anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy Category D [see Boxed Warning and Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]. 

Use of drugs that act on the renin-angiotensin system during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy reduces fetal renal function and increases fetal and neonatal morbidity and death. Resulting oligohydramnios can be associated with fetal lung hypoplasia and skeletal deformations. Potential neonatal adverse effects include skull hypoplasia, anuria, hypotension, renal failure, and death. When pregnancy is detected, discontinue Perindopril Erbumine Tablets as soon as possible. These adverse outcomes are usually associated with use of these drugs in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. Most epidemiologic studies examining fetal abnormalities after exposure to antihypertensive use in the first trimester have not distinguished drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system from other antihypertensive agents. Appropriate management of maternal hypertension during pregnancy is important to optimize outcomes for both mother and fetus. 

In the unusual case that there is no appropriate alternative to therapy with drugs affecting the renin-angiotensin system for a particular patient, apprise the mother of the potential risk to the fetus. Perform serial ultrasound examinations to assess the intra-amniotic environment. If oligohydramnios is observed, discontinue Perindopril Erbumine Tablets, unless it is considered lifesaving for the mother. Fetal testing may be appropriate, based on the week of pregnancy. Patients and physicians should be aware, however, that oligohydramnios may not appear until after the fetus has sustained irreversible injury. Closely observe infants with histories of in utero exposure to Perindopril Erbumine for hypotension, oliguria, and hyperkalemia [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4)]. 

Radioactivity was detectable in fetuses after administration of 14C-perindopril to pregnant rats.
Metformin is a widely prescribed anti-diabetic medicine that also reduces body weight. There is ongoing debate about the mechanisms that mediate metformin's effects on energy balance. Here, we show that metformin is a powerful pharmacological inducer of the anorexigenic metabolite N-lactoyl-phenylalanine (Lac-Phe) in cells, in mice and two independent human cohorts. Metformin drives Lac-Phe biosynthesis through the inhibition of complex I, increased glycolytic flux and intracellular lactate mass action. Intestinal epithelial CNDP2+ cells, not macrophages, are the principal in vivo source of basal and metformin-inducible Lac-Phe. Genetic ablation of Lac-Phe biosynthesis in male mice renders animals resistant to the effects of metformin on food intake and body weight. Lastly, mediation analyses support a role for Lac-Phe as a downstream effector of metformin's effects on body mass index in participants of a large population-based observational cohort, the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Together, these data establish Lac-Phe as a critical mediator of the body weight-lowering effects of metformin.
A method includes receiving electroencephalographic (EEG) signal data recordings collected from a plurality of individuals via at least one EEG monitoring device. An optimized plurality of wavelet packet atoms is constructed based on the EEG signal data recordings and a mother wavelet. The optimized plurality of wavelet packet atoms is reordered to obtain an optimal reordered set of wavelet packet atoms. The optimal reordered set of wavelet packet atoms is normalized to obtain an optimal normalized set of wavelet packet atoms that is representative of brain activities of the plurality of individuals. A particular EEG signal data recording of a particular individual is received, which is projected onto the optimal normalized set of wavelet packet atoms to obtain an individual-specific set of projections for the particular individual on the optimal normalized set of wavelet packet atoms. A brain activity representation of the particular individual is generated based on the individual-specific set of projections.
BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Oxidative injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in the airway epithelium are major events in COPD progression.
METHODS AND RESULTS: The therapeutic effects of Progesterone (P4) were investigated in vivo and in vitro in this study. In vivo, in a cigarette smoke (CS) exposure-induced COPD mouse model, P4 treatment significantly ameliorated CS exposure-induced physiological and pathological characteristics, including inflammatory cell infiltration and oxidative injury, in a dose-dependent manner. The c-MYC/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway is involved in the protective function of P4 against CS-induced COPD. In vitro, P4 co-treatment significantly ameliorated H2O2-induced oxidative injury and mitochondrial dysfunctions by promoting cell proliferation, increasing mitochondrial membrane potential, decreasing ROS levels and apoptosis, and increasing ATP content. Moreover, P4 co-treatment partially attenuated H2O2-caused inhibition in Nrf1, Tfam, Mfn1, PGR-B, c-MYC, SIRT1, and PGC-1α levels. In BEAS-2B and ASM cells, the c-MYC/SIRT1 axis regulated P4's protective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative injury and mitochondrial dysfunctions.
CONCLUSION: P4 activates the c-MYC/SIRT1 axis, ameliorating CS-induced COPD and protecting both airway epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells against H2O2-induced oxidative damage. PGC-1α and downstream mitochondrial signaling pathways might be involved.
PURPOSE:To obtain the titled medicinal drug preparation effective to increase the drug concentration in blood for a long time and useful for the remedy of stenocardia and cardiac infarction, etc., by adding a vasodilating nitrate drug and a beta-receptor blocker or a calcium antagonistic agent to a polymeric substance having pressure-sensitive adhesivity at normal temperature. CONSTITUTION:The objective external drug can be produced by compounding (A) a polymeric substance having pressure-sensitive adhesivity at normal temperature [e.g. a copolymer of an alkyl (meth)acrylate and other copolymerizable functional monomer] with (B) a vasodilating nitrate drug (e.g. nitroglycerol) and (C) a beta-receptor blocker (e.g. propranolol) or a calcium-antagonistic agent (e.g. nifedipin) and applying the mixture to a flexible supporting substrate. When the vasodilating nitrate is used in combination with the beta-blocker or calcium antagonistic agent for transcutaneous administration, the concentration of the drug in blood reaches 3-12 times compared with the simple transcutaneous administration of the beta-blocker or calcium antagonistic agent, and the effective blood concentration can be maintained for a long period.
All 15 patients recruited to the Phase I part will take escalating doses of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) open label. Each enrolled subject will take 600 mg of oral ALA once daily with a meal for 5 days. If well-tolerated, each subject will then take 800 mg of oral ALA once daily with a meal for 5 additional days. If 800 mg of oral ALA is well-tolerated, then subjects will then take 1200 mg of oral ALA once daily with a meal for 5 days.
Purified material (I) contg. the polypeptide back bone of a glycoprotein of molecular wt. about 110,000, or antigen of lower molecular wt. derived from it, is new. (I) is recognised by sera of human origin and contg. antibodies against the virus of lymphadenopathies (LAV) or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Peptides corresp. to the aminoacid sequences deducible from proteins encoded by LAV DNA are new, when defined by specific residues, e.g. 12-32, 37-46, 49-79, 88-153 etc.
Caution should be exercised in handling and preparing carboplatin injection. Several guidelines on this subject have been published. 1-4

