anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE:An agent for decreasing blood viscosity containing N,N- dimethylphenanthro[3,4-d]-1,3-dioxol-5-ethylamine as an active ingredient. CONSTITUTION:Stephania tetrandra is extracted with water and/or alcohols, and the solvent is removed from an extract. The residue, as it is or if necessary after dissolved in water or a mixed solvent of water with alcohols, is distributed with an organic solvent such as n-hexane, etc. Then a fat-soluble component transferred to the organic solvent is removed therefrom and aqueous ammonia is added thereto to adjust pH to 9. The resultant fraction is extracted with chloroform and the solvent is removed to obtain a chloroform-extract. Then the extract is subjected to column chromatography using alumina and developed into two fractions using chloroform as an eluting solvent. The first fraction is concentrated under reduced pressure and recrystallized to remove crystals and a crystal mother liquor is subjected to column chromatography to obtain the aimed substance.
Sleep deprivation produces changes including alteration of mood, irritability, fatigue, less focus and disorientation, also perceptive distortions, visual hallucinations and considering tasks harder and less pleasant. Extenuating working hours provoke sleep deprivation, which deteriorates work performance, produces mood disorders and increase chances of error.

In a survey performed to 3600 resident physicians in the USA it was observed that working more than 24 continuous hours was related with a higher risk of traffic accidents, as well as a higher tendency towards medical mistakes due to overstress, the most common being a diminished capability of performing a previously known procedure; also there were difficulties to solve problems generated by coworkers or relatives. Other study determinated that after a night shift the levels of daytime sleepiness were similar or higher than those of patients with narcolepsy or sleep apnea. The lack of sleep affects the performance of tasks, producing alterations similar to those in alcoholic intoxication, with a decline in visual attention, reaction speed, visual memory and creative thinking. Even though the effects of sleep deprivation in resident have been difficult to quantify due to confounders, there are indicators as decline in performance, which seems higher in less experienced physicians, with a higher alteration in reasoning and reaction time. It has been found in physicians in training (anesthesiology residents) that mistakes in administration of epidural anesthesia are more frequent after sleep deprivation; and a resident performing monitoring tasks after a night shift was more liable to mistakes that after a resting night, being also less likely to recognize arrhythmias in an electrocardiogram. Sleep deprivation affects coordination and skill, as observed in laparoscopist surgeons who took more time to complete a procedure after sleep deprivation than those who had rested. This results made the ACGME to establish a limitation in working hours during the residence.

Naps from 30 minutes to 4 hours improve alertness and performance. Studies comparing naps and caffeine have shown that naps not only improve arousal and attention but also helps to consolidate memory in those longer than 90 minutes. Furthermore, naps with slow wave and REM sleep are partially equivalent to a night's sleep, restoring the damage from baseline. It has been proven that naps promote a learning process similar to that occurring in a complete night sleep, which correlates with phase 2 of REM sleep. Therefore a nap schedule could improve the decision making of residents during their working hours.
Some studies have suggested a survival benefit from early treatment of bladder cancer (BC). This benefit may be due in part to a "lead-time" bias (LT), i.e., the time interval between the detection of BC in asymptomatic individuals and the development of symptoms ("backward prolongation of survival"). To estimate the LT of BC, it was assumed that LT corresponds to the ratio between the prevalence of pre-symptomatic BC and the incidence of symptomatic BC. Data on the prevalence of pre-symptomatic BC were derived from published screening studies. Data on the annual incidence of symptomatic BC at the age and gender of the study populations were derived from national registries in the countries in the years in which the screening studies were conducted. The ratios of the prevalence of presymptomatic BC to the incidence of symptomatic BC ranged from 3.3 to 12.1 years when derived from screening for microhematuria, and from 1.8 to 5.3 years when derived from screening for urine cytology and cell markers. The estimates of the LT of BC derived from the ratios between its prevalence in asymptomatic persons and its incidence in the corresponding population were consistent with those previously reported in retrospective and prospective cohort studies. Since these estimates may account for the survival benefit from early treatment of BC, the gain of screening for BC remains uncertain and should be confirmed by controlled randomized trials.
The interscalene block is the gold standard for postoperative pain management following rotator cuff surgery. However, the duration of the block does not cover rehabilitation. Therefore, in most cases, patients are discharged from the surgical center with an opioid prescription. There is a growing need to investigate complementary, non-pharmacologic pain-management methods. The Bridge device, which provides auricular neuromodulation of various cutaneous nerves near the ear, is manufactured by Masimo and previously FDA-approved to reduce symptoms of opioid withdrawal. It is a promising technology that could help relieve post-operative pain without exposing patients to the adverse effects of opioids or other pain-relieving medications. The objective of the trial is to investigate the efficacy of the Bridge device in reducing post-operative pain and post-operative opioid consumption in patients undergoing rotator cuff surgery with the typical mode of anesthesia, nerve block plus propofol sedation. Those enrolled will be assigned to a study group and compared to historic cohort (control group). Historic control group involves patients that underwent same surgical procedure performed at the surgical center involved in the study, by the same surgical operator, between 2020 and 2023.
