anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: To date, fiber tractography (FT) is predominantly based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). High angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI)-based reconstructions have become a focus of interest, enabling the resolution of intravoxel fiber crossing. However, experience with high resolution tractography (HRFT) for neurosurgical applications is still limited to a few reports. This prospectively designed feasibility study shares our initial experience using an analytical q-ball approach (QBI) for FT of language-associated pathways in comparison with DTI-FT, focussing on a quantitative analysis and evaluation of its applicability in clinical routine.
METHODS: Probabilistic QBI-, and DTI-FT were performed for the major components of the language-associated fiber bundles (superior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, medial/inferior longitudinal faciculus) in 11 patients with eloquent gliomas. The data was derived from a routine DWI sequence (b=1000s/mm2, 64 gradient directions). Quantitative analysis evaluated tract volume (TV), tract length (TL) and tract density (TD). Results were correlated to tumor and edema size.
RESULTS: Quantitative analysis showed larger TV and TL of the overall fiber object using QBI-FT compared with DTI-FT (TV: 16.45±1.85 vs. 10.07±1.15cm3; P<0.0001; TL: 81.95±6.14 vs. 72.06±6.92 mm; P=0.0011). Regarding overall TD, DTI delivered significantly higher values (40.57±6.59 vs. 60.98±15.94 points/voxel; P=0.0118). Bland-Altman analysis illustrated a systematic advantage to yield lager TV and TL via QBI compared with DTI for all reconstructed pathways. The results were independent of tumor or edema volume.
CONCLUSIONS: QBI proved to be suitable for an application in the neurosurgical setting without additional expense for the patient. Quantitative analysis of FT reveals larger overall TV, longer TL with lower TD using QBI compared with DTI, suggesting the better depiction of marginal and terminal fibers according to neuroanatomical knowledge. This emphasizes the known limitation of DTI to underestimate the dimensions of a pathway. Rather than relying on DTI, sophisticated HRFT techniques should be considered for preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance in selected cases of eloquent glioma surgery.
START NOW is an evidence-informed psychotherapy composed of a total of 32-skills-based-sessions, originally designed for inmates in correctional systems. A previous study of incarcerated individuals found that for each additional session of START NOW completed, a 5% reduction in the incident rate of disciplinary reports was noted.10 In fact, individuals with a higher overall security risk score also had a greater reduction in the number of disciplinary reports with more sessions attended, suggesting that START NOW is an effective behavioral intervention for those who need it most. A follow-up study on these same participants concluded that START NOW appears to have a beneficial clinical effect with each session completed being associated with a 5% decrease in subsequent psychiatric hospital days.
A subset of 6 communities will be elected through a stratification process. Youth will complete a set of protective factors measures and outcomes. Adults will complete a section of the Neighborhood Matters survey.
Low back pain (LBP) has a lifetime prevalence of 80%, with approximately 20% of individuals experiencing recurrent episodes or chronic LBP (cLBP). Unfortunately, the evidence for the effectiveness of most rehabilitative treatment is low. With an economic burden approaching $100-billion in the United States alone, the National Institutes of Health has invested millions of dollars in innovative technologies aiming to improve rehabilitative care for low back injuries. As part of this initiative, the investigator's collaborative network of expert clinicians, engineers, and researchers have developed and tested robotic apparel technology (exosuit) that supplements ergonomic and biomechanical training and can be utilized by clinicians in the treatment of individuals with LBP.

Failed rehabilitation, and thus progression from acute to cLBP, is thought to be caused by maladaptive motor control strategies, muscle hyperactivity, reduced movement variability, and development of fear-avoidance-beliefs. The exosuit technology was designed to reduce exertion, encourage safe, varied movement strategies, and promote recovery through well-timed assistive forces to the trunk and hips during flexion postures and lifting tasks. The proposed project builds on this work through use of the exosuit to augment traditional physical therapy care. In doing so, the investigators will determine whether this technology can enhance rehabilitation after back injuries, interrupt the progression of acute to chronic LBP, encourage non-maladaptive movement strategies, and expedite the timeline of return to prior level of function.

