anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Treatments are disclosed for inflammatory, autoimmune, or other disorders characterized by excessive activity of calprotectin, a protein that normally defends against microbial infections by sequestering available zinc, at a site of infection. Excessive calprotectin activity, which can cause zinc deficiencies in localized tissues, can create or aggravate various disorders. However, ingestion of systemic (oral) zinc supplements tends to activate offsetting mechanisms, and such supplements therefore usually are ineffective. Accordingly, targeted treatments are disclosed herein for suppressing and controlling excessive calprotectin activity, in local tissues. Such methods include targeted injections of zinc solutions, and plasmapheresis treatment. Screening tests also are described for identifying non-protein drugs that can either (i) bind specifically to the zinc-binding sites of calprotectin, or (ii) suppress the release of calprotectin by neutrophil cells.
PURPOSE: To obtain a composition containing a specific acyl lactylate as an antimicrobial activator, having functions of controlling or preventing the growth of microorganisms or, in the case of existence of microorganisms, destroying microorganisms. CONSTITUTION: This composition is obtained by adding an acyl lactylate of the formula (RCO is a 4-7C acyl; M is H or a counter ion selected from an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, zinc, ammonium, etc.; (a) is 1-3; (b) is 1 or 2) or a mixture of the acyl lactylate as an antimicrobial activator to a composition having danger of suffering from decomposition with microorganisms. The antimicrobial activator contains preferably 0.01 10 wt.% of the acyl lactylate based on the weight of the composition. Preferably M is H, sodium, potassium or calcium and the acyl group RCO is a 6C acyl in the compound of the formula. The acyl Iactylate is used for a composition to be topically applied to human body, especially skin or hair.
BACKGROUND: Chronic pain remains prevalent after open inguinal hernia repair and nerve-handling strategies are debated. Some guidelines suggest sparing nerves that are encountered; however, the nerve identification rates are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the nerve identification rates in a register-based nationwide cohort.
METHODS: This study was reported according to the RECORD guideline and used prospective, routinely collected data from the Danish Hernia Database, which was linked with the National Patient Registry. We included patients ≥ 18 years old, undergoing Lichtenstein hernia repair with information on nerve handling of the iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves.
RESULTS: We included 30,911 open hernia repairs performed between 2012 and 2022. The ilioinguinal nerve was identified in 73% of the repairs and the iliohypogastric nerve in 66% of repairs. Both nerves were spared in more than 94% of cases where they were identified. Female patient sex, emergency and recurrence surgery, general anesthesia, medial and saddle hernias, and large defect size all result in lower nerve identification rates for both nerves.
CONCLUSION: The Ilioinguinal nerve was recognized in 73% of cases, while the iliohypogastric nerve was recognized in 66% with almost all identified nerves being spared during surgery. Several pre- and intraoperative factors influenced identification rates of the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve.
In this arm, patients will undergo Transurethral Microwave Thermotherapy (TUMT) where microwave energy is used to destroy the prostate tissue. TUMT is performed under local anaesthesia. Usually, the patient can be discharged from the hospital on the same day. If the patient cannot be discharged on the same day, he will be admitted to the urological ward. After the treatment, a transurethral catheter is inserted. This will be removed at the physician's discretion when spontaneous voiding is achieved with an acceptable residual volume (in general \<100-150 ml), typically within four weeks.
Invasive Aspergillosis

The safety and effectiveness of CRESEMBA for injection for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis have been established in pediatric patients 1 year of age and older. The safety and effectiveness of CRESEMBA capsules for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis have been established in pediatric patients 6 year of age and older weighing 16 kg and greater. Use of CRESEMBA in this age group for treatment of invasive aspergillosis is supported by evidence from one adequate and well-controlled trial in adult patients and additional pharmacokinetic and safety data in pediatric patients 1 year of age and older [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. Adverse reactions in this pediatric population were similar to those reported in the adult population [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. The safety and effectiveness of CRESEMBA capsules for treatment of invasive aspergillosis have not been established in pediatric patients younger than 6 years of age or who weigh less than 16 kg because the oral route of administration was not assessed in this pediatric patient age cohort. 

The safety and effectiveness of CRESEMBA for treatment of invasive aspergillosis in pediatric patients less than 1 year of age have not been established.

Invasive Mucormycosis

The safety and effectiveness of CRESEMBA for injection for the treatment of invasive mucormycosis have been established in pediatric patients 1 year of age and older. The safety and effectiveness of CRESEMBA capsules for the treatment of invasive mucormycosis have been established in pediatric patients 6 year of age and older weighing 16 kg and greater. Use of CRESEMBA in this age group for treatment of invasive mucormycosis is supported by one open-label trial in adult patients with invasive mucormycosis, a retrospective review of survival data for adult patients with untreated invasive mucormycosis, and additional pharmacokinetic and safety data in pediatric patients 1 year of age and older [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. Adverse reactions in this pediatric population were similar to those reported in the adult population [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. The safety and effectiveness of CRESEMBA capsules for treatment of invasive mucormycosis have not been established in pediatric patients younger than 6 years of age who weigh less than 16 kg because the oral route of administration was not assessed in this pediatric patient age cohort. 