Administration of chloroquine to patients with porphyria may exacerbate porphyria. Avoid chloroquine in patients with porphyria.

Hepatotoxicity Associated with Porphyria Cutanea Tarda 

Cases of hepatotoxicity have been reported when chloroquine was used in patients with porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT). Patients received dosages up to 500 mg per day. Most of the PCT-related cases presented with marked elevations in transaminases (> 20 times the upper limit of the reference range) within days to a month of chloroquine initiation. Measure liver tests promptly in patients who report symptoms that may indicate liver injury, such as fatigue, rash, nausea, dark urine, or jaundice. In this clinical context, if the patient is found to have abnormal serum liver tests, interrupt chloroquine treatment and investigate further to establish the probable cause.

The safety and effectiveness of chloroquine for the treatment of PCT have not been established and chloroquine is not approved for this use.
Combination of EVL and β-blocker has been proven effective in the prevention of variceal rebleeding . However, Our previous study showed that combination of EVL and nadolol do not have enhanced effect in the prophylaxis of 1st variceal bleeding as compared with nadolol alone . One of the drawbacks of EVL is esophageal ulcer. On the other hand ,carvedilol, an anti-α beta-blocker, has been proven to be more effective than propranolol in the reduction of portal pressure. Carvedilol has been proven to be more effective than EVL in the prevention of 1st variceal bleeding. The investigators thus conduct a multicenter trial to evaluate whether combination of EVL and carvedilol could be more effective than carvedilol alone in the prophylaxis of 1st esophageal variceal bleeding . The goal of patients receiving EVL is to reduce variceal size, not variceal obliteration, in anticipation for fewer sessions required for each patient and fewer possibility of esophageal ulcer bleeding.
SAE was defined as cerebral dysfunction in the presence of sepsis or septic shock and the absence of any of the exclusion criteria. For patients undergoing sedation during the ICU stay, the GCS scores were evaluated before sedation; for patients who have been sedated prior to ICU admission, the assumed GCS scores, i.e., the scores measured before any administration of sedative/relaxant drug were used for analysing; for postoperative patients, the GCS scores measured before surgery was used. The CAM-ICU was assessed daily by the nurse or the physician in charge of the patient during the ICU stay. For patients who were sedated, spontaneous awakening trials were performed daily; the longest evaluate time after withdrawal of sedation was 24 h during the trials. In this evaluation period, patients should be awake to evaluate their consciousness, and they were diagnosed of SAE if the patients were not awake.
BACKGROUND: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most common chronic complication of herpes zoster (HZ) and results in severe refractory neuropathic pain. This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of premedication with duloxetine in the prevention of PHN.
METHODS: The PROCESS trial is a multicenter, randomized, open-label, blinded-endpoint trial used a 1:1 duloxetine:control ratio. Adults 50 years or older with HZ who presented with vesicles within 72 hours were recruited. The primary outcome was the incidence of PHN at 12 weeks. PHN was defined as any pain intensity score other than 0 mm on the visual analog scale (VAS) at week 12 after the onset of the rash. The secondary outcomes were the number of participants with VAS >0 and VAS ≥3. The modified intention-to-treat (mITT) principle and per-protocol (PP) principle were used for the primary outcome analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 375 participants were randomly assigned to the duloxetine group and 375 were assigned to the control group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of PHN in the duloxetine group compared with the control group in the mITT analysis (86 [22.9%] of 375 vs 108 [28.8%] of 375; P = .067). PP analysis produced similar results. However, there were significant differences between the 2 groups in the number of participants with VAS >0 and VAS ≥3 (P < .05 for all comparisons).
CONCLUSIONS: Although absolute prevention of PHN does not occur, this trial found that premedication with duloxetine can reduce pain associated with HZ, and therefore can have clinically relevant benefits. Clinical Trials Registration. Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04313335. Registered on 18 March 2020.
