anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The Expectancy Challenge Alcohol Literacy Curriculum (ECALC) is a 50-minute interactive program, and the only non-experiential expectancy challenge that has been successful in significantly reducing alcohol use and harms among college students. In studies focused on mandated students, fraternity and sorority members, and first year college students, ECALC has produced larger effect sizes than experiential expectancy challenge and all widely used programs. ECALC outcome studies have thus far been limited to four weeks, but the design of ECALC suggests that effects might be sustained for much longer. The primary aim of the proposed project is to conduct an RCT designed to evaluate duration of ECALC effects over the course of 6 months, and to assess the impact of smart phone-delivered boosters on maintenance and enhancement of effects. Participants will be problematic drinking college students recruited from first time in college new students. Students will be randomly assigned to ECALC only, ECALC plus boosters, or assessment only control. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) will be used to track alcohol use and expectancies for one week at baseline, three weeks post-intervention, and one-week intervals at 3 and 6 months. It is hypothesized that students who complete ECALC will demonstrate immediate changes in alcohol expectancies, and subsequently, this will drive lower alcohol use and lower rates of alcohol-related problems (relative to the assessment only control students). It is also hypothesized that changes in expectancies and reduction in alcohol use may decay over time among students who do not receive boosters, while biweekly boosters will promote maintenance or enhancement of effects. This study allows for the examination of (1) duration of ECALC effects up to 6 months, and (2) the impact of biweekly boosters delivered via smart phones. In addition, use of EMA to collect real time data on expectancies and alcohol use over the course of 6 months will allow us to (3) map potential changes in expectancies in relation to alcohol use during this critical period of transition. If successful, this project will validate the use of ECALC as an efficient and effective program for reducing alcohol use and drinking-related harms.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: claimed group of inventions relates to medicine, in particular to therapy and immunology, and deals with treatment of vasculitis, induced by antineutrophilic cytoplasmatic antibodies (ANCA-associated vasculitis). For this purpose CD20-antibody is introduced in dose 400-1300 mg as monotherapy or in addition to therapy with steroids and immunosuppressants. CD20-antibody is introduced from one to three times during a month with further repeated introduction at stage of complete or partial remission. ^ EFFECT: mode of antibody introduction ensures efficient treatment and reduction of side effects due to reduction of dose or complete withdrawal of steroids and immunosuppressants. ^ 117 cl, 8 ex, 4 tbl, 12 dwg
A process for providing indicia and an elastic-like behavior to a web substrate is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of: providing a web substrate; printing indicia on the web substrate; and, providing the web substrate with a plurality of first regions and a plurality of second regions comprising the same material composition. A portion of the first regions extend in a first direction while the remainder of the first regions extend in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction to intersect one another. The first regions form a boundary completely surrounding the second regions. The second regions comprise a plurality of raised rib-like elements. The first regions undergo a molecular level and geometric deformation and the second regions initially undergo a substantially geometric deformation when the web material is subjected to an applied elongation along at least one axis.
Acute pain is a transient sensation that typically serves as part of the body's defense mechanism. However, in certain patients, acute pain can evolve into chronic pain, which persists for months or even longer. Neuroplasticity refers to the capacity for variation and adaptive alterations in the morphology and functionality of neurons and synapses, and it plays a significant role in the transmission and modulation of pain. In this paper, we explore the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying neuroplasticity during the transition of pain. We also examine the effects of neurotransmitters, inflammatory mediators, and central sensitization on neuroplasticity, as well as the potential of neuroplasticity as a therapeutic strategy for preventing chronic pain. The aims of this article is to clarify the role of neuroplasticity in the transformation from acute pain to chronic pain, with the hope of providing a novel theoretical basis for unraveling the pathogenesis of chronic pain and offering more effective strategies and approaches for its diagnosis and treatment.
This is a single arm study. All participants will be instructed to use the StrokeAlarm medical device for 1 month.
