anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence indicates a higher prevalence of polyneuropathy (PNP) in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the involvement of large fiber neuropathy in PD still remains poorly understood. Given the lack of longitudinal data, we investigated the course of PNP associated with PD.
METHODS: In total, 41 PD patients underwent comprehensive clinical evaluation including motor and non-motor assessments as well as nerve conduction studies at baseline and at 2 years of follow-up. The definition of PNP was based on electrophysiological standard criteria. Common causes of PNP were excluded.
RESULTS: At baseline, PNP was diagnosed in 65.85% of PD patients via electroneurography. Patients with PNP presented with higher age (p = 0.019) and PD motor symptom severity (UPDRS III; p < 0.001). Over the course of 2 years, PNP deteriorated in 21.95% of cases, and 26.83% remained without PNP. Deterioration of nerve amplitude was most prevalent in the median sensory nerve affecting 57.58% of all PD cases with an overall reduction of median sensory nerve amplitude of 45.0%. With regard to PD phenotype, PNP progression was observed in 33.33% of the tremor dominant and 23.81% of the postural instability/gait difficulties subtype. Decrease of sural nerve amplitude correlated with lower quality of life (PDQ-39, p = 0.037) and worse cognitive status at baseline (MoCA, p = 0.042).
CONCLUSION: The study confirms the high PNP rate in PD, and demonstrates a significant electrophysiological progression also involving nerves of the upper extremities. Longitudinal studies with larger cohorts are urgently needed and should elucidate the link between PD and PNP with the underlying pathomechanisms.
Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions

Severe hypersensitivity reactions, including wheezing, rash, and pruritis, have been reported with administration of Sucraid. Sucraid contains papain, which is associated with hypersensitivity reactions (see DESCRIPTION).

A pediatric patient in the clinical trials experienced a hypersensitivity reaction of severe wheezing that required hospitalization. Postmarketing cases of cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions have also been reported.

Instruct patients or caregivers to stop Sucraid and seek medical attention if symptoms suggestive of a hypersensitivity reaction occur. Sucraid is contraindicated in patients who have had a known hypersensitivity reaction (see CONTRAINDICATIONS).
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary rehabilitation is well known to improve clinical symptoms (including dyspnea), quality of life, and exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, researchers have reported difficulties in practicing center-based pulmonary rehabilitation. Recently, mobile app-based pulmonary rehabilitation has become available in clinical practice. We investigated the clinical outcomes of mobile app-based pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of mobile app-based pulmonary rehabilitation versus conventional center-based pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with COPD, using a systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS: A systematic search of the literature published between January 2007 and June 2023 was performed, using the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and CINAHL databases to identify relevant randomized controlled trials involving patients with COPD. Pulmonary rehabilitation programs needed to provide an exercise program on a smartphone app. Study outcomes, including exercise capacity, symptom scores, quality of life, and hospitalization, were evaluated. The meta-analysis evaluated mean differences in 6-minute walk test distances (6MWDs), COPD Assessment Test (CAT) scores, modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale scores, St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores, and risk ratios for hospitalization resulting from disease exacerbation.
RESULTS: Of the 1173 screened studies, 10 were included in the systematic review and 9 were included in the meta-analysis. Further, 6 studies were multicenter studies. There were a total of 1050 participants, and most were aged ≥65 years. There were discrepancies in the baseline participant characteristics, smartphone apps, interventions, and study outcomes among the included studies. In the meta-analysis, 5 studies assessed 6MWDs (mean difference 9.52, 95% CI -3.05 to 22.08 m), 6 studies assessed CAT scores (mean difference -1.29, 95% CI -2.39 to -0.20), 3 studies assessed mMRC dyspnea scale scores (mean difference -0.08, 95% CI -0.29 to 0.13), 2 studies assessed SGRQ scores (mean difference -3.62, 95% CI -9.62 to 2.38), and 3 studies assessed hospitalization resulting from disease exacerbation (risk ratio 0.65, 95% CI 0.27-1.53). These clinical parameters generally favored mobile app-based pulmonary rehabilitation; however, a statistically significant difference was noted only for the CAT scores (P=.02).
CONCLUSIONS: Despite some discrepancies in the baseline participant characteristics and interventions among studies, mobile app-based pulmonary rehabilitation resulted in favorable exercise capacity, symptom score, quality of life, and hospitalization outcomes when compared with conventional pulmonary rehabilitation. In the meta-analysis, the CAT scores of the mobile app-based pulmonary rehabilitation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P=.02). In real-world practice, mobile app-based pulmonary rehabilitation can be a useful treatment option when conventional center-based pulmonary rehabilitation is not feasible.
