anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Sugammadex is associated with fewer postoperative pulmonary complications than is neostigmine reversal of neuromuscular blockade. However, the Food and Drug Administration-approved package insert states that its use is "not recommended" in severe renal impairment, separately defined as creatinine clearance <30 mL/min. Recently, the formula for estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was updated to remove the race variable. Compared to the prior formula, the new consensus equation lowers the estimated GFR for African American patients and raises it for everyone else. We sought to determine how this change could differently impact the use of sugammadex, and thus the rate of pulmonary complications, for both African American and non-African American patients.
METHODS: We used Monte Carlo simulation models to estimate the difference in pulmonary complications that would be suffered by patients when the change in creatine clearance calculated from the estimated GFR (using the old race-based and new race-neutral Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration formulas) crossed the 30 mL/min threshold, which would require a change in sugammadex or neostigmine use.
RESULTS: We found that 0.22% (95% confidence interval 0.14%-0.36%) of African American patients' creatinine clearance would drop from above to below 30 mL/min making sugammadex not recommended and 0.19% (0.16%-0.22%) of non-African American patients would have creatinine clearance increase to >30 mL/min making sugammadex now recommended. Based on our model, we estimate that African American patients would suffer (count [95% confidence interval]) 3 [0.4-6] more pulmonary complications per 100,000 African American patients who received rocuronium or vecuronium through the change from sugammadex to neostigmine reversal to comply with labeling recommendations. Conversely, the same change in formulas would reduce the number of non-African American patients suffering pulmonary complications by 3 [2-4] per 100,000.
CONCLUSIONS: The recent change in GFR formulas may potentially be associated with an increase in postoperative pulmonary complications in African American patients and a decrease in postoperative pulmonary complications in non-African American patients through GFR-driven changes in sugammadex use.
A search query for a predefined protocol name for the electronic medical report is generated. The search query is processed for the predefined protocol names. One or more predefined protocol names are identified from a plurality of protocol names in a protocol names database. An electronic medical report is generated using the one or more predefined protocol names. A rank for the protocol names is computed based on best matching criteria. The one or more of the identified predefined protocol names are selected based on the rank associated with the protocol name. The predefined protocol name is assigned to an appropriate field in an electronic medical report. A medical report database storing all the medical reports is indexed based on the predefined protocols so that the medical reports may be searched by querying the predefined protocol name.
Night shift workers suffer from poor sleep quality, high levels of fatigue, and irregular sleep patterns. The overarching goal of this research study is to determine "proof of concept" of effect of a non-invasive sleep aid device on sleep and performance during sleep opportunities (naps) that occur during and after simulated night shift work. The device is commercially available and worn on the wrist (the ApolloNeuro). We will use a laboratory-based, randomized crossover trial with two conditions tested. With 24 total subjects enrolled and 20 total completing the study as designed, we have 80% power to detect a moderate to large effect size difference between the two conditions tested. Study findings will guide a "go-no-go" decision for future, large-sample studies.
This arm will follow the Education Intervention arm (BPA, provider education, mailed education and follow up survey) Approximately 50% of patients in the Education Intervention arm will be randomized to receive an interactive voice response (IVR) telephone call approximately 14 calendar days following receipt of his/her new opioid prescription. The IVR is intended to remind patients/caregivers to properly dispose of any unused medication and gather information from the patient on any disposal actions the patient has taken.
BACKGROUND: There are limited data on the epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and their contribution to adverse birth outcomes (ABO) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We performed a case-control study to assess the prevalence of STI and their association with ABO among women attending Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi.
METHODS: A composite case definition for ABO included stillborn, preterm and low birthweight infants and infants admitted to neonatal intensive care unit within 24 hours of birth. Following recruitment of an infant with an ABO, the next born healthy infant was recruited as a control. Multiplex PCR for Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) was performed on maternal vaginal swabs. HIV and syphilis status was determined on maternal and infant serum. For syphilis, we used combined treponemal/non-treponemal rapid point-of-care tests in parallel with rapid plasma reagin tests, PCR for Treponema pallidum and clinical parameters to diagnose and stage the infection. We compared STI positivity between cases and controls.