Specific Aims Over 50% of Americans are overweight. These individuals are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Weight losses of 5-10% of body weight have been shown to lower these risks. The majority of individuals who lose weight do so on their own, without the help of formal programs. Developing ways to improve weight loss in such individuals is a major public health challenge. We believe that the Internet holds tremendous promise for reaching large numbers of overweight individuals and assisting them in their weight loss efforts. Our previous research has shown that a structured behavioral weight loss program offered via the Internet, with regular feedback from a therapist, can produce average weight losses of 9 lbs. at 6 months. The purpose of this project is to compare the weight losses achieved at 6 months using 3 different types of Internet programs, all of which are used in combination with SlimFast as the dietary component.Subject PopulationTwo hundred twenty-five overweight individuals will be recruited, aged 20-65 with a BMI of 27-40 who want to lose weight using SlimFast. Participants must be willing to attend an initial orientation and weigh-in session and follow-up weigh-in sessions and agree that they will not begin a second weight loss program within the next 12 months. Interested participants will be required to have access to a computer with Internet connection from their home or their workplace.Methods/DesignParticipants will be randomly assigned to one of three conditions: 1) SlimFast + Current SlimFast Website; 2) SlimFast + Current SlimFast Website + Computer-Generated E-mail feedback; or 3) SlimFast + Current SlimFast Website + Therapist-Assisted E-mail feedback. All 3 groups will be placed on a calorie-restricted diet (1200-1500 kcal/day) that utilizes SlimFast for 2 meals per day and a healthy evening meal. They will be encouraged to increase their exercise to 1000 kcal/week based on walking. Group 1 will receive all other input from the SlimFast website. Group 2 will receive weekly computer-generated feedback based on diet, physical activity and weight loss information. Group 3 will receive weekly e-mail messages from a trained therapist that will provide feedback based on diet, physical activity and weight loss information.Data AnalysisAll participants will be weighed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months to document the weight changes they experience. The primary analysis will compare weight change from baseline to 6 months for the 3 conditions. An intent-to-treat analysis will be used, where dropouts are considered to have regained back to baseline weight. Secondary analyses will examine baseline predictors of weight loss and the association between use of the various Internet components and outcome.
This prospective single center RCT aims to compare sterile gauze and tape versus Semi-permeable film dressing on the incidence of exit-site infection, CRBSIs (catheter-related bloodstream infections), skin irritation, total bacterial count, dressing intactness and cost-benefit, nursing workload in hemodialysis patients with a non-tunneled hemodialysis catheter.

154 eligible patients in our HD center will be enrolled consecutively and randomly allocated to one of the two groups according to computer-generated randomization sequences in a 1:1 ratio. Experiment group use semi-permeable film as dressing in exit-site of CVC, and a sterile gauze and tape in control group. Both groups share same disinfection and dressing change procedure. Dressings will be replaced per hemodialysis session, or as needed. Socio-demographic data and disease-related information will be collected, as well as catheterization site, physician, skin and exit status of the catheterization site at baseline. Data as listed in the beginning will be recorded in the next 2 weeks follow-up at every session, such as sign of exit-site infection, CRBSIs (catheter-related bloodstream infections), skin irritation and dryness, dressing intactness. Before the 2nd dressing change, skin around exit of CVC under dressing area will be swabbed by a cotton swab. Nursing time of dressing change will be recorded by a third nurses. Cost and benefit will be calculated and compared by the end.
VR-based exercise program for half an hour a day, 5 days a week for a total of 3 weeks, in addition to home exercise programs for half an hour a day, 5 days a week for a total of 3 weeks. These individuals will use the Microsoft Kinect for Azure VR system in the virtual environment. They will play the registered games. These games will include purpose-oriented activities such as lying on the shelf and using bilaterally, which are intended to use the upper extremities of individuals with AC in daily life.
BACKGROUND: Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is minimally invasive, ambulatory endoscopic surgical procedure usually performed in most paranasal sinus diseases. Controlled hypotension during anaesthesia (hypotensive anesthesia) improves surgical field visibility and reduces risk of injuring surrounding structures. Clonidine (C) and dexmedetomidine (D) are both used to reduce blood pressure and heart rate while maintaining tissue perfusion. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of clonidine compared to dexmedetomidine for controlled hypotension during FESS.
METHODS: After ethical approval, 80 patients undergoing elective FESS were included in the study and randomly allocated to Group C or Group D. In Group C, 40 patients received intravenous clonidine with a loading dose of 3µg/Kg for 10 min and titrated maintenance dose of 0.4-0.8 µg/Kg/hour. In Group D patients received intravenous dexmedetomidine with a loading dose of 1µg/Kg for 10 min and titrated maintenance dose of 0.4-0.8µg/Kg/hour. The target was mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) between 55 and 65 mmHg and heart rate (HR) above 50 beats per minute. The primary outcome was blood loss. The secondary outcomes were surgical field quality assessed by Fromme Bezooart score, variations in MAP and HR intraoperatively, duration of surgery and anesthesia, and post-operative sedation assessed by Ramsay Sedation Score (RSS).
