anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
OBJECTIVE: Increasing numbers of Canadians living with complex, life-limiting conditions demand high-quality palliative care. Timely access to palliative care can help to reduce stress, improve quality of life, and provide relief for patients and their families. The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences of family physicians (FPs) regarding the decision and process of introducing palliative care to patients with chronic diseases.
METHODS: Interpretive description methodology was used to guide the investigation of the research question. Thirteen Calgary Zone FPs participated in individual interviews. Data was collected iteratively and analyzed using constant comparative analysis.
RESULTS: Analysis of interviews identified the overarching themes of dignity and empowerment, which describe the experience of FPs introducing palliative care to chronically ill patients. Four subthemes were woven throughout, including the art of conversation, therapeutic relationships, timing, and preparation of the patient and family.
DISCUSSION: While the benefits of palliative conversations are widely accepted, a deeper understanding of how FPs can be supported in developing this aspect of their practice is needed. Understanding their experience provides knowledge that can serve as a framework for future education, mentorship, and competency development.
Over the last several decades, a growing group of environmental and medical historians have argued that engagement with the materiality of disease is critical to eroding the false boundaries between environment and health, and especially to the historical study of major epidemics and pandemics. This article evaluates the ways in which environmental and medical historians have engaged materiality when thinking through questions of infectious disease. It argues that far from eschewing cultural constructions of disease and analysis of medical systems, these works demonstrate that engagement with materiality in the study of disease articulates the stakes of medical regimes and practices of healing, and renders legible the multiple scales at which epidemics occur. Addressing key controversies in the use of sources, it provides examples of works that incorporate material objects, biological ideas and actors, and non-humans without falling prey to the extremes of "biological determinism" or "constructivism." It argues that commonalities in the methods employed by these works - utilization of scientific frameworks and data, multispecies analysis, attention to scale, and spatial thinking - reveal unseen and untold aspects of past pandemics. It concludes with a brief example of how these frameworks come together in practice through a case study on the history of enteric fever in Dublin, Ireland.
Tissue transglutaminase-2 (TG2) is involved in Ca ++ -dependent aggregation and polymerization of proteins. TG2 is upregulated in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells as compared to normal ovarian epithelium. TG2 is also highly expressed in ovarian tumors and secreted in malignant ascites, but it is not detected in non-transformed ovarian epithelium. Furthermore, TG2 enhances EOC cell adhesion to fibronectin and haptotactic cell migration. This phenotype is preserved in-vivo, where the pattern of tumor dissemination in the peritoneal space is dependent on TG2 expression levels. TG2 knock down diminishes dissemination of tumors on the peritoneal surface and mesentery in an i.p. ovarian xenograft model. This phenotype is due to deficient β1 integrin-fibronectin interaction, leading to weaker anchorage of cancer cells to the peritoneal matrix. Highly expressed in ovarian tumors, TG2 facilitates intra-peritoneal tumor dissemination, by enhancing cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix and modulating β1 integrin subunit expression. Accordingly, high levels of TGL activity is implicate in the dissemination ovarian cancer cells. Methods for diagnosing and monitoring ovarian cancers include assessing the level of TG2 and activity. Materials and methods for detecting, preventing and/or treating peritoneal metastasis of ovarian cancers including measuring the level and or activity of TG2 and/or administering compounds that regulate the level and/or activity of TG2.
Pharmacokinetics of mitoxantrone in patients following a single intravenous administration of mitoxantrone can be characterized by a three-compartment model. The mean alpha half-life of mitoxantrone is 6 to 12 minutes, the mean beta half-life is 1.1 to 3.1 hours and the mean gamma (terminal or elimination) half-life is 23 to 215 hours (median approximately 75 hours). Pharmacokinetic studies have not been performed in humans receiving multiple daily dosing. Distribution to tissues is extensive: steady-state volume of distribution exceeds 1,000 L/m 2. Tissue concentrations of mitoxantrone appear to exceed those in the blood during the terminal elimination phase. In the healthy monkey, distribution to brain, spinal cord, eye, and spinal fluid is low. 

In patients administered 15 to 90 mg/m 2 of mitoxantrone intravenously, there is a linear relationship between dose and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC). 