RESULTS: We included 259 cases and 251 controls. Maternal prevalence of STI was 3.1%, 2.7% and 17.1% for NG, CT and TV, respectively. Maternal prevalence of untreated syphilis was 2.0% and 6.1% for early stage and late/unknown stage, respectively; prevalence of treated syphilis was 2.7%. The HIV prevalence was 16.5%. HIV infection significantly increased the odds for ABO (OR=3.31; 95% CI 1.10 to 9.91) as did NG positivity (OR=4.30; 95% CI 1.16 to 15.99). We observed higher rates of ABO among women with untreated maternal syphilis (early: OR=7.13; 95% CI 0.87 to 58.39, late/unknown stage: OR=1.43; 95% CI 0.65 to 3.15). Maternal TV and CT infections were not associated with ABO.
CONCLUSION: STI prevalence among pregnant women in Malawi is comparable to other SSA countries. HIV, NG and untreated syphilis prevalence was higher among women with ABO compared with women with healthy infants.
PURPOSE: To provide an X-ray imaging agent which contains a specific contrast medium and polymer substances contg. polar electrons combined with bivalent cations and capable of forming films on the gastrointestinal traces and is used for uniformly coating the soft tissues to be subjected to an inspection. CONSTITUTION: This X-ray contrast medium contains polymers which have the atoms (more particularly adequately O, N, S) contg. the polar electrons combined with the bivalent cations (more particularly adequately Ca, Mg, Zn, Ba) and is capable of forming the films on the gastrointestinal tracts and the X-ray contrast medium of formula I (Z is H, halo, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, cyano; R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, etc.; X is 1 to 3; (y) is 1 to 4; (n) is 1 to 5) or its medicinally permissible salts. The polymer substances are preferably the anions of formula II, formula III, formula IV (R is a polymer chain; M<++> is a bivalent cation). The polymer substances are, for example, dermatan sulphuric acid, polysaccharides, such as starch, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, etc. A surfactant may be further added into the system.
Estrogen cream is FDA-approved for vaginal use for the treatment of sexual pain, but its use in a new location is experimental. Pain with sex is a common problem experienced by women after menopause and the relationship of pain to sexual difficulties is well established. The cause has been assumed to be atrophy and the location has been assumed to be the vagina. Recent focused studies have shown that the location of pain is the vulvar vestibule and usually not the vagina. This study will look at pain before and after therapy with estrogen when only the vulvar entryway area is treated. This will be a study focused on sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women.
BACKGROUND: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) causes low back pain, leg pain, numbness in the leg, and neurogenic intermittent claudication. Epidural steroid injection (ESI) has been used for treating spinal stenosis symptoms. We hypothesized that dural pulsation was variable for lumbar spinal stenosis. In cases of the presence of dural pulsation, the pain relief after the ESI was better than in the absence of dural pulsation. This study aimed at investigating the relationships between the presence or absence of spinal dural pulsations and the efficacy of ESI.
METHODS: A total of 71 patients were enrolled in this prospective study. Prior to the ESI, the dural pulsation was measured using a 5-1 MHz array ultrasound transducer. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score was measured pre-ESI and 2 weeks post-ESI and 4 weeks post-ESI. At 4 weeks post-ESI, dural pulsation was rechecked.
RESULTS: The VAS scores improved after the ESI procedure regardless of the presence or absence of dural pulsation. There was a correlation between the pulsation of the dura and post-ESI VAS scores. However, VAS was not significantly different for different grades of stenosis.
CONCLUSION: The ESI was effective in patients with spinal stenosis in short-term follow-up. Dural pulsation of the spinal cord was a positive predictive factor for the ESI effect, but the grade of spinal stenosis severity had no effect on the effectiveness of ESI.
