anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Oxidative stress can affect the protein, lipids, and DNA of the cells and thus, play a crucial role in several pathophysiological conditions. It has already been established that oxidative stress has a close association with inflammation via nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling pathway. Amino acids are notably the building block of proteins and constitute the major class of nitrogen-containing natural products of medicinal importance. They exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities, including the ability to activate NRF2, a transcription factor that regulates endogenous antioxidant responses. Moreover, amino acids may act as synergistic antioxidants as part of our dietary supplementations. This has aroused research interest in the NRF2-inducing activity of amino acids. Interestingly, amino acids' activation of NRF2-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) signaling pathway exerts therapeutic effects in several diseases. Therefore, the present review will discuss the relationship between different amino acids and activation of NRF2-KEAP1 signaling pathway pinning their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. We also discussed amino acids formulations and their applications as therapeutics. This will broaden the prospect of the therapeutic applications of amino acids in a myriad of inflammation and oxidative stress-related diseases. This will provide an insight for designing and developing new chemical entities as NRF2 activators.
BACKGROUND: For critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), there remains controversy regarding the predictive factors affecting the discontinuation of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). This study aims to explore factors associated with successful CRRT discontinuation in AKI patients and to develop predictive models for successful discontinuation.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study on adult patients with AKI who received CRRT, sourced from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-IV) database. Successful discontinuation of CRRT was defined as no CRRT requirement within 72 h after stopping CRRT. Predictive factors for successful discontinuation of CRRT were analyzed. Additionally, we utilized machine learning algorithms to develop predictive models, including logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), XGBoost, and K-nearest neighbor (KNN).
RESULTS: A total of 599 patients were included, of whom 475 (79.3%) successfully discontinued CRRT. Urine output, non-renal SOFA score, bicarbonate, systolic blood pressure, and blood urea nitrogen were identified as risk factors for successful CRRT discontinuation. The KNN model exhibited the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) (0.870), followed by LR (0.739), DT (0.691), RF (0.847), and XGBoost (0.830). When incorporating all available variables, the AUCs for the LR, DT, RF, XGBoost, and KNN models were 0.708, 0.674, 0.875, 0.866, and 0.816, respectively. Considering the performance of the models in both scenarios, the ensemble learning models (RF and XGBoost) were demonstrated superior performance.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results identified factors associated with successful discontinuation of CRRT in AKI patients. Additionally, we developed promising machine learning models which provided a reference for future research.
Risk of Renal Injury

Although data from controlled clinical studies at low flow rates are limited, findings taken from patient and animal studies suggest that there is a potential for renal injury which is presumed due to Compound A. Animal and human studies demonstrate that sevoflurane administered for more than 2 MAC·hours and at fresh gas flow rates of < 2 L/min may be associated with proteinuria and glycosuria.

While a level of Compound A exposure at which clinical nephrotoxicity might be expected to occur has not been established, it is prudent to consider all of the factors leading to Compound A exposure in humans, especially duration of exposure, fresh gas flow rate, and concentration of sevoflurane. During sevoflurane anesthesia the clinician should adjust inspired concentration and fresh gas flow rate to minimize exposure to Compound A. To minimize exposure to Compound A, sevoflurane exposure should not exceed 2 MAC·hours at flow rates of 1 to < 2 L/min. Fresh gas flow rates < 1 L/min are not recommended.

Because clinical experience in administering sevoflurane to patients with renal insufficiency (creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL) is limited, its safety in these patients has not been established.

Sevoflurane may be associated with glycosuria and proteinuria when used for long procedures at low flow rates. The safety of low flow sevoflurane on renal function was evaluated in patients with normal preoperative renal function. One study compared sevoflurane (N = 98) to an active control (N = 90) administered for ≥ 2 hours at a fresh gas flow rate of ≤ 1 Liter/minute. Per study defined criteria, one patient in the sevoflurane group developed elevations of creatinine, in addition to glycosuria and proteinuria. This patient received sevoflurane at fresh gas flow rates of ≤ 800 mL/minute. Using these same criteria, there were no patients in the active control group who developed treatment emergent elevations in serum creatinine.

Sevoflurane may present an increased risk in patients with known sensitivity to volatile halogenated anesthetic agents. KOH containing CO2 absorbents are not recommended for use with sevoflurane.

Risk of Respiratory Depression

Sevoflurane may cause respiratory depression, which may be augmented by opioid premedication or other agents causing respiratory depression. Monitor respiration and, if necessary, assist with ventilation (see PRECAUTIONS).

