anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent multiple acquisition of medical data that are redundantly managed, in a system in which a plurality of medical facilities share the medical data.  <P>SOLUTION: A client terminal 10 generates catalog information indicating the location of medical data managed in an own medical facility, and transmits the catalog information to a medical data management server 60. The medical data management server 60, if a plurality of pieces of catalog information of medical data with same identification information are stored therein, adds priority order to the catalog information. Furthermore, the medical data management server 60, in response to an acquisition request, transmits catalog information to the client terminal 10. The client terminal 10, if a plurality of pieces of catalog information of medical data with identical identification information are received, and acquires medical data based on the catalog information and the added priority order.  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
BACKGROUND: Fat mass index (FMI) is a body composition indicator that reflects body fat content. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is widely performed in patients with obesity.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the value of the FMI in predicting weight loss effect and quality of life early after LSG.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: From January 2014 to July 2022, the clinical data and computed tomography (CT) images of patients who underwent LSG at a tertiary referral teaching hospital were analyzed. Body composition indicators were calculated using the SliceOmatic software. Achieving initial body mass index within 6 months postoperatively was defined as early eligible weight loss (EEWL). The relationship between body composition and EEWL was analyzed.
RESULTS: A total of 243 patients were included. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the predictive value of the FMI for EEWL in patients after LSG was higher than that of other indicators (all P < 0.05; area under the curve = 0.813). The best FMI cut-off point was 13.662. Accordingly, the patients were divided into the high-FMI group and low-FMI group. The %EWL and BMI of patients in the low-FMI group at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 months after surgery were better than those in the high-FMI group (all P < 0.001). Patients in the low-FMI group had higher BAROS (Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System) scores than those in the high-FMI group (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Compared with other body composition indicators, FMI can effectively predict the early effect of weight loss and quality of life after LSG.
Pergolide is an ergot dopamine receptor agonist with demonstrated efficacy in Parkinson's disease. Last year, two studies showed that pergolide can induce unexpected heart valve disease potentially severe and frequent. The late discovery of this unknown side effect had dramatic consequences in Parkinson's disease management and the French drug agency (AFFSAPS) has recently published guidelines for its prescription. Little is known about the prevalence and the molecular mechanisms leading to this adverse event. To determine the prevalence, evolution, and potential risk factors of pergolide-induced heart valve disease, we propose an echocardiographic observational study in parkinsonian patients taking pergolide compared to matched controls. This clinical study will be performed in the Clinical Investigation Centre in collaboration with the Institute of Cardiology of the Salpétrière Hospital
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To provide up to date information on postoperative delirium and neurocognitive disorders in surgical cancer patients.
RECENT FINDINGS: Established risk factors such as age, psychosocial factors, comorbidities, frailty and preexisting cognitive decline continue to exhibit associations with perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND); novel risk factors identified recently include microbiome composition and vitamin D deficiency. Prevention measures include cognitive prehabilitation, perioperative geriatric assessment and multidisciplinary care, dexmedetomidine and multimodal analgesic techniques. Studies investigating ciprofol, remimazolam, esketamine, ramelteon and suvorexant have shown encouraging results. Controversy remains regarding the use of inhalational versus intravenous general anesthesia. Innovative approaches to address PND are a rapidly developing area of research, but more studies are needed to identify effective prevention and management interventions. Despite challenges and controversy in the field, implementation of best practice can reduce the detrimental impact of PND on patients, caregivers, and society at large.
BACKGROUND: Exposure to household air pollution during pregnancy has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Improved stove was implemented in Ethiopia to reduce this exposure and related health problems. However, the effects of improved stove interventions on pregnancy outcomes remains uncertain.
