anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
FIELD: organic chemistry, antibiotics. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a new method of preparing azithromycin dihydrochloride that is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of an antibiotic azithromycin that is used as an antibacterial agent showing broad spectrum of effect. Invention describes a method of preparing azithromycin dihydrochloride that involves an interaction of azithromycin monohydrate or azithromycin dihydrate dissolved in lower (C 1 -C 4 )-alcohol or lower (C 3 -C 6 )-ketone with 1.6-2 equivalents of hydrogen chloride gas dissolved in dry lower (C 1 -C 4 )-alcohol at concentration 12-20% (mass/volume) and at temperature from 10 C to 15 C. Obtained substance is precipitated with a precipitating agent at temperature from 10 C to 25 C at ratio solvent to precipitating agent from 1:1.8 to 1:8 (vol./vol.) followed by its isolation by filtration. EFFECT: development of the improved method of preparing based on economical and technical points of view. 2 cl, 4 ex
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is the second-most common inherited bleeding disorder (BD) worldwide and remains without approved therapies. HHT causes serious mucosal bleeding resulting in severe iron-deficiency anemia, major psychosocial complications, and visceral arteriovenous malformations in the brain, lung, and liver, which can cause life-threatening hemorrhagic complications. No study has examined the relative morbidity of HHT and von Willebrand disease (VWD), which is the most common inherited BD in women. We performed an observational cohort study of women with HHT or VWD, comparing a representative sample of 100 randomly selected women with HHT to 100 randomly selected age-matched women with VWD. In HHT vs VWD, recurrent epistaxis and gastrointestinal bleeding were more likely (odds ratio [OR], 32.73 [95% confidence interval, 13.81-71.80]; P < .0001 and 5.69 [2.59-12.89]; P < .0001) and heavy menstrual bleeding was less likely (OR, 0.32 [0.18-0.57]; P < .0001). Iron-deficiency anemia was significantly more likely, and the lowest hemoglobin was significantly lower in HHT than in VWD. The odds of iron infusion dependence, requirement for red cell transfusion, and hemostatic surgical procedures were significantly higher-17-fold, threefold, and eightfold higher, respectively-and hospital admissions to manage disease complications were both ∼14 times more frequent in women with HHT vs those with VWD. In conclusion, much higher disease-related morbidity, mortality, and health care use were observed in women with HHT vs VWD, providing evidence that HHT may be the most clinically significant inherited BD in women. Given the vast gap in research funding for HHT compared with both hemophilia (a disease primarily of men) and VWD, these findings have significant implications for gender equity in hematology.
Three EEG measurements will be recorded: 1) at baseline, 2) during visualization of rest for one minute, and 3) during visualization of usual vigorous exercise for one minute. Measurements 2 and 3 will be recorded savoring dark chocolate and after fully ingesting the dark chocolate respectively.
The use of PARP inhibitors has revolutionized how we think of the BRCA mutated population of ovarian cancer patients. However, this population with BRCA mutation is not the only one with homologous recombination deficiencies (HRD). Examples of BRCAwt but HR deficient mutations (HRD) include: BRIP1, RAD51C/D, and CHEK2 as well as epigenetic changes like BRCA methylation. This study is designed to provide information on if BRCAwt, HRD patients with advanced ovarian cancer benefit from maintenance olaparib monotherapy after frontline treatment. PAOLA-1 showed that this population had improved PFS from the addition of olaparib to bevacizumab but there is currently no information on how this population does with olaparib alone. For this reason, a similar population to PAOLA-1 will be used in this study. This study is designed to fill an important gap in the data provided by PAOLA-1. It is now considered standard of care for patients with BRCAwt, HRD disease to receive maintenance PARPi either alone (e.g. niraparib) based of PRIMA or in combination with bevacizumab based of PAOLA-1. Therefore, there is little to no concern that patients will be missing out on potentially beneficial therapy that could impact their prognosis.
BACKGROUND: Delirium is a neuropsychiatric syndrome common in critical illness. Worsening delirium severity is associated with poorer clinical outcomes, yet its assessment remains under-reported with most severity assessment tools not validated for critical care. The DRS-R98 is a widely applied and validated tool. The aim of this project is to report the validation and utility of the DRS-R98 in critical illness.
