anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The invention relates to methods and systems for computationally efficient optimization of radiation dose delivery that involve determining an objective function to be used for mapping radiotherapy beams to a patient body volume having at least one target volume and at least one non-target volume. The objective function has a first term related to the at least one target volume and a second term related to the at least one non-target volume. The second term is zero only if the weights of beamlets mapped so as to pass through the non-target volume(s) are zero. The second term helps to avoid the occurrence of negative beam weights, thereby facilitating computationally efficient optimization using matrix inversion. An optimal set of weights of beamlets is determined using the objective function. Radiotherapy is delivered based on the determined optimal set of weights.
Flexibility, the most important component of physical fitness, is defined as the maximal range of motion occurring in the joint or joint group. Elasticity is the ability of the structure to change its shape and size with the effect of force and to return to its previous position when the force is removed. These two components are also very effective on strength, agility, balance, speed, coordination and proprioception, which are other components of physical fitness. It is very important in reducing stress and tension, relieving muscle cramps, muscle relaxation, body fitness, reducing risks of injury and pain, regular sleep and daily life activities. Good levels of this increase the efficiency of the movement.

Different stretching protocols are applied in traditional rehabilitation to increase these levels. Static stretching, which is one of these stretching protocols, is known to prevent injuries and benefit performance as a result of increasing the range of motion. It is a type of stretching that minimizes the risk of injury as well as easy application. However, stretching times that will change the elasticity and flexibility of a large-thick muscle and a thin-long muscle are different. In the literature, the evidence regarding the effects of different static stretching times on elasticity is very limited, and the evidence on the effects on flexibility varies. Although 10 to 30 seconds of static stretching is said to be effective, studies on which duration is effective for which muscle group are quite limited.

Based on these, the aim of our study is to examine the effects of stretching exercises of different periods on muscle elasticity to be applied to thin and thick muscle groups. The study will be carried out on healthy, sedentary people aged 20-45 years. People who agree to participate in the study will be randomly divided into two groups. Static stretching will be applied to the hamstring and gracilis muscles of one group for 10 seconds while static stretching will be applied to the other group for 30 seconds. Static stretching exercises will be applied 8 weeks, 3 days a week, 3 times a day in 10 repetitions. On the dominant legs of the participants will be evaluated muscle elasticities with Myoton, muscle flexibility with flexibility tests, joint range of motion with goniometer. As a result of our thesis study, the investigators aim to find out how many seconds of static stretching will be more effective in different muscle groups, how different stretching times will change the muscle elasticity in different muscle groups, and thanks to this information, the investigators will be more successful in rehabilitation.
Motor activation in response to perception of action-related stimuli may depend on a resonance mechanism subserving action understanding. The extent to which this mechanism is innate or learned from sensorimotor experience is still unclear. Here, we recorded EEG while people with paraplegia or tetraplegia consequent to spinal cord injury (SCI) and healthy control participants were presented with action sounds produced by body parts (mouth, hands or feet) that were or were not affected by SCI. Non-action sounds were used as further control. We observed reduced brain activation in subjects affected by SCI at both pre- and post-stimulus latencies specifically for those actions whose effector was disconnected by the spinal lesion (i.e., hand sound for tetraplegia and leg sound for both paraplegia and tetraplegia). Correlation analyses showed that these modulations were functionally linked with the chronicity of the lesion, indicating that the longer the time the lesion- EEG data acquisition interval and/or the more the lesion occurred at a young age, the weaker was the cortical activity in response to these action sounds. Tellingly, source estimations confirmed that these modulations originated from a deficit in the motor resonance mechanism, by showing diminished activity in premotor (during prediction and perception) and near the primary motor (during perception) areas. Such dissociation along the cortical hierarchy is consistent with both previous reports in healthy subjects and with hierarchical predictive coding accounts. Overall, these data expand on the notion that sensorimotor experience maintains the cortical representations relevant to anticipate and perceive action-related stimuli.
The present invention provides a contrast medium having excellent safety and good relaxing properties and capable of simultaneously diagnosing various diseases. According to the present invention, gadolinium (Gd) which is a paramagnetic material is used as a main material, and a contrast medium doped with other rare earth elements is provided. By combination of rare earth elements, reactivity is ensured with respect to light in different wavelength bands, and a specific material capable of diagnosing a specific disease is attached to the contrast medium. Thus, from a patient into which the contrast medium is administrated, various diseases can be simultaneously diagnosed. Moreover, gadolinium oxide (Gd_2O_3) nano-particles or rare earth element-doped gadolinium oxide (Gd_2O_3) nano-particles are coated by silicon oxide (SiO_2), so dispersibility or colloid stability is improved. Thus, good diagnosing properties are ensured, and toxicity of Gd is more certainly prevented. Accordingly, safety is enhanced.