METHOD: Individually randomized stove replacement trial was conducted among 422 households in six low-income rural kebeles of Northwestern Ethiopia. Pregnant women without known health conditions were recruited at ≤ 24 weeks gestation and randomized to an intervention or control group with a 1:1 ratio. A baseline survey was collected and a balance test was done. Two-sided independent samples t-test for continuous outcomes and chi-square for categorical variables were used to compare the effect of the intervention between the groups. Mean differences with 95% CIs were calculated and a p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULT: In this study, the mean birth weight was 3065 g (SD = 453) among the intervention group and not statistically different from 2995 g (SD = 541) of control group. After adjusting for covariates, infants born from intervention group weighed 55 g more [95% CI: - 43 to 170) than infants born from the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.274). The respective percentages for low birth weight were 8% and 10.3% for intervention and control groups respectively (P = 0.346). However, the average gestational age at delivery was higher among improved stove users (38 weeks (SD = 8.2) compared to control groups 36.5 weeks (SD = 9.6) with statistically significant difference at 0.91 weeks (95% CI: 0.52 to 1.30 weeks, p < 0.001). The corresponding difference in risk ratio for preterm birth is 0.94 (95% CI:0.92 to 0.97; p < 0.001). The percentages for maternal complications, stillbirth, and miscarriage in the intervention group were not statistically different from the control group.
CONCLUSIONS: While the increase in average birth weight among babies born to mothers using improved stoves was not statistically significant, babies had a longer gestational age on average, offering valuable health benefits. However, the study didn't find a significant impact on other pregnancy outcomes like stillbirth, miscarriage, or maternal complications.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered at the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry website under the code PACTR202111534227089, ( https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/ (Identifier). The first trial registration date was (11/11/2021).
Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterised by the deterioration of cartilage in the joints and pain. We hypothesise that semaphorin-3A (sema-3A), a chemorepellent for sensory nerves, plays a role in joint degradation and pain. We used the mechanical joint loading (MJL) model of OA to investigate sema-3A expression in the joint and examine its association with the development of OA and pain. We also analyse its effect on chondrocyte differentiation using the ATDC5 cell line. We demonstrate that sema-3A is present in most tissues in the healthy joint and its expression increases in highly innervated tissues, such as cruciate ligaments, synovial lining and subchondral bone, in loaded compared to nonloaded control joints. In contrast, sema-3A expression in cartilage was decreased in the severe OA induced by the application of high loads. There was a significant increase in circulating sema-3A, 6 weeks after MJL compared to the nonloaded mice. mRNA for sema-3A and its receptor Plexin A1 were upregulated in the dorsal root ganglia of mice submitted to MJL. These increases were supressed by zoledronate, an inhibitor of bone pain. Sema-3A was expressed at all stages of Chondrocyte maturation and, when added exogenously, stimulated expression of markers of chondrocyte differentiation. This indicates that sema-3A could affect joint tissues distinctively during the development of OA. In highly innervated joint tissues, sema-3A could control innervation and/or induce pain-associated neuronal changes. In cartilage, sema-3A could favour its degeneration by modifying chondrocyte differentiation.
Cognitive deficit is one of the challenging complications of type 2 diabetes. Sphingosine 1- phosphate receptors (S1PRs) have been implicated in various neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders. The association of S1PRs and cognition in type 2 diabetes remains elusive. Microglia-mediated neuronal damage could be the thread propagating cognitive deficit. The effects of S1PR2 inhibition on cognition in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were examined in this work. We further assessed microglial activation and putative microglial polarisation routes. Cognitive function loss was observed after four months of diabetes induction in Type 2 diabetes animal model. JTE013, an S1PR2 inhibitor, was used to assess neuroprotection against cognitive decline and neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo diabetes model. JTE013 (10 mg/kg) improved synaptic plasticity by upregulating psd95 and synaptophysin while reducing cognitive decline and neuroinflammation. It further enhanced anti-inflammatory microglia in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC), as evidenced by increased Arg-1, CD206, and YM-1 levels and decreased iNOS, CD16, and MHCII levels. TIGAR, TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator, might facilitate the anti-inflammatory microglial phenotype by promoting oxidative phosphorylation and decreasing apoptosis. However, since p53 is a TIGAR suppressor, inhibiting p53 could be beneficial. S1PR2 inhibition increased p-Akt and TIGAR levels and reduced the levels of p53 in the PFC and hippocampus of type 2 diabetic mice, thereby decreasing apoptosis. In vitro, palmitate was used to imitate sphingolipid dysregulation in BV2 cells, followed by conditioned media exposure to Neuro2A cells. JTE013 rescued the palmitate-induced neuronal apoptosis by promoting the anti-inflammatory microglia. In the present study, we demonstrate that the inhibition of S1PR2 improves cognitive function and skews microglia toward anti-inflammatory phenotype in type 2 diabetic mice, thereby promising to be a potential therapy for neuroinflammation.