In 10-minute warm up period; neck flexion/extension/side flexion/circumflexion (clockwise and counterclockwise), rounding shoulder back and forth, circumflexion of arm back and forth, side flexion of trunk and rising on the fingertips. After warm up period; participants had been asked to hold with both hand half-filled glasses with 90 degree of flexion elbow and near the trunk while performing; in standing position, straight walk, side walk, abduction/flexion/extension of hip and hip and knee flexion; in sitting position, hip flexion, knee extension, ankle dorsi - plantar flexion. In cool down period, stretching of quadriceps femoris muscle, hamstring muscle, achill tendon and cervical muscles were performed.
BACKGROUND: Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is the most common oral cavity cancer, and p16 immunohistochemistry is an exact and available tool in the prognostic and predictive characterization of squamous cell cancers in the head and neck. Microorganisms have a close relationship with the development of TSCC. However, the association between oral bacteria and p16 status has not been well defined in the case of TSCC. Compared with traditional clinical microbial collection methods, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples have several advantages.
METHODS: To compare the microbiota compositions between p16-positive and p16-negative patients with TSCC, we performed a small pilot study of microbiological studies of TSCC by paraffin tissue. DNA from FFPE tissue blocks were extracted and microbiomes were profiled by sequencing the 16 S-rRNA-encoding gene (V1-V2/V3-V4/V4 regions). Alterations in the functional potential of the microbiome were predicted using PICRUSt, Tax4Fun, and BugBase.
RESULTS: A total of 60 patients with TSCC were enrolled in the study, however, some challenges associated with DNA damage in FFPE tissues existed, and only 27 (15 p16-positive and 12 p16-negative) passed DNA quality control. Nevertheless, we have tentatively found some meaningful results. The p16 status is associated with microbiota diversity, which is significantly increased in p16-positive patients compared with p16-negative patients. Desulfobacteria, Limnochordia, Phycisphaerae, Anaerolineae, Saccharimonadia and Kapabacteria had higher abundances among participants with p16-positive. Moreover, functional prediction revealed that the increase of these bacteria may enhance viral carcinogenesis in p16-positive TSCC.
CONCLUSIONS: Bacterial profiles showed a significant difference between p16-positive TSCC and p16-negative TSCC. These findings may provide insights into the relationship between p16 status and the microbial taxa in TSCC, and these bacteria may provide new clues for developing therapeutic targets for TSCC.
NEW MATERIAL:An N,S-diacylglutathione diester of the formula (R1 is acyl; R2 is alcoholic residue). EXAMPLE:N,S-Dioctanoylglutathione distearyl. USE:Useful as a cosmetic base having the inhibitory action on melanization and decoloring action on melanin pigments, capable of dissolving at a low temperature, exhibiting improved percutaneous absorption with high stability. The formulated cosmetic is rapidly deacylated in a living body on application to the skin, gives a desirable enzymic activating action and inhibitory action on tyrosinase activity, and exhibits preventing effects on the dark skin, liver spots or freckles. PROCESS:Glutathione is mixed with N,N'-dimethylformamide, and triethylamine is added thereto. After adding palmitoyl chloride dropwise thereto, p-toluenesulfonic acid and cetyl alcohol are added thereto, and the resultant mixture is refluxed to give N,S-dipalmitoylglutathione dicetyl in the compound of the formula.
OBJECTIVE:: We hypothesized that training to expert-derived levels of speed and motion will lead to improved learning and will translate to better operating room (OR) performance of novices than training to goals of speed or motion alone. BACKGROUND:: Motion tracking has been suggested to be a more sensitive performance metric than time and errors for the assessment of surgical performance. METHODS:: An institutional review board-approved, single blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted at our level-I American College of Surgeons accredited Education Institute. Forty-two novices trained to proficiency in laparoscopic suturing after being randomized into 3 groups: The speed group (n = 14) had to achieve expert levels of speed, the motion group (n = 15) expert levels of motion (path length and smoothness), and the speed and motion group (n = 13) both levels. To achieve proficiency, all groups also had to demonstrate error-free performance. The FLS suture module (task 5) was used for training inside the ProMIS simulator that tracks instrument motion. All groups participated in transfer and retention tests in the OR. OR performance was assessed by a blinded expert rater using Global Operative Assessment of Laparoscopic Skills, speed, accuracy, and inadvertent injuries.