To examine the effects of exosuit augmented physical therapy rehabilitation and reduce disability, the investigators will recruit individuals with LBP who are referred to or receiving physical therapy into a single arm clinical trial. The investigators will evaluate feasibility, safety and usability of the exosuit, as well as changes in pain and disability throughout 6 weeks of rehabilitation and compare outcomes to a historical control group who received usual care. The investigators will also evaluate changes in fear-avoidance beliefs, range of motion, and motor control and compare outcomes between exosuit-augmented and no suit conditions over the 6 weeks. Primary outcomes of feasibility, usability, and safety of using a back exosuit to augment routine physical therapy will be evaluated. Secondary outcomes include the efficacy of using a back exosuit to augment routine physical therapy, measured by comparing changes in self-perceived pain and disability compared to the historical control group. Tertiary outcomes include the identification of interventional phenotypes by determining the relationship between changes in symptoms and changes in biomechanics function through exosuit-augmented physical therapy.
BACKGROUND: Limited data exists regarding incidence, progression, and predictors of left atrial appendage (LAA) sealing after transcatheter LAA closure. We aimed to evaluate the incidence, progression, and predictive factors associated with LAA sealing after LAA closure.
METHODS: This study includes patients who underwent successful LAA closure with Watchman FLX device and had both pre- and postprocedural computed tomography (CT). Postprocedural CT was performed 45 days after LAA closure and used to evaluate residual LAA patency. Patient who had residual LAA patency at 45 days underwent 1-year follow-up CT.
RESULTS: A total of 105 patients (mean age: 75.2 ± 9.6 years; 53.3% female) who underwent successful LAA closure with Watchman FLX device and had pre- and postprocedural CT at 45 days were included. Residual patency was observed in 35 (33.3%) patients: 21 (20.0%) patients showed complete contrast opacification in LAA (complete LAA patency) while 14 (13.3%) patients showed contrast opacification only in the distal LAA (distal LAA patency). Among patients with residual LAA patency at 45 days, the rate of LAA sealing at 1 year was significantly higher in the distal LAA patency group than in the complete LAA patency group (75.0% vs. 16.7%; p = 0.019). Increased depth oversizing was associated with both distal LAA patency and complete LAA patency.
CONCLUSION: Postprocedural CT at 45 days detected patent LAA in one-third of patients after LAA closure. LAA sealing was more frequently observed at 1 year among the distal LAA patency group than the complete LAA patency group.
Patients receive oral soy supplementation daily for 4 weeks. Patients undergo radical prostatectomy within 21 days after completion of soy supplementation.
Metabolic syndrome is a growing concern in developed societies and due to its polygenic nature, the genetic component is only slowly being elucidated. Common mitochondrial DNA sequence variants have been associated with symptoms of metabolic syndrome and may, therefore, be relevant players in the genetics of metabolic syndrome. We investigate the effect of mitochondrial sequence variation on the metabolic phenotype in conplastic rat strains with identical nuclear but unique mitochondrial genomes, challenged by high-fat diet. We find that the variation in mitochondrial rRNA sequence represents risk factor in the insulin resistance development, which is associated with diacylglycerols accumulation, induced by tissue-specific reduction of the oxidative capacity. These metabolic perturbations stem from the 12S rRNA sequence variation affecting mitochondrial ribosome assembly and translation. Our work demonstrates that physiological variation in mitochondrial rRNA might represent a relevant underlying factor in the progression of metabolic syndrome.
Peripheral muscle dysfunction is well recognised in COPD. We wish to study patients who we have found to have weak quadriceps muscles and study the molecular mechanisms underlying this problem. Patients will be well characterised with regard to their physiologic parameters and quadriceps muscle biopsies will be taken. These biopsy samples will be analysed with respect to NFkappaB activity and HDAC activity by nuclear extraction and for muscle inflammatory cytokines. We know that in the lung tissue of COPD patients there is evidence of a reduction in HDAC activity which might be responsible for the higher levels of pronflammatory cytokines in the lung. We will also study a healthy control group and a small selection of patients who are in respiratory failure due to idiopathic scoliosis in the same way.
BACKGROUND: The cholinergic neurotransmitter system is crucial to cognitive function, with the basal forebrain (BF) being particularly susceptible to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. However, the interaction of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in cholinergic pathways and BF atrophy without amyloid pathology remains poorly understood.