A vesicular stomatitis virus-based EBV vaccine, a preparation method therefor, and a use thereof. For the first time, the key EBV glycoproteins gB and gHgL are displayed on the VSV surface, and the modified VSV is used for animal immunization. A new type of EBV vaccine is provided and is expected to induce bodies to generate sufficiently strong immune responses to prevent EBV from infecting host cells, thereby reducing the incidence of EBV-related tumor and non-tumor diseases. It is found that the modified VSV can produce significant specific antibodies against EBV surface glycoproteins gB and gHgL. Moreover, it is proved that the specific antibodies produced can inhibit EBV from infecting epithelial cells and B lymphocytes. It is also shown that a VSV-based EBV vaccine can be used for preventing EBV infections and related tumor and non-tumor diseases among people with good immune effects.
BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a multifactorial disease whose prevalence is increasing worldwide. CKD affects 700 million to 1 billion people worldwide, with a prevalence of 9.1% to 13.4%. In Iran, the reported prevalence of CKD is 15.14%, even higher than the global prevalence. Some studies introduced heavy metals as possible risk factors of CKD. We conducted the first study in Iran to examine the relationship between 10 selected urinary heavy metals and CKD in the Hovayzeh cohort study population.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, urine samples were collected from two groups of ca ses (suffering from CKD) and controls (without CKD) with equal size (47 people each). Analysis of the 10 sellected heavy metals in the samples was conducted using inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy. Basic Information was obtained from the Howayizeh Cohort Study Center. The data was analyzed using SPSS-26 and Excel-2016 software.
RESULTS: There were no significant differences between urinary heavy metal concentrations of case and control groups (P < 0.05). While, the concentration of As, Cr, Cu, Mn, and Ni exceeded the reference limits of Germany, Canada, England, and Belgium. Se and Cd also surpassed the reference limits of England. After adjusting for confounding variables for each μg/l increase in urinary Cd, Ni, Pb, and Se the OR of CKD increased by 20.2%, 4.8%, 3.1%, and 2.6%, respectively. Although, these relationships were not statistically significant. In addition, two groups of heavy metals had a positive and significant correlation: (1) Se, Zn, As, Cu, and Cr; (2) Pb, Cd, and As; and (3) Cd and Ni.
CONCLUSION: we found no significant relationship between urinary heavy metal and CKD. However, there was significant positive correlation in some of urinary heavy metals may indicate their shared resources. Furthermore, the concentration of most heavy metals in the urine of the participants was higher than the reference limits of these metals in the urine of healthy people from other countries. Thus, the elevated levels of these metals could still pose a risk to human health. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct prospective studies with a larger sample size in this area.
Glycolytic metabolic reprogramming in cancer is regulated by both cancer intrinsic variations like isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) status and non-cancerous microenvironment components like tumor associated macrophages (TAMs). However, the detailed mechanism remains elusive. Here, we identify hexosaminidase B (HEXB) as a key regulator for glycolysis in glioblastoma (GBM). HEXB intercellularly manipulates TAMs to promote glycolysis in GBM cells, while intrinsically enhancing cancer cell glycolysis. Mechanistically, HEXB elevation augments tumor HIF1α protein stability through activating ITGB1/ILK/YAP1; Subsequently, HIF1α promotes HEXB and multiple glycolytic gene transcription in GBM cells. Genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition of HEXB elicits substantial therapeutic effects in preclinical GBM models, while targeting HEXB doesn't induce significant reduction in IDH1 mutant glioma and inhibiting IDH1 mutation-derived 2-hydroxyglutaric acid (2-HG) significantly restores HEXB expression in glioma cells. Our work highlights a HEXB driven TAMs-associated glycolysis-promoting network in GBM and provides clues for developing more effective therapies against it.
Gastric irritation may be reduced if taken before, during, or immediately after meals or with food or milk.