A different group of caregivers (n = 55) will engage with the mHealth solution during 3 months. As elaborated in the following sections, a quantitative approach will be adopted to assess different emotional, behavioral and growth parameters before and after engaging with the mHealth solution (pre-post design).
Two-session/day sham 5-Hz rTMS will be administered by two week (weekdays) with a 30-minutes inter-session interval. A total of 20 sessions will be administered. Then two sessions per week along 12 weeks will be administered as maintenance phase. Parameters are considered as follow: 10 s. train, 10 s. inter-train interval, 2500 pulses per session at 100% of motor threshold (MT).
The invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating renal cell carcinoma and application thereof. The invention discloses the application of a composition of wogonin and sunitinib serving as medicinal components in a medicament for treating renal cell carcinoma for the first time. The experimental results prove that the abnormal rapid DNA replication and the cell proliferation are one of the important characteristics of the tumor, and the inhibition of the DNA replication can induce the apoptosis of the tumor cells. Compared with the two medicines used alone, the wogonin and sunitinib composition has higher activity of inhibiting the DNA replication and proliferation of renal cell carcinoma cells and inducing apoptosis, and the wogonin and sunitinib have the mutual synergistic promotion effect. Meanwhile, the research finds that the combination of wogonin and sunitinib can effectively overcome the drug resistance of renal cell carcinoma cells to sunitinib when used together. The wogonin and sunitinib composition has wide application prospect in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, and provides more drug choices for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma.
Astrocytes interact with various cell types, including neurons, vascular cells, microglia, and peripheral immune cells. These interactions are crucial for regulating normal brain functions as well as modulating neuroinflammation in pathological conditions. Recent transcriptomic and proteomic studies have identified critical molecules involved in astrocytic crosstalk with other cells, shedding light on their roles in maintaining brain homeostasis in both healthy and diseased conditions. Astrocytes perform these various roles through either direct or indirect physical associations with neuronal synapses and vasculature. Furthermore, astrocytes can communicate with other immune cells, such as microglia, T cells, and natural killer cells, through secreted molecules during neuroinflammation. In this review, we discuss the critical molecular basis of this astrocytic crosstalk and the underlying mechanisms of astrocyte communication with other cells. We propose that astrocytes function as a central hub in inter-connecting neurons, vasculatures, and immune cells in healthy and diseased brains.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has demonstrated efficacy as a treatment for major depression. No objective markers have been identified that indicate which patients are most likely to respond to TMS therapy. The goal of the present investigation is to determine whether an electroencephalographic measure called cordance or a measure of blood flow in the frontal brain, as measured by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can serve as predictors of outcome with TMS therapy in depression. Subjects with depression will be treated in this study for 6 weeks with TMS. Frontal brain blood flow measured using NIRS will be assessed prior to TMS therapy, and repeatedly thereafter. EEG cordance will also be obtained following a similar schedule. Measures of depression and other psychiatric disorders will be collected prior to, during and for 2 weeks after the completion of TMS treatment. The correlation between these measures and the EEG and NIRS measures will then be determined to see if these latter measures are predictive of improvement in depression.
Sixty patients are critically ill without evidence of infectious organism (SIRS group). At admission, Patients data include clinical status; SOFA score; central venous pressure; laboratory analysis and arterial blood gas analysis are measured. Routine cultures will be obtained. The attending physician will evaluate the patients for sepsis, severe sepsis, or septic shock as long as their stay in ICU. A serum level of sTREM-1 and MNDA will be monitored.
Methylene blue 100 μM photosensitizer was deposited in the periodontal pocket of one incisor and 1 min of pre-irradiation time was adopted to allow the drug to stain the bacterial biofilm. Then the laser emitting wavelength of 660 nm, with power of 100 mW, was applied to the mucosa during 1 min.
In patients with low back pain (LBP), a visually identified retrospective pain trajectory often mismatches with a trajectory derived from prospective repeated measures. To gain insight into the clinical relevance of the 2 trajectory types, we investigated which showed a higher association with clinical outcomes. Participants were 724 adults seeking care for LBP in Danish chiropractic primary care. They answered weekly short-message-services on pain intensity and frequency over 52 weeks, which we translated into 8 trajectory classes. After 52 weeks, participants selected a retrospective visual pain trajectory from the same 8 trajectory classes. Clinical outcomes included disability, back/leg pain intensity, back beliefs, and work ability. The patient-selected pain trajectory classes were more strongly associated with clinical outcomes than the short-message-service trajectory classes at baseline, at follow-up, and with outcome changes between baseline and follow-up. This held across all 5 clinical outcomes, with the strongest associations observed at week 52 and the weakest at baseline. Patients' retrospective assessment of their LBP is more strongly associated with their clinical status than their prospective assessments translated into trajectory classes. This suggests that retrospective assessments of pain trajectories may provide valuable information not captured by prospective assessments. Researchers collecting prospective pain data should know that the captured pain trajectories are not strongly reflected in patients' perceptions of clinical status. Patients' retrospective assessments seem to offer an interpretation of their pain course that is likely more clinically relevant in understanding the perceived impact of their condition than trajectories based on repeated measures. PERSPECTIVE: Prospective pain data inadequately reflect patients' clinical status. Retrospective assessments provide a more clinically valuable understanding of the impact of their condition.
