anthonyyazdaniml/gliner-biomed-curated-corpus huggingface dataset:
Metabolic programming underpins inflammation and liver macrophage activation in the setting of chronic liver disease. Here, we sought to identify the role of an important metabolic regulator, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), specifically within myeloid cells during the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and whether treatment with metformin, a firstline therapy for diabetes and activator of AMPK could stem disease progression. Male and female Prkaa1fl/fl/Prkaa2fl/fl (Flox) control and Flox-LysM-Cre+ (MacKO) mice were fed a low-fat control or a choline-deficient, amino acid defined 45% Kcal high-fat diet (CDAHFD) for 8 weeks, where metformin was introduced in the drinking water (50 or 250 mg/kg/day) for the last 4 weeks. Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis were dramatically increased in response to CDAHFD-feeding compared to low-fat control. While myeloid AMPK signaling had no effect on markers of hepatic steatosis or circulating markers, fibrosis as measured by total liver collagen was significantly elevated in livers from MacKO mice, independent of sex. Although treatment with 50 mg/kg/day metformin had no effect on any parameter, intervention with 250 mg/kg/day metformin completely ameliorated hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in both male and female mice. While the protective effect of metformin was associated with lower final body weight, and decreased expression of lipogenic and Col1a1 transcripts, it was independent of myeloid AMPK signaling. These results suggest that endogenous AMPK signaling in myeloid cells, both liver-resident and infiltrating, acts to restrict fibrogenesis during CDAHFD-induced NASH progression but is not the mechanism by which metformin improves markers of NASH.
Insulin resistance is an early feature in obese patients lasting from hyperinsulinaemia with normal glycaemic control to impaired glucose tolerance and clinically manifest type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance is closely associated to endothelial dysfunction and many other cardiovascular risk markers summarised under the definition of the metabolic syndrome. During the recent years, insulin resistance and the development of endothelial dysfunction were recognized as important pathogenetic drivers in the development of atherosclerosis and major predictors in the development of micro and macrovascular complications like retinopathy, nephropathy, myocardial infarction or stroke.

Several different technologies have been developed for the measurement of endothelial function in distinct vascular compartments like the flow mediated vasodilatation in the brachial artery, or numerous laser Doppler based technologies for the measurement of endothelial dependent microvascular blood flow responses in the skin. Even retinal vascular morphology could be easily visualized by direct fundoscopy, the investigation of retinal endothelial function had been a diagnostical challenge for decades. During the recent years, laser doppler scanning of the retina has become a widely used technology for the measurement of microvascular blood flow in the retina. Recently a new stimulation technology for the investigation of endothelial function in the retina has been developed and validated. Application of flickering light to the retina increases retinal blood flow by the stimulation of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) release, and laser Doppler scanning of the retina before and after the flicker light application could be used for the investigation of microvascular endothelial function in the eye. For assessing the stage of retinopathy a retinal image of 45° (papilla-centered) will be performed using a digital non-mydriatic fundus camera (Kowa Nonmyd 5). The image will be evaluated in respect to diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy in a standardized method. Also the equivalent arteriolar and venous diameter of the retinal vessels will be measured and the arterio-venous ratio will be calculated.
Individuals randomized to the experimental arm will receive 100mg intramuscular ketamine injection before completing the Crisis Response Plan. The average timeframe for the experimental arm is anticipated to be approximately 60 minutes of active treatment. Following ketamine administration, the subject will be monitored for 45 minutes with pulse oximetry and recurrent vital signs. The study team will record when the CRP is completed in relation to the ketamine injection.
PURPOSE: An LG3 domain and an active peptide of human laminin alpha2 chain is provided to promote nerve cell adhesion, migration, and neurite outgrowth and to be used in wound healing and tissue regeneration. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for nerve regeneration contains a polypeptide having LG(large globular) 3 domain of human laminin-2 alpha 2. The LG3 domain has an amino acid of sequence number 2. The composition contains a peptide with an amino acid sequence of sequence number 1 and contains a peptide with an amino acid sequence selected from sequence numbers 35-50. A pharmaceutical composition for nerve regeneration contains a peptide with an amino acid of sequence number 37, 49, or 50. The polypeptide or peptide binds to alpha3beta1 integrin.
Participants will include, in their usual diet, the daily intake of 30 mL of an olive oil rich in polyphenols (intervention group) for 100 days. At the beginning (day 1), in the middle (between days 50 and 60) and at the end of the intervention period (day 100), participants will be evaluated.
