anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia is more common in Asian-descendent populations, but differences in disease severity are poorly reported. Our study aimed to compare neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia severity between European and Indian subcontinent descendent newborns. We conducted a single-centre retrospective cohort study including newborns admitted with unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia (January 2016 to December 2021). Patients were followed during admission, comparing those with European ancestry (control group) and Indian subcontinent ancestry (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nepal) (study group). The primary outcome was severe hyperbilirubinemia (TSB > 25 mg/dL, phototherapy > 6 h or need for exchange transfusion [ET]), and the secondary was TSB levels. Adjusted analysis for potential confounding factors was performed using binary logistic regression models. Of 110 newborns included, 27 (24.5%) had Indian subcontinent ancestry. Occurrence of TSB > 25 mg/dL was significantly higher in the study group (22.2% vs. 4.8%, p = 0.006), while no differences were noted in exposure to phototherapy > 6 h and ET therapy. Logistic regression models for confounding factors adjustment showed Indian subcontinent ancestry as an independent risk factor for TSB > 25 mg/dL (OR 7.49, CI 95% [1.23-45.50]). The study group revealed also higher absolute values of TSB both at admission (22.0 mg/dL vs. 19.6 mg/dL, p = 0.013) and at discharge (13.6 mg/dL vs. 11.4 mg/dL, p = 0.005). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that newborns with Indian subcontinent ancestry might show a higher risk for the development of severe hyperbilirubinemia compared to European ancestry newborns. Implementing earlier treatment thresholds in this subset of patients may help prevent severe hyperbilirubinemia.  What is Known: • Indian subcontinent descendent populations have high incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia but data regarding its severity are scarce. What is New: • This article shows that, compared to European descendent newborns, Indian subcontinent descendent newborns might be at higher risk for severe hyperbilirubinaemia.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to preparation for nonparenteral administration. Preparation can be used for treatment of patients with diseases accompanying with hypercoagulation. An aqueous solution of the preparation has pH 1.0-2.5 and it contains thrombin inhibitor of the formula: HOOC- -Y where Y means (R)-Cha- -Pic-Nag or (R)-Cgl-Aze-Pab as salt or free base. Preferable concentration of inhibitor is 0.001-300 mg/ml. Invention provides to obtain the preparation that is stable at storage for two years, not less, at the room temperature. After this time the residual activity of preparation is 95%, not less. EFFECT: improved properties of preparation. 8 cl, 13 tbl, 8 ex
Secondary brain injury exacerbates neurological dysfunction and neural cell death following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), targeting the pathophysiological mechanism of the secondary brain injury holds promise for improving ICH outcomes. Adjudin, a potential male contraceptive, exhibits neuroprotective effects in brain injury disease models, yet its impact in the ICH model remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of adjudin on brain injury in a mouse ICH model and explored its underlying mechanisms. ICH was induced in male C57BL/6 mice by injecting collagenase into the right striatum. Mice received adjudin treatment (50 mg/kg/day) for 3 days before euthanization and the perihematomal tissues were collected for further analysis. Adjudin significantly reduced hematoma volume and improved neurological function compared with the vehicle group. Western blot showed that Adjudin markedly decreased the expression of MMP-9 and increased the expression of tight junctions (TJs) proteins, Occludin and ZO-1, and adherens junctions (AJs) protein VE-cadherin. Adjudin also decreased the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, as indicated by the reduced albumin and Evans Blue leakage, along with a decrease in brain water content. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that adjudin noticeably reduced the infiltration of neutrophil, activation of microglia/macrophages, and reactive astrogliosis, accompanied by an increase in CD206 positive microglia/macrophages which exhibit phagocytic characteristics. Adjudin concurrently decreased the generation of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1β. Additionally, adjudin increased the expression of aquaporin 4 (AQP4). Furthermore, adjudin reduced brain cell apoptosis, as evidenced by increased expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and decreased expression of apoptosis related proteins Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and fewer TUNEL positive cells. Our data suggest that adjudin protects against ICH-induced secondary brain injury and may serve as a potential neuroprotective agent for ICH treatment.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sustained releasability-giving agent for a mint flavor, capable of giving enhanced and sustained-release refreshing feelings to the mint flavor and capable of matching to a taste of a mint, and to provide the sustained-release mint flavor, by using the agent.  <P>SOLUTION: This sustained releasability-giving agent for the mint flavor comprises an alcoholic extract of a distillation residue of a mint essential oil. The distillation residue is preferably obtained so that 80-97 wt.% of the mint essential oil is distilled out and then the residue is collected. The sustained- release mint flavor contains the sustained releasability-giving agent in an amount of 0.1-5 wt.%. Thus, the agent gives the enhanced and sustained-release refreshing feelings to the mint flavor, and matches to the taste of the mint.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO
Signaling through prostaglandin E2 EP3 receptor (EP3) actively contributes to the β-cell dysfunction of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In T2D models, full-body EP3 knockout mice have a significantly worse metabolic phenotype than wild-type controls due to hyperphagia and severe insulin resistance resulting from loss of EP3 in extra-pancreatic tissues, masking any potential beneficial effects of EP3 loss in the β cell. We hypothesized β-cell-specific EP3 knockout (EP3 βKO) mice would be protected from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced glucose intolerance, phenocopying mice lacking the EP3 effector, Gαz, which is much more limited in its tissue distribution. When fed a HFD for 16 wk, though, EP3 βKO mice were partially, but not fully, protected from glucose intolerance. In addition, exendin-4, an analog of the incretin hormone, glucagon-like peptide 1, more strongly potentiated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in islets from both control diet- and HFD-fed EP3 βKO mice as compared with wild-type controls, with no effect of β-cell-specific EP3 loss on islet insulin content or markers of replication and survival. However, after 26 wk of diet feeding, islets from both control diet- and HFD-fed EP3 βKO mice secreted significantly less insulin as a percent of content in response to stimulatory glucose, with or without exendin-4, with elevated total insulin content unrelated to markers of β-cell replication and survival, revealing severe β-cell dysfunction. Our results suggest that EP3 serves a critical role in temporally regulating β-cell function along the progression to T2D and that there exist Gαz-independent mechanisms behind its effects.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The EP3 receptor is a strong inhibitor of β-cell function and replication, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for the disease. Yet, EP3 has protective roles in extrapancreatic tissues. To address this, we designed β-cell-specific EP3 knockout mice and subjected them to high-fat diet feeding to induce glucose intolerance. The negative metabolic phenotype of full-body knockout mice was ablated, and EP3 loss improved glucose tolerance, with converse effects on islet insulin secretion and content.
The subject will be evaluated by upper endoscopy with the OE System (EPK-i7010 HD Video Processor and MagniView™ EG-2990Zi Video Gastroscope) with intravenous sedation in a standardized manner. This technique involves the use of a distal black rubber hood (OE-A58; Pentax) at the tip of the endoscope, to fix the distance between the tip of the endoscope and the gastric mucosa at 2 mm. The OE System will be used in mode 1 and mode 2 without optical magnification, to obtain an overview of the gastric body and identify any gross changes in the mucosa, then optical magnification will be implemented.
The present disclosure is directed to systems and methods of maintaining databases of biomedical images. A server may aggregate digital pathology records from data sources onto a database. Each record may be generated by a data source using a format, and may identify a biomedical image of a sample and data identifying a subject from which the sample is obtained. The server may receive, from a client device, a query identifying a criterion. The server may access the database to identify a subset of records using the criterion. For each record of the subset, the server may identify a data source that generated the record. The server may select a de-identification policy to apply based on the data source. The server may modify the data in the record according to the de-identification policy and the format. The server may provide, to the client device, the de-identified record.
Patients receive palbociclib PO QD and binimetinib PO BID for 14 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Within 1 week after last dose of study medication, patients undergo surgery.
FIELD: pharmaceutical industry. SUBSTANCE: cosmetic agent has an enzymatic complex obtained from biomass of the cultured plant cells of ginseng and polyscyas as an active component and cosmetically acceptable carrier and/or solvent. Content of enzymatic complex in an agent is 0.1-12.0 wt.-%. Agents show high efficiency, stability at storage, antiirritation effect on skin, promote damage healing. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of agent. 1 tbl
The invention relates to a super-positive charge polypeptide and application thereof. The hyper-charge polypeptide is constructed by full artificial design, is composed of 5 amino acids of glycine, alanine, serine, threonine and proline and 6-7 types of amino acids of lysine and/or arginine, and can be fused with bioactive protein or polypeptide for expression. The super-positively charged polypeptide can be used as an intracellular delivery carrier of proteins and polypeptides. The method for using the super-positive charge polypeptide as the intracellular delivery carrier of the protein or the polypeptide can efficiently deliver the protein and the polypeptide with different molecular weights and isoelectric points from the outside of the cell to the inside of the cell, and retain the biological function and the activity of the delivered protein or polypeptide. Meanwhile, the hyper-charge polypeptide has good biological safety. The invention shows an efficient and safe intracellular delivery system of protein or polypeptide, and has good research and development application prospects in the field of biological medicine.