A fixation target will be presented at the center of the display and participants will be asked to keep the target visible at all time. The investigators will measure participants' fixational eye movements continuously and when a microsaccade (small fast eye movements that occur during fixation of a visual target) is detected, the fixation target (a small dot) will jump to a different location, depending on whether the training is to adapt the microsaccades to have smaller or larger amplitudes. With trials, participants would automatically correct for the spatial errors and thus adapting their microsaccade amplitudes. Training consists of 5-6 sessions of training (about 1 hour each). These training sessions will be scheduled weekly if possible, but it is alright if the sessions are not exactly weekly.
The invention discloses a Wuzi Yanzong pill which is prepared from 22 percent of herba epimedii, 10 percent of barbary wolfberry fruit, 10 percent of cuscuta chinensis, 10 percent of semen plantaginis, 10 percent of schisandra chinensis, 10 percent of raspberry, 12 percent of rehmannia glutinosa, 12 percent of rhizoma curculiginis and 4 percent of cordyceps sinensis. The method comprises the following steps: performing ultrafine grinding on the traditional Chinese medicines, uniformly stirring, preparing pills, and taking the pills twice per day while limosis by using boiling water, wherein 15-20g of pills is taken each time. The Wuzi Yanzong pill has the functions of producing sperms and is mainly used for treating azoospermia; and meanwhile, testosterone propionate is injected according to the conventional amount, and the vitamin E is internally taken. For example, an aspermia patient, male, 29-year-old, is childless within three years after marriage, has apathetic sexual desire, sometimes has erectile dysfunction, has less spermiation along with dizziness, forgetfulness, waist soreness and lacking in strength and pulse-taking combination, the syndrome differentiation is kidney deficiency yin fluid insufficiency, and the method is used for treating tonifying kidney and generating body fluid. According to the Wuzi Yanzong pill, Chinese and western medicines are integrated for treatment of 20 days, the patient feels the refreshment, and the erectile dysfunction is cured. After the Wuzi Yanzong pill is continuously taken for two months, the wife of the patient is impregnated.
REVLIMID, a thalidomide analogue, is an immunomodulatory agent with antiangiogenic and antineoplastic properties. The chemical name is 3-(4-amino-1-oxo 1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl) piperidine-2,6-dione and it has the following chemical structure: 

3-(4-amino-1-oxo 1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl) piperidine-2,6-dione 

The empirical formula for lenalidomide is C13H13N3O3, and the gram molecular weight is 259.3. 

Lenalidomide is an off-white to pale-yellow solid powder. It is soluble in organic solvent/water mixtures, and buffered aqueous solvents. Lenalidomide is more soluble in organic solvents and low pH solutions. Solubility was significantly lower in less acidic buffers, ranging from about 0.4 to 0.5 mg/ml. Lenalidomide has an asymmetric carbon atom and can exist as the optically active forms S(-) and R(+), and is produced as a racemic mixture with a net optical rotation of zero.

REVLIMID is available in 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg and 25 mg capsules for oral administration. Each capsule contains lenalidomide as the active ingredient and the following inactive ingredients: lactose anhydrous, microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, and magnesium stearate. The 5 mg and 25 mg capsule shell contains gelatin, titanium dioxide and black ink. The 2.5 mg and 10 mg capsule shell contains gelatin, FD&C blue #2, yellow iron oxide, titanium dioxide and black ink. The 15 mg capsule shell contains gelatin, FD&C blue #2, titanium dioxide and black ink. The 20 mg capsule shell contains gelatin, FD&C blue #2, yellow iron oxide, titanium dioxide and black ink.
Fluoxetine is indicated for the treatment of panic disorder, with or without agoraphobia, as defined in DSM-IV. Panic disorder is characterized by the occurrence of unexpected panic attacks, and associated concern about having additional attacks, worry about the implications or consequences of the attacks, and/or a significant change in behavior related to the attacks.

The efficacy of fluoxetine was established in two 12 week clinical trials in patients whose diagnoses corresponded to the DSM-IV category of panic disorder (see Clinical Trials).