Prospective single center observational study. Up to 30 subjects will be enrolled (up to 10 subjects per time point). Patients who sign the Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved consent form who have undergone endometrial ablation within the prior 14 months from time of consent will be asked to participate in this study. Patients meeting all eligibility criteria will undergo either a 3, 6 or 12 month diagnostic second look hysteroscopy (SLH) as assigned by the Investigator depending on the duration of time between the ablation and the signature date of the informed consent (up to 10 subjects for each time point). A diagnostic SLH will be performed for scoring of intrauterine adhesions by the investigator and an independent reviewer. The ability to access the uterine cavity (or not) will be documented.
FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves preparing full-layer skin graft for making transplantation. Collagen-destroying preparation is subcutaneously administered into the area of the future donor zone to achieve derma and subcutaneous fat layer atrophy in this zone. To make otoplastic repair, a graft is used that is prepared according to the suggested method. EFFECT: prevented cicatricial deformity formation. 4 cl
Virtual fencing (VF) enables livestock grazing without physical fences by conditioning animals to a virtual boundary delimited with an audio tone (AT) and an electric pulse (EP). The present study followed the adaptation process of lactating dairy cows to a VF system with changing virtual boundaries and investigated its impact on animal welfare. Twenty cows were divided into stratified groups (2× VF; 2× electric fencing, EF) of five individuals. Each group grazed half-days in a separate EF paddock of comparable size during 3 d of acclimation (P0), followed by 21, 14, 14, and 7 d of experimental treatment (P1 to P4). At the start of the trial, all cows were equipped with an IceQube pedometer (Peacock Technology Ltd, Stirling, UK) and a VF collar (Nofence AS, Batnfjordsøra, Norway). During P0, cows were accustomed to their first paddock with a deactivated virtual boundary and wearing the sensors. In P1 to P4, an active virtual boundary for the VF groups, and a second EF for the EF groups was set up parallel to an outer EF within their paddock. Throughout the trial, the sensors continuously tracked cow positions and activity behavior at 15-min intervals. From P1 onwards, the VF collars additionally recorded each AT and EP per cow with a georeferenced time stamp. During P0 to P4, daily feed intake, body weight, and milk yield were recorded in the barn. A total of 26 milk samples were collected per cow to determine milk cortisol levels. Behavioral observations were conducted for 2 h on day 23 to record agonistic behaviors, vocalizations, and excretions. The total number of stimuli per cow ranged from 37 to 225 ATs (mean ± SD: 1.9 ± 3.3 per day) and 3 to 11 EPs (mean ± SD: 0.1 ± 0.7 per day) throughout the trial. The maximum number of EPs per day was 8 for an individual cow and occurred once on D1. Mean EP/AT decreased by 55% during the first three half-days of grazing and with each paddock change from 0.2 EP/AT in week 1 to 0.03, 0.02, and 0 EP/AT in weeks 4, 6, and 8, respectively. Linear and generalized mixed effects models revealed that milk yield and cortisol, feed intake, body weight, and activity and lying behavior did not significantly differ between VF and EF groups. A higher number of agonistic behaviors were observed in the VF groups when the VF system was activated. However, due to the short observation periods only few contacts were observed in total. Overall, all cows adapted to the VF system without evidence of lasting adverse effects on animal welfare.
A method of evaluating prostate cancer by determining nucleotides in the ITGA2 gene. A risk haplotype or set of risk alleles has been identified comprising SNPs set out in Table 6, Table 9 and Figure (5). In some embodiments, the method comprises identifying the SNPs, or alleles and distinguishing between risk and non-risk alleles. Primers and probes are described for evaluating prostate cancer in a subject and kits and arrays comprising these. Methods also include monitoring expression levels of the ITGA2 gene in a subject. Methods of treatment or prevention are described comprising modulating the level or activity of alpha2betal integrin polypeptide or a ligand or down stream effector thereof. Some methods also include testing the subject for a risk allele. Modulators of the level or activity of alpha2betal integrin polypeptide or a ligand or down stream effector thereof are proposed for use in treatment or prevention of prostate cancer. Methods of determining markers for prostate cancer are described.
Patients with schizophrenia have disturbances in their sense of self, particularly their bodily self. Disorders of the sense of self are central to schizophrenia and are of interest because they are thought to be present prior to the development of the disorder, when only a few attenuated symptoms signal a risk of developing psychosis. Finding markers related to the sense of self would make it possible to predict which subjects, among those with minimal psychotic symptoms, will develop psychosis, and thus to better adapt management. Disturbances in the experience of the passage of time that accompany disturbances in the sense of self have been described particularly in subjects at risk of developing psychosis, and would predict the onset of the pathology. However, as with alterations in the sense of self, it can be difficult to get patients to describe their disturbances in the experience of time, and objective measures are required to facilitate detection of these disturbances. In the present protocol an objective measure of temporal perception mechanisms will be tested in relation to the sense of self.