Risk of QT Prolongation

Reports of QT prolongation, associated with torsade de pointes (in exceptional cases, fatal), have been received. Caution should be exercised when administering sevoflurane to susceptible patients (e.g., patients with congenital Long QT Syndrome or patients taking drugs that can prolong the QT interval).
The current study was designed to examine the role of glutamate NMDA receptors of the mediodorsal thalamus (MD) in scopolamine-induced memory impairment. Adult male rats were bilaterally cannulated into the MD. According to the results, intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of scopolamine (1.5 mg/kg) immediately after the training phase (post-training) impaired memory consolidation. Bilateral microinjection of the glutamate NMDA receptors agonist, N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA; 0.05 µg/rat), into the MD significantly improved scopolamine-induced memory consolidation impairment. Co-administration of D-AP5, a glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist (0.001-0.005 µg/rat, intra-MD) potentiated the response of an ineffective dose of scopolamine (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) to impair memory consolidation, mimicking the response of a higher dose of scopolamine. Noteworthy, post-training intra-MD microinjections of the same doses of NMDA or D-AP5 alone had no effect on memory consolidation. Moreover, the blockade of the glutamate NMDA receptors by 0.003 ng/rat of D-AP5 prevented the improving effect of NMDA on scopolamine-induced amnesia. Thus, it can be concluded that the MD glutamatergic system may be involved in scopolamine-induced memory impairment via the NMDA receptor signaling pathway.
PURPOSE:To obtain a skin external preparation containing extracts of Bletilla striata Reichb. fil. known as a raw material for galenical medicines having pharacodynamic effects of hemostasis, drainage, mucilaginous property, etc., from ancient times as active ingredients, being safe to skin and capable of preventing, relieving and suppressing liver-spot, ephelis, blackening, etc. CONSTITUTION:An above-ground part such as a leaf part, a stem part or flower part, fruit, a ground bulb part or whole grass of Bletilla striata Reichb. fil., preferably the ground bulb part thereof is, as necessary after drying or pulverizing, extracted using a proper solvent. The resultant extract is blended as an active ingredient to provide the objective skin external preparation. This skin external preparation is effective in prevention of liver-spot, ephelis, dark complexion, etc., or relief of symptom or suppression of exacerbation. Further, the skin external preparation can effectively be used as a cosmetic, a medicated cosmetic or an external medicine in order to carry out beautifying of skin such as recovery of skin after sun-burn or snow-burn. This skin external preparation is excellent in safety as well as stability with the lapse of time.
BACKGROUND: Adenomyosis is one of the structural causes of abnormal uterine bleeding, which often presents as heavy menstrual bleeding. Mostly because of the poor understanding of its pathophysiology, medical management of adenomyosis-induced heavy menstrual bleeding is still a challenge. We have previously reported that glycolysis is crucial to endometrial repair following menstruation and that suppressed glycolysis can cause heavy menstrual bleeding.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to test the hypothesis that meclizine, a drug with an excellent safety profile, alleviates heavy menstrual bleeding in mice with induced adenomyosis using a simulated menstruation model.
STUDY DESIGN: Adenomyosis was induced in 36 female C57BL/6 mice using endometrial-myometrial interface disruption. Three months after induction, the mice were randomly divided into the following 3 groups: low-dose meclizine, high-dose meclizine, and controls. Treatment with meclizine or vehicle started shortly before the simulated menstruation procedure and ended before progesterone withdrawal. The amount of blood loss was quantified and uterine tissue was harvested for histologic evaluation of the grade of endometrial repair. We performed immunohistochemistry analysis of 4 proteins critically involved in glycolysis: Glut1 (glucose transporter 1), Hk2 (hexokinase 2), Pfkfb3 (6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3), and Pkm2 (pyruvate kinase M2). The extent of tissue fibrosis in both ectopic and eutopic endometria was evaluated using Masson trichrome staining.
RESULTS: In mice with induced adenomyosis, meclizine accelerated endometrial repair in a dose-dependent manner and reduced the amount of menstrual bleeding. Meclizine administration raised endometrial immunoexpression of Hk2 and Pfkfb3 but not of Glut1 or Pkm2. The extent of endometrial fibrosis was reduced following the meclizine administration. Remarkably, these favorable changes were accompanied by the suppression of lesional progression, as evidenced by the dose-dependent reduction in the extent of fibrosis (a surrogate for lesional progression).
CONCLUSION: These encouraging results, taken together, suggest that glycolysis may be a promising therapeutic target and that meclizine may hold therapeutic potential as a nonhormonal treatment for adenomyosis-induced heavy menstrual bleeding without exacerbating the disease.
INTRODUCTION: Alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD) accounts for over one third of all deaths from liver conditions, and mortality from alcohol-related liver disease has increased nearly five-fold over the last 30 years. Severe alcohol-related hepatitis almost always occurs in patients with a background of chronic liver disease with extensive fibrosis or cirrhosis, can precipitate 'acute on chronic' liver failure and has a high short-term mortality. Patients with alcohol-related liver disease have impaired immune responses, and increased susceptibility to infections, thus prompt diagnosis of infection and careful patient management is required. The identification of early and non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in ARLD remains an unresolved challenge. Easily calculated predictors of infection and mortality are required for use in patients who often exhibit variable symptoms and disease severity and may not always present in a specialized gastroenterology unit.