Panic disorder (DSM-IV) is characterized by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks, i.e., a discrete period of intense fear or discomfort in which 4 or more of the following symptoms develop abruptly and reach a peak within 10 minutes: 1) palpitations, pounding heart, or accelerated heart rate; 2) sweating; 3) trembling or shaking; 4) sensations of shortness of breath or smothering; 5) feeling of choking; 6) chest pain or discomfort; 7) nausea or abdominal distress; 8) feeling dizzy, unsteady, lightheaded, or faint; 9) fear of losing control; 10) fear of dying; 11) paresthesias (numbness or tingling sensations); 12) chills or hot flashes.

The effectiveness of fluoxetine in long-term use, i.e., for more than 12 weeks, has not been established in placebo-controlled trials. Therefore, the physician who elects to use fluoxetine for extended periods should periodically reevaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION).
Participants will receive aspirin in Phase 1 followed by matched placebo in Phase 2, or vice versa, over 14 days. The order will be randomized and aspirin/placebo will be double-blinded.
PURPOSE:To provide a medicine low in side effects and useful as an excellent medicine for prevention or improvement of gallstone diseases. CONSTITUTION:This gallstone formation inhibitor contains SHOSAIKOTO (kind of Chinese medicine) exhibiting an anti-inflammatory effect, a cell membrane stabilization effect, an anti-allergic effect, an immunological enhancement effect, etc., and, therefore, used for improving various kinds of chronic hepatic diseases as the active component. SHOSAIKOTO contains Bupleuri radix, Pinelliae tuber, Scutellariae radix, Zizyphi fructus, ginseng, Glycyrrhizae radix and Zingiberis rhizoma respectively in a ratio within a range of 4.0 to 7.0, 4.0 to 5.0, 3.0, 2.0 to 3.0, 2.0 to 3.0, 4.0 and 1.0 to 4.0. SHOSAIKOTO is used for preparation without any modification or in the form of an extract, preferably an aqueous extract in combination with a known medical carrier. This inhibitor has a remarkable inhibition effect on biliary hypertrophy or gallstone formation in the liver or the bile duct. As the suitable dosage, 3 to 15g/day per adult is administrated in several times a day.
Eligible participants will be administered epoetin alfa SC as per the standard of care for eight months (TP and EP), and will be followed-up for 15 days following the final study visit. Participants who self-administered/visited to clinics for ESA dosing prior to randomization will continue to do so.
Objective of the study is to determine the influence of the cream with Silver fir wood (Abies alba) extract (Belinal; 2% cream) on the skin parameters and functions in comparison to the placebo cream. 10 healthy female subjects will use the test cream on one half and placebo cream on the other half of the face and of the gluteal area (split-face and split-gluteal area ) twice a day for 12 weeks. Face skin parameters will be evaluated before the cream use (the baseline), after 6 and after 12 weeks of the cream use. The photoprotective potential of Belinal will be evaluated with a determination of the minimal erythema dose (MED) at the gluteal area before (the baseline) and after 12 weeks of the cream use. Comparison will be done as the mean of the individual ratios. The differences between the before-after condition will be analyzed with the statistical test of analysis of variance. In case of failure to find homogeneity in the variances the nonparametric ANOVA, the Willcoxon test, will be used. The results will be expressed as mean ± standard error for each group with a significance level of 0.05 for all the statistical tests.
Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is associated with diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). STEC infections in Costa Rica are rarely reported in children. We gathered all the records of STEC infections in children documented at the National Children's Hospital, a tertiary referral hospital, from 2015 to 2020. Clinical, microbiological, and genomic information were analyzed and summarized. A total of 3,768 diarrheal episodes were reviewed. Among them, 31 STEC were characterized (29 fecal, 1 urine, and 1 bloodstream infection). The prevalence of diarrheal disease due to STEC was estimated at 0.8% (n = 29/3,768), and HUS development was 6.4% (n = 2/31). The stx1 gene was found in 77% (n = 24/31) of STEC strains. In silico genomic predictions revealed a predominant prevalence of serotype O118/O152:H2, accompanied by a cluster exhibiting allele differences ranging from 33 to 8, using a core-genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) approach. This is the first study using a genomic approach for STEC infections in Costa Rica.IMPORTANCEThis study provides a comprehensive description of clinical, microbiological, genomic, and demographic data from patients who attended the only pediatric hospital in Costa Rica with Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections. Despite the low prevalence of STEC infections, we found a predominant serotype O118/O152:H2, highlighting the pivotal role of genomics in understanding the epidemiology of public health threats such as STEC. Employing a genomic approach for this pathogen for the first time in Costa Rica, we identified a higher prevalence of STEC in children under 2 years old, especially those with gastrointestinal comorbidities, residing in densely populated regions. Limitations such as potential geographic bias and lack of strains due to direct molecular diagnostics are acknowledged, emphasizing the need for continued surveillance to uncover the true extent of circulating serotypes and potential outbreaks in Costa Rica.
Human keratinized gingiva includes free and adherent gingival portions and extends from the gingival margin to the mucogingival junction. Clinical studies have concluded that a keratinized gingival margin of at least 2 mm in width is required to maintain periodontal health around teeth. Similar to periodontal health, it has been reported that insufficient keratinized gingival width in the peri-implant region can lead to problems such as plaque accumulation, pain during brushing, increased gingival inflammation, gingival recession and peri-implant bone loss. To avoid all these problems, a number of surgical procedures have been proposed to increase the width of the keratinized gingiva. Among the surgical procedures used to increase the width of the keratinized gingiva, free gingival grafting stands out for its ease of use and the fact that it requires no additional material. Free gingival grafting is an effective way to restore periodontal health and achieve esthetic results. Scientific studies show that free gingival grafting is a successful method for treating gingival recession and preventing complications in implant surgery.In free gingival grafting, the epithelial graft from the palate leaves an open wound surface that can take 2 to 4 weeks to heal. Accordingly, the most common postoperative problem is pain at the recipient and donor sites. Various surgical techniques and a number of postoperative applications have been proposed in the literature to prevent pain. These studies have mostly focused on pain control at the donor site. For example, in a study conducted with the hypothesis that an epithelial graft harvested from the donor site in a smaller size compared to traditional methods may cause less pain, it was reported that graft size had no effect on postoperative pain. On the other hand, the efficacy of different applications on the palatal wound area after free gingival transplantation using the traditional method has also been evaluated. In a systematic review, platelet-rich fibrin membrane applied to protect the donor site after surgery was shown to reduce the pain symptom. In a randomized controlled trial, a low-dose laser was also applied to the donor site, and it was reported that postoperative pain was less than in individuals without laser application. Although there are studies evaluating donor site pain control after free gingival surgery, there is no study evaluating the patient's pain control systemically. Our study was designed to contribute to the literature in this regard.
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in obese patients (body mass index [BMI] > 30) is associated with increased complications. There is a renewed interest in cementless fixation in obese patients. However, the ideal method of TKA fixation in obese patients remains unclear. The literature was systematically reviewed to evaluate survivorship and functional outcomes of cemented versus cementless TKAs performed in obese patients. Complications, revision rates, and patient-reported functional outcomes were examined in studies comparing cemented and cementless fixation methods. Five articles met inclusion criteria to be included in the review. The cementless cohort had lower revision rates in two included studies but no difference in the three other studies examined. Functional outcomes were inconsistently reported. Overlap of patient cohorts and heterogeneity in reporting of functional outcomes precluded a pooled metaanalysis. Cementless TKA may have lower revision rates and better functional outcomes in obese patients, but paucity of data and inconsistency in reporting of functional outcomes prevents definitive conclusions. (Journal of Surgical Orthopaedic Advances 33(3):189-195, 2024).