The gatekeeper training intervention group received the Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training (ASIST) 10.0 in addition to TAU. ASIST is a two-day (fourteen hour), intensive, interactive and practice-dominated course aimed at enabling people to recognize risk and learn how to intervene immediately to prevent suicide. The intervention was offered to students on a weekend and was conducted by three senior ASIST trainers and one junior trainer, with two trainers assigned to each training group.
Osteoporosis represents a systemic imbalance in bone metabolism, augmenting the susceptibility to fractures among patients and emerging as a notable mortality determinant in the elderly population. It has evolved into a worldwide concern impacting the physical well-being of the elderly, imposing a substantial burden on both human society and the economy. Presently, the precise pathogenesis of osteoporosis remains inadequately characterized and necessitates further exploration. The advancement of osteoporosis is typically linked to the initiation of an inflammatory response. Cells in an inflammatory environment can cause inflammatory death including pyroptosis. Pyroptosis is a recently identified form of programmed cell death with inflammatory properties, mediated by the caspase and gasdermin families. It is regarded as the most inflammatory form of cell death in contemporary medical research. Under the influence of diverse cytokines, macrophages, and other immune cells may undergo pyroptosis, releasing inflammatory factors, such as IL-1β and IL-18. Numerous lines of evidence highlight the pivotal role of pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, including cancer, intestinal disorders, hepatic conditions, and cutaneous ailments. Osteoporosis progression is frequently associated with inflammation; hence, pyroptosis may also play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis to a certain extent, making it a potential target for treatment. This paper has provided a comprehensive summary of pertinent research concerning pyroptosis and its impact on osteoporosis. The notion proposing that pyroptosis mediates osteoporosis via the inflammatory immune microenvironment is advanced, and we subsequently investigate potential targets for treating osteoporosis through the modulation of pyroptosis.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: present invention concerns medicine, specifically a powder delivery system containing a composition which contains a gelatinous or collagen powder with minimal average particle size 10 mcm. Usually, said gelatinous or collagen powder are presented in dry form, i.e. no liquid components and/or propellants are added to the composition. Besides the invention refers to the advanced powder delivery system which contains a protective structure, such as edge enclosure nearby a hole of the delivery system. The invention refers to the gelatine or collagen compositions used for haemostasis, and also to the powder delivery system including the ready-to-use gelatinous or collagen powder in the dry form. Additionally, the powder delivery system can contain a dry agent incompatible with humidity and/or water. ^ EFFECT: invention provides fast and more effective haemostasis. ^ 34 cl, 10 dwg, 8 ex
Atherothrombotic plaques of type 2 diabetic patients are characterized by increased neovascularization and associated intraplaque hemorrhage relative to non-diabetic patients that could account for a major incidence of clinical complications. In parallel, Type 2 diabetic patients are characterized by an increased intracellular oxidative stress in circulating PMNs leading to a primed phenotype. PMN priming could be triggered via their receptor for advanced glycation endproducts. In particular, glycated albumin may activate NADPH oxidase and thus promote the production of reactive oxygen species. Under strong activation, PMNs have been described to release NETs that are constituted by externalized nucleosomes associating DNA, histones and enzymes initially present in granules (such as myeloperoxidase, matrix metalloproteinase 9 or elastase). Our hypothesis is that in diabetic conditions, PMNs could be activated within atherothrombotic plaques and thus represent a trigger for plaque rupture. In the present study, we will evaluate PMN activation in carotid plaques of diabetic vs non-diabetic patients as well as in plasma samples of the same patients. For this purpose, all patients that will undergo carotid surgery by endarterectomy will be enrolled in our study and blood samples will be collected the day before the surgery for preparation of plasma and serum. The endarterectomy sample will be collected, dissected into culprit area of the plaque (CP) and the adjacent non-complicated plaque (NCP), incubated separately in culture medium for 24h at 37°C. The resulting conditioned medium will be aliquoted and stored at -80°C for the different assessments. A representative section of the CP will be saved at the moment of dissection for histological evaluation (presence of neovessels/intraplaque hemorrhage, calcifications, lipids, etc). Markers of neutrophil activation, of intraplaque hemorrhage, of glycation and of oxidative stress will be quantified in both conditioned medium and plasma.