METHODS: We have used a simple haematological analyser to rapidly measure circulating myeloid cell parameters across the ARLD spectrum.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: We demonstrate for the first time that immature granulocyte (IG) counts correlate with markers of disease severity, and our data suggests that elevated counts are associated with increased short-term mortality and risk of infection. Other myeloid populations such as eosinophils and basophils also show promise. Thus IG count has the potential to serve alongside established markers such as neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio as a simply calculated predictor of mortality and risk of infectious complications in patients with alcohol-related hepatitis. This would allow identification of patients who may require more intensive management.
Exercise Program + Pharmacologic Intervention (Melatonin + Atenolol + Ibuprofen) + Nutritional Supplementation (Juven) - Resistance training sessions twice weekly using Thera-bands. Walking or running for 3-4 minutes at 70-80% of maximum predicted heart rate. Melatonin 20 mg by mouth (PO) Daily. 90 calories of Juven, twice a day.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention is in the field of medicaments particularly in stable liposomal composition sterilised by means of autoclaving to deliver pharmaceutical drug. The stable liposomal composition comprises aqueous medium; liposomes from appropriate phospholipid; pharmaceutical drug encysted in liposomes and selected from the following: i) liposophile amine and pharmaceutically acceptable acid where pharmaceutically acceptable acid is chosen from organic acid and ii) pharmaceutically acceptable salts of organic acid of lipophile amine and as option pharmaceutically acceptable organic acid where the quantity of pharmaceutically acceptable acid in the composition is such that pH of liposomal composition is lesser or approximately equal to pKa of amino group of pharmaceutically active lipophile amine. Moreover, the invention relates to selection and method for production as well as method of increase in composition stability by means of autoclaving and method of determination of stable liposomal compositions according to the present invention. ^ EFFECT: increase in liposomal composition stability by means of autoclaving. ^ 63 cl, 19 dwg, 4 tbl, 4 ex
The invention relates to monascin A with glycosidase inhibition activity and immunoregulation activity and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of extraction and preparation of biological products. Monascin A is red powder, and molecular formula is C  25  H  32  O  7  Has effects in inhibiting glycosidase activity, and has half Inhibition Concentration (IC) on alpha-glycosidase (alpha-glycosidase)  50  ) 220 μg/mL, and has a significant downregulating effect on the IL-1β, TNF- α, and TGF- β transcript levels of in vitro cultured mouse macrophage RAW 264.7: IL-1β (0.01.+ -. 0.01), TNF-. Alpha. (0.02.+ -. 0.01), and TGF-. Beta.0.03.+ -. 0.01) were significantly altered (P < 0.05) relative to the DMSO control. The monascus A is obtained by culturing monascus and then extracting and separating; can be used for preparing glycosidase inhibitor and antiinflammatory freeEpidemic inhibitors have potential for the treatment of diabetes and immune related aspects. The monascus is edible fungi, so that the method is safe and reliable; the preparation method of the monascin A adopts microbial fermentation, is environment-friendly, is not influenced by natural environment and resources, and is easy to realize industrialized, automatic and continuous production.
We will investigate a population sample of 512 children from the city of Kuopio, Finland. The children will be recruited in 2007-2009 when they are 7-9 years of age and when they will start the first grade in primary schools of the city of Kuopio. The children will be allocated to the combined physical activity and dietary intervention group and the control group after baseline examinations carried out in 2007-2009. The intervention group will undergo individualized and family-based physical activity and dietary intervention, including six intervention visits, for two years. All children from the intervention and control group will be invited to 2-year follow-up examinations carried out in 2009-2011 when they are 9-11 years of age. The intervention group will continue with a less intensive physical activity and dietary intervention until 8-year follow-up examinations carried out in 2015-2017 when the participants are 15-17 years of age. The participants from the intervention and control group will continue with an open follow-up until 14-year follow-up examinations in 2021-2023 when they are 21-23 years of age. All of these study phases will include comprehensive and detailed assessments of behavioral, biological, environmental, and genetic risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases and other chronic diseases. The results of the PANIC Study will help in 1) decreasing the risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases and other chronic diseases since childhood by increasing physical activity, decreasing sedentary time, and improving diet, 2) identifying children and adolescents at increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases and other chronic diseases who would benefit most from the physical activity and dietary interventions, 3) targeting children and adolescents, particularly those at increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases and other chronic diseases, for more careful health examinations, physical activity and dietary interventions, and health follow-up, and 4) preventing cardiometabolic diseases and other chronic diseases as well as their societal consequences in adulthood.
ACTOS (pioglitazone hydrochloride) is an oral antidiabetic agent that acts primarily by decreasing insulin resistance. ACTOS is used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (also known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [NIDDM] or adult-onset diabetes). Pharmacological studies indicate that ACTOS improves sensitivity to insulin in muscle and adipose tissue and inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis. ACTOS improves glycemic control while reducing circulating insulin levels.