METHODS: We enrolled patients who underwent neuropsychological tests, magnetic resonance imaging, and 18F-florbetaben positron emission tomography due to cognitive impairment at the teaching university hospital from 2015 to 2022. Among these, we selected patients with negative amyloid scans and additionally excluded those with Parkinson's dementia that may be accompanied by BF atrophy. The WMH burden of cholinergic pathways was quantified by the Cholinergic Pathways Hyperintensities Scale (CHIPS) score, and categorized into tertile groups because the CHIPS score did not meet normal distribution. Segmentation of the BF on volumetric T1-weighted MRI was performed using FreeSurfer, then was normalized for total intracranial volume. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between BF volumes and CHIPS scores.
RESULTS: A total of 187 patients were enrolled. The median CHIPS score was 12 [IQR 5.0; 24.0]. The BF volume of the highest CHIPS tertile group (mean ± SD, 3.51 ± 0.49, CHIPSt3) was significantly decreased than those of the lower CHIPS tertile groups (3.75 ± 0.53, CHIPSt2; 3.83 ± 0.53, CHIPSt1; P = 0.02). In the univariable regression analysis, factors showing significant associations with the BF volume were the CHIPSt3 group, age, female, education, diabetes mellitus, smoking, previous stroke history, periventricular WMH, and cerebral microbleeds. In multivariable regression analysis, the CHIPSt3 group (standardized beta [βstd] = -0.25, P = 0.01), female (βstd = 0.20, P = 0.04), and diabetes mellitus (βstd = -0.22, P < 0.01) showed a significant association with the BF volume. Sensitivity analyses showed a negative correlation between CHIPS score and normalized BF volume, regardless of WMH severity.
CONCLUSIONS: We identified a significant correlation between strategic WMH burden in the cholinergic pathway and BF atrophy independently of amyloid positivity and WMH severity. These results suggest a mechanism of cholinergic neuronal loss through the dying-back phenomenon and provide a rationale that strategic WMH assessment may help identify target groups that may benefit from acetylcholinesterase inhibitor treatment.
Solutions of anthelmintic medicines suitable for administration in an aqueous liquid are prepared by dissolving ascaridol or chenopodium oil in a salt of a basic derivative of a higher fatty acid. Substances mentioned as suitable for the purpose are the organic acid salts of diethylaminoethoxy-oleylanilide, subsubstances of the formulae <FORM:0429594/VI/1> <FORM:0429594/VI/2> and of the amidine resulting from the condensation of stearic acid imino ethyl ether hydrochloride and ethylene-diamine hydrate. Specifications 308,218, 317,325 and 339,359, [all in Class 2 (iii)], are referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 includes the preparation of anthelmintics of the class of carbon tetrachloride and ethylene tetrachloride this forming subject-matter of Specification 429,498.  It also contains references to the use of the condensation products of oleic or stearic acid with a -diethylamino-b -hydroxypropyl amine or a -diethylamino-b  hydroxy-g -phenylamino propane and of compounds described in Specifications 346,387 and 357,250.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Mutational profiles of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) have established that a relatively small number of genetic aberrations, including SF3B1 and SRSF2 spliceosome mutations, lead to specific phenotypes and prognostic subgrouping. We performed a multi-omics factor analysis (MOFA) on two published MDS cohorts of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) and CD34 + cells with three data modalities (clinical, genotype, and transcriptomics). Seven different views, including immune profile, inflammation/aging, retrotransposon (RTE) expression, and cell-type composition, were derived from these modalities to identify the latent factors with significant impact on MDS prognosis. SF3B1 was the only mutation among 13 mutations in the BMMNC cohort, indicating a significant association with high inflammation. This trend was also observed to a lesser extent in the CD34 + cohort. Interestingly, the MOFA factor representing the inflammation shows a good prognosis for MDS patients with high inflammation. In contrast, SRSF2 mutant cases show a granulocyte-monocyte progenitor (GMP) pattern and high levels of senescence, immunosenescence, and malignant myeloid cells, consistent with their poor prognosis. Furthermore, MOFA identified RTE expression as a risk factor for MDS. This work elucidates the efficacy of our integrative approach to assess the MDS risk that goes beyond all the scoring systems described thus far for MDS.
Since "ED crowding" is an unplanned condition, a randomized controlled trial is not possible to assess its impact on adverse patients' outcome. Therefore, a large prospective cohort study, with careful matching and correcting for risk factors is the second best design.