To minimize the risk of dermal exposure, always wear impervious gloves when handling vials containing carboplatin injection. If carboplatin injection contacts the skin, immediately wash the skin thoroughly with soap and water. If carboplatin injection contacts mucous membranes, the membranes should be flushed immediately and thoroughly with water. More information is available in the references listed below.
The Hispanic population represents the largest and fastest growing ethnic group in the United States. Patients of Hispanic ethnicity are disproportionately at risk of developing MASLD. An adult meta-analysis found a prevalence rate of 22.9% among individuals of Hispanic ethnicity. A pediatric retrospective study found that children who are Hispanic are 5 times more likely to have MASLD than their age/gender matched peers who identify as black. The etiology of why individuals of Hispanic ethnicity are at higher risk of developing MASLD, and subsequently associated co-morbidities such as insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, is thought to be multifactorial. There is evidence to suggest that individuals of Hispanic ethnicity have a genetic predisposition for hepatic fat infiltration.11 Additionally, it has been postulated that social determinants of health, such as economic stability and health care access and quality contribute to an increased risk.

The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) recommends lifestyle modification as the foundation of treatment for MASLD. Implementing dietary changes and increasing physical activity contribute to weight loss, which has been found to reduce hepatic steatosis. A 7-10% weight loss can improve histopathological features of MASLD, including fibrosis.Application of dietary modification, such as adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern, can decrease hepatic fat content, even in the absence of weight loss.Though lifestyle intervention has been found to be effective, barriers to implementation exist. In a study of adult patients of Hispanic ethnicity with a diagnosis of MASLD, access to nutritious food and a safe exercising environment limited the ability to follow through with recommended lifestyle changes.A survey study of pediatric patients with MASLD found that many lacked the opportunity for physical activity, though the majority expressed an interest in participation.16 Health literacy, or the ability to obtain and comprehend medical information, has also been found to be a barrier to effective care. In a qualitative interview study of adults with MASLD, health literacy was hindered by the availability of liver disease resources in the patient's preferred language. There is limited pediatric data regarding perceived barriers to implementing lifestyle changes. With this study, the investigators hope to minimize some of the social determinants of health that can impact Hispanic pediatric MASLD patients and help them participate in the recommended standard of care.
Participants receive (68)Ga-PSMA-11 IV and 60-90 minutes later, undergo PET/CT imaging over 3 hours. Participants also undergo best standard of care Axumin PET/CT within 2 weeks before or after (68)Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT.
FIELD: organic chemistry, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention describes new derivatives of pyrrolo-pyridazine of the general formula (I)   where values R 1 -R 5 , m, n, A, X are given in p. 1 of the invention claim. Derivatives of pyrrolopyridazine show high activity inhibiting secretion of gastric juice, activity protecting stomach mucosa membrane and antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori. Therefore indicated derivatives can be used as prophylactic or therapeutic agents for prevention or treatment of patients with ulcer diseases. Invention describes the method of their synthesis and an antiulcer agent also. EFFECT: improved method of synthesis, enhanced effectiveness of agent. 27 cl, 123 ex
FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, in particular to coloproctology, and deals with treatment of such inflammatory intestinal diseases as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. For this purpose introduced are preparation of 5-aminosalicylic acid in doze 2-4 gram per day, metrogyl intravenously 2 times per day in amount 500 mg and nystatin in amount 2 mln units per day during 10 days. From the first day of treatment additionally every day introduced is melatonine in doze 3 mg 40 minutes before going to bed during 30 days. ^ EFFECT: method results in achieving clinical remission, as well as to reduction of risk of disease recurrence, ensuring restoration of ultra-structure of mucous tunic of intestine after a month of treatment. ^ 6 ex
The data of patients who were started Pirfenidone or Nintedanib treatment with the diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis or Progressive Pulmonary Fibrosis according to An Official ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT Clinical Practice guideline and treated for at least one year in our department between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The included patients had not previously used steroids or similar drugs for lung disease. The study was initiated after approval of the local ethics committee.