The safety and effectiveness of CRESEMBA for treatment of invasive mucormycosis in pediatric patients less than 1 year of age have not been established.
The newer antipsychotic medications risperidone and olanzapine effectively treat schizophrenia and related disorders, and they may cause fewer side effects than the older antipsychotic drugs do. However, some of the newer antipsychotic medications could have a negative effect on the regulation of blood glucose (sugar) in the body. This negative effect could make the patient gain weight and even develop diabetes mellitus. This randomized, double-blind study will assess and compare how risperidone and olanzapine affect the regulation of glucose in the body in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Patients will be randomly assigned to receive risperidone (target oral dose of 6 milligrams per day) or olanzapine (target oral dose of 20 milligrams per day) for 6 months. Repeat laboratory measurements will be performed and questions will be asked of the patients to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the drugs. The primary laboratory test used to assess the patient's regulation of blood glucose will be the Disposition Index derived from the Frequently Sampled Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test. Risperidone 2 milligram oven-encapsulated tablets taken orally once a day for 6 months; olanzapine 5 milligram tablets taken orally once a day for 6 months
BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic bone loss is a well-known phenomenon following total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, the choice of drugs for prevention remains controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the best drug to treat periprosthetic bone loss by comparing changes in bone mineral density (BMD) at different times after THA.
METHODS: A comprehensive search of five databases and two clinical trial registration platforms was undertaken from their inception through to August 31, 2023 to identify eligible randomized controlled trials. A Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) was carried out for calculating the standardized mean difference (SMD) and the surface under cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) of the BMD in calcar (Gruen zone 7) at 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months and over.
RESULTS: Twenty-nine trials involving 1427 patients and 10 different interventions were included. The results demonstrated that at 6 months, denosumab had the highest ranking (SUCRA = 0.90), followed by alendronate (SUCRA = 0.76), and zoledronate (SUCRA = 0.73). At 12 months, clodronate ranked highest (SUCRA = 0.96), followed by denosumab (SUCRA = 0.84) and teriparatide (SUCRA = 0.82). For interventions with a duration of 24 months and over, denosumab had the highest SUCRA value (SUCRA = 0.96), followed by raloxifene (SUCRA = 0.90) and zoledronate (SUCRA = 0.75).
CONCLUSION: Investigating the existing body of evidence revealed that denosumab demonstrates potential as an intervention of superior efficacy at the three specifically examined time points. However, it remains crucial to conduct further research to confirm these findings and determine the most effective treatment strategy.
A prospective observational study will be conducted in the Akdeniz University Hospital at the department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care. Tracheostomy incision site will be determined by using anatomical landmark in all patients. Before the procedure, detailed anatomical measurements showing the morphological structure of the patient (neck thickness, thyromental distance, thyroid cartilage measurement, cricoid cartilage measurement, jugulomental distance, distance between clavicle and cricoid cartilage) will be recorded. In addition, measurements will be made and recorded by ultrasonography. In all patients, the percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy procedure will be performed via fiberoptic bronchoscopy and the tracheal puncture level will be confirmed. Tracheostomy related complications will also be recorded.
Physicians in this group will receive a personalized antibiotic prescribing feedback letter which contains a complex (adjusted) comparator to represent a target or benchmark for antibiotic prescribing. For the complex comparator, recipients will be compared only to top-performing 'like-peers' - the group of physicians with similar complexity and numbers of patients. We will adjust the prescribing indicators for patient sex, number of patients \>85 years, rurality, continuity of care score, proportion of emergency room practice, proportion nursing home practice, neighborhood income quintile of patients, and rates of common patient comorbidities. The letter will also include information on both lack of benefit and potential harms caused by unnecessary use of antibiotics. Physicians will also receive a paper-copy viral prescription pad and will receive the intervention letter again 1-month later.
The group of care professionals suffering from burnout will be made up of care professionals who have been admitted to an outpatient facility at the Clinique Mon Repos. Attached to the clinic, this facility is specifically dedicated to them (day care unit). Around 100 care professionals suffering from burnout have already been assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Young Schema Questionnaire Short form, Montgomery-Asberg depression rating Scale and White Bear Suppression Inventory, with a view to adapting therapeutic interventions as part of their day-to-day care. These participants will be contacted by telephone by the investigator, who will inform them about the study if they meet the eligibility criteria.