The ED occupancy rate, defined as the ratio of the total number of ED patients to the number of licensed treatment bays per hour, will be used as a measure of ED crowding. The numerator includes all patients in the ED at any point during each study hour, regardless of ED location (including in the waiting room, boarding, hallway location). The denominator, constant per study hour, includes the total number of licensed treatment bays as defined according to the ED's original blueprint but excludes hallway locations. For each hour of the day, the ED occupancy rate will be derived from the ED information system. 104 weeks are divided into 13-week seasonal blocks and nursing shifts starting 23:00, 07:00 and 15:00. The mean ED occupancy rate is calculated for each shift as the sum of the occupancy rates within that shift divided by 8. The top quartile of all mean ED occupancy rates during the cohort period is considered as crowded. In order to match both 'crowded 'and 'not crowded' cohorts, the following data elements are extracted from the hospital information system for each registered patient: demographic data (age, sex, co-morbidities); referral source, surgical or medical admission; time of arrival (including season, month of year, day of week, time of day); triage category; ED and total hospital length of stay; and final admission diagnosis.

Medical records of patients who presented to the ED will be reviewed for the occurrence of six adverse events and mortality up to ten days of their ED stay. The six adverse events are searched through explicit clinical criteria. The reviewer first rates on a scale of 1 to 6 the confidence that medical management caused an adverse event. If the rating is 5 or 6, indicating that the injury is probably or definitely caused by management, the event is considered an adverse event. The same rating score is used to assess the degree of preventability. Hospital mortality will be searched for all patients who presented to the ED at some point in time and died during that hospital stay.

In order to identify an adverse event occurrence hazard ratio of 1.2 with a power of 0.9 during ED crowding, a cohort of 104,000 patients is needed. Therefore, data will be retrieved during a 2 year period during which the reviewer is blinded to the degree of ED crowding in relation to the findings on adverse events. The occurrence of adverse events and mortality will be compared to not crowded shifts, corrected for baseline risk factors. A carefully standardized admission form for registration of relevant information as well as a computerized search tool for screening for adverse events will allow finalizing this study within the foreseen time frame.
Patients will be administered Camrelizumab(SHR-1210) at D1 and D15 and decitabine at D1-5. Treatment repeats every 28 days until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The FILM-B Study (NCT 03200704) was a single-arm, prospective, multi-center, open-label, non inferiority study in 151 patients with early stage breast cancer with clinically negative nodal status who were scheduled for surgery that included clinically indicated sentinel lymph node biopsy with approved Tc 99m-labeled active comparators.

Patients were administered SPY AGENT GREEN at the beginning of the operative procedure and an active comparator the day before or the day of surgery. There were no patients with bilateral breast cancer, therefore, a single index breast was injected in all patients. Two 0.05 mL injections of a 2.5 mg/mL solution of SPY AGENT GREEN for a total dose of 0.25 mg were administered intradermally into the peri areolar region of the index breast at the 12 o’clock and 9 o’clock positions for the right breast and at the 12 o’clock and 3 o’clock positions for the left breast. Five patients received a subsequent peri-tumoral dose consisting of three intradermal injections of 0.05 mL each at the 12 o’clock, 3 o’clock and 9 o’clock positions for a total dose of 0.375 mg. Three of these five patients had unsuccessful lymphatic mapping and received a full axillary lymph node dissection. Lymphatic mapping was performed intraoperatively using the SPY-PHI® System followed by use of a handheld gamma probe as well as the surgeon’s visual and palpation examination. The resected tissues were evaluated by histopathology to confirm presence of lymph nodes.

