anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Long-term hyperuricemia can induce kidney damage, clinically referred to as hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN), which is characterized by renal fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. However, currently used uric acid-lowering drugs are not capable of protecting the kidneys from damage. Therefore, uric acid-lowering drugs that can also protect the kidneys are urgently needed. In this study, we first discovered that salinomycin, an antibiotic, can regulate uric acid homeostasis and ameliorate kidney damage in mice with HN. Mechanistically, salinomycin inhibited serum and hepatic xanthine oxidase (XOD) activities and downregulated renal urate transporter 1 (URAT1) expression and transport activity, thus exerting uric acid-lowering effects in mice with HN. Furthermore, we found that salinomycin promoted p-NRF2 Ser40 expression, resulting in increased nuclear translocation of NRF2 and activation of NRF2. More importantly, salinomycin affected the gut microbiota and promoted the generation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in mice with HN. In conclusion, our results revealed that salinomycin maintains uric acid homeostasis and alleviates kidney injury in mice with HN by multiple mechanisms, suggesting that salinomycin might be a desirable candidate for HN treatment in the clinic.
The present invention relates to a medicine for treating dysmenorrhoea, which belongs to a Chinese medicine for treating various kinds of dysmenorrhoea and pain. The medicine is prepared from 1 to 9% of prepared kusnezoff monkshood root, 1 to 14% of prepared frankincense, 1 to 14% of prepared myrrh, 2 to 24% of red sage root, 1 to 14% of Chinese angelica, 1 to 14% of chuanxiong rhizome, 1 to 14% of corydalis tuber, 1 to 14% of nutgrass galingale rhizome, 1 to 14% of stir-baked white peony root and 0.4 to 6% of licorice. A large amount of research and clinical practice indicates that on the basis of the etiology and the pathogenesis of adolescence dysmenorrhoea, by using the syndrome differentiation treating method of the Chinese medicine, the medicine treats the root of the diseases by syndrome differentiation; thus, the medicine has the advantages of high therapeutic effect, short treatment course and low relapse rate. Verified in clinic, the total effective rate of the medicine is 93.10%, the shortest treatment course is only three days, the relapse rate in three months is only 14.81%, and the relapse rate is only 23.44% in the past half a year. The medicine can satisfy the urgent requirement for treating adolescence dysmenorrhoea of the society, obviously enhance clinical curative effects, lower medical cost for patients and reduce medical fee. The medicine has good economical and social benefit.
BACKGROUND: Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing K pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) bloodstream infections are associated with high mortality. We studied clinical bloodstream KPC-Kp isolates to investigate mechanisms of resistance to complement, a key host defense against bloodstream infection.
METHODS: We tested growth of KPC-Kp isolates in human serum. In serial isolates from a single patient, we performed whole genome sequencing and tested for complement resistance and binding by mixing study, direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and electron microscopy. We utilized an isogenic deletion mutant in phagocytosis assays and an acute lung infection model.
RESULTS: We found serum resistance in 16 of 59 (27%) KPC-Kp clinical bloodstream isolates. In 5 genetically related bloodstream isolates from a single patient, we noted a loss-of-function mutation in the capsule biosynthesis gene, wcaJ. Disruption of wcaJ was associated with decreased polysaccharide capsule, resistance to complement-mediated killing, and surprisingly, increased binding of complement proteins. Furthermore, an isogenic wcaJ deletion mutant exhibited increased opsonophagocytosis in vitro and impaired in vivo control in the lung after airspace macrophage depletion in mice.
CONCLUSIONS: Loss of function in wcaJ led to increased complement resistance, complement binding, and opsonophagocytosis, which may promote KPC-Kp persistence by enabling coexistence of increased bloodstream fitness and reduced tissue virulence.
Protocol CDX1307-01: CDX-1307 is an investigational drug that is being tested to see if it can stimulate the immune system (the cells and substances that protect the body from infection and foreign matter) of people with certain kinds of cancer. It is believed that the body's immune system can attack tumor cells and kill them. It is thought that immune cells recognize special proteins on the surface of tumors as a signal to fight the cancer. One of these proteins is called human chorionic gonadotropin-beta (hCG-β) and is found on several types of cancers including breast, colorectal, pancreatic, bladder and ovarian. The study drug will be given as an injection under the skin (an intradermal or intracutaneous injection). In addition, the study includes combination with TLR agonists, which are thought to stimulate the immune response against tumor cells.
