anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: Cytokines are potent molecules of the immune response. They act at the site of inflammation and circulate in the bloodstream. However, there are few studies on encephalitis and circulating inflammatory proteins.
METHODS: In this study, Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to explore the potential causal effect of 91 circulating inflammatory proteins on 3 different types of encephalitis. Causal effects were examined using Steiger, MR-Egger, weighted median, and inverse variance weighting (IVW) methods. IVW methods were primarily used for results interpretation. In addition, sensitivity analyses were performed, including assessment of heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy, and Leave-one-out techniques.
RESULTS: We subjected 91 circulating inflammatory proteins to MR analysis of causality with each of the three types of encephalitis. The results suggested that the inflammatory factors with a potential causal relationship with viral encephalitis were caspase 8, C-X-C motif chemokine 6, interleukin-10, interleukin-15 receptor subunit alpha, interleukin-7, and TNF-beta. Inflammatory factors potentially causally associated with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis are beta-nerve growth factor, cystatin D, interleukin-7, Latency-associated peptide transforming growth factor beta 1,and neurotrophin-3.Inflammatory factors potentially causally associated with autoimmune encephalitis are C-C motif chemokine 25, hepatocyte growth factor, latency-associated peptide transforming growth factor beta 1, programmed cell death 1 ligand 1, sulfotransferase 1A1, and tumor necrosis factor.
CONCLUSION: This finding identifies potential causal effects of certain circulating inflammatory factors on susceptibility to three types of encephalitis. It also suggests the therapeutic potential of modulating the levels of these cytokines. A basis for further research is provided.
The invention provides a tandem molecule of a nano antibody and application thereof in disease treatment, belonging to the technical field of antibodies. The tandem molecule of the nano antibody is an antibody, which comprises a first single-domain antibody and a second single-domain antibody, and comprises the following components: HCDR1, HCDR2, HCDR3 as shown in SEQ ID nos. 1-3; and/or; an amino acid sequence having at least 80% sequence identity to the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NO. 1-3; HCDR4, HCDR5, HCDR6 as shown in SEQ ID nos. 4-6; and/or; an amino acid sequence having at least 80% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 4-6. The binding capacity and blocking activity of the antibody of the invention with IL-17A antigen are significantly better than those of the positive control antibody Ixekizumab.
The different shapes of the pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles following administration of GSK2239633 in rat and dog make it difficult to reliably predict the human PK profile. This microdose study will provide an early readout on the distribution and clearance profile of the drug in man and will be used to model potential clinical oral doses. The study will be conducted using an open-label, single dose design in one group of healthy male volunteers. Each subject will receive a single intravenous infusion of 100ug GSK2239633 (containing approximately 10kBq of \[14C\]-GSK2239633), administered over 15 minutes. Subjects will attend for a screening visit within 30 days prior to Day 1 and receive a single dose infusion of study drug on Day 1. Blood and urine samples will be taken over 48 hours for pharmacokinetic and total radioactivity analysis, and safety and tolerability will be monitored. Subjects will be discharged on Day 3 and a follow-up telephone call will be made 4-10 days post-dose.
The present invention relates to compositions which are useful as cosmetic or therapeutic agents for nails. The present compositions form films exhibiting a 7-day Toughness Value of from about 1.2 MPa to about 12 MPa. The films preferably further have a Rigidity Value of from about 500 to about 1300 MPa. The compositions also advantageously provide films having a 7-day Wear Value of from about 1000 (MPa)2 to about 5000 (MPa)2. The compositions and films are particularly useful as nail polishes providing improved wear. Preferred compositions contain, by weight of the composition, from about 5 % to about 20 % of a film forming cellulosic polymer; from about 1.25 % to about 8 %, of a film forming polyurethane polymer; from about 3 % to about 20 % of a plasticizer; and from about 55 % to about 90 % of a volatile, organic solvent. The invention also relates to films formed from the compositions, and methods of treating the nails comprising application of the composition to the nails.