The mean age of the 151 patients was 60 years (range: 25 to 84 years); distribution by race and ethnicity was 81% White, 7% Black or African American, 5% Asian, 3% Hispanic/Latino and 3% other.

The efficacy of SPY AGENT GREEN in the detection of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes during lymphatic mapping procedures was determined by the number of histology-confirmed lymph nodes detected by SPY AGENT GREEN followed by use of a gamma probe.

Table 3 shows the percentage of resected, confirmed lymph nodes and the percentage of patients with at least one resected, confirmed lymph node detected by SPY AGENT GREEN.

SPY AGENT GREEN met the prespecified noninferiority margin of 5% relative to active comparator at the node-level.
BACKGROUND: Both Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Discectomy (UBED) and Percutaneous Endoscopic Interlaminar Discectomy (PEID) have resulted in favorable clinical outcomes in the management of LDH. The aim of this study is to comprehensively compare the efficacy of UBED and PEID in treating migrated LDH in the lower lumbar spine, with a specific focus on high-grade migrated LDH.
METHODS: 96 patients who underwent UBED (31 cases) and PEID (65 cases) procedures were enrolled in the study. All patients received a minimum follow-up period of 6 months. Clinical outcomes of the patients were assessed with incision length, operation time, total hemoglobin loss, hospital stay, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, visual analogue scale (VAS) for lower back and leg pain, Oswestry disability index (ODI), modified MacNab criteria, complications, area of lamina loss and increased intervertebral height.
RESULTS: The VAS scores for lower back and leg pain and ODI significantly decreased in both groups after the operation. Preoperatively, at 1 day, 1 month, and 6 months after the procedure, the VAS and ODI scores exhibited no significant differences between the two groups. There was no significant difference in terms of modified MacNab criteria, area of lamina loss, and increased intervertebral height. The UBED group had a longer incision length, operation time and postoperative hospital stay, and fewer intraoperative fluoroscopy times than to the PEID group. Complications were noted in both groups throughout the follow-up period, but there was no significant difference in the rate of complications. Moreover, there were no notable differences in clinical outcomes between the two groups in the high-grade migrated LDH.
CONCLUSIONS: Both UBED and PEID could achieve favorable clinical outcomes for treating migrated LDH at the lower lumbar spine. Despite the longer operative time and postoperative hospital stay associated with the UBED group, UBED remains safe and innovative for treating migrated LDH at the lower lumbar spine.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Sporadic cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a highly prevalent small vessel disease in ageing population with potential severe complications including lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), cognitive impairment, and dementia. Although diagnosis of CAA was made only with postmortem neuropathological examination a few decades ago, diagnosing CAA without pathological proof is now allowed in living patients. This review focuses on recently identified biomarkers of CAA and current diagnostic criteria.
RECENT FINDINGS: Over the past few years, clinicians and researchers have shown increased interest for CAA, and important advances have been made. Thanks to recent insights into mechanisms involved in CAA and advances in structural and functional neuroimaging, PET amyloid tracers, cerebrospinal fluid and plasma biomarkers analysis, a growing number of biomarkers of CAA have been identified. Imaging-based diagnostic criteria including emerging biomarkers have been recently developed or updated, enabling accurate and earlier diagnosis of CAA in living patients.
SUMMARY: Recent advances in neuroimaging allow diagnosing CAA in the absence of pathological examination. Current imaging-based criteria have high diagnostic performance in patients presenting with ICH, but is more limited in other clinical context such as cognitively impaired patients or asymptomatic individuals. Further research is still needed to improve diagnostic accuracy.