anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
The formation of insoluble extracellular deposits consisting of misfolded, aggregated protein is the hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative disease in the eye associated with extracellur deposits named drusen. Recent evidence suggests that drusen formation and AMD share some similarities with another neurodegenerative disease named Alzheimer's disease (AD) which is associated with amyloid deposits. AMD and AD are strongly correlated with advancing age and the formation of amyloid deposits. In addition, inflammatory mediators and in particular activated microglia are present in amyloid deposits as well as in drusen, suggesting a possible common role for the inflammatory pathway in AMD and amyloid diseases. Moreover, Ambati et al described a new model of AMD in transgenic mice when an absence of normally functioning macrophages led to the development of clinical AMD.

Michal Schwartz and her group have recently shown that aggregated b-amyloid (Ab) induces microglia to become cytotoxic and block neurogenesis from adult rodent neural progenitor cells (NPCs). IL-4, reversed the impediment, attenuated TNF-a production and overcame blockage of insulin like growth factor (IGF)-I production caused by Ab. The significance of microglia for in-vivo neural cell renewal was demonstrated by enhanced neurogenesis in the rat dentate gyrus after injection of IL-4-activated microglia intracerebroventricularly and by the presence of IGF-I-expressing microglia in the dentate gyrus of rats kept in an enriched environment or in the animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Using double-transgenic mice expressing mutant human genes encoding presenilin 1 and chimeric mouse/human amyloid precursor protein (mice Alzheimer's disease model), the group of Michal Schwartz showed that modulation of microglia into dendritic-like cells, achieved by a T cell-based vaccination with Copolymer-1 (Copaxone), resulted in reduction of cognitive decline, elimination of plaque formation, and induction of neuronal survival and neurogenesis. These results introduce a new microglia phenotype as necessary players in fighting off neurodegenerative conditions such as AD and AMD.
PURPOSE:To obtain a substrate excellent in alkali resistance and suitable for use in forming into a powder a liq. substance in the fields of foods, pharmaceuticals, etc., by drying an aq. soln. of reduced hydrolyzate of starch with a drum dryer to form a powder thereof. CONSTITUTION:A variety of starch such as natural starch, e.g. wheat starch or white potato starch, or modified starch, e.g. etherified starch or oxidized starch, is hydrolyzed by acid hydrolysis, alkali hydrolysis, or the like. The resulting hydrolyzate is reduced by hydrogenation in the presence of a catalyst such as Raney nickel, or the like. The resulting reduced hydrolyzate of starch is dried with a drum dryer. The resulting dry powder is used as a substrate for use in forming a liq. substance into a powder. This substrate is as good in oil absorption performance as conventional one and little liable to browning even in contact with an alkaline substance or at high temps. because the no. of the reducing groups of the substrate is decreased.
Cases of intoxication have been reported with some formulations of docetaxel due to the alcohol content. The alcohol content in a dose of docetaxel injection may affect the central nervous system and should be taken into account for patients in whom alcohol intake should be avoided or minimized. Consideration should be given to the alcohol content in docetaxel injection on the ability to drive or use machines immediately after the infusion. Each administration of docetaxel injection at 100 mg/m2 delivers 1.8 g/m2 of ethanol. For a patient with a BSA of 2.0 m2, this would deliver 3.6 grams of ethanol [see Description (11)]. Other docetaxel products may have a different amount of alcohol.
Carcinogenicity studies have not been conducted with arsenic trioxide [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].

Arsenic trioxide and trivalent arsenite salts have not been demonstrated to be mutagenic to bacteria, yeast, or mammalian cells. Arsenite salts are clastogenic in vitro (human fibroblast, human lymphocytes, Chinese hamster ovary cells, Chinese hamster V79 lung cells). Trivalent arsenic was genotoxic in the chromosome aberrations assay and micronucleus bone marrow assay in mice.