File information, pulmonary function test parameters and radiologic data, gender, age and comorbidity information of all patients were obtained from the hospital database. Pulmonary function tests were performed using a COSMED Quark 2021 model device. Patients were divided into two groups as nintedanib and pirfenidone group and both groups were compared in terms of progression in pulmonary function tests and radiologic findings within 1 year of diagnosis. For this purpose, the difference of pulmonary function test parameters (FVC (mL-%), FEV1 (mL-%), FEV1/FVC, FEF25-75 (mL-%), and 6-minute walk test values at the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th months of all patients from the baseline values at the time of diagnosis were analyzed and these differences were compared between the two groups.Thorax CT findings were also compared between the two groups for the presence of progression. Patients whose radiologic and PFT data at initial presentation were not available, patients whose treatment was discontinued before 1 year due to side effects or unresponsiveness or death, and patients who were switched between the two drugs before 1 year had elapsed were excluded from the study.

Statistical analysis Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normal distribution of the continuous variables. The data characterized by a normal distribution are expressed as mean±standard deviation. Student's t-tests was used for the comparison of the data which had a normal distribution. Mann-Whitney-U test was used for the comparison of the non-normally distributed data. The discrete variables were compared using Chi-squared test. P \<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. The data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software (version 13.01, serial number 9069728, SPSS Inc., Chicago).
Today, the fact that smartphones are easily portable and can be used for many purposes such as playing games, surfing the Internet, accessing information, shopping, and listening to music has made them widespread at an unexpected rate. This situation has brought the issue of device addiction to the agenda. Smartphone addiction can lead to many physical ailments such as visual impairment, numbness, and tingling in the hands, neck, back, hip, and knee pain. In the studies conducted, smartphone addiction was determined in university students and this situation was found to be associated with musculoskeletal pain. Considering the smartphone usage rates, durations, and smartphone usage postures of young adults, it can be predicted that spinal mobility may be adversely affected and may cause spine-related disorders. This study aims to determine the relationship between telephone head tilt and cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine mobility, and disorders in young adults. In addition, it is aimed to examine the relationship between these parameters with quality of life.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: described are new retinoic acid X-receptor ligands of formula I wherein R 1 -R 7 , R 10 , X and bond designated by dotted line are as defined in specification. Also described is pharmaceutical composition having antiproliferating activity and comprising compound of formula I and pharmaceutical carrier. Compound of formula I is selectively bonded with retinoid receptors R*R which is useful as antiproliferating agent for dermatological and oncological diseases. EFFECT: improved properties of the pharmaceutical composition. 19 cl, 3 dg, 6 dwg, 15 ex
The adiposity influence on colorectal cancer prognosis remains poorly characterised. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on post-diagnosis adiposity measures (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, weight) or their changes and colorectal cancer outcomes. PubMed and Embase were searched through 28 February 2022. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted when at least three studies had sufficient information. The quality of evidence was interpreted and graded by the Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) independent Expert Committee on Cancer Survivorship and Expert Panel. We reviewed 124 observational studies (85 publications). Meta-analyses were possible for BMI and all-cause mortality, colorectal cancer-specific mortality, and cancer recurrence/disease-free survival. Non-linear meta-analysis indicated a reverse J-shaped association between BMI and colorectal cancer outcomes (nadir at BMI 28 kg/m2). The highest risk, relative to the nadir, was observed at both ends of the BMI distribution (18 and 38 kg/m2), namely 60% and 23% higher risk for all-cause mortality; 95% and 26% for colorectal cancer-specific mortality; and 37% and 24% for cancer recurrence/disease-free survival, respectively. The higher risk with low BMI was attenuated in secondary analyses of RCTs (compared to cohort studies), among studies with longer follow-up, and in women suggesting potential methodological limitations and/or altered physiological state. Descriptively synthesised studies on other adiposity-outcome associations of interest were limited in number and methodological quality. All the associations were graded as limited (likelihood of causality: no conclusion) due to potential methodological limitations (reverse causation, confounding, selection bias). Additional well-designed observational studies and interventional trials are needed to provide further clarification.