BACKGROUND: Meniscal root tears can lead to early knee osteoarthritis and pain. This study aimed (1) to compare clinical and radiological outcomes between patients who underwent arthroscopic meniscal root repair after meniscal root tears and those who received non-surgical treatment, and (2) to identify whether baseline MRI findings could be potential predictors for future treatment strategies.
METHODS: Patients with meniscal root tears were identified from our picture archiving and communication system from 2016 to 2020. Two radiologists reviewed radiographs and MRI studies using Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading and a modified Whole Organ MRI Scoring (WORMS) at baseline and follow-up. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) of follow-up radiographs and MRI studies were 134 (44-443) days and 502 (260-1176) days, respectively. MR images were assessed for root tear-related findings. Pain scores using visual analogue scale (VAS) and management strategies (non-surgical vs. arthroscopic root repair) were also collected. Chi-squared tests and independent t-tests were used to assess differences regarding clinical and imaging variables between treatment groups. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the associations between baseline MRI findings and each future treatment.
RESULTS: Ninety patients were included. VAS pain scores were significantly (p < 0.01) lower after arthroscopic repair compared to conservative treatment (1.27±0.38vs.4±0.52) at the last follow-up visit with median (IQR) of 325 (180-1391) days. Increased meniscal extrusion (mm) was associated with higher odds of receiving non-surgical treatment (OR = 1.65, 95%CI 1.02-2.69, p = 0.04). The odds of having arthroscopic repair increased by 19% for every 1 mm increase in the distance of the tear from the root attachment (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.05-1.36, p < 0.01). The odds of undergoing arthroscopic repair were reduced by 49% for every 1 mm increase in the extent of meniscal extrusion (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.29-0.91, p = 0.02) as observed in the baseline MRI.
CONCLUSIONS: Patients who underwent arthroscopic repair had lower pain scores than patients with conservative treatment in the follow-up. Distance of the torn meniscus to the root attachment and the extent of meniscal extrusion were significant predictors for arthroscopic repair in the next three weeks (time from the baseline MRI to the surgery date).
Each subject will receive one single administration of GB001 recombinant peptide. The dosage of each group is 0.054mg, 0.108mg, 0.216mg, 0.432mg and 0.864mg, respectively.
Sham tVNS will be performed by attaching the Parasym device to the ear and setting output to 0. Stimulation will continue until 5 days post-operatively or discharge.
A Chinese patent medicine for external use is disclosed. The medicine is prepared from following raw materials by weight: 15-20 parts of rhizoma atractylodes, 10-15 parts of tripterygium wilfordii, 15-20 parts of borneol, 5-9 parts of cypress sawdust, 15-25 parts of cypress resin, 5-8 parts of wolfiporia extensa, 5-8 parts of radix saposhnikoviae, 10-13 parts of radix angelicae pubescentis, 2-6 parts of crocus sativus and 6-10 parts of tobacco leaf. Compared with medicines at present, the medicine has a high curative rate for psoriasis, relieves disease symptoms in a short period of time, and has significant treating effects. The tripterygium wilfordii has functions of dispelling wind, detoxifying and killing pests, treats rheumatic arthritis and skin itching by external application, kills maggots and oncomelania and poisons rats. The borneol has functions of opening all body orifices, dispersing stagnated fire, relieving swelling and pain, clearing away heat and toxic materials, purging fire and detoxifying. The medicine has advantages of a simple, stable and easily mastered preparation process, saved investment, simple operation, a short production period, and the like.
The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicinal composition for treating hyperlipidemia. Hovenia acerba Lindl. is used as a monarch medicine, and has the efficacies of spleen invigorating, phlegm reducing and blood stasis eliminating; Radish Seed, haw and Acorus gramineus are used as minister medicines, assist the phlegm reducing and blood stasis eliminating of the monarch medicine, and simultaneously refresh the spleen to avoid the source for the phlegm generation; and Rhizoma Alismatis and Artemisia capillaries are used as assistant medicines, and assist the qi moving and blood stasis eliminating of the monarch medicine and the minister medicines. The combination of the above medicines has the efficacies of spleen invigorating, dampness dispelling, phlegm reducing, qi moving, blood circulation promoting and blood stasis eliminating. The invigorated spleen and stomach can realize water dampness and body fluid elimination, no generation of turbid phlegm, non-static qi movement and smooth blood circulation. Clinic tests show that the formula of the traditional Chinese medicinal composition is scientific and reasonable, accords with the theory of the traditional Chinese medical science, and is supported by the modern medical technology. The traditional Chinese medicinal composition has a reliable curative effect on the hyperlipidemia, has no adverse respond, and can be accepted by general hyperlipidemia patients. The total effective rate of the traditional Chinese medicinal composition on the treatment of the hyperlipidemia is 89.2%, so the traditional Chinese medicinal composition is an effective medicine for treating the hyperlipidemia.