Despite improvements in surgery and radiation for soft tissue sarcoma (STS) patients, local relapses remain an important event for these patients. Most STS subtypes are considered radioresistant and immune cold tumor due to a lack of T-cell infiltration. Investigations into radiosensitization mediated by combining systemic compounds with neoadjuvant radiotherapy (RT) may translate into an increased rate of pathological responses, an increased rate of R0 resections and thus fewer local relapses.

RT is highly potent in inducing DNA damage. Normal cells are usually sufficiently able to repair this damage timely before the next fraction because of an intact DNA Damage Response (DDR) pathway. Frequently, tumor cells have (partial or complete) defects in the DDR pathways rendering them more sensitive to radiation than normal tissues. Inhibition of constituents of the DDR pathways may further widen the therapeutic window of fractionated radiotherapy, and combined with radiotherapy may result in increased tumor T-cell infiltration, creating an opportunity for immunotherapy. Clinical studies into radiosensitization of STS by combinations of radiotherapy and DDR inhibitors with or without immunotherapy are warranted. In this study the DDR candidate inhibitor is new drug candidate AZD1390 targeting ATM (Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated). The immunotherapy candidate of this study is durvalumab (MEDI4736) targeting PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1).
FIELD: medicine, biochemistry, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: solid medicinal form for oral intake has from 1 to 10 mg of ramipril or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt and from 1 to 70 mg of dihydropyridine compound. Felodipine, nitrendipine, nifedipin or lacidipine and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are used as a dihydropyridine compound. Release of ramipril occurs instantly and release of dihydropyridine compound occurs for a long time, for at least 6 h. Medicinal form can be made as tablet, combined tablet or capsule. In treatment of hypertension a patient intakes the solid medicinal form in effective dose, once per a 24 h. Effect of the combined composition continues for 24 h after a single intake for 24 h. EFFECT: simplified schedule of medicinal treatment and regime of enhanced effectiveness of therapeutic effect of drug in low doses, decreased adverse effects of high doses. 23 cl, 3 dwg, 12 ex
Lethal drug overdoses have now become a leading cause of accidental death in the United States. The gold standard, evidence-based intervention for opioid use disorder (OUD) is pharmacotherapy, but abstinence rates following pharmacotherapy are sub-optimal. In fact, less than 40% of clients with OUD achieve abstinence in the first six months of treatment, highlighting the critical need to supplement pharmacotherapy with evidence-based psychosocial interventions. Unfortunately, very few community opioid treatment programs (OTPs) offer psychosocial interventions due to high patient volume and the need to identify behavioral treatments that can be flexibly delivered. Measurement-based care (MBC), the systematic use of client self-report data to inform treatment, is an evidence-based intervention that is uniquely well suited to complement OUD pharmacotherapy. Given the high lethality of opioid misuse, MBC provides an opportunity to identify early warning signs for poor treatment progress and enables treatment providers to intervene. Additionally, MBC may serve as a minimal intervention/intervention structure to increase the effectiveness of OUD treatment. Such structures have been proposed for implementation in community settings in lieu of full package evidence-based interventions to enhance feasibility and reduce barriers. The pressing need for flexible psychosocial interventions to complement pharmacotherapy, paired with the extensive evidence in support of MBC, makes it crucial to understand ways to implement and evaluate MBC's effectiveness in OTPs. This study involves a pilot type I hybrid effectiveness-implementation study with four OTPs.

Study Aim and Hypotheses are:

Aim: Pilot MBC effectiveness-implementation trial in community OTPs. Four OTPs will participate in a pilot hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation trial in which an MBC assessment protocol will be integrated into each OTP's electronic medical record (EMR). The pilot trial will gather data on MBC's effectiveness (outcomes: patient attendance and opioid abstinence) and implementation (outcomes: provider MBC exposure and fidelity). The study hypotheses are that post MBC EMR integration, patients will attend more treatment appointments (H1) and have more negative opioid urine screens per month (H2) compared to pre-EMR integration patients. Provider MBC exposure and fidelity will also be positively associated with higher attendance and abstinence across all sites (H3).