METHODS: This prospective, cohort study was conducted in adults with delirium admitted to a critical care unit and predicted to stay for ≥ 24 h. We excluded patients with severe neurological or communication barriers that would have interfered with the DRS-R98 assessment. Patients were screened using a delirium detection algorithm and the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit. Eligible patient informations were collected and reported to qualified assessor/s before visiting clinical areas, confirming delirium presence and undertaking DRS- R98 assessments. To assess the tool's construct validity, an intensivist completed the Clinical Global Impression-Scale (CGI-S). To calculate the inter-rater reliability (IRR) a subset of patients were simultaneously evaluated by two assessors.
RESULTS: We assessed 22 patients, 73% were male, with a median age of 65 years (IQR14). The DRS -R98 mean (SD) severity score was 24 (+/-7.7), total scale was 29 (+/18.0), and CGI-S 3.5 (+/11.5). Assessment duration was 90 min (+/-55) and 15 min (+/-5) for record data extraction and clinical assessment respectively. The CGI-S significantly correlated with DRS-R98 severity (r = 0.626) and total (r = 0.628) scales. The DRS-R98 Cronbach's alpha was 0.896 for severity scale and 0.886 for total scale. The inter-rater reliability (IRR) was assessed in six patients and reported an inter-correlation coefficient of 0.505 (p = 0.124) and 0.565 (p = 0.93) for the severity and total scale respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: In critical care, the Delirium Rating Scale R98 had good construct validity, excellent internal consistency, and moderate inter-rater reliability.
Devices, methods, and systems for monitoring and/or assessing compliance with infectious disease guidance for reducing infectious disease transmissions are described herein. The systems may include sensing devices at or within a facility and computing devices to compare data based on outputs from the sensing devices with guidance and/or recommendations for mitigating infectious disease transmission. Various compliance parameters may be identified as being relevant to the guidelines and measurable with outputs from the sensing devices. Various compliance parameters may be identified as being relevant to the guidelines, but not measurable with outputs from the sensing devices. The compliance parameters may be individually scored or scored in groups, including the compliance parameters not measureable with outputs from the sensing devices, and a score relative to a facility or group of facilities may be provided. The scores may be presented to via a dashboard.
NEW MATERIAL:A compound shown by the formula I (R1 and R2 are lower alkyl; R3 is H, OH, lower alkoxy, lower acyl, benzoyl, etc.; n is 0-3; Y is acid residue). EXAMPLE:Dimethylphenylsulfonium-p-toluenesulfonate. USE:Useful as a drug having antiallergic action, promoting action on immunological ability of organism, carcinostatic action, and immune adjusting action. PREPARATION:A sulfide compound shown by the formula II is reacted with a compound shown by the formula R2Y, or a sulfonium halide shown by the formula III (X is halogen) is reacted with a compound shown by the formula ZY1 (Z is silver, or alkali metal; Y1 is acid residue except X), to give a compound shown by the formula I . The reaction is carried out in a solvent or in the absence of a solvent at -30-150 deg.C, preferably at 0-100 deg.C for 0.5-72hr reaction time in the former case. An amount of the compound shown by the formula R2Y is preferably 1-4 times as much as the theoretical molar amount of the compound shown by the formula II.
Presently some 4.5 million people are afflicted with Alzheimer's disease in the United States. At present pharmacologic treatment, although beneficial, is not curative. Certain nonpharmacologic treatments have assisted caregivers of AD patients by reducing their stress and burden, and others have aided patients, by improving their mood and physical functioning. Comprehensive, individualized approaches to improving Alzheimer's patients' symptomatology and caregiver stress and burden have not been systematically investigated in Alzheimer's patient care. This study seeks to train and counsel caregivers as well as develop an individualized, comprehensive management program that will seek to enhance the functioning of each patient participant.

Patients are randomly placed into one of two groups. Both groups receive memantine and comprehensive evaluations at baseline, 4, 12,28 and 52 weeks. Additionally, group 1 receives an individualized management program, which consists of home visits to get the patient exercising, doing enjoyable activities and cognitive stimulation, educational sessions for caregivers on coping with difficult situations and a caregiver support group to help with questions and emotional concerns.