Mirror Therapy is a structured, inexpensive, simple and patient-directed treatment. The principle of Mirror Therapy is the use of a mirror to create a reflective illusion of an affected limb, in order to trick the brain into thinking the movement has occurred without pain. It has shown to improve movements of the affected upper limb and the ability to carry out daily activities, in addition to reducing pain (Dhami et al., 2019).
Participants randomized to the High Fiber Diet Arm will be given commonly used patient education pamphlet,149 describing fiber and high-fiber foods, the rationale for increasing fiber intake, and ways patients can promote greater intake. Based on prior observational studies of incident diverticulitis, at least 25 grams/day of fiber will be recommended for participants.
Chronic pain is a common problem, with more than one-fifth of adult Americans reporting pain daily or on most days. It adversely affects the quality of life and imposes substantial personal and economic costs. Efforts to treat chronic pain using opioids had a central role in precipitating the opioid crisis. Despite an estimated heritability of 25-50%, the genetic architecture of chronic pain is not well-characterized, in part because studies have largely been limited to samples of European ancestry. To help address this knowledge gap, we conducted a cross-ancestry meta-analysis of pain intensity in 598,339 participants in the Million Veteran Program, which identified 126 independent genetic loci, 69 of which are new. Pain intensity was genetically correlated with other pain phenotypes, level of substance use and substance use disorders, other psychiatric traits, education level and cognitive traits. Integration of the genome-wide association studies findings with functional genomics data shows enrichment for putatively causal genes (n = 142) and proteins (n = 14) expressed in brain tissues, specifically in GABAergic neurons. Drug repurposing analysis identified anticonvulsants, β-blockers and calcium-channel blockers, among other drug groups, as having potential analgesic effects. Our results provide insights into key molecular contributors to the experience of pain and highlight attractive drug targets.
There is only one arm in this study. A range of variables will first be measured (daily and weekly) over a baseline period in a group of participants. Following this baseline period, participants will be take part in a mindful parenting intervention whilst the same variables are measured. Following the intervention, there will be an 8-week follow-up period, and mindful parenting groups will not run during this time.
The invention provides a nifedipine composition freeze-drying tablet and a preparation method thereof and relates to the technical field of medicines and medicine production. The nifedipine composition freeze-drying tablet comprises nifedipine, starch and cane sugar, wherein starch and cane sugar are used as auxiliary materials, and common corn starch is treated by virtue of a heating process, so that the bonding and disintegrating effects of starch in a tablet can be improved and the formability of the tablet is improved. The nifedipine composition freeze-drying tablet just needs two auxiliary materials: starch and cane sugar. According to the nifedipine composition freeze-drying tablet, a freeze-drying process of reducing the temperature twice and raising the temperature twice is adopted, so that the tablet formability is better and the dissolution rate of the tablet is improved. Therefore, the bioavailability of the tablet is improved. The tablet overcomes the defects of common nifedipine tablet, and the type and dosage of the auxiliary materials in the nifedipine tablet are reduced. The tablet is great in dissolution rate and high in bioavailability, and the curative effect and safety of clinical medication are guaranteed.
Procedure for preparing a quinoline carboxylic acid, with formula I, which includes a reaction between 2,3,4 trifluoro aniline and a formula III dialkyl alkoxy methylmalonate< IMAGE >(K = Me or Et) in the presence of tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether the reaction produces methyl or ethyl 6,7,8-trifluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylate, which reacts with a formula V compound< IMAGE >(X is a salient group), in the presence of catalysts and a base, producing, after base hydrolysis, a formula VI compound< IMAGE >which is cyclised and leads to the formula I compound. This compound is a valuable intermediary for obtaining antibiotics (ofloxacin).< IMAGE >The quinoline carboxylic acid deriv. of formula (I) is made by (a) reacting 2,3,4-trifluoroaniline with a dialkyl alkoxymethylene malonate of formula (III) in which R is methyl or ethyl, in presence of tetramethylene glycol dimethyl ether to give (m)ethyl 6,7,8-trifluoro- 1,4-dihydro- 4-oxoquinoline -3-carboxylate (b) reacting this with CH3CHXCH2OCOCH3 (V) in which X is a leaving gp. in presence of catalysts and a base (c) basic hydrolysis to a cpd. of formula (VI) and (d) cyclising to give the cpd. (I).