Midazolam will be administered as intravenous infusions with infusion rates ranging from 0.009 mg/kg/hr to 0.027 mg/kg/hr. To maintain blinding, both active and placebo will be infused at similar infusion rates (mL/hr).
The invention relates to a method and compositions for applying an active ingredient to a substrate. The active ingredient is incorporated into a micro-emulsion or into a liposome suspension. Foaming agents and optionally frothing reagents are added in such a way that they do not diffuse into the particles of the micro-emulsion or liposome suspension, thereby destroying them. The micro-emulsion or the liposome suspension is foamed on the substrate. A fine film is formed as a result of the subsequent refraction of said foam. The active ingredient can diffuse into the substrate in a continuous manner over a long period of time.
Sotret may cause depression, psychosis and, rarely, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, suicide, and aggressive and/or violent behaviors. No mechanism of action has been established for these events (see ADVERSE REACTIONS: Psychiatric). Prescribers should read the brochure, Recognizing Psychiatric Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Guide for Prescribers of Isotretinoin. Prescribers should be alert to the warning signs of psychiatric disorders to guide patients to receive the help they need. Therefore, prior to initiation of Sotret therapy, patients and family members should be asked about any history of psychiatric disorder, and at each visit during therapy patients should be assessed for symptoms of depression, mood disturbance, psychosis, or aggression to determine if further evaluation maybe necessary. Signs and symptoms of depression, as described in the brochure (“Recognizing Psychiatric Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults”), include sad mood, hopelessness, feelings of guilt, worthlessness or helplessness, loss of pleasure or interest in activities, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, change in sleep pattern, change in weight or appetite, suicidal thoughts or attempts, restlessness, irritability, acting on dangerous impulses, and persistent physical symptoms unresponsive to treatment. Patients should stop Sotret and the patient or a family member should promptly contact their prescriber if the patient develops depression, mood disturbance, psychosis, or aggression, without waiting until the next visit. Discontinuation of Sotret therapy may be insufficient; further evaluation may be necessary. While such monitoring may be helpful, it may not detect all patients at risk. Patients may report mental health problems or family history of psychiatric disorders. These reports should be discussed with the patient and/or the patient’s family. A referral to a mental health professional may be necessary. The physician should consider whether Sotret therapy is appropriate in this setting; for some patients the risks may outweigh the benefits of isotretinoin therapy.
An oral delayed immediate release formulation comprises a compressed core containing one or more active substances surrounded with a coating. The release of the active substance from the core is caused by rupture of the coating after a definite lag-time. The core comprises one or more immediate release carriers and having no substantial swelling properties upon exposure to gastrointestinal fluids. Also disclosed are formulations containing an oral immediate release formulation combined with one or more oral delayed immediate release formulations with different lag-times. The oral delayed immediate release formulation may be used for the application of active substances such as anti-asthmatics, anti-emetics, cardiotonics, vasodilators, anti-vertigo and anti-ménière compounds, anti-hypertensives, sedatives, anti-depressants, anti-anxiety compounds, corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory compounds, anti-ulceratives, analgetics, anti-arrhythmics, anti-rheumatics, anti-arthritic compounds and anti-angina compounds. The oral delayed immediate release formulation may also be used for the application of biological active compounds such as proteins, peptides, enzymes, vaccines and oligonucleotides.
Subjects will undergo to Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation with anode in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and cathode in right supra orbicular region. The stimulus will be 1mA for 20 minutes.
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject composition effective for treatment of essential hypertension and angina pectoris. SOLUTION: This composition is obtained by preparing 2.5-20wt.% nifedipine and polyvinylpyrrolidone in an amount of 1-5 pts.wt. based on 1 pt.wt. nifedipine in an organic solvent (methylene chloride), treating the resultant solution at 90 deg.C by a spraying and drying machine, introducing the resultant amorphous co-precipitate (having <100μm particle size), a hydrophilic cellulose derivative (e.g. hydrxypropyl methyl cellulose) in an amount of 0.1-6 pts.wt. and carboxypolymethylene in an amount of 0.1-5 pts.wt. based on 1 pt.wt. nifedipine and lactose by a fluidized bed method to prepare granules and applying a protective film or delayed surface agent film (e.g. acrylic acid polymer) to the granules. The composition can release nifedipine for 8-24hr. The nifedipine content in dosage unit is in the range of 0.1-400mg.