Patients will be enrolled in cohorts of up to 6 patients each in a dose escalating scheme to determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD). AZD5153 will be taken once per day (QD) or two times per day (BID) for 21 days as an oral capsule. Once the MTD is finalized, patients may be enrolled into an expansion cohort at the MTD.
Participants will receive nivolumab and GM.CD40L. Treatment will be administered on an outpatient basis. The nivolumab will be given first followed by the GM.CD40L vaccine for those enrolled on this arm.
Patients receive paclitaxel and ddAC as in Arm I. Patients also receive carboplatin IV over 30 minutes once in weeks 1, 4, 7, and 10.
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified numerous genetic loci associated with human traits and diseases. However, pinpointing the causal genes remains a challenge, which impedes the translation of GWAS findings into biological insights and medical applications. In this review, we provide an in-depth overview of the methods and technologies used for prioritizing genes from GWAS loci, including gene-based association tests, integrative analysis of GWAS and molecular quantitative trait loci (xQTL) data, linking GWAS variants to target genes through enhancer-gene connection maps, and network-based prioritization. We also outline strategies for generating context-dependent xQTL data and their applications in gene prioritization. We further highlight the potential of gene prioritization in drug repurposing. Lastly, we discuss future challenges and opportunities in this field.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a keratinous plug-removing strip having a shape so as to avoid that a publicly known strip gives uncomfortable feeling on peeling off from a skin area directly below the eyes.  <P>SOLUTION: The adhering strip, especially for pasting on the nose, containing a support member layer and a cosmetic material layer laminated to the support member layer is provided. Structurally, the strip contains an upper edge part and a lower edge part. The characteristics of the strip is that at the upper edge part, a central receding part is formed and at the both sides of it, continuously curved wing parts extending until the side edge parts of the strip are flanked. At the lower edge part, a central downwardly projected part is formed and at the both sides of it, wing parts inclining in lower direction are flanked.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO
NEW MATERIAL:A compound of formula I (R<1> is H, lower alkyl formyl, lower alkylcarbonyl, lower alkoxycarbonyl, etc.; R<2> and R<3> are H, halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, OH, NH2 etc.) or a salt thereof. EXAMPLE:2,6-Di-t-butyl-4-[amino(phenyl)-methylene]-2,5-cyclohexadiene- 1-one hydrochloride. USE:A drug. The compound of formula I has an excellent antiinflammatory activity, an activity to eliminate active oxygen in living bodies and especially an excellent activity to inhibit the cyclooxidase and/or lipoxigenase of arachidonic acid, but does not have a digestive organ disorder-inducing activity, thereby being useful as an antiinflammatory agent, analgesic agent, etc., which are not accompanied with a gastrointestinal disorder action. PREPARATION:A compound of formula II is reacted with a storing base and subsequently with a halogenating agent to prepare a compound of formula III, which is reacted with ammonia or an amine of formula IV to provide the compound of formula I.
An organic acid composition and a membrane containing such a composition for exfoliating dead skin and horny layers on hands and feet. The composition comprises: (1) an organic acid and its salts formed into a buffer solution with pH =1.5-4.5, (2) a proteolytic enzyme, (3) a skin relaxing agent, (4) a thickening agent, (5) a humectant, and (6) solvent. The membrane contains an absorption layer and an isolated layer. The absorption layer is used to absorb or release the organic acid composition, and the isolated layer is used to separate the absorbed solution from the air. The organic acid composition is less irritant and exfoliates dead skin and horny layers effectively without toxic effect and side effect. The dead skin and horny layers on the special body areas could be exfoliated more effectively by covering or coating the membrane equably on the surface of the areas.
Use of a combination of macroalgae and microalgae extracts for preparing a cosmetic product and/or dermocosmetic product for topical application on oily skin and/or acne skin, is claimed. An independent claim is included for a cosmetic and/or dermocosmetic composition comprising 0.1-10 wt.% of the combination of algae extracts. ACTIVITY : Dermatological; Antiseborrheic. MECHANISM OF ACTION : 5-alpha -Reductase inhibitor. The 5-alpha -reductase inhibitory activity of extract (comprising Fucus spiralisand T. chuiextract at a dosage of 10 mg/ml) was tested in human fibroblasts. The result showed that the extract exhibited an inhibition of 42%.
CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 Substrates