The maximal activity of the adrenal cortex is between 2 am and 8 am, and it is minimal between 4 pm and midnight. Exogenous corticosteroids suppress adrenocorticoid activity the least when given at the time of maximal activity (am) for single dose administration. Therefore, it is recommended that prednisone be administered in the morning prior to 9 am and when large doses are given, administration of antacids between meals to help prevent peptic ulcers. Multiple dose therapy should be evenly distributed in evenly spaced intervals throughout the day.

Dietary salt restriction may be advisable in patients.

Do not stop taking this medicine without first talking to your doctor. Avoid abrupt withdraw of therapy.

The initial dosage of prednisone may vary from 5 mg to 60 mg per day, depending on the specific disease entity being treated. In situations of less severity lower doses will generally suffice, while in selected patients higher initial doses may be required. The initial dosage should be maintained or adjusted until a satisfactory response is noted. If after a reasonable period of time there is a lack of satisfactory clinical response, prednisone should be discontinued and the patient transferred to other appropriate therapy. IT SHOULD BE EMPHASIZED THAT DOSAGE REQUIREMENTS ARE VARIABLE AND MUST BE INDIVIDUALIZED ON THE BASIS OF THE DISEASE UNDER TREATMENT AND THE RESPONSE OF THE PATIENT. After a favorable response is noted, the proper maintenance dosage should be determined by decreasing the initial drug dosage in small increments at appropriate time intervals until the lowest dosage which will maintain an adequate clinical response is reached. It should be kept in mind that constant monitoring is needed in regard to drug dosage. Included in the situations which may make dosage adjustments necessary are changes in clinical status secondary to remissions or exacerbations in the disease process, the patient’s individual drug responsiveness, and the effect of patient exposure to stressful situations not directly related to the disease entity under treatment; in this latter situation, it may be necessary to increase the dosage of prednisone for a period of time consistent with the patient’s condition. If after long-term therapy the drug is to be stopped, it is recommended that it be withdrawn gradually rather than abruptly.
Patients who were to undergo lavender aromatherapy with an oxygen mask after the birth of the baby were randomly divided into two groups: aromatherapy (A) (n=48) and control (C) (n=48), who inhaled odorless essential oil. Participants were admitted to the preoperative preparation room 20 min before the operation, and their age, height, weight, and ASA risk scores were recorded after their informed consent was obtained. They were monitored and sent to the operating room after their baseline anxiety levels were measured and recorded using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I). Following local sterilization with the patient in the sitting position, the lumbar (L) region was punctured at the L3-L4 level or the L4-L5 level with a 25-G, 90 mm pencil-point spinal atraumatic needle. After visualization of the cerebral spinal fluid flow, 10 mg of 0.5% bupivacaine (Marcaine® Spinal Heavy 0.5% ampule, AstraZeneca, UK) was administered for spinal anesthesia. Then, after the birth of the baby, two drops of 100% pure medical lavender oil (Lavandula angustifolia) and two drops of odorless baby oil (jojoba and almond oil) was inhaled for 5 min through an oxygen mask by groups A and C, respectively. After 5 min, 2 mg intravenous midazolam for sedation was administred to the patients who gained 1 point from the Ramsey Sedation Scale (RSS). Complications, such as nausea, vomiting, hypotension (mean arterial pressure\<60 mmHg), and allergies that developed after aromatherapy, were recorded. At the end of the operation, the dose added to the initial midazolam dose for all patients and the total surgical time were recorded. VAS pain and STAI-I scores were re-evaluated at the third postoperative hour, and the satisfaction levels of each patient after aromatherapy were recorded according to the Likert scale as "very satisfied, satisfied, moderate, and not at all satisfied".
For the multiple ascending dose (MAD) portion of the study, asthma subjects received subcutaneous(sc.) injection of TQC2731(70mg、210mg、280mg) .
The present invention relates to diindolylmethane which is characterized in that the molecular formula of the diindolylmethane is C17 H10 N2 X2 Y2; in the molecular formula, X is H, Br and Cl, and Y is H, Br and Cl. In preparation, indole or indole derivatives and N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide are taken as raw materials, and alcohol is taken as a solvent to react under the catalysis of a catalyst of acid to generate the diindolylmethane. The molar ratio of the reactants in the reaction is 1: 0.2 to 2, the reaction temperature is from 10 DEG C to 80 DEG C, and the reaction time is from 6 hr to 240 hr. The diindolylmethane is synthesized according to the method of the present invention, which avoids using formaldehyde and expensive catalyst; the diindolylmethane takes N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide as the raw material, takes acetic acid, etc. as a catalyst, and takes alcohol, etc. as a solvent; the present invention has the advantages of low pollution, easy purification of generated products, low cost and high yield and has bigger development superiority.
ZOVIRAX is the brand name for acyclovir, a synthetic nucleoside analogue active against herpesviruses. ZOVIRAX Cream 5% is a formulation for topical administration. Each gram of ZOVIRAX Cream 5% contains 50 mg of acyclovir and the following inactive ingredients: cetostearyl alcohol, mineral oil, poloxamer 407, propylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulfate, water, and white petrolatum.

Acyclovir is a white, crystalline powder with the molecular formula C8H11N5O3  and a molecular weight of 225. The maximum solubility in water at 37°C is 2.5 mg/mL. The pKa’s of acyclovir are 2.27 and 9.25. 

The chemical name of acyclovir is 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6H-purin-6-one; it has the following structural formula:
CAVA 2 is a single arm study testing a diagnostic device to diagnose different inner-ear conditions appraised by calculating values for sensitivity and specificity. Head and eye movements recorded by the CAVA device will enable the computer algorithms (to be developed) to differentiate between the three target conditions.
Administer KALYDECO tablets or oral granules with fat-containing food. Examples include eggs, butter, peanut butter, cheese pizza, whole-milk dairy products (such as whole milk, cheese, yogurt, breast milk, or infant formula), etc. [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

Instruction for Administration of Tablets

Swallow tablets whole.

Instruction for Administration of Oral Granules

Administer each dose of KALYDECO oral granules immediately before or after ingestion of fat-containing food. Mix the entire contents of each packet of oral granules with one teaspoon (5 mL) of age-appropriate soft food or liquid that is at or below room temperature. Some examples of soft foods or liquids may include puréed fruits or vegetables, yogurt, applesauce, water, breast milk, infant formula, milk, or juice. Food or liquid should be at or below room temperature. Once mixed, the product should be completely consumed within one hour.