The global incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been steadily increasing, making it a leading chronic liver disease. MAFLD refers to a metabolic syndrome linked with type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity. However, its pathophysiology is complex, there are currently no effective and approved medicines for therapy. Rutin, a naturally occurring polyphenolic flavonoid, is widely distributed in fruits, vegetables, and other plants. It exhibits a plethora of bioactive properties, such as antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities, making it an extremely promising phytochemical. Rutin has shown great potential in the treatment of a wide variety of metabolic diseases and received considerable attention in recent years. Fortuitously, various research studies have validated rutin's extensive biological functions in treating metabolic disorders. Despite the fact that the exact pathophysiological mechanisms through which rutin has a hepatoprotective effect on MAFLD are still not fully elucidated. This review comprehensively outlines rutin's multifaceted preventive and therapeutic effects in MAFLD, including the modulation of lipid metabolism, reduction of insulin resistance, diminution of inflammation and oxidative stress, combatting of obesity, and influence on intestinal flora. This paper details the known molecular targets and pathways of rutin in MAFLD pathogenesis. It endeavored to provide new ideas for treating MAFLD and accelerating its translation from bench to bedside.
A composition that has insect repellent properties is made from essential volatile oils. The inventive composition includes a combination of menthol, eucalyptus oil, citronella oil and/or tea tree oil, alcohol, water and skin moisturizing components. Menthol in crystal or liquid form. Essential oil of eucalyptus. Essential oil of citronella and/or tea tree oil. Isopropyl alcohol, grain alcohol or any other type of distilled alcohol. Deionized, distilled or any other type of sterile water. Skin conditioning oils including but not limited to mineral oil, jojoba oil, glycerin, Vitamin E. The topical composition can be formulated as a solution, suspension, cream, ointment, gel, film or spray.
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: Bifidobacterium bifidum DVA-12 strain is recovered from bowels of a healthy adult and deposited in the State collection of microorganisms of the normal flora (SCNF) of Federal State Research Institution Gabrichevskiy Moscow Research Institution of Epidemiology and Microbiology of Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights and Human Welfare, No. 224. The strain actively propagates in various nutrient mediums with accumulating a high bifidus bacteria process biomass. ^ EFFECT: Bifidobacterium bifidum DVA-12 strain exhibits acid-forming activity, pathogen and opportunistic pathogen antagonist activity, ferments milk that enables to use it for preparing bifidus products. ^ 2 tbl, 5 ex
Familial adenomatous polyposis is an autosomal dominant syndrome caused by a germ-line mutation of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene located at chromosome 5q21. The disorder is characterized by the development of hundreds of colorectal adenomas during adolescence. Colorectal cancer will develop in nearly all affected persons by the sixth decade of life if prophylactic colectomy is not performed. Because the adenoma-to-carcinoma sequence in familial adenomatous polyposis resembles sporadic colon carcinogenesis, studies of familial adenomatous polyposis may contribute to the prevention of sporadic adenomas and colon cancer.

BBR, an isoquinoline alkaloid, is a natural compound in numerous Chinese herb plants such as Berberisaristata, Coptischinensis, Coptis rhizome, etc. In recent years, Berberine hydrochloride has been reported to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and to be cytotoxic towards cancer cells. The aim of this study is to investigate the regression effect of Berberine hydrochloride on the colorectal adenomas in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.
BACKGROUND: This study describes the population pharmacokinetics of cefoxitin in obese patients undergoing elective bariatric surgery and evaluates different dosing regimens for achievement of pre-defined target exposures.
METHODS: Serial blood samples were collected during surgery with relevant clinical data. Total serum cefoxitin concentrations were measured by chromatographic assay and analysed using a population PK approach with Pmetrics®. The cefoxitin unbound fraction (fu) was estimated. Dosing simulations were performed to ascertain the probability of target attainment (PTA) to achieve cefoxitin fu above minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) from surgical incision to wound closure. Fractional target attainment (FTA) was calculated against MIC distributions of common pathogens.