Gallstones are crystalline deposits in the gallbladder that are traditionally classified as cholesterol, pigment, or mixed stones based on their composition. Microbiota and host metabolism variances among the different types of gallstones remain largely unclear. Here, the bile and gallstone microbial species spectra of 29 subjects with gallstone disease (GSD, 24 cholesterol and 5 pigment) were revealed by type IIB restriction site-associated DNA microbiome sequencing (2bRAD-M). Among them (21 subjects: 18 cholesterol and 3 pigment), plasma samples were subjected to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) untargeted metabolomics. The microbiome yielded 896 species comprising 882 bacteria, 13 fungi, and 1 archaeon. Microbial profiling revealed significant enrichment of Cutibacterium acnes and Microbacterium sp005774735 in gallstone and Agrobacterium pusense and Enterovirga sp013044135 in the bile of cholesterol GSD subjects. The metabolome revealed 2296 metabolites, in which malvidin 3-(6''-malonylglucoside), 2-Methylpropyl glucosinolate, and ergothioneine were markedly enriched in cholesterol GSD subjects. Metabolite set enrichment analysis (MSEA) demonstrated enriched bile acids biosynthesis in individuals with cholesterol GSD. Overall, the multi-omics analysis revealed that microbiota and host metabolism interaction perturbations differ depending on the disease type. Perturbed gallstone type-related microbiota may contribute to unbalanced bile acids metabolism in the gallbladder and host, representing a potential early diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for GSD.
The present invention provides an improved means of treating tracheobronchitis, bronchiectasis and pneumonia in the nosocomial patient, preferably with aerosolized anti gram-positive and anti-gram negative antibiotics administered in combination or in seriatim in reliably sufficient amounts for therapeutic effect. In one aspect, the invention assures this result when aerosol is delivered into the ventilator circuit. In one embodiment the result is achieved mechanically. In another embodiment, the result is achieved by aerosol formulation. In another aspect, the invention assures the result when aerosol is delivered directly to the airways distal of the ventilator circuit. The treatment means eliminates the dosage variability that ventilator systems engender when aerosols are introduced via the ventilator circuit. The treatment means also concentrates the therapeutic agent specifically at affected sites in the lung such that therapeutic levels of administrated drug are achieved without significant systemic exposure of the patient to the drug. The invention further provides a dose control device to govern this specialized regimen.
Enhanced patient-family health care decision making is essential to improving the overall quality of end-of-life care (NIH State of the Science Conference Statement on Improving End-of-Life Care, 2004). Although most terminally ill patients desire shared family decision making, few family members are prepared for this and many report high levels of distress, and even the inability to make such decisions (Nolan, et al., 2005). Factors positively influencing the surrogates are: 1) previous experience with surrogate decision making, 2) knowing the patient's preferences, and 3) receiving positive reinforcement about decision making. The last two are amenable to change in "Trial of Ascertaining Individual preferences for Loved Ones' Role in End-of-life Decisions" (the "TAILORED" study). The TAILORED intervention is a simple clinic- based protocol involving an assessment of the confidence (self-efficacy) of family members for making health care decisions with or for a terminally ill loved one. Clinicians then tailor their guidance to patients and families about issues to discuss at home to better prepare family members for the desired decision-making role. This randomized clinical trial will include 132 patient-family dyads from two diagnostic groups: a group expected to retain (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) or lose decisional capacity (advanced gastro-intestinal malignancy). A nurse will deliver the TAILORED intervention in the clinic at baseline and will call the family member in 4- weeks to encourage ongoing patient-family discussion. Outcomes will be assessed at 8-weeks. A subgroup of family members whose loved one has died will be interviewed in-depth about their end-of-life decision making and the impact of the TAILORED Intervention. Aim 1: To test the effect of the TAILORED intervention on family decision-making self-efficacy at 8 weeks both with respect to the patient's present situation and in a hypothetical situation in which the patient lacks decision-making capacity. Aim 2: To test the effect of the TAILORED intervention on family psychological outcomes (depression, caregiver burden, decision making distress). Aim 3: To test the effect of the TAILORED intervention on patient and family satisfaction with family decision-making involvement. Aim 4: To explore family decision-making self-efficacy and perceptions of the TAILORED intervention. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Although most terminally ill patients prefer to share health care decision making with family and want family to make decisions for them if they are too ill to do so, few family members are prepared for this role and many report high levels of distress and even the inability to make such decisions. "Trial of Ascertaining Individual preferences for Loved Ones' Role in End-of-life Decisions" (the "TAILORED" study) tests a simple clinic-based protocol that allows clinicians to assess the confidence (self-efficacy) of family members for making health care decisions with or for a terminally ill loved one. Clinicians then tailor their guidance to patients and families about what issues to discuss to better prepare family members for the decision making role desired by the patient.
Hair disorders, including central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA), traction alopecia (TA), and acquired trichorrhexis nodosa (ATN), commonly occur in individuals with curly textured hair. Curly textured hair in individuals of African descent has unique properties and can present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. CCCA has been linked to uterine leiomyoma and type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as fibroproliferation. TA often presents with a fringe sign and can arise from high-tension hairstyles presumed to be protective. Trichoscopy is useful in establishing a diagnosis; perifollicular halos are more commonly seen than perifollicular erythema or scale in CCCA. In TA, miniaturized follicles, hair casts, and "flambeau sign" can be seen. Hairstyling practices likely contribute to TA and ATN; however, the data are mixed on the role of chemical relaxers and heat styling in CCCA. Unique considerations in the presentation of frontal fibrosing alopecia in curly textured hair have also been published recently. This review provides a comprehensive, up-to-date summary of these disorders with an emphasis on their unique properties, as well as considerations in hair care for curly textured hair.