Mitoxantrone is 78% bound to plasma proteins in the observed concentration range of 26 to 455 ng/mL. This binding is independent of concentration and is not affected by the presence of phenytoin, doxorubicin, methotrexate, prednisone, prednisolone, heparin, or aspirin.
The invention discloses cleansing powder prepared by pure natural Chinese herbal medicines and a preparation method thereof. The cleansing powder is simply prepared by pure natural Chinese herbal medicines and can solve various problems and skin problems caused by inappropriate use of cosmetics. The cleansing powder comprises the components as follows: ligusticum, saponins, mung bean, radices trichosanthis, Bletilla, radix angelicae, radix ampelopsis, silkworm larva, rhizoma typhonii, rhizoma nardostachyos, rhizoma kaempferiae, hierochloe odorata and radices sileris. The preparation method is simple and comprises the following steps of: crushing all traditional Chinese medicines weighed by weight into powder; and adequately mixing, and uniformly allocating to prepare powder. The cleansing powder has the effects of effectively removing dirt in skins, dispelling white heads, blackheads and acnes, shrinking pores, refreshing and dispelling various spots, cleansing skins and whitening and smoothing skins. The cleansing powder has the advantages of no toxic or side effects, and simpleness and convenience in manufacture; and the traditional Chinese medicines selected are easy to obtain, low in cost, and suitable for wide common patients. The cleansing powder is simple and convenient to use, and can be matched with other cosmetics such as mildy wash.
Although nerve transfers can reduce the length of axonal growth required, failures still occur and revisions are rarely an option due to the aforementioned delays in detection. Current neurodiagnostics \[e.g., electromyography (EMG), nerve conduction studies (NCS)\] are of limited utility in severely damaged nerves, providing an incomplete picture of nerve microstructural features until target reinnervation occurs. Thus, physicians are limited to a "wait and watch" approach based on qualitative measures obtained from patient history and/or physical exam. This leads to a suboptimal management of peripheral nerve injuries, which in turn can lead to increased instances of irreversible muscle atrophy, paralysis, and/or formation of painful traumatic neuroma.