The effect of arsenic on fertility has not been adequately studied in humans. Decreased testicular weight and impaired spermatogenesis have been reported in animal studies. Male Wistar rat pups were administered 1.5 mg/kg sodium arsenite solution via the intraperitoneal route from postnatal days 1 to 14 and testes were collected for evaluation on postnatal days 15, 21, and 50. Results of this study revealed an altered morphology of the seminiferous tubules along with degeneration of spermatogenic cells, increased number of sperm with abnormal morphology, and decreased sperm counts. In beagle dogs administered intravenous arsenic trioxide for 90 days, reduced inner cell layers within seminiferous tubules and significantly decreased numbers of spermatocytes, spermatozoa, and sperm cells were observed at doses of 1 mg/kg/day and higher. The 1 mg/kg/day dose is approximately 3 times the recommended human daily dose on a mg/m² basis.
Subjects will receive GSK3186899, orally, twice daily (BID) on Days 1 to 10. Subjects will receive each dose after either fed or fasted conditions. Part B will be initiated based on the review of all safety, tolerability and PK data from Part A.
PURPOSE:To obtain the subject disposable carrying package having easy and convenient handleability by impregnating an antisuntan oil, etc., in a nonwoven fabric, etc., and sealing the fabric in a compact-sized tubular outer packaging material having a notch for ready opening. CONSTITUTION:A liquid cosmetic 3 such as antisuntan oil is impregnated in a nonwoven fabric or sponge 2 to be packaged and the fabric, etc., is put into a tubular outer packaging material 1 having a compact size holdable in the palm or smaller. The outer packaging material 1 is completely sealed and then notched for the ready opening of the package. The leakage and oxidation, etc., of the oil can be prevented by the completely sealed state of the subject disposable carrying package 4 containing antisuntan oil, etc. A necessary amount of oil can be carried without taking care of its holding space owing to its compact size. Since the package is easily openable 5, the antisuntan oil, etc., can be applied to the skin without staining the hand. The attention to the staining of outer surface is not necessary and the used package can easily be disposed because the package is disposable.
All antihypertensive agents were withdrawn before the start of a 4-6 week, single-blind, after which the patients received candesartan 10 mg or 20 mg once daily as monotherapy in a single-blind fashion. The doses were doubled after 1 weeks if DBP was ≥90 mmHg.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize and systematically analyze the efficacy of laser acupuncture (LA) interventions in reducing pain scores in patients suffering from chronic low back pain (LBP).
METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were searched for randomized controlled trials, published in peer-reviewed journals, and reporting LA interventions in patients with chronic LBP. All included studies had a comparison group of patients, receiving placebo treatment, sham intervention, conventional therapy, or no treatment. The outcome of interest was the pain intensity score. Pooled effect estimates were calculated using random-effects models and reported as weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
RESULTS: A total of 20 studies were included. Compared to the control group, patients who underwent LA experienced a significant reduction in reported pain scores immediately after completing the treatment (WMD -1.14, 95% CI: -1.68 to -0.61). High dose of LA was associated with a more significant decrease in the pain scores (WMD -1.40, 95% CI: -1.94 to -0.85; N = 15, I2 = 81.0%). However, reported pain scores of patients who received LA were statistically similar to those of the control group at short-term (4-8 weeks after the treatment) and long-term (12 months) follow-ups.
CONCLUSIONS: In patients with chronic LBP, LA may help in alleviating pain immediately after the treatment. However, this effect does not appear to be sustained on later follow-up assessments. Consequently, patients should be informed about the potential limitations of the treatment in providing lasting pain relief.
BACKGROUND: Household contacts of tuberculosis (TB) patients are at a greater risk of infection and developing TB as well. Despite recommendations to actively screen such high-risk groups for TB, it is poorly implemented in Ethiopia. A community-based household contact screening was conducted to compare the yield of two different screening approaches and to identify factors associated with TB occurrence.
METHODS: Smear-positive pulmonary TB index cases from six health facilities in six districts of Silti Zone were identified and enrolled prospectively between September 2020 and December 2022. Trained healthcare workers conducted house visits to screen household contacts for TB. WHO (World Health Organization) recommended symptom-based screening algorithms were used. The yield of screening was compared between a two-time screening at study site I and a single baseline screening at study site II, which is the current programmatic approach. Generalized estimating equation was used to run multivariate logistic regression to identify factors associated with TB occurrence.
RESULTS: A total of 387 index TB cases (193 at site I and 194 at site II) with 1,276 eligible contacts were included for analysis. The TB yield of repeat screening approach did not show a significant difference compared to a single screening (2.3% at site I vs. 1.1% at site II, p < 0.072). The number needed to screen was 44 and 87 for the repeat and single screening, respectively, indicating a high TB burden in both settings. The screening algorithm for patients with comorbidities of asthma and heart failure had a 100% sensitivity, 19.1% specificity and a positive predictive value of 5.6%. Cough [AOR: 10.9, 95%CI: 2.55,46.37], fatigue [AOR: 6.1, 95%CI: 1.76,21.29], daily duration of contact with index case [AOR: 4.6, 95%CI; 1.57,13.43] and age of index cases [AOR: 0.9, 95%CI; 0.91-0.99] were associated with the occurrence of TB among household contacts.
CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the yield of TB was not significantly different between one-time screening and repeat screening. Although repeat screening has made an addition to case notification, it should be practiced only if resources permit. Cough, fatigue, duration of contact and age of index cases were factors associated with TB. Further studies are needed to establish the association between older age and the risk of transmitting TB.
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic impacted nurses worldwide, increasing their risk of burnout and compassion fatigue. Although the literature on nurse deployment has been limited, this study describes nurses' experience and assesses their professional quality of life after the first phase of the pandemic and redeployment efforts.
METHODS: In 2020, nurses returning from their deployment to COVID-19 treatment units were invited to complete the Professional Quality of Life Survey and gather for debrief sessions, referred to as campfires, in which semistructured questions about their experiences were administered among clinical nurses and nurse leaders. Employing a mixed methods design, the authors conducted descriptive statistics for survey responses and inductive thematic analysis to identify emergent themes from open-ended questions.
RESULTS: A total of 19 campfires were held with 278 nurse participants. Of the 278 participants, 220 completed surveys. Of these, 194 (88%) represented 30 nurse leaders and 164 staff nurses. The majority of surveyed nurses in both groups reported compassion satisfaction despite reporting moderate levels of burnout and secondary traumatic stress. Qualitative themes from campfires with clinical nurses and nurse leaders revealed similarities, such as concern for safety and lack of choices and transparency, although each group faced unique challenges.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings related to post deployment and adverse psychological health suggest that a trauma-informed approach (ie, staff autonomy, physical and psychological safety, transparency, offering choices, leveraging voices, and collaboration) by leaders could enhance a culture of wellness, build resilience, and mitigate empathic burnout and also proactively and strategically thinking about preventive measures for future catastrophic events.
Participants will receive topiramate in double-blind period. From Week 25, eligible participants will receive atogepant in open-label period.
Vitamin D supplementation should be used with caution in those with hypercalcemia or conditions that may lead to hypercalcemia such as hyperparathyroidism and those who form calcium-containing kidney stones. High doses of vitamin D can lead to elevated levels of calcium that reside in the blood and soft tissues. Bone pain, high blood pressure, formation of kidney stones, renal failure, and increased risk of heart disease can occur.