Patients receive veliparib PO BID on days 1-7, paclitaxel IV over 60 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15, and carboplatin IV over 30 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 3 weeks for 2 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then continue on to concomitant chemoradiotherapy.
The present invention provides systems and methods for detecting ultrasound scan setting changes and generating a setting change record during an ultrasound examination. The method comprises the following steps: the ultrasound system acquires ultrasound image data during an ultrasound examination according to an ultrasound scan setting. The method comprises the following steps: at least one processor monitors the ultrasound scan settings during the ultrasound examination and detects altered ultrasound scan settings relative to the ultrasound scan settings during the ultrasound examination. The method comprises the following steps: the at least one processor records the modified ultrasound scan settings in a journal file associated with the ultrasound examination. The method comprises the following steps: the at least one processor records video clips of the ultrasound image data for a predetermined period of time before and after detecting the altered ultrasound scan setting. The video clip is associated with the ultrasound examination.
Polyanionic cpds. (I) can be used in the prepn. of medicaments for the therapy and prophylaxis of diseases caused by Myxo- and paramyxo- viruses. USE/ADVANTAGE - (I) can be used in the treatment of diseases caused by myxo- and paramyxo- viruses. The ED50 of (I) for antiviral activity is smaller than the ED50 for coagulation inhibiting activity, typically the ratio of the values is 1:10. (I) are effective against the following viruses: influenza virus of type A, B, C and D; measels virus; mumps virus; respiratory syncytial virus; parainfluenza virus type 1-7; Newcastle disease virus; cattle and swine pest virus, dog distemper virus
UNLABELLED: The purpose of this study is to investigate out-of-pocket non-medical expenses and employment-related outcomes in families of children with life-limiting conditions, specifically, to quantify the financial and employment implications of two events: a child's hospitalization and death. This cohort study used panel data collected prospectively for a larger study investigating the effectiveness of specialized pediatric palliative care. Participants were recruited by medical professionals between November 2019 and May 2022 at four Swiss children's hospitals. The care follow-up and bereavement follow-up assessments were 330 and 300 days, respectively. We measured out-of-pocket non-medical expenses, individual full-time equivalent units, and personal income, as well as sick leave and vacation days taken. Analyses included descriptive statistics and two-way linear fixed-effects regressions. The analysis included 110 parents (mothers n = 59, fathers n = 51) of 61 children. Children were hospitalized for a median of 7 days (interquartile range 0-21, range 0-227). The fixed-effects models found a positive association between hospitalization, i.e., length of stay, and travel and accommodation expenses (coefficient 4.18, 95% confidence interval 2.20-6.16). On average, for each week of hospitalization, parents spent an additional 29 Swiss francs on travel and accommodation. During the 300-day bereavement follow-up, six (26%) of 23 parents increased their work commitments, while one reported a decrease.
CONCLUSIONS: Families incur higher travel and accommodation expenses during hospitalization than during non-hospitalized periods. Instrumental support, e.g., parking vouchers, can help families minimize these costs. Future studies should investigate whether early return to work during bereavement is driven by economic considerations or a desire for distraction.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Data analyzed in this study were collected as part of a clinical trial, registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, No. NCT04236180, 15 March 2019 What Is Known: • Families of children with life-limiting conditions are at risk of substantial financial burden from high out-of-pocket medical expenses. • It is also known that parents often have to incur out-of-pocket non-medical expenses and reduce their work commitments. Little is known about the economic consequences of losing a child to a life-limiting condition.
