-L] syndromes). When clinically advisable, appropriate vagal maneuvers (e.g., Valsalva maneuver) should be attempted prior to verapamil hydrochloride administration.
  * Temporary control of rapid ventricular rate in atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation except when the atrial flutter and/or atrial fibrillation are associated with accessory bypass tracts (Wolff-Parkinson-White (W-P-W) and Lown-Ganong-Levine (L-G-L) syndromes).



In controlled studies in the United States, about 60% of patients with supraventricular tachycardia converted to normal sinus rhythm within 10 minutes after intravenous verapamil hydrochloride. Uncontrolled studies reported in the world literature describe a conversion rate of about 80%. About 70% of patients with atrial flutter and/or fibrillation with a faster ventricular rate respond with a decrease in ventricular rate of at least 20%. Conversion of atrial flutter or fibrillation to sinus rhythm is uncommon (about 10%) after verapamil hydrochloride and may reflect the spontaneous conversion rate, since the conversion rate after placebo was similar. Slowing of the ventricular rate in patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter lasts 30 to 60 minutes after a single injection.

Because a small fraction (< 1%) of patients treated with verapamil hydrochloride respond with life-threatening adverse responses (rapid ventricular rate in atrial flutter/fibrillation, and an accessory bypass tract, marked hypotension, or extreme bradycardia/asystole − see CONTRAINDICATIONS and WARNINGS), the initial use of verapamil hydrochloride injection should, if possible, be in a treatment setting with monitoring and resuscitation facilities, including D.C.-cardioversion capability (see ADVERSE REACTIONS, Suggested Treatment of Acute Cardiovascular Adverse Reactions). As familiarity with the patient's response is gained, use in an office setting may be acceptable.

Cardioversion has been used safely and effectively after verapamil hydrochloride injection.
The current method for diagnosing prostate cancer requires a biopsy needle to pass through the bowel wall to reach the prostate. Bacteria in the bowel inevitably enter the urinary system and blood stream. A significant number of men develop infections despite preventative antibiotics (1 in 10 develop fevers/shivers and 1-2 in 100 get a life-threatening infection). It is crucial we find a safer biopsy method for suspected prostate cancer as over 1 million rectal biopsies occur each year.

A safer alternative device was developed, performed under local anaesthetic using the transperineal route: CamPROBE (Cambridge Prostate Biopsy Device). CamPROBE biopsies are taken through the perineum (the area under the testicles), so there is no infection risk, and it's just as good at diagnosing prostate cancer. This investigation progresses from a prototype to a disposable, single use device that any UK hospital can use. The study will assess CamPROBE's ability to reduce infections from prostate biopsies and its usability as an alternative to the current standard biopsies.