A cannabidiol (CBD) preparation for use in the treatment of seizures associated with hydrocephalus is provided. The seizures associated with hydrocephalus may be tonic, tonic-clonic, absence and focal seizures with impairment. The CBD preparation may comprise greater than or equal to 98% (w/w) CBD and less than or equal to 2% (w/w) other cannabinoids. The CBD preparation may comprise CBD isolated from cannabis plant material or may be synthetic CBD. The CBD preparation may be used in combination with one or more concomitant anti-epileptic drugs (AED). The one or more concomitant AEDs may be selected from the group consisting of: levetiracetam, clobazam, rufinamide and lamotrigine. The dose of CBD may be between 5 mg/kg/day to 50 mg/kg/day. A clinical trial is disclosed wherein patients diagnosed with hydrocephalus had a decrease in the amount of seizures after dosing with the CBD preparation and concomitant AEDs.
CGM group participants will be asked to use a Dexcom CGM sensor on a daily basis, inserting a new sensor as needed. Participants will be instructed to use the sensor according to FDA labeling. In addition, participants will be advised to check the blood glucose when symptoms or expectations do not match the CGM reading. Participants will have clinic visits at 10 days, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 16 weeks, and 26 weeks.
The invention relates to a means protecting the mucousmembrane of the gastrointestinal system of physical, chemical andinflammatory impairments, simultaneously having mucoprotectiveproperties, nutritive and antichelicobacterial effect. The meanshas antiulcerous effect without affecting the gastric andintestinal secretion, thus does not impair digestion. In can becombined with other antiflogistic and antiulcerous means such asH2-blockers, without causing any dysbacteriosis and secretorydisorders. The means is a combination of bismuthic salts from 50to 3000 mg and ultrafiltered, desalinated protein hydrolysate from200 to 10,000 mg in a single dose, and suitable axiliarysubstances. The bismuthic salt can be subgallate, subcitrate,salicilate or nitrate. The protein hydrolysate should be watersoluble in order to be able to be applied both perorally and perclismam. The hydrolysate can be of microseaweeds, or lactic orfish origin.2 claims
Patients were instructed to take one capsule with water in the morning, except on the morning of their next office visit. On office visit days, study medication was taken after completion of the visit evaluations. Following randomization, all patients were treated at Dose Level 1 for 4 weeks, followed by a forced titration to Dose Level 2 for a subsequent 4 week period. Thereafter, patients were titrated as needed to Dose Level 3 to achieve a target blood pressure of \< 140/\< 90 mm Hg. For patients with diabetes or chronic kidney disease, investigators were encouraged to use a target blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg.
CORTROSYN ®(cosyntropin) for Injection is a sterile lyophilized powder in vials containing 0.25 mg of CORTROSYN ®and 10 mg of mannitol to be reconstituted with 1 mL of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP. Sodium Hydroxide and Glacial acetic acid may be used to adjust pH. Administration is by intravenous or intramuscular injection. Cosyntropin is α 1 - 24 corticotropin, a synthetic subunit of ACTH. It is an open chain polypeptide containing, from the N terminus, the first 24 of the 39 amino acids of natural ACTH. The sequence of amino acids in the 1 - 24 compound is as follows:
The placebo group received an active current for 30 seconds, and then gradually decreased for 15 seconds to not pass any current. This approach aims at masking the investigator and subject (RAKEL et al., 2010).
BACKGROUND: Non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is defined as status epilepticus (SE) with no obvious motor phenomenon and is diagnosed based on electroencephalogram (EEG). Refractory SE (RSE) is the persistence of seizures despite treatment with an adequately dosed first-line and second-line agents. Although guidelines for convulsive RSE include third-line agents such as intravenous anesthetic drugs (midazolam, propofol, or barbiturates), the therapeutic approach to NCSE is not well outlined. Treatment with traditional anesthetics invariably includes endotracheal intubation, which is associated with significant adverse events. Comparatively, ketamine, a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist is not associated with significant cardiorespiratory depression and may help in avoiding intubation.