In terms of the military, extremity injuries accounted for 54% of combat wounds in Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom and recent review of service member injuries during Operation Enduring Freedom noted significant increases in brachial plexus, ulnar, and radial nerve injuries attributable to modern warfare. In addition, symptomatic neuroma occurs in 13% to 32% of amputees, causing pain and limiting or preventing the use of prosthetic devices. Take the example of a wounded warrior with a shrapnel injury to his/her elbow, resulting in the loss of an ulnar nerve segment. Even if nerve grafting is performed, true recovery (motor and/or sensory innervation of the hand) could take up to a year under typical circumstances. If the repair fails, which occurs in up to 40% of patients the failure is typically not truly recognized until that year expires using current management protocols. By that time, revisional surgery is typically not a viable option due to the aforementioned onset of irreversible muscle atrophy. In additional to an inability to effectively monitor nerve recovery after repair, diagnosis of peripheral nerve injuries is difficult using the currently available methods. For example, neurotmesis is a common, but difficult to distinguish, diagnosis following traumatic or iatrogenic extremity injury. Current electrodiagnostic and clinical examinations are invasive, time consuming, and painful. In addition, they cannot perfectly discriminate a severe axonotmetic laceration from a self-resolving neurapraxic injury in the acute setting. This is particularly important in penetrating injuries, or after iatrogenic nerve injuries resulting from nerve blocks, or from intraoperative positioning or external compression, because the degree of axonal injury is unknown.
A new synthetic polypeptide has the formula LH-RH-KLH. LH-RH = luteinising hormone releasing hormone. KLH = keyhole limpet haemocyanin. Only the synthetic hormone provokes a specific immune reaction, with specific antibodies, to human LH-RH, thus antagonising the biological action of LH-RH. Conjugates of LH-RH with other naturally occurring haemocyanins (e.g. limulus haemocyanin) with the same effect, are also claimed. USE/ADVANTAGE - The antibody inhibits the action of LH-RH on the hypophysis, arresting hormone release and therefore preventing gonadotropic secretion, resulting in reduced hormone (e.g.  oestrogen or testosterone) synthesis. The synthetic polypeptide is therefore useful in the therapy of receptor-positive breast and prostrate tumours and is cheaper than known alternatives, as it is easy to synthesise.
AIM: To compare the effects of different exercise preconditioning in the context of skeletal muscle atrophy and to investigate the potential involvement of Sestrin2 (SESN2), a stress-inducible protein that can be regulated by exercise, in exercise preconditioning on preventing disuse muscle atrophy.
METHODS: Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to sedentary groups (SD), aerobic exercise groups (AE), resistance exercise groups (RE), and combined exercise groups (CE) with or without 7 days of immobilization. The duration of the exercise intervention was 10 weeks. The effects of different exercise preconditioning to prevent muscle atrophy were analyzed by evaluating skeletal muscle function and mass. Additionally, to investigate the potential underlying mechanism of exercise-induced protection of skeletal muscle, wild-type and SESN2--/-- mice were randomly divided into sedentary group and resistance exercise preconditioning group. C2C12 cells were treated with SESN2 adenoviruses and MK2206 (an AKT inhibitor) for 48 h to elucidate the underlined mechanism.
RESULTS: RE was more effective in preserving skeletal muscle function, muscle mass and maintaining skeletal muscle protein homeostasis than AE and CE under immobilized condition. Importantly, exercise performance, muscle mass to body weight ratio, and the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers were significantly lower in SESN2-/- mice than wild-type mice after resistance exercise preconditioning. Mechanistically, the absence of SESN2 led to activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and induction of apoptosis. In vitro experiments showed that MK2206 treatment mitigated the regulatory effects of overexpression-SESN2 on protein hydrolysis and apoptosis.
CONCLUSION: RE was more effective than AE or CE in preventing disuse muscle atrophy. SESN2 mediated the protective effects of resistance exercise preconditioning on skeletal muscle atrophy.
After enrolment into the study and randomization to the study group (V0) and baseline examinations (V1), patients will receive 1 drop of Lacrimera at the study site and will be instructed to apply one drop of C-NAC into both eyes before bedtime for the following 5 consecutive days and return for a follow-up visit after 7±1 days (V2). Patients will complete a diary describing symptoms during the day, use of Lacrimera and potential side effects until the next visit. If the NEI grading is ≤1 OR the OSDI score \<20 at the next visit, treatment with Lacrimera will be discontinued and one further physical follow-up appointment will be arranged, which will take place 28±2 days after the last physical visit.
The invention discloses a preparation method of ternate buttercup root total glycosides extract by application of macroporous resins and purposes thereof, wherein, 6 times to 15 times of ethanol with the volume percentage concentration of 10 percent to 80 percent are added into comminuted ternate buttercup root or decoction pieces of ternate buttercup root, and then heated under reflux, extracted and filtered. Extracting solutions are integrated and ethanol is retrieved by decompression. The extracting solution passes through a chromatographic column filled with the macroporous resins, water is used for cleaning the resins and water eluent is discarded; ethanol containing water, with the volume percentage concentration of 20 percent to 95 percent, is used for elution with the flow velocity of 2 BV/h-4BV/h. Ethanol eluent is decompressed and concentrated to one with the relative density of 1.1 to 1.25, and ternate buttercup root total glycosides is obtained after decompression and spray drying. The ternate buttercup root total glycosides extract with the content of ternate buttercup root total glycosides of not less than 20 percent and the content of ternate buttercup root glycoside of not less than 1.0 percent of the weight is used for the treatment of tuberculosis. The macroporous resins have large adsorption quantity for the ternate buttercup root total glycosides and are completely desorbed so that the content of the total glycosides is high. Therefore, the extraction percentage of the ternate buttercup root total glycosides can be greatly increased and production costs can be reduced.
FIELD: medicine, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a composition containing trans-5-chloro-2-methyl-2,3,3a, 12b- -tetrahydro-1H-dibenzo[2,3;6,7]oxepino[4,3-c]pyrrole or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt and pharmaceutically acceptable additions that can be used in sublingual or transbuccal forms. The composition can contain additionally a pharmaceutically acceptable water-soluble or water- dispersible carrier, in part, partially hydrolyzed gelatin. Invention claims the use of the indicated compound for preparing the sublingual or transbuccal pharmaceutical composition. Invention can be used for treatment of patients with different mental disorders. The claimed composition has no adverse cardiotoxic effects - postural hypertension and/or disorders in baroreceptor function. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of the composition, decreased cardiovascular adverse effects. 4 cl, 1 tbl, 8 ex
The treatment of HCV and its sequelae are used to be predominantly based on Interferon (IFN). However, this was associated with significant adverse events as a result of its immunostimulant capabilities. Since their introduction, the directly acting antiviral drugs (DAAs), have become the standard of care to treat of HCV and its complications including mixed cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (MCV). In spite of achieving sustained viral response (SVR), there appeared many reports describing unwelcome complications such as hepatocellular and hematological malignancies as well as relapses. Prolonged inflammation induced by a multitude of factors, can lead to DNA damage and affects BAFF and APRIL, which serve as markers of B-cell proliferation. We compared, head-to-head, three antiviral protocols for HCV-MCV treatment As regards the treatment response and relapse, levels of BAFF and APRIL among pegylated interferon α-based and free regimens (Sofosbuvir + Ribavirin; SOF-RIBA, Sofosbuvir + Daclatasvir; SOF-DACLA). Regarding clinical response HCV-MCV and SVR; no significant differences could be identified among the 3 different treatment protocols, and this was also independent form using IFN. We found no significant differences between IFN-based and free regimens DNA damage, markers of DNA repair, or levels of BAFF and APRIL. However, individualized drug-to-drug comparisons showed many differences. Those who were treated with IFN-based protocol showed decreased levels of DNA damage, while the other two IFN-free groups showed increased DNA damage, being the worst in SOF-DACLA group. There were increased levels of BAFF through follow-up periods in the 3 protocols being the best in SOF-DACLA group (decreased at 24 weeks). In SOF-RIBA, CGs relapsed significantly during the follow-up period. None of our patients who were treated with IFN-based protocol had significant clinico-laboratory relapse. Those who received IFN-free DAAs showed a statistically significant relapse of constitutional manifestations. Our findings suggest that IFN-based protocols are effective in treating HCV-MCV similar to IFN-free protocols. They showed lower levels of DNA damage and repair. We believe that our findings may offer an explanation for the process of lymphoproliferation, occurrence of malignancies, and relapses by shedding light on such possible mechanisms.
The adolescent HIV/STI risk-reduction intervention aims to: (a) increase knowledge of HIV risk and prevention; (b) strengthen behavioral beliefs regarding abstinence and safer sex; (c) increase self-efficacy and intentions to avoid unsafe sex; and (d) increase sexual communication and refusal skills. The mother component includes much of the same prevention knowledge and addresses parent-teen sexual risk communication, monitoring, and sexual role modeling. Interventions are held on two consecutive Saturdays for 6 hours each day. Mothers' groups meet separately from daughters' groups, although the groups will come together for the last module of each day.
Place the adhesive side of estradiol transdermal system on a clean, dry area of the trunk of the body (including the abdomen or buttocks). Do not apply estradiol transdermal system to the breasts.