The tests used in the protocol assess subjects' abilities to benefit from the passage of time and to use these abilities to predict and prepare for the occurrence of an event. The investigators have previously shown that patients with impaired bodily sense of self do not benefit from the passage of time to prepare themselves to process information in the future. The present protocol is aimed at developing a measure more sensitive to the patients' disorders by adding tactile measures.
PURPOSE:To obtain an application agent for external use with remarkably reduced occurrence of contact dermatitis and hardly any skin irritation, by blending a specific amount of a water absorbing high polymer in a plaster component. CONSTITUTION:An application agent for external use obtained by blending 1-20wt.%, preferably 1-8wt.% water absorbing high polymer as an essential ingredient in a plaster containing a tacky high polymer, drug effective ingredient, etc. The water absorbing high polymer absorbs water in an amount of 10 times or more based on the own weight to gel and swell and, e.g. a polymer prepared by introducing slight crosslinkages in an aqueous polymer, is used and blended as particles having <=100mu, particularly <=30mu particle size. The above-mentioned application agent is capable of sufficiently absorbing sweat causing the contact dermatitis without swelling and breaking the plaster even after absorbing the sweat. The whole plaster is moderately gelatinized by absorbing the sweat to reduce physical action, such as pulling out of hair.
BACKGROUND: Diquat is a common environmental pollutant, which can cause oxidative stress in humans and animals. Diquat exposure causes growth retardation and intestinal damage. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the effects of melatonin on diquat-challenged piglets.
RESULTS: Dietary supplementation with 2 mg kg-1 melatonin significantly increased the average daily gain and feed conversion rate in piglets. Melatonin increased antioxidant capacity, and improved intestinal epithelial barrier function of duodenum and jejunum in piglets. Moreover, melatonin was found to regulated the expression of immune and antioxidant-related genes. Melatonin also alleviated diquat-induced growth retardation and anorexia in diquat-challenged piglets. It also increased antioxidant capacity, and ameliorated diquat-induced intestinal epithelial barrier injury. Melatonin also regulated the expression of MnSOD and immuner-elated genes in intestinal.
CONCLUSION: Dietary supplementation with 2 mg kg-1 melatonin increased antioxidant capacity to ameliorate diquat-induced oxidative stress, alleviate intestinal epithelial barrier injury, and increase growth performance in weaned piglets. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Methods for establishing metrological traceability for at least one in vitro diagnostic medical device (110) are proposed. The methods comprise a sequence of calibration steps and adjustment steps. An outcome of each step depends on the outcome of the previous step. The methods comprises providing a leading calibration curve. The leading calibration curve ƒ p describes a relationship of at least one concentration c of at least one analyte in at least one sample with a signal s of the sample measured with the in vitro diagnostic medical device (110). The leading calibration curve ƒ p is a parametrized function (I) with parameters (II) being a set of parameters of the leading calibration curve and P ≥ 1. In each adjustment step a signal adjustment function or a concentration adjustment function is determined and at least one target concentration value is assigned.
INTRODUCTION: Donanemab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that significantly reduces cerebral amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). It can delay disease progression and cognitive decline, making it one of the most promising disease-modifying treatments in the current treatment landscape.
AREAS COVERED: This paper covers the current literature available on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, and tolerability of donanemab. Publications from PubMed and Google were reviewed. A summary of regulatory approvals and current clinical data is also provided.
EXPERT OPINION/COMMENTARY: Donanemab as a therapy for AD has more effective disease-modifying effects compared to lecanemab. Donanemab appears generally well-tolerated; however, it may have higher rates of severe side effects, such as amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), that could lead to death. Guidelines for frequency of MRI monitoring for ARIA/safety are pending but will be integral to determining its use. Despite some limitations, donanemab is expected to receive FDA approval, giving clinicians access to another disease-modifying drug. Overall, more data is needed about donanemab, especially relating to safety, efficacy, cost, and integration with other treatments, but its development signifies progress in AD treatment.
Diet is one of the most important elements of HD treatment. Kidney disease can be slowed down with diet. There are important issues in the diet of individuals receiving HD treatment. Adequate energy consumption comes first. Individuals receiving HD treatment must meet the energy requirements needed to maintain their health, as well as perform their metabolic functions. Adequate protein intake is one of the important issues in the diet in patients receiving HD treatment. Compliance with disease treatment; it is briefly defined as "individual compliance with medical treatment and health recommendations". During the period of hemodialysis treatment, one of the areas where individuals have difficulty in adapting is diet and fluid restriction. Because the disease and HD treatment directly affect the eating habits and preferences of individuals. As with all chronic diseases, it is very important for individuals who continue HD treatment to comply with the drug treatment program, diet and fluid restrictions in order to maintain their health. refers to a fast and concise presentation format. It was created in 2003 by architects Astrid Klein and Mark Dytham, who hoped to give young designers the opportunity to present their work in a short, fast-paced setting. In a PK presentation, each presenter is only allowed to show 20 PowerPoint slides for 20 seconds each on a timer. In other words, the presenter has only 20 seconds to discuss each slide before the next slide appears, and the presentation time is limited to 6 minutes and 40 seconds. Ideas are explained visually with pictures and graphics, and there is little text on the slides.