Greater than 400,000 persons die suddenly each year in the US. The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) has revolutionized the primary prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD) following myocardial infarction (MI), however, risk stratification remains limited and rests solely on the identification of left ventricular dysfunction. The goal of this study is to determine if genetic factors influence the risk of ventricular arrhythmia remotely after myocardial infarction.

In order to determine if ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation remotely after MI is a heritable trait, we will conduct a family based case-control sibling study of patients who have received an ICD for ischemic cardiomyopathy. As a first step, we will utilize the GENECARD registry, an existing family linkage study of premature cardiovascular disease, to determine the prevalence of sibling concordance for ICD implantation following MI. Probands and siblings in the GENECARD study will be surveyed regarding their ICD history. The sibling recurrence risk ratio for ICD implantation following MI and subsequent ICD therapies will be used to estimate the sample size required to validate heritability, in a larger patient population. In the validation phase of this protocol, we will use a (1) single healthcare system database (Duke Cardiovascular Databank) and a (2) regional population-based registry, in order to determine concordance for ICD therapies. Patients who agree to participate and provide informed consent will be surveyed regarding their personal ICD history and that of their siblings. The prevalence of ICD therapies will be ascertained in the probands, siblings, and the overall cohort. Sibling concordance for ICD implantation and sibling concordance for subsequent appropriate ICD therapies will be used to determine the sibling recurrence risk ratio for appropriate ICD therapies remotely after MI.
BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis is a chronic pathology, leading to acute coronary heart disease or stroke. MiR-127 has been found significantly upregulated in advanced atherosclerosis. But its function in atherosclerosis remains unexplored. We explored the role of miR-127-3p in regulating atherosclerosis development and its downstream mechanisms.
METHODS: The expression profile of miR-127 in carotid atherosclerotic plaques of 23 patients with severe carotid stenosis was detected by RT-qPCR and in situ hybridization. Primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) stimulated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein were used as an in vitro model. CCK-8, EdU, RT-qPCR, and flow cytometry were used to detect the proliferative capacity and polarization of BMDM, which were infected by lentivirus-carrying plasmid to upregulate or downregulate miR-127-3p expression, respectively. RNA sequencing combined with bioinformatic analysis and targeted fatty acid metabolomics approach were used to detect the transcriptome and lipid metabolites. The association between miR-127-3p and its target was verified by dual-luciferase activity reporting and Western blotting. Oxygen consumption rate of BMDM were detected using seahorse analysis. High-cholesterol-diet-fed low density lipoprotein deficient (LDLR-/-) mice, with-or-without carotid tandem-stenosis surgery, were treated with miR-127-3p agomir or antagomir to examine its effect on plaque development and stability.
RESULTS: miR-127-3p, not -5p, is elevated in human advanced carotid atheroma and its expression is positively associated with macrophage accummulation in plaques. In vitro, miR-127-3p-overexpressed macrophage exhibites increased proliferation capacity and facilitates M1 polariztion whereas the contrary trend is present in miR-127-3p-inhibited macrophage. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) is one potential target of miR-127-3p. miR-127-3p mimics decreases the activity of 3' untranslated regions of SCD-1. Furthermore, miR-127-3p downregulates SCD1 expression, and reversing the expression of SCD1 attenuates the increased proliferation induced by miR-127-3p overexpression in macrophage. miR-127-3p overexpression could also lead to decreased content of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), increased content of acetyl CoA and increased level of oxidative phosphorylation. In vivo, miR-127-3p agomir significantly increases atherosclerosis progression, macrophage proliferation and decreases SCD1 expression and the content of UFAs in aortic plaques of LDLR-/- mice. Conversely, miR-127-3p antagomir attenuated atherosclerosis, macrophage proliferation in LDLR-/- mice, and enhanced carotid plaque stability in mice with vulnerable plaque induced.