Prolonged use of iron salts may produce iron storage disease.

Folic acid, especially in doses above 0.1 mg daily, may obscure pernicious anemia, in that hematologic remission may occur while neurological manifestations remain progressive.

The use of folic acid doses above 1 mg daily may precipitate or exacerbate the neurological damage of vitamin B12 deficiency.

Avoid Overdosage. Keep out of the reach of children.
INTRODUCTION: Extrapulmonary manifestations of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) may play a critical pathobiological role and a deeper understanding will advance insight into mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets. This manuscript reviews our understanding of extrapulmonary manifestations of PAH.
AREAS COVERED: A group of experts was assembled and a complimentary PubMed search performed (October 2023 - March 2024). Inflammation is observed throughout the central nervous system and attempts at manipulation are an encouraging step toward novel therapeutics. Retinal vascular imaging holds promise as a noninvasive method of detecting early disease and monitoring treatment responses. PAH patients have gut flora alterations and dysbiosis likely plays a role in systemic inflammation. Despite inconsistent observations, the roles of obesity, insulin resistance and dysregulated metabolism may be illuminated by deep phenotyping of body composition. Skeletal muscle dysfunction is perpetuated by metabolic dysfunction, inflammation, and hypoperfusion, but exercise training shows benefit. Renal, hepatic, and bone marrow abnormalities are observed in PAH and may represent both end-organ damage and disease modifiers.
EXPERT OPINION: Insights into systemic manifestations of PAH will illuminate disease mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets. Additional study is needed to understand whether extrapulmonary manifestations are a cause or effect of PAH and how manipulation may affect outcomes.
The invention provides a preparation method of an LCZ696 sustained release matrix tablet. The specific prescription of the LCZ696 sustained release tablet comprises (g/g): 40% of a main drug, 10%-20% of a matrix material, 30%-40% of a diluent, and 5%-10% of a lubricant. The preparation method consists of: sieving the raw and auxiliary materials by a 80-mesh sieve respectively for standby use, firstly mixing the main drug with the matrix material evenly, then adding the diluent and the lubricant and mixing the materials evenly, and performing all powder direct compression, thus obtaining the LCZ696 sustained release matrix tablet. The sustained release tablet is used for medication once every 24h, and the number of medication times is reduced. After oral taking, drugs are released slowly, the blood concentration is stable, and peak valley phenomenon is not generated. Also, the toxic and side effects of drugs are reduced.
Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats were given 0.5, 1.5, or 5 mg/kg/twice weekly of dulaglutide (1-, 3-, and 13-fold the MRHD based on AUC) for 3 months. Increases of 12% to 33% in total and pancreatic amylase, but not lipase, were observed at all doses without microscopic pancreatic inflammatory correlates in individual animals. Other changes in the dulaglutide-treated animals included increased interlobular ductal epithelium without active ductal cell proliferation (≥0.5 mg/kg), increased acinar atrophy with/without inflammation (≥1.5 mg/kg), and increased neutrophilic inflammation of the acinar pancreas (5 mg/kg).