A randomized study is planned for 5 years to evaluate the effectiveness of the Therapeutic Workplace in promoting methadone treatment and abstinence in unemployed injection drug users. Participants will be recruited through street outreach, at agencies that serve the target populations, and informal word-of-mouth referrals. Participants will be invited to attend the workplace and to enroll in the methadone treatment. To engage participants in the workplace, they will be allowed to work independent of whether they enroll in methadone treatment and independent of their drug use. The workplace participants (N=162) will be randomly assigned to three groups. The "Usual Care Control" participants will be allowed to work independent of their methadone use or urinalysis results. The "Methadone Contingency" participants will be required to take methadone to attend work, and will receive a brief pay decrease for failing to take their medication. The "Methadone \& Abstinence Contingency" participants will be required to take their medication in order to attend work, as well as receive a brief pay decrease for any positive urine samples for both cocaine and methadone.
The phenomenon of epithelial wall leakage has been the subject of investigations within athletic domains such as running and cycling. Nevertheless, there exists an insufficiency of understanding regarding gut permeability in alternative disciplines, such as rowing, particularly following the completion of a standard competitive distance of 2000 meters. Hence, the principal objective of our study was to assess gut permeability after completing a 2000-meter rowing test. The study was performed at the beginning of a competitive training phase. Eighteen elite Polish Rowing Team rowers participated in the study after applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The participants performed a 2000-meter ergometer test. Blood samples were taken before the test, after exercise, and after 1-hour of restitution. Parameters, such as I-FABP, LPS, LBP, and zonulin, were determined using appropriate biochemical tests.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases the risk for cognitive impairment and doubles the rate of cognitive decline after diabetes is diagnosed. In turn, the presence of cognitive dysfunction can make diabetes self-management more difficult. Few interventions have attempted to focus on cognitive function in the context of diabetes and none, to date have tested an intervention to improve cognition in order to improve diabetes self-management. Therefore the aims of this project are: (1) to refine an existing cognitive rehabilitation intervention and tailor it for persons with T2DM by using current literature and interview data from 10 participants with T2DM and (2) to conduct a feasibility study of the adapted intervention with 20 participants with T2DM. The intervention consists of 8 weekly group educational sessions to teach compensatory cognitive strategies. Additionally, participants will use a web-based, game-like program to build on the didactic information and practice activities to improve cognitive health. The project will provide baseline data for further research on diabetes self-management in the context of cognitive dysfunction.
Steroid heterosides (I), esp. those from Ruscus aculeatus, are purified by extracting an organic phase contg. at least one solvent for (I) with an aq. phase of pH >=13, (I) being present in one or other of these phases, then decanting and recovering (I) from the organic phase. (I) have venotonic activity and are hydrolysed to prosapogenins and genins. The pref. 2% ethanolic soln. has significant activity in the carragheenin oedema test and is used in treating varicose and prevaricose states. Prodts. are practically 100% pure so have defined and consistent activity. Overall yield is 50-80%.
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a human glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) derivative with a protracted profile of action.  <P>SOLUTION: The GLP-1 derivative is such that a lipophilic substituent such as an alkyl or ω-carboxylic acid group is added to the N-terminated or C-terminated amino acid residue. An analogue of this derivative wherein part of the amino acid sequence in this derivative is transformed is also provided. In this derivative, a 2nd lipophilic substituent may be bound to an amino acid residue other than the terminal. The derivative and the analogue each have a more protracted profile of action than the parent GLP-1(7-37).  <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT
Cirrhotic liver disease is associated with portal hypertension including elevated portal pressure as well as hyperdynamic circulation and low peripheral vascular resistance. Endothelial nitric (NO) release is impaired in liver microvasculature, upregulation of eNOS activity in the cirrhotic liver may constitute a new strategy to correct the increased hepatic vascular tone in these patients. In contrary to this impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation (endothelial dysfunction) and NO deficiency in the cirrhotic liver, systemic and splanchnic circulation of cirrhotic patients is characterized by increased vascular tone and hyporesponsiveness to vasoconstrictors. In addition to increasing insulin sensitivity, thiazolidinediones, like pioglitazone decrease oxidative stress and inflammation and improve endothelial function. In a randomized controlled, parallel group double-blind study 20 Patients with advanced (Child´s Grade B or C) liver cirrhosis will receive pioglitazone or placebo for nine days. Portal hemodynamics and forearm blood flow response will be measured at baseline and after pioglitazone/placebo to investigate the effect of pioglitazone in these group of patients.