CONCLUSION: MiR-127-3p enhances proliferation in macrophages through downregulating SCD-1 expression and decreasing the content of unsaturated fatty acid, thereby promoting atherosclerosis development and decreasing plaque stability. miR-127-3p/SCD1/UFAs might provide potential therapeutic target for anti-inflammation and atherosclerosis.
1,219,026. Oral dosage forms. ABBOTT LABORATORIES. 2 Aug., 1968 [18 Aug., 1967], No. 37098/68. Heading A5B. A pharmaceutical dosage form for oral administration comprises an active drug and a resin embedding individual particles of the drug in such a manner that the drug remains substantially protected by the resin while the particles travel through the stomach and small intestines of the patient and that the drug is substantially completely exposed at the time the particles reach the large intestines, the resins, and the amount of the resin being selected so that when a quantity of the drug embedded in the resin is introduced into a Stoll- Gershberg disintigration apparatus, submerged in a simultated intestinal fluid, made in accordance with the instruction given in the U.S. Pharmacopoeia Volume XVII, 1969, at page 919, but modified by containing no pancreatin, and operated as described in the complete Specification, 2-12% of the drug dissolves within an hour of the introduction of the drug into the fluid and 18-88% of the drug dissolves within three hours of the introduction of the drug into the fluid. In examples erythromycin stearate is used as active ingredient.
OBJECTIVE: Lidocaine, a common local anesthetic in medical practice, exhibits anticancer properties across various tumor types. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of lidocaine on oral squamous cell carcinoma.
METHODS: Cell viability and proliferation were assessed through CCK-8 and EdU assays. Transwell assays were used to analyze cell migration and invasion. Immunofluorescence assays were conducted to determine MMP9 levels. In vivo tumor growth was evaluated using a tumor xenograft model, and Ki67 and MMP9 levels were determined using immunohistochemistry. N6-methyladenosine levels were assessed using dot plots and ELISA. mRNA and protein levels were examined through reverse transcription-quantitative PCR or western blot analysis. The association between IGF2BP2 and caveolin-1 was validated through RIP and luciferase reporter assays.
RESULTS: Lidocaine exhibited suppressive effects on the viability, migration, invasion, and tumor formation of oral squamous cell carcinoma. IGF2BP2 expression correlated with poor survival and was downregulated by lidocaine. Lidocaine reduced caveolin-1 stability by decreasing IGF2BP2 levels. Caveolin-1 overexpression partially reversed the suppressive effects of lidocaine on the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.
CONCLUSION: Lidocaine exerts an anticancer role in oral squamous cell carcinoma via IGF2BP2-mediated regulation of caveolin-1 stability.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of gabapentin on blood pressure (BP) in cats with and without chronic kidney disease (CKD).
METHODS: A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled crossover study was performed. A total of 29 cats were included: 13 cats with stable CKD (IRIS stage 2-4) and 16 apparently healthy cats (serum creatinine <1.6 mg/dl and urine specific gravity >1.035). The cats were evaluated twice, approximately 1 week apart, and BP (Doppler sphygmomanometry) was obtained 3 h after cats received either a single dose of gabapentin 10mg/kg PO or placebo. For each cat, BP readings were obtained at each visit using the same Doppler and sphygmomanometer unit, and the same cat holder and Doppler operator, in the same location.
RESULTS: After administration of a single dose of gabapentin (10 mg/kg PO), BP was significantly lower (median 122 mmHg, range 82-170) than after administration of the placebo (median 150 mmHg, range 102-191; P = 0.001). In the CKD subgroup, BP was significantly lower after administration of gabapentin (median 129 mmHg, range 96-170) than after administration of the placebo (median 155 mmHg, range 102-191; P = 0.008). In the healthy cat subgroup, BP was significantly lower after administration of gabapentin (median 121 mmHg, range 82-139) than after administration of the placebo (median 137 mmHg, range 102-177; P = 0.002). The median change in BP was -12 mmHg (range -95 to 10) for healthy cats and -12 mmHg (range -43 to 21) for cats with CKD (no significant difference between subgroups).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Gabapentin may decrease arterial BP in cats with and without CKD and these findings should be taken into account when gabapentin is administered to patients in which measurement of BP is needed.