Treatment of monkeys for 12 months with 8.15 mg/kg/twice weekly of dulaglutide (nearly 200-fold the MRHD based on AUC) demonstrated no evidence of pancreatic inflammation or pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia. In 4 of 19 monkeys on dulaglutide treatment, there was an increase in goblet cells within the pancreatic ducts, but no differences from the control group in total amylase or lipase at study termination. There were no proliferative changes in the thyroid C-cells.
A fusion protein and an application thereof. The fusion protein contains RdCVF and a signal peptide, the signal peptide being an amino acid sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NO:27-31 and SEQ ID NO:33. The present invention also relates to an isolated nucleic acid molecule, which contains a) a polynucleotide that encodes RdCVF and b) a polynucleotide that encodes a signal peptide. Also provided are a carrier, cell, and pharmaceutical composition containing the nucleic acid molecule, and so on. Further provided is a pharmaceutical use thereof. The described fusion protein and/or the isolated nucleic acid molecule can effectively increase the amount of RdCVF secreted.
PURPOSE:To unnecessitate the preservation of clinical charts, to eliminate calculation error and to shorten required time by inputting the clinical chart to a computer by a doctor simultaneously with the preparation of it and printing out the calculation of payment, medical prescription and treatment with a terminal equipment while utilizing the computer of a center. CONSTITUTION:As a consultation card, initial data and a password for privacy protection are inputted to a magnetic RAM card at a reception counter and simultaneously they are inputted to the computer of the center. The insurance marks of medicines, examination, treatments and others are previously inputted to the computer of the center. The condition of a patient is described in the consultation card by inputting images, and the others of treatment and the prescription of medicine is inputted in a selection system. Then, the calculation of payment at reception counter, drugstore prescription and treatment is performed at needed and the results are printed out at the respective positions by the terminal equipment. Those data are inputted to the center and used for a receipt at the end of months. Thus, it is not necessary to preserve many clinical charts, and the waiting time of patients can be shortened.
A prospective, open label, randomized, parallel group study with 21 pediatric patients was conducted for 2 years to evaluate the efficacy and safety of NORDITROPIN. Additional 6 children were not randomized, but did follow the protocol. Inclusion criteria included bone age determination showing no significant acceleration, prepubertal status, height SDS <-2, and HV SDS <1 during the 12 months pre-treatment. Exclusion criteria were previous or ongoing treatment with growth hormone, anabolic steroids or corticosteroids, congenital heart disease or other serious disease perceived to possibly have major impact on growth, FPG >6.7 mmol/L (>120 mg/dL), or growth hormone deficiency (peak GH levels <10 ng/mL). The twenty-four, 12 female and 12 male, patients 3 – 14 years of age received either 0.033 mg/kg/day or 0.066 mg/kg/day of NORDITROPINsubcutaneously which was adjusted based on growth response after the first 2 years.

After the initial two-year study, NORDITROPIN treatment continueduntil final height. Retrospective final height was collected from 18 patients in the study and the 6 who had followed the protocol without randomization. Historical reference materials of height velocity and adult height analyses of Noonan patients served as the controls.

Patients obtained a final height (FH) gain from baseline of 1.5 and 1.6 SDS estimated according to the national and the Noonan reference, respectively. A height gain of 1.5 SDS (national) corresponds to a mean height gain of 9.9 cm in boys and 9.1 cm in girls at 18 years of age, while a height gain of 1.6 SDS (Noonan) corresponds to a mean height gain of 11.5 cm in boys and 11.0 cm in girls at 18 years of age.

A comparison of HV between the two treatment groups during the first two years of treatment for the randomized subjects was 10.1 and 7.6 cm/year with 0.066 mg/kg/day versus 8.55 and 6.7 cm/year with 0.033 mg/kg/day, for Year 1 and Year 2, respectively.
Endometrial cancer (EC), one of the most prevalent carcinomas in females, is associated with increasing mortality. We identified the CHD4 R975H mutation as a high-frequency occurrence in EC patients through a comprehensive survey of EC databases. Computational predictions suggest that this mutation profoundly impacts the structural and functional integrity of CHD4. Functional assays revealed that the CHD4 R975H mutation enhances EC cell invasion, proliferation, and colony formation, promoting a cancer stem cell (CSC)-like phenotype. RNA-seq analysis of cells expressing CHD4 R975H mutant revealed a transcriptomic landscape marked by the activation of several cancer-promoting signaling pathways, including TNF-α signaling via NF-κB, KRAS, P53, mTOR, TGF-β, EGFR, Myc and growth factor signaling. Validation assays confirmed the activation of these pathways, further demonstrating that CHD4 R975H mutation induces stemness in EC cells and M2-like polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Our study elucidated the oncogenic role of CHD4 R975H mutation, highlighting its dual impact on facilitating cancer stemness and transforming TAMs into an immunosuppressive subtype. These findings contribute valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms driving EC progression and open avenues for targeted therapeutic interventions.