Men recommended to undergo a prostate biopsy will be eligible for this multi-centre study. For each patient, the study will take approximately 30 days, consisting of: recruitment, 1 day for the procedure (replaces the standard biopsy pathway) and questionnaires on day 1, 7 and 30. This timeframe will not introduce delays in the patients' normal standard care pathway. Patients will have a transperineal biopsy with CamPROBE instead of the current transrectal method. Biopsy samples will be treated the same as standard procedure. Patients' acceptability of the procedure and complications will be measured using patient self-reported questionnaires.
The present invention relates to a Chinese patent medicine for treating psoriasis. The treatment effect of all the existing Chinese patent medicine for treating psoriasis needs to be further improved. For the present invention, an oral Chinese patent medicine is prepared from twenty-one raw traditional Chinese medicines of glabrous greenbrier rhizome, buffalo horn, pangolin, fleeceflower root, liquorice, flavescent sophora root, etc. The prescription is simple and clear. The present invention is suitable for various types and all the pathogenic stages of psoriasis. The clinical effective rate can reach 96.7%, and the long-term half-year consolidating rate can reach 90%; moreover, the toxic and side effects are small, and the safety and the reliability are high.
Nicotine use produces psychoactive effects, and chronic use is associated with physiological and psychological symptoms of addiction. However, chronic nicotine use is known to decrease food intake and body weight gain, suggesting that nicotine also affects central metabolic and appetite regulation. We recently showed that acute nicotine self-administration in nicotine-dependent animals produces a short-term increase in food intake, contrary to its long-term decrease of feeding behavior. As feeding behavior is regulated by complex neural signaling mechanisms, this study aimed to test the hypothesis that nicotine intake in animals exposed to chronic nicotine may increase activation of pro-feeding regions and decrease activation of pro-satiety regions to produce the acute increase in feeding behavior. FOS immunohistochemistry revealed that acute nicotine intake in nicotine self-administering animals increased activation of the pro-feeding arcuate and lateral hypothalamic nuclei and decreased activation of the pro-satiety parabrachial nucleus. Regional correlational analysis also showed that acute nicotine changes the functional connectivity of the hunger/satiety network. Further dissection of the role of the arcuate nucleus using electrophysiology found that putative POMC neurons in animals given chronic nicotine exhibited decreased firing following acute nicotine application. These brain-wide central signaling changes may contribute to the acute increase in feeding behavior we see in rats after acute nicotine and provide new areas of focus for studying both nicotine addiction and metabolic regulation.
PURPOSE: A cosmetic porous polymethyl methacrylate powder containing a functional substance is provided. CONSTITUTION: A cosmetic porous polymethylmethacrylate powder contains porous polymethyl methacrylate, and a functional substance impregnated in porous polymethyl methacrylate. The porous polymethyl methacrylate further contains a moisturizing agent or tackifier. The moisturizing agent is glycerin, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, sodium lactate, pyrrolidone carbonxylic acid, dipropylene glycol, maltitol, or hyaluronic acid. The tackifier is guar gum, locust bean gum, pectin, xanthan gum, carboxy vinyl polymer, cellulose, or ethyl alcohol. The functional substance contains alpha-bisabolol, asiaticoside, adenosine, or ginseng extract as an active ingredient.
Perceptual grouping is impaired following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). This may affect visual size perception, a process influenced by perceptual grouping abilities. We conducted two experiments to evaluate visual size perception in people with self-reported history of mTBI, using two different size-contrast illusions: the Ebbinghaus Illusion (Experiment 1) and the Müller-Lyer illusion (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, individuals with mTBI and healthy controls were asked to compare the size of two target circles that were either the same size or different sizes. The target circles appeared by themselves (no-context condition), or were surrounded by smaller or larger circles (context condition). Similar levels of accuracy were evident between the groups in the no-context condition. However, size judgements by mTBI participants were more accurate in the context condition, suggesting that they processed the target circles separately from the surrounding circles. In Experiment 2, individuals with mTBI and healthy controls judged the length of parallel lines that appeared with arrowheads (context condition) or without arrowheads (no context condition). Consistent with Experiment 1, size judgements by mTBI participants were more accurate than size judgements by control participants in the context condition. These findings suggest that mTBI influences size perception by impairing perceptual grouping of visual stimuli in near proximity.
An AIMP2DX2 in which an exon 2 is deleted from an AIMP2(ARS-interacting multi-functional protein 2) specifically expressing in a cancer tissue is provided to diagnose cancer accurately and easily and treat or prevent the cancer by inhibiting the AIMP2DX2. An AIMP2DX2 protein is a protein in which an exon 2 region is deleted from an AIMP2, has an amino acid sequence described as SEQ ID : NO. 2 and acts as a marker for diagnosing cancer. A kit for diagnosing cancer comprises an antibody specific to the AIMP2DX2. A method for detecting the AIMP2DX2 comprises the steps of: (a) providing a sample to be analyzed; and (b) detecting the expression of a nucleotide sequence encoding the AIMP2DX2 from the sample. A pharmaceutical composition for treating cancer comprises an siRNA nucleic acid molecule which is specific to an mRNA of the AIMP2DX2. A method for screening an anti-cancer agent which inhibits the expression of a gene encoding the AIMP2DX2 or promotes the decomposition of the AIMP2DX2 comprises the steps of: (a) contacting a material to be tested with a cell expressing a gene encoding the AIMP2DX2; and (b) measuring the expression inhibition of the gene encoding the AIMP2DX2 or the decomposition promotion of the AIMP2DX2.
This arm consists of 50 EHPAD that have not benefited from ECG teletransmission. Only the global death occurrence data will be analyzed, no individual data will be collected.
The study of dietary patterns during pregnancy may be of great importance for determining the potential risk of obesity in childhood. We assessed the prospective association between maternal adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) during pregnancy and risk of childhood overweight/obesity at 4 years. This prospective analysis involved 272 mother-child pairs from the ECLIPSES study. Maternal diet during pregnancy was assessed using a validated 45-item food-frequency questionnaire and a relative whole-pregnancy MedDiet score (rMedDiet) was calculated. The children's weight and height were measured at the age of 4. Primary outcome was childhood overweight/obesity based on age- and-sex-specific BMI z-score > 85th percentile using the WHO child growth standards. Mean maternal rMedDiet score in pregnancy was 9.8 (±standard deviation 2.3) and 25.7% of the children were overweight/obese. Significant differences in anthropometric measurements (weight, height, and BMI) were found according to sex, with higher scores for boys. After controlling for potential confounders, greater maternal adherence to rMedDiet during pregnancy was associated with a lower risk of childhood overweight/obesity, highest vs. lowest quartile (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.12-0.90; p-trend 0.037). Similar trends regarding this association (per 1-point increase rMedDiet score) were observed after stratification by advanced maternal age, maternal early pregnancy BMI, education, socioeconomic status, smoking, and gestational weight gain. Our findings suggest that closer adherence to the MedDiet during pregnancy may protect against the risk of offspring overweight/obesity at 4 years. Further research is needed to explore whether associations persist across the life course.
PURPOSE: The choice of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) anticoagulation program for patients at high risk of bleeding has always been a complex problem in clinical practice. Clinical regimens include regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) and nafamostat mesylate (NM). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these two anticoagulants for CRRT in patients at high risk of bleeding to guide their clinical use better.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between January 2021 and December 2022, 307 patients were screened for this study. Forty-six patients were finally enrolled: 22 in the regional citrate anticoagulation group and 24 in the nafamostat mesylate group. We collected patients' baseline characteristics, laboratory indicators before CRRT, and CRRT-related data. We then performed a statistical analysis of the data from both groups of patients.
RESULTS: In our study, the baseline characteristics did not differ significantly between the two groups; the baseline laboratory indicators before CRRT of patients in the two groups were not significantly different. The duration of CRRT was 600 min in the regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) group, 615 min in the nafamostat mesylate (NM) group; the success rate was 90.7% in the RCA group, and 85.6% in the NM group, the anticoagulant efficacy between the two groups was comparable. There was no significant difference in the safety of anticoagulation between the two groups. We used Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) to test whether different anticoagulation methods significantly affected the success rate of CRRT and found no statistical difference between RCA and NM.
CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that nafamostat mesylate's anticoagulant efficacy and safety are not inferior to regional citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy in patients at high risk of bleeding.
Disclosed herein is a hair treatment which comprises the following two ingredients (A) and (B): (A) polyphenol compound . . . 0.001-5.0 wt % (B) chelating agent . . . 0.01-5.0 wt %. Also disclosed a hair treatment which comprises, in addition to the ingredients (A) and (B), the third ingredient (C): (C) At least one decomposition derivative of keratin material selected from the group consisting of (1) hydrolysates of keratin material, (2) alkali salts of decomposition products obtained by oxidation of keratin material, and (3) alkali salts of derivatives at the thiol groups of decomposition products obtained by reduction of keratin material . . . 0.05-10.0 wt %. The hair treatment according to this invention can prevent proteins from eluting from hair and restore appropriate degrees of resiliency and flexibility of the hair which have once been lost by treatments for beauty care.
The ursodiol 500 mg scored tablet can be broken in halves to provide recommended dosage. 