It is planned to pre-test, wear virtual reality glasses and post-test before chemotherapy for breast cancer women who will receive adjuvant treatment for the first time, who agree to participate in the study. This follow-up will be done 3 more times, and each cure will be followed for 4 cures. It will be ensured that the patients fill out the State Anxiety Scale and Cancer Fatigue Scale as a pre-test and post-test. After the chemotherapy infusion starts, the patient will listen and watch the relaxing beach and nature content with 360 degrees for 30 minutes with virtual reality glasses attached to the patient.
BACKGROUND: The diseased bile duct in bilobar congenital biliary dilatation is extensive and often requires major hepatectomy or liver transplantation associated with a higher risk. We aimed to evaluate the safety and benefit of modified mesohepatectomy, in comparison with trisectionectomy, to treat bilobar congenital biliary dilatation.
METHODS: This study included 28 patients with type IV and V bilobar congenital biliary dilatation. An innovative mesohepatectomy comprising the hepatectomy technique beyond the P/U point and bile duct shaping was applied to 14 patients to address the extensively diseased bile duct and difficulty in hepaticojejunostomy. Another 14 patients received trisectionectomy. The perioperative and long-term outcomes of these patients were compared.
RESULTS: The ratio of residual liver volume to standard liver volume in the mesohepatectomy group was higher (78.68% vs. 40.90%, p = 0.005), while the resection rate of the liver parenchyma was lower (28.25% vs. 63.97%, p = 0.000), than that in trisectionectomy group. The mesohepatectomy group had a lower severe complication (>Clavein III, 0% vs. 57.70%, p = 0.019) and incidence of posthepatectomy liver failure (7.14% vs. 42.86%, p = 0.038). No significant difference was observed in blood loss and bile leakage (p > 0.05). All the patients in the mesohepatectomy group achieved optimal results in the long-term follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS: mesohepatectomy provides an efficient treatment option for bilobar congenital biliary dilatation and can achieve radical resection, retain more liver parenchyma, and reduce the difficulty of hepaticojejunostomy, especially for patients that are not eligible for major hepatectomy and liver transplantation.
A method of administering a medication to a post operative patient with the medication being administered at the site of a surgery performed on the patient. The medication is formed into a time release capsule ( 10 ) having a core ( 12 ) of the medication which is dispensed within the body over a predetermined period of time. The capsule is covered with a coating ( 14 ) that dissolves within the body. The time release medication is not released until the covering is sufficiently dissolved to expose the medication. During surgery, the surgeon places placing a plurality of capsules ( 10 - 10   n ) in the patient's body at the surgery site. The respective capsules have different coating thicknesses so the medication contained therein is dispensed at different periods of time after the surgery as a function of the thickness of the coating.
Before enrollment of the patients into the study, the two investigators, EGHM and TAPF, will perform 10 complete cases each of ERCP (Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) + SPYGLASS + EHL, to get more experience with the methods.

This will be a comparative study of methods, prospective, randomized study assessing the successful removal of bile duct stones considered to be difficult between the two proposed methods. A total of 100 patients will be recruited, according to the criteria for inclusion / exclusion of Appendix I. Randomization will be performed using a computer generated system. Fifty patients will be distributed in group 1 (Spyglass + electrohydraulic lithotripsy) and fifty in group 2 (with hydrostatic balloon dilation of the papilla with a extractor balloon sweep). Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) will be performed, and after the diagnosis of difficult stone, will be followed by randomization between the two proposed methods. In group 1, the examination with the Direct Visualization System of Bile Ducts ("Spyglass Direct Visualization System") will be held soon after the diagnosis of difficult stone and partial endoscopic papillotomy. After access to the biliary duct with the system described, and the visualization of the stone, it will be introduced gently through the working channel of a spyglass the probe to perform the electrohydraulic lithotripsy. When the fragmentation is complete the system spyglass will be removed and the pieces of stone are removed by conventional endoscopic methods. In group 2, after the diagnosis of difficult calculi and performing the partial endoscopic papillotomy, the papilla (as with papillotomy) will be dilated with a hydrostatic balloon until the maximum size allowed by the diameter of common bile duct, followed by scanning with extractor balloon. In both groups, the stone clearance will be confirmed using Spyglass cholangioscopic exploration of the bile duct. In case of failure in stone removal by some of the methods studied, it will be performed biliary drainage with plastic stent.