A replication-defective recombinant virus, preferably an adenovirus that lacks E1a, 1b and E4 ORF 6, capable of infecting an eye and containing an ORF encoding a protein that when expressed in lens epithelial cells of an eye, suppresses, at the level of the germinative epithelium of the lens of the eye, cellular proliferation which is stimulated by eye surgery and which would otherwise result in secondary cataract formation in the eye. The ORF, to be expressed, is under the control of a promoter sequence which is expressed exclusively in human lens epithelial cells. The preferred ORFs, to be expressed, include a non-phosphorylatable retinoblastoma ORF, a dominant negative mutant of a human RAS ORF and a Herpes thymidine kinase ORF. The preferred promoter sequences include: a) a promoter of a human Major Intrinsic Protein gene, particularly from -259nt to +34nt, b) a promoter of a human β-crystallin gene, particularly from -345nt to +45nt, and especially c) the promoter of the Major Intrinsic Protein gene or β-crystallin gene or portions thereof, in combination with elements of the promoter of the rat Early Growth Response-1 gene, from -518nt to -236nt. The recombinant virus can be used for the treatment of an eye, undergoing eye (e.g. cararact) surgery, in order to reduce the incidence of cellular proliferation in the eye following the surgery, and thereby to prevent the formation of secondary cataracts.
Cognitive training programs 2 times a week for 3 months (totally 24 sessions) for 90 minutes per session. Lifestyle modification is educated first, then weekly phone call for lifestyle modification is done by investigators.
In acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), the combination treatment of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) appears to have a synergistic effect. Due to this synergism, differentiation syndrome (DS) in APL assumes a distinct identity separate from the formerly known ATRA syndrome, with distinct temporal patterns, diagnostic parameters, and clinical behavior. We retrospectively evaluated single-center data of years 2013-2022. Patients with newly diagnosed APL were categorized into three groups (16 patients in ATRA/ATO standard-risk group, 3 patients in ATRA/chemotherapy standard-risk group, and 5 patients in ATRA/chemotherapy high-risk group). Our aim was to analyze leukocytosis, signs of DS, and hepatic impairment within the first 25 days of treatment. The incidence of DS in the ATRA/ATO SR group was 43.8 %, with a median of 4 days and 2 days from ATRA and ATO initiation, respectively. This group also exhibited higher peak levels of leukocytosis 34.5 (6.0-113.4) x109/L (p = 0.0809). ALT elevation was more prevalent in the ATRA/ATO SR group (93.75 %), with 68.75 % grade 3-4 elevations (p = 0.0094). Importantly, all patients in this group had ALT levels that returned to normal during the subsequent consolidations. These findings suggest hepatopathy as a potential manifestation of ATRA/ATO induced leukocyte differentiation and/or DS. Diverse differentiation patterns were identified within the ATRA/ATO group, classifying patients into three distinct subgroups based on the concurrent dynamics of leukocytes and ALT levels, illustrating simultaneous, sequential, and divergent elevation patterns. These emphasize the different distribution of differentiation (organs vs. peripheral blood). We introduced real-world data and advocated for reevaluation of the current DS definition and associated diagnostic thresholds. Our study, conducted in a small country with a limited number of APL patients, acknowledges the inherent constraints in sample size. Further investigations with larger patient cohorts are warranted to validate and reinforce the outcomes observed in our study.
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of coma among patients in critical care units in Chile. We also aimed to provide insight into the demographic characteristics, etiologies, and complications associated with coma.
METHODS: A single day cross-sectional study was conducted through a national survey of public and private hospitals with critical and intensive cardiac care units across Chile. Data were collected using an online questionnaire that contained questions regarding critically ill patients' information, demographic characteristics, etiology and duration of coma, medical complications, and support requirements.
RESULTS: A total of 84% of all health facilities answered, accounting for a total of 2,708 patients. The overall coma prevalence was 2.9%. The median age of the comatose patients was 61 years (interquartile range 50-72) and 66.2% were male. The median coma duration was five days (interquartile range 2-9). Cerebral hemorrhage was the most common etiology, followed by severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, acute ischemic stroke, and traumatic brain injury. A total of 48.1% of coma patients experienced acute and ongoing treatment complications, with pneumonia being the most common complication, and 97.4% required support during comatose management.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides an overview of the prevalence of coma in Chilean critical and cardiac care units. Coma is a common condition. Comatose patients frequently experience medical complications during their hospitalization.