OBJECTIVE: In this case series, we describe our experience with the early use of intravenous ketamine as the first anesthetic agent in patients with refractory NCSE to avoid endotracheal intubation.
METHODS: We present a case series of nine patients managed in the Neurointensive Care Unit at a university-affiliated tertiary care hospital. The study was approved by the hospital and university institutional review boards and the requirement for informed consent was waived for retrospective analysis of existing data, per institutional policy. All cases of SE were identified from a prospective database, and a subsequent retrospective chart review identified all patients with a diagnosis of refractory NCSE in whom ketamine was used as the first anesthetic agent. The primary endpoint was the avoidance of endotracheal intubation while on ketamine infusion. The secondary endpoint was defined as cessation of both clinical and electrographic seizures recorded on continuous EEG within 24 h of ketamine administration.
RESULTS: A total of nine patients experiencing refractory NCSE were included in this case series, with a median age of 61 (range 26-72) years and seven patients were male. The primary endpoint, avoiding intubation, was achieved in five out of nine (55%) cases. Six patients experienced resolution of refractory NCSE with ketamine administration as the sole anesthetic agent. Four patients required endotracheal intubation and three patients had a failure of seizure cessation with ketamine. Hypersalivation and pneumonia were the most common ketamine associated adverse events. In non-intubated patients, no deaths occurred. One patient was discharged home, four to subacute rehabilitation, one to a long term acute care hospital, and one patient to hospice.
CONCLUSION: The use of ketamine as the primary anesthetic agent may be a reasonable option to avoid endotracheal intubation in a subset of patients with refractory NCSE. This study is limited by its small sample size, retrospective design, and reliance on information obtained from chart review.
PURPOSE:To remove endotoxin from an aqueous solution, esp. an aqueous solution containing macromolecular substance, by filtering the endotoxin-contg. aqueous solution using a semipermeable membrane having fractional molecular weight of about 10<5>. CONSTITUTION:An endotoxin-contg. aqueous solution, i.e. an aqueous solution containing macromolecular substance having molecular weight of 6X10<4> or less, is filtered using a semipermeable membrane having fractional molecular weight of about 10<5> and ratios of 50-80% to inhibit human serum albumin (concentration of 0.1%, an aqueous physiological saline solution) and 95% or more to inhibit human serum gamma-globulin (concentration of 0.1%, an aqueous physiological saline solution). As said semipermeable membrane, an ultrafiltration membrane comprising a polymer having a repetition unit represented by formula is the optimum one. The aqueous solution from which endotoxine is to be removed by the method aforementioned is adjusted to the condition to inhibit the deformation of incorporated macromolecular substance, e.g. protein.
BACKGROUND: Needlescopic surgery is a minimally invasive procedure that uses thin trocars with 3-mm diameter. We used Turnbull-Cutait pull-through and delayed coloanal anastomosis in needlescopic surgery to avoid diverting ileostomy during intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer. In this study, we aim to assess the diverting ileostomy avoidance rate and technical safety of this "minimal skin incision and no stoma" procedure.
METHODS: This single-center retrospective study was conducted at the Cancer Institute Hospital, a tertiary referral center in Japan. Between January 2017 and December 2020, 11 patients underwent needlescopic intersphincteric resection with diverting ileostomy (NSI group), and 19 patients underwent needlescopic intersphincteric resection with delayed coloanal anastomosis (NSD group) for low rectal cancer. Data regarding patient backgrounds and short-term outcomes, including diverting ileostomy avoidance rate, pathological results, and postoperative defecatory function, were compared between the groups.
RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between the NSI and NSD groups with respect to patient background, operation time (239 min versus 220 min, p = 0.68), estimated blood loss (45 g versus 25 g, p = 0.29), R0 resection rate (100% versus 100%, p = 1.00), and length of postoperative hospital stay (16 days versus 17 days, p = 0.42). The diverting ileostomy avoidance rate was 94.4% in the NSD group. The LARS and Wexner scores 12 months after surgery were not significantly different between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Needlescopic intersphincteric resection and delayed coloanal anastomosis can be safely performed in selected patients with a high rate of diverting ileostomy avoidance and comparable short-term outcomes.
EVRA is the first transdermal contraceptive patch to receive approval by Health Canada and Marketing Authorization throughout the European Union. This is an open-label, single-arm, multicenter clinical study with a treatment duration of 24 weeks (6 treatment cycles of 4 weeks). Four clinic visits are scheduled: a screening Visit 1, in which subjects are asked to complete a set of questions about satisfaction with the current method of contraception, and questions about overall health status. Visits 2, 3, and 4 follow after Cycles 1, 3, and 6, respectively of EVRA treatment. At Visits 3 and 4, the subjects are asked to answer questions about satisfaction with EVRA, and about overall health status. At Visit 4 (final study visit) the subjects are asked to compare EVRA with previously used contraceptive methods. Compliance is assessed at all visits by returned boxes of study medication and a review of Diary Cards where subjects recorded the dates and sites of patch application, and details of any patch detachment. The study will generate the first large-scale, European dataset on women's experience with EVRA, including satisfaction, safety, efficacy, and compliance. These data will be compared with subjects' experience with previously used methods of contraception. Each EVRA patch, containing 6 mg NGMN and 600 ug EE, and delivering 150 microgram NGMN and 20 ug EE over 24 hours for 7 days, is worn for 1 week and replaced for 3 consecutive weeks. The fourth week is patch-free. Subjects can wear EVRA on 1 of 4 areas: buttock, abdomen, upper torso, or upper arm.
PURPOSE:To obtain a reagent for detecting the antibody specific to a sugar chain and calibrating potency by incorporating the glycopeptide of mucin type or serum type which can detect the antibody specific to the sugar chain in a composite saccharide, cells contg. the same and the specimen derived therefrom into the reagent. CONSTITUTION:The sugar chain is first prepd. in the form of the glycopeptide in order to detect the antibody specific to the sugar chain and to calibrate the potency. For example, serum or cell medium liquid to be calibrated is added to a plate to which said glycopeptide is adsorbed; further the secondary antibody for the primary antibody or protein A is added thereto and measurement is made with the radioactive label preliminarily conjugated therewith or the enzyme to permit the easy measurement of the activity as an index. The human intestinal center established cells are used as the cells to be inspected in the prepn. of the glycopeptide. The adsorption of the mucin type glycopeptide to the plate necessitates the presence of glutaraldehyde and basic polypeptide such as polylysine which is a compd. having high adsorptivity and contg. an amino group or synthetic polymer.
Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are plant parasites causing annual economic losses amounting to several billion US dollars worldwide. One of the most aggressive species is M. enterolobii, a growing threat to agriculture due to its broad host range and ability to overcome many known resistance genes. Mungbean, a nutritionally and economically valuable crop, is particularly vulnerable to nematodes and pathogens. However, research focusing on mungbean resistance to M. enterolobii is scarce, and the corresponding defense mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we screened mungbean accessions and identified an accession strongly resistant to M. enterolobii. Transcriptome analysis revealed 2730 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in this resistant accession (CPI106939) compared to 1777 in the susceptible accession (Crystal) 7 days after nematode inoculation. The gene ontology (GO) upregulated in CPI106939 with functions related to plant-pathogen interactions, plant hormone signaling, oxidative stress, and plant immunity. Plant defense-related genes (WRKY, PAL, MAPK, POD and PR) were also significantly induced in CPI106939. Metabolome analysis showed that four secondary metabolites related to phenylpropanoid metabolism and lignification were significantly enriched in CPI106939. The induced immune response and secondary metabolites may underpin the enhanced resistance to M. enterolobii, providing insight into the resistance mechanisms in accession CPI106939 as well as candidate genes controlling the interaction between mungbean and its nematode parasite. Our study therefore provides foundations for the breeding of new varieties with intrinsic M. enterolobii resistance.