RESULTS: A total of 123 obese patients (median BMI 44.3 kg/m2) were included with 381 cefoxitin concentration values. Cefoxitin was best described by a one-compartment model, with a mean clearance and volume of distribution of 10.9 ± 6.1 L/h and 23.4 ± 10.5 L, respectively. In surgery <2 h, a 2 and a 4 g doses were sufficient for an MIC up to 4 and 8 mg/L (fu 50%), respectively. In prolonged surgery (2-4 h), only continuous infusion enabled optimal PTA for an MIC up to 16 mg/L. Optimal FTAs were obtained against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia Coli only when simulating with 50% cefoxitin protein binding (intermittent regimen) and regardless of the protein binding for the continuous infusion.
CONCLUSION: Intermittent dosing regimens resulted in optimal FTAs against susceptible MIC distributions of S. aureus and E. coli when simulating with 50% cefoxitin protein binding. Continuous infusion of cefoxitin may improve FTA regardless of protein binding.
STUDY REGISTRATION: Registration on ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03306290.
Familial clustering of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) is well-documented, and a family history of TGCT is associated with an increased risk of this disease. The International Testicular Cancer Linkage Consortium (ITCLC) has assembled 350 multiple case TGCT families in support of a linkage effort that provisionally mapped a susceptibility gene to chromosome Xq27 in a subset of these kindreds. However, familial TGCT is genetically heterogeneous, thus increasing the need for meticulous case definition and classification in ongoing genetic and etiologic studies. The histopathologic classification of TGCT is very complicated; few pathologists have extensive experience reviewing this uncommon tumor. Basing epidemiologic studies upon local pathology reports may result in failure to recognize etiologically critical TGCT subsets of the kind which have been central to suspecting and defining various hereditary cancer syndromes, such as the multiple inherited renal cancer disorders.

Few studies have addressed the risk of cancer among relatives of sporadic TGCT patients. Recent reports suggest a 20% increase in overall cancer risk among first-degree relatives of TGCT patients and site-specific excess cancer risks in male relatives and in the mothers of TGCT patients. These cancer sites constitute diseases for which there is some prior evidence to suggest a genetic relationship to TGCT. Identification of other cancers as part of the familial TGCT disease spectrum would both provide clinically relevant insight into this syndrome, and enhance the statistical power of gene-seeking linkage analysis.

We propose two studies, each targeting the ITCLC set of high-risk TGCT families, none of which come from the US: (a) Centralized Pathology Review of Familial TGCT; and (b) The Occurrence of Cancer Other than Germ Cell Tumors in TGCT Families. Data will be provided by three of the largest ITCLC contributors; each will contact TGCT probands and their relatives and collect the primary data under their familial and non-familial TGCT, and perform the data analysis for both studies. NCI will neither seek nor receive individual identifying information from any participant. Currently, our UK collaborator has completed acquisition of a Federal Wide Assurance (FWA) and local ethical review. Since this group is contributing 70% of the families in these two projects, we now bring that component before the NCI Special Studies IRB. We shall return to the IRB for review of the other two contributors upon completion of their local ethical review process.
Sleep restriction.46 People with insomnia often spend too much time awake in bed. Sleep restriction modifies the participant's sleep window so total time in bed is no more than 30 minutes beyond their average total sleep time to consolidate sleep, thus improving depth, continuity, and consistency. As the participant's sleep efficiency improves with treatment (i.e., the percentage of total time spent asleep within the sleep window), their sleep window is also increased. However, the shortened sleep window often causes increased anxiety.
Participants in arm 2 will receive 6 months "usual care" followed by 6 months of MS CATCH tool intervention. These first 6 months will be used to assess the definition of "usual care".
BACKGROUND: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a rare myeloproliferative disease in childhood. Treatment in CML includes Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs), which inhibit the cytoplasmic kinase BCR/ABL. Tyrosine kinases play a key role in the secretion of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1).