To break ursodiol 500 mg scored tablet easily, place the tablet on a flat surface with the scored section on top. Hold the tablet with your thumbs placed close to the scored part of the tablet (groove). Then apply gentle pressure and snap the tablet segments apart (segments breaking incorrectly should not be used). The segments should be washed down unchewed, with water, keeping the segments in the mouth can reveal a bitter taste. Due to the bitter taste, segments should be stored separately from whole tablets. [see How Supplied/Storage and Handling (16.2)].
Apparatus for testing the bond between a plastics denture material and a denture adhesive composition comprises a chamber 2 whose outer wall is interrupted by an uppermost perforate plate 8. The chamber is kept full of artificial saliva, heated to body temperature. Across the top of the perforate plate 8 is retained a sheet of polymer which allows artificial saliva, which has risen through the capillaries of the plate 8, to pass through it. The polymer mimics a mucosal surface. A plate is plastics denture material is secured to the sheet by means of the adhesive composition. The denture material may be manipulated to test the adhesion. That is, a reciprocating cycle of force of fixed distance and speed may be applied and, the force required to move the fixed distance during this cycle is recorded.
Baclofen injection (intrathecal) is indicated for use in the management of severe spasticity. Patients should first respond to a screening dose of intrathecal baclofen prior to consideration for long term infusion via an implantable pump. For spasticity of spinal cord origin, chronic infusion of baclofen injection (intrathecal) via an implantable pump should be reserved for patients unresponsive to oral baclofen therapy, or those who experience intolerable CNS side effects at effective doses. Patients with spasticity due to traumatic brain injury should wait at least one year after the injury before consideration of long term intrathecal baclofen therapy. Baclofen injection (intrathecal) is intended for use by the intrathecal route in single bolus test doses (via spinal catheter or lumbar puncture) and, for chronic use, only in implantable pumps approved by the FDA specifically for the administration of baclofen injection (intrathecal) into the intrathecal space. 