Replace estradiol transdermal system twice weekly. Rotate the sites of application, with an interval of at least 1 week allowed between applications to a particular site. Select an area that is not oily, damaged, or irritated. Avoid the waistline, since tight clothing may rub the system off. Apply the system immediately after opening the pouch and removing the protective liner. Press the system firmly in place with the palm of the hand for about 10 seconds, making sure there is good contact, especially around the edges.  


In the event that a system falls off, reapply the same system or apply a new system to another location. In either case, continue the original treatment schedule. If a woman has forgotten to apply estradiol transdermal system, have her apply a new system as soon as possible. Apply the new system on the original treatment schedule. The interruption of treatment in women taking estradiol transdermal system might increase the likelihood of breakthrough bleeding, spotting and recurrence of symptoms.
PURPOSE: A pharmaceutical composition containing histamine for treating vitiligo is provided to promote melanocytes and to effectively treat vitiligo. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for treating vitiligo contains 0.01-10 mM of histamine as an active ingredient. The composition promotes proliferation and migration of melanocytes. The composition additionally contains an agonist of H2 histamine receptor. The agonist is amthamine, betazole, dimaprit, or impromidine. The histamine is isolated from bee venom.
OBJECTIVE: Mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) is an important method for perioperative prevention and treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). Modifying mitochondrial proteins after protein translation to regulate mitochondrial function is one of the mechanisms for improving myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. This study investigated the relationship between shallow hypothermia treatment improving myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and the O-GlcNAcylation level of COX10.
METHODS: We used in vivo Langendorff model and in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) cell model to investigate the effects of MTH on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Histological changes, myocardial enzymes, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial structure/function were assessed. Mechanistic studies involved various molecular biology methods such as ELISA, immunoprecipitation (IP), WB, and immunofluorescence.
RESULTS: Our research results indicate that MTH upregulates the O-GlcNACylation level of COX10, improves mitochondrial function, and inhibits the expression of ROS to improve myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. In vivo, MTH effectively alleviates ischemia-reperfusion induced cardiac dysfunction, myocardial injury, mitochondrial damage, and redox imbalance. In vitro, the OGT inhibitor ALX inhibits the OGT mediated O-GlcNA acylation signaling pathway, downregulates the O-Glc acylation level of COX10, promotes ROS release, and counteracts the protective effect of MTH. On the contrary, the OGA inhibitor ThG showed opposite effects to ALX, further confirming that MTH activated the OGT mediated O-GlcNAcylation signaling pathway to exert cardioprotective effects.
CONCLUSIONS: In summary, MTH activates OGT mediated O-glycosylation modified COX10 to regulate mitochondrial function and improve myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, which provides important theoretical basis for the clinical application of MTH.
Lean subjects (BMI\<25) with a waist circumference of \<94 cm for men and\<80 cm for women. Subjects will be randomly assigned to eat butter, cheese, whipped cream and sour cream in a cross-over design.
Hepatic or Renal Disease

Insufficient information exists to make recommendations regarding the use of fentanyl transdermal system in patients with impaired renal or hepatic function. Fentanyl is metabolized primarily via human cytochrome P450 3A4 isoenzyme system and mostly eliminated in urine. If the drug is used in these patients, it should be used with caution because of the hepatic metabolism and renal excretion of fentanyl.

Pediatric Use

In 1.5 to 5 year old, non-opioid-tolerant pediatric patients, the fentanyl plasma concentrations were approximately twice as high as that of adult patients. In older pediatric patients, the pharmacokinetic parameters were similar to that of adults. However, these findings have been taken into consideration in determining the dosing recommendations for opioid-tolerant pediatric patients (2 years of age and older). For pediatric dosing information, refer to DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION section.