We conducted a randomized trial to determine the effect of providing families from Bogota, Colombia, with a one month supply of one of two cooking oils, sunflower oil vs. soybean oil, on whole blood and saliva fatty acid composition of children. The aims were: 1) assess the effect of the oils on whole blood fatty acid composition in children, 2) assess the correlation between whole blood and saliva to evaluate if fatty acids measured in saliva would be adequate biomarkers of intake. The study was conducted in the context of an ongoing cohort study of school children from Bogotá, Colombia (HUM00043252). We conducted an intervention trial of 4 week duration. Participant families were randomly assigned to either sunflower oil or soybean oil. Families were visited two times during the 4 week period. We collected dietary information from the person in the household in charge of food preparation, and from the child. At the end of the intervention we collected information on whether or not they liked the oil and whether they would be willing to use it, exclusively, for two years, to assess acceptability for a longer intervention. We also collected two finger prick blood samples and two saliva/cheek cells samples from the child, at the beginning and at the end of the study, to evaluate compliance and to assess the impact of the intervention.
A single dose of repaglinide 0.5 mg (1 × 0.5-mg tablet) will be administered orally on Cycle 1 Day 1 and Cycle 1 Day 15. Ripretinib 150 mg QD (3 × 50-mg tablets) will be administered orally from Day 2 through Day 28 for Cycle 1 and will be administered continuously from Cycle 2 until disease progression as assessed by the Investigator, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent.
Excess weight and obesity have high prevalence rates globally and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, telehealth emerged as an effective tool for promoting healthy behaviours in the management of chronic conditions. This study employed a three-month quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-intervention measurements, assessing the progress of 82 adults assigned either to an intervention group (IG) or a control group (CG). A total of 66 participants completed the study, with 33 in each group. The IG had access to a telehealth-based platform providing educational content on healthy lifestyle habits and were followed up both in-person and remotely. The CG were monitored as usual, i.e., at their primary care nurses' discretion. The IG exhibited a statistically significant reduction in weight, BMI, and abdominal circumference, along with improved adherence to a heart-healthy diet, specifically the Mediterranean diet, and higher levels of physical activity. The nurse-led intervention (Care4US+), utilising telehealth from primary care, has proven effective in enhancing healthy behaviours and reducing cardiovascular risk factors.
Bioactive compounds found in medicinal plants and plant extracts, such as polyphenols, represent the oldest and most widely used form of alternative or complementary treatments for the prevention and management of obesity. Their consumption is currently increasing in the population due to the high cost, potential adverse effects and limited benefits of currently available pharmaceutical drugs. Helichrysum italicum is a mediterranean plant with promising nutraceutical activities. The plant is known as a rich source of biologically active compounds such as polyphenolic antioxidants, which are recognized in the prevention of various non-communicable chronic diseases. However, most of its traditionally claimed uses have not yet been scientifically proven.

The proposed study will investigate the acute effect of Helichrysum italicum infusion on resting energy expenditure, substrate oxidation, respiratory quotient and blood pressure in a pilot study of 11 male adults. It will be designed as a crossover study. Half of the participants will consume the Helichrysum italicum infusion and the other half will consume hot water. After seven days of washout period the participants will consume the alternate beverage.
The drugs used in this trial are called targeted drugs as they target specific activities that are carried out by cancer cells that make them grow and spread. Sorafenib is an approved drug for the treatment of advanced kidney cancer. RAD001 is an experimental drug that has been used in other research studies with other types of cancer. In this trial, the use of RAD001 and sorafenib together for the treatment of kidney cancer is experimental. In the Phase I portion of this study 13-16 patients will be treated with the same dose of sorafenib and different doses of RAD001. The purpose is to see what is a safe dose of RAD001 when combined with sorafenib in the treatment of kidney cancer. Once this dose of RAD001 is determined, about 65 more patients will be treated to see how effective this combination of drugs is against this kidney cancer.

Both of these drugs are taken by mouth. Sorafenib will be taken twice a day. RAD001 is taken by mouth weekly. Patients will be able to continue treatment as long as their disease does not worsen or side effects become intolerable.