Spasticity of Spinal Cord Origin: Evidence supporting the efficacy of baclofen injection (intrathecal) was obtained in randomized, controlled investigations that compared the effects of either a single intrathecal dose or a three day intrathecal infusion of baclofen injection (intrathecal) to placebo in patients with severe spasticity and spasms due to either spinal cord trauma or multiple sclerosis. Baclofen injection (intrathecal) was superior to placebo on both principal outcome measures employed: change from baseline in the Ashworth rating of spasticity and the frequency of spasms.

Spasticity of Cerebral Origin: The efficacy of baclofen injection (intrathecal) was investigated in three controlled clinical trials; two enrolled patients with cerebral palsy and one enrolled patients with spasticity due to previous brain injury. The first study, a randomized controlled cross-over trial of 51 patients with cerebral palsy, provided strong, statistically significant results; baclofen injection (intrathecal) was superior to placebo in reducing spasticity as measured by the Ashworth Scale. A second cross-over study was conducted in 11 patients with spasticity arising from brain injury. Despite the small sample size, the study yielded a nearly significant test statistic (p=0.066) and provided directionally favorable results. The last study, however, did not provide data that could be reliably analyzed.

Baclofen injection (intrathecal) therapy may be considered an alternative to destructive neurosurgical procedures. Prior to implantation of a device for chronic intrathecal infusion of baclofen injection (intrathecal), patients must show a response to baclofen injection (intrathecal) in a screening trial (see Dosage and Administration).
PURPOSE:To obtain a vegetable natural germanium solution which is a useful mineral, by absorbing a water-soluble germanium in a plant from which a large amount of vegetable juice can be collected from a cut end of a bine thereof, and collecting the vegetable juice from the cut end thereof. CONSTITUTION:A seed of a plant naturally extruding a large amount of vegetable juice from a curt end of a bine, e.g. dishcloth gourd or cucumber, is dipped in a water-soluble germanium solution or the solution is absorbed in the plant body in the cultivation or growth period, and the bine of the plant is cut to obtain the vegetable natural germanium solution from the cut end. Germanium oxide, organogermanium sesquioxide, etc. are used as the water-soluble germanium. A polypore or ginseng, etc. contains a large amount of germanium. On the other hand, attention has been paid to the carcinostatic, allergic inhibitory action and diuretic action, etc. of the organogermanium compound. The object of this invention is to extrude Ge which is a useful mineral naturally from the plant and collect the Ge.
The invention discloses an antipyretic Chinese herbal preparation an artemisia apiacea and licorice particle and soluble pulvis and its preparation method, and belongs to the field of veterinary drugs. According to the preparation, two medicinal materials are respectively extracted. By multiple times of poaching, spraying or microwave drying and cryogenic pulverization, extracts are obtained; and the extracts are mixed in proportion. Then, the pharmaceutical preparation is prepared according to routine techniques of pharmaceutics. It shows through functional tests, toxicity tests and stability tests that the pulvis provided by the invention has characteristics of remarkable functions, safety, nontoxicity, good stability, complete and mature preparation technology, high bioavailability and the like. The pulvis provided by the invention is used for treating animal eperythrozoonosis and high fever and relieving summer-heat and has definite therapeutic effects. Cure rate of the pulvis reaches more than 90.0%. The pulvis has little side effect and can be made into multiple dosage forms, such as a powder, a premix, a soluble powder, granules, an oral liquid, an injection, a powder-injection, tablets and the like.
Pregnancy requires metabolic adaptations in order to meet support fetal growth with nutrient availability. In this study, the influence of pregnancy on metabolically active organs (adipose tissues in particular) was investigated. Our results showed that maternal weight and adipose mass presented dynamic remodeling in the periparturient mice. Meanwhile, pregnancy mice displayed obvious glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in late pregnancy as compared to non-pregnancy, which were partially reversed at parturition. Further analyses revealed that different fat depots exhibited site-specific adaptions of morphology and functionality as pregnancy advanced. Brown and inguinal white adipose tissue (BAT and IngWAT) exhibited obviously decreased thermogenic activity; by contrast, gonadal white adipose tissue (GonWAT) displayed remarkably increased lipid mobilization. Notably, we found that mammary gland differentiation was enhanced in IngWAT, followed by BAT but not in GonWAT. These result indicated that brown and white adipose tissues might synergistically play a crucial role in maintaining the maximum of energy supply for mother and fetus, which facilitates the mammary duct luminal epithelium development as well as the growth and development of fetus. Accompanied with adipose adaptation, however, our results revealed that the liver and pancreas also displayed significant metabolic adaptability, which together tended to trigger the risk of maternal metabolic diseases. Importantly, pregnancy-dependent obesity in our mice model resembled the disturbed metabolic phenotypes of pregnant women such as hyperglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. Our findings in this study could provide valuable clues for better understanding the underlying mechanisms of metabolic maladaptation and facilitate the development of the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases.