anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

Severe chest pain, vasovagal and hypersensitivity reactions have been reported. Vasovagal and hypersensitivity reactions on rare occasions can be severe. These reactions may include syncope, sweating, dizziness, rash, dyspnea, flushing and changes in blood pressure and heart rate. General symptoms can include headache, malaise, urticaria, and pruritus.

The most frequently reported adverse reactions to VISUDYNE (verteporfin for injection) are injection site reactions (including pain, edema, inflammation, extravasation, rashes, hemorrhage and discoloration) and visual disturbances (including blurred vision, flashes of light, decreased visual acuity and visual field defects, including scotoma). These events occurred in approximately 10%-30% of patients. The following events, listed by Body System, were reported more frequently with VISUDYNE therapy than with placebo therapy and occurred in 1%-10% of patients:

Severe vision decrease, equivalent of >4 lines, within 7 days after treatment has been reported in 1%-5% of patients. Partial recovery of vision was observed in some patients. Photosensitivity reactions usually occurred in the form of skin sunburn following exposure to sunlight. The higher incidence of back pain in the VISUDYNE group occurred primarily during infusion. 

The following adverse events have occurred either at low incidence (<1%) during clinical trials or have been reported during the use of VISUDYNE in clinical practice where these reactions were reported voluntarily from a population of unknown size and frequency of occurrence cannot be determined precisely. They have been chosen for inclusion based on factors such as seriousness, frequency of reporting, possible causal connection to VISUDYNE, or a combination of these factors:
Following suitable admixture of prescribed additives, the dosage is usually dependent upon the age, weight and clinical condition of the patient as well as laboratory determinations. See directions accompanying additive drug.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit.

Injections in flexible plastic containers are intended for intravenous administration using sterile equipment.

Additives may be incompatible. Complete information is not available. Those additives known to be incompatible should not be used. Consult with pharmacist, if available. If, in the informed judgment of the physician, it is deemed advisable to introduce additives, use aseptic technique. Do not store an unused portion of Sterile Water for Injection, USP. Mix thoroughly when additives have been introduced. Do not store solutions containing additives.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy (CALD) can cause visual impairment, but early symptoms are often missed or misdiagnosed. The framework of cerebral visual impairment (CVI) distinguishes deficits in sensory detection ("lower order") from those of perception and interpretation ("higher order"). This study describes visual deficits in patients with CALD and higher order visual function assessed with a virtual reality (VR) interface combined with eye tracking.
METHODS: A retrospective medical record review assessed the prevalence of visual deficits in patients with CALD, as well as lesion burden on brain MRI using the Loes MRI severity score. A VR-based task measured visual spatial processing performance in participants with CALD and controls.
RESULTS: Out of 89 CALD patients, 69 % had at least one sign or symptom of visual impairment. Lower order deficits were seen in 56 % of patients, and higher order deficits were seen in 59 % of patients who underwent neuropsychological testing. Even in early stage disease (Loes MRI severity score ≤ 3), visual impairment was present in more than half of patients (58 %). On prospective VR-based assessment, the CALD group (n = 30) had impaired visual search performance (lower success rate and longer reaction time) compared with controls (n = 38). In both groups, there was a trend of worsening performance with increasing task difficulty.
DISCUSSION: Higher order visual deficits, not just impairment of visual acuity, visual fields, or oculomotor function, are common in all stages of CALD. Beyond neuropsychological testing, VR-based functional testing allows for quantitative assessment of higher order visual perceptual deficits that are relevant to everyday tasks and may serve as an important marker of neurological decline.
Propofol 1.5-2.5mg/kg is administered intravenously for anesthesia induction and propofol at 4-12mg/kg/h is used for maintenance of general anesthesia. The dose is titrated to maintain Bispectral Index value between 40 and 60.
The present invention provides a formula and a preparation method of progesterone capsules. The formula of progesterone capsules mainly contains progesterone, a carrier, an organic solvent, surfactants, micropowder silicon gel, starch, etc. The preparation method mainly comprises the following steps: firstly, the carrier is added to the organic solvent according to the dosage given in the formula and is heated to 60 DEG C, and then, the progesterone is added to the mixture and is dissolved and dried for 4 hours in a vacuum mode at the temperature of 40 DEG C; the dry mixture is pulverized by air flow, and then, the micropowder silicon gel and the starch are added to the powder and are evenly mixed and then encapsulated. The progesterone capsule preparation which is prepared by the method of the present invention has good oral absorption performance, the progesterone level can be obviously improved, and the progesterone capsule preparation acts on the endometrium, so the hyperplasia of the endometrium is converted into secretory reaction; serious adverse reaction does not occur in the testing process. Thus, the oral granular progesterone has the advantages of secure use, high efficiency and convenience, and is especially suitable for patients who need to take natural progesterone. The present invention also has the advantages of simple and convenient preparation technology and low cost, and is suitable for industrialized production.
PURPOSE:To economically obtain the subject compound which is a medicine in high purity by optically resolving dl-1-(p-chlorophenyl)-1-(2-pyridyl)-3- dimethylaminopropane using a specific optically active carboxylic acid as a resolving agent. CONSTITUTION:dl-1-(p-Chlorophenyl)-1-(2-pyridyl)-3-dimetylaminopropa-ne is optically resolved by using an optically active carboxylic acid expressed by the formula as a resolving agent to afford the objective compound. As specific procedures, the aforementioned optically active raw material is brought into contact with the resolving agent in an amount of 0.5-3.0 mol, preferably 1.0-2.5 mol based on 1 mol aforementioned raw material in a solvent to prepare a diastereomer salt. The resultant salt-containing solution is then cooled, concentrated and separated. Furthermore, an optically active lactic acid derivative is used as the above-mentioned resolving agent and the derivative is obtained by, e.g. dissolving methyl lactate in a solvent, adding phenyl isothiocyanate thereto, carrying out reaction at 60 deg.C and then hydrolyzing the resultant product.
Disclosed herein are examples of pyrazole compounds according to formula (I). Also disclosed are compositions comprising the compounds, and methods of making the compositions. The composition may comprise a carrier, e.g. a polymer and/or the composition may be a spray-dried formulation. Methods of using the compounds and/or compositions are also disclosed. The compounds and/or compositions may be used to inhibit IRAK proteins and/or to ameliorate, treat and/or prevent IRAK-related diseases or disorders in a subject.
PCT No. PCT/EP95/04589 Sec. 371 Date May 22, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date May 22, 1997 PCT Filed Nov. 22, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/15802 PCT Pub. Date May 30, 1996Hepatocyte growth factor stimulates proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells, most preferably burst-forming unit-erythroid cells. The hepatocyte growth factor may be obtained from cells transformed with human gene sequences coding therefor. Pharmaceutical compositions useful to induce the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells may contain hepatocyte growth factor as an active principle in admixture with a suitable carrier. The pharmaceutical compositions may additionally contain stem cell factor as an active principle.
In a pilot clinical trial, the investigators found that the current robotic exoskeleton elicited improvements in arm function that can potentially supplement conventional methods to improve outcomes. However, the robot has a very large inertia and friction, and only gross grasp patterns are available. Therefore, improvements in movement speed and fine grasp were limited after robotic training. In development work, the investigators will significantly modify the ARMin and HandSOME to deliver a state-of-the-art lightweight robotic exoskeleton capable of retraining a wide range of functional activities. The investigators will reduce the inertia and friction of the robot to 1/4 of current values, incorporate an adaptive algorithm to automatically adjust assistance levels and extend the range of grasp patterns to include power grasp, thumb-index finger pinch and key pinch. Using the improved device from the development activities, the investigators will perform a clinical trial to compare the effectiveness of robotic training to conventional therapy from an occupational therapist. To take advantage of the facilitatory effect of robot therapy on subsequent conventional therapy, the experimental treatment will be 12 hours of robot therapy followed by 12 hours of conventional therapy. Chronic stroke subjects (N=38) will be randomly assigned to receive this experimental treatment or 24 hours of conventional therapy from an occupational therapist.
Anionic polysaccharide comprising a carboxylic acid functional group (I) is new, where (I) is a natural, synthetic or modified dextran, alginate, hyaluronan and galacturonan. Anionic polysaccharide comprising a carboxylic acid functional group of formula (I), is new, where (I) is a natural, synthetic or modified dextran, alginate, hyaluronan and galacturonan. L, Q : optionally branched and/or unsaturated 1-15C-chain optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms of O, N and/or S, and optionally comprising one or more optionally saturated or aromatic (hetero)cycles, where L and Q are different from each other; i : greater than 0 to 3, where i is the degree of functionalization of the hydroxyls contained in each saccharide unit; j : 0-1, where j is the degree of functionalization of the hydroxyls contained in each saccharide unit, and the sum of i and j is greater than 0 to 3; F1 : a functional group comprising carbamate, ester, amide, where carbonyl being linked to radical Q, or carboxylate; and Grp : optionally branched and/or unsaturated 4-50C-mono or divalent cation, which optionally comprises one or more heteroatoms comprising O, N and/or S, preferably in the form of functional groups comprising carboxylic acid, amine, alcohol or thiol, optionally comprising one or more optionally saturated or aromatic rings or heterocycles, where the functional groups are salifiable when the group comprises free carboxylic acid or free amine, and it is in the form of a salt, when the carboxylic acid functions are in the form of mono or divalent carboxylate cations. Provided that if j is 0, -L- is not -CH 2-. An independent claim is included for a pharmaceutical composition comprising (I) and at least one active agent. [Image].
Patients with CKD stage 5 (eGFR \<15 ml/min/1,73 m2). 50% of these patients will be in dialysis, while the other 50% will be pre-dialysis patients.
Reactive oxygen species, when produced in a controlled manner, are physiological modulators of healthy white adipose tissue (WAT) expansion and metabolic function. By contrast, unbridled production of oxidants is associated with pathological WAT expansion and the establishment of metabolic dysfunctions, most notably insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. NADPH oxidases (NOXs) produce oxidants in an orderly fashion and are present in adipocytes and in other diverse WAT-constituent cell types. Recent studies have established several links between aberrant NOX-derived oxidant production, adiposity, and metabolic homeostasis. The objective of this review is to highlight the physiological roles attributed to diverse NOX isoforms in healthy WAT and summarize current knowledge of the metabolic consequences related to perturbations in their adequate oxidant production. We detail WAT-related alterations in preclinical investigations conducted in NOX-deficient murine models. In addition, we review clinical studies that have employed NOX inhibitors and currently available data related to human NOX mutations in metabolic disturbances. Future investigations aimed at understanding the integration of NOX-derived oxidants in the regulation of the WAT cellular redox network are essential for designing successful redox-related precision therapies to curb obesity and attenuate obesity-associated metabolic pathologies.
The interactions between chemokines and their receptors, particularly in the context of inflammation, are complex, with individual receptors binding multiple ligands and individual ligands interacting with multiple receptors. In addition, there are numerous reports of simultaneous coexpression of multiple inflammatory chemokine receptors on individual inflammatory leukocyte subtypes. Overall, this has previously been interpreted as redundancy and proposed as a protective mechanism to ensure that the inflammatory response is robust. By contrast, we have hypothesized that the system is not redundant but exquisitely subtle. Our interests relate to the receptors CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, and CCR5, which, together, regulate nonneutrophilic myeloid cell recruitment to inflammatory sites. In this study, we demonstrate that although most murine monocytes exclusively express CCR2, there is a small subpopulation that is expanded during inflammation and coexpresses CCR1 and CCR2. Combinations of transcript and functional analysis demonstrate that this is not redundant expression and that coexpression of CCR1 and CCR2 marks a phenotypically distinct population of monocytes characterized by expression of genes otherwise typically associated with neutrophils. Single-cell RNA sequencing confirms this as a monodisperse population of atypical monocytes. This monocytic population has previously been described as having immunosuppressive activity. Overall, our data confirm combinatorial chemokine receptor expression by a subpopulation of monocytes but demonstrate that this is not redundant expression and marks a discrete monocytic population.
The present invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating neurodermatitis, which takes more than 10 Chinese herbal medicines of common cnidium fruit, belvedere fruit, earthworm and safflower etc. as the raw materials. The present invention has the effects of activating blood circulation, resolving masses, dredging collaterals and stopping itch. Based on the differential treatment of the traditional Chinese medicine, the invention is developed by combining the latest scientific research results. The present invention aims at providing the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating neurodermatitis. The present invention is characterized by accurate efficacy, safety, convenience, no toxicity or side effects and low price.
Patients receive rV-B7.1 intralesionally every 4 weeks for 8 weeks (weeks 0, 4, and 8). Treatment continues every 12 weeks in the absence of unacceptable toxicity or disease progression for up to 2 courses. Cohorts of 6-8 patients receive escalating doses of vaccine until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is determined. The MTD is defined as the dose preceding that at which 2 of 6 or 3 of 8 patients experience dose limiting toxicities.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Pain assessment and management are an important issue to ensure the comfort of patients in the intensive care unit, and reducing pain is an important nursing intervention. Therefore, it is important to evaluate pain correctly. For correct pain management, it is necessary to correctly determine the presence and severity of pain. The study was conducted to determine whether endotracheal suctioning was painless and whether the Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS) was an accurate assessment tool to assess pain during endotracheal suctioning.
METHODS: This study is a prospective clinical study. Thirty-two patients were endotracheal suctioned using the same technique by the same person, and their before-procedure BPS and visual analog scale (VAS) scores were recorded. The study was conducted in the anesthesia and reanimation intensive care unit of a university hospital between December 12, 2020, and April 14, 2021.
RESULTS: The before-procedure BPS and VAS scores indicated no pain. There was an increase in the procedure BPS score, whereas the VAS score did not change.
CONCLUSIONS: Endotracheal suctioning did not cause pain in conscious patients when the procedure was performed with the correct catheter in accordance with the guideline. In addition, it can be said that BPS is not sufficient to evaluate pain, but the reason for its high level is because endotracheal suctioning is an uncomfortable procedure. Of course, more studies and further studies are needed for a clear result.It is important for health care professionals to relieve or reduce the pain of patients during the endotracheal aspiration procedure. In addition, the presence and severity of pain associated with the endotracheal aspiration procedure should be accurately measured. This study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with the IDNCT04634474.The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
PURPOSE: To investigate the role of adiposity in the associations between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and head and neck cancer (HNC) and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.
METHODS: Our study included 450,111 EPIC participants. We used Cox regressions to investigate the associations between the consumption of UPFs and HNC and OAC risk. A mediation analysis was performed to assess the role of body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) in these associations. In sensitivity analyses, we investigated accidental death as a negative control outcome.
RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 14.13 ± 3.98 years, 910 and 215 participants developed HNC and OAC, respectively. A 10% g/d higher consumption of UPFs was associated with an increased risk of HNC (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14-1.34) and OAC (HR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.05-1.47). WHR mediated 5% (95% CI 3-10%) of the association between the consumption of UPFs and HNC risk, while BMI and WHR, respectively, mediated 13% (95% CI 6-53%) and 15% (95% CI 8-72%) of the association between the consumption of UPFs and OAC risk. UPF consumption was positively associated with accidental death in the negative control analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: We reaffirmed that higher UPF consumption is associated with greater risk of HNC and OAC in EPIC. The proportion mediated via adiposity was small. Further research is required to investigate other mechanisms that may be at play (if there is indeed any causal effect of UPF consumption on these cancers).
Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride, USP is a white, crystalline tricyclic amine salt with the molecular formula C 20H 21N • HCl and a molecular weight of 311.9. It has a melting point of 217ºC, and a pK aof 8.47 at 25ºC. It is freely soluble in water and alcohol, sparingly soluble in isopropanol, and insoluble in hydrocarbon solvents. If aqueous solutions are made alkaline, the free base separates. Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride is designated chemically as 3-( 5H-dibenzo[ a, d] cyclohepten-5-ylidene)- N, N-dimethyl-1-propanamine hydrochloride, and has the following structural formula: 

Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride is supplied as 10 mg tablets for oral administration. Each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: croscarmellose sodium, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol, pregelatinized starch (maize), titanium dioxide and yellow iron oxide.

FDA approved dissolution test specifications differ from USP.
Patients with human papillomavirus (HPV) or its surrogate marker p16, positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (p16+OPSCC) exhibit favorable overall survival (OS) rates of 70-100% at 3 years. These outcomes are dependent on disease burden and patient characteristics and independent of treatment modality. Significant treatment related side effects exist despite advances in radiotherapy (RT) technology, surgical techniques, and supportive care. In addition to common acute toxicities, the favorable OS of patients with p16+OPSCC potentially places them at increased risk for developing long-term treatment-induced side-effects. Therefore, it is important to establish novel management approaches that maintain excellent current clinical outcomes while effectively reducing acute and long-term side effects.

One such approach of limiting RT-induced toxicity is to decrease the amount of normal tissue that receives radiation through judicious reduction of RT treatment volumes. Treatment of elective nodal volumes increases dose to numerous organs at risk (OARs). Patients with well-lateralized tonsil tumors and limited neck disease can effectively be treated with ipsilateral nodal radiotherapy. However, based on recent phase III trials, contralateral (C/L) elective nodal radiation is performed for the majority of patients with p16+OPSCC increasing acute and long-term toxicities. Therefore, judicious data-driven approaches for decreasing the number of elective ipsilateral and contralateral nodal levels treated is necessary to limit RT-induced side effects. This protocol tests the hypothesis that treating only the high-risk sub-volumes of levels II and III would be effective in maintaining regional control in the elective neck while decreasing xerostomia (dry mouth) and dysphagia (swallowing difficulties).
Several neurologic diseases including spinal cord injury, Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis are accompanied by disturbances of the lower urinary tract functions. Clinical data indicates that chronic spinal cord stimulation can improve not only motor function but also ability to store urine and control micturition. Decoding the spinal mechanisms that regulate the functioning of detrusor (Detr) and external urethral sphincter (EUS) muscles is essential for effective neuromodulation therapy in patients with disturbances of micturition. In the present work we performed a mapping of Detr and EUS activity by applying epidural electrical stimulation (EES) at different levels of the spinal cord in decerebrated cat model. The study was performed in 5 adult male cats, evoked potentials were generated by EES aiming to recruit various spinal pathways responsible for LUT and hindlimbs control. Recruitment of Detr occurred mainly with stimulation of the lower thoracic and upper lumbar spinal cord (T13-L1 spinal segments). Responses in the EUS, in general, occurred with stimulation of all the studied sites of the spinal cord, however, a pronounced specificity was noted for the lower lumbar/upper sacral sections (L7-S1 spinal segments). These features were confirmed by comparing the normalized values of the slope angles used to approximate the recruitment curve data by the linear regression method. Thus, these findings are in accordance with our previous data obtained in rats and could be used for development of novel site-specific neuromodulation therapeutic approaches.