RESULTS: Demographic data of both groups were comparable. The difference between both groups in terms of blood loss and surgical field quality was not statistically significant (p = 0.579, 1.000). MAP and HR were statistically significantly reduced to targeted level in both groups compared to baseline (p<0.001). Dexmedetomidine led to severe hypotension compared to clonidine, and the difference was statistically significant. Duration of return to baseline MAP and HR, duration of anesthesia and postoperative sedation were prolonged in group D compared to Group C.
CONCLUSION: Clonidine and dexmedetomidine provided good to excellent quality of surgical field visibility to surgeons during FESS. Dexmedetomidine produce more hypotension and bradycardia compared to clonidine which may be preferable for controlled hypotension in the setting of ambulatory surgery. However, considering the small sample of this study which could not detect small but clinically differences between both drugs, there is a need for a much larger and multicenter study to confirm these findings.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial was retrospectively registered in the Pan African Clinical Registry (pactr.samrc, ac.za) on 15 August 2024 under trial number PACTR202408565688611.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a filler which is capable of imparting an excellent transmitted light distribution uniformity to and is capable of imparting a fluorine sustained releasability to a dental composite material, and to provide a preparing process thereof. SOLUTION: The inorganic filler is such that inorganic microparticles comprising an acid reactive element have a surface formed with a cement reactive layer and moreover have the outer side thereof covered with a polysiloxane. The above inorganic filler is one in which the inorganic microparticles are of a glass containing fluorine and an acid reactive element. The above inorganic filler is one in which the acid reactive element is selected from elements of group I, II and III of the periodic table. The preparing process for the above inorganic fillers comprises reacting of an inorganic filler containing a polysiloxane-covered, acid-reactive element with an acidic polymer. A dental composition contains the one of the above inorganic fillers which one has a surface treated with an organosilane compound.
Described herein are methods of classifying periodontal patients and individual teeth. For example, disclosed is a method of diagnosing periodontal disease and/or risk of tooth loss in a subject that involves classifying teeth into one of 7 classes of periodontal disease. The method can include the step of performing a dental examination on a patient and determining a periodontal profile class (PPC). The method can further include the step of determining for each tooth a Tooth Profile Class (TPC). The PPC and TPC can be used together to generate a composite risk score for an individual, which is referred to herein as the Index of Periodontal Risk (IPR). In some embodiments, each stage of the disclosed PPC system is characterized by unique single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with unique pathways, identifying unique druggable targets for each stage.
Patient will receive a PEMF treatment. The involved leg will be exposed to PEMF for 10 minutes per session, and the treatment regime will run two times a week for eight weeks, summing up 16 sessions of PEMF exposure in total.
PROPEA3 is a prospective observational study investigating the recovery of propofol-induced EEG slow-wave activity and its association with neurological outcome after cardiac arrest. Comatose adult patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) after cardiac arrest are included. Patients with previous neurological disease expected to affect substantially EEG are excluded. The patients' relatives are asked for an informed written consent to participate. In the intensive care, the patients are sedated using continuous infusion of propofol while receiving temperature management/hypothermia treatment following the ICUs' common practice. EEG is recorded continuously from the admission to the ICU until 48 hours from the cardiac arrest. EEG slow-wave activity is determined offline by calculating the low-frequency (\<1 Hz) power from the signal. The neurological recovery of the patients is defined 6 months after cardiac arrest from patient documents and/or by phone call to the patient/relative using Cerebral Performance Category. After the follow-up period patient or the relative is also asked to fill a survey (SF-36) to estimate the health and quality of life.
The invention discloses a scolopendra polysaccharide-protein composition troche, which can prevent and cure hepatic trauma diseases. The tablet comprises scolopendra polysaccharide-protein composition (SPPC), filling agent, adhesives, disintegration agent, humectant and lubricant with constant proportion with reasonable prescription and convenient application. The steps of preparation is: <1>after the filling agent, the adhesives and the disintegration agent are added into SPPC separately, the humectant is added and mixed homogeneously and soft strip is prepared; <2> the homogeneous soft strip is screened through nylon sieve with 50-200 holes, dried under 70-80 DEG C and granule through iron sieve; <3>finally, adding into the lubricant and prepare troche. The medicinal composition has highly effective anti-liver damage activity and has effective improvement and recovery action to a plurality of experimental liver damage through proving. Acute and toxicity test indicates that toxin toxic and side effects are low. Therefore, the invention is applied in preventing and curing the hepatic trauma diseases, which is characterized by high property in protecting liver activity, and innocuity etc.