anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Gait disorder in Parkinson's disease (PD) contains several aspects including particularly the slowness of walking and freezing of gait (FOG). These problems may sometimes cause fall of patients and culminate in severe head injury and bony fracture. In this regard the understanding of freezing of gait and other parkinsonian ambulatory disorders is important for the management of patients. Previous electrophysiological studies of gait disorders were majorly focused on the kinetic and kinematric measurements. How the higher level neural structures including the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, sub-thalamic nucleus or pedunculopontine nucleus were involved in the gait processing are currently unknown. A recent study by adopting movement related cortical potential (MRCP) recording to probe the PD ambulatory disorders in freezing and non-freezing patients illustrated that PD patients with FOG lost the relationship between stride length and the movement related potentials. Since the study was performed in constrained condition and each trigger for MRCP did not guarantee to be of freezing nature in FOG patients, the results cannot reflect the true manifestations of gait freezing in PD patients. In the current proposal, we will perform concomitant recording of the scalp electroencephagraphic and leg electromyographic signals during unconstrained walking in normal subjects and PD with or without FOG. Independent component analysis (ICA) will be conducted for analyzing the possible differences of patterns among the three groups and within the FOG patients during the freezing and non-freezing phases. In addition, the cortical effective connectivity among different cortical regions during freezing and non-freezing phase will also be assessed. Since sub-thalamic nuclei and pedunculopontine nucleus may be involved in the ambulatory circuitry, we will also investigate this possibility in PD patients to be treated with deep brain stimulation. The nuclear local field potentials will be recorded concomitantly with scalp electroencephalographic signals and electromyographic signals during unconstrained signals. ICA and event related de-synchronization analysis will be conducted to understand the roles of these nuclei in walking. The effective connectivity of the deep nuclei and the cortical regions will also be assessed to learn the functional set of ambulation. The pioneer exploration of the higher level neural manifestations of walking will extend the spectrum from conventional kinetic and kinematric gait analysis to peep how the central neural circuitry operate in ambulation.
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of 4R-tau protein aggregates in various brain regions. PSP leads to neuronal loss, gliosis, and tau-positive inclusions, such as neurofibrillary tangles, tufted astrocytes, and coiled bodies. These pathological changes mainly affect the brainstem and the basal ganglia, resulting in distinctive MRI features, such as the hummingbird and morning glory signs. PSP shows clinical heterogeneity and presents as different phenotypes, the most classical of which is Richardson's syndrome (PSP-RS). The region of involvement and the mode of atrophy spread can further distinguish subtypes of PSP. PSP patients can experience various signs and symptoms, such as postural instability, supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, low amplitude fast finger tapping, and irregular sleep patterns. The most common symptoms of PSP are postural instability, falls, vertical gaze palsy, bradykinesia, and cognitive impairment. These features often overlap with those of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other Parkinsonian syndromes, making the diagnosis challenging. PSP is an essential clinical topic to research because it is a devastating and incurable disease. However, there are still many gaps in knowledge about its pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Several clinical trials are underway to test noveltherapies that target tau in various ways, such as modulating its post-translational modifications, stabilizing its interaction with microtubules, or enhancing its clearance by immunotherapy. These approaches may offer new hope for slowing down the progression of PSP. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the current knowledge on PSP, from its pathogenesis to its management. We also discuss the latest advances and future directions in PSP research.
A chronic wound is one that fails to progress through a normal timely sequence of repair, or in which the repair process fails to restore anatomic and functional integrity after 3 months. The most common chronic wounds include venous, ischaemic and mixed leg ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers and pressure injuries. Chronic wounds place immense physical and psychosocial burden on patients and exact heavy costs for healthcare systems, with many patients continuing to live with chronic wounds even after all management options have been exhausted. The muscle pump activator (MPA) device can be used to bridge this therapeutic gap. By stimulating the common peroneal nerve to activate venous muscle pump of the leg and foot, the MPA device increases blood flow to the lower leg and foot to improve conditions for healing. Currently, evidence in the literature exist to show that the MPA device improves wound outcomes over standard compression therapy, decreases edema and increases wound healing rates. In this review, we also present a series of chronic wound patients treated with the MPA device in multicentre clinics to demonstrate the ability of the MPA device to improve wound outcomes, reduce pain and edema and improve patient quality of life.
Ciprofloxacin extended-release tablets and ciprofloxacin immediate-release tablets are not interchangeable. Ciprofloxacin extended-release tablets should be administered orally once daily as described in the following Dosage Guidelines table:

Patients whose therapy is started with ciprofloxacin I.V. for urinary tract infections may be switched to ciprofloxacin extended-release tablets when clinically indicated at the discretion of the physician.

Ciprofloxacin extended-release tablets should be administered at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after antacids containing magnesium or aluminum, as well as sucralfate, VIDEX® (didanosine) chewable/buffered tablets or pediatric powder, other highly buffered drugs, metal cations such as iron, and multivitamin preparations with zinc. Although ciprofloxacin extended-release tablets may be taken with meals that include milk, concomitant administration with dairy products alone, or with calcium-fortified products should be avoided, since decreased absorption is possible. A 2-hour window between substantial calcium intake (> 800 mg) and dosing with ciprofloxacin extended-release tablets are recommended. Ciprofloxacin extended-release tablets should be swallowed whole. DO NOT SPLIT, CRUSH, OR CHEW THE TABLET. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Drug-drug Interactions, PRECAUTIONS, Drug Interactions and Information for Patients.)
The present disclosure provides a system. In an embodiment, a system for billing healthcare services is provided and includes one or more computing devices. The one or more computing devices include a memory module, an interface, and a processing module. The processing module includes a billing module and an integration module. The memory module stores (i) patient historical data, (ii) a universal charge master database, (iii) a medical billing code database, (iv) a payor fee schedule database, and (v) an entire health encounter (EHE) database. The EHE database includes a unique identifier for each EHE. For each EHE, the unique identifier includes a custom code, a procedure name, a description of EHE services, a list of EHE-related medical billing codes, and a contract rate for the EHE. Receipt of the custom code by the billing module triggers the integration module to perform the following functions: (vi) calculate a universal charge rate for the EHE based on the EHE-related medical billing codes and the universal charge master; (vii) attach the custom code to the contract rate for a specified payor; (viii) apply a discount for the difference between the universal charge rate and the contract rate; and (ix) generate a bill for healthcare service for the specified payor. The bill has a 1-line entry with the custom code, the procedure name, and the contract rate.
PURPOSE:To provide the title composition useful as a health food, etc., for the prevention of diabetes, hyperlipemia, obesity, etc., and containing a basic peptide having a specific mol.wt. and obtained by the enzymatic decomposition of fish meat. CONSTITUTION:Meat of a fish such as sardine or hair-tail is homogenized with water, adjusted to pH 6.0 and hydrolyzed with a proteinase. The decomposed liquid is boiled to inactivate the enzyme and filtered after cooling. The filtrate is added with activated carbon and filtered again to obtain a clear crude peptide solution. The solution is concentrated under reduced pressure, added wit methanol and left standing. The obtained precipitate is dissolved in water and purified by column chromatography, etc., to obtain the objective basic peptide having a mol.wt. of 500-5,000 and high lysine content.
Although the development and regulatory approval of the thrombopoietin receptor agonists revolutionized aspects of the immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) treatment landscape over the past two decades, there remain many areas of high unmet need. Therefore, a number of investigational and repurposed agents are currently undergoing clinical development in ITP. In a departure from historical trials, which largely focused on the indefinite treatment of persistent or chronic ITP, ongoing trials run the gamut of disease phases, and include novel agents being evaluated in early phases of the disease to attempt to modify the disease course. Many agents in development target disease pathophysiologic mechanisms not previously targeted by agents in current use, including platelet autoantibody recycling, B-cell maturation and differentiation, long-lived plasma cells, and the complement system, among others. These agents represent promising treatment options for patients with otherwise refractory disease or who are intolerant of currently available therapies. Additionally, with our increasing understanding of the diverse immune mechanisms at play in ITP, the expansion of the therapeutic armamentarium to include agents targeting diverse pathophysiologic mechanisms may allow a more personalized therapeutic selection in the future. This manuscript provides an up-to-date, in-depth overview of recently completed and ongoing clinical trials in ITP.
PURPOSE: To elucidate the impact of long COVID on menstruation and mental health, medical records of patients with long COVID were evaluated.
METHODS: Symptoms of long COVID, QOL, mental health, and related endocrine data were compared between two groups with and without menstrual disturbances.
RESULTS: Of 349 female patients who visited our clinic between February 2021 and March 2023, 223 patients with long COVID (aged 18-50 years) were included. Forty-four (19.7%) of the patients had menstrual symptoms associated with long COVID. The patients with menstrual symptoms were older than those without menstrual symptoms (42.5 vs. 38 years). The percentage of patients with menstrual symptoms was higher during the Omicron phase (24%) than during the Preceding (13%) and Delta (12%) phases. Cycle irregularity was the most frequent (in 63.6% of the patients), followed by severe pain (25%), heavy bleeding (20.5%), perimenopausal symptoms (18.2%), and premenstrual syndrome (15.9%). Fatigue and depression were the most frequent complications. Scores for fatigue and for QOL were significantly worse in long COVID patients with menstrual symptoms. Results of endocrine examinations showed significantly increased cortisol levels in patients with menstrual complaints.
CONCLUSION: Long COVID has an impact on menstrual conditions and on QOL related to menstrual conditions.
BACKGROUND: The main contributors to death and disability from chronic illnesses in developing nations are elevated blood pressure (hypertension), blood sugar (diabetes mellitus), and blood cholesterol (dyslipidaemia). Even though there are affordable treatments, the treatment gap for these conditions is still significant. Few pilot studies from industrialized nations discuss the value of peer-led interventions for achieving community-level management of blood pressure and blood sugar. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of peer-led intervention compared to standard care in achieving control of selected non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Indian context at 1 year of intervention among people of 30-60 years with hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus and/or dyslipidaemia.
METHODS: A cluster-randomized controlled trial will be conducted in villages of two rural blocks of the Khordha district of Odisha from August 2023 to December 2024. A total of 720 eligible participants (360 in the intervention group and 360 in the control group) will be recruited and randomized into two study arms. The participants in the intervention arm will receive a peer-led intervention model for 6 months in addition to standard care. The sessions will be based on the six domains of NCDs - self-care, follow-up care, medication, physical activity, diet, limiting substance use, mental health and co-morbidities. The mean reduction in blood pressure, HbA1C, and blood cholesterol in the intervention arm compared to the standard care arm will be the main outcome.
DISCUSSION: The increasing burden of NCDs demands for newer strategies for management. Peer-led interventions have proven to be useful at the international level. Incorporating it in India will have remarkable results in controlling NCDs.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI) CTRI/2023/02/050022. Registered on 23 February 2023.
An apparatus, including a computer including a database, and a distributed ledger. The computer provides information regarding a care plan and facilitates a video call between a user device and a first provider device. The computer receives, processes, and stores, information regarding the individual or patient in the first electronic healthcare record and a second healthcare record. If the care plan needs to be revised, the computer generates a care plan revision message and transmits the care plan revision message to the first provider device. The computer processes information for creating a revised care plan or receives information regarding a revised care plan, and stores information regarding the revised care plan in the database, the first electronic healthcare record, and the second healthcare record. Information regarding the video call, the information regarding the individual or patient, and the revised care plan, are stored in the distributed ledger.
Derivatives of 5-arylpyrido [2,3-e] [1,4] thiazepinone with blocking activity of the mitochondrial sodium/calcium exchanger. {image-01} The present invention relates to compounds of general formula (I), and their use in the manufacture of medicaments useful for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, epilepsy, diabetes or, in general, any disease or pathology caused by impaired functions. Where the mitochondrial sodium/calcium exchanger is involved. These diseases have been described as having a mitochondrial dysfunction and an alteration of ca2 homeostasis in the neurons. For this reason, the compounds of general formula (I) have the na/ca2 exchanger of the mitochondria as biological targets. In addition, given the lack of powerful and selective pharmacological tools to study the na/ca2 exchanger of the mitochondria, the compounds of the invention are useful for studying the physiology and pathophysiology of this biological target in the processes where its role has been discovered, or in future experimental observations. The present invention can be framed in the field of the pharmaceutical industry. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
The invention discloses a toltrazuril potassium salt soluble powder and a preparation method thereof. The toltrazuril potassium salt soluble powder is prepared from the following raw materials by mass percent: 2.5-50% of toltrazuril potassium salt, 1-20% of a pH regulator, 0.1-3% of an anti-caking agent and 27-96.4% of a water soluble diluent. According to the method, a solid dispersion technology is adopted, so that the toltrazuril potassium salt can be well dispersed in solid dispersion carrier formed by the water soluble diluent, the pH regulator and the anti-caking agent, and the toltrazuril potassium salt soluble powder can be prepared. The toltrazuril potassium salt soluble powder is soluble in water, high in stability and weak in hygroscopicity. Therefore, the medicine prepared by the soluble powder is soluble in water, high in stability and weak in hygroscopicity, can be used for treating and preventing coccidiosis of animals, and is remarkable in treatment effect and convenient in dosage; furthermore, the dosage of administration can be accurately controlled according to the state of the illness of the animal, so that the coccidiosis of the animals can be rapidly and accurately prevented and treated, and the waste of the medicine in the dosing process can be avoided. The prepared soluble powder is simple in method and low in cost.
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of Bismuth Subsalicylate Chewable Tablets/Metronidazole Tablets/Tetracycline Hydrochloride Capsules in pregnant women. However, tetracycline can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. The use of drugs of the tetracycline class during the second and third trimester of pregnancy can also cause permanent discoloration of the teeth (yellow-gray brown) and possibly inhibit bone development (See WARNINGS). Administration of oral tetracycline to pregnant rats at various doses resulted in yellow fluorescence in teeth and bones in the newborn animals. Metronidazole usage in pregnancy has been evaluated in numerous studies. In one of these studies, an increased risk of cleft lip, with or without cleft palate, was noted in infants exposed to metronidazole in–utero; however these findings were not confirmed. If Bismuth Subsalicylate Chewable Tablets/Metronidazole Tablets/Tetracycline Hydrochloride Capsules is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking Bismuth Subsalicylate Chewable Tablets/Metronidazole Tablets/Tetracycline Hydrochloride Capsules, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus (see PRECAUTIONS, Pregnancy).
The present invention relates to antibodies and antigen-binding portions thereof that specifically bind to interleukin 5 (IL-5), which is preferably human IL-5. The invention also relates to human anti-IL-5 antibodies, including chimeric, bispecific, derivatized, single chain antibodies or portions of fusion proteins. The invention also relates to isolated heavy and light chain immunoglobulin molecules derived from anti-IL-5 antibodies and nucleic acid molecules encoding such molecules. The present invention also relates to methods of making anti-IL-5 antibodies, pharmaceutical compositions comprising these antibodies and methods of using the antibodies and compositions thereof for diagnosis and treatment. The invention also provides gene therapy methods using nucleic acid molecules encoding the heavy and/or light immunoglobulin molecules that comprise the human anti-IL-5 antibodies. The invention also relates to gene therapy methods and transgenic animals comprising nucleic acid molecules of the present invention.
###  Pediatric Patients

Idarubicin studies in pediatric leukemia patients, at doses of 4.2 to 13.3 mg/m2/day × 3, suggest dose independent kinetics. There is no difference between the half-lives of the drug following daily × 3 or weekly × 3 administration. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of idarubicin and idarubicinol were measured in pediatric leukemia patients treated intravenously. Idarubicin was detected in 2 of 21 CSF samples (0.14 and 1.57 ng/mL), while idarubicinol was detected in 20 of these 21 CSF samples obtained 18 to 30 hours after dosing (mean = 0.51 ng/mL; range, 0.22 to 1.05 ng/mL). The clinical relevance of these findings is unknown.

###  Hepatic and Renal Impairment

The pharmacokinetics of idarubicin have not been evaluated in leukemia patients with hepatic impairment. It is expected that in patients with moderate or severe hepatic dysfunction, the metabolism of idarubicin may be impaired and lead to higher systemic drug levels. The disposition of idarubicin may be also affected by renal impairment. Therefore, a dose reduction should be considered in patients with hepatic and/or renal impairment (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE           The disclosure describes dental alloys composed primarily of nickel, chromium and silicon and containing on a weight percent basis about 65 to 75% nickel, about 15 to 23.5% chromium and about 3.5 to 6% silicon, to which a small amount of molybdenum and boron are added, preferably not more than 7%.  These alloys have a fusion temperature within the range of 2050° to 2250°F, a tensile strength of at least 90,000 p.s.i., and a coefficient of expansion in the range of from about 13.5 x 10-6 in/in/°C to 13.8 x 10-6 in/in/°C. As casted, the alloys have a Rockwell C hardness within the range of about 25 to 33, and good bonding to porcelain.  These alloys have good physical strength, corrosion resistance, workability and ability to bond porcelain.  They have a base of substantially less than gold but are equal to or better than gold for many dental applications.  The alloys are also useful in dental applications not requiring bonding to porcelain or plastic as in the preparation of metal inlays or onlays.
Age - Citalopram pharmacokinetics in subjects ≥ 60 years of age were compared to younger subjects in two normal volunteer studies. In a single-dose study, citalopram AUC and half-life were increased in the elderly subjects by 30% and 50%, respectively, whereas in a multiple-dose study they were increased by 23% and 30%, respectively. 20 mg is the recommended dose for most elderly patients (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).  
  
Gender - In three pharmacokinetic studies (total N=32), citalopram AUC in women was one and a half to two times that in men. This difference was not observed in five other pharmacokinetic studies (total N=114). In clinical studies, no differences in steady state serum citalopram levels were seen between men (N=237) and women (N=388). There were no gender differences in the pharmacokinetics of DCT and DDCT. No adjustment of dosage on the basis of gender is recommended.  
  
Reduced hepatic function - Citalopram oral clearance was reduced by 37% and half-life was doubled in patients with reduced hepatic function compared to normal subjects. 20 mg is the recommended dose for most hepatically impaired patients (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).  
  
Reduced renal function - In patients with mild to moderate renal function impairment, oral clearance of citalopram was reduced by 17% compared to normal subjects. No adjustment of dosage for such patients is recommended. No information is available about the pharmacokinetics of citalopram in patients with severely reduced renal function (creatinine clearance < 20 mL/min).