BACKGROUND: Trans-oral robotic surgery (TORS) and trans-oral laser microsurgery (TLM) have been increasingly employed for the diagnosis and identification of primary occult cancers in the head and neck region. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the application and effectiveness of tonsillectomy with TORS and TLM in detecting these cancers.
METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for eligible studies using TORS or TLM in identifying the unknown primary sites of occult head and neck cancer, published from inception to September 2023. Two investigators independently screened articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.
RESULTS: From 2282 articles identified, 20 individual studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in this meta-analysis. Primary tumors were identified by TORS/TLM in 65% (364/561) of patients. The initial identification rates of lingual tonsillectomy (n = 219) and palatine tonsillectomy (n = 83) were 39% and 15%, respectively. The identification rates of primary sites for trans-oral surgical techniques were 60.7% (95% CI, 49.4-72%) for TORS and 75.7% (95% CI, 60.7-90.7%) for TLM. Seventy-nine point six percent (467/587) of the tumors were associated with human papilloma virus (HPV). The detection rate of HPV+ tumors was 79% (173/220) and the detection rate of HPV- tumors was 10% (5/52). The most common complication was nasogastric/gastrostomy, accounting for 6% (29/481). The length of hospital stay reported varied from 1 to more than 7 days.
CONCLUSION: This is a latest systematic review of the detection rates of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary sites by tongue base mucosectomy (TBM) via TORS and TBM via TLM. This study confirmed that TBM via TLM performed better than TBM-TORS in the detection rate of the primary. In particular, TBM via TLM showed significant advantages in detecting primary lesions in HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary patients.
It is difficult to determine the adequate depth of endotracheal tube placement in infants and young children. It is usually determined by an equation according to the patient's age (12 + age/2, cm) or auscultation method. The auscultation method is to intentionally place the tip of the endotracheal tube into the right main stem bronchus and then withdraw it until breath sounds are equal. The tube is fixed 1 or 2 cm proximal to the point where breath sounds become equal. However, in small children or infant, as the breadth sound in unilateral lung transmits the contralateral lung field and is often difficult to listen in a noisy operation room, it is often difficult to determine the depth by auscultation method. Pleural sliding sign, or sliding lung sign is a ultrasonographic finding that the visceral pleura moves against the parietal pleura. It is used to identify whether the lung is ventilated by ultrasound. The investigators are trying to use this pleural sliding sign to determine the depth of endotracheal tube, and compare this method with auscultation method.
The use of lipo-amino acid alkyl esters as SPF (Sun Protection Factor) boosters in cosmetic compositions containing a sun filter is described. The alkyl esters, when added to cosmetic compositions containing a sun filter, increase their SPF value by 50% or higher. As a result, the amount of sun filter in the cosmetics can be significantly reduced while maintaining a high SPF. The SPF booster effect was observed in different types of cosmetic compositions and with different sun filters. The alkyl esters have a strong natural connotation and can be obtained by eco-friendly synthesis methods. Photoprotective cosmetic compositions are thereby obtained which are safe to use and have better acceptance by the consumer.
Each participant will undergo a 30-minute heat stress to one randomized ear. The participant will be reclined and the hot air caloric at 50°C applied by a licensed, unblinded audiologist for 30 minutes.
Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) is a stress-response protein that has been shown to protect cardiomyocytes under a variety of stress conditions from apoptosis. Our recent study showed that the expression of CIRP protein in the heart was downregulated in patients with heart failure and an animal model of ischaemia heart failure, but its role in heart failure is still unknown. The present study aimed at evaluating the potential role of CIRP on the heart in an animal model of myocardial infarction (MI). MI model of rats was induced by the ligation of the left coronary artery. CIRP overexpression was mediated by direct intracardiac injection of adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) vectors carrying a CIRP coding sequence with a cardiac-specific promoter before the induction of the MI model. The effects of CIRP elevation on MI-induced heart were analysed through echocardiographic, pathological and molecular analysis. Our results showed that the intracardiac injection of AAV9 successfully mediated CIRP upregulation in cardiomyocytes. Upregulation of cardiac CIRP prevented MI-induced cardiac dysfunction and adverse remodelling, coupled with the reduced inflammatory response in the heart. Collectively, these results demonstrated the beneficial role of intracellular CIRP on the heart and suggest that CIRP may be a therapeutic target in ischaemic heart disease.