WHAT IS NEW: • We provide new longitudinal evidence on the hospitalization- and death-related financial and employment implications for families of children with life-limiting conditions. • Child hospitalizations add to families' financial burden through increased travel and accommodation expenses. Work commitments rose during early bereavement.
Participants will be given access to a education and relaxation training app. After 8 weeks they will then be crossed over to the Zemedy app.
Retinal optical coherence tomography has been identified as biomarker for disease progression in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), while the dynamics of retinal atrophy in progressive MS are less clear. We investigated retinal layer thickness changes in RRMS, primary and secondary progressive MS (PPMS, SPMS), and their prognostic value for disease activity. Here, we analyzed 2651 OCT measurements of 195 RRMS, 87 SPMS, 125 PPMS patients, and 98 controls from five German MS centers after quality control. Peripapillary and macular retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL, mRNFL) thickness predicted future relapses in all MS and RRMS patients while mRNFL and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness predicted future MRI activity in RRMS (mRNFL, GCIPL) and PPMS (GCIPL). mRNFL thickness predicted future disability progression in PPMS. However, thickness change rates were subject to considerable amounts of measurement variability. In conclusion, retinal degeneration, most pronounced of pRNFL and GCIPL, occurs in all subtypes. Using the current state of technology, longitudinal assessments of retinal thickness may not be suitable on a single patient level.
No intervention will be made to the control group, standard hospital procedures will be applied and the relevant forms will be filled out. Until the mother is discharged from the hospital, the amount of milk obtained from the mother will be measured every 3 hours by the researcher.
Bi-allelic disruptive variants (nonsense, frameshift, and splicing variants) in KDM5B have been identified as causative for autosomal recessive intellectual developmental disorder type 65. In contrast, dominant variants, usually disruptive as well, have been more difficult to implicate in a specific phenotype, since some of them have been found in unaffected controls or relatives. Here, we describe individuals with likely pathogenic variants in KDM5B, including eight individuals with dominant missense variants. This study is a retrospective case series of 21 individuals with variants in KDM5B. We performed deep phenotyping and collected the clinical information and molecular data of these individuals' family members. We compared the phenotypes according to variant type and to those previously described in the literature. The most common features were developmental delay, impaired intellectual development, behavioral problems, autistic behaviors, sleep disorders, facial dysmorphism, and overgrowth. DD, ASD behaviors, and sleep disorders were more common in individuals with dominant disruptive KDM5B variants, while individuals with dominant missense variants presented more frequently with renal and skin anomalies. This study extends our understanding of the KDM5B-related neurodevelopmental disorder and suggests the pathogenicity of certain dominant KDM5B missense variants.
OBJECTIVES: Child malnutrition is a very serious health issue globally, particularly in emerging countries. Among South Asian countries, Pakistan has been observed to have a high prevalence of child malnutrition. In spite of the implementation of many health strategies and preventive measures for vulnerable populations, this issue is still unresolved and needs further investigation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of various social-, maternal-, and child-level factors considered to be responsible for nutritional health disparities among children.
METHODS: An assessment method of malnutrition, i.e., Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF), was used to detect the prevalence of malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in Pakistan in order to present a comprehensive view that was lacking conventional indices of malnutrition. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to assess the link between malnutrition and socioeconomic, maternal, and child attributes based on CIAF data compiled from weight-for-height, weight-for-age, and height-for-age Z-scores using data from the Pakistan Demographic Health Survey (2017-2018).