The invention relates to a compound picrorhiza rhizome composition and a preparation method and pharmaceutical application thereof. The composition can be used for treating diseases such as hepatic injury and the like. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following steps of: extracting picrorhiza rhizome, performing absorption by macroporous absorption resin, washing with water, removing impurities, performing gradient elution with ethanol, recovering the ethanol to obtain an extract of the active components of the picrorhiza rhizome, wherein the content of significant active components of the picrorhiza rhizome, namely picroside I and picroside II, can reach above 50% of the extract in percentage by weight; and extracting volatile oil from bupleurum and white peony root by steam distillation, extracting the dregs, performing absorption by macroporous absorption resin, eluting with distilled water, then performing gradient elution with ethanol, collecting the ethanol eluent, and recovering ethanol to obtain a mixed extract of the active components of the white peony root and bupleurum. The two extracts are combined in a proper proportion, and pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials are added to prepare oral preparations such as capsules, tablets, granules, pills, oral solution and the like, or to prepare injections. The compound picrorhiza rhizome composition has the effects on protecting the liver and treating hepatic injury, and is used for treating and preventing inflammatory injury of various types of hepatitis, fatty liver, alcoholic liver disease and the like. The compound picrorhiza rhizome composition adopts natural vegetable medicines as raw materials, has notable effects on treating hepatic injury, is nontoxic and harmless to human body, and conforms to the national pharmaceutical control laws and regulations.
The Global Lung Initiative (GLI) race-neutral equations are considered to be race agnostic, using inverse probability weight, and have lower limits of normality (LLN) different from the GLI mixed equations. In this observational study, we analyzed the impact of using GLI equations to interpret spirometry of 1,169 patients with chronic respiratory diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), COPD suspects, small airway obstruction, posttubercular lung disease, and preserved ratio with impaired spirometry (PRISm) (46% females, average age 46 years). Predicted normal and the LLN using GLI equations were significantly higher than those using Indian equations. The GLI race-neutral equations changed the category in 35.17% of males and 42.64% of females compared to Indian equations. The GLI mixed equations categorized a greater percentage of patients to have a mixed ventilatory pattern compared to the GLI race-neutral equations. There was a significant change in the grading of the severity of COPD using Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stages based on the percentage of predicted values of FEV1. Although GLI race-neutral equations have greater concordance with Indian equations than GLI Mixed equations, these substantially overdiagnose abnormal ventilatory patterns on spirometry in adult Indians in western India with chronic respiratory disease. A substantial number of patients with normal or obstructive patterns on spirometry are recategorized to have mixed or restrictive patterns. The use of GLI race-neutral equations increases the severity of airflow limitation in COPD patients. GLI race-neutral predictions for FEV1 result in substantially fewer patients demonstrating postbronchodilator responsiveness (PBDR).
Hemodialysis is a life-saving treatment for patients with kidney failure. However, patients requiring hemodialysis have a 10-20 times higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than that of the general population. Patients encounter complications such as episodic intradialytic hypotension, abnormal perfusion to critical organs (heart, brain, liver, and kidney), and damage to vulnerable vascular beds. Recurrent conventional hemodialysis exposes patients to multiple episodes of circulatory stress, exacerbating and being aggravated by microvascular endothelial dysfunction. This promulgates progressive injury that leads to irreversible multiorgan injury and the well-documented higher incidence of cardiovascular disease and premature death. This review aims to examine the underlying pathophysiology of hemodialysis-related vascular injury and consider a range of therapeutic approaches to improving outcomes set within this evolved rubric.‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬.
PURPOSE: Hearing loss occurs in 50%-70% of children treated with cisplatin. Scientific efforts have led to the recent approval of a pediatric formula of intravenous sodium thiosulfate (STS) for otoprotection by the US Food and Drug Administration, the European Medicines Agency, and the Medicines and Health Regulatory Authority in the United Kingdom. To inform stakeholders regarding the clinical utility of STS, the current review summarizes available literature on the efficacy, pharmacokinetics (PK), and safety of systemic STS to minimize cisplatin-induced hearing loss (CIHL).
DESIGN: A comprehensive narrative review is presented.
RESULTS: Thirty-one articles were summarized. Overall, systemic STS effectively reduces CIHL in the preclinical and controlled clinical study settings, in both adults and children with cancer. The extent of CIHL reduction depends on the timing and dosing of STS in relation to cisplatin. Both preclinical and clinical data suggest that systemic STS may affect plasma platinum levels, but studies are inconclusive. Delayed systemic administration of STS, at 6 hours after the cisplatin infusion, does not affect cisplatin-induced inhibition of tumor growth or cellular cytotoxicity in the preclinical setting, nor affect cisplatin efficacy and survival in children with localized disease in the clinical setting.
CONCLUSION: Systemic administration of STS effectively reduces the development and degree of CIHL in both the preclinical and clinical settings. More studies are needed on the PK of STS and cisplatin drug combinations, the efficacy and safety of STS in patients with disseminated disease, and the ability of STS to prevent further deterioration of pre-established hearing loss.