Pioglitazone [(±)-5-[[4-[2-(5-ethyl-2-pyridinyl)ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]-2,4-] thiazolidinedione monohydrochloride belongs to a different chemical class and has a different pharmacological action than the sulfonylureas, metformin, or the α-glucosidase inhibitors. The molecule contains one asymmetric carbon, and the compound is synthesized and used as the racemic mixture. The two enantiomers of pioglitazone interconvert in vivo. No differences were found in the pharmacologic activity between the two enantiomers. The structural formula is as shown: 

Pioglitazone hydrochloride is an odorless white crystalline powder that has a molecular formula of C19H20N2O3S•HCl and a molecular weight of 392.90 daltons. It is soluble in N,N-dimethylformamide, slightly soluble in anhydrous ethanol, very slightly soluble in acetone and acetonitrile, practically insoluble in water, and insoluble in ether.

ACTOS is available as a tablet for oral administration containing 15 mg, 30 mg, or 45 mg of pioglitazone (as the base) formulated with the following excipients: lactose monohydrate NF, hydroxypropylcellulose NF, carboxymethylcellulose calcium NF, and magnesium stearate NF.
The study will be the first to develop and evaluate a Pediatric Emergency Department (PED) Decision Support System (DSS)-Electronic Medical Records (EMR) System to facilitate the identification of smokers and the delivery of a Second Hand Smoke (SHSe) exposure intervention to caregivers who bring their child to the PED. The investigators will conduct a two-phased project to develop, refine, and integrate a Decision Support System into the current electronic medical record system. In Phase I, the investigators will develop a three-part DSS with prompts to: 1) ASK about child SHSe and caregiver smoking 2) Use a software program (REDCap) to ADVISE caregivers to reduce their child's SHSe via total smoking home and car bans and quitting smoking, and 3) ASSIST caregivers to quit by directly connecting them to their choice of free cessation resources (e.g., Quitline, txt2quit, smokefree.gov) during the PED visit. If the investigators discover that a teen participant is a smoker, the investigators will provide them with resources for the Quitline, tx2quit, and teen.smokefree.gov. The investigators will create reports to provide feedback to nurses on their SHSe counseling behaviors. Nurses will provide input on program content, functions, and design. In Phase II, the investigators will conduct a 3-month feasibility trial to test the results of implementing the DSS on changes in nurse SHSe-related behaviors, and child and caregiver outcomes.
The deleterious effects of institutionalized care on the health and growth and development of children have been described. Early studies have shown that the effects of institutionalized care on a child's growth and development may not be fully reversible. The exact mechanism through which these early stresses affect bio-behavioral outcomes has yet to be determined. A likely mechanism in which environmental influences could regulate both biological and psychosocial development may be through the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPA). Recent advances in the area of brain research have enriched our understanding of the importance of early life experiences on physical, cognitive, developmental, mental and behavioral health outcomes. Children adopted from orphanages in countries as diverse as the former Soviet Union and Guatemala provide an opportunity to learn more about the effect of deprivation on neuro-endocrine function, physical growth, and developmental outcomes, including cognitive and behavioral measures.

This protocol proposes to study the changes of the HPA axis of the post-institutionalized adoptive child, ages 10 months to 4 years, which may help elucidate the etiology of the complex findings in this population. We will recruit 60 adopted children who experienced institutionalized care and were recently adopted by a US family and 60 controls. Our primary hypothesis is that a number of adopted children will have biochemical evidence of stress-induced activation of the HPA axis and sympathetic adrenal medullary system. HPA dysfunction will be evident by abnormal diurnal salivary cortisol levels, increased cortisol and/or catecholamine excretion in 24 hours urine measurements, and dysregulation of autonomic nervous system activity We also hypothesize that many of these responses will not normalize with time and that there will be a correlation between these responses and growth and behavioral disorders. In addition, we will examine nutritional intake and sleep patterns to determine their effect on growth and developmental outcome.
FIELD: medicine, narcology. SUBSTANCE: one should inject intramuscularly 1%-mesaton solution at the dosage of 0.1 mg/kg body weight for patient with either alcoholism or opium narcomania additionally to clinico- psychological trial. Heart rate should be detected before and 5 min after mesaton injection and at its increase against initial value one should diagnose pathological addiction to opiates and alcohol. The method in question enables to increase accuracy of obtained results and objectivize earlier diagnostic signs. EFFECT: higher efficiency of diagnostics. 2 ex