RESULTS: A total of 4224 children under 5 years of age were included in the analysis. Approximately half of the children (45.34%) comprised anthropometric failures for the overall prevalence of undernutrition based on CIAF. The results of this study revealed that the leading determinant associated with CIAF was the child's age in months, small birth size, lack of breastfeeding, lack of maternal education, poor economic status of the household, and poor-quality water sources. The factors associated with stunting comprised the child's age in months, small child birth size, underweight maternal body mass index, and uneducated mothers. Only one factor-low household economic profile-was significantly associated with waste. Sindh, Baluchistan, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces had a higher risk of having wasted children. On the other hand, children aged 25-36 months had higher, small child birth size, underweight maternal BMI, un-educated mother, un-educated father, low economic profile of household experiencing of being underweight.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study reinforce the significance of maternal health, parental education, and household economic profile in the prevention of malnutrition within young children of adequate birth size, as well as better overall health care up to adolescence in Pakistan. Well-nourished individuals are a valuable human resource and a requirement for a nation's progress and prosperity. In emerging nations such evidence-based policies are crucial for fostering children's optimal physical and mental development to ensure a healthier future generation. Therefore, the execution of national health policies aimed at the improvement of maternal and societal factors could result in improved nutrition levels among children below 5 years of age in Pakistan.
Participants will receive AC (free doxorubicin hydrochloride \[60 mg/m\^2\] and cyclophosphamide \[600 mg/m\^2\]), administered as IV infusion on Day 1 of each of 4 consecutive 21-day cycles. After 4 cycles of AC, the treatment will be changed to 4 consecutive 21-day cycles of TH (docetaxel \[100 mg/m\^2\] and trastuzumab \[8 or 6 mg/kg\]). For the first cycle, the loading dose of trastuzumab will be 8 mg/kg; 6 mg/kg will be used for the remaining cycles.
The efficacy of doxazosin was evaluated extensively in over 900 patients with BPH in double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Doxazosin treatment was superior to placebo in improving patient symptoms and urinary flow rate. Significant relief with doxazosin was seen as early as one week into the treatment regimen, with doxazosin-treated patients (N=173) showing a significant (p<0.01) increase in maximum flow rate of 0.8 mL/sec compared to a decrease of 0.5 mL/sec in the placebo group (N=41). In long-term studies, improvement was maintained for up to 2 years of treatment. In 66 to 71% of patients, improvements above baseline were seen in both symptoms and maximum urinary flow rate.

In three placebo-controlled studies of 14 to 16 weeks’ duration, obstructive symptoms (hesitation, intermittency, dribbling, weak urinary stream, incomplete emptying of the bladder) and irritative symptoms (nocturia, daytime frequency, urgency, burning) of BPH were evaluated at each visit by patient-assessed symptom questionnaires. The bothersomeness of symptoms was measured with a modified Boyarsky questionnaire. Symptom severity/frequency was assessed using a modified Boyarsky questionnaire or an AUA-based questionnaire. Uroflowmetric evaluations were performed at times of peak (2 to 6 hours post-dose) and/or trough (24 hours post-dose) plasma concentrations of doxazosin. 

The results from the three placebo-controlled studies (N=609) showing significant efficacy with 4 mg and 8 mg doxazosin are summarized in Table 3. In all three studies, doxazosin resulted in statistically significant relief of obstructive and irritative symptoms compared to placebo. Statistically significant improvements of 2.3 to 3.3 mL/sec in maximum flow rate were seen with doxazosin in Studies 1 and 2, compared to 0.1 to 0.7 mL/sec with placebo.

In one fixed-dose study (Study 2), doxazosin therapy (4 mg to 8 mg, once daily) resulted in a significant and sustained improvement in maximum urinary flow rate of 2.3 to 3.3 mL/sec (Table 3) compared to placebo (0.1 mL/sec). In this study, the only study in which weekly evaluations were made, significant improvement with doxazosin vs. placebo was seen after one week. The proportion of patients who responded with a maximum flow rate improvement of ≥3 mL/sec was significantly larger with doxazosin (34 to 42%) than placebo (13 to 17%). A significantly greater improvement was also seen in average flow rate with doxazosin (1.6 mL/sec) than with placebo (0.2 mL/sec). The onset and time course of symptom relief and increased urinary flow from Study 1 are illustrated in Figure 1. 

Figure 1 – Study 1