Omaveloxolone is a weak inducer of CYP3A4 and CYP2C8. Concomitant use with SKYCLARYS can reduce the exposure of CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 substrates which may reduce the activity of these substrates [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. Refer to the prescribing information of substrates of CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 for dosing instructions if used concomitantly with SKYCLARYS and monitor for lack of efficacy of the concomitant treatment. 

Hormonal Contraceptives

Omaveloxolone is a weak CYP3A4 inducer [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. Concomitant use with SKYCLARYS may reduce the efficacy of hormonal contraceptives. Advise patients to avoid concomitant use with combined hormonal contraceptives (e.g., pill, patch, ring), implants, and progestin only pills [see Use in Specific Populations (8.3)].
Patients using topical corticosteroids should receive the following information and instructions:

  1. This medication is to be used as directed by the physician. It is for external use only. Avoid contact with the eyes. In case of contact, wash eyes liberally with water.
  2. This medication should not be used for any disorder other than that for which it was prescribed.
  3. Patients should promptly report to their physician any worsening of their skin condition.
  4. Parents of pediatric patients should be advised not to use Derma-Smoothe/FS® in the treatment of diaper dermatitis. Derma-Smoothe/FS® should not be applied to the diaper area as diapers or plastic pants may constitute occlusive dressing.
  5. This medication should not be used on the face, underarm, or groin unless directed by the physician.
  6. As with other corticosteroids, therapy should be discontinued when control is achieved. If no improvement is seen within 2 weeks, contact the physician.
Adjuvant Cohort participants receive pembrolizumab 400 mg via IV infusion on Day 1 of each 6-week cycle for up to 9 cycles. Placebo will be administered every 3 weeks up to a total of 9 doses. The total duration of treatment is up to approximately 13 months.
Relapse is common in Ph- B-ALL and a proportion of patients present refractory to initial treatment. Treatments for these patients consist immunotherapy and conventional chemotherapy. The former is too expensive and the latter has a low remission rate. Treatment for R/R Ph- B-ALL still remains a challenge. The efficacy and safety of cladribine, venetoclax and cytarabine (CAV) has not been explored in ALL. Thus investigators design such a clinical trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of CAV regimen for R/R Ph- B-ALL.
BACKGROUND: Gut bacteria are beneficial to the host, many of which must be passed on to host offspring. During metamorphosis, the midgut of holometabolous insects undergoes histolysis and remodeling, and thus risks losing gut bacteria. Strategies employed by holometabolous insects to minimize this risk are obscure. How gut bacteria affect host insects after entering the hemocoel and causing opportunistic infections remains largely elusive.
RESULTS: We used holometabolous Helicoverpa armigera as a model and found low Lactobacillus load, high level of a C-type lectin (CTL) gene CD209 antigen-like protein 2 (CD209) and its downstream lysozyme 1 (Lys1) in the midgut of the wandering stage. CD209 or Lys1 depletion increased the load of midgut Lactobacillus, which further translocate to the hemocoel. In particular, CD209 or Lys1 depletion, injection of Lactobacillus plantarum, or translocation of midgut L. plantarum into the hemocoel suppressed 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) signaling and delayed pupariation. Injection of L. plantarum decreased triacylglycerol and cholesterol storage, which may result in insufficient energy and 20E available for pupariation. Further, Lysine-type peptidoglycan, the major component of gram-positive bacterial cell wall, contributed to delayed pupariation and decreased levels of triacylglycerols, cholesterols, and 20E, in both H. armigera and Drosophila melanogaster.
CONCLUSIONS: A mechanism by which (Lactobacillus-induced) opportunistic infections delay insect metamorphosis was found, namely by disturbing the homeostasis of lipid metabolism and reducing 20E production. Moreover, the immune function of CTL - Lys was characterized for insect metamorphosis by maintaining gut homeostasis and limiting the opportunistic infections.
The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of asenapine. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. In many cases, the occurrence of these adverse reactions led to discontinuation of therapy. 

  * Application site reactions, primarily in the sublingual area, have been reported. These application site reactions included oral ulcers, blisters, peeling/sloughing, and inflammation.
  * Choking has been reported by patients, some of whom may have also experienced oropharyngeal muscular dysfunction or hypoesthesia.
Tactile discrimination has been extensively studied, but mechanical pain discrimination remains poorly characterized. Here, we measured the capacity for mechanical pain discrimination using a two-alternative forced choice paradigm, with force-calibrated indentation stimuli (Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments) applied to the hand and foot dorsa of healthy human volunteers. In order to characterize the relationship between peripheral nociceptor activity and pain perception, we recorded single-unit activity from myelinated (A) and unmyelinated (C) mechanosensitive nociceptors in the skin using microneurography. At the perceptual level, we found that the foot was better at discriminating noxious forces than the hand, which stands in contrast to that for innocuous force discrimination, where the hand performed better than the foot. This observation of superior mechanical pain discrimination on the foot compared to the hand could not be explained by the responsiveness of individual nociceptors. We found no significant difference in the discrimination performance of either the myelinated or unmyelinated class of nociceptors between skin regions. This suggests the possibility that other factors such as skin biophysics, receptor density or central mechanisms may underlie these regional differences.
Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) patients in the ALA group were provided with BMS disease explanation and psychological counseling. Then they took α-lipoic acid (ALA) 3 times a day, after meals, 200 mg each time, for 2 consecutive weeks.