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review was to study the effect of TKIs on the growth of children and adolescents with CML.
METHODS: English-language publications were searched in the PubMed/Cochrane library/Google Scholar databases (2002-2023), and retrieved studies were assessed according to PRISMA-Statement and Newcastle- Ottawa-scale.
RESULTS: The search strategy yielded 1066 articles. After applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 941 were excluded based on title screening and 111 on abstract review. The systematic review included 14 articles (11 retrospective observational studies/3 clinical trials). Twelve studies reported data on the prevalence of growth disorders after the administration of 1st generation TKIs (imatinib). Two studies reported a negative effect of 2nd generation TKIs (dasatinib/nilotinib) on physical growth. Four studies recorded a decrease in height z-score after treatment compared to baseline. Two 1st-generation TKIs studies reported data on children's final height; one reported restoration of final height to normal after the onset of puberty, despite initial slowing, and the final height was lower than mid-parental target height. Serum IGF-1 levels were reported in 2 studies to be within normal range, while in 3 studies, a significant decrease was documented. Considerable study heterogeneity was observed related to dosage/duration of treatment/disease phase/stage of puberty/ethnicity.
CONCLUSION: A negative effect of TKIs on the growth and final height of children was noted.
Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Influenza in Pediatric Subjects

The safety and effectiveness of XOFLUZA for the treatment of acute uncomplicated influenza in pediatric subjects 12 years of age and older weighing at least 40 kg is supported by one randomized, double-blind, controlled trial in otherwise healthy subjects (Trial 2) and one trial in subjects at high risk of developing influenza-related complications (Trial 3) [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. A total of 117 otherwise healthy adolescents 12-17 years old were randomized and received either XOFLUZA (N=76) or placebo (N=41) in Trial 2; 38 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years at high risk for influenza complications were randomized and received either XOFLUZA (N=21) or placebo (N=17) in Trial 3. The median time to alleviation of symptoms in influenza-infected adolescent subjects aged 12 to 17 years in Trial 2 was comparable to that observed in adults. In Trial 3, the median time to improvement of symptoms in the limited number of influenza-infected adolescent subjects aged 12 to 17 years was similar in the XOFLUZA and placebo arms [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. Adverse events reported in adolescents in both trials were similar to those reported in adults [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

The safety and efficacy of XOFLUZA in pediatric subjects less than 12 years of age have not been established for the treatment of acute uncomplicated influenza. For information on baloxavir resistance in subjects less than 12 years of age [see Microbiology (12.4)].

Post-Exposure Prophylaxis of Influenza in Pediatric Subjects

The safety and effectiveness of XOFLUZA for post-exposure prophylaxis in adolescents (12 years to < 18 years) is supported by one randomized, double-blind, controlled trial conducted in Japan (Trial 4) [see Clinical Studies (14.3)]. Subjects in this trial were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive XOFLUZA or placebo. A total of 12 subjects from ≥ 12 to < 18 years of age received XOFLUZA. The incidence of RT-PCR-confirmed symptomatic influenza was similar in the XOFLUZA and placebo arms in the limited number of adolescent subjects aged 12 to 17 years of age [see Clinical Studies (14.3)]. Adverse events reported in adolescent subjects were similar to those reported in adults in the same trial [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].

The safety and efficacy of XOFLUZA for post-exposure prophylaxis of influenza in pediatric subjects less than 12 years of age have not been established.
Behavioral counseling used evidence-based smoking cessation intervention components as well as a theoretically-framed focus on behavioral shaping to promote the adoption of smoke-free homes and cars. Sessions included two, 1-hour in-home counseling and seven, 5-15 minute telephone follow-up sessions over 16 weeks. Content included health ed around the benefits of eliminating children's exposure to secondhand smoke; skills training around adoption and maintenance of smoke-free environments; goal setting, problem solving, and positive reinforcement for progress toward goals; coping skills training for smoking urge and mood management; and home support for maternal smoking behavior change achieve through family contracts and home detailing promoting pro-smoke-free home norms.